gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Macrofluidic Device for Preparative Concentration Based on Epitachophoresis (2019)

We have developed a new separation device to concentrate and collect ions from several milliliter sample volumes to microliter fractions. Unlike most conventional platforms, this device has circular architecture. The electrophoretic migration operates from the outer perimeter toward the center. Separations can be performed both in continuous (zone electrophoresis) and discontinuous (moving boundary) electrolyte systems. We use a discontinuous electrolyte system comprising a leading and a terminating electrolyte to concentrate samples containing small organic anions and DNA fragment. The agarose gel stabilizes the boundary between the leading and terminating electrolytes. The milliliter volume sample is mixed with the terminating electrolyte and migrates through the gel toward the center. The concentrated total sample is collected in microliter fraction at the center. The potential for preparative concentration of DNA is demonstrated using a DNA ladder. Because zone migration accelerates as it moves toward the center, we named this method Epitachophoresis from the Greek word "επιταχυνω (epitachýnο)", meaning "acceleration". To the best of our knowledge, this unique circular architecture has not been previously described.
Corneal topographic changes after frown and straight sclerocorneal incisions (1997)

There were no major differences between the two incision groups in surgically induced topographic changes.
Teaching resources for the European Open Platform for Prescribing Education (EurOP2E)—a nominal group technique study (2022)

The European Open Platform for Prescribing Education (EurOP<sup>2</sup>E) seeks to improve and harmonize European clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education by facilitating international collaboration and sharing problem-based, online, open educational resources. The COVID-19 pandemic forced teachers to switch to virtual modalities, highlighting the need for high-quality online teaching materials. The goal of this study was to establish the online problem-based teaching resources needed to sustain prescribing education during the pandemic and thereafter. A nominal group technique study was conducted with prescribing teachers from 15 European countries. Results were analyzed through thematic analysis. In four meetings, 20 teachers from 15 countries proposed and ranked 35 teaching materials. According to the participants, the most necessary problem-based-online teaching materials related to three overarching themes. Related to learning outcomes for CPT, participants proposed creating prescription scenarios, including materials focusing on background knowledge and resources on personalized medicine and topical/ethical issues such as the prescription's impact on planetary health. Second, related to teaching, they proposed online case discussions, gamification and decision support systems. Finally, in relation to faculty development, they recommend teacher courses, a repository of reusable exam questions and harmonized formularies. Future work will aim to collaboratively produce such materials.
Empirical Study on Effects of Self-Correction in Crowdsourced Microtasks (2021)

Self-correction for crowdsourced tasks is a two-stage setting that allows a crowd worker to review the task results of other workers; the worker is then given a chance to update their results according to the review.Self-correction was proposed as a complementary approach to statistical algorithms, in which workers independently perform the same task.It can provide higher-quality results with low additional costs. However, thus far, the effects have only been demonstrated in simulations, and empirical evaluations are required.In addition, as self-correction provides feedback to workers, an interesting question arises: whether perceptual learning is observed in self-correction tasks.This paper reports our experimental results on self-corrections with a real-world crowdsourcing service.We found that:(1) Self-correction is effective for making workers reconsider their judgments.(2) Self-correction is effective more if workers are shown the task results of higher-quality workers during the second stage.(3) A perceptual learning effect is observed in some cases. Self-correction can provide feedback that shows workers how to provide high-quality answers in future tasks.(4) A Perceptual learning effect is observed, particularly with workers who moderately change answers in the second stage. This suggests that we can measure the learning potential of workers.These findings imply that requesters/crowdsourcing services can construct a positive loop for improved task results by the self-correction approach.However, (5) no long-term effects of the self-correction task were transferred to other similar tasks in two different settings.
STM and AFM investigations on organic solids (1992)

Polycrystalline organic thin films are investigated by scanning probe techniques. TCNQ samples are imaged with AFM and with the STM to observe the influence of the substrate preparation conditions and the influence of external pressure, respectively. Lead phthalocyanine thin films are imaged by AFM in air and in water. Composite films consisting of gold clusters embedded in a polymer matrix are investigated by STM and STS (local differential conductivity) to observe simultaneously the polymer surface topography and the hidden metal particles near to the surface, respectively. Es werden polykristalline organische Dünnfilme mit Raster-Sonden-Techniken untersucht. TCNQ-Proben werden mit dem AFM und mit dem STM abgebildet, um den Einfluß der Substratpräparation sowie den Einfluß äußeren Drucks zu untersuchen. Blei-Phthalocyanin-Dünnfilme werden mit dem AFM an Luft und in Wasser untersucht. Kompositfilme, die aus in einer Polymermatrix eingebetteten Goldclustern bestehen, werden mittels Raster-Tunnel-Mikroskopie und -Spektroskopie (lokale differentielle Leitfähigkeit) untersucht, um gleichzeitig die Topographie der Polymeroberfläche und die nahe der Oberfläche eingelagerten Metallteilchen zu beobachten.
Identification and Characterization of ErbB-3-Binding Protein-1 as a Target for Immunotherapy (2007)

Based on immune reactivity in response to a whole-cell colon tumor vaccine and using serological identification of Ags by recombinant cDNA expression cloning, we here describe the molecular and functional identification of a novel human tumor Ag. By screening a cDNA expression library derived from the coloncarcinoma cell line HT-29 with pooled colorectal cancer patients' sera, 26 clones reactive with IgG Abs could be identified. Characterization of these cDNA clones by sequence analysis and alignment, and detailed serological analysis revealed cancer-related immunoreactivity for the ErbB-3-binding protein-1 (Ebp1). Immunohistochemical staining of colorectal tumors and neighboring normal colon tissue indicated the observed cancer-related immunogenicity of Ebp1 to be related to overexpression. Via reverse immunology, five potential HLA-A2-restricted T cell epitopes were identified, of which two (Ebp1(45-54) and Ebp1(59-67)) bound HLA-A2 with intermediate and high affinity, respectively. Analysis of their immunogenicity in vitro indicated that only the high-affinity Ebp1(59) epitope gave rise to CD8(+) T cells capable of recognizing both exogenously loaded Ebp1 peptide and endogenously expressed Ebp1 on target cells. In addition, in vivo CD8(+) T cell responsiveness against the Ebp1(59) epitope could be detected in two of nine and three of six cancer patients PBMC and tumor draining lymph nodes, respectively, but not in nine of nine healthy donors tested. These data confirm that Ebp1 is an immunogenic protein, capable of eliciting CD8-mediated responses in vivo and in vitro, providing a rationale for further exploration of Ebp1 as a possible target for anticancer immunotherapy.
ChemInform Abstract: CAN‐Mediated Oxidation of Electron‐Deficient Aryl and Heteroaryl Hydrazines and Hydrazides. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
HARE: Hardware assisted reverse execution (2010)

Bidirectional execution is a powerful debugging technique that allows program execution to proceed both forward and in reverse. Many software-only techniques and tools have emerged that use checkpointing and replay to provide the effect of reverse execution, although with considerable performance overheads in both forward and reverse execution. Recent hardware proposals for checkpointing and execution replay minimize these performance overheads, but in a way that prevents checkpoint consolidation, a key technique for reducing memory use while retaining the ability to reverse long periods of execution. This paper presents HARE, a hardware technique that efficiently supports both checkpointing and consolidation. Our experiments show that on average HARE incurs <3% performace overheads even when creating tens of checkpoints per second, provides reverse execution times similar to forward execution times, and reduces the total space used by checkpoints by a factor of 36 on average (this factor gets better for longer runs) relative to prior consolidation-less hardware checkpointing schemes.
Maltose-Binding Protein Enhances Secretion of Recombinant Human Granzyme B Accompanied by In Vivo Processing of a Precursor MBP Fusion Protein (2010)

Our results demonstrate that combination of MBP as a solubility enhancer with specific in vivo cleavage augments secretion of processed and functionally active proteins from yeast. This strategy may be generally applicable to improve folding and increase yields of recombinant proteins.
Molecular and cellular effects of α‐, and γ‐tocopheryl phosphate on THP‐1 monocytes (2008)

The vitamin E derivative, alpha‐tocopheryl phosphate (αTP), can be isolated from food and animal tissues in amounts of nmol/g of extracted material. Whereas the phosphate ester increases the chemical stability of alpha‐tocopherol (αT), it suppresses its function as a direct free radical scavenger. Nevertheless, in cells TP influences signal transduction and gene expression, possibly by interacting with specific enzyme(s) and/or receptor(s). Small amounts of αTP formed from αT in cultured cells further suggest a physiological role for this compound. We have now compared the inhibitory effects of αTP (acid and sodium salt) and γ‐tocopheryl phosphate (γTP) (acid and sodium salt) on the proliferation of THP‐1 monocytic leukemia cells. αT does not affect the cell proliferation rate in these cells, whereas αTP and more potently γTP inhibit THP‐1 cell proliferation. We found that one or more cell anion transporters are modulating the response of THP‐1 cells to the treatment with αTP and γTP, as determined by using specific transport inhibitors, such as glybenclamide/glyburide. In addition, the effects of these vitamin E derivatives on gene expression are assessed, in particular on the inhibition of CD36 scavenger receptor gene expression. (This study is supported by a Phosphagenics Ltd. fellowship to JMZ, and USDA Contract #58‐1950‐7‐707).
Preparation of N-Doped TiO<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> Films as Photocatalyst Using Reactive Sputtering with Dry Air (2009)

Pale yellow N-doped TiOx films on the glass substrate were prepared by RF magnetron reactive sputtering of Ti target in a mixed gas of argon and dry air. The characteristics of the N-doped TiOx films were studied by SEM, XRD, UV–Vis spectrophotometer and XPS. The photocatalytic ability was evaluated by degradation of NO gas. The air flow ratio has a significant effect on the produced phase and the bonding states of Ti, O and N, resulting in the variation of the optical property and photocatalytic ability. The large amount of N atoms doped and oxygen deficiency are detrimental for photocatalysis, and N bonding states may not be the major contributing factor for the photocatalysis. It is suggested that the coexistence of N2 gas with O2 gas shifts the TiO2 formation boundary towards the low oxygen concentration, which leads to various N (N oxide) doping states on N-doped TiOx film.
Spontaneous Vesicle Self-Assembly: A Mesoscopic View of Membrane Dynamics (2011)

Amphiphilic vesicles are ubiquitous in living cells and industrially interesting as drug delivery vehicles. Vesicle self-assembly proceeds rapidly from nanometer to micrometer length scales and is too fast to image experimentally but too slow for molecular dynamics simulations. Here, we use parallel dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to follow spontaneous vesicle self-assembly for up to 445 μs with near-molecular resolution. The mean mass and radius of gyration of growing amphiphilic clusters obey power laws with exponents of 0.85 ± 0.03 and 0.41 ± 0.02, respectively. We show that DPD provides a computational window onto fluid dynamics on scales unreachable by other explicit-solvent simulations.
Flavonoids from Stephanodoria tomentella (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlavonoids from Stephanodoria tomentellaNianbai Fang, Mark Leidig, and Tom J. MabryCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1986, 49, 4, 737–738Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50046a051https://doi.org/10.1021/np50046a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The intellectual resemblance between sibs (1959)

Summary The younger sibs of a random sample of 11‐year‐old Scottish children were tested individually as they reached the age of 11 years. The average intelligence of the younger sibs is found to be lower than that of the random sample, and explanations of this difference are discussed. It is shown, however, that if one ‘average’ sib is taken for each subject, then the mean score of these ‘sibs’ is not significantly different from that of their subjects. Some implications for the selection of samples of sibs are examined, together with the effect of incomplete families on the estimation of the relationship between intelligence test score and size of sibship. Different methods of ascertaining the correlation for i.q . among sibs are discussed, and the results presented. The correlation coefficient for I.Q. between sibs is found to be of the order of r =+ 0.5.
GASEOUS SIMULATION OF SINGLE-HOLE DIESEL SPRAYS (1987)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Calculations and measurements are presented of the velocity and “fuel” concentration fields in a motored axisymmetric engine where the fuel spray was simulated by a transient gaseous (Freon-12) jet injected into the disk chamber through a single-hole nozzle mounted on the centrally located inlet/exhaust valve. Freon concentration was measured by laser Rayleigh scattering and predicted by a multi-dimensional method. The measured jet was found to spread appreciably faster than the predicted one, for reasons which are not well understood.&lt;/div&gt;
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ERETIC METHOD BY DIGITAL SYNTHESIS OF THE SIGNAL AND ADDITION OF A BROADBAND ANTENNA INSIDE THE NMR PROBE (2002)

Abstract The ERETIC method provides an electronic reference signal which can be used to determine concentrations by NMR spectroscopy. We have evaluated two improvements of the method: addition of a broadband antenna in the NMR probe and digital generation of the ERETIC signal. Five solutions of dioxane, 9.12 mM, and sodium lactate in D2O, at concentrations ranging from 4.24 mM to 43.95 mM, were used to evaluate these modifications to the method. The broadband antenna does not affect the efficiency of the method, but increases its flexibility. The digital synthesis does not modify the precision, the accuracy, or the short-term stability. However, the long-term stability is dramatically improved. The advantage of this development is that the ERETIC method can be implemented on most modern NMR spectrometers without needing any hardware modification. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank R. Robins for editing the English and for critical comments on the manuscript. The contribution of the scientific council of the Pays de la Loire Region to the purchase of a 500 MHz spectrometer is also gratefully acknowledged.
Políticas de conflictos de intereses y requisitos para su declaración en las revistas cardiovasculares nacionales de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (2012)

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is used by biomedical journals to guarantee credibility and transparency of the scientific process. Conflict of interest disclosure, however, is not systematically nor consistently dealt with by journals. Recent joint editorial efforts paved the way towards the implementation of uniform vehicles for conflicts of interest disclosure. This paper provides a comprehensive editorial perspective on classical conflict of interest-related issues. New insights into current conflicts of interest policies and practices among European Society of Cardiology national cardiovascular journals, as derived from a cross-sectional survey using a standardised questionnaire, are discussed.
Patterns of Alcohol and Drug Use in Adolescents Can Be Predicted by Parental Substance Use Disorders (2000)

These results support the critical importance of familial environmental risk factors for the development of SUDs in youth in general and particularly in those at high risk for these disorders. These results highlight adolescence as a critical period for the deleterious effects of exposure to parental SUDs, supporting the need to develop preventive and early intervention strategies targeted at adolescents at high risk for SUDs.
3D electrospun PET nano-fibrous mats with plasma-polymer coating for vascular graft applications (2012)

Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, PO Box 6079, Succ Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada ( Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, 5 Department of Engineering Physics) 3 CHUM Research Center, 2099 Alexandre de Seve, Montreal, QC, H2L 2W5 4 Ecole de technologie superieure, 1100 boul. Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3 E-mail: michel.wertheimer@polymtl.ca
Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on Amorphous Nickel–Cobalt Binary Oxide Nanoporous Layers (2014)

Nanoporous Ni-Co binary oxide layers were electrochemically fabricated by deposition followed by anodization, which produced an amorphous layered structure that could act as an efficient electrocatalyst for water oxidation. The highly porous morphologies produced higher electrochemically active surface areas, while the amorphous structure supplied abundant defect sites for oxygen evolution. These Ni-rich (10-40 atom % Co) binary oxides have an increased active surface area (roughness factor up to 17), reduced charge transfer resistance, lowered overpotential (∼325 mV) that produced a 10 mA cm(-2) current density, and a decreased Tafel slope (∼39 mV decade(-1)). The present technique has a wide range of applications for the preparation of other binary or multiple-metals or metal oxides nanoporous films. Fabrication of nanoporous materials using this method could provide products useful for renewable energy production and storage applications.
Dimer-to-Monomer Transformation of Rhodamine 6G in Aqueous PEO−PPO−PEO Block Copolymer Solutions (2002)

To construct a viable dye-based microlaser, it is necessary to achieve very high dye concentrations in a solid matrix. Increased aqueous solubility of the laser dye Rhodamine 6G has been demonstrated in liquid and gel phases, using the triblock copolymer P123 as a surfactant. An increased monomer concentration and the suppression of aggregation of the dye molecules were observed using spectral absorption and fluorescence measurements. The micellation of P123 was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The optical and thermal data suggest that this micellation process leads to a partitioning of Rhodamine 6G in solution and ultimately drives the equilibrium toward monomer retention. Results from a linear partitioning model support this hypothesis and are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data. These findings pave the way for higher concentrations of Rhodamine 6G to be used in aqueous-based dye lasers and also indicate how Rhodamine 6G could be used in solid-state microlaser systems.
Solubility and interfacial segregation of salts in ternary polyelectrolyte blends (2017)

Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPEs) consisting of ternary blends of charged polymer, neutral polymer, and plasticizer or salt have received much interest for their low volatility and high flexibility of polymers with ion-selective conductivity of the charge-carrying backbone. It has been shown that in these polyelectrolyte blends, where the dielectric constant is relatively low, ionic correlations can significantly influence the miscibility, inducing phase separation even at negative values of χN. Here we present a comprehensive study of phase behavior and interfacial segregation upon the addition of a tertiary component in blends of charged and neutral homopolymers. Using a hybrid of self-consistent field and liquid state theories (SCFT-LS), we investigate the bulk miscibility and the distribution of ions across the interface, looking at interfacial adsorption and selectivity of the minority component. We demonstrate that the competition between ionic correlations and ion entropy induces complex charge-dependent selectivity that can be tuned by the value of Γ, the ionic correlation strength. We show that charge interactions can have a pronounced effect on the interfacial width and tension, especially at low χN.
Reflections concerning triply-periodic minimal surfaces (2012)

In recent decades, there has been an explosion in the number and variety of embedded triply-periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) identified by mathematicians and materials scientists. Only the rare examples of low genus, however, are commonly invoked as shape templates in scientific applications. Exact analytic solutions are now known for many of the low genus examples. The more complex surfaces are readily defined with numerical tools such as Surface Evolver software or the Landau-Ginzburg model. Even though table-top versions of several TPMS have been placed within easy reach by rapid prototyping methods, the inherent complexity of many of these surfaces makes it challenging to grasp their structure. The problem of distinguishing TPMS, which is now acute because of the proliferation of examples, has been addressed by Lord & Mackay (Lord & Mackay 2003 Curr. Sci. 85, 346-362).