gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Air Flow and Odor Emission Rate from a Simplified Open Manure Storage Tank (1995)

This study presents a numerical evaluation of air flow and odor emission rate from an open manure storage tank. Odor emission rate is needed to facilitate the odor dispersion study and to compare different odor sources in terms of odor emission. The concentration at the manure surface, the tank dimensions, and wind speed were used to calculate air flow and the emission rate. The SIMPLER algorithm developed by Patankar (1980) and a two-layer turbulence model were used in the numerical simulation with a grid of 152 139. The predicted emission rate agreed with the field measurement results found in the literature. Experimental verification of the air flow showed that the flow pattern and velocity profile prediction were also in agreement with the experimental results. The calculated odor-emission rate was a function of the manure surface area, the odor concentration at the manure surface, the tank dimensions, and the wind speed.
Application of the mRNA Capture Kit in cDNA-AFLP (2004)

Contains fulltext : 60161.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Alcohol Solutions. (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcess Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Alcohol Solutions.R. F. Lama and Benjamin C.-Y. LuCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1965, 10, 3, 216–219Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60026a003https://doi.org/10.1021/je60026a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3166Altmetric-Citations215LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DNA-based methodologies to detect and quantify the postharvest biocontrol agentPantoea agglomeransCPA-2 applied on oranges (2016)

ISHS III International Symposium on Postharvest Pathology: Using Science to Increase Food Availability DNA-based methodologies to detect and quantify the postharvest biocontrol agent Pantoea agglomerans CPA-2 applied on oranges
Noise covariances estimation for systems with bias states (2000)

This paper presents a new approach to noise covariances estimation for a linear, time-invariant, stochastic system with constant but unknown bias states. The system is supposed to satisfy controllable/observable conditions without bias states. Based on a restructured data representation, the covariance of a new variable that consists of measurement vectors is expressed as a linear combination of unknown parameters. Noise covariances are then estimated by employing a recursive least-squares algorithm. The proposed method requires no a priori estimates of noise covariances, provides consistent estimates, and can also be applied when the relationship between bias states and other states is unknown. The method has been applied to strapdown inertial navigation system initial alignment. Simulation results indicate a satisfactory performance of the proposed method.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONAL BEHAVIOR OF TETRAANTHRANILIDES (1981)

Abstract Aus den Nitroverbindungen (I) entstehen Amine (Ic), die in der angegebenen Weise über (II) in Tetra‐anthranilide (III) übergehen.
Photolithography at 193 nm (1992)

Photolithography at 193 nm is a natural continuation of the progression from 436 to 365 to 248 nm in lithography, dictated by the requirement for continually higher resolution. It is anticipated that 193-nm lithography will enable 0.25-μm patterning in volume production with conventional masks, and 0.18-μm resolution with phase-shifting masks. The main issues related to lithography at this new wavelength are being addressed. It has been shown that highly transparent optical materials are available at 193 nm. Also, they are damaged by the laser radiation at a slow enough rate that high-quality projection optics are expected to perform within specifications for ten years of full-time operation. Consequently, a 193-nm step-and-scan system is being constructed, and it has been designed to attain 0.25-μm resolution over a 22 by 35 mm field. A range of 193-nm photoresist schemes has been demonstrated. They include semitransparent single-layer resists, positive-tone surface imaging (silylation), and negative-tone bilayers using ultrathin silicon-based polymers. In most instances we have demonstrated sub-0.25-μm resolution, high photosensitivity, good exposure–defocus latitude, and very low levels of etch residue. In sum, the first successful steps towards a fully engineered 193-nm photolithography have been taken, and no major obstacles are anticipated.
Energy Efficient Computing with Time-Based Digital Circuits (2019)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2019. Major: Electrical Engineering. Advisor: Chris Kim. 1 computer file (PDF); xv, 150 pages.
Results from ZMEVVA: A new source for heavy-ion accelerators (2002)

We are developing a new approach for heavy ion beam injection (e.g., into the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider [RHIC] at BNL). While conventional Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc (MEVVA) ion sources (I.G. Brown, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 3061 (1994).) can produce up to hundreds of milliamps or more of several-times-ionized metal ions (e.g., U/sup 3+/), the recent results from Batalin et al. (V.A. Batalin et al. ITEP, Moscow, Reprints 18-93 (1993), 33-94 (1994); Proc. EPAC 1994, p.1453.) indicate that the addition of an energetic electron beam (EMEVVA) may lead to considerably higher charge states (e.g., U/sup 17+/). An alternative way to produce the electron beam is ZMEVVA, in which a z-discharge plasma is used to enhance multiple ionization. As the vacuum arc plasma plume expands into a magnetized drift region, a z-discharge is triggered in the drifting metal plasma. The ions are then extracted and analyzed using a time-of-flight system. We report recent results using applied discharge voltages from 1 to 2 kV.
Targeted light-inactivation of the Ki-67 protein using theranostic liposomes leads to death of proliferating cells (2010)

Nanomedicine is beginning to impact the treatment of several diseases and current research efforts include development of integrated nano-constructs (theranostics) which serve as probes for imaging and therapy in addition to delivering macromolecules intracellularly. In cancer, there is a vital unmet need for effective alternative treatments with high specificity and low systemic toxicity. This can be achieved by targeting key molecular markers associated with cancer cells with reduced effective drug doses. Here, we show an innovative proof-of-principle approach for efficient killing of proliferating ovarian cancer cells by inactivating a protein associated with cell proliferation namely, the nuclear Ki-67 protein (pKi-67), using nanotechnology-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). Antibodies against pKi-67 are widely used as prognostic tools for tumor diagnosis. In this work, anti pKi-67 antibodies were first conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and then encapsulated inside liposomes. After incubation of OVCAR-5 ovarian cancer cells with these liposomes, confocal microscopy confirmed the localization of the antibodies to the nucleoli of the cells. Irradiation with a 488 nm laser led to a significant loss of cell viability. The specificity of this approach for pKi-67 positive cells was demonstrated in confluent human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) where only a small population of cells stain positive for pKi-67 and only minimal cell death was observed. Taken together, our findings suggest that pKi-67 targeted with nano-platform is an attractive therapeutic target in cancer therapy.
Hyperbranched Acrylate Copolymer via Initiator‐Fragment Incorporation Radical Copolymerization of Divinylbenzene and Ethyl Acrylate: Synthesis, Characterization, Hydrolysis, Dye‐Solubilization, Ag Particle‐Stabilization, and Porous Film Formation (2006)

Abstract Summary: Soluble hyperbranched acrylate copolymers were prepared by the copolymerization of divinylbenzene (0.10 mol · L −1 ) and ethyl acrylate (0.50 mol · L −1 ) using dimethyl 2,2′‐azoisobutyrate of high concentrations (0.30–0.50 mol · L −1 ) as initiator at 70 and 80 °C in benzene. The copolymer formed at 80 °C for 1 h showed the weight‐average molecular weight of 2.5 × 10 5 , the small radius of gyration of 10 nm, the low second virial coefficient of 5.7 × l0 −7 mL · g −2 as shown by the MALLS measurements at 25 °C in tetrahydrofuran, and also the very low intrinsic viscosity of 0.10 dL · g −1 at 30 °C in benzene. The hyperbranched copolymer exhibited an upper critical solution temperature (35 °C on cooling) in an acetone‐water (60:11 v/v). The copolymer showed an ability to encapsulate and transfer Rhodamine 6G as a dye probe and could stabilize Ag nanoparticles. The porous film was prepared by simply casting an acetone solution of the hyperbranched copolymer on a cover glass. The copolymer molecules radially arranged on the surface layer of the spherical pores as observed by the polarized optical microscope. The hyperbranched acrylate copolymer was hydrolyzed by KOH to yield poly(carboxylic acid). Optical microscope image (crossed polarizers) of a porous film from copolymer solution in acetone. image Optical microscope image (crossed polarizers) of a porous film from copolymer solution in acetone.
Euclidean Distance-Optimal Post-Processing of Grid-Based Paths (2021)

Paths planned over grids can often be suboptimal in an Euclidean space and contain a large number of unnecessary turns. Consequently, researchers have looked into post-processing techniques to improve the paths after they are planned. In this paper, we propose a novel post-processing technique, called Homotopic Visibility Graph Planning (HVG) which differentiates itself from existing post-processing methods in that it is guaranteed to shorten the path such that it is at least as short as the provably shortest path that lies within the same topological class as the initially computed path. We propose the algorithm, provide proofs and compare it experimentally against other post-processing methods and any-angle planning algorithms.
PRINS Non-Coding RNA Regulates Nucleic Acid-Induced Innate Immune Responses of Human Keratinocytes (2017)

Cytosolic DNA fragments are recognized as pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns that induce a cascade of innate immune responses. Moreover, excessive cytosolic DNA can enhance chronic inflammation, predominantly by activating inflammasomes, and thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis associated non-protein coding RNA induced by stress (PRINS) is a long non-coding RNA, which has been shown to be associated with psoriasis susceptibility and cellular stress responses; however, the precise mechanism of its action has not been determined. Here, we provide evidence that, in addition to inflammasome activation, cytosolic DNA induces intracellular inflammatory reactions while decreasing PRINS gene expression. Furthermore, PRINS overexpression can ameliorate the inflammatory-mediator production of keratinocytes induced by cytosolic DNA. Overexpression of PRINS resulted in decreased interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL-5) expression and secretion. <i>In silico</i> analysis predicted direct binding sites between PRINS and the mRNAs, which was confirmed by an <i>in vitro</i> binding assay and on cellular level. Our results indicated that PRINS binds directly to the mRNAs of IL-6 and CCL-5 at specific binding sites and eventually destabilizes these mRNAs, leading to a decrease in their expression and secretion of the corresponding proteins. These results may indicate a restrictive role for PRINS in inflammatory processes.
Effects of pelleting conditioner retention time on nursery pig growth performance (2015)

A total of 180 nursery pigs (PIC 327 × 1050; initially 12.6 kg) were used in an 18-d study to determine the effects of pellet mill conditioning parameters and feed form on pig performance. All diets were similar, and different feed processing parameters were used to create experimental treatments. Factors considered were conditioning time (15, 30, or 60 s) and feed form (mash or pelleted). To remove the confounding factor of feed form, pelleted samples were reground to a similar particle size as the mash diet. Treatments included: 1) mash diet without thermal processing (negative control), 2) pelleted diet conditioned for 30 s (positive control), 3) pelleted diet conditioned for 15 s and reground, 4) pelleted diet conditioned for 30 s and reground, and 5) pelleted diet conditioned for 60 s and reground. Pigs were weaned and fed a common acclimation diet for 21 d before the start of the experiment. Growth and feed disappearance were then measured for 18 d. All diets had similar levels of percentage total starch, but thermally processed diets had a 1.67 to 1.87-fold increase in percentage gelatinized starch compared to the mash diet. Average daily gain and G:F did not differ between treatments overall, but pigs fed the positive control pelleted diet had decreased ADFI ( < 0.05) compared to pigs fed all other diets. Preplanned contrasts revealed that pigs fed mash diets tended to have greater ADG ( < 0.10) compared to those fed pelleted and reground diets. This suggests that processing may have had a negative influence on feed utilization, which is further supported by the finding that pigs fed mash diets tended to have greater ADG ( < 0.10) compared to those fed diets that were thermally processed, regardless of regrinding. Considering these results, it was not surprising that pigs fed mash diets had greater ADG and ADFI ( < 0.05) than those fed pelleted diets. When directly comparing diets conditioned at 60 rpm, fed either as whole pellets or reground to mash consistency, pigs fed pelleted diets had improved G:F ( < 0.05) due to lower ADFI ( < 0.05) but similar ADG. The expected improvement in G:F from pelleting (6.8%) was observed but lost when diets were reground to near original mash particle size. This may indicate that diet form from the actual pelleting process impacts G:F more than conditioner retention time.
The Rickettsia prowazekii ExoU Homologue Possesses Phospholipase A 1 (PLA 1 ), PLA 2 , and Lyso-PLA 2 Activities and Can Function in the Absence of Any Eukaryotic Cofactors In Vitro (2011)

Here we have characterized the Rickettsia prowazekii RP534 protein, a homologue of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoU phospholipase A (PLA) secreted cytotoxin. Our studies showed that purified recombinant RP534 PLA possessed the predicted PLA(2) and lyso-PLA(2) activities based on what has been published for P. aeruginosa ExoU. RP534 also displayed PLA(1) activity under the conditions tested, whereas ExoU did not. In addition, recombinant RP534 displayed a basal PLA activity that could hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine in the absence of any eukaryotic cofactors. Interestingly, the addition of bovine liver superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a known activator of P. aeruginosa ExoU, resulted in an increased rate of RP534-catalyzed phospholipid hydrolysis, indicating that mechanisms of activation of the ExoU family of PLAs may be evolutionarily conserved. The mechanism of SOD1-dependent stimulation of RP534 was further examined using active site mutants and a fluorogenic phospholipid substrate whose hydrolysis by RP534 over a short time course is measureable only in the presence of SOD1. These studies suggest a mechanism by which SOD1 stimulates RP534 activity once it has bound to the substrate. We also show that antibody raised against RP534 was useful for immunoprecipitating active RP534 from R. prowazekii lysed cell extracts, thus verifying that this protein is expressed and active in rickettsiae isolated from embryonated hen egg yolk sacs.
Stimulation of zona incerta selectively modulates pain in humans (2021)

Stimulation of zona incerta in rodent models has been shown to modulate behavioral reactions to noxious stimuli. Sensory changes observed in Parkinsonian patients with subthalamic deep brain stimulation suggest that this effect is translatable to humans. Here, we utilized the serendipitous placement of subthalamic deep brain stimulation leads in 6 + 5 Parkinsonian patients to directly investigate the effects of zona incerta stimulation on human pain perception. We found that stimulation at 20 Hz, the physiological firing frequency of zona incerta, reduces experimental heat pain by a modest but significant amount, achieving a 30% reduction in one fifth of implants. Stimulation at higher frequencies did not modulate heat pain. Modulation was selective for heat pain and was not observed for warmth perception or pressure pain. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation of sensory changes seen in subthalamic deep brain stimulation patients and identify zona incerta as a potential target for neuromodulation of pain.
Rotation invariant detection of moving and standing objects using analogic cellular neural network algorithms based on ring codes (1995)

this paper, an optimal ring-coding method for rotation invariant description of given set of objects, is introduced. The design methodology of the templates based on the ring-codes and the synthesis of CNN analogic algorithms to detect standing and moving objects in a rotationally invariant way, is discussed in detail. It is shown that the algorithms can be implemented using the CNN Universal Machine, the recently invented analogic visual microprocessor. The estimated time performance and the parallel detecting capability is emphasized, the limitations are also thoroughly investigated.
High-performance routing in networks of workstations with irregular topology (2000)

Networks of workstations are rapidly emerging as a cost-effective alternative to parallel computers. Switch-based interconnects with irregular topology allow the wiring flexibility, scalability, and incremental expansion capability required in this environment. However, the irregularity also makes routing and deadlock avoidance on such systems quite complicated. In current proposals, many messages are routed following nonminimal paths, increasing latency and wasting resources. In this paper, we propose two general methodologies for the design of adaptive routing algorithms for networks with irregular topology. Routing algorithms designed according to these methodologies allow messages to follow minimal paths in most cases, reducing message latency and increasing network throughput. As an example of application, we propose two adaptive routing algorithms for ANI (previously known as Autonet). They can be implemented either by duplicating physical channels or by splitting each physical channel into two virtual channels. In the former case, the implementation does not require a new switch design. It only requires changing the routing tables and adding links in parallel with existing ones, taking advantage of spare switch ports. In the latter case, a new switch design is required, but the network topology is not changed. Evaluation results for several different tapologies and message distributions show that the new routing algorithms are able to increase throughput for random traffic by a factor of up to 4 with respect to the original up*/down* algorithm, also reducing latency significantly. For other message distributions, throughput is increased more than seven times. We also show that most of the improvement comes from the use of minimal routing.
Study on the compatible stability of penicillin G sodium and isatis indigotica injection (2004)

Objective:To study the compatible stability of penicillin G sodium (PGNa)and isatis indigotia injection.Methods:The appearance changes of the compatible fluid and changes of pH value were observed.The contents of main ingredients in the compatible solution were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)in 0 to 6 hours.Results:No significant changes of the appearance of the compatible solution were observed.Compared with that in pure PGNa solution,the content of PGNa in the compatible solution decreased and change amplitude of pH value in compatible solution was lower.c onclusion:Isatis indigotica can inhibit the degradation of PGNa and increase its the stability after being compatible with PGNa while PGNa has no significant effects on the ingredients of isatis indigotica injection.
Genetic Screening and Testing in an Episode-Based Payment Model (2014)

The State of Ohio is implementing an episode-based payment model for perinatal care. All costs of care will be tabulated for each live birth and assigned to the delivering provider, creating a three-tiered model for reimbursement for care. Providers will be reimbursed as usual for care that is average in cost and quality, while instituting rewards or penalties for those outside the expected range in either domain. There are few exclusions, and all methods of genetic screening and diagnostic testing are included in the episode cost calculation as proposed. Prenatal ultrasonography, genetic screening, and diagnostic testing are critical components of the delivery of high-quality, evidence-based prenatal care. These tests provide pregnant women with key information about the pregnancy, which, in turn, allows them to work closely with their health care provider to determine optimal prenatal care. The concepts of informed consent and decision-making, cornerstones of the ethical practice of medicine, are founded on the principles of autonomy and respect for persons. These principles recognize that patients' rights to make choices and take actions are based on their personal beliefs and values. Given the personal nature of such decisions, it is critical that patients have unbarred access to prenatal genetic tests if they elect to use them as part of their prenatal care. The proposed restructuring of reimbursement creates a clear conflict between patient autonomy and physician financial incentives.
Modified planar Luneburg lens millimetre‐wave antenna for wide‐angle beam scan having feed locations on a straight line (2017)

This study presents the design and characterisation of a modified planar Luneburg lens antenna operating at 30 GHz. A parallel plate lens structure with varying separation between the metal plates realises the required variation of phase velocity of the guided TE mode in the device. The focal points for different beam radiation directions are all placed on a straight line, thus simplifying the mechanical setup for steered beam and multi‐beam systems. A planar slotline radiator excites the TE mode in the parallel plate structure. An optimisation process leads to best compromise between large directivity, large maximum scan angle and small side‐lobes. As a result, measurements show that by moving the feed radiator on a straight line over ±40 mm, the beam maximum can be steered over more than ±35° with a gain drop of &lt;3 dB. While scanning the beam from broadside direction towards ±35° scan angle, the worst‐case side‐lobe level deteriorates from 15 dB to about 10.5 dB. The proposed antenna shows peak directivity of 15.2 dBi and a large simulated power efficiency of 95%.