gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The development and validation of the Concise Outpatient Department User Satisfaction Scale (2006)

The psychometric properties of the resulting 9-item scale supported its usefulness in measuring outpatient satisfaction. Further validation studies in various specialties and countries are suggested to make future cross-cultural comparisons possible.
Phase Coherent Photorefractivity in ZnSe Single Quantum Wells (2005)

We observe an efficient phase coherent photorefractive effect in ZnSe single quantum wells for ultrashort light pulses resonant to the excitonic transition. The effect is attributed to the formation of an electron grating in the quantum well induced by the interference of coherent excitons that preserve phase and polarization of the incident light fields. All characteristic features of the diffracted signal are explained and reproduced by numerical calculations that are based on the optical Bloch equations for a three-level system.
High Speed Temperature Insensitive Optical Data Transmission with Compact 850nm TO-can assemblies (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. P. Turkiewicz, J. Kropp, N. N. Ledentsov, V. A. Shchukin, and G. Schäfer, "High Speed Temperature Insensitive Optical Data Transmission with Compact 850nm TO-can assemblies," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper Th3C.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to isolates of the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) (2016)

This study examined the susceptibility of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to viral strains from the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) present in western North America. The goal of this investigation was to establish a baseline understanding of the susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to infection and mortality caused by exposure to commonly detected strains of L, U, and M IHNV. The L IHNV strain tested here was highly infectious and virulent in both Chinook salmon populations, following patterns previously reported for Chinook salmon. Furthermore, ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon fry at 1 g can also become subclinically infected with U and M strains of IHNV without experiencing significant mortality. The stream-type life history phenotype was generally more susceptible to infection and suffered greater mortality than the ocean-type phenotype. Between the U and M genogroup strains tested, the U group strains were generally more infectious than the M group strains in both Chinook salmon types. Substantial viral clearance occurred by 30 d post exposure, but persistent viral infection was observed with L, U, and M strains in both host populations. While mortality decreased with increased host size in stream-type Chinook salmon, infection prevalence was not lower for all strains at a greater size. These results suggest that Chinook salmon may serve as reservoirs and/or vectors of U and M genogroup IHNV.
Highly stretchable, tough, healable and mechanoresponsive polyurethane elastomers for flexible capacitor applications (2022)

Mechanochromic, tough and healable polyurethane films are synthesized and their properties are thoroughly characterized. The optimum films are utilized to explore the potential applications of shape memory and flexible capacitor devices.
Anti‐JC virus (JCV) antibody prevalence in the JCV Epidemiology in MS (JEMS) trial (2013)

Overall seroprevalence of anti-JCV antibodies in MS patients from Europe, Canada and Australia was consistent with previous studies using the STRATIFY JCV assay. Anti-JCV prevalence differed significantly by age, gender and country, but no geographical pattern was evident. Disease and treatment type were not associated with differences in anti-JCV antibody status.
Range-Doppler imaging via sparse representation (2011)

We pose the range-Doppler imaging problem as a two-dimensional sparse signal recovery problem with an over complete basis. The resulting optimization problem can be solved using both ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm minimization algorithms. Algorithm performance and estimation quality are illustrated using artificial data set, where targets are close to each other and target SNR is low. We show that accurate target location is achieved with high resolution. In particular, compared to other state-of-art algorithms, the proposed approach is shown to achieve more robustness in noisy environment with limited data.
Single‐Source Sol‐Gel Synthesis of Nanocrystalline ZnAl 2 O 4 : Structural and Optical Properties (2001)

Nanometer‐sized zinc aluminate (ZnAl 2 O 4 ) particles were synthesized from heterometal alkoxides, [ZnAl 2 (OR) 8 ], possessing an ideal cation stoichiometry for the ZnAl 2 O 4 spinel. ZnAl 2 O 4 is formed at 400°C, which is the lowest temperature reported for the formation of monophasic ZnAl 2 O 4 . 27 Al magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that ZnAl 2 O 4 possesses an inverse structure at &lt;900°C, while the normal spinel phase is observed at higher temperatures. The homogeneity of the in‐depth composition and Zn:Al stoichiometry (1:2) was confirmed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. Evaluation of the valence‐band spectra of ZnAl 2 O 4 and ZnS suggested that the hybridization of O 2 p and Zn 3 d orbitals is responsible for lowering the bandgap in the latter. The average crystallite size showed an exponential relationship to the calcination temperature (X‐ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy data). The optical spectra of different spinel powders (average particle sizes, 20–250 nm) showed that the absorption edge exhibits a blue shift as particle size decreases.
Initial crystallization processes of Zr-Cu-Rh metallic glasses (2001)

Zr70Cu30 and Zr70Cu20Rh10 glassy alloys were prepared by a single-roller melt-spinning method and their crystallization processes were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. For the Zr70Cu30 alloy, the glassy state crystallizes through a single exothermic reaction due to the precipitation of the stable Zr2Cu crystalline phase. For the Zr70Cu20Rh10 alloy, metastable icosahedral quasicrystalline and FCC-Zr2Rh phases precipitate from the glassy matrix in the initial crystallization process, followed by the phase transformation to Zr2Cu and ZrRh crystalline phases upon further annealing. These results illustrate that the partial substitution of Cu by Rh in the Zr70Cu30 glassy alloy is effective in promoting the precipitation of the metastable icosahedral quasicrystalline phase. To explain these experimental results, the existence of icosahedron-like atomic clusters in the Zr70Cu20Rh10 glassy alloy is suggested.
Influence of Vine Vigor on Grape (Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Pinot Noir) Anthocyanins. 2. Anthocyanins and Pigmented Polymers in Wine (2007)

The relationships between grapevine (Vitis vinifera) vigor variation and resulting wine anthocyanin concentration and composition and pigmented polymer formation were investigated. The study was conducted in a commercial vineyard consisting of the same clone, rootstock, age, and vineyard management practices. Vine vigor parameters were used to designate vigor zones within two vineyard sites (A and B) to produce research wines (2003 and 2004) and conduct a model extraction experiment (2004 only) to investigate the vine-fruit-wine continuum. Wines and model extracts were analyzed by HPLC and UV-vis spectrophotometry. For the model extractions, there were no differences between sites for pomace weight, whereas juice volume was higher for site A. This was not related to a larger berry size. Site A had a higher anthocyanin concentration (milligrams per liter) in the model extracts than site B specifically for the medium- and low-vigor zones. For anthocyanin composition in the model extraction, site B had a greater proportion of malvidin-3-O-glucoside and less of the remaining anthocyanin glucosides (delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin) compared to site A. In the wines, there was a vintage effect, with the 2003 wines having a higher anthocyanin concentration (milligrams per liter) than the 2004 wines. This appears to have been primarily due to a greater accumulation of anthocyanins in the fruit. In general, the medium-vigor zone wines had higher anthocyanin concentrations than either the high- or low-vigor zone wines. There was also vintage variation related to anthocyanin composition, with the 2003 wines having a higher proportion of delphinidin and petunidin glucosides and lower malvidin-3-O-glucoside compared to 2004. In both years, there were higher proportions of delphinidin and petunidin glucosides in wines made from low-vigor-zone fruit. Wines made from low-vigor zones showed a greater propensity to form vitisin A as well as pigmented polymers. Low-vigor-zone wines had a approximately 2-fold increase in pigmented polymer concentration (milligrams per liter) over high-vigor-zones wines. There was a strong positive relationship between pigmented polymer concentration, bisulfite bleaching resistant pigments, proanthocyanidin concentration, and color density in wines. Overall, differences found in the wines magnified variation in the fruit.
Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Deficiency in Bone Marrow–Derived Cells Augments Rupture of Angiotensin II–Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (2011)

The uPA-uPAR axis has no effect on the formation of Ang II-induced AAAs, but uPA deficiency promotes aneurysmal rupture.
Liquid-liquid membrane electrodes based on ion-association extraction systems (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-liquid membrane electrodes based on ion-association extraction systemsCornelis J. Coetzee and Henry. FreiserCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 8, 1128–1130Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60277a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60277a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Notch1 inhibition targets the leukemia-initiating cells in a Tal1/Lmo2 mouse model of T-ALL (2011)

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy largely caused by aberrant activation of the TAL1/SCL, LMO1/2, and NOTCH1 oncogenes. Approximately 30% of T-ALL patients relapse, and evidence is emerging that relapse may result from a failure to eliminate leukemia-initiating cells (LICs). Thymic expression of the Tal1 and Lmo2 oncogenes in mice results in rapid development of T-ALL; and similar to T-ALL patients, more than half the leukemic mice develop spontaneous mutations in Notch1. Using this mouse model, we demonstrate that mouse T-ALLs are immunophenotypically and functionally heterogeneous with approximately 1 of 10,000 leukemic cells capable of initiating disease on transplantation. Our preleukemic studies reveal expansion of Notch-active double-negative thymic progenitors, and we find the leukemic DN3 population enriched in disease potential. To examine the role of Notch1 in LIC function, we measured LIC activity in leukemic mice treated with vehicle or with a γ-secretase inhibitor. In 4 of 5 leukemias examined, Notch inhibition significantly reduced or eliminated LICs and extended survival. Remarkably, in 2 mice, γ-secretase inhibitor treatment reduced LIC frequency below the limits of detection of this assay, and all transplanted mice failed to develop disease. These data support the continued development of Notch1 therapeutics as antileukemia agents.
Involvement of kallikrein‐PAR2‐proinflammatory pathway in severe trastuzumab‐induced cardiotoxicity (2022)

Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity interferes with continued treatment in approximately 10% of patients with ErbB2-positive breast cancer, but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we recruited trastuzumab-treated patients with ≥30% reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (SP) and noncardiotoxic patients (NP). From each of these patients, we established three cases of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (pt-iPSC-CMs). Reduced contraction and relaxation velocities following trastuzumab treatment were more evident in SP pt-iPSC-CMs than NP pt-iPSC-CMs, indicating the cardiotoxicity phenotype could be replicated. Differences in ATP production, reactive oxygen species, and autophagy activity were observed between the two groups. Analysis of transcripts revealed enhanced kallikrein5 expression and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as interleukin-1β, in SP pt-iPSC-CMs after trastuzumab treatment. The kallilkrein5-protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2)-MAPK signaling pathway was more activated in SP pt-iPSC-CMs, and treatment with a PAR2-antagonist suppressed interleukin-1β expression. Our data indicate enhanced pro-inflammatory responses through kallikrein5-PAR2 signaling and vulnerability to external stresses appear to be the cause of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in SP.
Mechanisms of transfer of hydrophobic coated mineral matter particles from a hydrocarbon to an aqueous phase (1977)

Removal of mineral matter particles from coal-derived liquids is one application of solid/liquid separations in which particles are dominated by a surface layer which is not wet by water. Investigation of such separations for five hypotheses (mechanistic models) finds that experimental data on the influence of surfactant concentration, contact time, water-oil ratio, and shear are consistent with only one of the models, the case of partial replacement of the surface layer by the detergent to make the particle hydrophilic instead of hydrophobic. If some of the minerals present, such as pyrites, are inherently hydrophobic, partial detergency might give the same effect of making the particle hydrophilic. The experimental work used mineral matter from Synthoil which was washed with benzene to remove the oil but leave the hydrophobic coating on the particles. Xylene was chosen as the hydrocarbon phase and a proprietary nonionic ethoxylate as the surface active agent. The procedure is described and the results are compared with the models.
Comparison of murine steatohepatitis models identifies a dietary intervention with robust fibrosis, ductular reaction, and rapid progression to cirrhosis and cancer (2019)

Progressive fibrosis, functional liver failure, and cancer are the central liver-related outcomes of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) but notoriously difficult to achieve in mouse models. We performed a direct, quantitative comparison of hepatic fibrosis progression in well-defined methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) and choline-deficient, amino-acid defined (CDAA) diets with increasing fat content (10-60% by calories) in C57Bl/6J and BALB/cAnNCrl mice. In C57Bl/6J mice, MCD feeding resulted in moderate fibrosis at <i>week 8</i> (up to twofold increase in total hepatic collagen content) and progressive weight loss irrespective of dietary fat. In contrast, CDAA-fed mice did not lose weight and developed progressive fibrosis starting from <i>week 4</i>. High dietary fat in the CDAA diet model induced the lipid metabolism genes for sterol regulatory element-binding protein and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-2 and increased ductular reaction and fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner. Longitudinal analysis of CDAA with 60% fat (HF-CDAA) feeding revealed pronounced ductular reaction and perisinusoidal bridging fibrosis, with a sevenfold increase of hepatic collagen at <i>week 12</i>, which showed limited spontaneous reversibility. At 24 wk, HF-CDAA mice developed signs of cirrhosis with pan-lobular "chicken wire" fibrosis, 10-fold hydroxyproline increase, regenerative nodules, portal hypertension and elevated serum bilirubin and ammonia levels; 80% of mice (8/10) developed multiple glypican-3- and/or glutamine synthetase-positive hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). High-fat (60%) supplementation of MCD in C57Bl/6J or feeding the HF-CDAA diet fibrosis-prone BALB/cAnNCrl strain failed to result in increased fibrosis. In conclusion, HF-CDAA feeding in C57Bl/6J mice was identified as an optimal model of steatohepatitis with robust fibrosis and ductular proliferations that progress to cirrhosis and HCC within 24 wk. This robust model will aid the testing of interventions and drugs for severe NASH.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Via quantitative comparison of several dietary models, we report HF-CDAA feeding in C57Bl/6 mice as an excellent model recapitulating several key aspects of fibrotic NASH: <i>1</i>) robust, poorly reversible liver fibrosis, <i>2</i>) prominent ductular reaction, and <i>3</i>) progression to cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and liver cancer within 24 wk. High fat dose-dependently activates SREBP2/SCD2 genes and drives liver fibrosis in e HF-CDAA model. These features qualify the model as a robust and practical tool to study mechanisms and novel treatments addressing severe human NASH.
PAH formation in carbon-rich circumstellar envelopes (1989)

While there is growing observational evidence that some fraction of interstellar carbon is in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's), the mechanisms by which these molecules might be formed have not been extensively studied. A detailed investigation of PAH production in the outflowing molecular envelopes of carbon-rich red giant star is presented. The gasphase kinetics of a chemical reaction mechanism developed to study soot production in hydrocarbon flames is modified to apply in circumstellar environments. It was found that astrophysically significant quantities of PAH's can be formed in carbon star envelopes provided the gas is sufficiently dense and resides for a long time in the temperature range of 900 to 1100 k. The precise yield of PAH's is very sensitive to astronomical parameters of the envelope (e.g., mass loss rate, outflow velocity, and acetylene abundance) and certain poorly determined chemical reaction rates.
Flavonoids as Prospective Neuroprotectants and Their Therapeutic Propensity in Aging Associated Neurological Disorders (2019)

Modern research has revealed that dietary consumption of flavonoids and flavonoids-rich foods significantly improve cognitive capabilities, inhibit or delay the senescence process and related neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The flavonoids rich foods such as green tea, cocoa, blue berry and other foods improve the various states of cognitive dysfunction, AD and dementia-like pathological alterations in different animal models. The mechanisms of flavonoids have been shown to be mediated through the inhibition of cholinesterases including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), β-secretase (BACE1), free radicals and modulation of signaling pathways, that are implicated in cognitive and neuroprotective functions. Flavonoids interact with various signaling protein pathways like ERK and PI3-kinase/Akt and modulate their actions, thereby leading to beneficial neuroprotective effects. Moreover, they enhance vascular blood flow and instigate neurogenesis particularly in the hippocampus. Flavonoids also hamper the progression of pathological symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis induced by neurotoxic substances including free radicals and β-amyloid proteins (Aβ). All these protective mechanisms contribute to the maintenance of number, quality of neurons and their synaptic connectivity in the brain. Thus flavonoids can thwart the progression of age-related disorders and can be a potential source for the design and development of new drugs effective in cognitive disorders.
Spirocyclopropanated Bicyclopropylidenes: Straightforward Preparation, Physical Properties, and Chemical Transformations (2001)

Perspirocyclopropanated bicyclopropylidene (6) was prepared in three steps from 7-cyclopropylidenedispiro[2.0.2.1]heptane (4) (24% overall) or, more efficiently, through dehalogenative coupling of 7,7-dibromo[3]triangulane (15) (82%). This type of reductive dimerization turned out to be successful for the synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-bis(spiropentylidene) 14 (67%) and even of the "third-generation" spirocyclopropanated bicyclopropylidene 17 (17% overall from 15). Whereas the parent bicyclopropylidene 1 dimerized at 180 degrees C to yield [4]rotane, dimerization of 6 at 130 degrees C under 10 kbar pressure occured only with opening of one three-membered ring to yield the polyspirocyclopropanated (cyclopropylidene)cyclopentane derivative 19 (34% yield), and at the elevated temperature the polyspirocyclopropanated 2-cyclopropylidene[3.2.2]propellane derivative 20 (25 % yield). Perspirocyclopropanated bicyclopropylidene 6 and the "third-generation" bicyclopropylidene 17 gave addition of bromine, hydrogen bromide, and various dihalocarbenes without rearrangement. The functionally substituted branched [7]triangulane 28 and branched dichloro-C2v-[15]triangulane 32 were used to prepare the perspirocyclopropanated [3]rotane (D3h-[10]triangulane) 49 (six steps from 6, 1.4% overall yield) and the C2v-[15]triangulane 51 (two steps from 17, 41% overall). Upon catalytic hydrogenation, the perspirocyclopropanated bicyclopropylidene 6 yielded 7,7'-bis(dispiro[2.0.2.]-heptyl) (52) and, under more forcing conditions, 1,1'-bis(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl) (53). The bromofluorocarbene adduct 33 of 17 reacted with butyllithium to give the unexpected polyspirocyclopropanated 1,4-di-n-butyl-2-cyclopropylidenebicyclo[2.2.0]hexane derivative 37 as the main product (55% yield) along with the expected "third-generation" perspirocyclopropanated dicyclopropylidenemethane 38 (21% yield). Mechanistic aspects of this and the other unusual reactions are discussed. The structures of all new unusual hydrocarbons were proven by X-ray crystal structure analyses, and the most interesting structural and crystal packing features are presented.
Novel colossal magnetoresistive thin film nonvolatile resistance random access memory (RRAM) (2003)

A novel nonvolatile memory Colossal Magnetoresistive (CMR) thin film resistor for Resistance RAM (RRAM) application has been characterized. A 1RIT RRAM test circuit based on 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS has been fabricated. RRAM is a low power high-speed memory technology. The memory cell programming pulse is less than 5 V and pulse width as narrow as 10 ns. The high/low resistance ratio may be larger than 1,000. The results of a test array indicated that RRAM could be programmed by bit or by word.