gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probing sialoglycans on fetal bovine fetuin with azido-sugars using glycosyltransferases (2015)

Sialic acids are negatively charged sugar residues commonly found on the terminal positions of most glycoproteins. They play important roles in the stability and solubility of these proteins. Due to their unique positioning, they also frequently act as receptors for various ligands, and therefore are involved in numerous cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. Here, using in vitro incorporation of clickable monosaccharides with various glycosyltransferases, we probed the sialoglycans on fetal bovine fetuin. The incorporated monosaccharides were detected with chemiluminescence via click chemistry in a format of western blotting. The results indicate that the non-reducing end Gal residues on both Nand O-glycans are fully sialylated, but the peptide-linked GalNAc residues in O-glycans are not. The presence of sialyl core-1 glycan was repeatedly confirmed by probing with -2,3-sialyltransferases, N-acetylgalactosaminide -2,6-sialyltransferases and a -1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that is specific for core-1 glycan. The results also suggest the presence of a minute amount of sialyl Tn antigen on the protein.
Growth of high‐quality thick AlGaN by high‐temperature metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2008)

Abstract The growth of thick AlGaN on a c‐plane sapphire substrate covered with an AlN layer was conducted by high‐temperature (HT‐) metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The composition of AlGaN can be controlled by adjusting the growth temperature and V/III ratio. The use of an HT‐AlN template extremely improves the crystalline quality of the thick AlGaN layer. In addition, the crystalline quality measured by X‐ray diffraction and TEM showed that the FWHMs of X‐ray rocking curves (XRCs) for both tilt and twist distributions and the dislocation density in AlGaN are almost the same as those in the underlying HT‐AlN template for the Al composition from 0.2 to 1. A thick and crack‐free Al0.89Ga0.11N layer with the FWHMs of XRCs for tilt and twist distributions as narrow as 177 arcsec and 457 arcsec, respectively, were successfully grown. An extremely smooth and atomic‐size step with a RMS surface roughness as small as 0.35 nm over a 5 µm × 5 µm scan was observed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Failure analysis of thermally and mechanically stressed plastic core solder balls (2013)

Plastic Core Solder Balls (PCSB) offer improved mechanical compliance compared to traditional solder balls in assemblies where materials with significantly different coefficient of thermal expansion are present. However, failure mechanisms for systems with lead free PCSB have not been studied sufficiently to allow direct replacement in applications for harsh environments. An assembly of a ceramic carrier onto an organic circuit board intended for application in a harsh environment subsea has been studied with regard to replacement of traditional lead free solder balls with lead free PCSB. Assembled test vehicles were exposed to mechanical and thermal environmental stress testing and failure analysis performed. Degradation of the PCSBs was observed in electrical measurements and in studies of cross sectioned test vehicles. Cracks were observed in relation to formation of intermetallic compounds and a suggestion is made with regard to improvement of the metal system of the PCSBs.
Automatic retrieval of similar content using search engine query interface (2009)

We consider the coverage testing problem where we are given a document and a corpus with a limited query interface and asked to find if the corpus contains a near-duplicate of the document. This problem has applications in search engines for competitive coverage testing. To solve this problem, we propose approaches that work in three main steps: generate a query signature from the document, query the corpus using the query signature and scrape the returned results, and validate the similarity between the input document and the returned results. We discuss techniques to control and bound the performance of these methods. We perform large-scale experimental validation and show that these methods perform well across different search engine corpora and documents in multiple languages. They also are robust against performance parameter variations.
Micro-Robotic Actuation Units Based on Thin-Film Piezoelectric and High-Aspect Ratio Polymer Structures (2014)

A fabrication procedure is presented for creating microactuation elements that link piezoelectric thin-films with high-aspect ratio parylene microstructures. Resulting actuators permit relatively large rotational motions for low voltage operation, while maintaining large weight-bearing capacity. Actuator fabrication is performed on a silicon wafer though a combination of metal and thin-film lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) deposition and patterning, parylene refill of high-aspect ratio trenches, and dry release of moving parts from the silicon substrate. Static and dynamic responses of various test structures are measured, to estimate material properties of the integrated PZT-polymer structures, for use in future actuator modeling and optimization.
Resonance Hyper-Raman Excitation Profiles and Two-Photon States of a Donor−Acceptor Substituted Polyene (2005)

Resonance Raman and resonance hyper-Raman spectra and excitation profiles have been measured for a "push-pull" donor-acceptor substituted conjugated polyene bearing a julolidine donor group and a nitrophenyl acceptor group, in acetone at excitation wavelengths from 485 to 356 nm (two-photon wavelengths for the nonlinear spectra). These wavelengths span the strong visible to near-UV linear absorption spectrum, which appears to involve at least three different electronic transitions. The relative intensities of different vibrational bands vary considerably across the excitation spectrum, with the hyper-Raman spectra showing greater variation than the linear Raman. A previously derived theory of resonance hyper-Raman intensities is modified to include contributions from purely vibrational levels of the ground electronic state as intermediate states in the two-photon absorption process. These contributions are found to have only a slight effect on the hyper-Rayleigh intensities and profiles, but they significantly influence some of the hyper-Raman profiles. The absorption spectrum and the Raman, hyper-Rayleigh, and hyper-Raman excitation profiles are quantitatively simulated under the assumption that three excited electronic states contribute to the one- and two-photon absorption in this region. The transition centered near 400 nm is largely localized on the nitrophenyl group, while the transitions near 475 and 355 nm are more delocalized.
New DGK Gene Mutations in the Hepatocerebral Form of Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (2005)

These data confirm that DGK mutations typically affect the liver and brain.
Influence of ischemic and infarcted tissue on the surface potential (2003)

The influence of ischemic and infarcted tissue on the body-surface potential was investigated. A cellular automaton was employed for modeling the heart's specialized conduction system, junction points, action potentials, and fiber orientation. The cellular automaton generated a transmembrane potential distribution providing the source distribution for the electrocardiographic forward problem. The body-surface potential was calculated with a bidomain-based forward model of a patient's volume conductor. Several scenarios were simulated including anterior and posterior myocardial infarction. The simulations demonstrated the influence on the body-surface potential displaying ST elevations and depressions as well as changes in polarity depending on the location of the ischemic region and electrode position.
Zum Thema (2012)

Von Immanuel Kant liest man, er habe in seinem Haus kein Bild geduldet außer einem einzigen, welches das Porträt Rousseaus zeigte. Man mag sich fragen, was die ungewöhnliche Liebeserklärung zu bedeuten hatte: Genügte es dem Philosophen in diesem Fall nicht, sich an die Texte zu halten? War etwas an Rousseau, was ihn von allen anderen Denkern so gründlich unterschied, dass es nicht ausreichte, seine Werke zu besitzen, und man sich auch seines Bildes versichern musste? Was hätten die Gesichtszüge Rousseaus der Lektüre seiner Schriften hinzufügen können, was mehr gewesen wäre als deren bestätigendes Echo? Niemand hätte diese Frage besser beantworten können als Rousseau selbst, der bis heute seinen Rang als anerkannte Autorität in allen Fragen von Übertragung, Gegenübertragung und Projektion behauptet, gegen Nietzsche, gegen Freud, auch gegen alle literarischen Banker der libidinösen Ökonomie.
Modifications of Gianturco expandable wire stents (1988)

Modifications of Gianturco expandable wire stentsBT Uchida, JS Putnam and J RoschAudio Available | Share
Chemotherapy-Induced Activation of Hemostasis: Effect of a Low Molecular Weight Heparin (Dalteparin Sodium) on Plasma Markers of Hemostatic Activation (2002)

Chemotherapy results in significant hemostatic activation in patients with breast and lung cancer. The effect of treatment appears to be cumulative. A single dose of LMW heparin administered prior to therapy can suppress hemostatic activation.
Avenues to integrate and improve care: Surgeon attitudes toward end-of-life care. (2012)

16 Background: To examine urology trainees’ views about the quality and current practices of end-of-life care, and to explore strategies for improving integration and quality of care. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 urology trainees from four institutions in different regions of the United States. Stage of training ranged from intern to senior urologic oncology fellow; all were clinically active at busy academic institutions caring for many patients with advanced malignancies. Open-ended questions allowed participants to express themselves independently, and follow-up discussions explored their perception of current end-of-life practices, as well as avenues for future integration and improvement. We analyzed transcripts using a multi-stage, cutting-and-sorting technique in an inductive approach based on grounded theory analysis. Results: Clinicians unanimously agreed that their patients do not currently receive ideal care and were unanimously interested in joining a team geared towards improving care at the end-of-life. They expressed a preference for a multidisciplinary team, although the precise role each wanted to play within the team varied. Better identification of depression, pain, and patient-centered goals to allow value-congruent care were high in priorities for improvement. Trainees sited the lack of an educational curriculum on end-of-life care as a barrier to improving care, and expressed a desire for formal education on this topic. Conclusions: Urology trainees do not think that current care at the end-of-life is ideal for patients, and are interested in participating as part of a multidisciplinary team to better care for these individuals. There was a unanimous consensus that end-of-life care should be formally taught to all intern and resident physicians, and care at the end-of-life must be integrated to pursue value-congruent care for each patient. In response to the information gathered, we built a web-based, interactive, self-directed learning module emphasizing high-quality end-of-life care, issues to address with patients during clinic visits, and integration of end-of-life care. We have also integrated palliative care into the team caring for our patients with advanced disease.
Clinical Outcomes of Sequential Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments and an Extended Range of Vision Intraocular Lens Implantation in Patients with Keratoconus and Cataract (2018)

Sequential Ferrara-type ICRS and an extended range of vision IOL implantation provided good visual and refractive outcomes, being an effective, safe, and predictable procedure for the treatment of selected cases of patients with keratoconus and cataract. In addition, this approach provides an increase of tolerance to defocus.
Cementoplasty in the Treatment of Avascular Necrosis of the Hip (2009)

Despite early relief of pain, the results of the cementoplasty technique were disappointing, with need for arthroplasty surgery in most cases within 2 years. Alternative percutaneous techniques using different filler materials with osteoinductive properties should be evaluated in further studies.
Loop-Based Circularly Polarized Grid Array Antenna With Edge Excitation (2013)

A loop-based grid array antenna (GAA) is proposed. The GAA is excited at one edge of the array and terminated to the ground plane at the other edge through a resistor. It is found that the proposed GAA, designated as the prototype GAA, has a frequency scanning function, with two circularly polarized (CP) frequency regions and a non-CP broadside-radiation frequency region. Subsequently, an advanced loop-based GAA is investigated to change the non-CP broadside radiation to CP radiation. For this, perturbation elements are added to the loops. It is revealed that the perturbation elements make the current flow along the loops in a traveling wave fashion. The advanced GAA has a seamless CP frequency scanning beam. The gain bandwidth is 23% (from 5.4 to 6.8 GHz), where the axial ratio is less than 3 dB, the radiation beam scans 51 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> (from -22 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> to +29 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> ), and the VSWR exhibits an acceptable value (less than 2.5) for practical applications.
Determination of Urinary Protein with o-Sulfophenylfluorone-Niobium(V) Complex (2008)

色素としてo-スルホフェニルフルオロン（SPF），金属イオンとしてニオブ（V）｛Nb(V)｝すなわち｛SPF－Nb(V)｝錯体を用いる簡便，迅速で高感度な尿タンパク質の吸光光度定量法を開発した．本法は反応時間が短く，共存物質の影響も少なく，現在汎用されているピロガロールレッド－モリブデン錯体法（PR法）の約1.2以上倍の定量感度を示し，また低濃度においても再現性良く測定できた．ヒト尿タンパク質分析において本法とPR法との相関係数はr＝0.914であった．更に，本法のキット化への応用として，混合試薬を作製したところ，吸光光度定量法とほぼ同程度の感度を示し，操作の煩雑さが解消できた．目視測定への利用として白色滴板上での点滴反応について検討を行った結果，低濃度域においても十分目視検出が可能であることが確認できた．
On normalized belief of Gaussian BP in correlated large MIMO channels (2016)

This paper proposes a normalized belief with the aid of node selection (NS) method in Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP) detection especially for a large multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) configurations in bands below 6 GHz. GaBP is known as an efficient detector regarding low computational complexity as well as high detection capability only if the BS has hundreds of receive antennas and each antenna experiences uncorrelated fading. When the wavelength is long such as below 6 GHz, we face two inconvenient problems for the GaBP detection. The first one is a limitation that a base station (BS) has tens of antennas at most. Another one is impairments induced by spatial fading correlation in the BS side. As a result, GaBP is subject to ill convergence behavior of iterative detection due to lack of channel hardening effects obtained by a massive number of uncorrelated receive antennas. To improve the convergence property, we propose the novel normalized belief that is adaptively scaled according to the instantaneous channel state. Finally, we demonstrate the validity of the normalized belief with the aid of NS methods, in terms of suppression of bit error rate (BER) floor.
On-Chip 3-D Model for Millimeter-Wave T-Lines with Gap Discontinuity in BiCMOS Technology (2007)

Although the discontinuity structures in the microstrip transmission lines such as a gap have been largely studied, the three-dimensional edge effects, skin effects and metal losses have hardly been analyzed in the model. In this paper, an accurate model which enable high predictability for electrical behavior of on-chip 3-D transmission line with gap discontinuity is developed from equations generated with conformal mapping techniques. The model has also been used to develope gap as a library device with schematic symbol, layout parameterized cell (PCell). T-line with gap has been implemented with back end of line (BEOL) in 0.13 mum SiGe BiCMOS technology. Good correlations have been achieved up to 120 GHz among EM simulation, measurement and model, less than 2.3deg phase difference and less than 1.59 dB coupling magnitude have been achieved for all the cases. The model is scalable and can be used for the design of mm-wave passive components as well as the guideline for high density interconnects layout.
An Easily Prepared, Air‐Stable Compound with a Triple Metal‐to‐Metal (MoMo) Bond (1979)

A “simple” fourfold bridged MoMo triple bond is present in the purple-red complex (1) which is formed by slow mixing of the reactants listed below. “Simple” MM bonds do not contain δ bonding (σ4 π4).
Copper dry etching with precise wafer-temperature control using Cl2 gas as a single reactant (1997)

Cu lines 0.25 μm wide are successfully patterned by high-temperature dry etching without sidewall protection of the deposited films. Use of Cl2 gas as a single reactant rather than a mixture of gaseous chlorine compounds is the key to this anisotropic etching. This reactant suppresses the side etching of Cu patterns without creating a residue when the wafer temperature is precisely controlled between 230 and 270 °C. In our fundamental examination by simulation, we found that the thermal reaction rate reaches a minimum at about 200 °C, and this minimum is much lower than the ion-assisted reaction rate in the actual patterning. This peculiar result is due to the transition of the rate-limiting steps which is caused by the depletion of the CuClx layer on the Cu surface. That is, the formation of Cu3Cl3 appears to be a rate-limiting step at temperatures above 200 °C, while the dissociative adsorption of Cl2 is a rate-limiting step at lower temperatures. The anisotropy in the actual patterning is attributed to the intrinsic suppression of Cu3Cl3 formation at temperatures ranging from 230 to 270 °C.
Fluxome analysis of C13‐pyruvate reveals differential metabolic responses between heart, liver and red blood cells following endotoxemia (2010)

The systemic inflammatory response results in a “hypermetabolic” state; yet, metabolic changes are not clearly understood. The objective was to determine glycolytic, TCA and PPP metabolites, amino acids and ATP levels in heart, liver and red blood cells. C57BL/6 mice (30‐35g) were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 40mg/kg). Six hours post LPS, C13‐pyruvate (a key intermediate metabolite) was administered subcutaneously. At 20, 40 and 60 minutes, heart, liver and RBCs were collected. Labeled metabolites were measured using capillary electrophoresis ‐ mass spectrometry, quantified by calculating the AUC/t0‐60 and expressed relative to control. The RBC preferentially metabolized pyruvate (9‐fold increase) compared to heart (1.2‐fold increase) or liver (‐2.1‐fold decrease), and was a net lactate source (2.1‐fold increase). Glycolytic intermediates increased in the heart, but decreased in the RBC, while TCA intermediates decreased in the heart. The liver showed increased amino acids. ATP was stable in heart, but decreased in liver and RBC. Endotoxemia induces differential metabolic responses between tissues. Support: Global COE Program for Metabolomics Systems Biology, MEXT, Japan.
Scaling properties in spatial networks and their effects on topology and traffic dynamics (2010)

Empirical studies on the spatial structures in several real transport networks reveal that the distance distribution in these networks obeys power law. To discuss the influence of the power-law exponent on the network's structure and function, a spatial network model is proposed. Based on a regular network and subject to a limited cost $C$, long range connections are added with power law distance distribution $P(r)=ar^{-\delta}$. Some basic topological properties of the network with different $\delta$ are studied. It is found that the network has the smallest average shortest path when $\delta=2$. Then a traffic model on this network is investigated. It is found that the network with $\delta=1.5$ is best for the traffic process. All of these results give us some deep understandings about the relationship between spatial structure and network function.
Transcriptional profiling of matched patient biopsies clarifies molecular determinants of enzalutamide-induced lineage plasticity (2022)

The androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitor enzalutamide (enza) is one of the principal treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Several emergent enza clinical resistance mechanisms have been described, including lineage plasticity in which the tumors manifest reduced dependency on the AR. To improve our understanding of enza resistance, herein we analyze the transcriptomes of matched biopsies from men with metastatic CRPC obtained prior to treatment and at progression (n = 21). RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrates that enza does not induce marked, sustained changes in the tumor transcriptome in most patients. However, three patients' progression biopsies show evidence of lineage plasticity. The transcription factor E2F1 and pathways linked to tumor stemness are highly activated in baseline biopsies from patients whose tumors undergo lineage plasticity. We find a gene signature enriched in these baseline biopsies that is strongly associated with poor survival in independent patient cohorts and with risk of castration-induced lineage plasticity in patient-derived xenograft models, suggesting that tumors harboring this gene expression program may be at particular risk for resistance mediated by lineage plasticity and poor outcomes.
Promising operational stability of high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (2013)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are attractive for next-generation displays and lighting applications because of their potential for high electroluminescence (EL) efficiency, flexibility and low-cost manufacture. Although phosphorescent emitters containing rare metals such as iridium or platinum produce devices with high EL efficiency, these metals are expensive and their blue emission remains unreliable for practical applications. Recently, a new route to high EL efficiency using materials that emit through thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) was demonstrated. However, it is unclear whether devices that emit through TADF, which originates from the contributions of triplet excitons, are reliable. Here we demonstrate highly efficient, stable OLEDs that emit via TADF by controlling the position of the carrier recombination zone, resulting in projected lifetimes comparable to those of tris(2-phenylpyridinato)iridium(III)-based reference OLEDs. Our results indicate that TADF is intrinsically stable under electrical excitation and optimization of the surrounding materials will enhance device reliability.