gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GOD’S ECONOMY – THEOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE BEAUTY OF GOD IN THE LIGHT OF THE CURRENT GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS (2013)

In this article I intend to show the inner connection between the beauty of the creation and the identity of the infinite and trinitarian God. In my opinion this connection makes it meaningful to reflect on the entire work of God and offers, moreover, I hope, a coherent relation between my thesis and the first main Conference theme: “Where on earth is God? Theological reflection on the identity of the triune God in the light of the current global environmental crisis”.
The Reflection Map: A New Tool for Frequency to Time Domain Study of 1D Acoustical Systems (2009)

The time domain determination of the impulse response, or the reflection function of an acoustical system from data expressed in the frequency domain, is not immediate. Signal processing from frequency domain to time domain may involve non physical phenomena of large amplitude as unphysical oscillations known as Signal processing techniques based on filtering in the frequency domain are often used to limit or remove this ripple. These techniques involve modifications on the original data and on the resulting time domain function. The aim of this study is to present a new tool to avoid such modifications: The reflection map. Its use combined with a new observable directly obtained from the reflection function, the integrated squared reflection function, allows a minimization of the ripple phenomenon that we show is impossible to eliminate except for a cylindrical tube.
Risk assessment of intake of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from herbal teas and medicines following realistic exposure scenarios (2019)

In this study five types of herbal teas were used to quantify the effect of comminution of the leaves on resulting PA exposure. Results show that PA levels extracted from intact leaves were consistently lower than from comminuted tea leaves. The Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach was applied to evaluate the consequences of this difference for the associated risks in the scenario of lifetime exposure. Furthermore, we considered medicinal use of these teas for shorter-than-lifetime exposure scenarios, and also analysed the risks of shorter-than-lifetime use of eight herbal medicines and 19 previously analysed plant food supplements. This analysis revealed that shorter-than-lifetime use resulted in MOE values < 10,000 upon use for 40-3450 weeks during a lifetime, with for only a limited number of herbal teas and medicines use of two weeks a year (150 weeks during a 75 year lifetime) would still raise a concern. It is concluded that taking more realistic conditions into account markedly reduces the concerns raised for these herbal preparations. These results also illustrate the need for development of a generally accepted method for taking short term exposure into account in risk assessment of compounds that are genotoxic and carcinogenic.
Tissue dissection with ultrafast laser using extended and multiple foci (2010)

Ultrashort lasers are typically utilized for tissue dissection by sequential application of tightly focused beam along a scanning pattern. Each pulse creates a small (on the order of 1&mu;m) zone of multiphoton ionization (optical breakdown). At energies exceeding vaporization threshold cavitation bubble is formed around the focal volume. A continuous cut is formed if the rupture zones produced by separate bubbles coalesce. We present an alternative approach, in which an extended zone of tissue is cut by simultaneous application of laser energy in multiple foci. Simultaneous formation of multiple cavitation bubbles results in hydrodynamic interactions that can lead to significant extension of the rupture zone in tissue. Two simultaneously expanding bubbles compress and strain material between them, while simultaneously collapsing bubbles can produce jets towards each other. We calculated and experimentally imaged the flow dynamics of expanding and collapsing bubbles and obtained maps of tissue deformation. With the measured tissue threshold strain, the deformation map allows predicting the rupture zone as a function of maximum bubble size and distance between the bubbles. We also demonstrate an optical system producing 1 mm long dissection with a single laser pulse. A combination of a lens and an axicon produces a line of optical breakdown, with aspect ratio 250:1. The subsequent cavitation bubble has aspect ratio 100:1 at early stage of expansion. We calculated an optimal laser beam intensity profile to create axiallyuniform elongated ionization pattern.
Waxy and non-waxy barley cultivars exhibit differences in the targeting and catalytic activity of GBSS1a (2016)

Amylose synthesis is strictly associated with activity of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) enzymes. Among several crops there are cultivars containing starch types with either little or no amylose known as near-waxy or waxy. This (near) amylose-free phenotype is associated with a single locus (waxy) which has been mapped to GBSS-type genes in different crops. Most waxy varieties are a result of either low or no expression of a GBSS gene. However, there are some waxy cultivars where the GBSS enzymes are expressed normally. For these types, single nucleotide polymorphisms have been hypothesized to represent amino-acid substitutions leading to loss of catalytic activity. We here confirm that the HvGBSSIa enzyme from one such waxy barley variety, CDC_Alamo, has a 90% reduction in catalytic activity. We also engineered plants with expression of transgenic C-terminal green fluorescent protein-tagged HvGBSSIa of both the non-waxy type and of the CDC_Alamo type to monitor their subcellular localization patterns in grain endosperm. HvGBSSIa from non-waxy cultivars was found to localize in discrete concentric spheres strictly within starch granules. In contrast, HvGBSSIa from waxy CDC_Alamo showed deficient starch targeting mostly into unknown subcellular bodies of 0.5-3 µm in size, indicating that the waxy phenotype of CDC_Alamo is associated with deficient targeting of HvGBSSIa into starch granules.
pH‐Responsive Release of Acetal‐Linked Melittin from SBA‐15 Mesoporous Silica (2011)

Free to go: A pH-labile immobilization of the melittin peptide with acetal linkers in the pore system of a SBA-15 host allows release of the peptide upon decrease of the pH value from 7.4 to 5.5. Such a release is shown by melittin-induced lysis of mouse erythrocytes. The method could be used to prepare new silica-based peptide delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species–Dependent Hypertension in Dopamine D 2 Receptor–Deficient Mice (2006)

Dysfunction of D2-like receptors has been reported in essential hypertension. Disruption of D2R in mice (D2-/-) results in high blood pressure, and several D2R polymorphisms are associated with decreased D2R expression. Because D2R agonists have antioxidant activity, we hypothesized that increased blood pressure in D2-/- is related to increased oxidative stress. D2-/- mice had increased urinary excretion of 8-isoprostane, a parameter of oxidative stress; increased activity of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in renal cortex; increased expression of the reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4; and decreased expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme-oxygenase-2 in the kidneys, suggesting that regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by D2R involves both pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems. Apocynin, a reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor, or hemin, an inducer of heme oxigenase-1, normalized the blood pressure in D2-/- mice. Because D2Rs in the adrenal gland are implicated in aldosterone regulation, we evaluated whether alterations in aldosterone secretion contribute to ROS production in this model. Urinary aldosterone was increased in D2-/- mice and its response to a high-sodium diet was impaired. Spirolactone normalized the blood pressure in D2-/- mice and the renal expression of Nox1 and Nox4, indicating that the increased blood pressure and ROS production are, in part, mediated by impaired aldosterone regulation. However, spironolactone did not normalize the excretion of 8-isoprostane and had no effect on expression of Nox2 or heme-oxygenase-2. Our results show that the D2R is involved in the regulation of ROS production and that, by direct and indirect mechanisms, altered D2R function may result in ROS-dependent hypertension.
Sacrifice, Gratitude, and Obligation: Serial Reciprocity in Early Christianity (2012)

Purpose – Uses Kenneth Boulding's concept of “serial reciprocity” in conjunction with information about the evolution of emotions and social exchange processes to identify possible mechanisms that can help explain the rise of early Christianity.Design/methodology/approach – Using the concept of serial reciprocity as a central organizing principle, a theoretical account is developed that integrates ideas from evolutionary sociology, the sociology of emotions, and exchange theory in order to extend Rodney Stark's analysis of social forces responsible for the success of early Christianity as a social movement.Findings – Patterns of serial reciprocity may develop when evolved emotions such as gratitude, sympathy, and empathy are activated by recipients of altruism who, in turn, become motivated to repay their benefactor by transmitting a benefit to a third-party recipient. Historical evidence reviewed by Stark is consistent with the claim that serial reciprocity may have conferred benefits to victims suffering from plagues that swept the Roman Empire during the early history of Christianity. Similar processes may be operating today in regions of the world in which aid workers provide assistance to victims of natural and man-made disasters.Originality/value – This analysis demonstrates the value of integrating conventional sociological analysis and evolutionary theory to gain new explanatory insights about social processes such as serial reciprocity that have received relatively little prior attention by sociological researchers.
Accuracy improvement of a neurosurgical robot system (2008)

Neurosurgery was the first field of application for robots in interventional medicine 20 years ago, and since then dozens of research projects have been focusing on brain and spine surgery, differently addressing the challenges of accuracy and effectiveness. We have developed a cooperatively-controlled system to assist with skull base drilling, to improve the safety and quality of neurosurgery while reducing the operating time. This paper presents the entire system, the preliminary results of phantom and cadaver tests and our efforts to improve the accuracy of the components. The residual error of NeuroMate robot calibration was reduced by 24%, while decreasing the noise of the integrated StealthStation navigation system by 53%. An effective optical tracking based patient motion compensation method has been implemented and tested. The results verify the effectiveness of the system and allow for further research. We hope that by improving the accuracy and safety, we can one day introduce this system into clinical use.
Effects of Weaning and Naloxone on Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Postpartum Ewes1 (1988)

The effects of weaning and naloxone on concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) at 20 days postpartum were examined. March-lambing Finnish Landrace x Southdown ewes (n = 20) were bled via jugular venipuncture at 10-min intervals for 4 h. Naloxone (1 mg/kg bodyweight) was administered i.v. at 60, 120, and 180 min. Treatment groups were suckled (S), weaned on Day 17 (W), suckled plus naloxone (SN), and weaned plus naloxone (WN). Mean concentrations of LH were calculated for 0-60, 70-120, 130-180, and 190-240 min time intervals. Analysis of variance indicated a group effect (p = 0.03) and a group x time interaction (p = 0.02). Concentrations of LH followed a cubic pattern in SN (p = 0.03) and WN (p = 0.08) ewes, whereas LH levels decreased (p less than 0.05) in a pattern consisting of linear and quadratic trends in S and W ewes. Concentrations of LH in S and W ewes were similar at 0-60 and 190-240 min. W ewes had lower (p less than 0.05) concentrations of LH than S ewes at 70-120 and 130-190 min. Further analysis revealed that LH was elevated in SN ewes (p = 0.01) and WN ewes (p = 0.07) at 70-120 min, but was not significantly elevated at 130-180 min. At 190-240 min LH was increased in SN ewes (p = 0.03), but LH levels in WN ewes were similar to those of SN ewes as well as to those of S control ewes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of temperature gradients in (reverse) electrodialysis in the Ohmic regime (2017)

Electrodialysis (ED) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are processes for the production of desalinated water (ED) and power (RED). Temperature of the feed streams can strongly influence the performance of both processes. In this research, commercial membranes are used for the investigation of temperature and temperature gradients on ED and RED processes. We find that the energy required for ED processes can be reduced by 9% if the temperature of one of the feed streams is increased by 20 °C, while maintaining the charge-selectivity of the membranes. The direction of the temperature gradient did not have a significant influence on the efficiency and selectivity of ED in the Ohmic regime. In RED, we find an increase in obtained gross power density over 25% for the process when one feed stream is heated to 40 °C instead of 20 °C. This work experimentally demonstrates that utilization of low-grade waste heat from industrial processes can yield significant reduction of energy costs in ED processes, or result in higher power densities for RED systems where the increase in temperature of a single feed stream already yields significant efficiency improvements.
The Femur in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Evaluation and Classification (2004)

Femoral revision total hip arthroplasty is a technically demanding procedure. In addition to these technical issues, preoperative planning can be challenging and with multiple reconstructive options available, the decision-making process can be complex. The ability to preoperatively determine the most appropriate option for reconstruction greatly assists with ensuring that the appropriate implants and instruments are available at the time of surgery. A classification of femoral bone loss is presented that guides the surgeon in selecting an appropriate method of reconstruction.
New genes for tRNAPhe, tRNALeu, and tRNAThrfromSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)

Journal Article New genes for tRNA Phe , tRNA Leu , and tRNA Thr from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Get access R. Stucka, R. Stucka Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie der Universität MünchenGoethestrasse 33, D 8000 München 2, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Nelböck, P. Nelböck Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie der Universität MünchenGoethestrasse 33, D 8000 München 2, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Krieg, R. Krieg Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie der Universität MünchenGoethestrasse 33, D 8000 München 2, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Schwarzlose, C. Schwarzlose Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie der Universität MünchenGoethestrasse 33, D 8000 München 2, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Feldmann H. Feldmann Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie der Universität MünchenGoethestrasse 33, D 8000 München 2, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Issue 1, 11 January 1991, Page 179, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.1.179 Published: 11 January 1991 Article history Received: 20 November 1990 Published: 11 January 1991
Viewfinder Alignment (2008)

Abstract The viewfinder of a digital camera has traditionally been used for one purpose: to display to the user a preview of what is seen through the camera's lens. High quality cameras are now available on devices such as mobile phones and PDAs, which provide a platform where the camera is a programmable device, enabling applications such as online computational photography, computer vision‐based interactive gaming, and augmented reality. For such online applications, the camera viewfinder provides the user's main interaction with the environment. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for aligning successive viewfinder frames. First, an estimate of inter‐frame translation is computed by aligning integral projections of edges in two images. The estimate is then refined to compute a full 2D similarity transformation by aligning point features. Our algorithm is robust to noise, never requires storing more than one viewfinder frame in memory, and runs at 30 frames per second on standard smartphone hardware. We use viewfinder alignment for panorama capture, low‐light photography, and a camera‐based game controller.
Multifunctional Surfaces for Improving Soft Tissue Integration (2021)

Metallic implants are widely used in diverse clinical applications to aid in recovery from lesions or to replace native hard tissues. However, the lack of integration of metallic surfaces with soft tissue interfaces causes the occurrence of biomaterial-associated infections, which can trigger a complicated inflammatory response and, ultimately, implant failure. Here, a multifunctional implant surface showing nanoscale anisotropy, based on the controlled deposition of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and biological activity derived from platelet lysate (PL) biomolecules sequestered and presented on CNC surface, is proposed. The anisotropic radial nanopatterns are produced on polished titanium surfaces by spin-coating CNC at high speed. Furthermore, CNC surface chemistry allows to further sequester and form a coating of bioactive molecules derived from PL. The surface anisotropy provided by CNC guides fibroblasts growth and alignment up to 14 days of culture. Moreover, PL-derived biomolecules polarize macrophages toward the M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype. These results suggest that the developed multifunctional surfaces can promote soft tissue integration to metallic implants and, at the same time, prevent bacterial invasion, tissue inflammation, and failure of biomedical metallic implants.
Handbook of Human Tissue Sources: A National Resource of Human Tissue Samples (1999)

To date, no central database captures information about stored tissue samples. This handbook serves as a national resource, to bring together for the first time, in a single document, information about tissue storage in the United States. It provides information about several aspects of stored tissue samples, such as how many samples exist in the United States, where they are, who has access to them, and for what purposes they are used. A conservative estimate from the tissue collections described in this book is that more than 307 million specimens from more than 178 million cases are stored in the United States, accumulating at a rate of more than 20 million per year. This handbook will be a valuable resource for researchers who require tissue samples for studies in genetics, cancer, immunology, physiology, and cell biology, among many other disciplines. In addition, it should be useful to policymakers, physicians, and other professionals in fields related to health care.
Diagnostic value of plasma microbial cell-free DNA sequencing in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023)

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at increased risk for a wide spectrum of infections, including opportunistic infections with atypical presentations. Diagnosis can be challenging and often requires extensive testing and invasive procedures. Sequencing of plasma microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) allows non-invasive untargeted detections of human pathogens, making this modality appealing for this patient population. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of sequencing of plasma mcfDNA for infections in HSCT recipients. We searched for relevant articles in BASE, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 1996 to November 2022. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the diagnostic performance of sequencing of plasma mcfDNA and included HSCT recipients with sufficient data to assign plasma mcfDNA test results as true positive, true negative, false positive, or false negative, which were used to calculate diagnostic test accuracy. A total of 6 studies and 69 patients were included. All included studies were published in 2019 or later and were conducted in the United States. Three studies were exclusively pediatric, two exclusively adult, and one a mixture of both adult and pediatric patients. The pooled sensitivity was 0.90 (95% CI 0.71-0.97) and the pooled specificity was 0.75 (0.49-0.90). The high pooled diagnostic odds ratio suggests that sequencing of plasma mcfDNA may have a unique diagnostic role in HSCT recipients. Its high sensitivity and capability to detect a broad array of pathogens makes it a promising adjunct to traditional diagnostic testing.
A note on the metabolism of 5α-androst-16-en-3-one in the young boar in vivo (1983)

The metabolism of plasma 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one (androstenone) was studied in two young boars weighing about 100 kg in which a single dose of tritiated androstenone was injected intravenously. The peripheral blood of one boar was continuously sampled for 6 h after injection; the total radioactivity per liter of plasma increased up to 14 min after the injection, and then declined rather slowly since plasma radioactivity was still measurable 7 days after injection. The metabolic clearance rate of androstenone was calculated to be about 80 000 liters per day. This quick disappearance of plasma androstenone was probably mainly due to storage in fatty tissue and, to a lesser extent, to catabolism into 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3 alpha-ol, 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3 beta-ol and particularly into unknown more polar compounds of which there were at least three. Radioactivity was mainly eliminated in the urine in the form of the same unknown polar compounds.
<title>Laser damage of skin by 1540-nm Er-glass laser radiation: impact on laser safety standards</title> (1996)

The skin response was studied for different radiant exposure of short and long laser pulses and reaction to multipulse action using Er-glass laser radiation. Lesion ranging from a mild erythema to tissue coagulation were produced on porcine skin. Radiant exposure producing 50 percent probability of a particular grade of lesion were established. A dependence of ED50 of minimum erythema versus number of pulses and beam cross section were studied. The dose-response relationship for producing different grades of burns were determined for energy densities of single laser pulse within the range 0.5- 35 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and pulse duration 100 ns and 3 ms. The single pulse dose in a chain of repetitive pluses producing minimum erythema were determined for 2<SUP>n</SUP>(n equals 1-6 pulses). The minimum reaction of skin on laser irradiance were studied for different beam diameter. The reaction of skin is mostly considered as local super heating. The data obtained are adequate to update safety standards for cutaneous injury within thee ranges of radiant exposure and beam spotsize.