gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological Profile of the Hyper/Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfate Contaminant Isolated from Recalled Heparin (2008)

An unexpectedly high rate of adverse events and deaths were reported from November 2007 to April 2008 in patients exposed to heparin. Investigations on the quality of heparin revealed an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) contaminant in the heparin. Several reports on the chemical structure and limited biologic actions of OSCS have recently become available. However, no data are available on its anticoagulant and antiprotease effects. Moreover, its interaction with heparin, resulting in the modulation of heparin's anticoagulant activity, is not reported. The isolated contaminant from recalled batches of heparin and several semisynthetic OSCSs were profiled for their in vitro anticoagulant effects. The contaminant and OSCSs both exhibited measurable anticoagulant activity and produced supra-additive effects in the presence of heparin. In addition, in animal models of thrombosis and bleeding, the contaminated heparin produced stronger anticoagulant and bleeding effects than heparin. Thus, in addition to the reported biological actions, the heparin contaminant exerts measurable anticoagulant effects and interacts with heparin to produce supra-additive effects. These studies suggest that the contamination of heparin with OSCS was based on a rational design and prior knowledge of molecular and anticoagulant profiles. These studies also indicate that the OSCS contaminant may itself be heterogeneous and its molecular and biological profiles may vary in different recalled heparins.
Histopathology of mitochondrial cytopathy and the Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome. (1986)

Clinical and histopathological studies of two patients with distinctly different inherited juvenile retinal dystrophies indicate that the ocular defect in mitochondrial cytopathy involves the underlying pigment epithelium, whereas in the Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome the photoreceptor cells are primarily affected.
Development of prednisone resistance in naïve canine lymphoma: Longitudinal evaluation of NR3C1α, ABCB1, and 11β‐HSD mRNA expression (2020)

Prednisone resistance develops rapidly and essentially universally when dogs with lymphoma are treated with corticosteroids. We investigated naturally occurring mechanisms of prednisone resistance in seven dogs with naïve multicentric lymphoma, treated with oral prednisone; four dogs were administered concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy. Expression of NR3C1α, ABCB1 (formerly MDR1), 11β-HSD1, and 11β-HSD2 mRNA was evaluated in neoplastic lymph nodes by real-time RT-PCR. Changes of expression levels at diagnosis and at time of clinical resistance to prednisone were compared longitudinally using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Clinical resistance to prednisone was observed after a median of 68 days (range: 7-348 days) after initiation of treatment. Relative to pretreatment samples, prednisone resistance was associated with decreased NR3C1α expression in biopsies of all dogs with high-grade lymphoma (six dogs, p=.031); one dog with indolent T-zone lymphoma had increased expression of NR3C1α. Resistance was not consistently associated with changes in ABCB1, 11β-HSD1, or 11β-HSD2 expression. Decreased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1α) may play a role in conferring resistance to prednisone in dogs with lymphoma. Results do not indicate a broad role for changes in expression of ABCB1, 11β-HSD1, and 11β-HSD2 in the emergence of prednisone resistance in lymphoma-bearing dogs.
Hash sort: A linear time complexity multiple-dimensional sort algorithm (2004)

Sorting and hashing are two completely different concepts in computer science, and appear mutually exclusive to one another. Hashing is a search method using the data as a key to map to the location within memory, and is used for rapid storage and retrieval. Sorting is a process of organizing data from a random permutation into an ordered arrangement, and is a common activity performed frequently in a variety of applications. Almost all conventional sorting algorithms work by comparison, and in doing so have a linearithmic greatest lower bound on the algorithmic time complexity. Any improvement in the theoretical time complexity of a sorting algorithm can result in overall larger gains in implementation performance.. A gain in algorithmic performance leads to much larger gains in speed for the application that uses the sort algorithm. Such a sort algorithm needs to use an alternative method for ordering the data than comparison, to exceed the linearithmic time complexity boundary on algorithmic performance. The hash sort is a general purpose non-comparison based sorting algorithm by hashing, which has some interesting features not found in conventional sorting algorithms. The hash sort asymptotically outperforms the fastest traditional sorting algorithm, the quick sort. The hash sort algorithm has a linear time complexity factor -- even in the worst case. The hash sort opens an area for further work and investigation into alternative means of sorting.
Generation of Langmuir Waves from Alfvén Waves by the Plasma Maser in Pair Plasmas (1997)

Using a two-dimensional electromagnetic and relativistic particle code, we show that high-frequency Langmuir waves can be generated by the plasma maser mechanism from low-frequency Alfvén waves excited by a temperature anisotropy. It is confirmed by the simulation that the plasma maser mechanism does not require an electron (or positron) beam component for the growth of high-frequency Langmuir waves.
Structural and Genetic Characterization of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O145 O Antigen and Development of an O145 Serogroup-Specific PCR Assay (2005)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O145 strains are emerging as causes of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. In this study, we present the structure of the E. coli O145 O antigen and the sequence of its gene cluster. The O145 antigen has repeat units containing three monosaccharide residues: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (GlcNAc), 2-acetamidoylamino-2,6-dideoxy-L-galactose, and N-acetylneuraminic acid. It is very closely related to Salmonella enterica serovar Touera and S. enterica subsp. arizonae O21 antigen. The E. coli O145 gene cluster is located between the JUMPStart sequence and the gnd gene and consists of 15 open reading frames. Putative genes for the synthesis of the O-antigen constituents, for sugar transferase, and for O-antigen processing were annotated based on sequence similarities and the presence of conserved regions. The putative genes located in the E. coli O145 O-antigen gene cluster accounted for all functions expected for synthesis of the structure. An E. coli O145 serogroup-specific PCR assay based on the genes wzx and wzy was also developed by screening E. coli and Shigella isolates of different serotypes.
Suggestions (2019)

Very nice paper that justly stresses the importance of BEM implementations. Some comments and suggestions to further improve the paper:
Drug Dependent Red Cell Antibodies and Intravascular Haemolysis Occurring in Patients Treated with 9 Hydroxy‐Methyl‐Ellipticinium (1980)

Eleven patients were treated weekly with a new cytostatic drug, 9-hydroxy-methyl-ellipticinium (9 HME). Eight were treated for longer than 4 weeks and three of these developed a drug dependent antibody reacting with normal red cells. In two of these patients acute intravascular haemolysis occurred, one with oliguric renal failure; in the third patient the drug was stopped as soon as the antibody was detected. In all three patients the antibody developed after 4 weeks of treatment. It was IgM, agglutinated normal red cells and bound complement only in the presence of the drug. No antibodies could be detected in the patient's serum reacting with normal platelets in the presence of the drug. The incidence of haemolysis with this drug is much higher than seen with other drugs causing immune-complex haemolysis. Studies done with closely related substances suggest that the antigenic site of the drug is related to the group attached to carbon atom 9.
Comparison Between the Effects of Continuous and Intermittent Light-Intensity Aerobic Dance Exercise on Mood and Executive Functions in Older Adults (2021)

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that one bout of moderate-intensity exercise enhances executive functions in older adults. However, in terms of safety, feasibility, and continuity, older individuals prefer light, easy, and fun exercises to moderate and stressful exercises for improving executive functions. Therefore, light-intensity aerobic dance exercise (LADE) could be suitable if it produces potential benefits related to executive functions. As for continuous vs. intermittent exercise, intermittent exercise has received a lot of attention, as it results in greater effects on mood and executive functions than continuous exercise; however, its effects in older adults remain uncertain. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the acute effects of intermittent LADE (I-LADE) in comparison with those of continuous LADE (C-LADE) on mood and executive functions. Fifteen healthy older adults participated in 10-min I-LADE and C-LADE conditions on separate days. Perceived enjoyment following exercise was assessed using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). The pleasantness of the mood during exercise and pleasure and arousal levels after exercise were assessed using the Feeling Scale and Two-Dimensional Mood Scale, respectively. Executive function was assessed using the Stroop task before and after exercise. As a result, pleasantness of the mood during exercise and exercise enjoyment levels were greater in I-LADE than in C-LADE. Arousal and pleasure levels and Stroop task performance increased after both LADEs and did not differ between the two exercise conditions. These findings suggest that although enhancement of mood and executive functions after exercise did not differ between C-LADE and I-LADE, I-LADE could be more enjoyable and fun than C-LADE. This study will help in the development of exercise conditions that can enable the elderly to enhance their executive functions in a fun way.
Impact of Hemolysis on Multi-OMIC Pancreatic Biomarker Discovery: Derisking Precision Medicine Biomarker Development (2021)

Abstract Cancer biomarker discovery is critically dependent on the integrity of biofluid, and tissue samples acquired from study participants. Multi-omic profiling of candidate protein, lipid, and metabolite biomarkers is confounded by timing and fasting status of sample collection, participant demographics and treatment exposures of the study population. Contamination by hemoglobin, whether caused by hemolysis during sample preparation or underlying red cell fragility, contributes 0–10 g/L of extraneous protein to plasma, serum, and Buffy coat samples and may interfere with biomarker detection and validation. We analyzed 617 plasma, 701 serum, and 657 buffy coat samples from a 7 year longitudinal multi-omic biomarker discovery program evaluating 400 + participants with or at risk for pancreatic cancer, known as Project Survival™. Hemolysis was undetectable in 93.1% of plasma and 95.0% of serum samples, whereas only 37.1% of Buffy coat samples were free of contamination by hemoglobin. Regression analysis of multi-omic data demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between hemoglobin concentration and the resulting pattern of analyte detection and concentration. Although hemolysis had the greatest impact on identification and quantitation of the proteome, distinct differentials in metabolomics and lipidomics were also observed and correlated with severity. We conclude that quality control is vital to accurate detection of informative molecular differentials using OMIC technologies and that caution must be exercised to minimize the impact of hemolysis as a factor driving false discovery in large cancer biomarker studies.
Plenary lecture 8: reconfigurable chip multiprocessors targeting performance and energy consumption (2009)

Heterogeneous chip multiprocessors form powerful computing platforms. For high-performance or realtime applications, their design should also rely on acceptable energy budgets. The inclusion of reconfigurable hardware can enhance these platforms even further. This talk first presents a very versatile family of reconfigurable chip multiprocessors that can support the run-time reconfiguration of resources in efforts to match target applications for better performance and/or lower energy consumption. This talk then introduces another family of reconfigurable chip multiprocessors where the hardware can be customized to speed up the execution of time-consuming application kernels. Hardware reconfiguration can then facilitate various customized kernels as execution proceeds. This approach greatly reduces the space and energy requirements, attributes that appeal to high-performance embedded designs. The kernel execution should be prudently scheduled considering the reconfiguration overheads. Suitable task scheduling and resource reconfiguration policies are presented for these families of chip multiprocessors and benchmarks are enlisted as well to showcase their success.
Light-induced modification of a-SiOx:H. I: Metastability (2004)

Amorphous hydrogenated silicon suboxides (a-SiOx:H) were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition from the source gases SiH4, H2, and CO2. The band gap of the samples can be tuned from 1.9 to 3.0 eV by varying the oxygen content from 0 to 50 at. %. The light-induced degradation of the photoconductivity and the generation of metastable dangling bond defects, known as the Staebler–Wronski effect in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), were studied in a-SiOx:H for a wide range of oxygen contents up to 44 at. % as a function of illumination time and intensity. Upon intensive illumination above their respective band gaps for several hours at comparable light intensities, all silicon suboxides displayed a similar increase of the subgap defect density and a corresponding decrease of the photocurrent. Also the temporal evolution of the dangling bond density and photoconductivity were found to resemble those of pure amorphous silicon. Apart from an irreversible redshift of the absorption edge for higher oxygen contents (comparable to the effect of photodarkening in chalcogenide glasses), the effects of light degradation could be reversed by an appropriate annealing at temperatures below 200 °C for all oxygen concentrations studied. However, for higher oxygen concentrations ([O]≳30 at. %) partial irreversibilities were observed after repeated degradation cycles.
Meeting End-to-End QoS Challenges for Scalable Flows in Heterogeneous Multimedia Environments (1995)

Many distributed audio and video applications exhibit robustness in adapting to fluctuations in the delivered quality of service (QoS). By trading off temporal and spatial quality to available bandwidth, or manipulating the playout time of continuous media in response to variation in delay, audio and video flows can be kept meaningful at the playout device with minimal perceptual distortion. In this paper we introduce Dynamic QoS Management (DQM) for the control and management of multi-layer coded flows operating in heterogeneous multimedia networking environments. Two key techniques are proposed to meet the challenge of supporting scalable flows over multimedia networks: i) Dynamic Rate Shaping, which is a novel source-based QoS filter for manipulating the rate of MPEG-coded flows, matching it to the available network resources while minimising the distortion observed at the receiver; and ii) an Adaptive Network Service, which offers “hard” guarantees to the base layer of multi-layer coded flows, and “fairness” guarantees to the enhancement layers based on a new bandwidth allocation technique called Weighted Fair Sharing.
The Value of Earned Audiences: How Social Interactions Amplify TV Impact (2014)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The combined effect of using television and social media simultaneously has created an opportunity to influence a large—hitherto not well-understood—group: the “earned audience.” The current research is believed to be the first to explore the value (as opposed to volume) of the “earned audience” (users exposed to Tweets about television programs and their sponsors) on the Twitter platform. By examining Twitter users9 behavioral and attitudinal response to television Tweets during primetime television programming, the authors of the current study found that earned audiences would take actions both related to television viewing and engaging with their brand sponsors—an untapped potential for programmers and advertisers.
Interference Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Nanosensor Tailored for the Detection of Specific Biomolecular Interactions (2010)

In this paper, we present an innovative sensing nanomaterial for an interference localized surface plasmon resonance (iLSPR) sensor. The iLSPR is based on plasmonic gold nanoparticles with photonic thin-film multilayers of porous aluminum oxide (Al(2)O(3)) and aluminum (Al) on a substrate. With a controllable transparent Al(2)O(3) layer and a highly reflective Al layer, our new nanomaterial was able to detect refractive index (RI) changes of the surrounding environment and the specific interaction of biomolecules including biotin and avidin, 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and its antibody, anti-5-fluorouracil (anti 5-FU), when the iLSPR surfaces were biologically functionalized. Our model nanostructure will open the way to display the plasmonic properties of other noble metal nanoparticles and to develop other functionally similar nanosensors, which could then be expanded into multiarrays.
Multimedia content protection by cryptography and watermarking in tamper-resistant hardware (2000)

With the rapid growth of broadband network, distribution of multimedia via Internet is a must way to go. Content protection has become one of the most significant and challenging problems of this field. In this paper, we propose a general scheme that combines public key cryptography and watermarking technology together, to achieve wonderful content protection. The scheme is reliable, flexible and efficient.
Causal Transmission of Colored Source Frames over a Packet Erasure Channel (2010)

We propose a linear predictive quantization system for causally transmitting parallel sources with temporal memory (colored frames) over an erasure channel. By optimizing within this structure, we derive an achievability result in the high-rate limit and compare it to an upper bound on performance. The proposed system subsumes the well-known PCM and DPCM systems as special cases. While typically DPCM performs well without erasures and PCM suffers less with many erasures, we show that the proposed solution improves performance over both under all severities of erasures, with unbounded improvement in some cases.
Rehabilitation promotes the recovery of structural and functional features of healthy neuronal networks after stroke (2019)

Summary Rehabilitation is the most effective treatment for promoting the recovery of motor deficits after stroke. One of the most challenging experimental goals is to unambiguously link brain rewiring to motor recovery prompted by rehabilitative therapy. Here, we investigated which aspects of cortical remodeling are induced by rehabilitation by combining optical imaging and manipulation tools in a mouse model of stroke. We revealed that the stabilization of peri-infarct synaptic contacts fostered by rehabilitation goes along with increased vascular density induced by angiogenesis. Furthermore, we showed the progressive formation of a new motor representation in the peri-infarct area where temporal and spatial features of cortical activation recovered towards pre-stroke condition. In the same animals we observed the reinforcement of inter-hemispheric connectivity after rehabilitation. The present work provides the first evidences that rehabilitation promotes the combined recovery of structural and functional features distinctive of healthy neuronal networks.
Bulk processing of radionuclide generator parents at the Los Alamos Hot Cell Facility (2024)

Bulk radionuclide processing at Los Alamos includes isotopes with short-lived radioactive daughter nuclides ('generator parents') for medical applications. The generator radionuclide parents {sup 68}Ge, {sup 82}Sr, {sup 88}Zr and {sup 109}Cd are regularly processed at the Los Alamos Hot Cell Facility. Nuclear chemical aspects related to the production and processing of these generator parents are briefly outlined.
Skeletal Muscle-Actuated Bio-Hybrid Implant and Wearable Reader Antenna System (2022)

Engineering living cells can open the gates for durable implants that constantly monitor patients’ health without requiring any battery power. This work aims to develop a biohybrid implantable sensor that is capable of sensing and responding to a chemical stimulant within the medium. Structurally, the bio-hybrid device is composed of muscle tissue, a 3D-printed flexible scaffold, and a resonator. Mechanistically, muscle tissue, which is engineered to respond to particular stimulants, contracts in the presence of the stimulant and deforms the scaffold it is attached. This deformation results in a change in the resonance behavior. This change is tracked with a pair of wearable co-planar waveguide (CPW)-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas. Thus, the proposed bio-hybrid device will enable monitoring chemicals within the medium owing to the biosensing and actuating capabilities of muscle tissue. The resonator, in turn, will allow reporting of this information to wearable readers. At 1 cm implant depth inside Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), more than 10 dB difference in |S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</inf> | between the reader antennas is observed when the engineered muscle contracts.
Space charges and initiation of electrical trees (1989)

On the basis of experiments, a model is proposed for the initiation of electrical trees within voidless PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) samples in a divergent field. Initiation of electrical trees under a DC applied voltage is due to the localized field intensity overcoming the intrinsic breakdown strength of dielectrics. However, for AC or pulsating voltages, as a result of accumulated charges, trees are initiated at lower voltages, and in general there is an incubation period before the trees appear. It is suggested that space charges play an important role in the initiation of trees under different conditions based on experiments of electron injection. It is concluded that all experimental results on tree initiation can be interpreted satisfactorily in accordance with the proposed model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>