gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro activities of Grape Pruning Stems for Application of Cosmetic Ingredients (2014)

포도는 전 세계적으로 가장 많이 재배되는 과수 중의 하나로 포도 및 포도 가공제품에 대한 성분분석, 항산화, 항암 등 다양한 생물학적 효능 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 겨울처 전정되어 버려지는 전정가지에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 포도전정가지 추출물(GPSE)의 총 폴리페놀함량, 항산화활성, 미백 및 주름개선효과를 검증하였다. 먼저 HPLC분석에는 GPSE는 614.05 ug/g의 trans-resveratrol을 함유하고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. DPPH 라디칼소거능, ABTS 라디칼소거능 등의 항산화 실험을 통해서 대조군으로 사용된 BHA와 L-ascrobic acid에 비교하여 GPSE은 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 미백활성 측정을 위한 tyrosinase 저해활성 실험에서도 GPSE는 15.35%, arbutin은 1.48%로 GPSE의 미백효과가 높게 나타났으며, 주름개선 실험에서는 대조군과 비슷한 효과를 가지고 있는 것을 확인 하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 보아 GPSE는 trans-resveratrol 함량이 높은 천연항산화제로 기능성 화장품 및 식품으로의 가능성을 확인하였다. Grape pruning stems constitute a scarcely investigated class of byproducts with limited reports on their bioactive polyphenol content and/or industrial applications. Herein we present the outcome of our investigation on grape pruning stems extracts, concerning the assessment of their total polyphenolic content and the detailed evaluation of their antioxidant properties. Results obtained indicate that grape pruning stems are particularly rich in flavonoids and trans-resveratrol. The antioxidant activities was analyzed and expressed as electron donating ability, ABTS cation radical decolorization, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, the antioxidant activity of Vitis labrusca L. pruning stems extracted (GPSE) was higher than that of BHA and L-ascrobic acid. The whitening and anti-wrinkle activities display an capability. Results herein grape pruning stems used as a valuable resource for the extraction of resveratrol, which would be added to functional cosmetics and food materials.
On Caching and Routing in Information-Centric Networks (2017)

With the exponential growth of content in recent years, users are primarily interested in obtaining particular content and are not concerned with the host housing the content. By treating content as a first class citizen, information- centric networks (ICN) seek to transform the Internet from a host-to-host communication model to a content-centric model. A key component of ICN is to cache content at storage-enabled routers. By caching content at in-network routers, network performance can be improved by delivering content from routers closer to the user and not from the origin servers (content custodians). In this article, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art cache management and routing policies in ICN. We present a small comparison study of some state-of-the-art algorithms on a real Internet topology to help the reader appreciate how the different strategies compare against one another. Our simulation results demonstrate that it is hard to pick a winner among existing policies. We conclude the article with a discussion of open research questions.
Figure S4 from <i>HER2</i> Copy Number and Resistance Mechanisms in Patients with HER2-positive Advanced Gastric Cancer Receiving Initial Trastuzumab-based Therapy in JACOB Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Forest plot depicting subgroup analyses for the efficacy of trastuzumab plus pertuzumab over trastuzumab plus placebo in terms of PFS (A), OS (B) and ORR (C) according to HER2 CNV (high vs low), HER2 IHC (3+ vs 2+) and AMNESIA status (positive vs negative).&lt;/p&gt;
Tannin-Based Carbon Foams for Electromagnetic Applications (2015)

Broadband dielectric analysis of tannin-based carbon foams produced at nine different densities, ranging from 0.036 to 0.114 g/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , was carried out in wide frequency (20 Hz-35 GHz) and temperature (25-500 K) ranges. Both dielectric constant and electrical conductivity of carbon foams in quasi-static regime, at 129 Hz, were high (more than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> and close to 70 S/m, respectively), and increased with carbon foams density according to power laws. Significant electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) was found at microwave (MW) frequencies for all produced samples. The highest value of electromagnetic attenuation at the level of 20 dB for 2-mm thick sample was observed for the foam having the highest density and the lowest mean cell size. For thicker samples (4 mm and 1 cm), EMI SE reached 39 and 73 dB, respectively. On cooling, dc conductivity decreased with temperature according to Mott's law but foams still remained opaque to the MW radiation. MW performances of carbon foams reported here, along with other valuable properties such as “green” origin, low price, lightness, chemical inertness, thermal stability and high conductivity, open new routes for producing effective EMI shields from tannin-based carbonaceous porous structures.
RiboFlow, RiboR and RiboPy: An ecosystem for analyzing ribosome profiling data at read length resolution (2019)

Abstract Summary Ribosome occupancy measurements enable protein abundance estimation and infer mechanisms of translation. Recent studies have revealed that sequence read lengths in ribosome profiling data are highly variable and carry critical information. Consequently, data analyses require the computation and storage of multiple metrics for a wide range of ribosome footprint lengths. We developed a software ecosystem including a new efficient binary file format named ‘ribo’. Ribo files store all essential data grouped by ribosome footprint lengths. Users can assemble ribo files using our RiboFlow pipeline that processes raw ribosomal profiling sequencing data. RiboFlow is highly portable and customizable across a large number of computational environments with built-in capabilities for parallelization. We also developed interfaces for writing and reading ribo files in the R (RiboR) and Python (RiboPy) environments. Using RiboR and RiboPy, users can efficiently access ribosome profiling quality control metrics, generate essential plots, and carry out analyses. Altogether, these components create a complete software ecosystem for researchers to study translation through ribosome profiling. Availability and Implementation For a quickstart, please see https://ribosomeprofiling.github.io . Source code, installation instructions and links to documentation are available on GitHub: https://github.com/ribosomeprofiling
Biogenesis of Novel Quinone Coenzymes1 (1995)

Recently, two novel quinonoid coenzymes, 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (topa quinone; TPQ) and tryptophan tryptophylquinone (TTQ), were identified in copper-containing amine oxidase and methylamine dehydrogenase, respectively. Unlike the formerly known quinonoid coenzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which is non-covalently bound to several prokaryotic dehydrogenases and produced through its own biosynthetic pathway, each of TPQ and TTQ is bound covalently to the polypeptide chain as an integral amino acid residue and encoded by a codon for a normal (unmodified) amino acid in the gene. Thus, these coenzymes must be generated through post-translational modification of the precursor amino acid; for TPQ, oxidation of a specific tyrosine occurring in the consensus Asn-Tyr-Asp/Glu sequence, and for TTQ, oxidation of a specific tryptophan and cross-linking with another tryptophan separated by 50 residues in the same polypeptide chain. We recently demonstrated that, using the inactive precursor forms of bacterial copper amine oxidases, TPQ is generated through self-processing of the protein with the participation of the bound copper ions. On the other hand, the absence of a prosthetic metal ion in methylamine dehydrogenase as well as its existence in the periplasm renders TTQ biogenesis more complicated, likely requiring an external enzymatic system(s).
Dispersion as Cross-Sectional Correlation (2000)

We introduce the concept of cross-sectional dispersion of stock market returns as an alternative to the time-series approach to estimating the global correlation level of equity markets. Our objective is to derive a simple, instantaneous measure of the general level of global market correlation. Our cross-sectional method of estimating global correlation is dynamic and, using cross-sectional data, gives instantaneous information on the trend of global correlation. The traditional time-series method requires a long period of observations, and overlapping data have to be used to study the change in correlation. Both methods yield similar estimates for a “long” period, however, so a combination of the cross-sectional and time-series approaches should be of practical use to global asset managers.
Selection of phage‐displayed Fab antibodies on the active conformation of Ras yields a high affinity conformation‐specific antibody preventing the binding of c‐Raf kinase to Ras (1999)

The Ras proteins cycle in the cell between an inactive state and an active state. In the active state, Ras signals via the switch I region to effectors like c-Raf kinase, leading to cell growth. Since Ras mutations in cancer are often associated with the presence of permanently active Ras, molecules that prevent downstream signaling may be of interest. Here, we show that by selection on the active conformation of Ras, using a recently described large phage antibody repertoire [de Haard et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 18218-18230], a Fab antibody (Fab H2) was identified that exclusively binds to active Ras, and not to inactive Ras. Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, the interaction was demonstrated to be of high affinity (7.2 nM). In addition, the interaction with Ras is specific, since binding to the homologous Rap1A protein in BIAcore analysis is at least three orders of magnitude lower, and undetectable in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibody fragment prevents the binding of active Ras to the immobilized Ras-binding domain of c-Raf kinase (Raf-RBD) at an IC(50) value of 135 nM. This value compares well to the K(D) of active Ras-binding to immobilized Raf-RBD using SPR, suggesting identical binding sites. Like the IgG Y13-259, which does not demonstrate preferential binding to either inactive or active Ras, Fab H2 inhibits intrinsic GTPase activity of Ras in vitro. Mapping studies using SPR analysis demonstrate that the binding sites for the antibodies are non-identical. This antibody could be used for dissecting functional differences between Ras effectors. Due to its specificity for active Ras, Fab H2 may well be more selective than previously used anti-Ras antibodies, and thus could be used for gene therapy of cancer with intracellular antibodies.
Finite-Element Modeling of the Synthetic Intervertebral Disc (1991)

An ideal and realistic finite-element analysis should include several factors, such as geometry (shape and size), the relative volumes of the nucleus to the anulus fibrosus, the fiber volume fraction within the anulus, and material properties. In this study, a finite-element analysis model for the disc that included these factors was developed. In addition, synthetic disc prostheses with the same specifications of geometry and material properties were manufactured. The developed model was found to be reliable and accurate when finite-element analysis results were compared with experimental synthetic disc data. The model also matched the mechanical behavior of the natural disc. This finite-element analysis model provides a tool to study the mechanical behavior of discs with varying degrees and types of injury and degeneration.
Kolonnenkristallisieren (1961)

Abstract Es wird eine Methode des fraktionierten Kristallisierens und Schmelzens beschrieben, die wie die Kolonnendestillation ein echtes Gegenstromverfahren darstellt. Das neue Trennverfahren kann zur Reinigung von unzersetzt schmelzbaren, kristallisierenden Verbindungen und zur Trennung von Mischkristallsystemen dienen. Verglichen mit dem Zonenschmelzen führt es sehr viel schneller zu reinen Substanzen, wie Versuche mit Stearylalkohol, Cetylalkohol und 2.4‐Dinitrotoluol ergaben.
Population Muscle Strength Predicts Olympic Medal Tallies: Evidence from 20 Countries in the PURE Prospective Cohort Study (2017)

National sporting achievement at the Olympic Games is important for national pride and prestige, and to promote participation in sport. Summer Olympic Games medal tallies have been associated with national wealth, and also social development and healthcare expenditure. It is uncertain however, how these socioeconomic factors translate into Olympic success. The objective of this study was therefore to examine the relationship between population muscle strength and Olympic medal tallies.
Data from Cisplatin-Induced Renal Injury Is Independently Mediated by OCT2 and p53 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Tubular secretion of cisplatin is abolished in mice deficient for the organic cation transporters Oct1 and Oct2 (Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;mice), and these animals are protected from severe cisplatin-induced kidney damage. Since tubular necrosis is not completely absent in Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;mice, we hypothesized that alternate pathways are involved in the observed injury.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Studies were done in wild-type, Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;, or p53-deficient animals, all on an FVB background, receiving cisplatin intraperitoneally at 15 mg/kg. Cisplatin metabolites were analyzed using mass spectrometry, and gene expression was assessed using Affymetrix microarrays and RT-PCR arrays.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; KEGG pathway analyses on kidneys from mice exposed to cisplatin revealed that the most significantly altered genes were associated with the p53 signaling network, including &lt;i&gt;Cdnk1a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Mdm2&lt;/i&gt;, in both wild-type (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 2.40 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−11&lt;/sup&gt;) and Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;mice (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 1.92 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−8&lt;/sup&gt;). This was confirmed by demonstrating that homozygosity for a p53-null allele partially reduced renal tubular damage, whereas loss of p53 in Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;mice (p53&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;/Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;) completely abolished nephrotoxicity. We found that pifithrin-α, an inhibitor of p53-dependent transcriptional activation, inhibits Oct2 and can mimic the lack of nephrotoxicity observed in p53&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;/Oct1/2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;mice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These findings indicate that (i) the p53 pathway plays a crucial role in the kidney in response to cisplatin treatment and (ii) clinical exploration of OCT2 inhibitors may not lead to complete nephroprotection unless the p53 pathway is simultaneously antagonized. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(15); 4026–35. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Changing Trends in Opioid Use Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States (2017)

In the US, opioid use in older patients with RA peaked in 2010 and is now declining slightly. Withdrawal of propoxyphene from the US market in 2010 had minimal effect on overall opioid use, because use of propoxyphene was replaced by increased use of other opioids.
Effects of Nano- and Micro-surface Treatments on Boiling Heat Transfer (2010)

This work investigates the flow boiling heat transfer in microchannels with the aim of developing compact cooling systems which can be adapted to miniaturized power components. Nano and micro-surface treatments were used as innovative techniques to improve the heat transfer performance as well as to delay the intermittent dryout. Initially, pool-boiling experiments were performed to highlight the impact of nanocoatings on nucleate-boiling mechanisms. It was observed that the surface wettability modified by nanoparticle deposition had significant effects on the boiling processes. Afterwards, a second experimental campaign was conducted to investigate the flow boiling in a microchannel with nanocoated and microstructured samples. These studies highlighted the impacts of surface wettability and of micro-patterning on two-phase flow patterns, pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient. In particular, significant enhancements in heat transfer coefficient and in intermittent dryout were obtained with micro-structured samples.
國際財務報導準則第17號「保險合約」—變動收費法 (2019)

本研究探討國際財務報導準則第17號「保險合約」（以下稱「IFRS 17」）中變動收費法之會計處理。隨著IFRS 17即將取代現行之國際財務報導準則第4號「保險合約」，保險業在會計上勢必會受到不少衝擊。IFRS 17針對保險合約是否具有直接參與特性分別制定了不同的會計處理，而具直接參與特性之保險合約須適用變動收費法。本研究探討IFRS 17準則中有關變動收費法之會計處裡規範，並以一釋例說明具直接參與特性之保險合約之衡量以及損益之認列，以使保險業能以有系統之方式了解變動收費法。
0.53 J /100 ps Nd:YAG single-rod six-pass amplifier (2018)

We developed 106 W (0.53J × 200 Hz) diode-pumped 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with pulse duration of ps. 6-pass laser amplifier was based on a single Ø15×140 mm rod. The output beam was flat-top, the beam divergence was 1.5 times the different limit. The SHG efficiency up to 54% was achieved in 17×17×7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> LBO crystal.
Advancements in hardware design for the frontier radio used for the solar probe plus mission (2017)

The Frontier Radio for the Solar Probe Plus mission offers a host of hardware design and manufacturing improvements. These improvements build on the technology readiness level (TRL)-9 radio platform that was flown on the Van Allen Probes mission in a duplexed S-band configuration and several development tasks funded by NASA Headquarters. Prior RF slice designs consisted of two separate circuit boards: one for lower frequencies and one for high-frequencies; advances in technology enabled the use of a high-frequency multilayer laminate with highly integrated miniature components to create a single circuit board, thereby simplifying manufacturing. This change also enabled an improved circuit topology in the upconverter in both exciters producing lower phase noise and better I/Q modulation accuracy. RF shielding performance was improved using compartmentalized plates and Spira-Shield gaskets. Use of a magnesium alloy for the slice packaging reduced the overall radio mass. A design-variant approach was implemented to facilitate flexibility and re-configurability across multiple missions and applications. For example, one circuit board artwork supports S, X, and Ka-band configurations of the exciter slice, and the digital signal processing (DSP) slice's board artwork facilitates numerous alternate configurations for a variety of mission applications. Advances made to the DSP slice include dual footprint circuits and an interposer for the field programmable gate array (FPGA) to minimize layout changes, a change to a radiation-hardened magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) to replace the programmable read-only memory (PROM), and new test and debugging circuits including a serializer-deserializer (SERDES), a SpaceWire debug link, and small footprint soft-touch connectors to access internal signals. A multi-chip module (MCM) was qualified for use in space that converts X-band to Ka-band and I/Q modulates directly at Ka-band. This enables a first for a deep-space mission: primary science data downlink with simultaneous data and navigation over Ka-band. Manufacturing techniques such as the use of a pick-and-place machine with part value validation, standardized circuit board sizes, and fewer overall circuit boards to integrate all contributed to faster and more reliable hardware assembly. The flight radio hardware is fully fabricated and has completed proto-flight testing for a planned 2018 spacecraft launch.
Deformations and Smile: 100 years of D'Arcy Thompson's On Growth and Form (2018)

Abstract A century ago, a Scottish biologist published ideas that would be built on generations later by those working in the field of statistical shape analysis. Kanti V. Mardia, Fred L. Bookstein, Balvinder S. Khambay and John T. Kent celebrate D'Arcy Thompson's most famous work on the 70th anniversary of his death
Health-Related Quality of Life Consequences of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (2007)

Adverse effects of the ICD on HRQOL together with lower HRQOL among survivors may offset the 3-year survival benefits of ICDs.
Introduction to the principles of vacuum physics (1999)

Vacuum physics is the necessary condition for scientific research and modem high technology. In this introduction to the physics and technology of vacuum the basic concepts of a gas composed of atoms and molecules are presented. These gas particles are contained in a partially empty volume forming the vacuum. The fundamentals of vacuum, molecular density, pressure, velocity distribution, mean free path, particle velocity, conductivity, temperature and gas flow are discussed. (11 refs).
Multi-scale Modeling Approach for Detecting LowObservable Targets within Sea Clutter (2008)

Sea clutter refers to the radar backscatter from the ocean surface. Accurate modeling of sea clutter and rough sea surface is an important problem in radar signal processing and applications, as it facilitates robust detection of low observable targets within sea clutter, which has significant importance to coastal security, navigation safety and environmental monitoring. Great efforts have been made to model sea clutter. However, the nature of sea clutter is poorly understood and the important problem of target detection within sea clutter remains a tremendous challenge. We propose a systematic, multi-scale approach to model sea clutter. By extensively utilizing available real data, we (1) develop methods to better fit non-stationary and non-Gaussian sea clutter, (2) characterize correlation structure of sea clutter on multiple time scales, and (3) develop accurate and readily implementable methods to detect low observable targets within sea clutter.
A 32-gene risk index: a new prognostic approach for prostate cancer progression (2013)

R adical prostatectomy (RP) has been a widely accepted and standard treatment for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, effective clinical management of RP patient remains being challenged, given that conventional prognostic factors, including Gleason score, pT stage, surgical margin status and presurgery serum prostatespecific antigen (PSA), cannot correctly predict cancer recurrence after RP. Recently, a robust prognostic model for biochemical recurrence (BCR) and metastasis has been developed by our group at the MGH. This model was a continuous risk index based on the expression of 32 genes and was validated in an independent, blinded cohort of 270 RP patients. In multivariate analyses, the 32-gene risk index model was prognostic for risk of BCR and had added value over the traditional parameters. This model may contribute to accurate postoperative treatment decision and hopefully help patients and doctors make a more reasonable selection at the stage of a positive biopsy.
Peculiarities of Linear Thermal Expansion of CuInS2Single Crystals (2011)

CuInS2 single crystals were grown by a traveling heater method, which is one of the solution growth techniques. The temperature dependence of the X-ray diffraction of CuInS2 was determined between 10 and 300 K. The lattice constant of the a-axis decreased and that of the c-axis increased with increasing temperature. The linear thermal expansion of the c-axis calculated from the lattice constants decreased from 10 to 100 K.