gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A reanalysis of phospholipid fatty acids as ecological biomarkers for methanotrophic bacteria (2009)

Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MB) are the primary terrestrial sinks for the greenhouse gas methane. A distinct characteristic of MB is the presence of specific phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFA) in their membranes that differentiate them from each other and also from all other organisms. These distinct PLFA patterns facilitate microbial ecology studies. For example, the assimilation of C from methane into PLFA can be traced in environmental samples using stable isotope ((13)C) probing (SIP), which links the activity of MB to their community composition in situ. However, the phylogenetic resolution of this method is low because of a lack of PLFA profiles from cultured MB species. In this study, PLFA profiles of 22 alphaproteobacterial (type II) MB were analysed after growth on methane, methanol or both substrates together. Growth on different substrates did not affect the PLFA profiles of the investigated strains. A number of Methylocystis strains contained novel C18:2 fatty acids (omega 7c,12c and omega 6c,12c) that can be used as diagnostic biomarkers. The detection of these novel PLFA, combined with the analyses of multiple type II strains, increased the phylogenetic resolution of PLFA analysis substantially. Multivariate analysis of the expanded MB PLFA database identified species groups that closely reflected phylogenies based on 16S rRNA and pmoA gene sequences. The PLFA database therefore provides a robust framework for linking identity to activity in MB communities with a higher resolution than was previously possible.
Solid Separation from a Mixed Suspension through Electric‐Field‐Enhanced Crystallization (2016)

Abstract When applied to a pure component suspension in an apolar solvent, a strong inhomogeneous electric field induces particle movement, and the particles are collected at the surface of one of the two electrodes. This new phenomenon was used to separately isolate two organic crystalline compounds, phenazine and caffeine, from their suspension in 1,4‐dioxane. First, crystals of both compounds were collected at different electrodes under the influence of an electric field. Subsequent cooling crystallization enabled the immobilization and growth of the particles on the electrodes, which were separately collected after the experiment with purities greater than 91 %. This method can be further developed into a technique for crystal separation and recovery in complex multicomponent suspensions of industrial processes.
Introduction (2005)

By far the most challenging aspect of a photoreal actor is the creation of a digital face that can stand up to close scrutiny. The human face is an extremely complex biomechanical system that is very difficult to model. Human skin has unique reflectance properties that are challenging to simulate accurately. Moreover the face can convey subtle emotions through minute motions. We do not know the control mechanism of these motions. All these issues combine to make the human face one of the most challenging object to model using computer graphics.
Silicon Carbonitride Films Produced by Remote Hydrogen Microwave Plasma CVD Using a (Dimethylamino)dimethylsilane Precursor (2005)

Amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbonitride (a-Si:C:N:H) films were produced by remote microwave hydrogen plasma CVD (RP-CVD) using (dimethylamino)dimethylsilane as a single-source precursor. The reactivity of the precursor with atomic hydrogen was characterized using (dimethylamino)trimethylsilane as a model compound. The effects of the substrate temperature (TS) on the kinetics of the RP-CVD process, and the chemical composition and structure of the resulting film, have been investigated. The temperature dependencies of the mass- and thickness-based film growth rates imply that, for a low substrate temperature range (TS = 30–100 °C), film growth is limited by desorption of film-forming precursors, whereas in a high substrate temperature range (TS = 100–400 °C) film growth is independent of the temperature, and the rate of RP-CVD is mass-transport limited. The increase of the substrate temperature from 30 °C to 400 °C causes the elimination of organic moieties from the film and the formation of a Si–N and Si–C network structure. The films produced at TS = 300 °C were found to be dense materials exhibiting excellent morphological homogeneity, high hardness, and an extremely low friction coefficient. In view of these properties, a-Si:C:N:H films produced by RP-CVD seem to be promising coatings for tribological use.
Role of the 30S ribosomal subunit, initiation factors, and specific ion concentration in barotolerant protein synthesis in Pseudomonas bathycetes (1977)

Washed (1 M NH4Cl) ribosomes from Pseudomonas bathycetes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Escherichia coli were tested for their ability to synthesize protein or polypeptide at high pressure when used as such, when recombined with homologous initiation factors, and when recombined with heterologous initiation factors. The responses of natural messenger ribonucleic acid (MS-2)-directed systems to pressure were independent of the source of initiation factors and paralleled those of the washed ribosomes in polyuridylate-directed systems. In all cases, the responses to pressure were parallel to those obtained when unwashed ribosomes were utilized; therefore, we concluded that the initiation factors were interchangeable among these organisms, and that these factors did not play a critical role in determining the pressure responses of the protein-synthesizing systems. P. bathycetes ribosomal subunits were isolated under a variety of ionic conditions. These were tested for their ability to synthesize protein and polyphenylalanine at a variety of pressures when used in reconstituted P. bathycetes homologous systems and in hybrid systems with ribosomal subunits from E. coli and P. fluorescens. O. bathycetes 30S subunits, isolated in a buffer solution containing 0 mM NaCl and O mM KC] were functional at any pressure; those isolated in the presence of 150 mM NaCl and 0 mM KCl were functional at 1 atmosphere but barosensitive, and those isolated in the presence of O mM NaCl and 150 mM KCl retained the ion-mediated barotolerance characteristic of crude P. bathycetes ribosome preparations. The 50S subunit remained functional regardless of the method of isolation, and it had no effect on pressure sensitivity.
Practical cone-beam algorithm (1984)

A convolution-backprojection formula is deduced for direct reconstruction of a three-dimensional density function from a set of two-dimensional projections. The formula is approximate but has useful properties, including errors that are relatively small in many practical instances and a form that leads to convenient computation. It reduces to the standard fan-beam formula in the plane that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation and contains the point source. The algorithm is applied to a mathematical phantom as an example of its performance. 1.
Rayleigh wave dispersion on vertically laminated composite surfaces (1992)

Experiments and calculations on Rayleigh wave dispersion in microstructured materials are reported. The microstructure takes the unusual form of vertical laminations at the wave propagation surface. The measurements have been performed by exploiting the phase matching condition for resonant mode conversion of acoustic waves to Rayleigh surface waves on a fluid-loaded half-space. The dispersive Rayleigh wave speed is found to approach the simple mixture value at low frequency and the velocity of the slower of the two media at high frequency. The experiments have been modeled with a continuum mixture approach, where the spatial dependence of the field variables in the plane of the wave propagation surface, but normal to the lamina interfaces and the sound wave vector, has been approximated by averaging these variables across the lamina thickness. This procedure results in additional frequency-dependent terms in the wave equation and corresponds to a substitution for the microstructured composite by a higher-order continuum that retains the dispersive nature of the original material system. Experiments have been performed over more than a decade in frequency. The results of the calculation show rather good agreement with the data over nearly all of its range, confirming the validity of the approximation for this case.
Intelligent networking-the winning edge for personal communications services (2002)

With a single bold stroke, the FCC has forwarded the concept of wireless consumer services and simultaneously intensified competition among service providers. That stroke was the licensing of spectrum for personal communication services (PCS). New entrants and incumbent cellular providers face the challenge of reinventing wireless services and the infrastructure to deliver them widely and inexpensively. The paper explores the power of intelligent network concepts to meet that challenge.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Total Synthesis, Stereochemical Reassignment, and Biological Evaluation of (−)‐Lyngbyaloside B (2014)

(-)-Lyngbyaloside B is a 14-membered macrolide glycoside isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. as a cytotoxic substance by Moore and co-workers. The first total synthesis of (-)-lyngbyaloside B and the reassignment of its stereostructure is described. The synthesis features an Abiko-Masamune aldol reaction, a vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction, and a macrocyclization involving an acyl ketene intermediate for the construction of the macrocyclic backbone, which contains an acylated tertiary alcohol. The antiproliferative activity of selected compounds against a small panel of human cancer cell lines is also reported.
Spatial clustering of sound speed distributions (2023)

It is increasingly important to our understanding of the effects of climate change on our oceans that we can model sound propagation in the future environments that are being predicted. This brings conflicting demands to increase the fidelity of sound propagation models, to account for a greater number of dynamic ocean properties, and their efficiency, in particular, to account for the spatial and temporal distribution of sound speed data. In this paper, different spatial clustering methods are developed to group similar sound speed data into a small number of clusters based on acoustically relevant properties of the sound speed structure. The clusters then represent the sound speed distribution, derived from thousands of individual sound speed profiles, with a small number of effective sound speed profiles which have similar properties. This is illustrated on data for the Norwegian Sea where the performance of each method is evaluated, using measures of the separation between clusters, and by comparing sound speed predictions using profiles sampled from each cluster and using the effective sound speed profile. We show that spatial clustering is an effective tool for reducing the number of sound speed profiles that are needed to represent their spatial distribution.
Inhibition of Viral Glycoprotein Transport in MDCK Cells (1982)

Our laboratory has been investigating the cellular pathways involved in the transport of viral giycoproteins to distinct membrane domains in the MDCK line of canine kidney cells. These cells form junctional complexes which divide the plasma membrane into two domains: the apical surface from which influenza (Figs, la &amp; lb) and parainfluenza viruses bud and the basolateral membrane where assembly of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (Figs. 2a &amp; 2b) and retroviruses take place. Our previous results on virusinfected MDCK cells include the following: (1) Although the site of virus maturation is probably determined by the site of membrane insertion of viral giycoproteins, the information for the directional transport of giycoproteins resides in the polypeptide backbone, and not in the carbohydrate portion, since polarized maturation is maintained even under conditions where glycosylation is completely blocked by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis. (2) In doubly-infected cells, polarized maturation of viruses at opposite membranes is observed, indicating that the sorting mechanisms responsible for directing the giycoproteins of VSV and influenza virus to separate surface domains continue to operate. (3) No correlation can be made between the viral maturation site and the presence or absence of sialic acid in viral giycoproteins, since influenza C virions, which contain sialic acid, bud at the apical surface like influenza A virus, which lacks this terminal sugar.
Uniaxially Strained SGOI and SSOI Channels for High Performance Multi-Gate CMOS (2008)

An appropriate merging of mobility enhancement technologies with multi-gate device structures has been strongly required for future high performance and low power CMOS. In this paper, we review our recent results concerning multi-gate CMOS with uniaxially strained SOI channels for nFETs and SGOI channels for pFETs. It is shown that those channels are quite effective to increase mobility. It is also suggested that the optimum multi-gate CMOS structures with enhanced mobilities of both electrons and holes can be realized on a conventional (001) substrate in the same &lt;110&gt; current flow direction for n and pFETs.
Highly stereoselective total synthesis of tylonolide, the aglycon of the 16-membered macrolide antibiotic tylosin. I. Construction of the C-1-C-8 chiral centers. (1987)

In order to synthesize tylonolide, the aglycon of the 16-membered macrolide antibiotic tylosin, a Prelog-Djerassi lactone-type compound (4) corresponding to the C-1-C-9 segment was synthesized from D-glucose. Benzyl-type protecting groups for hydroxy functions, such as benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, and 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl groups, as well as some cyclic and acyclic stereocontrolled reactions, such as hydroboration, catalytic hydrogenation, and Grignard reaction, were successfully employed.
Language-Independent Approach for Automatic Computation of Vowel Articulation Features in Dysarthric Speech Assessment (2021)

Imprecise vowel articulation can be observed in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Acoustic features measuring vowel articulation have been demonstrated to be effective indicators of PD in its assessment. Standard clinical vowel articulation features of vowel working space area (VSA), vowel articulation index (VAI) and formants centralization ratio (FCR), are derived the first two formants of the three corner vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/. Conventionally, manual annotation of the corner vowels from speech data is required before measuring vowel articulation. This process is time-consuming. The present work aims to reduce human effort in clinical analysis of PD speech by proposing an automatic pipeline for vowel articulation assessment. The method is based on automatic corner vowel detection using a language universal phoneme recognizer, followed by statistical analysis of the formant data. The approach removes the restrictions of prior knowledge of speaking content and the language in question. Experimental results on a Finnish PD speech corpus demonstrate the efficacy and reliability of the proposed automatic method in deriving VAI, VSA, FCR and F2i/F2u (the second formant ratio for vowels /i/ and /u/). The automatically computed parameters are shown to be highly correlated with features computed with manual annotations of corner vowels. In addition, automatically and manually computed vowel articulation features have comparable correlations with experts' ratings on speech intelligibility, voice impairment and overall severity of communication disorder. Language-independence of the proposed approach is further validated on a Spanish PD database, PC-GITA, as well as on TORGO corpus of English dysarthric speech.
Kinetic analysis of reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations: Conditions for inhibition, retardation, and optimum living polymerization (2002)

Careful simulations of conversion vs. time plots and full molecular weight distributions have been performed using the PREDICI(R) program package in conjunction with the kinetic scheme suggested by the CSIRO group for the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process to probe RAFT agent mediated polymerizations. In particular, conditions leading to inhibition and rate retardation have been examined to act as a guide to optimum living polymerization behavior. It is demonstrated that an inhibition period of considerable length is induced by either slow fragmentation of the intermediate RAFT radicals appearing in the pre-equilibrium or by slow re-initiation of the leaving group radical of the initial RAFT agent. The absolute values of the rate coefficients governing the core equilibrium of the RAFT process - at a fixed value of the equilibrium constant - are confirmed to be crucial in controlling the polydispersity of the resulting molecular weight distributions. A higher interchange frequency effects narrower distributions. It is further demonstrated that the size of the rate coefficient controlling the addition reaction of propagating radicals to polyRAFT agen, k(beta), is mainly responsible for optimizing the control of the polymerization. The fragmentation rate coefficient k(-beta), of the macroRAFT intermediate radical, on the other hand, may be varied over orders of magnitude without affecting the amount of control exerted over the polymerization. On the basis of the basic RAFT mechanism, its value mainly governs the extent of rate retardation in RAFT polymerizations.
Assessing a Synergistic Use of Alternate Broadband Delivery Models in Rural Areas (2022)

Access to broadband services is an important component in fostering the overall development of communities. However, some rural communities lack access to such services. To bridge this gap, various rural areas have adopted different kinds of alternate connectivity models. Such models attempt to mitigate the effect of the access gap on Internet-challenged rural areas. This work explores the synergistic use of such models by creating a theoretical framework for analyzing its benefits in predictable scenarios. More specifically, this work investigates a method of routing time-dependent data in quasi-deterministic delay tolerant networks that co-exist with communal access points within challenged rural environments. We formulate the problem as a maximum unsplittable multicommodity flow problem and propose an approximation algorithm that performs close to optimal.
Membrane phosphorylation: a crucial role in the action of insulin, EGF, and pp60src? (1981)

Research Article| January 01 1981 Membrane phosphorylation: a crucial role in the action of insulin, EGF, and pp60src? Miles D. Houslay Miles D. Houslay 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biosci Rep (1981) 1 (1): 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115146 Article history Received: December 04 1980 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Miles D. Houslay; Membrane phosphorylation: a crucial role in the action of insulin, EGF, and pp60src?. Biosci Rep 1 January 1981; 1 (1): 19–34. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115146 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 The Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Copper Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargylation of Aldehydes (2010)

The highly enantio- and regioselective copper catalyzed asymmetric propargylation of aldehydes with a propargyl borolane reagent is reported. The methodology demonstrated broad functional group tolerance and provided high enantioselectivities for aliphatic, vinyl, and aryl aldehydes. The utility of the TMS homopropargylic alcohols was demonstrated by the facile conversion to a chiral dihydropyranone.
Automatic identification of fingerprint regions for quick and reliable location estimation (2010)

One of the drawbacks of location fingerprinting systems is the effort that is necessary to set up and update the fingerprint database. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to significantly reduce this effort. We split the area of operation into a grid of quadratic cells and then combine these cells into larger regions of similar signal properties using a clustering algorithm and a novel similarity measure. Thus, less training data is required, and it can be collected in a more efficient way: We move through the area of operation on predefined trajectories and interpolate the approximate position for each measurement. In addition, by storing only one fingerprint for each region, we reduce the computational requirements of the location fingerprinting algorithm considerably. Since the radio measurements are quite similar in such a region, it is hard to estimate the exact location within the region; thus we do not lose much accuracy by clustering. An evaluation of our approach shows that it achieves an accuracy that is sufficient for most location-based services and at the same time reduces the effort for the collection of the training data to a mere walk of the area of operation.
Alkaline phosphatase measurements of paired normal and osteosarcoma tissue culture lines obtained from the same patient. (1979)

Markedly different levels of alkaline phosphatase production have been found in paired osteosarcoma cells and normal skin fibroblasts grown in tissue culture from 12 patients with osteosarcoma. In all cases, the osteosarcoma line contains significantly more alkaline phosphatase than does the paired normal line from that same patient. These criteria may be useful in distinguishing osteosarcoma from normal fibroblast overgrowth in tissue culture.
Optical-wavelength switching using distributed-feedback laser diodes (1988)

An optical-wavelength converter with tunability greater than 5 AA has been demonstrated using a multielectrode distributed-feedback laser diode (DFB LD) with a saturable absorber. The buried heterostructure GaInAsP/InP LD with first-order grating was fabricated using a MOVPE/LPE (metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy/liquid-phase epitaxy) hybrid growth method. The p-type electrode was divided into three 100- mu m sections, which can be excited independently through the electrodes. The device emits coherent light only when light input is injected into the saturable absorber, and output wavelength is continuously tuned by the driving currents. This device has high optical gain (input power approximately 330 mu W and output power approximately 1 mW) and can operate at up to 500 MHz. A narrowband optical filter was constructed using the DFB LD amplifier. The DFB LD amplifier selectively amplifies one optical frequency, which can be changed by changing the LD bias current. Extinction ratios greater than 15 dB were obtained for the two optical inputs with a 9.8-GHz frequency difference. The use of the device for optical wavelength-division switching was investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Alzheimer's Disease (2012)

We report a significant association between low IGF-I and IGFBP-3 serum levels and AD in men, but not in women.