gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endobronchial Ultrasound Elastography for Evaluation of Intrathoracic Lymph Nodes: A Pilot Study (2017)

EBUS elastography is potentially capable of further differentiating between benign and malignant LNs. These proposed qualitative and quantitative methods might be useful tools for describing EBUS elastography during EBUS-TBNA.
Prediction of Flash Points for Fuel Mixtures Using Machine Learning and a Novel Equation (2013)

In this work, a set of computationally efficient, yet accurate, methods to predict flash points of fuel mixtures based solely on their chemical structures and mole fractions was developed. Two approaches were tested using data obtained from the existing literature: (1) machine learning directly applied to mixture flash point data (the mixture QSPR approach) using additive descriptors and (2) machine learning applied to pure compound properties (the QSPR approach) in combination with Le Chatelier rule based calculations. It was found that the second method performs better than the first with the available databank and for the target application. We proposed a novel equation, and we evaluated the performance of the resulting, fully predictive, Le Chatelier rule based approach on new experimental data of surrogate jet and diesel fuels, yielding excellent results. We predicted the variation in flash point of diesel–gasoline blends with increasing proportions of gasoline.
PROBLEMS & CONSIDERATIONS IN DETERMINING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HORTICULTURAL SUBSTRATES (1993)

The establishment of research protocol for horticultural substrates must include the measurements of physical and hydraulic properties. Both empirical and mechanistic approaches must be utilized in protocol development. The steps in establishing a protocol should be: 1) the development of standard definitions for properties and terms, 2) development of a mechanistic framework based on modeling, and 3) development of procedures for data collection. Pore space diagnostics and available water determinations must be reexamined to more appropriately describe these terms. The concept of hydraulic status is introduced as one diagnostic protocol for physical and hydraulic properties.
Test generation for graphical user interfaces based on symbolic execution (2008)

While Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) have become ubiquitous, testing them remains largely ad-hoc. Since the state of a GUI is defined by a sequence of events on the GUI's widgets, a test input for a GUI is such an event sequence. Due to the combinatorial nature of the sequences, testing a GUI thoroughly is problematic and time-consuming. Moreover, the wide range of possible values for certain GUI widgets, such as a textbox, compounds the problem.
Impulse propagation in a neutral atmosphere (1987)

Computer simulation studies are presented for the propagation of an impulsive sound over a uniform impedance boundary in the presence of a neutral atmosphere. Based on typical explosive and gunfire waveforms, results from two levels of approximation arising from continuous wave propagation theory are compared and the simpler equation, involving just the plane-wave reflection coefficient and the boundary loss factor, is found to be adequate over a range of source–receiver geometries. The effect of changing the impulse shape and the ground impedance is discussed by considering the frequency dependence of the effective image source and, in particular, on the ground wave contribution to this source. A brief comparison is made between the predictions and measurements using two different duration impulses.
The phenylacetone dianion: alkylation with iodomethane (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe phenylacetone dianion: alkylation with iodomethaneJ. Philip BaysCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 1, 38–43Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00395a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00395a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Updating Markov Chains with an Eye on Google's PageRank (2006)

An iterative algorithm based on aggregation/disaggregation principles is presented for updating the stationary distribution of a finite homogeneous irreducible Markov chain. The focus is on large-scale problems of the kind that are characterized by Google's PageRank application, but the algorithm is shown to work well in general contexts. The algorithm is flexible in that it allows for changes to the transition probabilities as well as for the creation or deletion of states. In addition to establishing the rate of convergence, it is proven that the algorithm is globally convergent. Results of numerical experiments are presented.
Half Life (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
An abutment screw loosening study of a Diamond Like Carbon‐coated CP titanium implant (2005)

The aim of this study was to quantify the extent of abutment screw loosening and thus understand the role of frictional and wear factors in abutment screw loosening by using a cyclic loading device to compare Diamond Like Carbon (DLC)-coated and non-coated implants. The properties of DLC films, including hardness, wear resistance, chemical stability, and biocompatibility, are similar to those of real diamond materials. In this study, a 1-mum thick DLC film served to protect and lubricate a layer of commercially-pure titanium affixed to the top of a dental implant (external hexagon-shaped implant). A cyclic loading force was then applied to the top of the prosthetic portion of the implants in order to determine the difference in looseness of the titanium abutment screw between ten DLC-coated implants and ten non-coated implants. The abutment screw loosening tests were performed with 100 N of force at a frequency of 20 Hz. Data indicate that implants with a DLC coating are more resistant to an applied force (P = 0.002) than are those without the coating. We hope these results will be useful for preventing implant abutment screw loosening.
Workforce Development Through Research-Based, Plasma-Focused Activities (2023)

This report is a summary of the mini-conference Workforce Development Through Research-Based, Plasma-Focused Science Education and Public Engagement held during the 2022 American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics (APS DPP) annual meeting. The motivation for organizing this mini-conference originates from recent studies and community-based reports highlighting important issues with the current state of the plasma workforce. Here we summarize the main findings presented in the two speaker sessions of the mini-conference, the challenges and recommendations identified in the discussion sessions, and the results from a post-conference survey. We further provide information on initiatives and studies presented at the mini-conference, along with references to further resources.
Compliance with mandatory reporting of clinical trial results on ClinicalTrials.gov: cross sectional study (2012)

Most trials subject to mandatory reporting did not report results within a year of completion.
HybridRank: A Hybrid Content-Based Approach To Mobile Game Recommendations. (2014)

The massive number of mobile games available necessitates a technique to help the consumer find the right game at the right time. This paper introduces HybridRank, a novel hy-brid algorithm to deliver recommendations for mobile games. This technique is based on a personalised random walk ap-proach, with the incorporation of both content-based and user-based information in the formulation of the recommen-dations. This technique is evaluated against traditional neigh-bourhood based collaborative filtering and content-based rec-ommendation algorithms. This paper also explores the fact that this algorithm can also be used to help alleviate the cold start problem that is associated with little user data.[1] Online evaluations were conducted and results yield that the approach presented performed the best in both a controlled testing environment as well as in live production. This algo-rithm is currently implemented in a live mobile game plat-form developed by Singapore Telecommunications Ltd called
Intraventricular Infusion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Promotes Cerebral Angiogenesis with Minimal Brain Edema (2002)

Chronic intraventricular infusions of VEGF(165) increased vascular density in a dose-dependent manner. There seems to be a therapeutic window, because infusion of VEGF(165) at a concentration of 5 microg/ml resulted in a significant increase in vessel density with minimal associated brain edema and no ventriculomegaly.
Has the Lord Turned Bankrupt? The Attempted Sale of the Nauvoo Temple, 1846-1850 (2002)

If Joseph Smith had lived we should not have been here at this time. We should have been in some other country. We can't stay in this house but a little while. We have got to build another house. It will be a larger house than this, and a more glorious one. And we shall build a great many houses, we shall come back here and we shall go to Kirtland, and build houses all over the continent of North America. On 4 April 1999 Gordon B. Hinckley, President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, electrified millions of his faithful followers worldwide when he announced, quite unexpectedly, the decision to rebuild the Nauvoo Temple. His announcement amounted to a a statement on resurrection, to raise from the dead, as it were, the short-lived Mormon jewel that once so proudly overlooked the Mississippi River. Five years in the building, the Nauvoo Temple was the very symbol of their developing faith, a monument to the teachings of their revered prophet-leader, Joseph Smith, Jr. Unfortunately, the storied building was abandoned as the Mormons were forced to leave their City of Joseph at the point of gun and cannon and headed west in 1846. Soon afterward, the structure fell victim to fire and tornado. Today, with the new temple recently completed and dedicated, it may be timely and appropriate to review the temple's short-lived history.
Electrooxidative dearomatization of biaryls: synthesis of tri- and difluoromethylated spiro[5.5]trienones (2021)

Radical spirocyclization <i>via</i> dearomatization has emerged as an attractive strategy for the rapid synthesis of structurally diverse spiro molecules. We report the use of electrochemistry to perform an oxidative dearomatization of biaryls leading to tri- and difluoromethylated spiro[5.5]trienones in a user friendly undivided cell set-up and a constant current mode. The catalyst- and chemical oxidant-free dearomatization procedure features ample scope, and employs electricity as the green and sole oxidant.
Design of Dissolvable Microneedles for Delivery of a Pfs47-Based Malaria Transmission-Blocking Vaccine (2021)

The development of effective malaria vaccines remains a global health priority. In addition to an effective vaccine, there is urgent demand for effective delivery technologies that can be easily deployed. The need for effective vaccine delivery tools is particularly pertinent in resource-poor settings where access to healthcare is limited. Microneedles are micron-scale structures that offer distinct advantages for vaccine delivery by efficiently targeting skin-resident immune cells, eliminating injection-associated pain, and improving patient compliance. Here, we developed and characterized a candidate malaria vaccine loaded and deployed using dissolvable microneedle arrays. Of note, a newly indicated human-relevant antigen was employed, <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> surface protein P47. P47 and a potent toll-like receptor (TLR9) agonist vaccine adjuvant, CpG, were fabricated into microneedles using a gelatin polymer. Protein binding, ELISA, and fluorescence analysis confirmed the molecular structure, and the function of the P47 antigen and CpG was maintained after fabrication, storage, and release from microneedles. In cell culture, the cargo released from the microneedle arrays triggered TLR9 signaling and activated primary dendritic cells at levels similar to native, unincorporated vaccine components. Together, these studies demonstrate the potential of microneedles as an easily deployable strategy for a P47-based malaria vaccine.
A power IC technology with excellent cross-talk isolation (1996)

This paper reports a low-cost, excellent cross-talk isolation power integrated circuit (PIG) technology capable of integrating high-voltage LDMOS, high-voltage LIGBT, and low-voltage CMOS control circuit. The technology is implemented using a conventional twin-well CMOS process with no compromise on the CMOS devices, and the breakdown voltages of the LDMOS and LIGBT with drift length of 40 μm are over 400 V. Using this technology, operating current of the body diode of the LDMOS can be improved by over 16 times and operating current of the LIGBT can be improved by over five times before CMOS latch-up in the control circuit occurs.
Chemical Vapor Infiltration of Carbon into Graphite Block with Uniform Bore Capillary Tubes (1998)

Chemical Vapor Infiltration with carbon was studied in uniform bore capillary tubes using CH4 as a source gasat 1300°C and 2 to 20 Torr. The relation between CVI parameters and the resultant deposition profile, rate andmicrostructure were examined.Higher CH4 flow rate produces higher deposition rate and higher degree of preferred orientation, but lessdeposition uniformity along the capillary. The contact time of 0.1 to 0.3 seconds is suggested to be a preferred numberwithin the condition studied, in terms of densification rate and uniformity.From the CVI using C2H2 and C6H6 as source gases, it is suggested that these two hydrocarbons are thedecomposition products in the early stage, and produce acetylenic and aromatic species. The aromatic species give highdeposition rate and deposit with high degree of preferred orientation. The acetylenic species give better penetration ina capillary.The CVI penetration depends on the diameter of the capillary, but in the capillarywith the diameter smaller thanmean free path of gases, deposition profile is also determined by the surface to volume ratio of the capillary.Finally, the effect of wall-block spacing was studied. Better uniformity along the flow and higher conversionrate of feed gas to deposit can be achieved by controlling the wall-block spacing.
Laplace-Beltrami Eigenfunctions Towards an Algorithm That "Understands" Geometry (2006)

One of the challenges in geometry processing is to automatically reconstruct a higher-level representation from raw geometric data. For instance, computing a parameterization of an object helps attaching information to it and converting between various representations. More generally, this family of problems may be thought of in terms of constructing structured function bases attached to surfaces. In this paper, we study a specific type of hierarchical function bases, defined by the eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. When applied to a sphere, this function basis corresponds to the classical spherical harmonics. On more general objects, this defines a function basis well adapted to the geometry and the topology of the object. Based on physical analogies (vibration modes), we first give an intuitive view before explaining the underlying theory. We then explain in practice how to compute an approximation of the eigenfunctions of a differential operator, and show possible applications in geometry processing
A transformed quantile-quantile plot for normal and bimodal distributions (1998)

Abstract A graphical method, named transformed quantile-quantile (TQQ), of a quantile-quantile plot was developed for the detection of deviations from the normal distribution. It will be shown that TQQ is helpful for detecting patterns of how points depart from normality. The TQQ plots for bimodal density distributions are constructed and compared with quantile-quantile plots. The characteristics of the various kinds of representations are illustrated by a generated sample from a composite of a normal distribution.
Balance Performance with a Cognitive Task: A Dual-Task Testing Paradigm (2005)

Combining the cognitive and balance assessments resulted in healthy subjects showing improved performance when compared with individual task performance. The dual-task methodology brought about systematic changes to reaction time in relation to increasing balance demands. The ability of this protocol to detect changes in postural control or cognitive function following concussive injury requires further study.
Origins of Region I Shear Thinning in Model Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorOrigins of Region I Shear Thinning in Model Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline PolymersV. M. Ugaz, D. K. Cinader, and W. R. BurghardtView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 Cite this: Macromolecules 1997, 30, 5, 1527–1530Publication Date (Web):March 10, 1997Publication History Received3 December 1996Revised13 January 1997Published online10 March 1997Published inissue 1 March 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma961759rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma961759rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views303Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Phase transitions,Scattering,Viscosity,X-ray scattering,X-rays Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis infection (1987)

We examined the diagnostic efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for class-specific antibodies to Bordetella pertussis in acute-phase sera collected from 1,240 patients with suspected pertussis. A total of 833 serum specimens (67%) yielded positive results. The proportion of positive results increased to 77% if a second (convalescent-phase) serum was also tested. By comparison, a bacterial agglutination test for B. pertussis antibodies was positive in only 21% of acute-phase specimens and 50% of paired specimens. The high proportion of acute-phase sera which were ELISA positive indicates that a measurable serologic response has usually occurred by the time the diagnosis is suspected. Thus, the ELISA is potentially the most rapid means of laboratory confirmation of B. pertussis infection.
Identification of novel tumor suppressor proteases by degradome profiling of colorectal carcinomas (2013)

Proteolytic enzymes play important roles during tumor development and progression through their ability to promote cell growth or by facilitating the invasion of surrounding tissues. The human genome contains more than 570 protease-coding genes, many of them forming functional networks, which has forced the use of global strategies for the analysis of this group of enzymes. In this study, we have designed a new quantitative PCR-based device for profiling the entire degradome in human malignancies. We have used this method to evaluate protease expression levels in colorectal carcinomas with the finding that most proteases with altered expression in these tumors exert their function in the extracellular compartment. In addition, we have found that among genes encoding repressed proteases there was a higher proportion with somatic mutations in colorectal cancer when compared to genes coding for upregulated proteases (14% vs. 4%, p<0.05). One of these genes, MASP3, is consistently repressed in colorectal carcinomas as well as in colorectal cancer cell lines when compared to normal colonic mucosa. Functional analysis of this gene revealed that ectopic expression of MASP3 reduces cell proliferation in vitro and restrains subcutaneous tumor growth, whereas its downregulation induces an increase in the tumorigenic potential of colorectal cancer cells. These results provide new insights into the diversity of proteases associated with cancer and support the utility of degradome profiling to identify novel proteases with tumor-defying functions.