gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Protein Containing a Serine-rich Domain with Vesicle Fusing Properties Mediates Cell Cycle-dependent Cytosolic pH Regulation (2000)

Initial differentiation in Dictyostelium involves both asymmetric cell division and a cell cycle-dependent mechanism. We previously identified a gene, rtoA, which when disrupted randomizes the cell cycle-dependent mechanism without affecting either the underlying cell cycle or asymmetric differentiation. We find that in wild-type cells, RtoA levels vary during the cell cycle. Cytosolic pH, which normally varies with the cell cycle, is randomized in rtoA cells. The middle 60% of the RtoA protein is 10 tandem repeats of an 11 peptide-long serine-rich motif, which we find has a random coil structure. This domain catalyzes the fusion of phospholipid vesicles in vitro. Conversely, rtoA cells have a defect in the fusion of endocytic vesicles. They also have a decreased exocytosis rate, a decreased pH of endocytic/exocytic vesicles, and an increased average cytosolic pH. Our data indicate that the serine-rich domain of RtoA can mediate membrane fusion and that RtoA can increase the rate of vesicle fusion during processing of endoctyic vesicles. We hypothesize that RtoA modulates initial cell type choice by linking vegetative cell physiology to the cell cycle.
Aquaporin-4 Gene Polymorphisms in Neuromyelitis Optica and Recurrent Optic Neuritis (2020)

Objective: Although Aquaporin-4 (Aqp-4) gene polymorphisms have been extensively studied in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), there is little evidence on the involvement of Aqp-4 in the pathogenesis of relapsing optic neuritis (RON). Materials and Methods: In our study, we recruited patients who were followed by Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis and Myelin Disorders Unit between 1979 and 2015. Blood samples of the patients were genotyped for potential variants in the exons and the nearby regions of Aqp-4 gene. Results: The Aqp-4 gene was sequenced in 15 patients with RON who were seronegative, 33 patients with NMOSD, and 30 healthy controls. None of the patients showed previously described single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Three new SNPs were identified in non-exonic regions of the gene. One intronic SNP located in close proximity to the fifth exon had a higher prevalence in patients with RON than patients with NMOSD and healthy controls. Conclusion: Aqp-4 SNPs show a considerable heterogeneous geographic distribution and might be involved in RON pathogenesis.
Oocyte collection and in vitro maturation after train transportation of human follicular fluid aspirated from resected non‐stimulated ovaries of patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma (2019)

In this preliminary study, the usefulness of the transportation of HFF was limited. Further studies on maintaining oocyte normality during transportation are necessary for becoming the effective method for research and clinical use.
Prospective Analysis of Complications 30 Days After Outpatient Upper Endoscopy Fig. 1 (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare complication rates reported by patients 30 days after outpatient upper endoscopy with those discussed at our monthly morbidity and mortality conference. We also intended to establish which complications were reported most frequently 30 days after upper endoscopy, and which patients or procedures involved the highest risk. METHODS: Trained interviewers performed standardized telephone interviews on consecutive outpatients undergoing upper endoscopy over a 1-yr period. Patients were queried regarding potential events related to their upper endoscopy in the 30 days subsequent, including symptoms, emergency room (ER) and/or physician visits, and hospitalizations. The indications, findings, and therapies were reviewed from endoscopic reports. RESULTS: A total of 473 patients were contacted 30 days after outpatient upper endoscopy and agreed to participate in our study. The most common complications reported by patients at 30 days were sore throat (9.5%) and abdominal discomfort (5.3%). Twelve patients (2.5%) required an ER/physician visit and five patients (1.1%) required hospitalization. The minority of both ER/physician visits (16.7%) and hospitalizations (40%) were discussed at our monthly morbidity and mortality conferences. CONCLUSIONS: More complications were reported by patients 30 days after outpatient upper endoscopy than were discussed at our monthly morbidity and mortality conferences. The most frequent complications reported by patients were sore throat and abdominal pain. The minority of ER/physician visits and hospitalizations were discussed at our morbidity and mortality conferences.
Condensation heat transfer on superhydrophobic surfaces (2013)

Condensation is a phase change phenomenon often encountered in nature, as well as used in industry for applications including power generation, thermal management, desalination, and environmental control. For the past eight decades, researchers have focused on creating surfaces allowing condensed droplets to be easily removed by gravity for enhanced heat transfer performance. Recent advancements in nanofabrication have enabled increased control of surface structuring for the development of superhydrophobic surfaces with even higher droplet mobility and, in some cases, coalescence-induced droplet jumping. Here, we provide a review of new insights gained to tailor superhydrophobic surfaces for enhanced condensation heat transfer considering the role of surface structure, nucleation density, droplet morphology, and droplet dynamics. Furthermore, we identify challenges and new opportunities to advance these surfaces for broad implementation in thermofluidic systems.
Suppression effects in two-channel separableS01ΛNpotentials (1976)

A two-channel $\mathrm{YN}$ potential with a single nonlocal separable from in each of the four potential matrix elements is used to represent the low-energy $^{1}S_{0}$ $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ interaction. An attempt is made to determine the parameters of this model by matching its prediction for the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ scattering length and effective range to the values given by the 1972 Brown, Downs, and Iddings (BDI2) meson-theoretic potential with the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\ensuremath{\Sigma}N$ and the $\ensuremath{\Sigma}N\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\ensuremath{\Sigma}N$ interactions unsuppressed and completely suppressed. It is shown that independent of the shapes assumed for the separable forms this cannot be done. With only $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\ensuremath{\Sigma}N$ suppression used in the determination of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ scattering parameters, it is found that, as in earlier works, an unwanted $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ resonance occurs. By varying one of these parameters away from the BDI2 value, this resonance is eliminated, and the shape dependence of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ phase shift is investigated for this case.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $\mathrm{YN}$ potential, $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N$ scattering length and effective ranges, two-channel separable potential, $\ensuremath{\Lambda}N\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\ensuremath{\Sigma}N$ suppression.
Supplementary Data Table S2 from Selective Vulnerability to Pyrimidine Starvation in Hematologic Malignancies Revealed by AG-636, a Novel Clinical-Stage Inhibitor of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Genome-wide CRISPR depletion screen data&lt;/p&gt;
Skin thickness and collagen content in progressive systemic sclerosis and localized scleroderma (1979)

Skin biopsies of uniform location and surface area (7 mm diameter) were obtained from the extensor aspect of the forearm of 147 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) (107 with diffuse scleroderma, 40 with the CREST syndrome variant) and 58 individuals with normal skin. After careful removal of all subcutaneous fatty tissue, the skin cores were weighed and their water and hydroxyproline content determined. Despite recent claims to the contrary, it was found that there is a marked and highly significant increase in the thickness of the skin during the indurative phase of PSS, and that this is associated with a proportionate increase in total dermal collagen content. A similar degree of thickening was found in the skin of patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and acromegaly. A close correlation was observed between clinical estimation of the degree of skin thickening and the weight of the skin biopsy cores. Change in the weight of skin cores was observed during the course of illness of the patients with PSS and may serve as a useful measurement of alteration in the degree of skin thickening.
Microsensors in plant biology: in vivo visualization of inorganic analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution (2020)

This Expert View provides an update on the recent development of new microsensors, and briefly summarizes some novel applications of existing microsensors, in plant biology research. Two major topics are covered: (i) sensors for gaseous analytes (O2, CO2, and H2S); and (ii) those for measuring concentrations and fluxes of ions (macro- and micronutrients and environmental pollutants such as heavy metals). We show that application of such microsensors may significantly advance understanding of mechanisms of plant-environmental interaction and regulation of plant developmental and adaptive responses under adverse environmental conditions via non-destructive visualization of key analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution. Examples included cover a broad range of environmental situations including hypoxia, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity. We highlight the power of combining microsensor technology with other advanced biophysical (patch-clamp, voltage-clamp, and single-cell pressure probe), imaging (MRI and fluorescent dyes), and genetic techniques and approaches. We conclude that future progress in the field may be achieved by applying existing microsensors for important signalling molecules such as NO and H2O2, by improving selectivity of existing microsensors for some key analytes (e.g. Na, Mg, and Zn), and by developing new microsensors for P.
L’inflammation dans la physiopathologie et le traitement du diabète de type 2 et de ses complications (2021)

Le rôle de l’inflammation chronique dans la pathogénie du diabète de type 2 et des complications associées est maintenant bien établi. Les interventions thérapeutiques contrecarrent l’inflammation métabolique, améliorent la sécrétion et l’action de l’insuline, le contrôle de la glycémie, et peuvent prévenir les complications à long terme. Ainsi, un certain nombre de médicaments anti-inflammatoires, autorisés pour le traitement d’autres maladies inflammatoires, sont évalués chez les patients souffrant du syndrome métabolique. Les études cliniques les plus avancées sont réalisées avec les antagonistes de l’interleukine-1 (IL-1). Ces études montrent une amélioration de la sécrétion d’insuline et de la régulation de la glycémie, la prévention des maladies cardiovasculaires et de l’insuffisance cardiaque. De plus, en bloquant l’IL-1, on améliore en même temps la polyarthrite rhumatoïde et la glycémie. Cependant, des inhibiteurs de l’inflammasome, qui préviennent la production de l’IL-1, et des traitements anti-inflammatoires alternatifs sont en développement et pourraient être indiqués en fonction des prédispositions génétiques, de la durée et de la gravité de la maladie. Ainsi, il est nécessaire d’avoir des études cliniques bien conçues pour mettre en œuvre les médicaments anti-inflammatoires les mieux adaptés au traitement des personnes souffrant du syndrome métabolique et des troubles associés. The role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its associated complications is well established. Therapeutic interventions reducing metabolic inflammation improve insulin secretion and action, glucose control, and may prevent long-term complications. Thus, a number of anti-inflammatory drugs approved for the treatment of other inflammatory conditions have been evaluated in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Most advanced are the clinical studies with interleukin-1 (IL-1) antagonists showing improved β-cell function and glycemia, prevention of cardiovascular diseases and heart failure. Furthermore, blocking IL-1 improves both rheumatoid arthritis and glycemia. However, inflammasome inhibitors that prevent IL-1 production and alternative anti-inflammatory therapies are in development and may be indicated depending on genetic predisposition, disease duration and severity. There is a need for well-designed clinical studies so that the most appropriate anti-inflammatory drugs can be recommended for the treatment of people with the metabolic syndrome and associated disorders.
Reaction Kinetics for the Development of Radiation-induced Chromosome Aberrations (1991)

The formation of chromosome aberrations from DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) following ionizing irradiation of cells is analysed using a stochastic, continuous-time Markov chain formalism. A restitution/complete exchange model is proposed which incorporates kinetic competition between dsb restitution and chromosome exchange; it applies primarily to those dsb whose broken ends are held in close proximity by proteins. Some additional pathways for damage evolution are also considered. The calculations are compared in detail to the experiments on dicentric yield and variance in human lymphocytes following acute low-LET irradiation summarized by Lloyd and Edwards (1983) and Lloyd et al. (1987). It was found that dicentric formation by pairwise dsb interactions can lead to a dicentric yield/dose curve with a significant linear component even if one-track action is neglected. In other words a dicentric formation rate quadratic in the dsb number does not automatically imply a dicentric yield quadratic in the dose. However, the data indicate that at least in some experiments there could have been a significant one-track contribution to the dicentric yield in addition to the intertrack contributions analysed in the present paper. From the data the order of magnitude of the dsb interaction rate constant is estimated to be at most approximately 3 x 10(-3) exchanges per dsb pair per hour. It was found that for the reaction pathways considered, a initial Poisson distribution of dsb leads to an underdispersed distribution of dicentrics; the amount of underdispersion is strongly model-dependent and the variance data are consistent with the restitution/complete exchange model. Finally, a general mathematical theorem on Markov models is presented. It implies that assays performed after repair and exchange are completed cannot determine absolute repair or exchange rates, only their ratio (which may depend on lesion number).
Beta-blockers for vascular surgery and angioplasty for renal artery stenosis. (2001)

Nesiritide is the generic name for recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide. This drug represents the first of a new class of agents for the treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure. The properties of B-type natriuretic peptide include a balanced arterial and venous vasodilatation and a marked natriuresis and diuresis, making it an excellent drug for the management of heart failure. We review the physiology and pathophysiology of the natriuretic peptides and the clinical data for nesiritide. In addition, the hemodynamic effects of the drug as well as its efficacy and safety in the treatment of heart failure are critiqued. Nesiritide is a new class of therapeutic peptide for the treatment of heart failure that appears to offer unique and safe hemodynamic properties.
Materials and development of plastics packaging for the consumer market (2000)

Technical and commercial considerations Types of plastics materials, barrier properties and applications Structural design, CAD / CAM, performance, finite element analysis Rapid prototyping and tooling Design and decoration formats Development of flexible plastics packaging Plastics in active packaging The changing image of plastics packaging in the marketplace Plastics packaging and the environment Recycling and reuse of plastics packaging for the consumer market Appendix: Analysis of polymer usage for plastics packaging in Western Europe List of Polymers Index.
Comparing SVD and SDAE for Analysis of Islamist Forum Postings (2015)

We analyze postings in the Turn to Islam forum using techniques based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and the deep learning technique of stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAE). Models based on frequent words and jihadist language intensity are used, and the results compared. Our main conclusion is that SDAE approaches, while clearly discovering structure in document-word matrices, do not yet provide a natural interpretation strategy, limiting their practical usefulness. In contrast, SVD approaches provide interpretable models, primarily because of the coupling between document and word variation patterns.
Control of variable geometry turbocharged diesel engines for reduced emissions (2000)

The emission control problem for an automotive direct injected compression ignition (diesel) engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) is considered. The objective is to operate the engine to meet driver's torque demand and minimize NO/sub x/ emissions while at the same time avoiding visible smoke generation. It is demonstrated that the steady-state optimization of engine emissions results in operating points where EGR and VGT actuators are in effect redundant in their effect on the variables that most directly affect the emissions. A multivariable feedback controller is proposed which accounts for this actuator redundancy. Furthermore, it coordinates the two actuators to fully utilize their joint effect on engine emission performance. Experimental results confirm good response properties of the proposed controller.
Behavioural and serological human immunodeficiency virus risk factors among female commercial sex workers in Cambodia (2000)

Improving condom use rate is very important in order to prevent an HIV epidemic among the two types of CSW. This study also suggests it is important to prevent sexually transmitted disease (STD) such as Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The STD control programme could be efficient for HIV prevention, especially among DCSW.
Chiral Optical Properties of a Helical Polymer Synthesized from Nearly Racemic Chiral Monomers Highly Diluted with Achiral Monomers (1999)

In polyisocyanates composed only of randomly distributed (R) and (S) units, the chiral optical properties of the polymer are far out of proportion to the enantiomeric excess of the monomers. This highly disproportionate relationship, which arises from a majority-rule effect among these enantiomeric units on the helical sense of the backbone, is now found to be unaffected, within certain limits, by the overwhelming presence of achiral units randomly distributed along the chain. This experimental result can be explained quantitatively by an analysis based on the one-dimensional random-field Ising model, which shows that dilution of the chiral units with achiral units increases the helical domain size in a manner that compensates for the dilution. In qualitative terms, since the random-field domain size is limited by the “objection” of the minority units to the helical sense dictated by the majority units, dilution of this “objection” acts to increase the domain size. As long as this domain size is not limited by the chain length or by thermal fluctuations, the achiral dilution will not reduce the optical activity of the polymer.
Molecular Analysis of Francisella tularensis Subspecies tularensis and holarctica (2007)

Rapid methods are needed for public health and military applications to specifically identify Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia in humans. A comparative analysis of the capabilities of multiple technologies was performed using a well-defined set of organisms to determine which approach would provide the most information in the shortest time. High-resolution molecular techniques, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and ribotyping, provided subspecies level identification within approximately 24 hours after obtaining an isolate, whereas multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis with 8 or 25 targets provided strain level discrimination within about 12 hours. In contrast, Raman spectroscopy provided species level identification in 10 minutes but could not differentiate between subspecies tularensis and holarctica.
Differential gene expression during elongation in the preimplantation pig embryo (2000)

On day 12-13 of gestation, the preimplantation pig conceptus undergoes a dramatic morphologic change from an approximately 1-cm sphere to a nearly 1-m long thread. This transformation, referred to as elongation, occurs in just 12-24 h. Elongation is primarily the result of trophectodermal cell shape changes, as there is relatively little mitosis during this stage of development. Thus far, descriptions of elongation have been limited to histologic and immunofluorescent studies of cell morphology and gross biochemical evaluations. We hypothesized that the changes in trophectoderm morphology likely involves significant changes in gene expression. Therefore, we used RNA arbitrarily primed-PCR (RAP-PCR) to characterize potential differential gene expression by trophectodermal cells during pig conceptus elongation. We found that the porcine heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 was shown to be differentially expressed by trophectodermal cells during elongation. We suggest that regulated alternative splicing may contribute to the morphogenetic process of elongation. genesis 26:9-14, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Bio-Based Polymeric Substrates for Printed Hybrid Electronics (2022)

Printed flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) is finding an increasing number of applications in the fields of displays, sensors, actuators and in energy harvesting and storage. The technology involves the printing of conductive and insulating patterns as well as mounting electronic devices and circuits on flexible substrate materials. Typical plastic substrates in use are, for example, non-renewable-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) or poly(imides) (PI) with high thermal and dimensional stability, solvent resistance and mechanical strength. The aim of this study was to assess whether renewable-based plastic materials can be applied on sheet-to-sheet (S2S) screen-printing of conductive silver patterns. The selected materials were biaxially oriented (BO) bio-based PET (Bio-PET BO), poly(lactic acid) (PLA BO), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP BO) and regenerated cellulose film, NatureFlex™ (Natureflex). The biaxial orientation and annealing improved the mechanical strength of Bio-PET and PLA to the same level as the reference PET (Ref-PET). All renewable-based substrates showed a transparency comparable to the Ref-PET. The printability of silver ink was good with all renewable-based substrates and printed pattern resistance on the same level as Ref-PET. The formation of the printed pattern to the cellulose-based substrates, CAP BO and Natureflex, was very good, showing 10% to 18% lower resistance compared to Ref-PET and obtained among the bio-based substrates the smallest machine and transverse direction deviation in the S2S printing process. The results will open new application possibilities for renewable-based substrates, and also potentially biodegradable solutions enabled by the regenerated cellulose film and PLA.
Calibration and Test Structures for Nanometrology (2006)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2006