gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exact BER Performance of Asynchronous MC-DS-CDMA over Nakagami-m Fading Channels (2008)

In this contribution an accurate average bit error rate (BER) formula is derived for Nakagami-faded MC-DS-CDMA in the context of asynchronous transmissions and random spreading sequences. Our analysis is based on the Characteristic Function (CF) and does not rely on any assumption concerning the statistical behavior of the interference. We develop a new closed-form expression for the conditional CF of the inter-carrier interference and provide a procedure for calculating the exact BER expressed in the form of a single numerical integration. The accuracy of the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) technique is also evaluated. Link-level results confirm the accuracy of the SGA for most practical conditions.
Tree-structured wavelet transform signature for classification of melanoma (2002)

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the use of a wavelet transform based tree structure in classifying skin lesion images in to melanoma and dysplastic nevus based on the spatial/frequency information. The classification is done using the wavelet transform tree structure analysis. Development of the tree structure in the proposed method uses energy ratio thresholds obtained from a statistical analysis of the coefficients in the wavelet domain. The method is used to obtain a tree structure signature of melanoma and dysplastic nevus, which is then used to classify the data set in to the two classes. Images are classified by using a semantic comparison of the wavelet transform tree structure signatures. Results show that the proposed method is effective and simple for classification based on spatial/frequency information, which also includes the textural information.
Biosynthesis of Lipstatin. Incorporation of Multiply Deuterium-Labeled (5Z,8Z)-Tetradeca-5,8-dienoic Acid and Octanoic Acid (2001)

Fermentation experiments with Streptomyces toxytricini were performed using (5Z,8Z)-[10,11,12,12-(2)H]tetradeca-5,8-dienoic acid or a mixture of [2,2-(2)H(2)]- and [8,8,8-(2)H(3)]octanoic acid as supplements. (2)H NMR and mass spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of (5Z,8Z)-[10,11,12,12-(2)H]tetradeca-5,8-dienoic acid into the C(13) side chain as well as into the C(6) side chain of lipstatin. Moreover, deuterium was incorporated into the C(6) side chain of lipstatin from the 8-position but not from the 2-position of octanoate. The data establish that the beta-lactone moiety of lipstatin is formed by condensation of a C(8) and a C(14) fatty acid with a concomitant exchange of the H-2 atoms of the C(8) fatty acid.
Wearable human lower limb prototype exoskeleton: An operative approach (2014)

This paper presents a functional wearable prototype exoskeleton with partial automation of a human lower limb exoskeleton for torque estimation and position control of the three main joints: hip, knee and ankle. To obtain information of the angular position in which each limb is placed, several Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors allow accurate data due to the use of a sensor fusion algorithm. An arrange of programmable microcontrollers and DC motors are used in the experimental prototype to generate the reference signals and control the angular position of each joint. In particular, a Network Control System (NCS) is developed and implemented as a dedicated Network using a Controller Area Network (CAN) physical Layer according to the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model. Electronic interface modules were designed and implemented as well, in order to enable the Network Control System to transmit data. In this work, we used one degree of freedom for hip and ankle joints to simplify and mimic the pace when walking straight forward. PID controllers were tuned up for hip, knee and ankle movements, i.e., flexion and extension for hip and knee joints, dorsiflexion and plantarflexion for ankle joint. Experimental results showed good tracking and regulation behavior and good fidelity measure was obtained.
Modelled impacts of mitigation measures on greenhouse gas emissions from Finnish agriculture up to 2020 (2009)

Emission scenarios based on integrated quantitative modelling are a valuable tool in planning strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation. By estimating the potential of individual mitigation measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, resources can be targeted to the most promising policy measures. This paper reports two agricultural emission scenarios for Finland up to year 2020, one baseline scenario (Scenario 1) based on the projected agricultural production levels determined by markets and agricultural policy and one with selected mitigation measures included (Scenario 2). Measures selected for the analysis consisted of 1) keeping agricultural area at the current level, 2) decreasing the proportion of organic soils, 3) increasing the proportion of grass cultivation on organic soils and 4) supporting biogas production on farms. Starting from 2005, the emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from agriculture would decrease 2.3% in Scenario 1 by 2020 whereas the respective decrease would be 11.5% in Scenario 2. According to the results, mitigation measures targeted to cultivation of organic soils have the largest potential to reduce the emissions. Such measures would include reducing the area of cultivated organic soils and increasing the proportion of perennial crops on the remaining area.
Coupling between tilted Gaussian beam and graded‐index multi‐mode fibre (1993)

Abstract This paper is a comment on the paper presented by Shimazu and Kikuchi, 11 ‘A time and wavelength division fiber loop distribution system with acousto‐optic tunable filters’. Specifically, a number of assumptions made in their paper regarding channel loss and crosstalk make it difficult to apply to real‐world system evaluations.
Structure and evolution of biological networks: a systems biology approach to understanding protein function (2010)

In this dissertation I present three significant advances in the theory and practice of systems biology research. The research presented touches upon diverse topics spanning the field, including models for biological network inference, methods for estimating the statistical significance of the results generated by these models, and computational analysis of protein network motif conservation. We conclude by presenting a novel algorithm that integrates heterogeneous genomic data sets to identify key functional regulators of human disease. 
First, we implement a robust, efficient and flexible web application (BNET) for the evaluation of computationally and experimentally inferred biological networks. The tool makes use of a powerful statistical network evaluation model and has applications across a broad spectrum of both computational and experimental systems biology research. BNET compares predicted network models against large-scale experimental data mined from public databases, and quantifies the level of evidentiary support for the proposed network in a statistically defensible manner. Applications include rapid evaluation of competing network inference algorithms, consistency and repeatability testing for experimental methods in systems biology, and the assessment of novel coverage achieved by newly developed experimental techniques. 
Next, we present a computational evolutionary analysis of protein networks in four species. Our analysis sheds new light on some of the principal assumptions underlying biomedical research in model organisms and leads to the development of an evolutionary model of conservation in protein networks that is consistent with the available network data. Our model additionally supports robust annotation transfer of protein sub-network data from model organisms to human, drastically improving data coverage in the human protein network. 
Finally, we develop a novel algorithm for identifying key proteins involved in regulating human disease. This algorithm uses only protein subnetwork information and is therefore able to exploit high-coverage protein networks inferred under our previously described model of sub-network conservation. Case studies on genome-wide diabetes and cancer profile data sets reveal that the algorithm identifies known key regulators of both cancer progression and diabetes. 
Taken together, our results represent significant advancements towards the fundamental promise of systems biology: that the development of comprehensive, detailed and robust quantitative network models can drive creation of the biological knowledge necessary to both understand and treat the most intrusive and most costly human diseases.
Scaling models for microfabricated in vivo neural recording technologies (2017)

Microfabrication technology can enable extracellular neural recording electrodes with unprecedented wiring density, and the ability to benefit from continued CMOS technology scaling. A neural recording electrode consists of recording sites that sense electrical activity inside the brain, and wiring that routes these signals to neural amplifiers outside the brain. We here introduce a scalable circuit model for recording sites and signal routing, valid for different amplifier integration approaches. We define noise and cross-talk requirements, and analyze how future CMOS technology scaling will drive the ability to record from increasingly large number of sites in the mammalian brain. This analysis provides an important step in understanding how advances of MEMS and CMOS fabrication can be utilized in large-scale recording efforts of many thousands to possibly millions of neurons.
Chapter 7: Robust coarse spaces via generalized eigenproblems: The GenEO method (2015)

We have already analyzed in Chapter 5 two-level additive Schwarz methods for a Poisson problem with a coarse space motivated by heuristic ideas. The condition number estimates were based on a tool specific to domain decomposition methods and multigrid methods, namely the notion of stable decomposition (Definition 5.10), as well as on functional analysis results such as Poincaré inequalities or trace theorems and on a numerical analysis interpolation inequality (5.8). In this chapter, we present the GenEO (Generalized Eigenvalue in the Overlap) method to build coarse spaces for which any targeted convergence rate can be achieved. The construction is as algebraic as possible. We shall make heavy use of a generalization of the stable decomposition notion, namely the fictitious space lemma, see section 7.2.1. This abstract result is based on writing domain decomposition methods as a product of three linear operators.
An 81 base-pair deletion in SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a identified from sentinel surveillance in Arizona (Jan-Mar 2020) (2020)

On January 26 2020, the first Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) case was reported in Arizona of an individual with travel history (3 rd case in the US) (1). Here, we report on early SARS-CoV-2 sentinel surveillance in Tempe, Arizona (USA). Genomic characterization identified an isolate encoding a 27 amino acid in-frame deletion in accessory protein ORF7a, the ortholog of SARS-CoV immune antagonist ORF7a/X4.
<em>Botryococcus braunii</em> as a bioreactor for the production of nanoparticles with antimicrobial potentialities (2018)

Our findings showed that <i>B. braunii</i> is capable of generating AgNPs with antimicrobial potential.
Effects of Using Mixed Reality With Coaching on the Interprofessional Communication Skills of Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Students (2021)

Purpose Communication between allied health professionals, teachers, and family members is a critical skill when addressing and providing for the individual needs of patients. Graduate students in speech-language pathology programs often have limited opportunities to practice these skills prior to or during externship placements. The purpose of this study was to research a mixed reality simulator as a viable option for speech-language pathology graduate students to practice interprofessional communication (IPC) skills delivering diagnostic information to different stakeholders compared to traditional role-play scenarios. Method Eighty graduate students ( N = 80) completing their third semester in one speech-language pathology program were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: mixed-reality simulation with and without coaching or role play with and without coaching. Data were collected on students' self-efficacy, IPC skills pre- and postintervention, and perceptions of the intervention. Results The students in the two coaching groups scored significantly higher than the students in the noncoaching groups on observed IPC skills. There were no significant differences in students' self-efficacy. Students' responses on social validity measures showed both interventions, including coaching, were acceptable and feasible. Conclusions Findings indicated that coaching paired with either mixed-reality simulation or role play are viable methods to target improvement of IPC skills for graduate students in speech-language pathology. These findings are particularly relevant given the recent approval for students to obtain clinical hours in simulated environments.
Production of Biodiesel from Lipid of Porphyridium cruentum through Ultrasonic Method (2014)

A research on production of biodiesel from lipid of phytoplankton Porphyridium cruentum through ultrasonic method has been done. In this research, we carried out a series of phytoplankton cultures to determine the optimum time of growth and biodiesel synthesis process from phytoplankton lipids. Process of biodiesel synthesis consists of two steps, that is, isolation of phytoplankton lipids and biodiesel synthesis from those lipids. Oil isolation process was carried out by ultrasonic extraction method using ethanol 96%, while biodiesel synthesis was carried out by transesterification reaction using methanol and KOH catalyst under sonication. Weight of biodiesel yield per biomass Porphyridium cruentum is 40,27%. Characterization of biodiesel was well carried out in terms of physical properties which are density and viscosity and chemical properties which are FFA content, saponification value, and iodine value. These values meet the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751) standard levels, except for the density value which was 0.9461 g·cm −3 and the FFA content which was 4.6671%.
Simulation of coherent Doppler LIDAR signals and their analysis with the Cohen's class : application to algorithms design for wake vortex detection and characterization (2010)

The problem of wind statistics measurements in the planetary boundary layer using a coherent Doppler LIDAR is addressed. More specifically, it focuses on the design of efficient algorithms in the time-frequency space dedicated to the detection and the characterization of atmospheric hazards, such as aircraft wake vortices or wind shears.\nTo support this study, a simulation program has been developed which combines the numerical simulation of LASER beam propagation in a turbulent medium with state-of-the-art Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of wake vortex in atmospheric turbulence or in ground effect. This tool constitutes a complete framework for optimizing the LASER source while developing and evaluating the performance of the whole estimation process.\nMoreover, an analytical formulation of the coherent LIDAR Wigner-Ville spectrum has been derived along with its associated Cohenâs class of time-frequency estimators. This theoretical basis leads to explicit equations of the wind statistics that are actually retrievable, depending on the measurement conditions and the laser pulse parameters. It also yields to an adaptive spectral modeling algorithm which is used to detect the wake vortices and then estimate their wind speed probability density function as well as their extremum radial velocity profiles, related to the vortex maximum tangential velocity.\nAnother major achievement of this thesis is the development and the validation of a fast inversion method dedicated to wake vortex characterization, e.g. the estimation of its position and intensity. In this method, a Burnham-Hallock model, transformed by a new measurement model integrating the effects of the estimation process, is directly matched to the retrieved radial velocity map. Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out on both analytical models and LES to confirm its good performance.\nFinally, the validation of the axial detection of vortices with a fiber-based LIDAR has been performed during a test campaign conducted by ONERA at Orly airport in April 2008 during the FIDELIO project. Wake vortex signatures have been successfully obtained with some of the algorithms developed in this thesis.
The Effectiveness of the Basel Accords : Evidence from European Banks (2019)

Purpose:The purpose is to investigate the adequacy of the Basel Accords to fulfill the underlying ideas of reducing risk and stabilizing the financial sector, or if it allows banks to use regulatory arbitrage to maintain a desired productive efficiency- and risk level. Methodology:A two-step analysis is constructed where each bank’s efficiency is first estimated, followed by a panel data regression on the efficiency-score and on a proxy for bank risk. Conclusion:We found evidence supporting that the third Basel Accord have been more effective, by a reduced risk as a consequence of both an increased capital adequacy ratio and the implementation. However, we cannot confirm that the capital requirements inhibit bank efficiency, but there is evidence of an impaired efficiency since the implementation of the third accord, suggesting that the supervision, for instance, has a weakening effect on efficiency. Moreover, there are also implication of the strengthened capital requirements, in terms of quantity and quality of capital, more efficiently fulfilling the accords purpose of reducing risk.
Feasibility study of a low-cost feedback damping scheme for a micromachined capacitive microphone (2010)

This paper reviews the need for feedback to damp the resonance of a low-noise capacitive microphone, evaluates alternative feedback structures with different measurement mechanisms for their control effectiveness, and finally investigates the feasibility of a low-cost mechanism that uses the voltage across the capacitive sensor as the feedback variable. This capacitive sensing mechanism leads to a stiff system with weak controllability, indicated by the Hankel singular values of the small-signal microphone model. The outcome of an initial attempt in linear controller design for small signal operation is presented. The linear controller is verified through simulations in closed-loop with a nonlinear microphone model. The design is shown to have eliminated the resonant peak and extended the microphone's bandwidth. A second degree of freedom is introduced to robustify the achieved nominal performance level in the presence of uncertainties attributed to the micro-fabrication variability of the microphones.
Clonal diversity of the taxon Porphyromonas gingivalis assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting (1995)

A total of 97 strains of the periopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis were collected. This collection included laboratory strains and clinical isolates of human origin with diverse clinical and geographical origins. Biological diversity was further increased by including 32 strains isolated from the oral cavities of nine different animal species. Genomic fingerprints of the 129 strains were generated as random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) by the technique of PCR amplification with a single primer of arbitrary sequence. Four nonameric oligonucleotides were used as single primers, and the banding patterns of the DNA products separated on agarose gels were compared after ethidium ethidium bromide staining. Distance coeffients based on the positions of the major DNA fragments were calculated, and dendrograms were generated. We identified 102 clonal types (CTs) that could be assembled into three main groups by cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method with mathematic averages. Group I (n = 79 CTs) included all 97 human strains and 6 monkey isolates. The strains in group II (n = 22 CTs) and III (n = 1 CT) were strongly differentiated from those in group I and included only strains of animal origin; they likely represent two cryptic species within the present P. gingivalis taxon. We observed that strains from Old World monkeys clustered together with the human genotype, whereas strains from New World monkeys clustered with the animal genotype. Our results with human strains also indicated that (i) the population structure is basically clonal, (ii) no dominant or widespread CT could be observed, and (iii) no relationship could be established between specific clusters of CTs and the periodontal status of the host. Our results corroborate previous findings by B. G. Loos, D. W. Dyer, T. S. Whittam, and R. K. Selander (Infect. Immun. 61:204-212, 1993) and suggest that P. gingivalis should be considered a commensal of the oral cavity acting as an opportunistic pathogen. Our results are not consistent with the hypothesis that only a few virulent clones of P. gingivalis are associated with disease.
Regional challenges: evaluation of a hepatitis outreach programme using transient elastography (FibroScan) in Victoria (2015)

A TE-based outreach programme allows for assessment of liver fibrosis in varied and regional populations. The finding that patients in regional settings and PWUD presented with more advanced fibrosis should prompt improvements in healthcare to improve access for these populations.
Clinical Evidence of Disease Anticipation in Families Segregating a C9orf72 Repeat Expansion (2017)

The clinical data provide supportive evidence for the occurrence of disease anticipation in families carrying a C9orf72 repeat expansion by means of a decrease in age at onset across successive generations. This finding may help clinicians decide from which age onward it may be relevant to clinically follow presymptomatic individuals who carry a C9orf72 repeat expansion.
Mechanical Power in children and adults with and without ARDS (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> Mechanical power (MP) unifies ventilator causes of lung injury during mechanical ventilation [1]; it has been analyzed in adults, not jet in children. <b>Aims and objectives:</b> We investigated MP and its components, in adults and children with and without ARDS (controls). <b>Methods:</b> Flow and airway pressure (Paw) were recorded during mechanical ventilation in adults (50 with ARDS, 30 controls) and children (11 with ARDS, 9 controls) at tidal volume (TV) 8 mL/kg, PEEP 5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O and respiratory rate (RR) 16±5 breaths/min. MP was computed as the area between the inspiratory limb of Paw-TV curve and the TV axis times RR; while MP's components were derived from Gattinoni's equation [1]. MP-functional residual capacity (MP/FRC) ratio was used to compare different clinical conditions and ages. <b>Results:</b> MP/FRC is significantly higher in children than adults both ARDS (32[24-45] vs 9[6-14], p=0.0002) and controls (14[10-23] vs 5[4-6], p&lt;0.0001) (Fig 1A). MP's resistive component (red areas) is significantly higher in children than adults both ARDS (p&lt;0.0001) and controls (p&lt;0.0001); while driving pressure- and PEEP-related components (green and blue area, respectively) are lower in children than adults both ARDS (p&lt;0.0001 and p&lt;0.0001) and controls (p&lt;0.0001 and p=0.0002) (Fig 1B). <b>Conclusions:</b> Children have higher MP than adults; however, it is most spent in overcoming ohmic resistances. References [1] Gattinoni L. Intensive Care Med 2016; 42:1567