gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Hematopoietic Stem Cell to Erythroblast: Regulation of Red Cell Production At Multiple Levels (2011)

Abstract SCI-1 Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) undergo self-renewal and also generate all types of blood cells, including red cells, myeloid cells, and all immune system cells. Formation of red cells from HSC involves multiple cellular stages, including early erythroid-specific progenitors (burst-forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E]) that respond to several growth factors and an erythropoietin (Epo)-responsive progenitor, and the colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) that in 3 days generates ∼30 reticulocytes. In adult animals most CFU-E cells undergo apoptosis. A short-term need for red cells is met by increased Epo production by the kidney, which rescues increasing numbers of CFU-Es from apoptosis and increases red cell production over a few days. Chronic stress, such as in certain types of anemias and inflammatory diseases, leads to a marked increase in numbers of HSC and many types of progenitor cells. I will focus most of my talk on stress-triggered BFU-E proliferation and formation of CFU-Es, since our very recent work showed how glucocorticoids – an important class of stress hormones – as well as HIF-1α stimulate red cell production. Acting synergistically these allow ∼300 times more CFU-Es and erythroblasts to be formed from each BFU-E. More specifically, these molecules stimulate limited self-renewal of BFU-Es during cell division, thus maintaining progenitor immaturity and allowing over time increased numbers of CFU-E cells and thus mature red cells to be formed. This explains why certain corticosteroids are useful in treating some non-Epo responsive anemias, and I will present a molecular dissection of glucocorticoid and HIF-1α action on BFU-E progenitors that has led to the identification of genes critical for self-renewal and that suggest other possible avenues for treatment of chronic anemias. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Rat renal arcade segment expresses vasopressin-regulated water channel and vasopressin V2 receptor. (1996)

The arcades are long, branched renal tubules which connect deep and mid-cortical nephrons to cortical collecting ducts in the renal cortex. Because they are inaccessible by standard physiological techniques, their functions are poorly understood. In this paper, we demonstrate that the arcades are a site of expression of two proteins, aquaporin-2 (the vasopressin-regulated water channel) and the V2 vasopressin receptor, that are important to regulated water transport in the kidney. Using a peptide-derived polyclonal antibody to aquaporin-2, quantitative ELISA in microdissected segments showed that aquaporin-2 is highly expressed in arcades and that the expression is increased in response to restriction of fluid intake. Immunocytochemistry revealed abundant aquaporin-2 labeling of structures in the cortical labyrinth in a pattern similar to that of the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger and kallikrein, marker proteins expressed in arcades but not in cortical collecting ducts. RT-PCR experiments demonstrated substantial aquaporin-2 and V2 receptor mRNA in microdissected arcades. In situ hybridization, using 35S-labeled antisense cRNA probes for the V2 receptor demonstrated strong labeling of both arcades and cortical collecting ducts. Thus, these results indicate that the arcades contain the specific proteins associated with vasopressin-regulated water transport, and may be a heretofore unrecognized site of free water absorption.
Multiband Seamless Network Upgrade by Exploiting the E-band (2021)

We investigate the exploitation of the E-band in multi-band optical networks. A guard band of 14 THz is selected to isolate E- from C- and L-bands minimizing stimulated Raman scattering on already operating channels. Network simulations show double of supported traffic over the same infrastructure.
Phylogenetic Analysis of the MS4A and TMEM176 Gene Families (2010)

Our findings suggest that MS4A genes first appeared in cartilaginous fish with expression outside of the immune system, and have since diversified in many species into their modern forms with expression and function in both immune and nonimmune cells.
Electrochemistry of Iodide in Propylene Carbonate: II . Theoretical Model (1987)

An algorithm based on Duhamel's superposition integral is used to simulate cyclic voltammograms for iodide electrochemistry on platinum in propylene carbonate. The electrochemistry is represented by the reaction sequence
[Molecular aspects of high altitude respiration of birds. Hemoglobins of the striped goose (Anser indicus), the Andean goose, (Chloephaga melanoptera) and vulture (Gyps rueppellii)]. (1988)

Respiration of birds at high altitude and the structural adaptation of avian hemoglobins are studied. Applying the method of the "minimal biological distance", hemoglobins of closely related species were sequenced and compared with each other. Physiological measurements and sequence data show that adaptation to hypoxic stress can be interpreted as exchange of one amino acid. The structural aspects of the genetical data are discussed on the basis of the atomic model of hemoglobin. High-altitude respiration is not a general characteristic of birds: the adaptation to high altitudes is the result of a specific mutation, thus distinguishing a species from its closest relatives in the lowland.
A hybrid CDAC - threshold configuring SAR ADC in 28nm FDSOI CMOS (2017)

In this paper, a 9-bit 1.3 GS/s single channel SAR ADC is presented. In conventional SAR ADCs, the capacitive DAC size grows exponentially with respect to converter resolution. This results in both signal bandwidth and conversion speed reduction. The proposed architecture implements binary search through a redundant capacitive DAC for the 5 first MSBs and through programmable comparator thresholds for the remaining 4 LSBs. The DAC capacitance at the front-end remains small enough to achieve high sampling rate with increased input bandwidth. Two asynchronously clocked alternate comparators are used additionally to improve conversion speed. The ADC is designed and simulated in 28nm FD-SOI CMOS. It consumes 4.1 mW from a 1V supply, while achieving a SNDR of 52.1 dB and a Figure-of-Merit of 11.4 fJ/conversion-step.
Coaxial Electrospray of Curcumin-Loaded Microparticles for Sustained Drug Release (2015)

Curcumin exhibits superior anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and analgesic activities without significant side effects. However, clinical dissemination of this natural medicine is limited by its low solubility and poor bio-availability. To overcome this limitation, we propose to encapsulate curcumin in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) by an improved coaxial electrospray (CES) process. This process is able to generate a stable cone-jet mode in a wide range of operation parameters in order to produce curcumin-loaded PLGA MPs with a clear core-shell structure and a designated size of several micrometers. In order to optimize the process outcome, the effects of primary operation parameters such as the applied electric voltages and the liquid flow rates are studied systemically. In vitro drug release experiments are also carried out for the CES-produced MPs in comparison with those by a single axial electrospray process. Our experimental results show that the CES process can be effectively controlled to encapsulate drugs of low aqueous solubility for high encapsulation efficiency and optimal drug release profiles.
Some physiologically meaningful features obtained from the vectorcardiography (1991)

The nature of the information provided by the vectorcardiograph (VCG) is described, and the use of Fourier descriptors in VCG classification is discussed. The Fourier transform relation of the VCG loop, cardiac axis determination from Fourier descriptors, and PVC screening using Fourier descriptors are considered. To demonstrate the usefulness of the features discussed as a feature set for the classification process, two different data sets from the MIT/BIH database are serially analysed. The use of Fourier descriptors in 2-D template matching is also discussed.
Effect of Melatonin on Tau aggregation and Tau-mediated cell surface morphology (2019)

ABSTRACT Tau is the major neuronal protein involved in the stabilization of microtubule assembly. In Alzheimer’s disease, Tau self assembles to form intracellular protein aggregates, which are toxic to cells. Various methods have been tried and tested to restrain the aggregation of Tau. Most of the agents tested for this purpose have limitations in their effectiveness and availability to neuronal cells. We tested melatonin against in vitro Tau aggregation and observed its effect on membrane topology, tubulin network and Tau phosphorylation in neuro2a and N9 cell lines. The aggregation and conformation of Tau was determined by ThT fluorescence and CD spectroscopy respectively. The morphology of Tau aggregates in presence and absence of melatonin was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Melatonin was found to reduce the formation of higher order oligomeric structures without affecting the overall aggregation kinetics of Tau. Melatonin also modulates and helps to maintain membrane topology as evidenced by FE-SEM analysis. Overall, melatonin administration shows mild anti-aggregation and cytoprotective effects.
Distributed file allocation with consistency constraints (2003)

The resource allocation problem in distributed computing systems that have strict mutual consistency requirements is discussed. A model that incorporates the behavior of consistency control algorithms which ensure that mutual consistency of replicated data is preserved even when communication links of the computer network and/or computers on which the files reside fail is presented. The constrained resource allocation problem is formulated as a mixed nonlinear integer program. An efficient algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated in terms of its accuracy, efficiency and execution times, using a representative problem set.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Graphene oxide/nanometal composite membranes for nanofiltration: synthesis, mass transport mechanism, and applications (2019)

We reviewed the recent developments in graphene-based composite membranes and discussed their challenges in this paper.
The Capacity of Private Information Retrieval Under Arbitrary Collusion Patterns (2020)

We study the private information retrieval (PIR) problem under arbitrary collusion pattern for replicated databases. We find its capacity, which is the same as the capacity of the original PIR problem with the number of databases $N$ replaced by a number $S^*$. The number $S^*$ is the optimal solution to a linear programming problem that is a function of the collusion pattern. Hence, the collusion pattern affects the capacity of the PIR problem only through the number $S^*$.
Studies of rotor dynamics using a multibody simulation approach (2004)

The non-idealities in a rotor-bearing system may cause undesirable subcritical superharmonic resonances that occur when the rotating speed of the rotor is a fraction of the natural frequency of the system. These resonances arise partly from the non-idealities of the bearings. This study introduces a novel simulation approach that can be used to study the superharmonic vibrations of rotor-bearing systems. The superharmonic vibrations of complex rotor-bearing systems can be studied in an accurate manner by combining a detailed rotor and bearing model in a multibody simulation approach.&#13;\nThe research looks at the theoretical background of multibody formulations that can be used in the dynamic analysis of flexible rotors. The multibody formulations currently in use are suitable for linear deformation analysis only. However, nonlinear formulation may arise in high-speed rotor dynamics applications due to the cenrrifugal stiffening effect. For this reason, finite element formulations that can describe nonlinear deformation are also introduced in this work. The description of the elastic forces in the absolute nodal coordinate formulation is studied and improved. A ball bearing model that includes localized and distributed defects is developed in this study. This bearing model could be used in rotor dynamics or multibody code as an interface elements between the rotor and the supporting structure. The model includes descriptions of the nonlinear Hertzian contact deformation and the elastohydrodynamic fluid film.&#13;\nThe simulation approaches and models developed here are applied in the analysis of two example rotor-bearing systems. The first example is an electric motor supported by two ball bearings and the second is a roller test rig that consists of the tube roll of a paper machine supported by a hard-bearing-type balanceing machine. The simulation results are compared to the results available in literature as well as to those obtained by measuring the existing structure. In both practical examples, the comparison shows that the simulation model is capable of predicting the realistic responses of a rotor system. The simulation approaches developed in this work can be used in the analysis of the superharmonic vibrations of general rotor-bearing systems.
"Hot" for Warm Water Cooling (2012)

Liquid cooling is key to reducing energy consumption for this generation of supercomputers and remains on the roadmap for the foreseeable future. This is because the heat capacity of liquids is orders of magnitude larger than that of air and once heat has been transferred to a liquid, it can be removed from the datacenter efficiently. The transition from air to liquid cooling is an inflection point providing an opportunity to work collectively to set guidelines for facilitating the energy efficiency of liquid-cooled High Performance Computing (HPC) facilities and systems. The vision is to use non-compressor-based cooling, to facilitate heat re-use, and thereby build solutions that are more energy-efficient, less carbon intensive and more cost effective than their air-cooled predecessors. The Energy Efficient HPC Working Group is developing guidelines for warmer liquid-cooling temperatures in order to standardize facility and HPC equipment, and provide more opportunity for reuse of waste heat. This report describes the development of those guidelines.
Role of sterols in membranes (1974)

Abstract Sterols, or in rare cases structurally similar molecules, are biosynthesized or at least required by all eucaryotic organisms, as well as by many procaryotic ones, regardless of their status as plants, animals, or protista. This information, together with quantitative, structural, metabolic, and other data is reviewed. It is interpreted to mean that the primary role sterols play in nature is a nonmetabolic one as architectural components of membranes and that this role can be played, but less well, by other molecules which approximate the steroidal structure. The biosynthetic process should, therefore, and actually does not appear to be correlatable with this role, which, in turn, is correlatable with phylogenesis. The Δ 24 ‐reduction‐alkylation bifurcation, for instance appears to be interrelated profoundly with the evolutionary differentiation of the animal from the plant kingdom.
Different Folding States from the Same Protein Sequence Determine Reversible vs Irreversible Amyloid Fate (2021)

The propensity to self-assemble into amyloid fibrils with a shared cross-β architecture is a generic feature of proteins. Amyloid-related diseases affect millions of people worldwide, yet they are incurable and cannot be effectively prevented, largely due to the irreversible assembly and extraordinary stability of amyloid fibrils. Recent studies suggest that labile amyloids may be possible in certain proteins containing low-complexity domains often involved in the formation of subcellular membraneless organelles. Although the fundamental understanding of this reversible amyloid folding process is completely missing, the current view is that a given protein sequence will result in either irreversible, as in most of the cases, or reversible amyloid fibrils, as in few exceptions. Here we show that two common globular proteins, human lysozyme and its homologue from hen egg white, can self-assemble into both reversible and irreversible amyloid fibrils depending on the folding path followed by the protein. In both folding states, the amyloid nature of the fibrils is demonstrated at the molecular level by its cross-β structure, yet with substantial differences on the mesoscopic polymorphism and the labile nature of the amyloid state. Structural analysis shows that reversible and irreversible amyloid fibrils possess the same full-length protein sequence but different fibril core structures and β-sheet arrangements. These results illuminate a mechanistic link between the reversible and irreversible nature of amyloids and highlight the central role of protein folding states in regulating the lability and reversibility of amyloids.
Electron-impact detachment fromCl− (2003)

Single-, double- and triple-electron-impact detachments from the ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ion have been investigated over a collision energy range of 0--95 eV. The experiment was performed at the ion storage ring CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory. The ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ions, produced in a sputter ion source, were injected into the ring and accelerated to 2.7 MeV. Thereafter the ions were merged with an electron beam. The electrons served to cool the ion beam. Then they were used as a partner in the electron-ion collisions. The products of the detachment processes, Cl atoms, ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{+},$ and ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{2+}$ ions, were detected after the interaction region with surface-barrier detectors. The shapes of the cross sections for the single, double, and triple detachments show striking similarities.
Arbovirus Infections among Laboratory Personnel in Ibadan, Nigeria (1981)

Laboratory-acquired infections encountered between 1963 and 1977 among personnel of the Virus Research Laboratory, Ibadan, Nigeria, are reported. Two cases of chikungunya infection occurred and one each with Dugbe, Wesselsbron, and dengue viruses. In each case, virus was isolated or development of antibody demonstrated. Among virus and two each to chikungunya and Rift Valley fever viruses, without experiencing any clinically recognized disease.
Task-sensitive cinematography interfaces for interactive 3D learning environments (1998)

Interactive 3D learning environments can provide rich problemsolving experiences with unparalleled visual impact. In these environments, students interactively solve problems by directing their avatars to navigate through complex worlds, transport entities from one location to another, and manipulate devices. However, realtime camera control is critical to their successful deployment. To create effective learning experiences, a virtual camera must in realtime “film” their activities in a manner that most clearly depicts the salient aspects of the tasks students are performing. To address this problem, we have developed the cinematic task modeling framework for automated realtime task-sensitive camera control in 3D environments. Cinematic task models dynamically map the intentional structure of users’ activities to visual structures that continuously depict the most relevant actions and objects in the environment. By exploiting cinematic task models, a cinematography interface to 3D learning environments can dynamically plan camera positions, view directions, and camera movements that help users perform their tasks. To investigate the effect of the cinematic task modeling framework on student-environment interactions, we have constructed a fullscale cinematography interface and a 3D learning environment testbed. Focus group studies suggest that task-sensitive camera planning significantly improves students’ interactions with complex 3D learning environments.
Disaster Management and GIS (2006)

Disaster management programs begin with locating and identifying potential emergency problems. Using a GIS, officials can pinpoint hazards and can evaluate the consequences of potential emergencies. GIS facilitates this process by allowing planners to view the appropriate combinations of spatial data through computer-generated maps. As potential emergency situations are identified, mitigation needs can be determined and prioritized. Disaster management team can begin to formulate mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery program needs. Availability of real time information, tailored software', distributed computing and real time analysis has facilitated the job of decision makers; and accordingly reduced the havoc which otherwise would have ensued. Updating of data through high resolution satellite imageries and use of disaster management software is discussed in detail whereas ground shaking has been considered as typical disaster scenario.
Biochemical changes associated with the use of haemodilution with 5% dextrose in water and mannitol for open-heart surgery (1967)

Many advantages are gained from the use of haemodilution in open-heart surgery. There is a lessened post-operative morbidity from bleeding, renal failure, and serum hepatitis. However, dilution with 5% dextrose in water is associated with a greater metabolic acidosis and a higher incidence of serious dysrhythmias than is pure blood. In order to elucidate the causes of these complications, 26 patients were studied using different degrees of haemodilution. The metabolic acidosis appeared to be mainly due to the dilution of blood buffer. Changes in electrolyte balance were more marked with greater dilution. The effects on serum sodium and chlorides were transient. The serum potassium level fell markedly during the post-operative phase and was associated with dysrhythmias. We believe that variation in potassium concentration is due to redistribution of potassium between the intracellular and extracellular phase as well as to an increased urinary excretion of potassium. The acidosis and hypokalaemia can be rapidly corrected by the administration of sodium bicarbonate and potassium. The changes in acid-base metabolism and electrolyte balance can possibly be prevented by suitably modifying the priming fluid.
Efficacy of Polydimethylsiloxane Injection to the Bladder Neck and Leaking Diverting Stoma for Urinary Continence (2004)

Injection to the bladder neck did not result in any cure and had a low improvement rate of 42%. BOMI is a good therapeutic option for patients with leakage from a diverting stoma. Although no perioperative complications were recorded, 2 patients had new dilatation of the upper tract on ultrasound. Hence, long-term followup is warranted.
Facile Deallylation Protocols for the Preparation of N‐Unsubstituted Triazoles and Tetrazoles. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.