gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-08-08: C/EBPβ antagonist peptide, ST101, as a novel therapeutic for breast cancer (2022)

Abstract CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Beta (C/EBPβ) is an oncogenic transcription factor that is active in many cancers, where it drives the expression of factors that promote tumor survival and proliferation. In breast cancer, increased C/EBPβ expression is associated with a metastatic phenotype, high tumor grade and an overall poor prognosis (Zahnow, 2009). C/EBPβ forms dimers via leucine zipper domain interactions that are required for its transcriptional activity . ST101 is a novel peptide antagonist of C/EBPβ currently being evaluated in a Phase 1/2 clinical study in patients with advanced unresectable and metastatic solid tumors. ST101 binds to the C/EBPβ leucine zipper domain and antagonizes it’s dimerization, resulting in increased C/EBPβ proteosomal degredation and significantly decreased target gene transactivation. Here, we describe the non-clinical anti-tumor activity of ST101 against breast cancer. In vitro studies in 4T1-luc triple-negative (TNBC) and MCF7 HRPOS BC cells demonstrate ST101 dose-dependent cytotoxicity (EC50 of 4.8 and 2.1 µM, respectively), accompanied by significant impact on C/EBPβ-mediated gene expression as determined by qPCR analysis. In contrast, normal human mammary epithelial cells were not sensitive to ST101 (EC50 &amp;gt;100 µM). In HR-negative BC and TNBC tumoroids in vitro, ST101 exposure resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in proliferation and viability, with EC50 values of 18.56 and 15.32 µM, respectively. In vivo experiments indicate significant anti-tumor activity. In a MCF7 subcutaneous xenograft model, 25 mg/kg ST101 resulted in tumor growth delay and a significant decrease in tumor volume (p&amp;lt;0.001 vs. controls). In a 4T1-luc orthotopic model, ST101 resulted in dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition, and tumor regression following 25 mg/kg ST101 (p&amp;lt;0.001 vs. controls). These data emphasize the potential of ST101 as a potent peptide therapeutic for HRPOS and triple-negative BC. Citation Format: Jim Rotolo, Mark Koester, Rick Ramirez, Siok Leong, Lila Ghamsari, Erin Gallagher, Emad Darvishi, Gene Merutka, Barry Kappel. C/EBPβ antagonist peptide, ST101, as a novel therapeutic for breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-08.
Intelligent Pothole Detection and Road Condition Assessment (2017)

Poor road conditions are a public nuisance, causing passenger discomfort, damage to vehicles, and accidents. In the U.S., road-related conditions are a factor in 22,000 of the 42,000 traffic fatalities each year. Although we often complain about bad roads, we have no way to detect or report them at scale. To address this issue, we developed a system to detect potholes and assess road conditions in real-time. Our solution is a mobile application that captures data on a car's movement from gyroscope and accelerometer sensors in the phone. To assess roads using this sensor data, we trained SVM models to classify road conditions with 93% accuracy and potholes with 92% accuracy, beating the base rate for both problems. As the user drives, the models use the sensor data to classify whether the road is good or bad, and whether it contains potholes. Then, the classification results are used to create data-rich maps that illustrate road conditions across the city. Our system will empower civic officials to identify and repair damaged roads which inconvenience passengers and cause accidents. This paper details our data science process for collecting training data on real roads, transforming noisy sensor data into useful signals, training and evaluating machine learning models, and deploying those models to production through a real-time classification app. It also highlights how cities can use our system to crowdsource data and deliver road repair resources to areas in need.
Medical literature search practice in paediatric junior medical staff: A questionnaire survey (2008)

With increasing medical knowledge and emphasis upon evidence-based medicine, it is essential for practitioners to have optimal literature searching skills. There are limited data regarding the use of online information retrieval (IR) systems by paediatric junior medical officers (JMO). The aims of this questionnaire-based study of a group of JMO were to assess the accessibility, frequency of use and preferences for electronic information resources, and to ascertain their perceived adequacy of training and expertise in online searching. Questionnaires were distributed to 319 JMO at two Australian children's hospitals. A total of 106 questionnaires were returned (33.2% response rate). Twenty-four-hour access to electronic medical databases was available to almost 90% of respondents at work or home. Five or less online searches per month were performed by 53.7% of respondents. Previous formal training in database searching was reported by 72.4% of respondents, but over half felt it had been inadequate. Most JMO (91.5%) acknowledged a need for further training in search skills. In spite of widespread availability of online resources, use of these resources was sub-optimal in this group of trainee doctors. Most respondents reported a need for further training in electronic searching. Continuing targeted education in electronic database searching is required to ensure that future doctors develop skills to ensure optimal use of medical literature.
Asymmetric flows in an anatomical-shaped left atrium by 2C-3D+T PIV measurements (2008)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKeywords: mock circulatory systemflow visualisationleft heartmechanical prosthesis Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Dr Pibarot, MOP 67123), Ottawa, Canada. Dr Pibarot holds the Canada Research Chair in Valvular Heart Diseases, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Towards a high-supersaturation theory of crystal growth: Nonlinear one-step flow model in 1+1 dimensions (2016)

Starting with a many-atom master equation of a kinetic, restricted solid-on-solid (KRSOS) model with external material deposition, we investigate nonlinear aspects of the passage to a mesoscale description for a crystal surface in 1+1 dimensions. This latter description focuses on the motion of an atomic line defect (i.e. a step), which is defined via appropriate statistical average over KRSOS microstates. Near thermodynamic equilibrium and for low enough supersaturation, we show that this mesoscale picture is reasonably faithful to the Burton-Cabrera-Frank (BCF) step-flow model. More specifically, we invoke a maximum principle in conjunction with asymptotic error estimates to derive the elements of the BCF model: (i) a diffusion equation for the density of adsorbed adatoms; (ii) a step velocity law; and (iii) a linear relation for the mass flux of adatoms at the step. In this vein, we also provide a criterion by which the adatom flux remains linear in supersaturation, suggesting a range of non-equilibrium conditions under which the BCF model remains valid. Lastly, we make use of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to numerically study effects that drive the system to higher supersaturations -- e.g. deposition of material onto the surface from above. Using these results, we describe empirical corrections to the BCF model that amount to a nonlinear relation for the adatom flux at the step edge.
Morphology of integral (structural) polymer foams (1986)

Abstract The survey deals with the fundamental morphological parameters of integral (structural) polymer foams, which have a specific structure: a cellular core that gradually turns into a solid skin. Attempts are made to evaluate the effect and the contribution of the main parameters (the core, the skin, and the intermediate zone) on the strength properties of these foams. Further problems in the morphology of integral foams are discussed.
Low-cost Simple Processing Method for Wastewater Containing High Concentration of Hexavalent Chromium (2020)

The processing of the wastewater containing high concentrations of hexavalent chromium, which has been commonly used as a powerful oxidant in many industrial production processes, is not able to be implemented easily in developing countries. To develop a simple processing method for wastewater containing high-concentration of hexavalent chromium that can be easily implemented at low cost in developing countries, we examined the processing of artificial wastewater containing high-concentration hexavalent chromium (dichromate ion) using an inexpensive treatment agents. In 100 mL of artificial wastewater containing potassium chromate (hexavalent chromium ion: 1000 mg / L), hexavalent chromium was completely removed after processing in the order of calcium hydroxide (1000 mg) and ferrous chloride (500 or 1000 mg). The XRD spectra of the precipitates obtained after processing artificial wastewater containing potassium dichromate in the order of calcium hydroxide and ferrous chloride showed productions of Fe6Cl12-X(OH)12＋X and CaCO3. It was suggested that dichromate ions in artificial wastewater containing hexavalent chromium ion changed to chromate ions under strong basicity by adding calcium hydroxide, and then might react with Fe6Cl2-X(OH)12＋X to generate the precipitates containing iron-chromate complex (Fe6Cl6-X (OH) 6+X (CrO4) 3) and iron chromate (FeCrO4).
All Solid State Supercapacitors Based on Ionic Liquid/Crosslinked PEO-PPO Tetrablock Copolymer Electrolytes (2015)

Supercapacitors are widely recognized as an important class of energy storage devices, because they can provide a high specific power, long cycle life. Compared with the conventional supercapacitors using liquid electrolyte, all-solid state supercapacitors have many advantages such as lightweight, high flexibility, high safety and environmentally benign nature, which are suitable for flexible and portable electronics. The realization of high performance all solid state supercapacitors strongly depends on the electrical properties and mechanical integrity of constitutive materials and their controlled assembly of electrode and solid electrolyte. In this work, we designed and prepared novel ionic liquid (IL)-doped crosslinked PEO-PPO tetrablock copolymer electrolytes. Triethoxysilane-endcapped precursors were first prepared by reacting the terminal hydroxyl groups of the corresponding Tetronic ® (BASF) copolymers with 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane. Then, the IL-doped and crosslinked electrolytes were fabricated via in situ sol-gel reactions of the triethoxysilane end groups of the precursors and subsequent solution casting process in the presence of IL. Despite large IL doping up to 200 wt%, solid and transparent film could be obtained mainly due to the crosslinked structure. The resulting electrolytes were denoted as cTPL-TPE-A-B, where A and B indicate the codename of Tetronic® and the content of IL doped, respectively. It was confirmed that cTPL-TPE-A-Bs possessed completely amorphous structure and non-fusible property from the XRD and DSC experiments. The Ionic conductivity of a cTPL-TPE-90R4-200 with 200 wt% BMIM-BF 4 reached 3.65×10 -3 S/cm at room temperature and 2.73×10 -2 S/cm at 80 °C (see Figure 1). These values were more than 10 times higher than those of the PEO electrolyte with the same range of BMIM-BF4 content thanks to the entirely amorphous structure of cTPL-TPE-A-Bs. All-solid-state supercapacitors were fabricated assembling cTPL-TPE-A-Bs as electrolytes with graphene sheets (prepared from a kneading method) as electrodes. Consequently, the device exhibited high electrochemical performance such as high operating voltage of 3.7 V, high specific capacitance of 157.4 F/g, and an energy density of 55.3 Wh/kg (@ 10 mA/g). Figure 1
Surface topography and alignment of liquid crystals on rubbed oxide surfaces (1981)

For several nematic liquid crystals (LC’s), the relation between alignments of the LC’s on rubbed oxide surfaces and rubbing pressures of the substrates is given. When the LC’s take a parallel alignment to the surfaces, good homogeneous alignment is achieved at low pressures. High pressure rubbing also produces good homogeneous alignment of LC’s, although alignment is perpendicular to the nonrubbed surfaces. Fine stripes of deposited cloth fibers can be observed on the cloth-rubbed oxide surfaces. The stripes consist of asymmetric projections ranging in the rubbed direction. On the basis of the asymmetric structure formed on the surface, the tilt direction of LC’s and their tilt angles are interpreted.
Charge-transfer analog memories for radar and ECM systems (1976)

Charge-transfer devices (CTD's) offer new opportunities in analog signal processing since they provide analog memory in integrated circuit form. In this paper the successful application of serial charge-transfer structures to radar and to electronic countermeasure systems is described. The design and operation of a three-pulse, 50 dB clutter-suppression charge-transfer radar moving target indicator (MTI) and the implementation of a charge-transfer memory for radar electronic countermeasures (ECM) are discussed, and experimental results are presented.
Shape-controlled synthesis of β-In2S3nanocrystals and their lithium storage properties (2015)

The ability to control the shape and morphology of inorganic nanocrystals (NCs) is essential to the development of various NC-based functional devices. Here we report the shape-controlled synthesis of β-In2S3 NCs and elucidate how the NC shape and morphology affect their lithium storage properties when used as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Three representative types of β-In2S3 NCs with precisely-controlled morphologies, including one-dimensional (1D) nanotubes, 2D nanosheets, and 3D nanoflowers, are synthesized by a ligand-assisted route under similar reaction conditions. Mild thermal treatment converts the organic ligands attached to the NC surface into a conformal carbon-coating layer while preserving the NC shape, resulting in In2S3/C nanocomposites having similar carbon contents irrespective of their shape. This, combined with identical electrode formulation and test procedures, allows us to probe the influence of shape on the electrochemical performance of In2S3 NCs. Compared with 1D nanotubes and 3D nanoflowers, 2D In2S3 nanosheets exhibit significantly higher capacities and rate capabilities, which is primarily attributed to their unique 2D layered structures.
Minimizing Area-Specific Resistance of Electrochemical Hydrogen Compressor under Various Operating Conditions Using Unsteady 3D Single-Channel Model (2023)

Extensive research has been conducted over the past few decades on carbon-free hydrogen energy. Hydrogen, being an abundant energy source, requires high-pressure compression for storage and transportation due to its low volumetric density. Mechanical and electrochemical compression are two common methods used to compress hydrogen under high pressure. Mechanical compressors can potentially cause contamination due to the lubricating oil when compressing hydrogen, whereas electrochemical hydrogen compressors (EHCs) can produce high-purity, high-pressure hydrogen without any moving parts. A study was conducted using a 3D single-channel EHC model focusing on the water content and area-specific resistance of the membrane under various temperature, relative humidity, and gas diffusion layer (GDL) porosity conditions. Numerical analysis demonstrated that the higher the operating temperature, the higher the water content in the membrane. This is because the saturation vapor pressure increases with higher temperatures. When dry hydrogen is supplied to a sufficiently humidified membrane, the actual water vapor pressure decreases, leading to an increase in the membrane's area-specific resistance. Furthermore, with a low GDL porosity, the viscous resistance increases, hindering the smooth supply of humidified hydrogen to the membrane. Through a transient analysis of an EHC, favorable operating conditions for rapidly hydrating membranes were identified.
Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition assay for the detection of anti‐tumour immunity. II. Monocyte reacts with tumour antigen via cytophilic anti‐tumour antibody (1976)

The peripheral blood monocyte is the reactive cell in the tube LAI assay. The monocyte loses its properties of adherence to glass upon exposure to specific antigen. Two different experiments to determine if lymphocytes, when they reacted with tumour, released mediators that were responsible for inhibiting monocyte glass adherence, gave negative results. The mechanism wherby the specific tumour antigen appeared to be recognized was the binding of cytophilic IgG antitumour antibody to receptors on the cell surface of the monocyte. The results of the experiments indicate that normal peripheral blood monocytes could be made specifically reactive ("armed") to the tumour extract by incubating normal peripheral blood leukocytes with serum from a reactive cancer patient. IgG isolated from "arming" sera was shown to have the capacity to sensitize normal leukocytes. Patients with breast cancer or malignant melanoma with limited tumour burdens had free cytophilic anti-tumour antibody in their serum, whereas the serum of patients with large tumour burdens (metastatic cancer), whose leukocytes did not react in the tube LAI assay, did not "arm".
Teaching security using hands-on exercises (abstract only) (2014)

We see teaching information security through hands-on, interactive exercises as a way to engage students. Some of the exercises that we have tried require significant preparation on the part of the instructor. Having a community makes it easier to share exercises, knowing what works and what problems students and instructors have encountered. The purpose of this BOF is to bring together instructors who have used hands-on exercises and those who would like to. We recognize that few CS programs can afford new required courses, so we would be discussing ways to integrate security-related exercises into existing ones. This could include networking, OS, computer architecture, programming languages, software engineering and algorithms. The questions we will ask are, "What exercises, if any, have you tried" What are your experiences? What are you looking for?
Surface antigenic analysis of rosette-forming cells in rat thymus--using monoclonal antibodies against T cell surface markers. (1991)

We have assumed that rat thymocytes capable of rosette-formation with guinea pig erythrocytes were double positive (CD4+8+) cells. Therefore surface-binding erythrocytes on rosette-forming lymphocytes (RFLs), separated in highly pure state, were eliminated by a hypotonic shock. The surface markers of RFLs, without surface erythrocytes, were analyzed by flow cytometry using two kinds of monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD4, anti-CD8) labelled with different fluorescence materials. About 96.2% of cells in the RFL population were sorted in two areas, into which double positive cells were separated. This result substantiates the assumption mentioned above. It was, furthermore, discussed that the RFLs without surface erythrocytes would be one of the valuable materials for disclosing the mechanisms of differentiation and maturation from double positive thymocytes to single positive ones.
Magnet-Free Nonreciprocal Phase-Shifter Based on Time Modulation (2022)

Recently, nonreciprocal phase shifters have attracted a surge of interest thanks to the advent of nonreciprocal electromagnetic systems, such as nonreciprocal metasurfaces, nonreciprocal-beam antennas, and invisibility cloaks. To overcome the limitations associated with conventional technologies for realizing nonreciprocal phase shifters and gyrators, here we propose a low-noise, lightweight, low-profile, and linear magnetless nonreciprocal phase shifter formed by two temporal loops. The proposed temporal apparatus operates based on the generation of time-harmonic signals and destructive and constructive interferences for the undesired and desired time harmonics, respectively, at different locations of the structure. An external time-harmonic modulation signal injects an effective electronic angular momentum to the system to control the phase and frequency of the two loops. Such a temporal nonreciprocal phase shifter offers low insertion loss, and a large return loss (input matching) of greater than 28.1 dB. Additionally, this nonreciprocal phase shifter possesses a reconfigurable architecture and can be directly embedded in integrated circuit (IC) technology to create high power handling and linear IC-based nonreciprocal phase shifters.
Preprocessing surface EMG data removes voluntary muscle activity and enhances SPiQE fasciculation analysis (2019)

Longitudinal quantification of fasciculations in ALS could provide unique insight into motor neuron health.
When the Left Hand and the Right Hand Cooperate Without Informing their Owner (2006)

A specific instantiation of classical correlation from entangled quantum resources can be established at a distance through the use of local measurements without classical communication. It is thereby possible to, e.g., allow distant entities to randomly combine forces on a course of action which is an element of a predetermined set of possible actions. When this protocol is used, no one knows which action has been chosen. The protocol is intrinsically secure in the same sense as a one-time pad. The entities must have a shared entanglement resource, be able to measure that resource in a predetermined reference frame, and know what they must do to carry out all of the possible actions.
Abstract LB-128: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as driver of cancer immunity (2018)

Abstract The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) has been identified as a driver of cancer progression and cancer immunity in the tryptophan-IDO/TDO-kynurenine-AHR pathway. Over the last 10 years, studies from several laboratories have demonstrated that AHR ligand-mediated immunosuppression is effected, at least in part, through AHR regulation of inflammatory or inhibitory T cell subsets and immune suppressive MDSCs. These results suggest that the AHR is a driver of cancer immunity. To test this hypothesis, we used molecular and pharmacological approaches to regulate AHR activity in multiple murine cancer models and then measured multiple immune phenotypes. The resulting data indicate that a novel, non-toxic AHR inhibitor, HP163 (Hercules Pharmaceuticals), reduces tumor growth in orthotopic models of oral (MOC1), breast (4T1), and skin (B16) cancers in immunocompetent hosts. In the MOC1 model, HP163 significantly reduces the number of CD11b+PD-L1+ or CD11b+CCR2+ cells in the tumor draining lymph node. AHR knockdown in MOC1 cells with CRISPR/Cas9 decreases the percentage of CD11b+PD-L1+ tumor infiltrating cells and increases tumor infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This decrease in cells with an immunosuppressive phenotype is accompanied by a complete lack of orthotopic tumor growth. Furthermore, mice having received AHR- MOC 1 cells are resistant to a second challenge with wildtype AHR+ MOC1 cells several months after the primary inoculation. These data suggest that the presence of the AHR in the tumor itself is sufficient to induce immunosuppression. Preliminary data suggest that AHR+ myeloid cells mediate suppression of tumor immunity. These results collectively suggest that the AHR may be targeted for immunotherapy of several cancers and that HP163 may represent a novel approach to cancer therapy. Citation Format: David Sherr, Jessica Kenison-Whte, Zhongyan Wang. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as driver of cancer immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-128.