gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of Microcomputers into the Organization (1991)

As organizations in business and industry continue to acquire microcomputers in increasing numbers, it is becoming apparent that achieving the increases in productivity purportedly associated with microcomputers has not been as easy as some may have anticipated. This paper suggests that to realize the maximum potential of microcomputers at the firm level, it is necessary first to ensure successful incorporation of microcomputers into tasks of employees at the individual level. Organizations have not done enough toward this end, and the result has been the lack of a smooth integration of microcomputers into the organization. With the goal of improving the productivity of microcomputers in the organization, this paper provides a model to explain the individual’s response to the introduction of microcomputers into the organization and discusses possible contributors to dysfunctional development. A framework is developed to explain a subset of individual and organizational variables that contribute to successful and productive adoption of microcomputers in the organization.Request access from your librarian to read this article's full text.
Elastic-instability–enabled locomotion (2021)

Locomotion of an organism interacting with an environment is the consequence of a symmetry-breaking action in space-time. Here we show a minimal instantiation of this principle using a thin circular sheet, actuated symmetrically by a pneumatic source, using pressure to change shape nonlinearly via a spontaneous buckling instability. This leads to a polarized, bilaterally symmetric cone that can walk on land and swim in water. In either mode of locomotion, the emergence of shape asymmetry in the sheet leads to an asymmetric interaction with the environment that generates movement--via anisotropic friction on land, and via directed inertial forces in water. Scaling laws for the speed of the sheet of the actuator as a function of its size, shape, and the frequency of actuation are consistent with our observations. The presence of easily controllable reversible modes of buckling deformation further allows for a change in the direction of locomotion in open arenas and the ability to squeeze through confined environments--both of which we demonstrate using simple experiments. Our simple approach of harnessing elastic instabilities in soft structures to drive locomotion enables the design of novel shape-changing robots and other bioinspired machines at multiple scales.
Abstract 119: Serial Analysis of Perfusion Angiography in Endovascular Intervention for Acute Stroke With Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (2014)

Background: Perfusion imaging is often used to predict tissue fate during acute stroke in clinical practice and in research trials. During endovascular interventions, conventional angiography provides perfusion information at the actual time of reperfusion therapy yet scoring reperfusion remains operator-dependent and limited by scale properties. Here, a quantitative analysis was conducted to evaluate serial changes in perfusion during treatment. Methods: Angiography was analyzed from 118 acute MCA occlusion cases with attempted endovascular reperfusion at UPMC or UCLA. Parametric maps for MTT, TTP, Tmax, CBV, and CBF were extracted with perfusion angiography software (PerfAngio) from angiograms acquired at the time of treatment. Delta maps were created representing the serial change in perfusion parameters across treatment. Region of interest analysis (ROI) performed on the MCA distribution quantified the average change in perfusion. Results: Delta maps allowed for spatial characterization of the change in perfusion that occurs as a consequence of endovascular therapy as shown in the figure. ROI analysis performed for the first 35 cases demonstrated a wide variance in perfusion change ranging from 52% decrease in CBF to 476% increase in CBF. Conclusions: Serial changes extracted using perfusion angiography provide a quantitative, continuous measure of tissue reperfusion resulting from an endovascular therapy. Such perfusion data are more spatially informative and may be more amenable to statistical analysis than the standard categorical scale of reperfusion (TICI) following endovascular intervention.
The effect of ethylene oxide sterilization on the surface chemistry andin vitrocytotoxicity of several kinds of chitosan (2013)

The surfaces of three chitosan samples, differing only in their degrees of deacetylation and of carboxyethyl chitosan were chemically characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared, both before and after sterilization with ethylene oxide. Unexpected elemental ratios suggest that surface chemical modification occurred during the processing of the original chitin, with further surface modification on subsequent sterilization, despite previous reports to the contrary. Cell viability was evaluated by direct contact methyl thiazole tetrazolium and lactate dehydrogenase assays between the chitosan particles and A549 human epithelial cells, which demonstrated that the modifications incurred on sterilization are reflected in biocompatibility changes. All the samples were found to be biocompatible and nontoxic before sterilization and remained so subsequently. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Self-calibratable rotary encoder (2005)

In the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ)/AIST, a rotary encoder calibration system was developed as the national primary standard for an angle, and a highly precise standard calibration service has been supplied from 2003. The source of uncertainty that influences most greatly in calibration is the attachment error (eccentricity) of a rotary encoder. Even if users get the calibrated rotary encoder, the error when attaching in using apparatus cannot be estimated. In NMIJ, we developed the new rotary encoder that can be calibrated by rotary encoder itself. Its mechanism is very simple; some reading heads are arranged at the equal angle interval around a scale disk. The calibration curve that contains not only all graduation lines deviation but eccentricity can be obtained by analyzing in series the signals acquired from heads. In order to check the performance of this epoch-making rotary encoder, we set up this system on the national primary standard and compared this self-calibration data with the data by using the primary standard system. The accuracy for 0.5'' or less could be acquired. Since this method is applicable also to a small rotary encoder, it is expected that the self-calibratable rotary encoder be used in many angle control instruments.
AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR THE FORMATION OF SUPERFINE, THERMOPLASTIC FIBERS (1959)

Abstract : The report describes the modifications which have ben made on the original NRL device for forming superfine, thermoplastic fibers. The modifications allow a more precise control of process variables. They include (a) a new nozzle which materially reduces shot formation, (b) an improved heating block and cool- ing system which reduces warm up time, and (c) an altered collection unit which markedly improves fiber lay down. The formation of reproducible lots of super- fine, thermoplastic fibers of a given material is now possible.
Simulation Studies for the Effects of Particle Size and Blade Rake Angle on Particle Mixing (2010)

first_page settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessConference Report Simulation Studies for the Effects of Particle Size and Blade Rake Angle on Particle Mixing by M. S. SIRAJ *, S. RADL and J. G. KHINAST Institute for Process and Particle Engineering (IPPE), Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Sci. Pharm. 2010, 78(3), 633; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.cespt.8.PMS06 Received: 12 July 2010 / Accepted: 12 July 2010 / Published: 12 July 2010 Download Download PDF Versions Notes Abstract Solid particle mixing is an important unit operation in process industry. [...] Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style SIRAJ, M.S.; RADL, S.; KHINAST, J.G. Simulation Studies for the Effects of Particle Size and Blade Rake Angle on Particle Mixing. Sci. Pharm. 2010, 78, 633. https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.cespt.8.PMS06 AMA Style SIRAJ MS, RADL S, KHINAST JG. Simulation Studies for the Effects of Particle Size and Blade Rake Angle on Particle Mixing. Scientia Pharmaceutica. 2010; 78(3):633. https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.cespt.8.PMS06 Chicago/Turabian Style SIRAJ, M. S., S. RADL, and J. G. KHINAST. 2010. "Simulation Studies for the Effects of Particle Size and Blade Rake Angle on Particle Mixing" Scientia Pharmaceutica 78, no. 3: 633. https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.cespt.8.PMS06 Find Other Styles Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics For more information on the journal statistics, click here. Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.
A Graphene-Based Resistive Pressure Sensor with Record-High Sensitivity in a Wide Pressure Range (2015)

Pressure sensors are a key component in electronic skin (e-skin) sensing systems. Most reported resistive pressure sensors have a high sensitivity at low pressures (<5 kPa) to enable ultra-sensitive detection. However, the sensitivity drops significantly at high pressures (>5 kPa), which is inadequate for practical applications. For example, actions like a gentle touch and object manipulation have pressures below 10 kPa, and 10-100 kPa, respectively. Maintaining a high sensitivity in a wide pressure range is in great demand. Here, a flexible, wide range and ultra-sensitive resistive pressure sensor with a foam-like structure based on laser-scribed graphene (LSG) is demonstrated. Benefitting from the large spacing between graphene layers and the unique v-shaped microstructure of the LSG, the sensitivity of the pressure sensor is as high as 0.96 kPa(-1) in a wide pressure range (0 ~ 50 kPa). Considering both sensitivity and pressure sensing range, the pressure sensor developed in this work is the best among all reported pressure sensors to date. A model of the LSG pressure sensor is also established, which agrees well with the experimental results. This work indicates that laser scribed flexible graphene pressure sensors could be widely used for artificial e-skin, medical-sensing, bio-sensing and many other areas.
Hydration of Aza-aromatic Aldehydes. I. Isolation of the Solid Hydrates and the Thermodynamic Properties in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (1977)

Abstract The covalent hydration forming geminal diol is shown to be general in six-membered aza-aromatic aldehydes substituted by a formyl group at ortho or para-position to the nitrogen atom, and the equilibrium constants and thermodynamic quantities of the reaction are determined by NMR spectroscopic measurements. The results are compared with those of their hemiacetal formation. In several cases, solid monohydrates are isolated and identified.
A steroid hydroxylase inhibitor, diplodialide-A, and related metabolites from Diplodia pinea (1979)

K. Wada and T. Ishida, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1979, 1154 DOI: 10.1039/P19790001154
Predictive Capabilities of a Pheromone-Based Monitoring System for Western Hemlock Looper (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) (1995)

Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), were sampled and related to the numbers of male moths captured in pheromone-baited Unitraps at 27 (1992) and 34 (1993) study sites throughout the coastal western hemlock and interior cedar hemlock biogeoclimatic zones of British Columbia. Male moth catches in traps baited with 10 μg of both isomeric 5,1l-dimethylheptadecane and 2,5-dimethylheptadecane on a rubber septum lure were significantly correlated with larval and pupal counts within the same generation and were predictive of egg counts in the subsequent generation, suggesting that pheromone-baited traps could be used to monitor populations and predict future outbreaks.
Nanoscale Capacitance and Capacitance-Voltage Curves for Advanced Characterization of Electrical Properties of Si and GaN Structures Using Scanning Microwave Impedance Microscopy (2016)

Abstract The use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) electrical measurement modes is a critical tool for the study of semiconductor devices and process development. A relatively new electrical mode, scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM), measures a material’s change in permittivity and conductivity at the scale of an AFM probe tip [1]. sMIM provides the real and imaginary impedance (Re(Z) and Im(Z)) of the probe-sample interface. By measuring the reflected microwave signal as a sample of interest is imaged with an AFM, we can in parallel capture the variations in permittivity and conductivity and, for doped semiconductors, variations in the depletion-layer geometry. An existing technique for characterizing doped semiconductors, scanning capacitance microscopy, modulates the tip-sample bias and detects the tip-sample capacitance with a lock-in amplifier. A previous study compares sMIM to SCM and highlights the additional capabilities of sMIM [2], including examples of nano-scale capacitance-voltage curves. In this paper we focus on the detailed mechanisms and capabilities of the nano-scale C-V curves and the ability to extract semiconductor properties from them. This study includes analytical and finite element modeling of tip bias dependent depletion-layer geometry and impedance. These are compared to experimental results on reference samples for both doped Si and GaN doped staircases to validate the systematic response of the sMIM-C (capacitive) channel to the doping concentration.
Modified wetted-wall inertial fusion reactor concept (1980)

Limitations on reactor pulse repetition rate and uncertainties with respect to assurance of first wall protection in LASL wetted-wall inertial fusion reactor concepts, in which restoration of cavity conditions to those required for acceptable driver energy pulse transmission following pellet microexplosion is accomplished by exhaust of ablated liquid metal through nozzles and protective films are formed by forcing liquid metal through porous first walls, can be circumvented through alternative methods of cavity clearing and protective film formation. Exploratory analyses indicate that our modified wetted-wall concept, in which protective liquid metal films are injected directly onto cavity walls through slit nozzles to ensure first wall protection and are held there by centrifugal forces and cavity clearing occurs by condensation of vapor on film liquid not ablated as a result of pellet x ray and debris ion energy deposition, can be operated at substantially higher repetition rates. The new mode of operation appears to be attractive for heavy ion fusion, for which constraints on cavity design options may be more severe, as well as laser fusion. Numerical results of the exploratory analyses, plus discussion of aspects of the new concept requiring further work, are presented.
Batf2/Irf1 Induces Inflammatory Responses in Classically Activated Macrophages, Lipopolysaccharides, and Mycobacterial Infection (2015)

Basic leucine zipper transcription factor Batf2 is poorly described, whereas Batf and Batf3 have been shown to play essential roles in dendritic cell, T cell, and B cell development and regulation. Batf2 was drastically induced in IFN-γ-activated classical macrophages (M1) compared with unstimulated or IL-4-activated alternative macrophages (M2). Batf2 knockdown experiments from IFN-γ-activated macrophages and subsequent expression profiling demonstrated important roles for regulation of immune responses, inducing inflammatory and host-protective genes Tnf, Ccl5, and Nos2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Beijing strain HN878)-infected macrophages further induced Batf2 and augmented host-protective Batf2-dependent genes, particularly in M1, whose mechanism was suggested to be mediated through both TLR2 and TLR4 by LPS and heat-killed HN878 (HKTB) stimulation experiments. Irf1 binding motif was enriched in the promoters of Batf2-regulated genes. Coimmunoprecipitation study demonstrated Batf2 association with Irf1. Furthermore, Irf1 knockdown showed downregulation of IFN-γ- or LPS/HKTB-activated host-protective genes Tnf, Ccl5, Il12b, and Nos2. Conclusively, Batf2 is an activation marker gene for M1 involved in gene regulation of IFN-γ-activated classical macrophages, as well as LPS/HKTB-induced macrophage stimulation, possibly by Batf2/Irf1 gene induction. Taken together, these results underline the role of Batf2/Irf1 in inducing inflammatory responses in M. tuberculosis infection.
AMPS definition study on Optical Band Imager and Photometer System (OBIPS) (1975)

A study was conducted to define the characteristics of a modular optical diagnostic system (OBIPS) for AMPS, to provide input to Phase B studies, and to give information useful for experiment planning and design of other instrumentation. The system described consists of visual and UV-band imagers and visual and UV-band photometers; of these the imagers are most important because of their ability to measure intensity as a function of two spatial dimensions and time with high resolution. The various subsystems of OBIPS are in themselves modular with modules having a high degree of interchangeability for versatility, economy, and redundancy.
ASCI queuing systems: overview and comparisons (2002)

This paper describes research in and a performance comparison of the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) queuing algorithms using a newly developed simulator. The goal of this research is to develop models of the queuing systems used at the Sandia, Los Alamos, and Livermore National Laboratories (SNL, LANL, LLNL) and to study the strengths and weaknesses of the queuing algorithms. We present results of a number of simulation runs using actual job log data as well as generated job data where we analyze various performance metrics relating to overall facility utilization, responsiveness at the individual job level, and predictability in terms of run time. We find that the algorithms generally perform fairly closely to each other and are able to identify some manifestations of queuing policy in the performance metrics.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HIGH BIREFRINGENCE AND LOW CONFINEMENT LOSS PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER EMPLOYING ELLIPTICAL AIR HOLES IN FIBER CLADDING WITH TETRAGONAL LATTICE (2010)

We numerically compare the mode birefringence and conflnement loss with four patterns (case A{D) of index-guiding photonic crystal flbers (PCF) using the flnite element method. These PCFs are composed of a solid silica core surrounded by difierent sizes of elliptical air holes and a cladding which consist of the same elliptical air holes in flber cladding with tetragonal lattice. The maximal modal birefringence and lowest conflnement loss of our proposed case A structure at the excitation wavelength of ‚ = 1550nm can be achieved at a magnitude of 5:3 £ 10 i2 (which is the highest value to our knowledge) and less than 0.051dB/km (an acceptable value less than 0.1dB/km) with only four rings of air holes in flber cladding, respectively. The merit of our designed PCFs is that the birefringence and conflnement loss can be easily controlled by turning the pitch (hole to hole spacing) of elliptical air holes in PCF cladding.
THE INFLUENCE OF HORMONAL AND NEURONAL FACTORS ON RAT HEART ADRENOCEPTORS (1980)

1 The influence of hormonal and neuronal factors on adrenoceptors mediating increased cardiac force and rate of contraction were studied in rat isolated atria. The pharmacological properties of these receptors were deduced from the relative potencies of agonists and from the effects of selective alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. The numbers and affinities of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors were also determined by radioligand binding to ventricular membrane fragments.2 Hypophysectomy reduced the inotropic potency of isoprenaline and increased the potency of phenylephrine and methoxamine in left atria. The effect of phenylephrine was inhibited by propranolol less effectively and by phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine more effectively in hypophysectomized than in control rats. The difference in block was smaller at low than at high antagonist concentrations. Similar but smaller changes were observed for chronotropic responses of right atria.3 The decreased beta- and increased alpha-receptor response after hypophysectomy was similar to that observed earlier in thyroidectomized rats (Kunos, 1977). These changes developed slowly after hypophysectomy (>2 weeks), they were both reversed within 2 days of thyroxine treatment (0.2 mg/kg daily), but were not affected by cortisone treatment (50 mg/kg every 12 h for 4 days).4 Treatment of hypophysectomized rats for 2 days with thyroxine increased the density of [(3)H]-dihydroalprenolol ([(3)H]-DHA) binding sites from 27.5 +/- 2.7 to 45.5 +/- 5.7 fmol/mg protein and decreased the density of [(3)H]-WB-4101 binding sites from 38.7 +/- 3.1 to 18.7 +/- 2.5 fmol/mg protein. The affinity of either type of binding site for agonists or antagonist was not significantly altered by thyroxine treatment and the sum total of alpha(1)- and beta-receptors remained the same.5 Sympathetic denervation of thyroidectomized rats by 6-hydroxydopamine increased the inotropic potency of isoprenaline and noradrenaline and the blocking effect of propranolol, and decreased the potency of phenylephrine and the blocking effect of phenoxybenzamine to or beyond values observed in euthyroid controls. The density of [(3)H]-DHA binding sites was higher and that of [(3)H]-WB-4101 binding sites was lower in the denervated than in the innervated hypothyroid myocardium. Depletion of endogenous noradrenaline stores by reserpine did not significantly alter the adrenoceptor response pattern of the hypothyroid preparations and did not influence the density or affinity of [(3)H]-DHA and [(3)H]-WB-4101 binding sites.6 These results indicate that thyrotropin or steroids do not contribute to the reciprocal changes in the sensitivity of cardiac alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptors in altered thyroid states. These thyroid hormone-dependent changes are probably due to a parallel, reciprocal change in the numbers but not the affinities of alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptors. Reciprocal regulation of cardiac alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptors by thyroid hormones requires intact sympathetic innervation but not the presence of normal stores of the neurotransmitter.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL OXYGENATION OF VITAMIN D3 (1975)

Abstract Vitamin D3 (I) wird mit Sauerstoff oxidiert und hierbei das Abbauprodukt (II) erhalten, aus dem (III) und (IV) zugänglich sind.
Pulse-energy-controlled, high-power Nd:YAG laser welding system and its applications to joining fuel injector sub-assemblies (1996)

With the intention of application to fuel injector valve sub-assemblies joining process improvement, the effects of pulse shapes and pulse repetition rate variation on the welding quality of stainless steel test pieces have been investigated by utilizing the newly developed, pulse-energy controlled, high-power NdrYAG laser welding system M806-A. Drastic hot cracking reduction effects have been observed with tailing-post pulse added novel pulse shape. Roundness deterioration of ring sub-assembly during perimeter seam welding has been remarkably reduced by increasing pulse repetition rate up to as high as 90pps.