gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dictionary of Biomedical Optics and Biophotonics (2012)

Whether you are new to biomedical optics and biophotonics or you need a robust definition from a master of the field, Valery Tuchin's dictionary is a must-have reference. Each of approximately 2500 key terms is bolded throughout the text to direct you from definition to definition and give you a rich understanding of the terminology in this quickly developing field.
IBRA Research News No. 16 (1978)

In the last few years bee journals in almost every country seem to have carried articles on the Varroa mite, and readers may have been puzzled at the apparently sudden eruption of these mites in different parts of the world. It is explained here how this came about, and how further spread can be prevented. A guide is also provided to the more substantial publications on Varroa.
Enhanced Self-Perception in Mixed Reality: Egocentric Arm Segmentation and Database With Automatic Labeling (2020)

In this study, we focus on the egocentric segmentation of arms to improve self-perception in Augmented Virtuality (AV). The main contributions of this work are: i) a comprehensive survey of segmentation algorithms for AV; ii) an Egocentric Arm Segmentation Dataset (EgoArm), composed of more than 10, 000 images, demographically inclusive (variations of skin color, and gender), and open for research purposes. We also provide all details required for the automated generation of groundtruth and semi-synthetic images; iii) the proposal of a deep learning network to segment arms in AV; iv) a detailed quantitative and qualitative evaluation to showcase the usefulness of the deep network and EgoArm dataset, reporting results on different real egocentric hand datasets, including GTEA Gaze+, EDSH, EgoHands, Ego Youtube Hands, THU-Read, TEgO, FPAB, and Ego Gesture, which allow for direct comparisons with existing approaches using color or depth. Results confirm the suitability of the EgoArm dataset for this task, achieving improvements up to 40% with respect to the baseline network, depending on the particular dataset. Results also suggest that, while approaches based on color or depth can work under controlled conditions (lack of occlusion, uniform lighting, only objects of interest in the near range, controlled background, etc.), deep learning is more robust in real AV applications.
Determinants of brachial artery mean 24 h pulse pressure in individuals with Type II diabetes mellitus and untreated mild hypertension (2002)

Brachial artery pulse pressure is a predictor of (cardiovascular) morbidity, but its determinants in individuals with Type II diabetes and untreated mild hypertension have not been elucidated. We therefore cross-sectionally investigated determinants of brachial artery mean 24h pulse pressure in 60 individuals (40 males; age, mean±S.D., 57.8±7.5 years) with Type II diabetes [median diabetes duration (interquartile range), 6.3 (3.6-10.1) years] and untreated mild hypertension [sitting blood pressure &amp;gt;140/90mmHg and &amp;lt;190/120mmHg (mean of two consecutive auscultatory office measurements after 5min of rest)]. We measured (1) three potential determinants reflecting different aspects of central artery stiffness [the overall systemic arterial compliance, the aortic augmentation index and 1/(regional carotido-femoral transit time)], (2) structural and functional changes of the circulatory system often observed in Type II diabetes, and (3) diabetes-associated metabolic variables. After adjustment for age, gender and mean arterial pressure, brachial artery pulse pressure was associated with autonomic function [standardized regression coefficient (β), -0.27 (P = 0.01)], blood pressure decline during sleep [standardized β, -0.32 (P = 0.002)], fasting glucose concentration [standardized β, 0.26 (P = 0.01)], HbA1c concentration [standardized β, 0.27 (P = 0.003)] and diabetes duration [standardized β, 0.28 (P = 0.002)] in linear regression analyses. In a combined multivariate model, brachial artery pulse pressure was independently determined by gender [1 = male, 2 = female; standardized β, 0.24 (P = 0.01)], diabetes duration [standardized β, 0.18 (P = 0.03)], mean arterial pressure [standardized β, 0.32 (P = 0.002)], systemic arterial compliance [standardized β, -0.23 (P = 0.02)] and fasting glucose concentration [standardized β, 0.20 (P = 0.02)]. Aortic augmentation index and 1/(carotido-femoral transit time) were not independently associated with pulse pressure. In conclusion, in individuals with Type II diabetes and untreated mild hypertension, brachial artery pulse pressure is determined mainly by proximal aortic stiffness in a way which is not strongly influenced by peripheral pulse wave reflection. Approx. 60% of the variance in brachial artery pulse pressure could be explained by potentially modifiable determinants.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MEDICATION ADHERENCE SCALE FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE (2017)

Objectives: This study was to develop a scale to evaluate medication adherence in elderly patients with chronic disease and to examine validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The development process for the preliminary scale included construction of a conceptual framework by concept analysis and initial items, verification of content analysis, sentence correction, and pilot study. This study was conducted using a questionnaire survey with one-to-one interviews during October, 2016. Participants were 345 elderly patients with chronic disease. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, internal consistency, and test-retest. Results: The developed scale consisted of 18 items and 4 factors - remember of taking medication (2 items), expectations for drug effects (5 items), practice taking medication according to instructions (8 items), communicating with health professionals (3 items), and explained 69.7% of total variance. The scale had significantly positive correlation (r = .717, p <.001) with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) of Morisky, Ang, Krousel-Wood and Ward (2008). Cronbach’s alpha was .91, Guttman split half coefficient was .80, and test-retest reliability was .912. Conclusion: Results indicate that the Medication Adherence Scale for elderly patients with chronic disease has validity and reliability, and is a suitable scale in health care settings to assess the status of medication adherence in elderly patients with chronic disease.
Low-cost 3DUI using hand tracking and controllers (2013)

The goal of this project is create and evaluate a 3D user interface with functionalities resembling the interface shown in Bruce Branit's short film, World Builder. This paper describes an interface consisting of a Microsoft Kinect for hand tracking and interaction with the virtual environment in conjunction with Nintendo Wii Nunchuk controllers for navigation and further input. The interface is tested three times; testing the navigation control scheme, the manipulation methods as well as the overall performance. The interface was generally well received, even though the test application has some faults and needs further development.
Surface structures, haemagglutination and cell surface hydrophobicity of Bacteroides fragilis strains (1990)

Nineteen strains of Bacteroides fragilis were examined by negative staining for surface structures. One strain (ATCC 23745) possessed peritrichous fibrils, 16 strains carried peritrichous fimbriae and two strains carried no surface structures. The fimbriae had a diameter of 2.1 +/- 0.25 nm and appeared to be 'curly'. Only a small proportion (4 to 41%, depending on the strain) of cells in a population carried fimbriae or fibrils. Strain A312 Showed phase variation of fimbriae as expression of fimbriae was repressed at 20 degrees C and in early exponential phase at 37 degrees C. The fibrils on strain ATCC 23745 did not exhibit phase variation in response to changes in incubation temperature, growth phase or growth in two different media. Capsules were demonstrated by the Indian ink method on 18 of the 19 strains, varying in size from strain to strain and within the same population. Cultures often contained both capsulate and noncapsulate cells. All strains possessed an electron dense ruthenium red staining layer between 7.9 and 23.9 nm in width attached to the outer membrane. Cell surface hydrophobicity quantified by the hexadecane partition assay gave low values ranging from 6.6 to 52.1%. Only a few strains were able to haemagglutinate and these were only weakly active. There was no correlation between cell surface hydrophobicity, haemagglutinating activity and surface structures.
CFD/CSD Coupled Simulations for Helicopter Rotors in Forward and Maneuver Flights (2013)

CFD/CSD coupled simulations are presented for a Bell M427 main rotor in both forward and maneuvering flight. The unstructured CFD code UNCLE is coupled with the CSD code DYMORE2.0 to perform rotor aeroelastic analysis. Two CFD/CSD coupling strategies are evaluated and demonstrated: loose coupling for rotors in a steady level forward flight and tight coupling for rotors undergoing a maneuver. A Fluid-Structure Interface (FSI) handles the information exchange and directs operation of the CFD and CSD codes required to perform tight coupling analysis. The loose coupling results are assessed with the forward flight test data, and the tight coupling method is verified by comparing to the results obtained with the loose coupling method in forward flight where fixed control settings are used. For a maneuvering flight, user-prescribed control variations drive the collective pitch angle to a ±2 doublet profile superimposed on the loose coupling control settings. The coupled simulations demonstrate the feasibility of performing aeromechanical analysis for realistic helicopter rotors.
Quantitation of rat tissue thyroid hormone binding receptor isoforms by immunoprecipitation of nuclear triiodothyronine binding capacity. (1992)

A panel of anti-thyroid hormone receptor (TR) antisera were generated to allow direct assay of the concentrations of the alpha 1 and beta 1 receptor isoforms in nuclear extracts from adult rat liver, kidney, brain and heart, and fetal brain. An antiserum, immunoglobulin G (IgG)-beta 1, raised against amino acid sequence 62-92 of the rat TR-beta 1 specifically precipitated only TR-beta 1 in vitro translation products. A second antiserum, IgG-alpha 1/beta, generated against a sequence that is identical in the ligand binding region of rat TR-alpha 1 and TR-beta isoforms immunoprecipitated both TR-alpha 1 and -beta 1 translation products. These IgG preparations were used to specifically immunoprecipitate thyroid hormone receptor binding activity from nuclear extracts. IgG-beta 1 cleared almost 80%, and the IgG-alpha 1/beta immunoprecipitated nearly all binding from hepatic nuclear extracts. This distribution of TR protein, 80% beta 1 and 20% alpha 1, is the same as previously reported for their respective mRNAs in liver. In heart, kidney, and brain IgG-beta 1 cleared 45, 43, and 28% of total binding, respectively, and IgG-alpha 1/beta cleared all T3 binding activity from these tissues. In agreement with an earlier study, marked variations in specific protein/mRNA ratios were noted among these tissues. Consistent with our earlier report of the presence of only very low levels of TR-beta 1 mRNA in fetal brain, IgG-beta 1 cleared just 5% of binding in this tissue. Studies using an antiserum (IgG-ch) generated against homologous segments of the hinge region in both TR-alpha 1 and -beta 1 yielded results which contrasted sharply with those of IgG-alpha 1/beta. Whereas IgG-ch could also immunoprecipitate virtually all binding from hepatic extracts it cleared only 40-50% of binding from the other tissues, including fetal brain in which TR-alpha 1 accounts for greater than 90% of binding protein. The data suggest the presence of posttranslational modification of the TR-alpha 1 protein in the hinge region, consistent with the presence in this segment of potential phosphorylation sites.
The Effect of Varying Proportions of Egg Yolk and Sodium Citrate Buffer in Bull Semen Diluters upon Sperm Motility (1949)

Summary An investigation has been made of the egg yolk-sodium citrate buffer diluter for bull semen with the view of establishing optimum concentrations. It was found that 3 per cent sodium citrate dihydrate was superior to other concentrations tried, and this solution was nearly isotonic with fresh bull semen. Reducing egg yolk concentration to 20 per cent gave as good motility and livability as the commonly used 50 per cent. When egg yolk was reduced to 10 per cent the cold shock protective factor was still fully effective but motility was impaired slightly.
Abstract A026: BMX inhibition reverses HSD3B1-driven resistance in prostate cancer (2023)

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States and is dependent on androgens and androgen receptor (AR) activation. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay treatment, but it as well as next-generation treatments eventually fail. Disease then progresses as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is driven by reactivation of the androgen-AR axis. 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (3βHSD1) catalyzes the rate-limiting step for potent androgen synthesis from adrenal-derived precursors, thereby stimulating CRPC. HSD3B1, which encodes for 3βHSD1, has a common missense-encoding germline variation that enhances conversion from adrenal DHEA to potent androgens. Clinical studies demonstrate that this “adrenal-permissive” HSD3B1 genotype confers more rapid progression on ADT, and recent studies show that overall survival is shorter in patients with the adrenal-permissive genotype who are treated with ADT + enzalutamide. The Etk/BMX kinase may be involved in the development and progression of CRPC. We sought to determine whether phosphorylation of 3βHSD1 is required for its activation and that the necessary kinase could be a potential target. Methods: In prostate cancer lines, mouse xenograft models, and fresh patient prostatectomy tissues, mass spectrometry and HPLC were used to identify steroid metabolites. Genetic and pharmacological methods were used to identify inhibition of BMX-mediated 3βHSD1 phosphorylation in CRPC. Results: BMX inhibition suppressed castration-resistant prostate cancer through targeting 3βHSD1 phosphorylation. 3βHSD1 transcription level and enzyme activity were induced in enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell lines. 3βHSD1 and SF-1 transcription levels were positively correlated in prostate adenocarcinoma (TCGA database). BMX inhibition by zanubrutinib suppressed enzalutamide resistance induced 3βHSD1 enzyme activity. Conclusions: BMX promotes CRPC by regulating 3βHSD1 phosphorylation. BMX inhibition has potential as a new therapy to optimize CRPC treatment. Citation Format: Xiuxiu Li, Michael Berk, Christopher Goins, Mohammad Alyamani, Yoon-Mi Chung, Chenyao Wang, Monaben Patel, Nityam Rathi, Ziqi Zhu, Belinda Willard, Shaun Stauffer, Eric Klein, Nima Sharifi. BMX inhibition reverses HSD3B1-driven resistance in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2023 Mar 15-18; Denver, Colorado. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A026.
Interleukin-2 Receptor Directed Immunosuppressive Therapy (1987)

An ideal antirejection therapy should, of course, be effective in controlling rejection as well as selectively target only those T-cells that are committed to participate in rejection of the donor graft. Conventional immunosuppressive drugs exact unwanted side effects upon non-lymphoid tissues. The introduction of monoclonal antibodies as pharmacologic tools have been long awaited as therapeutic use of T-cell specific monoclonal antibodies can obviate many side effects on non-lymphoid tissues by providing new opportunities for a more targeted form of immunosuppressive therapy. Nonetheless, the pan-T cell antibodies, used with considerable success in transplantation, react with all T cells, while an ideal therapy would target only those lymphocytes committed to the unwanted immune reaction.
Similia similibus curentur: a novel treatment approach in endocrinology? (2015)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Expression of Cross-Linked Protein on Tissue-Engineered Epithelial Cell Sheets from Rabbit Oral Mucosa (2014)

Tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field involved in the restoration of functions and esthetics of tissues after surgery. Utilizing the oral mucosa as a source of tissue-engineered epithelial cell sheets is beneficial due to the fast healing rate and regenerative capability of the tissue. This study investigated the effect of mesenchymal fibroblasts on epithelial cells taken from rabbit oral mucosa. Rabbit oral epithelial cells were cultured on collagen gels both with oral mucosa fibroblasts (OMFs+) and without (OMFs-). Samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and observed under a light microscope. The expressions of cytoskeletal, adhesion, basement membrane and junctional complex as well as cell proliferation protein markers were also determined through immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the OS+ group had epithelial cell sheets that were better developed than those of the OMFs- group. Moreover, cytoskeletal, adhesion, basement membrane, junctional complex and cell proliferation markers were more intensely expressed by epithelial cells in the OMFs+ group than in the OMFs- group, and the expression increased over time. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated how stem cells taken from the oral mucosa contributed to the expression of various cytokines indispensable for the growth of the cells. The epithelial-mesenchymal interaction between the keratinocytes and fibroblasts accounts for the architecture of the epithelial cell sheets.
A cross-correlation based fiber optic white-light interferometry with wavelet transform denoising (2013)

A fiber optic white-light interferometry based on cross-correlation calculation is presented. The detected white-light spectrum signal of fiber optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) sensor is firstly decomposed by discrete wavelet transform for denoising before interrogating the cavity length of the EFPI sensor. In measurement experiment, the cross-correlation algorithm with multiple-level calculations is performed both for achieving the high measurement resolution and for improving the efficiency of the measurement. The experimental results show that the variation range of the measurement results was 1.265 nm, and the standard deviation of the measurement results can reach 0.375 nm when an EFPI sensor with cavity length of 1500 &mu;m was interrogated.
Imputation of TPMT defective alleles for the identification of patients with high-risk phenotypes (2014)

Imputation of TPMT alleles from existing genomic data can be used as a first step in the screening of individuals at risk of developing serious adverse events secondary to thiopurine drugs.
Crystallinity and thermal behaviour of trans‐poly(1‐octenylene) (1988)

Abstract The commercially available poly(1‐octenylene) Vestenamer® formed by the metathetic polymerization of cyclooctene with a tungsten catalyst, is highly crystalline at room temperature; it shows specific properties as a blend component, thus favourably influencing the processing characteristics and the final product quality. Differential scanning calorimetry, infrared and torsion pendulum experiments indicate that the melting temperature and the degree of crystallinity depend on the concentration of trans double bonds, on their distribution along the polymer chain as well as on the sample history. The formation of crosslinks induced by very intensive UV irradiation of 100 μm thin films leads to a reduction of the melting temperature and the crystallinity. A correlation between stiffness (shear modulus G ′) and crystallinity was found for samples with varying amounts of trans double bonds.
Location Selection of Public Bicycle Rental Station Based on Grey Correlation (2015)

In location selection of public bicycle rental station, various factors need taking into consid-eration. To fulfill the purpose of detailed design and obtain an optimized plan, an index system was builtand the evaluation method was put forward based on the comprehensive consideration of various factors.The evaluation index system was built by introducing seven indexes, covering three aspects which werethe usage, the operation and the construction. Detailed definitions and quantitation methods for each in-dex were put forward. The selection method of location plan of public bicycle rental station based onGrey Correlation Analysis was introduced. The quantitative indexes were normalized using efficacy anal-ysis method and their weights were calculated using entropy method. Then, the candidate locations wereranked on the basis of Grey Correlation Principle, and the optimized plan could be determined. Finally,this method was applied in the planning of public bicycle rental station in Pukou District of Nanjing. Theresults show that the method could effectively support the decision-making of location selection of pub-lic bicycle rental station.
Molecular-beam epitaxial growth and characterization of quaternary III–nitride compounds (2003)

We report on the controlled growth and characterization of quaternary AlGaInN compounds by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Two-dimensional growth is achieved with a monolayer of In segregating at the growth front. In incorporation is hindered by increasing growth temperature and Al mole fraction, which is explained by the lower binding energy of InN compared to GaN and AlN. The mosaicity of the layers is determined by the substrate quality, whereas the alloy disorder increases with the Al content, independent of the In mole fraction. Room temperature photoluminescence is dominated by a narrow band-edge emission, whose Stokes shift and activation energy increase with the In content. This behavior is interpreted in terms of carrier localization in self-formed alloy inhomogeneities. An In-related band bowing parameter of 2.5 eV has been estimated.
Autonomic Effects of Dipyridamole Stress Testing on Frequency Distribution of RR and QT Interval Variability (1998)

Transient myocardial ischemia and associated changes in the autonomic nervous system may influence heart rate and ventricular repolarization to variable degrees. This study evaluated the effect of dipyridamole (DIP) induced ischemia on the autonomic balance by spectral analysis of RR and QT intervals variability. Patients with coronary artery disease undergoing DIP stress echocardiography were studied. From high resolution ECG recordings, RR and QT interval measurements were performed by a dynamic template-matching algorithm. A time-variant analysis was used to estimate power in the LF (0.05-0.15 Hz) and in the HF (0.15-0.4 Hz) band of RR and QT interval spectra. Patients were grouped in ischemic and nonischemic subgroups based on the echocardiographic detection of wall-motion abnormalities. In patients without ischemia (n = 28), DIP caused a decrease in LF power and an increase in HF power of the RR and QT interval variability, indicating concordant changes of both intervals. In contrast, patients with inducible ischemia (n = 11) showed a decrease in HF power of the RR interval spectra and an increase of HF power of QT interval spectra. Furthermore, LF power was increased for RR but decreased for QT interval spectra. Our study suggests that DIP induced ischemia causes a loss of autonomic coupling between heart rate and ventricular repolarization for sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. This lability in ventricular repolarization may constitute an arrhythmogenic substrate during acute ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease.