gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bacterial persisters in long-term infection: Emergence and fitness in a complex host environment (2020)

Despite intensive antibiotic treatment, Pseudomonas aeruginosa often persists in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients for decades, and can do so without antibiotic resistance development. Using high-throughput screening assays of bacterial survival after treatment with high concentrations of ciprofloxacin, we have determined the prevalence of persisters in a large patient cohort using 460 longitudinal isolates of P. aeruginosa from 39 CF patients. Isolates were classed as high persister variants (Hip) if they regrew following antibiotic treatment in at least 75% of the experimental replicates. Strain genomic data, isolate phenotyping, and patient treatment records were integrated in a lineage-based analysis of persister formation and clinical impact. In total, 19% of the isolates were classified as Hip and Hip emergence increased over lineage colonization time within 22 Hip+ patients. Most Hip+ lineages produced multiple Hip isolates, but few Hip+ lineages were dominated by Hip. While we observed no strong signal of adaptive genetic convergence within Hip isolates, they generally emerged in parallel or following the development of ciprofloxacin resistance and slowed growth. Transient lineages were majority Hip-, while strains that persisted over a clinically diagnosed 'eradication' period were majority Hip+. Patients received indistinguishable treatment regimens before Hip emergence, but Hip+ patients overall were treated significantly more than Hip- patients, signaling repeated treatment failure. When subjected to in vivo-similar antibiotic dosing, a Hip isolate survived better than a non-Hip in a structured biofilm environment. In sum, the Hip phenotype appears to substantially contribute to long-term establishment of a lineage in the CF lung environment. Our results argue against the existence of a single dominant molecular mechanism underlying bacterial antibiotic persistence. We instead show that many routes, both phenotypic and genetic, are available for persister formation and consequent increases in strain fitness and treatment failure in CF airways.
Embracing Nature’s Catalysts: A Viewpoint on the Future of Biocatalysis (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTEmbracing Nature's Catalysts: A Viewpoint on the Future of BiocatalysisBernhard Hauer*Bernhard HauerInstitute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Department of Technical Biochemistry, Universitaet Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany*Email: [email protected]More by Bernhard Hauerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-3348Cite this: ACS Catal. 2020, 10, 15, 8418–8427Publication Date (Web):June 4, 2020Publication History Received16 April 2020Published online4 June 2020Published inissue 7 August 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.0c01708https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.0c01708article-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views15099Altmetric-Citations190LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Biocatalysis,Catalysts,Chemical reactions,Industrial manufacturing,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Endosomal protein sorting and autophagy genes contribute to the regulation of yeast life span (2010)

Accumulating evidence from various organisms points to a role for autophagy in the regulation of life span. By performing a genome-wide screen to identify novel life span determinants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have obtained further insights into the autophagy-related and -unrelated degradation processes that may be important for preventing cellular senescence. The generation of multivesicular bodies and their fusion with the vacuole in the endosomal pathway emerged as novel cell functions involved in yeast chronological survival and longevity extension.
Zero-Bias Noise as a Measure of Free-Carrier Energy Relaxation in Photoconductors (1971)

We have illuminated a liquid-helium cooled, Hg-doped, Ge photoconductor with 10.6-\ensuremath{\mu}m radiation at power levels varying by a factor of 2000. The noise temperature was constant at 35\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K over this range, in spite of a resistance inversely proportional to power. This temperature has been used to infer a value of 0.135 for the ratio of free-carrier energy-loss time to recombination time.
Importance of 2-aminoacetophenone to the flavor of masa corn flour products (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImportance of 2-aminoacetophenone to the flavor of masa corn flour productsRon G. Buttery and Louisa C. LingCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1, 1–2Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00037a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00037a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views258Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metexyl (4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) as an oxygen radicals scavenger and apoptosis inducer in vivo. (2000)

A stable nitroxide radical named Metexyl (4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) was synthesized and its antioxidant and antitumor properties were investigated and compared with these of another nitroxide derivatives previously designed in our laboratories. Three experimental models were used: xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, pulse radiolysis and experimental rat cancer (Yoshida Sarcoma) in vivo. In this work we measured the rate constant of the reactions of Metexyl with enzymatically generated O2.- or radiolytically produced .OH. For comparison, the reactions of non radical derivative (4-acetamide-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium acetate) or nitroxide Tempace (4-acetamide-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) with the above mentioned reactive oxygen radicals were also studied. The comparative ability of Metexyl to act as an inducer of apoptosis in vivo was also investigated in pharmacological test. The ring substituent (-OCH3) at position 4 of the Metexyl molecule had significant influence on its properties as antioxidant and apoptosis inducer. The results in this study suggest that Metexyl is a promising nitroxide antioxidant, which can induce apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo, thus providing a base for its further investigations in vitro and pharmacological applications.
Modeling the Calcium Gate of Cardiac Gap Junction Channel (2006)

We addressed the question how Ca2+ transients affect gap junction conductance (Gj) during action potential (AP) propagation by constructing a dynamic gap junction model coupled with a cardiac cell model. The kinetics of the Ca2+ gate was determined based on published experimental findings that the Hill coefficient for the [Ca2+]i-Gj relationship ranges from 3 to 4, indicating multiple ion bindings. It is also suggested that the closure of the Ca2+ gate follows a single exponential time course. After adjusting the model parameters, a two-state (open-closed) model, assuming simultaneous ion bindings, well described both the single exponential decay and the [Ca2+]i-Gj relationship. Using this gap junction model, 30 cardiac cell models were electrically connected in a one-dimensional cable. However, Gj decreased in a cumulative manner by the repetitive Ca2+ transients, and a conduction block was observed. We found that a reopening of the Ca2+ gate is possible only by assuming a sequential ion binding with one rate limiting step in a multistate model. In this model, the gating time constant (T) has a bell-shaped dependence on [Ca2+]i, with a peak around the half-maximal concentration of [Ca2+]i. Here we propose a five-state model including four open states and one closed state, which allows normal AP propagation; namely, the Gj is decreased -15% by a single Ca2+ transient, but well recovers to the control level during diastole. Under the Ca(2+)-overload condition, however, the conduction velocity is indeed decreased as demonstrated experimentally. This new gap junction model may also be useful in simulations of the ventricular arrhythmia.
V2 over IP: telecom service application and operational architecture to support video and voice (2006)

We have researched the key functional and operational support architecture in IP-based packet voice and video (V2) telecommunication services. This paper summarizes solutions to a number of challenges that the telecom industry has to answer in order to rollout carrier-grade services capability with mass-market acceptance. With a main focus on incorporating the architecture solutions and feature capabilities, we have developed next-generation V2 over IP telecom solution architecture with interoperability and transformation as the key objectives. Advantages of our architecture solutions include meeting legacy service expectation, providing distinctive network and service management, as well as facilitating across telecom industry integration with a uniform approach.
Data from Serum Alpha-fetoprotein Levels and Clinical Outcomes in the Phase III CELESTIAL Study of Cabozantinib versus Placebo in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The phase III CELESTIAL study demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with cabozantinib versus placebo in patients with previously treated, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We analyzed outcomes by baseline alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and on-treatment AFP changes.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Serum AFP was measured every 8 weeks by blinded, centralized testing. Outcomes were analyzed by baseline AFP bifurcated at 400 ng/mL and by on-treatment AFP response (≥20% decrease from baseline at Week 8). The optimal cutoff for change in AFP at Week 8 was evaluated using maximally selected rank statistics.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Median OS for cabozantinib versus placebo was 13.9 versus 10.3 months [HR, 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.62–1.04] for patients with baseline AFP &lt;400 ng/mL, and 8.5 versus 5.2 months (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54–0.94) for patients with baseline AFP ≥400 ng/mL. Week 8 AFP response rate was 50% for cabozantinib versus 13% for placebo. In the cabozantinib arm, median OS for patients with and without AFP response was 16.1 versus 9.1 months (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.45–0.84). AFP response was independently associated with longer OS. The optimal cutoff for association with OS in the cabozantinib arm was ≤0% change in AFP at Week 8 [AFP control; HR 0.50 (95% CI, 0.35–0.71)]. HRs for PFS were consistent with those for OS.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Cabozantinib improved outcomes versus placebo across a range of baseline AFP levels. On-treatment AFP response and control rates were higher with cabozantinib than placebo, and were associated with longer OS and PFS with cabozantinib.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Engine Speed Based Estimation of the Indicated Engine Torque (2005)

The aim of this master's thesis is to implement and evaluate a method for estimating the indicated engine torque. The method is developed by IAV GmbH, Fraunhofer-Institut and Audi AG. The determination of the indicated torque is based on high resolution engine speed measurements. The engine speed is measured with a hall sensor, which receives the signal from the transmitterwheel mounted on the crankshaft. A transmitterwheel compensation is done to compensate for the partition defects that arises in the production and thus enable a more precise calculation of the angular velocity. The crankshaft angle, angular velocity and angular acceleration are estimated and the helpvariable effective torque is calculated using these signals as input. Through a relationship between effective torque and the indicated pressure the indicated pressure is extracted from a map. The indicated torque is then calculated from the pressure. The method is validated with data from an engine test bed. Because of the low obtainable sample rate at the test bed, 4MHz, quantisation errors arises at engine speeds over 1000 rpm. Therefore the model is validated for low engine speeds and the result is promising.
Mobile IP and the IETF (2002)

article Mobile IP and the IETF Share on Author: Charles E. Perkins Nokia Research Center, CA Nokia Research Center, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications ReviewVolume 6Issue 2April 2002 pp 3–8https://doi.org/10.1145/565702.565704Online:01 April 2002Publication History 3citation571DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads571Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Robust visual path following for heterogeneous mobile platforms (2010)

We present an innovative path following system based upon multi-camera visual odometry and visual landmark matching. This technology enables reliable mobile robot navigation in real world scenarios including GPS-denied environments both indoors and outdoors. We recover paths in full 3D, making it applicable to both on and off-road ground vehicles. Our controller relies on pose updates from visual odometry, allowing us to achieve path following even when only a joystick drive interface to the base robot platform is available. We experimentally investigate two specific applications of our technology to autonomous navigation on ground vehicles - non line-of-sight leader-following (between heterogeneous platforms) and retro-traverse to home base. For safety and reliability we add dynamic short range obstacle detection and reactive avoidance capabilities to our controller. We show the results for end-to-end real time implementation of this technology using current off-the-shelf computing and network resources in challenging environments.
A 62-MeV proton beam for the treatment of ocular melanoma at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN (2004)

At the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (INFN-LNS) in Catania, Italy, the first Italian protontherapy facility, named Centro di AdroTerapia e Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate (CATANA) has been built in collaboration with the University of Catania. It is based on the use of the 62-MeV proton beam delivered by the K=800 Superconducting Cyclotron installed and working at INFN-LNS since 1995. The facility is mainly devoted to the treatment of ocular diseases like uveal melanoma. A beam treatment line in air has been assembled together with a dedicated positioning patient system. The facility has been in operation since the beginning of 2002 and 66 patients have been successfully treated up to now. The main features of CATANA together with the clinical and dosimetric features will be extensively described; particularly, the proton beam line, that has been entirely built at LNS, with all its elements, the experimental transversal and depth dose distributions of the 62-MeV proton beam obtained for a final collimator of 25-mm diameter and the experimental depth dose distributions of a modulated proton beam obtained for the same final collimator. Finally, the clinical results over 1 yr of treatments, describing the features of the treated diseases will be reported.
Distributed coverage with mobile robots on a graph: locational optimization and equal-mass partitioning (2013)

SUMMARY This paper presents decentralized algorithms for coverage with mobile robots on a graph. Coverage is an important capability of multi-robot systems engaged in a number of different applications, including placement for environmental modeling, deployment for maximal quality surveillance, and even coordinated construction. We use distributed vertex substitution for locational optimization and equal mass partitioning, and the controllers minimize the corresponding cost functions. We prove that the proposed controller with two-hop communication guarantees convergence to the locally optimal configuration. We evaluate the algorithms in simulations and also using four mobile robots.
Novel and Flexible Dual Permeability Measurement Device for Cementitious Materials (2009)

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Impact of Initiation and Deactivation on Melting during Gas-Phase Olefin Polymerization (2004)

Olefin polymerization in fluidized-bed reactors may lead to particle overheating. The resulting softening or melting of polymer particles generates polymer sheets, requiring reactor shutdown. Previous criteria predicting the operating conditions leading to this overheating accounted only for the propagation reaction. We determine here the impact of accounting also for the polymerization initiation and deactivation reactions on the safe region of operation, i.e., one in which the maximum transient particle temperature does not reach the melting temperature. The polymeric-flow model predicts a slightly smaller region of safe operation than a lumped-thermal model and uniformly distributed catalytic sites. The reason is that the polymeric-flow model predicts a slightly higher maximum temperature under the same operating conditions. In general, accounting for the initiation and deactivation steps increases the region of safe operation. A decrease of either the initiation or propagation rate increases the size of the safe operating region, while decreasing the deactivation rate decreases its size. The deactivation impact is important mainly when its rate is not much slower than that of initiation. Parametric sensitivity does not occur before melting for typical gas-phase olefin polymerization operation. Thus, this potential problem need not be considered.
A comparison of angle-beam shear wave scattering from hidden defects in single-and double-layer plates (2018)

Quantification of shear wave scattering from hidden defects is challenging because it is difficult to separate defect-scattered waves from waves that are scattered from benign structural features such as interfaces and fastener holes. It is even more difficult for the case of a crack emanating from a through-hole because there is complicated scattering from both the hole and the crack. This present work reports the results of a study that considers measurements from several far-surface notches emanating from through-holes in an aluminum plate both before and after a second plate is bonded to the back surface of the first plate. Measurements are also made of scattering from just a through-hole in both the single and bonded plates as a basis for comparison. The presence of the second layer provides a path for energy to leak out of the first plate, which can reduce the scattered energy. The recorded data show that notch scattering is clearly visible in the wavefield data for all of the notched holes. This scattering is quantified by first applying frequency-wavenumber filtering to extract shear waves of interest, and then computing scattered energy as a function of direction. Results for the different specimens are reported and compared to show the differences in scattering caused by the presence of the second layer.
A Pervaporation Study of Ammonia Solutions Using Molecular Sieve Silica Membranes (2014)

An innovative concept is proposed to recover ammonia from industrial wastewater using a molecular sieve silica membrane in pervaporation (PV), benchmarked against vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). Cobalt and iron doped molecular sieve silica-based ceramic membranes were evaluated based on the ammonia concentration factor downstream and long-term performance. A modified low-temperature membrane evaluation system was utilized, featuring the ability to capture and measure ammonia in the permeate. It was found that the silica membrane with confirmed molecular sieving features had higher water selectivity over ammonia. This was due to a size selectivity mechanism that favoured water, but blocked ammonia. However, a cobalt doped silica membrane previously treated with high temperature water solutions demonstrated extraordinary preference towards ammonia by achieving up to a 50,000 mg/L ammonia concentration (a reusable concentration level) measured in the permeate when fed with 800 mg/L of ammonia solution. This exceeded the concentration factor expected by the benchmark VMD process by four-fold, suspected to be due to the competitive adsorption of ammonia over water into the silica structure with pores now large enough to accommodate ammonia. However, this membrane showed a gradual decline in selectivity, suspected to be due to the degradation of the silica material/pore structure after several hours of operation.
Atherosclerosis regression and high-density lipoproteins (2010)

Atherosclerosis regression has been demonstrated clearly in animal experimental models and, to a lesser extent, in human clinical studies. Imaging techniques for study of the arterial wall are playing a key role in promoting our appreciation of regression. LDL lowering remains the mainstay of current lipid treatment, but given the multiple antiatherosclerotic functions of HDL, including reverse cholesterol transport, agents that target HDL may represent the next generation of treatment for atherosclerotic disease. Currently available agents, including nicotinic acid, have documented antiatherosclerotic effects and trials examining clinical outcomes in the context of contemporary LDL treatment are now underway. Future approaches to HDL treatment may include cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors and apolipoprotein A-I mimetics.
Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 Levels and Progression of Aortic Arch Calcification in Non-Diabetic Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis (2011)

Changes in AoAC evaluated by using a simple chest radiograph are associated with serum FGF-23 levels. Excess accumulation of FGF-23 in serum may enable to inhibit the calcification process in vessel walls in chronic HD patients.