gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of shell coating technique on carrier collection properties of core/shell nanostructures (2015)

The core/shell nanowire (nanorod) arrays are promising candidates of being building blocks in many nanoscale device applications such as solar cells and photodetectors. Fast transportation of charge carriers, which requires high quality interface of core and shell materials, is crucial in this kind of applications. In this study, we performed a theoretical and experimental investigation on different physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques to discover the most efficient deposition technique for a conformal shell coating around nanowires. We conducted Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and fabricated indium sulfide (In2S3) nanorods/silver (Ag) core/shell devices for photocurrent measurements. Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique was used to grow In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanorods. Our MC simulation results show that wider angular distribution of atomic flux (e.g. sputtering at high working gas pressures) can provide a conformal shell around nanowire arrays compared to a directional incident flux. The core/shell devices with Ag shell deposited by sputtering at a relatively high working gas pressure (3.4*10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> mbar) show the highest photocurrent compared to other devices that involved more directional incident flux types of Ag sputter deposition. The shortened transit times calculated from photocurrent profiles can also indicate a conformal shell obtained with high pressure sputtering. On the other hand, our MC simulation results reveal that a small angle (~30°) of incoming flux w.r.t. the substrate surface normal might be required for PVD techniques with a highly directional incoming flux (e.g. thermal or e-beam evaporation) for a sufficient conformal shell. Overall, we demonstrate that already well-known and well-established industrial PVD techniques can be utilized simply with small modifications in order to fabricate high quality core/shell structures for high efficiency, low-cost photovoltaic and photoconductive devices.
Lycopene intake induces colonic regulatory T cells in mice and suppresses food allergy symptoms (2021)

Our results suggest that lycopene, a carotenoid present in many common foods on the market, may have the potential to induce colonic Tregs and suppress FA symptoms.
Photolytical Pretreatment of Polymers with UV-Laser Radiation (1995)

Abstract The surface properties of some polymers in relation to physicochemical affinity to similar or other materials (adhesion, moistening, adsorption etc.) are very poor, which then limits their use in specific technical applications. To improve the surface properties in this field a mechanical, wet-chemical or plasma treatment of the work pieces is applied. Most of these methods, however, have some disadvantages as, for example, alteration of the surface morphology, poor controllability and pollution of the environment. These are the reasons why improvement of these technologies are the subject of current research. One relatively new way to change the surface conditions of polymers is the use of excimer lasers. Recent results are presented concerning the interaction of UV-laser radiation with polymers and resulting photolytical modification and activation (adhesion, morphology) of their surface. These results show that under certain conditions polar groups are observable. On the basis of such activation, for example, a significant enhancement of the adhesive binding strength between a polymer (in this case polypropylene) and an adhesive (epoxy resin) has been achieved.
Flexible Pattern Matching in Strings: Practical On-Line Search Algorithms for Texts and Biological Sequences (2002)

String matching problems range from the relatively simple task of searching a single text for a string of characters to searching a database for approximate occurrences of a complex pattern. Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase of interest in sophisticated string matching problems, especially in information retrieval and computational biology. This book presents a practical approach to string matching problems, focusing on the algorithms and implementations that perform best in practice. It covers searching for simple, multiple and extended strings, as well as regular expressions, and exact and approximate searching. It includes all the most significant new developments in complex pattern searching. The clear explanations, step-by-step examples, algorithm pseudocode, and implementation efficiency maps will enable researchers, professionals and students in bioinformatics, computer science, and software engineering to choose the most appropriate algorithms for their applications
How To Ensure Good Thermal Performance of Blown Mineral Fibre Insulation in Horizontal and Vertical Installations (1981)

Information and techniques regarding the proper use of blown mineral fibre insulation are presented.
CE POTASSIUM IMBALANCES (1987)

Michele Walker Schwartz, RN, MSN, CCRN, is a clinical nurse specialist, Mercy Hospital of Sacramento, CA.
The Role of Arch Compression and Metatarsophalangeal Joint Dynamics in Modulating Plantar Fascia Strain in Running (2016)

Elastic energy returned from passive-elastic structures of the lower limb is fundamental in lowering the mechanical demand on muscles during running. The purpose of this study was to investigate the two length-modulating mechanisms of the plantar fascia, namely medial longitudinal arch compression and metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) excursion, and to determine how these mechanisms modulate strain, and thus elastic energy storage/return of the plantar fascia during running. Eighteen runners (9 forefoot and 9 rearfoot strike) performed three treadmill running trials; unrestricted shod, shod with restricted arch compression (via an orthotic-style insert), and barefoot. Three-dimensional motion capture and ground reaction force data were used to calculate lower limb kinematics and kinetics including MPJ angles, moments, powers and work. Estimates of plantar fascia strain due to arch compression and MPJ excursion were derived using a geometric model of the arch and a subject-specific musculoskeletal model of the plantar fascia, respectively. The plantar fascia exhibited a typical elastic stretch-shortening cycle with the majority of strain generated via arch compression. This strategy was similar in fore- and rear-foot strike runners. Restricting arch compression, and hence the elastic-spring function of the arch, was not compensated for by an increase in MPJ-derived strain. In the second half of stance the plantar fascia was found to transfer energy between the MPJ (energy absorption) and the arch (energy production during recoil). This previously unreported energy transfer mechanism reduces the strain required by the plantar fascia in generating useful positive mechanical work at the arch during running.
Comparison of the Omron RS6 wrist blood pressure monitor with the positioning sensor on or off with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer (2014)

The Omron RS6 position sensor is an important function for a wrist device that improves measurement accuracy by decreasing variations in wrist height.
Supplementary_table_S3 from Intertumoral Heterogeneity in SCLC Is Influenced by the Cell Type of Origin (2023)

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Four- and five-coordinate nickel(II) complexes of 2,3-butanedionebis(2-diphenylphosphinoethylimine) (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFour- and five-coordinate nickel(II) complexes of 2,3-butanedionebis(2-diphenylphosphinoethylimine)Thomas D. DuBoisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 4, 718–722Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50110a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50110a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Industrial Application: Perspective and Requirements (2018)

This chapter discusses the obstacles any new technology must overcome to be commercially successful with specific references to the challenges confronting Si-molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Rather the purpose is to acquaint those involved primarily with research of the needs and perspective of the industrial environment. The chapter deals with the requirements and restraints posed by high-volume production and the constant pressure to reduce prices. The cost and technology requirements have made automation a necessity and it is accepted and expected in the industry. As new technologies and materials emerge and more is learned about the effect of manufacturing processes and materials on health, new health and safety standards are being implemented. Semiconductor process equipment manufacturers are constantly under pressure from the electronics companies to develop equipment with better process control and lower slice manufacturing costs. There must be simultaneous development of equipment, process technology, continually decreasing production costs, and new, volume product demands to fuel this trend.
A NOVEL APPROACH FOR LOCALIZATION OF THE CONTINUOUS PROTEIN ANTIGENIC SITES BY COMPREHENSIVE SYNTHETIC SURFACE SCANNING: ANTIBODY AND T-CELL ACTIVITY TO SEVERAL INFLUENZA HEMAGGLUTININ SYNTHETIC SITES (1984)

The determination in this laboratory of the complete antigenic structures of several proteins initially relied on a multi-approach complex chemical strategy and revealed that antigenic sites are surface locations which could be either 'continuous' or 'discontinuous' in architecture. More recently, we introduced a simplified comprehensive synthetic approach for the localization of the continuous antigenic sites of a protein. The approach depends on the synthesis of consecutive overlapping peptides, of uniform size and overlaps, and encompass the entire protein chain, from the beginning to the end. The latter approach is rather costly and labor-intensive, especially when applied to large protein molecules. All these studies showed, however, that protein antigenic sites occupy surface areas on a protein molecule. In order to render the determination of protein antigenic sites more feasible within a reasonable period of time, we considered that only the protein surface needs to be examined. Thus, for a protein of known three-dimensional structure, the protein surface can be readily screened for the continuous antigenic sites by the systematic synthesis and examination of immunochemical activity of all exposed segments of the protein. We have applied this approach here to influenza A virus hemagglutinin. Twelve peptides (11 reported for the first time here, and one reported previously), representing continuous surface segments of the molecule, have so far been synthesized, purified, characterized and their immunochemical activity studied. The peptides were found to bind anti-viral antibodies raised in outbred mice and antibodies in human sera from individuals that had suffered a recent influenza A infection. In one mouse strain (Balb/c; H-2d) so far examined, several of the peptides stimulated an in vitro proliferative response of T cells from virus (X-31)- primed mice. Finally, antisera to the peptides were raised in mice and, as expected, were found to bind to intact virus. In most cases, anti-peptide antibodies, did not bind disrupted virus. These studies indicate that protein 'continuous' antigenic sites can be localized by systematic synthetic scanning of the surface. It is emphasized that the approach is useful only for the localization of 'continuous' sites. The results also reveal that the antigenic structure of influenza virus hemagglutinin is more complex than has hitherto been suspected.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Ampy-Based Ruthenium(II) Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones (2022)

Four ruthenium(II) complexes of the motif, cis-RuCl2[Ph2P(CH2)4PPh2](ampy-L) and trans-RuCl2[Ph2P(CH2)4PPh2](ampy-L) (ampy = 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine; L = Cl or OMe), were synthesized for potential catalytic applications. The complexes were fully characterized using NMR spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and electrochemical analyses. The trans-isomer was observed to undergo isomerization to the cis-isomer, and kinetic studies of the isomerization reaction showed that subtle changes in ampy-L electron density did not impact the rate of trans-to-cis isomerization. To probe the utility of these complexes toward catalysis, transfer hydrogenation reactions were performed for the reduction of a variety of ketones. All three cis-complexes showed high rates and yields toward ketone transfer hydrogenation.
Pannexin-1 Is Blocked by Its C-Terminus through a Delocalized Non-Specific Interaction Surface (2014)

The Pannexin-1 (Panx1) channel is known to become activated under a variety of physiological conditions resulting in the release of medium-sized molecules such as ATP and amino acids from the cell. The detailed molecular mechanism of activation of the channel resulting in the opening of the Pannexin pore is poorly understood. The best-studied gating mechanism is caspase-3/7-mediated cleavage and truncation of the c-terminus. In the absence of caspase-cleavage, the c-terminal peptide maintains the channel in the closed state, possibly by directly plugging the pore from the intracellular side. We sought to understand in detail the part of the c-terminus necessary for this interaction by alanine-scanning and truncation mutagenesis of the c-terminal gating peptide. These experiments demonstrate that no single amino acid side-chain is necessary for this interaction. In fact, replacing blocks of 10-12 amino acids in different parts of the c-terminal peptide with alanines fails to disrupt the ability of the c-terminus to keep the channel closed. Surprisingly, even replacing the entire c-terminal gating peptide with a scrambled peptide of the same length maintains the interaction in some cases. Further analysis revealed that the interaction surface, while delocalized, is located within the amino-terminal two-thirds of the c-terminal peptide. Such a delocalized and potentially low-affinity interaction surface is allowed due to the high effective concentration of the c-terminal peptide near the inner vestibule of the pore and likely explains why this region is poorly conserved between species. This type of weak interaction with a tethered gating peptide may be required to maintain high-sensitivity to caspase-dependent activation.
Reduced Ischemic Injury After Stroke in Mice by Angiogenic Gene Delivery Via Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction (2014)

Angiogenic gene therapy in patients with cerebral infarcts may have clinical benefit, but its potential is diminished by the difficulty of introducing genes into the brain. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) for delivery of genes to the brains of normal mice and after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. In normal mice, disruption of the blood-brain barrier detected with trypan blue staining was reversible within 24 hours of a single UTMD administration. Expression of reporter genes in the brain after UTMD demonstrated successful targeted gene delivery and transfection. Decreased neurologic function after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was attenuated versus controls at 7 days after UTMD delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction delivery of the VEGF gene resulted in decreased infarct areas, increased vessel density, and reduced apoptosis versus controls. There was no evidence of permanent brain injury throughout the study. Thus, UTMD was a safe, minimally invasive, effective technique for gene delivery to the brain. Vascular endothelial growth factor transfection of brain cells conferred beneficial effects on histopathologic parameters and neurologic function, and stimulated angiogenesis in a mouse stroke model.
ANALYSIS OF INTRINSIC STRESS IN DIAMOND FILMS BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2000)

The relationships of the residual stress versus process parameters of diamond films grown by Hot Filament CVD were investigated by XRD. The intrinsic macrostress in the diamond films was tensile. The tensile stress decreased almost linearly with acetone concentration, and a minimum tensile stress was obtained at a deposition temperature of 9OOOC and 50 V bias voltage. The microstress in the film goes down with increasing deposition temperature and decreasing positive bias voltage. The relationships between stress and growth parameters were explained according to the microstructure of the diamond films. By optimizing the process parameters, the tensile intrinsic macrostress of diamond films can be reduced greatly without changing the quality of the films. The microstress in the films was released when the samples were heat-treated. 1. INTRUDUTION Diamond film has a wide range of potential applications such as fabrication of wear-resistant protective coatings, abrasives, heat sinks and high-temperature semiconducting and optical devices, due to its exceptional unique properties. However, the residual stress in diamond fnm generated during the process of diamond growth is mostly tensile. It makes the diamond fihn brittle and easy to peel off, and becomes one of the obstacles that hinder the wide application of diamond film. To understand the origin of the residual stress in diamond film and to find ways to relax them, it is important to analyze residual stress in diamond film. There are various kinds of stress measurement methods for ‘diamond film such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) (‘I, Raman spectroscopy I21 and the vibrating membrane method [31. XRD is a unique method to measure macrostress and microstress of diamond fihns at the same time. In this paper, the relationships of residual stress to the process parameters of diamond films grown by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) were studied by XRD and a method to reduce these residual stresses is presented.
The use of hybrid logarithmic arithmetic for root raised cosine matched filters in WCDMA downlink receivers (2005)

The paper compares and contrasts the performance of a root raised cosine matched filter implemented using hybrid logarithmic arithmetic with that of standard binary and floating point implementations. Hybrid logarithmic arithmetic is advantageous for FIR digital filters since it removes the necessity for the use of high speed array multipliers. These can be replaced by simple lookup table structures for conversion to and from the logarithmic domain. Matlab simulations of the hybrid logarithmic structure show that its performance is superior to that of recently published fixed point solutions, while offering a significantly reduced complexity when compared to floating point equivalents proposed for the WCDMA downlink in receiver applications. The use of hybrid logarithmic arithmetic also has the potential to reduce the power consumption, latency and hardware complexity for mobile handset applications.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma: Inter-observer variability in the assessment of tumor response classification (2004)

7194 Background: Measurement of tumor thickness on the computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is tedious, and measurement consistency across sequential CT scans remains a significant clinical challenge. This study documents inter-observer variability in the tumor response classification of MPM. Methods: Three observers familiar with the clinical measurement protocol analyzed 22 CT scans from different MPM patients. Given previously measured baseline CT scans, observers measured tumor thickness in follow-up scans through a computer interface that allowed for the side-by-side viewing of the two scans. Observers made tumor thickness measurements in the follow-up scans during each of two independent sessions that differed in the manner in which baseline scan measurements were presented. One session visually displayed baseline measurements as line segments superimposed across the measurement sites on the baseline scan, while the other session used a written report of baseline measurements without a visual aid. Tumor response classification was determined from the differences in summed measurements between the two scans of each patient in accordance with RECIST guidelines. Results: 88% of pair-wise comparisons among the three observers exhibited concordant tumor response classifications using the visual aid; a 79% concordance rate was obtained based on the written report only. Statistically significant differences in summed measurement differences were observed for two of the three pair-wise observer comparisons based on the written report (p<0.05), while no statistically significant differences between observers were observed when follow-up measurements were based on the visual aid. Conclusions: This study documents the degree of inter-observer variability that exists in MPM tumor response classification. This variability may be reduced with a computer interface that presents a visual aid of baseline scan measurements. Incorporation of this interface into ongoing clinical trials is anticipated. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration R2 Technology, Inc. R2 Technology, Inc.
The influence of the organic aerosol component on CCN supersaturation spectra for different aerosol types (2002)

This paper describes the effect of the presence of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in aerosol particles on the aerosol critical supersaturation as defined by the Köhler theory and on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentration. Taking into account both the soluble mass increase and the surface tension depression due to WSOC, we calculated a substantial decrease of the aerosol critical supersaturation, which results in a large increase in CCN number concentration. CCN supersaturation spectra were computed for three different aerosol types: marine, rural and urban. The increase of CCN number concentration in the presence of WSOC (with respect to the case when only the inorganic aerosol compounds are considered) varies with aerosol type, with an increase up to 13% in the marine case, up to 97% in the rural case, and up to 110% in the urban case, for the supersaturation range typical of atmospheric conditions.