gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Various Techniques and Outcomes of Arterial Anastomosis in Live Renal Transplant: An Institutional Experience (2022)

Introduction Renal transplantation with multiple arteries is associated with a major index of surgical complications. Relevant papers and meta-analyses have shown relatively more vascular and urological complications in transplant of donor kidneys with multiple arteries. In live donor grafts due to the unavailability of a carrel patch, several techniques for bench and in situ reconstruction have been described in order to reduce the incidence of these vascular complications. In this study, the short and long-term results of living donor kidney transplants with multiple renal arteries (MRAs) versus single renal artery (SRA) were compared retrospectively. Methods This is a retrospective study done on patients who received a living donor kidney between January 2012 and January 2018 at<i> </i>the<i> </i>Institute of Urology<i>,</i> Madras Medical College, Chennai. We have excluded deceased donor kidney transplants and ABO-incompatible cases done in the same time period. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Approval No: IES-MMC-008) and performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Open live donor nephrectomy was performed through an extra-peritoneal flank incision in all cases. In the SRA group, the renal artery was anastomosed end to end to the Internal iliac artery, while the renal vein was anastomosed to the external iliac vein in the end to side fashion. Urinary tract reconstruction was accomplished by the Gregoir technique in both groups. We looked at recipient complications, baseline and postoperative serum creatinine, total ischemia time, mean operating time, and short- and long-term graft and patient survival as postoperative outcomes. Results In a six-year period (2012-2018) at our institute, 256 living donor transplantations were performed; 36 (14%) kidneys had two or more renal arteries which were anastomosed using various techniques. Cold ischemia time was relatively longer in the MRA group (45 mins vs 28 mins in the SRA group) (p-value <0.05). while warm ischemia time was comparable in both groups (2.5 vs 2.9 mins) serum creatinine was comparable in both groups at the 30th postoperative day (1.4 in SRA group vs 1.2 in MRA group) (p-value >0.05). Incidence of surgical complications in SRA and MRA groups was: vascular - 3.6% and 2.7%; urological - 3.2% and 2.7%; the incidence of lymphocele was 4.5% and 5.5% and delayed graft function 4.5% and 5.5% respectively. Conclusion Multiple renal arteries are no longer a relative contraindication with advanced surgical techniques. in renal grafts with multiple arteries, all techniques of vessel anastomosis are comparable in terms of post-surgical complications.
Starting and Maintaining a Lay Counseling Program at the Local Level (1985)

Presented at the AMCAP Convention 4 April, 1985.
Data from Combined Targeting of Costimulatory (OX40) and Coinhibitory (CTLA-4) Pathways Elicits Potent Effector T Cells Capable of Driving Robust Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Ligation of the TNF receptor family costimulatory molecule OX40 (CD134) with an agonist anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody (mAb) enhances antitumor immunity by augmenting T-cell differentiation as well as turning off the suppressive activity of the FoxP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; regulatory T cells (Treg). In addition, antibody-mediated blockade of the checkpoint inhibitor CTLA-4 releases the “brakes” on T cells to augment tumor immunotherapy. However, monotherapy with these agents has limited therapeutic benefit particularly against poorly immunogenic murine tumors. Therefore, we examined whether the administration of agonist anti-OX40 therapy in the presence of CTLA-4 blockade would enhance tumor immunotherapy. Combined anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy significantly enhanced tumor regression and the survival of tumor-bearing hosts in a CD4 and CD8 T cell–dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed that the combination immunotherapy directed the expansion of effector T-bet&lt;sup&gt;high&lt;/sup&gt;/Eomes&lt;sup&gt;high&lt;/sup&gt; granzyme B&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; CD8 T cells. Dual immunotherapy also induced distinct populations of Th1 [interleukin (IL)-2, IFN-γ], and, surprisingly, Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) CD4 T cells exhibiting increased T-bet and Gata-3 expression. Furthermore, IL-4 blockade inhibited the Th2 response, while maintaining the Th1 CD4 and effector CD8 T cells that enhanced tumor-free survival. These data demonstrate that refining the global T-cell response during combination immunotherapy can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these agents. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 2(2); 142–53. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Homeobox Transcription Factor VentX Regulates Differentiation and Maturation of Human Dendritic Cells (2014)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen presentation cells that play critical roles in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. The molecular determinants of DC differentiation and maturation are target of extensive investigation. VentX is a human homeobox transcriptional factor that regulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. In the current study, we report that ablation of VentX expression in monocytes significantly impaired their differentiation into DCs. Conversely, overexpression of VentX in monocytic THP1 cells accelerated their differentiation toward DCs. We showed that VentX regulates DC differentiation, in part, through modulating IL6 expression. Clinically, we found that VentX expression was elevated in intestinal lamina propria DCs (LPDCs) of inflamed mucosa from inflammatory bowel disease patients. Knockdown experiments suggested that VentX is essential for the maturation of LPDCs. In addition, corticosteroid treatment markedly decreased VentX expression in LPDCs and enforced expression of VentX counteracted the effects of corticosteroid on DCs maturation. Our data suggest that VentX is a critical transcriptional regulator of DC differentiation and maturation, and a potential target of immune regulation and therapy.
Knowledge Base Refinement Using Limited Amount of Efforts from Experts (2014)

Knowledge bases are essential for supporting decision making during intelligent information processing. Automatic construction of knowledge bases becomes infeasible without labeled data, a complete table of data records including answers to queries. Preparing such information requires huge efforts from experts. The authors propose a new knowledge base refinement framework based on pattern mining and active learning using an existing available knowledge base constructed from a different domain (source domain) solving the same task as well as some data collected from the target domain. The knowledge base investigated in this paper is represented by a model known as Markov Logic Networks. The authors' proposed method first analyzes the unlabeled target domain data and actively asks the expert to provide labels (or answers) a very small amount of automatically selected queries. The idea is to identify the target domain queries whose underlying relations are not sufficiently described by the existing source domain knowledge base. Potential relational patterns are discovered and new logic relations are constructed for the target domain by exploiting the limited amount of labeled target domain data and the unlabeled target domain data. The authors have conducted extensive experiments by applying our approach to two different text mining applications, namely, pronoun resolution and segmentation of citation records, demonstrating consistent improvements.
X-ray source tracking to compensate focal spot drifts for dimensional CT measurements (2020)

Accurate CT measurements rely on a stable X-ray focal spot. Because focal spot drift deteriorates CT data, especially at high resolutions, drift compensation is crucial. Here, we present an optical X-ray tube tracking system that does not require fiducial markers and/or radiographic image registration. To assess its performance, a calibrated, small volume (&lt; 4 mm) multi-sphere standard was CT scanned. The deviations of unidirectional dimensional measurements were reduced by almost a factor of two when compensating for the X-ray tube drift.
Abstract 26: Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Prevents Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Attenuating Cardiac Lipotoxicity via Erk1/2-dependent Signaling Pathway in Mice (2015)

The role of FGF21 plays in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has not been addressed. Here we demonstrated that type 1 diabetes decreased FGF21 levels in the blood, but up-regulated cardiac fgf21 expression about 40 fold at 2 months and 3-1.5 fold at 4 and 6 months after diabetes, which indicated a cardiac specific FGF21 adaptive up-regulation. To define the critical role of FGF21 in DCM, type 1 diabetes was induced in FGF21 knock out (FGF21KO) mice. At 1, 2 and 4 months after diabetes onset, no significant differences between FGF21KO and wild type (WT) diabetic mice in blood glucose and triglyceride levels were observed. But FGF21KO diabetic mice showed earlier and more severe cardiac dysfunction, remodeling and oxidative stress, as well as greater increase in cardiac lipid accumulation than WT diabetic mice. Mechanistically, FGF21 reduced palmitate-induced cardiac cell death, which was accompanied by up-regulation of cardiac Erk1/2, p38 MAPK and AMPK phosphorylation. Inhibition of each kinase with its inhibitor and/ or siRNA revealed that FGF21 prevents palmitate-induced cardiac cell death via up-regulating the Erk1/2-dependent p38 MAPK/AMPK signaling pathway. In vivo administration of FGF21, but not FGF21 plus ERK1/2 inhibitor, to diabetic mice significantly prevented cardiac cell death and reduced inactivation of Erk1/2, p38 MAPK and AMPK, and prevented cardiac remodeling and dysfunction at late-stage. Our results demonstrate that cardiac FGF21 decompensation may contribute to the development of DCM and FGF21 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic cardiac damage via activation of Erk1/2-P38 MAPK-AMPK signaling.
Mining Plants for Bacterial Quorum Sensing Modulators (2017)

The bacterial plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens uses quorum sensing (QS) in order to regulate the transfer of DNA into the host plant genome, and this results in the induction of crown gall tumors. The deleterious results of these infections are widespread and affect many species of fruit and crops. In order to further our understanding of this process and to provide potential solutions, we evaluated a library of 3800 natural products from plant sources and identified potent compounds that are able to strongly modulate plant-bacterial interactions.
Preparation of epitaxial YSZ thin film on Si(001) using metal and oxide targets by RF-magnetron sputtering (2001)

Abstract Epitaxial growth of YSZ on Si(001) by RF-magnetron sputtering was first realized using metal (Zr+Y) and oxide (YSZ) targets. Metal target was initially used to control the redox reaction between Si and ZrO2 on the SiO2/Si(001) substrate. The redox reaction was evaluated by XPS. Optimal thickness of metal (Zr+Y) film to obtain films having high crystallinity was 2 nm. Deposition using oxide target was followed by the deposition using metal target to enhance the compositional uniformity of the film. The Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) curve of the epitaxial YSZ/Si(001) showed ‘‘ion-drift'’ type characteristics. The dielectric constant of the film was 20, which is close to that of bulk YSZ (εr=27).
Exploratory field study on the effect of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) sow vaccination on serological, virological and reproductive parameters in a PCV2 subclinically infected sow herd (2018)

The present study represents a first attempt to demonstrate that PCV2 sow vaccination may have a positive influence on prolificacy and vitality of the offspring in a subclinical infected breeding herd. However, since reproductive outcomes at farm level may be affected by a number of factors, further studies would be needed to confirm this association.
Identifying and enriching platelet-producing human stem cell–derived megakaryocytes using factor V uptake (2017)

Stem cell-derived platelets have the potential to replace donor platelets for transfusion. Defining the platelet-producing megakaryocytes (MKs) within the heterogeneous MK culture may help to optimize the in vitro generation of platelets. Using 2 human stem cell models of megakaryopoiesis, we identified novel MK populations corresponding to distinct maturation stages. An immature, low granular (LG) MK pool (defined by side scatter on flow cytometry) gives rise to a mature high granular (HG) pool, which then becomes damaged by apoptosis and glycoprotein Ib α chain (CD42b) shedding. We define an undamaged HG/CD42b<sup>+</sup> MK subpopulation, which endocytoses fluorescently labeled coagulation factor V (FV) from the media into α-granules and releases functional FV<sup>+</sup>CD42b<sup>+</sup> human platelet-like particles in vitro and when infused into immunodeficient mice. Importantly, these FV<sup>+</sup> particles have the same size distribution as infused human donor platelets and are preferentially incorporated into clots after laser injury. Using drugs to protect HG MKs from apoptosis and CD42b shedding, we also demonstrate that apoptosis precedes CD42b shedding and that apoptosis inhibition enriches the FV<sup>+</sup> HG/CD42b<sup>+</sup> MKs, leading to increased platelet yield in vivo, but not in vitro. These studies identify a transition between distinct MK populations in vitro, including one that is primed for platelet release. Technologies to optimize and select these platelet-ready MKs may be important to efficiently generate functional platelets from in vitro-grown MKs.
Signal Verification of Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials by Automated Detection of the Brainstem Response (2004)

This detector of the AEP brainstem component can be used to verify that the signal reflects the response to an auditory stimulus. An alternative approach, used in the Danmeter AEP monitor, is based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the midlatency components of the AEP. Because the midlatency components of AEP are suppressed by anesthesia, a false alarm "low AEP/no AEP" is generated during deep anesthesia. This, in turn, may suggest disconnection of headphones or technical problems whenever anesthesia is deep. This disadvantage has been overcome by our detector, which is based on the identification of the brainstem component of AEP.
Evaluation of intron 22 and intron 1 inversions of the factor 8 gene using an inverse shifting PCR method in severe haemophilia A patients (2013)

Haemophilia A (HA) is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by several mutations in the F8 gene, whose inversion causes most of the mutation in 40% of severe HA patients. Methods such as long distance PCR and southern blot have been exploited to analyse intron 22 inversion in the F8 gene. For this purpose, we used an inverse shifting PCR assay, a novel genetic diagnostic method, for the detection of intron 22 inversion in severe HA patients. A screen for the presence of intron 22 and intron 1 inversions at the F8 gene in 30 Iranian severe HA patients revealed that 47% of patients showed intron 22 inversion (40% type 1 and 7% type 2), while 7% of patients had intron 1 inversion. Among the patients carrying the inversion, 12% developed inhibitors. Inverse shifting PCR is a precise method for assessment of rearrangements related to int 22h and int 1h in patients and carriers of haemophilia A. Since the previous methods of assessing inversion are time-consuming and demanding, this method can be a good replacement.
ChemInform Abstract: The Biosynthesis of Carbocyclic Nucleosides (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Experimental observation of Fano- and Lorentz-like line shapes in the optical extinction of plasmonic nanorods (2014)

XXIV RNE - VIII CIE Espectroscopía, Logroño, 9-11 de julio de 2014 http://www.unirioja.es/espectroscopia2014/
Stromal-mediated protection of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-treated BCR-ABL-expressing leukemia cells (2008)

Clinical studies of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia revealed that a common pattern of response is a dramatic fall in the circulating population of blast cells, with a minimal or delayed decrease in marrow blasts, suggesting a protective environment. These observations suggest that a greater understanding of the interaction of stromal cells with leukemic cells is essential. Here, we present an in vivo system for monitoring relative tumor accumulation in leukemic mice and residual disease in leukemic mice treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an in vitro system for identifying integral factors involved in stromal-mediated cytoprotection. Using the in vivo model, we observed high tumor burden/residual disease in tissues characterized as significant sources of hematopoiesis-promoting stroma, with bone marrow stroma most frequently showing the highest accumulation of leukemia in untreated and nilotinib-treated mice as well as partial protection of leukemic cells from the inhibitory effects of nilotinib. These studies, which showed a pattern of leukemia distribution consistent with what is observed in imatinib- and nilotinib-treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients, were followed by a more in-depth analysis of stroma-leukemia cell interactions that lead to protection of leukemia cells from nilotinib-induced cytotoxicity. For the latter, we used the human BCR-ABL-positive cell line, KU812F, and the human bone marrow stroma cell line, HS-5, to more closely approximate the bone marrow-associated cytoprotection observed in drug-treated leukemia patients. This in vitro system helped to elucidate stromal-secreted viability factors that may play a role in stromal-mediated cytoprotection of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-treated leukemia cells.
Die Struktur höherer Nickelhydroxyde (1950)

Abstract Die Struktur der in der vorangehenden Arbeit aufgefundenen neuen höheren Nickel‐hydroxyde wird durch Auswertung von Röntgenaufnahmen bestimmt; elektronenoptische Aufnahmen werden zur Stützung der Befunde herangezogen. Blauschwarzes Nickel(II,III)‐hydroxyd der Zusammensetzung NiO 1,22–1,07 · xH 2 O leitet sich in seiner Struktur vom C 19‐Typ ab. Zwischen normal ausgebaute Ni(OH) 2 ‐Schichten ist NiOOH ungeordnet eingelagert, so daß die Verbindung die Konstitutionsformel 4 Ni(OH) 2 magnified image NiOOH erhält. Abmessungen der hexagonalen Zelle: a = 3,07 ± 0,01 Å; c = 23,2 ± 0,1 Å; Parameter u = 0,370. Der Homogenitätsbereich der Verbindung findet durch den Einbau von mehr oder weniger NiOOH seine Erklärung. Nickel(III)‐hydroxyd γ‐NiOOH ist wie 4 Ni(OH) 2 NiOOH nach dem C 19‐Typ aufgebaut. Zwischen NiOOH‐Schichten ist NiOOH ungeordnet eingefügt, die Konstitutionsformel ist aber 3 NiOOH magnified image NiOOH. Abmessungen der hexagonalen Zelle: a = 2,82 ± 0,01 Å c = 20,65 ± 0,05 Å; Parameter u = 0,377. Die Abweichungen von der Idealzusammensetzung 3 NiOOHNiOOH werden wie beim blauschwarzen Hydroxyd erklärt. Nickel(III)‐hydroxyd α‐NiOOH wird vorläufig mit der Konstitutionsformel 4 NiOOH magnified image NiOOH formuliert; Abmessungen der hexagonalen Zelle: a = 2,81 ± 0,01 Å; c ∼ 8 Å. α‐NiOOH leitet sich zum Unterschied von γ‐NiOOH vom C 6‐Typ ab. Nickel(III)‐hydroxyd β‐NiOOH kristallisiert im C 6‐Typ mit Arnfelt‐Struktur. Abmessungen der hexagonalen Zelle: a = 2,81 ± 0,01 Å; c = 4,84 Å; die Kristallite sind blättchenförmig ausgebildet. Nickel(III,II)‐hydroxyd Ni 3 O 2 (OH) 4 hat ein hexagonales Gitter mit a = 3,04 ± 0,02 Å; c = 14,6 ± 0,1 Å. Es wird angenommen, daß die Schichten wie bei den anderen Hydroxyden gebaut sind, jedoch die Schichtenfolge eine andere ist. Röntgen‐ und elektronenoptische Aufnahmen zeigen eine ausgeprägte laminare Ausbildung der Kristallite. Es werden Folien bis zu 15000 Å Ausdehnung bei sehr geringer Dicke beobachtet. Alle beschriebenen Hydroxyde besitzen außerdem eine Störstruktur durch aufgerauhte Netzebenen.
Conductive mixed-halide adducts of tetrathiafulvalene obtained by electrocrystallisation (1981)

The electrocrystallised mixed-halide TTFBr0·23– I0·46 and TTFBr0·47I0·24(TTF = tetrathiafulvalene) have Br:I ratios which are dependent on the solution composition, with the total halide stoicheiometries approximating the single-halide values in TTFBr0·76 and TTFI0·71, the maximum conductivities at 25 °C being intermediate between the single-halide values of 1600 and 42·5 Ω–1, respectively (cf. 2800 and 34 Ω–1cm–1, respectively); single-axis structure data are comparable throughout.
Anti-DDoS Virtualized Operating System (2008)

It is easier to detect a DDoS attack near the victim but it is of little use to do so. Many researchers believe that it would be best to handle DDoS attacks closer to the computers which host these attacks and have propounded various strategies for packet filtering at edge-routers. This paper makes three contributions over earlier work. First, we propose that it is best to track illegitimate packets suspected to cause a DDoS at the source computer itself. Secondly, we come up with a secure and efficient implementation (ADVOS: Anti-DDoS Virtualized Operating System) for packet filtering at the source computer itself. Security dependency on the integrity of the source operating system is removed by using virtualization to isolate the modules providing the protection capabilities. Different models of traffic characterization could possibly be used in curtailing malicious traffic, we justify the effectiveness of symmetry based model at source computers. Thirdly, we demonstrate that such an anti-DDoS operating system using virtualization can be implemented practically and efficiently. In our prototype over native Linux system 2.4% overhead was observed in the attained network throughput. Less than 1% of the total attack traffic generated was allowed to pass through on attack. Finally, we discuss the scalability and deployment issues for ADVOS.
A limited and efficient quantized feedback for IEEE 802.11n evolution (2013)

In this paper we propose an efficient way to transmit accurate channel estimation to the transmitter when this latter requires them in order to calculate its precoding vectors. Since number of channel coefficients that need to be sent back to the transmitter, especially when the number of transmit and receive antennas as well as the number of subcarriers of OFDM systems increase, studies on limited channel state information (CSI) feedback are worth being carried out. A limited feedback scheme that allows both the accuracy of the feedback to be improved and the feedback amount to be reduced, based on the sending back of the channel impulse response called temporal CSI (TCSI) is proposed. The proposed scheme is straightfully applied to a IEEE802.11n system.
Electronic transport through a nuclear-spin-polarization-induced quantum wire (2002)

Electron transport in a low-dimensional structure---the nuclear-spin-polarization-induced quantum wire is theoretically studied. In the proposed system the local nuclear-spin polarization creates the effective hyperfine field that confines the electrons with the spins opposite to the hyperfine field to the regions of maximal nuclear-spin polarization. The influence of the nuclear-spin relaxation and diffusion on the electron energy spectrum and on the conductance of the quantum wire is calculated and the experimental feasibility is discussed.