gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-11-12: Clinical value of ESR1 mutations from cell free DNA in ethynil estradiol treatment for metastatic breast cancer (2020)

Abstract Background: There are some cases in which estrogen addition therapy with ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is effective in cases in which aromatase inhibotor (AI) acquired resistance has been achieved after prolonged administration. In such case, ESR1 mutation was reported to be frequently seen. In this study, we examined the relation between histopathological factors, or ESR1 mutations detected by multiplex droplet digital PCR from cell free DNA (cfDNA) in patients’ and the effect of EE2 treatment. Patients and methods: From 2011 to 2016, we conducted a prospective observational study of EE2 therapy (0.5 to 3 mg / day PO) in our department (registration No. UMIN000002831). ER/PgR expression by IHC in a part cases, and serum E2 and FSH levels and blood cell counts in all cases were evaluated before/after treatment. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) system by the QX200™ Droplet Digital™ PCR System (Bio-Rad laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) which makes thousands of droplets and each of them contained one or no copy of the sequence of ESR1 gene reacted with a pair of primers and two TaqMan probes. The PCR data were quantified using QuantaSoft™ software (Bio-Rad laboratories) and data are expressed as a percentage of mutant to total (mutant plus wild type) for each sample. Results: In this series, partial response (PR) was seen in 30% (12/40), long stable disease 12.5% (5/40), clinical benefit rate (CBR) 42.5% (17/40). The median EE2 dosing period in cases with CB was 8.4 months. AI was re-administered to 17 cases for which efficacy was obtained by EE2, and 8 cases had CB. After that, EE2 was re-challenge to 4 cases obtained effective cases. After EE2 treatment, serum E2 level increased and FSH decreased. In addition, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio increased, but its biological significance was unknown. Point mutations (Y537S, Y537N, D538G) of the ESR1 gene in cell free DNA in plasma were searched in 21 cases before EE2 administration, and High frequent ESR1 mutations were seen in 10 cases (47%) in any mutative site. In the patients with wild type of ESR1 before treatment, there were tended to be more effective for EE2 treatment, but they were not statistically significant. Additionally, no relationship between PIK3CA mutations (E542x, E545x, H1047x, G1049x) and EE2 effect was seen. Conclusion: The action mechanisms of EE2 treatment were reported as estrogen-induced apoptosis, which may not be related to ESR1 nor PIK3CA mutations. Further research related to EE2 treatment with biologic factors, such as gene alterations of the related factors, must be required. Citation Format: Hirotaka Iwase, Takashi Takeshita, Mutsuko Ibusuki, Aiko Sueta, Mai Tomiguchi, Yoshitaka Fujiki, Yutaka Yamamoto. Clinical value of ESR1 mutations from cell free DNA in ethynil estradiol treatment for metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-12.
O‐fucosylation of CCN1 is required for its secretion (2015)

The matricellular protein CCN1, also known as Cyr61, is a secreted ligand and has numerous functions. Human CCN1 contains one predicted O-fucosylation site in the thrombospondin type-1 repeat (TSR1) domain at Thr(242). In this report, we demonstrated that CCN1 is O-fucosylated at Thr(242) using mass spectrometry. Deficiency of O-fucosylation resulted in the decrement of the cell surface localization and the secretion of CCN1. Furthermore, knockdown of protein O-fucosyltransferase 2, which modifies a specific Ser/Thr residue in the TSR1 domain, decreased secreted levels of CCN1. These results demonstrated that O-fucosylation of CCN1 at Thr(242) regulates its secretion.
Palladium-catalyzed chemoselective synthesis of indane-1,3-dione derivatives via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion (2015)

A simple and efficient strategy for the synthesis of indane-1,3-dione derivatives through a palladium(0)-catalyzed reaction incorporating <italic>tert</italic>-butyl isocyanide has been developed.
Statin responder analysis for precision prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease (2022)

Abstract Background Previously we identified reduced risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in statin users (Torrandell‐Haro et al. 2020). Identifying the subgroup of responders is an important step towards a precision statin therapy approach. This study aimed to investigate the effect of statin therapy on the incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other age‐related neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) by therapy, sex, and age group. Moreover, it sought to identify and describe responder vs non‐responder phenotypes to statin therapy based on demographic characteristics, comorbidity burden, and drug exposure. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted using a US‐based insurance claims dataset of 53 million participants. Inclusion criteria included participants aged 45 years old or older, with no prior history of NDD before statin use, and with claims enrolled for at least 6 months prior and 3 years after start of statin therapy. A propensity score‐matched based on age, gender, region, comorbidities and cci was applied for group assignment. Records were surveyed for a diagnosis of AD 1 year after statin exposure. Sensitivity analyses for the detection of responders based on comorbidities and drug combinations were conducted. Result Of the 1,293,952 participants who met inclusion criteria, 646,976 participants were exposed to statin therapy and were propensity score‐matched to 646,976 patients without exposure. Statin use was associated with a decreased risk of AD (RR [95% CI]: 0.54 [0.52–0.57]; P &lt; .001) and other NDD. Additionally, men exhibited a greater risk reduction than women, which was driven by atorvastatin and simvastatin. Responders had a higher incidence of obesity and asthma whereas non‐responders were predominantly female and had an overall higher incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidities. Conclusion Statin use was associated with a reduced risk of AD and other NDD, replicating previous results. Non‐responders were predominantly women with a high incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities. Characterization of responders to statin exposure advances a precision prevention approach, in which prescription guidelines consider neurological health and are adapted for at‐risk populations. This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging (grant R01AG057931), and the Women’s Alzheimer’s Movement and the Center for Innovation in Brain Science to Dr Brinton.
The statistical performance of the MUSIC and the minimum-norm algorithms in resolving plane waves in noise (1986)

This paper presents an asymptotic statistical analysis of the null-spectra of two eigen-assisted methods, MUSIC [1] and Minimum-Norm [2], for resolving independent closely spaced plane waves in noise. Particular attention is paid to the average deviation of the null-spectra from zero at the true angles of arrival for the plane waves. These deviations are expressed as functions of signal-to-noise ratios, number of array elements, angular separation of emitters, and the number of snapshots. In the case of MUSIC. an approximate expression is derived for the resolution threshold of two plane waves with equal power in noise. This result is validated by Monte Carlo simulations.
Ultra-broadband V-band fractal T-square antenna (2017)

A corner CPW-fed T-square fractal antenna is proposed. This fractal layout provides a wider bandwidth compared to typical square patches. The proposed antenna is designed to operate within the V-band millimeter-wave frequency range and found to cover a 10 dB return loss bandwidth of 19.2 GHz which presents 54.9% of the entire V-band. The ground plane of the antenna is limited to the feeding line, and a monopole-like radiation pattern is achieved. The gain values gradually increase throughout the ultra-broadband operational bandwidth and reaches a maximum value of 5.7 dBi. The efficiency of the antenna is considered high with a maximum value of 87.6%. The layout of the antenna can be scaled in order to fit other frequency bands; such as the ultra-wideband frequency band.
Mutations in Aspergillus fumigatus Resulting in Reduced Susceptibility to Posaconazole Appear To Be Restricted to a Single Amino Acid in the Cytochrome P450 14α-Demethylase (2003)

To better understand the molecular basis of posaconazole (POS) resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, resistant laboratory isolates were selected. Spontaneous mutants arose at a frequency of 1 in 10(8) and fell into two susceptibility groups, moderately resistant and highly resistant. Azole resistance in A. fumigatus was previously associated with decreased drug accumulation. We therefore analyzed the mutants for changes in levels of transcripts of genes encoding efflux pumps (mdr1 and mdr2) and/or alterations in accumulation of [(14)C]POS. No changes in either pump expression or drug accumulation were detected. Similarly, there was no change in expression of cyp51A or cyp51B, which encode the presumed target site for POS, cytochrome P450 14alpha-demethylase. DNA sequencing revealed that each resistant isolate carried a single point mutation in residue 54 of cyp51A. Mutations at the same locus were identified in three clinical A. fumigatus isolates exhibiting reduced POS susceptibility but not in susceptible clinical strains. To verify that these mutations were responsible for the resistance phenotype, we introduced them into the chromosome of a POS-susceptible A. fumigatus strain under the control of the glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. The transformants exhibited reductions in susceptibility to POS comparable to those exhibited by the original mutants, confirming that point mutations in the cyp51A gene in A. fumigatus can confer reduced susceptibility to POS.
Overview of the latest developments in the electromagnetic data exchange (2012)

This paper presents an overview of the last developments in the Electromagnetic Data Exchange (EDX). The EDX is a core activity of the EAML team in collaboration with the Working Group on Software of the European Association on Antennas and Propagation (EurAAP). Recent developments are discussed together with the formulation of the Field Data Dictionary in the DDL language. An application example relevant to the integration of measurements and simulation is reported.
Climate change: no consensus on consensus. (2013)

Abstract This essay explores the history and consequences of scientific consensus building activities by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on the topic of dangerous anthropogenic climate change. A broad view of consensus is provided in the context of the philosophy of science and the social and psychological issues that contribute to bias. The role of scientific consensus in policy making is discussed. An overview is provided of critiques of the IPCC consensus process. A summary of recommendations is provided aimed at improving the interface between climate science and policy in ways that can support decision making associated with growing implications of 'messy wickedness' of the climate change problem.
Exhaled nitric oxide is not a biomarker for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension or for treatment efficacy (2019)

FeNO levels are a poor non-invasive measure of IPAH severity and of treatment response in patients in this pilot study.
Liquid Crystalline Phases of a Diacetylenic Phosphocholine Lipid (1991)

Abstract We have studied the liquid crystalline behavior of a polymerizable diacetylenic phosphocholine lipid l,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9PC). Optical polarized microscopy reveals several types of textures corresponding to normal as well as tilted smectic phases for the dry sample while only the oily streak texture of the Lα phase is seen for the sample with 5% water. X-ray diffraction data show that the lamellar order in the hydrated sample is more pronounced than that in the dry sample. Also, a pronounced change in the layer structure occurs for both the dry and 5% hydrated samples at the chain melting temperature. These structural changes are discussed in relation to the optical microscopic observations.
Experimental Assessment of Dispersion Failure of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics in a Twin Screw Extruder (2013)

Abstract To investigate the conditions necessary for glass fiber bundle dispersion in the polymer compounding process, we developed a method for experimentally quantifying dispersion failure in this study. We employed a co-rotating twin-screw extruder in our experiment and investigated the dependence of frequency of occurrence of dispersion failure on screw configurations (a forward kneading disk (FKD) and a backward mixing screw (BMS) with different screw configurations), throughput (Q), and screw speed (Ns). From our experiments, we found that increasing the production rate promotes the occurrence of dispersion failure when a FKD is used. Dispersion failure is markedly suppressed when a BMS is used. We thus found that the production rate could be increased by using a BMS with a large length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio.
The world is better than it has ever been (2016)

Probe Plus missions, both to be launched in 2018. Solar Orbiter will be leaving the plane of the ecliptic to explore the uncharted polar regions of the Sun, as well as investigate the connections between the Sun and its surrounding heliosphere from inside planet Mercury’s orbit. Solar Probe Plus, on the other hand, will be approaching the Sun even further — to within 10 solar radii — to sample the plasma of the hot and tenuous solar corona in situ.
Magnetic Properties of Stable Dispersions of Subdomain Magnetite Particles (1970)

Stable colloidal dispersions of subdomain-size magnetic particles have been prepared that retain their liquid characteristics in the presence of a magnetic field. Magnetization versus applied field curves were obtained as a function of particle size and volumetric solids concentration for magnetite dispersions in a wide variety of carrier liquids. The magnetic properties of these colloidal dispersions have been corrolated by superparamagnetic theory in terms of the size distribution of the suspended particles and their volumetric concentration, correcting for the formation of a nonmagnetic surface mantle one-unit-cell thick.
Handling data (1993)

Data are information such as facts and figures. They are also called statistics.
Clustering-based Inference for Biomedical Entity Linking (2021)

Rico Angell, Nicholas Monath, Sunil Mohan, Nishant Yadav, Andrew McCallum. Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2021.
Validation of the TOLNet Lidars: The Southern California Ozone Observation Project (SCOOP) (2018)

Abstract. The North-America-based Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) was recently established to provide high spatio-temporal vertical profiles of ozone, to better understand physical processes driving tropospheric ozone variability, and to validate the tropospheric ozone measurements of upcoming space-borne missions such as Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring Pollution (TEMPO). The network currently comprises six tropospheric ozone lidars, four of which are mobile instruments deploying to the field a few times per year, based on campaign and science needs. In August 2016, all four mobile TOLNet lidars were brought to the fixed TOLNet site of JPL-Table Mountain Facility for the one-week-long Southern California Ozone Observation Project (SCOOP). This inter-comparison campaign, which included 400 hours of lidar measurements and 18 ozonesondes launches, allowed for the unprecedented simultaneous validation of five of the six TOLNet lidars. For measurements between 3 and 10 km above sea level, a mean difference of 0.7 ppbv (1.7 %), with a root-mean-square deviation of 1.6 ppbv or 2.4 % was found between the lidars and ozonesondes, which is well within the combined uncertainties of the two measurement techniques. The few minor differences identified were typically associated with the known limitations of the lidars at the profiles altitude extremes (i.e., first 1 km above ground and at the instruments highest retrievable altitude). As part of a large homogenization and quality control effort within the network, many aspects of the TOLNet in-house data processing algorithms were also standardized and validated. This thorough validation of both the measurements and retrievals builds confidence in the high quality and reliability of the TOLNet ozone lidar profiles for many years to come, making TOLNet a valuable ground-based reference network for tropospheric ozone profiling.
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine does not Predict Early Access Events in Hemodialysis Patients with Brachiocephalic Fistula Access (2017)

Preoperative ADMA levels, as a surrogate for endothelial cell dysfunction and predictor of adverse access event (thrombosis or stenosis), were not associated with subsequent access events Future studies that identify markers of endothelial cell dysfunction are warranted.
Reduction of anterior glenohumeral dislocations: a new closed reduction technique (2016)

This novel reduction technique is safe demonstrating excellent success rates both for anterior shoulder dislocations and tuberosity fracture-dislocations.
Testing of a 50 kA, 50 kV current interrupter with I/sup 2/t preheating and long recovery voltage (2003)

The Confinement Physics Research Facility (CPRF) is a reversed field pinch (RFP) plasma experiment. An inductive energy transfer system using a 50-kA, 50-kV DC current interrupter is being utilized for initiating the plasma current. The performance requirements had yet to be realized in a reliable switching system, so development of this current-interrupter system was initiated. A switch test bay with a 50-kA battery bank has been built to test the interrupter in conditions which will exist in the CPRF experiment. Many switch parameters were measured to provide information on the current-interrupting characteristics and reliability. Some of these diagnostics include voltage, current, pre- and post-I/sup 2/t contact resistance, opening speed and position, arc voltage, and stem temperature. To determine any long-term changes, all shots and data channels are computer indexed and may be easily recalled for review. Extensive testing was performed on Siemens D-10 vacuum interrupters. Test parameter space included 55 kA, 40 kV (per bottle); di/dt of 2250 A/ mu s, I/sup 2/t of 5*10/sup 9/ A/sup 2/; and 20-kV, 500-ms RC recovery decay. Circuit parameters affect opening reliability. Circuit data and the associated testing results are presented along with long-term trends of switch performance under normal conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Related individuals with different androgen receptor gene deletions. (1993)

We have identified different members of one family affected by androgen insensitivity syndrome who have deletions of different exons of the X-linked androgen receptor (AR) gene. Two affected (XY) siblings have a deletion of exon E of the AR gene and their affected (XY) aunt has a normal exon E, but a deletion of exons F and G of the same gene. The mother and maternal grandmother of the children both carry the exon E deletion, but not the exon F, G deletion. Both deletions are 5 kb in length and have one breakpoint within a 200-bp region in intron 5; however, they extend in opposite directions. The probability that these two different deletions have arisen at random is extremely low, but the cause of this intriguing phenomenon remains to be found.
Electrically Actuatable Smart Nanoporous Membrane for Pulsatile Drug Release (2011)

We report on the fabrication of electrically responsive nanoporous membrane based on polypyrrole doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonate anion (PPy/DBS) that was electropolymerized on the upper part of anodized aluminum oxide membrane. The membrane has regular pore size and very high pore density. Utilizing a large volume change of PPy/DBS depending on electrochemical state, the pore size was acutated electrically. The actuation of the pores was experimentally confirmed by in situ atomic force microscopy and in situ flux measurement. We also demonstrated successfully pulsatile (or on-demand) drug release by using fluorescently labeled protein as a model drug. Because of a fast switching time (less than 10 s) and high flux of the drugs, this membrane could be used for emergency therapy of angina pectoris and migraine, which requires acute and on-demand drug delivery, and hormone-related disease and metabolic syndrome.
The Use of Gas-Phase UV Spectra in the 168−330-nm Wavelength Region for Analytical Purposes. 1. Qualitative Measurements (1998)

A novel instrument, which combines gas chromatographic separation with ultraviolet detection, has been employed in the qualitative study of molecular UV absorption spectra in the gas phase. The wavelength range available with the current instrument made studies in the region of 168-330 nm possible. The absorption spectra between 168 and 330 nm for ∼1000 organic compounds and a number of inorganic gases were registered. For all the spectra recorded, 69% showed absorption maxima shorter than 190 nm, and as much as 87% shorter than 200 nm. This indicates the importance of the short UV wavelength region for analytical purposes. The results showed that each compound studied gave rise to unique absorption spectra. The influence of temperature on the shape of the spectra was studied in the range of 15-205 °C. A slight broadening effect on spectral absorption bands (0.3 nm) and the vibrational structure (maximally 1.4 nm) with increased temperature was observed. However, this effect was shown to have no influence on the analytical results. In the vast majority of cases, where structural isomers were investigated, there were clear differences between the recorded spectra. Compounds with the same functional group showed pronounced similarities. The influence of conjugation and various substituents could be demonstrated. A commercial computer program was used for a computer search of unknowns against the recorded reference spectra. This showed that the gas-phase UV spectra are very well defined and that a search always resulted in a very close agreement, even if concentrations and chromatographic conditions were different between the recording of reference and unknown. When a search was performed on a compound not present in the library, the result pointed out the correct class of compounds.
Dipolar Dibenzothiophene S,S‐Dioxide Derivatives Containing Diarylamine: Materials for Single‐Layer Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2006)

Dipolar compounds for use in simplified, single-layer organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) containing a dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxide core and two peripheral diarylamines are synthesized. These materials exhibit bipolar carrier-transport properties, and efficient single-layer electroluminescent devices (see Figure; ITO: indium tin oxide) using these materials are demonstrated. These compounds may lead to devices with performances comparable to multilayer ones at lower costs.