gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The VLSI-programming language Tangram and its translation into handshake circuits (1991)

In this paper we view VLSI design as a programming activity. VLSI designs are described in the algorithmic programming language Tangram. The paper gives an overview of Tangram, providing sufficient detail to invite the reader to try a small VLSI program himself. Tangram programs can be translated into handshake circuits, networks of elementary components that interact by handshake signaling. We have constructed a silicon compiler that automates this translation and converts these handshake circuits into asynchronous circuits and subsequently into VLSI layouts.
Synthesis, Functionalization, and Bioconjugation of Monodisperse, Silica‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles: Robust Bioprobes (2005)

Abstract Herein, we report an efficient process for preparing monodisperse Au@SiO 2 nanoparticles using homogeneous shaking and without the use of surface‐coupling silane agents or large stabilizers. The resulting pure‐silica surface of the Au@SiO 2 nanoparticles is very important for straightforward surface functionalization with different functional groups via well‐established silica surface chemistry. Subsequent covalent bioconjugation of the aldehyde‐functionalized Au@SiO 2 nanoparticles with various biomolecules is successfully employed to make robust nanoprobes for fast, colorimetric DNA and protein detection based on the sequence‐specific hybridization properties of DNA and the specific binding affinity between proteins, respectively.
GENETIC IMPROVEMENT AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF LUPINUS HAVARDII WATS. (BIG BEND BLUEBONNET) AS A NEW SPECIALTY CUT FLOWER CROP (2007)

ISHS XXII International Eucarpia Symposium, Section Ornamentals, Breeding for Beauty - Part II GENETIC IMPROVEMENT AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF LUPINUS HAVARDII WATS. (BIG BEND BLUEBONNET) AS A NEW SPECIALTY CUT FLOWER CROP
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PERFLUORO‐2‐AZAPROPENE WITH ALCOHOLS AND AMINES (1979)

Abstract Das Per‐ fluorazapropen (I) reagiert in Gegenwart von Triethylamin mit Alkoholen (II) zu Trifluormethyliminodialkylcarbonaten (III), während ohne Base Alkyltrifluormethylcarbamate (IV) entstehen.
Some Reflections on Complexities in Understanding Virus Biology (2018)

The discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 coreceptor offers example that complex cellular determinants contribute to difficult interpretations of virus biology. Understanding virus-induced diseases, either HIV or non-HIV, is compounded by the complexities inherent to the virus, the host reaction, epidemiological considerations, study-system variables, and, indeed, virus superinfections of the primary viral disorder. It is apparent that HIV is neither uniquely confusing nor uniquely complex. The complexity of HIV is one that is inherent to all biological systems. Kaposi's sarcoma illustrates another case in which careful consideration of viral etiologies is important to understanding complex pathologies. The strong belief that herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 accounted for cervical cancer despite difficulties in demonstrating viral DNA in cervical cancers led to the proposition of a &quot;hit-and-run&quot; hypothesis. Cervical cancer is highlighted by its strong epidemiological association with smoking, age, and multiple sexual partners.
Improved the surface properties of carbon fiber through hyperbranched polyaryletherketone sizing (2022)

Abstract A heat‐resistant soluble hyperbranched polyaryl ether ketone (HPAEK) is synthesized as the main resin of sizing agent and coated on the surface of carbon fiber (CF) with active group. As a result, the monofilament tensile strength of CF is increased by 12.00% and due to the improved fiber surface wettability and interface compatibility between CF and polyether ether ketone (PEEK), a 68.29% increase of interlaminar shear strength is achieved.
Ultrasonic sealing versus heat conductive sealing of polyethylene/polybutene‐1 peel films (2013)

Abstract The ultrasonic sealing (USS) is a new and modern possibility to seal peel films for packaging, for example for food and for medical packages. The heat conductive sealing (HCS) in contrast is already well described in science and practice. This study is a comparison of the effectiveness of both the USS and the HCS method using low‐density polyethylene/isotactic polybutene‐1 peel films. The influence of the recipe of the film, i.e., the amount of the peel component used and the thickness of the peel layer, as well as the sealing parameters, i.e., the sealing temperature, time, and pressure in case of HCS and the sealing force, time, and amplitude in case of USS, on the peel behavior were investigated. To characterize the peel behavior, the peel force, the maximum peel force, and the fracture mechanics, energy release rate were used. The sealing force has a strong impact on the peel properties. This behavior is similar to the influence of the sealing temperature. The peel behavior can be adjusted by varying the content of isotactic polybutene‐1. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
From Genes to Geography, from Cells to Community, from Biomolecules to Behaviors: The Importance of Social Determinants of Health (2022)

Much scientific work over the past few decades has linked health outcomes and disease risk to genomics, to derive a better understanding of disease mechanisms at the genetic and molecular level. However, genomics alone does not quite capture the full picture of one's overall health. Modern computational biomedical research is moving in the direction of including social/environmental factors that ultimately affect quality of life and health outcomes at both the population and individual level. The future of studying disease now lies at the hands of the social determinants of health (SDOH) to answer pressing clinical questions and address healthcare disparities across population groups through its integration into electronic health records (EHRs). In this perspective article, we argue that the SDOH are the future of disease risk and health outcomes studies due to their vast coverage of a patient's overall health. SDOH data availability in EHRs has improved tremendously over the years with EHR toolkits, diagnosis codes, wearable devices, and census tract information to study disease risk. We discuss the availability of SDOH data, challenges in SDOH implementation, its future in real-world evidence studies, and the next steps to report study outcomes in an equitable and actionable way.
Rights and Roles: Alaska Natives and Ocean and Coastal Subsistence Resources (2013)

This article explores the strengths and weaknesses of the two pillars of the framework for managing marine subsistence resources in Alaska: the pillar that protects Alaska Native rights to marine subsistence resources, and the pillar that protects the resources themselves. It focuses on how well the pillars support subsistence practices and Alaska Native leadership in the management framework. Part I summarizes the management challenge posed by the effects rapid climate change is causing in the Arctic, including impacts to the marine subsistence resources upon which Alaska Natives depend. Part II explores the laws and doctrines related to Alaska Native subsistence hunting and fishing rights in the marine environment and the benefits and drawbacks of the framework. Part III examines Alaska Native involvement in the existing system for managing and protecting subsistence marine resources and ensuring their long-term sustainability. The goal of the paper is to provide the reader with an understanding of the framework that defines Alaska Natives' rights to use marine subsistence resources and to engage in managing the resources themselves.
Use of Green Fluorescent Protein To Tag Lactic Acid Bacterium Strains under Development as Live Vaccine Vectors (2000)

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are safe microorganisms which are mainly used for the preparation of fermented foods and for probiotic applications. The potential of LAB as live vehicles for the production and delivery of therapeutic molecules such as antigens is also being actively investigated today. However, very little is known about the fate of live LAB when administered in vivo and about the interaction of these microorganisms with the nasal or gastrointestinal ecosystem. For future applications, it is essential to be able to discriminate the biotherapeutic strain from the endogenous microflora and to unravel the mechanisms underlying the postulated health-beneficial effect. We therefore started to investigate both aspects in a mouse model with two LAB species presently under development as live vaccine vectors, i.e., Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum. We have constructed different expression vectors carrying the gfp (green fluorescent protein [GFP]) gene from the jellyfish Aequoria victoria, and we found that this visible marker was best expressed when placed under the control of the inducible strong nisA promoter from L. lactis. Notably, a threshold amount of GFP was necessary to obtain a bright fluorescent phenotype. We further demonstrated that fluorescent L. plantarum NCIMB8826 can be enumerated and sorted by flow cytometry. Moreover, tagging of this strain with GFP allowed us to visualize its phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro and ex vivo and to trace it in the gastrointestinal tract of mice upon oral administration.
Feasibility of Reactive Distillation for Fischer−Tropsch Synthesis (2008)

Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an area that is receiving revived interest worldwide as a technology alternative to produce transportation fuels as well as chemicals from syngas. SASOL and Shell are two of the major players who operate FT reactors on a commercial scale. To have a balance between gasoline and diesel production, one needs to have both the low temperature (LTFT) and high-temperature (HTFT) processes operating in parallel. Heat-removal from the exothermic FT reactions was the main driver in the development of conventional FT reactors (fixed-bed, fluidized bed, or slurry type). However, the focus has recently shifted toward the product distribution as well. Reactive distillation (RD) is a proven reactive separation method that can enhance yields as well as improve product selectivity in multiple reactant/product systems. This paper aims to check if FTS is feasible in RD from a theoretical viewpoint. In-built thermodynamic procedures and power-law kinetics of Aspen Plus, along with a simplified kinetic model that predicts product distribution, were used in performing the simulations. Simulation results of the conventional reactors are compared with RD, and it is seen that the performance of RD is at par or better than the conventional reactors in terms of conversion, yield, and product distribution. Within the RD mode for FTS, results of some of the alternate column configurations are presented. The results indicate that FTS can be a potential candidate to be implemented using RD.
Genomic polymorphism, recombination, and linkage disequilibrium in human major histocompatibility complex-encoded antigen-processing genes. (1992)

Recently, two subunits of a large cytosolic protease and two putative peptide transporter proteins were found to be encoded by genes within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). These genes have been suggested to be involved in the processing of antigenic proteins for presentation by MHC class I molecules. Because of the high degree of polymorphism in MHC genes, and previous evidence for both functional and polypeptide sequence polymorphism in the proteins encoded by the antigen-processing genes, we tested DNA from 27 consanguineous human cell lines for genomic polymorphism by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. These studies demonstrate a strong linkage disequilibrium between TAP1 and LMP2 RFLPs. Moreover, RFLPs, as well as a polymorphic stop codon in the telomeric TAP2 gene, appear to be in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DR alleles and RFLPs in the HLA-DO gene. A high rate of recombination, however, seems to occur in the center of the complex, between the TAP1 and TAP2 genes.
On the Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks (2018)

In this study, lanthanide metal-organic frameworks Ln(BTC)(DMF)2(H2O) (LnMOFs) are synthesized using the metal nitrates as lanthanide (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) source and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) as a coordination ligand. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) analysis fluorescence spectroscopy (FLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are employed to characterize the newly synthesized LnMOFs.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Identification of Novel Isoforms of the <i>EML4-ALK</i> Transforming Gene in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Identification of Novel Isoforms of the &lt;i&gt;EML4-ALK&lt;/i&gt; Transforming Gene in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Early and middle term results after surgical treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (2011)

In situ single screw fixation for treating mild and moderate SCFE has a satisfactory clinical outcome, and the advantage of prevention of further slippage. Subtrochanteric osteotomy of the femur with external fixator is suitable for severe SCFE with late deformity; the realignment procedure can correct deformity and postpone or prevent subsequent osteoarthritis.
Selective reductions. XIII. Reaction of 2-cyclopentenones with representative complex hydrides. Aluminum hydride as a selective reagent for the reduction of the carbonyl group in 2-cyclopentenones (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reductions. XIII. Reaction of 2-cyclopentenones with representative complex hydrides. Aluminum hydride as a selective reagent for the reduction of the carbonyl group in 2-cyclopentenonesHerbert Charles Brown and Henry M. HessCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 7, 2206–2209Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01259a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01259a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views792Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chronic Achilles paratenonitis (1988)

Pathological alterations in chronic Achilles paratenonitis were studied histologically and using immunofluorescence techniques for fibronectin and fibrinogen in tissue samples obtained operatively from 11 athletes with this complaint and from 4 male cadavers serving as controls. The average duration of the paratenonitis was 20.4 months. The paratendineal fatty areolar tissue was clearly thickened and edematous, showing widespread fat necrosis and considerable connective tissue proliferation. The blood vessels were often obliterated and degenerated. Fibronectin and fibrinogen were commonly found in the proliferating connective tissue areas and in the vascular walls. Exudates rich in fibrinogen and fibronectin were seen in the inflamed paratendineal tissues, but not in the controls. The results indicate that increased vascular permeability and fibrin formation still persist in chronic Achilles paratenonitis and that marked obliterative and degenerative alterations of the blood vessels are frequent. The presence of fibronectin and fibrinogen points to an immature nature of scar tissue in chronic paratenonitis.
An efficient class and object encoding (2000)

An object encoding translates a language with object primitives to one without. Similarly, a class encoding translates classes into other primitives. Both are important theoretically for comparing the expressive power of languages and for transferring results from traditional languages to those with objects and classes. Both are also important foundations for the implementation of object-oriented languages as compilers typically include a phase that performs these translations.This paper describes a language with a primitive notion of classes and objects and presents an encoding of this language into one with records and functions. The encoding uses two techniques often used in compilers for single-inheritance class-based object-oriented languages: the self-application semantics and the method-table technique. To type the output of the encoding, the encoding uses a new formulation of self quantifiers that is more powerful than previous approaches.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetals of Lactams and Acid Amides. Synthesis of Derivatives of β‐ Pyrrolyl‐2‐acrylic Acids, e.g. (III), and Pyrano(3,2‐b)pyrroles, e.g. ( IV). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence on the Long-Term Stability of Polysilicon Resistors from Traces of Titanium and Tungsten (2000)

Trace amounts of a residue, formed during patterning of the TiW film by etching in , cause a significant improvement in the long‐term stability of polysilicon integrated circuit resistors. The stabilization is the result of a reduction in the amount of hydrogen reaching the grain boundary dangling bonds during processing. This appears to be due to a retardation in the diffusion of hydrogen caused by an ability of the TiW residue on the borophosphosilicate glass surface to change the relative amounts of atomic and molecular hydrogen. The amounts of hydrogen involved in the resistivity changes have been evaluated. Typically, for 500 nm thick boron‐implanted chemical vapor deposited polysilicon films with a grain size of 150 nm, the concentration of grain boundary traps was . The amount of hydrogen passivating dangling bonds after hydrogen annealing and plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition nitride passivation was . After a 1000 h electrical and thermal stress at 150°C saturated the resistance drift, the amount of hydrogen that left the dangling bonds was . The presence of TiW residue reduced the amount of hydrogen reaching the dangling bond by and that leaving after stressing by . © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Nuclear Techniques for Cement Determination (1969)

SEVERAL NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CEMENT CONTENT IN SOIL-CEMENT AND CONCRETE HAVE BEEN STUDIED. ACTIVATION ANALYSIS APPEARS TO OFFER A PROMISING METHOD, THROUGH EITHER THE DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM (FORMATION OF RADIO-ACTIVE CA-49) OR THE DETERMINATION OF SILICON (FORMATION OF A1-28). EITHER MEASURING TECHNIQUE IS RAPID AND SIMPLE, BUT THAT FOR CALCIUM IS MORE DIRECT AND REPRODUCIBLE. ADDITION OF A STABLE TRACER, MEASUREMENT OF NATURAL RADIOISOTOPIC CONTENT, AND ISOTOPE DILUTION DO NOT APPEAR TO BE AS APPLICABLE AS ACTIVATION ANALYSIS. HOWEVER, UNDER SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES, THESE TECHNIQUES MAY BE USEFUL. /AUTHOR/
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Triazole Derivatives of Cinitapride. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of 4-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,2-benzenediol, a Metabolite ofSphaerophysa salsula (2003)

4-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,2-benzenediol (7), a stilbene isolated from Sphaerophysa salsula, was synthesized from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (1) in five steps in an overall yield of 33%. The spectral data for synthetic 7 are in good agreement with those of the natural product. Hydroxystilbene 7 showed potent antioxidative activity.
Oxidative stress & male infertility. (2009)

The male factor is considered a major contributory factor to infertility. Apart from the conventional causes for male infertility such as varicocoele, cryptorchidism, infections, obstructive lesions, cystic fibrosis, trauma, and tumours, a new and important cause has been identified: oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in the body. It is a powerful mechanism that can lead to sperm damage, deformity and eventually, male infertility. This review discusses the physiological need for ROS and their role in normal sperm function. It also highlights the mechanism of production and the pathophysiology of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system and enumerate the benefits of incorporating antioxidants in clinical and experimental settings.
Diesel Spray Characterization at Ultra-High Injection Pressure of DENSO 250 MPa Common Rail Fuel Injection System (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;High fuel injection pressure has been regarded as a key controlling factor for internal combustion engines to achieve good combustion performance with reduced emissions and improved fuel efficiency. For common-rail injection system (CRS) used in advanced diesel engines, fuel injection pressure can often be raised to beyond 200 MPa. Although characteristics of diesel spray has been thoroughly studied, little work has been done at ultra-high injection pressures. In this work, the characteristics of CRS diesel spray under ultra-high injection pressure up to 250 MPa was investigated. The experiments were conducted in an optically accessible high-pressure and high-temperature constant volume chamber. The injection pressure varied from 50 MPa to up to 250 MPa. Both non-evaporating condition and evaporating condition were studied. A single-hole injector was specially designed for this investigation. High-speed Mie-scattering imaging and Schlieren imaging were used to capture the global structure of the liquid and vapor sprays. In addition, high-speed microscopic back-lit imaging was used to obtain detailed information of sprays near the nozzle. Results show that, the increase of injection pressure from 50 MPa to 250 MPa decreases the injection response time and cut time by 58% and 49% respectively. A correlation of injection rate and the velocity of initial spray was observed. The initial spray experiences a quick accelerating to its maximum velocity, then quickly slows down, and higher injection pressure results in shorter accelerating time and higher maximum velocity. In addition, spray liquid penetration increases as injection pressure increases under non-evaporating conditions. However, under evaporating conditions, the increase of injection pressure from 50 MPa to 250 MPa results in about 15% decrease of liquid penetration but increase of vapor penetration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Polymorphism of the DNA repair enzyme XRCC1 is associated with treatment prediction in anthracycline and cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy of patients with primary invasive breast cancer (2007)

The DNA repair enzyme XRCC1 is a potential treatment predictor for the outcome and survival of anthracycline and cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy of invasive breast cancer.