gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Daily Habits to Maintain Ocular Surface Health: Internet Survey on Eyelid Cleaning (2016)

Importance: Dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction are largely modern diseases, having recently increased in incidence, and it is an important public health problem. Although, proper eyelid care will ensure the health of the ocular surface, its habit in general population has not previously been reported.
Observation: In this brief report, we sought to determine the extent to which the general Japanese population had adopted eyelid hygiene habits. We conducted an Internet survey designed to investigate the awareness of eyelid hygiene in Japan and we received 1055 responses. This web-based survey was administered in 2014.
Conclusion and relevance: The percentage of respondents who reported consciously cleaning their eyelids daily (23%) was low. In particular, the disease “Meibomian gland dysfunction”, which is a major cause of dry eye, is hardly recognized (2%) amongst the general population. Furthermore, more than half of the respondents reported having some ocular symptoms. Public education efforts should attempt to raise awareness of lid hygiene, as it is the mainstay of treatment for ocular surface diseases and may be sufficient for their control. Eliminating poor hygiene habits can result in a healthy ocular surface.
Anisotropic Nano-Imprinting Technique for Fabricating a Patterned Optical Film of a Liquid Crystalline Polymer (2008)

We developed an anisotropic nano-imprinting technique, which combines the exposure of ultraviolet light, to fabricate a patterned optical film of a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP). The nano-imprinted LCP film has two-fold functionality of an in-cell retarder and an alignment layer of liquid crystal (LC) molecules. In addition to the geometrically generated microgrooves, the anisotropic surface interactions of the LCP acquired at a nano-scale level during the imprinting process results in the LC alignment on the patterned LCP film without any surface treatment. The nano-imprinted, quarter wave LCP was implemented into a LC cell which produces half-wave retardation under crossed polarizers.
Depth Enhancement of Optical Scanning Holography with a Spiral Phase Plate (2015)

A spiral phase plate is applied to the optical scanning holography system to improve the depth resolution of the reconstruction, the simulation results show that the depth interval can be resolved at a 0.4 mm with only a single hologram.
Plasmonic random nanostructures on fiber tip for trapping live cells and colloidal particles (2015)

We demonstrate optical trapping on a gold-coated single-mode fiber tip as excited by 980-nm laser radiation. The trapping force here is not due to common plasmonic localization, but dominated by the combined effect of thermophoresis and thermal convection. The reported scheme only requires simple thin-film deposition. More importantly, efficient broadband plasmonic absorption of the gold random nanostructures, aided by purely Gaussian excitation profile from the fiber core, has led to very low trapping-power threshold typically in hundreds of microwatts. This highly versatile fiber-based trapping scheme clearly offers many potential application possibilities in life sciences as well as engineering disciplines.
VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) markers show loss of chromosome 17p sequences in human colorectal carcinomas (1988)

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at 53 autosomal loci were screened for heterozygosity in 40 colorectal cancer patients. The DNA pattern in constitutional versus tumor/polyp tissue was compared. More than half of the markers tested were of the VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) type, giving the patient panel a higher informational content, since the frequency of individuals heterozygous for a particular marker is increased. Loss of alleles was revealed in 40% of the tumors from constitutionally heterozygous patients at the chromosome 17p loci, identified by the markers YNH37 and YNZ22. Similar losses were also detected on other autosomes, but at a significantly lower frequency. Our results suggest that hemi/homozygosity of 17p alleles plays a role in the development of a major subset of colorectal carcinomas. Similar observations regarding other autosomal loci may be interpreted as random losses in these tumors, or they may indicate loci important to minor clinical subclasses of colon carcinomas.
A multichannel approach to fingerprint classification (1999)

Fingerprint classification provides an important indexing mechanism in a fingerprint database. An accurate and consistent classification can greatly reduce fingerprint matching time for a large database. We present a fingerprint classification algorithm which is able to achieve an accuracy better than previously reported in the literature. We classify fingerprints into five categories: whorl, right loop, left loop, arch, and tented arch. The algorithm uses a novel representation (FingerCode) and is based on a two-stage classifier to make a classification. It has been tested on 4000 images in the NIST-4 database. For the five-class problem, a classification accuracy of 90 percent is achieved (with a 1.8 percent rejection during the feature extraction phase). For the four-class problem (arch and tented arch combined into one class), we are able to achieve a classification accuracy of 94.8 percent (with 1.8 percent rejection). By incorporating a reject option at the classifier, the classification accuracy can be increased to 96 percent for the five-class classification task, and to 97.8 percent for the four-class classification task after a total of 32.5 percent of the images are rejected.
Quantitative analysis of docetaxel in human plasma using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2004)

An assay for the quantitative determination of docetaxel in human plasma is described. Docetaxel was extracted from the matrix using liquid-liquid extraction with ter-butylmethylether, followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis using an alkaline eluent. Paclitaxel was used as internal standard. Positive ionization electrospray tandem mass spectrometry was performed for selective and sensitive detection. The method was validated according to the FDA guidelines on bioanalytical method validation. The validated range for docetaxel was from 0.25--1000 ng/mL using 200 microL plasma aliquots. The method requires only a limited volume (200 microL) of human plasma and the method can be applied in studies requiring a low lower limit of quantitation of 0.25 ng/mL. The assay was applied successfully in several clinical and pharmacological studies with docetaxel.
Molecular profiling in gynecologic cancer and matched targeted therapy: A step toward improving personalized medicine. (2014)

5578 Background: In the wake of personalized medicine in Oncology, genetic tumor profiling has become a cornerstone to select patients (pts) for clinical trials, exploring new molecular targeted agents. Methods: As part of the Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Molecular Prescreening/Phase 1 Trials Program, advanced gynecologic cancer (GYNT) pts were screened for molecular alterations (MA) (KRAS/PIK3CA/AKT/BRAF mutations [mut]; PD-L1 expression; PTEN loss, H score<50) and allocated to receive matched targeted therapy (MTT). We present a summary of molecular characteristics and clinical outcomes, using previous treatment as reference to evaluate potential efficacy. Results: From 01/2012 to 11/2013, 86 consecutive GYNT pts (mean age: 53.3 yrs; median no. previous treatments: 3 [0-7]) were screened for MA; 60 (69.8%) ovarian (OvC), 18 (20.9%) endometrial (EC) and 8 (9.3%) cervical carcinomas (CC). Median time from diagnosis to molecular analysis was 2.96 yrs. MA were identified in 23 pts (26.7%) as specified in Table 1: 5 type-I/8 type-II OvC; 4 type-I/4 type-II EC; 2 CC. Fifteen pts received MTT according to MA. Six harbored PIK3CA mut; 5 were treated with α-specific PI3K inh and 1 with PI3K/mTOR inh. Pts with KRAS mut (8) received MEK inh-based combinations: 6 MEK/PI3K inh, 1 MEK/AKT inh, 1 MEK/IGFR1 inh. A double-mutated pt (PIK3CA/KRAS mut) was treated with mTOR inh. Median PFS of the MTT population was 19.5 wks [CI95%: 10.7-NA], slightly superior to 17.0 wks [CI95%: 12.9-38.6] achieved with the immediately previous line of systemic therapy (p=0.121). Conclusions: Treatment based on MA may improve clinical outcome in heavily pre-treated GYNT, as results in this analysis were superior to standard therapy. Statistical significance was not reached, probably due to small sample size. Our work warrants further studies of MTT in larger less pre-treated population. GYNT (n, %) CC (8, 9.3) EC (18, 20.9) OvC (60, 69.8) ADK (2, 25) SCC (6, 75) Type I (7, 39) Type II (11, 61) Type I (13, 22) Type II (47, 78) PIK3CA (n) AKT1 E17K 1 Q546K 1 E545K 1 1 E542K 1 H1047R 2 3 R88Q 1* KRAS (n) G12D 1 1 1 1 3 G12V 1 1 G12S 1 1 A59T 1* PD-L1 (n) 1 PTEN loss (n, %) 0 (0) 9 (50) 16 (27) % MA per GYNT subtype 25 100 48.3 *Double mut: 1 pt endometrioid EC.
Vein Patterns as Bio-metric Identifier using Euclidean Distance (2014)

Hand Vein patterns are one of the safest biometric information due to their strong resilience against the impostor attacks. In the presented work, a new approach for biometric authentication using infrared thermal hand vein patterns is proposed. The proposed work presents a Euclidean distance based vein's pattern based biometric authentication that can be used for ascertaining the biometric identity of person under scanner. The vein patterns are grabbed using the infra red (IR) thermal cameras and after applying some image pre-processing operations, a binary image is obtained consisting of veins crossings and intersections. The binary image is thinned using the morphological operations and a single line thinned image pattern is obtained. The thinned image pattern is now examined for intersections extractions and inter-distance between intersections. The inter-distance between intersections of vein patterns are stored in a data base. Further, when a test vein pattern is brought under test, the data base information is compared to that of the test pattern using Euclidean distances. Minimum the Euclidean distance, more is the equivalency of the test pattern to data base pattern
High Frequency Modulated and Time Resolved Photoluminescence: Towards a Full Temporal Characterization on III-V Semi-Conductor Materials Including Slow Mechanisms (2020)

Time resolved Photoluminescence is a standard technique to probe the recombination paths in photovoltaic semiconductors. However, the effect of slow mechanisms as de-trapping often appears at the end of the decays, and are sometimes covered by the noise. Furthermore, in complex decay cases, one has to postulate recombination mechanisms and to perform to simulations, without insurance that the fitting procedure will lead to unique fits. In this context we upgraded our Frequency Domain setup, also known as High Frequency Modulated Photoluminescence up to 100 MHz. We coupled the both kind of measurements, TRPL and HFMPL with drift diffusion simulation including light reabsorption. Finally, we present several kind of III-V material responses and show how the response can be interpreted more reliably using the 2 methods and the simulations.
The reactions between SO2 and C2H2 (and C2H4) at elevated temperatures. A single‐pulse shock tube investigation (1971)

Abstract The high‐temperature reaction between sulfur dioxide and acetylene in an excess of argon was studied in a 1−in. i.d. single‐pulse shock tube. Mixtures ranging from 1.81% to 5.40% SO 2 and 1.60% to 4.90% C 2 H 2 were heated to reflected shock temperatures of 1550°–2150°K, for dwell times of about 0.6 msec and gas dynamically quenched. Total reaction densities were 0.89 to 5.4 × 10 −2 moles/1. The reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography. A technique was developed for separating Ar, C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , SO 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 S, COS, and CS 2 . The major products of the reaction are CO, H 2 , CS 2 , and sulfur. The products observed were compared with those predicted on the assumption that equilibrium was attained. Several preliminary experiments were carried out with ethylene‐sulfur dioxide mixtures, and the results indicated that for this combination the sulfur dioxide probably reacted with the acetylene generated from the decomposition of the ethylene, rather than directly with the ethylene. The rate of decline in the sulfur dioxide content in C 2 H 2 ‐SO 2 mixtures was found to be approximately second order (total) and can be empirically represented by A mechanism is proposed to account for the overall reaction kinetics.
ANABAENA AND MICROCYSTIS IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: A TALE OF PLASTICITY (2000)

The molecular marker, cpcBA‐IGS, was used to examine the biogeography of representatives of Anabaena and Microcystis collected from Pacific Northwest lakes and their phylogenetic relationship to isolates from the UTEX and CCAP culture collections. cpcBA‐IGS contains portions of the alpha and beta subunit of cyanophycocyanin with an intergenic spacer (IGS) of ∼100 base pairs situated between the subunits. The use of this cyanobacteria specific marker and primers allowed us to amplify cpcBA‐IGS DNA from uni‐cyanobacterial field samples. The morphology and habit of specimens were documented by photomicroscopy. Single filaments or colonies of field material and 3–4 filaments of culture material were then amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results include analysis of non‐toxic summer and toxic winter blooms of Anabaena from 1989–1997 in American Lake, WA and a comparison of non‐toxic and toxic Microcystis from Lake Sammamish, WA. A preliminary phylogenetics analysis of Pacific Northwest and UTEX isolates also was performed using parsimony, maximum likelihood and distance methods. The results of this analysis suggest that revision of Anabaena and Microcystis taxonomy may be needed.
Germline mosaicism in Cornelia de Lange syndrome (2012)

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disorder associated with delayed growth, intellectual disability, limb reduction defects, and characteristic facial features. Germline mosaicism has been a described mechanism for CdLS when there are several affected offspring of apparently unaffected parents. Presently, the recurrence risk for CdLS has been estimated to be as high as 1.5%; however, this figure may be an underrepresentation. We report on the molecularly defined germline mosaicism cases from a large CdLS database, representing the first large case series on germline mosaicism in CdLS. Of the 12 families, eight have been previously described; however, four have not. No one specific gene mutation, either in the NIPBL or the SMC1A gene, was associated with an increased risk for germline mosaicism. Suspected or confirmed cases of germline mosaicism in our database range from a conservative 3.4% up to 5.4% of our total cohort. In conclusion, the potential reproductive recurrence risk due to germline mosiacism should be addressed in prenatal counseling for all families who have had a previously affected pregnancy or child with CdLS.
Xenogen-free isolation and culture of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (2019)

A practical method for human ASC isolation and culturing from abdominal lipo-aspirate, without the addition of xenogenic substances, is described. The mechanical protocol is more successful than the current gold standard protocol of enzyme digestion. These results are important in the translation of laboratory-based cell cultures to clinical reconstructive and aesthetic applications.
Correlation between Mechanical and Enzymatic Events in Contracting Skeletal Muscle Fiber (2004)

The conventional hypothesis of muscle contraction postulates that the interaction between actin and myosin involves tight coupling between the power stroke and hydrolysis of ATP. However, some in vitro experiments suggested that hydrolysis of a single molecule of ATP caused multiple mechanical cycles. To test whether the tight coupling is present in contracting muscle, we simultaneously followed mechanical and enzymatic events in a small population of cross-bridges of glycerinated rabbit psoas fibers. Such small population behaves as a single cross-bridge when muscle contraction is initiated by a sudden release of caged ATP. Mechanical events were measured by changes of orientation of probes bound to the regulatory domain of myosin. Enzymatic events were simultaneously measured from the same cross-bridge population by the release of fluorescent ADP from the active site. If the conventional view were true, ADP desorption would occur simultaneously with dissociation of cross-bridges from thin filaments and would be followed by cross-bridge rebinding to thin filaments. Such sequence of events was indeed observed in contracting muscle fibers, suggesting that mechanical and enzymatic events are tightly coupled in vivo.
Coherence of tracked arrivals in SPICEX (2008)

In the fall of 2004, 250 Hz broadband signals were received at 500 km and 1000 km ranges on a near full water-column vertical array in the North Pacific ocean. Individual ray arrivals of very high SNR could easily be identified and tracked using a turning-point filter (time-delay beamforming accounting for channel structure), thus providing accurate vertical coherence estimates. The observations can be compared to standard Monte Carlo estimates of coherence made using accurate parabolic-equation acoustic propagation in an ensemble of ocean states consistent with the standard Garrett-Munk ocean internal-wave spectrum. Acoustic coherence can also be expressed as a depth- dependent structure function. This is naturally estimated by the full-wave travel-time sensitivity kernel (TSK) which provides a linearized transformation from the internal wave spectrum to the structure function. Environmental measurements were conducted almost concurrently with the acoustic trials, constraining the acceptable ocean variability. Allowances must be made for scattering by sound-speed variability along isopycnals (spiciness) in the upper mixed layer. The most important conclusion to date is that the vertical coherence is depth-dependent but this statement must be qualified by the ability of the beamformer to separate arrivals.
Equalization of Cables for Local Television Transmission (1955)

An improved equalization system has been developed for video cable. Equalizer design is based on an analysis of cable performance, which shows that an analytic expression can be obtained for the loss and phase of the cable over the video band. Fixed equalizers were designed to handle the loss characteristics of a nominal cable pair and manually-adjustable equalizers to handle expected variations. New wideband approximation methods were used to match arbitrary impedance or loss characteristics to close tolerances. With these equalizers an initial cable distortion of a hundred or more db may be reduced to less than 0.05 db.
Synthesis of Intrinsically Blue-Colored bis-Nitronyl Nitroxide Peptidomimetic Templates and Their Conformational Preferences as Revealed by a Combined Spectroscopic Analysis (2017)

The intrinsically blue-colored Ullman imidazolinyl nitronyl nitroxide (NN) mono-radicals have found various applications, in particular as spin probes and organic magnetic materials. Here, we present the solution-phase synthesis, extensive characterization, and conformational analysis of the first peptidomimetics with two pendant, chiral nitronyl nitroxide free radical units. Two (R)-Aic(NN) residues, where Aic(NN) is 2-amino-5-nitronylnitroxide-indan-2-carboxylic acid, have been inserted at positions i and i+3 of the pentapeptide Boc-(R)-Aic(NN)-(Ala)<sub>2</sub>-(R)-Aic(NN)-Ala-OMe and the hexapeptide Boc-[Ala-(R)-Aic(NN)-Ala]<sub>2</sub>-OMe as well. The two compounds were obtained in good yields and high purities. Thanks to a combination of several spectroscopic techniques (IR absorption, NMR, VCD, and EPR) we gained clear evidence that both compounds adopt a right-handed 3<sub>10</sub>-helical conformation with both nitronyl nitroxide pendants positioned on the same side of the helix. This peptidomimetic/free radical system is a potentially excellent template for the preparation of a set of appropriate analogs with exciting applications in the area of host-guest organic chemistry, or to spectroscopically evaluate in-depth the intramolecular exchange interactions in this type of probe.
Passively mode-locked Er/sup 3+/ fiber laser using a semiconductor nonlinear mirror (1993)

A nonlinear mirror consisting of an InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well saturable absorber integrated with a Bragg reflector stack has been used to passively mode-lock a fiber laser in an extremely simple and advantageous linear-cavity configuration. To date, pulses as short as 7.6 ps have been observed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Cofactor of tRNA Synthetase, p43, Is Secreted to Up-regulate Proinflammatory Genes (2001)

An auxiliary factor of mammalian multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, p43, is thought to be a precursor of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) that triggers proinflammation in leukocytes and macrophages. In the present work, however, we have shown that p43 itself is specifically secreted from intact mammalian cells, while EMAP II is released only when the cells are disrupted. Secretion of p43 was also observed when its expression was increased. These results suggest that p43 itself should be a real cytokine secreted by an active mechanism. To determine the cytokine activity and active domain of p43, we investigated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from human monocytic THP-1 cells treated with various p43 deletion mutants. The full length of p43 showed higher cytokine activity than EMAP II, further supporting p43 as the active cytokine. p43 was also shown to activate MAPKs and NFkappaB, and to induce cytokines and chemokines such as TNF, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, MIP-2alpha, IL-1beta, and RANTES. Interestingly, the high level of p43 was observed in the foam cells of atherosclerotic lesions. Therefore, p43 could be a novel mediator of atherosclerosis development as well as other inflammation-related diseases.
Small angle electron diffraction and deflection (2012)

Electron optical system is constructed in order to obtain small angle diffraction and Lorentz deflection of electrons at the order of down to 10-6 radian in the reciprocal space. Long-distance camera length up to 3000 m is achieved in a conventional transmission electron microscope with LaB6 thermal emission type. The diffraction pattern at 5 × 10-6 radian is presented in a carbon replica grating with 500 nm lattice spacing while the magnetic deflection pattern at 2 × 10-5 radian is exhibited in Permalloy elements. A simultaneous recording of electron diffraction and Lorentz deflection is also demonstrated in 180 degree striped magnetic domains of La0.825Sr0.175MnO3.
Mosaic structure of intragenic repetitive elements in histone H1-like protein Hc2 varies within serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis (2010)

The polymorphisms in Hc2 need to be further investigated in experimental studies since DNA binding is essential for the unique biphasic life cycle of the Chlamydiacae. The high sequence variation in the corresponding hctB gene enables phylogenetic analysis and provides a suitable target for the genotyping of C. trachomatis.