gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Genome-Wide DNA Polymorphism Database for Map-Based Cloning of Rice Genes (2004)

DNA polymorphism is the basis to develop molecular markers that are widely used in genetic mapping today. A genome-wide rice (Oryza sativa) DNA polymorphism database has been constructed in this work using the genomes of Nipponbare, a cultivar of japonica, and 93-11, a cultivar of indica. This database contains 1,703,176 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 479,406 Insertion/Deletions (InDels), approximately one SNP every 268 bp and one InDel every 953 bp in rice genome. Both SNPs and InDels in the database were experimentally validated. Of 109 randomly selected SNPs, 107 SNPs (98.2%) are accurate. PCR analysis indicated that 90% (97 of 108) of InDels in the database could be used as molecular markers, and 68% to 89% of the 97 InDel markers have polymorphisms between other indica cultivars (Guang-lu-ai 4 and Long-te-pu B) and japonica cultivars (Zhong-hua 11 and 9522). This suggests that this database can be used not only for Nipponbare and 93-11, but also for other japonica and indica cultivars. While validating InDel polymorphisms in the database, a set of InDel markers with each chromosome 3 to 5 marker was developed. These markers are inexpensive and easy to use, and can be used for any combination of japonica and indica cultivars used in this work. This rice DNA polymorphism database will be a valuable resource and important tool for map-based cloning of rice gene, as well as in other various research on rice (http://shenghuan.shnu.edu.cn/ricemarker).
Controllable graphene reflect array (2016)

We report resonant features of electrically controllable reflect array consisting of continues wavy-shaped graphene strips placed on a thin metal-backed dielectric substrate.
Abstract LB-400: STAT3 mediates resistance to MEK inhibitor through microRNA miR-17 (2011)

Abstract AZD6244 is a small-molecule-based inhibitor targeting the MEK pathway that is currently in clinical trials. However, the mechanisms mediating intrinsic resistance to MEK inhibition remain to be completely characterized. To identify the molecular mechanism of MEK inhibitor resistance, we analyzed responses of 38 lung cancer cell lines following AZD6244 treatment and their genome-wide gene expression profiles and identified a panel of genes correlated with sensitivity or resistance to AZD6244 treatment. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway was associated with MEK inhibitor resistance. Inhibition of the STAT3 pathway using JSI-124, a STAT3-specific inhibitor, sensitized lung cancer cells to AZD6244 treatment and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, combining a STAT3 inhibitor with AZD6244 induced the expression of BIM and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, whereas activation of the STAT3 pathway inhibited BIM expression and thus induced MEK inhibitor resistance. In addition, we found that miR-17, which is regulated by STAT3, played an important role in STAT3-mediated MEK inhibitor resistance by targeting BIM. Inhibition of miR-17 with anti-miR-17 sensitized resistant cells to AZD6244 by inducing BIM and PARP cleavage. We conclude that STAT3-mediated overexpression of miR-17 blocked BIM expression, which resulted in resistance to AZD6244. These results implicate novel alternative approaches for overcoming the MEK inhibitor resistance by combining AZD6244 with STAT3 inhibitors or miR-17 antagomirs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-400. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-400
Nicta-Rta Partnership for Traffic Control Innovation (2008)

NICTA and the Roads and Traffic Authority of New South Wales (RTA) have formed a partnership to increase the effectiveness of existing traffic and transport infrastructure using smart technology. NICTA is an Australian research institute in the ICT sector with expertise which includes constraint programming, machine learning and optimization. RTA is the owner, developer and an operator of SCATS, the Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System, now used in over 130 cities around the world. The aim of the partnership is to research and develop new generation traffic control systems to tackle congestion that is estimated to cost Australia alone about $10 billion annually. This paper outlines the technical, methodological and collaborative nature of the relationship between NICTA and RTA and shows how the parties complement each others experience and expertise. The research benefits from two live RTA contributed test-beds; a traffic signal controlled intersection in Sydney, and a highway junction roundabout in the Illawarra region to the south of Sydney. We also discuss the design of advanced real-time traffic control systems using video sensors, traffic models and optimization techniques for flexible signal group control.
Examination of field-aged insulation for changes in molecular structure (1980)

The GPC results for samples taken from along the cable and with radius suggest that some very minor changes in the molecular weight distribution have taken place with aging. The changes are too small to affect the physical properties of the insulation and would not be normally connected either with large chemical or bulk electrical changes. This then appears to exclude the possibility of uniform molecular degradation as a necessary preliminary to the very local changes associated with dielectric breakdown, unless the aging process can vary significantly over distances of a meter or less. Further efforts will be directed at finding such “hotspots”, if they indeed exist, and at improving the precision of the techniques for detecting molecular weight changes.
A double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of the ICP10deltaPK vaccine against recurrent genital HSV-2 infections. (2002)

A randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the safety of a novel recombinant virus, ICP10deltaPK, for reduction or prevention of recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection was carried out in public hospitals in Mexico City. Persons having a minimum of 5 documented herpetic recurrences in the previous year were randomized for vaccination. Patients were examined within 72 hours of lesion occurrence. If accepted into the study, the patient was inoculated subcutaneously in the upper deltoid muscle area at days 7, 17, and 28 after initiation of lesion occurrence. Recurrences were recorded by patient diary and physician examination. During the observation period (extending from 10 to 180 days after the last booster dose), recurrences in the vaccine (V) group were prevented completely in 37.5% of the patients, whereas in the placebo (P) group, 100% of the patients had at least one recurrence (P = .068). Vaccinated patients had fewer recurrences (V, 1.58; P, 3.13 [P = .028]). The mean number of illness days was 10 for the vaccine group and 18 for the placebo group (P = .028). Further studies to evaluate this vaccine and its dosimetry for the treatment of genital herpes infections appear warranted.
Dynamic decentralized cache schemes for mimd parallel processors (1984)

This paper presents two cache schemes for a shared-memory shared bus multiprocessor. Both schemes feature decentralized consistency control and dynamic type classification of the datum cached (i.e. read-only, local, or shared). It is shown how to exploit these features to minimize the shared bus traffic. The broadcasting ability of the shared bus is used not only to signal an event but also to distribute data. In addition, by introducing a new synchronization construct, i.e. the Test-and-Test-and-Set instruction, many of the traditional. parallell processing “hot spots” or bottlenecks are eliminated. Sketches of formal correctness proofs for the proposed schemes are also presented. It appears that moderately large parallel processors can be designed by employing the principles presented in this paper.
Transient Behavior of the Ohmic Contact (1959)

Under certain conditions the response time of a solid for current transients may be determined by the properties of the injecting contact rather than of the bulk. In this case it is the time required for readjustment of the space-charge barrier at the contact for delivery of the new steady-state current. The critical parameter determining the response time of the contact is the total amount of excess charge within one Debye length of the potential minimum in the space-charge barrier. Trapped, as well as free, excess charge must be included in the calculation of the Debye length. The product of gain ($G$) and band width ($\frac{1}{{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}}$) for a photoconductor whose response time is contact-controlled is derived and expressed in the "universal" form $\frac{G}{{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}}=\frac{M}{{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{r}}$, where ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{r}$ is the dielectric relaxation time under operating conditions.
Experimental realization of diffusion with stochastic resetting (2021)

Stochastic\nresetting is prevalent in natural and man-made systems,\ngiving rise to a long series of nonequilibrium phenomena. Diffusion\nwith stochastic resetting serves as a paradigmatic model to study\nthese phenomena, but the lack of a well-controlled platform by which\nthis process can be studied experimentally has been a major impediment\nto research in the field. Here, we report the experimental realization\nof colloidal particle diffusion and resetting via holographic optical\ntweezers. We provide the first experimental corroboration of central\ntheoretical results and go on to measure the energetic cost of resetting\nin steady-state and first-passage scenarios. In both cases, we show\nthat this cost cannot be made arbitrarily small because of fundamental\nconstraints on realistic resetting protocols. The methods developed\nherein open the door to future experimental study of resetting phenomena\nbeyond diffusion.
Efficient extended field of view (eFOV) reconstruction techniques for multi-slice helical CT (2008)

Truncation of CT projection data is always coupled with incomplete angular sampling and can lead to severe image artifacts in clinical CT. Extrapolation of projection data is needed to restore CT values inside and outside the scan field of view (SFOV). We present three types of extrapolation schemes. The first type (M1) is characterized by extrapolation of projection data using a virtual object of constant attenuation. For multi-slice helical CT this extrapolation scheme is applied in a row-wise manner. The second type (M2) utilizes consistency conditions of parallel projection data. The conservation of <i>m<sup>th</sup></i> order moments of non-truncated projections can be utilized for the extrapolation of truncated projection data by fitting extrapolation functions of variable length. The third method (M3) extrapolates truncated data by sinogram decomposition and completion. For each voxel in image space the corresponding trace in the 3D-sinogram is computed. The minimum signal within each trace is extrapolated to the extended sinogram parts, which represent the extended FOV. Based on the evaluation of both simulation data of an anthropomorphic thorax phantom and clinical data, we evaluate the three reconstruction techniques. Sinogram decomposition proofs to be better than the other techniques, but is computationally very demanding.
Hypotonic cisplatin treatment for carcinomatous pleuritis found at thoracotomy in patients with lung cancer. In vitro experiments and preliminary clinical results. (1993)

We have developed an intraoperative intrapleural treatment with the use of distilled water combined with cisplatin for carcinomatous pleuritis found at thoracotomy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. In the in vitro experiment, three different cell lines were used as a model of malignant pleural effusion. Cell growth was examined after a 3-day culture, which was preceded by exposure of the cells to cisplatin in either phosphate-buffered saline solution or distilled water for 1/2 to 5 minutes. The growth inhibition of tumor cells after hypotonic cisplatin treatment was significantly greater than after treatment with saline solution and cisplatin. Tumor that was obtained by resection of non-small-cell lung cancer was used as a model to demonstrate decreased viability of the tumor after exposure to hypotonic cisplatin. The viability of the tumor in a 6-day culture, preceded by exposure to hypotonic cisplatin (50 micrograms/ml) for 10 minutes, was markedly decreased. Intraoperative intrapleural hypotonic cisplatin was instilled in seven patients with pleural carcinomatosis without side effects and with control of pleural dissemination and pleural effusion for 6 to 29 months.
Multisensor stochastic integration and control (2005)

Aiming to control a multisensor setup, we develop a stochastic system model as a step toward designing robotics perception systems, which state spaces show both discrete (for example presence of objects) and continuous (position, speed..) parts. We present here this model together with results in multisensor simulation. To conclude with, we comment on the emergence of symbolic techniques into the probabilistic integration and control, and we briefly describe the first implementation of the real setup control.
Erratum: Procedures for initializing organic carbon pools in the DSSAT-CENTURY model for agricultural systems (2014)

Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 75: 69–78 doi: 10.2136/sssaj2010.0115er The following acknowledgments should be included in the article: Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation LTER Program (DEB 1027253), the U.S. DOE Office of Science (DE-FCO2-07ER64494) and Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-ACO5-76RL01830), and MSU AgBioResearch.
DGANet: A Dilated Graph Attention-Based Network for Local Feature Extraction on 3D Point Clouds (2021)

Feature extraction on point clouds is an essential task when analyzing and processing point clouds of 3D scenes. However, there still remains a challenge to adequately exploit local fine-grained features on point cloud data due to its irregular and unordered structure in a 3D space. To alleviate this problem, a Dilated Graph Attention-based Network (DGANet) with a certain feature for learning ability is proposed. Specifically, we first build a local dilated graph-like region for each input point to establish the long-range spatial correlation towards its corresponding neighbors, which allows the proposed network to access a wider range of geometric information of local points with their long-range dependencies. Moreover, by integrating the dilated graph attention module (DGAM) implemented by a novel offset–attention mechanism, the proposed network promises to highlight the differing importance on each edge of the constructed local graph to uniquely learn the discrepancy feature of geometric attributes between the connected point pairs. Finally, all the learned edge attention features are further aggregated, allowing the most significant geometric feature representation of local regions by the graph–attention pooling to fully extract local detailed features for each point. The validation experiments using two challenging benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and powerful generation ability of our proposed DGANet in both 3D object classification and segmentation tasks.
Esterification of N-protected .alpha.-amino acids with alcohol/carbodiimide/4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. Racemization of aspartic and glutamic acid derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEsterification of N-protected .alpha.-amino acids with alcohol/carbodiimide/4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. Racemization of aspartic and glutamic acid derivativesMadhup K. Dhaon, Richard K. Olsen, and K. RamasamyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 10, 1962–1965Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00349a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00349a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7325Altmetric-Citations183LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factorization for Advanced Physical Layer Techniques in Network-Coded Wireless Communication Networks (2009)

We consider the utility maximization problem in wireless multi-hop networks with unicast and multicast communication and jointly optimize routing or network coding together with the physical layer. Since for any communication demands the performance is predominately determined by the region of achievable rates on edges between nodes, we provide a framework for including advanced physical layer methods in wireless networks by means of factorizing the achievable rate region into a set of advanced elementary rate regions. Various advanced physical layer operations such as broadcast and multiple access channels are included. Additionally, the wireless multicast advantage is efficiently modeled for degraded channels, namely broadcast and multicast, to improve performance of multicast sessions. Numerical examples show the impact of the physical layer onto the optimal routing or network coding solution and the benefits of advanced physical layer operations.
Comprehensive metagenomic analysis of glioblastoma reveals absence of known virus despite antiviral‐like type I interferon gene response (2013)

Glioblastoma is a deadly malignant brain tumor and one of the most incurable forms of cancer in need of new therapeutic targets. As some cancers are known to be caused by a virus, the discovery of viruses could open the possibility to treat, and perhaps prevent, such a disease. Although an association with viruses such as cytomegalovirus or Simian virus 40 has been strongly suggested, involvement of these and other viruses in the initiation and/or propagation of glioblastoma remains vague, controversial and warrants elucidation. To exhaustively address the association of virus and glioblastoma, we developed and validated a robust metagenomic approach to analyze patient biopsies via high-throughput sequencing, a sensitive tool for virus screening. In addition to traditional clinical diagnostics, glioblastoma biopsies were deep-sequenced and analyzed with a multistage computational pipeline to identify known or potentially discover unknown viruses. In contrast to the studies reporting the presence of viral signatures in glioblastoma, no common or recurring active viruses were detected, despite finding an antiviral-like type I interferon response in some specimens. Our findings highlight a discrete and non-specific viral signature and uncharacterized short RNA sequences in glioblastoma. This study provides new insights into glioblastoma pathogenesis and defines a general methodology that can be used for high-resolution virus screening and discovery in human cancers.
Volumetric Display of Brain Function and Brain Anatomy (1989)

Currently, optimal images of human brain anatomy are obtained using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while optimal images of brain function are obtained using positron emission tomography (PET). This paper describes a method to combine and display the complementary information in these two modalities. High-resolution MR and PET images of the human brain were obtained and correlated to form three-dimensional volumes of structural and functional image data. Slices from each volume were combined to form 2-D images of metabolism "mapped" over anatomic structures. The volumes of data were then rendered using a volume imaging technique. The results of the procedure are used to visualize the three-dimensional relationship between brain function and brain anatomy.
Implementation of Accurate Broadband Steering Vectors for Broadband Angle of Arrival Estimation (2013)

Motivated by accurate broadband steering vector requirements for applications such as broadband angle of arrival estimation, we review fractional delay filter designs. A common feature across these are their rapidly decreasing performance as the Nyquist rate is approached. We propose a filter bank based approach, which operates standard fractional delay filters on a series of frequency-shifted subband signals, such that they appear in the filters' lowpass region. We demonstrate the appeal of this approach in simulations.
Computational mapping in atrial fibrillation: how the integration of signal-derived maps may guide the localization of critical sources (2014)

This article discusses the latest development in computational mapping for the identification and localization of critical sources in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). It focuses on the contribution of electrogram-derived anatomical maps, obtained by applying innovative signal and image processing methodologies, to the investigation of the mechanisms underlying the arrhythmia and to the planning of new target ablation strategies. Reviewed are the experimental studies which allowed to infer the peculiar rate and regularity features of critical sources, the signal processing methods for the quantification of these parameters from atrial electrograms, and the clinical studies mapping rate and organization in AF patients. Finally, we present a novel methodological framework, based on the construction of the logic operation map, designed to merge in a single map the most relevant electrophysiological and anatomical features of the AF process, which may guide the selective identification of critical sources.