gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Structural Role for the Synaptobrevin 2 Transmembrane Domain in Dense-Core Vesicle Fusion Pores (2015)

Ca(2+)-triggered release of neurotransmitters and hormones depends on soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) to drive the fusion of the vesicle and plasma membranes. The formation of the SNARE complex by the vesicle SNARE synaptobrevin 2 (syb2) and the two plasma membrane SNAREs syntaxin (syx) and SNAP-25 draws the two membranes together, but the events that follow membrane juxtaposition, and the ways that SNAREs remodel lipid membranes remain poorly understood. The SNAREs syx and syb2 have transmembrane domains (TMDs) that can exert force directly on the lipid bilayers. The TMD of syx influences fusion pore flux in a manner that suggests it lines the nascent fusion pore through the plasma membrane. The TMD of syb2 traverses the vesicle membrane and is the most likely partner to syx in completing a proteinaceous fusion pore through the vesicle membrane, but the role of this vesicle SNARE in fusion pores has yet to be tested. Here amperometry and conductance measurements were performed to probe the function of the syb2 TMD in fusion pores formed during catecholamine exocytosis in mouse chromaffin cells. Fusion pore flux was sensitive to the size and charge of TMD residues near the N terminus; fusion pore conductance was altered by substitutions at these sites. Unlike syx, the syb2 residues that influence fusion pore permeation fell along two α-helical faces of its TMD, rather than one. These results indicate a role for the syb2 TMD in nascent fusion pores, but in a very different structural arrangement from that of the syx TMD.
Effect of Supramalleolar Varus and Valgus Deformities on the Tibiotalar Joint: A Cadaveric Study (2011)

Our findings underline the complexity of asymmetric osteoarthritis of the ankle joint. In addition, results from this study provide useful information for future basic research on coronal plane deformity of the hindfoot and for determining appropriate surgical approaches.
Mucosal Transmission and Induction of Simian AIDS by CCR5-Specific Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV SF162P3 (2001)

Nonhuman primate models are increasingly used in the screening of candidate AIDS vaccine and immunization strategies for advancement to large-scale human trials. The predictive value of such macaque studies is largely dependent upon the fidelity of the model system in mimicking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection in terms of viral transmission, replication, and pathogenesis. Herein, we describe the efficient mucosal transmission of a CCR5-specific chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus, SHIV(SF162P3). Female rhesus macaques were infected with SHIV(SF162P3) after a single atraumatic application to the cervicovaginal mucosa. The disease course of SHIV(SF162P3)-infected monkeys is similar and as varied as natural HIV infection in terms of viral replication, gradual loss of CD4(+) peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the development of simian AIDS-defining opportunistic infections. The SHIV(SF162P3)/macaque model should facilitate direct preclinical assessment of HIV vaccine strategies in addition to antiviral compounds directed towards envelope target cell interactions. Furthermore, this controlled model provides the setting to investigate immunologic responses and putative host-specific susceptibility factors that alter viral transmission and subsequent disease progression.
여행상품 및 여행자 특성에 따른 소비행동 단계별 위험지각 (2001)

This research is to integrally explain consuming behavior process of package tour and perceived risk of tourist throughout researching difference by each level based on consuming behavior step, tourist`s perceived risk level and level difference. Study model is decided on the basis of the result of pre-practical study on content obtained from theoretical study throughout literature and practical research and analysis throughout posing a question depending on study model was carried out. Giving a concise explanation of study result, Perceived risk of tourist can be measured per 3 steps and pre-perceived risk could be classified between one before purchase-choice time and before attending tour. And perceived risk of tourist has little difference according to his behavior step and while his behavior process is going on, perceived risk level is getting down without financial perceived risk. It can made perceived risk level decreased by their struggle to getting information, adjusting risk-tolerance level of tourist, non-existence of real risk factor, high level of pre-perceived risk.
A spread-spectrum multiaccess system with cochannel interference cancellation for multipath fading channels (1993)

The authors propose and analyze a direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiaccess (DS/SSMA) receiver that employs a cascade of cochannel interference (CCl) cancellers for communication over multipath fading channels. The receiver first coherently demodulates and despreads the received signal to produce correlator outputs and initial data estimates. Based on these estimates, the cancellation scheme essentially creates replicas of the contributions of the CCl embedded in the correlator outputs and removes them for a second improved hard data decision. By repeating this operation over and over, a cascade of CCl cancellers is derived. Through theoretical analysis and simulation, the authors investigate the canceller's bit error rate (BER) performance in both the absence and presence of errors in the amplitude and phase estimates of each user's received signal. Numerical results show the considerably large improvement in performance that can be attained by the cancellation scheme, even under partially degraded estimates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Uterine-Specific Knockout of Tsc-2: A Mouse Model for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2013)

Abstract : Our goal was to develop and characterize a mouse model for the disease lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). This disease is found almost exclusively in women and is due to a mutation in one of the two TSC suppressor genes. Women with LAM develop smooth muscle-like tumors in the lungs that grow progressively, often leading to lung failure. Evidence suggested that these tumors do not originate in the lungs but instead are metastatic from another location in the body. Our hypothesis was that lung LAM tumors were actually metastatic from smooth muscle myometrial cells in the uterus, thus explaining both the appearance of the LAM cells as well as the overwhelming female prevalence. Thus, we created a uterine-specific TSC-2 knockout mouse. These mice developed uterine tumors that were completely dependent on estrogen for growth. Importantly, as mice aged above 30 weeks, 75% of them developed myometrial lung tumors that shared many features consistent with LAM. These data were just published in and featured on the cover of the September, 2013 issue of Molecular Endocrinology. This is an exciting new model, and we hope to use it to both better understand LAM and to help test novel treatment options for LAM.
Validation of the MTI water surface temperature retrieval algorithms (2003)

The Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) is a satellite based push-broom imager that images in fifteen spectral bands from the visible into the long wavelength infrared. Five of its bands operate in the thermal infrared: J, 3.5-4.1 /spl mu/m; K, 4.9-5.1 /spl mu/m; L, 8.0-8.4 /spl mu/m; M, 8.4-8.8 /spl mu/m; and N, 10.2-10.7 /spl mu/m. These bands allow the retrieval of water temperatures with a nominal ground sampling distance of 20 m. Several different algorithms have been developed to do retrievals with these bands. Comparisons with lake and ocean buoy data have been used to validate these algorithms.
Practical application of the neuroregenerative properties of ketamine: real world treatment experience (2016)

While controversial, ketamine has emerged as an effective treatment for refractory depression. Serial infusions have been performed 3 times per week, but our practical experience has challenged this precept concerning infusion frequency. Depression is associated with neuron loss, reduced synapse numbers, and dearborization of dendrites. Ketamine appears to potently induce mechanisms which reverse these neurodegenerative processes. Ketamine not only blocks the glutamate receptor, it activates eukaroyotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). This, in turn, activates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein synthesis. This is thought to underlie ketamine's enduring benefits. In addition, ketamine alters glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylation, probably responsible for its rapid antidepressant effect. Notably, inhibition of the BDNF receptor does not block the immediate benefits of ketamine, but does prevent the enduring effects. Neuro-Luminance Ketamine Infusion Centers have been treating patients with serial ketamine infusions for over three years. Our methods differ from what is often reported, as we perform infusions only once per week and generally do not perform more than five infusions. Data from 100 patients showed that 80% of the patients responded. The baseline Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) score was 17.8 ± 2.8. Responders to ketamine showed a drop in QIDS-SR score of 10.8 ± 3.5, while non-responders showed a 0.8 ± 1.8 change. Moreover, they often had persistent benefits over several months. Recently, it was proposed that psychotomimetic effects are necessary during a ketamine infusion to yield effective antidepressant benefits. Yet, only one patient in our clinic has experienced hallucinations in three years. Nevertheless, 80% of our patients show clinical improvement. Further studies of clinical methods for ketamine infusion therapy are encouraged.
Fine-needle aspiration of low grade adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast (1996)

Low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma is an unusual variant of mammary carcinoma. This malignancy generally presents as a palpable mass without mammographic microcalcifications, and fine-needle aspiration may be the initial technique selected for diagnosis. To our knowledge, the cytologic findings associated with this neoplasm have not been reported. We report a case of low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast in a 57-yr-old woman, initially studied by fine-needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by excisional biopsy. The aspiration biopsy smears were characterized by low cellularity and small disoriented clusters containing uniform cells of small to medium size. Bipolar cells were not seen in the background. The diagnostic features and differential diagnosis of this unusual neoplasm are reviewed.
Preparation of Copper (Cu)-Nickel (Ni) Alloy Thin Films for Bilayer Graphene Growth (2016)

Co-sputtered copper Cu-nickel Ni alloys with layered thin-film ratios of 61, 41, and 31 were developed for use as a catalyst for the growth of graphene. A design of experiments was initiated with 3 tasks to complete 1 metal preparation designed to achieve preferred 111 oriented films, 2 alloying of the layered films, and 3 the synthesis of AB-stacked quality bilayer graphene via low-pressure chemical vapor deposition LPCVD. This report covers the analysis of the first 2 tasks by revealing the detailed morphological changes in the metal surfaces such as roughness, grain size, and crystal orientation due to the effects of annealing temperature, hydrogen H2argon Ar gas ratio, and pressure. These variables are expected to have a major impact on the growth of graphene for different Cu-Ni thin-film concentrations.
Hepatitis B third‐generation vaccines: improved response and conventional vaccine non‐response – evidence for genetic basis in humans (1998)

The lack of response to hepatitis B vaccination remains a problem for those individuals directly at risk of hepatitis B infection, particularly those who work in the health care industry. The factors associated with non-response to hepatitis B vaccination have been investigated in 86 non-responder health care workers who had received multiple 'S' vaccinations without sustained production of anti-HBs. This group received a recently developed hepatitis B vaccine, Hepagene, which included proteins derived from the envelope region of HBV, not present in currently licensed vaccines. The pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins were included in Hepagene in order to circumvent anti-HBs non-responsiveness which had previously been demonstrated in the inbred mouse model. The inclusion of these additional proteins in Hepagene enabled some seroconverion, from non-responder to responder; however, a proportion of the vaccinees remained non-responders and the reasons for this have been investigated here, with reference to HLA alleles and the demographic predisposition. Here the mechanisms that underlie hepatitis B vaccine non-response have considered the distribution of HLA alleles, age, sex, height and weight in addition to the T-cell responses to Hepagene derived antigens.
Bacteriuria in cats with feline lower urinary tract disease: A clinical study of 134 cases in Norway (2007)

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is considered to be one of the most common diagnoses in feline patients. Several authors have concluded that feline idiopathic cystitis is the most common cause of FLUTD, whereas infectious cystitis is diagnosed in only 2% of the cases. In the period from January 2003 to February 2005, 134 cats that presented with signs of lower urinary tract disorders were included in a study at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science. Ninety-seven percent were first opinion cases. All the cats went through a physical examination, and blood samples were collected for haematology and clinical chemistry. The urine analysis included urine stix, specific gravity, microscopic examination of the sediment and microbiological culturing. The urine samples were collected as voided mid-stream urine samples, by catheter or by cystocentesis and the method used was registered. Of the 134 cats included in the study, 37% were diagnosed as having obstructive and 63% as having non-obstructive FLUTD. In total 44 cats (33%) were diagnosed with bacteriuria, exceeding 10(3) colony forming units per millilitre (cfu/ml) and 33 (25%) of these cats had bacterial growth exceeding 10(4) cfu/ml, either alone or in combination with crystals and/or uroliths. Six cats (18%) with bacterial growth exceeding 10(4) cfu/ml were older than 8 years. No significant difference was found between the sampling methods performed with regard to bacteriuria. This study indicates that bacteriuria may have been underdiagnosed in Norwegian cats with clinical signs of FLUTD. It also confirms the importance of microbiological culturing in first opinion cases with FLUTD and that a skilled operator can get representative samples regardless the choice of method.
EVALUATION OF INHIBITORS FOR CORROSION CONTROL OF CANADIAN FORCES SHIPS' AIR CONDITIONING HYDRONIC WATER SYSTEMS (1986)

Canadian Forces ships use air conditioning plants that supply hydronic water via a network of pipes, fittings and pumps that distribute the water to fan coil units throughout the ship. Hydronic water is a 90:10 mixture of fresh water and ethylene glycol which is chilled to 4.4 C by the air conditioning plants, or heated to 60 C by hot water converters. A hydronic water system is designed to be fabricated from copper or copper alloy components to minimize corrosion. As a result of an investigation of the plugging of hydronic system strainers and small orifices with hydrated iron oxide, which resulted in reducing the effectiveness of the air conditioning system, some parts of the system were found to be fabricated from mild steel. Corrosion of steel parts produces hydrated iron oxide deposits and sludges, and additional corrosion control of theses parts in either oxygen rich or oxygen deficient hydronic water environments is necessary. This report describes the results of some corrosion rate measurements that were conducted using the polarization resistance technique, to evaluate the effectiveness of various chemical inhibitor combinations and concentrations for corrosion control of steel components in oxygen rich/oxygen deficient hydronic water.
Soldaten van God (2021)

Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.
Stabilisation of polytopic singularly perturbed linear systems (2011)

This article deals with two time-scale polytopic linear systems in the singular perturbation form and in discrete-time. The aim is to propose well-conditioned convex conditions for stability analysis and control design. As the classical LTI time-scale separation-based approach is not successful in the case of polytopic singularly perturbed systems, our method leads to linear matrix inequality conditions independent of the singular perturbation parameter and offers an interesting solution from a numerical point of view. In addition, the conservatism of the proposed approach is limited as it is based on parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. A numerical example taken from the literature illustrates the effectiveness of the given stabilisation conditions.
Switching Response Optimization for Cylinder Deactivation with Type II Passenger Car Applications (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An advanced Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) system is optimized for response time in order to provide robust switching at high engine speeds. The VVA system considered is Cylinder Deactivation (CDA) for the purpose of improving fuel economy. Specifically, a Switching Roller Finger Follower (SRFF) on a Dual Overhead Camshaft (DOHC) engine is optimized for cylinder deactivation. The objective of this work is to (1) improve the latch response time when the system response is the slowest, and (2) balance the “ON” and “OFF” response time. A proper tradeoff was established to provide the minimum switching time such that deactivation and reactivation occurs seamlessly and in the right sequence. The response time optimization is accomplished while maintaining the existing packaging space of the overhead. A camshaft with a single lobe per SRFF device on a type II valvetrain was used as the baseline configuration for this study. A hydraulic and spring force model is developed using AMESim simulation software. A Design of Experiments (DOE) is conducted to characterize the system design of the latching mechanism subject to dimensional variations and oil properties including temperature and pressure. The baseline configuration requires approximately 12 milliseconds to deactivate the intake and exhaust valves and 18 milliseconds to re-enable the valves at a temperature of 10°C using 5W30 oil. The design goal is to equate both “ON” and “OFF” responses, while minimizing the response time in order to provide enough time to switch at 3500 engine rpm. The optimized design resulted in a balanced “ON” and “OFF” time of approximately 13.5 milliseconds for each, at 10°C oil temperature and 3.0 bar oil pressure. Model results combined with experimental verification are presented. The model correlated within 4.5% Root Mean Square error of the experimental results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Photoassociation of Laser-cooled Atoms: A New Spectroscopy (1994)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text V. Bagnato, R. A. Cline, D. J. Heinzen, J. D. Miller, P. D. Lett, W. D. Phillips, L. P. Ratliff, S. L. Ralston, and J. Weiner, "Photoassociation of Laser-cooled Atoms: A New Spectroscopy," Optics & Photonics News 5(12), 22-23 (1994) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Primary prevention of coronary heart disease: role of cholesterol control in the United States (1997)

The benefit of cholesterol-lowering drug therapy in patients with existing coronary heart disease (CHD) is well established through clinical trials. Prevention of recurrent coronary morbidity and mortality in CHD patients is called secondary prevention. In contrast, primary prevention is delaying or preventing altogether new-onset-CHD. There are three categories of primary prevention: high-risk, moderate-risk, and long-term (life-time). A recent clinical trial has documented benefit of cholesterol-lowering drugs for prevention of coronary morbidity and mortality and total mortality in hyper-cholesterolemic, middle-aged men. This trial lends support for including aggressive cholesterol reduction in high-risk primary prevention. However, for such therapy to be cost effective at present-day prices of cholesterol-lowering drugs, only those patients in the higher ranges of risk can be selected for treatment. This leaves a large number of people at moderately high risk for premature CHD because of high cholesterol levels. These persons deserve increased professional attention to risk reduction. In general the nondrug approach is indicated. The latter approach includes eliminating other risk factors, e.g. cigarette smoking and hypertension, and reducing serum cholesterol levels by decreased intakes of saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and excess total calories. Some moderate-risk patients may require low doses of cholesterol-lowering drugs to achieve the goals for cholesterol reduction. Finally, public health strategies need to be developed for applying the same nondrug approach for the general population for reducing the overall incidence of CHD.
Long-Term Stability by Lipid Coating Monodisperse Microbubbles Formed by a Flow-Focusing Device (2006)

In this letter, the long-term stabilization of monodisperse microbubbles produced by flow focusing is demonstrated using lipid encapsulation. Fluorescence microscopy, high-speed camera imaging, and particle size analysis were used to investigate the roles of lipid phase behavior, dissolution, Ostwald ripening, and coalescence in the stability of microbubbles formed by flow focusing. It was found that these behaviors were controlled through compositional changes with respect to lipid, emulsifier, and viscosity agents. Microbubbles coated with lipid and PEG emulsifier in a viscous solution were found to contain an extremely narrow size distribution (diameter(av) = 51 microm, standard deviation = 4 microm), which was maintained for up to several months.
The RCS of wire-type scattering structures (2008)

In this paper, we proposed the Foldy-Lax equation/MoM hybrid method to predict the RCS of wire-type scatterers with random orientation. Excellent agreement was found between the results of proposed method and MoM. Moreover, the proposed method showed shorter computation time than that of the conventional MoM. This method can be effectively applied to predict the RCS of a group for more than several hundreds of scatterers, and can also be applied to arbitrary shape of identical random-oriented scatterers.
Design considerations in replicated database systems for disaster protection (1988)

As computer systems process higher and higher volumes of economic transactions, the cost of a breach in service due to a disaster becomes financially intolerable. In situations like this, it becomes economically feasible to maintain a standby system with an up-to-date copy of the database. The design issues in building such a system are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>