gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ASH evidence-based guidelines: what is the role of maintenance therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma? (2009)

A 51-year-old male was diagnosed with an IgA multiple myeloma (MM) after having back pain for several months. His bone marrow showed 30% involvement with plasma cells and his cytogenetics showed t(4:14). His beta2-microglobulin was 6.5 mg/dL at diagnosis and he had multiple lytic lesions, along with a creatinine of 2.3 mg/dL and significant anemia. Induction therapy with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone was used, and he was able to achieve complete remission after 4 cycles of therapy. He then went on to receive high-dose chemotherapy with a single autologous stem cell transplant. He tolerated it well and now comes to discuss follow-up treatment plans. He wants to discuss maintenance therapy.
Effective photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol with CuO nano particles prepared by ionic liquids/water system (2021)

The hydrophobic ionic liquids/water two-phase system was developed to prepare CuO nano particles. The catalytic activity of the synthesized CuO was investigated by photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in the presence of H2O2 under visible light irradiation. The optical properties of the synthesized CuO were characterized by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Experimental results indicated that the band gap energy (Eg), conduction band edge potential (ECB) and valence band edge potential (EVB) of the synthesized CuO were 1.37 eV, 0.625 eV and 1.995 eV, respectively. A degradation efficiency of 4-NP (4.8 mmol L−1) as high as 95.3% could be achieved under the conditions of pH 6.0, 0.48 g L−1 of CuO dosage, 1.4% of H2O2 dosage and 90 min of degradation time. The synthesized CuO exhibited poor catalytic activity under alkaline conditions due to the disassociation of 4-NP, which elevated the repulsion between CuO and the 4-NP anions. The synthesized CuO nano particles exhibited higher catalytic activity compared with the catalysts reported in literature. Furthermore, the synthesized CuO nano particles could be reused at least six times without decreasing their catalytic activity. Compared with the traditional hydrothermal method, mild operating conditions and time saving are the advantages of the developed method for the preparation of CuO.
Probiotic Therapy: A Promising Strategy for the Control of Canine Hookworm (2013)

Canis familiaris is a domestic animal which plays an important role as a pet; however, it is very likely to develop diseases characterized by high morbidity and mortality. In this sense, there are some Ancylostomatidae species that can lead to anemia, weight loss, and abdominal pain. Therefore, the treatment with allopathic drugs is essential for eliminating the parasitism. However, the increasing occurrence of resistance to allopathic treatments stimulates the search for new therapeutic inputs, among which the probiotics stand out and are able to positively alter the intestinal microbiota and exert immunomodulatory effect. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the applicability of using species of Lactobacillus (L. acidophilus ATCC 4536, L. plantarum ATCC 8014, and L. delbrueckii UFV H2B20) to control canine ancylostomiasis. A probiotic preparation containing 1 × 10(6) CFU of each strain was administered to 10 naturally infected animals, on alternate days for 28 days. It was observed that the treatment with the probiotic preparation led to a significant reduction in EPG of feces (88.83%/ P < 0.05), as well as an increase in leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, highlighting the potential use of Lactobacillus species in the control of canine ancylostomiasis.
Map Estimators For Self-Similar Sparse Stochastic Models (2013)

Publication in the conference proceedings of SampTA, Bremen, Germany, 2013
Wave equation for pulse propagation beyond slowly varying envelope approximation (1996)

To describe the pulse propagation in the fiber, the slowly varying envelope approximation (SVEA) is usually assumed in deriving the wave equation, which is known as the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation (GNLSE). [1] For the femtosecond pulse which contains only few optical cycles within its envelope, the SVEA is no longer valid. To overcome this deficiency, the Maxwell equations directly together with linear and nonlinear susceptibilities are numerically solved but this approach is complicated. [2] Therefore a rigorous derivation of the wave equation suitable for the femtosecond pulse is required. In this paper, we will present an iterative method to derive the wave equation beyond the SVEA.
Re: Prognostic Significance of a Short Sequence Insertion in the MCL-1 Promoter in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2005)

Wt = wild-type allele; 6 = 6-nucleotide insertion; 18 = 18-nucleotide insertion. B-CLL = B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
O3‐12‐05: INCREASED CSF SOLUBLE TREM2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH AMELIORATED LONGITUDINAL COGNITIVE AND CLINICAL DECLINE IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2019)

Loss of function of TREM2, a key receptor selectively expressed by microglia in the brain, is associated with a 2–3 fold higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebrospinal fluid levels (CSF) of soluble TREM2 protein (sTREM2) are gradually increased in both autosomal dominant AD and sporadic AD. Here we addressed the key open question whether higher CSF sTREM2 levels in subjects with biomarker evidence of AD are beneficial or detrimental for subsequent cognitive and clinical changes. In 385 subjects including cognitive normal controls, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients, CSF sTREM2 at baseline was measured with an ELISA assay. Episodic memory (composite score ADNI-MEM) and global cognition (ADAScog) were assessed annually for up to 11.5 years (median = 4 years, range = 1.5 – 11.5 years). Change in hippocampus volume was determined via Freesurfer-based longitudinal MRI processing. In mixed effects regression analyses, CSF sTREM2 was tested as a predictor of the rate of cognitive and hippocampal changes, controlled for CSF Aß1-42, CSF p-tau181, age, gender, education and clinical diagnosis in groups characterized by the new NIA-AA consensus AT(N)-diagnostic framework of AD. Cox-regression tested CSF sTREM2 as a predictor of time to progression to AD dementia. In subjects with CSF-biomarker evidence of beta-amyloid (A+) and tau pathology (T+) regardless of the clinical syndrome (n = 285), higher CSF sTREM2 at baseline was associated with attenuated decline in memory and global cognition, controlled for CSF AD biomarker levels. When stratified by clinical diagnosis, the association between higher CSF sTREM2 and subsequent reduced memory decline was consistently observed in MCI A+T+ (n = 184) and AD dementia A+T+ (n = 66). Higher CSF sTREM2 was associated with slower hippocampus volume decline in MCI A+T+ but not AD dementia. For clinical progression, a higher ratio of CSF sTREM2 to p-tau181 predicted slower conversion to MCI or AD dementia in the A+T+ subjects (Figure).
Federated Learning Challenges and Opportunities: An Outlook (2022)

Federated learning (FL) has been developed as a promising framework to leverage the resources of edge devices, enhance customers' privacy, comply with regulations, and reduce development costs. Although many methods and applications have been developed for FL, several critical challenges for practical FL systems remain unaddressed. This paper provides an outlook on FL development, categorized into five emerging directions of FL, namely algorithm foundation, personalization, hardware and security constraints, lifelong learning, and nonstandard data. Our unique perspectives are backed by practical observations from large-scale federated systems for edge devices.
A photosensitive vascular smooth muscle store of nitric oxide in mouse aorta: no dependence on expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (2003)

(1) Photorelaxation is the reversible relaxation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) when irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light resulting from the release of nitric oxide (NO). In this study we characterize the involvement of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the photorelaxation response of thoracic aorta from endothelial NOS deficient (-/-) and control (C57BL/6j) mice. (2) Cirazoline contracted aortae were repeatedly exposed to 30 s of UV light every 3-4 min. Equal levels of photorelaxation (45+/-2%; n=34) was observed in both strains. (3) 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), K(+), 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and ethacrynic acid significantly reduced the photorelaxation response. In C57BL/6j mice diethyldithiocarbamate (DETCA) also reduced photorelaxation. (4) Control endothelium-intact and -denuded aorta and L-NAME (100 micro M) treated and untreated eNOS (-/-) aortae were repeatedly exposed to UV light for 5 min every 10 min until no photorelaxation response was observed. After 1 h of rest in the dark the vessels showed between 30-70% recovery of the photorelaxation response indicating regeneration of the store in the absence of the endothelium and eNOS. (5) The results of this study suggest that photorelaxation in mouse aorta VSM results from the release of NO from a stable store of RSNOs, which activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), leading to cGMP-dependent relaxation that is partially mediated by an increase in K(V) channel activation and hyperpolarization. In addition, the eNOS isoform is not essential for the formation of the photorelaxation store and a non-NOS source of NO may be involved in the maintenance of this store.
Inhibition of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Reduces Tumor Growth by Modulating β-Catenin Signaling (2008)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) play important roles in development, angiogenesis, and cancer. FGF19 uniquely binds to FGF receptor 4 (FGFR4). Our previous study has shown that FGF19 transgenic tumors have an activated Wnt-pathway phenotype. Wnt signaling is implicated in initiating or promoting FGF signaling in various cell types and organs. In this study, we examined whether FGF19 or inhibition of FGF19 affects the beta-catenin signaling pathway using human colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, Colo201). Our results show that FGF19 increases tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin and causes loss of beta-catenin-E-cadherin binding. FGF19 increases p-GSK3beta and active beta-catenin levels and anti-FGF19 antibody (1A6) treatment abrogates this effect of FGF19. Anti-FGF19 antibody treatment increases S33/S37/T41 phosphorylation and ubiquitination of beta-catenin. Ion-trap mass spectrometric analysis confirmed that 1A6 increases phosphorylation of beta-catenin in the NH(2) terminus. Using HCT116-paired beta-catenin knockout cells, we show that FGF19 induces TCF/LEF reporter activity in parental (WT/Delta45) and in WT/--but not in mutant (-/Delta45) cells, and that inhibition of endogenous FGF19 reduces this reporter activity, indicating that wild-type beta-catenin is accessible for modulation. FGFR4 knockdown using inducible short hairpin RNA significantly reduces the colony-forming ability in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Although cleaved caspase-3 immunoreactivity remains unchanged, the number of ki67-positive nuclei is reduced in FGFR4 knockdown tumor xenograft tissues. Consistent with the reduced beta-catenin activation, Taqman analyses show that FGF19/FGFR4 inhibition reduced beta-catenin target gene (cyclin D1, CD44, c-jun, Cox-2, UPAR) expression. These findings highlight that FGF19/FGFR4 cross-talk with beta-catenin and that pathway intervention reduces tumor growth.
Predictive value of high-sensitive troponin t versus conventional biomarkers for 1-year left ventricular function and infarct size after STEMI (2015)

-0.59, IS: r=0 .54 to 0.69), and peak hs-CRP (LVEF: r= -0.32 to -0.36, IS: r = 0.31 to 0.36) were also significantly related with CMR parameters (all p 8 % of left ventricular myocardial mass, n = 36). The combination of biomarkers did not significantly improve the predictive power of hs-cTnT alone (p > 0.05). Conclusions In patients with first STEMI, peak concentrations of hscTnT are closely correlated to long-term myocardial function and infarct size. Maximum concentrations of CK, LDH, and hs-CRP were also correlated with 12months LVEF and infarct size, but did not add any significant prognostic value compared to hs-cTnT alone.
Supportive therapy in radiation oncology (1977)

Measures for supportive care of the radiation therapy patient are presented. These include emotional support prior to and during the course of therapy facilitated by a written interview that allows the radiation oncologist to be a supportive communicator of realistic information. A discussion is made of the support of body tissues affected by combination radiation and chemotherapy. These tissues usually include skin, oral, esophageal and intestinal mucosa, and teeth. Means of maintaining nutritional support following weight loss of patients during therapy are described.
Super-Twisting Algorithm for DC Motor Position Control via Disturbance Observer (2015)

This paper develops a Super-Twisting Algorithm controller via a nonlinear disturbance observer for a DC motor system subject to matched and unmatched uncertainties. The proposed controller is based upon a novel Nonlinear Disturbance Observer structure which uses the concept of total disturbance estimation in order to estimate simultaneously the matched and the unmatched uncertainties in the system. This estimation is incorporated then in a composite observer based controller where the stability analysis is given. Simulations results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller compared to other some existing control designs and show its advantages in terms of disturbance rejection, nominal performance recovery and chattering reduction.
Adherent Nanoporous Anatase TiO 2 Membranes on Stainless Steel Substrates (2011)

Nanostructured TiO 2 is one of the most commonly used materials in photocatalytic applications and photochemical solar cells. This article describes a method to synthesize nanoporous anatase TiO 2 membranes directly on stainless steel ( SS ), an easily available substrate by anodization to form amorphous TiO 2 and a subsequent heat treatment to convert it into anatase, the photoactive phase. To obtain adherent membranes with interfaces that are resistant to peeling, both anodization and heat treatment parameters need to be optimized to obtain a heterostructure that contains a Ti film between the TiO 2 membrane and the substrate.
<title>Synthesis and characterization of thermally robust electro-optic polymers</title> (1994)

Recently, substantial progress has been made in molecular design of nonlinear optical chromophores toward the goal of large nonlinearities while retaining thermal stability. Modifications of donor groups, delocalized (pi) -systems, and acceptor groups have all been made, and examples of each are described. The utility of each modification for preparation of electro-optic polymers is discussed. Resistance to thermal decomposition is not sufficient for practical applications; NLO polymers must also be resistant to thermal depoling and to sublimation of chromophores out of the polymers. It is therefore concluded that chemical tethering is required. Synthetic strategies for tethering our better chromophores to thermally stable polyimides are described, and the results of materials prepared to date are given.
Increase in Vortex Penetration Field on Nb Ellipsoid Coated With a MbB2 Thin Film (2015)

Since SRF2013, there has been a remarkable progress in terms of sample measurement. Instead of measuring a flat film that allows magnetic field on both sides of the film, which does not simulate the situation on a SRF cavity correctly, an ellipsoidal bulk Nb (rugby-ball shape with ~8 mm long axis) was coated with a MgB2 film and its vortex penetration field has been measured with a SQUID magnetometer and compared with uncoated samples. After a number of measurements, vortex penetration field has been consistent with maximum critical RF field, superheating field. Here, we show that 100 nm and 200 nm thick MgB2 coating increases the vortex penetration field by up to ~70 mT, e.g., 240 mT (200 nm MgB2 coated Nb) vs. 170 mT (uncoated Nb) at 2.8 K (lowest measurement temperature) with the trend of increasing as temperature goes down. This is consistent with recent theoretical development saying that the increase is possible even without an insulation layer, which makes the coating easier. In this talk, the thickness dependence of the rise and comparison with theory will be shown.
Infrared tomographic system for monitoring the two-dimensional distribution of atmospheric pollution over limited areas (2000)

The authors analyze the feasibility and performance of a particular tomographic system for atmospheric pollution monitoring over limited areas (e.g. urban areas). Such a system exploits attenuation-based infrared measurements of the average concentration of the fundamental molecular species of pollutants along rectilinear paths. First, the paper demonstrates the feasibility of an apparatus based on semiconductor infrared laser diode transmitters and passive retroreflectors, capable of measuring the average concentration of pollutants along rectilinear paths with 2 km maximum length, by exploiting their infrared absorption properties. For each gaseous species of interest, the optimal wavelength is then singled out, with the purpose of applying the derivative method for measuring the corresponding average atmospheric concentration. The optimal wavelengths are determined based on both absorption data of atmospheric components and plausible ranges of variation of their concentration. Finally, the authors present simulations carried out to evaluate the reconstruction of spatial concentration fields of several air pollutants, obtained through a tomographic inversion algorithm exploiting simultaneous attenuation measurements made along different infrared links. Two different network topologies for such measurements are considered.
Atrioventricular conduction in patients undergoing pacemaker implant following self‐expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement (2019)

Half of the patients undergoing CIED placement for heart block following SE-TAVR recovered AV conduction within several months and maintained this over an extended follow-up period. Some patients demonstrated transient recovery of conduction before recurrence of conduction loss. Larger aortic annulus diameter was negatively associated with conduction recovery.
Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer (1990)

The measurement of particle size distributions using electrical mobility can be accelerated significantly by an alternate mode of operating mobility instruments. Rather than changing the electric field in discrete steps to select particles in a given mobility range, the electric field can be scanned continuously. The particles are classified in a time-varying electric field, but for an exponential ramp in the field strength there remains a one-to-one correspondence between the time a particle enters the classifier and the time it leaves. By this method, complete scans of mobility with as many as 100 mobility measurements have been made in 30 seconds using a differential mobility classifier with a condensation nuclei counter as a detector.
Non-Isolated High-Gain Triple Port DC–DC Buck-Boost Converter With Positive Output Voltage for Photovoltaic Applications (2020)

The solar PV based power generation systems are growing faster due to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental concerns. Combining PV panels and energy buffers such as battery through multi-port converter is one of the viable solutions to deal with the intermittency of PV power. The goal of this paper is to design and analyze the proposed triple port DC-DC buck-boost converter for high step-up/step-down applications. It has two unidirectional ports (port-1 and port-3) and one bi-directional port (port-2) for harnessing photovoltaic energy and charging the battery. At port-1, the combined structure of buck and buck-boost converter is used with a particular arrangement of switches and inductors. The step-up/step-down voltage conversion ratio is higher than the conventional buck-boost converter, and the polarity of the output voltage is maintained positive. The battery is added at the bi-directional port, for the storage of energy through the bi-directional boost converter. The switches operate synchronously for most of the modes making the control strategy simple. The characteristics and modes of operation along with a switching strategy, are elaborated. Experimental results are presented which validate the agreement with the developed theoretical expectation.
Towards Inertial Sensor Based Mobile Gait Analysis: Event-Detection and Spatio-Temporal Parameters (2018)

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and test-retest reliability of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) system for gait analysis. Twenty-four healthy subjects conducted a 6-min walking test and were instrumented with seven IMUs and retroreflective markers. A kinematic approach was used to estimate the initial and terminal contact events in real-time. Based on these events twelve spatio-temporal parameters (STP) were calculated. A marker based optical motion capture (OMC) system provided the reference. Event-detection rate was about 99%. Detection offset was below 0.017 s. Relative root mean square error (RMSE) ranged from 0.90% to 4.40% for most parameters. However, the parameters that require spatial information of both feet showed higher errors. Step length showed a relative RMSE of 6.69%. Step width and swing width revealed the highest relative RMSE (34.34% and 35.20%). Test-retest results ranged from 0.67 to 0.92, except for the step width (0.25). Summarizing, it appears that the parameters describing the lateral distance between the feet need further improvement. However, the results of the validity and reliability of the IMU system encourage its validation in clinical settings as well as further research.
Room temperature spin Hall magnetoresistance at a hetero-interface between multiferroic Bi1.05La0.05FeO3 and heavy-metal Pt (2022)

Thin films of Bi1.05La0.05FeO3 (BLFO) have been deposited on a CaRuO3 buffering layer on SrTiO3 using pulsed laser deposition. Then, a Pt thin layer was in situ sputtered on the surface of BLFO. The crystallization characteristic and surface morphology of the BLFO layer were checked. Spin transporting behaviors of the Pt/BLFO structure were investigated at room temperature. Interestingly, a magnetoresistance effect was observed at the interface of the Pt/BLFO bilayer. The spin mixing conductance at the interface between BLFO and Pt was estimated after a corrections of Pt thickness. This implies that the manipulation of spin–orbit coupling is possible at the interface of a single-phase multiferroic (e.g., BLFO) and a heavy metal (e.g., Pt).