gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Reactive Oxide Overlayer on Rhodium Nanoparticles during CO Oxidation and Its Size Dependence Studied by In Situ Ambient‐Pressure X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2008)

The smaller, the better: In situ synchrotron ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allows examination of the oxidation state of the surface of the rhodium nanoparticles (NPs) during CO oxidation in an O2 atmosphere. 2 nm NPs oxidize to a larger extent than 7 nm NPs during reaction at 150–200 °C, which correlates with a fivefold increase in turnover frequency for the smaller nanoparticles. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Structure formation upon reactive direct current magnetron sputteringof transition metal oxide films (2004)

A comparative study of reactive direct current magnetron sputtering for different transition metal oxides reveals crystalline films at room temperature for group 4 and amorphous films for groups 5 and 6. This observation cannot be explained by the known growth laws and is attributed to the impact of energetic particles, originating from the oxidized target, on the growing film. This scenario is supported by measured target characteristics, the evolution of deposition stress of the films, and the observed backsputtering.
Effects of Age and Long Term Ovariectomy on Prolactin Secretion, as Assessed by the Reverse Hemolytic Plaque Assay* (1989)

PRL secretion from pituitary lactotrophs was assessed using the reverse hemolytic plaque assay in young (2- to 3-month-old), middle-aged (10- to 12-month-old), and middle-aged long term ovariectomized (LT-OVX) rats to investigate whether 1) a change in the percentage of pituitary cells secreting PRL is detectable in middle-aged animals, 2) the amount of PRL secreted per cell changes with age, 3) aging involves a change in responsiveness to TRH and/or dopamine (DA), and 4) LT-OVX can prevent any of these changes. Young and middle-aged rats were OVX for 1 week. LT-OVX rats were OVX at 2-3 months of age and used when they were 10-12 months old. All animals were implanted with Silastic capsules containing estradiol (E2) in sesame oil and killed 3 or 8 days later. Anterior pituitaries were collected, and cells were dispersed and prepared for the reverse hemolytic plaque assay. Three days after E2 was implanted, the percentage of anterior pituitary cells that secrete PRL was higher in middle-aged compared to young rats. LT-OVX prevented this increase; the percentage of cells secreting PRL was significantly lower in LT-OVX than in both young and middle-aged rats. Basal secretion of PRL per cell was not different in young compared to middle-aged rats and was significantly lower in LT-OVX than in either young or middle-aged rats. TRH induced similar increases in plaque size in young and middle-aged rats, but had no effect in LT-OVX rats. DA (10(-7) M) inhibited plaque size only in LT-OVX rats; however, higher concentrations of DA were equally effective in the three experimental groups. Eight days after E2 was implanted, the percentage of cells that secrete PRL increased in LT-OVX rats, but was still significantly lower than that in middle-aged animals. After 8 days of E2 treatment, PRL release was similar in the three experimental groups under basal conditions. In LT-OVX rats TRH produced a small increase in PRL secretion (30-40%); DA suppressed PRL release in a similar manner in the three groups. These data demonstrate that middle-aged rats exhibit an increase in the percentage of cells secreting PRL without a concomitant detectable change in the amount of PRL released by single cells and/or a change in responsiveness to TRH or DA. Long term estrogen deprivation prevents this age-related change, suppresses responsiveness to TRH, and enhances sensitivity to DA.
Thermal conductivity of B-C-N and BN nanotubes (2005)

We have measured the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity κ(T) of boron-carbon-nitride (B-C-N) and boron nitride (BN) nanotube mats. The thermal conductivity of B-C-N nanotubes is phonon dominated and reflects dimensional effect below 70 K. We employ a new analysis method to estimate the intrinsic κ(T) of BN nanotubes converted from B-C-N nanotubes, and find that at room temperature κ(T) of a multiwalled BN nanotube is within 0.04–0.32 times that of a multiwalled carbon nanotube. The lower κ(T) of BN nanotubes than that of carbon nanotubes may be due to the enhanced isotope disorder effect in one dimension.
Effect of transition metal coordination on the photophysical properties of fullerene, C60. Triplet formation and lifetime in (.eta.5-C9H7)Ir(CO)(.eta.2-C60) (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of transition metal coordination on the photophysical properties of fullerene, C60. Triplet formation and lifetime in (.eta.5-C9H7)Ir(CO)(.eta.2-C60)Yong Zhu, Robert S. Koefod, C. Devadoss, John R. Shapley, and Gary B. SchusterCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 17, 3505–3506Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00043a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (301 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Peritumoural neutrophils negatively regulate adaptive immunity via the PD-L1/PD-1 signalling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma (2015)

Our results indicate that the tumour microenvironment induces impaired antitumour immunity via the modulation of PD-L1 expression on tumour infiltrating neutrophils.
Programmable active memories: reconfigurable systems come of age (1996)

Programmable active memories (PAM) are a novel form of universal reconfigurable hardware coprocessor. Based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, a PAM is a virtual machine, controlled by a standard microprocessor, which can be dynamically and indefinitely reconfigured into a large number of application-specific circuits. PAM's offer a new mixture of hardware performance and software versatility. We review the important architectural features of PAM's, through the example of DECPeRLe-1, an experimental device built in 1992. PAM programming is presented, in contrast to classical gate-array and full custom circuit design. Our emphasis is on large, code-generated synchronous systems descriptions; no compromise is made with regard to the performance of the target circuits. We exhibit a dozen applications where PAM technology proves superior, both in performance and cost, to every other existing technology, including supercomputers, massively parallel machines, and conventional custom hardware. The fields covered include computer arithmetic, cryptography, error correction, image analysis, stereo vision, video compression, sound synthesis, neural networks, high-energy physics, thermodynamics, biology and astronomy. At comparable cost, the computing power virtually available in a PAM exceeds that of conventional processors by a factor 10 to 1000, depending on the specific application, in 1992. A technology shrink increases the performance gap between conventional processors and PAM's. By Noyce's law, we predict by how much the performance gap will widen with time.
Role of dynamic simulation in fighter engine design and development (1989)

A modern fighter engine has stringent requirements for performance, operability, and durability. To meet these conflicting requirements and to ensure a balanced design, dynamic simulation is exercised during flow-path design, control-mode design, and development testing. This assures problem prevention and reduces development costs. This analytical process is described with the aid of real world examples. Representative engine models, which accurately account for off-design and dynamic effects, are used early in the design phase for judicious configuration selection and control-mode design. Favorable component matching is ensured before hardware fabrication, and thus costly mistakes are prevented. The special flow-path design considerations in fastresponse twin-spool afterburning turbofan engines are discussed. In addition to flow-path design, simulation tradeoff studies are used to optimize the control system to satisfy systems requirements. Novel control modes can be analytically evaluated across the operating spectrum and made practicable with appropriate activation criteria that are readily implemented in digital-control logic. Simulation applications during development/flight testing include calculation of hard-to-measure engine parameters using test data driven dynamic engine models, thus facilitating design verification. The described process has been successfully used and is illustrated here with its application to the F100-PW-229 (PW229).
2011 panel on developing a biomaterials curriculum (2012)

This article provides the transcript for the Panel on Developing a Biomaterials Curriculum held at the 2011 annual meeting of the Society for Biomaterials in Orlando, FL. The panelists were Thomas R. Harris of Vanderbilt University, Jack Lemons of the University of Alabama, Birmingham, Antonios G. Mikos of Rice University, David A. Puleo on the University of Kentucky, Frederick J. Schoen of Harvard Medical School, and Johnna S. Temenoff of Georgia Tech/Emory. The panelists, each an expert in engineering education and textbook author, presented their perspectives on key issues of developing undergraduate and graduate curricula that contain a biomaterials focus. The presentations were followed by a lively and informative discussion with the audience. A redacted portion of this discussion is included.
Fabrication of Porous TiO2 Films Using Two-Step Replication of Microstructure of Anodic Alumina (1992)

Microporous TiO 2 films were fabricated using a two-step replicating process, in which porous anodic alumina was used as a template. The TiO 2 films prepared from a TiO 2 sol solution had straight micropores of high aspect ratio, and the distribution of the pore diameter was very sharp. Change due to postheating treatment of as-prepared TiO 2 films was examined by electron diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopic observation.
Hydrogel and Microfluidic Enabling Technologies for Wearable Biomonitoring Devices: Sweat and ECG Sensing. (2017)

Wearable devices in healthcare can greatly benefit from the development of new microfluidic sampling methods for sensing biomarkers in sweat.Sweat contains many useful bioindicators that could enable traditional blood based testing techniques in a non-invasive wearable device.Current commercial wearable devices are limited to a combination of motion and heart rate sensors, which provide little insight to the health of the user.Several research groups have shown that sweat sensing patches can be used to analyze the physiological status of the user, but they have the drawbacks that they only work during periods of high sweat rate and cannot manage the flow of fluid to direct it away from their sensors after testing, resulting in higher error over time.This thesis will present new microfluidic technologies that may enable the next generation of wearable biosensors.The goal of our research is to harness the osmotic properties of hydrogels with a paper microfluidic network to enable continual sweat sensing.These technologies will solve issues related to sensing during low sweat rate and fluid management.We first describe hydrogels that are doped with glycerol or sodium chloride to create a high osmotic pressure in order to pump sweat from the body, mimicking the sweat gland itself, and into our device.Flowrate control and sensing were demonstrated for this pumping mechanism in a lab setting.We then investigated evaporation as a means to continually drive fluid flow through a paper microfluidic network.Evaporation off of the back end of a microfluidic device enables long-term operation of a sweat collection device.Flow control and sensing modalities were demonstrated for this platform.We show that even with
Mutations derived from horseshoe bat ACE2 orthologs enhance ACE2-Fc neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein mediates infection of cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is also the viral receptor of SARS-CoV (SARS-CoV-1), a related coronavirus that emerged in 2002-2003. Horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) are presumed to be the original reservoir of both viruses, and a SARS-like coronavirus, RaTG13, closely related to SARS-CoV-2, has been identified in one horseshoe-bat species. Here we characterize the ability of the S-protein receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, pangolin coronavirus (PgCoV), RaTG13, and LyRa11, a bat virus similar to SARS-CoV-1, to bind a range of ACE2 orthologs. We observed that the PgCoV RBD bound human ACE2 at least as efficiently as the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, and that both RBDs bound pangolin ACE2 efficiently. We also observed a high level of variability in binding to closely related horseshoe-bat ACE2 orthologs consistent with the heterogeneity of their RBD-binding regions. However five consensus horseshoe-bat ACE2 residues enhanced ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses by an enzymatically inactive immunoadhesin form of human ACE2 (hACE2-NN-Fc). Two of these mutations impaired neutralization of SARS-CoV-1 pseudoviruses. An hACE2-NN-Fc variant bearing all five mutations neutralized both SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and infectious virus more efficiently than wild-type hACE2-NN-Fc. These data suggest that SARS-CoV-1 and -2 originate from distinct bat species, and identify a more potently neutralizing form of soluble ACE2.
A New Inverse Integral Formulation for Thin Regions Magnetization Identification (2018)

International audience
Clinical Outcome of Immediately Loaded Dental Implants Bioactivated With Plasma Rich in Growth Factors: A 5‐Year Retrospective Study (2008)

Based on these results, the procedure described for the immediate loading of implants can be considered safe and predictable if used under strict clinical protocols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antihypertensive Activity of S‐Substituted 3‐Amino‐4‐(2,6‐dichlorobenzylideneamino)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazoles and the Corresponding 3,4‐Diamino‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazoles. (1986)

Abstract Triazoles of type (I)‐(III) are synthesized according to common procedures and compared with the antihypertensive agents clonidine (IV), nebidrazine (V), H 152/43 (VI) and hydralazine (VII).
NF-κB Regulation by IκB Kinase-2 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes (2001)

IkappaB kinase-1 and IkappaB kinase-2 (IKK1 and IKK2; also called IKKalpha and IKKbeta, respectively) are part of the signal complex that regulates NF-kappaB activity in many cell types, including fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). We determined which of these two kinases is responsible for cytokine-induced NF-kappaB activation in synoviocytes and assessed the functional consequences of IKK1 or IKK2 overexpression and inhibition. FLS were infected with adenovirus constructs encoding either wild-type (wt) IKK1 or IKK2, the dominant negative (dn) mutant of both kinases, or a control construct encoding green fluorescence protein. Analysis of the NF-kappaB pathway revealed that cytokine-induced IKK activation, IkappaB degradation, and NF-kappaB activation was prevented in cells expressing the IKK2 dn mutant, whereas baseline NF-kappaB activity was increased by IKK2 wt. In addition, synthesis of IL-6 and IL-8, as well as expression of ICAM-1 and collagenase, was only increased by IKK2 wt, and their cytokine-induced production was abrogated by IKK2 dn mutant. However, the IKK1 dn mutant did not inhibit cytokine-mediated activation of NF-kappaB or any of the functional assays. These data indicate that IKK2 is the key convergence pathway for cytokine-induced NF-kappaB activation. Furthermore, IKK2 regulates adhesion molecule, matrix metalloproteinase, and cytokine production in FLS.
Sciatic Endometriosis (1991)

Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve is a rare but important cause of sciatica. Early on, the symptoms may be cyclic and be treated with local excision of the endometrioma from the sciatic nerve. If left untreated, it can result in marked cicatricial change of the sciatic nerve and require more radical surgical treatment. Due to the hemorrhagic nature of endometriomas and their characteristic location, the MR imaging findings can permit a specific diagnosis of sciatic endometriosis to be suggested. Therefore, MR imaging is recommended for evaluation of sciatica if the symptoms vary with the menstrual cycle or if there is a history of endometriosis. Early recognition of this disorder will facilitate appropriate treatment and minimize permanent damage to the sciatic nerve. The first surgically proven case of sciatic endometriosis with preoperative MR imaging is presented.
Respiratory outcomes in the first 10 years of life in children with gastroschisis: A retrospective cohort study (2021)

Our study shows that children with gastroschisis have an increased risk of asthma and respiratory infections compared with children without gastroschisis, most noticeably in the first 5 years of life.
A collaborative cloud-edge computing framework in distributed neural network (2020)

Abstract The emergence of edge computing provides a new solution to big data processing in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. By combining edge computing with deep neural network, it can make better use of the advantages of multi-layer architecture of the network. However, the current task offloading and scheduling frameworks for edge computing are not well applicable to neural network training tasks. In this paper, we propose a task model offloading algorithm by considering how to optimally deploy neural network model into the edge nodes. An adaptive task scheduling algorithm is also designed to adaptively optimize the task assignment by using the improved ant colony algorithm. Based on them, a collaborative cloud-edge computing framework is proposed, which can be used in the distributed neural network. Moreover, this framework sets up some mechanisms so that the cloud can collaborate with edge computing in the work. The simulation results show that the framework can reduce time delay and energy consumption, and improve task accuracy.
Integrated water and waste management system for future spacecraft (1974)

Over 200 days of continuous testing have been completed on an integrated waste management-water recovery system developed by General Electric under a jointly funded AEC/NASA/AF Contract. The 4 man system provides urine, feces, and trash collection; water reclamation; storage, heating and dispensing of the water; storage and disposal of the feces and urine residue and all of other nonmetallic waste material by incineration. The heat required for the 1200 deg F purification processes is provided by a single 420-w radioisotope heater. A second 836-w radioisotope heater supplemented by 720 w of electrical heat provides for distillation and water heating. Significant test results are no pre-or-post treatment, greater than 98 per cent potable water recovery, approximately 95 per cent reduction in solids weight and volume, all outflows are sterile with the water having no bacteria or virus, and the radioisotope capsule radiation level is only 7.9 mrem/hr unshielded at 1 m (neutrons and gamma).
Mean square error performance evaluation of a commercial speckle imaging system using simulated imagery (2014)

We examine the performance of a commercially available speckle imaging system in reconstructing static scenes from imagery corrupted by anisoplanatic distortions commonly observed when imaging over long horizontal paths near the ground. Performance is evaluated using the Mean Squared Error between system outputs and a diffraction-limited reference image. Input image frames are taken from a large library of simulated imagery of a static object observed over a 1 km horizontal path through volume turbulence in 3 turbulence conditions. 1000 image frames are available for each condition allowing for a statistically significant characterization of system performance over a range of turbulence conditions.
Dictyostelium discoideum strains lacking the RtoA protein are defective for maturation of the Legionella pneumophila replication vacuole (2005)

To identify host proteins involved in Legionella pneumophila intracellular replication, the soil amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum was analysed. The absence of the amoebal RtoA protein is demonstrated here to depress L. pneumophila intracellular growth. Uptake of L. pneumophila into a D. discoideum rtoA(-) strain was marginally defective, but this effect was not sufficient to account for the defective intracellular growth of L. pneumophila. The rtoA mutant was also more resistant to high-multiplicity killing by the bacterium. A targeting assay testing the colocalization of L. pneumophila-containing vacuole with an endoplasmic reticulum/pre-Golgi intermediate compartment marker protein, GFP-HDEL, was used to analyse these defects. In parental D. discoideum, the L. pneumophila vacuole showed recruitment of GFP-HDEL within 40 min after introduction of bacteria to the amoebae. By 6 h after infection it was clear that the rtoA mutant acquired and retained the GFP-HDEL less efficiently than the parental strain, and that the mutant was defective for promoting the physical expansion of the membranous compartment surrounding the bacteria. Depressed intracellular growth of L. pneumophila in a D. discoideum rtoA(-) mutant therefore appeared to result from a lowered efficiency of vesicle trafficking events that are essential for the modification and expansion of the L. pneumophila-containing compartment.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Luliconazole Mediated by Lipases (2018)

A straightforward chemoenzymatic synthesis of luliconazole has been developed. The key step involved the preparation of the enantiomerically pure β‐halohydrin (1 S )‐2‐chloro‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1‐ethanol through kinetic resolution of the corresponding racemic acetate. This was achieved by a hydrolytic approach, mediated by the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus or Novozym 435®. The latter enzyme proved to be a robust biocatalyst for the kinetic resolution, and the ( S )‐β‐halohydrin was obtained with high selectivity ( ee &gt; 99 %, E &gt; 200) after just 15 min, at 45 °C. It could be reused five times with maintenance of high values of both conversion and enantioselectivity. Subsequently, the ( S )‐β‐halohydrin was subjected to a mesylation reaction; the mesylated derivative reacted with 1‐cyanomethylimidazole in the presence of CS 2 to give luliconazole in 43 % yield with &gt;99 % ee .