gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kollektív jelenségek multifrekvenciás elektron spin rezonancia vizsgálata szilárdtestekban = Multifrequency Electron spin resonance studies of Collective phenomena in solids (2007)

Kollektív jelenségeket vizsgáltunk szilárdtestekben multifrekvenciás elektron spin rezonancia spektroszkópiai módszerrel. - Szupravezetők és rokon mágnesesen rendezett anyagok A ma már "klasszikusnak" számító CuO2 alapú perovszkit szupravezetőkben munkánk a az antiferromágnesség és szupravezető állapotú rendszerek határán levő anyagokra irányult. Részletesen vizsgáltuk az elektromos töltés és mágneses spinsűrüség térbeli eloszlását. - Manganit perovszkitok mágnesesen rendezett és töltésrendezett állapotai Három, szerkezetében különböző rendszert vizsgáltunk, melyeknél a legérdekesebb kérdés az elméletileg jósolt inhomogén töltéseloszlás kísérleti kimutatása volt. - Elektron delokalizáció fullerén és szénalapú nanoszerkezetekben Részletesen vizsgáltuk a C59N-nel dópolt C60 rendszert, amely a fullerén félvezetők modellje lehet. Látszólagos egyszerűsége ellenére különleges mágneses és elektromos tulajdonságokat találtunk, melyeket értelmeztünk. A szén alapú nanocsövekbe fullerén spinjelzőt töltöttünk, ami lehetűvé teszi elektromos tulajdonságainak tanulmányozását. A munkát számos külföldi laboratóriummal együttműködve végeztük. Az ESR vizsgálatokat a BME-n fejlesztett, multifrekvenciás és az MTA-KKI 2004-ben felállított Bruker típusú 9 GHz-s ESR spektrométerén végeztük. Eredményeinket neves folyóiratokban közöltük. Megszerveztük a nagyfrekvenciás ESR spektroszkópia SENTINEL Európai Hálózatának zárókonferenciáját Budapesten. | We investigated collective phenomena in solids by multifrequency electron spin resonance spectroscopy. - Superconductors and parent magnetically ordered materials In the now 'classic' CuO2 based perovskite superconductors we focused on systems on the borderline of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. We investigated in detail the spatial distribution of magnetic spin density and charge density. - Magnetic and charge ordered states in manganite perovskites We investigated three structurally different systems for which the experimental verification of the theoretically predicted inhomogeneous charge distribution is the most interesting problem. - Electron delocalization in fullerene-based and carbon-based nanostructures We investigated in detail the C59N doped C60 system that may be regarded as a model system for fullerene semiconductors. In spite of its apparent simplicity it shows special electronic and magnetic features that were explained. We filled the carbon nanotubes with fullerene spin labels that enable the study of its electric properties. The work was accomplished in collaboration with several foreign laboratories. The ESR studies were performed on the multifrequency spectrometer built at the BUTE and the Bruker spectrometer at the Chemical Research Institute of the HAS. Results were published in well-known journals. We organized the closing conference of the SENTINEL European Network for high frequency ESR spectroscopy.
Automating exercise generation (2012)

The advent of massively open online courses (MOOCs) poses several technical challenges for educators. One of these challenges is the need to automate, as much as possible, the generation of problems, creation of solutions, and grading, in order to deal with the huge number of students. We collectively refer to this challenge as automated exercise generation. In this paper, we present a step towards tackling this challenge for an embedded systems course. We present a template-based approach to classifying problems in a recent textbook by Lee and Seshia, and outline approaches to problem and solution generation based on mutation and satisfiability solving. Several directions for future work are also outlined.
A twist on folding: Predicting optimal sequences and optimal folds of simple protein models with the hidden-force algorithm (2012)

We propose a new way of looking at global optimization of off-lattice protein models. We present a dual optimization concept of predicting optimal sequences as well as optimal folds. We validate the utility of the recently introduced hidden-force Monte Carlo optimization algorithm by finding significantly lower energy folds for minimalist protein models than previously reported. Further, we also find the protein sequence that yields the lowest energy fold amongst all sequences for a given chain length and residue mixture. In particular, for protein models with a binary sequence, we show that the sequence-optimized folds form more compact cores than the lowest energy folds of the historically fixed, Fibonacci-series sequences of chain lengths of 13, 21, 34, 55, and 89. We emphasize that while the protein model we used is minimalist, the methodology is applicable to detailed protein models, and sequence optimization may yield novel folds and aid de novo protein design.
The Marketing Education Task in Third World Countries (1984)

Among marketers, there is a tendency to assume that essentially North American or Western European marketing ideas can be readily transplanted into the Third World environment. This article discusses the peculiar features of developing countries, stresses the need for modifications to marketing course content and makes recommendations to the educator.
Taper corrosion: a complication of total hip arthroplasty (2020)

The focus on taper corrosion in modular hip arthroplasty increased around 2007 as a result of clinical problems with large-head metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings on standard stems. Corrosion problems with bi-modular primary hip stems focused attention on this issue even more. Factors increasing the risk of taper corrosion were identified in laboratory and retrieval studies: stiffness of the stem neck, taper diameter and design, head diameter, offset, assembly force, head and stem material and loading. The high variability of the occurrence of corrosion in the clinical application highlights its multi-factorial nature, identifying the implantation procedure and patient-related factors as important additional factors for taper corrosion. Discontinuing the use of MoM has reduced the revisions due to metal-related pathologies dramatically from 49.7% (MoM &gt; 32 mm), over 9.2% (MoM ⩽ 32 mm) to 0.8% (excluding all MoM). Further reduction can be achieved by omitting less stiff Ti-alloys and large metal heads (36 mm and above) against polyethylene (PE). Standardized taper assembly of smaller and ceramic heads will reduce the clinical occurrence of taper corrosion even further. If 36 mm heads are clinically indicated, only ceramic heads should be used. Taper-related problems will not comprise a major clinical problem anymore if the mentioned factors are respected. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:776-784. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200013
The spectator, (1712-1714) (1996)

I shall first consider those pleasures of the imagination, which arise from the actual view and survey of outward objects: and these, I think, all proceed from the sight of what is great, uncommon, or beautiful. There may, indeed, be something so terrible or offensive, that the horror or loathsomeness of an object may overbear the pleasure which results from its greatness, novelty, or beauty; but still there will be such a mixture of delight in the very disgust it gives us, as any of these three qualifications are most conspicuous and prevailing.
Assisted fertilization by zona drilling: A mouse model for correction of oligospermia (1986)

A micromanipulation apparatus was used to produce holes in the zonae pellucidae of unfertilized mouse oocytes. A microneedle loaded with acid Tyrode's solution was brought into contact with the zona surface, and positive flow was used in conjunction with mechanical pressure to cause a localized dissolution of the zona. Treated eggs were then fertilized in vitro in comparison with control cells. The zona drilling procedure decreased the sperm count required to achieve fertilization by a factor of approximately 100. The rate of polyspermy in zona-drilled oocytes was not greater than in controls, and oocytes fertilized after drilling, when implanted into pseudopregnant foster females, developed to term at the same rate as controls. The results demonstrate that zona drilling is a safe, effective method of increasing the efficiency of fertilization in vitro and may be useful both in agriculture and medicine for conferring fertility upon males with low sperm counts.
Steel‐Reinforced Glued Laminated Timber (1989)

A possible candidate for replacement of tension laminations in glulam beams is examined. The replacement is a composite of concrete‐reinforcing steel embedded in oriented flakeboard. Pullout tests were used to select the best of three possible furnishes for the composite. After this selection, 2in.6in.×9ft(50.8mm×152.4mm×2.74m) beams were fabricated. Control beams with no reinforcing and beams with one lamina replaced with the steel‐wood composite were tested. The beams were tested both dry (50% RH) and wet (90% RH). The dry beams exhibited increases in stiffness of 24% and 32% and increases in ultimate moment capacity of 29% and 30% for one number 3 or number 4 bar, respectively, in the beam. The wet beams also showed increases in stiffness on the order of 30% but showed no significant increases in strength. This lack of reinforcing effect is likely to be a combination of increased steel stress due to reduced wood modulus of elasticity with increased moisture content and decreased flakeboard internal bond strength due to increased moisture content.
Distortion-Oblivious Algorithms for Minimizing Flow Time (2022)

We consider the classic online problem of scheduling on a single machine to minimize total flow time. In STOC 2021, the concept of robustness to distortion in processing times was introduced: for every distortion factor μ, an O(μ2)-competitive algorithm ALGμ which handles distortions up to μ was presented. However, using that result requires one to know the distortion of the input in advance, which is impractical. We present the first distortion-oblivious algorithms: algorithms which are competitive for every input of every distortion, and thus do not require knowledge of the distortion in advance. Moreover, the competitive ratios of our algorithms are Õ(μ), which is a quadratic improvement over the algorithm from STOC 2021, and is nearly optimal (we show a randomized lower bound of Ω(μ) on competitiveness).
Abnormal Grain Growth and New Core–Shell Structure in (K,Na)NbO 3 ‐Based Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics (2007)

A unique core–shell structure was observed in coarse grains in (K,Na)NbO 3 (KNN)‐based lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics. It is morphologically different from the chemical inhomogeneity‐induced core–shell grain structure reported previously in BaTiO 3 ‐based ceramics. The core region is composed of highly parallel nanosized subgrains, whereas the shell region consists of larger‐sized but similar self‐assembled subgrains. The electron‐backscattered diffraction analysis and selected area electron diffraction pattern confirmed that coarse grains with a core–shell structure were single‐crystalline‐like grains. The formation process of such coarse grains was then discussed based on mesocrystal growth along with the classical theory of grain growth. The two studied KNN‐based systems showed a similar grain growth transformation: from self‐assembled aggregation clusters with nanosized subgrains to a typical core–shell grain structure when the sintering temperature was increased only by a range of 10°–20°C. The volatilized alkali metal oxides and liquid phase were supposed to accelerate such grain growth transformation. When abnormal grown grains with a core–shell structure occurred, both systems showed the highest densities and dielectric constants along with the lowest dielectric losses, while their piezoelectric properties tended to decline.
Plaque Rupture in the Carotid Artery: A Combined Imaging, Computational and Histological Analysis (2009)

Cerebro-vascular events are often related to the rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and thrombus formation in the carotid arteries. Haemodynamically significant stenoses experience increased wall shear stress (WSS) in the entrance region but in the post-stenotic region, instead the flow decelerates and tends to become unstable, with separation and recirculation. The high WSS tends to promote processes leading to matrix degradation, with potential rupture, whilst processes stimulated in the post-stenotic zone might be expected to promote further plaque development [1].
Oxygen atom transfer from iodylbenzene to diphenyl diselenide - a convenient method for dehydrogenation of steroidal 3-ketones (1981)

Steroidal 3-ketones are smoothly dehydrogenated in high yield using benzeneseleninic anhydride generated in situ by oxygen atom transfer from iodylbenzene, PhIO2, to catalytic amounts of diphenyl diselenide; use of meta-iodylbenzoic acid in the above cycle has led to the development of an economical and experimentally convenient method avoiding chromatographic separations and with recovery of the m-iodobenzoic acid and the diphenyl diselenide.
Integration of real-time and off-line clinical data in the MIMIC database (2002)

The MIMIC (Multi-parameter Intelligent Monitoring for Intensive Care) database is a collection of recorded physiological signals and clinical data that is intended to support the development and evaluation of automated decision support systems for intensive care settings. Each patient record typically includes 24 to 48 hours of continuous real-time signals (e.g. ECGs, blood pressure waveforms or respiration) and derived measurements (e.g. heart rate or systolic blood pressure), together with clinical data derived from the patient's medical record and from the hospital's clinical computing systems. The clinical data are encoded using structured HTML (readable using a standard Web browser, or by a decision support system or other automated application). An important element of this encoding is a reconstruction of the medical record in the form of a time-line of events, which permits a detailed and repeatable simulation of the inputs that are potentially available to a real-time "intelligent" ICU monitor.
A family of long reiterated DNA sequences, one copy of which is next to the human beta globin gene (1980)

An unusually long repeated DNA sequence was identified in cloned DNA, three kb 3' to the human beta-globin gene. Other members of this repeated sequence family were isolated from a human genomic DNA library and characterized by Southern blotting techniques, electron microscopy, and solution hybridization. The copy located next to the beta-globin gene was found to be 6.4 +/- 0.2 kb long and continuous over that length. This repeated sequence family comprises about 1% of the human genome and contains 3000-4800 copies of moderate sequence divergence which are interspersed with other less-highly repeated DNA. The 6.4 kb repeated unit does not appear to be composed of any smaller tandemly repeated subunits, nor is it expressed at a high level in bone marrow cell RNA.
Experimental study of acoustic reduction technique for H3 launch vehicle (2018)

A subscale Acoustic test, the H3-scaled Acoustic Reduction Experiments (HARE), was conducted to predict liftoff acoustic environments of the H3 launch vehicle currently being developed in Japan. The HARE is based on 2.5% scale H3 vehicle models, which is composed with a GOX/GH2 engine and solid rocket motors, Movable Launcher (ML) models with upper deck water injection system and Launch Pad (LP) models with deflector and lower deck water injection systems. Approximately 20 instruments measured far/near field acoustic and pressure data. Last year the results of the first campaign of the HARE, which aims at understanding the effects of elevation, the shape of ML, were presented. This year, the results of the second campaign which aims at studying the effects of acoustic reduction techniques such as acoustic shields and water injection will be presented.
Study of a Laser Packaging Technique Simulated with ANSYS and VirtualLab Fusion Software (2017)

Mechanico-optical simulations performed with ANSYS and VirtualLab Fusion software to analyze stress-induced birefringence for the packaging of a laser ignition device by a low-stress soldering technique showed almost no influence on the laser output beam.
Recognition Memory in Marmoset and Macaque Monkeys: A Comparison of Active Vision (2018)

The core functional organization of the primate brain is remarkably conserved across the order, but behavioral differences evident between species likely reflect derived modifications in the underlying neural processes. Here, we performed the first study to directly compare visual recognition memory in two primate species-rhesus macaques and marmoset monkeys-on the same visual preferential looking task as a first step toward identifying similarities and differences in this cognitive process across the primate phylogeny. Preferences in looking behavior on the task were broadly similar between the species, with greater looking times for novel images compared with repeated images as well as a similarly strong preference for faces compared with other categories. Unexpectedly, we found large behavioral differences among the two species in looking behavior independent of image familiarity. Marmosets exhibited longer looking times, with greater variability compared with macaques, regardless of image content or familiarity. Perhaps most strikingly, marmosets shifted their gaze across the images more quickly, suggesting a different behavioral strategy when viewing images. Although such differences limit the comparison of recognition memory across these closely related species, they point to interesting differences in the mechanisms underlying active vision that have significant implications for future neurobiological investigations with these two nonhuman primate species. Elucidating whether these patterns are reflective of species or broader phylogenetic differences (e.g., between New World and Old World monkeys) necessitates a broader sample of primate taxa from across the Order.
Dependence of penetration depth, microwave surface resistance and energy gap of MgB2 thin films on their normal-state resistivity (2004)

The dependences of magnetic field penetration depth at zero temperature λ(0), microwave surface resistance Rs and π-band energy gap at zero temperature Δπ(0) on the normal-state resistivity right above the critical temperature, ρ0, were studied for MgB2 thin films prepared by different techniques by employing a sapphire resonator technique. We found that the zero-temperature penetration depth λ(0) data could be well fitted by yielding a London penetration depth λL of 34.5 nm, where ξ0 is the coherence length, and is the mean free path determined from ρ0. The surface resistance Rs at 15 and 20 K increases roughly linearly with ρ0. The observed increase of Δπ(0) with ρ0 and the decrease of Tc indicate the expected effects of interband impurity scattering within an extended BCS approach. The low values of Rs and λ(0) in conjunction with the large coherence length for epitaxial films are potentially attractive for applications in electronics and microwave technology.
Birefringent Chain Filters (1965)

Birefringent chain filters were first described 10 years ago. Since then such filters have undergone considerable development, and experience has been gained with their use. This article includes only a brief review of previous work, which is supplemented with new information.
TRB3 Blocks Adipocyte Differentiation through the Inhibition of C/EBPβ Transcriptional Activity (2007)

TRB3 has been implicated in the regulation of several biological processes in mammalian cells through its ability to influence Akt and other signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of TRB3 in regulating adipogenesis and the activity of adipogenic transcription factors. We find that TRB3 is expressed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and this expression is transiently suppressed during the initial days of differentiation concomitant with induction of C/EBPbeta. This event appears to be a prerequisite for adipogenesis. Overexpression of TRB3 blocks differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells at a step downstream of C/EBPbeta. Ectopic expression of TRB3 in mouse fibroblasts also inhibits the C/EBPbeta-dependent induction of PPARgamma2 and blocks their differentiation into adipocytes. This inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation by TRB3 appears to be the result of two complementary effects. First, TRB3 inhibits extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity, which prevents the phosphorylation of regulatory sites on C/EBPbeta. Second, TRB3 directly interacts with the DR1 domain of C/EBPbeta in the nucleus, further inhibiting both its ability to bind its response element and its ability to transactivate the C/EBPalpha and a-FABP promoters. Thus, TRB3 is an important negative regulator of adipogenesis that acts at an early step in the differentiation cascade to block the C/EBPbeta proadipogenic function.
Profile-Driven Component Placement for Cluster-Based Online Services (2004)

The growth of the Internet and of various intranets has spawned a wealth of online services, most of which are implemented on local-area clusters using remote invocation (for example, remote procedure call/remote method invocation) among manually placed application components. Component placement can be a significant challenge for large-scale services, particularly when application resource needs are workload dependent. Automatic component placement has the potential to maximize overall system throughput. The key idea is to construct (offline) a mapping between input workload and individual-component resource consumption. Such mappings, called component profiles, then support high-performance placement. Preliminary results on an online auction benchmark based on J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition) suggest that profile-driven tools can identify placements that achieve near-optimal overall throughput.
Evaluation of calculated temperature distributions for a 27 MHz ridged waveguide used in localized deep hyperthermia (1987)

The computational model developed by van den Berg has been used to perform two-dimensional simulations of tissue-equivalent phantoms heated by a 27 MHz ridged waveguide. The program is able to calculate temperature distributions for realistic inhomogenous tissue configurations (as derived from CT scans) in about 20 min on a PDP 11-44. Results for tissue-equivalent phantoms are evaluated with respect to their accuracy in predicting actual temperature distributions by comparing them with measured temperature distributions. In general the computer simulation tends to overestimate the depth of penetration; this can be ascribed to the two dimensional approach followed which does not take into account the divergence of the electric field in the third dimension. This effect can to a certain degree be compensated by assigning a higher value for the electrical conductivity of the medium. For homogenous phantoms this results in a satisfactory agreement between measured and calculated temperature distributions. Furthermore, a correct approximation for the electric field distribution over the aperture appears to be of importance, since it significantly influences the calculation results, especially for waveguide loads whose size exceeds the width of the ridge area. For inhomogeneous media the simulation results, using realistic (literature) values for the electrical conductivity, can be used with these limitations in mind, as a best-case estimate of the absorbed power distribution at depth. For more accurate simulations a three-dimensional computer model is ultimately needed.