gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Magnetic Energy Harvester Using Spinning Magnetoelectric Transducer (2016)

Over recent years, there has been a growing interest in the held of energy harvesters and their applications across a wide range of areas. In the context of harvesting ambient stray magnetic energy, a magnetoelectric (ME) transducer based on piezoelectric transduction has attracted most scientihc attention. Though the ME transducers based on the electromagnetic (EM) induction mechanism promises are highly efhcient and much more easier to be integrated, research on this specihc type of ME transducer has been scarcely reported. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental results of a novel EM energy harvester. Unlike other EM harvesters that linearly vibrate, the proposed one operates in a rotatory mode, making use of a specially designed magnet array to convert the horizontal ac magnetic held into a vertical spinning magnetic held, as well as the printing coils to scavenge energy from the rotatory magnetic held. In this paper, the influence of the load, the applied magnetic held, and the magnet's spatial arrangement are studied analytically, and the experimental results obtained by our fabricated prototype are consistent with the simulation results. The fabricated harvester prototype is able to generate 23.1 μW under a 2 Oe magnetic held at a resonant frequency of 10 Hz, corresponding to a power density of 14.2 μW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Simulation and experimental results show that miniaturizing the harvester (i.e., reducing both the volume of magnet array and the area of printing coils) as well as increasing the coil turns can bring about a higher resonant frequency and a higher power density, which makes the micro-machined EM harvester a better ht for the ubiquitous 60 Hz ambient magnetic energy.
Universal Covertness for Discrete Memoryless Sources (2016)

Consider a sequence X <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> of length n emitted by a Discrete Memoryless Source (DMS) with unknown distribution p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> . The objective is to construct a lossless source code that maps X <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> to a sequence ∧Y <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> of length m that is indistinguishable, in terms of Kullback-Leibler divergence, from a sequence emitted by another DMS with known distribution p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y</sub> . The main result is the existence of a coding scheme that performs this task with an optimal ratio m/n equal to H(X)/H(Y), the ratio of the Shannon entropies of the two distributions, as n goes to infinity. The coding scheme overcomes the challenges created by the lack of knowledge about p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> by a type-based universal lossless source coding scheme that produces as output an almost uniformly distributed sequence, followed by another type-based coding scheme that jointly performs source resolvability and universal lossless source coding. The result recovers and extends previous results that either assume p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> or p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y</sub> uniform, or p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> known. The price paid for these generalizations is the use of common randomness with vanishing rate, whose length scales as the logarithm of n. By allowing common randomness larger than the logarithm of n but still negligible compared to n, a constructive low-complexity encoding and decoding counterpart to the main result is also provided for binary sources by means of polar codes.
Use of high-resolution CT imaging data in lung cancer drug development: measuring progress. (2009)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death throughout the United States.[1] Despite massive efforts, tobacco consumption continues to grow, with a large and predictable impact on premature mortality across the globe.[2]
An analysis of the Bunraku puppet's motions based on the phase correspondence of the puppet's motions axis-for the generation of humanoid robots motions with fertile emotions (2003)

In order to establish a method to generate humanoid robots motions with fertile emotions, the actions of a Bunraku puppet are measured and analyzed. Based on the motion axes of the Bunraku puppet, which represents primary part of motions, the emotional factors of the puppet's motion are represented in expansion and contraction of the puppet's motion time series. This method is applied to design new actions of the puppet in computer graphics.
Analysis of disease resistance-associated parameters in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima (2000)

To determine an optimal dose for coccidial inoculation and to evaluate genetic resistance or susceptibility in individual chickens, broilers were inoculated with four different doses of Eimeria maxima oocysts. Body weight gain, fecal oocyst shedding, concentrations of plasma NO2- + NO3-, carotenoid, and interferon-gamma were measured at two different time periods postinfection. The results showed significant dose and sex effects on most parameters and interaction between dose and sex in some parameters. The dose effects were generally linear; however, some significant quadratic effects were also observed. The measurements from chickens inoculated with 10(4) oocysts displayed the highest correlation coefficients among oocyst shedding, body weight gain, and concentrations of carotenoid and NO2- + NO3-. An infection index, calculated from the correlated parameters, displayed high correlation coefficients with the parameters. The infection index may be a better parameter for evaluating individual genetic resistance against coccidial infection.
The effect of placement and quantity of glass fibers on the fracture resistance of interim fixed partial dentures. (2001)

The results of this study suggest that the effectiveness of glass-fiber reinforcement is most evident in interim FPDs with long spans and that the positioning of reinforcement considerably influences the strength of the FPD.
“Organic CantiFET”: A Nanomechanical Polymer Cantilever Sensor With Integrated OFET (2011)

Nanomechanical cantilever based biochemical sensors translate molecular interactions into nanomechanical motions that can be measured by different transduction techniques. Improved sensitivity, reliability, and also cost effectiveness of such sensor platforms have been achieved by the use of polymer materials, along with the employment of smart and compatible transduction techniques. This paper explores an ultrasensitive nanomechanical cantilever sensor platform with a novel transduction technique by integrating a strain-sensitive organic field-effect transistor within a polymer nanomechanical cantilever. This sensor, named as “organic CantiFET,” has a surface stress sensitivity of 401 with a low-noise floor. This categorizes the organic CantiFET as an efficient biochemical sensor having a minimum detectable surface stress in the range of 0.18 mN/m.
Experimental methods (2013)

Chapter 12 describes in very practical terms the experimental procedures needed to record high-quality images of atoms using a high-resolution electron microscope. This includes focusing technique and handling and preparation of test samples, and astigmatism correction.
Inorganic cluster compounds as models for the structure of active sites in promoted hydrodesulphurization catalysts (1987)

Inorganic clusters of the type [Co(WS4)2NO]2–, [Co(WS4)(NO)2]–(PPh4 salts), [Co(MoS4)(NO)2]– and [Co(MoO2S2)(NO)2]–(NEt4 salts) have been synthesized and characterized by means of EXAFS, i.r. spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements. By comparing these results with results for Co–Mo/Al2O3 hydrodesulphurization catalysts, a better understanding has been achieved of the structural and electronic environment of the active Co-edge promoter atoms (the so-called Co—Mo—S Co atoms) which can bind NO. The ‘adsorption complex’ in the catalyst has a pseudo-tetrahedral structure in which the {Co(NO)2S2} portion is diamagnetic and obeys the 18-electron rule. The promotional effect of Co is explained in terms of an increased electron density on the neighbouring S and Mo atoms, and analogies are made to a recent classification of the acid/base properties of the bulk sulphides.
Scheduling policies for an VOD system over CATV networks (2002)

Video-on-demand (VOD) is expected to be the key residential service in the coming decade. Among other solutions, a VOD system based on current community antenna TV (CATV) transport network is the most economic, straight forward, and feasible solution. However, current CATV networks, shared by hundreds of thousands of people, can only support hundreds of broadcast channels. Therefore, the VOD system over the CATV network will have a serious problem on bandwidth limitation. We believe that a good scheduling policy can avoid the bandwidth limitation problem by utilizing the broadcast feature of the CATV networks. Two types of scheduling policies are proposed: batching without queueing policies and batching with queueing policies. We show that for a system of 5000 users with a viewing rate of 2.0 per week and an average waiting time of 10 minutes, batching without queueing policies only reject about 8% of the total requests per day. The rejection rate can be further reduced to about 5% by using batching with queueing policies. Finally, we show that the proposed BMN policy is able to schedule movies fairly, in terms of the average waiting time and the percentage of requests rejected per movie.
Refractive index as a variable in the numerical design of optical thin film systems (1982)

The role of the refractive index in the design of optical multilayer coatings is discussed. The theory of the Herpin equivalent-index concept is reviewed. New results are presented for an extension of this concept first proposed by Ikeda. A computer program is described which automatically transforms a multilayer design utilizing many refractive indices into a system based on the use of two materials only. Experimental results are given to illustrate this. It is shown how, by the use of Herpin equivalent indices, computation time during thin film synthesis can be drastically reduced.
Index (2016)

You have accessThermoformen in der PraxisMay 2016IndexIllig, Peter SchwarzmannIllig, Peter Schwarzmannhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446449480.bmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2016Pages: 497-503Print ISBN: 978-3-446-44403-4eISBN: 978-3-446-44948-0 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of Viscoelastic Substances (2001)

In Holzer et al.'s article on the effect of viscoelastic substances on intraocular pressure (IOP) and the endothelium after cataract surgery,1 the authors conclude that Healon®5 (sodium hyaluronate 2.3%) was the most protective of endothelial cell loss. This conclusion, however, is misleading based on the methods used to derive the data. In this study, the surgeon was not masked and was required to remove all the ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) at the end of surgery. The authors obviously knew that Viscoat® (sodium hyaluronate 3.0%–chondroitin sulfate 4.0%) was a dispersive OVD that was retained on the endothelium throughout the surgery because they chose to measure the removal time of only the Viscoat and Healon5 groups. The article states that the observers and patients were masked as to the OVDs. However, with 2 of the 5 groups having a special requirement (ie, timing of OVD removal), one has to question how the observers remained masked. The authors correctly state in the discussion that some endothelial cell loss with the dispersive OVDs may have been a result of the extended times needed for their complete removal. This is an important point that appears to have been forgotten when the overall conclusions were formulated. Obviously, the longer the surgeon has to remain in the anterior chamber, the more likely the unwanted effects. In addition, the more dispersive the OVD, the stronger the attraction to the endothelial cells; therefore, more effort is required to completely remove the dispersive OVD.2 With the protocol requiring complete removal of the OVD after surgery, the above 2 facts clearly bias the results against Viscoat. The Viscoat monograph states that Viscoat should be removed as completely as practical following surgery. Clinical studies have demonstrated that removing approximately 80% of Viscoat does not result in adverse IOP spikes. The approximately 20% of the Viscoat that remains in the anterior chamber is removed through the trabecular meshwork within 24 hours of surgery.3 The dispersive nature of Viscoat is a proven benefit for the surgeon during cataract surgery. The endothelial cell layer of the cornea is protected by the dispersive coating of this OVD. The protective benefits of Viscoat clearly outweigh any potential risks associated with incomplete removal following surgery, as has been proven in numerous clinical trials.2 When Viscoat is used as recommended by the manufacturer, this OVD is clearly a benefit for the surgeon. However, in the article by Holzer et al., the study design was skewed against a strong dispersive OVD and therefore the study conclusions are misleading. A fair comparison of OVDs should include the accepted method of use for each product evaluated. One must also consider the overall use of an OVD during surgery, and a risk/benefit ratio should be applied to the entire surgical procedure and not to just one aspect of it. Burkhard H. Dick MD aMainz, Germany
Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents in Renal Medicine (2011)

The four currently available erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), the main drugs for correcting anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), are epoetin alfa, epoetin beta, darbepoetin alfa, and continuous erythropoietin receptor activator. The last two have much longer half-lives, which means they can be administered less frequently. The expiry of the patents for epoetin alfa and epoetin beta some years ago opened up the way for the production of a number of biosimilars that are now marketed in the European Union. Because biosimilars cannot be identical to their originator, a complex and still-evolving regulatory policy has been generated, but there are still a number of issues concerning international naming, automatic substitution, and safety. All ESAs are effective in correcting renal anemia and increasing hemoglobin levels, but the choice of which to use should also take into account their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, their administration route, and economic issues. Following the publication of a number of trials indicating no benefit (and even possible harm) when ESAs are used to aim at near-normal hemoglobin levels in CKD patients, the hemoglobin target has become a major subject of discussion. According to the position statement of the Anemia Group of the European Renal Best Practice, it should generally be about 11-12 g/dL; however, a risk-benefit evaluation is warranted in individual patients, and high ESA doses driven by hyporesponsiveness should be avoided.
A Benchmark Evaluation of a Multi-threaded RISC Processor Architecture. (1991)

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to provide beneficial effects on health; however, the amount consumed in food is far from that required for the desired effects. Thus, increasing the CLA content in dairy foods through milk fermentation with specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) offers an interesting alternative. Moreover, some LAB may be able to adhere to the intestinal mucosa and produce CLA through endogenous synthesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to screen LAB isolates for their ability to produce CLA in skim milk and in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Additionally, the ability of selected CLA-producing LAB to adhere to the intestinal mucosa in a murine model was assessed. Results showed that of 13 strains of Lactobacillus tested, only 4 were able to produce CLA in skim milk supplemented with linoleic acid (13.44 ± 0.78 to 50.9 ± 0.26 µg/mL). Furthermore, these 4 Lactobacillus strains were able to survive and produce CLA in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and to adhere to the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats after 7 d of oral inoculation with fluorescently labeled bacteria. Accordingly, these 4 Lactobacillus strains may be used to manufacture fermented dairy foods to increase CLA content, and consumption of these fermented milks may result in CLA produced endogenously by these LAB.
Occurrence of bile alcohol glucuronides in bile of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (1980)

Using thin-layer chromatography, bile alcohol glucuronides were found with taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acids in the bile of four patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. The concentration of the bile alcohol glucuronides was 1.7-5.2 times higher than that of the conjugated bile acids. Detectable amounts of unconjugated bile alcohols were not found in the bile of these patients. The bile alcohol glucuronides were isolated from the bile of one of the patients by means of preparative thin-layer chromatography. Treatment with beta-glucuronidase of the bile alcohol glucuronides liberated glucuronic acid and a mixture of bile alcohols. More than 90% of the liberated bile alcohols was 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 25-tetrol, and lesser amounts of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 23-tetrol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 24-tetrol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 23, 25-pentol, and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,-7 alpha, 12 alpha, 24 alpha, 25-pentol were also obtained. The bile alcohol glucuronides were not oxidized by the treatment with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, indicating that the glucuronide moiety was at 3 alpha-hydroxyl position of the bile alcohols. Comparison of the mass spectra of the acetylated and methylated derivatives of the natural glucuronides and the synthetic 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25-triacetoxy-5 beta-cholestan-3 alpha-O-(methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyluronate) also indicated that the bile alcohol glucuronides consisted of mainly 5 beta - cholestane - 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25 - tetrol - glucuronide.
Concept Generalization in Visual Representation Learning (2021)

Measuring concept generalization, i.e., the extent to which models trained on a set of (seen) visual concepts can be leveraged to recognize a new set of (unseen) concepts, is a popular way of evaluating visual representations, especially in a self-supervised learning framework. Nonetheless, the choice of unseen concepts for such an evaluation is usually made arbitrarily, and independently from the seen concepts used to train representations, thus ignoring any semantic relationships between the two. In this paper, we argue that the semantic relationships between seen and unseen concepts affect generalization performance and propose ImageNet-CoG, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> a novel benchmark on the ImageNet-21K (IN-21K) dataset that enables measuring concept generalization in a principled way. Our benchmark leverages expert knowledge that comes from WordNet in order to define a sequence of unseen IN-21K concept sets that are semantically more and more distant from the ImageNet-1K (IN-1K) subset, a ubiquitous training set. This allows us to benchmark visual representations learned on IN-1K out-of-the box. We conduct a large-scale study encompassing 31 convolution and transformer-based models and show how different architectures, levels of supervision, regularization techniques and use of web data impact the concept generalization performance.
Broadband Dispersion-Induced Power Fading Compensation in Long-Haul Analog Optical Link Based on 2-Ch Phase Modulator (2012)

A broadband dispersion compensation scheme based on a 2-Ch phase modulator (2-Ch PM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in the long-haul analog optical link. Benefiting from the complementary power fading function for the phase and intensity modulated link, which are simultaneously obtained by using the 2-Ch PM, the broadband and long-reach dispersion compensation is implemented. The experimental results show that the dispersion-induced power fading is greatly mitigated for the radio frequency (RF) signal with a bandwidth up to 18 GHz over 24.45-km single-mode fiber (SMF) transmission. Meanwhile, the system spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is improved with a maximum value of 24 at the frequency of 17.5 GHz; the vector signal transmission performance has also been improved.
Design of Robust Failure Detection Filters (1986)

An essential aspect of the design of control systems for large, flexible spacecraft is fault tolerance. Because it is anticipated that a large number of sensors and actuators will be required to realize good control over these assemblies, the detection and isolation of component failures cannot be based on direct comparisons among replicated components. Instead, the notion of analytic redundancy must be employed for the FDI function. Unfortunately this makes the FDI function sensitive to modeling errors which are certain to exist in the large space structure problem due to model truncation and parameter uncertainty. This paper addresses the robustness to model error of one method of FDI residual generation - the failure detection filter. Initial designs were found to be extremely sensitive to modeling error. The sources of this sensitivity are analyzed and modifications to the design are suggested. The improved filter is shown to have much better visibility of the failure signatures relative to the background due to modeling error.
Genome sequence and description of Urinicoccus timonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from a human stool sample (2020)

<i>Urinicoccus timonensis</i> gen. nov., sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3926<sup>T</sup> is a new species from the phylum <i>Firmicutes</i> and the family <i>Peptoniphilaceae</i> that was isolated from a human faeces sample. Genome was 1 978 908 bp long with a 41.1 G + C content. The closest species based on 16S ribosomal RNA was <i>Peptoniphilus ivorii</i> DSM 10022 with 90.8% sequence similarity. Considering phenotypic features, 16S rRNA sequence and comparative genome studies, we proposed Marseille- P3926<sup>T</sup> as the strain type of <i>Urinicoccus timonensis</i> gen. nov., sp. nov.