gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Annelides. 7. Discotic mesophases obtained from substituted metallophthalocyanines. Toward liquid crystalline one-dimensional conductors (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnnelides. 7. Discotic mesophases obtained from substituted metallophthalocyanines. Toward liquid crystalline one-dimensional conductorsChristian Piechocki, Jacques Simon, Antoine Skoulios, Daniel Guillon, and Patrick WeberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 19, 5245–5247Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00383a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00383a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views777Altmetric-Citations441LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Capacity of the Gaussian Two-Hop Full-Duplex Relay Channel with Residual\n Self-Interference (2015)

In this paper, we investigate the capacity of the Gaussian two-hop\nfull-duplex (FD) relay channel with residual self-interference. This channel is\ncomprised of a source, an FD relay, and a destination, where a direct\nsource-destination link does not exist and the FD relay is impaired by residual\nself-interference. We adopt the worst-case linear self-interference model with\nrespect to the channel capacity, and model the residual self-interference as a\nGaussian random variable whose variance depends on the amplitude of the\ntransmit symbol of the relay. For this channel, we derive the capacity and\npropose an explicit capacity-achieving coding scheme. Thereby, we show that the\noptimal input distribution at the source is Gaussian and its variance depends\non the amplitude of the transmit symbol of the relay. On the other hand, the\noptimal input distribution at the relay is discrete or Gaussian, where the\nlatter case occurs only when the relay-destination link is the bottleneck link.\nThe derived capacity converges to the capacity of the two-hop ideal FD relay\nchannel without self-interference and to the capacity of the two-hop\nhalf-duplex (HD) relay channel in the limiting cases when the residual\nself-interference is zero and infinite, respectively. Our numerical results\nshow that significant performance gains are achieved with the proposed\ncapacity-achieving coding scheme compared to the achievable rates of\nconventional HD relaying and/or conventional FD relaying.\n
Dehydrogenation of 5,6-Dihydropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones: A Convenient Last Step for a Synthesis of Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones (2010)

Two new protocols for the dehydrogenation of 5,6-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones to pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)--ones are described.The first one uses NaH in DMSO an affords the corresponding pyridopyrimidines when an aryl substituent is present at C6.The second one is of a more general use, allowing dehydrogenation of aryl and alkyl substituted 5,6-dihydropyridopyrimdines upon treatment with Na 2 SeO 3 in DMSO.
Methods and Challenges for the Practical Application of Crit-Line™ Monitor Utilization in Patients on Hemodialysis (2015)

The Crit-Line™ monitor measures relative changes in intravascular blood volume during hemodialysis. The device is also used to monitor hematocrit and oxygen saturation. Using this device to decrease fluid volume has yielded inconsistent results on outcome measures such as hospitalization rates, erythropoietin utilization, and blood pressure reduction. Through a year-long deployment of the Crit-Line™ monitor, the Renal Research Institute (RRI) has shown that outcomes can be improved even in a busy dialysis clinic with attention to the details of how the device is utilized. In this paper, we are proposing areas of focus and methods that if properly implemented should yield improved clinical outcomes. Strong physician approval and enthusiasm coupled with clinical staff support have been shown to be vital to the success of this device in improving clinical outcomes. Even in this setting, inadequately and improperly trained staff have been identified as almost insurmountable impediments to adequate Crit-Line™ use. Our studies have shown that in facilities where staff turnover is high, procedures must be implemented to engage and train new staff immediately upon their arrival on the dialysis floor. Other issues that may lead to improper use of the Crit-Line™ monitor include incorrect target weight assessments, failure of staff to properly monitor patients during the treatment, and the over dependency of saline administration for cramps.
ROLE OF REGULATORY CELLS DEVELOPING IN PORCINE THYMUS GRAFTS IN TOLERANCE TO BOTH HOST AND DONOR ANTIGENS (1998)

39 Specific tolerance to xenogeneic porcine donors and immune reconstitution can be achieved by grafting fetal pig thymic and liver tissue (FP THY/LIV) to T/NK cell-depleted, thymectomized (ATX) immunocompetent mice. Efficient intrathymic deletion of T cells with Vβ families which react with host superantigens or with a transgenic TCR that recognizes host MHC antigens is observed in FP THY grafts. Thus, negative selection of mouse thymocytes occurs upon recognition of host antigens in FP THY grafts. However, some of these mice (<5%) eventually develop an autoimmune-like disease, as indicated by clinical signs, such as weight loss, GVHD-like changes in the skin, and pathological examination. After adoptive transfer of CD4+ cells from these ill-appearing FP THY-grafted ATX B6 mice with B6 bone marrow cells to secondary lethally irradiated syngeneic B6 mice, the secondary recipients developed similar clinical signs, demonstrating that CD4+ cells play a key role in this phenomenon. Furthermore, adding naive syngeneic splenocytes to these inocula reduced the severity of illness in secondary recipients, suggesting that the absence of suppressor cells, which are present in normal mice, may be a cause of the autoimmune syndrome. The late failure of host-specific tolerance in a small fraction of mice correlates with a loss of graft function, suggesting an intrathymic origin for cells that suppress autoimmunity. On the other hand, mouse CD4+ cells from healthy FP THY/LIV-grafted BALB/c mice had the ability to suppress anti-pig responses of naive T cells. BALB/c nude mice that received naive BALB/c splenocytes i.p. rejected pig skin grafts with median survival time (MST) of 22.5 days. The co-transfer, with naive spleen cells, of tolerant splenocytes from FP THY/LIV-grafted BALB/c nude mice prolonged donor pig skin graft survival to a MST of 32.5 days (p<0.01). These studies suggest that mouse regulatory cells developing in discordant xenogeneic FP THY grafts play a role in the tolerance to donor antigens, and possibly to host antigens.
110th Anniversary: Synthesis of Plasmonic Silica-Coated TiN Particles (2019)

Titanium nitride is emerging as an alternative plasmonic nanomaterial to costly (e.g., Au) or potentially toxic (e.g., Ag) noble metals. So TiN is most promising as replacement for Au-based nanostructures in photothermal cancer therapy due to its localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the desired near-infrared region (750–900 nm). In such biological applications, a SiO2 surface is most desirable as it enables easy functionalization with specific moieties. Here, TiN nanoparticles coated with SiO2 films of precisely controlled thickness are prepared by nitridation of flame-made monocrystalline SiO2-coated TiO2 particles (∼40 nm in crystal size). The average SiO2 thickness and polydispersity are obtained by microscopy and are in good agreement with those from fluid-particle dynamic simulations. The coating quality is assessed by photocatalysis of methylene blue by SiO2-coated and -mixed (co-oxidized) TiO2 particles. Nitridation results in polycrystalline TiN (∼20 nm) and proceeds from the particle surface inward even through the most hermetically coated (∼7 nm in SiO2 thickness) particles as determined by microscopy and elemental mapping. A photothermally optimal SiO2 shell thickness of a couple of nanometers, however, is found and attributed to plasmonic decoupling and stoichiometry of the constituent TiN particles. The biocompatibility of these particles was excellent as assessed with THP-1 monocytes.
Support for Multicast over UNI 3.0/3.1 based ATM Networks (1996)

Mapping the connectionless IP multicast service over the connection oriented ATM services provided by UNI 3.0/3.1 is a non-trivial task. This memo describes a mechanism to support the multicast needs of Layer 3 protocols in general, and describes its application to IP multicasting in particular.
Spaceflight induces changes in splenocyte subpopulations: effectiveness of ground-based models (2000)

Spaceflight produces changes in the immune system. The mechanisms for the alterations in immune function after spaceflight remain unclear due in part to the difficulties associated with conducting spaceflight research. The purpose of the following studies, therefore, was to create a ground-based protocol that can reproduce the immunological changes found after spaceflight, i.e., changes in splenic lymphocyte populations. Rats were exposed to either flight aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavor (STS-77) or ground-based simulations of various components of the spaceflight experience. The ground-based mock spaceflight was comprised of exposure to launch and landing loads and unloading of the hindlimbs. In addition, each component of this ground-based mock spaceflight was tested separately. The results were that spaceflight reduced splenic CD4(+) T (helper/inducer) cells and CD11b(+) (neutrophils/macrophages) cells. The ground-based simulations of spaceflight did not reproduce the same pattern of splenocyte changes. In fact, exposure to landing loads alone increased splenic CD4(+) T (helper/inducer) cells. These findings support the conclusion that the ground models tested did not induce similar changes in the immune system as did spaceflight. It is possible, therefore, that stressors/factors unique to the spaceflight experience impact the immune system in ways that cannot be currently, fully modeled on the ground.
N-Aminoimidazole Derivatives Inhibiting Retroviral Replication via a Yet Unidentified Mode of Action (2003)

The synthesis of a series of N-aminoimidazoles (NAIMs) with an uncommon spectrum of antiretroviral activity is described. From a group of 60 closely related molecules, we were able to subdivide the molecules in different groups based on their anti-HIV and anti-SIV activity in vitro: (i) molecules acting on a new, immediate postintegration step, (ii) molecules acting on both postintegration and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) as NNRTI, and (iii) molecules that mainly act at the HIV-1 RT according to an NNRTI-type mode of action.
Evolutionary Significance of Predation on Sexually Signalling Males (1982)

There are several very good reasons why courtship displays should not exist at all. Firstly, they render the animal performing them conspicuous, and therefore may attract predators. Secondly, they are usually performed with such intensity that they not only attract predators, but also claim the attention of the displaying animal to such a degree as to make it particularly vulnerable to attack from predators . (Morris 1956)
Chronic epithelial NF-κB activation accelerates APC loss and intestinal tumor initiation through iNOS up-regulation (2012)

The role of NF-κB activation in tumor initiation has not been thoroughly investigated. We generated Ikkβ(EE)(IEC) transgenic mice expressing constitutively active IκB kinase β (IKKβ) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Despite absence of destructive colonic inflammation, Ikkβ(EE)(IEC) mice developed intestinal tumors after a long latency. However, when crossed to mice with IEC-specific allelic deletion of the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) tumor suppressor locus, Ikkβ(EE)(IEC) mice exhibited more β-catenin(+) early lesions and visible small intestinal and colonic tumors relative to Apc(+/ΔIEC) mice, and their survival was severely compromised. IEC of Ikkβ(EE)(IEC) mice expressed high amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and elevated DNA damage markers and contained more oxidative DNA lesions. Treatment of Ikkβ(EE)(IEC)/Apc(+/ΔIEC) mice with an iNOS inhibitor decreased DNA damage markers and reduced early β-catenin(+) lesions and tumor load. The results suggest that persistent NF-κB activation in IEC may accelerate loss of heterozygocity by enhancing nitrosative DNA damage.
The Human Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR) Subtype NUC1 Represses the Activation of hPPARα and Thyroid Hormone Receptors (1995)

We have cloned two human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes, hPPAR alpha and hNUC1. hPPAR alpha is activated by clofibric acid and other PPAR activators. hNUC1 is not activated by these compounds acting instead as a repressor of hPPAR alpha and human thyroid hormone receptor transcriptional activation. Repression is specific since hNUC1 does not significantly repress activation by the progesterone or retinoic acid receptors. We demonstrate co-operative binding of hNUC1 and hRXR alpha to a PPAR-responsive element and show that in the presence of hRXR alpha, the affinity of hNUC1 for the peroxisome proliferator is comparable to that of hPPAR alpha. Furthermore, repression of hPPAR alpha can be overcome by transfecting excess hPPAR alpha. We propose that hNUC1 represses the activity of hPPAR alpha by titrating out a factor required for activation. Our data further suggests convergence of thyroid hormone- and peroxisome-mediated fatty acid metabolism pathways. Overcoming hNUC1 repression could be a means of increasing the activity of these receptors.
Modern Phase-Specific Management of Acute Pancreatitis (2003)

The management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis has changed significantly over the past years. In contrast to the early surgical intervention of the past, there is now a strong tendency towards a more conservative approach. Initially, severe acute pancreatitis is characterized by the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Early management is non-surgically and solely supportive. A specific treatment still does not exist. In cases of necrotizing disease, prophylactic antibiotics should be applied to reduce late septic complications. Today, more patients survive the first phase of severe pancreatitis due to improvements of intensive care medicine, thus increasing the risk of later sepsis. Pancreatic infection is the major risk factor with regard to morbidity and mortality in the second phase of severe acute pancreatitis. Whereas early surgery and surgery for sterile necrosis can only be recommended in selected cases, pancreatic infection is a well-accepted indication for surgical treatment in the second phase of the disease. Surgery should ideally be postponed until 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms, as necrosis is well demarcated at that time. Three surgical techniques can be performed with comparable results regarding mortality: necrosectomy combined with the (1) open packing technique, (2) planned staged relaparotomies with repeated lavage, or (3) closed continuous lavage of the retroperitoneum. However, the latter method seems to be associated with the lowest morbidity compared to the other approaches.
Role of lateral inhibition in determining the shape of the contrast transducer function (1986)

The ratio of inhibition to excitation in visual re­sponse changes as a function of spatial frequency. The ratio varies from ~1.0 at low spatial frequencies to 0 by ~10 cycles/deg. Therefore, the effect of lateral inhibition on the shape of the contrast transducer function can be investigated by varying spatial frequency and masking contrast. We examined this hypothesis by presenting brief contrast increments in 0° phase to a steady back­ground grating having the same spatial frequency as the test grating. We explored the effects of spatial frequency across a 6-octave range, masking contrasts across a 7-octave range, and short and long stimulus durations on the contrast masking function. A 2 AFC procedure was used to measure the contrast threshold. The shape of the contrast transducer function derived from these data changed significantly as the spatial frequency of the test and background gratings varied from O. 25 to 20 cycles/deg. The results can be interpreted to imply that the contrast transducer pre­cedes the site of lateral inhibition.
Reduced number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with aortic valve stenosis: a novel concept for valvular endothelial cell repair (2008)

Reduced regenerative capacity of valvular ECs due to senescence and decreased levels of EPCs might be, at least in part, a pathological link for the destruction of valvular ECs, resulting in progression of degenerative AS.
Transrectal electroejaculation combined with in-vitro fertilization: effective treatment of anejaculatory infertility due to spinal cord injury (1997)

Infertility due to spinal cord injury (SCI) in young men is a frequent complication of their injury. When the simpler methods of management of the erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction that invariably follow the more severe types of SCI are not effective, then semen production by transrectal electroejaculation (TREE) combined with in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer is effective. A retrospective analysis is presented of data on the treatment and outcome of 35 couples who wished to have a family but in whom the male partner had suffered SCI. These 35 couples had 71 attempts at IVF with spermatozoa obtained following TREE. Normal fertilization and cleavage of the embryos occurred in 48.2% of the oocytes. Fresh embryos were transferred in 54 cycles and frozen-thawed embryos in 14 cycles. In all, 18 clinical pregnancies were achieved in 54 fresh and 14 frozen embryo transfer cycles, with a live birth rate of 16.5% (14/85) per treatment cycle started, 20.6% (14/68) per transfer cycle and 40.0% (14/35) per couple who started treatment, in a mean of 1.9 transfer cycles. We conclude that TREE combined with IVF and embryo transfer is an effective treatment for the infertility problems associated with SCI.
Developmentally regulated H2Av buffering via dynamic sequestration to lipid droplets in Drosophila embryos (2018)

Regulating nuclear histone balance is essential for survival, yet in early <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> embryos many regulatory strategies employed in somatic cells are unavailable. Previous work had suggested that lipid droplets (LDs) buffer nuclear accumulation of the histone variant H2Av. Here, we elucidate the buffering mechanism and demonstrate that it is developmentally controlled. Using live imaging, we find that H2Av continuously exchanges between LDs. Our data suggest that the major driving force for H2Av accumulation in nuclei is H2Av abundance in the cytoplasm and that LD binding slows nuclear import kinetically, by limiting this cytoplasmic pool. Nuclear H2Av accumulation is indeed inversely regulated by overall buffering capacity. Histone exchange between LDs abruptly ceases during the midblastula transition, presumably to allow canonical regulatory mechanisms to take over. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for the emerging role of LDs as regulators of protein homeostasis and demonstrate that LDs can control developmental progression.
Imaging neural signatures of consciousness: 'what', 'when', 'where' and 'how' does it work? (2013)

'What' do we call consciousness? 'When' and 'Where' in the brain do conscious states occur, and 'How' conscious processing and conscious access to a given content work? In the present paper, we present a non-exhaustive overview of each of these 4 major issues, we provide the reader with a brief description of the major difficulties related to these issues, we highlight the current theoretical points of debate, and we advocate for the explanatory power of the "global workspace" model of consciousness (Baars 1989; Dehaene and Naccache 2001; Dehaene, Changeux et al. 2006) which can accommodate for a fairly large proportion of current experimental findings, and which can be used to reinterpret apparent contradictory findings within a single theoretical framework. Most notably, we emphasize the crucial importance to distinguish genuine neural signatures of conscious access from neural events correlated with consciousness but occurring either before ('upstream') or after ('downstream').
Unilateral neuromodulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus of the rat through deep brain stimulation (2010)

This study offers evidence that long-term deep brain stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) can alter weight gain in mammals without affecting feeding behavior. Animals stimulated unilaterally at high frequencies of 150 or 500 Hz demonstrated increased CO(2) production that decreased from prestimulation levels after the stimulation was removed. Animals stimulated for up to 6 weeks gained weight at a lower rate than normal animals or animals implanted with an electrode but not stimulated. Stimulated animals exhibited normal food and water consumption. A significant decrease in efficiency was observed during stimulation that coincided with an increase in the amount of feces produced. Whereas the weight of control animals was significantly different from week to week, the weight of stimulated animals did not change accordingly. These data suggest that the VMH may be a viable target for long-term deep brain stimulation for modulation of the neural mechanisms of metabolism. The potential therapeutic effects of deep brain stimulation of the hypothalamus are discussed.
A literature survey on indicators for characterisation and optimisation of SAR distributions in deep hyperthermia, a plea for standardisation (2009)

From the correlation of the SAR indicators with tumour temperature, a preferred set of SAR indicators is derived: For target heating, 'average SAR ratio', 'Hotspot-target SAR ratio', and 'homogeneity coefficient' provide suitable objective criteria, while for hotspot reduction, 'Hotspot-target SAR ratio' is considered the most useful indicator. For optimisation procedures, 'Hotspot-target SAR ratio' is currently the most suitable objective function.
Immunomodulation by Adenoviral-Mediated SCD40-Ig Gene Therapy for Mouse Allogeneic Islet Transplantation (2007)

These results demonstrate that local inhibition of the CD40-CD40L pathway by adenoviral gene transfer of sCD40-Ig to the islets prior to transplant significantly prolonged islet allograft acceptance. This approach could be used clinically to facilitate islet transplantation.
Personalization in HRI (2012)

Creating and sustaining rapport between robots and people is critical for successful robotic services. As a first step towards this goal, we explored a personalization strategy with a snack delivery robot. We designed a social robotic snack delivery service, and, for half of the participants, personalized the service based on participants' service usage and interactions with the robot. The service ran for each participant for two months. We evaluated this strategy during a 4-month field experiment. The results show that, as compared with the social service alone, adding personalized service improved rapport, cooperation, and engagement with the robot during service encounters.