gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature evolution of optical properties in plasmonic metals (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Understanding the temperature evolution of optical properties in thin metals is critical for rational design of practical metal based nanophotonic components operating at high temperatures in a variety of research areas, including plasmonics and near-field radiative heat transfer. In this talk, we will present our recent experimental findings on the temperature induced deviations in the optical responses of single- and poly-crystalline metal films – gold, silver and titanium nitride thin films - at elevated temperatures upto 900 0C, in the wavelength range from 370 to 2000 nm. Our findings show that while the real part of the dielectric function changes marginally with temperature, the imaginary part varies drastically. Furthermore, the temperature dependencies were found to be strongly dependent on the film thickness and microstructure/crystallinity. We attribute the observed changes in the optical properties to predominantly three physical processes: 1) increasing electron-phonon interactions, 2) reducing free electron densities and, 3) changes in the electron effective mass. Using extensive numerical simulations we demonstrate the importance of incorporating the temperature induced deviations into numerical models for accurate multiphysics modeling of practical high temperature plasmonic components. We also provide experiment-fitted models to describe the temperature-dependent metal dielectric functions as a sum of Drude and critical point/Lorentz oscillators. These causal analytical models could enable accurate multiphysics modeling of nanophotonic and plasmonic components operating at high temperatures in both frequency and time domains.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis of 4-Phenylquinazolin-2(1H)-one Derivatives that Inhibit Vasopressor Tonus in Rat Thoracic Aorta (2020)

Quinazolinones have pharmacological effects on vascular reactivity through different mechanisms. We synthesized 4-phenylquinazolin-2(1H)-one derivatives under microwave irradiation and tested them on the rat thoracic aorta. The prepared compounds <b>2a-2f</b> were obtained in about 1 h with suitable yields (31-92%). All derivatives produced vasorelaxant effects with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 3.41 ± 0.65 µM to 39.72 ± 6.77 µM. Compounds 2c, 2e and 2f demonstrated the highest potency in endothelium-intact aorta rings (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.31 ± 0.90 µM, 4.94 ± 1.21 µM and 3.41 ± 0.65 µM respectively), and they achieved around 90% relaxation (30 μM). In aorta rings without an endothelium, the effect of compound 2f was abolished. Using the MTT assay to test for cell viability, only compound 2b induced cytotoxicity at the maximum concentration employed (30 µM). The results show that vasorelaxation by 4-phenylquinazolin-2(1H)-one derivatives might depend on the activation of a signalling pathway triggered by endothelium-derived factors.
Inhibited Carnitine Synthesis Causes Systemic Alteration of Nutrient Metabolism in Zebrafish (2018)

Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation has been correlated with many metabolic syndromes, and the metabolic characteristics of the mammalian models of mitochondrial dysfunction have also been intensively studied. However, the effects of the impaired mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation on systemic metabolism in teleost have never been investigated. In the present study, we established a low-carnitine zebrafish model by feeding fish with mildronate as a specific carnitine synthesis inhibitor [0.05% body weight (BW)/d] for 7 weeks, and the systemically changed nutrient metabolism, including carnitine and triglyceride (TG) concentrations, fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation capability, and other molecular and biochemical assays of lipid, glucose, and protein metabolism, were measured. The results indicated that mildronate markedly decreased hepatic carnitine concentrations while it had no effect in muscle. Liver TG concentrations increased by more than 50% in mildronate-treated fish. Mildronate decreased the efficiency of liver mitochondrial β-oxidation, increased the hepatic mRNA expression of genes related to FA β-oxidation and lipolysis, and decreased the expression of lipogenesis genes. Mildronate decreased whole body glycogen content, increased glucose metabolism rate, and upregulated the expression of glucose uptake and glycolysis genes. Mildronate also increased whole body protein content and hepatic mRNA expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (<i>mtor</i>), and decreased the expression of a protein catabolism-related gene. Liver, rather than muscle, was the primary organ targeted by mildronate. In short, mildronate-induced hepatic inhibited carnitine synthesis in zebrafish caused decreased mitochondrial FA β-oxidation efficiency, greater lipid accumulation, and altered glucose and protein metabolism. This reveals the key roles of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation in nutrient metabolism in fish, and this low-carnitine zebrafish model could also be used as a novel fish model for future metabolism studies.
Silver Microstructure Control for Fluxless Bonding Success Using Ag-In System (2010)

A fluxless bonding process is successfully developed between silicon (Si) chips and copper (Cu) substrates using the silver-indium (Ag-In) binary system. This is a new design concept that utilizes thick Ag plated over the Cu substrate to deal with the large mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion between semiconductors, such as Si (3 ppm/°C) and Cu (17 ppm/°C). The Ag layer actually becomes a part of the Ag-Cu substrate. Ag is chosen for the cladding because of its superior physical properties of ductility, high electrical conductivity, and high thermal conductivity. Following the thick Ag layer, 5 μm In and 0.1 μm Ag layers are plated. The thin outer Ag layer inhibits oxidation of inner In. After many bonding experiments, we realize that the success of producing a joint relates to the microstructure of the Ag layer. Ag with small grains results in rapid growth of solid Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> In intermetallic compounds through grain boundary diffusion. Thus, a joint is not obtained because of lack of molten phase (L). To coarsen Ag grains, an annealing step is added to the Ag-plated Cu substrate. This step makes Ag grains 200 times coarser compared to the as-plated Ag. The coarsened microstructure slows down the Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> In growth. Consequently, the (L) phase stays at the molten state with sufficient time to react with the Ag layer on the Si chip to produce a joint. Nearly perfect joints are produced on Ag-plated Cu substrates. The resulting joints consist of pure Ag, Ag-rich solid solution, Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> In, and Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> In. The melting temperature exceeds 650 °C. Using the present process, high temperature joints of high thermal conductivity are made between Si chips and Cu substrates at low bonding temperature (200°C). We foresee the Ag-In system as an important system to explore for various fluxless bonding applications in electronic packaging. This system provides the possibilities of producing joints of wide composition choices and wide melting temperature range. This paper provides preliminary but useful information on how the microstructure of Ag affects the bonding results.
Lysine demethylase 7a regulates murine anterior-posterior development by modulating the transcription of Hox gene cluster (2020)

Temporal and spatial colinear expression of the Hox genes determines the specification of positional identities during vertebrate development. Post-translational modifications of histones contribute to transcriptional regulation. Lysine demethylase 7A (Kdm7a) demethylates lysine 9 or 27 di-methylation of histone H3 (H3K9me2, H3K27me2) and participates in the transcriptional activation of developmental genes. However, the role of Kdm7a during mouse embryonic development remains to be elucidated. Herein, we show that Kdm7a<sup>-/-</sup> mouse exhibits an anterior homeotic transformation of the axial skeleton, including an increased number of presacral elements. Importantly, posterior Hox genes (caudally from Hox9) are specifically downregulated in the Kdm7a<sup>-/-</sup> embryo, which correlates with increased levels of H3K9me2, not H3K27me2. These observations suggest that Kdm7a controls the transcription of posterior Hox genes, likely via its demethylating activity, and thereby regulating the murine anterior-posterior development. Such epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may be harnessed for proper control of coordinate body patterning in vertebrates.
Antimicrobial effect of acidified nitrite on dermatophyte fungi, Candida and bacterial skin pathogens (2001)

Pharmacological preparations of acidified nitrite are novel antimicrobial agents. These data suggest skin organisms which may be sensitive to this treatment.
Organization of Lipids in the Tear Film: A Molecular-Level View (2014)

Biophysical properties of the tear film lipid layer are studied at the molecular level employing coarse grain molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a realistic model of the human tear film. In this model, polar lipids are chosen to reflect the current knowledge on the lipidome of the tear film whereas typical Meibomian-origin lipids are included in the thick non-polar lipids subphase. Simulation conditions mimic those experienced by the real human tear film during blinks. Namely, thermodynamic equilibrium simulations at different lateral compressions are performed to model varying surface pressure, and the dynamics of the system during a blink is studied by non-equilibrium MD simulations. Polar lipids separate their non-polar counterparts from water by forming a monomolecular layer whereas the non-polar molecules establish a thick outermost lipid layer. Under lateral compression, the polar layer undulates and a sorting of polar lipids occurs. Moreover, formation of three-dimensional aggregates of polar lipids in both non-polar and water subphases is observed. We suggest that these three-dimensional structures are abundant under dynamic conditions caused by the action of eye lids and that they act as reservoirs of polar lipids, thus increasing stability of the tear film.
Writing productive stencil codes with overlapped tiling (2008)

Abstract Stencil computations constitute the kernel of many scientific applications. Tiling is often used to improve the performance of stencil codes for data locality and parallelism. However, tiled stencil codes typically require shadow regions, whose management becomes a burden to programmers. In fact, it is often the case that the code required to manage these regions, and in particular their updates, is much longer than the computational kernel of the stencil. As a result, shadow regions usually impact programmers' productivity negatively. In this paper, we describe overlapped tiling , a construct that supports shadow regions in a convenient, flexible and efficient manner in the context of the hierarchically tiled array (HTA) data type. The HTA is a class designed to express algorithms with a high degree of parallelism and/or locality as naturally as possible in terms of tiles. We discuss the syntax and implementation of overlapped HTAs as well as our experience in rewriting parallel and sequential codes using them. The results have been satisfactory in terms of both productivity and performance. For example, overlapped HTAs reduced the number of communication statements in non‐trivial codes by 78% on average while speeding them up. We also examine different implementation options and compare overlapped HTAs with previous approaches. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Environmental DNA : implementation for resource development projects in BC and beyond (2017)

Effective environmental protection, stewardship, and restoration require timely and accurate information about the status of a given ecosystem and the species that occupy it. Animals shed DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) as they complete their life processes, and this environmental DNA (eDNA) can be detected via analysis of samples collected from occupied habitats. Studies of eDNA have gained scientific and regulatory acceptance especially for the survey of at-risk aquatic and semi-aquatic species. The field effort associated with sample collection is less than that associated with traditional baited trapping, electro-shocking and/or physical searches, thus enabling more efficient data acquisition over space and time. In addition, this method is non-invasive to the target species and its habitat, reduces the risk of pathogen transfer between sites, is highly accurate, is very sensitive to detection of aquatic species, is able to detect the presence of pathogens and generally is more cost-effective for species that are difficult to detect using traditional methods. The credibility of eDNA survey data, however, depends on adequate methodological validation and verification; accurate results require rigour during field sampling, sample processing, laboratory analysis and primer design and/or verification. Hemmera recently developed accepted standards for collection of eDNA for the BC Ministry of Environment. The completion of more than 20 eDNA projects in British Columbia and the Yukon since 2014; for 18 aquatic taxa, including fish, amphibians, water shrews and pathogens, has provided clear evidence of the utility of this approach. This paper discusses the strengths and limitations of eDNA as a tool for addressing baseline data and monitoring requirements and assessing the effectiveness of reclamation efforts.
A Potent Plant-Derived Antifungal Acetylenic Acid Mediates Its Activity by Interfering with Fatty Acid Homeostasis (2012)

6-Nonadecynoic acid (6-NDA), a plant-derived acetylenic acid, exhibits strong inhibitory activity against the human fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. In the present study, transcriptional profiling coupled with mutant and biochemical analyses were conducted using the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate its mechanism of action. 6-NDA elicited a transcriptome response indicative of fatty acid stress, altering the expression of genes that are required for yeast growth in the presence of oleate. Mutants of S. cerevisiae lacking transcription factors that regulate fatty acid β-oxidation showed increased sensitivity to 6-NDA. Fatty acid profile analysis indicated that 6-NDA inhibited the formation of fatty acids longer than 14 carbons in length. In addition, the growth inhibitory effect of 6-NDA was rescued in the presence of exogenously supplied oleate. To investigate the response of a pathogenic fungal species to 6-NDA, transcriptional profiling and biochemical analyses were also conducted in C. albicans. The transcriptional response and fatty acid profile of C. albicans were comparable to those obtained in S. cerevisiae, and the rescue of growth inhibition with exogenous oleate was also observed in C. albicans. In a fluconazole-resistant clinical isolate of C. albicans, a fungicidal effect was produced when fluconazole was combined with 6-NDA. In hyphal growth assays, 6-NDA inhibited the formation of long hyphal filaments in C. albicans. Collectively, our results indicate that the antifungal activity of 6-NDA is mediated by a disruption in fatty acid homeostasis and that 6-NDA has potential utility in the treatment of superficial Candida infections.
Analysis and Modeling of Expressive Intentions in Music Performance (2003)

A performer can convey different expressive intentions when playing a piece of music. Perceptual and acoustic analysis of expressive music performances attempts to understand the musicians' strategies. Moreover, models for rendering different expressive intentions were developed for both analysis and deeper multimedia products fruition.
Kawasaki-like Disease in a Young Adult (1979)

KAWASAKI disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) is an acute febrile illness of unknown cause, which is usually seen in young children.<sup>1</sup>A young asplenic adult had the features of Kawasaki disease occurring in association with heterophilantibody-negative Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis. Modification of the immune response to Epstein-Barr virus by asplenia may have led to this unusual presentation of infectious mononucleosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 18-year-old white man who was working for the summer as a poultry butcher was admitted on Sept 1 with a 15-day history of headache, fever, and rash. He had undergone splenectomy following trauma at age 13 years. The Figure summarizes the clinical course. On the day of onset of illness, chills, myalgias, sore throat, and headache developed, and a bright-red face and lips were noted. On the third day, a physician noted cervical lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis and prescribed oral penicillin V potassium for suspected
Triggering GaAs Lock-On Switches with Laser Diode (1991)

We have been able to demonstrate that GaAs switches op- erated in the high gain mode called meet the required elec- trical switching parameters of several applications that require a com- pact switch. This paper will describe the progress that leads to the triggering of high-power Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches (PCSS) switches with laser diode arrays. As of this writing, we have used an 850-W optical pulse from a laser diode array to trigger a 1.5-cm-long switch that delivered 8.5 MW to a 38.3-0 load. Using 166-W arrays we have triggered a 2.5-mm-long switch delivering 1.2 MW with 600-ps rise times at pulse repetition frequencies of 1 kHz. These 2.5-mm-long switches survived lo5 pulses at 1.0-MW levels. In single-pulse operation we have switched up to 600 A with laser diode arrays. Our goal is to switch up to 5 kA in a single shot mode and up to 100 MW repetitively at up to 10 kHz. At electric fields below 3 kV/cm GaAs switches are activated by creation of one electron-hole pair per photon. This linear mode demands high laser power and, after the light pulse, the carriers recombine in nanoseconds. At higher electric fields GaAs acts as a light activated Zener diode. The laser light generates carriers as before but the field induces gain such that the amount of light required to trigger the switch is reduced by a factor of up to 500. The gain continues unit1 the field across the sample drops to a material- dependent lock-on field. The gain in the switch allows for the use of laser diodes.
Chemical and physical properties of sugarcane bagasse irradiated with .gamma. rays (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical and physical properties of sugarcane bagasse irradiated with .gamma. raysYoun W. Han, Edwin A. Catalano, and Alex CieglerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1983, 31, 1, 34–38Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00115a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00115a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2244Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Medicolegal Aspects of the Orthopaedic Care for Shoulder Injuries (2005)

The medicolegal aspects of orthopaedic care increasingly are becoming an important focus of physicians. Because of the rarity of publications on the subject, I will examine medical litigation in orthopaedics, specifically in regards to shoulder injuries. There are several reasons for recent increases in malpractice litigation. Increased orthopaedic specialization and advanced technologies have raised patient expectations while the media have informed patients of the potential financial rewards of litigation. I will discuss three cases of litigation regarding shoulder injuries including reasons for malpractice and what can be done to avoid it. In Case 1 I examine an implant failure of a rotator cuff repair. The failure was caused by a manufacturing error; therefore, the importance of being familiar with the equipment and the companies that a physician deals with is emphasized in this case. Case 2 is another failed rotator cuff repair; this litigation stemmed from poor patient selection and a lack of preoperative patient-physician communication. Finally, Case 3 involved retained hardware, a surgical mistake that often results in a substantial settlement because it is considered indefensible. These cases highlight the potential for malpractice and can be applied more broadly to all branches of orthopaedics. Most litigation, however, can be avoided with careful diagnostic procedures, greater experience with equipment, and better communication.
Spectral hole-burning spectroscopy inNd3+:YVO4 (2008)

We present spectral hole-burning measurements on the $879\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, $^{4}I_{9∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}F_{3∕2}$ transition in ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}:\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. We observe antiholes in the spectrum along with long lived spectral holes, which demonstrates optical pumping between the ground state Zeeman levels. The spectral holes are narrow (homogeneous linewidth of $63\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}$) at $2.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ with a $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mT}$ applied magnetic field. We also perform preliminary spectral tailoring in this material by creating a $40\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$ wide transmission window in the inhomogeneous absorption. These results show the potential of the Zeeman levels in Nd doped materials to be used for spectral tailoring for quantum and classical information processing.