gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Failure to support a genetic contribution of AKT1 polymorphisms and altered AKT signaling in schizophrenia (2006)

The protein kinase v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) gene family comprises three human homologs that phosphorylate and inactivate glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta). Studies have reported the genetic association of AKT1 with schizophrenia. Additionally, decreased AKT1 protein expression and the reduced phosphorylation of GSK3beta were reported in this disease, leading to a new theory of attenuated AKT1-GSK3beta signaling in schizophrenia pathogenesis. We have evaluated this theory by performing both genetic and protein expression analyses. A family based association test of AKT1 did not show association with schizophrenia in Japanese subjects. The expression levels of total AKT, AKT1 and phosphorylated GSK3beta detected in the schizophrenic brains from two different brain banks also failed to support the theory. In addition, no attenuated AKT-GSK3beta signaling was observed in the lymphocytes from Japanese schizophrenics, contrasting with previous findings. Importantly, we found that the level of phosphorylated GSK3beta at Ser9 tended to be inversely correlated with postmortem intervals, and that the phosphorylation levels of AKT were inversely correlated with brain pH, issues not assessed in the previous study. These data introduce a note of caution when estimating the phosphorylation levels of GSK3beta and AKT in postmortem brains. Collectively, this study failed to support reduced signaling of the AKT-GSK3beta molecular cascade in schizophrenia.
Anticoagulation in pregnancy complications (2014)

Women with acquired and inherited thrombophilia are thought to be at increased risk for pregnancy complications, including recurrent pregnancy loss and, depending on the type of thrombophilia, severe preeclampsia. This review discusses the associations between the types of thrombophilia and types of complications, as well as the currently available clinical trial evidence regarding the use of aspirin and heparin to prevent these pregnancy complications. In women with antiphospholipid syndrome, guidelines recommend prescribing aspirin and heparin to women with recurrent miscarriage. The same regimen is suggested for late pregnancy complications by some, but not all, experts. Aspirin or low-molecular-weight heparin to improve pregnancy outcome in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage has no benefit and should not be prescribed. Whether anticoagulant therapy prevents recurrent miscarriage in women with inherited thrombophilia or in women with severe pregnancy complications remains controversial because of inconsistent results from trials. Aspirin modestly decreases the risk of severe preeclampsia in women at high risk.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Carbocyclic Ribonucleotides. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Circulatory antigens of Heymann nephritis. I. Identification and partial characterization. (1986)

Previously, we have isolated and characterized a complex glycoprotein antigen (gp600) from the rat kidney that can induce Heymann nephritis (HN) in the rat. A monospecific antibody against the gp600 was used as a probe to document the existence of cross-reactive antigens in normal rat serum. A competitive radioimmunoassay measured the concentration in normal rat serum as being 45.5 +/- 10.2 micrograms/ml (n = 17). Molecular exclusion gel chromatography of normal rat serum identified gp600 activity in three distinct peaks corresponding to the molecular weights of 150,000, 110,000 and 70,000, respectively. Soluble immune complexes of mean molecular weight 1.1 X 10(6) were formed when normal rat serum was reacted with affinity-purified 125I anti-gp600. Normal rat serum, electrophoresed in 8% SDS-PAGE gels, transblotted to nitrocellulose membrane and reacted with anti-gp600 by indirect immunoperoxidase technique, identified three to four bands in the molecular weight region of 66,000-80,000. Isoelectric focusing revealed these antigens to be anionic (pI of 4.5-5.5) in nature. We conclude that normal rat serum contains antigens that cross-react with gp600. Further, these antigens are anionic in nature and form soluble immune complexes with anti-gp600 in vitro. The relevance of these findings to the pathogenesis of HN is discussed.
Analysis and Design of a 5 GS/s Analog Charge-Domain FFT for an SDR Front-End in 65 nm CMOS (2013)

This work describes the design of a 16 point analog domain FFT using a Charge Re-use Analog Fourier Transform (CRAFT) engine. The circuit relies on charge re-use to achieve 47 dB average output SNDR on an instantaneous input bandwidth of 5 GHz, and consumes only 3.8 mW (12.2 pJ/conv.). The CRAFT engine is used as a wide-band, low power RF front-end channelizer for software defined radio (SDR) applications. The paper also discusses the handling of circuit non-idealities for the CRAFT design: their significance, modeling, and circuit techniques for their mitigation. These techniques enable this implementation to achieve a large dynamic range even at high speeds.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL NONPHENOL OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF PHENETHYLISOQUINOLINES (1977)

Abstract Die Oxidation der Phenäthylisochinoline (I) mit Vanadylfluorid/Trifluoressigsäure zu (IV) sowie den Nebenprodukten (II), (III), (V) und (VI) wird diskutiert.
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for Ice Adhesion (1997)

We studied an electrostatic model of ice adhesion based on the existence of the surface states of protonic charge carriers on the surface of ice. At distances greater than one intermolecular distance, the model gives an order of magnitude for the adhesive energy, which is significantly greater than both chemical bonding energy and van der Waals forces. It also provides an understanding of the time- and temperature-dependent phenomena that explain the difference between adhesive properties of ice and water.
Supplementary Table 1 from Induction of Robust Type-I CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Responses in WHO Grade 2 Low-Grade Glioma Patients Receiving Peptide-Based Vaccines in Combination with Poly-ICLC (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Associations between baseline IFN-γ ELISPOT values vs. PFS or subsequent IFN-γ ESLIPOT responses&lt;/p&gt;
Magnetic field induced alignment of macroradical epoxy for enhanced electrical properties (2022)

Improving the electrical performance of macroradical epoxy thermosets to surpass the semiconductor threshold requires a comprehensive understanding of the electrical charge transport mechanisms and characteristics. In this study, we investigate the electrical properties of a non-conjugated radical thermoset in a rigid, three-dimensional (3D) motif cured under an external magnetic field. The outcomes of the four-angle analysis of the synchrotron IRM beamline provide for the first time quantitative insights into the molecular orientation at the atomic-scale level. These insights, in turn, were utilized to apply Quantum Computational modeling theories and Monte Carlo simulation to study the effect of the magnetic field-induced molecular alignment on tuning electrical charge transport characteristics. The results explored the impact of radical density on forming percolation networks, showing a robust protocol for designing polymers with high electrical/thermal conductivity.
Molecular forms of chicken embryo acetylcholinesterase in vitro and in vivo. Isolation and characterization. (1979)

The four molecular forms of chick embryo leg muscle acetylcholinesterase have been isolated by velocity sedimentation; their apparent sedimentation coefficients are 19.5 S, 11.5 S, 7.1 S, and 5.4 S. All four forms are glycoproteins, exhibit the same Km for acetylcholine, and are inhibited to the same extent by specific inhibitors of acetyl- and buryrylcholinesterase. Treatment of the 19.5 S form of acetylcholinesterase with trypsin generates an array of molecular forms, several of which have sedimentation coefficients identical with the naturally occurring forms. Collagenase treatment of the 19.5 S acetylcholinesterase results in a somewhat different pattern of acetylcholinesterase forms including a novel 20.6 S form. Only the 19.5 S acetylcholinesterase is sensitive to collagenase treatment. Our results indicate that the several acetylcholinesterase forms share a common catalytic subunit, and suggest that the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase in the chick represent different ensembles of a common monomer. In culture, the muscle cells contain only the 11.5 and 7.1 S acetylcholinesterase forms; however, they also secrete substantial amounts of enzyme into the medium. These secreted acetylcholinesterases have sedimentation coefficients of 9 S and 15 S. The relative abundance of the different acetylcholinesterase molecular forms changes during muscle development, both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that the assembly and distribution of this family of membrane glycoproteins is developmentally regulated.
An acrosomal protein, sp32, in mammalian sperm is a binding protein specific for two proacrosins and an acrosin intermediate (1994)

An acrosomal protein, sp32, was completely purified from acid extracts of ejaculated porcine sperm. Purified sp32 gave a single 32-kDa protein band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was characterized as a binding protein specific for 55-, 53-, and 49-kDa forms of (pro)acrosin. This protein was not capable of binding a 43-kDa acrosin intermediate and 35-kDa mature acrosin. sp32 significantly accelerated autoactivation of proacrosin at a basic pH in vitro and affected the maturation pathway of proacrosin. In the presence of sp32, the 49-kDa acrosin intermediate from the 55- and 53-kDa proacrosins was accumulated, instead of the 43-kDa acrosin intermediate. These results suggest that sp32 interacts with both the amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences of the 53-kDa proacrosin. The cDNA clones coding for porcine and guinea pig sp32 have been identified from testis cDNA libraries in lambda gt11. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that sp32 is initially synthesized as a 61-kDa precursor protein with a putative signal peptide at the amino terminus. The carboxyl-terminal half of the precursor molecule corresponds to the mature sp32. Thus, sp32 is produced by post-translational modification of the precursor. The binding of sp32 to proacrosin may be involved in packaging the acrosin zymogen into the acrosomal matrix.
Localized disruption of Narp in medial prefrontal cortex blocks reinforcer devaluation performance (2010)

Neuronal activity regulated pentraxin (Narp) is a secreted protein that regulates α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors (AMPAR) aggregation and synaptogenesis. Mapping of Narp-positive neurons in brain has revealed it is prominently expressed in several limbic system projection pathways. Consistent with this localization pattern, Narp knockout mice show deficits in using the current value of a reinforcer to guide behavior, a critical function of the limbic system. To help assess whether this behavioral deficit is due to impairment of synaptogenesis during development or in modulating synaptic signaling in the mature brain, we have used a dominant negative Narp viral construct which blocks trafficking of endogenous Narp to axons. Focal injection of this viral construct into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult mice, a region containing Narp-positive projection neurons, blocked reinforcer devaluation. Thus, these results indicate that Narp released from mPFC neurons plays a key role in mediating synaptic changes underlying instrumental reinforcer devaluation.
Selenium-Containing Polymers: Promising Biomaterials for Controlled Release and Enzyme Mimics (2013)

Although researchers have made great progress in the development of responsive polymeric materials for controlled drug release or diagnostics over the last 10 years, therapeutic results still lag behind expectations. The development of special materials that respond to physiological relevant concentrations, typically within the micromolar or nanomolar concentration regime, remains challenging. Therefore, researchers continue to pursue new biomaterials with unique properties and that respond to mild biochemical signals or biomarkers. Selenium is an essential element in human body with potential antioxidant properties. Because of selenium's electronegativity and atomic radius, selenium-containing compounds exhibit unique bond energy (C-Se bond 244 kJ mol⁻¹; Se-Se bond 172 kJ mol⁻¹). These values give the C-Se or Se-Se covalent bonds dynamic character and make them responsive to mild stimuli. Therefore, selenium-containing polymers can disassemble in response to changes under physiological relevant conditions. This property makes them a promising biomaterial for controlled release of drugs or synthetic enzyme mimics. Until recently, few researchers have looked at selenium-containing polymers as novel biomaterials. In this Account, we summarize our recent research on selenium-containing polymers and show their potential application as mild-responsive drug delivery vehicles and artificial enzymes. We begin by reviewing the current state of the art in the synthesis of selenium-containing main chain block copolymers. We highlight the dual redox and gamma-irradiation behaviors of diselenide-containing block copolymers assemblies, discussing the possibility of their use in a combination of chemotherapy and actinotherapy. We also describe the coordination of platinum with monoselenide containing block copolymers. Such structures offer the possibility of fabricating multidrug systems for cooperative chemotherapy. In addition, we summarize the methods for the covalent and noncovalent preparation of selenium-containing polymers with side chains, which highlight the opportunity to reversibly tune the amphiphilicity of selenium-containing polymers. Finally, we present strategies for the design of highly efficient selenium-containing dendritic polymers that can mimic enzymes. This field is still in its infancy period, and further research can only be limited by our imagination.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Chelation‐Assisted Alkylation of Arenes with Primary and Secondary Alkyl Halides. (2015)

Abstract Aryl imines, 2‐arylpyridine, and related N‐heterocycles are selectively monoalkylated using alkyl halides in the presence of Co/N‐heterocyclic carbene catalytic systems.
Vision for a smart kiosk (2002)

We describe a novel computer vision application: vision-based human sensing for a Smart Kiosk interface. A Smart Kiosk is a free-standing information dispensing computer appliance capable of engaging in public interactions with multiple people. Vision sensing is a critical component of the kiosk interface, where it is used to determine the context for the interaction. We present a taxonomy of vision problems for a kiosk interface and describe a prototype kiosk which uses color stereo tracking and graphical output to interact with several users.
Magnetically-separable and highly-stable enzyme system based on crosslinked enzyme aggregates shipped in magnetite-coated mesoporous silica (2009)

A magnetically-separable and highly-stable enzyme system was developed by adsorption of enzymes in superparamagnetic hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica (M-HMMS) and subsequent enzyme crosslinking. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles were homogeneously incorporated into hierarchically-ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica (HMMS) by the decomposition of a preformed iron propionate complex. The size of the incorporated superparamagnetic nanoparticles was around 5 nm, generating a magnetically separable host with high pore volumes and large pores (M-HMMS). α-chymotrypsin (CT) was adsorbed into M-HMMS with high loading (∼30 wt%) in less than 30 minutes. Glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment of adsorbed CT resulted in nanometer scale crosslinked enzyme aggregates in M-HMMS (CLEA-M). The activity of these CT aggregates in M-HMMS (CLEA-M-CT) was 34 times than that of simply adsorbed CT in M-HMMS, due to an effective prevention of enzyme leaching during washing via a ship-in-a-bottle approach. CLEA-M-CT maintained the initial activity not only under shaking (250 rpm) for 30 days, but also under recycled uses of 35 times. The same approach was employed for the synthesis of CLEA-M of lipase (CLEA-M-LP), and proven to be effective in improving the loading, activity, and stability of enzyme when compared to those of adsorbed LP in M-HMMS.
Real‐time compensation for positioning performance using on‐line parameter identification and initial value compensation (2010)

Abstract Variations and/or uncertainties in environments of mechatronic systems, such as electrical/mechanical parameter changes and nonlinear components, generally deteriorate the motion control performance. In our research, the fast and precise position settling performance for parameter variations in positioning devices can be improved by techniques of an on‐line parameter identification and an initial value compensation. The proposed technique allows the positioning systems to be adaptive and robust for unknown parameter variations. The effectiveness of the approach has been verified by numerical simulations and experiments using a prototype. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 171(2): 40–49, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20926
pH-Dependent Release from Monoolein Cubic Phase Containing Hydrophobically Modified Chitosan (2011)

Monoolein (MO) cubic phase incorporating hydrophobically modified chosan (Hm chitosan) was prepared to obtain a pH-dependent release. Following calorimetric study, Hm chitosan had little effect on the crystal structure of MO cubic phase under acidic condition where Hm chitosan is readily soluble. At a higher pH (e.g., pH 9.0), however, the crystal structure of MO cubic phase was disturbed, possibly due to the insolubilization of Hm chitosan at the alkali condition. Whether the dye included in the cubic phase is anionic (amaranth) or cationic (methylene blue), the release from the cubic phase was suppressed as the pH of release medium increased. The structural change of cubic phase caused by the insolubilization of Hm chitosan, or the blockage of the water channel of the cubic phase by precipitated Hm chitosan would be responsible for the suppressed released.
Cdc42 Regulates Arsenic-induced NADPH Oxidase Activation and Cell Migration through Actin Filament Reorganization (2004)

Although arsenic is a human carcinogen, the molecular mechanisms of its action remain to be understood. The present study reports that exposure to arsenic induced actin filament reorganization, resulting in lamellipodia and filopodia structures through the activation of Cdc42 in SVEC4-10 endothelial cells. It was also found that arsenic induced the formation of the superoxide anion (O2*) in SVEC4-10 cells. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that arsenic stimulation induced serine phosphorylation of p47phox, a key component of NADPH oxidase, indicating that arsenic induces O2* formation through NADPH oxidase activation. Inhibition of arsenic-induced actin filament reorganization by either overexpression of a dominant negative Cdc42 or pretreatment of an actin filament stabilizing regent, jasplakinolide, abrogated arsenic-induced NADPH oxidase activation, showing that the activation of NADPH oxidase was regulated by Cdc42-mediated actin filament reorganization. This study also showed that overexpression of a dominant negative Rac1 was sufficient to abolish arsenic-induced O2*- production, implying that Rac1 activities are required for Cdc42-mediated NADPH oxidase activation in response to arsenic stimulation. Furthermore, arsenic stimulation induced cell migration, which can be inhibited by the inactivation of either Cdc42 or NADPH oxidase. Taken together, the results indicate that arsenic is able to activate NADPH oxidase through Cdc42-mediated actin filament reorganization, leading to the induction of an increase in cell migration in SVEC4-10 endothelial cells.
Torrent (2017)

In this paper, we present Torrent, for Flutes and Water. Torrent is an embodied electroacoustic music composition written to commemorate a catastrophic local flood and the spirit of the citizens who united to overcome it. To create this music, we designed and built an interactive computer system to make audible and physical that which is usually hidden but ever-present in music-making: the musicians' muscle tension as they perform, think about, and feel their music. The Torrent system musifies and physicalizes the flutists' muscle tension as live water sounds and movement that accompany the musicians as they perform. Semi-structured interviews and surveys were conducted to under-stand the experiences of the performers and audience during one performance. The use of embodiment, as integral to the music itself, aspires to emphasize means and end, body and mind, effort and achievement in the struggle of people unit-ed against the elements.
Interpretation of Rare Earth Ion Effects on Spin Wave Linewidths of Iron Garnets (1973)

From the empirical results of an earlier study on spin wave linewidth increases, ΔHk⇒oRE, caused by rare earth additions to iron garnets, it was concluded that ΔHk⇒oRE for Ho3+, Dy3+ and Ce3+ ions were directly proportional to the number of rare earth ions and inversely proportional to the magnetization. Unfortunately, the data for the widely used Gd3+ ion did not fit this relation. From a re‐examination of these results, it is concluded that ΔH RE k⇒o=Δh.C, where Δh is a constant characteristic of the particular rare earth ion and C is the ratio of rare earth ions to net iron ions of the two opposing sublattices. With this relation, it is determined that Δh equals 3, 144, 149 and 46 Oe for Gd3+, Ho3+, Dy3+ and Ce3+, respectively. It is also shown that the above relation is in accord both physically and analytically with the results of ferrimagnetic resonance relaxation investigations on similar materials.
Interview (2012)

Dr. Andrés Alayón Glazunov talks about the research behind his Letter 'Maximum joint transmit-receive MRC gain with antennas exciting spherical vector wave modes up to order l' on page 1520.
Iterative Network and Channel Decoding for the Two-Way Relay Channel (2006)

We introduce an extension of the relay channel that we call two-way relay channel. The two-way relay channel consists of two users which want to communicate to each other with the help of one relay. We consider the time-division two-way relay channel without power control, where the broadcast channels are orthogonalized in time and where the two users and the relay use the same transmission power. We describe a joint network-channel coding method for this channel model, where channel codes are used at both users and a network code is used at the relay. The channel code of one user and the network code form a distributed turbo code which we call turbo network code and which can be iteratively decoded at the other user. Moreover, we conjecture closed expressions for lower bounds for the channel capacities of the time-division relay and two-way relay channel without power control and deliver simulation results of the proposed turbo network code.
Corneal Clouding in Alport Syndrome (2010)

The presented changes underline the great variation of ocular disorders related to Alport syndrome. To our knowledge, this is one of the first reports describing histologic corneal findings in Alport syndrome. Only a few cases with accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the Bowman layer have been described previously, none of them being associated with Alport syndrome. Besides, anterior corneal alterations and corneal clouding seem to be uncommon in patients suffering from Alport syndrome.