gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Properties and applications of cobalt-based material produced by electron-beam-induced deposition (2002)

The deposition of cobalt-containing material from dicobalt octacarbonyl using a focused electron beam is reported. The material contains between 30% and 50% (atomic) cobalt, with the balance being carbon and oxygen, and comprises nanocrystalline metallic grains embedded in a carbonaceous matrix. Arches bridging two electrodes were fabricated to allow current–voltage (I–V) measurements to be conducted. The material resistivity decreases strongly with the deposition beam current, with values as low as 45 μΩ cm being attainable. Material growth by indirect irradiation is found to give rise to material of high resistivity and can result in highly resistive arches. At low temperatures, three distinctive conduction regimes are observed, with the I–V characteristics flattening out at the origin. At 20 K step-like features suggestive of Coulomb- blockade effects were observed. Magnetic force microscope (MFM) images of the material indicates that it is ferromagnetic in nature. The application of the technique and material to fabricate MFM tips is demonstrated. The use of selective material deposits as catalyst sites for the growth of carbon nanotubes is also demonstrated.
Metal nanoparticle arrays for near-field optical lithography (2002)

We have recently proposed a new approach to optical lithography that could be used to replicate arrays of metal nanoparticles using broad beam illumination with visible light and standard photoresist. The method relies on resonant excitation of the surface plasmon oscillation in the nanoparticles. When excited at the surface plasmon frequency, a resonantly enhanced dipole field builds up around the nanoparticles. This dipole field is used to locally expose a thin layer of photoresist, generating a replica of the original pattern in the resist. Silver nanoparticles on photoresist can be resonantly excited at wavelengths ranging from 410 nm to 460 nm, allowing for resonantly enhanced exposure of standard g-line photoresist. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations of isolated silver particles on a thin resist layer show that broad beam illumination with p-polarized light at a wavelength of 439 nm can produce features as small as 30 nm, or &#955;/14. Depending on exposure time lateral spot sizes ranging from 30 to 80 nm with exposure depths ranging from 12 to 45 nm can be achieved. We discuss the effect of particle-particle interactions in the replica formation process. Experiments on low areal density Ag nanoparticle arrays are discussed. Resist layers (thickness 75 nm) in contact with 40 nm Ag nanoparticles were exposed using 410 nm light and were subsequently developed. Atomic Force Microscopy on these samples reveals nanoscale depressions in the resist, providing evidence for plasmon-enhanced resist exposure.
Via-free broadband microstrip to CPW transition (2001)

A broadband microstrip to coplanar waveguide (CPW) transition is proposed. The design is based on vertical resonant coupling between the microstrip and CPW. The transition does not require via holes, wire bonds, or air bridges. The design of the transitions on C band shows good agreement with return loss better than –15 dB over 2.8–7.5 GHz. The new transition has the advantages of broad bandwidth and easy fabrication.
USA300 and USA500 Clonal Lineages of Staphylococcus aureus Do Not Produce a Capsular Polysaccharide Due to Conserved Mutations in the cap5 Locus (2015)

The USA300 MRSA clone emerged as a community-associated pathogen in the United States nearly 20 years ago. Since then, it has rapidly disseminated and now causes health care-associated infections. This study shows that the CP-negative (CP(-)) phenotype has persisted among USA300 isolates and is a universal and characteristic trait of this highly successful MRSA lineage. It is important to note that a vaccine consisting solely of CP antigens would not likely demonstrate high efficacy in the U.S. population, where about half of MRSA isolates comprise USA300. Moreover, conversion of a USA300 strain to a CP-positive (CP(+)) phenotype is unlikely in vivo or in vitro since it would require the reversion of 3 mutations. We have also established that USA300 MSSA isolates and USA500 isolates are CP(-) and provide new insight into the evolution of the USA300 and USA500 lineages.
Identification of Objects-of-Interest in X-Ray Images (2006)

The objective of this research is to automatically detect and locate devices-of-interest (DOI) in x-ray images, even if partially obscured by devices of no interest, using a new ALISA Component Module. This preliminary study was performed using a single DOI, a 9mm Colt Beretta, but the solution method can easily accommodate other DOIs. Results obtained in real-time (a few seconds) revealed a robust and accurate classifier that could easily assist security personnel at the defined venue: carry-on luggage x-ray machines in airports. This research project was funded by the defense threat reduction agency (DTRA).
Bias in Proportion Judgments with Pie Charts: The Cyclical Power Model (1997)

Subjects were shown pie charts with tickmarks at two, three, four, or eight evenly-spaced locations. The tickmarks were located around the edge of the pie, on a line where the subject responded, or both. A cyclical power model based on Stevens' law was used to account for the observed bias patterns. The model proposes that subjects use reference points to constrain the range of values used in the judgment. When more than two reference points are used, the model predicts multiple cycles of bias. The results showed that increasing the number of reference points on the response line from two to four changed the number of bias cycles, while the estimated Stevens exponent remained approximately constant at 0.8. The model can be used as a tool to assess how graphs, dials, and meters are read.
A Visual Half Field Study of Sentence Processing (1990)

This study attempts to exploit visual half field presentations of words in sentence contexts as an aid in the analysis of a cognitive function related to anaphoric processing. The function in question assimilates several kinds of information to resolve certain syntactic ambiguities. The experiments address the question whether all aspects of this linguistically complex function are supported by the language dominant left hemisphere. The evidence suggests that the anaphoric function is bihemispheric, i.e., that subfunctions supported by both hemispheres play a crucial role.
Content classification of WAP traffic in Korean cellular networks (2010)

Cellular phones are expanding their popularity in data service. However, we do not know much about the data traffic consumed in cellular networks. Traditional traffic classification studies have focused on grouping a set of related packets into the application categories. However, the proposed methods are hard to be applied to Korean cellular data traffic analysis because most data is from a single application: Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). As WAP conveys WML documents, we have to inspect the WML documents included in a traffic flow for more detailed classification. In this paper, we propose a method that finds Korean words carried in WML documents and classifies the documents into appropriate content categories according to the their meaning. We implemented and evaluated simple classification heuristics using packet traces from CDMA 1x EVDO/WCDMA HSDPA networks. From the result, we show that a simple heuristic is effective for classifying WAP flows to their content categories.
Allosteric binding properties of a 1,3-alternate thiacalix[4]arene-based receptor having phenylthiourea and 2-pyridylmethyl moieties on opposite faces (2021)

Thiacalix[4]arene receptors with two thiourea moieties and two 2-pyridyl moieties exhibited a heteroditopic dinuclear receptor with F − and Ag + ions by a positive allosteric effect.
Effect of OTX-101, a Novel Nanomicellar Formulation of Cyclosporine A, on Conjunctival Staining in Patients with Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca: A Pooled Analysis of Phase 2b/3 and 3 Clinical Trials (2019)

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), a multifactorial disease, is the most common ocular condition for patients seeking medical treatment and is characterized by ocular burning, stinging, and dryness. This pooled analysis examined the effect of OTX-101 0.09% versus vehicle on the total and individual conjunctival staining in patients with KCS from phase 2b/3 and phase 3 studies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In these randomized, multicenter, double-masked, and vehicle-controlled studies, patients received 1 drop of OTX-101 0.09% or vehicle in both eyes twice daily. The time points for the pooled analysis were baseline (day 0) and study days 28, 56, and 84/early discontinuation. Conjunctival staining was graded on a 0- to 3-point scale per zone and averaged over both eyes at each assessment. Pooled safety assessments included adverse event (AE) reporting. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The total mean (standard deviation) conjunctival staining scores at baseline were 5.4 (1.7) for OTX-101 (<i>n</i> = 523) and 5.5 (1.7) for vehicle (<i>n</i> = 525). OTX-101 versus vehicle significantly reduced the total conjunctival staining scores (<i>P</i> = 0.0316, <0.0001, and 0.0002) for days 28, 56, and 84, respectively. The most common treatment-related AE was instillation site pain (21.8% OTX-101 vs. 4.0% vehicle); most AEs were mild in nature. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Treatment with OTX-101 versus vehicle significantly improved the conjunctival staining in KCS as early as 4 weeks, and the improvement was maintained through 12 weeks. OTX-101 was effective and well tolerated for use in KCS.
Prokaryotes and Phytochrome. The Connection to Chromophores and Signaling (1999)

Prokaryotic systems have been important in phytochrome studies on several different levels. Bilins from cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins have allowed the production of recombinant holophytochrome and have provided insights into the attachment and functioning of the chromophore, while the recent
Selection of Surgical Technique and Treatment Outcome of Revision Septoplasty (2017)

Background and ObjectivesZZThis study was designed to review our experience with patients undergoing revision septoplasty and to evaluate the causes of persistent nasal obstruction and treatment outcomes of revision septoplasty. Subjects and MethodZZThe medical records of 58 patients (53 men) who underwent revision septoplasty by the author of this study between 2006 and 2012 at our institute were retrospectively reviewed. Data on demographics, symptoms, anatomic site of deviation, surgical techniques performed, and postoperative complications were collected. Patient satisfaction scores were graded with a grading scale from 1 (excellent) to 4 (poor). ResultsZZAll of the patients visited our hospital for persistent nasal obstruction after prior septoplasty. Forty-seven patients (81%) showed caudal septal deviation and 11 (19%) showed some other forms of septal deviation. Twenty-one cases (36.2%) were treated with the batten graft with cutting and suture technique, 20 (34.5%) with a batten graft alone, 10 (17.3%) with resection of remnant deviated septal bone and cartilage, 4 (6.8%) with the cutting and suture technique, 2 (3.5%) with a relocation suture, and 1 (1.7%) with a spreader graft. The median patient satisfaction score for 31 patients who answered the telephone interview was 2.060.93. ConclusionZZA considerable number of patients who undergo revision septoplasty have remnant or recurrent caudal septal deviation that was not properly corrected in previous surgery. We recommend the batten grafting and the cutting and suture technique for the correction of caudal septal deviation in revision septoplasty.
ERRATUM: HIGH-PRESSURE LASER ACTION IN 13 GASES WITH TRANSVERSE EXCITATION (1971)

Laser action has been achieved in 13 gases at high pressures using pulsed transverse excitation. A total of 149 wavelengths from 0.8 to 28μ was observed. Pulse lengths were found to lie in the range 0.2–5μsec. Several gases operate at atmospheric pressure and above and promise to give very high power outputs.
Enjeux de conception des architectures GPGPU : unités arithmétiques spécialisées et exploitation de la régularité (2010)

Electrochemical oxidation of the surface of a thin gold film overlaid on an optical waveguide and placed in a cell containing sulfuric acid is monitored by integrated optical surface plasmon resonance (IOSPR) combined with cyclic voltammetry. Waveguide transmittance correlates well with the charge transferred to and from the electrode to oxidize and reduce the surface, with a 60% reduction in transmittance being observed for complete formation of the surface oxide. IOSPR sensors combined with electrochemical measurement and control show potential for sensitive and robust integrated multisensors for electroactive species.
Web API growing pains: Stories from client developers and their code (2014)

Web APIs provide a systematic and extensible approach for application-to-application interaction. Developers using web APIs are forced to accompany the API providers in their software evolution tasks. In order to understand the distress caused by this imposition on web API client developers we perform a semi-structured interview with six such developers. We also investigate how major web API providers organize their API evolution, and we explore how this affects source code changes of their clients. Our exploratory study of the Twitter, Google Maps, Facebook and Netflix web APIs analyzes the state of web API evolution practices and provides insight into the impact of service evolution on client software. Our study is complemented with a set of observations regarding best practices for web API evolution.
Integrated network interfaces for high-bandwidth TCP/IP (2006)

This paper proposes new network interface controller (NIC) designs that take advantage of integration with the host CPU to provide increased flexibility for operating system kernel-based performance optimization.We believe that this approach is more likely to meet the needs of current and future high-bandwidth TCP/IP networking on end hosts than the current trend of putting more complexity in the NIC, while avoiding the need to modify applications and protocols. This paper presents two such NICs. The first, the simple integrated NIC (SINIC), is a minimally complex design that moves the responsibility for managing the network FIFOs from the NIC to the kernel. Despite this closer interaction between the kernel and the NIC, SINIC provides performance equivalent to a conventional DMA-based NIC without increasing CPU overhead. The second design, V-SINIC, adds virtual per-packet registers to SINIC, enabling parallel packet processing while maintaining a FIFO model. V-SINIC allows the kernel to decouple examining a packet's header from copying its payload to memory. We exploit this capability to implement a true zero-copy receive optimization in the Linux 2.6 kernel, providing bandwidth improvements of over 50% on unmodified sockets-based receive-intensive benchmarks.
Prediction of fiber orientation distribution in injection molded parts using Moldex3D simulation (2013)

In the automotive industry, glass‐filled thermoplastics are used in air intake manifolds, radiator tanks, and many other parts. However, widespread application of glass‐filled thermoplastic materials has been limited in many cases by the inability to accurately predict performance and durability. Since a more accurate fiber orientation prediction will lead to more accurate local mechanical property predictions, this work investigated a recently proposed mathematic model of fiber suspension rheology, which considers the anisotropic fiber diffusion and fiber–matrix interaction from a microscopic viewpoint. The new model proved able to predict many details of the fiber orientation distribution and could be applied advantageously as part of the product and manufacturing development processes. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:671–680, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Agrius convolvuli (L. ) and Eumichtis lichenea (Hbn.) in Eastbourne in 1976 (1977)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Therapeutic response monitoring using digital PCR for patient-specific circulating tumor DNA identified by an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-specific sequencing panel. (2018)

e24089 Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is belligerent cancer with a poor prognosis. At present, no specific ESCC biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring have been established. This study aimed to monitor ESCC therapeutic response using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) by digital PCR (dPCR) with individual ESCC tumor-specific mutations identified from an originally-designed ESCC-specific sequencing panel. Methods: Twenty-six ESCC patients were enrolled (Stage I/II/III/IV: 5/3/12/6). A mutation screening of primary ESCCs was performed by amplicon sequencing using the ESCC panel targeting 31 genes. The ctDNAs level was evaluated by dPCR using 41 originally-designed primer/probe sets based on uniquely-identified mutations for individual patient. First-line therapies included surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and chemotherapy (docetaxel/CDDP/5-FU) for 6, 1, and 20 patients, respectively. With the median follow-up was 459 days, 288 blood samples were examined for ctDNA. Results: The ESCC panel revealed nine mutations per sample. Mutations were present in TP53 (26 of 26, 100%) and NFE2L2 (8 of 26, 31%). The patients with NFE2L2 mutation were more resistant to chemotherapy than those of wild-type (P = 0.0001). Among 41 mutations identified from primary tumors were analyzed in pre-treatment blood, 34 (83%) were detectable as a ctDNA. In 35 mutations from Stage II or higher cases, ctDNA was detectable in 97% (34/35). The Stage-stratified average mutant allele frequencies (MAF) of ctDNA were 0, 0.53, 5.03, and 12.74 in Stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The MAF of good responders could decrease to 0.00 after one cycle of chemotherapy, whereas the MAF of non-responders stayed high levels throughout multiple cycles. Of note, a patient who had a recurrence with a lymph node metastasis after 1.5 years of resection with curative intent for stage II ESCC showed that ctDNA had been detected six months before the recurrence was noticeable by CT scan. Conclusions: With the ESCC panel and dPCR, the patient-specific ctDNA monitoring readily indicates the disease Stage and possibly facilitates an early recurrence detection of ESCC.
Considerations when Designing or Assessing Separation between Telecommunications and Power System Assets (2018)

Since 2012 the ENA Earthing Working group has been working towards improving the way power utilities and telecommunication businesses address the power coordination (POCO) issue. The dominant solution used to resolve the POCO conundrum is to cite the requirement of current telecommunication standards to maintain a 15m separation between power system earths and telecommunication assets. There are times when this approach has been shown to be ineffectual as a hazard risk reduction mechanism, and in comparison to other possible controls this choice equates to a wasteful use of available resources.A draft POCO Guide has been produced, including input from the telecommunications industry, which discusses how the approach to telecommunications coordination should be addressed by all parties through the adoption of quantified risk. The Guide addresses the need for hazard mitigation measures which have real impact on the hazards and risks posed to workers, the public and to the industries involved.
Impurity-Induced Disordering and Laser Device Applications (1987)

In the five years that have elapsed since the first demonstration of the phenomenon of impurity induced disordering (IID) (Laidig et al 1981) and the obvious implication to integrated optoelectronics (Holonyak et al 1981), considerable effort has been devoted to studying and utilizing this effect. It is becoming increasingly apparent that the effect is an almost universal one, being observed in a wide variety of III-V alloy systems as well as being induced by a wide variety of impurity species. Studies have been carried out using surface diffusion, ion implantation and doping during epitaxial growth. The results of this work indicate that the mechanisms are at least as complicated as the technique is universal.
Adaptive DMA-based I/O interfaces for data stream handling in multi-grained reconfigurable hardware architectures (2004)

Modern application scenarios out of multimedia and mobile communication domains demand more and more performant data processing architectures, which cannot be achieved by using current DSP or microprocessor approaches. This contribution describes a new architecture approach out of the reconfigurable array field which offers a set of new features to increase the flexibility and usability of reconfigurable array architectures by increasing the performance benefit concurrently and decreasing the communication overhead caused by the system controller by managing the architecture. The main focus of this publication is I/O interface where the authors will discuss the concepts in detail memory. By this approach the architecture gets concept specific advantages and disadvantages. Basically, in combination with random access memories sequential execution processors are predestinated for processing of control oriented application. The disadvantages of this kind of approaches lie in the frequently memory accesses during instruction/data reading and writing. Thereby this strategy leads inevitable to a bandwidth bottleneck which results because of a brisk data exchange between the memory and data processing unit. Modern microprocessors reduce this problem by deploying fast clocked caches. By working on streaming data the caches loose their potency and the throughput of the data processing unit converges to maximum memory throughput, which limits the system performance.
Vibration properties of hard x-ray telescope on board satellite (2010)

ASTRO-H is the new Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite for launch in 2013. HXT on board the satellite has a mirror housing which is a cylindrical case and contains reflection mirror foils, which are constrained by alignment bars. In order to investigate vibration properties of HXT on board the satellite, vibration tests and FEM analyses were conducted. From the results of x-vibration test, it was found that there were no resonant frequencies at frequency less than 120 Hz. It also appeared that foils move along grooves of alignment bars when the housing was vibrated because kinetic connection between foils and alignment bars is only friction force. From the simulated results, this loose connection used in the actual HXT housing is useful to suppress a strong resonance at 51Hz predicted by supposing tight connections such as adhesiveness. As for z-vibration properties, vibration property of the housing was complicated since foils leap when zacceleration becomes larger than 1G. However it could be confirmed that the distinct resonant peaks did not appear at frequency less than 200 Hz. From these results, it was found that HXT housing had not any resonant frequencies less than 120 Hz, which is the maximum frequency of sinusoidal vibrations applied when launched.