gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Proppant Surface Treatment Yields Enhanced Multiphase Flow Performance and Improved Hydraulic Fracture Clean-up (2015)

Abstract Traditional proppants used in hydraulic fracturing have strongly water-wet surfaces, which retain water within the proppant pack and reduce the relative permeability to hydrocarbons. Oil-wet proppants have been evaluated, but pose significant operational challenges and have yielded poor recovery of treating fluids in the laboratory suggesting unsatisfactory hydrocarbon production if applied in the field. This paper describes the development and testing of a new proppant designed to exhibit a neutrally-wet surface. The modified surface does not have a preferential affinity for oil, gas or water, and therefore will not promote the preferential entrapment of any phase within the proppant pack. This concept yields significant advantages under multiphase flow conditions. Laboratory results are presented showing dramatic improvement in the multiphase flow performance of the neutrally wet proppant. Pressure losses due to the simultaneous flow of water, gas and liquid hydrocarbons are significantly reduced leading to an improvement in relative permeability to hydrocarbon production. The surface treatment is resistant to abrasion, can withstand both acidic and basic environments, and can be used at reservoir temperatures up to 400° F. Testing and field application have also confirmed the compatibility with common fracturing fluid systems. The neutral wettability proppant is expected improve the recovery of frac fluids, achieving longer effective fracture lengths through superior clean-up of the fracture. In addition to improved frac lengths, production rates are further increased by improved effective conductivity under realistic multiphase conditions. Field results will be presented which illustrate the positive results. This proppant technology and the results described in this paper should be useful for completions, production and reservoir engineers dealing with hydraulically fractured wells, particularly in oil and condensate-rich reservoirs that are particularly challenged by multiphase flow. The implementation of this technology should improve completion effectiveness and well economics.
In Vitro Expansion of Keratinocytes on Human Dermal Fibroblast-Derived Matrix Retains Their Stem-Like Characteristics (2018)

Summary The long-term expansion of keratinocytes under serum- and feeder free conditions generally results in diminished proliferation and an increased commitment to terminal differentiation. Here we present a serum and xenogeneic feeder free culture system that retains the self-renewal capacity of primary human keratinocytes. In vivo , the tissue microenvironment is a major contributor to determining cell fate and a key component of the microenvironment is the extracellular matrix (ECM). Accordingly, acellular ECMs derived from human dermal fibroblasts, cultured under macromolecular crowding conditions to facilitate matrix deposition and organisation, were used as the basis for a xenogeneic-free keratinocyte expansion protocol. A phospholipase A 2 decellularisation procedure produced matrices which, by proteomics analysis, resembled in composition the core matrix proteins of skin dermis. On these ECMs keratinocytes proliferated rapidly, retained their small size, expressed p63, did not express keratin 10 and rarely expressed keratin 16. Moreover, the colony forming efficiency of keratinocytes cultured on these acellular matrices was markedly enhanced. Collectively these data indicate that the dermal fibroblast-derived matrices support the in vitro expansion of keratinocytes that maintained stem-like characteristics under serum free conditions.
A Rapid Method for Determining Physical Properties of Undisturbed Substrate (1992)

A new tube method for determining physical properties in container substrates was compared to an existing system. While both offer the advantages of undisturbed substrate and measurement of properties without altering the geometry of the substrate in the container, the tube method is easier to conduct. Both methods proved equally effective for determining air-tilled porosity, container capacity, total porosity, bulk density, and particle density.
Mesoporous Titanium Zirconium Oxide Nanospheres with Potential for Drug Delivery Applications (2013)

Mesoporous titanium zirconium (TiZr) oxide nanospheres with variable Ti to Zr ratios were synthesized using sol-gel chemistry followed by solvothermal treatment. These oxide nanospheres exhibited similar diameters (~360 nm), high surface areas (from 237 ± 2 to 419 ± 4 m(2) g(-1)), and uniform pore diameters (~3.7 nm). Three drugs, ibuprofen, dexamethasone, and erythromycin, were loaded into the TiZr oxide nanospheres. The TiZr oxide nanospheres exhibited a high loading capacity, up to 719 mg g(-1), and sustained release profiles in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. The mesoporous TiZr oxide nanospheres also exhibited hydrolytic stability, as evidenced by the retention of the integrity of the mesostructures after drug release in PBS for 21 days.
CDK4/6 Inhibition Augments Antitumor Immunity by Enhancing T-cell Activation (2017)

Immune checkpoint blockade, exemplified by antibodies targeting the PD-1 receptor, can induce durable tumor regressions in some patients. To enhance the efficacy of existing immunotherapies, we screened for small molecules capable of increasing the activity of T cells suppressed by PD-1. Here, we show that short-term exposure to small-molecule inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) significantly enhances T-cell activation, contributing to antitumor effects <i>in vivo</i>, due in part to the derepression of NFAT family proteins and their target genes, critical regulators of T-cell function. Although CDK4/6 inhibitors decrease T-cell proliferation, they increase tumor infiltration and activation of effector T cells. Moreover, CDK4/6 inhibition augments the response to PD-1 blockade in a novel <i>ex vivo</i> organotypic tumor spheroid culture system and in multiple <i>in vivo</i> murine syngeneic models, thereby providing a rationale for combining CDK4/6 inhibitors and immunotherapies.<b>Significance:</b> Our results define previously unrecognized immunomodulatory functions of CDK4/6 and suggest that combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with immune checkpoint blockade may increase treatment efficacy in patients. Furthermore, our study highlights the critical importance of identifying complementary strategies to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients with cancer. <i>Cancer Discov; 8(2); 216-33. ©2017 AACR.</i><i>See related commentary by Balko and Sosman, p. 143</i><i>See related article by Jenkins et al., p. 196</i><i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 127</i>.
Capacitor voltage balancing of a nested T-type four-level inverter using space vector modulation (2018)

In this paper, a control method for capacitor voltage balancing of a nested T-type four-level inverter is proposed. The nested T-type inverter has less number of components compared to the available four-level inverters which makes this topology attractive for high-power medium-voltage applications. In order to control voltages of flying capacitors, a Space Vector Modulation (SVM) strategy is developed that employs the switching state redundancies. Performance of the control method is investigated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment under different operating conditions.
Electropolymerization of pyrrole and characterization of the obtained films (1996)

It is possible to produce polypyrrole films on mild steel by electropolymerization from aqueous solutions. The present study compares the characteristics of films obtained from various solutions (Na2SO4, H2C2O4, Na2C2O4 or H3BO3) on mild steel. Films are studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Optical Microscopy, Auger Electron Microscopy, X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Other studies are under way on galvanized steel and zinc.
Pairwise Selective Formation of Aromatic Stacks in a Coordination Cage (2010)

An asymmetric alignment of electron-donating (D) and accepting (A) aromatics is a formidable challenge in the self-assembly of aromatic stacks because self-assembled aromatic stacks usually give alternating aromatic arrays, D-A-D-A-.... Here, we show that appropriate D-A guest pairs settle down in an electron-deficient aromatic box to yield an asymmetric quadruple A-D-A-A stacking sequence quantitatively. The inner D-A guest pair rapidly swaps their positions to create a dynamic aromatic array, and the swift guest motion largely depends on the donor aromatics.
A LISP compiler producing compact code (1980)

A compiler has been written which compiles MACLISP into a compact intermediate language called 1-code, and an 1-code interpreter has been incorporated into an existing LISP system. The 1-code “machine” has a simple stack architecture and an instruction set specifically designed for LISP. Compiled programs consist of a string of eight-bit bytes of 1-code, and a local table of quantities used by the compiled code.
Superloser: a plasmid shuffling vector for Saccharomyces cerevisiae with exceedingly low background (2019)

Abstract Here we report a new plasmid shuffle vector for forcing budding yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) to incorporate a new genetic pathway in place of a native pathway – even essential ones – while maintaining low false positive rates (less than 1 in 10 8 per cell). This plasmid, dubbed “Superloser”, was designed with reduced sequence similarity to commonly used yeast plasmids (i.e. pRS400 series) to limit recombination, a process that in our experience leads to retention of the yeast gene(s) instead of the desired gene(s). In addition, Superloser utilizes two orthogonal copies of the counter-selectable marker URA3 to reduce spontaneous 5-fluoroorotic acid resistance. Finally, the CEN/ARS sequence is fused to the GAL1-10 promoter, which disrupts plasmid segregation in the presence of the sugar galactose, causing Superloser to rapidly be removed from a population of cells. We show one proof of concept shuffling experiment: swapping yeast’s core histones out for their human counterparts. Superloser is especially useful for forcing yeast to use highly unfavorable genes, such as human histones, as it enables plating a large number of cells (1.4×10 9 ) on a single 10 cm petri dish while maintaining a very low background. Therefore, Superloser is a useful tool for yeast geneticists to effectively shuffle low viability genes and/or pathways in yeast that may arise in as low as 1 in 10 8 cells.
Supplementary Tables S1-S10 from A Gene Expression Signature from Human Breast Cancer Cells with Acquired Hormone Independence Identifies MYC as a Mediator of Antiestrogen Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables S1-S10.&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of hearing-aid dynamic range compression on spatial perception in a reverberant environment (2017)

This study investigated the effects of fast-acting hearing-aid compression on normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners' spatial perception in a reverberant environment. Three compression schemes-independent compression at each ear, linked compression between the two ears, and "spatially ideal" compression operating solely on the dry source signal-were considered using virtualized speech and noise bursts. Listeners indicated the location and extent of their perceived sound images on the horizontal plane. Linear processing was considered as the reference condition. The results showed that both independent and linked compression resulted in more diffuse and broader sound images as well as internalization and image splits, whereby more image splits were reported for the noise bursts than for speech. Only the spatially ideal compression provided the listeners with a spatial percept similar to that obtained with linear processing. The same general pattern was observed for both listener groups. An analysis of the interaural coherence and direct-to-reverberant ratio suggested that the spatial distortions associated with independent and linked compression resulted from enhanced reverberant energy. Thus, modifications of the relation between the direct and the reverberant sound should be avoided in amplification strategies that attempt to preserve the natural sound scene while restoring loudness cues.
Composite of low‐density polyethylene and aluminum obtained from the recycling of postconsumer aseptic packaging (2006)

Abstract The recycling process of postconsumer aseptic packaging composed of paper, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum consists of recovering paper, the major component, through centrifugation. The remaining mixture of LDPE and aluminum, a recycled composite called PEAL, offers an interesting combination of properties, especially because of the presence of a small amount of poly(ethylene‐ co ‐methacrylic acid (EMAA). In this work, this composite is characterized, and the properties are compared with those of pure LDPE and EMAA, the polymers that constitute the recycled material. PEAL is around 15% aluminum particles with different shapes and sizes. The composite presents higher thermooxidative stability, higher crystallinity, lower impact resistance, and higher tensile strength than the other olefin polymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3183–3191, 2006
Spin-polarized hydrogen Rydberg time-of-flight: Experimental measurement of the velocity-dependent H atom spin-polarization (2014)

We have developed a new experimental method allowing direct detection of the velocity dependent spin-polarization of hydrogen atoms produced in photodissociation. The technique, which is a variation on the H atom Rydberg time-of-flight method, employs a double-resonance excitation scheme and experimental geometry that yields the two coherent orientation parameters as a function of recoil speed for scattering perpendicular to the laser propagation direction. The approach, apparatus, and optical layout we employ are described here in detail and demonstrated in application to HBr and DBr photolysis at 213 nm. We also discuss the theoretical foundation for the approach, as well as the resolution and sensitivity we achieve.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of tumour budding in colorectal cancer (2016)

Tumour budding in CRC is strongly predictive of lymph node metastases, recurrence and cancer-related death at 5 years, and its incorporation into the CRC staging algorithm will contribute to more effective risk stratification.
Contribution of Kinematical and Thermal Full-field Measurements for Identification of High Cycle Fatigue Properties of Steels (2011)

Using kinematical and thermal full-field measurements for identification of mechanical parameters has become a very promising area of experimental mechanics. The purpose of this work is to extend the use of non-conventional tests and full field measurements (kinematical and thermal) to the identification of the fatigue properties of a dual-phase steel. A particular attention is paid to the influence of plastic pre-strain on the fatigue limit. Indeed, an analytical approach is proposed to define the geometry of the specimen permitting to obtain a constant gradient of plastic strain within the zone of interest after a monotonic pre-strain. Then, a self-heating test under cyclic loading is carried out on the pre-strained specimen. During this cyclic test, the thermal field is measured using an infrared camera. Finally, a suitable numerical strategy is proposed to identify a given thermal source model taking into account the influence of a plastic pre-strain. The results show that, with the non-conventional test and the procedure developed in this work, the influence of a range of plastic pre-strain on fatigue properties can be identified by using only one specimen. It is worth noting that a great number of specimens is required to determine this effect by using classical fatigue campaign.
Historical Conflict and Restoration of Truth and Justice in Korean Society (2021)

Restoring truth and justice in past history issues of Korean society reflects the disruptive development of Korean history in the 20th century, such as the act of cooperation with Japan, the massacre of civilians during the Korean War, and the violation of human rights under the military regime. In Korean society, this issue was raised by civil society and victims, who demanded to prevent such legacy from making further negative effects or social conflict. <BR> As the establishment reacted violently to it and as some media and intellectuals still attempted to mislead public opinion by glorifying pro-Japanese collaborators and the dictatorship, Korean society strives to solve the difficult task of restoring historical truths for the construction of a new future. <BR> Civil society"s widespread participation in historical politics in Korea is unique in terms of its continuity, wide national or international solidarity, and broadness of the participating public. It is also characterized by the fact that Korea"s past liquidation was carried out by constantly evoking historical and structural causes of state violence and human rights abuses, such as the issue of decolonization, division of nation, and the Cold War. Although democratization of Korean society was the background and support for the restoration of truth and justice, at the same time, controversy for the restoration of truth played a role in expanding or deepening democratic principles and human rights that Korean society should pursue.
Antifungal drug discovery and development--fourth international summit. 10-11 March 1999, Princeton, New Jersey, USA. (1999)

Genetic and genomic approaches to discovery, selection and evaluation of antifungal targets were extensively discussed by several speakers at this meeting. Experimental targets with early lead compounds available from screening programs include translation (Ribogene Inc), transcription (SCRIPTGEN Pharmaceuticals Inc), and protein geranylgeranylation (Mitotix Inc). Classes of compounds which are more advanced in preclinical evaluation include the sordarins, inhibitors of fungal elongation factor 2 under development by Glaxo Wellcome plc and Merck and Co Inc, and a series of fungicidal peptides originally derived from a domain of the human neutrophil bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI, Xoma Ltd). Preclinical and early clinical data were presented for two compounds: caspofungin (MK-0991, Merck and Co Inc), an echinocandin with a broad-spectrum of activity for parenteral application, and Sch-56592 (Schering-Plough Corp), an orally active triazole. The oral antimycotic, terbinafine (Novartis AG), primarily used in dermatological infections, shows potent synergy with azoles and has potential applications against several serious and drug-resistant fungal pathogens. Amphotericin B, which has long been the gold standard for therapy of life-threatening infections, is now available in several liposomal formulations, including AmBisome (Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co Ltd) and Abelcet (The Liposome Company Inc) which show a reduced incidence of adverse events.
The Preparation of Triazines Related to 6-Cyano-2,2'-bipyridine1 (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Triazines Related to 6-Cyano-2,2'-bipyridine1Francis H. CaseCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 7, 2398–2400Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01345a510https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01345a510research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views520Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: New Methods for the Synthesis of Proximally Functionalized Arylboranes and ‐silanes. (1987)

Abstract The syntheses of the novel disubstituted aromatic compounds (III)‐(VII) are reported.
Measurement of exclusive hypercharge-exchange reactions at 35 to 140 GeV/c (1981)

First Page
Method for Preparing an Exact-Size Model Using Helical Volume Scan Computed Tomography (1994)

Helical volume scan computed tomography is a recently developed technology by means of which detailed data for most facial bone areas can be accumulated in a very short period, i.e., about 30 seconds, a much shorter time than required with conventional computed tomography. From a clinical standpoint, this is extremely important. In this report we discuss the principles of a method for preparing actual-size models by laser lithographic procedures based on data obtained by helical volume scan computed tomography. With these procedures, it is possible to obtain a good reproduction with high accuracy, on the order of 0.5 mm, not only of the outer morphologic structure of the cranial and maxillofacial bones but also of portions of the inner structure of cavities such as the cranium and paranasal sinuses. The difference between the original and model was under 3 percent, as confirmed by constructing a model of the dry skull with helical volume scan computed tomography. Therefore, production of exact-size models using helical volume scan computed tomography data represents an important technological development, breaking through previous limits imposed by conventional simulations prepared with three-dimensional images using CRT. With the combined use of laser lithographics and helical volume scan computed tomography, operative methods for craniomaxillofacial surgery should improve significantly in the near future.
Metal--Metal Matrix (M /sup 3/) for High-Speed MOS VLSI Layout (1987)

This paper proposes a new layout method for high-speed VLSI circuits in single-poly and double-metal MOS technology. With emphasis on the speed performance, our Metal-Metal Matrix (M /sup 3/) layout method employs maximal use of metal interconnections while restricting delay-consuming polysilicon or polycide features only to form MOS transistor gates or to connect the same type of transistor gates with common input signals. M /sup 3/ layout is also amenable to submicron technology trends and existing CAD tools for single-poly and single-metal chip assembly and routing. Our layout studies indicate that M /sup 3/ is particularly appealing to high-speed dynamic CMOS circuits in view of packing density and speed performance. This new structure has not been experimented with VLSI chip fabrication yet and awaits empirical verification.