gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mid-Holocene warming in the northwest Kola Peninsula, Russia: northern pine-limit movement and stable isotope evidence (2003)

A set of 40 subfossil Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) was sampled in small lakes beyond the modernpine limit in the northwest Kola Peninsula, Russia. Radiocarbon dating suggests that the pine expanded north of its present-day limit between 7000 and 3500yr BP. The most extensive occurrence of pine forests was reconstructed between 6250 and 5750 yr BP. Numerous samples collected from trunks and stubs in situ clearly indicate lower lake levels between 6200 and 4400 yr BP. Living and 14 C dated subfossil pine samples were analysed for the mean carbon, oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope composition of their wood cellulose. The mean δ 13 C, δ 18 O and δ 2 H values of the wood samples from the mid-Holocene time are C. 1.1%, 0. 9 % and lock, respectively - more positive than those of living trees in this region. These results suggest that the mid-Holocene climate in the region was warmer and drier than nowadays. The data agree with previous palynological, macrofossil and limnological studies from northernmost Fennoscandia. During the late-Holocene climatic deterioration after c. 3500 yr BP, the decline of the northern pine limit was synchronous with other parts of northern Eurasia. Comparison with dated pine series from the north-central Kola Peninsula and Finnish Lapland suggests that the decline of the northernmost pine limit in the eastern part of the area may have occurred somewhat earlier than in the western part.
Conversion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the phenotype characteristic of strains from patients with cystic fibrosis (1990)

Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients are unusual; they are often susceptible to the bactericidal effect of human serum, have a rough lipopolysaccharide, and produce an exopolysaccharide that is responsible for the characteristic mucoid phenotype. In contrast, strains from the environment and from patients with other diseases usually have smooth lipopolysaccharide, do not produce very much mucoid exopolysaccharide, and are phenotypically nonmucoid. The predominance of mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa in infections of patients with cystic fibrosis has not been explained. In the lower airways, where P. aeruginosa persists in cystic fibrosis, nutrients for bacterial growth may be limited. We investigated whether growth of P. aeruginosa under conditions of suboptimal nutrition causes conversion to the characteristic cystic fibrosis phenotype. Ninety-two strains of P. aeruginosa were maintained for up to 90 days in a minimal medium with acetamide as the sole carbon source. In 56 (52%) of 107 cultures, isolates with rough lipopolysaccharide emerged, and in 20 (19%) of 104 nonmucoid cultures, mucoid isolates were recovered. Strains with rough lipopolysaccharide also were sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal human serum. Under conditions of suboptimal nutrition in vitro, isolates of P. aeruginosa emerged that produced rough lipopolysaccharide and were mucoid, typical of many isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. This peculiar phenotype may arise as a consequence of nutritional limitation within the cystic fibrosis respiratory tract rather than from features unique to these strains of bacteria.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SIMPLE AND COMPLEX CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED BINDERS (2000)

This research focused on the evaluation of using crumb rubber modifier (CRM) in asphalt binders. The increasing usage of CRM in asphalt pavements requires a better understanding of the physical, chemical, and rheological properties of CRM so that its performance in the field can be more accurately predicted. The existing literature regarding CRM in asphalt binders has been focused on using either conventional binder testing procedures or the Superpave binder testing protocol. It is believed that Superpave binder specifications cannot be extended to all modified binders, since certain simplifications are used in the current specification that cannot estimate their contribution to pavement performance under different traffic and pavement structure conditions. Therefore the benefits of using crumb rubber for modification of asphalt needs more detailed evaluation using an extended set of testing methods. This report shows the results of the binder testing and analysis of these results to quantify the effects of size and concentration of CRM on critical binder properties related to construction and performance of hot mix asphalt in pavements. The evaluation was conducted by measuring the change in performance-related properties of the selected asphalt binders as a result of mixing various levels of CRM content and particle with asphalts. Testing was conducted at different temperatures, testing frequencies, and strain conditions using methods recently developed as part of the NCHRP 9-10 project (Superpave Protocols for Asphalt Binders). Statistical analysis was used to develop models that predict the nature of effects on the performance-related properties of asphalts and that can quantify the role of different variables. The results of the research indicate that the inclusion of crumb rubber does affect some of the properties of the asphalt binder, and that the effects differ based on the size and concentration of crumb rubber added. It was found that the viscosities of asphalt binders increase when there is an increased concentration of crumb rubber, and when the size of the crumb rubber used is decreased. It was also found that crumb rubber modified asphalt binders have increased dependency on mechanical working, higher strain dependency, increased strain at failure, and increased stress at failure. On the mixture end, it was found that the belief that crumb rubber modification of asphalt binders would result in a rebound effect, or increase in mix volume, was unfounded. The presence of crumb rubber modifier did affect the amount of air voids and the frictional resistance of a mixture. The effects were, however, dependent on the stage of densification, and were also influenced by other material characteristics in some cases.
Volatile N-nitrosamines in the urine of normal donors and of bladder cancer patients. (1979)

Volatile N-nitrosamines were detected in the urine of male volunteers with gas-liquid and high-pressure liquid chromatography interfaced to the thermal energy analyzer. Of 50 samples from normal males, 10 contained nitrosodimethylamine (0.02 to 0.10 micrograms/liter), 6 contained nitrosodiethylamine (0.02 to 3.10), 9 contained nitrosomorpholine (0.006 to 0.67), and none contained nitrosodibutylamine. Of 4 samples from bladder cancer patients, 2 contained nitrosodibutylamine (0.35 and 0.66). Cigarette smoking did not appear to be related to the pattern or amount of urinary volatile N-nitrosamines. The possibility that the N-nitrosamines arise from the diet or from endogenous production is considered.
Substrate temperature dependence of microcrystallinity in plasma-deposited, boron-doped hydrogenated silicon alloys (1983)

The glow-discharge decomposition of silane diluted in hydrogen using diborane as a dopant results in the deposition of p-type microcrystalline silicon films at relatively low temperatures. The conductivity of these films is critically dependent on the substrate temperature when the ratio of silane flow rate to total gas flow rate is 1%. Electron micrographs show that highly conducting films contain numerous clusters of 2.5-nm crystallites that are embedded in an amorphous medium.
Ein allgemeines Konzept zur formalen Modellierung von Top-Down-Programmentwicklungsmethoden (1992)

In den vergangenen Kapiteln haben wir Programmentwicklungsmethoden in dynamischer Logik formalisiert, die das Problem auf sehr verschiedene Weise angehen. Damit haben wir nicht nur den Nachweis erbracht, daß die dynamische Logik in Verbindung mit PPL ein mächtiger und für unsere Zwecke geeigneter Formalismus ist, sondern wir haben auch Erkenntnisse darüber gewonnen, welche Beschreibungsmittel für solche Formalisierungen adäquat sind.
The Password Literacy in North Macedonia (2019)

Following the repeated reports of high prevalence of functional illiteracy in the countries of the Western Balkans, we go on to study the password composition habits of cultural groups from this region. Ina password cracking experiment, we obtain and analyze a number of passwords composed for use in learning management systems (LMS) by recent high-school graduates from North Macedonia. We estimate the strength of these passwords and their crackability by methods adjusted to local cultural specifics. Our results indicate that high extent of general illiteracy is intertwined with low awareness about good password practices, which in turn may lead to creating various vulnerabilities to deployed systems and confidential data. We conclude that, in the studied region, there is an immediate need for educating the population of good password practices and good system and data security practices in general.
Analysis of the graft bending angle at the femoral tunnel aperture in anatomic double bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a comparison of the transtibial and the far anteromedial portal technique (2008)

The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the three dimensional bending angle of the graft at the femoral tunnel aperture in the transtibial and the far anteromedial portal technique. Seven fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees were used. Six degrees-of-freedom of knee kinematics and knee position data were measured using an electromagnetic device and the three dimensional bending angles of the each graft at the femoral tunnel aperture were calculated by computer simulation. Additionally, in order to assess the stress on the graft, the length change between the femoral and tibial attachment sites of the AM and PL bundle were calculated. The maximum length of each bundle was detected at full extension of the knee. The relative change of the length of the PL bundle in the range of 70 degrees -0 degrees of knee flexion was significantly larger than that of the AM bundle. (P < 0.05) Maximum graft bending angles in both techniques were obtained at full extension where the graft was fully stretched. The AM and PL graft bending angles in the transtibial technique were significantly larger than in the far anteromedial portal technique at low flexion angle (AM: 0 degrees -10 degrees , PL: 0 degrees -50 degrees ) (P < 0.01). This suggests use of the far anteromedial portal technique might result in lower stress on the graft at the femoral tunnel aperture and therefore might reduce graft damage.
An Optimized Multi-stream Decoding Algorithm for Handwritten Word Recognition (2011)

This paper is focused on the optimization of the computational efficiency of a multi-stream word recognition system. The aim of this work is to optimize the multi-stream decoding step in order to reduce the recognition time and the complexity to allow combining a large number of streams. Two different multi-stream decoding strategies are compared based on two-level and HMM-recombination algorithms. Experiments carried out on public handwritten word databases show significant speed gains at decoding while keeping the same performances, in addition to new insights for combining a large number of streams.
Modification of Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Alterations in Subcellular Organelles by Ischemic Preconditioning (2022)

It is now well established that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with the compromised recovery of cardiac contractile function. Such an adverse effect of I/R injury in the heart is attributed to the development of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overload, which are known to induce remodeling of subcellular organelles such as sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and myofibrils. However, repeated episodes of brief periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion or ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been shown to improve cardiac function and exert cardioprotective actions against the adverse effects of prolonged I/R injury. This protective action of IP in attenuating myocardial damage and subcellular remodeling is likely to be due to marked reductions in the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overload in cardiomyocytes. In addition, the beneficial actions of IP have been attributed to the depression of proteolytic activities and inflammatory levels of cytokines as well as the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-mediated signal transduction pathway. Accordingly, this review is intended to describe some of the changes in subcellular organelles, which are induced in cardiomyocytes by I/R for the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overload and highlight some of the mechanisms for explaining the cardioprotective effects of IP.
Towards lab-on-a-chip diagnostics for malaria elimination (2017)

Malaria continues to be one of the most devastating diseases impacting global health. Although there have been significant reductions in global malaria incidence and mortality rates over the past 17 years, the disease remains endemic throughout the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization has put forth ambitious milestones moving toward a world free of malaria as part of the United Nations Millennium Goals. Mass screening and treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infections in endemic regions is integral to these goals and requires diagnostics that are both sensitive and affordable. Lab-on-a-chip technologies provide a path toward sensitive, portable, and affordable diagnostic platforms. Here, we review and compare currently-available and emerging lab-on-a-chip diagnostic approaches in three categories: (1) protein-based tests, (2) nucleic acid tests, and (3) cell-based detection. For each category, we highlight the opportunities and challenges in diagnostics development for malaria elimination, and comment on their applicability to different phases of elimination strategies.
Targeting of microRNA-22 Suppresses Tumor Spread in a Mouse Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

microRNA-22 (miR-22) is an oncogenic miRNA whose up-regulation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor invasion, and metastasis in hormone-responsive breast cancer. Here we show that miR-22 plays a key role in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) by promoting EMT and aggressiveness in 2D and 3D cell models and a mouse xenograft model of human TNBC, respectively. Furthermore, we report that miR-22 inhibition using an LNA-modified antimiR-22 compound is effective in reducing EMT both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of miR-22 suppressed metastatic spread and markedly prolonged survival in mouse xenograft models of metastatic TNBC highlighting the potential of miR-22 silencing as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TNBC.
Different expression of the catalytic alpha subunits of the AMP activated protein kinase--an immunohistochemical study in human tissue. (2011)

AMPK is an ubiquitously distributed multienzyme complex. It is an important energy sensor and regulator of cellular metabolic activity. In this study we analyzed for the first time the cellular distribution of the catalytically active subunits AMPKα1 and α2 in different human tissues by immunohistochemistry. We found different expression patterns for both isoforms. AMPKα2 expression clearly dominates in skeletal myocytes and cardiomyocytes, whereas AMPKα1 dominates in a number of secreting cells, like mammary glands, islets of langerhans and cells of the colon crypts.
Stability and robustness analysis for a multispecies chemostat model with delays in the growth rates and uncertainties (2018)

We study a chemostat model with an arbitrary number of competing species, one substrate, and constant dilution rates. We allow delays in the growth rates and additive uncertainties. Using constant inputs of certain species, we derive bounds on the sizes of the delays that ensure asymptotic stability of an equilibrium when the uncertainties are zero, which can allow persistence of multiple species. Under delays and uncertainties, we provide bounds on the delays and on the uncertainties that ensure input-to-state stability with respect to uncertainties.
The Design of a Unified Package for the Solution of Stochastic Petri Net Models. (1984)

Abstract : This paper describes the philosophical differences between three current Stochastic Petri Net models in an attempt to merge the most important (and non-contradictory) aspects into one. It previews the design of a package for the solution of this unified model.
Lattices Without a Big Constant and With Noise (2022)

We show how Frieze's analysis of subset sum solving using lattices can be done with out any large constants and without flipping. We apply the variant without the large constant to inputs with noise.
Isolation and partial characterization of Bacillus subtilis mutants impaired in DNA entry (1982)

Transformation-deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis have been identified either by screening for a nuclease-deficient phenotype on methyl green-DNA agar or for nontransformability on transforming DNA-containing agar. After purification of the mutations causing a reduction in the entry of DNA, a set of isogenic entry-deficient strains was obtained. In addition to being entry deficient to various extents, the strains usually were less capable of association with DNA than the entry-proficient parent. Likewise, the specific transforming activity in the purified mutant strains continued to be less than that in the wild type. With the possible exception of one strain, no evidence was obtained that the mutant strains were impaired in recombination. Since the breakdown of transforming DNA to acid-soluble products correlated fairly well with the residual capacity of the strains to take up DNA, nucleolytic activity is likely to be involved in the entry of DNA in B. subtilis.
Influence of shielding gas on fume formation rate for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of plain carbon steel (2009)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a valuable method for understanding the gene function and holds great potential for insect pest management. While RNAi is efficient and systemic in coleopteran insects, RNAi is inefficient in lepidopteran insects. In this study, we explored the possibility of improving RNAi in the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda cells by formulating dsRNA with Cellfectin II (CFII) transfection reagent. The CFII formulated dsRNA was protected from degradation by endonucleases present in Sf9 cells conditioned medium, hemolymph and midgut lumen contents collected from the FAW larvae. Lipid formulated dsRNA also showed reduced accumulation in the endosomes of Sf9 cells and FAW tissues. Exposing Sf9 cells and tissues to CFII formulated dsRNA caused a significant knockdown of endogenous genes. CFII formulated dsIAP fed to FAW larvae induced knockdown of iap gene, growth retardation and mortality. Processing of dsRNA into siRNA was detected in Sf9 cells and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae treated with CFII conjugated <sup>32</sup> P-UTP labeled dsGFP. Overall, the present study concluded that delivering dsRNA formulated with CFII transfection reagent helps dsRNA escapes from the endosomal accumulation and improved RNAi efficiency in the FAW cells and tissues.
Using the Sub-Glass Transition Vibrational Dynamics to Predict Protein Stability in the Solid State: Fact or Fiction? (2019)

The $β$-relaxation associated with the sub-glass transition temperature ($T_{\text{g},β}$) is attributed to fast, localised molecular motions which can occur below the primary glass transition temperature ($T_{gα}$). Despite $T_{\text{g},β}$ being observed well-below storage temperatures, the $β$-relaxation associated motions have been hypothesised to influence protein stability in the solid state and could thus impact the quality of, e.g. protein powders for inhalation or reconstitution and injection. However, to date, there is no comprehensive explanation in the literature which answers the question: How is protein stability during storage influenced by the $β$-relaxation? Here, we connect the shape of the potential energy surface (PES) to data obtained from our own (storage) stability study, to answer this question. The 52-week stability study was conducted on a selection of multi-component monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations. Solid state dynamics of the formulations were probed using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
Fluorescence behavior of polymer liquid crystals with mesogenic cyanobiphenyl side chains (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence behavior of polymer liquid crystals with mesogenic cyanobiphenyl side chainsSeiji Kurihara, Tomiki Ikeda, and Shigeo TazukeCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 7, 1590–1594Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00059a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00059a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparative molecular field analysis of some clodronic acid esters (1991)

Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) has been used as a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) method to correlate three different types of biological activity data with physicochemical properties of some clodronate ester analogues, which act as bone-resorption regulators in cell cultures and rats. The QSAR studies show the importance of the steric properties of these new bisphosphonate derivatives for the inhibition of bone resorption in bone cell cultures and for their bioavailability in rats. This information will be used in predicting the structure of new more potent bisphosphonic compounds.
Latency-Aware Control for Wireless Cloud Fog Automation: Framework and Case Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The development of wireless communication has indeed promoted cloud fog automation in the industry. It also introduces new issues of reliability and latency for control systems. This study sought to investigate the impacts of the commonly used industrial wireless network on the control performance parameters using a ball-and-beam (BB) time-critical balancing control system. An internal model control-inspired latency-aware wireless control framework (IMC-LA) is presented and employed in the BB system to handle the time delays and instability-creating elements introduced by wireless communication. A preliminary control assessment of the BB system under two new-generation wireless technologies, Wi-Fi 6 and 5G, was delivered. The correlation between network performance and control performance was analyzed statistically compared to the wired Ethernet condition. Test results show a dramatic decrease in position error after utilizing the proposed latency-aware wireless control framework. This study provides practical insights into the potential impacts of industrial wireless networks on control systems with a workable latency-aware wireless control approach.&lt;/p&gt;