gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calcium Overload in Selectively Vulnerable Neurons of the Hippocampus during and after Ischemia: An Electron Microscopy Study in the Rat (1984)

Light and electron microscopy has been used to study the cytopathological changes in the rat hippocampus directly after a 30-min period of forebrain ischemia and after 30 or 120 min of reperfusion. The fine structural localization of calcium has been demonstrated using the oxalate/pyroantimonate procedure. Cellular changes considered typical of ischemia (swelling of astrocytic processes, distention of mitochondria, condensation of cytoplasm, "ischemic cell change") are most prominent after 30 min of reperfusion. At this time, dense calcium pyroantimonate deposits are evident in swollen mitochondria in pyramidal and hilar neurons. After 120 min of reperfusion, substantial restitution has occurred; most mitochondria appear normal and there are few calcium deposits. However, a small number of selectively vulnerable neurons (hilar and pyramidal neurons) show dense condensation (ischemic cell change) with multiple vacuoles containing calcium deposits. The role of excessive calcium entry and mitochondrial calcium overload during the reperfusion period in determining the death of selectively vulnerable neurons is discussed.
The Growth of, and the Formation of Grain Boundaries in, Cu2 S  Films Grown on Faceted Single Crystal CdS Substrates (1980)

It is shown that large angle grain boundaries are formed in the film at the intersection of adjacent prismatic planes and that small angle grain boundaries are formed at the intersection of adjacent prismatic and non‐prismatic planes and at the intersection of a nonprismatic plane with the basal plane. The large angle grains are formed because the orthorhombic c‐axis is at most a 2‐fold axis whereas the axis is a 6‐fold axis. It is shown that the open‐circuit voltage is reduced in the vicinity of these grain boundaries. The small angle grain boundaries form because the effective c/a axis of is different than the c/a axis of so that the is distorted when it is made to conform with the substrate. The open‐circuit voltage in the vicinity of these grain boundaries did not noticeably decrease. It is also shown that the growth rate and morphology of the films depend on the orientation and morphology of the substrate.
In Defense of Pseudo-Labeling: An Uncertainty-Aware Pseudo-label Selection Framework for Semi-Supervised Learning (2021)

The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to generate for all data modalities. Pseudo-labeling (PL) is a general SSL approach that does not have this constraint but performs relatively poorly in its original formulation. We argue that PL underperforms due to the erroneous high confidence predictions from poorly calibrated models; these predictions generate many incorrect pseudo-labels, leading to noisy training. We propose an uncertainty-aware pseudo-label selection (UPS) framework which improves pseudo labeling accuracy by drastically reducing the amount of noise encountered in the training process. Furthermore, UPS generalizes the pseudo-labeling process, allowing for the creation of negative pseudo-labels; these negative pseudo-labels can be used for multi-label classification as well as negative learning to improve the single-label classification. We achieve strong performance when compared to recent SSL methods on the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets. Also, we demonstrate the versatility of our method on the video dataset UCF-101 and the multi-label dataset Pascal VOC.
Identification of Human Intestinal Microbiota of 92 Men by Data Mining for 5 Characteristics, <i>i.e.</i>, Age, BMI, Smoking Habit, Cessation Period of Previous Smokers and Drinking Habit (2013)

The intestinal microbiota compositions of 92 men living in Japan were identified following consumption of identical meals for 3 days. Fecal samples were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism with 4 primer-restriction enzyme systems, and the 120 obtained operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were analyzed by Data mining software focusing on the following 5 characteristics, namely, age, body mass index, present smoking habit, cessation period of previous smokers and drinking habit, according to the answers of the subjects. After performing Data mining analyses with each characteristic, the details of the constructed Decision trees precisely identified the subjects or discriminated them into various suitable groups. Through the pathways to reach the groups, practical roles of the related OTUs and their quantities were clearly recognized. Compared with the other identification methods for OTUs such as bicluster analyses, correlation coefficients and principal component analyses, the clear difference of this Data mining technique was that it set aside most OTUs and emphasized only some closely related ones. For example for a selected characteristic, such as smoking habit, only 7 OTUs out of 120 were able to identify all smokers, and the remaining 113 OTUs were thought of as data noise for smoking. Data mining analyses were affirmed as an effective method of subject discrimination for various physiological constitutions. The species of bacteria that were closely related to heavy smokers, i.e., HaeIII-291, were also discussed.
Lowering the lasing threshold of distributed feedback lasers with loss (2015)

We study laser generation in one-dimensional distributed feedback lasers with amplifying and lossy layers. We show that when the lasing frequency differs from the transition frequencies of the amplifying medium, loss induced lasing may occur due to the broadening of the resonator mode with increasing loss in the absorbing layers. This broadening leads to a shift in the lasing frequency towards the transition frequency. As a result, the cavity mode interaction with the amplifying medium is enhanced, and the lasing threshold is lowered.
Contribution of Deregulated miRNAs to the Phenotypic Characteristic of Hodgkin Lymphoma. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 265 In Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), the Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells are a minority of large mono- or multi-nucleated B cells characterized by a loss of B cell phenotype, constitutive NF-kB activation, a disturbed cell cycle and anti-apoptotic features. In this study we investigated the role of deregulated miRNA expression in the pathogenesis of HL. MiRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) in HL tissue was performed to determine expression of miRNAs previously reported to be highly abundant in HL cell lines, in HRS cells. Next we identified the miRNA-targetome of two HL cell lines by immunoprecipitation of RISC in untransfected and transfected cell lines. miRNA ISH confirmed expression of miR-17-5p, miR-24, miR-106a, miR-146a, miR-150, miR-155, miR-181b and miR-210 in HRS cells. Ago2-immunoprecipitation followed by microarray analysis of the co-immunoprecipitated mRNA revealed that the miRNA-targetome of HL comprises of about 2,500 genes. Inhibition of the anti-miR-17 seed family revealed that about 500 of these genes are regulated by miRNAs of the miR-17 seed family. Gene ontology (GO) analysis for the total miRNA-targetome of HL showed a significant enrichment of genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, immune system development and NF-kB cascade. The miRNA-targetome of HL contained several genes known to be mutated in HRS cells, including A20, FAS, NFKB1A, NFKB1E, PERP and SOCS1. Also, using previously reported gene expression data, we defined a set of genes downregulated in HL cell lines (L428 and L1236) compared to germinal center B cells (GCB) and compared them to the miRNA-targetome of the same cell lines. This resulted in the identification of 149 genes in L428 and 183 genes in L1236 that were subjected to miRNA mediated repression. Unexpectedly, only a few of all the reported inactivated genes in HRS cells that might contribute to loss of B cell phenotype (MYBL1 and CXCR4) were found to be regulated by miRNAs in HL. In conclusion, we confirmed the expression of miRNAs in the HRS cells of HL tissue and identified miRNA repressed genes in HL. Our data indicated that aberrant miRNA expression contributes to the deregulation of apoptosis, cell cycle, and NF-kB pathways but not loss of B cell phenotype in HL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Electrolysis-based diaphragm actuators (2006)

This work presents a new electrolysis-based microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) diaphragm actuator. Electrolysis is a technique for converting electrical energy to pneumatic energy. Theoretically electrolysis can achieve a strain of 136 000% and is capable of generating a pressure above 200 MPa. Electrolysis actuators require modest electrical power and produce minimal heat. Due to the large volume expansion obtained via electrolysis, small actuators can create a large force. Up to 100 µm of movement was achieved by a 3 mm diaphragm. The actuator operates at room temperature and has a latching and reversing capability.
PLASMA HCG LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH BLEEDING IN THE FIRST AND SECOND TRIMESTERS OF PREGNANCY (1979)

Summary The prognostic value of maternal plasma human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) determinations, measured by a specific β‐subunit radioimmunoassay, was studied in 188 patients with bleeding between 6 and 20 weeks gestation. The patients were arranged into different subgroups according to ultrasound findings as well as clinical and histopathological evidence. In threatened abortion with successful outcome (50 per cent of all patients studied), the weekly mean hCG values were normal or even slightly elevated. In patients with a blighted ovum, the first hCG level measured was in the normal range in 34 per cent of the patients. In patients who aborted embryo with former life signs, hCG values were generally normal before the abortion. The hCG levels were usually low in patients with incomplete abortion and ectopic pregnancy. An initially subnormal level of hCG was associated with a poor outcome of pregnancy in 92 per cent of patients. If the first hCG level was within the normal range the outcome of pregnancy was favourable in 79 percent of patients.
Adapter correction in the measurement of two-port devices (1988)

After an automatic network analyzer has been calibrated at its primary connectors, the full scattering matrices of adapters can be found with two known reflection standards in the secondary connector system. In coaxial systems, the standards can advantageously be a matched load and two 'half standards'-a short for phase and an open circuit for magnitude. The method is applicable to noninsertable devices, waveguides, and novel transmission lines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Laser material processing in microelectronics manufacturing: status and near-term opportunities (2005)

Lasers continue to gain ground in materials processing applications for microelectronics manufacturing. Printed circuit boards, IC wafers, substrates for blue/green LEDs, and various components in flat panel displays are all being processed with lasers. Some of these operations, such as microvia drilling in high-density circuit boards, are well established; others are under evaluation or in early stages of development. This paper summarizes the status of a number of key applications that currently or potentially add value to the complex manufacturing processes for state-of-the-art microelectronic devices. Particular attention is paid to flat panel display manufacturing, where the worldwide massproduction ramp currently underway is demanding innovative techniques that provide the speed, quality, or flexibility needed to reduce manufacturing costs.
A Successful Experience for Fiber Optic and Water Shut Off on Horizontal Wells with Slotted Liner Completion in an Extra Heavy Oil Field (2004)

Abstract Identifying the water producing section of a horizontal well completed with a slotted liner in Extra Heavy Oil (EHO) proves by itself to be a challenge. Being able to isolate that same interval and selectively injecting a water shut off treatment is even more challenging. To properly isolate the selected section, the annulars (open hole / slotted liner) above and below must be sealed; those annular may or may not be filled with formation sand. This paper describes the water shut off experience in the Sincor Field in an EHO environment. Initially, the water producing interval was identified through the use of temperature measurements performed with a fiber optic. Then the zone to be treated was isolated using cement rings placed in the annulus, combined with the use of cement retainers. Following the isolation of the zone, a gel solution that polymerizes in situ followed by a tail slurry of micro-matrix cement were selectively injected. The idea behind the treatment is to create an impermeable barrier to the unwanted water production coming from the end of the well. The well treated had an initial water cut of 85%, and after the treatment the water cut was decreased to almost zero and the oil production boosted up by a 250%, compared to hydrated production period. Additionally, the final well productivity index (PI) indicates that the treatment effectively treated only the selected section. In horizontal wells and EHO environment, the fiber optic tool proved to be a simple and reliable technology to assess the water production zone along the drain. An associated water shut off operation using cement and gel may then be implemented to reduce the water cut and to increase significantly the oil production rate.
Nucleotide sequences of normal and rearranged RNA segments 10 of human rotaviruses (1992)

Normal and rearranged RNA segments 10 of group A rotaviruses isolated from a chronically infected immunodeficient child were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction as full-length cDNA copies, and were subsequently cloned and sequenced. Compared with the nucleotide sequence of the normal RNA segment 10, the rearranged form contains a partial non-coding duplication at its 3' end and several point mutations. The normal RNA segment 10 was similar to that of bovine rotavirus.
An initial biochemical and cell biological characterization of the mammalian homologue of a central plant developmental switch, COP1 (2002)

Our data suggest that mammalian COP1, similar to its plant homologue, may play a role in ubiquitination. Mammalian COP1 contains a classic leucine-rich NES and a novel bipartite NLS bridged by a RING finger domain. We propose a working model in which the COP1 RING finger functions as a structural scaffold to bring two clusters of positive-charged residues within spatial proximity to mimic a bipartite NLS. Therefore, in addition to its well-characterized role in ubiquitination, the RING finger domain may also play a structural role in nuclear import.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5,6‐Disubstituted Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines from 4‐Chloropyrimidines. (2012)

Abstract The synthesis of thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines like (V) and (XII) involves introduction of a carbonyl group at position 5 of the pyrimidine ring, sulfuration at position 6, and subsequent cyclocondensation with alkyl bromides.
<title>Integration of electronic circuits with light modulators and lasers using direct bonding techniques for smart pixel applications</title> (1995)

The integration of electronic logic and processing circuits of various complexity with sensing and actuating elements is needed for the realization of 'Smart' structures. Direct bonding techniques relies on topotoaxial integration of two dissimilar materials, one in thin film and the other in bulk forms. These techniques can deliver new smart structures by combining sensing and/or actuation components with high complexity logic circuits while preserving their performance. Integration of ferroelectric ceramics, multiple quantum well modulators and lasers with Si and GaAs electronic circuits is already demonstrated. Potential future implementation of the direct bonding technique will include the bonding of various electronic circuits to nonplanar, flexible and deformable substrates and combination with micromechanical structures.
Gadopentetate Dimeglumine Clearance in Renal Insufficiency in Rabbits (1990)

The total body clearance of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) was evaluated in 17 normal rabbits and 11 rabbits with renal insufficiency induced by angioinfarction. Serial measurements of the serum spin lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) were compared with actual gadolinium concentrations as determined by mass spectroscopy. Gadopentetate dimeglumine concentrations measured by both mass spectroscopy and magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry decreased by two logs in both normals and rabbits with renal impairment by 24 hours and were highly correlated with each other (r = .98). The estimated total body clearance of gadopentetate dimeglumine was 14.1 +/- 0.56 cc/minute for the normal animals and 3.78 +/- 0.19 cc/minute for the impaired rabbits. These results indicate that gadopentetate dimeglumine is excreted rapidly, usually within 24 hours, even in the presence of renal insufficiency.
Comparison and Evaluation of Two Immobilization Techniques for Task Specific Onium Salts (TSOS) in Mizoroki‐Heck Cross Coupling Reactions. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stone-Mode Ultrasound for Determining Renal Stone Size (2016)

S-mode offers improved visualization and sizing of renal stones. With S-mode, sizing of the stone itself and the posterior acoustic shadow were similarly accurate. Stones that do not shadow are most likely <5 mm and small enough to pass spontaneously.
Genetic regulation of the kinetics of glucose‐induced insulin release in man Studies in families with diabetic and non‐diabetic probands (1985)

Insulin release and sensitivity were estimated from glucose and insulin curves obtained at a glucose infusion test performed on altogether 601 subjects belonging to 155 nuclear families. Ascertainment was through one of the parents, and 96 of the probands had diabetes with clinical onset after the age of 30 years, while 59 were healthy subjects. Three variables obtained by a computer model were analysed, i.e. the glucose regulation of insulin release by a direct stimulatory event (KI) and time-dependent modulatory events (KP) as well as insulin sensitivity (KG). Complex segregation analysis revealed that the variables are genetically regulated, but there was no evidence for a major locus. The children of the diabetics did not differ from those of the non-diabetics as far as insulin release is concerned.
Silencing the expression of multiple Gβ-subunits eliminates signaling mediated by all four families of G proteins (2005)

The Gbetagamma-subunit complex derived from heterotrimeric G proteins can act to regulate the function of a variety of protein targets. We established lentiviral-based RNA interference in J774A.1 mouse macrophages to characterize the role of Gbeta in G protein-coupled receptor signaling. The expression of Gbeta1 and Gbeta2, the major subtypes present in J774A.1 cells, was eliminated by sequential treatment with small hairpin RNA expressing lentivirus. These betagamma complex-deficient cells lost the ability to respond to G protein-mediated signals. Chemotaxis and the phosphorylation of Akt in response to C5a were both blocked. Similarly, C5a-mediated actin polymerization, C5a- and UTP-stimulated intracellular calcium mobilization, and the stimulation of cAMP formation by isoproterenol were all eliminated in the absence of the Gbeta-subunits. In addition, stabilization and membrane localization of several Galpha- and Ggamma-subunit proteins was strongly effected. Furthermore, in DNA microarray analysis, regulation of gene expression stimulated by prostaglandin E2 and UTP was not observed in cells lacking Gbeta-subunits. In contrast, phagocytotic activity, serum-dependent cell growth and the patterns of gene expression induced by stimulating the Toll receptors with LPS were similar in wild-type cells and small hairpin RNA-containing cells. Thus, ablation of the Gbeta-subunits destabilized Galpha- and Ggamma-subunits and effectively eliminated G protein-mediated signaling responses. Unrelated ligand regulated pathways remained intact. These cells provide a system that can be used to study signaling in the absence of most G protein-mediated functions.
Case Series: Unilateral Amygdala Ablation Ameliorates Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Biomarkers (2020)

These observations support the emerging hypothesis that the right amygdala particularly perpetuates the signs and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and suggests that focal unilateral amydalohippocampotomy can provide therapeutic benefit.
Progenitors and Precursors of Neurons and Glial Cells (2008)

The central nervous system is an orderly, highly complicated structure comprising neurons and glia. These cells trace back to neuroepithelial stem cells of the ventricular zone. The creation of differentiated neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes and their progenitors/precursors proceeds through extensive phases of proliferation, lineage specification, and long distance migration. This chapter briefly summarizes the current knowledge about these milestones in the developing central nervous system.
On prefilter computation for reduced-state equalization (2002)

In advanced time-division multiple-access (TDMA) mobile communications systems, reduced-state equalization algorithms have to be employed because high-level modulation is used in order to improve spectral efficiency. Reduced-state equalizers yield only high performance, if the overall discrete-time system to be equalized is minimum-phase. Therefore, in general, a discrete-time prefilter has to be inserted in front of equalization. For prefilter computation, several approaches are investigated in this paper. For the finite impulse response (FIR) prefilter case, which seems to be more relevant for practical applications than the in finite impulse response case, we discuss a method based on minimum mean-squared error decision-feedback equalization and a novel approach based on linear prediction (LP). The LP method seems to be very robust and requires an only moderate amount of computational complexity. Here, the prefilter consists of the cascade of a channel-matched filter and a prediction-error filter, which may be viewed as a finite-length approximation to the noise whitening part of the ideal prefilter transfer function. A key observation of the paper is that the proposed cascaded structure enables a very efficient prefilter computation because a prediction-error filter can be calculated via the Levinson-Durbin algorithm. Simulation results are given, which demonstrate that the performance of reduced-state equalization with proper FIR prefiltering is close to that of equalization combined with ideal all-pass prefiltering. Furthermore, it is shown that high performance can be obtained for TDMA mobile communications systems, if the LP scheme is employed for prefiltering.
Limitation of LoRaWAN in the Smart HSE System for Shipbuilding and Onshore Plant (2018)

We introduce smart HSE(Health, Safety and Environment) system for shipbuilding and onshore plants. HSE system for shipbuilding marine industry should be optimized for shipbuilding marine industry characteristics and work environment. For this purpose, the smart HSE system for the shipbuilding industry was designed and developed based on the derived core technology. In this paper, we introduce our HSE system and the limitation of current communication method.