gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability‐guaranteed dynamic ElGamal cryptosystem for encrypted control systems (2020)

Despite the importance of cyber‐security for networked control systems, no suitable cryptosystem exists for networked control systems that guarantees stability and has low computational complexity. This study proposes a novel dynamic ElGamal cryptosystem for encrypted control systems. The proposed cryptosystem is a multiplicative homomorphic cryptosystem, and it updates key pairs and ciphertexts by simple updating rules with modulo operations at every sampling period. Furthermore, the authors modify the proposed cryptosystem by using a dynamic encoder and decoder so that the asymptotic stability of the encrypted control systems is guaranteed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the encrypted controller with the proposed cryptosystem achieves asymptotic stability while randomly updating key pairs and ciphertexts. The feasibility of the proposed encrypted control system is evaluated through regulation control with a positioning table testbed. The processing time of the proposed encrypted control system is on the order of milliseconds, indicating that the system achieves real‐time control.
Articular Cartilage Repair in the Avian Quail-Chick Chimera Model (1981)

The natural history of the cells which participate in the repair of defects in articular cartilage was studied in the chick-quail chimeric system. This system involves interspecific grafting of quail limb rudiments onto the vascularized chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) where the grafts revascularized and grow. Differences in cell morphology make it possible to clearly differentiate cells which subsequently arise from the grafted elements, from those which subsequently originate in the host (chick) tissues and migrate into the grafts. Herein, lesions were produced in quail femurs just prior to the time they were grafted to the chick CAM. The lesions were of two types: those restricted to the proliferative and hypertrophic zones of the cartilaginous epiphyses, and those which penetrated through the cartilage into the subchrondral marrow space. Epiphyses cut transversely at the level of the proliferative and hypertrophic cells failed to resurface with hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. Cavities produced in these areas also failed to repair. However, lesions which penetrated through the epiphyses into the medullary spaces filled with calcified bone trabeculae, and all the osteoblasts and osteocytes in the repair bone had nuclei of the graft (quail) type. The observations suggested that the cells resident in articular cartilage have little ability to effect healing, and that the new bone was derived from osteoprogenitor cells in the quail marrow stroma which moved with capillaries into the lesions. Indirect evidence is presented to support the concept that chondrocytes surviving ossification of the epiphyses can also contribute to the osteoprogenitor cell pool. A fibrocartilage metaplasia was not observed at the joint surface in this system, presumably due to the absence of biomechanical influences.
Global Effect of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Biosynthesis on Multiple Virulence Factors of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937 (2006)

Production of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is widespread among plant-associated microorganisms. The non-gall-forming phytopathogen Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937 (strain Ech3937) possesses iaaM (ASAP16562) and iaaH (ASAP16563) gene homologues. In this work, the null knockout iaaM mutant strain Ech138 was constructed. The IAA production by Ech138 was reduced in M9 minimal medium supplemented with l-tryptophan. Compared with wild-type Ech3937, Ech138 exhibited reduced ability to produce local maceration, but its multiplication in Saintpaulia ionantha was unaffected. The pectate lyase production of Ech138 was diminished. Compared with wild-type Ech3937, the expression levels of an oligogalacturonate lyase gene, ogl, and three endopectate lyase genes, pelD, pelI, and pelL, were reduced in Ech138 as determined by a green fluorescent protein-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting promoter activity assay. In addition, the transcription of type III secretion system (T3SS) genes, dspE (a putative T3SS effector) and hrpN (T3SS harpin), was found to be diminished in the iaaM mutant Ech138. Compared with Ech3937, reduced expression of hrpL (a T3SS alternative sigma factor) and gacA but increased expression of rsmA in Ech138 was also observed, suggesting that the regulation of T3SS and pectate lyase genes by IAA biosynthesis might be partially due to the posttranscriptional regulation of the Gac-Rsm regulatory pathway.
Magnetic Susceptibility Modelling Using ANSYS (2011)

The paper deals with modeling of magnetic induction in close to the paramagnetic materials. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based method for material susceptibility measuring gives variable results which need to be verified by other reliable method. ANSYS model based on Finite element method (FEM) makes veri¯cation of measured results possible. ANSYS is the suitable system for multiphysics modeling and simulation, modeling of anisotropic materials and for possible use of special programming language APDL. Therefore, the use of this program is for the results verification appropriate. Paramagnetic and diamagnetic material samples e.g., aluminum, copper, glass, and water are used. The samples are of cylinder shape, 3 cm in length and 0.5 cm in diameter. The cylinder is placed in an air filed cube with side length 4 cm.
Large Graph Algorithms for Massively Multithreaded Architectures (2009)

Modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) provide high computation power at low costs and have been de-scribed as desktop supercomputers. The GPUs expose a general, data-parallel programming model today in the form of CUDA and CAL. The GPU is presented as a massively multithreaded architecture by them. Several high-performance, general data processing algorithms such as sorting, matrix multiplication, etc., have been de-veloped for the GPUs. In this paper, we present a set of general graph algorithms on the GPU using the CUDA programming model. We present implementations of breadth-first search, st-connectivity, single-source shortest path, all-pairs shortest path, minimum spanning tree, and maximum flow algorithms on commodity GPUs. Our implementations exhibit high performance, especially on large graphs. We experiment on random, scale-free, and real-life graphs of up to millions of vertices. Parallel algorithms for such problems have been reported in the literature before, especially on supercomputers. The approach has been that of divide-and-conquer, where indi-vidual processing nodes solve smaller sub-problems followed by a combining step. The massively multithreaded model of the GPU makes it possible to adopt the data-parallel approach even to irregular algorithms like graph algorithms, using O(V) or O(E) simultaneous threads. The algorithms and the underlying techniques presented in this paper are likely to be applicable to many irregular algorithms on them. 1.
Process Modules for High-Density Interconnects in Panel-Level Packaging (2019)

Advanced packaging technologies like wafer-level fan-out and 3-D system-in-package (3-D SIP) are rapidly penetrating the market of electronic components. For cost reduction, one approach is the migration of processes from wafer to panel format, called panel-level packaging (PLP). In a consortium of partners from industry and research, advanced technologies for PLP are developed. The project aims for an integrated process flow for 3-D SIPs with chips embedded into an organic laminate matrix. At first, 6 mm × 6 mm chips (100 μm thickness) with Cu bumps (25-μm height, 110-μm pitch) are placed into cavities of a printed circuit board (PCB) core layer. They are embedded by vacuum lamination of thin organic films. The core is equipped with fiducials for local alignment and provides handling robustness. Developments aim for a final panel size of 600 mm × 600 mm (here 227 mm × 305 mm demonstrated). Onto the contact side of embedded chips, a 25-μm dielectric film is applied. The copper bumps are subsequently opened by plasma etching. By sputtering and electroplating of Cu, electrical contacts to the chips are formed without via opening. Highaspect-ratio vias as an element for vertical interconnects are formed by UV laser drilling. At via diameters of 17 μm, a drill hole depth of 74 μm was achieved (aspect ratio 4.4:1). Using a newly developed electrolyte, microvia filling was achieved for aspect ratios up to 4:1. With a newly developed direct imaging (DI) machine, 4-μm structures in a 7-μm dry film photoresist are formed. Adaptive imaging of a redistribution layer was realized.
Optimization of printed coil arrays for microscopic imaging and spectroscopy (2002)

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) microscopic imaging and spectroscopy may prove to be a potential tool for monitoring the development of breast tumors grown in rats. In order to monitor the various stages of the tumor's growth a dedicated RF coil must be designed to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) throughout an appropriate region. This study describes the optimization of a radio-frequency (RF) coil array for microscopic imaging. Experimental and theoretical results have been obtained for different configurations of single planar microcoil elements and utilized for distinguishing their optimal parameters. A comparison of the calculated SNRs obtained from a conventional NMR coil versus the different optimal planar microcoils showed that the SNR of the conventional coil is significantly lower than that of the microcoils at a shallow imaging depth. These results indicate that for objects requiring a shallow field-of-view (FOV), printed circuit array coils will provide improved SNR over single coils for microimaging with no increase in data collection time.
Measurement of Pupil Center Shift in Refractive Surgery Candidates With Caucasian Eyes Using Infrared Pupillometry (2014)

The mean distance between the pupil center and the corneal vertex is greater in hyperopic eyes than in myopic eyes, whereas the spatial shift of this pupil center has a temporal direction as the pupil dilates and is constantly small in all groups. However, pupil center shift can be important in a few patients.
Comparison of animal infectivity, excystation, and fluorogenic dye as measures of Giardia muris cyst inactivation by ozone (1991)

Giardia muris cyst viability after ozonation was compared by using fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide staining, the C3H/HeN mouse-G. muris model, and in vitro excystation. Bench-scale batch experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions (pH 6.7, 22 degrees C) in ozone-demand-free phosphate buffer. There was a significant difference between fluorogenic staining and infectivity (P less than or equal to 0.05), with fluorogenic staining overestimating viability compared with infectivity estimates of viability. This suggests that viable cysts as indicated by fluorogenic dyes may not be able to complete the life cycle and produce an infection. No significant differences between infectivity and excystation and between fluorogenic staining and excystation (P less than or equal to 0.05) were detected for inactivations up to 99.9%. Only animal infectivity had the sensitivity to detect inactivations greater than 99.9%. Therefore, the animal model is the best method currently available for detecting high levels of G. muris cyst inactivation.
Bridging the Communication Gap: A Driver-Passenger Video Link (2009)

In a recent large-scale naturalistic study, driver-passenger interactions were identified as a major source of driver distraction. According to this study, driver inattention to the road is often caused by conversation with passengers. This suggests that when driving and conversing with passengers, drivers attempt to bridge the visual communication gap with passengers by turning to look at them. In an online survey presented in this paper, responses confirmed that most drivers interact with their passengers while driving and and want eye contact during these interactions; however most would also prefer to keep their eyes on the road while driving. To address these conflicting preferences, a driving simulator user study was conducted with a monitor-based and a head-up display (HUD) video system. Results show that a video system can provide drivers with greater visual contact with passengers without degrading driving performance. Participants also had greater interest in using a HUD-based system.
Relation between Adsorption of Polymer and Dispersibility of Pigment in Nonaqueous Media. I (1971)

分子量の異なる3種のポリメチルメタクリレート (PMMA) を用い, ベンゼン溶液中での二酸化チタソ (ルチル) への吸着等温線を求めた。飽和吸着の領域で, PMMAベンぜン溶液に分散したルチルサスペソショソの相対粘度と計算粒子濃度との関係を求め, 前もって求めておいたルチルのステアリソ酸ベンゼン溶液サスペンショソの相対粘度～粒子濃度の関係式 (検量曲線) を使って, ルチル上のPMMAの吸着層の厚さを計算した。さらに, 表面濃度も計算してみた。PMMAの分子量が増すにっれて, 吸着層の厚さは増したが, 表面濃度は減った。他方, ウィグナー管を用い, サスペソショソ中のルチルの平均粒径を調べたところ, PMMAの分子量が増すにっれて平均粒径は小さくなり, 分散性がよくなることがわかった。
Debate - The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Should Follow the Canadian Medical Association Guidelines for Maintenance of Certification: Agree (2003)

Aregional gastroenterology group requests the accreditation of a meeting that will provide an update regarding diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The topics were developed by a committee without industry input and were based on a needs assessment. The speakers were not picked by industry. The expenses of the attendees and their guests will be paid by industry. Families and partners, but not physicians, will be charged a registration fee. The meeting will be held at a well-known resort and the registration will cover part of the expenses.
An amphiphilic poly(vinylidene fluoride)-b-poly(vinyl alcohol) block copolymer: synthesis and self-assembly in water (2017)

This study is the first report of the synthesis and self-assembly in water of an amphiphilic PVDF-<italic>b</italic>-PVA block copolymer.
Thermovolumetric properties versus glass transition temperature of diolic perfluoropoly(oxyethylene‐ran‐oxymethylene) oligomers (1995)

Abstract The specific volume v from – 20 to 60°C and the glass transition temperature T g was measured of a homologous series of linear diolic oligomer fractions constituted by a random perfluoro‐poly(oxyethylene‐ ran ‐oxymethylene) chain of fairly uniform composition and two CH 2 OH end units, with a degree of polymerization x̄ n from 5,4 to 165,9 ( M̄ n from 400 to 14900). An empirical parabolic v = v ( T, w E ) equation of state is found as satisfactory, w E being the end copolymeric composition expressed as weight fraction of end units, inversely proportional to M̄ n . A predictive bridge is then established between thermovolumetric parameters and T g , through a highly reliable linear relation v g – T g between experimental T g and calculated specific volume at T g , which leads with measurable parameters to a T g – w E relation, in very good agreement with experimental results. For the range of M̄ n above 1500–2000, simpler relations can also be used to a good approximation, which are discussed in their physical meaning and validity.
A new diagnostic strategy which uses a luminol-H2O2 system to detect helminth eggs in fecal sediments processed by the Helmintex method (2020)

Schistosomiasis remains a serious public health problem in tropical regions, affecting more than 250 million people. Sensitive diagnostic methods represent key tools for disease elimination, in particular in areas with low endemicity. Advances in the use of luminol-based chemiluminescent techniques have enabled greater sensitivity and speed in obtaining results in different diagnostic settings. In this study, we developed a luminol-H2O2 chemiluminescence (CL) method to detect Schistosoma mansoni eggs in human fecal sediments processed by the Helmintex (HTX) method. After S. mansoni eggs were incubated with a solution of luminol-H2O2 the light emission was detected and measured by spectrophotometry at 431 nm for 5 min, using detection and counts of eggs by bright field optical microscopy as a reference. CL intensity was found to correlate with different sources and numbers of eggs. Furthermore, our results showed that the CL method can distinguish positive from negative samples with 100% sensitivity and 71% specificity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the use of CL for the diagnosis of helminths from fecal samples. The combination of the HTX method with CL represents an important advance in providing a reference method with the highest standards of sensitivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phosphonates by Nucleophilic Substitution at Phosphorus: The SN P(V) Reaction (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Un virus, hôte indésirable de L. guyanensis, détermine la gravité de la forme mucocutanée de la leishmaniose (2011)

Les leishmanies sont des parasites protozoaires de la famille des Kinetoplastidae qui sont transmis l'homme par la piqre d'insectes hmatophages, les phlbotomes, et sont les agents responsables des leishmanioses, infections prsentes chez environ 12 millions de personnes dans le monde Depuis quelques annes, les leishmanioses sont en recrudescence, ce qu'expliquent principalement l'apparition de rsistances aux traitements et des co-infections avec le VIH (virus de l'immunodficience humaine). Parmi les nombreuses espces de leishmanies, environ une vingtaine sont pathognes pour l'homme, comme Leishmania major, L. donovani, L. infantum ou bien encore, en Amrique Centrale et Amrique du Sud, L. mexicana, L. chagasi ou L. braziliensis. Selon l'espce infectante, les leishmanioses se manifestent par des symptmes cliniques trs divers ; les principales sont la leishmaniose cutane (LC), la leishmaniose viscrale et la leishmaniose mucocutane (LMC).
The use of geographical analysis in assessing the impact of patients’ home addresses on their participation in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: a prospective cohort study (2020)

UMIN000028435.
Phytoremediation potential of Beta vulgaris L. (Swiss chard) using soil from the vicinity of Kette-Batouri Goldmine (Eastern Cameroon) (2022)

The current study investigated the growth, uptake and distribution of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L) grown in soil collected from two sites near Kette-Batouri Goldmines, Eastern Cameroon. Seeds were germinated and grown in the two soil types for 12 weeks under greenhouse conditions. The length of the roots and shoots were significantly affected by the soil type. Thereafter, PHEs in the plant organs were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The translocation factor (TF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of greenhouse-grown Swiss chard were calculated. The order of abundance of PHEs in Soil 1 were: Fe >Al >Ba >Pb >Mg and in Soil 2 were: Al >Fe >Ba >Mg >Pb. Pb, Al and Ba had higher concentrations in the roots compared to the shoots of Swiss chard. Mg, Fe and Ba had TF and BAF >1 with Mg having the highest TF and BAF. The current findings add to a better understanding of elemental uptake by plants from soils. This will assist with in situ phyto-technology that can be crafted into tools for educating farmers and locals within the mining vicinity. Such knowledge will guide their choice of appropriate reclamation and restoration of soil health for sustainable agriculture.
Extensive mitochondrial diversity within a single Amerindian tribe. (1991)

Sequencing of a 360-nucleotide segment of the mitochondrial control region for 63 individuals from an Amerindian tribe, the Nuu-Chah-Nulth of the Pacific Northwest, revealed the existence of 28 lineages defined by 26 variable positions. This represents a substantial level of mitochondrial diversity for a small local population. Furthermore, the sequence diversity among these Nuu-Chah-Nulth lineages is greater than 60% of the mitochondrial sequence diversity observed in major ethnic groups such as Japanese or sub-Saharan Africans. It was also observed that the majority of the mitochondrial lineages of the Nuu-Chah-Nulth fell into phylogenetic clusters. The magnitude of the sequence difference between the lineage clusters suggests that their origin predates the entry of humans into the Americas. Since a single Amerindian tribe can contain such extensive molecular diversity, it is unnecessary to presume that substantial genetic bottlenecks occurred during the formation of contemporary ethnic groups. In particular, these data do not support the concept of a dramatic founder effect during the peopling of the Americas.
Circadian expression of genes involved in the purine biosynthetic pathway of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 (1996)

Extensive circadian (daily) control over gene expression in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 is programmed into at least two differentially phased groups. The transcriptional activity of the smaller group of genes is maximal at about dawn and minimal at about dusk. We identified one of the genes belonging to this latter group as purF, which encodes the key regulatory enzyme in the de novo purine synthetic pathway, glutamine PRPP amidotransferase (also known as amidophosphoribosyltransferase). Its expression pattern as a function of circadian time was confirmed by both luminescence from a purF::luxAB reporter strain and the abundance of purF mRNA. By fusing sequences upstream of the purF coding region to promoterless luxAB genes, we identified a limited upstream region, which potentially regulates purF circadian expression patterns in vivo. We also identified the purL gene immediately upstream of purF. The purL gene encodes FGAM synthetase, the fourth enzyme in the purine nucleotide biosynthesis pathway. Although these genes are expressed as part of a larger operon in other bacteria, reporter gene fusions revealed that purF and purL are transcribed independently in Synechococcus and that they are expressed at different phases of the circadian cycle. This differential expression pattern may be related to the oxygen sensitivity of amidophosphoribosyltransferase.
A GPU-accelerated simulator for the DEM analysis of granular systems composed of clump-shaped elements (2023)

We discuss the use of the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to simulate the dynamics of granular systems made up of elements with nontrivial geometries. The DEM simulator is GPU accelerated and can handle elements whose shape is defined as the union with overlap of diverse sets of spheres with user-specified radii. The simulator can also handle complex materials since each sphere in an element can have its own Young's modulus $E$, Poisson ratio $ν$, friction coefficient $μ$, and coefficient of restitution CoR. To demonstrate the simulator, we produce a "digital simulant" (DS), a replica of the GRC-1 lunar simulant. The DS follows an element size distribution similar but not identical to that of GRC-1. We validate the predictive attributes of the simulator via several numerical experiments: repose angle, cone penetration, drawbar pull, and rover incline-climbing tests. Subsequently, we carry out a sensitivity analysis to gauge how the slope vs. slip curves change when the element shape, element size, and friction coefficient change. The paper concludes with a VIPER rover simulation that confirms a recently proposed granular scaling law. The simulation involves more than 11 million elements composed of more than 34 million spheres of different radii. The simulator works in the Chrono framework and utilizes two GPUs concurrently. The GPU code for the simulator and all numerical experiments discussed are open-source and available on GitHub for reproducibility studies and unfettered use and distribution.