gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
B-Cell Responses in the Lung during Acute Pneumocystis Infection (2021)

Abstract Pneumocystis jiroveci is an opportunistic fungal organism that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia in humans with HIV-AIDS or in other immunocompromised individuals. A unique aspect of Pneumocystis is although it is associated with T cell immunodeficiency, recent evidence shows that B cells play a key role as antigen presenting cells in the lung to prime fungal T cell responses (Lund et.al, 2006; Lund et.al, 2003; and Opata et.al, 2015). Our lab has used the murine model of Pneumocystis as many mutations that predispose to Pneumocystis infections in humans replicate in this model (Elsegeiny et al. 2018). In contrast to other infections where dendritic cells are critical antigen presentation cells (APCs), it has been shown that in the context of Pneumocystis, B cells are the key APCs. Our lab has previously shown that IgM−/− mice have delayed CD4+ T cell priming as well as delayed fungal clearance. Therefore we hypothesize that germline encoded B cells react to specific Pneumocystis antigens, and that these B cells are critical to prime Pneumocystis specific CD4+ T cells. We have found that both C57BI/6 and Aicda−/− mice have anti-Pneumocystis IgM prior to infection. Moreover, we found anti-Pneumocystis antibodies in human cord blood and using proteomics we have identified that cord blood pulled down several antigens including PNEG_01454. In the murine model, we found that IgM reacts with a fungal protein involved in ascospore assembly, Meu10. Additionally, using recombinant Meu10 we found Meu10 specific IgM B cells in spleen by Elispot. Current studies are assessing if Meu10 is a T cell epitope and whether Meu10 specific B cells facilitate T cell mediated clearance of the fungus in vivo.
ChemInform Abstract: Crown Ethers with a Lewis‐Acidic Center: A New Class of Heterotypic Host Molecules. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PolyAdd: Polynomial Formal Verification of Adder Circuits (2021)

Only by formal verification approaches functional correctness can be ensured. While for many circuits fast verification is possible, in other cases the approaches fail. In general no efficient algorithms can be given, since the underlying verification problem is NP-complete. In this paper we prove that for different types of adder circuits polynomial verification can be ensured based on BDDs. While it is known that the output functions for addition are polynomially bounded, we show in the following that the entire construction process can be carried out in polynomial time. This is shown for the simple Ripple Carry Adder, but also for fast adders like the Conditional Sum Adder and the Carry Look Ahead Adder. Properties about the adder function are proven and the core principle of polynomial verification is described that can also be extended to other classes of functions and circuit realizations.
An MRI and MEG Compatible Device for the Study of Somatosensory Information Processing. (2020)

In previous publications we have reported methods for applying multi-site vibratory stimuli to the fingertips. Typically, this involves the use of multiple, individual vibrotactile stimulator and limitations of such an arrangement include difficulty with both positioning the stimuli as well as ensuring that stimuli are delivered in a synchronized and deliberate manner. The device that we reported is a significant improvement on multiple independent stimulators (Holden et al, 2011), and due to both the success of that stimulator and the consequent need to validate a number of findings that have been made with both that device and the precursor of that device (Tannan et al, 2007a), we designed and fabricated a four-site stimulator that could be used in MRI and MEG compatible environments. The device can stimulate four independent skin sites and is primarily designed for stimulating the digit tips. The device is similar to the previously reported device in that it is portable and is ergonomically suited for delivering stimuli to the finger tips, but it has the advantage of being MRI and MEG compatible. However, the fundamental mechanisms of the device are significantly different from the device that we recently reported since the device is piezo-based rather than VCA based. The device was tested in both MEG and MRI environments and demonstrated that no detectable signal (or noise) was introduced by the stimulator in those environments. To demonstrate the reliability of the device for delivering tactile stimulation in a magnetic field, tactile stimuli were presented in an MRI to a single individual. The study produced results that were consistent with prior studies that produced activation of cortical ensembles.
Neurogenic component of phorbol ester-induced mouse skin inflammation. (1989)

Tumor-promoting phorbol esters are potent inflammatory agents for mouse skin, and the potential mechanistic role of inflammation in tumor promotion is under active investigation. We have shown previously that resiniferatoxin, a uniquely irritant phorbol-related diterpene, acts as a capsaicin analogue to induce and then to block neurogenic inflammation. We report here that pretreatment of CD-1 mice with resiniferatoxin blocked the early (3 h) erythema and edema (6 h) in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), whereas the edema at later times (12-24 h) was only partially blocked. Since the efficiency of resiniferatoxin pretreatment decreased as a function of time if PMA was applied 24, 48, or 96 h after resiniferatoxin administration, the late edema response to PMA may be a combination of increasing edema of nonneurogenic origin and the recovering neurogenic response due to the decreasing desensitization. For other phorbol esters, 12-deoxyphorbol mono- and diesters, and mezerein, differing kinetics of edema and differing degrees of blockade of edema following resiniferatoxin pretreatment were observed, as expected from the discrepancies between their inflammatory and tumor-promoting activities. PMA-induced skin hyperplasia, unlike edema, was not inhibited by resiniferatoxin pretreatment, suggesting that the early component of neurogenic inflammation was not essential for hyperplasia under our conditions. Distinction between inflammatory mechanisms may help to clarify the role of inflammation in tumor promotion.
Hydrogens and hydrogen-bond networks in macromolecular MicroED data (2022)

Abstract Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) is a powerful technique utilizing electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) for protein structure determination of crystalline samples too small for X-ray crystallography. Electrons interact with the electrostatic potential of the sample, which means that scattered electrons carry informing about the charged state of atoms and can provide strong contrast for visualizing hydrogen atoms. Accurately identifying the positions of hydrogen atoms, and by extension the hydrogen bonding networks, is of importance for drug discovery and electron microscopy can enable such visualization. Using subatomic resolution MicroED data obtained from triclinic hen egg-white lysozyme, we identified hundreds of individual hydrogen atom positions and directly visualize hydrogen bonding interactions and the charged states of residues. Over a third of all hydrogen atoms are identified from strong difference peaks, the most complete view of a macromolecular hydrogen network visualized by electron diffraction to date. These results show that MicroED can provide accurate structural information on hydrogen atoms and non-covalent hydrogen bonding interactions in macromolecules. Furthermore, we find that the hydrogen bond lengths are more accurately described by the inter-nuclei distances than the centers of mass of the corresponding electron clouds. We anticipate that MicroED, coupled with ongoing advances in data collection and refinement, can open further avenues for structural biology by uncovering and understanding the hydrogen bonding interactions underlying protein structure and function.
Tweaking a BODIPY Spherical Self‐Assembly to 2D Supramolecular Polymers Facilitates Excited‐State Cascade Energy Transfer (2021)

Excited state properties such as emission, exciton transport, electron transfer, etc., are strongly dependent on the shape, size and molecular arrangement of chromophore based supramolecular architectures. Herein, we demonstrate creation and control of distinct supramolecular energy landscapes for the reversible control of the excited-state emission processes through cascade energy transfer in chromophore assemblies, facilitated by an unprecedented solvent effect. In methylcyclohexane, a tailor-made Y-shaped BODIPY derivative self-assembles to form an unusual spherical architecture of 400-1200 nm size, which exhibits a single emission at 540 nm upon 475 nm excitation through a normal excitation deactivation process. However, in n-decane, the same BODIPY derivative forms two-dimensional supramolecular sheets, exhibiting multiple emission peaks at 540, 610, 650, 725 and 790 nm with 475 nm excitation due to cascade energy transfer. Further control on the morphology and excitation energy transfer is possible with variable solvent composition and ultrasound stimulation, resulting in enhanced near-infrared emission with an overall pseudo Stokes shift of 7105 cm<sup>-1</sup> .
Randomized Phase II Trial of Chemoradiotherapy Plus Induction or Consolidation Chemotherapy as Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: CAO/ARO/AIO-12 (2019)

Up-front CRT followed by chemotherapy resulted in better compliance with CRT but worse compliance with chemotherapy compared with group A. Long-term follow-up will assess whether improved pCR in group B translates to better oncologic outcome.
A data processing architecture for realtime decoding of extremely long LDPC codes (2016)

Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes belong to a class of linear block codes that can approach the Shannon limit. However, due to the high decoding complexity, LDPC codes with extremely long block lengths will result in large decoding latency in practical applications. Recently, Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RANs) have attracted much attention because of their innovative architecture, which involves embedding cloud computing capability into wireless networks. In this context, C-RANs provide an ideal platform for breaking the decoding bottleneck of LDPC codes with extremely long block lengths. However, given that there are currently as yet no specific cloud computing techniques proposed for C-RAN, the data processing architecture for LDPC decoding is still an open problem. In this paper, based on the Spark cloud computing platform, a data processing architecture is proposed for realtime decoding of extremely long LDPC codes. Based on the principle behind the belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm, a novel distributed BP decoding algorithm is proposed and implemented on a Spark based cloud computing platform. Extensive experimentation illustrates that the proposed architecture enjoys a significant performance gain in decoding latency. Therefore, this work can be seen as a promising example of applying powerful cloud computing techniques to enhance the performance of wireless networks.
Phase II randomised discontinuation trial of cabozantinib in patients with advanced solid tumours (2017)

NCT00940225.
Health Information System Role-Based Access Control Current Security Trends and Challenges (2018)

Several publishing proposed RBAC adaptations and enhancements in order to cope current HIS use characteristics. Most of the existent RBAC studies are not related to health informatics industry though. There is no clear indication of RBAC obsolescence for HIS use.
Accurate Wellbore Placement Using a Novel Extra Deep Resistivity Service (2005)

Abstract The Grane field causes significant challenges with respect to reservoir drainage and wellbore placement. The true resistivity profiles from offset wells are reflecting an irregular oil water transition zone in the field, likely to be caused by subtle facies variations and/or local variations in the oil water contact(OWC). In addition, horizontal wells penetrated many shales. Baker Hughes INTEQ has in collaboration with Hydro developed an extra deep resistivity service called DeepTrak™ to navigate at a distance of up to 12 meters from a resistivity contrast boundary. This service has been used in several wells. The tools as well as the surface software components provided full service capability and were used successfully to geosteer along the OWC at the required distance. In addition, the DeepTrak service was capable of detecting shale injectites, thus giving valuable insight for reservoir characterization and geological model update. By use of field data, it is demonstrated how the DeepTrak service can be used for accurate wellbore placement.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Acylated Derivatives of Hederagenin as Inhibitors of HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A Proteases (2022)

Viral infection imposes a major threat to human health. To develop new potent antiviral agents, Hederagenin (HE), a known inhibitor of HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A proteases, was used as a starting material to synthesize 4 types of HE derivatives, HE-3,23-diacyl, HES-3,23-diacyl, HES-3-acyl, and HES-3-oxo-23-acyl. We evaluated the in vitro inhibitory activities of the derivatives against HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A proteases. (3 β,23)-Di- O-diglutaryl-hederagenin (1b) and (3 β,23)-di- O-(3′,3′-dimethylsuccinyl-hederagenin ethyl ester (2b) exhibited potent inhibitory activities against the HIV-1 and/or HCV NS3/4A proteases with IC 50 values &lt; 10 μM, but did not appreciably inhibit general human proteases renin and trypsin. The SARs showed that dicarboxylic acid hemiesters of HE significantly enhance the antiviral activities when C3 or C23 are linked with 6 carbon acyl chains.
Repulsive Synchronization in an Array of Phase Oscillators (2005)

We study the dynamics of a repulsively coupled array of phase oscillators. For an array of globally coupled identical oscillators, repulsive coupling results in a family of synchronized regimes characterized by zero mean field. If the number of oscillators is sufficiently large, phase locking among oscillators is destroyed, independently of the coupling strength, when the oscillators' natural frequencies are not the same. In locally coupled networks, however, phase locking occurs even for nonidentical oscillators when the coupling strength is sufficiently strong.
Intermonitor Variability of the RT3 Accelerometer during Typical Physical Activities (2004)

Reliability of the RT3 is good; however, intermonitor variability exists. The vertical axis of the RT3 accelerometer showed the least variability and was the most reliable. It is recommended that intermonitor variability and reliability of RT3 on each axis be assessed before use.
Should Minimally Invasive Modalities be Routinely/Uniformly Utilized for Assessment of Resectability prior to Attempted Primary Debulking in Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer? (2023)

Ovarian cancer consistently remains the most lethal gynecologic malignancy because it is predominantly found at an advanced stage. Often, despite efforts to ascertain the potential for successful surgical resection based on imaging, clinical symptomatology, and serum CA-125, it is frequently not determined until the time of surgery with widespread metastasis throughout the peritoneal cavity that was not seen on standard axial imaging. Secondary to the possibility of this “ineffective” or “unnecessary” laparotomy only to discover unresectable cancer, the implementation of diagnostic laparoscopy to determine the extent of the disease and the ability to perform a complete cytoreductive surgery has been adapted by some surgeons. Though data is varied as to the effectiveness of laparoscopy to determine the resectability of advanced ovarian cancer, it adds another layer of diagnostic information through a minimally invasive modality and ultimately prevents patients who are deemed unresectable from going through an invasive, painful procedure that often requires at least a single-day postoperative hospitalization and could delay the initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy if there are postoperative complications.
Genistein in Sanfilippo disease: A randomized controlled crossover trial (2011)

Genistein at 10mg/kg/day effectively reduces urinary excretion of GAGs and plasma HS concentration in patients with MPS III. However, the absolute reduction in GAGs and in HS is small and values after 12 months of treatment remain within the range as observed in untreated patients. No clinical efficacy was detected. Substantially higher doses of genistein might be more effective as suggested by recent studies in animal models.
Amine Oxides. III. Selective Formation of Olefins from Unsymmetrical Amine Oxides and Quaternary Ammonium Hydroxides1 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmine Oxides. III. Selective Formation of Olefins from Unsymmetrical Amine Oxides and Quaternary Ammonium Hydroxides1Arthur C. Cope, Norman A. LeBel, Hiok-Huang Lee, and William R. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 17, 4720–4729Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01574a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01574a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views758Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tungstophosphoric Acid-catalyzed Oxidative Desulfurization of Light Oil with Hydrogen Peroxide in a Light Oil/Acetic Acid Biphasic System (2003)

Abstract Dibenzothiophenes were oxidized effectively with H2O2 in the presence of 12-tungstophosphoric acid in the tetradecane/AcOH biphasic system to give their corresponding sulfones as the major products. The oxidation proceeded in the AcOH phase and most of the sulfones distributed there, resulting in the successive removal of the sulfur compounds from the tetradecane phase. This biphasic oxidation system can effectively reduce the sulfur content in light oil.
Proximal Near-Infrared Spectral Reflectance Characterisation of Weeds Species in New Zealand Pasture (2019)

Recent extensive study was performed on Jacobaea vulgaris that characterized the plant leaves using hyperspectral reflectance against the successional stage of vegetation. It reported a high similarity of the leaf spectral reflectance measurement over the plant's different stages of growth. This paper extends the earlier study by characterizing the proximal spectral reflectance measurements of three species of common New Zealand pasture weeds: (a) Jacobaea Vulgaris; (b) Rubus; and (c) Ulex growing in three different common soil pastures, specifically: (i) Typic Orthic Gley; (ii) Typic Orthic Granular; (iii) Typic Orthic Brown. The research goes on to determine the inter- and intra-species proximal spectral reflectance variation of the studied common weeds. Finally, it examines the suitability and extent of accuracy of different statistical analysis methods when applied on proximal spectral reflectance measurement to identify the three common species of weeds growing on New Zealand pastures.
Cobalt: B 12 Enzymes & Coenzymes (2005)

Abstract The most prominent biological role associated with cobalt concerns vitamin B 12 , its natural variants, and its coenzyme forms. The B 12 ‐derivatives are cobalt complexes of the unique and remarkably complex corrin ligand that belong to the larger class of the tetrapyrrolic natural compounds. The ‘antipernicious anemia factor’ vitamin B 12 and its cofactor forms are, first of all, required for human and animal health. However, except for the higher plants, all forms of life appear to depend upon the natural variants of vitamin B 12 . The main chemical reactivities of the corrinoids (needed to fulfill their essential biological roles) may reflect their possible corresponding chemical contributions to the development of the early stages of life on earth. Indeed, the corrinoids play a particularly basic role in carbon metabolism in microorganisms, which also are the only natural sources of the B 12 ‐derivatives. Microorganisms have developed extraordinary means for the biosynthesis, and for the regulation of the biosynthesis of the B 12 ‐derivatives, in order to cope with the structural and functional complexity of these tetrapyrrolic cobalt‐compounds, while most (other) forms of life have evolved intricate strategies for the economic and efficient uptake and transport of the corrinoids. The known cofactor functions of the cobalt‐corrinoids are due to their extraordinary organometallic chemistry and their redox chemistry under physiological conditions: Coenzyme B 12 , methylcorrinoids, and reduced corrinoids are the cofactors in various important and unique organometallic enzymes, whose intricate structural and mechanistic properties are the current focus of strong and broad research activities. The essential role of the corrinoids in the remarkable organometallic paths of carbon fixation and further carbon metabolism in anaerobic microorganisms has attracted particular attention. Vitamin B 12 and its derivatives thus hold an important position in all of the life sciences and are at the center of particular interdisciplinary interest from such diverse areas as medicine, biology, chemistry, and physics.
Clinical features and novel technologies for prehospital detection of intracerebral haemorrhage: a scoping review protocol (2023)

Ethical approval is not required for this review, as it will only include published literature. The results will be published in an open-access, peer-reviewed journal, presented at scientific conferences and form part of a PhD thesis. We expect the findings to contribute to future research into the early detection of ICH in suspected stroke patients.
Impedance spectroscopy as a non-invasive analytical method for monitoring solar cell degradation (1999)

Stationary impedance spectroscopic investigations in the dark have been used to monitor the degradation of silicon photovoltaic cells in long-term exposure-testing experiments. For approximately six months, a number of silicon cells were exposed to environmental stress factors such as elevated temperatures and UV light while the stationary current and impedance spectra (1 Hz to 100 kHz) were recorded under reverse and forward bias. The careful analysis of the current and impedance data according to an appropriate model reveals slight changes in the electrical characteristics of the cells. These alterations are attributed to changes in the trap density at the n+/p junction.