gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of 14 Days Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Isometric Endurance of the Knee Extensors (2006)

Carnosine (Carn) occurs in muscle in high concentrations and is an important contributor to H+ buffering. Carn is synthesised in situ from Beta-Alanine (β-Ala) and Histidine (His). Synthesis in muscle appears to be limited by β-Ala availability which is normally obtained from ex-muscle synthesis and meat ingestion. We have reported an 80% increase in muscle Carn with supplementation of up to 6.4g·d−1 of β-Ala. Evidence from our laboratory indicates that uptake of β-ala into muscle is further enhanced by co-administration with simple sugars. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of 14 day β-Ala supplementation, with additional carbohydrate (CHO), upon isometric endurance performance of the knee extensors at 45–50% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC). This MVC coincides with the peak in intramuscular lactate accumulation and pH decrease. METHODS: Twenty subjects [mean (SD)] aged 25.3 (7.5) yrs; mass 78.0 (10.2) kg were assigned to receive either 4 × 1.6g·d−1 β-Ala or a placebo equivalent for 14 days. Each dose was ingested with 45–65g CHO. Isometric exercise endurance (time in seconds) of the knee extensors, and impulse (kNewton.sec) generated, were measured pre and post supplementation. RESULTS: Mean (SE) MVC's of test and placebo subjects were 685 (38) and 653 (51) Newtons, respectively. Exercise endurance times, pre and post supplementation, were treatment: 70.0 (5.3) and 78.0 (3.3) sec, and control: 74.5 (4.1) and 73.8 (3.5) sec. The 8.0 (3.2) sec gain in the treatment group was significant (p<0.02) compared to the change in the control. Impulse changed by +2.665 (1.099) and −0.140 (0.449) kNewton.sec in the treatment and control groups respectively (p<0.02). CONCLUSION: The 11.4% increase in isometric endurance is consistent with an increase in intramuscular buffering capacity and predictions that pH may limit exercise performance. The results agree with a previous presentation demonstrating a significant gain in high intensity cycling duration, but in the present case using a shorter 14 day supplementation period. This research was supported by NAI, San Marcos, Ca, USA
Supplementary Figure 4 from Thrombospondin-1 Triggers Cell Migration and Development of Advanced Prostate Tumors (2023)

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ES-Net: An Efficient Stereo Matching Network (2021)

Dense stereo matching with deep neural networks is of great interest to the research community. Existing stereo matching networks typically use slow and computationally expensive 3D convolutions to improve the performance, which is not friendly to real-world applications such as autonomous driving. In this paper, we propose the Efficient Stereo Network (ESNet), which achieves high performance and efficient inference at the same time. ESNet relies only on 2D convolution and computes multi-scale cost volume efficiently using a warping-based method to improve the performance in regions with fine-details. In addition, we address the matching ambiguity issue in the occluded region by proposing ESNet-M, a variant of ESNet that additionally estimates an occlusion mask without supervision. We further improve the network performance by proposing a new training scheme that includes dataset scheduling and unsupervised pre-training. Compared with other low-cost dense stereo depth estimation methods, our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on the Scene Flow [1], DrivingStereo [2], and KITTI-2015 dataset [3]. Our code will be made available.
The distribution of plasmids that carry virulence and resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus is lineage associated (2012)

This study argues that genetic pressures are restraining the spread of resistance and virulence genes amongst S. aureus plasmids, and amongst S. aureus populations, delaying the emergence of fully virulent and resistant strains.
The Life and Scientific Contributions of Lyman J. Briggs (2003)

Lyman J. Briggs (1874–1963), an early twentieth century physicist at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), made many significant contributions to our understanding of soil‐water and plant‐water interactions. He began his career at the Bureau of Soils (BOS) in 1896. At age 23, Briggs published (1897) a description of the roles of surface tension and gravity in determining the state of static soil moisture. Concepts he presented remain central to this subject more than 100 yr later. With J.W. McLane, Briggs developed the “moisture equivalent” concept (a precursor to the idea of field capacity) and a centrifuge apparatus for measuring it. Briggs left the BOS at the end of 1905, under pressure from Milton Whitney, and moved to the Bureau of Plant Industry. Briggs' multi‐state experiments with H.L. Shantz on water‐use efficiencies showed that in a climate like that of the Great Plains, plants use water more productively in the cooler north than in the warmer south. In 1920, he moved from the USDA to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), rising to Director in 1933. Among his other contributions to the American scientific community was his leadership, beginning in 1939, of a top secret committee that evolved into the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb during World War II. A life‐long baseball fan, Briggs at age 84, studied the speed, spin, and deflection of the curve ball, aided by manager Cookie Lavagetto and the pitching staff of the Washington Senators; he published these findings in a paper in the American Journal of Physics in 1959.
Complexed bridging ligands: oxorhenium(V) compounds with mono-coordinated pyrazine or pyrimidine as possible building blocks for the construction of polynuclear architectures † (2001)

The reactivity of oxorhenium(V) precursors with simple diaza ligands such as pyrazine (pyz) and pyrimidine (pym) was investigated. Treatment of ReOCl3(Me2S)(OPPh3) or ReO(OEt)Cl2(PPh3)2 with an excess of pyz or pym under a range of different conditions yielded a series of oxo- and dioxo-rhenium(V) compounds with one or more terminally coordinated diaza ligands, namely the dinuclear species Re2O3Cl4(pyz)41 and Re2O3Cl4(pym)42, and the mononuclear complexes trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2(pyz)23, trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2(pym)24, trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2(pyz)(PPh3) 5, and [trans-ReO2(pyz)4][PF6] 7. The new compounds were characterized in solution and in the solid state by common spectroscopic techniques; the crystal structures of 1, 3, 5, and 7 were also determined. The dinuclear species 1 presents a nearly linear ORe–O–ReO group and each Re atom brings two cis chlorides and two mono-coordinated pyrazine units. Crystals of the dioxo species 7 contain one NaPF6 and two H2O molecules of crystallization; the four pyrazine bases terminally bound to Re interact also with Na, forming slightly distorted square cavities (side length ca. 7.4 Å), with Na and Re alternating in the corners. Density functional calculations of the excitation spectra of 3 and 4 were also performed with the aim of investigating in more detail the influence of the nature of the nitrogen ligand on the experimental visible spectra. A preliminary investigation of the reactivity of compound 3 towards coordination compounds and metalloporphyrins was also made. Treatment of 3 with a slight excess of the ruthenium(II) complex cis,fac-RuCl2(Me2SO)3(CO) yielded the linear trinuclear species [{trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2}(μ-pyz)2{cis,cis,cis-RuCl2(Me2SO-S)2(CO)}2], in which both ends of the rhenium complex are bound to a ruthenium coordination compound. Similarly, treatment of 3 with an excess of [Ru(TPP)(CO)(EtOH)] (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrinate) led to the symmetrical trinuclear species [{trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2}(μ-pyz)2{Ru(TPP)(CO)}2], consisting of two face-to-face ruthenium porphyrins axially connected through a coordination compound; the corresponding canted trinuclear compound [{trans,trans,trans-ReO(OEt)Cl2}(μ-pym)2{Ru(TPP)(CO)}2] was similarly obtained from 4. Thus the new oxorhenium(V) species can be considered as potentially useful basic building blocks for the self-assembly of polynuclear architectures.
Targeted chitosan nanobubbles as a strategy to down-regulate microRNA-17 into B-cell lymphoma models (2022)

Abstract Background: MicroRNAs represent interesting targets for new therapies because their altered expression influences tumor development and progression. miR-17 is a prototype of onco-miRNA, known to be overexpressed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) with peculiar clinic-biological features. AntagomiR molecules have been largely studied to repress the regulatory functions of up-regulated onco-miRNAs, but their clinical use is mainly limited by their rapid degradation, kidney elimination and poor cellular uptake when injected as naked oligonucleotides. To overcome these problems, we exploited CD20 targeted chitosan nanobubbles (NBs) for a preferential and safe delivery of antagomiR17 to B-NHL cells. Results: Positively charged 400 nm-sized nanobubbles (NBs) represent a stable and effective nanoplatform for antagomiR encapsulation and specific release into B-NHL cells. NBs rapidly accumulated in tumor microenvironment, but only those conjugated with a targeting system (antiCD20 antibodies) were internalized into B-NHL cells, releasing antagomiR17 in the cytoplasm, both in vitro and in vivo. The result is the down-regulation of miR-17 level and the reduction in tumor burden in a human-mouse B-NHL model, without any documented side effects. Conclusions: Anti-CD20 targeted NBs investigated in this study showed physico-chemical and stability properties suitable for antagomiR17 delivery in vivo and represent a useful nanoplatform to address B-cell malignancies or other cancers through the modification of their surface with specific targeting antibodies.
Terephthalate Functionalized Conducting Redox Polymers: Organic Anode Materials for Energy Storage (2015)

Terephthalate Functionalized Conducting Redox Polymers: Organic Anode Materials for Energy Storage
Synthesis of (+)‐Manoalide via a Copper(I)‐Mediated 1,2‐Metalate Rearrangement. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Near-surface seismic anisotropy, attenuation and dispersion in the aftershock region of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake (2005)

Seismograms from local aftershocks of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake recorded at a 200-m-deep downhole station CHY of the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau Seismic Network (CWBSN) have clear direct upgoing shear waves and their surface-reflected downgoing phases. Measurements of time difference between the direct and reflected phases of the fast and slow components of split shear waves show approximately 8 per cent velocity anisotropy in the top 200 m of the crust. The phase velocities extracted from the direct and reflected waveforms display clear evidence of attenuation-related dispersion. Taking the dispersion and geometrical spreading factor into account, we estimate the Q value of the shear waves by fitting calculated results to the observed reflected waveforms. The amplitude spectral density ratios between the direct and reflected phases are approximately linear within the frequency range 2-15 Hz. This allows us also to estimate the Q value from the slope of the amplitude spectral ratio (in dB Hz -1 ) in this range. The estimated Q values with both methods, based on a set of similar waveforms and additional 156 high-quality records, are 61-68 for the fast components and 43-52 for the slow components. The observed attenuation anisotropy may be, similarly to velocity anisotropy, a manifestation of microcracks alignment and their response to in situ stress. Strong attenuation anisotropy (23-30 per cent in this study) along with attenuationrelated dispersion in the shallow crust can affect significantly the properties of shear waves and should be taken into account in studies employing surface and shallow borehole records of shear waveforms.
A convenient new Method for the preparation of vanadium(III) β-diketonates (1976)

The vanadium(111) tris-ß-diketonates derived from pentane-2,4-dione and 13 other ß-diketones were prepared by reduction of oxovanadium(1V) sulphate with sodium dithionite and chelation of the vanadium(111) with ligand in an aqueous alcohol medium. The chelate prepared with pentane-2,4-dione was also obtained by reduction of ammonium vanadate and oxobis(pentane-2,4-dionato)-vanadium(1V). Preparative details are given and the advantages, and some difficulties, of the method are discussed.
I-type Lectins (1995)

Carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) are widespread among prokaryotes and eucaryotes. Among the latter, leetins mediate many specificbiological functions including cell-cell interactions, protein trafficking, and primitive defense reactions (1-6). We describe here a newly recognized family of mammalian leetins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (lgSF)l (7, 8). Relative emphasis is placed on a prototypic member, CD22. Previously known mammalian leetins can be classified into distinct families based on protein sequence homologies (1) (Table All are integral membrane proteins, preferentially expressed on the plasma membrane, and some (CD33, CD22, and MAG) have large cytosolic domains with multiple potential and established phosphorylation sites (both Ser/Thr and Tyr) Here we focus primarily on the lectin properties of the extracellular domains.
Sustain Released Bupropion in the Treatment of Tricotillomania: Outpatient Follow Up Survey (2010)

Objectives. Tricotillomania (TTM) is more common than expected. SSRI's are the treatment of choice in TTM. However, response rates are lower with SSRI's. The aim of our study is to explore other pharmacological interventions. Materials and Methods. Nine female TTM patients with SSRI treatment failure were included. Sample was treated with bupropion SR up to 450 mg/day. Results. Six out of nine patients responded well to bupropion SR. Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale (MGH) demonstrated a significant improvement at the twelve week point (f: 32.3, power: 1, lambda: 97.1, P<.0001) and the response rates remained stable at sixteen-month follow up visit. Conclusions. Bupropion SR could be an alternative pharmacological treatment for TTM. Larger samples with double blind placebo controlled design are needed to confirm our preliminary report.
Long-Term Clinical Outcome After Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization in Patients With Small-Vessel Disease (2012)

FFR-guided PCI of small coronary arteries is safe and results in better clinical outcomes when compared with an angio-guided PCI.
Accurately Positioning and Incorporating Tissue-Scattered Photons into PET Image Reconstruction (2006)

We are developing cadmium zinc telluride detectors with three-dimensional positioning capabilities for high-resolution PET imaging. These detectors exhibit high spatial resolution (1 mm), energy resolution (2.5% full width at half maximum for 511 keV photons), and the ability to identify the 3-D coordinates of individual Compton and photoelectric interactions within the detector. These detectors can operate in conventional PET mode measuring photons in coincidence and as a Compton camera for single photon events. In this work, we show how the capabilities of this detector can be used to reconstruct tissue-scatter coincidence events. We present a scatter projector function for positioning tissue-scatter coincidence events in the field of view. Using Monte Carlo simulated data generated by GATE (Geant4), we showed that this new approach might be used to increase the number of usable counts in PET.
Procaspase-3 regulates fibronectin secretion and influences adhesion, migration and survival independent of catalytic function (2014)

Caspase-3 is an effector caspase that is activated downstream of mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) during apoptosis. However, previous work has demonstrated that caspase-3-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are resistant to mitochondrially mediated cell death and display a delay in the mitochondrial events of apoptosis, including Bax activation, MOMP and release of cytochrome c. Here, we show that caspase-3 regulates fibronectin secretion and impacts on cell morphology, adhesion and migration. Surprisingly, the catalytic activity of caspase-3 is not required for these non-apoptotic functions. Moreover, we found that caspase-3-deficient MEFs are not resistant to death by anoikis and that exogenous fibronectin protects wild-type MEFs from cell death induced by serum withdrawal. Taken together, our data indicate that procaspase-3 has a non-apoptotic function; it regulates the secretion of fibronectin and influences morphology, adhesion and migration. Furthermore, this novel procaspase-3 function might alter the apoptotic threshold of the cell.
GHG Emissions of Rapeseed Oil Fuel - Impact of Specific Data and Balance Methods (2018)

Achieving the international goals for climate and resource protection is a more and more important task in the 21st century. To assess GHG reduction potential of bio-based products and bioenergy specific data and a pro-found knowledge about how to calculate are necessary. The evaluation of rapeseed production in Bavaria pointed out that GHG emissions and nitrogen balances show significant farm-specific and site-specific differences. For example, farm-specific GHG emissions range from 0.541 to 1.039 kg kg-1 rapeseed. Influencing key factors are the site-specific biomass yield and the nutrient management. In this context a needs-based using of organic fertilizers is one important factor to reduce GHG emissions in cultivation rapeseed. Default values e.g. specified by RED are not practicable for deriving recommendations for action. Related to the chosen method for evaluating N2O-field emissions and co-products default values by RED describe the GHG emissions for rapeseed oil fuel from Germany insufficiently, too.
[Penile implants is a good last treatment option in erectile dysfunction]. (2015)

When other treatments fail, penile implants represent the last treatment option in erectile dysfunction. The most commonly used implant is the inflatable three-piece device, which allows the penis to be rigid for sexual intercourse and flaccid during the remaining time. Earlier penile implants were associated with high rates of infection and mechanical malfunction. However, technical improvements have greatly reduced these problems. This has resulted in a patient satisfaction rate of 80-90% in most studies. Thus, penile implants are a valid option in motivated patients with erectile dysfunction.
A Study on Cavitation Behavior through an Orifice (2019)

Cavitation is a typical unsteady phenomenon and can be a cause of performance deterioration, severe noise, vibration problems, wing erosion in hydraulic systems. Therefore, much research has been done to suppress cavitation. In this study, to elucidation of choking phenomenon in cavitating flow. numerical calculation for cavitating flow in a two-dimentional orifice was carried out using commercial cord, ANSYS Fluent 19.2. For the calculation, the cavitation model is Schnerr-Sauer model and the turbulence model is SST k-ω. Two type calculations which are the case that the outlet pressure decreases step by step from non-cavitating condition and the case that the pressure fluctuates at the outlet are conducted. As the cavity area increases in the throat of the orifice, the phenomenon that the pressure information of the outlet does not propagate to upstream of the throat is observed. In addition, it has been found that, even when the cavity is small, the pressure fluctuation is not propagated upstream, and the minimum pressure on the center line of the orifice is close to the saturation vapor pressure.
Easily removable olefin metathesis catalysts (2012)

A small family of olefin metathesis catalysts bearing a polar quaternary ammonium group is described. The presence of this group allows for efficient separation of ruthenium impurities after the reaction. Application of catalysts 9 and 11 leads to organic products of high purity, which exhibit surprisingly low ruthenium contamination levels (usually below 5 ppm) after a simple and inexpensive purification step.
Effect ofα,β‐methylene ATP on distal colonic and rectal motility‐a possible involvement of P2‐purinoceptors in pelvic nerve mediated non‐adrenergic, non‐cholinergic contraction (1986)

The possible involvement of purinoceptors in the parasympathetic nervous control of large intestinal motility was investigated in cats anaesthetized with chloralose and treated with adrenolytics. Distal colonic and rectal motor responses to efferent pelvic nerve stimulation (PNS) and drugs injected close i.a., were recorded by a volumetric method. Single dose i.a. injections of alpha, beta-methylene ATP (mATP) induced colonic and rectal contractions which were resistant to atropine, hexamethonium and indomethacin, as well as to the nerve blocking agent tetrodotoxin. Repeated injections of mATP were followed by attenuated motor responses and eventually complete tachyphylaxis to the compound developed. In the presence of atropine, or a combination of hexamethonium and atropine, contractions elicited by PNS were inhibited during mATP tachyphylaxis. In contrast, prior to such anticholinergic drugs, or in the presence of hexamethonium alone, pelvic nerve mediated contractions persisted despite mATP tachyphylaxis, which did not affect the colonic and rectal contractions evoked by acetylcholine or histamine. The results suggest that P2-purinoceptors are involved in non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic large intestinal excitatory motor responses to PNS.
High affinity interaction of HIV‐1 integrase with specific and non‐specific single‐stranded short oligonucleotides (1999)

Retroviral integrase (IN) catalyzes the integration of double-stranded viral DNA into the host cell genome. The reaction can be divided in two steps: 3'-end processing and DNA strand transfer. Here we studied the effect of short oligonucleotides (ODNs) on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) IN. ODNs were either specific, with sequences representing the extreme termini of the viral long terminal repeats, or nonspecific. All ODNs were found to competitively inhibit the processing reaction with Ki values in the nM range for the best inhibitors. Our studies on the interaction of IN with ODNs also showed that: (i) besides the 3'-terminal GT, the interaction of IN with the remaining nucleotides of the 21-mer specific sequence was also important for an effective interaction of the enzyme with the substrate; (ii) in the presence of specific ODNs the activity of the enzyme was enhanced, a result which suggests an ODN-induced conformational change of HIV-1 IN.
On the Fatigue Crack Growth Performance of Ti6Al4V Manufactured by Laser Metal Deposition (2016)

The fracture toughness (K1c) and fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) properties of Laser Metal Deposited Ti6Al4V are investigated in this study, together with the crack propagation information along and across the interface between Laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V and convention built substrate. Three specimen orientations with respect to the building direction are considered. Stress relieving heat treatment at 550°C for 4 hours with furnace cooling is performed to show the different fatigue resistance at different residual stress states. Results are also compared to the Selective Laser Melted and conventionally manufactured Ti6Al4V. The smaller effect of the stress relieving heat treatment on the Laser Metal Deposited Ti6Al4V’s FCGR, compared to SLM specimens, is due to the lower cooling rate during processing. The interface between the laser cladded material and the substrate promotes fast crack propagation along and through the interface, specifically in the heat affected zone.
Process-level Power Estimation in Multi-core Architectures (2015)

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