gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolving the range ambiguity in OFDR using digital signal processing (2014)

A digitally range-gated variant of optical frequency domain reflectometry is demonstrated which overcomes the beat note ambiguity when sensing beyond a single frequency sweep. The range-gating is achieved using a spread spectrum technique involving time-stamping of the optical signal using high-frequency pseudorandom phase modulation. The reflections from different sections of fiber can then be isolated in the time domain by digitally inverting the phase modulation using appropriately-delayed copies of the pseudorandom noise code. Since the technique overcomes the range ambiguity in OFDR, it permits high sweep repetition rates without sacrificing range, thus allowing for high-bandwidth sensing over long lengths of fiber. This is demonstrated for the case of quasi-distributed sensing.
Toxoplasmosis in Panama: a 10-Year Study (1988)

We studied the prevalence of Toxoplasma antibody over a 10-year period in a rural population of 326 people in Chorrera Province of Panama using the dye test. Fifty-five seroconversions were found in 108 people at risk, and 48 (87%) in children between 2 and 13 years with a mean incidence rate of 8.6% per year. Antibody prevalence rose from 25% at 5 years to 50% at 10 years of age, and increased gradually, reaching 90% by 60 years. Mean antibody levels after seroconversion were 1:6,000 in the dye test; they fell to 1:1,000 after 1 year, 1:800 after 2 years, 1:200 after 3 years, and 1:333 after 7-9 years. About 10% of antibody titers ranged between 1:4 and 1:32. Toxoplasma antibody prevalence was also studied in the metropolitan Panama City population using 590 sera collected in the fall of 1981. Age-specific incidence rates were similar in the urban and rural setting (correlation coefficient 0.71). The number of cats observed in the rural area and in the city and the degree of soil contact appeared compatible with a hypothesis of transmission by oocysts.
Cardiac Perforation After Pacemaker Implantation (2005)

Placement of a permanent pacemaker can be complicated by cardiac perforation. Researchers studied 4280 patients who had pacemakers implanted at Mayo
Electromagnetic coupling between filaments in multifilament coated conductors with finite transverse conductance - Comparison between numerical analyses and experiments in various systems - (2021)

International audience
Health and Community-Based Services for Individuals with Neurological Conditions (2017)

If the few services provided for these neurological patient populations exclude common comorbidities, it is likely that there will be no other place for these individuals to seek care.
Inhibitors of TLR8 Reduce TNF Production from Human Rheumatoid Synovial Membrane Cultures (2008)

The advent of anti-TNF biologicals has been a seminal advance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has confirmed the important role of TNF in disease pathogenesis. However, it is unknown what sustains the chronic production of TNF. In this study, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of mianserin, a serotonin receptor antagonist. We discovered mianserin was able to inhibit the endosomal TLRs 3, 7, 8, and 9 in primary human cells and inhibited the spontaneous release of TNF and IL-6 from RA synovial membrane cultures. This suggested a role for these TLRs in production of TNF and IL-6 from RA which was supported by data from chloroquine, an inhibitor of endosomal acidification (a prerequisite for TLRs 3, 7, 8, and 9 activation) which also inhibited production of these cytokines from RA synovial cultures. Only stimulation of TLR 3 or 8 induced TNF from these cultures, indicating that TLR7 and TLR9 were of less consequence in this model. The key observation that indicated the importance of TLR8 was the inhibition of spontaneous TNF production by imiquimod, which we discovered to be an inhibitor of TLR8. Together, these data suggest that TLR8 may play a role in driving TNF production in RA. Because this receptor can be inhibited by small m.w. molecules, it may prove to be an important therapeutic target.
The effect of vitamin D on vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. (2015)

Vitamin D is effective in improving the maturation index and decreased the pH and dryness of the vaginal atrophy due to menopause.
A Nonlocal SAR Image Denoising Algorithm Based on LLMMSE Wavelet Shrinkage (2011)

We propose a novel despeckling algorithm for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images based on the concepts of nonlocal filtering and wavelet-domain shrinkage. It follows the structure of the block-matching 3-D algorithm, recently proposed for additive white Gaussian noise denoising, but modifies its major processing steps in order to take into account the peculiarities of SAR images. A probabilistic similarity measure is used for the block-matching step, while the wavelet shrinkage is developed using an additive signal-dependent noise model and looking for the optimum local linear minimum-mean-square-error estimator in the wavelet domain. The proposed technique compares favorably w.r.t. several state-of-the-art reference techniques, with better results both in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (on simulated speckled images) and of perceived image quality.
Spectroscopic and DFT Study of Tungstic Acid Peroxocomplexes (2007)

The catalytic system formed by tungstic acid and its complexes with H2O2 and phenylphosphonic acid has been analyzed from the experimental and theoretical points of view. Previous structural studies by XRD proved the validity of the DFT proposed models and methodology. Hydrogen peroxide reacts with tungstic acid to form a peroxo complex. Vibrational and electronic spectra showed significant changes upon interaction with H2O2. The DFT and TD-DFT for IR and UV-vis calculations not only are in agreement with experimental data but also allow for a deeper characterization of the species formed in in situ conditions. A SCRF/PCM methodology was chosen to account for the solvent effect. The solvent effect of water was considered for geometry re-optimization of the structure and for the TD-DFT calculations.
bit.ly/malicious: Deep dive into short URL based e-crime detection (2014)

Existence of spam URLs over emails and Online Social Media (OSM) has become a massive e-crime. To counter the dissemination of long complex URLs in emails and character limit imposed on various OSM (like Twitter), the concept of URL shortening has gained a lot of traction. URL shorteners take as input a long URL and output a short URL with the same landing page (as in the long URL) in return. With their immense popularity over time, URL shorteners have become a prime target for the attackers giving them an advantage to conceal malicious content. Bitly, a leading service among all shortening services is being exploited heavily to carry out phishing attacks, work-from-home scams, pornographic content propagation, etc. This imposes additional performance pressure on Bitly and other URL shorteners to be able to detect and take a timely action against the illegitimate content. In this study, we analyzed a dataset of 763,160 short URLs marked suspicious by Bitly in the month of October 2013. Our results reveal that Bitly is not using its claimed spam detection services very effectively. We also show how a suspicious Bitly account goes unnoticed despite of a prolonged recurrent illegitimate activity. Bitly displays a warning page on identification of suspicious links, but we observed this approach to be weak in controlling the overall propagation of spam. We also identified some short URL based features and coupled them with two domain specific features to classify a Bitly URL as malicious or benign and achieved an accuracy of 86.41%. The feature set identified can be generalized to other URL shortening services as well. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large scale study to highlight the issues with the implementation of Bitly's spam detection policies and proposing suitable countermeasures.
An ornithine ω-aminotransferase required for growth in the absence of exogenous proline in the archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis (2018)

Aminotransferases are pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes that catalyze reversible transamination reactions between amino acids and α-keto acids, and are important for the cellular metabolism of nitrogen. Many bacterial and eukaryotic ω-aminotransferases that use l-ornithine (Orn), l-lysine (Lys), or γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) have been identified and characterized, but the corresponding enzymes from archaea are unknown. Here, we examined the activity and function of TK2101, a gene annotated as a GABA aminotransferase, from the hyperthermophilic archaeon <i>Thermococcus kodakarensis</i> We overexpressed the TK2101 gene in <i>T. kodakarensis</i> and purified and characterized the recombinant protein and found that it displays only low levels of GABA aminotransferase activity. Instead, we observed a relatively high ω-aminotransferase activity with l-Orn and l-Lys as amino donors. The most preferred amino acceptor was 2-oxoglutarate. To examine the physiological role of TK2101, we created a TK2101 gene-disruption strain (ΔTK2101), which was auxotrophic for proline. Growth comparison with the parent strain KU216 and the biochemical characteristics of the protein strongly suggested that TK2101 encodes an Orn aminotransferase involved in the biosynthesis of l-Pro. Phylogenetic comparisons of the TK2101 sequence with related sequences retrieved from the databases revealed the presence of several distinct protein groups, some of which having no experimentally studied member. We conclude that TK2101 is part of a novel group of Orn aminotransferases that are widely distributed at least in the genus <i>Thermococcus</i>, but perhaps also throughout the Archaea.
Modification of Composite Materials Based on Anhydrite with Super- and Nanodispersed Agents (2010)

Results of research of the anhydrite matrix structure modified with ultra- and nanodispersed filling agents are presented. Addition of super- and nanodispersed agents leads to the intensification of the hydrate- and structure formation of the anhydrite binding agent and it essentially changes morphology of crystals that allows predicting mechanical characteristics of the anhydrite materials.
Interplay of Exciton Condensation and the Quantum Spin Hall Effect inInAs/GaSbBilayers (2014)

We study the phase diagram of the inverted InAs/GaSb bilayer quantum wells. For a small tunneling amplitude between the layers, we find that the system is prone to the formation of an s-wave exciton condensate phase, where the spin structure of the order parameter is uniquely determined by the small spin-orbit coupling arising from the bulk inversion asymmetry. The phase is topologically trivial and does not support edge transport. On the contrary, for a large tunneling amplitude, we obtain a topologically nontrivial quantum spin Hall insulator phase with a p-wave exciton order parameter, which enhances the hybridization gap. These topologically distinct insulators are separated by an insulating phase with spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry. Close to the phase transition between the quantum spin Hall and time-reversal broken phases, the edge transport shows quantized conductance in small samples, whereas in long samples the mean free path associated with the backscattering at the edge is temperature independent, in agreement with recent experiments.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Osteopenia in the Hemiplegic Limbs of Stroke Patients (1996)

Bone mass was reduced significantly on the hemiplegic side in the stroke patients, which might increase the risk of hip fracture. Vitamin D deficiency and disuse are the probable causes of osteopenia in this population. The hypovitaminosis D might be corrected readily by routine use of vitamin D supplements.
Understanding Molecular Simulation: From Algorithms to Applications (2001)

Second and revised edition&#13;\n&#13;\nUnderstanding Molecular Simulation: From Algorithms to Applications explains the physics behind the "recipes" of molecular simulation for materials science. Computer simulators are continuously confronted with questions concerning the choice of a particular technique for a given application. A wide variety of tools exist, so the choice of technique requires a good understanding of the basic principles. More importantly, such understanding may greatly improve the efficiency of a simulation program. The implementation of simulation methods is illustrated in pseudocodes and their practical use in the case studies used in the text.&#13;\n&#13;\nSince the first edition only five years ago, the simulation world has changed significantly -- current techniques have matured and new ones have appeared. This new edition deals with these new developments; in particular, there are sections on:&#13;\n&#13;\n· Transition path sampling and diffusive barrier crossing to simulaterare events&#13;\n· Dissipative particle dynamic as a course-grained simulation technique&#13;\n· Novel schemes to compute the long-ranged forces&#13;\n· Hamiltonian and non-Hamiltonian dynamics in the context constant-temperature and constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations&#13;\n· Multiple-time step algorithms as an alternative for constraints&#13;\n· Defects in solids&#13;\n· The pruned-enriched Rosenbluth sampling, recoil-growth, and concerted rotations for complex molecules&#13;\n· Parallel tempering for glassy Hamiltonians&#13;\n&#13;\nExamples are included that highlight current applications and the codes of case studies are available on the World Wide Web. Several new examples have been added since the first edition to illustrate recent applications. Questions are included in this new edition. No prior knowledge of computer simulation is assumed.
[Professor MA Ji-Xing's contribution in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion science]. (2006)

Prof. MA, a famous medical historian and a founder of TCM literature science in our country. He works industriously and in the past over 60 years, he has attained great achievements in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion, and made great contribution to the acupoint science and channel and collateral science, published The Concise Acupuncture and Moxibustion Bone-setting, color teaching hanging chart of The Reference Chart of Anatomic Positions of Stimulating Points for Acupuncture and Moxibustion Therapy, Bronze Acupuncture Figure and Point Location of the Bronze Figure, Textual Criticism of Ancient Medical Books in Dunhuang, Studies on Unearthed Ancient Medical Books No Longer Extant, etc., which have important influences on studies of acupuncture and moxibustion history and acupuncture and moxibustion literature.
Harm Free Use of Diesel Additives (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The introduction around the world of low sulphur diesel fuel has required extensive use of lubricity additive technology in some markets.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;At the same time, the use of performance diesel additives such as detergents and defoamers is becoming more widespread.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The wider application of performance diesel additives demands the introduction of proven technologies in new markets, whilst new requirements are met with a combination of existing and new additive technologies. Such developments are not without risk. These new applications could generate a variety of field problems and extensive testing is necessary to prove that the use in a new environment is trouble-free.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper illustrates how diesel fuel additives can be efficient in solving specific problems and, at the same time, can generate a host of new problems such as plugging of fuel filters, in-line diesel pump failures, increased level of engine bore polish and deactivation of other performance diesel additives.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Where recognised industry tests are available, they have been used. When such protocols do not exist, in-house tests have been developed. This paper describes the engine test used for assessing the in-line pump sticking tendency of different lubricity additive technologies.&lt;/div&gt;
Essential Inquiries: Dose, Benefit, and Risk in Medical Imaging (2018)

The use of ionizing radiation in medical diagnosis and therapy has revolutionized and dramatically improved the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. At the same time, and especially in recent years, concern over the radiogenic risks associated with medical imaging has intensified dramatically in parallel with the increased use of diagnostic imaging procedures. This volume is intended to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the dosimetry and risks of essentially all current radiation-based diagnostic imaging procedures. Points of emphasis will include the optimization of these procedures in terms of minimizing patient dose without compromising the specific diagnostic information being sought, special considerations for diagnostic imaging of the pregnant patient, and quantification of benefit as well as risk of imaging procedures. The current chapter provides a brief review of the technology and radiation biology of diagnostic medical imaging.
Conditional Deletion of Smad1 Ameliorates Glomerular Injury in Progressive Glomerulonephritis (2016)

Matrix expansion and cell proliferation are concomitantly observed in various glomerular injuries. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes have not been fully elucidated. We have reported that Smad1 is a key signalling molecule that regulates the transcription of type IV collagen (Col4) in mesangial matrix expansion and is thereby involved in glomerular injury in an acute model of glomerulonephritis. In this study, we addressed the role of Smad1 signalling in accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), a model of progressive glomerulonephritis, using conditional deletion of Smad1 in Rosa26CreERT2 mice (Smad1-CKO). Mesangial matrix expansion in the Smad1-CKO mice with NTN was significantly inhibited compared with that in wild type mice with NTN, which was consistent with the decrease in Col4 expression level. On the other hand, STAT3 activation and cell proliferation were not influenced by Smad1 deletion in the NTN model. Therefore, we investigated another factor that activates cell proliferation in the absence of Smad1. Id2 induced VEGF secretion and subsequent STAT3 activation, independently of Smad1 expression in mouse mesangial cells. Here we show that Smad1 plays an important role in the development of glomerular injury without affecting cell proliferation, in progressive glomerulonephritis.
High quality spotlight SAR processing algorithm designed for LightSAR mission (2002)

A high quality spotlight SAR processing algorithm is presented. In this algorithm, subband images of the radar illuminated spot are processed using well known strip mode processing algorithms. A full resolution image is then formed by (1) merging the spectra of subband images into a full band spectrum, and (2) taking an inverse FFT. Advantages of this algorithm include (1) higher image quality, (2) higher processing throughput rate, and (3) lower S/W development cost. The image quality achieved by this algorithm is better than that previously achieved by the backprojection algorithm. The fine image quality is demonstrated by the SIR-C spotlight SAR images.
Insuring Sensitive Processes through Process Mining (2012)

Any system, company or complex task is composed by processes, i.e., sequences of actions performed in some established order. Some of these processes are considered sensitive for the role they play within the system, or for the sensitive data they manage. In such cases, the trust in this processes is desirable, requiring their verification, monitoring, auditing, but also the possibility of being insured by a third party. In this approach we propose a schema for insuring sensitive process based on the use of formal models and Process Mining techniques (i.e. process management techniques that allows for the analysis of processes based on event logs). The experimental results presented show that this new approach could be useful in the context of insurance and analysis of processes.
Genetic association between schizophrenia and the DISC1 gene in the Scottish population (2006)

Several lines of evidence support the involvement of the disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene in schizophrenia susceptibility, including its original identification in a schizophrenia family with a chromosome translocation, several genetic association studies, and functional characterization of the gene product. In the present study, we have genotyped multiple SNP and microsatellite markers in a large Scottish case-control sample. We identified two SNPs and one microsatellite that show significant association with schizophrenia. The strongest association is with a haplotype of SNPs rs751229 and rs3738401, located at the 5' end of the gene; the C-A haplotype of these SNPs is associated with a relative risk of schizophrenia of 5 in our population. We also observe association with a microsatellite in intron 7, but no association with markers toward the 3' end of the gene. The results are in broad agreement with those of other genetic studies, but there are differences in terms of the precise patterns of association. This analysis further strengthens the candidacy of DISC1 as a risk factor for schizophrenia in the general population, and suggests that more intensive searching for causative variants is justified.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IMPEDES NK CELL AND T CELL MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY AGAINST COLON CANCER CELL (2019)

Although hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an admirable treatment for many cancer types, but the clinical impact of H2O2 on immune cells is not known. In the present study, we have demonstrated that H2O2 is a crucial factor to determine the cell mediated cytotoxicity of immune cells to the cancer cells. Natural killer (NK) cells and T cells were isolated from healthy donors and were activated and enriched the population at ex-vivo condition. At day14, activated NK and T cells were exposed to colon cancer cell at the ratio of 10:1 (Effector: Target) with or without H2O2 (50 µM and 100µM) treatment for 6 h and 12 h. Cytotoxicity assay showed that cytotolytic ability of NK and T cells was strongly suppressed in the presence of H2O2. H2O2 induced NK and T cell dysfunction was analyzed and results demonstrated that NK and T cells were lose their viability on dose and time dependent manner. Also, flow cytometry analysis revealed that H2O2 significantly suppresses the activation and proliferation CD8 T cell population. Whereas, NK cell subset (CD56bright and CD56dim) was dramatically altered by H2O2. When exposed to H2O2, CD56dim population was considerably increased at different time points. Hence, we conclude that H2O2 directly or functionally defect the NK and T cell mediated cytotoxicity and however, further studies are warranted to confirm the concept with mild dose of H2O2 with different cancer cell lines.