gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclosporine therapy of aplastic anaemia, congenital and acquired red cell aplasia (1989)

We treated 22 patients with severe aplastic anaemia refractory to antithymocyte globulin (ATG) with cyclosporine, alone or in combination with prednisone. Eight patients showed significant clinical improvement, all but one to transfusion-independence. Although cyclosporine alone was effective, the addition of prednisone resulted in prompter and fuller haematologic improvement. No patient with an absolute granulocyte count less than 0.2 x 10(9)/l responded to treatment. Haematologic remissions were sustained beyond the treatment period. Of nine patients with Diamond-Blackfan syndrome, one showed a complete response to two separate courses of cyclosporine and relapse with withdrawal of therapy, and a second achieved significant reduction in corticosteroid dose without relapse; however, seven cases failed to respond. Two of three adults with acquired pure red cell aplasia recovered. A combination of cyclosporine and corticosteroids may be effective therapy in patients with aplastic anaemia who have failed ATG treatment. Occasional cases of congenital and acquired pure red cell aplasia may also respond to cyclosporine.
Aciers pour traitements thermiques - Propriétés et guide de choix (2002)

Les aciers spéciaux de construction mécanique pour traitements thermiques sont essentiellement des aciers destinés aux mécaniciens qui utilisent le traitement thermique final pour donner à ces aciers des propriétés d’emploi très performantes, tout en profitant des possibilités offertes par un ou plu
Conformational and steric modifications of the pyran ring of the potassium-channel activator cromakalim (1991)

The syntheses of analogues of the novel smooth muscle relaxant cromakalim, in which the C-2 methyl groups have been successively replaced by hydrogen, are described and the relative stereochemistry of the two corresponding, isomeric monomethyl compounds, unambiguously assigned by 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of the 2α-monomethyl compound showed that it existed in a distorted half-chair conformation in the solid state and confirmed the relative orientation of the C-2, C-3 and C-4 substituents. The 2β-Me isomer appeared to exist in a single conformation in solution, with the pyran ring adopting a half-chair conformation and with all the substituents in this ring occupying a pseudoequatorial position. The solution behaviour of the 2α-Me isomer is more complex, however, although it seems likely to exist as a distorted half-chair conformer similar to that found in the solid state. The syntheses of two related benzoxepines are also described. All compounds were less potent than cromakalim itself, which is consistent with the view that dimethyl substitution at C-2 is essential for optimal activity.
Identification of a novel T1151K ALK mutation in a patient with ALK -rearranged NSCLC with prior exposure to crizotinib and ceritinib (2017)

Patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) derive significant clinic benefit from treatment with ALK inhibitors. Crizotinib was the first approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for this distinct molecular subset of NSCLC. Disease progression on TKI inevitably arises secondary to diverse resistance mechanisms among which emergence of secondary ALK mutations is one of many ways in which tumor cells have adapted to survive. Therefore there is a clinical imperative to identify acquired ALK mutations via repeat tissue biopsy if clinically feasible. If such is present, switching to a different TKI with known clinical activities against the emergent resistance mutation (s) may pose a viable treatment option. Here we report for the first time a novel ALK T1151K mutation in a patient with metastatic ALK-rearranged NSCLC who progressed on crizotinib and then ceritinib. The co-crystal structure of ceritinib/ALK demonstrates a strong interaction between ceritinib and the P-loop which is facilitated by T1151 on the β3 sheet, a feature not present in the alectinib/ALK or lorlatinib/ALK co-crystal structure. It is predicated that the T1151K mutation weakens these interactions leading to drug resistance, or causes conformational changes of the ALK catalytic domain resulting in higher affinity for ATP and therefore diminished inhibitor binding. We conclude that the T1151K ALK mutation confers resistance to ceritinib, which may be rescued by alectinib or lorlatinib as evidenced by this clinical narrative.
Differential development of vascular and cardiac hypertrophy in genetic hypertension. Relation to sympathetic function. (1989)

We compared blood pressure, hindquarter vascular resistance properties, left ventricular weight, and norepinephrine kinetics, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and weight-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at 4, 9, 14, 20, 30, and 50 weeks of age. At 4 weeks, systolic and mean blood pressure measurements were the same in both strains, but the vascular resistance of the fully dilated hindquarter bed was significantly higher in SHR than in WKY rats, with a much larger difference during maximum constriction. Plots of resistance at maximum dilatation and at maximum constriction against body weight suggest that a component of the increase in vascular muscle mass in SHR occurred in the neonatal period preceding hypertension followed by a later component related to the rise in blood pressure. By contrast, left ventricular hypertrophy was minimal at 4 weeks and most of its development paralleled the rise in blood pressure. Sympathetic activity, assessed by norepinephrine fractional rate constant, was higher in SHR than in WKY rats in the left ventricle and kidney through most of the period between 4 and 50 weeks, but was similar in both strains in the muscle bed. This pattern of sympathetic activity will accentuate hypertension once cardiac and vascular hypertrophy are fully established. In all regions, norepinephrine tissue concentration was higher in young SHR and could potentiate the trophic effects of growth factors in early vascular hypertrophy. We suggest that the initial (primary) component of vascular hypertrophy precedes the rise in blood pressure and may be critical in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Possible reasons for the short delay in the rise in blood pressure in young SHR, once the vascular "amplifier" has been established, include high vascularity, immaturity of smooth muscle, and delay in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Nucleus Accumbens and Dopamine-Mediated Turning Behavior of the Rat: Role of Accumbal Non-dopaminergic Receptors (2012)

Accumbal dopamine plays an important role in physiological responses and diseases such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and depression. Since the nucleus accumbens contains different neurotransmitters, it is important to know how they interact with dopaminergic function: this is because modifying accumbal dopamine has far-reaching consequences for the treatment of diseases in which accumbal dopamine is involved. This review provides a summary of these interactions, and our current knowledge about them are as follows: A) AMPA receptors are required for dopamine-dependent behavior and vice versa; NMDA receptors modulate the activity at the level of AMPA and/or dopamine D₁ receptors. B) GABA(A), but not GABA(B), receptors inhibit dopamine-dependent behavior. C) Nicotinic receptors are required for dopamine-dependent behavior, whereas muscarinic receptors inhibit dopamine-dependent behavior. D) α-Adrenoceptors inhibit dopamine-dependent behavior in contrast to β-adrenoceptors, which potentiate this behavior. E) μ- and δ₂-opioid receptors elicit behavior that requires an intact dopaminergic function and δ₂-opioid receptors modulate dopamine-dependent behavior. F) Orexin 2 receptors play an important, modifying role in dopamine-dependent behavior. G) Somatostatin receptors potentiate dopamine-dependent behavior. It is suggested that modulation of the above-mentioned non-dopaminergic receptors provide new tools to control physiological functions as well as diseases mediated by accumbal dopamine.
Mechanisms of plasmid stable maintenance with special focus on plasmid addiction systems. (2001)

The stable inheritance of bacterial plasmids is achieved by a number of different mechanisms. Among them are resolution of plasmid oligomers into monomers, active plasmid partitioning into dividing cells and selective killing of plasmid-free segregants. A special focus is given to the last mechanism. It involves a stable toxin and an unstable antidote. The antidotes neutralize their cognate toxins or prevent their synthesis. The different decay rates of the toxins and the antidotes underlie molecular mechanisms of toxin activation in plasmid-free cells. By eliminating of plasmid-free cells from the population of plasmid-bearing ones the toxin-antidote couples therefore act as plasmid addiction systems.
High-Energy Heavy-Ion Irradiation into Bulk Gaas for Sub-Picosecond Wide-Band Efficient Saturable Absorbers (1998)

The technique of high-energy ion irradiation is an interesting alternative to low-temperature epitaxy for reducing the absorption relaxation time in semiconductor materials. The possibility of creating defects of particular structures by heavy-ion irradiation was suggested as early as in 1980, but experimental works [1] only gave indirect indications of this possibility. To our knowledge, there are no comparative measurements of irradiated materials directly showing the particular properties of heavy-ion irradiation for applications to fast and efficient saturable absorbers.
Catheter visualization using locally induced, actively controlled field inhomogeneities (1997)

A new technique for visualization of interventional devices using MR is presented. A prototype catheter was equipped with a thin copper wire loop, leading from the proximal end to the tip and back. A small current (10-150 mA) through these two parts of a wire induces a local magnetic field along the catheter. Introduction of this catheter into the main magnetic field of the MR imager locally disturbs the homogeneity of the magnetic field. Image locations within the locally induced fields appear dark due to signal loss, and the extent of this effect can be varied during the procedure by simply adjusting the current. Different dedicated wire configurations allow visualization of the catheter in its whole length or in parts, i.e., with markers for balloons. Fast gradient echo sequences that provide a bright signal from inflowing blood are used for rapid imaging.
Native pattern defect inspection of EUV mask using advanced electron beam inspection system (2010)

Fabrication of defect free EUV mask is one of the most critical roadblocks for implementing EUV lithography into semiconductor high volume manufacturing for 22nm half-pitch (HP) node and beyond. At the same time, development of quality assurance process for the defect free EUV mask is also another critical challenge we need to address before the mass production. Inspection tools act important role in quality assurance process to ensure the defect free EUV mask. We are currently evaluating two types of inspection system: optical inspection (OPI) system and electron beam inspection (EBI) system [1, 2]. While OPI system is sophisticated technology and has an advantage in throughput, EBI system is superior in sensitivity and extendability to even small pattern. We evaluated sensitivity of EBI system and found it could detect 25 nm defects on 88nm L/S pattern which is as small as target defect size for 23 nm Flash HP pattern in 2013 in 2009 ITRS lithography roadmap [2, 3]. EBI system is effective inspection tool even at this moment to detect such small defects on 88nm HP pattern, though there are still some challenges such as the slow throughput and the reliability. Therefore, EBI system can be used as bridge tool to compensate insufficient sensitivity of current inspection tools and improve EUV mask fabrication process to achieve the defect free EUV mask. In this paper, we will present the results of native pattern defects founded on large field 88nm HP pattern using advance EBI system. We will also classify those defects and propose some ideas to mitigate them and realize the defect free EUV mask, demonstrating the capability of EBI as bridge tool.
IFE Chamber Technology – Status and Future Challenges (2003)

Significant progress has been made on addressing critical issues for inertial fusion energy (IFE) chambers for heavy-ion, laser and Z-pinch drivers. A variety of chamber concepts are being investigated including drywall (currently favored for laser IFE), wetted-wall (applicable to both laser and ion drivers), and thick-liquid-wall (favored by heavy ion and z-pinch drivers). Recent progress and remaining challenges in developing IFE chambers are reviewed.
EventHands: Real-Time Neural 3D Hand Pose Estimation from an Event Stream (2021)

3D hand pose estimation from monocular videos is a long-standing and challenging problem, which is now seeing a strong upturn. In this work, we address it for the first time using a single event camera, i.e., an asynchronous vision sensor reacting on brightness changes. Our EventHands approach has characteristics previously not demonstrated with a single RGB or depth camera such as high temporal resolution at low data throughputs and real-time performance at 1000 Hz. Due to the different data modality of event cameras compared to classical cameras, existing methods cannot be directly applied to and re-trained for event streams. We thus design a new neural approach which accepts a new event stream representation suitable for learning, which is trained on newly-generated synthetic event streams and can generalise to real data. Experiments show that EventHands outperforms recent monocular methods using a colour (or depth) camera in terms of accuracy and its ability to capture hand motions of unprecedented speed. Our method, the event stream simulator and the dataset are publicly available (see https://4dqv.mpi-inf.mpg.de/EventHands/).
Search for B 0 s → μ + μ - decays at DO (2007)

We report results from a search for the decay B 0 s → μ + μ - using 1.3 fb -1 of pp collisions at √ s = 1.96 TeV collected by the DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We find two candidate events, consistent with the expected background of 1.24 ± 0.99, and set an upper limit on the branching fraction of B(B 0 s → μ + μ - ) -7 at the 95% C.L.
[Continuous infusion therapy with low dose cytosine arabinoside and etoposide in acute myelogenous leukemia patients hardly tolerable for intensive combination chemotherapy]. (1995)

We evaluated the efficacy of continuous drip infusion therapy with low dose cytosine arabinoside (AraC) and etoposide (VP16) in poor-condition patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Patients' age ranged from 19 to 85 years with a median of 63 years. Principally they received continuous drip infusion for 14 days with AraC (20 mg/day) and VP16 (50 mg/day). Complete remission (CR) rate was 58.3% (7/12) in untreated cases, 33.3% (2/6) in refractory cases to the standard chemotherapy, and 28.6% (2/7) in relapsed cases. The duration of CR ranged from 1.5 to 20 (+) months (median 8) in untreated group and from 2 to 22 months (median 10) in refractory and relapsed groups. Adverse effects such as gastroenterological symptoms appeared but were tolerable. Although infections due to myelosuppression appeared in 22 of 25 cases, they were well controlled by antibiotics. Chemotherapy-related death was not observed. Although CR rate and CR duration of this therapy were not sufficiently high, the regimen was effective in some patients with refractory or relapsed AML. Further studies are required to establish the efficacy, indication and safety of this treatment.
Temperature Selection by the Darters Etheostoma spectabile and Etheostoma radiosum (Pisces: Percidae) (1980)

Loren G. Hill, William J. Matthews, Temperature Selection by the Darters Etheostoma spectabile and Etheostoma radiosum (Pisces: Percidae), The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 104, No. 2 (Oct., 1980), pp. 412-415
Brief Report: Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ib with Colony-Stimulating Factors (1992)

GLYCOGEN storage disease Type Ib is a rare hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by growth failure, hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, and neutrophil deficiency.1 , 2 Except for the...
Evolving Lose-Checkers players using genetic programming (2010)

We present the application of genetic programming (GP) to the zero-sum, deterministic, full-knowledge board game of Lose Checkers. Our system implements strongly typed GP trees, explicitly defined introns, local mutations, and multi-tree individuals. Explicitly defined introns in the genome allow for information selected out of the population to be kept as a reservoir for possible future use. Multi-tree individuals are implemented by a method inspired by structural genes in living organisms, whereby we take a single tree describing a state evaluator and split it.
Panax ginseng extract rich in ginsenoside protopanaxatriol offers combinatorial effects in nitric oxide production via multiple signaling pathways (2013)

The root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been shown to induce nitric oxide (NO) release resulting in a hypotensive effect. However, the main active component contributing to vascular endothelium relaxation remains uncertain. In this study, we hypothesized that multiple components of ginseng extract might have combinatory effects providing greater health benefits than a single ginsenosides. To test this hypothesis, we compared the NO-releasing and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activating potency of wide range of ginseng extracts (crude extract, CE; protopanaxatriol-enriched extract, TE; protopanaxadiol-enriched extract, DE) and individual ginsenosides (Rg1, Re and Rb1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We found that TE had the highest potency in NO production, followed by CE, DE, and Rg1. We also observed that TE-treatment resulted in rapid activation of intracellular signaling pathways, immediate linear rise of NO, and increased eNOS activation. TE-induced activation of eNOS was abolished by pretreatment with wortmannin (inhibitor for PI3K-Akt), compound C (inhibitor for AMP activated protein kinase, AMPK) or L-NAME (inhibitor for NOS), whereas Rg1-induced eNOS phosphorylation was only partially attenuated. Further analysis revealed that TE, but not Rg1, results in AMPK phosphorylation at Thr(172). These novel finding add evidence that the multiple components of Panax ginseng extract rich in protopanaxatriol offers combinatorial effects in NO production and vascular endothelium relaxation via multiple signaling pathways.
LSTM Based on the Classification of Emotion about User Evaluation on Shopping Site (2016)

The user evaluation of shopping websites always has huge amounts of data which is a waste of manpower and material resources. Aiming at this problem, this paper puts forward a model based on LSTM and word vectors [1]. LSTM can be a very good solution because of the long distance learning of the neural nodes to forward neural nodes of declining awareness, thus LSTM neural network model can be better to finish the task of user sentiment analysis.
Stability of anti‐A blood group titers among blood group B renal transplant candidates (2018)

Although patients experience some variability in anti-A titers over time, in most cases, stability did not affect candidate eligibility. Our results indicate that regular testing beyond the second titer may be unnecessary and represent test overutilization.
Separated After a Disaster: Trust and Privacy Issues in Sharing Children’s Personal Information (2019)

Guardians are willing to share their children's information to facilitate reunification after disasters, but have privacy concerns.
Specification of absorbed-sound power in the ear canal: Application to suppression of stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions (2011)

An insert ear-canal probe including sound source and microphone can deliver a calibrated sound power level to the ear. The aural power absorbed is proportional to the product of mean-squared forward pressure, ear-canal area, and absorbance, in which the sound field is represented using forward (reverse) waves traveling toward (away from) the eardrum. Forward pressure is composed of incident pressure and its multiple internal reflections between eardrum and probe. Based on a database of measurements in normal-hearing adults from 0.22 to 8 kHz, the transfer-function level of forward relative to incident pressure is boosted below 0.7 kHz and within 4 dB above. The level of forward relative to total pressure is maximal close to 4 kHz with wide variability across ears. A spectrally flat incident-pressure level across frequency produces a nearly flat absorbed power level, in contrast to 19 dB changes in pressure level. Calibrating an ear-canal sound source based on absorbed power may be useful in audiological and research applications. Specifying the tip-to-tail level difference of the suppression tuning curve of stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions in terms of absorbed power reveals increased cochlear gain at 8 kHz relative to the level difference measured using total pressure.
Friction modelling of tribofilm performance in a bench tribometer for automotive engine lubricants (2008)

Research focusing on the initial stages of the development of an empirical model to predict friction in boundary and mixed lubrication conditions accounting for additive and surface interactions is reported in this article. The regression model was constructed by applying a fractional factorial design statistical approach. The model considers a typical friction modifier, molybdenum dithiocarbamate, in a model automotive engine lubricant also containing zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in a synthetic polyalphaolefin base oil under conditions representative of the cam and follower interface in an automotive engine. Operating temperature, sliding speed, load, initial surface roughness, and the initial lambda ratio were taken as the factors affecting tribological performance. The empirical model predicts friction at 95 per cent confidence level within the specific range of parameters considered in the experiments. Not surprisingly, molybdenum dithiocarbamate is mainly responsible for the reduction of friction of the tribofilm, whereas temperature, sliding speed, and load are the other significant parameters.
Antagonists of PAF and histamine inhibit ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmias in sensitized guinea-pigs. (1991)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) seems to be involved in different pathophysiological conditions, including cardiac arrhythmia. The arrhythmogenic potency of PAF has been shown experimentally by different methods. PAF antagonists inhibit the PAF-induced enhanced arrhythmogenicity. The present paper demonstrates that the threshold dose of ouabain-induced arrhythmia is decreased in sensitized guinea-pigs. Antagonists of PAF (BN 52021, WEB 2086, WEB 2170) and histamine antagonist clemastine can increase the threshold dose of ouabain-induced arrhythmia. A combination of WEB 2170 and clemastine, each of the drug is a low dose which is without effect when applying one of them only, shows a highly significant antiarrhythmic effect in this method. The threshold dose of ouabain necessary to induce ventricular flutter was increased from 89 micrograms/kg to 129 micrograms/kg and the threshold dose of ventricular fibrillation was enhanced from 101 micrograms/kg to 137 micrograms/kg. In dependence on the pathophysiological conditions, different mediators seem to be involved in the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmia. Therapeutically influencing these mediators could be a real chance to optimise the treatment of such kind of cardiac arrhythmias.