gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The relationship between protein turnover and energy balance in lean and genetically obese (ob/ob)mice (1979)

1. Groups of lean and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice were adapted to varying energy intakes and the rates of total protein turnover in liver, gut and kidney were measured. 2. Lean mice gained less weight when fed above maintenance and lost less weight when fed below maintance than obese mice. 3. Hepatic protein turnover (mg/d) was sigmoidally related to digestible energy intake in lean mice but showed no significant changes with dietary intake in obese mice. 4. The changes in protein turnover resulted from changes in both the half-lives of protein synthesis and catabolism and in tissue protein content. 5. In the lean mice, protein turnover in kidney and gut was not significantly changed with increasing energy intake until the highest level was reached. 6. The findings suggest that protein turnover may be an important cycle for the regulation of energy balance in mice and that this cycle is impaired in the genetically obese (ob/ob) mice.
Understanding image virality (2015)

Virality of online content on social networking websites is an important but esoteric phenomenon often studied in fields like marketing, psychology and data mining. In this paper we study viral images from a computer vision perspective. We introduce three new image datasets from Reddit <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> and define a virality score using Reddit metadata. We train classifiers with state-of-the-art image features to predict virality of individual images, relative virality in pairs of images, and the dominant topic of a viral image. We also compare machine performance to human performance on these tasks. We find that computers perform poorly with low level features, and high level information is critical for predicting virality. We encode semantic information through relative attributes. We identify the 5 key visual attributes that correlate with virality. We create an attribute-based characterization of images that can predict relative virality with 68.10% accuracy (SVM+Deep Relative Attributes) -better than humans at 60.12%. Finally, we study how human prediction of image virality varies with different “contexts” in which the images are viewed, such as the influence of neighbouring images, images recently viewed, as well as the image title or caption. This work is a first step in understanding the complex but important phenomenon of image virality. Our datasets and annotations will be made publicly available.
The New Proposed Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders: Why are they Required and how do they Compare to Conventional Properties (1995)

As a result of the research conducted for the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP), a set of new testing methods to characterize the rheological, failure, and durability properties of asphalt binders has been developed. These methods utilize testing devices that are either completely new or have been used before only for research purposes. The methods also call for measuring mechanical response parameters that are not very common for asphalt pavement engineers nor for many asphalt producers. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the following points: (1) The viscoelastic nature of asphalts and its relation to pavement performance; (2) the types of conventional measurements that are used now and the fundamental problems with them; (3) the concept behind selecting the new test methods and the new characteristic properties; and (4) how the new measured properties compare to the conventional properties. The paper addresses these points by providing theoretical-conceptual background about the conventional and new tests and by comparing new and conventional data measured for a large number of asphalts that vary in their source and their grade. The comparison clearly identifies the advantages of the new testing methods and the need to implement the proposed testing and specification system.
Amino acid sequence of the catalytic subunit of aspartate transcarbamoylase from Escherichia coli. (1983)

We propose a primary structure for the catalytic subunit of aspartate transcarbamoylase (aspartate carbamoyltransferase; carbamoylphosphate: L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase, EC 2.1.3.2) from Escherichia coli based on amino acid sequences of fragments obtained by cyanogen bromide cleavage, by tryptic digestion of the succinylated polypeptide, and by chymotryptic and proteinase C digestion of the intact catalytic chain. The protein contains 310 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 33,944. The negatively and positively charged residues are distributed uniformly, and there is no indication of charge clustering in the linear sequence.
Molecular mechanism of light-driven sodium pumping (2020)

ABSTRACT Microbial rhodopsins appeared to be the most abundant light-harvesting proteins on the Earth and are the major contributes to the solar energy captured in the sea. They possess highly diverse biological functions. Explosion of research on microbial rhodopsins led to breakthroughs in their applications, in particular, in neuroscience. An unexpected new discovery was a Na + -pumping KR2 rhodopsin from Krokinobacter eikastus , the first light-driven non-proton cation pump. A fundamental difference between proton and other cation pumps is that non-proton pumps cannot use tunneling or Grotthuss mechanism for the ion translocation and, therefore, Na + pumping cannot be understood in the framework of classical proton pump, like bacteriorhodopsin. Extensive studies on the molecular mechanism of KR2 failed to reveal mechanism of pumping. The existing high-resolution structures relate only to the ground state of the protein and revealed no Na + inside the protein, which is unusual for active ion transporters. KR2 is only known non proton cation transporter with demonstrated remarkable potential for optogenetic applications and, therefore, elucidation of the mechanism of cation transport is important. To understand conception of cation pumping we solved crystal structures of the functionally key O-intermediate state of physiologically relevant pentameric form of KR2 and its D116N and H30A key mutants at high resolution and performed additional functional studies. The structure of the O-state reveals a sodium ion near the retinal Schiff base coordinated by N112 and D116 residues of the characteristic (for the whole family) NDQ triad. The structural and functional data show that cation uptake and release are driven by a switching mechanism. Surprisely, Na + pathway in KR2 is lined with the chain of polar pores/cavities, similarly to the channelrhodopsin-2. Using Parinello fast molecular dynamics approach we obtained a molecular movie of a probable ion release. Our data provides insight into the mechanism of a non-proton cation light-driven pumping, strongly suggest close relation of sodium pumps to channel rhodopsins and, we believe, expand the present knowledge of rhodopsin world. Certainly they might be used for engineering of cation pumps and ion channels for optogenetics.
Muscle sarcomere lesions and thrombosis after spaceflight and suspension unloading (1992)

Spaceflight (flight) and tail suspension-hindlimb unloading (unloaded) produced significant decreases in fiber cross-sectional areas of the adductor longus (AL), a slow-twitch antigravity muscle. However, the mean wet weight of the flight AL muscles was near normal, whereas that of the suspension unloaded AL muscles was significantly reduced. Interstitial edema within the flight AL, but not in the unloaded AL, appeared to account for this apparent disagreement. In both experimental conditions, the slow-twitch oxidative fibers atrophied more than the fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic and fast-twitch glycolytic fibers. Immunostaining showed that slow-twitch oxidative fibers expressed fast myosin, producing hybrid fibers containing slow and fast myosin isoforms. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of flight AL muscles revealed increased content of fast myosin light chains and decreased amounts of slow myosin light chains and fatty acid-binding protein. In the flight AL, absolute mitochondrial content decreased, but the relatively greater breakdown of myofibrillar proteins maintained mitochondrial concentration near normal in the central intermyofibrillar regions of fibers. Subsarcolemmal mitochondria were preferentially lost and reduced below normal concentration. Elevated fiber immunostaining for ubiquitin conjugates was suggestive of ubiquitin-mediated breakdown of myofibrillar proteins. On return to weight bearing for 8-11 h, the weakened atrophic muscles exhibited eccentric contraction-like lesions (hyperextension of sarcomeres with A-band filaments pulled apart and fragmented), tearing of the supporting connective tissue, and thrombosis of the microcirculation. Segmental necrosis of muscle fibers, denervation of neuromuscular junctions, and extravasation of red blood cells were minimal. Lymphocyte antibody markers did not indicate a significant immune reaction. The flight AL exhibited threefold more eccentric-like lesions than the unloaded AL; the high reentry G forces experienced by the flight animals, but not the unloaded group, possibly accounted for this difference. Muscle atrophy appears to increase the susceptibility to form eccentric contraction-like lesions after reloading; this may reflect weakening of the myofibrils and extracellular matrix. Microcirculation was also compromised by spaceflight, such that there was increased formation of thrombi in the post-capillary venules and capillaries. This blockage led to edema by 8-11 h after resumption of weight bearing by the COSMOS 2044 rats. The present findings indicate that defective microcirculation most likely accounted for the extensive tissue necrosis and microhemorrhages observed for COSMOS 1887 rats killed 2 days after landing.
Musically Meaningful (2014)

To enhance music learning and performance, teachers can direct learners toward authentic, interpersonal goals. Teachers’ aspirations for their students’ positive musical experiences may be realized when learners seek to connect with their audiences and evoke responses in listeners. Instead of anxiety-promoting concerns over judgment, students can be concerned with communicating. Instead of learning isolated techniques with no apparent meaning, learners can acquire skills and knowledge that serve to realize expressive ends. Authentic, interpersonal goals can enhance expression and connect knowledge in meaningful ways, promoting the transfer of that knowledge to other situations.
The Use of Haloperoxidases in Organic Synthesis: Selected Reactions of Oxidation, Epoxidation and Sulfoxidation (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Comments on "the case for the reduced instruction set computer," by Patterson and Ditzel (1980)

article Free Access Share on Comments on "the case for the reduced instruction set computer," by Patterson and Ditzel Authors: Douglas W. Clark VAX Systems Architecture, Digital Equipment Corporation, Tewksbury, MA VAX Systems Architecture, Digital Equipment Corporation, Tewksbury, MAView Profile , William D. Strecker VAX Systems Architecture, Digital Equipment Corporation, Tewksbury, MA VAX Systems Architecture, Digital Equipment Corporation, Tewksbury, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture NewsVolume 8Issue 6October 1980 pp 34–38https://doi.org/10.1145/641914.641918Published:01 October 1980Publication History 24citation1,805DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations24Total Downloads1,805Last 12 Months309Last 6 weeks53 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Anchoring of protein kinase A facilitates hormone-mediated insulin secretion (1997)

Impaired insulin secretion is a characteristic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). One possible therapeutic agent for NIDDM is the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion through several mechanisms including activation of protein kinase A (PKA). We now demonstrate that the subcellular targeting of PKA through association with A-kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs) facilitates GLP-1-mediated insulin secretion. Disruption of PKA anchoring by the introduction of anchoring inhibitor peptides or expression of soluble AKAP fragments blocks GLP-1 action in primary islets and cAMP-responsive insulin secretion in clonal beta cells (RINm5F). Displacement of PKA also prevented cAMP-mediated elevation of intracellular calcium suggesting that localized PKA phosphorylation events augment calcium flux.
Design of Epifluorescence Cervical Cancer Patch to Screen across Large Field-of-View (2019)

High-resolution endomicroscopy techniques are limited in field-of-view by the fiber optic probe size. We present a prototype for screening cervical tissue across a 25 mm field-of-view using a high-resolution image guide and image-stitching algorithm.
CPM and PERT in Library Management. (1989)

Presentation des deux methodes de gestion de projet CPM (Critical Path Method) et PERT (Program Evaluation Review Techniques) et de leur representation graphique
Program Booklet of The 8th International Workshop on Systems, Signal Processing and their Applications (2013)

This is the Program Booklet of the event, WoSSPA’2013, held at Mazafran, Tipaza, nearby Algiers. The “Centre de Developpement des Technologies Avancees” (CDTA) in Algiers was the local co-organizer and main sponsor of the event. The main scientific and technical organizers of this event, in addition to myself (from Qatar University and University of Queensland, Australia), came from different parts of the world, including University of Rijeka, Croatia, “Ecole Polytechnique” of Algiers, and many others in Canada, USA, Ireland and France with the main contributors from CDTA being the Vice-Chair and the TPC liaison. This meeting represented the 27th Anniversary of WoSSPA, and the second time it was hosted in an African country.
 
For more details, visit http://www.wosspa2013.org to view WoSSPA2013 or see directly wosspa2013 program on http://edas.info/p13125.
A generalized solution method for the quasi‐chemical local composition equations (1985)

Abstract The work of Abusleme and Vera based on the Quasi‐Chemical Theory of Guggenheim in terms of groups is extended to multicomponent multigroup mixtures. The nonlinear equations arising from the theory are rearranged in a particular way that allows them to be solved using a generalized Newton‐Raphson method. Initial estimates of the values of the non‐random factors are obtained with a Taylor expansion around the random values. No more than five iterations are required for typical systems. Practical applications of the method are presented for ternary group systems.
Home-based cardiac rehabilitation improves quality of life, aerobic capacity, and readmission rates in patients with chronic heart failure (2018)

Home-based cardiac rehabilitation offered the most improved results in functional capacity, QOL, and a reduced the rate of readmission within 90 days.
Antibody Responses to Asian and American Genotypes of Dengue 2 Virus in Immunized Mice (2005)

The possibility of a correlation between dengue virus genotype groups and disease severity is currently under discussion. The objective of this investigation was to identify any immunogenic difference between the American and Asian dengue 2 virus genotypes through the study of antibody development (virus-binding immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibodies) in mice. Differences in the neutralization pattern between the strains studied were observed, suggesting the presence of slight antigenic variations among them. The lack of recognition of one of the Asian genotype strains was remarkable.
Neural Networks: Applications in Biomedical Engineering (2006)

Abstract This paper provides a brief survey of artificial neural networks and their applications. The paper also describes the structure and the training algorithms of some of the most commonly used neural networks and their applications. Neural structures covered in this paper include multilayer sigmoid neural networks, Hopfield networks, radial basis functions, and self‐organizing maps. Finally, some specific applications of neural networks in different fields of biomedical engineering are described.
Remote Recession Measurements of Wire-Seeded PICA Samples in an Arc-Jet Flow (2018)

Various methods for remote recession sensing of PICA have been developed and several seeding methods have been tested. The most recent method involved seeding the ablator with wires fed to the sample from the backside with a defined amount of PICA left towards the upstream front of the sample. This seed method mimics the installation of in-depth thermocouples as they are frequently used in ground testing and flight. Arc-jet tests were conducted in the NASA Langley HYMETS facility at a heat flux of 320 W/sq.cm. The emission of the post-shock layer was observed in spectral resolution from the side along an optical axis perpendicular to the arc-jet flow and from the front, looking at the sample surface from an upstream position. Various metallic seed materials with different melting points were used. In addition to the emission spectroscopy measurements, the samples were monitored during the tests through pyrometry and videography. The time resolved response of the seeded material is described and compared to earlier tests with different seeding methods. The combination of seed materials was found to be critical for the selection of emission signatures characteristic for the material recession which can be isolated in the final emission spectra.
Capacity optimization using augmented lagrange method in intelligent reflecting surface-based MIMO communication systems (2020)

In this paper, we present an algorithm for capacity optimization in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. To maximize the capacity of elements in IRS, we use augmented Lagrange method with the equivalent transformations on the covariance matrix and reflection matrix constraints. This results an adjustable phase shift on the incident signal. Furthermore, we reshape the complex-valued covariance matrix and reflection matrix to a vector for the ease of calculating partial derivatives to find the search direction. Then, the quasi-Newton updates and modified Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shano (BFGS) method in the complex domain form are used to find the local minimum. Finally, numerical simulation results demonstrate that our proposed IRS-aided system using the algorithm performs better than the state-of-the-art and the conventional communication systems.
SQ/TQ cluster domains: concentrated ATM/ATR kinase phosphorylation site regions in DNA-damage-response proteins (2005)

ATM/ATR-like protein kinases play central roles in the maintenance of genome stability and phosphorylate numerous substrates in response to DNA damage, preferentially on SQ or TQ motifs. ATM/ATR substrates often contain several closely spaced SQ/TQ motifs in regions that have been termed SQ/TQ cluster domains (SCDs). SCDs are now considered a structural hallmark of DNA-damage-response proteins. Mutational analyses of a number of SCD-containing proteins indicate that multisite phosphorylation of SQ/TQ motifs is required for normal DNA-damage responses, most commonly by mediating protein-protein interactions in the formation of DNA-damage-induced complexes. SCD sequences are highly diverse and these domains may be largely unfolded in their native state rather than adopting a common three-dimensional fold. Structural disorder of SCDs could be advantageous for efficient phosphorylation by ATM/ATR kinases and also enable them to be molded into distinct conformations to facilitate flexible interactions with multiple binding partners.
Die Zeitperspektive im Handlungskontext der strategischen Planung (1996)

Nachdem im zurückliegenden Kapitel die notwendigen begrifflichen Unterscheidungen getroffen worden sind, um unmißverständlich über die “Zeit” zu sprechen, läßt sich das unternehmenspraktische Zeit-Problem präziser fassen. Folgte die Untersuchung bisher der umgangssprachlich formulierten Frage, welche Annahmen über die Zeit (welche Zeitvorstellungen bzw. welche Einstellungen zur Zeit) ein Akteur bei der Bewältigung strategischer Planungsaufgaben entwickeln sollte,1 ist nun — nach der Explikation des Zeitbegriffs — offenkundig, daß sich die Untersuchung auf die Beantwortung der Frage konzentrieren muß, welche Zeitperspektive ein Akteur im Handlungskontext der strategischen Planung einnehmen sollte.
Progress Towards the Development of a HIV-1 gp41-Directed Vaccine (2004)

The HIV-1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein mediates fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. The core of the gp41 ectodomain undergoes a receptor-triggered conformational transition forming a trimeric, alpha-helical coiled-coil structure. This trimer-of-hairpins species facilitates insertion of the viral envelope protein into the host cell membrane promoting viral entry. The prefusogenic conformation of gp41 is capable of stimulating a neutralizing antibody immune response and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target. Several broadly neutralizing HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies which bind to gp41 have been characterized and include 4E10, Z13 and 2F5. A conserved segment of gp41 (residues 661-684) has been identified as the epitope for the HIV-1 neutralizing antibody 2F5 (MAb 2F5). MAb 2F5 has attracted considerable attention because of the highly conserved recognition epitope and the ability to neutralize both laboratory-adapted and primary viral isolates. Antibodies which recognize the immunodominant regions of gp41 may provide protection against HIV infection if elicited at appropriate concentrations. Here we review the rational design, structure-activity relationships and conformational features of both linear and constrained peptide immunogens incorporating variants of both the 2F5 epitope and the gp41 ectodomain. This review describes a rational design approach combining structural characterization with traditional SAR to optimize MAb 2F5 antibody affinities of gp41-based peptide immunogens. The immunogens are shown to stimulate a high titer, peptide-specific immune response; however, the resulting antisera were incapable of viral neutralization. The implication of these findings with regard to structural and immunological considerations is discussed.