gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Initial clinical trial of the retinoid receptor pan agonist 9-cis retinoic acid. (1996)

The retinoid response is mediated by families of nuclear receptors, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs), and the retinoid X receptors. All-trans retinoic acid (RA) binds only RARs and induces its own metabolism. In contrast, 9-cis RA is a newly identified agonist for both RARs and retinoid X receptors. We undertook a dose-ranging study to examine the safety, clinical tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of 9-cis RA in patients with advanced cancer. Thirty-four patients received once daily p.o. doses of 9-cis RA (administered as LGD1057) ranging from 5 to 230 mg/m2 for 4 weeks. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed on 28 patients at seven dose levels. 9-cis RA was generally well tolerated. Headache was the most common dose-limiting adverse effect. Other prominent reactions included facial flushing, myalgia, dyspnea, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercalcemia. Relative to other retinoids, mucocutaneous reactions were mild. No major antitumor responses were observed. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that the day 1 area under the plasma concentration x time curves (AUCs) were proportional to the dose. Up through doses of 140 mg/m2, the day 1 AUCs were similar to those on days 15 and 29. At higher doses, however, AUCs tended to decline with repeat dosing. 9-cis RA is a novel compound that exploits a newly identified pathway of retinoid receptor biology that may be relevant to tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. We recommend a dose of 140 mg/m2 for single-agent trials utilizing a once-daily schedule of administration.
Quantitative Analysis oftprGene Expression inTreponema pallidumIsolates: Differences among Isolates and Correlation with T-Cell Responsiveness in Experimental Syphilis (2006)

Transcriptional analysis of the tpr genes in Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (referred to here as simply T. pallidum) has been limited to date, and yet the expression of members of this gene family is likely relevant to the pathogenesis of syphilis. Recently, immunological studies and semiquantitative mRNA analysis led to the hypothesis of the modulation of tpr gene transcription during infection and suggested that various strains of T. pallidum might differentially express these genes. In this study we developed a real-time amplification assay to quantify the tpr mRNAs with respect to the 47-kDa lipoprotein message and to compare transcript levels among four different strains of T. pallidum. In addition, we analyzed the lymphocyte responsiveness pattern toward the Tpr antigens in late experimental syphilis to identify tpr genes that had been expressed during the course of infection. The T-cell response has been implicated in clearance of treponemes from early lesions, and some of the Tprs were identified as strong targets of the cellular immune response. We show that message for many of the tpr genes can be detected in treponemes harvested at the peak of early infection. Interestingly, tprK seems to be preferentially expressed in almost every strain, and it is uniformly the target of the strongest cellular immune response. These studies demonstrate the differential expression of certain tpr genes among strains of T. pallidum, and further studies are needed to explore the relationship between tpr gene expression and the clinical course of syphilis in infected individuals.
Weight, Dietary Behavior, and Physical Activity in Childhood and Adolescence: Implications for Adult Cancer Risk (2009)

Lifestyle factors related to energy balance, including weight, dietary behavior and physical activity, are associated with cancer risk. The period of childhood and growth into adolescence and early adulthood may re-present a 'cumulative risk' for later adult-onset cancers. We review a number of epidemiologic studies that have examined associations among childhood and adolescent body size, diet, and physical activity with adult cancer risk. These studies suggest that unhealthy behaviors that develop early in life and persist over time may increase the risk of some cancer types, such as premenopausal breast, ovarian, endometrial, colon and renal cancer, adversely affect cancer-related morbidities, and increase mortality. Continued research is needed to further determine and refine how timing and degree of such exposures in early childhood and adolescence relate to adult cancer risk. Presently, sufficient evidence suggests a continued need for stronger primary prevention in cancer and obesity research via modified lifestyle behaviors earlier in the developmental spectrum, i.e. during childhood and adolescence.
Dynamic Structure Evolution of Composition Segregated Iridium-Nickel Rhombic Dodecahedra toward Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis (2018)

The anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is central to various energy conversion devices, but the investigation of the dynamic evolution of catalysts in different OER conditions remains quite limited, which is unfavorable for the understanding of the actual structure-activity relationship and catalyst optimization. Herein, we constructed monodispersed IrNi <sub>x</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) with distinct composition-segregated features and captured their structural evolution in various OER environments. We decoded the interesting self-reconstruction of IrNi <sub>x</sub> NPs during the OER, in which an Ir-skin framework is generated in an acidic electrolyte, while a Ni-rich surface layer is observed in an alkaline electrolyte owing to Ni migration. Benefiting from such self-reconstruction, considerable OER enhancements are achieved under both acidic and alkaline conditions. For comparison, IrNi <sub>x</sub> nanoframes with Ir skins prepared by chemical etching show a similar structural evolution result in the acidic electrolyte, but a total different phenomenon in the alkaline electrolyte. By tracking the structural evolution of IrNi <sub>x</sub> catalysts and correlating them with OER activity trajectories, the present work provides a significant understanding for designing efficient OER catalysts with controlled compositional distributions.
GTP-binding Ypt1 protein and Ca2+ function independently in a cell-free protein transport reaction. (1990)

The 21-kDa GTP-binding Ypt1 protein (Ypt1p) is required for protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex in yeast extracts. Ypt1 antibodies block transport; this inhibition is alleviated by competition with excess purified Ypt1p produced in bacteria. Furthermore, extracts of cells carrying the mutation ypt1-1 are defective in transport, but transport is restored if a cytosolic fraction from wild-type cells is provided. The in vitro transport reaction also requires physiological levels of Ca2+. However, Ypt1p functions independently of Ca2+. First, buffering the free Ca2+ at concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 10 microM does not relieve inhibition by Ypt1 antibodies. Second, consumption of a Ca2+-requiring intermediate that accumulates in Ca2+-deficient incubations is not inhibited by anti-Ypt1 antibodies, although completion of transport requires ATP and an N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor. Thus, Ypt1p and Ca2+ are required at distinct steps.
Component-Based Representation in Automated Face Recognition (2012)

This paper presents a framework for component-based face alignment and representation that demonstrates improvements in matching performance over the more common holistic approach to face alignment and representation. This work is motivated by recent evidence from the cognitive science community demonstrating the efficacy of component-based facial representations. The component-based framework presented in this paper consists of the following major steps: 1) landmark extraction using Active Shape Models (ASM), 2) alignment and cropping of components using Procrustes Analysis, 3) representation of components with Multiscale Local Binary Patterns (MLBP), 4) per-component measurement of facial similarity, and 5) fusion of per-component similarities. We demonstrate on three public datasets and an operational dataset consisting of face images of 8000 subjects, that the proposed component-based representation provides higher recognition accuracies over holistic-based representations. Additionally, we show that the proposed component-based representations: 1) are more robust to changes in facial pose, and 2) improve recognition accuracy on occluded face images in forensic scenarios.
Correlated Optical Measurements and Plasmon Mapping of Silver Nanorods (2011)

Plasmonics is a rapidly growing field, yet imaging of the plasmonic modes in complex nanoscale architectures is extremely challenging. Here we obtain spatial maps of the localized surface plasmon modes of high-aspect-ratio silver nanorods using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and correlate to optical data and classical electrodynamics calculations from the exact same particles. EELS mapping is thus demonstrated to be an invaluable technique for elucidating complex and overlapping plasmon modes.
Neural Network Training with Approximate Logarithmic Computations (2020)

The high computational complexity associated with training deep neural networks limits online and real-time training on edge devices. This paper proposed an end-to-end training and inference scheme that eliminates multiplications by approximate operations in the log-domain which has the potential to significantly reduce implementation complexity. We implement the entire training procedure in the log-domain, with fixed-point data representations. This training procedure is inspired by hardware-friendly approximations of log-domain addition which are based on look-up tables and bit-shifts. We show that our 16-bit log-based training can achieve classification accuracy within approximately 1% of the equivalent floating-point baselines for a number of commonly used datasets.
Towards flexible credential verification in mobile ad-hoc networks (2002)

Ad-hoc networks facilitate interconnectivity between mobile devices without the support of a network infrastructure. In this paper we propose a flexible credential verification mechanism, which improves the likelihood that participants in an ad-hoc network can verify each other's credentials despite the lack of access to certification and attribute authorities. Users maintain Credential Assertion Statements (CASs), which are formed through extraction of X.509 and attribute certificates into an interoperable XML form. Trusted entities that can verify the credentials listed in the CAS can then issue signed Assertion Signature Statements (ASSs) to other participants in the ad-hoc network. In addition, each user maintains a key ring, which comprises the list of public-keys trusted to sign credential assertion statements. All public-keys in the ring are assigned a trustworthiness level. When a user presents his/her CAS together with matching ASSs to a verifier, the verifier checks the signatures in the ASSs against its key ring to determine whether credentials in the CAS are authentic and acceptable. Transitivity of trust is generally not allowed, but there are exceptional cases in which it is permitted.
1019: Visualization of the Neurovascular Bundles and Major Pelvic Ganglion with Fluorescent Proteins after Penile Injection (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Tuesday, May 23, 2006, 8:00 - 10.00 am1 Apr 20061019: Visualization of the Neurovascular Bundles and Major Pelvic Ganglion with Fluorescent Proteins after Penile Injection Hugo H. Davila, Maggie Mamcarz, Irving Nadelhaft, Raoul Salup, Jorge Lockhart, and Rafael E. Carrion Hugo H. DavilaHugo H. Davila More articles by this author , Maggie MamcarzMaggie Mamcarz More articles by this author , Irving NadelhaftIrving Nadelhaft More articles by this author , Raoul SalupRaoul Salup More articles by this author , Jorge LockhartJorge Lockhart More articles by this author , and Rafael E. CarrionRafael E. Carrion More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)33244-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1019: Visualization of the Neurovascular Bundles and Major Pelvic Ganglion with Fluorescent Proteins after Penile Injection." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 328 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 328 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Hugo H. Davila More articles by this author Maggie Mamcarz More articles by this author Irving Nadelhaft More articles by this author Raoul Salup More articles by this author Jorge Lockhart More articles by this author Rafael E. Carrion More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Enhanced EPON auto-discovery for fast network and service recovery (2004)

The Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is an emerging broadband access networking technology that offers flexible bandwidth with simplicity, reliability and cost effectiveness. The automated discovery of optical network units (ONU) and the coordination of the operation between ONU and the optical line termination (OLT) is the mandate of the multi-point control protocol (MPCP). The auto-discovery mechanism is for finding newly attached ONU as well as reconnecting active (or recovered) ONU in case of service interruptions. On the basis of the IEEE 802.3ah MPCP, this paper introduces a set of enhancements to the auto-discovery mechanism. With these improvements, the EPON MPCP is able to support carrier-grade telecommunications services by recovering quickly from failures with minimum service impact. Moreover, it leads to a scalable and efficient scheme for balancing system response and bandwidth efficiency.
The HipERDIF (High performance discontinuous fibres) technology for the manufacturing of pseudo-ductile quasi-isotropic aligned discontinuous fibre composites (2020)

Thanks to their pseudo-ductile behaviour, both in the cured and the uncured status, certain aligned discontinuous hybrid fibre composites (ADFRCs) have the potential to overcome two of the main limiting factors to the widespread adoption of composite materials, i.e. the generation of defects during manufacturing and the catastrophic failure of the cured material. The HiPerDiF (High Performance Discontinuous Fibres) technology, invented at the University of Bristol, produces ADFRCs with mechanical properties comparable with those of continuous fibre composites. Intimately hybridising different types of fibres the HiPerDiF technology allows producing unidirectional ADFRCs with pseudo-ductile tensile behaviour. However, it is usually necessary to balance the load-carrying capability in multiple directions. In this study, glass-carbon and carbon-carbon hybrid ADFRCs are manufactured with the HiPerDiF technology and laid-up in a quasi-isotropic laminate [0/60/-60]s. The obtained laminates demonstrate the high mechanical properties and the pseudo-ductile behaviour of the quasi-isotropic hybrid ADFRC laminated materials.
Comparison between Conventional IMRT Planning and a Novel Real-Time Adaptive Planning Strategy in Hypofractionated Regimes for Prostate Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Planning Study (2019)

In prostate cancer external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), intra-fraction prostate drifts may compromise the treatment efficacy by underdosing the target and/or overdosing the organs at risk. In this study, a recently developed real-time adaptive planning strategy for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer was evaluated in hypofractionated regimes against traditional treatment planning based on a treatment volume margin expansion. The proposed workflow makes use of a "library of plans" corresponding to possible intra-fraction prostate positions. During delivery, at each beam end, the plan prepared for the position of the prostate closest to the current one is selected and the corresponding beam delivered. This adaptive planning strategy was compared with the traditional approach on a clinical prostate cancer case where different prostate shift magnitudes were considered. Five, six and fifteen fraction hypofractionated schemes were considered for each of these scenarios. When shifts larger than the treatment margin were present, using the traditional approach the seminal vesicles were underdosed by 3-4% of the prescribed dose. The adaptive approach instead allowed for correct target dose coverage and lowered the dose on the rectum for each dosimetric endpoint on average by 3-4% in all the fractionation schemes. Standard intensity-modulated radiation therapy planning did not always guarantee a correct dose distribution on the seminal vesicles and the rectum. The adaptive planning strategy proposed resulted insensitive to the intra-fraction prostate drifts, produced a dose distribution in agreement with the dosimetric requirements in every case analysed and significantly lowered the dose on the rectum.
Reducing acoustic feedback in hearing aids (1995)

Five techniques for reducing acoustic feedback in hearing aids were investigated: an adaptive notch filter, three previously described methods for adaptive feedback cancellation, and a novel method for feedback cancellation with adaptation during quiet intervals. Through real-time implementations, these techniques were assessed for added stable gain and sound quality. Test results showed the novel system to provide the best overall performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization and mechanism of the esophago-esophageal contractile reflex of the striated muscle esophagus (2019)

An esophago-esophageal contractile reflex (EECR) of the cervical esophagus has been identified in humans. The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the mechanisms of the EECR. Cats (<i>n</i> = 35) were decerebrated, electrodes were placed on pharynx and cervical esophagus, and esophageal motility was recorded using manometry. All areas of esophagus were distended to locate and quantify the EECR. The effects of esophageal perfusion of NaCl or HCl, vagus nerve or pharyngoesophageal nerve (PEN) transection, or hexamethonium administration (5 mg/kg iv) were determined. We found that distension of the esophagus at all locations activated EECR rostral to stimulus only. EECR response was greatest when the esophagus 2.5-11.5 cm from cricopharyngeus (CP) was distended. HCl perfusion activated repetitively an EECR-like response of the proximal esophagus only within 2 min, and after ~20 min EECR was inhibited. Transection of PEN blocked or inhibited EECR 1-7 cm from CP, and vagotomy blocked EECR at all locations. Hexamethonium blocked EECR at 13 and 16 cm from CP but sensitized its activation at 1-7 cm from CP. EECR of the entire esophagus exists, which is directed in the orad direction only. EECR of striated muscle esophagus is mediated by vagus nerve and PEN and inhibited by mechanoreceptors of smooth muscle esophagus. EECR of smooth muscle esophagus is mediated by enteric nervous system and vagus nerve. Activation of EECR of the striated muscle esophagus is initially sensitized by HCl exposure, which may have a role in prevention of supraesophageal reflux.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> An esophago-esophageal contractile reflex (EECR) exists, which is directed in the orad direction only. EECR of the proximal esophagus can appear similar to and be mistaken for secondary peristalsis. The EECR of the striated muscle is mediated by the vagus nerve and pharyngoesophageal nerve and inhibited by mechanoreceptor input from the smooth muscle esophagus. HCl perfusion initially sensitizes activation of the EECR of the striated muscle esophagus, which may participate in prevention of supraesophageal reflux.
Kidney Transplantation from Living Unrelated Donors (2000)

Kidney transplant candidates increasingly are looking to their relatives, spouses, and even friends for a better chance at transplantation. The wait for a cadaver kidney might be 2-5 years. Although kidneys from well-matched family members have been transplanted with excellent results for many years, accepting living donors who are genetically unrelated to the patient has not been encouraged until recently. Results show that, among 1700 patients who received kidney transplants from living unrelated donors in the United States from 1995 through 1998, the one- and projected ten-year graft survival rates were 92% and 67%, respectively. These results are superior to the 87% and 50% rates for more than 26,000 cadaver kidney transplants during the same period. Risks to the donor are low (< 0.005% mortality and < 0.3% serious complications) but not absent. Thus, motivated spouses, friends, and adopted or step-family members can play an important role in the rehabilitation of patients who need a kidney transplant.
A Systematic Review of Adherence With Medications for Diabetes (2004)

This review confirms that many patients for whom diabetes medication was prescribed were poor compliers with treatment, including both OHAs and insulin. However, electronic monitoring systems were useful in improving adherence for individual patients. Similar electronic monitoring systems for insulin administration could help healthcare providers determine patients needing additional support.
A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Contralateral Study of Tissue Liquefaction Liposuction vs Suction-Assisted Liposuction (2018)

Abstract Background Tissue liquefaction liposuction (TLL) deploys a novel energy source utilizing a stream of warmed, low-pressurized, and pulsed saline to extract fat tissue. Objectives Compare TLL to suction-assisted liposuction (SAL) to determine which device is more efficient for surgeons and provides better recovery for patients. Methods Thirty-one adult female patients were followed prospectively in a contralateral study design comparing differences in bruising, swelling, tenderness, and incision appearance ratings between TLL and SAL procedures. Surgical efficiency and appearance of the lipoaspirate were also compared. Results All 31 patients successfully completed the study. For TLL and SAL procedures, the average volumes of infusion (1.242 vs 1.276 L) and aspirated supernatant fat (704 vs 649 mL) were statistically similar. TLL median fat extraction rate was faster than SAL (35.6 vs 25 mL/min; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and stroke rate was reduced in TLL vs SAL procedures (48 vs 120 strokes/min; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and both were statistically significant. The mean total scores for bruising, swelling, treatment site tenderness, and incision appearance were lower, indicating improved patient recovery on the TLL side. Conclusions TLL and SAL techniques produced comparable volume of fat aspirate. TLL demonstrated a 42% faster fat extraction rate and a 68% reduction in arm movements needed to complete the procedure compared to SAL, both of these differences are statistically significant. The TLL side was noted to have reduced bruising and swelling and improved incision site appearance with less tenderness compared to the SAL side. Level of Evidence: 2