gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activated T cells in addition to LAV/HTLV-III infection: a necessary precondition for development of AIDS. (1987)

Urinary neopterin levels are raised with a high incidence in all risk groups for AIDS. Neopterin elevations reflect activated cellular immunity in risk group members, in some cases independently of LAV/HTLV-III infection. Moreover, we are able to show that in patients receiving multiple blood transfusions at least a transient challenge of cell-mediated immunity occurs, which is indicated in part by increasing neopterin levels. We conclude that neopterin levels are a reliable index for assessment of susceptibility for AIDS when infection with LAV/HTLV-III occurs. Activated status of cell-mediated immunity might predispose infected persons to an overwhelming infection and secondary spreading of LAV/HTLV-III, thus leading to the development of full-blown AIDS or ARC. As a consequence of these observations, T-cell-stimulatory actions and agents should intentionally be avoided. Treatment of AIDS patients with immunosuppressants should be examined. The success of therapeutic regimens should be monitored by measurement of neopterin levels.
Anaerobic Central Metabolic Pathways in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Reinterpreted in the Light of Isotopic Metabolite Labeling (2006)

It has been proposed that during growth under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 uses the serine-isocitrate lyase pathway common to many methylotrophic anaerobes, in which formaldehyde produced from pyruvate is condensed with glycine to form serine. The serine is then transformed through hydroxypyruvate and glycerate to enter central metabolism at phosphoglycerate. To examine its use of the serine-isocitrate lyase pathway under anaerobic conditions, we grew S. oneidensis MR-1 on [1-13C]lactate as the sole carbon source, with either trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) or fumarate as an electron acceptor. Analysis of cellular metabolites indicated that a large percentage (>70%) of lactate was partially oxidized to either acetate or pyruvate. The 13C isotope distributions in amino acids and other key metabolites indicate that under anaerobic conditions, although glyoxylate synthesized from the isocitrate lyase reaction can be converted to glycine, a complete serine-isocitrate pathway is not present and serine/glycine is, in fact, oxidized via a highly reversible degradation pathway. The labeling data also suggest significant activity in the anapleurotic (malic enzyme and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase) reactions. Although the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is often observed to be incomplete in many other anaerobes (absence of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity), isotopic labeling supports the existence of a complete TCA cycle in S. oneidensis MR-1 under certain anaerobic conditions, e.g., TMAO-reducing conditions.
Functional evolution of ADAMTS genes: Evidence from analyses of phylogeny and gene organization (2005)

The evolutionary history of ADAMTS genes in vertebrate genomes has been marked by rampant gene duplication, including a retrotransposition that gave rise to a distinct ADAMTS subfamily (ADAMTS1, -4, -5, -8, -15) that may have distinct aggrecanase and angiogenesis functions.
Prediction of Hospitalizations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Frailty Index (2020)

The SLICC-FI predicts future hospitalizations among incident SLE patients, further supporting the SLICC-FI as a valid health measure in SLE.
Studies on the Group-specific Polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup X and an Improved Procedure for Its Isolation (1974)

Abstract The purified serogroup X meningococcal polysaccharide contains equimolar proportions of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d- glucose and phosphate as its sole constituents. Under conditions of mild acid hydrolysis the polysaccharide yielded only 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose 4-phosphate, indicating that the adjacent acetamido sugar units are linked by 1→4 phosphodiester bonds. Other studies on the polysaccharide indicate that it is linear, has an average chain length of 50 units, and that the glycosidic phosphodiester bonds are in the α configuration. Serological studies on the polysaccharide have shown that its antiserum is highly specific for the position of linkage of the phosphodiester bonds. Also, the poor inhibitory properties, to the precipitin reaction, of the α-1-phosphate and 4-phosphate monomers indicate that the main serological specificity is probably directed to oligomer units. The polysaccharide was isolated by a method involving buffered phenol extraction, to remove protein contaminants, with subsequent treatment by ribonuclease, to remove nucleic acid. This rapid and simple procedure is adaptable to the isolation of other meningococcal polysaccharides (serogroups A, B, C, Y, and Z) in both good yields and a high degree of purity.
Commutations optiques ultra-rapides dans un film non-linéaire de silicium sur saphir (1987)

Un dispositif original de commutation entièrement optique, utilisant l'excitation de modes guidés dans un film de silicium sur saphir est présenté. Cette structure a permis l'observation de commutations rapides (quelques centaines de picosecondes). Une analyse théorique est exposée qui permet d'expliquer les observations expérimentales et de définir les conditions d'utilisation permettant d'obtenir la bistabilité.
Analysis of the measurement capability of optical fringe projection systems (2003)

Quality control describes numerous methods for monitoring the quality of a production process. With respect to this it will be a growing requirement on optical 3D-measurement techniques to reach the demands of the measurement capability. Here the limitations to fulfill these demands under industrial conditions are discussed when using fringe-projection technique for 3D-measurement. The analysis is done while measuring an automotive stamping part and a 3D-gauge with a telecentric fringe projection system, as examples. In the analysis we determined some geometric features like diameter of hole and bending angles of parts of the object surface. The results demonstrate the possibility to achieve a standard deviation of lower than 1 &mu;m within a measurement volume of 90 mm in diameter for the geometric features. Due to the low standard deviation a measurement capability has been reached like tactile measurement systems. To achieve this the influence of the locale choice of the geometric fitting procedure onto the point cloud has to be taken into account.
Morphological and genetic effects of benomyl on polyploid brewing yeasts: isolation of auxotrophic mutants (1984)

An enrichment procedure after ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis and exposure to the fungicide benomyl yielded mutants auxotrophic for several amino acids from two polyploid Saccharomyces spp. Benomyl treatment was found to have a marked morphological effect on polyploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae, causing cells to adopt a characteristic doublet cell morphology in which buds are nearly as large as the parent cells. Experiments in which nuclear division was monitored in benomyl-induced doublet cells by Giemsa nuclear staining demonstrated an unusual sequence of cytological events which culminated in the formation of binucleate parental and mononucleate bud components. The frequency of formation of doublet and binucleate parent cells was found to depend on the strain employed and the benomyl concentration administered.
Differential modulation of Toll-like receptors by fatty acids: preferential inhibition by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (2003)

Human subjects consuming fish oil showed a significant suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in blood monocytes when stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an agonist for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Results with a murine monocytic cell line (RAW 264.7) stably transfected with COX-2 promoter reporter gene also demonstrated that LPS-induced COX-2 expression was preferentially inhibited by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3), the major n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) present in fish oil. Additionally, DHA and EPA significantly suppressed COX-2 expression induced by a synthetic lipopeptide, a TLR2 agonist. These results correlated with the preferential suppression of LPS- or lipopeptide-induced NF kappa B activation by DHA and EPA. The target of inhibition by DHA is TLR itself or its associated molecules, but not downstream signaling components. In contrast, COX-2 expression by TLR2 or TRL4 agonist was potentiated by lauric acid, a saturated fatty acid. These results demonstrate that inhibition of COX-2 expression by n-3 PUFAs is mediated through the modulation of TLR-mediated signaling pathways. Thus, the beneficial or detrimental effects of different types of dietary fatty acids on the risk of the development of many chronic inflammatory diseases may be in part mediated through the modulation of TLRs.
First Molecular Characterization of Group B Streptococci with Reduced Penicillin Susceptibility (2008)

Group B streptococci (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) are the leading cause of neonatal invasive diseases and are also important pathogens for adults. Penicillins are the drugs of first choice for the treatment of GBS infections, since GBS have been regarded to be uniformly susceptible to penicillins so far. Here we characterize the first strains of GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) identified in Japan. Fourteen PRGBS strains were clinically isolated from the sputa of elderly patients from 1995 to 2005; and the MICs of penicillin, oxacillin, and ceftizoxime ranged from 0.25 to 1 microg/ml, 2 to 8 microg/ml, and 4 to 128 microg/ml, respectively. Moreover, some strains were also insusceptible to ampicillin, cefazolin, cefepime, and cefotaxime. All the PRGBS isolates tested possessed a few amino acid substitutions adjacent to the conserved SSN and KSG motifs (amino acids 402 to 404 and 552 to 554, respectively) of PBP 2X, and the amino acid substitutions could be classified into two types, Q557E and V405A. Western blotting analysis of the 14 clinical isolates with anti-PBP 2X-specific serum suggested that the amount of PBP 2X among the 14 PRGBS isolates was reduced, although the 2 ATCC strains produced a significant amount of PBP 2X. The introduction of PRGBS-derived PBP 2X genes into penicillin-susceptible strains through allelic exchange elevated their penicillin insusceptibility, suggesting that these altered PBP 2X genes are responsible for the penicillin insusceptibility in PRGBS strains. In this study, we characterized for the first time PRGBS strains on a molecular basis, although several reports have so far mentioned the existence of beta-lactam-insusceptible GBS from a phenotypic standpoint.
Intelligent cruise control stop and go with and without communication (2006)

Most studies so far on automated driving and semi-automated driving have been for highways. In this paper, we study a fairly restrictive scenario "stop and go" in city driving. We assume that slowing down and stopping will be accomplished by the automated system (adaptive cruise control). The starting and acceleration of the car will be controlled by the human driver. A simple human driver model is used to represent the reactions of the driver. The traffic flow consists of automated and manual controlled vehicles. A traffic simulator is developed to simulate the city driving scenario and various traffic flows. Both a totally isolated car (without cooperation) and then the possibility of cooperation through wireless with cars ahead are considered.
Teleoperation Assistance with Object Recognition and Visual Feedback for Grasping Approach (2020)

In this paper, we propose a semi-autonomous teleoperation assistance strategy for those users who are unfamiliar with robot operation. From a viewpoint of remote human support, we have been developing a teleoperation system with a VR interface for Toyota HSR. In order to improve its operability in object grasping during teleoperation, we introduce a shared control methodology to compensate robot hand position through visual feedback with object recognition using a robot hand-mounted camera and a depth camera. Through a pilot experiment, we demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed method.
Wide-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers Based on Alkylthiofuran-Substituted Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran for Efficient Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells (2018)

The alkythiofuran-based benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran (BDFS) unit presents the planar and rigid structure with favorable inter/intramolecular interactions and is expected to be a promising building block to construct the highly efficient photovoltaic polymers. Herein, we reported two novel wide-bandgap conjugated polymers, PBDFS-Bz and PBDFS-fBz, which were based on BDFS and benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (Bz) units, and investigated their photovoltaic performances in fullerene-free polymer solar cells (PSCs). PBDFS-Bz and PBDFS-fBz show similar optical properties with the wide bandgaps of ∼1.88 eV. The HOMO energy level of PBDFS-Bz is at −5.30 eV, whereas it is downshifted to −5.45 eV for PBDFS-fBz due to the strong electron-withdrawing fluorine substitutes. The optimized fullerene-free PSC based on PBDFS-Bz:ITIC achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.07% with a Voc of 0.82 V, a Jsc of 15.14 mA cm–2, and a FF of 65%. Under the same conditions, PBDFS-fBz:ITIC device won a promising PCE of 9.00% with an enhanced Voc of 0.88 V, a Jsc of 15.26 mA cm–2, and a FF of 67.0%. It is found that the improved photovoltaic performance of PBDFS-fBz:ITIC device is mainly due to the enhanced Voc in comparison with that of PBDFS-Bz:ITIC device. To the best of our knowledge, the photovoltaic performances are among the best devices reported for fullerene-free PSCs with BDF polymers as donors. These results demonstrate that the rational design of BDF building block is highly important in obtaining the state-of-the-art photovoltaic performances.
Dorsal clitoral nerve injury following transobturator midurethral sling (2020)

Transobturator slings can be successfully used to treat stress urinary incontinence and improve quality of life through a minimally invasive vaginal approach. Persistent postoperative pain can occur and pose diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Following a sling procedure, a patient complained of pinching clitoral and perineal pain. Her symptoms of localized clitoral pinching and pain became generalized over the ensuing years, eventually encompassing the entire left vulvovaginal region.
Influence of the Stretching on the Ionic Conductivity of Solid Polymer Electrolyte (2020)

Conventional Li-ion batteries contain flammable liquid based electrolytes that can leak and react violently with the environment leading to a fire.[1] A solution is to replace the liquid electrolyte by a Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPEs). Indeed, SPEs are of interest thanks to their flexibility, process easiness, lack of volatile compounds, and chemical and electrochemical stability toward one the most promising anode material, i.e. Li metal.[2] Among the variety of SPEs reported in literature, Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) doped with a Li salt is the most studied polymer electrolyte.[3] Indeed, PEO contains ether coordination sites that efficiently dissociate Li salts and its flexible macromolecular backbone enables ionic transport. Ionic conduction in SPEs depends for a large part on the dynamics of the polymer chains (ref. Devaux et al . SSI 2012). Therefore, a fine understanding of the relationship between polymer chain conformation and ionic conductivity is necessary to pave the way toward an optimized SPE. The goal being to produce a SPE suitable for a Li metal battery operating at room temperature. In this study, we report first on a setup designed to stretch SPE coupled with impedance spectroscopy in controlled Argon atmosphere. As an example, Figure 1 shows the impedance spectra under Argon at room temperature of a SPE made of high molecular weight PEO laden with LiTFSI (EO:Li =25) at different elongations ( ε ). Then, in-plane and through-plane conductivity of SPEs have been compared. 3 different type of SPEs has been studied of i) reference PEO/LiTFSI, ii ) block copolymer electrolyte comprising polystyrene and PEO blocks (ref. Bouchet et al , Macromolecules 2014), and iii) composite electrolytes where PEO or the block copolymer is mixed with inorganic particles. References [1] D. Lisbona, T. Snee, Process Saf. Environ. , 89 (2011) 434. [2] W. Xu et al. , Energy Environ. Sci. , 7 (2014) 513. [3] R C. Agrawal, G. P. Pandey, J. Phys, D , 41 (2008) 223001. Figure 1
On-Demand Visible-Light Sensing with Optical Memory Capabilities Based on an Electrical-Breakdown-Triggered Negative Photoconductivity Effect in the Ubiquitous Transparent Hafnia (2019)

A transparent visible-light sensor may sound like an oxymoron. Indeed, this scenario is often deemed challenging in conventional photosensitive semiconducting materials due to the complementary relationship between absorbance (which determines photosensitivity) and transmittance (which determines transparency). Past studies have relied on photoinduced ionization of vacancy defect states within a wide-band-gap oxide to modulate the flow of current or charge storage in specific device structures such as nanorods, hetero oxide junctions, or thin-film transistors. Here, we demonstrate visible-light-sensing and optical memory functions in a thin, optically transparent wide-band-gap oxide such as the ubiquitous hafnium dioxide, following a soft electrical breakdown. The physical mechanism is distinguished by a persistent current decrease that spans several orders of magnitude, indicating that the breakdown oxide is restored by the visible light. Physical characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the first-principles simulation study based on the density functional theory provide a strong support for the proposed light-assisted recombination of electrically induced Frenkel-pair defects as the underlying mechanism for the observed negative photoconductance response and optical memory effect. By harnessing this alternative mechanism, this work demonstrates a different approach of overcoming the traditional barrier in realizing both transparency and on-demand visible-light sensing with optical memory functions all in a single device.
Factors Associated With Retained Foreign Bodies Following Major Operations (2021)

The development of novel mitigation strategies may reduce the incidence of RFB in high-risk populations, such as those undergoing gastrointestinal, thoracic, and multi-cavity operations.
Novel supercritical CO 2 /organic Rankine cycle systems for solid-waste incineration energy harvesting: Thermo-environmental analysis (2021)

Waste-to-energy is considered as an effective way to simultaneously digest the municipal waste and generate useful power. Steam Rankine cycle is conventionally adopted for solid-waste incineration energy harvesting. To further improve the energy conversion efficiency, cascade systems consisting of a supercritical CO2 cycle and an organic Rankine cycle were proposed, where both the subcritical and transcritical organic Rankine cycle systems using R1233zd(E) as the working fluid were considered. Thermodynamic and the environmental analysis were evaluated comprehensively, with a follow-up comparison with the state-of-the-art technologies. The results show that compared with the original waste-to-energy plant, the turbine output (2.55 × 107 W) and waste-to-energy efficiency (42.61%) of the supercritical CO2 cycle/subcritical organic Rankine cycle power plant are increased by 9.50 × 106 W and 59.41%, respectively. If changing to the supercritical CO2 cycle/transcritical organic Rankine cycle system, the improvement will be greater, i.e., 10.19 × 106 W and 63.71% respectively. The comparison with the state-of-the-art power plants also shows the new waste-to-energy plant has higher efficiency and better environmental performance. The ecological efficiency and sustainability index of supercritical CO2 cycle/subcritical organic Rankine cycle system power plant are 88.82% and 1.54, while 89.14% and 1.57 with the supercritical CO2 cycle/transcritical organic Rankine cycle system. The proposed cascade system demonstrated its potential in performance improvement in the field of waste-to-energy incineration. The study provides insights into the next-generation power plants for solid-waste disposal.
Electron Spin Resonance Absorption Spectra of Some Organic Free Radicals (1957)

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Interleukin 4 retards dissemination of a human B-cell lymphoma in severe combined immunodeficient mice. (1995)

We have examined the antitumor activity of murine interleukin 4 (IL-4) on development of a human B-cell lymphoma (Daudi) in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The progression of Daudi cells in SCID mice was followed by histological staining and by flow cytometric analysis of CD20+ cells in spleen, liver, bone marrow, and kidneys. By day 35, CD20+ Daudi cells populate the majority of space in the bone marrow and kidney in vehicle-treated mice. Mice receiving i.p. injections of IL-4, commencing 7 or 14 days after tumor inoculation, exhibit a reduction in tumor burden as well as a decrease in CD20+ cells in both compartments. The antitumor activity of IL-4 does not appear to be due to an antiproliferative effect, since the cytokine does not alter the growth of Daudi cells in vitro, nor does it correlate with any marked cellular infiltrate in tumor-bearing tissues. In 51Cr-release assays, we observed that splenocytes from IL-4-treated mice were capable of lysing YAC-1 but not Daudi cell targets. Our findings demonstrate that: (a) systemic administration of IL-4 retards dissemination of a human B-cell lymphoma in SCID mice; and (b) antitumor activity elicited by IL-4 may not involve a direct effect on proliferation of Daudi cells or on the induction of cytolytic activity.
Fabrication of hydroxyapatite film on Ti–29%Nb–13%Ta–4.6%Zr using a MOCVD technique (2011)

A hydroxyapatite (HAp) film was fabricated on the surface of Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6Zr (TNTZ) using a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique, and the mechanical biocompatibility and HAp formability of HAp-coated TNTZ were evaluated and discussed in this study. HAp film is fabricated on the surface of TNTZ by controlling the heating temperature of the source bis-dipivaloylmethanatocalcium ((Ca(dpm)2) and (C6H5O)3PO). An α-phase precipitates in the TNTZ matrix after heating the substrate, and the mechanical properties and Young's modulus of HAp-coated TNTZ are improved. HAp-coated TNTZ maintains excellent mechanical biocompatibility. The formability of HAp on HAp-coated TNTZ in Hank's balanced salt solution is better than that of HAp on non-coated TNTZ.