gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infections of the Genitourinary System (2016)

Abstract Urinary tract infections are the most common urological disease in the United States. Most genitourinary tract infections are uncomplicated, involving only the urinary bladder. Infections can ascend to the upper urinary tract or be seeded hematogenously, resulting in both uncomplicated and complicated pyelonephritis.
Microresonator-Based Optical Frequency Combs for High-Bitrate WDM Data Transmission (2012)

A nonlinear high-Q SiN microresonator is used as a frequency comb generator for data transmission at 170.8 Gbit/s. The main sources for signal impairment are identified. Further dispersion engineering is crucial for Terabit/s transmission.
Scoped hybrid automatic repeat reQuest with forward error correction (SHARQFEC) (1998)

Reliable multicast protocols scale only as well as their ability to localize traffic. This is true for repair requests, repairs, and the session traffic that enables receivers to suppress extraneous requests and repairs. We propose a new reliable multicast traffic localization technique called Scoped Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest with Forward Error Correction (SHARQFEC). SHARQFEC operates in an end-to-end fashion and localizes traffic using a hierarchy of administratively scoped regions. Session traffic is further reduced through the use of a novel method for indirectly determining the distances between session members. For large sessions, this mechanism reduces the amount of session traffic by several orders of magnitude over non-scoped protocols such as Scalable Reliable Multicast (SRM). Forward Error Correction is selectively added to regions which are experiencing greater loss, thereby reducing the volume of repair traffic and recovery times. Receivers request additional repairs as necessary. Simulations show that SHARQFEC out performs both SRM and non-scoped hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest / Forward Error Correction protocols. Assuming the widespread deployment of administrative scoping, SHARQFEC could conceivably provide scalable reliable delivery to tens of millions of receivers without huge increases in network bandwidth.
Tutorial: SoC Power Management Verification and Testing Issues (2008)

Power consumption has become one of the most important differentiating factors for semiconductor products. Voltage is the strongest handle for managing chip power consumption. We look in detail at some of key power management techniques such as power gating, adaptive voltage scaling and active body-bias that leverage voltage as a handle. We discuss the implications of power management architecture design, partitioning and new challenges in functional validation. The characteristics of new power states in such designs and some techniques used for their validation are examined. We also look at some design techniques to address power issues in testing. We use design examples from mobile baseband and application processor arena to explain these points.
Stability and distributed scheduling algorithms (1985)

Many distributed scheduling algorithms have been developed and reported in the current literature. However, very few of them explicitly treat stability issues. This paper first discusses stability issues for distributed scheduling algorithms in general terms. Two very different distributed scheduling algorithms which contain explicit mechanisms for stability are then presented and evaluated with respect to individual specific stability issues. One of the agorithms is based on stochastic learning automata and the other on bidding. The results indicate how very specific the treatment of stability is to the algorithm and environnent under consideration.
Seaweed Extract and Alginates as Adjuvants with Sethoxydim (1993)

Experiments were conducted in the greenhouse and the field to determine if a seaweed extract and its component alginates could enhance the activity of sethoxydim on barley (five- to six-leaf stage). In greenhouse trials, sethoxydim with 0.5% oil concentrate was applied at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 kg ai/ha; in field trials, sethoxydim with 0.5% oil concentrate was applied at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 kg/ha. In both sets of trials the seaweed extract was applied at a rate of 1 and 2 L/ha, and the alginates were applied at 250 and 500 g/ha. When either the seaweed extract, or the calcium ammonium salt of alginic acid was used as an adjuvant a significant increase in sethoxydim activity was usually observed. At the highest rates of these adjuvants, sethoxydim (0.2 kg/ha) activity increased from 59% control (1321 g/m 2 fresh weight) with only oil concentrate, to 87% control (224 g/m 2 fresh weight) with seaweed extract, or 89% control (184 g/m 2 fresh weight) with the calcium ammonium salt of alginic acid. Sodium salts of alginic acid, both low and medium viscosity, were much less effective.
A Multi-Feed Receiver in the 18 to 26.5 GHz Band for Radio Astronomy (2010)

A large-bandwidth, state-of-the-art multi-feed receiver has been constructed to be used on the new 64 m Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT) (http://www.srt.inaf.itl), an antenna aiming to work from 300 MHz to 100 GHz with an almost continuous frequency coverage. The goal of this new receiver is to speed up the survey of the sky with high sensitivity in a frequency band that is very interesting to radio astronomers. In the meantime, the antenna erection has been finalized, and the receiver has been mounted on the Medicina 32 m antenna to be tested (http://www.med.ira.inaf.itl). We present a complete description of the system, including a dedicated backend, and the results of the tests.
Local Ecological Factors, Ultrafine Particulate Concentrations, and Asthma Prevalence Rates in Buffalo, New York, Neighborhoods (2005)

Previous to this study various healthcare utilization studies and house-to-house surveys had shown that Buffalo's west side had a high utilization rate for asthma and high asthma prevalence in comparison with neighboring communities. The relative contributions of traffic-related pollution and personal and local ecological factors to the high asthma rates were still unknown. To investigate the potential roles of personal home environmental factors and local ecological factors in variations of asthma prevalence in Buffalo neighborhoods, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of a systematic random sample of 2000 households in the city of Buffalo, New York, with a response rate of 80.4%. We found that the odds of having at least one person with asthma per household on Buffalo's west side was 2.57 times [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.85-3.57] that of Buffalo's east side. There were no statistically significant differences in the odds of finding at least one person with asthma in households of other Buffalo neighborhoods. We further found no difference in the odds of having asthma on Buffalo's west side even after correcting for race/ethnicity, household triggers of asthma, and socioeconomic factors. Monitoring ultrafine particulates showed increased levels in communities downwind of the Peace Bridge Complex and major roadways supplying it. A multiple-regression model showed that asthma prevalence may be influenced by humidity and ultrafine particulate concentrations. These results suggest that increased asthma risk may be influenced by chronic exposure to personal and local ecological factors.
The CC-NB-LRR-Type Rdg2a Resistance Gene Confers Immunity to the Seed-Borne Barley Leaf Stripe Pathogen in the Absence of Hypersensitive Cell Death (2010)

This work reports about the cloning of a resistance gene effective against a seed borne disease. We observed that Rdg2a was subjected to diversifying selection which is consistent with a model in which the R gene co-evolves with a pathogen effector(s) gene. We propose that inducible responses giving rise to physical and chemical barriers to infection in the cell walls and intercellular spaces of the barley embryo tissues represent mechanisms by which the CC-NB-LRR-encoding Rdg2a gene mediates resistance to leaf stripe in the absence of hypersensitive cell death.
An Attack Scenarios Creation Method Based on Causality Correlation (2009)

An attack scenarios creation method based on causality correlation was proposed in this paper.Take advantage of that causality correlation can detect new attack scenario,the method correlate defined Hyper-alert types and get all the attack scenarios that may have actual sense.The result of experiment indicates that this method was effective to create attack scenarios.
Figure S4 from Medium-throughput Drug Screening of Patient-derived Organoids from Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases to Direct Personalized Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Peritonoid sensitivity to standard care chemotherapeutic regimens ex vivo.&lt;/p&gt;
Features of the course of diabetes mellitus in the outcome of total pancreatectomy. Clinical case (2022)

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Studies on vitamin B6 metabolism in microorganisms. XIII. Separation and characterization of glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in Escherichia coli B. (1978)

Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in vitamin B6 biosynthesis, was partially purified from the wild type strain of Escherichia coli B. The enzyme was separated into three fractions (glycolaldehyde dehydrogenases A, B and C) by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The enzymes B and C, which were eluted by 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer plus 0.1M NaCl and by that plus 0.2M NaCl, respectively, lacked in the cell-free extract of a pyridoxine auxotrophic strain, E. coli B WG3. The enzyme A, which was eluted by 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer has a broad specificity for substrate. On the other hand, the enzyme B or C is relatively specific to glycolaldehyde. The enzymes A, B and C could be defined as isozymes with enzymatic characterization.
N-Way Distributed Doherty Amplifier with an Extended Efficiency Range (2007)

This paper presents a novel 3-way distributed Doherty power amplifier with an extended efficiency range for WCDMA repeater or base-station applications. This distributed Doherty amplifier consists of one main amplifier and two peaking amplifiers. In order to get high efficiency at a high back-off power, the peaking amplifier structure is based on the dual-fed distributed amplifier form. The 2140 MHz measured results of the 3-way distributed Doherty amplifier yielded 11 dB power gain, with 39.5 % power added efficiency (PAE) at 9.5 dB backoff power. High linearity performance of -54 dBc ACPR is achieved after using memory compensated digital predistortion.
A functional enhancement methodology to JTAG controller in complex SOC (2009)

Based on one complex SOC chip, one functional enhancement methodology to standard IEEE P1149.1 JTAG controller is proposed in this paper. With the enhanced features, all test functions including stuck-at scan, at-speed scan, memory BIST and high-speed physical layer tests can be controlled by the JTAG controller besides traditional boundary scan tests, and further on-chip debug features are also integrated in this enhanced JTAG controller. Therefore, the chip costs can be reduced, and the software development and debug can be facilitated with the enhanced JTAG controller.
Traffic modelling and bandwidth allocation algorithm for video telephony service traffic (2009)

In this paper, we analyze the stochastic characteristics of themeasured video telephony service traffic and propose amathematical model of the video telephony service traffic based onthe analyzed stochastic characteristics. From our analysis, avoice traffic can be modelled by a renewal process withdeterministic inter-arrival times and fixed packet size. On theother hand, a video traffic is modelled by an on and off source,where on and off periods are according to gamma distributions withrespective parameters. Using the mathematical model, we estimatethe required bandwidth to satisfy a given Quality of Service (QoS)requirement for the video telephony service traffic. To show thevalidity of our analysis, numerical studies with the NS-2simulator are provided.
2-V-operation /spl delta/-doped power HEMT's for personal handy-phone systems (1997)

A high-efficiency and high-power-density /spl delta/-doped AlGaAs/InGaAs HEMT with low adjacent channel leakage has been developed for the digital wireless personal handy-phone system (PHS). When qualified by 1.9-GHz /spl pi//4-shifted quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulated PHS standard signals, the 2.0-V-operation HEMT with a 1-mm gate width demonstrated a power-added efficiency of 45.3% and an output power density of 105 mW/mm. This is the highest power density ever reported by power transistors for the PHS. State-of-the-art results for the PHS operating at 2.0 V were achieved by the S-doped power HEMT for the first time.
Inhomogeneous Rolling Texture of Multilayered Aluminum Sheet (1995)

An inhomogeneous rolling texture of high purity aluminum has been observed by a multilayered rolling. The shear texture of (100)[110] component developed in the surface layer, and the copper type rolling texture developed in the middle and center layers. The through-thickness texture variation has been calculated by the full-constraint Taylor model combined with FEM. The calculated results are in good agreement with the measured data.
Defined sequence segments of the small heat shock proteins HSP25 and αB‐crystallin inhibit actin polymerization (2001)

The interaction of small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) with the actin cytoskeleton has been described and some members of this family, e.g. chicken and murine HSP25 (HSP27), inhibit the polymerization of actin in vitro. To analyse the molecular basis of this interaction, we synthesized a set of overlapping peptides covering the complete sequence of murine HSP25 and tested the effect of these peptides on actin polymerization in vitro by fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Two peptides comprising the sequences W43 to R57 (peptide 6) and I92 to N106 (peptide 11) of HSP25 were found to be potent inhibitors of actin polymerization. Phosphorylation of N-terminally extended peptide 11 at serine residues known to be phosphorylated in vivo resulted in decline of their inhibitory activity. Interestingly, peptides derived from the homologous peptide 11 sequence of murine alphaB-crystallin showed the same behaviour. The results suggest that both HSP25 and alphaB-crystallin have the potential to inhibit actin polymerization and that this activity is regulated by phosphorylation.
Interactions between plant‐beneficial microorganisms in a consortium: Streptomyces microflavus and Trichoderma harzianum (2023)

The construction of microbial consortia is challenging due to many variables to be controlled, including the cross-compatibility of the selected strains and their additive or synergistic effects on plants. In this work, we investigated the interactions in vitro, in planta, and at the molecular level of two elite biological control agents (BCAs), that is Streptomyces microflavus strain AtB-42 and Trichoderma harzianum strain M10, to understand their attitude to cooperate in a consortium. In vitro, we observed a strong cross-antagonism between AtB-42 and M10 in agar plates due to diffusible metabolites and volatile organic compounds. In liquid co-cultures, M10 hindered the growth of AtB-42 very likely because of secondary metabolites and strong competition for the nutrients. The interaction in the co-culture induced extensive transcriptional reprogramming in both strains, especially in the pathways related to ribosomes, protein synthesis, and oxidoreductase activity, suggesting that each strain recognized the counterpart and activated its defence responses. The metabolome of both strains was also significantly affected. In contrast, in the soil, M10 growth was partially contrasted by AtB-42. The roots of tomato seedlings inoculated with the consortium appeared smaller than the control and single-strain-inoculated plants, indicating that plants diverted some energy from the development to defence activation, as evidenced by the leaf transcriptome. The consortium induced a stronger transcriptional change compared to the single inoculants, as demonstrated by a higher number of differentially expressed genes. Although the cross-antagonism observed in vitro, the two strains exerted a synergistic effect on tomato seedlings by inducing resistance responses stronger than the single inoculants. Our observations pose a question on the usefulness of the sole in vitro assays for selecting BCAs to construct a consortium. In vivo experiments should be preferred, and transcriptomics may greatly help to elucidate the activity of the BCAs beyond the phenotypic effects on the plant.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Proinflammatory Macrophage Activation by the Polysialic Acid-Siglec-16 Axis Is Linked to Increased Survival of Patients with Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antibody array detection of cytokines and chemokines&lt;/p&gt;
Threshold voltage model for deep-submicrometer MOSFETs (1993)

The threshold voltage, V/sub th/, of lightly doped drain (LDD) and non-LDD MOSFETs with effective channel lengths down to the deep-submicrometer range has been investigated. Experimental data show that in the very-short-channel-length range, the previously reported exponential dependence on channel length and the linear dependence on drain voltage no longer hold true. A simple quasi-two-dimensional model is used, taking into account the effects of gate oxide thickness, source/drain junction depth, and channel doping, to describe the accelerated V/sub th/ on channel length due to their lower drain-substrate junction built-in potentials. LDD devices also show less V/sub th/ dependence on drain voltage because the LDD region reduces the effective drain voltage. Based on consideration of the short-channel effects, the minimum acceptable length is determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The development and evaluation of a conducting matrix for the electrochemical regeneration of the immobilised co-factor NAD(H) under continuous flow (2010)

Through the preparation of a novel controlled pore glass-poly(pyrrole) material we have developed a conducting support that is not only suitable for the co-immobilisation of enzymes and co-factors, but also enables the facile electrochemical regeneration of the co-factor during a reaction. Employing the selective reduction of (rac)-2-phenylpropionaldehyde to (S)-phenyl-1-propanol as a model, we have demonstrated the successful co-immobilisation of the HLADH enzyme and co-factor NAD(H); with incorporation of the material into a continuous flow reactor facilitating the in situ electrochemical regeneration of NAD(H) for in excess of 100 h. Using this approach we have developed a reagent-less, atom efficient system applicable to the cost-effective, continuous biosynthesis of chiral compounds.
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium conformations in liquid crystalline polymers: a neutron scattering approach (2002)

Purpose designed instrumentation has allowed time-resolved X-ray diffraction at the Daresbury Laboratory Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS) and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) to be used to characterize changes in molecular conformation and organization in response to mechanical stress over a range of temperatures in a variety of polymer materials. The high brilliance of the synchrotron sources has allowed small (SAXS) and wide (WAXS) angle diffraction patterns to be recorded with time-resolutions as short as 40 msecs. Instrumentation has been developed which allows SAXS, WAXS and a video image of the specimen to be recorded simultaneously allowing determination of the strain at the point from where the X-ray diffraction data was recorded. Novel analytical techniques have been developed which have allowed distinct relaxation modes to be distinguished from WAXS data recorded during and subsequent to deformation of films of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Simultaneous SAXS and WAXS data recorded from a variety of grades of polyethylene have allowed changes in polymer conformation in response to mechanical stress to be related to changes in polymer organization. A novel micro-stretching device capable of recording stress/strain data has been used at the microfocus beamline ID13 at the ESRF with beam dimensions as small as a few microns to relate changes in mechanical properties of struts from polyurethane foams to structural transitions characterized in simultaneously recorded X-ray diffraction.
Leveraging Bismuth Immiscibility to Create Highly Concave Noble Metal Nanoparticles (2023)

The nanoscale integration of metals with differences in structure and electronics, while important for manipulating surface adsorption, does not typically yield structures with well-defined morphologies in colloidal synthesis. To create structures with unusually undercoordinated surfaces, we leverage the immiscibility of face-centered cubic noble metals with rhombohedral Bi to synthesize well-defined nanostructures with controllable concavity. With Au, three distinct morphologies can be achieved: concave tetrahedra, stella octangula (dual tetrahedron), and concave stella octangula. With Pd, we synthesize concave tetrahedra. Structural and compositional analysis shows that only ~ 6 x10 -6 moles of surface Bi are needed to realize these morphologies. Electrocatalytic experiments and simulations reveal that the concave Au architectures are highly active toward alcohol oxidation compared to non-Bi-directed concave nanoparticles and that surface Bi is critical for adsorption. This integration of immiscible elements provides a powerful strategy for creating highly active nanoparticles with precision.
Factors Related with Suicidality in High-School Students : Focused on Perceived Academic Performance (2011)

Objectives : This study investigated factors related to suicide in high school students and focused on perceived academic performance. Methods : We surveyed 293 grade 10 high-school students in Jeju and Gyeonggi provinces and gave them self-assessment questionnaires. To evaluate the suicide risk, the questionnaire included questions about suicidal thoughts, plans, threats, deliberate self-injury, and suicide attempts from the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI). Also, it included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Locus of Control Scale (LOC), Rosenberg`s Self Esteem Scale (RSE) and Perceived Academic Performance (PAP) to identify factors related to suicide in high school students. Results : Depression, hopelessness, and low self-esteem were related with suicidal thoughts, plans, attempts, and severe suicidal ideation (SSI score16). In the multivariate analysis, a low level of PAP (OR
Imaging and manipulation of nanometer-size liquid droplets by scanning polarization force microscopy (1996)

Using atomic force microscopy in noncontact mode, we have imaged nanometer-size liquid droplets of KOH water solutions on the surfaces of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and mica. On graphite the droplets prefer to be adsorbed on atomic step edges. Droplets on the same step tend to be evenly spaced and of similar size. The droplets can be manipulated by the atomic force microscopy tip allowing the controllable formation of droplet patterns on the surface.