gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview: Reserves/Asset Management (December 2007) (2007)

What does it mean to manage reserves and assets in the context of the oil- and gas-production business? It really means making the right decisions under significant, yet potentially calculable, uncertainty. Whether you are a small independent or a large state-owned oil company, you face many of the same problems—only the scale or magnitude is different. In our industry, we face more than our fair share of uncertainties in managing assets. Those "unknowns" are pervasive throughout the many aspects of oil and gas exploration. A few of the more significant ones are as follows:Geological (structure)Petrophysical (rock properties)Drilling successEffectiveness of completionsDrive mechanism (recovery efficiency)Political (country risk)Contractual complexities and reversionsTiming of first oil for new developmentsImpact of weatherProduct price This set of uncertainties obviously comprises a nonexhaustive list of the many factors that should enter into the review and planning processes. In spite of the unknowns that complicate our work, we still need to make decisions—decisions that are made to maximize true asset and/or shareholder value. As engineers, we can help to make those decisions the correct ones by providing decision makers with as much relevant information as possible, along with the appropriate risks and uncertainties associated with that information. Many times, we make less-than-optimal decisions because of a lack of desired information. However, we continuously strive to make the best decisions possible on the basis of the data at hand. The papers highlighted in this segment should help illustrate some ways that others are reducing uncertainty to help make their decisions the correct ones. In addition, some of the referenced papers help provide guidance and consistency in the reserves-estimation process. Ultimately, that type of consistency will reduce the uncertainties of asset valuation and improve asset management. Reserves/Asset Management additional reading available at the SPE eLibrary: www.spe.org SPE 107709 "Beyond Portfolio Optimization" by L.C. Faya, Constellation Energy Commodities Group, et al. SPE 109012 "Reservoir-Management Aspects of the Rejuvenation of the Forties Field, UKCS" by Owen Vaughan, SPE, Apache Corporation, et al. SPE 110617 "Methods for Incorporating Costs, Pricing, Gas Shrinkage and Transport Tariffs, NGL and Inert Revenues, and Working Interest in Gas Plants and LNG Projects Into Reserves Estimates" by John McLaughlin, SPE, Ryder Scott Company, et al.
Pressure dependence of electronic states in secondary explosives. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Mobile contextual mashup service for IMS (2008)

The Web 2.0 paradigm is all about the development of applications and content at the edge of the network by anyone. This ldquowisdom of the crowdrdquo type of activity resulted in a large number of applications being introduced in short time frames utilizing the telecom network as a ldquodumb piperdquo. However, IMS may open up the business opportunities for the cellular operators where they can take advantage of the openness of APIs offered by Web 2.0 dot-coms and still offer the flexible call control features of IMS. Thus, convergence of Web 2.0, mashups and IMS call control features have suddenly become a viable business model that will benefit the end users, cellular operators and application service providers at the same time. Rapid deployment of IMS can certainly be enhanced by successful blending of mashups and built-in features of IMS such as security, authentication, and quality of service. However, there is a lack of existing use case scenarios and experimental validation of supporting various web 2.0 applications over IMS. In this paper, we provide such a framework that helps to blend these two and highlight the lessons learned from the prototyping effort. We believe this framework and analysis of the results obtained from this experiment will be illuminating to cellular operators who plan to deploy IMS infrastructure and offer mash-up type services as well. A new type of service called ldquocontextualrdquo mashup is also described.
Preclinical Activity of the Liposomal Cisplatin Lipoplatin in Ovarian Cancer (2014)

These preclinical data suggest that lipoplatin has potential for clinical assessment in aggressive cisplatin-resistant patients with ovarian cancer.
Translational research on molecular markers in gastric cancer patients treated with adjuvant therapy (Italian Intergroup Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach-ITACA-S Trial). (2015)

e15016 Background: Nowadays, no biomarkers are available to drive the treatment decision-making in patients (pts) with radically resected gastric cancer (GC), moreover the role of genes mutations in gastric carcinogenesis and their correlation with clinical outcomes are not fully defined. The aim of this translational study is to evaluate the correlation of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), E-cadherin (CDH1), B-catenine, osteopontin (OPN) expression and PIK3CA, KRAS/BRAF mutations with pathological disease stage, relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in pts recruited in the ITACA-S trial. The choice of these factors derived from the strong correlation of all the markers with H. Pylori infection. Methods: From 23 ITACA-S study recruiting centers, we collected 346 primary GC samples of pts radically resected for GC stratified by treatment arms and by the presence/absence of disease relapse. Multivariable analyses of RFS and OS were performed using Cox models. Results: Among the immunoistochemichal markers, OPN and E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with RFS and OS (p <0.001; 0.017and p = 0.003 and 0.001 respectively). The expression of ß-catenin showed a trend for association with RFS and a significant correlation with OS (p = 0.054; 0.009). At multivariable Cox model analysis, only OPN was independently associated with outcome. COX-2 not significantly associated with RFS and OS; conversely no mutation of PIK3CA, KRAS and BRAF were observed. HP positivity were documented in 28% of samples. Conclusions: The results suggest that OPN overexpression is an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS in radically resected GC. The lack PI3K KRAS and BRAF mutation exclude any strong correlation with HP infection. The study was supported in part by AIRC grant
Abstract IA018: Reading and writing extrachromosomal DNA (2022)

Abstract Cancer patients face an extraordinary challenge when oncogenes unleash themselves from chromosomes. Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) are large, megabase-sized circular episomes containing oncogenes and regulatory DNA elements. EcDNAs have a remarkable transcriptional advantage and rapidly change copy number–a moving target driving accelerated evolution in cancer. We present a method for targeted purification of megabase-sized ecDNA by combining in-vitro CRISPR-Cas9 treatment and pulsed field gel electrophoresis of agarose-entrapped genomic DNA (CRISPR-CATCH). Targeted purification of ecDNA versus chromosomal DNA enabled phasing of genetic variants and provided definitive proof of oncogenic mutations exclusively on ecDNAs, discovery of ecDNA-specific demethylation with single molecule resolution, and accurate reconstruction of megabase- sized ecDNA structures with base-pair resolution. We model and test the impact of non-chromosomal oncogene inheritance—random identity by descent—on ecDNA on variation and selection. Integrating mathematical modeling, unbiased image analysis, CRISPR-based ecDNA generation, and live-cell imaging, we identify a set of basic “rules” for how random ecDNA inheritance drives oncogene copy number and distribution, resulting in extensive intratumoral ecDNA copy number heterogeneity and rapid adaptation to metabolic stress and targeted cancer treatment. These new tool kits for reading and writing ecDNAs promise to unravel the genetic and epigenetic landscapes of ecDNA biogenesis, dynamics, and function. Citation Format: Howard Y. Chang. Reading and writing extrachromosomal DNA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Epigenomics; 2022 Oct 6-8; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(23 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA018.
Control of muscle formation by the fusogenic micropeptide myomixer (2017)

Skeletal muscle formation occurs through fusion of myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers. From a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) loss-of-function screen for genes required for myoblast fusion and myogenesis, we discovered an 84-amino acid muscle-specific peptide that we call Myomixer. Myomixer expression coincides with myoblast differentiation and is essential for fusion and skeletal muscle formation during embryogenesis. Myomixer localizes to the plasma membrane, where it promotes myoblast fusion and associates with Myomaker, a fusogenic membrane protein. Myomixer together with Myomaker can also induce fibroblast-fibroblast fusion and fibroblast-myoblast fusion. We conclude that the Myomixer-Myomaker pair controls the critical step in myofiber formation during muscle development.
Enhancing biological efficacy and rainfastness of foliar applied calcium chloride solutions by addition of rapeseedoil surfactants (2002)

The efficacy of a homologous series of biodegradable rapeseedoil derivatives (triglyceride ethoxylates; Agnique RSO® series, Cognis, Düsseldorf, Germany) with an average of 5, 10, 30, and 60 units of ethylene oxide (EO) as adjuvants for foliar-applied calcium chloride (CaCl2) was evaluated in Malus domestica L. Borkh. Previous experiments revealed that the surfactants used are not phytotoxic. All the surfactants applied decreased contact angles of spray solutions. The lipophilic surfactants RSO 5 and RSO 10 reduced contact angles more than the hydrophilic ones. Drying time of spray droplets was most prolonged when RSO 5 was added. Our data provide evidence that the most lipophilic surfactant RSO 5 can enhance Ca penetration, which was shown in isolated cuticles of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Panovy) as a model system. The surfactant effect was most pronounced during the first 4 h and reached a plateau after 24 h. Rainfastness of Ca on surfaces of Malus domestica leaves was improved when RSO 5 was added to CaCl2 spray solutions. All surfactants applied improved rainfastness of Ca on ’︁Braeburn’ fruit surfaces compared to the treatment with CaCl2 alone. Under field conditions, leaf/fruit application of CaCl2/RSO 5 led to an increased Ca content in ’︁Braeburn’ apple fruits and a reduced bitter pit incidence. Steigerung der biologischen Wirksamkeit und Regenfestigkeit von blattapplizierten Calciumchloridlösungen durch Zusatz von Rapsölethoxylaten Die biologische Wirksamkeit von blattapplizierten Calciumchlorid (CaCl2)-Lösungen unter Zusatz einer homologen Reihe von Rapsölethoxylaten mit 5, 10, 30 und 60 Ethylenoxid(EO)-Einheiten (Triglyceridethoxylate; Agnique RSO® Serie, Cognis, Düsseldorf, Germany) wurde bei Malus domestica L. Borkh. geprüft. Vorhergehende Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass die Rapsölethoxylate in der angewandten Konzentration nicht phytotoxisch sind. Alle verwendeten Tenside minderten die Kontaktwinkel der Spritzlösung. Dieser Effekt war bei Zusatz von Rapsölethoxylaten mit kurzen EO-Einheiten (RSO 5, RSO 10) stärker als bei Zusatz von lipophilen Tensiden. Die Trocknungszeiten wurden am stärksten bei Verwendung des kurzkettigen Tensids RSO 5 verlängert. Die Penetration von Ca durch isolierte Tomatenfruchtkutikeln (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Panovy) konnte durch Zusatz des lipophileren Tensids RSO 5 gesteigert werden. Die Penetration war während der ersten vier Stunden nach der Applikation am höchsten und erreichte nach 24 h ein Plateau. Die Regenfestigkeit von blattappliziertem Ca wurde nach Applikation von CaCl2 unter Zugabe des Tensids RSO 5 an Apfelsämlingen ebenfalls deutlich erhöht. Alle angewandten Tenside erhöhten die Regenfestigkeit von Ca auf Fruchtoberflächen von ,Braeburn’︁-Früchten deutlich im Vergleich zu einer Applikation von CaCl2 allein. Freilandversuche ergaben erhöhte Ca-Gehalte in ,Braeburn’︁-Früchten und ein vermindertes Auftreten der Stippigkeit an Apfelfrüchten nach Blatt- und Frucht-Applikationen von CaCl2 unter Zusatz von RSO 5.
From Enel’s Origins to the Regulatory Shake-up (1962–1996) (2013)

The first ten years of Enel’s existence were inextricably tied to the history of industry and social development in Italy. On 27 November 1962, under the IV Fanfani government, parliament approved the measure to nationalize the country’s power system. The decision came after a long debate that had involved parliament, the press, public opinion and the industrial community.
Foxa2, a novel protein partner of the tumour suppressor menin, is deregulated in mouse and human MEN1 glucagonomas (2017)

Abstract Foxa2, known as one of the pioneer factors, plays a crucial role in islet development and endocrine functions. Its expression and biological functions are regulated by various factors, including, in particular, insulin and glucagon. However, its expression and biological role in adult pancreatic α‐cells remain elusive. In the current study, we showed that Foxa2 was overexpressed in islets from α‐cell‐specific Men1 mutant mice, at both the transcriptional level and the protein level. More importantly, immunostaining analyses showed its prominent nuclear accumulation, specifically in α‐cells, at a very early stage after Men1 disruption. Similar nuclear FOXA2 expression was also detected in a substantial proportion (12/19) of human multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 ( MEN1 ) glucagonomas. Interestingly, our data revealed an interaction between Foxa2 and menin encoded by the Men1 gene. Furthermore, using several approaches, we demonstrated the relevance of this interaction in the regulation of two tested Foxa2 target genes, including the autoregulation of the Foxa2 promoter by Foxa2 itself. The current study establishes menin, a novel protein partner of Foxa2, as a regulator of Foxa2, the biological functions of which extend beyond the pancreatic endocrine cells. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Improving regression testing in continuous integration development environments (keynote) (2018)

In continuous integration development environments, software engineers frequently integrate new or changed code with the mainline codebase. Merged code is then regression tested to help ensure that the codebase remains stable and that continuing engineering efforts can be performed more reliably. Continuous integration is advantageous because it can reduce the amount of code rework that is needed in later phases of development, and speed up overall development time. From a testing standpoint, however, continuous integration raises several challenges.
HIV Proviral DNA Associated With Decreased Neuropsychological Function (2007)

The authors previously found a strong association between elevated HIV proviral DNA (HIV DNA) and a diagnosis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) vs. normal cognition.It is unclear whether HIV DNA globally affects the diagnosis of HAD or whether the effect is limited to individual neuropsychological deficits.This exploratory study examined baseline HIV DNA and its association with individual neuropsychological deficits.HIV DNA was significantly associated with baseline neuropsychological deficits independent of age, ethnicity, IQ, and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels.However, HIV DNA did not predict future changes in neuropsychological deficits.The data suggest that HIV DNA and neuropsychological deficits may co-vary over time.Progress in understanding the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia continues to be made, but details on how the neuropathogenic pathways interact with each other are not completely understood.1-6 By identifying key elements involved in HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) pathogenesis, we may be able to target interventions to treat or prevent it.Recently, we performed a cross-sectional study and found an association between circulating HIV-1 proviral DNA (HIV DNA) levels and HAD, independent of plasma HIV-1 RNA levels.7 This remains the only prior investigation of the association between HIV DNA and HAD.
Zinc-Induced Deoximation of α,α′-Dioxo-Type Oximes and Oxime Ethers Leading to α,β-Diketo Esters (2004)

Abstract The deoximation of a variety of α,α′-dioxo-type oximes and oxime ethers was achieved under mild conditions using zinc/AcOH, which gave good yields of α,β-diketo esters.
Connectivity-based and Boundary-Free Skeleton Extraction in Sensor Networks (2012)

In sensor networks, skeleton (also known as medial axis) extraction is recognized as an appealing approach to support many applications such as load-balanced routing and location free segmentation. Existing solutions in the literature rely heavily on the identified boundaries, which puts limitations on the applicability of the skeleton extraction algorithm. In this paper, we conduct the first work of a connectivity-based and boundary free skeleton extraction scheme, in sensor networks. In detail, we propose a simple, distributed and scalable algorithm that correctly identifies a few skeleton nodes and connects them into a meaningful representation of the network, without reliance on any constraint on communication radio model or boundary information. The key idea of our algorithm is to exploit the necessary (but not sufficient) condition of skeleton points: the intersection area of the disk centered at a skeleton point x should be the largest one as compared to other points on the chord generated by x, where the chord is referred to as the line segment connecting x and the tangent point in the boundary. To that end, we present the concept of \epsilon-centrality of a point, quantitatively measuring how "central" a point is. Accordingly, a skeleton point should have the largest value of \epsilon-centrality as compared to other points on the chord generated by this point. Our simulation results show that the proposed algorithm works well even for networks with low node density or skewed nodal distribution, etc. In addition, we obtain two by-products, the boundaries and the segmentation result of the network.
The Expulsion Fuse (1932)

The general theory of extinction of a-c. arcs is reviewed. The expulsion fuse is stated to depend upon the gas blast produced by rapid decomposition of fuse tube material under the heat of the arc. Comparison of interrupting capacities of a soapstone fuse tube and a fiber fuse tube supports this view. The effectiveness of the gas blast is stated to be due to the high degree of turbulence it introduces into the confined arc space. The theory of the action of such turbulence is discussed. Data are given as to the composition and volume of gas ejected from a fiber fuse tube. The voltage interrupting capacity vs. ampere characteristics as obtained experimentally, are given for a fiber tube, and a boric acid lined tube. The curves for boric acid lie much higher than for fiber. The characteristics were found to depen dvery materially on the number of half cycles of arcing. Reasons are given for the shape of the characteristics, and their dependence on length of arcing time. Data are given showing the effect of variation in size and shape of the tube section. The design problem is discussed of obtaining sufficiently large voltage interrupting capacity at smaller currents without the development of excessive pressures or unmanageably large volumes of flame at large currents. The use of flame suppressors for deionizing the issuing flame is mentioned.
Progress Toward an In Vivo Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Glucose Sensor (2008)

We show successful use of the SERS glucose sensor in rats, making it the first in vivo SERS sensor. Furthermore, we demonstrate free space transdermal detection of a SERS signal through the rat's skin as an initial step toward developing a transcutaneous sensor.
Preparação e caracterização de vidros de fluoretos ZBLAN (1991)

- 
Most of current interest in Heavy Metal Fluoride Glasses is due to their transmission properties in the infrared, which make them good candidates for long haul fiberoptics, lenses, windows and lasers. Some physical properties of ZBLAN glasses were studied. Vickers microhardness tests were performed with different loads and the region where microhardness was independent on the load was determined. The elastic constants of glasses heat treated or not were determined by ultrasonic method and no substancial change was observed after treatment.
The Importance of Tau Phosphorylation for Neurodegenerative Diseases (2013)

Fibrillar deposits of highly phosphorylated tau are a key pathological feature of several neurodegenerative tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and some frontotemporal dementias. Increasing evidence suggests that the presence of these end-stage neurofibrillary lesions do not cause neuronal loss, but rather that alterations to soluble tau proteins induce neurodegeneration. In particular, aberrant tau phosphorylation is acknowledged to be a key disease process, influencing tau structure, distribution, and function in neurons. Although typically described as a cytosolic protein that associates with microtubules and regulates axonal transport, several additional functions of tau have recently been demonstrated, including roles in DNA stabilization, and synaptic function. Most recently, studies examining the trans-synaptic spread of tau pathology in disease models have suggested a potential role for extracellular tau in cell signaling pathways intrinsic to neurodegeneration. Here we review the evidence showing that tau phosphorylation plays a key role in neurodegenerative tauopathies. We also comment on the tractability of altering phosphorylation-dependent tau functions for therapeutic intervention in AD and related disorders.
[New therapeutic approaches to arterial hypertension]. (1982)

Today two largely new approaches are available for the treatment of clinical hypertension. First, captopril, an orally active angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, makes possible chronic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. This compound, given alone or in combination with a diuretic, normalizes the blood pressure of most hypertensive patients. Unfortunately, because captopril may induce serious adverse effects the use of this inhibitor must be restricted to patients with high blood pressure refractory to conventional antihypertensive drugs. Second, compounds such as verapamil and nifedipine are capable of producing a marked vasodilating effect by inhibiting the entry of calcium into the vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the role of calcium channel blockers in the treatment of hypertensive disease awaits more precise definition.
Robust holistic architecture for smart power systems (2018)

This paper describes a new robust architecture, which is based on a holistic approach. It is an architecture of power systems in which all relevant components like electricity producer and storage (both regardless of the technology and size), grid (regardless of voltage level), customer and market, are merged into one single structure. It unifies all interactions within the power system itself and between it and market thus creating the possibility to harmonize them.