gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estrogen Receptor Inhibits Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Regulatory Function (2014)

The steroid hormone aldosterone (aldo) contributes to cardiovascular disease in animal models and in humans. Aldo activates the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a hormone-activated transcription factor, and indeed, pharmacological MR inhibition improves cardiovascular outcomes. Because the incidence of cardiovascular disease is lower in premenopausal women, we hypothesized that estrogen (E2) signaling through the estrogen receptor (ER) may protect the vasculature by inhibiting the detrimental effects of aldo signaling through the MR. We demonstrate that E2-activated ER inhibits MR-mediated gene transcription from the mouse mammary tumor virus reporter in human embryonic kidney-293 cells. In contrast, aldo-activated MR does not affect ER-mediated gene transcription. The ERα N terminus (amino acids 1-253) containing part of the DNA-binding domain is sufficient to inhibit MR genomic function, although point mutations reveal that DNA binding, ligand-independent activation, and rapid nongenomic ERα signaling are not required for this effect. Furthermore, ERα and MR are part of a complex in cell lysates, with amino acids 1-233 of the ERα N terminus being sufficient to complex with the MR. Overall, the ability of ERα to inhibit MR-mediated gene transcription correlates with the ability of ERα segments to both localize to the nucleus and complex with the MR. In cultured vascular endothelial cells expressing ERα, E2 inhibits aldo induction of the vascular MR target gene intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). ICAM-1 induction by endothelial MR is known to promote vascular inflammation that could contribute to the mechanism of aldo-induced atherosclerosis. E2 also inhibits aldo induction of ICAM-1 protein and prevents aldo-enhanced leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. These studies support a new model in which E2-activated ER in endothelial cells forms a complex with MR in the nucleus to modulate MR regulation of the proinflammatory gene ICAM-1. Estrogen inhibition of MR regulation of genes that contribute to cardiovascular disease may be a new mechanism by which premenopausal women are protected from cardiovascular disease.
Construction of Protease-deficientCandida boidiniiStrains Useful for Recombinant Protein Production: Cloning and Disruption of Proteinase A Gene (PEP4) and Proteinase B Gene… (2002)

The yeast Candida boidinii PEP4 and PRB1 genes, encoding proteinase A (PrA) and proteinase B (PrB), respectively, have been cloned and their primary structures were analyzed. The open reading frames of the PEP4 gene (1263 bp encoding a protein of 420 amino acids) and the PRBI gene (1683 bp encoding a protein of 560 amino acids) were found. The deduced amino acid sequences of PrA and PrB are very similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae PrA and PrB (64% and 61% identities, respectively). Both PEP4 and PRBI genes were disrupted in the C. boidinii genome by one-step gene disruption. The resultant pep4delta and the pep4delta prb1delta strains lost protease activity when compared with the wild-type original strain. The constructed C. boidinii strains are expected to be useful hosts for heterologous protein production.
NOVEL ENERGY HARVESTING ANTENNA DESIGN USING A PARASITIC RADIATOR (2013)

A novel energy harvesting antenna for various wireless transceivers is proposed. This antenna is composed of two parts, the main and the parasitic radiator. The main radiator has the same role as a general element antenna, i.e., to transmit and receive the RF signal. The parasitic radiator is used to gather the RF power from the main radiators, which mostly do not contribute the main radiator's electrical performance. Thus, we can generate DC power using the dissipated RF energy that is radiated from the main radiator. The main radiator is designed as a printed dipole and the parasitic radiator has a twoturn loop structure fabricated on a substrate. The main radiator is vertically placed on the ground and inserted in the rectangular slit of the substrate of the parasitic radiator. The height of the parasitic radiator can be controlled by two supporters. In the design process, we analyzed how the antenna performance changed when adjusting the height of the parasitic radiator and thus determined its optimal height.
2-Methylsulfonyl-3-phenyl-1-prop-2-enyl Chloroformate (2003)

[252668-49-8] C11H11ClO4S (MW 274.72) InChI = 1S/C11H11ClO4S/c1-17(14,15)10(8-16-11(12)13)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-7H,8H2,1H3 InChIKey = OAPIEQWHMLVMLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reagent used for the introduction of a protecting group for amines) Alternate Name: Mspoc-Cl. Physical Data: mp 118–120 °C, colorless crystals.1 Solubility: soluble in CH2Cl2 and CHCl3; insoluble in hexanes. Purification: recrystallized from CH2Cl2/hexanes. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR, IR, elemental analysis.1 Preparative Methods: the title reagent is prepared by the reaction of 2-(methylsulfonyl)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl alcohol and phosgene (eq 1).1 The alcohol is obtained from the corresponding allylic bromide2 by formate-catalyzed hydrolysis.3 The synthesis of the bromide involves the Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed addition of methanesulfonyl chloride to β-methylstyrene followed by elimination of hydrogen chloride and subsequent free radical bromination of the methyl group (eq 1).2 (1) Handling, Storage, and Precautions: relatively stable reagent, but moisture sensitive and best when freshly recrystallized before use. Used in a well-ventilated fume hood.
Activity of N-methyl-.alpha.- and -.beta.-funaltrexamine at opioid receptors (1986)

The N-methyl analogues (2a, 2b) of the nonequilibrium mu opioid receptor antagonist beta-funaltrexamine (1b) were synthesized and evaluated in the guinea pig ileum preparation (GPI). These analogues are highly potent, reversible opioid agonists and possess no nonequilibrium antagonist activity. The ineffectiveness of 2b in protecting against irreversible blockage of mu opioid receptors by 1b and the fivefold lower reactivity of 2b with cysteine suggest that N-methyl substitution adversely affects both the first and second recognition steps that are essential for effective covalent blockage of opioid receptors.
Automatic extraction of drum tracks from polyphonic music signals (2003)

We propose an approach for extracting automatically time indexes of occurrences of percussive sounds in an audio signal taken from the popular music repertoire. The scheme is able to detect percussive sounds unknown a priori in a selective fashion. It is based on an analysis by synthesis technique, whereby the sound searched for is gradually synthesized from the signal itself. The possibility to extract different types of percussive sounds and their occurrences in the audio signal makes it possible to build a drum track representing the essential rhythmic component of a music piece. We present a systematic evaluation of the performance of our algorithm on a database of popular music titles. The system performs well on most of the cases (over 75%). We analyze the reasons for failure on the remaining cases, and propose solutions for yet improving the algorithm. The extracted percussive sounds and drum track serves as a basis for search by rhythmic similarity in the context of the European project Cuidado.
Towards Reliable Online Clickbait Video Detection: A Content-Agnostic Approach (2019)

Online video sharing platforms (e.g., YouTube, Vimeo) have become an increasingly popular paradigm for people to consume video contents. Clickbait video, whose content clearly deviates from its title/thumbnail, has emerged as a critical problem on online video sharing platforms. Current clickbait detection solutions that mainly focus on analyzing the text of the title, the image of the thumbnail, or the content of the video are shown to be suboptimal in detecting the online clickbait videos. In this paper, we develop a novel content-agnostic scheme, Online Video Clickbait Protector (OVCP), to effectively detect clickbait videos by exploring the comments from the audience who watched the video. Different from existing solutions, OVCP does not directly analyze the content of the video and its pre-click information (e.g., title and thumbnail). Therefore, it is robust against sophisticated content creators who often generate clickbait videos that can bypass the current clickbait detectors. We evaluate OVCP with a real-world dataset collected from YouTube. Experimental results demonstrate that OVCP is effective in identifying clickbait videos and significantly outperforms both state-of-the-art baseline models and human annotators.
Fluorescence lifetime shifts of NAD(P)H during apoptosis measured by time‐resolved flow cytometry (2018)

Autofluorescence from the intracellular metabolite, NAD(P)H, is a biomarker that is widely used and known to reliably screen and report metabolic activity as well as metabolic fluctuations within cells. As a ubiquitous endogenous fluorophore, NAD(P)H has a unique rate of fluorescence decay that is altered when bound to coenzymes. In this work we measure the shift in the fluorescence decay, or average fluorescence lifetime (1-3 ns), of NAD(P)H and correlate this shift to changes in metabolism that cells undergo during apoptosis. Our measurements are made with a flow cytometer designed specifically for fluorescence lifetime acquisition within the ultraviolet to violet spectrum. Our methods involved culture, treatment, and preparation of cells for cytometry and microscopy measurements. The evaluation we performed included observations and quantification of the changes in endogenous emission owing to the induction of apoptosis as well as changes in the decay kinetics of the emission measured by flow cytometry. Shifts in NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime were observed as early as 15 min post-treatment with an apoptosis inducing agent. Results also include a phasor analysis to evaluate free to bound ratios of NAD(P)H at different time points. We defined the free to bound ratios as the ratio of 'short-to-long' (S/L) fluorescence lifetime, where S/L was found to consistently decrease with an increase in apoptosis. With a quantitative framework such as phasor analysis, the short and long lifetime components of NAD(P)H can be used to map the cycling of free and bound NAD(P)H during the early-to-late stages of apoptosis. The combination of lifetime screening and phasor analyses provides the first step in high throughput metabolic profiling of single cells and can be leveraged for screening and sorting for a range of applications in biomedicine. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Study of Coalescence-Induced Jumping Droplets on Biphilic Nanostructured Surfaces for Thermal Diodes in Thermal Energy Storage Systems (2020)

Abstract Thermal energy can be better harvested and stored by integrating thermal diodes with thermal energy storage systems. Among different types of thermal diodes, jumping-droplet thermal diodes exploiting superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces yield greater thermal rectification performance (i.e. diodicity) due to high latent heat. However, the condensation heat transfer and coalescing-jumping droplets are restricted by the ability of water to nucleate on the superhydrophobic surface, leading to a limited maximum jumping height, finally resulting in degradation of diodicity of the thermal diode. To solve this problem, we propose coating hydrophilic bumps on the superhydrophobic surface which can provide preferable nucleation sites, forming a new type of nanostructured surface, called biphilic surface. This work aims to investigate coalescence-induced jumping droplets on biphilic surfaces to enhance diodicity of phase change thermal diodes. Our experimental results show that the jumping height and jumping volumetric flux of the coalescence-induced jumping droplets on a biphilic surface are enhanced by 42% and 254% compared to those on a superhydrophobic surface, respectively. Based on the jumping droplet results, a mathematical model for diodicity is built. 244% improvement can be achieved in the thermal diode with an optimized biphilic surface as compared to that with a superhydrophobic surface, which provides an effective strategy to improve the diodicity of a phase change thermal diode and an alternative approach to enhance the energy harvesting and storage capability in thermal energy storage systems.
A theoretical study of acoustic S-wave and P-wave velocity logging with conventional and dipole sources in soft formations (1988)

Abstract This paper is focused on the special features of the wavetrains recorded by conventional and dipole sonic logging tools in soft formations defined to be those whose shear velocity is less than the sound velocity of drilling mud. Such formations are common in the Gulf Coast, the Canadian Arctic, the Bass Strait of Australia, and many other regions.A conventional logging tool operating at normal frequencies (f approximately 15 kHz) records P waves, water waves, and Stoneley waves in soft formations. A dipole tool records modal waves and water waves at frequencies of order 15 kHz, but produces almost pure S-wave first arrivals at low frequencies (f approximately 1 kHz), since at 1 kHz, a mode which we refer to as a 'dipole Stoneley wave' is efficiently excited.For very soft materials such as clays, where the formation P-wave velocity can be less than the fluid velocity, the formation P velocity can be logged by operating a conventional sonic tool at low frequencies (f approximately 1 kHz) so as to excite a leaky mode traveling at very close to the formation P-wave velocity.Water waves are not important for high-velocity formations where they arrive at the trailing edge of the modal part of the wavetrain. However, in soft formations they form a prominent part of the wavetrain at normal logging frequencies (f approximately 15 kHz) and disappear at low frequencies (f approximately 1 kHz). Water waves are carried by leaky modes.
New approaches for measurement of platelet reactivity (2012)

In a highly interesting, intricate, and novel paper in this issue of Blood, Fung and colleagues have extended their previous pioneering studies and now reveal that molecules such as ATP can promote platelet activation through the P2X1 receptor.
Metamorphic In/sub x/Al/sub 1-x/As/In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As HEMTs on GaAs substrate: the influence of In composition (2002)

State of the art metamorphic In/sub x/Al/sub 1-x/As/In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/ 0.1 /spl mu/m gate HEMTs with different Indium compositions x=0.33, 0.4 and 0.5 have been realized and characterized. A cutoff frequency f/sub T/=195 GHz is obtained for an indium content x=0.4, which is close to the value obtained with LM-HEMT on InP realized with the same technological process.
p53-Induced Apoptosis and Inhibitors of p53 (2009)

Protein p53 is a key player in mitochondrial mediated apoptotic cell death and excess p53 activity has been implicated in many disease states such athrosclerosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, AIDS, P. falciparum and S. typhimurium infections. Thus, chemical inhibitors of p53 activation might prove effective in suppressing diseases associated with excess p53 activity. Diverse chemical compounds are being synthesized and evaluated as potent inhibitors of p53 in many cell types. In this review, we have focused on the effects of apoptosis, which is involved in p53 protein and inhibition of p53 induced apoptosis. Peculiar features of p53 protein and its roles in various diseases are summarized along with important inhibitors developed in recent years.
NAD and ADP‐ribose metabolism in mitochondria (2013)

Mitochondrial metabolism is intimately connected to the universal coenzyme NAD. In addition to its role in redox reactions of energy transduction, NAD serves as substrate in regulatory reactions that lead to its degradation. Importantly, all types of the known NAD-consuming signalling reactions have been reported to take place in mitochondria. These reactions include the generation of second messengers, as well as post-translational protein modifications such as ADP-ribosylation and protein deacetylation. Therefore, the availability and redox state of NAD emerged as important factors in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Molecular mechanisms and targets of mitochondrial NAD-dependent protein deacetylation and mono-ADP-ribosylation have been established, whereas poly-ADP-ribosylation and NAD-derived messenger generation in the organelles await in-depth characterization. In this review, we highlight the major NAD-dependent reactions occurring within mitochondria and describe their metabolic and regulatory functions. We also discuss the metabolic fates of the NAD-degradation products, nicotinamide and ADP-ribose, and how the mitochondrial NAD pool is restored.
Functional characterization of a serine-threonine protein kinase from Bambusa balcooathat implicates in cellulose overproduction and superior quality fiber formation (2013)

This finding clearly demonstrated that BbKst gene (GenBank ID JQ432560) encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase. BbKst induced higher cellulose deposition/synthesis in transgenic tobacco plants, an important attribute of fiber quality bestowing additional strength to the plant.
Development of an On-Tissue Derivatization Method for MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Bioactive Lipids Containing Phosphate Monoester Using Phos-tag (2021)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is an emerging label-free method for mapping the distribution of diverse molecular species in tissue sections. Despite recent progress in MALDI-MSI analyses of lipids, it is still difficult to visualize minor bioactive lipids including lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Here, we have developed a novel on-tissue derivatization method using Phos-tag, a zinc complex that specifically binds to a phosphate monoester group. MALDI-MSI with Phos-tag derivatization made it possible to image LPA and S1P in the murine brain. Furthermore, we were able to visualize other low-abundance lipids containing phosphate monoester, such as phosphatidic acid and ceramide-1-phosphate. Compared with conventional MALDI-MS, this derivatization produced LPA images with high spatial accuracy discriminating LPA artificially produced during MALDI-MS analysis. In mice with deficiencies in enzymes that degrade LPA and S1P, we observed marked S1P and/or LPA accumulation in specific regions of the brain. Thus, the present study provides a simple and optimal way to reveal the spatial localization of potent bioactive lipid phosphates such as LPA and S1P in tissues.
Effectiveness of Time-Reversal technique for UWB wireless communications in standard indoor environments (2010)

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WiCard: A context aware wearable wireless sensor for cardiac monitoring (2013)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death in rural India. Every year more than 3 million Indian citizens die from CVD [1]. The proposed Wearable Wireless Cardiac Monitoring (WiCard) system, aims to bring home state-of-the-art health care for people living in rural Indian villages, where thousands of death occur each year due to lack of experts and facilities. The architecture involves remote monitoring of the ECG by specialized health professionals via a heterogeneous wireless network. This paper discusses the development of a six lead custom hardware for transmitting data to a Smartphone or a compatible device via a Bluetooth. The data received by the mobile devices will be further processed and transmitted to a central repository located in a specialized hospital. The main disadvantage of wearable cardiac monitoring system is the introduction of Motion Induced Artifacts (MIA), which could mimic a cardiac event. A context aware architecture is proposed here to relate physical activity and physiological signals of the user, with the help of accelerometer sensors. The portion of ECG where the MIA has detected will be tagged and sent to the central repository. Classifications of physical movements are done using statistics based classifiers, which are computationally low cost. The results show that the developed algorithm is capable of classifying the user activity with an accuracy of 94%. The developed hardware achieved a power reduction of 10 %.
ImageNet pre-trained models with batch normalization (2016)

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) pre-trained on ImageNet are the backbone of most state-of-the-art approaches. In this paper, we present a new set of pre-trained models with popular state-of-the-art architectures for the Caffe framework. The first release includes Residual Networks (ResNets) with generation script as well as the batch-normalization-variants of AlexNet and VGG19. All models outperform previous models with the same architecture. The models and training code are available at http://www.inf-cv.uni-jena.de/Research/CNN+Models.html and https://github.com/cvjena/cnn-models
Coclaurine and Related Compounds. II : Syntheses of 7-Benzyloxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl isoquinoline and 7-Benzyloxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-isoquinoline Studies on the Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds. CLXXXV (1967)

Fusion-condensation of 4-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenethylamine (III) and 4-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (IV) gives the amide (V) and its mesylation with methanesulfonyl chloride in pyridine afforded N-(4-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenethyl)-2-(p-methylsulfonyloxyphenyl) acetamide (VI), which agreed in its properties with the amide compound reported in the preceding paper. The Bischler-Napieralski reaction of VI gave 3, 4-dihydroisoquinoline compound (VII), reduction of its methiodide with sodium borohydride, and demesylation of its product finally gave the objective 7-benzyloxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-6-methoxy-2-methylisoquinoline (I) as colorless needles, m.p. 139.5∼141°. On the other hand, the amide compound (XII) was prepared by the Schotten-Baumann reaction of the amine (III) and the acid chloride (XI) and derived through the route shown in Chart 2 to 7-benzyloxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-2-methylisoquinoline (II) as colorless plates, m.p. 166-167°. The melting points of the compounds (VII, VIII, IX, and XI) given in the preceding paper were erroneously given the melting points of XII, XIII, XV, and II in Chart 2, and the values are corrected herein.
Using Microseismic to Estimate Stimulation Efficiency, Application and Drawbacks (2014)

Microseismic has become a standard monitoring tool for estimating hydraulic fracturing effectiveness. Because microseismic events are signatures of rock failures during or after stimulation, the event locations are sometimes used to determine the stimulated rock volume (SRV). However, the linkage between events and relevant flow properties within the reservoir engineer's stimulated reservoir volume requires the use of a physically meaningful and quantitatively scaled parameter. The lack of such a direct connection may be one reason why discrepancies are often observed between the effective production volume and microseismic-calculated SRV. In this study, an improved workflow for microseismic SRV characterization is presented using data from a case study in a Devonian shale gas reservoir. The workflow honors the event's spatial distribution, corrects for detection range bias and provides a measure of stimulation effectiveness within the SRV. Furthermore, the uncertainties inherent in the processed microseismic event dataset from the relatively low number of detected events and limited magnitude range are investigated and the consequences and drawbacks in using microseismic to characterize the underlying fracture network of the stimulated reservoir is presented.