gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method of full polarization control of microwave fields in a scalable transparent structure for spin manipulation (2020)

The application of transparent conducting oxides in electronic devices like solar cells or displays is common. By transferring this technology to quantum sensing and computing in the form of microwave conductors, it is possible to benefit from the advantages of these materials. By using indium tin oxide (ITO), it is demonstrated that at an arbitrary position below the conductor, an arbitrary elliptical microwave polarization can be produced by two independent sources. This is independent of the geometry and size of the ITO, whereby a non-resonant microwave approach can be chosen. Using single nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond in combination with a cross-like ITO structure, each NV center can be addressed with an ideal (clockwise or anticlockwise) microwave polarization. By optimizing the coupling of the microwave field to the NV centers and minimizing the conductor size, the creation of smaller devices compared to common approaches is possible.
Repeated Magnetic Compensation in Single Crystal of Nd[sub 0.8]Gd[sub 0.2]Al[sub 2] and XMCD Evidence for Reversal in Orientation of Local Moments at Second Transition (2011)

Magnetization studies in Nd1−xTbxAl2 (x⩽0.25) series reveal the emergence of two well separated quasi‐antiferromagnetic transitions near x∼0.2. XMCD results show reversal in orientation of local moments at the second transition. Low field magnetization in a single crystal of Nd0.8Tb0.2Al2 has confirmed the occurrence of repeated magnetic compensation.
[Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in older and oldest old patients]. (2019)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in older patients, leading to progressive cognitive impairment. Brain amyloid and tau deposits are the main pathological features of the disease and may appear several decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. The biomarkers of AD, measured in the plasma or in the cerebrospinal fluid, reflect the brain accumulation of beta-amyloid and tau. Therefore, they enable early and more accurate etiological diagnosis when combined with brain neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment. The new definition of AD brings biomarkers forward, shifting the focus from symptoms to brain changes in living patients. The growing body of evidence from longitudinal studies has established their ability to improve the accuracy of AD diagnosis but also to predict the progression of cognitive impairment. The biomarkers of AD are also important for recruiting participants who are at increased risk of developing AD dementia in drug trials. Beyond their role in clinical research, these tools have been increasingly used for several years in clinical practice in secondary and tertiary-referral memory clinics. However, interpreting the results of AD biomarkers may be delicate in the oldest old patients with comorbidity. A tailored, patient-centered decision is mandatory in these situations. Complicated ethical issues may also arise in using these biomarkers in asymptomatic subjects. In the absence of clear guidelines for their utilization, we hereby discuss their potential interests and limitations in older adults.
The autonomic nervous system: A potential link to the efficacy of acupuncture (2022)

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a diffuse network that regulates physiological systems to maintain body homeostasis by integrating inputs from the internal and external environment, including the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems (ENS). Recent evidence suggests that ANS is one of the key neural pathways for acupuncture signal transduction, which has attracted worldwide attention in the acupuncture field. Here, we reviewed the basic and clinical research published in PubMed over the past 20 years on the effects of acupuncture on ANS regulation and homeostasis maintenance. It was found that acupuncture effectively alleviates ANS dysfunction-associated symptoms in its indications, such as migraine, depression, insomnia, functional dyspepsia, functional constipation. Acupuncture stimulation on some specific acupoints activates sensory nerve fibers, the spinal cord, and the brain. Using information integration and efferents from a complex network of autonomic nuclei of the brain, such as the insular cortex (IC), prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala (AMG), hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray (PAG), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), ventrolateral medulla (VLM), nucleus ambiguus (AMB), acupuncture alleviates visceral dysfunction, inflammation <i>via</i> efferent autonomic nerves, and relieves pain and pain affect. The modulating pattern of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves is associated with acupuncture stimulation on specific acupoints, intervention parameters, and disease models, and the relationships among them require further exploration. In conclusion, ANS is one of the therapeutic targets for acupuncture and mediates acupuncture's actions, which restores homeostasis. A systemic study is needed to determine the rules and mechanisms underlying the effects of acupoint stimulation on corresponding organs mediated by specific central nervous networks and the efferent ANS.
Physical activity and quality of life in subjects with chronic disease: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus (2009)

Subjects with chronic diseases had a low level of physical activity, most evident in subjects with COPD. COPD and RA had a higher negative impact on quality of life than DM. Our results indicate that increased attention regarding physical inactivity in subjects with chronic diseases is needed to minimize the burden of disease.
A Nondeletional Mechanism of Thymic Self Tolerance (1989)

T cells become tolerant of self antigens during their development in the thymus. Clonal deletion of thymocytes bearing self-reactive T cell receptors is a major mechanism for generating tolerance and occurs readily for antigens expressed by bone marrow-derived cells. Tolerance to antigens expressed on the radioresistant thymic stromal elements is demonstrated here to occur via a nondeletional mechanism. For minor lymphocyte stimulatory (Mls-1a) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, this alternate form of tolerance induction results in clonal anergy.
Synthesis of DTPA Analogues Derived from Piperidine and Azepane:  Potential Contrast Enhancement Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2001)

Two DTPA derivatives (PIP-DTPA and AZEP-DTPA) as potential contrast enhancement agents in MRI are synthesized. The T1 and T2 relaxivities of their corresponding Gd(III) complexes are reported. At clinically relevant field strengths, the relaxivities of the complexes are comparable to that of the contrast agent, Gd(DTPA) which is in clinical use. The serum stability of the (153)Gd-labeled complexes is assessed by measuring the release of (153)Gd from the ligands. The radiolabeled Gd chelates are found to be kinetically stable in human serum for up to at least 14 days without any measurable loss of radioactivity.
What is rural tourism? (1994)

This paper reviews the development of tourism in rural areas. It defines rural tourism as a discrete activity with distinct characteristics which may vary in intensity, and by area. It discusses the differences between agri‐tourism and rural tourism, and examines why there should be a special relationship between tourism in the countryside and the concept of sustainable tourism.
Battery Lifetime-Aware Base Station Sleeping Control with M2M/H2H Coexistence (2016)

Fundamental tradeoffs in green cellular networks with coexistence of machine-oriented and human-oriented traffic are investigated. First, we present a queuing system to model the uplink transmission of a green base station which serves two types of distinct traffic with strict requirements on delay and battery lifetime. Then, the energy-lifetime and energy-delay tradeoffs are introduced, and closed-form expressions for energy consumption of the base station, average experienced delay in data transmission, and expected battery lifetime of machine devices are derived. Furthermore, we extend the derived results to the multi-cell scenario, and investigate the impacts of system and traffic parameters on the energy-lifetime and energy-delay tradeoffs using analytical and numerical results. Numerical results show the impact of energy saving for the access network on the introduced tradeoffs, and figure out the ways in which energy could be saved by compromising on the level of performance.
Silicon (001) Heteroepitaxy on 3C-SiC(001)/Si(001) Seed (2018)

We report for the first time the successful heteroepitaxial growth of Si(100) oriented layer on top of a 3C-SiC(001) seed. By using a post-growth modification of the 3C-SiC surface (pulse insertion of precursors during cooling), it led to a change in Si nucleation, favoring squared (100) islands instead of elongated (110) ones. Without this surface modification step, the Si layers grown on 3C-SiC were always polycrystalline with a mixture of (110) and (100) orientations. Using such Si(100) layer grown on top of 3C-SiC(100), a (100) oriented 3C-SiC single crystalline layer was successfully grown on top, fabricating thus for the first time a fully (100) oriented multilayer heterostructure made of Si (substrate) /SiC/Si/SiC.
Assessment of Broadband Shielding Effectiveness of Composite Panels for Protective Enclosures (2022)

The article investigates the shielding effectiveness (SE) of a metallic enclosure with a multilayer composite cover over a wide frequency range, from near-field magnetic shielding (1 Hz–1 MHz) to far-field electromagnetic shielding (4–14 GHz). Two enclosures are considered: a conductive enclosure made of aluminum and a magnetic enclosure made of steel. The multilayer composite is a trilayer combining a thin conductive layer of graphene and a thin magnetic layer of a Fe-Ni alloy on either side of a fiberglass plate. To determine the SE of these enclosures in both low-frequency and high-frequency approaches, two experimental setups and two numerical models are developed. The use of the composite cover, instead of the metallic one, gives a similar level of SE in the far-field and a higher specific SE (i.e., SE divided by the material density) in the near-field from 1 Hz to 2 kHz. Such quantitative analysis is the first step to designing practical enclosures entirely covered with composite panels to face electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) constraints in embedded systems.
PART IV: Diseases or Disorders of Unknown Etiology (2017)

Part IV addresses cucurbit diseases or disorders of unknown etiology. Discussions of specific disorders generally address signs and symptoms, damage, management, and references. The topics included in Part IV are as follows: Target Cluster / 189 Ground Stain / 190
Glare-Tunable Transparent Electrochemical Smart Window Coupled with Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diode (2013)

We fabricated a novel device assembled by coupling a transparent organic light-emitting diode (TOLED) and a glare-tunable transparent electrochemical device. This device could be operated in six different states, namely, (1) transparent, (2) mirror, (3) black, (4) dual emission, (5) single-side emission with mirror, and (6) single-side emission with black. Switching between each of these states could be tuned by varying/selecting the applied DC bias voltage. The device showed 63.8% transmittance in the transparent state, and 42.1% reflectance in the mirror state at 700 nm. Transmittance in both the mirror and black states was less than 0.1% in the visible range.
Charge Distribution of Electrons at Intercalated Atoms in Layer Crystals (1991)

Abstract The charge distribution of electrons at intercalated atoms in a layer crystal is considered in the two‐impurity model of the Anderson type. The dependence of this distribution on the Coulomb interaction between intercalants and on the electron mixing of the intercalate–intercalant system is analyzed.
Upstream ORF affects MYCN translation depending on exon 1b alternative splicing (2009)

Existence of upstream ORF in MYCN transcripts leads to a new level of MYCN regulation. The resulting MYCN dosage has a weak but significant anti-apoptotic activity after intrinsic apoptosis induction.
Accurate lithography hotspot detection using deep convolutional neural networks (2016)

As the physical design of semiconductors continues to shrink, the lithography process is becoming more sensitive to layout design. Identifying lithography hotspots (HSs) in the layout design stage appears to be more and more crucial for fast semiconductor development. In this direction, we propose an accurate HS detection method using convolutional neural networks. Our approach produces more accurate detection performance (95.5% recall and 22.2% precision) compared to previous approaches. In spite of the use of deep convolutional neural networks, our method achieves a fast detection time of 0.72 h/mm2. In order to quickly and accurately detect HSs, we not only utilize the nature of convolutional-neural networks but also make additional technical efforts to improve the performance of our framework, including inspection region reduction, data augmentation, DBSCAN clustering, modified batch normalization, and fast image scanning. To the best of our knowledge, our approach is the first CNN-based lithography HS detection.
Wireless LAN Access Network System for Moving Vehicles (2005)

Several Wireless LAN handover schemes have been proposed for access networks. These efforts have not yet, however, produced a satisfactory solution for access networks that provide broadband Internet services to moving vehicles such as express buses, trucks and high-speed trains. In this paper, we propose a WLAN access network system for high-speed moving vehicles. The proposed system achieves a short handover time and no packet loss during handover. A daisy-chain network architecture reduces construction costs to enable the wide deployment of many WLAN access points. We also present a performance evaluation of the prototype system.
Au-Al Intermetallic Formation in a Resistance Weld (A New Outbreak of Purple Plague?). (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Guided Entropy Mode Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text O. Okusaga, J. Cahill, A. Docherty, W. Zhou, and C. R. Menyuk, "Guided Entropy Mode Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers," in National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2012), paper JW2A.14. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Quality Management Framework for Climate Datasets (2022)

Data from a variety of research programmes are increasingly used by policy makers, researchers, and private sectors to make data-driven decisions related to climate change and variability. Climate services are emerging as the link to narrow the gap between climate science and downstream users. The Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) offers an umbrella for the development of climate services and has identified the quality assessment, along with its use in user guidance, as a key aspect of the service provision. This offers an extra stimulus for discussing what type of quality information to focus on and how to present it to downstream users. Quality has become an important keyword for those working on data in both the private and public sectors and significant resources are now devoted to quality management of processes and products. Quality management guarantees reliability and usability of the product served, it is a key element to build trust between consumers and suppliers. Untrustworthy data could lead to a negative economic impact at best and a safety hazard at worst. In a progressive commitment to establish this relation of trust, as well as providing sufficient guidance for users, the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) has made significant investments in the development of an Evaluation and Quality Control (EQC) function. This function offers a homogeneous user-driven service for the quality of the C3S Climate Data Store (CDS). Here we focus on the EQC component targeting the assessment of the CDS datasets, which include satellite and in-situ observations, reanalysis, climate projections, and seasonal forecasts. The EQC function is characterised by a two-tier review system designed to guarantee the quality of the dataset information. While the need of assessing the quality of climate data is well recognised, the methodologies, the metrics, the evaluation framework, and how to present all this information to the users have never been developed before in an operational service, encompassing all the main climate dataset categories. Building the underlying technical solutions poses unprecedented challenges and makes the C3S EQC approach unique. This paper describes the development and the implementation of the operational EQC function providing an overarching quality management service for the whole CDS data.
Study on Algorithm and Communication Protocol of Differential GPS Positioning Based on Pseudorange (2009)

This paper presents a method of GPS differential positioning based on pseudorange. Both the generation and encoding of differential data based on pseudorange and differential data transmission protocol based on Internet are mainly discussed in the paper. An improved communication protocol is proposed which can decrease the transmission quantity without changing the differential positioning accuracy. The comparison between original data and coding data and the improved coding data are tested by instantiations. Experimental results show the modified coding method decrease the transmitted data amounts compared with the point positioning. When there are more than 9 satellites, the transmission quality acquired by this advanced communication protocol is only 70 percent of the RTCM protocol and the accuracy of the differential position is greatly improved.
A Constraint-Based Approach for Hybrid Reasoning in Robotics (2016)

The quest of AI and Robotics researchers to realize fully AI-driven integrated robotic systems has not yet led to such realizations, in spite of great attainments in both research areas. This thesis claims that one of the major hindrances to these realizations is the lack of attention to what we call “the hybrid reasoning problem”. This is the problem of jointly reasoning about heterogeneous and inter-dependent aspects of the world, expressed in different forms and at different levels of abstraction. In this thesis, we propose an approach to hybrid reasoning (or integrated reasoning) for robot applications. Our approach constitutes a systematic way of achieving a domain-specific integration of reasoning capabilities. Its underpinning is to jointly reason about the sub-problems of an overall hybrid problem in the combined search space of mutual decisions. Each sub-problem represents one viewpoint, or type of requirement, that is meaningful in the particular application. We propose a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) formulation of the hybrid reasoning problem. This CSP, called meta-CSP, captures the dependencies between sub-problems. It constitutes a high-level representation of the (hybrid) requirements that define a particular application. We formalize the meta-CSP in a way that is independent of the viewpoints that are relevant in the application, as is the algorithm used for solving the meta-CSP. In order to verify the applicability of the meta-CSP approach in real-world robot applications, we instantiate it in several different domains, namely, a waiter robot, an automated industrial fleet management application, and a drill pattern planning problem in open-pit mining. These realizations highlight the important features of the approach, namely, modularity, generality, online reasoning and solution adjustment, and the ability to account for domain-specific metric and symbolic knowledge.
Longitudinal Repeated Impacts of an Elastic Sphere against a Steel Rod(Mechanical Systems) (2009)

In the dynamical impact analysis of rigid bodies the coefficient of restitution (COR) is often used. It is known that the COR depends on the impact speed, material properties and geometry of the impact system. Many experimental studies have been carried out to measure the COR. In addition, the influence of the material properties on the COR has been investigated for elastic, visco-elastic, elastic-plastic and visco-plastic material behavior. Numerical simulations by the finite element method have been efficiently utilized to investigate the impact and to evaluate the COR. Often machine elements are subjected to repeated impacts due to periodical loading conditions. In repeated impacts the shape and the material behavior of the bodies vary with the number of impacts. Therefore, also the COR will vary with the number of impacts. However, until now research on repeated impacts is very limited, except e.g. Seifried et al. and Graham et al.. In this paper, longitudinal repeated impacts of an elastic sphere against a steel rod are investigated numerically and experimentally. Thereby the steel rod shows a strain rate sensitivity of the yield stress. The behavior of the bodies during impact are precisely measured by using two Laser-Doppler-Vibrometers and simulated by finite elements. It is shown that the repeated impacts are simulated very accurately by finite element models which include the strain rate sensitivity of the yield stress of the steel rod. It is found that the maximal impact force and the COR increase with the number of impacts while the contact duration decreases with the number of impacts. After several impacts these quantities show saturation to a constant value.
Identification of Phosphorylation Sites for Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase within the Transcriptional Regulator BAP/TFII-I (2001)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), a member of the Tec family of cytosolic kinases, is essential for B cell development and function. BAP/TFII-I, a protein implicated in transcriptional regulation, is associated with Btk in B cells and is transiently phosphorylated on tyrosine following B cell receptor engagement. BAP/TFII-I is a substrate for Btk in vitro and is hyperphosphorylated on tyrosine upon coexpression with Btk in mammalian cells. In an effort to understand the physiologic consequences of BAP/TFII-I tyrosine phosphorylation following B cell receptor stimulation, site-directed mutagenesis and phosphopeptide mapping were used to locate the predominant sites of BAP/TFII-I phosphorylation by Btk in vitro. These residues, Tyr248, Tyr357, and Tyr462, were also found to be the major sites for Btk-dependent phosphorylation of BAP/TFII-I in vivo. Residues Tyr357 and Tyr462 are contained within the loop regions of adjacent helix-loop-helix-like repeats within BAP/TFII-I. Mutation of either Tyr248, Tyr357, or Tyr462 to phenylalanine reduced transcription from a c-fos promoter relative to wild-type BAP/TFII-I in transfected COS-7 cells, consistent with the interpretation that phosphorylation at these sites contributes to transcriptional activation. Phosphorylation of BAP/TFII-I by Btk may link engagement of receptors such as surface immunoglobulin to modulation of gene expression.