gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Operational Decision Making Reaching New Frontiers with Real-Time Downhole Telemetry in the Russia's Arctic (2015)

Abstract This paper presents the first experience of using a system for transmitting downhole data to surface (a telemetry system) based on wireless acoustic signal transmission during drill-stem testing (DST) in four carbonate reservoirs penetrated by an exploration well on Dolginskoye field in the Pechora Sea. Because no fluid would be recovered at surface during well testing, the job sequence program was optimized so that a full set of geological data could be obtained for each carbonate reservoirs in one trip. The purpose of a wireless acoustic telemetry system is to provide a communication link between downhole and surface equipment by means of acoustic signals passing through the well testing bottom-hole assembly (BHA) and enabling a two-way communication channel to be established so that bottomhole data can be received on surface in real time, and downhole equipment can be monitored and controlled. The system allows operators to adjust the well testing program based on bottomhole pressure data and to check whether sufficient amount of data has been collected for the well testing objectives to be achieved. Using a wireless acoustic telemetry system during dynamic well testing has many advantages compared to conventional testing with no downhole telemetry: bottomhole data can be received during job execution, operators have opportunity to monitor and analyze testing data and rely on a full set of representative data received in real time to make decisions for optimizing the job sequence program. The paper emphasizes the significance of receiving average formation pressure data during DST operations as it clarifies geological framework of the intervals under investigation and makes it possible to compare them with pressure data obtained by wireline tools when testing reservoirs with low porosity and permeability. The paper demonstrates a testing procedure optimization process which resulted in saving time on one well up to 36 hours and on other two wells – up to 24 and 48 hours, respectively, where acid treatments were considered unnecessary. For the first time, dynamic well testing were completed on the Russian Arctic shelf in four carbonate reservoirs without any fluid recovery on surface, under an optimized testing program. Considering a short navigation season, this technology is ideal for real-time bottomhole data transmission applications.
PWE-145 Characterisation Of Circulating And Liver Infiltrating Mait Cells In Human Inflammatory Liver Diseases (2014)

Introduction Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells are characterised by expression of the semi-invariant TCR α-chain Vα7.2-Jα33 and high expression of CD161 and shown to play a role at mucosal barriers. They display a limited T cell receptor repertoire being restricted by the MHC class 1-related molecule, MR1 but secrete high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines suggesting they may play an important role in liver inflammation. We have shown before that the majority of MAIT cells in circulation are CD8 + MAIT cells. Recently, presence of MIAT cells have been described within human liver perfusate. However, very little is known about the phenotype and functions of liver infiltrating MAIT cells. In this study we investigated the frequencies and phenotypes of human liver infiltrating MAIT cells in healthy donors and diseased livers. Methods Peripheral blood and explanted liver infiltrating lymphocytes were freshly isolated and phenotyped by multicolour flow cytometry. The MAIT population was defined as CD3 + CD16 Hi Va7.2 + . Results There was no difference in frequencies of circulating CD3 Pos CD161 Hi Va7.2 Pos MAIT cells between patients with inflammatory liver disease and healthy controls (1.4 ± 0.7% vs. 2.3 ± 1.0%) and the majority were CD8 Pos (82.3 ± 3.1%) with a smaller population of CD4 Pos (2.7 ± 0.6%) and double negative CD8 Neg CD4 Neg cells (14.8 ± 2.9%). Total CD3 Pos CD161 Hi Va7.2 Pos MAIT frequencies were not significantly altered in inflamed liver tissue compared to blood (4.4 ± 1.0% vs. 1.4 ± 0.7%). However, in the inflamed liver, the CD8 + subset was reduced (61.2 ± 6.2 vs. 82.3 ± 3.1, P = 0.006) while the CD4 + MAIT subset was increased (15.9 ± 5.6 vs. 2.7 ± 0.6, P = 0.02). CXCR3, liver homing chemokine receptor was highly enriched on circulating and liver infiltrating CD3 Pos CD161 Hi Va7.2 Pos MAIT cells (&gt;75%). Liver infiltrating MAIT cells expressed chemokine receptors CCR5 (78.4 ± 7.2), CX3CR1 (51.3 ± 10), CCR6 (46.3 ± 14.8) and CXCR6 (36 ± 6.2%). Interestingly they expressed high levels of the integrin β7 (39.1 ± 3.6) and CD103 (19.6 ± 5.5%), which are associated with mucosal immune responses. They also expressed the cytokine receptors IL23R (27.1 ± 8.5%) and IL18Rα (76.7 ± 5%). Conclusion We have described for the first time that CD3 Pos CD161 Hi Va7.2 Pos MAIT cells are present in inflamed human liver and express high levels of CXCR3 receptor implicated in lymphocyte recruitment to the liver and three other chemokine receptors CX3CR1 and CCR6 and CXCR6 that are associated with homing to portal tracts and bile ducts. Thus MAIT cells may play a role in biliary pathology. Disclosure of Interest None Declared.
The in vitro effect of retinol on human gingival epithelium (1986)

A bstract — An in vitro model of gingival epithelium was used to evaluate the effect of retinol (vitamin A) on this tissue. This system allowed the use of a range of therapeutic and clinically toxic doses of the vitamin. High doses of retinol were toxic to epithelial cells, whereas doses of a therapeutic level produced relatively little change when compared with solvent‐treated and untreated controls. These results reflect clinical studies which demonstrate a lack of response of gingival leukoplakias to retinol treatment, and lend support to the concept that epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions may influence the pattern of differentiation of the human oral mucosa.
Rib Fracture Healing after Osteosynthesis with Wire Mesh Titanium and Screws: A Histological Study in Sheep (1989)

Twenty sheep were placed under general anesthesia and five ribs (6-10) were transected at their lateral angle using a pair of rib shears. The fractures were stabilized by titanium wire mesh plates. After 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks groups of 4 animals were sacrificed and rib samples were prepared for histological examinations. The study showed that the osteosynthesis stabilized the fractures and that the healing is similar to untreated rib fractures. This osteosynthesis method is a good contribution to severe injured chest treatment.
TESTING A NEW METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LEAD EMISSIONS IN AUTOMOBILE EXHAUSTS UNDER NON-STEADY RUNNING CONDITIONS BY ATOMIC ABSORBTION TECHNIQUES (1978)

IT IS POSSIBLE, WITH THE AID OF A DILUTION DUCT, TO EXTRACT PROPORTIONAL FLOW SAMPLES FROM THE EXHAUST GAS OF AN AUTOMOBILE, EVEN UNDER NON-STEADY RUNNING CONDITIONS. THE SAMPLING PROCESS IS ISOKINETIC. THE EXHAUST GAS, WELL DILUTED WITH AIR, IS CONDUCTED DIRECTLY TO THE AIR-ACETYLENE FLAME OF AN ATOMIC ABSORBTION SPECTROMETER AND THERE MEASURED. FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE EMISSION OF LEAD ARE: LEAD CONTENT OF THE FUEL, RATE OF FUEL CONSUMPTION, STORAGE VOLUME OF EXHAUST SYSTEM, PREVIOUS HISTORY OF THE VEHICLE, TEMPERATURE AND RATE OF FLOW OF EXHAUST GAS. IN THE RESEARCH DIVISION OF THE DAIMLER-BENZ AG IT HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED THAT, OWING TO THE STORAGE CAPABILITY OF THE EXHAUST SYSTEM, THE EMISSION OF LEAD COMPOUNDS IS DISPROPORTIONATELY LOW AT LOW SPEEDS, AND DISPROPORTIONATELY HIGH AT HIGH SPEEDS.
Real-time Measurement of Epithelial Barrier Permeability in Human Intestinal Organoids (2017)

Advances in 3D culture of intestinal tissues obtained through biopsy or generated from pluripotent stem cells via directed differentiation, have resulted in sophisticated in vitro models of the intestinal mucosa. Leveraging these emerging model systems will require adaptation of tools and techniques developed for 2D culture systems and animals. Here, we describe a technique for measuring epithelial barrier permeability in human intestinal organoids in real-time. This is accomplished by microinjection of fluorescently-labeled dextran and imaging on an inverted microscope fitted with epifluorescent filters. Real-time measurement of the barrier permeability in intestinal organoids facilitates the generation of high-resolution temporal data in human intestinal epithelial tissue, although this technique can also be applied to fixed timepoint imaging approaches. This protocol is readily adaptable for the measurement of epithelial barrier permeability following exposure to pharmacologic agents, bacterial products or toxins, or live microorganisms. With minor modifications, this protocol can also serve as a general primer on microinjection of intestinal organoids and users may choose to supplement this protocol with additional or alternative downstream applications following microinjection.
Psychosis: clinical insight and beliefs in immigrants in their first episode (2015)

Socio-cultural beliefs about psychosis in immigrants in first-episode psychosis call for more tailored information to this group, and emphasize the importance of treatment interventions involving both a cultural and personal perspective of insight.
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION USING CATIONIC RHODIUM COMPLEXES. II. THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF ALKYNES TO CIS OLEFINS (1976)

Abstract Die Hydridkomplexe (I) und (II), die in situ im Gleichgewicht aus Norbomadien‐phosphinrhodium(I)‐Komplexen und H, entstehen, katalysieren die Reduktion von Alkinen zu cis‐Olefinen.
The modifier of Min 2 ( Mom2 ) locus: Embryonic lethality of a mutation in the Atp5a1 gene suggests a novel mechanism of polyp suppression (2007)

Inactivation of the APC gene is considered the initiating event in human colorectal cancer. Modifier genes that influence the penetrance of mutations in tumor-suppressor genes hold great potential for preventing the development of cancer. The mechanism by which modifier genes alter adenoma incidence can be readily studied in mice that inherit mutations in the Apc gene. We identified a new modifier locus of ApcMin-induced intestinal tumorigenesis called Modifier of Min 2 (Mom2). The polyp-resistant Mom2R phenotype resulted from a spontaneous mutation and linkage analysis localized Mom2 to distal chromosome 18. To obtain recombinant chromosomes for use in refining the Mom2 interval, we generated congenic DBA.B6 ApcMin/+, Mom2R/+ mice. An intercross revealed that Mom2R encodes a recessive embryonic lethal mutation. We devised an exclusion strategy for mapping the Mom2 locus using embryonic lethality as a method of selection. Expression and sequence analyses of candidate genes identified a duplication of four nucleotides within exon 3 of the alpha subunit of the ATP synthase (Atp5a1) gene. Tumor analyses revealed a novel mechanism of polyp suppression by Mom2R in Min mice. Furthermore, we show that more adenomas progress to carcinomas in Min mice that carry the Mom2R mutation. The absence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the Apc locus, combined with the tendency of adenomas to progress to carcinomas, indicates that the sequence of events leading to tumors in ApcMin/+ Mom2R/+ mice is consistent with the features of human tumor initiation and progression.
An Integrated Modular and Standard Cell VLSI Design Approach (1985)

An advanced design method integrating different design approaches is proposed which can attain an optimized chip design within an acceptable turnaround time (TAT). Logic VLSI networks can be generally partitioned into data path logic, control logic, and on-chip memories. The data path logic is primarily realized by using repeatable structured general purpose function blocks, while the control logic is designed using standard cells or programmable logic arrays (PLA's). A cell library and powerful CAD programs are utilized to shorten the TAT. A CMOS 16-bit micro-computer is designed with this approach and compared with a fully automated standard cell chip. A gate density improvement of 30 percent is observed. A design effort of only 20 man-months is achieved.
Identification of defect distribution at ferroelectric domain walls from evolution of nonlinear dielectric response during the aging process (2016)

The motion of ferroelectric domain walls greatly contributes to the macroscopic dielectric and piezoelectric response of ferroelectric materials. The domain-wall motion through the ferroelectric material is, however, hindered by pinning on crystal defects, which substantially reduces these contributions. Here, using thermodynamic models based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory, we find a relation between the microscopic reversible motion of nonferroelastic ${180}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ domain walls interacting with a periodic array of pinning centers and the nonlinear macroscopic permittivity. We show that the reversible motion of domain walls can be split into two basic modes: first, the bending of a domain wall between pinning centers, and, second, the uniform movement of the domain-wall plane. We show that their respective contributions may change when the distribution of pinning centers is rearranged during the material aging. We demonstrate that it is possible to indicate which mechanism of the domain-wall motion is affected during material aging. This allows one to judge whether the defects only homogeneously accumulate at domain walls or prefer to align in certain directions inside the domain-wall plane. We suggest that this information can be obtained using simple macroscopic dielectric measurements and a proper analysis of the nonlinear response. Our results may therefore serve as a simple and useful tool to obtain details on domain-wall pinning in an aging process.
Lower uterine segment thickness measurement in women with previous cesarean section: comparison of 2-D versus 3-D transabdominal sonography (2010)

The 6th International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology (ISUOG) Outreach Course in conjunction with 2nd College of Obstetricians &amp; Gynaecologists, Singapore Scientific Congress, Singapore, 15–17 April 2010.
When Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Work Hand in Hand: A Case Study Characterizing Plant CDF Transcription Factors (2018)

Over the last three decades, novel "omics" platform technologies for the sequencing of DNA and complementary DNA (cDNA) (RNA-Seq), as well as for the analysis of proteins and metabolites by mass spectrometry, have become more and more available and increasingly found their way into general laboratory life. With this, the ability to generate highly multivariate datasets on the biological systems of choice has increased tremendously. However, the processing and, perhaps even more importantly, the integration of "omics" datasets still remains a bottleneck, although considerable computational and algorithmic advances have been made in recent years. In this mini-review, we use a number of recent "multi-omics" approaches realized in our laboratories as a common theme to discuss possible pitfalls of applying "omics" approaches and to highlight some useful tools for data integration and visualization in the form of an exemplified case study. In the selected example, we used a combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics alongside phenotypic analyses to functionally characterize a small number of Cycling Dof Transcription Factors (CDFs). It has to be remarked that, even though this approach is broadly used, the given workflow is only one of plenty possible ways to characterize target proteins.
The miRNAome of Opisthorchis viverrini induced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2014)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive cancer, arising in the biliary ducts that extend into the liver. The highest incidence of ICC occurs in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Mekong River Basin countries of Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam, where it is strongly associated with chronic infection by the food-borne liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (OV), one of only three eukaryote pathogens considered Group one carcinogens. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, with a poor prognosis and survival often less than 24 months. Hence, biomarkers that enable the early detection of ICC would be desirable and have a potentially important impact on the public health in the resource-poor regions where this cancer is most prevalent. As microRNAs (miRNAs) remain well preserved after formalin fixation, there is much interest in developing them as biomarkers that can be investigated using tumor biopsy samples preserved in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor blocks. Recently, we reported the first comprehensive profiling of tissue-based miRNA expression using FFPE from the three most common subtypes of OV-induced ICC tumors: moderately differentiated ICC, papillary ICC, and well-differentiated ICC. We observed that each subtype of OV-induced ICC exhibited a distinct miRNA profile, which suggested the involvement of specific sets of miRNAs in the progression of this cancer. In addition, non-tumor tissue adjacent to ICC tumor tissue on the same FFPE block shared a similar miRNA dysregulation profile with the tumor tissue than with normal (non-tumor) liver tissue (individuals without ICC or OV infection). Herein, we provide a detailed description of the microarray analysis procedures used to derive these findings.
Modulation of the affinity of aspartic proteases by the mutated residues in active site models (1990)

The active sites of 3 types of aspartic proteases are modeled, based on crystallographic coordinates of endothiapepsin and of a model of HIV-1 protease. The enthalpies of deprotonation from neutral to mono-anion and to dianion are calculated with semiempirical minimal neglect of differential overlap, hydrogen bonding corrected (MNDO/H). This quantum mechanical study of models for the active sites of pepsins, human renin and retroviral aspartic proteases demonstrates that the replacements of Thr-218 from pepsins by Ala in human renin and of both Ser-35 and Thr-218 by alanines in retroviral proteases increases the proton affinity and modulates the charge distribution of those active sites compared to the pepsins.
233 Is the Valsalva maneuver able to differentiate between patients with normal and abnormal filling pattern? (2006)

atrial S and SR were evaluated in 4 and 2 chambers view at the level of the apical segment of the septal, lateral, anterior and inferior LA walls, and at the apical segment of the RA free wall. Results: A significant direct correlation was found between PCWP and LA/RA diameters (p=0.005; R=0.63), LA/RA volumes (p=0.004; R=0.73), early diastolic velocity (E wave) and late diastolic velocity (A wave) (p=0.003; R=0.64). A direct correlation was found between diastolic reverse flow duration (Ar dur) and LA telediastolic and telesystolic Volumes (p=0.001; R=0.74). The myocardial atrial S and SR were found to be significantly (p=0.002) lower for each wall (both LA/RA) in patients with DM than in controls. A significant inverse correlation was found between LA/RA S and SR (p=0.03; R=-0.71) and PCWP and LA/RA ejection fraction (EF). An inverse correlation was found between PCWP and Pv (p=0.003; R=-0.63) and a direct correlation with mitral forward A wave (A) (p=0.004; R=0.72). Conclusions: Atrial S and SR and different Tissue Doppler parameters identifie elevated PCWP and diastolic dysfunction grade in DM patients with CAD and authorizes aggressive therapeutic intervention in such patients.
DynamicFusion: Reconstruction and tracking of non-rigid scenes in real-time (2015)

We present the first dense SLAM system capable of reconstructing non-rigidly deforming scenes in real-time, by fusing together RGBD scans captured from commodity sensors. Our DynamicFusion approach reconstructs scene geometry whilst simultaneously estimating a dense volumetric 6D motion field that warps the estimated geometry into a live frame. Like KinectFusion, our system produces increasingly denoised, detailed, and complete reconstructions as more measurements are fused, and displays the updated model in real time. Because we do not require a template or other prior scene model, the approach is applicable to a wide range of moving objects and scenes.
Chromatically multi-focal optics based on micro-lens array design (2020)

CCD arrays encode color information via uniformly distributed red, green and blue pixels. Therefore, even a perfectly achromatic system projecting an image onto a CCD plane cannot possibly associate a single object point with the 3 or more discrete pixels encoding color content. Here, we propose and demonstrate a micro-lens array (MLA) design that simultaneously corrects chromatic aberrations and separates color channels to spatially distinct pixels. Starting from a commercially available aspheric condenser lens, methods to design and assess the performance of a few microns deep MLA etched on the convex optical surface are detailed. Actual fabrication is carried out by fluid jet polishing, with an optical form deviation of 0.24 µm rms. Finally, the MLA is assessed with a narrowly collimated beam containing two wavelengths, which produces distinct spots of diameter 10-15 µm as expected.
Disclosing disability in the context of professional regulation: a qualitative UK study (2011)

In the UK, the ‘fitness to practice’ criteria that allow regulatory bodies to use health standards to restrict entry to the human professions have resulted in some disabled people being excluded from this workforce. Disclosure of disability is therefore a risky process for those aiming to practice or train in nursing, social work and teaching. This research, commissioned to inform the Disability Rights Commission's Formal Investigation into fitness standards in the professions, was undertaken in 2006–07 and explored experiences of disability disclosure amongst professionals. Interviews with 60 practitioners and students, most of whom had unseen disabilities, revealed considerable variations in the extent of disclosure. Disclosure was perceived as having the potential to exclude participants from their chosen profession. Two overlapping models of disability disclosure emerged from data analysis. The study concludes that abolishing health standards for the professions would increase disability disclosure and decrease the stigma associated with disability.
Subcritical Twice-Running-Speed Vibrations of a Non-Ideal Rotor-Bearing-System: Simulation and Experiments (2012)

Subcritical twice-running-speed resonances of a paper machine tube roll are studied in this paper. Resonances arise partly from the non-idealities of the rotor and partly from the non-idealities of the bearings. Resonances are affecting the quality of end product and therefore have to be studied precisely. The complex rotor-bearing system is modeled by using a flexible multibody simulation approach. Non-idealities of the rotor-bearing system are measured from the existing structure under investigation and the parameters of the real structure are emulated as accurately as possible in the simulation model. The simulation model is verified using the results from experimental modal analysis and the measurement results for the subcritical twice-running-speed response of the roll. The inertia modeling of the flexible rotor is also studied. It is found that inertia coupling between the rigid body rotation and body deformation must be included into analysis in order to achieve accurate results.