gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LMI‐based gain scheduling for bridge flutter control using eccentric rotational actuators (2011)

SUMMARY Long‐span bridge girders can show dangerous instable flutter vibrations caused by aerodynamic forces due to very strong winds. The control objective of flutter control is to enhance the structure‐dependent and control‐dependent critical wind speed of flutter onset. An active mass damper system with two eccentric rotational actuators (ERA) is presented for flutter control. By using a bridge girder model that moves in two degrees of freedom (DOFs) and is subjected to wind, the equations of motion of the controlled structure equipped with ERA are established. For determination of critical wind speed, a flutter analysis is carried out with the help of a numerical simulation scheme. Considering the plant without the aerodynamic forces and neglecting the interaction effects between the two ERA, the simplified control problem of one ERA is affine to the translational oscillator and rotational actuator (TORA) benchmark problem. LMI‐based gain scheduling technique has been used successfully for the TORA and is implemented for flutter control with ERA in this research. For an example, the performance of the controlled bridge girder is investigated. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Development and Validation of an LC–MS/MS Assay for The Quantification of Efavirenz in Different Biological Matrices (2016)

The method developed here represents a versatile, sensitive and easy-to-use assay. The assay has been applied to in vitro and in vivo samples demonstrating reliable efavirenz quantification in multiple matrices.
Characterization of a porin from Mycobacterium smegmatis (1997)

A pore-forming protein with an Mr of 40,000 has been extracted from the cell wall of Mycobacterium smegmatis with buffer containing the detergent Zwittergent 3-12 and 0.5 M NaCl and purified on an anion-exchange column. Although the pore diameter was large (2 nm), the specific activity was much lower than those of nonspecific porin channels of enteric bacteria. The channel allowed the permeation of small hydrophilic molecules such as sugars and amino acids. Its N-terminal sequence did not show any similarity to those of other porins sequenced so far.
Chrysler's New Engine Performance Dynamometer Facility (1981)

A new 10 cell engine dynamometer complex, which provides optimized testing and development capacity for new lines of automotive power plants for the 1980's and beyond, has been built. This modern facility combines state-of-the-art instrumentation for control, data gathering, and data analysis with new operating concepts which together allow for high levels of accuracy, repeatability, and productivity previously not attainable in the area of engine testing and development.
Recent developments in wound care in Denmark (1998)

A report on initiatives to improve the management of patients with chronic wounds, including the use of compression bandaging, and the treatment of underlying diseases
In Situ Trapping Strategy Enables a High-Loading Ni Single-Atom Catalyst as a Separator Modifier for a High-Performance Li–S Battery (2023)

The poor electrochemical reaction kinetics of Li polysulfides is a key barrier that prevents the Li–S batteries from widespread applications. Ni single atoms dispersed on carbon matrixes derived from ZIF-8 are a promising type of catalyst for accelerating the conversion of active sulfur species. However, Ni favors a square-planar coordination that can only be doped on the external surface of ZIF-8, leading to a low loading amount of Ni single atoms after pyrolysis. Herein, we demonstrate an in situ trapping strategy to synthesize Ni and melamine-codoped ZIF-8 precursor (Ni-ZIF-8-MA) by simultaneously introducing melamine and Ni during the synthesis of ZIF-8, which can remarkably decrease the particle size of ZIF-8 and further anchor Ni via Ni–N6 coordination. Consequently, a novel high-loading Ni single-atom (3.3 wt %) catalyst implanted in an N-doped nanocarbon matrix (Ni@NNC) is obtained after high-temperature pyrolysis. This catalyst as a separator modifier shows a superior catalytic effect on the electrochemical transitions of Li polysulfides, which endows the corresponding Li–S batteries with a high specific capacity of 1232.4 mA h g–1 at 0.3 C and an excellent rate capability of 814.9 mA h g–1 at 3 C. Furthermore, a superior areal capacity of 4.6 mA h cm–2 with stable cycling over 160 cycles can be achieved under a critical condition with a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio (8.4 μL mg–1) and high sulfur loading (4.85 mg cm–2). The outstanding electrochemical performances can be attributed to the strong adsorption and fast conversion of Li polysulfides on the highly dense active sites of Ni@NNC. This intriguing work provides new inspirations for designing high-loading single-atom catalysts applied in Li–S batteries.
Examination of interfacial charge transfer in photocatalysis using patterned CuO thin film deposited on TiO2 (2015)

We examined the interfacial charge transfer effect on photocatalysts using a patterned CuO thin film deposited on a rutile TiO2 (110) substrate. Photocatalytic activity was visualized based on the formation of metal Ag particles resulting from the photoreduction of Ag+ ions under visible-light illumination. Ag particles were selectively deposited near the edge of CuO film for several nanometer thick CuO film, indicating that interfacial excitation from the valence band maximum of TiO2 to the conduction band minimum of CuO plays a key role in efficient photocatalytic activity of CuO nanocluster-grafted TiO2 systems with visible-light sensitivity.
Contraction mediated by Ca2+ influx in esophageal muscle and by Ca2+ release in the LES (1987)

Single cells and whole tissue specimens were used in this study to determine sources of Ca2+ utilized for contraction of the circular muscle layer of esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) of the cat. In vitro circular muscle specimens from the cat esophagus respond to electrical stimulation with phasic contractions at the end of the stimulus, whereas the LES spontaneously maintains tonic contraction and relaxes during stimulation. In Ca2+-free buffer, esophageal contractions rapidly decline and disappear within 10 min after the removal of Ca2+, while LES tone is only partially reduced. Similarly, incubation in a solution containing the Ca2+ influx blocker, La3+, abolishes esophageal contraction but only partially decreases LES tone. Conversely, strontium and caffeine substantially reduce LES tone without affecting the amplitude of esophageal contractions. In single muscle cells isolated by enzymatic digestion from the LES and the body of the esophagus, blockade of extracellular Ca2+ influx by methoxyverapamil (D 600) or ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether) N,N'-tetraacetic acid abolished esophageal contraction in response to acetylcholine without affecting LES cells, and conversely, strontium abolished LES contraction without affecting esophageal cells. These data are consistent with the view that extracellular Ca2+ is required to initiate esophageal phasic contraction, while the LES has the ability to utilize intracellular Ca2+ to maintain resting tone and to contract in response to acetylcholine.
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 as a Biomarker in Cardiovascular Disease (2016)

GDF-15 captures distinct aspects of CV disease development, progression, and prognosis, which are not represented by clinical risk predictors and other biomarkers. The usefulness of GDF-15 to guide management decisions and discover new treatment targets should be further explored.
Expected current distributions for CMOS circuits (1996)

The analysis of CMOS VLSI circuit switching current has become an increasingly important and difficult task from both a VLSI design and simulation software perspective. This paper presents a new static switching current estimation algorithm based on the idea of Expected Current Distributions (ECDs). Unlike previous approaches, ECDs model not only the expected value of switching current waveforms over all time, but also the variances and covariances of all waveform segments as well. This extra information allows a switching current waveform to be modeled by a random process with both first and second order ensemble statistics. This specification provides the power spectral density of the switching current and allows the use of traditional frequency domain noise analysis to simulate the behavior of the switching current in the electrical supply network. An ECD simulation procedure is described and results are presented for the ISCAS85 combinational benchmark circuits. Estimated quantities include total average and RMS VDD current, the autocorrelation function of the total VDD current waveform, and per-gate average and RMS VDD currents. The results show speedups of up to 100 x and good agreement with respect to figures obtained using dynamic logic simulation and statistical mean estimation.
Low total abundances and a predominance of n‐ω‐amino acids in enstatite chondrites: Implications for thermal stability of amino acids in the inner solar system (2021)

Abstract Investigating the organic contents of enstatite chondrite meteorites may offer insights into both early inner solar system and early Earth chemistry. Enstatite chondrite meteorites have highly reduced and anhydrous compositions, and their bulk isotopic compositions closely resemble terrestrial values, suggesting that their parent body asteroids accreted within the inner protoplanetary disk and were a primary contributor during Earth’s late accretion (Javoy, 1995; Piani et al., 2020). Here, we present the first report of amino acids in enstatite chondrite meteorite samples. Three EH3 meteorites were analyzed (Dominion Range [DOM] 14021, Larkman Nunatak [LAR] 12001, and Larkman Nunatak 06252). The acid‐hydrolyzed water extracts of the meteorites contained low abundances (1.5–215.9 pmol g −1 ) of n ‐ω‐amino acids (glycine, β‐alanine, γ‐amino‐ n ‐butyric acid [γ‐ABA], δ‐amino‐ n ‐valeric acid [δ‐AVA], and ε‐amino‐ n ‐caproic acid [ε‐ACA]), but amino acids were not present above detection limits in the nonhydrolyzed samples. The low amino acid abundances and the predominance of n ‐ω‐amino acids resemble amino acid distributions previously observed for thermally altered chondrites. These results suggest that the parent body asteroid was not conducive to the synthesis and/or preservation of α‐amino acids, or free amino acids in general, and that EH3 chondrite‐like material may not have been a primary contributor of diverse or abundant free amino acids to the early Earth.
Experimental Studies for Improved Nitrification in Shallow Lagoon Systems (1994)

Two separate experimental studies aimed at enhancing nitrification in lagoon systems are described. In the first study a system of four 1:10 scale experimental ponds was used to evaluate the potential for enhancement of nitrification through the control of hydraulic loading rates to lagoon systems. A relationship incorporating the parameters: hydraulic retention time, nitrifier growth rate, temperature, pH and chlorophyll a concentration was established. This relationship provides a useful guide to managing lagoons but further work is required to provide a better understanding of the processes involved. In the second study eight laboratory-scale reactors were used to evaluate the potential for enhancement of nitrification through the use of algal/bacterial biofilms. The study showed that these biofilms have the potential to enhance nitrification, particularly under more adverse conditions such as low hydraulic retention time, high organic loading and low levels of D.O., pH and temperature.
Superconductivity in transparent Sn-doped In2O3 films (1993)

Superconducting thin films of Sn-doped In2O3 with high visible transmittances were prepared by electron-beam evaporation on polyester and glass substrates, followed by post-deposition annealing. Effects of annealing on electrical and optical properties were examined and optimum conditions under which superconductivity appears were determined. With increasing annealing temperature or annealing time, films change their electrical conduction from semiconducting to metallic behavior, and the superconducting state could be obtained in the transition region between the two phases. Post-oxidation at a low temperature (∼140 °C) is important to produce superconducting films, which have transition temperatures Tc of 2–4 K for resistivities of the order of 10−3 Ω cm and carrier densities in the range of 1021 cm−3. Superconducting films with much higher transmittance (∼80% at the wavelength 550 nm) were obtained on polyester substrates, whereas glass substrates were used to produce films with higher Tc’s and lower resistivities. The temperature variations of the resistivity near Tc and of the perpendicular critical field can be reconciled with those expected for a dirty superconducting thin film. It is found that the Tc is well correlated with the resistivity and transmittance, and that the superconducting state appears in restricted ranges of these parameters. Chemical bonding and valence-band structures in films were measured by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The present results are compared with those for other superconducting oxides including high-Tc cuprate systems. The appearance of superconductivity in our samples is discussed on the basis of the electrical, optical, and chemical properties.
Effect of Current Measurement Timing and Antialiasing Filter in a Single-Phase Inverter (2019)

Synchronous current measurement is a standard method for digital inverter control. Conventionally the measurement is sampled at pulse-width modulation carrier peaks to provide an average value of the current over the modulation cycle. With increased switching frequencies of inverters, the accuracy of the current measurement may suffer, especially during short output voltage pulses at high duty cycles. This paper focuses on the effect of sampling instant timing of the current measurement of a single-phase H-bridge inverter. Experimental tests show that proper analog to digital conversion timing and antialiasing filter design will significantly improve the current measurement accuracy.
Prevalence of β2-ToxigenicClostridium perfringensin Horses with Intestinal Disorders (1999)

The incidence of a new, yet unassigned toxin type of Clostridium perfringens containing the genes for the alpha-toxin and the recently described beta2-toxin in horses with intestinal disorders is reported. The study included 18 horses suffering from typical typhlocolitis, 7 horses with atypical typhlocolitis, 16 horses with other intestinal disorders, and 58 horses without intestinal disease. In total, 20 samples of ingesta of the small and large intestines, five biopsy specimens of the intestinal wall, and 74 fecal samples were analyzed bacteriologically. C. perfringens isolates were typed for the presence of the alpha-, beta-, beta2-, and epsilon-toxin and enterotoxin genes by PCR, including a newly developed PCR for the detection of the beta2-toxin gene cpb2. beta2-Toxigenic C. perfringens was detected in samples from 13 of 25 (52%) horses with typical or atypical typhlocolitis, with a particularly high incidence in specimens of ingesta and biopsy specimens (75%), whereas only 6 of 16 specimens from horses with other intestinal diseases yielded beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens. No beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens was found in the samples from the 58 control horses, of which only one fecal sample contained C. perfringens type A. Among the samples from the 15 horses with fatal cases of typical and atypical typhlocolitis 9 (60%) were positive for beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens, whereas samples from only 4 of the 10 (40%) animals with nonfatal cases of infection were positive. We found an interesting correlation between the antibiotic-treated horses which were positive for beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens and lethal progression of the disease. No C. perfringens strains isolated in this study contained genes for the beta- and epsilon-toxins and enterotoxin. The high incidence of beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens in samples of ingesta, biopsy specimens of the intestinal wall, and feces from horses suffering or dying from typhlocolitis together with the absence of this organism in healthy horses provides strong evidence that beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens play an important role in the pathogenesis of typhlocolitis.
<title>Stacked organic light-emitting devices for full-color flat panel displays</title> (1998)

We review recent progress in small molecule, stacked organic light emitting devices (SOLEDs) with emphasis on their potential application to lightweight, full-color displays. In a full-color SOLED pixel, the red, green and blue light emitting devices are vertically stacked to provide a simple fabrication process, minimum pixel size, and maximum fill factor. This architecture is uniquely applicable to organic semiconductors due to the lack of lattice matching requirements at the many materials interfaces. We discuss the effects of microcavity effects on the output color of the SOLED, and demonstrate an optimized three color pixel with good color saturation. Various drive schemes for stacked pixel architectures are introduced.
Fused filament fabrication 3D printed polylactic acid electroosmotic pumps (2021)

Additive manufacturing (3D printing) offers a flexible approach for the production of bespoke microfluidic structures such as the electroosmotic pump. Here a readily accessible fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique has been employed for the first time to produce microcapillary structures using low cost thermoplastics in a scalable electroosmotic pump application. Capillary structures were formed using a negative space 3D printing approach to deposit longitudinal filament arrangements with polylactic acid (PLA) in either "face-centre cubic" or "body-centre cubic" arrangements, where the voids deliberately formed within the deposited structure act as functional micro-capillaries. These 3D printed capillary structures were shown to be capable of functioning as a simple electroosmotic pump (EOP), where the maximum flow rate of a single capillary EOP was up to 1.0 μl min<sup>-1</sup> at electric fields of up to 750 V cm<sup>-1</sup>. Importantly, higher flow rates were readily achieved by printing parallel multiplexed capillary arrays.
Abstract 142: Modeling Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome with Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (2013)

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by prolonged cardiac repolarization time and increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia. LQTS can be either inherited or induced notably after drugs intake. M...
Counting Statistics of Non-Markovian Quantum Stochastic Processes (2008)

We derive a general expression for the cumulant generating function (CGF) of non-Markovian quantum stochastic transport processes. The long-time limit of the CGF is determined by a single dominating pole of the resolvent of the memory kernel from which we extract the zero-frequency cumulants of the current using a recursive scheme. The finite-frequency noise is expressed not only in terms of the resolvent, but also initial system-environment correlations. As an illustrative example we consider electron transport through a dissipative double quantum dot for which we study the effects of dissipation on the zero-frequency cumulants of high orders and the finite-frequency noise.
The Effects of Curcumin on Immune Responses (2012)

Several studies have provided evidence that the ployphenol curcumin can influence immune responses significantly. Here we overview the effects of curcumin in physiological and in pathological immune responses, including the recent findings from the use of curcumin to modulate immune-mediated diseases.
Electric-field-induced metastable state of electrical conductivity in polyaniline nanoparticles polymerized in nanopores of a MIL-101 dielectric matrix (2015)

Conducting polyaniline PANI has been obtained inside dielectric nanoporous coordination polymer MIL-101. The application of an electric field transforms both bulk PANI and nanocomposite PANI@MIL to a metastable high-conductive state. After a decrease in the applied electric field, PANI and PANI@MIL relax toward a state low-conductive stable by the law ln[σ(t)/σ(τ)] = −(t/τ) n , which is typical of disordered systems with the characteristic time τ of about six hours for PANI and with three times larger time for composite PANI@MIL. The temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity σ(T) of the samples in both high- and low-ohmic states are described by the fluctuation-induced conductivity model. Significant changes in relaxation processes and in the parameters of the fluctuation-induced tunneling conduction in nanocomposite PANI@MIL are due to a decrease in the sizes of polyaniline particles in the MIL-101 matrix to nanometers.
All-Fiber-Based Ultrashort Pulse Generation and Chirped Pulse Amplification Through Parametric Processes (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the use of optical fiber for optical parametric chirped pulse amplification to amplify subpicosecond pulses. We use this system to amplify a subpicosecond signal at 1595 nm generated by a fiber-optical parametric oscillator. The 750-fs signal from the oscillator output is stretched to 40 ps, amplified by an all-fiber optical parametric amplifier and then compressed to 808 fs. The peak power of the signal is amplified from 93 mW to 10 W.
Intra-articular Hip Injuries in National Basketball Association Players: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study (2022)

NBA players with intra-articular hip injuries underwent surgery more frequently and had a longer return-to-play time compared with those with extra-articular hip injuries. NBA tenure and player age were not correlated with the risk of developing hip injury or the need for surgery.
Ethanol production from hexoses, pentoses, and dilute-acid hydrolyzate by (2004)

Consumption of hexoses and pentoses and production of ethanol by Mucor indicus were investigated in both synthetic media and dilute-acid hydrolyzates. The fungus was able to grow in a poor medium containing only carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and magnesium sources. However, the cultivation took more than a week and the ethanol yield was only 0.2 gg(-1). Enrichment of the medium by addition of trace metals, particularly zinc and yeast extract, improved the growth rate and yield, such that the cultivation was completed in less than 24 h and the ethanol and biomass yields were increased to 0.40 and 0.20 gg(-1), respectively. The fungus was able to assimilate glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose, and produced ethanol with yields of 0.40, 0.34, 0.39, and 0.18 gg(-1), respectively. However, arabinose was poorly consumed and no formation of ethanol was detected. Glycerol was the major by-product in the cultivation on the hexoses, while formation of glycerol and xylitol were detected in the cultivation of the fungus on xylose. The fungus was able to take up the sugars present in dilute-acid hydrolyzate as well as the inhibitors, acetic acid, furfural, and hydroxymethyl furfural. M. indicus was able to grow under anaerobic conditions when glucose was the sole carbon source, but not on xylose or the hydrolyzate. The yield of ethanol in anaerobic cultivation on glucose was 0.46 g g(-1).
Extra-Abdominal Desmoid of the Hand (1969)

From The Hospital for Special Surgery, affiliated with The New York Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York