gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Verapamil and Its Optical Isomers on Repetitive Slow Responses Induced by Electrical Depolarization in Canine Ventricular Myocardium (1980)

The electrophysiological effects of verapamil (racemic compounds) and its optical (d- and 1-) isomers on canine ventricular myocardial fibers were investigated in current clamp conditions using single sucrose gap chamber and microelectrodes. The current-voltage (I-V) relationships were obtained in normal and low Na (12 mM)--low Ca (0.45 mM) solutions with and without the drugs. Verapamil and its optical isomers blocked repetitive action potential discharges (slow responses) induced by depolarizing DC-currents. However, l-isomer was more potent than d-isomer in suppressing these responses. The difference in the potency was attributed to their different actions on the steady state I-V relationships. Namely, l-isomer increased time independent membrane conductance to potassium ions (probably gk1), while d-isomer did not. This effect of l-isomer may favor the suppression of phase 4 depolarization and hence reduce the frequency of repetitive action potential discharges in depolarized ventricular muscle more effectively than d-isomer.
A NovelTranscriptional Enhancer isInvolved inthe Prolactin- andExtracellular Matrix-Dependent Regulation offl-Casein GeneExpression (1992)

Lactogenic hormones andextracellular matrix (ECM)actsynergistically toregulate f-casein expression inculture. Wehavedeveloped afunctional subpopulation ofthemousemammaryepithelial cell strain COMMA-1D(designated CID9),whichexpresses highlevel of 3-casein, forms alveolar-like structures whenplated ontotheEHStumor-derived matrix, andsecretes f-casein unidirectionally intoalumen. We havefurther shownthatECMandprolactin-dependent regulations off-casein occur mainly atthetranscriptional level andthat 5'sequences playanimportant role inthese regulations. Toaddress thequestion ofthenature oftheDNA sequence requirements forsuchregulation, weanalyzed the bovine ,B-casein genepromoter inthese cells. Wenowhavelocated a160-bp transcriptional enhancer (BCE1) within the5'flanking region ofthe3-casein gene. Using functional assays, weshowthat BCE1contains responsive elements forprolactin- andECM-dependent regulation. BCE1placed upstream ofatruncated andinactive f-casein promoter (the shortest extending from-89to+42bpwithregard tothetranscription start site) reconstitutes a promoter evenmorepotent thantheintact promoter, whichcontains BCE1inits normal context morethan1.5kbupstream. Thissmall fusion promoter alsoreconstitutes the normal pattern ofregulation, including arequirement forbothprolactin andECM anda synergistic action ofprolactin andhydrocortisone. Byreplacing themilkpromoter witha heterologous viral promoter, weshowthat BCE1participates intheprolactin- andECMmediated regulation.
Networked control system with network time-delay compensation (2005)

In this paper, the key timing characteristics of control networks, which include blocking time, frame time, and propagation time are introduced. The typical construction of networked control systems (NCSs) is given, and an approach to design of a full-state observer is discussed with network-induced random time delay less than one sample period. Then a scheme of compensation for network-induced time delay in NCSs is proposed based on the observer derived in this paper. Finally, simulations in different network delay ranges have been carried out, and the good performance is verified.
Formal methods and tools for evaluating cryptographic systems security (Scientific Advisor: Prof. Sergey M. Avdoshin) (2008)

Cryptographic system operates in an environment that imposes restrictions on the types of attacks that the system is exposed to. Classically, the research has mostly focused on information system security as a whole, whereas cryptographic tools evaluation techniques have not received as much attention. The main thread of our work is the development of formal techniques to analyze the security of cryptographic systems based on varying attacks. The second main thread is the development of software tools to facilitate the process of cryptosystem efficiency assessment by computer security specialists.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Dried Plasma Spot Specimens for HIV-1 Viral Load Testing: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021)

Overall, dried plasma spot specimens performed relatively well compared with plasma with sensitivity and specificity values greater than 90% and misclassification rates less than 10% across all treatment failure thresholds reviewed.
Einleitung (1995)

Der hohe Entwicklungsstand der CMOS-Technologie ermöglicht die Integration komplexer digitaler und analoger Schaltungen mit hoher Ausbeute bei Strukturgrößen im tiefen Submikrometerbereich und Packungsdichten von bis zu 5.104 Transistoren / mm2. Demgegenüber zeichnet sich die Integrierte Optik durch hohe Datenraten in Verbindung mit einer leistungsarmen Signalübertragung bei niedriger Störempfindlichkeit aus. Auf geringster Fläche bietet sie über die Interferometrie eine hohe Präzision sowohl in der Entfernungsmessung als auch in der Sensorik. Als dritte Integrationstechnik erlaubt die Mikromechanik über Sensoren einen direkten Zugriff vom Chip auf externe Größen wie Beschleunigung oder Druck.
Effect of Composition and Pretreatment Parameters on Activity and Stability of Cu–Al Catalysts for Water–Gas Shift Reaction (2014)

Abstract We investigated various Cu species responsible for highly efficient Cu–Al oxide catalyst for the water–gas shift reaction (WGSR). The formation of various Cu species was achieved by systematically varying the Cu–Al composition in the coprecipitated mixed Cu–Al oxides. The Cu–Al composition of 70:30 (Cu–Al‐7) was the best for WGSR using the reformate gas composition. In addition, the Cu–Al‐7 catalyst reduced under 100 % H 2 , was relatively stable with time on stream of 100 h, at higher gas hourly space velocity of 36 201 h −1 .The structural investigation of our coprecipitated catalysts with varying Cu–Al compositions revealed the formation of nonzero oxidation state copper and metallic Cu to be essential for the observed WGSR activity. In addition, the highest activity and stability of Cu–Al‐7 catalysts reduced under 100 % H 2 at lower temperature was attributed to particle‐size stabilization and a lower extent of Cu aggregation by Cu 2 O and boehmite phases, respectively, along with the formation of various Cu species during the activation protocol for 12 h. Complete CO 2 selectivity without methanation was observed for all the Cu–Al compositions irrespective of their pretreatment conditions.
Growth Rate and Cross-Linking Kinetics of Poly(divinyl benzene) Thin Films Formed via Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition (2018)

Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) allows for the formation of highly cross-linked, polymer thin films on a variety of substrates. Here, we study the impact of substrate stage temperature and filament temperature on the deposition and cross-linking characteristics of iCVD from divinyl benzene. Maintaining a constant monomer surface concentration reveals that deposition rates upward of 15 nm/min can be achieved at substrate stage temperatures of 50 °C. The degree of cross-linking is limited by the rate of initiation of the pendant vinyl bonds. At a filament temperature of 200 °C, the pendant vinyl bond conversion is highly sensitive to the surface concentration of initiator radicals. A significant decrease of the pendant vinyl bond conversion is observed with increasing stage temperatures. At higher filament temperatures, the pendant vinyl bond conversion appears to plateau at approximately 50%. However, faster deposition rates yield lower conversion. This trade-off is mitigated by increasing the filament temperature to increase initiator radical production. A higher flux of initiator radicals toward the surface at a constant deposition rate increases the rate of initiation of pendant vinyl bonds and therefore their overall conversion. At a deposition rate of ∼7 nm/min, an increase in the filament temperature from 200 to 240 °C results in an 18% increase in the pendant vinyl bond conversion.
Effects and Significance of Premature Beats on Fractal Correlation Properties of R‐R Interval Dynamics (2004)

Unedited premature beats result in an increase in the randomness of short-term R-R interval dynamics, particularly in post-AMI patients. Premature beats must not necessarily be edited when fractal analysis is used for risk stratification.
Qualité des données (2018)

C'est la qualité des données qui conditionne la qualité des résultats. Dans une période où l'on collecte un nombre toujours plus grand de données, voici une panoplie de méthodes permettant de résoudre ces problèmes de non-qualité de vos données.
UWB Configurable YRO (2006)

Ultrawideband (UWB) has drawn the interest among the research and wireless communication communities due to its configurability and adaptability, which enables it to coexist with many concurrent services. YIG (Yttrium-Iron- Garnet) based signal sources are renowned for their configurability, wideband tunability and ability to generate high spectral purity signal at microwave frequency. However, YIG based signal sources are costly, power hungry, and not suited for fabrication by current integrated circuit (IC) technology. Nor are they immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), vibration effects, microphonics, phase hits, and frequency modulation. This paper discusses the technology of the YIG replacement oscillator (YRO) as a UWB configurable signal source, which is cost effective and easily amenable for integration in IC form.
Effect of Low-Dose Prednisolone on Sperm Fertilizing Capacity in Subfertile Men with Circulating Antisperm Antibodies (1994)

To assess if low-dose prednisolone reduced circulating antisperm antibodies and improved sperm fertilizing capacity, the hamster oocyte penetration test (HOPT) was used to evaluate treatment in 36 males with significant serum antisperm antibodies, measured by the tray agglutination test (TAT). Prednisolone 5 mg three times a day for 3 months was used. Only couples in whom all tests in the female partner were normal were entered into the study. A significant increase in sperm density, normal morphology, and HOPT were noted after therapy (p < .001). A significant decrease in antisperm antibody titer was noted (p < .0001) and correlated with improvement of HOPT (p < .05). There were no significant side effects. Six pregnancies (17%) occurred. Three pregnancies (18%) occurred in partners of an untreated group of 17 men. Prednisolone therapy in this regime does not significantly improve pregnancy rates. The HOPT does not offer any additional information for predicting patients who will show an improvement in antibody titers or achieve pregnancy after steroids.
Spontaneous Diabetes Mellitus in the BB/W Rat: Effects of Glucocorticoids, Cyclosporin-A, and Antiserum to Rat Lymphocytes (1983)

Combination immunosuppression therapy with long-acting glucocorticoids, cyclosporin-A, and antiserum to rat lymphocytes (ALS) reduced the severity of spontaneous diabetes among BioBreeding/Worcester rats and decreased the frequency of diabetes in susceptible littermates. Combination therapy with glucocorticoids and three injections of ALS reversed hyperglycemia in a significant number of acutely diabetic animals. These results strengthen the hypothesis that autoimmunity plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes in these animals and increase our understanding of the requirements of treatment protocols for the prevention and cure of this spontaneous syndrome.
FES-cycling training in Spinal Cord Injured patients (2013)

Among the objectives of spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation, (i) prevention of bony, muscular and joint trophism and (ii) limitation of spastic hypertone represent important goals to be achieved. The aim of this study is to use functional electrical stimulation (FES) to activate pedaling on cycle-ergometer and analyse effects of this technique for a rehabilitation training in SCI persons. Five spinal cord injured subjects were recruited and underwent a two months FES-cycling training. Our results show an increase of thigh muscular area and endurance after the FES-cycling training, without any increase of spasticity. This approach, which is being validated on a larger pool of patients, represents a potential tool for improving the rehabilitation outcome of complete and incomplete SCI persons.
Securing messages in C-ITS: a proof of concept (2020)

Today’s vehicles and traffic infrastructures are becoming more and more connected, using technologies to enable users to utilize transport networks more safely and efficiently. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) describe a domain where smart vehicles and infrastructures can inter-act and share data directly with each other. The need for a way to establish trust and preserve the integrity of the system is evident. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept of securing messages between communicating entities in C-ITS based on the European ETSI TS 103 097 standards in the c-roads project.
Comparing Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Different Weave Patterns for Carbon Cloth Electrodes in Redox Flow Batteries (2020)

Abstract Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are an emerging electrochemical technology suitable for energy-intensive grid storage, but further cost reductions are needed for broad deployment. Overcoming cell performance limitations through improvements in the design and engineering of constituent components represent a promising pathway to lower system costs. Of particular relevance, but limited in study, are the porous carbon electrodes whose surface composition and microstructure impact multiple aspects of cell behavior. Here, we systematically investigate woven carbon cloth electrodes based on identical carbon fibers but arranged into different weave patterns (plain, 8-harness satin, 2 × 2 basket) of different thicknesses to identify structure–function relations and generalizable descriptors. We first evaluate the physical properties of the electrodes using a suite of analytical methods to quantify structural characteristics, accessible surface area, and permeability. We then study the electrochemical performance in a diagnostic flow cell configuration to elucidate resistive losses through polarization and impedance analysis and to estimate mass transfer coefficients through limiting current measurements. Finally, we combine these findings to develop power law relations between relevant dimensional and dimensionless quantities and to calculate extensive mass transfer coefficients. These studies reveal nuanced relationships between the physical morphology of the electrode and its electrochemical and hydraulic performance and suggest that the plain weave pattern offers the best combination of these attributes. More generally, this study provides physical data and experimental insights that support the development of purpose-built electrodes using a woven materials platform.
Piezoelectric Rotary Tube Motor (2011)

A custom rotary SQUIGGLE(Registered TradeMark) motor has been developed that sets new benchmarks for small motor size, high position resolution, and high torque without gear reduction. Its capabilities cannot be achieved with conventional electromagnetic motors. It consists of piezoelectric plates mounted on a square flexible tube. The plates are actuated via voltage waveforms 90 out of phase at the resonant frequency of the device to create rotary motion. The motors were incorporated into a two-axis postioner that was designed for fiber-fed spectroscopy for ground-based and space-based projects. The positioner enables large-scale celestial object surveys to take place in a practical amount of time.
The Price of Robustness (2004)

A robust approach to solving linear optimization problems with uncertain data was proposed in the early 1970s and has recently been extensively studied and extended. Under this approach, we are willing to accept a suboptimal solution for the nominal values of the data in order to ensure that the solution remains feasible and near optimal when the data changes. A concern with such an approach is that it might be too conservative. In this paper, we propose an approach that attempts to make this trade-off more attractive; that is, we investigate ways to decrease what we call the price of robustness. In particular, we flexibly adjust the level of conservatism of the robust solutions in terms of probabilistic bounds of constraint violations. An attractive aspect of our method is that the new robust formulation is also a linear optimization problem. Thus we naturally extend our methods to discrete optimization problems in a tractable way. We report numerical results for a portfolio optimization problem, a knapsack problem, and a problem from the Net Lib library.
Einleitung (1992)

Mit diesem Buch wird ein konnektionistisches Sprachproduktionsmodell vorgestellt, das in verschiedener Hinsicht über bekannte Modelle dieser Art (Dell & Reich 1980; Stemberger 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985; Dell 1985, 1986, 1988; Berg 1986a, 1988; MacKay 1987) hinausgeht.
Supplementary Figure S3. from Therapeutic Potential of Leelamine, a Novel Inhibitor of Androgen Receptor and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Densitometric quantitation of immunoblots for AR, AR splice variants, AR-V7, and phospho-AR (Ser213/210) in 22Rv1, LNCaP, and C4-2B cells (for data shown in Fig. 2A of the main text).&lt;/p&gt;
Low threshold 1.2 μm InGaAs quantum well lasers grown under low As/III ratio (2002)

We have achieved 160 A/cm2 threshold current density of a 1.21 μm InGaAs/GaAs quantum well (QW) laser grown under a very low As/III ratio. We investigated the As/III ratio dependence on the optical quality of InGaAs QWs grown with arsine and tertiarybutylarsine (TBA). We found that TBA allows us to grow high quality InGaAs QWs under a very low As/III ratio (∼3), while a higher As/III ratio (∼10) with arsine is necessary to obtain the similar quality QWs. This high quality InGaAs QW grown under the low As/III ratio leads to the realization of high quality InGaAsN QW which should be grown under a low As/III ratio and a high N/V ratio.
Computer extracted shape features of prostate capsule from MRI to predict biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer post-treatment. (2017)

e16579 Background: Pre-treatment identification of biochemical recurrence (BCR) from MRI may enable the use of aggressive neo-adjuvant therapies for prostate cancer patients to improve prognosis. BCR is often associated with aggressive cancer growth and/or extra prostatic extension resulting in an irregular bulge and focal capsular retraction. This may induce differences in the shape of the prostate capsule between BCR positive (BCR+) and BCR negative (BCR-) patients as observed on MRI. In this work, we show that computer extracted shape features of the prostate capsule on MRI can identify patients that are at a risk of BCR post-treatment Methods: In a single centre IRB approved study, from a registry of 874 patients, availability of complete image datasets (T1w, T2w and ADC map); no treatment for PCa before MRI; presence of clinically localised PCa; availability of Gleason score; and data available for post-treatment PSA and follow-up for at least 3 years in patients without BCR were used as inclusion criteria to select 80 patients. The prostate capsule was manually segmented on T2w MRI by an experienced radiologist. Two atlases A+ and A- were created for BCR+ and BCR- patients respectively with similar Gleason score (6 to 9), similar numbers in each cohort (25 each) and similar tumor stage (T2 to T3). A t-test based analysis corrected for multiple comparison revealed statistically significant prostate shape differences between A+ and A- in surface of interest (SOI). Curvature features (magnitude and surface normal orientations) were extracted from SOI of the two cohorts. A random forest classifier was trained using the 50 training images (from A+ and A-) and validated using a hold-out validation set of 30 patients. Results: The inter-quartile range, variance, skewness and kurtosis of curvature magnitude and normal orientations were found to be predictive of BCR. The RF classifier trained using these features could predict BCR with an accuracy of 78% and an AUC of 0.71 in the validation set. Conclusions: Curvature magnitude and orientation features of the prostate capsule from the SOI may be predictive of BCR. In future a multi centre independent datasets will be used to validate the findings.
Assessing the Metabolic Diversity of Streptococcus from a Protein Domain Point of View (2015)

Understanding the diversity and robustness of the metabolism of bacteria is fundamental for understanding how bacteria evolve and adapt to different environments. In this study, we characterised 121 Streptococcus strains and studied metabolic diversity from a protein domain perspective. Metabolic pathways were described in terms of the promiscuity of domains participating in metabolic pathways that were inferred to be functional. Promiscuity was defined by adapting existing measures based on domain abundance and versatility. The approach proved to be successful in capturing bacterial metabolic flexibility and species diversity, indicating that it can be described in terms of reuse and sharing functional domains in different proteins involved in metabolic activity. Additionally, we showed striking differences among metabolic organisation of the pathogenic serotype 2 Streptococcus suis and other strains.
Study on Reduction of Residual Stress Induced during Rapid Tooling Process: Influence of Heating Conditions on Residual Stress (2010)

This paper deals with the reduction of residual stress induced during the selective laser melting with a mixture of ferrous based metal powder. To evaluate the residual stresses induced during layered manufacturing processes, a strain gauge is attached on the bottom face of the base plate. The residual stress within the consolidated structure is calculated from the amount of strain change measured by the strain gauge when the consolidated structure is cut with an end mill. The influences of base plate thickness and consolidated structure height on the residual stresses are investigated. In addition, the effect of pre-heating and post heating by a laser beam irradiation are evaluated. The results showed that the deformation of the base plate increased with the increase of the consolidated layer and the decrease of base plate thickness, and the deformation was flattened when the consolidated structure was completely removed with the end mill. The deformation was related to the induced residual stresses. The residual stress distribution within the consolidated structure in the z direction was extremely large at the top layer of the structure and the boundary between the base plate and consolidated structure. The residual stress at the first layer of the structure decreased when the base plate was heated before consolidating the deposited powder. The residual stresses decreased when each of the consolidated layers was repeatedly heated by the laser beam irradiation.
SINC-seq: correlation of transient gene expressions between nucleus and cytoplasm reflects single-cell physiology (2018)

We report a microfluidic system that physically separates nuclear RNA (nucRNA) and cytoplasmic RNA (cytRNA) from a single cell and enables single-cell integrated nucRNA and cytRNA-sequencing (SINC-seq). SINC-seq constructs two individual RNA-seq libraries, nucRNA and cytRNA, per cell, quantifies gene expression in the subcellular compartments, and combines them to create novel single-cell RNA-seq data. Leveraging SINC-seq, we discover distinct natures of correlation among cytRNA and nucRNA that reflect the transient physiological state of single cells. These data provide unique insights into the regulatory network of messenger RNA from the nucleus toward the cytoplasm at the single-cell level.