gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
.alpha.,.beta.-Unsaturated Acetals as Precursors of .alpha.-Substituted Ethoxy Dienes. Useful Reagents for Nucleophilic Acylation (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.,.beta.-Unsaturated Acetals as Precursors of .alpha.-Substituted Ethoxy Dienes. Useful Reagents for Nucleophilic AcylationCristina Prandi and Paolo VenturelloCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 18, 5458–5462Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00097a059https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00097a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Clinical pharmacology and metabolism of Taxol (paclitaxel): update 1993. (1994)

Paclitaxel may be one of the most important anticancer agents to be developed over the past 2 decades. With its unique mechanism of action as an inducer of tubulin assembly, paclitaxel has demonstrated impressive antitumor activity in patients with breast, lung (both non-small cell and small cell), head and neck, and advanced and platinum-refractory ovarian carcinomas. Unfortunately, there has been a relative lack of pharmacologic data available for paclitaxel, compared with other agents in similar phases of development. This scarcity of data is due, in part, to the aqueous insolubility of paclitaxel and to difficulties in developing sensitive analytic assays to measure the full range of drug concentrations achieved in small animals, both of which have limited preclinical pharmacologic studies. This report reviews the pharmacology of paclitaxel as ascertained during early clinical trials. Although most early studies used prolonged intravenous administration schedules of the agent as both monotherapy and in chemotherapy combinations, more recent studies have evaluated shorter administration schedules. In addition, available information pertaining to the pharmacodynamic and metabolic profiles of paclitaxel are discussed. Such information may be useful in designing rational treatment regimens of paclitaxel as a single agent and in chemotherapy combinations, potentially resulting in the optimal utilization of this important agent in cancer chemotherapeutics.
Fundamentals of soft robot locomotion (2017)

Soft robotics and its related technologies enable robot abilities in several robotics domains including, but not exclusively related to, manipulation, manufacturing, human-robot interaction and locomotion. Although field applications have emerged for soft manipulation and human-robot interaction, mobile soft robots appear to remain in the research stage, involving the somehow conflictual goals of having a deformable body and exerting forces on the environment to achieve locomotion. This paper aims to provide a reference guide for researchers approaching mobile soft robotics, to describe the underlying principles of soft robot locomotion with its pros and cons, and to envisage applications and further developments for mobile soft robotics.
Adaptive Impedance Matching for Magnetically Coupled Resonators (2013)

Abstract — For high quality factor magnetically coupled resonator wireless power systems, constant wireless power transfer efficiency can be achieved over a greater range and higher efficiency than an inductively coupled system. However, as the distance varies between two near-field resonators, the input and output impedances to the resonators change. Therefore, in order to achieve constant efficiency, the resonator input impedance must be adaptively matched to the source impedance of the transmit resonator and the load impedance of the output device. Previous techniques have demonstrated adaptive frequency tuning control algorithms to track the resonant peaks. However, government regulations strictly limit the radiating electric field strength of wireless applications outside specific bandwidths which will be exceeded by these frequency tuning algorithms. Adaptive impedance matching (AIM) networks automatically change the input and output impedances in order to maintain maximum wireless power transfer efficiency. In this paper, the input impedance is characterized for a four-element resonant wireless power system. Two algorithms are presented to determine the component values for any adaptive impedance matching network topology to achieve constant wireless power transfer efficiency at a single frequency. These techniques are demonstrated and verified with a π-match network. 1.
RHIZOSCAN: A semiautomatic image processing system for characterization of the morphology and secondary metabolite concentration in hairy root cultures (2000)

We describe the application of the newly developed RHIZOSCAN software for accurate morphological analysis and determination of overall and local secondary metabolite concentrations in two clones of Beta vulgaris throughout the growth period. Local secondary metabolite concentrations may be determined at any point in the root, and pigment gradients in each lateral root can be followed during culture and saved to the computer. Throughout the entire analysis process, an image appears in a graphical result window on the screen, which enables visual evaluation of the numerical output at each stage of the analysis. Biosynthetic data on concentrations obtained by image analysis were validated by spectrophotometric analysis. The importance of determining appropriate scanning and analysis conditions (scanning resolution, background color, threshold value, segmentation plane in the hue-saturation-intensity color system and pruning length) for obtaining accurate morphological measurements is examined and the means of fixing these parameters is described. Our results show that, using RHIZOSCAN, detailed and accurate information on root architecture and secondary metabolite concentrations can be obtained in a short time.
Genetically engineered attenuated measles virus specifically infects and kills primary multiple myeloma cells (2009)

The applicability of cytoreductive treatment of malignant diseases using recombinant viruses strongly depends on specific recognition of surface receptors to target exclusively neoplastic cells. A recently generated monoclonal antibody (mAb), Wue-1, specifically detects CD138(+) multiple myeloma (MM) cells. In this study, a haemagglutinin (H) protein that was receptor-blinded (i.e. did not bind to CD46 and CD150) was genetically re-engineered by fusing it to a single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) derived from the Wue-1 mAb open reading frame (scFv-Wue), resulting in the recombinant retargeted measles virus (MV)-Wue. MV-Wue efficiently targeted and fully replicated in primary MM cells, reaching titres similar to those seen with non-retargeted viruses. In agreement with its altered receptor specificity, infection of target cells was no longer dependent on CD150 or CD46, but was restricted to cells that had been labelled with Wue-1 mAb. Importantly, infection with MV-Wue rapidly induced apoptosis in CD138(+) malignant plasma cell targets. MV-Wue is the first fully retargeted MV using the restricted interaction between Wue-1 mAb and primary MM cells specifically to infect, replicate in and deplete malignant plasma cells.
Stochastic attributed K-d tree modeling of technical paper title pages (2004)

Structural information about a document is essential for structured query processing, indexing, and retrieval. A document page can be partitioned into a hierarchy of homogeneous regions such as columns, paragraphs, etc.; these regions are called physical components, and define the physical layout of the page. In this paper we develop a class of models for the physical layouts of technical paper title pages. We model physical layout using hidden semiMarkov models for directional projections of page regions, and a stochastic attributed K-d tree grammar model for the 2D hierarchical structure of these regions. We use the models to generate sets of synthetic title page images of three distinctive styles, which we use in controlled experiments on page structure analysis.
Intra-Articular Injection of Human Synovial Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis: Assessment of Immunomodulatory Capacity In Vivo (2017)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of human synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SM-MSCs) in murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Male mice (age 7-9 weeks) were injected intra-articularly with SM-MSCs obtained from patients with osteoarthritis, on days 28, 32, and 38 after bovine type II collagen immunization. The efficacy of SM-MSCs in CIA was evaluated clinically and histologically. Cytokine profile analyses were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and multiplex analyses. Splenic helper T (Th) cell and regulatory B cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Intra-articular SM-MSC injection ameliorated the clinical and histological severity of arthritis. Decrease in tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, interferon-<i>γ</i>, and interleukin- (IL-) 17A and increase in IL-10 production were observed after SM-MSC treatment. Flow cytometry showed that Th1 and Th17 cells decreased, whereas Th2, regulatory T (Treg), and PD-1<sup>+</sup>CXCR5<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> follicular Treg cells increased in the spleens of SM-MSC-treated mice. Regulatory B cell analysis showed that CD21<sup>hi</sup>CD23<sup>hi</sup> transitional 2 cells, CD23<sup>low</sup>CD21<sup>hi</sup> marginal zone cells, and CD19<sup>+</sup>CD5<sup>+</sup>CD1d<sup>+</sup>IL-10<sup>+</sup> regulatory B cells increased following SM-MSC treatment. Our results demonstrated that SM-MSCs injected in inflamed joints in CIA had a therapeutic effect and could prevent arthritis development and suppress immune responses via immunoregulatory cell expansion.
Thickness of Saturn's Rings Inferred from Voyager 1 Observations of Microwave Scatter (1984)

Earth-based telescopic observations indicate that Saturn's rings are about 1 kilometer thick, while spacecraft measurements and theoretical considerations give an upper bound of about 100 meters. Analysis of a shielding effect present in radio occultation provides a sensitive new measure of the ring thickness. On the basis of this effect, Voyager 1 microwave measurements of near-forward scatter imply a thickness ranging from less than 10 meters in ring C to about 20 and 50 meters in the Cassini division and ring A, respectively. Monolayer models do not fit the observations in the latter two regions. The discrepancy between the Earth-based and spacecraft measurements may be due to warps in the ring plane or effects of tenuous material outside the primary ring system.
Determination of Acoustic Emission Sources Energy and Application towards Lifetime Prediction of Ceramic Matrix Composites (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Material and Testing Procedure Energy of Acoustic Emission Sources Towards Lifetime Prediction from the Analysis of AE Sources Energy Results and Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgments
ChemInform Abstract: DARSTELLUNG VON VINYLSILANEN DURCH HOCHTEMPERATURKONDENSATION IN GEGENWART VON FREON (1974)

Abstract Nimmt man die Umsetzung der Silane (I) mit Vinylchlorid (II) bei 550°C vor, dann entstehen Verbindungen nach (III) und (IV) nebeneinander, wobei die Ausbeuten an den Vinylsilanen (III) gering sind.
PRISM: Platform for Remote Sensing using Mobile Smartphones (2010)

To realize the potential of opportunistic and participatory sensing using mobile smartphones, a key challenge is ensuring the ease of developing and deploying such applications, without the need for the application writer to reinvent the wheel each time. To this end, we present a Platform for Remote Sensing using Smartphones (PRISM) that balances the interconnected goals of generality, security, and scalability. PRISM allows application writers to package their applications as executable binaries, which offers efficiency and also the flexibility of reusing existing code modules. PRISM then pushes the application out automatically to an appropriate set of phones based on a specified set of predicates. This push model enables timely and scalable application deployment while still ensuring a good degree of privacy. To safely execute untrusted applications on the smartphones, while allowing them controlled access to sensitive sensor data, we augment standard software sandboxing with several PRISM-specific elements like resource metering and forced amnesia. We present three applications built on our implementation of PRISM on Windows Mobile: citizen journalist, party thermometer, and road bump monitor. These applications vary in the set of sensors they use and in their mode of operation (depending on human input vs. automatic). We report on our experience from a small-scale deployment of these applications. We also present a large-scale simulation-based analysis of the scalability of PRISM’s push model.
Aberrations of anamorphic optical systems III: the primary aberration theory for toroidal anamorphic systems (2010)

We apply a new method for optical aberration derivation to anamorphic systems made from toroidal surfaces and obtain a complete set of primary aberration coefficients. This set is written in a form similar to the well-known Seidel aberrations for rotationally symmetrical optical systems and includes first-order quantities only, thus it can be easily applied to anamorphic lens design practice. By tracing four nonskew paraxial marginal and chief rays, the 16 anamorphic primary aberration coefficients can be easily calculated.
Where does perception end and when does action start? (2002)

Currently there is considerable interest in the notion that dorsal and ventral visual systems might differ in their specializations for thought and action. Behavior invariably involves multiple processes such as perception, judgment, and response execution. It is not clear that characteristics of the dorsal and ventral processing streams, as described by Norman, are entirely of a perceptual nature.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESEN MIT KOHLENMONOXID 15. MITT. HALBTECHNISCHE HYDROFORMYLIERUNG VON OLEFINEN IN GEGENWART VON DERIVATEN DES 1,2‐DIPHOSPHACYCLOPENT‐5‐EN‐4‐ONS ALS MODIFIZIERUNGSMITTEL DES KOBALT‐KATALYSATORS (1973)

Abstract Zur Hydroformylierung von Olefinen, wie Äthylen oder Propylen (I), eignen sich Kobaltkomplexe, die aus Kobalthydrocarbonyl (II) bzw. Dikobaltoctacarbonyl und Derivaten des 1,2‐Diphosphacyclopent‐5‐en‐4‐ons (III) erhalten werden und äußerst thermostabil sind, besser als das bisher verwendete Kobalthydrocarbonyl, da die Aldehyde, z.B. (IV), mit hoher Selektivität und praktisch frei von Neben‐ und Folgeprodukten erhalten werden.
A Facile and Patternable Method for the Surface Modification of Carbon Nanotube Forests Using Perfluoroarylazides (2008)

A facile patterning method for the functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes is described. Modification of the surface of nanotube forests with hydrophilic, hydrophobic, or polymerizable small molecules was achieved via UV-triggered attachment of perfluoroarylazides. Multiple functionalizations of the tube surface can be achieved. Macro- and micropatterning of forest substrates were demonstrated. Superhydrophobic surfaces containing superhydrophilic regions were prepared.
Recent earthquakes in Northland (1964)

The Northland earthquakes at Mangonui on November 17, 1963, and at Peria on December 23, 1963, are of interest to engineers throughout the country in view of the widespread discussion of zoning proposals. The Peria shock is of special interest as it appears to have been of slightly higher felt intensity than had been expected at a locality so far from previously-known regions of major seismic activity.
213. Following the hidden footsteps of past human migrations via the goat genome (2022)

The aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and the degree of introgression of foreign alleles into autochthonous goat genomes following putative land and maritime routes of human migrations. Genotypic data from sixteen populations were analysed for diversity statistics and admixture. Results show genetic fingerprints of old gene flow that could be related to past human expansions for explorations, raids or demographic reasons. In addition, this study could add missing pieces to indirectly recreate historically and still uncertain human land and maritime routes.
Introduction to blood trauma. (1989)

The response of blood to abnormal conditions is a very complicated mechanism which is not fully understood. There have been many improvements and discoveries in materials and procedures to minimize the adverse reactions. Also, the body has very efficient compensatory responses to aide in recovery from such challenges. However, it is important to be aware of these possible complications and give appropriate support during the blood's recovery period.
The green Knoevenagel condensation: solvent-free condensation of benzaldehydes (2017)

This paper presents a novel, green Knoevenagel procedure for the chemical transformation of benzaldehydes into their corresponding α,β-unsaturated acids. The essential part of this procedure is a solvent-free condensation which uses environmentally benign amines or ammonium salts as catalysts instead of pyridine and piperidine as used in the traditional Knoevenagel condensation. The condensation step is followed by a decarboxylation in the solid phase, resulting in high overall yields and purity. The influence of temperature and catalyst type on the yield of sinapinic acid was monitored for the reaction between syringaldehyde and malonic acid. After optimization of this reaction, its scope was explored for various types of benzaldehydes demonstrating a broad applicability of this procedure. The developed method provides good to an excellent conversion of various benzaldehydes and high selectivity to the respective α,β-unsaturated acids in an environmentally friendly and efficient way.
Zeolite Nanocrystals: Quantum Yield Measurement of Fluorescent Zeolite Nanopigments (Adv. Funct. Mater. 12/2009) (2009)

Organic fluorescent molecules are infiltrated in the channels of zeolite L nanocrystals, thus obtaining organic-inorganic fluorescent nanoparticles. O. Nicolet et al. present the optical measurement of the quantum yield of fluorescent zeolites by means of a precise and reliable diffuse reflectance technique. Several possible factors that may affect the fluorescence quantum yield are also investigated.
Monitoring, analysis, and filtering system for purifying network traffic of known and unknown malicious content (2010)

Abstract The early detection, alert and response (eDare) framework is presented in this paper. The goal of this framework is to address the risks stemming from malicious software propagating via networks operated by Internet/network service providers (ISP/NSP). To achieve this goal, eDare employs network‐based traffic scanning appliances that enable sanitation of Internet traffic of known malware. Remaining traffic is extracted and various types of algorithms are invoked in an attempt to detect instances of previously un‐encountered malware and to generate a unique and simple byte‐string signature for such malware. That signature is immediately uploaded to the aforementioned network traffic scanners. To augment judgments of the algorithms, human experts are consulted for assistance in classifying files suspected of being malware about which the automatic detection algorithms are not sufficiently decisive. Finally, collaborative feedback and tips from end‐users are meshed into the identification process. This makes tackling of suspect files, whose impact can be assessed on a large, distributed scale, possible. The system incorporates static and behavioral analysis of malware and novel automatic signature generation algorithm. eDare was implemented and tested using an evaluation environment especially developed for that purpose. The results suggest that eDare can detect and remove unknown malware effectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Suppl Figure 1 from Prognostic Significance of PD-L1<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> Immune Cells in HPV<sup>+</sup> Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

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Influence of Upconversion Processes in the Optically-Induced Inhomogeneous Thermal Behavior of Erbium-Doped Lanthanum Oxysulfide Powders (2016)

The efficient infrared-to-visible upconversion emission present in Er-doped lanthanum oxysulfide crystal powders is used as a fine thermal sensor to determine the influence of upconversion processes on the laser-induced thermal load produced by the pump laser and to assess the potentialities of this material in order to obtain anti-Stokes laser-induced cooling. The analysis of the upconversion emission and excitation spectra as well as the decay curves indicates that energy transfer upconversion is the main mechanism responsible for the green (⁴S<sub>3/2</sub>) and red (⁴F<sub>9/2</sub>) upconversion luminescence. The dependence on temperature of the intensity ratio of upconversion emission from thermally-coupled ²H<sub>11/2</sub> and ⁴S<sub>3/2</sub> levels of Er<sup>3+</sup> in the 240-300 K temperature range has been used to estimate a relative sensitivity of 1.09 × 10<sup>-2</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>. Thermal measurements performed on the powder samples by using a thermal infrared camera exhibit a very inhomogeneous heat distribution at the sample surface due to the random distribution of the pumping energy inside the sample as well as to the random properties of the thermal field. The analysis of both spectroscopic and thermal measurements show that after a transient heating induced by the background absorption, cooling of discrete regions by means of anti-Stokes processes can be observed.