gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gap between academia and industry to reduce female attrition from engineering (2017)

The number of women attending engineering schools is rapidly increasing each year. However, not as many women continue to pursue work in the engineering field. Studies have been done on understanding why females leave academia and industry and how to improve the environment in each. However, very little work has been reported on a method to bridge both environments together. In this paper, the events organized by the student group, Women in Science and Engineering (WISE), with alumni shows success in confidence building, networking, mentoring and forming life-long friendships. This in turn can help enhanced female retention in the field of engineering, whether in academia or in industry. Presented in this paper is a description of the W.I.S.E activities, lessons learned and results. Evaluations were done with participating students via interviews.
Intracellular polymerization of sickle hemoglobin. Effects of cell heterogeneity. (1983)

To determine the extent to which the broad distribution in intracellular hemoglobin concentrations found in sickle erythrocytes affects the extent of intracellular polymerization of hemoglobin S, we have fractionated these cells by density using discontinuous Stractan gradients. The amount of polymer formed in the subpopulations was experimentally measured as a function of oxygen saturation using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results for each subpopulation are in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions based on the current thermodynamic description for hemoglobin S gelation. We further demonstrate that the erythrocyte density profile for a single individual with sickle cell anemia can be used with the theory to predict the amount of polymer in unfractionated cells. We find that heterogeneity in intracellular hemoglobin concentration causes the critical oxygen saturation for formation of polymer to shift from 84 to greater than 90%; polymer is formed predominantly in the dense cells at the very high oxygen saturation values. The existence of polymer at arterial oxygen saturation values has significance for understanding the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia. The utility of these techniques for assessing various therapeutic strategies is discussed.
Laquinimod targets the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway in periphery and brains of naïve and EAE mice (P2.365) (2017)

To elucidate laquinimod’s broad molecular effects in a tissue-specific manner using a genome-wide approach.
PicToSeek: combining color and shape invariant features for image retrieval (2000)

We aim at combining color and shape invariants for indexing and retrieving images. To this end, color models are proposed independent of the object geometry, object pose, and illumination. From these color models, color invariant edges are derived from which shape invariant features are computed. Computational methods are described to combine the color and shape invariants into a unified high-dimensional invariant feature set for discriminatory object retrieval. Experiments have been conducted on a database consisting of 500 images taken from multicolored man-made objects in real world scenes. From the theoretical and experimental results it is concluded that object retrieval based on composite color and shape invariant features provides excellent retrieval accuracy. Object retrieval based on color invariants provides very high retrieval accuracy whereas object retrieval based entirely on shape invariants yields poor discriminative power. Furthermore, the image retrieval scheme is highly robust to partial occlusion, object clutter and a change in the object's pose. Finally, the image retrieval scheme is integrated into the PicToSeek system on-line at http://www.wins.uva.nl/research/isis/PicToSeek/ for searching images on the World Wide Web.
Isolation and Structures of Citreovirenone and Citreovirone (1986)

Abstract Two new metabolites (citreovirenone and citreovirone) have been isolated from the mycelium of Penicillium citreo-viride B. (IFO 4692) and their structures have also been elucidated on the basis of their spectral data coupled with some chemical evidence.
Diode Pumpable Rubidium Laser (2003)

A continuous-wave, three-level rubidium atom laser, operating on the 795 nm first (D1) resonance transition, has been demonstrated for the first time. Using a Titanium Sapphire laser as a pump source, a slope power efficiency of 54% was obtained, consistent with homogeneous broadening of the rubidium pump and laser transitions. The end-pumped rubidium laser performance was well described using literature spectroscopic and kinetic data in a model that takes into account ground level depletion and pump spectral bandwidth that is substantially larger than the collisionally broadened pump transition spectral width.
Figure S4 from Quantitative Whole Genome Sequencing of Circulating Tumor Cells Enables Personalized Combination Therapy of Metastatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Copy number analysis based on read coverage in all batches. Read data is plotted starting from Chr1 and ending at ChrX. Each sample is labeled on the right side of the plot. All CTC samples identify chr1q amplification, and chr13 and chr16q losses.&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of Thermal Residual Stress on Matrix Cracking Strain and Fracture Behavior of the Sintered SiC Fiber Reinforced SiO2-Mullite Composites (2004)

The sintered SiC fiber reinforced SiO2-mullite composites with matrix compositions, i.e., SiO2-3.7, 30, and 50 mol%Al2O3, had already been developed. In these composites, the thermal residual stress field changed with an increase in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the matrix accompanied by an increasing Al2O3 content (mullite volume fraction) in the matrices. A three-point flexural test was conducted for the composites at room temperature. The strain gauge method and AE monitoring were used to detect the matrix cracking strain during the test. The effect of the thermal residual stress on the matrix cracking strain and fracture behavior were investigated. The results are as follows.The matrix cracking strain observed in the composites with a higher tensile thermal residual stress in the matrix region parallel to the fiber axis was well predicted by the BHE theory. For the SiC fiber/SiO2-50 mol%Al2O3 composite, the first acoustic emission signal was detected just after the initial proportional limit of the stress-strain curve. For the other composites, the signals were detected below this limit. When the residual stress in the matrix region parallel to the fiber axis was compressive, the linear fracture behavior was found. On the contrary, the bi-linear fracture behavior was enhanced by the tensile residual stress in the matrix. This tendency agreed with the prediction method by Luh and Evans. The magnitude of the fracture energy obtained in each composite was qualitatively explained by the conventional theoretical formula.
Induction of heat shock protein 70 in the rat brain following intracisternal infusion of autologous blood: evaluation of acute neuronal damage (1999)

Object. Investigation into a potential treatment for the acute period following onset of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is hampered by the lack of a standardized experimental model. For that purpose the authors elaborated on a small-animal model in which computer-controlled intracisternal blood infusion is used and investigated whether this model can reliably reproduce acute neuronal injury after SAH. Methods. Whole autologous blood (blood-infused group) or isotonic saline (control group) was infused into the cisterna magna or olfactory cistern of rats. The infusions decreased exponentially during a 5-minute period. Throughout the infusion period, intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored. Neuronal injury was quantified by observing tissue immunoreactivity to a 70-kD heat shock protein (HSP70) and comparing this with the tissue's reaction to hematoxylin and eosin staining. On Days 1, 3, and 5, the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus were analyzed, respectively. During saline infusion ICP increased within seconds beyond 80 mm Hg and afterward decreased in accordance with the infusion rate. During the infusion of blood, the same initial pressure peak was found, but the ICP remained increased beyond this pressure level throughout the 5-minute infusion period. The HSP70 immunoreactivity in the saline-infused group was found only on Day 1 in the CA1 region and the dentate gyrus, but not in the CA3. After injection of whole blood, there was HSP70-positive staining in the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus regions throughout the observation period. Conclusions. The controlled cisternal infusion of blood caused neuronal injury that resembled that of previous experimental models that produce SAH by rupture of intracranial vessels with endovascular techniques. Unlike those experiments, the intracisternal infusion technique presented by the authors provides more standardized bleeding with regard to ICP, the volume of subarachnoid blood, and the extent of acute cellular injury.
A Novel α-Helix-Liked Metallohelicate Series and Their Structural Adjustments for the Isomorphous Substitution (2000)

A novel metallohelical motif is well designed and synthesized by mimicking the alpha-helical fold structure of protein. The 1D helical structures of [Cd(CH2(COO)2)(SC(NH2)2)2]n (I) and [Zn(CH2(COO)2) (SC(NH2)2)2]n (II) are primarily induced and stabilized by the multiple long-range intrahelix hydrogen bonds. Malonate dianion acts as a bidentate ligand coordinated with metal ions to form the backbone of the helix, and thiourea molecules that bend into the helical turn are involved in the intrahelix hydrogen-bond system. The metal ion occupations in the helix of I and II can be freely substituted by simply controlling the initial ratio of those two metal ions. Single crystals of three mixed metal ion complexes of [Cd0.77Zn0.23(CH2(COO)2)(SC(NH2)2)2]n (III), [Cd0.50Zn0.50(CH2(COO)2)(SC(NH2)2)2]n (IV), and [Cd0.21Zn0.79(CH2(COO)2)(SC(NH2)2)2]n (V) were synthesized from systems with an initial Cd/Zn mole ratio of 1:1 for III, 1:2 for IV, and 1:8 for V. They are isomorphous as confirmed by X-ray characterization. When the metal ion is substituted, the multiple intrahelix hydrogen interaction motifs of the coordination polymer structure are self-adjusted to sustain their 1D helical motifs.
Austrian Lipid Consensus on the management of metabolic lipid disorders to prevent vascular complications (2016)

In 2010, eight Austrian medical societies proposed a joint position statement on the management of metabolic lipid disorders for the prevention of vascular complications. An updated and extended version of these recommendations according to the current literature is presented, referring to the primary and secondary prevention of vascular complications in adults, taking into consideration the guidelines of other societies. The "Austrian Lipid Consensus - 2016 update" provides guidance for individualized risk stratification and respective therapeutic targets, and discusses the evidence for reducing vascular endpoints with available lipid-lowering therapies. Furthermore, specific management in key patient groups is outlined, including subjects presenting with coronary, cerebrovascular, and/or peripheral atherosclerosis; diabetes mellitus and/or metabolic syndrome; nephropathy; and familial hypercholesterolemia.
Experimental study of second sound quench detection for superconducting cavities (2019)

Superconducting rf cavities are used in particle accelerators to provide energy to the particle beam. Such cavities are mostly fabricated in niobium and often operated in superfluid helium. One of their limits of operation is the appearance of a local quench, initiated by a local field enhancement due to a defect, which leads to a normal conducting transition of the cavity. Localizing the quench area can be achieved with temperature mapping systems. Another method is the use of second sound wave propagation in superfluid helium. Measuring the time of propagation of these waves from quench location to special sensors, called oscillating superleak transducers (OSTs), and using their well-known velocity should allow trilateration. However, most of the experimental measurements on cavities show premature signals, i.e., the second sound signals arrive earlier on the OSTs than expected. This paper presents several quench experiments on cavities equipped with OSTs and temperature mapping quench detection systems. Two hypotheses can explain the observed premature signals. The first one assesses faster propagation in helium. An experimental setup has been developed for testing this hypothesis, where second sound is created by a localized heater in a controlled environment up to ${4.3\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kW}/\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and 2.8 J. Premature signals could not be verified in this setup. A second hypothesis based on a simple model including several processes in niobium and second sound propagation in helium is discussed. The model improves significantly the prediction of the times of arrival of the second sound waves. The overall study shows that the processes in niobium play a prominent role in the second sound detection for superconducting cavities.
Epilepsy Treatment: Controlling Epileptiform Activity with Organic Electronic Ion Pumps (Adv. Mater. 20/2015) (2015)

Organic electronic ion pumps (OEIPs) convert electrical current into ionic current. When in contact with neural tissue, this ionic current can be used to control the activity of neural networks. G. G. Malliaras, C. Bernard, and co-workers develop an OEIP capable of delivering the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as described on page 3138. The ability of the OEIP to locally suppress epileptiform activity in the mouse hippocampus is demonstrated.
Geometría arte y tecnología (2004)

?Aprender a aprender? ?Trabajo en equipo? ?Ritmos distintos de aprendizajes? ?Aprendizajes significativos? ?Uso de tecnologia? Estas y tantas otras interrogantes comenzaron a inquietar nuestra labor docente, comenzamos a preguntarnos como enfrentar el futuro con alumnos distintos a los que ya no motivan nuestra forma de ensenanza donde ellos tienen un rol pasivo y los primeros actores somos los profesores. Aparece en los docentes la incertidumbre ?Como la manejamos? ?Que hacemos? ?Como enfrentamos los cambios tecnologicos? La Reforma nos entrego algunas herramientas como los PPF (Programas de Perfeccionamiento fundamental), los GPT(Grupos Profesionales de Trabajo) al interior de las Unidades Educativas. Reflexionamos sobre nuestras practicas pedagogicas, nos familiarizamos con el uso de la tecnologia, la llevamos a la sala de clases, asumimos un rol distinto, damos mayor importancia al trabajo en equipo, relacionamos los aprendizajes con el medio natural y cultural. Cambia la infraestructura de nuestros Liceos y Colegios, se implementan laboratorios de computacion, profesores asisten a pasantias en extranjero conociendo nuevas alternativas de ensenanza aplicando tecnologias, se establecen redes de profesores y el grado de incertidumbre disminuye, comienza para nosotros una nueva era como formadores preocupados de desarrollar en nuestros alumnos aspectos cognitivos, habilidades y valores. En la busqueda de estrategias metodologicas he implementado a mis practicas pedagogicas el uso de material didactico construido en clases, el uso de la calculadora y programas como CABRI II para la ensenanza de la Geometria.
useful to compare network load in a geographically aware display, to relate communication partners, and to identify the types of network trac occurring at the considered network hosts. (2006)

Extensive spread of malicious code on the Internet and also within intranets has risen the user’s concern about what kind of data is transferred between her or his computer and other hosts on the network. Visual analysis of this kind of information is a challenging task, due to the complexity and volume of the data type considered, and requires special design of appropriate visualization techniques. In this paper, we present a scalable visualization toolkit for analyzing network activity of computer hosts on a network. The visualization combines network packet volume and type distribution information with geographic information, enabling the analyst to use geographic distortion techniques such as the HistoMap technique to become aware of the traffic components in the course of the analysis. The presented analysis tool is especially useful to compare important network load characteristics in a geographically aware display, to relate communication partners, and to identify the type of network traffic occurring. The results of the analysis are helpful in understanding typical network communication activities, and in anticipating potential performance bottlenecks or problems. It is suited for both off-line analysis of historic data, and via animation for on-line monitoring of packet-based network traffic in real time. CR Categories: C.2.3 [Computer-Communication Networks]: Network Operations—Network Monitoring; I.3.8 [Computing Methodologies]: Computer Graphics—Applications;
Capacity-Approaching Multiple Coding for MIMO Rayleigh Fading Systems With Transmit Channel State Information (2007)

We study transmit power adaptation and capacity-approaching coding/decoding in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) Rayleigh fading channels under the assumption that perfect channel state information (CSI) is known at both the transmitter and the receiver. The capacity in MIMO systems with transmitter CSI can be achieved via two schemes: 1) a multiple-coding scheme with temporal and spatial water filling and 2) a single-coding scheme with temporal and spatial water filling. The former requires an infinite number of different codes, and the latter one requires interblock coding and, therefore, a very long code. We propose three simple but powerful methods for transforming the MIMO fading channel into a set of additive white Gaussian noise channels to which standard codes for the Gaussian channel can then be applied. We show through a number of examples that these methods can closely approach channel capacity. As a by-product, the closed-form expressions of the marginal probability density function of the ordered and unordered eigenvalues of Wishart matrices are derived.
Characterization of the unusually rapid cell cycles during rat gastrulation (1993)

The onset of gastrulation in rodents is associated with the start of differentiation within the embryo proper and a dramatic increase in the rate of growth and proliferation. We have determined the duration of the cell cycle for mesodermal and ectodermal cells of rat embryos during gastrulation (days 8.5 to 9.5 of gestation) using a stathmokinetic analysis. These embryonic cells are the most rapidly dividing mammalian cells yet described. Most cells of the ectoderm and mesoderm had a cell cycle time of 7 to 7.5 hours, but the cells of the primitive streak divided every 3 to 3.5 hours. Total cell cycle time was reduced by shortening S and G2, as well as G1, in contrast to cells later in development, when cell cycle duration is modulated largely by varying the length of G1. In the ectoderm and mesoderm, G1 was 1.5 to 2 hours, S was 3.5 to 4 hours, and G2 was 30 to 40 minutes. G1, S and G2 were shortened even further in the cells of the primitive streak: G1 was less than 30 minutes, S was 2 to 2.75 hours, and G2 was less than 20 minutes. Thus, progress of cells through all phases of the cell cycle is extensively modified during rodent embryogenesis. Specifically, the increased growth rate during gastrulation is associated with radical changes in cell cycle structure and duration. Further, the commitment of cells to become mesoderm and endoderm by entering the primitive streak is associated with expression of a very short cell cycle during transit of the primitive streak, such that developmental decisions determining germ layer fate are reflected in differences in cell cycle regulation.
Genes for beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 are closely linked and form part of a cluster of related genes on chromosome 4 (1992)

The small inducible gene (SIG) family encodes related proteins that are involved in the overlapping processes of coagulation, inflammation, immune response, and wound repair. This family contains two branches, termed CXC and CC, which are distinguished by whether or not the first two of four conserved cysteine residues are separated by an additional amino acid residue. All of the CXC SIGs map to chromosome 4, including those encoding beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), both of which are expressed by megakaryocytes in a tissue-specific fashion. Both of these latter two genes have been previously reported to be duplicated, there being a PF4 and a PF4alt gene, and a beta TG1 and beta TG2 gene. We now show by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) that the beta TG genes are closely linked to the PF4 genes and to other previously mapped CXC SIGs, namely IL8 (encoding interleukin-8), GRO1 (encoding a cytokine also called melanoma growth-stimulatory activity), and two related genes GRO2 and GRO3, on a single 700-kb Sfil fragment localized to chromosome bands 4q12-q13. The only CXC SIG not linked to this cluster is that encoding gamma-interferon-induced 10-Kd protein (INP10), which has been previously localized to 4q21. Analysis of lambda genomic clones demonstrate that the beta TG1 and PF4 genes are separated by less than 7 kb, and the beta TG2 and PF4alt genes by approximately 5 kb. Within each beta TG/PF4 duplication, the beta TG-like gene is upstream of its linked PF4-like gene. Thus, the beta TG/PF4 genes appear to form a close-linked complex expressed in a megakaryocyte-specific fashion. Further genomic studies may provide additional insights into the regulation of the tissue-specific expression of the beta TG/PF4 gene complex, while further analysis of the linked CXC SIG cytokine family may provide further understanding of their evolutionary history.
La conception physique : placement, routage et vérification du layout (2002)

ISBN: 2746204347
[Development of a fetal breathing movement tracking system using pulsed Doppler ultrasound]. (1992)

Fetal breathing movements (FBM) form a useful means of monitoring fetal conditions and functional development. To develop a continuous and quantitative FBM monitoring system for clinical use, a non-imaging method using pulsed Doppler was devised. A pulsed Doppler cardiotocograph module was extended to obtain low frequency Doppler signals, by the addition of a 90 degree phase shifter, analog multipliers, quadrature detector, sample and hold circuits and low pass filters, to produce five simultaneous outputs representing movement at depths separated by 1.5cm intervals. These outputs represent the displacement inside tissue at the various depths. Signal processing was executed on a 32-bit computer with an A/D converter. On-line processing by means of a zero-crossing method and off-line arc tangent method with high accuracy displacement estimation were applied for calculation. With this system, FBM was detected as cyclic and regular displacements of a few hundred microns ranging from 0.5 to 1.5Hz. With digital signal processing of 2/3Hz high pass filtering, precise evaluation FBM was possible while rejecting gross movements due to maternal breathing, etc. Although further studies are required for clinical application, it appears that quantitative assessments of FBM should be possible with this technique.