gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Acoustic Emission and Wear of Multi-Layer Ceramic Coated Carbide Tools (1997)

Acoustic emission (AE) was used to monitor the machining process and tool condition during turning of AISI 4340 steel with uncoated, two-layer (TiC/Al2O3) coated, and three-layer (TiC/Al2O3/TiN) coated cemented WC-Co tools. The experiments were performed at four different feedrates and constant cutting speed and depth of cut. The variation of the AE signal with cutting time is interpreted in light of the dominant mechanisms, rates, and patterns of wear and the contact friction conditions at the tool/workpiece and tool/chip interfaces. Correlations between intrinsic frequencies and AE sources are identified by examining the root-mean-square, dominant amplitude, type, and count rate of the AE signals. It is shown that AE frequencies in the range of 50–100 kHz are primarily due to plastic deformation in the near-surface tool regions and the primary, secondary, and tertiary shear zones of the workpiece, whereas cracking leading to coating delamination and WC grain pull-out generates frequencies in the range of 170–200 kHz. The tool life estimated from the root-meansquare of the AE signal is shown to be in good agreement with that determined from measurements of the maximum wearland width on the tool nose. The obtained results demonstrate that AE is an effective technique for in-process wear monitoring and wear mechanism identification of multi-layer ceramic coated tools.
Polycyclic organic matter and invasive breast cancer (2020)

p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'} Background: Emerging evidence suggests that environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), increase breast cancer risk. Polycyclic organic matter (PAHPOM) is a USEPA Environmental Quality Index (EQI) air domain factor, which includes PAHs and PAH-derivatives present in the atmosphere in particulate form. Sources include tobacco smoke, vehicle exhaust, residential heating, coal and tar burning, and grilling meat. Methods: Herein, we investigated associations between polycyclic organic matter exposure and invasive breast cancer. Breast cancer diagnoses were obtained from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (2009-2014), and county of residence at diagnosis was linked with the quartiled PAHPOM variable. We first constructed generalized linear models to assess county-level breast cancer incidence by stage in counties of high versus low PAHPOM exposure, adjusted for mammography screening rates, %African American, and %Smokers. Next, we constructed generalized estimating equations to evaluate the odds of individual patients having localized, regional, or distant invasive breast cancer versus non-invasive carcinoma in situ in counties of high versus low PAHPOM exposure, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, and race. We further evaluated the odds of patients having hormone receptor positive versus hormone receptor negative invasive breast cancer. All models were stratified by urbanicity. Results: High PAHPOM exposure was associated with increased total and localized breast cancer incidence (total estimate 22.36, 95% CI 6.77-37.95, p=0.006; localized estimate 12.43, 95% CI 3.36-21.5, p=0.008), as well as increased odds of having hormone receptor positive versus hormone receptor negative invasive breast cancer (OR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.08, p=0.0187) in urban counties. Conclusions: Our results suggest that high polycyclic aromatic compound exposure is associated not only with increased breast cancer incidence, but also increased odds of having hormone receptor positive invasive breast cancer, especially in urban areas.
Design of a sub-mW front-end amplifier for capacitive BCC receiver in 65 nm CMOS (2016)

A low power front-end fully differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) has been designed in 65 nm CMOS technology which is suitable to receive low data rates upto 300 kbps for capacitive body coupled communication (BCC) channel. The current shunt current mirror OTA topology has been utilized in open loop configuration in the context of digital baseband architecture on the receiver side. The simulated resuts show that OTA achieves unity gain bandwidth (UGBW) of 200 MHz, dc gain of 40 dB, phase margin of 45 degree and rms integrated noise of 130 μV between 10 kHz to 150 MHz for 1.5 pF load capacitance and power consumption of approximately 250 μW. The OTA achieves high CMRR and PSRR (due to positive supply) of more than 120 dB at 100 Hz.
A flash translation layer for huge-capacity flash memory storage systems (2008)

The capacity of flash-memory storage systems grows at a speed similar to many other storage systems. In order to properly manage the product cost, vendors face serious challenges in system designs. In this paper, an efficient flash translation layer is proposed with low memory requirements. The objective of the design is to provide efficient address mapping with low garbage collection overhead, provided that memory space requirement for the flash translation layer is properly managed. The capability of the design is evaluated over realistic workloads.
Low resistance and transparent Ag/AZO ohmic contact to p-GaN (2014)

Silver (Ag)/ aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films were deposited on p-GaN by using electronbeam evaporation. After the annealing process, current -voltage (I-V) measurements were carried out to determine the characteristic of the contacts. The Ag/AZO films annealed at 600 °C were found to present an ohmic contact behavior. The specific contact resistance was calculated to be 9.76 × 10−4 Ωcm2 and the transmittance was over 80% for visibly light. The atomic force microscope was used to measure the aggregation of Ag grains which may have been the main factor in the formation of the Ag/AZO ohmic contact to p-GaN.
MR assessment of the normal position of the spinal cord in the spinal canal. (1994)

Because there are variations of the dorsal cerebrospinal fluid layer among subjects by more than a factor of 2, and significant variations of the mediolateral position of the spinal cord, information on these parameters in patients will be essential for the optimal application of epidural spinal cord stimulation.
Keep Others from Peeking at Your Mobile Device Screen! (2019)

People use their mobile devices anywhere and anytime to run various apps, and the information shown on their device screens can be seen by nearby (unauthorized) parties, called shoulder surfers. To mitigate this privacy threat, we have developed HideScreen by utilizing the human vision and optical system properties to hide the users' on-screen information from the shoulder surfers.
Excitonics of semiconductor quantum dots and wires for lighting and displays (2013)

In the past two decades, semiconductor quantum dots and wires have developed into new, promising classes of materials for next-generation lighting and display systems due to their superior optical properties. In particular, exciton–exciton interactions through nonradiative energy transfer in hybrid systems of these quantum-confined structures have enabled exciting possibilities in light generation. This review focuses on the excitonics of such quantum dot and wire emitters, particularly transfer of the excitons in the complex media of the quantum dots and wires. Mastering excitonic interactions in low-dimensional systems is essential for the development of better light sources, e.g., high-efficiency, high-quality white-light generation; wide-range color tuning; and high-purity color generation. In addition, introducing plasmon coupling provides the ability to amplify emission in specially designed exciton–plasmon nanostructures and also to exceed the Förster limit in excitonic interactions. In this respect, new routes to control excitonic pathways are reviewed in this paper. The review further discusses research opportunities and challenges in the quantum dot and wire excitonics with a future outlook.
Joint assimilation of piezometric heads and groundwater temperatures for improved modeling of river-aquifer interactions (2014)

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is increasingly used to improve the real-time prediction of groundwater states and the estimation of uncertain hydraulic subsurface parameters through assimilation of measurement data like groundwater levels and concentration data. At the interface between surface water and groundwater, measured groundwater temperature data can provide an additional source of information for subsurface characterizations with EnKF. Additionally, an improved prediction of the temperature field itself is often desirable for groundwater management. In this work, we investigate the worth of a joint assimilation of hydraulic and thermal observation data on the state and parameter estimation with EnKF for two different model setups: (i) a simple synthetic model of a river-aquifer system where the parameters and simulation conditions were perfectly known and (ii) a model of the Limmat aquifer in Zurich (Switzerland) where an exhaustive set of real-world observations of groundwater levels (87) and temperatures (22) was available for assimilation (year 2007) and verification (year 2011). Results for the synthetic case suggest that a joint assimilation of piezometric heads and groundwater temperatures together with updating of uncertain hydraulic parameters gives the best estimation of states and hydraulic properties of the model. For the real-world case, the prediction of groundwater temperatures could also be improved through data assimilation with EnKF. For the validation period, it was found that parameter fields updated with piezometric heads reduced RMSE's of states significantly (heads −49%, temperature −15%), but an additional conditioning of parameters on groundwater temperatures only influenced the characterization of the temperature field.
Changes in global scale land use and its implications for nature conservation and emerging vector-borne diseases (2007)

The European nature has been subject to man’s impact for thousands of years, which led to major vegetation changes and, with it, major changes in the numerical abundance of wild animals. A number of these wild animals can be vectors of diseases, notably rodents, roe deer and lagomorphs and perhaps waterfowl and storks. The human population explosion of the 19th and 20th century led to a near-disappearance of wild nature and a near-eradication of the non-rodent vectors that can transfer diseases to people. Recently, nature is rebounding because in many parts of Europe land abandonment and depopulation of the countryside takes place, coupled to a strong nutrient deposition, yielding great and new possibilities for nature conservation. This leads to an increase in mammals and birds that depend on nutrient-rich conditions, possibly resulting in a strong built-up of tick populations that are the main vectors of diseases like Lyme disease or tick-borne encephalitis. Yet very little is known of the ecology of the mammals and birds that form an important linkage in the life cycle of the diseases. Such a lack of knowledge is irresponsible given the threat to human health and life.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW PROTECTING GROUP FOR PHENOLS: PHENYLTHIOMETHYL (PTM) ETHERS (1981)

Abstract Die neue Schutzgruppe wird durch Umsetzung der Phenole (I) mit dem Chlormethylthioether (II) eingeführt.
Alterations of gyrA, gyrB, and parC and Activity of Efflux Pump in Fluoroquinolone-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (2011)

These results suggest that triple mutations in clinical isolates of A baumannii contribute to the development of high levels of resistance to fluoroquinolones and that mutations in parC S80L or E84K (groups II and VII) may contribute to alterations in efflux pump activity in A baumannii.
Bioinspired Design and Assembly of Platelet Reinforced Polymer Films (2008)

Although strong and stiff human-made composites have long been developed, the microstructure of today's most advanced composites has yet to achieve the order and sophisticated hierarchy of hybrid materials built up by living organisms in nature. Clay-based nanocomposites with layered structure can reach notable stiffness and strength, but these properties are usually not accompanied by the ductility and flaw tolerance found in the structures generated by natural hybrid materials. By using principles found in natural composites, we showed that layered hybrid films combining high tensile strength and ductile behavior can be obtained through the bottom-up colloidal assembly of strong submicrometer-thick ceramic platelets within a ductile polymer matrix.
Effect of 3-[p-(trans-4-aminomethylcyclohexylcarbonyl)phenyl] propionic acid hydrochloride on gastric mucosa directly from the lumen. (1987)

The present experiments were designed to determine if the novel anti-ulcer drug 3-[p-(trans-4-aminomethylcyclohexylcarbonyl)phenyl]propionic acid hydrochloride (TEI-5103, TG-51), acts on the gastric mucosa directly from the lumen when given orally. TEI-5103 given orally (50-400 mg/kg) prevented the lesion formation induced by 0.1N HCl + 60% ethanol, but when given intraperitoneally (50-200 mg/kg) or intravenously (40 mg/kg), it did not prevent the formation of lesions. Indomethacin-induced gastric lesions were inhibited by oral administration of TEI-5103, but not by intraduodenal administration. In pylorus-ligated rats, TEI-5103 given intragastrically also inhibited the development of gastric lesions induced by HCl + ethanol. These results suggest that the presence of TEI-5103 in the stomach is necessary to elicit its anti-ulcer effect. In microautoradiographic examination, silver grains corresponding to [14C]-TEI-5103 distributed in the upper part of the mucosa (luminal side) at 0.5 to 4 h after the oral administration. However, when given intraduodenally or intravenously, this high concentration of [14C]-TEI-5103 was not observed in the stomach tissue. When given orally, the content of [14C]-TEI-5103 in rat stomach tissue was about 100 times higher than that in plasma and the time course of distribution was different from that seen in the gastric content. From these results, it seems that TEI-5103 distributes in the gastric mucosa directly from the lumen. In conclusion, TEI-5103, when given orally, distributes in the gastric mucosa as a target issue directly from the lumen; and only the oral and gastric route of administration lead to the anti-ulcer effect.
Acoustic and electromagnetic wave interaction: analytical formulation for acousto-electromagnetic scattering behavior of a dielectric cylinder (2001)

An analytical solution for the bistatic electromagnetic (EM) scattering from an acoustically excited vibrating dielectric circular cylinder is presented. The incident acoustic wave causes a boundary deformation as well as a dielectric inhomogeneity within the dielectric cylinder. First, a perturbation method is developed to calculate the EM scattering from a slightly deformed and inhomogeneous dielectric cylinder. Then, assuming the vibration frequency is much smaller than the frequency of the incident EM wave, a closed form expression for the time-frequency response of the bistatic scattered field is obtained. The solution for acoustic scattering from an elastic cylinder is applied to give the displacement on the surface as well as the compression and dilation within the cylinder. Both the surface displacement and the variation in material density (dielectric constant fluctuation) within the cylinder contribute to the Doppler component of the EM scattered field. Results indicate that the Doppler frequencies correspond to the mechanical vibration frequencies of the cylinder and that the Doppler components only become sizeable near frequencies corresponding to the natural modes of free vibration in the cylinder. These resonances depend only on the object properties and are independent of the surrounding medium. Thus, utilizing the information in the Doppler spectrum scattered by an acoustically excited object vibrating at resonance could provide a means for buried object identification.
Mössbauer, magnetic, and electronic-structure studies ofYFe12−xMoxcompounds (1994)

M\"ossbauer spectra, magnetization measurements, and self-consistent spin-polarized electronic structures of ${\mathrm{YFe}}_{12\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Mo}}_{\mathit{x}}$, where x=0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0, are reported. The ternary compounds ${\mathrm{YFe}}_{12\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Mo}}_{\mathit{x}}$ have the crystalline tetragonal ${\mathrm{ThMn}}_{12}$ structure. Analyses of the M\"ossbauer spectra show that Mo atoms occupy the 8i Fe sites of the ${\mathrm{ThMn}}_{12}$ structure, in agreement with previous observations. Room-temperature magnetic and M\"ossbauer measurements show that the compounds with x\ensuremath{\le}2.0 are ferromagnetic and with x\ensuremath{\ge}3.0 are paramagnetic. Measurements at 25 K show that all the samples are magnetically ordered. The magnetic hyperfine field is found to decrease with increasing Mo concentration, which is in qualitative agreement with the calculated magnetic moments. The calculated magnetization decreases less rapidly with increasing x than the experimental data. In general the data suggest that with increasing Mo concentration there is an increase of antiferromagnetic coupling among the Fe moments, which leads to cluster-glass or spin-glass-like phenomena. The measured isomer shift relative to \ensuremath{\alpha}-iron is found to decrease linearly with x.
Dynamic optimization of semantic annotation relevance (2005)

The introduction of semantics in the next generation of the Web, the semantic Web, is strongly based on conceptual description of resources by means of semantic annotations. Effective technologies are therefore required lo correctly map the available syntactic information onto a set of relevant conceptual entities able to model the knowledge domain to which a resource belongs. In attempting to address such issue, we propose an evolutionary optimization of semantic annotation relevance which can improve text-to-concept mapping using information from both the syntactic and the semantic domains. The proposed algorithm leverages relevance information on resource contents, with respect to a subset of a given ontology, and performs several ontology navigation steps for extracting the set of most relevant annotations, in terms of semantic expressiveness. The fitness function of the algorithm is strongly time dependent since the set of annotation to be refined may vary according to user requests, to changes in the domain ontology and is related to the granularity of the annotation set.
Phishing Detection: A Literature Survey (2013)

This article surveys the literature on the detection of phishing attacks. Phishing attacks target vulnerabilities that exist in systems due to the human factor. Many cyber attacks are spread via mechanisms that exploit weaknesses found in end-users, which makes users the weakest element in the security chain. The phishing problem is broad and no single silver-bullet solution exists to mitigate all the vulnerabilities effectively, thus multiple techniques are often implemented to mitigate specific attacks. This paper aims at surveying many of the recently proposed phishing mitigation techniques. A high-level overview of various categories of phishing mitigation techniques is also presented, such as: detection, offensive defense, correction, and prevention, which we belief is critical to present where the phishing detection techniques fit in the overall mitigation process.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO MÉTODO MULTICRITÉRIO TODIM-FSE PARA CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE BASE LOGÍSTICA DE BRIGADA (2014)

Um dos temas mais relevantes relacionados ao sucesso de uma força militar é o apoio logístico. No processo decisório em questão foi utilizado o método multicritério TODIM-FSE. Um conjunto de instalações logísticas, como armazenagem, oficinas, hospitais e outros são obrigados a atender as múltiplas demandas de uma operação militar. Estas instalações devem ser localizadas dentro de uma zona conhecida como Base Logística de Brigada. O processo de tomada de decisão a respeito desta área é consideravelmente complexa, não só por causa do possível número elevado de áreas candidatas, mas também por causa dos critérios de conflito que podem ser enfrentados durante esta seleção. Os critérios podem por vezes, ser subjetivo ou dependente em diferentes escalas de valor. Este trabalho apresenta um método analítico de apoio multicritério à tomada de decisão para classificação da base, seguindo regras estabelecidas na doutrina militar do Exército Brasileiro. A conclusão do trabalho sugere oportunidades de melhoria na tomada de decisões logísticas, que consequentemente pode implicar em maior efetividade na gestão dos recursos escassos.
On the Role of Symmetry in Vibrational Strong Coupling: The Case of Charge‐Transfer Complexation (2020)

It is well known that symmetry plays a key role in chemical reactivity. Here we explore its role in vibrational strong coupling (VSC) for a charge-transfer (CT) complexation reaction. By studying the trimethylated-benzene-I<sub>2</sub> CT complex, we find that VSC induces large changes in the equilibrium constant K<sub>DA</sub> of the CT complex, reflecting modifications in the ΔG° value of the reaction. Furthermore, by tuning the microfluidic cavity modes to the different IR vibrations of the trimethylated benzene, ΔG° either increases or decreases depending only on the symmetry of the normal mode that is coupled. This result reveals the critical role of symmetry in VSC and, in turn, provides an explanation for why the magnitude of chemical changes induced by VSC are much greater than the Rabi splitting, that is, the energy perturbation caused by VSC. These findings further confirm that VSC is powerful and versatile tool for the molecular sciences.
Models of B-cell Unresponsiveness (1989)

Self-nonself discrimination is one of the basic tenets of immunology. Earlier suggestions that clonal elimination completely limited anti-self reactivity have been challenged by the observation that potentially auto-recognizing clones of B and T cells exist. However, recent data supporting the deletion of at least some of the T-cell anti-self repertoire have been confirmed (Kappler et al. 1987; Teh et al. 1988); evidence for a similar elimination of B cells in self-tolerance has been lacking. Our laboratory has pursued the mechanisms of tolerance at the B- and T-cell levels for many years (Scott et al. 1979, 1980, 1987b). We recently described alternative approaches for exploring this process in B cells, the results of which extended our earlier reports made with hapten-specific B cells from normal and tolerant mice. Our data suggest that control of B-cell responsiveness occurs at several levels, including deletion (cell death), anergy, and suppression of differentiation to antibody...
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Titanium‐TADDOLate (I)‐Catalyzed Addition of Diethyl‐ and Bis(3‐buten‐1‐yl)zinc to Aldehydes. A Full Account with Preparative Details. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Probabilistic Equalizer for Ultra-Wideband Energy Detection (2008)

This study proposes an efficient way of interference mitigation for ultra-wideband energy detection. A receiver for pulse position modulation systems is investigated. The inter-slot (i.e., intra-symbol) and inter-symbol interferences are studied and a probabilistic equalizer is derived. This energy equalizer is embedded into the loop of an iterative channel decoder. Computer simulations are performed on the channel models from the IEEE 802.15.3a task group.