gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The design and development status of the cryogenic receiver for the EXoplanet Climate Infrared TELescope (EXCITE) (2022)

The EXoplanet Climate Infrared TElescope (EXCITE) is an instrument dedicated to measuring spectroscopic phase curves of extrasolar giant planets. EXCITE will carry a moderate resolution near-infrared spectrograph and will fly on a long duration balloon mission. We give an overview of the mechanical and thermal design and development status of the EXCITE cryogenic receiver. Active cooling for the EXCITE cryostat is provided by two linear pulse-tube cryocoolers. We discuss cryocooler thermal performance, integration of the spectrometer and detector, and the mounting scheme that attaches the cryostat to the backplate of the telescope. To reject heat power from the cryocoolers, gravity-assisted copper-methanol thermosyphons will maintain cryocooler temperatures within 20 ◦C of ambient temperature during operation. We discuss the results of preliminary thermal modeling of the thermosyphons as well as performance testing of a prototype built for in-lab verification.
Periventricular Lucency in Computed Tomography of Hydrocephalus and Cerebral Atrophy (1980)

Periventricular lucency was evaluated in the computed tomography scans of a large group of patients with hypertensive and normal pressure hydrocephalus as well as cerebral atrophy. It is confirmed that periventricular lucency is most prominent in cases of acute obstructive hydrocephalus in which the periventricular density profile pattern is often linear and steep. This linear profile is due to the disappearance of the ventricular wall as an effective barrier at the level of the superolateral angle of the frontal horn. The features of the periventricular lucency in chronic hydrocephalus (hyper- and normotensive) and cerebral atrophy are presented and discussed in detail.
Adenosine Inhibits TNFα-Induced MMP-3 Production in MH7A RA Synoviocytes via A2A Receptor Signaling (2021)

Abstract Adenosine is the effector molecule; however, the contributions of synoviocyte adenosine receptors (AdoRs) are unknown, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) is released by fibroblast-like synoviocytes in response to inflammatory signaling. To elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of methotrexate, we investigated the effects of A2A AdoR activation and inhibition on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa)-induced MMP-3 release by MH7A human rheumatoid synovial cells. MH7A cells constitutively expressed membrane-associated A2A AdoRs, and HENECA enhanced intracellular cAMP. Stimulation with TNFa markedly enhanced release of MMP-3 from MH7A cells, whereas HENECA partially and dose-dependently inhibited TNFa-evoked MMP-3 release. Similarly, dbcAMP partially inhibited TNFa-induced MMP-3 release. Pretreatment with ZM241385 reversed the inhibitory effects of HENECA. Further, TNFa induced p38 MAPK and ATF-2 phosphorylation, whereas HENECA suppressed p38 MAPK and ATF-2 phosphorylation. We concluded that adenosine signaling via A2A AdoRs, adenylyl cyclase, and cAMP reduces TNFa-induced MMP-3 production by interfering with p38 MAPK/ATF-2 activity. Activation of A2A AdoR pathway and suppression of MMP-3 release may explain the antirheumatic effects of methotrexate.
Modifiye altın nanoparçacıkların fare hipokampal kesitlerindeki nöronal fonksiyonlar üzerine etkileri (2019)

Amaç: Altın nanoparçacık (AuNP) modifikasyonlarının sinir sistemi fonksiyonunu nasıl etkileyebileceği tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada, AuNp’lerin glikoz (GlikozAuNp), oligonükleotid (15 baz, d(A)15AuNP) veya peptid (negatif amino asit içeren, AspAuNp) ile işlevselleştirilmiş formlarının fare hipokampal nöronları üzerindeki biyoelektriksel etkisinin ex vivo olarak araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: AuNP modifikasyonları UV/Vis spektroskopi, Dinamik Işık Saçılması (DLS) ve Geçirimli Elektron Mikroskobu (TEM) ile karakterize edildi ve ex vivo olarak 4-6 haftalık Balb-c erkek farelerin beyin hipokampüs bölgelerinden alınan kesitlere eklendi, spontan ve uyarılmış aksiyon potansiyelleri (AP) yama kıskacı, tüm hücre tekniği ile kaydedildi. Spontan AP’lerinin en büyük genlik değeri, yükselen eğimi, yarı genişliği, iki pik arasında geçen süre ve ateşleme hızı analiz edildi. Bulgular: Karakterizasyon sonuçları AuNP’lerin yüzey modifikasyonlarının 5-7 nm çapında ve koloidal olduğunu gösterdi. Spontan AP’lerin ateşleme hızı GlikozAuNp (n=9) gurubunda, kontrol (n=9), AspAuNp (n=6) ve d(A)15AuNP (n=9) eklenen gruplara göre en fazla olarak ölçüldü (sırasıyla 10.1±5.5 4.4±3.2 9.5±3.8 ve 6.2±3.0 pik/s, p&amp;gt;0.05). Ek olarak, uyarılmış AP’lerin özelliklerini yansıtan akım voltaj (I-V) analizinde, GlikozAuNp (n=8) gurubunun akım uyarılarına ((-150)–(+150 pA)) cevaben oluşturdukları membran potansiyelleri kontrol (n=8) ve d(A)15AuNP (n=9) gruplarının cevabına göre negatif akım bölgesinde negatife, pozitif akım uyarısı bölgesinde pozitife kaydı. Sonuç: Medikal uygulamalarda kullanılacak AuNP’lerin yüzey modifikasyonlarının hipokampal nöronların AP’lerinin ateşleme hızını arttırarak, patolojik koşulları tetikleyebilecekleri ve daha biyouyumlu formların belirlenmesi gerektiği önerilebilir.
Sliding Mode Control with Parameter Adaptation for a Class of Cable Feed System (2007)

To overcome the strong nonlinearity and big lag of a class of cable feed system and improve its robustness against wind disturbance, sliding mode control with parameter adaptation is proposed. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, a MIMO sliding mode control law is derived with the linear model of the plant. The modeling error and wind force are considered as external disturbances that are estimated and compensated on line with parameter adaptation. A series simulation is finished with the parameters of a 50 meter scaled model of Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope. The results show that the tracking error is reduced significantly and the robustness of system is improved with the proposed controller than that with traditional PID controller.
Silicon Diodes as Protective Meter Shunts (1958)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. S. Penfold, E. L. Garwin; Silicon Diodes as Protective Meter Shunts. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 March 1958; 29 (3): 252–253. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1716169 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
TEM Microstructure Investigation of Si/Ge Superlattice Exhibiting 1.55 μm Photoluminescence at Room Temperature (2003)

Journal Article TEM Microstructure Investigation of Si/Ge Superlattice Exhibiting 1.55 μm Photoluminescence at Room Temperature Get access ND Zakharov, ND Zakharov Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar VG Talalaev, VG Talalaev Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), GermanySt.Petersburg State University, 198504 Petrodvorets, St.Petersburg, Russia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GE Cirlin, GE Cirlin Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), GermanyIoffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Polytichnicheskaya 26, 194021 St.Petersburg, RussiaInstitute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Rizhsky 26, 198103 St.Petersburg, Russia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Tonkikh, A Tonkikh Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), GermanyIoffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Polytichnicheskaya 26, 194021 St.Petersburg, Russia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Werner P Werner Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S03, 1 September 2003, Pages 282–283, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603023407 Published: 05 September 2003
The influence of chain-branching on the steric outcome of some olefin-forming reactions (1980)

When applied to the construction of internal disubstituted double bonds in compounds such as pentadec-7-ene and 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,8,10,14-pentaene (5), the reductive elimination of vicinal benzoyloxy-sulphones gives products with a trans : cis ratio of ca. 4 : 1. When applied to the construction of disubstituted olefins in which branching occurs adjacent to the newly formed double bond, much higher trans-stereoselectivity is observed, e.g, for 5-ethyl-2-methylhept-3-ene (21) and 3,6-dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene (25) it is at least 98%. A similar effect of chain-branching is also observed in some Wittig and Homer reactions using primary allylic phosphorus derivatives. When a Z-allylic sulphone is used as the starting material in the benzoyloxy-sulphone method, the original Z-geometry is preserved in the product; (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enyl p-tolyl sulphone and tiglic aldehyde give almost exclusively (2E,4E,6Z)-3,6-dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene (27).
Imaging of near-borehole structure using full-waveform sonic data (1989)

Abstract The full waveforms recorded by an array of receivers in a modern borehole sonic tool contain secondary arrivals that are reflected from near-borehole structural features. These arrivals are used to form an image of the near-borehole structural features in a manner similar to seismic migration. Possible uses of this technique include horizontal well logging; structural dip and contour determination; fault, salt dome, pinnacle reef, and fracture zone imaging; and EOR steam-flood monitoring.Since both the source and the receivers pass through structures that cross the borehole, the downdip structure and the updip structure can be imaged separately. The technique involves a backprojection of the recorded data into a matrix of accumulation bins representing distances radially out from the borehole and along the borehole axis. Separate matrices are formed for the updip and for the downdip raypaths. The basic technique is illustrated with synthetic data, generated to approximate the case of a sonic tool logging through a dipping bed boundary.Results are shown for a borehole experiment performed in Alaska. The data were acquired with a research sonic prototype tool and specially recorded with a long acquisition time--20 ms per trace instead of the normal 5 ms. This longer acquisition time enabled the acquisition of scattered P and S arrivals to be recorded after most of the direct signal had died out.Images are shown of near-borehole structural features to a distance of 18 m from the borehole. The images are presented against an independently derived formation lithology analysis and a high-resolution synthetic seismic display computed from the measured density and slowness logs.
Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Mechanism of Persistent Organic Pollutant Uptake and Detoxification in Cucurbit Species (Zucchini and Squash) (2010)

Cucurbita pepo ssp pepo (zucchini) roots phytoextract significant amounts of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from soil, followed by effective translocation to aboveground tissues. The closely related C. pepo ssp ovifera (squash) does not have this ability. In a DDE-contaminated field soil, zucchini roots and stems contained 3.6 and 6.6-fold greater contaminant than did squash tissues, respectively, and zucchini phytoextracted 12-times more DDE from soil than squash. In batch hydroponics, squash was significantly more sensitive to DDE (2-20 mg/L) exposure; 4 mg/L DDE significantly reduced squash biomass (14%) whereas for zucchini, biomass reductions were observed at 20 mg/L (20%). PCR select Suppression Subtraction Hybridization was used to identify differentially expressed genes in DDE treated zucchini relative to DDE treated squash or non-treated zucchini. After differential screening to eliminate false positives, unique cDNA clones were sequenced. Out of 40 shoot cDNA sequences, 34 cDNAs have homology to parts of phloem filament protein 1 (PP1). Out of 6 cDNAs from the root tissue, two cDNAs are similar to cytochrome P450 like proteins, and one cDNA matches a putative senescence associated protein. From the DDE exposed zucchini seedlings cDNA library, out of 22 differentially expressed genes, 14 cDNAs were found to have homology with genes involved in abiotic stresses, signaling, lipid metabolism, and photosynthesis. A large number of cDNA sequences were found to encode novel unknown proteins that may be involved in uncharacterized pathways of DDE metabolism in plants. A semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of isolated genes confirmed up-regulation in response to DDE exposure.
Stereochemistry of the .alpha.-sulfinyl phenylmethyl carbanion. Reevaluation of the configuration (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of the .alpha.-sulfinyl phenylmethyl carbanion. Reevaluation of the configurationKaoru Nakamura, Masato Higaki, Shinichi Adachi, Shinzaburo Oka, and Atsuyoshi OhnoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 8, 1414–1417Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00384a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00384a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Note on the Anomalous Physical Properties of Processed Atmospheric Nitrogen (1948)

First Page
Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity and protect health (2021)

\n Contains fulltext :\n 237549.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
The cardiac arrest centre for the treatment of sudden cardiac arrest due to presumed cardiac cause: aims, function, and structure: position paper of the ACVC association of the ESC, EAPCI, EHRA, ERC, EUSEM, and ESICM (2020)

Abstract Approximately 10% of patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survive to hospital discharge. Improved management to improve outcomes are required, and it is proposed that such patients should be preferentially treated in cardiac arrest centres (CACs). The minimum requirements of therapy modalities for the CAC are 24/7 availability of an on-site coronary angiography laboratory, an emergency department, an intensive care unit, imaging facilities, such as echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and a protocol outlining transfer of selected patients to CACs with additional resources (OHCA hub hospitals). These hub hospitals are regularly treating a high volume of patients and offer further treatment modalities. This consensus document describes the aims, the minimal requirements for therapeutic modalities and expertise, and the structure, of a CAC. It represents a consensus among the major European medical associations and societies involved in the treatment of OHCA patients.
CYP2B6 genotype-directed dosing is required for optimal efavirenz exposure in children 3–36 months with HIV infection (2017)

CYP2B6 G516T genotype strongly influences EFV exposures in this age group. Genotype-directed dosing yields therapeutic EFV concentrations and appears to outperform other dosing approaches.
Handbook of sputter deposition technology : fundamentals and applications for functional thin films, nanomaterials and MEMS (2012)

This thoroughly updated new edition includes an entirely new team of contributing authors with backgrounds specializing in the various new applications of sputtering technology. It forms a bridge between fundamental theory and practical application, giving an insight into innovative new materials, devices and systems. Organized into three parts for ease of use, this Handbook introduces the fundamentals of thin films and sputtering deposition, explores the theory and practices of this field, and also covers new technology such as nano-functional materials and MEMS. Wide varieties of functional thin film materials and processing are described, and experimental data is provided with detailed examples and theoretical descriptions. A strong applications focus, covering current and emerging technologies, including nano-materials and MEMS (microelectrolmechanical systems) for energy, environments, communications, and/or bio-medical field. New chapters on computer simulation of sputtering and MEMS completes the update and insures that the new edition includes the most current and forward-looking coverage available. All applications discussed are supported by theoretical discussions, offering readers both the how and the why of each technique. 40 per cent revision: the new edition includes an entirely new team of contributing authors with backgrounds specializing in the various new applications that are covered in the book and providing the most up-to-date coverage available anywhere.
Investigation of isomer formation upon coordination of bifunctional histidine analogues with 99mTc/Re(CO)3 (2012)

Histidine is a convenient tridentate chelator used in the synthesis of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals, as it can be pendantly attached to a biomolecule for molecular imaging applications. Once coordinated, it forms a neutral complex that is capable of forming diastereomers at the alpha amine of the histidine. This is demonstrated through the synthesis and characterization of four different histidine chelators; three small molecule chelators, which consist of a benzylated histidine at the alpha amine, and one modified dipeptide, containing a phenylalanine derivative at the C-terminus and a histidine at the N-terminus. Upon rhenium coordination, two products are observed, each having the desired exact mass of the metal-containing species. The two products have been characterized through LC-MS, (1)H, gCOSY, NOESY and ROESY NMR experiments, and the relative stereochemistry determined. The implications of diastereomer formation when using this chelation system for creating molecular imaging agents is also discussed.
Critical redundant functions of the adapters Grb2 and Gads in platelet (hem)ITAM signaling in mice (2020)

Platelets are essential for normal hemostasis; however, pathological conditions can also trigger unwanted platelet activation precipitating thrombosis and ischemic damage of vital organs such as the heart or brain. <i>Glycoprotein</i> (GP)VI- and <i>C-type lectin-like receptor 2</i> (CLEC-2)-mediated (hem)<i>immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif</i> (ITAM) signaling represents a major pathway for platelet activation. The two members of the <i>Growth-factor receptor-bound protein 2</i> (Grb2) family of adapter proteins expressed in platelets - Grb2 and <i>Grb2-related adapter protein downstream of Shc</i> (Gads) - are part of the hem(ITAM) signaling cascade by forming an adapter protein complex with <i>linker for activation of T cells</i> (LAT). To date, a possible functional redundancy between these two adapters in platelet activation has not been investigated. We here generated megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific Grb2/Gads <i>double knockout</i> (DKO) mice and analyzed their platelet function in vitro and in vivo. The DKO platelets exhibited virtually abolished (hem)ITAM signaling whereas only partial defects were seen in Grb2 or Gads single-deficient platelets. This was based on impaired phosphorylation of key molecules in the (hem)ITAM signaling cascade and translated into impaired hemostasis and partially defective arterial thrombosis, thereby exceeding the defects in either Grb2 KO or Gads KO mice. Despite this severe (hem)ITAM signaling defect, CLEC-2 dependent regulation of blood-lymphatic vessel separation was not affected in the DKO animals. These results provide direct evidence for critically redundant roles of Grb2 and Gads for platelet function in hemostasis and thrombosis, but not development.
An information-theoretic cryptanalysis of network coding - is protecting the code enough? (2008)

We consider the issue of confidentiality in multicast network coding, by assuming that the encoding matrices, based upon variants of random linear network coding, are given only to the source and sinks. Based on this assumption, we provide a characterization of the mutual information between the encoded data and the two elements that can lead to information disclosure: the matrices of random coefficients and, naturally, the original data itself. Our results, some of which hold even with finite block lengths, show that, predicated on optimal source-coding, information-theoretic security is achievable for any field size without loss in terms of decoding probability. It follows that protecting the encoding matrix is generally sufficient to ensure confidentiality of network coded data.
Antifreeze protein-induced superheating of ice inside Antarctic notothenioid fishes inhibits melting during summer warming (2014)

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) of polar marine teleost fishes are widely recognized as an evolutionary innovation of vast adaptive value in that, by adsorbing to and inhibiting the growth of internalized environmental ice crystals, they prevent death by inoculative freezing. Paradoxically, systemic accumulation of AFP-stabilized ice could also be lethal. Whether or how fishes eliminate internal ice is unknown. To investigate if ice inside high-latitude Antarctic notothenioid fishes could melt seasonally, we measured its melting point and obtained a decadal temperature record from a shallow benthic fish habitat in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. We found that AFP-stabilized ice resists melting at temperatures above the expected equilibrium freezing/melting point (eqFMP), both in vitro and in vivo. Superheated ice was directly observed in notothenioid serum samples and in solutions of purified AFPs, and ice was found to persist inside live fishes at temperatures more than 1 °C above their eqFMP for at least 24 h, and at a lower temperature for at least several days. Field experiments confirmed that superheated ice occurs naturally inside wild fishes. Over the long-term record (1999-2012), seawater temperature surpassed the fish eqFMP in most summers, but never exceeded the highest temperature at which ice persisted inside experimental fishes. Thus, because of the effects of AFP-induced melting inhibition, summer warming may not reliably eliminate internal ice. Our results expose a potentially antagonistic pleiotropic effect of AFPs: beneficial freezing avoidance is accompanied by melting inhibition that may contribute to lifelong accumulation of detrimental internal ice crystals.