gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Study of Backside Wear Mechanisms on Mobile Knee-Bearing Components (2005)

The long-term success of a total knee replacement depends on the wear performance of a polyethylene bearing that separates a metal femoral component from a metal tibial tray. Although fixed bearing designs secure the polyethylene bearing to the tibial tray, mobile bearing knees allow the polyethylene to move relative to the tibial tray. This study has evaluated the wear performance of an intended articulation on the inferior surface of the LCS®-Rotating Platform mobile bearing by conducting clinically relevant tribological testing and comparing results to retrieved knee bearings. A retrieval analysis leads to the conclusion that third-body particles in the contact produce curvilinear scratches longer than the expected rotation of the knee on both the polyethylene bearing and the CoCr tibial tray. Tribological testing shows that polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement particles produce worn surfaces most similar to retrievals. Porous-coating beads and bone debris also have the ability to damage both surfaces. Worn polyethylene surfaces from pin-on-flat tests show scratches longer than the excursion length, and “skipping marks”—pits spaced at smaller rotation intervals along a scratch—as observed in retrievals. These wear features suggest that a ratcheting mechanism, which moves the third-body particles further along the scratch with each cycle, may be responsible for the observed wear.
Targeting Mdm2 and Mdmx in Cancer Therapy: Better Living through Medicinal Chemistry? (2009)

Genomic and proteomic profiling of human tumor samples and tumor-derived cell lines are essential for the realization of personalized therapy in oncology. Identification of the changes required for tumor initiation or maintenance will likely provide new targets for small-molecule and biological therapeutics. For example, inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway occurs in most human cancers. Although this can be due to frank p53 gene mutation, almost half of all cancers retain the wild-type p53 allele, indicating that the pathway is disabled by other means. Alternate mechanisms include deletion or epigenetic inactivation of the p53-positive regulator arf, methylation of the p53 promoter, or elevated expression of the p53 regulators Mdm2 and Mdmx. This review discusses current models of p53 regulation by Mdm2 and Mdmx and presents the rationale for design of future Mdmx-specific therapeutics based on our knowledge of its structure and biological functions.
On application of one-class SVM to reverse engineering-based hardware Trojan detection (2014)

Due to design and fabrication outsourcing to foundries, the problem of malicious modifications to integrated circuits known as hardware Trojans has attracted attention in academia as well as industry. To reduce the risks associated with Trojans, researchers have proposed different approaches to detect them. Among these approaches, test-time detection approaches have drawn the greatest attention and most approaches assume the existence of a “golden model”. Prior works suggest using reverse-engineering to identify such Trojan-free ICs for the golden model but they did not state how to do this efficiently. In this paper, we propose an innovative and robust reverseengineering approach to identify the Trojan-free ICs. We adapt a well-studied machine learning method, one-class support vector machine, to solve our problem. Simulation results using state-of-the-art tools on several publicly available circuits show that our approach can detect hardware Trojans with high accuracy rate across different modeling and algorithm parameters.
Characterization of Surface Particulate on Large Optics For Laser Fusion (1995)

A unique mapping instrument which locates and classifies the size of particulate contaminants has been built to quantify optical surfaces on substrates as large as 14 inches by 27 inches. The idea of a defect mapping system (DMAP1) was originally investigated as an evaluation tool in the fabrication of liquid crystal devices. Removal of surface particulate is critical to the manufacture of high laser damage resistant LC devices. 1 During operation of Omega, a high-peak power laser system, random particles on an optical surface are vaporized and contamination is left behind. The major failure mode for LC devices is the decomposition of the LC fluid layer due to the heating of extrinisic impurities trapped within the cell. Use of this new surface characterization equipment will not only benefit LC production but it will be important in the evaluation of cleaning procedures prior to coating optics.
Comparative Analyses of Two Established Scores to Assess the Stability of Spinal Bone Metastases Before and After Palliative Radiotherapy (2021)

Despite the relatively high agreement between both stabilization scores, the SINS should be considered the standard for future studies on the stabilization effects of RT in SBM.
Alkyne/alkene coupling reactions leading to 1,3-diene and 2,4-pentadienyl complexes of rhenium(III). Activation of dichloro(.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(.eta.2-alkyne)rhenium(III) by Broensted acid catalysis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkyne/alkene coupling reactions leading to 1,3-diene and 2,4-pentadienyl complexes of rhenium(III). Activation of dichloro(.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(.eta.2-alkyne)rhenium(III) by Broensted acid catalysisWolfgang A. Herrmann, Roland A. Fischer, and Eberhardt. HerdtweckCite this: Organometallics 1989, 8, 12, 2821–2831Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00114a015https://doi.org/10.1021/om00114a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Extreme quantum entanglement in a superposition of macroscopically distinct states (1990)

A Bell inequality is derived for a state of n spin-1/2 particles which superposes two macroscopically distinct states. Quantum mechanics violates this inequality by an amount that grows exponentially with n.
PHYTOCHE MICAL ESTIMATION OF ANTHRAQUINONES FROM CASSIA SPECIES (2011)

Gastrointestinal problem mainly constipation is the major disorder in human beings in almost all regions. The present work aimed to study exclusively on various seeds of Cassia species for exploration and phytochemical estimation of anthraquinones and for its laxative activity. Three species of Cassia namely C. fistula, C. angustifolia,, C. siamea have been taken for the study in which three varieties of Cassia fistula has been taken viz. C. fistula seed marketed, C. fistula seed collected and C. fistula pod. The process was carried out in which initially the samples of different varieties were extracted by four methods namely maceration, percolation, decoction and Soxhlation . T he crude extract obtained was subjected for qualitative and quantitative estimation of anthraquinones. The content of total anthraquinone glycoside in the crude extract prepared by each extraction method was determined by U.V. spectrophotometry. The extrac t prepared by maceration method ( Cassia siamea) exhibit highest content of anthraquinone glycos ide of followed by extract of percolation method , Soxhlation and decoction method. The investigation reviles that seed of C. siamea and C. angustifolia possess maximum amount of anthraquinone glycoside in majority of extraction processes.
An Object-Aware Hardware Transactional Memory System (2008)

Transactional Memory (TM) is receiving attention as a way of expressing parallelism for programming multi-core systems. As a parallel programming model it is able to avoid the complexity of conventional locking. TM can enable multi-core hardware that dispenses with conventional bus-based cache coherence, resulting in simpler and more extensible systems. This is increasingly important as we move into the many-core era. Within TM, however, the processes of conflict detection and committing still require synchronization and the broadcast of data. By increasing the granularity of when synchronization is required, the demands on communication are reduced. Software implementations of TM have taken advantage of the fact that the object structure of data can be employed to further raise the level at which interference is observed. The contribution of this paper is the first hardware TM approach where the object structure is recognized and harnessed. This leads to novel commit and conflict detection mechanisms, and also to an elegant solution to the virtualization of version management, without the need for additional software TM support. A first implementation of the proposed hardware TM system is simulated. The initial evaluation is conducted with three benchmarks derived from the STAMP suite and a transactional version of Lee's routing algorithm.
Omni-directional vision for robot navigation in substation environments (2009)

This paper presents a new omni-directional vision based navigation system for mobile robots in substation environments for 24h all-weather inspection. It is featured with near infrared illumination, omni-directional imaging, and artificial landmarks recognition. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is also used to integrate the measurements from vision and odometer. Experiments have also been carried out to verify the functionalities of the system.
Efficacy and low vascular toxicity of embolization with radical versus anionic polymerization of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA). An experimental study in the swine. (2003)

Anionic and radical polymerization of NBCA embolization was identical with regards to occlusion rate; whereas radical pathway of polymerization with cyanoacrylates lowered histotoxicity with a less sustained adhesiveness of casts against vascular walls.
Supplementary Figure 1A from Serine Catabolism Regulates Mitochondrial Redox Control during Hypoxia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The correlation of SHMT2 and PHGDH expression in the samples from patients who died from the disease (top panel, pPHGDHvsSHMT1=0.092, pPHGDHvsSHMT2=7.3Ã—10-5) and the correlation found in the samples from patients where the tumor regressed or matured spontaneously (bottom panel, pPHGDHvsSHMT1=0.3, pPHGDHvsSHMT2=0.0084).&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate between kidney donors and radical nephrectomy patients, and risk factors for postoperative chronic kidney disease (2015)

Renal cell carcinoma is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy. In addition, age older than 40 years and a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate of 110 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or less seem to represent risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy.
Lung Transplantation in Children (2002)

In children, LTX is a high-risk but viable treatment for end-stage pulmonary parenchymal and vascular disease. The major hurdle to overcome in long-term survival is bronchiolitis obliterans.
Radial augmentation index unmasks premature coronary artery disease in younger males (2009)

We conclude that premature vascular disease in younger patients with CAD is reflected only by an elevated rAIx, and not by SBP or PP. The rAIx is not suited to distinguish between older patients with high or low cardiovascular risk. Age seems to influence the interplay between rAIx and systolic heart function.
Promotion and inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy by A-kinase anchor proteins (2012)

Originally identified as mediators of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A signaling, A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are now recognized as a diverse family of molecular scaffolds capable of interacting with many other proteins. Members of the AKAP family within the heart can take on either pro- or anti-hypertrophic roles by interacting with a myriad of protein kinases and phosphatases in the process. AKAPs often form the core of large signaling complexes (or signalosomes) that allow multiple pathways to converge and functionally intertwine. Approximately 30% of AKAPs discovered to date are expressed in the heart, but the functions of many of these remain to be discovered. This review focuses on AKAPs that have been demonstrated to play roles in mediating cardiac hypertrophy.
Synthetischer Bionanoreaktor: mechanische und chemische Kontrolle der Permeabilität von Polymersom‐Membranen (2012)

pH-responsive Polymersome wurden nach Einschluss eines Enzyms per UV-Vernetzung stabilisiert. Durch die Stabilisierung wurde ein reversibles Quell- und Entquellverhalten ermöglicht. Ein kontrollierter Einsatz des eingeschlossenen Enzyms war damit bei pH 6 möglich, da das Substrat im leicht sauren Milieu die Membran passieren und das Enzym erreichen konnte. Dieser synthetische Bionanoreaktor ist folglich nicht auf Transmembranproteine angewiesen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Image Sharpness Measure for Blurred Images in Frequency Domain (2013)

One of the most challenging problems for researchers in the field of image processing is image quality assessment. A very important factor in image quality assessment is image sharpness/blurriness. The goal of researchers in the field of image quality assessment is to design and develop algorithms and measures for detecting sharpness and blurriness in an image. In this pape r a new technique is proposed to calculate image sharpness/blurriness measure in frequency domain.
Paramagnetic Resonance and Relaxation of Trivalent Rare-Earth Ions in Calcium Fluoride. II. Spin-Lattice Relaxation (1964)

The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ of trivalent rare-earth impurities in Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ has been measured at 9.6 kMc/sec using pulse saturation techniques. The rare earths investigated include Kramers ions (${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Dy}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$), one non-Kramers ion (${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$), and one $S$-state ion (${\mathrm{Gd}}^{3+}$). The relaxation of ions in lattice sites of cubic, tetragonal, and trigonal crystal-field symmetries have been studied and are found to be different. At liquid-helium temperatures the relaxation usually exhibits a ${T}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ temperature dependence; however, the magnitudes are approximately two orders-of-magnitude shorter than estimated single-phonon relaxation times based upon the orbit-lattice interaction. Measurements of the ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ relaxation in five samples containing from 0.08 to 1.6% Ce combined with results from other ions show that ${T}_{1}$ decreases with increasing rare-earth concentration. Multiple exponential recoveries from saturation are observed at low temperatures and are discussed with respect to possible cross-relaxation within inhomogeneous spin systems and to other faster relaxing systems. At higher temperatures examples of both Raman and Orbach two-phonon relaxation processes are found. Calculations of two-phonon relaxation times using estimated values of the dynamic crystal fields, energy level structures, and ion wave functions yield coarse order-of-magnitude agreement with experimental values.
Guidelines for AM part consolidation (2016)

This paper makes a comparative study about the structural performances of the consolidated AM (additive manufacturing) parts and the multi-piece assemblies. Generally, it is recognised that AM part consolidation can improve the structural performance compared to the traditional multi-piece assembly. However, this may not be true given that the AM materials are directionally weakened, especially in the build direction (BD). Hence, the comparative study performed in this work will provide some conclusions and at the same time, these conclusions could be valuable guidelines for designing AM part consolidation. For implementation details, the level set topology optimisation method will be applied to optimising the multi-piece assembly with rigid joints and the AM part with weakened material properties; and the same design domain will be shared in order to make a fair comparison. A set of different joint positions and material weakening levels will be studied in order to get comprehensive conclusions.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Inhibits Gamma Interferon-Induced Signaling in Bovine Monocytes: Insights into the Cellular Mechanisms of Johne's Disease (2012)

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle and may have implications for human health. Establishment of chronic infection by M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis depends on its subversion of host immune responses. This includes blocking the ability of infected macrophages to be activated by gamma interferon (IFN-γ) for clearance of this intracellular pathogen. To define the mechanism by which M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis subverts this critical host cell function, patterns of signal transduction to IFN-γ stimulation of uninfected and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected bovine monocytes were determined through bovine-specific peptide arrays for kinome analysis. Pathway analysis of the kinome data indicated activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, a hallmark of IFN-γ signaling, in uninfected monocytes. In contrast, IFN-γ stimulation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected monocytes failed to induce patterns of peptide phosphorylation consistent with JAK-STAT activation. The inability of IFN-γ to induce differential phosphorylation of peptides corresponding to early JAK-STAT intermediates in infected monocytes indicates that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis blocks responsiveness at, or near, the IFN-γ receptor. Consistent with this hypothesis, increased expression of negative regulators of the IFN-γ receptors SOCS1 and SOCS3 as well as decreased expression of IFN-γ receptor chains 1 and 2 is observed in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected monocytes. These patterns of expression are functionally consistent with the kinome data and offer a mechanistic explanation for this critical M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis behavior. Understanding this mechanism may contribute to the rational design of more effective vaccines and/or therapeutics for Johne's disease.
Large pore mesostructured cellular silica foam coated magnetic oxide composites with multilamellar vesicle shells for adsorption (2013)

Herein, large pore mesostructured cellular silica foam coated magnetic oxide composites (MO@MCFs) with multilamellar vesicle shells (MO@MLVs) were obtained, which exhibited a large pore (>10 nm), strong magnetic response (38 emu g(-1)), excellent protein adsorption and slow drug-release capacity.
Single-Cell Biochemical Multiplexing by Multidimensional Phasor Demixing and Spectral Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (2021)

Revealing mechanisms underpinning cell function requires understanding the relationship between different biochemical reactions in living cells. However, our capabilities to monitor more than two biochemical reactions in living cells are limited. Therefore, the development of methods for real-time biochemical multiplexing is of fundamental importance. Here, we show that data acquired with multicolor (mcFLIM) or spectrally resolved (sFLIM) fluorescence lifetime imaging can be conveniently described with multidimensional phasor transforms. We demonstrate a computational framework capable of demixing three Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes and quantifying multiplexed biochemical activities in single living cells. We provide a comparison between mcFLIM and sFLIM suggesting that sFLIM might be advantageous for the future development of heavily multiplexed assays. However, mcFLIM—more readily available with commercial systems—can be applied for the concomitant monitoring of three enzymes in living cells without significant losses.
Prognostic significance of the neutrophil count in immunocompetent patients with bacteraemia (1995)

To examine the prevalence of neutropaenia in immunocompetent, bacteraemic patients, and whether it carries an independent risk for mortality, we surveyed 2096 bacteraemic patients without malignant diseases, and who were not receiving cytotoxic drugs. The granulocyte count on the day of the first positive blood culture was < 1 x 10(9) cells/l in 33 patients (1.7%, group 1); 1.0-4.0 x 10(9) cells/l in 154 patients (7.9%, group 2); 4.0-8.0 x 10(9) cells/l in 564 patients (29%, group 3); 8.0-20.0 x 10(9) cells/l in 1034 patients (53%, group 4); and > 20.0 x 10(9) cells/l in 163 patients (8.4%, group 5). The mortality rates in the five groups were 39.4%, 18.8%, 18.1%, 25.7% and 25.8%, respectively (p = 0.0001). The main pathogens in group 1 were Staphylococcus aureus in 25% of patients and Pseudomonas sp. in 23%. Mortality in group 1 patients was higher than in the other patients (odds ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9]. Mortality was also significantly higher in group 2 patients with high blood urea nitrogen. The percentage of neutropaenia, septic patients without known risk factors for neutropaenia is small, but their mortality is high. Overall mortality in patients with relative neutropaenia (1.0-4.0 x 10(9) cells/l) is low, but a subgroup of patients with high blood urea nitrogen is at considerable risk for a fatal outcome. High leucocyte counts are also a marker of increased risk for mortality, but this association is not an independent prognostic factor.
The specific hapten of group C (group II alpha) meningococcus. II. Chemical nature. (1958)

The specific hapten of Group C (formerly Group II α) meningococcus appears to be predominantly a polymer of a sialic acid congener, as evidenced by its nearly complete conversion to humin-like material on aqueous acid hydrolysis, specific colorimetric analyses, infrared absorption spectrum, periodate oxidation, quantitative elementary and group analyses, correlation of sialic acid content with serologic activity, and conversion by hydrolysis in methanolic hydrochloric acid into products having characteristics of a sialic acid. Hexosamine determinations and nitrogen content indicate that this polymer contains hexosamine units as well as sialic acid units.
-adrenergic relaxation in pulmonary arteries: preservation of the endothelial nitric oxide-dependent 2 component in pulmonary hypertension (2007)

beta1- and beta2-AR, but not beta3-AR, mediate relaxation of mice pulmonary arteries. The beta2-AR component is dependent on eNOS activity and is preserved following chronic hypoxia. These data highlight the role of the beta2-AR as a pharmacological target to induce/restore endothelial NO-dependent protective effects in pulmonary circulation.