gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetic modeling of transaminase values distinguishes active liver inflammation from resolution independent of absolute enzyme levels (2022)

Abstract The biomarkers alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) aminotransferase serve an indispensable role in the diagnosis and management of liver diseases where patients often have no symptoms until organ function is threatened. Despite 70 years of widespread clinical use, the exact kinetic behavior of AST and ALT during liver injury in humans has never been quantified. Here, we used mathematical modeling to examine the individual trajectories of &gt; 6.5 million AST and ALT levels over time in 91,086 patients with acute liver injury. Candidate mechanistic differential equation models fitted to these trajectories revealed that 40.1% of ALT and 37.5% of AST curves were well-fit by a single-exponential model, indicating a single rate-limiting step governs transaminase decline. The mechanism of this rate-limiting step was found to be transaminase clearance from the blood, rather than ongoing liver injury, highlighting that AST and ALT are lagging biomarkers of liver injury. We use this observation to infer the plasma clearance rate of AST (t 1/2 =15.8h) and ALT (t 1/2 =34.6h) in humans, and derive a calculator of real-time liver injury, the Hepatocyte Injury indeX HIX ( hix.massgeneral.org ) that accounts for lag due to clearance of serum transaminase. We demonstrate that this index distinguishes active from resolved liver injury on histopathology assessment, even when the absolute AST or ALT value remains markedly elevated. These observations sharply refine how transaminase patterns are interpreted in the practical care of patients with acute liver injury. One Sentence Summary Kinetic modeling of &gt;6 million individual AST and ALT values from 91,000 patients enables biomarker half-life estimation and a real-time liver injury assessment.
Detection of human herpes virus type 8 DNA sequences as a valuable aid in the differential diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma. (1997)

The occurrence of human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) DNA sequences was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction in 36 cases of cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (classic and associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and in 88 pathologic entities that can histologically mimic KS, such as reactive and neoplastic vascular processes and lesions featuring focal or extensive spindle cell pattern. A positive reaction was detected in 16 (70%) of 23 samples of classic KS and 10 (77%) of 13 KS cases related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In particular, 4 (50%) of 8 samples in the patch stage were found to be positive, whereas in the plaque and nodular stages, HHV-8 DNA sequences were observed in 8 (67%) of 12 and 14 (87%) of 16 cases, respectively. KS cases that had yielded previous negative results were found to be positive for HHV-8 on nested polymerase chain reaction, except two cases of classic KS in the patch stage (6% of the total number of KS, 25% of cases in the patch stage). Reactive and neoplastic vascular processes and cutaneous lesions with a spindle cell component were consistently negative, HHV-8 detection by polymerase chain reaction can represent a valuable method for diagnosing KS, particularly in small skin biopsy samples that might show histologic overlap with non-KS lesions, In early patch stage lesions, however, the diagnostic value of the method is hampered by the occurrence of cases in which HHV-8 sequences are still undetectable.
Intelligent energy saving using neural networks (2002)

Presents the design of a nonlinear controller from the viewpoint of energy saving for power electronic systems. Considering the interest in energy saving for industry, both an intelligent energy saving power system controller in a DC power plant for Korean Telecommunications and an efficiency optimization controller for an induction motor drive are selected as examples of applications.
Artificial Avidin-Based Receptors for a Panel of Small Molecules (2015)

Proteins with high specificity, affinity, and stability are needed for biomolecular recognition in a plethora of applications. Antibodies are powerful affinity tools, but they may also suffer from limitations such as low stability and high production costs. Avidin and streptavidin provide a promising scaffold for protein engineering, and due to their ultratight binding to D-biotin they are widely used in various biotechnological and biomedical applications. In this study, we demonstrate that the avidin scaffold is suitable for use as a novel receptor for several biologically active small molecules: Artificial, chicken avidin-based proteins, antidins, were generated using a directed evolution method for progesterone, hydrocortisone, testosterone, cholic acid, ketoprofen, and folic acid, all with micromolar to nanomolar affinity and significantly reduced biotin-binding affinity. We also describe the crystal structure of an antidin, sbAvd-2(I117Y), a steroid-binding avidin, which proves that the avidin scaffold can tolerate significant modifications without losing its characteristic tetrameric beta-barrel structure, helping us to further design avidin-based small molecule receptors.
Cover Picture: Bio‐adhesive Nanoporous Module: Toward Autonomous Gating (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 16/2021) (2021)

A bio-adhesive covalent organic framework with calmodulin as a proteinous gate is reported by Takuzo Aida, Kou Okuro et al. in their Research Article on page 8932. The gate functionality is used for calcium-ion-triggered guest release from the nanopores.
Магнитные наночастицы в составе агрегатов коллоидных частиц нефти (2009)

Structures formed by paraffin wax deposition colloidal particles have been studied. It was demonstrated that magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide could be the part both of oil and colloidal oil particles aggregates.The sizes of micellar oil colloidal particles have been determined. Mixed oil and iron oxide nanoparticles aggregate sizes are estimated. It was shown the nanoparticles aggregates are not compact but have fractal structure.
Fiber optic sensor technology and applications : 20-22 September 1999, Boston, Massachusetts (1999)

The 79 papers in this volume examine the state-of-the-art in fibre optic sensor technology and its applications.
Abstract 15353: The HEART Pathway Randomized Trial: Identifying Emergency Department Patients with Acute Chest Pain for Early Discharge (2014)

Introduction: The HEART Pathway is a decision aid designed to identify emergency department (ED) patients with acute chest pain for early discharge. This trial compares the efficacy of the HEART Pathway versus usual care (UC) for ED chest pain risk stratification. Hypothesis: The HEART Pathway will increase the early discharge rate of ED patients with chest pain by ≤20% compared to UC without missing major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days. Methods: Adult ED patients with chest pain concerning for acute coronary syndrome without ST-elevation on initial electrocardiogram were randomized to the HEART pathway or UC (based on ACC/AHA guidelines). In the HEART Pathway arm, ED providers used the HEART Score, a validated risk stratification tool, and troponins at 0 and 3 hours to identify patients for early discharge. Outcomes included rate of early discharge (ED discharge without objective testing), rate of objective cardiac testing (stress testing or angiography), index hospital length of stay (LOS), an...
Occurrence of resistance to vibriostatic compound 0/129 in Vibrio cholerae 01 isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Bangladesh (1992)

Fifty-one Vibrio cholerae 01 strains isolated from 734 natural water and plankton samples and 31 rectal swabs were examined. Of these strains, 32 (62.7%) were found to be resistant to vibriostatic compound 0/129. When antibiograms using the antibiotics ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, furoxan, and gentamicin were done, it was observed that there was a correlation of sensitivity to 0/129 with selected antibiotics. Only the Ogawa E1 Tor (72% of strains resistant) and Inaba classical (28% of strains resistant) biotypes of V. cholerae 01 showed resistance to 0/129. On the other hand, all Inaba E1 Tor and Ogawa classical strains were susceptible to 0/129. The 32 0/129-resistant and 19 0/129-sensitive isolates of V. cholerae 01 were tested for the presence of plasmid DNA. Only two strains isolated from the environment were found to carry a plasmid, and they were also found to be resistant to 0/129 and gentamicin. Thus, 0/129 resistance, although more common than previously suspected, is concluded not to be plasmid mediated in the strains tested in this study.
Easy auto-calibration of sensors on a vehicle equipped with multiple 2D-LIDARs and cameras (2019)

In this paper, we propose to calibrate a vehicle equipped with several 2D-LIDARs and cameras. Our goal is to offer a method which is easy to use with very little manual intervention and which doesn't need a special calibration target. Sensor data is recorded while the vehicle is driven along a trajectory in a man made environment with vertical walls. The first step is a classical autocalibration approach based on visual SLAM and bundle adjustment is used to recover the cameras internal and external parameters. The second step which is the main contribution of the paper, is a novel optimisation algorithm to compute the external parameters of the LIDAR. We present the methodology in its entirety because the user has to do a single data acquisition for camera and LIDAR calibration. Our approach is validated by real experimental results.
Comparison of space division multiplexing schemes employing multiple antennas in OFDM forward link (2003)

The paper compares the achievable throughput performance of the multiple antenna transmission and reception technique called MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) including the adaptive antenna array beamforming (AAA-BF) transmitter, using a 100 MHz bandwidth for the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) forward link in a multipath Rayleigh fading channel aiming at high frequency efficiency up to 10 bps/Hz. Simulation results elucidate that to achieve high frequency efficiency of greater than approximately 4 bps/Hz, MIMO multiplexing can decrease the required transmission power the most for two and four transmitter and receiver antennas, since lower-level data modulation or a lower channel coding rate is applicable compared to the AAA-BF transmitter and MIMO diversity schemes. We also show that an average PER of 10/sup -2/ is possible for the information bit rate of 1 Gbps using a 100 MHz bandwidth (i.e., 10 bps/Hz) at the transmit signal energy per bit-to-background noise power spectrum density ratio (E/sub b//N/sub 0/) of approximately 10 (13) dB using the combination of 16QAM modulation and the coding rate of 5/6 together with four-branch MIMO multiplexing in a 12-path fading channel with the maximum Doppler frequency of f/sub D/=20 Hz when the fading correlation between antennas is 0 (0.6).
Production of Temperature-Sensitive Clones of Mycoplasma synoviae for Evaluation as Live Vaccines (1998)

An Australian field isolate of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), 89079/7NS, was exposed to the mutagen N-nitro-N'-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine. Fifteen clones from the exposed culture were characterized for temperature sensitivity. Four clones labelled B, D, G, and H were temperature sensitive and were further characterized for their ability to colonize chickens and elicit an immune response. Serum antibody responses to MS were detected 3 wk after infection, by eyedrop, in 10 of 10 birds inoculated with 86079/7NS and clones B and G and in 9 of 10 birds inoculated with clone H. No MS antibody response was observed in any bird inoculated with clone D. MS was recovered from the upper trachea of 10 of 10 birds inoculated with clones B, G, and H at 2 wk after infection. No MS was isolated from birds inoculated with clone D. Clone H, designated MS-H, was selected as a potential vaccine candidate.
NVH characteristics of air-assisted direct injected (DI) spark ignition four-stroke engines (2000)

Zacco platypus, pale chub, is an indigenous freshwater fish of East Asia including Korea and has many useful characteristics as indicator species for water pollution. While utility of Z. platypus as an experimental species has been recognized, genetic-level information is very limited and warrants extensive research. Metallothionein (MT) is widely used and well-known biomarker for heavy metal exposure in many experimental species. In the present study, we cloned MT in Z. platypus and evaluated its utility as a biomarker for metal exposure. For this purpose, we sequenced complete complementary DNA (cDNA) of MT in Z. platypus and carried out phylogenetic analysis with its sequences. The transcription-level responses of MT gene following the exposure to CdCl2 were also assessed to validate the utility of this gene as an exposure biomarker. Analysis of cDNA sequence of MT gene demonstrated high conformity with those of other fish. MT messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and enzymatic MT content significantly increased following CdCl2 exposure in a concentration-dependent manner. The level of CdCl2 that resulted in significant MT changes in Z. platypus was within the range that was reported from other fish. The MT gene of Z. platypus sequenced in the present study can be used as a useful biomarker for heavy metal exposure in the aquatic environment of Korea and other countries where this freshwater fish species represents the ecosystem.
Antagonists of bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide based on [D-Ala24]GRP(20-26)-heptapeptide. Modifications leading to potent analogues with prolonged duration of action. (1990)

Analogues of gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) and bombesin based on His-Trp-Ala-Val-D-Ala-His-Leu, the 20-26 heptapeptide sequence of [D-Ala24]GRP, have been synthesized and tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit GRP (18-27)-induced mitogenesis in Swiss 3T3 cells. Compounds identified as potent antagonists in this test system were also tested in vivo for their ability to inhibit bombesin-induced amylase secretion in rats. The Trp-Ala-Val sequence was found to be a very important feature of the antagonist activity; most substitutions in this region led either to much less potent or inactive analogues. In contrast, amino acid replacements in other parts of the molecule were more tolerated and sometimes led to marked increases in the in vitro and in vivo activity. The most potent analogues were obtained by replacing Leu26 by MeLeu and His25 by Lys(X) where X = Z, PhCO, PhCH2CO or Ph(CH2)2CO. Thus 4-pyridylcarbonyl-His-Trp-Ala-Val-D-Ala-Lys(CO-CH2-CH2-Ph)-Leu- NHMe (86) and 4-pyridylcarbonyl-His-Trp-Ala-Val-D-Ala-Lys(Z)-MeLeu-OMe (87) had IC50 values of less than 20 micrograms/kg s.c. in vivo, and their effects lasted for more than 3 hr.
Evaluation of dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) expression in non-small cell lung, esophageal, and gastric cancer. (2013)

e22203 Background: Dkk-1 is an inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Inhibition of Wnt pathway results in the stabilization of β-catenin, leading to target gene expression such as cyclin D1, c-myc, VEGF and other factors associated with cell growth. Elevated levels of serum Dkk-1 in a variety of tumor types are well established, and are hypothesized to have a negative prognostic value. Tumor tissue expression of Dkk-1 has not been systematically examined. We evaluated Dkk-1 expression in various tumors. Methods: Utilizing an anonymous banked tumor repository, we identified 119 patient samples (NSCLC (squamous, n=19; adenocarcinoma, n=47), esophageal (squamous, n=15; adenocarcinoma, n=17) and gastric (n=20)). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed using commercially available antibodies. One pathologist evaluated all slides using IHC staining quantification on a 4-point scale (0, 1+, 2+, 3+). Results: Dkk-1 expression is more pronounced in tumor tissues than peritumoral normal tissues of lung and esophagus. Unexpectedly, Dkk-1 expression is seen in two staining patterns, perinuclear and cytoplasmic that varied by primary location and histology. Conclusions: Elevated Dkk-1 expression is demonstrated in lung, esophageal and gastric cancer regardless of histology. All except squamous cell lung express perinuclear Dkk-1 more frequently than cytoplasmic pattern. Additional studies are needed to understand significance of these patterns and potentially define Dkk-1 as a novel therapeutic target in these malignancies. [Table: see text]
Role of chromosome 9 in human bladder cancer. (1993)

The tumors of 20 patients with multifocal primary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or lymph node metastases were examined for molecular genetic defects which we have previously found to be present in > 50% of invasive tumors. These included loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 9, which occurs in superficial as well as invasive bladder tumors, and LOH of chromosome 17p and p53 mutations, which are commonly found only in invasive tumors. Analysis of multiple or recurrent primary tumors in 7 patients for these markers was generally consistent with recently published data that the tumors are monoclonal in origin and that p53 mutations occur as a late event in the generation of invasive bladder cancers. Comparison of the primary tumors and metastases to regional lymph nodes in 14 patients demonstrated a complete concordance between the molecular genetic defects present, showing that LOH of chromosomes 9 and 17p and p53 mutations occurred in the primary tumors before metastasis. Because of the importance of chromosome 9 in bladder cancer, we mapped the location of a putative tumor suppressor gene by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 123 cases obtained in this and earlier studies. Most of the tumors showed LOH for more than one marker on chromosome 9. Results of mapping of 4 tumors with partial deletion of chromosome 9 suggests that the tumor suppressor gene is located between 9p12 and 9q34.1.
Searching for New Reactivity (Nobel Lecture) (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ubiquitous computing using SIP (2003)

In the past decade, there have been numerous efforts in ubiquitous computing, making computational resources or communication more widely available. We believe that it is time to move to a global-scale ubiquitous computing system that is securable, administered by multiple independent administrators and integrates off-the-shelf hardware and software. We are developing such a system based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), with Bluetooth devices for location sensing and Service Location Protocol (SLP) for service discovery. We also introduce context-aware location information to augment device discovery and user communication. The system builds on our CINEMA infrastructure and can support a range of activities, from home-based settings to collaboration between distant sites.
Intelligent Vehicle Technologies (2002)

This book considers advances in intelligent vehicle technology such as intelligent cruise control, on-vehicle driver information systems, collision avoidance systems, vision enhancement and roadworthiness diagnostics systems, with an emphasis on practical examples and applications. It is intended for undergraduates studying automotive engineering and practising engineers in intelligent control and automation, robotics and communications. For abstracts of the relevant chapters see ITRD E109879-E109892.
Difference in aneurysm characteristics between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms in patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms (2018)

The risk of aneurysmal rupture is dependent upon numerous factors, however, there are inconsistencies in the results between studies, which may be due to confounding factors. This can be avoided by comparing the characteristics of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms within the same patient. We sought to analyze the aneurysm characteristics of patients with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and multiple intracranial aneurysms. Methods: We reviewed our prospectively maintained institutional database, between 01/10/2007 and 01/01/2017, for all patients with confirmed SAH and >1 aneurysm. We recorded the size, location, and morphology and calculated secondary geometric indices such as bottleneck factor and aspect ratio. Results: During the study period, a total of 694 patients with aneurysmal SAH were admitted to our institution. We identified 113 patients (74.3% female, average age 51.7 12.3). The majority of patients had only one associate unruptured aneurysm (79.6%). The average unruptured aneurysm was 3.1 1.5 mm and the average ruptured aneurysm was 5.7 2.7 mm (P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, aneurysm location, aneurysm morphology, and size were independently associated with rupture. A complex aneurysm morphology was the strongest risk factor for rupture (OR, 29.27; 95% CI 14.33-59.78; P < 0.001) with size >7 mm (OR, 17.74; 95% CI 4.07-77.35; P < 0.001), and AcomA location also showing a strong independent association. Conclusion: Size plays an important part in determining rupture risk, however, other factors such as location and in particular morphology must also be considered. We believe that the introduction of vessel wall imaging will help to risk stratify aneurysms.
Use of an electrochemically labeled nucleotide terminator for known point mutation analysis (2003)

A novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay utilizing an electrochemically tagged chain terminator is described. The system employs the single-base extension (SBE) technique coupled to capillary gel electrophoresis with end-column electrochemical detection. A redox-labeled chain terminator, ferrocene-acycloATP, is used in the SBE reaction. When the mutation site corresponds to the labeled chain terminator, the extension product is rendered electroactive. The reaction mixture is subsequently separated by capillary gel electrophoresis and the extension product detected at the separation anode with sinusoidal voltammetry. This work demonstrates the first known SNP assay utilizing redox-active chain terminators coupled to electrochemical detection. The methodology presented could lead to a fast, simple, and cost-effective SNP scoring system.
Immunopharmacological studies of new 3-benzoyl-4-mercaptobutyric acid derivatives. II. Immunosuppressive effects. (1988)

A number of D-penicillamine (PA) derivatives (3-benzoyl-4-mercaptobutyric acids) with an acetylthio group on the gamma-position of the carboxylic acid were synthesized. Their immunological effects were examined and compared with PA and other immunosuppressors. PA derivatives suppressed adjuvant-induced arthritis in SD and Lewis rats, suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity and IgE antibody response in mice, and prolonged the survival time of NZBXNZW F1 hybrid (BWF1) mice, as did immunosuppressors. In vitro, PA derivatives suppressed lymphocyte transformation and the proliferation of KB cells. 4-Acetylthio-3-[-4-(4-chlorophenyl)benzoyl]butyric acid was the most effective of the PA derivatives. Thus, these PA derivatives with an acetylthio group on the gamma-position of the carboxylic acid showed immunosuppressive effects and, furthermore, substitution of the halogen atom on the phenyl group increased immunosuppressive activities.