gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a Motorway Simulator for Vehicular Multimedia Communications (2008)

To provision various multimedia communication services with guaranteed quality to motorway drivers and future autonomous vehicles, substantial work is required to analyze the characteristics of vehicular traffic profiles on the motorways. To this end, in this paper, we first analyze some real vehicular traffic data taken from an inductive loop on the motorway 'M4' in Wales over the last 5 years, and then developed our own simulator to simulate various vehicular traffic scenarios where vehicles access a wireless local area network (WLAN) base station (BS) to send or receive multimedia traffic. The access to the base station is managed by a modified version of the packet reservation multiple access (PRMA) protocol (Goodman, 1989) which we have integrated into the simulator. Finally we introduce an analytical model for this medium access control (MAC) protocol to evaluate the quality-of-service (QoS) required for multimedia traffic.
Shallow B-implanted Emitters with Laser Overdoping from AlOx Passivating Layers (2015)

A simple process for the fabrication of selective emitter structures on n-PERT cells is investigated, using shallow Boron emitters obtained by ion implantation. By tuning the emitter doping process parameters, J 0e values as low as 10 fA.cm -2 have been obtained with highly resistive profiles. Laser overdoping processes from AlO x passivating layers are tested on these profiles to locally increase the emitter conductivity and allow better contact properties. Through this process the emitter sheet resistance and doping profile may be locally controlled with a limited impact on the J 0e values.
A short and facile synthetic route to hydroxylated flavones. New syntheses of apigenin, tricin, and luteolin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA short and facile synthetic route to hydroxylated flavones. New syntheses of apigenin, tricin, and luteolinDhanapalan Nagarathnam and Mark CushmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 16, 4884–4887Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00016a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00016a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views907Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A separable fluid connector system effectiveness evaluation technique (1974)

An analytical technique is presented for evaluating the relationship among existing numerous separable fluid connector designs to find that configuration which is best (optimal). The data utilized in this research was acquired from approximately 900 flanges designed for six sub-systems of the S-1B stage of the Saturn 1B Space Vehicle. The method is general enough to be useful in optimizing design and systematizing decision-making in a variety of related technical fields.
Supplementary figure 3 from High-Fat Diet-Induced Complement Activation Mediates Intestinal Inflammation and Neoplasia, Independent of Obesity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S3. HFD induces generation of C5a independent of obesity status.&lt;/p&gt;
OS2.2 Paracrine impairment of antitumor T cell immunity by IDH1-mutant gliomas (2016)

response to TMZ involving different classes of RNAs, both coding and noncoding.
Photooxidation of Chlorophyll b by Quinones Studied by Chemically-Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (1973)

The photooxidation of chlorophyll b by 1,4-benzoquinone and 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone was investigated by the technique of chemically-induced dynamic nuclear polarization. Polarization of the proton magnetic resonance lines of the quinone was detected. A mechanism for the photooxidation was postulated that invokes the reaction of the quinone with the excited singlet state of the chlorophyll to form a radical pair. This mechanism, together with a theoretical model and parameters taken from the literature, yields a theoretical proton magnetic resonance spectrum for the polarized quinone that agrees well with that observed experimentally.
Sex, Prescribing Practices and Guideline Recommended, Blood Pressure, and LDL Cholesterol Targets at Baseline in the BARI 2D Trial (2015)

Background. Research has shown less aggressive treatment and poorer control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women than men. Methods. We analyzed sex differences in pharmacotherapy strategies and attainment of goals for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes and established coronary artery disease enrolled into the BARI 2D trial. Results. Similar numbers of drugs were prescribed in both women and men. Women were less frequent on metformin or sulfonylurea and more likely to take insulin and to be on higher doses of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) than men. After adjusting for baseline differences and treatment prescribed, women were less likely to achieve goals for HbA1c (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.57, 0.88) and LDL-C (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.53, 0.78). More antihypertensives were prescribed to women, and yet BP ≤ 130/80 mmHg did not differ by sex. Conclusions. Women entering the BARI 2D trial were as aggressively treated with drugs as men. Despite equivalent treatment, women less frequently met targets for HbA1c and LDL-C. Our findings suggest that there may be sex differences in response to drug therapies used to treat diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
Inheritance and QTL mapping of cucumber mosaic virus resistance in cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) (2018)

The commercial yield of cucurbit crops infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) severely decreases. Chemical treatments against CMV are not effective; therefore, genetic resistance is considered the primary line of defense. Here, we studied resistance to CMV in cucumber inbred line '02245' using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population generated from a cross between '65G' and '02245' as susceptible and resistant parents, respectively. Genetic analysis revealed that CMV resistance in cucumber is quantitatively inherited. Analysis of the RIL population revealed that a quantitative trait locus (QTL) was found on chromosome 6; named cmv6.1, this QTL was delimited by SSR9-56 and SSR11-177 and explained 31.7% of the phenotypic variation in 2016 and 28.2% in 2017. The marker SSR11-1, which is close to the locus, was tested on 78 different cucumber accessions and found to have an accuracy of 94% in resistant and moderately resistant lines but only 67% in susceptible lines. The mapped QTL was delimited within a region of 1,624.0 kb, and nine genes related to disease resistance were identified. Cloning and alignment of the genomic sequences of these nine genes between '65G' and '02245' revealed that Csa6M133680 had four single-base substitutions within the coding sequences (CDSs) and two single-base substitutions in its 3'-untranslated region, and the other eight genes showed 100% nucleotide sequence identity in their exons. Expression pattern analyses of Csa6M133680 in '65G' and '02245' revealed that the expression levels of Csa6M133680 significantly differed between '65G' and '02245' at 80 h after inoculation with CMV and that the expression in '02245' was 4.4 times greater than that in '65G'. The above results provide insights into the fine mapping and marker-assisted selection in cucumber breeding for CMV resistance.
Metaheuristics-Assisted Combinatorial Screening of Eu2+-Doped Ca–Sr–Ba–Li–Mg–Al–Si–Ge–N Compositional Space in Search of a Narrow-Band Green Emitting Phosphor and Density Functional Theory Calculations (2017)

A metaheuristics-based design would be of great help in relieving the enormous experimental burdens faced during the combinatorial screening of a huge, multidimensional search space, while providing the same effect as total enumeration. In order to tackle the high-throughput powder processing complications and to secure practical phosphors, metaheuristics, an elitism-reinforced nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), was employed in this study. The NSGA-II iteration targeted two objective functions. The first was to search for a higher emission efficacy. The second was to search for narrow-band green color emissions. The NSGA-II iteration finally converged on BaLi<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> phosphors in the Eu<sup>2+</sup>-doped Ca-Sr-Ba-Li-Mg-Al-Si-Ge-N compositional search space. The BaLi<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> phosphor, which was synthesized with no human intervention via the assistance of NSGA-II, was a clear single phase and gave an acceptable luminescence. The BaLi<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> phosphor as well as all other phosphors that appeared during the NSGA-II iterations were examined in detail by employing powder X-ray diffraction-based Rietveld refinement, X-ray absorption near edge structure, density functional theory calculation, and time-resolved photoluminescence. The thermodynamic stability and the band structure plausibility were confirmed, and more importantly a novel approach to the energy transfer analysis was also introduced for BaLi<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> phosphors.
Synthetic recombinase-based state machines in living cells (2016)

State machines underlie the sophisticated functionality behind human-made and natural computing systems that perform order-dependent information processing. We developed a recombinase-based framework for building state machines in living cells by leveraging chemically controlled DNA excision and inversion operations to encode states in DNA sequences. This strategy enables convenient readout of states (by sequencing and/or polymerase chain reaction) as well as complex regulation of gene expression. We validated our framework by engineering state machines in Escherichia coli that used one, two, or three chemical inputs to control up to 16 DNA states. These state machines were capable of recording the temporal order of all inputs and performing multi-input, multi-output control of gene expression. We also developed a computational tool for the automated design of gene regulation programs using recombinase-based state machines. Our scalable framework should enable new strategies for recording and studying how combinational and temporal events regulate complex cell functions and for programming sophisticated cell behaviors.
Extracellular Enzymes with Immunomodulating Activities: Variations on a Theme inStreptococcus pyogenes (2003)

In order to successfully colonize or invade a host, microorganisms need mechanisms to escape recognition by the immune system or to modulate the responses directed against the infecting agent. Streptococcus pyogenes produces a number of extracellular enzymes, several of which interact with the host
Growth and Dislocation Structure of Single-Crystal Ga (As1−xPx) (1965)

The preparation of single-crystal GaAsP by halide vapor transport is described. That dislocation free GaAsP can be achieved was verified experimentally for whiskers grown by the vapor-liquid-solid method. In the growth of monocrystalline ingots for device purposes, growth mechanics and the resulting crystal habit are strongly influenced by degenerate Zn, Te, and Se doping. Since n-type crystals require higher supersaturations, single-crystal growth is easier to obtain with Zn doping. The as-grown dislocation structure of ingots with low-index natural facets is examined by decoration and etching. Typical densities are 5×103 to 106/cm2. From their simple crystallographic orientations different dislocations are identified. 〈211〉, {111} and 〈100〉, {110} edge dislocations are observed in {110} polygonization walls. Values of mobility and carrier density are evaluated from a device point of view. Laser diodes with threshold currents as low as 3000 A/cm2 at 33.3% GaP have been obtained from this material.
In Vitro Study to Recognize the Optimum Conditions Affecting the Endophytic Cellulase Production (2018)

In this study traditional microbiological isolation techniques were used to recognize cellulolytic activity of most potent isolates. The iso- Functional studies were carried out to determine the optimum pH, temperature, incubation period, inoculum size, carbon and nitrogen sources for screened isolate. High cellulase producing endophytic bacteria Achromobacter spanius, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from leaves, stems and roots of; Clover, Wheat, Lettuce, Spinach, Vicia Faba, Garlic, Dill, Olive, Acacia and Prosopis trees were subjected to controlled conditions in laboratory. Tested factors which believed to be effective on improving growth conditions werestudied in vitro to achieve the highest production of cellulase enzyme. The highest values of cellulase were produced by Achromobacter spanius (2.50 mg/ml) followed by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (2.26 mg/ml) after 6 days of incubation. The optimum conditions resulted in optimum cellulase production were 30°C at pH 6 for Achromobacter and Bacilluswhile the optimum conditions for Stenotrophomonas was 40°C at pH 7. Isolates produced the highest values of cellulase with ammonium sulphate and 30 g/l glucose as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively. Achromobacter was more effective in producing cellulase than Bacillus and Stenotrophomonas. This was true under all the tested conditions.
Subungual Melanoma (2000)

From 1970 to 1996, 93 patients received diagnoses of subungual melanoma. Followup data were complete on all patients and reviewed with a median duration of followup of 5.2 years. This study identifies significant clinicopathologic variables that affect survival and provides the orthopaedic surgeon assistance in the early diagnosis and treatment of this lesion. Eight-three percent of patients presented with Stage I disease, whereas 17% had nodal or distant disease. Fifty-three percent had locally advanced disease at presentation. Twelve percent of the patients were African-American. Fifty-five percent of the lesions arose on the hands with thumb involvement predominating in more than half of these cases. Operative therapy consisted of amputation. Elective lymph node dissection was performed in 34 patients (37%) for Stage I tumors of intermediate thickness. Therapeutic node dissection was required in 16 patients (17%) for positive nodes. Five-year survival was 74% for patients with Stage I disease and 40% for patients with Stage II disease. Statistical analysis identified stage at diagnosis, Clark and Wihm's level, the patient's race, and the presence of ulceration as prognostic variables affecting survival. The diagnosis of subungual melanoma carries a grave prognosis and often is misdiagnosed in the early stages. The treatment of choice is amputation at the appropriate level.
Autoantibody Responses to Apolipoprotein A-I Are Not Diet- or Sex-Linked in C57BL/6 Mice (2020)

Atherosclerosis is responsible for a large percentage of all-cause mortality worldwide, but it is only now beginning to be understood as a complex disease process involving metabolic insult, chronic inflammation, and multiple immune mechanisms. Abs targeting apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) have been found in patients with cardiovascular disease, autoimmune conditions, as well as those with no documented history of either. However, relatively little is known about how these Abs are generated and their relationship to diet and sex. In the current study, we modeled this aspect of autoimmunity using anti-ApoA-I immunization of male and female C57BL/6 mice. Unexpectedly, we found that autoantibodies directed against a single, previously unknown, epitope within the ApoA-I protein developed irrespective of immunization status or dyslipidemia in mice. When total IgG subclasses were analyzed over the course of time, we observed that rather than driving an increase in inflammatory IgG subclasses, consumption of Western diet suppressed age-dependent increases in IgG2b and IgG2c in male mice only. The lack of change observed in female mice suggested that diet and sex might play a combined role in Th1/Th2 balance and, ultimately, in immunity to pathogen challenge. This report demonstrates the need for inclusion of both sexes in studies pertaining to diet and aging and suggests that further study of immunogenic epitopes present in ApoA-I is warranted.
Combining Crystallography and Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange to Study Galectin–Ligand Complexes (2015)

The physiological significance arising from translating information stored in glycans into cellular effects explains the interest in structurally defining lectin-carbohydrate recognition. The relatively small set of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins in chicken makes this system attractive to study the origins of specificity and divergence. Cell binding by using glycosylation mutants reveals binding of the N-terminal domain of chicken galectin-8 (CG-8N) to α-2,3-sialylated and galactose-terminated glycan chains. Cocrystals with lactose and its 3'-sialylated derivative disclose Arg58 as a key contact for the carboxylic acid and differences in loop lengths to the three homodimeric chicken galectins. Monitoring hydrogen-deuterium exchange by mass spectrometry revealed an effective reduction of deuteration after ligand binding within the contact area. In addition, evidence for changes in solvent accessibility of amide protons beyond this site was obtained. Their detection, which highlights the sensor capacity of this technique, encourages systematic studies on galectins and beyond.
Clinical efficacy of Korean red ginseng for erectile dysfunction. (1995)

To investigate the efficacy in treating erectile dysfunction and to develop a natural drug without complications, the results of ginseng treatments are compared to placebo and other drug. A total of 90 patients with 30 patients in each group were closely followed. Changes in symptoms such as frequency of intercourse, premature ejaculation, and morning erections after treatment were not changed in all three groups (p > 0.05). However in the group receiving ginseng, changes in early detumescence and erectile parameters such as penile rigidity and girth, libido and patient satisfactions were significantly higher than that of other groups (p < 0.05). The overall therapeutic efficacies on erectile dysfunction were 60% for ginseng group and 30% for placebo and trazodone treated groups, statistically confirming the effect of ginseng (p < 0.05). No complete remission of erectile dysfunction was noted, but partial responses were reported. No cases of aggravation of symptoms were reported. AVS-penogram, which is a recording of penile hemodynamic changes during the natural erection after audiovisual erotic stimulation, is not changed after administration of ginseng. However if administered for a prolonged period of time, the cummulative effect on vascular flow might be seen. The administration of Korean red ginseng has shown to have superior effects compared to the placebo or trazodone. Definitely more researches are required to elucidate the mechanism of ginseng. The effects of saponin, extracted from ginseng, on smooth muscle of erectile tissues, can be evaluated using organ chamber or nitric oxide titration, thereby pinpointing the exact action mechanism of saponin. As more informations are available, possible breakthrough in treatment of erectile dysfunction could be arisen from active saponin extracted from red ginseng, bringing hopes to many sufferers of erectile dysfunction.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry Investigation of the Radical‐Scavenging Activity of α‐Tocopherol and Hydroquinone (2005)

Abstract To achieve an accurate assessment of the biological activity of antioxidants, their antioxidative activity needs to be measured at low oxygen tensions to mimic the low oxygen levels in living systems. The oxidation of α‐tocopherol (Toc) and hydroquinone (1,4‐benzendiole; HQ), which form carbon‐centered radicals, was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the polymerization of methyl methacrylates initiated by 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile at 70°C under nearly anaerobic conditions. Both compounds trapped approximately two radicals per molecule. The rate of inhibition of polymerization (chain propagation) was greater for HQ than for Toc. The values of the rate constant for hydrogen atom abstraction (kinh) for Toc and HQ were 3.45×103 M−1s−1 and 7.16×103 M−1s−1, respectively. The values for Toc were markedly lower than those previously determined under aerobic conditions. The ratio of the rate of chain inhibition to that of chain propagation was constant for Toc (1.84±0.14×10−3). However, the ratio for HQ was approximately twice that for Toc, suggesting that HQ suppressed propagation to a much greater extent. Our DSC method may be useful in evaluating the kinh values of other chain‐breaking antioxidants.
On the Many Actions of Ouabain: Pro-Cystogenic Effects in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (2017)

Ouabain and other cardenolides are steroidal compounds originally discovered in plants. Cardenolides were first used as poisons, but after finding their beneficial cardiotonic effects, they were rapidly included in the medical pharmacopeia. The use of cardenolides to treat congestive heart failure remained empirical for centuries and only relatively recently, their mechanisms of action became better understood. A breakthrough came with the discovery that ouabain and other cardenolides exist as endogenous compounds that circulate in the bloodstream of mammals. This elevated these compounds to the category of hormones and opened new lines of investigation directed to further study their biological role. Another important discovery was the finding that the effect of ouabain was mediated not only by inhibition of the activity of the Na,K-ATPase (NKA), but by the unexpected role of NKA as a receptor and a signal transducer, which activates a complex cascade of intracellular second messengers in the cell. This broadened the interest for ouabain and showed that it exerts actions that go beyond its cardiotonic effect. It is now clear that ouabain regulates multiple cell functions, including cell proliferation and hypertrophy, apoptosis, cell adhesion, cell migration, and cell metabolism in a cell and tissue type specific manner. This review article focuses on the cardenolide ouabain and discusses its various in vitro and in vivo effects, its role as an endogenous compound, its mechanisms of action, and its potential use as a therapeutic agent; placing especial emphasis on our findings of ouabain as a pro-cystogenic agent in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).