gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface-Conformal Triboelectric Nanopores via Supramolecular Ternary Polymer Assembly (2020)

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is of tremendous interest owing to its high energy efficiency with a simple device architecture and applicability to various materials. Most previous topological surface modifications introduced for further improving the performance of a TENG are detrimental because they require expensive and/or harsh (e.g., high temperature and acidity) postetching processes, which limit the material choice and design of its components. Herein, we demonstrate an one-step route for developing rapid wet-processable surface-conformal triboelectric nanoporous films (STENFs). Our method is based on a simple supramolecular assembly of a ternary polymer blend suitable for various conventional solution processes such as spin-, bar-, spray-, and dip-coating. The one-step wet process of a ternary solution produces thin large-area films in which self-assembled, ordered nanopores of approximately 33 nm in diameter are developed even without an additional etching process. The study reveals that the small amount of amine-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) added to the binary blend of sulfonic-acid-terminated poly(styrene) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) efficiently activates the formation of spontaneous nanopores as a pore-generating agent. Our STENF significantly enhances the open-circuit voltage up to 1.5 times higher than that of a planar one, leading to an improved power density of approximately 77 μW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The suitability for diverse conventional coating processes offers a convenient approach for fabricating high-performance STENFs not only on flat substrates such as metals, polymers, and oxides but also on topological ones including wrinkled, roughened surfaces, textile fibers, natural leaves, and fabrics over a large area.
New inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. Peptidyl acyloxymethyl ketones and the quiescent nucleofuge strategy (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. Peptidyl acyloxymethyl ketones and the quiescent nucleofuge strategyRoger A. Smith, Leslie J. Copp, Peter J. Coles, Henry W. Pauls, Valerie J. Robinson, Robin W. Spencer, Stephen B. Heard, and Allen. KrantzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 13, 4429–4431Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00221a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00221a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Rapid Visual Tests: Fast and Reliable Detection of Ochratoxin A (2010)

This paper reviews the early detection strategies that have been employed for the rapid monitoring of ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination of food. OTA, a mycotoxin mainly produced by some Aspergillus and Penicillium species, is found in cereals, coffee, wine, pork and grapes. To minimize the entry of this mycotoxin into the food chain, rapid diagnostic tools are required. To this end, the potential use of lateral flow devices has also been developed. In this study, we analyze the robustness of test strips using published methods for colorimetric detection. Different test formats are discussed, and challenges in the development of lateral flow devices for on-site determination of OTA, with requirements such as robustness, speed, and cost-effectiveness, are discussed.
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of a Citrus Essential Oil and Its Fractions (2021)

Essential oils (EOs) from <i>Citrus</i> are the main by-product of <i>Citrus</i>-processing industries. In addition to food/beverage and cosmetic applications, citrus EOs could also potentially be used as an alternative to antibiotics in food-producing animals. A commercial citrus EO-Brazilian Orange Terpenes (BOT)-was fractionated by vacuum fractional distillation to separate BOT into various fractions: F1, F2, F3, and F4. Next, the chemical composition and biological activities of BOT and its fractions were characterized. Results showed the three first fractions had a high relative amount of limonene (≥10.86), even higher than the whole BOT. Conversely, F4 presented a larger relative amount of BOT's minor compounds (carvone, <i>cis</i>-carveol, <i>trans</i>-carveol, <i>cis</i>-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, and <i>trans</i>-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol) and a very low relative amount of limonene (0.08-0.13). Antibacterial activity results showed F4 was the only fraction exhibiting this activity, which was selective and higher activity on a pathogenic bacterium (<i>E. coli</i>) than on a beneficial bacterium (<i>Lactobacillus</i> sp.). However, F4 activity was lower than BOT. Similarly, F4 displayed the highest antioxidant activity among fractions (equivalent to BOT). These results indicated that probably those minor compounds that detected in F4 would be more involved in conferring the biological activities for this fraction and consequently for the whole BOT, instead of the major compound, limonene, playing this role exclusively.
Single-Cell Chemical Lysis in Picoliter-Scale Closed Volumes Using a Microfabricated Device (2004)

Investigating the intracellular contents of single cells is essential for understanding physiologic and pathologic processes at the cellular level. While existing protocols for cell lysis and sample preparation work well for larger samples, scaling to a single-cell level is challenging because of unavoidable analyte dilution and losses. Thus, we are proposing a microfabricated device for the controlled handling and mixing of picoliter cell suspension and lysis solution volumes. Cells and fluids are independently isolated in two microchambers of 25-pL volumes using the geometry of the microchannels and the coordinated action of four on-chip thermopneumatic actuators. Virtual walls formed by liquid-air interfaces in the hydrophobic capillary separate the two volumes, which are subsequently allowed to mix after drawing the air out of the capillary connecting the two microchambers. Following cell lysis, a limited and stable dilution of intracellular components is achieved, simplifying the requirements for subsequent analysis. Two assays at single-cell level, one for direct estimation of the intracellular concentration of a soluble dye and the other for indirect evaluation of intracellular quantities of insoluble actin, demonstrate the use of the microfabricated device for single-cell assays.
Acetate and Stearate Utilization by Lactating Cows Fed High Grain-Restricted Roughage Rations (1972)

Two lactating cows were fed normal and high grain-restricted roughage (HG-RR) rations to study ration effect on the utilization of 14C-acetate and 3H-stearate. Milk, blood, and adipose and liver tissues were analyzed for lipid labeling. The HGRR ration caused increased 14C and 3H labeling of milk and adipose lipids. Triglycerides decreased in milk lipids. Labeling by both isotopes increased in cholesterol, triglyeeride, and polar lipids when the HGRR ration was fed. Liver increased in polar lipid and decreased in free fatty acids. The relative incorporation of 14C-acetate and aH-stearate into adipose tissue and milk lipid supports the view that a principle cause of decreased milk fat production is a decreased circulating acetate and stearate pool presumably due to synthetic activities and retention of fatty acids in adipose tissue.
Efficient Phase Diagram Information and Computational Thermodynamics (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Influence of Processing Regimes on Fine-Grained Microstructure Development in an Al&ndash;Mg&ndash;Sc Alloy by Hot Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (2011)

Grain refinement during equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was studied in a commercial Al–5.8%Mg–0.3%Sc alloy at temperatures from 473 to 723 K (∼0.5–0.8Tm). The samples were quenched in water in every ECAP pass, which is a conventional cyclic process. ECAP to ε = 12 resulted in ultrafine-grained structures developed uniformly at high strains at 473 and 723 K, while processing at 573 K led to the evolution of a duplex grain structure containing partially much coarser grains. In contrast, ECAP process continuously carried out to ε = 12 without interruption at 573 K, resulted in development of a uniform ultrafine-grained structure. Effects of processing regimes on microstructural evolution in the Al–Mg–Sc alloy are discussed.
Surface and bulk composition of lithium manganese oxides (1999)

Lithium manganese oxides, and in particular the spinel-structured LiMn2O4, have been investigated as potential active cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Recently both orthorhombic and monoclinic LiMnO2 have attracted considerable attention. It has been reported that Al doping allows the preparation of monoclinic LiAlxMn1−xO2 under suitable reaction conditions, and furthermore improves the capacity retention of both o-LiAlxMn1−xO2 and m-LiAlxMn1−xO2. The aim of this study was to elucidate the structural effects of Al doping with particular attention to the surface properties of the material. X-ray diffraction data reveal that Al induces monoclinic stacking faults in orthorhombic LiAlxMn1−xO2 and at Al contents of ∼5% the preferred cation ordering becomes that of monoclinic LiAlxMn1−xO2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that the Al is homogeneously incorporated throughout the grains up to its solubility limit, and no surface enrichment of Al is observed. The XPS data indicate that Mn in the near-surface region of the material is predominantly present in its +3 oxidation state, even when annealed to temperatures of up to 250 °C. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fuzziness, uncertainty, vagueness, possibility, and probability in natural language (2014)

The paper reviews the status of fuzziness, vagueness, uncertainty, and probability in natural language with an emphasis on: aspects of natural language that pertain to each of the four phenomena; methods of their modeling and representation; computational treatment of these phenomena in natural language and information processing. The main thrust of the paper is the procedure for calculating the predominant type of uncertainty for a NL sentence.
Ribonucleotide Reductase from Euglena gracilis, a Deoxyadenosylcobalamin-dependent Enzyme (1970)

Abstract A ribonucleotide reductase requiring 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin has been detected in Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris by measuring 3H exchange from labeled coenzyme to water. Extracts were partially purified by centrifugation, dialysis, and treatment with MnCl2. These extracts catalyzed the reduction of ribonucleoside triphosphates to the corresponding deoxyribonucleotides as measured by colorimetric assay with the diphenylamine procedure. The enzyme required 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, a dithiol, and a ribonucleoside triphosphate for exchange activity and reduction. Monothiols could not replace the dithiol requirement. Ribonucleoside diphosphates were slightly active as substrates in both assay systems. Mg++, at low concentrations, did not affect the reaction; at concentrations greater than 2 mm, this ion was inhibitory. The reduction of ribonucleotides was inhibited by adding deoxyribonucleotides other than the immediate products; e.g. ATP reduction was inhibited by adding dGTP, dCTP, or dUTP, but not by dATP. dTTP inhibited the reduction of all ribonucleotides to the greatest extent. The molecular weight of this enzyme, determined by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, was approximately 145,000. Extracts of Ochromonas malhamensis and Ochromonas danica showed no activity in the 3H exchange assay under similar conditions.
Genomic organisation of plant U14 snoRNA genes (1995)

Conference Article| May 01 1995 Genomic organisation of plant U14 snoRNA genes DAVID J. LEADER; DAVID J. LEADER 1Department of Cell and Molecular Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JANE F. SANDERS; JANE F. SANDERS 1Department of Cell and Molecular Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANDREW TURNBULL-ROSS; ANDREW TURNBULL-ROSS 1Department of Cell and Molecular Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBBIE WAUGH; ROBBIE WAUGH 1Department of Cell and Molecular Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN W.S. BROWN JOHN W.S. BROWN 1Department of Cell and Molecular Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (2): 314S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023314s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID J. LEADER, JANE F. SANDERS, ANDREW TURNBULL-ROSS, ROBBIE WAUGH, JOHN W.S. BROWN; Genomic organisation of plant U14 snoRNA genes. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1995; 23 (2): 314S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023314s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Left Ventricular Gene Expression in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction—Profibrotic and Proinflammatory Pathways and Genes (2023)

The transcriptome analysis of left ventricular myocardial samples from patients with HFpEF confirms an overabundant extracellular matrix gene expression, the basis of myocardial fibrosis, without a signature of activated proinflammatory pathways or genes.
A universal formula for the accurate calculation of hydrogenic lifetimes (2005)

The quantum mechanical lifetimes of atomic hydrogenic states are shown to follow a universal curve when plotted against a simple function of their quantum numbers n and l. This universal curve is found to agree with a result derived from the correspondence principle. A simple formula which approximates the universal curve can be used to easily calculate lifetimes for all states n, l 1t o an accuracy of 400 parts per million or better. The formula is especially useful for high-n states, where the full quantum calculation is extremely difficult or even impossible to perform.
Crystal structure of the human dual specificity phosphatase 1 catalytic domain (2017)

The dual specificity phosphatase DUSP1 was the first mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase (MKP) to be identified. It dephosphorylates conserved tyrosine and threonine residues in the activation loops of mitogen activated protein kinases ERK2, JNK1 and p38-alpha. Here, we report the crystal structure of the human DUSP1 catalytic domain at 2.49 Å resolution. Uniquely, the protein was crystallized as an MBP fusion protein in complex with a monobody that binds to MBP. Sulfate ions occupy the phosphotyrosine and putative phosphothreonine binding sites in the DUSP1 catalytic domain.
Studies of Heterocyclic Compounds. XIV. Synthesis of 1-Vinylpyrazoles by Dehydrohalogenation of 1-(2-Haloethyl) pyrazoles (1978)

Heating of 3, 5-disubstituted 1-(2-hydroxyethyl) pyrazoles with 47% hydrogen bromide afforded 3, 5-disubstituted 1-(2-bromoethyl) pyrazoles. 3, 5-Dimethyl-, 3, 5-diphenyl-, 5-chloro-3-methyl-and 5-chloro-3-phenyl-1-vinylpyrazoles were synthesized by dehydrohalogenation of the corresponding 1-(2-haloethyl) pyrazoles with potassium hydroxide in ethanol. However, treatment of 1-(2-bromoethyl)-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-and-3-phenylpyrazoles under the same reaction condition afforded cyclized products ; 2, 3-dihydro-6-methyl- and-6-phenylpyrazolo [3, 2-b] oxazoles, respectively. Treatment of 5-benzoyloxy-1-(2-bromoethyl)-3-methyl-and-3-phenylpyrazoles with sodium t-butoxide in butanol furnished 5-hydroxy-3-methyl-and-3-phenyl-1-vinylpyrazoles.
Rapidly Progressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mimicking Benign Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report (2013)

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis, irrespective of the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Given that malignant PVT is a poor prognostic factor in patients with HCC, it is important to differentiate malignant PVT from benign PVT. Because malignant PVT has been reported to be contiguous with parenchymal HCC, in most cases, the presence of PVT alone indicates a benign entity. We report the case of a patient with rapid progression of malignant PVT mimicking benign PVT but without definite parenchymal HCC on imaging modalities.
Figure S5 from The Elongin BC Complex Negatively Regulates AXL and Marks a Differentiated Phenotype in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Extended data on Figure 5: Low expression of ELOB/C is associated with phenotype switching and EMT.&lt;/p&gt;
Enhancing image contrast of carbon nanotubes on cellular background using helium ion microscope by varying helium ion fluence (2017)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become an important nano entity for biomedical applications. Conventional methods of their imaging, often cannot be applied in biological samples due to an inadequate spatial resolution or poor contrast between the CNTs and the biological sample. Here we report a unique and effective detection method, which uses differences in conductivities of carbon nanotubes and HeLa cells. The technique involves the use of a helium ion microscope to image the sample with the surface charging artefacts created by the He<sup>+</sup> and neutralised by electron flood gun. This enables us to obtain a few nanometre resolution images of CNTs in HeLa Cells with high contrast, which was achieved by tailoring the He<sup>+</sup> fluence. Charging artefacts can be efficiently removed for conductive CNTs by a low amount of electrons, the fluence of which is not adequate to discharge the cell surface, resulting in high image contrast. Thus, this technique enables rapid detection of any conducting nano structures on insulating cellular background even in large fields of view and fine spatial resolution. The technique demonstrated has wider applications for researchers seeking enhanced contrast and high-resolution imaging of any conducting entity in a biological matrix - a commonly encountered issue of importance in drug delivery, tissue engineering and toxicological studies.
Mutagenic effects of 2-hydroxy-dATP on replication in a HeLa extract: induction of substitution and deletion mutations (2003)

The mutagenicity of an oxidized form of dATP, 2‐hydroxydeoxyadenosine 5′‐triphosphate (2‐OH‐dATP), was examined using an SV40 origin‐dependent in vitro replication system with a HeLa extract. 2‐OH‐dATP induced mutations in a dose‐dependent manner and elicited substitution and deletion mutations. Of the substitutions, a G·C→A·T transition including a tandem (CC→TT) mutation was mainly observed. This result agrees with our previous observation that mammalian DNA polymerase α misincorporates the oxidized nucleotide opposite C, but is in contrast to the finding that 2‐OH‐dATP elicits G·C→T·A transversions in Escherichia coli. This type of mutation was also elicited, but to a lesser extent. Interestingly, the mutagenicity of 2‐OH‐dATP was enhanced in the presence of 2‐hydroxydeoxyadenosine 5′‐diphosphate, an inhibitor of the MTH1 protein, suggesting that this protein functions in the hydrolysis of 2‐OH‐dATP in the replication reaction mixture, and probably in living cells. These results indicate that 2‐OH‐dATP is mutagenic and that its mutagenicity is suppressed by the MTH1 protein in mammalian cells.
<title>Modular FDDI bridge and concentrator</title> (1991)

ECHO is on.© (1991) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Bile Acid-Mediated Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Promotes Neuroinflammation during Hepatic Encephalopathy in Mice (2017)

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric complication that occurs due to deteriorating hepatic function and this syndrome influences patient quality of life, clinical management strategies and survival. During acute liver failure, circulating bile acids increase due to a disruption of the enterohepatic circulation. We previously identified that bile acid-mediated signaling occurs in the brain during HE and contributes to cognitive impairment. However, the influences of bile acids and their downstream signaling pathways on HE-induced neuroinflammation have not been assessed. Conjugated bile acids, such as taurocholic acid (TCA), can activate sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2), which has been shown to promote immune cell infiltration and inflammation in other models. The current study aimed to assess the role of bile-acid mediated S1PR2 signaling in neuroinflammation and disease progression during azoxymethane (AOM)-induced HE in mice. Our findings demonstrate a temporal increase of bile acids in the cortex during AOM-induced HE and identified that cortical bile acids were elevated as an early event in this model. In order to classify the specific bile acids that were elevated during HE, a metabolic screen was performed and this assay identified that TCA was increased in the serum and cortex during AOM-induced HE. To reduce bile acid concentrations in the brain, mice were fed a diet supplemented with cholestyramine, which alleviated neuroinflammation by reducing proinflammatory cytokine expression in the cortex compared to the control diet-fed AOM-treated mice. S1PR2 was expressed primarily in neurons and TCA treatment increased chemokine ligand 2 mRNA expression in these cells. The infusion of JTE-013, a S1PR2 antagonist, into the lateral ventricle prior to AOM injection protected against neurological decline and reduced neuroinflammation compared to DMSO-infused AOM-treated mice. Together, this identifies that reducing bile acid levels or S1PR2 signaling are potential therapeutic strategies for the management of HE.
C-5 Miniature X-ray Tubes Utilizing Carbon Nanotube-Based Cold Cathodes (2004)

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