gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced Material Model of Composite Laminates for 3D Finite Element Analysis (2014)

Laminate composites are widely used in automotive, aerospace, medical, and increasingly in consumer industries, due to their reduced weight, superior structural properties and cost-effectiveness. However, structural analysis of complex laminate structures remains challenging. 2D finite element methods based on plate and shell theories may be accurate and efficient, but they generally do not apply to the whole structure, and require identification and preprocessing (dimensional reduction) of the regions where the underlying assumptions hold. Differences in and limitations of theories for thin/thick plates and shells further complicate modeling and simulation of composites. Fully automated structural analysis using 3D elements with sufficiently high order basis functions is possible in principle, but is rarely practiced due to the significant increase in computational integration cost in the presence of a large number of laminate plies. We propose to replace the actual layup of the laminate structure by a simplified material model, allowing for a substantial reduction of the computational cost of 3D FEA. The reduced model, under the usual assumptions made in lamination theory, has the same constitutive relationship as the corresponding 2D plate model of the original laminate, but requires only a small fraction of computational integration costs in 3D FEA. We describe implementation of 3D FEA using the reduced material model in a meshfree system using second order B-spline basis functions. Finally, we demonstrate its validity by showing agreement between computed and known results for standard problems.
A fast generalized DFT for finite groups of Lie type (2018)

We give an arithmetic algorithm using O(|G|ω/2+o(1)) operations to compute the generalized Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) over group G for finite groups of Lie type, including the linear, orthogonal, and symplectic families and their variants, as well as all finite simple groups of Lie type. Here ω is the exponent of matrix multiplication, so the exponent ω/2 is optimal if ω = 2. Previously, “exponent one” algorithms were known for supersolvable groups and the symmetric and alternating groups. No exponent one algorithms were known (even under the assumption ω = 2) for families of linear groups of fixed dimension, and indeed the previous best-known algorithm for SL2(Fq) had exponent 4/3 despite being the focus of significant effort. We unconditionally achieve exponent at most 1.19 for this group, and exponent one if ω = 2. We also show that ω = 2 implies a exponent for general finite groups G, which beats the longstanding previous best upper bound (assuming ω = 2) of 3/2.
Decreased medial temporal oxygen metabolism in Alzheimer's disease shown by PET. (1996)

Medial temporal oxygen metabolism was markedly affected in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. This measure substantiated the functional impairment of the medial temporal region in Alzheimer's disease.
Dielectric properties of thin film SrTiO{sub 3} grown on LaAlO{sub 3} with YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}x} electrodes (1994)

The authors have fabricated and characterized YBCO (YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}x}) microstrip resonators on LAO (LaAlO{sub 3}) substrates that include thin film STO (SrTiO{sub 3}) coplanar capacitors to study the dielectric properties of thin film STO. The low frequency capacitance of the STO/LAO capacitor is measured as a function of temperature and dc bias. They use the observed resonant frequencies to extract the microwave frequency capacitance of the structure and the Q`s to determine the microwave losses. A conformal map is developed and used to transform the observed capacitances into dielectric constant values for the thin film STO.
Gene Expression Microarrays: Improvements and Applications towards Agricultural Gene Discovery (2001)

In agriculture, the associations between genes and resulting traits revealed by high throughput approaches such as transcription profiling could be used to select more environmentally friendly chemicals for plant protection and to develop plants with increased grain yields and better nutrition value, with more resistance to diseases and tolerance to abiotic stress. However, one of the major challenges to apply such approaches is the limited genomic information for most of the very diversified crop species. We developed multiple strategies and platform technologies to address this issue. Here we report our improvements of these technologies towards large-scale transcription profiling and their applications in agricultural gene discovery.
A Review on the Effect of Drying on Antioxidant Potential of Fruits and Vegetables (2015)

The role of antioxidants in human nutrition has gained increased interest, especially due to their associated health beneficial effects for a number of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer. Fruits and vegetables are perishable and difficult to preserve as fresh products. Dried fruits and vegetables can be easily stored, transported at relatively low cost, have reduced packing costs, and their low water content delays microbial spoilage. Air-, freeze-, microwave- and sun-drying are among the most thoroughly studied drying methods. This review provides an overview of recent findings on the effects of different drying techniques on major antioxidants of fruits and vegetables. In particular, changes in ascorbic acid, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity are discussed in detail.
The Amino Acid Sequence of Coagulogen Isolated from Southeast Asian Horseshoe Crab, Tachypleus gigas12 (1984)

The amino acid sequence of coagulogen isolated from Southeast Asian horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas) has been determined. The NH2-terminal sequence of the first 51 residues was obtained by automated Edman degradation. The intact protein was then treated with a Tachypleus clotting enzyme, to form a gel and to remove an internal peptide C (28 residues) located near the NH2-terminal portion. The gel protein, which consisted of A chain (18 residues) and B chain (129 residues), was S-alkylated and the resulting two chains were separated by acetone precipitation. Among these segments, A chain and peptide C were assigned to the NH2-terminal portion of whole coagulogen, as judged from their amino acid compositions. On the other hand, the covalent structure of B chain was determined by sequencing the peptides obtained from its tryptic digest. The alignments of the tryptic peptides were deduced from the sequence homology in comparison with the previously established B chain sequence of Japanese horseshoe crab (T. tridentatus) coagulogen. T. gigas coagulogen had a total of 175 amino acids and a calculated molecular weight of 19,770. When the sequence was compared with those of Japanese and American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) coagulogens, extensive structural homology was found: T. tridentatus/T. gigas, 87% and L. polyphemus/T. gigas, 67%. This comparison suggests that Japanese and Southeast Asian horseshoe crabs have a crab, based on amino acid sequence data.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in the Wild: Dealing with Asymmetric Label Sets (2016)

The goal of domain adaptation is to adapt models learned on a source domain to a particular target domain. Most methods for unsupervised domain adaptation proposed in the literature to date, assume that the set of classes present in the target domain is identical to the set of classes present in the source domain. This is a restrictive assumption that limits the practical applicability of unsupervised domain adaptation techniques in real world settings ("in the wild"). Therefore, we relax this constraint and propose a technique that allows the set of target classes to be a subset of the source classes. This way, large publicly available annotated datasets with a wide variety of classes can be used as source, even if the actual set of classes in target can be more limited and, maybe most importantly, unknown beforehand. To this end, we propose an algorithm that orders a set of source subspaces that are relevant to the target classification problem. Our method then chooses a restricted set from this ordered set of source subspaces. As an extension, even starting from multiple source datasets with varied sets of categories, this method automatically selects an appropriate subset of source categories relevant to a target dataset. Empirical analysis on a number of source and target domain datasets shows that restricting the source subspace to only a subset of categories does indeed substantially improve the eventual target classification accuracy over the baseline that considers all source classes.
Renin inhibitors. Substitution of the leucyl residues of Leu-Leu-Val-Phe-OCH3 with 3-amino-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid (1982)

The 2S,3S and 2R,3S diastereoisomers of the hydroxy amino acid 3-amino-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid (AHMHA) were synthesized and substituted for the leucyl residues of Leu-Leu-Val-Phe-OCH3 to yield the following analogues: AHMHA-Leu-Val-Phe-OCH3, AHMHA-Val-Phe-OCH3, and Leu-AHMHA-Val-Phe-OCH3. These analogues were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit human amniotic renin. All of the analogues were found to inhibit renin to some extent with inhibitory constants in the range of 10(-3) to 10(-4) M. The analogues AHMHA-Leu-Val-Phe-OCH3 and AHMHA-Val-Phe-OCH3 exhibited competitive inhibition when the 2S,3S isomer of AHMHA was employed and noncompetitive kinetics when the 2R,3S isomer of AHMHA was used. For the Leu-AHMHA-Val-Phe-OCH3 analogues, competitive kinetics were observed regardless of the isomer of AHMHA employed. These latter analogues also proved to be the most active in the above series.
Improving Table Compression with Combinatorial Optimization (2002)

We study the problem of compressing massive tables within the partition-training paradigm introduced by Buchsbaum et al. [SODA'00], in which a table is partitioned by an off-line training procedure into disjoint intervals of columns, each of which is compressed separately by a standard, on-line compressor like gzip. We provide a new theory that unifies previous experimental observations on partitioning and heuristic observations on column permutation, all of which are used to improve compression rates. Based on the theory, we devise the first on-line training algorithms for table compression, which can be applied to individual files, not just continuously operating sources; and also a new, off-line training algorithm, based on a link to the asymmetric traveling salesman problem, which improves on prior work by rearranging columns prior to partitioning. We demonstrate these results experimentally. On various test files, the on-line algorithms provide 35-55% improvement over gzip with negligible slowdown; the off-line reordering provides up to 20% further improvement over partitioning alone. We also show that a variation of the table compression problem is MAX-SNP hard.
Long-term treatment of giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) with denosumab: a two institutions 8-year experience. (2016)

11021 Background: Giant cell tumours of bone (GCTB’s) are RANK-ligand (RANK-L) positive, aggressive and progressive osteolytic tumors. Denosumab, a RANK-L inhibitor, was FDA-approved for adults and skeletally mature adolescents with GCTBs that is unresectable or where surgical resection is likely to result in severe morbidity. GCTB’s. Data on long-term “Denosumab,120 mg-monthly-schedule” are lacking. We present an 8-year study, conducted in 2 referral centers. Methods: All GCTB’s receiving Denosumab, 120 mg on days 1, 8, 15, 29, and every 4-weeks thereafter, from 2006 to 2014, were included. Clinical responses and long-term side effects were assessed. Results: 97 cases identified, male/female 40/57, median age 35 years (range: 13-76 years), 15% presented lung metastases, 43% were relapsed after previous surgery. Median time on treatment was 23 months (4 - 94 months). Median highest pain (VAS scale) was 4 (0-10), and decreased to 2 (0-10), with 67% with complete pain resolution after 3 months in 67% of the cases. One of the patients experienced increased tumor growth, with sustained tumor control for all others (RECIST criteria do not apply due to intra-osseous only disease and massive denosumab-induced calcification). Tumor control was also demonstrated in 6/6 localised cases undergoing denosumab re-challenge for relapse. Adverse events: 6% of patients developed osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ), 6% mild peripheral neuropathy, 4 skin rash, and 1 an atypical fracture. For the 6 patients with ONJ the median time on treatment was 37 months (6-76), the median age was 50 years (22-76); 5/6 ONJs occurred after 2 years of Densoumab, while in 1 patient, with dental comorbidities, ONJ was documented after 6 months. Outcome: 41% are still on treatment, 35% completed therapy, 9% were lost to follow-up, 6% withdrew consent, 5% stopped denosumab for ONJ, 2% went
Functional characterization of synthetic leukotriene B and its stereochemical isomers. (1981)

Leukotriene B (LTB), a potent lipid chemotactic factor for neutrophils, is 5S,12R-dihydroxy-6,14-cis,8,10-trans-eicosatetraenoic acid (Fig 1), based upon direct comparison of natural LTB with synthetic 5S,12R-dihydroxy-6,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5,12-di-HETE) stereoisomers in three biological assays. Of the six synthetic stereoisomers evaluated, only the 5S,12R,6,14-cis,8,10-trans compound had chemotactic potency for human neutrophils in vitro that was comparable to that of natural LTB, with a concentration of 3 X 10(9-9) M eliciting a one-half maximum response. In contrast, the racemic mixture of 5R,12R- and 5S,12S-6,10-trans,8,14-cis, the racemic mixture of 5S,12R- and 5R,12S-6,10-trans,8,14-cis, the 5S,12R-6,8-trans,10,14-cis, the 5S,12R-6,8,10-trans,14-cis, and the 5S,12S-6,8,10-trans,14-cis stereoisomers required concentrations of 3 X 10(-7) to 1 X 10(-6) M to elicit comparable responses. Only natural LTB and its synthetic counterpart elicited a local neutrophil infiltration when injected into the skin of the rhesus monkey at 10 ng and 100 ng per site. Natural and synthetic LTB at a concentration of 3 X 10(-8) M each provoked an EC25 contractile response of guinea pig pulmonary parenchymal strips in vitro, whereas the other four tested stereoisomers of 5,12-di-HETE were inactive at this concentration. Structure-function analyses suggest that the neutrophil chemotactic activity depends critically upon the C-1 to C-12 domain, including the stereochemistry of the 6-,8-,and 10-olefinic bonds and the presence of both hydroxyl groups.
Targeting tumour-associated macrophages (2007)

Clinical and experimental evidence have highlighted that a major leukocyte population present in tumours, the so-called tumour-associated macrophages (TAM), is the principal component of the leukocyte infiltrate supporting tumour growth. Over the years the mechanisms supporting the protumoural functions of TAM have become increasingly clear and in several experimental tumour models, the activation of an inflammatory response (most frequently mediated by macrophages) has been shown to play an essential role for full neoplastic transformation and progression. This evidence strongly supports the idea that TAM are central orchestrators of the inflammatory networks expressed in the tumour microenvironment, and suggest these cells as possible targets of anticancer therapies.
Sugars and related compounds as flavour precursors in meat. (2003)

Sugars and related substances, namely sugar phosphates and ribonucleotides, are important meat flavour precursors. In particular, ribose and ribose 5-phosphate have been shown to be important in aroma development in heated model systems. There are few quantitative data on the concentrations and the variations of sugars and related substances in meat. This paper will report on the analysis of glucose, fructose, ribose, ribose 5-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate and inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) in aged beef. Sugars and related compounds were extracted from lean meat and derivatised to the corresponding TMS ethers. Analysis and quantitation of the sugars and sugar phosphates were performed using GC and GC/MS, while IMP analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis (CE).
Emulsion structure design for improving the oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (2020)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an important role in promoting brain development, decreasing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, and reducing inflammation. However, PUFAs are inherently unstable and susceptible to oxidative deterioration due to two or more double bonds in their structure. Delivery systems have been developed to provide effective encapsulation and protection for PUFAs, and finally fulfill their health benefits. Emulsion-based encapsulation is one of the most promising techniques for the delivery of PUFAs. The emulsion composition and structure, as well as the storage conditions are regarded as key factors to influence the stability of emulsions. To maximize the resistance of PUFAs in emulsions against oxidation, emulsion structure design has been particularly highlighted, and different methods for tailoring emulsion structure have been developed. The current work is focused on the careful design of emulsion structure to improve the oxidative stability of PUFAs. Different types of emulsions, including conventional emulsions, multilayer emulsions, gelled emulsions, and Pickering emulsions are introduced, and their protective effect for PUFAs are discussed. The major role of interfacial structure in emulsions is emphasized. The effects of emulsifiers and involved modification methods on the interfacial structure are presented to further improve the stability of PUFAs during storage.
Specific Features of the Intramolecular Spin Exchange in a Novel Nitroxide Triradical (2019)

An X-band EPR spectroscopic study was performed of the temperature dependence of the dynamics of the intramolecular electron spin exchange in a triradical where the radical rings are linked by acetylene groups –C≡C–. A thermodynamic characteristic was determined for the conformational transition in the triradical between conformers where the spin exchange is of the triradical or biradical type. The geometric structure of the novel stable nitroxide triradical was determined using density functional theory calculations.
Ribosomal protein pools and the assembly of ribosomes in Escherichia coli (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRibosomal protein pools and the assembly of ribosomes in Escherichia coliAlain Cozzone, J. Marvaldi, and G. Marchis-MourenCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 12, 4709–4716Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00840a008https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00840a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Michelson Interferometer With Faraday Mirrors Employed In A Delayed Self-Heterodyne Interferometer (2011)

Faraday rotator mirrors in a Michelson interferometer configuration is shown to significantly improve resolution and coherence for delayed self-heterodyne interferometery. Coherence is clearly observed over the maximum available delay length of 60 km.
A 1 V 6 b 50 MHz current-interpolating CMOS ADC (2003)

A current-interpolation technique is used to implement a 6 b 50 MHz ADC operable with a single battery cell as low as 0.9 V without charge pumping. The prototype chip, fabricated in a 0.35 /spl mu/m standard digital process, occupies an area of 2.4 mm/spl times/2 mm, and consumes 10 mW each in analog and digital supplies, respectively.
Spontaneous Catalytic Generation of Nitric Oxide from S -Nitrosothiols at the Surface of Polymer Films Doped with Lipophilic Copper(II) Complex (2003)

A new approach for preparing potentially more blood-compatible nitric oxide (NO)-generating polymeric materials is described. The method involves creating polymeric films that have catalytic sites within (lipophilic copper(II) complex) that are capable of converting endogenous S-nitrosothiols present in blood (S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO), etc.) to NO. The catalytic NO generation reaction involves the initial reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) within the complex by appropriate reducing agents (e.g., thiolates or ascorbate), followed by the reduction of S-nitrosothiols to NO by the Cu(I) complex at the polymer/solution interface. The NO fluxes observed when PVC or polyurethane films containing the copper(II) complex are placed in solutions containing physiological levels of nitrosothiols (muM levels) reach ca. 8 x 10-10 mol cm-2 min-1, greater than that produced by normal endothelial cells that line all healthy blood vessels. It is thus anticipated that this spontaneous catalytic generation of NO from endogenous nitrosothiols will render such polymeric materials more thromboresistant when in contact with blood in vivo.
Significance of “Not Detected but Amplified” Results by Real-Time PCR Method for HPV DNA Detection (2016)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an important etiologic factor in cervical carcinogenesis. Various HPV DNA detection methods have been evaluated for clinicopathological level. For the specimens with normal cytological finding, discrepancies among the detection methods were frequently found and adequate interpretation can be difficult. 6,322 clinical specimens were submitted and evaluated for real-time PCR and Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). 573 positive or "Not Detected but Amplified" (NDBA) specimens by real-time PCR were additionally tested using genetic analyzer. For the reliability of real-time PCR, 325 retests were performed. Optimal cut-off cycle threshold (<i>C</i><sub><i>T</i></sub> ) value was evaluated also. 78.7% of submitted specimens showed normal or nonspecific cytological finding. The distributions of HPV types by real-time PCR were not different between positive and NDBA cases. For positive cases by fragment analysis, concordance rates with real-time PCR and HC2 were 94.2% and 84.2%. In NDBA cases, fragment analysis and real-time PCR showed identical results in 77.0% and HC2 revealed 27.6% of concordance with fragment analysis. Optimal cut-off <i>C</i><sub><i>T</i></sub> value was different for HPV types. NDBA results in real-time PCR should be regarded as equivocal, not negative. The adjustment of cut-off <i>C</i><sub><i>T</i></sub> value for HPV types will be helpful for the appropriate result interpretation.