gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibrinogen distribution on surfaces and in organelles of ADP stimulated human blood platelets. (1985)

The fibrinogen distribution in platelet organelles after ADP-stimulation was investigated with anti-human fibrinogen using protein A-gold applied to serial sections. Fibrinogen was detected in the so-called alpha-granules of platelets and also in granule protrusions which were observed after ADP-stimulation. The ends of these protrusions were formed as coated membranes and the tips were often in apposition to the surface connected membranes or the plasmalemma. At such places fusion events and hence signs of an exocytosis could be demonstrated by means of cryofixation and cryosubstitution. Examination of serial sections revealed fibrinogen on all these granule profiles. Surface connected membranes, free surfaces and the characteristic structure of the contact zones of aggregated platelets were also labelled by gold particles but less than anticipated. On the platelet surfaces and surface connected membranes fibrinogen was rarely demonstrable with ferritin-labelled anti-human fibrinogen on washed or thrombin-stimulated, almost fibrinogen free platelets. After addition of human fibrinogen to the thrombin stimulated and disaggregated platelets a part of the platelets aggregated spontaneously and formed characteristic contact zones. Anti-human fibrinogen was observed on the free surfaces, in filamentous bridges between the contact spaces and in a tubular surface connected membrane system with involvement of coated membranes at the central ends of these structures. The results indicate the following: all alpha-granules contain fibrinogen; after ADP-stimulation secretion takes place with involvement of coated membranes; during aggregation fibrinogen binds to platelet surfaces and forms contact spaces; fibrinogen is taken up by the surface connected system with involvement of coated membranes.
FreMEn: Frequency Map Enhancement for Long-Term Mobile Robot Autonomy in Changing Environments (2017)

We present a new approach to long-term mobile robot mapping in dynamic indoor environments. Unlike traditional world models that are tailored to represent static scenes, our approach explicitly models environmental dynamics. We assume that some of the hidden processes that influence the dynamic environment states are periodic and model the uncertainty of the estimated state variables by their frequency spectra. The spectral model can represent arbitrary timescales of environment dynamics with low memory requirements. Transformation of the spectral model to the time domain allows for the prediction of the future environment states, which improves the robot's long-term performance in changing environments. Experiments performed over time periods of months to years demonstrate that the approach can efficiently represent large numbers of observations and reliably predict future environment states. The experiments indicate that the model's predictive capabilities improve mobile robot localization and navigation in changing environments.
Hepatocyte growth factor and c‐Met expression in pericytes: implications for atherosclerotic plaque development (2007)

Intraplaque neovascularization contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis. Our aim is to understand the mobilization of cells and factors involved in this process. We investigated the localization of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, c-Met, in human atherosclerotic plaques, together with the effects of HGF on pericyte migration in vitro. Atherosclerotic femoral arterial segments were collected and analysed from 13 subjects who were undergoing lower limb amputation. Pericytes were identified in human lesions using a 3G5 antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis localized HGF mainly around microvessels, in association with some, but not all, CD31-positive endothelial cells. c-Met expression was mainly associated with smooth muscle cells and pericytes, around some, but not all, microvessels within the atherosclerotic lesions; no detection was apparent in normal internal mammary arteries. Using RT-PCR, we demonstrated expression of HGF and c-Met in a rat pericyte cell-line, TR-PCT1, and in primary pericytes. HGF treatment of TR-PCT1 cells induced their migration, but not their proliferation, in a dose-dependent manner (10-100 ng/ml, p<0.01), an effect mediated by activation of the serine/threonine kinase Akt, shown by western blot analysis. Treating the cells with the PI3K inhibitors Wortmannin (0.1 microM) or LY294002 (10 microM) abolished these effects. This work demonstrates the expression of c-Met and HGF in human atherosclerotic arteries, in association with SM-actin-positive cells and CD-31-positive cells, respectively. HGF induces pericyte migration via PI3-kinase and Akt activation in vitro. HGF and c-Met may be involved in neovascularization during plaque development, and may recruit pericytes to neovessels. Since pericytes are thought to mechanically stabilize new blood vessels, these factors may function to protect against haemorrhage.
Kerr effect studies on mixtures of liquid crystals (1997)

The electro-optical Kerr effect was studied for mixtures of low molar mass liquid crystals within the isotropic phase in the neighbourhood of the nematic phase. The mixtures are characterized by components having similar or antagonistic dipole configurations, as well as different molecular geometries (calamitic and discotic). The investigations reveal that simple mixing rules can be applied for the description of the Kerr response of the mixtures in spite of the fact that the Kerr response displays a set of unusual features, among them a temperature induced sign inversion and synergistic effects.
Abstract A52: Deciphering MET-dependent modulation of global cellular responses to DNA damage by quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals Ser1016 as a novel MET phosphosite that regulates cellular response to irradiation (2020)

Abstract There is emerging evidence that DNA damage response (DDR) intertwines with signaling pathways downstream of oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Two complementary phosphoproteomic approaches revealed global networks and identified and validated core phosphosites that participate in a crosstalk between the MET RTK and the DDR, including a newly discovered phosphosite on MET itself, Ser1016. DNA-PK phosphorylates Ser1016, and this phosphorylation is increased following irradiation. Cell lines as well as animal models expressing Ser1016Ala phosphodeficient receptor exhibit greater sensitivity to irradiation. MET Ser1016Ala mutants fail to undergo proper radiation-induced cell cycle arrest by bypassing the G2 checkpoint with a premature entry into mitosis and abnormal mitotic spindles, leading to a lower proliferation rate of Ser1016-deficient cells. Regulation of MET activity through Ser1016 phosphorylation by a DDR core kinase represents a critical event involved in DNA repair signaling through a growth factor receptor that frequently functions as a tumor driver. Citation Format: Jonas P. Koch, Ariel Bensimon, Selina M. Roth, Matúš Medo, Paola Francica, Eleonora Orlando, Rahel Riedo, Jacopo Gavini, Aurélie Quintin, Astrid A. Glück, Deborah M. Stroka, Andree Blaukat, Daniel M. Aebersold, Yitzhak Zimmer, Ruedi Aebersold, Michaela Medová. Deciphering MET-dependent modulation of global cellular responses to DNA damage by quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals Ser1016 as a novel MET phosphosite that regulates cellular response to irradiation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolving Landscape of Cancer Modeling; 2020 Mar 2-5; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A52.
Recovery of Silver from Tailings and Mercury in Abandoned and Contaminated Soils at the Potosí Mine under the Reign of Fifth Viceroy Toledo during Spanish Colonial Rule (2014)

スペイン植民地時代のポトシ鉱山において，第五代副王トレド (1569～1581) は銀の抽出に水銀アマルガム製錬法を全面的に採用した。合わせて水力利用を軸とする鉱山都市計画を推進しつつ，従来の製錬法では処理されず廃棄されていた大量の廃鉱石や屑鉱石を原料とするアマルガム製錬を徹底することにより鉱山業の劇的復興を図った。その結果，5 年間で約 200 万ペソの銀を回収することが可能となった。一方，新技術導入後は，反応を終えた混合物の水洗選鉱後の鉱泥から逸失水銀の回収を推進し，年間 2,000 キンタルの回収水銀を再利用に供した。この量は年間消費量のおよそ 30%に相当する量であった。これら当時の廃棄物からの資源回収システムは，現代の循環型社会形成に向けての諸施策に示唆を与えると考えられる。なお，1545 年以降のポトシ鉱山の開発に伴う鉱害要因の中には，現在なお弊害を及ぼしている課題もあり，河川や底泥の重金属汚染がその一例である。
Changes in Body Composition with Yogurt Consumption during Resistance Training in Women (2009)

Habitual consumption of yogurt during resistance training did not augment changes in body composition compared with a low-dairy diet. Y decreased %BF as a result of training, however, even with increased calorie consumption.
Cs Br ∕ Ga N heterojunction photoelectron source (2007)

Experimental results on a new CsBr∕GaN heterojunction photocathode structure are presented. The results indicate a fourfold improvement in photoyield relative to CsBr∕Cr photocathodes. A model is presented based on intraband states in CsBr and electron injection from the GaN (with 1% addition of indium) substrate to explain the observed photoyield enhancement. The photocathode lifetime at high current density (&amp;gt;40A∕cm2) is limited by laser heating of the small illuminated area. Calculations are presented for sapphire and diamond substrates, indicating a factor of 20 reduction in temperature for the latter. The results are encouraging for the realization of a high photoyield photocathode operating at high current density with long lifetime.
Pain Patterns after Distension of the Gallbladder in Patients with Acute Cholecystitis (1998)

Pain caused by increased gallbladder pressure is localized mostly, but not always, under the right curvature and in the epigastrium. A substantial variation in cystic duct opening pressure was found.
Cardiac magnetic resonance-derived anatomy, scar, and dyssynchrony fused with fluoroscopy to guide LV lead placement in cardiac resynchronization therapy: a comparison with acute haemodynamic measures and echocardiographic reverse remodelling (2012)

CMR guidance compared well when validated against the AHR. Lead placement was possible in the CMR target region in most patients with an AHR comparable with the best achieved in any CS branch. The chronic response was significantly better in patients paced in a CMR target segment. These results suggest that CMR guidance may represent a clinically useful tool for CRT.
"The Eagle of the 11th Kansas": Wartime Reminiscences of Colonel Thomas Moonlight (2003)

Kip Lindberg, Matt Matthews, Thomas Moonlight, "The Eagle of the 11th Kansas": Wartime Reminiscences of Colonel Thomas Moonlight, The Arkansas Historical Quarterly, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Spring, 2003), pp. 1-41
Acousto-optic interaction in polyimide coated optical fibers (2017)

An acoustic/elastic wave propagating along an optical fiber has the capability to produce coupling between optical fiber modes. A variety of all-fiber, dynamic, and reconfigurable components has been demonstrated over the last decades using either flexural· longitudinal· or torsional elastic modes [1· 2]. From the practical point of view, the main limitation of such devices arises from the huge elastic attenuation in fibers with protective polymer coating. Consequently, the polymer jacket of the fiber section along which the acousto-optic interaction takes place must be removed. The bare fiber section compromises the long-term reliability of the component. Recently, acousto-optic coupling using torsional wave was demonstrated in thin metal-coated optical fibers [3]. The metal coating provides low attenuation of the elastic wave and surface protection of the fiber, but still fiber handling is compromised. In this paper, we present the first experimental demonstration of in-fiber acousto-optic coupling in polyimide-coated optical fibers.
Biological Wastewater Treatment in Warm Climate Regions (2005)

Introduction to Water Quality and to Wastewater Treatment Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment Natural Treatment Systems Anaerobic Reactors Activated Sludge Sludge Treatment and Disposal
Improved TMC1 gene therapy restores hearing and balance in mice with genetic inner ear disorders (2019)

Fifty percent of inner ear disorders are caused by genetic mutations. To develop treatments for genetic inner ear disorders, we designed gene replacement therapies using synthetic adeno-associated viral vectors to deliver the coding sequence for Transmembrane Channel-Like (Tmc) 1 or 2 into sensory hair cells of mice with hearing and balance deficits due to mutations in Tmc1 and closely related Tmc2. Here we report restoration of function in inner and outer hair cells, enhanced hair cell survival, restoration of cochlear and vestibular function, restoration of neural responses in auditory cortex and recovery of behavioral responses to auditory and vestibular stimulation. Secondarily, we find that inner ear Tmc gene therapy restores breeding efficiency, litter survival and normal growth rates in mouse models of genetic inner ear dysfunction. Although challenges remain, the data suggest that Tmc gene therapy may be well suited for further development and perhaps translation to clinical application.
Correction of LiDAR measurement error in complex terrain by CFD: Case study of the Yangyang pumped storage plant (2017)

In complex terrain, the inhomogeneity of wind speed in a horizontal plane at light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurement heights is generally high due to the curvature of the flow. Consequently, it is impossible to avoid measurement errors when using LiDAR, a ground-based remote-sensing device in such terrain. To correct this measurement error, the vertical wind speed gradient along the horizontal direction is calculated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software such as WindSim. This article validated the effectiveness of the WindSim remote-sensing correction module by applying it to the Yangyang pumped storage plant site, which is surrounded by very complex mountainous terrain with a maximum difference in elevation of 765 m and an average terrain slope of 26.7°, and performed an 84-h short-term field campaign using a WindCube LiDAR. It is shown that the WindSim remote-sensing correction module slightly but systematically improved the accuracy of predicting wind speed and wind power output with respect to the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) dataset of two adjacent wind turbines at the Yangyang pumped storage plant.
A Phase Change Memory Cell With Metal Nitride Liner as a Resistance Stabilizer to Reduce Read Current Noise for MLC Optimization (2016)

Relatively large noise of phase change material is one of the obstacles for realization of multilevel cell (MLC) using phase change memory (PCM) technology. We experimentally verify that the noise in PCM can be lowered as much as <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> times by a novel PCM cell which utilizes metal nitride liner to provide an alternative conductive path to the amorphous region with large noise. Program-and-verify (PNV) simulation based on noise measurement data confirms that the small noise of a PCM cell with metal nitride liner improves the MLC performance either by reducing number of PNV iterations or bit-error rate.
Coronary artery calcification and dietary cholesterol intake in Korean men. (2002)

Objective -This study was performed to examine the relationship between dietary cholesterol intake and coronary artery calcification (CAC) score in healthy men. Methods - Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) was used to examine the CAC score in 135 Korean men aged 40-81 years who did not have clinical illness. Dietary cholesterol intake was assessed by a nutritionist using a semiquantitative food frequency method. Body mass index (BMI), serum lipid levels, cigarette use, alcohol intake, exercise, and a past history of cardiovascular disease were determined during interview and examination. Results-the resultant median CAC score among those who experienced CAC was 22.5 (I-697) and average intakes of total fat and cholesterol were 22.4% (13.8-40.7) of total energy intake and 306.0 mg/day (84-1191). When the participants were classified into high (≥ 75 percentile) and low (< 75 percentile) CAC score groups, multiple logistic analysis showed that the cholesterol intake (per 10 mg/1000 kcal of energy) was significantly related to a high CAC score (OR 1.12: 95% Cl 1.02 - 1.24), after adjustment for age, BMI, serum triglyceride level, past history of hypertension, past history of hyperlipidaemia, and energy intake. Also, when participants were classified into 2 groups (CAC score ≥ 100 vs. < 100), cholesterol intake was found to be significantly related to CAC score. However, fatty acid intakes were not significantly related to the CAC score. Conclusion -These results suggest that in a population with a relatively low risk of coronary heart disease, higher cholesterol intake may increase the level of CAC.
Towards new copper based radiopharmaceuticals. (2008)

This paper reviews the research in progress in Oxford on the chemical, spectroscopic and redox properties of bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes of zinc and copper in the context of the hypoxia selectivity of the copper(II) complex. Also, covered are synthetic strategies for modified complexes with a range of functional substituents and the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of two of these derivatives are described. Finally, the synthesis of some new bifunctional macrocyclic ligands is described and some of these give Cu(II) derivatives which cannot be reduced and are therefore resistant to reductive loss of copper in vivo.
Introduction to the Second Annual Rostand Vitamin D Symposium (2009)

The role of vitamin D in multiple organ systems is coming into sharp focus with recent advances in the understanding of its mechanisms of actions and interplay with multiple organ systems. Important distinctions between the role of 25-hydroxy metabolites that serve as substrates for subsequent hydroxylase reactions and the class of vitamin D receptor stimulating agents are important in understanding the clinical use of vitamin D in various clinical conditions.
Abnormalities in reparative function of lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in emphysema (2021)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may provide crucial support in the regeneration of destructed alveolar tissue (emphysema) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that lung-derived MSCs (LMSCs) from patients with emphysema are hampered in their repair capacity, either intrinsically or due to their interaction with the damaged microenvironment. LMSCs were isolated from the lung tissue of controls and patients with severe emphysema and characterized at baseline. In addition, LMSCs were seeded onto control and emphysematous decellularized lung tissue scaffolds and assessed for deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). We observed no differences in surface markers, differentiation/proliferation potential, and expression of ECM genes between control- and COPD-derived LMSCs. Notably, COPD-derived LMSCs displayed lower expression of <i>FGF10</i> and <i>HGF</i> messenger RNA (mRNA) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and decorin protein. When seeded on control decellularized lung tissue scaffolds, control- and COPD-derived LMSCs showed no differences in engraftment, proliferation, or survival within 2 wk, with similar ability to deposit new matrix on the scaffolds. Moreover, LMSC numbers and the ability to deposit new matrix were not compromised on emphysematous scaffolds. Collectively, our data show that LMSCs from patients with COPD compared with controls show less expression of <i>FGF10</i> mRNA, HGF mRNA and protein, and decorin protein, whereas other features including the mRNA expression of various ECM molecules are unaffected. Furthermore, COPD-derived LMSCs are capable of engraftment, proliferation, and functioning on native lung tissue scaffolds. The damaged, emphysematous microenvironment as such does not hamper the potential of LMSCs. Thus, specific intrinsic deficiencies in growth factor production by diseased LMSCs may contribute to impaired alveolar repair in emphysema.
A Single Amino Acid Substitution in Therminator DNA Polymerase Increases Incorporation Efficiency of Deoxyxylonucleotides (2018)

Deoxyxylonucleic acid (dxNA) is a synthetic polymer that might have potential for heredity and evolution. Because of dxNA's unusual backbone geometry, sequence information stored in it is presumed to be inaccessible to natural nucleic acids or proteins. Despite a large structural similarity with natural nucleotides, incorporation of 2'-deoxyxylonucleotides (dxNTs) through the action of polymerases is limited. We present the identification of a mutant of the DNA polymerase Therminator with increased tolerance to deoxyxylose-induced backbone distortions. Whereas the original polymerase stops after incorporation of two consecutive dxNTs, the mutant is able to catalyse the extension of incorporated dxNTs with 2'-deoxyribonucleotides (dNTs) and the incorporation of up to four dxNTs alternates with dNTs, thereby translocating a highly distorted double helix throughout the entire polymerase. A single His-to-Arg substitution very close to the catalytic site residues is held to be responsible for interaction with the primer phosphate groups and for stabilizing nucleotide sugar-induced distortions during incorporation and translocation.
Inverter Loss Reduction Using 3kV SiC-JBS Diode and High-Speed Drive Circuit (2010)

We developed a JBS diode with characteristics of a low forward voltage and a low leakage current at 3kV. Further, we built a prototype of a 3kV/200A hybrid module, equipped with Si-IGBTs and SiC-JBS diodes. We attempted to decrease the recovery loss, and the decrease in the turn-on power loss, by using a hybrid module and a high-speed drive circuit. Moreover, we estimated that the total energy loss of the converter and the inverter were reduced to about 33%.
Variational Disentanglement for Domain Generalization (2021)

Domain generalization aims to learn an invariant model that can generalize well to the unseen target domain. In this paper, we propose to tackle the problem of domain generalization by delivering an effective framework named Variational Disentanglement Network (VDN), which is capable of disentangling the domain-specific features and task-specific features, where the task-specific features are expected to be better generalized to unseen but related test data. We further show the rationale of our proposed method by proving that our proposed framework is equivalent to minimize the evidence upper bound of the divergence between the distribution of task-specific features and its invariant ground truth derived from variational inference. We conduct extensive experiments to verify our method on three benchmarks, and both quantitative and qualitative results illustrate the effectiveness of our method.
Dynamic Template Assisted Electrodeposition of Porous ZnO Thin Films Using a Triangular Potential Waveform (2010)

Without the use of surfactants, a uniform and porous structure zinc oxide film has been synthesized in a chloride electrolyte using a triangular potential waveform. The triangular waveform parameters have been determined based on the findings of the linear sweep voltammetry and the cyclic voltammetry in the chloride electrolyte. The mechanism for producing the porous ZnO film can be attributed to the anodic current that dissolves the metallic zinc grains to form nanosized pores and, more importantly, the Cl− ions in oxidation reactions and the ZnCl+ ions in reduction reactions that cyclically function as dynamic templates for the pinning effect and the blocking effect on the zinc oxide film, respectively. The study is of significance not only in successfully developing a promising alternative for synthesizing porous ZnO films but also in understanding the underlying mechanism by the concept of dynamic templates. The findings of the paper also lay down a good foundation for further developing this technique into practical use.