gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Translation Patterns of Mythical Images of Chinese Mythology (2022)

In the early 19th century, western missionaries in China founded periodicals like the Chinese Repository to introduce the social situation, culture, and customs in China. In the Chinese Repository, there are a large number of translations of Chinese traditional classic books among which is Soushen Ji and translations of other mythical stories. Mythical images of Chinese mythology are important parts of Soushen Ji because they are representative of Chinese culture and the embodiment of Chinese aesthetics. The translators at that time use certain patterns to translate the mythical images of Chines mythology in order to better introduce Chinese culture and to help readers learn about what the original texts look like. By analyzing the translated text in the Chinese Repository, it is concluded that there are mainly four translation patterns. They are: Cantonese Pinyin + liberal translation in English + background information; liberal translation in English + Cantonese Pinyin + annotation; liberal translation in English + annotation; pictures + Chinese meaning + Cantonese Pinyin + (liberal translation in English) + background information. Against the background of spreading Chinese culture overseas, figuring out an effective way to achieve this goal is important. To discuss the translations by native translators can not only help understand the translation strategies they apply but also provide a reference for translation of Chinese mythology and other similar materials.
The Bioartificial Pancreas: Progress and Challenges (2005)

Diabetes remains a devastating disease, with tremendous cost in terms of human suffering and healthcare expenditures. A bioartificial pancreas has the potential as a promising approach to preventing or reversing complications associated with this disease. Bioartificial pancreatic constructs are based on encapsulation of islet cells with a semipermeable membrane so that cells can be protected from the host's immune system. Encapsulation of islet cells eliminates the requirement of immunosuppressive drugs, and offers a possible solution to the shortage of donors as it may allow the use of animal islets or insulin-producing cells engineered from stem cells. During the past 2 decades, several major approaches for immunoprotection of islets have been studied. The microencapsulation approach is quite promising because of its improved diffusion capacity, and technical ease of transplantation. It has the potential for providing an effective long-term treatment or cure of Type 1 diabetes.
Effect of sensor bias on space-based bearing-only tracker (2008)

This paper examines the effect of sensor bias error on the tracking quality of a space-based infrared (IR) tracking system that utilizes a Linearized Kalman Filter (LKF) for the highly non-linear problem of tracking a ballistic missile. The tracking system consists of two satellites flying in a lead-follower formation tracking a ballistic target. Each satellite is equipped with an IR sensor that provides azimuth and bearing to the target. The tracking problem is made more difficult due to a constant, non-varying or slowly varying bias error present in each sensor's line of sight measurements. The effect of this error on the state vector estimation is explored using different values for sensor accuracy and various degrees of uncertainty of the target and platform dynamic. Scenarios are created using Satellite Toolkit for trajectories with associated sensor observations. Mean Square Error results are given for tracking during the period when the target is in view of the satellite IR sensors. The results of this research provide insight into the accuracy requirements of the sensors and the suitability of the LKF estimator.
Meniscal Replacements (2006)

Abstract Menisci are fibrocartilagenous structures in the knee joint that act to distribute the load from the femur to the tibia. Menisci are frequently torn as a result of sporting activity or degenerative tears associated with aging. Approximately 12.5% of annual visits to orthopedic surgeons are related to knee injury, and of those visits, 43% are directly related to meniscal injuries (see review by McBride and Reid, 1988). Some tears do not heal because they either occur in the avascular region of the meniscus or are too complex for repair. Therefore, the common treatment for these types of tears is either complete or partial meniscectomy depending on the severity of the tear. However, meniscectomies have been shown to lead to degenerative arthritis in the knee. Therefore, in an effort to prevent premature arthritis caused by removal of the meniscus or a portion of the meniscus, meniscal replacement strategies are being investigated. This article will detail the basic structure and function of meniscal tissue and the attachments of the menisci to the surrounding structures. The strengths and weaknesses of various meniscal replacement strategies will be discussed, including autografts, meniscal allografts, synthetic prosthesis, and tissue‐engineered constructs. The success of meniscal replacements likely depends on their ability to restore normal meniscal function both biologically and biomechanically. Previous studies indicate that a number of biomechanical criteria are important for proper meniscal function, such as the material properties and geometry of the replacement tissue as well as the attachment of the replacement to the tibial plateau.
dc Electrical Degradation of Perovskite‐Type Titanates: I, Ceramics (1990)

The rate of the resistance degradation of doped SrTiO 3 ceramics is investigated as a function of various external and material parameters. The effects of the mutually interrelated parameters dc voltage, dc electric field, and thickness of the dielectric are described by power laws. Electron microscopic potential contrast studies show a Maxwell‐Wagner polarization leading to a concentration of the electric field at the grain boundaries during the degradation. Based on this finding, the voltage step per grain boundary, ΔΘ gb , is introduced as a rate‐determining parameter which allows an explanation of the influence of the grain size on the degradation rate as well as the difference in the power laws for ceramic and single‐crystal samples.
ChemInform Abstract: Hierarchical Zeolites: Enhanced Utilization of Microporous Crystals in Catalysis by Advances in Materials Design (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of Clinical Trials of Acute Coronary Syndrome Beyond the Primary Hypothesis (2020)

This review found that trials that achieved the primary objective were frequently cited. Secondary research activity did not differ by primary result, and the primary trials and secondary analyses contributed to clinical practice recommendations. These data show the long-term importance of clinical trials regardless of primary outcome result.
Electrocochleography Observations in a Series of Cochlear Implant Electrode Tip Fold-Overs (2020)

Despite the small number of patients, heterogeneous ECochG response patterns were observed within the fold-over group. Though these results are not conclusive, they can serve as a framework to begin to understand ECochG's utility in detecting intraoperative tip fold-over.
Improved force-directed scheduling in high-throughput digital signal processing (1995)

This paper discusses improved force-directed scheduling and its application in the design of high-throughput DSP systems, such as real-time video VLSL circuits. We present a mathematical justification of the technique of force-directed scheduling, introduced by Paulin and Knight (1989), and we show how the algorithm can be used to find cost-effective time assignments and resource allocations, allowing trade-offs between processing units and memories. Furthermore, we present modifications that improve the effectiveness and the efficiency of the algorithm. The significance of the improvements is illustrated by an empirical performance analysis based on a number of problem instances.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Depth of Central Venous Catheterization: An Audit of Practice in a Cardiac Surgical Unit (1994)

Central venous catheter (CVC) depth relative to the cephalic limit of the pericardial reflection (CLPR) was assessed retrospectively in 100 adult patients from chest radiographs taken after admission to the intensive care unit. A well known landmark proved to be considerably influenced by parallax; therefore we located the CLPR by a new landmark, the junction of the azygos vein and the superior vena cava, identified by the angle of the right main bronchus and the trachea. The majority (58) of CVC tips lay below the pericardial reflection on the first chest radiograph (CXR). Of these only two had been corrected by the time of the next routine CXR. No case of cardiac tamponade secondary to erosion by a CVC could be remembered, or identified from records of routine departmental audit meetings, for the last ten years. Nevertheless, reported incidents of this complication have often been fatal and vigilance is necessary in any patient with a CVC.
Scalable and reliable communication for hardware transactional memory (2008)

In a hardware transactional memory system with lazy versioning and lazy conflict detection, the process of transaction commit can emerge as a bottleneck. This is especially true for a large-scale distributed memory system where multiple transactions may attempt to commit simultaneously and coordination is required before allowing commits to proceed in parallel. In this paper, we propose novel algorithms to implement commit that are more scalable in terms of delay and are free of deadlocks/livelocks. We show that these algorithms have similarities with the token cache coherence concept and leverage these similarities to extend the algorithms to handle message loss and starvation scenarios. The proposed algorithms improve upon the state-of-the-art by yielding up to a 7X reduction in commit delay and up to a 48X reduction in network messages for commit. These translate into overall performance improvements of up to 66% (for synthetic workloads with average transaction length of 200 cycles), 35% (for average transaction length of 1000 cycles), and 8% (for average transaction length of 4000 cycles). For a small group of multi-threaded programs with frequent transaction commits, improvements of up to 8% were observed for a 32-node simulation.
4982Markers of basement membrane remodelling are associated with higher mortality in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis (2018)

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that extracellular water (ECW) was associated with readmission or cardiac death, but an association ECW/total body water (TBW) ratio with rehospitalization of heart failure (HF) in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) have not been well documented.
Comparison of dual based optimization methods for distributed trajectory optimization of coupled semi-batch processes (2020)

Abstract The physical and virtual connectivity of systems via flows of energy, material, information, etc., steadily increases. This paper deals with systems of sub-systems that are connected by networks of shared resources that have to be balanced. For the optimal operation of the overall system, the couplings between the sub-systems must be taken into account, and the overall optimum will usually deviate from the local optima of the sub-systems. However, for reasons, such as problem size, confidentiality, resilience to breakdowns, or generally when dealing with autonomous systems, monolithic optimization is often infeasible. In this contribution, iterative distributed optimization methods based on dual decomposition where the values of the objective functions of the different sub-systems do not have to be shared are investigated. We consider connected dynamic systems that share resources. This situation arises for continuous processes in transient conditions between different steady states and in inherently discontinuous processes, such as batch production processes. This problem is challenging since small changes during the iterations towards the satisfaction of the overarching constraints can lead to significant changes in the arc structures of the optimal solutions for the sub-systems. Moreover, meeting endpoint constraints at free final times complicates the problem. We propose a solution strategy for coupled semi-batch processes and compare different numerical approaches, the sub-gradient method, ADMM, and ALADIN, and show that convexification of the sub-systems around feasible points increases the speed of convergence while using second-order information does not necessarily do so. Since sharing of resources has an influence on whether trajectory dependent terminal constraints can be satisfied, we propose a heuristic for the computation of free final times of the sub-systems that allows the dynamic sub-processes to meet the constraints. For the example of several semi-batch reactors which are coupled via a bound on the total feed flow rate, we demonstrate that the distributed methods converge to (local) optima and highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of the different distributed optimization methods.
Synergistic CPU-GPU Frequency Capping for Energy-Efficient Mobile Games (2017)

Mobile platforms are increasingly using Heterogeneous Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (HMPSoCs) with differentiated processing cores and GPUs to achieve high performance for graphics-intensive applications such as mobile games. Traditionally, separate CPU and GPU governors are deployed in order to achieve energy efficiency through Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) but miss opportunities for further energy savings through coordinated system-level application of DVFS. We present a cooperative CPU-GPU DVFS strategy (called Co-Cap) that orchestrates energy-efficient CPU and GPU DVFS through synergistic CPU and GPU frequency capping to avoid frequency overprovisioning while maintaining desired performance. Unlike traditional approaches that target a narrow set of mobile games, our Co-Cap approach is applicable across a wide range of microbenchmarks and mobile games. Our methodology employs a systematic training phase using fine-grained refinement steps with evaluations of frequency capping tables followed by a deployment phase, allowing deployment across a wide range of microbenchmarks and mobile games with varying graphics workloads. Our experimental results across multiple sets of over 200 microbenchmarks and 40 mobile games show that Co-Cap improves energy per frame by on average 8.9% (up to 18.3%) and 7.8% (up to 27.6%) (16.6% and 15.7% in CPU-dominant applications) and achieves minimal frames-per-second (FPS) loss by 0.9% and 0.85% (1.3% and 1.5% in CPU-dominant applications) on average in training and deployment sets, respectively, compared to the default CPU and GPU governors, with negligible overhead in execution time and power consumption on the ODROID-XU3 platform.
Sex differences in adult rat insulin and glucose responses to arginine: programming effects of neonatal separation, hypoxia, and hypothermia (2016)

Acute neonatal hypoxia, a common stressor, causes a spontaneous decrease in body temperature which may be protective. There is consensus that hypothermia should be prevented during acute hypoxia in the human neonate; however, this may be an additional stress with negative consequences. We hypothesize that maintaining body temperature during hypoxia in the first week of postnatal life alters the subsequent insulin, glucose, and glucagon secretion in adult rats. Rat pups were separated from their dam daily from postnatal days (PD) 2-6 for the following 90 min experimental treatments: (1) normoxic separation (control), (2) hypoxia (8% O<sub>2</sub>) allowing spontaneous hypothermia, (3) normoxic hypothermia with external cold, and (4) exposure to 8% O<sub>2</sub> while maintaining body temperature using external heat. An additional normoxic non-separated control group was performed to determine if separation per se changed the adult phenotype. Plasma insulin, glucose, and glucagon responses to arginine stimulation were evaluated from PD105 to PD133. Maternal separation (compared to non-separated neonates) had more pronounced effects on the adult response to arginine compared to the hypoxic, hypothermic, and hypoxic-isothermic neonatal treatments. Adult males exposed to neonatal maternal separation had augmented insulin and glucose responses to arginine compared to unseparated controls. Additionally, neonatal treatment had a significant effect on body weight gain; adults exposed to neonatal maternal separation were significantly heavier. Female adults had significantly smaller insulin and glucose responses to arginine regardless of neonatal treatment. Neonatal maternal separation during the first week of life significantly altered adult beta-cell function in a sexually dimorphic manner.
Optical Immunosensors for Bacteria Detection in Food Matrices (2023)

Optical immunosensors are one of the most popular category of immunosensors with applications in many fields including diagnostics, environmental and food analysis. The latter field is of particular interest not only for the scientists but also for the regulatory authorities and the public since food is essential for life but can be also the source of many health problems. In this context, the current review aims to provide an overview of the different types of optical immunosensors focusing onto their application for the determination of pathogenic bacteria in food samples. In particular, after the description of main optical transduction techniques, their implementation for the immunochemical determination of bacteria will be discussed. Finally, a short commentary about the future trends in optical immunosensors for food safety applications will be provided.
Ontology-based approach to achieve semantic interoperability on exchanging and integrating information about the patient clinical evolution (2009)

Providing semantic interoperability is a current challenge in the field of data integration. In healthcare environments, sharing information may be essential to ensure a good treatment to the patient. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the data that is being exchanged. In this paper we present the design and implementation of an ontology for the patient clinical evolution record, using the UMLS Semantic Network as an upper-level ontology, based on a clinical data structure. We show how our ontology can be used as a semantic connection between two distinct health databases in their data integration process.
Development of tourism in a coastal gmina in terms of objective data and the inhabitants’ opinions: the example of the Gmina of Krokowa (2014)

Tourism is often seen as an important factor in local development. The good or relatively good financial standing of tourist gminas and their inhabitants is usually emphasised while the positive impact of tourism on the development of infrastructure and other effects generally seen as favourable. What is less often emphasised are the problems associated with the development of tourism. The purpose of this article is to recognise the consequences of tourism development in a gmina of high tourism and recreation value and set them against the opinions of its inhabitants.
Functional Aspects of Mono- and Poly(ADP-ribosylation: Subcellular Distribution and ADP-ribosyl Turnover under Conditions of Repair and ‘Starvation’ (2020)

Three types of ADP-ribosyl proteins (poly(ADP-ribose) conjugates, NH2OH sensitive and NH2OH resistant mono(ADPR) conjugates) could be found in all eukaryotic cells so far studied. They changed independently under various conditions and showed an uneven subcellular distribution suggesting independent functions. Treatment of Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells with monofunctional or cross-linking alkylating agents led to rapid fragmentation of DNA and depletion of NAD while poly(ADPR) polymerase activity showed a retarded increase. Endogenous amounts of poly(ADPR) groups increased 4- to 30-fold, depending on dose, with the same initial kinetics as the loss of NAD and the appearance of DNA strand breaks. Turnover of poly(ADPR) was determined from the decay rate of the polymer after the addition of benzamide to alkylated cells. At peak elevation of poly(ADPR), an apparent half-life of about 1 min was obtained (control cells: t/2 much greater than 3 hr). There was also an accumulation of nuclear mono(ADPR) conjugates with a half-life of about 10 min. In contrast to in vitro experiments, histone H1 in vivo proved to be only a minor acceptor of ADPR groups in rat liver and in hepatoma cells. It carried less than 0.2% of total monomeric, and less than 2% of total polymeric ADPR residues. Alkylation of cells increased mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of histone H1 to a much higher degree than poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Addition of benzamide to alkylated cells inhibited poly(ADPR) formation and NAD depletion, but interfered with neither DNA fragmentation nor with DNA resealing. Nevertheless, benzamide was a very effective co-cytostatic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Design and Performance Evaluation of Passive Optical Networks (2011)

Currently, new housing developments in many places around the world are built with fiber-based connections to the home, and network providers are conducting field-testing and experiments with fiber access.
In order to provide a worthy alternative to the existing infrastructures, the new
technology should be, among other things, cost-efficient, broad-banded, and easy to maintain and deploy. It must also support all existing services as well as offer new required services. These services include voice, data, and video/television-broadcast traffic.
In this project we will carry out exploration of some of the aspects of the QoS
bandwidth allocation in the 802.3ah EPON architecture and the GPON architecture in a multimedia environment. Several general traffic types will be defined, that would represent real traffic in the network, each with its own QoS requirements (bandwidth, delay, etc.). Sometimes we will use real traffic (voice, video, data).
Moreover, another goal of this project is to provide an operating and configuration reference tool-like manual facilitating the functional and performance analysis of this kind of networks. This tool-like manual will include step-by-step the way to discover the behaviour of these networks. Due to the
required extension of this document, the manual has been included in Annex
C.
Use of DNA markers to assist with product traceability and pedigree analysis and their role in breed conservation (2004)

Summary Modern pig breeds in Europe owe their origin to a mixture of Asian and European breeds and types. They evolved during the past two hundred years, and developed particular breed characteristics by the application of breed standards, which included specific reference to colour. DNA markers at two coat colour loci provide the potential for accurate breed assignation for wild boar, Berkshire and Tamworth breeds, and may also offer the potential to develop simple tools for the verification of the origin of pork products. The use of polymorphisms in genes determining coat colour is used to explore this potential in terms of breed identification for conservation of animal genetic resources, and product traceability for quality assurance.