gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-line prediction for load profile of an air-conditioning system (1995)

This paper describes a load profile prediction algorithm that has recently been developed for use in the optimal operation of cool/heat storage systems. It is highly desirable to devise an on-line prediction technique so that the difference between a predicted load and an actual load is as small as possible. To accomplish this, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is assumed. The modeling is first done for the past load data. Next, the model predicts load profiles for the next day. The load profiles are updated every hour on the basis of the newly obtained load data. Performance of the load profile prediction algorithm was assessed by recording the cooling load (1987) at an Osaka site. Results show generally good agreement between actual and predicted loads.
Anti‐MIC2 as a tool in examination of testicular biopsies (1999)

MIC2 is a pseudoautosomal gene localized on X and Y chromosomes. The MIC2 gene product is a glycoprotein expressed on the cell membranes of a number of somatic cells, including Sertoli cells of the testis, but not on the cell membranes of germ cells. In cases of cryptorchidism, a testicular biopsy is recommended in order to evaluate future fertility potential. The spermatogonia are identified on histological sections and the number per tubular transverse section is compared with normal values for age. The patient is at 33-100% risk of subsequent infertility when the number of spermatogonia per tubular transverse section is lower than 1% of the lowest normal age-matched value. Besides Sertoli cells the seminiferous tubules in undescended testes contain only a few germ cells, and it may be difficult to pinpoint the germ cells in small biopsies. Especially in nonpalpable testes their number may be heavily reduced. A reliable identification of germ cells may also be difficult in cultures of testicular biopsies from undescended testes. Against this background, we tried the use of an immunohistochemical method with DAKO antibody to the MIC2 gene product (MIC2, 12 E7, code no. M3601) in order to obtain a "negative reaction" of germ cells, contrasting with the stained Sertoli cells. The material comprised: 44 specimens of testicular parenchyma taken at time of surgery for cryptorchidism from 24 cryptorchid boys with nonpalpable testes and 14 testicular biopsies from 13 cryptorchid patients with palpable testes which had been cultured in vitro for 7, 14 or 21 days. In all cases the immunohistochemical method with DAKO antibody to the MIC2 gene product was helpful for identification of Sertoli cells and germ cells, and we therefore recommend the use of anti-MIC2 in all testicular biopsies where it is difficult to pinpoint the germ cells.
Analysis of HDFS RPC and Hadoop with RDMA by evaluating write performance (2016)

In the era of data explosion, one of the crowd pleasing words is Big Data. For large scale data handling and processing, Hadoop is in the mainstream. The Hadoop Distributed File Storage deals with the issue of data availability by replicating the data over multiple servers. When the data has to be written over multiple remote locations, the write performance is a major consideration. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the HDFS write performance using both the replication schemes, i.e., the default Pipelined Replication and Parallel Replication. The TestDFSIO Benchmark is used for benchmarking the Hadoop cluster with both replication schemes. It is observed that the write throughput of the Hadoop cluster using the parallel replication is 8% more than that of pipeline replication. It is also observed that the performance of RDMA based HDFS is far better than HDFS RPC.
UPcycling using Additive Manufacturing (UpAM) project seeks to introduce an innovative educational and interactive framework to demonstrate the benefits of upcycling (2018)

The UPcycling using Additive Manufacturing (UpAM) project seeks to introduce an innovative educational and interactive framework to demonstrate the benefits of upcycling so that any individual can produce their own products using recycled raw materials. For years, societies have been aware that the unlimited consumption of products is unavoidably intertwined with the unlimited production of waste. This is exactly why scientists and researchers have been trying to find alternative and meaningful solutions to the Linear Economy model, a model that dictates a specific sequence of events: extracting raw materials, manufacturing products, consuming and discarding these products. Looking beyond that ‘take, make, dispose’ approach, it was in 1989 that the notion of Circular Economy (CE) was first proposed by Pearce and Turner; a concept that is restorative and regenerative and that involves reusing products, repairing, recycling and upcycling. Therefore, the core element of this innovative and environmentally-friendly model is to rely on system-wide innovative processes in order to redefine products, services and, most importantly, our way of thinking, to design waste out, thus allowing a profound transition to renewable energy sources
Bioinspired All‐Polyester Diblock Copolymers Made from Poly(pentadecalactone) and Poly(2‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)benzoate): Synthesis and Polymer Film Properties (2020)

Abstract The bioinspired diblock copolymers poly(pentadecalactone)‐ block ‐poly(2‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)benzoate) (PPDL‐ block ‐P2HEB) are synthesized from pentadecalactone and dihydro‐5H‐1,4‐benzodioxepin‐5‐one (2,3‐DHB). No transesterification between the blocks is observed. In a sequential approach, PPDL obtained by ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) is used to initiate 2,3‐DHB. Here, the molar mass M n of the P2HEB block is limited. In a modular approach, end‐functionalized PPDL and P2HEB are obtained separately by ROP with functional initiators, and connected by 1,3‐dipolar Huisgen reaction (“click‐chemistry”). Block copolymer compositions from 85:15 mass percent to 28:72 mass percent (PPDL:P2HEB) are synthesized, with M n of from about 30 000–50 000 g mol −1 . The structure of the block copolymer is confirmed by proton NMR, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Morphological studies by atomic force microscopy (AFM) further confirms the block copolymer structure, while quantitative nanomechanical AFM measurements reveal that the Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov moduli of the block copolymers range between 17.2 ± 1.8 and 62.3 ± 5.7 MPa, i.e., between the values of the parent P2HEB and PPDL homopolymers (7.6 ± 1.4 and 801 ± 42 MPa, respectively). Differential scanning calorimetry shows that the thermal properties of the homopolymers are retained by each of the copolymer blocks (melting temperature 90 °C, glass transition temperature 36 °C).
HIF-1 regulates CD47 expression in breast cancer cells to promote evasion of phagocytosis and maintenance of cancer stem cells (2015)

Increased expression of CD47 has been reported to enable cancer cells to evade phagocytosis by macrophages and to promote the cancer stem cell phenotype, but the molecular mechanisms regulating CD47 expression have not been determined. Here we report that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) directly activates transcription of the CD47 gene in hypoxic breast cancer cells. Knockdown of HIF activity or CD47 expression increased the phagocytosis of breast cancer cells by bone marrow-derived macrophages. CD47 expression was increased in mammosphere cultures, which are enriched for cancer stem cells, and CD47 deficiency led to cancer stem cell depletion. Analysis of datasets derived from thousands of patients with breast cancer revealed that CD47 expression was correlated with HIF target gene expression and with patient mortality. Thus, CD47 expression contributes to the lethal breast cancer phenotype that is mediated by HIF-1.
Windage Power Loss in Gas Foil Bearings and the Rotor-Stator Clearance of High Speed Generators Operating in High Pressure Environments (2009)

Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) and Closed Supercritical Cycle (CSC) engines are prime candidates to convert heat from a reactor into electric power for robotic space exploration and habitation. These engine concepts incorporate a permanent magnet starter / generator mounted on the engine shaft along with the requisite turbomachinery. Successful completion of the long duration missions currently anticipated for these engines will require designs that adequately address all losses within the machine. The preliminary thermal management concept for these engine types is to use the cycle working fluid to provide the required cooling. In addition to providing cooling, the working fluid will also serve as the bearing lubricant. Additional requirements due to the unique application of these microturbines are zero contamination of the working fluid and entirely maintenance-free operation for many years. Losses in the gas foil bearings and within the rotor-stator gap of the generator become increasingly important as both rotational speed and mean operating pressure are increased. This paper presents the results of an experimental study, which obtained direct torque measurements on gas foil bearings and generator rotor-stator gaps. Test conditions for these measurements included rotational speeds up to 42000 revolutions per minute, pressures up to 45 atmospheres, and test gases of Nitrogen, Helium, and Carbon Dioxide. These conditions provided a maximum test Taylor number of nearly one million. The results show an exponential rise in power loss as mean operating density is increased for both the gas foil bearing and generator windage. These typical “secondary” losses can become larger than the total system output power if conventional design paradigms are followed. A non-dimensional analysis is presented to extend the experimental results into the CSC range for the generator windage.
Exciton Emission under Strong Exciton-Plasmon Coupling in Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

The efficacy of a drug is generally determined by the drug's ability to promote a quantifiable biological response. In the context of the classical receptor-occupancy theory, the efficacy is considered an intrinsic property of the ligand/receptor pair, and it is often assumed to be the same for all the responses evoked by this pair. The recognition that a single receptor can engage different signalling pathways and that various drugs binding to this receptor might differentially influence each of these pathways led to the reassessment of the efficacy concept. Of particular notice is the fact that ligands that behave as agonists toward a given signalling pathway can act, through the same receptor, as antagonists or even inverse agonists on a different pathway in the same cell. These observations, variously referred to as 'ligand-directed trafficking of receptor signalling' (LDTRS), 'functional selectivity', 'biased agonism', 'ligand-biased efficacy', 'collateral efficacy' or 'pluridimensional efficacy', have important implications for the molecular definition of efficacy and the process of drug discovery.
Optical single sideband polarization modulation for radio-over-fiber system and microwave photonic signal processing (2014)

An approach to implementing optical single sideband (OSSB) polarization modulation, which is a combination of two orthogonally polarized OSSB modulations with complementary phase differences between the optical carrier and the sideband, is demonstrated based on two cascaded polarization modulators (PolMs). The two PolMs are driven by two RF signals that are 90° out of phase. By properly adjusting the polarization state between the two PolMs, OSSB polarization modulation with large operation bandwidth can be realized. An experiment is performed. OSSB polarization modulation with an operation bandwidth from 2 to 35 GHz is successfully demonstrated. The spectral profile of the OSSB polarization-modulated signal is observed through an optical spectrum analyzer, and its complementary phase properties are analyzed by sending the signal to a photodetector (PD) for square-law detection. Due to the complementary phase differences between the optical carrier and the sideband along the two polarization directions, no microwave frequency component is generated after the PD. The generated OSSB polarization-modulated signal is transmitted through 25 and 50 km single-mode fiber with 50 Mbaud 16 quadrature amplitude modulation baseband data to investigate the transmission performance of the proposed system in radio-over-fiber applications, and very small error vector magnitude degradation is observed. OSSB polarization modulation is also employed to realize a microwave photonic phase shifter. A full-range tunable phase shift is obtained for 2 and 35 GHz microwave signals.
Defect Modulation of Z-Scheme TiO2/Cu2O Photocatalysts for Durable Water Splitting (2019)

Although possessing high activity for solar hydrogen production, exploring robust Cu2O-based photocatalysts remains a challenging task due to its intrinsic drawback of susceptible oxidation. Herein, we present a strategy to stabilize Cu2O by modulating the exposed facets and structural defects of TiO2. Both experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations proved that surface oxygen vacancies in 101-faceted TiO2 could create conducting channels for denoting electrons to Cu2O, mimicking the Z-scheme charge transfer in natural photosynthesis. Due to the defect-enhanced charge separation and the effective scavenging of oxidative holes in Cu2O, Cu2O/TiO2 heterostructures with exposed {101} facets and oxygen vacancies exhibited 251-fold increased activity for solar water splitting, together with unpredicted photostability. In contrast, defect-induced isolated states in the bulk of 001-faceted TiO2 led to the formation of Type II Cu2O/TiO2 junction with moderate photoactivity and poor stability. Thus, our work not only provides insights into the facet- and defect-dependent interfacial mechanism in heterostructured nanocatalysts but also opens up a promising avenue for developing high-performance noble-metal-free photocatalysts for energy conversion applications.
Determining Nanoparticle Size in Real Time by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering in a Microscale Flow System (2010)

Precise in situ measurements are becoming more important as we seek to identify and harness the unique properties of novel nanomaterials, yet key challenges remain in determining structures with current analytical approaches. We report here an in situ multitechnique approach that permits the real-time measurement of the sizes of nanoparticles in flowing solutions. A series of ligand-stabilized Au nanoparticle standards (dCORE = 0.8−5 nm) was analyzed by simultaneous small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and UV−vis spectroscopy in a microscale flow system. A specially designed observation cell provided access to both measurements at an identical location in the flow system and allowed for the correlation of SAXS and TEM analyses. Comparison of flow-based UV−vis data to those obtained ex situ provided a bridge between in situ SAXS and ex situ TEM measurements. Average core size from both techniques matched closely for each sample, while polydispersity values from SAXS measurements were smaller than those from TEM. By correlating in situ and ex situ measurements for well-defined nanoparticle standards, these experiments form the basis of a powerful approach to assess nanoparticle core size within flowing microscale systems.
Engaging Older Adults with Dementia in Creative Occupations Using Artificially Intelligent Assistive Technology (2012)

Engagement in creative occupations has been shown to promote well-being for older adults with dementia. Providing access to such occupations is often difficult, as successful participation requires face-time with a person who is knowledgeable in facilitating engagement as well as access to any required resources, such as an arts studio. In response, a computer-based device, the Engaging Platform for Art Development (ePAD), was created to with the aim of enabling more independent access to art creation, ePAD is a an artificially intelligent touch-screen device that estimates a client's level of engagement and provides prompts to encourage engagement if the client becomes disengaged. ePAD is customizable such that an art therapist can choose themes and tools that they feel reflect their client's needs and preferences. This article presents a mixed-methods study that evaluated ePAD's usability by six older adult (with mild-to-moderate dementia) and art therapist dyads. Usability measures suggest that all participants found ePAD engaging but did not find prompts effective. Future development of ePAD includes improving the prompts, implementing the recommendations made by participants in this research, and long-term testing in more naturalistic art therapy contexts.
Automatic vehicle steering controls: DGPS/INS and magnetic markers (2004)

This paper describes the process of designing a simple high-gain automatic steering controller for a passenger vehicle based on the control states obtained from the integrated carrier phase (CP) Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) aided inertial navigation system (INS) system. Applying the "look-ahead" principle developed for the magnetic marker based steering control system, the process results in very similar control laws for both sensing systems. The dynamic differences between feeding back the yaw angle (using two magnet sensors, or two GPS antennae) and feeding back heading angle (using one magnet sensor or one GPS antenna) are investigated in this paper. Results from the closed-loop steering control experiments for speeds up to 65 mph using the two-magnet-sensors and one-GPS-antenna configuration support the system analysis.
An experimental technique of laparoscopic bowel resection and reanastomosis. (1992)

With the development of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, surgeons have been stimulated to develop techniques that allow many open surgical procedures to be performed laparoscopically. Appendectomy, hernia repair, and vagotomy have already been introduced clinically. Laparoscopic bowel resection, however, is somewhat more complicated. Bowel transection, mass tissue removal, and reanastomosis in the proper geometric fashion are critical to the success of this type of operation. The introduction of the Endo-GIA stapler (United States Surgical Corp., Norwalk, CT) will make this procedure feasible on a large-scale basis. The major problem with bowel resection is not transection or tissue removal, but, rather, reanastomosis. With intracorporeal anastomosis, manipulation of the bowel with proper orientation becomes difficult. This is less of a problem when performing low-anterior resection, however, because one of the bowel limbs is fixed. The purpose of this study was to develop a technique in the laboratory that would ensure proper orientation of the two bowel limbs, with minimal manipulation prior to performance of the anastomosis. The technique that we developed and describe herein does not require manual orientation during anastomosis. Improper bowel alignment with kinking and twisting is thereby avoided. The technique appears to be useful for small- and large-bowel resections, but not for low-anterior resection. For this technique to become a reality clinically, longer endoscopic staplers with taller staple height will be required.
Machine Learning Techniques as a Helpful Tool Toward Determination of Plaque Vulnerability (2012)

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease results in millions of sudden deaths annually, and coronary artery disease accounts for the majority of this toll. Plaque rupture plays main role in the majority of acute coronary syndromes. Rupture has been usually associated with stress concentrations, which are determined mainly by tissue properties and plaque geometry. The aim of this study is develop a tool, using machine learning techniques to assist the clinical professionals on decisions of the vulnerability of the atheroma plaque. In practice, the main drawbacks of 3-D finite element analysis to predict the vulnerability risk are the huge main memories required and the long computation times. Therefore, it is essential to use these methods which are faster and more efficient. This paper discusses two potential applications of computational technologies, artificial neural networks and support vector machines, used to assess the role of maximum principal stress in a coronary vessel with atheroma plaque as a function of the main geometrical features in order to quantify the vulnerability risk.
The effects of tea pigments on expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase from cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (2000)

The endothelial cells were exposed to different doses of tea pigments and incubated at 37deg C for 24 hours. The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase was detected by using western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that tea pigments could stimulate expression of eNOS in the mRNA and protein level with significant dose-effect relationship (P<0.05).
Rheology and morphology of polymer blends in melt and solid state (1990)

Abstract The rheological properties of polymer mixture melts containing polysulfone and LC‐polyester have been investigated in this work in terms of the morphology and physical‐mechanical characteristics of extrudates. The perculiarities of rheological behaviour are accounted for by morphology of stream which is maintained also in solid extrudates. The reinforcement of an isotropic mixture by LC‐polymers as well as formation of an anisotropic surface layer lead to a specific change in the strength properties of compositions. An increase in strength and initial modulus was observed for blends containing not more than 10% LC‐polymer.
Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Widely Applicable Aerobic 1,2‐Diol Oxidative Cleavage (2018)

The oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols is a fundamental organic transformation. The stoichiometric oxidants that are still predominantly used for such oxidative cleavage, such as H<sub>5</sub> IO<sub>6</sub> , Pb(OAc)<sub>4</sub> , and KMnO<sub>4</sub> , generate stoichiometric hazardous waste. Herein, we describe a widely applicable and highly selective silver(I)-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols that consumes atmospheric oxygen as the sole oxidant, thus serving as a potentially greener alternative to the classical transformations.
Investigation of the CARS Spectrum of Carbon Monoxide at High Pressure and Temperature (1984)

Abstract : Spectroscopic investigations were conducted into the coherent anti- Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) spectrum of CO. CARS is a remote laser diagnostic technique for temperature and species measurements in hostile combustion environments. As such it possesses considerable relevance to the Air Force in the general areas of ballistics and propulsion. This final report describes the results of investigations conducted into the effects of high pressure, specifically the phenomenon of collisional narrowing, on CARS spectra from which temperature and density information derive. Experimental studies of CARS spectra were conducted in carbon monoxide in a heated, high pressure cell over the range 300K-1500K, 1-100 atm. The spectra were used to evaluate the UTRC CARS computer code supplied to RPL for the calculation of CO CARS frequency distributions.
Analysis of Factors Predictive of Success or Complications in Arteriovenous Malformation Radiosurgery (2003)

None of the analyzed factors was predictive of hemorrhage after radiosurgery in this study. The 12-Gy volume was predictive of permanent radiation-induced complications. Eloquent AVM location and 12-Gy volume were correlated with the occurrence of transient radiation-induced complications. Better conformality was correlated with a reduced incidence of transient complications. Lower Spetzler-Martin grades, higher doses, and steeper dose gradients were correlated with radiological success.