gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transgenic disruption of 5alpha-reductase 1 in mice results in a blunted stress response (2010)

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a syndrome characterized by rapid progression of hearing impairment over seconds to days. While no universally accepted definition exists, it is often defined as a sensorineural hearing loss of 30 decilbles (dB) or more across at least three contiguous frequencies, occurring within 72 hours. In elderly patients and those with vascular risk factors who develop SSNHL, ischemia of the vertebrobasilar territory is suspected, especially of the anteroinferior cerebellar artery. This is because ischemia that affects this artery produces 79% of SSNHL associated with cerebral infarction. In many cases of ischemia of the vertebrobasilar territory, there is an association with anomalies of the vertebrobasilar circulation, such as vertebral artery hypoplasia or vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Here, we report a case of a 73-year-old man who presented right sudden hearing loss accompanied by acute onset vertigo, a physical exploration compatible with right vestibular dysfunction, and a history of recurrent episodes of syncope in the context of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia, as diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Nerve Injury Evoked Loss of Latexin Expression in Spinal Cord Neurons Contributes to the Development of Neuropathic Pain (2011)

Nerve injury leads to sensitization mechanisms in the peripheral and central nervous system which involve transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications in sensory nerves. To assess protein regulations in the spinal cord after injury of the sciatic nerve in the Spared Nerve Injury model (SNI) we performed a proteomic analysis using 2D-difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) technology. Among approximately 2300 protein spots separated on each gel we detected 55 significantly regulated proteins after SNI whereof 41 were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Out of the proteins which were regulated in the DIGE analyses after SNI we focused on the carboxypeptidase A inhibitor latexin because protease dysfunctions contribute to the development of neuropathic pain. Latexin protein expression was reduced after SNI which could be confirmed by Western Blot analysis, quantitative RT-PCR and in-situ hybridisation. The decrease of latexin was associated with an increase of the activity of carboxypeptidase A indicating that the balance between latexin and carboxypeptidase A was impaired in the spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury due to a loss of latexin expression in spinal cord neurons. This may contribute to the development of cold allodynia because normalization of neuronal latexin expression in the spinal cord by AAV-mediated latexin transduction or administration of a small molecule carboxypeptidase A inhibitor significantly reduced acetone-evoked nociceptive behavior after SNI. Our results show the usefulness of proteomics as a screening tool to identify novel mechanisms of nerve injury evoked hypernociception and suggest that carboxypeptidase A inhibition might be useful to reduce cold allodynia.
Effects of fibrin sealant on the fixation of porous titanium and pyrolytic carbon implants. (1989)

The authors investigated the potential role the fibrin sealant system may portray in the fixation of osseous implants. The application of a layer of fibrin did not interfere with the fixation of osseous implants of either pyrolytic carbon or Biolite-coated porous titanium. A greater percentage of tissue ingrowth was observed in the porous titanium implants in the presence of the fibrin sealant system; however, no significant difference in the ultimate interfacial shear stress was observed.
Operational amplifier-based micro eddy current sensor and its application in abrasive machining (honing) (2010)

An operational amplifier-based micro eddy current sensor circuit is developed for improvement of sensitivity, reduction of power consumption and application in small mounting space. An eddy current sensor is designed on the optimized parameters in this circuit. Meanwhile, an eddy current sensor static calibration system is built by comparing to the measurement unit of Switzerland TESA Inductance Sensor TT80 of high resolution. Simulation and experimental results show that the eddy current sensor has a high sensitivity, low power consumption and is capable of measuring a limited space. Also, the eddy current sensors are mounted in the honing head, and the feasibility of in-process inspection of parts being honed on the inner diameter have been verified in the Abrasive Machining (Honing).
Rapid Transition from Inhaled Iloprost to Inhaled Treprostinil in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2012)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension patients can be safely transitioned from inhaled iloprost to inhaled treprostinil while maintaining clinical status.
A Fabry–Perot interferometer-based camera for two-dimensional mapping of SO 2 distributions (2014)

Abstract. We examine a new imaging method for the remote sensing of volcanic gases, which relies on the regularly spaced narrow-band absorption structures in the UV–VIS of many molecules. A Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) is used to compare the scattered sunlight radiance at wavelengths corresponding to absorption bands with the radiance at wavelengths in between the bands, thereby identifying and quantifying the gas. In this first theoretical study, we present sample calculations for the detection of sulfur dioxide (SO2). Optimum values for the FPI setup parameters are proposed. Furthermore, the performance of the FPI method is compared to SO2 cameras. We show that camera systems using an FPI are far less influenced by changes in atmospheric radiative transfer (e.g., due to aerosol) and have a great potential as a future technique for examining emissions of SO2 (or other gases) from volcanic sources and other point sources.
Fundamental frequency estimation combining air-conducted speech with bone-conducted speech in noisy environment (2017)

Air-conducted speech is currently used for fundamental frequency extraction in noisy environment. However, the results are severely affected by noise. In this paper, additionally bone-conducted speech is combined with air-conducted speech and a novel pitch extraction method is derived. Experiments indicate that the proposed method provides an accurate estimate of fundamental frequency of speech in highly noisy environment.
Shared media space coordination: mixed mode synchrony in collaborative multimedia environments (1997)

Multimedia systems are often divided into presentational and conversational domains: those which orchestrate prerecorded scenarios and those which provide audio/video teleconferencing. To be effective across a wide range of activities, however, collaborative multimedia systems must support the integration of presentational, conversational and interactive multimedia within a single shared media space. Such a virtual environment must not only support synthetic and real-time media but also their interactive manipulation as shared objects. Therefore, synchronizing media and the actions upon them in both a timely and causal manner are necessary to maintain a semantically coherent workspace. This paper discusses these issues and introduces a framework based on Virtual Enablers and Virtual Barriers designed to support the diverse range of synchronization requirements within collaborative multimedia systems. Its associated architecture is described and the model's application to the field of telelearning is illustrated.
Energy-and-perception-aware planning and navigation framework for unmanned aerial vehicles (2023)

This paper presents an energy and perception aware framework for path planning and navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in GNSS-denied and spatiotemporal wind environments. The proposed framework mainly consists of the global and local path planning methods that respectively consider the energy consumption of an UAV and perception quality of a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor mounted on the UAV. The energy consumption is estimated based on the aerodynamic model that calculates drag and lift forces on the UAV. The global planner then uses the total energy consumption in the spatiotemporal wind as the cost function to find an energy-efficient path as a set of waypoints. The local path planning navigates the UAV between the waypoints with maintaining the perception quality. The perception quality is quantified based on how well the LiDAR sensor scans feature points around the UAV that highly correlates with the navigation accuracy. Numerical simulation study for each of the global and local path planners validates their usefulness. Further, the overall framework is entirely verified in a long-range flight scenario of the photorealistic environments developed in the Gazebo simulation.
Hydrothermal synthesis of graphene/Fe3+-doped TiO2 nanowire composites with highly enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation (2015)

Graphene/Fe<sup>3+</sup>-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> nanowire composites with highly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity were prepared for the first time, whose photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed.
Hexafluoroacetone in resist chemistry: a versatile new concept for materials for deep-UV lithography (1992)

Starting from general arguments on hexafluoroacetone chemistry, an exploratory investigation of the utility of this new type of resist chemistry is presented. The 2- hydroxyhexafluoroisopropyl-group (HHFIP) proves to be comparable to phenolic groups in respect to acidity and reactivity. Polymers containing HHFIP-moieties are high transparent alkali-soluble binder materials for functional group deprotection type, dissolution inhibition type, and crosslinking type photo resist materials. Dissolution inhibitors containing the HHFIP-function show superior inhibition properties due to strong hydrogen bond interaction with the matrix polymer.
Shielding and Radiation Characteristics of Cylindrical Layered Bianisotropic Structures (2005)

In this paper we propose an analytical study in the spectral domain of cylindrical layered structures filled with general bianisotropic media and fed by a 3D electric source. The integrated structure is characterized in terms of transmission matrices leading to an equivalent circuit representation of the whole multilayered structure. Within the framework of this two-port formalism, we present a new contribution to the computation of the Green's function arising in the analysis of multilayered conformal integrated antennas loaded with general bianisotropic materials. We also propose an analytical study of the shielding effectiveness of general bianisotropic materials located in multilayered, cylindrical configuration. The expression of the shielded fields sustained both by plane wave and arbitrary sources is obtained in a closed analytical form. Numerical results are also presented showing effects of electromagnetic parameters on radiation pattern, matching properties and radar cross section of the integrated structure.
DNA Sequence Variation In The VEGF Gene And Plasma VEGF Protein Levels (2005)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent endothelial cell mitogen involved in the process of angiogenesis. VEGF has been shown to be influenced by exercise and our laboratory has previously identified associations between DNA sequence variation in the VEGF gene and skeletal muscle capillarity and maximal oxygen consumption. PURPOSE The aim of this project was to determine if DNA sequence variation in the VEGF gene is associated with plasma VEGF protein levels. METHODS Subjects included 75 healthy, sedentary men and women, 50–75 years of age. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral lymphocytes and RFLP genotyping was performed on the C-2578A, G-634C, C-7T, and C936T variants in the VEGF gene. RESULTS The G-634C and C936T polymorphisms did not appear to be associated with plasma VEGF protein levels. Subjects of AA genotype at the C-2578A polymorphism exhibited ∼54% higher plasma VEGF protein levels than did subjects of AC or CC genotype (29.1±4.5 vs. 18.9±1.9 and 18.8±2.3, respectively, p < 0.05). Subjects of CC genotype at the C-7T polymorphism exhibited ∼28% lower plasma VEGF levels than did carriers of the T-allele (CT and TT genotype) (17.5±1.7 vs. 24.4±2.4, respectively, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS DNA sequence variation in the VEGF gene appears to be associated with circulating plasma VEGF levels in older men and women. Supported by NIH AG17474, AG15389, AG22791, and T32-A00268.
Estimating Clock Uncertainty for Efficient Duty-Cycling in Sensor Networks (2008)

Radio duty cycling has received significant attention in sensor networking literature, particularly in the form of protocols for medium access control and topology management. While many protocols have claimed to achieve significant duty-cycling benefits in theory and simulation, these benefits have often not translated into practice. The dominant factor that prevents the optimal usage of the radio in real deployment settings is time uncertainty between sensor nodes which results in overhead in the form of long packet preambles, guard bands, and excessive control packets for synchronization. This paper proposes an uncertainty-driven approach to duty-cycling, where a model of long-term clock drift is used to minimize the duty-cycling overhead. First, we use long-term empirical measurements to evaluate and analyze in-depth the interplay between three key parameters that influence long-term synchronization: synchronization rate, history of past synchronization beacons, and the estimation scheme. Second, we use this measurement-based study to design a rate-adaptive, energy-efficient long-term time synchronization algorithm that can adapt to changing clock drift and environmental conditions, while achieving application-specific precision with very high probability. Finally, we integrate our uncertainty-driven time synchronization scheme with the BMAC medium access control protocol, and demonstrate one to two orders of magnitude reduction in transmission energy consumption with negligible impact on packet loss rate.
Optimised NSAIDs-loaded biocompatible nanoparticles (2011)

In this formulation study, biocompatible non steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)-loaded nanoparticles were designed as models to be further integrated in a prosthesis surface functionalization. A modified spontaneous emulsion-solvent diffusion methodology was used to produce drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles without any purification or solvent evaporation requirements. Formulation parameters, such as lactide/glycolide ratio, polymer concentration, solvent/non solvent ratio and non solvent phase, as well as the non ionic tensioactive P188 co-precipitation composition were systematically explored. The optimized formulation (mean size: 145 nm, surface charge: −13 mV) was employed to encapsulate various amounts of NSAIDs in a simple and scalable manner. The drug release was characterized in vitro by a complete release for 48 h. These results encourage upcoming preliminary steps for in vivo experiments of prosthesis surface functionalization.
Freezing and melting of water in a single cylindrical pore: The pore-size dependence of freezing and melting behavior (1999)

In order to clarify the origin of the hysteresis between freezing and melting of pore water, we performed x-ray diffraction measurements of water confined inside the cylindrical pores of seven kinds of siliceous MCM-41 (a member of ordered mesoporous materials denoted by Mobil Oil researchers) with different pore radii (1.2–2.9 nm) and the interconnected pores of Vycor glass as a function of temperature. The hysteresis effect depends markedly on the size of the cylindrical pores: the hysteresis is negligibly small in smaller pores and becomes remarkable in larger pores. This strongly suggests that the hysteresis is arisen from size-dependent supercooling of water confined to the mesopores. For the water confined to the mesopores with pore radius of 1.2 nm, a continuous transition between a liquid and a solid precedes the first-order freezing transition of the pore water which would occur by the same mechanism as in bulk water.
Preparation of technetium‐99m bifunctional chelate complexes using a microfluidic reactor: a comparative study with conventional and microwave labeling methods (2011)

A series of reactions between the technetium tricarbonyl core, [ 99m Tc(CO) 3 (OH 2 ) 3 ] + and both the bifunctional chelate dithiazole valeric acid (DTV) and insulin derivatized with DTV were performed using microfluidic, microwave, and conventional labeling methods. At low concentrations of ligand, the microfluidic reactor resulted in higher yields than both the microwave and conventional reactions. The labeling of DTV at a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml (32.2 µm) and 100 °C did not occur using conventional techniques, whereas the yield after 7.85 min was 61% in the microfluidic reactor and 18% in the microwave reactor. The labeling of a DTV–insulin conjugate (2.1 mg/ml, 330 µm) at 37 °C was conducted using conventional methods producing the desired product in 21% yield in 15.7 min compared with 40% of the desired product in the identically formulated microfluidic reactor. In addition to the higher radiochemical yield, the radiochemical purity was significantly improved in the microfluidic reactor. The microfluidic reactor offers a number of advantages over conventional and microwave methods and is worthy of further exploration as a method to prepare molecular imaging probes derived from Tc‐99m. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Increased N-pentane Excretion in Humans: A Consequence of Pulmonary Oxygen Exposure (1986)

Lipid peroxidation by free radicals has been suggested as a mechanism of a lung injury caused by breathing higher than normal concentrations of oxygen. The appearance of hydrocarbons such as n-pentane in the expired gas of mammals has been proposed as in vivo evidence of lipid peroxidation. The excretion of n-pentane was studied in 15 healthy volunteers in whom excretion of exogenous n-pentane was determined over a 60- to 90-min period while breathing hydrocarbon-free gases. N-pentane elimination rates (mean +/- SEM) in the expired gas at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min were 10.2 +/- 1.5, 1.6 +/- 0.2, 1.2 +/- 0.9, 1.3 +/- 0.4, and 1.3 +/- 0.3 (pmol X kg-1 X min-1), respectively. Using a specially assembled circuit, a 2-h oxygen exposure study was performed on six healthy volunteers, in whom basal n-pentane excretion varied ten-fold among individuals, from 0.25 to 2.25 pmol X kg-1 X min-1. After breathing 100% oxygen, n-pentane excretion was augmented 62-420% within 30 to 120 min. The authors conclude that lipid peroxidation may occur in humans within 30 min of breathing 100% oxygen.
Self-assembly on multiple length scales: A Monte Carlo algorithm with data augmentation (2004)

We present a Monte Carlo algorithm that allows simulations where portions of the system of variable size are moved. The algorithm requires the definition of an augmented space that contains information on the bonding between components of the system and is updated as the simulation proceeds. With this method it is possible to incorporate, within the same simulation, processes involving motion of smaller and larger portions of a given system. The algorithm is presented in general terms and illustrated for a simple one-dimensional lattice model.
Multi-label learning with millions of labels (2013)

Recommending phrases from web pages for advertisers to bid on against search engine queries is an important research problem with direct commercial impact. Most approaches have found it infeasible to determine the relevance of all possible queries to a given ad landing page and have focussed on making recommendations from a small set of phrases extracted (and expanded) from the page using NLP and ranking based techniques. In this paper, we eschew this paradigm, and demonstrate that it is possible to efficiently predict the relevant subset of queries from a large set of monetizable ones by posing the problem as a multi-label learning task with each query being represented by a separate label.
Method and apparatus for selective removal of carbon monoxide (2023)

There is provided a method and apparatus for treatment of a hydrogen-rich gas to reduce the carbon monoxide content thereof by reacting the carbon monoxide in the gas with an amount of oxygen sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst in a desired temperature range without substantial reaction of hydrogen. The catalyst is an iridium-based catalyst dispersed on, and supported on, a carrier. In the presence of the catalyst, carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich feed gas is selectively oxidized such that a product stream is produced with a very low carbon monoxide content.
Shot Noise in Linear Macroscopic Resistors (2004)

We report on direct experimental evidence of shot noise in a linear macroscopic resistor. The origin of the shot noise comes from the fluctuation of the total number of charge carriers inside the resistor associated with their diffusive motion under the condition that the dielectric relaxation time becomes longer than the dynamic transit time. The present results show that neither potential barriers nor the absence of inelastic scattering are necessary to observe shot noise in electronic devices.
Molecular Cloning and Nucleotide Sequences of cDNAs Encoding S-Allele Specific Stylar RNases in a Self-Incompatible Cultivar and Its Self-compatible Mutant of Japanese Pear, Pyrus pyrifolia Nakail (1996)

The genes encoding three RNases were cloned from the style of a self-incompatible cultivar, Nijisseiki (S2S4), and its self-compatible mutant, Osa-Nijisseiki (S2S4sm, sm means stylar part mutant), of Japanese pear. For Nijisseiki, cDNAs coding for two S-RNase (S2-RNase and S4-RNase) and an RNase unrelated to self-incompatibility (non-S-RNase) were cloned from the stylar cDNA library. The cDNAs coding for S2-RNase, S4-RNase, and non-S-RNase include 678-, 684-, and 681-bp open reading frames, respectively. Their deduced amino acid sequences were composed of signal peptides and mature RNases (201-203 residues) which were verified by partial amino acid sequencing. The primary structures of mature proteins revealed that these RNases are of the RNase T2 type; only the two S-RNases have several potential N-glycosylation sites and 60% of their amino acid residues are identical, compared with 25% sequence identity with the non-S-RNase. Such a distinct difference in the primary structures between S-RNases and non-S-RNase has not previously been reported and may be a feature typical of S-RNases in the family Rosaceae. Similar experiments were performed for Osa-Nijisseiki. The cDNAs coding for S2-RNase and non-S-RNase were similarly cloned from the stylar cDNA library. However, the cDNA coding for S4-RNase was neither amplified by PCR nor cloned from the library, suggesting that the mutation of self-incompatible Nijisseiki to self-compatible Osa-Nijisseiki is due to a failure of expression of S4-RNase. These results lead to the idea that Osa-Nijiisseiki is a variant of Nijisseiki in which the S4-allelic gene in the S-locus is exclusively mutated or deleted, causing severely impaired or suppressed expression of its gene product, S4-RNase, at the style.