gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor is a Regulator of Muscular Strength in Aging (1999)

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) participates in the survival of motor neurons and reduces the denervation-induced atrophy of skeletal muscles. Experiments performed in rats show a decrease in peripheral CNTF synthesis during aging, associated with an overexpression of its alpha-binding receptor component by skeletal muscles. Measurement of sciatic nerve CNTF production and of the muscular performance developed by the animals revealed a strong correlation between the two studied parameters (r = 0.8; p < 0.0003). Furthermore, the twitch and tetanic tensions measured in the isolated soleus skeletal muscle in 24-month-old animals increased 2. 5-fold by continuous in vivo administration of CNTF. Analyses of the activation level of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor beta- and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-signaling molecules in response to exogenous CNTF revealed an increased tyrosine phosphorylation positively correlated with the twitch tension developed by the soleus muscle of the animals.
A Bio-Phase Change Material from Poly(butylene succinate) to be used in Concrete (2021)

the objective of this research is to test different variables combinations and show which Poly (cutylene succinate)-based (PBS-based) material OBS material has the best properties to be added as a Bio-phage-change material in concrete matrices. In this experimental study, a novel PBS-based phase change material (PCM) was synthesized to be applied in concrete systems to increase thermal resistance. Box-Behnken design was followed to produce a total of 14 samples with different reaction times, catalyst concentrations, and glycerin concentrations (which acted as additives). All of the samples were able to decrease the regular melting point of PBS from 110ºC to around 68ºC, showing a significant improvement that allows the use of this material to improve the thermal properties of concrete systems.
Roles of Metal Ions in Controlling Bioinspired Electron‐Transfer Systems. Metal Ion‐Coupled Electron Transfer (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Artificial Photosynthetic Systems Metal Ion Coupled Electron Transfer Catalysis of Metal Ions Conclusions Acknowledgments Abbreviations References
Awake craniotomy in a patient with Brugada syndrome (2017)

Summary We report the case of a patient with Brugada syndrome who underwent an image‐guided awake craniotomy for tumour resection. We modified our usual technique to allow intraoperative testing whilst maintaining safety.
Is viscoelastic coagulation monitoring with ROTEM or TEG validated? (2016)

Recent years have seen increasing worldwide interest in the use of viscoelastic coagulation monitoring tests, performed using devices such as ROTEM and TEG. The use of such tests to guide haemostatic therapy may help reduce transfusion of allogeneic blood products in bleeding patients and is supported in European guidelines for managing trauma and severe perioperative bleeding. In addition, viscoelastic tests form the basis of numerous published treatment algorithms. However, some publications have stated that viscoelastic tests are not validated. A specific definition of the term validation is lacking and regulatory requirements of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) have been fulfilled by ROTEM and TEG assays. Viscoelastic tests have been used in pivotal clinical trials, and they are approved for use in most of the world's countries. Provided that locally approved indications are adhered to, the regulatory framework for clinicians to use viscoelastic tests in routine clinical practice is in place.
A Tumor-Imaging Method Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (2018)

The tumor stroma, which accounts for a large part of the tumor mass, represents an attractive target for the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic compounds. Here, the focus is notably on a subpopulation of stromal cells, known as cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are present in more than 90% of epithelial carcinomas, including pancreatic, colon, and breast cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts feature high expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is not detectable in adult normal tissue but is associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients. <b>Methods:</b> We developed an iodinated and a DOTA-coupled radiotracer based on a FAP-specific enzyme inhibitor (FAPI) and evaluated them in vitro using uptake, competition, and efflux studies as well as confocal microscopy of a fluorescence-labeled variant. Furthermore, we performed imaging and biodistribution studies on tumor-bearing animals. Finally, proof of concept was realized by imaging patients with <sup>68</sup>Ga-labeled FAPI. <b>Results:</b> Both FAPIs showed high specificity, affinity, and rapid internalization into FAP-expressing cells in vitro and in vivo. Biodistribution studies on tumor-bearing mice and on the first cancer patients demonstrated high intratumoral uptake of the tracer and fast body clearance, resulting in high-contrast images and negligible exposure of healthy tissue to radiation. A comparison with the commonly used radiotracer <sup>18</sup>F-FDG in a patient with locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma revealed that the new FAP ligand was clearly superior. <b>Conclusion:</b> Radiolabeled FAPIs allow fast imaging with very high contrast in tumors having a high stromal content and may therefore serve as pantumor agents. Coupling of these molecules to DOTA or other chelators allows labeling not only with <sup>68</sup>Ga but also with therapeutic isotopes such as <sup>177</sup>Lu or <sup>90</sup>Y.
Ocular counter-roll is less affected in experienced versus novice space crew after long-duration spaceflight (2022)

Otoliths are the primary gravity sensors of the vestibular system and are responsible for the ocular counter-roll (OCR). This compensatory eye torsion ensures gaze stabilization and is sensitive to a head roll with respect to gravity and the Gravito-Inertial Acceleration vector during, e.g., centrifugation. To measure the effect of prolonged spaceflight on the otoliths, we quantified the OCR induced by off-axis centrifugation in a group of 27 cosmonauts in an upright position before and after their 6-month space mission to the International Space Station. We observed a significant decrease in OCR early postflight, larger for first-time compared to experienced flyers. We also found a significantly larger torsion for the inner eye, the eye closest to the rotation axis. Our results suggest that experienced cosmonauts have acquired the ability to adapt faster after G-transitions. These data provide a scientific basis for sending experienced cosmonauts on challenging missions that include multiple g-level transitions.
Mutations au niveau des sites de clivage de gag et du changement de cadre de lecture gag-pol du VIH-1 et réponse virologique à un traitement par inhibiteurs de protéase (2010)

La protease du virus de l'immunodeficience humaine de type 1 a pour role de cliver les precurseurs polyproteiques gag et Gag-pol au niveau de sites precis appeles les sites de clivage, afin de liberer les proteines de structure (p7, p17 et p24) et les enzymes de la particule virale (protease, transcriptase inverse et integrase). Un decalage de phase en –1, medie par un signal, est requis pour que les ribosomes traduisent les ARN messagers en ces precurseurs. Lors d'un echappement a un traitement comportant des inhibiteurs de protease (IP), des mutations dans le gene de la protease sont selectionnees et induisent une diminution de la capacite replicative virale. Elles peuvent etre parfois associees a des substitutions au niveau des sites de clivage de gag. Recemment, des etudes ont montre que la presence de mutations dans les sites de clivage de gag seules, en l'absence de mutations dans le gene de la protease, pouvaient etre associees a l'echec virologique.
38.1: Invited Paper : Aging Processes of the Blue Phosphor in Plasma Display Panels (2007)

Abstract Fluorescence characteristics degradation mechanisms of Plasma Display Panel phosphors during panel fabrication and during panel life are a major drawback for the performances of PDP. We present a study of these phenomena by a laser excitation simulation process. We compare our results with those obtained in PDP.
for UDTV Application (2003)

Several ultra-high definition imaging sensors, applicable in TV systems, electronic cinemas and tele-medicine, have been reported [1-3]. However, these sensors require a large optical system, high power and many components for driving and signal-processing circuits, limiting the realization of a practical camera system. A newly developed digital-output CMOS image sensor fabricated in 0.25µm CMOS technology for a compact ultra-high definition television (UDTV) camera is presented. The image sensor size corresponds to 1 1 / 4-inch optical format and the die size of the chip fits into the standard reticle window (20mm x 20mm). The UDTV system requires 8.3 million pixels, 60frames/s operation in the progressive scanning mode, which translates to approximately 500MHz pixel readout rate. To eliminate the difficulty of handling analog signals with such a wide frequency bandwidth, analog-to-digital converters (ADC’s) are implemented on-chip. A block diagram of the UDTV sensor and a layout plot are shown in Figs. 12.3.1 and 12.3.2, respectively. A sensor architecture is adopted having column-parallel successiveapproximation
Harvest time affects valencias: Yield, fruit size and grade influenced by early, late, or midseason timing of orange harvesting (1955)

Delayed harvest of Valencia oranges—if consistently delayed several weeks beyond the point of the legal fruit maturity of eight parts soluble solids to one part citric acid in the juice—seems to result in reduced fruit yield and reduced fruit grade.
The Effect of Aging Temperature on Morphology of α Phase in Ti-3Mo-6Sn-5Zr Shape Memory Alloy (2015)

The effect of the aging temperature on the morphology of the α (hcp) phase in a Ti-3Mo-6Sn-5Zr (mol%), Ni-free biomedical shape memory alloy was investigated. Plate shaped α phase precipitated during aging at temperatures between 773 K and 973 K for 3.6 ks. The typical acicular morphology that is cross section of α plates was observed in the specimens aged at 773 K and 873 K, whereas the plate of α phase formed a unique triangular shaped cluster in the specimen aged at 973 K. The individual α plates in the triangular cluster were relatively finer than those in the other specimens and the triangular clusters were homogeneously dispersed within β grain. The c/a ratio of α phase increased with increasing the aging temperature, where c and a are the lattice parameters of α phase. The aging temperature dependence of the c/a ratio is suggested to be responsible for the aging temperature dependence of the morphology of α phase.
Targeted JAM-C deletion in germ cells by Spo11-controlled Cre recombinase (2010)

Meiosis is a crucial process for the production of functional gametes. However, the biological significance of many genes expressed during the meiotic phase remains poorly understood, mainly because of the lethal phenotypes of the knockout mice. Functional analysis of such genes using the conditional knockout approach is hindered by the lack of suitable Cre transgenic lines. We describe here the generation of transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the meiotic Spo11 gene. Using LacZ-R26(loxP) and EYFP-R26(loxP) reporter mice, we show the specific expression and activity of Cre during meiosis in males and females. Spo11(Cre) mice were then crossed with floxed Nbs1 and JAM-C mice to produce conditional knockouts. A strong reduction of Nbs1 and JAM-C protein levels was found in the testis. Although Nbs1-deleted mice developed minor gonadal abnormalities, JAM-C-knockout mice showed a spermiogenetic arrest, as previously described for the null mice. These results provide strong evidence that Spo11(Cre) transgenic mice represent a powerful tool for deleting genes of interest specifically in meiotic and/or in postmeiotic germ cells.
Physico-mechanical Characterization of Liquid versus Solid Applications of Visible Light Cross-Linked Tissue Sealants (2019)

The limitations of commercially available tissue sealants have resulted in the need for a new tissue adhesives with adequate adhesion, improved mechanical properties, and innocuous degradation products. To address current limitations, a visible light cross-linking method for the preparation of hydrogel tissue sealants, based on natural polymers (chitosan or alginate), is presented. Water-soluble chitosan was generated via modification with vinyl groups. To form hydrogels, alginate and chitosan were cross-linked by green light illumination, with or without the use of a bifunctional cross-linker. Evaluation of the mechanical properties through rheological characterization demonstrated an increased viscosity of polymer blends, and differences in shear moduli despite similar gelation points upon photo-cross-linking. A comparative study on the burst pressure properties of liquid versus solid material applications was performed to determine if the tissue sealants can perform under physiological lung pressures and beyond using different application methods. Higher burst pressure values were obtained for the sealants applied as a liquid compared to the solid application. The hydrogel tissue sealants revealed no cytotoxic effects toward primary human mesenchymal stem cells. This is the first report of a direct comparison between hydrogel tissue sealants of the same formulation applied in liquid versus solid form.
Surfaceinduced Dissociation: An Effective Tool to Probe Structure, Energetics and Fragmentation Mechanisms of Protonated Peptides (1996)

The utility of surface-induced dissociation (SID) to probe the structure, energetics and fragmentation mechanisms of protonated peptides is discussed and demonstrated. High internal energy deposition provided by low-energy (eV range) ion–surface collisions yields extensive fragmentation of protonated peptides, allowing relatively uncomplicated and rapid sequence analysis of oligopeptides. SID of multiply protonated peptides is illustrated for peptides with molecular mass of up to ∽5000 u. It is also illustrated that SID combined with electrospray ionization (ESI) provides a distinctive experimental technique to determine the energetics and mechanisms of peptide fragmentation. The relative position of ESI/SID fragmentation efficiency curves (plots of percentage fragmentation vs. laboratory collision energy) for peptides can be utilized to estimate relative energetics of peptide fragmentation and even to predict proton localization sites. The observed trends support the essential role of the mobile proton model in understanding peptide fragmentation by low-energy tandem mass spectrometry.
Purification and characterization of rat epididymal neutral β-galactosidase and its changes during in vivo development (1993)

A neutral beta-D-galactosidase has been partially purified from rat epididymis and characterized. The enzyme having molecular mass of approximately 50 kilodaltons has been purified 400-fold by using calcium phosphate gel adsorption, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and concanavalin A--agarose affinity chromatography. Although the neutral enzyme binds to the concanavalin A affinity column, the activity could be eluted with alpha-methyl mannoside only if the buffer contained salt (NaCl) at a concentration as high as 0.3 M. The enzyme was of cytosolic origin, since 90% of the total enzymic activity of the tissue homogenate was recovered in the soluble fraction of these cells. The neutral beta-galactosidase was not dependent on metal ions for its activity and it had a pH optimum of 7.0. Zn2+, p-chloromercuribenzoate, Hg2+, and Pb2+ served as potent inhibitors of the enzyme. There was a marked increase (approximately fourfold) in the specific activity of the neutral beta-galactosidase during sexual maturity of epididymis in vivo.
Conflict of Interest in Formation of Articles in Wikipedia (2016)

<i>One of the aspects of university library work is introduction of new technologies, including use of online encyclopedias in library service. The article deals with problem of conflict of interest in process formation of articles in Wikipedia, investigates criteria for the assessments of content quality of electronic encyclopedia through feature separation of qualitative and low-quality articles, and provides suggestions for conflict resolution of stakeholders and content quality improvement</i> <i>Одним из направлений работы университетской библиотеки является внедрение новейших технологий, в том числе применения в библиотечном сервисе онлайн-энциклопедий. В статье рассматривается проблема возникновения конфликта интересов в процессе формирования статей в Википедии, исследуются критерии оценки качества контента электронной энциклопедии через выделение признаков качественных и некачественных статей, предоставляются предложения по решению конфликта стейкхолдеров и улучшение качества контента.</i> <i>Одним із напрямів роботи університетської бібліотеки є впровадження новітніх технологій, у тому числі застосування в бібліотечному сервісі онлайн-енциклопедій. У статті розглядається проблема виникнення конфлікту інтересів у процесі формування статей у Вікіпедії, досліджуються критерії оцінки якості контенту електронної енциклопедії через виокремлення ознак якісних та неякісних статей, надаються пропозиції щодо вирішення конфлікту стейкхолдерів та покращення якості контенту.</i>
Ammonia volatilization from urea, ammonium sulfate and NutraSweet sludge in bare and straw‐covered soils (1992)

Abstract NutraSweet sludge, a by‐product from the manufacture of the artificial sweetner aspartame, is often applied to land as fertilizer. In many cases, the sludge is surface‐applied, which could result in gaseous losses of nitrogen. In order to determine the relative importance of nitrogen losses through ammonia volatilization, a laboratory study was conducted to compare NutraSweet sludge with ammonium sulfate and urea at equivalent rates of nitrogen. The materials were surface‐applied to two soils in the presence or absence of a surface mulch of straw, and ammonia volatilization was measured over a 16‐day period at 25°C. The soils were collected from areas mapped as Tifton (Fine loamy, siliceous, thermic Plinthic Paleudults) and Dothan (Fine loamy, siliceious, thermic Typic Hapludults) series, respectively. The results show that relative to urea, the NutraSweet sludge loses ammonia more slowly throughout the incubation period but particularly in the initial stages. The straw did not affect ammonia volatilization in Tifton soil, but significanly reduced the loss of ammonia from NutraSweet sludge and urea in Dothan soil. To ensure maximum utilization of the nitrogen applied, the sludge should be incorporated into the soil whenever possible.
Collaborative classification of growing collections with evolving facets (2007)

There is a lack of tools for exploring large non-textual collections. One challenge is the manual effort required to add metadata to these collections. In this paper, we propose an architecture that enables users to collaboratively build a faceted classification for a large, growing collection. Besides a novel wiki-like classification interface, the proposed architecture includes automated document classification and facet schema enrichment techniques. We have implemented a prototype for the American Political History multimedia collection from usa.gov.
Treatment of corticosteroid refractory optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis patients with intravenous immunoglobulin (2008)

The use of IVIG, following corticosteroids, may be useful using the protocol described herein, with sustained pulsed dosing. A larger controlled trial is indicated to confirm these results.
Calibration techniques for single-sensor ultrasound imaging with a coding mask (2018)

We consider a model-based ultrasound imaging scenario using a single transducer with a coding mask, and assume that the pulse-echo model is erroneously estimated, resulting in decreased imaging performance. Although the pulse-echo Green's function to each pixel has to be measured to obtain a good model, typically only forward-field measurements are obtained for better SNR, from which the pulse-echo Green's functions are estimated. However, if the transducer's receive transfer function is different from the transmit transfer function, the forward-field measurements do not incorporate the receive transfer function, resulting in an incorrect pulse-echo model. We propose two calibration techniques that start with this erroneous model, and update it using pulse-echo measurements. In the first technique we assume the calibration phantom is known a priori, whereas in the second technique we use multiple random calibration phantoms of which only the second-order statistics are assumed to be known beforehand. Both methods are able to significantly improve the pulse-echo model, strongly improving imaging performance. Our simulation results show that the first technique works best, since there is no uncertainty about the calibration image, whereas the blind calibration technique requires no exact knowledge of the calibration phantom, making it robust to positioning or manufacturing errors.
Synthesis and antitumor activity of some 8-substituted-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyrans (1985)

SCOPUS: NotDefined.j
Light Represses Transcription of Asparagine Synthetase Genes in Photosynthetic and Nonphotosynthetic Organs of Plants (1991)

Asparagine synthetase (AS) mRNA in Pisum sativum accumulates preferentially in plants grown in the dark. Nuclear run-on experiments demonstrate that expression of both the AS1 and AS2 genes is negatively regulated by light at the level of transcription. A decrease in the transcriptional rate of the AS1 gene can be detected as early as 20 min after exposure to light. Time course experiments reveal that the levels of AS mRNA fluctuate dramatically during a "normal" light/dark cycle. This is due to a direct effect of light and not to changes associated with circadian rhythm. A novel finding is that the light-repressed expression of the AS1 gene is as dramatic in nonphotosynthetic organs such as roots as it is in leaves. Experiments demonstrate that the small amount of light which passes through the soil is sufficient to repress AS1 expression in roots, indicating that light has a direct effect on AS1 gene expression in roots. The negative regulation of AS gene expression by light was shown to be a general phenomenon in plants which also occurs in nonlegumes such as Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Nicotiana tabacum. Thus, the AS genes can serve as a model with which to dissect the molecular basis for light-regulated transcriptional repression in plants.
Methods of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites from renewable resource materials and application of same (2023)

A method of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of (a) dissolving a first amount of an alkali salt of lignosulfonate in water to form a first solution, (b) heating the first solution to a first temperature, (c) adding a second amount of iron sulfate (FeSO.sub.4) to the first solution to form a second solution, (d) heating the second solution at a second temperature for a first duration of time effective to form a third solution of iron lignosulfonate, (e) adding a third amount of 1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to the third solution of iron lignosulfonate to form a fourth solution with a first pH level, (f) heating the fourth solution at a third temperature for a second duration of time to form a first sample, and (g) subjecting the first sample to a microwave radiation for a third duration of time effective to form a second sample containing a plurality of carbon-magnetite nanocomposites.