gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tutorial 2: Developing Virtual Reality applications with the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) (2017)

The aim of this tutorial is to provide an introduction to the recent features added to the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) that now allows for rendering in external immersive environment. An introduction to VTK will be given in order to explain the basics and how to create visualization applications, followed by a description of modules allowing you to take your application into virtual reality (VR). The last part of the tutorial will focus on interactions by presenting different ways to interact in a VR environment using the VTK pipeline. The aim is for attendees to be able to build their first application in VR using VTK. They will get strong knowledge on a cross-platform, open-source and freely available system software. By taking more people into the VTK-VR loop, we hope to make mixed and augmented reality benefit more from VTK's advanced visualization, processing and modeling techniques, such as volume rendering or point cloud visualization.
Inhomogeneous carbon bonding in hydrogenated amorphous carbon films (1987)

Hard-carbon films prepared by the rf-plasma decomposition of acetylene have been investigated by high-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the H(15Nα,γ)C nuclear resonant reaction. It was found that the ratio of sp2:sp3 bound carbon was 1.6, and that virtually all sp3 carbon atoms are, in fact, bound to one or more hydrogen atoms. Bulk layers contain about 40% hydrogen; however, results of the measurements of the hydrogen concentration, as well as those of XPS, confirm that the composition and properties of these carbon films are a strong function of their distance from the initial growth interface, and are spatially varying over the first 40 nm.
Microwave Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Nano Lanthanide (Ce, Pr, and Nd) Orthovanadates (2008)

Lanthanide orthovanadates, CeVO4, PrVO4, and NdVO4, of nanodimensions were synthesized under microwave exposure, and the photocatalytic activities of these compounds were investigated. These compounds exhibit a tetragonal zircon structure, crystallizing in the space group I41/amd with a = 7.3733(4) and c = 6.4909(4) Å with Z = 4. The crystal structure was analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, and the band gap was analyzed by UV−visible spectroscopy. Particle sizes were in the range of 25−30 nm, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. While the energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicates the formation of LnVO4, thermal analysis of these solids shows stability of the phase up to 1000 °C. The photocatalytic activity of all these orthovanadates has been investigated by degrading various dyes like methylene blue (MB), Orange G (OG), Rhodamine B (RB), Rhodamine Blue (RBL), and Remazol brilliant blue (RBBR) under UV irradiation. Further, these compounds were also used to degrade organic pollutants like phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol. The degradation rates of dyes and organics in presence of microwave-synthesized orthovanadates are higher compared to that observed with orthovanadates synthesized by the solid state technique. The microwave-synthesized orthovandates also show chloro-specificity, with the rate of degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol significantly higher than that observed in presence of Degussa P-25 titania.
Les peptides de syntheses : chimie et applications en biologie moleculaire etdans l'etude des maladies virales et autoimmunes (1989)

Le peptide de synthese est devenu, ces dernieres annees, un reactif couramment utilise dans les laboratoires d'immunochimie. La premiere partie de la these est centree sur la chimie de la synthese peptidique en phase solide. Nous y presentons une revue generale sur les strategies boc et fmoc, une nouvelle voie de synthese des bras pam ainsi qu'une methode generale pour la synthese de peptides cycliques sur support solide. La deuxieme partie traite des applications des peptides en biologie moleculaire et dans l'etude des maladies virales et autoimmunes. Ainsi, la structure antigenique de l'histoire h2a a ete realisee avec des peptides lineaires et la specificite fine d'anticorps monoclonaux diriges contre l'histone h4 triacetylee a ete determinee a l'aide d'un peptide modifie. Des peptides branches, susceptibles de servir a la mise au point d'un test de diagnostic du lupus erythmateux dissemine, sont decrits. Des peptides cycliques de conformation restreinte correspondant au site a de l'hemagglutinine ont ete synthetises et des experiences, realisees in vitro, ont montre que ces peptides etaient capables d'induire des taux de protection allant jusqu'a 80% sur des souris infectees par le virus de la grippe
Phylogenomics of Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera) using transcriptomes: examining controversial relationships via degeneracy coding and interrogation of gene conflict (2019)

Abstract The hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha is a highly diverse, ecologically and agriculturally important group of primarily phytophagous insects which has been a source of phylogenetic contention for many years. Here, we have used transcriptome sequencing to assemble 2139 orthologues from 84 auchenorrhynchan species representing 27 families; this is the largest and most taxonomically comprehensive phylogenetic dataset for this group to date. We used both maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent analyses to reconstruct the evolutionary history in this group using amino acid, nucleotide, and degeneracy‐coded nucleotide orthologue data. Although many relationships at the superfamily level were consistent between analyses, several differing, highly supported topologies were recovered using different datasets and reconstruction methods, most notably the differential placement of Cercopoidea as sister to either Cicadoidea or Membracoidea. To further interrogate the recovered topologies, we explored the contribution of genes as partitioned by third‐codon‐position guanine‐cytosine (GC) content and heterogeneity. We found consistent support for several relationships, including Cercopoidea + Cicadoidea, most often in genes that would be expected to be enriched for the true species tree if recombination‐based dynamics in GC content have contributed to the observed GC heterogeneity. Our results provide a generally well‐supported framework for future studies of auchenorrhynchan phylogeny and suggest that transcriptome sequencing is likely to be a fruitful source of phylogenetic data for resolving its clades. However, we caution that future work should account for the potential effects of GC content heterogeneity on relationships recovered in this group.
A rapid differential display analysis of nasal swab fingerprints to distinguish allergic from non‐allergic rhinitis subjects by mesoporous silica particles and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry (2016)

Discriminating different rhinitis cases can sometimes be difficult as the diagnostic criteria used to identify the various subgroups are not always unambiguous. The nasal fluid (NF) highly reflects the pathophysiology of these inflammatory diseases. However, its collection, as nasal lavage fluid, may cause discomfort. Due to the non-invasiveness and rapidity of collection, nasal swab might represent an alternative to overcome these problems and also an ideal source of biomarkers. In this study, we demonstrate that the combined use of mesoporous silica (MPS) with MALDI-TOF MS allows the rapid detection of differential nasal peptide profiles from nasal swabs of healthy (H), allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) subjects. NF peptides from nasal swabs were captured by the mean of MPS then profiled by MALDI-TOF MS. As a proof-of-principle, we also explored the ability of our platform to discriminate between nasal swabs of patients with AR and NAR, and between these groups and H controls. Four peaks resulted differentially expressed between NAR and AR, two peaks discriminated AR from H while one peak segregated NAR from H group. Therefore, peptides selected and enriched by our platform could form a part of a diagnostic ''rhinomic'' profile of the allergic and non-allergic patients.
Drug delivery systems (DDS) for oral antimicrobial therapy (2018)

抗菌薬の多くは注射薬により投与されている。しかし、注射薬は速やかに効果が出現する半面、急激な血中濃度の上昇により副作用が出たり、痛みを伴ったりするため、患者にとって最適の投与形態ではない。したがって、注射による投薬を経口に変更することによって、患者の負担を軽減することができる。内服DDS製剤の技術には、プロドラッグ化および分解酵素阻害剤の併用による薬物吸収改善技術と、徐放化システムおよび放出制御システムを用いた薬物放出制御技術が重要な項目となる。本稿では、バカンピシリンやアジスロマイシンなど感染症領域において実際に使用されている内服DDS製剤の特徴および現況について概説する。
Masked 2-Arylacroleins:  Versatile Three-Carbon Units for Organic Synthesis (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTMasked 2-Arylacroleins: Versatile Three-Carbon Units for Organic SynthesisAlan R. Katritzky, Dorin Toader, Christophe Chassaing, and Diana C. AslanView Author Information Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 16, 6080–6084Publication Date (Web):July 14, 1999Publication History Received22 December 1998Published online14 July 1999Published inissue 1 August 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo982493khttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo982493kbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Anions,Condensation,Reagents,Silicon Get e-Alerts
Network Coded Gossip with Correlated Data (2012)

We design and analyze gossip algorithms for networks with correlated data. In these networks, either the data to be distributed, the data already available at the nodes, or both, are correlated. This model is applicable for a variety of modern networks, such as sensor, peer-to-peer and content distribution networks. Although coding schemes for correlated data have been studied extensively, the focus has been on characterizing the rate region in static memory-free networks. In a gossip-based scheme, however, nodes communicate among each other by continuously exchanging packets according to some underlying communication model. The main figure of merit in this setting is the stopping time -- the time required until nodes can successfully decode. While Gossip schemes are practical, distributed and scalable, they have only been studied for uncorrelated data. We wish to close this gap by providing techniques to analyze network coded gossip in (dynamic) networks with correlated data. We give a clean framework for oblivious network models that applies to a multitude of network and communication scenarios, specify a general setting for distributed correlated data, and give tight bounds on the stopping times of network coded protocols in this wide range of scenarios.
슬관절의 대퇴골과 골연골 결손에 대한 자가 골연골 이식술 (2009)

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the outcomes of an autologous osteochondral graft (Mosaicplasty) for treating chondral defects of the femoral condyle and We assessed the factors affecting the clinical results. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 18 patients (19 cases) who underwent an autogenous osteochondral graft to treat a osteochondral defect in the femoral condyle from July 2000 to June 2006. The average age was 26.2 years old (age range: 16-48 years old). Among the patients, 17 cases were men. In 14 cases, the osteochondral defects were localized in the medial femoral condyle and only 5 cases showed a defect in the lateral femoral condyle. The average size of the osteochondral defects was 4.2 ㎠ (1-13 ㎠). The Lysholm knee scoring scale and the Tegner's activity score were applied for clinical evaluation. Further, we carried out simple X-ray for all the cases and we performed MRI in 5 cases for the radiological evaluation. Tthe factors affecting the clinical results were also analyzed and the complications were evaluated. Results: The average follow-up period was 22 months (range: 6-55 months). Eighten out of 19 cases (94.7%) were able to return to ordinary life. The Lysholm knee scoring scale and the Tegner's activity score indicated much better clinical results for small lesions and for young patients. For the radiological results, all the cases displayed a decrease in the size of radiolucent zones on the follow up X-ray. Among the 5 cases for which an MRI was performed, graft unions were observed in 3 cases, but 2 cases displayed continuous peri-graft edema. Any other complications involving the donor and recipient site were not observed. Conclusion: We conclude that autogenous osteochondral grafting is useful for specific patients depending on the size of the lesion and the patient's age. It is a valuable treatment option for osteochondral defects in the knee joint.
Extreme Beam-forming with Metagrating-assisted Planar Antennas (2021)

We present a highly efficient metagrating-assisted antenna (MGA) architecture with a simple integrated feed. Power from a localized line source is distributed optimally throughout the arbitrarily large antenna aperture with the help of a passive and lossless electromagnetic metagrating (MG). With appropriately designed meta-wire loading, the omnidirectional source field can be efficiently transformed into directive radiation. To aid the design process, a 2-dimensional volume-surface integral equation framework which accurately predicts the radiation pattern of the MGA is developed. Through constrained optimization, the directivity of the MGA in the desired direction is maximized. In this way, extreme-angle beam forming is demonstrated.
Detection of asymptomatic initial herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in animals immunized with subunit HSV glycoprotein vaccines (1990)

The evaluation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccine efficacy will require methods to detect asymptomatic acquisition of HSV infection and to assess the risk of recurrences in these patients. HSV-infected vaccinees should develop antibodies to HSV polypeptides not included in subunit vaccines. Sera from 57 HSV glycoprotein-vaccinated guinea pigs that had asymptomatic initial infections after genital HSV type 2 challenge were collected after vaccination but before HSV challenge and again 30 days after HSV challenge to determine the antibody response to HSV polypeptides. Antibodies to nonvaccine HSV polypeptides were detected in sera collected after viral challenge from 32 (56%) of these 57 animals. Twenty-six (81%) of the 32 animals with detectable antibody developed recurrent disease; however, recurrences also developed in 11 (44%) of the remaining 25 that did not show detectable antibody to nonvaccine HSV polypeptides. The magnitude of vaginal viral shedding during the initial disease period following challenge was significantly lower in animals that did not develop antibody to nonvaccine polypeptides compared with those that did develop antibody (area under the viral shedding curve, 5.2 +/- 3.2 versus 18.1 +/- 5.8; P less than 0.0001) . These data suggest that detection of antibody to nonvaccine HSV polypeptides will identify the majority (70%) of initially asymptomatic vaccinees that develop recurrent disease but that latency can be established even with markedly reduced levels of viral replication that did not induce a detectable antibody response.
Comparison of Effectiveness between Tension-Free Vaginal Tape (TVT) and Trans-Obturator Tape (TOT) in Patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence and Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency (2016)

TVT is more effective than TOT in treatment of female SUI with ISD.
Lysosomes as a Possible Target of Enniatin B-Induced Toxicity in Caco-2 Cells (2012)

Enniatins are cyclic hexadepsipeptidic mycotoxins with ionophoric, antibiotic, and insecticidal activity. Enniatin B (EnnB), the most important analogue, is produced by many Fusarium species and is a common contaminant in grain-based foods. The compound's cytotoxic potential has been shown in different experiments; however, the mode of action has not been detailed so far. In the present study, several mutually confirmative experiments have been performed indicating that EnnB-initiated cytotoxicity could be connected with lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Lysosomal functionality, as assessed by the Neutral Red assay, was already affected after 3 h of toxin exposure. After 24 h, cell proliferation was decreased, and there was indication for a cell cycle arrest in the G(2)/M phase leading to the initiation of apoptosis or necrosis. Intracellular ROS-production was observed. However, antioxidants did not alter the observed EnnB-induced loss of lysosomal functionality leading to the conclusion that ROS was not an initial factor but one produced later in the event cascade. The collected data suggested that lysosomal destabilization is an upstream event in EnnB-initiated cytotoxicity followed by a certain extent of translocation of cathepsins into the cytosol, which was observed using immunological and proteomic methods. It appeared that cell death induced by EnnB was delayed and occurred not as a massive lysosomal breakdown but was probably progressing and leading to partial and selective LMP, starting a nonapoptotic cell death pathway with morphological features that had been previously considered as necrotic. The molecular mechanism of EnnB-triggered lysosomal destabilization, and the cellular processes leading to mitochondrial permeabilization and cell death are still unknown. They may, however, be connected to the compound's ionophoric properties.
RAMAN SPECTROMETRIC STUDY OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF AQUEOUS TRI-AND TETRATHIONATE (1982)

Abstract The decomposition of 0.25 M trithionate and 0.5 M tetrathionate was followed at 20, 35, 50 and 70°C. During the reaction tri-and tetrathionate interconvert. Thiosulfate is observed as a prominent intermediate. The end products are elemental sulfur, sulfate, disulfite and bisulfite. The decomposition of trithionate follows a first order reaction with a rate constant of 1.4 × 10−1 at 70°C. In tetrathionate the reaction is preceded by an induction period and is second order, with a rate constant of 4 × 10−3 at 20°C. In both systems sulfate is formed in a first order reaction with a rate constant of 3.1 × 10−3 hrs−1 at 20°C. The decomposition mechanism in both systems involves the hydrolysis of trithionate.
Unobscured Aperture Stigmatic Telescopes (1974)

A large aperture diffraction limited off-axis optical system adaptable to duplexed transmitter and receiver operation has been designed. The system employs tilted stigmatic telescopes consisting of paraboloidal primary and secondary mirrors. The magnifications and tilts are selected to remove focal plane tilt.
Performance of LDPC Codes Under Noisy Message-Passing Decoding (2007)

In traditional communication theory, it is assumed that error correcting codes may be decoded with algorithms that perform perfectly. Noise, however, provides a fundamental limit to computation systems just as it does to communication systems. In this work, we investigate the effect of noise in message-passing decoders for low-density parity-check codes. We observe that the concentration of the performance of the decoder around its average performance continues to hold when noise is introduced into message-passing. Given the concentration result, density evolution equations for a simple noisy message-passing decoder are derived. Analytic computation of thresholds shows that performance degrades smoothly as decoder noise increases. Decoding is robust to noise in the decoder.
Optimal Transfection Conditions and the Safety Profiles of Dextran- Spermine/Plasmid DNA as a Potential Gene Transfer Vector to Mouse Airway (2010)

The purpose of this article was to examine the effect of equipment scaling, through the modification of tennis ball compression, on elite junior tennis players (aged 10 years) within a match-play context. The two types of ball compressions that were compared were the standard compression (the normal ball) and 75% compression (termed the modified ball). Ten boys and 10 girls participated in the study. Participants were stratified into pairs based on their Australian Age Ranking and gender. Each pair played two two-set matches: one match with standard compression balls and one match with modified balls. The characteristics of each match were analysed and compared. The results showed that the use of the modified ball increased rally speed, allowed players to strike the ball at a lower (more comfortable) height on their groundstrokes and increased the number of balls played at the net. Ball compression had no effect on the relative number of winners, forehands, backhands, first serves in and double faults. The results are discussed in relation to skill acquisition for skilled junior tennis players.
Correction to High Purcell Factor Due to Coupling of a Single Emitter to a Dielectric Slot Waveguide (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to High Purcell Factor Due to Coupling of a Single Emitter to a Dielectric Slot WaveguidePavel Kolchin, Nitipat Pholchai, Maiken H. Mikkelsen, Jinyong Oh, Sadao Ota, M. Saif Islam, Xiaobo Yin, and Xiang Zhang*View Author Information† NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), University of California, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesCite this: Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 4, 2763Publication Date (Web):March 12, 2015Publication History Published online12 March 2015Published inissue 8 April 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00900https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00900correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views812Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (105 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts