gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of ERBB2 gene status with histopathological parameters and disease-specific survival in gastric carcinoma patients (2009)

The clinical significance of ERBB2 amplification/overexpression in gastric cancer remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the ERBB2 status in 463 gastric carcinomas using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), and compared the findings with histopathological characteristics and with disease-specific survival. ERBB2 overexpression (2+ and 3+) and amplification (ratio ERBB2/CEP17 >or= 2) were found in 43 (9.3%) and 38 (8.2%) gastric carcinomas, respectively. Perfect IHC/FISH correlation was found for the 19 cases scored as 0 (all negative by FISH), and also for the 25 cases scored as 3+ (all positive by FISH). One out of six carcinomas scored as 1+ and 12 out of 18 carcinomas scored as 2+ were positive by FISH. ERBB2 amplification was associated with gastric carcinomas of intestinal type (P=0.007) and with an expansive growth pattern (P=0.021). ERBB2 amplification was detected in both histological components of two mixed carcinomas, indicating a common clonal origin. A statistically significant association was found between ERBB2 amplification and worse survival in patients with expansive gastric carcinomas (P=0.011). We conclude that ERBB2 status may have clinical significance in subsets of gastric cancer patients, and that further studies are warranted to evaluate whether patients whose gastric carcinomas present ERBB2 amplification/overexpression may benefit from therapy targeting this surface receptor.
(The international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) workshop on plasma facing components and materials data base) (1990)

This report summarizes the results of the Plasma Facing Components Workshop and the Specialist Meeting on ITER Material Data Base which were held at ITER winter session at Garching, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). Those areas of relevance to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) fusion graphite and carbon-carbon composite program are described in more detail.
Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production (2020)

As cell function is influenced by niche-specific factors in the cellular microenvironment, methods to dissect cell localization and migration can provide further insight on cell function. B-1a cells are a unique B cell subset in mice that produce protective natural IgM antibodies against oxidation-specific epitopes that arise during health and disease. B-1a cell IgM production differs depending on B-1a cell location, and therefore it becomes useful from a therapeutic standpoint to target B-1a localization to niches supportive of high antibody production. Here we describe a method to target B-1a cell migration to the bone marrow by retroviral-mediated overexpression of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Gene induction in primary murine B cells can be challenging and typically yields low transfection efficiencies of 10-20% depending on technique. Here we demonstrate that retroviral transduction of primary murine B-1a cells results in 30-40% transduction efficiency. This method utilizes adoptive cell transfer of transduced B-1a cells into B cell-deficient recipient mice so that donor B-1a cell migration and localization can be visualized. This protocol can be modified for other retroviral constructs and can be used in diverse functional assays post-adoptive transfer, including analysis of donor cell or host cell phenotype and function, or analysis of soluble factors secreted post B-1a cell transfer. The use of distinct donor and recipient mice differentiated by CD45.1 and CD45.2 allotype and the presence of a GFP reporter within the retroviral plasmid could also enable detection of donor cells in other, immune-sufficient mouse models containing endogenous B cell populations.
Effects of Human Connection through Social Drones and Perceived Safety (2018)

This study investigates whether people perceive social drones differently depending on pilot type and perceived safety. A “drone campus tour guide” social drone service was examined to explore these values. This study involves a between-subjects experiment using two drone control types (human-driven and algorithm-driven) and two levels of perceived safety (low and high). The results demonstrate that the drone pilot type changes the service experience when the drone is flying in an unsafe manner. In the group where the drones were flown in an unsafe manner, participants exhibited higher levels of satisfaction with the algorithm-driven drone guide, while both types of drones received the same level of satisfaction when they were flown safely. The results have implications for understanding how expectations influence service evaluations in relation to human connection.
A practical system hardness assurance program (space systems) (1993)

A hardness assurance program that is believed to be practical and cost-effective has been developed for space programs. It includes estimates of a worst-case natural and an enhanced radiation environment, addresses piece part selection and procurement, and provides methods for calculating parameter deratings for design hardening. The program emphasizes the crucial importance of examining the radiation response data with utmost care before any statistical inferences about performance and survivability are drawn from the data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Development of an Ultra-Small Angular Rate Sensor Element with a Laminated Quartz Tuning Fork (2006)

The authors have developed an ultra-small angular rate sensor element which was manufactured from a laminated quartz wafer. The quartz tuning fork sensor element (1.3 times 2.2 times 0.24 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) is so small that it can be applied to the 2.5 times 3.2 times 1.3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> surface mount type angular rate sensor. This ultra-small angular rate sensor element consisted of weighted longer arms and a winged base part for damper. According to the experimental result, it was confirmed that the scale factor was 0.67 mV/(deg/s), zero point voltage was 1.349 V and the maximum angular rate was plusmn 210 deg/s
Automatic Exploration Techniques of Numerical Bifurcation Diagrams Illustrated by the Ginzburg--Landau Equation (2019)

This paper considers the extreme type-II Ginzburg--Landau equations, a nonlinear PDE model that describes the states of a wide range of superconductors. For two-dimensional domains, a robust method is developed that performs a numerical continuation of the equations, automatically exploring the whole solution landscape. The strength of the applied magnetic field is used as the bifurcation parameter. Our branch switching algorithm is based on Lyapunov--Schmidt reduction, but we will show that for an important class of domains an alternative method based on the equivariant branching lemma can be applied as well. The complete algorithm has been implemented in Python and tested for multiple examples. For each example a complete solution landscape was constructed, showing the robustness of the algorithm.
Image formation by multifacet holograms (1983)

A method is described in which arbitrary images are formed via Fresnel diffraction. In this method, a multifacet hologram is used to deflect small square areas of light from a given spatial location in the input plane to an arbitrarily prescribed location in the output plane, producing an image composed of small square patches of light. Five different variations of multifaceted holography are presented. Volume phase holograms are used in the deflection process resulting in nearly 100% efficiency.
The Molecular Genetics of Rodent Single Gene Obesities (1997)

Only three fundamental mechanisms can underlie the development of obesity: 1) relative increase in energy intake; 2) relative decrease in energy expenditure; and 3) preferential partitioning of ingested calories to fat storage. That any one of these defects is sufficient to cause obesity is demonstrated by the phenotypes of animals produced by specific transgenic manipulations as follows. 1) Disruption of the 5HT2c serotonin receptor results in hyperphagia and obesity (1). 2) Defective nonshivering thermogenesis (energy expenditure) is the major abnormality in obese mice with ablation of brown adipose tissue due to tissue-specific expression of the diphtheria toxin gene driven by the uncoupling protein promoter (2).
The sequence specificity of alkylation for a series of benzoic acid mustard and imidazole-containing distamycin analogues: the importance of local sequence conformation (1997)

The covalent sequence specificity of a series of nitrogen mustard and imidazole-containing analogues of distamycin was determined using modified sequencing techniques. The analogues tether benzoic acid mustard (BAM) and possess either one, two or three imidazole units. Examination of the alkylation specificity revealed that BAM produced guanine-N7 lesions in a pattern similar to conventional nitrogen mustards. The monoimidazole-BAM conjugate also produced guanine-N7 alkylation in a similar pattern to BAM, but at a 100-fold lower dose. The diimidazole and triimidazole conjugates did not produce detectable guanine-N7 alkylation but only alkylated at selected sites in the minor groove. Unexpectedly, the alkylation specificity at equivalent doses was nearly identical to that found for the previously reported pyrrole-BAM conjugates. The consensus sequence, 5'-TTTTGPuwas strongly alkylated by the triimidazole conjugate in preference to other similar sites including three occurrences of 5'-TTTTAA. Footprinting studies were carried out to examine the non-covalent DNA binding interactions. These studies revealed that the tripyrrole- BAM conjugate bound non-covalently to the same AT-rich sites as distamycin. In contrast, whereas the Im3lexitropsin bound non-covalently to GC-rich sequences, the triimidazole-BAM conjugate did not detectably footprint to either GC- or AT-rich regions at equivalent doses. The results indicate that the alkylation event is not solely dictated by the non-covalent binding and might be influenced by a unique sequence dependent conformational feature of the consensus sequence 5'-TTTTGPu.
Subaperture Processing-Based Adaptive Beamforming for Photoacoustic Imaging (2021)

Delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformers, when applied to photoacoustic (PA) image reconstruction, produce strong sidelobes due to the absence of transmit focusing. Consequently, DAS PA images are often severely degraded by strong off-axis clutter. For preclinical in vivo cardiac PA imaging, the presence of these noise artifacts hampers the detectability and interpretation of PA signals from the myocardial wall, crucial for studying blood-dominated cardiac pathological information and to complement functional information derived from ultrasound imaging. In this article, we present PA subaperture processing (PSAP), an adaptive beamforming method, to mitigate these image degrading effects. In PSAP, a pair of DAS reconstructed images is formed by splitting the received channel data into two complementary nonoverlapping subapertures. Then, a weighting matrix is derived by analyzing the correlation between subaperture beamformed images and multiplied with the full-aperture DAS PA image to reduce sidelobes and incoherent clutter. We validated PSAP using numerical simulation studies using point target, diffuse inclusion and microvasculature imaging, and in vivo feasibility studies on five healthy murine models. Qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrate improvements in PAI image quality with PSAP compared to DAS and coherence factor weighted DAS (DAS <sub>CF</sub> ). PSAP demonstrated improved target detectability with a higher generalized contrast-to-noise (gCNR) ratio in vasculature simulations where PSAP produces 19.61% and 19.53% higher gCNRs than DAS and DAS <sub>CF</sub> , respectively. Furthermore, PSAP provided higher image contrast quantified using contrast ratio (CR) (e.g., PSAP produces 89.26% and 11.90% higher CR than DAS and DAS <sub>CF</sub> in vasculature simulations) and improved clutter suppression.
Metallo-porphyrin catalysed epoxidations with molecular oxygen (1977)

Molybdenum and vanadium complexes quench the peroxidation of olefins by molecular oxygen in the presence of cobalt or iron porphyrins; addition of cumene to these bis-metallic systems leads to epoxidation of olefins.
A high current low dropout regulator with dual output stage and dual control loop (2005)

This paper presents the implementation, and experimental results of a low-cost monolithic 3-Ampere LDO regulator with dual control loop and dual output power stage. The circuit includes protection for excessive output current, power dissipation, and temperature. The output stage was designed for low quiescent current
lutionary Spectral m of Nonstationary (1997)

The evolutionary (ES) is a power spectrum of nonstationary random processes. Starting from an innovations system interpretation of the ES, we introduce the generalized evolutionary (GES) as a novel family of time-varying power spectra. The GES contains the ES and the recently introduced transitory evolutionav as special cases. We consider the problem of finding an innovations system for a process characterized by its correlation function, and we discuss the connection between GES analysis and the class of underspread processes. Furthermore, we show that another special case of the GES-a novel time-varying power that we call Weyl spec- trum-has substantial advantages over all other members of the GES family. The properties of the Weyl are discussed, and its superior performance is verified experimentally for syn- thetic and real-data processes.
뽕나무 접목묘에 관한 연구 1 . 활착불량상묘 발생 묘포지의 토양특성에 관한 연구 (1985)

1982년 충남 부여와 충북 옥천, 1983 경북 상주에서 생산된 묘목의 활착율이 불량한 사례가 발생하여 그 원인을 구명하기 위해 묘포지 토양의 이화학성을 조사하는 한편, 1984년 충북의 상묘생산업자 21개, 115개 포장의 토양분석을 행한 결과 다음과 같았다. 1. 죽은 상묘를 증상별로 구분한 결과 붕소부족 증상이 59%였으며, 아무런 외형적인 증상이 없이 발아가 안 되는 경우가 34.9%, 그리고 연폐 증상을 보인 묘목은 6.1%였다. 2. 상묘의 활착율이 나빴던 포장은 하천부지의 논토양으로 유효토심이 20cm 내외이었으며 그 밑에는 거친 모래 또는 자갈층이 있었다. 3. 토양의 화학성은 강산성이었으며, Ca, Mg의 함량이 낮았으며, 특히 B의 함량이 매우 낮았다. 유효인산과 칼리는 높은 경우도 있었다. 4. 논토양에 묘포는 설치한 경우에는 객토를 하였거나, 붕사를 준 경우에 활착율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 5. 충북의 상묘포지 토양은 전면적 60.8ha 중 52.8%를 논토양이 점유하였고, pH6.5인 필지가 90.5%, 칼리 0.5me/100g 이하가 87.0% Ca은 6.5me/100g 이하가 40.8%, Mg은 2.00me/100g 이하가 94.8%, B은 0,3ppm 이하가 99.1%나 되었다. 【soil survey and chemical analysis on mulberry nursery garden were carried out to study the causes of the non-sprouting phenomenon occured seriously in Buy and Ogchun in 1983 and Sangju in 1984. In addition, 115 nursery garden soils taken from 21 sapling produsers in Chungbuk province were analyzed in 1984. The results were as follows, 1. Symptom of dead saplings was the highest in boron deficiency by 59% and the lowest in rot symptom. The rest of saplings by 34.9% were not detected any symptom. 2. The nursery gardens showen non-sprouting phonomenon were located along the stream. As the result, soil depth was shallow, around 20cm deep and subsoil composed with coarse sand and gravels. 3. Nursery soils were mostly strong acid, low in Ca and Mg content, especially B, whereas available phosphorus and potassium were abundant at some gardens, and deficient at others. 4. Application of red earth or borax to nursery garden, especially to paddy, increased sprouting rate. 5. Paddy nursery garden occupied by 52.8% of 60.8ha of total garden area in Chungbuk province. Ninty point five percent of the nursery garden was lower in pH than 6.5, 87.0% lower in K than 0.5me/100g, 40.8% lower in Ca than 6.5me/100g, 94.8% lower in Mg the 2.00me/100g 99.1% lower in B than 0.3ppm.】
Early endocardial morphogenesis requires Scl/Tal1 (2005)

The primitive heart tube is composed of an outer myocardial and an inner endocardial layer that will give rise to the cardiac valves and septa.Specification and differentiation of these two cell layers are among the earliest events in heart development, but the embryonic origins and genetic regulation of early endocardial development remain largely undefined.We have analyzed early endocardial development in the zebrafish using time-lapse confocal microscopy and show that the endocardium seems to originate from a region in the lateral plate mesoderm that will give rise to hematopoietic cells of the primitive myeloid lineage.Endocardial precursors appear to rapidly migrate to the site of heart tube formation, where they arrive prior to the bilateral myocardial primordia.Analysis of a newly discovered zebrafish Scl/Tal1 mutant showed an additional and previously undescribed role of this transcription factor during the development of the endocardium.In Scl/Tal1 mutant embryos, endocardial precursors are specified, but migration is severely defective and endocardial cells aggregate at the ventricular pole of the heart.We further show that the initial fusion of the bilateral myocardial precursor populations occurs independently of the endocardium and tal1 function.Our results suggest early separation of the two components of the primitive heart tube and imply Scl/Tal1 as an indispensable component of the molecular hierarchy that controls endocardium morphogenesis.
Dynamic Covalent Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles (2011)

Polymeric nanoparticles were prepared through the chain collapse of linear polymers driven by the formation of dynamic covalent bonds. Linear chains of poly(vinylbenzaldehyde) were intramolecularly cross-linked through the formation of dynamic covalent acylhydrazone bonds with a bis-hydrazide cross-linker. The cross-linking density was shown to be controlled by the amount of cross-linker used. The resulting single polymer chain nanoparticles were then adorned through reaction of their remaining aldehyde units with a series of monoacyl hydrazides or alkoxyamines. Alternatively, the linear polymer chains could be fully adorned by reaction of their aldehyde units with the monoacyl hydrazides and then intramolecularly cross-linked through exchange reactions with the bis-hydrazide cross-linker. Both approaches proved effective routes to prepare single-chain polymer nanoparticles possessing high functional density.
Rhabdomyolysis – Mikor vessük fel metabolikus myopathia lehetőségét? Esetismertetés és diagnosztikus algoritmus (2017)

We report the case of a 46-year-old female patient with recurrent rhabdomyolysis. In the background of her metabolic myopathy an inherited metabolic disorder of the fatty acid oxidation, very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A-dehydrogenase deficiency was diagnosed. The diagnosis was based on abnormal acyl-carnitine- and urine organic-acid profile in addition to low residual enzyme activity, and was confirmed by genetic testing. After introduction of dietotherapy metabolic crisis necessitating hospital admission has not occurred neither have fixed myopathic changes developed. We present here the differential diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis and exertional muscle complaints, with the metabolic myopathies in focus. The main features of fatty acid oxidation disorders are highlighted, acute and chronic managements of very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A-dehydrogenase deficiency are discussed. Metabolic myopathies respond well to treatment, so good quality of life can be achieved. However, especially in fatty acid oxidation disorders, a metabolic crisis may develop quickly and can be fatal, albeit rarely. Some of these disorders can be identified by newborn screening, but occasionally the symptoms may manifest only in adulthood. With the presentation of this case we would like to point out that in the differential diagnosis of recurrent rhabdomyolysis inherited metabolic disorders should be considered regardless of the patient's age. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(46): 1873-1882.
610-P: Research on Consistency of Mass Spectrometry and Enzymatic Methods for Saliva 1,5-anhydroglucitol Measurement (2021)

Objective: To evaluate the agreement of different measurement methods of saliva 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in different glucose metabolism populations. Methods: A total of 175 healthy volunteers (21–65 years, 58 males and 117 females) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 80 diabetic patients (18–70 years, 44 males and 36 females) were enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019 and saliva was collected by saliva collection tube. Saliva 1,5-AG was measured using both enzymatic and mass spectrometry methods and serum 1,5-AG was determined by enzymatic method. Results: In subjects with NGT, the serum and saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method were both significantly positively correlated with the saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) (r = 0.247 and 0.523, respectively, both P &amp;lt; 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between saliva and serum 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method (r =-0.074, P = 0.333). In diabetic patients, the serum and saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method were both significantly positively correlated with the saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (r = 0.284 and 0.423, respectively, both P &amp;lt; 0.05). There was no significant correlation between saliva and serum 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method (r ='0.079, P = 0.487). Conclusion: Both the serum and saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method have good agreement with saliva 1,5-AG levels detected by mass spectrometry method. The saliva and serum 1,5-AG levels detected by enzymatic method are not well correlated, so the enzymatic detection of saliva 1,5-AG needs further improvement for clinical practice. Disclosure Y. Bao: None. C. Jian: None. A. Zhao: None. X. Ma: None. W. Lu: None. W. Zhu: None. Y. Wang: None. J. Zhou: None.
Evaluating Feasibility of a Cooperative-Control Robotic Assistant for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery: A Preclinical Study (2023)

Introduction: The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) was first introduced as an adjunct to the microscope for pituitary tumor resection and has since become the surgical approach of choice for a myriad of skull base pathologies. Relative to traditional open approaches, the EEA can offer better outcomes and shorter hospitalizations. Despite its advantages, the EEA has limitations including narrow operative corridors, the need for a second surgeon, and a steep learning curve. Robotic systems may be a means to overcome some of these limitations as they can offer utility through tremor filtration, instrument position memory, and can supplement or even replace an assistant surgeon. While robot assistance is rapidly expanding within neurosurgery it has yet to see widespread application in endoscopic skull base surgery. Here we present a preclinical cadaveric study utilizing a cooperative-control robotics platform for performance of an EEA.