gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vivacity MG Phase 3 Study: Clinical Trial of Nipocalimab Administered to Adults With Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (2022)

<h3>Objective</h3> We describe Vivacity-MG3. our pivotal Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics (PK), and Pharmacodynamics (PD) of Nipocalimab Administered to Adults With gMG (NCT04951622). <h3>Background</h3> Nipocalimab is a high affinity, fully human, aglycosylated, effectorless IgG1 anti FcRn monoclonal antibody that targets the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) with high affinity, thereby lowering IgG pathogenic antibodies in autoimmune disease. Data from Vivacity-MG, a Phase 2 randomized placebo-controlled study of nipocalimab in adult generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), demonstrated safety, tolerability, and efficacy of nipocalimab (clinicaltrials.govNCT03772587). <h3>Design/Methods</h3> This global study will enroll approximately 180 participants with gMG, aged 18 and older, with an insufficient clinical response to ongoing, stable standard-of-care therapy, as reflected by a Myasthenia Gravis-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score of &gt;/= to 6 at screening and baseline, and a Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) Class of IIa/b–IVa/b at screening. The study will consist of a screening period of up to 4 weeks, a 24-week double-blind placebo-controlled phase where participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either placebo or nipocalimab intravenously every two weeks, and an open label extension phase of variable duration. The primary outcome is the average change in MG-ADL score from baseline to weeks 22, 23 and 24 of the double-blind placebo-controlled phase. <h3>Results</h3> Study enrollment began in July 2021 and is ongoing. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The ongoing Vivacity MG Phase 3 study will assess the efficacy, safety, and PK/PD of Nipocalimab in adult gMG.
Identification of a subset of normal B cells with a Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)-like phenotype. (1987)

Fresh biopsy cells from cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) display a homogeneous cell surface phenotype. The cells were found to be reactive with the pan B cell marker B1, and consistently co-expressed the BL-associated glycolipid antigen, BLA, and the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, CALLA, but lacked the B cell "activation" antigens characteristically expressed on EB virus-transformed normal B cells. Microscopic and cell sorter analysis of cells isolated from a series of fresh normal tonsils have identified a subpopulation of normal B cells carrying the same cell surface markers. That BLA and CALLA could be co-expressed on individual B cells was demonstrated by two-color immunofluorescence (IF) of tonsils in suspension, and immunoperoxidase (IP) staining of serial tonsil sections. These BLA+, CALLA+, "activation" antigen- cells were further characterized as B1+, sIgM+, sIgD-, C3d/EB virus receptor+ and were susceptible to virus-induced transformation in vitro. IF studies on Percoll-fractionated tonsillar cell populations and direct examination of IP-stained tonsil semi-thin sections indicated that the BLA+, CALLA+ cells were localized in germinal centers. Their morphological characteristics matched those of BL cells, and their location within germinal centers was consistent both with the known phenotype of germinal center tonsillar B cells and with the description of BL as a proliferation of centroblasts. We suggest that this population of tonsillar germinal center B cells provides the normal counterpart of BL tumor cells.
Vascular occlusive agents (1981)

The authors have reviewed the experimental literature about the different agents used for endovascular embolization: clots, tissues, duramater, Gelfoam, oxydized cellulose, Ivalon, beads, microspheres, cyanoacrylates, silicone, barium. Each occlusive agent was studied in regard to its physical properties, injection methods, characteristics of obstruction, vascular reaction, and toxicity. The level and quality of obstruction obtained depend on many factors which are discussed.
Solvent-free synthesis of supported ZIF-8 films and patterns through transformation of deposited zinc oxide precursors (2013)

Film processing and patterning techniques are a prerequisite to fully exploit the potential of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in integrated applications. We report a solvent-free approach for the synthesis of ZIF-8 thin films and patterns through the reaction of ZnO films with melted 2-methylimidazole.
Perfusion technique for treatment of right heart failure (1995)

A simple heparin-bonded circuit to facilitate a femoral vein to femoral artery shunt for the treatment of right-sided circulatory failure is proposed. Desaturated venous blood is shunted to the left-sided circulation to increase systemic blood pressure at the expense of saturation. The circuit comprised 1/4 inch x 3/32 inch tubing with a paediatric Bio-Medicus centrifugal pump head allowing adequate regulation of flow. Paediatric Bio-Medicus cannulae provide flows between 500 and 2000 ml/min. Measurements of pulmonary artery pressure, central venous pressure, arterial pressure, arterial saturation and cardiac output were recorded. In the four case studies presented, the treatment included unloading of the right ventricle with venous to arterial shunting. Likewise, eight Holstein calves underwent shunt utilization after placement of a left ventricular assist device and induction of right ventricular failure. The future use of this device may be instrumental in aiding the cardiothoracic surgical team in the treatment of right-sided circulatory failure.
Relation Between Circulating Levels of 25(OH) Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone in Chronic Kidney Disease: Quest for a Threshold (2013)

Spontaneous 25(OH)D levels greater than 20 ng/mL seem sufficient to control serum PTH in CKD patients. This result reinforces guidelines to supplement vitamin D only if less than 30 ng/mL.
Continuous Symmetry Analysis of NMR Chemical Shielding Anisotropy (2006)

Molecular symmetry is a key parameter which dictates the NMR chemical shielding anisotropy (CSA). Whereas correlations between specific geometrical features of molecules and the CSA are known, the quantitative correlation with symmetry--a global structural feature--has been unknown. Here we demonstrate a CSA/symmetry quantitative relation for the first time: We study how continuous deviation from exact symmetry around a nucleus affects its shielding. To achieve this we employed the continuous symmetry measures methodology, which allows one to quantify the degree of content of a given symmetry. The model case we use for this purpose is a population of distorted SiH(4) structures, for which we follow the (29)Si CSA as a function of the degree of tetrahedral symmetry and of square-planar symmetry. Quantitative correlations between the degree of these symmetries and the NMR shielding parameters emerge.
A guidebook to historic western Pennsylvania (1976)

Since its first publication in 1976, this guide - with nearly thirty thousand copies sold - has become the standard book for exploring the twenty-six counties of western Pennsylvania. Yet in the past fourteen years, many sites have been lost through fire, demolition, or neglect - and many other sites of historical interest have been discovered and documented. Now Helene Smith and George Swetnam have completely revised the text, updating the capsule histories, the site descriptions, and location directions (including all the new Pennsylvania road numbers), and adding several hundred new entries.
Variational approximation of a constraint signal by a Mumford-Shah type energy functional (2008)

In this paper, the main objective is to establish an existence result of a variational model in image segmentation constrained by a given vector field. In the one dimensional case, we give a discrete version converging in a variational way to the continuous model. We finally describe the numerical analysis of this model with application in image segmentation.
A Novel PilR/PilS Two-Component System Regulates Necrotic Enteritis Pilus Production in Clostridium perfringens (2021)

Clostridium perfringens causes necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. A chromosomal locus (VR-10B) was previously identified in NE-causing C. perfringens strains that encodes an adhesive pilus (NE pilus), along with a two-component system (TCS) designated here as PilRS. While the NE pilus is important in pathogenesis, the role of PilRS remains to be determined. The current study investigated the function of PilRS, as well as the Agr-like quorum-sensing (QS) system and VirSR TCS in the regulation of pilin production. Isogenic <i>pilR</i>, <i>agrB</i>, and <i>virR</i> null mutants were generated from the parent strain CP1 by insertional inactivation using the ClosTron system, along with the respective complemented strains. Immunoblotting analyses showed no detectable pilus production in the CP1<i>pilR</i> mutant, while production in its complement (CP1<i>pilR</i>+) was greater than wild-type levels. In contrast, pilus production in the <i>agrB</i> and <i>virR</i> mutants was comparable or higher than the wild type but reduced in their respective complemented strains. When examined for collagen-binding activity, the <i>pilR</i> mutant showed significantly lower binding to most collagen types (types I to V) than parental CP1 (<i>P ≤ </i>0.05), whereas this activity was restored in the complemented strain (<i>P > </i>0.05). In contrast, binding of <i>agrB</i> and <i>virR</i> mutants to collagen showed no significant differences in collagen-binding activity compared to CP1 (<i>P > </i>0.05), whereas the complemented strains exhibited significantly reduced binding (<i>P ≤ </i>0.05). These data suggest the PilRS TCS positively regulates pilus production in C. perfringens, while the Agr-like QS system may serve as a negative regulator of this operon. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Clostridium perfringens type G isolates cause necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry, presenting a major challenge for poultry production in the postantibiotic era. Multiple factors in C. perfringens, including both virulent and nonvirulent, are involved in the development of the disease. We previously discovered a cluster of C. perfringens genes that encode a pilus involved in adherence and NE development, along with a predicted two-component regulatory system (TCS), designated PilRS. In the present study, we have demonstrated the role of PilRS in regulating pilus production and collagen binding of C. perfringens. In addition, the Agr-like quorum sensing signaling pathway was found to be involved in the regulation. These findings have identified additional targets for developing nonantibiotic strategies to control NE disease.
Analysis and characterization of cultivable extremophilic hydrolytic bacterial community in heavy-metal-contaminated soils from the Atacama Desert and their biotechnological potentials (2012)

This study is focused on the characterization of extremophilic hydrolytic bacteria, providing candidates as a source of novel enzymes with biotechnological applications.
Ethical Considerations when Employing Fake Identities in OSN for\n Research (2013)

Online Social Networks (OSNs) have rapidly become a prominent and widely used\nservice, offering a wealth of personal and sensitive information with\nsignificant security and privacy implications. Hence, OSNs are also an\nimportant - and popular - subject for research. To perform research based on\nreal-life evidence, however, researchers may need to access OSN data, such as\ntexts and files uploaded by users and connections among users. This raises\nsignificant ethical problems. Currently, there are no clear ethical guidelines,\nand researchers may end up (unintentionally) performing ethically questionable\nresearch, sometimes even when more ethical research alternatives exist. For\nexample, several studies have employed `fake identities` to collect data from\nOSNs, but fake identities may be used for attacks and are considered a security\nissue. Is it legitimate to use fake identities for studying OSNs or for\ncollecting OSN data for research? We present a taxonomy of the ethical\nchallenges facing researchers of OSNs and compare different approaches. We\ndemonstrate how ethical considerations have been taken into account in previous\nstudies that used fake identities. In addition, several possible approaches are\noffered to reduce or avoid ethical misconducts. We hope this work will\nstimulate the development and use of ethical practices and methods in the\nresearch of online social networks.\n
Adaptive resource allocation for wildlife protection against illegal poachers (2014)

Illegal poaching is an international problem that leads to the extinction of species and the destruction of ecosystems. As evidenced by dangerously dwindling populations of endangered species, existing anti-poaching mechanisms are insufficient. This paper introduces the Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security (PAWS) application - a joint deployment effort done with researchers at Uganda's Queen Elizabeth National Park (QENP) with the goal of improving wildlife ranger patrols. While previous works have deployed applications with a game-theoretic approach (specifically Stackelberg Games) for counter-terrorism, wildlife crime is an important domain that promotes a wide range of new deployments. Additionally, this domain presents new research challenges and opportunities related to learning behavioral models from collected poaching data. In addressing these challenges, our first contribution is a behavioral model extension that captures the heterogeneity of poachers' decision making processes. Second, we provide a novel framework, PAWS-Learn, that incrementally improves the behavioral model of the poacher population with more data. Third, we develop a new algorithm, PAWS-Adapt, that adaptively improves the resource allocation strategy against the learned model of poachers. Fourth, we demonstrate PAWS's potential effectiveness when applied to patrols in QENP, where PAWS will be deployed.
Growth hormone (GH) receptor and GH-binding protein deficiency in the growth failure of potassium-depleted rats (1995)

Potassium (K+) deficiency is associated with growth retardation in both man and experimental animals. Growth hormone (GH) administration to such animals prevents, to some extent, weight loss and selective muscle atrophy, but does not affect tail and tibia length even with supraphysiological doses. The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible effect of K+ deficiency on the hepatic GH receptor and GH-binding protein (BP). Young female Wistar rats were maintained on K(+)-deficient fodder and distilled water, and compared with pair-fed and ad-libitum-fed control groups. After 15 days GH-BP and electrolytes were measured in sera, GH receptors were studied in liver membranes by 125I-labeled human GH binding and muscles were weighed and saved for electrolyte measurements. K(+)-deficient rats showed complete growth arrest compared with an intermediate weight gain of the pair-fed group. Serum K+ was very low, at 1.5 +/- 0.1 mmol/l, compared with the mean value of 5.3 mmol/l of control animals. Somatogenic and lactogenic receptors in liver membranes and serum GH-BP levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in K+ deficiency, as compared with their pair-fed controls. Liver GH receptors correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with serum GH-BP levels. The growth variables correlated positively with both hepatic somatogenic and lactogenic receptors and serum GH-BP levels, with correlation coefficients that were highest against serum GH-BP and lowest against liver lactogenic receptors. Serum and muscle K+ correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with both liver GH receptors and serum GH-BP, with correlation coefficients that were higher against serum GH-BP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Divergent Approach to the Myriaporones and Tedanolide:  Completion of the Carbon Skeleton of Myriaporone 1 (2002)

[reaction: see text] A linear but concise synthetic approach toward the structurally related natural products myriaporone and tedanolide is reported. The route is highlighted by a stereoselective homoallenylboration and a regio- and chemoselective nitrile oxide cycloaddition. Installation of the (Z)-olefin completed the carbon skeleton of myriaporone 1.
Poikiloderma of Civatte: a clinical and epidemiological study (2005)

PC shows characteristic features, supporting the theory that it represents a distinct entity. It is rather common in Greece. Although menopausal women predominated in our cohort, men were not uncommonly affected and were diagnosed at an older age. Based on the predominating clinical feature, PC can be classified into three clinical forms. Symmetry and sparing of the anatomically shaded areas of the neck are highly characteristic for PC. Face involvement was not as common and as severe as it had been considered in the past. Recognition of clinical type is important for the selection of the most appropriate treatment, which, despite the advent of novel modalities, remains problematic.
Comparative chromatin accessibility upon BDNF stimulation delineates neuronal regulatory elements (2022)

Neuronal stimulation induced by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) triggers gene expression, which is crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, and neurocognitive health. However, its role in chromatin regulation is unclear. Here, using temporal profiling of chromatin accessibility and transcription in mouse primary cortical neurons upon either BDNF stimulation or depolarization (KCl), we identify features that define BDNF-specific chromatin-to-gene expression programs. Enhancer activation is an early event in the regulatory control of BDNF-treated neurons, where the bZIP motif-binding Fos protein pioneered chromatin opening and cooperated with co-regulatory transcription factors (Homeobox, EGRs, and CTCF) to induce transcription. Deleting cis-regulatory sequences affect BDNF-mediated Arc expression, a regulator of synaptic plasticity. BDNF-induced accessible regions are linked to preferential exon usage by neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes and the heritability of neuronal complex traits, which were validated in human iPSC-derived neurons. Thus, we provide a comprehensive view of BDNF-mediated genome regulatory features using comparative genomic approaches to dissect mammalian neuronal stimulation.
Bio‐Nanopatterning: Inkjet Printed Nanopatterned Aptamer‐Based Sensors for Improved Optical Detection of Foodborne Pathogens (Small 24/2019) (2019)

In article number 1805342, Susana Díaz-Amaya, Lia A. Stanciu, and co-workers study the performance of an optimized inkjet printing-approach for nanopatterning of aptameric inks on nitrocellulose. The achieved optical detection of E. coli O157:H7 in real complex samples represents the lowest limit of detection reported to date.
Developing a quality control program for digital mammography: achievements so far and challenges to come (2011)

Detection of breast cancers with mammography is a challenging task. Images must be of high quality if cancers are to be found at the earliest possible time. This motivates the need for a quality assurance program. It has long been recognized that the performance of a complex imaging system such as mammography can drift over time and, therefore, quality control procedures must be in place to ensure that all components of the imaging chain are operating properly. While digital mammography overcomes many of the technical limitations of screen-film mammography, its performance can easily be diminished if it is carried out in a suboptimal manner. Routine quality control is equally important for digital mammography as it was for screen-film imaging. While the need to monitor film processing generally disappears when digital imaging is employed, there are new requirements for quality control related to the display workstation and imaging software. Furthermore, to aid in controlling radiation dose to the breast, ...
A critical study of simulations of the Lennard-Jones liquid-vapor interface (1992)

The surface tension and liquid-gas density profile through the interface of one- and two- component Lennard-Jones fluids were calculated using Molecular Dynamics simulation techniques. The system size, film thickness, interface area, intermolecular potential cut-off, composition, and temperature were varied. For the one-component system, the results were compared to previous work and some discrepancies of the past work were resolved. By combining this work with correct results from previous authors, the minimum system size, film thickness, equilibration time, and the trade-off between cut-off and computer time were determined. Using configurations calculated for moderate cut-offs, the surface tension was extrapolated to the full potential value by using a tail correction and the results compared to simulations performed with the longer cut-offs. The results showed the possibility of obtaining estimates of the surface tension for large cut-off simulations from moderate cut-off simulations provided that the density profile does not change significantly with increase in cut-off. Using the criterion for equilibration determined from the one-component systems, two-component systems at varying compositions and temperatures were simulated and the tail correction applied.
Acquired Long QT and Ventricular Arrhythmias in the Setting of Acute Inflammation (2021)

We report a case series of 4 patients with transient marked QTc prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias in the setting of inflammation with very high ferritin levels. Three patients were positive for coronavirus disease-2019. In the setting of an acute rise in inflammatory markers, electrocardiography screening for QTc prolongation is warranted. (<b>Level of Difficulty: Beginner.</b>).
Reduction in facial photodamage by a topical growth factor product. (2008)

A topical gel containing a proprietary mixture of over 110 growth factors, cytokines, and soluble matrix proteins secreted by human dermal fibroblasts was evaluated for safety and efficacy in the treatment of mild to severe facial photodamage. In a double-blind study, 60 subjects were randomly assigned to receive either active gel or the vehicle and applied twice daily for 6 months along with a moisturizing cleanser and sunscreen. Efficacy (profilometry, photography, and clinical assessment) and safety (adverse event reporting) measures were evaluated at 0, 3, and 6 months. Treatment with the active gel for 3 months produced greater reduction in fine lines and wrinkles than the vehicle treatment as measured by objective and subjective assessment techniques. The results were either statistically significant (P < or = .05) or trending towards statistical significance (P < or = .1). This study demonstrates that addition of a topical formulation of growth factors and cytokines to a basic skin care regimen reduces the signs of photoaging.
Fast neutron spectroscopy using a neutron scatter camera. (2011)

Abstract not provided.