gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship Among Histologic, Radiologic, and Biochemical Assessments of Hepatic Steatosis (2007)

Hepatic steatosis quantified by histologic grading or by MRS is significantly reflective of hepatic TG content. Further research is needed to investigate the relationship we observed between n-6/n-3 ratio and the severity of steatosis.
Ultrasound b-scans image denoising via expectation maximization-based unsharp masking (2013)

We present an unsharp maskingbased approach with subsequent bilateral filtering stage to noise smoothing of ultrasound (US) image. At our first processing stage, we propose image segmentation via EM to segregate two pixels populations instead of separating original image into the low- and high-frequency components. Our proposed method then enhances the edge by shifting the mean of the two pixels populations away from each other. This is similar to the conventional unsharp masking structure, except that the concept is reformulated and worked in probabilistic setting. At our second stage, we use bilateral filtering to attenuate the retained noise in the flat areas. Performance of synthetic and real clinical B-scan US images based on several dominant image quality measures, e.g., signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR), is evaluated. The performance is improved over the conventional US image de-speckling methods. The CNR-SNR performance tradeoff is also addressed here for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Observations Made in Exploring a Pyridinium Salt Photochemical Approach to the Synthesis of (+)‐Lactacystin. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Breakthroughs in Photonics 2013: Fourier Ptychographic Imaging (2014)

Fourier ptychography (FP) is a recently developed computational framework for high-resolution high-throughput imaging. In this paper, we will review the latest development of the Fourier ptychographic imaging scheme. We will demonstrate its applications in wide-field imaging, quantitative phase imaging, and adaptive imaging. We will also discuss its potential applications in X-ray optics and transmission electron microscopy.
Real-Time insight into in vivo redox status utilizing hyperpolarized [1-13C] N-acetyl cysteine (2021)

Drastic sensitivity enhancement of dynamic nuclear polarization is becoming an increasingly critical methodology to monitor real-time metabolic and physiological information in chemistry, biochemistry, and biomedicine. However, the limited number of available hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C probes, which can effectively interrogate crucial metabolic activities, remains one of the major bottlenecks in this growing field. Here, we demonstrate [1-<sup>13</sup>C] N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) as a novel probe for hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C MRI to monitor glutathione redox chemistry, which plays a central part of metabolic chemistry and strongly influences various therapies. NAC forms a disulfide bond in the presence of reduced glutathione, which generates a spectroscopically detectable product that is separated from the main peak by a 1.5 ppm shift. In vivo hyperpolarized MRI in mice revealed that NAC was broadly distributed throughout the body including the brain. Its biochemical transformation in two human pancreatic tumor cells in vitro and as xenografts differed depending on the individual cellular biochemical profile and microenvironment in vivo. Hyperpolarized NAC can be a promising non-invasive biomarker to monitor in vivo redox status and can be potentially translatable to clinical diagnosis.
El diseño de diagramas de microcápsulas para estudiantes deficientes visuales en cursos de enseñanza a distancia (1997)

Se estudian los principios basicos que deben aplicarse al diseno de una serie de tipos comunes de diagramas de microcapsulas para que sean inteligibles para los estudiantes ciegos. Este material didactico es importantisimo para los estudiantes ciegos, en especial para los estudiantes en cursos a distancia.
Wood CO2 efflux and foliar respiration for Eucalyptus in Hawaii and Brazil (2009)

We measured CO(2) efflux from wood for Eucalyptus in Hawaii for 7 years and compared these measurements with those on three- and four-and-a-half-year-old Eucalyptus in Brazil. In Hawaii, CO(2) efflux from wood per unit biomass declined approximately 10x from age two to age five, twice as much as the decline in tree growth. The CO(2) efflux from wood in Brazil was 8-10x lower than that for comparable Hawaii trees with similar growth rates. Growth and maintenance respiration coefficients calculated from Hawaii wood CO(2) efflux declined with tree age and size (the growth coefficient declined from 0.4 mol C efflux mol C(-1) wood growth at age one to 0.1 mol C efflux mol C(-1) wood growth at age six; the maintenance coefficient from 0.006 to 0.001 micromol C (mol C biomass)(-1) s(-1) at 20 degrees C over the same time period). These results suggest interference with CO(2) efflux through bark that decouples CO(2) efflux from respiration. We also compared the biomass fractions and wood CO(2) efflux for the aboveground woody parts for 3- and 7-year-old trees in Hawaii to estimate how focusing measurements near the ground might bias the stand-level estimates of wood CO(2) efflux. Three-year-old Eucalyptus in Hawaii had a higher proportion of branches < 0.5 cm in diameter and a lower proportion of stem biomass than did 7-year-old trees. Biomass-specific CO(2) efflux measured at 1.4 m extrapolated to the tree could bias tree level estimates by approximately 50%, assuming no refixation from bark photosynthesis. However, the bias did not differ for the two tree sizes. Foliar respiration was identical per unit nitrogen for comparable treatments in Brazil and Hawaii (4.2 micromol C mol N(-1) s(-1) at 20 degrees C).
Abstract 1420: Mechanisms of stroma-derived CCL7 in promoting lung cancer. (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent form. Considerable attention has been directed to cancer cell intrinsic abnormalities (K-ras, p53, EGFR, AML-ALK4 fusions etc.), but little is known about the contribution of stromal cells to NSCLC progression. We have undertaken a comprehensive analysis to determine the contribution and biological function of the stromal cells in NSCLC. We show increased recruitment of BM hematopoietic cells in the tumor beds compared to matched adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissue in NSCLC patients. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis on specific cell populations from fresh samples of NSCLC patients identified differentially regulated genes and mRNA isoforms in NSCLC stromal cells. Genes that were successfully validated by independent RT-PCR on sorted stromal cells and tumor cells were used for further analysis. Many genes encoded secreted proteins, suggesting the activation of aberrant autocrine and paracrine regulatory loops likely to support stroma-mediated tumor progression. Among these genes, CCL7 was upregulated in myeloid progenitor cells and was selected for further investigation. Immunostaining of lung tumor and adjacent non-neoplastic tissue of patients shows highest expression of CCL7 in BM-derived cells (CD45+ cells) in the tumor. Cross species analysis showed that, consistent with the observation in human tissue, CCL7 was differentially regulated in BM derived cells in a mouse model of NSCLC generated in KrasG12D and p53-/- transgenic mice. We have genetically ablated CCL7 in the BM cells using lentiviral shRNA and BMT approaches and will discuss consequences of this ablation in CCL7-mediated crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells that regulate NSCLC progression. Citation Format: Hyejin Choi, Anna Durrans, Dingcheng Gao, Seongho Ryu, Nasser Altorki, Vivek Mittal. Mechanisms of stroma-derived CCL7 in promoting lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1420. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1420
Free Biceps Tendon Autograft to Augment Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair (2013)

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs have become the standard of treatment for all sizes of tears over the past several years. Current healing rates reported in the literature are quite good, but improving the healing potential of rotator cuff repairs remains a challenging problem. There has been an increase recently in the use of augmentation of rotator cuff repairs with xenografts or synthetics for large and massive tears. Biceps tenodesis is often indicated as part of the treatment plan while one is performing rotator cuff surgery. A subpectoral biceps tenodesis provides a source of autograft to augment rotator cuff repairs of all sizes. Two techniques are presented to augment rotator cuff repairs with a free biceps tendon autograft. This is a novel idea in an attempt to improve healing rates and long-term results of rotator cuff repairs of all sizes.
Programming parallelism with futures in lustre (2012)

Efficiently distributing synchronous programs is a challenging and long-standing subject. This paper introduces the use of futures in a LUSTRE-like language, giving the programmer control over the expression of parallelism. In the synchronous model where computations are considered instantaneous, futures increase expressiveness by decoupling the beginning from the end of a computation.
Relative Atrophy of the Flocculus and Ocular Motor Dysfunction in SCA2 and SCA6 (2005)

Two hereditary ataxia syndromes show distinct profiles of region-specific atrophy and ocular motor deficits. Selective pontine atrophy is associated with slowed saccades in ataxin-2 mutations, and selective floccular atrophy is associated with impaired pursuit and gaze-holding abnormalities in Ca(V)2.1 mutations. Although the flocculus seems to be spared relative to the pons in ataxin-2 mutations, and pursuit and gaze-holding appear to be relatively normal, these can be difficult to assess at the bedside, as corrective saccades are also slow and hard to discern. Here, we show the presence of significant floccular atrophy compared with controls in both ataxin-2 and Ca(V)2.1 mutations, which raises the possibility that abnormalities of smooth pursuit or gaze-holding are present in both conditions.
Using decision trees to build an event recognition framework for automated visual surveillance (2008)

This paper presents a classifier-based approach to recognize possibly sophisticated events in video surveillance. The aim of this work is to propose a flexible and generic event recognition system that can be used in a real world context. Our system uses the ensemble of randomized trees procedure to model each event as a sequence of structured activity patterns, without using any tracking method. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the system toward artifacts and passer-by, and the effectiveness of its framework for event recognition applications in visual surveillance.
Comb/serpentine/cross-bridge Test Structure For Fabrication Process Evaluation (2005)

The comb/serpentine/cross-bridge structure was developed to monitor and evaluate same layer shorts and step coverage problems (open and high-resistance wire over steps) for integrated circuit fabrication processes. The cross-bridge provides local measurements of wire sheet resistance and wirewidth. These local parametric measurements are used in the analysis of the serpentine wire, which identifies step coverage problems. The comb/serpentine/cross-bridge structure was fabricated with 3 microns CMOS/bulk p-well process and tested using a computer-controlled parametric test system.
Methods for estimating intrinsic viscosity (1949)

Abstract A number of equations are suggested for estimating intrinsic viscosity from one measurement of relative viscosity at a convenient concentration. Experimental data illustrate the validity of the equations.
Immunohistochemistry of dermatofibromas and benign fibrous histiocytomas (1995)

Dermatofibromas (DF) are common, benign skin tumors composed predominantly of cells having elongated nuclei and very scant cytoplasm (i.e., fibroblasts) and capillaries in a collagenous stroma. Some authors distinguish DF from benign fibrous histiocytomas (BFH), which are composed of cells with round to oval nuclei and abundant cytoplasm (i.e., histiocytes). In general, this group of tumors expresses factor XIIIa but not the antigen recognized by MAC 387. However, immunohistochemical differences specifically between DF and BFH have not been reported. We have studied the immunophenotype of 23 lesions having morphologic features predominantly either of DF (17 cases) or BFH (6 cases) using antibodies against desmin (muscle marker), alpha-smooth-muscle actin (muscle and myofibroblast marker), CD68 and HAM56 antigen (markers commonly expressed by macrophages, so called "histiocytic" markers), CD34 (a marker present in hematopoietic, vascular, and occasional dermal dendritic cells), and factor XIIIa (a transglutaminase present in many cells including dermal dendrocytes). Many spindle-shaped cells expressed alpha-smooth-muscle actin while many large, round cells expressed the histiocytic markers. However, most lesions expressed at least focally both alpha-smooth-muscle actin and "histiocytic" markers. Thus a clear-cut distinction between DF and BFH could not be made based on immunophenotype alone. Additionally, the prominent alpha-smooth-muscle actin immunoreactivity and desmin non-reactivity suggests myofibroblastic differentiation in the spindle-cell regions of these tumors, and indicates that expression of alpha-smooth-muscle actin cannot be used as definitive proof of muscle differentiation in spindle-cell tumors. We conclude that DF and BFH are not discrete entities, but represent polar expressions of one nosologic entity exhibiting both myofibroblastic and "histiocytic" differentiation.
Applications of Multi-Physics Modeling in Metallurgical Processing (2008)

Multi-physics modeling tools offer engineers a way to effectively and economically evaluate design options and optimize operating strategies for a variety of metallurgical and manufacturing processes. Many of these processes involve complex physical and chemical phenomena that are coupled and inter-related within the multi-physical domain. Two applications of multi-physics modeling are described: heap leach model (reactive dissolution and flow through a static porous bed) and effects of bubbles, droplets, and particles in metals reduction and refining.
Limbic system associated membrane protein as a potential target for neuropsychiatric disorders (2013)

The studies performed in laboratory animals and psychiatric patients suggest a possible role of limbic system-associated membrane protein (LAMP) in the mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. Stressful manipulations and genetic invalidation have revealed a role of the Lsamp gene in the regulation of anxiety in rodents. Besides that, Lsamp-deficient mice display reduced aggressiveness and impaired adaptation in novel and stressful environments. The behavioral effects of amphetamine were blunted in genetically modified mice. Recent pharmacological and biochemical studies point toward altered function of GABA-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, and dopaminergic systems in Lsamp-deficient mice. Moreover, we found an association between the gene polymorphisms of LSAMP and major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients suffering from MDD had significantly increased ratio between risk and protective haplotypes of the LSAMP gene compared to healthy volunteers. However, the impact of these haplotypes for the function of LAMP is not clear and remains to be elucidated in future studies.
Evaluation of the pain and local tenderness in bone metastasis treated with magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) (2017)

It has been reported that MRgFUS has pain palliative effects on the local pain in patients with bone metastasis. In general, a severity of pain has been evaluated using only subjective method with numerical rating scale (NRS) or visual analogue scale (VAS). It is important to evaluate local pain-palliative effects of MRgFUS treatment with objective and quantitative method. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the severity of local pain of bone metastasis before and after MRgFUS treatments, measuring pressure pain threshold (PPT) using pressure algometer, and pain intensity using electrical stimulation device (the Pain Vision system) at most painful site of bone metastasis. We have conducted MRgFUS for pain palliation of bone metastasis for 8 patients, and evaluated the local tenderness quantitatively for 8 patients, and evaluated local pain intensity for 7 patients. Before the treatments, PPTs were 106.3kPa [40.0-431.5] at metastatic site and 344.8 kPa [206.0-667.0] at normal control site, which showed a significant difference. The PPTs at metastatic site shows a significant increase from 106.3 kPa [40.0-431.5] at the baseline to 270.5 kPa [93.5-533.5] at 3 months after the treatment. The NRS score shows a significant decrease from 6.0 [4-8] at baseline to 1 [0-3] at 3 months after the treatment. Similarly, the pain intensity shows a significant decrease 245 [96.3-888.7] at baseline to 55.9 [2.8-292] at 3 months after the treatment. The results of our study illustrate the pain-relieving effects of MRgFUS for the treatment of painful bone metastasis. PPT might be a useful parameter not only for assessing a treatment’s effect, but also for the decision of the painful area to treat with MRgFUS. Pain Vision seems to be useful for quantitative and objective evaluation of local pain of painful bone metastasis.
The chemical basis of the Breathalyzer: A critical analysis (1990)

The reliability of the breathalyzer has been questioned extensively in recent years. This article addresses several of the key chemical issues that are central to the controversy surrounding the classic breath-alcohol tester.
Activity of ∆9-desaturase enzyme in mammary gland of lactating buffaloes (2007)

The objective of this research was to measure the activity of ∆9-desaturase enzyme in lactating buffaloes. Data from forty lactating Murrah-crossbred buffaloes were collected on five commercial farms located at Sarapui and Pilar do Sul, Sao Paulo-Brazil. A field survey was done from April to November 2002. In four farms, buffaloes were fed with wet brewers grains (primary concentrate). Only one farm (Farm 4) offered pasture and corn silage. Monthly milk samples were collected and stored at -20ºC until analyzed for fatty acid composition. The ∆9-desaturase activity was measured using an indirect method (myristoleic and myristic acids ration - C14:1c9 /C14:0). The higher C14:1c9 /C14:0 rate was verified on Farm 4 (0.092).The C14:1c9 /C14:0 ratio were 0.064 to Farm 1; 0.065 to Farm 2; 0.062 to Farm 3 and 0.065 to Farm 5. The C17:1/C17:0, C18:1c9 /C18:0 and C18:2c9t11/C18:1t11 ratios were also affected. The Farm 4 showed higher value for all ratios. Therefore, in lactating buffaloes grazing pasture the ∆9-desaturase activity could be enhanced.
Capacitive differential pressure sensor with high overload capability using silicon/glass technology (2002)

A capacitive pressure sensor for differential pressures of 100 kPa (1 bar) with an overload capability up to 25 MPa (250 bar) without the need for an external overload protection is presented. The sensing element consists of a Pyrex/silicon/Pyrex sandwich and is fabricated in silicon/glass technology using anodic bonding. To increase the overpressure range the sensor element is mounted in a pre-stressed mounting fixture, which was optimized numerically. Results of FEA simulations, technological processing and sensor performance are discussed.
Gene Regulatory Network Analysis Defines Transcriptome Landscape with Alternative Splicing of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells during Replicative Senescence (2021)

Abstract Background Endothelial cell senescence is the state of permanent cell cycle arrest and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. However, a comprehensive understanding of the gene regulatory network, including genome-wide alternative splicing machinery, involved in endothelial cell senescence is lacking. Results We thoroughly described the transcriptome landscape of replicative senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Genes showing a monotonic increase or decrease in expression with the culture period were defined as hub genes in the co-expression network. Computational network analysis of these genes led to the identification of canonical and non-canonical senescence pathways, such as MYC and SIRT2 signaling, which were down-regulated in metabolism and chromosome organization processes pathways. Additionally, we showed that endothelial cell senescence involves alternative splicing. Importantly, the first and last exon types of splicing, as observed in FLT1 and ACACA , were preferentially altered among the alternatively spliced genes during endothelial senescence. We further identified novel microexons in PRUNE2 and PSAP , each containing 9 nt, which were altered within the specific domain during endothelial senescence. Conclusions These findings unveil the comprehensive transcriptome pathway and novel signaling regulated by RNA processing, including gene expression and splicing, in replicative endothelial senescence.
Affective computation on EEG correlates of emotion from musical and vocal stimuli (2009)

Affective interface that acquires and detects the emotion of the user can potentially enhance the human-computer interface experience. In this paper, an affective brain-computer interface (ABCI) is proposed to perform affective computation on electroencephalogram (EEG) correlates of emotion. The proposed ABCI extracts EEG features from subjects while exposed to 6 emotionally-related musical and vocal stimuli using kernel smoothing density estimation (KSDE) and Gaussian mixture model probability estimation (GMM). A classification algorithm is subsequently used to learn and classify the extracted EEG features. An inter-subject validation study is performed on healthy subjects to assess the performance of ABCI using a selection of classification algorithms. The results show that ABCI that employed the Bayesian network and the one-rule classifier yielded a promising inter-subject validation accuracy of 90%.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Quantitative Analysis of Subclonal and Clonal Gene Mutations before and after Therapy in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;VAFs for selected genes at longitudinal time points for cases that did not receive intercurrent therapy&lt;/p&gt;
WLC19-2: An Analytical Model for the IEEE 802.11 DCF WLAN with Multiple Co-channel Cells (2006)

This paper proposes a new analytical model to evaluate the distributed coordination function (DCF) performance of a multi-cell wireless local area network (WLAN). Current DCF analytical models concentrate on the performance analysis of a single-cell WLAN and have not considered the interference impact from neighboring co-channel cells using the same frequency channels. This paper analyzes DCF performance in an environment of multiple cells and investigates the vital effects of co-channel interference. At the same time, a realistic propagation model with lognormal shadowing is taken into account. In our model, users are located at different positions in a cell and experience different signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) at the access point (AP). As a result, the performance of each user is distinct. The proposed model is able to evaluate the performance for each user in terms of SIR, packet error rate (PER), transmission probability (TP), collision probability (CP), etc. In addition, the system throughput (TH) is calculated to evaluate the overall efficiency of each cell.