gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein composition as a component in the lipoprotein clearance defect in experimental diabetes. (1985)

The hypertriglyceridemia associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats is largely reflected in the plasma lipoproteins of density less than 1.006 g/ml. Analysis of the plasma apolipoproteins of these rats indicated marked alterations in both the total levels and in the lipoprotein distribution of the major apolipoproteins. In whole plasma, diabetes was associated with significant increases in apolipoprotein (apo)-AIV, apo-AI, and apo-B (mainly in the intestinally derived apo-B240) and a marked decrease in apo-E. In the d less than 1.006 g/ml lipoprotein fraction (very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL], there were significant increases in apo-B240, apo-AI, and apo-AIV and decreased levels of apo-E and the C apolipoproteins. The decrease in apo-C was primarily due to lower levels of apo-CII, and the ratio of the lipoprotein lipase inhibitor, apo-CIII, to the lipoprotein lipase activator, apo CII, was significantly increased over that in controls. The comparative clearance of triglycerides of VLDL particles from control and diabetic rat plasma was tested in recirculating heart perfusion in vitro. During 45-min perfusions of hearts from control donor rats, lipolysis of triglycerides of VLDL from diabetic rats was only 63-64% of that using plasma VLDL from control rats. Perfusion of hearts from diabetic rats with VLDL from control rats gave lipolysis values of only 53% of that obtained with normal hearts. Where both the VLDL and hearts were obtained from diabetic rats, lipolysis was 23% of that observed when both the lipoprotein and the organ were from control rats. The data suggest that in addition to depressed lipoprotein lipase activity in the tissue from diabetic rats, there are also major compositional changes in circulating lipoproteins which may contribute to defective triglyceride clearance from the circulation.
PET of Glial Metabolism Using 2-18F-Fluoroacetate (2009)

Our data support the further evaluation of (18)F-FAC PET for the assessment of glial cell metabolism associated with neuroinflammation.
CORRECTED QT DISPERSION IN CHILDREN WITH ISOLATED UNCOMPLICATED MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE (2004)

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a relatively frequent valvular abnormality. In both children and adults with MVP, an increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias has been reported. QT dispersion, defined as the difference in duration between the longest QT interval and the shortest one, for a given set of electrocardiographic leads has been proposed as a sign of regional difference in cardiac repolarization and as a marker of increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. This study was designed to compare the corrected QT dispersion (QTcD) in children with isolated uncomplicated prolapse with a normal age-and sex-matched group of children. Twenty children with MVP (mean±SD age: 8±5 years) and thirty normal children enrolled in the study. Corrected QT dispersion was manually calculated on their surface electrocardiogram in all of them. QTcD was 39±14.7 and 40±15.2 milliseconds respectively. An unpaired Student t-test was performed. There was no significant difference between the mean value of the two groups (p value&lt;0.01). The findings of our study, besides the reports of increased QT dispersion in adults, suggest that increased QT dispersion in patients with MVP is a time-evolved phenomenon and does not exist from the very early years of age.
Routes to Alkene and Epoxide Functionalized Nanoporous Materials from Poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-lactide) Triblock Copolymers (2006)

Nanoporous materials with inherently tunable surface chemistries are poised to have a considerable impact in catalysis, separations, and nanopatterning. Using core−shell cylinder forming polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polylactide (PS−PI−PLA) triblock terpolymers as templates, we were able to prepare aligned PI-coated nanoporous PS monoliths via the degradative removal of the cylindrical PLA cores. PS−PI−PLA precursors were synthesized using a combination of anionic (PS, PI) and ring-opening (PLA) polymerizations. The degree of order, alignment, and PLA degradation achievable was a strong function of molecular weight at a given triblock terpolymer composition. For intermediate molecular weight samples (25−28 kg mol-1), greater than 95% of the PLA was hydrolyzed through exposure of the monolith to a 0.1 wt % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution in 0.5 N NaOH. However, low (17.5 kg mol-1) and high (46.8 kg mol-1) molecular weight samples of identical composition showed considerable resistance to PLA degradation. Treatment of the degraded monoliths with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in aqueous tert-butyl alcohol solutions permitted the controlled epoxidation of up to 75−80% of the PI alkene units. Despite some loss in pore alignment, scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering verified the retainment of the nanoporous structure following epoxidation.
Phosphacarborane Chemistry: The 7,8,9,11-, 7,9,8,10- and 7,8,9,10-Isomers ofnido-P2C2B7H9—Diphosphadicarbaborane Analogues of 7,8,9,10-C4B7H11 (2001)

The reaction between the carborane arachno-4,6-C2B7H13 (1) and PCl3 in dichloromethane in the presence of a "proton sponge" (PS = 1,8-dimethylaminonaphthalene) resulted in the isolation of the eleven-vertex nido-diphosphadicarbaboranes 7,8,9,11-P2C2B7H, (2) and 3-Cl-7,8,11-P2C2B7H, (3-Cl-2) in yields of 54 and 7%, respectively. Replacement of the PS by NEt3 in the same reaction gave diphosphadicarbaboranes 2 and 3-CI-2 together with the isomeric species nido-7,9,8,10-P2C2B7H, (3) in yields of 28, 15 and 3%, respectively. The reaction between the isomeric carborane arachno-4,5-C2B7H13 (4) and PCl3 in dichloromethane in the presence of PS gave the asymmetrical isomer, nido-7,8,9,10-P2C2B7H, (5). along with the chloro derivatives 4-Cl-7,8,9,10-P2C2B7H8 (4-Cl-5) and 11-Cl-7,8,9,10-PC2B7,H8 (11-Cl-5) (yields of 21, 1 and 13%, respectively). The structures of the chlorinated derivatives 3-Cl2 and 11 -Cl-5 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, the structures of all compounds isolated were geometry-optimised and confirmed by comparison of experimental 11B chemical shifts with those calculated by the GIAO-SCF/II//RMP2(fc)/6-31G* method. The calculations also include the structure and 11B NMR shifts of the isomer nido-7,10,8,9-P2C2B7H9 (6) which has not yet been isolated.
Safety profile and long-term efficacy of very high-power short-duration (60–70 W) catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: results of a large comparative analysis (2022)

vHPSD ablation is as safe as conventional ablation and is associated with an improved long-term efficacy in persistent AF.
Antiarrhythmic Effects of KR-32570, a Novel Na + -H + Exchanger Inhibitor, on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Arrhythmias (2005)

The present study was performed to evaluate antiarrhythmic effects of KR-32570, a novel inhibitor of sodium hydrogen exchanger subtype-1 (NHE-1), in rat arrhythmia induced by focal ischemia and reperfusion. During ischemia, KR-32570 significantly decreased the number of premature ventricular contraction (PVC) from 152.0 times to 75.5, 52.4 and 20.0 times for 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively (p
Using projections to visually cluster high-dimensional data (2003)

The High-Dimensional Eye system proves that a tight integration of advanced clustering algorithms and state-of-the-art visualization techniques can help us better understand and effectively guide the clustering process, and thus significantly improve the clustering results.
Studies on the Alkaloids of <i>Thalictrum actaefolium</i> SIEB. et ZUCC. I (1962)

A quaternary base, berberine (II), was isolated and identified from the whole herb of Thalictrum actaefolium SIEB. et ZUCC. (Japanese name “Shigin-karamatsu”). A quaternary base was also isolated from the root of the same plant growing in Gifu Prefecture but the base did not crystallize. It was identified by derivation to tetrahydroberberine (III) by reduction with zinc dust and acetic acid. Other quaternary bases are under investigation yet due to the minute amount available.
Polyetherols from melamine and alkylene carbonates: Properties and application of foamed polyurethanes (2004)

Abstract Some results are presented on the applications of polyetherols obtained in reactions of melamine with alkylene carbonates for preparation of foamed polyurethanes. Physical properties of the polyetherols and the parameters of their use are evaluated. Selected properties of polyurethane foams obtained by using the polyetherols, such as apparent density, uptake volume, linear shrinkage, and flammability, are presented. Thermal properties of the products have been found to be much better than those of traditional polyurethane foams. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2302–2308, 2004
Application of DNA Analysis in Quantifying Cashmere and Wool Binary Blend (2015)

Cashmere is one of the finest and softest animal fibers used by textile industry. False declaration is quite common due to its scarcity and high economic value. We have developed an objective method for quantifying cashmere and wool mixture based on DNA technology. Mitochondrial DNA, a species-specific genetic material exists in each cell, presenting a relatively strong capacity to resist physical and chemical treatments, seems to be an ideal target for species identification. As goat and sheep belong to a different genus, a real-time PCR based analysis method for quantifying cashmere and wool mixture was developed. Cashmere collected from different countries and regions were employed to prove its effectiveness. Dyed samples provided by CCMI round trial showed that it is a reliable and objective method. Various cashmere products of different processing stages were tested with the method. Results showed that the method can be applied in authenticity inspection of commercial products.
Supporting Information from Metabolic Markers and Statistical Prediction of Serous Ovarian Cancer Aggressiveness by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The supporting information file contains figures with experimental data such as tandem mass spectrometry mass spectra, 2D ion images, representative mass spectra of cancer and normal tissues, and mass spectra of standard compounds. Tables are also included which present identification of molecular markers, and predictive accuracy results for the molecular models.&lt;/p&gt;
Inactivation of the lys7 Gene, Encoding Saccharopine Reductase in Penicillium chrysogenum , Leads to Accumulation of the Secondary Metabolite Precursors Piperideine-6-Carboxylic Acid and Pipecolic Acid from α-Aminoadipic Acid (2004)

Pipecolic acid serves as a precursor of the biosynthesis of the alkaloids slaframine and swainsonine (an antitumor agent) in some fungi. It is not known whether other fungi are able to synthesize pipecolic acid. Penicillium chrysogenum has a very active alpha-aminoadipic acid pathway that is used for the synthesis of this precursor of penicillin. The lys7 gene, encoding saccharopine reductase in P. chrysogenum, was target inactivated by the double-recombination method. Analysis of a disrupted strain (named P. chrysogenum SR1-) showed the presence of a mutant lys7 gene lacking about 1,000 bp in the 3'-end region. P. chrysogenum SR1- lacked saccharopine reductase activity, which was recovered after transformation of this mutant with the intact lys7 gene in an autonomously replicating plasmid. P. chrysogenum SR1- was a lysine auxotroph and accumulated piperideine-6-carboxylic acid. When mutant P. chrysogenum SR1- was grown with L-lysine as the sole nitrogen source and supplemented with DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid, a high level of pipecolic acid accumulated intracellularly. A comparison of strain SR1- with a lys2-defective mutant provided evidence showing that P. chrysogenum synthesizes pipecolic acid from alpha-aminoadipic acid and not from L-lysine catabolism.
Pathogenesis of and Immunity to a New Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Isolated from Duck Meat (2003)

The outbreak of avian influenza H5N1 in Hong Kong in 1997 raised concerns about the potential for the H5 subtype to cause a human pandemic. In 2001 a new H5N1 virus, A/Duck Meat/Anyang/AVL-1/2001 (A/Dkmt), was isolated from imported duck meat in Korea. The pathogenesis of this virus was investigated in mice. A/Dkmt virus had low infectivity but was lethal for mice at high doses, and at lethal doses, the virus replicated in the brains of infected mice. A/Dkmt virus cross-reacted poorly with ferret antisera raised against human H5N1 viruses, but prior infection with A/Dkmt virus protected mice from death after secondary infection with human H5N1 virus.
Simulated Perceptual Grouping: An Application to Human-Computer Interaction (2019)

The perceptual principles that allow people to group visually similar objects into entities, or groups, have been called the Gestalt Laws of perception. Two well known principles of perceptual grouping are proximity and similarity: objects that lie close together are perceived to fall into groups; objects of similar shape, size or color are more likely to form groups than objects differing along these dimensions. While the primary function of these “laws” is to help us perceive the world, they also enter into our communications. People can build on assumptions about each other’s perception of the world as a basis for simplifying discourse: for example, we invariably refer to collections of objects simply by gesturing in their direction and uttering “those.” The current work describes an algorithm that simulates parts of the visual grouping mechanism at the object level. The system uses feature spaces and simple ranking methods to produce object groupings. Computational aspects of this system are described in detail and its uses for enhancing multi-modal interfaces are explained.
Positive, negative and marker-free strategies for transgenic plant selection (2002)

In this review, the use of the most common selection marker genes on plant transformation and the effects of their respective selective agents are discussed. These genes could be divided in two categories according their mode of action: genes for positive and negative selection. The retention of the marker gene flow through chloroplast transformation is also discussed. Further, strategies to recover marker-free transgenic plants, involving multi-auto-transformation (MAT), co-transformation, site-specific recombination and intragenomic relocation of transgenes through transposable elements are reviewed.
An Intrusion Detection System Based on Multiple Level Hybrid Classifier using Enhanced C4.5 (2008)

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has recently emerged as an important component for enhancing information system security. However, constructing and maintaining a misuse intrusion detection system for a network is labor - intensive, since attack scenarios and patterns need to be analyzed and categorized. Moreover, the rules corresponding to the scenarios and patterns need to be carefully hand-coded. In such situations, data mining can be used to ease this inconvenience. This paper proposes a multiple level hybrid classifier for an intrusion detection system that uses a combination of tree classifiers which uses Enhanced C4.5 which rely on labeled training data and an Enhanced Fast Heuristic Clustering Algorithm for mixed data (EFHCAM). The main advantage of this approach is that the system can be trained with unlabelled data and is capable of detecting previously "unseen" attacks. Verification tests have been carried out by using the 1999 KDD Cup data set. From this work, it is observed that significant improvement has been achieved from the viewpoint of both high intrusion detection rate and reasonably low false alarm rate.
Design and implementation of a software infrastructure for integrating sentient artefact (2005)

This paper presents a framework prototype for sentient environments. The framework provides a generic interface to the applications for interacting with sentient artefacts in a unified way regardless of their type and properties. As a result, application development is fairly simple, rapid and independent from the context-aware environments.
Structural Biology, Protein Conformations and Drug Designing (2007)

Structure based drug designing is now a popular technique used for increasing the speed of drug designing process. This was made possible by the availability of many protein structures which helped in developing tools to understand the structure function relationships, automated docking and virtual screening. Knowledge of structure based functional properties of a drug target is very essential for a successful in silico designing of drugs. However, some problems associated with the structure determination process and lack of knowledge of conformational freedom associated with available protein structures are the hurdles involved in structure based drug designing. Docking and virtual screening processes depend on the active site structure of the receptor molecule and subtle differences in the conformations of these molecules due to flexibility pose a serious threat to the drug designing process. In this review problems associated with the conformations of proteins and homology models was reviewed.
Copper Nanocubes for CO2 Reduction in Gas Diffusion Electrodes (2019)

Electroreduction of CO<sub>2</sub> represents a promising solution for addressing the global challenges in energy and sustainability. This reaction is highly sensitive to the surface structure of electrocatalysts and the local electrochemical environment. We have investigated the effect of Cu nanoparticle shape on the electrocatalysis of CO<sub>2</sub> reduction by using gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs) and flowing alkaline catholytes. Cu nanocubes of ∼70 nm in edge length are synthesized with {100} facets preferentially exposed on the surface. They are demonstrated to possess substantially enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, compared to Cu nanospheres of similar particle sizes. The electrocatalytic performance was further found to be dependent on the concentration of electrolyte (KOH). The Cu nanocubes reach a Faradaic efficiency of 60% and a partial current density of 144 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> toward ethylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>) production, with the catalytic enhancement being attributable to a combination of surface structure and electrolyte alkalinity effects.
Enhanced directivity of ultra-thin metamaterial-based cavity antenna fed by multisource (2009)

The design of a multisource metamaterial-based cavity antenna operating at about 9 GHz is presented. A 2×2 microstrip patch array acting as the multisource embedded in an ultra-thin (λ/22) cavity shows a directivity enhancement of 4.2 dB with regard to a monosource fed cavity antenna (23.2 dB instead of 19 dB). Moreover, the sidelobes of the multisource are considerably decreased in the cavity.
Comparison of Medical and Forensic Profiling Potential of Volatile Biomarkers from Different Biological Specimens from Individuals and Across Populations (2010)

There is limited scientific knowledge on the composition of human odor from different biological specimens and the effect that physiological and psychological health conditions could have on them. There is currently no direct comparison of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from different biological specimens collected from healthy individuals as well as individuals with certain diagnosed medical conditions. Therefore the question of matching VOCs present in human odor across various biological samples and across health statuses remains unanswered. The main purpose of this study was to use analytical instrumental methods to compare the VOCs from different biological specimens from the same individual and to compare the populations evaluated in this project. The goals of this study were to utilize headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) to evaluate its potential for profiling VOCs from specimens collected using standard forensic and medical methods over three different populations: healthy group with no diagnosed medical or psychological condition, one group with diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and one group with diagnosed major depressive disorder. The pre-treatment methods of collection materials developed for the study allowed for the removal of targeted VOCs from the sampling kits prior to sampling, extraction and analysis. Optimized SPME-GC/MS conditions has been demonstrated to be capable of sampling, identifying and differentiating the VOCs present in the five biological specimens collected from different subjects and yielded excellent detection limits for the VOCs from buccal swab, breath, blood, and urine with average limits of detection of 8.3 ng. Visual, Spearman rank correlation, and PCA comparisons of the most abundant and frequent VOCs from each specimen demonstrated that each specimen has characteristic VOCs that allow them to be differentiated for both healthy and diseased individuals. Preliminary comparisons of VOC profiles of healthy individuals, patients with type 2 diabetes, and patients with major depressive disorder revealed compounds that could be used as potential biomarkers to differentiate between healthy and diseased individuals. Finally, a human biological specimen compound database has been created compiling the volatile compounds present in the emanations of human hand odor, oral fluids, breath, blood, and urine.
CLASSIFICATION OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE BASED ON STRUCTURAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING BY KERNEL SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE DECISION TREE (2014)

In this paper we proposed a novel classification system to distinguish among elderly subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal controls (NC). The method employed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 178 subjects consisting of 97 NCs, 57 MCIs, and 24 ADs. First, all these three dimensional (3D) MRI images were preprocessed with atlas-registered normalization. Then, gray matter images were extracted and the 3D images were under-sampled. Afterwards, principle component analysis was applied for feature extraction. In total, 20 principal components (PC) were extracted from 3D MRI data using singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm, and 2 PCs were extracted from additional information (consisting of demographics, clinical examination, and derived anatomic volumes) using alternating least squares (ALS). On the basic of the 22 features, we constructed a kernel support vector machine decision tree (kSVM-DT). The error penalty parameter C and kernel parameter were determined by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The weights and biases b were still obtained by quadratic programming method. 5-fold cross validation was employed to obtain the out-of-sample estimate. The results show that the proposed kSVM-DT achieves 80% classification accuracy, better than 74% of the method without kernel. Besides, the PSO exceeds the random selection method in choosing the parameters of the classifier. The computation time to predict a new patient is only 0.022 s.
Supplementary Figures 1-7 from ROS Fusion Tyrosine Kinase Activates a SH2 Domain–Containing Phosphatase-2/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Axis to Form Glioblastoma in Mice (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-7 from ROS Fusion Tyrosine Kinase Activates a SH2 Domain–Containing Phosphatase-2/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Axis to Form Glioblastoma in Mice