gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein in human breast cancer: a comparison of immunohistochemical and western blot techniques. (1993)

Three hundred and one primary breast cancers from patients with tumor infiltrated lymph nodes were analyzed for the presence of HER-2/neu oncoprotein by two procedures: Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Overexpression of this protein was found by WB in 16.6% of the tumors, and by IHC in 16.3%. Concordance between the two methods was found in 95% of tumors (286/301). In 7 cases we found HER-2/neu by IHC but not by WB, while the opposite was found in the remaining 8 patients. This discrepancy was found mainly in samples with HER-2/neu values just above the cut points and were therefore close to the sensitivity limits of the procedures used here. This study helps to define the parameters that should be considered to evaluate the immunostaining for HER-2/neu as positive (i.e., membrane staining, IHC score of 2 or more). The results obtained by both techniques were correlated with several currently used prognostic factors. Higher HER-2/neu protein expression was found in tumors lacking estrogen or progesterone receptors, in tumors with high S-phase fraction and in patients with more than 3 positive lymph nodes. In contrast, no relationship was found between overexpression of this protein and tumor size, ploidy, or age of the patient. Patients with elevated HER-2/neu expression showed a significantly worse overall survival by both methods, IHC (p = 0.05) and WB (p = 0.001). In conclusion, there is very high agreement between IHC and WB when measuring expression of HER-2/neu and both techniques showed prognostic significance.
Isolation of New Cyclohexyl Epoxide from the Fruits of Piper attenuatum (2014)

New cyclohexyl epoxide and crotepoxide were isolated from the fruits of Piper attenuatum. The structure of the new metabolite was characterized as (2-benzoyl-1, 6-epoxy-3, 4, 5,-trihydroxy cyclohexyl) methanol benzoate along with crotepoxide using spectroscopic techniques. Keywords: Isolation, Piper attenuatum, extraction, crotepoxide, cyclohexane epoxide, characterization, chromatography, stereochemistry.
Crystal structure of the Golgi casein kinase (2013)

The family with sequence similarity 20 (Fam20) kinases phosphorylate extracellular substrates and play important roles in biomineralization. Fam20C is the Golgi casein kinase that phosphorylates secretory pathway proteins within Ser-x-Glu/pSer motifs. Mutations in Fam20C cause Raine syndrome, an osteosclerotic bone dysplasia. Here we report the crystal structure of the Fam20C ortholog from Caenorhabditis elegans. The nucleotide-free and Mn/ADP-bound structures unveil an atypical protein kinase-like fold and highlight residues critical for activity. The position of the regulatory αC helix and the lack of an activation loop indicate an architecture primed for efficient catalysis. Furthermore, several distinct elements, including the presence of disulfide bonds, suggest that the Fam20 family diverged early in the evolution of the protein kinase superfamily. Our results reinforce the structural diversity of protein kinases and have important implications for patients with disorders of biomineralization.
MicroRNA Expression in Induced Sputum of Smokers and Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2010)

let-7c is significantly reduced in the sputum of currently smoking patients with COPD and is associated with increased expression of TNFR-II.
Electrode-Ligand Interactions Dramatically Enhance CO2 Conversion to CO by the [Ni(cyclam)](PF6)2 Catalyst (2017)

Dramatic enhancement of electrochemical CO2 conversion to CO, catalyzed by [Ni(cyclam)](PF6)2 is observed on mercury/gold electrodes. We find that Hg provides favorable noncovalent dispersive interactions with the cyclam ligand. As a result, the Hg surface destabilizes the poisoned CO-bound form of the catalyst, leading to enhanced reaction kinetics. These findings are particularly relevant to the design of ligands that improve the electrocatalytic performance of transition-metal complexes on interaction with metallic surfaces under cell operating conditions.
Body dysmorphic disorder: some key issues for DSM-V (2010)

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a distressing or impairing preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance, has been described for more than a century and increasingly studied over the past several decades. This article provides a focused review of issues pertaining to BDD that are relevant to DSM-V. The review presents a number of options and preliminary recommendations to be considered for DSM-V: (1) Criterion A may benefit from some rewording, without changing its focus or meaning; (2) There are both advantages and disadvantages to adding a new criterion to reflect compulsive BDD behaviors; this possible addition requires further consideration; (3) A clinical significance criterion seems necessary for BDD to differentiate it from normal appearance concerns; (4) BDD and eating disorders have some overlapping features and need to be differentiated; some minor changes to DSM-IV's criterion C are suggested; (5) BDD should not be broadened to include body integrity identity disorder (apotemnophilia) or olfactory reference syndrome; (6) There is no compelling evidence for including diagnostic features or subtypes that are specific to gender-related, age-related, or cultural manifestations of BDD; (7) Adding muscle dysmorphia as a specifier may have clinical utility; and (8) The ICD-10 criteria for hypochondriacal disorder are not suitable for BDD, and there is no empirical evidence that BDD and hypochondriasis are the same disorder. The issue of how BDD's delusional variant should be classified in DSM-V is briefly discussed and will be addressed more extensively in a separate article.
Alveolar Epithelial Cells Following Exposure to Nitric Acid (1971)

This study has demonstrated the fine structure of the type 1 and 2 alveolar epithelial cells at different time periods after intrabronchial instillation of dilute (1%) nitric acid. The damaged type 2 cells were partially or largely covered by cytoplasmic extensions of adjacent type 1 cells. This covering is considered to be a mechanism by which the alveolar epithelium maintains an intact surface. Alveolar epithelial cells having the morphologic characteristics suggesting transition from type 1 membranous pneumonocytes to type 2 granular pneumonocytes were seen. These intermediate type alveolar epithelial cells have large nuclei and microvilli but lacked lamellar bodies. This demonstrates a possible source of origin for the physiologically important type 2 cells. Occasional phagocytosis of carbon particles by type 2 cells was observed.
Knowledge creation, diffusion, and use in innovation networks and knowledge clusters : a comparative systems approach across the United States, Europe, and Asia (2006)

INTRODUCTION & CHAPTER SUMMARIES Meaning and Implications from a Knowledge System Perspective by Elias G. Caryannis and David F. J. Campbell Productive Reasearch Teams and Knowledge Generation by Frank T, Anbari and Stuart A. Umpley Re-Thinking Science: Mode 2 in Societal Context by Helga Nowotny, Peter Scott and Micheal Gibbons Knowledge Production: Competence Development and Innovation--Between Invention and Routine by Wolfgang H. Guttel Knowledge ProductionTrends in the United States, European Union and Japan by David F. Campbell Innovation in Clusters and the Liability of Foreignness of International R&D by Max von Zedtwitz and Philip Heimann Transatlantic Innovation Infrastructure Networks: Public-Private, EU-US R&D Partnerships by Elias G. Carayannis and Patrice Laget Measuring Science-Technology Interaction in the Knowledge-Driven Economy by Martin S. Meyer The Different Dynamics of the Biotechnology and ICT Sectors in Finland by Christopher Palmberg and Terttu Luukkonen The Transformatiom of the German System of Innovation: The Case of Biotechnology by Edgar Grande and Robert Kaiser Competence Centers in Germany: How Can Policy Makers Support the Improved Diffusion of Knowledge? by Susanne Buhrer Cooperations and Networking as Side Effect of the German Delphi '98 by Kerstin Cuhls Certification and Knowledge Management: An Approach Applied to the Space Transport Industry by Frederic Fontane, Patrice Houdayer and Franck Vasseur Innovation Policy in the Knowledge-Based Economy: The Israeli Case Guy by Ben-Ari Using National Innovation Systems to Enhance S&T Policy: A Knowledge-Based Approach with Examples from Japan by Mark Hewitt Virtualization of Research Universities: Raising the Right Questions to Address Key Functions of the Institution by Thomas Pfeffer Conclusion: Key Insights and Lessons Learned for Policy and Practice INDEX About the Editors and Contributors
Extended-cavity operation of rare-earth-doped glass waveguide lasers (1991)

Channel waveguides fabricated in Nd-doped glass were used as gain elements for extended-cavity lasers. End-fire pumping was performed with a Ti:sapphire laser operating at 807 nm. The 4-nm FWHM output spectrum was centered near 1057 nm. Slope efficiencies were typically 4-11%, with thresholds near 20 mW. Active mode locking and Q switching were separately performed; mode-locked pulse widths were roughly 80 ps FWHM. Q-switched peak power was 1.2 W. The cw output narrowed to 7 GHz and tuned over a range of 24 nm when a grating provided feedback; single-frequency operation resulted when a high-reflectivity étalon was added.
Patterns of Genomic Differentiation between Ecologically Differentiated M and S Forms of Anopheles gambiae in West and Central Africa (2012)

Anopheles gambiae M and S are thought to be undergoing ecological speciation by adapting to different larval habitats. Toward an improved understanding of the genetic determinants and evolutionary processes shaping their divergence, we used a 400,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array to characterize patterns of genomic differentiation between four geographically paired M and S population samples from West and Central Africa. In keeping with recent studies based on more limited genomic or geographic sampling, divergence was not confined to a few isolated "speciation islands." Divergence was both widespread across the genome and heterogeneous. Moreover, we find consistent patterns of genomic divergence across sampling sites and mutually exclusive clustering of M and S populations using genetic distances based on all 400,000 SNPs, implying that M and S are evolving collectively across the study area. Nevertheless, the clustering of local M and S populations using genetic distances based on SNPs from genomic regions of low differentiation is consistent with recent gene flow and introgression. To account for these data and reconcile apparent paradoxes in reported patterns of M-S genomic divergence and hybridization, we propose that extrinsic ecologically based postmating barriers vary in strength as environmental conditions fluctuate or change.
Prediction of out-of-field recurrence after chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer using a combination model of clinical parameters and magnetic resonance imaging radiomics: a multi-institutional study of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group (2021)

We retrospectively assessed whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics combined with clinical parameters can improve the predictability of out-of-field recurrence (OFR) of cervical cancer after chemoradiotherapy. The data set was collected from 204 patients with stage IIB (FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2008) cervical cancer who underwent chemoradiotherapy at 14 Japanese institutes. Of these, 180 patients were finally included for analysis. OFR-free survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the statistical significance of clinicopathological parameters for the OFR-free survival was evaluated using the log-rank test and Cox proportional-hazards model. Prediction of OFR from the analysis of diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and T2-weighted images of pretreatment MRI was done using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model for engineering image feature extraction. The accuracy of prediction was evaluated by 5-fold cross-validation of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Para-aortic lymph node metastasis (p = 0.003) was a significant prognostic factor in univariate and multivariate analyses. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.709 in predicting OFR using the pretreatment status of para-aortic lymph node metastasis, 0.667 using the LASSO model for DWIs and 0.602 using T2 weighted images. The AUC improved to 0.734 upon combining the pretreatment status of para-aortic lymph node metastasis with that from the LASSO model for DWIs. Combining MRI radiomics with clinical parameters improved the accuracy of predicting OFR after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.
Modulation of multidrug resistance by three bisbenzyl-isoquinolines in comparison with verapamil. (1997)

MDR was modulated by Cyc, Insr, and Insn, due to the increase of intracellular Dox accumulation.
Development of Truck Engine Technologies for Use with Fischer-Tropsch Fuels (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process can be used to synthesize diesel fuels from a variety of energy sources, including coal, natural gas and biomass. Diesel fuels produced from the FT process are essentially sulfur-free, have very low aromatic content, and have excellent ignition characteristics. Because of these favorable attributes, FT diesel fuels may offer environmental benefits over transportation fuels derived from crude oil.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Previous tests have shown that FT diesel fuel can be used in unmodified engines and have been shown to lower regulated emissions. Whereas exhaust emissions reductions from these previous studies have been impressive, this paper demonstrates that far greater exhaust emissions reductions are possible if the diesel engine is optimized to exploit the properties of the FT fuels.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A Power Stroke 7.3 liter turbocharged diesel engine has been modified for use with FT diesel. The combustion system was revised, an active DeNOx catalyst system and diesel particulate filter (DPF) were employed, and a design of experiments approach was used to explore possible strategies to greatly reduce NOx and particulate emissions.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Fuel properties, baseline engine test results, and optimized engine test results are presented. The optimized engine reduced NOx emissions by over 90%, while maintaining diesel-like thermal efficiency. This research highlights possible approaches for meeting federal Tier 2 and 2007 heavy-duty on-highway emissions standards.&lt;/div&gt;
Preparation of Non-Reducing-End Substituted p-Nitrophenyl α-Maltopentaoside (FG5P) as a Substrate for a Coupled Enzymatic Assay for α-Amylases (1985)

p-Nitrophenyl O-6-deoxy-6-[(2-pyridyl)amino]-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D - glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, FG5P, was prepared, taking advantage of the action of Bacillus macerans cyclodextrin glucanotransferase on a mixture of O-6-deoxy-6-[(2-pyridyl)-amino]-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha- D- glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----4)-D-glucose and p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside. The maltopentaose derivative is resistant to alpha-glucosidase and is suitable as a substrate for the alpha-amylase assay coupled with alpha-glucosidase in which the activity of alpha-amylase is determined by measuring the amount of p-nitrophenol liberated by alpha-glucosidase from p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside and p-nitrophenyl alpha-maltoside produced by the action of alpha-amylase. This alpha-amylase assay method was applied for determination of alpha-amylases in human serum.
Retrieving attributes using web tables (2011)

In this paper we propose an attribute retrieval approach which extracts and ranks attributes from Web tables. We combine simple heuristics to filter out improbable attributes and we rank attributes based on frequencies and a table match score. Ranking is reinforced with external evidence from Web search, DBPedia and Wikipedia. Our approach can be applied to whatever instance (e.g. Canada) to retrieve its attributes (capital, GDP). It is shown it has a much higher recall than DBPedia and Wikipedia and that it works better than lexico-syntactic rules for the same purpose.
Evaluation ofSaccharomyces pastorianusimpact to Sauvignon blanc chemical & sensory profile compared to different strains ofS. cerevisiae/bayanus (2019)

Enhancing flavors and/or improving fermentation parameters through the use of different species of yeast strains is nowadays a frequent challenge in winemaking research, especially for aromatic varieties such as Sauvignon Blanc. In this work, the aim was to focus on the impact of a species not already studied in wine: Saccharomyces pastorianus . Twenty-two fermentations were conducted on a Sauvignon Blanc must by addition of different strains and mixtures of them by using two different inoculation temperatures. The must was inoculated in cold condition with two similar mixtures of S. pastorianus 1 or 2 (70%) and S. bayanus (30%), with S. pastorianus 1 or 2 alone, with the correspondent S. bayanus alone and with two other S. cerevisiae 1 and 2 alone as well. For classic condition, the must was inoculated with only one mixture S. pastorianus 1 (70%) / S. bayanus (30%), and respectively with S. pastorianus 1, S. bayanus and S. cerevisiae 2 alone. Samples were taken all along the fermentations for both conditions in order to check chemical and microbial analyses as well as yeast implantations. The final wines were analysed for alcohol, glucose, fructose, all other classical wine analysis as well as for acetate esters, and higher alcohols. The results underlined that for both S. pastorianus 1 and S. pastorianus 2 strains, the production of acetic acid was zero in cold condition and really low (0.09 g/l) for classic condition regarding S. pastorianus 1. As a consequence, Saccharomyces pastorianus seems to be highly interesting for winemaking, alone or in co-inoculation with S. bayanus.
Model design of information security governance assessment with collaborative integration of COBIT 5 and ITIL (case study: INTRAC) (2014)

Management of information without regard to risk the achievement of enterprise goals can have an impact on organizational performance, financial loss or organization's credibility. The risk control for the negative effects and utilization of chance in achieving enterprise goals is called information security. Information security are generally solved by partial and limited. It also happens to INTRAC that apply only management area of information security by adopting ISO/IEC 27001:2009 and ISO/IEC 27002:2005. This study aims to develop process assessment model that support the implementation of information security governance on an organization. The method used in this study is qualitative method. Based on the validation by expert judgment, information security governance model has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of information security, particularly in the INTRAC.
Dynamic MRI Reveals Soft-Tissue Compression Causing Progressive Myelopathy in Postlaminectomy Patients (2013)

Stamm, Sarah PA-C; McClellan, John W. III MD; Knierim, Annie MD; Suiter, Ian P.; Riew, K. Daniel MD Author Information
EEG-based diagnostics of the auditory system using cochlear implant electrodes as sensors (2020)

Abstract The cochlear implant is one of the most successful medical prostheses, allowing deaf and severely hearing-impaired persons to hear again by electrically stimulating the auditory nerve. A trained audiologist adjusts the stimulation settings for good speech understanding, known as “fitting” the implant. This process is based on subjective feedback from the user, making it time-consuming and challenging, especially in paediatric or communication-impaired populations. Furthermore, fittings only happen during infrequent sessions at a clinic, and therefore cannot take into account variable factors that affect the user’s hearing, such as physiological changes and different listening environments. Objective audiometry, in which brain responses evoked by auditory stimulation are collected and analysed, removes the need for active patient participation. However, recording of brain responses still requires expensive equipment that is cumbersome to use. An elegant solution is to record the neural signals using the implant itself. We demonstrate for the first time the recording of continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from the implanted intracochlear electrode array in human subjects, using auditory evoked potentials originating from different brain regions. Furthermore, we show that the response morphologies and amplitudes depend crucially on the recording electrode configuration. The integration of an EEG system into cochlear implants paves the way towards chronic neuro-monitoring of hearing-impaired patients in their everyday environment, and neuro-steered hearing prostheses, which can autonomously adjust their output based on neural feedback.
A Small and High-Performance Coprocessor for Fingerprint Match-on-Card (2012)

In this paper we put forward a high-performance biometric fingerprint authentication algorithm for Match-On-Card (MOC) applications, compatible with the INCITS 378 and ISO/IEC 19794 standard. An efficient hardware implementation is proposed to adapt the algorithm for constrained embedded systems as smart cards. Time and memory complexities are reduced such that both integration and real time matching-on card can be met. The proposed architecture drops the required memory to 0.05% w.r.t. initial complexity, without any performance degradation. Therefore, the proposed solution is sufficient to meet the high level of security and the low computation time required in demanding authentication systems (e.g airports, electronic commerce and banking transactions).
Microbial Translocation and Inflammation Occur in Hyperacute Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Compromise Host Control of Virus Replication (2016)

Within the first three weeks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, virus replication peaks in peripheral blood. Despite the critical, causal role of virus replication in determining transmissibility and kinetics of progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), there is limited understanding of the conditions required to transform the small localized transmitted founder virus population into a large and heterogeneous systemic infection. Here we show that during the hyperacute "pre-peak" phase of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in macaques, high levels of microbial DNA transiently translocate into peripheral blood. This, heretofore unappreciated, hyperacute-phase microbial translocation was accompanied by sustained reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific antibody titer, intestinal permeability, increased abundance of CD4+CCR5+ T cell targets of virus replication, and T cell activation. To test whether increasing gastrointestinal permeability to cause microbial translocation would amplify viremia, we treated two SIV-infected macaque 'elite controllers' with a short-course of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-stimulating a transient increase in microbial translocation and a prolonged recrudescent viremia. Altogether, our data implicates translocating microbes as amplifiers of immunodeficiency virus replication that effectively undermine the host's capacity to contain infection.