gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Octave-wide continuum generation in high-index planar waveguide by 1.5-μm femtosecond pump (2005)

Ultra-high bandwidth continuum generation has been attracting enormous interest for applications in optical frequency metrology, low-coherence tomography, laser spectroscopy, dispersion measurements, sensor techniques and others. The acceptance of this new technology would greatly benefit from the availability of compact and user-friendly sources. High index planar devices provide a versatile and unique approach to continuum generation. The dispersion can be carefully engineered by choosing the material and the geometry of the waveguides. Optical integration can also be provided on the same platform. Hundreds of different waveguides having different and calibrated dispersions can be integrated in few tens of millimeters. Input and output of the 2D guides can be tailored to provide mode matching to fibers and pump lasers by means of single element bulk optics. In this paper for the first time we demonstrate a low-noise, ultra-high bandwidth continuum at 1.55 &#956;m. A bandwidth in excess of 390 nm is obtained by launching energy as low as 50 pJ in a 12 mm short tapered planar waveguides. The pump wavelength was in the normal dispersion regime and was provided by a compact, fiber-based sub-100 femtosecond source.
Comprehensive bridging fault diagnosis based on the SLAT paradigm (2009)

This paper presents a logic diagnosis approach targeting bridging faults. The proposed approach is performed in two phases, (i) a fault localization phase based on the single-location-at-a-time (SLAT) paradigm determining a set of suspects, and (ii) a fault model allocation phase associating a set of fault models to each suspect identified during the first phase. The main advantages of this approach are that the fault localization phase is fault model independent, and that the fault model allocation phase is able to deal at the same time with several bridging fault models leading to either static or dynamic faulty behaviors. Experimental results on full scan circuits show the diagnosis accuracy of the proposed approach in terms of absolute number of suspects. Moreover, a comparison with an industrial reference tool highlights the reliability of our approach.
Effects of a new adenosine deaminase inhibitor, isocoformycin, on toxicity, antitumor activity and tissue distribution of formycin A and 9-.BETA.-D-arabinofuranosyladenine. (1980)

Single intraperitoneal and intravenous injections of isocoformycin at 1,200 mg/kg did not cause the death of mice. Isocoformycin which inhibited adenosine deaminase enhanced significantly the toxicity of formycin A and ara-A at various combination ratios. Isocoformycin potentiated antitumor activity of formycin A and ara-A against L1210 leukemia. Formycin A and ara-A disappeared rapidly from the blood and tissues and could not be found in any tissues even 0.5 hour after a single intraperitoneal injection. However, when used in combination with isocoformycin both were detected in the blood and tissues, especially at high concentration in liver and kidney. These indicate that the deamination of formycin A and ara-A is blocked by isocoformycin in vivo.
Quantum Transfer Learning for Wi-Fi Sensing (2022)

Beyond data communications, commercial-off-the-shelf Wi-Fi devices can be used to monitor human activities, track device locomotion, and sense the ambient environment. In particular, spatial beam attributes that are inherently available in the 60-GHz IEEE 802.11ad/ay standards have shown to be effective in terms of overhead and channel measurement granularity for these indoor sensing tasks. In this paper, we investigate transfer learning to mitigate domain shift in human monitoring tasks when Wi-Fi settings and environments change over time. As a proof-of-concept study, we consider quantum neural networks (QNN) as well as classical deep neural networks (DNN) for the future quantum-ready society. The effectiveness of both DNN and QNN is validated by an in-house experiment for human pose recognition, achieving greater than 90% accuracy with a limited data size.
Energy as a Commodity: Enhancing the Sum-Rate of MISO Interference Channels via Energy Cooperation (2015)

Cooperation among network devices is envisioned to be a key enabler for the expected performance increase brought by the deployment of future 5G networks. In practice, new interesting opportunities for both smart signal processing and resource allocation in interference channels (ICs) are made possible by means of cooperative strategies. In this work, we propose a novel notion of cooperation for future 5G networks in which not only information but also energy is shared among the devices involved in the communication. In particular, we envision deployment policies for heterogeneous networks where transceivers may not have access to fixed power supplies. As a first study in this direction, we assess the impact of energy sharing paradigms by considering a target system of two multi-antenna transmitters serving their associated receivers by means of beamforming strategies based on a linear combination of maximal ratio transmission and zero forcing. We first characterize the achievable rate region for the resulting two-user multiple-input single-output (MISO) IC. Subsequently, relying on a parametric model of the system, we provide a closed-form expression for the optimal energy cooperation policy that maximizes the sum-rate with a QoS requirement on the transmitter that donates energy. Finally, numerical results show that parameters for which the energy cooperation policy preserves or improves the sum-rate of the two-user MISO IC can always be found.
An empirical study in multilingual natural language generation (2000)

We present discourse annotation work aimed at constructing a parallel corpus of Rhetorical Structure trees for a collection of Japanese texts and their corresponding English translations. We discuss implications of our empirical findings for the task of text planning in the context of implementing multilingual natural language generation systems.
Flexible real-time payment methods for mobile communications (1999)

The method of billing users for mobile telephony is based on systems developed over time for fixed networks. We survey the technology involved, and argue that these systems will become increasingly inadequate for large populations of mobile users where frequent roaming is involved. We present two micropayment schemes which permit a caller to inject a payment stream into the network which allows multiple network operators and value-added service providers to be paid in real time. The methods support dynamic pricing by the association of a pricing contract with the call which specifies the cost for each leg of the call route. The system will alleviate problems of mobile fraud, eliminate the need for interoperator billing agreements, and simplify payment for value-added network services. We discuss the relative merits of the two systems described and the characteristics of the prototype implementation.
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: New Perspectives on Genetic Cause and Phenotypic Spectrum (2016)

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one form of female infertility, defined by loss of ovarian activity before the age of 40 and characterized by amenorrhea (primary or secondary) with raised gonadotropins and low estradiol. POI affects up to one in 100 females, including one in 1000 before the age of 30. Substantial evidence suggests a genetic basis for POI; however, the majority of cases remain unexplained, indicating that genes likely to be associated with this condition are yet to be discovered. This review discusses the current knowledge of the genetic basis of POI. We highlight genes typically known to cause syndromic POI that can be responsible for isolated POI. The role of mouse models in understanding POI pathogenesis is discussed, and a thorough list of candidate POI genes is provided. Identifying a genetic basis for POI has multiple advantages, such as enabling the identification of presymptomatic family members who can be offered counseling and cryopreservation of eggs before depletion, enabling personalized treatment based on the cause of an individual's condition, and providing better understanding of disease mechanisms that ultimately aid the development of improved treatments.
Engine Testing of a Natural Gas-Fired, Low-NOx, Variable Geometry Gas Turbine Combustor for a Small Gas Turbine (1996)

The development of a variable geometry lean-premixed combustor is in progress at NAL. Engine testing has been cooducted by using a natural gas-fueled 210-kW gas turbine to demonstrate the capability of ultra-low NOx emissions over a wide range of eogine operation. This paper describes the effort of engine testing of the combustor to achieve NOx emissions of the 10-ppm level. Fuel was staged to the non-premixed pilot and premixed main burners. A butterfly valve air splitting system was employed to maintain both low NOx emissions and high efficieocy over a wide operating range of the engine. The engioe was operated in the lean-premixed, low NOx emissions mode from idle to full power. Over the whole operating conditions from idle to full power, NOx emissions were reduced to levels less than 25 ppm (15% O2 dry). The NOx emissions level for a nearly constant combustion efficiency decreased with increasing power or turbine inlet temperature. At operating conditions of 90% to full power, NOx emissions levels of 12 to 8 ppm (15% O2 dry) were measured with combustion efficiencies of 99.7 to 99.1%.
Author response for "Combined therapy with <scp>CD4</scp> + <scp>CD25highCD127</scp> ‐ T regulatory cells and <scp>anti‐CD20</scp> antibody in recent‐onset type 1 diabetes is superior to monotherapy – randomized phase I/ <scp>II</scp> trial" (2022)

Combined therapy with <scp>CD4</scp> + <scp>CD25highCD127</scp> ‐ T regulatory cells and <scp>anti‐CD20</scp> antibody in recent‐onset type 1 diabetes is superior to monotherapy – randomized phase I/ <scp>II</scp> trial
SOLITON TRAINS AND I–V CHARACTERISTICS OF LONG JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS (1995)

Soliton dynamics in a perturbed sine-Gordon equation modeling a long Josephson junction is investigated. Solitons are found to exist in both simple and chaotic forms. Soliton synchronization by an alternating magnetic field is analysed. Current-voltage characteristics of Josephson junction are plotted.
Interaction of Load Analysis and Structural Design of Offshore Wind Turbines (2006)

The paper presents the necessary considerations for the determination of design loads for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) and OWT support structures. The design of OWTs strongly depends on the environmental conditions such as wind and wave data, ambient temperatures and soil conditions. Load analyses for OWTs are generally done using sophisticated simulation tools which consider the turbulent wind conditions as well as the structural dynamics and the operational behavior of the turbine. Compared to wind turbines onshore, wave loads are an additional element that needs to be considered. Experience shows that the natural frequencies of the support structure highly influence the design loads on the system due to excitation by the rotor. Therefore, the load analysis in combination with optimization of the support structure is an iterative process. A close cooperation between the designing engineers of turbine and support structure is definitely required. The calculation procedure will be presented as well as results from a sample calculation for a typical configuration.
The effect of maxillary sinus antrostomy size on the sinus microbiome (2018)

The method used in surgical maxillary antrostomies had no effect on endoscopy scores or cytokine profiles. Microbiome analysis determined significant differences between the different antrostomy sizes in postoperative Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, and Cyanobacteria abundance. The clinical significance of these changes in the sinus microbiome are not known but may be a result of increased access to postoperative sinonasal irrigations.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium(IV) Isopropoxide‐Catalyzed Formation of 1‐Substituted Cyclopropanols (III) in the Reaction of Ethylmagnesium Bromide (II) with Methyl Alkanecarboxylates (I). (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of temperature and viscosity on anthracene rotational diffusion in organic solvents: Molecular dynamics simulations and fluorescence anisotropy study (1997)

Molecular dynamics simulations and fluorescence anisotropy decay measurements are used to investigate the rotational diffusion of anthracene in two organic solvents—cyclohexane and 2-propanol—at several temperatures. Molecular dynamics simulations of 1 ns length were performed for anthracene in cyclohexane (at 280, 296, and 310 K) and in 2-propanol (at 296 K). The calculated time constants for reorientation of the short in-plane axis were 7–9 and 11–16 ps at 296 K in cyclohexane and 2-propanol, respectively, in excellent agreement with corresponding fluorescence depolarization measurements of 8 and 14 ps. The measured rotational reorientation times and the calculated average rotational diffusion coefficients varied in accord with Debye–Stokes–Einstein theory. Their magnitudes were close to values predicted for an ellipsoid of shape and size equivalent to an anthracene molecule, and exhibited predictable variation with external conditions—increasing with temperature and decreasing with solvent viscosity. However, analysis of the calculated rotational diffusion coefficients for the individual molecular axes gave a more complex picture. The diffusion was highly anisotropic and changes in temperature and solvent type led to nonuniform variation of the diffusion coefficients. The nature of these changes was rationalized based on analysis of variation of solvation patterns with temperature and solvent.
High guanine–cytosine content is not an adaptation to high temperature: a comparative analysis amongst prokaryotes (2001)

The causes of the variation between genomes in their guanine (G) and cytosine (C) content is one of the central issues in evolutionary genomics. The thermal adaptation hypothesis conjectures that, as G:C pairs in DNA are more thermally stable than adenonine:thymine pairs, high GC content may he a selective response to high temperature. A compilation of data on genomic GC content and optimal growth temperature for numerous prokaryotes failed to demonstrate the predicted correlation. By contrast, the GC content of Structural RNAs is higher at high temperatures. The issue that we address here is whether more freely evolving sites in exons (i.e. codonic third positions) evolve in the same manner as genomic DNA as a whole, Showing no correlated response, or like structural RNAs showing a strong correlation. The latter pattern would provide strong support for the thermal adaptation hypothesis, as the variation in GC content between orthologous genes is typically most profoundly seen at codon third sites (GC3). Simple analysis of completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes shows that GC3, but not genomic GC, is higher on average in thermophilic species. This demonstrates, if nothing else, that the results from the two measures cannot be presumed to be the same. A proper analysis, however, requires phylogenetic control. Here, therefore, we report the results of a comparative analysis of GC composition and optimal growth temperature for over 100 prokaryotes. Comparative analysis fails to show, in either Archea or Eubacteria, any hint of connection between optimal growth temperature and GC content in the genome as a whole, in protein-coding regions or, more crucially at GC. Conversely, comparable analysis confirms that GC content of structural RNA is strongly correlated with optimal temperature. Against the expectations of the thermal adaptation hypothesis, within prokaryotes GC content in protein-coding genies, even at relatively freely evolving sites, cannot be considered an adaptation to the thermal environment.
Yesterday's war; tomorrow's technology: peer commentary on ‘Ethical, legal, social and policy issues in the use of genomic technologies by the US military’ (2014)

A recent article by Maxwell J. Mehlman and Tracy Yeheng Li, in the <i>Journal of Law and the Biosciences</i>, sought to examine the ethical, legal, social, and policy issues associated with the use of genetic screening and germ-line therapies ('genomic technologies') by the US Military. In this commentary, we will elaborate several related matters: the relationship between genetic and non-genetic screening methods, the history of selection processes and force strength, and the consequences and ethics of, as Mehlman and Li suggest, engineering enhanced soldiers. We contend, first, that the strengths of genomic testing as a method of determining enrollment in the armed forces has limited appeal, given the state of current selection methods in the US armed forces. Second, that the vagaries of genetic selection, much like other forms of selection that do not bear causally or reliably on soldier performance (such as race, gender, and sexuality), pose a systematic threat to force strength by limiting the (valuable) diversity of combat units. Third, that the idea of enhancing warfighters through germ-line interventions poses serious ethical issues in terms of the control and ownership of 'enhancements' when members separate from service.
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells reveal overrepresentation of ETS transcription factor binding sites (2012)

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mark that is required for normal development. Knockout of the DNA methyltransferase enzymes in the mouse hematopoietic compartment reveals that methylation is critical for hematopoietic differentiation. To better understand the role of DNA methylation in hematopoiesis, we characterized genome-wide DNA methylation in primary mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs), and erythroblasts (ERYs). Methyl binding domain protein 2 (MBD) enrichment of DNA followed by massively parallel sequencing (MBD-seq) was used to map genome-wide DNA methylation. Globally, DNA methylation was most abundant in HSCs, with a 40% reduction in CMPs, and a 67% reduction in ERYs. Only 3% of peaks arise during differentiation, demonstrating a genome-wide decline in DNA methylation during erythroid development. Analysis of genomic features revealed that 98% of promoter CpG islands are hypomethylated, while 20%-25% of non-promoter CpG islands are methylated. Proximal promoter sequences of expressed genes are hypomethylated in all cell types, while gene body methylation positively correlates with gene expression in HSCs and CMPs. Elevated genome-wide DNA methylation in HSCs and the positive association between methylation and gene expression demonstrates that DNA methylation is a mark of cellular plasticity in HSCs. Using de novo motif discovery, we identified overrepresented transcription factor consensus binding motifs in methylated sequences. Motifs for several ETS transcription factors, including GABPA and ELF1, are overrepresented in methylated regions. Our genome-wide survey demonstrates that DNA methylation is markedly altered during myeloid differentiation and identifies critical regions of the genome and transcription factor programs that contribute to hematopoiesis.
Impedance of square and triangular lattice photonic crystals (2009)

We give a rigorous semianalytical definition of impedance for square and triangular (hexagonal) lattice two-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs). Our impedance is a small matrix, derived from transfer matrices, which stores the information required to calculate the reflection and the transmission between PCs. We apply our definition to design PC antireflection coatings efficiently. This task is $O(n)$ with the number of candidate PCs as only one simulation per PC is required to find the impedances; the reflection and the transmission properties of a large number of coatings may then be evaluated quickly using the impedances in a simple matrix equation, in a way similar to the design of thin-film coatings. This is much faster than directly finding the reflections and the transmissions between pairs of candidate PCs, which requires one simulation per pair, a task that is $O({n}^{2})$.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Combinatorial Screening of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Reveals Sensitivity to Drug Combinations Including Bromodomain Inhibitor Plus Neddylation Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Heatmap of hierarchical clustering of normalized AUC and hierarchical clustering of cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Realization of hybrid compressive imaging strategies (2014)

The tendency of natural scenes to cluster around low frequencies is not only useful in image compression, it also can prove advantageous in novel infrared and hyperspectral image acquisition. In this paper, we exploit this signal model with two approaches to enhance the quality of compressive imaging as implemented in a single-pixel compressive camera and compare these results against purely random acquisition. We combine projection patterns that can efficiently extract the model-based information with subsequent random projections to form the hybrid pattern sets. With the first approach, we generate low-frequency patterns via a direct transform. As an alternative, we also used principal component analysis of an image library to identify the low-frequency components. We present the first (to the best of our knowledge) experimental validation of this hybrid signal model on real data. For both methods, we acquire comparable quality of reconstructions while acquiring only half the number of measurements needed by traditional random sequences. The optimal combination of hybrid patterns and the effects of noise on image reconstruction are also discussed.
SSR Alleviation by STATCOM in Induction-Generator-Based Wind Farm Connected to Series Compensated Line (2014)

In this paper, a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with a voltage controller is proposed to mitigate the potential of sub synchronous resonance (SSR) in a series compensated induction-generator (IG)-based wind farm. Detailed eigenvalue analysis is performed to demonstrate that IG effect SSR is successfully alleviated by STATCOM. The results are validated through electromagnetic transient simulation with PSCAD/EMTDC. The impacts of symmetrical fault at different locations and collector cables are investigated, and the effectiveness of the proposed STATCOM controller is illustrated. It is shown that a three-phase fault close to the wind farm may cause severe oscillations in the point of common coupling (PCC) voltage, electromagnetic torque, and shaft torque of the wind turbine generator. To examine this situation, an equivalent circuit analysis is presented, which predicts the band of resonant speeds within which the wind turbine becomes unstable. The study is extended to other commercially available IGs, which also show the potential for SSR even at realistic levels of series compensation levels, and the capability of the proposed STATCOM controller to obviate its occurrence.