gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning of the monocarboxylate transporter isoform MCT2 from rat testis provides evidence that expression in tissues is species-specific and may involve post-transcriptional regulation (1997)

The cDNA for the monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 from rat testis has been cloned and sequenced. The derived protein sequence shows 82% identity with that from hamster. Rat MCT2 has a relative insertion of five amino acids in the N-terminal sequence preceding the first predicted transmembrane segment. MCT2 appears to be less highly conserved between species than MCT1. Using Northern blotting of RNA from rat and mouse tissues, MCT2 message was demonstrated to be abundant in the testis where a smaller, less abundant MCT2 transcript was also present. Low levels of a slightly different-sized transcript were found in rat and mouse liver, and mouse kidney. In hamster, only one-size transcript was detected at relatively high abundance in all the tissues examined. Antibodies were raised against a peptide derived from the extreme C-terminus of rat MCT2, and Western blotting with these detected MCT2 in membrane fractions prepared from rat testis, liver and brain but not those from heart or skeletal muscle. In hamster, MCT2 was detected in liver, heart and testis but not in brain [Garcia, Brown, Pathak, and Goldstein (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 1843-1849]. For both rat MCT1 and MCT2 there were marked differences between the relative abundance of their respective messages and the amount of protein in membrane fractions from different tissues. This suggests that expression of both of these transporters in different tissues may be species-specific and regulated post-transcriptionally. The different-sized MCT2 transcripts may arise from alternative splicing. Starvation of rats for up to 48 h did not lead to any change in MCT1 or MCT2 expression in the liver, as determined by either Northern or Western blotting.
Metal–α,ω-Dicarboxylate Complexes. I. Aqua(2,2'-bipyridyl-N,N')(malonato-O,O')copper(II) Monohydrate (1997)

The title compound, [Cu(C3H2O4)(C10H8N2)(H2O)].H2O, exists as discrete monomers. The CuII ion is square pyramidal, with two N atoms of the bipyridyl ligand and two O atoms, one from each of the carboxylates of the folded dibasic acid, providing the base and a water molecule forming a long apical bond [Cu—O5 2.523 (3) Å]. The `scorpion-like' complex possesses a plane of symmetry bisecting the molecule lengthwise, the non-planarity arising from severe puckering of the six-membered chelate ring of the acid. Hydrogen-bonding interactions between the water molecules and the carboxylate O atoms stabilize the crystal structure.
Rapid Multiplex Assay for Serotyping Pneumococci with Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies (2005)

We have developed and characterized a rapid semiautomated pneumococcal serotyping system incorporating a pneumococcal lysate preparation protocol and a multiplex serotyping assay. The lysate preparation incorporates a bile solubility test to confirm pneumococcal identification that also enhances assay specificity. The multiplex serotyping assay consists of 24 assays specific for 36 serotypes: serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7A/7F, 8, 9L/9N, 9V, 10A/10B/39/(33C), 11A/11D/11F, 12A/12B/12F, 14, 15B/(15C), 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22A/22F, 23F, and 33A/33F. The multiplex assay requires a flow cytometer, two sets of latex particles coated with pneumococcal polysaccharides, and serotype-specific antibodies. Fourteen newly developed monoclonal antibodies specific for common serotypes and a pool of polyclonal rabbit sera for some of the less-common serotypes are used. The two monoclonal antibodies specific for serotypes 18C and 23F recognize serotype-specific epitopes that have not been previously described. These monoclonal antibodies make the identification of the 14 common serotypes invariant. The specificity of the serotyping assay is fully characterized with pneumococci of all known (i.e., 90) serotypes. The assay is sensitive enough to use bacterial lysates diluted 20 fold. Our serotyping system can identify not only all the serotypes in pneumococcal vaccines but also most (>90%) of clinical isolates. This system should be very useful in serotyping clinical isolates for evaluating pneumococcal vaccine efficacy.
Spontaneous adipogenic differentiation potential of adipose‑derived stem cells decreased with increasing cell passages (2018)

Primary adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a mixture of cell types including preadipocytes having the ability to spontaneously differentiate into adipocytes. The aim of the present study was to compare the spontaneous adipogenic differentiation potential of ADSCs at different passages to determine whether it decreased with continuous cell passages. Mouse ADSCs (mADSCs) were harvested and cells from passages 1 to 5 were used for experiments. The proliferation of mADSCs at different passages was tested using the cell counting kit‑8 assay. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine relative mRNA expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (Cebpa and C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (Pparg and PPARγ), and western blot analysis was used to investigate C/EBPα and PPARγ protein expression. The cells were cultured using DMEM. The fixed cells were then stained using Oil Red O on days 14 and 28, and the obtained extracted dye was monitored for absorbance. The 510 nm absorbance from passages 1 to 5 was observed to be statistically different. The relative expression levels of Cebpa and Pparg for mADSCs from passage 1 were significantly higher when compared with those for mADSCs from passages 2 to 5 on days 3, 5 and 7. However, no difference was identified in the expression levels of proteins C/EBPα and PPARγ for different passages. Although the mRNA expression levels of Pparg from passages 4 to 5 were significantly higher when compared with those from passage 1, the results of Oil Red O absorbance, mRNA expression levels of Cebpa, and the protein expression levels of C/EBPα and PPARγ exhibited no difference between mADSCs from passages 1 to 5 when cultured with induced adipogenic differentiation medium. Therefore, it was concluded that the spontaneous adipogenic differentiation potential of ADSCs decreased with continuous cell passages.
BTM - An Automated Rule-based BT Monitoring System for Piracy Detection (2007)

With the advent of peer-to-peer communication technologies, individuals can easily connect to one another over Internet for file sharing and online chatting. Although these technologies provide wonderful platforms for users to share their digital materials, its illegitimate use on unauthorized sharing of copyrighted files is increasingly rampant. With the BitTorrent (BT) technology, the tracking down of these illegal activities is even more difficult as the downloaders can also act as the distributors and cooperate to provide different parts of the same file for sharing. It is close to impossible for law enforcement agencies to trace these distributed and short-duration Internet piracy activities with limited resources. In this paper, we present the first automated rule-based software system, the BitTorrent monitoring (BTM) system, for monitoring, recording, and analyzing suspicious BT traffic on the Internet. From a preliminary experiment on a real case, the system successfully located 126 distributors (a.k.a. seeders) for some Cantonese pop songs within 90 minutes.
Port design and analysis methodology (1974)

This report presents techniques for planning and analysis of single purpose ports, multipurpose ports, multiport systems, and multiple purpose multiport systems. It presents novel approaches to multicommodity network flow analysis, port simulation and various methods of use in port system modeling.
Finger emitter/base bipolar junction phototransistors for optical gas sensing in the blue spectral region (2006)

In this work we report on the design, fabrication, electrical characterization and sensing tests of new silicon bipolar junction phototransistors, coated by Zn-(heptiloxy)-TPP. The finger-shaped emitter/base junction has been proved to enhance the responsivity in the blue spectral region with respect to the standard fully implanted detector (0.24A/W and 0.14A/W respectively at 5 V reverse bias). This effect has been experimentally tested in reverse biased E/B junction and, even though the phototransistor is operated with floating base, slightly forward biasing the E/B junction, this improvement in responsivity was still observed. The new transducers exhibit a beta current gain higher than 150 and were employed to detect ethanol concentrations down to 300ppm.
Vortex Generators for a Dual-Stream Low-Boom Inlet (2011)

o. The primary comparison was based on data collected at a 52-probe stagnation pressure rake and a boundary layer rake at the engine-face plane, as well as centerbody static pressures. The VG's were found to control the boundary layer over the entire angle of attack range investigated while maintaining good pressure recovery. The comparisons indicate that the RANS predictions reasonably describe this inlet flow and the effect of the flow control devices, and that this is a reasonable approach for inlet design. The devices were also considered for an inlet geometry more consistent with flight conditions, which showed that the VG benefits were retained in this geometry as well.
Suppression of Load-Swing Through Controlling Body Motions of a Floating Crane (2001)

For the ocean development, work vessels are important. The operability of such vessels are heavily affected by sea conditions. Here, for increasing the operability of floating cranes, we tried to suppress the swinging motion of a load in waves.For that purpose, we developed a control system of the swing of a load, through controlling body motions of a floating crane, and also developed a numerical simulation method for this estimation. Furthermore, we adopted the so called pneumatic control system for controlling the motion of a floating crane.
[Antigen-induced pulmonary arterial responses in the isolated perfused lung of sensitized rabbits]. (1994)

To investigate whether blood components, such as complements, antibody, platelets and leukocytes, can play important roles in increasing pulmonary arterial and airway pressures after antigen challenge in sensitized rabbits, we measured the time course of pulmonary arterial pressure, airway pressure and lung weight gain after antigen challenge in isolated perfused rabbit lungs. Nineteen rabbits were divided into 3 groups; S group (n = 9), which was sensitized rabbit lung with antigen added into perfusate; NS group (n = 5), which was nonsensitized rabbit lung with antigen added into perfusate; S+R group (n = 5), which was sensitized rabbit lung with autologous erythrocytes added into perfusate. Although agglutinin titer in sensitized rabbits was more than 1: 10,000, that in the perfusate was less than 1:16. Pulmonary arterial and airway pressures significantly increased after antigen challenge in S group, while those in NS and S+R groups did not show any change. Also there were no significant changes in pulmonary arterial and airway pressures and lung weight gain in nonsensitized rabbit lungs of the same agglutinin titer as S group. Lung weight gain in S group was 2-4 times higher than that in S+R group after antigen challenge. We conclude that blood components, such as complements, antibody, platelets and leukocytes, do not play important roles on antigen induced pulmonary responses in sensitized rabbit lungs.
Characterization of 3-D flow structures in the stenosed carotid bifurcation with plaque ulceration (2009)

Carotid plaque ulcerations, or irregularities in plaque surface morphology, have been identified as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Our previous studies using Doppler ultrasound (DUS) have indicated significant flow disturbances distal to ulceration in the atherosclerotic carotid bifurcation, as characterized by parameters such as turbulence intensity (TI). Additional tools are needed to understand the implications of such flow abnormalities on the risk of thrombogenesis and cerebral ischemic events. Numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can supplement experimental DUS studies, providing higher resolution, time-resolved models of 3-D flow fields. CFD is also able to quantify hemodynamic factors that indicate thromboembolic or plaque rupture potential. We report a CFD analysis of an ellipsoidal ulcer model and a matched non-ulcerated model in a moderately stenosed carotid bifurcation, with the same vessel geometries and flow conditions used in our previous DUS studies. The CFD models used a spatial finite element discretization of over 160,000 quadratic tetrahedral elements to adequately resolve the flow field. Pulsatile flow simulations with boundary conditions and flowrate waveforms matching DUS experimental conditions were iterated for ten cardiac cycles. Turbulence intensity was calculated for the CFD models and compared with DUS experimental results. The CFD models were able to capture differences in flow patterns between cardiac cycles. As observed in the empirical DUS results, the CFD ulcer model displayed higher levels of TI in the post-stenotic region than the CFD non-ulcerated model. The extent and magnitude of TI was comparable to the DUS results, after modeling for the effects of sample volume geometry, intrinsic spectral broadening, and a high pass filter. Furthermore, the CFD results indicate that sampling volume size and location have an effect on DUS quantification of TI in the post-stenotic carotid artery. Small elevations in maximum shear stress, transit time, shear exposure and level of threshold activation were observed in the ulcerated model, as compared to the non-ulcerated model. CFD facilitates the comparison of hemodynamic parameters between ulcer models and may help to demonstrate the risks of embolism or plaque rupture posed by ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid bifurcation.
Effect of Time of Loading, Frequency, and Amplitude of Current Pulses on Nonlinearity of I–V Characteristic of Conductive Adhesive Joints (2020)

Adhesive joints from electrically conductive adhesives were prepared by adhesive assembly resistors 0R0 on test PCBs. Two types of adhesives were used for the adhesive assembly. One-component adhesive and two-component adhesive. Both adhesives were based on bis-phenol epoxy matrix filled with silver flakes. Adhesives were applied by stencil printing. The test boards made the four-point measurement of the joints possible. The joints were loaded with the current pulses. Pulses were rectangular. Pulses amplitude was chosen so that the joint was heated only minimal. Changes of I-V characteristic nonlinearity depending on the amplitude of the pulses, their frequency, and the time of loading were examined. Two methods were used for evaluation of the results of experiments: full factorial experiments and Taguchi orthogonal arrays. Level of influence of, above mentioned, parameters on the I-V characteristic nonlinearity was examined. It was found that for two-component adhesive the dominant influence had the time of loading, for one-component the amplitude of the pulses. The influence of interactions of the parameters is weak only.
Contents (2017)

This book considers the underlying causes of the end of social democracy's golden age. It argues that the cross-national trend in social democratic parties since the 1970s has been towards an accommodation with neo-liberalism and a corresponding dilution of traditional social democratic commitments. The book looks at the impact of the change in economic conditions on social democracy in general, before examining the specific cases of Germany, Sweden and Australia. It examines the ideological crisis that engulfed social democracy. The book also looks at the post-1970 development of social policy, its fiscal implications and economic consequences in three European countries. It considers the evolution of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) from its re-emergence as a significant political force during the 1970s until the present day under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. The book also examines the evolution of the Swedish model in conjunction with social democratic reformism and the party's relations to the union movement. It explores the latest debate about what the German Social Democratic Party (SPD) stands for. The SPD became the role model for programmatic modernisation for the European centre-left. The book considers how British socialist and social democratic thought from the late nineteenth century to the present has treated the objective of helping people to fulfil their potential, talents and ambitions. It aims to contribute to a broader conversation about the future of social democracy by considering ways in which the political thought of 'third way' social democracy might be radicalised for the twenty-first century.
A Microwatt-Class Always-On Sensor Fusion Engine Featuring Ultra-Low-Power AOI Clocked Circuits in 14nm CMOS (2019)

A microwatt-class always-on sensor fusion engine is fabricated in 14nm CMOS and occupies 0.024mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Robust ultra-low-voltage And-Or-Invert (AOI) latch, integrated clock gate (ICG), flip-flop (FF) circuits achieve 19% clock power reduction with 100mV improved V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MIN</sub> . Single-instruction matrix operations, complex fixed-point SIMD instructions with inline shift/permute, programmable power gates, and AOI clocked circuits enable near-threshold voltage energy consumption of 19nJ/iteration for 9-Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) Kalman filter orientation estimation at 360mV, 25 °C.
Production of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) by basidiomycetous yeasts (2004)

Thirty-seven basidiomycetous yeasts belonging to 30 species of seven genera were grown on media containing l-cysteine or l-methionine as sole nitrogen sources with the objective of evaluating volatile organic sulfur compound (VOSC) production. The headspace of yeast cultures was analyzed by the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) sampling method, and volatile compounds were quantified and identified by GC-MS techniques. Ten strains assimilating L-methionine produced the following VOSCs: 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol, methanethiol, S-methyl thioacetate, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, allyl methyl sulphide and 4,5-dihydro-3(2H)-thiophenone. Production was <1 mgl(-1) except for 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol of which between 40 and 400 mgl(-1) was synthesized. Higher alcohols (isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol and active amyl alcohol) and esters (ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, n-propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, n-propyl propionate, n-butyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, amyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, amyl propionate and 2-phenylmethyl acetate) were also sporadically produced. This is the first report of VOSCs production by basidiomycetous yeasts. Consequently, basidiomycetous yeasts may be considered an interesting new group of microbial VOSCs producers for the flavor industry.
Inhibition of nitric oxide production is associated with enhanced weight loss, decreased survival, and impaired alloengraftment in mice undergoing graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation (1994)

The pathophysiologic role of nitric oxide (NO) in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was investigated in a murine bone marrow (BM) transplantation model where donor and recipient were H-2-matched but differed at multiple minor histocompatibility antigens. Host AKR/J (H-2K) mice received lethal total body irradiation as pretransplant conditioning followed by transplantation of donor B10.BR (H-2K) BM cells with or without spleen cells as a source of GVH-reactive T cells. NO production, as assessed by serum nitrate and nitrite levels, was increased for up to 3 weeks posttransplant in animals undergoing both moderate and severe GVHD. Administration of NG-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, to animals undergoing GVHD resulted in effective suppression of NO production when compared with saline-treated GVHD control animals. Suppression of NO production by L-NMA in GVHD animals was associated with enhanced weight loss early posttransplant and decreased overall survival. Histologic analysis of tissues from L-NMA-treated and saline-treated GVHD animals showed that early weight loss was not because of an exacerbation of GVHD, indicating that NO did not appear to play an immunosuppressive role in this experimental model. L-NMA-treated animals with enhanced weight loss were observed to have splenic atrophy, decreased extramedullary hematopoiesis, and a reduction in BM cellularity when compared with GVHD control mice that were weight-matched before transplant. Analysis of T-cell chimerism in the spleen showed that L-NMA treatment impaired donor T-cell repopulation. In vitro colony-forming unit (CFU) assays were performed to further assess the role of NO on BM progenitor cell growth. L-NMA added directly into culture had no effect on CFU-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) formation in normal murine BM. In contrast, total CFU-GM from L-NMA-treated animals were significantly reduced when compared with GVHD controls or BM control animals who did not develop GVHD. Collectively, these data indicate that inhibition of NO impairs hematopoietic reconstitution and support the premise that NO appears to play a novel role in the facilitation of alloengraftment posttransplant.
Regional Strengths of Bonding Agents to Cervical Sclerotic Root Dentin (1996)

The regional bond strengths of three current-generation bonding systems (All Bond 2, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, and Clearfil Liner Bond 2) were measured in natural wedge-shaped defects in the cervical area of extracted human teeth. A microtensile testing method was used to compare the strengths of resin bonds made to occlusal margins with those made to gingival margins. Controls consisted of normal teeth which had artificial wedge-shaped defects, of the same depth and dimension, created with a high-speed bur. The results indicated that there were no regional differences in bond strength, although bonds made to natural lesions were from 20 to 45% lower than those made to normal dentin in artificially created wedge-shaped defects, depending on the bonding agent. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that Clearfil Liner Bond 2 created the thinnest hybrid layers, which were difficult to measure in the natural lesions. The natural lesions contained sclerotic dentin, whereas the artificial lesions were composed of normal dentin. Although the bond strengths to sclerotic dentin were lower than those to normal dentin, the absolute values (ca. 16 to 17 MPa) were high relative to previous-generation bonding agents.
Delivering for aphasia (2011)

Providing a quality service for people with aphasia is a primary goal of speech-language pathologists working with neurogenic communication disorders. This paper reviews what is known about the incidence and prevalence of aphasia and what services are provided for people with aphasia. On the basis of the stroke data, the incidence of aphasia in the developed world ranges between 0.02-0.06% with prevalence ranging between 0.1-0.4%. Average hours of treatment for aphasic people in the developed world ranges between 1-5 hours per week, with a great deal of variability, although recent research suggests that intense treatment of ∼9 hours per week over a relatively short period is needed in order to be effective. It is concluded that there is a significant gap between what the research suggests is the appropriate amount of treatment and actual provision throughout the English-speaking world.