gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RBTT-05. A SINGLE-ARM, OPEN-LABEL, PHASE II STUDY EVALUATING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ABEMACICLIB IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT OLIGODENDROGLIOMA: TRIALS IN PROGRESS (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Oligodendroglioma is a rare primary brain tumor characterized by mutation in the IDH1/IDH2 genes and codeletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q. Although median overall survival extends beyond 10 years for patients with oligodendroglioma who receive adjuvant radiation and alkylating chemotherapy, the disease uniformly relapses and has no other effective treatments. The CIC gene, which encodes a high-mobility group box transcriptional repressor, is mutated in about 70% of oligodendrogliomas and is associated with worse prognosis and overexpression of cyclin D1 (CCND1). Cyclin D1 assembles with the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 to cause phosphorylation of Rb protein and subsequent cell cycle progression from the G1 to S phase. Therapeutic inhibition of CDK4/6 activity, which leads to Rb dephosphorylation and cell cycle arrest, has revolutionized the care of breast cancer. The current phase 2 study will investigate the efficacy and safety of abemaciclib, a selective and potent small molecule inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6 with significant brain-brain barrier penetration, in patients with 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma that has recurred after standard radiation and alkylating chemotherapy. METHODS This protocol (NCT03969706) has a single-arm, open-label, single-stage phase 2 design. Subjects will be treated with abemaciclib 200mg tablet twice daily on 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tumor response will be assessed according to modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (mRANO) criteria. The primary objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of abemaciclib for recurrent oligodendroglioma. The primary endpoint is the progression-free survival status of the subject at 6 months after enrollment (PFS-6). The alternative hypothesis is that the proportion of subjects without an event at 6 months will be ³85%. We will test this hypothesis against a null hypothesis of PFS-6 = 50%. With enrollment of 10 planned subjects, the power to detect this difference is 82% (one-sided alpha = 0.05).
Remote Fiber Based Velocimeter For Interface Strength Measurements (2020)

The understanding of the performance of nuclear reactor plate fuels is essential when developing new fuel systems. The condition of pre and post irradiated plate fuels must be characterized effectively and efficiently prior to irradiation and then post irradiation within a high rad environment. The post characterization work must be performed remotely and in an environment hostile to instrumentation. Laser based characterization methods provide the capability to be remote and robust within a hot-cell environment. Laser based characterization can provide high spatial resolution appropriate for scanning and imaging large areas. The INL is currently developing a laser shock system for Post Irradiation Examination (PIE) station for use in the Hot Fuel Examination Facility (HFEF) at the INL. The laser shock system is designed to characterize fuel to cladding and cladding to cladding interface strength. The laser shock-technique induces large amplitude shock waves to mechanically characterize interfaces such as the fuel-clad interface. The shock wave propagates as a compressional wave through the fuel plate to the free (unconfined) backside surface and is reflected back through the test plate as a rarefaction (tensile) wave. This rarefaction wave is the physical mechanism that produces internal delamination failure. The focus or this paper is on the accurate measurement of surface velocity to quantify the amount of energy traveling through the interfaces to the back surface of the fuel plate. The original fiber based velocimeter design was biased by parasitic back reflections. This paper will discuss the discovery of the back-reflection issue and the design changes to resolve the issue. Supporting data will be presented.
Importance of charge defects in a-Si:H materials and solar cell structures (1996)

Detailed results and their analysis are presented for establishing the types and densities of gap states in a-Si:H, deposited from silane diluted with hydrogen, in the annealed and the degraded stabilized states. For /spl sim/1 /spl mu/m thick films the dependence of both the electron mobility-lifetime products (/spl mu//spl tau/) and subgap absorption measured with the dual beam photoconductivity (DBP) method over wide generation rates is self consistently fitted using an improved subgap absorption model (SAM). The self-consistent analysis of all the results could be carried out only by including donor-like D/sup +/, D/sup o/ and acceptor-like D/sup -/ defect states. "Operational" parameters of these states were derived for a three-gaussian distribution using AMPS with virtually identical gap state parameters. Excellent fits were then obtained for the far forward I-V characteristics of corresponding Schottky barrier cell structures in both the annealed and stabilised degraded states after changing by more than three to four orders of magnitude.
Activation of MAPK Cascades by GnRH: ERK and Jun N-Terminal Kinase Are Involved in Basal and GnRH-Stimulated Activity of the Glycoprotein Hormone LHβ-Subunit Promoter (2002)

The role of ERK and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in basal- and GnRH-stimulated LHbeta-promoter activity was examined in the gonadotroph cell line LbetaT-2. GnRH agonist (GnRH-A) stimulates the MAPK cascades ERK, JNK, and p38MAPK, with a peak at 7 min for ERK and at 60 min for JNK and p38MAPK. The rat glycoprotein hormone LHbeta-subunit promoter, linked to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene, was used to follow its activation. Addition of GnRH-A (10 nM) to LbetaT-2 cells resulted in a 6-fold increase in LHbeta-CAT activity at 8 h, which was markedly reduced by a GnRH antagonist. The PKC activator 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), but not the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin, stimulated LHbeta-CAT activity. Addition of GnRH-A and TPA together did not produce an additive response. Down-regulation of PKC, but not removal of Ca(2+), abolished the GnRH-A and the TPA response. Cotransfection of the LHbeta-promoter and the constitutively active form of Raf-1 stimulated basal and GnRH-A-induced LHbeta-CAT activity. The dominant negative forms of the ERK cascade members Ras, Raf-1, and MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) markedly reduced basal and GnRH-A-induced LHbeta-CAT activity, Similar results were obtained with the MEK inhibitor PD 098059. Cotransfection of the LHbeta-promoter and the constitutively active CDC42 stimulated basal and GnRH-A-induced LHbeta-CAT activity. The dominant negative forms of the JNK cascade members Rac, CDC42, and SEK markedly diminished basal and GnRH-A-induced LHbeta-CAT activity. Interestingly, the constitutively active form of c-Src stimulated the basal and the GnRH-A response, whereas the dominant negative form of c-Src, or the c-Src inhibitor PP1 diminished basal and the GnRH-A response. We conclude that ERK and JNK are involved in basal and GnRH-A stimulation of LHbeta-CAT activity. c-Src participates also in LHbeta-promoter activation by a mechanism which might be linked to ERK and JNK activation.
Development of an arc furnace model for power quality studies (2003)

Arc furnaces are known to cause voltage flicker and to inject harmonics into the power system. Utilities and customers are concerned about these effects and try to take precautions to minimize them. Simulation is a powerful means of testing and verifying proposed solutions to this end. Developing an arc furnace model that can duplicate its erratic operation has been a challenging task for several researchers in the past. Two classes of approaches have been proposed for the modeling problem: stochastic and chaotic. Both methods have their advantages and shortfalls as shown in related publications. In this paper, the authors present the results of a study, where an arc furnace is modeled using both chaotic and deterministic elements. The flicker effect, which is the manifestation of voltage fluctuations, is captured using the well studied Chua's chaotic circuit, whereas a dynamic model in the form of a differential equation is used for the electric arc. The resulting model produces both effects and the resulting harmonic spectrum of the simulated arc furnace voltage is used as an illustration.
Targeting the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway Using Phytocompounds for Cancer Prevention and Therapy (2020)

Cancer is a prevalent cause of mortality around the world. Aberrated activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway promotes tumorigenesis. Natural agents, including phytochemicals, exhibit potent anticancer activities via various mechanisms. However, the therapeutic potency of phytoconstituents as inhibitors of JAK/STAT signaling against cancer has only come into focus in recent days. The current review highlights phytochemicals that can suppress the JAK/STAT pathway in order to impede cancer cell growth. Various databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SpringerLink, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched using relevant keywords. Once the authors were in agreement regarding the suitability of a study, a full-length form of the relevant article was obtained, and the information was gathered and cited. All the complete articles that were incorporated after the literature collection rejection criteria were applied were perused in-depth and material was extracted based on the importance, relevance, and advancement of the apprehending of the JAK/STAT pathway and their relation to phytochemicals. Based on the critical and comprehensive analysis of literature presented in this review, phytochemicals from diverse plant origins exert therapeutic and cancer preventive effects, at least in part, through regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Nevertheless, more preclinical and clinical research is necessary to completely comprehend the capability of modulating JAK/STAT signaling to achieve efficient cancer control and treatment.
Design of a Wide Input Range DC–DC Converter With a Robust Power Control Scheme Suitable for Fuel Cell Power Conversion (2008)

In this paper, an analysis and design of a wide input range dc-dc converter is proposed along with a robust power control scheme. The proposed converter and its control are designed to be compatible with a fuel cell power source, which exhibits 2 : 1 voltage variation as well as a slow transient response. The proposed approach consists of two stages: a three-level boost converter stage cascaded with a current-fed two-inductor boost converter topology, which has a higher voltage gain and provides galvanic isolation from the input source. The function of the front-end boost converter stage is to maintain a constant voltage at the input of the cascaded dc-dc converter to ensure optimal performance characteristics and high efficiency. At the output of the first boost converter, a battery or ultracapacitor energy storage is connected to handle slow transient response of the fuel cell (200 W/min). The robust features of the proposed control system ensure a constant output dc voltage for a variety of load fluctuations, thus limiting the power being delivered by the fuel cell during a load transient. Moreover, the proposed configuration simplifies power management and can interact with the fuel cell controller. Simulation and the experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.
Estimating the gas hydrate recovery prospects in the western Black Sea basin based on the 3D multiphase flow of fluid and gas components within highly permeable paleo-channel-levee systems (2017)

Gas hydrate deposits are abundant in the Black Sea region and confirmed by direct observations as well as geophysical evidence, such as continuous bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs). Although those gas hydrate accumulations have been well-studied for almost two decades, the migration pathways of methane that charge the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) 
in the region are unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the most probable gas migration scenarios within a three-dimensional finite element grid based on seismic surveys and available basin cross-sections. We have used the commercial software PetroMod TM(Schlumberger) to perform a set of sensitivity studies that narrow the gap between the wide range of sediment properties affecting the multi-phase flow in porous media.
The high-resolution model domain focuses on the Danube deep-sea fan and associated buried sandy channel-levee systems whereas the total extension of the model domain covers a larger area of the western Black Sea basin. Such a large model domain allows for investigating biogenic as well as thermogenic 
methane generation and a permeability driven migration of the free phase of methane
on a basin scale to confirm the hypothesis of efficient methane migration into the gas hydrate reservoir layers by horizontal flow along the carrier beds.
Bacterial biofilm in adenoids of children with chronic otitis media. Part II: a case–control study of nasopharyngeal microbiota, virulence, and resistance of biofilms in adenoids (2020)

<b>Background</b>: We previously described that adenoid tissue in children with chronic otitis media (COM) contained more mucosal biofilms than adenoid tissue removed for hypertrophy.<b>Aims/objectives:</b> The aim of the second part was to characterize nasopharyngeal microbiota and explore virulence of the most common middle ear pathogens.<b>Material and methods</b>: Bacteriological analysis was performed following a culture-based approach on the samples recovered from 30 patients of COM group (15 biofilm-positive and 15 biofilm-negative) and from 30 patients of a control group (15 biofilm-positive and 15 biofilm-negative). Virulence factors of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> were investigated.<b>Results</b>: The most frequent species were Firmicutes followed by <i>Proteobacteria</i> and <i>Actinobacteria</i>. The presence of biofilm was statistically associated with an increase of the number of bacterial species and Firmicutes phylum regardless of the condition (case/control). No virulence factors associated with invasive isolates were found for the most common middle ear pathogens.<b>Conclusions and significance</b>: This case-control study demonstrated that the presence of COM plus biofilm was associated with a given microbiota which contained more Firmicutes. Our study allows a better understanding of physiopathological mechanisms involved in chronic otitis media and paves the way for further investigations.
A Method for Pedestrian Position Estimation using Inter-Vehicle Communication (2008)

In this paper, we propose a method for detecting the positions of pedestrians by cooperation of multiple cars with directional antennas to support drivers for pedestrian safety. In the method, each pedestrian carries a device which periodically transmits a beacon with a unique ID, and each car passing near the pedestrian receives the beacon by a directional antenna and measures the distance and the angle of arrival. We assume the distribution of the measurement errors to be a normal distribution, and the system calculates the existence probabilities of each pedestrian at each point. By exchanging information of the probabilities between cars, the area with high existence probability is narrowed down. In this paper, we first describe the situations where detecting positions of pedestrians greatly contribute to pedestrian safety, and then we describe the probability model used in our method, the method for calculating existence probabilities from information from multiple cars, and the protocol for exchanging the probability information between cars. We evaluated our method on QualNet simulator, and confirmed that the positions can be detected accurately enough for practical uses.
Effects of Relaxin on Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats (2005)

We tested the effects of relaxin on [Ca2+]i response to angiotensin II in smooth muscle (vSMC) and endothelial cells isolated from hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (WKY) rats. Relaxin markedly reduced the [Ca2+]i response of vSMCs from WKY, but not from SHR rats. Western blots showed that cGMP-dependent protein kinase G was reduced in vSMCs from SHR as compared with WKY rats. Relaxin also blunted the [Ca2+]i response in endothelial cells from WKY, but not from SHR rats. However, in endothelial cells from SHR and WKY rats, protein kinase G was nearly unexpressed, thus accounting for an alternative pathway of the intracellular response to nitric oxide and relaxin. Hence, vSMCs and endothelial cells in SHR rats show a deficiency response to nitric oxide that may render them insensitive to relaxin.
A Novel Frame Design for Integrated Communication and Sensing based on Position Modulation (2021)

In this paper, a novel frame design for integrated communication and sensing is proposed. The proposed frame structure consists of Barker radar sequence and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulated data bits. The temporal position of the radar sequence is determined by a subset of incoming information bits. Therefore, in addition to target sensing; the radar sequence also carries data bits in the form of position modulation. Moreover, during the reception process channel estimation is also performed using the radar sequence thereby leveraging the function of pilots. The simulation results verify that the dynamic location of radar sequence does not effect the sensing performance; however, sensing is sensitive to the length of radar sequence. Moreover, the proposed scheme results in reduced bit error rate (BER) when compared to radar-communication frame without any position modulation.
Opioid receptors are targets for alleviation of allergen-induced diarrhea and modification of immune parameters in mice (97.3) (2010)

Abstract So far, allergen avoidance is the most efficient treatment for individuals suffering from food-allergies. Since this almost always results in impairment of quality of life, new therapeutic concepts are needed. As opioid receptor (OR) expression has been demonstrated on various immune cells and as they have been shown to influence intestinal inflammation and motility, we were interested to study if OR are also involved in allergen-induced diarrhea. Ovalbumin-sensitized (OVA) Balb/c-mice were orally challenged with OVA, resulting in transient diarrhea and changes of plasma total IgE, OVA-specific IgE and mouse-mast-cell-protease-1(MMCP-1). Animals were pre-treated with kappa- or mu-OR-agonists (U50’488, DAMGO) and/or OR-antagonist and results were compared to controls. U50’488 and DAMGO significantly delayed the onset and decreased the severity of OVA-induced diarrhea. Animals receiving U50’488 showed lower total IgE and MMCP-1 concentration compared to controls, whereas DAMGO only showed a minimal influence on MMCP-1 release. The positive effect on diarrhea severity was partially reversed by pre-treatment with OR-antagonists. To our knowledge this is the first time that ORs are implicated as targets in modulation of food allergy. The changes in immune parameters with one of the OR-agonist suggest mechanisms extending beyond local intestinal motility and secretory regulation. Targeting of kappa- and/or mu-OR might prove valuable in alleviation of food allergies in the future.
Radical Reactions of a Stable N-Heterocyclic Germylene:  EPR Study and DFT Calculation (2005)

The first radical adducts of a stable N-heterocyclic germylene were investigated. Novel radical species were produced from a variety of precursors and studied by EPR spectroscopy. DFT (B3LYP) calculations of radical adducts of different (C, Si, Ge) unsaturated N-heterocyclic divalent species with phenoxyl radical show that in the radicals studied the unpaired electron is delocalized over the five-membered ring and the spin density on the central atoms decreases in the following order: C > Si > Ge. These trends can be understood in terms of zwitterionic structure of radical adducts.
Large-scale human skin lipidomics by quantitative, high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry (2017)

The lipid composition of human skin is essential for its function; however the simultaneous quantification of a wide range of stratum corneum (SC) and sebaceous lipids is not trivial. We developed and validated a quantitative high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry-based platform for lipid analysis of tape-stripped SC skin samples. It features coverage of 16 lipid classes; total quantification to the level of individual lipid molecules; high reproducibility and high-throughput capabilities. With this method we conducted a large lipidomic survey of 268 human SC samples, where we investigated the relationship between sampling depth and lipid composition, lipidome variability in samples from 14 different sampling sites on the human body and finally, we assessed the impact of age and sex on lipidome variability in 104 healthy subjects. We found sebaceous lipids to constitute an abundant component of the SC lipidome as they diffuse into the topmost SC layers forming a gradient. Lipidomic variability with respect to sampling depth, site and subject is considerable, and mainly accredited to sebaceous lipids, while stratum corneum lipids vary less. This stresses the importance of sampling design and the role of sebaceous lipids in skin studies.
Proton-induced damage in gallium nitride-based Schottky diodes (2005)

Proton irradiation decreases the doping concentration and increases the ideality factor and series resistance, but has very little effect on the Schottky barrier height in n-Gallium nitride Schottky diodes. 1.0-MeV protons cause greater degradation than 1.8-MeV protons because of their higher nonionizing energy loss. The displacement damage recovers during annealing. Comparison between Schottky diodes and high electron-mobility transistors suggests that the degradation in both types of devices is predominantly due to carrier removal and mobility degradation caused by radiation-induced defect centers in the crystal lattice, with interface disorder playing a relatively insignificant part in overall device degradation.
Volume phase diffraction gratings in a KTP crystal (1991)

A method for the fabrication of volume phase diffraction gratings in a KTP (potassium titanyl phosphate) crystal was developed. Gratings with a period of 5 μm and a depth of 150 μm were obtained. A study was made of the characteristics of these gratings. The diffraction efficiency was found to depend on the direction of the plane of polarization of the incident beam relative to the grating lines. The Bragg diffraction of light characterized by rotation of the plane of polarization by 90° was observed.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inactivation inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production in microglia by modulating nuclear factor κB and MLK3/JNK signaling cascades (2010)

These results suggest that inactivation of GSK-3β might represent a potential strategy to downregulate microglia-mediated inflammatory processes.
Study of propagation along the body at 60 GHz with analytical models and skin-equivalent phantoms (2013)

Propagation on the surface of the human body is investigated for the first time in the mm-wave frequency range. The study, motivated by the increasing number of applications of body area networks, is performed through an accurate analytical model for the fields excited by a small source in the proximity of the human body. New asymptotic expressions are derived for the fields, uniformly valid for the range of values of the physical and geometrical parameters of interest. The theoretical analysis leads to the rigorous estimation of important parameters of the communication link. Moreover, an experimental setup is built in order to validate the approach and to obtain further physical insight into aspects not modeled by the theoretical analysis.