gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The release of pancreatic polypeptide by intraduodenal l-phenylalanine in the dog. (1981)

In four dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas 100 mM L-phenylalanine was delivered to the duodenum at a rate of 25 ml/15 minutes. Pancreatic secretion and plasma pancreatic polypeptide (PP) concentration were monitored. Phenylalanine induced a slight rise in pancreatic volume output and a considerable increase in protein secretion in the pancreatic juice as well as a significant (p less than 0.01) increment of plasma PP over basal levels. Administration of atropine sulfate (0.1 mg/kg i.v.) inhibited the PP release and reduced the pancreatic protein output (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that the release of PP following intraduodenal phenylalanine involves a cholinergic mechanism and may be mediated by an enteropancreatic reflex and/or endogenous CCK peptides.
Novel role for ESCRT-III component CHMP4C in the integrity of the endocytic network utilized for herpes simplex virus envelopment (2020)

Summary Enveloped viruses exploit cellular trafficking pathways for their morphogenesis, providing potential scope for the development of new antiviral therapies. We have previously shown that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) utilises recycling endocytic membranes as the source of its envelope, in a process involving four Rab GTPases. To identify novel factors involved in HSV1 envelopment, we have screened an siRNA library targeting over eighty human trafficking proteins including coat proteins, adaptor proteins, fusion factors, fission factors and Rab effectors. Depletion of eleven factors reduced virus yield by 20- to 100-fold, including three early secretory pathway proteins; four late secretory pathway proteins; and four endocytic pathway proteins, three of which are membrane fission factors. Five of the eleven targets were chosen for further analysis in virus infection where it was found that the absence of only one, the fission factor CHMP4C, known for its role in the cytokinesis checkpoint, specifically reduced virus production at the final stage of morphogenesis. Ultrastructural and confocal microscopy of CHMP4C-depleted, HSV1-infected cells, showed an accumulation of endocytic membranes; extensive tubulation of recycling, transferrin receptor-positive endosomes indicative of aberrant fission; and a failure in virus envelopment. No effect on the late endocytic pathway was detected, while exogenous CHMP4C was shown to localise to recycling endosomes. Taken together, these data reveal a novel role for the CHMP4C fission factor in the integrity of the recycling endosomal network, which has been unveiled through the dependence of HSV1 on these membranes for the acquisition of their envelopes. Importance Cellular transport pathways play a fundamental role in secretion and membrane biogenesis. Enveloped viruses exploit these pathways to direct their membrane proteins to sites of envelopment, and as such, are powerful tools for unravelling subtle activities of trafficking factors, potentially pinpointing therapeutic targets. Using the sensitive biological readout of virus production, over eighty trafficking factors involved in diverse and poorly defined cellular processes have been screened for involvement in the complex process of HSV1 envelopment. Out of eleven potential targets, CHMP4C – a key component in the cell-cycle abscission checkpoint – stood out as being required for the physical process of virus wrapping in endocytic tubules, where it was shown to localise. In the absence of CHMP4C, recycling endocytic membranes failed to undergo scission, causing transient tubulation and accumulation of membranes and unwrapped virus. These data reveal a new role for this important cellular factor in the biogenesis of recycling endocytic membranes.
NAND Flash-Based Disk Cache Using SLC/MLC Combined Flash Memory (2010)

Flash memory-based non-volatile cache (NVC) is emerging as an effective solution for enhancing both the performances and the energy consumptions of storage systems. In order to attain significant performance and energy gains from NVC, it would be better to use multi-level-cell (MLC) flash memories since they can provide a large NVC capacity at low cost. However, the number of available program/erase cycles of MLC flash memory is smaller than that of single-level-cell (SLC) flash memory, which limits the lifespan of an NVC. In order to overcome this limitation, SLC/MLC combined flash memory is a promising solution for use in NVC. This paper proposes an effective management scheme for heterogeneous SLC and MLC regions of combined flash memory. It also proposes a design technique which is able to determine the optimal proportion between the two regions that maximizes performance and energy reduction, guaranteeing the lifespan constraint. We show experimentally how performance, lifespan, and energy consumption of the NVC-embedded hard disk change depending upon the configuration of the combined flash memory. We also show the superiority of the proposed NVC management policy in comparison to alternative policies.
A thermal resistances-based approach for thermal-elastrohydrodynamic calculations in point contacts (2018)

This article presents a thermal resistances-based approach for solving the thermal-elastohydrodynamic lubrication problem in point contact, taking the lubricant rheology into account. The friction coefficient in the contact is estimated, along with the distribution of both film thickness and temperature. A commercial tribometer is used in order to measure the friction coefficient at a ball-on-disc point contact lubricated with a polyalphaolefin base. These data and other experimental results available in the bibliography are compared to those obtained by using the proposed methodology, and thermal effects are analysed. The new approach shows good accuracy for predicting the friction coefficient and requires less computational cost than full thermal-elastohydrodynamic simulations.
High power modulator integrated DFB laser incorporatingstrain-compensated MQWand graded SCH modulator for 10 Gbit/s transmission (1995)

A modulator integrated DFB laser incorporating a strain-compensated MQW and graded SCH electro-absorption modulator has been developed for suppressing the hole pile-up effect. The device demonstrates stable modulation characteristics and 10 Gbit/s transmission over 60 km of standard singlemode fibre under high power operation.
Laparoscopic Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation of Adrenal Tumors: Technical Details (2010)

To our knowledge, this is the first report of laparoscopic adrenal RFA. Laparoscopic RFA is an option for patients with unresectable adrenal tumors owing to the extent of disease or comorbidities. The procedure can be carried out safely using any standard laparoscopic adrenalectomy approaches.
CHLORINATION OF METHANE WITH COPPER CHLORIDE MELTS. TERNARY SYSTEM, CuCl–CuCl2–KCl, AND ITS EQUILIBRIUM CHLORINE PRESSURES (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCHLORINATION OF METHANE WITH COPPER CHLORIDE MELTS. TERNARY SYSTEM, CuCl–CuCl2–KCl, AND ITS EQUILIBRIUM CHLORINE PRESSURESC. M. Fontana, Everett Gorin, G. A. Kidder, and C. S. MeredithCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 2, 363–368Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50506a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50506a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Environmental monitoring of waterborne Campylobacter: evaluation of the Australian standard and a hybrid extraction-free MPN-PCR method (2015)

Campylobacter is the leading agent of diarrheal disease worldwide. This study evaluates a novel culture-PCR hybrid (MPN-PCR) assay for the rapid enumeration of Campylobacter spp. from estuarine and wastewater systems. To first evaluate the current, culture-based, Australian standard, an inter-laboratory study was conducted on 69 subsampled water samples. The proposed Most-Probable Number (MPN)-PCR method was then evaluated, by analysing 147 estuarine samples collected over a 2 year period. Data for 14 different biological, hydrological and climatic parameters were also collated to identify pathogen-environment relationships and assess the potential for method specific bias. The results demonstrated that the intra-laboratory performance of the MPN-PCR was superior to that of AS/NZS (σ = 0.7912, P < 0.001; κ = 0.701, P < 0.001) with an overall diagnostic accuracy of ~94%. Furthermore, the analysis of both MPN-PCR and AS/NZS identified the potential for the introduction of method specific bias during assessment of the effects of environmental parameters on Campylobacter spp. numbers.
Prognostic impact from clinic, daytime, and night-time systolic blood pressure in nine cohorts of 13 844 patients with hypertension (2014)

In hypertensive patients, NSBP had greater dispersion than DSBP and CSBP in all cohorts. On simultaneous adjustment, compared with DSBP and CSBP, increased NSBP independently predicted higher CVEs in most cohorts, and, overall, NSBP independently predicted CVEs, whereas CSBP and DSBP lost their predictive ability entirely.
Proposal of CVD New Evaporation Supply Method by Using Mixed Solution (2008)

The authors proposed a novel chemical vapor deposition system, flash boiling spray CVD (FS- CVD) to improve several kind of problem such as decomposition of precursor at supply line and evaporator. In this method, liquid precursors are supplied directly to vacuum chamber through an injector, just like fuel for an automobile engine, without any vaporizers, so as to induce an unsteady and intermittent flash boiling spray in the chamber. However, it is necessary to keep the lowest ambient pressure because the saturated vapor pressure of precursor is very low. Thus, it is very useful to modify the saturated vapor pressure of precursor. The technique to improve the vaporization of precursor is proposed by mixing a higher saturated vapor pressure organic solvent. In this paper, as a first step to ascertain FS-CVD principle, SiO2 film was formed on the Si substrate. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and n-pentane mixed solution was used as the mixing solution. Using this method, film thickness distribution of SiO2 film on 100 mm diameter Si wafer was ranged as +/-4%. Furthermore, this method enables us to control the film with various thicknesses by optimizing the injection period, cycle and frequency.
Tumor Oxygen Tension: Measurement Using Oxygent™ as A19F NMR Probe AT 4.7 T (1994)

We have used Oxygent (an emulsion of perflubron [PFOB]) to measure pO2 in a Dunning prostatic adenocarcinoma non-invasively using 19F NMR spectroscopy. We have confirmed a linear relationship between the spin-lattice relaxation rate (R1) and pO2 and we have assessed the effect of temperature. R1 of the individual resonances of Oxygent is considerably more sensitive to changes in pO2 than other PFC emulsions, whilst being considerably less sensitive to interference from temperature variation. Oxygent has two well resolved resonances (delta delta approximately 18ppm) and these were both exploited to estimate tumor pO2 = 47 +/- 5 torr.
The Cost of Progress: Enduring the Tax Deductibility of International Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives (2013)

Until the end of the twentieth century, the predominant view in America was that a corporation’s sole duty was to supply wealth to its shareholders. The idea that a corporation owes a broader duty to all of its stakeholders has gained ground based largely on the emerging international recognition of human rights norms. Increasingly American MNCs have opted to voluntarily create and implement CSR policies for moral, economic, and political reasons. While charitable donations made to exempt organizations are expressly deductible under section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code, the same might not be true for a given CSR expenditure. In order to claim a tax deduction, a taxpayer must be able to point to a section of the Internal Revenue Code containing the magic words, “There shall be allowed as a deduction...” for the given outlay. Therefore, many American MNCs may be reluctant to proceed with a meaningful CSR program without a corresponding tax subsidy; a subsidy in the sense that a tax deduction reduces the after tax cost of a given outlay by subtracting the cost of the outlay from the taxpayer’s gross income. This note, in Part II, explains the challenges in influencing and regulating the extra-territorial acts and omissions of American MNCs and their foreign suppliers. Part III. A. discusses some of the most pressing human and labor rights abuses that are someway connected to American MNCs. Part III. B. begins the conversation of a CSR tax deduction by describing the similarities and differences of tax credits and deductions. Next, Part III. C. offers arguments for a tax deduction for money spent by American MNCs on CSR initiatives to improve human and labor rights, and environmental protection. Counter-arguments against such a deduction are considered in Part III. D. Finally Part IV. concludes the Note.
A RETARDATION MODULATION ELLIPSOMETER FOR STUDYING FAST SURFACE TRANSIENTS (1983)

A high-speed ellipsometer has been constructed which can operate in microsecond orders. An example of the application to rapid growth of anodic films on GaAs is given.
Further improvement of phosphite dehydrogenase thermostability by saturation mutagenesis (2007)

Abstract Phosphite dehydrogenase represents a new enzymatic system for regenerating reduced nicotinamide cofactors for industrial biocatalysis. We previously engineered a variant of phosphite dehydrogenase with relaxed cofactor specificity and significantly increased activity and stability. Here we performed one round of random mutagenesis followed by comprehensive saturation mutagenesis to further improve the enzyme thermostability while maintaining its activity. Two new thermostabilizing mutations were identified. These, along with the 12 mutations previously identified, were subjected to saturation mutagenesis using the parent enzyme or the engineered thermostable variant 12× as a template, followed by screening of variants with increased thermostability. Of the 12 previously identified sites, 6 yielded new variants with improved stability over the parent enzyme. Several mutations were found to be context‐dependent. On the basis of molecular modeling and biochemical analysis, various mechanisms of thermostabilization were identified. Combining the most thermostabilizing mutation at each site resulted in a variant that showed a 100‐fold increase in half‐life at 62°C over the 12× mutant. The final mutant has improved the half‐life of thermal inactivation at 45°C by 23,000‐fold over the parent enzyme. The engineered phosphite dehydrogenase will be useful in NAD(P)H regeneration. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 268–274. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diamine modification of P84 polyimide membranes for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol (2006)

Abstract The effectiveness of chemical crosslinking modification of P84 copolyimide membranes using diamine compounds for pervaporation dehydration has been investigated, and the scheme to enhance separation performance of asymmetric polyimide membranes has been developed. Two diamine crosslinking agents, p‐xylenediamine and ethylenediamine (EDA), were used in this study for both dense and asymmetric P84 membranes. Experimental results suggest that the crosslinking reaction induced by EDA is much faster than that by p‐xylenediamine because the former has a smaller and linear structure than that of the latter. However, membranes crosslinked by p‐xylenediamine are thermally more stable than those by EDA. Membranes modified by p‐xylenediamine or EDA have increased hydrophilicity. An increase in the degree of crosslinking reaction initially results in an increase in separation factor with the compensation of lower flux for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol (IPA). However, a further increase in the degree of crosslinking reaction may swell up the polymeric chains because of the hydrophilic nature of these diamine compounds, thus resulting in low separation performance. It is found that post treatment after crosslinking reaction can significantly enhance as well as tailor membrane performance because of the formation of charge transfer complexes (CTCs) and the enhanced degree of crosslinking reaction. A low‐temperature heat treatment may develop pervaporation membranes with high flux and medium separation factor, whereas a high‐temperature heat treatment may produce membranes with high separation factor with medium flux. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Management of localized prostate cancer. (2004)

The optimum management of clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate remains controversial. The more aggressive approaches involving radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy have generally been applied in the United States. In Western Europe and particularly Scandinavia, watchful waiting has been primarily advocated. A landmark publication by Johansson and colleagues reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1997 demonstrated that without initial treatment, only a small proportion of patients actually died from prostate cancer within 15 years of diagnosis.1
FFD bin packing for item sizes with distributions on [0,1/2] (1986)

We study the expected behavior of the FFD binpacking algorithm applied to items whose sizes are distributed in accordance with a Poisson process with rate N on the interval [0,1/2] of item sizes. By viewing the algorithm as a succession of queueing processes we show that the expected wasted space for FFD bin-packing is bounded above by 9.4 bins, independent of N. We extend this upper bound to a FFD bin-packing of items in accordance with a non-homogeneous Poisson process with a nonincreasing intensity function λ(t) on [0,1/2].
Interne Gallenwegsdrainage mit selbstexpandierenden Metallstents bei benigner und maligner Gallenwegsobstruktion (1993)

Within a 4-year period, 24 patients were treated by internal biliary drainage using self-expanding wall stents. In 3 patients, a benign and in 21 patients a malignant obstruction were present. The stents were successfully placed in all cases with an incomplete tumour coverage in three cases. Complete relief of icteric symptoms was seen in 18 out of 24 cases. Acute complications requiring additional treatment occurred in 5 patients. Average survival time was 93 days for malignant disease and 26 months for benign lesions. Cumulative patency after 200 days was 63% for stents placed in malignant obstructions. Stents in benign obstructions remained open in all cases.
Guaifenesin- and Ephedrine-Induced Stones (1999)

Individuals consuming large quantities of preparations containing ephedrine and guaifenesin may be at risk to develop stones derived mainly from metabolites of guaifenesin and small quantities of ephedrine. These patients may be prone to drug or alcohol dependency.
Supercapacitor Behavior of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Neutral Aqueous Electrolytes (2015)

Hexagonal CeO2 nanoparticles have been prepared through the hydrothermal method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant. The structural and morphological studies have been made using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The electrochemical behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles was investigated using cyclic votammetry (CV), charge–discharge (CHDH) studies, and alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy in different neutral electrolytes, such as NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, and K2SO4. Maximum specific capacitance of 523 F g–1 was attained with the NaCl electrolyte at 2 mV s–1. The capacitance values obtained with various electrolytes are in the order of NaCl > Na2SO4 > KCl > K2SO4. CHDH and impedance analyses further confirm this behavior. After 2000 cycles of charging and discharging, only 18% degradation in the specific capacitance could be observed. All of the electrochemical studies indicate the NaCl aqueous electrolyte to be most suited electrolyte for CeO2 supercapacitor electrodes.
IDDF2018-ABS-0026 Persistence and adherence of anti-tumour necrosis factor (tnf) biologics for inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) in australia (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA) induce and sustain IBD clinical remission, but their adherence and persistence are yet to be characterised in the Australian population. These markers are surrogates for treatment efficacy and determinants of cost-effectiveness. We analysed real-world dispensing of IFX and ADA for IBD in Australia using national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data. <h3>Methods</h3> 10 year national PBS data obtained (2005–2015). Non-persistence defined as no ADA and IFX prescriptions for 6 and 7 months respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis conducted with Cox regression adjusting for age, gender and state. Adherence defined as mean possession ratio (MPR) &gt;0.8, with yearly MPR and Chi-squared analysis. Initiation and maintenance phases determined by PBS codes with dose-intervals corrected. <h3>Results</h3> Persistence for IFX and ADA: 77% and 79% (6 months), 68% and 69% (12 months), and 50% and 52% (3 years) respectively (IDDF2018-ABS-0026 Figure 1. Kaplan meier curve of persistence for ifx-and ada); no statistical differences in persistence observed (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.75–1.43, p=0.84, table 1). Those younger than 20 (HR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.15–3.74, p=0.02) and older than 61 (HR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.11–3.59, p=0.02) had double discontinuation risks than reference age (41–50). Patients in Victoria had greater persistence than New South Wales (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.99, p=0.04). Maximal discontinuation within first 1–6 months (IFX 23%, ADA 17%). IFX had higher MPR than ADA (IDDF2018-ABS-0026 Figure 2. Mean yearly mpr for ifx and ada): year 1: 0.92, 0.79 (p&lt;0.001); year 2: 0.93, 0.86 (p=0.012), year 3: 0.99, 0.94 (p=0.047). 65% and 84% of patients were adherent for ADA and IFX respectively (p&lt;0.001); differences driven by initiation therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Persistence and adherence for anti-TNFs among Australian IBD sufferers are suboptimal, with better adherence for IFX than ADA. There was comparable persistence between the biologics, with poorer persistence in the elderly suggesting its use as bridging therapy for surgery to avoid long-term immunosuppression. Discontinuation was determined by the first six months, with geographical heterogeneity identified. Personalised interventions should be developed to improve adherence through anti-TNF selection, education, empowerment and follow-up.