gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of 1-alkynes at tripodal (polyphosphine)rhodium systems. Regioselective synthesis of enol esters from 1-alkynes and carboxylic acids catalyzed by rhodium(I) monohydrides (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTActivation of 1-alkynes at tripodal (polyphosphine)rhodium systems. Regioselective synthesis of enol esters from 1-alkynes and carboxylic acids catalyzed by rhodium(I) monohydridesClaudio Bianchini, Andrea Meli, Maurizio Peruzzini, Fabrizio Zanobini, Christian Bruneau, and Pierre H. DixneufCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 4, 1155–1160Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00118a040https://doi.org/10.1021/om00118a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views484Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Value of the immunochromatographic assay for detecting IgG antibodies against 38 kDa mycobacterial antigen in diagnosis of tuberculosis]. (2000)

Despite of a fast development in the techniques of rapid identification of mycobacteria by molecular genetic techniques, serodiagnosis may be of special values as non-expensive, easy to perform method. Several serodiagnostic tests, principally those using immunoenzymatic (ELISA) methodology are available. The goal of our study was to evaluate one step coloured immunochromatographic assay detecting IgG antibodies against antigen 38 kDa (Rapid Test TB). Our material consisted of 278 serum samples--tuberculosis (n = 155), healthy (n = 36), sarcoidosis (n = 50), lung cancer (n = 25) mycobacterial infections other than tuberculosis (n = 12). Tuberculosis group consisted of new culture positive cases (n = 66), new culture negative cases (n = 23), chronic cases (n = 43) and extrapulmonary TB (n = 23). Specificity of 96% and sensitivity of 54% was obtained. In pulmonary TB sensitivity of 50% and in extrapulmonary TB of 74% was obtained. In chronic cases sensitivity of 70% and in new cases of 40% was received. Sensitivity of 44% in new culture positive cases and 30% in new culture negative cases was obtained. We conclude that immunochromatographic test may be a very useful tool improving tuberculosis diagnosis, especially in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Strip test may be an interesting alternative as it is an extremely simple, rapid, and cheap technique.
Source localization based on particle swarm optimization for wireless sensor network (2010)

In this paper, a particle swarm optimization approach for the energy-based acoustic source localization of a wireless sensor network is presented. For this work, it is assumed that there is one acoustic source with unknown localizations which transmit acoustic signals that can be received by the nodes. The only available information to the system is the received signal energy which is not very accurate in general because of the attenuation in the process of propagation. To obtain better estimated localization of the acoustic source, maximum likelihood method is applied to transform it into extremal function, the particle swarm optimization scheme searches the optimal solution. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has the advantages of higher precision and lower computational complexity.
31P‐MRS of the healthy human brain at 7 T detects multiple hexose derivatives of uridine diphosphate glucose (2021)

Nucleotide sugars are required for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, which play crucial roles in many cellular functions such as cell communication and immune responses. Uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-Glc) was previously believed to be the only nucleotide sugar detectable in brain by <sup>31</sup> P-MRS. Using spectra of high SNR and high resolution acquired at 7 T, we showed that multiple nucleotide sugars are coexistent in brain and can be measured simultaneously. In addition to UDP-Glc, these also include UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal), -N-acetyl-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and -N-acetyl-galactosamine (UDP-GalNAc), collectively denoted as UDP(G). Coexistence of these UDP(G) species is evident from a quartet-like multiplet at -9.8 ppm (M<sub>-9.8</sub> ), which is a common feature seen across a wide age range (24-64 years). Lineshape fitting of M<sub>-9.8</sub> allows an evaluation of all four UDP(G) components, which further aids in analysis of a mixed signal at -8.2 ppm (M<sub>-8.2</sub> ) for deconvolution of NAD<sup>+</sup> and NADH. For a group of seven young healthy volunteers, the concentrations of UDP(G) species were 0.04 ± 0.01 mM for UDP-Gal, 0.07 ± 0.03 mM for UDP-Glc, 0.06 ± 0.02 mM for UDP-GalNAc and 0.08 ± 0.03 mM for UDP-GlcNA, in reference to ATP (2.8 mM). The combined concentration of all UDP(G) species (average 0.26 ± 0.06 mM) was similar to the pooled concentration of NAD<sup>+</sup> and NADH (average 0.27 ± 0.06 mM, with a NAD<sup>+</sup> /NADH ratio of 6.7 ± 2.1), but slightly lower than previously found in an older cohort (0.31 mM). The in vivo NMR analysis of UDP-sugar composition is consistent with those from tissue extracts by other modalities in the literature. Given that glycosylation is dependent on the availability of nucleotide sugars, assaying multiple nucleotide sugars may provide valuable insights into potential aberrant glycosylation, which has been implicated in certain diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Development of a model of erythropoiesis in patients with chronic kidney disease (2010)

Kidneys are the main site of production of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) that is the major regulator of erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production. EPO level is normally controlled by a negative feedback mechanism in the kidneys, but patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) do not produce sufficient levels of EPO to maintain blood hemoglobin concentration. In order to prevent anemia, patients typically receive recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) intravenously to stimulate red blood cell production. Iron is required to produce hemoglobin, and iron deficiency can be an issue among patients receiving rHuEPO therapy, so intravenous iron supplementation is common among patients undergoing rHuEPO therapy. Iron availability is negatively affected by inflammation level in the body. A model is developed for erythropoiesis in patients with CKD. Both rHuEPO therapy and iron therapy are taken into consideration, as is the overall inflammation level in the body. Hemoglobin concentration is the output of the model.
High Density Formation of Ta Nanodots Induced by Remote Hydrogen Plasma (2015)

序>これまでに、金属二層薄膜に H2-RP 照射した場合、合金化反応と共に、原子のマイグレーシ ョン・凝集が同時に促進することに起因して、合金ナノドットが形成できることを報告した[1]。 本研究では、Mn と Ge の合金に着目し、SiO2上の Mn 膜と非結晶 Ge(a-Ge)薄膜の積層構造への H2-RP 処理による表面形状および化学結合状態の変化を調べると共に、Mnジャーマナイドナノド ットの形成を試みた。 実験>p-Si(100)基板を化学溶液洗浄後、乾燥酸素雰囲気中で熱酸化 SiO2膜を形成した。SiO2膜上 に、電子線蒸着により膜厚~10nm の a-Ge 膜を堆積し、膜厚~1.0nm および~10nm の Mn 膜を同一 チャンバ内で連続堆積した。その後、外部非加熱で H2 ガスのリモートプラズマ(H2-RP)処理 (60MHz-ICP: 500W, 13.3Pa)を 10分間行った。 結果及び考察>SiO2 上に形成したMn/a-Ge 積層膜の形成直後における表面形状像は、何れも表面 ラフネスが~0.4nm以下であり、均一膜の形成が確認できる(Figs. 1(a), (b))。一方、H2-RP 処理後で は、Mn の膜厚依らずナノドットの形成が認められ、ドットの面密度は、Mn 膜~1.0nm では~ 1.7× 10 11 cm -2 であるのに対して、膜厚~10nm では~ 1.4×10cmであり、ドット高さは、Mn 単層膜に比 べ 2 倍であった(Figs. 1 (a’), (b’))。形成したナノドットの 化学結合状態を X 線光電子分光法(単色化 AlKα 特性 X 線、hν = 1486.6eV)を用いて評価した結果、Mn 膜~1.0nm では、Mn3p信号が明瞭に観測されるが、Geに起因する 信号が認められない。これに対して、Mn膜~10nmでは、 金属 Ge 成分が明瞭に観測され、Mn-Ge 系ナノドットの 形成が示唆される(Fig. 2)。別途、Mn 箔で覆った熱電対 の H2-RP 処理時における温度変化を調べた結果、600 C まで急激に温度上昇することから、Mn 膜表面での原子 状水素の吸着・再結合に起因した局所温度上昇により Mn原子の表面マイグレーション・凝集と下地 a-Geとの 合金化反応が同時進行すると考えられる。これらの結果 から、厚さ~1.0nm の Mn 膜では、Mn と Ge の合金化反 応とともに、Ge原子がナノドット表面に露出することで 水素原子による Ge のエッチング が進行したと推察される。 結論>Mn/Ge 積層膜への H2-RP 照 射によるMn-Ge系ナノドットの形 成では、上層 Mn 膜厚を制御し、 H2-RP時に生じるGeのエッチング を抑制することが重要であること が分かった。 文 献 > [1] R. Fukuoka et al., Magnetics and Optics Research Int. Symp. (Omiya, 2014), We-P-07 謝辞>試料作成は、名古屋大学 VBL の設備を利用して行った。本 研究の一部は、東北大学電気通信 研究所 共同プロジェクト研究の 支援により行われた。 第 75 回応用物理学会秋季学術講演会 講演予稿集(2014 秋 北海道大学)
Metabolic syndrome and major depression (2013)

Major depression is associated with a 4-fold increased risk for premature death, largely accounted by cardiovascular disease (CVD). The relationship between depression and CVD is thought to be mediated by the so-called metabolic syndrome (MeS). Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated a co-occurrence of depression with MeS components, ie, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Although the exact mechanisms linking MeS to depression are unclear, different hypotheses have been put forward. On the one hand, MeS could be the hallmark of the unhealthy lifestyle habits of depressed patients. On the other, MeS and depression might share common alterations of the stress system, including the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the autonomic nervous system, the immune system, and platelet and endothelial function. Both the conditions induce a low grade chronic inflammatory state that, in turn, leads to increased oxidative and nitrosative (O&NS) damage of neurons, pancreatic cells, and endothelium. Recently, neurobiological research revealed that peripheral hormones, such as leptin and ghrelin, which are classically involved in homeostatic energy balance, may play a role in mood regulation. Metabolic risk should be routinely assessed in depressed patients and taken into account in therapeutic decisions. Alternative targets should be considered for innovative antidepressant agents, including cytokines and their receptors, intracellular inflammatory mediators, glucocorticoids receptors, O&NS pathways, and peripheral mediators.
Controlled Release Starch Granule Formulations Reduce Herbicide Leaching in Soil Columns (1992)

Experimental controlled release starch granules (CRSG) containing 5.3% a.i. (w/w) norflurazon or 6% a.i. (w/w) simazine retarded the leaching of both herbicides in loamy sand soil columns when compared to commercial formulations of norflurazon [80% (w/w) dry flowable] or simazine [90% (w/w) water dispersible granule]. Barley bioassays indicated norflurazon and simazine remained in the surface 0 to 2.5 cm of soil when applied as CRSG formulations and moved to a depth of 15 cm when applied as commercial dry formulations and leached with 6 cm of water. CRSG placed on pre-wetted soil columns began to release norflurazon by 7 d at 25 C or 14 d at 15 C, and subsequent leaching moved norflurazon beyond the top 2.5 cm of the soil column.
Combining bainite and martensite in steel microstructures for light weight applications (2013)

Nowadays, the market offers advanced highstrength steels (AHSS) with improved combinations of strength and ductility with respect to conventional steels (Figure 1). Most of the AHSS are based on multiphase microstructures. Thus, for example, dual phase (DP) steels have microstructures containing martensite and ferrite. Further developments led to the design of steels containing more complex microstructures, for instance consisting of combinations of ferrite, bainite, martensite, and retained austenite. The interest in having retained austenite in the microstructure is due to the ability of this metastable phase to transform into martensite during the application of mechanical loading, which significantly contributes to the strengthening of the material. This phenomenon is called the transformationinduced plasticity (TRIP) effect, and steels having such multiphase microstructures are named TRIP steels. Martensitic (MART in Figure 1) steels are based on fully martensitic microstructures, leading to high levels of strength, but these materials perform poorly on elongation. New applications in the automotive and energy sectors are demanding steels with improved combinations of mechanical properties. These demands defined a new research area for the design of new steels, as indicated in Figure 1. New strategies to fulfil these demands are based on the design of more attractive steels with ultra-fine grained microstructures, containing combinations of strong phases such as martensite and bainite. The presence of retained austenite in these microstructures is also desirable in order to make use of the TRIP effect1 2. Heat treatments for the development of carbide-free bainite (CFB) steels consist of full austenitization followed by an isothermal step at a temperature in the bainite range4 (Figure 2a). The formation of bainite occurs by the nucleation and displacive growth of bainitic ferrite sub-units until they reach a certain size. In the process, carbon diffuses from the carbon-supersaturated sub-unit to the surrounding austenite5. By alloying the steel with elements such as silicon or aluminium, carbide precipitation in the austenite is inhibited, and thus the austenite becomes carbon enriched as the transformation progresses. Combining bainite and martensite in steel microstructures for light weight applications
Imine Insertion into a Late Metal−Carbon Bond To Form a Stable Amido Complex (2004)

An arylrhodium(I) complex containing a labile dative ligand was prepared, and its reactivity toward aryl imines was investigated. The arylrhodium(I) complex (DPPE)Rh(C5H5N)(p-tol), 2, was isolated in 65% yield from [(DPPE)Rh(mu-Cl)]2, pyridine, and p-tolyllithium. Reaction of 2 with the aldimine (p-tol)CH=N(C6H4-p-CO2Me) (3a-Tol) gave the Rh amide insertion product 4 in 88% isolated yield. The solid-state structure of 4 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The reaction of 2 with the electron-neutral and electron-rich aldimines (Ph)CH=NPh (3b) and (p-tol)CH=N(C6H4-p-OMe) (3c) also appeared to involve insertion, but the amido complexes formed from these insertions were not stable. Thus, reaction of 2 with 3b, followed by addition of Et3NHCl, gave the amine and ketimine products (Ph)(p-tol)CH-NHPh, 5, and (p-tol)(Ph)C=N(Ph), 6, in 25% and 50% yields. Several lines of data indicate that these products are formed by a sequence of transformations involving insertion of imine to give a Rh amide intermediate, beta-hydrogen elimination, cyclometalation to form a bound imine and H2, and protonolysis of the metallacycle upon addition of Et3NHCl. Consistent with this proposal, the proposed metallacycle containing the ortho-metalated ketimine ligand (p-tol)2C=N(C6H4-p-OMe) was isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
CecC, a cecropin gene expressed during metamorphosis in Drosophila pupae (1992)

Cecropins are antibacterial peptides, induced in insects in response to bacterial infections. In Drosophila, three cecropin genes have previously been characterized, CecA1, CecA2, and CecB, in a dense cluster at 99E on the third chromosome. From the same locus, we now describe a fourth member of the cecropin gene family, CecC, which is mainly expressed at the early pupal stage. In situ hybridization to immunized pupae show that CecC is induced in the anterior end of the larval hindgut and in other larval tissues that are undergoing histolysis. Within these other tissues it is often expressed in distinct foci that may correspond to hemocytes. A similar pattern of expression in the metamorphosing pupa is also observed for the CecA and CecB genes. Comparing the DNA sequences of the cecropin genes, a conserved region is observed about 30 bp upstream of the TATA box. It consists of three shorter motifs, two of which are reminiscent of a putative promoter element in immune protein genes from the cecropia moth.
Micro-CT in a dual-modality fluorescence/computed tomography system for small animal imaging (2007)

A micro-CT prototype in the combined dual modality fluorescence/X-ray tomography system is described in details. The CT image is reconstructed using FDK algorithm, and the fluorescence image is reconstructed in virtue of the anatomical structure information provided by the X-ray tomography images. Preliminary phantom experiments have been conducted to evaluate the system integration.
Reduced Nerve Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Kinin B1Receptor Knock-Out Mice (2005)

Injury to peripheral nerves often results in a persistent neuropathic pain condition that is characterized by spontaneous pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Nerve injury is accompanied by a local inflammatory reaction in which nerve-associated and immune cells release several pronociceptive mediators. Kinin B1 receptors are rarely expressed in nontraumatized tissues, but they can be expressed after tissue injury. Because B1 receptors mediate chronic inflammatory painful processes, we studied their participation in neuropathic pain using receptor gene-deleted mice. In the absence of neuropathy, we found no difference in the paw-withdrawal responses to thermal or mechanical stimulation between B1 receptor knock-out mice and 129/J wild-type mice. Partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in the wild-type mouse produced a profound and long-lasting decrease in thermal and mechanical thresholds in the paw ipsilateral to nerve lesion. Threshold changed neither in the sham-operated animals nor in the paw contralateral to lesion. Ablation of the gene for the B1 receptor resulted in a significant reduction in early stages of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, systemic treatment with the B1 selective receptor antagonist des-Arg9-[Leu8]-bradykinin reduced the established mechanical allodynia observed 7-28 d after nerve lesion in wild-type mice. Partial sciatic nerve ligation induced an upregulation in B1 receptor mRNA in ipsilateral paw, sciatic nerve, and spinal cord of wild-type mice. Together, kinin B1 receptor activation seems to be essential to neuropathic pain development, suggesting that an oral-selective B1 receptor antagonist might have therapeutic potential in the management of chronic pain.
Redox Electrochemistry to Interrogate and Control Biomolecular Communication (2020)

Cells often communicate by the secretion, transport, and perception of molecules. Information conveyed by molecules is encoded, transmitted, and decoded by cells within the context of the prevailing microenvironments. Conversely, in electronics, transmission reliability and message validation are predictable, robust, and less context dependent. In turn, many transformative advances have resulted by the formal consideration of information transfer. One way to explore this potential for biological systems is to create bio-device interfaces that facilitate bidirectional information transfer between biology and electronics. Redox reactions enable this linkage because reduction and oxidation mediate communication within biology and can be coupled with electronics. By manipulating redox reactions, one is able to combine the programmable features of electronics with the ability to interrogate and modulate biological function. In this review, we examine methods to electrochemically interrogate the various components of molecular communication using redox chemistry and to electronically control cell communication using redox electrogenetics.
[Effect of low intensity of electromagnetic radiation in the centimeter and millimeter range on proliferative and cytotoxic activity of murine spleen lymphocytes]. (2003)

It was found that single total-body exposure to electromagnetic centimeter waves (8.15-18 GHz, 1 microW/cm2, 5 h) stimulated the proliferation of mouse T and B splenic lymphocytes. The same effects were observed upon in vivo treatment of rats for 5 h with millimeter waves (42.2 GHz, amplitude modulation 10 Hz, 1 microW/cm2). The whole-body irradiation with centimeter or millimeter waves did not cause any significant changes in natural activity of killer cells. The cellular responses induced by the irradiation of isolated animal cells in vitro did not coincide with those revealed after the total-body irradiation of animals. Thus, the in vitro irradiation of natural killer cells to millimeter waves for 1 h increased their cytotoxic activity whereas, after treatment to centimeter waves for the same time, the activity of killer cells did not change. On the contrary, irradiation of T and B lymphocytes with millimeter waves (42.2 GHz, amplitude modulation 10 Hz, 1 microW/cm2, 1 h) suppressed the blasttransformation of cells. The results show a higher immunostimulative potential of centimeter waves as compared to millimeter waves.
Acute liver failure (2011)

Despite advances in our understanding, ALF remains a cause of significant mortality in children and adults because of the absence of curative medical therapy. Hence, only emergency liver transplantation is reliably life-saving. There is an urgent need for better understanding of the pathogenesis of ALF caused by different causes, of genetic susceptibility, development of validated prognostic indicators and application of this knowledge to devise new therapeutic strategies for testing in appropriately powered, randomized controlled trials.
A novel form of cytochrome P-450 family 4 in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. cDNA cloning and expression of leukotriene B4 omega-hydroxylase (1993)

Isolation of cDNA clones for human leukotriene B4 (LTB4) omega-hydroxylase clearly demonstrates that the hydroxylase is a member of the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) superfamily. cDNA clones isolated from a human leukocyte cDNA library with CYP4A4 cDNA as a probe encode a protein of 520 amino acids with a molecular weight of 59,805. The deduced amino acid sequence contains an invariant cysteine in the conserved heme-binding domain near the C terminus, characteristic of the P-450 superfamily. The microsomes from yeast cells transfected with an expression vector pAAH5 carrying isolated cDNA catalyzed the omega-hydroxylation of LTB4 with a Km value of 0.71 microM, and its activity was significantly inhibited by carbon monoxide and by antisera against CYP4A4, consistent with the properties previously reported with LTB4 omega-hydroxylase in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The amino acid sequence of LTB4 omega-hydroxylase (P-450LTB omega) shows 31-44% similarity to those of CYP4A, CYP4B, and CYP4C, whereas less than 25% similarity was observed with any of the other P-450 families. According to the systematic classification of the P-450 superfamily, P-450LTB omega is classified into the CYP4 family but does not belong to any of the known CYP4 subfamilies. This P-450 composes a new subfamily of CYP4. RNA blot analysis indicated that mRNA hybridized to the cDNA was expressed in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes as well as leukocytes from four individuals. Isolation of the cDNA opens the way to investigate the physiological role and to regulation of the omega-hydroxylase in the inflammation process.