gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extension and Compression of Elastomeric Butt Joint Seals (1996)

The conventional practice for the design of elastomeric butt joint seals in pavement and building expansion joints is based primarily on standard tests of model seals. The practice does not incorporate structural analysis and does not utilize mechanical properties of the sealant. This study concerns the applicability of a particular load versus deflection equation for the extension and compression design of these seals, i.e., the elementary large compression equation suggested by Payne in 1956 and Gent and Lindley in 1959 for bonded rubber blocks. The study demonstrates, using experiments to measure strain energy density functions for two sealants, by application of these functions in finite-element analyses and by comparison of the finite-element and elementary analysis results, the capabilities and limitations of the load versus deflection equation. In the process, the study introduces an efficient experimental technique for evaluating coefficients of the Rivlin strain energy density polynomial for general application to the analysis of elastomeric structures, and demonstrates the utility of the finite-element–based approach for extension and compression analysis of butt joint seals.
What do Drivers Fail to See When Conversing on a Cell Phone? (2004)

Our research examined the effects of hands-free cell phone conversations on simulated driving. We found that even when participants looked directly at objects in the driving environment, they were less likely to create a durable memory of those objects if they were conversing on a cell phone. Moreover, this pattern was obtained for objects of both high- and low-relevance, suggesting that very little semantic analysis of the objects occurs outside the restricted focus of attention. These data support the inattention-blindness interpretation in which the disruptive effects of cell phone conversations on driving are due in large part to the diversion of attention from driving to the phone conversation. We suggest that even when participants are directing their gaze at objects in the driving environment that they may fail to “see” them when they are on the phone because attention is directed elsewhere.
Infrared-spectroscopic study of amino-substituted nitrilimines and their photochemical transformations in an argon matrix (2014)

3-Amino- and 3-(dimethyl)amino-1-methylnitrilimines were obtained by the photolysis (l = 254 nm) of the corresponding 5-amino- and 5-(dimethyl)amino-2-methyltetrazoles in an argon matrix at 10 K or in a gas phase at room temperature. They were characterized by IR spectroscopy and were found to be the primary products of the transformation; the prolonged UV irradiation of the matrix (l = 254 nm) caused isomerization of the nitrilimines into diazirines.
DNA methylation profile of triple negative breast cancer-specific genes comparing lymph node positive patients to lymph node negative patients (2016)

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with no targeted treatment available. Our previous study identified 38 TNBC-specific genes with altered expression comparing tumour to normal samples. This study aimed to establish whether DNA methylation contributed to these expression changes in the same cohort as well as disease progression from primary breast tumour to lymph node metastasis associated with changes in the epigenome. We obtained DNA from 23 primary TNBC samples, 12 matched lymph node metastases, and 11 matched normal adjacent tissues and assayed for differential methylation profiles using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. The results were validated in an independent cohort of 70 primary TNBC samples. The expression of 16/38 TNBC-specific genes was associated with alteration in DNA methylation. Novel methylation changes between primary tumours and lymph node metastases, as well as those associated with survival were identified. Altered methylation of 18 genes associated with lymph node metastasis were identified and validated. This study reveals the important role DNA methylation plays in altered gene expression of TNBC-specific genes and lymph node metastases. The novel insights into progression of TNBC to secondary disease may provide potential prognostic indicators for this hard-to-treat breast cancer subtype.
Modeling of Personalized Anatomy Using Plastic Strains (2021)

We present a method for modeling solid objects undergoing large spatially varying and/or anisotropic strains, and use it to reconstruct human anatomy from medical images. Our novel shape deformation method uses plastic strains and the finite element method to successfully model shapes undergoing large and/or anisotropic strains, specified by sparse point constraints on the boundary of the object. We extensively compare our method to standard second-order shape deformation methods, variational methods, and surface-based methods, and demonstrate that our method avoids the spikiness, wiggliness, and other artifacts of previous methods. We demonstrate how to perform such shape deformation both for attached and un-attached (“free flying”) objects, using a novel method to solve linear systems with singular matrices with a known nullspace. Although our method is applicable to general large-strain shape deformation modeling, we use it to create personalized 3D triangle and volumetric meshes of human organs, based on magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans. Given a medically accurate anatomy template of a generic individual, we optimize the geometry of the organ to match the magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan of a specific individual. Our examples include human hand muscles, a liver, a hip bone, and a gluteus medius muscle (“hip abductor”).
Simple way to understand the behaviour of an optical y junction (1984)

The behaviour of an optical y-junction can be described qualitatively in terms of elementary aperture-antenna theory. It is then straightforward to understand why an odd-symmetry field is radiated into the substrate and an even-symmetry field cannot be transmitted without any loss.
Sensor System for Directly Detecting and Identifying Hydrocarbons in Water (2012)

Abstract We report on the development of a sensor system for the detection of hydrocarbons in water. The sensor system is based on functionalized gold nanoparticle chemiresistors that change their electrical resistance when exposed to chemical compounds. We fabricated arrays with sixteen chemiresistors, where each chemiresistor can contain gold nanoparticles functionalized with a different linker. The array of semi-selective sensors was exposed to solutions containing benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) dissolved in water. Using linear discriminant analysis we demonstrated that each one of the BTEX compounds could be distinguished.
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF ASCENDING CANDIDA PYELONEPHRITIS IN RATS (1987)

Candida albicansを用いた上行性腎盂腎炎における腎の組織学的変化を微細構造的に検索した。実験モデルは雌性 Wistar 系ラットの腹腔内に Cyclophosphamide を投与し, 2日後膀胱内酢酸注入を行い, その翌日C. albicansを経尿道的に膀胱内へ注入することにより作成した。菌接種7日後まで, 経時的に腎盂腎炎の進展を中心に光学顕微鏡ならびに電子顕微鏡的に観察した. 菌接種3日後までは, 大部分のCandida菌体は腎盂ならびに腎髄質に局所的に存在し, 主として菌糸型のC. albicansが付着および貫通により侵入するのが観察された。Candida菌体の侵入を受けた細胞には壊死性あるいは脂肪性変性が認められたが, その周囲組織には好中球の浸潤等の炎症反応はごく軽度であった。一部のCandida菌体は集合管やヘンレ係蹄の腔内, その上皮細胞内に散見されたが, 細胞の障害は認められなかった. 侵入したCandida菌体と宿主組織との間には細線維または菌体外物質が介在しており, 一方上皮細胞または内皮細胞による菌体の被包化もしばしば観察された. 菌接種7日後には, 腎髄質や腎盂内のCandida菌体の集塊周囲に著明な好中球の浸潤が認められ, 好中球による菌体の貪食もしばしば認められた。以上より, 宿主側の感染防禦能の低下のもとにC. albicansが腎髄質組織に付着および貫通することにより侵入した上行性腎盂腎炎を進展させていると考え, その際菌糸型のC. albicansが重要な役割を果たしていることが推察された。
Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses Induced by Recombinant Lactobacillus spp. Expressing the Hemagglutinin of the Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 (2011)

To develop a safe, effective, and convenient vaccine for the prevention of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), we have successfully constructed two recombinant lactobacillus strains (LA4356-pH and DLD17-pH) that express the foreign HPAI virus protein hemagglutinin 1 (HA(1)). The mucosal and systemic immune responses triggered by these two recombinant lactobacilli following oral administration to BALB/c mice were evaluated. The results showed that both LA4356-pH and DLD17-pH could significantly increase the specific anti-HA(1) IgA antibody level in the mucosa and the anti-HA(1) IgG level in serum, as well as stimulating the splenic lymphocyte proliferative reaction through increased expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Compared with LA4356-pH, DLD17-pH was more effective at inducing systemic and mucosal immune responses, with higher anti-HA(1)-specific IgA and IgG levels. Therefore, DLD17-pH could be a promising oral vaccine candidate against HPAI.
Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review (2010)

Presentation of medical information in a concise, evidence-based, and credible format remains a constant challenge. The vast amount of available knowledge necessitates a committed effort by editors and authors to highlight the new developments while reinforcing the core principles of medicine. To assist physicians in this ongoing challenge, the Department of Internal Medicine at Mayo Clinic remains committed to providing continuing professional development to physicians in a timely manner. Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review, 9th edition, is designed to meet the needs of physicians who are in training and practicing clinicians by updating their knowledge in internal medicine and preparing them for the American Board of Internal Medicine certification and maintenance-of-certification examinations in internal medicine. The book is divided into subspecialty topics, and each chapter or subsection of a chapter is written by authors with wide clinical expertise in the area. Bulleted items address typical clinical scenarios. These scenarios emphasize 2 key points: the diagnosis of diseases by general internists and subspecialists in internal medicine and the predominance of pharmacologic management. Pharmacy review tables list the indications for and adverse effects of drugs and drug-drug interactions, knowledge that is of paramount importance for practicing physicians.
Electroactive Polymers and Macromolecular Electronics (1986)

Electrodes can be coated with electrochemically reactive polymers in several microstructural formats called sandwich, array, bilayer, micro-, and ion-gate electrodes. These microstructures can be used to study the transport of electrons and ions through the polymers as a function of the polymer oxidation state, which is essential for understanding the conductivity properties of these new chemical materials. The microstructures also exhibit potentially useful electrical and optical responses, including current rectification, charge storage and amplification, electron-hole pair separation, and gates for ion flow.
The search for genotype/phenotype correlation in Marfan syndrome: to be or not to be? (2016)

This editorial refers to ‘Genotype impacts survival in Marfan syndrome’, by R. Franken et al . [doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv739][1] 

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant inherited connective tissue disorder with the main manifestations in the skeletal (overgrowth), ocular (ectopia lentis), and cardiovascular system. The latter include predominantly mitral valve disease (prolapse with or without insufficiency) and aortic aneurysm most prominently at the level of the sinuses of Valvalva. The disease has an estimated prevalence between 1/3000 and 1/5000, irrespective of gender or ethnicity. The large majority of MFS patients will ultimately develop aortic aneurysm and, if undetected, be prone to aortic dissection, most commonly type A dissections starting from the dilated aortic root, but type B dissection have also been described.

Since its initial description in 1898 by Antoine-Bernard Marfan, it took ∼100 years to discover the genetic basis of the condition. Dietz and colleagues demonstrated that mutations in the FBN1 gene, coding for the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1, are causal of the disease.1 Over the past 25 years, >3000 different FBN1 mutations have been described. With the advance of genetic technology, mutation detection is now feasible in >90–95% of MFS patients, and molecular testing has become an integral part of the diagnostic decision-making process. According to the revised Ghent Marfan nosology, a clinical diagnosis can be made if one of the four following rules in an index patient is fulfilled: (i) the presence of ectopia lentis and aortic root dilatation; (ii) aortic root dilatation and FBN1 mutation; (3) aortic root dilatation and systemic score; and (iv) ectopia lentis and FBN1 mutation.2

Although genetic analysis of FBN1 now contributes significantly to the diagnostic process, its …

 [1]: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv739
Systems to Silicon: A Complete System Approach to Power Semiconductor Selection for Environmentally Friendly Vehicles (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A complete system approach to power semiconductor analysis and selection is set forth in this paper. In order to address design overkill, a suitable power profile across the desired drive schedule is obtained through vehicle simulation in lieu of worse case operating conditions. The representative profile is then applied to detailed models of the inverter, power device, and power device thermal stack-up in order to predict worse case, silicon junction temperature rise. The simulation stream includes a closed silicon thermal loop that leads to more accurate power loss and junction temperature calculations. The models are combined and exercised in a single platform for ease of integration and fast simulation. Herein, the methods will be applied to a working example of an inverter for motor drives, and analytical results will be reviewed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Future of Laser Medicine (1986)

For five years, we have been using soft laser irradiation to treat pain. Recently, we have found that lowenergy laser is effective for keloids, vitiligo, nevus spilus and skin shrinkage as well. Laser irradiation seems to normalize the metabolism (hyper, for keloids and nevus spilus; hypo, for vitiligo and shrinkage). Dr. Inada suggested that the above form of therapy was “zero entropic.” We would appreciate a longer explanation at some later date. This diode laser is extremely small, and in the future we expect even a small model, perhaps even a “powder laser” that can be injected into the bloodstream. This may cause a revolution in medicine.
Cost‐effective dissolved oxygen monitor–controller for continuous culture (1979)

Abstract A number of devices for the control of the dissolved oxygen (DO) tension in small continuous cultures are now in use, but because of the sophisticated proportional control employed, are prohibitively expensive for many applications. This report describes a flexible cost‐efficient DO monitor and controller which, including DO probe, valves, and gas solenoid, can be constructed for 400 dollars. The device employs two‐position control of gas flow and agitation speed and is readily adaptable to a variety of application; Construction, operation, and performance in conjunction with a small fermentor are briefly discussed.
Indicadores químicos de qualidade da matéria orgânica de solo da sub-bacia do Rio das Mortes sob manejos diferenciais de cafeeiro (2008)

MANAGEMENTS. This work evaluated the chemical quality of organic matter (OM) of a Brazilian Oxisol cultivated with coffee plants, under organic and conventional managements. Total organic C (TOC), light fraction C (LF-C) and C in humic (HA-C) and fulvic (FA-C) acids fractions was measured. Amongst the evaluated indexes, TOC and LF-C discriminated better OM attributes as a function of management. The stratification ratio (TOC 5-10cm /TOC 10-20cm ) did not show differences between the systems studied. The organic system can contribute to the sustainability of coffee plantations in Brazil, because it maintains the chemical attributes of OM closer to the indexes verified under forest conditions.
When Tissue Antigens and Antibodies Get Along (2013)

Once focused mainly on the characterization of neoplasms, immunohistochemistry (IHC) today is used in the investigation of a broad range of disease processes with applications in diagnosis, prognostication, therapeutic decisions to tailor treatment to an individual patient, and investigations into the pathogenesis of disease. This review addresses the technical aspects of immunohistochemistry (and, to a lesser extent, immunocytochemistry) with attention to the antigen-antibody reaction, optimal fixation techniques, tissue processing considerations, antigen retrieval methods, detection systems, selection and use of an autostainer, standardization and validation of IHC tests, preparation of proper tissue and reagent controls, tissue microarrays and other high-throughput systems, quality assurance/quality control measures, interpretation of the IHC reaction, and reporting of results. It is now more important than ever, with these sophisticated applications, to standardize the entire IHC process from tissue collection through interpretation and reporting to minimize variability among laboratories and to facilitate quantification and interlaboratory comparison of IHC results.
Studies on the synthesis of the antitumor agent CC-1065. Synthesis of PDE I and PDE II, inhibitors of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase using the 3,3'-bipyrrole strategy (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on the synthesis of the antitumor agent CC-1065. Synthesis of PDE I and PDE II, inhibitors of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase using the 3,3'-bipyrrole strategyPaul Carter, Steven Fitzjohn, Serge Halazy, and Philip MagnusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 9, 2711–2717Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00243a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00243a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views714Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A deep-UV optical frequency comb at 205 nm (2009)

By frequency quadrupling a picosecond pulse train from a Ti:sapphire laser at 820 nm we generate a frequency comb at 205 nm with nearly bandwidth-limited pulses. The nonlinear frequency conversion is accomplished by two successive frequency doubling stages that take place in resonant cavities that are matched to the pulse repetition rate of 82 MHz. This allows for an overall efficiency of 4.5 % and produces an output power of up to 70 mW for a few minutes and 25 mW with continuous operation for hours. Such a deep UV frequency comb may be employed for direct frequency comb spectroscopy in cases where it is less efficient to convert to these short wavelengths with continuous wave lasers.
Binomial Mitotic Segregation of MYCN-Carrying Double Minutes in Neuroblastoma Illustrates the Role of Randomness in Oncogene Amplification (2008)

Binomial segregation at cell division explains the high degree of MYCN copy-number variability in NB. Our findings also provide a proof-of-principle for oncogene amplification through creation of genetic diversity by random events followed by Darwinian selection.
Streptococcus gordonii comCDE (competence) operon modulates biofilm formation with Candida albicans (2014)

Candida albicans is a pleiomorphic fungus that forms mixed species biofilms with Streptococcus gordonii, an early colonizer of oral cavity surfaces. Activation of quorum sensing (QS; intercellular signalling) promotes monospecies biofilm development by these micro-organisms, but the role of QS in mixed species communities is not understood. The comCDE genes in S. gordonii encode a sensor-regulator system (ComDE), which is activated by the comC gene product (CSP, competence stimulating peptide) and modulates expression of QS-regulated genes. Dual species biofilms of S. gordonii ΔcomCDE or ΔcomC mutants with C. albicans showed increased biomass compared to biofilms of S. gordonii DL1 wild-type with C. albicans. The ΔcomCDE mutant dual species biofilms in particular contained more extracellular DNA (eDNA), and could be dispersed with DNase I or protease treatment. Exogenous CSP complemented the S. gordonii ΔcomC transformation deficiency, as well as the ΔcomC-C. albicans biofilm phenotype. Purified CSP did not affect C. albicans hyphal filament formation but inhibited monospecies biofilm formation by C. albicans. The results suggest that the S. gordonii comCDE QS-system modulates the production of eDNA and the incorporation of C. albicans into dual species biofilms.
New Anti-influenza Agents, FR198248 and Its Derivatives. II. Characterization of FR198248, Its Related Compounds and Some Derivatives. (2001)

We isolated FR198248 from the cultured broth of Aspergillus terreus No. 13830 as a new anti-influenza agents. The structure of FR198248 was elucidated by several spectroscopic experiments as a novel tetrahydroxybenzaldehyde compound. Furthermore, we described the characteristics of FR198248, its related compounds and some derivatives.
Adrenal Hemangioma: A Case of Retroperitoneal Tumor (2018)

We herein report a rare case of adrenal hemangioma.