gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the modulation transfer function of matrix displays (1993)

Abstract— An improved expression for the modulation transfer function of a matrix display is presented. Fill‐factor limitations are taken into account. These effects are shown to be non‐negligible.
Real-Time Reconstruction of 3D Compressive Samples with Deep Learning (2022)

We present a real-time 3D compressive samples reconstruction by using a deep learning network for variable density Hadamard samples. Our method is able to successfully recover 3D examples from as few as 10 samples.
Tuning of electronic properties via labile N→B-coordination in conjugated organoboranes (2017)

In this report we demonstrate that labile intramolecular N→B-Lewis pair formation can serve to tailor the properties of π-conjugated electronic materials.
In-flight measurements of aircraft propeller deformation by means of an autarkic fast rotating imaging system (2015)

The non-intrusive in-flight measurement of the deformation and pitch of the aircraft propeller is a demanding task. The idea of an imaging system integrated and rotating with the aircraft propeller has been presented on the 30<sup>th</sup> International Congress on High-Speed Imaging and Photonics (ICHSIP30) in 2012. Since then this system has been constructed and tested in the laboratory as well as on the real aircraft. In this paper we outline the principle of Image Pattern Correlation Technique (IPCT) based on Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and describe the construction of a dedicated autarkic 3D camera system placed on the investigated propeller and rotating at its full speed. Furthermore, the results of the first ground and in-flight tests are shown and discussed. This development has been found by the European Commission within the 7<sup>th</sup> frame project AIM<sup>2</sup> (contract no. 266107).
P333 Baseline mucosal impedance predicting the outcome of bravo pH study (2021)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have previously shown wireless Bravo pH monitoring (WBM) to increase the diagnostic yield of GORD in patients with normal multichannel impedance-pH monitoring (ZPM).<sup>1</sup> The decision factor to further investigate these patients on WBM after normal ZPM is unknown. This study examines the baseline mucosal impedance (BMI) to predict the outcome of WBM. <h3>Method</h3> This is a retrospective study of patients with normal ZPM study (off PPI therapy) who underwent WBM (off PPI therapy) between 2010 and 2019. ZPM was performed using Sandhill Scientific catheters (ZAI-BG-44) and distal BMI was measured up to 7 cm from the manometric gastro-oesophageal junction. The BMI recording period was between 1 am to 6 am when no activity was observed. WBM was performed for 2 days using Given Imaging Bravo capsule that was placed endoscopically 6 cm above the Z-line. The diagnosis for pathological reflux was based on combined 48 hours.<sup>2</sup> Statistical <i>t</i>-test was used to compare BMI between normal and pathological states on WBM study. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was plot to assess for critical BMI threshold to predict pathological reflux on WBM. Fisher exact test along with odds ratio (OR) were calculated to assess the critical BMI threshold. Positive predictive value (PPV) for GORD and negative predictive value (NPV) for absence of GORD were also computed with respect to the BMI critical threshold. <h3>Results</h3> Total number patients selected were 212 (F:M=150:62, aged 20–81 years old). The mean BMI recording period was 33 minutes (20–130 minutes). BMI was significantly reduced in the pathological reflux group found on WBM (p&lt;0.0001). The ROC revealed critical BMI threshold of 2135Ω (sensitivity=87.6%, specificity=82.1%, Youden’s J index=0.700)(85% of the area covered below the curve) (see figure 1). On investigating the WBM with pathological outcomes when BMI ≤2100Ω produced an OR of 29.3 and a <i>p</i>-value &lt;0.0001 was observed. The PPV for presence of GORD on WBM when BMI≤2100Ω is 75% and the NPV for absence of GORD on WBM when BMI&gt;2100Ω is 90.7%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with normal ZPM and a BMI ≤2100Ω increases the likelihood of pathological reflux on WBM monitoring. We recommend this category of patients to be considered for WBM. <h3>References</h3> Chia C, Miah I, Koumoutsos I, <i>et al</i>. Extended Bravo Studies (&gt;48 HRS) Improves Diagnostic Yield of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD) In Patients with Normal Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance-PH (MII-PH) Studies. BMJ Gut 2016;<b>65:</b>A115. Ayazi S, Lipham J, Portale G, <i>et al</i>. Bravo catheter-free H monitoring: normal values, concordance, optimal diagnostic thresholds and accuracy. <i>Clinical gastroenterology and Hepatology</i> 2009;<b>7</b>:p60–67
SELECTIVE SURFACE MODIFICATION ON LUBRICANT RETENTION (2015)

While surface patterns are effective in improving tribological properties, nevertheless they alter the surface wettability, which will in turn affect the surface–lubricant interactions. When there is a shortage of lubricant on a patterned surface, the lubricant stored inside the cavities will be extracted to compensate the surface lubricant dissipation. Additionally, the lubricant retention effect provided by the cavities is competing with the release of the lubricant. With weak surface–lubricant interaction, the retention is limited. Therefore, the lubrication will have a sudden failure, giving a dramatic transition to abrasive wear. To improve the performance of polar lubricants on hydrophobic polymer surfaces, both topographical and selective surface modifications were incorporated on injection molded polypropylene surfaces. Distinctive lubrication improvement was observed when the surface structure density for the lubricant storage was high, and the release of the lubricant was controlled by the interaction with the selectively modified surfaces.
Current Standard and Future Perspectives in Non-Surgical Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2017)

(1) RFA is currently the preferred treatment for patients with tumor burden restricted to the liver and not eligible for surgical resection; (2) TACE is utilized in patients who are not eligible for RFA because of tumor location and/or number of tumor lesions; (3) SIRT might improve treatment responses achieved by TACE and is feasible in patients with portal vein thrombosis; (4) new radiation therapy treatment modalities such as SBRT and proton beam therapy show promising results for local tumor control; and (5) sorafenib remains the first-line systemic treatment option after several large clinical trials have failed to show superiority of other molecular targeted therapies in HCC patients.
Cytotoxic Salan–Titanium(IV) Complexes: High Activity Toward a Range of Sensitive and Drug‐Resistant Cell Lines, and Mechanistic Insights (2012)

The cytotoxicities of highly efficient salan-Ti(IV) complexes toward a range of cell lines, including drug-resistant cells, are reported along with preliminary mechanistic insights. Five salan-Ti(IV) complexes were investigated toward eight different human and murine cancer-derived cell lines, including colon, ovarian, lung, cervical, pancreatic, leukemic, skin, and breast. The salan complexes are more active toward the cells analyzed than cisplatin and the known titanium compound (bzac)(2) Ti(OiPr)(2) , and no cell line resistant to the salan complexes was identified. Moreover, the salan-Ti(IV) complexes are highly active toward both cisplatin-sensitive (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780CisR) human ovarian cancer cell lines. Similarly, the salan complexes are cytotoxic toward multi-drug-resistant (ABCB1-expressing) mouse lymphoma cell lines HU-1 and HU-2. Importantly, minimal or no activity was observed toward primary murine cells (bone marrow, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and lung), supporting selectivity for cancer cells. Additionally, the salan complexes maintain high cytotoxicity for up to 24 h following exposure to cell culture medium, whereas reference complexes (bzac)(2) Ti(OiPr)(2) and Cp(2) TiCl(2) rapidly lose much of their activity upon exposure to medium, within ~1 h. The upregulation of p53 followed by cell-cycle arrest in G(1) phase is likely one mechanism of action of the salan complexes. Taken together, the results indicate that these compounds are selectively toxic to cancer cells and are able to circumvent two independent mechanisms of drug resistance, thus expanding the scope of their potential medicinal utility.
Internal Flow Fraction discriminates patients with dyssynchronous heart failure from age and sex-matched controls (2009)

Introduction: Prophylactic implantation of a cardioverter/ defibrillator (ICD) has been shown to reduce mortality in patients with chronic myocardial infarction (CMI) and an increased risk for life threatening ventricular arrhythmia (VA). The use of ICDs in this large patient population is still limited by high costs and possible adverse events including inappropriate discharges and progression of heart failure. VA is related to infarct size and seems to be related to infarct morphology. Contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (ceCMR) can detect and quantify myocardial fibrosis in the setting of CMI and might therefore be a valuable tool for a more accurate risk stratification in this setting. Hypothesis: ceCMR can identify the subgroup developing VA in patients with prophylactic ICD implantation following MADIT criteria. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 52 patients (49 males, age 69 10 years) with CMI and clinical indication for ICD therapy following MADIT criteria. Prior to implantation (36 78 days) patients were investigated on a 1.5 T clinical scanner (Siemens Avanto , Germany) to assess left ventricular function (LVEF), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LV mass (sequence parameters: GRE SSFP, matrix 256 192, short axis stack; full LV coverage, no gap; slice thickness 6 mm). For quantitative assessment of infarct morphology late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was performed including measurement of total and relative infarct mass (related to LV mass) and the degree of transmurality (DT) as defined by the percentage of transmurality in each scar. (sequence parameters: inversion recovery gradient echo; matrix 256 148, imaging 10 min after 0.2 g/kg gadolinium DTPA; slice orientation equal to SSFP). MRI images were analysed using dedicated software (MASS , Medis, Netherlands). LGE was defined as myocardial areas with signal intensity above the average plus 5 SD of the remote myocardium. After implantation, patients were followed up including ICD readout after 3 and than every 6 months for a mean of 945 344 days. ICD data were evaluated by an experienced electrophysiologist. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of an appropriate discharge (DC), antitachycard pacing (ATP) or death from cardiac cause. Results: The endpoint occurred in 10 patients (3 DC, 6 ATP, 1 death). These patients had a higher relative infarct mass (28 7% vs. 22 11%, p = 0.03) as well as high degree of transmurality (64 22% vs. 44 25%, p = 0.05). Their LVEF (29 8% vs. 30 4%, p = 0.75), LV mass (148 29 g vs. 154 42 g, p = 0.60), LVEDV (270 133 ml vs. 275 83 ml, p = 0.90) or total infarct mass (43 19 g vs. 37 21 g, p = 0.43) were however not significant from the group with no events. In a cox proportional hazards regression model including LVEF, LVEDV, LV mass, DT and age, only degree of transmurality and relative infarct mass emerged as independent predictors of the primary end point (p = 0.009).
Wireless information transfer with fast neutrons (2021)

Fast neutrons propagate significantly in free space with interaction properties that contrast markedly with those of electromagnetic radiation, the latter being fundamental to most wireless communications. Here, we report on the configuration and operation of a nuclear instrumentation set-up designed to transmit digitally encoded information using fast neutrons. We demonstrate the potential of fast neutron radiation as a medium for wireless communications for applications where conventional electromagnetic transmission is either not feasible or is inherently limited.
Gastric Cytoprotective Activity of 2-Cyclopenten-1-one and Related Compounds. (1995)

The cytoprotective activity of the isolated functional groups of several sesquiterpene lactones is reported. Among them the highest activity is shown by α-methylen-γ-butyrolactone and 2-cyclopenten-1-one. The activity shown by those Michael acceptors with a β carbon hindered by an alkyl substituent was always lower or almost null. A three-way mechanism of action is proposed : a) reduced glutathione synthesis, b) prostaglandin synthesis and c) mucosal glycoprotein synthesis.
Flat lens achieved by all-dielectric photonic crystal with near-zero refractive index (2015)

We realize double zero-refractive-index material by dielectric photonic crystals (PCs) with hexagonal lattice at the frequencies near the degenerated Dirac point. We demonstrate such PC can be used as a flat lens which has matched impedance to the air and low loss. The performance of the lens is verified by good near-field imaging both theoretically and experimentally. Further, the zero-refractive-index PC is extended to the plane wave generator and concave lens at terahertz frequencies. Our design provides potential for practical applications of wave manipulation.
Consistent Device Simulation Model Describing Perovskite Solar Cells in Steady-State, Transient, and Frequency Domain (2019)

A variety of experiments on vacuum-deposited methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells are presented, including JV curves with different scan rates, light intensity-dependent open-circuit voltage, impedance spectra, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectra, transient photocurrents, and transient voltage step responses. All these experimental data sets are successfully reproduced by a charge drift-diffusion simulation model incorporating mobile ions and charge traps using a single set of parameters. While previous modeling studies focused on a single experimental technique, we combine steady-state, transient, and frequency-domain simulations and measurements. Our study is an important step toward quantitative simulation of perovskite solar cells, leading to a deeper understanding of the physical effects in these materials. The analysis of the transient current upon voltage turn-on in the dark reveals that the charge injection properties of the interfaces are triggered by the accumulation of mobile ionic defects. We show that the current rise of voltage step experiments allow for conclusions about the recombination at the interface. Whether one or two mobile ionic species are used in the model has only a minor influence on the observed effects. A delayed current rise observed upon reversing the bias from +3 to -3 V in the dark cannot be reproduced yet by our drift-diffusion model. We speculate that a reversible chemical reaction of mobile ions with the contact material may be the cause of this effect, thus requiring a future model extension. A parameter variation is performed in order to understand the performance-limiting factors of the device under investigation.
Nanoporous Pt Microelectrode for Neural Stimulation and Recording: In Vitro Characterization (2010)

3D-nanoporous Pt (L2-ePt) films on multiarrayed microelectrodes electroplated from reverse micelle (L2) phase were evaluated in vitro for neural cell stimulation and extracellular potential recording. Impedance, capacitance, and charge injection limit were measured for the L2-ePt electrodes with various surface specific areas, i.e., roughness factors. L2-ePt with a roughness factor of 223 showed optimum performances as neural stimulation and recording electrodes, and its electric characteristics were electrode impedance of 0.039 Ω cm2 (1.17 kHz), electrode volume specific capacitance of 43 F cm−3 (1.17 kHz), and charge injection limit of 3 mC cm−2 (400 μs). L2-ePt showed higher mechanical strength than the conventional platinized Pt (Pt black).
Digitization and visibility issues in flat detector CT: A simulation study (2012)

Flat detector CT suffers from a limited visibility of low-contrast objects. On the one hand this is due to increased image noise and x-ray scatter, on the other hand this can be attributed to a limited dynamic range of current flat detectors. Compared to clinical CT detectors with their energy absorption efficiency of 90% or more and their dynamic range of 20 bits or more, flat detectors with their energy absorption efficiency around 50 or 60% and their dynamic range of 10 to 12 bits above the noise floor are significantly inferior. Further on, often intended or unintended over-or underexposure occurs in flat detector CT systems, resulting in undesired effects on image quality. To explore the situation we conduct a simulation study that systematically analyzes the effects of limited dynamic range and of over-or underexposure on CT image quality in general and on low-contrast visibility in particular. We applied our study both to "conventional" attenuation based CT imaging as well as to grating-based differential phase-contrast CT imaging.
Sequential exposure to specific antibody escape mutations may program neutralization breadth during subtype A HIV-1 infection (2012)

Mechanisms that expand the otherwise narrow neutralization capacity observed during early HIV-1 infection are currently undefined, but multiple lines of evidence suggest that the ability to elicit broad and potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) via vaccination could increase the protective efficacy of immunization.
Age-Dependent Diarrhea Induced by a Rotaviral Nonstructural Glycoprotein (1996)

The rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 is an intracellular receptor that mediates the acquisition of a transient membrane envelope as subviral particles bud into the endoplasmic reticulum. NSP4 also causes an increase in intracellular calcium in insect cells. Purified NSP4 or a peptide corresponding to NSP4 residues 114 to 135 induced diarrhea in young (6 to 10 days old) CD1 mice. This disease response was age-dependent, dose-dependent, and specific. Electrophysiologic data from intestinal mucosa showed that the NSP4 114-135 peptide potentiates chloride secretion by a calcium-dependent signaling pathway. Diarrhea is induced when NSP4, acting as a viral enterotoxin, triggers a signal transduction pathway.
Optimal Scheduling for PV-Assisted Charging Station Considering the Battery Life of Electric Vehicles (2018)

Photovoltaic(PV)-assisted charging station for electric vehicles(EVs) is an efficient way to balance the fluctuation produced by the renewable energy generation and EV charging loads. In the paper, a day-ahead optimal scheduling problem of a PV -assisted charging station(PVCS) in residential area is studied so as to reduce the operation cost of PVCS and prolong the life of EV batteries. Considering the dynamic capacity fading mode of EV batteries and the willingness of EV owners to participate in the vehicle-to-grid mode during the peak period, a dynamic nonlinear constrained optimization mathematical model is established and genetic algorithm(GA) is used to solve the optimal question. Then two different scenarios are simulated and compared, the simulation results show that the operating cost of the charging station and the life span of EV batteries are increased by 31.1 % and 34.8% separately when considering the cycle life span of EV batteries during the discharging process. These results validate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method in this paper.
Mechanism of diamond growth by chemical vapor deposition on diamond (100), (111), and (110) surfaces: Carbon-13 studies (1991)

The mechanism of diamond growth by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was investigated on the (100), (111), and (110) crystal faces of natural diamond by competition studies using carbon-13-labeled methane and carbon-12 acetylene. Homoepitaxial growth rates of 0.4, 0.5, and 1.3 μm/h were obtained for growth on the (100), (111), and (110) faces, respectively. The (100)- and (111)-oriented films were smooth initially, while films grown on (110) substrates quickly became rough. The (111) films had graphitic inclusions, as evidenced by the Raman spectrum, while the (100) and (110) films were graphite-free. The (111) films also exhibited substantial tensile stress, as indicated by a shift in the Raman peak and by spontaneous cracking in films grown thicker than 3.5 μm. The carbon-13 mole fraction of mixed 13C/12C diamond films grown on the diamond substrates was determined from the shift of the first-order Raman frequency, after correction for the shift due to stress. The carbon-13 mole fractions of methane, acetylene, and the methyl radical (derived indirectly from the mole fractions of H13C13CH and H12C13CH) in the gas phase were obtained by sampling the gas near the growth surface and subsequently determining its composition by matrix-isolation infrared spectroscopy. The carbon-13 mole fraction of the diamond film was equal to that of the methyl radical but differed significantly from that of acetylene for growth on all three crystal faces, indicating that the methyl radical is the dominant growth precursor under hot-filament CVD conditions regardless of the crystallographic orientation of the diamond substrate.
Robust, efficient grating couplers for planar optical waveguides using no-photoacid generator SU-8 electron beam lithography (2009)

450 nm pitch coupling gratings with greater than 10% input coupling efficiency have been fabricated on thin film planar optical waveguides using electron beam lithography on a novel SU-8 resist formulation that contains no photoacid generator (PAG). Even without the PAG component, we found the sensitivity of this material to be unexpectedly high, with a dose to clear of less than 10 μC/cm2 at 50kV for our substrates. Our optical waveguides consisted of 350 nm Ta2O5 ion beam sputtered onto superpolished fused silica substrates. The grating fabrication flow was designed to minimize process steps on the Ta2O5 surface and ensure that the original low surface roughness was sufficiently maintained after processing.
Analysis of Novel Variable Reluctance Resolver with Asymmetric Teeth on the Stator (2013)

The variable reluctance (VR) resolver is usually used to measure the shaft angle of motor. A novel VR resolver with asymmetric teeth on the stator is proposed to achieve the minimal number of active teeth and eliminate the amplitude imbalance of the output voltages of SIN and COS coils by bringing the fifth compensating tooth. The structure and the total output voltages of signal windings are explicated theoretically in detail. The topology of such a machine just requires 2D finite element analysis (FEA) to accurately predict the machine performance. Results of FEA and principle of VR resolver with asymmetric teeth are in good agreement, and several special relevant problems are studied. Finally, experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and FEA of the proposed VR resolver.
Novel collision detection technique for CSMA/CD based fibre-optic local area networks (1983)

A novel and simple collision detection technique for CSMA/CD based fibre-optic local area networks is reported. The method is suitable for both passive and active ring and star configured systems. All collisions are detected in ring networks. In star networks, approximately less than 1% of collisions, depending on the system parameters, cannot be detected.