gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notes - Some Aromatic and Heterocyclic Derivatives of Carbazole (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Some Aromatic and Heterocyclic Derivatives of CarbazoleHenry Gilman and Julian Honeycutt, Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 2, 226–227Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1957Publication History Published online8 April 2003Published inissue 1 February 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01353a604https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01353a604research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views405Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Escherichia coli HU protein has a role in the repair of abasic sites in DNA (2007)

HU is one of the most abundant DNA binding proteins in Escherichia coli. We find that it binds strongly to DNA containing an abasic (AP) site or tetrahydrofuran (THF) (apparent K(d) approximately 50 nM). It also possesses an AP lyase activity that cleaves at a deoxyribose but not at a THF residue. The binding and cleavage of an AP site was observed only with the HUalphabeta heterodimer. Site-specific mutations at K3 and R61 residues led to a change in substrate binding and cleavage. Both K3A(alpha)K3A(beta) and R61A(alpha)R61A(beta) mutant HU showed significant reduction in binding to DNA containing AP site; however, only R61A(alpha)R61A(beta) mutant protein exhibited significant loss in AP lyase activity. Both K3A(alpha)K3A(beta) and R61K(alpha)R61K(beta) showed slight reduction in AP lyase activities. The function of HU protein as an AP lyase was confirmed by the ability of hupA or hupB mutations to further reduce the viability of an E. coli dut(Ts) xth mutant, which generates lethal AP sites at 37 degrees C; the hupA and hupB derivatives, respectively, had a 6-fold and a 150-fold lower survival at 37 degrees C than did the parental strain. These data suggest, therefore, that HU protein plays a significant role in the repair of AP sites in E. coli.
The Concept of Hardiness: Persistent Problems, Persistent Appeal (1999)

Despite increased critical debate, the concept of hardiness continues to be a popular focus of research, and little has changed in how hardiness is defined, measured, and applied. The article argues that the concept of hardiness remains inherently problematic. In particular, hardiness is plagued by definitional problems, problems of construct validity, measurement problems, and class, gender, and age bias. The persistent appeal of the hardiness construct lies partially in researchers' desire to discover why some people are able to withstand the health-damaging effects of stress. More important, the article argues that hardiness is appealing because it continues to be easier to focus on individual problems and solutions rather than look for and try to change the social factors that affect health status and well-being.
Synthesis and photocatalytic H 2 ‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride (2019)

Abstract Plasma processing technology, as a promising method to enhance photocatalytic activity of catalyst, is gradually attracting extensive interest from researchers. However, the main mechanism of plasma‐treated photocatalyst on hydrogen production is not clear. In this work, 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene is selected as a co‐catalyst of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ), which carries out a plasma treatment (500°C) under N 2 /H 2 atmosphere. Due to plasma treatment, there is a higher proportion Ti–O functional groups on surface of layered Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene, especially for Ti 4+ . The obtained g‐C 3 N 4 /p‐Ti 3 C 2 T x photocatalyst with sandwich‐like structure shows an enhanced photocatalytic activity. The rate of hydrogen generation of CN/pTC3.0 sample without Pt co‐catalyst is 25.4 and 2.4 times that of pure g‐C 3 N 4 and CN/TC3.0 samples, respectively. The improved photocatalytic activity is attributed to presence of Ti 4+ due to plasma treatment, which can capture photo‐induced electron from g‐C 3 N 4 and improve the separation of electrons and holes after visible light irradiation. The cyclic hydrogen production of the photocatalyst demonstrates good photocatalytic stability. In addition, this method of plasma treatment under N 2 /H 2 atmosphere is feasible to develop a high‐performance co‐catalyst, which can be extended to other photocatalysts with two‐dimensional structure for photocatalytic water‐splitting applications.
Data transmission applications via low voltage power lines using OFDM technique (2002)

The author introduces a transmissions scheme for power lines that is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The suitability of such a system is proved by various simulations taking real channel conditions into account. As a basis for the system layout, an overview of the channel properties of a 230 V power line network is given. The channel characteristics are gained by several measurements of attenuation and a noise survey having been performed by the author in different locations. These investigations lead to a system based on the OFDM technique which is also presented. For such an OFDM system many parameters have to be suitably selected, such as the algorithm that distributes the data among the different subchannels by selecting different modulation schemes for each subchannel. Simulation results are depicted that show the influence of such system parameters on the data transmission.
Early results of a randomized trial of rifampicin-bonded Dacron grafts for extra-anatomic vascular reconstruction (1998)

Early results from this study have not identified any significant advantage in the routine use of rifampicin bonding, but the rate of graft infection was very low (0.4 per cent). Gelatin coating alone may provide protection against infection. Definitive recommendations about the role of antibiotic bonding cannot be made until longer follow-up becomes available.
Microbial Growth on the Nails of Direct Patient Care Nurses Wearing Nail Polish (2020)

The results should be interpreted and applied to expert nursing practice in the care of vulnerable patient populations. Each institution and practitioner should make their own decisions and interpretation of evidence into practice.
Surface crossing and energy flow in many-dimensional quantum systems (2023)

Energy flow in molecules, like the dynamics of other many-dimensional finite systems, involves quantum transport across a dense network of near-resonant states. For molecules in their electronic ground state, the network is ordinarily provided by anharmonic vibrational Fermi resonances. Surface crossing between different electronic states provides another route to chaotic motion and energy redistribution. We show that nonadiabatic coupling between electronic energy surfaces facilitates vibrational energy flow and, conversely, anharmonic vibrational couplings facilitate nonadiabatic electronic state mixing. A generalization of the Logan-Wolynes theory of quantum energy flow in many-dimensional Fermi resonance systems to the two-surface case gives a phase diagram describing the boundary between localized quantum dynamics and global energy flow. We explore these predictions and test them using a model inspired by the problem of electronic excitation energy transfer in the photosynthetic reaction center. Using an explicit numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for this ten-dimensional model, we find quite good agreement with the expectations from the approximate analytical theory.
Alk‐1‐ene Polymerization in the Presence of a Monocyclopentadienyl Zirconium(IV) Acetamidinate Catalyst: Microstructural and Mechanistic Insights (2007)

Abstract Suitably activated, (Cp*){N( t Bu)C(Me)N(Et)}ZrMe 2 is known to initiate the ‘living’ and isotactic‐selective polymerization of alk‐1‐enes, and it can be used to synthesize block copolymers and stereoblock polymers. We report a full molecular kinetic investigation of propene, but‐1‐ene, and hex‐1‐ene polymerization with a MAO‐activated catalyst system. By combining NMR microstructural polymer analysis with QM modeling of the active species, the complicated regio‐ and stereochemistry of the polyinsertion process, as well as the active chain‐transfer pathways, are investigated. The perspectives and limitations of this catalyst for application in (stereo)block polymerizations are discussed. magnified image
Deletion mapping of gliomas suggest the presence of two small regions for candidate tumor-suppressor genes in a 17-cM interval on chromosome 10q. (1996)

The loss of genetic material on chromosome 10q is frequent in different tumors and particularly in malignant gliomas. We analyzed 90 of these tumors and found loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in >90% of the informative loci in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Initial studies restricted the common LOH region to 10q24-qter. Subsequently, the study of a pediatric GBM suggested D10S221 and D10S209, respectively, as centromeric and telomeric markers of a 4-cM LOH region. It is interesting to note that, in one subset of cells from this tumor, locus D10S209 seems involved in the allelic imbalance of a larger region, with D10S214 as telomeric marker. This 17-cM region contains the D10S587-D10S216 interval of common deletion recently defined on another set of gliomas.
ChemInform Abstract: AMIDIERUNG VON QUADRATSAEURE‐ESTERN (1973)

Abstract EO Die Umsetzung des Quadratsäureesters (I) mit Anilin (II) in DMF bei 147°C führt zum erwarteten Diamid (IV) aber außerdem zu dessen 1,3‐Isomeren (V).
Quality of Life and Well-Being of Headache Patients: Measurement by the Medical Outcomes Study Instrument (1993)

The MOS survey is a reliable measure of quality of life for patients with chronic headaches. Chronic headache disorders cause significantly more morbidity and impairment of function than has previously been appreciated.
Anodic Electrosynthesis of a Thin Film of Cu2S on a Gold Electrode. A Voltammetric, Nanoelectrogravimetric, and I/t Transient Study (2002)

The electroformation of a Cu2S phase, obtained by sulfidization of a thin film of copper placed by the spin-coating technique onto the gold surface of a gold/quartz crystal that is part of an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical quartz crystal microgravimetry. The electrolytic medium employed was a bisulfide-containing aqueous buffered solution (pH 9.2). CV parameters showed that the formation of the Cu2S phase occurred by means of an irreversible diffusion-controlled mechanism, where a first uncomplicated electron transfer was the rate-determining step. The EQCM data showed that the initially formed phase was Cu2S, which was later oxidized to nonstoichiometric compounds (Cu(2-x)S) and CuS. Furthermore ΔQ/Δm data analysis established that the electron reaction valence (n) was close to 2 for all electrochemical processes where Cu/S compounds were involved. The nucleation and growth mechanism (NGM) of the Cu2S phase corresponded to a bidimensional instantaneous mechanism containing two contributions, one controlled by diffusion and the other controlled by charge transfer. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the Cu2S phase electroformed on the gold/crystal quartz electrode was deposited as hemispherical particles (sized between 40 and 130 nm) on the terraces and in the cavities present in the gold film.
Macrocyclic ligands with 18-membered rings containing pyridine or furan groups: preparation, protonation, and complexation by metal ions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrocyclic ligands with 18-membered rings containing pyridine or furan groups: preparation, protonation, and complexation by metal ionsGeorge L. Rothermel Jr., Lan Miao, Anna L. Hill, and Susan C. JackelsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 23, 4854–4859Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00049a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views535Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (612 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exact solutions for nondiffracting beams I The scalar theory (1987)

We present exact, nonsingular solutions of the scalar-wave equation for beams that are nondiffracting. This means that the intensity pattern in a transverse plane is unaltered by propagating in free space. These beams can have extremely narrow intensity profiles with effective widths as small as several wavelengths and yet possess an infinite depth of field. We further show (by using numerical simulations based on scalar diffraction theory) that physically realizable finite-aperture approximations to the exact solutions can also possess an extremely large depth of field.
Cathodic Behavior of Stainless Steel 316LN Reinforcing Bars in Simulated Concrete Pore Solutions (2008)

Abstract The high corrosion resistance of stainless steel (SS) reinforcing bars is widely recognized. However, little information is available on how much cathodic current a passive SS rebar assembly could produce to support a local anode as corrosion eventually starts. The ability of SS to perform as a cathode would have a direct impact on the corrosion rate of the anodic region. To address this issue, the cathodic behavior of type 316LN SS reinforcing bars in simulated concrete pore solutions was explored using the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization technique. The cathodic efficiency of sandblasted or as-received SS rebar was found to be much smaller than that of as-received carbon steel (CS) rebar. However, high temperature oxide scales, especially those formed at 700 °C, significantly increased the cathodic efficiency of SS. The effect of temperature and pH on cathodic efficiency of sandblasted SS rebar was secondary compared to that of the presence of oxide scales formed at high temperatures. The oxygen reduction rate on sandblasted SS increased upon addition of chloride ions in solution
Fast imaging in two dimensions resolves extensive sources of Ca2+ sparks in frog skeletal muscle (2000)

Ca2+ sparks were monitored by confocal laser-scanning microscopy of fluo-3 at video rates, in fast twitch muscle fibres, stimulated by exposure to caffeine and/or low [Mg2+]. Scanning was in two spatial dimensions ('2D') or 2D plus time, at 4 ms per image frame. Sparks were identified in 2D images of normalized fluorescence by an automatic procedure, which also evaluated the event's location and morphometric parameters. Most sparks were circular, but some were elongated, especially in caffeine. Separation of the spark from circular symmetry was quantified by its eccentricity (length/width - 1). In an internal solution with 0.4 mM [Mg2+], sparks (989 events in 4 cells) had amplitude 0.73, width 1.94 microm, length 2.12 microm and eccentricity not significantly different from 0. Upon application of 1 mM caffeine, length (of 2578 events in the same cells) increased significantly (by 0.41 microm, or 19 %), width increased by 0.18 microm (9 %) and amplitude decreased slightly. The eccentricity became significantly different from 0, and the sparks' long axis predominantly oriented parallel to the plane of the Z disks. More than 10 % of the events in caffeine had length greater than 4 microm, a relatively flat top, and a sharp termination at both ends of the major axis. Additionally, there was only a weak correlation between eccentricity and amplitude. These properties suggest that the elongated events are produced by simultaneous opening of multiple channels within a junction, rather than anisotropic diffusion of Ca2+ or random overlap of round sparks. Elongated events often increased in eccentricity early in their evolution. Then, most remained elongated during their rise and decay, while others spread spatially in the plane of the Z disks. In 1-2 % of the events, the centre of mass migrated in space, over time, at approximately 0.1 microm x ms(-1). These spatio-temporal features require the involvement of multiple release channels, at spatially resolvable locations. Because sources often spread over distances greater than 1 or 2 microm, and arrays of junctional elements (couplons) are at most 1.2 microm long, it must be possible for activation of release to propagate between neighbouring couplons, especially under the influence of caffeine and/or low [Mg2+].
The roles of transition metals in the physiology and pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae (2013)

For bacterial pathogens whose sole environmental reservoir is the human host, the acquisition of essential nutrients, particularly transition metals, is a critical aspect of survival due to tight sequestration and limitation strategies deployed to curtail pathogen outgrowth. As such, these bacteria have developed diverse, specialized acquisition mechanisms to obtain these metals from the niches of the body in which they reside. To oppose the spread of infection, the human host has evolved multiple mechanisms to counter bacterial invasion, including sequestering essential metals away from bacteria and exposing bacteria to lethal concentrations of metals. Hence, to maintain homeostasis within the host, pathogens must be able to acquire necessary metals from host proteins and to export such metals when concentrations become detrimental. Furthermore, this acquisition and efflux equilibrium must occur in a tissue-specific manner because the concentration of metals varies greatly within the various microenvironments of the human body. In this review, we examine the functional roles of the metal import and export systems of the Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae in both signaling and pathogenesis.
Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Related Ingredients (2011)

Cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, oil from the dried coconut fruit, is composed of 90% saturated triglycerides. It may function as a fragrance ingredient, hair conditioning agent, or skin-conditioning agent and is reported in 626 cosmetics at concentrations from 0.0001% to 70%. The related ingredients covered in this assessment are fatty acids, and their hydrogenated forms, corresponding fatty alcohols, simple esters, and inorganic and sulfated salts of coconut oil. The salts and esters are expected to have similar toxicological profiles as the oil, its hydrogenated forms, and its constituent fatty acids. Coconut oil and related ingredients are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
Design and Application of a Domain Specific Modeling Language for Distributed Co-Simulation (2019)

Co-simulation is considered as a state-of-the-art methodology in many industrial domains. It enables virtual system development in distributed, multi-tiered environments, like the automotive industry. The Distributed Co-Simulation Protocol (DCP) is a novel specification of an application layer communication protocol. It is standardized next to the well-established Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI). The DCP specification addresses design and behaviour of single DCP slaves, as main components of larger, possibly distributed, co-simulation scenarios. At this point in time, no tailor-made solution for convenient description of distributed co-simulation scenarios is available. This paper presents a first version of DCPML, a domain specific modeling language for distributed co-simulation scenarios. It is based on three layers of integration and contributes to development efficiency by following a front-loading approach. It is designed as a UML profile, extending existing visual notation languages like UML and SysML. The language can be used for design, communication, and preparation for execution, of distributed co-simulation scenarios. For demonstration purposes, it is implemented in an industry relevant systems engineering tool. DCPML models can be used to import and export XML data, representing DCP slave and scenario descriptions. A typical demonstrator from the automotive domain is shown. It highlights a tool implementation and the capabilities of DCPML.
A Hybrid Quantum enabled RBM Advantage: Convolutional Autoencoders For\n Quantum Image Compression and Generative Learning (2020)

Understanding how the D-Wave quantum computer could be used for machine\nlearning problems is of growing interest. Our work evaluates the feasibility of\nusing the D-Wave as a sampler for machine learning. We describe a hybrid system\nthat combines a classical deep neural network autoencoder with a quantum\nannealing Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) using the D-Wave. We evaluate our\nhybrid autoencoder algorithm using two datasets, the MNIST dataset and MNIST\nFashion dataset. We evaluate the quality of this method by using a downstream\nclassification method where the training is based on quantum RBM-generated\nsamples. Our method overcomes two key limitations in the current 2000-qubit\nD-Wave processor, namely the limited number of qubits available to accommodate\ntypical problem sizes for fully connected quantum objective functions and\nsamples that are binary pixel representations. As a consequence of these\nlimitations we are able to show how we achieved nearly a 22-fold compression\nfactor of grayscale 28 x 28 sized images to binary 6 x 6 sized images with a\nlossy recovery of the original 28 x 28 grayscale images. We further show how\ngenerating samples from the D-Wave after training the RBM, resulted in 28 x 28\nimages that were variations of the original input data distribution, as opposed\nto recreating the training samples. We formulated an MNIST classification\nproblem using a deep convolutional neural network that used samples from a\nquantum RBM to train the MNIST classifier and compared the results with an\nMNIST classifier trained with the original MNIST training data set, as well as\nan MNIST classifier trained using classical RBM samples. Our hybrid autoencoder\napproach indicates advantage for RBM results relative to the use of a current\nRBM classical computer implementation for image-based machine learning and even\nmore promising results for the next generation D-Wave quantum system.\n