gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyphenol-Rich Strawberry Extract Protects Human Dermal Fibroblasts against Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidative Damage and Improves Mitochondrial Functionality (2014)

Strawberry bioactive compounds are widely known to be powerful antioxidants. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of a polyphenol-rich strawberry extract were evaluated using human dermal fibroblasts exposed to H2O2. Firstly, the phenol and flavonoid contents of strawberry extract were studied, as well as the antioxidant capacity. HPLC-DAD analysis was performed to determine the vitamin C and β-carotene concentration, while HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS analysis was used for anthocyanin identification. Strawberry extract presented a high antioxidant capacity, and a relevant concentration of vitamins and phenolics. Pelargonidin- and cyanidin-glycosides were the most representative anthocyanin components of the fruits. Fibroblasts incubated with strawberry extract and stressed with H2O2 showed an increase in cell viability, a smaller intracellular amount of ROS, and a reduction of membrane lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Strawberry extract was also able to improve mitochondrial functionality, increasing the basal respiration of mitochondria and to promote a regenerative capacity of cells after exposure to pro-oxidant stimuli. These findings confirm that strawberries possess antioxidant properties and provide new insights into the beneficial role of strawberry bioactive compounds on protecting skin from oxidative stress and aging.
A new connection space for low-dimensional spectral color management (2014)

Multi- or hyper-spectral pixels are usually represented as vectors with high dimensionality. For many applications, not all of these dimensions are actually necessary, and a few values are enough to measure and/or process the pixel with a very good accuracy. In this work, we introduce a new strategy to reduce the dimensionality of spectral images ranging in the visible wavelengths, for purposes of color management. We define a new Interim Connection Space (ICS) that contains only five dimensions, and show that it has numerous advantages over state-of-the-art ICS such as LabPQR. In particular, it allows for a better spectral reconstruction accuracy.
Gene silencing of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP1 gene by aberrant methylation in leukemias/lymphomas. (2002)

High-frequent silencing of hematopoietic cell-specific protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP1 gene by promoter methylation was detected in various kinds of leukemias and lymphomas, as well as in many hematopoietic cell lines, which is supported by our previous observation of strong decrease of SHP1 mRNA and protein. The promoter methylation of the SHP1 gene was clearly correlated with the clinical stage. Loss of heterozygosity with microsatellite markers near the SHP1 gene was shown in 79% of informative acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases. These results suggest that functional loss of SHP1 is associated with the pathogenesis of leukemias/lymphomas.
Cooperative Jamming in MIMO ad-hoc networks (2009)

In this work, we investigate cooperative jamming schemes for the transmission of confidential messages in ad-hoc networks. By letting mobile units (the helpers) in the vicinity of a legitimate receiver send out jamming signals while a transmitter communicates with the receiver, an environment that is hostile to any eavesdroppers can be established. Meanwhile, the jamming signals are designed in an intelligent way such that the interference that the legitimate receiver experiences is kept low. Two particular approaches are considered, namely, Uncoordinated Cooperative Jamming (UCJ) and Coordinated Cooperative Jamming (CCJ). For both approaches, we present simulation results of the secrecy rate with respect to the node density of the network, the area the helpers occupy, and the number of transmit/receive antennas.
Roughness of bainite (2006)

A bainite sheaf does not have a simple geometry, making it difficult to characterise or calculate its fundamental properties, such as the total amount of interfacial area per unit volume. The sheaf is, in the language of fractals, a rough object in which the area is a function of how the measurements are made. Micrographs taken at a variety of resolutions have been analysed to reveal how the area scales with resolution. It is found that although the interface is rough, it is far less so when compared with what might be expected from a fractal object. In other words, the ideal fractal, where self-similarity propagates over an infinite range of observation does not apply to the bainite sheaf.
Allelic Imbalance on 12q22-23 in Serum Circulating DNA of Melanoma Patients Predicts Disease Outcome (2004)

Allelic imbalance (AI) encompassing the apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (APAF-1) locus (12q22-23) is found frequently in metastatic melanoma. Circulating DNA with AI on 12q22-23 in serum was evaluated as a surrogate marker to predict biochemotherapy (BC) treatment response in melanoma patients. Sera were collected from 49 American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV melanoma patients treated with BC. Serum AI of the 12q22-23 region was demonstrated to be present before and/or after BC. BC responders showed a significantly lower frequency of AI (5 of 24, 21%) compared with nonresponders (11 of 20, 55%; Fisher's exact test, P < 0.029). Serum AI on 12q22-23 was associated with worse prognosis (log-rank test, P < 0.046). These findings indicate that serial serum genetic analysis of tumor-related AI on 12q22-23 may have clinical use in predicting tumor response to therapy.
Recovery 9 Years Post Stroke with Standardized Electrical Stimulation (2011)

ABSTRACT This case report summarizes results of a new standardized evidence-based treatment protocol regarding neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and somatosensory stimulation (SS) for a chronic stroke patient. The protocol included treatment five times per week, up to 3 hr per day for 20 months. Treatment included 20 min active NMES followed by two to three hr of SS. Repetitive task practice activities were performed during SS for targeted muscle groups. Remarkable functional recovery was noted with all outcome measures, including the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment and the Action Research Arm Test, suggesting prolonged NMES and SS therapy should be investigated further.
Risk Factors for Intravesical Recurrence after Minimally Invasive Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer (ROBUUST Collaboration) (2021)

IVR after minimally invasive RNU for UTUC is a relatively common event. Risk factors include a ureteroscopic biopsy, transurethral resection of the bladder cuff, and positive surgical margins. When possible, avoidance of transurethral resection of the bladder cuff and alternative strategies for obtaining biopsy tissue sample should be considered.
Adaptive rate-controlled scheduling for multimedia applications (1996)

We present a framework for integrated scheduling of continuous media (CM) and other applications. The framework consists of a rate-controlled on-line CPU scheduler, an admission control interface, a monitoring module and a rate adaptation interface. Rate-controlled scheduling allows processes to reserve CPU time to achieve progress guarantees. It provides firewall protection between processes such that the progress guarantee to a process is independent of how other processes actually make scheduling requests. Rate adaptation allows a CM application to adapt its rate to changes in its execution environment.
Xenotransplantation of hematopoietic cells resistant to HIV as a potential treatment for patients with AIDS. (1994)

Of the two types of retroviruses that have been isolated in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is the more common in the United States, Europe, and Central Africa. Very few monkeys have been successfully infected with HIV-1, including chimpanzee and gibbon apes. Some of the inoculated animals have developed high titer virus-specific antibody responses after infection. However, no animal has developed the disease.1 Generally, small animal species, such as rodents, are even more resistant to AIDS and are not susceptible to HIV infection through normal routes.2 The spread of AIDS and HIV infection has become a global concern and the search for a cure has been hampered by the lack of suitable animal models.

We propose to consider these “negative results” in the development of suitable animal models as a potential clue for the treatment, that is, to verify whether hematopoietic cells from a donor that does not develop AIDS can transfer disease resistance to an infected recipient. If patients with AIDS could be successfully transplanted with xenogeneic bone marrow cells (BMC) from a resistant species, a gradual replacement of the dying lymphoid cells of the recipient could occur, with BMC from the resistant donor that could selectively survive.3 We report the first attempt to verify this hypothesis by reconstitution of an AIDS patient with xenogeneic bone marrow from a resistant species, the baboon.
Development of an inverse optimization package to plan nonuniform dose distributions based on spatially inhomogeneous radiosensitivity extracted from biological images (2007)

An inverse optimization package which is capable of generating nonuniform dose distribution with subregional dose escalation is developed to achieve maximum equivalent uniform dose (EUD) for target while keeping the critical structure doses as low as possible. Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps obtained with a dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI technique were used to delineate spatial radiosensitivity distributions. The voxel rCBV was converted to voxel radiosensitivity parameters (e.g., alpha and alpha/beta) based on previously reported correlations between rCBV, tumor grade, and radiosensitivity. A software package, DOSEPAINT, developed using MATLAB, optimizes the beamlet weights to achieve maximum EUD for target while limiting doses to critical structures. Using DOSEPAINT, we have generated nonuniform 3D-dose distributions for selected patient cases. Depending on the variation of the pixel radiosensitivity, the subregional dose escalation can be as high as 35% of the uniform dose as planned conventionally. The target dose escalation comes from both the inhomogeneous radiosensitivities and the elimination of integral target dose constraint. The target EUDs are found to be higher than those for the uniform dose planned ignoring the spatial inhomogeneous radiosensitivity. The EUDs for organs at risk are found to be approximately equal to or lower than those for the uniform dose plans. In conclusion, we have developed a package that is capable of generating nonuniform dose distributions optimized for spatially inhomogeneous radiosensitivity. Subregional dose escalation may lead to increased treatment effectiveness as indicated by higher EUDs. The current development will impact biological image guided radiotherapy.
Unified Modeling Framework for Thin-Film Evaporation from Micropillar Arrays Capturing Local Interfacial Effects (2019)

Thin-film evaporation from micropillar array porous media has gained attention in a number of fields including energy conversion and thermal management of electronics. Performance in these applications is enhanced by leveraging the geometries of the micropillar arrays to both optimize flow through these arrays via capillary pumping and increase the curved liquid-vapor interface (meniscus) area for active phase-change heat transfer. In this work, we present a unified semianalytical modeling framework to predict the dry-out heat flux accurately for thin-film evaporation from micropillar arrays with the precise prediction of (i) the pressure profile along the wick achieved by discretizing the porous media domain and (ii) the local permeability that depends on the local meniscus shape. We validate the permeability model with 3D numerical simulations and verify the accuracy of the thin-film evaporation modeling framework with available experimental data from the literature. We emphasize the importance of predicting an accurate liquid-vapor interface shape for the prediction accuracy of both the permeability and the associated governing equations for liquid propagation and phase-change heat transfer through porous materials. This modeling framework is an accurate non-CFD-based methodology for predicting the dry-out heat flux during thin-film evaporation from micropillar arrays and will serve as a general framework for modeling steady liquid-vapor phase-change processes (evaporation and condensation) in porous media.
Secure Swarm UAV-Assisted Communications With Cooperative Friendly Jamming (2022)

This article proposes a cooperative friendly jamming framework for swarm unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks with wireless energy harvesting (EH). In particular, we consider a swarm of hovering UAVs that relays information from a terrestrial base station to a distant mobile user and simultaneously generates friendly jamming signals to interfere/obfuscate an eavesdropper. Due to the limited energy of the UAVs, we develop a collaborative time-switching relaying protocol that allows the UAVs to collaborate in harvesting wireless energy, relay information, and jam the eavesdropper. To evaluate the performance, we derive the secrecy outage probability (SOP) for two popular detection techniques at the eavesdropper, i.e., selection combining and maximum-ratio combining. Monte Carlo simulations are then used to validate the theoretical SOP derivation. Using the derived SOP, one can obtain engineering insights to optimize the EH time and the number of UAVs in the swarm to achieve a given secrecy protection level. Furthermore, simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed framework in terms of SOP compared to the conventional AF relaying system. The analytical SOP derived in this work can also be helpful in future UAV secure-communication optimizations (e.g., trajectory and locations of UAVs). As an example, we present a case study to find the optimal corridor to locate the swarm so as to minimize the system SOP. Our proposed framework helps secure communications for various applications that require large coverage, e.g., industrial IoT, smart city, intelligent transportation systems, and critical IoT infrastructures, such as energy and water.
Approximate Analysis of Cylindrical Ferroelectric Capacitor and Derivation of Drain Current Characteristics in Ferroelectric Gate-All-Around Carbon Nanotube Transistor (2011)

Drain current vs gate voltage and drain current vs drain voltage characteristics have been derived in a ferroelectric gate-all-around carbon nanotube (CNT) transistor. An approximate analysis to derive the polarization characteristics in a cylindrical ferroelectric capacitor is first presented. It has been found that the characteristics can be approximated by those of a parallel-plate capacitor having the same area as the inner electrode of the cylindrical capacitor and the same thickness as the ferroelectric cylinder. Then, the drain current characteristics of the ferroelectric gate-all-around CNT transistor are derived by combining the analysis on the cylindrical capacitor and the ballistic transport theory on CNT transistors. The gate structure is assumed to be such that CNTs with diameters of 1 and 2 nm are surrounded with a 5-nm-thick poly(vinyliden fluoride–trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF–TrFE)] film. It has been found that, in this structure, the CNT transistor can operate as a memory transistor with an appropriate voltage margin.
Measurement of very short fluorescence lifetimes by single-photon counting (1976)

Measurement of very short fluorescence lifetimes by the single-photon technique is made possible by an improved fluorescence lifetime system. Fluorescence lifetimes of 4.94±0.07 nsec for anthracene in cyclohexane, 640±30 psec for diphenyl butadiene in cyclohexane, and 90±30 psec for erythrosin in water were determined. The use of a small wavelength shift between excitation and emission minimizes the effect of the wavelength dependence of the photomultiplier response and light pulser emission. The effects of deaeration of solutions and time averaging of the excitation profile are presented. We investigated the origin of small-amplitude early and late artifactual peaks in the light pulser and fluorescence profiles. Complications in the analysis of lifetime data introduced by intrinsic fluorescence and phosphorescence processes in commonly used absorption filters are discussed. Certain ’’blind spots’’ are found in the electronic pulse pileup rejection schemes most commonly used in photon counting.
Zone sharing (2005)

In the resource over-constrained environment of sensor networks, techniques for storing data locally in sensor nodes have been proposed to support efficient processing of ad-hoc queries. These data-centric storage (DCS) techniques differ in the method of mapping events to sensors, but all of them fail to deal with storage hot-spots due to irregular sensors deployments, and(or) data distributions. In this paper, we present Zone Sharing (ZS), a novel distributed scheme for the decomposition of storage hot-spots. We apply ZS to the DIM scheme, which has been shown to be the best among all DCS schemes. ZS locally detects hot-spots and tries to evenly distribute their loads among the sensor nodes in the network. Simulations have shown the efficiency of ZS in decomposing small to moderate sized hot-spots without imposing an additional energy load to the network nodes.
Fully Optimized Long Period Fiber Grating Designs for Ultrafast Optical Differentiation (2011)

We propose a novel design for arbitrary-order optical differentiation based on a especially-apodized long period fiber grating operated in transmission to fully optimize the energetic efficiency and processing speed of the device.
Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Cyclic Peptides Using an Intramolecular Sonogashira Coupling (2005)

[Reaction: see text]. Small peptides having a 3-bromobenzyl group at the C-termini and n-alkynoyl group at the N-termini undergo a smooth copper-free intramolecular Sonogashira coupling reaction to afford the corresponding cyclic peptides in moderate yields. Scope and limitations of this macrocyclization is demonstrated with di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides.
Probing the limits of superconductivity (2002)

DC voltage versus current measurements of superconductors in a magnetic field are widely interpreted to imply that a phase transition occurs into a state of zero resistance. We show that the widely-used scaling function approach has a problem: Good data collapse occurs for a wide range of critical exponents and temperatures. This strongly suggests that agreement with scaling alone does not prove the existence of the phase transition. We discuss a criterion to determine if the scaling analysis is valid, and find that all of the data in the literature that we have analyzed fail to meet this criterion. Our data on YBCO films, and other data that we have analyzed, are more consistent with the occurrence of small but non-zero resistance at low temperature.
Mixed Reality Guidance System for Motherboard Assembly Using Tangible Augmented Reality (2020)

We developed a mixed reality guidance system (MRGS) for motherboard assembly with purpose of exploring the usability and viability of using mixed reality and tangible augmented reality (TAR) for simulating hands-on manual assembly tasks. TAR was used to remove the need for real-world parts as well as to provide a natural interaction medium for our system. To evaluate our system, we conducted two usability studies involving 25 (10 experienced and 15 naive) participants. For the first study, participants were tasked to rate only the proposed interaction technique. Both experienced and naive participants gave acceptable scores, with experienced users giving significantly higher ratings. In the second study, participants were tasked to partially assemble the motherboard using the MRGS. Participants who utilized the MRGS were able to properly determine the correct orientation and location of the motherboard parts, in contrast to the control group. Observations of users while performing the tasks as well as user feedback through survey questionnaires and interviews are presented and discussed in this paper.
Evaporation from a shallow water table: Diurnal dynamics of water and heat at the surface of drying sand (2013)

Accurate estimates of water losses by evaporation from shallow water tables are important for hydrological, agricultural, and climatic purposes. An experiment was conducted in a weighing lysimeter to characterize the diurnal dynamics of evaporation under natural conditions. Sampling revealed a completely dry surface sand layer after 5 days of evaporation. Its thickness was &lt;1 cm early in the morning, increasing to reach 4–5 cm in the evening. This evidence points out fundamental limitations of the approaches that assume hydraulic connectivity from the water table up to the surface, as well as those that suppose monotonic drying when unsteady conditions prevail. The computed vapor phase diffusion rates from the apparent drying front based on Fick's law failed to reproduce the measured cumulative evaporation during the sampling day. We propose that two processes rule natural evaporation resulting from daily fluctuations of climatic variables: (i) evaporation of water, stored during nighttime due to redistribution and vapor condensation, directly into the atmosphere from the soil surface during the early morning hours, that could be simulated using a mass transfer approach and (ii) subsurface evaporation limited by Fickian diffusion, afterward. For the conditions prevailing during the sampling day, the amount of water stored at the vicinity of the soil surface was 0.3 mm and was depleted before 11:00. Combining evaporation from the surface before 11:00 and subsurface evaporation limited by Fickian diffusion after that time, the agreement between the estimated and measured cumulative evaporation was significantly improved.
Precision of determining bone pose and marker position in the foot and lower leg from computed tomography scans: How low can we go in radiation dose? (2019)

Computed tomography (CT) imaging can be used to determine bone pose, sometimes combined with skin-mounted markers. For this specific application, a lower radiation dose than the conventional clinical dose might suffice. This study aims to determine how lowering the radiation dose of a CT-scan of the ankle and foot affects the precision of detecting bone pose and marker position. Radiation dose is proportional to tube charge. Hence, an adult cadaveric leg was scanned 10 times at four different tube charges (150, 75, 50 and 20 mAs) with a Philips Brilliance 64 CT scanner. Precision of detecting bone and marker position at 50 mAs was not significantly different from 75 mAs and from the clinically used 150 mAs, but higher than 20 mAs. Furthermore, no differences of the precision in detecting bone orientation were found. These results indicate that the radiation dose can be reduced by a factor 3 compared to the clinically usual radiation dose, without affecting the precision of detecting bone pose and marker position in the foot and ankle.