gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiband theory of Bloch-electron dynamics in a homogeneous electric field (1994)

A multiband theory of Bloch electron dynamics in a uniform electric field of arbitrary strength is presented. In this formalism, the electric field is described through the use of the vector potential. Multiband coupling is treated through the use of the Wigner-Weisskopf approximation, thus allowing for a Bloch-electron transition out of the initial band due to the power absorbed by the electric field; also, the approximation insures conservation of total transition probability over the complete set of excited bands. The choice of the vector-potential gauge leads to a natural set of extended time-dependent basis functions for describing Bloch-electron dynamics in a homogeneous electric field; an associated basis set of localized, electric-field-dependent Wannier and related envelope functions are utilized in the analysis to demonstrate the inherent localization manifest in Bloch dynamics in the presence of relatively strong electric fields. From the theory, a generalized Zener tunneling time is derived in terms of the applied uniform electric field and the relevant band parameters; specific results are derived from the general theory using a nearest-neighbor tight-binding, multiband model, and are shown to have identical parametric dependence on electric field, but different, more realistic dependence on the appropriate band-structure parameters than those of the well-known Kane and effective-mass two-band model. Further, the analysis shows an electric-field-enhanced broadening of the excited-state probability amplitudes, thus resulting in spatial lattice delocalization and the onset of smearing of discrete, Stark-ladder, and band-to-band transitions due to the presence of the electric field.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is characterized by dysbacteriosis of the nasal microbiota (2018)

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) patients are often characterized by asthma comorbidity and a type-2 inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa. The mucosal microbiota has been suggested to be implicated in the persistence of inflammation, but associations have not been well defined. To compare the bacterial communities of healthy subjects with CRSwNP patients, we collected nasal swabs from 17 healthy subjects, 21 CRSwNP patients without asthma (CRSwNP-A), and 20 CRSwNP patients with co-morbid asthma (CRSwNP+A). We analysed the microbiota using high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA. Bacterial communities were different between the three groups. Haemophilus influenzae was significantly enriched in CRSwNP patients, Propionibacterium acnes in the healthy group; Staphylococcus aureus was abundant in the CRSwNP-A group, even though present in 57% of patients. Escherichia coli was found in high amounts in CRSwNP+A patients. Nasal tissues of CRSwNP+A patients expressed significantly higher concentrations of IgE, SE-IgE, and IL-5 compared to those of CRSwNP-A patients. Co-cultivation demonstrated that P. acnes growth was inhibited by H. influenzae, E. coli and S. aureus. The nasal microbiota of healthy subjects are different from those of CRSwNP-A and CRSwNP+A patients. However, the most abundant species in healthy status could not inhibit those in CRSwNP disease.
Stressed Out - Therapeutic Implications of ER Stress Related Cancer Research (2017)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an established and well-studied cellular response to the stress and serves to relieve the stress and reinstate cellular homeostasis. It occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), responsible of properly folding and processing of secretory and transmembrane proteins. It is extremely sensitive to alteration in homeostasis caused by various internal or external stressors which leads to accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER lumen. The UPR works by restoring protein homeostasis in the ER, either through the boosting of protein-folding and degradation capability or by assuaging the demands for such effects, and can cause the activation of cell death if unable to do so. Cancer cells have adapted to gain advantage from the UPR and keeping the cell away from apoptosis and promoting survival, including survival of the cancer stem cells and evading the immune system. Several components of the UPR are overexpressed in a malignant cell and are responsible for resistance from various chemotherapy options and radiotherapy, which are also responsible for causing ER stress and activating the UPR. In this review, we discuss the various ways in which UPR can aid different cancers to survive and evade therapy and highlight recent research, which exploits the UPR to confer sensitivity to these cancer cells against various drugs and radiation.
Light-Driven Reductive Cleavage of Sulfonamides Promoted by Thiourea Organophotosensitizers (2023)

We have developed a practical method to perform the reductive photocleavage of sulfonamides using thioureas as organophotocatalysts. This transformation, which tolerates a variety of substrates, occurs under mild reaction conditions in the presence of tetrabutylammonium borohydride as a reducing agent. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigations complete the study, shedding light on the nature of the active species involved in the photocatalytic process.
Identical Substitutions in Magnesium Chelatase Paralogs Result in Chlorophyll-Deficient Soybean Mutants (2014)

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] chlorophyll-deficient line MinnGold is a spontaneous mutant characterized by yellow foliage. Map-based cloning and transgenic complementation revealed that the mutant phenotype is caused by a nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution in the third exon of a Mg-chelatase subunit gene (ChlI1a) on chromosome 13. This gene was selected as a candidate for a different yellow foliage mutant, T219H (Y11y11), that had been previously mapped to chromosome 13. Although the phenotypes of MinnGold and T219H are clearly distinct, sequencing of ChlI1a in T219H identified a different nonsynonymous mutation in the third exon, only six base pairs from the MinnGold mutation. This information, along with previously published allelic tests, were used to identify and clone a third yellow foliage mutation, CD-5, which was previously mapped to chromosome 15. This mutation was identified in the ChlI1b gene, a paralog of ChlI1a. Sequencing of the ChlI1b allele in CD-5 identified a nonsynonymous substitution in the third exon that confers an identical amino acid change as the T219H substitution at ChlI1a. Protein sequence alignments of the two Mg-chelatase subunits indicated that the sites of amino acid modification in MinnGold, T219H, and CD-5 are highly conserved among photosynthetic species. These results suggest that amino acid alterations in this critical domain may create competitive inhibitory interactions between the mutant and wild-type ChlI1a and ChlI1b proteins.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 5, Tables 1 - 2 from Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibition Provides a Novel Therapy for Treating Hematologic Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 346KB, Supplementary Figure 1. Normal vs. Tumor expression of PIM kinases mRNA across 17 tissue types. Supplementary Figure 2. Comparison of LGB321 on-target activity vs. Previously described pan-PIM inhibitor. Supplementary Figure 3. KINOMESCANTM of 1 mu M LGB321. Supplementary Figure 4. Biochemical and cellular selectivity of the LGB321 PIM inhibitor series towards GSK3 beta. Supplementary Figure 5. LGB321 does not inhibit EGFR signaling in HCC1954 cells. Supplementary Table 1. Sensitivity to LGB321 and Erlotinib of Lung Cells in the CCLE. Supplementary Table 2. Sensitivity to LGB321 of hematological malignacies cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of Afrezza on glucose dynamics during HCL treatment (2020)

&lt;b&gt;Objective: &lt;/b&gt;A major obstacle in optimizing the performance of closed-loop (CL) automated insulin delivery systems has been the delay in insulin absorption and action that results from the subcutaneous (SC) route of insulin delivery leading to exaggerated post-meal hyperglycemic excursions. We aimed to investigate the effect of Afrezza inhaled insulin with ultrafast-in and out action profile on improving post-prandial blood glucose control during hybrid closed loop (HCL) treatment in young adults with type 1 diabetes. &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods: &lt;/b&gt;We conducted an inpatient, three-way, randomized crossover standardized meal study to assess the efficacy and safety of Afrezza at a low (A&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;) and a high (&lt;a&gt;A&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) dose as compared to a standard SC rapid-acting insulin (aspart) pre-meal bolus during Diabetes Assistant (DiAs) HCL treatment. Participants received two sequential meals on three study days, and pre-meal insulin bolus was determined based on home insulin to carbohydrate ratio for each meal (rounded up to the closest available Afrezza cartridge dose for A&lt;sub&gt;H &lt;/sub&gt;and down for A&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;). The primary efficacy outcome was the peak postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) level calculated by pooling data for up to four hours after the start of each meal. Secondary outcomes included hyperglycemic, hypoglycemic, and euglycemic venous glucose metrics. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results: &lt;/b&gt;The mean PPG for the rapid acting insulin control arm and A&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt; were similar (185±50mg/dL vs. 195±46mg/dL, respectively; p=0.45), while it was higher for meals using A&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; (208±54mg/dL, p=0.04). The A&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt; achieved significantly lower early PPG level than the control arm (30 min; p&lt;0.001), and improvement in PPG waned at later time points (120 and 180 min; p=0.02) coinciding with the end of Afrezza glucodynamic action. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/b&gt;Afrezza (A&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;) pre-meal bolus reduced the early glycemic excursion and improved PPG during HCL compared to aspart pre-meal bolus. The improvement in PPG was not sustained after the end of Afrezza glucodynamic action at 120min. &lt;/p&gt;
Critical role of estrogen receptor on anoikis and invasion of squamous cell carcinoma (2007)

Estrogen receptor (ER) plays an important role in various physiological functions. We examined whether ERalpha and ERbeta are expressed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and whether ER is a potential target for antitumor therapy. High-level expression of ERbeta, but not ERalpha, was observed in tumor cells of human primary SCC tissues and various SCC cultured cell lines. Treatment with ER antagonist (tamoxifen), but not agonist (estradiol), caused apoptotic cell death of SCC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Adhesion of SCC was inhibited by the treatment with tamoxifen, but not with estradiol. Tamoxifen reduced the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), resulting in decreases in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (Erk) and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Inhibition of FAK phosphorylation is accompanied by disorder of the cytoskeletal component actin. The cell death caused by tamoxifen is therefore the result of direct interference in cell adhesion, which is called 'anoikis', involving a decrease in intracellular FAK signaling. Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor was also inhibited by treatment with a high concentration of tamoxifen. Knockdown of ERbeta by small interfering RNA inhibited the proliferation of SCC. In addition, tamoxifen strongly inhibited invasion of SCC. These results imply a potentially important role for ER, whose inhibition may be effective for the treatment of SCC and the prevention of invasion and metastasis.
Unilateral Vestibular Deafferentation Induces Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Protein Expression in the Guinea Pig Lateral but not Medial Vestibular Nuclei (1998)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of the neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in the vestibular nucleus complex (VNC) following unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD). Using immunohistochemistry, BDNF expression was analyzed in the bilateral VNC of the guinea pig in sham animals, and immediately, 10 h, and 50 h post-UVD. No BDNF expression was seen in the VNC in sham animals or immediately or 10 h post-UVD. However, at 50 h post-UVD, clear BDNF expression was seen in the bilateral lateral vestibular nuclei (LVN) and in the bilateral abducens nuclei, but not in the medial vestibular nuclei (MVN). The significance of this late BDNF expression is nuclear.
Associations of the microbiome and esophageal disease (2019)

The incidence of esophageal diseases such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been increasing over the last 40 years. The esophageal microbiome appears to have a role in the development of some disease processes, and could also serve as markers of early diseases of the esophagus. A literature review was performed examining the role of the microbiome in the development of esophageal disease. In addition, the results of several studies and experiments were included in the review. Both EAC and GERD have increased in incidence over the last 40 years. Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a risk factor for EAC. Patients with BE appear to have a microbiome expression pattern distinct from patients without BE. The distinct pattern may be related to factors within the distal esophagus such as a more acidic environment, intraluminal stasis and other elements. It remains unclear whether the change in microflora leads to esophageal disease, or whether the disease process within the esophagus allows these particular organisms to experience overgrowth compared to other microflora. Patient factors such as body mass index (BMI), diet and geographic location also appear to affect the esophageal microbiome. There is an association with the esophageal microbiome and several esophageal diseases. Future studies should examine these correlations more closely. The distinct patterns may be able to serve as a marker of early disease, and possibly lead to a mechanism for the development of esophageal disease.
Ratio of involved/uninvolved immunoglobulin quantification by Hevylite™ assay: clinical and prognostic impact in multiple myeloma (2012)

HLC and HLCR quantify the precise amount of the involved immunoglobulin more accurately than other methods; moreover, they carry prognostic information regarding survival in MM patients.
Синтез новых 1,3,4-тиадиазинов и их способность ингибировать неферментативное гликозилирование белков (2015)

Синтезирована группа новых соединений класса 1,3,4-тиадиазина циклоконденсацией α-галогенацетофенонов с оригинальными 4-замещенными тиосемикарбазидами, содержащими остатки аминоалициклов: аминоциклопропил-, аминоциклобутил-, аминоциклопентил- и аминоциклогексил-. Выявлена способность 5 представителей этой группы соединений эффективно ингибировать неферментативное гликозилирование белков в модельной системе in vitro. Полученные результаты испытаний позволяют рекомендовать соединения, содержащие остатки аминоциклопропила LT-1a и LT-1d, для дальнейших испытаний в эксперименте in vivo.
A triple star in disarray -- Multi-epoch observations of T Tauri with VLT-SPHERE and LBT-LUCI (2020)

T Tauri remains an enigmatic triple star for which neither the evolutionary state of the stars themselves, nor the geometry of the complex outflow system is completely understood. Eight-meter class telescopes equipped with state-of-the-art adaptive optics provide the spatial resolution necessary to trace tangential motion of features over a timescale of a few years, and they help to associate them with the different outflows. We used J-, H-, and K-band high-contrast coronagraphic imaging with VLT-SPHERE recorded between 2016 and 2018 to map reflection nebulosities and obtain high precision near-infrared (NIR) photometry of the triple star. We also present molecular hydrogen emission maps of the 1-0 S(1) line at 2.122 micron obtained with LBT-LUCI during its commissioning period at the end of 2016. The data reveal a number of new features in the system, some of which are seen in reflected light and some are seen in H2 emission; furthermore, they can all be associated with the main outflows. The tangential motion of the features provides compelling evidence that T Tauri Sb drives the southeast-northwest outflow. T Tauri Sb has recently faded probably because of increased extinction as it passes through the southern circumbinary disk. While T Tauri Sb is approaching periastron, T Tauri Sa instead has brightened and is detected in all our J-band imagery for the first time.
Crystalization and preliminary x-ray analysis of thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 α-amylase 1 (2000)

Abstract: Crystals of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 a-amylase I, hydrolyzing cyclodextrins and pullulan, were grown by the vapor diffusion methods in two crystal forms with minor variations. The diffraction data were collected up to 2.5 A resolution and both crystals were belong to monoclinic system and a space group of C2 with cell dimensions ofa = 123.6 A, b = 51.7 A, and c = 109.1 A , 13 = 104.2° (crystal form 1) and a= 122.5 A, b = 55.0 A, and c = 108.7 A,13 = 103.8° (crystal form 2).
DC side ripple cancellation in a cascaded multi-level topology for automotive applications (2014)

Cascaded H-Bridge converters are an attractive topology for automotive applications due to the potential improvements in motor efficiency and the system modularity they offer. Isolated voltage sources are required in this structure and one approach to providing these is use of the Dual Active Bridge converter. Regardless of the number of phases in the load, each element in the cascade supplies a single phase, and hence must supply the associated twice output frequency ripple component. The presented control methodologies effectively transfer these twice output frequency ripple components back to the primary side of the Dual Active Bridge converters, where in the case of a balanced multi-phase load, cancellation occurs. This results in both a smaller input and output capacitor requirement for the Dual Active Bridge Converter while ensuring the ripple current is not sourced from the battery in this application. Simulation results for two methodologies are presented, along with experimental results.
Production of VEGF receptor 1 and 2 mRNA and protein during endochondral bone repair is differential and healing phase specific (2010)

Physiological disturbances, including temporary hypoxia, are expected to drive angiogenesis during bone repair. Evidence suggests that the angiogenic ligand vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A plays an important role in this process. We characterized the expression of two receptors that are essential for mediating VEGF signaling, VEGFR1/Flt-1 and VEGFR2/Flk-1/KDR, in a mouse rib fracture model. Their mRNA and protein levels were assessed in four healing phases, which were characterized histologically as hemorrhage formation on postfracture day (PFD) 1, inflammatory response on PFD 3, initiation of callus development on PFD 7, and the presence of a mature callus on PFD 14. Transcript was detected for VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, as well as VEGF. While mRNA expression of VEGFR1 was monophasic throughout all healing phases, VEGFR2 showed a biphasic profile with significantly increased mRNA expression during callus formation and maturation. Expression of VEGF mRNA was characterized by a more gradual increase during callus formation. The protein level for VEGFR1 was below detection sensitivity during the initial healing phase. It was then restored to a stable level, detectable through the subsequent healing phases. Hence, the VEGFR1 protein levels partially mirrored the transcript expression profile. In comparison, the protein level of VEGFR2 increased gradually during the healing phases and peaked at callus maturation. This correlated well with the transcriptional expression of VEGFR2. Intact bone from age-matched male mice had considerable protein levels of VEGFR1 and VEGF, but no detectable VEGFR2. Together, these findings uncovered expression signatures of the VEGF-VEGFR axis in endochondral bone repair.
Investigation of EM radiation changes in SiC based converters throughout device aging (2017)

In this paper, a comprehensive analysis on near field electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of SiC power devices throughout aging is studied. To realize thermally triggered degradation, an accelerated test bench has been built to actively apply power cycles, swing junction temperature and trigger device degradation. The junction temperature of the devices under test (DUT) exposed to 30°C to 170°C swing and after each 250 thermal cycles, the devices are plugged into a Synchronous-Buck converter operating in continuous conduction mode. Device near field EMR is recorded by a fixed-to-clipper near field probe and a spectrum analyzer. In parallel, DUT electrical parameter shifts are measured by curve tracer as well. Possible causes of SiC MOSFET degradation are discussed under the light of the experimental result.
Thymic nurse cells and thymic repopulation after whole body sublethal irradiation in mice. (1984)

Thymic Nurse Cells (TNCs) are lymphoepithelial complexes which are thought to play a role in the early stages of the intrathymic differentiation pathway. Therefore, their repopulation kinetics were analyzed in mice after sublethal whole-body irradiation. Changes of the number of TNCs per thymus were parallel with the evolution of the whole thymocyte population. Particularly, a first wave of TNCs restoration was followed by a secondary depletion and a final recovery. This suggests that TNCs restoration is related to the proliferating progeny of intrathymic radioresistant thymocytes. When normal bone marrow cells were grafted intravenously after irradiation, no secondary depletion was found. This pattern of restoration was obviously related to thymic repopulation by cells which were derived from the inoculated bone marrow. Homing studies with FITC labelled bone marrow cells showed that inoculated bone marrow cells did not penetrate TNCs early after irradiation. Later on, when immigrant cells started to proliferate, they were found preferentially within TNCs before spreading in the whole thymus. The results indicate that interactions between immature thymocytes and epithelial cells within TNCs are critical for the first steps of intrathymic lymphopoiesis.
Potentized homeopathic drug Arsenicum Album 30C inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and up-regulates expression of arsenic resistance gene in arsenite-exposed bacteria Escherichia coli (2012)

Ars Alb 30C ameliorated arsenic toxicity and DNA damage, validating efficacy of ultra-highly diluted remedies used in homeopathy.
A Mobile Browser Prototype for Semantic Information Systems (2013)

Nowadays, companies have to handle large amounts of data every day (e.g. employee data, reports, statements). These data are usually unstructured or semi-structured; they do not have a consistent format, since they come from various sources. As a solution, the Semantic Web provides a common data format, which helps integrate the heterogeneous data. In the industry, in order to be efficient and to remain competitive, it is crucial to have quick, easy, and reliable access to your data from anywhere. In this paper, we introduce a client-server system, which enables browsing of semantic data with smartphones and tablets running Android operating system. The users can access their data using predefined views. These views determine which parts of the data a user can see, and how to present them in the client application. Each user can have different access privileges to different views, so each employee can have a level of access suitable to his status.