gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alterations of Tension-dependent ATP Utilization in a Transgenic Rat Model of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2006)

Although it is established that familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is caused by mutations in several sarcomeric proteins, including cardiac troponin T (TnT), its pathogenesis is still not completely understood. Previously, we established a transgenic rat model of FHC expressing a human TnT molecule with a truncation mutation (DEL-TnT). This study investigated whether contractile dysfunction and electrical vulnerability observed in DEL-TnT rats might be due to alterations of intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis, myofibrillar Ca(2+) sensitivity, and/or myofibrillar ATP utilization. Simultaneous measurements of the force of contraction and intracellular Ca(2+) transients were performed in right ventricular trabeculae of DEL-TnT hearts at 0.25 and 1.0 Hz. Rats expressing wild-type human TnT as well as nontransgenic rats served as controls. In addition, calcium-dependent ATPase activity and tension development were investigated in skinned cardiac muscle fibers. Force of contraction was significantly decreased in DEL-TnT compared with nontransgenic rats and TnT. Time parameters of Ca(2+) transients were unchanged at 0.25 Hz but prolonged at 1.0 Hz in DEL-TnT. The amplitude of the fura-2 transient was similar in all groups investigated, whereas diastolic and systolic fura-2 ratios were found elevated in rats expressing nontruncated human troponin T. In DEL-TnT rats, myofibrillar Ca(2+)-dependent tension development as well as Ca(2+) sensitivity of tension were significantly decreased, whereas tension-dependent ATP consumption ("tension cost") was markedly increased. Thus, a C-terminal truncation of the cardiac TnT molecule impairs the force-generating capacity of the cycling cross-bridges resulting in increased tension-dependent ATP utilization. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis of energy compromise as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of FHC.
Network Intrusion Detection for IoT Security Based on Learning Techniques (2019)

Pervasive growth of Internet of Things (IoT) is visible across the globe. The 2016 Dyn cyberattack exposed the critical fault-lines among smart networks. Security of IoT has become a critical concern. The danger exposed by infested Internet-connected Things not only affects the security of IoT but also threatens the complete Internet eco-system which can possibly exploit the vulnerable Things (smart devices) deployed as botnets. Mirai malware compromised the video surveillance devices and paralyzed Internet via distributed denial of service attacks. In the recent past, security attack vectors have evolved bothways, in terms of complexity and diversity. Hence, to identify and prevent or detect novel attacks, it is important to analyze techniques in IoT context. This survey classifies the IoT security threats and challenges for IoT networks by evaluating existing defense techniques. Our main focus is on network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs); hence, this paper reviews existing NIDS implementation tools and datasets as well as free and open-source network sniffing software. Then, it surveys, analyzes, and compares state-of-the-art NIDS proposals in the IoT context in terms of architecture, detection methodologies, validation strategies, treated threats, and algorithm deployments. The review deals with both traditional and machine learning (ML) NIDS techniques and discusses future directions. In this survey, our focus is on IoT NIDS deployed via ML since learning algorithms have a good success rate in security and privacy. The survey provides a comprehensive review of NIDSs deploying different aspects of learning techniques for IoT, unlike other top surveys targeting the traditional systems. We believe that, this paper will be useful for academia and industry research, first, to identify IoT threats and challenges, second, to implement their own NIDS and finally to propose new smart techniques in IoT context considering IoT limitations. Moreover, the survey will enable security individuals differentiate IoT NIDS from traditional ones.
Cathodically electrodepositable novel coating system from castor oil (1992)

Abstract A novel polyol synthesised from castor oil by aminolysis and a partially blocked toluene–diisocyanate blocked with N , N ′‐diethyl lactamide was used to prepare an urethane. This was used in different weight proportions to modify epoxy amine adduct to give binders suitable for cathodic electrodeposition. The pigmented composition of these binders based on the iron oxide (natural) and titanium dioxide (rutile) gave coatings with improved performance.
Photoassisted Electrochemical Deposition of Copper from a Bathocuproin Complex (2003)

It was found that electrochemical deposition of copper from a [Cu(2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)2]+ ([Cu(bcp)2]+) complex can be induced by photoirradiation at a certain cathode potential. It can be used for photopatterning of copper and controlling electrodeposition of copper in microelectronics applications. The mechanism of the photoassisted electrochemical deposition is suggested to be due to the reduced stability of the photoexcited complex.
Repetitively pulsed discharges in air and water vapor (2013)

International audience
Single-Conformation Ultraviolet and Infrared Spectroscopy of Model Synthetic Foldamers:  β-Peptides Ac-β3-hPhe-β3-hAla-NHMe and Ac-β3-hAla-β3-hPhe-NHMe (2008)

The conformational preferences and infrared and ultraviolet spectral signatures of two model beta-peptides, Ac-beta3-hPhe-beta3-hAla-NHMe (1) and Ac-beta3-hAla-beta3-hPhe-NHMe (2), have been explored under jet-cooled, isolated-molecule conditions. The mass-resolved, resonant two-photon ionization spectra of the two molecules were recorded in the region of the S0-S1 origin of the phenyl substituents (37,200-37,800 cm(-1)). UV-UV hole-burning spectroscopy was used to determine the ultraviolet spectral signatures of five conformational isomers of both 1 and 2. Transitions due to two conformers (labeled A and B) dominate the R2PI spectra of each molecule, while the other three are minor conformers (C-E) with transitions a factor of 3-5 smaller. Resonant ion-dip infrared spectroscopy was used to obtain single-conformation infrared spectra in the 3300-3700 cm(-1) region. The infrared spectra showed patterns of NH stretch transitions characteristic of the number and type of intramolecular H-bonds present in the beta-peptide backbone. For comparison with experiment, full optimizations of low-lying minima of both molecules were carried out at DFT B3LYP/6-31+G*, followed by single point MP2/6-31+G* and selected MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations at the DFT optimized geometries. Calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies and infrared intensities for the amide NH stretch vibrations were used to determine the beta-peptide backbone structures for nine of the ten observed conformers. Conformers 1B, 1D, and 2A were assigned to double ring structures containing two C6 H-bonded rings (C6a/C6a), conformers 1A and 2B are C10 single H-bonded rings, conformers 1C and 2D are double ring structures composed of two C8 H-bonded rings (C8/C8), and conformers 1E and 2E are double ring/double acceptor structures in which two NH groups H-bond to the same C=O group, thereby weakening both H-bonds. Both 1E and 2E are tentatively assigned to C6/C8 double ring/double acceptor structures, although C8/C12 structures cannot be ruled out unequivocally. Finally, no firm conformational assignment has been made for conformer 2C whose unusual infrared spectrum contains one very strong H-bond with NH stretch frequency at 3309 cm(-1), a second H-bonded NH stretch fundamental of more typical value (3399 cm(-1)), and a third fundamental at 3440 cm(-1), below that typical of a branched-chain free NH. The single conformation spectra provide characteristic wavenumber ranges for the amide NH stretch fundamentals ascribed to C6 (3378-3415 cm(-1)), C8 (3339-3369 cm(-1)), and C10 (3381-3390 cm(-1)) H-bonded rings.
Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Novel Dihydroartemisinin-Coumarin Hybrids via Click Chemistry (2016)

In order to develop novel chemotherapeutic agents with potent anticancer activities, we designed four series of novel compounds employing hybridization strategy. Twenty novel dihydroartemisinin-coumarin hybrids, 10a-e, 11a-e, 12a-e, 13a-e, were synthesized via click chemistry in this study and their structures were characterized by HRMS and NMR. The cytotoxic activities were measured by MTT assay against three cancer cell lines (HCT-116, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29) under normoxic or anoxic conditions, respectively. The target compounds exhibited moderate activity with IC50 values in the 0.05-125.40 μM range, and these compounds exhibited better activity against HT-29 cell line under anoxic condition. The cytotoxic activities of most compounds under anoxic condition displayed one- to 10-fold greater activity than under normoxic condition. Compounds 10a-e showed better selectivity against the HT-29 cell line than the other two cell lines. These results indicated that our design of CA IX inhibitors does correspond with its action mode to some degree and deserves further investigation.
Investigation on optical and physico-chemical properties of LPCVD SiOxNy thin films (2014)

International audience
RADIOACTIVE LIQUID WASTE REDUCTION AT THE IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY (1999)

The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Radioactive Liquid Waste Reduction (RLWR) group, located at the Idaho Nuclear Technology Engineering Center (INTEC), continues to evaluate and demonstrate new waste minimization and decontamination techniques. Increased concern about secondary waste associated with traditional methods has caused INTEC to discontinue using old “reliable” methods. The RLWR group has been implementing various novel techniques for waste minimization. These newer techniques have application to most other DOE sites, especially for D&D projects. Several new methods have been demonstrated recently. A portable carbon dioxide (CO 2) blaster was evaluated and purchased for use at the INTEC. Protective removable and non-removable coatings are being used to prevent and even to decontaminate some items. PENTEK 604 is a decontamination coating that has been very successful, and is also self-removing. Several novel chemical methods, including some “off the shelf” methods were evaluated and demonstrated on INTEC projects. Novel abrasives and blasting nozzles have been evaluated for use. Two new scabbling projects were completed with good results. An INTEC laboratory is currently using waste minimizing absorbent and solidification methods introduced by the RLWR group. In addition to the reports on development and demonstration, some insight is given into the process of gaining operator acceptance for the new technologies. This is an area that is often forgotten in the development process. Unless the new tools are accepted into the workplace, they will show no benefit. Strategies for implementation, along with successful and unsuccessful examples are discussed.
Electrode Optimization for High Performance Li-Ion Cells (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Modern chemistry of aromatic heterocycles : their synthesis & bio-synthesis and their role in life (2015)

All books of heterocyclic chemistry - with only perhaps one recent book - describe only synthesized heterocycles but ignore dealing with those made by nature. This book provides a balanced, concise and informative account in the way life started and why nature selected to synthesize heterocycles, not only as a source of energy but also as reagents that affect a multitude of biological transformations. The text provides an up-to-date survey of the various types of heterocycles and describes their synthesis via classical tools as well as biosynthesis. This text also focuses on the application of heterocycles in the chemical industry as dyes, pigments, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and catalysis. A brief chapter to apply the principles of green chemistry in the area of biologically relevant heterocycles are described. This book provides a unique overview of the subjects and is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students in organic chemistry as well as pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry.
Propulsion Instruments for Small Hall Thruster Integration (2001)

Planning and development are underway for the propulsion instrumentation necessary for the next AFRL electric propulsion flight project, which includes both a small Hall thruster and a micro-PPT. These instruments characterize the environment induced by the thruster and the associated data constitute part of a 'user's manual' for these thrusters. Several instruments probe the back-flow region of the thruster plume, and the data are intended for comparison with detailed numerical models in this region. Specifically, an ion probe is under development to determine the energy and species distributions, and a Langmuir probe will be employed to characterize the electron density and temperature. Other instruments directly measure the effects of thruster operation on spacecraft thermal control surfaces, optical surfaces, and solar arrays. Specifically, radiometric, photometric, and solar-cell-based sensors are under development. Prototype test data for most sensors should be available, together with details of the instrumentation subsystem and spacecraft interface.
Identification of 2-(4-Benzyloxyphenyl)-N- [1-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]acetamide, an Orally Efficacious Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 Antagonist for the Treatment of Obesity (2005)

Optimization of a high-throughput screening hit against melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHr1) led to the discovery of 2-(4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-N-[1-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]acetamide (7a). This compound was found to be a high-affinity ligand for MCHr1 and a potent inhibitor of MCH-mediated Ca(2+) release, showed good plasma and CNS exposure upon oral dosing in diet-induced obese mice, and is the first reported MCHr1 antagonist that is efficacious upon oral dosing in a chronic model of weight loss.
Acoustics of the flute (1968)

IN THE LONG HISTORY of scientific investigation of musical instruments the flute has been given particular attention, primarily because of its apparent simplicity. Yet many of the physical factors that determine its behavior have not been well documented. In my experiments I have tried to look at some of these factors quantitatively, concentrating on a comparison of the passive resonance and blown frequencies of the flute, on the details of the blowing mechanism at the mouth hole, and on the energy conversion and losses of the instrument when it is regarded as an oscillator with a resonant circuit and nonlinear feedback. It turns out that the momentum and arrival time of waves on the blowing jet determine the loudness and pitch of the sounded note. Details of the flutist's empirically learned technique can be explained in these terms.
Design of an Innovative Cylindrical Spring with a Negative Stiffness (2018)

Interest in the dielectric electroactive polymer is growing in the medical field because of the large similarity with the biological muscles. With the objective to create an artificial pump based on DEAP, this paper presents the concept of an innovative spring with a negative stiffness and radial displacement. It was demonstrated that coupling a spring with such characteristic and the DEAP allows to improve the performance of DEAP actuators. The final design is close to a stent with monostable beams instead of current bistable one. The complete spring is composed of several modules which include one beam and one rigid support. The radial displacement is induced by the tangential compression of each beams and the equations of deformations demonstrates that the radial displacement is increased if the number of modules is higher than 6. In the design procedure, relevant choices have allowed to reduce computation time of the FE simulation. The different equations are validated through FEM results and less than 1.5% of error is obtained. The proposed spring is finally coupled with a tubular dielectric electroactive polymer membrane in order to create a cylindrical actuator. The radial displacement is around 3 mm. The result has been validated through FEM and an error of 6.8% is obtained.
Neurotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors: impact and clinical management (2000)

Between 10%-28% of patients who receive the immunosuppressant cyclosporine (CsA) experience some form of neurotoxic adverse event. Both sensorial motoric functions may be adversely affected, and thus patients present with a wide range of neurological and psychiatrical disorders. Mild symptoms are common and include tremor, neuralgia, and peripheral neuropathy. Severe symptoms affect up to 5 % of patients and include psychoses, hallucinations, blindness, seizures, cerebellar ataxia, motoric weakness, or leukoencephalopathy. Tacrolimus is associated with similar neurotoxic adverse events. Neurotoxicity may result in serious complications for some patients, particularly recipients of orthotopic liver transplants. Factors that may promote the development of serious complications include advanced liver failure, hypertension, hypocholesterolemia, elevated CsA or tacrolimus blood levels, hypomagnesemia, and methylprednisolone. Occipital white matter appears to be uniquely susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of CsA; injury to both the major and minor vasculature may cause hypoperfusion or ischemia and local secondary toxicity in the white matter. Calcineurin inhibition by CsA and tacrolimus alters sympathetic outflow, which may play a role in the mediation of neurotoxic and hypertensive adverse events. The symptoms of CsA- and tacrolimus-associated neurotoxicity may be reversed in most patients by substantially reducing the dosage of immunosuppressant or discontinuing these drugs. However, some patients have experienced permanent or even fatal neurological damage even after dose reduction or discontinuation. CsA-sparing and tacroli-mus-sparing drug regimens that use the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil, which has no neurotoxic effects, may reduce the incidence and severity of neurotoxic adverse events while maintaining an adequate level of immunoisuppression.
Coherence-gated wavefront sensing for microscopy using fringe analysis (2012)

We have implemented a coherence-gated wavefront sensor on a two-photon excitation microscope. We used the backscattered near-infrared light from the sample to interfere with an optically flat reference beam. By applying a known waverfront tilt in the reference beam, a fringe pattern emerged on the camera. The deformmation of the wavefront due to the turbid media under study warps the fring pattern, similar to frequency modulation. Through Fourier transform analysis of the modulated fringe pattern we were able to determine the wave fornt aberrations induced by synthetic and biological samples. By defocussing the microscope objective and measuring the wavefront deformation we established that the errors are reproduceible to within &lambda;/227 for the defocus mode.
Structured Compressive Sensing-Based Spatio-Temporal Joint Channel Estimation for FDD Massive MIMO (2015)

Massive MIMO is a promising technique for future 5G communications due to its high spectrum and energy efficiency. To realize its potential performance gain, accurate channel estimation is essential. However, due to massive number of antennas at the base station (BS), the pilot overhead required by conventional channel estimation schemes will be unaffordable, especially for frequency division duplex (FDD) massive MIMO. To overcome this problem, we propose a structured compressive sensing (SCS)-based spatio-temporal joint channel estimation scheme to reduce the required pilot overhead, whereby the spatio-temporal common sparsity of delay-domain MIMO channels is leveraged. Particularly, we first propose the nonorthogonal pilots at the BS under the framework of CS theory to reduce the required pilot overhead. Then, an adaptive structured subspace pursuit (ASSP) algorithm at the user is proposed to jointly estimate channels associated with multiple OFDM symbols from the limited number of pilots, whereby the spatio-temporal common sparsity of MIMO channels is exploited to improve the channel estimation accuracy. Moreover, by exploiting the temporal channel correlation, we propose a space-time adaptive pilot scheme to further reduce the pilot overhead. Additionally, we discuss the proposed channel estimation scheme in multicell scenario. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately estimate channels with the reduced pilot overhead, and it is capable of approaching the optimal oracle least squares estimator.
Vertebral compression model and comparison of augmentation agents (2011)

The third-generation osteoporotic sawbones model simulates in vitro physiological specimen function. It was effective for comparing which osteoconductive agents may provide adequate strength while minimizing potential adjacent level fracture. Increased stiffness was seen with PMMA compared with the unaugmented control as well as with calcium phosphate or calcium sulfate cements suggesting that these may reduce adjacent segment fractures.
Gene Deletion of the Kinin Receptor B1 Attenuates Cardiac Inflammation and Fibrosis During the Development of Experimental Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (2009)

These findings suggest that the B1 receptor is detrimental in diabetic cardiomyopathy in that it mediates inflammatory and fibrotic processes. These insights might have useful implications on future studies utilizing B1 receptor antagonists for treatment of human diabetic cardiomyopathy.
A Method of Recommending Buy Points Based on Price Patterns (2007)

Even though much research has been performed to recommend favorite items to the buyers in the internet shopping mall, to the best of our knowledge. it is hard to find previous research on the recommendation of buy points. In this paper, we propose a method which can be used to recommend buy points of an item to the buyers. To do this, a database containing normalized price patterns is constructed from the archive of past prices. Then, the future price pattern is retrieved from the database based on the similarity. Here, regression analysis is used to find and analyze the elements that affect the price. We also present performance results showing that the proposed method can be useful for shopping malls.
Photochemical Sandmeyer‐type Halogenation of Arenediazonium Salts (2021)

Trihalide salts were found to efficiently promote photochemical dediazotizing halogenations of diazonium salts. In contrast to classical Sandmeyer reactions, no metal catalysts are required to achieve high yields and outstanding selectivities for halogenation over competing hydridodediazotization. Convenient protocols are disclosed for synthetically meaningful brominations, iodinations, and chlorinations of diversely functionalized derivatives.
Experiments in the integration of world knowledge with sensory information for mobile robots (2005)

World representation is obviously a most important part of the sensory intelligence required by a mobile robot in order to operate autonomously in a complex environment. In this paper, we will propose a taxonomy of robot intelligence based on the methods used for world representation and for the integration of sensory information with the representations. These methods of representation and sensory integration are currently being programmed into PETER, a mobile robot, in our lab.