gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microtechnology in modern health care. (1998)

Microsystems are set to contribute much to the medical device market. New microfabrication processes allow the mass production of microcomponents in a variety of materials. These processes are described together with examples of miniaturized medical devices and components that are now possible.
Fast-Neutron Bombardment ofNi64and the Decay ofFe61 (1967)

A 6.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06-min activity, which has been assigned to the decay of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{61}$, has been produced as the result of bombardment of nickel enriched in ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{64}$ with 15-19-MeV neutrons. The decay scheme has been studied by $\ensuremath{\beta}$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ counting techniques using plastic scintillators, NaI(Tl) crystals, and a Ge(Li) detector. Evidence was found for levels in ${\mathrm{Co}}^{61}$ at 1.028\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005, 1.206\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005, 1.327\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005, 1.650\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015, and 1.995\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.020 MeV.
Citizen Participation in the Digital Age: An Evaluation of the Potential of a Website to Encourage Community Involvement in School Board Issues (2000)

This paper examines the potential for school board websites to engage the public by promoting a greater understanding of school board issues and accepting feedback and recommendations from the local community. An analysis of school board websites in Ontario was conducted to measure the effectiveness of existing websites as a method for communication. The findings reveal that until school boards provide an incentive for citizens to visit their websites on a regular basis, they will not become a strong way to connect to the community.
XTP in VLSI protocol decomposition for ASIC implementation (2002)

The provision of VLSI support for protocols is viewed as an exercise in decomposition of protocol processing. The Xpress transfer protocol (XTP) is described as a representative protocol with some new features. A general-purpose VLSI architecture is described that supports XTP and other protocols. It is shown how the coupled protocol engine hardware and XTP protocol design achieves data rivering rates for multiple protocols at previously unachievable price performance levels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
New Unsymmetrically Substituted Benzothiadiazole-Based Luminophores: Synthesis, Optical, Electrochemical Studies, Charge Transport, and Electroluminescent Characteristics (2021)

Three new benzothiadiazole (BTD)-containing luminophores with different configurations of aryl linkers have been prepared via Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig reactions. Photophysical and electroluminescent properties of the compounds were investigated to estimate their potential for optoelectronic applications. All synthesized structures have sufficiently high quantum yields in film. The BTD with aryl bridged carbazole unit demonstrated the highest electrons and holes mobility in a series. OLED with light-emitting layer (EML) based on this compound exhibited the highest brightness, as well as current and luminous efficiency. The synthesized compounds are not only luminophores with a high photoluminescence quantum yield, but also active transport centers for charge carriers in EML of OLED devices.
Multiple-valued minimization to optimize PLAs with output EXOR gates (2003)

This paper considers an optimization method of programmable logic arrays (PLAs), which have two-input EXOR gate at the outputs. The PLA realizes an EXOR of two sum-of-products expressions (EX-SOP) for multiple-valued input two-valued output functions. We present techniques to minimize EX-SOPs, which is an extension of Dubrova-Miller-Muzio's AOXMIN algorithm. We conjecture that, when n is sufficiently large, an EX-SOP for n-bit adder requires at most 2/sup n/ products while an ordinary sum-of-products expression (SOP) requires 6/spl middot/2/sup n/-4n-5 products. Experimental results for two- and four-valued benchmark functions show that the proposed method produces better EX-SOPs than existing methods.
Rigidity Percolation and Molecular Clustering in Network Glasses (1986)

$^{129}\mathrm{I}$ M\"ossbauer spectra of $g\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ alloys display a local maximum in the site-intensity ratio $\frac{{I}_{B}}{{I}_{A}}(x)$ at the critical composition $x={x}_{c}=0.23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$. This observation is consistent with the realization of mechanical critical behavior in a covalent network glass recently predicted by Phillips and Thorpe. We identify ${x}_{c}$ with the onset of percolation of a specific molecular fragment based on the layered form of $c\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$.
Salts of the Cation [(Cp*Cr)4(μ-Cl)3(μ-CH2)3AlMe]+with the Oxo- and Methine-Based Aluminum Anions [(Me2Al)2(μ-CH)(AlCl2Me)2]-and [(Me2Al)(μ3-O)(AlCl2Me)(AlMe2Cl)]- (2003)

Reactions of (Cp*CrCl2)2 (1) and Cp*Cr(HNP-i-Pr3)Cl2 (3) with excess AlMe3 gave [(Cp*Cr)4(μ-Cl)3(μ-CH2)3AlMe][(Me2Al)(μ3-O)(AlCl2Me)(AlMe2Cl)] (2) and [(Cp*Cr)4(μ-Cl)3(μ-CH2)3AlMe][(Me2Al)2(μ-CH)(AlCl2Me)2] (4), respectively. Although the cations are the same, the former salt has a Al3O-based anion, whereas the latter contains an Al4−methine anion.
Supplementary Figures S1-5 from Alternative Splicing of the Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Receptor SLAMF6 Generates a Dominant Positive Form, Boosting T-cell Effector Functions (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-5&lt;/p&gt;
Determining the principles of human motion by combining motion analysis and motion synthesis (2009)

Synthesizing of human motion is one of the challenges in humanoid robotics research. Interested in the construction of humanoid service robots exhibiting human-like movements research is following different ways. This paper is going along with the idea of determining the principles of human motor control in order to understand the generation of human motion. A computational framework based on an efficient technique combining motion capture with multibody systems and optimal control theory for large-scale dynamic analysis and synthesis of motion is presented. Experiments were performed for human pointing gestures and the framework was validated computing the optimal trajectories of minimum hand jerk, modified minimum hand jerk, minimum angle jerk and minimum torque change.
Automatic Smoothing By Optimal Splines (2003)

We propose a method that is capable to filter out noise as well as suppress outliers of sampled real functions under fairly general conditions. From an a priori selection of the number of knots that define the adjusting spline, but not their location in that curve, the method automatically determines the adjusting cubic spline in a least-squares optimal sense. The method is fast and easily allows for selection of various possible number of knots, adding a desirable flexibility to the procedure. As an illustration, we apply the method to some typical situations found in geophysical problems.
Channel profile engineering of 0.1 μm-Si MOSFETs by through-the-gate implantation (2002)

A novel approach to the super-steep retrograde (SSR) channel profile formation for MOSFETs is suggested, with dopant implantation in the late stages of the processing, with the gate, source/drain already in place ("TGi"). Only a single damage/activation anneal and the back-end thermal budget are experienced by the implanted dopants, which results in steep profiles even when light boron ions are used. High-performance NMOS devices with excellent SCE control designed for low-voltage digital, analog and RF operation were realized using this technique. For PMOS the use of TGi is restricted by significant diffusion of source/drain extensions due to the TGi damage induced TED.
Continuous-time limit of topological quantum walks (2017)

We derive the continuous-time limit of discrete quantum walks with topological phases. We show the existence of a continuous-time limit that preserves their topological phases. We consider both simple-step and splitstep walks, and derive analytically equations of motion governing their behavior. We obtain simple analytical solutions showing the existence of bound states at the boundary of two phases, and solve the equations of motion numerically in the bulk.
Mechanistic view on domains mediating STIM1–Orai coupling (2009)

Calcium (Ca2+) entry into non-excitable cells is mainly carried by store-operated channels, which serve essential functions ranging from regulation of transcription to cell growth. The best-characterized store-operated current, initially discovered in T lymphocytes and mast cells, is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) current. The search for the molecular components of the CRAC channel has recently identified stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) as the Ca2+ sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Orai1 as the CRAC channel pore. ER store depletion results in formation of STIM1 puncta that trigger Ca2+ influx via Orai1 channels. This review covers the role of domains within STIM1 and Orai and enlightens their function in the STIM1/Orai coupling process. Moreover, a molecular interpretation focuses on interactions between cytosolic portions of STIM1 and Orai together with a mechanistic view on the loss of function of the SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)-linked Orai1 R91W mutant channel. The architecture of the selectivity filter of Orai channels is finally elucidated based on permeation properties of Orai pore mutants.
Copolymerization of ethylene and ?-olefins with combined metallocene catalysts. I. A formal criterion for molecular weight bimodality (2000)

Metallocene and other single-site catalysts can be combined to produce polyolefins with broadened distributions of molecular weight, chemical composition, and long-chain branching. These resins are finding increasing applications because of their enhanced properties compared to ones made with conventional Ziegler–Natta catalysts. Resins with bimodal molecular weight distributions (MWDs) have especially attractive mechanical and rheological properties. Although the use of these resins is expected to increase, there are very few studies available to quantify MWD bimodality or to decide a priori which combinations of metallocene catalysts will lead to the formation of polyolefins with bimodal MWDs. In this article, a necessary condition for the production of polymer with bimodal MWD using two single-site-type catalysts is derived. Additionally, a bimodality index is defined to quantify MWD bimodality. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 1408–1416, 2000
Robust motion-compensated video upconversion (1997)

The quality of field-rate conversion improves significantly with motion-compensation techniques. It becomes possible to interpolate new fields at their correct temporal position. This results in smooth motion portrayal without loss of temporal resolution. However, motion vectors are not always valid for every pixel or object in an image. Therefore, visible artifacts occur wherever such wrong vectors are used on the image. One effective method to solve this problem is the use of non-linear filtering. In this method, a wrongly interpolated pixel is either substituted or averaged with neighbouring pixels. We introduce and evaluate a new and very robust upconversion algorithm which is based on the non-linear filtering approach. It is unique in that it estimates motion vector reliability and uses this information to control the filtering process. This algorithm outperforms others in its class, especially when we have complex image sequences.
Browsing 3D bookmarks in BED (1996)

In this paper BED, a prototype of a 3D bookmarks generator, is presented. This work tries to show a way of improving navigation in the Web using a cyberspatial[*] representation based on VRML. First, the general problem of creating a visual representation of abstract data is discussed and existing systems are reviewed. Then, some 3D space characteristics are explained and finally our generator is introduced and some examples shown.
Graded refractive-index SiOx infrared filters prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering (2008)

Dense, uniform SiOx (0⩽x⩽2) films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. By controlling the oxygen flow rate and/or sputtering power during deposition, the refractive index of SiOx films can be continuously tuned from 1.44 to 3.69 at λ=1550nm. The authors fabricated an 11-layer bandpass filter of SiOx∕SiO2 with high refractive-index contrast (nH∕nL=1.91 at λ=1550nm) and a 35-layer SiOx optical filter with a graded refractive-index profile. The measured reflectance and transmittance spectra correlate well with the designed spectra. This work demonstrates that SiOx material can be used to make infrared optical filters with graded refractive index and high refractive-index contrast.
Shorter Axial Length Is a Risk Factor for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Grade C in Eyes Unmodified by Surgical Invasion (2021)

A shorter AL was related to the development of PVR-C before surgical invasion. Our results will help elucidate the fundamental pathogenesis of PVR and caution clinicians to meticulously examine eyes with a shorter AL to detect retinal detachment before PVR development.
Genetic screening of children with marrow failure. The role of primary Immunodeficiencies (2021)

The differential diagnosis of marrow failure (MF) is crucial in the diagnostic work-up, since genetic forms require specific care. We retrospectively studied all patients with single/multi-lineage MF evaluated in a single-center to identify the type and incidence of underlying molecular defects. The diepoxybutane test was used to screen Fanconi Anemia. Other congenital MFs have been searched using Sanger and/or Next Generation Sequencing analysis, depending on the available tools over the years. Between 2009-2019, 97 patients (aged 0-32 years-median 5) with single-lineage (29%) or multilineage (68%) MF were evaluated. Fifty-three (54%) and 28 (29%) were diagnosed with acquired and congenital MF, respectively. The remaining 16 (17%), with trilinear (n=9) and monolinear (n=7) MF, were found to have an underlying primary immunodeficiency (PID) and showed clinical and biochemical signs of immune-dysregulation in 10/16 (62%) and in 14/16 (87%) of cases, respectively. Clinical signs were also found in 22/53 (41%) and 8/28 (28%) patients with idiopathic and classical cMF, respectively. Eight out of 16 PIDs patients were successfully transplanted, four received immunosuppression, two did not require treatment, and the remaining two died. We show that patients with single/multi-lineage MF may have underlying PIDs in a considerable number of cases and that MF may represent a relevant clinical sign in patients with PIDs, thus widening their clinical phenotype. An accurate immunological work-up should be performed in all patients with MF, and PID-related genes should be considered when screening MF in order to identify disorders that may receive targeted treatments and/or appropriate conditioning regimens before transplant.
The solubilities of significant organic compounds in HLW tanks upernate solutions - FY 1997 progress report (1997)

The solubilities of seven sodium salts of organic acids that are thought to exist in high-level waste at the Hanford Site were measured in tank supernatant simulant solutions during FY 1997. This solubility information will be used to determine if these organic salts could exist in solid phases (saltcake or sludges) in the waste where they might react violently with the nitrate or nitrite salts present in the tanks. The solubility of sodium acetate was measured in simulated waste supernate solutions at 25C, 30C, 40C, and 50C that were both unsaturated and saturated with sodium nitrate. Solubilities of sodium glycolate, citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), nitrilotriacetate (NTA), formate, and oxalate were measured in simulated waste supernate solutions that were saturated with sodium nitrate. In addition, solubilities of sodium EDTA, citrate, glycolate, and NTA were measured in a complex waste matrix. The organic compounds were selected because they are expected to exist in relatively high concentrations in the tanks. The solubilities of sodium glycolate citrate, EDTA, NTA, and formate were high over the temperature and sodium hydroxide concentration ranges expected in the tanks. The solubility of sodium oxalate in solutions saturated with sodium nitrate were quite low. The presence of additional sodium in the waste simulant solutions that were saturated with sodium nitrate slightly lowered the solubilities of each of the organic salts. Solubilities were, however, high enough to prevent solid sodium salts of all the organic acids from precipitating from tank supernate solutions, except for sodium oxalate. The total organic carbon concentrations (TOC) of actual tank supernates are generally much lower than the TOC ranges for the simulated supernate solutions saturated (at the solubility limit) with the organic salts. This is true even if all the dissolved carbon in a given tank supernate is due to only one of these soluble compounds (an unlikely situation). Solubilities of all the organic salts, except for glycolate, decrease with increasing sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate concentration because of the common ion effect of Na+. Sodium glycolate solubility increased with increasing hydroxide concentration. The complex waste solutions had sodium ion concentrations 3.4 to 7. 0 molar higher than unsaturated solutions. This caused a significant lowering of the solubilities of the organic sodium salts due to the common ion effect of sodium. Results of EDTA adsorption measurements show that EDTA or EDTA-metal complexes can be adsorbed onto hydrous metal oxides (that make up the sludge layers in the tanks) under conditions simulating the high-level waste tanks. The extent of adsorption is not large and depends on the concentration of hydroxide in the waste solutions. Higher hydroxide concentrations lower adsorption of EDTA. Adsorption also depends on the type of metal hydrous oxide present. Adsorption data for Fe(III), Cr(III), and NI(IV) hydrous oxides show that chromium(III) hydrous oxide adsorbs EDTA most effectively.
Observing Eddy Features in the Ocean Surface Wind Field by Assimilating HF Radar and Anemometer Measurements in a Wind Model (2006)

Strong evidence for 10-40 km scale eddies in the surface wind field over Monterey Bay, California has been presented by Archer, Ludwig et al. using shore and buoy anemometers and satellite images. These cyclonic eddies are frequently present in the evening and early morning and are responsible for fog in the Santa Cruz area. We have previously demonstrated the ability of multifrequency HF radar (4.8 to 21.8 MHz) to map the ocean wind field. Observations over a year time span indicate standard errors of prediction of 1.7 m/s for wind speed and 25deg for direction with biases of 0.1 m/s and 0.3deg respectively. Here we report observation of a 10-20 km cyclonic eddy at the north end Monterey Bay. By combining HF radar wind vector estimates with shore based anemometer data in the WOCSS surface wind field model we are able to form a detailed (5 km resolution) image of an eddy over Monterey Bay and to follow its development and decay. This particular eddy contrasts with previous eddy observations in terms of season and meteorological setting.
Guest Editorial - Special Section on Systems of Power Converters: Design, Modeling, Control, and Implementation (2017)

In this Special Section on Systems of Power Converters: Design, Modeling, Control, and Implementation, we have 11 high-quality papers approved for publication that cover the following three topics. 1) Converter Design and Operation. 2) Subsystem-Level Applications. 3) System-Level Applications. These topics and the corresponding papers are summarized.
T Cell Transcriptome in Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (2022)

Phenotypic variations of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) have unclear explanations. T cell lymphopenia in 22qDS related to varying degrees of thymic hypoplasia contributes to the phenotypic heterogeneity. No phenotype correlation with genotype or deletion size is known for lymphopenia. We investigated gene expression in human T cells of participants with and without 22qDS and T cells of participants with 22qDS with low or normal T cells. Peripheral blood was collected from participants aged 5-8 y. Immune function was checked. RNA sequencing was completed on isolated T cells, and differential gene expression profiles of T cells between 22qDS and healthy control subjects were established. A total of 360 genes were differentially expressed (<i>q</i> < 0.05) between T cells of patients with 22qDS (<i>n</i> = 13) and healthy control subjects (<i>n</i> = 6) (log<sub>2</sub> fold change range, -2.0747, 15.6724). We compared gene expression between participants with 22qDS with low (<i>n</i> = 7) and normal T cell counts (<i>n</i> = 6), finding 94 genes that were differentially expressed (<i>q</i> < 0.05) (log<sub>2</sub> fold change range, -4.5445, 5.1297). Twenty-nine genes correlated with T cell counts and markers CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD45RA<sup>+</sup>CD4 (<i>R</i> ≥ 0.8). We found significantly differentially expressed genes in participants with 22qDS compared with healthy control subjects and in participants with 22qDS with low T cell counts compared with those with normal T cell counts. Several enriched pathways suggest a role of T cells in defective communication between T cells and the innate immune system in 22qDS. Among these, the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor pathway was noted to show several differentially expressed genes affecting participants with 22qDS compared with healthy control subjects and more so those with low T cell counts than in those with normal T cell counts.
HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory (2020)

Our data support the presence of a mature mNKs following HBV antigen exposure either through vaccination or infection. Harnessing these antigen specific, functionally active mNKs provides an opportunity to develop novel treatments targeting HBV in chronic infection.
First Bioabsorbable Fixation System in Craniofacial Surgery on the 15th Anniversary of Its US Utility (2011)

From the *Biomet, Inc, Warsaw, Indiana; †Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and ‡Tampa Bay Craniofacial Center, Tampa, Florida. Received December 1, 2010. Accepted for publication December 3, 2010. Address correspondence and reprint requests to William S. Pietrzak, PhD, Biomet, Inc, 56 E Bell Dr, Warsaw, IN 46582; E-mail: [email protected] All trademarks herein are the property of Biomet, Inc, or its subsidiaries unless otherwise indicated. PDS® and Craniosorb® are trademarks of Johnson & Johnson Co. Poly Surgiclip® is a trademark of US Surgical Corp. FRP™ is a trademark of Macropore, Inc. Delta™ is a trademark of Stryker, Corp. CPS® is a trademark of Inion Ltd. Resorb-X™ is a trademark of KLS-Martin, LP. Biosorb™ is a trademark of Linvatec. Synthes® is a trademark of Synthes, Inc. The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Spectrally-engineered solar thermal photovoltaic devices (2023)

A solar thermal photovoltaic device, and method of forming same, includes a solar absorber and a spectrally selective emitter formed on either side of a thermally conductive substrate. The solar absorber is configured to absorb incident solar radiation. The solar absorber and the spectrally selective emitter are configured with an optimized emitter-to-absorber area ratio. The solar thermal photovoltaic device also includes a photovoltaic cell in thermal communication with the spectrally selective emitter. The spectrally selective emitter is configured to permit high emittance for energies above a bandgap of the photovoltaic cell and configured to permit low emittance for energies below the bandgap.