gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application potential of in situ emulsion flooding in the high-temperature and high-salinity reservoir (2018)

In this research, an emulsifier formulation named SC-18 for W/O system was screened out and evaluated for feasible application of in-situ emulsion flooding in high-temperature and high-salinity reservoir. Results showed that SC-18 could reduce interfacial tension to 10–2 order of magnitude and change rock wettability from oil-wet to water-wet, which was beneficial to decrease residual oil saturation and improve displacement efficiency. Meanwhile, rheological testing showed that emulsion produced by SC-18 exhibited good temperature tolerance and mechanical stability, which favored mobility control and sweep efficiency enhancement under harsh conditions. In addition, good viscoelasticity of produced emulsions could also improve sweep efficiency by strengthening plugging and diverting effects of emulsion droplets, namely enhancing “Jiamin effects.” By means of natural core flooding and visualized plate model, it was proved that in-situ emulsion flooding with SC-18 could improve both displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency for high-temperature and high-salinity reservoir.
The Characteristics of Identical Color Coordination In Contemporary Women's Fashion - Centered on the Collections of Paris, Milan, New York, London - (2005)

The main objective of this research was to understand the characteristics of identical color coordination through the analysis of modern female fashion color coordination as they appear in the 'Collections'. Data collection of 2026 was done through review of '-porter Collections' of four cities; Milan, London, New York, Paris. Lastly, statistical analysis of frequency and -test and also qualitative interpretation of identical color coordination characteristics were completed. The main findings were; The color coordination of modern women's fashion produces a unified theme, or monochromatic harmony, through the use and coordination of identical colors. The clear contrast of tones portrays a strong image especially in achromatic color coordination, and through the use of texture variation, monochromatic color coordination becomes even more compelling. The tone variation, observed most often in monochromatic color coordination was the black and white contrast, which enhances the simplicity and clarity. Within chromatic color combinations, tone on tone color coordination was achieved by varying brightness. Furthermore, the observation of Faux Camaeu indicates that the coordination of different textures is used often in identical color coordination. While achromatic colors can lead to a hard and rough feeling, it also is compensated through the use of varying textures. In addition, adding variety of textures can add subtle interests to the simplicity of white. Lastly, in all four collections, the chromatic identical color coordination was found more frequently than the achromatic. In Paris, N.Y. & London, the chromatic identical coordination was used more often than chromatic. Milan showed most use of achromatic coordination. The use of the tones showed similar trends in all four collections, with contrasting tone being used most often, followed by similar and identical tones.
Parallel scheduling of task trees with limited memory (2014)

This paper investigates the execution of tree-shaped task graphs using multiple processors. Each edge of such a tree represents some large data. A task can only be executed if all input and output data fit into memory, and a data can only be removed from memory after the completion of the task that uses it as an input data. Such trees arise, for instance, in the multifrontal method of sparse matrix factorization. The peak memory needed for the processing of the entire tree depends on the execution order of the tasks. With one processor the objective of the tree traversal is to minimize the required memory. This problem was well studied and optimal polynomial algorithms were proposed. Here, we extend the problem by considering multiple processors, which is of obvious interest in the application area of matrix factorization. With multiple processors comes the additional objective to minimize the time needed to traverse the tree, i.e., to minimize the makespan. Not surprisingly, this problem proves to be much harder than the sequential one. We study the computational complexity of this problem and provide inapproximability results even for unit weight trees. We design a series of practical heuristics achieving different trade-offs between the minimization of peak memory usage and makespan. Some of these heuristics are able to process a tree while keeping the memory usage under a given memory limit. The different heuristics are evaluated in an extensive experimental evaluation using realistic trees.
Predicting ovarian cancer among patients with pelvic mass by SELDI multiplexed biomarker assay (2006)

A43 Introduction: A panel of seven biomarkers in serum (ITIH4 fragments, transthyretin (TTR), ApoA1, CTAPIII, hepcidin, transferrin, and beta 2-microglobulin (b2M)) has been reported previously (SGO 2006) to improve the positive predictive value for distinguishing benign from malignant ovarian cancer tumors. We have developed a semi-automated SELDI multiplexed assay intended for the analysis of those biomarkers.Description: The multiplexed assay strategy was developed based on the biomarker proteins surface properties and their molecular weights. TTR was assayed on strong anionic (Q10) ProteinChip™ arrays and ApoA1 was assayed on hydrophobic (H50) ProteinChip™ arrays. Specific ITIH4 fragments, CTAPIII, hepcidin, b2M and transferrin were assayed simultaneously on immobilized copper affinity capture (IMAC50) ProteinChip™ arrays. Assay protocol was highly simplified and automated on a Tecan Aquarius robot equipped with a 96-channel pipetting head. High throughput ProteinChip™ arrays readout as well as data handling was performed on a PCS4000 automated mass reader equipped with server data management software (Ciphergen Biosystems). In certain assays, patient serum was diluted in buffer containing E. coli lysate as a carrier and internal quantitation standards. Calibration curves of TTR, Apo A1 and ITIH4 fragment were constructed using pooled human serum containing known concentrations of each analyte. Patient samples were assayed in triplicate and CV% was
Specific recognition of calmodulin from Dictyostelium discoideum by the ATP, ubiquitin-dependent degradative pathway. (1985)

Calmodulin purified from Dictyostelium discoideum is selectively degraded by rabbit reticulocyte extracts in the presence of ubiquitin and ATP. This protein forms a 1:1 covalent conjugate with ubiquitin. Analyses of the cyanogen bromide fragments of the protein conjugate indicate that lysine 115 on calmodulin is the ubiquitin conjugation site. Bovine brain calmodulin which contains a trimethyllysine residue at this position is not a substrate for conjugation with ubiquitin, and its degradation rate is not affected by ATP and ubiquitin. These results suggest that the trimethyllysine residue in mammalian calmodulin may function in protecting the protein from degradation by the ATP, ubiquitin-dependent pathway. Since there are eight lysine residues in Dictyostelium calmodulin, the specific conjugation of ubiquitin to lysine 115 may provide a good model system to delineate the structural features required for the conjugation and to follow the degradative steps in the pathway.
Design of a Linear Variable Differential Transformer With High Rejection to External Interfering Magnetic Field (2010)

The sensitivity of linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) position sensors to external slowly varying magnetic fields represents a critical issue when these sensors are installed close to high-current cables or electrical motors with significant fringe fields. The resulting position error can reach several hundreds of micrometers against a specified uncertainty normally below a few micrometers. In this paper, the design of a LVDT position sensor with high rejection to external constant or slowly varying magnetic fields is addressed by exploiting the finite element method (FEM) simulator FLUX. A shield, isolated from the sensor's magnetic circuit, has been considered to reduce the effect of magnetic fields on the secondary voltages of the LVDT. In addition, a dc current is used in order to polarize the magnetic circuit to reduce the sensitivity of the sensor to external interferences.
Microwave‐Induced Structural Engineering and Pt Trapping in 6R‐TaS2 for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2020)

The nanoengineering of the structure of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is widely pursued to develop viable catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) alternative to the precious metallic ones. Metallic group-5 TMDs have been demonstrated to be effective catalysts for the HER in acidic media, making affordable real proton exchange membrane water electrolysers. Their key-plus relies on the fact that both their basal planes and edges are catalytically active for the HER. In this work, the 6R phase of TaS<sub>2</sub> is "rediscovered" and engineered. A liquid-phase microwave treatment is used to modify the structural properties of the 6R-TaS<sub>2</sub> nanoflakes produced by liquid-phase exfoliation. The fragmentation of the nanoflakes and their evolution from monocrystalline to partly polycrystalline structures improve the HER-activity, lowering the overpotential at cathodic current of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> from 0.377 to 0.119 V. Furthermore, 6R-TaS<sub>2</sub> nanoflakes act as ideal support to firmly trap Pt species, which achieve a mass activity (MA) up 10 000 A g<sub>Pt</sub> <sup>-1</sup> at overpotential of 50 mV (20 000 A g<sub>Pt</sub> <sup>-1</sup> at overpotentials of 72 mV), representing a 20-fold increase of the MA of Pt measured for the Pt/C reference, and approaching the state-of-the-art of the Pt mass activity.
Substrate and effector specificity of a guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase from rat liver. (1977)

Guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterases, which appear to be under allosteric control, have been partially purified from rat liver supernatant and particulate fractions. The preferred substrate for both phosphodiesterases was cGMP (Km values: cGMP less than cIMP less than cAMP). At subsaturating concentrations of substrate, the phosphodiesterases were stimulated by purine cyclic nucleotides. The order of effectiveness for activation of cyclic nucleotide hydrolysis was cGMP greater than cIMP greater than cAMP greater than cXMP. Using cAMP derivatives as activators of cIMP hydrolysis, modifications in the ribose, cyclic phosphate, and purine moieties were shown to alter the ability of the cyclic nucleotide to activate the supernatant enzyme. cGMP, at concentrations that stimulated cyclic nucleotide hydrolysis, enhanced chymotryptic inactivation of the supernatant phosphodiesterase. At similar concentrations, cAMP was not effective. It appears that on interaction with appropriate cyclic nucleotides, this phosphodiesterase undergoes conformational changes that are associated with increased catalytic activity and enhanced susceptibility to proteolytic attack. Divalent cation may not be required for the nucleotide-phosphodiesterase interaction and resultant change in conformation.
Fabrication of free-standing lithium niobate nanowaveguides down to 50 nm in width (2015)

Nonlinear optical nanoscale waveguides are a compact and powerful platform for efficient wavelength conversion. The free-standing waveguide geometry opens a range of applications in microscopy for local delivery of light, where in situ wavelength conversion helps to overcome various wavelength-dependent issues, such as biological tissue damage. In this paper, we present an original patterning method for high-precision fabrication of free-standing nanoscale waveguides based on lithium niobate, a material with a strong second-order nonlinearity and a broad transparency window covering the visible and mid-infrared wavelength ranges. The fabrication process combines electron-beam lithography with ion-beam enhanced etching and produces nanowaveguides with lengths from 5 to 50 μm, widths from 50 to 1000 nm and heights from 50 to 500 nm, each with a precision of few nanometers. The fabricated nanowaveguides are tested in an optical characterization experiment showing efficient second-harmonic generation.
Force and Geometry Constraints in Robot Excavation (1990)

One interest in this research effort was to develop and test an automatic control approach to adjust machine motions to the force conditions encountered during excavation - essentially constructing a robot which digs by feel. The problem is approached by supervisory control, consisting of discrete adjustments to the digging trajectory. A laboratory manipulator approximating a backhoe was configured with four actuated degrees of freedom, and an object-oriented programming environment was built to permit rapid prototyping of the supervisory control level. The object-oriented programming environment was also used to model spatial planning associated with excavation. The first approach applies to a Cartesian system and models the excavation volume as a rectangular prism, for decomposition into layers and further decomposition into unit cuboids forming an intended excavation plan. The work next addressed the mapping of an excavator in polar coordinates, typifying a backhoe at one fixed base position, to a prismatic excavation target.
Complete Genome Sequence of Aeromonas veronii Strain B565 (2011)

Aeromonas veronii strain B565 was isolated from aquaculture pond sediment in China. We present here the complete genome sequence of B565 and compare it with 2 published genome sequences of pathogenic strains in the Aeromonas genus. The result represents an independent stepwise acquisition of virulence factors of pathogenic strains in this genus.
Anticancer Agent 2-Methoxyestradiol Improves Survival in Septic Mice by Reducing the Production of Cytokines and Nitric Oxide (2011)

Cytokine production is critical in sepsis. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), an endogenous metabolite of estradiol, inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and is an antiangiogenic and antitumor agent. We investigated the effect of 2ME2 on cytokine production and survival in septic mice. Using i.p. LPS or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), sepsis was induced in BALB/c mice that were simultaneously or later treated with 2ME2 or vehicle. Twelve hours after the LPS injection, serum and peritoneal fluid cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the Griess reaction. Lung injuries were histologically analyzed, and liver and kidney injuries were biochemically analyzed. Survival was determined 7 days after LPS injection or CLP procedure. In vivo and in vitro effects of 2ME2 on LPS-induced macrophage inflammation were determined. The effect of 2ME2 on HIF-1α expression, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line, was determined using Western blotting. 2-Methoxyestradiol treatment reduced LPS-induced lung, liver, and kidney injury. Both early and late 2ME2 treatment prolonged survival in LPS- and CLP-induced sepsis. 2-Methoxyestradiol significantly reduced IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NO levels in septic mice as well as in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. 2-Methoxyestradiol treatment also reduced the LPS-induced expression of HIF-1α, iNOS, and pNF-κB in RAW264.7 cells, as well as iNOS and pNF-κB expression in siHIF-1α-RAW264.7 cells. 2-Methoxyestradiol prolongs survival and reduces lung, liver, and kidney injury in septic mice by inhibiting iNOS/NO and cytokines through HIF-1α and NF-κB signaling.
Parthenogenetic Activation of Pig Oocytes with Calcium Ionophore and the Block to Sperm Penetration after Activation1 (1998)

Calcium ionophore A23187 can parthenogenetically activate oocytes in many animals. The present study was designed to analyze functionally the mechanism of A23187 activation of pig oocytes matured in vitro. In experiment 1, effects of the concentration of A23187 on intracellular calcium transients, cortical granule (CG) exocytosis, nuclear activation, and zona reaction, which was determined by zona hardening and sperm penetrability, were examined. Cumulus-free oocytes were exposed to 0-100 microM A23187 for 5 min. It was found that the amplitude of the intracellular calcium transients, percentage of CG exocytosis, and percentage of pronuclear formation were increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The time for dissolution of zona pellucida (ZP) was increased in the oocytes treated with 25-100 microM A23187. Penetration of ZP-intact oocytes by spermatozoa was decreased and only 3-4% of oocytes were penetrated by spermatozoa after 50-100 microM A23187 treatment. In experiment 2, oocytes were treated with 100 microM A23187 for 5 min and then cultured for 10 min or 3.5 h before insemination. No difference in penetration rates was observed between the two groups of oocytes (12.0% vs. 12.2%), but the penetration rates were significantly lower than those in controls (85.2% vs. 82.4%). In experiment 3, treatment of oocytes with 100 microM A23187 for 5 min was followed by removal of the ZP from a portion of the oocytes. ZP-intact and ZP-free oocytes were then inseminated for examination of sperm penetration. One of 65 (2%) oocytes with ZP and 48 of 52 (92%) oocytes without ZP were penetrated by spermatozoa. These results indicate that activation of pig oocytes by A23187 is the result of A23187-induced intracellular calcium increase and that A23187-induced cortical reaction can prevent sperm penetration of ZP-intact oocytes, but not ZP-free oocytes.
Epigenetic Regulation of Endothelial Lineage Committed Genes in Pro-Angiogenic Hematopoietic and Endothelial Progenitor Cells (2011)

These findings provide evidence that histone modifications epigenetically control the eNOS promoter in proangiogenic cells.
Ultrafast Light‐Induced Spin Reversal in Amorphous Rare Earth‐Transition Metal Alloy Films (2015)

This chapter summarizes the results of some recent experimental studies of metallic multisublattice magnets. In particular, it focuses on magnetization dynamics triggered by an ultrashort laser pulse in ferrimagnetic amorphous rare earth-transition metal alloys. The inequivalency of the magnetic sublattices, on the one hand, and a fine balance of their angular momenta on the other, lead to a very peculiar dynamic behavior. This becomes particularly obvious at short time scales, such as the appearance of a ferromagnetic-like state at time scales below a few picoseconds. This state is followed by an intersublattice relaxation of the angular momentum, leading to a deterministic switching of the magnetization driven by ultrafast laser-induced heating. These studies highlight that direct demonstration of all-optical light helicity-dependent magnetic switching (AO-HDS) was observed in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo alloys in the absence of an external magnetic field, which became subject of intense discussion in modern magnetism.
Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines. IV. Syntheses and Central Nervous System Activities of Some 3-Methoxy-6-phenoxy(Substituted Phenoxy and Naphthyloxy)-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines (1988)

Syntheses are reported for some 3-methoxy-6-phenoxy(substituted phenoxy and naphthyloxy )-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-b] pyridazines; they were made in order to study their possible pharmacological activity in the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system. In initial biological screens to detect compounds with potential activity at receptors for the benzodiazepine class of drugs, the most active compounds were 3-methoxy-6-(2′-methylthiophenoxy)- and 6-(2′-dimethylaminophenoxy )-3-methoxy-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-b] pyridazine. Their respective IC50 values for displacement of 3H-diazepam (IC50 for unlabelled diazepam, 4.2 nM ) from rat brain plasma membranes (measured in the presence of 100 μM GABA) were 112 and 149 nM.
The May 29(th) 2008 earthquake aftershock sequence within the South Iceland Seismic Zone : Fault locations and source parameters of aftershocks (2010)

On May 29(th) 2008, two M-w similar to 6 earthquakes struck the western part of the South Iceland Seismic Zone. The first event was followed within seconds by a similar size event on a second fault similar to 5 km further west. Earthquakes, detected by a temporary network of 11 seismometers and three permanent SIL-network stations were located using an automated Coalescence Microseismic Mapping technique. The epicenters delineate two major and several smaller N-S faults as well as an E-W zone of activity stretching further west into the Reykjanes Peninsula Rift Zone. Fault plane solutions show right lateral strike slip mechanisms along the two major N-S faults and suggest both smaller N-S right-lateral strike slip faults further west as well as an E-W zone of left lateral strike slip fault. The aftershocks deepen from 3-5 kin in the north to 8-9 kin in the south, suggesting that the main faults dip southwards. A brief increase in aftershock seismicity is most likely caused by short-term static stress buildup on adjacent faults. The faulting is interpreted to be driven by the local stress due to transform motion between two parallel segments of the divergent plate boundary crossing Iceland.
Influence of Interface Roughness on the Fatigue Life of Thermal Barrier Coatings (2013)

Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are coating system comprising a heat insulating ceramic coating deposited on top of a oxidation resistant metallic coating. During thermal cycling, cracks grow in the metal/ceramic interface which causes the coating system to fail. In order to model such crack growth by finite element (FE) modelling, accurate interface models must be developed. The presented research studies the influence of interface roughness on the thermal fatigue life of TBCs, and suggests how interface models can be derived from interface roughness parameters. High interface roughness was found to promote longer fatigue lives. Interface models were derived from the roughness parameters Rc, Ra, RSm and Rdq and used for FE modelling of crack growth in the interface. The calculated stress intensities, KI and KII, increased with increasing interface roughness and thereby did not predict a slower crack growth with higher interface roughness as was observed experimentally.
Fundamental Immunology (1991)

This second edition of Fundamental Immunology continues in the mold set by the first edition (published in 1984), but with a significant increase in the amount of information, the addition of chapters in areas of immunology which have gained greater prominence since the first edition and, of course, an updating of what has been the standard fare of immunological text-books. Fundamental Immunology is considered an advanced textbook, meaning that a background in immunology is suggested before tackling it. This is not a text for use as an introduction to immunology for the undergraduate. It is, however, an excellent text for an advanced course and is a superb reference source for individuals with only a nominal background in immunology.The text is well organized, covering essentially all areas of immunology from history of its study to its application to human disease, with chapters written by some of the best active researchers in their respective fields.