gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Ly6E/K Signaling to TGFβ Promotes Breast Cancer Progression, Immune Escape, and Drug Resistance (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Stem cell antigen Sca-1 is implicated in murine cancer stem cell biology and breast cancer models, but the role of its human homologs Ly6K and Ly6E in breast cancer are not established. Here we report increased expression of Ly6K/E in human breast cancer specimens correlates with poor overall survival, with an additional specific role for Ly6E in poor therapeutic outcomes. Increased expression of Ly6K/E also correlated with increased expression of the immune checkpoint molecules PDL1 and CTLA4, increased tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells, and decreased natural killer (NK) cell activation. Mechanistically, Ly6K/E was required for TGFβ signaling and proliferation in breast cancer cells, where they contributed to phosphorylation of Smad1/5 and Smad2/3. Furthermore, Ly6K/E promoted cytokine-induced PDL1 expression and activation and binding of NK cells to cancer cells. Finally, we found that Ly6K/E promoted drug resistance and facilitated immune escape in this setting. Overall, our results establish a pivotal role for a Ly6K/E signaling axis involving TGFβ in breast cancer pathophysiology and drug response, and highlight this signaling axis as a compelling realm for therapeutic invention. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(11); 3376–86. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A Fermi Liquid Electronic Structure and the Nature of the Carriers in High-TcCuprates: A Photoemission Study (1990)

We have performed angle-integrated and angle-resolved photoemission measurements at 20 K on well-characterized single crystals of high Tc cuprates (both 1:2:3-type and 2:2:1:2-type) cleaved in situ, and find a relatively large, resolution limited Fermi edge which shows large amplitude variations with photon energy, indicative of band structure final state effects. The lineshape of the spectra of the 1:2:3 materials as a function of photon energy are well reproduced by band structure predictions, indicating a correct mix of 2p and 3d orbitals in the calculations, while the energy positions of the peaks agree with calculated bands to within ≈0.5 eV. This may yet prove to reflect the effects of Coulomb correlation. We nevertheless conclude that a Fermi liquid approach to conductivity is appropriate. Angle-resolved data, while still incomplete, suggest agreement with the Fermi surface predicted by the LDA calculations. A BCS-like energy gap is observed in the 2:2:1:2 materials, whose magnitude is twice the weak coupling BCS value (i.e., 2Δ ≈ 7kTc).
Science's Big Problem, Reincarnation's Big Potential, and Buddhists' Profound Embarrassment (2017)

Scientific materialism is the largely unquestioned basis for modern science's understanding of life. It also holds enormous sway beyond science and thus has increasingly marginalized religious perspectives. Yet it is easy to find behavioral phenomena from the accepted literature that seriously challenge materialism. A number of these phenomena are very suggestive of reincarnation. The larger test for science's paradigm, though, as well as for any potential general import from reincarnation - is the DNA (or genetics)-based model of heredity. If that conception-beget, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)-carried model can be confirmed at the individual level then in a very substantial way we would be confirmed as material-only creatures. In particular, can behavioral genetics and personal genomics confirm their DNA-based presumptions? During the last decade enormous efforts have been made to find the DNA origins for a number of health and behavioral tendencies. These efforts have been an "absolutely beyond belief" failure and it is here that the scientific vision faces its biggest challenge. The common premodern reincarnation understanding, on the other hand, fits well on a number of specific conundrums and offers a broad coherence across this unfolding missing heritability mystery. For people trying to make sense of a religious perspective or simply questioning materialism, you should be looking at the missing heritability problem.
Life begins at forty: Microwave tubes (1977)

The history of microwave tubes is reviewed from a philosophical viewpoint. An interesting part of this historical assessment is an examination of roles of technical forecasting and management planning. The definition of the microwave frequency range is presented and shown to support the primacy of tubes, or electron-beam devices, in a frequency range between those dominated by discrete solid-state devices and lasers. A generalized device theory is shown to be useful in assessing limitations and potentials. The magnetron has a unique place as the microwave component of by-far greatest production volume associated with microwave-oven boom. New elements in the long-range future of microwave tubes include expanding power applications, cross-fertilization with other device disciplines, the controversial millimeter-wave potential, and increasing attention to the potential for RFI and radiation hazards. If history is any guide, we can expect some further surprises in this field.
Abstract 14921: Sulfated Dextran-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Detect Inflammation in the Acute Phase of Myocardialsulfated Dextran-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Detect Inflammation in the Acute Phase of Myocardial Infarction (2020)

Introduction: We investigated whether the negatively-charged sulfated dextran-coated iron oxide (SDIO) nanoparticles with higher affinity with macrophage can delineate inflammation more efficiently compared to non-sulfated dextran-coated iron oxide (DIO) nanoparticles in mice LAD ligation model. Methods: After mice were induced with LAD ligation, SDIO or DIO nanoparticles (15mg/kg) were injected intravenously at either day 1, day 3, day 5, and day 7. MRI was performed pre- and post-24 hours later. Dephasing signal loss caused by iron-oxide nanoparticles was detected by gradient echo sequence. Iron uptake was quantified by T2* mapping and calculated as delta R2* (=1/T2*(post)-1/T2*(post)) in the region of interest in the infarct, peri-infarct, and remote zones. Results: SDIO injection produced clear signal voids in the peri-infarct zone at day 3 (n=8), which extend into the infarct zone at day 5 (n=3) (figure). The signal was remarkably decreased at day 7 (n=7). Iron uptake represented by delta R2* in the peri-infarct (80.6±35.7 s -1 ) was significantly higher than that in the infarct (32.3±32.6 s -1 , p&lt;0.001) and the remote (5.1±16.7 s -1 , p&lt;0.0001) at day 3. At day 5, delta R2* in the infarct (91.6±5.4 s -1 , p&lt;0.001) and the peri-infarct (41.0±33.3 s -1 ,p=0.04) were significantly higher than the remote (4.2±14.1 s -1 , p&lt;0.001). DIO did not produce significant change in delta R2* in the peri-infarct or infarct at each time phase. The MRI signals of SDIO corresponded with the area of enhanced vascular permeability peaking at day 3-5, which precedes the macrophage infiltration. Conclusions: SDIO can detect inflammation in the peri-infarct region in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction.
Acid and bile tolerance of Lactobacillus isolated from chicken intestine (1998)

Twelve Lactobacillus strains isolated from chicken intestine were used to investigate acid and bile tolerance in vitro. Ten out of the 12 strains were slightly affected by 0.3% bile salts, showing a delay of growth (d) of 0.6-37.2 min compared with growth in control cultures. Two strains were not affected by the bile salts. Of the 12 strains, seven could be arbitrarily classified as resistant (d < 15 min) and five as tolerant (15 min < d < or = 40 min). Lactobacillus strains from the caecum showed better tolerance to acid than those from the ileum. Generally, the survival of the ileal strains was very low at pH 1.0 and 2.0, and moderate at pH 3.0. In contrast, caecal Lactobacillus strains could survive at pH 1.0 for up to 2 h of incubation; growth was moderate at pH 2.0 and good at pH 3.0 and 4.0.
Stem Cell Transplantation in 281 Patients over 60 Years in Onco Hematologic Malignancies: A Single Center Experience. (2004)

Abstract From 06/1982 to 12/2003, 281 patients (163 male) received autologous (AuSCt) and/or allogeneic (AlloSCT) transplantations as part of first line treatment (61%) second line treatment(21%) or salvage therapy (17%). There were 140 multiple myelomas (including 3 amyloidosis), 62 lymphomas, 51 acute myeloid leukemias, 24 solid tumors and 4 chronic myeloid leukemias.Two hundred and sixty nine patients-median age: 64 y(60–77) - received Au SCT (28/261 received a second Au SCT in med of 2–7 months), 1patient (71 y) received a double syngeneic transplant,12 patients -median age: 62(60–68) received AlloSCT. Conditionning regimen (Cond reg) for the first Au SCT included Melphalan 140 mg/m² n=168; BEAM n=41; Melphalan 200mg/m² n=29; Mel Busulfan (8 to 16 mg/kg) or Mel TBI 8 grays n=18; Cytoxan 200mg/kg Melphalan1 40 n=9: TBI 8 Grays n=7; BCNU 600mg/m² n=3. Cond reg for the second Au SCT included Mel 200 n=20; Mel 140 n=4; BCU 600 n=4. Cond reg for the double syngeneic transplant were Mel 140 and Bu 8 Mel 140.Cond reg for the AlloSCT were Fludarabin/Busulfan/ATG (FBS) based reduced intensity regimen (RIC) in 11 cases. Ninety percent of the patients received peripheral blood stem cells-med 5,3.10*6CD34/kg (2–40)- 10% of the patients transplanted before 1994 received bone marrow cells. Tolerance was good with only 9/281 transplant related deaths: 5 sepsis/MOF in aplasia (D11–D21) 2 ARDS (D30–D80) 1 AGVH (D 60) 1 CGVH (3 years). Theses deaths occured in 4 ref MM( 2 renal instability,1 cardiac amyloidosis), 2 CR2 NHL, 1 OR1 MM, 1 stable MDS after FBS in 2 pts, BEAM in 2 pts, Mel 140 in 4 pts, Mel 200 (second transplant) in 1 pt. With a median follow up of 20 months from transplant,7/281 second cancers had occured: 1AML, 1ALL, 2 NSC pulmonary carcinoma, 1 colon cancer, 1uterin carcinoma, 1 melanoma; 2 of these 7 patients had died. One hundred and fifty eight patients had relapsed in a median of 11 months (1–92). Median survival for the 281 patients is 37 months without diference between pts older or younger than 65. Median survival for MM, NHL/HL, AML or ST are 40 months, 45 months, 18 months and 23 months respectively
Of Apples and Oranges: Why Comparing BO Regeneration Rates Requires Injection Level Correction (2016)

Different injection levels make the comparison of BO Regeneration kinetics in different Si wafers or solar cells difficult, e.g., when samples made of different materials featuring different background lifetime levels are to be compared. A correction factor is presented that is able to compensate for these differences in injection level during Regeneration. This is used to investigate the influence of metallic impurities, interstitial oxygen and different dopants on BO Regeneration kinetics. It is found that a POCl3 gettering step only affects Regeneration if the overall H concentration within the wafer is low. Interstitial oxygen is found to be less detrimental to Regeneration than assumed previously. The influence of different dopants is shown in a process leading to a stable regenerated lifetime, and the measured Regeneration rates can be compared because of the applied injection correction. A numerical fit optimization method is presented to separate the influence of the different dopants. It is shown that net doping concentration p0 is not relevant for BO Regeneration whereas B as well as Ga slow down the Regeneration process. An explanation within the H-model of BO Regeneration is given.
Does PCI Improve Survival and Prevent MI in Stable CAD (2007)

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has survival and MI-prevention benefits in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and it reduces angina frequency and improves exercise tolerance in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Do the survival and MI-prevention benefits extend to stable CAD patients?

In the COURAGE trial, 2287 patients (mean age, 62; 85% men; 33.5% with diabetes) were randomized to PCI plus optimal medical therapy or to optimal medical therapy alone. All patients had either …
Power dissipation calculation of the base spreading and contact resistance of transistors at low currents and low frequencies (1986)

The base spreading resistance of transistors is examined by the power dissipation method at low currents and low frequencies using analytical approximations and computer simulations. Results indicate that because of geometrical considerations the resistance values are reduced by a factor F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> , which decreases with increasing aspect ratio. The results also show that for a rectangular-shaped intrinsic base region, when surrounded by an extrinsic one having negligible resistivity, F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> varies between 12 and 29 for an aspect ratio of infinity and 1:1, respectively. It is further shown that when the extrinsic region resistivity is accounted for, F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</inf> decreases further as the extrinsic to intrinsic base sheet resistivity ratio increases. For completeness, the contact resistance expression is also derived with the power dissipation method, and it is shown to agree with that obtained using the transmission line approach. This method, therefore, is suited for the calculation of the total equivalent base resistance of a transistor.
Long-term parenteral nutrition in the home (1975)

A program to train patients to self-administer total parenteral nutrition solutions at home is described. The method of training, equipment used, results obtained and the role of the pharmacist in this program are discussed.
A novel hardware-friendly self-adjustable offset min-sum algorithm for ISDB-S2 LDPC decoder (2010)

In this paper, a novel self-adjustable offset min-sum LDPC decoding algorithm is proposed for ISDB-S2 (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting via Satellite — Second Generation) application. We present for the first time a uniform approximation of the check node operation through mathematical induction on Jacobian logarithm. The approximation theoretically shows that the offset value is mainly dependent on the difference between the two most unreliable inputs from the bit nodes and the algorithm proposed can adjust the offset value according to the inputs during the iterative decoding procedure. Simulation results for all 11 code rates of ISDB-S2 demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve an average of 0.15dB gain under the same Bit Error Rate (BER) performance, compared to the Min-sum based algorithms, and consumes only 1.21% computation complexity compared to BP-based algorithms in the best case.
Phage and MLVA Typing of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Layers and Humans in Belgium from 2000–2010, A Period in which Vaccination of Laying Hens was Introduced (2013)

The aim of the study was to characterize isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) obtained from humans and layer farms in Belgium collected during 2000-2010. Three periods were compared, namely (i) before implementation of vaccination (2000-2004), (ii) during voluntary vaccination (2005-2006) and (iii) during implementation of the national control program (NCP) for Salmonella including mandatory vaccination against S. Enteritidis (2007-2010). The characteristics compared across time periods were distributions of phage type and multiple-locus variable number tandem-repeat assay (MLVA). While PT4 and PT21 were predominantly isolated in Belgium in layers and humans before 2007, a significant reduction of those PTs was observed in both populations in the period 2007-2010. The relative proportion of PT4b, PT21c and PT6c was found to have increased considerably in the layer population since 2007. In the human population, PT8, PT1 and the group of 'other' PTs were more frequently isolated compared to the previous periods. When comparing the proportion of the predominant MLVA types Q2 and U2, no significant difference was found between the layer and human population in the three periods and between periods within each category (layer and human). A significant difference in isolate distribution among MLVA clusters I and II was found between human and layer isolates recovered during Period 3 and in the human population between Period 1 and 3. Results suggest that the association between S. Enteritidis in layers and the occurrence of the pathogen in humans changed since implementation of the NCP in 2007.
A high-speed adaptive antenna array with simultaneous multiple-beamforming capability (2003)

A new type of adaptive beamforming antenna system architecture is developed for multi-channel wireless communications. Multi-beam beamforming with high data throughput is accomplished using the proposed beamformer architecture consisting of analog mixers and multi-tone direct digital synthesizers (DDS). The multi-beam beamformer is based on a multi-tone weighting scheme combined with analog-digital hybrid signal processing. High-speed real-time beamforming is realized by an analog beamformer circuit, while the flexibility on adaptive beamforming algorithms is retained by computing weighting coefficients using the digital signal processor (DSP). A 5.8 GHz eight-element adaptive beamforming array successfully demonstrates two-beam simultaneous beamforming and two-channel data recovery at 25 Mb/s data throughput in each channel with BPSK modulation, based on SDMA (space division multiple access).
Some physical properties of isoprene (1936)

Abstract Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) has been for many years a substance of very considerable interest in the study of rubber, since it has been shown to be the fundamental unit in the constitution of the rubber hydrocarbon. Isoprene polymerizes to form a product which is chemically more closely related to natural rubber than any other synthetic product. Furthermore, the destructive distillation of natural rubber yields as its two major products isoprene and dipentene (dl-1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene) in amounts far exceeding those of any other constituents. Aside from its relation to rubber, isoprene is of interest, because it is thought to be the basic substance in the natural synthesis of terpenes and to play an important role in the formation of plant cells. An investigation of the chemical thermodynamics of rubber now in progress at the Cryogenic Laboratory of this Bureau includes a study of isoprene and its relationship to rubber. Measurements of heat capacity and heat of combustion ar...
Evaluation of airborne transmission risk in university towns based on IEQ surveys (2022)

This study aims to evaluate airborne transmission risk in university towns during the COVID-19 pandemic based on surveys of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Both on-site measurements and questionnaire surveys were carried out in public buildings in university towns in Changsha, China. Air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration in one library, ten classrooms, eight canteens, seven restaurants, and sixteen malls were measured. 2220 valid questionnaires concerning occupants’ sensation on thermal environment, air movement, and indoor air quality were collected. A 3-level evaluation method of airborne transmission risk that is dependent on building type and indoor CO2 concentration was developed. Excessive CO2 concentration is found in library (1045 ppm), classrooms (1151 ppm), restaurants (1242 ppm), and malls (1057 ppm). The percentage time of “high risk” accounts for 18–100% in these buildings. The results reveal a serious problem: numerous public buildings in China and probably other resource limited countries are not basically prepared and equipped to cope with airborne transmission. This fact should be taken into account when developing guidelines and formulating mitigation measures. Real-time monitoring and displaying IEQ and thus the transmission risk level should be an important way to be widely implemented in public buildings.
Asymptotically Regular LDPC Codes with Linear Distance Growth and Thresholds Close to Capacity (2010)

Families of "asymptotically regular" LDPC block code ensembles can be formed by terminating (J,K)-regular protograph-based LDPC convolutional codes. By varying the termination length, we obtain a large selection of LDPC block code ensembles with varying code rates and substantially better iterative decoding thresholds than those of (J,K)-regular LDPC block code ensembles, despite the fact that the terminated ensembles are almost regular. Also, by means of an asymptotic weight enumerator analysis, we show that minimum distance grows linearly with block length for all of the ensembles in these families, i.e., the ensembles are asymptotically good. We find that, as the termination length increases, families of "asymptotically regular" codes with capacity approaching iterative decoding thresholds and declining minimum distance growth rates are obtained, allowing a code designer to trade-off between distance growth rate and threshold. Further, we show that the thresholds and the distance growth rates can be improved by carefully choosing the component protographs used in the code construction.
Identification of Sialylated Glycoproteins in Doxorubicin-Treated Hepatoma Cells with Glycoproteomic Analyses (2014)

Sialylation is one of the most important types of glycosylation involved in carcinogenesis and establishment of cancer stemness. We previously showed that increased sialylation is a characteristic glycan change in cancer stem cells (CSCs) from hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the identities of glycoproteins targeted for sialylation remain unknown. In the present study, we identified glycoproteins targeted for sialylation in doxorubicin (DXR)-treated hepatocarcinoma cell line, Huh7, using glycoproteomic analyses. Since CSCs constitute a small subset of cells within carcinoma cell lines, it is difficult to identify sialylated proteins using general glycoproteomic strategies. It is known that treatment with anticancer drug can condense CSCs, we used DXR to concentrate CSCs. In DXR-treated Huh7 cells, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis identified 17 sialylated glycoproteins. Most of the identified glycoproteins were cancer-associated proteins. Furthermore, two proteins of approximately 70 kDa were detected using Sambucus sieboldoana agglutinin (SSA) blot analysis and identified as beta-galactosidase and alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (fetuin-A) by SSA precipitation followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses. Sialylation levels of fetuin-A were increased in DXR-treated Huh7 cell lysates. These changes in sialylation of glycoproteins might be involved in the establishment of cancer stemness.
Influence of combined enzymatic treatment on one-bath scouring of cotton knitted fabrics (2007)

The scouring of cotton knitted fabrics with alkaline pectinase, neutral cellulase, neutral–alkaline protease, and alkaline xylanase and mixtures thereof, in one bath was studied. The effects of enzyme combinations were studied against the criteria of wettability, burst strength loss and whiteness. The best combinations were (1) pectinase (4 g L−1) and cellulase (0.5 g L−1), (2) pectinase (4 g L−1), cellulase (0.5 g L−1) and protease (1 g L−1), (3) pectinase (4 g L−1), cellulase (0.5 g L−1) and xylanase (2 g L−1). The results showed that the scouring effects of enzyme mixtures were better than those of individual enzymes, and dyeing properties (K/S, colour parameters and colour fastness) of bioscoured cotton knits were comparable to those of conventionally alkaline scoured cotton knits.