gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Character generation under grid constraints (1987)

An original and fast filling algorithm based on vertical scan line sweep and contour tracking of a presorted shape description allows filling of character shapes with real subpixel resolution. Identical parts of a character lying at a different phase in respect to the grid will have a dissimilar discrete look. Grid constraints are applied in order to force given parts of a character (stems, serifs) to attain identical phasing. So that several contraints may be applied, degrees of freedom are provided in the form of stretchable null-segments inserted at particular locations in the character outline description. Grid constraints are also applied to avoid discrete arcs with an isolated pixel or a long horizontal or vertical run. The type of constraints applied to parts of a character consists only of horizontal or vertical subpixel translations. The resulting character description therefore remains nearly identical to the original description. The processing time used to apply grid constraints is negligible, compared with the time needed for character scan-conversion and filling. Hence, this method is very well adapted for direct character generation on non-impact printers. It is also suitable for character rasterization in typographic computer-aided design systems.
A World Wide Web accessible multi-species ECG database. (1997)

We have developed a system for remotely accessible secure electronic storage of electrocardiographic (ECG) and other associated data. It allows entry of data from any authorized remote user and is specifically built to accommodate the ECGs of multiple species. The present system is implemented on a Sun Sparc Solaris 2.5 platform using Oracle 7.3.2, and the Oracle 7.3.2 Web server. It may be easily ported to any other UNIX or Windows NT platform. No client is needed other than an Internet Protocol connected computer using a web browser such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Membrane cell fusion activity of the vaccinia virus A17?A27 protein complex (2007)

Vaccinia virus enters cells by endocytosis and via a membrane fusion mechanism mediated by viral envelope protein complexes. While several proteins have been implicated in the entry/fusion event, there is no direct proof for fusogenic activity of any viral protein in heterologous systems. Transient coexpression of A17 and A27 in mammalian cells led to syncytia formation in a pH-dependent manner, as ascertained by confocal fluorescent immunomicroscopy. The pH-dependent fusion activity was identified to reside in A17 amino-terminal ectodomain after overexpression in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. Through the use of A17 ectodomain deletion mutants, it was found that the domain important for fusion spanned between residues 18 and 34. To further characterize A17-A27 fusion activity in mammalian cells, 293T cell lines stably expressing A17, A27 or coexpressing both proteins were generated using lentivectors. A27 was exposed on the cell surface only when A17 was coexpressed. In addition, pH-dependent fusion activity was functionally demonstrated in mammalian cells by cytoplasmic transfer of fluorescent proteins, only when A17 and A27 were coexpressed. Bioinformatic tools were used to compare the putative A17-A27 protein complex with well-characterized fusion proteins. Finally, all experimental evidence was integrated into a working model for A17-A27-induced pH-dependent cell-to-cell fusion.
Vibration Monitoring for Rotating Machinery (1980)

This article has been produced as a guide for instrument personnel involved in specifying and/or maintaining vibration monitoring equipment. The information has been gathered by the author from many sources during his initiation into the subject. The topic is only based on two measurement techniques — non-contact proximity probes and contact accelerometers — there are many other techniques available (velocity transducers, ultrasonics, for example).
Electron Transfer Processes to Continuum in Near-Relativistic Ion-Atom Collisions (2009)

Theories for electron transfer to the continuum have encountered considerable difficulties to take into account the intrinsic many‐electron processes in the capture channel. This may partially be attributed to large momentum transfers involved and thus collision systems are mostly not in the realm of first order perturbation theories. For this reason we have studied collision systems where simultaneously distinct competing electron transfer processes are found to be active, like radiative (RECC) and non‐radiative electron capture to continuum (ECC) in the relativistic domain where one or two even active electrons are involved; here another, though distinct, transfer process, the projectile electron loss to continuum (ELC), permits additionally to study the dynamics of ionization very close to threshold. We have studied these electron transfer processes simultaneously in forward electron emission in two systems of different projectile Compton profile, U88++N2 and Sn47++N2 collisions using the forward electron spectrometer at the supersonic jet‐target of the ESR storage ring. We report first results and compare with theory.
Design And Fabrication Of AlGaAs/GaAs Phase Couplers For Optical Integrated Circuit Applications (1985)

As integrated electronic circuits based on GaAs are getting faster and more complex and the relatively new fiber optic communication industry is expanding into new markets, such as shipboard communication links, the need for high speed optical signal processing in a GaAs based system has become increasingly evident. The economy and flexibility of fabricating both electronic and optical circuits on the same wafer promises significant increases in computing power and speed of large distributed systems (those involving more than a few medium density chips.) The obvious medium for integration of optics with eletronics is GaAs. High speed ICs utilizing GaAs MESFETS are already in the marketplace as are GaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes and detectors. Thus, the two building blocks exist and wait only to be stacked together in a useful manner. What must hold these together is any combination of passive waveguides, modulators, switches or optical fibers which will provide high speed links between several electronic systems. It does not matter that these systems may be miles apart or on the same wafer, the interconnecting optical circuits are the same except for the possible insertion of an optical fiber.
Evidential clustering for categorical data (2019)

Evidential clustering methods assign objects to clusters with a degree of belief, allowing for better representation of cluster overlap and outliers. Based on the theoretical framework of belief functions, they generate credal partitions which extend crisp, fuzzy and possibilistic partitions. Despite their ability to provide rich information about the partition, no evidential clustering algorithm for categorical data has yet been proposed. This paper presents a categorical version of ECM, an evidential variant of k-means. The proposed algorithm, referred to as catECM, considers a new dissimilarity measure and introduces an alternating minimization scheme in order to obtain a credal partition. Experimental results with real and synthetic data sets show the potential and the efficiency of cat-ECM for clustering categorical data.
The effect of denaturants on PDI conformation and activity (1995)

Conference Article| February 01 1995 The effect of denaturants on PDI conformation and activity Hilary. C. Hawkins; Hilary. C. Hawkins 1Research School of Biosciences, Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert. B. Freedman Robert. B. Freedman 1Research School of Biosciences, Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (1): 65S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023065s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Hilary. C. Hawkins, Robert. B. Freedman; The effect of denaturants on PDI conformation and activity. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1995; 23 (1): 65S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023065s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: DTT, dithiothreitol, GdmCl, guanidinium chloride, PDI, protein disulphide-isomerase (EC 5.3.4.1) This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Normalize, transpose, and distribute (2008)

SequenceL is a concise, high-level language with a simple semantics that provides for the automatic derivation of many iterative and parallel control structures. The semantics repeatedly applies a “Normalize-Transpose-Distribute” operation to functions and operators until base cases are discovered. Base cases include the grounding of variables and the application of built-in operators to operands of appropriate types. This article introduces the results of a 24-month effort to reduce the language to a very small set of primitives. Included are comparisons with other languages, the formal syntax and semantics, and the traces of several example problems run with a prototype interpreter developed in 2006.
Neuroendocrine predictors of response to intravenous clomipramine therapy for refractory obsessive–compulsive disorder Presented in part at the 2000 APA meeting May, Chicago, Illinois, Young Investigators Poster, and the 2001 ADAA Conference in Atlanta, Georgia (2001)

The current study examines the neuroendocrine response to intravenous clomipramine (IV CMI) in oral CMI-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients on day 1 and day 14 of treatment to identify predictors of response. Forty-four OCD patients with an inadequate response or poorly tolerant to oral CMI were begun at 25 mg IV CMI, increasing to 250 mg by day 10, and continuing on that dose to day 14. On day 1, plasma levels of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol were obtained immediately before the 25 mg IV infusion, and at five 30-minute time points after the infusion. On day 14, hormonal samples were obtained in a similar fashion. Response was assessed by the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI). Low PRLMAX to IV CMI and low cortisol levels overall on day 1 were both significantly associated with clinical response at day 14. An overall increase in growth hormone (GH) secretion during the day 14 testing was associated with positive response. A pronounced PRL response to IV CMI on day 14 was exhibited by the nonresponders, whereas a smaller and later but significant increase in PRL was noted in the responders. The findings suggest that in this sample of oral CMI-resistant patients with OCD, neuroendocrine measures derived from pharmacological challenge with IV CMI are capable of distinguishing IV CMI treatment responders from nonresponders. The limitations of IV CMI as a specific probe of serotonin function are discussed. Depression and Anxiety 14:199–208, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Comparative Evaluation of Joystick and Leaning-Based Locomotion in Immersive Telepresence with Body Motion Feedback (2023)

Some previous studies have focused on the effects of leaning-based methods and motion feedback for reducing cybersickness and improving usability during locomotion in virtual environments. However, it is actually challenging to combine of these technologies for practical use in the real environments using telepresence robots. In this study, we developed an immersive telepresence system with body motion feedback and comparatively evaluated the effectiveness of using a joystick and a leaning-based method in terms of reducing cybersickness and improving usability during locomotive tasks. The results of the user study (N=8) showed that leaning-based method with body motion feedback is effective for improving comfort and reducing cybersickness compared with the cases of using the joystick. Moreover, the use of body motion display to generate walking like sensation was shown to be effective for improving the telepresence experience.
Cover Picture: Organelle Tracking in a Living Cell with Microsecond Time Resolution and Nanometer Spatial Precision (ChemPhysChem 5/2008) (2008)

The cover picture illustrates the tracking of organelles driven by molecular motors in a living cell with microsecond time resolution and nanometer spatial precision. In their article S. X. Xie et al. (page 707) show that by imaging the strongly scattered light from endocytosed gold nanoparticles (GNPs), individual steps of kinesin and dynein—the molecular motors transporting organelles along microtubules—can be resolved.
Multiple isoelectric forms of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: evidence for phosphorylation (1989)

Poliovirus-specific RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3Dpol) was purified to apparent homogeneity. A single polypeptide of an apparent molecular weight of 63,000 catalyzes the synthesis of dimeric and monomeric RNA products in response to the poliovirion RNA template. Analysis of purified 3Dpol by two-dimensional electrophoresis showed multiple forms of 3Dpol, suggesting posttranslational modification of the protein in virus-infected cells. The two major forms of 3Dpol appear to have approximate pI values of 7.1 and 7.4. Incubation of purified 3Dpol with calf intestinal phosphatase resulted in almost complete disappearance of the pI 7.1 form and a concomitant increase in the intensity of the pI 7.4 form of 3Dpol. Addition of 32P-labeled Pi during infection of HeLa cells with poliovirus resulted in specific labeling of 3Dpol and 3CD, a viral protein which contains the entire 3Dpol sequence. Both 3Dpol and 3CD appear to be phosphorylated at serine residues. Ribosomal salt washes prepared from both mock- and poliovirus-infected cells contain phosphatases capable of dephosphorylating quantitatively the phosphorylated form (pI 7.1) of 3Dpol.
Fast CELP coding based on algebraic codes (2005)

Code-Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) produces high quality synthetic speech at low bit rate. However the basic scheme leads to huge computational loads. The paper describes a related scheme, which allows real time implementation on current DSP chips. The very efficient search procedure in the codebook is achieved by means of a new technique called "backward filtering" and the use of algebraic codes. RSB performances are reported for a variety of conditions.
Effect of External Components on V-22 Aircraft Forward-Flight Aerodynamics (2000)

The effects of protuberances, forward-looking infrared, AAR47 sensor fairing, and refueling boom on V-22 forward e ight aerodynamics using computational e uid dynamics are investigated. The multizone Navier ‐Stokes method isapplied to thee ow over a complete V-22 wing ‐fuselage‐nacellecone guration, with and without external components. The angle of attack varies from 0 to 16 deg in forward e ight. A slight increase in drag is found at 0-deg angle of attack for an aircraft cone gured with the external units; this effect decreases as the angle of attack increases from zero to moderate values. However, at high angles of attack, the added e ow disturbances due to attachments seems to worsen tail buffeting and lift-to-drag ratio. The numerical results are in general agreement with recent e ight test data.
Information governance key to good corporate governance (2020)

• The key to good information governance is to align data and information governance with overall strategic objectives.• Directors are confronting both opportunities and challenges in the digital age and require strong information governance.• A recent survey revealed that implementing an information governance framework is a key area of importance.
Synthesis of Protected Precursors of Chitin Oligosaccharides by Electrochemical Polyglycosylation of Thioglycosides (2022)

Synthesis of protected precursors of chitin oligosaccharides by electrochemical polyglycosylation of thioglycosides as a monomer is described. Oligosaccharides up to hexasaccharide were synthesized under the optimized reaction conditions. The modified method by repeating electrolysis with additional monomers enabled synthesis of oligosaccharides up to octasaccharide. Mechanism of electrochemical polyglycosylation was also discussed based on the oxidation potentials of the monomer and oligosaccharides.
ECG-gated HYPR reconstruction for undersampled CT myocardial perfusion imaging (2007)

In this study we develop a novel ECG-gated method of HYPR (HighlY constrained backPRojection) CT reconstruction for low-dose myocardial perfusion imaging and present its first application in a porcine model. HYPR is a method of reconstructing time-resolved images from view-undersampled projection data. Scanning and reconstruction techniques were explored using x-ray projections from a 50 sec contrast-enhanced axial scan of a 47 kg swine on a 64-slice MDCT system. Scans were generated with view undersampling factors from 2 to 10. A HYPR reconstruction algorithm was developed in which a fully-sampled composite image is generated from views collected from multiple cardiac cycles within a diastolic window. A time frame image for a heartbeat was produced by modifying the composite with projections from the cycle of interest. Heart rate variations were handled by automatically selecting cardiac window size and number of cycles per composite within defined limits. Cardiac window size averaged 35% of the R-R interval for 2x undersampling and increased to 64% R-R using 10x undersampling. The selected window size and cycles per composite was sensitive to synchrony between heart rate, gantry rate, and the view undersampling pattern. Temporal dynamics and perfusion metrics measured in conventional short-scan (FBP) images were well-reproduced in the undersampled HYPR time series. Mean transit times determined from HYPR myocardial time-density curves agreed to within 8% with the FBP results. The results indicate potential for an order of magnitude reduction in dose requirement per image in cardiac perfusion CT via undersampled scanning and ECG-gated HYPR reconstruction.
Expression of NKp46 Splice Variants in Nasal Lavage Following Respiratory Viral Infection: Domain 1-Negative Isoforms Predominate and Manifest Higher Activity (2017)

The natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NKp46/NCR1 plays a critical role in elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells. The <i>NCR1</i> gene can be transcribed into five different splice variants, but the functional importance and physiological distribution of NKp46 isoforms are not yet fully understood. Here, we shed light on differential expression of NKp46 splice variants in viral respiratory tract infections and their functional difference at the cellular level. NKp46 was the most predominantly expressed natural cytotoxicity receptor in the nasal lavage of patients infected with four respiratory viruses: respiratory syncytia virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, or influenza A. Expression of NKp30 was far lower and NKp44 was absent in all patients. Domain 1-negative NKp46 splice variants (i.e., NKp46 isoform d) were the predominantly expressed isoform in nasal lavage following viral infections. Using our unique anti-NKp46 mAb, D2-9A5, which recognizes the D2 extracellular domain, and a commercial anti-NKp46 mAb, 9E2, which recognizes D1 domain, allowed us to identify a small subset of NKp46 D1-negative splice variant-expressing cells within cultured human primary NK cells. This NKp46 D1-negative subset also showed higher degranulation efficiency in term of CD107a surface expression. NK-92 cell lines expressing NKp46 D1-negative and NKp46 D1-positive splice variants also showed functional differences when interacting with targets. A NKp46 D1-negative isoform-expressing NK-92 cell line showed enhanced degranulation activity. To our knowledge, we provide the first evidence showing the physiological distribution and functional importance of human NKp46 splice variants under pathological conditions.
Type F botulism due to neurotoxigenic Clostridium baratii from an unknown source in an adult (1991)

Type F botulism was confirmed in a 54-year-old male with signs compatible with botulism who reported to the emergency unit of a hospital. Botulinal neurotoxin was detected in the patient's serum and fecal specimens, and a neurotoxigenic organism whose physiologic characteristics correspond to those of Clostridium baratii was isolated. The toxin produced by the isolate was neutralized by type F botulinal antitoxin and cross-neutralized with lower efficiency by type E antitoxin. The patient's food history was not suggestive of botulism, and it seems likely that the illness was due to colonization of the gut.
Scintillation Proximity Assay (1991)

Scintillation proximity assay (SPA) technology has been used to investigate the competitive binding of [125I]endothelin-1 (ET-1) by ET-1, endothelin-2 (ET-2), endothelin-3 (ET-3), sarafotoxin 6b (SFTX-b), and big endothelin (big ET) to endothelin receptors in human placenta and porcine lung. Specific binding of [125I]ET-1 to high-affinity receptors was detected in membranes coupled to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-coated beads impregnated with scintillant (fluomicrospheres). The binding characteristics of ET-1 were similar in both of the tissues studied. In contrast, the receptor-binding properties of ET-2, ET-3, and SFTX-b were different in human placental and porcine lung membranes. This suggests that different endothelin receptor populations exist in these tissues. In addition, the binding characteristics of ET-3 and SFTX-b differed markedly to those of ET-1 and ET-2 in both tissues. This may be due to the four amino acid residue substitution in the N-terminal loop of both ET-3 and SFTX-b. We have also demonstrated that the ET-1 precursor, big ET, competitively inhibits [125I]ET-1 binding in these tissues, but is 100-fold less potent than ET-1.
Feedback controller design of discrete-time singular markovian jump systems with partial transition probabilities (2013)

Stabilization control problem is investigated for a class of discrete-time singular Markovian jump systems with partial transition probabilities. A sufficient condition for the open-loop system to be regular, causal and stochastically stable is proposed in the form of a set of strict linear matrix inequalities. The proposed sufficient condition uses the information of unknown parts of transition probabilities by equivalent transformation instead of minimizing method, so it is less conservative. Furthermore, for the considered systems, a mode-dependent state feedback controller is designed to make sure that the closed-loop system is regular, causal and stochastically stable. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.