gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remembrance of Immunology Past: Conversations with Herman Eisen (2015)

Herman Eisen and Sondra Schlesinger spent several days together in September 2007 in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, talking about immunology, focusing on his remembrances of the field over the more than 60 years of his involvement. This article is an abridged version of those discussions (the full version is available on the Annual Reviews website). It is both an oral history and a written memory of some important but selected areas of immunology.
The importance of immediate postnatal contact: its effect on breastfeeding. (1979)

Breastfeeding is said to be the ideal form of infant nutrition, but promoting it is thought to be difficult. The results of this study show that success is more likely when breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact begin in the delivery room. The procedure is simple and the contact period need to be of only 15-20 minutes duration. The primiparas in this study seemed contented, happy or excited with the experience. Possibly it is most beneficial to those mothers who have not asked to hold their infants at birth.
Publius: a robust, tamper-evident, censorship-resistant web publishing system (2000)

Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes.
Note: Quantitative (artifact-free) surface potential measurements using Kelvin force microscopy (2011)

The measurement of local surface potentials by Kelvin force microscopy (KFM) can be sensitive to external perturbations which lead to artifacts such as strong dependences of experimental results (typically in a ∼1 V range) with KFM internal parameters (cantilever excitation frequency and/or the projection phase of the KFM feedback-loop). We analyze and demonstrate a correction of such effects on a KFM implementation in ambient air. Artifact-free KFM measurements, i.e., truly quantitative surface potential measurements, are obtained with a ∼30 mV accuracy.
MIMO SAR Processing for Multichannel High-Resolution Wide-Swath Radars (2014)

This paper addresses signal reconstruction for future multiple-input multiple-output synthetic aperture radars (SARs) equipped with a multichannel antenna to enable wide-area high-resolution imaging. To image large swaths without range ambiguities, these high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) SAR systems use a low pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Such a PRF, however, causes the radar echoes received by each channel to be strongly aliased. By introducing new techniques, this paper extends the theory of multichannel signal processing for reconstructing the SAR signal from the aliased signals. The reconstruction performances of the proposed processing methods in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, point target ambiguity ratio, peak-to-sidelobe ratio, and signal-to-ambiguity-plus-noise ratio are investigated according to the PRF and compared with each other for an exemplary HRWS SAR system.
Jet Drilling Tool: Cost-Effective Lateral Drilling Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery (2001)

Abstract The paper describes a new coiled tubing conveyed drilling technique, were several new well bores are jet-drilled perpendicular from the mother well and into the reservoir formation. This technology is targeted for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) in both existing and new field developments. The objective is to improve the production profile around the mother well, by penetrating the damaged skin zone, and connecting to possible hydrocarbon pockets left behind in the reservoir. The Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) is configured to jetdrill several slim laterals, all in one coiled tubing (CT) run. This through tubing operation has the potential to create up to ten, 50 m long, and 1–2 in. diameter laterals at the exact desired depth in the mother well. The BHA consists of two main parts; a casing drilling machine and a high-pressure hose and jet-nozzle. The hose is spooled from the BHA as the lateral is drilled into the formation. The main issues presented in the paper are: The new jet tool functional characteristicsThe theoretical aspects of jet drilling; penetration mechanisms and self-induced nozzle pull forceLaboratory experiments (confirmation of theoretical models)The jet drilling effect on improved well production (production simulations). The technology is an attractive substitute or supplement to acid and proppant fracturing, perforating services and conventional sidetrack drilling.
Warburg-like metabolic transformation underlies neuronal degeneration in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (2022)

The drivers of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain incompletely understood. Utilizing directly converted induced neurons (iNs) from AD-patient-derived fibroblasts, we identified a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis in AD iNs. Pathological isoform switching of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M (PKM) toward the cancer-associated PKM2 isoform conferred metabolic and transcriptional changes in AD iNs. These alterations occurred via PKM2's lack of metabolic activity and via nuclear translocation and association with STAT3 and HIF1α to promote neuronal fate loss and vulnerability. Chemical modulation of PKM2 prevented nuclear translocation, restored a mature neuronal metabolism, reversed AD-specific gene expression changes, and re-activated neuronal resilience against cell death.
Communicating transportation risk: Training for effective public outreach (1993)

To build the capability of employees and others in more effectively communicating with the public about nuclear materials transportation activities, the Department of Energy is developing a transportation-specific risk communication training and instructor preparation program. The training employs transportation-specific scenarios and examples to help participants apply risk communication principles to both routine and emergency situations. Instructor preparation includes participation in the training, additional work in risk communication and transportation issues, and opportunities to team with more experienced instructors to conduct the training.
An Experimental Study of Molten Salt Electrorefining of Uranium Using Solid Iron Cathode and Liquid Cadmium Cathode for Development of Pyrometallurgical Reprocessing. (1997)

Electrorefining of uranium was studied for developing pyrometallurgical reprocessing technology of metal fuel cycle. After concentration dependence of polarization curve was measured, uranium was electrodeposited either on solid iron cathode or in liquid cadmium cathode. Design and operational conditions of the cathode were improved for obtaining much greater quantity of deposit, resulting in recovery of 732g of dendritic uranium on a single solid cathode, and of 232g of uranium in 2,344g of a liquid cadmium cathode. The behaviors of electro-codeposition of rare earth elements with uranium were observed for liquid cadmium cathode, and were found to follow the local equilibrium between salt electrolyte and cathode. The decontamination factors of FP simulating elements from uranium were tentatively determined as >2,000 for deposition to solid cathode and as >7 for deposition to liquid cadmium cathode, respectively.
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Intraluminal Thrombus From Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (2001)

Accurate estimation of the wall stress distribution in an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) may prove clinically useful by predicting when a particular aneurysm will rupture. Appropriate constitutive models for both the wall and the intraluminal thrombus (ILT) found in most AAA are necessary for this task. The purpose of this work was to determine the mechanical properties of ILT within AAA and to derive a more suitable constitutive model for this material. Uniaxial tensile testing was carried out on 50 specimens, including 14 longitudinally oriented and 14 circumferentially oriented specimens from the luminal region of the ILT, and 11 longitudinally oriented and 11 circumferentially oriented specimens from the medial region. A two-parameter, large-strain, hyperelastic constitutive model was developed and used to fit the uniaxial tensile testing data for determination of the material parameters. Maximum stiffness and strength were also determined from the data for each specimen. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study the regional microstructural difference. Our results indicate that the microstructure of ILT differs between the luminal, medial, and abluminal regions, with the luminal region stronger and stiffer than the medial region. In all cases, the constitutive model fit the experimental data very well (R2>0.98). No significant difference was found for either of the two material parameters between longitudinal and circumferential directions, but a significant difference in material parameters, stiffness, and strength between the laminal and medial regions was determined (p<0.01). Therefore, our results suggest that ILT is an inhomogeneous and possibly isotropic material. The two-parameter, hyperelastic, isotropic, incompressible material model derived here for ILT can be easily incorporated into finite element models for simulation of wall stress distribution in AAA.
Individualized model predictive control for the artificial pancreas: In silico evaluation of closed-loop glucose control (2018)

Despite the continuous efforts devoted to AP development in the last decades, an artificial pancreas (AP) system is not yet available on the market. One of the major issues involves the inter-subject variability affecting type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients, which makes the definition of a single controller suitable for any patient practically impossible. Moreover, a state-of-the-art, noninvasive, and portable AP system is composed of subcutaneous hardware components, and the control algorithm must be properly designed to reside on a standalone device with limited battery life and computational power. These characteristics make the design of a safe and effective AP system even more challenging, due to the inherent delays affecting the subcutaneous insulin delivery route and the tradeoff between control performance and computational power expenditure. As a result of the model predictive control's (MPC's) ability to address inherent delays of the process under control, it is one of the most promising control approaches in the context of an AP. However, the achievable control performance is strictly related to the prediction capabilities of the model included in the controller, which, in general, can be highly nonlinear. The currently used MPC in clinical experiments relies on a linear average glucose-insulin model designed to represent the average dynamics of a subject with diabetes. This non-individualized MPC is not designed to cope with patient-specific dynamics but is designed to be non-computationally demanding and robust enough to result in a safe and effective control law.
Modulation scaling for real-time energy aware packet scheduling (2002)

Portable wireless communication systems operate on a limited battery supply, and energy efficiency is therefore crucial. Voltage scaling techniques have been proposed to lower the energy consumption of embedded processors and real-time operating systems have incorporated these schemes in their task scheduling engine. However, the actual data transmission itself constitutes a major portion of the total energy consumption in these wireless communication systems. In this paper, we extend the scaling notion to the realm of wireless communications and propose a novel technique called modulation scaling to decrease the energy consumed during data transmission. Modulation scaling trades off energy consumption against transmission delay and as such, introduces the concept of energy awareness in communications. We investigate how modulation scaling can be exploited to design a dynamic power management engine at the level of the radio. This engine coordinates the packet transmission schedule while optimizing energy efficiency. We demonstrate such a power management module for real-time traffic and show that it reduces the energy consumption of data transmissions by up to 50 % through smart traffic scheduling.
Rather than by direct acquisition via lateral gene transfer, GHF5 cellulases were passed on from early Pratylenchidae to root-knot and cyst nematodes (2012)

All Tylenchida members investigated here harbored one or multiple GHF5 cellulases. Three types of catalytic domains are distinguished, and the presence of at least two types is relatively common among plant parasitic Tylenchida. Analysis of coding sequences of cellulases suggests that root-knot and cyst nematodes did not acquire this gene directly by lateral genes transfer. More likely, these genes were passed on by ancestors of a family nowadays known as the Pratylenchidae.
Qualitätsmanagement (2015)

You have accessQualitätsmanagementAug 2015QualitätsmanagementRobert Schmitt, Tilo PfeiferRobert SchmittSearch for more papers by this author, Tilo PfeiferSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446440821.fmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2015Pages: I-XVIIIPrint ISBN: 978-3-446-43432-5eISBN: 978-3-446-44082-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2015 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Esterase Activity of Plasma before and after Heparin Injection into Rats and Rabbits (1971)

Samples of plasma obtained before and after injection of heparin into rats and rabbits were subjected to Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. Plasma obtained after heparin injection gave two fractions (fraction A and B), while that before the injection gave only fraction B. Fraction A showed both lipase [EC 3.1.1. 3] and esterase activities, hydrolyzing activated Ediol and tributyrin. Using this procedure it was shown that the increase in esterase activity that follows heparin injection in rats is not due to induction of normal plasma esterase (fraction B), but to appearance of a new esterase (fraction A). The esterase which appeared in plasma after heparin injection could also be separated from the esterase present in normal plasma by ammonium sulfate frac-tionation and by pH-treatment. Attempts to separate lipase and esterase, induced by injection of heparin, were unsuccessful.
Functional Textiles in Prevention of Chronic Wounds, Wound Healing and Tissue Engineering (2003)

The use of textiles in medicine has a long tradition. An important field ofapplication is wound care and prevention of chronic wounds, in particular pres-sure sores. Among the long list of textile materials, bandages and wound dress-ings gained great popularity. The use of textile materials was supported byavailability, prices and re-usability. Woven textiles are mostly used. Despite thefact that traditional textiles fulfilled primary quality approaches like biocom-patibility, flexibility, strength, etc. there is an increasing need for specifiedfunctions. Along with the technological development of functional textiles,their use in wound healing and prevention of chronic wounds has reached a newquality of interactivity between biological tissues and textiles [1].
Derivatives of Primary Nitroalkanes. Preparation of Isoxazolines (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of Primary Nitroalkanes. Preparation of IsoxazolinesG. Bryant Bachman and Lois E. StromCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 4, 1150–1152Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01039a518https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01039a518research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of topical tacrolimus for treating the malar rash of systemic lupus erythematosus (2003)

The rash of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is usually treated with topical corticosteroids, but prolonged use causes adverse cutaneous side-effects. We assessed the efficacy of topical tacrolimus for treating the skin lesions of SLE. Three patients with SLE affecting their facial skin applied 0.1% tacrolimus ointment on one side of their face twice daily for 3 weeks, in conjunction with a sunscreen cream. After 3 weeks, erythema on the treated side was ameliorated in all three patients compared with the untreated side. Although the study is preliminary, the results demonstrate that topical tacrolimus may be useful for treating the malar rash of SLE.
Comparison of Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes and Poly(3‐octylthiophene) as Ion‐to‐Electron Transducers in All‐Solid‐State Potassium Ion‐Selective Electrodes (2011)

Abstract Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were compared with poly(3‐octylthiophene) (POT) as ion‐to‐electron transducer in all‐solid‐state potassium ion‐selective electrodes with valinomycin‐based ion‐selective membranes. MWCNTs and POT were mixed with the other components of the potassium ion‐selective membrane cocktail (valinomycin, KTpClPB, o ‐NPOE, PVC, THF) which was then applied on a glassy carbon (GC) substrate to prepare single‐piece ion‐selective electrodes (SPISEs). Results from potentiometric and impedance measurements showed that the MWCNT‐based electrodes have a more reproducuible standard potential and a lower overall impedance than the electrodes based on POT. Both types of electrodes showed similar sensitivity to potassium ions and no redox sensitivity.
Space of preattentive shape features (2020)

Four decades of studies in visual attention and visual working memory used visual features such as colors, orientations, and shapes. The layout of their featural space is clearly established for most features (e.g., CIE-Lab for colors) but not shapes. Here, I attempted to reveal the basic dimensions of preattentive shape features by studying how shapes can be positioned relative to one another in a way that matches their perceived similarities. Specifically, 14 shapes were optimized as n-dimensional vectors to achieve the highest linear correlation (r) between the log-distances between C (14, 2) = 91 pairs of shapes and the discriminabilities (d') of these 91 pairs in a texture segregation task. These d' values were measured on a large sample (N = 200) and achieved high reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.982). A vast majority of variances in the results (r = 0.974) can be explained by a three-dimensional SCI shape space: segmentability, compactness, and spikiness.
Note from the editors: Eurosurveillance special issue on leishmaniasis painting a picture of the situation in Europe (2013)

After the publication of a special issue on Chagas disease in September 2011, this is the second time we focus on diseases caused by pathogens belonging to the family Trypanosomatidae. Even though Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. infections have different impact on health, they are (still) neglected and we would like to raise awareness for aspects related to public health.
Coordinating rendezvous points for inductive power transfer between electric vehicles to increase effective driving distance (2013)

Battery electric vehicles (EV) average 75 miles on a fully charged battery. This range can be limited by external factors, namely use of battery power while the vehicle is stopped in traffic. Coupled with the time required by a battery to fully recharge and the current lack of charging stations, many drivers have range anxiety which prevent them from switching to EVs. One method to increase interest in EVs and to ease range anxiety concerns among drivers is to offer immediate charging facilities that are available to drivers. A possible solution is to have drivers "share" charge with each other using inductive power transfer to wirelessly transfer charge between vehicles at rendezvous points. We simulate the interactions of this ad-hoc network of rendezvous points between EVs for charge transfer to determine the feasibility of such a system, especially for taxicabs. We use real world data to simulate typical commuting driving distributions for commuters and New York City taxis. Assuming that all users in the system use GPS, we know each cars start and stop nodes. Using fisheye state routing (FSR) with first-come-first-serve (FCFS) methodology for car coordination at rendezvous points, we show that we are able to reduce the probability of refueling to 0% for commuter cars and significantly lowers the probability of refueling for taxicabs traveling more than 75 miles.
Modulus Properties of Granular Materials at Various Strain Levels from Repeated Load Triaxial Testing with Bender Elements (2022)

Modulus or stiffness of granular layers is a fundamental material property needed for pavement analysis and design and is also used as a quality control indicator of a constructed pavement layer. This paper presents results from a laboratory study on repeated load triaxial tests with bender elements (BE) to compare the modulus properties of base, subbase, and subgrade materials in small and resilient strain levels. Three pavement base course aggregate materials and one silty-sand subgrade soil were selected to prepare specimens at target maximum densities and optimum moisture contents. BE pairs were installed at different heights in the specimens to collect shear-wave velocity data. In addition, a pair of piezoelectric disk elements was installed in the subgrade sample to collect the compressional wave velocity. Repeated load triaxial testing was performed following the AASHTO T 307 resilient modulus test procedure. From the 15 loading stages at different stress states, the shear-wave velocities, and compressional-wave velocity (when applicable), the resilient modulus properties were evaluated at the end of each stress state. Comparisons were made among modulus values obtained in different strain ranges such that shear-wave velocities measured by BE were utilized to calculate the modulus in a small-strain range, while the resilient modulus in a larger strain range was estimated by strain measurements. The test results regress to a linear relationship between small-strain elastic modulus and resilient modulus for crushed stone coarse aggregates and silty-sand subgrade soils. The findings of this research prove the possibility of establishing correlations to obtain the resilient modulus of granular materials from BE measurements at smaller strains and enable the utilization of the small-strain modulus measured in situ and instantaneously by BE sensors for pavement analysis and design purposes.