gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Myocardial revascularization in correction of electrical instability of the heart in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis]. (2011)

We have assessed parameters of myocardial electrical instability in patients with postinfarction atherosclerosis before and in one year after coronary bypass surgery. Inclusion criteria were history of myocardial infarction, surgical myocardial revascularization between 1 and 2 years before; stable course of coronary heart disease during previous month; preserved ejection fraction ( more or equal 50%), stable sinus rhythm. Heterogeneity of myocardial electrophysiological properties has diminished after coronary bypass surgery due to improvement of coronary perfusion and restoration of function of ischemic myocardium. This have been associated with positive dynamics of interval QT dispersion, parameters of turbulence and variability of cardiac rhythm, reduction of the rate of registration of ventricular late potentials.
Scattering by an Array of Cylinders of Small Surface Impedance (1966)

Plane waves are considered to impinge at normal incidence half-space containing a random array of cylinders whose axes are parallel to the wavefronts and to each other. The relevant multiple-scattering theory has been given by Twersky [N. Y. Univ. Rept. EM-59 (1953)]. The average attenuation per unit distance within the array is calculated for various sizes of scatterers, radius 0.1–10 cm, and surface impedances R/ρc=0, −2&amp;lt;X/ρc&amp;lt;2. It is found that attenuation is directly proportional to cylinder radius. In a relief map of attenuation versus X/ρc and ka (k being the wavenumber), the attenuation becomes infinite at the origin but is otherwise zero when ka=0. When X/ρc is a stiffness reactance, the function is a series of ridges radiating from the vicinity of the origin—these ridges are sharp and high close to the origin, becoming broader and lower further away; each ridge is curved, being convex to the ka axis. For any given value of X/ρc, the greatest attenuation is found at frequencies near to the value given by ka=X/ρc. When X/ρc is a mass reactance, no interesting features arise and the surface is a gently sloping plateau.
Theoretical Study of the Full Reaction Mechanism of Human Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase (2006)

The complete reaction mechanism of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been investigated by using the B3LYP density functional theory method. Epoxide hydrolases catalyze the conversion of epoxides to their corresponding vicinal diols. In our theoretical study, the sEH active site is represented by quantum-chemical models that are based on the X-ray crystal structure of human soluble epoxide hydrolase. The trans-substituted epoxide (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide has been used as a substrate in the theoretical investigation of the sEH reaction mechanism. Both the alkylation and the hydrolytic half-reactions have been studied in detail. We present the energetics of the reaction mechanism as well as the optimized intermediates and transition-state structures. Full potential energy curves for the reactions involving nucleophilic attack at either the benzylic or the homo-benzylic carbon atom of (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide have been computed. The regioselectivity of epoxide opening has been addressed for the two substrates (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide and (S)-styrene oxide.
Ideal near-field thermophotovoltaic cells (2015)

We ask the question, what are the ideal characteristics of a near-field thermophotovoltaic cell? Our search leads us to a reformulation of near-field radiative heat transfer in terms of the joint density of electronic states of the emitter-absorber pair in the thermophotovoltaic system. This form reveals that semiconducting materials with narrowband absorption spectra are critical to the energy-conversion efficiency. This essential feature is unavailable in conventional bulk semiconductor cells but can be obtained using low-dimensional materials. Our results show that the presence of matched van Hove singularities resulting from quantum confinement in the emitter and absorber of a thermophotovoltaic cell boosts both the magnitude and spectral selectivity of radiative heat transfer, dramatically improving energy-conversion efficiency. We provide a model near-field thermophotovoltaic system design making use of this idea by employing the van Hove singularities present in carbon nanotubes. Shockley-Queisser analysis shows that the predicted heat transfer characteristics of this model device are fundamentally better than existing thermophotovoltaic designs. Our work paves the way for the use of quantum dots, quantum wells, two-dimensional semiconductors, semiconductor nanowires, and carbon nanotubes as future materials for thermophotovoltaic cells.
Experimentally induced Brucella abortus infection in pregnant goats (1986)

SUMMARY Pregnant goats in midgestation (7 to 16 weeks) were conjunctivally exposed to Brucella abortus strain 2308 to evaluate their applicability as an animal model for bovine brucellosis. Brucellae were isolated from uterine fluid and/or placental specimens of 10 of 12 does at parturition. Six of the 10 infected does delivered dead fetuses and 1 of the 10 delivered live, premature twins. Dead fetuses typically contained brucellae in multiple tissues, whereas brucellae generally were not isolated at birth from live kids. After parturition, B abortus was excreted in the milk and uterine fluids of the infected does. At necropsy (6 weeks after parturition), organisms in the doe were primarily in the uterus and in the lymph nodes that drained the mammary glands, uterus, and head. Brucella abortus was most often isolated from the cranial lymph nodes of neonates that had remained with their dam for 6 weeks after parturition. Serum anti- Brucella antibody concentrations were determined by use of standard tube agglutination, mercaptoethanol agglutination, Rivanol plate tests, card tests, complement fixation, hemolysis-in-gel tests, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serologic responses were detected 2 to 3 weeks after exposure and remained detectable until parturition. Antibody titers increased after parturition in does shedding B abortus at parturition. Anti- Brucella antibody was not detected in neonates before colostrum intake. The neonate’s postcolostral titers were similar to those in the dam at the time of parturition. Milk anti- Brucella antibody was detected in milk (milk ring test) from infected and noninfected mammary glands. Results of the study indicated that goats are susceptible to a bovine pathogenic strain of B abortus and should be a suitable animal model for the study of bovine brucellosis.
Satisfying quality requirements in the design of a partition‐based, distributed stock trading system (2011)

SUMMARY Although quality requirements (QRs) have become a major drive in today's software development, there have been very few real‐world examples in the literature that demonstrate how to meet these requirements. This paper presents such an example. Specifically, the paper describes the design of a partition‐based distributed stock trading service system that satisfies a set of QRs related to resource utilization, performance, scalability and availability. The paper evaluates this design through detailed experiments and discusses some design alternatives and the lessons learned. Central to this design are a static load distribution strategy and a dynamic load balancing strategy. The first strategy is to achieve an initial balanced workload on the system's server cluster during the system initialization time, whereas the second strategy is to maintain this balanced workload throughout the system execution time. Together, these two strategies work in unison to ensure that the server resources are efficiently utilized; the user requests are processed with the required speed; the application is partitioned with sufficient room to scale; and the system is highly available. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Kielcorin. (1987)

Abstract In a first process, the model compound (IVa) is synthesized as shown in the scheme.
Social persona preference analysis on social networks (2015)

In the age of information network explosion, users can be connected to various forms of social networking sites whenever and wherever through the Internet, And through the social networking platform to interact with people. Through the media in this way, people know each other's interests and preferences by the relationship between social friends, but for many international companies, it is important to know how to understand individual preferences, because when you know the individual preference information, it can carry out personal preference for advertising, product recommendation, article recommended and other diversified personal social service, which can increase the click rate and exposure of the products, better close to the needs of the user's life. Therefore, with the above through social science and technology development trend arising from current social phenomenon, research of this thesis, mainly expectations for analysis by the information of interaction between people on the social network, such as: user clicked fan page, user's graffiti wall message information, friend clicked fan page etc. three kinds of personal information for personal preference analysis, and from this huge amount of personal data to find out corresponding diverse group for personal preference category. We can by personal preference information for diversify personal advertising, product recommendation and other services. The thesis at last through the actual business verification, the research can improve website browsing pages growth 11%, time on site growth 15%, site bounce rate dropped 13.8%, product click through rate growth 43%, more fully represents the results of this research fit the use's preference.
Spectral transformations for digital filters (1970)

The paper describes certain general transformations for digital filters in the frequency domain. The term digital filter is used to denote a processing unit operating on a sampled waveform, so that the input, output and intermediate signals are only defined at discrete intervals of time; the signals may be either p.a.m. or p.c.m. The transformations discussed operate on a lowpass-digital-filter prototype to give either another lowpass or a highpass, bandpass or band-elimination characteristic. The transformations are carried out by mapping the lowpass complex variable Z−1 [where Z−1 = exp ( −jωT) and T is the time interval between samples] by functions of the form ejθπni=1z−1−αi/1−α*iz−1known as unit functions.
For the Next Trick: New Discoveries in Radiobiology Applied to Glioblastoma (2014)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. Radiotherapy post surgical resection remained the mainstay of the management of GBM for decades until the addition of temozolomide was shown to prolong the median overall survival (OS) by 2.5 months to 14.6 months in 2005. Infiltrative growth to surrounding normal brain tissue and cooption of vascular niches, peripheral microvasuclar hyperplasia, and central hypoxic regions with pseudopalisading necrosis are characteristics of GBM and are causally linked to their exceptional radio- and chemo-resistant phenotype. An intratumoral hierarchy is postulated consisting of tumor stem cells in the apex with high DNA-repair proficiency resisting radiotherapy. It is conceivable that the stem cell property is more dynamic than originally anticipated. Niche effects such as exposure to hypoxia and intercellular communication in proximities to endothelial or bone marrow-derived cells (BMDC), for example, may activate such "stem cell" programs. GBM are exceptionally stroma-rich tumors and may consist of more than 70% stroma components, such as microglia and BMDC. It becomes increasingly apparent that treatment of GBM needs to integrate therapies targeting all above-mentioned distinct pathophysiological features. Accordingly, recent approaches in GBM therapy include inhibition of invasion (e.g., integrin, EGFR, CD95, and mTOR inhibition), antiangiogenesis and stroma modulators (TGFbeta, VEGF, angiopoetin, cMET inhibitors) and activation of immune response (vaccination and blockage of negative co-stimulatory signals). In addition, high LET-radiotherapy, for example with carbon ions, is postulated to ablate tumor stem cell and hypoxic cells more efficiently as compared with conventional low-LET photon irradiation. We discuss current key concepts, their limitations, and potentials to improve the outcome in this rapidly progressive and devastating disease.
12‐Month outcomes of transcatheter tricuspid valve repair with the PASCAL system for severe tricuspid regurgitation (2021)

Twelve-month outcomes from this multicenter compassionate use experience with the PASCAL System demonstrated high procedural success, acceptable safety, and significant clinical improvement.
Do Refuge Requirements for Biotechnology Crops Promote Economic Efficiency? Some Evidence for Bt Cotton (2007)

We examine producer behavior, resistance evolution, and returns under alternative refuge requirements in an eastern North Carolina region with multiple corn, cotton, and soybean fields infested by a mobile pest. Returns are highest, pyrethroid sprays occur least frequently, and pyrethroid resistance evolution is delayed most effectively with no refuge requirement. Complying with the current 20% refuge requirement costs the producer $8.67 per cotton acre, or $34.21 per non-transgenic insecticidal (Bt) cotton acre. Returns are highest under each refuge requirement when one-toxin Bt cotton is not phased out; however, removal of the technology at the earliest phase-out date minimizes regional pyrethroid sprays.
Query Rewrites with Views for XML in DB2 (2009)

There is much effort to develop comprehensive support for the storage and querying of XML data in database management systems. The major developers have extended their systems to handle XML data natively. These have the advantage over stand-alone XML database systems that relational and XML data can be queried mutually. Indeed, recent SQL standards specify means to query relational and XML data together (called SQL/XML). These systems also now support XQuery, in addition to SQL. It is thus possible to mix the processing of relational and XML data via either query language. While there has been significant progress in efficient native storage systems for XML, there remain numerous challenges to handle efficiently queries over XML. There are efforts to adapt the strong optimization techniques used for relational ("SQL") queries for XML (and mixed) queries as well. One such technique, the materialized view, has been well studied, and well adopted, over the last decade as an effective technique for optimizing relational queries. Our work extends the use of materialized views for SQL/XML, and could be applied to XQuery. Within IBM DB2 9 (Viper), we implement query rewrite rules that enable the use of materialized views in the evaluation of queries over XML. % (We enable views over queries that employ XMLTable.) To accomplish this, it was necessary to extend the existing query matching and compensation framework in DB2 with new functionality. We consider what types of query rewrites based on XMLTable are possible, and which are feasible. We present a linear-time algorithm to determine the locality (self-containment) of XPath expressions within a schema-unaware environment, which we have implemented. We demonstrate the efficacy of our techniques via an experimental evaluation over a representative suite of SQL/XML queries and materialized views, executed over our DB2 prototype.
Beam‐scanning leaky‐wave antenna based on CRLH‐metamaterial for millimetre‐wave applications (2019)

This paper presents empirical results of an innovative beam‐scanning leaky‐wave antenna (LWA), which enables scanning over a wide angle from − 35° to + 34.5° between 57 and 62 GHz, with broadside radiation centred at 60 GHz. The proposed LWA design is based on composite right/left‐handed transmission‐line (CRLH‐TL) concept. The single‐layer antenna structure includes a matrix of 3 × 9 square slots that is printed on top of the dielectric substrate; and printed on the bottom ground‐plane are Π‐ and T‐shaped slots that enhance the impedance bandwidth and radiation properties of the antenna. The proposed antenna structure exhibits metamaterial property. The slot matrix provides beam scanning as a function of frequency. Physical and electrical size of the antenna is 18.7 × 6 × 1.6 mm 3 and 3.43 × 1.1 × 0.29 , respectively, where is free space wavelength at 55 GHz. The antenna has a measured impedance bandwidth of 10 GHz (55–65 GHz) or fractional bandwidth of 16.7%. Its optimum gain and efficiency are 7.8 dBi and 84.2% at 62 GHz.
Are There Better Guidelines for Allocation in Liver Transplantation? (2011)

The BAR system provides a new, simple and reliable tool to detect unfavorable combinations of donor and recipient factors, and is readily available before decision making of accepting or not an organ for a specific recipient. This score may offer great potential for better justice and utility, as it revealed to be superior to recent developed other prediction scores.
Siren Design for Producing Controlled Wave Form with Amplitude Modulation (1959)

A siren has been developed which permits the generation of a sound pressure wave with harmonics more than 15 db below the fundamental over a broad frequency range and over a range of power output exceeding 40 db. The large dynamic range was obtained by the use of a shutter which changes the maximum open area of the siren ports and simultaneously alters the time variation of area so that the output signal remains substantially sinusoidal at any shutter position. The shutter can be operated rapidly to provide a means for programed amplitude modulation of the output signal with a minimum of harmonic distortion.
The pharmacokinetics of metformin: a comparison of the properties of a rapid-release and a sustained-release preparation. (1983)

The pharmacokinetic differences between a rapid-release metformin preparation of 500 mg (RRM) and a sustained-release metformin preparation of 500 mg (SRM), whose gastrointestinal side effects may be less, were compared after a single dose and after continuous 5-day use during a steady-state phase. In the single-dose trial the mean peak serum level of 1.00 micrograms/ml from RRM and 0.61 micrograms/ml from SRM were reached at 3 h, and at 3 and 4 h, respectively, after ingestion of the drugs. Serum metformin levels from RRM were consistently higher up to 8 h, and the AUC0-8h value for RRM was from 4.25 and 2.49 for SRM (p less than 0.001). Over a 24-h period 40% of the given dose was recovered in urine from RRM. The value for SRM was 25%. The elimination half-life was 2.0 h for RRM and 2.6 h for SRM. During the steady-state trial the mean basal serum metformin concentration was higher after SRM (0.33 micrograms/ml) than after RRM (0.20 micrograms/ml), although the mean peak serum metformin level remained lower after SRM. On the 5th day the AUC0-8h values obtained after RRM and SRM were comparable (6.88 vs 6.59; N.S.).
ChemInform Abstract: A SYNTHETIC AMPHIPHILIC HELICAL DOCOSAPEPTIDE WITH THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF PLASMA APOLIPOPROTEIN A‐I (1979)

Abstract Das Peptid Pro‐Lys‐Leu‐Glu‐Glu‐Leu‐Lys‐Glu‐Lys‐Leu‐Lys‐ Glu‐Leu‐Leu‐Glu‐Lys‐Leu‐Lys‐Glu‐Lys‐Leu‐Ala wurde mittels Merrifield‐Methode synthetisiert (Ausb. 1.5%, bezogen auf Boc‐Ala‐Harz als Ausgangsmaterial: Reinheit über 99%).
Towards Topical Quantitation of Striatal Dopamine Tracer Uptake: A Monte Carlo Simulation (2020)

1501 Objectives: The reduction of striatal dopamine uptake is linked to the clinical progression of Essential Tremors and Parkinson’s Disease. The current standard of care in patients with early symptoms is to measure striatal uptake using DaTscan™ (GE Healthcare, Ioflupane I-123 Injection), the only US FDA approved agent for evaluation of suspected parkinsonian syndromes using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging. Previously published work indicates that striatal uptake of [123I]-E-IACFT, an 123I-based dopamine transport radiotracer, is 20+ times higher than the background in healthy individuals. This level of uptake specificity may allow for low-cost, pre-screening measurements of striatal uptake prior to conventional SPECT imaging. To study the feasibility of such an approach, we conducted Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the ability of topical scintillation detectors placed directly on a patient’s scalp to quantify the striatal uptake of 123I.
 Methods: Using the GATE Monte Carlo simulation framework and anthropomorphic models of the head, we simulated tungsten-shielded, topical scintillation detectors and striatal uptake of 123I. Simulated uptake included target-to-background concentration ratios ranging from 1:1 (severely decreased striatal uptake) to 20:1 (normal striatal uptake). Simulations were performed for graduated (5% increments) striatal uptake from minimal uptake (5%) to normal uptake (100%). Each simulation was broken into 8 parts using time-slice multiplexing to increase randomness and performed 5 times to calculate average results. Each simulation consisted of 10 seconds of counts integration. Background activity in the brain was held constant for all simulations. Detector output was compared to input concentrations to assess sensitivity to disease state (healthy, Essential Tremor, Parkinson’s Disease).
 Results: Detector output ranged from 25 ± 2.6 counts at 5% uptake to 540 ± 28.8 counts for 100% uptake. Output due to background brain activity remained constant at 388 ± 18 counts. The total detector output ranged from 413 ± 15.9 counts to 933 ± 27.2 counts. A simulated reduction in normal striatal uptake of 95% resulted in a 55% reduction in detector output.
Conclusion: In order to quantify the 30% reduction in striatal uptake that may be indicative of Essential Tremors, detector output decreases by 16.1%. In order to quantify a 75% reduction, likely indicative of Parkinson’s Disease, detector output decreases by 45.7%. These sensitivity results are promising for the ability of a topical detector to quantify specific striatal uptake. Additionally, topical detectors could provide a dynamic measure of uptake which may prove useful for kinetic analysis of disease state.
Phase-Locked Loops using State Variable Feedback for Single-Phase Converter Systems (2009)

A crucial component of a grid-connected converter system is the phase-locked loop (PLL) that synchronizes the control to the grid voltage. Accurate, fast responding PLLs are required to provide phase angle and frequency measurements of the grid voltage for control and protection purposes. This paper proposes novel feedback mechanisms using the estimated frequency and phase in single-phase PLLs (in the stationary and rotating reference frames) which enhances performance. The estimated frequency ripple is eliminated without using low-pass filters (LPFs), and feedback terms are shown to improve the synchronization speed, by as much as 80% in some cases. Mathematical analyses, simulation, and hardware results are presented to verify the methods.