gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter closure of recurrent postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects utilizing the Amplatzer postinfarction VSD device: A case series (2003)

The initial therapy for postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defects is surgical repair of the defect. Unfortunately, a significant number of patients develop recurrent ventricular septal defects (VSDs) following operative repair. Transcatheter closure offers an alternative to reoperation in these critically ill patients. We present a series of four patients in whom recurrent ventricular septal defects were closed using an Amplatzer VSD device.
Viabilidade celular de nanofibras de polímeros biodegradáveis e seus nanocompósitos com argila montmorilonita (2012)

Mantas não tecidas de nanofibras de três polímeros biodegradáveis poli(ácido láctico), PDLLA, poli(Ε-caprolactona), PCL, e poli(butileno adipato-co-tereftalato), PBAT e seus nanocompósitos com uma nanoargila montmorilonita (MMT) foram produzidas por eletrofiação. A morfologia, o comportamento térmico e a estrutura interna das nanofibras foram analisados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e transmissão, calorimetria diferencial de varredura e difração de raios X, respectivamente. Observou-se que as nanofibras dos nanocompósitos possuíam diâmetros menores do que os correspondentes polímeros puros e que as nanofibras de PBAT puro e de PBAT/MMT apresentavam a menor cristalinidade de todas as mantas. A viabilidade celular de todas as nanofibras foi analisada pela técnica de redução do sal de tetrazolium pelo complexo enzimático piruvato desidrogenase presente na matriz de mitocôndrias (teste MTT). Os resultados mostraram que nenhuma manta nanofibrílica apresentou toxicidade às células e que as nanofibras de PBAT puro e seu nanocompósito propiciaram ainda um ambiente mais favorável ao desenvolvimento celular de fibroblastos de cardiomiócitos do que as condições oferecidas pelo controles, provavelmente por apresentarem menores diâmetros e baixa cristalinidade em relação às demais nanofibras. Estes resultados mostram o potencial de uso destas mantas nanofibrílicas como suportes de crescimento celular.
Dendrimer Design: How to Circumvent the Dilemma of a Reduction of Steps or an Increase of Function Multiplicity? (2003)

Bridging the generation gap: Building up molecules of considerable molecular weight in a step-by-step manner from small units generally consumes energy and produces a lot of waste. This is not the case here since only three steps are necessary to built a dendrimer of generation 3 (MW around 265 000), bearing 750 phosphanyl end groups, with the production of environmentally friendly byproducts: water and dinitrogen. The scheme shows the two-step formation of a generation 2 (G2) dendrimer from components AB5 and CD5. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z50827_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Pour une sémantique de l'usage : Le cas de l'instrumental sujet en français (2015)

International audience
Evaluating and Influencing Dressing Results by Changing the Grain Size Distribution Based on Statistical and Experimental Investigations (2015)

Continuous improvements in product design and production processes are crucial for manufacturing companies in order to remain sustainable and competitive. In this respect the grinding industry is seeking improvements in more durable dressing results of grinding wheels as one major governing factor. Tackling this obstacle can be achieved via changing the mixing ratio between different grain sizes and pore volumes. Thus, the reduction of dressing operations leads to higher productivity and lower material consumption. The determination of the grinding wheel topography after dressing and grinding is analyzed by an optical 3D-micro-coordinate measurement system. A statistical approach is presented to estimate the real cutting area of grinding wheels after dressing, according to wheel composition and specific deep grinding working parameters. With respect to experimental results new compositions for grinding wheels are proposed.
A non-expert view on Turing machines, Proof Verifiers, and Mental reasoning (2010)

The paper explores known results related to the problem of identifying if a given program terminates on all inputs -- this is a simple generalization of the halting problem. We will see how this problem is related and the notion of proof verifiers. We also see how verifying if a program is terminating involves reasoning through a tower of axiomatic theories -- such a tower of theories is known as Turing progressions and was first studied by Alan Turing in the 1930's. We will see that this process has a natural connection to ordinal numbers. The paper is presented from the perspective of a non-expert in the field of logic and proof theory.
Efficacy of Gentamicin Sulfate for the Treatment of Swine Dysentery (1972)

SUMMARY Gentamicin sulfate was an efficacious treatment for experimentally induced swine dysentery. When administered at the rate of 50/mg./gal. (3.8 L.) of drinking water, gentamicin sulfate caused remission of clinical signs and prevented deaths due to the disease as compared to infected, unmedicated controls. The mean daily weight gain was significantly greater for pigs treated with gentamicin sulfate than for pigs treated with tylosin tartrate or for infected, unmedicated pigs.
MEMOCODE 2008 Co-Design Contest (2008)

The second MEMOCODE hardware/software codesign contest invites participants to solve a practical hardware/software codesign problem within the time span of one month. The larger objective for this contest is to be a showcase of advances in co-design tools and methodologies, in combination with design ingenuity and creativity. In the second installment of the contest, we received 9 submissions. In this short writeup, we review this year's design problem, and we consider relevant contest statistics.
Caffeine-Loaded Niosomes: Characterization and in Vitro Release Studies (2007)

We prepared different neutral and positively charged niosomal formulations containing sorbitan esters for entrapment of caffeine. Drug entrapment reduced following the incorporation of positively charged molecule. Furthermore, the span 60-containing niosomes showed the highest drug encapsulation efficiency due to solid-state nature of this surfactant's bilayers. There was a regular relationship between lipophilicity (HLB values) of surfactants and mean particle sizes; increasing the HLB value resulted in larger niosomes. By means of diffusion experiments with Franz diffusion cells, the effects of different vesicular components and that of the positive charge on the release of caffeine from various vesicle formulations were studied. Obtained results indicate that a combined erosion-diffusion mechanism regulates the permeation of caffeine through cellulose acetate membranes. High encapsulation efficiency, appropriate size distribution, and good vesicular stability, especially in solid state niosomes, make this type of vesicular systems a good alternative to liposomes for topical delivery of caffeine.
Expression of an N-terminal fragment of COP1 confers a dominant-negative effect on light-regulated seedling development in Arabidopsis. (1996)

CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) is an essential regulatory gene that plays a role in light control of seedling development in Arabidopsis. The COP1 protein possesses three recognizable structural domains: a RING finger zinc binding domain near the N terminus, followed by a coiled-coll domain and a domain with WD-40 repeats in the C-terminal half. To determine whether COP1 acts specifically as a light-inactivable repressor of photomorphogenic development and to elucidate the functional roles of the specific structural domains, mutant cDNAs encoding the N-terminal 282 amino acids (N282) of COP1 were expressed and analyzed in transgenic plants. High-level expression of the N282 fragment caused a dominant-negative phenotype similar to that of the loss-of-function cop1 mutants. The phenotypic characteristics include hypersensitivity of hypocotyl elongation to inhibition by white, blue, red, and far-red light stimuli. In the dark, N282 expression led to pleiotropic photomorphogenic cotyledon development, including cellular differentiation, plastid development, and gene expression, although it has no significant effect on the hypocotyl elongation. However, N282 expression had a minimal effect on the expression of stress- and pathogen-inducible genes. These observations support the hypothesis that COP1 is directly involved in the light control of seedling development and that it acts as a repressor of photomorphogenesis. Further, the results imply that the N282 COP1 fragment, which contains the zinc binding and colled-coil domains, is capable of interacting with either downstream targets or with the endogenous wild-type COP1, thus interfering with normal regulatory processes. The fact the N282 is able to interact with N282 and full-length COP1 in yeast provided evidence for the latter possibility.
Catalytic Asymmetric Thioacetalization of Aldehydes (2016)

A catalytic enantioselective thioacetalization reaction has been developed. Various aldehydes react with unsymmetrical 1,3- or 1,2-dithiols to furnish chiral, enantioenriched thioacetals in excellent enantioselectivities upon treatment with a nitrated imidodiphosphoric acid catalyst. The transformation is assumed to proceed via a thionium ion intermediate.
Early human embryo development (1994)

The preimplantation period of early human embryo development, which lasts about a week, begins with the fertilized egg and leads to the formation of the blastocysf. The first three days of preimplantation development occur in the Fallopian tube; the remaining four in the uterus. Implantation takes a further week and is thus complete by about 14 days after fertilization. The ability to mimic the preimplantation stages of human embryo development in vitro has led to a variety of assisted conception techniques, to help the infertile and those couples at risk of conceiving children with severe genetic disorders. Related work may lead to the development of new forms of contraception. In the UK, research on human embryos is strictly regulated by a legal body, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). Many of the considerations underlying the legislation administered by the HFEA were derived from the report of the ‘Warnock Committee’, Biological knowledge, played, and continues to play, a key role in influencing decisions in this area.
Numerical study of combined process of backward cup extrusion and piercing (2017)

A reduction of material usage of cold forged components while maintaining the functional requirements is put into effect using hollow or tubular preforms. These preforms are used to meet lightweight requirements and decreased production costs of cold formed components. In order to increase efficiency of manufacturing the combined forming process “manufacturing of hollow preforms by combining the processes backward cup extrusion and piercing” was established and will be discussed in this paper. This investigation consists of the numerical identification of substantial process input variables, process outcomes, and the process limits with regard to combined forming processes in the field of cold forging. The numerical results which are relevant for further experimental studies and the influence on the produced preforms as far as surface quality and diameter tolerance are concerned will be presented in this paper. Thus, an outlook of the experimental studies will be given.
.alpha.-Elimination Can Be Faster than .beta.-Elimination in d2 Alkyl Complexes of Molybdenum and Tungsten That Contain the Trimethylsilyl-Substituted Triamidoamine Ligand (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.-Elimination Can Be Faster than .beta.-Elimination in d2 Alkyl Complexes of Molybdenum and Tungsten That Contain the Trimethylsilyl-Substituted Triamidoamine LigandRichard R. Schrock, Keng-Yu Shih, Daniel A. Dobbs, and William M. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 24, 6609–6610Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00129a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00129a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views545Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Adenosine kinase is a new therapeutic target to prevent ischemic neuronal death. (2010)

The brain has evolved several endogenous mechanisms to protect itself from the deleterious consequences of stroke. One of those endogenous neuroprotective systems is centered on the purine ribonucleoside adenosine, which exerts potent neuroprotective functions within the brain. One major goal in therapeutic stroke research is to explore and utilize such endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms therapeutically. This review illustrates molecular approaches to study the role of the adenosine system within the context of stroke and highlights innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at increasing adenosinergic function. New research data suggest that the major adenosine regulating enzyme adenosine kinase (ADK) plays a prominent role in determining the brain's susceptibility to ischemic injury. Thus, endogenous ADK is rapidly downregulated following a stroke, possibly an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism aimed at raising ambient levels of adenosine in brain. Conversely, transgenic overexpression of ADK in brain renders the brain more susceptible to stroke-induced neuronal cell loss. In the present review we will first summarize the physiological role of adenosine metabolism within the context of ischemic brain injury. Next, we will highlight the key role of ADK in determining the brain's susceptibility to ischemic injury, and finally we will discuss potential therapeutic applications of adenosine augmentation to provide neuroprotection in stroke.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR NITRILE OXIDE CYCLOADDITION (INOC) REACTIONS IN THE INDOLE SERIES. 2. TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF RACEMIC AND OPTICALLY ACTIVE PALICLAVINE AND 5‐EPI‐PALICLAVINE (1982)

Abstract Aus dem N‐Tosylindolaldehyd (I) erhält man durch Wittig‐Reaktion mit (II) das Olefin (III), das nach Umwandlung in einen Tetrahydropyranylether alkalisch mit Nitroethylen das Addukt (IV) ergibt.
An Exploratory Study on Initial Stem Classes and African American Freshman males who are STEM Majors at a Large Mid-Atlantic State University: Factors Affecting Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Persistence in the STEM Pipeline (2013)

The purpose of this study was to test how well social cognitive career theory (SCCT) explains the effects of an introductory freshman year science course on the career perspectives of African American males at a large, public mid-Atlantic state university. Embracing SCCT as the foundation of this project, the dissertation intended to gather data from these young men to develop insight into how and in what ways their self-efficacy throughout the semester was influenced by their first science course, and changing their outlook on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers while in school and after graduation. To a small number of freshman African American male students who have declared themselves STEM majors, I utilized a qualitative study investigating this phenomenon. The major findings detailed themes that affected these young men including concerns about mathmatics preparation, isolation, balance, microagression, and help-seeking. Results indicate that there was an impact on the confidence, achievement, and goal setting for these young men due to these factors and that social cognitive career theory was an appropriate framework from which to test these questions.
Spray Drying of Mannitol as a Drug Carrier—The Impact of Process Parameters on Product Properties (2011)

Powders intended for the use in dry powder inhalers have to fulfill specific product properties, which must be closely controlled in order to ensure reproducible and efficient dosing. Spray drying is an ideal technique for the preparation of such powders for several reasons. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of spray-drying process parameters on relevant product properties, namely, surface topography, size, breaking strength, and polymorphism of mannitol carrier particles intended for the use in dry powder inhalers. In order to address this question, a full-factorial design with four factors at two levels was used. The four factors were feed concentration (10 and 20% [w/w]), gas heater temperature (170 and 190°C), feed rate (10 and 20 L/h), and atomizer rotation speed (6,300 and 8,100 rpm). The liquid spray was carefully analyzed to better understand the dependence of the particle size of the final product on the former droplet size. High gas heater temperatures and low feed rates, corresponding to high outlet temperatures of the dryer (96–98°C), led to smoother particles with surfaces consisting of smaller crystals compared to those achieved at low outlet temperatures (74–75°C), due to lower gas heater temperatures and higher feed rates. A high solution concentration of the feed also resulted in the formation of comparably rougher surfaces than a low feed concentration. Spray-dried particles showed a volume-weighted mean particle size of 71.4–90.0 µm and narrow particle size distributions. The mean particle size was influenced by the atomizer rotation speed and feed concentration. Higher rotation speeds and lower feed concentrations resulted in smaller particles. Breaking strength of the dried particles was significantly influenced by gas heater temperature and feed rate. High gas heater temperatures increased the breaking strength, whereas high feed rates decreased it. No influence of the process parameters on the polymorphism was observed. All products were crystalline, consisting of at least 96.9% of mannitol crystal modification I.
Ex Vivo Live Full-Thickness Porcine Skin Model as a Versatile In Vitro Testing Method for Skin Barrier Research (2021)

Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited, creating a demand for alternatives to animal experiments for skin studies. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and skin barrier-improving effects of hydroxyacids widely used in cosmetics for keratolytic peels. Glycolic acid (1-10%), salicylic acid (0.2-2%), and lactobionic acid (1.2-12%) were used as representative substances for α-hydroxyacid (AHA), β-hydroxyacid (BHA), and polyhydroxyacid (PHA), respectively. When hydroxyacids were applied at high concentrations on the porcine skin every other day for 6 days, tissue viability was reduced to 50-80%, suggesting that the toxicity of cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated with this model. Based on tissue viability, the treatment scheme was changed to a single exposure for 20 min. The protective effects of a single exposure of hydroxyacids on skin barrier function were evaluated by examining rhodamine permeability and epidermal structural components of barrier function using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Lactobionic acid (PHAs) improved skin barrier function most compared to other AHAs and BHAs. Most importantly, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an important functional marker of skin barrier function, could be measured with this model, which confirmed the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs. Collectively, we demonstrated that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model can be an excellent alternative to animal experiments for skin studies on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients.
Entry state distributions of discrete yrast transitions in heavy ion induced fusion reactions (1985)

Gamma rays emitted during yrast transitions from compound nuclei are detected with a 4..pi.. multielement gamma ray detector system. Both total pulse height (H) and coincidence fold data (k) are obtained for each event. Results presented include entry state distribution states, k and H projections for some of these distributions, and k and H as a function of spin of the yrast transition. 5 figs. (DWL)
[Synthesis and drug resistant reversal activities of taxane-like multi-drug resistant reversal agents]. (2003)

The drug resistant reversal activity of taxane derivatives can be affected by substitution at different positions and the length of side chains of Sinenxan A. It is worthy to be further studied.
An Asymptotic Framework for the Analysis of Hydraulic Fractures: The Impermeable Case (2006)

This paper presents a novel asymptotic framework to obtain detailed solutions describing the propagation of hydraulic fractures in an elastic material. The problem consists of a system of nonlinear integro-differential equations and a free boundary problem. This combination of local and nonlocal effects leads to transitions on a small scale near the crack tip, which control the behavior across the whole fracture profile. These transitions depend upon the dominant physical process(es) and are identified by simultaneously scaling the associated parameters with the distance from the tip. A smooth analytic solution incorporating several physical processes in the crucial tip region can be constructed using this new framework. In order to clarify the exposition of the new methodology, this paper is confined to considering the impermeable case in which only the two physical processes of viscous dissipation and structure energy release compete.
The accuracy of three-dimensional echocardiography with multiplanar reformatting in the assessment of the aortic valve annulus prior to percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty in congenital heart disease. (2012)

3DE with MPR allows a more accurate assessment of the aortic valve annulus compared to 2DE, which may reduce the tendency to undersize balloon choice. 3DE with MPR did not significantly affect our balloon choice, which was largely based on angiographic measurements.
CustusX: A Research Application for Image-Guided Therapy (2011)

CustusX version 3 is an in-house application for research in image-guided therapy with a focus on intraoperative use and ultrasound imaging. It is built upon open source toolkits such as the Insight Toolkit (ITK), the Visualization Toolkit (VTK), Qt and others. CustusX has a layered architecture based on services, and is extensible through the use of plugins. Key features are a user interface configurable by the user, an abstraction of the VTK pipeline, cross-platform video acquisition including temporal calibration, and a patient model. This paper gives an overview of the architecture and a description of the key concepts.