gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene expression abnormalities in human glial tumors identified by gene array (2001)

Novel genes specific for human oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were detected using the gene array analysis [18,376 genes Gene Discovery Array (GDA) from Incyte Genomics, Inc.]. Eleven genes were chosen based on the highest ratios of differential expression identified by GDA between histologically normal adjacent tissue and brain tumor tissue. The differential expression of those 11 genes was verified by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Northern analysis on 22 samples of glial and other tumors of the brain, as well as of normal embryonic and adult brain tissue. Gene no. 5 (an EST) was more expressed by GDA analysis in histologically normal adjacent brain tissue than in the corresponding oligodendroglioma. By RT-PCR, this gene was expressed in a number of brain tumors but not in normal adult and embryonic brain. By GDA analysis, gene no. 7 (oligophrenin-1) gave the highest ratio compared to other genes in brain tissue adjacent to the GBM vs. GBM. By RT-PCR, oligophrenin-1 was expressed in tumors and tumor-adjacent tissue, whereas meningioma and corpus callosum were negative. Gene no. 11 (an EST) was expressed only in brain tumors but not in normal brain by Northern analysis (message size 1.5 kb) and RT-PCR. GDA analysis successfully identified genes preferentially expressed in brain tumors, which was confirmed by Northern analysis and semiquantitative RT-PCR. The validity of gene arrays for tumor-specific gene discovery is discussed. Study of differential gene expression in glial tumors should help identify the mechanism/s of transformation of normal glial cells to malignant.
Properties of Radiolabeled Rabbit C1q (1973)

Abstract Rabbit C1q was purified from fresh serum through two successive euglobulin precipitation steps in low ionic strength EDTA buffers. The purified protein showed one band on acrylamide electrophoresis and had a specific hemolytic activity of 2 ng N/SFU (site-forming units). Functional integrity was also tested by agglutination of tanned red cells coated with aggregated γ-globulin. Inhibition of this agglutination reaction was observed with γ-globulin, DNA and endotoxin. Labeling with 125I was performed with chloramine-T in a 1:50 ratio followed by filtration on Sephadex G-25 to remove unreacted 125I and chloramine-T. The labeled protein (C1q*) had a specific radioactivity of 21.7 µCi/µg N, as determined by RID (radioimmunoassay). About 89% of the radioactivity was protein bound as determined by precipitation in 10% TCA. The labeled material retained only 20% of its original hemolytic activity. Incubation of C1q* with EA 1 × 109/ml in EDTA buffer, RSC 0.07 resulted in minimal binding of the label to the cells, while 25% binding was observed in the presence of 10-3 M Ca++. The binding of the labeled Clq* to EA could be increased to 75% by adding increasing amounts of cold Clq and could be inhibited by aggregated γ-globulin, Ab-Ag complexes, DNA, and endotoxin. The radioactive material could be eluted from the cells by increasing the RSC to 0.15 and could be transferred onto new EA cells by lowering the RSC to 0.07. Preliminary sucrose density gradient experiments showed that Clq* sedimented slower than 7S material, whereas cold Clq had an S rate of 12. Rabbit Clq was shown to dissociate into two subunits in 8 M urea and into three smaller subunits upon reduction and alkylation. It seems possible that subunits are present in Clq* preparations and interactions of these labeled subunits with cold Clq leads to binding to EA. This interaction may be enhanced by Ca ++ . (Supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants and Veterans Administration Research Funds.)
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient One‐Flask Synthesis of α‐Methylene Aldehydes from Primary Alcohols. (1990)

Abstract The hydroxyethyl derivatives (I) are subjected to Swern oxidation to form the aldehydes (II) which are directly treated with the iminium salt (III), yielding the α‐substituted acroleines (IV).
Organosilicon Films Formed by an RF Plasma Polymerization Process (1972)

The purpose of this research was to develop a plasma polymerization process for producing polymeric films and to achieve an understanding of the chemistry involved. A technique for the production of polymer coatings from a capacitively coupled RF plasma is presented. The resulting films contain trapped free radical sites which can react with oxygen and nitric oxide. The rate of polymer formation is a complicated function of power input, total system pressure, and partial pressure of monomer. The rates of reaction differ for different monomers under identical reaction conditions. The stoichiometry and infrared spectra of the polymers indicate that considerable fragmentation and bond reorganization of the monomeric starting material occurs during the polymerization process. A mechanism is proposed to account for conversion of monomer to polymer by formation and fragmentation of ionic species in the discharge. Neutralization of the ionic fragments at the walls yields radicals which can react with adsorbed species and be cross‐linked to form polymer.
Supplementary Figure 3 from CDK Inhibitors Upregulate BH3-Only Proteins to Sensitize Human Myeloma Cells to BH3 Mimetic Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 163K, FP/obatoclax up-regulates the BH3-only proteins Bim, Noxa, and Bik/NBK, primary events for interaction between FP and obatoclax&lt;/p&gt;
3rd Generation Formulas and Intraocular Lens Calculation with IOLMaster®. Refractive Results in 101 Eyes and Relationship with Axial Length (2016)

Introduction: Intraocular lens calculation has become one of the main aspects of cataract surgery. An accurate lens calculation is an important factor for patient satisfaction and quality of life. The purpose of our study is to evaluate which formula (SRK II, HofferQ, Holladay 1 and SRK-T) was nearer to the final refraction after cataract surgery, using the IOLMaster®. Material and Methods: 101 eyes of 78 cataract patients were evaluated. The expected refraction with the intraocular lens used in each patient was calculated with the different formulas and compared to the patient refraction one month after surgery. We obtained data retrospectively from 23 eyes with axial length inferior to 22 mm, 62 eyes with axial length between 22 and 26 mm and 16 eyes with axial length superior to 26 mm. Results: The mean refraction after cataract surgery for all patients was -0.277 diopters (D) ± 0.94. Hoffer Q performed better for eyes with axial length inferior to 22 mm with a mean absolut error (difference between lens calculation and final refraction) of 0.4957 D ± 0.396. For eyes with axial length between 22 and 26 mm SRK-T performed better with a mean absolut error of 0.4515 D ± 0.323 and for eyes with axial length superior to 26 mm SRK-T performed better with a mean absolut error of 0.5538 D ± 0.333. We did not find statistical difference in the comparison between 3º generation formulas, we found statistical significance comparing HofferQ and SRKII in the “inferior to 22 mm” group and SRK-T and SRKII in “between 22 and 26 mm” group. Conclusions: All third generation formulas can be used to calculate intraocular lens, we recommend using HofferQ in axial length inferior to 22 mm and using SRK-T in axial length superior to 22 mm.
HLA haplotype study of 53 juvenile insulin‐dependent diabetic (I.D.D.) families (1982)

R4 heterozygotes was observed. By contrast, the observed frequency of patients homozygous for DR3 or DR4 was not increased, but even slightly decreased. The data support a model of inheritance comprising at least two closely linked specifically "diabetic" loci (most of the time marked by B18, BfF1, DR3 and B15, BfS, DR4) and a non-specifically "diabetic" haplotype favouring auto-immunisation (most of the time marked by B8, BfS, DR3). This model is discussed in the light of the presented data and of those of the literature.
Effects of taekwondo on health in older people: a systematic review (2022)

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects of taekwondo on health in elderly individuals. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA recommendations and registered on PROSPERO, as number CRD42021279561. The electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched, with the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms “martial arts” and “aged” and the alternative terms “taekwondo”, “elderly”, and “older”. We included studies that analysed the effects of taekwondo on health-related variables in older adults of both sexes. The risk of bias of the included experimental and quasi-experimental studies were analysed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, respectively. Results: Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. The interventions of the included studies ranged from 6 to 17 weeks, with 45 to 90 minutes per training session, and frequency from 3 to 5 times a week. The total sample number was 160 participants, with a predominance of females in the samples. After the taekwondo intervention, the protocols demonstrated improvement in muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and body composition. Conclusion: The investigated studies showed that taekwondo can effectively maintain health and develop physical qualities in the older population. Nevertheless, these findings should be considered preliminary due to the relatively small sample and heterogeneity of the interventions of the identified studies.
Rapid computation of effective conductivity of 2D composites by equivalent circuit and spectral methods (2021)

&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;This work presents models for homogenizing or finding the effective transport or mechanical properties of microscale composites formed from highly contrasting phases described on a grid. The methods developed here are intended for engineering applications where speed and geometrical flexibility are a premium. A canonical case that is mathematically challenging and yet can be applied to many realistic materials is a 4-phase 2-dimensional periodic checkerboard or tiling. While analytic solutions for calculating effective properties exist for some cases, versatile methods are needed to handle anisotropic and non-square grids. A reinterpretation and extension of an existing analytic solution that utilizes equivalent circuits is developed. The resulting closed-form expressions for effective conductivity are shown to be accurate within a few percent or better for multiple cases of interest. Secondly a versatile and efficient spectral method is presented as a solution to the 4-phase primitive cell with a variety of external boundaries. The spectral method expresses the solution to effective conductivity in terms of analytically derived eigenfunctions and numerically determined spectral coefficients. The method is validated by comparing to known solutions and can allow extensions to cases with no current analytic solution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/abstract&gt;
From Transformation-Based Dimensionality Reduction to Feature Selection (2010)

Many learning applications are characterized by high dimensions. Usually not all of these dimensions are relevant and some are redundant. There are two main approaches to reduce dimensionality: feature selection and feature transformation. When one wishes to keep the original meaning of the features, feature selection is desired. Feature selection and transformation are typically presented separately. In this paper, we introduce a general approach for converting transformation-based methods to feature selection methods through l1/l∞ regularization. Instead of solving feature selection as a discrete optimization, we relax and formulate the problem as a continuous optimization problem. An additional advantage of our formulation is that our optimization criterion optimizes for feature relevance and redundancy removal automatically. Here, we illustrate how our approach can be utilized to convert linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and the dimensionality reduction version of the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) to two new feature selection algorithms. Experiments show that our new feature selection methods out-perform related state-of-the-art feature selection approaches.
16.3: Polymer Network LCD Driven by Printed OTFTs on a Plastic Substrate (2009)

Abstract We have prepared organic thin‐film‐transistor array with large area and high precision, 6 inch diameter and 200 ppi, by using microcontact printing method. And we have succeeded in driving a polymer network liquid crystal display (PNLCD).
Microstructural characterization of non-carious cervical lesions by en face optical coherence tomography (2010)

Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) are defned as the loss of tooth substance at the cemento-enamel junction. They are attributed to abrasion, erosion and/or eccentric occlusal overload. In order to evaluate the importance of occlusal factors in the etiology of NCCL, we investigated extracted frontal teeth by en face optical coherence tomography (eFOCT). Materials and methods. 35 frontal teeth, derived from patients with active bruxism and eccentric occlusal interferences, presented early NCCL on the labial surfaces. The other 5 frontal teeth had a normal crown morphology and were not exposed to occlusal overload before extraction. The dental samples were investigated using eFOCT operated in B-scan and C-scan mode. The eFOCT employs a low coherence source at 1300 nm. Results. Frontal teeth with normal crown morphology had a homogeneous microstructure of the cervical hard tissues on eFOCT images. The eFOCT investigation revealed a characteristic pattern of cracks in the area of NCCL of occlusal overloaded frontal teeth. Conclusions. eFOCT is an imaging technique that effectively identifes the microstructural effects of occlusal overload on the cervical hard tissues of frontal teeth.
Effect of Acetaldehyde on Growth, Substrates, and Products by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp cremoris (1990)

Abstract Addition of 5.6 mmol/L of acetaldehyde to glucose broth led to an increase in the specific growth rate, a decrease in the specific glucose consumption rate, and an increase in the specific lactate production rate of Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp cremoris. The amount of acetate produced was enhanced. For cells growing in broth containing glucose plus citrate, addition of acetaldehyde did not stimulate growth and did not significantly change the maxima of specific consumption rate of citrate and glucose; however, a change in kinetics was observed: the maxima appeared earlier in the presence of acetaldehyde than in its absence. In the absence of acetaldehyde, the specific citrate utilization rate was higher than the specific glucose consumption rate.
Network Slicing Use Cases: Network Customization for Different Services (2017)

Network Slicing (NS) is widely discussed and considered in 5G
communities and standard organizations as a key mechanism to meet
diverse service requirements concurrently with the same physical
network infrastructure. NS enables the operator to provide isolated
platform for service verticals, and deploy new services without
causing or experiencing any disruption to other already deployed
services in the same physical network infrastructure. This document
describes the typical use cases that could benefit from network
slicing, to support each case, the corresponding requirements on 5G
transport network will be analyzed.
Thrombotic Potential of a Prosthetic Vein Valve (2007)

Over seven million Americans suffer from chronic venous insufficiency, secondary to valvular dysfunction, with few effective clinical therapies. Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is a painful and debilitating disease that affects the superficial and deep veins of the legs. After deep venous thrombosis, the vein valves leaflets become adherent, fold over, or are absorbed into the vein wall. Incompetent valves allow reflux and subsequent pooling of blood in the legs. The resultant CVI causes severe leg edema, skin breakdown, and possible gangrene. Current clinical therapies are only modestly effective and include vein stripping and ligation, valvuloplasty, vein valve transposition, and vein valve transplantation. Valvuloplasty is the most definitive of CVI treatment, though this surgical treatment is rarely performed due to its difficulty. The quest for a better solution continues.
A molecular defect of spectrin in a subset of patients with hereditary elliptocytosis. Alterations in the alpha-subunit domain involved in spectrin self-association. (1984)

Hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) is a clinically and biochemically heterogenous group of diseases characterized by elliptically shaped erythrocytes and an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Whereas the self-association of spectrin heterodimers to tetramers is defective in a subpopulation of HE patients, designated HE[SpD-SpD], it is normal in others. We have examined the peptide pattern produced by limited tryptic digestion of spectrin extracts from patients with HE[SpD-SpD] to determine if the functional defects in spectrin self-association could be correlated with structural changes in the spectrin molecule. Although the peptide pattern produced by limited tryptic digestion of spectrin extracts from those HE patients with normal spectrin self-association was indistinguishable from the pattern from control normal volunteers, digestion of the spectrin extracts from the HE[SpD-SpD] patients showed a reproducible diminution in the 80,000-D domain of the alpha-subunit, which is involved in spectrin dimer self-association. The decrease in the 80,000-D fragment was associated with an increase in a 74,000-D fragment in eight of nine families, or, in one family, with an increase of fragments at 46,000 and 17,000 D. These atypical peptide patterns were similar to those previously reported in two variants of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP), which also had defective self-association of spectrin. These data indicate that two distinct structural variants of spectrin alpha-subunit are associated with the defective spectrin heterodimer self-association in a subpopulation of HE patients.
High non-relapse mortality and low relapse incidence in gender-mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a parous female donor with a male child (2016)

To clarify the influence of exposure to a male fetus during a female donor's (FD) pregnancy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), we retrospectively examined 292 HSCT patients. The 5-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) was 33.5% among 31 male recipients who had HSCT from FD with a male child (MC), 23.0% among 40 male recipients who had HSCT from FD without MC and 19.6% among 221 other recipients. The 5-year relapse incidence (RI) was 22.6%, 42.0%, and 43.1% for the respective group. In multivariate analysis, male recipients who had HSCT from FD with MC had an increased risk of NRM (hazard ratio [HR] 1.92, 95% CI 1.08-3.42, p = .03), a reduced risk of RI (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.96, p = .04), resulting in no significant difference regarding overall survival. Male child of FD is suggested to influence NRM and RI in gender-mismatched HSCT.
Use of Multipath with MPLS-TP and MPLS (2012)

Many MPLS implementations have supported multipath techniques and many
MPLS deployments have used multipath techniques, particularly in very
high bandwidth applications, such as provider IP/MPLS core networks.
MPLS-TP has strongly discouraged the use of multipath techniques. Some
degradation of MPLS-TP OAM performance cannot be avoided when
operating over many types of multipath implementations. Using MPLS
Entropy label, MPLS can LSP can be carried over multipath links while
also providing a fully MPLS-TP compliant server layer for MPLS-TP LSP.
This document describes the means of supporting MPLS as a server layer
for MPLS-TP. The use of MPLS-TP LSP as a server layer for MPLS LSP is
also discussed.
Plasma Surface Treatment of Aerospace Materials for Enhanced Adhesive Bonding (2001)

Abstract The increased use of polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) and polyetheretherketone based composites for aircraft structures has highlighted the need for reliable methods of bonding these materials to metallic components such as titanium. Both composite and titanium adhesive bonds exhibit poor long-term durability when exposed to hot/wet conditions, aerospace fluids and solvents. As a result, surface treatments are employed to enhance surface energy, surface roughness and alter surface chemistry to provide better long-term durability. In this initial study the adhesive bonding of glass fibre reinforced GFR-PPS and commercially pure titanium was investigated. Prior to bonding, both materials were plasma treated using argon and oxygen gases in a RF discharge. Surface characterisation was carried out to optimise these treatments. Surface energy and wettability were examined using contact angle analysis, surface roughness was examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, while X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to study the surface chemistry. Bond strengths were determined using lap shear tests. Initial results reveal that these optimum plasma treatments produce a significant increase in bond strength.
Genetic Stratification of Age‐Dependent Parkinson's Disease Risk by Polygenic Hazard Score (2021)

We demonstrate the feasibility of a polygenic hazard approach in PD, integrating the genetic effects on disease risk and age at onset in a single model. In combination with other predictive biomarkers, the approach may hold promise for risk stratification in future clinical trials of disease-modifying therapies, which aim at postponing the onset of PD. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Relative Rates of Hydrosilylation of Representative Alkenes and Alkynes by Cp*2YMe·THF and [CpTMS2YMe]2 (1998)

Reactivity in the hydrosilylation of alkenes and alkynes catalyzed by the organoyttrium catalysts Cp(2)YMe.THF and [Cp(TMS)(2)YMe](2) is generally determined by the steric environment of the substrate. Alkynes and conjugated alkenes show an increased reaction rate because of electronic effects; the magnitude of this increase is highly substrate dependent. The electron rich pyrrole system is particularly reactive, especially with the sterically open [Cp(TMS)(2)YMe](2) precatalyst. For nonconjugated substrates, Cp(2)YMe.THF is generally a more selective catalyst than [Cp(TMS)(2)YMe](2).