gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Soluble and Highly Conductive Ionomer for High‐Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2009)

Easy cell: The new polymeric ionomer TPQPOH with a tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphonium unit has excellent solubility in some low-boiling-point water-soluble solvents, high ionic conductivity, and outstanding alkaline stability. A hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell containing this ionomer exhibits increased peak power density and reduced internal resistance. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Engineering the properties of functional oxides and integrating them on Si and GaAs thanks to molecular beam epitaxy (2018)

International audience
Transport properties of fullerene‐like WS2 nanoparticles (2006)

Abstract Electrical resistivity and Hall effect measurements of pellets compacted from fullerene‐like WS 2 nanoparticles ( IF ‐WS 2 ) and bulk 2H‐WS 2 powder were carried out using the van der Pauw method over a wide temperature range. In addition IF ‐WS 2 pellets were annealed at elevated temperatures under vacuum in a specially designed system. Arrhenius plots for the conductivities of the WS 2 samples (2H, IF and IF +annealing) exhibit marked uprise of ∂ ln ( sT –1 )/∂ T –1 with temperature. The resistivity of the non‐annealed IF ‐WS 2 pellets is higher by 2–8 orders of magnitude than that of 2H‐WS 2 pellets, whereas the resistivity of the annealed IF pellets is higher than that of the non‐annealed ones. Hall Effect measurements at 300 K show p‐type conductivity and similar carrier concentration for both types of materials. The carrier mobility of 2H‐WS 2 platelets is found to be in the range of the reported values. However, IF ‐WS 2 pellets have shown an unusually low mobility for a semiconducting material. The experimental data was found to be in a good agreement with a model used for analyzing the conductivity of polycrystalline semiconductors, which takes into consideration fluctuations of the barrier heights among the different nanoparticles as well as within a single nanoparticle boundary. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Introduction: How are West European party systems changing? (1989)

(1989). Introduction: How are West European party systems changing? West European Politics: Vol. 12, Understanding Party System Change in Western Europe, pp. 1-2.
Spot drip application of dimethyl disulfide as a post‐plant treatment for the control of plant parasitic nematodes and soilborne pathogens in grape production (2013)

Post-plant fumigation with DMDS controlled plant parasitic nematodes in established grapevines but was less efficacious against soilborne pathogens. Low rates of DMDS were sufficient for nematode control and increased the grape yield, probably without affecting beneficial soil organisms. Further research on evaluating the potential effect of DMDS against beneficial soil organisms is needed.
Comparing the gut flora of Irish breastfed and formula-fed neonates aged between birth and 6 weeks old (2005)

Ireland has one of the lowest breastfeeding rates in the developed world.A gut flora consisting of high levels of the bacteria Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli is regarded as a healthy gut.These bacteria are reported to impart beneficial health properties to humans.This project looked at the establishment of eight selected representative bacterial groups of the gut flora at three time points in the 0-6 week range, differentiating between breast fed and formula fed babies.Microbiological methods were used to specifically enumerate Lactobacilli sp., Bifidobacteria sp., Enterococci sp., Staphylococci sp., Bacteroides sp., Clostridia sp. and coliforms present in the gut.The data indicated major trends present, including the fact that Bifidobacteria sp. and Lactobacilli sp. were more prevalent in the gut flora of breast fed neonates whereas E.coli and Enterococci sp. were more prevalent in the gut flora of formula fed neonates.The higher prevalence of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, which are often incorporated into probiotic foods, in Irish breast fed neonates thus re-enforces the advantages of breastfeeding over formula feeding.
Effects of physical training on myocardial ischaemia in patients with coronary artery disease. (1980)

The effects of a simple physical training programme were investigated in a prospective and randomised trial in patients with stable angina pectoris using a modified exercise test. Twenty-four patients with ischaemic heart disease and an ischaemic response to conventional exercise electrocardiography were randomised into two groups: 12 patients took part in a training programme and 12 patients were allocated to a control group (no training). Exercise testing was performed sequentially at entry to the study and six months afterwards. At both studies we determined the heart rate at the same level of ischaemic ST segment depression (HR/ST threshold), the duration of the test, and relation of heart rate to the exercise load. The HR/ST threshold increased only in patients who underwent the exercise programme, suggesting indirectly that training resulted in the ability to do more work and attain a higher degree of myocardial oxygen consumption at the same level of myocardial ischaemia. In addition, training led to an increase in the duration of the test and to a reduction in heart rate at any level of submaximal exercise load. It is concluded that physical training in anginal patients results in an enhancement of myocardial oxygen availability.
Decomposed Eigenface Method along with Image Correction for Robust Face Recognition (2002)

We have proposed a decomposition of the eigenface into two orthogonal eigenspaces and have shown that the decomposition is effective for realizing robust face recognition under various lighting conditions [lo]. The present paper refines the decomposed eigenface method by introducing a projection-based image correction. The image correction technique is principally authorized when the object shape is fixed and a sufficient number of images are taken beforehand. However, the proposed technique can also be applied to a canonical eigenspace, which is constructed from several faces taken under various lighting conditions. Reflective noises, shadows and occlusions are detected and corrected by the projection of a facial image onto the canonical eigenface. Based on the newly proposed image correction, we develop herein a refined decomposed eigenface method. The experimental results indicate that the refinement works well for face recognition under various lighting conditions, as compared to the original decomposed eigenface method. 1
Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels mediate sodium and calcium influx in rat colon (2000)

We found mRNA for the three isoforms of the cyclic nucleotide-gated nonselective cation channel expressed in the mucosal layer of the rat intestine from the duodenum to the colon and in intestinal epithelial cell lines in culture. Because these channels are permeable to sodium and calcium and are stimulated by cGMP or cAMP, we measured 8-bromo-cGMP-stimulated sodium-mediated short-circuit current (I(sc)) in proximal and distal colon and unidirectional (45)Ca(2+) fluxes in proximal colon to determine whether these channels could mediate transepithelial sodium and calcium absorption across the colon. Sodium-mediated I(sc), stimulated by 8-bromo-cGMP, were inhibited by dichlorobenzamil and l-cis-diltiazem, blockers of cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels, suggesting that these ion channels can mediate transepithelial sodium absorption. Sodium-mediated I(sc) and net transepithelial (45)Ca(2+) absorption were stimulated by heat-stable toxin from Escherichia coli that increases cGMP. Addition of l-cis-diltiazem inhibited the enhanced transepithelial absorption of both ions. These results suggest that cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels simultaneously increase net sodium and calcium absorption in the colon of the rat.
Targeting Therapy for Resistant Multiple Myeloma with a Novel Inhibitor of NF-KB, NPI-1387. (2005)

Abstract Transcription factor NF-KB is linked to growth and survival of multiple myeloma (MM)cells; blockade of NF-KB activity is therefore an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here we describe NPI-1387, a potent inhibitor of NF-KB activation and its effects on MM cells, including those resistant to conventional agents dexamethasone or doxorubicin. Cell-based assays were used to screen a library of 200 semi-synthetic analogs derived from the pimarane diterpene, Acanthoic acid. Among these analogs, NPI-1387 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-A synthesis in the murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells most potently. Importantly, NPI-1387 reduced TNF-A-induced NF-KB activation in a HEK293 NF-KB/luciferase reporter cell line. Therefore additional studies were initiated to define the biological activities in MM. Treatment of MM cells lines (MM.1S, MM.1R, OCI-My5, OPM1, Dox-40) with NPI-1347 for 48h induces a dose-dependent significant (P &amp;lt; 0.004) decrease in cell viability in all cell lines at pharmacologically achievable concentrations (IC50 range 25–40 micromolar). To determine whether NPI-1387-decreased cell viability is due to apoptosis, various MM cell lines were treated at their respective IC50 for 48h; harvested; and analyzed for apoptosis. NPI-1387 triggered significant apoptosis in these cells, as measured by a marked increase in nuclear condensation reflected by dense pattern of DAPI stain under phase contrast microscopy. In contrast, untreated control cells exhibited homogeneous and intact nuclei. Besides nuclear condensation, NPI-1387 triggered proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP), a hallmark of apoptosis. Examination of purified patient MM cells demonstrated similar results. Notably, NPI-1387 decreases the viability of cells obtained from Bortezomib-refractory MM patient. In contrast, no significant toxicity of NPI-1387 was observed against peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal healthy donors or CD138− MM patient cells. Moreover, NPI-1387 does not affect the viability of MM patient-derived bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that apoptosis proceeds by two major cell death pathways: an intrinsic pathway that involves mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and release of several apoptogenic factors, followed by caspase-9 activation; and an extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway that occurs via caspase-8 activation. Both caspase-8 and caspase-9 activate downstream caspase-3. We therefore next examined whether NPI-1387 triggers extrinsic or intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. Our results show that NPI-1387 (25 micromolar) induces activation of caspase-8, and caspase-9, followed by caspase-3 cleavage. These data suggest that NPI-1387-triggered MM cell apoptosis predominantly proceeds via caspase-8/caspase-9&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;caspase-3 signaling pathway. Together, these findings provide the rationale for clinical evaluation of NPI-1387 to induce MM cell killing, overcome drug-resistance, and improve patient outcome in MM.
Reaktionen des Hexacyanbenzols mit Alkoholen. Pentacyanphenyläther und polycyansubstituierte Meisenheimer‐Komplexe (1973)

Abstract Hexacyanbenzol ( 1 ) reagiert bei 20°C langsam mit Alkoholen unter Bildung der entsprechenden Pentacyanphenyläther ( 2,3 ), die sich auch bei der Einwirkung molarer Mengen Alkoholat auf 1 oder Chlorpentacyanbenzol ( 4 ) bilden. Die Pentacyanphenyläther übertragen bei mäßig erhöhter Temperatur ihre Alkylgruppe auf Alkohole unter Bildung von aliphatischen Äthern und Pentacyanphenol ( 5 ). Die Bildung von Meisenheimer‐Komplexen 11 aus 1 und Natriumalkoholat oder aus Pentacyanphenyläthern und Natriumcyanid in Lösung wird nachgewiesen. Die Komplexe 11 zerfallen beim Ansäuern in Gemische aus 1 und dem entsprechenden Pentacyanphenyläther. Aufgrund dieser Beobachtungen wird eine neue Darstellung von 1 und 4 direkt aus 1,3,5‐Trichlor‐2,4,6‐tricyanbenzol ( 6 ) ausgearbeitet.
Glucose‐Sensitive Liposomes Incorporating Hydrophobically Modified Glucose Oxidase (2008)

Glucose-sensitive liposomes were prepared by incorporating hydrophobically modified glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4.) into the liposomal bilayer of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine and cholesteryl hemisuccinate. For the release test, calcein, a fluorescence marker, was entrapped in the liposomes. The liposomes were stable under neutral conditions in terms of calcein release but an extensive release was observed under acidic conditions. In the experiment of glucose concentration-dependent calcein release, no release was observed for 180 min when the suspension of liposome was free of glucose. With a glucose concentration of 50 mg/dL, no appreciable amount of calcein was released for the first 20 min, and then the release rate was accelerated. At 200 mg/dL glucose concentration which is diagnostic and indicative for insulin-dependent diabetes, the lag time of calcein release became shorter and a faster response was obtained. When glucose concentration further increased to 400 mg/dL, the calcein release rate and the degree of release in 180 min were almost the same as the values when the glucose concentration was 200 mg/dL. The glucose concentration-dependent release is due to pH change, since the suspension of liposomes became acidic during the release experiments.
Microvascular tissue plasminogen activator is reduced in diabetic neuropathy (2007)

These results demonstrate a four- to sixfold increase in the number of peripheral nerve microvessels lacking immunodetectable tissue plasminogen activator in the epineurial and endoneurial vessels in diabetes, suggesting that impaired endogenous fibrinolysis might contribute to microvascular ischemia in human diabetic neuropathy.
Effect of Nitrogen on Blister Growth Process during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel (2012)

Blistering occurs when oxide scale swells during oxidation at high temperatures. Blistered scale causes surface defects when rolled. The present study investigated the effect of nitrogen on blister growth when steel is oxidized at high temperatures, and drew the following conclusions. Atmospheric conditions before oxidation affect blister growth. Blisters nucleate but do not grow, when a steel sample is held in Ar gas or in vacuum before oxidation. Blisters inflate when a steel sample is held in N2 gas before oxidation. The gas inside the grown blisters is mainly N2 gas. The steel surface is nitrided in N2 gas at high temperatures. It is deduced that the steel surface is nitrided before oxidation, and the nitrogen component causes blister growth upon its release as N2 gas at the scale/steel interface.
Dose, exposure time and resolution in serial X-ray crystallography (2007)

The resolution of X-ray diffraction microscopy is limited by the maximum dose that can be delivered prior to sample damage. In the proposed serial crystallography method, the damage problem is addressed by distributing the total dose over many identical hydrated macromolecules running continuously in a single-file train across a continuous X-ray beam, and resolution is then limited only by the available molecular and X-ray fluxes and molecular alignment. Orientation of the diffracting molecules is achieved by laser alignment. The incident X-ray fluence (energy/area) is evaluated that is required to obtain a given resolution from (i) an analytical model, giving the count rate at the maximum scattering angle for a model protein, (ii) explicit simulation of diffraction patterns for a GroEL-GroES protein complex, and (iii) the spatial frequency cut-off of the transfer function following iterative solution of the phase problem, and reconstruction of an electron density map in the projection approximation. These calculations include counting shot noise and multiple starts of the phasing algorithm. The results indicate counting time and the number of proteins needed within the beam at any instant for a given resolution and X-ray flux. An inverse fourth-power dependence of exposure time on resolution is confirmed, with important implications for all coherent X-ray imaging. It is found that multiple single-file protein beams will be needed for sub-nanometer resolution on current third-generation synchrotrons, but not on fourth-generation designs, where reconstruction of secondary protein structure at a resolution of 7 A should be possible with relatively short exposures.
Comparison of in vivo acute stent recoil between the bioabsorbable everolimus‐eluting coronary stent and the everolimus‐eluting cobalt chromium coronary stent: Insights from the ABSORB and SPIRIT trials (2007)

In vivo acute stent recoil of the BVS is slightly larger but insignificantly different from that of the EES, implying that the BVS may have good radial strength similar to the metallic stent.
Interference driven linear precoding for cognitive radio downlink (2011)

We investigate linear precoding in the downlink of a multiuser multiple-input-single-output (MISO) cognitive radio (CR) system where cognitive users (CUs) share the spectrum with primary users (PUs). In previous studies, linear precoding techniques in CR network aim to limit or completely cancel the interference to the primary users while achieving maximum downlink throughput of the CR system. Here, we make use of interference energy when the interference between the primary and cognitive systems is mutually constructive on an instantaneous basis. By doing so, the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is enhanced by the signal energy gleaned from the constructive interference. The presented analysis and simulations show that the proposed precoding techniques outperform the conventional techniques, as the CR transmission actively enhances the performance of the primary users through constructive interference while achieving improved performance for its own transmission.
ENDOSCOPIC TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL SURGICAL APPROACH TO THE OPTIC NERVE AND MEDIAL INTRACONAL SPACE (2008)

The endoscopic medial transconjunctival surgical approach provides minimally invasive direct access to the medial intraconal space and the intraorbital optic nerve. The approach is easy; minimally disturbs structures; and lends itself to biopsy, drainage, and even excision of selected lesions in this region without muscle transection and with aesthetically acceptable anatomic closure.
Electrochemical behaviour of sodium dithionite at a platinum electrode and determination of diffusion coefficient in alkaline solution (1999)

The electrochemical behaviour of sodium dithionite at a platinum electrode has been investigated in this paper. Two oxidation waves of sodium dithionite were observed with formation of sulfite as a stable intermediate species. It has been found that the oxidation of sodium dithionite to sulfite, according to the first wave, is controlled by the rate of mass transport, the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate, however, is not purely controlled by transport phenomena. Using the ratio of the limiting currents of both oxidation waves it was possible to determine the diffusion coefficient of sodium dithionite by extrapolation to the small rotation rate of the platinum electrode. From the obtained results it is also advisable to make use of the first oxidation reaction for analytical purposes.
Children's use of mouse-based interfaces to control virtual travel (1994)

Article Free Access Share on Children's use of mouse-based interfaces to control virtual travel Author: Erik Strommen Children's Television Workshop, Interactive Technologies Department, One Lincoln Plaza, New York, New York Children's Television Workshop, Interactive Technologies Department, One Lincoln Plaza, New York, New YorkView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '94: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 1994 Pages 405–410https://doi.org/10.1145/191666.191803Published:24 April 1994Publication History 16citation640DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations16Total Downloads640Last 12 Months18Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
US adults recommended for weight reduction by 1998 and 2013 obesity guidelines,NHANES2007‐2012 (2015)

The 2013 guidelines increased the number of adults to be treated with weight loss by 24.2 million, with the increases spread across groups that differ in socio demographic characteristics.
Anomalous thermal expansion of Pb–Te system semiconductors (2010)

The thermal expansion properties of sintered samples of PbTe doped with 0.5 mass % PbI2 and those of Pb0.5Sn0.5Te were evaluated by two different methods such as: (1) by determining the apparent expansion coefficient obtained from dimensional changes and (2) by estimating the crystal lattice expansion coefficient calculated from the crystal lattice spacing. Abnormally large values of the apparent expansion coefficients were observed only for samples prepared from fine powders with a particle size of 25 μm or less at high temperatures above 400 °C, while such large values were not obtained for other samples in that temperature range. No significant differences were observed between the lattice expansion coefficients of the samples prepared from the fine powders and those of the other samples. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the abnormally large expansion developed in the crystal grain boundaries. The grain boundary effects were estimated by comparing the apparent expansion coefficients and the lattice expansion coefficients. Some substances were found to be deposited in the apparatus during the experiment, and they were identified as compounds that including tellurium by the x-ray diffraction analysis. It was concluded that this curious expansion phenomenon was caused by decomposition and sublimation of tellurium from the telluride samples at the high temperature range.
Gene Therapy Toward Clinical Application in the Cardiovascular Field (2009)

Abstract This chapter discusses the results of a study which assessed the potential of hepatocyte growth factor as a powerful angiogenic factor for treating peripheral arterial disease. It describes a novel strategy for combating the disease processes whereby the transcriptional process is targeted by transfection of cis-element double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), which served as a decoy. Transfection of decoy attenuates the authentic cis-trans interaction, leading to removal of trans-factors from the endogenous cis-elements and subsequent modulation of gene expression. A decoy was developed for nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB) that resulted in the inhibition of NF-κB-dependent gene activation including several kind of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. In animal experiments, the transfection of NP-κB decoy into coronary artery decreased the infarction size in the ischemic-reperfusion rat myocardial infarction model, and also reduced the neointimal formation after balloon injury of rat carotid artery. Taken together with the results from other animal models, ODN decoy strategy has a great potential in gene therapy for cardiovascular diseases.