gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum oscillations in graphene in the presence of disorder and interactions (2008)

Quantum oscillations in graphene are discussed. The effect of interactions are addressed by Kohn's theorem regarding de Haas--van Alphen oscillations, which states that electron-electron interactions cannot affect the oscillation frequencies as long as disorder is neglected and the system is sufficiently screened, which should be valid for chemical potentials not very close to the Dirac point. We determine the positions of Landau levels in the presence of potential disorder from exact transfer matrix and finite-size diagonalization calculations. The positions are shown to be unshifted even for moderate disorder; stronger disorder, can, however, lead to shifts, but this also appears minimal even for disorder width as large as one half of the bare hopping matrix element on the graphene lattice. Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations of the conductivity are calculated analytically within a self-consistent Born approximation of impurity scattering. The oscillatory part of the conductivity follows the widely invoked Lifshitz-Kosevich form when certain mass and frequency parameters are properly interpreted.
Assessment of Endothelial Function (2015)

In 1986, endothelial function was measured for the first time in patients with atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Since then, several methods for assessment of endothelial function, such as endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by intra-arterial infusion of vasoactive agents using coronary angiography, Doppler flow guide wire, mercury-filled Silastic strain-gauge plethysmography, flow-mediated vasodilation, reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry, and vascular response using an oscillometric method have been performed in humans. This review focuses on the assessment of endothelial function, including measurement history, methodological issues, and clinical perspectives.
Characterization of the AEOS Adaptive Optics System (2002)

The adaptive optics system of the 3.63 m AEOS telescope has a 941 actuator deformable mirror and is designed to work at visible wavelengths. It is one of the highest order operational adaptive optics systems. This paper details the design and performance of the system, including the Strehl ratio as a function of magnitude and the Strehl ratio as a function of the FWHM of the image. Sample images are also shown.
Inhibition of brain tumor growth by intravenous poly(β- l -malic acid) nanobioconjugate with pH-dependent drug release (2010)

Effective treatment of brain neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, or tumors should be possible with drug delivery through blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-brain tumor barrier (BTB) and targeting specific types of brain cells with drug release into the cell cytoplasm. A polymeric nanobioconjugate drug based on biodegradable, nontoxic, and nonimmunogenic polymalic acid as a universal delivery nanoplatform was used for design and synthesis of nanomedicine drug for i.v. treatment of brain tumors. The polymeric drug passes through the BTB and tumor cell membrane using tandem monoclonal antibodies targeting the BTB and tumor cells. The next step for polymeric drug action was inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by specifically blocking the synthesis of a tumor neovascular trimer protein, laminin-411, by attached antisense oligonucleotides (AONs). The AONs were released into the target cell cytoplasm via pH-activated trileucine, an endosomal escape moiety. Drug delivery to the brain tumor and the release mechanism were both studied for this nanobiopolymer. Introduction of a trileucine endosome escape unit resulted in significantly increased AON delivery to tumor cells, inhibition of laminin-411 synthesis in vitro and in vivo, specific accumulation in brain tumors, and suppression of intracranial glioma growth compared with pH-independent leucine ester. The availability of a systemically active polymeric drug delivery system that passes through the BTB, targets tumor cells, and inhibits glioma growth gives hope for a successful strategy of glioma treatment. This delivery system with drug release into the brain-specific cell type could be useful for treatment of various brain pathologies.
Oligonucleotides with a nuclease-resistant sulfur-based linkage (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligonucleotides with a nuclease-resistant sulfur-based linkageEdward M. Huie, Mindy R. Kirshenbaum, and George L. TrainorCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 17, 4569–4570Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00043a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00043a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views303Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Facetted hollow silica vesicles made by templating catanionic surfactant vesicles (2003)

Large facetted hollow silica vesicles were synthesized by directed growth of silica on equilibrium icosahedrally facetted catanionic vesicles, made from cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide/myristic acid surfactant bilayers. Three critical parameters were identified: (i) the surface charge of the vesicles; (ii) the rate of silica deposition by tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) hydrolysis and (iii) the rate of concomitant ethanol production. All three factors are pH-dependent. Thus, depending on the reaction pH and TEOS concentration, the silica vesicles have been shown to be either facetted, rounded or damaged, in a process controlled by the template.
Generation of Sub-50-fs Pulses in the Near Infrared by Optical Parametric Amplifiers Based on BIBO Crystals (2012)

800-nm pumped BIBO OPAs using Type-I and Type-II phase-matching are investigated and compared for achieving sub-50-fs pulses in the NIR. The OPAs achieve their shortest pulse durations of 19.8fs and 41.3fs, respectively, at 1.8µm.
ADMM decoding on trapping sets (2015)

Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) decoding is a new decoding framework for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. It can be used to implement linear programming (LP) decoding or penalized LP decoding. Similar to belief propagation (BP) decoding, ADMM decoding consists of local “check” and “variable updates”. However, ADMM decoding performs better than BP at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). To understand why these two locally operating algorithms result in different error floor behaviors, we study the dynamics of ADMM decoding in this paper. In particular, we focus on trapping sets, which are observed to cause error floors in ADMM decoding. Our results show that the dynamics of ADMM decoding on trapping sets can be characterized as a jump linear system. Furthermore, these results indicate that the Lagrange multipliers involved in ADMM play an important role in correcting trapping set errors. Finally, we present simulation results that support this understanding.
The WSR-88D and the WSR-88D Operational Support Facility (1993)

The Weather Surveillance Radar—1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) System is the product of the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program, a joint effort of the U.S. Departments of Commerce, Defense, and Transportation. WSR-88D Systems meet the common needs of the three agencies and are being installed across the United States and at selected overseas sites. These systems provide Doppler capabilities, increased receiver sensitivity, and real-time display of base and derived products that will enable forecasters to improve the detection of and give greater advanced warning of severe weather events. Many nonsevere weather and hydrological applications are also expected. WSR-88D Systems will be modified and enhanced during their operational life to meet changing requirements, technological advancements, and improved understanding of the application of these systems to real-time operations. The NEXRAD agencies established the Operational Support Facility (OSF) to provide centralized WSR-88D operator training and software, maintenance, and engineering support. This paper provides an overview of the NEXRAD program, the WSR-88D System, and the role of the OSF in supporting the WSR-88D and its users. Examples of some of the products are also presented.
Study of Cloud Computing Security Based on Private Face Recognition (2010)

Supporting study of a method to solve cloud computing security issue with private face recognition. The method has three parts: user part provides face images; cloud initialization part has a face subspace and templates database; cloud private matching identification part contains the core algorithm of the method, comparing two encrypted numbers under double-encrypted conditions. The experimental results show the method can ensure that cloud neither know user's real face data, nor the face private matching identification result, to make user's face data secure, we develop a credible, efficient, low-complex method to guarantee cloud computing security.
Conducting Polypyrrole-Silica Glass Composite Films Prepared by Electrochemical Polymerization (1996)

The electrochemical behavior of the exchange process for dopant anions in polypyrrole (PPy)-silica glass composite film in acetonitrile solution was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry. This film can be simply prepared by carrying out the electrochemical polymerization of PPy simultaneously with the synthesis of silica glass by means of sol-gel processing. It was found that dopant anions in the PPy-silica glass composite film could be exchanged relatively easily with electrolyte anions in acetonitrile solution by potential sweeping. However, dopant anions in the PPy film could not be easily exchanged in acetonitrile solution. Application of this new type of PPy-silica glass composite film to the ionic sensor which responds to specific ions has also been proposed.
OCNN: Point Cloud-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Object Orientation Estimation (2019)

Convolutional neural networks for pose estimation based on 2D images are severely affected by imaging quality, illumination changes and occlusion, which greatly reduces their reliability and robustness in cluttered scenes. Hence a point cloud based convolutional neural network for orientation estimation(OCNN) is proposed in this paper. With the network, the 3D orientation is estimated by regressing to the rotation matrix. An orthogonality metric loss is introduced to normalize the output rotation matrix. For objects with rotational symmetry, an algorithm for estimating the plane of symmetry and cutting the object is introduced to eliminate orientation ambiguity. Experimental results on LineMOD dataset indicate the accuracy of the angular error below 5° is 94.1%. Combined with advanced point cloud registration algorithms, the network has the potential for real-time orientation estimation.
Polarizer-free light steering using dual-frequency cholesteric texture liquid crystal mode (2018)

Fast and quasi polarization independent optical beam deflectors are reported based on the combination of dual-frequency cholesteric liquid crystal (DFCh-LC) and polymer micro gratings. Both the planar and the homeotropic state exhibit low polarization dependence and the response time is acceptable.
Folding Mechanism of the Triple Helix in Type‐III Collagen and Type‐III pN–Collagen (1980)

The kinetics of triple-helix formation in type III pN-collagen, type III collagen and a quarter fragment of type III collagen was followed by optical rotation and circular dichroism. Kinetic intermediates were detected by trypsin digestion and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The end products of refolding at 25 degrees C were identical to the native molecules according to their melting profiles, molecular weights and sedimentation behavior. Only at low temperatures (4-15 degrees C) were mismatched structures of lower stability formed. At 25 degrees C helix formation started exclusively at the set of three disulfide bridges which link the three chains at the carboxy-terminal end. The growth of the triple helix proceeds from this single nucleus at a rather uniform rate in a zipper-like fashion. This gives rise to zero-order kinetics over a large fraction of the conversion. Consequently the time of half conversion is proportional to the length of the molecule. From the appearance and disappearance of intermediates the growth of the triple helix could be observed directly. The rate of helix propagation is determined by the rate of cis leads to trans isomerization of peptide bonds. A model mechanism was devloped which quantitatively described the overall kinetics as well as the time course of the intermediates with a single set of parameters: the rate constant of cis leads to trans isomerization k = 0.015 s-1 and an average number of 30 tripeptide units in uninterrupted stretches of residues with all peptide bonds in trans configuration.
Organic Hourglass Inclusions: A Review of Past and Recent Work and a Student Experiment (1994)

Discussion of the history and utility of organic hourglass inclusions and a recipe for synthesizing a particular system (K2SO4 containing acid fuchsin), the quantification of the dye content, and the observation of its dichroism.
Analysis of Unconfined Compressive Strength of Rammed Earth Mixes Based on Artificial Neural Network and Statistical Analysis (2022)

Earth materials have been used in construction as safe, healthy and environmentally sustainable. It is often challenging to develop an optimum soil mix because of the significant variations in soil properties from one soil to another. The current study analyzed the soil properties, including the grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, etc., using multilinear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). Data collected from previous studies (i.e., 488 cases) for stabilized (with either cement or lime) and unstabilized soils were considered and analyzed. Missing data were estimated by correlations reported in previous studies. Then, different ANNs were designed (trained and validated) using Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithms. Using the MLR, several models were developed to estimate the compressive strength of both unstabilized and stabilized soils with a Pearson Coefficient of Correlation (R<sup>2</sup>) equal to 0.2227 and 0.766, respectively. On the other hand, developed ANNs gave a higher value for R<sup>2</sup> than MLR (with the highest value achieved at 0.9883). Thereafter, an experimental program was carried out to validate the results achieved in this study. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was carried out using the resulting networks to assess the effect of different soil properties on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Moreover, suitable recommendations for earth materials mixes were presented.
The Threshold Concepts of Writing Studies in the Writing Methods Course (2019)

I argue that the threshold concepts of writing studies enable preservice writing teachers to meet several goals for the writing methods course: comprehending composition theory, understanding themselves as writers, and developing effective pedagogical practices. After introducing these concepts, I first outline how they—because they define writing as a subject of study and as an activity—bridge theoretical knowledge, pedagogical application, and personal writing practices. Second, I quote from my own students to illustrate the ways in which threshold concepts help preservice teachers reflect on their own writing practices and become thoughtful, theoretically informed teachers.
ZotCare: A Flexible, Personalizable, and Affordable mHealth Service Provider (2023)

The proliferation of Internet-connected health devices and the widespread availability of mobile connectivity have resulted in a wealth of reliable digital health data and the potential for delivering just-in-time interventions. However, leveraging these opportunities for health research requires the development and deployment of mobile health (mHealth) applications, which present significant technical challenges for researchers. While existing mHealth solutions have made progress in addressing some of these challenges, they often fall short in terms of time-to-use, affordability, and flexibility for personalization and adaptation. ZotCare aims to address these limitations by offering ready-to-use and flexible services, providing researchers with an accessible, cost-effective, and adaptable solution for their mHealth studies. This article focuses on ZotCare's service orchestration and highlights its capabilities in creating a programmable environment for mHealth research. Additionally, we showcase several successful research use cases that have utilized ZotCare, both in the past and in ongoing projects. Furthermore, we provide resources and information for researchers who are considering ZotCare as their mHealth research solution.
Current Sensing (1978)

In almost every physical phenomenon that can be defined by electrical parameters, there is more intelligence in current than in voltage measurements. Lacking technology in non-contact current sensing, historical developments have resulted in instruments and accessories for current measurement that require insertion in the circuit and are often difficult, dangerous and circuit-degrading in their application. Because of these drawbacks, less desirable voltage-drop circuit analysis has become wide-spread. Advantages and disadvantages of present technology are investigated and compared to recent developments in current sensing, utilizing Hall-effect devices which offer safe, accurate, reliable and non-contacting measurement of ac, dc and composite currents.
Mannose 6–Phosphate Receptors Are Sorted from Immature Secretory Granules via Adaptor Protein AP-1, Clathrin, and Syntaxin 6–positive Vesicles (1998)

The occurrence of clathrin-coated buds on immature granules (IGs) of the regulated secretory pathway suggests that specific transmembrane proteins are sorted into these buds through interaction with cytosolic adaptor proteins. By quantitative immunoelectron microscopy of rat endocrine pancreatic beta cells and exocrine parotid and pancreatic cells, we show for the first time that the mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs) for lysosomal enzyme sorting colocalize with the AP-1 adaptor in clathrin-coated buds on IGs. Furthermore, the concentrations of both MPR and AP-1 decline by approximately 90% as the granules mature. Concomitantly, in exocrine secretory cells lysosomal proenzymes enter and then are sorted out of IGs, just as was previously observed in beta cells (Kuliawat, R., J. Klumperman, T. Ludwig, and P. Arvan. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 137:595-608). The exit of MPRs in AP-1/clathrin-coated buds is selective, indicated by the fact that the membrane protein phogrin is not removed from maturing granules. We have also made the first observation of a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor, syntaxin 6, which has been implicated in clathrin-coated vesicle trafficking from the TGN to endosomes (Bock, J.B., J. Klumperman, S. Davanger, and R.H. Scheller. 1997. Mol. Biol. Cell. 8:1261-1271) that enters and then exits the regulated secretory pathway during granule maturation. Thus, we hypothesize that during secretory granule maturation, MPR-ligand complexes and syntaxin 6 are removed from IGs by AP-1/clathrin-coated vesicles, and then delivered to endosomes.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophile Mediated Heteroatom Cyclizations onto C‐C π‐Bonds. Part 2. Metal Ion Mediated Cyclization (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
7.P.26 SYSTEMIC INFECTION BY MYCOBACTERIUM XENOPI MIMICKING MULTIPLE PULMONARY METASTASES OF AN OSTEOBLASTIC OSTEOSARCOMA (2010)

We report on a patient with an unusual pulmonary infection after resection of a high-grade osteosarcoma. In March 2007 a 30-year old female with pain and swelling of the left proximal humerus was submitted to the orthopaedic department. Rx and CT revealed a tumour with destruction and invasion of the surrounding soft tissue. Incision biopsy led to the diagnosis of osteoblastic osteosarcoma. She was enrolled into the EURAMOS protocol and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In July 2007 an extra-articular resection of the proximal humerus with modular endoprosthetic replacement was performed. The sarcoma had responded well to chemotherapy (regression grade 3 according to Salzer-Kunts-chik). Surprisingly, the resection specimen demonstrated a “skip lesion” of vital sarcoma in the resection line not been detected by preoperative PET or MRT. After consultation of the German study group she was stratified into the standard risk group. 12 months later a control CT revealed multiple foci in both lungs, which were highly suspicious for pulmonary metastases. All clinical parameters were normal. A lung biopsy was performed by thoracotomy and a granulomatous infection was diagnosed, which was suspicious for tuberculosis. Extended microbiological investigations by culture and PCR analysis revealed an infection by Myco-bacterium Xenopi, which is a rare form of an atypical mycobacteriosis. Since then she is treated accordingly, however the infection has progressed and involvement of the liver has been diagnosed by cutting needle biopsy.
ANALYSIS OF ROBUST MILTIUSER DETECTION TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (2015)

Today, in this information-hungry society, Internet traffic such as multimedia streaming applications is driving the demand for high speed data packet wireless services. Multiple access interference (MAI) limits the capacity of Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) systems. Multiuser detection is an approach which uses filters for the optimization. However, the main drawback of the optimal multiuser detection is one of complexity so that suboptimal approaches are being sought. Much of the present research is aimed at finding an appropriate trade off between complexity and performance. These suboptimal techniques have linear and non-linear algorithms. The use of multiple transmit and receive antennas has been proposed for the fourth generation code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless cellular networks in order to meet these demands. Receivers proposed for such systems thus far have been based on the assumption that perfect knowledge of the channel state information is available. Multiuser detection is an approach which uses filters for the optimization. In this work, the non-linear approach for multi user detection is applied. The grouping based on signal strength is applied on successive interference cancellation scheme. The BER is improved compared to SIC scheme.