gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibrosis and Subsequent Cytopenias Are Associated with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor–Deficient Pluripotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia (2013)

Cytopenias occur frequently in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Felty's syndrome, and large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia, but the bone marrow microenvironment has not been systematically studied. In LGL leukemia (n = 24), retrospective analysis of bone marrow (BM) histopathology revealed severe fibrosis in 15 of 24 patients (63%) in association with the presence of cytopenias, occurrence of autoimmune diseases, and splenomegaly, but was undetectable in control cases with B cell malignancies (n = 11). Fibrosis severity correlated with T cell LGL cell numbers in the BM, but not in the periphery, suggesting deregulation is limited to the BM microenvironment. To identify fibrosis-initiating populations, primary mesenchymal stromal cultures (MSCs) from patients were characterized and found to display proliferation kinetics and overabundant collagen deposition, but displayed normal telomere lengths and osteoblastogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potentials. To determine the effect of fibrosis on healthy hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), bioartificial matrixes from rat tail or purified human collagen were found to suppress HPC differentiation and proliferation. The ability of patient MSCs to support healthy HSC proliferation was significantly impaired, but could be rescued with collagenase pretreatment. Clustering analysis confirmed the undifferentiated state of patient MSCs, and pathway analysis revealed an inverse relationship between cell division and profibrotic ontologies associated with reduced basic fibroblast growth factor production, which was confirmed by ELISA. Reconstitution with exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor normalized patient MSC proliferation, collagen deposition, and HPC supportive function, suggesting LGL BM infiltration and secondary accumulation of MSC-derived collagen is responsible for hematopoietic failure in autoimmune-associated cytopenias in LGL leukemia.
Spatial and temporal risk as drivers for adoption of foot and mouth disease vaccination (2018)

Identifying the drivers of vaccine adoption decisions under varying levels of perceived disease risk and benefit provides insight into what can limit or enhance vaccination uptake. To address the relationship of perceived benefit relative to temporal and spatial risk, we surveyed 432 pastoralist households in northern Tanzania on vaccination for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Unlike human health vaccination decisions where beliefs regarding adverse, personal health effects factor heavily into perceived risk, decisions for animal vaccination focus disproportionately on dynamic risks to animal productivity. We extended a commonly used stated preference survey methodology, willingness to pay, to elicit responses for a routine vaccination strategy applied biannually and an emergency strategy applied in reaction to spatially variable, hypothetical outbreaks. Our results show that households place a higher value on vaccination as perceived risk and household capacity to cope with resource constraints increase, but that the episodic and unpredictable spatial and temporal spread of FMD contributes to increased levels of uncertainty regarding the benefit of vaccination. In addition, concerns regarding the performance of the vaccine underlie decisions for both routine and emergency vaccination, indicating a need for within community messaging and documentation of the household and population level benefits of FMD vaccination.
Navigation In a Virtual Environment using Multi-class Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface (2013)

Virtual Reality is a useful platform for BrainComputer Interface (BCI) users as it offers a relatively safe and cost-effective way for BCI users to train and familiarize themselves with using BCI in a virtual environment before using it in a real-world scenario. Hence this paper presents a pilot study of a virtual navigation task, where control signals from a synchronous multi-class motor imagery-based BCI (MI-BCI) is used by the subject to perform a navigation task in a 3D virtual environment, from a first-person perspective displayed on the computer screen. Preliminary results on one healthy subject showed that the MI-BCI was able to distinguish between 4 classes of motor imagery with an accuracy of about 67.5%, and the subject was able to navigate through the virtual environment in 87 trials in contrast to a theoretical minimum of 74 trials. Results from this study provide motivation to further investigate the potential of the MI-BCI in a larger-scale study, with the possibility of future clinical applications such as a training tool for users in BCI-based rehabilitation and other assistive technologies such as neural prosthetics or brain-controlled wheelchairs. Keywords—Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern; Motor Imagery; Virtual Navigation; Feedback
Monitoring Glutathione Dynamics and Heterogeneity in Living Stem Cells (2019)

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in cells, and plays vital roles in the cellular defense against oxidants and in the regulation of redox signals. In a previous report, we demonstrated that stem cell function is critically affected by heterogeneity and dynamic changes in cellular GSH concentration. Here, we present a detailed protocol for the monitoring of GSH concentration in living stem cells using FreSHtracer, a real-time GSH probe. We describe the steps involved in monitoring GSH concentration in single living stem cells using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. These methods are simple, rapid, and quantitative, and able to demonstrate intracellular GSH concentration changes in real time. We also describe the application of FreSHtracer to the sorting of stem cells according to their GSH content using flow cytometry. Typically, microscopic or flow cytometric analyses of FreSHtracer and MitoFreSHtracer signals in living stem cells take ~2~3 h, and the fractionation of stem cells into subpopulations on the basis of cellular GSH levels takes 3~4.5 h. This method could be applied to almost every kind of mammalian cell with minor modifications to the protocol described here.
Direct Fabrication of a-Si:H Thin Film Transistor Arrays on Plastic and Metal Foils for Flexible Displays (2008)

Abstract : In this paper we describe solutions to address critical challenges in direct fabrication of amorphous silicon thin film transistor (TFTs) arrays for high information content active matrix flexible displays for Army applications. For all flexible substrates a manufacturable handling protocol in automated display-scale equipment is required. For metal foil substrates the principal challenges are planarization and electrical isolation, and management of coefficient of thermal expansion induced stress (CTE mismatch) during TFT fabrication. For plastic substrates the principal challenge is dimensional instability management.
The hydride stretching modes of hydrogenated vacancies in amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon: A helpful tool for material characterization (2009)

A model is proposed to assign the hydrogen complexes in amorphous and nano/microcrystalline silicon to the hydride stretching modes in infrared spectra. We demonstrate that this analysis approach is a helpful tool to characterize the material properties of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon.
Gelatinase and Collagenase Production by certain Species of Bacillus (1953)

SUMMARY: Fifty-three strains from six species of the genus Bacillus were tested for their ability to produce gelatinase and to disintegrate the collagen matrix of bone. Some strains of B. cereus and B. anthracis produced a true collagenase which brought about complete disintegration of the collagen substrate, while strains of B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. brevis and B. megaterium were either completely inactive or produced only partial disintegration. Collagenase production was always accompanied by gelatinase production but the reverse was not the case. Concentrated culture filtrates of B. cereus were shown to contain collagenase and gelatinase whereas those of B. subtilis contained contained gelatinase only.
Investigations on the crystallization of larger NaA and NaX zeolite crystals in the presence of triethanolamine (I). The influence of Na2O and SiO2 content (1978)

Abstract Sodium silicate‐aluminate aqueous systems with various contents of Na 2 O and SiO 2 containing triethanolamine were crystallized. Optimum Na 2 O and SiO 2 contents have been observed to give NaA and NaX zeolite crystals with dimensions up to 80 μm. For NaA crystals the values are: ∼ 3.5 mass% Na 2 O, ∼ 1.65 mass% SiO 2 ; for NaX crystals ∼ 2.5 mass% Na 2 O, ∼ 1.5 mass% SiO 2 . – The effect of other additives on crystal size is proved. – The results are discussed in terms of nucleation and growth, reaction rate, and supersaturation. Supposition are made to gain larger crystals by maintaining the excess of solute over a longer period of time.
Development and evaluation of a real time SAR ATR system (2002)

This paper describes the development, testing, and subsequent flight demonstration of a real-time automatic target detection and cueing (ATD/C) system implemented in a single R5000-based Silicon Graphics/sup TM/ IRIX workstation coupled to a modified ultra-high resolution SAR version of the AN/APG-76 multi-mode strike fighter radar system with a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) signal processor. The ATD/C system, operating at an input pixel rate in excess of 250,000 picture elements per second, was able to correctly detect and classify several types of armored military vehicles located among natural and cultural clutter that included other non-target vehicles. Measured false alarm rates were consistent with expectations and detection rates were deemed adequate to reliably detect and recognize typical tactical vehicle deployments. The program clearly demonstrated the feasibility of a fighter-cockpit-based ATR system.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotypes in Dogs in Bogota, Colombia (2008)

Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in dogs in Bogota, Colombia for the first time. Of 120 dogs, 15% were positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Infected dogs ranged from 2 to 14 years of age, and more male than female dogs were infected with E. bieneusi (20% versus 5%). All PCR-positive specimens were sequenced and three genotypes were identified. A dog-specific genotype (PtEbIX) was identified in feces from 16 dogs. For two dogs, the nucleotide sequences obtained were genetically identical to the E. bieneusi Peru 5 and K genotypes previously reported as human pathogens. This is the first time that Peru 5 and K genotypes have been identified in dogs. This study confirms that dogs are infected with both human pathogenic and host-specific genotypes.
Understanding capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection systems (2023)

Recently, there has been a significant increase in interest towardnon-invasive measurement techniques in experimental sciences and industrial processes. Contactless detection techniques solve major issues across a wide variety of scientific fields. Among many non-contact measurement techniques, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity (C4D) specifically has been utilized most often in regard to conventional electrophoresis ion separation techniques as well as for microfluidic electrophoresis.
Complete Genome Sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates Subjected to 200 Continuous Passages (2020)

We report 6 draft genome sequences corresponding to <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> H37Rv and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> DR689, a Beijing isolate, plus their counterparts subjected to 200 continuous passages in Middlebrook 7H9 broth, either alone or with ox bile.
Applied molecular evolution of O 6 -benzylguanine-resistant DNA alkyltransferases in human hematopoietic cells (2001)

Applied molecular evolution is a rapidly developing technology that can be used to create and identify novel enzymes that nature has not selected. An important application of this technology is the creation of highly drug-resistant enzymes for cancer gene therapy. Seventeen O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) mutants highly resistant to O(6)-benzylguanine (BG) were identified previously by screening 8 million variants, using genetic complementation in Escherichia coli. To examine the potential of these mutants for use in humans, the sublibrary of AGT clones was introduced to human hematopoietic cells and stringently selected for resistance to killing by the combination of BG and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. This competitive analysis between the mutants in human cells revealed three AGT mutants that conferred remarkable resistance to the combination of BG and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Of these, one was recovered significantly more frequently than the others. Upon further analysis, this mutant displayed a level of BG resistance in human hematopoietic cells greater than that of any previously reported mutant.
Initial specifications for nuclear waste package external dimensions and materials (1983)

Initial specifications of external dimensions and materials for waste package conceptual designs are given for Defense High Level Waste (DHLW), Commercial High Level Waste (CHLW) and Spent Fuel (SF). The designs have been developed for use in a high-level waste repository sited in a tuff media in the unsaturated zone. Drawings for reference and alternative package conceptual designs are presented for each waste form for both vertical and horizontal emplacement configurations. Four metal alloys: 304L SS, 321 SS, 316L SS and Incoloy 825 are considered for the canister or overpack; 1020 carbon steel was selected for horizontal borehole liners, and a preliminary packing material selection is either compressed tuff or compressed tuff containing iron bearing smectite clay as a binder.
Perspectives 2007-2008. Royaume-Uni : de B à B... (2007)

La croissance du PIB britannique s'est établie à 2,8 % en 2006 et à 3 % en glissement sur un an au quatrième trimestre. Ceci porte à 58 le nombre de trimestres de croissance ininterrompue, un record pour une économie auparavant cyclique. L'inflation, restée très modérée au cours de ce long cycle de croissance, a cependant accéléré au cours des derniers mois de 2006 et a atteint en décembre la fourchette haute de la cible de la politique monétaire, soit 3 % pour l'indice des prix à la consommation harmonisé (IPCH). Ceci a conduit la Banque d'Angleterre à relever son taux directeur à 5,25 % en janvier (...).
Further Data are Required to Assure that the Discrepant Binding Affinity is Explained by Different Receptor Conformations (2000)

We appreciate the proposed explanation offered by Hoare and Usdin for the observed discrepancy between the receptor binding affinities and the biological potencies of human PTH(1–34) and RS-66271 as described in our recent report.1 The concept that different PTH/PTHrP receptor conformations, resulting from receptor-G-protein interactions, may bind PTH analogs with different affinities is intriguing. However, the binding data for human PTH(1–34) and RS-66271, as presented in the letter, is difficult to interpret because these are composites from two different experiments. It would be useful to know how the binding affinities were determined because the differences in affinity are not readily apparent in Fig. 1. If these results can be verified, it is an interesting interpretation. We look forward to reviewing more detailed data from Hoare and Usdin, substantiating their hypothesis in the article in press.2
Characterization of a severely degraded silicone elastomer HV insulator - an aid to development of lifetime assessment techniques (2005)

A high voltage composite insulator showed severe degradation and failure of the silicone elastomer sheds following service in a substation environment. Sensitive analytical techniques were used to investigate the extent of degradation of the silicone elastomer (SiE). The polymer content of some surface regions decreased as degradation increased. This was quantified through observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), weight loss upon heating using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), determination of surface "silica" levels in damaged areas by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman mapping through a cross-section of the elastomer producing a degradation depth profile. It is believed that due to the environmental conditions at the site of installation, the electric field may have reached corona onset threshold on parts of the elastomer surface. Because of the moist conditions the corona was maintained, effectively preventing the elastomer from regaining hydrophobicity and leading in time to severe degradation. This investigation has also identified techniques applicable to the assessment of condition of other, less damaged SiE insulators which may in turn lead to the prediction of the remaining useful lifetime.
Wavelet-based multiple description coding of images with iterative convex optimization techniques (2005)

We consider the problem of image transmission on error-prone networks with little or no error protection. To this end, we build a multiple description scheme based on classical biorthogonal filter banks, that achieves good reconstruction even at low bitrates. The novelty of the proposed approach mainly consists in building a 2D wavelet frame representation with low redundancy. Another contribution of this work is the use of a convex optimization approach at the decoder end in order to best take advantage of all the received information. The quantization constraints define convex sets, which allow us to apply fast iterative projection techniques to find a feasible solution of the decoding problem.
An Analysis of Features of Pathogenesis in Two Animal Models of Ebola Virus Infection (1999)

Virus reproduction and the time course of changes in liver and kidney functions and in the blood clotting system were studied in the visceral organs of green monkeys and baboons infected with Ebola virus (subtype Zaire). It was shown that monocytes and macrophages were the first cells to be infected with the virus, followed by hepatocytes, adrenocorticocytes, fibroblasts, and endotheliocytes. The early and late pathologic changes in the monkey organs are described. Biochemical data on changes in blood clotting and liver and kidney functions in the course of the infection are presented. The responses of blood clotting and vascular permeability were species specific: Fibrin deposited in blood vessels in green monkeys, while hemorrhages developed in baboons. The results show that species-specific features of monkeys must be taken into account when choosing an experimental model for studying Ebola virus infection.
Multi-Frequency Synthetic Thinned Array Antenna for the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (2010)

A C-band four-frequency resonant stacked-patch array antenna is developed for synthetic thinned aperture radiometer measurements of hurricane force wind speeds. This antenna is being integrated into an aircraft instrument referred to as the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD). Details of the antenna design are presented along with antenna performance tests and laboratory measurements using a full-scale prototype array with a subset model of the HIRAD instrument.
Guest Editorial (1982)

Adult Psychiatry Branch Division of Special Mental Health Intramural Research Program National Institute of Mental Health Saint Elizabeths Hospital Washington, DC Psychiatric Research Laboratories Mailman Research Center McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts
Buried in water, burdened by nature – Resilience carried the Iron Age people through Fimbulvinter (2022)

Levänluhta is a unique archaeological site with the remains of nearly a hundred Iron Age individuals found from a water burial in Ostrobothnia, Finland. The strongest climatic downturn of the Common Era, resembling the great Fimbulvinter in Norse mythology, hit these people during the 6th century AD. This study establishes chronological, dietary, and livelihood synthesis on this population based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic and radiocarbon analyses on human remains, supported by multidisciplinary evidence. Extraordinarily broad stable isotopic distribution is observed, indicating three subgroups with distinct dietary habits spanning four centuries. This emphasizes the versatile livelihoods practiced at this boundary of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems. While the impact of the prolonged cold darkness of the 6th century was devastating for European communities relying on cultivation, the broad range of livelihoods provided resilience for the Levänluhta people to overcome the abrupt climatic decline.
Wavenumber Imaging For Damage Detection and Measurement (2011)

This paper presents a method for analyzing ultrasonic wavefield data using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) applied in the spatial domain. Unlike data obtained by sparse arrays of transducers, full wavefield data contains information local to the structure and can be used to obtain more detailed measurements of damage type, location, size, etc. By calculating the CWT of the wavefield in the spatial domain, the wavenumber spectrum is determined for the inspected locations. Because wavenumber is affected by the local geometry and material properties of the structure through which Lamb waves propagate, the wavenumber spectrum can be analyzed to assess the location, severity, and size of damage. The technique is first applied to experimental wavefield data obtained using a laser Doppler vibrometer and automated positioning stage. The out-of-plane velocity along the length of a composite stringer was measured to detect the presence of delaminations within the composite overwrap. Next, simulated corrosion is detected and measured within an aluminum plate using the two dimensional CWT. The experimental results show the usefulness of the technique for vehicle structure inspection applications.
ChemInform Abstract: A USEFUL SYNTHON FOR SULFUR HETEROCYCLES, II. THE SYNTHESIS OF FUSED THIOPYRONES, BENZISOTHIAZOLES AND BENZOTHIOPHENES (1978)

Abstract 4,6‐Dinitroisophthalaldehyd (I) wird in den 4,6‐Bis‐(tert.‐butylthio)‐isophthalaldehyd (II) übergeführt und mit aktivierten Acetonitrilen (III) zu Divinylbenzolen (IV) kondensiert, die beim Erhitzen mit Polyphosphorsäure zu Benzo‐bis‐thiopyranen (V) cyclisieren.