gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanomechanical Quantum Memory for Superconducting Qubits (2004)

Many protocols for quantum computation require a quantum memory element to store qubits. We discuss the accuracy with which quantum states prepared in a Josephson junction qubit can be stored in a nanoelectromechanical resonator and then transfered back to the junction. We find that the fidelity of the memory operation depends on both the junction-resonator coupling strength and the location of the state on the Bloch sphere. Although we specifically focus on a large-area, current-biased Josesphson junction phase qubit coupled to the dilatational mode of a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical disk resonator, many our results will apply to other qubit-oscillator models.
Regulation of Human Cytidine Triphosphate Synthetase 1 by Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (2007)

Cytidine triphosphate synthetase (CTPS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of CTP, and both the yeast and human enzymes have been reported to be regulated by protein kinase A or protein kinase C phosphorylation. Here, we provide evidence that stimulation or inhibition of protein kinase A and protein kinase C does not alter the phosphorylation of endogenous human CTPS1 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells under the conditions tested. Unexpectedly, we found that low serum conditions increased phosphorylation of endogenous CTPS1 and this phosphorylation was inhibited by the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor indirubin-3'-monoxime and GSK3beta short interfering RNAs, demonstrating the involvement of GSK3 in phosphorylation of endogenous human CTPS1. Separating tryptic peptides from [(32)P]orthophosphate-labeled cells and analyzing the phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry identified Ser-574 and Ser-575 as phosphorylated residues. Mutation of Ser-571 demonstrated that Ser-571 was the major site phosphorylated by GSK3 in intact human embryonic kidney 293 cells by GSK3 in vitro. Furthermore, mutation of Ser-575 prevented the phosphorylation of Ser-571, suggesting that phosphorylation of Ser-575 was necessary for priming the GSK3 phosphorylation of Ser-571. Low serum was found to decrease CTPS1 activity, and incubation with the GSK3 inhibitor indirubin-3'-monoxime protected against this decrease in activity. Incubation with an alkaline phosphatase increased CTPS1 activity in a time-dependent manner, demonstrating that phosphorylation inhibits CTPS1 activity. This is the first study to investigate the phosphorylation and regulation of human CTPS1 in human cells and suggests that GSK3 is a novel regulator of CTPS activity.
Dual-mode wireless sensor network for real-time contactless in-door health monitoring (2015)

Due to the ageing population, real-time and autonomous health monitoring is an emerging priority in ambient assisted living. In this work, a wireless sensor network is proposed for home environments by which the sensors are dualmode radars, enabling concurrent remote localization of a person (i.e., without use of a tag) and fall detection. We elaborate on the network architecture, and in particular on the signaling as to enable real-time data processing (i.e., max. delay is 0.3 s) combined with radar-based wireless sensing. The approach is successfully demonstrated experimentally.
Preparation of carbonate apatite scaffolds using different carbonate solution and soaking time (2019)

The aim of this study is to fabricate CO3Ap scaffolds using a dissolution-precipitation reaction during hydrothermal treatment. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) was used as a precursor instead of the commonly used alpha-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP). Here, the CO3Ap scaffold fabrication was accomplished in two steps: i) fabrication of ?-TCP scaffold using a combination of direct foaming and a sacrificial template and ii) hydrothermal conversion of the ?-TCP scaffold at 200?C in 2mol/l NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 aqueous solutions for 2-10 days. The effect of two different solutions was identified in the dissolution-precipitation reaction. CO3Ap scaffold with 8.95wt.% carbonate content was successfully fabricated using a NaHCO3 solution. The average pore size of the scaffold was approximately 180 ?m with 72% porosity. The average compressive strength of the CO3Ap scaffold was 0.7MPa. Based on the compressive strength and carbonate content results, NaHCO3 aqueous solutions were chosen as carbonate sources for phase transformation to fabricate a CO3Ap scaffold over 6 days.
Passive immunotherapy of viral infections: 'super-antibodies' enter the fray (2018)

Antibodies have been used for more than 100 years in the therapy of infectious diseases, but a new generation of highly potent and/or broadly cross-reactive human monoclonal antibodies (sometimes referred to as 'super-antibodies') offers new opportunities for intervention. The isolation of these antibodies, most of which are rarely induced in human infections, has primarily been achieved by large-scale screening for suitable donors and new single B cell approaches to human monoclonal antibody generation. Engineering the antibodies to improve half-life and effector functions has further augmented their in vivo activity in some cases. Super-antibodies offer promise for the prophylaxis and therapy of infections with a range of viruses, including those that are highly antigenically variable and those that are newly emerging or that have pandemic potential. The next few years will be decisive in the realization of the promise of super-antibodies.
Diffusion tensor imaging assessment of microstructural brainstem integrity in Chiari malformation Type I (2016)

OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is primarily based on the degree of cerebellar tonsillar herniation even though it does not always correlate with symptoms. Neurological dysfunction in CM-I presumably results from brainstem compression. With the premise that conventional MRI does not reveal brain microstructural changes, this study examined both structural and microstructural neuroimaging metrics to distinguish patients with CM-I from age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. METHODS Eight patients with CM-I and 16 controls were analyzed. Image postprocessing involved coregistration of anatomical T1-weighted with diffusion tensor images using 3D Slicer software. The structural parameters included volumes of the posterior fossa, fourth ventricle, and tentorial angle. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated separately in the anterior and posterior compartments of the lower brainstem. RESULTS The mean age of patients in the CM-I cohort was 42.6 ± 10.4 years with mean tonsillar herniation of 12 mm (SD 0.7 mm). There were no significant differences in the posterior fossa volume (p = 0.06) or fourth ventricular volume between the 2 groups (p = 0.11). However, the FA in the anterior brainstem compartment was significantly higher in patients with CM-I preoperatively (p = 0.001). The FA values normalized after Chiari decompression except for persistently elevated FA in the posterior brainstem compartment in patients with CM-I and syrinx. CONCLUSIONS In this case-control study, microstructural alterations appear to be reliably associated with the diagnosis of CM-I, with a significantly elevated FA in the lower brainstem in patients with CM-I compared with controls. More importantly, the FA values normalized after decompressive surgery. These findings should be validated in future studies to determine the significance of diffusion tensor imaging-based assessment of brainstem microstructural integrity as an adjunct to the clinical assessment in patients with CM-I.
Temperature-Dependent RF Large-Signal Model of GaN-Based MOSHFETs (2008)

A temperature-dependent RF large-signal model is constructed by modifying the Verilog-A code of the Angelov model for unique characteristics of GaN MOSHFETs. Different from the previously reported EEHEMT-based model, the present electro-thermal model can fit the temperature effects on threshold shift and transconductance degradation, the drain current in the linear region, and the gate capacitance near the cutoff region. As the result, the power, gain, efficiency, linearity, drain current, and gate current of both Class-A and Class-AB amplifiers are accurately simulated over a wide range of input powers, matching impedances, and ambient temperatures.
HO-1 Induction Improves The Type-1 Cardiorenal Syndrome in Mice With Impaired Angiotensin II–Induced Lymphocyte Activation (2013)

Type-1 cardiorenal syndrome, characterized by acute kidney dysfunction secondary to cardiac failure and renal arteriolar vasoconstriction, is mediated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and sympathetic nervous system activation. Previous reports indicate that angiotensin II modulates immune function and causes recruitment and activation of T-lymphocytes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of postischemic heart failure on renal morphology and circulation and the beneficial effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction in T-lymphocyte-suppressed severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups: sham, myocardial infarction (MI), MI treated with an HO-1 inducer, cobalt protoporphyrin, and with or without stannous mesoporphyrin, an inhibitor of HO activity. Heart and kidney function were studied 30 days after surgery. Fractional area change was reduced 30 days after surgery in both the C57 and SCID MI-groups as compared with their respective controls (P<0.01). Renal Pulsatility Index and renal injury were increased in C57 and SCID MI-groups compared with the sham group. HO-1 induction improved renal vasoconstriction as well as ameliorated renal injury in both the SCID and C57 MI-groups (P<0.01). However, improvement was more evident in SCID mice. In addition, our results showed that plasma creatinine, angiotensin II, and renin were significantly increased in the C57 and SCID MI-groups as compared with their respective controls. HO-1 induction decreased these parameters in both MI groups. Stannous mesoporphyrin reversed the beneficial effect of cobalt protoporphyrin in both mouse strains. The study demonstrates that T-lymphocyte suppression facilitated the HO-1-dependent improvement in the attenuation of type-1 cardiorenal syndrome.
Field effects on the dielectric property of YBCO bicrystal grain boundary junctions (1995)

Electric field effects on YBCO grain boundary Josephson junctions combined with inverted MIS (Metal, Insulator, Superconductor) structures were studied. Current steps and hysteresis recognized in current-voltage curves were strongly affected by the field. The current steps were attributed to the self-excited resonances, i.e., Fiske steps. Both the effects were interpreted by the field dependence of the effective dielectric constant of the grain boundary which has a certain contribution from the large dielectric constant of SrTiO/sub 3/ substrates. The effective dielectric constant normalized with barrier thickness of the junction was estimated to be about 40 nm/sup -1/ for the zero gate voltage and was decreased by a factor of 2 with the electric field of /spl plusmn/16 kV/cm. This feature is assumed adequate for tuning the phase velocity in the bicrystal grain boundaries.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Improvement of wet-oxidized AlxGa1−xAs (x∼1) through the use of AlAs/GaAs digital alloys (2000)

A comparison of the water vapor oxidation characteristics of AlAs, Al0.98Ga0.02As, and an AlxGa1−xAs digital alloy was performed. The AlxGa1−xAs digital alloy consists of periods of 49 monolayers of AlAs and 1 monolayer of GaAs and has an equivalent composition of x=0.98. Oxidation rates and the structural integrity of the three layers were compared. When oxidized in water vapor, the AlxGa1−xAs digital alloy and the AlAs have similar oxidation rates, both of which are twice as fast as the Al0.98Ga0.02As layer. Post-oxidation annealing of these samples at 450 °C showed severe delamination at the oxide/GaAs interface in the AlAs sample while the AlxGa1−xAs digital alloy sample was not damaged.
Efficient identification of hot data for flash memory storage systems (2006)

Hot data identification for flash memory storage systems not only imposes great impacts on flash memory garbage collection but also strongly affects the performance of flash memory access and its lifetime (due to wear-levelling). This research proposes a highly efficient method for on-line hot data identification with limited space requirements. Different from past work, multiple independent hash functions are adopted to reduce the chance of false identification of hot data and to provide predictable and excellent performance for hot data identification. This research not only offers an efficient implementation for the proposed framework, but also presents an analytic study on the chance of false hot data identification. A series of experiments was conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method, and very encouraging results are presented.
TRANSFORMATION REGION OF GLASS* (1943)

A bstract Evidence for the existence of a “transformation region” rather than a “transformation point” in the 10 14 poise range of glasses has been produced by a variety of experiments, both static and dynamic. Refractive index was measured (1) on small specimens quenched in air and (2) directly in the furnace by the single‐prism and three‐prism methods. Quantitative agreement was obtained, and the method of quenched samples is recommended as the simplest of those tested. Thermal expansion coefficients were also determined on the quenched samples. Disannealing lowered the refractive index of glasses; for a borosilicate crown, by an order of 0.006. The change resulting from strains was comparatively small and in the opposite direction so that birefringence was found to be an untrustworthy indicator of the state of a glass. For a series of optical glasses, the difference between the refractive‐index extremes is a function of the lowest temperature at which the minimum index can be realized. Thermal expansion coefficients may also vary with heat‐treatment. Two limiting states of glass are postulated to explain the observations. In between these states lies the region of transformation, including an intermediate state for each temperature between the two limiting temperatures. For all of the glasses e‐xamined, the extent of the transformation region was about 100°C. The rate of transformation into the low‐temperature state may be studied from “equilibrium curves” by plotting stable refractive index as a function ‐of temperature. Whereas the conversion to the high‐temperature state is instantaneous at the upper temperature of the transformation region, the conversion to the low‐temperature condition demands a minimum time at each temperature, which explains why annealing is such a time‐consuming process. The annealing time, however, may be drastically reduced by following the equilibrium curves in a stepwise fashion. With insufficient annealing, higher temperature states are frozen in and transformation continues even at room temperature as proved by measurements extending over sixteen months of study.
International Disaster Response Law (2012)

International Disaster Response Law has developed significantly in the&#13;\nlast decades, as clearly proven by the increasing number of relevant treaties which&#13;\nhave been signed and ratified worldwide. The codification of various aspects&#13;\nrelated to disaster prevention, management, and post-disaster recovery did happen&#13;\nin a pretty short time, very often just as a reaction to new typologies of disasters,&#13;\nsometimes in a confused and unco-ordinated manner, very often causing significant&#13;\noverlapping and contradictions. A closer investigation of the various legal&#13;\ntexts makes evident that there are significant differences in the terminology used,&#13;\ndiscrepancies and inconsistencies between the various treaties and among the&#13;\nvarious treaty levels (bilateral, regional, universal), different stages of development&#13;\nof the rules regulating international co-operation in disaster prevention and&#13;\nmanagement (very sophisticated and comprehensive rules in Latin America, less&#13;\ndetailed legal regulation in the African continent), ongoing confusion and uncertainty&#13;\nabout the borders between soft law and positive law (in disaster prevention&#13;\nand management soft law has a proven record of great influence and importance in&#13;\norienting the behavior of international actors). The need for a better synchronization&#13;\nand co-ordination of the codification activities is inevitably and dramatically&#13;\nemerging. The author focuses the attention on how current international&#13;\ninstruments are directly or indirectly addressing disaster prevention, management,&#13;\nand recovery response. He describes what the legal picture looks like at universal&#13;\nand at regional level and finally addresses existing problems in terms of coordination&#13;\nof legal instruments adopted at various levels (bilateral, regional, and&#13;\nuniversal).
Fat and Energy Balance (1997)

In summary, an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure can explain approximately 80% of the variance in body weight gain in this dietary model of obesity. Several metabolic variables appear to contribute to differences in energy balance. A high RQ and an inappropriate suppression of glucose production by insulin appear to be linked to the increase in energy intake that occurs when obesity-prone rats are provided with the high-fat diet. In addition, early tissue enzymatic differences in obesity-prone versus obesity-resistant rats may contribute to differences in energy expenditure and/or to differences in nutrient partitioning. In this dietary model, susceptibility to dietary obesity involves a metabolic environment that includes a high RQ and a reduced ability of insulin to suppress glucose appearance (FIG. 9). However, this environment does not lead to obesity nor to a measurable difference in body weight gain when the susceptible rats are eating a low-fat diet. The high-fat diet is a necessary catalyst for the observed variability in body weight gain and the development of obesity. As a catalyst, the high-fat diet results in an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure in some, but not all, rats. This imbalance interacts with the permissive metabolic environment (tissue enzymatic profile favoring carbohydrate utilization and lipid storage) to produce obesity on the high-fat diet. Later, in the HFD feeding period, the rate of weight gain is not significantly different between OP and OR rats, although net fat accumulation remains greater in the former group. It is interesting that this later period is characterized by a reduction in the difference in both RQ and energy intake between OP and OR rats. Thus, during the later stages of HFD feeding, the discrepancy in both energy balance and nutrient balance between OP and OR rats is reduced. This dietary model of obesity is relevant to human obesity. While the prevalence of obesity is high, the majority of people are not obese. The high prevalence of obesity may be due to environmental catalysts that interact with inherent behavioral and metabolic characteristics that favor nutrient retention. Resistance to obesity can be achieved by avoiding these environmental catalysts, by having inherent characteristics that prevent nutrient retention, or both. Our work suggests that the complete understanding of obesity will require not only the identification and functional significance of the genes that determine the inherent capacity of the behavioral and metabolic systems, but also the role of environmental catalysts in determining where and how these systems operate.
Metalloporphyrin .pi.-cation radicals: intrinsically ruffled or planar core conformations? Molecular structure mesitylporphinatocopper(II) hexachloroantimonate (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetalloporphyrin .pi.-cation radicals: intrinsically ruffled or planar core conformations? Molecular structure mesitylporphinatocopper(II) hexachloroantimonateHungsun Song, Christopher A. Reed, and W. Robert ScheidtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 17, 6865–6866Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00199a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00199a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Development of a Univariate Membrane-Based Mid-Infrared Method for Protein Quantitation and Total Lipid Content Analysis of Biological Samples (2014)

Biological samples present a range of complexities from homogeneous purified protein to multicomponent mixtures. Accurate qualification of such samples is paramount to downstream applications. We describe the development of an MIR spectroscopy-based analytical method offering simultaneous protein quantitation (0.25-5 mg/mL) and analysis of total lipid or detergent species, as well as the identification of other biomolecules present in biological samples. The method utilizes a hydrophilic PTFE membrane engineered for presentation of aqueous samples in a dried format compatible with fast infrared analysis. Unlike classical quantification techniques, the reported method is amino acid sequence independent and thus applicable to complex samples of unknown composition. By comparison to existing platforms, this MIR-based method enables direct quantification using minimal sample volume (2 µL); it is well-suited where repeat access and limited sample size are critical parameters. Further, accurate results can be derived without specialized training or knowledge of IR spectroscopy. Overall, the simplified application and analysis system provides a more cost-effective alternative to high-throughput IR systems for research laboratories with minimal throughput demands. In summary, the MIR-based system provides a viable alternative to current protein quantitation methods; it also uniquely offers simultaneous qualification of other components, notably lipids and detergents.
Coaxial transitions for CPW-to-CPW flip chip interconnects (2007)

A novel coaxial transition for CPW-to-CPW flip chip interconnect is presented and experimentally demonstrated. To realise the coaxial transition on the CPW circuit, benzocyclobutene was used as the interlayer dielectric between the vertical coaxial transition and the CPW circuit. The coaxial interconnect structure was successfully fabricated and RF characterised to 67 GHz. The structure showed excellent interconnect performance from DC up to 55 GHz with low return loss below 20 dB and low insertion loss less than 0.5 dB even when the underfill was applied to the structure.