gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of oven sag temperature and heat deflection temperature for measuring heat resistance (1989)

Abstract The plastics industry places great emphasis on heat deflection temperature (HDT) as a measure of heat resistance when designing a plastic product. However, many manufacturers will evaluate a material's heat resistance by exposing a finished part to meximum use temperature under gravity load rather than the high loadings associated with the heat deflection test. The oven sag test is an alternate method which looks at the sag of a molded bar under gravity load. One end of the bar is clamped while the other end is free to sag. By employing a range of temperatures, the temperature at which gross sag takes place can be found. This study investigated how well the heat deflection temperature test and the oven sag test correlate to the performance of an injection molded box subjected to high temperatures using one and two phase PVC blends. The oven sag test was found to provide a more practical and more accurate measure of a material's performance under high temperatures and no external load. It is particularly well suited for evaluating two phase polymer blends.
Properties of InGaAs/GaAs Quantum Wells with a d· Mn Ò -Doped Layer in GaAs (2007)

A method of formation of two-dimensional structures containing a δ〈 Mn 〉 -doped layer in GaAs and an In x Ga 1 - x As quantum well (QW) separated by a GaAs spacer of thickness d = 4-6 nm is developed using laser evaporation of a metallic target during MOS hydride epitaxy. It is shown that, up to room temperature, these structures have ferromagnetic properties most likely caused by MnAs clusters. At low temperatures ( T m ≈ 30 K), the anomalous Hall effect is revealed to occur. This effect is related to hole scattering by Mn ions in GaAs and to the magnetic exchange between these ions and QW holes, which determines the spin polarization of the holes. The behavior of the negative magnetoresistance of these structures at low temperatures indicates the key role of quantum interference effects.
VirtuNav: A Virtual Reality indoor navigation simulator with haptic and audio feedback for the visually impaired (2014)

VirtuNav provides a haptic-enabled Virtual Reality (VR) environment that facilitates persons with visual impairment to explore a 3D computerized model of a real-life indoor location, such as a classroom or hospital. For administrative purposes, the screen displays a 2D overhead view of the map to monitor user progress and location as well as the 3D reconstructed environment. The system offers two unique interfaces: a freeroam interface where the user can navigate and interact with the environment, and an edit mode where the administrator can manage test users, maps and retrieve test data. VirtuNav is a practical application offering several unique features including map design, semi-automatic 3D map reconstruction and object classification from 2D map data. Visual and haptic rendering of real-time 3D map navigation are provided as well as automated administrative functions including shortest path calculation, actual path traversal, and assessment of performance indicators including time taken for exploration and collision data. VirtuNav is a research tool for investigation of user familiarity developed after repeated exposure to the indoor location, to determine the extent to which haptic and/or sound cues improve a visually impaired user's ability to navigate a room or building with or without occlusion. System testing reveals that spatial awareness and memory mapping improve with user iterations within the VirtuNav environment. This application aims to promote confidence by independent exploration, for the sight impaired.
Structure determination of the low-temperature phase of tertiary butyl cyanide by the constrained profile refinement of the powder diffraction pattern (1982)

The application of the constrained powder diffraction profile refinement program, EDINP, to determine the structure of the low-temperature phase (crystal II) of tertiary butyl cyanide (CD3)3CCN from neutron diffraction data is described. The structure has been refined at 5 and 147 K and the effect of the quality of the powder on the final parameters obtained from the refinement has been investigated. This work is the first step in a detailed investigation of structural changes through the order–disorder transition at 233 K.
[A study of cisterna magna on brain computerized tomography in children]. (1988)

Although many publications on cranial computerized tomography have been reported in recent years, very little attention has been directed to the cisterna magna (CM) and its variations. The size of the cisterna magna is still debatable and the criterion of the mega cisterna magna is obscure. We studied age distribution, clinical manifestations, and other CT findings in the children with enlarged cisterna magna. A consecutive series of 367 computerized tomographic scans were reviewed. We classified four classes according to the degree of enlargement of the cisterna magna: CM is undetectable; CM (-), CM is detectable at the level of sella turcica and the fourth ventricle; CM(+), CM extends upward at the level of suprasellar cistern and colliculus inferior; CM (+ +), and CM extends extensively at the level of the third ventricle and colliculus superior; CM (+ + +). We judged 55 CT scans (15%) to belong to CM (+ + +) class and 100 scans (27%) to CM (+ +) class. The greater part of children with CM (+ + +) were younger in contrast with CM (+ +), which distributed uniformly in every ages. Also we differentiated the patients into three groups from clinical manifestations as follows: patients with developmental delayed; group D, patients with organic neurological diseases; group N, patients with other diseases; group O. The ratio of group D is significantly higher in CM (+ + +) than that of other groups. No children had posterior fossa symptoms of mass effect and required treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Silicones as conditioning agents in shampoos (1992)

copolyol with low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), and amodimethicone. In this work, the conditioning effects of these silicones are discussed in terms of the surface deposition and alteration in hair surface characteristics by measuring the kinetic frictional coefficient of hair fibers in relation to the chemical types and the molecular weight of silicones. The improvement in surface kinetic characteristics was primarily noted with dimethicones with high molecular weight. Dimethicone copolyol with low HLB lowered the kinetic friction of the wet hair surface by forming liquid crystals. Amodimethicone improved manageability of hair by adsorbing strongly onto the damaged, and therefore more polarized, hair cuticles, which facilitated hair styling without blow-drying.
Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots (2015)

Abstract As a unique two‐dimensional nanomaterial, layered black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets have shown promising applications in electronics. Although mechanical exfoliation was successfully used to prepare BP nanosheets, it is still a challenge to produce novel BP nanostructures in high yield. A facile top‐down approach for preparation of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) in solution is presented. The obtained BPQDs have a lateral size of 4.9±1.6 nm and thickness of 1.9±0.9 nm (ca. 4±2 layers). As a proof‐of‐concept application, by using BPQDs mixed with polyvinylpyrrolidone as the active layer, a flexible memory device was successfully fabricated that exhibits a nonvolatile rewritable memory effect with a high ON/OFF current ratio and good stability.
Strain Analysis of AuxCu1-x−Cu2O Biphase Nanoparticles with Heteroepitaxial Interface (2008)

Epitaxially coherent AuxCu1-x−Cu2O biphase nanoparticles (x = 0.83) were grown in free space by oxidizing AuyCu1-y alloy nanoparticles (y = 0.46) above their melting temperature. Electron-microscopic studies revealed that Au0.83Cu0.17 and Cu2O dome-shape nanocrystals are conjunct via a (110) heteroepitaxial interface with no crystallographic rotation to form a prolate-spheroid shape. It was observed that the misfit strain from 6.5% lattice mismatch is taken up by locally deforming both Cu2O and Au0.83Cu0.17 near the interface. The observed strain profiles were reproduced quantitatively using continuum theory modified with a semiempirical fitting parameter.
Novel compounds with gold–transition–metal bonds; crystal and molecular structure of bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium bis(tetracarbonylcobaltio)aurate(I) (1981)

The tetrahydrothiophen group (tht) in [Au(C6F5)3(tht)] can readily be replaced by carbonylmetallate anions [M(Co)n]–(M = Co, n= 4; M = Mn, n= 5) or [M(cp)(CO)3]–(M = Mo or W; cp =η-C5H5) to give a novel type of anionic complex of general formula [N(PPh3)2][(C6F5)3Au–M(CO)n] or [NBun4][(C6F5)3Au–M(cp)-(CO)3] whose reactivity with PPh3 depends upon M. Thus, for M = Mo or W the reaction leads to the cleavage of the metal–metal bond, for M = Mn no reaction is observed at room temperature, whilst substitution of one CO group takes place for M = Co. Reaction of the carbonylmetallates with [Au(C6F5)(tht)] gives rise to disproportionations affording Q[Au(C6F5)2][Q = N(PPh3)2+ or NBun4+] and [N(PPh3)2][Au{M(CO)n}2] or [NBun4]-[Au{M(cp)(CO)3}2] which are stable at room temperature. The presence of the linear unit CO–Au–Co in [N-(PPh3)2][Au{Co(CO)4}2] has been established by a single-crystal structure determination; space group P, a= 9.610(4), b= 9.978(4), c= 11.506(5)Å, α= 97.70(2), β= 97.84(2), γ= 90.97(2)°, and Z= 1. The structure has been refined to R= 0.032 for 2 475 unique observed reflections. Both the anion and cation lie on crystallographic centres of symmetry, hence the Co–Au–Co and P–N–P moieties are linear. The Au–Co bond length is 2.509(2)Å.
Optimal switching control for Morphing aircraft with Aerodynamic Uncertainty (2020)

A novel optimal switching attitude controller for variable-span and variable-sweep morphing aircraft is proposed based on approximate dynamic programming (ADP) and non-linear disturbance observer (NDO). Value iteration (VI) based ADP is utilized to solve the infinite horizon switching control problem with deterministic dynamics. To cope with the aero-dynamic uncertainty in morphing aircraft, a NDO and extra control for switching system are designed to compensate the disturbance caused by model uncertainty. Nonlinear simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed controller can coordinate morphing control and flight control to achieve optimal maneuvering under aerodynamic uncertainty.
Peripheral Blood Findings in Patients with Acute Infectious Mononucleosis (1991)

Peripheral Blood Findings in Patients with Acute Infectious Mononucleosis Get access T. Bruce Mcneely, M.D.,F.R.C.P.C. T. Bruce Mcneely, M.D.,F.R.C.P.C. Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 95, Issue 5, 1 May 1991, Page 579, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/95.5.759a Published: 01 May 1991
Proteomics and Metaproteomics for Studying Probiotic Activity (2015)

Probiotics are living microorganisms that confer beneficial effects to human health when supplied in adequate amounts. In fact, they promote digestion and uptake of dietary nutrients, strengthen intestinal barrier function, modulate immune response, and enhance antagonism towards pathogens. Probiotic bacteria exhibiting well-established healthy features and available on the market, also as components of functional foods, belong to lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. In recent years, proteomics drastically innovated the way to analyze metabolic and molecular processes involved in cell physiology. In this light, the most significant results of proteomic studies focused on the investigation of molecular strategies responsible for probiotic action, are summarized in the present chapter.
High tibial osteotomy accelerates lateral compartment osteoarthritis in discoid meniscus patients (2017)

IV.
An Experimental Model for Improving Fat Graft Viability and Purity (2007)

Using an in vitro murine model, the authors have systematically developed a clinically practical model for creating a pure single-cell suspension of viable adipocytes that is reproducible, regardless of tissue harvest method.
Human Bisphosphoglycerate Mutase (1989)

Bisphosphoglycerate mutase is an erythrocyte-specific enzyme whose main function is to synthesize 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, the allosteric effector of hemoglobin. In addition to its main 2,3-diphosphoglycerate synthase activity, the enzyme displays phosphatase and mutase activities both involving 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in their reaction. The three activities have been demonstrated to be catalysed at a unique active site. To study the structure of such an active site we have developed a recombinant system producing mutants of human bisphosphoglycerate mutase in Escherichia coli, by site-directed mutagenesis. For this purpose the human bisphosphoglycerate mutase cDNA that we had previously cloned has been used to construct a procaryotic high level expression vector bearing the "tac" promoter. Human bisphosphoglycerate mutase produced in E. coli, a species which does not normally synthesize this enzyme, represented 8% of the total soluble bacterial protein and displayed the three catalytic activities (synthase, mutase, and phosphatase) characteristic of the enzyme. Since it has been suggested that the carboxyl-terminal region may be implicated in the catalytic activity of the enzyme, three variants deleted in this part of the protein were produced. Our results indicate that a minimal deletion of 7 amino acid residues in the carboxyl-terminal portion of the human bisphosphoglycerate mutase completely abolished the three catalytic activities of the enzyme. In contrast, the effects of the deletion of the last two lysine residues were limited to a 38% reduction in the synthase activity. These results show that the carboxyl-terminal amino acid residues are either directly or indirectly implicated in the three catalytic functions of the human bisphosphoglycerate mutase, and that the two terminal lysine residues are not essential for the major part of the enzymatic mechanism of the enzyme.
Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Tibial Component Malposition in Total Ankle Replacement (2017)

Level IV, case series.
A NEW MEASUREMENT OF THE COSMIC BLACK BODY RADIATION (1978)

An experiment to measure the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation over the wavenumber range from 2 to 40 cm-1 is described. A variety of low temperature techniques including fountain effect pumps and a 3He cooled detector were used to obtain high accuracy and sensitivity. The resulting spectrum is a close fit to a 2.9 K black body.
Skin Autofluorescence as a Noninvasive Marker of Vascular Damage in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2006)

This study confirms in a large group of type 2 diabetic patients that skin autofluorescence is higher compared with age-matched control subjects and is associated with the severity of diabetes-related complications. Skin autofluorescence reflecting vascular damage might be a rapid and helpful tool in the diabetes outpatient clinic for identifying diabetic patients who are at risk for developing complications.
Untersuchung zur Entwicklungsgeschichte sakraler Westbaulösungen des kernsächsischen Siedlungsraumes in romanischer Zeit : dargestellt vornehmlich an den Beispielen der Klosterkirche Marienmünster und der Pfarrkirche St. Kilian zu Höxter (2004)

[no abstract]
A Taxonomic Study of Korean Acridinae (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae) (2005)

ABSTRACT Five species of Korean Acridinae are recognized as a result of taxonomic investigation. A key, figures of male genitalia, and description of little known species Ceracris nigricornis laeta (Bolívar) are provided.
Stop Motion Animation as a Tool for Sketching in Architecture (2012)

Widely acknowledged as an archetypal design activity, sketching is typically carried out using little more than pen and paper. Today’s designed artifacts however, are often given qualities that are hard to capture with traditional means of sketching. While pen and paper sketching catches the character of a building, it may not equally well capture how that building changes with the seasons, how people pass through it, how the light moves in between its rooms from sunrise to dawn, and how its façade subtly decays over centuries. Yet, it is often exactly these dynamic and interactive aspects that are emphasized in contemporary design work. So is there a way for designers to be able to sketch also these dynamic processes? Over several years and in different design disciplines, we have been exploring the potential of stop motion animation (SMA) to serve this purpose. SMA is a basic form of animation typically applied to make physical objects appear to be alive. The animator moves objects in small increments between individually photographed frames. When the photographs are combined and played back in continuous sequence, the illusion of movement is created. Although SMA has a long history in filmmaking, the animation technique has received scarce attention in most design fields including product design, architecture, and interaction design. This paper brings SMA into the area of sketching in architecture by reporting on the planning, conduct, result, and evaluation of a workshop course carried out with a group of 50 students at Umeå School of Architecture, Umeå University, Sweden.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of dietary intake with the view to identify the factors influencing the dietary practices among high school students in Udupi district, Karnataka (2011)

Objectives To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding dietary intake and delineate the factors influencing dietary practices of the high school students of selected schools of Udupi district, Karnataka. Methods The study had adopted a Survey Approach which consisted of two phase. Descriptive survey design was used in the first phase to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dietary intake among 400 high school students from selected English medium schools. Exploratory survey design was used to delineate the factors influencing unhealthy dietary practices among those having unhealthy dietary practices i.e. 34 students. Results From the first phase of the study it was revealed that majority (69.5%) of the students had good knowledge, few (8.5%) had unhealthy dietary practices, only 22.8% had favourable attitude towards unhealthy dietary practice and for 82.5% of the students, parents were the influencing factor in their dietary intake. It was also found that physiological factors like taste, thirst, hunger and fullness of stomach influenced unhealthy dietary practices of 24(70.5%) of the students who belonged to the second phase of the study.
Identification of miRNAs and Their Targets in the LiverwortMarchantia polymorphaby Integrating RNA-Seq and Degradome Analyses (2016)

Bryophytes (liverworts, hornworts and mosses) comprise the three earliest diverging lineages of land plants (embryophytes). Marchantia polymorpha, a complex thalloid Marchantiopsida liverwort that has been developed into a model genetic system, occupies a key phylogenetic position. Therefore, M. polymorpha is useful in studies aiming to elucidate the evolution of gene regulation mechanisms in plants. In this study, we used computational, transcriptomic, small RNA and degradome analyses to characterize microRNA (miRNA)-mediated pathways of gene regulation in M. polymorpha. The data have been integrated into the open access ContigViews-miRNA platform for further reference. In addition to core components of the miRNA pathway, 129 unique miRNA sequences, 11 of which could be classified into seven miRNA families that are conserved in embryophytes (miR166a, miR390, miR529c, miR171-3p, miR408a, miR160 and miR319a), were identified. A combination of computational and degradome analyses allowed us to identify and experimentally validate 249 targets. In some cases, the target genes are orthologous to those of other embryophytes, but in other cases, the conserved miRNAs target either paralogs or members of different gene families. In addition, the newly discovered Mpo-miR11707.1 and Mpo-miR11707.2 are generated from a common precursor and target MpARGONAUTE1 (LW1759). Two other newly discovered miRNAs, Mpo-miR11687.1 and Mpo-miR11681.1, target the MADS-box transcription factors MpMADS1 and MpMADS2, respectively. Interestingly, one of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) gene family members, MpPPR_66 (LW9825), the protein products of which are generally involved in various steps of RNA metabolism, has a long stem-loop transcript that can generate Mpo-miR11692.1 to autoregulate MpPPR_66 (LW9825) mRNA. This study provides a foundation for further investigations of the RNA-mediated silencing mechanism in M. polymorpha as well as of the evolution of this gene silencing pathway in embryophytes.
Mapping of Human Autoantibody Epitopes on Aromaticl-Amino Acid Decarboxylase (2007)

Context: Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) is target of autoantibodies in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome I (APS I), especially in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Little information is currently available on AADC autoantibody epitopes and on the interrelation between autoantibody-mediated inhibition of enzymatic activity and epitope specificity. Design: We tested the immunoreactivity of full-length porcine AADC and of eight fragments of the enzyme with human serum from 18 patients with APS I, 199 with non-APS I autoimmune Addison’s disease, 124 with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 36 with Graves’ disease, and 141 healthy control subjects, and we evaluated the autoantibody-mediated enzymatic inhibition. Results: AADC antibodies (Ab) were detected in 12 of 18 (67%) APS I patients and in six of 199 (3%) autoimmune Addison’s disease patients. Four patients with autoimmune hepatitis were all positive for AADCAb. None of the 141 healthy control subjects, 82 patients with nonautoimmune adrenal insufficiency, 124 with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and 36 with Graves’ disease were found positive. Two epitope regions, corresponding to amino acids 274–299 (E1) and 380–471 (E2) were identified. Localization of E1 was confirmed by displacement studies with synthetic peptides corresponding to peptides of porcine AADC. All 12 AADCAb-positive APS I sera reacted with E1, and seven of 12 (58%) reacted also with E2. E2-specific, but not E1-specific, autoantibodies were associated with a significant inhibition of in vitro AADC enzymatic activity. Conclusions: We mapped the human AADCAb epitopes to the middle and COOH-terminal regions of the enzyme. Autoantibodies to the COOH-terminal region induce a significant inhibition of enzymatic activity.
Control of lipid metabolism in hepatomas: insensitivity of rate of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by mouse hepatoma BW7756 to fasting and to feedback control. (1967)

We have measured the conversion of the 14C of acetate-1-14C to CO2, fatty acids, and cholesterol by slices of liver and the transplantable hepatoma BW7756, from C57L/J mice on a variety of diets: chow, fasting, refed, fat-free, high-fat, and high-cholesterol. Whereas synthesis by liver differed greatly between animals on different diets (even as much as 17-fold for fatty acid synthesis and 19-fold for cholesterol synthesis, but more generally 4- to 5-fold), synthesis by the tumor was unaffected. Although the actual mechanisms of normal dietary control of hepatic lipogenesis are not clearly known, we suggest that the insensitivity of the hepatoma to the nutritional state of the animal may be due to inability of the particular activator(s) or inhibitor(s) to gain entry into the tumor cell.