gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collagen Osteoid-Like Model Allows Kinetic Gene Expression Studies of Non-Collagenous Proteins in Relation with Mineral Development to Understand Bone Biomineralization (2013)

Among persisting questions on bone calcification, a major one is the link between protein expression and mineral deposition. A cell culture system is here proposed opening new integrative studies on biomineralization, improving our knowledge on the role played by non-collagenous proteins in bone. This experimental in vitro model consisted in human primary osteoblasts cultured for 60 days at the surface of a 3D collagen scaffold mimicking an osteoid matrix. Various techniques were used to analyze the results at the cellular and molecular level (adhesion and viability tests, histology and electron microscopy, RT- and qPCR) and to characterize the mineral phase (histological staining, EDX, ATG, SAED and RMN). On long term cultures human bone cells seeded on the osteoid-like matrix displayed a clear osteoblast phenotype as revealed by the osteoblast-like morphology, expression of specific protein such as alkaline phosphatase and expression of eight genes classically considered as osteoblast markers, including BGLAP, COL1A1, and BMP2. Von Kossa and alizarine red allowed us to identify divalent calcium ions at the surface of the matrix, EDX revealed the correct Ca/P ratio, and SAED showed the apatite crystal diffraction pattern. In addition RMN led to the conclusion that contaminant phases were absent and that the hydration state of the mineral was similar to fresh bone. A temporal correlation was established between quantified gene expression of DMP1 and IBSP, and the presence of hydroxyapatite, confirming the contribution of these proteins to the mineralization process. In parallel a difference was observed in the expression pattern of SPP1 and BGLAP, which questioned their attributed role in the literature. The present model opens new experimental possibilities to study spatio-temporal relations between bone cells, dense collagen scaffolds, NCPs and hydroxyapatite mineral deposition. It also emphasizes the importance of high collagen density environment in bone cell physiology.
Maximum RPM (1997)

From the Publisher:
The complete reference for the RPM software package that is the heart of the Red Hat Linux distribution. Designed for both the novice and advanced users, Maximum RPM enables anyone to take full advantage of the benefits of building software packages with the Red Hat Package management tools to ensure that they install simply and accurately each and every time.
The most requested topic for a book from Linux users, according to Red Hat software s research
Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) enables administators to effectively manage the roll out of consistent software and upgrades to users
Written by the creators of the software for all levels of users (software developers, computer science students, and Linux system administrators)
High-Efficiency Nitride-Based Light-Emitting Diodes with Moth-Eye Structure (2005)

Nitride-based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a moth-eye structure on the back of a 6H–SiC substrate have been developed. The moth-eye LED has a roughness less than the optical wavelength at the back surface of the SiC substrate fabricated by reactive ion etching (RIE) with CF 4 gas. The light extraction efficiency and corresponding output power have been increased to 3.8 times those of a LED with a conventional structure. The experimental findings agree with the results of a theoretical analysis of the effect of the moth-eye structure.
The timing and treatment of tail biting in fattening pigs (2011)

The victims of TB have a reduced growth potential.&#13;\nIn addition, victims of TB have reduced growth rate.&#13;\nThe victims are likely to suffer more frequently from other health disordes than pigs with non-bitten tails.&#13;\nTail biting was often preceded by leg disorders and followed by reduced appetite, which may be associated with reduced growth rate of victims of tail biting.&#13;\nThe costs of TB were particularly heavy when medication was needed and when the fattening of the victims could not be continued as planned.&#13;\nAs TB behaves like an epidemic, immediate response to tail biting is important to prevent further cases and economic damage.
Interactive biomedical segmentation tool powered by deep learning and ImJoy (2021)

<ns4:p>Deep learning-based methods play an increasingly important role in bioimage analysis. User-friendly tools are crucial for increasing the adoption of deep learning models and efforts have been made to support them in existing image analysis platforms. Due to hardware and software complexities, many of them have been struggling to support re-training and fine-tuning of models which is essential to avoid overfitting and hallucination issues when working with limited training data. Meanwhile, interactive machine learning provides an efficient way to train models on limited training data. It works by gradually adding new annotations by correcting the model predictions while the model is training in the background. In this work, we developed an ImJoy plugin for interactive training and an annotation tool for image segmentation. With a small example dataset obtained from the Human Protein Atlas, we demonstrate that CellPose-based segmentation models can be trained interactively from scratch within 10-40 minutes, which is at least 6x faster than the conventional annotation workflow and less labor intensive. We envision that the developed tool can make deep learning segmentation methods incrementally adoptable for new users and be used in a wide range of applications for biomedical image segmentation.</ns4:p>
A Semiclosed Recirculating-Water System for High-Density Culture of Rainbow Trout (1996)

Abstract Water recirculating systems for fish culture are potentially desirable for conserving water and reducing heating requirements, maximizing production of fish under water and space limitations, minimizing effluent problems, and maintaining better control over environmental factors. A semiclosed recirculating-water system for intensive culture of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is described. The system used self-cleaning, rectangular, cross-flow rearing tanks (water volume, 9 m3 each), multistage oxygenators, microscreen filters, and a sidestreamed, fluidized-bed biological filter. Rainbow trout were reared under continuous culture conditions, with periodic stocking and periodic selective harvesting. Makeup water entered at 47.3 L/min, producing a newwater turnover time of 9.2 h. Steady-state and maximum fish biomass densities and loading rates were estimated to be 66.0 and 74.6 kg/m3 and 2.50 and 2.83 kg·L–1·min–1, respectively. Steady-state gross productivity was estimated to be 6,257 kg/year (120 kg/week). Overall food conversion (feed fed/fish weight gained) was 1.33. The system performed satisfactorily and provided data for refining future designs. Subsequent modifications of equipment and operating procedures may have made the system economically viable under some pricing scenarios.
HLA–DR4 subtypes in new zealand polynesians. predominance of dw13 in the healthy population and association of dw15 with rheumatoid arthritis (1993)

The predominance of the Dw13 subtype in Polynesians may explain in part the low prevalence of RA in this population. The association of Dw15 with RA in Polynesians supports the hypothesis that the third hypervariable region of DR beta determines susceptibility to RA.
A novel electromagnetic accelerometer (1994)

A novel micro-accelerometer based on electromagnetic field induction has been fabricated from Si <100> wafers using silicon micro machining techniques. For this design, measurements of acceleration ranging from 0-50 g have been experimentally demonstrated. The physical structure and a brief description of the fabrication process is given. The actual size of the device is 4.2/spl times/4.2 mm, its amplified output voltage varies linearly from 0-9 V with the rate of 0.175 V/g and the power consumption is less than 2.5 mW. Due to the simple structure a batch processing with on chip signal conditioning circuitry is possible. The required electronic circuitry compared to the capacitive accelerometers is much simpler.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antenatal diagnosis of velamentous umbilical cord insertion and vasa previa with color Doppler imaging (1998)

We could consistently identify cord insertion and velamentous cord insertion with color Doppler imaging during routine sonography in the mid-trimester. Transvaginal color Doppler imaging and serial scans were needed to identify vasa previa.
2316 Pneumatic soft actuators using fiber reinforced rubber (2006)

A Pneumatic soft actuator with high curve angles and high generating force has been developed for applications to driving of micro-robots. It is made of the fiber reinforced rubber, and the curve angle is easily possible by controlling the pneumatic pressures to supply. A prototype, only 16mm in diameter and 100mm in length, generated a curve angle of 93 degree at a generating force of 4N.
Neisseria meningitidisSerogroup W‐135 Carriage among US Travelers to the 2001 Hajj (2004)

In 2000, a large international outbreak of meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 was identified among pilgrims returning from the Hajj in Saudi Arabia. To assess ongoing risk, we evaluated N. meningitidis carriage among US travelers to the 2001 Hajj. Of 25 N. meningitidis isolates obtained, 15 (60%) were nongroupable and 8 (32%) were serogroup W-135 when tested by standard slide-agglutination techniques. Two additional nongroupable isolates were characterized as serogroup W-135 when tested by polymerase chain reaction. Nine of 10 serogroup W-135 isolates were indistinguishable from the Hajj-2000 clone. None of the departing, but 9 (1.3%) of the returning, pilgrims carried serogroup W-135 (P=.01); all carriers reported previous vaccination. Carriage of N. meningitidis serogroup W-135 increased significantly in pilgrims returning from the Hajj. Although the risk of disease to pilgrims appears to be low, the risk of spread to others of this pathogenic strain remains a concern.
Dynamics of chiral liquid crystals under applied shear (2013)

We simulate the alignment dynamics of cholesteric (chiral) rod-like liquid crystals by using a Landau-de Gennes (LdG) expression for microstructure evolution in response to flow. This study is motivated by recent advances in novel cholesteric nanorod dispersions. Prior work on the modelling of cholesterics has suffered from the restriction of helicity to only a single direction, often with a pre-imposed pitch, due to numerical difficulties. This has severely limited cholesteric modelling in regard to both accuracy and experimental relevance. Our simulations avoid this limitation. Relevant forces on rods include solvent-rod drag, nematic alignment, microstructure elasticity and chiral twist. Phase diagrams are developed to demonstrate the response of these systems to variations in chiral and flow forces. Our results indicate that for low shear rates, chiral and elastic forces prevent the rods from moving in response to flow. At high shear rates, the rods tumble and form unique transient structures (combinations of tumbling and cholesteric phases) as flow forces and chiral forces compete. Even if slight alignment is induced at the boundaries, the phase diagram substantially changes, chiefly by constraining the possible chiral phases. This work has immediate relevance to applications which exploit the optical properties of films solidified from cholesteric dispersions.
Femoropopliteal Bypass Grafting for Intermittent Claudication (1980)

From 1965 to 1979, 43 consecutive patients underwent 51 femoropopliteal reconstructions to relieve disabling claudication. This represented 17% of 298 femoropopliteal and femorotibial reconstructions performed by the same surgical team during this period of time. All patients operated on for claudication experienced relief of symptoms after surgery. There was no operative mortality and there was only one case of immediate graft failure. Cumulative graft patency was 93% at two years and 88% at five years by life table analysis. One patient who underwent below-knee amputation 12 years after his initial femoropopliteal graft was the only patient who lost a limb at any time during the follow-up period. On the basis of this experience, we now offer femoropopliteal grafting to any active individual who is disabled by intermittent claudication on the basis of superficial femoral artery occlusive disease.
Silicon-micromachined gas chromatography system used to separate and detect ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. II. Evaluation, analysis, and theoretical modeling of the gas chromatography system (1994)

A miniature gas chromatography (GC) system was designed and developed using silicon micromachining and integrated circuit (IC) processing techniques. The MMGC system can separate parts-per-million (ppm) ammonia and nitrogen dioxide concentrations in less than 30 minutes when isothermally operated (80/spl deg/C) at 40 psi. The heat of adsorption of nitrogen dioxide (0.38 eV) on a CuPc thin film (0.2 /spl mu/m thick) was also independently established. As a result of the MMGC system's performance evaluation, several of the assumptions invoked in the initial design were re-investigated, and a refined technique for optimizing the MMGC system's operation and performance was developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tunable DC-60 GHz RF Generation Utilizing a Dual-Loop Optoelectronic Oscillator Based on Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (2015)

A dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is experimentally demonstrated. Two lasers are utilized to realize the tunability of the OEO. One acts as the signal laser, the other is employed as the pump laser. By directly tuning the wavelength of the pump laser, a widely tunable range from dc to 60 GHz for the RF signal generation can be obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest fundamental frequency tunable range which has ever been achieved by an OEO. With dual-loop fiber lengths of 2 and 4 km, the single sideband (SSB) phase noise is measured to be -100 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset when the oscillation frequency is chosen as 5, 10, or 20 GHz. The side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is 35 dB when the oscillation frequency is 10 GHz. The stability of both frequency and power of the proposed OEO is improved with the dual-loop configuration when compared with the singleloop one. The Allan variances of the frequency fluctuation at 1-s average are 1.2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> and 4.9 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-11</sup> for the single-loop and dual-loop configurations, respectively. Furthermore, a phase noise model based on control theory to evaluate the SSB phase noise performance of the dual-loop OEO based on SBS is detailed for the first time. The experimental phase noise results agree well with the proposed phase noise model at an offset frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 MHz. Among different phase noise tests, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise induced by SBS is shown theoretically and experimentally to be the dominant source for the phase noise beyond 100-kHz frequency offset in the proposed OEO.
Surface area and thermal stability effect of the MgO supported catalysts for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (2008)

Surface area (SA) of the oxide support was found to play a major role on the morphology, quality of the single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) growth. Fe–Co bimetal was supported onto MgO powders with different surface areas, and used for the SWNTs synthesis from the pyrolysis of CH4 through radio frequency catalytic chemical vapor deposition (RF-CCVD). The high surface area MgO showed specificity towards the growth of SWNTs even at the very high metal loadings of 17.4%. As the MgO surface areas decreased, the agglomeration of the active metal species on the support, nanotubes with wider diameter distributions and more graphitic walls were obtained. This surface area effect suggested that the high surface area networks were responsible for a more effective confinement of the active metal nanoparticles that impeded their migration during the SWNTs thermal growth process. Therefore, by adjusting the surface area or chemical morphology of the catalyst systems, SWNTs with narrower diameter distribution and specific chiralities can be grown.
Multiplex real-time RT-PCR method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by targeting viral N2, RdRP and human RP genes (2021)

Abstract Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic has brought the world to a standstill and threatened human lives. Many methods are known to date to detect this virus. Due to their relative accuracy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays are the most frequently applied and considered the gold standard. However, some of these assays have the disadvantages of taking time to show the result and might produce false-negative and false-positive ones. Therefore, designing rapid and accurate PCR-based testing assay is of paramount importance for early detection of this virus and for more efficient control of the spread of this disease. We, here, describe a fast, reliable, easy-to- use, and high-throughput multiplex SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR detection method. The assay was designed to detect two viral genes ( N2 and RdRP ) and a human gene ( RP ) simultaneously. The performance and the accuracy of the assay was tested in 28 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples and compared with commercial kits, which showed 100% positive percent agreement with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 1.25 copies/µL or 5 copies/reaction. The current assay is found accurate, reliable, simple, sensitive, and specific. It can be used as an optimized SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic assay in hospitals, medical centers, and diagnostic laboratories as well as for research purposes.
Coordinated Global and Regional Climate Modeling* (2015)

Abstract A new approach of coordinated global and regional climate modeling is presented. It is applied to the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis Regional Climate Model (CanRCM4) and its parent global climate model CanESM2. CanRCM4 was developed specifically to downscale climate predictions and climate projections made by its parent global model. The close association of a regional climate model (RCM) with a parent global climate model (GCM) offers novel avenues of model development and application that are not typically available to independent regional climate modeling centers. For example, when CanRCM4 is driven by its parent model, driving information for all of its prognostic variables is available (including aerosols and chemical species), significantly improving the quality of their simulation. Additionally, CanRCM4 can be driven by its parent model for all downscaling applications by employing a spectral nudging procedure in CanESM2 designed to constrain its evolution to follow any large-scale driving data. Coordination offers benefit to the development of physical parameterizations and provides an objective means to evaluate the scalability of such parameterizations across a range of spatial resolutions. Finally, coordinating regional and global modeling efforts helps to highlight the importance of assessing RCMs’ value added relative to their driving global models. As a first step in this direction, a framework for identifying appreciable differences in RCM versus GCM climate change results is proposed and applied to CanRCM4 and CanESM2.
Effect of RG 12525, a new leukotriene antagonist, on pulmonary function of asthmatic adults. (1994)

RG 12525 is a new oral leukotriene D4 (LTD4) antagonist with proven activity in animal and human models of leukotriene-induced bronchoconstriction. In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study the bronchodilator effects of single oral doses of RG 12525 of 25 and 200 mg or placebo were evaluated in 62 adult asthmatic patients. All patients had previously demonstrated 20% reversibility of FEV1 with an inhaled beta-agonist. They had an unmedicated FEV1 less than 80% of predicted value at the time of the study. Bronchodilator activity was assessed by spirometry before and at multiple time points after dosing for eight hours. A single 200-mg dose of RG 12525 of mg resulted in statistically significantly greater increases in mean maximum change above baseline for FEV1 and FEF25-75% than placebo. The peak effect was observed four to five hours after dosing. The RG 12525 dose of 25 mg dose induced better bronchodilation than placebo but the differences were not significant. Adverse clinical experiences or laboratory abnormalities were not noted.
12 ps GaAs double heterostructure step recovery diode (1992)

A P+-i-N+ double heterostructure step recovery diode (DHSRD) is fabricated on Al0.3Gao0.7As/AlxGa1-xAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As with &gt;14 V amplitude and a (10–90%) transition time of ≤ 12 ps at a forward bias of 40 mA. This is the fastest transition time reported for a step recovery diode. The fast transition is due to the linearly graded bandgap AlxGa1-xAs undoped charge storage layer with grading from x = 0–0.15. The linear grading provides an electric field which confines the injected holes closer to the P+ exit region and also provides a drift field to accelerate hole removal during the reverse recovery process.
Thermal imaging of high power ultrashort pulse laser ablation of alumina towards temperature optimized micro machining strategies (2021)

Abstract The application of pulsed laser systems with pulse durations in the pico- and femtosecond regime for material processing is commonly associated with a cold ablation. Due to the minimized interaction-time between the ultrashort laser pulses and the material, this statement is almost valid as long as no heat accumulation effect appears. With the increasing demand of high productivity processes, the average power of ultrashort pulsed laser systems increases above 100 W, which leads, however, to increased thermal effects during laser processing. This is especially important for laser processing of technical ceramics like alumina. Large temperatures gradients, which locally occur during laser processing using high average power could lead to thermal modifications and cracks in the material. In this study, we present a process-optimization method for high power laser ablation of alumina based on thermal imaging. The use of a 2D IR camera enables the estimation of the temperature distribution during the laser processing. We investigate the influence of laser power up to 80 W, pulse duration between 900 fs and 10 ps and processing duration on the resulting material temperature. Beside the material temperature we evaluate the material removal rate and the resulting surface quality.
Mobile NMR for geophysical analysis and materials testing (2009)

由很好记载 NMR 开始了，便携式的 NMR 仪器在材料测试，进程分析和控制为许多新奇应用程序正在被开发，它为地球物理的调查提供新机会。小直径的圆柱的传感器能探查短距离进细长线的记载的洞的墙，并且站在一起单人赛的传感器启用大目标的非破坏性的测试。两个传感器被小敏感的卷描绘。在他们的中心提供样品的塑造桶的磁铁由于更大的敏感的卷有更高的敏感，但是能提供仅仅象练习核心一样的样品，它装入尺寸到磁铁讨厌的人的直径。磁铁的两种类型能被按比例缩小到咖啡大杯的尺寸到达超小型汽车 NMR 设备。便携式的 NMR 磁铁在与地球物理有关的应用程序的上下文被考察。