gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biventricular circulatory support using single-device and dual-device configurations: Initial pump characterization in simulated heart failure model (2023)

Comprehensive <i>in vitro</i> testing of two different BVAD setups exhibited self-regulation and exceptional pump performance for both (single- and dual-device) BHF support scenarios. For treating moderate and severe BHF, UVAD and CFTAH both functioned well with respect to atrial pressure regulation and cardiac output. Though, the dual-UVAD setup yielded a better atrial pressure balance in all BHF testing scenarios.
Gain spectroscopy of excitonic molecules and its dynamics in a ZnSe single quantum well (1996)

We demonstrate spectroscopically how optical gain is formed in an interacting system of excitons and biexcitons in a single ZnSe quantum well. The dynamics of gain formation are studied on a subpicosecond time scale in pump-probe experiments, revealing the influence of coherent effects and the impact of exciton-exciton and exciton-biexciton interactions. Spectrally resolved, polarization-dependent degenerate four-wave-mixing experiments further demonstrate how the excitonic many-body phenomena profoundly influence the nonlinear optical response in this II-VI semiconductor heterostructure. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
[Inhibitory effect of a third generation retinoid R8923 and all-trans retinoic acid on two-stage chemical carcinogenesis of BALB/3T3-A31 cells in vitro]. (1994)

The inhibitory effect of a third generation retinoid R8923 and all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on malignant transformation of Balb/3T3-A31 cells induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA) and 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate(TPA) was studied in paper. Malignant transformation of Balb/3T3-A31 cells was evaluated by scoring transformation foci and soft agar assay. Actively growing Balb/3T3-A31 cells (1.5 x 10(4) cells per 60-mm-diameter glass dish) were cultured in 5ml of Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with 10 percent fetal bovine serum. Twenty-four hours after plating, the cells were treated with 3-MCA (2 micrograms/ml) for 72 hours. TPA was added into the medium at a concentration of 100 ng/ml for 2 weeks. Thirty-six days after cell plating, the transformation foci were counted and the soft agar assay of the cells isolated from each glass dish was performed. Results showed that there were 16.0 +/- 1.58 transformation foci/dish and the colony forming efficiency in soft agar assay was 138.6 +/- 14.47/10(3) cells in 3-MCA and TPA treated dishes (control group). When the cells were exposed to R8923 or RA (at a concentration of 10(-6) M), the transformation foci were 11.2 +/- 0.84 /dish and 9.2 +/- 1.10/dish respectively, and the corresponding colony forming efficiency values were 66.1 +/- 7.68/10(3) cells and 64.8 +/- 4.46/10(3) cells. They were significantly lower than that of the control group. These results demonstrated that R8923 and RA could effectively inhibit 3-MCA and TPA induced malignant transformation of Balb/3T3-A31 cells and suggested that R8923 is a potential drug for cancer chemoprevention.
Interface formation during molecular beam epitaxial growth of neodymium oxide on silicon (2006)

The Si/dielectric interface properties influence device performance significantly. Often the interface is not stable and changes during and/or after the growth. For a better understanding of the interface and layer formation processes of Nd2O3 on Si(001), as an example for the lanthanide oxides, well-defined experimental studies by reflection high-energy diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed under ultraclean ultrahigh vacuum conditions of molecular beam epitaxy. Complementary investigations were performed by transmission electron microscopy. We found that Nd2O3 is a candidate for replacing silicon dioxide as gate dielectric in future Si devices with suitable band gap and offset with respect to silicon. However, under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, silicide formation occurs in the initial stage of growth, which can result in large silicide inclusions and hole formation during further growth. This effect can be completely prevented by modifying the oxygen partial pressure during the interface formation and layer growth.
Design and Performance Test of Digital Rebalance Loop for MEMS Gyroscope (2006)

In this paper, a digital rebalance loop for MEMS gyroscope is designed and its performance test is performed. First, the system model of MEMS gyroscope is established by dynamic analysis. Then, the digital rebalance loop is designed using modern control technique. The performance of the digital rebalance loop is compared with that of conventional PID rebalance loop. Through frequency response analysis using MATLAB and experiments using a real MEMS gyroscope and digital controller, which is realized using digital signal processor (DSP), it is confirmed that the controller improves the performance of the gyroscope.
System for intra-operative monitoring of the cortical integrity of the pedicle during pedicle screw placement in low-back surgery: design and clinical results (2002)

The placement of pedicle screws may involve a damage to the pedicle wall as well as to the adjacent nerve roots. This is visible as a lowering of the trans-screw stimulation current threshold of evoked compound action potentials (CAP) of the leg muscles and as a decrease of the electrical impedance of the screw. The objective was to design a system for intra-operative monitoring of the integrity of the pedicle wall and motor nerve and to test it in clinical practice. Spontaneous EMGs and CAPs, evoked by electrostimulation of the nerve and via the screw, of 8 muscle groups in the leg were recorded and furthermore, the screw impedance was measured. 102 pedicle screws were monitored. It is concluded that during pedicle screw fixation, the current thresholds for CAPs and impedance measurements are useful for monitoring nerve root integrity. Impedance measurements provide an early warning of the cortex of the pedicle by screw placement.
Treating depression in HIV-positive patients (1994)

From Cornell University Medical College *Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
The design of metadata schemas for chinese cultural celebrities' manuscript library (2004)

Metadata isessential to the semantic discovery of a digital library. A lot of metadata standardshave beenissued in recent years, but few standards orguidelines areactually implemented. Practitioners are always suffering from no guidelines or pilot projects can be referenced when developing digital library applications. The situation does no good to overcome interoperability problems between applications. This paper summarized the design of metadata schemas for Chinese Cultural Celebrities' Manuscript Library (CCCML), which is a branch of Shanghai Library. In practicing a formalized and normalized way to implement the merits of metadata for CCCML, and overcome the confusion of using metadata, we experienced an approach in deriving a set of principles, delivering an outline of methodology, conducting a procedure for the practice, and developing the specification of the schemas, as well as the implementation of the schemas in the CCCML digital library system.
Pyrolytic carbon coated black silicon (2016)

Carbon is the most well-known black material in the history of man. Throughout the centuries, carbon has been used as a black material for paintings, camouflage, and optics. Although, the techniques to make other black surfaces have evolved and become more sophisticated with time, carbon still remains one of the best black materials. Another well-known black surface is black silicon, reflecting less than 0.5% of incident light in visible spectral range but becomes a highly reflecting surface in wavelengths above 1000 nm. On the other hand, carbon absorbs at those and longer wavelengths. Thus, it is possible to combine black silicon with carbon to create an artificial material with very low reflectivity over a wide spectral range. Here we report our results on coating conformally black silicon substrate with amorphous pyrolytic carbon. We present a superior black surface with reflectance of light less than 0.5% in the spectral range of 350 nm to 2000 nm.
An expedient synthesis of 5-n-alkylresorcinols and novel 5-n-alkylresorcinol haptens (2009)

The first synthesis of bioactive long alkyl chain 5-n-alkylresorcinols, present in whole grain products, by a novel modification of the Wittig reaction is described. All the main long chain 5-n-alkylresorcinols present in rye and wheat, including C(23) and C(25) analogues and haptens, which have not been previously prepared, were synthesised. Microwave-promoted reactions of a semi-stabilized ylid and alkanals in water gave good yields in both pressurized and open systems. An alternative microwave-promoted synthesis starting from non-stabilized alkyltriphenylphosphonium salts and 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde worked as well. Aqueous media were suitable for the reactions even if the starting materials were not soluble in water. The 5-n-alkylresorcinols are potential biomarkers of whole grain intake, and the new hapten derivatives of 5-n-alkylresorcinols will open the way for the immunochemical detection techniques of alkylresorcinols.
Supplementary Figure Legends, Table Legend from Real-Time Immune Monitoring to Guide Plasmid DNA Vaccination Schedule Targeting Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 26KB&lt;/p&gt;
BiP Inducer X: An ER Stress Inhibitor for Enhancing Recombinant Antibody Production in CHO Cell Culture (2019)

Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduces protein synthesis and induces apoptosis in mammalian cells. When dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a specific monoclonal antibody productivity (q<sub>mAb</sub> )-enhancing reagent, is added to recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cell cultures (GSR cell line), it induces ER stress and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. To determine an effective ER stress inhibitor, three ER stress inhibitors (BiP inducer X [BIX], tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and carbazole) are examined and BIX shows the best production performance. Coaddition of BIX (50 μm) with DMSO extends the culture longevity and enhances q<sub>mAb</sub> . As a result, the maximum mAb concentration is significantly increased with improved galactosylation. Coaddition of BIX significantly increases the expression level of binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) followed by increased expression of chaperones (calnexin and GRP94) and galactosyltransferase. Furthermore, the expression levels of CHOP, a well-known ER stress marker, and cleaved caspase-3 are significantly reduced, suggesting that BIX addition reduces ER stress-induced cell death by relieving ER stress. The beneficial effect of BIX on mAb production is also demonstrated with another q<sub>mAb</sub> -enhancing reagent (sodium butyrate) and a different rCHO cell line (CS13-1.00). Taken together, BIX is an effective ER stress inhibitor that can be used to increase mAb production in rCHO cells.
Cellular and Biomolecular Recognition. Synthetic and Non‐Biological Molecules. Herausgegeben von Raz Jelinek. (2010)

Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2009. 349 S., geb., 139.00 €.—ISBN 978-3527322657
Hydroxycinnamate Conjugates as Potential Monolignol Replacements: In vitro Lignification and Cell Wall Studies with Rosmarinic Acid (2012)

The plasticity of lignin biosynthesis should permit the inclusion of new compatible phenolic monomers, such as rosmarinic acid (RA) and analogous catechol derivatives, into cell-wall lignins that are consequently less recalcitrant to biomass processing. In vitro lignin polymerization experiments revealed that RA readily underwent peroxidase-catalyzed copolymerization with monolignols and lignin oligomers to form polymers with new benzodioxane inter-unit linkages. Incorporation of RA permitted extensive depolymerization of synthetic lignins by mild alkaline hydrolysis, presumably by cleavage of ester intra-unit linkages within RA. Copolymerization of RA with monolignols into maize cell walls by in situ peroxidases significantly enhanced alkaline lignin extractability and promoted subsequent cell wall saccharification by fungal enzymes. Incorporating RA also improved cell wall saccharification by fungal enzymes and by rumen microflora even without alkaline pretreatments, possibly by modulating lignin hydrophobicity and/or limiting cell wall cross-linking. Consequently, we anticipate that bioengineering approaches for partial monolignol substitution with RA and analogous plant hydroxycinnamates would permit more efficient utilization of plant fiber for biofuels or livestock production.
Role of side chain moiety in the hydrolysis of penicillins by beta-lactamase. (1992)

Various beta-lactam compounds and structurally related moieties were examined as substrates of beta-lactamase from Bacillus cereus 5/B NCTC 9946. The enzyme was specific for penicillins and none of the cephalosporins were hydrolysed. Electronic environment of allylic carboxy group in dihydrothiazine ring restricts the acceptance of cephalosporins as substrates. The efficiency of hydrolysis of penicillins is dependent on dense resonating electronic environment of phenyl ring present in the side chain, flexibility of the side chain and the distance between the phenyl ring and carbonyl group in the side chain.
Locating the spreading axis along 80 km of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge south of the Atlantis Transform (1999)

The zone of active eruptive fissuring (the “spreading axis”) is investigated at an accretionary segment of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge. High‐resolution side‐scan images are used to produce a detailed geologic map of the median valley floor of Segment 18, located immediately south of the Atlantis Transform (30°N). The spreading axis is defined by distinguishing between primary eruptive vents (seamounts and hummocky ridges fed by underlying dikes) and secondary vents (seamounts and terraces fed from lava tubes or channels) and is found to be about 2 km wide or less along the entire segment. It is impossible to narrow the width further with the data we have in hand. For comparison, at faster spreading ridges such as the East Pacific Rise, the spreading axis is generally equated to the width of the axial summit trough, typically, 50–100 m wide. Within the Brunhes anomaly, the high‐resolution structure of the central anomaly magnetic high (CAMH) obtained from several cross‐axis, deep‐tow tracks is used to define regions of recent, major volcanism. The locations of the CAMH peaks generally conform to our pick of the spreading axis. In some places the peaks are located several kilometers away from the spreading axis, possibly indicating that large volumes of lava have been deposited there. Our interpretation of many volcanic structures as secondary vents at Segment 18 leads to the conclusion that lava channels and tubes commonly develop to transport lava to these off‐axis deposition sites.
In vitro studies of contact hypersensitivity. The effect of the haptens 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and of hapten-protein conjugates on the migration of guinea-pig peritoneal exudate cells. (1973)

The inhibition of macrophage migration test has been used to study the in vitro effect of simple chemical sensitizers, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) on peritoneal exudate cells harvested from animals exhibiting contact hypersensitivity to the haptens. Specific inhibition of migration of cells from eleven out of twelve sensitized animals was achieved when cells were cultured in the presence of a dinitrophenyl-guinea-pig serum conjugate in a concentration which had no effect on cells from normal animals. The unconjugated haptens were toxic to cells and inhibited, non-specifically, the migration from capillary tubes of cells from normal guinea-pigs and from guinea-pigs sensitized to DNCB and DNFB, cultured in the presence of low concentrations of the haptens. Non-specific inhibition also occurred with high concentrations of the conjugates, dinitrophenyl-lysine and dinitrophenyl-guinea-pig erythrocyte stromata, while lower concentrations of these conjugates had little effect.
Novel Cationic 2-Phenylpyridine-based Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing an Ancillary Phosphine Ligand: Synthesis, Photophysics and Crystal Structure (2009)

Three novel phosphorescent 2-phenylpyridine-based iridium(III) complexes, <TEX>$[(ppy)_2Ir(P\^{}N)]PF6\;(1),\;[(dfppy)_2Ir(P\^{}N)]PF_6$</TEX> (2), and <TEX>$[(dfmppy)_2 Ir(P\^{}N)]PF6$</TEX> (3), where <TEX>$P\^{}N$</TEX> = 2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyridine (dppmp), were synthesized and characterized. The absorption, photoluminescence, cyclic voltammetry and thermal stability of the complexes were investigated. The complexes showed bright blue luminescences at wavelengths of 448 <TEX>$\sim$</TEX> 500 nm at room temperature in <TEX>$CHCl_3$</TEX> and revealed that the <TEX>$\pi$</TEX>-acceptor ability of the phosphorous atom in the ancillary dppmp ligand plays an important role in tuning emission color resulting in a blue-shift emission. The single crystal structure of <TEX>$[(dfmppy))_2Ir(P\^N)]PF_6$</TEX> was determined using X-ray crystallography. The iridium metal center adopts a distorted octahedral structure coordinated to two dfmppy and one dppmp ligand, showing cis C-C and trans N-N chelate dispositions. There is a <TEX>$\pi-\pi$</TEX> overlap between π electrons delocalized in the difluorophenyl rings.
FLiCR: A Fast and Lightweight LiDAR Point Cloud Compression Based on Lossy RI (2022)

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors are becoming available on modern mobile devices and provide a 3D sensing capability. This new capability is beneficial for perceptions in various use cases, but it is challenging for resource-constrained mobile devices to use the perceptions in real-time because of their high computational complexity. In this context, edge computing can be used to enable LiDAR online perceptions, but offloading the perceptions on the edge server requires a low-latency, lightweight, and efficient compression due to the large volume of LiDAR point clouds data. This paper presents FLiCR, a fast and lightweight LiDAR point cloud compression method for enabling edge-assisted online perceptions. FLiCR is based on range images (RI) as an intermediate representation (IR), and dictionary coding for compressing RIs. FLiCR achieves its benefits by leveraging lossy RIs, and we show the efficiency of bytestream compression is largely improved with quantization and subsampling. In addition, we identify the limitation of current quality metrics for presenting the entropy of a point cloud, and introduce a new metric that reflects both point-wise and entropy-wise qualities for lossy IRs. The evaluation results show FLiCR is more suitable for edge-assisted real-time perceptions than the existing LiDAR compressions, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of our compression and metric with the evaluations on 3D object detection and LiDAR SLAM.
Reconstruction of the Near-Surface Velocities with Trap Bodies by the Full Waveform Inversion (2021)

Abstract Seismic surveys in the vast territory of Eastern Siberia are carried out in seismic and geological conditions of varying complexity. Obtaining a high-quality dynamic seismic image for the work area is a priority task in the states of contrasting heterogeneities of the near-surface. For this, it is necessary to restore an effective depth-velocity model that provides compensation for velocity anomalies and calculates static corrections. However, for the most complex near-surface structure, for example, the presence of trap intrusions and tuffaceous formations, the information content of the velocity models of the near-surface area obtained based on tomographic refinement turns out to be insufficient, and a search for another solution is required. The paper considers an approach based on Full Waveform Inversion (FWI). As the authors showed earlier, multiples associated with the free surface reduce the resolution of this approach. But their use increases the stability of the solution in the presence of uncorrelated noise. Therefore, at the first stage of FWI, the full wavefield is used, including free surface-related multiples, but they are suppressed in the next steps of the data processing. The results obtained demonstrate the ability of the FWI to restore complex geological structures of the near-surface area, even in the presence of high-velocity anomalies (trap intrusions).
Tips and Tricks for Visual Question Answering: Learnings from the 2017\n Challenge (2017)

This paper presents a state-of-the-art model for visual question answering\n(VQA), which won the first place in the 2017 VQA Challenge. VQA is a task of\nsignificant importance for research in artificial intelligence, given its\nmultimodal nature, clear evaluation protocol, and potential real-world\napplications. The performance of deep neural networks for VQA is very dependent\non choices of architectures and hyperparameters. To help further research in\nthe area, we describe in detail our high-performing, though relatively simple\nmodel. Through a massive exploration of architectures and hyperparameters\nrepresenting more than 3,000 GPU-hours, we identified tips and tricks that lead\nto its success, namely: sigmoid outputs, soft training targets, image features\nfrom bottom-up attention, gated tanh activations, output embeddings initialized\nusing GloVe and Google Images, large mini-batches, and smart shuffling of\ntraining data. We provide a detailed analysis of their impact on performance to\nassist others in making an appropriate selection.\n
Progression-Related Loss of Stromal Caveolin 1 Levels Mediates Radiation Resistance in Prostate Carcinoma via the Apoptosis Inhibitor TRIAP1 (2019)

Tumour resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, as well as molecularly targeted therapies, limits the effectiveness of current cancer treatments. We previously reported that the radiation response of human prostate tumours is critically regulated by CAV1 expression in stromal fibroblasts and that loss of stromal CAV1 expression in advanced tumour stages may contribute to tumour radiotherapy resistance. Here we investigated whether fibroblast secreted anti-apoptotic proteins could induce radiation resistance of prostate cancer cells in a CAV1-dependent manner and identified TRIAP1 (TP53 Regulated Inhibitor of Apoptosis 1) as a resistance-promoting CAV1-dependent factor. TRIAP1 expression and secretion was significantly higher in CAV1-deficient fibroblasts and secreted TRIAP1 was able to induce radiation resistance of PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells <i>in vitro</i>, as well as of PC3 prostate xenografts derived from co-implantation of PC3 cells with TRIAP1-expressing fibroblasts <i>in vivo</i>. Immunohistochemical analyses of irradiated PC3 xenograft tumours, as well as of human prostate tissue specimen, confirmed that the characteristic alterations in stromal-epithelial CAV1 expression were accompanied by increased TRIAP1 levels after radiation in xenograft tumours and within advanced prostate cancer tissues, potentially mediating resistance to radiation treatment. In conclusion, we have determined the role of CAV1 alterations potentially induced by the CAV1-deficient, and more reactive, stroma in radio sensitivity of prostate carcinoma at a molecular level. We suggest that blocking TRIAP1 activity and thus avoiding drug resistance may offer a promising drug development strategy for inhibiting resistance-promoting CAV1-dependent signals.