gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-1β and HMGB1 are anti-neurogenic to endogenous neural stem cells in the sclerotic epileptic human hippocampus (2021)

Our results demonstrate a HMGB1 and IL-1β-mediated environmental anti-neurogenic effect in human TLE, identifying both the IL-1R and TLR 2/4 receptors as potential drug targets for restoring human hippocampal neurogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Pyrrolobenzothiazepinones and Pyrrolobenzoxazepinones:  Novel and Specific Non-Nucleoside HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors with Antiviral Activity (1996)

Two novel classes of pyrrolobenzothiazepinones and pyrrolobenzoxazepinones were investigated as potential anti-AIDS drugs. These compounds were found to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme in vitro and to prevent HIV-1 cytopathogenicity in T4 lymphocytes, without appreciable activity on HIV-2 cytopathic effects, and against HBV as well as calfthymus DNA alpha-polymerase. Their potency is influenced by substituents at position 6 and on the fused aromatic ring. Specifically, small lipophilic substituents at C-6 were preferred, whereas substitutions on the benzo-fused ring were found to be detrimental to activity, with respect to the unsubstituted compounds. Modification of the pie-system at C-6 is well tolerated, although the replacement of the benzo-fused with a [2,3]naphtho-fused ring leads to a less active compound. Maximum potency and specificity is achieved with a phenyl and an ethyl group at position 6 of the pyrrolobenzoxazepinone system. In the enzymatic assay the oxazepinone derivative (+/-)-6-ethyl-6-phenylpyrrolo[2,1-d][1,5] benzoxazepin-7(6H)-one 16e (IC50 = 0.25 microM) was found to be more potent than nevirapine (IC50 = 0.5 microM), tested in the same experimental conditions using rC.dG as a template-primer. In cell culture assay benzoxazepine 16e was active against HIV-1, both wild type and AZT-sensitive, and HIV-1 (IIIB) strains, but not against HIV-2. In enzyme assay although 16e inhibited HIV-1 RT, it was inactive against the nevirapine-resistant recombinant RT Y181C at 50 microM. Molecular modeling studies suggest that these derivatives present a 3D pharmacophoric arrangement similar to that of other non-nucleoside inhibitors such as nevirapine.
Acoustic double-negative media (2009)

We consider the possibility of the existence of media in acoustics that are similar in several effects to the widely discussed electrodynamic left-handed media. The density and compressibility of a medium are shown to be the mechanical analogues of negative permittivity and permeability. We discuss the physical meaning of their negativity and mechanical models with such properties. To identify the effects related to the sign of the density and compressibility, we have performed our analysis based on linearized hydrodynamic equations instead of the wave equation or the Helmholtz equation. We have obtained an analogue of the Lippmann—Schwinger equation and constructed a theory of wave scattering by inhomogeneities in a medium with arbitrary values and signs of the density and compressibility. Our numerical simulations have revealed all of the expected effects. We consider the questions concerning the fulfillment of the causality principle and its consequences generalized to the case of negative media in the form of a connection between the damping and dispersion of waves.
Potential High-Q, Noninductive Current Drive in Tokamaks Via Accelerated Compact Toroids (1990)

The possibility of applying compact toroids (CTs) to drive current via helicity injection in an engineering test reactor tokamak is considered. Some preliminary calculations for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor are presented and it is shown that plasma gain Q values (i.e., fusion power/injected CT power) in an unoptimized system may be of the order of 10 to 40, depending on the CT/tokamak interaction processes.
Platelet function in patients with hypercholesterolaemia (1994)

Platelets and plasma lipoproteins, particularly low density lipoprotein, have important roles in atherogenesis. Evidence from several sources suggests that important interactions occur between these individual components of the atherogeneic process. Here we review work from our own laboratory on platelet function in normal individuals and patients heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). Data is presented on the role of platelet noradrenaline and also on altered cellular signalling in platelets from FH individuals who have plasma low density lipoprotein concentrations which are approximately double those seen in normal subjects.
A reproducible approach to the assembly of microcapillaries for double emulsion production (2016)

Double emulsions attract considerable interest for their utility in applications as diverse as drug delivery, contrast agents, and compartmentalizing analytes for fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Microfluidic platforms offer a particularly elegant approach to generating these structures, but the construction of devices to provide reproducible and stable production of double emulsions remains challenging. PDMS-based systems require specialized surface treatments that are difficult to implement and lack long-term stability, and current glass microcapillary systems, while offering some advantages, lack flexible and reproducible methods for capillary alignment. This article describes a microcapillary-based approach that addresses these key challenges. Our approach utilizes translational stage elements and alignment end caps that are fixed in place once configured, rather than tightly fitting capillaries. This new approach enables alignment to within ±10 µm and allows greater flexibility in choosing the dimensions of the capillary, which contributes to the size and stability of formation of the double emulsion. Importantly, it also allows the user to compensate for the deviations from ideal shape that occur in pulled glass capillaries, which has been a source of failure with previous methods. A detailed description of the critical design and operational parameters that affect double emulsion generation in these capillary microfluidic devices is provided.
Luminescence of argon in a spatially stabilized mono-filamentary dielectric barrier micro-discharge: spectroscopic and kinetic analysis (2004)

International audience
A105 A Comparison Between Metallic Bone Plates and Non-metallic Bone Plates in Long Bone (Part 1) (2009)

metallic Bone Plates in Long Bone (Part 1) e? OSandersonJason (fie
Lack of lysosomal fusion with phagosomes containing Ehrlichia risticii in P388D1 cells: abrogation of inhibition with oxytetracycline (1988)

Fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes containing Ehrlichia risticii, an obligate intracellular parasite, was evaluated in P388D1 murine macrophagelike cells. Lysosomes in cells ranging in infectivity from 30 to 70% were labeled cytochemically with acid phosphatase or via endocytosis of thorium dioxide or cationized ferritin to document phagosome-lysosome (P-L) fusion in untreated cells and cells treated with oxytetracycline. Regardless of the marker used, P-L fusion was generally not observed in E. risticii-containing vacuoles in untreated cells, while significantly greater P-L fusion with ehrlichia-containing vacuoles was observed after oxytetracycline treatment. When latex beads were introduced into uninfected cell cultures, P-L fusion was observed with vacuoles containing latex. Fusion of lysosomes with latex-containing vacuoles in cells was significantly greater than fusion of lysosomes with ehrlichia-containing vacuoles in the same infected cells. These findings indicate that E. risticii is able to inhibit P-L fusion, whereas oxytetracycline deprives organisms of this ability.
Burnout in Diplomates of the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation—Prevalence and Potential Drivers: A Prospective Cross‐Sectional Survey (2019)

Burnout is a significant problem among PM&R physicians and is pervasive throughout the specialty. Opportunities exist to address major contributing drivers of burnout relating to practice patterns and efficiency of care within PM&R. These opportunities are, to varying degrees, under the control of hospital leaders, practice administrators, and practitioners.
The Science of Neural Interface Systems (2009)

The ultimate goal of neural interface research is to create links between the nervous system and the outside world either by stimulating or by recording from neural tissue to treat or assist people with sensory, motor, or other disabilities of neural function. Although electrical stimulation systems have already reached widespread clinical application, neural interfaces that record neural signals to decipher movement intentions are only now beginning to develop into clinically viable systems to help paralyzed people. We begin by reviewing state-of-the-art research and early-stage clinical recording systems and focus on systems that record single-unit action potentials. We then address the potential for neural interface research to enhance basic scientific understanding of brain function by offering unique insights in neural coding and representation, plasticity, brain-behavior relations, and the neurobiology of disease. Finally, we discuss technical and scientific challenges faced by these systems before they are widely adopted by severely motor-disabled patients.
Optically induced light modulation in epoxy-based polymer dispersed liquid crystals (2001)

Abstract The thermo-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films (Epoxy/E7) are investigated and described. The experimental evidence for thermally induced optical bistability at the nematic-isotropic phase transition is presented by analysing the switching effect from the scattering state to the transmission one and vice versa. Optically induced light modulation by a pump beam (Ar+ laser) is probed by a weak He–Ne beam when the two laser beams are incident on the sample simultaneously. The dependence of the hysteresis loop on both the modulation frequency of the incident beam and the sample temperature are also studied. For this PDLC composition, the light intensity and the sample temperature are used to control or adjust the nonlinear part of its refractive index, and the thermo-optical behaviour of the material is strongly affected by both parameters. Our experimental results show such thermally and optically induced light modulation, and demonstrate that the PDLC film used is promising for possible applications in thermo-optical switches, temperature sensoring, or designing devices with thermally modulated light.
Autologous111Indium‐oxinate‐labelled platelet sequestration study in patients with immune thrombocytopenia treated by thrombopoietin receptor‐agonists (2019)

The British Journal of Haematology publishes original research papers in clinical, laboratory and experimental haematology. The Journal also features annotations, reviews, short reports, images in haematology and Letters to the Editor.
Musculoskeletal Plasticity After Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Effects of Long-Term Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training (2006)

Maintaining the physiologic integrity of paralyzed limbs may be critical for those with spinal cord injury (SCI) to be viable candidates for a future cure. No long-term intervention has been tested to attempt to prevent the severe musculoskeletal deterioration that occurs after SCI. The purposes of this study were to determine whether a long-term neuromuscular electrical stimulation training program can preserve the physiological properties of the plantar flexor muscles (peak torque, fatigue index, torque-time integral, and contractile speed) as well as influence distal tibia trabecular bone mineral density (BMD). Subjects began unilateral plantar flexion electrical stimulation training within 6 wk after SCI while the untrained leg served as a control. Mean compliance for the 2-yr training program was 83%. Mean estimated compressive loads delivered to the tibia were approximately 1-1.5 times body weight. The training protocol yielded significant trained versus untrained limb differences for torque (+24%), torque-time integral (+27%), fatigue index (+50%), torque rise time (+45%), and between-twitch fusion (+15%). These between-limb differences were even greater when measured at the end of a repetitive stimulation protocol (125 contractions). Peripheral quantitative computed tomography revealed 31% higher distal tibia trabecular BMD in trained limbs than in untrained limbs. The intervention used in this study was sufficient to limit many of the deleterious muscular and skeletal adaptations that normally occur after SCI. Importantly, this method of load delivery was feasible and may serve as the basis for an intervention to preserve the musculoskeletal properties of individuals with SCI.
Received Signal Compensation-Based Position Estimation of Outdoor RFID Nodes (2010)

We propose a new algorithm for estimating the location of an outdoor RFID node, based on the received signal strength (RSS) of a transmitted message by a set of readers with known locations. The algorithm supposes omni-directional RFID readers that are prevalent for outdoor long range RFID systems. The method does not require knowledge of the Effective Isotropic Power (EIPR) of the transmitting tag, and bounds the position of the node within a small delimited candidate area. Our simulation results demonstrate that the Received Signal Compensation Based Localization (CBL) method outperforms other compared RSS-based methods in improving the precision of the bounded area.
Pediatric thoracolumbar spinal injuries: The etiology and clinical spectrum of an uncommon entity in childhood (2017)

TL injuries are rare and are most common in children older than 10 years and mainly involve the lumbar region. When indicated, surgical fusion of the involved vertebrae is safe and effective.
Major genes influencing ovulation rate in sheep are a source of basic knowledge of ovarian function (2016)

National audience
Abstracts of contributed papers for annual meeting Professional Group on Nuclear Science October 6 and 7, 1954 (1954)

The problem of designing a constant reactor outlet temperature control system for a thermal reactor power plant is considered. The dynamic control characteristics of the power plant are described in terns of (1) the response of reactivity to variations of reactor inlet coolant temperature, (2) the heat transfer characteristics of the reactor and boiler, and (3) the time lags of the reactor coolant loop. It is shown how the inherent characteristics of the power plant may be used to advantage by constant reactor outlet temperature control systems employing the reactor inlet and outlet temperatures as control variables. An important feature of these control systems is the computation of the reactor inlet temperature from the boiler outlet temperature or the steam plant variables using recently developed transport delay circuits to compensate for the boilerto-reactor coolant transport delay.
Anti-fouling behaviors of surface functionalized high density polyethylene membrane in microfiltration of bovine serum albumin protein (2016)

An essential characteristic for high performance inherently hydrophobic membranes such as microporous high density polyethylene (HDPE) membranes is to have a hydrophilic surface. In this project, wet chemical functionalization as a facile and effective method was developed to give a hydrophilic property to HDPE membranes using polar functional groups. KClO3, K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4 were selected as oxidizing agents. The optimum concentrations and treatment time intervals were determined for each oxidizing agent. Water contact angle and pure water flux measurements were conducted to evaluate the surface hydrophilicity and membrane performance, respectively. The results showed that among different oxidizing agents, 1wt% K2Cr2O7 solution with 60 min immersion time had the highest impact on the pure water flux. The percentage of re-construction phenomenon was about 4.70%, 21.94% and 32.6% for the HDPE membranes treated by KClO3, K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, respectively. In addition, the attenuated total reflectance spectra-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) results confirmed the presence of hydroxyl groups (O–H peak appeared at 3418.78 cm−1) in the membrane modified by KClO3. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration experiments revealed that the total fouling ratio (TFR) and irreversible fouling ratio (IFR) decreased from 88.10% and 42.60% for pristine membrane to 65%, 68% and 72%and 26.60%, 29.30% and 35% for the modified membranes treated by KClO3, K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, respectively. The results indicated that incorporation of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of HDPE membranes improved the fouling resistance behavior.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells chimerism after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (2006)

We read with interest the recent article published in Experimental Hematology by Rieger et al. [1] entitled, ‘‘Mesenchymal Stem Cells Remain of Host Origin Even a Long Time After Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplantation.’’ The authors showed that after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) remain of host origin, even for some time after allogeneic transplantation. In their study, only a female patient showed MSC chimerism at a frequency of 1% after having received CD34-selected peripheral stem cell transplantation 5 years earlier. Although we agree with these authors that in the great majority of cases, MSC are from recipient origin, we have recently reported that in some cases MSC from donor origin can be observed in patient’s bone marrow after allogeneic transplantation [2]. Among 19 patients analyzed, we have observed in 2 patients that after 400 and 180 days, 26.13% and 60.17% of MSC were from donor origin. These discrepancies could be due to the methodology used. In all our patients, chimerism was performed using polimerase chain reaction, but it could also be due to the time elapsed after transplantation. In our cases, the mixed chimerism was observed 6 and 14 months after the procedure. It should also be noted that both patients in whom a mixed chimerism was observed were multiple myeloma patients. It is well known that these patients have an impaired bone marrow microenvironment, and this fact could account for donors’ MSC engraftment. Other examples with mesenchymal mixed chimerism have been reported, both in human transplants [3,4] and animal models [5,6], confirming our own results.
Effects of autologous serum and fetal bovine serum on the proliferation of menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells (2017)

Objective
To investigate the feasibility of culturing menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells in autologous serum system and provide individualized treatment.


Methods
Collecting the menstrual blood of healthy and child-bearing women of 20-30 years old.Isolated the menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells through ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation,and suspended them separately,even in DMEM-F12 medium which supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and with 10% autologous serum.Supervise the morphology and proliferation of the cultured cell,and draw the growth curves with CCK-8 assay.Compare their osteogenic and adipogenic potential.


Results
The menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells cultured in the two systems both showed to be typical spindle shaped and can form colony,and their proliferation ability was similar,with CCK-8 assay,the absorbance value of both system had no significant difference(P>0.05).


Conclusion
Both of the training systems have the osteogenic and adipogenic potential.The menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells are cultured in the two systems both have typical spindle shape and colonic growth,and their proliferation abilities are similar,maintaining the menstrual blood of basic biological characteristics,which can replace fetal bovine serum stromal stem cells being used in menstrual blood amplification culture,as the same kind of serum cultivation system,for a large number of amplification menstrual blood source sex stromal stem cells being used in clinical treatment and provides a relatively safe choice.


Key words: 
Menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells; Autologous serum; Fetal bovine serum system; Cell proliferation; Biosafety
Radioimmunoassay in pharmacy practice (1974)

A review of radioimmunoassay as a sensitive technique for the measurement of substances in biological fluids is presented. The basis for this assay method is the strong binding which occurs between an antigen and its specific antibody. Radiolabelled antigen and unlabelled antigen will compete for the same antibody. Once the antigen-antibody reaction has equilibrated, a separation technique is employed to separate the free antigen from the antibody-bound antigen; quantification is made by radioactive determination. The major pitfalls of this assay method are discussed. The applications of this assay to pharmacy practice include the determination of drug concentration data to adjust dosages, determination of patient compliance arid confirmation of suspected drug abuse or drug intoxication.
Characterizing Intrinsic Compositionality in Transformers with Tree Projections (2022)

When trained on language data, do transformers learn some arbitrary computation that utilizes the full capacity of the architecture or do they learn a simpler, tree-like computation, hypothesized to underlie compositional meaning systems like human languages? There is an apparent tension between compositional accounts of human language understanding, which are based on a restricted bottom-up computational process, and the enormous success of neural models like transformers, which can route information arbitrarily between different parts of their input. One possibility is that these models, while extremely flexible in principle, in practice learn to interpret language hierarchically, ultimately building sentence representations close to those predictable by a bottom-up, tree-structured model. To evaluate this possibility, we describe an unsupervised and parameter-free method to \emph{functionally project} the behavior of any transformer into the space of tree-structured networks. Given an input sentence, we produce a binary tree that approximates the transformer's representation-building process and a score that captures how "tree-like" the transformer's behavior is on the input. While calculation of this score does not require training any additional models, it provably upper-bounds the fit between a transformer and any tree-structured approximation. Using this method, we show that transformers for three different tasks become more tree-like over the course of training, in some cases unsupervisedly recovering the same trees as supervised parsers. These trees, in turn, are predictive of model behavior, with more tree-like models generalizing better on tests of compositional generalization.