gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability study of the milling process using an exponential force model in frequency domain (2006)

International audience
Dynamics of vesicle suspension in shear flow between walls by digital holographic microscopy with a spatially reduced coherent source (2012)

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a powerful tool that strongly increases the field of investigation of classical microscopy. It allows to be used as phase contrast microscopy with the additional information of the z position over a whole experimental volume by acquiring a single frame. The use of a spatially reduced coherent source strongly reduces the coherent noise. Vesicles are close lipid membranes enclosing a sugar-water solution. Those biomimetic deformable objects are good mechanical models of living cells such as Red Blood Cells. We investigate the dynamics of a vesicle suspension in shear flow between walls (with a gap of about 200 &#956;m). When vesicles are placed in a shear flow, they undergo a lift force that pushes them away from the wall until they reach the centre of the channel where the effects of both walls are compensated. On the other hand, hydrodynamical interactions between vesicles and segregation effects tend to push small vesicles away from the centre of the channel. The final distribution is thus a compromise between both effects that structures the distribution and has strong impact on rheology. DHM with reduced coherence and specific related algorithms (phase compensation, best focus plane determination, segmentation, ...) provide a full description of each object in the experimental volume as a function of their size and shape. Results are provided and illustrate the quantification of the lift force and the hydrodynamical interactions (shear induced diffusion).
Flow disturbance compensation calculated with flow simulations for ultrasonic clamp-on flowmeters with optimized path arrangement (2022)

Ultrasonic clamp-on flowmeters (USCF) are popular among measurement technologies due to the versatility of applications, increasing accuracy, and easy, non-intrusive mounting, with the sensors being mounted directly on the external surface of the pipe. In industrial applications, installation space is usually restricted and therefore, flowmeters must be mounted often directly downstream of flow disturbances (FD). A major issue of USCF is the long inlet run needed downstream of FD to achieve a measurement within the specified accuracy. A configuration of two V-paths is proposed, axially rotated 90° relative to each other, that compensates for the flow error introduced due to disturbed flow conditions, independent of the rotational position of the flowmeter. Flow disturbance compensation (FlowDC) is achieved, i.e., accurate measurements within the specification of 2% flow rate accuracy, when the flowmeter is mounted as close as 2 pipe diameters (D) downstream of a FD. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are employed to generate rotationally independent correction factors that compensate for the error introduced from disturbed inlet conditions. An automated simulation method is developed to generate correction factors for 90° bend, out-of-plane bend, expansion, and contraction, at mounting distances from 2D to 100D, several flow rates, and rotational positions 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°. This study would be practically impossible with non-automated simulations or solely with measurements. In-house experiments were performed with an industrial clamp-on device at selected distances from the FD with the aim of verifying the simulation results. An independent field-test is presented that showcases the value of FlowDC in USCF applications. The automated simulations have the capability to simulate further FDs on-demand, with the aim of creating a database for the needs of the respective application in industry.
Prevention of carcinogenesis of mouse mammary epithelial cells RIII/MG by epigallocatechin gallate (2002)

The chemopreventive effect of the polyphenols abundant in green tea on carcinogenesis has been attracting attention in recent years. Among tea polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been studied as a preventive substance for carcinogenesis. We investigated the chemopreventive effect in a group treated with EGCG in vitro and in vivo using mouse mammary epithelial cells RIII/MG. In the in vitro experiment, crude catechin (catechin) containing 50% or more EGCG significantly inhibited the growth of RIII/MG cells, which were precancerous cultured cells. Many cells died, and a DNA ladder was observed. In the in vivo experiment, RIII/MG cells formed a tumor after 13 weeks in a group without catechin treatment, and the tumor formation rate in the 20th week was 40%. In a group treated with 0.1% catechin, a tumor began to grow in the 13th week, and the tumor formation rate in the 20th week was 20%. In a group treated with 1% catechin, no tumor was detected even in the 20th week. There was no significant difference in the change in body weight between the catechin treatment groups and the non-treatment group during the observation period. Tissue samples were stained by the nick-end-labeling method and apoptosis was observed in many cells. Based on the above findings, EGCG inhibited growth in the mouse viral mammary epithelial carcinogenesis model RIII/MG, and induced apoptosis, suggesting a clinical usefulness of EGCG as a chemopreventive substance.
Walter Hervey Bagot (1880-1963): architect (2001)

Misfolding mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) cause it to be retained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of chondrocytes, stimulating a multitude of damaging cellular responses including ER stress, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which ultimately culminates in the death of growth plate chondrocytes and pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH). Previously, we demonstrated that an antioxidant, resveratrol, substantially reduces the intracellular accumulation of mutant-COMP, dampens cellular stress, and lowers the level of growth plate chondrocyte death. In addition, we showed that resveratrol reduces mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, suggesting a potential mechanism. In this work, we investigate the role of autophagy in treatment of COMPopathies. In cultured chondrocytes expressing wild-type COMP or mutant-COMP, resveratrol significantly increased the number of Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) vesicles, directly demonstrating that resveratrol-stimulated autophagy is an important component of the resveratrol-driven mechanism responsible for the degradation of mutant-COMP. Moreover, pharmacological inhibitors of autophagy suppressed degradation of mutant-COMP in our established mouse model of PSACH. In contrast, blockage of the proteasome did not substantially alter resveratrol clearance of mutant-COMP from growth plate chondrocytes. Mechanistically, resveratrol increased SIRT1 and PP2A expression and reduced MID1 expression and activation of phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT) and mTORC1 signaling in growth plate chondrocytes, allowing clearance of mutant-COMP by autophagy. Importantly, we show that optimal reduction in growth plate pathology, including decreased mutant-COMP retention, decreased mTORC1 signaling, and restoration of chondrocyte proliferation was attained when treatment was initiated between birth to 1 week of age in MT-COMP mice, translating to birth to approximately 2 years of age in children with PSACH. These results clearly demonstrate that resveratrol stimulates clearance of mutant-COMP by an autophagy-centric mechanism. © 2020 The Authors. <i>JBMR Plus</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Enhanced docking with the mining minima optimizer: Acceleration and side‐chain flexibility (2002)

The ligand-protein docking algorithm based on the Mining Minima method has been substantially enhanced. First, the basic algorithm is accelerated by: (1) adaptively determining the extent of each energy well to help avoid previously discovered energy minima; (2) biasing the search away from ligand positions at the surface of the receptor to prevent the ligand from staying at the surface when large sampling regions are used; (3) quickly testing multiple different ligand positions and orientations for each ligand conformation; and (4) tuning the source code to increase computational efficiency. These changes markedly shorten the time needed to discover an accurate result, especially when large sampling regions are used. The algorithm now also allows user-selected receptor sidechains to be treated as mobile during the docking procedure. The energies associated with the mobile side chains are computed as if they belonged to the ligand, except that atoms at the boundary between side chains and the rigid backbone are treated specially. This new capability is tested for several well-known ligand/protein systems, and preliminary application to an enzyme whose substrate is unknown--the recently solved hypothetical protein YecO (HI0319) from Haemophilus influenzae--indicates that side-chains relaxations allow candidate substrates of various sizes to be accommodated.
Studies on the affinity of 6-[(n-(cyclo)aminoalkyl)oxy]-4H-chromen-4-ones for sigma 1/2 receptors (2021)

Sigma (σ) receptors represent attractive targets for the development of potential agents for the treatment of several disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and neuropathic pain. In the search for multitarget small molecules (MSMs) against such disorders, we have re-discovered chromenones as new affine σ<sub>1</sub>/σ<sub>2</sub> ligands. 6-(4-(Piperidin-1-yl)butoxy)-4<i>H</i>-chromen-4-one (<b>7</b>), a previously identified MSM with potent dual-target activities against acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase B, also exhibited σ<sub>1</sub>/σ<sub>2</sub> affinity. 6-(3-(Azepan-1-yl)propoxy)-4<i>H</i>-chromen-4-one (<b>20</b>) showed a <i>K</i> <sub>i</sub> value for σ<sub>1</sub> of 27.2 nM (selectivity (σ<sub>1</sub>/σ<sub>2</sub>) = 28), combining the desired σ<sub>1</sub> receptor affinity with a dual inhibitory capacity against both acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase. 6-((5-Morpholinopentyl)oxy)-4<i>H</i>-chromen-4-one (<b>12</b>) was almost equipotent to <b>S1RA</b>, an established σ<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist.
Imaging the dynamics and microstructure of fibrin clot polymerization in cardiac surgical patients using spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (2021)

During cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), altered hemostatic balance may disrupt fibrin assembly, predisposing patients to perioperative hemorrhage. We investigated the utility of a novel device termed spectrally-encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) for assessing fibrin clot polymerization following heparin and protamine administration in CPB patients. SECM is a novel, high-speed optical approach to visualize and quantify fibrin clot formation in three dimensions with high spatial resolution (1.0 μm) over a volumetric field-of-view (165 × 4000 × 36 μm). The measurement sensitivity of SECM was first determined using plasma samples from normal subjects spiked with heparin and protamine. Next, SECM was performed in plasma samples from patients on CPB to quantify the extent to which fibrin clot dynamics and microstructure were altered by CPB exposure. In spiked samples, prolonged fibrin time (4.4 ± 1.8 to 49.3 ± 16.8 min, p < 0.001) and diminished fibrin network density (0.079 ± 0.010 to 0.001 ± 0.002 A.U, p < 0.001) with increasing heparin concentration were reported by SECM. Furthermore, fibrin network density was not restored to baseline levels in protamine-treated samples. In CPB patients, SECM reported lower fibrin network density in protaminized samples (0.055 ± 0.01 A.U. [Arbitrary units]) vs baseline values (0.066 ± 0.009 A.U.) (p = 0.03) despite comparable fibrin time (baseline = 6.0 ± 1.3, protamine = 6.4 ± 1.6 min, p = 0.5). In these patients, additional metrics including fibrin heterogeneity, length and straightness were quantified. Note, SECM revealed that following protamine administration with CPB exposure, fibrin clots were more heterogeneous (baseline = 0.11 ± 0.02 A.U, protamine = 0.08 ± 0.01 A.U, p = 0.008) with straighter fibers (baseline = 0.918 ± 0.003A.U, protamine = 0.928 ± 0.0006A.U. p < 0.001). By providing the capability to rapidly visualize and quantify fibrin clot microstructure, SECM could furnish a new approach for assessing clot stability and hemostasis in cardiac surgical patients.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Macrophage Infiltration and Alternative Activation during Wound Healing Promote MEK1-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Arginase expression analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Shaft Axial-Displacement Sensor (1986)

Shaft-speed sensor on turbopump readily adapted to indicate shaft axial displacement as well as rotational speed. Adaptation makes it unnecessary to install separate displacement sensor, which requires additional access port on pump. Combined speed/displacement sensor used for performance analysis and for pump control.
Electron/hole blocking layers as ionic blocking layers in perovskite solar cells (2021)

Ion diffusion into the BLs changes the device from symmetric-intrinsic to asymmetric-doped with all internal parameters changed.
Compensation of environmental effects in bulk optical sensors (2002)

The paper presents a theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the environmental, in particular temperature effects in electro-optic sensor with cubic and naturally birefringent sensing crystals. New compensation methods, based on an optimal optical alignment, have been proposed and experimentally verified.
Abstract 1151: A unique layered 3D stromal tissue model for in vitro evaluation of immunologic agents and immune cell infiltration into cancer microenvironment (2018)

Abstract Background; The modulation of the immune system is a proven key target for cancer therapy, however, the complex interplay between immune cells and cancer cells in cancer microenvironment remains only partially understood. In addition, the currently available in vitro cancer microenvironment models are not designed to study the immunologic agents and a role of immune cells. Here, we developed a unique layered 3D stromal tissue model comprising an allogeneic immune, stromal and cancer cells. Method; Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) were coated with collagen and heparin to construct Extracellular matrix (ECM) nanofilm and cultured to form multi-layers. Lung cancer cells were placed between stromal cells. Furthermore, we added Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) and Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade with Nivolumab and evaluated cytotoxic effects of immune cells on cancer cells and immune cell infiltration by immunohistochemistry. Result; The co-cultured stromal tissues were multi-layered (approximately 20 layers), and the presence of lung cancer cells between stromal cells was observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed CD8 positive immune cell infiltration into the fibroblast layers. PBMC with Nivolumab treatment significantly decreased the viability of lung cancer cells in this 3D co-culture compared with the results in 2D mono-culture. High level of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on lung cancer cell lines correlated with a higher response to PD-1 blockade in vitro as well as clinical trials. Conclusion; In summary, we present a unique 3D cell culture system based on an allogeneic stromal/cancer/immune cell setting to study immunologic agents and immune cell infiltration in cancer microenvironment. This 3D model has the ability to reflect in vivo conditions closer than 2D model and provide a tool for in vitro immunologic agent testing. Citation Format: Rii Morimura, Kei Tsukamoto, Shiro Kitano, Eiji Shinozaki. A unique layered 3D stromal tissue model for in vitro evaluation of immunologic agents and immune cell infiltration into cancer microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1151.
Urinary Cholesterol. I. Isolation and Characterization of “Free” Cholesterol in Normal and Pregnant Subjects (1969)

Non-esterified (“free”) cholesterol has been isolated and characterized in urines from pregnant and puerperal women. This steroid was also found in normal human urine. Criteria of identification were: thin-layer chromatography of the free and acetylated forms and gas-liquid chromatography of the free, acetate and trimethylsilyl ether derivatives, followed by infrared and X-ray diffraction analysis. The excretion of non-esterified cholesterol in normals was determined by a gas-liquid chromatographic procedure developed by us. The normal range in children was 0.21–0.68 mg/24 hr; in males, 0.44–1.24; and in females, 0.41–1.57. Elevated amounts were found in pregnancy. The urinary levels of this steroid can rise to quantities as high as 70 mg/24 hr during puerperium. Analyses performed in some selected pathologic conditions, as well as the estimation of esterified forms, indicate that the “free” form, possibly conjugated to a protein, is the main excretion product. The findings also suggest the possibility that this urinary steroid may reflect an endogenous pool.
Fibre-optic transillumination of the sinuses: a comparison of the value of radiography and transillumination in antral disease (1978)

The development of transillumination of the paranasal sinuses is reviewed. A technique of transillumination with a fibre-optic source is described. In acute sinusitis there was a very significant correlation between radiography and transilluminometry.
Effect of Salinity, Temperature, Water Content, and pH on the Microwave Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions (2007)

The main objective of this work is to investigate the effect of a set of crude oil emulsion variables, including pH and salt and water contents, upon the microwave demulsification process. A series of batch demulsification runs were carried out to evaluate the final emulsified water content of emulsion samples after the exposure to microwaves. Tests were performed at distinct heating temperatures, using water-in-heavy crude oil emulsion samples containing different salt and water contents and pH. Well-defined temperature programs were established to control the amount of energy applied to the emulsion and, ultimately, the viscosity. Higher microwave demulsification efficiencies were achieved for emulsions containing high water contents, except when high pH and salt contents were simultaneously involved.
Linear Dynamic Systems (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Chapter Focus Dynamic System Models Continuous Linear Systems and Their Solutions Discrete Linear Systems and Their Solutions Observability of Linear Dynamic System Models Summary Problems
On the Virtues of “Team Medicine”—A City of Hope Perspective (2023)

Our first Special Issue of the <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i>, entitled 'Integrating Clinical and Translational Research Networks-Building Team Medicine,' highlighted the collective experience of the City of Hope and was a tremendous success [...].
Alteration of fluorouracil metabolism in human colon cancer cells by dipyridamole with a selective increase in fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate levels. (1986)

The nucleoside transport inhibitor dipyridamole can increase the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil in a human colon cancer cell line (HCT 116) without affecting the total amount of fluorouracil incorporated into the acid soluble and insoluble fractions (J. L. Grem and P. H. Fischer, Cancer Res., 45: 2967-2972, 1985). We now report that dipyridamole altered the pattern of fluorouracil metabolism and provided a selective increase in intracellular fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) levels. At 2 and 4 h after exposure to fluorouracil and dipyridamole, FdUMP levels were approximately 5-fold higher in the presence of dipyridamole. The ratio of FdUMP to fluorouridine triphosphate at 4 h was substantially increased in the presence of dipyridamole (0.4 +/- 0.05) compared to fluorouracil alone (0.08 +/- 0.03). In cells preloaded with fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd), dipyridamole potently inhibited the efflux of FdUrd, leading to an increased retention of intracellular FdUMP. One h following removal of [6-3H]FdUrd, the FdUMP levels were increased 8-fold in the presence of dipyridamole, and the half-life of intracellular FdUMP was increased from 24 to 78 min. We have previously shown that the addition of sufficient thymidine (25 microM) can prevent the augmentation of fluorouracil toxicity produced by dipyridamole. In these studies, the addition of 25 microM thymidine reduced the FdUMP levels to less than half of those measured in the presence of fluorouracil plus dipyridamole for the first 8 h of exposure, and reduced the FdUMP levels to 6% of the FdUMP levels seen with fluorouracil and dipyridamole after 24 h of exposure. Thymidine prevented the enhanced intracellular retention of FdUMP produced by dipyridamole in cells preloaded with FdUrd. In addition, thymidine inhibited the accumulation of FdUMP in cells exposed to FdUrd. In cancer cells which significantly catabolize FdUMP, the ability of dipyridamole to block the efflux of FdUrd may provide an effective means of selectively increasing FdUMP levels and enhancing the toxicity of fluorouracil. Furthermore, dipyridamole blocked the efflux of deoxyuridine and prolonged the intracellular half-life of deoxyuridine monophosphate. In cells prelabeled with [2'-3H]dUrd, transfer of tritium to FdUrd and FdUMP occurred in cells exposed to fluorouracil and dipyridamole. These data suggest that blockade of nucleoside efflux can enhance the availability of deoxyribose-1-phosphate donors for the synthesis of FdUrd. Thus, dipyridamole's ability to inhibit nucleoside transport can perturb the metabolism of a nucleobase, fluorouracil.
Effective and environmentally friendly remover for photo resist and ashing residue for use in Cu/low-k process (2002)

The authors have developed an effective removal solvent for photo resist and its ashing residue for use in copper wire/low-dielectric interlayer devices that significantly lowers the risk of harming the environment. The inhibition of Cu corrosion is very important in these devices, and benzotriazole (BTA, C/sub 6/H/sub 5/N/sub 3/) is usually used as the corrosion inhibitor. However, BTA creates mutagenicity and biodegrades poorly. The authors investigate several typical heterocyclic nitrogen compounds as Cu inhibitors to replace BTA and study their optimum compositions. It has been found that uric acid (C/sub 5/H/sub 4/N/sub 4/O/sub 3/) is the best corrosion inhibitor for Cu. Moreover, this remover, which was composed mainly of amino alcohol, uric acid, and H/sub 2/O, can be applied to low-k films by optimizing its H/sub 2/O ratio. It not only effectively removed the ashing residue on Cu/low-k devices but also effectively reduced the environmental impact because the rinse wastewater containing remover can be completely treated at the fabrication site with ordinary biological processes.