gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sideband generation using electro-optic modulation for micro- and millimeter-wave photonics (2007)

We describe electro-optic modulation techniques for high-speed signal generation. Double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) can generate optical two-tone signals which are useful for high-frequency signal generation. We also discuss high-order sideband generation techniques which can provide very high-frequency components from low-frequency modulation signals: quadruple USB-SC (QDSB-SC) modulation and reciprocating optical modulation (ROM).
Oxidation and dismutation of superoxide ion solutions to molecular oxygen. Singlet vs. triplet state (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation and dismutation of superoxide ion solutions to molecular oxygen. Singlet vs. triplet stateEdward J. Nanni Jr., Robert R. Birge, Lynn M. Hubbard, Mark M. Morrison, and Donald T. SawyerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 3, 737–741Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50217a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50217a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biochemical properties of a thermophilic alkalophile. (1987)

A thermophilic alkalophile (IC strain) which can grow well in an alkaline medium at over 55°C was isolated from soil samples, and identified as Bacillus licheniformis; its growth on a neutral medium was, however, very poor. This strain was able to grow at 37°C as well as at 55°C, but the specific growth rate at 55°C was about twice as high as that at 37°C under alkaline conditions. The intracellular pH remained below 9.5 when Na+ was present in the medium. Na+ stimulated the alanine uptake by cells or membrane vesicles, but was not required ATP synthesis. Intracellular enzymes were stable on heat treatment up to 60°C. The residual activity of enolase after heating at 60°C for 10min was about 80%. Cytochrome oxidase in membrane vesicles was completely stable up to 58°C for 30min. These enzymes were also resistant to SDS treatment, more than 50% of their activities remaining at 5% SDS.
Plastics additives an industrial guide (1987)

DLVO theory has been applied to cement suspensions containing admixtures. Two different batches of the same cement, different only in storage history, are compared. It is found that, although their general sedimentation behavior is similar, differences exist in the zeta potential and basic chemistry. Both the superplasticizer and water-reducing admixture result in all cases in a stable dispersion, contrary to the theoretical prediction that only a coagulated suspension should exist. This finding suggests that steric hindrance plays a larger role compared to electric repulsion in the deflocculation of cement pastes than previously believed. Zeta potential and sedimentation data for CaCl2 and sugar are also presented.
Interface States in SiO<sub>2</sub>/4H-SiC(0001) Interfaces from First-Principles: Effects of Si-Si Bonds and of Nitrogen Atom Termination (2005)

First-principles calculations for the abrupt SiO2/4H-SiC interfaces accounting for Si-Si bonding and Nitrogen atom termination have been performed. Interface states due to Si-Si bonds appear at the valence band edge. Interface states at the midgap vanish when N atom terminates the Si dangling bond, but the interface states arising from the Si-N bonds appear at the valence band edge at the same time.
Automatic Generation of Comic Strip from TVML Script (2002)

近年、様々な情報伝達メディアの急速な普及に伴い、テレビ番組に関連するコンテンツも多様化し、複数のメディアを通じて楽しむ視聴形態が促進しているため、ひとつのコンテンツからマルチメディアアウトプットを自動的に作る、メディア間相互変換の研究が重要になってきている。本研究では、このメディア間自動変換のひとつとして、テレビ番組台本をマンガという印刷物に変換して提供するアプリケーションについて検討を行った。今回、マンガ生成を行うテレビ番組台本として、テレビ番組記述言語TVML(TV program Making Language)により制作されたものを対象とし、そこから得た情報を解析することで、マンガに使うコマ画像の選定・データ化、マンガを作る際に必要な情報の抽出、マンガ特有の視覚効果であるフキダシなどの生成を行い、それらを組み合わせてマンガ画像を出力するアルゴリズムを提案し、それに基づいてマンガ自動生成システムを構築した。本研究により、マンガ自動生成システム構築へ向けての見通しが得られた。提案したシステムは、テレビ放送のもとになる番組台本を解析することで、マンガという文字と絵によるメディアに変換する試みであり、これにより、テレビ番組のコンテンツをマンガに変換し、自由に携帯し、時間や場所に拘束されずに楽しむという新しい視聴形態を提供する可能性を開くことができた。
Computer automated algorithm to evaluate cavitary lesions in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis (2017)

The presence of a cavitary lesion is a radiographic hallmark of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The sizes of the cavitary lesion and its proximity to the bronchial tree have been associated with mycobacterial burden (1).
Fabrication issues for multiple layers of SOI MOSFET devices (2003)

Two basic concerns for the fabrication of multiple layers of SOI (MLSOI) devices, namely, thermal budget and SOI island thickness are discussed in this paper. To electrically characterize the dopant lateral diffusion in thin SOI films, a lateral N+ N N+ test structure was designed and simulated using TSUPREM-4 and MEDICI to investigate and measure the lateral diffusion in the SOI films. Simulation shows that the dopant profile in the thin SOI film is nice, straight and perpendicular to the silicon and SiO/sub 2/ interface. The SOI film thickness of small sized islands can be determined by employing a simple Transmission Line Model (TLM) structure.
Biomineralization:  Principles and Concepts in Bioinorganic Materials Chemistry Stephen Mann. Oxford University Press, New York, 2001. (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTBiomineralization: Principles and Concepts in Bioinorganic Materials Chemistry Stephen Mann. Oxford University Press, New York, 2001.Daniel R. TalhamView Author Information University of FloridaCite this: Crystal Growth & Design 2002, 2, 6, 675Publication Date (Web):August 22, 2002Publication History Published online22 August 2002Published inissue 1 November 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cg020033lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cg020033lbook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2473Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biomaterials,Biomineralization,Crystallization,Precipitation Get e-Alerts
Multiobjective optimization of combinatorial libraries (2001)

Combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening have caused a fundamental shift in the way chemists contemplate experiments. Designing a combinatorial library is a controversial art that involves a heterogeneous mix of chemistry, mathematics, economics, experience, and intuition. Although there seems to be little agreement as to what constitutes an ideal library, one thing is certain: Only one property or measure seldom defines the quality of the design. In most real-world applications, a good experiment requires the simultaneous optimization of several, often conflicting, design objectives, some of which may be vague and uncertain. In this paper, we discuss a class of algorithms for subset selection rooted in the principles of multiobjective optimization. Our approach is to employ an objective function that encodes all of the desired selection criteria, and then use a simulated annealing or evolutionary approach to identify the optimal (or a nearly optimal) subset from among the vast number of pos sibilities. Many design criteria can be accommodated, including diversity, similarity to known actives, predicted activity and/or selectivity determined by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models or receptor binding models, enforcement of certain property distributions, reagent cost and availability, and many others. The method is robust, convergent, and extensible, offers the user full control over the relative significance of the various objectives in the final design, and permits the simultaneous selection of compounds from multiple libraries in full- or sparse-array format.
Production of xylanase by the ruminal anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis (1989)

Xylanase (1,4-beta-D-xylan xylanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.8) production was investigated in the ruminal anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis. The enzyme was released principally into the culture fluid and had pH and temperature optima of 5.5 and 55 degrees C, respectively. In the presence of low concentrations of substrate, the enzyme was stabilized at 50 degrees C. Xylobiose was the principal product of xylanase action, with lesser amounts of longer-chained xylooligosaccharides. No xylose was detected, indicating that xylobiase activity was absent. Activities of xylanase up to 27 U ml-1 (1 U represents 1 micromol of xylose equivalents released min-1) were obtained for cultures grown on xylan (from oat spelt) at 2.5 mg ml-1 in shaken cultures. No growth occurred in unshaken cultures. Xylanase production declined with elevated concentrations of xylan (less than 2.5 mg ml-1), and this was accompanied by an accumulation of xylose and, to a lesser extent, arabinose. Addition of either pentose to cultures grown on low levels of xylan in which neither sugar accumulated suppressed xylanase production, and in growth studies with the paired substrates xylan-xylose, active production of the enzyme occurred during growth on xylan only after xylose had been preferentially utilized. When cellobiose, glucose, and xylose were tested as growth substrates for the production of xylanase (each initially at 2.5 mg ml-1), they were found to be less effective than xylan, and use of xylan from different origins (birch wood or larch wood) as the growth substrate or in the assay system resulted in only marginal differences in enzyme activity. However, elevated production of xylanase occurred during growth on crude hemicellulose (barley straw leaf). The results are discussed in relation to the role of the anaerobic fungi in the ruminal ecosystem, and the possible application of the enzyme in bioconversion processes is also considered.
Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> harboring a <i>bla</i><sub>CMY-2</sub>-carrying IncA/C<sub>2</sub> plasmid chromosomally integrated by IS<i>Ecp1</i> or IS<i>26</i> in layer breeding chains in Japan (2021)

Dissemination of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella is a public health concern in the egg production industry. ESC-resistant Salmonella often acquires the bla gene via insertion sequences (ISs). Therefore, this study aimed to assess antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella from Japanese layer breeding chains and egg processing chains, and determine the genetic profiles of IS-like elements in ESC-resistant Salmonella. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 224 isolates from 49 facilities involving layer breeder farms, hatcheries, pullet-rearing farms, and layer farms in breeding chains along with egg processing chains. ESC-resistant Salmonella strains were whole-genome sequenced. Among them, 40 (17.9%) were resistant to at least streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefpodoxime, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and/or kanamycin despite lacking resistance to azithromycin and meropenem. Moreover, 15 were ESC-resistant Salmonella harboring bla<sub>CMY-2</sub> (Salmonella enterica serovar Ohio, n=12; S. Braenderup, n=1; untypeable with O7:b:-, n=1) and bla<sub>CTX-M-14</sub> (S. Cerro, n=1). IncA/C<sub>2</sub> plasmids containing ISEcp1, IS26, and multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (including bla<sub>CMY-2</sub>) were identified in S. Ohio isolates from pullet-rearing and layer farms belonging to the same company. Chromosomal integration of partial or whole IncA/C<sub>2</sub> plasmids was seen with two S. Ohio isolates via ISEcp1 or IS26, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance genes such as bla<sub>CMY-2</sub> might be transmitted among the upper and the lower levels of layer breeding chains via the replicon type IncA/C<sub>2</sub> plasmids containing ISEcp1 and IS26.
Diamond schemes:An organization of parallel memories for efficient array processing (1984)

Projet CHLOE
The Complexation Equilibria of Mercury(II) Ions with Macromonocyclic 16-Membered Dioxopentamine, 18-Membered Dioxohexamine, and Their Related Compounds (1989)

Abstract We have investigated the equilibria of complexation reactions of mercury(II) ions with 16-membered macrocyclic dioxopentamine (dioxo[16]aneN5), 18-membered macrocyclic dioxohexamine (dioxo[18]aneN6), and their related compounds by employing a polarographic method and pH-metric titration. Dioxo[16]aneN5, dioxo[18]aneN6, and other dioxo ligands except dioxotetramines were found to form solely 1 : 1 ratio mercury(II) complexes designated as HgH–1L+ with displacement of one amide proton, while the macrocyclic 16-membered monooxopentamine(monooxo[16]aneN5) forms HgL2+ in addition to HgH–1L+. The substitution of amine nitrogen of dioxo[16]aneN5 by the sulfur donor unexpectedly gave no increase in the stability of mercury(II) complex of dioxo ligand, HgH–1L+.
True randomness from realistic quantum devices (2013)

Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is usable for applications, e.g., in cryptography or gambling, where unpredictability is important. To enable such applications a stronger notion of randomness, termed "true randomness", is required, which includes independence from prior information. Quantum systems are particularly suitable for true randomness generation, as their unpredictability can be proved based on physical principles. Practical implementations of Quantum RNGs (QRNGs) are however always subject to noise, i.e., influences which are not fully controlled. This reduces the quality of the raw randomness generated by the device, making it necessary to post-process it. Here we provide a framework to analyse realistic QRNGs and to determine the post-processing that is necessary to turn their raw output into true randomness.
Nickel-based bimetallic catalysts for Olefin polymerization (2019)

The insertion polymn. of polar monomers remains a significant challenge in polyolefin synthesis. Multimetallic catalysts may be suitable candidates to address this problem via secondary metal centers' electronic, steric or metal-metal cooperative effects. We have prepd. binucleating phenoxide ligands and utilized them to support mono-nickel complexes. Treatment with second metal precursors results in the formation of heterobimetallic complexes. The effect of the bimetallic catalyst structure on olefin polymn. behavior will be discussed.
Boolean expression diagrams (2002)

This paper presents a new data structure called Boolean Expression Diagrams (BEDs) for representing and manipulating Boolean functions. BEDs are a generalization of Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) which can represent any Boolean circuit in linear space and still maintain many of the desirable properties of BDDs. Two algorithms are described for transforming a BED into a reduced ordered BDD. One closely mimics the BDD apply-operator while the other can exploit the structural information of the Boolean expression. The efficacy of the BED representation is demonstrated by verifying that the redundant and non-redundant versions of the ISCAS 85 benchmark circuits are identical. In particular, it is verified that the two 16-bit multiplication circuits (c6288 and c6288nr) implement the same Boolean functions. Using BEDs, this verification problem is solved in less than a second, while using standard BDD techniques this problem is infeasible. BEDs are useful in applications where the end-result as a reduced ordered BDD is small, for example for tautology checking.
Asymptomatic Infections of the Urinary Tract * (2002)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Milestone in Urology1 Aug 2002Asymptomatic Infections of the Urinary Tract* Edward H. Kass, and Maxwell Finland Edward H. KassEdward H. Kass , and Maxwell FinlandMaxwell Finland View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64650-2AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail References 1 : Factors in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis Yale. J. Biol. & Med1955; 28: 81. Google Scholar 2 : Chemotherapeutic and antibiotic drugs in the management of infections of the urinary tract. Am. J. Med1955; 18: 764. Google Scholar 3 : The differential diagnosis of Bright's disease: clinicopathological correlation New England J. Med1943; 229: 387. Google Scholar 4 : Antibacterial management of urinary tract infections. J.A.M.A1952; 148: 165. Google Scholar 5 : Pyelonephritis. Correlation of clinical and pathologic observations in the antibiotic era M. Clin. North America1955; 39: 297. Google Scholar 6 : Evaluation of "positive" urine culture. An approach to the differentiation of significant bacteria from contaminants. Am. J. Med1956; 20: 88. Google Scholar BOSTON, MASS.(From the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory and Second and Fourth (Harvard) Medical Services, Boston City Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School)© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 168Issue 2August 2002Page: 420-424 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Edward H. Kass More articles by this author Maxwell Finland More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Multiresolutional semiotic systems (1999)

It turns out that intelligent systems cannot be completely and consistently described without reference to semiotics. Semiotics is a discipline that focuses upon maintenance of the systems of signs and symbols so that they could convey the intended meaning. Semiotics differs from mathematics and mathematical logic by its close attention to the operation of symbol grounding. Semiotics conducts this operation not only in the beginning and in the end of the problem solving process but at all stages of it. An important property of semiotic closure holds in the intelligent system as the paradigm for verification of consistency of its functioning. If a symbol demonstrates any changes in interpretation, this is recorded, and the required transformations continue under shifted interpretation. This paper outlines the set of theoretical premises required for constructing a pragmatically complete, logically consistent, and mathematically formalized semiotic system for interpretation and control.
Bidimensional phase-varying metamaterial for steering beam antenna (2007)

Dielectric substrates supporting planar periodic subwavelength metamaterial-based metallic arrays and presenting frequency dispersive phase characteristics are applied to ultra-compact high-gain and high-directivity planar antennas. In this paper, different models of metamaterial-based surfaces introducing a zero degree reflection phase shift to incident waves are firstly studied numerically using finite-element method analysis where the bandwidth and operation frequency are predicted. These surfaces are then applied in a resonant Fabry-Perot type cavity and a ray optics analysis is used to design different models of ultra-compact high-gain microstrip printed antennas. Firstly, a cavity antenna of thickness &lgr;/60 based on the use of a microstrip patch antenna and two bidimensional metamaterial-based surfaces, the first one acting as a High Impedance Surface (HIS) and the second one acting as a Partially Reflecting Surface (PRS) is designed. This cavity is then optimized for easier fabrication process and loss reduction by the use of only one bidimensionnal composite metamaterial-based surface acting as a PRS. Secondly, another surface presenting a variable phase by the use of a non periodic metamaterial-based metallic strips array is designed for a passive low-profile steering beam antenna application. Finally, a switchable operation frequency cavity by the implementation of varicap diodes is designed and fabricated. All these cavity antennas operate on subwavelength modes, the smallest cavity thickness being of the order of &lgr;/60.
Information Flow (1997)

Information is a central topic in computer science, cognitive science and philosophy. In spite of its importance in the 'information age', there is no consensus on what information is, what makes it possible, and what it means for one medium to carry information about another. Drawing on ideas from mathematics, computer science and philosophy, this book addresses the definition and place of information in society. The authors, observing that information flow is possible only within a connected distribution system, provide a mathematically rigorous, philosophically sound foundation for a science of information. They illustrate their theory by applying it to a wide range of phenomena, from file transfer to DNA, from quantum mechanics to speech act theory.
Enabling wireless VoIP (2007)

Carrier-grade mobile Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requires capacity, voice quality, and delay characteristics that equal or exceed circuit-switched designs. One challenge for enabling mobile VoIP is dealing with packets delivered at irregular intervals. Traditional receivers convert this “jitter” into end-to-end delay and frame erasures, both of which are used to define system capacity. These state-of-the-art jitter buffers account for up to 40% of the delay budget as well as the vast majority of frame erasures. In this paper, a new paradigm is introduced where we apply signal processing techniques and psychological research to reduce this delay to zero, while greatly reducing the effects of frame erasures. We do so by introducing the concept of conversational delay, based on the observation that a user only perceives the delay of a few select voice packets. This is coupled with time scale modification and packet resynchronization to reduce delay, increase quality, and increase capacity. © 2007 Alcatel-Lucent.