gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disturbances of kinaesthesia in patients with cerebellar disorders (1994)

We studied the ability of patients with cerebellar degeneration to perceive differences in kinaesthetic stimuli and compared it with that of normal subjects. All participants were tested for duration, amplitude and velocity sensation. In separate experiments, the responses of muscle spindle afferents and slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors to the kinaesthetic stimuli were recorded. The performance of patients with cerebellar degeneration was significantly worse than that of normal subjects on the tasks testing for duration and velocity perception. Although both spindle afferents and slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors were able to provide relevant sensory information during the kinaesthetic tasks, spindle afferents were superior in detecting velocity changes. These results suggest that the cerebellum may be involved in processing sensory signals that are involved in motor control as well as in conscious perception.
Discovering multiple resource holders in query-incentive networks (2011)

In this paper, we study the problem of discovering multiple resource holders and how to evaluate a node's satisfaction in query incentive networks. Utilizing an acyclic tree, we show that query propagation has a nature of exponential start, polynomial growth, and eventually becoming a constant. We model the query propagation as an extensive game, obtain nodes' greedy behaviors from Nash equilibrium analysis, and show the impairment of greedy behaviors via a repeated Prisoner's Dilemma. We demonstrate that cooperation enforcement is required to achieve the optimal state of resource discovery.
Norrin attenuates protease-mediated death of transformed retinal ganglion cells. (2009)

Our results suggest that norrin attenuates tPA- and uPA-mediated death of RGC-5 cells by activating Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and by regulating phosphorylation of LRP-1.
Dimensionality-reduction frameworks for computationally expensive problems (2010)

Real-world design optimization problems are typically computationally-expensive and to address this various model-assisted evolutionary frameworks have been proposed. However, often such problems are also high-dimensional and in such settings models tend to have poor accuracy and thus degrade the optimization search. To address this we propose two complementary dimensionality-reduction frameworks for evolutionary model-assisted optimization: one uses variable-selection to identify an important subset of the original variables while the other uses topological mapping to project the high-dimensional data to a lower-dimension. Performance analysis with both mathematical test functions and a problem of airfoil shape optimization evaluates the efficacy of the frameworks.
Recent Developments in Home Equity Lending (1998)

The equity that has accumulated in homes is one of the largest components of U.S. household wealth. In recent years, many homeowners have borrowed large amounts against that equity, frequently to finance new consumption expenditures or pay down outstanding consumer debt. In view of the growing importance of home equity credit in household finances, the Federal Reserve has for a number of years participated in nationwide surveys of the use of home equity loans. This article presents findings from a 1997 survey and from other sources of information on home equity lending.
Random electron paramagnetic resonance sampling of the modulated structure in incommensurate phases of betaine calcium chloride dihydrate (1989)

The successive phase transitions in betaine calcium chloride dihydrate crystals were investigated in the range between 300 and 100 K with VO2+ and Mn2+ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) probes substituted for Ca2+ ions in the lattice. Preceded by B2u soft phonons in the normal phase, these transitions are continuous, and found to consist of stepwise changes of a collective librational fluctuation of the Ca–betaine complexes. Below the normal-to-incommensurate transition at 164 K, the fluctuation became slower than the EPR frequencies so that the spectra exhibited anomalous line shapes resulting from random sampling of the modulated structure. In addition, such anomalies as observed at 9.2 and 36 GHz indicated clear evidence for time-dependent lattice modulation in these phases. Sampling results by VO2+ and Mn2+ probes yielded complementary information about the modulated structure, which were interpreted by the plane-wave approximation of the anharmonic librational mode.
Isolation and characterization of new bacteriophages active against Clostridium tyrobutyricum and their role in preventing the late blowing defect of cheese (2022)

Lytic bacteriophages (phages) offer a great potential as biocontrol agents for spoilage Clostridium tyrobutyricum, responsible for butyric acid fermentation in semi-hard and hard ripened cheeses, resulting in late gas blowing defect. With this aim, we have isolated, identified and characterized new lytic phages of C. tyrobutyricum, and have evaluated their efficacy to control cheese late blowing by adding them to manufacture milk. Silage, soil, milk and cheese from dairy farms were screened for anti-clostridial phages, obtaining 96 isolates active against C. tyrobutyricum. According to host range, source and plaque morphology, we obtained 20 phage profiles, 8 of them (represented by phages FA3, FA21, FA29, FA52, FA58, FA67, FA70 and FA88) showing a wider host range and high quality lysis, which were further characterized. Selected isolates showed a non-contractile tail, belonging to the Siphoviridae family, and were grouped into 3 restriction profiles. Viable phages were detected after storage in sodium-magnesium buffer (SM buffer), skim milk and acidified skim milk (pH 5) for 7 d at 4 °C, 12 °C and 37 °C, although a decline in infectivity was observed in some cases. Good phage survival was also detected during semi-hard cheese manufacture and ripening (60 d), and cheese lactococci counts, pH, dry matter values, and volatile compounds were not affected by phage addition. In semi-hard cheese, phage FA67 impaired the early germination of C. tyrobutyricum spores and caused a significant decrease in clostridial vegetative cells counts at 14 d of ripening, delaying by 2 weeks the consumption of lactic acid, formation of butyric acid and appearance of late blowing symptoms, compared to the spoilt control cheese without the phage. This is the first report on the application of phage to control C. tyrobutyricum in cheese.
Analyse des pertes d'un flyback en mode de conduction discontinue pour la récupération d'énergie de piles microbiennes (2016)

National audience
Event-based Visual Gesture Recognition with Background Suppression running on a smart-phone (2019)

Gesture recognition is an area of research that is expanding as it would allow facilitated interaction with modern handheld devices for the naive user. Currently, smart-phones and tablets are not commonly used by some groups such as the visually-impaired and the elderly, because they require fine motor control and a good visual accuracy. Gesture recognition plays a key role in having these user categories to interact with IT devices.
Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on ischemia-reperfusion injury in a porcine total hepatic vascular exclusion model (2007)

Our results show that ANP has a protective role in I/R injury with p38 MAPK activation in a porcine THVE model.
1006 Completion of Small Gas-fired Absorption Air Conditioner for Residentaial Use (2000)

Electric heat pumps have been utilized as main residential air conditioners, especially in Japan. They cause a surge in electric power demand during summer and winter. Moreover, the use of HCFCs and HFCs causes serious problems to the global environment ; global warming and ozone sphere destruction. Then we decided it was a top priority task to develop a compact absorption air conditioner for residential use operated by natural gas and without using HCFCs and HFCs. In commercial use, gas-fired absorption air conditioners have a great share. But small ones are very few. The goal was to accomplish the 5 kW (cooling capacity) LiBr/H2O absorption air conditioner within the size of 795H-785W-350D(mm). We had made a lot of breakthroughs with various components, control methods, and materials. We finished the field trials of prototypes successfully and made sure of high performance, reliability, and maintainability. As a result we started to mass-production and released the air-conditioner, "Eco-Life Multi" on June 20th, 1997. Up to Autumn, 1999, over 900 outdoor units of "Eco-Life Multi" had been sold and installed successfully.
New insight into the effect of mass transfer on the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles (2018)

Silver and gold nanoparticles were prepared using constant reactant concentrations and temperatures, but different process conditions to alter the mass transfer during synthesis.
An Approach For Congestion Control In Infiniband (2002)

Infiniband switches cannot drop packets to deal with congestion. As a result, switch buffers can fill up, block upstream switches and even choke flows that are not contending for the congested link. The Infiniband standards body is exploring mechanisms to control congestion. This report describes the key elements of a congestion control approach that we have advocated. Our approach combines a low level mechanism that reacts quickly to short term demand variations with a centralized mechanism that deals with long term congestion and non-compliant devices. A simple switch-based mechanism detects flows that are causing congestion or are propagating the congestion. Switches mark the packet headers of these flows to inform the destination device of the congestion which in turn notifies the source device. In response, source devices adjust their packet injection based on a novel hybrid mechanism that combines the advantages of rate and window control. Adjustment policies are designed to enable high throughput while preventing starvation.
Data from Cell-free DNA Predicts Prolonged Response to Multi-agent Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The treatment of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently characterized by significant toxicity and rapid development of resistance to current approved therapies. More reliable biomarkers of response are needed to guide clinical decision making.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We evaluated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using a tumor-agnostic platform and traditional biomarkers (CEA and CA19-9) levels in 12 patients treated at Johns Hopkins University on NCT02324543 “Study of Gemcitabine/Nab-Paclitaxel/Xeloda (GAX) in Combination With Cisplatin and Irinotecan in Subjects With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer.” The pretreatment values, levels after 2 months of treatment, and change in biomarker levels with treatment were compared with clinical outcomes to determine their predictive value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The variant allele frequency (VAF) of &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;TP53&lt;/i&gt; mutations in cfDNA after 2 months of treatment was predictive of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In particular, patients with a lower-than-average &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; VAF after 2 months of treatment had a substantially longer PFS than patients with higher posttreatment &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; VAF (20.96 vs. 4.39 months). Changes in CEA and CA19-9 after 2 months of treatment were also good predictors of PFS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comparison via concordance index demonstrated &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;TP53&lt;/i&gt; VAF after 2 months of treatment to be better predictors of PFS and OS than CA19-9 or CEA. This pilot study requires validation but suggests cfDNA measurement is a useful adjunct to traditional protein biomarkers and imaging evaluation and could distinguish between patients who are likely to achieve prolonged responses versus those that will have early progression and may benefit from a change in treatment approach.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;We report on the association of cfDNA with response durability for patients undergoing treatment with a novel metronomic chemotherapy regimen (gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, cisplatin, irinotecan; GAX-CI) for metastatic PDAC. This investigation offers encouraging evidence that cfDNA may prove to be a valuable diagnostic tool to guide clinical management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enhancement of simulation-based semiconductor manufacturing forecast quality through hybrid tool down time modeling (2014)

Material flow forecast based on Short-Term Simulation has been established as a decision support solution for fine-tuning of Preventive Maintenance (PM) timing at Infineon Dresden. To ensure stable forecast quality for effective PM decision making, the typical tool uptime behavior needs to be portrayed accurately. In this paper, we present a hybrid tool down modeling approach that selectively combines deterministic and random down time modeling based on historical tool uptime behavior. The method allowed to approximate the daily uptime of reality in simulation. A generic framework to model historical down behavior of any distribution type, described by the two parameters Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) and Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) is also discussed.
Active transport of calcium by intestine: action and bio-assay of vitamin D (1961)

Vitamin D is required for the active transport of calcium in vitro. Small doses of vitamins D 2 and D 3 restore the mechanism in depleted rats, and this provides a sensitive bio-assay for the vitamin, independent of an antirachitic effect. Vitamin D influences calcium transfer in all segments of the small intestine, and maximal increments are observed in the duodenum. The effect of vitamin D requires oxidative metabolism in vitro, is maximal where active transport is maximal, and the sterol increases the maximal rates of active transport of calcium. Consequently, vitamin D influences calcium transport by affecting primarily the active mechanism rather than by simple diffusion. Experiments with various monosaccharides demonstrate that two distinct steps are involved in the active transport mechanism in duodenum. Vitamin D is required for both of the steps.
Temperature dependence of the hydrophobic interaction in protein folding. (1986)

Accurate calorimetric data for the thermodynamics of transfer of six liquid hydrocarbons to water have been combined with solubility data to provide a model for the temperature dependence of the hydrophobic interaction in protein folding. The model applies at temperatures for which the change in heat capacity (delta Cp) is constant. The extrapolated value of the temperature (Ts) at which the entropy of transfer (delta S degrees) reaches zero is strikingly similar (Ts = 112.8 degrees C +/- 2.2 degrees C) for the six hydrocarbons. This finding provides an interpretation for the empirical relation discovered by Sturtevant: the ratio delta S degrees/delta Cp measured at 25 degrees C is constant for the transfer of nonpolar substances from nonaqueous media to water. Constancy of this ratio is equivalent to Ts = constant. When applied to protein folding, the hydrocarbon model gives estimates of the contributions of the hydrophobic interaction to the entropy and enthalpy changes on unfolding and, by difference, estimates of the residual contributions from other sources. The major share of the large enthalpy change observed on unfolding at high temperatures comes from the hydrophobic interaction. The hydrophobic interaction changes from being entropy-driven at 22 degrees C to being enthalpy-driven at 113 degrees C. Finally, the hydrocarbon model predicts that plots of the specific entropy change on unfolding versus temperature should nearly intersect close to 113 degrees C, as observed by Privalov.
A wish-list for modeling immunological synapses (2018)

The immunological synapse concept has been useful in the study of a number of disease states and therapeutic modalities. Two of these are autoimmunity and cancer immunotherapy. The excitement in cancer immunology is largely driven by biologics that target and modulate the immunological synapse between T cells and cancer cells or lead to formation of synthetic synapses based on T cell engineering. Different model systems have been utilized to study the formation of immunological synapses and kinapses. In vivo microscopy studies dramatically changed the models for how immune cells searched for their targets. Coupling cell surface signaling with signals conveyed through extracellular vesicles and cytokines will lead to integration of these inputs in transcriptional networks. Supported lipid bilayers (SLB) are a complex substrate system and are somewhat cumbersome for high throughput analysis, but there is no doubt that robotics will be able to increase the throughput of these systems beyond the current practice.
Copper(I) complexes: synthesis and crystal structure of tetrapyridine copper(I) perchlorate (C5H5N)4CuClO4 (1971)

A. H. Lewin, R. J. Michl, P. Ganis, U. Lepore and G. Avitabile, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1971, 1400b DOI: 10.1039/C2971001400B
Modeling the magnetization kinetics of ferromagnetic particles by the Monte Carlo method (2012)

The Monte Carlo method, which is a powerful tool for finding equilibrium states (and/or their corresponding characteristics) in systems of a different nature in many cases allows one to also describe the course of kinetic processes. This work presents the Monte Carlo modeling of magnetic relaxation and dynamics of induced magnetization of an ensemble of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. It is shown by comparison with the exact solution that in both problems there is a proportionality between the number of calculation steps and the physical duration of the transition or periodic process. On this basis, relationships are proposed making it possible to estimate the time interval corresponding to a single Monte Carlo step. For the process of magnetic relaxation the obtained result is a generalization of the well-known Nowak-Chantrell-Kennedy formula for the case of particles with finite magnetic anisotropy.
DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in Patients With Cancer: Potential Prognostic and Therapeutic Targets (2006)

Epigenetics, a combination of DNA modifications, chromatin organization, and variations in its associated proteins, configure a new entity that regulates gene expression throughout methylation, acetylation, and chromatin remodeling. In addition to silencing as a result of mutations, loss of heterozygosity, or classical genetic events epigenetic modification symbolizes essential early events during carcinogenesis and tumor development. The reversion of these epigenetic processes restoring normal expression of tumor-suppressor genes has consequently become a new therapeutic target in cancer treatment. Aberrant patterns of epigenetic modifications will be, in a near future, crucial parameters in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Characteristics of African Americans (AAs) treated with sipuleucel-T (sip-T): Comparison of clinical trial and real-world experience. (2015)

272 Background: AA men are underrepresented in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for prostate cancer, despite an almost 2-fold greater incidence in AA vs Caucasian populations. Sip-T is an autologous cellular immunotherapy approved by the FDA and EMA for the treatment of certain patients (pts) with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. AA enrollment in three sip-T phase 3 RCTs was 5.8% (n=43). While no definitive conclusions were drawn, median overall survival (OS) suggested AAs benefit from sip-T. PROCEED, an ongoing phase 4 registry, expanded efforts to increase AA enrollment to better characterize this population and the safety, product parameters (PP), and OS of AAs treated with sip-T. Methods: PROCEED enrolled 1973 pts treated with commercial sip-T within 6 months of registration. Efforts, such as selecting racially diverse sites and highlighting AA enrollment in PROCEED communications and investigator meetings, were used to boost AA enrollment. Baseline Gleason score, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were compared between RCTs and PROCEED. Safety and survival analyses are ongoing. Results: PROCEED AA enrollment was 11.7% vs 7.1% US RCT nonwhite enrollment rate and approaches the US AA population of 13.7%. Baseline AA pt characteristics were: lower median PSA and ALP levels in PROCEED vs RCTs, higher ECOG &gt;0 in PROCEED vs RCTs, and higher Gleason score ≥8 in PROCEED vs RCTs (Table). Conclusions: Efforts to boost AA enrollment in PROCEED to a proportion comparable to the US AA population succeeded. The lower baseline PSA of AAs in PROCEED is similar to the PSA observed in the entire PROCEED population. Safety, PP, and OS will be reported with longer follow-up. Clinical trial information: NCT01306890. [Table: see text]
The Role of Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in the Regulation of Male Reproductive Function (1992)

Animal experiments and clinical studies on the interactions between growth hormone (GH) and the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis have predominantly concentrated on GH and sex steroid interactions in the regulation of growth and development, or on the metabolic effects of GH. In contrast, little attention has been paid to the possible effects of GH on spermatogenesis, although the first report dealing with this topic was published almost 30 years ago. The interactions of GH and its main mediator, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and their role in spermatogenesis have recently been investigated using in vitro systems and different animal models (mice and rats). Using Leydig and Sertoli cell cultures, complex interactions between GH/IGF-I and the gonadotropins affecting differentiated cell functions, e.g. steroidogenesis and cell division, have been demonstrated at the cellular level. In vivo studies using immature and mature hypophysectomized rats and GH-deficient mutant male mice and rats indicate that IGF-I can play an important role in the regulation of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Furthermore, although follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone are the major regulators of testicular IGF-I production, GH may play an indirect role by potentiating the actions of the gonadotropins in regulating testicular IGF-I content. A large proportion of men presenting at male-infertility clinics are diagnosed as having idiopathic infertility. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether defects associated with GH and/or IGF-I effects in the testis are the cause of male infertility in a small group of these patients.
Spontaneous wrinkle emergence in nascent eumelanin thin films (2019)

Self-patterning processes originated by physical stimuli have been extensively documented in thin films, whereas spontaneous wrinkling phenomena due to chemical transformation processes are, to the best of our knowledge, unprecedented. Herein we report a case of spontaneous polymerization-driven surface nano-patterning (∼500 nm) that develops in smooth thin solid films of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI), a major precursor of eumelanin polymers, over a time scale of 30 to 60 days in air at room temperature. The phenomenon can be observed only above a critical film thickness of ∼250 nm and it is affected by exposure to ammonia vapors causing acceleration of the oxidation process. The thickness-dependent onset of wrinkling can be attributed to non-homogeneous rates of oxidation through the film causing slow swelling/expansion of the inner layers followed by fast stiffening and cross-linking in the outer layer exposed to higher oxygen levels.