gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Live Connection (2023)

Live Connection is another type of connection in Power BI. This connection is similar to DirectQuery because it doesn't store data in memory. However, it is different from DirectQuery, because it includes the analytical engine of SQL Server Analysis Services Tabular. With this method, you get benefits from both worlds—large-scale model size and the analytical power of Analysis Services. In this chapter, you learn about the details of Live Connection, including things that you need to consider and how to set it up when working with a gateway.
Competitive Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease by the Gag-Pol Transframe Protein (1999)

The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) transframe protein p6* is located between the structural and enzymatic domains of the Gag-Pol polyprotein, flanked by the nucleocapsid (NC) and the protease (PR) domain at its amino and carboxyl termini, respectively. Here, we report that recombinant highly purified HIV-1 p6* specifically inhibits mature HIV-1 PR activity. Kinetic analyses and cross-linking experiments revealed a competitive mechanism for PR inhibition by p6*. We further demonstrate that the four carboxyl-terminal residues of p6* are essential but not sufficient for p6*-mediated inhibition of PR activity. Based on these results, we suggest a role of the transframe protein p6* in regulating HIV-1 PR activity during viral replication.
Surgical Treatment of Multifocal Epilepsy Involving Eloquent Cortex (2003)

Combined MST and resection can meaningfully improve seizure control in patients with multifocal epilepsy involving eloquent cortex. Prospective randomized studies are needed.
Spectral graph theory of brain oscillations—-Revisited and improved (2022)

Mathematical modeling of the relationship between the functional activity and the structural wiring of the brain has largely been undertaken using non-linear and biophysically detailed mathematical models with regionally varying parameters. While this approach provides us a rich repertoire of multistable dynamics that can be displayed by the brain, it is computationally demanding. Moreover, although neuronal dynamics at the microscopic level are nonlinear and chaotic, it is unclear if such detailed nonlinear models are required to capture the emergent meso-(regional population ensemble) and macro-scale (whole brain) behavior, which is largely deterministic and reproducible across individuals. Indeed, recent modeling effort based on spectral graph theory has shown that an analytical model without regionally varying parameters and without multistable dynamics can capture the empirical magnetoencephalography frequency spectra and the spatial patterns of the alpha and beta frequency bands accurately. In this work, we demonstrate an improved hierarchical, linearized, and analytic spectral graph theory-based model that can capture the frequency spectra obtained from magnetoencephalography recordings of resting healthy subjects. We reformulated the spectral graph theory model in line with classical neural mass models, therefore providing more biologically interpretable parameters, especially at the local scale. We demonstrated that this model performs better than the original model when comparing the spectral correlation of modeled frequency spectra and that obtained from the magnetoencephalography recordings. This model also performs equally well in predicting the spatial patterns of the empirical alpha and beta frequency bands.
Coding efficiency of video sensor networks (2005)

We address the problem of coding multiple image sequences in a video sensor network. Multiple correlated video signals originate from cameras that monitor the same scene from different view points. Based on motion-compensated temporal transform coding of image sequences, the paper develops a high-rate approximation for the coding efficiency of a video sensor network with N cameras. We establish the rate difference between collaborative coding of correlated video signals and non-collaborative coding at each sensor. Bounds are obtained by assuming very accurate disparity compensation among all cameras. The goal is to study the impact of both inter-view correlation among video sensor signals and number of cameras in the network.
Scarcity Effects on Consumers' Affective, Cognitive, and Conative Responses: Moderating Role of Shopping Orientation (2016)

Scarcity accelerates decision makers' perceived perishability of an offer, limiting their freedom to delay the purchase decision and creating a sense of urgency for an immediate action. Despite the ubiquity of scarcity tactics in marketing, empirical explanations of the integrative psychological mechanism underlying the scarcity effect have been scant. This study examines consumers' affective, cognitive, and conative responses to scarce offerings. Through an online experiment with 203 college consumers, this study revealed that the scarcity effects on consumers' affective response (arousal) and conative response (buying intent) were relatively robust across multiple products, suggesting the strong role of scarcity in leading to consumers' emotional decision making. However, scarcity effects on consumers' cognitive responses regarding the product benefit dimensions differed across products. Further research is needed to delve into the personal or situational factors that lead to differential scarcity effects on consumers' cognitive information processing of product benefits.
Ca(2+)-independent F-actin assembly and disassembly during Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse macrophages. (1991)

Phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles by macrophages is presumed to involve the actin-based cytoskeleton since F-actin accumulates beneath forming phagosomes, and particle engulfment is blocked by cytochalasins, drugs that inhibit actin filament assembly. However, it is unknown whether Fc receptor ligation affects the rate or extent of F-actin assembly during phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles. To examine this question we have used a quantitative spectrofluorometric method to examine F-actin dynamics during a synchronous wave of phagocytosis of IgG-coated red blood cells by inflammatory mouse macrophages. We observed a biphasic rise in macrophage F-actin content during particle engulfment, with maxima at 1 and 5 min after the initiation of phagocytosis. F-actin declined to resting levels by 30 min, by which time particle engulfment was completed. These quantitative increases in macrophage F-actin were reflected in localized changes in F-actin distribution. Previous work showed that the number of IgG-coated particles engulfed by macrophages is unaffected by buffering extracellular calcium or by clamping cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) to very low levels (Di Virgilio, F., B. C. Meyer, S. Greenberg, and S. C. Silverstein. 1988. J. Cell Biol. 106: 657-666). To determine whether clamping [Ca2+]i in macrophages affects the rate of particle engulfment, or the assembly or disassembly of F-actin during phagocytosis, we examined these parameters in macrophages whose [Ca2+]i had been clamped to approximately less than 3 nM with fura 2/AM and acetoxymethyl ester of EGTA. We found that the initial rate of phagocytosis, and the quantities of F-actin assembled and disassembled were similar in Ca(2+)-replete and Ca(2+)-depleted macrophages. We conclude that Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse macrophages is accompanied by an ordered sequence of assembly and disassembly of F-actin that is insensitive to [Ca2+]i.
Concentration‐, Temperature‐ and Solvent‐Dependent Self‐Assembly: Merocyanine Dimerization as a Showcase Example for Obtaining Reliable Thermodynamic Data (2023)

Mathematical models for the concentration-, temperature- and solvent-dependent analysis of self-assembly equilibria are derived for the most simple case of dimer formation, to highlight the assumptions these models and the thus determined thermodynamic parameters are based on. The three models were applied to UV/Vis absorption data for the dimerization of a highly dipolar merocyanine dye in 1,4-dioxane. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) dilution experiments were performed as an independent reference technique. While the concentration-dependent analysis is according to our studies the most reliable method, also the less time-consuming temperature-dependent evaluation can give accurate results in the present example, despite small thermochromic effects. In contrast, the strong negative solvatochromism of the merocyanine tampers with the results from the solvent-dependent evaluation. Even though the studies presented in this work are limited to the monomer-dimer equilibrium of a dipolar dye, the basic principles can be transferred to other chromophores and different self-assembly models, including those for supramolecular polymerization.
CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE: Structure and Spectroscopy (1998)

Cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chains of mitochondria and aerobic bacteria, catalyzes electron transfer from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, reducing the latter to water. Electron transfer is coupled to proton translocation across the membrane, resulting in a proton and charge gradient that is then employed by the F0F1-ATPase to synthesize ATP. Over the last years, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the structure and function of this enzyme. Spectroscopic techniques such as EPR, absorbance and resonance Raman spectroscopy, in combination with site-directed mutagenesis work, have been successfully applied to elucidate the nature of the cofactors and their ligands, to identify key residues involved in proton transfer, and to gain insight into the catalytic cycle and the structures of its intermediates. Recently, the crystal structures of a bacterial and a mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase have been determined. In this review, we provide an overview of the crystal structures, summarize recent spectroscopic work, and combine structural and spectroscopic data in discussing mechanistic aspects of the enzyme. For the latter, we focus on the structure of the oxygen intermediates, proton-transfer pathways, and the much-debated issue of how electron transfer in the enzyme might be coupled to proton translocation.
Antarctic mass rates from GRACE (2006)

We estimate mass trends over Antarctica using gravity variations observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission during its first 3.5 years (April 2002–November 2005). An image of surface mass trends is constructed from 1° × 1° pixels over the entire continent, and shows two prominent features, a region of mass loss along the coast of West Antarctica, and one of accumulation in East Antarctica. After adjusting for bias due to smoothing and to GRACE's limited spatial resolution, and removing post glacial rebound (PGR) effects, the rate in West Antarctica is −77 ± 14 km 3 /year, similar to a recent estimate of ice mass loss from satellite altimetry and remote sensing data. The prominent East Antarctic feature in the Enderby Land region has a rate of +80 ± 16 km 3 /year. Published snow/ice mass rates from remote sensing measurements indicate approximate ice mass balance in this region, suggesting that this feature is either from unquantified snow accumulation in this region or more likely due to unmodeled PGR.
The transcriptional coregulatorNAB2is a target gene for the Wilms' tumor gene 1 protein (WT1) in leukemic cells (2017)

The Wilms' tumor gene 1 (<i>WT1</i>) is recurrently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia. Mutations and high expression of <i>WT1</i> associate with a poor prognosis. In mice, WT1 cooperates with the <i>RUNX1/RUNX1T1</i> (<i>AML1/ETO</i>) fusion gene in the induction of acute leukemia, further emphasizing a role for WT1 in leukemia development. Molecular mechanisms for WT1 are, however, incompletely understood. Here, we identify the transcriptional coregulator <i>NAB2</i> as a target gene of WT1. Analysis of gene expression profiles of leukemic samples revealed a positive correlation between the expression of <i>WT1</i> and <i>NAB2</i>, as well as a non-zero partial correlation. Overexpression of <i>WT1</i> in hematopoietic cells resulted in increased <i>NAB2</i> levels, while suppression of <i>WT1</i> decreased <i>NAB2</i> expression. WT1 bound and transactivated the proximal <i>NAB2</i> promoter, as shown by ChIP and reporter experiments, respectively. ChIP experiments also revealed that WT1 can recruit NAB2 to the <i>IRF8</i> promoter, thus modulating the transcriptional activity of WT1, as shown by reporter experiments. Our results implicate <i>NAB2</i> as a previously unreported target gene of WT1 and that NAB2 acts as a transcriptional cofactor of WT1.
Growth Factors for Neuronal Survival and Process Regeneration (1989)

Within the past several years a number of substances have been identified in the mammalian brain that are capable of (1) preventing the death of injured neurons and (2) promoting the regeneration of severed neuronal processes. The goal of this review article is to update the clinical neurologist in this area by presenting a brief, general overview of this subject, including a glimpse at potential clinical implications. Recent advances in neuronal transplantation and molecular techniques underlying nerve growth are discussed. Possible therapeutic approaches are presented for many neurologic disorders, ranging from stroke to Alzheimer's disease to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, based on regrowing or saving injured neurons. The clinical neurologist will become important in practical applications and research into prolonging neuronal survival and fostering axonal regeneration. Over the coming years, with further research, it is anticipated that patients will be treated with these or similar modulatory agents.
Empirical stationary correlations for semi-supervised learning on graphs (2010)

In semi-supervised learning on graphs, response variables observed at one node are used to estimate missing values at other nodes. The methods exploit correlations between nearby nodes in the graph. In this paper we prove that many such proposals are equivalent to kriging predictors based on a fixed covariance matrix driven by the link structure of the graph. We then propose a data-driven estimator of the correlation structure that exploits patterns among the observed response values. By incorporating even a small fraction of observed covariation into the predictions, we are able to obtain much improved prediction on two graph data sets.
Response of murine IL3-sensitive cell lines to cytokines of human and murine origin. (1989)

We analyzed the proliferative response of DA1, DA1-a, NFS 60, 32DC1, Ea 3-17 and FDCP2 murine interleukin 3 (mIL3)-sensitive cell lines to human recombinant IL1 alpha, IL1 beta, IL2, IL4, IL5, IL6, granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF), macrophage-CSF (M-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF), interferon gamma (IFN gamma), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, gibbon IL3, purified HILDA and mouse recombinant IL3, IL4, GM-CSF. All cell lines responded to mIL3 and IL4. Various response patterns were observed with human IL2, G-CSF and murine GM-CSF. Human IL4 and GM-CSF were absolutely inefficient in triggering proliferation of lines sensitive to their murine counterparts, confirming the species specificity of these two cytokines. Among the cell lines responding to G-CSF, some variations in sensitivities were observed. Thus the 32DC1 cell line needed 10 to 30 times more G-CSF to reach the same level of proliferation as the NFS60 cell line. DA1-a was the only factor-dependent cell line responding to purified HILDA, and IL6 was found to trigger proliferation of the NFS60 cell line, with a half-maximum effect observed for 0.1 pM of hormone.
Lung cancer in nonsmoking women. Histology and survival patterns (1995)

Given the importance of lung cancer to public health and the need to examine risk by histologic type, these data indicate that pathologic review of registry-reported lung cancer cases may be an important component of large scale studies of etiology.
Modal shape reconstruction method for deflectometry based on deep learning (2022)

Deflectometry is a slope-based technique to measure specular surfaces. Modal reconstruction methods fit the surface shape with a certain mathematical model based on expansion polynomials and their coefficients. The coefficients are obtained by linear equations, which are consisted of the gradient of the polynomials and the measured slope data. Nevertheless, computing the large linear equations is time-consuming work and the noises and outliers will decrease the reconstruction accuracy. This paper uses the Chebyshev polynomials as the basis set and proposes a modal reconstruction method based on the deep convolutional neural network to directly output the corresponding Chebyshev coefficients. Compared with the conventional modal reconstruction method, the results demonstrate that the reconstruction accuracy and the computational efficiency are improved effectively using the proposed method.
Parabacteroides Distasonis Attenuates Tumorigenesis, Modulates Inflammatory Markers, and Promotes Intestinal Barrier Integrity in Azoxymethane-treated Mice (OR04-02-19) (2019)

Gut dysbiosis or imbalance of the gut microbial community promotes inflammation and contributes to pathogenesis of several conditions such as aging, obesity, and colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we demonstrated that feeding Parabacteroides distasonis (Pd) to mice suppressed obesity-driven colorectal tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated if Pd could suppress the development and progression of colon tumors in mice independent of obesity. Six-week old male A/J mice (n = 23/group) were randomly assigned to one of the 3 diet regimens: 1) standard chow diet for 24 weeks (CTR), 2) chow supplemented with 0.04% w/w freeze-dried Pd for 24 weeks (Pd-Early), or 3) chow diet for 19 weeks followed by chow diet supplemented with 0.04% w/w freeze-dried Pd for a further 5 weeks (Pd-Late). All mice were given 6 weekly injections of the colon carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM; 10 mg/kg I.P.) starting after 1 week on diet and were euthanized after 24 weeks on diet. Histologically confirmed neoplastic colonic polyps were observed in 77%, 55%, and 40% in CTR, Pd-Early, and Pd-Late mice, respectively (X2 = 0.047). The expression of IL-4 and TNFα was 58% (P = 0.05) and 55% (P < 0.001) lower, respectively, in Pd-Early compared to CTR mice. Interestingly, Pd-Late mice displayed a 217% (P = 0.05) and 185% (P < 0.001) increase in IL-10 and TGF-β expression, respectively, compared to CTR mice. Both Pd-Early and Pd-Late mice demonstrated an increased expression of tight junction proteins, ZO-1 (P < 0.001) and occludin (P < 0.001), by 2–3 fold, compared to controls. Our results support a protective role for Pd in colonic tumorigenesis and maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier in AOM-treated mice. Moreover, our data suggest a differential regulation of immune responses by Pd when administered at different stages of tumorigenesis. Future investigation is warranted to delineate the effect of Pd on the immune system and how this may affect tumorigenesis and tumor progression. This study is supported by 2017 HNRCA Pilot Grant and the USDA CRIS fund.
Expression and localization of the prion protein PrPC in the olfactory system of the mouse (2008)

The normal physiological function of the prion protein PrP(C) remains elusive despite its widespread expression, particularly throughout the nervous system. A critical step toward identifying its function is to precisely localize its pattern of expression. Historically, the immunolocalization of PrP(C) has proved to be notoriously difficult and nonconsensual. We have thus undertaken a detailed expression analysis by means of a combination of in situ hybridization, knockout mice, and immunohistochemistry, using recently generated highly specific antibodies. We have attempted to accurately localize PrP(C) expression in a tissue that is highly structured and of crucial behavioral importance to mice, the olfactory system. We found that PrP(C) was expressed in both peripheral and central neurons of the olfactory system and that its distribution was axonal-specific in both olfactory sensory neurons of the olfactory epithelium and mitral cells of the olfactory bulb. Our detailed expression analysis and the axonal localization we observed may provide important hints toward potential functions of PrP(C).
Fe3O4@Au/polyaniline multifunctional nanocomposites: their preparation and optical, electrical and magnetic properties (2008)

Fe(3)O(4)@Au/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were fabricated by in situ polymerization in the presence of mercaptocarboxylic acid. The mercaptocarboxylic acid was used to introduce hydrogen bonding and/or electrostatic interaction; it acts as a template in the formation of Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanorods. The morphology and structure of the resulting nanocomposites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and x-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the nanocomposites were rod-like with an average diameter of 153 nm, and they exhibited a core-shell structure. A UV-visible spectrometer, semiconductor parameter analyzer and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the optical, electrical and magnetic properties of the Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanocomposites. It was interesting to find that these properties are dependent on the molar ratio of Au to Fe(3)O(4) when the molar ratio of Fe(3)O(4)@Au to PANI is fixed. The magnetic property of the Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanocomposite is very close to superparamagnetic behavior.
New Solutions for Optimal Hardware Tests of Reconfigurable Hardware Systems (2015)

This research paper deals with Reconfigurable Hardware Systems (abbreviated, RHS) that should be adapted to their environment under well-defined conditions. A reconfiguration scenario is a run-time hardware operation allowing the addition/removal of hardware components. We classify the reconfiguration scenarios into three levels: Architectural, Structural and Data Reconfiguration Levels. We propose a new solution for optimal hardware tests of RHS based on the definition of new fault collapsing relationships termed Inter-Equivalence, Inter-Dominance and Redundancy.
Bregman primal–dual first-order method and application to sparse semidefinite programming (2021)

Abstract We present a new variant of the Chambolle–Pock primal–dual algorithm with Bregman distances, analyze its convergence, and apply it to the centering problem in sparse semidefinite programming. The novelty in the method is a line search procedure for selecting suitable step sizes. The line search obviates the need for estimating the norm of the constraint matrix and the strong convexity constant of the Bregman kernel. As an application, we discuss the centering problem in large-scale semidefinite programming with sparse coefficient matrices. The logarithmic barrier function for the cone of positive semidefinite completable sparse matrices is used as the distance-generating kernel. For this distance, the complexity of evaluating the Bregman proximal operator is shown to be roughly proportional to the cost of a sparse Cholesky factorization. This is much cheaper than the standard proximal operator with Euclidean distances, which requires an eigenvalue decomposition.