gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Sulfides, pH and Hydrogen Sulfide Gas in the Sewers of San Francisco (2015)

An extensive measuring campaign targeted on sewer odor problems was undertaken in San Francisco. It was assessed whether a conceptual sewer process model could reproduce the measured concentrations of total sulfide in the wastewater and H2S gas in the sewer atmosphere, and to which degree such simulations have potential for further improving odor and sulfide management. The campaign covered measurement of wastewater sulfide by grab sampling and diurnal sampling, and H2S gas in the sewer atmosphere was logged. The tested model was based on the Wastewater Aerobic/Anaerobic Transformations in Sewers (WATS) sewer process concept, which never had been calibrated to such an extensive dataset. The study showed that the model was capable of reproducing the general levels of wastewater sulfide, wastewater pH, and sewer H2S gas. It could also reproduce the general variability of these parameters, albeit with some uncertainty. It was concluded that the model could be applied for the purpose in mind.
Exercise modifies glutamate and other metabolic biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid from Gulf War Illness and Myalgic encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2021)

Myalgic encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Gulf War Illness (GWI) share many symptoms of fatigue, pain, and cognitive dysfunction that are not relieved by rest. Patterns of serum metabolites in ME/CFS and GWI are different from control groups and suggest potential dysfunction of energy and lipid metabolism. The metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid was contrasted between ME/CFS, GWI and sedentary controls in 2 sets of subjects who had lumbar punctures after either (a) rest or (b) submaximal exercise stress tests. Postexercise GWI and control subjects were subdivided according to acquired transient postexertional postural tachycardia. Banked cerebrospinal fluid specimens were assayed using Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ® p180 kits for quantitative targeted metabolomics studies of amino acids, amines, acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, lysophospholipids, alkyl and ether phosphocholines. Glutamate was significantly higher in the subgroup of postexercise GWI subjects who did not develop postural tachycardia after exercise compared to nonexercise and other postexercise groups. The only difference between nonexercise groups was higher lysoPC a C28:0 in GWI than ME/CFS suggesting this biochemical or phospholipase activities may have potential as a biomarker to distinguish between the 2 diseases. Exercise effects were suggested by elevation of short chain acylcarnitine C5-OH (C3-DC-M) in postexercise controls compared to nonexercise ME/CFS. Limitations include small subgroup sample sizes and absence of postexercise ME/CFS specimens. Mechanisms of glutamate neuroexcitotoxicity may contribute to neuropathology and "neuroinflammation" in the GWI subset who did not develop postural tachycardia after exercise. Dysfunctional lipid metabolism may distinguish the predominantly female ME/CFS group from predominantly male GWI subjects.
Event-Triggered Coordination for Formation Tracking Control in Constrained Space With Limited Communication (2018)

In this paper, the formation tracking control is studied for a multiagent system (MAS) with communication limitations. The objective is to control a group of agents to track a desired trajectory while maintaining a given formation in nonomniscient constrained space. The role switching triggered by the detection of unexpected spatial constraints facilitates efficiency of event-triggered control in communication bandwidth, energy consumption, and processor usage. A coordination mechanism is proposed based on a novel role "coordinator" to indirectly spread environmental information among the whole communication network and form a feedback link from followers to the leader to guarantee the formation keeping. A formation scaling factor is introduced to scale up or scale down the given formation size in the case that the region is impassable for MAS with the original formation size. Controllers for the leader and followers are designed and the adaptation law is developed for the formation scaling factor. The conditions for asymptotic stability of MAS are discussed based on the Lyapunov theory. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of proposed approaches.
A yeast model for the mechanism of the Epstein‐Barr virus immune evasion identifies a new therapeutic target to interfere with the virus stealthiness (2017)

The oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) evades the immune system but has an Achilles heel: its genome maintenance protein EBNA1. Indeed, EBNA1 is essential for viral genome replication and maintenance but also highly antigenic. Hence, EBV evolved a system in which the glycine-alanine repeat (GAr) of EBNA1 limits the translation of its own mRNA at a minimal level to ensure its essential function thereby, at the same time, minimizing immune recognition. Defining intervention points where to interfere with EBNA1 immune evasion is an important step to trigger an immune response against EBV-carrying cancers. Thanks to a yeast-based assay that recapitulates all the aspects of EBNA1 self-limitation of expression, a recent study by Lista <i>et al.</i> [Nature Communications (2017) 7, 435-444] has uncovered the role of the host cell nucleolin (NCL) in this process via a direct interaction of this protein with G-quadruplexes (G4) formed in GAr-encoding sequence of EBNA1 mRNA. In addition, the G4 ligand PhenDC3 prevents NCL binding on EBNA1 mRNA and reverses GAr-mediated repression of translation and antigen presentation. This shows that the NCL-EBNA1 mRNA interaction is a relevant therapeutic target to unveil EBV-carrying cancers to the immune system and that the yeast model can be successfully used for uncovering drugs and host factors that interfere with EBV stealthiness.
Hepatic metabolic effects of Curcuma longa extract supplement in high-fructose and saturated fat fed rats (2017)

The metabolic effects of an oral supplementation with a Curcuma longa extract, at a dose nutritionally relevant with common human use, on hepatic metabolism in rats fed a high fructose and saturated fatty acid (HFS) diet was evaluated. High-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR and GC/MS in combination with multivariate analysis have been employed to characterize the NMR metabolite profiles and fatty acid composition of liver tissue respectively. The results showed a clear discrimination between HFS groups and controls involving metabolites such as glucose, glycogen, amino acids, acetate, choline, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and β-hydroxybutyrate as well as an increase of MUFAs and a decrease of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs. Although the administration of CL did not counteract deleterious effects of the HFS diet, some metabolites, namely some n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA, and betaine were found to increase significantly in liver samples from rats having received extract of curcuma compared to those fed the HFS diet alone. This result suggests that curcuminoids may affect the transmethylation pathway and/or osmotic regulation. CL extract supplementation in rats appears to increase some of the natural defences preventing the development of fatty liver by acting on the choline metabolism to increase fat export from the liver.
Characterizing abstraction hierarchies for planning (1991)

The purposes of this paper are threefold. The first is to provide a crisp formalization of ABSTRIPS-style abstraction, since the lack of such formalizations has made it difficult to ascertain the uses and value of this type of abstraction in previous research. Second, we define the refinement relationship between solutions at different levels of the abstraction hierarchy. Such definitions are crucial to developing efficient search strategies with this type of hierarchical planning. And third, we provide a restriction on the abstraction mapping that provides a criterion for generating useful abstractions.
Solar Cells with Inkjet Printed Polymer Layers (2012)

Inkjet printing can be used to deposit large area, functional polymer layers for organic solar cells with limited material waste. In this work, solar cells were produced with inkjet printed polymer:small molecule active layers or inkjet printed hole transport layers. For device active layers, two classes of polymers were printed, semi-crystalline or amorphous, and solar cell performance was examined after different thermal treatments or after deposition from different solvent systems, respectively. Conventional devices were also prepared with inkjet printed hole transport layers as well as with printed grid structures located between the hole transport and active layers. Grid structures are useful because an increased contact area with the active layer could result in more charge extraction. Overall, inkjet printing is well suited to deposit the polymer layers of solar cells with limited performance reduction.
Granular magnetic solids (invited) (1991)

Granular metals consist of nanometer size metal granules embedded in an immiscible medium. They display a rich variety of physical properties as a result of their unique nanostructure and extra degrees of freedom. They are also suitable for the exploration of finite-size effects, enhanced and tailored properties of fundamental interest, and for technological applications. Granular magnetic solids of elemental metals and alloys will be discussed. Single-domain characteristics, superparamagnetic relaxation, enhanced ferromagnetic properties, granular alloys, and spin glasses are some of the topics covered.
Intravenous Contrast Medium Administration and Scan Timing at CT: Considerations and Approaches (2010)

The continuing advances in computed tomographic (CT) technology in the past decades have provided ongoing opportunities to improve CT image quality and clinical practice and discover new clinical CT imaging applications. New CT technology, however, has introduced new challenges in clinical radiology practice. One of the challenges is with intravenous contrast medium administration and scan timing. In this article, contrast medium pharmacokinetics and patient, contrast medium, and CT scanning factors associated with contrast enhancement and scan timing are presented and discussed. Published data from clinical studies of contrast medium and physiology are reviewed and interpreted. Computer simulation data are analyzed to provide an in-depth analysis of various factors associated with contrast enhancement and scan timing. On the basis of basic principles and analysis of the factors, clinical considerations and modifications to protocol design that are necessary to optimize contrast enhancement for common clinical CT applications are proposed.
Multiplex profiling of tumor‐associated proteolytic activity in serum of colorectal cancer patients (2014)

Functional protease profiling with RPs might improve the laboratory-based diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of malignant disease, and has to be evaluated thoroughly in future studies.
Identification of glucose conjugates as major urinary metabolites of cannabidiol in the dog (1990)

1. Three dogs were treated i.v. with cannabidiol (CBD) and urine collected at intervals to 30 h. 2. Metabolites were extracted, converted into trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives and examined by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 3. The major metabolites excreted at early times were identified as the phenol glucosides of 4"-hydroxy-CBD, 5"-hydroxy-CBD and 6-oxo-CBD. 4. These three oxidized metabolites were not found unconjugated, and none of the free oxidized metabolites in urine were found conjugated with glucose. 5. The conjugates were hydrolysed by beta-glucuronidase Type HP-2 from Helix pomatia and acid phosphatase but not by beta-glucuronidase Type VII from E. coli. Differential reactivity towards alpha- and beta-glucosidase indicated that they possessed the beta-configuration.
Heliciopsides A−E, Unusual Macrocyclic and Phenolic Glycosides from the Leaves of Heliciopsis terminalis and Their Stimulation of Glucose Uptake (2022)

Ten phenolic constituents, including three new macrocyclic glycosides (<b>1</b>-<b>3</b>), a new phenolic glycoside (<b>5</b>), a new biphenyl glycoside (<b>6</b>), and five known compounds (<b>4</b>, <b>7</b>-<b>10</b>), were isolated from a 70% MeOH extract of the leaves of <i>Heliciopsis terminalis</i> by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-guided molecular networking. The chemical structures of new compounds <b>1</b>-<b>3</b>, <b>5</b> and <b>6</b> were established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS techniques. All isolated compounds (<b>1</b>-<b>10</b>) were evaluated for their stimulation of glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes using 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-d-glucose (2-NBDG) as a fluorescent glucose analog. Compounds <b>3</b>, <b>6</b> and <b>8</b> showed stimulatory effects on the uptake of 2-NBDG in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Among them, compounds <b>3</b> and <b>6</b> activated the AMPK signaling pathway in differentiated C2C12 myoblasts.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Ligand-Dependent Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR)-α Activation Sensitizes Rare Lung Cancer and Sarcoma Cells to PDGFR Kinase Inhibitors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 7 from Ligand-Dependent Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR)-α Activation Sensitizes Rare Lung Cancer and Sarcoma Cells to PDGFR Kinase Inhibitors
Decentralized Social Navigation with Non-Cooperative Robots via Bi-Level Optimization (2023)

This paper presents a fully decentralized approach for realtime non-cooperative multi-robot navigation in social mini-games, such as navigating through a narrow doorway or negotiating right of way at a corridor intersection. Our contribution is a new realtime bi-level optimization algorithm, in which the top-level optimization consists of computing a fair and collision-free ordering followed by the bottom-level optimization which plans optimal trajectories conditioned on the ordering. We show that, given such a priority order, we can impose simple kinodynamic constraints on each robot that are sufficient for it to plan collision-free trajectories with minimal deviation from their preferred velocities, similar to how humans navigate in these scenarios. We successfully deploy the proposed algorithm in the real world using F$1/10$ robots, a Clearpath Jackal, and a Boston Dynamics Spot as well as in simulation using the SocialGym 2.0 multi-agent social navigation simulator, in the doorway and corridor intersection scenarios. We compare with state-of-the-art social navigation methods using multi-agent reinforcement learning, collision avoidance algorithms, and crowd simulation models. We show that $(i)$ classical navigation performs $44\%$ better than the state-of-the-art learning-based social navigation algorithms, $(ii)$ without a scheduling protocol, our approach results in collisions in social mini-games $(iii)$ our approach yields $2\times$ and $5\times$ fewer velocity changes than CADRL in doorways and intersections, and finally $(iv)$ bi-level navigation in doorways at a flow rate of $2.8 - 3.3$ (ms)$^{-1}$ is comparable to flow rate in human navigation at a flow rate of $4$ (ms)$^{-1}$.
Twittering About Research: A Case Study of the World’s First Twitter Poster Competition (2015)

The Royal Society of Chemistry held, to our knowledge, the world's first Twitter conference at 9am on February 5 (th), 2015. This paper reports the details of the event and discusses the outcomes, such as the potential for the use of social media to enhance scientific communication at conferences. In particular, the present work argues that social media outlets such as Twitter broaden audiences, speed up communication, and force clearer and more concise descriptions of a researcher's work. The benefits of poster presentations are also discussed in terms of potential knowledge exchange and networking. This paper serves as a proof-of-concept approach for improving both the public opinion of the poster, and the enhancement of the poster through an innovative online format that some may feel more comfortable with, compared to face-to-face communication.
Personalised ambient monitoring for people with bipolar disorder (2011)

The 16th Biennial Winter Workshop in Psychoses, 30 January to 2 February 2011 Innsbruck, Austria: POSTER ABSTRACTS
Characterization of nuclear membranes and endoplasmic reticulum isolated from plant tissue. (1976)

Nuclei, nuclear membranes and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) were isolated from onion root tips and stems. Structural preservation and purity of the fractions was determined by electron microscopic and biochemical methods. Gross compositional data (protein, phospholipid, nonpolar lipids, sterols, RNA, DNA), phospholipid and fatty acid patterns, enzyme activities (ATPases, ADPase, IDPase, glucose-6-phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, acid phosphatase, and NADH- and NADPH-cytochrome C reductases), and cytochrome contents were determined. A stable, high salt-resistant attachment of some DNA with the nuclear membrane was observed as well as the association of some RNA with high salt-treated nuclear and rER membranes. The phospholipid pattern was identical for both nuclear and rER membranes and showed a predominance of lecithin (about 60%) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (20-24%). Special care was necessary to minimize lipid degradation by phospholipases during isolations. Nonpolar lipids, mostly sterols and triglycerides, accounted for 35-45% of the membrane lipids. Sterol contents were relatively high in both membrane fractions (molar ratios of sterols to phospholipids ranged from 0.12 to 0.43). Sitosterol accounted for about 80% of the total sterols. Palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids were the most prevalent acids in membrane-bound lipids as well as in storage lipids and occurred in similar proportions in phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids of the membrane. About 80% of the fatty acids in membrane phospholipids and triglycerides were unsaturated. A cytochrome of the b5 type was characterized in these membranes, but P-450-like cytochromes could not be detected. Both NADH and NADPH-cytochrome c reductases were found in nuclear and rER membranes and appeared to be enriched in rER membranes. Among the phosphatases, Mg2+-ATPase and, to lesser extents, ADPase, IDPase and acid phosphatase activities occurred in the fractions, but significant amounts of monovalent ion-stimulated ATPase, 5'-nucleotidase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities did not. The results obtained emphasize that the close biochemical similarities noted between rER and nuclear membranes of animal cells extend to these fractions from plant cells.
Lung segmentation in CT for thoracic PET-CT registration through visual study (2012)

Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computer Tomography (CT) is a combined device that merges the anatomical and functional information of a patient used most commonly in cancer diagnosis and staging. This device is said to improve co-registration of both the anatomical and functional information. However, in real clinical practices, voluntary and involuntary patient motions are inevitable during scanning resulting in registration errors. In our study, feature based registration algorithm is to be used to solve such problem focusing on the thoracic region. Thus, segmentation method is chosen as a preliminary step to segment significant anatomical regions such as the lungs. Lungs segmentation in CT image is implemented based on optimal thresholding, region growing, connected component labeling as well as morphological operations. Satisfactory lung boundary segmentation results are obtained through visual inspection for our current dataset; that are deemed agreeable to devise a solution for PET-CT thoracic misregistration.
Obstacles detection and localisation with 3D geographical model and monovision (2007)

International audience
The rp Allele Alters Carotenoid Accumulation and Composition in Carrot Roots (1998)

Previous studies have shown the lack of pigmentation in carrot root is dominant to the production of pigment. However, the rp allele causes a 92% reduction in total carotenoid pigmentation in roots of W266rprp. When homozygous recessive, the rp allele also appears to alter the carotenoid quality of carrot roots. The primary focus of this study was to investigate the effect of rp on the composition of carotenoids in two near-isolines of carrot, W266RPRP and W266rprp. Field experiments during 1996 and 1997 revealed that accumulation of total carotenoid concentration in W266RPRP and in W266rprp was 12.7 and 1.3 μg/g dry weight, respectively. HPLC analyses showed W266rprp contained no α-carotene, whereas W266RPRP contained both α- and β-carotene. HPLC analyses of W266rprp also showed no accumulation of phytoene nor lycopene and due to the absence of α - carotene in W266rprp, thus it was hypothesized that the rp gene may cause a lesion in the β and/or ϵ cyclases. HPLC analyses also provided evidence that the rp gene is associated with a greater synthesis of a product that has a high absorbance at 296 nm and an elution time ≈28.6 min in W266rprp. MALDI mass spectroscopy of HPLC-generated fractions eluting at 28.6 min revealed differences between W266rprp and W266RPRP, suggesting differential carotenoid composition between the two near-isolines.
A transformer model for winding fault studies (1994)

This paper deals with a method of modeling internal faults in a power transformer. The method leads to a model which is entirely compatible with EMTP software. It enables simulation of faults between any turn and the earth or between any two turns of the transformer windings. Implementation of the proposed method assumes knowledge of how to evaluate the leakage factors between the various coils of the transformer. A very simple method is proposed to evaluate these leakage factors. At last, an experimental validation of the model allows the estimation of its accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Low-Temperature Growth of a Nitrogen-Doped Titania Nanoflower Film and Its Ability To Assist Photodegradation of Rhodamine B in Water (2006)

Successful application of titania photocatalysts for air and water remediation demands highly active titania thin films fabricated through a simple reaction that is easily scaled-up. In this study, titania thin films with a dual structure, that is, flower-like rutile aggregates sitting on top of an anatase layer, were fabricated simply by oxidizing metallic Ti plates with hydrogen peroxide solution containing trace amounts of hexamethylenetetramine and concentrated nitric acid at 353 K for 72 h. Low-temperature growth of the top flower-like rutile, with constructing blocks of tiny rutile nanorods, occurred only after 60 h of reaction when the solution contained almost no hydrogen peroxide or Ti(IV) ions. Tiny rutile nanorods were supposed to form through a dissolution precipitation mechanism and then orient and attach to form single-crystal nanorods with larger sizes, which self-organize to develop the flower-like rutile aggregates. After a subsequent thermal treatment to further improve the crystallinity, the titania film was utilized to assist photodegradation of Rhodamine B in water under ultraviolet light irradiation. Significant increased photocatalytic activity of the titania nanoflower film was achieved after natural aging of the titania thin film for certain durations. The present film possessed enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with the titania nanorod film we previously reported and the commercial Degussa P-25 titania coating as well.