gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
8-Bromo-cAMP decreases the Ca2+sensitivity of airway smooth muscle contraction through a mechanism distinct from inhibition of Rho-kinase (2004)

To clarify whether cyclic AMP (cAMP)/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activation and Rho-kinase inhibition share a common mechanism to decrease the Ca 2+ sensitivity of airway smooth muscle contraction, we examined the effects of 8-bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (8-BrcAMP), a stable cAMP analog, and (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl) cyclohexane carboxamide dihydrochloride, monohydrate (Y-27632), a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on carbachol (CCh)-, guanosine 5′- O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPγS)-, 4β-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu)-, and leukotriene D 4 (LTD 4 )-induced Ca 2+ sensitization in α-toxin-permeabilized rabbit tracheal and human bronchial smooth muscle. In rabbit trachea, CCh-induced smooth muscle contraction was inhibited by 8-BrcAMP and Y-27632 to a similar extent. However, GTPγS-induced smooth muscle contraction was resistant to 8-BrcAMP. In the presence of a saturating concentration of Y-27632, PDBu-induced smooth muscle contraction was completely reversed by 8-BrcAMP. Conversely, PDBu-induced smooth muscle contraction was resistant to Y-27632. In the presence of a saturating concentration of 8-BrcAMP, GTPγS-induced Ca 2+ sensitization was also reversed by Y-27632. The 8-BrcAMP had no effect on the ATP-triggered contraction of tracheal smooth muscle that had been treated with calyculin A in rigor solutions. The 8-BrcAMP and Y-27632 additively accelerated the relaxation rate of PDBu- and GTPγS-treated smooth muscle under myosin light chain kinase-inhibited conditions. In human bronchus, LTD 4 -induced smooth muscle contraction was inhibited by both 8-BrcAMP and Y-27632. We conclude that cAMP/PKA-induced Ca 2+ desensitization contains at least two mechanisms: 1) inhibition of the muscarinic receptor signaling upstream from Rho activation and 2) cAMP/PKA's preferential reversal of PKC-mediated Ca 2+ sensitization in airway smooth muscle.
Centers for Oceans and Human Health: contributions to an emerging discipline (2008)

© 2008 Author et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Environmental Health 7 (2008): S1, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-S2-S1.
Convenient Access to 2-Arylpyrroles from 2-Lithio-N,N-dibenzylcyclopropylamine and Nitriles (2006)

N,N-Dibenzylaminocyclopropyl ketimines formed as ­intermediates upon treatment of 2-lithiated N,N-dibenzylcyclo­propylamines with nitriles, being donor-acceptor-substituted cyclopropanes, immediately underwent ring-enlarging rearrangement and 1,2-elimination of dibenzylamine to produce 2-substituted ­pyrroles in good yields (14 examples, 55-80%).
Caffeic acid produces antidepressive- and/or anxiolytic-like effects through indirect modulation of the α1A-adrenoceptor system in mice (2003)

We previously reported that caffeic acid produce antidepressive- and/or anxiolytic-like effects in two different types of stress models. It has recently been reported that caffeic acid affects the alpha1A-adrenoceptor system. The present study examined whether the alpha1A-adrenoceptor system is involved in the antidepressive- and/or anxiolytic-like effects of caffeic acid. Caffeic acid reduced the duration of immobility and freezing of mice produced by forced swimming and conditioned fear stress, respectively. These effects of caffeic acid were suppressed by the alpha1- and alpha1A-adrenoceptor antagonists. However, caffeic acid did not alter the binding of [3H]prazosin to alpha1A-adrenoceptor in mouse cortical membranes. These results suggest that indirect modulation of the alpha1A-adrenoceptor system may be involved in the antidepressive- and/or anxiolytic-like effects of caffeic acid.
Antierótica feroz y otras cuestiones paradójicas (2016)

En 2013 apareció en Costa Rica un cuentario, Antierótica feroz, de Laura Fuentes. Este texto se inserta dentro de un momento de ruptura estético-ideológica en la región, pues evidencia un tratamiento de la parodia y, a la vez, una cierta apologética de la corporalidad y del erotismo. En este artículo se analizan algunas ideas del cuentario, con el fin de mostrar el abordaje del erotismo y la visión de mundo propuesta. Para tales fines, se estudian diferentes posturas que van desde las clásicas (Bataille),feministas (Preciado), interdisciplinarias (Dadoun), pasando por las científicas (Reich), hasta las teológicas (Althaus-Reid).
Spectroscopic studies of poly(vinylamine) containing optically active thymine derivatives as grafted pendants (1983)

Abstract The optical properties of poly(vinylamine) containing optically active (+)‐ or (−)‐2‐(thymin‐1‐yl) propionyl groups as grafted pendants (PT) and the related monomer (MT) and dimer models (DT) were investigated by UV, circular dichroism (CD), and NMR spectroscopy. Highly syndiotactic PT has a smaller hypochromicity versus MT and a larger optical rotation than the less syndiotactic PT in various solutions. These results are attributed to an interaction between the configurational arrangement of thymines, the conformation of the polymers, and base stacking between thymines. The interactions of these polymers with poly(adenylic acid) (polyA) were also studied and the results compared with other vinyl‐type nucleic acid model polymers. The isomers of the optically active dimer models [prepared from meso and (dl)‐2,4‐diaminopentane] were separated. The CD spectra of (+)‐D(−)T in CHCl 3 and trifluoroethanol (TFE) displayed extremely solvent‐dependent exciton coupling of the π–π * (B 2u ) transition of the base chromophore, which was not observed in the other models or polymers, except the meso‐type dimer model (meso)‐D‐(−)T. This coupling decreased with increasing solvent dielectric constant, while UV hypochromicity increased. This behavior as well as the 360‐MHz NMR spectra suggest that (+)‐D(−)T exists in an extended form in solvents of low dielectric constant and gradually assumes a stacked conformation as the dielectric constant increases.
Multi-electrode arrays modified with bimetallic nanoparticles; electrical performance and neural signal recording (2015)

Microelectrode for neural signal recording was modified with Au-Pt nanoparticles (NPs). Impedance of Au-Pt NP-modified electrode was decreased by one order of magnitude compared with bare gold electrode which results in decreasing baseline noise and higher signal to noise than those of the Au NP-modified MEA. The reasonable neuron cell viability and spike recording capability were observed on Au-Pt NPs- modified electrode.
Rehabilitation Charges Associated With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2015)

This study found that preoperative supervised rehabilitation for patients with ACL reconstruction was infrequent across the United States.
Continued Exploration of Trifunctional Alkyl 4-Chloro-2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates: Streamlined Entry into [1,2,3]Triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazines and [1,2,3]Triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazepines (2021)

Abstract Further exploration of the trifunctional character of previously introduced alkyl 4-chloro-2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates in reactions with N-protected substituted o-aminophenols followed by deprotection provided a convenient entry into [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazines, which are of high medicinal importance, as documented in the literature. The same approach applied to N-protected substituted o-(aminomethyl)phenols afforded [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazepines, which are practically unexplored compounds from a medicinal chemistry perspective. The syntheses start with SN2-type alkylation of the phenol. Removal of the protecting group triggers imine formation followed by Wolff 1,2,3-triazole synthesis.
Tannins and related compounds. Part 9. Isolation and characterization of polygalloylglucoses from Turkish galls (Quercus infectoria) (1983)

Two structural isomers of pentagalloylglucose and four isomers of hexagalloylglucose have been isolated from Turkish galls (Quercus infectoria), in addition to 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (2), and their structures were established on the basis of 13C n.m.r. analysis, methanolysis, and partial hydrolysis. Trihepta-, and octa-galloylglucoses were partially purified, and their structures were also characterized mainly by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy. From the isolation and structural studies of these galloylglucoses Turkish gallotannin has been shown to be a mixture of two types of polygalloylglucoses; one type has a 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose core with depside galloyl group(s) at the C-2 and/or C-6 position of the glucose moiety, and the other has a 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose core with depside galloyl group(s) randomly distributed at the C-2, -3, -4, and -6 positions. H.p.l.c. analysis showed that Turkish gallotannin has an average molecular weight of 1 032 and the composition ranges from trito nona-galloylglucoses.
Verification of a localization criterion for several disordered media (2000)

We analytically compute a localization criterion in double scattering approximation for a set of dielectric spheres or perfectly conducting disks uniformly distributed in a spatial volume which can be either spherical or layered. For every disordered medium, we numerically investigate a localization criterion, and examine the influence of the system parameters on the wavelength localization domains.
Theory of the electronic structure of alternatingMgB2and graphene layered structures (2008)

Structures for realizing hole-doped $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}$ without appealing to chemical substitutions are proposed. These structures that consist of alternating $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}$ and graphene layers have small excess energy compared to bulk graphite and $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}$. Density functional theory based first-principles electronic structure calculations show significant charge transfer from the $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}$ layer to graphene, resulting in effectively hole-doped $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}$ and electron-doped graphene. Substantial enhancement in the density of states at the Fermi level and significant in-plane lattice expansion of the proposed structures are predicted. These structures combines three important factors, namely, hole doping, high density of states at the Fermi level, and in-plane lattice expansion, that are favorable for a strong electron-phonon coupling.
Radiofrequency Ablation (2011)

Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. However, some patients are not surgical candidates because of medical problems. Therefore, alternative therapies are considered in these medically inoperable patients. Radiofrequency ablation has been used clinically for more than 12 years, with many studies reporting its safety and efficacy. Because there are no large prospective clinical trials comparing the efficacy and long-term survival of the different treatment modalities, the choice of therapy is often based on a combination of tumor location, available technology and expertise, and patient preference. Here we review the principles, procedure, follow up, and clinical outcomes published to date on radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Hepatitis B Virus MHBs Antigen Is Selectively Sensitive to Glucosidase-Mediated Processing in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2001)

Previous studies have shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV) secretion from HepG 2.2.15 cells is prevented by inhibitors of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glucosidase under conditions where secretion of cellular glycoproteins are not detectably affected. The 2.2.15 cells are derived from HepG2 and contain intact dimers of the viral genome. They produce and secrete infectious HBV. The secretion of the viral envelope polypeptide, MHBs, was selectively and quantitatively reduced from 2.2.15 cells in which glucosidase was inhibited, whereas the envelope polypeptide, SHBs, was relatively insensitive, being as resistant as were most host glycoproteins. Because 2.2.15 cells express all HBV ORFs, it seemed possible that the sensitivity of MHBs secretion involved its interaction with the viral nucleocapsid or other viral gene products. The work reported here showed that MHBs secretion from HepG2 cells transfected with a plasmid that expresses only the MHBs polypeptide was as sensitive to glucosidase inhibitors as it was from 2.2.15 cells. These data show that the sensitivity of the MHBs polypeptide secretion to glucosidase inhibitors is entirely encrypted within its structural gene. The reasons the MHBs polypeptide, but not SHBs, is so sensitive to glucosidase processing are discussed.
Tracking of dismounts moving in cross-range using GMTI radar (2010)

The detection of dismounts has a variety of applications, such as tracking remotely for battlefield awareness or at check-points. In this paper we describe the sensitivity of ground moving target indication (GMTI) radar as a dismount moves in cross-range, where the radial velocity is difficult to detect but the micro-Doppler of moving dismounts makes feasible. GMTI target detections are used as a subject moves perpendicular to the beam of the radar. These measurements are compared to vehicular and animal measurements which have minimal micro-Doppler and are much more difficult to detect in their cross-range motion. Ground truth is gathered using video to validate the radar data. We find a detection probability on dismounts in excess of 85% with a low false positive rate of 2%.
INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION OF LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAYS BY AMPLITUDE-ONLY CONTROL USING A BACTERIAL FORAGING ALGORITHM (2007)

This paper presents a bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) for null steering of linear antenna arrays by controlling only the element amplitudes. The BFA is a new evolutionary computing technique based on the foraging behavior of Escherichia (E.) coli bacteria in human intestine. To show the accuracy and flexibility of the proposed BFA, several examples of Chebyshev array pattern with the imposed single, multiple and broad nulls are given. It is found that the nulling method based on BFA is capable of steering the array nulls precisely to the undesired interference directions.
Choline: High-Affinity Uptake by Rat Brain Synaptosomes (1972)

Synaptosomes from rat brain accumulate choline by two kinetically distinct processes, a high-affinity uptake system [Michaelis constant (K(m)) = 1 x 10(-6)M], and a low-affinity system (K(m) = 9 x 10(-5)M). The high-affinity uptake system requires sodium, and is associated with considerable formation of acetylcholine. The low-affinity uptake system is less dependent on sodium, and does not appear to be associated with a marked degree of acetylcholine formation. The high-affinity choline uptake appears to represent selective choline accumulation by cholinergic neurons.
Production and characterisation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to different regions of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr): Detection of immunologically related proteins (1995)

We have raised mouse monoclonal antibodies to eight synthetic peptides corresponding to different regions of the human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and rabbit polyclonal antisera to beta-galactosidase fusion proteins which encompass three different regions of CFTR. Immunoblot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and immunocytochemical experiments demonstrate that, in addition to recognising CFTR, these antibodies recognise one or more immunologically related proteins with a similar molecular mass, calcium responsiveness and tissue distribution to CFTR.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SMOKING HABITS, SMOKING-ASSOCIIATEB HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES, AND URDNARY BENZENE METABOLITES (1997)

It has been suggested that benzene metabolites might be good indicators of smoking. Moreover, benzene could stimulate the neutrophil lineage while depressing the lymphocytic and erythroid lineages, possibly by an interference with cytokines. The effect on the neutrophil lineage could explain the smokers' leukocytosis, the mechanism of which is presently unknown. Therefore, the usefulness of benzene metabolites as indicators of smoking was compared to that of cotinine and thiocyanate, and the relationships between benzene metabolites, the hematological parameters of smokers, and interleukin 1 alpha production were examined. The results show that benzene metabolites are not better indicators of smoking status than cotinine or thiocyanate. Furthermore, it seems unlikely that the smokers' leukocytosis is benzene induced.
Identification of Small‐Molecule Modulators of Diguanylate Cyclase by FRET‐Based High‐Throughput Screening (2018)

The bacterial second messenger cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a key regulator of cellular motility, the cell cycle, and biofilm formation with its resultant antibiotic tolerance, which can make chronic infections difficult to treat. Therefore, diguanylate cyclases, which regulate the spatiotemporal production of c-di-GMP, might be attractive drug targets for control of biofilm formation that is part of chronic infections. We present a FRET-based biochemical high-throughput screening approach coupled with detailed structure-activity studies to identify synthetic small-molecule modulators of the diguanylate cyclase DgcA from Caulobacter crescentus. We identified a set of seven small molecules that regulate DgcA enzymatic activity in the low-micromolar range. Subsequent structure-activity studies on selected scaffolds revealed a remarkable diversity of modulatory behavior, including slight chemical substitutions that reverse the effects from allosteric enzyme inhibition to activation. The compounds identified represent new chemotypes and are potentially developable into chemical genetic tools for the dissection of c-di-GMP signaling networks and alteration of c-di-GMP-associated phenotypes. In sum, our studies underline the importance of detailed mechanism-of-action studies for inhibitors of c-di-GMP signaling and demonstrate the complex interplay between synthetic small molecules and the regulatory mechanisms that control the activity of diguanylate cyclases.
The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Anthropometric Growth and Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with developmental delay, obesity, and neuropsychiatric comorbidities. <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> has demonstrated anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects in previous studies. <b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the effects of <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> probiotics supplementation on anthropometric growth, behavioral symptoms, and gut microbiome composition in patients with PWS. <b>Methods:</b> Ethical Approval was issued by the Internal Review Board (IRB) of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Review-YJ-2016-06). We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 68 patients with Prader-Willi syndrome aged 11 months-16 years (mean = 4.2 years old) who were randomly assigned to receive daily <i>B. lactis</i>-11 probiotics (6 × 10<sup>10</sup> CFUs) or a placebo sachet. Weight, height, ASQ-3, ABC, SRS-2, and CGI-I were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks into treatment. Gut microbiome data were analyzed with the QIIME 2 software package, and functional gene analysis was conducted with PICRUSt-2. <b>Results:</b> We found a significant increase in height (mean difference = 2.68 cm, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and improvement in CGI-I (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in the probiotics group compared to the placebo group. No significant change in weight or psychological measures were observed. Probiotic treatment altered the microbiome composition to favor weight loss and gut health and increased the abundance of antioxidant production-related genes. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest a novel therapeutic potential for <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> probiotics in Prader-Willi syndrome patients, although further investigation is warranted.
Characterization of Albunex® (1990)

Albunex® is an ultrasound contrast agent prepared by sonicating 5% human serum albumin to produce stable, air-filled, albumin microspheres. It is an effective ultrasound contrast agent for use with echocardiography and other ultrasound radiology procedures. The characteristics of Albunex that are responsible for the clinically observed high echogenicity of Albunex are discussed. Albunex is composed of a high concentration of noncoalescing microspheres (400–500 μ/nℓ) with a mean diameter of ≈4 μm and a shell thickness of 30–50 nm, as determined by particle analysis, light microscopy, and electron microscopy. Attenuation and backscatter measurements as a function of ultrasonic frequency and amplitude are reported for varying concentration and size distributions of Albunex.
Heterostructured Cu2O/CuO decorated with nickel as a highly efficient photocathode for photoelectrochemical water reduction (2015)

The energy band structure of Cu<sub>2</sub>O, Cu<sub>2</sub>O/CuO and Cu<sub>2</sub>O/CuO/Ni.
The Influence of Temperature and pH on the EAC Behavior of the UNS() S32304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel (2014)

Abstract Depending on the experimental conditions (composition, microstructure, stress, temperature, pH, chloride content, H2S partial pressure …) Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) may suffer from uniform corrosion and/or from local corrosion processes that involve the selective dissolution of the ferritic phase or the austenitic phase. Coupled with mechanical stress, these various corrosion phenomena can generate Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) or Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC). The intent of this paper is first to delimit domains of susceptibility corresponding to these two different forms of Environmentally Assisted Cracking (EAC) and second to discuss the parameters affecting the transition from SSC to SCC.
한국인의 대사증후군에 대한 생활습관 요인의 영향 (2012)

The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of lifestyle factors on metabolic syndrome (MS) among Korean adults (age≥20). Methods: A total of 7,798 subjects (weighted subjects=37,215,961) were recruited from the 2009 Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-3). Data were analyzed by t-test, x2-test, and logistic regression in consideration of strata, cluster and weight as national data using the SAS 9.1 program. Results: The prevalence of MS by definition of AHA/NHLBI and waist circumference cutoff points for Koreans was 22.4%. The mean clinical MS score for MS patients was 3.4, but the mean score for the non-MS group was 1.2 out of 5.0. Among the lifestyle factors, smoking (OR=1.024), stress (0.546≤OR≤0.587) and drinking (OR=1.005) had significant influence on the MS risk and MS scores, but exercise did not. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that further research is necessary on the effect of lifestyle factors on MS risk and nurses should focus on effective programs about smoking, stress and drinking for the prevention and reduction of MS risk.