gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tracking agent: a new way of communication in a multi-agent environment (2002)

We propose a communication scheme for multi-mobile-agent system. A mobile-agent is a process moving in a network to execute a task specified by a user. When one of the cooperating agents moves to a new location, it needs to make a new connection to the other agents. Communications by broadcasting is not very efficient. We propose a new agent named "tracking agent", which tracks locations of mobile-agents, so that a mobile-agent does not need to care about the movements of the other mobile-agents.
Layer-By-Layer Nanoparticle Vaccines Carrying the G Protein CX3C Motif Protect against RSV Infection and Disease (2015)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children; however no effective treatment or vaccine is currently available. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic treatment with a monoclonal antibody (clone 131-2G) specific to the RSV G glycoprotein CX3C motif, mediates virus clearance and decreases leukocyte trafficking to the lungs of RSV-infected mice. In this study, we show that vaccination with layer-by-layer nanoparticles (LbL-NP) carrying the G protein CX3C motif induces blocking antibodies that prevent the interaction of the RSV G protein with the fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) and protect mice against RSV replication and disease pathogenesis. Peptides with mutations in the CX3C motif induced antibodies with diminished capacity to block G protein-CX3CR1 binding. Passive transfer of these anti-G protein antibodies to mice infected with RSV improved virus clearance and decreased immune cell trafficking to the lungs. These data suggest that vaccination with LbL-NP loaded with the CX3C motif of the RSV G protein can prevent manifestations of RSV disease by preventing the interaction between the G protein and CX3CR1 and recruitment of immune cells to the airways.
‘Watch and wait’ after chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer (2018)

Surgery remains the cornerstone of rectal cancer treatment. However, there is significant morbidity and mortality associated with pelvic surgery, and the past decade has illustrated that a cohort of rectal cancer patients sustain a remission of local disease with chemoradiation alone. Thus, questions remain regarding the optimal management for rectal cancer; namely, accurately identifying patients who have a complete pathologic response and determining the oncologic safety of the observational approach for this patient group. This review aims to summarize the current evidence to provide an overview to the 'watch and wait' approach in rectal cancer patients with a complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.
THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYLSULFONYL)IMIDE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES (2015)

Pressure-density-temperature (p,,T) data of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [BMIM][NTf 2 ] at T = (273.15 to 413.15) K and pressures up to p =140 MPa are reported with an estimated experimental relative combined standard uncertainty of / = (0.01 to 0.08)% in density. The measurements were carried out with a newly constructed Anton-Paar DMA HPM vibration-tube densimeter. The system was calibrated using double-distilled water, aqueous NaCl solution, methanol, toluene and acetone. An empirical equation of state for fitting the (p,,T) data of [BMIM][NTf 2 ] has been developed as a function of pressure and temperature. This equation is used for the calculation of the thermophysical properties of the ionic liquid, such as isothermal compressibility, isobaric thermal expansibility, thermal pressure coefficient, internal pressure, isobaric and isochoric heat capacities, speed of sound and isentropic expansibility.
Structure and Tensile Strength of LaS 1.4 (1987)

The tensile strength of LaS 1.4 has been estimated by diametral stress testing at room temperature, 800 and 1300 K. Brittle, tensile‐type failures were obtained at all temperatures when the crosshead speed was 2.1 × 10 −3 mm/s; however, a 1300 K test at 8.5 × 10 −4 mm/s produced plastic flow. The microstructure of LaS 1.4 consisted of two phases with β‐La 2 S 3 comprising about 15 vol% of the structure and γ‐La 2 S 3 the remainder. Because of the limited amount of material available for testing, no correlation between microstructure and mechanical strength could be drawn.
Long wavelength vertical cavity laser using strain-compensated multiple quantum wells on GaAs substrates (2002)

We present an optically pumped long wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser using an InGaAs/InGaAsP strain-compensated multiple quantum well gain medium fabricated an a GaAs substrate. The device relies on an 800 /spl Aring/-thick intermediate spin-on glass layer to join the high-gain InP-based gain medium with highly reflective GaAs-based AlAs/GaAs Bragg reflectors. At room temperature, the device operates at 1.44 /spl mu/m and has a low threshold pump power of 4.2 KW/cm/sup 2/.
SECOND LIST OF KNOWN GENES IN THE TOMATO (1960)

SECOND LIST OF KNOWN GENES IN THE TOMATO: Including Supplementary Rules for Nomenclature C. D. CLAYBERG, C. D. CLAYBERG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. BUTLER, L. BUTLER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. M. RICK, C. M. RICK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. A. YOUNG P. A. YOUNG *Gene List Committee, Tomato Genetics Cooperative. Communications concerning this article and other affairs of the Tomato Genetics Cooperative should be directed to C. D. Clayberg, Chairman of the Gene List Committee, T.G.C., Department of Genetics, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. New Haven: or to C. M. Rick. Chairman of the Coordinating Committee, T.G.C. Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 51, Issue 4, July-August 1960, Pages 167–174, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106981 Published: 01 July 1960
Multi-class batch-mode active learning for image classification (2010)

Accurate image classification is crucial in many robotics and surveillance applications - for example, a vision system on a robot needs to accurately recognize the objects seen by its camera. Object recognition systems typically need a large amount of training data for satisfactory performance. The problem is particularly acute when many object categories are present. In this paper we present a batch-mode active learning framework for multi-class image classification systems. In active learning, images are to be chosen for interactive labeling, instead of passively accepting training data. Our framework addresses two important issues: i) it handles redundancy between different images which is crucial when batch-mode selection is performed; and ii) we pose batch-selection as a submodular function optimization problem that makes an inherently intractable problem efficient to solve, while having approximation guarantees. We show results on image classification data in which our approach substantially reduces the amount of training required over the baseline.
[New strategy for diagnosis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with t (15;17)]. (1994)

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-therapy against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is epoch-making in the sense of the first success in both tumor-differentiation therapy and molecule-targeted therapy. Kouseishou APL-study group performed three clinical studies to refractory APL with ATRA from 1990 to 1993. Complete remission (CR) was obtained in 82%, 88% and 78% of 22, 41 and 46 patients, respectively. Molecular diagnosis of the t (15;17) translocation was possible using Southern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Nuclear reactor for breeding U.sup.233 (2023)

A light-water-cooled nuclear reactor capable of breeding U.sup.233 for use in a light-water breeder reactor includes physically separated regions containing U.sup.235 fissile material and U.sup.238 fertile material and Th.sup.232 fertile material and Pu.sup.239 fissile material, if available. Preferably the U.sup.235 fissile material and U.sup.238 fertile material are contained in longitudinally movable seed regions and the Pu.sup.239 fissile material and Th.sup.232 fertile material are contained in blanket regions surrounding the seed regions.
Spatial Free Plastic Forming of Slender Parts—Machine Design, Forming Limits, and Application (2001)

Free plastic forming of a slender part means that an initially straight bar, clamped at its both ends, is bent and twisted by an appropriate motion of the end supports only. Emphasis is attached on the computer controlled, precise forming of workpieces with prescribed shape. In this paper the design of an appropriate forming machine at the laboratory scale will be presented. Moreover, the forming limits due to replastification of already completed sections of the part will be illustrated geometrically using one or two “cylinders of admissibility.” Finally, the method will be demonstrated by means of actually formed parts.
How Bacteria Respire Minerals (2001)

Some bacteria respire minerals; that is, they harvest energy from minerals through using them as electron acceptors. Many details of this respiration process have remained obscure. In her Perspective, Newman highlights the study by Lower et al., who have used a customized atomic force microscope to observe bacteria during mineral respiration.
Rice volatiles lure gravid malaria mosquitoes, Anopheles arabiensis (2016)

Mosquito oviposition site selection is essential for vector population dynamics and malaria epidemiology. Irrigated rice cultivations provide ideal larval habitats for malaria mosquitoes, which has resulted in increased prevalence of the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis, in sub-Saharan Africa. The nature and origin of the cues regulating this behaviour are only now being elucidated. We show that gravid Anopheles arabiensis are attracted and oviposit in response to the odour present in the air surrounding rice. Furthermore, we identify a synthetic rice odour blend, using electrophysiological and chemical analyses, which elicits attraction and oviposition in laboratory assays, as well as attraction of free-flying gravid mosquitoes under semi-field conditions. This research highlights the intimate link between malaria vectors and agriculture. The identified volatile cues provide important substrates for the development of novel and cost-effective control measures that target female malaria mosquitoes, irrespective of indoor or outdoor feeding and resting patterns.
Lifetime-Based Imaging (2014)

Since the rst report on the uorescence phenomenon in 1845,1 interest in uorescence has rapidly increased. During the last few decades, uorescence spectroscopy, and particularly time-resolved uorescence, has become recognized as an important research tool in the biological sciences.2-7 Timeresolved uorescence is of interest due to its higher information content compared to steady-state measurements. However, the information content of the time-resolved uorescence is usually not accessible with classical imaging techniques such as uorescence microscopy. e situation has changed as remarkable developments in the time-resolved uorescence methods have recently facilitated the transfer of time-resolved uorescence from the solution spectroscopy to the eld of lifetime-based sensing and imaging.8-16Fluorescence emission is a radiative process that occurs on the nanosecond time scale for most uorophores. Normally, the uorescence is a rst-order kinetic process and the intensity decay obeys the exponential law. e uorescence lifetime τ characterizes the average amount of time that a molecule spends in the excited state following absorption of a photon. e importance of the time-resolved uorescence for imaging can be understood from the fact that unlike intensity, the uorescence lifetime is mostly independent of the probe concentration, photobleaching, and lightpath. All these parameters are extremely dicult to control during microscopic cellular experiments. e diculties can be overcome by uorescence ratiometric measurements. However, the number of uorescent ratiometric probes is much smaller than the class of the lifetime sensors.
The Early Stages of Quantum Dot Self-Assembly: A Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation (2006)

The influence of a periodic strain field in a silicon substrate on the nucleation of surface atomic clusters is studied using a Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model for Ge quantum dot formation. The effect of strain on island diffusion is determined by calculating the binding energy of an island with the Modified Embedded Atom potential. KMC simulations have been carried out on the basis of diffusion pathways on reconstructed Si surfaces and effective island diffusion kinetics. It is found that island diffusion coupled with surface stress fields play a dominant role in precisely forming atomic clusters during the early stages of evolution under an extremely weak inhomogeneous stain field. The results explain experimental observations on the ordering of Ge self-assembled quantum dos along underlying buried interfacial dislocation arrays in a relaxed 800 A Si0 85Ge0 15 buffer layer.
Estimation of rearrangement phylogeny for cancer genomes (2011)

Cancer genomes are complex, carrying thousands of somatic mutations including base substitutions, insertions and deletions, rearrangements, and copy number changes that have been acquired over decades. Recently, technologies have been introduced that allow generation of high-resolution, comprehensive catalogs of somatic alterations in cancer genomes. However, analyses of these data sets generally do not indicate the order in which mutations have occurred, or the resulting karyotype. Here, we introduce a mathematical framework that begins to address this problem. By using samples with accurate data sets, we can reconstruct relatively complex temporal sequences of rearrangements and provide an assembly of genomic segments into digital karyotypes. For cancer genes mutated in rearranged regions, this information can provide a chronological examination of the selective events that have taken place.
Single Crystalline Germanium Island on Insulator by Zone Melting Recrystallization (1983)

Single crystalline germanium islands on insulator have been formed by zone melting with graphite strip heaters. Two types of geometrical patterns for islands, a series of rectangles with 100 µm × 80 µm sides connected with a narrow stripe 30 µm × 10 µm and an isolated island (250 µm × 100 µm) with a peaked side, were successfully used to obtain large single crystalline islands. Most islands were found to be single crystal and the predominant orientation was &lt;100&gt;. Electron concentrations of 10 16 -10 18 /cm 3 with Hall mobility of 3×10 3 -10 3 cm 2 /Vsec were obtained for single crystalline germanium islands.
Reducing Nitrogen Dosage in Triticum durum Plants with Urea-Doped Nanofertilizers (2020)

Nanotechnology is emerging as a very promising tool towards more efficient and sustainable practices in agriculture. In this work, we propose the use of non-toxic calcium phosphate nanoparticles doped with urea (U-ACP) for the fertilization of <i>Triticum durum</i> plants. U-ACP nanoparticles present very similar morphology, structure, and composition than the amorphous precursor of bone mineral, but contain a considerable amount of nitrogen as adsorbed urea (up to ca. 6 wt % urea). Tests on <i>Triticum durum</i> plants indicated that yields and quality of the crops treated with the nanoparticles at reduced nitrogen dosages (by 40%) were unaltered in comparison to positive control plants, which were given the minimum N dosages to obtain the highest values of yield and quality in fields. In addition, optical microscopy inspections showed that Alizarin Red S stained nanoparticles were able to penetrate through the epidermis of the roots or the stomata of the leaves. We observed that the uptake through the roots occurs much faster than through the leaves (1 h vs. 2 days, respectively). Our results highlight the potential of engineering nanoparticles to provide a considerable efficiency of nitrogen uptake by durum wheat and open the door to design more sustainable practices for the fertilization of wheat in fields.
A draft sequence of the rice genome (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) : The rice genome (2002)

We have produced a draft sequence of the rice genome for the most widely cultivated subspecies in China, Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The genome was 466 megabases in size, with an estimated 46,022 to 55,615 genes. Functional coverage in the assembled sequences was 92.0%. About 42.2% of the genome was in exact 20-nucleotide oligomer repeats, and most of the transposons were in the intergenic regions between genes. Although 80.6% of predicted Arabidopsis thaliana genes had a homolog in rice, only 49.4% of predicted rice genes had a homolog in A. thaliana. The large proportion of rice genes with no recognizable homologs is due to a gradient in the GC content of rice coding sequences.
I2-Catalyzed Regioselective Oxo- and Hydroxy-acyloxylation of Alkenes and Enol Ethers: A Facile Access to α-Acyloxyketones, Esters, and Diol Derivatives (2014)

I2-catalyzed oxo-acyloxylation of alkenes and enol ethers with carboxylic acids providing for the high yield synthesis of α-acyloxyketones and esters is described. This unprecedented regioselective oxidative process employs TBHP and Et3N in stoichiometric amounts under metal-free conditions in DMSO as solvent. Additionally, I2-catalysis allows the direct hydroxy-acyloxylation of alkenes with the sequential addition of BH3·SMe2 leading to monoprotected diol derivatives in excellent yields.
CHESS 2009 Users' Meeting (2009)

To set the context for the annual CHESS Users Meeting, it is useful to recall the history of CHESS as a synchrotron radiation facility. It started operating 29 years ago as a parasitic source and one of the first hard X-ray sources. As of the past year, the high energy physics program of experimental data collection at CESR (the Cornell Electron-positron Storage Ring) is over. However, the ring still operates with two beams, electrons and positrons, serving both CHESS and R&D for a future international linear collider. Embedded beneath the central campus of Cornell University, and deliberately preserving an atmosphere responsive to special requests and unusual ideas, CHESS attracts scientists with innovative research programs who need hardware flexibility and attentive technical support, sometimes on very short notice. This highlights the three missions of the Wilson Synchrotron Laboratory complex, and its distinctions as a university-based laboratory: (1) user X-ray service; (2) training of accelerator physicists and beamline scientists; and (3) a laboratory for new techniques and instrumentation development.
Higher education is not associated with greater cortical thickness in brain areas related to literacy or intelligence in normal aging or mild cognitive impairment (2012)

Education may reduce risk of dementia through passive reserve, by increasing neural substrate. We tested the hypotheses that education is associated with thicker cortex and reduced rates of atrophy in brain regions related to literacy and intellectual ability. Healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment were categorized into high (≥18 years) and low (≤13 years) education groups. Higher education was associated with thinner cortices in several areas, but one-year atrophy rates in these areas did not differ by education group. These results do not support a passive reserve model in which early-life education protects against dementia by increasing cortical thickness. Connectivity and synaptic efficiency or other lifestyle factors may more directly reflect cognitive reserve.
Experiments and Models for the Time Dependent Mechanics of Nanoscale Polymeric Structures and Nanocrystalline Metal Films (2011)

To date, micro and nanoscale experiments have been mostly focused on the length scale dependent mechanical behavior of nanostructures and nanostructured thin films but have not been able to address their time and rate dependence. This inefficiency stems from the use of high resolution electron microscopes which are slow imaging tools, and quite often are of detrimental effect to the integrity of polymeric materials. Optical methods have been revisited in the recent years and were modified to accommodate micro and nanoscale specimens in order to obtain high resolution deformations and their time evolution at time scales varying from microseconds to days [1-4]. This research, conducted at the University of Illinois, has developed new approaches to investigate the time-dependent mechanical behavior of metallic thin films for MEMS and polymeric nanostructures in an effort to understand the important deformation processes at small scales. The extended (internal) surfaces in nanocrystalline metal films and the large surface-to-volume ratios in polymeric nanostructures favor material transport mechanisms that are not important in bulk or large grain materials because they do not result in appreciable strains. On the contrary, in nanoscale polymeric fibers for instance such processes result in large material deformations and sustained ductilities in a large range of loading rates. This presentation will summarize experimental work conducted with polymeric nanofibers and nanocrystalline metals and some early modeling efforts to rationalize the measured time- and ratedependent mechanical behavior.
Radiopharmaceutical chemistry of targeted radiotherapeutics, part 1: effects of solvent on the degradation of radiohalogenation precursors by 211At alpha-particles. (2005)

The nature of the solvent profoundly influences the ability to synthesize high activity levels of SAB and possibly other 211At-labeled radiopharmaceuticals.
Pharmacoproteomic approach to the study of drug mode of action, toxicity, and resistance: applications in diabetes and cancer (2004)

Proteomics is a powerful technique for investigating protein expression profiles in biological systems and their modifications in response to stimuli or to particular physiological or pathophysiological conditions. It is therefore a technique of choice for the study of drug mode of action, side-effects, toxicity and resistance. It is also a valuable approach for the discovery of new drug targets. All these proteomic applications to pharmacological issues may be called pharmacoproteomics. The pharmacoproteomic approach could be particularly useful for the identification of molecular alterations implicated in type 2 diabetes and for further characterization of existing or new drugs. In oncology, proteomics is widely used for the identification of tumour-specific protein markers, and pharmacoproteomics is used for the evaluation of chemotherapy, particularly for the characterization of drug-resistance mechanisms. The large amount of data generated by pharmacoproteomic screening requires the use of bioinformatic tools to insure a pertinent interpretation. Herein, we review the applications of pharmacoproteomics to the study of type 2 diabetes and to chemoresistance in different types of cancer and the current state of this technology in these pathologies. We also suggest a number of bioinformatic solutions for proteomic data management.
Epitaxial growth of semiconductor thin films on metals in the halogenation process. Atomic structure of copper iodide on the Cu(110) surface (2006)

The atomic structure of thin (7–20 Å) copper iodide layers formed on the Cu(110) surface during a chemical reaction with molecular iodine in ultrahigh vacuum has been studied with scanning tunneling microscopy. A double stripe superstructure with an average period of 90–100 Å was found on the surface of CuI. The structural model is proposed for the copper iodide surface taking into account the contraction of the CuI lattice and the formation of striped domain walls.