gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Marine microbes and climate change - a Qatari prospective (2016)

Overwhelming scientific evidence has emphasized that climate change is a serious global threat driven by human activity and requires a global response. The importance of marine microbial diversity and the involvement of microbes in processes such as the carbon and nitrogen cycles, production and consumption of greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane has been highlighted in the past. Qatari marine environment is unique with an unusual harsh and arid climate, which influences sea salinity and temperature, thus influencing the water density and currents. Of economic importance, these waters are heavily influenced through anthropogenic use. Thus, Qatar's marine flora including the exotic phytoplankton and zooplankton species have adapted and developed a tolerance for extreme conditions. However, despite their relevance for ecosystem functioning, little is known about smaller size classes of organisms (bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi) in coastal habitats, their diversity, their distribution, biological interactions and how they cope with environmental changes. Therefore, a QNRF funded study, a first step towards an understanding and protection of the Qatari marine biosphere, established a baseline of microbial life in the waters surrounding Qatar, in order to monitor and react to the effect of global changes in these waters. Our multi-collaboration project established a comprehensive understanding of microbial biodiversity in Qatari coastal waters using the culture and metagenomic approaches. Results will be presented and the future perspectives discussed. Acknowledgement: This Research was supported by grant (NPRP-6-647-1-127) from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) to Rashmi Fotedar, Teun Boekhout, Jack. W. Fell, and Thorsten Stoeck.
Synthesis of pyrazole derivatives, with biological activity in signal transduction therapy (2010)

In timpul unei analize a kinazei realizate in cadrul unui proces de sortare a unei cantitaţi mari de substanţa, la Nested Chemical Library (NCL) s-a descoperit un puternic derivat pirazol kinazo-inhibitor: 1,3-di-tert-butil-N-(4-fluorofenil)-1,6dihidroimidazo[4,5-c]pirazol-5-amina. Deoarece mostra avea doar 91,3% puritate, analiza biochimica a fost urmata de resintetizarea moleculei respective in puritate de 97%. Analiza biochimica repetata a aratat ca substanţa purificata este inactiva. S-a concluzionat ca activitatea biologica ar trebui pusa pe seama uneia sau a mai multor impuritaţi minore. Spectrul de masa al mostrei chimice originale a prezentat doua componente minore. Acesti imidazo[4,5-c]pirazole-5-yl)-amino derivaţi au fost sintetizaţi in scopuri de validare.
The Relationship between Internal Marketing and Service Quality in Telecommunication Sector (2007)

This paper is to investigate the relationship between international marketing and service quality, and the moderating effect of gender in that relationship. The data to make an empirical analysis were gathered from 269 workers in telecommunication sector. Multiple regression analysis revealed that (1) education was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and (2) internal communication was positively related with tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and (3) delegation of authority was positively related with assurance. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that (4) compensation was more positively related with reliability in woman, and (5) employment security was more positively related with assurance in man.
Theoretical and experimental study of plasma-wave coupling and propagation using phased waveguide arrays and electrostatic structures (1976)

A theoretical and experimental study of the coupling and propagation of electron plasma waves excited by waveguide arrays and electrostatic structures is presented. The waves are excited in a low temperature, linear plasma column in a homogeneous magnetic field. Under appropriate conditions efficient coupling to plasma waves can be obtained. These studies are of relevance to plasma heating in that the modes are identical to those that must be generated in any lower hybrid heating experiment.
Electron transfer sensitized photolysis of 'onium salts (1988)

We have studied the anthracene-sensitized photolyses of both diphenyliodonium and triphenylsulphonium salts in solution using both steady-state and laser flash photolysis techniques. Photoproducts, namely, phenylated anthracenes along with iodobenzene or diphenylsulphide, respectively, are obtained from both salts with quantum efficiencies of ca. 0.1 at 375 nm. We infer the intermediacy of diphenyliodo and triphenylsulphur radicals formed by single electron transfer from the singlet-excited anthracene. We have developed a quantitative model of this chemistry, and identify the principal sources of inefficiency as back electron transfer, which occurs at nearly the theoretically limiting rate, intersystem crossing from the initially formed sensitizer–'onium salt encounter complex, and in-cage radical recombination.
Improving BEM solvers: The Proper Generalized Decomposition Boundary Element Method for solving parabolic problems (2009)

In this work we propose a new approach for solving the heat equation within the Boundary Elements method framework. This technique lies in the use of a separated representation of the unknown field that allows decoupling the space problem (that results steady state) from the temporal one (one dimensional that only involves the time coordinate).
Dynamic spectrum sharing between cooperative relay and ad hoc networks: towards real-time optimal control (2013)

Spectrum sharing is an important technique to improve the spectrum efficiency of dynamic ad hoc networks. However, since the BUSY/IDLE state of the ad hoc traffic could vary quickly, it is difficult to reduce the traffic collisions between coexisting networks. This chapter investigates a spectrum-sharing scenario, where a cooperative relay network intends to access the spectral band of a dynamic ad hoc network without making too many collisions with the ad hoc traffic. Adopting a binary continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) traffic model to characterise and predict the ad hoc traffic, the spectrum access design of the cooperative relay network is formulated as a non-convex optimisation problem. We simplify this spectrum access design problem as a convex optimisation problem, which allows us to obtain a low-complexity optimal spectrum access strategy. Moreover, owing to the dynamic nature of the ad hoc traffic, the optimal spectrum access strategy needs to be attained within a short time and under practical limitations. To this end, we generalise the spectrum access design to an ergodic setting and propose an online spectrum access strategy. This online spectrum access strategy is able to achieve the optimal ergodic performance with negligible control delay, moderate signalling overhead and little computational capability requirement for the user equipment.
Light microscopic histology of supraspinatus tendon ruptures (2007)

We analysed the morphological features of the human surgical specimens of supraspinatus tendon from patients with rotator cuff tears. Tendon samples were harvested from 31 subjects (21 men and 10 women; mean age 51 years, range 38-64) who underwent arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear, and from five male patients who died of cardiovascular events (mean age, 69.6 years). Histological examination was performed using Haematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's Trichrome and Van Gieson's connective tissue stain. The specimens were examined twice by the same examiner under white light and polarized light microscopy. Particular effort was made to assess any evidence of the changes associated with tendinopathy. Within each specific category of tendon abnormalities, the chi-square test showed significant differences between the control and ruptured tendons (P < 0.05). Using the kappa statistics, the agreement between the two readings ranged from 0.57 to 0.84. We found thinning and disorientation of collagen fibres and chondroid metaplasia to be more pronounced on the articular side of the specimens from patients with rotator cuff tear (P < 0.05). The present study provides a description of the histological architecture of human surgical specimens of normal supraspinatus tendon from patients with rotator cuff tears and demonstrates more frequent tendon changes on the articular side of the rotator cuff.
Group Unconscious Common Orientation: Exploratory Study at the Basque Foundation for the Investigation of Mental Health Group Training for Therapists (2014)

Group phenomena have been used since antiquity in therapeutic, social, economic and political domains. According to Bion, the interactions between group members generate a "group unconscious" and its behavior is governed and oriented by Bion's "basic assumptions." The present work has been conducted during group analysis training at the Basque Foundation for the Investigation of Mental Health (OMIE) at Bilbao, consisting of eleven sessions. The participants are presented with an "absurd questionnaire" proposing 50 pairs of images, in each of which one image has to be chosen. The results are used to search for evidence in favor of the influence of group dynamics on individual choices of the images proposed in the questionnaire. Our analysis finds some evidence for an effect of group dynamics both on the initial choice of the pictures and on the evolution of the number of changes (swaps) of picture choices across the eleven sessions. We interpret these effects in the light of Bion's view of group dynamics, which postulates an immediate onset of the unconscious and its evolution during the group activity.
Investigative Methods for Studying the Adhesion and Cell Surface Hydrophobicity of Candida Species: An Overview (2001)

Candidal infections are common opportunistic infections in the compromized and manifest both as superficial and systemic diseases. The superficial infections are by far the commonest form of the disease. Although Candida albicans is the most common Candida species isolated from humans and is responsible for the majority of superficial yeast infections, non-albicans species such as Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis are regularly isolated but to a lesser extent. The adhesion of microorganisms to biological and inert surfaces is a vital prerequisite for successful microbial colonization and infection, and its critical role in the pathogenesis of many fungal infections is widely recognized. Such attachment enables the organisms to avoid dislodgment due to the cleaning action of bathing mucosal secretions, and facilitate infection. Consequently the process of candidal adhesion to biological and inert surfaces has been investigated extensively. These studies include adhesion to biological surfaces such as exfoliated epithelial cells, cultured epithelial cells, endothelial cells, animal tissues and fibrin clots and inert surfaces such as denture prostheses. Cell surface hydrophobicity, a contributory factor facilitating or impeding candidal adhesion has also been investigated by many using a number of techniques, although the biphasic hydrocarbon-aqueous phase assay appears to be the most popular and commonly used. Clearly, an ideal assay for investigating Candida adhesion or cell surface hydrophobicity has yet to be established. However, some assays are better than others with respect to the ease of methodology, reproducibility, and cost effectiveness. In this overview we critically evaluate the investigative methods that are used to assess the adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity of Candida species.
Association of k-ras, b-raf, and p53 Status With the Treatment Effect of Bevacizumab (2005)

We did not find a statistically significant relationship between mutations of k-ras, b-raf, or p53 and the increase in median survival associated with the addition of bevacizumab to IFL in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Pi-Gate SOI MOSFET (2001)

This paper describes computer simulations of various SOI MOSFETs with double and triple gate structures, as well as gate-all-around devices. The concept of a triple-gate device with sidewalls extending into the buried oxide (hereby called a "/spl Pi/-gate" or "Pi-gate" MOSFET) is introduced, The proposed device is simple to manufacture and offers electrical characteristics similar to the much harder to fabricate gate-all-around MOSFET.
A novel platform to produce human monoclonal antibodies (2011)

A new technology has been developed that allows human antibodies to be quickly generated against virtually any antigen. Using a novel process, naïve human B cells are isolated from tonsil tissue and transformed with efficiency up to 85%, thus utilizing a large portion of the human VDJ/VJ repertoire. Through ex vivo stimulation, the B cells class switch and may undergo somatic hypermutation, thus producing a human "library" of different IgG antibodies that can then be screened against any antigen. Since diversity is generated ex vivo, sampling immunized or previously exposed individuals is not necessary. Cells producing the antibody of interest can be isolated through limiting dilution cloning and the human antibody from the cells can be tested for biological activity. No humanization is necessary because the antibodies are produced from human B cells. By eliminating immunization and humanization steps, and screening a broadly diverse library, this platform should reduce both the cost and time involved in producing therapeutic monoclonal antibody candidates.
Attribution of water-exchange mechanism of transition metal hexaaqua ions using quantum chemical methods (1997)

Reference LPI-ARTICLE-1997-037View record in Web of Science Record created on 2006-02-21, modified on 2017-05-12
Polymorphism of the Aromatase Gene in Postmenopausal Italian Women: Distribution and Correlation with Bone Mass and Fracture Risk1 (2001)

Conversion of C(19) steroids to estrogens is catalyzed by the aromatase enzyme. Inactivating mutations of the aromatase gene are associated with decreased bone mineral density in both men and women. Genetic studies suggest that several genes contribute to the regulation of bone mass via interaction with the modeling and remodeling processes. Among these genes, the aromatase gene is a potential candidate to be evaluated for segregation with bone metabolism and bone mass. A tetranucleotide simple tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 4 at the human aromatase cytochrome P-450 gene has been recently described. In the present study we evaluated the distribution of this polymorphism in a cohort of Italian postmenopausal women, both normal and osteoporotic. We observed that the NN genotype was significantly more frequent in nonosteoporotic women than in osteoporotic women (72.7% vs. 27.2%), whereas the DN genotype was significantly more represented in osteoporotic women (90.48% vs. 9.5%; Pearson's chi(2) test = 42.8; df = 10; P = or < 0.01). The allele containing the longer TTTA repeats was statistically more represented in nonosteoporotic women (Pearson's chi(2) test = 19.14; df = 2; P = 0.00007). In addition, women with a high number of TTTA repeats had a significantly higher lumbar bone mineral density than women with alleles containing 8-11 TTTA repeats (P = 0.03). Finally, considering the spine fractures, a significantly higher incidence was observed in women with shorter TTTA repeats than in those with longer TTTA repeats (Pearson's chi(2) test = 7.3; df = 2; P = 0.02), equivalent to a relative risk of 4.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.19-13.87). In conclusion, the aromatase gene can be one of the several genes potentially involved in the maintenance of bone mass and in the regulation of bone mass loss.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IMMUNE CELLS ACTIVATION AND CYTOTOXICITY UPON EXPOSURE PATHOGEN AND GLYCOCONJUGATES (2010)

Peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC) including macrophages are key players in the immune responses against pathogens. Any infection could be attenuated if PMNC would be activated and capable to kill pathogen on exposure. It was shown that glycoconjugates (GCs) play an important role in adhesion to, activation, and recognition of pathogens. Nitric oxide (NO) is a regulatory molecule released by immune cells against pathogens that include bacteria, protozoa, helminthes, and fungi. NO is a highly reactive and diffusible molecule that controls replication or intracellular killing of pathogens during infection and immune responses against infections caused by pathogens. Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores were used as a model in our study. The purpose of this study was two‐fold: A) to analyze PMNC activation through NO production and B) to determine the cytotoxicity effect based on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) upon exposure to pathogen exerted by GCs. The latter were used “prior to,” “during,” and “following” PMNC exposure to pathogen in order to modulate immune responses to spores during phagocytosis. Post‐phagocytosis study involved the assessment of NO and LDH release by macrophages upon exposure to spores. Results have shown that untreated PMNC released low levels of NO. However, in the presence of GCs, PMNC were activated and produced high levels of NO under all experimental conditions. In addition, the results showed that GC1, GC3 are capable of increasing PMNC activity as evidenced by higher NO levels under the “prior,” “during” and “following” to pathogen exposure conditions. On the other hand, GCs were capable of controlling cytotoxicity and decreased LDH levels during phagocytosis of spores. Our findings suggest that GCs stimulate NO production by activating PMNC and decrease cytotoxicity caused by pathogens on PMNC.
Efficient Syntheses of β-Sesquiphellandrene and Zingiberenol Employing a Tandem Arylation-Multistep Reduction-Hydrolysis Sequence1 (1986)

Abstract The title sesquiterpenes are synthesized in one step from the common intermediate 4-(6-methyl-5-hepten-2-yl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one, which is prepared using a one-pot tandem arylation-multistep reduction-hydrolysis sequence.
Interventions used in disease management programmes for patients with chronic illness---which ones work? Meta-analysis of published reports (2002)

All studied interventions were associated with improvements in provider adherence to practice guidelines and disease control. The type and number of interventions varied greatly, and future studies should directly compare different types of intervention to find the most effective.
Moloney murine leukemia virus activates NF-kappa B (1996)

Nonacutely transforming retroviruses, such as Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV), differ from transforming viruses in their mechanisms of tumor induction. While the transforming viruses cause tumors by transduction of oncogenes, the leukemia retroviruses, lacking oncogenes, employ other mechanisms, including promoter insertion and enhancer activation. Although these two mechanisms occur in many tumors induced by leukemia viruses, a substantial proportion of such tumors do not show site-specific proviral insertions. Thus, other, unidentified virus-driven mechanisms may participate in tumorigenesis. In these studies, we show that infection of cells by M-MuLV activates expression of Rel family transcription factors. In murine cells chronically infected with M-MuLV, gel shift analyses with kappaB DNA-binding motifs from the murine immunoglobulin kappa light chain enhancer demonstrated induction of at least two distinct kappaB enhancer-binding complexes. Supershifting and immunoblotting analyses defined p50, p52, RelB, and c-Rel subunits as constituents of these virus-induced protein complexes. Transient transfections performed with kappaB-dependent reporter plasmids showed transcriptional activation in M-MuLV-infected cells relative to uninfected cells. Induction of Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factor activity by M-MuLV infection may prove relevant to the mechanism of M-MuLV-induced leukemia.
Features for voice activity detection: a comparative analysis (2015)

In many speech signal processing applications, voice activity detection (VAD) plays an essential role for separating an audio stream into time intervals that contain speech activity and time intervals where speech is absent. Many features that reflect the presence of speech were introduced in literature. However, to our knowledge, no extensive comparison has been provided yet. In this article, we therefore present a structured overview of several established VAD features that target at different properties of speech. We categorize the features with respect to properties that are exploited, such as power, harmonicity, or modulation, and evaluate the performance of some dedicated features. The importance of temporal context is discussed in relation to latency restrictions imposed by different applications. Our analyses allow for selecting promising VAD features and finding a reasonable trade-off between performance and complexity.
Photoluminescent Porous Alginate Hybrid Materials Containing Lanthanide Ions (2008)

The photoluminescence features of Eu(3+)-, Tb(3+)-, Tb(3+)/Eu(3+)-alginate aerogel (hydrogel and alcogel) and Eu(3+)-alginate xerogel hybrids were investigated. The Eu(3+)-alginate aerogel and alcogel exhibit the highest (5)D0 quantum efficiencies (9.9 and 8.2%, respectively), while the hydrogel and xerogel have lower values (5.2 and 5.6%, respectively). The Tb(3+)/Eu(3+) hybrids are multiwavelength emitters in which the emission color can be tuned across the chromaticity diagram from the red toward the yellowish-green spectral regions, crossing the white area by selecting the excitation wavelength.
Supplementary Figure Legends from PD-1 Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas Derives Primarily from Functionally Anergic CD4<sup>+</sup> TILs in the Presence of PD-L1<sup>+</sup> TAMs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains the figure legends for supplementary figures 1-9. Supplementary Figure 1. Staining pattern of tumoral PD-L1 staining. Supplementary Figure 2. Tumoral PD-L1 staining in association with PD-1, CD8, and CD4 TILs. Supplementary Figure 3. Representative multi-color immunofluorescence staining shows that PD-1+CD4+ T cells demonstrate greater PD-1 expression than PD1+CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure 4. Representative multi-color immunofluorescence staining of a PD-L1 negative tumor shows that PD-1+CD4+ T cells demonstrate greater PD-1 expression than PD1+CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure 5. CD4+ T cells show markedly more specific PD-L1 localization in OTSCC tumors compared to CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure 6. Representative multi-color immunofluorescence staining of an OTSCC tumor shows that PD-1+CD4+ T cells demonstrate greater PD-1 expression than PD1+CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure 7. Higher magnification multi-color immunofluorescence staining of a representative OTSCC tumor stained with PD-L1, PD-1, CD4, and CD8. Supplementary Figure 8. Diffuse tumoral PD-L1 staining shows low infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Supplementary Figure 9. Representative multi-color immunofluorescence staining of FoxP3, PD1, and Ki67 in OTSCC.&lt;/p&gt;
[HPLC/ESI MS and MALDI/TOF MS analysis of microheterogeneity of the N-linked oligosaccharides of recombinant human erythropoietin]. (2000)

The acetylation of multi-antennary oligosaccharide will improve the activity of rHuEPO in vivo. The biantennary oligosaccharide was found mainly existing at N-24. For the first time, the carbohydrate structures of each N-linked glycosylated site of Chinese-made rHuEPO were reported.