gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lattice Instability in the Spin Ladder System under Magnetic Field (1998)

We study theoretically the lattice instability in the spin gap systems under magnetic field. With the magnetic field larger than a critical value h_{c1}, the spin gap is collapsed and the magnetization arises. We found that the lattice distortion occurs in the spin-ladder at an incommensurate wavevector corresponding to the magnetization, while it does not occur in the Haldane system. At low temperatures the magnetization curve shows a first order phase transition with this lattice distortion.
Evaluation of Costs and Benefits of Advances in Cytologic Technology (1998)

While current cervical cytology methodology is one of the most effective means of cancer prevention, there continues to be development of new techniques to increase the sensitivity and specificity of this test. With present fiscal constraints, these will be subject to stringent cost/benefit analyses in which the medical profession must play a key role. Such analyses can be quite complicated, considering the additional costs or cost savings of clinical follow-up procedures and the reliability of dysplasias detected by cytology as a surrogate for cervical carcinoma in calculating quality of life years saved.
Mining timed regular expressions from system traces (2016)

Dynamic behavior of a program can be assessed through examination of events emitted by the program during execution. Temporal properties define the order of occurrence and timing constraints on event occurrence. Such specifications are important for safety-critical real-time systems for which a delayed response to an emitted event may lead to a fault in the system. Since temporal properties are rarely specified for programs and due to the complexity of the formalisms, it is desirable to suggest properties by extracting them from traces of program execution for testing, verification, anomaly detection, and debugging purposes.
Thermoelectric power in Fe-based granular alloys (1996)

We have investigated the field dependence of thermoelectric power S(H) in Fe - Ag and Fe - Cu granular alloys to compare with the theoretical models to explain the S(H) correlation with the giant magnetoresistance. The sign for the magnetic field dependent part of the S(H) is found to be negative for both systems in agreement with the virtual-bound-state model prediction.
Experimental reconstruction of nonlocal response of thermal nonlinear optical media (2007)

We study experimentally and theoretically the nonlocal response of a medium with thermal nonlinearity and show that despite its inherently infinite range it can be accurately characterized by a well-defined nonlocal response function. We retrieve the shape of this function and analyze its transformation with the change of boundaries.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of gene fragment of melanocortin receptor-4 C-terminal and its association with body weight in Boer goats (2013)

In order to investigate the effects of melanocortin receptor-4(MC4R) gene polymorphisms on the growth traits of Boer goats,MC4R gene was cloned and sequenced.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) method was established to assay the genotypes in 164 Boer goats.The results showed that two genotypes(AA and AC) were detected in locus A946C,and there was no significant difference between genotype AA and AC of Boer goats in each month weight.Three genotypes(CC,CT and TT) were detected in locus C986T.The weight and daily weight gain in six-month CT genotype were both significantly higher than those of CC genotype(P0.01),and the yearling weight and yearling daily gain of CT genotype were both significantly higher than those of CC genotype(P0.05).It was concluded that locus C986T of MC4R gene could be used as a candidate molecular marker for weight selection.
Origin Single-stranded DNA Releases Sld3 Protein from the Mcm2–7 Complex, Allowing the GINS Tetramer to Bind the Mcm2–7 Complex (2011)

The replication fork helicase in eukaryotic cells is comprised of Cdc45, Mcm2-7, and GINS (CMG complex). In budding yeast, Sld3, Sld2, and Dpb11 are required for the initiation of DNA replication, but Sld3 and Dpb11 do not travel with the replication fork. Sld3 and Cdc45 bind to early replication origins during the G(1) phase of the cell cycle, whereas Sld2, GINS, polymerase ε, and Dpb11 form a transient preloading complex that associates with origins during S phase. We show here that Sld3 binds tightly to origin single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). CDK-phosphorylated Sld3 binds to origin ssDNA with similar high affinity. Origin ssDNA does not disrupt the interaction between Sld3 and Dpb11, and origin ssDNA does not disrupt the interaction between Sld3 and Cdc45. However, origin ssDNA substantially disrupts the interaction between Sld3 and Mcm2-7. GINS and Sld3 compete with one another for binding to Mcm2-7. However, in a mixture of Sld3, GINS, and Mcm2-7, origin ssDNA inhibits the interaction between Sld3 and Mcm2-7, whereas origin ssDNA promotes the association between GINS and Mcm2-7. We also show that origin single-stranded DNA promotes the formation of the CMG complex. We conclude that origin single-stranded DNA releases Sld3 from Mcm2-7, allowing GINS to bind Mcm2-7.
NMR-based techniques in the hit identification and optimisation processes (2004)

In this review, the use of general NMR spectroscopy techniques to detect ligand binding and to monitor enzyme kinetics and inhibition, which appear particularly useful in hit identification and validation, is reiterated. Furthermore, the use of NMR-based strategies for lead optimisations that are based on either iterative derivatisations of an initial core structure or on linking fragments that occupy adjacent pockets in the target's binding site will also be described. Several recent examples will be reported and the use of these techniques in cases when the three dimensional structure of the target protein is known will be discussed.
Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in Ireland and Sweden: human papillomavirus infection and biologic alterations. (1999)

Paraffin-embedded samples from cervical adenocarcinomas, 19 cases from Irish patients and 19 cases from Swedish patients, were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). The results were compared with DNA ploidy, proliferation activity, and p53 and p21/WAF1 expression. The studies were performed to discover whether high-risk HPV infection in adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix is associated with an increased proliferative activity and genomic instability. The results show that the majority (84.6%) of patients 59 years of age or younger showed HPV infection. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA was 60.5%, with the high-risk types, 16 and 18, the most frequent. HPV-16 had a prevalence of 23.7% (9 of 38), and HPV-18 had a prevalence of 26.3% (10 of 38). The HPV-positive tumors predominantly showed a tetraploid DNA distribution pattern, whereas HPV-negative tumors more frequently showed highly scattered aneuploid DNA profiles. Both HPV-positive and HPV-negative cases displayed high proliferative activity, as indicated by high Ki-67 and cyclin A immunoreactivity. Tumor suppressor gene analysis detected low p53 expression and high p21/WAF1 expression in HPV-positive patients and high p53 expression without simultaneously increased p21/WAF1 (indicative of mutated p53) in HPV-negative cases in the groups of women older than 59 years of age.
LED Based Multispectral Film Scanner for Accurate Color Imaging (2012)

LED (Light Emitting Diode) based spectral imaging is advantageous for its fast computer controlled switching ability, availability of many different types of LEDs and cost effectiveness. It has been used in some applications like biometrics and arts, however, it has not been explored in film scanning. Here in this paper, we have proposed a LED based spectral film scanner that allows acquiring spectral data and at the same time producing more accurate digital color images. Such a system, in practice, is constrained by the limit in the number of LEDs to be used. We have studied the performance of the system also, under the influence of the number of LEDs. Simulation experiments show that the system is capable of acquiring accurate color images with a fairly reasonable number of LEDs. We have also investigated the influence of noise on the number of LEDs, and it shows that the noise plays some part on the number of LEDs to be used.
A level sets approach to determining brain region connectivity (2002)

A method is presented for determining likely paths of connection between regions of the brain using MR diffusion tensor information. Level set theory, applied using fast marching methods is used to generate 3-D time of arrival maps, from which connection paths between brain regions may be defined by identifying paths that minimise connection cost. Maps of the likelihood of connection between brain regions are also determined.
Measures of Autozygosity in Decline: Globalization, Urbanization, and Its Implications for Medical Genetics (2009)

This research investigates the influence of demographic factors on human genetic sub-structure. In our discovery cohort, we show significant demographic trends for decreasing autozygosity associated with population variation in chronological age. Autozygosity, the genomic signature of consanguinity, is identifiable on a genome-wide level as extended tracts of homozygosity. We identified an average of 28.6 tracts of extended homozygosity greater than 1 Mb in length in a representative population of 809 unrelated North Americans of European descent ranging in chronological age from 19-99 years old. These homozygous tracts made up a population average of 42 Mb of the genome corresponding to 1.6% of the entire genome, with each homozygous tract an average of 1.5 Mb in length. Runs of homozygosity are steadily decreasing in size and frequency as time progresses (linear regression, p<0.05). We also calculated inbreeding coefficients and showed a significant trend for population-wide increasing heterozygosity outside of linkage disequilibrium. We successfully replicated these associations in a demographically similar cohort comprised of a subgroup of 477 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants. We also constructed statistical models showing predicted declining rates of autozygosity spanning the 20th century. These predictive models suggest a 14.0% decrease in the frequency of these runs of homozygosity and a 24.3% decrease in the percent of the genome in runs of homozygosity, as well as a 30.5% decrease in excess homozygosity based on the linkage pruned inbreeding coefficients. The trend for decreasing autozygosity due to panmixia and larger effective population sizes will likely affect the frequency of rare recessive genetic diseases in the future. Autozygosity has declined, and it seems it will continue doing so.
Nanopatterning: Bifunctional Moth‐Eye Nanopatterned Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Light‐Harvesting and Self‐Cleaning Effects (Adv. Energy Mater. 3/2014) (2014)

In article number 1300632, Jong Hak Kim and co-workers present a nanopatterning technique using nanostamps that provides a facile process to create a nature-inspired moth-eye structure. The structure achieves high transmittance in the visible range as well as a self-cleaning effect. The resulting solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) with moth-eye structures exhibit enhancement of efficiency to 7.3% at 100 mW cm−2.
Designing a unified programming model for heterogeneous machines (2012)

While high-efficiency machines are increasingly embracing heterogeneous architectures and massive multithreading, contemporary mainstream programming languages reflect a mental model in which processing elements are homogeneous, concurrency is limited, and memory is a flat undifferentiated pool of storage. Moreover, the current state of the art in programming heterogeneous machines tends towards using separate programming models, such as OpenMP and CUDA, for different portions of the machine. Both of these factors make programming emerging heterogeneous machines unnecessarily difficult. We describe the design of the Phalanx programming model, which seeks to provide a unified programming model for heterogeneous machines. It provides constructs for bulk parallelism, synchronization, and data placement which operate across the entire machine. Our prototype implementation is able to launch and coordinate work on both CPU and GPU processors within a single node, and by leveraging the GASNet runtime, is able to run across all the nodes of a distributed-memory machine.
Consensus-based Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks (2016)

In this work, we analyze a distributed cooperative spectrum sensing scheme where N secondary users (SUs) of a cognitive wireless net-work make a joint decision on the primary user (PU) presence based on an agreement reached through interchanging of SU’s individual decisions. The operational protoco
Compact Tubular Ceramic Heat Exchangers ForMicro Gas Turbine Engines (2004)

Skid-mounted power plants have been finding ever-widening application on the power generation market [1]. Flexibility, compactness and the light weight of small GTEs promote their use as the main components of such power generating plants. However, to increase their cost-effectiveness, a notable elevation of the working media parameters is a must. What constrains the above elevation is the problems of reliability and durability of operation of hot parts of the turbine which need to be cooled but, first and foremost, it is a degradation of the effectiveness of the small-size blades for compressors and turbines. Furthermore, at turbine cooling, a power is consumed which is connected with heat removal and, also, the power consumption for treatment and circulation of the cooling agent tends to increase as well. This results in an extra lowering of the level of the temperature increase effectiveness and restriction of the critical costeffectiveness of a GTE. Findings of the convective heat transfer and hydraulic resistance studies in the internal path of the path of the high-temperature gas ceramic cooler are presented. It was demonstrated that the application of the combined technique of heat exchange enhancement using a string of ballturbolators separated by fin inserts allows an increase in the compactness factor for the heat exchanger matrix up to 400-600 m/m.
Analysis of “Finger” Flame Acceleration as a Stage of a Methane-Air-Dust Fire in a Coal Mine (2015)

To reveal the inner mechanism of gas explosion, the entire scenario of premixed flame front evolution within an accidental fire is prescribed. Specifically, “finger” flame shape, which is one of the key stages of flame evolution, is scrutinized with the situation of a methane-air explosion. A transition from a globally-spherical front to a finger-shaped one occurs when a flame starts approaching the passage walls. While this acceleration is extremely strong, it stops as soon as the flame touches the passage wall. This mechanism is Reynolds-independent; being equally relevant to micro-channels and giant tunnels. The flame speed increases by an order of magnitude during this stage. To implement dusty environments, Seshadri formulation for the planar flame [Combustion and Flame 89 (1992) 333] is employed with a non-uniform distribution of inert dust gradients, specifically, linear, parabolic and hyperbolic spatial dust distribution gradients are incorporated into the “finger” flame shape. This study systematically investigates how the noncombustible dust distributions affect fire evolution, the flame shape, and propagation velocity.
Genome-scale metabolic model of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the reconciliation of in silico/in vivo mutant growth (2012)

This study presents validation and refinement of a newly reconstructed metabolic model of the yeast S. pombe, through improving the metabolic model's predictive capabilities by reconciling the in silico predicted growth phenotypes of single-gene knockout mutants, with experimental in vivo growth data.
A Novel Approach to 3D-DOA Estimation of Stationary EM Signals Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

This paper proposes a novel three-dimensional direction-of-arrival (3D-DOA) estimation method for electromagnetic (EM) signals using convolutional neural networks (CNN) in a Gaussian or non-Gaussian noise environment. First of all, in the presence of Gaussian noise, four output covariance matrices of the uniform triangular array (UTA) are normalized and then fed into four neural networks for 1D-DOA estimation with identical parameters in parallel; then four 1D-DOA estimations of the UTA can be obtained, and finally, the 3D-DOA estimation could be obtained through post-processing. Secondly, in the presence of non-Gaussian noise, the array output covariance matrices are normalized by the infinity-norm and then processed in Gaussian noise environment; the infinity-norm normalization could effectively suppress impulsive outliers and then provide appropriate input features for the neural network. In addition, the outputs of the neural network are controlled by a signal monitoring network to avoid misjudgments. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that in Gaussian or non-Gaussian noise environment, the proposed method is superior and effective in computation speed and accuracy in 1D-DOA and 3D-DOA estimations, and the signal monitoring network could also effectively control the neural network outputs. Consequently, we can conclude that CNN has better generalization ability in DOA estimation.
Reinfection by the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant in blood donors in Manaus, Brazil (2022)

Reinfection by Gamma is common and may play a significant role in epidemics where Gamma is prevalent, highlighting the continued threat variants of concern pose even to settings previously hit by substantial epidemics.
Crystal-Growing Crucible To Suppress Convection (1986)

Platform under growth region stabilizes melt for more uniform crystal growth. In new crucible, platform just below growth interface so melt is too shallow to support convection. Critical depth for onset of pertinent instability calculated from heat flux through surface of melt, volume coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and kinematic viscosity.
A method for the determination of the acid-base interactions and the work of adhesion at a solid-liquid interface (1992)

Abstract A new method for determination of the work of adhesion at a solid-liquid interface is described in this paper. The method is based on the ideas of Fowkes, who showed that the total work of adhesion WSI could be reduced to two kinds of interactions, namely, due to the dispersion or London forces, and due to the non-dispersion or acid-base interactions: The method makes use of the classical contact angle technique (sessile drop or Wilhelmy method). The novel feature of our approach is the determination of the work of adhesion WSL using aqueous acidic and basic solutions as test liquids in the pH range from 1 to 14. By this procedure, well-defined acid-base complexes between the functional groups at the surface of the solid and the aqueous solutions of varying pH value can be formed. As a consequence, different values for the work of adhesion are obtained, which can be derived from the enthalpy of the specific acid-base complexes and their surface concentration: Keywords: Work of adhesiondispersion interactionsacid-base interactions
Work‐relatedness of carpal tunnel syndrome: Systematic review including meta‐analysis and GRADE (2022)

This systematic review of prospective cohort studies found high certainty for an increased rate of CTS due to a high Strain Index, exposures exceeding the Activity Level of ACGIH, and high force intensity and high repetition. Workers performing tasks requiring both high force and high repetition even have a higher rate of developing CTS.
Rituximab vs placebo induction prior to glatiramer acetate monotherapy in multiple sclerosis (2019)

NCT01569451.
Loss of Human Leukocyte Antigen and Immune Escape in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

3 Laryngoscope, 134:160-165, 2024.
Diarrheal Disease during Operation Desert Shield (1991)

Gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and shigella resistant to a number of drugs was a major problem that frequently interfered with the duties of U.S. troops during Operation Desert Shield.
DISCO-An HPSG-based NLP System and its Application for Appointment Scheduling Project Note. (1994)

The natural language system DISCO is described. It combines o a powerful and flexible grammar development system; o linguistic competence for German including morphology, syntax and semantics; o new methods for linguistic performance modelling on the basis of high-level competence grammars; o new methods for modelling multi-agent dialogue competence; o an interesting sample application for appointment scheduling and calendar management.
Evaluation of plasma EGFR mutation as an early predictor of response of erlotinib plus bevacizumab treatment in the NEJ026 study (2020)

Chugai Pharmaceutical.
Redox Mediated Li-S Flow Battery for Grid Scale Energy Storage. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Enhancing the Thermostability of Highly Active and Glucose-Tolerant β-Glucosidase Ks5A7 by Directed Evolution for Good Performance of Three Properties (2018)

A high-performance β-glucosidase for efficient cellulose hydrolysis needs to excel in thermostability, catalytic efficiency, and resistance to glucose inhibition. However, it is challenging to achieve superb properties in all three aspects in a single enzyme. In this study, a hyperactive and glucose-tolerant β-glucosidase Ks5A7 was employed as the starting point. Four rounds of random mutagenesis were then performed, giving rise to a thermostable mutant 4R1 with five amino acid substitutions. The half-life of 4R1 at 50 °C is 8640-fold that of Ks5A7 (144 h vs 1 min). Meanwhile, 4R1 had a higher specific activity (374.26 vs 243.18 units·mg<sup>-1</sup>) than the wild type with a similar glucose tolerance. When supplemented to Celluclast 1.5L, the mutant significantly enhanced the hydrolysis of pretreated sugar cane bagasse, improving the released glucose concentration by 44%. With excellent performance in thermostability, activity, and glucose tolerance, 4R1 will serve as an exceptional catalyst for industrial applications.
2×25G low power optical IC for Thunderbolt optical cable technology (2016)

This paper presents low power, 2×25.625Gb/s optical transmitter and receiver ICs for Intel Thunderbolt optical cable technology which is designed to connect electronic devices with the intension to become the standardized optical interconnect. Same circuit with four channels (4×25.625Gb/s) can be used in 100G data center optical interconnect. Each transmitter channel consumes 68mW, receiver channel consumes 78mW. Total power consumption is 146mW for each 25.625Gb/s optical link, which gives 5.69mW/Gb/s. ICs are implemented on BiCMOS process, each two channel IC occupies a die area of 0.884mm × 1.226mm. The ICs have lowest power consumption and smallest die area in industry.