gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Designing DCCP (2006)

Fast-growing Internet applications like streaming media and telephony prefer timeliness to reliability, making TCP a poor fit. Unfortunately, UDP, the natural alternative, lacks congestion control. High-bandwidth UDP applications must implement congestion control themselves-a difficult task-or risk rendering congested networks unusable. We set out to ease the safe deployment of these applications by designing a congestion-controlled unreliable transport protocol . The outcome, the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol or DCCP, adds to a UDP-like foundation the minimum mechanisms necessary to support congestion control. We thought those mechanisms would resemble TCP's, but without reliability and, especially, cumulative acknowledgements, we had to reconsider almost every aspect of TCP's design. The resulting protocol sheds light on how congestion control interacts with unreliable transport, how modern network constraints impact protocol design, and how TCP's reliable bytestream semantics intertwine with its other mechanisms, including congestion control.
Novel feature selection methods for construction of accurate epigenetic clocks (2022)

Epigenetic clocks allow us to accurately predict the age and future health of individuals based on the methylation status of specific CpG sites in the genome and are a powerful tool to measure the effectiveness of longevity interventions. There is a growing need for methods to efficiently construct epigenetic clocks. The most common approach is to create clocks using elastic net regression modelling of all measured CpG sites, without first identifying specific features or CpGs of interest. The addition of feature selection approaches provides the opportunity to optimise the identification of predictive CpG sites. Here, we apply novel feature selection methods and combinatorial approaches including newly adapted neural networks, genetic algorithms, and 'chained' combinations. Human whole blood methylation data of ~470,000 CpGs was used to develop clocks that predict age with R2 correlation scores of greater than 0.73, the most predictive of which uses 35 CpG sites for a R2 correlation score of 0.87. The five most frequent sites across all clocks were modelled to build a clock with a R2 correlation score of 0.83. These two clocks are validated on two external datasets where they maintain excellent predictive accuracy. When compared with three published epigenetic clocks (Hannum, Horvath, Weidner) also applied to these validation datasets, our clocks outperformed all three models. We identified gene regulatory regions associated with selected CpGs as possible targets for future aging studies. Thus, our feature selection algorithms build accurate, generalizable clocks with a low number of CpG sites, providing important tools for the field.
The normal and diseased periodontium and periodontal disease activity. (1991)

Scientific knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular biology of the periodontium in health is fundamental to the determination of how periodontal diseases begin and progress. Advances in diagnosis and treatment are in turn becoming increasingly dependent upon advances in the molecular biology of inflammation-induced changes in the periodontal tissues, and the regenerative capacity of the periodontal cells. New in vitro cell culture models, a broadening array of monoclonal antibody reagents, and general advances in scientific methodology have presented the field of periodontal research with excellent opportunities to explore the mechanisms of tissue destruction, as well as test innovative means to induce tissue regeneration. Laboratory and clinical findings in the past year have led to major expansions in how we perceive the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, and also have altered our long-held beliefs about periodontal disease activity.
Thin film SnO2 sensor for low level formaldehyde detection (2016)

International audience
Gas sensors based on tin dioxide for exhaust gas application, modeling of response for pure gases and for mixtures (2012)

International audience
Synaptic SAP97 Isoforms Regulate AMPA Receptor Dynamics and Access to Presynaptic Glutamate (2009)

The synaptic insertion of GluR1-containing AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) is critical for synaptic plasticity. However, mechanisms responsible for GluR1 insertion and retention at the synapse are unclear. The synapse-associated protein SAP97 directly binds GluR1 and participates in its forward trafficking from the Golgi network to the plasma membrane. Whether SAP97 also plays a role in scaffolding GluR1 at the postsynaptic membrane is controversial, attributable to its expression as a collection of alternatively spliced isoforms with ill-defined spatial and temporal distributions. In the present study, we have used live imaging and electrophysiology to demonstrate that two postsynaptic, N-terminal isoforms of SAP97 directly modulate the levels, dynamics, and function of synaptic GluR1-containing AMPARs. Specifically, the unique N-terminal domains confer distinct subsynaptic localizations onto SAP97, targeting the palmitoylated alpha-isoform to the postsynaptic density (PSD) and the L27 domain-containing beta-isoform primarily to non-PSD, perisynaptic regions. Consequently, alpha- and betaSAP97 differentially influence the subsynaptic localization and dynamics of AMPARs by creating binding sites for GluR1-containing receptors within their respective subdomains. These results indicate that N-terminal splicing of SAP97 can control synaptic strength by regulating the distribution of AMPARs and, hence, their responsiveness to presynaptically released glutamate.
Abstract P161: Relationship Between Clinical Availability of Hemoglobin A1c and Glucose Therapy Intensification in Patients With Diabetes Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction (2011)

BACKGROUND Hemoglobin A 1c (A1C) assessment is recommended for hospitalized patients (pts) with diabetes (DM). Whether in-hospital A1C levels are associated with glucose therapy intensification (GTI) after MI is unknown. METHODS TRIUMPH is a multicenter MI registry which enrolled 1343 pts with established DM between 2005-08. Of 1149 pts with DM and measured A1C, 886 (77%) were assessed as part of clinical care, and an additional 263 (23%) had A1C assessed in the research core laboratory (results unavailable to clinicians). GTI was defined as new or increased doses of antihyperglycemic agents, or increased daily insulin dose by ≥20% at discharge. Pts were divided into those with vs. without clinically available A1C and stratified by A1C subgroup (&lt;7, 7-9, &gt;9). Poisson regression models evaluated if clinically available A1C was independently associated with GTI. RESULTS Overall, 420 of 1149 pts (36%) with measured A1C had levels &lt;7, 423 (37%) were between 7-9, and 306 (27%) were &gt;9. GTI was prescribed in 367 pts (32%). Clinically available A1C was associated with more frequent GTI in pts with suboptimal (A1C 7-9) and poor (A1C &gt;9) glycemic control, but not in those with adequate control (A1C &lt;7; Figure ). After multivariable adjustment (including blood glucose), clinically available A1C was an independent predictor of GTI (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.08-1.51). CONCLUSION Nearly two-thirds of pts with DM have suboptimal or poor long-term glucose control at the time of acute MI, and fewer than 50% of these pts are prescribed GTI at hospital discharge. Availability of A1C levels to clinicians may facilitate intensification of glucose therapy after MI in pts with inadequate long-term DM control.
Radio propagation loss study by hybrid simulation for smart meter communication in apartment building (2016)

Recently, wireless smart meter systems for the life infrastructure such as electricity, gas and water attract much attention. Since radio propagation environments for the smart meter communication in apartment buildings are very complicated, it is difficult to analyze the propagation loss with ray tracing method. This paper proposed a hybrid simulation technique which combines ray tracing and FDTD methods. We first analyzed the radiation from a smart meter in the pipe shaft by FDTD method, and then calculated propagation loss between pipe shafts by ray tracing method. The results obtained by the hybrid technique are compared with those by the ray tracing only and the FDTD only. The hybrid method can extend analyzable area in the apartment building and is effective to obtain results close to FDTD method.
TOWARD AN OPTIMAL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR SWEET PEPPER CULTIVATION - 1. A DYNAMIC CROP MODEL (2006)

ISHS III International Symposium on Models for Plant Growth, Environmental Control and Farm Management in Protected Cultivation (HortiModel 2006) TOWARD AN OPTIMAL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR SWEET PEPPER CULTIVATION - 1. A DYNAMIC CROP MODEL
The effect of question wording on reported expectations and perceptions of inflation (2010)

Public expectations and perceptions of inflation may affect economic decisions, and have subsequent effects on actual inflation. The Michigan Survey of Consumers uses questions about "prices in general" to measure expected and perceived inflation. Median responses track official measure of inflation, showing some tendency toward overestimation and considerable disagreement between respondents. Possibly, responses reflect how much respondents thought of salient personal experiences with specific prices when being asked about "prices in general." Here, we randomly assigned respondents to questions about "prices in general," as well as "the rate of inflation" and "price you pay." Reported expectations and perceptions were higher and more dispersed for "prices in general" than for "the rate of inflation," with "prices you pay" and "prices in general" showing similar responses patterns. Compared to questions about "the rate of inflation," questions about "prices in general" and "prices you pay" focused respondents relatively more on personal price experiences--and elicited expectations that were more strongly correlate to the expected price increases for food and transportation, which were relatively large and likely salient, but not to the expected price increases for housing, which were relatively small and likely less salient. Our results have implications for survey measures of inflation expectations.
Impact of Image-Space Resolution Modeling for Studies with the High-Resolution Research Tomograph (2008)

In high-resolution PET, RM during reconstruction improves quantitative accuracy by reducing the partial-volume effects.
Regulation of CFTR Expression and Arginine Vasopressin Activity Are Dependent on Polycystin-1 in Kidney-Derived Cells (2016)

CFTR chloride channel expression is increased by AVP in M1 cells and PC-1 is capable of regulating this modulation.
Portable coherent frequency-domain THz spectrometer (2011)

We report on the development of a portable, battery-operated terahertz spectrometer designed for reflection-mode or transmission-mode studies of materials in a wide range of applications. We discuss the challenges overcome to achieving low cost and compact form-factor for the spectrometer instrument, by leveraging commercial fiber-optic packaging techniques for the lasers and photomixers. This approach also permits the THz source and sensor heads to be located remotely from the processing and control electronics. We also discuss novel optical THz phase-control and frequency calibration methods employed in the system.
Exploration-exploitation trade-off features a saltatory search behaviour (2013)

Searching experiments conducted in different virtual environments over a gender balanced group of people revealed a gender irrelevant scale-free spread of searching activity on large spatiotemporal scales. We have suggested and solved analytically a simple statistical model of the coherent-noise type describing the exploration-exploitation trade-off in humans ("should I stay or should I go"). The model exhibits a variety of saltatory behaviours, ranging from Levy flights occurring under uncertainty to Brownian walks performed by a treasure hunter confident of the eventual success.
Communication Competency on Among Korean Clinical Nurses working in small- and medium-sized hospitals (2019)

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate communication competency of clinical nurses working in small-and medium-sized hospitals. Methods: The participants were 187 clinical nurses working in 7 small-and medium-sized hospitals. Data were collected from September 18 to October 20, 2017 and analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program.
ANALYTIC STUDY OF CELLULAR CHANGES IN CARCINOMA IN SITU, SQUAMOUS-CELL CANCER, AND ADENOCARCINOMA OF UTERINE CERVIX (1961)

From The Institute of Pathology, Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and the University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
Three-dimensional force-field microscopy with optically levitated microspheres (2019)

A sensing element that explores the features of optical tweezers and atomic force microscopy is developed and tested. In contrast to traditional methods, vectorial force fields are fully characterized.
Water‐Borne Endovascular Embolics Inspired by the Undersea Adhesive of Marine Sandcastle Worms (2016)

Transcatheter embolization is used to treat vascular malformations and defects, to control bleeding, and to selectively block blood supply to tissues. Liquid embolics are used for small vessel embolization that require distal penetration. Current liquid embolic agents have serious drawbacks, mostly centered around poor handling characteristics and toxicity. In this work, a water-borne in situ setting liquid embolic agent is described that is based on electrostatically condensed, oppositely charged polyelectrolytes-complex coacervates. At high ionic strengths, the embolic coacervates are injectable fluids that can be delivered through long narrow microcatheters. At physiological ionic strength, the embolic coacervates transition into a nonflowing solid morphology. Transcatheter embolization of rabbit renal arteries demonstrated capillary level penetration, homogeneous occlusion, and 100% devascularization of the kidney, without the embolic crossing into venous circulation. The benign water-borne composition and setting mechanism avoids many of the problems of current liquid embolics, and provides precise temporal and spatial control during endovascular embolization.
Convolutional neural network model to predict causal risk factors that share complex regulatory features (2019)

Major progress in disease genetics has been made through genome-wide association studies (GWASs). One of the key tasks for post-GWAS analyses is to identify causal noncoding variants with regulatory function. Here, on the basis of >2000 functional features, we developed a convolutional neural network framework for combinatorial, nonlinear modeling of complex patterns shared by risk variants scattered among multiple associated loci. When applied for major psychiatric disorders and autoimmune diseases, neural and immune features, respectively, exhibited high explanatory power while reflecting the pathophysiology of the relevant disease. The predicted causal variants were concentrated in active regulatory regions of relevant cell types and tended to be in physical contact with transcription factors while residing in evolutionarily conserved regions and resulting in expression changes of genes related to the given disease. We demonstrate some examples of novel candidate causal variants and associated genes. Our method is expected to contribute to the identification and functional interpretation of potential causal noncoding variants in post-GWAS analyses.
Signaling in Adult Neurogenesis (2009)

The identification of neural stem cells (NSCs) and their contribution to continuous neurogenesis has shown that the hippocampus and olfactory bulb are plastic. Brain plasticity, achieved at the level of cell genesis, has an essential role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Via combinatorial functions of extrinsic signals and intrinsic programs, adult neurogenesis is tightly regulated in a specialized microenvironment, a niche. Misregulated neurogenesis is detrimental to normal brain functions and, in extreme cases, pathogenic. Hence, understanding signaling in adult neurogenesis is not only important to understand the physiological roles of neurogenesis, but also to provide knowledge that is essential for developing therapeutic applications using NSCs to intervene in the progression of brain diseases.
Brightening up Biology: Advances in Luciferase Systems for in Vivo Imaging (2021)

Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) using luciferase reporters is an indispensable method for the noninvasive visualization of cell populations and biochemical events in living animals. BLI is widely performed with preclinical rodent models to understand disease processes and evaluate potential cell- or gene-based therapies. However, <i>in vivo</i> BLI remains constrained by low photon production and tissue attenuation, limiting the sensitivity of reporting from small numbers of cells in deep locations and hindering its application to larger animal models. This Review highlights recent advances in the development of luciferase systems that improve the sensitivity of <i>in vivo</i> BLI and discusses the expanding array of biological applications.
Antiparasitic Drugs (1996)

Many different infections with protozoan and helminthic parasites are common global health problems. Several protozoa are responsible for opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS. The newly developed drug, albendazole, has a strong activity against many nematode and cestode parasites. In the case of echinococcosis, it reduces the viability of protoscolices and cysts. Its hepatic metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide, is active against the larval cestodes. In the case of neurocysticercosis, administration of either the standard treatment, praziquantel, or the newly developed drug, albendazole, reduces or eliminates tapeworm cysts in 80-90% of patients. Patients with numerous cysts and those in whom neurologic symptoms or intracranial hypertension develops after therapy against cysticerci should receive adjunctive therapy with dexamethasone. Mass chemotherapy with single doses of albendazole or the older drug, mebendazole, is feasible for school-age children to treat the soil-transmitted helminthiases (ascariasis, hook-worm infection, and trichuriasis). The newly developed drug, ivermectin, is more effective against chronic strongyloidiasis than albendazole. It has been used most extensively against river blindness. It greatly reduces the number of microfilariae in the skin and eyes but has no effect on sclerosing keratitis or chorioretinitis. Both drugs are available in the US on a compassionate-use basis from their manufacturers. Field trials show that ivermectin is also effective against lymphatic filariasis and Mansonella ozzardi. Praziquantel is effective against many trematode and cestode infections. It is the drug of choice for schistosomiasis. Albendazole was effective against giardiasis in children in Bangladesh but ineffective in adult travelers returning from tropical areas. It appears to effect symptomatic improvement of intestinal microsporidial infections in patients with AIDS. The newly developed drug, fumagillin, can ameliorate ocular microsporidiosis. The newly developed drug, paromycin, treats cryptosporidiosis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treats cyclosporiasis and isosporiasis.
Firefly luciferase ATP assay as a screening method for bacteriuria (1983)

A rapid (15 min) test for bacteriuria based on firefly luciferase analysis of bacterial ATP has been evaluated in 2,018 clinical urine specimens. The test procedure involves removal of nonbacterial ATP by treatment of urine with Triton X-100 and apyrase, extraction of bacterial ATP by boiling, and bioluminescent analysis of bacterial ATP by firefly luciferase, using a luminometer. For comparison, the widely used nitrite test was included in the study as an example of an alternative rapid chemical test. The test was set up to distinguish between specimens yielding greater than 10(5) CFU/ml and specimens yielding less than 10(5) CFU/ml. A level of 13.5 nM ATP was chosen to define the limit between negative and positive results. At this discriminatory level, 92% of specimens yielding greater than 10(5) CFU/ml and 88% of specimens yielding less than 10(5) CFU/ml were correctly classified with the luciferase method, whereas corresponding figures for the nitrite test were 55 and 99%, respectively. Of the 12% false luciferase positives, 20% were shown to contain greater than 10(5) CFU/ml on prolonged incubation, thus reducing the false-positive rate to 10%. Of the 8% false luciferase negatives, 65% had low levels of CFU in the range of 10(5) to 10(6).
RFID based Paid Parking System (2017)

“We are changing the world with technology”, Bill Gates once said. Perhaps, if we heard that a couple of years ago we would wonder what impact can technology have in our lives;and here we are nowadays living in the era where it has become a textbfman’s best friend in every possible field of his daily life.And while we live in the era where technology can and is offering so much, it is inevitable to focus on a problem that is affecting the parking industry. Overpopulation and traffic are now spread conditions all over the world, so it is important to mention that having parking systems that still rely on employees to perform thousands of parking transactions is both a waste of profit for the industry and a waste of a customer’s time. The purpose of this project is to make parking more efficient for people and to increase the profit of companies. In this paper, the first part gives an introduction, the second part presents our work objectives. While the next part deals with a comparison between our system and a similar one which has been implemented before. In part four, we will introduce the ways and the software methods we use to accomplish our mission. The hardware implementation will be showed in part five. In part six, a brief experimental analysis is presented. Finally, in the seventh part, a general conclusion, lessons learned, and announcement of future work will be there.
Effects of a pressure release on virus retention with the Ultipor DV20 membrane (2013)

Recent data have shown that a temporary release in the transmembrane pressure can cause a significant increase in virus transmission through a number of commercial virus filters. The objective of this work was to study the effect of a pressure release on retention of the bacteriophage ΦX174 by the Ultipor DV20 membrane, with phage capture within the membrane visualized by confocal microscopy. Phage challenge tests showed a significant transient increase in phage transmission (typically by an order of magnitude) immediately after a pressure release. This transient increase was not due to any damage to the filter or to the presence of a back-flow (from permeate to feed). Confocal images demonstrated that the pressure release caused the migration of previously captured bacteriophage further into the depth of the filter. Data were analyzed using a modified internal polarization model, with the results providing important insights into the factors controlling virus retention during virus filtration.
Cytologic Features of Hyalinizing Trabecular Adenoma of the Thyroid (2003)

Cytologic findings indicating HTA are vague, curved nuclear palsiading; radiating arrangement surrounding hyaline material; elongated cells; cell processes; ill-defined cell border; faintly stained and filamentous cytoplasm; yellow bodies; and hyaline material in the background. All are useful cytologic characteristics in distinguishing HTA from papillary carcinoma. A lack of papillary architecture and sheetlike arrangement may also suggest HTA rather than papillary carcinoma.