gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Giant Magnetoresistive Sensors and Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles:  A Chip-Scale Detection Strategy for Immunosorbent Assays (2005)

Thin structures of alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic layers with a total thickness of a few hundred nanometers exhibit a phenomenon known as giant magnetoresistance. The resistance of microfabricated giant magnetoresistors (GMRs) is dependent on the strength of an external magnetic field. This paper examines magnetic labeling methodologies and surface derivatization approaches based on protein-protein binding that are aimed at forming a general set of protocols to move GMR concepts into the bioanalytical arena. As such, GMRs have been used to observe and quantify the immunological interaction between surface-bound mouse IgG and alpha-mouse IgG coated on superparamagnetic particles. Results show the response of a GMR network connected together as a set of two sense GMRs and two reference GMRs in a Wheatstone bridge as a means to compensate for temperature effects. The response can be readily correlated to the amount of the magnetically labeled alpha-mouse IgG that is captured by an immobilized layer of mouse IgG, the presence of which is confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. These results, along with a detailed description of the experimental testing platform, are described in terms of sensitivity, detection limits, and potential for multiplexing.
Can sodium fluorescein cause contrast-induced nephropathy? (2019)

According to CIN and CIAKI criteria, FAG may cause CIN and appeared to be a possible risk factor for ESRD progression. However, CIN or CIAKI criteria themselves may overestimate AKI and require meticulous attention to the interpretation of results.
Practicality of Boost-type DC-DC Converter for Single Solar Cell (2021)

Solar cell systems have gained increasing attention with gradual improvements in their cost and conversion efficiency. Paint-type solar cells have been proposed. Such solar cells have several advantages, including a follow-up curved surface, free shape, and a seamless aesthetically pleasing design. In general, a solar cell is fabricated based on a series of possible configurations, and the output voltage of the solar module setup can be up to several tens of volts. In applications that involve exploiting a free shape, such devices may not provide a sufficient current. Moreover, this current may then be interrupted as a result of the small cell size or partial light blockage owing to the series construction. To address these problems, DC-DC converters based on the performance of aesthetically designed solar cells have been investigated. These components can be boosted to an easy-to-use voltage for practical daily applications. In this paper, the possibility of achieving their practical use based on a prototype is discussed based on experimental data.
Low specific contact resistance of heavily phosphorus-doped diamond film (2008)

Low resistive contacts were formed on heavily phosphorus-doped diamond (n+) films with phosphorus concentration of over ∼1020cm−3 grown on (111) diamond substrates by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition with precise control of growth conditions. The specific contact resistance was determined by characterizing the current-voltage relations by means of transfer length method. It was found that the resistance of Ti∕n+ contact was significantly reduced down to the order of ∼10−3Ωcm2 even at room temperature, which indicates that the barrier width would be narrow for tunneling through the barrier to take place by heavy phosphorus doping.
Combination flash-bottoming cycle geothermal power generation: a case history (2002)

High- and low-enthalpy, liquid-dominated geothermal resources are commonly exploited by steam flash and binary power cycles, respectively. Cooled brine from both flash and binary power plants is typically reinjected into the geothermal reservoir to replenish the aquifer, maintain reservoir pressure and to protect the environment. Silica tends to precipitate from geothermal brine at almost every stage of brine processing as the temperature is reduced, either as hydrous, amorphous opal or as metal silicate. In 1994, binary cycle units comprising 16 MWe were installed at the Bulalo, Philippines geothermal field utilizing flashed waste brine that was previously injected directly to the reservoir. The binary bottoming cycle consists of six energy converters each employing a preheater and a vaporizer. The brine temperature is reduced across the heat exchangers from 450/spl deg/ to 408/spl deg/. During the heat recovery process, over-saturation of silica in the injection brine increases from <10 to >100%, and scaling rates are predicted to increase thirty-fold from 0.1 to 3 mm/yr. Siliceous scaling in heat exchangers, cooled injection brine piping, injection wells and near-wellbore formation is inhibited by acidification of brine sent to the binary plant. The brine pH is reduced from 6.5 to 5.5 by treatment with only 10 mg concentrated sulfuric acid per kg of brine. The heat recovery process, incorporating silica scale control by pH modification has successfully operated at the Bulalo field for two years. Silica scaling, as a result of flashing and cooling brine has been reduced to less than 1 mm/yr.
Communications: The structure of Rh8+ in the gas phase (2010)

The geometric structure of the Rh(8) (+) cation is investigated using a combination of far-infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The energetic ordering of the different structural motifs is found to depend sensitively on the choice of pure or hybrid exchange functionals. Comparison of experimental and calculated spectra suggests the cluster to have a close-packed, bicapped octahedral structure, in contrast to recent predictions of a cubic structure for the neutral cluster. Our findings demonstrate the importance of including some exact exchange contributions in the DFT calculations, via hybrid functionals, when applied to rhodium clusters, and cast doubt on the application of pure functionals for late transition metal clusters in general.
Online/At-line Measurement, Analysis and Control of Product Titer & Critical Product Quality Attributes (CQAs) During Process Development (2020)

Process analytical technology (PAT) has been defined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a system for designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing through timely measurements to ensure final product quality. Based on quality-by-design (QbD) principles, real-time or near-real-time data monitoring is essential for timely control of critical quality attributes (CQAs) to keep the process in a state of control. To facilitate next-generation continuous bioprocessing, deployment of PAT tools for real-time monitoring is integral for process understanding and control. Real-time monitoring and control of CQAs is essential to keep the process within the design space and align with the guiding principles of QbD. The contents of this manuscript are pertinent to the online/at-line monitoring of upstream titer and downstream product quality with timely process control. We demonstrated that a UPLC system interfaced with a process sample manager (UPLC-PSM) can be utilized to measure titer and CQAs directly from bioreactors and downstream unit operations, respectively. We established online titer measurements from fed-batch and perfusion-based alternating tangential flow (ATF) bioreactors as well as product quality assessments of downstream operations for real-time peak collection. This integrated, fully automated system for online data monitoring with feedback control is designed to achieve desired product quality.
Intraoperative endovascular treatment as an adjunct to microsurgical clipping of paraclinoid aneurysms (2000)

The endovascular method allows safe and reliable proximal control, suction decompression, and intraoperative angiography in microsurgical treatment of large paraclinoid aneurysms.
The human touch. (2010)

'Look, Listen, Feel' encourages nurses to improve the patient experience by using all their senses rather than being over-reliant on technology when assessing patients.
Turbulent Flame Propagation with Cold Walls during Lean Combustion in SI-Engines (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The main objectives of this investigation are the visualisation of the flame propagation depending on different boundary conditions. Turbulence intensities, wall-temperatures and an air-fuel ratios were varied in a wide range.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;For the experiments a rapid compression machine with a quadratic piston and a good optical access is used which allows to observe the entire burning.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;With an additionally integrated turbulence generator it is possible to create a defined turbulence field in the burning chamber.&lt;/div&gt;
Integrated Silicon Photonics Bridging Photonics and Computing (2011)

This presentation will provide an overview of silicon photonics research at Intel Corporation, describe some of the recent advances including the recently announced demonstration of an integrated silicon photonics optical link operating at 50Gbps and the scalability of this technology to &gt;1Tbps. In addition the presentation will provide an overview and discuss the potential applications and future opportunities for enabling &#8220;photonics&#8221; in and around the PC and server platform. Article not available.
Benzylated 1,2,3-triazoles as anticoccidiostats (1991)

Substituted 5-amino-4-carbamoyl-1,2,3-triazoles 3a-w were prepared by two synthetic schemes and evaluated in vivo for anticoccidial activity. Both schemes proceeded by brominating appropriately substituted toluenes 4a-s,v to 5a-s,v. In Scheme I, the brominated benzyl analogues 5 were converted to the corresponding benzyl azides 6, which were treated with cyanoacetamide to yield 1-substituted-5-amino-4-carbamoyl-1,2,3-triazoles 3. In Scheme II, the benzyl halides 5 were employed to alkylate the sodium salt of 5-amino-4-carbamoyl-1,2,3-triazole (7). Preliminary screening data against Eimeria acervulina and E. tenella in chickens suggested structural requirements for maximizing activity. Further evaluation against a relatively resistant series of eight Eimeria field isolates revealed L-651,582 (3a) to be a highly effective coccidiostat. However, unacceptable tissue residues precluded further development. Mechanistic studies on this series of 5-amino-4-carbamoyl-1,2,3-triazoles and, in particular, on L-651,582 (3a) revealed that its mode of action does not involve inhibition of IMP dehydrogenase, but probably interferes with host cell calcium entry. In addition, L-651,582 has been found to have antiproliferative activity in several disease models and was recently reported to possess antimetastatic activity in a model of ovarian cancer progression.
Highly Polarized and Fast Photoresponse of Black Phosphorus‐InSe Vertical p–n Heterojunctions (2018)

Abstract The van der Waals heterojunctions of 2D materials offer tremendous opportunities in designing and investigating multifunctional and high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this study, a vertical p–n diode is constructed by vertically stacking p‐type few‐layer black phosphorus (BP) on n‐type few‐layer indium selenide (InSe). The photodetector based on the heterojunction displays a broadband and gate‐modulated photoresponse under illumination. More importantly, by taking advantage of the strong linear dichroism of BP, the device demonstrates a highly polarization‐sensitive photocurrent with an anisotropy ratio as high as 0.83. Additionally, the device can function in a zero‐bias photovoltaic mode, enabling a fast photoresponse and low dark current. The external quantum efficiency can reach ≈3%, which is impressive for BP‐based devices. The results pave the way for the implementation of p‐BP/n‐InSe heterostructure as a promising candidate for future multifunctional optoelectronics and, especially, polarization‐sensitive applications.
Harvesting Light at the Nanoscale: Giant Light Absorption and Collection Efficiency in GaAs-Gold Nanowire Arrays (2009)

We propose new concepts for efficient light absorption in nanoscale metal-semiconductor-metal structures. These properties are achieved by controlling light-matter interactions in metal-semiconductor gratings with 100 nm pitch. We demonstrate record external quantum efficiencies (above 40 %) in nanoscopic metal-GaAs wire arrays. Applications of these concepts to extremely thin solar cells are discussed.
CRITERIA AUDIT OF PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMIES (1990)

A criteria audit of percutaneous nephrolithotomy management is reported. One hundred consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous stone removal over a 3-year period were examined. An analysis of the cases of this relatively new surgical procedure are presented. The audit demonstrated the surgeons' learning curve, the current standards achieved and changes in patient admission rate. Criteria auditing was used and assessed as a quality assurance activity.
Double U-slots stacked patch antenna with copper plate and air gap for wireless LAN applications (2017)

With the higher speed growth and wide use of wireless telecommunication technology in recent years, the demand for miniature size, low profile, broadband and high gain antennas have increased so rapidly. The slots at the patch antenna is one of the technique can be used to cater this problem. This works proposed a stacked patch antenna with double U-slots structure technique at the patch antenna for Wireless LAN application. This proposed stacked patch antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and substrate thickness of 1.6mm with an air gap between the substrate and ground. Firstly, a basic patch antenna had been design. Then, a 65mm × 65mm stacked patch of copper plate was used as the ground plane under-shape patch. By integrating the stacked patch with air gap and the double U-slots techniques, the proposed designed offer an improvement in term of the gain and wide bandwidth of the antenna. A parametric study is of the patch width, patch length and length slot are determined to realize the antenna design. The results show the gain values increased from 7.189 dB to 7.358dB at resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz with a return loss of -14.739 dB. The increment of the length of slot effects the increase value of the return loss of the antenna. Compare with the basic antenna with 100 MHz of bandwidth, the performance for this proposed antenna is 120 MHz with the operating frequency range from 2.34 GHz to 2.46 GHz.
Totally endoscopic cartilage tympanoplasty: a hierarchical task analysis (2022)

Abstract Background Totally endoscopic ear surgery is a novel method of conducting otological surgery. Hierarchical task analysis and the systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (‘SHERPA’) are valuable tools that can effectively deconstruct the technical and non-technical skills required to successfully complete a surgical procedure. Methods Twenty-five endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasties were observed, to identify the tasks and subtasks required for completion of totally endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. The systematic human error reduction and prediction approach was used to identify the potential risks and methods, to reduce or remediate these risks. Results A hierarchical task analysis was performed, identifying 8 tasks and 50 subtasks for a safe approach to completing totally endoscopic tragal cartilage tympanoplasty. A risk score for each subtask was calculated to produce a systematic human error reduction and prediction approach and to highlight potential errors. Conclusion This hierarchical task analysis allowed for quick reference to a correct method of endoscopic tympanoplasty. The systematic human error reduction and prediction approach was employed to reduce the risks associated with undergoing endoscopic tympanoplasty, to improve patient safety.
Towards a distributed multi-tier file system for cluster computing (2016)

Distributed storage systems running on clusters of commodity hardware are challenged by the ever-growing data storage and I/O demands of modern large-scale data analytics. A promising trend is to exploit the recent improvements in memory, storage media, and network technologies for sustaining high performance at low cost. While recent work explores using memory and SSDs as a cache for local storage or combining local with network-attached storage, no work has ever looked at all layers together in a distributed setting. We present a novel design for a distributed file system that is aware of heterogeneous storage media (e.g., memory, SSDs, HDDs, NAS) with different capacities and performance characteristics. The storage media are explicitly exposed to users and applications, allowing them to choose the distribution and placement of replicas in the cluster based on their own performance and fault tolerance requirements. At the same time, the system offers a variety of pluggable policies for automating data management for increased performance and better cluster utilization. We analyze the new trends and challenges that led to our application- and data-centric design choices, and discuss how those choices inspire new research opportunities for data-intensive processing systems.
On Ziv's rounding test (2013)

A very simple test, introduced by Ziv, allows one to determine if an approximation to the value f(x) of an elementary function at a given point x suffices to return the floating-point number nearest f(x) . The same test may be used when implementing floating-point operations with input and output operands of different formats, using arithmetic operators tailored for manipulating operands of the same format. That test depends on a “magic constant” e . We show how to choose that constant e to make the test reliable and efficient. Various cases are considered, depending on the availability of an fma instruction, and on the range of f(x) .
Iron (II) Citrate Complex as a Food Supplement: Synthesis, Characterization and Complex Stability (2018)

Iron deficiency represents a widespread problem for a large part of the population, especially for women, and has received increasing attention in food/supplement research. The contraindications of the iron supplements commercially available (e.g., imbalances in the levels of other essential nutrients, low bioavailability, etc.) led us to search for a possible alternative. In the present work, a rapid and easy method to synthetize a solid iron (II) citrate complex from iron filings and citric acid was developed to serve, eventually, as a food supplement or additive. In order to state its atomic composition and purity, an assortment of analytical techniques was employed (e.g., combustion analysis, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffractometry, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, etc.). Results demonstrate that the synthesized crystalline solid corresponds to the formula FeC₆H₆O₇∙H₂O and, by consequence, contains exclusively iron (II), which is an advantage with respect to existing commercial products, because iron (II) is better absorbed than iron (III) (high bioavailability of iron).
Development of Li<sub>2</sub>TiS<sub>3</sub>&ndash;Li<sub>3</sub>NbS<sub>4</sub> by a mechanochemical process (2017)

Solid solution of Li2TiS3 (Li8/3Ti4/3S4) and Li3NbS4 were prepared using mechanochemical syntheses. The materials with cubic rock-salt structure were obtained over the full range of compositions (Li(8+x)/3Ti(4−4x)/3NbxS4; 0 &lE; x &lE; 1). Lithium, titanium, and niobium randomly share the cationic site. Each material showed electrode activity and had a large reversible capacity of more than 350 mAh g−1 with more than 3 electron process per composition formulas of Li(8+x)/3Ti(4−4x)/3NbxS4.
The clinical impact of phase offset errors and different correction methods in cardiovascular magnetic resonance phase contrast imaging: a multi-scanner study (2020)

Observational Study.
Über neue organische Phosphorverbindungen IV Phosphinimine (1921)

Der Reaktionstragheit des Stickoxyduls entspricht die des Kohlendioxyds unter den Carbonylderivaten').Verhalten der Phosphiniminderivate.Die Reaktionsfahigkeit der Phosphinimine wird sehr stark von den Substituenten beeinflusst ; allgeniein
Algorithm sensitivity analysis and parameter tuning for tissue image segmentation pipelines (2016)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Method for planning a wind–solar–battery hybrid power plant with optimal generation‐demand matching (2018)

This study aims to propose a methodology for a hybrid wind–solar power plant with the optimal contribution of renewable energy resources supported by battery energy storage technology. The motivating factor behind the hybrid solar–wind power system design is the fact that both solar and wind power exhibit complementary power profiles. Advantageous combination of wind and solar with optimal ratio will lead to clear benefits for hybrid wind–solar power plants such as smoothing of intermittent power, higher reliability, and availability. However, the potential challenges for its integration into electricity grids cannot be neglected. A potential solution is to utilise one of the energy storage technologies, though all of them are still very expensive for such applications, especially at large scale. Therefore, optimal capacity calculations for energy storage system are also vital to realise full benefits. Currently, battery energy storage technology is considered as one of the most promising choices for renewable power applications. This research targets at battery storage technology and proposes a generic methodology for optimal capacity calculations for the proposed hybrid wind–solar power system.
Effect of aging on linear and nonlinear MUX PUFs by statistical modeling (2018)

This paper addresses the effect of aging on linear and non-linear MUX physical unclonable functions (PUFs). It is well known that a PUF response can be modeled in terms of the delay difference of MUX stages. In this paper, we show that the aging effects can be modeled in terms of variations in delay-difference and arbiter delay. Specifically, with aging, the percent delay-difference variation of each MUX stage can be modeled as a ratio of two correlated Gaussian random variables. This ratio distribution is shown to be approximately Gaussian with zero mean and variance increasing with time. In case of the arbiter, the ratio distribution is modeled as a Gaussian with positive mean. The paper makes three contributions: modeling the effect of aging in terms of percent variations in delay-difference of the MUX stages and arbiter delay, analysis of authentication accuracy with aging, and approaches to increase the PUF's lifetime by either recalibrating it to obtain new delay-difference parameters, or by tuning a threshold based on the total delay-difference. A general approach for selecting the threshold values is described in the paper. It is shown that the authentication accuracy of a PUF is significantly affected due to aging effects of the arbiter itself. Therefore, under the assumption that the variations in arbiter delay are considerably more than in delay-differences, the performance degradation in the case of aging alone is prominent compared to noise alone. We show that the authentication accuracy of a feed-forward PUF is more degraded compared to linear or modified feed-forward PUF. Metrics like Jenson-Shannon and Henze-Penrose divergence are also used to analyze the effect of aging.
Acoustic noise reduction in MRI using Silent Scan: an initial experience (2014)

T1-weighted Silent Scan is a promising technique for acoustic noise reduction and improved patient comfort.