gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schistosoma haematobium infection is associated with lower serum cholesterol levels and improved lipid profile in overweight/obese individuals (2020)

Infection with parasitic helminths has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, lowering the risk for type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about its impact on whole-body lipid homeostasis, especially in obese individuals. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was carried out in lean and overweight/obese adults residing in the Lambaréné region of Gabon, an area endemic for Schistosoma haematobium. Helminth infection status, peripheral blood immune cell counts, and serum metabolic and lipid/lipoprotein levels were analyzed. We found that urine S. haematobium egg-positive individuals exhibited lower serum total cholesterol (TC; 4.42 vs 4.01 mmol/L, adjusted mean difference [95%CI] -0.30 [-0.68,-0.06]; P = 0.109), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C (1.44 vs 1.12 mmol/L, -0.24 [-0.43,-0.06]; P = 0.009) and triglyceride (TG; 0.93 vs 0.72 mmol/L, -0.20 [-0.39,-0.03]; P = 0.022) levels than egg-negative individuals. However, when stratified according to body mass index, these effects were only observed in overweight/obese infected individuals. Similarly, significant negative correlations between the intensity of infection, assessed by serum circulating anodic antigen (CAA) concentrations, and TC (r = -0.555; P<0.001), HDL-C (r = -0.327; P = 0.068), LDL-C (r = -0.396; P = 0.025) and TG (r = -0.381; P = 0.032) levels were found in overweight/obese individuals but not in lean subjects. Quantitative lipidomic analysis showed that circulating levels of some lipid species associated with cholesterol-rich lipoprotein particles were also significantly reduced in overweight/obese infected individuals in an intensity-dependent manner. In conclusion, we reported that infection with S. haematobium is associated with improved lipid profile in overweight/obese individuals, a feature that might contribute reducing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in such population.
Rational Choice and Action Omnipotence (2002)

Research Article| January 01 2002 Rational Choice and Action Omnipotence John L. Pollock John L. Pollock Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Philosophical Review (2002) 111 (1): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1215/00318108-111-1-1 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation John L. Pollock; Rational Choice and Action Omnipotence. The Philosophical Review 1 January 2002; 111 (1): 1–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00318108-111-1-1 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsThe Philosophical Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Cornell University2002 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Front Matter You do not currently have access to this content.
Actinomycete metabolism: origin of the guanidine groups in streptomycin (1954)

Research Article| October 01 1954 Actinomycete metabolism: origin of the guanidine groups in streptomycin G. D. Hunter; G. D. Hunter 1Glaxo Laboratories, Ltd., Sefton Park, Stoke Poges, Bucks Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Mary Herbert; Mary Herbert 1Glaxo Laboratories, Ltd., Sefton Park, Stoke Poges, Bucks Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar D. J. D. Hockenhull D. J. D. Hockenhull 1Glaxo Laboratories, Ltd., Sefton Park, Stoke Poges, Bucks Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Biochem J (1954) 58 (2): 249–254. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580249 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation G. D. Hunter, Mary Herbert, D. J. D. Hockenhull; Actinomycete metabolism: origin of the guanidine groups in streptomycin. Biochem J 1 October 1954; 58 (2): 249–254. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580249 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The mode of action alginic acid compound in the reduction of gastroesophageal reflux. (1979)

This study was designed to evaluate quantitatively the mode of action of alginic acid compound (AAC) in the treatment of patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroesophageal scintigraphy using an orall administered Tc-99m sulfur colloid solution was used to demonstrate that AAC decreased significantly the gastroesophageal reflux index from (9.9 +/- 1.3) % to (6.5 +/- 0.8) % (p less than 0.05). No alteration of lower esophageal sphincter pressure was observed. After ACC was suitably labeled with Sr-87m, a dual-nuclide scintigraphic technique was used to show that most (greater than 75%) of the AAC was located in the upper half of the stomach in both normal subjects and patients with gastroesophageal reflux. In those subjects in whom reflux did occur after treatment with AAC, the Sr-87m-AAC refluxed into the esophagus preferentially compared with the liquid containing Tc-99m sulfur colloid. These findings suggest that AAC dimishes gastroesophageal reflux by means of its foaming, floating, and viscous properties.
Thermal Investigation of GaN-Based Laser Diode Package (2007)

We investigated thermal behavior of GaN-based laser diode (LD) packages as a function of cooling systems, die attaching materials, chip loading conditions, and optical performances. The electrical thermal transient technique was employed for the thermal measurement of junction temperature and thermal resistance of LD packages. The results demonstrate that the total thermal resistance of LD packages is controlled mainly by the packaging design rather than the chip structure itself. Significant changes in thermal resistance with input current were observed under a natural cooling system because of the sensitive change in the heat transfer coefficient with the change in temperature. Employment of PbSn as a die attachment was more advantageous over the Ag-paste in the thermal behavior of LD packages. The LD package with epi-down structure resulted in the lower thermal resistance compared to one with epi-up structure. A continuous increase in junction temperature was measured after lasing. It was attributed to an increase in the thermal resistance of LD when it took the optical power into an account. Effective input power was decreased by the lasing and led to high thermal resistance values.
Annual incidence (/100000 inhabitants) of listeriosis, Materno-Neonatal (MN) listeriosis and non-Materno-Neonatal listeriosis in Belgium between 1985 and 2014. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;Annual incidence (/100000 inhabitants) of listeriosis, Materno-Neonatal (MN) listeriosis and non-Materno-Neonatal listeriosis in Belgium between 1985 and 2014.&lt;/p&gt;
Boron analogs of the .alpha.-amino acids. Synthesis, x-ray crystal structure, and biological activity of ammonia-carboxyborane, the boron analog of glycine (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoron analogs of the .alpha.-amino acids. Synthesis, x-ray crystal structure, and biological activity of ammonia-carboxyborane, the boron analog of glycineBernard F. Spielvogel, Mrinal K. Das, Andrew T. McPhail, Kay D. Onan, and Iris H. HallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 20, 6343–6344Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00540a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (310 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simulation of Load Cycles in Pressurized SOFC Systems and Economic Evaluation (2010)

As known from literature [1], the pressurization of SOFC systems may lead to increased efficiencies and higher power output. These benefits will have to be utilized in future power generation in order to meet the requirements of higher electrical power demand as well as the goals of lower emissions. Operating a hybrid power plant at full load only is not always an option. Small power plants have to be able to run in load-following mode in order to keep the load of the grid low. By alternating the power of the gas turbine, a hybrid power plant would only be capable of following load in a band of 100 to 80%. Therefore, load alternation of the SOFC system is crucial for the operation of a hybrid power plant. The model of an SOFC system in a hybrid power plant has been presented before [2]. In this presentation we focus on the load-following capability of the modelled SOFC system. A series of step responses in load demand was applied to the system model, giving a close insight into the systems dynamic capabilities. These step responses will be discussed in detail and rules for dynamic system operation will be developed from these simulations. These rules have to be applied in order to keep the system within safe operation boundaries. Further complete load cycle simulations will be presented based on typical household load demands showing the dynamic capability of the pressurized fuel cell system. The prospects of pressurized SOFC systems in stationary power generation will be discussed on the basis of economical considerations. The operation of the SOFC at full load operation as well as at dynamic load conditions will be considered. 1. Virkar, The effect of pressure on solid oxide fuel cell performance. 1997, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, University of Utah, Department of Material's Science and Engineering. 2. F. Leucht and K. A. Friedrich, "SOFC System Modelling in the Hybrid Power Plant Project," in Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Fuel Cell Modelling and Experimental Validation, Bad Herrenalb (Germany) (2009).
Written-domain language modeling for automatic speech recognition (2013)

Language modeling for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems has been traditionally in the verbal domain. In this paper, we present finite-state modeling techniques that we developed for language modeling in the written domain. The first technique we describe is for the verbalization of written-domain vocabulary items, which include lexical and non-lexical entities. The second technique is the decomposition–recomposition approach to address the out-of-vocabulary (OOV) and the data sparsity problems with non-lexical entities such as URLs, email addresses, phone numbers, and dollar amounts. We evaluate the proposed written-domain language modeling approaches on a very large vocabulary speech recognition system for English. We show that the written-domain language modeling improves the speech recognition and the ASR transcript rendering accuracy in the written domain over a baseline system using a verbal-domain language model. In addition, the writtendomain system is much simpler since it does not require complex and error-prone text normalization and denormalization rules, which are generally required for verbal-domain language modeling.
Epitope-Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for the Detection of Serum Antibodies to West Nile Virus in Multiple Avian Species (2003)

We report the development of epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the rapid detection of serum antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) in taxonomically diverse North American avian species. A panel of flavivirus-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was tested in blocking assays with serum samples from WNV-infected chickens and crows. Selected MAbs were further tested against serum samples from birds that represented 16 species and 10 families. Serum samples were collected from birds infected with WNV or Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and from noninfected control birds. Serum samples from SLEV-infected birds were included in these experiments because WNV and SLEV are closely related antigenically, are maintained in similar transmission cycles, and have overlapping geographic distributions. The ELISA that utilized MAb 3.1112G potentially discriminated between WNV and SLEV infections, as all serum samples from WNV-infected birds and none from SLEV-infected birds were positive in this assay. Assays with MAbs 2B2 and 6B6C-1 readily detected serum antibodies in all birds infected with WNV and SLEV, respectively, and in most birds infected with the other virus. Two other MAbs partially discriminated between infections with these two viruses. Serum samples from most WNV-infected birds but no SLEV-infected birds were positive with MAb 3.67G, while almost all serum samples from SLEV-infected birds but few from WNV-infected birds were positive with MAb 6B5A-5. The blocking assays reported here provide a rapid, reliable, and inexpensive diagnostic and surveillance technique to monitor WNV activity in multiple avian species.
Magnetic refrigeration materials (invited) (1999)

Research on the magnetocaloric effect and its application for cooling near room temperature over the past few years has helped to move this phenomenon from a scientific curiosity to an emerging technology. Two of the most important advances include the demonstration which proved that it is possible to obtain significant cooling powers (600 W) at high Carnot efficiencies (60%) and with a large coefficient of performance (15) near room temperature in moderately strong magnetic fields (⩽5 T); and the discovery of the giant magnetocaloric effect in the Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 series of alloys. Also, new knowledge about the magnetocaloric effect has been gained. This includes: the relationship between the nature of the magnetic transformation(s) and the temperature dependence of the magnetocaloric effect, the entropy utilized in the magnetocaloric process, and the role of impurities on the giant magnetocaloric effect.
Two genes, COL4A3 and COL4A4 coding for the human α3(IV) and α4(IV) collagen chains are arranged head‐to‐head on chromosome 2q361 (1998)

We first isolated and characterized genomic DNA fragments that cover the 5' flanking sequences of COL4A3 and COL4A4 encoding the human basement membrane alpha3(IV) and alpha4(IV) collagen chains, respectively. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that the two genes are arranged head-to-head. To determine transcription start site for COL4A4 gene, we performed RACE and RNase protection assays, indicating that there are two alternative transcripts presumably derived from two different promoters. Interestingly, one transcription start site (from exon 1') of COL4A4 is only 5 bp away from the reported transcription start site of COL4A3, whereas the other transcript (from exon 1) starts 373 nucleotides downstream from the first one, generating the two kinds of transcripts that differ in the 5' UTR regions. Expression of these two transcripts appears tissue-specific; exon 1 transcript was expressed predominantly in epithelial cells, while exon 1' transcript showed rather ubiquitous and low expression. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter region is composed of dense CpG dinucleotides, GC boxes, CTC boxes and a CCAAT box but no TATA box. These results provide information to delineate the promoter activity for the tissue-specific expression of the six type IV collagen genes and basement membrane assembly in different tissues and organs.
The Golden Target: Analyzing the Tracking Performance of Leveraged Gold\n ETFs (2015)

This paper studies the empirical tracking performance of leveraged ETFs on\ngold, and their price relationships with gold spot and futures. For tracking\nthe gold spot, we find that our optimized portfolios with short-term gold\nfutures are highly effective in replicating prices. The market-traded gold ETF\n(GLD) also exhibits a similar tracking performance. However, we show that\nleveraged gold ETFs tend to underperform their corresponding leveraged\nbenchmark. Moreover, the underperformance worsens over a longer holding period.\nIn contrast, we illustrate that a dynamic portfolio of gold futures tracks\nsignificantly better than various static portfolios. The dynamic portfolio also\nconsistently outperforms the respective market-traded LETFs for different\nleverage ratios over multiple years.\n
Drug-induced cholestasis (2011)

Recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of bile formation and cholestasis have led to new insights into the pathogenesis of drug-induced cholestasis. This review summarizes their variable clinical presentations, examines the role of transport proteins in hepatic drug clearance and toxicity, and addresses the increasing importance of genetic determinants, as well as practical aspects of diagnosis and management.
A Survey on Fault Injection Techniques (2003)

Abstract: Fault tolerant circuits are currently required in several major application sectors. Besides and in complement to other possible approaches such as proving or analytical modeling whose applicability and accuracy are significantly restricted in the case of complex fault tolerant systems, fault-injection has been recognized to be particularly attractive and valuable. Fault injection provides a method of assessing the dependability of a system under test. It involves inserting faults into a system and monitoring the system to determine its behavior in response to a fault. Several fault injection techniques have been proposed and practically experimented. They can be grouped into hardware-based fault injection, software-based fault injection, simulation-based fault injection, emulation-based fault injection and hybrid fault injection. This paper presents a survey on fault injection techniques with comparison of the different injection techniques and an overview on the different tools.
CONTACTING A SINGLE C60 MOLECULE (1994)

A description of the tunneling channel through a C60 molecule is presented with its implications for imaging the internal structure of C60 using STM. The approach of an STM tip from tunneling to mechanical and contact with a C60 molecule adsorbed on a Au(110) surface is characterized using the experimental and calculated current distance characteristics. The term electrical transparence is introduced to characterize the ability of a molecule in the tip apex surface nanoscopic cavity to participate to the electron transfer process. It is influenced both by the mechanics of the tip approach process and the modification of the electronic structure of the molecule interacting with the W tip apex and the Au(110) surface in the cavity.
Partial purification and properties of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase of ox liver (1978)

1. A branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase was partially purified from ox liver mitochondria. 2. The preparation oxidized 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate and D- and L-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The apparent Km values for the oxo acids and for thiamin pyrophosphate, CoA, NAD+ and Mg2+ were determined. 3. The oxidation of each oxo acid was inhibited by isovaleryl (3-methylbutyryl)-CoA (competitive with CoA) and by NADH (competitive with NAD+); Ki values were determined. 4. The preparation showed substrate inhibition with each 2-oxo acid. The oxidative decarboxylation of 4-methyl-2-oxo[1-14C]pentanoate was inhibited by 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate and DL-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, but not by pyruvate. The Vmax. with 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate as variable substrate was not increased by the presence of each of the other 2-oxo acids. 5. Ox heart pyruvate dehydrogenase did not oxidize these branched-chain 2-oxo acids and it was not inhibited by isovaleryl-CoA. The branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase activity (unlike that of pyruvate dehydrogenase) was not inhibited by acetyl-CoA. 6. It is concluded that the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase activity is distinct from that of pyruvate dehydrogenase, and that a single complex may oxidize all three branched-chain 2-oxo acids.
Radical-induced cationic frontal polymerisation for prepreg technology (2021)

Abstract In this study, a new type of prepreg technology has been established using a dual curing system consisting of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and frontally polymerisable components based on the epoxide resin. The study of the polymerisation of HDDA revealed ( tert -butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate (BCPC) as the most suitable radical thermal initiator. The presence of BCPC resulted in a fast radical polymerisation of HDDA and no cationic ring-opening reaction of the epoxy, which was observed by monitoring the double bond and epoxy group conversion in real time-NIR rheology measurement. The formed prepreg can subsequently be cured by radical-induced cationic frontal polymerisation of the epoxy resin. Effects of HDDA amount on the radical polymerisation, stiffness of the gel, frontal parameters and thermal mechanical properties of final polymers were investigated. With 10 wt% HDDA, the formed prepreg has very good storage stability, which was proved by monitoring the epoxy group conversion during 4 months of storage at 50 °C while still a stable front can be obtained. Furthermore, the RICFP-prepregs with different fibre contents were prepared and polymerised by RICFP. Then, a snowflake composite was successfully produced using RICFP-prepreg. Graphic abstract
Synergistic effect of picosecond optical and nanosecond electrical pulses on dielectric breakdown in aqueous solutions (2021)

The combined effect of short (picosecond) optical and (nanosecond) electrical pulses on dielectric breakdown is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It was demonstrated that nanosecond electrical pulses (nsEPs), being applied simultaneously with picosecond optical pulses, reduce the threshold for optical breakdown. Experimental results are discussed with respect to an extended model for opto-electrical-induced breakdown. The newly unveiled effect is expected to play a significant role in spatially confined electroporation and further advances in laser-ablation-based processes while also allowing for measurements of ambipolar diffusion constants.