gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced hybrid particulate collector, a new concept for air toxics and fine-particle control (1997)

A new concept in particulate control, called an advanced hybrid particulate collector (AHPC), is being developed at the Energy& Environmental Research Center (EERC) under U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funding. The AHPC combines the best features of electrostatic precipitators (ESPS) and baghouses in a manner that has not been done before. The AHPC concept combines filtration and electrostatics in the same box, providing major synergism between the two collection methods, both in the particulate collection step and in transfer of dust to the hopper. The AHPC provides ultrahigh collection efficiency, overcoming the problem of excessive fine-particle emissions with conventional ESPS and solves the problem of reentrainment and recollection of dust in conventional baghouses. The objective of the project is to develop a highly reliable AHPC that can provide >99.99% particulate collection efficiency for particle sizes from 0.01 to 50 μm, is applicable for use with all U.S. coals, and is cost-competitive with existing technologies.
Two-Dimensional Nanoassemblies from Plasmonic Matryoshka Nanoframes (2021)

Two-dimensional (2D) plasmonic nanoassemblies are programmable ultrathin materials that one can, in principle, adjust the size and shape of their constituent building blocks to fine-tune collective optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. Here, we report a new 2D nanoassembly from structurally complex plasmonic building blocks, namely, matryoshka-like gold (Au) nanoframes. Using a seed-mediated alternating deposition of Au and silver (Ag) elements in conjunction with a selective etching process, we obtain monodisperse matryoshka-like Au nanoframes with a nesting number (Nn) of up to 5. A cubic nanoframe displays dominant intraplasmonic coupling attributed to bonding and antibonding dipolar modes, which shift to blue and red, respectively, with an increased Nn. Combined with polystyrene (PS) ligand exchange and drying-mediated self-assembly, the approach mentioned above can be used to produce 2D plasmonic matryoshka nanoassemblies. Both experimental and simulation results demonstrate the presence of intra- and inter-ridge plasmonic coupling in the nanoassemblies. The 5-nested nanomatryoshka assemblies exhibit a Raman enhancement 14-fold greater than those with 1-nested cubic nanomatryoshka, demonstrating the dominant intraridge hot spot effects. Taking advantage of interparticle distance-dependent optical transparency of 2D matryoshka nanoframe assemblies, we further demonstrate temperature-enabled encryption/decryption using thermoresponsive polymers.
Fabrication of Calcium Phosphate‐Based Nanocomposites Incorporating DNA Origami, Gold Nanorods, and Anticancer Drugs for Biomedical Applications (2017)

DNA origami is designed by folding DNA strands at the nanoscale with arbitrary control. Due to its inherent biological nature, DNA origami is used in drug delivery for enhancement of synergism and multidrug resistance inhibition, cancer diagnosis, and many other biomedical applications, where it shows great potential. However, the inherent instability and low payload capacity of DNA origami restrict its biomedical applications. Here, this paper reports the fabrication of an advanced biocompatible nano-in-nanocomposite, which protects DNA origami from degradation and facilities drug loading. The DNA origami, gold nanorods, and molecular targeted drugs are co-incorporated into pH responsive calcium phosphate [Ca<sub>3</sub> (PO<sub>4</sub> )<sub>2</sub> ] nanoparticles. Subsequently, a thin layer of phospholipid is coated onto the Ca<sub>3</sub> (PO<sub>4</sub> )<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle to offer better biocompatibility. The fabricated nanocomposite shows high drug loading capacity, good biocompatibility, and a photothermal and pH-responsive payload release profile and it fully protects DNA origami from degradation. The codelivery of DNA origami with cancer drugs synergistically induces cancer cell apoptosis, reduces the multidrug resistance, and enhances the targeted killing efficiency toward human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive cells. This nanocomposite is foreseen to open new horizons for a variety of clinical and biomedical applications.
Greater Border Lakes Region land cover classification and change detection (2012)

This archive contains research data collected and/or funded by Forest Service Research and Development (FS R&D), U.S. Department of Agriculture. It is a resource for accessing both short and long-term FS R&D research data, which includes Experimental Forest and Range data. It is a way to both preserve and share the quality science of our researchers.
Venipuncture and intravenous infusion access during zero-gravity flight (1991)

The purpose of this experiment is to establish the difficulty associated with securing an intravenous (IV) catheter in place in microgravity flight and the techniques applicable in training the Crew Medical Officer (CMO) for Space Station Freedom, as well as aiding in the selection of appropriate hardware and supplies for the Health Maintenance Facility (HMF). The objectives are the following: (1) to determine the difficulties associated with venipuncture in a microgravity environment; (2) to evaluate the various methods of securing an IV catheter and attached tubing for infusion with regard to the unique environment; (3) to evaluate the various materials available for securing an intravenous catheter in place; and (4) to evaluate the fluid therapy administration system when functioning in a complete system. The inflight test procedures and other aspects of the KC-135 parabolic flight test to simulate microgravity are presented.
The Bondability and Reliability of a Ternary Ag Alloy Wire on an Al Bonding Pad under N<sub>2</sub>-Free Conditions (2018)

Generally, high-purity 99.99% Au wires are mainly used for electrical connection to transmit and receive data between an Al bonding pad and a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate in semiconductor devices. However, there have been several studies to reduce the cost of expensive Au wires due to the sharp increase in the price of Au. Thus, Ag and Cu alloy wires have been mainly considered as alternative materials.
Robot Policy Learning from Demonstration Using Advantage Weighting and Early Termination (2022)

Learning robotic tasks in the real world is still highly challenging and effective practical solutions remain to be found. Traditional methods used in this area are imitation learning and reinforcement learning, but they both have limitations when applied to real robots. Combining reinforcement learning with pre-collected demonstrations is a promising approach that can help in learning control policies to solve robotic tasks. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that uses novel techniques to leverage offline expert data using offline and online training to obtain faster convergence and improved performance. The proposed algorithm (AWET) weights the critic losses with a novel agent advantage weight to improve over the expert data. In addition, AWET makes use of an automatic early termination technique to stop and discard policy rollouts that are not similar to expert trajectories -- to prevent drifting far from the expert data. In an ablation study, AWET showed improved and promising performance when compared to state-of-the-art baselines on four standard robotic tasks.
A Study on HILS of Fluid Switching Transmission (2006)

As a continuous variable transmission, the authors proposed a fluid switching transmission (EST). In this study, the process of developing the control system for the EST using hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HIES) is studied. The precise simulation model of EST was proposed at first. In the simulation model, dynamics and torque loss of the components were considered. In the HIES, the simulation model was run in real time as a target of the controller to be developed. The design process and experimental results using the HIES are discussed in this paper
Phytochemical Profiles of Targionia lorbeeriana: Grown in vitro and in the Open (2001)

The terpenoid constituents of Targionia lorbeeriana grown in vivo and in vitro were compared. The analysis of the dichloromethane extract was performed by HPLC-UV and by HPLC-MS. The obtained results revealed that the sesquiterpene lactones isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the wild Targionia lorbeeriana were also produced by the liverwort in in vitro cultures, in the same relative amounts. The composition of essential oils was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. Both, the yield and diversity of the essential oil obtained from wild growing T. lorbeeriana gametophytes were higher than those growing in vitro. Although, a significant number of compounds produced in vivo were maintained in vitro, a considerable number of other ones were not detected. Instead, under in vitro conditions, some new compounds were found which do not accumulate under wild conditions.
Genome-Wide Urea Response in Rice Genotypes Contrasting for Nitrogen Use Efficiency (2023)

Rice is an ideal crop for improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), especially with urea, its predominant fertilizer. There is a paucity of studies on rice genotypes contrasting for NUE. We compared low urea-responsive transcriptomes of contrasting rice genotypes, namely Nidhi (low NUE) and Panvel1 (high NUE). Transcriptomes of whole plants grown with media containing normal (15 mM) and low urea (1.5 mM) revealed 1497 and 2819 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Nidhi and Panvel1, respectively, of which 271 were common. Though 1226 DEGs were genotype-specific in Nidhi and 2548 in Panvel1, there was far higher commonality in underlying processes. High NUE is associated with the urea-responsive regulation of other nutrient transporters, miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs) and better photosynthesis, water use efficiency and post-translational modifications. Many of their genes co-localized to NUE-QTLs on chromosomes 1, 3 and 9. A field evaluation under different doses of urea revealed better agronomic performance including grain yield, transport/uptake efficiencies and NUE of Panvel1. Comparison of our urea-based transcriptomes with our previous nitrate-based transcriptomes revealed many common processes despite large differences in their expression profiles. Our model proposes that differential involvement of transporters and TFs, among others, contributes to better urea uptake, translocation, utilization, flower development and yield for high NUE.
Performance optimization of block matching in 3D echocardiography (2009)

The introduction of real time 3D echocardiography allows for deformation tracking in three dimensions, without the limitations of 2D methods. However, the processing needs of 3D methods are much higher. The aim of the study was to optimize the performance of 3D block matching by using a Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) model, a technique employed to achieve data level parallelism. Two implementations of SIMD have been tested. The first is based on Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE), the second uses CUDA, a SIMD architecture proposed by NVIDIA, which is available on several graphics cards. The proposed methods have been validated on synthetic and patient data. With the use of SIMD architecture, the overall processing time is significantly reduced, thus making 3D speckle tracking feasible in a clinical setting. Apart from the implemented sum of square differences (SAD), other matching criteria (e.g. sum of squared differences, normalized cross correlation) can be implemented efficiently (especially on the GPU) thus further improving the accuracy of the block matching process.
Calcium binding by human erythrocyte membranes (1971)

1. The characteristics of Ca(2+) binding to haemoglobin-free human erythrocyte membranes were investigated by using (45)Ca and centrifugation partition of ;ghosts' from their external incubation medium. Equilibrium of ;ghosts' with external Ca(2+) required less than 15min. 2. The binding did not vary with temperature in the range 0-37 degrees C. 3. At pH7.4 ;ghosts' bound a maximum of 283mumol of Ca(2+)/g of ;ghost' protein, equivalent to 6.85x10(7) Ca(2+) ions per cell. 4. Increasing the ionic strength from 0.01 to 0.46 diminished Ca(2+) binding, as did ATP in concentrations ranging from 0 to 15mm in the incubation medium. 5. An increase of the pH from 3.0 to 9.3 caused a marked increase in the amount of Ca(2+) bound. 6. Extraction of (45)Ca-labelled ;ghosts' with chloroform-methanol showed that the distribution of Ca(2+) was: 79% protein-bound, 16% lipid-bound, 5% in the aqueous phase, presumably non-bound. Most of the lipid-bound Ca(2+) (about 80%) was associated with a phospholipid fraction containing phosphatidylserine, phosphoinositides and phosphatidylethanolamine, giving a molar Ca(2+): phosphorus ratio of about 1:2.
A Cost-Effective Alternative Method of Deploying Perforating Devices in High-Angle Wells (2011)

Abstract In wells with high angles and horizontal well geometry, wireline-conveyed perforating devices have limits on their ability to be deployed into the wellbore after the final casing string has been set. In such cases, perforating devices have to be conveyed either on tubular such as coil tubing/jointed tubing/drillpipe or pulled into the well with a tractor to reach the target depths. This procedure, in turn, requires that either the drilling rig be retained or that it be replaced with a workover unit in order to perforate the well. A new method has been devised which involves the use of a simple cement wiper plug system with a high pressure/high temperature (HPHT) rupture disc located in the top plug. This method can be used to install and cement the casing and to provide a means of deploying wireline perforating equipment. Once the cement is pumped into the well, it is displaced by means of a calculated amount of retarded mix water, which is designed to be pumped behind the top plug. When the top plug is bumped and latched into the float shoe, the casing may be tested and the rupture disc burst, enabling the fluid to clear the float shoe and a predetermined area of wellbore near the shoe. Subsequently, the rig can be released and a fluid pumping unit, together with a wireline perforating unit, mobilized to the well site to complete the well. At this time, formation fractures are initiated into the area near the shoe, enabling the wireline perforating device to be pumped into the wellbore. Perforating takes place and the perforating device is retrieved via wireline so that the fracturing unit procedure can be initiated immediately. In this paper the authors will discuss the problems associated with perforating high-angle wells and review, in detail, an alternative way of deploying perforating guns, considerably reducing overall expenses as proven in over 400 such operations.
Dietary polyphenol quercetin targets pancreatic cancer stem cells (2010)

According to the cancer stem cell hypothesis the aggressive growth and early metastasis of pancreatic cancer may arise through dysregulation of self-renewal of stem cells in the tissue. Since recent data suggest targeting of cancer stem cells by some dietary agents we studied the effect of quercetin, a major polyphenol and flavonoid commonly detected in many fruits and vegetables. Using in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer stem cells we found quercetin-mediated reduction of self-renewal as measured by spheroid and colony formation. Quercetin diminished ALDH1 activity and reverted apoptosis resistance as detected by substrate assays, FACS and Western blot analysis. Importantly, combination of quercetin with sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate enriched in broccoli, had synergistic effects. Although quercetin led to enhanced binding of the survival factor NF-kappaB, co-incubation with sulforaphane completely eliminated this pro-proliferative feature. Moreover, quercetin prevented expression of proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which was even stronger in presence of sulforaphane, suggesting the blockade of signaling involved in early metastasis. In vivo, quercetin inhibited growth of cancer stem cell-enriched xenografts associated with reduced proliferation, angiogenesis, cancer stem cell-marker expression and induction of apoptosis. Co-incubation with sulforaphane increased these effects and no pronounced toxicity on normal cells or mice was observed. Our data suggest that food ingredients complement each other in the elimination of cancer stem cell-characteristics. Since carcinogenesis is a complex process, combination of bioactive dietary agents with complementary activities may be most effective.
Policy-hiding access control in open environment (2005)

In trust management and attribute-based access control systems, access control decisions are based on the attributes (rather than the identity) of the requester: Access is granted if Alice's attributes in her certificates satisfy Bob's access control policy. In this paper, we develop a policy-hiding access control scheme that protects both sensitive attributes and sensitive policies. That is, Bob can decide whether Alice's certified attribute values satisfy Bob's policy, without Bob learning any other information about Alice's attribute values or Alice learning Bob's policy. To enable policy-hiding access control, we introduce the notion of certified input private policy evaluation. Our construction uses Yao's scrambled circuit protocol and two new techniques introduced in this paper. One novel technique is constructing circuits with uniform topology that can compute arbitrary functions in a family. The other technique is committed-integer based oblivious transfer.
Purification of Milligram Quantities of Human Leptin From RecombinantE. Coli (1996)

Leptin, the product of the obese (ob) gene, is a 16 kilodalton protein secreted from adipose tissue. Restoration of leptin to obese ob/ob mice leads to normalization of body weight. The effect of leptin in larger animals has not been explored, in part because of limited supplies of leptin. To date, the potency and yield of recombinant leptin purified from a variety of eukaryotic sources or from E. coli has been highly variable. While purification of leptin from E. coli inclusion bodies has afforded the greatest yield of protein, its potency is at least an order of magnitude lower than that of leptin secreted from E. coli or eukaryotic cells. The mechanistic basis of this difference in potency is not clear at present. The ability to purify significant quantities of highly active leptin will be crucial for the evaluation of leptin structure, as well as its function in additional animal models of obesity. We now report a facile protocol for the preparation of recombinant leptin using an E. coli expression system. 75-85 milligrams of leptin with a purity of greater than 97 % was prepared from a liter of recombinant E. coil. The procedure can be performed in less than 48 h and requires no chromatography. Intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg/kg renatured leptin into ob/ob mice results in a significant reduction in food consumption. The potency of this material is similar to the most potent recombinant leptin described to date. The ability to rapidly prepare large quantities of high specific activity material will hasten the definition of leptin's role in non-rodent models of obesity.
OP Performance Prediction for Complex Mobile Multiuser Networks Based on Extreme Learning Machine (2020)

Due to the complex and variable environments of mobile communication, the mobile multiuser networks become a hot topic. To process active complex event in mobile multiuser networks, it is important to predict the system performance. In this work, the authors consider the multiuser networks which utilizes transmit antenna selection (TAS). We derive novel closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP) in terms of the Meijer's G-function. Then, a extreme learning machine (ELM)-based OP performance prediction algorithm is proposed. We use the theoretical results to generate training data. We test back-propagation (BP) neural network, locally weighted linear regression (LWLR), wavelet neural network, ELM, and support vector machine (SVM) methods. Compared with wavelet neural network, SVM, BP neural network, and LWLR methods, the Monte-Carlo results shows that the proposed prediction algorithm can consistently achieve higher OP performance prediction results.
Heterogeneous microarchitectures trump voltage scaling for low-power cores (2014)

Heterogeneous architectures offer many potential avenues for improving energy efficiency in today's low-power cores. Two common approaches are dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS) and heterogeneous microarchitectures (HMs). Traditionally both approaches have incurred large switching overheads, which limit their applicability to coarse-grain program phases. However, recent research has demonstrated low-overhead mechanisms that enable switching at granularities as low as 1K instructions. The question remains, in this fine-grained switching regime, which form of heterogeneity offers better energy efficiency for a given level of performance?
CJ CGV’s Strategies for Global Entry and Diffusion: Focusing on Special Screening Platforms (2021)

본 사례는 CJ CGV의 글로벌 전략에 대해 집중 조명하며 특별 상영 플랫폼(4DX, ScreenX)사업에 대한 심층 분석을 목적으로 한다. 국제 경영 이론을 바탕으로 CJ CGV의 글로벌 경쟁 전략에 대해 분석하는 한편, 특히 영화 제작사와 배급사를 연결하는 플랫폼 비즈니스 기업으로서의 CJ CGV에 주목하여, 글로벌 진출 시의 진입 장벽 및 시장 확대 과정에서의 전략적 의사 결정 문제, 세부 전략 등을 다루고 있다. 본 사례를 통해 플랫폼 비즈니스와 글로벌 경쟁 전략을 통합적인 관점으로 바라보는 한편 실무적 적용점을 발견할 수 있을 것이다.<BR> 한국의 1위 극장 사업자이자 글로벌 5위 멀티플렉스(Multiplex) 기업인 CJ CGV는 오래 전 성숙기에 접어 든 국내 영화 시장의 상황에도 불구하고, 글로벌 시장에서의 선전을 바탕으로 성장세를 이어오고 있다. CJ CGV의 글로벌 진출은 극장 사업 진출과 특별 상영 플랫폼 진출로 구분되며, 극장 사업은 2006년 중국 시장 진출을 시작으로 CJ CGV에서, 특별 상영 플랫폼은 자회사인 CJ 4DPLEX에서 2011년부터 본격적으로 주도하고 있다. CJ 4DPLEX는 글로벌 주요 극장 사업자들과의 파트너십(Partnership)을 통해 글로벌 접점을 확보해 왔으며, 주요 헐리우드 제작사들과의 긴밀한 협력을 기반으로 문화적 장벽이 적고 N차 관람에 대한 니즈(Needs)가 높은 블록버스터 영화를 기본으로 한 통합(Integration) 전략과, 4DX와 ScreenX의 기술적 차이와 국가별 니즈를 고려한 현지화(Localization) 전략을 동시에 사용하고 있다. CJ CGV는 특별 상영 플랫폼 시장에서 ‘선도 진입자(Pioneer)’로서의 지위를 보유하고 있지만, 지속적인 기술 업데이트로 ScreenX를 잇는 혁신적인 상영 플랫폼을 개발하고 극장 사업자들과의 파트너십을 확대하는 등 시장 지배력을 유지하고자 노력하고 있다. CJ CGV가 날로 치열해지는 글로벌 영화 산업의 경쟁구도에서 지속적인 주도권을 잡을 수 있을지 귀추가 주목된다.
RNA-seq Gene List from EWS/FLI is a Master Regulator of Metabolic Reprogramming in Ewing Sarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;List of differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq analysis of A673 cells, shEF vs. shLUC.&lt;/p&gt;
Conformational Characteristics of Feet-to-Feet-Connected Biscavitands (2019)

X-ray crystallography of an acetoxy-protected bisresorcinarene and biscavitands possessing phosphonate and dialkylsilyl bridges revealed that the bisresorcinarene and the biscavitands adopt helical forms in the solid state. Helical conformations were also found in solution. The helix-helix interconversions of the biscavitands occurred with high activation barriers of more than 50 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>. The activation parameters of the helix-helix interconversions were determined using exchange spectroscopy (EXSY). The positive activation enthalpies and the negative activation entropies suggest that the transition states of the helix-helix interconversion process are most likely more strained and symmetric than the ground states. The compensatory enthalpy-entropy correlation is found in the series of activation parameters, giving rise to a compensation temperature of 254 K.