gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ribonucleoside metabolism by mouse oocytes: Metabolic cooperativity between the fully grown oocyte and cumulus cells (1980)

Ribonucleoside uptake and metabolism were studied in mouse oocytes arrested at dictyate and metaphase II, with or without attached cumulus cells. Uptake of uridine and guanosine decreased after meiotic maturation, whereas that of adenosine and cytidine remained unaltered. Dictyate oocytes free of cumulus cells (denuded) phosphorylated all of the radiolabeled ribonucleosides. Little radiolabeled ribonucleoside-5'-triphosphate was found. This is in contrast to the early mouse embryo, which rapidly converts ribonucleosides to the 5'-triphosphate (Daentl and Epstein, "71; Clegg and Piko, "77). Following meiotic maturation, the major metabolite present when metaphase II oocytes were cultured with cytidine or uridine was the ribonucleoside, whereas the 5'-monophosphate was still the major species for oocyte cultured with guanosine or adenosine. Ribonucleoside uptake was increased and the distribution of phosphorylated metabolites was different for cumulus-enclosed dictyate oocytes compared to their denuded counterparts. This increase in uptake and alteration in metabolite distribution was not observed for cumulus-enclosed metaphase II oocytes. These results are discussed in terms of gap junction-mediated metabolic cooperatively between the cumulus cells and the fully grown oocyte and the possible role this type of cell-to-cell interaction may serve during oocyte growth.
ChemInform Abstract: Hierarchised Luminescent Organic Architectures: Design, Synthesis, Self‐Assembly, Self‐Oranisation and Functions (2012)

Abstract Review: 215 refs.
The First Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Diphenylzinc Additions to Aldehydes:  Synthesis of Chiral Diarylcarbinols by Asymmetric Catalysis (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThe First Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Diphenylzinc Additions to Aldehydes: Synthesis of Chiral Diarylcarbinols by Asymmetric CatalysisWei-Sheng Huang and Lin PuView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 12, 4222–4223Publication Date (Web):May 15, 1999Publication History Received5 March 1999Published online15 May 1999Published inissue 1 June 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo990402thttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo990402trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views992Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Aldehydes,Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
License Plate Character Recognition Using Block-Binary-Pixel-Sum Features (2013)

Since license plate character recognition plays a very important role in vehicle control, such as electronic toll collection (ETC) for highways and management for parking lots, the cost of management can be reduced and the implementing efficiency can be promoted by automatizing license plate character recognition. As the technology of image processing, classifiers, and computational speed on computer advances, we adopt Sobel operators to detect the boundaries of objects in order to extract license plate regions. After extracting license plate regions, we segment corresponding characters and then standardize these characters in order to find out the features of characters, and finally use the classifiers of support vector machine (SVM) and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) to train and then recognize characters. Experimental results show that classifiers and features are closely linked, and KNN is more appropriate for block-binary-pixelsum features than SVM, and its recognition rate is up to 98.51 % on average.
Bosonic Gaussian states from conformal field theory (2018)

We study nonchiral wave functions for systems with continuous spins obtained from the conformal field theory (CFT) of a free, massless boson. In contrast to the case of discrete spins, these can be treated as bosonic Gaussian states, which allows us to efficiently compute correlations and entanglement properties both in one (1D) and in two spatial dimensions (2D). In 1D, the computed entanglement entropy and spectra are in agreement with the underlying CFT. Furthermore, we construct a 1D parent Hamiltonian with a low-energy spectrum corresponding to that of a free, massless boson. In 2D, we find edge excitations in the entanglement spectrum, although the states do not have intrinsic topological order, as revealed by a determination of the topological entanglement entropy.
A SLOPING BOUNDARY CONDITION FOR EFFICIENT PE CALCULATIONS IN RANGE–DEPENDENT ACOUSTIC MEDIA (1996)

The traditional one-way parabolic equation (PE) formulation for range-dependent layered acoustic media is modified to include effects associated with the boundary conditions along a sloping interface. Essentially, the boundary condition for continuity of the normal displacement along a sloping interface is cast in an approximate form which does not depend on range but does contain terms up to second order in the derivatives with respect to depth. The new sloping-boundary condition is then applied along an "equivalent" horizontal interface within each range-independent step of the PE. Numerical results obtained for standard test cases indicate that the sloping-boundary condition, incorporated into a one-way PE, maintains the efficiency yet improves the accuracy of forward predictions.
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) EVALUATIONS COMBINED IN THE STUDY OF SENILE DEMENTIA OF THE ALZHEIMERʼS TYPE (1983)

XII Symposium Neuroradiologicum: October 10–16, 1982: Washington, D.C., U.S.A: Selected Abstracts in the Area of Reconstructed Imaging: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT): PDF Only
Electronics for a safe direct current stimulator (2017)

Commercially available neuroprostheses, while successful and effective, are limited in their functionality by their reliance on pulsatile stimulation. Direct current (DC) has been shown to have great potential for the purposes of neuromodulation; however, direct current cannot be applied directly to neurons due to the charge injection thresholds of electrodes. We are developing a Safe Direct Current Stimulator (SDCS) that applies ionic direct current (iDC) without inducing toxic electrochemical reactions. The current design of the SDCS uses a series of eight valves in conjunction with four electrodes to rectify ionic current in microfluidic channels. This paper outlines the design, implementation, and testing of the electronics of the SDCS. These electronics will ultimately be interfaced with a separate microfluidic circuit in the device prototype. Testing the outputs of the electronics confirmed adherence to its design requirements. The completion of the SDCS electronics enables the further development of iDC as a mechanism for neuromodulation.
A 60 GHz Folded Switching Stage Down-Conversion Mixer with 21 dB Conversion Gain in 22 nm FDSOI Technology (2021)

The design and characterization of a millimeter wave single balanced down conversion mixer implemented in a 22 nm fully depleted silicon on insulator technology is presented. The circuit is based on a novel folded topology employing an nFET based cascode transconductance stage and pFET based switching stage with LC biasing. The circuit also features a backgate based output offset voltage correction. Characterization results show that the RF and LO signal ports are matched to better than 10 dB return loss in a frequency band from 55 GHz to 64 GHz. A peak voltage conversion gain of 21 dB is obtained with an LO power of −3 dBm. The circuit consumes 5.25 mW power from a 1 V power supply and occupies an area of 0.675 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including pads. To the knowledge of the authors, the mixer has one of the best conversion gain to DC power ratio among 60 GHz CMOS mixers reported in literature.
Plasma-derived serum from hypertensive rats differentially increases growth of cultured arteriolar smooth muscle (1994)

A role for humoral factors in the arterial hypertrophy accompanying hypertension has been suggested, but direct evidence is lacking. We measured [3H]thymidine incorporation of growth-arrested smooth muscle cells, cultured from renal preglomerular arterioles of normal rats and exposed for 12 h to 10% platelet-poor plasma-derived serum (PDS) from male rats with early, benign, one-kidney, one-clip hypertension and paired one-kidney normotensive control rats. In the presence of low background concentrations (1-2%) of fetal calf serum, PDS from hypertensive rats increased [3H]thymidine incorporation up to 117% more than PDS from normotensive rats (P < 0.0001). Results were similar for the < 10,000 mol wt fraction of PDS and for PDS from rats drinking saline vs. water or eating a 7% (high) vs. a 0.45% NaCl diet. PDS from hypertensive rats also differentially increased smooth muscle cell proliferation and c-fos mRNA expression. Platelet-derived growth factor levels in PDS were undetectable (< 0.17 ng/ml). This study provides evidence for altered concentrations of sodium chloride-unresponsive plasma factor or factors in hypertension that result in enhanced growth of arteriolar smooth muscle cells.
A Single-Well Tracer Test to Estimate Wettability (1992)

ABSTRACT A single-well backflow tracer test to estimate reservoir wettability has been developed. This test consists of the injection of first brine containing tracers and then oil containing tracers. The tracers used are esters, similar to those used in the measurement of residual oil saturation, and nonreactive aqueous and oleic tracers for material balance control. The esters hydrolyze during a shut-in time and then the well is produced. The tracer production data, water cuts, and bottomhole pressures are all sensitive to wettability-dependent properties. -The most important by far is relative permeability, but capillary pressure and mixing behavior (dispersion and capacitance) are also important In the absence of fluid drift, reservoir properties such as permeability and porosity have little influence in the test results. From the results of the test, the preferential reservoir wettability may be directly inferred. By matching the test data using a compositional reservoir simulator, these properties can be estimated and used to infer wettability- or simply used direcdy in subsequent simulations of the reservoir performance. We illustrate this process using a chemical flooding simulator.1-5 This is a reservoir simulator that includes the usual features of a finite-difference simulator in terms of reservoir description, plus compositional and chemical features needed for this application such as kinetics, partitioning, dispersion, and capacitance. Special care has been taken to ensure numerical accuracy. The CPU time on a CRAY Y-MP required for each simulation was: 10 seconds for a ID-radial (31 blocks), 3 minutes for a 2D-areal (609 blocks), and 9 minutes for a 3D (1827 blocks) simulation, so many cases can be affordably studied.
Protective effects of cyclodextrin sulphates against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat (1993)

The effects of cyclodextrin sulphates on the development of rat renal dysfunction induced with gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, were studied. Daily subcutaneous injection of gentamicin (100 mg kg-1, 14 days) developed nephrotoxicity in the rat as assessed by an increase in serum urea nitrogen and histopathological changes in the renal cortex. When cyclodextrin sulphates were given intraperitoneally at 300 mg kg-1 at 6 h intervals after gentamicin administration, they protected the rat against the drug-induced renal impairment, while the parent cyclodextrins were ineffective. Since post-administration of cyclodextrin sulphates did not reduce the total amount of gentamicin accumulated in the kidney, the protection may occur through interference with intracellular events leading from the drug accumulation to nephrotoxicity. These results suggest that cyclodextrin sulphates are particularly effective in preventing renal failure associated with aminoglycoside treatment.
Inorganic Glue Enabling High Performance of Silicon Particles as Lithium Ion Battery Anode (2011)

Silicon, as an alloy-type anode material, has recently attracted lots of attention because of its highest known Li(+) storage capacity (4200 mAh/g). But lithium insertion into and extraction from silicon are accompanied by a huge volume change, up to 300%, which induces a strong strain on silicon and causes pulverization and rapid capacity fading due to the loss of the electrical contact between part of silicon and current collector. Silicon nanostructures such as nanowires and nanotubes can overcome the pulverization problem, however these nano-engineered silicon anodes usually involve very expensive processes and have difficulty being applied in commercial lithium ion batteries. In this study, we report a novel method using amorphous silicon as inorganic glue replacing conventional polymer binder. This inorganic glue method can solve the loss of contact issue in conventional silicon particle anode and enables successful cycling of various sizes of silicon particles, both nano-particles and micron particles. With a limited capacity of 800 mAh/g, relatively large silicon micron-particles can be stably cycled over 200 cycles. The very cheap production of these silicon particle anodes makes our method promising and competitive in lithium ion battery industry. (C) 2011 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3560030] All rights reserved.
Development of a re-brazeable containment system for special nuclear material storage and transport (1995)

This report describes a novel means of closing and sealing small type B radioactive material transport packages for surface or air transport as governed by 10CFR71 or NUREG-0360 has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). This method is a controlled brazing process that may be used to attach and seal a closure lid to a containment vessel and then remove it at a later time. The process may be performed multiple times without the need for special preparations of the braze joint. A number of advantages for utilization of this technique have been determined. A brazed seal has integrity at high temperatures for better protection in accident or abnormal environments. A properly designed joint has essentially the same strength as the parent metal. A closure that is brazed, therefore, will no longer be the anticipated point of failure for a broad range of accident environments. This technique will allow the containment vessel design to be optimized with a lighter, more uniform wall thickness throughout. Finally, with a well defined process for sealing, mechanical inspection, leak testing, and then reopening at a later time, automation of the process is relatively straightforward and the overall system should be as easy to use as one that utilizes elastomeric seals for containment.
Unraveling Mechanism on Reducing Thermal Hysteresis Width of VO2 by Ti Doping: A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study (2014)

Tailoring effectively the hysteresis loop width of VO2 semiconductor-metal transition (SMT) is crucial to develop thermal sensor devices. The Ti-doping is known as the most effective method to reduce ΔTc and has been considered as the prototypical model in understanding the mechanism by which the ΔTc of VO2 MST could be manipulated. Here we present a joint experimental and first-principles computational study on nondoped and Ti-doped VO2 to clarify the mechanism of Ti-doping on narrowing the hysteresis loop width of VO2. On the basis of the analyses of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), we found that phase transition temperatures in the cooling circle increase faster than those in the heating circle with increasing Ti concentrations, exhibiting a hysteresis width reduction at 2 °C per Ti at. %. First-principles calculations reveal that dopant Ti atoms break the octahedral symmetry of local structure in VO2 (R) phase. This distortion is propagated in anisotropy and exhibits an obvious nonlocal effect. In contrast, the Ti-doping-induced structural change in VO2 (M) phase is only constrained in Ti-involved chain along the a-axis. The calculated energy profiles for TixV1–xO2 phase transition shows that structural stability and activation energies increased with the increase of Ti concentration. The activation barriers in Ti-doped VO2 (R) phases are increased more remarkably than that in Ti-doped VO2 (M) phases, which is consistent with experimental observation of concentration-dependent reduction of thermal hysteresis width.
CL-SLAM (2016)

Modern applications are increasingly being composed from multiple components that require and consume services at different layers of the cloud stack. The diverse, dynamic and unpredictable nature of both cloud services and application workloads makes quality-assured provision of such cloud service-based applications (CSBAs) a major challenge. While elasticity and autoscaling gives CSBA providers the ability to scale cloud resources on-demand, they require a comprehensive, system-wide view of the application performance in order to make timely, cost-effective and performance-efficient scaling decisions. In this paper, we propose, develop and validate CL-SLAM - a Cross-Layer SLA Monitoring Framework for CSBAs. Its main features include (a) realtime, fine-grained visibility into CSBA performance, (b) visual descriptive analytics to identify correlations and inter-dependencies between cross-layer performance metrics, (c) temporal profiling of CSBA performance, (d) proactive monitoring, detection and root-cause analysis of SLA violation, and (e) support for both reactive and proactive adaptation in support of quality-assured CSBA provision. We validate our approach through a prototype implementation.
Analysis of DRAM-based Network of DRAM Swap Space Adopting Latency Hiding Technique (2022)

AI and big data applications with large memory footprints are rapidly increasing. The memory footprint of applications may exceed the main memory, and accordingly, the need for high-speed processing of large data is increasing. This paper proposes a method to utilize a DRAM-based Network of DRAM (NoD) as a swap space. The Swap transfers data in units of 4KB pages, and conventionally, disks use 512 or 4096 bytes as a minimum data access unit. However, by utilizing DRAM's byte-addressability characteristic and latency hiding technique, necessary data can be read from the swap space in 64 bytes. For NoD architecture verification, a full system experiment environment is built using gem5 and DRAMsim3 simulators. For applications with frequent swap operations (XSBench, HPCG, and Ibm), the proposed technique achieves an average performance improvement of 12.3%.
Temporal Trends in Early Clinical Manifestations of Perinatal HIV Infection in a Population-Based Cohort (2005)

This population-based cohort demonstrated decreased early HIV progression and improved survival at age 3 years, associated with more advanced therapy. Although limited by small sample size, the findings suggest that very early treatment, even without triple ART, was associated with improved outcome.
Eukaryote-to-eukaryote gene transfer events revealed by the genome sequence of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae EC1118 (2009)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for millennia in winemaking, but little is known about the selective forces acting on the wine yeast genome. We sequenced the complete genome of the diploid commercial wine yeast EC1118, resulting in an assembly of 31 scaffolds covering 97% of the S288c reference genome. The wine yeast differed strikingly from the other S. cerevisiae isolates in possessing 3 unique large regions, 2 of which were subtelomeric, the other being inserted within an EC1118 chromosome. These regions encompass 34 genes involved in key wine fermentation functions. Phylogeny and synteny analyses showed that 1 of these regions originated from a species closely related to the Saccharomyces genus, whereas the 2 other regions were of non-Saccharomyces origin. We identified Zygosaccharomyces bailii, a major contaminant of wine fermentations, as the donor species for 1 of these 2 regions. Although natural hybridization between Saccharomyces strains has been described, this report provides evidence that gene transfer may occur between Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species. We show that the regions identified are frequent and differentially distributed among S. cerevisiae clades, being found almost exclusively in wine strains, suggesting acquisition through recent transfer events. Overall, these data show that the wine yeast genome is subject to constant remodeling through the contribution of exogenous genes. Our results suggest that these processes are favored by ecologic proximity and are involved in the molecular adaptation of wine yeasts to conditions of high sugar, low nitrogen, and high ethanol concentrations.
Exploiting multicycle false paths in the performance optimization of sequential logic circuits (1995)

This paper addresses the performance optimization problem for sequential logic circuits. It is shown how the notion of false paths, traditionally defined for combinational logic circuits, can be extended to the sequential context by considering the operation of the circuit over multiple clock-cycles. These multicycle false paths can be removed from the circuit using techniques similar to those proposed for combinational logic circuits. This observation offers new techniques to improve the performance of sequential logic circuits. An implementation of an algorithm that uses these ideas shows significant performance improvement on some typical benchmark circuits at a modest area overhead.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Articulatory properties of /s/ in selected consonant clusters (1979)

The objective of the study was to delineate articulatory characteristics of /s/ production in selected consonant clusters. The /s/ consonant was embedded in meaningful /s/C1/æ/C2 words (C1 = /p, m, t, n, 1/, C2 = /t, k/) in a sentence. They were presented randomly. Information on linguapalatal contact, lip and mandible positions, and speech spectra was obtained simultaneously every 10 ms from three normal adult speakers of English. Analysis of these data revealed (1) unique medial /s/ grooves were formed in most instances, (2) for all the clusters, the minimum /s/ groove was first established near the onset of stable /s/ frication noise, (3) the groove width in the consonant was similar to that for the prestressed, prevocalic /s/ despite substantially reduced /s/ frication duration for the consonant cluster, (4) tongue occlusions for the alveolar consonants /t, n, l/ appeared anterior to the minimum /s/ groove. The results indicate precise medial groove formation during /s/ production with some interesting kinematic properties. [Work supported by NIH grant NS-11852-04.]