gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rendezvous Points Based Layered Multicast (2001)

SUMMARY Layered multicast approach enables IP multicast to adapt to heterogeneous networks. In layered multicast, each layer of a session is sent to separate multicast groups. These layers will be transmitted on the same route, or on different routes. However, traditional congestion control schemes of layered multicast do not consider the case when layers of a session are transmitted on different routes. In this paper, at first we show that in sparse-mode routing protocols like PIM-SM and CBT, layers of a session can be mapped to different Rendezvous Points or cores due to the bootstrap mechanism. It means that layers of a session can be transmitted on different routes. We then show that traditional congestion control schemes of layered multicast do not work properly in sparse-mode routing regions. At last we introduce Rendezvous Point based Layered Multicast (RPLM), a novel congestion control scheme suitable for sparsemode routing regions, and show that RPLM works efficiently in regions using sparse mode routing protocols. RPLM uses per-RP packet loss rate instead of the overall one to detect congestion on each route, and can react to congestion quickly by dropping the highest layer on the congested route. In addition, RPLM simultaneously drops all the layers those are useless in quality’s improvement to prevent bandwidth waste.
Long and Thin Triangles Can Be Good for Linear Interpolation (1992)

Given a set of data points in $R^2 $ and corresponding data values, it is clear that the quality of a Piecewise Linear Interpolation Surface (PUS) over triangles depends on the specific triangulation of the data points. In this paper, the question of what are good triangles (and triangulations) for linear interpolation is studied further. First, the model problem of constructing optimal triangulations for interpolating quadratic functions by PLIS is considered. Next, a new interpretation of existing error bounds for interpolating general smooth functions by PUS is studied. The conclusion is that triangles should be long in directions where the magnitude of the second directional derivative of F is small and thin in directions where the magnitude of the second directional derivative of F is large.
A Single Dose TMV-HA Vaccine Protects Mice from H5N1 Influenza Challeng (2016)

Recombinant subunit vaccines are an efficient strategy to meet the demands of a possible influenza pandemic, because of rapid and scalable production. However, vaccines made from recombinant Hemagglutinin (HA) subunit protein are often of low potency, requiring repeated boosting to generate a sustained immune response. Previously, we demonstrated improved immunogenicity of a plant-made H1 Hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine by chemical conjugation to the surface of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) which is non infectious in mammals. Antigen coated TMV is taken up by mammalian dendritic cells and is a highly effective antigen carrier for subunit protein vaccines. In this work, we tested the effectiveness of a TMV-H5 HA conjugate vaccine. We compared the TMV-H5 immunogenicity in mice, with and without an oil-in water squalene adjuvant, to H5N1 virus or HA protein alone, as measured by anti-H5 IgG titers and Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI). We then evaluated the efficacy of the TMV-H5 vaccine by lethal H5N1 virus challenge in mice. Our results show that a single dose of the TMV-H5 conjugate vaccine is sufficient to generate 40% survival, similar to H5 protein given with adjuvant, or 100% survival after vaccination with adjuvant, similar to H5N1 virus vaccination.
Erratum: A mean-field theory of grain boundary segregation [J. Chem. Phys. 9 5, 4427 (1991)] (1992)

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The role of triacylglycerol as a reservoir of polyunsaturated fatty acids for the rapid production of chloroplastic lipids in certain microalgae (2000)

Many microalgae are known to accumulate triacylglycerols (TAGs), especially under nitrate starvation. Generally, these TAGs are predominantly constructed of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, the TAGs of the red microalga Porphyridium cruentum are rich in arachidonic acid (AA, 20: 4 ω 6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20: 5 ω 3). A mutant of this alga, impaired of growth at suboptimal temperatures, was shown to have reduced levels of EPA and of the eukaryotic molecular species of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and an elevated level of TAG. Labelling experiments have shown that labelling of wild-type TAGs decreased, whereas that of the mutant remained high. Contemporarily, eukaryotic MGDG of the mutant was less labelled. Similarly, TAGs of the green alga T12, which can grow at a low temperature, are extremely rich in AA. We have labelled exponentially growing cultures of T12 kept at 25 °C with radioactive AA and cultivated the cultures for a further 12 h at 25 °C, 12 °C or 4 °C. At low temperatures, labelled AA was transferred from TAGs to polar lipids. These findings may indicate that polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be incorporated into the membranes, enabling the organism to quickly respond to low-temperature-induced stress.
From polar to Reed-Muller codes: A technique to improve the finite-length performance (2014)

We explore the relationship between polar and RM codes and we describe a coding scheme which improves upon the performance of the standard polar code at practical block lengths. Our starting point is the experimental observation that RM codes have a smaller error probability than polar codes under MAP decoding. This motivates us to introduce a family of codes that “interpolates” between RM and polar codes, call this family C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">inter</sub> = {C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">α</sub> : α ∈ [0, 1]}, where C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">α|α=1</sub> is the original polar code, and C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">α|α=0</sub> is an RM code. Based on numerical observations, we remark that the error probability under MAP decoding is an increasing function of α. MAP decoding has in general exponential complexity, but empirically the performance of polar codes at finite block lengths is boosted by moving along the family C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">inter</sub> even under low-complexity decoding schemes such as, for instance, belief propagation or successive cancellation list decoder. We demonstrate the performance gain via numerical simulations for transmission over the erasure channel as well as the Gaussian channel.
Experimental Investigation of the Phase Equilibria in the Carbon Dioxide-Propane-3 M MDEA System (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperimental Investigation of the Phase Equilibria in the Carbon Dioxide-Propane-3 M MDEA SystemFang-Yuan Jou, Alan E. Mather, Frederick D. Otto, and John J. CarrollCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 7, 2526–2529Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00046a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00046a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views193Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Body Ownership of Anatomically Implausible Hands in Virtual Reality (2021)

Manipulating sensory and motor cues can cause an illusionary perception of ownership of a fake body part. Presumably, the illusion can work as long as the false body part's position and appearance are anatomically plausible. Here, we introduce an illusion that challenges past assumptions on body ownership. We used virtual reality to switch and mirror participants' views of their hands. When a participant moves their physical hand, they see the incongruent virtual hand moving. The result is an anatomically implausible configuration of the fake hand. Despite the hand switch, participants reported significant body ownership sensations over the virtual hands. In the first between-group experiment, we found that the strength of body ownership over the incongruent hands was similar to that of congruent hands. Whereas, in the second within-group experiment, anatomical incongruency significantly decreased body ownership. Still, participants reported significant body ownership sensations of the switched hands. Curiously, we found that perceived levels of agency mediate the effect of anatomical congruency on body ownership. These findings offer a fresh perspective on the relationship between anatomical plausibility and assumed body ownership. We propose that goal-directed and purposeful actions can override anatomical plausibility constraints and discuss this in the context of the immersive properties of virtual reality.
Simulation der Materialdampfexpansion (1999)

Nach bisherigem Prozeßverständnis führt die Expansion des Materialdampfs zu einer Kompression des umgebenden Gases und zur Bildung einer Stoßfront, die ungestörtes Umgebungsgas vom komprimierten Gas trennt. Eine weitere Unstetigkeitsfläche befindet sich zwischen dem Materialdampf und dem komprimierten Umgebungsgas, die als Kontaktfront bezeichnet wird. Zur Veranschaulichung der Lage der beiden Unstetigkeitsflächen zueinander ist in Abb. 4.1 eine Skizze dargestellt, welche auch andere physikalische Gegebenheiten und auftretende Phänomene bei der laserinduzierten Expansion aufzeigt. Die Grenzfläche zwischen dem flüssigen Material und dem Materialdampf wird als Verdampfungsfront bezeichnet. Oberhalb der Verdampfungsfront existiert eine als Knudsenschicht bezeichnete Zone, in der das im thermischen Nichtgleichgewicht befindliche abdampfende Material innerhalb einiger freier Weglängen in ein Translationsgleichgewicht überführt wird, sobald der Dampfdruck größer wird als der Umgebungsdruck. Diese Schicht stellt eine Verbindung zwischen dem abdampfenden Material und den gas- und thermodynamischen Gegebenheiten oberhalb der Knudsenschicht her, wie z.B. die Dampftemperatur T g in Abhängigkeit von der Oberflächentemperatur T L . Aufgrund der Expansion kommt es zu einer Abkühlung und damit zu einer Übersättigung des Dampfes, so daß ein Kon­densationsprozeß einsetzen kann Die entstehenden Cluster können die Laserstrahlung absorbieren und streuen. Des weiteren liegen im heißen Materialdampf freie Elektronen vor, die mit dem Strahlungsfeld des Lasers wechselwirken. Diese Wechselwirkungsprozes­se führen dazu, daß die einfallende Laserstrahlung zum Teil von der Werkstückoberfläche abgeschirmt und die Prozeßeffektivität herabgesetzt wird.
Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Covalently Linked Mutated Azurin Dimer (2003)

We have employed a novel recombinant azurin mutant where the cysteine residues 3 and 26 forming the internal disulfide bridge were replaced by alanines and a cysteine replaced the native alanine 42, thus leading to an azurin dimer linked via the disulfide formed between these residues and at a site closer to the copper center. An intramolecular electron transfer has been induced between the disulfide radical ion produced by pulse radiolytic reducing radicals and the Cu(II) ion. Analysis of this intramolecular long-range electron transfer (LRET) rates and their temperature dependence resolves a clear difference in the nature of this process as compared to that occurring in earlier-examined azurins inasmuch as the induced LRET proceeds along a shorter and structurally distinct part of the protein. Still, we demonstrate here that the results do fit the accepted model of how the heterogeneous matrix in a folded polypeptide mediates long-range electronic coupling.
Medicinal Marijuana Production Creates Problem Residential Properties: A Routine Activity Theory Explanation and a Situational Crime-Prevention Solution (2017)

Objectives: Illicit production of marijuana on residential properties creates significant health and safety problems. Health Canada grants licences to individuals to produce medicinal marijuana for personal use, conditional on their compliance with all appropriate regulations. Health Canada does not inspect licensees’ activities to monitor regulatory compliance, and privacy legislation prevents Health Canada from sharing licence holders’ details with third parties. This research examines how effective this administrative structure is at preventing medicinal marijuana from being produced in residential buildings by licence holders. Methods: The indoor production of marijuana requires substantial amounts of electricity. From 2005, addresses in Surrey, British Columbia, with exceptionally high power consumption have been provided to the municipal government for the purposes of undertaking fire safety inspections. This paper examines the outcome of inspections at 1,204 marijuana-production sites (n = 252 medicinal, n = 952 illicit) to see whether the licensing process prevents marijuana production in residential buildings. The illicit-production sites inspected by the city are used as a non-random comparison group for the medicinal sites. Findings: This inspection process has identified an increasing number of medicinal- (relative to illicit-) production sites in recent years. Medicinal-production operations were significantly less likely to be located in residential buildings. However, the medicinal residential sites that were detected were located in equivalent parts of the city to the illicit residential operations. Residential medicinal-production sites presented fewer electrical and biological safety problems relative to illicit-production sites, but all residential medicinal-production sites breached zoning and legislative requirements relating to land use, building safety, and structural integrity. Conclusions: The current administrative structure for licensing medicinal marijuana production does not prevent residential buildings from being used as marijuana-production sites. Routine activity theory is used as a platform to explain how additional situational prevention mechanisms can be used to prevent licensed medicinal marijuana production from creating building-related health and safety problems in the future.
Free-space micromachined optical switches with submillisecond switching time for large-scale optical crossconnects (1998)

Optical crossconnects with large port counts are fast becoming critical components for high-capacity optical transport networks. The free-space micromachined optical switches (FS-MOS) demonstrated in this letter represent a means of filling this network need by combining the advantages of free-space interconnection with the virtues of integrated optics. Featuring free-rotating hinged micromirrors, the switch overcomes the common drawback of mechanical-type switches, namely long switching time. Measurements have revealed switching times less than 700 μs, crosstalk less than -60 dB, extinction ratio greater than 60 dB, negligible polarization-dependent loss, and excellent bit-error-rate (BER) performance.
Mechanical performance of fiber reinforced metal matrix composites and microstructural development of polycrystalline alumina fibers synthesized from liquid precursors. Final report, 1 July 1992-28 February 1994 (1994)

The research of the Office of Naval Research grant at UCSB focused on the research concerns of mechanical properties of fiber reinforced metal matrix composites as well as the understanding of microstructural development in polycrystalline Al2O3 fibers synthesized from liquid precursors. It has been closely coordinated with the DARPA/ONR URI program dealing with the design of high performance composites.
Shear and Extensional Rheology of Cellulose/Ionic Liquid Solutions (2012)

In this study, we characterize the shear and extensional rheology of dilute to semidilute solutions of cellulose in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIAc). In steady shear flow, the semidilute solutions exhibit shear thinning, and the high-frequency complex modulus measured in small amplitude oscillatory shear flow exhibits the characteristic scaling expected for solutions of semiflexible chains. Flow curves of the steady shear viscosity plotted against shear rate closely follow the frequency dependence of the complex viscosity acquired using oscillatory shear, thus satisfying the empirical Cox-Merz rule. We use capillary thinning rheometry (CaBER) to characterize the relaxation times and apparent extensional viscosities of the semidilute cellulose solutions in a uniaxial extensional flow that mimics the dynamics encountered in the spin-line during fiber spinning processes. The apparent extensional viscosity and characteristic relaxation times of the semidilute cellulose/EMIAc solutions increase dramatically as the solutions enter the entangled concentration regime at which fiber spinning becomes viable.
Mitral valve repair in rheumatic disease (2011)

Rheumatic mitral valve disease was the earliest indication for cardiac surgery, and techniques have evolved progressively since the first mitral »valvotomy« by Elliot Cutler in 1923. Worldwide, rheumatic heart disease remains a major cause of cardiac morbidity and mortality with the incidence exceeding 50 per 100,000 children. After decades of declining incidence in North America and Europe, current data suggest that rheumatic disease is increasing even in developed countries. In most cardiac surgical centers, rheumatic valve dysfunction remains a significant clinical entity comprising approximately 20% of current mitral practice.
VDE: Virtual Distributed Ethernet (2005)

The idea of VDE is very effective but straightforward simple and can be applied in very many configuration to provide several services. It is a sort of Swiss knife of emulated networks. It can be used as a general virtual private network as well as a support technology for mobility, a tool for network testing, a general reconfigurable overlay network, a layer for implementing privacy preserving technologies and many others. A prototype VDE has been implemented and released as free software under the GPL licence.
Offline Subsea Wellhead MODU Operations Provide Significant Time Savings (2003)

Abstract BP has combined existing technology with appropriate SIMOPS (Simultaneous Operations) planning to safely achieve significant cost reductions in deepwater field development by running several subsea wellhead components offline of drilling activities. This was achieved by utilizing conventional subsea wellhead tools that have been adapted for use in open water with the support of a subsea winch located in the moonpool on a mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) and an ROV. The traditional method of deploying and installing the equipment using drill pipe requires that this work be done in the critical path of operations, using the rotary table. This takes more time because running drill pipe takes significantly longer than deploying wire rope off a winch. Offline operations included deployment of wellhead corrosion caps, gasket seal prep protectors, and two different stack-up height measurement tools, installation of lockdown hangers, guidelineless re-entry assemblies (GRA), brushing the wellhead bore, and injecting corrosion inhibitor. The ROV system capability has been key in removing these operations from rig critical path by facilitating the operation, installation and retrieval of the tools. BP's Holstein Drilling Team challenged itself to generate best in class performances by installing the lockdown hangers and GRAs, using offline subsea wellhead tools and ROV technology. This offline operational approach was successfully used on BP's Gulf of Mexico Horn Mountain project. The Holstein Team refined the concept and redesigned the tools from lessons learned, allowing the scope of the work to be increased to 16 wells. Removal of the operations from the critical path resulted in an estimated savings of 31 days of rig time for the project. These repetitive operations on multiple wells, in a field development scenario, resulted in significant cost reduction of $9.75 million, while meeting all safety expectations.
Distinct Mobilization of Circulating CD271+ Mesenchymal Progenitors from Hematopoietic Progenitors During Aging and After Myocardial Infarction (2012)

The specific cell surface markers on mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) have been poorly defined in vivo, but in one recent study, an MSC subpopulation was directly isolated from a CD271-positive fraction of human bone marrow cells. The aim of this study was to identify circulating CD271(+) MSCs in human peripheral blood and investigate whether the cells are mobilized after acute myocardial infarction (MI). A flow cytometric analysis identified CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD271(+) cells in adult human peripheral blood. The numbers of circulating CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD133(+) cells (hematopoietic linage progenitors) were significantly lower in elderly subjects without coronary artery disease than in healthy young subjects, whereas the numbers of CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD271(+) cells were comparable between elderly subjects and younger subjects. The CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD271(+) and CD133(+) cell counts were both higher in patients with acute MI than in patients with stable coronary artery disease. In our investigation of the time course changes after acute MI, the CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD133(+) cell counts gradually increased up to day 7. Over the same period, the CD45(low/-)CD34(+)CD271(+) cell counts peaked at day 3 and then declined up to day 7. Importantly, the CD271(+) cell counts at day 3 were positively correlated with the peak concentrations of creatine kinase after acute MI. Results of the present study suggest that the CD271(+) MSCs are mobilized differently from the CD133(+) hematopoietic progenitors and may play a specific role in the tissue repair process during age-related changes and after acute myocardial infarction.