gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid precursor cells in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice (1992)

Expression of diabetes susceptibility genes at the hemopoietic stem cell level is sufficient for the development of the disease in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. This work investigated whether the defects that reside within the stem cells have consequences on the homeostasis of the stem and progenitor cell compartments. The fraction of cyclically active stem cells, or spleen colony-forming units (CFU-s), is enlarged, and their differentiation toward megakaryocytopoiesis seems to be enhanced in NOD mice at 3 and 10 weeks of age as compared to C57BL/6 mice. Whereas colony-forming unit assay (CFU-A) numbers are normal in the bone marrow, they are significantly increased in the spleen of NOD mice. A strain-dependent difference in granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (GM-CFC) numbers was observed; they were higher in NOD mice than in B6 mice of three and ten weeks of age. These results suggest that autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus of the NOD mouse is accompanied by disorders of myelopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. This observation is in keeping with the role of macrophages in the development of diabetes and with the hyperactivity of diabetic platelets.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, the Tap Project, and the Rains Model (2000)

This chapter presents and elaborates upon a symposium that includes a panel discussion on the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). The panel was chaired by Harvey Brooks, who has been involved with the IIASA since the institute’s inception in 1972 and chaired the U.S. Committee for IIASA from 1982 to 1989. Other panelists included the IIASA’s first two directors, Howard Raiffa and Roger Levien; former IIASA project leader and current member of the U.S. Committee for the IIASA, William C. Clark; and executive director of the U.S. Committee for the IIASA, Alan McDonald. The discussion begins with an early history of the IIASA, followed by highlights from the other panel presentations.
Application-layer security mechanism for M2M communication over SMS (2012)

With an increasing number of M2M devices communicating over SMS, the need for security was raised because standard SMS messaging service does not provide any light-weight security mechanisms. In this paper we propose hybrid application-layer security with compression for M2M communication over SMS. The signature is calculated using device IMEI, secret key and payload; thus signature is not always the same, which prevents duplicated/stolen signature and replay attack and it provides a content integrity check. The security is implemented on android powered mobile devices and evaluated against non-secure payload for message response time and bandwidth in live GSM network. Evaluation shows that SMS delivery time is not influenced by this security mechanism. In addition compression can save bandwidth for more verbose and longer payloads.
Extension of Planar Bulk n-Channel MOSFET Scaling With Oxygen Insertion Technology (2014)

An experimental and simulation study of short-channel planar bulk nMOSFET performance enhancement achieved with oxygen insertion technology is presented. The benefits of this technology for low-power digital logic circuits make it a promising evolutionary approach to extend bulk MOSFET scaling.
Pharmacologic regression of cardiac hypertrophy in experimental hypertension. (1984)

The normal heart has the capacity to either augment or reduce its mass in relation to long-term alterations in hemodynamic and metabolic demands. However, once cardiac hypertrophy is established, as in hypertensive heart disease, it is less clear whether the augmented mass can revert to normal with control of arterial pressure. In experimental models in which systemic hypertension is induced in genetically normotensive animals, left ventricular weight generally returns toward normal with the removal of the inciting stimulus for the hypertension. However, when arterial pressure control is achieved by pharmacologic therapy, and the inciting stimulus (mechanical or genetic) is intact, the results of pressure reduction on ventricular weight are much more variable than that observed with the removal of a mechanical stimulus for hypertension. It is hypothesized that pharmacologic pressure reduction elicits secondary adjustments in cardiorenal and neurohumoral function which have important influences on ventricular hypertrophy.
A hybrid active load and ideal synchronous condenser‐based model for STATCOM applied to power flow studies (2019)

This study proposes a generalised STATCOM model employing active load and ideal synchronous condenser representation and its related power flow solution. The proposed method considers the effects of DC side voltage, internal switching losses, and operation mode on the power flow problem. To such aim, the proposed model tackles with a tap changing transformer accompanied by a variable conductance at the DC side in order to model the switching losses. This model can also take into account voltage regulation, reactive power control as well as amplitude modulation ratio and practical limitations. It is worth noting that the proposed model can be easily used for power flow studies by applying ordinary changes to the prevalent Newton–Raphson‐based power flow methods. The introduced model is applied to two test systems including IEEE 14‐Bus system, followed by a discussion on results.
71‐YEAR‐OLD FEMALE WITH RIGHT EYE PROPTOSIS (2011)

Meningiomas that arise outside the cranial vault without a dural connection comprise about 1–2% of all meningiomas and are referred to as primary extradural meningiomas (PEMs), intraosseous type 1. When these tumors occur within bone, they may be initially misinterpreted radiologically as a primary bone lesion.We report the case of a 71-year-old woman found to have a right lateral orbital wall mass without dural involvement. Pathology confirmed a PEM and we review the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of this case.
Increased cAMP Signaling Can Ameliorate the Hypertensive Condition in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2008)

cAMP signaling down-stream of cAMP was functional in SHR, and opposed alpha(1)-adrenoceptor vasoconstriction in both strains. G(i) activity greatly influenced the TPVR baseline and adrenergic TPVR responses, and its activity appeared increased in SHR. Therapeutics aiming to increase signaling through this pathway may turn out to be valuable in the treatment of hypertension.
Estimating the Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Membranes Using a Fracture Percolation Model (2019)

During fuel cell operation, the polymer electrolyte membranes are subjected to chemical and mechanical degradation that have an adverse impact on the membrane lifetime and thus overall durability of the fuel cell. To understand the synergistic effect of these two fundamentally different modes of degradation, it is therefore essential to consider both these effects when modeling membrane failure. A kinetic approach using a fracture percolation model is presented in this work that takes into consideration the hazard rates of chemical and mechanical degradation of the membrane incorporated into a two-dimensional membrane lattice network. While the chemical hazard rate is based on the rate of mass loss occurring during fuel cell operation, the mechanical hazard rate is evaluated based on a stress-induced, thermally activated process. The model captures the characteristic mechanisms of failure under the action of these fundamentally different modes, and converts the hazard functions into realistic time scale. The individual effects of the two modes are then incorporated in the model to predict in agreement with measured data, the time to fracture initiation in the membrane for a given combination of chemical and mechanical load.
A Framework for Optimization on Battery Cycle Life (2018)

In this study we develop a general approach to optimize battery cycle life while fulfilling both energy and power requirements. By investigating the impact of various battery parameters on energy density, power density and battery cycle life, we find that traditional energy and power density optimization does not lead to good battery cycle life: they have to be optimized together. This paper provides the battery cycle life optimization framework, algorithm and procedure that integrate energy density and power density constraints. We find that higher energy and power densities require smaller particle sizes in both the anode and the cathode, while better battery cycle life requires larger particle size in the anode and smaller particle size in the cathode. A significant increase of cycle life can be achieved by targeting an energy density slightly lower than the achievable maximum to free up the design space. The optimization procedure developed in this study can provide useful guidance for battery design and manufacturing.
Late survival benefit of percutaneous coronary intervention compared with medical therapy in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion: a 10-year follow-up study (2020)

Abstract Background As an initial treatment strategy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) did not show mid-term survival benefits compared with optimal medical therapy (OMT). Purpose To compare 10-year clinical outcomes between OMT and PCI in CTO patients. Methods Between March 2003 and February 2012, 2,024 patients with CTO were enrolled in a single center registry and followed for about 10 years. We excluded CTO patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, and classified patients into the OMT group (n=664) or PCI group (n=883) according to initial treatment strategy. Propensity-score matching was performed to minimize potential selection bias. The primary outcome was cardiac death. Results In the PCI group, 699 patients (79.2%) underwent successful revascularization. Clinical and angiographic characteristics revealed more comorbidities and more complex lesions in the OMT group than in the PCI group. At 10 years, the PCI group had lower risks of cardiac death (10.4% versus 22.3%; HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.57; p&amp;lt;0.001) than the OMT group. After the propensity-score matching analyses, the PCI group had lower risks of cardiac death (13.6% versus 20.8%; HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44 to 0.88; p=0.007), acute myocardial infarction (6.3% versus 11.2%; HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.91; p=0.02), any revascularization (23.9% versus 32.2%; HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.88; p=0.004) than the OMT group. The beneficial effects of CTO PCI were consistent across various subgroups (all p-values for interaction: non-significant). Conclusions As an initial treatment strategy, PCI reduced late cardiac death compared with OMT in CTO patients. Cardiac death in matched population Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Investigation of Packaged High-Voltage 4H SiC pin Diodes in the 20-700 ºC Temperature Range (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Phase 1b study of oral CP-868,596, a highly specific PDGFR inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel. (2007)

A148 CP-868,596 is a highly specific inhibitor of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) tyrosine kinase, with nanomolar potency. PDGFR inhibition is antiangiogenic and may modulate tumor interstitial pressure, both of which may increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. The primary objective of this study was to assess the safety and tolerability of CP-868,596 in combination with Doc (docetaxel). Methods: Phase 1 dose escalation study of CP-868,596 given orally, twice daily in combination with docetaxel in 21 day cycles. Endpoints included safety, tolerability, PK and antitumor activity. Patients received 100 mg BID of CP-868,596 given on an empty stomach over 14 days, followed by a cohort dose (60 or 100 mg BID given with food) for 7 days. On day 22, Doc (75 mg/m2 or 100 mg/m2 IV) was administered. Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs) and clinical laboratories. PK samples for each patient were collected on Day 15 (CP-868,596 only) and for CP-868,596 and Doc on Days 21-23 . PK parameters were estimated by non compartmental techniques. Results: 33 pts were treated with demographics M:F = 24:9; 97% Caucasian, median age 55 (range 25-78); PS 0-1 97%. Primary tumor sites: NSCLC (24.2%), G.I. malignancy (21.2%), Sarcoma (21.2%), Prostate (12.1%), and Other (21.1%). AEs possibly related to CP-868,596 in over 10% of pts included nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and lethargy. AEs were generally CTC grade 1-2 and reversible. DLTs included febrile neutropenia (2), and nausea and vomiting (2). Cmax and AUC0-12hr of CP-868,596 (n=11) were not different when administered at 100 mg BID with food either as a single agent or combined with docetaxel (75 mg/m2). Evidence of antitumor activity was observed, including one patient with a clinical response to single-agent CP-868,596. Conclusions: CP-868,596 at the RP2D of 100 mg BID can be combined with Doc at both 75 and 100 mg/m2 without a significant increase in toxicity. PK interactions between CP-868,596 and docetaxel was not evident in the preliminary analysis. Clincial response was observed.
Acid resistance of Helicobacter pylori depends on the UreI membrane protein and an inner membrane proton barrier (2000)

ureI encodes an inner membrane protein of Helicobacter pylori. The role of the bacterial inner membrane and UreI in acid protection and regulation of cytoplasmic urease activity in the gastric microorganism was studied. The irreversible inhibition of urease when the organism was exposed to a protonophore (3,3',4', 5-tetrachlorsalicylanide; TCS) at acidic pH showed that the inner membrane protected urease from acid. Isogenic ureI knockout mutants of several H. pylori strains were constructed by replacing the ureI gene of the urease gene cluster with a promoterless kanamycin resistance marker gene (kanR). Mutants carrying the modified ureAB-kanR-EFGH operon all showed wild-type levels of urease activity at neutral pH in vitro. The mutants resisted media of pH > 4.0 but not of pH < 4.0. Whereas wild-type bacteria showed high levels of urease activity below pH 4.0, this ability was not retained in the ureI mutants, resulting in inhibition of metabolism and cell death. Gene complementation experiments with plasmid-derived H. pylori ureI restored wild-type properties. The activation of urease activity found in structurally intact but permeabilized bacteria treated with 0.01% detergent (polyoxy-ethylene-8-laurylether; C12E8), suggested a membrane-limited access of urea to internal urease at neutral pH. Measurement of 14C-urea uptake into Xenopus oocytes injected with ureI cRNA showed acid activation of uptake only in injected oocytes. Acceleration of urea uptake by UreI therefore mediates the increase of intracellular urease activity seen under acidic conditions. This increase of urea permeability is essential for H. pylori survival in environments below pH 4.0. ureI-independent urease activity may be sufficient for maintenance of bacterial viability above pH 4.0.
Lateral, normal, and longitudinal spring constants of atomic force microscopy cantilevers (1994)

For a V-shaped atomic force microscopy cantilever beam, the spring constants in the three principal directions are given in terms of the beam geometry and material properties. For the lateral stiffness, a closed-formed expression is presented. Also, the normal and the longitudinal stiffness are obtained from a few simple equations. The results are compared with a finite element study and found to be very accurate. All spring constants depend strongly on the cantilever thickness, which is difficult to measure. In addition, the lateral and longitudinal stiffness are sensitive to the location and the height of the attached pyramid.
Automatic Camera Network Localization using Object Image Tracks (2007)

Camera networks are being used in more applications as different types of sensor networks are used to instrument large spaces. Here we show a method for localizing the cameras in a camera network to recover the orientation and position up to scale of each camera, even when cameras are wide-baseline or have different photometric properties. Using moving objects in the scene, we use an intra-camera step and an inter-camera step in order to localize. The intra-camera step compares frames from a single camera to build the tracks of the objects in the image plane of the camera. The inter-camera step uses these object image tracks from each camera as features for correspondence between cameras. We demonstrate this idea on both simulated and real data.
Radiation Exposure of relatives of patients treated with Ra-223 dichloride in Germany - Results of the “RAPSODY” study (2015)

1456 Objectives The multicenter study RAPSODY was conducted to assess the radiation exposure of relatives and caregivers of patients suffering from CRPC with symptomatic bone metastases and treated with Ra-223 dichloride in an outpatient setting. As Ra-223 and most of its progeny emit alpha particles, the internal exposure had to be evaluated in particular. Methods The external radiation was measured in a distance of 1 and 2 m using standard dose-rate meters. Wipe-tests were taken in the patients’ homes to identify significant contaminations and evaluated by liquid scintillation counting. Samples of saliva and sweat were taken and measured using gamma spectrometry. The noble gas Rn-219 was measured in the exhaled breath from the patients using conventional Radon Monitors. The results of the exhalation measurements were used in a computational fluid dynamics simulation (CFD) to assess the radioactivity in the air, which could be inhaled by persons close to the patient. Results The external exposure from the patients measured 10-20 min p.i. was 0.05 μSv/h in median in 1 m distance (range: below detection limit ( Conclusions The potential exposure of relatives by external irradiation and incorporation of radioactivity exhaled or excreted by the patient with saliva or sweat is well below 1 mSv. No objections are seen regarding outpatient treatment.
Multifunctional Composite Nanofibers for Smart Structures (2011)

Abstract : Encouraged by the successful fabrication and characterization of functional composite nanofibers we proceeded to further optimize the continuous yarn fabrication process and characterize the properties of the yarns from composite nanofibers. With the functional composite nanofiber structures (yarn and nonwoven) characterized we explored the feasibility of integrating these functional composite fibers into electronic devices and higher order structures. To facilitate the formation of complex device shapes the technology of converting composite nanofiber yarns to 3D braided structures was also explored. Specifically the objective of this two-year program was to develop the enabling composite nanofiber based materials for smart sensors/actuators and smart structures. This objective was achieved through (1) Fabrication and optimization of composite linear and 3D fibrous structures; (2). Exploration of the feasibility of nanofiber based super capacitor and Lithium Ion battery; (3) Characterization and validation of materials and sub element performance using EMI shield as an example; and (4) Development and integration of components for chemical sensor.
Investigations into the Control of Biofilm Damage with Relevance to Built Heritage (BIODAM) (2006)

This publication describes the results of a 3 year EC-funded R&amp;D project (BIODAM) which investigated the effects of biological colonisation on heritage surfaces and evaluated of novel, low toxicity treatments for their ability to control of biofilms and for their compatibility with conservation products.
Dispersion of linear and nonlinear optical properties of benzene: An a b i n i t i o time-dependent coupled-perturbed Hartree–Fock study (1991)

Frequency-dependent polarizability α and second hyperpolarizability γ corresponding to various third-order nonlinear optical processes have been calculated by ab initio time-dependent coupled-perturbed Hartree–Fock method. The selection of proper diffuse functions in the basis set is made from a comparison of the calculated values of a(ω) at two optical wavelengths (λ=589 and 632.3 nm) and that of γ (−2ω; 0, ω, ω) at λ=1064 nm with the reported experimental values at these wavelengths. It is found that a 4-31G basis with a diffuse p and a diffuse d function, in addition to properly describing various elements, yields the values of α and γ which are, respectively, within 7% and 5% of the corresponding experimental results. The in-plane components of α show a larger frequency dispersion compared to the out-of-plane component. The calculated values of γ for the electric field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) at five optical wavelengths are within 5%–14% of the reported experimental results. However, a somewhat larger discrepancy between the calculated and measured values of γ for third harmonic generation (THG) and γ for degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) is found. The order of the γ values for various third-order processes is γ(THG) &amp;gt;γ(EFISH) &amp;gt;γ(DFWM) &amp;gt;γ(EFIKE) ≊γ(EFIOR), where EFIKE and EFIOR, respectively, represent electric field-induced Kerr effect and electric field-induced optical rectification. The elements of γ show deviation from the Kleinman symmetry even at lower optical frequencies.
Biomimetic coating of apatite/collagen composite on Poly L-lactic Acid facilitates cell seeding (2005)

Collagen and apatite were co-precipitated as a composite coating on poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) in an accelerated biomimetic process. The coating formed on PLLA films after 24 hours incubation was characterized. Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells were used to evaluate the cell seeding on this biomimetic composite coating. It was shown that cell seeding on PLLA films with the composite coating was greatly improved. PLLA coated with submicron collagen fibrils and submicron apatite particulates can facilitate bone tissue engineering.
The Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein (PTB) Represses Splicing of Exon 6B from the β-Tropomyosin Pre-mRNA by Directly Interfering with the Binding of the U2AF65 Subunit (2006)

Splicing of exon 6B from the beta-tropomyosin pre-mRNA is repressed in nonmuscle cells and myoblasts by a complex array of intronic elements surrounding the exon. In this study, we analyzed the proteins that mediate splicing repression of exon 6B through binding to the upstream element. We identified the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) as a component of complexes isolated from myoblasts that assemble onto the branch point region and the pyrimidine tract. In vitro splicing assays and PTB knockdown experiments by RNA interference demonstrated that PTB acts as a repressor of splicing of exon 6B. Using psoralen experiments, we showed that PTB acts at an early stage of spliceosome assembly by preventing the binding of U2 snRNA on the branch point. Using UV cross-linking and immunoprecipitation experiments with site-specific labeled RNA in PTB-depleted nuclear extracts, we found that the decrease in PTB was correlated with an increase in U2AF65. In addition, competition experiments showed that PTB is able to displace the binding of U2AF65 on the polypyrimidine tract. Our results strongly support a model whereby PTB competes with U2AF65 for binding to the polypyrimidine tract.