gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A MODIFIED METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF IN SITU RUMEN DEGRADATION OF FEEDSTUFFS (1987)

In situ rumen dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) disappearance of various feed-stuffs was studied in Holstein cows. Comparisons of nylon bag size, method of containment within the rumen, and washing technique were made to develop a system which would reduce labor and improve precision among and within laboratories. Bags (7.0 × 11.0 cm) were suspended individually in the rumen by fishing line, or placed in a polyester mesh bag before being put in the rumen. No differences were observed between method of suspension in the rumen. The polyester mesh bag was then used to contain two nylon bag types (3.5 × 5.5 cm, 1-g sample (BT1); 7.0 × 11.0 cm; 5-g sample (BT2)) for incubation in the rumen. Small bags (BT1) were heat-sealed. Dry matter and CP disappearances from BT1 were lower than from BT2. These differences were attributed to washing technique as the larger bag (BT2) was washed more vigorously. A mechanical washing wheel was designed and built to reduce variability due to washing by hand. Bags washed by machine followed by hand washing had slightly higher DM and CP disappearances than bags washed by machine only; however, these differences did not significantly influence effective degradability. Feedstuffs were reincubated in small bags and large bags, and bags were mechanically washed. Dry matter and CP disappearance and effective rumen degradabilities of DM- and CP, assuming a constant rate of outflow, were not significantly different between bag types. Use of heat-sealed small bags (3.5 × 5.5 cm), containing 1-g samples incubated in the rumen within a polyester mesh bag, and a mechanical washer, provides a system for measuring in situ DM and CP disappearance from nylon bags which reduces labor input, can potentially improve consistency among and within laboratories, and facilitates high sample throughput. Key words: In situ, rumen, degradability, mechanical washer, Holstein cows
Experimental Study on the Fatigue Strength of the Bogie Frame for Tilting Railway Vehicles (2006)

This paper shows the experimental study to evaluate the fatigue strength of a bogie frame for Korean tilting train. The various load cases were established based on the international standard (UIC615-4) and the special tilting load case, which is unique in the tilting train, was derived by dynamic analysis and logical assumption of operation under worst tilting condition. The experimental study was conducted by means of two ways, both static and fatigue loading test. Through the static load test, the safety against fatigue was assessed using Goodman diagram of the material used. The fatigue load test was carried out up to 1x107cycles. The fatigue strength was assessed by fatigue crack inspection by means of NDT test at the stage of 6x106cycles and 1x107cycles.
TargetFish - Targeted disease prophylaxis in European fish farming (2016)

International audience
Colossal intrinsic exchange bias from interfacial reconstruction in epitaxial CoFe2O4/Al2O3 thin films (2021)

We have studied the epitaxial ${\mathrm{CoFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ (111) films grown on ${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (0001) substrates of different thickness at various temperature and discovered colossal intrinsic exchange bias up to 7 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2 kOe. X-ray and electron diffraction clearly indicate an interfacial layer about 2 nm of different crystal structure from the ``bulk'' part of the ${\mathrm{CoFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ film. The thickness dependence of the exchange bias suggests a hidden antiferromagnetic composition in the interfacial layer that couples to the ferrimagnetic ``bulk'' part of the ${\mathrm{CoFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ film as the origin of the exchange bias. Considering the structural, magnetic, and electronic structure, CoO has been identified as the most likely candidate of the antiferromagnetic composition in the interfacial layer. This work suggests a path for enhancing intrinsic exchange bias using combination of film and substrate of large structural differences, highlighting the role of interfacial atomic and electronic reconstructions.
Flexible Content Placement in Cache Networks using Reinforced Counters (2015)

In this paper we study the problem of content placement in a cache network. We consider a network where routing of requests is based on random walks. Content placement is done using a novel mechanism referred to as reinforced counters. To each content we associate a counter, which is incremented every time the content is requested, and which is decremented at a fixed rate. We model and analyze this mechanism, tuning its parameters so as to achieve desired performance goals for a single cache or for a cache network. We also show that the optimal static content placement, without reinforced counters, is NP hard under different design goals.
MODELING THE OPERATION OF SLURRY CARBON ELECTRODES USING A HYBRID APPROACH (2021)

Capacitive deionization (CDI) for water desalination, capacitive energy generation, geophysical applications, and removal of heavy ions from wastewater streams are some examples of promising electrochemical processes. The CDI process can be improved by using a flow-through electrode (FTE) cell architecture, where the input feed water is pumped through an open channel separated from a flowing aqueous slurry mixture by a suitable ionic membrane. In this work we simulate the operation of a symmetrical electrochemical cell where the ions removed in the water flow channel are stored in flowing porous particles located in the slurry mixture channel. We use a two steps volume averaging technique to derive the averaged transport equations for multi-ionic system in the slurry electrode. The complete model involves sections for simulating the ionic transport in the water channel, the ionic membrane, and the slurry electrode. A fixed reference control volume approach was used to deal with the two moving phases. The individual ionic concentrations equations are derived for a binary salt made up of identical ions. The equations for co-ion and counter ion can be combined yielding averaged equations similar to the ones developed by Rubin et al. (2016). The derivation of an acceptable model to simulate the operation of a slurry electrode can be used to design improved CDI processes.
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of a Single Catalyst Particle with Tip‐Enhanced Fluorescence Microscopy (2018)

Determining the active site in real-life solid catalysts remains an intellectual challenge and is crucial for exploring the road towards their rational design. In recent years various micro-spectroscopic methods have revealed valuable structure-activity data at the level of a single catalyst particle, even under reaction conditions. Herein, we introduce Tip-Enhanced FLuorescence (TEFL) microscopy as a novel and versatile characterization tool for catalysis research. This has been achieved using a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) catalyst as showcase material. Thin sectioning of industrially used FCC particles together with selective staining of Brønsted acidity has enabled high-resolution TEFL mapping of different catalyst regions. Hyperspectral information gained via TEFL microscopy reveals a spatial distribution of Brønsted acidity within individual zeolite domains in different regions of the FCC catalyst particle. Comparison of TEFL measurements from different FCC particles showed significant intra- and inter-particle heterogeneities both in zeolite domain size and chemical reactivity.
Natural Diatom Biosilica as Microshuttles in Drug Delivery Systems (2019)

Unicellular diatom microalgae are a promising natural resource of porous biosilica. These microorganisms produce around their membrane a highly porous and extremely structured silica shell called frustule. Once harvested from living algae or from fossil sediments of diatomaceous earth, this biocompatible and non-toxic material offers an exceptional potential in the field of micro/nano-devices, drug delivery, theranostics, and other medical applications. The present review focused on the use of diatoms in the field of drug delivery systems, with the aim of presenting the different strategies implemented to improve the biophysical properties of this biosilica in terms of drug loading and release efficiency, targeted delivery, or site-specific binding capacity by surface functionalization. The development of composite materials involving diatoms for drug delivery applications is also described.
Association between incident delirium and 28- and 90-day mortality in critically ill adults: a secondary analysis (2020)

Abstract Background While delirium prevalence and duration are each associated with increased 30-day, 6-month, and 1-year mortality, the association between incident ICU delirium and mortality remains unclear. We evaluated the association between both incident ICU delirium and days spent with delirium in the 28 days after ICU admission and mortality within 28 and 90 days. Methods Secondary cohort analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted among 1495 delirium-free, critically ill adults in 14 Dutch ICUs with an expected ICU stay ≥2 days where all delirium assessments were completed. In the 28 days after ICU admission, patients were evaluated for delirium and coma 3x daily; each day was coded as a delirium day [≥1 positive Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU)], a coma day [no delirium and ≥ 1 Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) score ≤ − 4], or neither. Four Cox-regression models were constructed for 28-day mortality and 90-day mortality; each accounted for potential confounders (i.e., age, APACHE-II score, sepsis, use of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and haloperidol dose) and: 1) delirium occurrence, 2) days spent with delirium, 3) days spent in coma, and 4) days spent with delirium and/or coma. Results Among the 1495 patients, 28 day mortality was 17% and 90 day mortality was 21%. Neither incident delirium (28 day mortality hazard ratio [HR] = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.75–1.39; 90 day mortality HR = 1.05, 95%CI = 0.79–1.38) nor days spent with delirium (28 day mortality HR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.95–1.05; 90 day mortality HR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.98–1.07) were significantly associated with mortality. However, both days spent with coma (28 day mortality HR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.02–1.08; 90 day mortality HR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.02–1.08) and days spent with delirium or coma (28 day mortality HR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.00–1.05; 90 day mortality HR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.01–1.06) were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusions This analysis suggests neither incident delirium nor days spent with delirium are associated with short-term mortality after ICU admission. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov , Identifier NCT01785290 Registered 7 February 2013.
Repetition effects in task-driven eye movement analyses after longer time-spans (2021)

Visualizations are an important tool in risk management to support decision-making of recipients of risk reports. Many trainings aim at helping managers to better understand how to read such visualizations. In this paper we present first results of an ongoing large study on the effect of repeated presentation of risk visualizations from annual reports. This is of importance to find out if such repetitions have an effect on accuracy and the behavior of readers. Contrary to other studies we had longer time-spans of months and weeks between two trials. We found that fixation durations are different after second presentation and that the number of fixations generally are lower. We also analyzed scan paths, indicating that regions that are more semantically meaningful are more often in the center of attention. We call for more studies with longer time spans between two trials as we found some interesting patterns.
DNA Polymerase λ, a Novel DNA Repair Enzyme in Human Cells (2002)

DNA polymerase lambda (pol lambda) is a novel family X DNA polymerase that has been suggested to play a role in meiotic recombination and DNA repair. The recent demonstration of an intrinsic 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity in pol lambda supports a function of this enzyme in base excision repair. However, the biochemical properties of the polymerization activity of this enzyme are still largely unknown. We have cloned and purified human pol lambda to homogeneity in a soluble and active form, and we present here a biochemical description of its polymerization features. In support of a role in DNA repair, pol lambda inserts nucleotides in a DNA template-dependent manner and is processive in small gaps containing a 5'-phosphate group. These properties, together with its nucleotide insertion fidelity parameters and lack of proofreading activity, indicate that pol lambda is a novel beta-like DNA polymerase. However, the high affinity of pol lambda for dNTPs (37-fold over pol beta) is consistent with its possible involvement in DNA transactions occurring under low cellular levels of dNTPs. This suggests that, despite their similarities, pol beta and pol lambda have nonredundant in vivo functions.
A 60 GHz Wireless Home Area Network With Radio Over Fiber Repeaters (2015)

Abstract—Home area networks will have to deal with the fu-ture multigigabit wireless systems that are emerging or are under development. These millimeter-wave radio systems achieve data rates up to several Gb/s per channel, but over short distance. So, to expand the radio coverage, we propose to introduce a radio-over-fiber (RoF) infrastructure at home. This paper presents a com-plete study of a RoF system: the 60 GHz radio coverage is extended using a RoF link working at intermediate frequency with two hops in the air. An experimental setup of such an infrastructure has been realized and characterized. A low-cost solution, working at 850 nm, was chosen using multimode fiber and off-the-shelf mil-limeter-wave and photonic components. Finally, a real-time trans-mission between two commercial WirelessHD devices working at 3 Gb/s has been carried out. Index Terms—Home area network (HAN), IEEE 802.15.3c, IEEE 802.11ad, optical architecture, optical transducers, radio over fiber (RoF), WirelessHD. I.
CAN-15-1348R-Supplementary Figure-S2 from Injury-Driven Stiffening of the Dermis Expedites Skin Carcinoma Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Immunofluorescence stainings of mouse lung&lt;/p&gt;
Emerging role of microRNA-21 in cancer (2016)

MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of 15-27 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression at the post-translational level. miR-21 is one of the earliest identified cancer-promoting 'oncomiRs', targeting numerous tumor suppressor genes associated with proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. The regulation of miR-21 and its role in carcinogenesis have been extensively investigated. Recent studies have focused on the diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-21 as well as its implication in the drug resistance of human malignancies. The further use of miR-21 as a biomarker and target for cancer treatments is likely to improve the outcome for patients with cancer. The present review highlights recent findings associated with the importance of miR-21 in hematological and non-hematological malignancies.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Lysophosphatidylcholine in Severe Infections Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (2015)

Due to the significant increase in antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, immune system stimulation to block infection progression may be a therapeutic adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a major component of phospholipids in eukaryotic cells, is involved in immune cell recruitment and modulation. The aim of this study was to show if LPC could be useful for treating infections caused by A. baumannii. A. baumannii ATCC 17978 was used in this study. Levels of serum LPC and levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and IL-10 were determined by spectrophotometric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively, using a murine peritoneal sepsis model in which mice were inoculated with 5.3 log CFU/ml of A. baumannii. The therapeutic efficacy of LPC against A. baumannii in murine peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia models was assessed for 48 h after bacterial infection. At early time points in the murine model of peritoneal sepsis caused by A. baumannii, LPC was depleted and was associated with an increase of inflammatory cytokine release. Preemptive therapy with LPC in murine peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia models markedly enhanced spleen and lung bacterial clearance and reduced the numbers of positive blood cultures and the mouse mortality rates. Moreover, treatment with LPC reduced proinflammatory cytokine production. These data demonstrate that LPC is efficacious as a preemptive treatment in experimental models of peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia caused by A. baumannii.
News Co-Occurrence, Attention Spillover and Return Predictability (2017)

We examine the effect of investor attention spillover on stock return predictability. Using a novel measure, the News Network Triggered Attention index (NNTA), we find that NNTA negatively predicts market returns with a monthly in(out)-of-sample R-square of 5.97% (5.80%). In the cross-section, a long-short portfolio based on news co-occurrence generates a significant monthly alpha of 68 basis points. The results are robust to the inclusion of alternative attention proxies, sentiment measures, other news- and information-based predictors, across recession and expansion periods. We further validate the attention spillover effect by showing that news co-mentioning leads to greater increases in Google and Bloomberg search volumes than unconditional news coverage. Our findings suggest that attention spillover in a news-based network can lead to significant stock market overvaluations, and especially when arbitrage is limited.
Acylation Studies in the Thiophene and Furan Series. VI. Direct Acylation with Carboxylic Acids and Phosphorus Pentoxide (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcylation Studies in the Thiophene and Furan Series. VI. Direct Acylation with Carboxylic Acids and Phosphorus PentoxideHoward D. Hartough and Alvin I. KosakCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 12, 3098–3099Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01204a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01204a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views414Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CFD-based Study on Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Fixed Catalyst Beds (2005)

In the heterogeneous catalyst mass transfer phenomena with their strong influence on the reaction efficiency are very important. CFD (computational fluid dynamics) is used to determine the liquid-solid mass transfer coefficients. The determined coefficients can be used in the design of reactors and unit operations where boundary effects are negligible, that is at high apparatus-to-particle-diameter-ratios. The agreement between the theoretical results and the experimental data of other authors is qualitatively good, whereas quantitative differences result from the model simplifications.
Dispersion characteristics of metamaterial-based parallel plate ridge waveguides (2009)

This paper presents an approximate analytical analysis of the quasi-TEM dominant mode in a parallel plate metamaterial-based waveguide. This waveguide is constituted by a fakir's bed plate interrupted by a metal strip, and covered by a metallic plate. This structure is simple to manufacture, especially at millimetre and sub-millimetre wave frequencies.
Refractive index and absorption detector for liquid chromatography based on Fabry-Perot interferometry (2023)

A refractive index and absorption detector for liquid chromatography. It is based in part on a Fabry-Perot interferometer and is used for the improved detection of refractive index and absorption. It includes a Fabry-Perot interferometer having a normally fixed first partially reflecting mirror and a movable second partially reflecting mirror. A chromatographic flow-cell is positioned between the mirrors along the optical axis of a monochromatic laser beam passing through the interferometer. A means for deriving information about the interference fringes coming out of the interferometer is used with a mini-computer to compute the refractive index of the specimen injected into the flow cell. The minicomputer continuously scans the interferometer for continuous refractive index readings and outputs the continuous results of the scans on a chart recorder. The absorption of the specimen can concurrently be scanned by including a second optical path for an excitation laser which will not interfere with the first laser, but will affect the specimen so that absorption properties can be detected. By first scanning for the refractive index of the specimen, and then immediately adding the excitation laser and subsequently scanning for the refractive index again, the absorption of the specimen can be computed and recorded.
Evaluation of subcutaneous and oral administration of robenacoxib and meloxicam for the treatment of acute pain and inflammation associated with orthopedic surgery in dogs (2011)

Robenacoxib provided efficacy and tolerability similar to those of meloxicam for the management of perioperative pain and inflammation in dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery.
Accelerated reverse emitter-base bias stress methodologies and time-to-failure application (1996)

A second current-acceleration method for measuring the reliability of silicon bipolar transistors under reverse emitter-base bias stress is demonstrated in this paper. The low-voltage operation condition in submicron transistors may be attained during the stress experiments, providing an accurate determination of the transistor's operation time-to-failure (TTF) without extrapolating from higher voltage stress data. Two different current-acceleration stress methods are demonstrated in one transistor design and compared with the traditional voltage-acceleration method using the carrier kinetic energy as the independent variable. It is shown that the traditional voltage-acceleration method can give an erroneous and larger extrapolated time-to-failure by several orders of magnitude in some devices.