gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two Photon Absorption in Chromophore Doped Solid Matrices (2015)

Over the past decades organic materials have shown an important potential for applications in the field of nonlinear optics. Two-photon absorbing materials can be optically addressed in three dimensions of space, which make them unique for many new applications, including 3D displays, optical memories, bio-sensors, etc. Fluorescent organic chromophores can be synthesized with structures especially optimized for this nonlinear optical property. Yet, for some applications, they have to be incorporated in solid state matrices. We especially investigate hybrid organic/inorganic doped matrices synthesized by sol-gel process. However , the linear transmission for such molecules is often significantly less than unity. Two-photon absorption (TPA) offers the advantage of very high transmission at low incident intensity, while being sensitive to high intensity laser pulses.Our aim is to record a 3D layered pattern of optical memory inside the sample by the use of the picosecond pulsed ND3+:YAG laser at 532nm, or 1064nm.
Lactam Formation Increases Receptor Binding, Adenylyl Cyclase Stimulation and Bone Growth Stimulation by Human Parathyroid Hormone (hPTH)(1–28)NH2 (2000)

Human parathyroid hormone (1-28)NH2 [hPTH(1-28)NH2] is the smallest of the PTH fragments that can fully stimulate adenylyl cyclase in ROS 17/2 rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. This fragment has an IC50 of 110 nM for displacing 125I-[Nle8,18,Tyr34]bovine PTH(1-34)NH2 from HKRK B7 porcine kidney cells, which stably express 950,000 human type 1 PTH/PTH-related protein (PTHrP) receptors (PTH1Rs) per cell. It also has an EC50 of 23.9 nM for stimulating adenylyl cyclase in ROS 17/2 cells. Increasing the amphiphilicity of the alpha-helix in the residue 17-28 region by replacing Lys27 with Leu and stabilizing the helix by forming a lactam between Glu22 and Lys26 to produce the [Leu27]cyclo(Glu22-Lys26)hPTH(1-28)NH2 analog dramatically reduced the IC50 for displacing 125I-[Nle8,18,Tyr34]bPTH(1-34)NH2 from hPTH1Rs from 110 to 6 nM and dropped the EC50 for adenylyl cyclase stimulation in ROS 17/2 cells from 23.9 to 9.6 nM. These modifications also increased the osteogenic potency of hPTH(1-28)NH2. Thus, hPTH(1-28)NH2 did not significantly stimulate either femoral or vertebral trabecular bone growth in rats when injected daily at a dose of 5 nmol/100 g body weight for 6 weeks, beginning 2 weeks after ovariectomy (OVX), but it strongly stimulated the growth of trabeculae in the cancellous bone of the distal femurs and L5 vertebrae when injected at 25 nmol/100 g body weight. By contrast [Leu27]cyclo(Glu22-Lys26)hPTH(1-28)NH2 significantly stimulated trabecular bone growth when injected at 5 nmol/100 g of body weight. Thus, these modifications have brought the bone anabolic potency of hPTH(1-28)NH2 considerably closer to the potencies of the larger PTH peptides and analogs.
Taxonomic characterization and plant colonizing abilities of some bacteria related to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis (2004)

The phylogenetic relationships of 17 Bacillus strains isolated from plants and soil were determined from partial sequences of genes encoding 16S rRNA, gyraseA (gyrA) and the cheA histidine kinase. Five strains were closely related to Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis, three strains were more closely related to B. subtilis subsp. spizizeni and two strains were identified as B. mojavensis. The remaining seven strains formed a cluster closely related to, but distinct from, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Some of these strains formed red-pigmented colonies. The abilities of selected strains to survive in the rhizosphere and to colonize plants were studied using oilseed rape (Brassica napus), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) as model plants. It was shown by following the titre of bacteria in seedlings and by scanning electron microscopy that survival of Bacillus cells on the roots of seedlings during the first week after treatment of seeds with spore suspensions was crucial for colonization of the rhizosphere and for biocontrol activity. The group of strains related to B. amyloliquefaciens were generally better adapted to colonization of the rhizosphere of plants than other members of the B. subtilis group and could be considered a distinct ecotype of B. amyloliquefaciens. Bacteria in this taxon could be recognized on the basis of amplification of a PCR product with primers directed to the tetB(L) locus but no product with primers directed to the alpha-amylase gene of B.amyloliquefaciens sensu stricto.
Comparative thermal analysis of different rotor types for a high-speed permanent-magnet electrical machine (2009)

A thermal analysis of three different rotor constructions for a high-speed permanent-magnet electrical machine is performed. The first type of rotor has a carbon-fibre sleeve for retaining the magnets against the centrifugal forces and an aluminium shield for eddy currents. The other two rotors have retaining sleeves made of different titanium alloys and do not have additional eddy-current shields. The thermal analysis of the rotor types is performed using two completely different approaches. The first implemented method is a numerical-multiphysics one that couples computational fluid dynamics equations with heat-transfer equations. For better reliability of the analysis, a traditional thermal-network method is also implemented for estimation of the temperature distribution in the examined rotors. The accuracy of the aforementioned methods is verified using experimental results for the average temperature rise of the permanent magnets. The results obtained from the implemented methods show that although the rotor with a retaining sleeve made of titanium alloy Ti–6%Al–6%V–2%Sn does not have any eddy-current shield, it fulfils the thermal constraints and can be implemented for high-speed applications.
A new species of sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from the Sea of Japan: <i>Cribrinopsis japonica</i> sp. nov. (2014)

A new species of sea anemone from the Sea of Japan is described as Cribrinopsis japonica sp. nov. In Toyama Bay, pinkish-colored anemones have been frequently caught by the local fishermen but never identified. In this study, specimens were collected from the Sea of Japan (36°58'5N, 137°22'7E) between 2010 and 2012. These anemones are identified as a new species of Cribrinopsis differing from known species in the verrucae, cnidae, and the arrangements of tentacles and mesenteries. The species may be confused with C. fernaldi Siebert and Spaulding, 1976, which is reportedly present in the Sea of Japan, but decamerous C. japonica sp. nov. is distinctly different from the hexamerous C. fernaldi.
Practice Makes Perfect: An Optimization-Based Approach to Controlling Agile Motions for a Quadruped Robot (2016)

ISSN:1070-9932
The tribological properties of MoS2 coatings in vacuum, low relative humidity, and high relative humidity environments (1988)

We have rf-sputter deposited MoS2 coatings onto stainless-steel plates using two extreme combinations of deposition conditions. Raman spectroscopy indicates that there is a small but significant difference in the number of sulfur–sulfur bonds and the amount of amorphous material present in the two types of coatings. The friction and wear properties were evaluated within five days of deposition and after being stored for 150 days in 35%–45% relative humidity followed by over 75 days in (1) 2% or (2) 98% relative humidity environments. The more crystalline material had a coefficient of friction of 0.085±0.017 in lab air and 0.06±0.005 in ultrahigh vacuum. For lab air testing the coefficient of friction increased with wet storage to 0.10±0.01, and the wear life decreased by a factor of 3 for dry storage and by a factor of 10 for wet storage. The MoS2 material with the larger amount of amorphous material has a coefficient of friction of 0.10±0.013 which increased to 0.14±0.04 for storage in the wet environment. The wear life of the MoS2 coating with the greater amount of amorphous material improved significantly (by 100%) for storage in the wet environment. These results are consistent with the observations of others who noted that water vapor promotes the conversion of MoS2 to MoO3.
Physiological functions of protein kinase B/Akt (2004)

The genetic manipulation of mice has become an essential and elegant method for studying the function of proteins in physiology, and for testing the veracity of information obtained from cell culture experiments. During the past few years, a variety of transgenic and knockout mouse models of PKB (protein kinase B)/Akt have been generated and investigated. In this paper, we focus on the phenotypes of these PKB/Akt overexpression and mutant mice that may help to elucidate the functions exerted by PKB/Akt in mammals.
Deep learning extends de novo protein modelling coverage of genomes using iteratively predicted structural constraints (2019)

The inapplicability of amino acid covariation methods to small protein families has limited their use for structural annotation of whole genomes. Recently, deep learning has shown promise in allowing accurate residue-residue contact prediction even for shallow sequence alignments. Here we introduce DMPfold, which uses deep learning to predict inter-atomic distance bounds, the main chain hydrogen bond network, and torsion angles, which it uses to build models in an iterative fashion. DMPfold produces more accurate models than two popular methods for a test set of CASP12 domains, and works just as well for transmembrane proteins. Applied to all Pfam domains without known structures, confident models for 25% of these so-called dark families were produced in under a week on a small 200 core cluster. DMPfold provides models for 16% of human proteome UniProt entries without structures, generates accurate models with fewer than 100 sequences in some cases, and is freely available.
Effect of strabismus surgery on torticollis caused by congenital superior oblique palsy in young children (2014)

Simultaneous superior oblique tuck and inferior oblique muscle recession can successfully treat selected cases of congenital superior oblique palsy. About one-third required an additional procedure, which led to total normalization of the head position.
Kinetics of the total oxidation of para-xylene and its mixtures with carbon monoxide over supported copper catalysts (2014)

The kinetics of the total oxidation of para-xylene and its mixtures with CO over alumina-supported copper catalysts has been investigated at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range from 200 to 270°C. The reactions over the catalysts 10%CuO/γ-Al2O3 and (10%CuO + 20%CeO2)/γ-Al2O3 obey the same kinetic equations in fractional rational form. These equations imply that the reactions occur at medium surface coverages of adsorbed substances and differ only in numerical values of constants. The simultaneous oxidation of para-xylene and CO reveals a complicated mutual influence associated with the formation of new intermediates inducing a change in the kinetics of the process.
STEM probe characteristics at large defoci for use in ptychographical imaging (2008)

A possible configuration for undertaking diffractive imaging microscopy in the conventional scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is to defocus the probe by a large distance in order to minimise the number of diffraction patterns required to reconstruct the ptychographical image. Although the characteristics of STEM probes have been well explored and measured near the beam crossover, they are rarely observed (or calculated) at very large defoci. In this paper we compare probes calculated under a variety of approximations with measured data from a JEOL 2010F in STEM mode. When the illumination aperture is narrow and the defocus is large (near parallel illumination useful for ptychographical imaging) the Ronchigram cannot be used easily to characterize aberration, We develop an alternative method of estimating the effective aperture size and condenser lens spherical aberration.
Electrical contraction of the anal sphincter for intraoperative visualization of anal function (2020)

Electrical muscular stimulation feasibly enabled visualization of anal function under general anesthesia in a porcine model.
Systematic preclinical evaluation of CD33-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia defines optimized construct design (2021)

clinicaltrials.gov; NCT03971799.
NHVM: Design and Implementation of Linux Server Virtual Machine Using Hybrid Virtualization Technology (2010)

The virtualization technology has been developed rapidly with the growth of the hardware supported virtualization technologies and the appearance of the various services. Many researchers are concentrating on developing the virtualization technologies which are recognized as the most significant core technology of the IT applications such as green IT and cloud computing. The major processor companies have introduced various hardware supported virtualization technologies for overcoming the limitations of the software virtualization technologies. Until now, however, the hardware supported virtualization technologies are used only for supporting the full-virtualization technologies. In this paper, we introduced our efficient server virtual machine, which merged the hardware supported virtualization technologies with conventional para-virtualization technologies. Through our proposed hybrid virtualization technology, we could reduce the complexity and overhead of traditional server virtual machines. And lastly, we evaluated and compared our proposed virtual machine with traditional server virtual machines through the experiments.
Silicon Photonics: Opportunities and Challenges (2008)

The tutorial will provide a broad introduction to the field of silicon photonics, with emphasis on the major opportunities and challenges encountered when applying silicon technology for photonic integrated circuits.
Random Isotropic Texturing of Sliver Silicon Solar Cells (2006)

Texturing has enabled the manufacture of SLIVER cells with efficiencies in excess of 19% and boosts in SLIVER module performance of 16%. The improvement was due to reduced reflection losses and improved light trapping. Excellent texturing results could also be expected on multicrystalline silicon wafers due to the isotropic nature of the texturing process
Purification and cloning of a proline 3-hydroxylase, a novel enzyme which hydroxylates free L-proline to cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline (1997)

Proline 3-hydroxylase was purified from Streptomyces sp. strain TH1, and its structural gene was cloned. The purified enzyme hydroxylated free L-proline to cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline and showed properties of a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (H. Mori, T. Shibasaki, Y. Uosaki, K. Ochiai, and A. Ozaki, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 62:1903-1907, 1996). The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was 35 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.3. The optimal pH and temperature were 7.0 and 35 degrees C, respectively. The K(m) values were 0.56 and 0.11 mM for L-proline and 2-oxoglutarate, respectively. The Kcat value of hydroxylation was 3.2 s-1. Determined N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the purified protein were not found in the SwissProt protein database. A DNA fragment of 74 bp was amplified by PCR with degenerate primers based on the determined N-terminal amino acid sequence. With this fragment as a template, a digoxigenin-labeled N-terminal probe was synthesized by PCR. A 6.5-kbp chromosome fragment was cloned by colony hybridization with the labeled probe. The determined DNA sequence of the cloned fragment revealed a 870-bp open reading frame (ORF 3), encoding a protein of 290 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 33,158. No sequence homolog was found in EMBL, GenBank, and DDBJ databases. ORF 3 was expressed in Escherichia coli DH1. Recombinants showed hydroxylating activity five times higher than that of the original bacterium, Streptomyces sp. strain TH1. It was concluded that the ORF 3 encodes functional proline 3-hydroxylase.
Blue light-emitting diodes with a roughened backside fabricated by wet etching (2009)

The InGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a roughened patterned backside on the N-face GaN surface were fabricated through a crystallographic etching process to increase light-extraction efficiency. After laser decomposition, laser scribing, and a lateral crystallographic wet etching process at the GaN/Al2O3 interface, stable crystallographic etching planes were formed as the GaN {1011¯} planes that included an angle with the top GaN (0001) plane measured at 58°. The GaN buffer layer acted as the sacrificial layer for the laser decomposition process and the lateral wet etching process with a 26 μm/min etching rate. The LED with the inverted pyramidal N-face GaN surface close to the GaN/Al2O3 interface has a larger light-scattering process than the conventional LED. The light-output power of the LED with the backside roughened surface had a 47% enhancement when measured in LED chip form.
Using stochastic logic for efficient pattern recognition analysis (2008)

We present a pattern recognition methodology based on stochastic logic. The technique implements a parallel comparison of input data from a set of sensors to various pre-stored categories. Smart pulse-based stochastic-logic blocks are constructed to provide an efficient architecture that is able to implement Bayesian techniques, thus providing a low-cost solution in terms of gate count and power dissipation. The proposed architecture is applied to a specific navigation problem demonstrating that the system provides an almost optimal solution.
Synthesis and Structures of Amino(triphenylgermyl) Boranes and Trihydro(triphenylgermyl) Borates (2001)

The B-(triphenylgermyl)borazines 4 a and 4 b, the 1,2-bis(dimethylamino)-1,2-bis(triphenylgermyl)-diborane(4), 5, and the (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino)(triphenylgermyl)-boranes 6 and 7 were prepared by allowing LiGePh3 to react with the corresponding B-bromoborazines and aminochloroboranes, respectively. BH3 dissolved in thf readily adds to LiGePh3 generating Li(H3BGePh3), 8 a, in thf solution. Addition of N-bases to the solution of 8 a produced (tmen · thf)Li(H3BGePh3), 8 b, and dimeric (py)2Li(H3BGePh3), 8 c. The borazine ring in 4 b is distorted into a boat shape. In 5 the NBGe planes are twisted against each other by 85°. Comparison with analogous (triphenylstannyl)boranes points to a more pronounced steric effect of the Ph3Ge group over the Ph3Sn group due to the shorter B–Ge bond. A fairly short B–Ge bond is found for the (triphenylgermyl)trihydroborates. The molecular structure of (Et2O)3LiGePh3 shows compressed C–Ge–C bond angles. Its molecular parameters fit well into the series LnLiEPh3 (E = Si, Sn, Pb). Synthese und Strukturen von Amino(triphenylgermyl)boranen und Trihydro(triphenylgermyl)boraten Die B-(Triphenylgermyl)borazine 4 a und 4 b, das 1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)-1,2-bis(triphenyl-germyl)diboran(4) 5 und die (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidino)(triphenylgermyl)borane 6 und 7 wurden durch Umsetzung von LiGePh3 mit den entsprechenden B-Bromoborazinen bzw. Aminochloroboranen dargestellt. In thf gelöstes BH3 addiert sich an LiGePh3 zu Li(H3BGePh3), 8 a. Zugabe von N-Basen zu dessen Lösung ergibt (tmen)(thf)Li(H3BGePh3), 8 b, und dimeres (py)2Li(H3BGePh3), 8 c. Der Borazinring in 4 b ist zu einer Bootkonformation verzerrt. In 5 sind die NBGe-Ebenen um 85° gegeneinander verdrillt. Der Vergleich mit den entspechenden (Triphenylstannyl)boranen weist auf einen ausgeprägteren sterischen Effekt de Phe3Ge-Gruppe gegenüber der Ph3Sn-Gruppe als Folge der kürzeren B–Ge-Bindung hin. In den (Triphenylgermyl)hydroboraten liegen ziemlich kurze B–Ge-Bindungen vor. Die Molekülstruktur von (Et2O)3LiGePh3 weist kleine C–Ge–C-Winkel auf. Sie passen sehr gut in die Reihe der LnLiEPh3-Verbindungen (E = Si, Sn, Pb).
Practical Robust Communication in DHTs Tolerating a Byzantine Adversary (2010)

There are several analytical results on distributed hash tables (DHTs) that can tolerate Byzantine faults. Unfortunately, in such systems, operations such as data retrieval and message sending incur significant communication costs. For example, a simple scheme used in many Byzantine fault-tolerant DHT constructions of n nodes requires O(log <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> n) messages, this is likely impractical for real-world applications. The previous best known message complexity is O(log <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> n) in expectation, however, the corresponding protocol suffers from prohibitive costs owing to hidden constants in the asymptotic notation and setup costs. In this paper, we focus on reducing the communication costs against a computationally bounded adversary. We employ threshold cryptography and distributed key generation to define two protocols both of which are more efficient than existing solutions. In comparison, our first protocol is deterministic with O(log <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> n) message complexity and our second protocol is randomized with expected O(log n) message complexity. Further, both the hidden constants and setup costs for our protocols are small and no trusted third party is required. Finally, we present results from micro benchmarks conducted over PlanetLab showing that our protocols are practical for deployment under significant levels of churn and adversarial behaviour.
Efficient neutron generation from solid-nanoparticle explosions driven by DPSSL-pumped high-repetition rate femtosecond laser pulse (2016)

We propose novel neutron source using high-intensity laser based on the cluster fusion scheme. We developed DPSSL-pumped high-repetition-rate 20-TW laser system and solid nanoparticle target for neutron generation demonstration. In our neutron generation experiment, high-energy deuterons were generated from coulomb explosion of CD solid- nanoparticles and neutrons were generated by DD fusion reaction. Efficient and stable neutron generation was obtained by irradiating an intense femtosecond laser pulse of >2×1018 W/cm2. A yield of ∼105 neutrons per shot was stably observed during 0.1-1 Hz continuous operation.