gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Electron Computational Ghost Imaging Setup for High Resolution Imaging (2023)

Journal Article An Electron Computational Ghost Imaging Setup for High Resolution Imaging Get access Paolo Rosi, Paolo Rosi Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-NANO, Modena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lorenzo Viani, Lorenzo Viani Department of Physics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Enzo Rotunno, Enzo Rotunno Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-NANO, Modena, Italy Corresponding author: enzo.rotunno@nano.cnr.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Amir Tavabi, Amir Tavabi Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Rafal E Dunin Borkowski, Rafal E Dunin Borkowski Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stefano Frabboni, Stefano Frabboni Department of Physics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vincenzo Grillo Vincenzo Grillo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-NANO, Modena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 29, Issue Supplement_1, 1 August 2023, Pages 336–338, https://doi.org/10.1093/micmic/ozad067.157 Published: 22 July 2023
Autonomic Regulation of the Airways (1984)

The airways are innervated by a sympathetic, a parasympathetic, and a third [perhaps vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) releasing] nervous system. These nerves modulate smooth muscle tone and submucosal gland secretion and possibly other cell systems in the airways. Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors are distributed unevenly in airways of different sizes and among different cells. Considerable evidence is presented that implicates abnormalities of autonomic function in asthma.
Retinal Layers Changes in Human Preclinical and Early Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Support Early Retinal Neuronal and Müller Cells Alterations (2013)

Decreased RNFL thickness and increased INL/OPL thickness in diabetics without DR or with initial DR suggest early alterations in the inner retina. On the contrary, the outer retina seems not to be affected at early stages of DM. Automatic intraretinal layering by SD-OCT may be a useful tool to diagnose and monitor early intraretinal changes in DR.
Timing of ESCRT-III protein recruitment and membrane scission during HIV-1 assembly (2018)

The Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport III (ESCRT-III) proteins are critical for cellular membrane scission processes with topologies inverted relative to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Some viruses appropriate ESCRT-IIIs for their release. By imaging single assembling viral-like particles of HIV-1, we observed that ESCRT-IIIs and the ATPase VPS4 arrive after most of the virion membrane is bent, linger for tens of seconds, and depart ∼20 seconds before scission. These observations suggest ESCRT-IIIs are recruited by a combination of membrane curvature and the late domains of the HIV-1 Gag protein. ESCRT-IIIs may pull the neck into a narrower form but must leave to allow scission. If scission does not occur within minutes of ESCRT departure, ESCRT-III and VPS4 are recruited again. This mechanistic insight is likely relevant for other ESCRT dependent scission processes including cell division, endosome tubulation, multivesicular body and nuclear envelope formation, and secretion of exosomes and ectosomes.
<em></em><em>Fusarium</em> <em>Culmorum</em> Produces NX-2 Toxin Simultaneously With Deoxynivalenol and 3-Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol or Nivalenol (Submitted to Toxins) (2022)

Fusarium culmorum is a major pathogen of grain crops. Infected plants accumulate deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON), or nivalenol (NIV), which are mycotoxins of the trichothecene B group. These toxins are also produced by F. graminearum species complex. New trichothecenes structurally similar to trichothecenes B but lacking the carbonyl group on C-8, designated NX toxins, were recently discovered in atypical isolates of F. graminearum from North America. Only these isolates and a few strains of a yet to be characterized Fusarium species from South Africa are known to produce NX-2 and other NX toxins. Here we report that among 20 F. culmorum strains isolated from maize, wheat, and oat in Europe and Asia over a period of 70 years, 18 strains produced NX-2 simultaneously with 3-ADON and DON or NIV. Rice cultures of strains producing 3-ADON accumulated NX-2 in amounts corresponding to 2-8% of 3-ADON (1.2 - 36 mg/kg). A strain producing NIV accumulated NX-2 and NIV at comparable amounts (13.6 and 10.3 mg/kg, respectively). In F. graminearum, producers of NX-2 possess a special variant of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase encoded by TRI1 that is unable to oxidize C-8. In F. culmorum, producers and nonproducers of NX-2 possess identical TRI1; the reason for the production of NX-2 is unknown. Our results indicate that production of NX-2 simultaneously with trichothecenes B is a common feature of F. culmorum.
Effect of topical application of estradiol-17β and PGE2 on PGE-binding sites in the porcine endometrium (1992)

High- and low-affinity prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) binding sites were found on day 15 after estrus in the endometrium of cycling (Cy) and pregnant (Pr) gilts as well as gilts treated with intra-uterine Silastic beads containing estradiol-17 beta (E2) alone or in combination with PGE2 (E and PG gilts respectively) and inserted into the uterine lumen on day 10 of the cycle. The average apparent dissociation constants (Kd) and binding site concentrations (Bmax) for the high- and low-affinity sites were respectively (mean +/- SEM): 8.4 +/- 0.7 pM and 3.28 +/- 0.38 fmol/mg of protein and 5.3 +/- 0.8 nM and 71 +/- 9 fmol/mg of protein. Samples collected along the meso- and antimesometrial aspects did not differ (P greater than 0.05), although the low-affinity Bmax was higher on the antimesometrial aspect for Pr and Cy gilts only. No difference in Kd (P greater than 0.10) was found between treatments for high-affinity binding sites. For the low-affinity binding sites, Kd was higher for Pr compared to PG and E but not to Cy gilts (P less than 0.05). The high-affinity Bmax was higher (P less than 0.05) for PG, followed by E, Pr and Cy gilts (respectively: 5.50 +/- 0.26; 4.19 +/- 0.46; 1.78 +/- 0.40; 1.64 +/- 0.23 fmol/mg of protein), although Pr and Cy gilts were not different (P greater than 0.05). These results suggest that the localized presence of conceptuses in the uterus in early pregnancy does not markedly affect PGE binding sites but that intrauterine applications of Silastic beads containing E2 and PGE2 increase high-affinity Bmax and decrease low-affinity Kd.
Swoogle: A semantic web search and metadata engine (2004)

Swoogle is a crawler-based indexing and retrieval system for the Semantic Web. It extracts metadata for each discov-ered document, and computes relations between documents. Discovered documents are also indexed by an information retrieval system which can use either character N-Gram or URIrefs as keywords to find relevant documents and to com-pute the similarity among a set of documents. One of the interesting properties we compute is ontology rank, a mea-sure of the importance of a Semantic Web document. 1.
Anti-histamines for prolonged non-specific cough in children (2008)

This review has significant limitations. However, our finding of uncertain efficacy of anti-histamines for chronic cough are similar to that for acute cough in children. In contrast to recommendations in adults with chronic cough, anti-histamines cannot be recommended as empirical therapy for children with chronic cough. If anti-histamines were to be trialled in these children, current data suggest a clinical response (time to response) occurs within two weeks of therapy. However the use of anti-histamines in children with non-specific cough has to be balanced against the well known risk of adverse events especially in very young children.
Vitamin C induces specific demethylation of H3K9me2 in mouse embryonic stem cells via Kdm3a/b (2017)

These results reveal a specific role for vitamin C in histone demethylation in ES cells and document that DNA methylation and H3K9me2 cooperate to silence germline genes in pluripotent cells.
Strategies for Strengthening Patent Protection of Pharmaceutical Inventions in Light of Federal Court Decisions (2010)

In this article, a brief history of patent law is presented, along with recent changes in its interpretation that are relevant in securing patents in the current landscape. Specific patent examples are presented to illustrate key issues. For example, the case of KSR International Co. v. Teleflex, Inc. is an important recent decision by the United States Supreme Court, which developed a more flexible definition of the teaching-suggestion-motivation (TSM) test in determining obviousness, which negates patentability. Although KSR case involved a mechanical invention, the ruling in this case has had implications in other areas of patent law, particularly as it applied to pharmaceutical and chemical inventions. It has had a significant impact on the outcome of patent prosecution at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), as well as in defending patents in federal courts. If an invention is obvious to try and there are a finite number of predictable solutions in the prior art, then the invention will be considered obvious by current standards. Bayer Schering Pharma AG v. Barr Laboratories, Inc is presented as a case in which the court of appeals has applied the KSR standard of obviousness in invalidating a formulation patent claim, in which a finite number of options were available to the formulator. Unlike the formulation patent example, patents covering new molecules have survived challenges more successfully. In The Procter & Gamble Co. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., the court of appeals for the Federal Circuit determined that the invention of risedronate was unobvious, although it was a mere positional isomer of a prior bisphosphonate. However in Altana Pharma AG v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., the court of appeals judged against the innovator company when there was a clearer case of predictable prior art. Finally, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, Inc. v. Mylan Laboratories, Inc. presents an example of a case at the Federal Circuit where topiramate was more easily defended, because the scientist had at his disposal a great number of unpredictable options and the results were clearly surprising. In light of these and other court decisions the USPTO has established new guidelines for patent examinations going forward that this article describes.
Self-referenced stabilization of temperature of an optomechanical microresonator (2011)

We show that the average temperature of optical and mechanical modes of an optically transparent microresonator can be stabilized to a pK$/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ level, a much lower value compared with the fundamental thermodynamic limit, without the need for an external temperature or frequency reference. The proposed temperature stabilization technique, based on the interaction of mechanical and optical modes with different sensitivities to the temperature as well as dimensions of the resonator, is promising for reaching quantum limited performance in optomechanical oscillators and lasers that involve optical microresonators.
Effect of nano‐ceramic coating on surface property and microbial adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate) (2023)

To improve surface properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using nano-ceramic coatings and assess microbial adherence after long-term use of a chemical cleanser. Thirty-six PMMA samples were fabricated, polished and coated with a nano-thin TiO<sub>2</sub> or mixed TiO<sub>2</sub> /ZrO<sub>2</sub> , with uncoated samples as controls. Six samples in each group (n = 12) were soaked in Polident denture cleaner 180 times for 30 min, while six were soaked in deionized water. Surface roughness of PMMA before and after being soaked in Polident was assessed. All samples were subsequently exposed to Candida albicans for 6 h and the adherent cells were determined by viable colony count. Two-way analysis of variance was performed for statistical analysis. No significant difference in surface roughness was noted between the uncoated and coated PMMA before soaking. After soaking, surface roughness of the uncoated PMMA increased from 0.164 to 0.532 μm (p < .05). No significant change was observed for TiO<sub>2</sub> -coated (0.105-0.143 μm) or TiO<sub>2</sub> /ZrO<sub>2</sub> -coated PMMA (0.104-0.141 μm). Attachment of C. albicans to PMMA soaked in water showed significantly less attachment to both TiO<sub>2</sub> -coated (1.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> cfu/ml) and TiO<sub>2</sub> /ZrO<sub>2</sub> -coated PMMA (1.6 × 10<sup>3</sup> cfu/ml) than to the uncoated PMMA (2.6 × 10<sup>3</sup> cfu/ml). After soaking in Polident, the uncoated PMMA had significantly less C. albicans attachment than coated samples. Less attachment was noted on the TiO<sub>2</sub> /ZrO<sub>2</sub> -coated PMMA then the TiO<sub>2</sub> -coated samples (p < .05). Nano-ceramic TiO2<sub>2</sub> /ZrO<sub>2</sub> coating of PMMA denture base material alters surface properties thus reduces oral microbial adhesion. It represents a promising alternative to the chemical disinfection for PMMA denture materials.
PRESENT STATUS OF THE INDUCTION SYNCHROTRON EXPERIMENT IN THE KEK PS (2006)

Recent progress in the KEK induction synchrotron is presented. In the recent experiment, by using a newly developed induction acceleration system instead of radiowave acceleration devices, a single proton bunch injected from the 500 MeV Booster ring and captured by the barrier bucket created by the induction step-voltages was accelerated to 6 GeV in the KEK proton synchrotron.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF NEW PYRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS ON SELECTED STRAINS OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI. PART 6. SYNTHESIS OF 3,5‐DIMETHYL‐, 3‐BROMO‐ AND 3‐CHLORO‐1‐(N‐ALKYLTHIOMETHYL)PYRIDINIUM CHLORIDES (1984)

Abstract Quartäre Pyridiniumchloride (III) werden durch Umsetzung von Chlormethylthioethern (I) mit Pyridinen (II) erhalten und auf antibakterielle Wirksamkeit geprüft.
Psychometric validity of the 22‐item Sinonasal Outcome Test (2009)

We have found the SNOT-22 to be valid and easy to use. It can be used to facilitate routine clinical practice to highlight the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on the patient's quality of life, and may also be used to measure the outcome of surgical intervention. The minimally important difference allows us to interpret scores in a clinical context, and may help to improve patient selection for surgery.
Classical Statistical Inference (2014)

This chapter introduces the main concepts of statistical inference, or drawing conclusions from data. There are three main types of inference: point estimation, confidence estimation, and hypothesis testing. There are two major statistical paradigms which address the statistical inference questions: the classical, or frequentist paradigm, and the Bayesian paradigm. While most of statistics and machine learning is based on the classical paradigm, Bayesian techniques are being embraced by the statistical and scientific communities at an ever-increasing pace. The chapter begins with a short comparison of classical and Bayesian paradigms, and then discusses the three main types of statistical inference from the classical point of view.
MiR‐29b levels in Cord Blood from Preterm Infants Are Associated with Fetal Inflammation (2019)

Background Previous reports have identified decreases in miR‐29b levels in preterm infants that go on to develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The cause of depressed miR‐29b levels is unknown but may reflect an adverse maternal and/or intrauterine environment that led to preterm birth. This study was designed to investigate relationships between antenatal circumstances related to preterm birth and cord blood levels of miR29b. Methods We analyzed 127 cord blood collected from consecutive deliveries (n=114) of liveborn infants born ≤30 weeks gestation (median 27.4 weeks: IQR [25.6–29.0]). Data on maternal co‐morbidities, antecendants to preterm birth (e.g., preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, placental inflammation) were collected prospectively. miR‐29b levels were measured using RT‐PCR and normalized to expression of SP2. Data were analyzed for correlations by Spearman's correlation coefficient or Generalizing Estimating Equations (GEE) for mixed models controlling for twins. Results Preliminary results indicate that miR‐29b levels were correlated to umbilical funisitis (p=0.038). Regression analysis revealed miR‐29b is associated with intrauterine growth retardation (p=0.011) and pre‐term labor (p=0.007). Conclusions miR‐29b levels are associated with fetal inflammation and poor fetal growth. Maternal health is also related to fetal inflammation and further analyses of the clinical data is likely to reveal new correlations. Support or Funding Information NIH NICHD R01HD088033 This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
LibGuides: Open Educational Resources (OERs): Find OERs (2020)

Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any type of educational materials that are in the public domain or have an open license.
Transient process of dissipative soliton generation in normal dispersion fiber lasers (2013)

The transient process of dissipative soliton generation is numerically revealed in normal dispersion fiber lasers designed for generating high-energy optical pulses. It is shown that the gain dispersion is critical for the dissipative soliton generation.
Evaluation of Patients with High National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale as Thrombectomy Candidates Using the Kentucky Appalachian Stroke Registry (2019)

Among patients with significant burden of ischemic stroke, the most common coexisting medical condition was high blood pressure. Patients who underwent thrombectomy had significantly better inpatient clinical improvement. These data support the need to maximize utilization of thrombectomy along with need to devote increased resources on modifiable stroke risk factors.
A Minimalist Mutual Authentication Protocol for RFID System &#x00026; BAN Logic Analysis (2008)

This paper proposes a new security protocol with satisfying the lightweight requirements of the security of RFID system - A Minimalist Mutual Authentication Protocol for RFID System Based on EPC C1G2 Standard. The scheme makes sufficiently use of the limited resources of RFID system to encrypt, decrypt and implement mutual authentication between readers and tags, Then the paper gives qualitative analysis against various security attacks and BAN logic analysis of the security of the protocol. The results demonstrate that the protocol can effectively solve the security problem of RFID system based on C1G2 standard.
Intrauterine Pulmonary Hypertension Impairs Angiogenesis In Vitro (2007)

PPHN in utero causes sustained impairment of PAEC phenotype in vitro, with reduced PAEC growth and tube formation and down-regulation of VEGF and eNOS protein. VEGF and NO enhanced growth and tube formation of PPHN PAECs.
Low complexity code design for the 2-user gaussian multiple access channel (2004)

In this paper, we present a low complexity code design for the 2-user Gaussian multiple access channels. In order to analyze this multiuser MAC decoder, we formulate density evolution (DE) and study the stability condition of the fixed point corresponding to zero BER.
Optimizing dynamics of integrated food–energy–water systems under the risk of climate change (2019)

Abstract Integrated management of food–energy–water systems (FEWS) requires a unified, flexible and reproducible approach to incorporate the interdependence between sectors, and include the risk of non-stationary environmental variations due to climate change. Most of the recently developed methods in the literature fall short of one or more aspects in such integration. In this article, we propose a novel approach based upon fundamentals of decision theory and reinforcement learning that (1) quantifies and propagates uncertainty, (2) incorporates resource interdependence, (3) includes the impact of uncontrolled variables such as climate variations, and (4) adaptively optimizes management decisions to minimize the costs and environmental impacts of crop production. Moreover, the proposed method is robust to problem-specific complexities and is easily reproducible. We illustrate the framework on a real-world case study in Ventura County, California.
Analyzing Multiagent Interactions in Traffic Scenes via Topological Braids (2021)

We focus on the problem of analyzing multiagent interactions in traffic domains. Understanding the space of behavior of real-world traffic may offer significant advantages for algorithmic design, data-driven methodologies, and benchmarking. However, the high dimensionality of the space and the stochasticity of human behavior may hinder the identification of important interaction patterns. Our key insight is that traffic environments feature significant geometric and temporal structure, leading to highly organized collective behaviors, often drawn from a small set of dominant modes. In this work, we propose a representation based on the formalism of topological braids that can summarize arbitrarily complex multiagent behavior into a compact object of dual geometric and symbolic nature, capturing critical events of interaction. This representation allows us to formally enumerate the space of outcomes in a traffic scene and characterize their complexity. We illustrate the value of the proposed representation in summarizing critical aspects of real-world traffic behavior through a case study on recent driving datasets. We show that despite the density of real-world traffic, observed behavior tends to follow highly organized patterns of low interaction. Our framework may be a valuable tool for evaluating the richness of driving datasets, but also for synthetically designing balanced training datasets or benchmarks.