gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Network Structure to Accelerate Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithms (2016)

We consider the problem of estimating the measure of subsets in very large networks. A prime tool for this purpose is the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. This algorithm, while extremely useful in many cases, still often suffers from the drawback of very slow convergence. We show that in a special, but important case, it is possible to obtain significantly better bounds on the convergence rate. This special case is when the huge state space can be aggregated into a smaller number of clusters, in which the states behave approximately the same way (but their behavior still may not be identical). A Markov chain with this structure is called quasi-lumpable. This property allows the aggregation of states (nodes) into clusters. Our main contribution is a rigorously proved bound on the rate at which the aggregated state distribution approaches its limit in quasi-lumpable Markov chains. We also demonstrate numerically that in certain cases this can indeed lead to a significantly accelerated way of estimating the measure of subsets. The result can be a useful tool in the analysis of complex networks, whenever they have a clustering that aggregates nodes with similar (but not necessarily identical) behavior.
The combined effect of cucurbitacins and X-ray treatment on transplanted tumors in mice. (1965)

Summary The combined action of certain compounds of the cucurbitacin group and X-rays, as compared to the separate action of the substances and of irradiation alone, has been investigated in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Sarcoma Black, and E0771 mammary adenocarcinoma. The compounds were tested at different dose levels and in various combinations with X-rays. The tumor growth-inhibitory effect of the combined treatments was more pronounced at all dose levels than that obtained by applying the corresponding doses of X-rays or cucurbitacins separately. Growth inhibition of up to 94% was recorded. Also low doses of X-rays and of cucurbitacins that were without effect when used separately showed carcinostatic action when combined.
Clinical efficacy of aldosterone-blocking agents (2011)

Aldosterone has an important role in end-organ damage in hypertension, post-MIcardiac remodelling, and heart failure. Accordingly blockers of the aldosterone receptor such as spironolactone and eplerenone have gained widespread use in the treatment of (post-MI) heart failure. The article outlines the clinical evidence on the efficacy of aldosterone blocking agents in heart failure and hypertension and outlines clinical perspectives for their use.
MEST-C pathological score and long-term outcomes of child and adult patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (2020)

The Oxford classification MEST-C scores can predict long-term renal outcomes in patients with HSPN.
Absent ecology in the terrestrial ecological risk assessment process and an absent need for assessment (2022)

While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s ecological risk assessment process was devised with the best of intentions, including fashioning it to be isomorphic with the human health risk assessment process, longtime existing biological information demonstrating ecological receptors to be irrelevant for evaluation, was evidently overlooked. Owing to the spatial dynamics of density and home range, birds and mammals as the only terrestrial species routinely evaluated, occur in numbers far too small to legitimize their inclusion in assessments. These receptors would also not be expected to sufficiently contact contaminated media, principally soil, to trigger the development of concerning toxicological effects. The ecotoxicological manifestation of brief lifespans constitutes yet another reality not considered in applied ecological risk assessment. The decades-old nature of sites obviates any need for assessment; were toxicological effects to be elicited, they would have necessarily already arisen, yet they have consistently failed to appear. The analysis presented argues that in the haste to develop an ecological assessment process, the interplay of contaminated sites being relatively small, and species of seeming interest traveling over relatively vast spaces, has been ignored. The data assembled and reviewed demonstrate Superfund-type sites to house insufficient ecological resources to warrant a risk assessment process altogether.
Expression profiling identifies novel candidate genes for ethanol sensitivity QTLs (2006)

The Inbred Long Sleep (ILS) and Inbred Short Sleep (ISS) mouse strains have a 16-fold difference in duration of loss of the righting response (LORR) following administration of a sedative dose of ethanol. Four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been mapped in these strains for this trait. Underlying each of these QTLs must be one or more genetic differences (polymorphisms in either gene coding or regulatory regions) influencing ethanol sensitivity. Because prior studies have tended to focus on differences in coding regions, genome-wide expression profiling in cerebellum was used here to identify candidate genes for regulatory region differences in these two strains. Fifteen differentially expressed genes were found that map to the QTL regions and polymorphisms were identified in the promoter regions of four of these genes by direct sequencing of ILS and ISS genomic DNA. Polymorphisms in the promoters of three of these genes, Slc22a4, Rassf2, and Tax1bp3, disrupt putative transcription factor binding sites. Slc22a4 and another candidate, Xrcc5, have human orthologs that map to genomic regions associated with human ethanol sensitivity in genetic linkage studies. These genes represent novel candidates for the LORR phenotype and provide new targets for future studies into the neuronal processes underlying ethanol sensitivity.
A novel four zinc-finger protein targeted against p190BcrAbl fusion oncogene cDNA: utilisation of zinc-finger recognition codes (2000)

A three zinc-finger protein that binds specifically to the cDNA representing the unique fusion gene BCR:Abl, associated with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, has previously been characterised. At this breakpoint, a sequence homology of 8/9 bp exists between the BCR:Abl (fusion) and c-ABL: (parental) target sequences. We show that the three zinc-finger protein discriminates poorly between the fusion (BCR:Abl) and parental (ABL:) sequence (K:(d)s of 42.8 and 65.1 nM, respectively). In order to improve the discriminatory properties of this protein, and to demonstrate the utility of current zinc-finger databases, we have added a fourth zinc-finger to the original three zinc-finger protein. This fourth finger recognises a 3 bp subsite derived from the BCR: portion of the breakpoint and is not present in c-ABL: This novel four finger protein, which now recognises a 12 bp sequence, demonstrates improved specific binding to BcrAbl (K:(d )= 17 nM). More significantly we have shown that there is now enhanced discrimination between BcrAbl and ABL: sequences by the four finger protein than the original three finger protein.
Wireless Data Center Networks: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities (2018)

Data center networks (DCNs) are essential infrastructures to embrace the era of highly diversified massive amount of data generated by emerging technological applications. In order to store and process such a data deluge, today's DCNs have to deploy enormous length of wires to interconnect a plethora of servers and switches. Unfortunately, wired DCNs with uniform and inflexible link capacities expose several drawbacks such as high cabling cost and complexity, low space utilization, and lack of bandwidth efficiency. Wireless DCNs (WDCNs) have emerged as a promising solution to reduce the time, effort, and cost spent on deploying and maintaining the wires. Thanks to its reconfigurability and flexibility, WDCNs can deliver higher throughputs by efficiently utilizing the bandwidth and mitigate the chronic DCN problems of oversubscription and hotspots. Moreover, wireless links enhance the fault-tolerance and energy efficiency by eliminating the need for error-prone power-hungry switches. Accordingly, this paper first compares virtues and drawbacks of millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical wireless communications as potential candidates. Thereafter, an in-depth discussion on advances and challenges in WDCNs is provided including physical and virtual topology design, quality of service (QoS) provisioning, flow classification, data grooming, and load balancing. Finally, exciting research opportunities are presented to promote the prospects of WDCNs.
Ultrasonic Probing Of Complexly Shaped Joints (1993)

Technique developed involves use of ultrasonics to inspect first bond surfaces of solid-rocket-motor joints. By fitting pieces of insulating materials to mate exactly with complicated shapes of affected parts of insulation, complicated shapes redefined into simpler ones probed more easily. When technique used to insonify from insulation side, one readily detects difference between disbond and good bond. Same technique applied to field tang joints, field clevis joints, and aft-dome-to-fixed-nozzle-housing attachment points. Although developed for inspecting joints in solid rocket motors, also applicable to nondestructive evaluation of other complicated joints.
Biosimilars in der Dermatologie – Theorie wird Realität (2018)

Biosimilars sind biologische Medikamente, bei denen es sich um Nachbildungen eines spezifischen Referenzprodukts handelt. Biosimilars der Tumornekrosefaktor-alpha-Inhibitoren Infliximab und Etanercept sind bereits zugelassen und stehen für dermatologische Indikationen zur Verfügung. Die Aufsichtsbehörden verlangen eine eingehende Analyse der physikochemischen und funktionellen Eigenschaften dieser hochkomplexen Moleküle sowie klinische Daten hinsichtlich ihrer gleichwertigen Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit anhand mindestens einer klinischen Studie mit einer sensitiven und homogenen Population. Für die Zulassung in einem regulierten Arzneimittelmarkt muss daher nachgewiesen werden, dass die Biosimilars praktisch gleichwertig mit dem jeweiligen Originalpräparat sind. Demzufolge werden diese Daten von einem Molekül (dem Originator) auf das andere (das Biosimilar) extrapoliert und die resultierende Zulassung umfasst die gleichen Indikationen wie beim Originalpräparat. Die Extrapolation ist zwar gut akzeptiert und reguliert, es fehlen jedoch klare Empfehlungen hinsichtlich der Austauschbarkeit von Originator und Biosimilar ebenso wie Daten über mehrmalige aufeinanderfolgende Umstellungen. Die aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse stehen einer Anwendung von Biosimilars bei dermatologischen Indikationen nicht entgegen. Eine mehrmalige Umstellung der Biosimilars sollte jedoch sorgfältig überdacht werden. Um das Vertrauen in Biosimilars zu festigen und ihre Evidenz zu verbessern, ist es essentiell das spezifische Produkt, das jeder Patient erhält, möglichst genau und möglichst im Rahmen von Patientenregister zu dokumentieren.
Light and Humidity Induced Degradation and Grain Transformation in Mixed Cation Perovskites (2021)

The degradation of mixed cation perovskite under light and humidity was investigated by peak force infrared microscopy.
Distribution and biological features of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Tetranychus urticae, T. evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Aculops lycopersici (Acari: Eriophyidae) (2020)

The mite family Phytoseiidae contains predatory species used in biological control. However, among the 2,521 valid species, only a few are presently considered for pest management. The study focuses on a species, frequently observed in agrosystems, but whose biology is almost totally unknown: Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki. The objectives were to assess its distribution and to determine under laboratory conditions: (i) the development of three populations fed on three tomato pests (Tetranychus urticae, T. evansi, Aculops lycopersici), (ii) the dispersion along the tomato stem, and (iii) the dispersion from mint to infested tomato leaf discs. Based on its distribution, this species seems to be adapted to Mediterranean climate, and is preferentially found on Boraginaceae, Solanaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. Results show that T. (A.) recki is a generalist predator, with good performance regarding the number of prey consumed. Differences were observed between the populations considered; one population out of the three tested shows even a higher mean consumption of T. urticae than that recorded for Neoseiulus californicus and N. cucumeris. It is attracted by food source and is able to walk along the tomato stem. These results are encouraging enough to consider T. (A.) recki as a good natural enemy candidate for biological control (especially based on biodiversity conservation). Further experiments should be developed to test the predatory ability of this species at larger scale (entire tomato plants and tomato fields or greenhouses).
Ultrafast Electron Transfer from CdSe Quantum Dots to a [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Mimic (2021)

The combination of CdSe nanoparticles as photosensitizers and [FeFe]-hydrogenase mimics is known to result in efficient systems for light-driven hydrogen generation. Nevertheless, little is known about the details of the light-induced charge-transfer processes. Here we investigate the timescale of light-induced electron transfer between CdSe quantum dots and a simple [FeFe]-hydrogenase mimic adsorbed on the surface of the quantum dot under non-catalytic conditions. Our time-resolved spectroscopic investigation shows that hot electron transfer on a sub-ps timescale and band-edge electron transfer on a sub-10-ps timescale occurs. Fast recombination is observed in the absence of a sacrificial agent or protons, which under real catalytic conditions would quench remaining holes or could stabilize the charge separation.
Latest Progress in Designs and Testings of PIP-II Power Couplers (2019)

Proton Improvement Plan – II (PIP-II) project is under go in Fermi National Laboratory. Main part of the project is 800 MeV proton superconducting accelerator which includes 116 superconducting cavities of 5 different types and three 162.5, 325 and 650 MHz frequencies. Key elements of accelerator which determine a reliable operation are main couplers for superconducting cavities. This paper describes the latest progress in design and testing of main couplers for PIP-II projects.
A new mixer for sensor applications (2002)

A new configuration of a gate mixer associated with a dual-polarized patch antenna was experimentally investigated for the first time. A gain of 5-7 dB was obtained at local oscillator (LO) power of -17 dBm at the device terminals. The new configuration with low pumping power can significantly simplify the design of the LO sensor chain compared to the ordinary configuration which consumes 3-8 dBm per device.
Design of a Low-Cost Synthetic Aperture Radar for Continuous Ship Monitoring (2021)

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems have unique imaging capabilities that are suitable for several Earth observation applications. This paper proposes a new concept for the design of a low-cost SAR for a single dedicated application, namely illegal vessel detection, that can be implemented using a small satellite and is characterized by reduced transmit power and high resolution. Minimum requirements in terms of noise-equivalent sigma zero (NESZ) and resolution that ensure acceptable detection performance are derived, by using TerraSAR-X data to retrieve the intensity distribution of typical ships. One peculiarity of the design is that a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) much smaller than the nominal Doppler bandwidth is selected to ensure a wider swath but still guaranteeing a high azimuth resolution. A design example of a system in X band imaging a 50-km ground swath and characterized by an average transmit power of only 15 W is presented.
Endogenous RGS Protein Action Modulates μ-Opioid Signaling through Gαo (2003)

RGS (regulators of G protein signaling) proteins are GTPase-activating proteins for the Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins and act to regulate signaling by rapidly cycling G protein. RGS proteins may integrate receptors and signaling pathways by physical or kinetic scaffolding mechanisms. To determine whether this results in enhancement and/or selectivity of agonist signaling, we have prepared C6 cells stably expressing the mu-opioid receptor and either pertussis toxin-insensitive or RGS- and pertussis toxin-insensitive Galpha(o). We have compared the activation of G protein, inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, stimulation of intracellular calcium release, and activation of the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway between cells expressing mutant Galpha(o) that is either RGS-insensitive or RGS-sensitive. The mu-receptor agonist [d-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Gly(5)-ol]enkephalin and partial agonist morphine were much more potent and/or had an increased maximal effect in inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and in activating MAPK in cells expressing RGS-insensitive Galpha(o). In contrast, mu-opioid agonist increases in intracellular calcium were less affected. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the GTPase-activating protein activity of RGS proteins provides a control that limits agonist action through effector pathways and may contribute to selectivity of activation of intracellular signaling pathways.
Phase matching in tellurite/ phospho-tellurite hybrid microstructured optical fiber (2012)

The microstructured optical fibers have been considered in this paper due to their unique nonlinear properties. These optical fibers have enormous potential and they are also unrestraint to tailor the design for obtaining promising dispersion properties. It has been observed that conversion efficiency significantly increases when nonlinear contribution to propagation constant is considered for phase matching. The phase matching have been obtained for even and higher order dispersion with the optical pump pulse conditions. The coupled mode theory along with nonlinear Schrödinger equation has been used to reveal the optical properties of telluride/phospho-tellurite hybrid microstructured optical fiber. The paper has been focused to investigate the effective index, pulse propagation intensity and quasi phase matching.
Design and comparison of CMOS Current Mode Logic latches (2004)

A comprehensive study of the MOS Current Mode Logic (MCML) is presented. Operation of a conventional MCML latch is analyzed and some modified structures are described. A novel structure is proposed for increased stability with reduced delay parameters. General problems with single-ended to differential conversion are addressed. Comparative performance measures of Master-Slave (MS) latches are presented in a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Bone metabolism biomarkers in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (2019)

Despite representing 85% of all scoliosis cases, the aetiological mechanism of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) remains elusive. Several historical studies have shown correlations between lower bone mineral density (BMD) and altered bone metabolism markers in AIS patients when compared to non-scoliotic controls. Hormonal and biochemical influences of bone metabolism appear particularly significant, however, wholistic blood and urine analyses have yet to be conducted. We hypothesised that abnormal levels of bone remodelling biomarkers would be observed in AIS patients. The study results suggest that AIS patients have an altered bone metabolic/hormonal milieu, as demonstrated by significantly increased serum osteocalcin above normal ranges. This may be paired to the actions of PTH and/or ALP levels, but direct examination of their humoral pathways is needed to define the primary hormone altering bone metabolism within AIS. Future analysis of patient BMDs from vertebral body bone samples taken during surgery will provide direct pairing of metabolic profiles and actual bone quality for the first time in AIS.
Nucleation rate reduction through stress relief of thermally annealed hydrogenated amorphous silicon films (2013)

The effect of film stress on crystallite nucleation is investigated in 0.11 μm thick, thermally annealed hydrogenated amorphous silicon films. Using a recently developed optical method, the crystallite density is measured as the films are isochronally annealed at 600 °C, which enables the determination of the crystallite nucleation rate. This rate is significantly suppressed around scratches, cleaved film edges, and laser ablated areas, extending laterally as much as 100–150 μm from these regions where the film connectivity is disrupted. μ-Raman measurements of the transverse optical mode of Si demonstrate an accompanying reduction in tensile stress in the regions where nucleation is suppressed. The first measurements of nucleation rate in stress and in stress relieved areas in the same film are presented.
The Feasibility of Implanting a Microphone into Mouthguards for Sleep Apnea Assessment (2012)

Frontiers Abstracts The Feasibility of Implanting a Microphone into Mouthguards for Sleep Apnea Assessment Udeesha Annakkage, Udeesha Annakkage Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ali Azarbarzin, Ali Azarbarzin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaE-health,TRLabs, Winnipeg, Manitoba Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Zahra Moussavi Zahra Moussavi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaE-health,TRLabs, Winnipeg, ManitobaRiverview Health Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information Udeesha Annakkage Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Ali Azarbarzin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaE-health,TRLabs, Winnipeg, Manitoba Zahra Moussavi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, ManitobaE-health,TRLabs, Winnipeg, ManitobaRiverview Health Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba J. Med. Devices. Mar 2012, 6(1): 017567 (1 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026745 Published Online: March 12, 2012 Article history Received: May 27, 2011 Revision Received: November 7, 2011
Acceptability of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system and etonogestrel implant: One-year results of an observational study (2011)

Both the LNG-IUS and the ENG implant are highly acceptable contraceptive options among women with previous experience of oral contraceptive use. The highest continuation and satisfaction rates were observed with the LNG-IUS.
<title>Incorporation of texture in multispectral synthetic image generation tools</title> (1995)

The digital imaging and remote sensing synthetic image generation (DIRSIG) model emphasizes quantitative prediction of the radiance reaching sensors with bandpass values between 0.28 and 20.0 micrometers . The model embodies a rigorous end-to-end spectral modeling of radiation propagation, absorption and scattering, target temperatures based on meteorological history, extensive directional target-background interactions, and detector responsivities. This paper describes texture quantification, the spectral-spatial correlation of textures, texture collection and generation methods. Finally, we describe how DIRSIG generates texture on a pixel by pixel basis and maintains the spectral correlation of targets between bands.