gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A relational approach to interprocedural shape analysis (2010)

This article addresses the verification of properties of imperative programs with recursive procedure calls, heap-allocated storage, and destructive updating of pointer-valued fields, that is, interprocedural shape analysis . The article makes three contributions. — It introduces a new method for abstracting relations over memory configurations for use in abstract interpretation. — It shows how this method furnishes the elements needed for a compositional approach to shape analysis. In particular, abstracted relations are used to represent the shape transformation performed by a sequence of operations, and an overapproximation to relational composition can be performed using the meet operation of the domain of abstracted relations. — It applies these ideas in a new algorithm for context-sensitive interprocedural shape analysis. The algorithm creates procedure summaries using abstracted relations over memory configurations, and the meet-based composition operation provides a way to apply the summary transformer for a procedure P at each call site from which P is called. The algorithm has been applied successfully to establish properties of both (i) recursive programs that manipulate lists and (ii) recursive programs that manipulate binary trees.
A Hybrid Belief Rule-Based Classification System Based on Uncertain Training Data and Expert Knowledge (2015)

In some real-world classification applications, such as target recognition, both training data collected by sensors and expert knowledge may be available. These two types of information are usually independent and complementary, and both are useful for classification. In this paper, a hybrid belief rule-based classification system (HBRBCS) is developed to make joint use of these two types of information. The belief rule structure, which is capable of capturing fuzzy, imprecise, and incomplete causal relationships, is used as the common representation model. With the belief rule structure, a data-driven belief rule base (DBRB) and a knowledge-driven belief rule base (KBRB) are learned from uncertain training data and expert knowledge, respectively. A fusion algorithm is proposed to combine the DBRB and KBRB to obtain an optimal hybrid belief rule base (HBRB). A belief reasoning and decision-making module is then developed to classify a query pattern based on the generated HBRB. An airborne target classification problem in the air surveillance system is studied to demonstrate the performance of the proposed HBRBCS for combining both uncertain sensor measurements and expert knowledge to make classification.
Two Unrelated Undervirilized 46,XY Males with Inherited NR5A1 Variants Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing (2016)

We describe two novel NR5A1 variants, demonstrating mutations in this gene as a common cause of milder cases of 46,XY undervirilization. Whole-exome sequencing results yielded the diagnosis in 2 out of 10 cases without a previous diagnosis, supporting the value of this approach. Significant genotype-phenotype variability was also noted with Subject 1's paternal inheritance from his unaffected father.
Amorphous CdO‐In2O3 Electrode for Perovskite‐Based Bifacial and Tandem Photovoltaic Technologies with High Energy Production (2021)

Energy production of perovskite‐based photovoltaic (PV) technology can be increased not only by improving device efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) but also by innovative concepts such as bifacial and tandem configurations which require low‐damage and highly transparent top electrodes. Herein, an amorphous CdO‐In 2 O 3 alloy film with high transparency and low resistivity and its application in a bifacial PVSC and a perovskite/Si 4T tandem solar cell are reported. Due to the high optical transmittance, the CdO‐In 2 O 3 ‐based PVSC shows a high bifaciality factor of 84.0%, and the CdO‐In 2 O 3 ‐based perovskite/Si 4T tandem solar cell achieves a champion power conversion efficiency of 25.12%, much higher than the indium tin oxide based tandem cell. Finally, a yearly energy yield calculation and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) analysis for these PV technologies (together with Si single‐junction solar cells as a reference) in Singapore, Australia, and Germany are conducted. The results demonstrate the potential of CdO‐In 2 O 3 ‐based perovskite PV technologies, yet more efforts are still required to further reduce the manufacturing cost to achieve competitive LCOE values in countries with relatively low PV installation cost.
Cool Patches: A Geometric Approach to Ray/Bilinear Patch Intersections (2019)

We find intersections between a ray and a nonplanar bilinear patch using simple geometrical constructs. The new algorithm improves the state of the art performance by over 6× and is faster than approximating a patch with two triangles.
A morphological polynomial transform (1993)

It is shown that, using grayscale morphology and a set of functions related to orthogonal polynomials-defined on a window-as structuring elements, a signal representation analogous to the polynomial transform can be developed. The geometric decomposition of a signal is achieved by windowing and using a morphological opening operation to approximate the windowed signal with each of the structuring elements. The resulting representation is made to resemble an orthogonal expansion by constraining the result of opening to be equal to the structuring function. Properties of the recursive decomposition algorithm make it possible to develop an algorithm for calculating a set of coefficients used in the reconstruction. The analysis and synthesis of one-dimensional signals are illustrated with an image data compression example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Performance of a multi-tubular Fischer–Tropsch reactor with two catalytic zones of different intrinsic chemical activity (2022)

The effect of axial distribution of the intrinsic catalytic activity on the performance of a multi-tubular fixed bed Fischer–Tropsch reactor was investigated.
Myosin heavy chain composition of different skeletal muscles in Large White and Meishan pigs1 (2004)

Four major sarcomeric myosin heavy chains (MyHC) (i.e., I, IIa, IIx, and IIb) are expressed in pig skeletal muscle during postnatal development. The objective of the current study was to compare MyHC composition at mRNA and protein levels in LM, a fast-twitch glycolytic muscle, and rhomboideus (RM), a mixed slow- and fast-twitch oxido-glycolytic muscle, between two pig breeds exhibiting dramatic differences in postnatal muscle growth and meat quality. Eight Large White (LW) and eight Meishan (MS) females were fed under the same standard conditions, and slaughtered at an average BW of 62 kg (131 and 142 d in LW and MS pigs, respectively). In addition to conventional fiber typing by histoenzymology, MyHC composition was analyzed by combining immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, and a newly developed real-time PCR assay. Enzyme activities of lactate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and beta-hydroxy-acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase were used as markers of glycolytic, oxidative and beta-oxidation capacities, respectively. Results showed that conventional fiber typing in three classes by histoenzymology was insufficient in LM. For the first time, four monoclonal antibodies specific of each MyHC isoform, working in immunocytochemistry, were used. Our results are consistent with the sequential I<-->IIa<-->IIx<-->IIb MyHC transition rule. Breed effect on MyHC composition differed between muscle types. In LM of MS pigs, a shift from IIb to IIx, and to a lesser extent, to IIa, occurred without affecting type I MyHC. In RM, where IIb is absent, a shift from IIx to type I occurred, with a slight decrease in the IIa isoform. Effects were very similar at the mRNA and protein levels, suggesting a transcriptional regulation. In both muscles, MS pigs exhibited a decrease in the relative fiber type specific expression of the fastest isoform (i.e., IIb in LM and IIx in RM). The shift toward a slower phenotype in MS pigs was consistent with a less glycolytic and more oxidative metabolism, potentially using more lipids as fuel. A dramatic increase in cross-sectional area of type I fibers in RM (+27%) and a decrease in that of the fastest IIb fibers in LM (-25%) were observed in MS pigs. Overall, interpretation of earlier data regarding muscle fiber type has been flawed by inaccurate fiber typing in most pig skeletal muscles.
Theory of Seebeck ratchet in a noncentrosymmetric electron-phonon coupled system (2021)

A thermoelectric effect of the noncentrosymmetric electron-phonon coupled system is proposed, in which a temperature difference between electrons and phonons, instead of a spatial temperature gradient, induces an electric current. This is a realization of the Seebeck ratchet in solids with the asymmetric energy dispersion of electrons, and the dynamical phonons act as the fluctuation of the scalar potential and induce the dc current. Possible realizations of this mechanism are also discussed.
60 GHz Indoor Networking through Flexible Beams (2015)

60 GHz technology holds tremendous potential to upgrade wireless link throughput to Gbps level. To overcome inherent vulnerability to attenuation, 60 GHz radios communicate by forming highly-directional electronically-steerable beams. Standards like IEEE 802.11ad have tailored MAC/PHY protocols to such flexible-beam 60 GHz networks. However, lack of a reconfigurable platform has thwarted a realistic proof-of-concept evaluation. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth measurement of indoor 60 GHz networks using a first-of-its-kind software-radio platform. Our measurement focuses on the link-level behavior with three major perspectives: (i) coverage and bit-rate of a single link, and implications for 60 GHz MIMO; (ii) impact of beam-steering on network performance, particularly under human blockage and device mobility; (iii) spatial reuse between flexible beams. Our study dispels some common myths, and reveals key challenges in maintaining robust flexible-beam connection. We propose new principles that can tackle such challenges based on unique properties of 60 GHz channel and cognitive capability of 60 GHz links.
Guest Editoral Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Transmission of Information and Power (2021)

The papers in this special section focuses on signal processing advances in wireless transmission of power and information. Wireless power transfer (WPT) and wireless information and power transfer (WIPT) have received growing attention in the research community in the past few years. In this special issue, a total of fourteen papers present state-of-the-art results in the broad area of wireless transmission of information and power with a special emphasis on signal processing advances. The special issue starts with a guest editor-authored tutorial overview paper that reviews the signal processing, machine learning, sensing, and computing techniques, challenges and opportunities in future networks based on WPT and WIPT.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Oxidation of Methyl Groups in Dimethylanisoles. (1988)

Abstract The dimethylanisoles (I) are regiospecifically oxidized at one methyl group using copper(II) sulfate and peroxodisulfate to yield the aldehydes (II).
FastDTW: Toward Accurate Dynamic Time Warping in Linear Time and Space (2004)

The dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is able to find the optimal alignment between two time series. It is often used to determine time series similarity, classification, and to find corresponding regions between two time series. DTW has a quadratic time and space complexity that limits its use to only small time series data sets. In this paper we introduce FastDTW, an approximation of DTW that has a linear time and space complexity. FastDTW uses a multilevel approach that recursively projects a solution from a coarse resolution and refines the projected solution. We prove the linear time and space complexity of FastDTW both theoretically and empirically. We also analyze the accuracy of FastDTW compared to two other existing approximate DTW algorithms: Sakoe-Chuba Bands and Data Abstraction. Our results show a large improvement in accuracy over the existing methods.
Positive temperature coefficient of coercivity in Sm1−xDyx(Co0.695Fe0.2Cu0.08Zr0.025)7.2 magnets with spin-reorientation-transition cell boundary phases (2015)

Positive temperature coefficients of coercivity are first obtained in the series of Sm1−xDyx (Co0.695Fe0.2Cu0.08Zr0.025)7.2 magnets. The temperature range with a positive temperature coefficient of coercivity is gradually moving to higher temperature with the increase of x. Thermal magnetic analysis shows a spin reorientation transition of cell boundary phase in these magnets. It is interesting to find the abnormal coercivity is controlled by the spin-reorientation-transition cell boundary phases, and the spin reorientation temperature of cell boundary phase is consisted with the start point of the temperature range with abnormal behavior. The different temperature coefficients are discussed in terms of a nucleation model.
A Discussion on the Relationship between the M8.1 Earthquake Occurred in the West of Kunlun Mountain Pass and the Anomaly of WaterRadon in Gansu Province (2005)

By analyzing the water radon data from the observatories in the southeast of Gansu province before the M8.1 earthquake occurred in the west of Kunlun Mountain pass on Nov.14,2001,we find that it had a long time descending process of water radon in the observation spots of Wushan No.1 spring,Wushan No.22 well,Qingshui hotspring,Tianshui Huaniu,Wudu and Tongwei hotspring before the earthquake.These observation spots had gotten right to the normal level about one year before or after the earthquake.
BALR-6 regulates cell growth and cell survival in B-lymphoblastic leukemia (2015)

Our findings support a role for the novel lncRNA BALR-6 in promoting cell survival in B-ALL. Furthermore, this lncRNA influences gene expression in B-ALL in a manner consistent with a function in transcriptional regulation. Specifically, our findings suggest that BALR-6 expression regulates the transcriptome downstream of SP1, and that this may underlie the function of BALR-6 in B-ALL.
Size effects in Pb-alloy Josephson junctions (1984)

Five Pb-alloy Josephson junctions of various sizes were fabricated together and variations in their electrical parameters were studied. The dependence of the excess current on the junction geometric dimensions is demonstrated. As the area to perimeter ratio of the junction is increased, there is a proportional decrease in excess current density. A simple analysis indicates that there is an insignificant contribution to excess current through the interior planar area of the junction with most of the excess current generated at the edges.
Methyl 9(10)‐carboxystearate by catalytic oxidation of hydroformylated oleate (1972)

Abstract Methyl 9(10)‐formylstearate from hydroformylated oleate is autoxidized effectively to the corresponding carboxystearate in the presence of metal naphthenates at 20 C. Up to 95% conversion is obtained by treatment with Ca naphthenate for 24 hr. Catalyst activity based on disappearance of formylstearate approximates the following order: Co&gt;Pb&gt;Mn&gt;Ce&gt;Fe&gt;Zr&gt;Ca. Decreasing yields of carboxyester obtained with different catalysts follow the approximate order: Ca&gt;Pb≈Fe≈Zr≈Mn&gt;Co&gt;Ce. The active redox metal catalysts such as Co, Ce and Mn produce varying amounts of methyl stearate, epoxy‐, keto‐ and hydroxystearate as side products. Ca naphthenate minimizes free radical decarbonylation and other side reactions. Mechanisms are proposed for the formation of side products.
A two-pass solution to the rendering equation: A synthesis of ray tracing and radiosity methods (1987)

View-independent and view-dependent image synthesis techniques, represented by radiosity and ray tracing, respectively, are discussed. View-dependent techniques are found to have advantages for calculating the specular component of illumination and view-independent techniques for the diffuse component. Based on these observations a methodology is presented for simulating global illumination within complex environments using a two-pass approach. The first pass is view-independent and is based on the hemi-cube radiosity algorithm, with extensions to include the effects of diffuse transmission, and specular to diffuse reflection and transmission. The second pass is view-dependent and is based on an alternative to distributed ray tracing in which a z-buffer algorithm is used to sample the intensities contributing to the specularly reflected or transmitted intensity.
The Permian Bacterium that Isn't (2001)

There is growing evidence for the presence of viable microorganisms in geological salt formations that are millions of years old. It is still not known, however, whether these bacteria are dormant organisms that are themselves millions of years old or whether the salt crystals merely provide a habitat in which contemporary microorganisms can grow, perhaps interspersed with relatively short periods of dormancy (McGenity et al. 2000). Vreeland, Rosenzweig and Powers (2000) have recently reported the isolation and growth of a halotolerant spore-forming Bacillus species from a brine inclusion within a 250-Myr-old salt crystal from the Permian Salado Formation in New Mexico. This bacterium, Bacillus strain 2-9-3, was informally christened Bacillus permians, and a 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced and deposited in GenBank under the name B. permians (accession number AF166093). It has been claimed that B. permians was trapped inside the salt crystal 250 MYA and survived within the crystal until the present, most probably as a spore. Serious doubts have been raised concerning the possibility of spore survival for 250 Myr (Tomas Lindahl, personal communication), mostly because spores contain no active DNA repair enzymes, so the DNA is expected to decay into small fragments due to such factors as the natural radioactive radiation in the soil, and the bacterium is expected to lose its viability within at most several hundred years (Lindahl 1993). In this note, we apply theproof-of-the-pudding-is-in-the-eating principle to test whether the newly reported B. permians 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence is ancient or not. There are several reasons to doubt the antiquity of B. permians. The first concerns the extraordinary similarity of its 16S rRNA gene sequence to that of Bacillus marismortui. Bacillus marismortui was described by Arahal et al. (1999) as a moderately halophilic species from the Dead Sea and was later renamed Salibacillus marismortui (Arahal et al. 2000). The B. permians sequence differs from that of S. marismortui by only one transition and one transversion out of the 1,555 aligned and unambiguously determined nucleotides. In comparison, the 16S rRNA gene from Staphylococcus succinus, which was claimed to be ‘‘25–35 million years old’’ (Lambert et al. 1998), differs from its homolog in its closest present-day relative (a urinary pathogen called Staphylococcus saprophyticus) by 19 substitutions out of 1,525 aligned nucleotides. Using Kimura’s (1980) two-parameter model, the difference between the B. permians and S. marismortui sequences translates into 1.3
Individualised prediction of pulmonary homograft durability in tetralogy of Fallot (2015)

Individualised prediction of homograft durability in patients with rTOF can be guided by early postoperative echocardiography. In adult patients without early postoperative PS or PR, homograft dysfunction and reintervention are unlikely to occur within 10 years, and follow-up may be less stringent.
A coumarin-based fluorescent probe for differential identification of sulfide and sulfite in CTAB micelle solution (2014)

Sulfite and sulfide share several similarities in terms of chemical properties, such as nucleophilic and reducing reactivities. Therefore, they may disturb the detection of each other. In order to discriminate between these two kinds of sulfur-containing species, a new probe -N3 was developed, in which para-azidobenzenyl ketone was covalently incorporated to a coumarin fluorophore linked by a C=C double bond. Sulfite and sulfide can respectively react with the C=C double bond and the azido group to give different products, consequently, they can be differentially identified by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as by the naked eye. Selectivity and competition results reveal that -N3 is a good candidate for the detection of sulfide and sulfite. The bioimaging experiment demonstrates the potential of the -N3 probe for the differential imaging of sulfide and sulfite in living cells.
Fundamental theorems for linear measure differential equations. (1988)

On donne des demonstrations de theoremes fondamentaux pour des equations differentielles de mesure lineaire. On demontre des theoremes pour des systemes lineaires d'ordre 1 et on les applique aux equations scalaires lineaires d'ordre n>1
Muel A. — L'éveil de l'esprit chez l'enfant inadapté. Nouvelle pédagogie rééducative (1973)

Hecht Jacqueline. Muel A. — L'éveil de l'esprit chez l'enfant inadapté. Nouvelle pédagogie rééducative. In: Population, 28ᵉ année, n°4-5, 1973. p. 971.
Lloydminster, Saskatchewan Vertical Well SAGD Field Test Results (2010)

Summary Husky Energy's Pikes Peak steam project has been highly successful using CSS and follow-up steam drive for vertical and directional wells located on the bottomwater-free structural high inside the oil/water contact of the Waseca channel sand reservoir(1). In some areas, recoveries of up to 90% have been achieved with a cumulative steam/oil ratio (SOR) of less than 3.0. Use of CSS with follow-up drive has not been successful where bottomwater is present outside the oil/water contact. Some improvement in performance was achieved using large CSS slugs and high-steam injection rates, but in some locations CSS performances were still poor and conversion from CSS to drive has not been successful in any location. In 2008 Husky initiated a field test of a single vertical well SAGD configuration in an area outside the oil/water contact to evaluate an alternate process in which the "conventional" CSS performance of 10 wells was poor from the second or third stimulation onward. The results from the first single vertical SAGD well pilot demonstrated that a single vertical well SAGD configuration could be successfully completed and operated. The field data are being evaluated using empirical and numerical modelling methods to develop completion and operating strategies that optimize future produced oil rates and SORs. Another benefit of the field test was its demonstration of a low-cost and rapid method to help determine if a reservoir has sufficient vertical permeability for horizontal well SAGD to work.
High Q Metasurfaces for Nonlinear Free-space Optics (2019)

We show theoretically and experimentally how high quality factor modes can be generated within dielectric metasurfaces, opening new possibilities for nonlinear freespace nanophotonics. We utilize these nonlinear metasurfaces for nanoscale nonreciprocity and neuromorphic nanophotonic networks.
<title>Low Cost Media Having a Reverse Trilayer Structure</title> (1983)

The possibility of using a reverse trilayer media concept as one of the means of continuous lower cost of the optical storage appears advantageous. The basic concepts, potential advantages, challenges as well as the preliminary results are presented.