gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freebase (2008)

Freebase is a practical, scalable tuple database used to structure general human knowledge. The data in Freebase is collaboratively created, structured, and maintained. Freebase currently contains more than 125,000,000 tuples, more than 4000 types, and more than 7000 properties. Public read/write access to Freebase is allowed through an HTTP-based graph-query API using the Metaweb Query Language (MQL) as a data query and manipulation language. MQL provides an easy-to-use object-oriented interface to the tuple data in Freebase and is designed to facilitate the creation of collaborative, Web-based data-oriented applications.
The ‘Ossébo’ intervention for the prevention of injurious falls in elderly women: background and design (2013)

Falls and fall-related injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older people. Extensive research into falls prevention has established physical exercise as an efficient method to reduce falls, but the effect of exercise on serious injuries caused by falls remains unclear. Moreover, populations that would benefit most from these interventions, as well as factors that determine adherence to exercise remain underreported. THE OSSÉBO INTERVENTION: 'Ossébo' is an on-going multicenter randomized controlled trial, aiming to assess the effect of a two-year community-based group physical exercise program on the prevention of falls among women aged 75-85 years old. The primary outcome examined is the rate of falls and injurious falls: secondary outcomes include functional capacities, fear of falling and quality of life. This study will help determine the effectiveness of a large scale falls prevention program and the factors that can potentially assist its success.
Reliability, thermal, and power modeling and optimization (2010)

This tutorial provides an overview of challenges to designing and implementing reliable integrated circuits and systems, and suggests areas for future study. It illustrates some concepts in detail, explaining the challenges of appropriately considering the impact of temperature on reliability in fault-tolerant systems. Finally, it points out considerations that may influence adoption of reliability modeling and optimization techniques and stresses the importance of considering the most relevant fault processes during reliability modeling and optimization.
Regional Infoveillance of COVID-19 Case Rates: Analysis of Search-Engine Query Patterns (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Timely allocation of medical resources for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) requires early detection of regional outbreaks. Internet browsing data may predict case outbreaks in local populations that are yet to be confirmed. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> We investigated whether search-engine query patterns can help to predict COVID-19 case rates at the state and metropolitan area levels in the United States. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We used regional confirmed case data from the New York Times and Google Trends results from 50 states and 166 county-based designated market areas (DMA). We identified search terms whose activity precedes and correlates with confirmed case rates at the national level. We used univariate regression to construct a composite explanatory variable based on best-fitting search queries offset by temporal lags. We measured the raw and z-transformed Pearson correlation and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the explanatory variable with out-of-sample case rate data at the state and DMA levels. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Predictions were highly correlated with confirmed case rates at the state (mean &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.81; median RMSE 1.27, IQR 1.48) and DMA levels (mean &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.51, 95% CI 0.39-0.61; median RMSE 4.38, IQR 1.80), using search data available up to 10 days prior to confirmed case rates. They fit case-rate activity in 49 of 50 states and in 103 of 166 DMA at a significance level of .05. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Identifiable patterns in search query activity may help to predict emerging regional outbreaks of COVID-19, although they remain vulnerable to stochastic changes in search intensity. </sec>
A sequential linearization approach for solving mixed-discrete nonlinear design optimization problems (1989)

Journal of mechanisms, transmissions, and automation in design
A method of measuring the radio-opacity of catheters (1981)

Two methods for measuring the radio-opacity of catheters are described. An analysis of the physical quantities that are important for the satisfactory detection of a catheter inside a patient shows that an intrinsic index of radio-opacity can be defined and measured using a radiograph of a step wedge. Quantitative comparisons between catheters of different compositions may then be made, and results are presented of measurements made on several commercially available devices. It is suggested that the methods described are more satisfactory than previous techniques used to define standards, and that they highlight some anomalies in current catheter design and usage.
Organic oxygen characterization of coal and coal liquids. Quarterly progress report, February-April 1984 (1984)

Organically bound oxygen is one of the most abundant elements in coal, yet the amount and quality of data covering its abundance, mode of occurrence and processing behavior are relatively lean. The rectification of this problem will require the development of appropriate methods of oxygen determination which have been lacking in the past. The stature of coal science today demands a technique for organic oxygen determination other than the outdated and error-prone ''oxygen-by-difference'' calculation. This investigation addresses this need and intends to develop methods suitable not only for total organic oxygen determination, but also for determination of oxygen functionality. The methods and techniques developed will then be applied to practical needs in characterizing the oxygen geochemistry of coal and the evaluation of coal drying in solvents on liquefaction behavior. 9 refs., 3 figs., 8 tabs.
N2+quadrupole transitions with small Zeeman shift (2015)

The vibrational transition frequencies of a ${{\mathrm{N}}_{2}}^{+}$ molecular ion are advantageous for precise measurement because the Stark shift is much smaller than that of heteronuclear diatomic molecules. The ${}^{14}{{\mathrm{N}}_{2}}^{+}$ S(0) transition has been observed by a group in Basel. For most transitions, the Zeeman shift limits the attainable accuracy. This paper reports the quadrupole transitions (observed with simpler apparatus than that required for the Raman transition) for which the Zeeman shift is less than 100 Hz at a magnetic field of 1 G. $\mathrm{Q}\left(N\right)$ transitions ($N$: even) of the molecular ion with $I=0$ are advantageous for measurement within an uncertainty of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$. The transition frequencies of molecular ions with $I\ensuremath{\ne}0$ are difficult to measure within an uncertainty of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ because $J$-mixing makes the linear Zeeman coefficient in the Q transitions large and narrow hyperfine splitting makes the quadratic Zeeman coefficient large.
Nefopam‐Enantiomere: Isolierung und antinocizeptive Wirkung (1987)

Abstract Die optischen Isomeren des Analgetikums Nefopam (Ajan R ) wurden durch chromatographische Racematspaltung an mikrokristallinem Cellulosetriacetat und durch fraktionierte Kristallisation der diastereomeren Salze mit Dibenzoylweinsäure erhalten. Im hot plate‐ und writhing‐Test ist (+)‐Nefopam das stärker wirksame Enantiomer.
Electrochemical and spectral characterization of copper, zinc, and vanadyl meso-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin complexes in dimethylformamide (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical and spectral characterization of copper, zinc, and vanadyl meso-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin complexes in dimethylformamideK. M. Kadish, C. Araullo, G. B. Maiya, D. Sazou, J. M. Barbe, and R. GuilardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 13, 2528–2533Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00312a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00312a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views468Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performant Mutation Identification Using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing of 14 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Genes (2015)

At least 14 causative genes have been identified for both syndromic and nonsyndromic forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm/dissection (TAA), an important cause of death in the industrialized world. Molecular confirmation of the diagnosis is increasingly important for gene-tailored patient management but consecutive, conventional molecular TAA gene screening is expensive and labor-intensive. To circumvent these problems, we developed a TAA gene panel for next-generation sequencing of 14 TAA genes. After validation, we applied the assay to 100 Marfan patients. We identified 90 FBN1 mutations, 44 of which were novel. In addition, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification identified large deletions in six of the remaining samples, whereas false-negative results were excluded by Sanger sequencing of FBN1, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2 in the last four samples. Subsequently, we screened 55 syndromic and nonsyndromic TAA patients. We identified causal mutations in 15 patients (27%), one in each of the six following genes: ACTA2, COL3A1, TGFBR1, MYLK, SMAD3, SLC2A10 (homozygous), two in NOTCH1, and seven in FBN1. We conclude that our approach for TAA genetic testing overcomes the intrinsic hurdles of consecutive Sanger sequencing of all candidate genes and provides a powerful tool for the elaboration of clinical phenotypes assigned to different genes.
Structural analysis of protein–protein interactions in type I polyketide synthases (2012)

Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are responsible for synthesizing a myriad of natural products with agricultural, medicinal relevance. The PKSs consist of multiple functional domains of which each can catalyze a specified chemical reaction leading to the synthesis of polyketides. Biochemical studies showed that protein-substrate and protein-protein interactions play crucial roles in these complex regio-/stereo-selective biochemical processes. Recent developments on X-ray crystallography and protein NMR techniques have allowed us to understand the biosynthetic mechanism of these enzymes from their structures. These structural studies have facilitated the elucidation of the sequence-function relationship of PKSs and will ultimately contribute to the prediction of product structure. This review will focus on the current knowledge of type I PKS structures and the protein-protein interactions in this system.
Cephalic and Pharyngeal Structures in Microfilariae Revealed by Staining (1968)

(1) Staining methods using paraldehyde-fuchsin, chrome-haematoxylin, and alcian blue or astra blue following oxidation, have demonstrated the shape of the hook and other structures on the cephalic space of microfilariae. These structures are described for three species of the genus Brugia, B. malayi, B. pahangi and B. patei , and are compared with the related structures found in the genera Wuchereria, Loa, Cardiofilaria, Onchocerca, Mansonella, Dipetalonema and Litomosoides . (2) In Brugia the hook of the microfilaria is V-shaped and is supported basally by a pair of transverse basal pieces which are closely associated with an oral ring. Similar structures are found in the microfilariae of Wuchereria and Loa except that in Loa the hook is supported below by a semi-circular arch. In Brugia there is a row of three spines transversely on the cephalic space opposite the hook complex, the spines being markedly shorter in B. patei than in the other two species; in Wuchereria there is a single transverse row of four spines, and in Loa there are two or three transverse rows of spines, No spines arranged opposite the hook complex were observed in the other genera. The hook and associated structures in Cardiofilaria are similar in arrangement to those of Loa , and the small structures in Mansonella can possibly be derived from a similar arrangement. In Onchocerca the hook has the appearance of a broad plate and in Dipetalonema perstans part of the surface of the cephalic space appears to be involved with the small pointed “hook”. In Litomosoides the tip of the cephalic space is covered by a helmet-like structure carrying a pointed beak-like projection. (3) It is suggested, from their staining reactions, that the cephalic structures of microfilariae are particularly rich in disulphide bonds, suggesting the presence of cystine. (4) The staining methods also demonstrate an internal thread of tissue in microfilariae which extends in Brugia from the tip of the cephalic space back to the innen korper. A similar thread is present in the microfilaria of Wuchereria, Loa, Cardiofilaria and Mansonella but was not observed in the other genera, although a short thread of tissue was stained in the cephalic space in Onchocerca and Litomosoides . In Brugia , the buccal capsule, the pharynx and the pharyngo-intestinal valve develop around the pharyngeal thread of the microfilaria. The extreme end of the thread, around which the pharyngo-intestinal valve develops, differs in its staining reactions from the rest of the thread. (5) The staining reactions of the pharyngeal thread in the microfilaria of Brugia show resemblances to those of “elastic” fibres in other invertebrates and oxytalan fibres of vertebrates. The pharyngeal thread appears to contain an acid mucopolysaccharide component. (6) The possible functions of the cephalic and pharyngeal structures in the microfilariae are discussed briefly. (7) A staining routine for demonstrating the structures described in this paper is given in an appendix.
Solid oxide fuel cell composite cathodes prepared by infiltration of copper manganese spinel into porous yttria stabilized zirconia (2008)

Composite cathodes of Cu1.25Mn1.75O4 (CMO) spinel and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were made by infiltration of a precursor Cu–Mn gel into a porous YSZ matrix. Structural characterization showed no evidence of secondary phases but revealed a continuous network of CMO in the YSZ framework. Impedance spectroscopy and overpotential measurements revealed that the CMO–YSZ composite cathode had better electrochemical performance than the traditional LSM–YSZ cathode between 650 and 800 °C. A 50 wt% CMO impregnated YSZ cathode had a polarization resistance of 0.3 Ω cm2 at 750 °C, compared to 8.5 Ω cm2 for LSM–YSZ. Further investigation showed that charge transfer is the probable rate determining step for oxygen reduction in the CMO–YSZ cathode above 750 °C.
Regeneration of injured skeletal muscle in heat shock transcription factor 1-null mice (2013)

The purpose of this study was to investigate a role of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated stress response during regeneration of injured soleus muscle by using HSF1-null mice. Cardiotoxin (CTX) was injected into the left muscle of male HSF1-null and wild-type mice under anesthesia with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium. Injection of physiological saline was also performed into the right muscle. Soleus muscles were dissected bilaterally 2 and 4 weeks after the injection. The relative weight and fiber cross-sectional area in CTX-injected muscles of HSF1-null, not of wild-type, mice were less than controls with injection of physiological saline 4 weeks after the injury, indicating a slower regeneration. Injury-related increase of Pax7-positive muscle satellite cells in HSF1-null mice was inhibited versus wild-type mice. HSF1-deficiency generally caused decreases in the basal expression levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs). But the mRNA expression levels of HSP25 and HSP90α in HSF1-null mice were enhanced in response to CTX-injection, compared with wild-type mice. Significant up-regulations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) -6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor mRNAs, with greater magnitude than in wild-type mice were observed in HSF1-deficient mouse muscle. HSF1 and/or HSF1-mediated stress response may play a key role in the regenerating process of injured skeletal muscle. HSF1 deficiency may depress the regenerating process of injured skeletal muscle via the partial depression of increase in Pax7-positive satellite cells. HSF1-deficiency-associated partial depression of skeletal muscle regeneration might also be attributed to up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the bovine tuftelin gene (1997)

The bovine tuftelin gene was cloned and its structure determined by DNA sequence analysis and comparison to that of bovine tuftelin cDNA. The analyses demonstrated that the cDNA contains a 1014-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 338 residues with a calculated mol. wt of 38,630 and an isoelectric point of 5.85. These results differ from those previously published, (1991) which contained a different conceptual amino acid sequence for the carboxy terminal region and identified a different termination codon. The protein does not appear to share homology or domain motifs with any other known protein. The gene consists of 13 exons ranging in size from 66 to 1531 bp, the latter containing the encoded carboxyterminal and 3' untranslated regions. The exons are embedded in more than 28 kbp of genomic DNA. Codons are generally not divided at exon/intron borders. Several alternatively spliced transcripts were identified by DNA sequence analysis of the isolated products produced by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction.
Fusion of fixation and odometry for vehicle navigation (2003)

Fixation is shown to be a visual routine which reduces dead-reckoning errors accumulated by an autonomous guided vehicle (AGV). By fixating on a landmark as the vehicle moves one can improve the navigation accuracy even if the scene coordinates of the landmark are unknown. In contrast with previous methods which assume that the coordinates of the landmark are known, our method enables any point of the observed scene to be selected as a landmark, and not just pre-measured points. Moreover, in contrast with other methods, in fixation only one point needs to be tracked. This disposes of the need to be able to identify which of the landmarks is currently being tracked, through a matching algorithm or by other means. Thus the incorporation of fixation into the navigation process does not involve long computation times and may be done while the vehicle is continuously moving. In addition to the basic method, we suggest an "emergency procedure" for obtaining absolute position once the vehicle gets lost. We support our findings with both experimental and simulation results.
Measurement of Pressures Generated in Root Canal During Er:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation (2020)

Objective: To measure distribution of pressures along the depth of the root canal during erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with different modalities and fiber tip (FT) geometries. Background: A new LAI modality based on the delivery of synchronized pairs of Er:YAG laser pulses to generate enhanced irrigant streaming and shock wave emission was recently introduced. However, the influence of FT geometry on efficacy and comparison with single pulse modality is not yet presented. Methods: Pressures within a simulated root canal were simultaneously measured at 5 depths during LAI. Seven FT geometries (conical and cylindrical) and two modalities [Super Short Pulse (SSP) and dual pulse AutoSWEEPS] were compared. Results: Under the same conditions, average pressures using SSP at 20 mJ of laser energy ranged from 111 Pa for a conical 600 μm FT to 225 Pa for a flat 400 μm FT. The measured pressures for the SSP and the AutoSWEEPS at 20 mJ laser energy were 223 and 308 Pa at the most coronal level and 119 and 126 Pa at the apical constriction, respectively. Measured pressures and irrigant penetration depths at different root canal levels were found to be linearly correlated (R2 = 0.82; p < 0.01). Conclusions: The generated pressures get progressively reduced from the coronal toward the apical third of the root canal. A strong dependence on the FT design and laser modality was observed. Within the limitations of the study, the AutoSWEEPS modality is more effective than standard SSP in generating pressures within the root canal, without increasing the risk of extrusion.
Photocatalytic Decomposition of Gaseous Ozone over TiO₂Thin Fiil (2003)

The characteristics of heterogeneous photocatalytic decomposition were investigated at low concentration level of 0₃ on Ti0₂ for various operating parameters such as: loaded catalyst weight (0-4 mg/cm²), initial concentration of 0, (0.06-10.0ppm), gas flow rate(1.0-2.5I1min), and relative humidity (0-80%). This study was conducted using a flow-type reactor at room temperature. Three kinds of pure Ti02 (P25, ST-Ol, and E-23) were employed as photocatalyts. It was found that 0₃ removal ratio was identical, regardless of the loaded Ti0₂ weight in the range from 0.5 to 4.0 mg/cm². It was also found that higher initial ozone concentration results in greater oxidation rate of ozone and experimental data show kinetically a good agreement with Langmur-Hinshelwood kinetic model. We also observed that the removal ratio of 0₃ decreases linearly with the increasing flow rate and also with the increasing relative humidity for each catalyst.
Two-qubit pulse gate for the three-electron double quantum dot qubit (2015)

The three-electron configuration of gate-defined double quantum dots encodes a promising qubit for quantum information processing. I propose a two-qubit entangling gate using a pulse-gated manipulation procedure. The requirements for high-fidelity entangling operations are equivalent to the requirements for the pulse-gated single-qubit manipulations that have been successfully realized for Si QDs. This two-qubit gate completes the universal set of all-pulse-gated operations for the three-electron double-dot qubit and paves the way for a scalable setup to achieve quantum computation.