gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The reaction of cytochrome o in Escherichia coli with oxygen. Low-temperature kinetic and spectral studies (1979)

1. The reactions of cytochrome omicron in intact cells of aerobically grown Escherichia coli with O2 and CO have been studied at low temperature. 2. Flash photolysis of CO-liganded cells in the presence of O2 and at temperatures between -79 and -102 degrees C results in the oxidation of kinetically heterogeneous beta-type cytochromes (including cytochrome omicron), but not of cytochrome d. 3. The reaction of reduced cytochrome omicron with O2 involves O2 binding to give intermediate(s) with spectral characteristics similar to that of the reduced oxidase-CO complex. Observation in the alpha-region suggests that unexplained ligand dissociation accompanies the initial O2 binding. 4. At temperatures below -98 degrees C, an 'end point' in the reaction is reached; further reaction and oxidation of cytochrome omicron occurs on raising the temperature. 5. There is a linear relationship between the rate of formation of the oxygen compound and the O2 concentration up to 0.5 mM. The second-order constant for its formation (k+1) is 0.91 M-1.S-1 at -101 degrees C. The reaction is not readily reversible, the value of k-1 being 1.4 X 10(-5) S-1 and the kd 1.5 X 10(-5) M. 6. The energy of activation for this reaction at low temperatures is 29.9kJ (7.1 kcal)/mol. 7. The reaction with O2 is distinguished from that with CO by the markedly lower velocity and high photolytic reversibility of the latter. 8. Comparisons are drawn between the intermediate(s) in the O2 reaction of cytochrome omicron in E. coli and those identified in other bacteria and in the reaction of cytochrome aa3 with O2.
Tyr323-dependent p38 activation is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and correlates with disease activity (2011)

Our results indicate that phosphorylation status on Tyr³²³ p38 correlates with RA disease activity and suggest that the Tyr³²³-dependent pathway is an attractive target for down-regulation of p38 activity in RA patients.
Statin Eligibility Under American and European Cholesterol Guidelines (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
P1‐510: RETRIEVAL SPEED CAN PREDICT MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT PRIOR TO DIAGNOSIS: RESULTS FROM THE EINSTEIN AGING STUDY (2018)

Cognitive change associated with Alzheimer's disease begins many years before a clinical diagnosis. Utilizing methods that can detect subtle cognitive change, as yet undetected by traditional methods, may aid in discriminating those who later develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The Cued-Recall Retrieval Speed Task (CRRST) is a novel computerized list-learning task that measures retrieval speed in response to category cues and has been used to differentiate between cognitively impaired and non-impaired older adults. Our goal was to investigate the CRRST for its prognostic ability to detect MCI in a group of cognitively healthy older adults. At baseline, 499 cognitively healthy participants of the longitudinal community-based Einstein Aging Study of individuals aged 70 and older were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and the CRRST separately. Our variable of interest was the CRRST retrieval speed measured in milliseconds (ms). MCI status was evaluated at baseline and at yearly follow-up assessments. Diagnosis of MCI followed the revised Petersen criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the effect of CRRST on risk of MCI. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristics(ROC) analysis was used to assess the accuracy of diagnosis of MCI incidence of the CRRST. At follow-up, 155 participants developed MCI. For every 300ms increase in the mean retrieval speed and 60ms increase in the variation (standard error), the risk of MCI incidence increased by 40% and 23%, respectively. Areas under the ROC curves (AUC) using CRRST retrieval speed for diagnosing MCI at 2, 3 and 4 years of follow-up were 0.687 (CI=0.614, 0.760), 0.718 (CI=0.654, 0.783) and 0.772 (CI=0.717, 0.827), respectively. Retrieval speed may be a useful indicator of future MCI. At baseline, CRRST retrieval speed is sensitive to subtle cognitive changes that are present years prior to a clinical diagnosis of MCI. Retrieval speed, as measured by the CRRST, may be able to identify individuals at high-risk for future MCI and should be explored further to understand what underlying neural processes may be responsible for these alterations in speed of performance.
Data from Expression of <i>miR-18a</i> and <i>miR-210</i> in Normal Breast Tissue as Candidate Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;miRNAs are noncoding RNAs with abnormal expression in breast cancer; their expression in high-risk benign breast tissue may relate to breast cancer risk. We examined miRNA profiles in contralateral unaffected breasts (CUB) of patients with breast cancer and validated resulting candidates in two additional sample sets. Expression profiles of 754 mature miRNAs were examined using TaqMan Low Density Arrays in 30 breast cancer samples [15 estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and 15 ER-negative] and paired CUBs and 15 reduction mammoplasty controls. Pairwise comparisons identified miRNAs with significantly differential expression. Seven candidate miRNAs were examined using qRT-PCR in a second CUB sample set (40 cases, 20 ER+, 20 ER−) and 20 reduction mammoplasty controls. Further validation was performed in 80 benign breast biopsy (BBB) samples; 40 from cases who subsequently developed breast cancer and 40 from controls who did not. Logistic regression, using tertiles of miRNA expression, was used to discriminate cases from controls. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in tumors and CUBs versus reduction mammoplasty samples. Among them, &lt;i&gt;miR-18a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;miR-210&lt;/i&gt; were validated in the second CUB set, showing significantly higher expression in tumor and CUBs than in reduction mammoplasty controls. The expression of &lt;i&gt;miR-18a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;miR-210&lt;/i&gt; was also significantly higher in BBB cases than in BBB controls. When both &lt;i&gt;miR-18a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;miR-210&lt;/i&gt; were expressed in the upper tertiles in BBB, OR for subsequent cancer was 3.20, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.023. &lt;i&gt;miR-18a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;miR-210&lt;/i&gt; are expressed at higher levels in CUBs of patients with breast cancer, and in BBB prior to cancer development, and are therefore candidate breast cancer risk biomarkers. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 10(1); 89–97. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Chemokines in Physiological and Pathological Bone Remodeling (2019)

The bone matrix is constantly remodeled by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. These two cell types are fundamentally different in terms of progenitor cells, mode of action and regulation by specific molecules, acting either systemically or locally. Importantly, there is increasing evidence for an impact of cell types or molecules of the adaptive and innate immune system on bone remodeling. Understanding these influences is the major goal of a novel research area termed osteoimmunology, which is of key relevance in the context of inflammation-induced bone loss, skeletal metastases, and diseases of impaired bone remodeling, such as osteoporosis. This review article aims at summarizing the current knowledge on one particular aspect of osteoimmunology, namely the impact of chemokines on skeletal cells in order to regulate bone remodeling under physiological and pathological conditions. Chemokines have key roles in the adaptive immune system by controlling migration, localization, and function of immune cells during inflammation. The vast majority of chemokines are divided into two subgroups based on the pattern of cysteine residues. More specifically, there are 27 known C-C-chemokines, binding to 10 different C-C receptors, and 17 known C-X-C-chemokines binding to seven different C-X-C receptors. Three additional chemokines do not fall into this category, and only one of them, i.e., CX3CL1, has been shown to influence bone remodeling cell types. There is a large amount of published studies demonstrating specific effects of certain chemokines on differentiation and function of osteoclasts and/or osteoblasts. Chemokine signaling by skeletal cells or by other cells of the bone marrow niche regulates bone formation and resorption through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. <i>In vivo</i> evidence from mouse deficiency models strongly supports the role of certain chemokine signaling pathways in bone remodeling. We will summarize these data in the present review with a special focus on the most established subsets of chemokines. In combination with the other review articles of this issue, the knowledge presented here confirms that there is a physiologically relevant crosstalk between the innate immune system and bone remodeling cell types, whose molecular understanding is of high clinical relevance.
Review of judgement and decision-making literature pertinent to the development of traffic offender training/improvement programmes (S301Q) technical report (2007)

A comprehensive review was conducted to examine psychosocial, judgement and decision making models and constructs considered relevant to traffic safety and related behaviours. The long-term goal of this review is to improve the quality of traffic safety interventions and serious offender training/improvement programmes through theoretically-informed approaches. Two approaches were taken for this review; a large-scale review of the research literature; and an analysis of relevant theoretical approaches and constructs. Comments and recommendations are made on the basis of the psychosocial factors examined.
Mechanisms of ring chromosome formation in 11 cases of human ring chromosome 21. (1992)

We studied the mechanism of ring chromosome 21 (r(21)) formation in 13 patients (11 unique r(21)s), consisting of 7 from five families with familial r(21) and 6 with de novo r(21). The copy number of chromosome 21 sequences in the rings of these patients was determined by quantitative dosage analyses for 13 loci on 21q. Nine of 11 r(21)s, including the 5 familial r(21)s, showed no evidence for duplication of 21q sequences but did show molecular evidence of partial deletion of 21q. These data were consistent with the breakage and reunion of short- and long-arm regions to form the r(21), resulting in deletion of varying amounts of 21q22.1 to 21qter. The data from one individual who had a Down syndrome phenotype were consistent with asymmetric breakage and reunion of 21q sequences from an intermediate isochromosome or Robertsonian translocation chromosome as reported by Wong et al. Another patient, who also exhibited Down syndrome, showed evidence of a third mechanism of ring formation. The likely initial event was breakage and reunion of the short and long arms, resulting in a small r(21), followed by a sister-chromatid exchange resulting in a double-sized and symmetrically dicentric r(21). The phenotype of patients correlated well with the extent of deletion or duplication of chromosome 21 sequences. These data demonstrate three mechanisms of r(21) formation and show that the phenotype of r(21) patients varies with the extent of chromosome 21 monosomy or trisomy.
Efficacy and toxicity of q 2 weeks versus weekly versus q 3 weeks docetaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (2013)

206 Background: Standard treatment for metastatic CRPC is docetaxel 75 mg/m 2 q3weeks. Methods: We retrospectively studied patients treated with q 1, 2, or 3 weeks docetaxel regimens at 30, 60 and 75 mg/m 2 , respectively. The choice of regimen and duration of treatment was decided by their oncologist. Patients who had been in a clinical trial previously, or treated with any other chemotherapy before docetaxel were excluded. On this basis 41 patients were studied. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was used as the primary method to assess response and progression. Response was a decline of &gt;/=50% from baseline value with no clinical or radiographic evidence of disease progression. For patients whose PSA did not decrease, progression was a &gt;/= 25% increase from baseline. If the PSA decreased without reaching response criteria, progression was a &gt;/= 25% increase from nadir. In those who responded, progression was a &gt;/= 50% increase from nadir. The increase had to be at least 5ng/ml. Toxicity was graded on the basis of CTCAE version 4.0. Response rate and toxicity in the 3 arms was compared using a two by two square t-test. Results: There were 12, 14, and 15 patients in the q1w, q2w and q3w arms, respectively. Response rates, mean progression free survival (PFS), median PFS, mean overall survival (OS), median OS, mean cumulative dose (MCD) and toxicity are shown in the Table. Three-year OS was 0%, 20%, and 0% in the q1w, q2w, and q3w arms, respectively. Toxicity was similar in the q1w, q2w, and q3w arms, except grade 1/2 neuropathy was higher in the q2w arm vs. the q1w arm (p=0.005). Conclusions: The MCD, response rates, PFS and OS in the q1w and q3w arms were similar to previously published reports. Patients in the q2w arm received a statistically significant higher MCD. Our data suggest a better outcome in the q2w arm as compared to the q1w and q3w arms. However, given the small number of patients studied, the results are not statistically significant. Toxicity was similar save for grade 1/2 neuropathy. [Table: see text]
Low Dielectric Constant Mesoporous Silica Films Through Molecularly Templated Synthesis (2000)

Nanoporous silica films are of interest to the semiconductor industryas low dielectric constant intermetal materials. Here the controlled synthesis of highly porous silica films with dielectric constants between ≈1.8 and ≈2.5 is described using a polyethylene ether surfactant to template the porosity and a spin-on sol-gel process to deposit the films. The dielectric properties of the resulting films are investigated as a function of surface chemistry and a correlation is established. These films are promising as semiconductor interconnnect materials as they have suitable surface texture, thickness, and elastic modulus.
EXPRESSION OF BACTERIAL DIHYDRODIPICOLINATE SYNTHASE IN TRANSGENIC PLANTS: POTENTIALS TO IMPROVE LYSINE CONTENT IN FORAGE, GRAIN AND TUBER CROPS (1997)

ISHS III International Symposium on In Vitro Culture and Horticultural Breeding EXPRESSION OF BACTERIAL DIHYDRODIPICOLINATE SYNTHASE IN TRANSGENIC PLANTS: POTENTIALS TO IMPROVE LYSINE CONTENT IN FORAGE, GRAIN AND TUBER CROPS
Epstein-Barr Virus Lacking Glycoprotein gp42 Can Bind to B Cells but Is Not Able To Infect (1998)

The Epstein-Barr virus gH-gL complex includes a third glycoprotein, gp42, which is the product of the BZLF2 open reading frame (ORF). gp42 has been implicated as critical to infection of the B lymphocyte by virtue of its interaction with HLA class II on the B-cell surface. A neutralizing antibody that reacts with gp42 inhibits virus-cell fusion and blocks binding of gp42 to HLA class II; antibody to HLA class II can inhibit infection, and B cells that lack HLA class II can only be infected if HLA class II expression is restored. To confirm whether gp42 is an essential component of the virion, we derived a recombinant virus with a selectable marker inserted into the BZLF2 ORF to interrupt expression of the protein. A complex of gH and gL was expressed by the recombinant virus in the absence of gp42. Recombinant virus egressed from the cell normally and could bind to receptor-positive cells. It had, however, lost the ability to infect or transform B lymphocytes. Treatment with polyethylene glycol restored the infectivity of recombinant virus, confirming that gp42 is essential for penetration of the B-cell membrane.
Water-in-Trichloroethylene Emulsions Stabilized by Uniform Carbon Microspheres (2011)

Uniform hard carbon spheres (HCS), synthesized by the hydrothermal decomposition of sucrose followed by pyrolysis, are effective at stabilizing water-in-trichloroethylene (TCE) emulsions. The irreversible adsorption of carbon particles at the TCE-water interface resulting in the formation of a monolayer around the water droplet in the emulsion phase is identified as the key reason for emulsion stability. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy was used to image the assembly of carbon particles clearly at the TCE-water interface and the formation of bilayers in regions of droplet-droplet contact. The results of this study have potential implications to the subsurface injection of carbon submicrometer particles containing zero-valent iron nanoparticles to treat pools of chlorinated hydrocarbons that are sequestered in fractured bedrock.
[Single and joint toxicity of perchloroethylene and cadmium on Ctenopharyngodon idellus]. (2007)

In this paper, the single and joint toxicity of perchloroethylene (PCE) and cadmium (Cd) on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) was observed by static test method, and the joint toxicity was evaluated by additive index method. The results showed that the LCs0 of PCE and Cd in 24, 48, 72 and 96 h was 49.12, 41.68, 36.37 and 34.30 mg x L(-1), and 45.58, 34.81, 28.63 and 24.05 mg x L(-1), respectively. Both the two test chemicals had high toxicity on C. idellus, and Cd had higher single toxicity than PCE. When the toxicity ratio was 1:1 and exposure time was 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, the LC50 of PCE and Cd was 24.63, 12.54, 9.88 and 7.08 mg x L(-1), and 17.11, 8.71, 6.87, 4.92 mg x L(-1), and the additive index (AI) was 0.14, 0.81, 0.95 and 1.43, respectively, indicating that the joint toxicity of PCE and Cd was synergistic, and increased with time. At the concentration ratio of 1:1, the LC50 of PCE and Cd in 24, 48, 72 and 96 h was 17.00, 11.81, 10.61 and 9.19 mg x L(-1), and 17.00, 11.81, 10.61 and 9.19 mg x L(-1), and the AI was 0.39, 0.70, 0.51 and 0.54, respectively, and the joint toxicity was also synergistic.
Neue kosteneffektive Mess‐ und Regeltechnik für das Numbering‐up von reaktiven Pfropfenströmungen in Mikrokanälen (2015)

Abstract Die Durchführung von Mehrphasenreaktionen in Mikrokanälen hat ein großes Potenzial zur Effizienzsteigerung, da neben dem Wärmetransport auch der Stofftransport intensiviert wird und im Pfropfenströmungsregime definiert abläuft. Für eine industrielle Anwendung ist eine Parallelisierung der Reaktoren nötig, die gegenüber konventionellen Reaktorsystemen jedoch häufig nicht wirtschaftlich ist. Wirtschaftliche Module für die Parallelisierung von Pfropfenströmungsreaktoren wurden entwickelt, die eine homogene Gleichverteilung der Pfropenströmung ohne Parallelisierung des preisintensiven Equipments ermöglichen. Das aktive Mess‐ und Regelsystem erlaubt einen robusten Betrieb von Mikrokanal‐Pfropfenströmunsgsreaktoren bei optimaler Reaktorperformance und zudem den Einsatz als Multipurposeanlage.
Lattice Boltzmann method for direct numerical simulation of turbulent flows (2010)

We present three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the Kida vortex flow, a prototypical turbulent flow, using a novel high-order lattice Boltzmann (LB) model. Extensive comparisons of various global and local statistical quantities obtained with an incompressible-flow spectral element solver are reported. It is demonstrated that the LB method is a promising alternative for DNS as it quantitatively captures all the computed statistics of fluid turbulence.
Quantitative analysis of substance P, neurokinin A and calcitonin gene‐related peptide in pulp tissue from painful and healthy human teeth (2002)

Elevated levels of these neuropeptides in pulps from painful teeth indicate that they may play an important role in the process of pulpal inflammation and pain. Further investigation of the association between these neuropeptides and pulpal status may help to improve our understanding of pulpal inflammation and dental pain.
Synthesis and Spectral Study of Several Solid M3[Eu(2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylate)3] Salts (M=Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, NH4 +, and Pyridinium+) (1992)

Abstract Salts of the [Eu(2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate)3]3- complex anion and various monovalent inorganic and organic counterions (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, NH4 +, and pyridinium+) have been synthesized and studied by emission spectroscopy. The Eu3+ ion emission spectra exhibited by these salts have been observed with high resolution (less than 1.0 cm−1) and at low temperature (77 K). The emission spectra of these compounds indicate that changing the attached counterion does not affect the site symmetry observed by the europium ion beyond slight distortions indicated by small shifts in the energies of the Eu3+ electronic levels.
The Distributed Genetic Algorithm Revisited (1995)

This paper extends previous work done by Tanese on the distributed genetic algorithm (DGA). Tanese found that the DGA outperformed the canonical serial genetic algorithm (CGA) on a class of difficult, randomly-generated Walsh polynomials. This left open the question of whether the DGA would have similar success on functions that were more amenable to optimization by the CGA. In this work, experiments were done to compare the DGA's performance on the Royal Road class of fitness functions to that of the CGA. Besides achieving superlinear speedup on KSR parallel computers, the DGA again outperformed the CGA on the functions R3 and R4 with regard to the metrics of best fitness, average fitness, and number of times the optimum was reached. Its performance on R1 and R2 was comparable to that of the CGA. The effect of varying the DGA's migration parameters was also investigated. The results of the experiments are presented and discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.
Rewiring hydrogenase-dependent redox circuits in cyanobacteria (2011)

Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible reaction 2H(+) + 2e(-) ↔ H(2) with an equilibrium constant that is dependent on the reducing potential of electrons carried by their redox partner. To examine the possibility of increasing the photobiological production of hydrogen within cyanobacterial cultures, we expressed the [FeFe] hydrogenase, HydA, from Clostridium acetobutylicum in the non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus sp. 7942. We demonstrate that the heterologously expressed hydrogenase is functional in vitro and in vivo, and that the in vivo hydrogenase activity is connected to the light-dependent reactions of the electron transport chain. Under anoxic conditions, HydA activity is capable of supporting light-dependent hydrogen evolution at a rate > 500-fold greater than that supported by the endogenous [NiFe] hydrogenase. Furthermore, HydA can support limited growth solely using H(2) and light as the source of reducing equivalents under conditions where Photosystem II is inactivated. Finally, we demonstrate that the addition of exogenous ferredoxins can modulate redox flux in the hydrogenase-expressing strain, allowing for greater hydrogen yields and for dark fermentation of internal energy stores into hydrogen gas.