gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1997 John P. Davis Award: The Impact of Machining Techniques on Centrifugal Compressor Impeller Performance (1999)

A large proportion of modern centrifugal impellers are machined from solid forgings rather than made from cast metal. The CNC milling process offers options to manufacturers to minimize manufacturing costs while also enhancing the performance of the impeller. Efficient manufacturing can result in cutter tool marks and paths and associated roughness remaining on the hub and blade surfaces of impellers as a result of minimizing passes and maximizing the cut. The goal of manufacturers is to allow these marks to be as deep as possible to minimize machining costs, but without any negative effects on performance, and possibly even enhancing it. There are existing modeling methods that predict the influence of roughness on compressor performance using the definition of an equivalent sand grain roughness. The purpose of this study is to relate the performance directly to the tool mark characteristics that are by-products of machining, namely cusp height, cutter path roughness, and orientation of the cutter path relative to the local flow velocity, to review the current modeling techniques for predicting the influence of surface condition on compressor performance and to show the scope for optimization of manufacturing and performance considerations.
Supplementary Figure from Inhibition of NF-κB DNA Binding Suppresses Myeloma Growth via Intracellular Redox and Tumor Microenvironment Modulation (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Inhibition of NF-κB DNA Binding Suppresses Myeloma Growth via Intracellular Redox and Tumor Microenvironment Modulation
Synthesis and Properties of Alternating Acceptor−Donor π-Conjugated Copolymers of Cyclodiborazane with Dithiafulvene (2000)

Alternating acceptor−donor π-conjugated copolymers of cyclodiborazane with dithiafulvene were prepared by hydroboration polymerization of 2,6-bis(p-cyanophenyl)-1,4-dithiafulvene (1) with tripylborane (2a) or mesitylborane (2b). The structures of the polymers 3 were supported by 1H NMR, 11B NMR, and IR spectra. The obtained polymers were soluble in common organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, and benzene. The peak due to the π−π* transition of 3a was observed at 415 nm, which was bathochromic shifted in comparison with that of the monomer 1 and the corresponding homopolymers. The emission peaks of 3a was observed at 531 nm (excitation wavelength at 415 nm). The cyclic voltammogram showed that 3a was electroactive either in the cathodic or in the anodic region. A soluble charge-transfer (CT) complex of 3a with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) was formed when TCNQ was added to a DMSO solution of 3a. Before doping, 3a exhibited an electrical conductivity of 2 × 10-5 S cm-1 as measured on a cast film from DMSO. The cast film of the CT complex of 3a with TCNQ had a conductivity of 1 × 10-4 S cm-1.
Mosaic Numbers (1969)

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Dispersion-managed soliton propagation in short-period dispersion maps (2000)

We show through detailed numerical simulations that stable dispersion-managed solitons exist in short-period dispersion maps characterized by a dispersion-management period that is less than the amplifier spacing. These pulses show regular dynamics within the amplifier span and have greater energy enhancement than the conventional dispersion-managed soliton. We also show that greater interaction is obtained in this regime as a result of this increased enhancement.
Modeling light scattering from mesoporous silicon (2002)

Porous silicon (PS) made from highly doped material is modeled as a uniaxial effective medium consisting of two components: hollow cylindrical silicon shells and free cylindrical pores. The complex refractive index is calculated in the coherent potential approximation leading to a very good agreement with the experimental refractive index data. Light scattering in porous silicon is estimated using the vector radiative transfer theory. It is found that the diffuse reflectance of a porous layer at its interface with air agrees with the available experimental measurements of light scattering from p+ porous silicon at a wavelength λ=457 nm. It is also found that, at longer wavelengths, the diffuse reflectance can be much higher, and increases with the porous layer thickness, reaching a maximum value of almost 10% for very thick layers. As for the scattered light transmitted or reflected through a PS/Si interface, a qualitative agreement is obtained between the model and the available measurements of the spectral photoconductivity of a silicon wafer with a front-surface porous film and the optical transmittance of a silicon wafer with a back-surface porous film.
GRACE-1: cross-layer adaptation for multimedia quality and battery energy (2006)

Mobile devices primarily processing multimedia data need to support multimedia quality with limited battery energy. To address this challenging problem, researchers have introduced adaptation into multiple system layers, ranging from hardware to applications. Given these adaptive layers, a new challenge is how to coordinate them to fully exploit the adaptation benefits. This paper presents a novel cross-layer adaptation framework, called GRACE-1, that coordinates the adaptation of the CPU hardware, OS scheduling, and multimedia quality based on users' preferences. To balance the benefits and overhead of cross-layer adaptation, GRACE-1 takes a hierarchical approach: It globally adapts all three layers to large system changes, such as application entry or exit, and internally adapts individual layers to small changes in the processed multimedia data. We have implemented GRACE-1 on an HIP laptop with the adaptive Athlon CPU, Linux-based OS, and video codecs. Our experimental results show that, compared to schemes that adapt only some layers or adapt only to large changes, GRACE-1 reduces the laptop's energy consumption up to 31.4 percent while providing better or the same video quality.
Antiplatelet therapies: platelet GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and beyond. (2001)

Accumulating evidence supports the critical role of platelet involvement in arterial thrombosis, and argues for the development of more efficacious, yet safe, antiplatelet therapies. Aspirin continues to be used routinely for the management of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina and secondary prevention of ischemic events. Nevertheless, adverse clinical outcomes still occur. Newer-generation drugs such as clopidogrel (an adenosine-diphosphate receptor antagonist) and intravenous glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa antagonists (inhibitors of platelet aggregation irrespective of the stimulus) have demonstrated significant clinical benefit. This review will discuss the role of the aforementioned antiplatelet therapies in thrombotic disorders as well as future directions in the field.
Silicon corrole functionalized color catcher strips for fluoride ion detection (2023)

Monitoring fluoride ions in drinking water is essential for human health. The ability of (Hydroxy)[5,10,15-tritolylcorrolato]silicon complexes [SiTTC(OH)] to bind fluoride ions with a significant color change is exploited to develop a simple and low-cost device to detect in situ fluoride ions in aqueous media. SiTTC(OH) was deposited on Color Catcher® (CC) strips, representing the first example of this support functionalized with a neutral receptor insoluble in water. The CC-SiTTC(OH) strip preparation protocol was optimized to obtain the best performances. Binding of F−led to a drastic color change in CC-SiTTC (OH), and colorimetric measurements were performed with an inexpensive instrumental setup similar to photo-assisted technique (PT), obtaining a LOD lower than the legal limit of 1.5 mg/L (≈ 80 µM) allowed by WHO. The value of the colorimetric variation, processed in terms of Hue, is able to measure with great accuracy the F−concentration in water samples.
Enzymes in organic synthesis: recent developments in aldol reactions and glycosylations (1997)

Carbohydrates have not been as accessible as other biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids and are the least exploited. As a result of their highly asymmetric and densely functionalized nature, carbohydrates are difficult to synthesize using conventional chemistry. Enzymatic synthesis, however, with its high selectivity and mild reaction conditions is very useful for the preparation of carbohydrates. This review gives a brief overview of recent developments in the application of enzymatic aldol reactions and glycosylations to carbohydrate synthesis.
Cognitive Code-Division Links with Blind Primary-System Identification (2011)

We consider the problem of cognitive code-division channelization (simultaneous power and code-channel allocation) for secondary transmission links co-existing with an unknown primary code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system. We first develop a blind primary-user identification scheme to detect the binary code sequences (signatures) utilized by primary users. To create a secondary link we propose two alternative procedures -one of moderate and one of low computational complexity- that optimize the secondary transmitting power and binary code-channel assignment in accordance with the detected primary code channels to avoid "harmful" interference. At the same time, the optimization procedures guarantee that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the output of the maximum SINR linear secondary receiver is no less than a certain threshold to meet secondary transmission quality of service (QoS) requirements. The extension of the channelization problem to multiple secondary links is also investigated. Simulation studies presented herein illustrate the theoretical developments.
Guideline-Directed Low-Density Lipoprotein Management in High-Risk Patients With Ischemic Stroke (2014)

Management of dyslipidemia in high-risk patients with preexistent CAD or stroke continues to be suboptimal. Only 1 in 5 patients with prior TIA/stroke had LDL levels <70 mg/dL.
Opposite field septum magnet system for the separation of charged particle beams (2002)

The Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) accelerator complex comprises a 50-GeV main synchrotron, a 3-GeV rapid-cycling synchrotron, and a 400-MeV linac. The accelerators provide high-intensity, high-energy proton beams for various scientific fields. These high-intensity, high-energy accelerators, especially the 50-GeV main synchrotron, impose tight demands on the injection/extraction septum magnets for a thin structure, large aperture and high operating field. But to manufacture high field septum magnets on the condition of a large aperture is very difficult because of its extraordinarily strong electromagnetic force due to the self-field. To cope with these tight demands, new design concepts of septa are required. An opposite-field septum magnet system is one of the solutions to realize a thin septa or very high-field septum magnets.
The Vasodilatory Effects of Hydralazine, Nicardipine, Nitroglycerin, and Fenoldopam in the Human Umbilical Artery (2003)

We studied the effects of hydralazine, nicardipine, nitroglycerin, and fenoldopam (a dopamine D1-agonist) on isolated human umbilical arteries (HUA) from patients classified as normotensive and with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Umbilical artery rings were contracted with the thromboxane A(2) analog (U46619; 10(-8) M) and then exposed to cumulative concentrations of fenoldopam, hydralazine, nicardipine, and nitroglycerin. Second, rings were preexposed to prazosin (10(-5) M), phenoxybenzamine (10(-5) M), or none, and the constriction responses to increasing doses of fenoldopam or dopamine were recorded. Nitroglycerin, hydralazine, and nicardipine produced concentration-dependent relaxation of U46619-preconstricted HUA segments from normotensive and PIH patients. Fenoldopam and dopamine induced umbilical artery constriction in both normal and PIH rings at concentrations > or = 10(-5) M and > or = 10(-3) M, respectively. Phenoxybenzamine, but not prazosin, pretreatment irreversibly abolished fenoldopam-induced contraction. In this in vitro study, nitroglycerin was the most potent vasodilator of the HUA constricted with U46619, followed by nicardipine and hydralazine. However, fenoldopam constricted HUA rings only at supratherapeutic concentrations. No significant differences of vascular responses to fenoldopam (P = 0.3534), nitroglycerin (P = 0.7416), nicardipine (P = 0.0615), and hydralazine (P = 0.5514) between rings from normotensive or hypertensive pregnant patients were shown.
A Novel Intake Concept for Flue Gas Recirculation to Enhance CCS in an Industrial Gas Turbine (2014)

For the next generation of combined cycles, it is essential to not only improve the performance of a gas turbine combined cycle power plant, but also reduce its environmental impact. Flue Gas Recirculation is a useful method to increase CO2 concentration in the exhaust stream, allowing a smaller and lower cost carbon capture plant than would be required without FGR. Conventional FGR methodology requires a complex mixer with long mixing section to achieve acceptable inlet conditions for the GT compressor. A novel approach is presented, where the method of introducing the flue gas to the compressor has been substantially rethought to provide a low cost and robust FGR solution for carbon capture and sequestration applications. In this paper, CFD analysis of the flow in the intake section is used to demonstrate the operating principle of such a method, and cycle modelling calculations to compare its performance with a more conventional approach.
Regulation of the JMJD3 (KDM6B) histone demethylase in glioblastoma stem cells by STAT3 (2016)

SUMMARY The growth factor and cytokine regulated transcription factor STAT3 is required for the self-renewal of several stem cell types including tumor stem cells from glioblastoma. Here we show that STAT3 inhibition leads to the upregulation of the histone H3K27me2/3 demethylase Jmjd3 (KDM6B), which can reverse polycomb complex-mediated repression of tissue specific genes. STAT3 binds to the Jmjd3 promoter, suggesting that Jmjd3 is a direct target of STAT3. Overexpression of Jmjd3 slows glioblastoma stem cell growth and neurosphere formation, whereas knockdown of Jmjd3 rescues the STAT3 inhibitor-induced neurosphere formation defect. Consistent with this observation, STAT3 inhibition leads to histone H3K27 demethylation of neural differentiation genes, such as Myt1, FGF21, and GDF15. These results demonstrate that the regulation of Jmjd3 by STAT3 maintains repression of differentiation specific genes and is therefore important for the maintenance of self-renewal of normal neural and glioblastoma stem cells.
<title>Expanded color gamut reproduced by six-primary projection display</title> (2000)

The range of the reproducible color, i.e., color gamut, of the conventional display devices such as CRTs (cathode ray tubes) and LCDs (liquid crystal displays) is sometimes insufficient for reproducing the natural color of an object through color imaging systems. In this paper, six-primary color display is presented to reproduce the expanded color gamut, by using two conventional RGB projectors and six interference filters. The design method of the filters is also introduced to maximize the volume of the color gamut in CIE-LUV uniform color space. Using the experimental system, the gamut of the six-primary projection display is evaluated comparing with that of conventional CRTs and projectors.
Model-Free Template Reconstruction Attack with Feature Converter (2022)

State-of-the-art template reconstruction attacks assume that an adversary has access to a part or whole of the functionality of a target model. However, in a practical scenario, rigid protection of the target system prevents them from gaining knowledge of the target model. In this paper, we propose a novel template reconstruction attack method utilizing a feature converter. The feature converter enables an adversary to reconstruct an image from a corresponding compromised template without knowledge about the target model. The proposed method was evaluated with qualitative and quantitative measures. We achieved the Successful Attack Rate(SAR) of 0.90 on Labeled Faces in the Wild Dataset(LFW) with compromised templates of only 1280 identities.
Sound speed in pulmonary parenchyma (1983)

The time it takes audible sound waves to travel across a lobe of excised horse lung was measured. Sound speed, which is the slope in the relationship between transit time and distance across the lobe, was estimated by linear regression analysis. Sound-speed estimates for air-filled lungs varied between 25 and 70 m/s, depending on lung volume. These speeds are less than 5% of sound speed in tissue and less than 20% of sound speed in air. Filling the lung with helium or sulfur hexafluoride, whose free-field sound speeds are 970 and 140 m/s, respectively, changed sound speed +/- 10% relative to air filling. Reducing the ambient pressure to 0.1 atm reduced sound speed to 30% of its 1-atm value. Increasing pressure to 7 atm increased sound speed by a factor of 2.6. These results suggest that 1) translobar sound travels through the bulk of the parenchyma and not along airways or blood vessels, and 2) the parenchyma acts as an elastic continuum to audible sound. The speed of sound is given by c = (B/rho)1/2, where B is composite volumetric stiffness of the medium and rho is average density. In the physiologic state B is affected by ambient pressure and percent gas phase. The average density includes both the tissue and gas phases of the parenchyma, so it is dependent on lung volume. These results may be helpful in the quantification of clinical observations of lung sounds.
Cognitive video surveillance: an ANN/CBR hybrid approach (2007)

Cognitive vision is an interesting field of research that tries to create vision systems with cognitive abilities. Automated video surveillance is increasingly needed to watch our public transport systems, either as a totally automated system or as an operator assistant. In this thesis a design for a cognitive automated video surveillance system is proposed. A hybrid ANN/CBR behavior analysis system is proposed as a cognitive extension of existing video tracking system, and a prototype is developed. By investigating the current state of cognitive vision and automated video surveillance and by looking at existing hybrid approaches to combine them, it is argued that this approach is an area of research where few designs are implemented and tested. Several frameworks for both ANN/CBR hybrids are proposed in literature, and so called emergent cognitive system frameworks are also presented, but few implementations have been done. As far as our literature review has spanned, no automated video surveillance system is attempted with the use of an ANN/CBR hybrid.
Insulin Sensitization for Girls with Precocious Pubarche and with Risk for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Effects of Prepubertal Initiation and Postpubertal Discontinuation of Metformin Treatment (2004)

Among girls with precocious pubarche (PP), those with low birth weight (LBW) are, even if nonobese, at risk for progression to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) including hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism, dyslipidemia, dysadipocytokinemia, and central fat excess. Recently, we disclosed the efficacy of insulin sensitization with metformin to disrupt progression from PP to PCOS in formerly LBW girls who were postmenarche. In LBW-PP girls, we have now extended the exploration of early insulin sensitization therapy in two directions: 1) metformin therapy was started before puberty; and 2) we assessed the effects of metformin discontinuation in girls who had started metformin treatment after menarche. Prepubertal LBW-PP girls (n = 33; mean age, 8.0 yr; body mass index, 18.5 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to remain untreated or to receive metformin (425 mg/d) for 6 months. Postpubertal LBW-PP girls (n = 24; age, 12.4 yr; body mass index, 21.0 kg/m(2)) had been randomized (at -12 months) to remain untreated or to receive metformin (850 mg/d) for 12 months, at which time (0 month) a treatment cross-over was performed for 6 months. Fasting blood glucose and serum insulin, SHBG, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, testosterone, lipid profile, IL-6, and adiponectin were assessed at 0 and 6 months, as was body composition (by dual x-ray absorptiometry). In the prepubertal study (group A), comparisons of untreated vs. treated girls disclosed normalizing effects of metformin on SHBG, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, IL-6, adiponectin, total and abdominal fat mass, and lean body mass. In the postpubertal study (group B), treatment cross-over at 0 month was in each subgroup followed by a striking reversal in the course of the endocrine-metabolic state, adipocytokinemia, and body composition; all changes pointed to normalizing effects of metformin treatment. In conclusion, these two studies provide the first evidence that 1) prepubertal metformin therapy has normalizing effects on PCOS features in high risk girls with a combined history of LBW and PP; and 2) in adolescence, metformin's normalizing effects are reversed as soon as metformin therapy is discontinued.
A new alternating direction method for solving separable variational inequality problems (2012)

The alternating direction methods are attractive for solving separable variational inequality problems, which solve the original large-scale problems via solving a series of small-scale problems. However, the two subproblems solved per iteration are still variational inequality problems, which are structurally as difficult to solve as the original problems. In this paper, we propose a new alternating direction method, which, per iteration, solves a variational inequality problem and a system of nonlinear equations. The nonlinear equation is wellconditioned and many efficient methods, such as Newton-type methods, can be adopted directly to solve it. Moreover, from numerical point of view, nonlinear equations are much easier to solve than variational inequality problems in many cases. Under the same mild assumptions as those in classical alternating direction methods, we prove global convergence of the new method. We also present some preliminary numerical results, which show that our method is efficient.
Analytical theory and Monte Carlo simulations of gel formation of charged chains (2008)

We analyze the formation of gels by linear charged chains with associating end groups, termed charged telechelics, by analytical and computational methods. Linking chains together leads to polydisperse mixtures of branched macromolecules that form a sol fraction. At a certain fraction of associated end groups a macromolecule spanning the whole system or gel appears. In this work we study how the charge density of the telechelic backbone, controlled via the pH, and the salt concentration modifies the gelation transition. We use a mean field model of chain association which includes self-consistently the electrostatic interaction through a generalized linear response theory approach. Our analytic results compare well with our Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the number of chains connected to i chains after the gelation is rather monodisperse generating highly homogeneous networks of charged chains.