gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multi-view and Multi-interaction System for Digital-mock up’s collaborative environment (2015)

The current industrial PLM tool generally relies on Concurrent Engineering (CE), which involves conducting product design and manufacturing stages in parallel and integrating technical data for sharing among different experts in parallel. Various experts use domain-specific software to produce various data. This package of data is usually called Digital mock-up (DMU), as well as Building Information Model (BIM) in architectural engineering. For sharing the DMU data, many works have been done to improve the interoperability among the engineering software and among the models in domains of mechanical design and eco-design. However, the computer-human interaction (CHI) currently used in the context of CE project reviews is not optimized to enhance the interoperability among various experts of different domains. Here the CHI concerns both complex DMU visualization and multi-users interaction.Since the DMU has its multiple representations according to involved domains, therefore when various experts need to work together on the DMU they may prefer their own point-of-view on the DMU and proper manner to interact with the DMU.With the development of 3D visualization and virtual reality CHI technology, it is possible to devise more intuitive tools and methods to enhance the interoperability of collaboration among experts both in multi-view and multi-interaction for co-located synchronous collaborative design activities.In this paper, we discuss the different approaches of displaying multiple point-of-views of DMU and multiple interactions with DMU in the context of 3D visualization, virtual reality and augmented reality. A co-located collaborative environment of CHI supporting system is proposed. This collaborative environment allows the experts to see respectively the multiple point-of-view of the DMU in front of a unique display system and to interact with the DMU in using different metaphors according to their specific needs. This could be used to assist collaborative design during project review where some decision on product design solution should be made.
Bone Marrow Stem Cells (2013)

The "mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)" are cells adherent in the bone marrow, which can be isolated to induce differentiation. In contrast to the "embryonic stem cells" whose goal is to develop a new organism, the "MSC adult stem cells" can participate in tissue growth and repair throughout postnatal life. Addition of 5-azacytidine to MSCs in vitro induces the gradual increase in cellular size and begins spontaneous beatings, thereafter differentiating into cardiomyocytes. The "Methods" and "Protocols" to induce structural and functional maturations of MSCs, thus to achieve "Cellular Cardiomyoplasty," are described. With appropriate media, differentiations of MSCs to various kinds of cells such as chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes are also achievable.
BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY FOR RECURRENT HEAD AND NECK MALIGNANCIES (2005)

ホウ素中性子捕捉療法（Boron neutron capture therapy: BNCT）は，10Bを予め腫瘍に集積させ，中性子線照射で発生する粒子線を利用して腫瘍選択的に破壊する治療法である。我々はこの治療法を再発頭頸部悪性腫瘍患者に対し，2001年より世界に先駆けて開始した。対象は扁平上皮癌6例，唾液腺癌3例，肉腫2例の計11例であった。その結果，腫瘍縮小率は，CR：2例，90%以上：5例，73%，54%，PD：1例，NE：1例で，奏功率82%。QOL改善は，潰瘍消失と皮膚再生，PSの改善による仕事復帰，疼痛・開口障害・呼吸苦の改善，生存期間延長などであった。11例中7例（4例：遠隔）に転移を認めた進展例だったが，治療後の生存期間は，1-38ヶ月で平均8.5ヶ月，生存率は36%（4例生存中）であった。副作用は，口内炎，全身倦怠感，脱毛などで軽度だった。進展再発頭頸部悪性腫瘍に対しBNCTを実施し，その有効性を確認した。
Highly Sensitive PCR Assay for Routine Diagnosis of African Swine Fever Virus in Clinical Samples (2003)

This work provides a novel, highly sensitive, hot start PCR method for rapid and specific detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) that can be used as a routine diagnostic test for ASFV in surveillance, control, and eradication programs. A confirmatory test of the specificity of this method based on restriction endonuclease analysis was also developed.
Stability Analysis and Optimization of Dual Active Bridge Converter with LC Input Filter (2019)

The dual active bridge (DAB) converter has been widely applied in energy storage systems because of the high-power density, galvanic isolation and soft switching properties. However, the interaction between the DAB converter and its LC input filter may cause unstable problems. To address this stability issue, the full-order impedance model of the DAB converter is firstly developed based on generalized state-space averaging method. The developed impedance model can be used to accurately predict the stability of the DAB converter with its LC input filter. Based on the developed model, the effects of the LC filter on the system stability are revealed. Furthermore, the stability-oriented filter design guideline is provided. The optimized filter parameters can improve the stability of the system. Finally, the impedance model and stability analysis are validated by the comprehensive simulation and experimental results.
Vision and Art: The Biology of Seeing (2002)

his foreword to Harvard neurobiologist Margaret Livingstone's groundbreaking Vision and Art, Nobel prize-winner David Hubel expresses the hope that, In the future, visual neurobiology will enhance art in much the same way as a knowledge of bones and muscles has for centuries enhanced the ability of artists to portray the human body. The future begins with this book, which demonstrates that how we see art depends ultimately on the cells in our eyes and our brains. Livingstone offers a comprehensive account of the biology of vision, drawing on the history of science and her own cutting-edge discoveries. She explains lucidly how the eye and brain translate different wavelengths of light into the colors and forms of the world around us. She then turns to art and explains the science underlying various phenomena in painting, using many examples-from the mystery of the allure of the Mona Lisa to the amazing atmospheric effects of the Impressionists-to illustrate her points. Her book will arm artists with new techniques that they can use in their own craft and thrill any reader with an interest in the biology of human vision.
5,7-Dihydro-3-[2-[1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]ethyl]-6H-pyrrolo[3,2-f]-1,2-benzisoxazol-6-one: A Potent and Centrally-Selective Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase (1995)

A series of N-benzylpiperidines (2a-d, 10) with novel isoxazole-containing tricycles has been prepared. This series has shown potent in vitro inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with IC50S = 0.33 - 3.6 nM. Compound 2a was the most potent inhibitor with an IC50 = 0.33 +/- 0.09 nM. Derivatives 2a-d and 10 displayed weak in vitro inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with IC50S = 600 - 23,000 nM. The most selective compound was 2a with a BuChE/AChE ratio in excess of 4 orders of magnitude (> 10,000). Pyrrolobenzisoxazole 2a also displayed a favorable profile in vivo. In microdialysis experiments, 2a produced a 200% increase in extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg in freely moving, conscious rats. Peripheral side effects (salivation ED50 = 26 +/- 1.5 mg/kg) and acute lethality (LD50[1 h] = 42 mg/kg) were observed at > 60-fold higher doses. These data indicate that 2a is an AChE inhibitor with good central selectivity and a favorable margin of safety. Compound 2a, designated as CP-118,954, is currently in clinical development for the treatment of cognitive disorders.
Robust Stabilization of Non-Minimum Phase Nonlinear Systems Using Extended High-Gain Observers (2010)

A robust, stabilizing output feedback controller for systems in the normal form, which could potentially include unstable zero dynamics, is presented. The control scheme adopted herein incorporates continuously-implemented sliding mode control-chosen for its robustness properties as well as its ability to prescribe or constrain the motion of trajectories in the sliding phase-and an extended high gain observer to estimate the derivatives of the output and one of the unknown functions. Stabilization in the case of an unknown control coefficient and uncertain constant parameters is shown.
Kawasaki's disease with paralytic ileus. A case report. (2006)

The authors report on an 18 month-old boy affected by Kawasaki's disease (KD). The diagnosis of KD was made after exclusion of conditions with similar presentation. Two days after admission the child presented vomiting, abdominal distension, meteorism and increase of scrotal swelling with edema. An abdominal X-ray showed the presence of multiple water and gas levels in the ileum and subsequent diagnosis of paralitic ileus was made. After several evacuative enema the intestinal symptomatology resolved. The patient was treated twice (2 g/kg day and after 3 days again 2 g/kg day) with intravenous immunoglobulin following which he made an uneventful recovery. The authors conclude that the presence of paralytic ileus in a febrile child may represent an unusual clinical sign of KD and justify a timely commencement of intravenous immuno-globulin therapy.
Msx1 antagonizes the myogenic activity of Pax3 in migrating limb muscle precursors (1999)

The migration of myogenic precursors to the vertebrate limb exemplifies a common problem in development - namely, how migratory cells that are committed to a specific lineage postpone terminal differentiation until they reach their destination. Here we show that in chicken embryos, expression of the Msx1 homeobox gene overlaps with Pax3 in migrating limb muscle precursors, which are committed myoblasts that do not express myogenic differentiation genes such as MyoD. We find that ectopic expression of Msx1 in the forelimb and somites of chicken embryos inhibits MyoD expression as well as muscle differentiation. Conversely, ectopic expression of Pax3 activates MyoD expression, while co-ectopic expression of Msx1 and Pax3 neutralizes their effects on MyoD. Moreover, we find that Msx1 represses and Pax3 activates MyoD regulatory elements in cell culture, while in combination, Msx1 and Pax3 oppose each other's trancriptional actions on MyoD. Finally, we show that the Msx1 protein interacts with Pax3 in vitro, thereby inhibiting DNA binding by Pax3. Thus, we propose that Msx1 antagonizes the myogenic activity of Pax3 in migrating limb muscle precursors via direct protein-protein interaction. Our results implicate functional antagonism through competitive protein-protein interactions as a mechanism for regulating the differentiation state of migrating cells.
A New Class of Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Materials:  Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Bimetallic Organophosphonate Oxide Phases of the Mo/Cu/O/RPO32- Family (2001)

The hydrothermal reactions of Cu(SO4)·5H2O, MoO2, 1,10-phenanthroline, and the appropriate organodiphosphonate ligand yield organic−inorganic hybrid materials with one- or two-dimensional structures; the presence of cluster building blocks is illustrated by the structure of [{Cu(H2O)2(o-phen)}{Cu(o-phen)2}(Mo5O15)(O3PCH2CH2CH2PO3)].
Solar flash pyrolysis of biomass direct measurement of the optical properties of biomass components (1999)

This paper reports some results of experiments made to determine optical properties of the components of biomass, mainly cellulose. Indeed, cellulose is a highly reflecting and weakly absorbing (sem transparent) material and in some experiments, a concentrated radiation is used (from solar furnaces for instance). The reflectivity is determined with a commercial reflectometer. About 85% of the incident flux is reflected by a pure cellulose pressed peliet. The subduing factor is determined with a specific experimental apparatus using optical fibers. For cellulose, about 80% of the flux which is not reflected by the surface of the pellet is absorbed atter 10 3 m. This subduing factor can be well represented by an exponential law.
Compact covariance descriptors in 3D point clouds for object recognition (2012)

One of the most important tasks for mobile robots is to sense their environment. Further tasks might include the recognition of objects in the surrounding environment. Three dimensional range finders have become the sensors of choice for mapping the environment of a robot. Recognizing objects in point clouds provided by such sensors is a difficult task. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a new covariance based point cloud descriptor for such object recognition. Covariance based descriptors have been very successful in image processing. One of the main advantages of these descriptors is their relatively small size. The comparisons between different covariance matrices can also be made very efficient. Experiments with real world and synthetic data will show the superior performance of the covariance descriptors on point clouds compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Anti-thymocyte globulins in kidney transplantation: focus on current indications and long-term immunological side effects (2016)

Antithymocyte globulins (ATGs) are part of the immunosuppression arsenal currently used by clinicians to prevent or treat acute rejection in solid organ transplantation. ATG is a mixture of non-specific anti-lymphocyte immunoglobulins targeting not only T cell subsets but also several other immune and non-immune cells, rendering its precise immunoglobulin composition difficult to appreciate or to compare from one preparation to another. Furthermore, several mechanisms of action have been described. Taken together, this probably explains the efficacy and the side effects associated with this drug. Recent data suggest a long-term negative impact on allograft and patient outcomes, pointing out the need to better characterize the potential toxicity and the benefit-risk balance associated to this immunosuppressive therapy within large clinical trials.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SPIRO(ARYLENEDIOXY) DERIVATIVES FROM HEXACHLOROCYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENE AND DIHYDROXYBINAPHTHYLS (1980)

Abstract Hexachlorcyclotriphosphazen (I) wird mit den beiden isomeren Dihydroxy‐dinaphthylen (I′I) bzw. (IV) zu den Spirocyclen (III) bzw. (V) umgesetzt.
Tunnel collapse risk assessment based on multistate fuzzy Bayesian networks (2018)

Abstract Excessive structural deformation or collapse can lead to heavy casualties and substantial property loss. This paper presents a novel integrated risk assessment method based on multistate fuzzy Bayesian networks integrated with historical data, expert investigations, probability distribution calculations, discrepancy analysis, sensitivity analysis, and decision‐making. A new expert investigation is proposed with small probability intervals, expert weights, confidence index, etc. After gaining expert judgment by expert investigation, Chauvenet's criterion is first introduced in a discrepancy analysis to eliminate outlier data from the expert judgment and obtain a more reliable value. The t distribution and its confidence interval are also adopted to determine the characteristic value of the survey data as a triangular fuzzy number. A conditional probability table of the model is integrated with historical data and prior knowledge through the weight index. Sensitivity analysis is used to identify the critical factors by changing the probability distribution of each factor and observing the related changes in the risk event. The proposed method ensures the accuracy and scientific rigor of the assessment and the diagnosis of a tunnel accident. This method is successfully applied to assess the collapse probability of the Yu Liao Tunnel.
Control of dual hydraulic free piston engine (2006)

A free piston engine, FPE, combines a combustion engine and a hydraulic pump in one compact component. The only moving part in the hydraulic FPE is the piston assembly containing combustion piston(s), piston rod and pump piston. The piston assembly moves during operation linearly back and forth between left and right extremes by means of the fuel energy. Simultaneously, the pump produces directly fluid flow. The simplicity of mechanical design sets high requirements for the control system. In this paper the control principle of one FPE design is introduced and analysed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Antimony (V)-Polycobalticinium Esters (1980)

Abstract Antimony (V) polycobalticinium esters, where the anion was PF6 −, Cl−, Br− and NO3 −, were synthesized. A number of factors were found to be important in the synthesis, including anion exchange and pH. The products containing PF6 − are oligomeric (DP w = 7) whereas the other products are di-and trimeric. The products undergo oxidative degradation beginning about 100 to 225°C. They are near semiconductors with resistivities about 105 to 107 ohm-cm.
Laser-Induced Ablation through Nanometer-Sized Tip Apertures:  Mechanistic Aspects (1997)

Mechanisms for laser ablation of rhodamine dye thin films through nanometer-sized tip apertures commonly used for scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) are discussed. Experiments and observations are presented that refute a mechanism based on transient tip elongation. Ballistic heat transfer is found to be insufficient for ablation of ionic solids such as rhodamine dyes. The most likely mechanism for creation of the nanoindentations on rhodamine films is photothermal ablation. It is further demonstrated that rhodamine is sublimating upon irradiation, is transported over considerable distances, and is redeposited. This may permit laser ablation through SNOM tips for nanosampling and nanoanalytical methods.
Poison cassette exon splicing ofSRSF6regulates nuclear speckle dispersal and the response to hypoxia (2023)

Hypoxia induces massive changes in alternative splicing (AS) to adapt cells to the lack of oxygen. Here, we identify the splicing factor SRSF6 as a key factor in the AS response to hypoxia. The SRSF6 level is strongly reduced in acute hypoxia, which serves a dual purpose: it allows for exon skipping and triggers the dispersal of nuclear speckles. Our data suggest that cells use dispersal of nuclear speckles to reprogram their gene expression during hypoxic adaptation and that SRSF6 plays an important role in cohesion of nuclear speckles. Down-regulation of SRSF6 is achieved through inclusion of a poison cassette exon (PCE) promoted by SRSF4. Removing the PCE 3' splice site using CRISPR/Cas9 abolishes SRSF6 reduction in hypoxia. Aberrantly high SRSF6 levels in hypoxia attenuate hypoxia-mediated AS and impair dispersal of nuclear speckles. As a consequence, proliferation and genomic instability are increased, while the stress response is suppressed. The SRSF4-PCE-SRSF6 hypoxia axis is active in different cancer types, and high SRSF6 expression in hypoxic tumors correlates with a poor prognosis. We propose that the ultra-conserved PCE of SRSF6 acts as a tumor suppressor and that its inclusion in hypoxia is crucial to reduce SRSF6 levels. This may prevent tumor cells from entering the metastatic route of hypoxia adaptation.
On-line MRI monitored noninvasive ultrasound surgery (1992)

In this study the feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect tissue necrosis induced by focussed ultrasound beams was investigated. It was shown that the sonications can be done in the magnet and that the lesions are visible immediately after the sonications with increasing image contrast as a function of time. These results showed that MRI can be used to direct and monitor on-line noninvasive ultrasound surgery. This may have a major impact in future patient treatments.
Upregulation of rat intestinal uroguanylin mRNA by dietary zinc restriction (1997)

A cDNA for the rat uroguanylin precursor was identified, by differential display of intestinal mRNA, as upregulated in zinc-deficient rats and subsequently was cloned. The cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences show a high degree of homology to human and opossum preprouroguanylin sequences. When used as a probe for Northern blot analysis of RNA from rat intestinal mucosa, the uroguanylin cDNA hybridized to a single species of mRNA that was 2.5-fold more abundant in zinc deficiency. A tissue distribution survey indicates that although the small intestine expresses a disproportionately high level of preprouroguanylin, this hormone precursor is also expressed in the colon, stomach, kidney, thymus, and testis. The induction by zinc deficiency is the first reported case of gene regulation for this hormone. These results also suggest a potential mechanism to explain, at least in part, the beneficial effects of zinc supplementation for secretory diarrhea prevalent in many areas of the world.
Preference and behavior of lactating dairy cows given free access to pasture at two herbage masses and two distances1 (2014)

A number of factors influence dairy cow preference to be indoors or at pasture. The study reported here investigated whether herbage mass and distance affects preference and if continuously housed cows exhibited behavioral and production differences compared to cows that had free access to pasture. Dairy cows (n = 16) were offered a free choice of being in cubicle housing (1.5 cubicles/cow) or at pasture with a high (3,000 ± 200 kg DM/ha) vs. low (1,800 ± 200 kg DM/ha) herbage mass. A control group (n = 16) was confined to cubicle housing for the duration of the study. Each herbage mass was offered at either a near (38 m) or far (254 m) distance in a 2 × 2 factorial crossover design to determine motivation to access pasture. Overall, dairy cows expressed a partial preference to be at pasture, spending 68.7% of their time at pasture. This was not affected (P > 0.05) by herbage mass. Both grass intake (P = 0.001) and grazing time (P = 0.039) was greater when cows were offered the high herbage mass. Neither total mixed ration intake (P > 0.05) nor milk yield (P > 0.05) was affected by herbage mass or distance. Additionally, no interaction existed between herbage mass and distance (P > 0.05). Distance affected preference: overall time on pasture was greater at the near distance (P = 0.002); however, nighttime use was not affected by distance (P = 0.184). Housed cows produced less milk than free-choice cows and this was potentially due to a combination of decreased lying time in housed cows (P < 0.001) and grass intake (1.22 kg/d) in free-choice cows. This study shows that herbage mass is not a major factor driving dairy cow preference for pasture, but distance does affect preference for pasture during the day. Additionally, there are clear production and welfare benefits for providing cows with a choice to be at pasture or cubicle housing over being continuously housed. Further research is necessary to quantify the effect of lying time on milk yields.
Dislocations as a source of micropipe development in the growth of silicon carbide (2001)

Micropipes are the primary macroscopic defects in silicon carbide single crystals. It is shown that a stable hollow core of dislocation can act as an initial site of micropipe development. The specific strain energy necessary to estimate the thermodynamic stability of a hollow dislocation core is expressed in terms of the macroscopic parameters of the material Young’s modulus and of the Gruneisen constant.