gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide inhibition of IGF‐1 stimulated proteoglycan synthesis: Role of cGMP (2003)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) is critical for normal development and maintenance of cartilage, however arthritic cartilage responds poorly to IGF-1; part of this insensitivity is mediated by nitric oxide (NO). These studies test if cGMP is responsible for NO dependent insensitivity to IGF-1 in chondrocytes in situ in organ culture and in monolayer culture. Lapine cartilage and chondrocytes in monolayer culture and cartilage from osteoarthritic human knees were used. Tissues were exposed to NO from iNOS induced by IL-1, and proteoglycan synthesis in response to IGF-1 was evaluated in the presence and absence of cGMP dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitors. PKG activators inhibited IGF-1 responses in cartilage but not chondrocytes in monolayer. IL-1 stimulated cGMP synthesis in both monolayer and organ cultures. However, PKG inhibitors in cartilage slices but not in monolayer cultures restored response to IGF-1. PKG activity was detected in both fresh and monolayer chondrocytes, confirming this part of the cGMP signal cascade is intact in both of the preparations evaluated. Arthritic cartilage response to IGF-1 was restored by both N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibition of NO synthesis and PKG inhibitors. The data suggests that cGMP mediated effects are critical to NO actions on chondrocytes in situ in the cartilage matrix and supports a role for cGMP in the pathophysiologic effects of NO in osteoarthritis.
On the Performance of LDPC-Coded Massive MIMO Schemes with Power-Ordered NOMA Techniques (2021)

This article studies the power-ordered Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques associated with Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, adopted for use in the fifth generation of cellular communications (5G). Both conventional and cooperative NOMA are studied, associated with Single Carrier with Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO). Billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are aimed to be incorporated by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, requiring more efficient use of the spectrum. NOMA techniques have the potential to support that goal and represent strong candidates for incorporation into future releases of 5G. This article shows that combined schemes associated with both conventional and cooperative LDPC-coded NOMA achieve good performance while keeping the computational complexity at an acceptable level.
Endophyte-host associations in grasses. XXII. Conidia formation by Acremonium endophytes on the phylloplanes of Agrostis hiemalis and Poa rigidifolia (1996)

(1996). Endophyte-host associations in grasses. XXII. Conidia formation by Acremonium endophytes on the phylloplanes of Agrostis hiemalis and Poa rigidifolia. Mycologia: Vol. 88, No. 2, pp. 174-178.
Antagonism of a zinc metalloprotease using a unique metal-chelating scaffold: tropolones as inhibitors of P. aeruginosa elastase (2013)

Tropolone emerged from the screening of a chelator fragment library (CFL) as an inhibitor of the Zn(2+)-dependent virulence factor, Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase (LasB). Based on this initial hit, a series of substituted tropolone-based LasB inhibitors was prepared, and a compound displaying potent activity in vitro and in a bacterial swarming assay was identified. Importantly, this inhibitor was found to be specific for LasB over other metalloenzymes, validating the usage of tropolone as a viable scaffold for identifying first-in-class LasB inhibitors.
Structure of 18'-epivinblastine (1991)

Methyl (3aR-[3a alpha,4 beta,5 beta,5a beta,9(3R*,5S*,7R*,9R*), 10bR,13a alpha])-4-(acetyloxy)-3a-ethyl-9-[5-ethyl-1,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10-octahydro-5-hydroxy-9-(methoxycarbonyl)-2H-3,7- methanoazacycloundecino[5,4-b]indol-9-yl]-3a,4,5,5a,6,11,12, 13a-octahydro-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-6-methyl-1H-indolizino-[8,1-c,d] carbazole- 5-carboxylate methanol solvate, C46H58N4O9. 2CH3OH (1), Mr = 875.07, monoclinic, P2(1), a = 10.2759 (12), b = 22.353 (3), c = 10.4051 (12) A, beta = 106.502 (9) degrees, V = 2291.6 (5) A3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.27 g cm-3, Mo K alpha radiation, lambda = 0.7107 A, mu = 0.8397 cm-1, F(000) = 940, T = 198 K, R = 0.0470 for 2751 reflections, Fo greater than or equal to 4 sigma(Fo). The C ring of the vindoline moiety is in the boat conformation with the hydroxy group and the tertiary N in the bowsprit positions resulting in a fairly short intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction. The relevant parameters for O3--H3...N9 are O...N 2.651 (6), H...N 1.94 (5) A and O--H...N 147 (5) degrees. The D and E rings are in the sofa and envelope conformations, respectively. The piperidine ring of the catharanthine portion of the molecule assumes the chair conformation while the conformation of the azacyclononene ring is a boat-chair. An intramolecular hydrogen bond between the indolino NH of the catharanthine moiety and methoxy O (O25) of the vindoline moiety is also observed. The relevant parameters for N16'--H16'...O25 are N...O 2.827 (6), H...N2.14 (6) A and O--H...N 136 (5) degrees.
ALPHA EEG PREDICTS VISUAL REACTION TIME (2006)

Studies have suggested that consciousness is encoded discretely in time and synchronously in space of the brain. The present study was to model the alpha EEG as a brain clock to carry out the functions and to test whether the quality and rate of the oscillation could predict behavioral timing. Results showed that the alpha peak frequency was correlated with the conflict reaction time, and the selectivity was associated with the simple reaction time. These findings are consistent with previous reports and support the hypothesis that alpha EEG represents excitability cycles and may serves as a brain clock for spatial synchronization.
Supplementary Data from Inhibition of MICA and MICB Shedding Elicits NK-Cell–Mediated Immunity against Tumors Resistant to Cytotoxic T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures and table&lt;/p&gt;
Reversing the course of the competitive adsorption between a phospholipid and albumin at an air–water interface (2013)

When bovine serum albumin (BSA) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) compete for occupation of an air–water interface, the protein rapidly colonizes the interface, effectively hindering the access of the phospholipid, a situation encountered in certain pulmonary conditions. We found that DPPC can totally and irreversibly displace BSA from the surface of a gas bubble when submitted to sustained sinusoidal oscillations at frequencies in the range of those encountered in respiration, and this without recourse to any additive.
Enhancer and Promoter Chimeras in Plasmids Designed for Intramuscular Injection: A Comparative In Vivo and In Vitro Study (1998)

Enhancers and promoters from various muscle-specific genes were substituted for or combined with the enhancer/promoter of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) IE gene in a luciferase reporter gene plasmid in an effort to identify new promoter chimeras with increased expression activity after direct intramuscular injection. The regulatory sequence substitutions or additions varied in content, location, and orientation relative to the CMV regulatory sequences. The expression activities of the derivative and parent plasmids were compared quantitatively in vivo using a standard mouse intramuscular injection assay, and in vitro by transfection of differentiated C2C12 mouse myoblasts and BHK hamster kidney cells, to test whether cultured cell transfection could substitute for at least some animal experimentation. In vivo, 1 of 19 of the enhancer/promoter chimeras increased expression levels. In vitro, some chimeras showed significant expression augmentation in C2C12 cells, but not in BHK cells. We conclude that because of differences in plasmid expression profiles, these cell culture systems cannot readily substitute for in vivo testing of new plasmid constructs.
Fermi-Dirac distribution of excitons in coupled quantum wells (1991)

Time-resolved and cw photoluminescence of excitons in coupled quantum wells with an applied electric field is modeled using a Fermi-Dirac distribution. This distribution can result from inhomogeneous broadening due to interface roughness and the strong, short-range electric dipole repulsion between excitons. The model quantitatively explains the striking temperature dependence of the luminescence linewidth and peak position previously interpreted as a phase transition to an ordered state [T. Fukuzawa, E. E. Mendez, and J. M. Hong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 3066 (1990)]. At very low temperatures (\ensuremath{\lesssim}6 K), the excitons are in a metastable distribution.
Is Teriparatide Beneficial to Spinal Fusion Surgery in the Older Patient? (2019)

Since FDA approval in 2002, teriparatide has gained popularity as an anabolic therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis. Animal studies have suggested a role for teriparatide in spine surgery. Several recent studies have demonstrated adjunctive use of teriparatide in osteoporotic patients undergoing spine fusions improves fusion rates, decreases time to union, and decreases osteoporosis-related complications such as proximal junctional kyphosis. On the basis of the available literature, we outline an algorithm for the use of teriparatide in spine surgery.
Reducing OLTP instruction misses with thread migration (2012)

During an instruction miss a processor is unable to fetch instructions. The more frequent instruction misses are the less able a modern processor is to find useful work to do and thus performance suffers. Online transaction processing (OLTP) suffers from high instruction miss rates since the instruction footprint of OLTP transactions does not fit in today's L1-I caches. However, modern many-core chips have ample aggregate L1 cache capacity across multiple cores. Looking at the code paths concurrently executing transactions follow, we observe a high degree of repetition both within and across transactions. This work presents TMi a technique that uses thread migration to reduce instruction misses by spreading the footprint of a transaction over multiple L1 caches. TMi is a software-transparent, hardware technique; TMi requires no code instrumentation, and efficiently utilizes available cache capacity. This work evaluates TMi's potential and shows that it may reduce instruction misses by 51% on average. This work discusses the underlying tradeoffs and challenges, such as an increase in data misses, and points to potential solutions.
A Dramatic Effect of a Catalytic Amount of Lead on the Simmons-Smith Reaction and Formation of Alkylzinc Compounds from Iodoalkanes. Reactivity of Zinc Metal: Activation and Deactivation (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Dramatic Effect of a Catalytic Amount of Lead on the Simmons-Smith Reaction and Formation of Alkylzinc Compounds from Iodoalkanes. Reactivity of Zinc Metal: Activation and DeactivationKazuhiko Takai, Tadahiro Kakiuchi, and Kiitiro UtimotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 10, 2671–2673Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00089a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00089a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1422Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Accuracy of noisy Spike-Train Reconstruction: a Singularity Theory point of view (2018)

This is a survey paper discussing one specific (and classical) system of algebraic equations - the so called "Prony system". We provide a short overview of its unusually wide connections with many different fields of Mathematics, stressing the role of Singularity Theory. We reformulate Prony System as the problem of reconstruction of "Spike-train" signals of the form $F(x)=\sum_{j=1}^d a_jδ(x-x_j)$ from the noisy moment measurements. We provide an overview of some recent results of [1-3, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 5] on the "geometry of the error amplification" in the reconstruction process, in situations where the nodes $x_j$ near-collide. Some algebraic-geometric structures, underlying the error amplification, are described (Prony, Vieta, and Hankel mappings, Prony varieties), as well as their connection with Vandermonde mappings and varieties. Our main goal is to present some promising fields of possible applications of Singulary Theory.
Influence of Hardness and Residual Stress on Fatigue Limit for High Strength Steel (2009)

For environmental and economical reasons, most vehicles need weight reductions. A useful method to make lighter vehicles is to increase the fatigue limits of vehicle parts. On the previous paper, to prevent the decrease in the fatigue limits of carburized or carbonitrided gears for vehicles by accidental temperature rise while using the gears, a new method, which is treated with the middle temperature tempering before shot peening, was proposed. Based on this consideration, the authors conducted a study by using carburized and carbonitrided specimens on the new method, and evaluated their surface characteristics and bending fatigue limits. The result of the study showed that the fatigue limits of the carburized and carbonitrided specimens processed by the new method achieved 30% and 49% better than those of the specimens assumed accidental temperature rise respectively.
Energy-aware topology control for reliable data delivery in solar-powered WSNs (2013)

Solar power is a valuable source of power for wireless sensor networks, but it periodically requires an appropriate energy management strategy. We introduce a scheme that constructs and maintains a fault-tolerant wireless sensor network topology that can make the best use of solar energy. This topology control scheme is based on a simple model of the availability of solar energy and matches the connectivity of each node with the energy left in its battery. Operating locally, our scheme constructs and maintains a k-connected backbone of energy-rich nodes that handles most of the network’s traffic reliably, without depleting the reserves of energy-poor nodes. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme.
ESCRT III repairs nuclear envelope ruptures during cell migration to limit DNA damage and cell death (2016)

In eukaryotic cells, the nuclear envelope separates the genomic DNA from the cytoplasmic space and regulates protein trafficking between the two compartments. This barrier is only transiently dissolved during mitosis. Here, we found that it also opened at high frequency in migrating mammalian cells during interphase, which allowed nuclear proteins to leak out and cytoplasmic proteins to leak in. This transient opening was caused by nuclear deformation and was rapidly repaired in an ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport)-dependent manner. DNA double-strand breaks coincided with nuclear envelope opening events. As a consequence, survival of cells migrating through confining environments depended on efficient nuclear envelope and DNA repair machineries. Nuclear envelope opening in migrating leukocytes could have potentially important consequences for normal and pathological immune responses.
OVERVIEW OF THE ZECA (ZERO EMISSION COAL ALLIANCE) TECHNOLOGY (2000)

We discuss a novel, emission-free process for producing hydrogen or electricity from coal. Although we focus on coal, the basic approach is compatible with any carbonaceous fuel. The process uses cyclical carbonation of calcium oxide to promote the production of hydrogen from carbon and water. The carbonation of the calcium oxide removes carbon dioxide from the reaction products and provides the additional energy necessary to complete hydrogen production without the need for the combustion of carbon. The calcination of the resulting calcium carbonate is accomplished using the high temperature waste heat from solid oxide fuel cells, which generate electricity from hydrogen fuel. Converting waste heat back to useful chemical energy allows the process to achieve very high conversion efficiency from fuel energy to electrical energy. As the process is essentially closed-loop, the process is able to achieve zero emissions if the concentrated exhaust stream of CO{sub 2} is sequestered. Carbon dioxide disposal is accomplished by the production of magnesium carbonate from ultramafic rock. The end-products of the sequestration process are stable, naturally-occurring minerals. Sufficient high quality ultramafic deposits exist to easily handle all the world's coal.
Diffractive Diffusers For Display Applications (1986)

The structure and design of diffractive optical diffusers for display applications is discussed and a new technique for designing complex relief structures with new, improved diffuser behaviour is described. Such diffusers can be fabricated by laser beam writing techniques. A specific example is given of a diffractive diffuser for improving the subjective quality of color CRT data displays by acting as a low-pass spatial-frequency filter to reduce the noise generated by the matrix dot structure.
Precisely tuned emission from porous silicon vertical optical cavity in the visible region (1996)

The operating peak energy of a porous silicon (PS) cavity can be completely controlled over a wide range of 1.5–2.2 eV, using a PS-based Fabry–Perot resonator composed of a light-emitting active PS layer and two high-reflectivity mirrors. When the PS devices are excited by a uv laser, quite narrow spectra (10–40 meV in full width at half-maximum) are observed without any significant signs of side mode. The central photon energy is precisely and continuously tuned simply by changing the anodization parameters. The key issues of the controlled device operation are adjustment of the optical thickness of the active PS layer to an appropriate value and fabrication of the quarter-wavelength multilayered PS mirror with a high reflectivity. The spectral qualities of the emitted light are also discussed by theoretical analyses on the basis of a simplified model. These results suggest that the PS devices operate as sharp band-pass optical filter and the PS materials are available for novel silicon-based microphotonics.
3D structural foramation utilizing glass transition of a Parylene film (2015)

This paper reports on a fabrication method of three-dimensional micro structures supported by a Parylene thin film. The three-dimensional structure formation procedure starts with an out-of-plane actuation of the Si surface micromachined structure coated with a thin Parylene film. At the same time of the actuation, the environmental temperature was elevated above the glass transition temperature T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> of the Parylene, 80-100 °C, and then cooled down below T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> . In this process, the rearrangement of the Parylene film happens above T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> , and the consolidated Parylene after the cooling down maintains three-dimensional micro structures as actuated. In a proof-of-principle experiment, the three-dimensional spiral structures formed by 300-nm-thick silicon were fixed by 1-μm-thick Parylene film.
RNAi Screening in Primary Human Breast Biopsies Identifies Mitochondrial Glutamate Flux as A Metabolic Vulnerability in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (2021)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death in women[1]. Women with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC) have high risk disease with either large primary breast tumours and/or lymph node involvement. While neoadjuvant chemotherapy eradicates breast cancer in approximately one-third of cases prior to surgery, almost 70% of patients have residual disease and many will require additional chemotherapy post-operatively. Improving pre-operative efficacy of neoadjuvant systemic treatments while reducing their iatrogenicities are critical unmet needs. Methods: Here, we develop an RNA interference (RNAi) screening approach using conditionally reprogrammed primary LABC biopsies to identify genes of the mitochondrial Solute Ligand Carrier 25 (SLC25) family that support LABC cell viability. Results: We report that silencing SLC25A12, -A15, and -A18 genes, involved in glutamate and ornithine flux, augment 5-fluorouracil (5FU) cytotoxic effectiveness in LABC cells. Conclusions: Our data suggest glutamate metabolism may be a tumour-specific metabolic vulnerability in LABC. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RNAi screening in conditionally reprogrammed primary human breast cells can identify novel targets for the development of non-genotoxic BC treatments.
Depletion and Bioaccumulation of Ractopamine Hydrochloride (RH) in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Bovine (2019)

ObjectivesDue to developing meat trade issues associated with use of the β-agonist ractopamine hydrochloride (RH) as a growth-promoting agent in livestock production, this project was developed to provide recommendations of best practices to beef cattle producers in the United States who intend to export to China. This study is critically important in better understanding the bioaccumulation and depletion of RH in live animals, and how this may relate to depletion in differing tissues on animal harvest.This study was designed to determine dose response and depletion curves in the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract of fistulated (i.e., cannulated- both rumen and duodenal) steers either receiving or not receiving ractopamine hydrochloride as part of the daily ration. There were originally five steers in this study, but due to performance challenges and scarring issues, one animal was removed from the study for a total of four test subjects.Materials and MethodsIn the dose and depletion study, four steers (n = 2 not receiving RH and n = 2 receiving RH at the approved dosage) were assessed from –3 d (still receiving RH if on the RH treatment) to 13 d post-withdrawal to determine the amount of RH present and length of time required for RH to clear the GI tract should a contamination event of low levels occur. Residues were quantified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS).ResultsFor the dose and depletion study, RH residues were quantified in rumen fluids, rumen solids, fecal material, and duodenal fluids. Overall, the RH present in the two control steers (which did not receive RH) declined from approximately 30 ppb in all matrices 3 d before withdrawal to below the limit of quantitation at the end of withdrawal. Furthermore, samples tended to be below the limit of quantitation by Day 4 post-withdrawal. The steers that received RH also exhibited a decline of RH throughout the withdrawal period for all matrices (e.g., 5800 ppb in rumen fluids at day –3 versus 1.81 ppb 13 d post-withdrawal).ConclusionThe dose and depletion study results suggest that RH declines rapidly in the lower GI of beef cattle, with levels below detection by day four. There are events in which RH declines and then spikes, so further research may be necessary to determine why this rapid increase occurs.