gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Glycerol on the Properties of the Cross‐Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Beads (2018)

Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) ( PVA )/glycerol hydrogel beads were created, using saturated boric acid and calcium chloride solution as the chemical crosslinking agents. The structure and properties of the PVA /glycerol hydrogel beads were studied. The results indicated that glycerol could improved the water absorption rate and the swelling rate at equilibrium. Also improved were the capillary water absorption capacity and the permeability of the PVA/glycerol hydrogel beads. The rheological tests showed that glycerol was able to improve the effective crosslinking density of the hydrogel beads. The amount of total water of the PVA /glycerol hydrogel beads slightly increased upon the addition of glycerol.
Benchmarking Big Data Systems: A Review (2017)

With the fast development of big data systems in recent years, a variety of open-source benchmarks have been built to evaluate and compare the workloads on these systems, and to promote their technology improvement. However, to date no comprehensive survey has been written on this topic. This paper attempts to fill the void by presenting a review of the state-of-the-art big data benchmarking efforts. The paper first gives an overview of popular open-source benchmarks from the point of view of big data systems. It then reviews the three important aspects of benchmarking - workload generation techniques, workload input data generation techniques, and metrics used to assess systems. For each aspect, the paper divides the surveyed benchmarks into different categories and describes some representative benchmarks, rather than all benchmarks listed, in each category, following the discussion of potential research directions to motivate future work in this area.
Turn-off switching loss model and analysis of IGBT under different switching operation modes (2002)

Due to its high voltage and current ratings, the IGBT has become more attractive in the high voltage and high current applications than the MOSFET. However, its slow turn-off characteristics, high turn-off losses make it difficult to operate at relatively high switching frequency. Turn-off switching loss model and analysis of IGBT under the hard switching, emitter-open and mixed parallel operations were presented in this paper. Examples of full bridge DC-DC converters using IGBT and MOSFET are analyzed to show that the turn-off switching loss can be significantly reduced if soft turn-off techniques are employed when proper gate controls of IGBTs and MOSFETs are used. It can be seen that these techniques are very attractive in the full bridge type converters for high power applications. The 75 kHz, 100 Watts prototype converter was implemented to verify our theoretical analysis.
Applying learning theories in learning how to teach physical education: a study of teacher education students collaborative learning processes in a project (2021)

The aim of our study was to explore how collaborative learning processes unfold when teacher education students apply learning theories in order to learn how to teach Physical Education in a project carried out in addition to the regular teaching in PETE. In the project’s social practice, 46 student teachers worked in groups to complete four tasks that support learning how to teach based on six learning theories. The tasks were arranged according to a logic of progressive development from understanding learning theories to applying them to develop, analyse and, conceptualize alternative ways to teach physical education (PE). In this 13-week project, the students’ interactions in the course of working with the tasks were video-recorded. Interaction analyses (Jordan, B., & Henderson, A. (1995). Interaction analysis: Foundations and practice. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 4(1), 39–103. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327809jls0401_2) were used to explore situations where students collaboratively learned how to teach in alternative ways in the project’s social practice. The results show that student teachers’ interactions were driven by three main situations that created opportunities to collectively apply learning theories to teaching PE. The first situation derived from a collective need for a shared conceptualization of the learning theories. In the second situation, students were required to create shared concepts for how learning theories could be applied to teaching PE. In the third, they needed to describe and reach consensus on the value of learning to use these theories in relation to teaching PE. In some groups, this led to discussions about innovative ways to teach in PE. The findings indicate that the students work with the tasks facilitated processes that made it possible to explore how collaborative learning processes unfolded and created situations where the students learned to teach using learning theories.
Las mujeres del César (2010)

Con varias mujeres oficialmente reconocidas y un numero impreciso de amantes, Cayo Julio Cesar desarrollo una intensa actividad amorosa. En todo momento se sintio atraido por los beneficios politicos que de ellas podia obtener, y como estadista supo valorar cuales eran las alianzas necesarias para llevar a buen termino sus planes.
Participatory Budgeting without Participants: Identifying Barriers on Accessibility and Usage of German Participatory Budgeting (2017)

Participatory budgeting aims at finding an appropriate solution to meet the increasing demands of citizens worldwide for more transparency and political participation in financial affairs. Several thousand projects related to this topic have been conducted worldwide to date. In Germany, public participation rates in these projects were often below expectations of public administration and politics, rarely surpassing a one-digit percentage of eligible voters. This leads to the question, how can this public disinterest be explained? We conducted an interdisciplinary literature review and considered scientific journals, conferences, monographs and anthologies to identify barriers to accessibility and usage of German participatory budgeting. Our findings show a wide range of reasons that were assumed by scholars to be responsible for low participation rates in participatory budgeting. We developed five meta categories, which summarize the findings topically. Twenty barriers to participation were found. The results of our literature review provide a basis for further scientific examination and allow political and public administration decision-makers to develop measures appropriate to increase participation rates.
Online Brand Communities: A Literature Review (2014)

Competition in the global market is driving companies to find innovative approaches to business. The Internet explosion resulted in the transition from physical business places (companies, shops, etc.) to a virtual ones, creating new sources of competitiveness for those companies that are able to take advantage of this opportunity. Among them, one of the most promising is the online brand communities, born from the combination of conventional (physical) brand communities and Web 2.0 technologies. Indeed, a company exploitation of the online brand communities can hugely increase knowledge about customer needs, preferences and desires (actual and potential). This paper presents a literature review on online brand communities focusing on their distinctive characteristics. We highlight the managerial implications related to the exploitation of online brand communities, identifying which set of key factors companies should leverage on in order to improve their business.
Taking care of yourself: Doable mindfulness activities for your daily routine (CEU) (2015)

The daily grind of health care service can be grueling, and if not careful, the professional can lose track of physical and mental wellbeing (Williams, 2011). Growing awareness in both practice and research has led to emerging evidence in the use of mindfulness activities in cohort with other traditional strategies (Dobkin & Hutchinson, 2013). This presentation will provide evidence base on mindfulness from different areas of occupational therapy, and support from occupational science (Watters, Pearce, Backman, & Suto, 2013). The author will share doablemindfulness strategies to add to routines and habits into the individual’spattern of daily living activities.
Scalable One‐Step Assembly of an Inexpensive Photoelectrode for Water Oxidation by Deposition of a Ti‐ and Ni‐Containing Molecular Precursor on Nanostructured WO3 (2013)

Photoactive in one step! A nanocomposite water-oxidation photocatalyst was assembled by a straightforward and one-step spin-coating procedure of a Ti- and Ni-containing molecule on nanostructured WO3. The photoanode oxidizes water to O2 with good activity and stability in alkaline solution, and thereby features light absorption, charge separation and water-oxidation catalysis (see scheme).
Author Correction: Entanglement of propagating optical modes via a mechanical interface (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Veranderkunst: Communicatiemanagement in praktisch perspectief (2010)

Willy Brouwer, David van Dongen, Monique Haarhuis, Ad de Regt, Raymond Schra, Janine Verhoef met bijdragen van Jaap Boonstra en Wim Elving (2010)
Current Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (1975)

Over a four-year period, 585 patients were hospitalized for massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy diagnosed the cause of bleeding in 80% of 200 patients so studied. Selective angiography localized the bleeding site in 12 of 20 patients, and infusion of vasopressor stopped hemorrhage in six. Barium studies was 90% accurate in diagnosing ulcer disease but failed to detect gastritis. One hundred thirty (22%) patients were operated upon for medically uncontrolled bleeding. The proportion of patients requiring surgery fell from 33% in year one to 13% in year four. Benign ulcer disease caused bleeding in 51% of surgical patients, while gastritis was found in 20%, esophageal varices in 15% and stress ulcer in 8%. Overall operative mortality was 29%. Among 38 duodenal ulcer patients, mortality was 18%. Vagotomy and pyloroplasty were more effective than resection in this group. Resection for distal gastric ulcers in 22 patients resulted in a mortality of 14% and no rebleeding. While V&P controlled bleeding in 12 alcoholics with gastritis, five (42%) died postoperatively. Mortality among 20 patients with esophageal varices was 35%, although all five survived who had porto-caval shunts. Eight of 10 patients operated upon for stress ulcer bleeding died. Postoperative rebleeding occurred in 14 patients, eight of whom were again operated upon. In all but one a new lesion was found to be responsible for hemorrhage. Increasing use of gastroscopy and selective angiography can be expected to improve diagnostic capabilities in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Infusing vasopressor into selected arteries should reduce the need for surgical control of gastritis, variceal and stress ulcer bleeding, conditions poorly managed by current operative techniques.
ACS members elected to the National Academy of Sciences (2020)

The National Academy of Sciences (NAS), which is more than 150 years old, elected 120 new members and 26 foreign associates from 14 countries in May. These elections bring the total active membership to 2,403 and the number of foreign associates—nonvoting members with citizenship outside the US—to 501. Election to NAS recognizes scientists and engineers for their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research and is considered one of the highest scientific honors bestowed in the US. This year, 23 of the newly elected are members of the American Chemical Society or work in areas related to the chemical sciences. The new US members are Dafna Bar-Sagi, New York University School of Medicine; Joel D. Blum, University of Michigan; John F. Brady, California Institute of Technology; Erick M. Carreira, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich; Yifan Cheng, University of California, San Francisco; Giulia Galli, University of Chicago; Gregg A.
Synthesis and Characterization of Neutral and Cationic Magnesium Complexes Supported by NHC Ligands (2019)

A series of neutral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) magnesium alkyl complexes was synthesized by reaction of IMes (IMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and IPr (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) with Grignard reagents. In the presence of THF, the mononuclear species [Mg(IMes)(R)(Br)(THF)] (1, R = Me; 2, R = Et) and [Mg(IPr)(R)(Br)(THF)] (3, R = Me; 4, R = Et) were isolated. Complex 4 was further methylated to afford the Mg–THF adduct [Mg(IPr)(Me)2(THF)] (5), which crystallizes as the dimer [{(Mg(IPr)(Me)}2(μ-Me)2] (5′), thus evidencing the labile THF coordination in these systems. In contrast, in the presence of Et2O, the dinuclear Mg(II) species [{(Mg(NHC)(Br)}2(μ-Me)2] (6, NHC = IMes; 7, NHC = IPr), [{(Mg(IMes)(Ph)}2(μ-Br)2] (8), [{(Mg(IMes)(CH2Ph)}2(μ-Cl)2] (9), and [{(Mg(IPr)(Ph)}2(μ-Br)2] (10) were isolated and characterized. The protonolysis reaction between the protio ligand [IMes-H]Cl and EtMgBr afforded the Mg(II) dihalido dimer [{(Mg(IMes)(Br)}2(μ-Cl)2] (11). The solid-state molecular structures of species 5′ and 6–11 were established through X-ray crystallographic studies. THF adducts 1 and 3 may be readily ionized by a salt metathesis reaction with [BPh4]Na in the presence of THF to yield NHC-supported Mg(II) alkyl cations [{Mg(NHC)(Me)(THF)2}]+ (12, NHC = IMes; 13, NHC = IPr) as BPh4– salts. Reflecting the labile THF coordination to Mg(II) in these cations, the mononuclear cation 12 crystallizes as the dication [{(Mg(IMes)(THF)}2(μ-Me)2]2+ (12′). Only partial ionization of the halido methyl dimer 6 was observed by reaction with [B(C6F5)4]Li in PhBr to afford the tetranuclear NHC–Mg(II) dicationic aggregate [{[Mg(IMes)(Me)][Mg(IMes)]}(μ-Me)2]2(μ-Br)2]2+ (14) as a B(C6F5)4 salt. Computational studies were performed for selected neutral and cationic NHC–Mg(II) derivatives, and all agree with the electronic structure and bonding at Mg(II) being largely dominated by electrostatic interactions.
Hemogenic Endothelial Progenitor Cells Isolated from Human Umbilical Cord Blood (2007)

Hemogenic endothelium has been identified in embryonic dorsal aorta and in tissues generated from mouse embryonic stem cells, but to date there is no evidence for such bipotential cells in postnatal tissues or blood. Here we identify a cell population from human umbilical cord blood that gives rise to both endothelial cells and hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Cord blood CD34+/CD133+ cells plated at high density in an endothelial basal medium formed an endothelial monolayer and a nonadherent cell population after 14-21 days. AML-1, a factor required for definitive hematopoiesis, was detected at low levels in adherent cells and at high levels in nonadherent cells. Nonadherent cells coexpressed the endothelial marker vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and the hematopoietic marker CD45, whereas adherent cells were composed primarily of VE-cadherin+/CD45- cells and a smaller fraction of VE-cadherin+/CD45+ cells. Both nonadherent and adherent cells produced hematopoietic colonies in methylcellulose, with the adherent cells yielding more colony-forming units (CFU)-GEMM compared with the nonadherent cells. To determine whether the adherent endothelial cells were producing hematopoietic progenitors, single cells from the adherent population were expanded in 96-well dishes for 14 days. The clonal populations expressed VE-cadherin, and a subset expressed AML-1, epsilon-globin, and gamma-globin. Three of 17 clonal cell populations gave rise to early CFU-GEMM hematopoietic progenitors and burst-forming unit-erythroid progenitors. These results provide evidence for hemogenic endothelial cells in human umbilical cord blood.
Lignification and Qualitative Changes of Phenolic Compounds in Rice Callus Tissues Inoculated with Plant Pathogenic Fungi (1983)

The formation of lignin or lignin-like substances were investigated in rice callus (Te-Tep) in response to fungal infection (Altemaria brassicicola, Botrytis cinerea, and Aspergillus oryzae). Lignification, regardless of infection, was not observed in rice callus. However, ferulic acid was detected as a degradation product (alkaline hydrolysis and alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation) of the callus cell wall by means of TLC and GC-MS. The amount of this substance increased with inoculation of Aspergillus oryzae. Spore germination and the mycelial growth of A. brassicicola was not affected by ferulic acid. Qualitative changes of free phenols were also examined in relation to rice callus infected with plant pathogenic fungi. Free phenols such as vanillic, syringic, protocatechuic, caffeic and ferulic acids were not detected in rice callus tissues/Only traces of/?-coumaric and/^-hydroxy benzoic acids were detected.
Overlaid parallel coupled inset dielectric guides for broadband applications to directional couplers (2002)

Overlaid parallel coupled inset dielectric guides are proposed for broadband applications to directional couplers, and analyzed by using the integral equation formulation and Galerkin's procedure. Results are presented to illustrate effects of thickness and dielectric constant of the overlay on propagation and coupling characteristics. It is found that by suitable choice of these parameters very flat coupling can be achieved for a wide frequency range.
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: value of percutaneous microwave coagulation. (1995)

Our preliminary experience suggests that PMCT may be a useful alternative to other forms of interstitial therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas.
Editorial (1990)

The findings that NMDA receptors for excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters participate in a major and unique way to promote long-lasting changes in brain organization and function have major importance for psychobiology.For example, NMDA receptors appear to contribute to the establishment of brain dysfunctions subsequent to trauma (e.g., anoxia), as well as to the molding of the brain during development.NMDA receptors also make significant contributions to the establishment oflong-term potentiation, a neurophysiological analogue of memory.The latter findings in particular have led to investigations ofthe effects ofNMDA receptor antagonists on behavioral measures of learning and memory, with findings suggesting that learning and memory are impaired by such treatments.
Analysis of magnetic amplifiers without diodes (1959)

Although there are many methods and procedures for analyzing complex circuits, probably the best-known general approach is to apply an organized, systematic procedure to the combination of the analytic expressions for the voltage-current characteristics of the individual circuit elements. To be able to apply this method of attack, it is essential that the characteristics of the individual circuit elements, if such elements can be defined, can be represented by analytic expressions, and that an organized method exists where the analytic representations of the individual circuit elements can be combined to yield the desired result.
Synaptic Modulation of Conductivity and Magnetism in a CoPt‐Based Electrochemical Transistor (2022)

Among various types of neuromorphic devices toward artificial intelligence, the electrochemical synaptic transistor emerges, in which the channel conductance is modulated by the insertion of ions according to the history of gate voltage across the electrolyte. Despite the striking progress in exploring novel channel materials, few studies report on the ferromagnetic metal‐based synaptic transistors, limiting the development of spin‐based neuromorphic devices. Herein, synaptic modulation of both conductivity and magnetism based on an electrochemical transistor with a metallic channel of ferromagnetic CoPt alloy is presented. Its essential synaptic functionalities in the transistor are demonstrated, including depression and potentiation of synaptic weight and paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF). Then, short‐to‐long‐term plasticity transition induced by different gate parameters, such as amplitude, duration, and frequency, is shown. Furthermore, the device presents multilevel and reversible nonvolatile states in both conductivity and coercivity. The results demonstrate simultaneous modulation of conductivity and magnetism, paving the way for building future spin‐based multifunctional synaptic devices.
Bottleneck Footprints in TCP over Mobile Internet Accesses (2007)

In this paper we propose a novel method to detect a bottleneck in the core section of a mobile network using TCP related counters. The dataset used in this work consists of the full TCP statistics for two different UMTS SGSNs over four different one-day periods: one day in March 2006 and three consecutive days in September 2006. We derived the number of packets and the number of retransmissions per individual user during the peak hours. These two quantities were put into scatterplots to derive "footprints" of global TCP behavior in the SGSN areas. One of the traces contained a capacity bottleneck on an SGSN link. This trace was taken as the reference footprint for bottleneck presence. Based on such reference we developed a method to infer the presence of future bottlenecks based on footprint similarity. We tested two different distance metrics. It turns out that the simple correlation performs similar to a much more sophisticated function based on a ratio of symmetriezed Kullback-Leibler distances.
Acute effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser-induced uveitis in dogs (1991)

Dogs were treated with flunixin meglumine, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; L-651,896, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; and matrine, a herbal anti-inflammatory drug. Acute inflammation was induced in the eyes by disruption of the anterior lens capsule, using a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser. Intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, and eicosanoid production in the aqueous humor were measured. Statistically significant effects were seen in the eyes of flunixin meglumine-treated dogs where mydriasis was maintained and aqueous prostaglandin E2 concentration was reduced.
A simple estimation procedure of roll-rate derivatives for finned vehicles (1984)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Reflux sign in cholescintigraphy after administration of a gallbladder contracting agent. (1989)

This study reviewed 12 patients with the reflux sign in cholescintigraphy to assess its diagnostic usefulness in evaluating biliary passage. The reflux sign was determined by appearance or increase of the radioactivity in peripheral intrahepatic bile ducts after intramuscular injection of 10 micrograms of ceruletide diethylamine (caerulein). Of the 12 patients, there were common bile duct (CBD) stone in four, chronic pancreatitis in two, biliary dyskinesia in two, papillary adenoma of the CBD, dilated CBD, papillitis, and juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum in one each. Cholangiographically, dilated caliber of the CBD more than or equal to 12 mm was found in five and equivocal caliber of 8 to 11 mm was in the remaining seven. Apparent stenosis of the CBD was found in four with dilated CBD. There were two patients who had CBD stone with equivocal caliber of the CBD. The reflux sign seems to be a sensitive finding indicating the presence of biliary dysfunction, and would be helpful for the detection of incomplete obstruction of the CBD or CBD stone, especially in a patient with equivocal caliber of the CBD.