gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modified ALD TaN Barrier with Ru Liner and Dynamic Cu Reflow for 36nm Pitch Interconnect Integration (2018)

Integration of thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) TaN films modified by physical vapor deposition post-treatment (PPT) and in-situ plasma treatment (IPT) was investigated on 36nm pitch BEOL structures. The PPT and IPT processes produce an interface more suitable for liner (Co/Ru) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) of Cu seed. This results in improvement in Cu gap-fill for both traditional Cu seed/plating process with 15 Å chemical vapor deposition (CVD) Co liner and dynamic PVD Cu reflow (DCR) on 20 Å CVD Ru liner. The PPT also decreased via resistance (R) by sputtering TaN at bottom of the via. IPT processes densify the ALD films and improve EM performance. A promising integration scheme of 20 Å ALD+IPT TaN/20Å Ru/DCR was developed with 20X improvement in electromigration.
Complete Trifurcation of the Urethra (1980)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Mar 1980Complete Trifurcation of the Urethra Amery Wirtshafter, Hernan M. Carrion, Gaston Morillo, and Victor A. Politano Amery WirtshafterAmery Wirtshafter More articles by this author , Hernan M. CarrionHernan M. Carrion More articles by this author , Gaston MorilloGaston Morillo More articles by this author , and Victor A. PolitanoVictor A. Politano More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)55970-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail The first case of complete trifurcation of the anterior urethra is presented. The embryology, previous classifications and symptoms are discussed. © 1980 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 123Issue 3March 1980Page: 431-432 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1980 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Amery Wirtshafter More articles by this author Hernan M. Carrion More articles by this author Gaston Morillo More articles by this author Victor A. Politano More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Interpretation of Retrospective BG Measurements (2018)

Linear piecewise interpolation provides the best estimate of intermediate BG dynamics and all analyses comparing GC protocol performance should use minutely linearly interpolated BG data.
Phase changeable vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films grown from vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) using femtosecond pulsed laser deposition (2020)

There are significant challenges accompanied by fabricating a pure crystalline VO2 (M1) thin film with an abrupt metal to insulator phase change properties. Most fabrication methods yield an amorphous VO2 thin film that requires a post-annealing process to be converted into crystalline VO2 (M1). Hence, the thickness of VO2 (M1) films produced is very limited. In this work, we report the growth of pure VO2 (M1) crystalline thin films onto a sapphire substrate in an oxygen atmosphere by the femtosecond pulsed laser deposition technique and using vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) as an ablation target. The thin films were deposited at substrate temperatures of 25 °C, 400 °C, and 600 °C, which reveal the crystallized structures of VO2 (M1) without post-annealing. The thin film deposited at a substrate temperature of 600 °C exhibits a sharp and an abrupt metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) at a temperature of 66.0 ± 2.5 °C with nearly four orders of magnitude of the resistivity change (3.5 decades) and a narrow MIT hysteresis width of 3.9 °C. Furthermore, the influence of the substrate temperature, nanoparticle or grain size, and film thickness on the MIT parameters such as sharpness of the transition temperature, hysteresis width, and amplitude are discussed for potential applications of tunable antennas, terahertz planar antennas, and RF-microwave switches.
Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Lactate Salt on Sleep Deprivation-Induced Fatigue in Mice (2010)

Chitooligosaccharides (COS), oligosaccharides composed of two to seven glucosamine residues, are known to exhibit various biological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of COS in an in vivo mouse sleep deprivation-induced fatigue model in an effort to develop a functional food with anti-fatigue efficacy. Male Balb/c mice were orally administered 500 mg (kg d)(-1) of COS lactate or COS HCl for 2 weeks, and severe fatigue was induced by sleep deprivation. To evaluate the extent of fatigue, the swimming time, representing the immobility time, was measured in a forced swim test. As a result, oral intake of COS lactate-manifested anti-fatigue effects could be observed by the attenuation of fatigue-induced body weight loss and shorter immobility period. In addition, COS lactate was shown to alleviate the fatigue-induced increase in cortisol and lipid peroxidation and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Of particular note, the oral administration of COS lactate increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and the mitochondrial number significantly, indicating that COS lactate may enhance mitochondrial function. In support of this, COS lactate increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and cytochrome c (Cyt C) mRNA, indicating that it may increase mitochondrial biogenesis. These results suggest that COS lactate can be an effective anti-fatigue functional food, and this anti-fatigue effect may result from, at least in part, the enhancement of mitochondrial biogenesis and the inhibition of free radical generation.
VEGF‐induced heme oxygenase‐1 confers cytoprotection from lethal hyperoxia in vivo (2007)

Prolonged exposure to hyperoxia results in hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to have cytoprotective effects and prolong survival in an in vivo model of HALI. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has protective effects in hyperoxia; therefore, we hypothesized that induction of HO-1 would be an important contributor to VEGF-induced cytoprotection. Using inducible, lung-specific VEGF overexpressing transgenic mice, we demonstrated that VEGF is a potent inducer of HO-1 mRNA and protein in mouse lung. To evaluate the effect of inhibition of HO-1 on injury, VEGF transgenic mice were treated with HO-1 short interfering RNA (HO-1 siRNA) and exposed to hyperoxia. Total lung lavage protein concentration, TUNEL staining, lipid peroxidation, and wet-to-dry ratio were all increased, consistent with increased injury. These findings were corroborated by survival studies in which inhibition of HO-1 function using tin-protoporphryin or silencing of HO-1 with lentiviral HO-1 short hairpin RNA (ShRNA) significantly decreased survival in hyperoxia. We conclude from these data that VEGF-induced HO-1 is an important contributor to cytoprotection in this in vivo model of acute lung injury and that alterations in VEGF function in the lung are likely to be important determinants of the outcome of acute lung injury.
User-friendly software system for analyzing antennas and radiowave propagation links (2003)

The authors describe a software system that simplifies the use of proven analysis codes by interfacing them with a user-friendly, Windows-based pre-/postprocessor. A user with only a basic understanding of PCs and Windows will be able to use the system to predict the performance of any antenna structure or communication link. This broad applicability is achieved by integrating a unique selection of available algorithms into a single package. The system uses closed-form and simple moment method (MM) solutions that allow an analyst to perform quick parametric studies of generic antenna types. It also uses state-of-the-art MM and GTD (geometric theory of diffraction) codes to model in detail virtually any antenna structure of any size. Propagation codes are included so that complete end-to-end system performance can be determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reactions of Hydroxyl Radicals with Several Hydrofluorocarbons: The Temperature Dependencies of the Rate Constants for CHF2CF2CH2F (HFC-245ca), CF3CHFCHF2 (HFC-236ea), CF3CHFCF3 (HFC-227ea), and CF3CH2CH2CF3 (HFC-356ffa) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Hydroxyl Radicals with Several Hydrofluorocarbons: The Temperature Dependencies of the Rate Constants for CHF2CF2CH2F (HFC-245ca), CF3CHFCHF2 (HFC-236ea), CF3CHFCF3 (HFC-227ea), and CF3CH2CH2CF3 (HFC-356ffa)Zhengyu Zhang, S. Padmaja, Rameshwar D. Saini, Robert E. Huie, and Michael J. KuryloCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 16, 4312–4315Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100067a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100067a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
P1674Vascular Complications with Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement devices (2018)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established treatment modality for patients with aortic stenosis. Novel technological advancements have made this percutaneous minimally invasive therapy a first-line treatment for many patients at severe and most recently at intermediate risk for conventional cardiac surgery. However, despite this rising uptrend and technology improvements, vascular complications remain an Achilles heel for percutaneous aortic valve replacement. We set out to provide a comparative analysis of the incidence of vascular complications across first and second generation TAVR devices and their impact on clinical outcomes. Methods and results: An international, multi-centre registry was established to pursue collaborative research projects in the field of structural heart disease. Demographic, procedural and outcome data for the present study have been collected in 1018 patients undergoing TAVR. Vascular complications (minor or major) occurred in 245 patients (24%). At 30 day follow up, cardiovascular mortality was significant higher in the group with vascular complications (13% vs 4%; odds ratio (OR):1.37, 95% CI [1.06-1.77], p=0.01). Also cardiovascular mortality at one year remained higher in subjects with vascular complications (25% vs 16%; hazard ratio (HR): 1.15, 95% CI [1.0-1.33], p=0.05). When analyzed separately, as compared to the control group, mortality significantly increased in subjects who developed both major (37% vs 18%; (HR): 1.63, 95% CI [1.25-2.12],p<0.001) and minor vascular complications (28% vs 18%; (HR): 1.65, 95% CI [1.27-2.23], p=0.01). Conclusion: Vascular complications are a major determinant of mortality after TAVR. Mortality increases substantially after any provoked vascular damage irrespectively of whether this is major or minor. Efforts should be directed towards the minimize this complication to further improve survival after TAVR.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil ofPycnanthemum floridanumE. Grant and Epling (1994)

ABSTRACT The essential oils of two clones of Pycnanthemum floridanum, an endemic species in N. America, were examined by GC and GC/MS. Forty constituents were identified in the oils, of which menthone (32.15%), pulegone (39.83%) and piperitone (10.43%) were the major constituents of one clone, while the predominant components of the second clone were neomenthol (13.72%) and pulegone (59.97%).
A level-set model driven by Bidimensional EMD for sonar image segmentation (2011)

This paper proposes a new multiphase level set model. Its energy function is driven by Bidimensional EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition) to resolve the segmentation problem of sonar image. We introduce the EMD and BEMD, and give the steps of BEMD. It is used to extract intrinsic components of images. Then, we integrate them into the VC's (Vese-Chan) multiphase level set energy functions to resolve the sensitiveness of level set models to noise. Experimental results show that the segmentation results of our method is superior than the VC level set model.
Algorithm for ad-hoc piconet topology initialization (2003)

This paper deals with piconet topology issues in IEEE802.15.3 high rate wireless personal area network standard. These issues preventing two devices to establish a connection come from the coexistence of two conflicting concepts: ad-hoc networking and centralized coordination. An algorithm for the initialization of the topology of the piconet is proposed. This algorithm leads to a probability higher than 95% of connection success in the whole power emission range defined by the standard.
Enhanced viral resistance in transgenic mice expressing the human beta 1 interferon (1988)

Recombinant plasmids pMTIF-beta 1A and pMTIF-beta 1B were constructed by fusing the metallothionein I promoter-regulatory region to the human beta 1 interferon (HuIFN-beta 1) gene. These linearized fusion genes were then introduced into mouse germ lines by zygote microinjection. The chromosomal integration and the germ line transmission of the injected DNA sequences in the resulting transgenic mice were detected by DNA dot blot and Southern transfer hybridizations. The sera of at least two strains of metallothionein/HuIFN transgenic mice were found to protect human WISH cells against vesicular stomatitis virus infection, and this activity could be neutralized by preincubation with anti-HuIFN-beta 1 antibody. These transgenic mice demonstrated significantly enhanced resistance to pseudorabies virus compared with nontransgenic mice when inoculated with pseudorabies virus. The level of resistance seemed to correlate with the concentrations of HuIFN-beta 1 in serum. These transgenic mice may be used as models to study IFN-induced responses and may serve as prototypes to generate disease-resistant animals.
NR2A Subunit Expression Shortens NMDA Receptor Synaptic Currents in Developing Neocortex (1997)

NMDA receptors play important roles in learning and memory and in sculpting neural connections during development. After the period of peak cortical plasticity, NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs (NMDAR EPSCs) decrease in duration. A likely mechanism for this change in NMDA receptor properties is the molecular alteration of NMDA receptor structure by regulation of NMDA receptor subunit gene expression. The four modulatory NMDAR2A-D (NR2A-D) NMDA receptor subunits are known to alter NMDA receptor properties, and the expression of these subunits is regulated developmentally. It is unclear, however, how the four NR2 subunits are expressed in individual neurons and which NR2 subunits are important to the regulation of NMDA receptor properties during development in vivo. Analysis of NR2 subunit gene expression in single characterized neurons of postnatal neocortex revealed that cells expressing NR2A subunit mRNA had faster NMDAR EPSCs than cells not expressing this subunit, regardless of postnatal age. Expression of NR2A subunit mRNA in cortical neurons at even low levels seemed sufficient to alter the NMDA receptor time course. The proportion of cells expressing NR2A and displaying fast NMDAR EPSCs increased developmentally, thus providing a molecular basis for the developmental change in mean NMDAR EPSC duration.
LiMnPO4 Nanoplates via Solid-State Reaction in Molten Hydrocarbon for Li-Ion Cathode (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Chapter 1 Introduction (2010)

Islam began in western Arabia with the preaching of Prophet Muhammad (ca. 570–632 CE) and has since spread through expansion, economic trade, missionaries, and migration. CE is an abbreviation of Common Era and is the system used in this book. In this system for recording dates, 2009 CE represents 1430 after Hegira (abbreviated as AH). During his life, Mohammad was able to unite virtually the whole of the Arabian Peninsula under Islam. After his death, Islam expanded north into Syria (636 CE), east into Persia and beyond (636 CE), and west into Egypt (640 CE), and then into Spain (711 CE). Dissention about the procedure for choice of the Muslim leader (caliph) led to the proclamation of a rival caliph in Damascus in 661 and the establishment of the Shia faith (Donner 2004). Islam arrived in the area known today as Pakistan in 711 when the Umayyad dynasty sent a Muslim Arab army that conquered the northwestern part of Indus Valley from Kashmir to the Arabian Sea (Esposito and Donner 1999). Today, the majority of Muslims worldwide are Sunni but Shia Muslims constitute the majority of the population in Iran as well as are significant minorities in Pakistan, India, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
Longitudinal comparisons of results in surgical resection and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEI): Change in treatment strategy for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (2004)

4135 Background: Both surgical resection and local ablation therapy such as PEI have been widely used for patients (pts) with small HCC. Each treatment is selected mainly according to the technical feasibility of treatment because retrospective data suggest that the two treatments are comparable in terms of survival. To assess longitudinal changes in treatment strategy for small HCC, two retrospective comparative studies were conducted in the 4 major center hospitals where pretreatment conferences are well organized by surgeons and nonsurgical specialists for PEI. Methods: Clinical information on the patient characteristics was compared between patients with newly diagnosed small HCC (smaller than 3 cm and 3 or less in number) in 1990–1994 and 1998–1999 who underwent surgery or PEI before introduction of radiofrequency ablation therapy in each hospital. Long-term results with reference to their survival significance were also analyzed. Results: Of the 97 pts in 1990–1994, 58 (60%) underwent surgery and 39 (40%) were treated with PEI. In the 151 pts in 1998–1999, 95 (63%) were surgically treated and 56 (37%) received PEI. No significant differences in patient characteristics between the 1990–1994 pts and the 1998–1999 pts were observed except for a better bilirubin level in the 1998–1999 pts. In the surgical pts, the 1998–1999 pts included more pts with solitary tumors and showed better hepatic reserve according to the ICG test, and better albumin and bilirubin levels compared to the 1990–1994 pts. In the PEI pts, the 1998–1999 pts were older and included more pts with cirrhosis than the 1990–1994 pts. Although the overall survival rates were identical between the 1990–1994 pts and the 1998–1999 pts, the 1998–1999 surgical pts survived significantly longer (p=0.03), and the PEI pts tended to survive shorter (p=0.09) compared to the 1990–1994 pts. Conclusions: This study suggests that either surgery or PEI is being selected according to risk of surgical morbidity is being promoted, resulting in longitudinal changes in outcome of pts treated with each approach. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Supplementary Data File 2 from Phase II Investigation of TVB-2640 (Denifanstat) with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse High-Grade Astrocytoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;RNA Analysis Summary&lt;/p&gt;
Evolutionary-fuzzy prediction for strategic QoS routing in broadband networks (2002)

We present an application of evolutionary-fuzzy prediction in inter-domain routing of broadband network connections with quality of services requirements in the case of an integrated ATM and SDH networking architecture. The higher-layer nature of inter-domain routing requires us to review the whole routing process in order to maximize performance at low decision making cost, a clear case for fuzzy-set logic based algorithms. In order to probabilistically avoid shortage of resources, besides effectively computing the feasible paths for an incoming connection request, under uncertainty, these paths should be compared in terms of the negative impact in resource supply which may be caused by other connections. To do this, besides enriching the protocol with vectors of per-class shadow cost metrics, quantized using fuzzy-set theory, we used a subset-interactive autoregressive time-series predictor which is based on fuzzy measures to evaluate path costs under supply metrics that change over time. Moreover, as the connections we are dealing with are semi-permanent, we must take into account the connections lifetime. The complete system is part of the MISA (Management of Integrated SDH and ATM) network architecture and will be implemented and evaluated in the global broadband connection service of the pan-European test-bed.
Virus-induced gene silencing in diverse maize lines using the brome mosaic virus-based silencing vector. (2012)

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a widely used tool for gene function studies in many plant species, though its use in cereals has been limited. In addition, within cereal species the varieties that best respond during VIGS screens are often not known. Using a Brome mosaic virus (BMV) vector designed to silence the maize phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene, a genetically diverse set of maize inbred lines was screened for development of gene silencing after inoculation of seeds through the novel use of a vascular puncture inoculation technique. In addition to Va35, which previously was shown to support silencing, maize lines NC300, Ki11, Oh7b, M162W and CML52 displayed significant visible photobleaching when challenged with the BMV-PDS. In these plants, targeted PDS mRNA expression was decreased 50-80% relative to levels in plants that were inoculated with BMV containing a fragment of the GUS gene or were mock-inoculated.
Stimulation by quinine of protein biosynthesis in pancreatic islets (1991)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Supplementary Figure 3 from Phase 1 Open-Label, Multicenter Study of First-in-Class RORγ Agonist LYC-55716 (Cintirorgon): Safety, Tolerability, and Preliminary Evidence of Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Baseline RORgt (RORC2) expression is variable from patient to patient.&lt;/p&gt;