gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A NOVEL BIO-MIMETIC TISSUE-ENGINEERED REPLACEMENT FOR THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: IN VIVO EVALUATION (2005)

Introduction and Aims: There are more than 200,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures each year in the United States. The replacements used for ACL repair do not fully recreate the ACL’s function and histological appearance. Therefore, a novel tissue-engineered ligament was designed and evaluated after ACL reconstruction in a rabbit model. Method: Rabbits received tissue-engineered ligaments or tissue-engineered ligaments seeded with primary rabbit ACL cells. The tissue-engineered ligaments were composed of multifilament poly-L-lactide yarn (70 denier) fabricated into novel 24 yarn 3-D braids. Scaffolds were designed to be easily handled and fixed by the surgeon in ACL reconstructions using the suture over the button technique. A continuous scaffold design accommodated the flexibility of intra-articular loads and the rigours of the bone tunnels. The contralateral legs were used as controls. A key parameter for tissue ingrowth was scaffold porosity at 58 ± 9% and mode pore diameter of 183 ± 83 μm. Results: Histological evaluations showed slow collagen tissue infiltration at the surface of the replacement at the four-week time point for both the tissue-engineered ligament and cell-seeded tissue-engineered ligament. At the 12-week time point, both replacements showed collagen ingrowth and remodelling across the entire implant occurred with a thin fibrous capsule. The cell-seeded tissue-engineered ligament demonstrated greater levels of mature collagen ingrowth and healing compared to the non-cell seeded tissue-engineered ligament. The initial tensile strength properties of the scaffold were 332 ± 20 N and 354 ± 68 MPa, which compared well to the rabbit ACL control (314 ± 66 N). The tensile properties of the tissue-engineered ligament and seeded tissue-engineered ligament at four weeks were 67% and 76%, respectively of control. The tensile properties of the biodegradable implant decreased with time for the tissue-engineered and cell seeded tissue-engineered ligament and by 12 weeks was 9% and 30% respectively, as compared to the rabbit ACL control. The 30% strength retention for the tissue-engineered ligament replacements at 12 weeks was greater than reported by others using poly(lactic acid) and polypropylene ligament augmentation devices (LAD) at 12 weeks, with values of 13% and 16% of control strength retention, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the promise of a novel cell seeded tissue-engineered ligament for anterior cruciate ligament regeneration.
Prothrombin Residues 473 to 487 Contribute To Factor Va Binding in the Prothrombinase Complex. (2004)

Abstract To identify sequences in prothrombin (fII) involved in assembly of the prothrombinase complex (fXa:factor Va:fII:phospholipids), synthetic peptides based on fII sequences were prepared and screened for their ability to inhibit fXa-induced clotting of normal plasma. The fII peptide comprising residues 473–487 (designated PT473–487 that are homologous to chymotrypsin residues 149D-163) potently inhibited plasma clotting assays and prothrombinase activity with 50% inhibition observed at 12 microM and 10 microM peptide, respectively. Prothrombinase inhibition by PT473–487 was fVa-dependent and sequence-specific since the peptide did not inhibit fII activation in the absence of fVa and a scrambled sequence peptide, PT473–487SCR, was not inhibitory. Peptide PT473–487 also inhibited cleavage at Arg271 in meizo-thrombin, showing that it similarly inhibited fXa cleavage at both Arg320 and Arg271. Peptide PT473–487 did not inhibit the amidolytic activities of fXa or thrombin, suggesting that the peptide did not alter the integrity of their active sites. To determine if PT473–487 interacted directly with fVa, fluorescein labeled-fVa (Fl-fVa) was prepared. When PT473–487 was titrated into samples containing phospholipid-bound Fl-fVa, the peptide increased fluorescein anisotropy (EC50 at 3 microM peptide) whereas the control peptide PT473–487SCR peptide did not alter the anisotropy, suggesting a direct binding interaction between PT473–487 and Fl-fVa. These functional and spectroscopic data suggest that fII residues 473–487 provide fVa binding sites and mediate interactions between fVa and fII in the prothrombinase complex that contribute to cleavages at both Arg271 and Arg320 by fXa.
Identification of an endogenous cardioprotective pathway involving 12‐lipoxygenase (12‐LOX), C‐fibers and the non‐selective cation channel TRPV1 (2006)

Eicosanoids derived via 12‐LOX metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) are protective against myocardial ischaemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury, although the precise mechanism involved remains uncertain. To investigate the pathways involved we used male Wistar rat hearts perfused in the Langendorff mode. Infusion of 12‐LOX (2 μg ml ‐1 , 30 min) and AA (30 μM, 30 min) reduced infarct size (~50% control, P &lt;0.01) and improved left ventricular developed pressure ( P &lt;0.001) after a 25 min/2 h I/R insult. This protection was abolished by the 12‐LOX inhibitor baicalein (10 μM, 45 min, P &lt;0.05) and by treatment of animals with capsaicin (50 mg kg ‐1 , P &lt;0.05), supporting a role for sensory C‐fibers in 12‐LOX‐mediated cardioprotection. Analysis of TRPV1 in left ventricles of hearts subjected to I/R in vitro demonstrated significant reduction of protein but no change in mRNA levels. In contrast, using a similar model in vivo, cardiac TRPV1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced and protein expression elevated. Additionally in dorsal root ganglia (DRG, the cell bodies of cardiac sensory neurons), TRPV1 mRNA was unchanged whilst protein levels were elevated. Together these data suggest that I/R injury results in a decrease in TRPV1 expression locally within the heart, but an increase of TRPV1 synthesis in DRG and transport to cardiac nerve terminals occurs in vivo to maintain expression levels. Moreover, during I/R injury upregulation/activation of the 12‐LOX/AA/TRPV1 pathway represents an endogenous damage‐limiting mechanism. This research is funded by the British Heart Foundation.
A generic network management architecture targeted to support home automation networks and home Internet connectivity (2000)

This paper proposes a generic network management architecture, targeted to support home automation networks (HAN) and home Internet connectivity. The main objective of the proposed architectural model and implied protocol is the acquisition of control and monitoring information of a HAN, as well as the handling of such information remotely by means of an Internet connection. The proposed protocol, being an application service element (ASE), is fully compatible with the notation and functionality of the emerging "convergence" protocol targeted to be a European standard for home automation systems. The core of the proposed architecture is a new management protocol entity residing at the OSI application layer. We have followed an approach similar to the well-known simple network management protocol (SNMP) of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Information is acquired either on request by the management device or on event reporting initiated by a managed device. Furthermore, the acquired information can be diffused to the Internet, through a HAN-to-TCP gateway unit. Finally, a prototype system based on the European Home Systems (EHS) specification is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Homochiral Pyridyl, Bipyridyl and Phosphino Derivatives of 2,2‐Dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolane: Use in Asymmetric Catalysis. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pre-operative Plasma miR-21-5p Is a Sensitive Biomarker and Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Surgical Resection (2018)

Blood plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a clinically useful tool for non-invasive detection and prognosis estimation in various cancer types including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of the present study was to provide an independent validation of circulating miRNAs identified in previous studies as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in PDAC. Based on the literature search, 6 miRNAs were chosen as candidates for independent validation; miR-21-5p, miR-375, miR-155, miR-17-5p, miR-126-5p and miR-1290. Validation of these miRNAs was performed in a cohort of 25 patients with PDAC undergoing surgical resection and 24 healthy donors. Plasma levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. We confirmed significantly higher levels of all tested miRNA in blood plasma of PDAC patients in comparison to healthy controls with miR-21-5p showing the highest analytical performance (p<0.001; AUC>0.99). Increased levels of miR-21-5p (p=0.045) and miR-375 (p=0.013) were significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that miR-21-5p is a significant unfavorable prognostic factor independent on other clinical variables including adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio 2.95; 95% CI 1.06-8.18; p=0.038). Our preliminary data indicate promising diagnostic and prognostic utility of plasma miR-21-5p in PDAC patients.
Phase 1 trial of trametinib alone and in combination with dabrafenib in children and adolescents with relapsed solid tumors or neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) progressive plexiform neurofibromas (PN). (2018)

10537 Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway aberrations are common in cancer and NF1 PN. Dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, is active in children with BRAF V600–mutant tumors; however, activation of MAPK signaling in BRAF WT cells increases skin toxicity. Trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, targets MAPK activation in tumors harboring BRAF fusions and NF1 gene loss. This trial sought to establish the trametinib dose alone and in combination with dabrafenib in patients (pts) with relapsed solid tumors or progressive PN. Methods: Part A: safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of trametinib (0.0125, 0.025, 0.04 mg/kg daily) were evaluated. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) during the first 4 wk and trough concentrations were used to determine the recommended dose (RD). Three age groups ( < 2 y, 2-12 y, > 12 y) were evaluated based on initial PK; trametinib 0.032 mg/kg was assessed in pts < 6 y. Part C: pts with BRAF V600–mutant tumors received the trametinib RD in combination with 50% or 100% of the established age-specific dabrafenib RD. Results: Part A: 40 pts (median age, 8 y [range, 0-18 y]) were enrolled. Median treatment (Tx) duration was 81 wk (range, 3-124 wk); 21 (53%) continue on Tx. DLTs (mucositis [n = 3 overall]) occurred in 5/15 pts receiving 0.04 mg/kg and 3/19 receiving 0.025 mg/kg. Frequent Tx-related adverse events (TRAEs) were paronychia (58%), diarrhea (48%), and rash (45%). Tx-related serious AEs (TRSAEs) occurring in > 1 pt included hyponatremia and pyrexia (2 each). The trametinib RD is 0.025 mg/kg daily for pts ≥6 y and 0.032 mg/kg for pts < 6 y. Part C: 12 pts (median age, 12 y [range, 2-18 y]) were enrolled. No DLTs were observed at 50% or 100% of the dabrafenib age-specific RD in combination with trametinib 0.025 mg/kg in pts ≥6 y. Median Tx duration was 41 wk (range, 11-67 wk); 8 pts continue on Tx. Frequent TRAEs were rash (67%) and pyrexia (50%). Decreased ejection fraction (n = 2) was the only TRSAE in > 1 pt. Assessment of pts < 6 y is ongoing. Conclusions: Age-specific dose, safety, and tolerability of trametinib alone and combined with dabrafenib were defined for children and adolescents; > 50% of pts continue on Tx. Clinical trial information: NCT02124772.
FcγR IIIa polymorphism and anti-idiotype humoral immune response predict clinical outcome in follicular lymphoma patients receiving idiotypic vaccination (2004)

6503 Background: The Ig idiotype (Id) expressed by B cell lymphoma is a target for immunotherapy. Id vaccination (Vac) induces humoral and/or cellular anti-Id immune response (IR). However, the clinical impact of these anti-Id IR is unknown. We have recently found that IgG Fc receptor (FcγR) polymorphisms predict the response to rituximab, due to their role in the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. We tested if anti-Id IR or FcγR polymorphisms have clinical impact in patients who received Id Vac. Methods: We analyzed 155 follicular lymphoma patients who had Id Vac between 1988 and 2001 at Stanford Medical Center. All patients received induction chemotherapy followed by Id Vac. The FcγRIIa 131 H/R and FcγRIIIa 158 V/F polymorphism was determined. Results: Humoral and cellular anti-Id IR were found after Id Vac in 51 (33%) and 35 (23%) patients, respectively. The humoral IR was associated with longer freedom from progression (FFP) after induction chemotherapy/Id Vac (humoral IR, 6.23 yrs vs other, 2.66 yrs, p=0.006). The cellular IR had no impact on the FFP. Patients with FcγRIIIa V/V genotype enjoyed longer FFP than those with V/F or F/F (median time to progression: V/V, 8.21 yrs vs V/F, 2.66 yrs, p=0.002; vs F/F, 2.89 yrs, p=0.021). In contrast, the FcγRIIa polymorphism had no impact on FFP. Multi-variant analysis using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model showed that V/V genotype and humoral IR were two independent positive predictors for disease free survival, and stage IV disease was a negative predictor, while FcγRIIa polymorphism, cellular IR, gender, age, B symptoms or time from diagnosis to therapy had no impact. The relative benefit was 4.12 (95% CI, 1.83–9.27, p=0.0006) for V/V genotype and 2.45 (95% CI, 1.50–4.00, p=0.0004) for humoral IR. Conclusions: There was clinical benefit of humoral anti-Id IR in a large group of patients vaccinated with Id. We also identified the clinical importance of FcγRIIIa polymorphism in these patients probably due to its role in anti-Id antibody-mediated cytotoxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Progressive Coding and Iterative Source-Channel Decoding in Wireless Data Gathering Networks (2011)

Wireless data gathering networks are often tasked to gather correlated data under severe energy constraints. The use of simple channel codes with source-channel decoding can potentially provide good performance with low energy consumption. Here we consider progressive coding in multi-hop networks, where an intermediate node decodes its received noisy codewords. The estimated information is concatenated with the node's own information word and encoded; the resulting progressively-encoded codeword is then transmitted to the next node. In non-progressive coding, the node simply forwards the received noisy codewords along with its own encoded data. Here we compare the performance of two codes with low decoding complexity, Repeat-Accumulate (RA) and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, in combination with two progressive coding schemes. Progressive channel coding uses only channel decoding at the intermediate node, while progressive source-channel coding uses source-channel decoding, exploiting the probabilistic dependency of the information words (caused by the correlation structure of the data) jointly with the deterministic dependency induced by channel coding. Two decoding schemes are considered at the data center: channel decoding only and iterative source-channel decoding. In simulation experiments, we consider a line network topology with systematic RA and LDPC coding. Results show that progressive coding performs better than non-progressive coding, and RA codes perform better with lower computational complexity than LDPC codes, both for channel-decoding-only and iterative source-channel decoding.
Treatment of Oil Contaminated Groundwater Using DAF and Fenton Oxidation Process (2010)

The oil spill occurred frequently due to probably the increased consumption of oil as the energy source and the raw materials of various chemicals. For the treatment of oil contaminated groundwater, DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) is being used but the removal efficiency is low. Therefore it is necessary to reduce the free phase oil, oil-in water type or water-in oil type emulsified oil, and soluble oil which are the main sources of contaminated groundwater. In this study, treatment of contaminated groundwater was performed using the Fenton oxidation process. The optimum conditions for the removal of THP(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) were 3 of pH, 25mM of concentration and 25mM of concentration. THP and COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) concentrations decreased less than 1.5mg/L and 40.0mg/L in 7 minutes using DAF and Fenton oxidation process. However it is necessary to install the settling basin as the sludge concentration increased approximately 5 times.
Hierarchical bicontinuous structure of redox-active organic composites and their enhanced electrochemical properties (2017)

The hierarchical bicontinuous structure of redox-active organic composites of crystalline quinone derivatives and conductive polymers was generated through simultaneous etching of the crystal and polymerization of the monomer. The bicontinuous composite showed enhanced electrochemical properties as a result of the smooth redox reaction of its components.
Measuring the effective channel length of MOSFETs (1990)

Eleven measurement methods are outlined, and their assumptions are examined. The methods are analyzed, critiqued, and compared. Recommendations are made as to which methods are best under various conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Liquid-Phase Packaging of a Glucose Oxidase Solution with Parylene Direct Encapsulation and an Ultraviolet Curing Adhesive Cover for Glucose Sensors (2010)

We have developed a package for disposable glucose sensor chips using Parylene encapsulation of a glucose oxidase solution in the liquid phase and a cover structure made of an ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive. Parylene was directly deposited onto a small volume (1 μL) of glucose oxidase solution through chemical vapor deposition. The cover and reaction chamber were constructed on Parylene film using a UV-curable adhesive and photolithography. The package was processed at room temperature to avoid denaturation of the glucose oxidase. The glucose oxidase solution was encapsulated and unsealed. Glucose sensing was demonstrated using standard amperometric detection at glucose concentrations between 0.1 and 100 mM, which covers the glucose concentration range of diabetic patients. Our proposed Parylene encapsulation and UV-adhesive cover form a liquid phase glucose-oxidase package that has the advantages of room temperature processing and direct liquid encapsulation of a small volume solution without use of conventional solidifying chemicals.
A robust UAS video stabilization method with hierarchical clustering (2016)

Video stabilization is an essential component on unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) with the ability to provide a steady perspective for aerial surveillance. Traditional UAS video stabilization methods compensate each frame by utilizing affine model and taking every jitter as a global transformation, which is generally effective when UAS loads CCD sensor camera and UAS flies high enough to assume that the whole picture is in a same plane. However, if these two conditions are not fulfilled, traditional methods may suffer constant wobble and artifact. In order to stabilize UAS surveillance videos in more general cases, spatial and temporal context should be incorporated. In this paper, we present a robust method for UAS video stabilization adaptive to various scenarios. Since each image can be divided into many small planes, we introduce hierarchical clustering to distinguish them and smoothing them separately for better robustness. Then our motion compensation method utilizes multiple grids transformation to eliminate uneven jitter, which is effective on low altitude and rolling shutter. Experiments provide a comparison between our approach and traditional approaches, demonstrating the advantages of our method in challenging scenarios.
Smart textiles products and services in sustainable context (2014)

Smart textile products present a bigger risk for the environmental sustainability than most other textile products. However, smart textile products also offer opportunities for the development of unique services that would generate additional value and sustain meaning in a societal and economic context. In this article we describe our designs for three smart textile products with a different level of integration of textiles and technology and different use case scenarios. These designs were interpreted by sustainability experts and analyzed along the lines of environmental, societal and economic sustainability. We present these multiple viewpoints and our own re-interpretation of the three designs by focusing on the energy use, story telling and personalization as the main opportunities for the development of sustainable smart textile services. With this paper we contribute by identifying a meaningful direction for the future development of smart textile products where the challenges of sustainability act as opportunities for the development of smart textile services
Effect of Coupling Agents and Particle Size on Mechanical Performance of Polyethylene Composites Comprising Wollastonite Micro-Fibres (2007)

The usefulness of rotational moulding (rotomoulding) as a polymer processing technique is often limited by the selection of polymers, which in most cases happens to be polyethylene (PE). In the present study, PE polyethylene was blended with wollastonite microfibres and maleated polyethylene (as a coupling agent) with the purpose of developing an improved material for rotational moulding. The incorporation of wollastonite fibres without any coupling agent improved the tensile strength, but showed a reduction in impact strength. As expected, the most significant enhancement due to wollastonite was in the tensile modulus.. The addition of a coupling agent improved both the impact strength and the processability, especially when wollastonite was coated with aminosilane. Scanning electron microscopy revealed good adhesion between the coated fibre reinforcement and the polyethylene matrix at the fracture surface.
Enabling area-selective potential-energy engineering in InGaN/GaN quantum wells by post-growth intermixing (2015)

We report on a unique area-selective, post-growth approach in engineering the quantum-confined potential-energy profile of InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) utilizing metal/dielectric-coating induced intermixing process. This led to simultaneous realization of adjacent regions with peak emission of 2.74 eV and 2.82 eV with a high spatial resolution (~1 μm) at the coating boundary. The potential profile softening in the intermixed QW light-emitting diode (LED) was experimentally and numerically correlated, shedding light on the origin of alleviated efficiency droop from 30.5% to 16.6% (at 150 A/cm²). The technique is advantageous for fabricating high efficiency light-emitters, and is amenable to monolithic integration of nitride-based photonic devices.
Analysis of Heat Release from Gain Medium of Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (2005)

Heat release into the operating gas of a chemical oxygen iodine laser is analyzed on the basis of stagnation and cavity pressures. The energy of excited oxygen molecules is released as heat in this device through pooling reactions, iodine dissociation, and the interactions of these processes with water vapor. The proposed estimation method is applied to the analysis of subsonic and transonic iodine injection schemes to examine energy loss during iodine dissociation. The results also provide the number n of excited oxygen molecules consumed in each iodine dissociation. The values of n were estimated to be n ≥10 and n ≥6 in the subsonic and transonic injection schemes, respectively.