gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early intelligence assessments of COMBLOC computing (2021)

Espionage driven acquisition of Western technology played a key role in the development of computer science and technology for Warsaw Pact services during the Cold War period. US, UK, and other Allied nations, recognized this new field was inextricably linked at its creation to cryptography, navigation, weapons guidance, and a host of other military and dual-use applications. As a result, the Free World powers imposed export control restrictions that were intended to embargo the transfer of equipment and knowledge, in order to preserve hard-won advantage that recent wartime experience had taught could be fleeting under the intense pressures of innovation and adaption in combat. Despite such controls, Soviet foreign intelligence services provided critical early access that led to duplication of systems that were to some degree comparable in purpose and quality from the outset, and loomed larger still in the long shadow of intended future R&D pathways. Western intelligence services were not blind to this behavior; through unique collection approaches and sustained analytic efforts, they sought to track the state of Soviet computing and its role in strategic, military, and economic applications. This effort was effectively the dawn of the cyber intelligence mission.
Phenanthrene Derivatives from Cymbidium Great Flower Marie Laurencin and Their Biological Activities (2012)

A new phenanthrendione, ephemeranthoquinone B (1), two phenanthrenes, marylaurencinols A (2) and B (3), and a phenanthrene glucoside, marylaurencinoside A (4), were isolated from the roots of Cymbidium Great Flower Marie Laurencin, along with six known phenanthrenes, 5-10. The structures of these compounds were established by a combination of extensive NMR spectroscopy and/or X-ray crystallographic analysis and chemical degradation. The compounds were tested for antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae and for cytotoxic activity against the human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell line. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 showed antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 4.88 to 65.10 μM. Notably, ephemeranthoquinone B (1) had a strong antibacterial effect on B. subtilis. Furthermore, 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity (IC(50) 2.8 μM) against HL-60 cells. Compounds 4-9 also showed weak cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 cell line with IC(50) values of 19.3-52.4 μM.
Effects of a Combination of Zidovudine, Didanosine, and Lamivudine on Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (1997)

A combination of zidovudine, didanosine, and lamivudine was used to treat 10 patients with primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection 5-28 days after the onset of symptoms. When therapy began, the mean plasma HIV-1 RNA level was 5.31 +/- 0.33 log10 copies/mL and the mean CD4 T cell count was 630 +/- 112 x 10(6)/L. The plasma HIV-1 RNA level decreased rapidly, and levels dropped below the cutoff in each case after 108 +/- 32 days. Lymph nodes from 5 patients were biopsied before therapy and during follow-up. Infectious HIV-1 could not be cultivated from any lymph node mononuclear cells taken on day 90, and HIV-1 RNA was at very low levels in lymph nodes after 1 year. In some cases, waning of the antibody response to HIV-1 was shown by Western blot after several months of undetectable plasma RNA. These data demonstrate that triple-drug therapy has a potent antiviral effect during primary HIV-1 infection.
Optimization of a Natural Product-Based Class of γ-Secretase Modulators (2012)

A series of triterpene-based γ-secretase modulators is optimized. An acetate present at the C24 position of the natural product was replaced with either carbamates or ethers to provide compounds with better metabolic stability. With one of those pharmacophores in place at C24, morpholines or carbamates were installed at the C3 position to refine the physicochemical properties of the analogues. This strategy gave compounds with low clearance and good distribution into the central nervous system (CNS) of CD-1 mice. Two of these compounds, 100 and 120, were tested for a pharmacodynamic effect in the strain and lowered brain Aβ42 levels.
ChemInform Abstract: A Revised Synthesis of the Antitumor Antibiotic L‐Azatyrosine via 2‐Iodo‐5‐methoxypyridine. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measured and Computed Effect of Holes on Low-Frequency Magnetic Shielding Performance of Electrical Steel Sheet (2006)

Electrical steel sheet is widely used in constructing chambers and enclosures for magnetic shielding typically at power frequencies. In practice, sheets are cut into various shapes and drilled prior to forming or joining. The shielding performance can be affected by these processes. This paper presents the effect of a drilled hole on shielding performance of electrical steel sheet at 50 Hz. Both measurements and modeling show that the degradation is very localized around the drilled hole and it will not compromise shielding performance of the whole shielding enclosure
The NR4A Orphan Nuclear Receptor NOR1 Is Induced by Platelet-derived Growth Factor and Mediates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation (2006)

Members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily function as key transcriptional regulators of inflammation and proliferation in cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the ligand-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and liver X receptors, this family of transcription factors includes a large number of orphan receptors, and their role in vascular diseases remains to be investigated. The neuron-derived orphan receptor-1 (NOR1) belongs to the ligand-independent NR4A subfamily, which has been implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate NOR1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) of human atherosclerotic lesions. In response to mitogenic stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), SMC rapidly express NOR1 through an ERK-MAPK-dependent signaling pathway. 5'-deletion analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and transactivation experiments demonstrate that PDGF-induced NOR1 expression is mediated through a cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB)-dependent transactivation of the NOR1 promoter. Consequently, short interfering RNA-mediated depletion of CREB abolished PDGF-induced NOR1 expression in SMC. Furthermore, PDGF induced Ser-133 phosphorylation of CREB and subsequent binding to the CRE sites of the endogenous NOR1 promoter. Functional analysis demonstrated that PDGF induces NOR1 transactivation of its consensus NGFI-B-response elements (NBRE) in SMC. We finally demonstrate that SMC isolated from NOR1-deficient mice exhibit decreased cell proliferation and characterize cyclin D1 and D2 as NOR1 target genes in SMC. These experiments indicate that PDGF-induced NOR1 transcription in SMC is mediated through CREB-dependent transactivation of the NOR1 promoter and further demonstrate that NOR1 functions as a key transcriptional regulator of SMC proliferation.
[Plateau iris configuration as a risk factor for malignant glaucoma]. (1997)

To provide evidence for diagnosing malignant glaucoma, as well as to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanism of the disease, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a useful tool. We examined the anterior segments of three patients with post-operative malignant glaucoma with UBM regarding the state before operation, the state of the opposite eye, and the state after the release of the cilio-lenticular block. Case 1 was a 76-year-old female who was diagnosed as having chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) and was treated by trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification, aspiration (PEA), and simultaneous intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Case 2 was a 22-year-old male diagnosed as having CACG secondary to plateau iris syndrome and was treated by trabeculectomy. Case 3 was a 73-year-old female diagnosed as having normal-tension glaucoma with narrow angle and was treated by PEA and IOL implantation. Slit-like anterior chamber angle and anteriorly positioned ciliary body were observed in all 3 cases, which were identical to those Pavlin reported in 8 cases with plateau iris syndrome. UBM seems to be an important pre-operative examination to evaluate the risk of malignant glaucoma and to consider which surgical procedure and post-operative management is proper. The pre-operative configuration of the ciliary body may be associated with the onset of malignant glaucoma in some patients with CACG or narrow angle.
Androgen receptor dampens tissue factor expression via nuclear factor‐κB and early growth response protein 1 (2018)

Background Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in men. Advanced prostate cancer is usually treated by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which is aimed at reducing circulating testosterone levels to reduce cancer growth. There is growing evidence that ADT can increase the rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in prostate cancer patients. The tissue factor (TF) gene is one of the most important mediators of coagulation and VTE, but, so far, there are limited data on androgen receptor (AR)-mediated TF gene expression. Objectives To characterize AR-mediated TF regulation in vitro and in vivo. Methods We used the androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and MyC-CaP to test whether TF expression is regulated by AR. Furthermore, we cloned the TF gene promoter into a luciferase reporter vector to identify the transcription factor-binding sites that mediate TF regulation downstream of AR. Finally, we used castration experiments in mice to characterize AR-mediated TF regulation in vivo. Results TF is directly regulated by AR. In LNCaP cells, nuclear factor-κB signaling and EGR1 mediate TF expression. By using castration experiments in mice, we could detect upregulation of TF and early growth response protein 1 mRNA and protein expression in prostate epithelial cells. Conclusion AR is crucial for dampening TF expression, which could be important for increased TF expression and TF-positive microvesicle release in androgen-deprived prostate cancer patients.
MiR-146a-5p inhibits cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in NSCLC cell lines by targeting CCND1 and CCND2 (2016)

Previous studies have indicated that miR-146a-5p acts as an oncogene in several types of cancer, yet a tumor suppressor gene in others. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one report showed that it was downregulated and played the role of tumor suppressor. However, another study showed that miR-146a-5p was overexpressed in the serum of NSCLC patients compared to healthy controls. Therefore, it is obvious that further study of the function of miR-146a-5p in NSCLC is necessary to fully understand its importance. Herein, we have verified that miR- 146a- 5p acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. Our data revealed that the expression level of miR-146a-5p was significantly decreased in several human NSCLC cell lines, and also less abundant in human NSCLC tissues, when compared with controls. Moreover, we observed that miR-146a-5p could suppress cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results also showed that miR-146a-5p directly targeted the 3'-UTR of CCND1 and CCND2 mRNAs as well as decreased their expression at both mRNA and protein levels, causing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated downregulation of CCND1 or CCND2 yielded the same effects on proliferation and cell cycle arrest as miR-146a-5p upregulation did in the NSCLC cell lines. We confirmed that the expression of miR-146a-5p had negative relationship with CCND1 or CCND2. Besides, we also found that miR-146a-5p could inhibit tumor growth in xengroft mouse models, and CCND1 and CCND2 were downregulated in miR-146a-5p overexpressed xengroft tumor tissues. In summary, our results demonstrated that miR-146a-5p could suppress the proliferation and cell cycle progression in NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of CCND1 and CCND2.
Fe-Mn-Si/6.5wt%Si-Fe Bilayer Ribbons produced by Using Melt Spinning Technique (2012)

Recently, progress of the intelligent materials plays a big role in development of science and technology. We have ever tried to develop ferromagnetic shape memory alloys to expand application range of the common non-magnetic shape memory alloys, which are typical intelligent material. However the saturation magnetization and the shape memory effect were in a relation of trade-off, so we couldn’t get a good result. In this research, we tried to develop ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys as a composite material by using the single-roll melt spinning technique. They are bilayer ribbons, which have both shape memory layer and magnetic layer.
SLIC: Statistical learning in chip (2014)

Despite best efforts, integrated systems are “born” (manufactured) with a unique `personality' that stems from our inability to precisely fabricate their underlying circuits, and create software a priori for controlling the resulting uncertainty. It is possible to use sophisticated test methods to identify the best-performing systems but this would result in unacceptable yields and correspondingly high costs. The system personality is further shaped by its environment (e.g., temperature, noise and supply voltage) and usage (i.e., the frequency and type of applications executed), and since both can fluctuate over time, so can the system's personality. Systems also “grow old” and degrade due to various wear-out mechanisms (e.g., negative-bias temperature instability), and unexpectedly due to various early-life failure sources. These “nature and nurture” influences make it extremely difficult to design a system that will operate optimally for all possible personalities. To address this challenge, we propose to develop statistical learning in-chip (SLIC). SLIC is a holistic approach to integrated system design based on continuously learning key personality traits on-line, for self-evolving a system to a state that optimizes performance hierarchically across the circuit, platform, and application levels. SLIC will not only optimize integrated-system performance but also reduce costs through yield enhancement since systems that would have before been deemed to have weak personalities (unreliable, faulty, etc.) can now be recovered through the use of SLIC.
Effects of deposition rate and thickness on the properties of YBCO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (2004)

YBCO films with various thicknesses from 100 nm to 1.6 µm were deposited on single crystal SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The effects of thickness and deposition rate—by means of controlling the pulsed laser frequency—on the critical current density (Jc) were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the orientation, crystallization and surface quality. The amount of a-axis YBCO component evaluated from the ratio of XRD chi-scan intensities of the a-axis and c-axis for the YBCO (102) plane increased as the YBCO film became thicker. SEM was used to analyse the surface of YBCO film, and it was shown that the surface of YBCO film became rougher with increasing thickness. There were many large singular outgrowths and networks of outgrowths on the surface of the YBCO films with thickness greater than 0.4 µm. The increased amount of a-axis YBCO component and the coarse microstructure of the thick YBCO film caused degradation of Jc with increasing thickness.
Nanoendoscopy-AFM for Visualizing Intracellular Nanostructures of Living Cells (2023)

Journal Article Nanoendoscopy-AFM for Visualizing Intracellular Nanostructures of Living Cells Get access Keisuke Miyazawa, Keisuke Miyazawa Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Corresponding author: k.miyazawa@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Marcos Penedo, Marcos Penedo EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hirotoshi Furusho, Hirotoshi Furusho Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takehiko Ichikawa, Takehiko Ichikawa Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mohammad Shahidul Alam, Mohammad Shahidul Alam Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazuki Miyata, Kazuki Miyata Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Chikashi Nakamura, Chikashi Nakamura AIST, Tsukuba, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takeshi Fukuma Takeshi Fukuma Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Kanazawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 29, Issue Supplement_1, 1 August 2023, Page 782, https://doi.org/10.1093/micmic/ozad067.387 Published: 22 July 2023
Contextual insights (2014)

In today's productivity environment, users are constantly researching topics while consuming or authoring content in applications such as e-readers, word processors, presentation programs, or social networks. However, none of these applications sufficiently enable users to do their research directly within the application. In fact, users typically have to switch to a browser and write a query on a search engine. Switching to a search engine is distracting and hurts productivity. Furthermore, the main problem is that the search engine is not aware of important user context such as the book that they are reading or the document they are authoring. To tackle this problem, we introduce the notion of contextual insights: providing users with information that is contextually relevant to the content that they are consuming or authoring. We then present Leibniz, a system that provides a solution for the contextual insights problem.
Iron bonds to curb hardmetal's more lethal tendencies (2007)

A new series of hardmetal powders incorporating iron as an alloyed constituent claims to cut the risk to human health of using cobalt-tungsten carbide cutting materials. Some of the background research was revealed at EuroPM2007 in Toulouse…
Buffer management in wireless full-duplex systems (2015)

Wireless full-duplex radios can simultaneously transmit and receive using the same frequency. In theory, this can double the throughput. In fact, there is only little work addressing aspects other than throughput gains in full-duplex systems. Over-buffering in today's networks or the so-called “bufferbloat” phenomenon creates excessive end-to-end delays resulting in network performance degradation. Our analysis shows that full-duplex systems may suffer from high latency caused by bloated buffers. In this paper, we address the problem of buffer management in full-duplex networks by using Wireless Queue Management (WQM), which is an active queue management technique for wireless networks. Our solution is based on Relay Full-Duplex MAC (RFD-MAC), an asynchronous media access control protocol designed for relay full-duplexing. We compare the performance of WQM in full-duplex environment to Drop Tail mechanism over various scenarios. Our solution reduces the end-to-end delay by two orders of magnitude while achieving similar throughput in most of the cases.
Observations on the Application of the Correlation Dimension and Correlation Integral to the Prediction of Seizures (2001)

The authors reexamine the correlation integral and the related correlation dimension in the context of EEG analysis with application to seizure prediction. They identify dependencies of the correlation integral and the correlation dimension on frequency and amplitude of the signal, which may result in a reinterpretation of the dynamic importance of these measures and may cast doubts on their predictive abilities for certain classes of seizures. The relevance, for clinical and research purposes, of the distinction between retrospective and prospective inference (prediction) is addressed briefly. The authors point to the need for further research, consisting of long time series, containing multiple seizures, and for the development of objective prediction criteria.
Fluid capacity for energy saving management in multi-layer ultra-dense 4G/5G cellular networks (2016)

There is a major demand for reducing energy consumption in mobile networks and it is expected become even more vital in the future (5G) multi-layer Ultra Dense Networks (UDNs), in which the number and density of cells in the different layers will grow dramatically. In these networks, multiple geographically overlapping layers are deployed to increase the capacity and throughput, but also increasing the energy consumption. In this paper we present an end-to-end solution that manages energy saving mechanisms in order to scale the provided capacity to the traffic. Assuming a Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) deployment, the solution dynamically selects cells to activate and/or deactivate considering the prevailing network load and the expected spectral efficiency of those cells. Evaluation in a small HetNet scenario showed that the proposed solution is able to reduce the energy consumption by more than 30%.
On the Mechanism of the Asymmetric Aldol Addition of Chiral N‐Amino Cyclic Carbamate Hydrazones: Evidence of Non‐Curtin–Hammett Behavior (2019)

he mechanistic details of the aldol addition of N-amino cyclic carbamate (ACC) hydrazones is provided herein from both an experimental and computational perspective. When the transformation is carried out at room temperature the anti-aldol product is formed exclusively. Under these conditions the anti- and syn-aldolate intermediates are in equilibrium and the transformation is under thermodynamic control. The anti-aldolate that leads to the anti-aldol product was calculated to be 3.7 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> lower in energy at room temperature than that leading to the syn-aldol product, which sufficiently accounts for the exclusive formation of the anti-aldol product. When the reaction is conducted at -78 °C it is under kinetic control and favors formation of the syn-aldol addition product. In this case, it was found that a solvent separated aza-enolate anion and aldehyde form a σ-intermediate in which the lithium cation is coordinated to the aldehyde. The σ-intermediate collapses with a very small activation barrier to form the β-alkoxy hydrazone intermediate. The chiral nonracemic lithium aza-enolate discriminates between the two diastereotopic faces of the pro-chiral aldehyde, and there is no rapid direct pathway that interconverts the two diastereomeric intermediates. Consequently, the reaction does not follow the Curtin-Hammett principle and the stereochemical outcome at low temperature instead depends on the relative energies of the two σ-intermediates.