gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Loss of the adhesion molecule CEACAM1 is associated with early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion‐positive prostate cancers (2020)

Altered expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) has been linked to adverse tumor features in various cancer types. To better understand the role of CEACAM1 in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing tumor spots from 17,747 prostate cancer patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Normal prostate glands showed intense membranous CEACAM1 positivity. Immunostaining was interpretable in 13,625 cancers and was considered high in 28%, low in 43% and absent in 29% of tumors. Low and lost CEACAM1 expression was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, a high number of genomic deletions and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). Subset analysis of molecularly defined cancer subsets revealed that these associations were strongest in V-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) fusion-positive cancers and that CEACAM1 loss was prognostic even in tumors harboring genomic deletions of the phosphatase and tensin homolog tumor suppressor (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis suggested that CEACAM1 analysis can provide independent prognostic information beyond established prognosis parameters at the stage of the initial biopsy when therapy decisions must be taken. In conclusion, loss of CEACAM1 expression predicts poor prognosis in prostate cancer and might provide clinically useful prognostic information particularly in cancers harboring the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion.
일부 기혼 치과위생사의 직장-가정갈등에 영향을 미치는 요인 (2018)

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting job satisfaction, job stress, turnover intention, work-family and family-work relationship of married dental hygienists with young children. Methods: 242 copies of self-reported questionnaires were analyzed. Statistical analysis of collected data was conducted using the statistical program of Stata 13.0 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). Results: Turnover intention was higher when the child age was lower and the child support and parenting stress were higher. But when working hours were adjustable, the turnover intention was low. Job stress was higher as the position, monthly income and night working hours were higher. Job satisfaction was higher as night work was fewer, work time was adjustable and family life satisfaction was higher. When parenting stress was high, job satisfaction was low and job stress and turnover intention were high. Work-family relationships were more affected by lower monthly income and parents-first child caregivers. Workplace factors affecting the family life were monthly income, caregiver and number of night work. The higher the parenting stress, the greater the mutual influence between family and work life. Age, family life, parenting stress and turnover intention were identified to affect family-work relationship. Parenting stress and job stress were identified to be influential on work-family relationship. Conclusions: Married dental hygienists are leaving the clinical setting due to their marriage and childbirth, or showing the effects on family-work and work-family relationships due to parenting. Efforts should be made to efficiently utilize professional manpower and to improve the psychological and physical working environment surrounding the married dental hygienists.
A cadastral geometry management system (1995)

Abstract This paper looks at methods of building and managing a digital cadastral system directly from dimensional data.
Alocação ótima de dispositivos de manobra e proteção para planejamento de sistemas de distribuição (2016)

O presente trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para o planejamento da expansão de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica de média tensão, através da alocação ótima de equipamentos de manobra e de proteção. A proposta se enquadra na fase de planejamento associada à maximização da conﬁabilidade no fornecimento de energia, com mínimo custo de investimento. A técnica de otimização meta-heurística e bio inspirada denominada sistemasimunológicosartiﬁciaisépropostaparaaplicaçãoaﬁmdetratardemodoeﬁciente a característica discreta do problema de alocação de equipamentos. Um algoritmo de seleção clonal, que aplica os fundamentos da técnica citada considerando as características deredesdedistribuição, éutilizado. Índicesdeconﬁabilidadedadistribuiçãosãoutilizados para avaliar a qualidade de soluções candidatas, juntamente com os respectivos custos de investimento. Portanto, as possíveis soluções são avaliadas mediante a busca de um compromisso adequado entre conﬁabilidade e custo, ambos critérios considerados nos procedimentos da distribuição de energia elétrica referentes à planejamento da expansão. Restrições como a presença de determinados dispositivos em pontos pré-especiﬁcados da rede são observadas e atendidas. Os equipamentos contemplados são chaves seccionadoras e de interconexão, manuais ou automáticas, disjuntores e fusíveis. Estudos de casos com quatro sistemas teste conhecidos da literatura especializada são apresentados.
pDUAL, a multipurpose, multicopy vector capable of chromosomal integration in fission yeast (2004)

A novel series of plasmid vectors named pDUAL have been developed. These vectors enable one to introduce not only multicopies of genes with episomal maintenance but also a single copy with chromosomal integration into the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The multicopy plasmids can be easily converted to fragments for chromosomal integration by digestion of the plasmids with a certain restriction endonuclease before transformation of the yeast cells. The resultant fragments, lacking the autonomously replicating sequence, are designed for targeting into the chromosomal leu1 locus by homologous recombination. Whether the transformants are the results of episomal maintenance of the plasmid or homologous gene targeting can be readily checked by their requirement for uracil or leucine, or by the PCR diagnostic analysis. Furthermore, we propose the use of pDUAL derivatives for PCR-based chromosomal tagging of a gene to introduce several tags into 5'-terminus of a gene, employing a set of primers. Using these all-in-one vectors, a suitable mode of expression of a cloned gene can be selected for individual analysis without any complicated subcloning processes.
A closed form recursive solution for Maximum Correntropy training (2010)

This paper presents a closed form recursive solution for training adaptive filters using the Maximum Correntropy Criterion (MCC). Correntropy has been recently proposed as a robust similarity measure between two random variables or signals, when the pdfs involved are heavy tailed and non-Gaussian. Maximizing the cross-correntropy between the output of an adaptive filter and the desired response leads to the Maximum Correntropy Criterion for adaptive systems training. We show that a closed form, recursive solution of the filter weights using this criterion yields a simple weighted least squares like formulation. Our simulations show that training the filter weights using this recursive solution is much faster than gradient based training, and more accurate than the RLS algorithm in cases where the error pdf is non-Gaussian and heavy tailed.
Quality of Cutting Edge of Thick Steel Plate Cut by CO2 Laser. (1991)

There are many papers that deal with the edge quality of mild steel that has been cut by a CO2 laser. Most of these papers, however, refer to a thin plate, less than 6mm thick. For plates thicker than 9mm, as the cutting speed decreases, the difference between the cutting speed and the oxidizing reaction speed Produces an even rougher edge. Therefore, CO2 laser cutting cannot provide versatility over a wide range of thick plate applications. This study deals with improving the edge quality of mild steel 12mm thick. Using high-frequency, low-duty pulses the groove size produced by the oxidizing reaction is reduced. Moreover, a beam energy of higher peak power can be transmitted through a greater thickness than possible during CW cutting. As a result, the pitch of the grooves generated on the cut edge is reduced, and the edge quality is greatly improved.
Results and analysis of the 2008–2009 Insulin Injection Technique Questionnaire survey (2010)

It is clear from the latest survey that we have improved in certain areas, but that, in others, we have either not moved at all or our efforts have not yielded the results we expected. The results of the present survey are available online on a country-by-country and question-by-question basis at http://www.titan-workshop.org.
Optimal design of waveguiding periodic structures (2003)

The design of some 1D waveguiding photonic bandgap (PBG) devices and Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) for microstrain based sensing applications has been carried out by a model based on the Bloch-Floquet theorem. A lwo loss, very narrow passband GaAs PBG filter for the operating wavelength &lambda; = 1.55 &mu;m, having an air bridge configuration, was designed and simulated. Moreover, a resonant Si on glass PBG device has been designed to obtain the resonance condition at &lambda;= 1.55 &mu;m. Finally, a FBG-based microstrain sensor design has been carried out, having an array of 32 FBG. A complete analysis of the propagation characteristics, electromagnetic field harmonics and total field distribution, transmission and reflection coefficients, guided and raidated power, and total losses, enabled the optimization of the design in a very short CPU time.
Alloy scattering potential in p-type Ga1−xAlxAs (1983)

The two-band transport model is expanded in order to analyze the Hall mobility of p-type III–V compound semiconductors. Using this model, the drift and the Hall mobilities can be calculated separately. The alloy scattering as an additional scattering mechanism in alloy semiconductor systems is assumed and the Hall mobility of p-type Ga1−xAlxAs is analyzed. By comparing the theoretically calculated Hall mobility with the reported Hall mobility data of high purity p-GaAs, the acoustic phonon deformation potential and the optical phonon deformation potential were found to be 7.0 and 11.5 eV, respectively. Theoretical calculations showed that the acoustic and nonpolar optical phonon scattering are more prominent than the polar optical phonon scattering at 300 K in the entire Al compositional range. The alloy scattering potential was determined comparing the theoretically calculated values with the Hall mobility of liquid phase epitaxial p-type Ga1−xAlxAs. Best agreement in the compositional variation at room temperature and the temperature variation was found with the alloy scattering potential of 0.7 eV.
Microfluidic culture platform for studying neuronal response to mild to very mild axonal stretch injury (2014)

A new model for studying localised axonal stretch injury is presented, using a microfluidic device to selectively culture axons on a thin, flexible poly (dimethylsiloxane) membrane which can be deflected upward to stretch the axons. A very mild (0.5% strain) or mild stretch injury (5% strain) was applied to primary cortical neurons after 7 days growth in vitro. The extent of distal degeneration was quantified using the degenerative index (DI, the ratio of fragmented axon area to total axon area) of axons fixed at 24 h and 72 h post injury (PI), and immunolabelled for the axon specific, microtubule associated protein-tau. At 24 h PI following very mild injuries (0.5%), the majority of the axons remained intact and healthy with no significant difference in DI when compared to the control, but at 72 h PI, the DI increased significantly (DI = 0.11 ± 0.03). Remarkably, dendritic beading in the somal compartment was observed at 24 h PI, indicative of dying back degeneration. When the injury level was increased (5% stretch, mild injury), microtubule fragmentation along the injured axons was observed, with a significant increase in DI at 24 h PI (DI = 0.17 ± 0.02) and 72 h PI (DI = 0.18 ± 0.01), relative to uninjured axons. The responses observed for both mild and very mild injuries are similar to those observed in the in vivo models of traumatic brain injury, suggesting that this model can be used to study neuronal trauma and will provide new insights into the cellular and molecular alterations characterizing the neuronal response to discrete axonal injury.
Synthesis and Characterization of High Affinity Inhibitors of the H+/Peptide Transporter PEPT2 (2002)

In this study, we describe the rational synthesis and functional analysis of novel high affinity inhibitors for the mammalian peptide transporter PEPT2. Moreover, we demonstrate which structural properties convert a transported compound into a non-translocated inhibitor. Starting from Lys[Z(NO(2))]-Pro (where Z is benzyloxycarbonyl), which we recently identified as the first competitive high affinity inhibitor of the intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1, a series of different lysine-containing dipeptide derivatives was synthesized and studied for interaction with PEPT2 based on transport competition assays in Pichia pastoris yeast cells expressing PEPT2 heterologously and in renal SKPT cells expressing PEPT2. In addition, the two-electrode voltage clamp technique in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing PEPT2 was used to determine whether the compounds are transported electrogenically or block the uptake of dipeptides. Synthesis and functional analysis of Lys-Lys derivatives containing benzyloxycarbonyl or 4-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl side chain protections provided a set of inhibitors that reversibly inhibited the uptake of dipeptides by PEPT2 with K(i) values as low as 10 +/- 1 nm. This is the highest affinity of a ligand of PEPT2 ever reported. Moreover, based on the structure-function relationship, we conclude that the spatial location of the side chain amino protecting group in a dipeptide containing a diaminocarbonic acid and its intramolecular distance from the Calpha atom are key factors for the transformation of a substrate into an inhibitor of PEPT2.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Multiple Functionalization of Arene CH Bonds (2022)

Abstract Multiple functionalization of environmentally different C(arene)H bonds with distinct functional groups is synthetically important. This process introduces various functionalities in the molecule, making the easily accessible less‐functionalized compounds to structurally complex molecular scaffolds. Although symmetrical multiple functionalizations of C(arene)H bonds are largely well explored, the unsymmetrical multiple functionalization of C(arene)H bonds is often nonselective, uncontrolled, and unproductive. This article briefly discusses the conceptual growth in ruthenium (Ru)‐catalyzed symmetrical and unsymmetrical multifold functionalizations of C(arene)H bonds, which is exceedingly appealing and highly important.
Structural Basis for Degenerate Recognition of Natural HIV Peptide Variants by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes (2006)

It is well established that even small changes in amino acid side chains of antigenic peptide bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) protein may completely abrogate recognition of the peptide-MHC (pMHC) complex by the T cell receptor (TCR). Often, however, several nonconservative substitutions in the peptide antigen are accommodated and do not impair its recognition by TCR. For example, a preponderance of natural sequence variants of the human immunodeficiency virus p17 Gag-derived peptide SLYNTVATL (SL9) are recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which implies that interactions with SL9 variants are degenerate both with respect to the class I MHC molecule and with respect to TCR. Here we study the molecular basis for this degenerate recognition of SL9 variants. We show that several SL9 variants bind comparably well to soluble HLA-A2 and to a particular soluble TCR and that these variants are active in the cognate cytotoxicity assay. Natural SL9 variation is restricted by its context in the HIV p17 matrix protein. High resolution crystal structures of seven selected SL9 variants bound to HLA-A2 all have remarkably similar peptide conformations and side-chain dispositions outside sites of substitution. This preservation of the peptide conformation despite epitope variations suggests a mechanism for the observed degeneracy in pMHC recognition by TCR and may contribute to the persistence of SL9-mediated immune responses in chronically infected individuals.
Long-term safety of nebulized formoterol: Results of a twelve-month open-label clinical trial (2008)

of safety monitoring for adverse events, laboratory values, and cardiac changes were similar between treatment groups. Three hundred forty (73%) of FFIS-treated subjects and 83 (78%) of FA-treated subjects experienced an adverse event over the course of the study, the majority of which were mild to moderate and considered unrelated to treatment. COPD exacerbation occurred in 15.8% of FFIS-treated and 17.9% of FA-treated subjects. Deaths, serious adverse events, and discontinuations for adverse events occurred in 1.3, 16.2, and 5.4% of the nebulized group versus 1.9, 17.9, and 7.5% of the inhaled group, respectively. There were no clinically important changes from baseline in laboratory tests, including serum potassium and glucose, or vital signs and no treatment-related increases in cardiac arrhythmias, heart rate, or QTc prolongation. We conclude that nebulized formoterol fumarate twice daily is well tolerated over long-term treatment in moderate-to-severe COPD subjects and has a similar safety profile to the DPI formulation.
Training Set Debugging Using Trusted Items (2018)

Training set bugs are flaws in the data that adversely affect machine learning. The training set is usually too large for manual inspection, but one may have the resources to verify a few trusted items. The set of trusted items may not by itself be adequate for learning, so we propose an algorithm that uses these items to identify bugs in the training set and thus improves learning. Specifically, our approach seeks the smallest set of changes to the training set labels such that the model learned from this corrected training set predicts labels of the trusted items correctly. We flag the items whose labels are changed as potential bugs, whose labels can be checked for veracity by human experts. To find the bugs in this way is a challenging combinatorial bilevel optimization problem, but it can be relaxed into a continuous optimization problem.Experiments on toy and real data demonstrate that our approach can identify training set bugs effectively and suggest appropriate changes to the labels. Our algorithm is a step toward trustworthy machine learning.
Ga0.47In0.53As/InP multiquantum well structures observed by scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum (1991)

First Page
A Double Q-Learning Approach for Navigation of Aerial Vehicles with Connectivity Constraint (2020)

This paper studies the trajectory optimization problem for an aerial vehicle with the mission of flying between a pair of given initial and final locations. The objective is to minimize the travel time of the aerial vehicle ensuring that the communication connectivity constraint required for the safe operation of the aerial vehicle is satisfied. We consider two different criteria for the connectivity constraint of the aerial vehicle which leads to two different scenarios. In the first scenario, we assume that the maximum continuous time duration that the aerial vehicle is out of the coverage of the ground base stations (GBSs) is limited to a given threshold. In the second scenario, however, we assume that the total time periods that the aerial vehicle is not covered by the GBSs is restricted. Based on these two constraints, we formulate two trajectory optimization problems. To solve these non-convex problems, we use an approach based on the double Q-learning method which is a model-free reinforcement learning technique and unlike the existing algorithms does not need perfect knowledge of the environment. Moreover, in contrast to the well-known Qlearning technique, our double Q-learning algorithm does not suffer from the over-estimation issue. Simulation results show that although our algorithm does not require prior information of the environment, it works well and shows near optimal performance.
Localized Pressure‐Induced Ferroelectric Pattern Arrays of Semicrystalline Poly(vinylidene fluoride) by Microimprinting (2007)

A polymer ferroelectric array embedded in an insulating paraelectric medium, with potential uses in nonvolatile memories, is fabricated by microimprinting poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) a patterned poly(dimethylsiloxane) with mold. The localized pressure induces a polymorphic transition into ferroelectric γ-type PVDF, whereas the unpressed raised areas (see figure) remain of the α type (paraelectric).
Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of routine ototoxicity screening for head and neck cancer patients. (2019)

127 Background: Ototoxicity after cisplatin +/- radiation occurs in 22-58% of patients with head and neck cancers. Routine post-treatment hearing tests are useful in the early detection of hearing loss, allowing for possible early intervention. This study aimed to identify current hearing screening practices for follow-up, barriers to screening, and recommendations for its implementation. Methods: Stakeholders (physicians, nurses, coordinators, audiologists) identified barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a routine hearing screening follow-up program at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. Themes were identified using an inductive approach and mapped to the Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework, which guides the implementation of new clinical practices. Results: The problem: While all patients received baseline hearing tests, follow-up testing was inconsistently performed in asymptomatic patients. Patients may also lack awareness of subclinical hearing loss. A formalized follow-up hearing test program was identified as the best approach by stakeholders. Barriers: Individual-level barriers included limited knowledge about intervals for hearing testing and lack of time during clinic visits. Institutional-level factors included personnel, financial resources and logistical supports. Patient travel distances and times were barriers, as well as scheduling tests on the same day as other clinic visits. Societal stigma of hearing loss was a possible barrier. Facilitators: These included greater staff and patient education, and designating a local clinic champion. Instructions for follow-up after identifying hearing loss was deemed essential. Adapting to the local context: Automated flagging post-treatment and auto-referrals to the Hearing Clinic through the electronic medical record system could facilitate increased rates of participation. Mail/phone reminders could be useful adjuncts. Conclusions: Participants supported a formal post-treatment hearing test program for patients with head and neck cancers treated with cisplatin +/- radiation. Individual and institutional barriers were identified, but could be mitigated by appropriate facilitators.