gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimode fibered photodetectors for high-power high-speed applications beyond 10 Gb/s (2007)

We report the development of top illuminated InGaAs photodetectors pigtailed to 50 &mgr;m core multimode (MM) fibers. These PIN diodes, in conjunction with low dispersion graded index MM fibers, allow for low cost and rugged solutions for high speed digital and analog applications. Our PIN diodes have previously demonstrated high optical power handling capability at large signal bandwidths. Coupled with large collection efficiency of MM fibers, these devices are suitable for a diverse range of systems, including avionics, ultra-fast Ethernet, radio over fiber, optical backplanes and free space laser links. The effect of the MM fiber's transfer function and fiber misalignment on the photodetector response is addressed. The spatial and temporal filtering effects of the MM fiber and the photodiode are explored experimentally through a 40 Gb/s link. Enhancement in photodiode linearity due to MM fiber is also reported.
P2Y Receptors: Focus on Structural, Pharmacological and Functional Aspects in the Brain (2007)

Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides have been identified as potent extracellular signalling molecules, acting at two classes of cell surface receptors, ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptor (-R) types. Hitherto eight subtypes of the P2Y-R family have been cloned from mammalian species that exhibit sensitivity to the adenine nucleotides ATP/ADP (P2Y(1,11,12,13)), the uracil nucleotides UTP/UDP (P2Y(2,4,6) or UDP-glucose in the case of P2Y(14)) or both adenine and uracil nucleotides (P2Y(2)). The P2Y-Rs are G protein-coupled receptors activating phospholipase C via Galpha(q/11) protein and stimulating or inhibiting adenylyl cyclase via Galpha(s) and Galpha (i/o) proteins, respectively. These receptors may activate distinct signalling cascades. Although classical models predict that P2Y-Rs exist in the cell membrane as monomers, homo- or heterodimeric assemblies may be generated. Interactions with certain ion channels or ligand-gated receptors as well as the co-localization of several receptor subtypes in the same cell provide the basis for a high functional diversity. The proteins for various P2Y-Rs are expressed early in the embryonic brain and are broadly distributed on both, neurons and astroglial cells. P2Y-R involvement in the regulation of normal physiological processes on the cellular level or in vivo, such as modulation of transmitter release, generation of astroglial Ca(2+) waves, in diverse effects on behavioural functions and in the etiopathology of neurodegenerative diseases, are discussed and own data are presented. However, the exact understanding of the role of individual P2Y-R subtypes is still limited. Concerning the potentially important functions of P2Y-Rs, there is a strong need to develop stable, lipophilic and subtype-selective P2Y-R ligands, which may open new therapeutic strategies.
Temporarily-Aware Context Modeling Using Generative Adversarial Networks for Speech Activity Detection (2020)

This paper presents a novel framework for Speech Activity Detection (SAD). Inspired by the recent success of multi-task learning approaches in the speech processing domain, we propose a novel joint learning framework for SAD. We utilise generative adversarial networks to automatically learn a loss function for joint prediction of the frame-wise speech/ non-speech classifications together with the next audio segment. In order to exploit the temporal relationships within the input signal, we propose a temporal discriminator which aims to ensure that the predicted signal is temporally consistent. We evaluate the proposed framework on multiple public benchmarks, including NIST OpenSAT’ 17, AMI Meeting and HAVIC, where we demonstrate its capability to outperform state-of-the-art SAD approaches. Furthermore, our cross-database evaluations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed approach across different languages, accents, and acoustic environments.
The Binding of Peptides and Proteins to Membranes Containing Anionic Lipid (1994)

The interaction of proteins with lipids is one of the central problems of membrane biophysics. Of particular interest is that some proteins require a distinct category of lipids for their function. For example, several functionally related groups of proteins that interact preferentially with acidic lipids were discovered in recent years. They include vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation proteins (Jackson and Nemerson, 1980), annexins (Geisow et al., 1987), calpactins (Glenney, 1986), synexins (Creutz et al., 1983), the protein kinase C family (Nishizuka, 1989), and actin-severing or actin-cap-ping proteins (Stossel, 1989). Many other proteins, particularly enzymes, also require acidic lipids for activation (Cornell, 1991; Enyedi et al., 1987; Moritz et al., 1992). There are excellent reviews available on many of the particular groups of proteins that interact with acidic lipids (Geisow et al., 1987; Glenney, 1986; Jackson and Nemerson, 1980; Stossel, 1989). Therefore, we decided to focus this chapter on the roles played by acidic lipids in lipid-protein interactions. For the sake of clarity, we used a limited number of examples to describe the four distinct functions performed by acidic lipids. We also review recent models of the mechanism of acidic lipid-protein interaction.
The single supratentorial lesion (1980)

The role of preoperative diagnostic test was evaluated in 210 adult patients with single supratentorial lesions demonstrated by computerized tomography. At craniotomy, 59.5% of these patients proved to have primary brain tumors, 36.2% had metastatic tumors, and 4.3% had non-neoplastic lesions. In 23 (11%) of these patients, a single brain metastasis was the first manifestation of a systemic cancer. The primary site of cancer was identified in 14 patients (10 in the lung, three in the kidney, and one in the colon), and in nine patients the primary site could not be established. Using simple conditional probability theory, we established that the probability of a metastatic lesion in patients without a history of previously treated cancer is about 7%, if their chest x-ray film and intravenous pyelogram (IVP) are negative. Extensive preoperative testing to try to establish a primary site is unrewarding if the chest x-ray film and IVP are negative, since these are the only sites likely to be identified in these patients. In patients with a history of previously treated cancer, thest tests are justified because they have prognostic value in determining treatment.
A new driving waveform for improving luminous efficiency in AC PDP with large sustain gap under high Xe content (2006)

A new driving waveform is proposed to improve the luminous efficiency of alternating current (ac) plasma display panel with a large sustain gap (400 /spl mu/m) structure under a high Xe (15%) gas mixture. Due to the large sustain gap structure, the reset waveform was modified based on Vt close curve analysis to produce the surface discharge between the scan and sustain electrodes by applying the negative bias voltage on the sustain electrode during a ramp-up period. During a sustain period, the sustain waveforms with two different voltage polarities, i.e., positive and negative voltage levels, were applied, thus resulting in producing an efficient discharge by accumulating the wall charges uniformly among the three electrodes. As a result of adopting the proposed driving waveform, the luminance of 330 cd/m/sup 2/ and luminous efficiency of 4.5 lm/W under the sustain voltage of 210 V and the trigger voltage of 160 V were obtained in the 6-in plasma display panel (PDP) with green phosphors under a large sustain gap (400 /spl mu/m) and a high Xe (15%) gas mixture.
Collecting Labels for Rare Anomalies via Direct Human Feedback—An Industrial Application Study (2019)

Many systems rely on the expertise from human operators, who have acquired their knowledge through practical experience over the course of many years. For the detection of anomalies in industrial settings, sensor units have been introduced to predict and classify such anomalous events, but these critically rely on annotated data for training. Lengthy data collection campaigns are needed, which tend to be combined with domain expert annotations of the data afterwards, resulting in costly and slow process. This work presents an alternative by studying live annotation of rare anomalous events in sensor streams in a real-world manufacturing setting by experienced human operators that can also observe the machinery itself. A prototype for visualization and in situ annotation of sensor signals is developed with embedded unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms to propose signals for annotation and which allows the operators to give feedback on the detection and classify anomalous events. This prototype allowed assembling a corpus of several weeks of sensor data measured in a real manufacturing surrounding and was annotated by domain experts as an evaluation basis for this study. The evaluation of live annotations reveals high user motivation after getting accustomed to the labeling prototype. After this initial period, clear anomalies with characteristic signal patterns are detected reliably in visualized envelope signals. More subtle signal deviations were less likely to be confirmed an anomaly due to either an insufficient visibility in envelope signals or the absence of characteristic signal patterns.
<title>Effect of SRS on pilot-tone-based monitoring technique in DWDM optical communication system</title> (2002)

Optical performance monitoring is an import issue for the design, operation and maintenance of optical transport networks (OTN). Pilot tone detection is one of the monitoring techniques used in all-optical WDM networks [1]. This technique is very simple and could monitor both the optical paths and switch failures in a large-scale WDM transport networks. But the effect of Stimulated Roman Scattering (SRS) could product ghost tone that will suppress the capability of pilot-tone based monitoring technique. We give a simple model to analyze the effects of Stimulated Raman Scattering on pilot-tone base WDM supervisory technique.
The Kidney in Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation (2010)

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are complications often encountered in the setting of critical illness. Both forms of end-organ injury commonly occur in similar settings of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, shock, and evolving multiple organ dysfunction. Distant organ effects of apparently isolated injuries to the lungs, gut, and kidneys have all been discovered in recent years. In this review of the emerging evidence of deleterious bidirectional organ crosstalk between the lungs and kidney, we will focus on the role of ventilator-induced kidney injury in the pathogenesis of AKI in patients with ALI.
In situvisualization of peroxisomal peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride using a new two-photon fluorescent probe (2019)

We developed a new two-photon fluorescent probe (PX-1) with high selectivity and sensitivity for detecting peroxisomal peroxynitrite. PX-1 was successfully applied to in situ imaging of peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride.
Biotinylation of reactive amino groups in native recombinant human interleukin-1β (1989)

Recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) was chemically modified by a 10-fold molar excess (reagent:protein) of sulfosuccinimidyl 6-(biotinamido) hexanoate (sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin) or sulfosuccinimidobiotin (sulfo-NHS-biotin) under mild conditions. The primary product was purified in each case by cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and digested with endoproteinase Lys C. Peptide mapping by C18 reverse phase HPLC permitted identification of three sites of biotinylation using both reagents; N-terminal alanine, lysine 93, and lysine 94. Few additional singly modified rIL-1 beta products were obtained under these conditions, despite the presence of 15 lysine residues in this protein. These data support the view that the N terminus as well as the trilysine sequence (residues 92-94) are readily susceptible to chemical modification and are exposed on the surface of the protein. Chromatography of intact biotinylated rIL-1 beta by C4 reverse phase HPLC resolved a protein modified exclusively at the N-terminal alanine from two proteins modified singly at either lysine 93 or lysine 94. In addition, a protein product modified at lysine 103 was also obtained when rIL-1 beta was similarly modified with sulfo-NHS-biotin. Since the only difference between the two biotinylation reagents relates to spacer length and its associated hydrophobicity, these data suggest that lysine 103 is not as accessible to surface modification reagents as are lysine 93, lysine 94, or alanine 1. Initial experiments indicate that none of the modifications described above decrease thymocyte proliferation by more than one order of magnitude. Therefore, these amino acid residues are not crucial for bioactivity, and we anticipate the use of these monobiotinylated proteins in structure/function analysis of IL-1 beta.
Abstract 11940: Does Mixing Matter? Is This the Final Device Hurdle for Mri Patients? (2022)

Introduction: Over the last decade substantial efforts have been aimed at improving acceptability of pacemakers and ICDs in the MRI. Many labs have evaluated the construction, safety, efficacy, reproducibility and more recently, clinical impact value in such legacy devices. In parallel, there has been extensive effort by major vendors to develop safe MRI compatible devices. To date, there remains few reasons for hesitation in universal use of any PM/ICD in the MRI bore. However, mixing vendor leads and generators remains a major hurdle limiting MRI usage. Hypothesis: Mixed leads and generators has no distinct safety signal from common devices; whether CIED or non-CIED. Methods: We undertook a retrospective DB analysis to determine safety signals in those pts possessing mixed vendor leads and devices. Comparisons of impedance, amplitude, threshold and battery voltage and patient safety etc. were performed. Results: Pts from 5/2010 to 5/2022, representing 1739 pts with CIED (81%) and non-CIED (19%) underwent an MRI in a dedicated CMR Lab. The majority of the mixed cohort were obtained from the non-CIED population (&gt;98%), not having need for generator replacement. Accordingly, 11% of these underwent an MRI to include: 73% neurologic, 8% orthopedic and 19% cardiac indications. In comparison of safety signals between standard and mixed lead/generator implants, there were no differences in any implant parameters either pre-MRI study or post-interrogation (p=NS). Similarly, there were no peri-MRI pt events or reported in the 30d and 180d post-MRI scan (p=NS). Importantly, especially for EP considerations, there were no added complications to interrogations. Moreover, utilizing a similar approach to manipulation of MRI parameters for maximum safety intrinsic to dependent/non-dependent PM status was employed regardless of lead/generator configuration yielding no complications. Conclusions: Employing a similar approach to MRI scanning in those pts with mixed vendor lead/generator configurations yielded no difference in a multitude of safety, interrogation, devices and efficacy parameters. This reassurance suggests, despite inherent incompatibility concerns between vendors while in the magnetic field, no such fears are truly warranted.
Air−Sea Exchange Fluxes of Synthetic Polycyclic Musks in the North Sea and the Arctic (2007)

Synthetic polycyclic musk fragrances Galaxolide (HHCB) and Tonalide (AHTN) were measured simultaneously in air and seawater in the Arctic and the North Sea and in the rural air of northern Germany. Median concentrations of gas-phase HHCB and AHTN were 4 and 18 pg m(-3) in the Arctic, 28 and 18 pg m(-3) in the North Sea, and 71 and 21 pg m(-3) in northern Germany, respectively. Various ratios of HHCB/AHTN implied that HHCB is quickly removed by atmospheric degradation, while AHTN is relatively persistent in the atmosphere. Dissolved concentrations ranged from 12 to 2030 pg L(-1) for HHCB and from below the method detection limit (3 pg L(-1)) to 965 pg L(-1) for AHTN with median values of 59 and 23 pg L(-1), respectively. The medians of volatilization fluxes for HHCB and AHTN were 27.2 and 14.2 ng m(-2) day(-1) and the depositional fluxes were 5.9 and 3.3 ng m(-2) day(-1), respectively, indicating water-to-air volatilization is a significant process to eliminate HHCB and AHTN from the North Sea. In the Arctic, deposition fluxes dominated the air-sea gas exchange of HHCB and AHTN, suggesting atmospheric input controls the levels of HHCB and AHTN in the polar region.
Speech signal enhancement based on deep learning in distributed acoustic sensing (2023)

The fidelity of a speech signal deteriorates severely in a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system due to the influence of the random noise. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, we have theoretically and experimentally compared and analyzed the performance of the speech signal with and without a recognition and reconstruction method-based deep learning technique. A complex convolution recurrent network (CCRN) algorithm based on complex spectral mapping is constructed to enhance the information identification of speech signals. Experimental results show that the random noise can be suppressed and the recognition capability of speech information can be strengthened by the proposed method. The random noise intensity of a speech signal collected by the DAS system is attenuated by approximately 20 dB and the average scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio (SI-SDR) is improved by 51.97 dB. Compared with other speech signal enhancement methods, the higher SI-SDR can be demonstrated by using the proposed method. It has been effective to accomplish high-fidelity and high-quality speech signal enhancement in the DAS system, which is a significant step toward a high-performance DAS system for practical applications.
Experimental implementation of a three-party quantum key distribution protocol (2006)

We present a proof-of-principle experimental implementation of provably secure three-party quantum key distribution. The protocol's security relies on the quantum correlations of GHz states but it is implemented using bipartite entanglement.
A Methodology to Investigate the Dynamic Characteristics of ESP Hydraulic Units - Part II: Hardware-In-the-Loop Tests (2006)

Abstract- The paper deals with the Hardware-In-the-Loop based methodology which was adopted to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of Electronic Stability Program (ESP) and Electro-Hydraulic Brake (EHB) system components. Firstly, it permits the identification of the time delays due to the hardware of the actuation system. Secondly, the link between the hardware of the hydraulic unit and a vehicle model running in real time permits the objective evaluation of the performance induced by the single components of different hydraulic units in terms of vehicle dynamics. The second part of this paper suggests the Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) tests which can be adopted to evaluate the influence exerted by the hydraulic hardware of the brake system on vehicle dynamics and handling.
Evaluation of insecticides for control of the vetch bruchid, Bruchus brachialis Fahraeus, on vetch (1963)

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Novel fidaxomicin antibiotics through site-selective catalysis (2021)

Fidaxomicin (FDX) is a marketed antibiotic for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). Fidaxomicin displays antibacterial properties against many Gram-positive bacteria, yet the application of this antibiotic is currently limited to treatment of CDI. Semisynthetic modifications present a promising strategy to improve its pharmacokinetic properties and also circumvent resistance development by broadening the structural diversity of the derivatives. Here, based on a rational design using cryo-EM structural analysis, we implement two strategic site-selective catalytic reactions with a special emphasis to study the role of the carbohydrate units. Site-selective introduction of various ester moieties on the noviose as well as a Tsuji-Trost type rhamnose cleavage allow the synthesis of novel fidaxomicin analogs with promising antibacterial activities against C. difficile and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Formulation, Phafmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Fast Releasing Compressed Propranolol. HCL Suppositories (1993)

Fast releasing compressed propranolol HCl suppositories were developed and evaluated for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic performances and compared the results with those obtained after oral administration of a commercial tablet in rabbits. Two disintegrants, microcrystalline cellulose and primogel had significantly influenced the in vitro drug release from suppositories without affecting the in vivo profiles. The differences in various pharmacokinetic parameters were significant (p < 0.01) for oral and rectal administration and were insignificant (p >0.05) among the three suppository formulations evaluated. Drug was rapidly absorbed from the suppositories with more than 3 fold increase in bioavailability following rectal administration. Cmax of about 140 ng/ml and 49 ng/ml was observed after rectal and oral administrations with the corresponding β-blockade of more than 95% and about 58% respectively. A relationship for log plasma concentration Vs%β-blockade was established for orally and rectally administered propranolol HCl.
Impact of Donor Stem Cell Mobilization Reactions on Reduced Intensity Haploidentical HCT Outcomes in Miniature Swine (2012)

Introduction: Toxicities and complications associated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) currently limit this potentially curative therapy for malignant and non-malignant blood disorders. Miniature swine provide a clinically relevant model for studies to improve HCT outcomes. Miniature swine recipients of high-dose haploidentical HCT following reduced intensity conditioning can successfully engraft without GVHD. Recently, we have observed a wide variability in engraftment outcomes in this model that correlate with the occurrence of adverse reactions in the donor following cytokine mobilization at the time of hematopoietic cell donation. Methods: Swine received haploidentica HCTs consisting of low-dose (100cGy) total body irradiation (TBI), partial T-cell depletion using a CD3-immunotoxin and a 45 day course of Cyclosporine A. Results: Haploidentical HCT recipients (n=12) of cells from donors remaining healthy during cytokine mobilization, engrafted with multilineage chimerism, did not develop GVHD and did not require any blood product support. In comparison, identically conditioned recipients of cells from donors that had severe reactions during cytokine mobilization had adverse outcomes, including the development of clinically significant thrombocytopenia (< 100,000 PLT/uL), requiring blood product support in 8 of 12 animals. Furthermore, 11 of 12 recipients lost peripheral blood myeloid chimerism (an indication of lack of donor stem cell engraftment). Conclusions: These data suggest that HCT outcomes including post-transplant complications can be greatly influenced by the health status of the donor prior to and during collection of cells by leukapheresis.