gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Design and Response Surface Methodology Applied to Graphene Oxide Reduction for Adsorption of Triazine Herbicides (2021)

In this work, pristine graphene oxide and its thermally reduced derivatives, rGO, were tested for the removal of triazines (atraton, prometryn, and atrazine) from water. The reduction process was optimized by means of design of experiments (DOE) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM), relying on the adsorption efficiency of the material. The optimal reduction conditions were calculated at a temperature of 110 °C maintained for 24 h; the mildest and simplest reduction protocol was chosen, as it allows in-air heat treatment with a common laboratory oven. The rGO samples were characterized before use, confirming a partial reduction process that, leaving intact most of the oxygenated functionalities on the graphene skeleton, may still allow favorable adsorption of pollutants through both hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions, which result from a large conjugated polyaromatic system. Triazine analyses were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the data obtained from the adsorption isotherms were fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, highlighting a slightly different adsorption behavior of atraton and prometryn compared with atrazine. Model outcomes were also used to support the hypotheses about the adsorption process.
Bimetallic nickel-iridium nanocatalysts for hydrogen generation by decomposition of hydrous hydrazine (2010)

Alloying Ni with Ir leads to the formation of highly active catalysts for complete decomposition of hydrous hydrazine with 100% H(2) selectivity at room temperature. Use of surfactants enhances the activity by suppressing the agglomeration of nanoparticles, but does not affect the bimetallic compositions of the nanoparticles.
Die Bedeutung der Aktivitätsbestimmung des Enzyms Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV (DP IV) im klinischen Laboratorium (1988)

Article Die Bedeutung der Aktivitätsbestimmung des Enzyms Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV (DP IV) im klinischen Laboratorium was published on January 1, 1988 in the journal Journal of Laboratory Medicine (volume 12, issue 4).
Ocular Delivery of Bimatoprost-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Effective Management of Glaucoma (2023)

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by a rise in the intraocular pressure (IOP) leading to optic nerve damage. Bimatoprost is a prostaglandin analogue used to reduce the elevated IOP in patients with glaucoma. The currently available dosage forms for Bimatoprost suffer from relatively low ocular bioavailability. The objective of this study was to fabricate and optimize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing Bimatoprost for ocular administration for the management of glaucoma. Bimatoprost-loaded SLNs were fabricated by solvent evaporation/ultrasonication technique. Glyceryl Monostearate (GMS) was adopted as solid lipid and poloxamer 407 as surfactant. Optimization of SLNs was conducted by central composite design. The optimized formulation was assessed for average particle size, entrapment efficiency (%), zeta potential, surface morphology, drug release study, sterility test, isotonicity test, Hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) test and histopathology studies. The optimized Bimatoprost-loaded SLNs formulation had an average size of 183.3 ± 13.3 nm, zeta potential of -9.96 ± 1.2 mV, and encapsulation efficiency percentage of 71.8 ± 1.1%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study revealed the nearly smooth surface of formulated particles with a nano-scale size range. In addition, SLNs significantly sustained Bimatoprost release for up to 12 h, compared to free drug (<i>p</i> < 005). Most importantly, HET-CAM test nullified the irritancy of the formulation was verified its tolerability upon ocular use, as manifested by a significant reduction in mean irritation score, compared to positive control (1% sodium dodecyl sulfate; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Histopathology study inferred the absence of any signs of cornea tissue damage upon treatment with Bimatoprost optimized formulation. Collectively, it was concluded that SLNs might represent a viable vehicle for enhancing the corneal permeation and ocular bioavailability of Bimatoprost for the management of glaucoma.
On transition temperatures in the plasticity and fracture of semiconductors (2001)

Abstract Recent experiments on deformation of semiconductors show an abrupt change in the variation in the critical resolved shear stress τY with temperature T. This implies a change in the deformation mechanism at a critical temperature T c. In the cases examined so far in our laboratories (Case Western Reserve University and Poitiers) and elsewhere, this critical temperature appears to coincide approximately with the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature T BDT. In this paper, new deformation experiments performed on the wide-bandgap semiconductor 4H-SiC over a range of temperatures at two strain rates are described together with a transmission electron microscopy characterization of induced dislocations below and above T c. Based on these, and results recently reported on a few III–V compound semiconductors, a new model for the deformation of tetrahedrally coordinated materials at low and high temperatures is proposed, and the relation of the transition in deformation mode to the transition in fracture mode (brittle to ductile) is discussed.
Odd-paired is a late-acting pioneer factor coordinating with Zelda to broadly regulate gene expression in early embryos (2019)

ABSTRACT Pioneer factors such as Zelda help initiate zygotic transcription in Drosophila early embryos, but whether other factors support this dynamic process is unclear. Odd-paired (Opa), a zinc-finger transcription factor expressed at cellularization, controls transition of genes from pair-rule to segmental patterns along the anterior-posterior axis. Finding that Opa also regulates late expression through enhancer sog_Distal, along the dorso-ventral axis, we hypothesized that Opa acts as a general timing factor. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) confirmed Opa in vivo binding to sog_Distal but also identified widespread binding throughout the genome, comparable to Zelda. Furthermore, chromatin assays (ATAC-seq) demonstrate that Opa, like Zelda, influences chromatin accessibility genome-wide, suggesting both are pioneer factors with common as well as distinct targets. Lastly, embryos lacking opa exhibit widespread, late patterning defects spanning both axes. Collectively, these data suggest Opa, a general timing factor and likely a late-acting pioneer factor, heralds in a secondary wave of zygotic gene expression.
Proposed Methodology for Optimizing Grooving Operations of Ferrous Sintered Material (2006)

Nowadays, powder metallurgy technology is increasingly used for the production of components with complex prismatic geometries. On account of the sintering process, machining operations have to be used for obtaining the final workpiece. Cutting operations are the limitation processes for sintered product owing to the weak machinability of sintered materials. Design has to consider such limitations early in the product development for reducing cost and enabling powder technology to compete with other technologies. This goal can be achieved only if cutting operations are well optimized through a unified methodology. In this paper, ‘couple workpiece-tool’ (CWT) methodology is used to optimize the machining of sintered steels. The study case used in this paper consists in determining optimal cutting conditions for an external grooving operation on sintered tooth sprockets on the basis of results obtained with continuous grooving operations. The influence of cutting parameters on machined surface and quality indices of the process, such as burr height, tool wear, and surface integrity, is studied. Results, based on experiments, are used to propose recommendations and new criteria to consider in CWT methodology for intermittent and continuous cutting of sintered steels.
Steroids contents in waters of wastewater purification plants: determination with partial-filling micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography and UV detection (2016)

Partial-filling micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (PF-MEKC) with UV detection was applied for determination of human-based steroids in water samples of Finnish wastewater treatment plants. The samples were purified with solid-phase extraction (SPE) on octadecyl substituted polymer sorbents obtaining analyte enrichment of 20,000-fold. The steroids studied were androgens, estrogens, and progesterone. Three of the steroids could be quantified with the PF-MEKC method. The detection and quantification limits were 0.05–1.06 μg/mL and 0.15–3.2 μg/mL, meaning in the SPE concentrates as 2.5–53 pg/L and 7.5–160 pg/L, respectively. In the influent waters, the total amount of testosterone glucuronide, androstenedione, and progesterone was up to 350 ng/L. In effluent water samples the total steroid quantity was maximum at 320 ng/L. Remarkably high quantity of androstenedione was quantified in both influent and effluent water samples. The cleanest effluent waters were produced in Western Finland. Correspondingly, the highest quantities were located near the largest lake and river areas in South-Eastern Finland. The concentration variation in effluent waters was explained with differences in the purification materials and processes at the plants and with steroid adsorption on soil and organic material suspended into water.
Partitioning of PAHs between Crude Oil Microdroplets, Water, and Copepod Biomass in Oil-in-Seawater Dispersions of Different Crude Oils (2018)

The impact of oil microdroplets on the partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) between water and marine zooplankton was evaluated. The experimental approach allowed direct comparison of crude oil dispersions (containing both micro-oil droplets and water-soluble fraction; WSF) with the corresponding WSF (without oil droplets). Dispersion concentration and oil type have an impact on the PAH composition of WSFs and therefore affect dispersion bioavailability. Higher T-PAH body residues were observed in copepods treated with dispersions compared to the corresponding WSFs. PAHs with log K<sub>ow</sub> 3-4.5 displayed comparable accumulation factors between treatments; however, accumulation factors for less soluble PAHs (log K<sub>ow</sub> = 4.5-6) were higher for the WSF than for the dispersions, suggesting low bioavailability for components contained in oil droplets. The higher PAH body residue in dispersion exposures is assumed to result mainly from copepods grazing on oil droplets, which offers an alternative uptake route to passive diffusion. To a large degree this route is controlled by the filtration rates of the copepods, which may be inversely related to droplet concentration.
Barrier-assisted vapor phase CVD of large-area MoS2 monolayers with high spatial homogeneity (2020)

Atomically thin molybdenum disulphide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) is a direct band gap semiconductor with negatively charged trions and stable excitons in striking contrast to the wonder material graphene. While large-area growth of MoS<sub>2</sub> can be readily achieved by gas-phase chemical vapor deposition (CVD), growth of continuous MoS<sub>2</sub> atomic layers with good homogeneity is indeed one of the major challenges in vapor-phase CVD involving all-solid precursors. In this study, we demonstrate the growth of large-area continuous single crystal MoS<sub>2</sub> monolayers on <i>c</i>-plane sapphire by carefully positioning the substrate using a facile staircase-like barrier. The barrier offered great control in mitigating the secondary and intermediate phases as well as second layer nucleation, and eventually a continuous monolayer with high surface homogeneity is realized. Both micro-Raman and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results confirmed the high structural quality of the grown MoS<sub>2</sub> layers. Using low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy, additional pieces of information are provided for the strong band-edge emission in the light of vacancy compensation and formation of Mo-O bonding. The monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> transferred to SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si exhibited a room temperature field-effect mobility of ∼1.2 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> in a back-gated two-terminal configuration.
Enhanced neuronal damage by co‐administration of quinolinic acid and free radicals, and protection by adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (2002)

1. Quinolinic acid may be an important endogenous excitotoxin, but its concentrations in brain are low. We have therefore attempted to determine whether its neurotoxicity can be increased by the simultaneous presence of free radicals. 2. Quinolinic acid was injected into the hippocampus of anaesthetized rats at doses of 40 and 80 nmols which produced little neuronal loss, and 120 nmols which produced over 90% neuronal loss. 3. A mixture of xanthine and xanthine oxidase, a known source of free radical reactive oxygen species, also generated little damage alone, but killed over 80% of CA1 neurons when combined with 80 nmols of quinolinic acid. Similarly, the nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) potentiated the damage produced by quinolinic acid. 4. The glutamate antagonist 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid prevented the damage produced by 120 nmols of quinolinic acid, but not that produced by quinolinic acid plus xanthine/xanthine oxidase, indicating that damage was not simply the result of free radical enhancement of NMDA receptor activation. 5. Three chemically dissimilar antagonists at adenosine A(2A) receptors prevented the damage caused by quinolinic acid and xanthine/xanthine oxidase or by quinolinic acid plus SNAP. 6. It is concluded that reactive oxygen species can potentiate the neurotoxicity of quinolinic acid. The site of interaction is probably distal to the NMDA receptor. Blockade of adenosine A(2A) receptors can protect against this combined damage, suggesting potential value in the prevention of brain damage.
Effect of ectopic expression of NtEXPA5 gene on cell size and growth of organs of transgenic tobacco plants (2013)

We obtained transgenic tobacco plants demonstrating overexpression of NtEXPA5 gene that encodes α-expansin of Nicotiana tabacum. The transgenic plants were characterized by increased size of leaves and stems. However, size of flowers remained almost unchanged. The increase of organ sizes was induced by cell elongation only. Moreover, the number of cell divisions was even decreased. The obtained data suggest tight interaction between cell stretching regulation and cell division, which together provide the basic mechanism aimed at the controlling of plant organ sizes.
Abstract 432: BIN3 is a novel 8p21 tumor suppressor gene that regulates the attachment checkpoint in epithelial cells (2014)

Abstract An important characteristic of multicellular organisms is the control that the tissue architecture exerts on the fate of individual cells. Epithelial cells sense their location through interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and remove themselves by programmed cell death (anoikis) when those interactions are disturbed. Importantly, anoikis is a line of defense that has to be circumvented by cancerous epithelial cells to be able to leave their home environment and establish long distance metastases. Here, by combining a genome-wide RNAi screen and a novel algorithm to study copy number alterations (ISAR-DEL), we identify the Bridging Integrator-3 (BIN3) as a novel 8p21 tumor suppressor gene whose inactivation promotes escape from anoikis in epithelial cancers. Mechanistically, we link the tumor suppression function of BIN3 to its ability to relocate to the cell membrane after cell detachment and to induce a proapoptotic cascade. This death signaling is mediated by CDC42 activation of the P38-α stress pathway and the consequent accumulation of the apoptotic facilitator BimEL. Our results identify BIN3 as a novel epithelial tumor suppressor gene, provide novel insights on the mechanisms of attachment tumor suppressor checkpoint and highlight the importance of anoikis escape in driving cell transformation and metastasis in human cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Netonia Marshall, Felix Sanchez, David Llobet, Ruth Rodriguez Barrueco, Veronica Castro, Dylan Kotlia, Maira Pires, Patricia Villagrasa, Preeti Putcha, Ramon Parsons, Dana Pe'er, Jose Silva. BIN3 is a novel 8p21 tumor suppressor gene that regulates the attachment checkpoint in epithelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 432. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-432
Implantable Hearing Devices (2009)

For the treatment of hearing impairments, various types of hearing devices and surgical methods exist. However, these methods are not adequate for all types of hearing losses and patients' needs. Depending on the design, some of the inherent shortcomings could be reduced by implantable hearing systems. In implantable hearing systems, the output is generated by an implantable transducer, i.e. the equivalent of the loudspeaker of a conventional hearing aid. Two principles of implantable hearing systems which have been evaluated and developed are presented in this book. The first transducers CLT (i.e. contactless transducer) is intended for the rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss and couples to ossicles of the middle ear. It consists of a coil and magnet, both implantable in the middle ear in a minimally invasive manner. The second transducer DACS (i.e. Direct acoustical cochlear stimulation) is intended for the rehabilitation of severe combined perceptive and conductive hearing loss. It couples directly to the inner ear fluid by means of an amplified stapes prosthesis.
Flux-weakening control of surface mounted PM synchronous motors accounting for resistive voltage drop (2008)

This paper deals with the flux-weakening control of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors, taking into account the influence of the resistive voltage drop in the stator windings, an effect which is usually neglected in similar studies. At first, the motor equations exploiting the optimal torque-speed limits in the flux-weakening region are evaluated and discussed. Then, the influence of the resistive voltage drop is pointed out, evidencing the mismatches related to its neglecting in the set-up of the flux-weakening strategy. Hence, a simplified approach to flux-weakening motor control is presented, useful for the practical implementation in micro-controlled drives. Finally, experimental results are shown, using a position-tracking application as a test case.
Predicting resource usage and estimation accuracy in an IP flow measurement collection infrastructure (2003)

This paper describes a measurement infrastructure used to collect detailed IP traffic measurements from an IP backbone. Usage, i.e, bytes transmitted, is determined from raw NetFlow records generated by the backbone routers. The amount of raw data is immense. Two types of data sampling in order to manage data volumes: (i) (packet) sampled NetFlow in the routers; (ii) size-dependent sampling of NetFlow records. Furthermore, dropping of NetFlow records in transmission can be regarded as an uncontrolled form of sampling.We show how to manage the trade-off between estimation accuracy and data volume. Firstly, we describe the sampling error that arises from all three types of sampling when estimating usage per traffic class: how it can be predicted from models and raw data, and how it can be estimated directly from the sampled data itself. Secondly, we show how to determined the usage of resources---bandwidth, computational cycle, storage---within the components of the infrastructure. These two sets of methods allow dimensioning of the measurement infrastructure in order to meet accuracy goals for usage estimation.
Expression of retinoic acid receptor beta in human renal cell carcinomas correlates with sensitivity to the antiproliferative effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid. (1996)

The differentiation and growth suppressive effects of retinoic acid are mediated through retinoic acid nuclear receptors (RARs and RXRs), which are ligand-activated transcription factors. Recent data suggest that both altered and regulated expression of RARs are linked to retinoic acid response in a cell context-dependent manner. This study examined the antiproliferative effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid (cRA) on 12 renal cancer cell lines and correlated these findings with the basal and induced expression of RAR-alpha, -beta and -gamma. Eleven of 12 renal cancers that were either resistant to or only minimally inhibited by cRA did not basally express RAR-beta as determined by Northern blot analysis. In these cells, cRA treatment did not induce RAR-beta expression. In contrast, 1 of 12 cell lines (SK-RC-06) was >90% inhibited by cRA and basally expressed RARbeta. Furthermore, RAR-beta mRNA in SK-RC-06 cells was up-regulated by cRA treatment. Amplification of cDNA using PCR and RAR-beta isoform-specific primer pairs revealed that only SK-RC-06 cells expressed the RAR-beta1 isoform. Expression of RAR-alpha transcripts was abundant in all 12 cell lines examined, whereas low levels of RAR-gamma transcripts were detectable in 6 of 10 renal cancers. Expression of RAR-alpha and RAR-gamma was not affected by cRA. These data showing that the majority of renal cancer cell lines are resistant to cRA suggest that: (a) resistance to the antiproliferative action of cRA correlates with repressed RAR-beta mRNA expression; and (b) the antiproliferative effects of cRA in renal cancer cells are mediated through RAR-beta1.
Democratization of formal verification with collective intelligence (2015)

Summary form only given. Formal verification has become an essential method for design, integration and verification of the emerging design IPs and complex systems-on-chips. Despite the great success in proliferating formal in the industry and making it a great companion to simulation and emulation methods, its full power has not been leveraged yet to address the larger spectrum of applications by non-formal experts. To handle this challenge a major effort is still needed to boost its scalability and usability to cope with the emerging complexity of design under verification. In this talk we discuss a new approach for boosting the productivity of formal verification users using an expert system, which is powered by collective intelligence technology, human-machine interface and self guiding and learning rules. Besides the emerging advancements in model checking and proof strategies, expert system helps to break the formal verification complexity and scalability barriers, and make it affordable for a larger set of users, for yet another major leap in the applications and productivity of formal.
Real-time parametric curved needle segmentation in 3D ultrasound images (2008)

3D Ultrasound-guided needle insertion has recently received much attention in minimally invasive percutaneous procedures such as image guided needle steering. In this paper we present a novel technique for real-time detection of curved needles in three-dimensional ultrasound images. A new parameterization for the generalized Radon transform is introduced and implemented on a graphics processing unit using NVIDIApsilas Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated on reconstructed 3D-US images of a brachytherapy needle carried by a laparoscopic needle holder mounted on a minimally invasive surgical robotic test-bed. Results of experiments for insertion of three different needles into a tissue mimicking gelatin agar cube are presented.