gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synaptic reorganization in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus following damage to visual cortex in newborn or adult cats (1987)

We have studied the effects of making large lesions of visual cortex on the synaptic organization of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in the cat. Visual cortex was removed at birth in one group of cats and during adulthood in a second group. Following survival periods of 6 months to 2 years, the organization of synapses made by afferents from the retina in the LGN was investigated quantitatively with the electron microscope. In single thin sections we determined the percentage of retinal axon terminals that made synapses in the LGN, the average number of synapses made by each retinal axon terminal, and the identity of each postsynaptic process. These measurements were made separately for retinogeniculate connections in the A and C laminae of the LGN. For comparison, similar sets of measurements were made in adult cats that had been reared normally. When single thin sections from the A or C laminae of the LGN in normal cats are examined, about 60% of the axon terminals from the retina are seen to make at least one synaptic contact. These contacts can be with dendrites or F profiles or both. On average, each retinogeniculate terminal makes approximately 1.4 synapses in the plane of a single section and contacts dendrites three times as often as F profiles. In the A laminae of the LGN in cats that received a visual cortex lesion at birth or in adulthood, the percentage of retinal terminals that make synapses is the same as in normal cats. Similarly, the average number of synaptic contacts made by each retinogeniculate terminal is not changed by a lesion of visual cortex. In contrast, the number of contacts made with dendrites is reduced markedly, by about 29% after a lesion at birth and 53% after a lesion as an adult. However, these reductions are offset by compensatory increases in the number of contacts made with F profiles, and thus the mean number of contacts made by each retinogeniculate terminal is stabilized at a normal value. In the C laminae of the LGN, retinogeniculate terminals also reapportion their synaptic contacts. In cats with a lesion during adulthood, the redistribution of synapses is compensatory, as in the A laminae. When a lesion is made at birth, however, the number of new retinal contacts made with F profiles exceeds the number of dendritic contacts that are lost. As a result, each retinogeniculate terminal makes about 26% more synapses, in total, than normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Supervised Learning Algorithm for Information Extraction from Textual Data (2004)

In this article we present a supervised learning algorithm for the discovery of finite state automata, in the form of regular expressions, in textual data. The automata generate languages that consist of various representations of features useful in information extraction. We have successfully applied this learning technique in the extraction of textual features from police incident reports [2]. In this article we present the result of the application of our algorithm in extraction of the `problem solved&amp;apos; in patents. The `problem solved&amp;apos; in a patent identifies the particular solution to an insufficiency in prior art that the patent addresses.
Cloning of cDNA encoding the pre-beta subunit of mouse thyrotropin. (1983)

Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from sucrose gradient-purified poly(A)+ mRNA from a mouse thyrotropic tumor, inserted into the Pst I site of plasmid pBR322 by using poly(dC) . poly(dG) homopolymeric extensions, and cloned in Escherichia coli RRI. Plasmids containing cDNA sequences coding for the beta subunit of thyrotropin (TSH) were identified by cell-free translation of hybrid-selected mRNA and immunoprecipitation with specific antibody to TSH beta subunit. Determination of the nucleotide sequence of one cDNA, 595 base pairs in length, allowed us to deduce the entire amino acid sequence of the mouse TSH beta subunit. The pre-beta subunit contains a 20-amino acid amino-terminal signal sequence followed by a 118-amino acid mature TSH beta subunit. There is 85-90% homology in amino acid sequence between mouse TSH beta subunit and subunits from man, pig, and cow; however, the mouse subunit contains an additional 5 or 6 amino acids at its carboxyl terminus compared to the bovine or human and pig subunits, respectively. TSH beta-subunit mRNA from mouse thyrotropic tumor was estimated to be 750 nucleotides in length by hybridization with labeled TSH beta-subunit cDNA.
Ternary Complexes from Cu(II)–Oligopeptide and N-Acetyl-l-histidine, as Studied by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy (2004)

Abstract The Cu(II) complexes of oligopeptides, Cu(H−iL); i = 1, 2, or 3, reacted with N-acetyl-l-histidine (AHis) to form ternary complexes, Cu(H−jL)(AHis); j = 1 or 2. The Cu(H−1L) species formed Cu(H−1L)(AHis), which was either dimerized to [Cu(H−1L)]2(AHis−) or converted stepwise to Cu(AHis)n; n = 3, 4. The reaction of the Cu(H−2L) or Cu(H−3L) species with AHis led to the formation of Cu(H−2L)(AHis), and the formation constants of the ternary complexes were small, on the magnitude of 10−1–101 M−1.
Proenkephalin, an Opioid System Surrogate, as a Novel Comprehensive Renal Marker in Heart Failure (2019)

Higher PENK levels are associated with more severe HF, with glomerular and tubular renal dysfunction, with incidence of a deterioration of kidney function, and with mortality. These findings suggest that the opioid system might be involved in deteriorating kidney function in HF.
Fibrosis of Corpus Cavernosum After Intracavernous Injection of Phentolamine/Papaverine (1987)

Intracavernous self-injection with vasoactive drugs is a new treatment for impotence. Although few reports of side effects have been published complications such as priapism and fibrosis of the spongy tissue are of concern. We report a case of penile fibrosis after intracavernous self-injection of a combination of phentolamine and papaverine.
Seed/Catalyst Free Growth and Self-Powered Photoresponse of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanorods on Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets (2016)

The seed/catalyst-free and selective-growth process is developed for in situ grown single-crystalline and vertically aligned ZnO nanorods on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. In this process, the position of ZnO nanorod arrays correlates well with the size and position of rGO nanosheets, which is strongly depended on both dangling bonds such as oxygen-containing groups on rGO surface and the step edges in rGO boundaries. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to report that in situ ZnO/rGO nanohybrids perform self-powered and fast (the response time of 0.1 s and the recovery time of 0.2 s) photoresponse to ultraviolet light. The fast and self-powered photocurrent generation can be attributed to the Schottky contact at the rGO/ZnO interface. These results demonstrate an effective way to promote the wide applications in light energy harvesting devices based on semiconductor/graphene hybrids including solar cells, photodetectors, sensors and photocatalysis.
An intuitive control console for robotic surgery system (2014)

An intuitive control console for a minimally invasive surgical robotic system has been developed. The system has five degrees of freedom (DOF), which are configured to imitate the traditional laparoscopic forceps both in appearance and function, providing the surgeons with a familiar feel and reducing the training time for the new surgeons. A prototype of the control console was built and tested for a standard forceps grasping task in a virtual-reality surgery training system. The results show that the virtual forceps follows the motion trajectory of the control console in real time and with good precision.
Advances in children's speech recognition with application to interactive literacy tutors (2006)

Speech technology offers great opportunity in the field of automated literacy and reading tutors for children. In such applications speech recognition can be used to track the reading position of the child, detect oral reading miscues, and even play an important, role in assessing comprehension or engaging the child in interactive dialogs for learning. Despite such promises, speech recognition systems exhibit higher error rates for children due to variabilities in vocal tract length, formant frequency, pronunciation, and grammar. In the context of recognizing speech while children are reading out loud, these problems are compounded by speech production behaviors affected by difficulties in recognizing words that cause pauses, repeated syllables, and other phenomena. This thesis presents advances in speech recognition that improve accuracy and modeling capability in the context of an interactive literacy tutor for children. This thesis presents a novel set of speech recognition techniques which can be applied to improve oral reading tracking. First, it is demonstrated that speech recognition error rates for interactive read-aloud can be reduced by more than 45% through a combination of advances in both statistical language and acoustic modeling. Next, this thesis proposes extending the baseline system by introducing a novel token-passing search architecture targeting subword-unit-based speech recognition. The proposed subword-unit-based speech recognition framework is shown to provide equivalent accuracy to a whole-word-based speech recognizer while enabling detection of oral reading events and finer grained speech analysis during recognition. The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated using data collected from children in 3 rd through 5th grade: namely 39.4% of partial words with reasonable evidence in the speech signal are detected at a low false alarm rate of 0.9%. Subword-unit-based speech recognition is extended to a large vocabulary task and its advantages for tight search beams is demonstrated when compared to word-based recognition. Finally, Subword units are shown to represent a valuable pool of potential distractors in the language modeling part of pronunciation verification tasks.
Integration of Cd(Zn)Se/ZnSe and GaN‐based lasers for optoelectronic applications in a green spectral range (2004)

Cd(Zn)Se/ZnSe green (λ = 510–530 nm) lasers have been investigated in wide temperature and power ranges under pulsed optical excitation. The minimum laser threshold, maximum external quantum efficiency and maximum output power have been found to be 10 kW/cm2, 12%, and 20 W, respectively, in heterostructures with multiple CdSe quantum disc sheets in an active region. The high temperature stability of threshold power densities (T0 = 330 K up to 100 °C) has been observed. For the optical excitation of the green lasers, optically-pumped InGaN/GaN quantum well heterostructures grown on Si (111) substrates has been used for the first time. The conversion coefficient of energy is about 0.01. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Internal energy content of ions in a travelling wave ion guide (2010)

Travelling wave ion guides (TWIGs) separate of ions according to their mobility and, at constant charge, according to their shape. The ion mobility separation itself should not modify the shape of the systems investigated. It was recently suggested by Shvartsburg et al. that the higher fields used in TWIGs than in traditional drift tubes would cause significant heating of the ions. We present a quantitative analysis of the amount of internal energy imparted to ions as they are separated in TWIGs. Benzylpyridinium ions were chosen as “thermometer” ions. Based on arrival time distributions, the fragment ion population is separated as a function of the place of formation: before, in, or after the TWIG. Fragmentation all along the TWIG was observed. The roles of the travelling wave’s voltage, speed, and of the gas nature and pressure will be discussed in detail as well of the consequences on instruments performances.
Une architecture pour le jeu musical virtuel réparti avec jMax et RTP (2003)

International audience
Moving from Evidence to Implementation of Breakthrough Therapies for Diabetic Kidney Disease (2022)

Diabetic kidney disease is the most frequent cause of kidney failure, accounting for half of all cases worldwide. Moreover, deaths from diabetic kidney disease increased 106% between 1990 and 2013, with most attributed to cardiovascular disease. Recommended screening and monitoring for diabetic kidney disease are conducted in less than half of patients with diabetes. Standard-of-care treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker is correspondingly low. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid antagonist are highly effective therapies to reduce kidney and cardiovascular risks in diabetic kidney disease. However, <20% of eligible patients are receiving these agents. Critical barriers are high out-of-pocket drug costs and low reimbursement rates. Data demonstrating clinical and cost-effectiveness of diabetic kidney disease care are needed to garner payer and health care system support. The pharmaceutical industry should collaborate on value-based care by increasing access through affordable drug prices. Additionally, multidisciplinary models and communication technologies tailored to individual health care systems are needed to support optimal diabetic kidney disease care. Community outreach efforts are also central to make care accessible and equitable. Finally, it is imperative that patient preferences and priorities shape implementation strategies. Access to care and implementation of breakthrough therapies for diabetic kidney disease can save millions of lives by preventing kidney failure, cardiovascular events, and premature death. Coalitions composed of patients, families, community groups, health care professionals, health care systems, federal agencies, and payers are essential to develop collaborative models that successfully address this major public health challenge.
Sensory neurons safeguard from mutational inheritance by controlling the CEP-1/p53-mediated DNA damage response in primordial germ cells (2022)

Abstract The genome integrity control in primordial germ cells (PGCs) is prerequisite for the inheritance of stable genomes. The PGCs in C. elegans are embedded in a somatic niche that regulates its DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that the AMPK-like kinases KIN-29 and AAK-2 are required for arresting PGCs carrying persistent DNA damage. We determined that the ASI neurons, which sense environmental conditions such as nutrient availability, secrete the TGF-beta-like ligand DAF-7 that is recognized by the DAF-1 receptor in PGCs. ASI-dependent DAF-7 signaling regulates the induction of CEP-1/p53 in the PGCs amid persistent DNA damage. Using single worm whole genome sequencing, we establish that defective ASI control of the CEP-1/p53-regulated DDR in PGCs ultimately results in the inheritance of de novo germline mutations. Our results indicate that sensory neurons safeguard from the inheritance of germline mutations suggesting the possibility that perception of the environment could direct genetic inheritance. One sentence summary The ASI sensory neurons regulate the CEP-1/p53-dependent DNA damage response of primordial germ cells via TGF-beta signaling and influence inherited mutational burden.
The Making of Bikini Glass in Bida, Nigeria: Ethnography, Chemical Composition, and Archaeology (2022)

Abstract This paper discusses the process, prospects, and challenges of making bikini glass in Bida (Nupeland), central Nigeria. The Masagá glassmakers of Bida provide the ideal case study for investigating the production of bikini . Nineteenth-century Arab and European writings have described glassmaking in Nupeland; however, with the exception of the study carried out by Peter Robertshaw and his colleagues in 2009, there is no work that identifies the raw materials and formula used to produce bikini glass. Our recent ethnographic work at Bida provided the opportunities to collect raw glass, beads, and unfused raw material for bikini glass as well as vitrified furnace wall fragments for analysis. We present results of binocular observation and chemical compositional analysis conducted on the raw materials, glass products, and furnace remains to understand the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of various materials connected with the production of bikini . From the manufacture of glass to that of glass ornaments, bracelets, and beads, the documentation of the work of Masagá glassmakers provides new data for the history of glass and its techniques. This information is relevant for understanding glassworking in the past. The paper also addresses issues relating to migration, technology transfer, and culture contact between Nupeland and its neighbors in the Lower Niger region. It argues that the investigation of the production of bikini glass in Bida is essential for expanding our knowledge of the archaeology of glassmaking and glassworking in Sub-Saharan Africa and beyond.
Separation of interleaved Markov chains (2014)

We study the problem of separating interleaved sequences from discrete-time finite Markov chains. Previous work has considered the setting where the Markov chains participating in the interleaving have disjoint alphabets. In this work, we consider the more general setting where the component chains' alphabets can overlap. We formulate the problem as a hidden Markov model (HMM) and develop a deinterleaving algorithm by modifying classical HMM estimation techniques to take advantage of the special structure of our deinterleaving problem. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Acetaminophen for Fever in Critically Ill Patients with Suspected Infection (2015)

Early administration of acetaminophen to treat fever due to probable infection did not affect the number of ICU-free days. (Funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand and others; HEAT Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12612000513819.).
Direction and Reverberation Preserving Noise Reduction of Ambisonics Signals (2020)

Ambisonics encodes the directional information of a sound field w.r.t. a reference position in an efficient and scalable way. However, the sound field might contain undesired noise. Reducing the noise while preserving the directional distribution of all sound field components is a challenging task. Recently, the present authors proposed a direction-preserving noise reduction method for higher-order Ambisonics (HOA) signals, which, in contrast to e.g. binaural beamforming methods, yields a HOA signal at the output. In this work, we investigate the direction-preserving noise reduction method further and compare it against a beamforming-based method and the matrix multi-channel Wiener filter. Different methods to estimate the power spectral densities which are needed for the noise reduction methods are discussed. Moreover, a method to preserve the reverberation of the desired signal is proposed. In the evaluation, the discussed methods are compared for different speech sources in anechoic and reverberant conditions and different noise types.
Sistemas de manufactura flexible: Un enfoque estructural (1986)

PAGINAS de la U. C.P. R... entregan a los participantes del Congreso de SOCIA, el texto de la Conferencia del Profesor Cesar Jaramillo, Director del Departamento de Informatica U.C.P.R. Durante este congreso de SOCIA, que se cumple en la ciudad de Manizales, se trasmiten ideas, se dan luces, se hacen analisis sobre la problematica industrial colombiana.

La mutacion desde nuestra condicion netamente agricola a la tan deseada condicion de pais industrializado, no ha encontrado un avance estable. Un ano damos un paso adelante, y otro no damos ningun paso, y a lo mejor otro ano el paso es hacia atras.

Hablemos de Industria, ha acogido la ponencia presentada por Cesar Jaramillo y la pone a consideracion de los miembros de SOCIA. 

PAGINAS. ..de la U.C.P.R., ha acogido el texto que se encuentra a continuacion.
Trepanning or trephines: a history of bone marrow biopsy (2007)

Trepanning of bone is the oldest known procedure carried out by man and yet it is only in the last 100 years that we have made use of the technique to diagnose and treat haematological disorders. These advances have been made possible by improvements in instruments, techniques, anaesthesia, laboratory processing and the expertise of haematologists to report the specimens. With the advent of immunological markers and molecular biology, the need for quality bone marrow specimens, if anything, has increased. It will be many years before the bone marrow aspiration/trephine procedure is relegated to the annals of history.
Advanced beamline automation for biological crystallography experiments (2006)

An automated crystal-mounting/alignment system has been developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and has been installed on three of the protein-crystallography experimental stations at the Advanced Light Source (ALS); it is currently being implemented at synchrotron crystallography beamlines at CHESS, NSLS and the APS. The benefits to using an automounter system include (i) optimization of the use of synchrotron beam time, (ii) facilitation of advanced data-collection techniques, (iii) collection of higher quality data, (iv) reduction of the risk to crystals and (v) exploration of systematic studies of experimental protocols. Developments on the next-generation automounter with improvements in robustness, automated alignment and sample tracking are under way, with an end-to-end data-flow process being developed to allow remote data collection and monitoring.
Gradient descent bit-flipping based on penalty factor for decoding LDPC codes over symmetric alpha-stable noise channels (2017)

A modified gradient descent bit-flipping (GDBF) algorithm is proposed for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the symmetric alpha-stable (SaS) impulsive noise channel. To simplify the log-likelihood rate (LLR) computational implement, this paper introduces a linear approximation of the LLR for the SaS impulsive noise. Combined with the linear approximation, the new algorithm introduces a penalty factor into the syndrome components of the inversion function. Simulation results show that the GDBF algorithm based on the penalty factor performs better than GDBF algorithm.
Effects of Equipment Dimensions on Liquid Mixing Time of Bubble Column with Draft Tube. (1998)

The liquid mixing time of a bubble column with a draft tube is experimentally studied. The diameter and height of the column, the diameter and length of the draft tube, and the mode of sparging gas were changed and the liquid mixing time was measured.The lengths of bottom and top clearances have significant effects on the liquid mixing time. The liquid mixing time increases with increasing column aspect ratio of height to diameter. The liquid mixing time of the bubble column with a draft tube is longer than that of a standard bubble column when the column aspect ratio is relatively high. The liquid mixing time has a minimum when the diameter ratio of draft tube to column is 0.5 to 0.6. These effects of equipment dimensions are expressed by an equation. In the experiment using different solutions, the liquid mixing time becomes shorter with increasing liquid surface tension, or with increasing liquid viscosity.