gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth inhibition of human osteosarcomas in nude mice by human interferon-alpha: significance of dose and tumor differentiation. (1987)

The sensitivity of 11 human osteosarcoma xenografts in nude mice to human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) was studied. Growth inhibition could be demonstrated in all tumors but the necessary IFN-alpha dose ranged from 1 X 10(5)-1 X 10(6) IU/day. IFN-alpha had to be given daily to attain growth arrest and growth resumed after reduction of the IFN-alpha dose. The xenografts could be divided in two groups based on their sensitivity to IFN-alpha: one group of five xenografts that were growth arrested by IFN-alpha, 2 X 10(5) IU/day, and another group of six xenografts in which this dose was insufficient to arrest growth. The proportions of S-phase cells, determined by DNA flow cytometry of untreated control xenografts, were lower in the former group compared to the latter less IFN-alpha sensitive group. Histological examination revealed that in four of the five more IFN-alpha sensitive xenografts, tumor tissue was replaced by normal bone and marrow tissue. This was not seen in the respective control xenografts and not in any of the six less sensitive IFN-alpha treated xenografts. It appears that less proliferative osteosarcoma xenografts are more sensitive to growth inhibition by IFN-alpha. Interestingly the antitumor effect by IFN-alpha on these xenografts was expressed not only by growth arrest but also by tumor differentiation.
Supplementary material from "On explicit Wiener–Hopf factorization of 2 × 2 matrices in a vicinity of a given matrix. 17 January 2020 15 May 2020" (2020)

As it is known, the existence of the Wiener–Hopf factorization for a given matrix is a well-studied problem. Severe difficulties arise, however, when one needs to compute the factors approximately and obtain the partial indices. This problem is very important in various engineering applications and, therefore, remains to be subject of intensive investigations. In the present paper, we approximate a given matrix function and then explicitly factorize the approximation regardless of whether it has stable partial indices. For this reason, a technique developed in the Janashia–Lagvilava matrix spectral factorization method is applied. Numerical simulations illustrate our ideas in simple situations that demonstrate the potential of the method.
A high-resolution spectroscopy study on bidimensional ordered structures: the (1 × 1) and (1 × 2) phases of Bi/InAs(110) (1999)

The room-temperature growth of bismuth on the InAs(110) surface and the Bi-(1 × 1) and Bi-(1 × 2) ordered phases have been studied by means of high-resolution ultra-violet photoemission and high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. A modified Stransky-Krastanov growth mode at room temperature and the stability of the (1 × 2)-symmetry phase in the 480-580 K annealing temperature range are deduced by quantitative analysis of the core-level data and Auger spectra. A Bi 5d and In 4d core-level analysis is presented, and discussed according to a recently proposed model for the (1 × 2) overlayer reconstruction. The formation of Bi-derived electronic states has been followed during the growth of the (1 × 1)-symmetry phase, showing a semiconducting behaviour at the monolayer coverage, with a well-defined gap state at 0.39 eV binding energy related to the Bi p-like dangling bonds. The (1 × 2)-Bi phase is metallic, as indicated by the well-defined Fermi edge and by the metallic-like quasi-elastic peak tail in the energy-loss spectra. The metallicity and the electronic structure of the (1 × 2)-Bi phase are discussed in relation to the available geometric structure.
Effect of geometry on concentration polarization in realistic heterogeneous permselective systems (2014)

This study extends previous analytical solutions of concentration polarization occurring solely in the depleted region, to the more realistic geometry consisting of a three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous ion-permselective medium connecting two opposite microchambers (i.e., a three-layer system). Under the local electroneutrality approximation, the separation of variable methods is used to derive an analytical solution of the electrodiffusive problem for the two opposing asymmetric microchambers. The assumption of an ideal permselective medium allows for the analytic calculation of the 3D concentration and electric potential distributions as well as a current-voltage relation. It is shown that any asymmetry in the microchamber geometries will result in current rectification. Moreover, it is demonstrated that for non-negligible microchamber resistances, the conductance does not exhibit the expected saturation at low concentrations but instead shows a continuous decrease. The results are intended to facilitate a more direct comparison between theory and experiments, as now the voltage drop is across a realistic 3D and three-layer system.
Pedomorphosis revisited: thyroid hormone receptors are functional in Necturus maculosus (2006)

Heterochrony, a difference in developmental timing, is a central concept in modern evolutionary biology. An example is pedomorphosis, retention of juvenile characteristics in sexually mature adults, a phenomenon largely represented in salamanders. The mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) is an obligate pedomorphic amphibian, never undergoing metamorphosis. Thyroid hormone induces tissue transformation in metamorphosing species and this action is mediated by nuclear thyroid hormone (TH) receptors (TRs). The absence of metamorphosis in Necturus has been attributed to a resistance to TH action as treatment with exogenous TH fails to induce transformation. The failure to metamorphose could be due to the lack of TR expression in target tissues, or to a loss of TR function. Toward understanding the molecular basis for the failure of Necturus tissues to respond to TH, and the ultimate cause for the expression of the obligate pedomorphic life history, we characterized the structure, function, and expression of TR genes in Necturus. Strikingly, we found that Necturus TRα and TRβ genes encode fully functional TR proteins. These TRs bind both DNA and TH and can transactivate target genes in response to TH. Both TRα and TRβ are expressed in various tissues. TH treatment in vivo induced expression in the gill of some but not all genes known to be activated by TH in anuran larvae, caused whole organism metabolic effects, but induced no external morphological changes in adults or larvae. Thus, Necturus possesses fully functional TRs and its tissues are not generally resistant to the actions of TH. Rather, the absence of metamorphosis may be due to the loss of TH‐dependent control of key genes required for tissue transformation.
The Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (2012)

The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) constructs
routes by using Objective Functions that optimize or constrain the
routes it selects and uses. This specification describes the Minimum
Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF), an Objective Function
that selects routes that minimize a metric, while using hysteresis to
reduce churn in response to small metric changes. MRHOF works with
additive metrics along a route, and the metrics it uses are determined
by the metrics that the RPL Destination Information Object (DIO)
messages advertise. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a β-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination (1984)

The chemistry, microbiology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, adverse effects, and dosage of amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic combination, are reviewed. Clavulanic acid is a "suicide" inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has been effective in preventing destruction of penicillins by these enzymes. Clavulanic acid alone has weak antibacterial activity against most organisms. After oral administration, clavulanic acid is rapidly absorbed; amoxicillin appears to increase its absorption. Absorption of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is not affected by food. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is effective in treating both acute uncomplicated and complicated urinary-tract infections and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by amoxicillin-resistant organisms in adults. It appears to be comparable in efficacy to cefaclor for treating uncomplicated urinary-tract infections in adults and children, acute bronchitis and bronchopneumonia, and acute sinusitis, otitis media, and skin and soft-tissue infections in children. Other infections for which the combination has been effective include cellulitis and intra-abdominal and pelvic sepsis caused by mixed aerobic/anaerobic organisms. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid has also successfully cured urethritis in men caused by penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae and is superior to amoxicillin alone for beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus ducreyi infections (chancroid). Diarrhea or loose stools is the most common side effect seen with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; nausea, vomiting, and skin rash may also occur. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be lessened by taking the combination with food.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Low Phase Noise Planar Oscillator Using Compact Quarter-Wavelength Step-Impedance Resonators with Mixed Electrical and Magnetic Coupling (2018)

In this letter, a low phase noise oscillator using a compact SIR EMC filter as frequency stabilization element is presented. The proposed filter is composed of a pair of compact quarter-wavelength step-impedance resonators (SIR) with mixed electrical and magnetic coupling (EMC). Due to introducing EMC between two resonators, a transmission zero (TZ) closed to the upper passband is realized and the upper-passband of the filter exhibits sharp selectivity characteristic. It achieves high group delay peak and high quality (Q) factor close to TZ. Therefore, the phase noise (PN) of microwave planar oscillator using this proposed filter can be reduced significantly at the oscillation frequency close to the high group delay peak frequency. To prove the method mentioned above, an S-band planar oscillator using the proposed filter with compact size is designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the designed oscillation frequency is 2.493GHz with 6.1dBm output power and its PN is -125.6 and -141.1 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequency, respectively. The figure of merit of the oscillator at 100kHz offset frequency is -198.5 dBc/Hz.
Development of maizeSNP3072, a high-throughput compatible SNP array, for DNA fingerprinting identification of Chinese maize varieties (2015)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are abundant and evenly distributed throughout the maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) genome. SNPs have several advantages over simple sequence repeats, such as ease of data comparison and integration, high-throughput processing of loci, and identification of associated phenotypes. SNPs are thus ideal for DNA fingerprinting, genetic diversity analysis, and marker-assisted breeding. Here, we developed a high-throughput and compatible SNP array, maizeSNP3072, containing 3072 SNPs developed from the maizeSNP50 array. To improve genotyping efficiency, a high-quality cluster file, maizeSNP3072_GT.egt, was constructed. All 3072 SNP loci were localized within different genes, where they were distributed in exons (43 %), promoters (21 %), 3' untranslated regions (UTRs; 22 %), 5' UTRs (9 %), and introns (5 %). The average genotyping failure rate using these SNPs was only 6 %, or 3 % using the cluster file to call genotypes. The genotype consistency of repeat sample analysis on Illumina GoldenGate versus Infinium platforms exceeded 96.4 %. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of the SNPs averaged 0.37 based on data from 309 inbred lines. The 3072 SNPs were highly effective for distinguishing among 276 examined hybrids. Comparative analysis using Chinese varieties revealed that the 3072SNP array showed a better marker success rate and higher average MAF values, evaluation scores, and variety-distinguishing efficiency than the maizeSNP50K array. The maizeSNP3072 array thus can be successfully used in DNA fingerprinting identification of Chinese maize varieties and shows potential as a useful tool for germplasm resource evaluation and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
Amino acid sequence of the b subunit of human factor XIII, a protein composed of ten repetitive segments (1986)

Factor XIII is a plasma protein that participates in the final stages of blood coagulation. The complete amino acid sequence of the b subunit of human factor XIII was determined by a combination of cDNA cloning and amino acid sequence analysis. A lambda gt11 cDNA library prepared from human liver mRNA was screened with an affinity-purified antibody against the b subunit of human factor XIII. Nine positive clones were isolated from 2 X 10(6) phage and plaque-purified. The largest cDNA insert was sequenced and shown to contain 2180 base pairs coding for a portion of the leader sequence (19 amino acids), the mature protein (641 amino acids), a stop codon (TGA), a 3' noncoding region (187 nucleotides), and a poly(A) tail. When the b subunit of human factor XIII was digested with cyanogen bromide, nine peptides were isolated by gel filtration and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Amino acid sequence analyses of these peptides were performed with an automated sequenator, and 299 amino acid residues were identified. These amino acid sequences were in complete agreement with the amino acid sequence predicted from the cDNA. The b subunit of factor XIII contained 10 repetitive homologous segments, each composed of about 60 amino acids and 4 half-cystine residues. Each of these repeated segments is a member of a family of repeats present in human beta 2-glycoprotein I, complement factor B, and haptoglobin alpha 1 chain. Three potential Asn-linked carbohydrate attachment sites were also identified in the b subunit of factor XIII.
Evaluation of the Biological Properties and Cross-Reactive Antibody Response to H10 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets (2017)

The recent outbreak of avian origin H10N7 influenza among seals in northern Europe and two fatal human infections with an avian H10N8 virus in China have demonstrated that H10 viruses can spread between mammals and cause severe disease in humans. To gain insight into the potential for H10 viruses to cross the species barrier and to identify a candidate vaccine strain, we evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> properties and antibody response in ferrets to 20 diverse H10 viruses. H10 virus infection of ferrets caused variable weight loss, and all 20 viruses replicated throughout the respiratory tract; however, replication in the lungs was highly variable. In glycan-binding assays, the H10 viruses preferentially bound "avian-like" α2,3-linked sialic acids. Importantly, several isolates also displayed strong binding to long-chain "human-like" α2,6-linked sialic acids and exhibited comparable or elevated neuraminidase activity relative to human H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2 viruses. In hemagglutination inhibition assays, 12 antisera cross-reacted with ≥14 of 20 H10 viruses, and 7 viruses induced neutralizing activity against ≥15 of the 20 viruses. By combining data on weight loss, viral replication, and the cross-reactive antibody response, we identified A/mallard/Portugal/79906/2009 (H10N7) as a suitable virus for vaccine development. Collectively, our findings suggest that H10 viruses may continue to sporadically infect humans and other mammals, underscoring the importance of developing an H10 vaccine for pandemic preparedness.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Avian origin H10 influenza viruses sporadically infect humans and other mammals; however, little is known about viruses of this subtype. Thus, we characterized the biological properties of 20 H10 viruses <i>in vitro</i> and in ferrets. Infection caused mild to moderate weight loss (5 to 15%), with robust viral replication in the nasal tissues and variable replication in the lung. H10 viruses preferentially bind "avian-like" sialic acids, although several isolates also displayed binding to "human-like" sialic acid receptors. This is consistent with the ability of H10 viruses to cross the species barrier and warrants selection of an H10 vaccine strain. By evaluating the cross-reactive antibody response to the H10 viruses and combining this analysis with viral replication and weight loss findings, we identified A/mallard/Portugal/79906/2009 (H10N7) as a suitable H10 vaccine strain.
Investigation of neuroprotective activity of apolipoprotein E peptide mimetic Cog1410 in transgenic lines of drosophila melanogaster (2014)

The neuroprotective activity of apolipoprotein E (apoE) peptide mimetic Cog1410, containing amino acid sequence of the receptor-binding domain apoE, has been investigated in transgenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster expressing human APP and beta-secretase. Expression of two transgenes caused neuropathological processes attributed to Alzheimer's disease: neurodegeneration, cognitive abnormality and amyloid deposits formation in brain. It was shown that Cog 1410 reduces neurodegeneration in brain of transgenic flies and improves cognitive functions (odor recognition). These data suggest that Cog1410 is a potential neuroprotector that can be used in AD treatment.
A comparison of two ways to reducing the mutual coupling of chipless RFID tag scatterers (2016)

This paper presents two ways to reduce the mutual coupling between the resonators of the RFID chipless tags. This reduction significantly improves the uniformity of the RCS response of the tag over the operational frequency range from 2 to 4 GHz. The first modification to the tag layout is based on an inter-element rearrangement of the array elements. The second layout modification is based on narrowing the strip width and tapering the longitudinal dipole arms toward the open end. Significantly improved homogeneity of the RCS response in comparison with the original array of folded dipole scatterers was confirmed by simulation and by measurements of 20-bit chipless RFID transponders. The second modification further improves the frequency resolution, which may consequently provide higher encoding capacity in a unit area, but at the expense of a decreased RCS response.
Cardiac Mucormycosis: A Report of Five Patients and Review of 14 Previously Reported Cases (1982)

Five patients with mucormycosis of the heart are described. Two had leukemia,, one had multiple myeloma, one sideroblastic anemia, and one had been wounded when a body trap exploded. None had diabetes. In addition to heart involvement, each had mucormycosis of the lungs. Kidney was infected in two patients and gastrointestinal tract, spleen, liver, adrenal, brain, and skin were each involved in one patient. Three patients had cardiac symptoms. The findings in ten previously reported patients with de novo cardiac mucormycosis and in four patients with mucormycosis occurring in association with cardiovascular surgery are summarized.
Identification of Domains of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Receptor That Are Required for Protection from Apoptosis (1997)

Using a series of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor mutants, we have attempted to define domains required for transmitting the antiapoptotic signal from the receptor and to compare these domains with those required for mitogenesis or transformation. In FL5.12 cells transfected with wild-type IGF-I receptors, IGF-I affords protection from interleukin 3 withdrawal but is not mitogenic. An IGF-I receptor lacking a functional ATP binding site provided no protection from apoptosis. However, receptors mutated at tyrosine residue 950 or in the tyrosine cluster (1131, 1135, and 1136) within the kinase domain remained capable of suppressing apoptosis, although such mutations are known to inactivate transforming and mitogenic functions. In the C terminus of the IGF-I receptor, two mutations, one at tyrosine 1251 and one which replaced residues histidine 1293 and lysine 1294, abolished the antiapoptotic function, whereas mutation of the four serines at 1280 to 1283 did not. Interestingly, receptors truncated at the C terminus had enhanced antiapoptotic function. In Rat-1/ c-MycER fibroblasts, the Y950F mutant and the tyrosine cluster mutant could still provide protection from c-Myc-induced apoptosis, whereas mutant Y1250/1251F could not. These studies demonstrate that the domains of the IGF-I receptor required for its antiapoptotic function are distinct from those required for its proliferation or transformation functions and suggest that domains of the receptor required for inhibition of apoptosis are necessary but not sufficient for transformation.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Role for CED-9 and Egl-1 as regulators of mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics. (2006)

Bcl-2 family proteins play central roles in apoptosis by regulating the release of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins such as cytochrome c. Death-promoting Bcl-2 family members, such as Bax, can promote cytochrome c release and fragmentation of the mitochondrial network, whereas apoptosis-inhibitory members, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, can antagonize these events. It remains unclear whether CED-9, the worm Bcl-2 relative, can regulate mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics or the release of proteins from the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Here, we show that CED-9 interacts with Mitofusin-2/fuzzy onions and can promote mitochondrial clustering and dramatic reorganization of mitochondrial networks. Consistent with its ability to neutralize CED-9 function, EGL-1 antagonized CED-9-dependent remodeling of the mitochondrial network. However, CED-9 failed to inhibit mitochondrial cytochrome c release or apoptosis induced by diverse triggers in mammalian cells. These data suggest that the ability to regulate mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics is an evolutionarily conserved property of the Bcl-2 family. PMID: 16543146
Further Studies of Gene-Control Systems in Maize (1963)

In this report, McClintock presented evidence from her own research and that of others to reassert her basic theoretical contention that controlling elements were indispensable for the normal functioning of plants, thus contradicting the argument made by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod that controlling elements were foreign particles.
Reciprocal regulation of the Il9 locus by counteracting activities of transcription factors IRF1 and IRF4 (2017)

The T helper 9 (Th9) cell transcriptional network is formed by an equilibrium of signals induced by cytokines and antigen presentation. Here we show that, within this network, two interferon regulatory factors (IRF), IRF1 and IRF4, display opposing effects on Th9 differentiation. IRF4 dose-dependently promotes, whereas IRF1 inhibits, IL-9 production. Likewise, IRF1 inhibits IL-9 production by human Th9 cells. IRF1 counteracts IRF4-driven Il9 promoter activity, and IRF1 and IRF4 have opposing function on activating histone modifications, thus modulating RNA polymerase II recruitment. IRF1 occupancy correlates with decreased IRF4 abundance, suggesting an IRF1-IRF4-binding competition at the Il9 locus. Furthermore, IRF1 shapes Th9 cells with an interferon/Th1 gene signature. Consistently, IRF1 restricts the IL-9-dependent pathogenicity of Th9 cells in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Thus our study reveals that the molecular ratio between IRF4 and IRF1 balances Th9 fate, thus providing new possibilities for manipulation of Th9 differentiation.
D-32 X-ray Microdiffraction Studies of Corrosion Scales in Old Iron/Steel Drinking Water Distribution Pipes (2004)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.