gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional planar size effects in epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films (2004)

In order to test a critical lateral dimension in two-dimensional (2D) planar ferroelectrics, epitaxial PbTiO3 thin films are patterned into discrete islands lithographically with different lateral sizes. As the pattern size decreases, the substrate clamping effect is significantly reduced and thus the misfit strain in the films could be relaxed further. Evolution of 90° domain structures as a function of lateral dimensions was characterized extensively by reciprocal space mapping using synchrotron x ray. As the lateral 2D planar size decreases in the PbTiO3 patterns on MgO(001), some of the a domains turned into c domains due to the relaxed tensile strain. In the PbTiO3 patterns on Pt(001)∕MgO(001), on the other hand, the formation of 90° domains is enhanced by the reduction in compressive misfit strain. Equilibrium domain structures in the PbTiO3 thin film islands are also analyzed by the finite element simulation and found to be consistent with the experimental observation.
Muscle Powered Circulatory Assist Device for Diastolic Counterpulsator (1989)

A diastolic counterpulsator that uses either skeletal muscle or pneumatic actuation was developed. The unit is positioned between the latissimus dorsi and the chest wall, without interference with collateral blood supply, and is connected in series with the descending aorta. The system was able to generate stroke volumes between 52 and 16 ccs against pressures of 60 and 140 mmHg, respectively. Stroke work at 200 msec stimulation averaged 2.8 X 10(6) ergs. Power output at an afterload of 100 mmHg, and at a rate of 60 bpm, was 0.51 W. Back-up pneumatic actuation provided by an intraaortic balloon pump resulted in a 46% increase in the endocardial viability ratio (EVR).
Maintenance of Glucose Homeostasis through Acetylation of the Metabolic Transcriptional Coactivator PGC-1alpha (2007)

Abstract : The purpose of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that acetylation of PGC-1alpha by the Acetyl Transferase GCN5 associated proteins, Pc3 and WDR18, is a key regulatory modification that controls hepatic glucose production. This investigation has a define scope to specifically test how these proteins control the acetylation status of PGC-1alpha and what is the functional effect in blood glucose levels. The major findings of this Research Technical Report are that we have generated specific siRNAs that specifically knock-down Pc3 and WDR18 and control PGC-1alpha transcriptional function. Moreover, we have generated PGC-1alpha acetylation mutants, surprisingly GCN5 still repress these mutant indicating that other sites are also involved. The significance of these results are that we have identified two proteins, Pc3 and WDR18, that control PGC-1alpha activity and that previous acetylation sites identified in PGC-1alpha are no responsible for GCN5-mediated repression of PGC-1alpha. This leads to further effort to identify the specific sites on PGC-1alpha that are mediating the effects of GCN5 to control hepatic glucose production.
1307 A Strategy for Service Design based on Non-monetary Cost Concept (2008)

To make products have more added values largely from knowledge and services, service engineering is proposing a method for combining products and services at highly level. When customers use products and services, the customer owes not only a monetary cost but also a lot of non-monetary costs: a time loss, a psychological and physical load, etc. Since such non-monetary costs have a great influence when the customers compare several services, service providers need to take into account them. This paper aims at proposing a model for describing non-monetary costs and classification of them. The presented method is verified through its application to a food processing machine.
A new MAP for Mars (1993)

A Mars Aerial Platform (MAP) mission capable of generating thousands of very-high-resolution (20 cm/pixel) pictures of the Martian surface is considered. The MAP entry vehicle will map the global circulation of the planet's atmosphere and examine the surface and subsurface. Data acquisition will use instruments carried aboard balloons flying at nominal altitude of about 7 km over the Martian surface. The MAP balloons will take high- and medium-resolution photographs of Mars, sound its surface with radar, and provide tracking data to chart its winds. Mars vehicle design is based on the fourth-generation NTP, NEP, SEP vehicle set that provides a solid database for determining transportation system costs. Interference analysis and 3D image generation are performed using manual system sizing and sketching in conjunction with precise CAD modeling.
Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society in Europe for Simulation Applied to Medicine (2017)

Print-screen of the CPR Personal Trainer interface. Feedback to trainee is presented visually and numerically. In this session feedback indicates a need for improvement in all parameters (red labels). Visual and audible aids are available to help the hands position and the compressions rate, respectively
The Fundamentals of Gamut Mapping: A Survey (2001)

This article aims to give a survey of the fundamentals of gamut mapping by describing the cross-media color reproduction context in which it occurs, by giving definitions of terms used in conjunction with it, by describing its aims and by giving an overview of parameters that influence it. These parameters are primarily the choice of color space used, the category into which a gamut mapping algorithm belongs and whether the approach is image or medium dependent. A succinct summary is then given of the principal trends in gamut mapping studies conducted to date.
Recurrent LRP1-SNRNP25 and KCNMB4-CCND3 fusion genes promote tumor cell motility in human osteosarcoma (2014)

Our study represents the first whole transcriptome analysis of untreated human osteosarcoma. Our discovery of two osteosarcoma specific fusion genes associated with osteosarcoma cellular motility highlights the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma and provides opportunities for new treatment modalities.
Reply to “Overstated Claims of Efficacy and Safety. Comment On: Optimal Nutritional Status for a Well-Functioning Immune System Is an Important Factor to Protect against Viral Infections. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1181” (2020)

We thank Vorland et al [...].
Alteration of the Oligodendrocyte Lineage Varies According to the Systemic Inflammatory Stimulus in Animal Models That Mimic the Encephalopathy of Prematurity (2022)

Preterm birth before the gestational age of 32 weeks is associated with the occurrence of specific white matter damage (WMD) that can compromise the neurological outcome. These white matter abnormalities are embedded in more global brain damage defining the encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP). A global reduction in white matter volume that corresponds to chronic diffuse WMD is the most frequent form in contemporary cohorts of very preterm infants. This WMD partly results from alterations of the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage during the vulnerability window preceding the beginning of brain myelination. The occurrence of prenatal, perinatal and postnatal events in addition to preterm birth is related to the intensity of WMD. Systemic inflammation is widely recognised as a risk factor of WMD in humans and in animal models. This review reports the OL lineage alterations associated with the WMD observed in infants suffering from EoP and emphasizes the role of systemic inflammation in inducing these alterations. This issue is addressed through data on human tissue and imaging, and through neonatal animal models that use systemic inflammation to induce WMD. Interestingly, the OL lineage damage varies according to the inflammatory stimulus, i.e., the liposaccharide portion of the <i>E.Coli</i> membrane (LPS) or the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). This discrepancy reveals multiple cellular pathways inducible by inflammation that result in EoP. Variable long-term consequences on the white matter morphology and functioning may be speculated upon according to the intensity of the inflammatory challenge. This hypothesis emerges from this review and requires further exploration.
Enzyme release after elective cardioversion (1990)

Electrical cardioversion is reported to be associated with some degree of skeletal muscle and myocardial damage. In the present study, total creatine kinase (S-CK) and the activity of the subunit S-CK-B activity have been measured in serum after elective cardioversion in 30 patients. The enzyme activity peaked during a 28-h observation period. S-CK increased from 72 +/- 6 (mean +/- SEM) Ul-1 (1.2 +/- 0.1 ukat l-1) to a maximal value of 990 +/- 258 u l-1 (16.5 +/- 4.3 ukat l-1) and S-CK-B (analysed as a measure of S-CK-MB) increased from 3.0 +/- 0.6 U l-1 (0.05 +/- 0.01 ukat l-1) to a maximum of 10.2 +/- 1.8 U l-1 (0.17 +/- 0.03 ukat l-1), with seven patients reaching a S-CK-B value above the discrimination limit for myocardial infarction. The relationship between S-CK and S-CK-B values, however, indicated a skeletal muscle origin of the enzyme release. The maximal activity of both S-CK (r = 0.79; P less than 0.001) and S-CK-B (r = 0.70; P less than 0.001) correlated positively to the cumulative delivered energy. Thus, the release of S-CK and S-CK-B after elective cardioversion is correlated to the cumulative energy delivered, indicating increased skeletal muscle damage with greater energy. If the S-CK activity curve is interpreted without access to the S-CK-B activity this might interfere with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Bottom-Up Extraction and Trust-Based Refinement of Ontology Metadata (2007)

We present a way of building ontologies that proceeds in a bottom-up fashion, defining concepts as clusters of concrete XML objects. Our rough bottom-up ontologies are based on simple relations like association and inheritance, as well as on value restrictions, and can be used to enrich and update existing upper ontologies. Then, we show how automatically generated assertions based on our bottom-up ontologies can be associated with a flexible degree of trust by nonintrusively collecting user feedback in the form of implicit and explicit votes. Dynamic trust-based views on assertions automatically filter out imprecisions and substantially improve metadata quality in the long run
Expert-independent classification of mature B-cell neoplasms using standardized flow cytometry: a multicentric study (2021)

Reproducible expert-independent flow-cytometric criteria for the differential diagnoses between mature B-cell neoplasms are lacking. We developed an algorithm-driven classification for these lymphomas by flow cytometry and compared it to the WHO gold standard diagnosis. Overall, 662 samples from 662 patients representing 9 disease categories were analyzed at 9 laboratories using the previously published EuroFlow 5-tube-8-color B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disease antibody panel. Expression levels of all 26 markers from the panel were plotted by B-cell entity to construct a univariate, fully standardized diagnostic reference library. For multivariate data analysis, we subsequently used canonical correlation analysis of 176 training cases to project the multidimensional space of all 26 immunophenotypic parameters into 36 2-dimensional plots for each possible pairwise differential diagnosis. Diagnostic boundaries were fitted according to the distribution of the immunophenotypes of a given differential diagnosis. A diagnostic algorithm based on these projections was developed and subsequently validated using 486 independent cases. Negative predictive values exceeding 92.1% were observed for all disease categories except for follicular lymphoma. Particularly high positive predictive values were returned in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (99.1%), hairy cell leukemia (97.2%), follicular lymphoma (97.2%), and mantle cell lymphoma (95.4%). Burkitt and CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphomas were difficult to distinguish by the algorithm. A similar ambiguity was observed between marginal zone, lymphoplasmacytic, and CD10- diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. The specificity of the approach exceeded 98% for all entities. The univariate immunophenotypic library and the multivariate expert-independent diagnostic algorithm might contribute to increased reproducibility of future diagnostics in mature B-cell neoplasms.
Developmental Abnormalities Due to Mutations in the Aristaless-Related Homeobox Gene (2016)

Abstract Intellectual disability is a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders of the brain that combined affect approximately one in 50 individuals worldwide. X-linked intellectual disabilities represent a group of disorders where mutations arise on the X-chromosome. XLID is clinically complex and genetically heterogeneous. In excess of 100 genes are currently known. One of the most frequently mutated XLID genes (after e.g. FMR1 or MECP2) is the Aristaless related homeobox (ARX) gene. More than 110 mutations have been reported in ARX. The phenotype always involves intellectual disability and often also epilepsy, infantile spasms, hand dystonia, lissencephaly, autism or dysarthria. This chapter summarizes currently known mutations in ARX and their clinical manifestations and explores what is known about the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms.
Dibenzothienobisbenzothiophene-a novel fused-ring oligomer with high field-effect mobility (1999)

Conjugated oligomers with rigid, fused-ring structure are of interest for organic field-effect transistors where strong π-π interaction between adjacent molecules is required to obtain high charge carrier mobilities. Dibenzo[b,b′]thieno[2,3-f:5,4-f′]bis[1]benzothiophene (DBTBT) has been synthesized by a novel route, the key step of which is the acid-induced intramolecular cyclization reaction of aromatic methyl sulfoxides. Field-effect transistors (FETs) with thin, polycrystalline DBTBT films deposited by vacuum sublimation exhibit high field-effect mobilities of 0.15 cm 2 (Vs) –1 and ON-OFF current ratios >10 6 . The coupling reaction is not regioselective and different regioisomers have been identified. Degraded FET performance is observed when the sublimed films contain a mixture of different isomers.
Stochastic modeling of non-Lambertian surfaces for Monte Carlo computations in optical radiometry (2009)

The accuracy of Monte Carlo calculations in optical radiometry is often limited by the reflection model employed (usually, diffuse (Lambertian), or simplified specular-diffuse). There are many cases when these models cannot adequately simulate the bidirectional reflection distribution functions (BRDFs) of real materials, which can call into question the results of the calculations. The features and the methods of modeling with the use of importance sampling for various materials are considered with a focus on an acceptance-rejection technique and on a procedural ab initio method. The Monte Carlo algorithms for modeling non-Lambertian reflection are discussed. The simulated and measured BRDFs for several materials are compared.
Mixed Gastric- and Intestinal-type Metaplasia Is Formed by Cells with Dual Intestinal and Gastric Differentiation (2005)

We have proposed to divide intestinal metaplasia (IM) into two categories, i.e., a mixed gastric and intestinal (GI) type, and a solely intestinal (I) type, based on the residual gastric phenotype cells. The GI-mixed-type IM can be identified by the presence of both cells with either gastric or intestinal phenotypes in a single gland. This study is conducted to elucidate whether cells in the GI-mixed-type IM glands can simultaneously present both gastric and intestinal phenotypes. MUC5AC, MUC2, CD10 and villin expressions were investigated in 20 samples from five gastric cancer cases, directly using either AlexaFluor 488- or 568-labeled specific monoclonal antibodies and observed by fluorescent microscopy and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. GI-mixed IM glands comprise a population expressing MUC5AC and MUC2, MUC5AC and villin, and MUC5AC and CD10. MUC2 and villin expressions were reciprocally increased with decreasing MUC5AC expression, while CD10 expression was limited to cells with only a residual MUC5AC expression or no expression. These results suggest that a heterogeneous cell population with both gastric and intestinal phenotypes would develop into a single intestinal phenotype, as reflected in the progression of intestinal metaplasia from GI-mixed-type- to I-type IM-type glands.
Selection of reference genes is critical for miRNA expression analysis in human cardiac tissue. A focus on atrial fibrillation (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of complex biological processes in several cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation (AF). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction is a powerful technique to quantitatively assess miRNA expression profile, but reliable results depend on proper data normalization by suitable reference genes. Despite the increasing number of studies assessing miRNAs in cardiac disease, no consensus on the best reference genes has been reached. This work aims to assess reference genes stability in human cardiac tissue with a focus on AF investigation. We evaluated the stability of five reference genes (U6, SNORD48, SNORD44, miR-16, and 5S) in atrial tissue samples from eighteen cardiac-surgery patients in sinus rhythm and AF. Stability was quantified by combining BestKeeper, delta-C<sub>q</sub>, GeNorm, and NormFinder statistical tools. All methods assessed SNORD48 as the best and U6 as the worst reference gene. Applications of different normalization strategies significantly impacted miRNA expression profiles in the study population. Our results point out the necessity of a consensus on data normalization in AF studies to avoid the emergence of divergent biological conclusions.
Ευστάθεια πτήσης μη επανδρωμένων ελικοπτέρων (2010)

03465, (). : 75% - 25% - -
Antigenic triggers and molecular targets for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (2002)

While anti-double-stranded (ds)DNA antibodies are a characteristic serologic hallmark for SLE, the triggering antigen is unknown. Using phage display libraries, we identified DWEYSVWLSN as a peptide mimic of DNA for a pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibody. Peptide immunization of non-autoimmune mice induced anti-dsDNA as well as other lupus-associated antibodies. Molecular analysis of the induced anti-dsDNA antibodies revealed several similarities with anti-dsDNA antibodies that appear spontaneously in lupus mice. Furthermore, lupus-prone mice immunized with this peptide DNA mimic had higher autoantibody titers as well as more severe nephritis. Anti-DNA antibodies may contribute to lupus nephritis via cross-reactivity with renal antigen. Using western blotting of lysates of mesangial cells from a lupus mouse, we found that a pathogenic anti-DNA antibody binds to alpha-actinin. High titers of anti-alpha-actinin antibodies were present in the sera and kidney eluates of lupus mice with active disease. Binding to alpha-actinin was diminished in mesangial cells derived from BALB/c mice, suggesting that target antigen expression may play a role in determining autoantibody binding to the kidney. We conclude that a pathogenic, lupus-like autoantibody response can be induced by a peptide antigen, and that alpha-actinin is a cross-reactive renal target for the pathogenic anti-dsDNA autoantibody response in lupus mice.
Introducing Vibrio natriegens as a Microbial Model Organism for Microgravity Research (2019)

Microbial contamination of human-tended spacecraft is unavoidable, making the study of microbial growth under space conditions essential for the preservation of astronauts' health and equipment integrity. Previous studies suggested that spaceflight conditions, such as microgravity, cause a range of physiological microbial alterations including increased growth yields and decreased antibiotic susceptibility. Because of its fast generation time, <i>Vibrio natriegens</i> could be used as a model organism for a variety of studies where generation time is a critical factor. In this study, <i>V. natriegens</i> was used as a tool to study growth characteristics by determining the viable cell number and antibiotic susceptibility under simulated microgravity using a 2-D clinostat (60 rpm) to establish a test system that resolves changes in microbial growth on a solid surface (agar) under microgravity. The data show that <i>V. natriegens</i> biomass increases significantly after 24 h at 37°C under simulated microgravity. The final cell population after cultivation under simulated microgravity was 60-fold greater than when cultivated under normal terrestrial gravity (1 × <i>g</i>). No change in susceptibility to the antibiotic rifampicin after cultivation under simulated microgravity or normal gravity was detected. These data show that <i>V. natriegens</i> is a new and innovative model organism for microbial microgravity research.
Permeability and Its Temperature Dependency of Gelatin, Collagen Membranes and Bovine Eye Lens Capsule (1971)

In order to study the permeability of the gelatin membrane made insoluble by heating, collagen membrane, and bovine eye-lens capsule, the transport of KCl and NaCl through the membranes was examined at various temperatures. The permeability coefficient in the membrane, p*, the rate constant of the permeation at the interface, k, the apparerit membrane constant, f*, and the interface constant, fs, were calculated. The values of p* and k through the gelatin membrane increased for both electrolytes with increasing temperature. The values of f* (=P*/D) for both electrolytes were identical and constant at various temperatures. This fact suggests that gelatin and both electrolytes have no specific interaction. The values of fs(=k/D) were also identical and constant. The permeability of the collagen membrane for KCl and NaCl was greater than that of the gelatin membrane at the experimental temperature range, and P/D values were constant. The permeability of the bovine eyelens capsule from which the lens epithelium was taken off was more permeable than the gelatin membrane and was almost identical with that of the collagen membrane. The values of P/D were found to be constant as in the case of gelatin and collagen membranes.
Two-photon microscope for multisite microphotolysis of caged neurotransmitters in acute brain slices (2009)

We developed a two-photon microscope optimized for physiologically manipulating single neurons through their postsynaptic receptors. The optical layout fulfills the stringent design criteria required for high-speed, high-resolution imaging in scattering brain tissue with minimal photodamage. We detail the practical compensation of spectral and temporal dispersion inherent in fast laser beam scanning with acousto-optic deflectors, as well as a set of biological protocols for visualizing nearly diffraction-limited structures and delivering physiological synaptic stimuli. The microscope clearly resolves dendritic spines and evokes electrophysiological transients in single neurons that are similar to endogenous responses. This system enables the study of multisynaptic integration and will assist our understanding of single neuron function and dendritic computation.
[A finite element model of a cusp-replacing adhesive restoration]. (2003)

This article describes the development of a three-dimensional finite element model of a premolar, based on a micro-scale computed tomographic data-acquisition technique. Using the model shrinkage stresses were analysed during and after the polymerisation process of resin composite. The stress patterns generated were three-dimensional. The results of this study indicate that failure of the interface is more probable than failure of the composite material. The described procedure is a relatively easy method to produce a highly detailed 3-D finite element model of a premolar with an adhesive cups-replacing restoration.