gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Study of Heart Rate Variability Synchrony as a Marker of Intraoperative Surgical Teamwork and Its Correlation to the Length of Procedure (2022)

Objective: Quality of intraoperative teamwork may have a direct impact on patient outcomes. Heart rate variability (HRV) synchrony may be useful for objective assessment of team cohesion and good teamwork. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using HRV synchrony in surgical teams. Secondary aims were to investigate the association of HRV synchrony with length of procedure (LOP), complications, number of intraoperative glitches and length of stay (LOS). We also investigated the correlation between HRV synchrony and team familiarity, pre- and intraoperative stress levels (STAI questionnaire), NOTECHS score and experience of team members. Methods: Ear, nose and throat (ENT) and vascular surgeons (consultant and registrar team members) were recruited into the study. Baseline demographics including level of team members’ experience were gathered before each procedure. For each procedure, continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recording was performed and questionnaires regarding pre- and intraoperative stress levels and non-technical skills (NOTECHS) scores were collected for each team member. An independent observer documented the time of each intraoperative glitch. Statistical analysis was conducted using stepwise multiple linear regression. Results: Four HRV synchrony metrics which may be markers of efficient surgical collaboration were identified from the data: 1. number of HRV synchronies per hour of procedure, 2. number of HRV synchrony trends per hour of procedure, 3. length of HRV synchrony trends per hour of procedure, 4. area under the HRV synchrony trend curve per hour of procedure. LOP was inversely correlated with number of HRV synchrony trends per hour of procedure (p < 0.0001), area under HRV synchrony trend curve per hour of procedure (p = 0.001), length of HRV synchrony trends per hour of procedure (p = 0.002) and number of HRV synchronies per hour of procedure (p < 0.0001). LOP was positively correlated with: FS (p = 0.043; R = 0.358) and intraoperative STAI score of the whole team (p = 0.007; R = 0.493). Conclusions: HRV synchrony metrics within operating teams may be used as an objective marker to quantify surgical teamwork. We have shown that LOP is shorter when the intraoperative surgical teams’ HRV is more synchronised.
Automatic parallel SAT solving using MTSS (2009)

Satisfiability Problem is a great and competitive practical approach to solve a wide range of industrial and academic problems. The size and difficulty of the SAT instances have grown significantly over years thanks to solvers always more competitive. Among the recent solvers, the main part of them are sequential. Even if all of them include a very interesting innovation to improve performances, they can not take advantage of new multicore processors widely available today. To overcome this situation, MTSS (Multi-Threaded Sat Solver) allows to parallelize an existing sequential SAT solver by introducing the principle of guiding tree in shared memory.
<title>Analysis and testing of a Mach-scaled helicopter rotor in hover with piezoelectric bender-actuated trailing-edge flaps</title> (1998)

This paper presents an analytic model and validation tests of Froude and Mach scaled rotors featuring piezoelectric bender actuated trailing-edge flaps for active vibration suppression. A finite element structural formulation in conjunction with time domain unsteady aerodynamics is used to develop the rotor blade and bender-flap coupled response in hover. The analysis accounts for the aerodynamic, centrifugal, inertial and frictional loads acting on the coupled bender-flap-rotor system in hover. To investigate the feasibility of piezo-bender actuation and validate the analytic model, a 6 foot diameter, two-bladed Froude scaled rotor with piezo-bender actuation is tested on the hover stand. Flap deflections of +/- 4 to +/- 8 degrees, for 1 to 5 /rev bender excitation were achieved at the Froude scaled operating speed of 900 RPM. The trailing-edge flap activation resulted in a 10% variation in the rotor thrust levels at 6 degrees collective pitch. The analytic model shows good correlation with experimental flap deflections and oscillatory hubloads for different rotor speeds and collective settings. Based on the analytic model, two Mach scaled rotor blades with piezo-bender actuation are designed and fabricated. To achieve the desired flap performance at Mach scale, an 8-layered, tapered bender is fabricated. The bender performance is further improved by selectively applying large electric fields in the direction of polarization for individual piezoceramic elements. A radial bearing is incorporated to reduce frictional loads at the blade-flap interface. Preliminary testing of the Mach scaled blades at 900 RPM in a vacuum chamber revealed negligible degradation in flap performance because of centrifugal and frictional loading. The analysis predicts that flap deflections of +/- 5 to +/- 10 degrees for 1 to 4 /rev bender excitation can be achieved at the Mach scaled operating speed of 2100 RPM. Future work will involve hover and wind tunnel testing at Mach scaled operating speeds.
Gesture-Based OLAP Navigation on Touchscreen Devices (2012)

This report describes the design and development of a dashboard that visualizes OnLine Analytical Processing information. Users are able to navigate through the information using touch-based gestures. The source of the information is a Customer Relationship Management tool. This information is made accessible using a Data Warehouse and a Data Mart. Before the design and implementation of the dashboard was started a few other steps were required. The first step in this process was to map out the situation at the start as well as the information needs of the end user. The design of the dashboard, comprised of a visualization and set of gesture interactions, is based on the information needs of the end user. The design was implemented using standardized web technologies. This approach has resulted in a web application usable on mobile as well as desktop devices with touchscreens. Finally an end user validation of the system was performed to determine whether the application fulfills the needs determined at the beginning. Testing with the dashboard revealed that there were a few points on which the dashboard can be improved. Users want to explore the information with more detail. Another point is that the users required more axes to fulfill their information need. Users found the system easy to work with and the dashboard invited them to explore the information.
A case study of pattern-based software framework to improve the quality of software development (2009)

In recent years, development of the software industry and demand for software systems have increased rapidly, but developers often does not know whose suggestion to follow regarding methodologies of software engineering. One reason for that is the difficulty in applying new software engineering technologies. Developers take a long time to train. Another reason is the difficulty in integrating CASE toolsets. So many indeterminate factors make the development process more and more complex. On the other hand, software development is too customized, and software reuse is difficult. The reasons above are the cause for software development and maintenance to become more complex and difficult to control.
MRC Wells Performance Update: Shaybah Field, Saudi Arabia (2007)

Abstract This paper is an update of previous SPE technical papers1,2 highlighting the results of 25 Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) wells drilled in the Shaybah Field either as new wells or part of a workover strategy to convert existing weak 1-km single lateral wells to MRC wells with reservoir contacts ranging from 5 to 9 km. Shaybah field, a low permeability reservoir overlain by a huge gas cap was initially developed in 1996 with 1-km single lateral horizontal wells to effectively drain the hydrocarbon while reducing gas coning. A step development approach by increasing the reservoir contact to improve well productivity and performance was the basis for the MRC concept. Results to date from 25 MRC wells have indicated a four-fold increase in well productivities and a three-fold decrease in unit development cost when compared to the one-km single lateral wells. A useful by-product of MRC drilling is the enhancement achieved in reservoir characterization. In addition to MRC wells, smart technologies such as downhole flow control systems (smart completions), expandable liners, and production equalizers were deployed in Shaybah Field. These technologies have shown major improvements to well performance and recovery. Smart controls assisted in optimizing production from each lateral in a multi-lateral well in the event of premature gas or water coning. In addition, downhole smart completions improved well productivity in multi-lateral wells through an improved well cleanup process. Production equalizers when deployed in high GOR wells reduced gas coning and improved well productivity. To date over 21 expandable liners have been deployed as enablers to a workover strategy to convert single lateral wells to Multi-lateral/MRC wells thereby providing the platform for installation of downhole flow control systems.
3D Scene Reconstruction for Robotic Bridge Inspection (2014)

This paper provides a comparative study of two methods for reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) scenes from monocular two-dimensional (2D) images with respect to their applicability to robotic civil infrastructure inspection. The two methods considered are dense structure from motion (DSfM) and image mosaicing (IM). The primary metrics used in the comparison include: (1) the accuracy of the reconstructions for inspection measurement purposes, (2) the nature and prevalence of reconstruction artifacts, and (3) resolution demands for adequate reconstruction accuracy. A series of small-scale model reconstructions using both approaches were developed and compared. Findings from the small-scale tests were then applied to a full-scale field test of the robotic reconstruction system. Both methods generally produced geometrically accurate reconstructions, but the DSfM method was found to be more adaptable to complex field scenarios. There were also key differences in the frequency and nature of artifacts introduced by each method.
Wavelength combining fused-taper couplers with low sensitivity to polarisation for use with 1480 nm-pumped erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (1990)

Fused-taper wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) couplers for use in combining the 1480 nm pump wavelength with the 1540 nm signal wavelength of erbium-doped fibre amplifier systems are reported. Output port isolation in excess of 15 dB has been achieved at the centre of each channel with very low polarisation sensitivity of &lt;0.2 dB over a 30 nm range about the channel centres.
A New Generation of Chemical Contraceptives (1974)

Accounts of the use of medical regimens to procure removal of the fetus from the uterus date back to antiquity. Two Greek physicians, Soranus of the second century a.d. and Aetios, who lived four centuries later, refer in their writings to nonsurgical abortifacient regimens. In chapter 18 of the Aetios Tetrabiblion, entitled "Methods of Destroying the Fetus according to Aspasia," the author recommended that to procure an abortion a woman should "move about vigorously, jump and carry heavy loads." She was also advised to drink "decoctions which [would] induce the flow of the menses and urination and induce bowel movements," to rub her abdomen and loins with bitter infusions, and to linger in a tub of lukewarm water containing fenugreek, mallow, and mugwort. When these remedies failed, compresses and plasters were applied to the abdomen and loins while dried figs and salt were placed in the vagina, which was fumigated with burning garlic skins and female hair. The first, third, and fifth months were suggested as better than even-numbered months for inducing abortion, the third being the most satisfactory.
Microroughness Measurements on Polished Silicon Wafers (1992)

Six different techniques i.e. Stylus profilometry, Phase Shift Interferometry (PSI), Scanning Optical Microscopey in Differential Phase Contrast mode (SOM-DPC), Light Scattering Topography (LST), Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) have been used for measurements of silicon surface microroughness. Specimens with 4 different surface roughness levels have been prepared by variation of the mechanical or chemical components of a traditional polishing process. At low microroughness, a contradiction is observed between 2 groups: on one hand stylus and PSI, which sample the longer length scales from about 1 micron upwards, and STM and AFM on the other hand, which in this work sampled in the submicron range. The results of SOM-DPC and LST, which sample intermediate roughness scales, coincide with the latter group.
Phase Noise Power Spectral Density Measurement of Narrow Linewidth CW Lasers Using an Optical Phase-Locked Loop (2006)

A novel technique for continuous-wave (CW) laser phase noise power spectral density measurement, useful for coherent communications, is proposed. It employs a homodyne optical phase-locked loop. Experimental results are compared with a self-heterodyne linewidth measurement and the comparison shows how the proposed measurement method gives more accurate results for coherent transmission system applications
High Precision On‐Line Offset Correction for Motor Angle Sensors (2017)

SUMMARY In this paper, an angle detecting system is proposed that calculates the offset correction values for the sine and cosine signals of angle sensors. The offset correction values are calculated not from the offset errors of the sine and cosine signals but from the 1f angle error (the fundamental frequency component of the sine and cosine signals) of the angle signals. Therefore, the system can correct the 1f angle error even when the sine and cosine signals contain the double‐frequency components of the sine and cosine signals, as well as the dc offset errors. Moreover, it is possible to use low‐cost microcomputers with low computing speed, because the offset correction values are dc quantities.
Ultrahigh dynamic-range distance measurement using a femtosecond frequency comb (2007)

We report a compact optical distance meter using intermode beats of a fiber-delivered frequency comb. We realized micrometer agreement over hundreds of meters to a length-measuring laser interferometer which is the reference standard at NMIJ/AIST.
Electron Cyclotron Resonance (E.C.R.) Multiply Charged Ion Sources (1979)

High charge state ions can be produced by electron bombardment inside targets when the target electron density n (cm-3) multiplied by the ion transit time through the target τ (sec) is : nτ > 5×109cm-3sec. The relative velocity between electrons and ions determines the balance between stripping and capture, i.e. the final ion charge state. (In a stripper foil fast ions interact with slow electrons involving typically n ~ 1024cm-3, τ ~ 10-14sec). In the E.C.R. source a cold ion plasma created in a first stage diffuses slowly through a second stage containing a hot E.C.R. plasma with n > 3×1011cm-3 and τ > 10-2sec. Continuous beams of several μA of C6+, N7+, Ne9+, A11+ are extracted from the second stage with normalized emittances of ~ 0.57π mm mrad. The absence of cathodes and plasma arcs makes the source very robust, reliable and well-fitted for cyclotron injection. A superconducting source is under development.
How Good is Good Enough? Lessons in Musculoskeletal Model Validation With the Anybody Modeling System (2013)

In the last two decades a steady evolution has taken place in the realm of musculoskeletal simulation, which is now taking an increasingly central role in guiding ergonomics evaluations, influencing medical device design, and informing clinical decisions. Musculoskeletal simulation holds tremendous promise to help bring safer, more innovative products to market more quickly and to drive optimized, patient-specific care. But, to effectively deliver on these challenging goals, both the software and the models created from it must meet high expectations for verification and validation so that critical choices influenced by simulation can be made with confidence. Verification is the job of the software developer, but due to the breadth of modeling applications, the task of validation falls to the user. Rigorous model validation is time consuming and often technically difficult. And so, the question arises, in the context of both verification and validation, “How good is good enough?” The goal of this paper is to offer a response to that question. The discussion will be complemented by relevant validation examples from the open literature pertaining to one commercial musculoskeletal simulation software, the AnyBody Modeling System (AMS).
Computational studies of adsorption in metal organic frameworks and interaction of nanoparticles in condensed phases (2014)

In this review, we describe recent efforts to systematically study nano-structured metal organic frameworks (MOFs), also known as metal organic heat carriers, with particular emphasis on their application in heating and cooling processes. We used both molecular dynamics and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation techniques to gain a molecular-level understanding of the adsorption mechanism of gases in these porous materials. We investigated the uptake of various gases such as refrigerants R12 and R143a. We also evaluated the effects of temperature and pressure on the uptake mechanism. Our computed results compared reasonably well with available measurements from experiments, thus validating our potential models and approaches. In addition, we investigated the structural, diffusive and adsorption properties of different hydrocarbons in Ni2(dhtp). Finally, to elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticle dispersion in condensed phases, we studied the interactions among nanoparticles in various liquids, such as n-hexane, water and methanol.
Comparator-less digital implementation of AC-coupled ΣΔ A/D converters (2009)

A simple and successful design for a sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulator with only digital active components is presented. Low frequency compensation of the input threshold variations of the digital gate used as a comparator achieves good spurious-free dynamic range. The only drawback is the addition of a low cutoff frequency, which results in an AC-coupled analogue-to-digital converter.
Modeling and Testing of a Minimally Powered SOI-DRIE MEMS Pressure Sensor for Discrete Blast Detection (2018)

MEMS diaphragms utilizing an embedded cantilever array to sense pressure were investigated in an effort to detect blast-induced loads that potentially cause mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Overhanging cantilever beams of varying length sequentially contacted convexly deformed diaphragms during pressure loading to enable binned binary threshold pressure sensing. Diaphragms and overhanging cantilever beam arrays photolithographically defined using double-layer SOI-DRIE processes were designed to minimize footprint and maximize sensing resolution while avoiding diaphragm fracture. Analytic models based on classical plate theory were correlated with a FEA model to guide design decisions by predicting deflection behavior of circular diaphragms under uniformly distributed pressure loads. Fabricated sensors experimentally tested under static conditions revealed good agreement with modeling, and indicated such a sensor may be well-suited for integration into a future wearable device capable of sensing potentially mTBI-causing blasts using minimal power.
Automated Segmentation of Knee Cartilage Using Modified Radial Approach for OA Patients with and without Bone Abnormality (2018)

Automatic Segmentation of articular cartilage is important for the quantitative analysis as well as for 2D or 3D visualization of cartilage. Automatic segmentation of cartilage is quite challenging, particularly for OA patients having Bone Marrow Edema (BME) like lesions. Objective of this study was to develop an automatic segmentation approach which can work well for healthy as well as OA patients with and without BME lesions. In this study we proposed an automatic cartilage segmentation approach based upon modification of radial approach and using T2 map values. Accuracy of proposed method was tested with manual segmentation by computing coefficient of similarity. Proposed automated segmentation method was successfully tested on 12 MRI data set. This method provided an accuracy of 89 ± 1 % DSC in patient without BME and 84 ± 1.7 % in subjects having bone lesions. 2D WearMap of both T2 values and thickness values were generated.
Ultralightweight motor design using electromagnetic resonance coupling (2016)

To produce an ultra-lightweight motor, we propose a technology that converts electrical energy between the stator and rotor using magnetic coupling. Magnetic coupling causes electromagnetic resonance between the respective multiphase windings of the stator and rotor. Electromagnetic resonance coupling technology allows electric motors to convert energy without magnetic cores, significantly reducing their overall weight. In this study, we proposed a motor design based on magnetic resonance coupling (MRC) and described its operating principles and characteristics. A model of the proposed MRC motor was analyzed using magnetic analysis to verify its rotational energy conversion and understand its fundamental characteristics. Our results confirmed that the proposed MRC motor without a magnetic core is capable of converting electromagnetic energy between the stator and rotor and producing sufficient operating torque.
Cardiac pacing in Canada in 1998: working towards optimal pacing therapy. Canadian Working Group on Cardiac Pacing. (1998)

The Canadian Working Group on Cardiac Pacing (CWGCP) was formed in 1996 with the primary goal of promoting optimal pacing therapy in Canada. In 1997, the CWGCP conducted a survey of pacing practices across Canada. Ninety-two of 125 implanting programs (74%) responded. Implant rates vary by province--from 39 per 100,00 population in Ontario to 63 per 100,000 population in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. Variations in regional implant rates persist even after correcting for the age of the population. Physiological pacing was used for 35% of all implants in Canada in 1996/97. There were marked differences across Canada in the mode of pacing selected. In western Canada, 39.5% of pacing systems implanted were physiological compared with 18.2% in Atlantic Canada and 29% in Quebec. There were also differences in follow-up practices. Approximately 40% of centres follow patients with single chamber pacemakers annually, whereas most other centres still follow these patients every six months. Economic constraints, the size of pacing programs and the involvement of committed pacing physicians are factors that may influence the regional differences in cardiac pacing across Canada.
Carbon nanotubes for the delivery of therapeutic molecules (2004)

Functionalised carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) are emerging as new tools in the field of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. This is because they can be easily manipulated and modified by encapsulation with biopolymers or by covalent linking of solubilising groups to the external walls and tips. The possibility of incorporating f-CNTs into biological systems has opened the way to the exploration of their potential applications in biology and medicinal chemistry. Within the different fields of applications (i.e., biosensors, composite materials, molecular electronics), one use of CNTs is as new carrier systems for the delivery of therapeutic molecules. Research discussed in this review is focused on recent advances in the development of CNT technology for the delivery of drugs, antigens and genes.