gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Irreversible Electroporation and Nivolumab Combined with Intratumoral Administration of a Toll-Like Receptor Ligand, as a Means of In Vivo Vaccination for Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PANFIRE-III). A Phase-I Study Protocol (2021)

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided tumor ablation technique with the ability to generate a window for the establishment of systemic antitumor immunity. IRE transiently alters the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment while simultaneously generating antigen release, thereby instigating an adaptive immune response. Combining IRE with immunotherapeutic drugs, i.e., electroimmunotherapy, has synergistic potential and might induce a durable antitumor response. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of the combination of IRE with IMO-2125 (a toll-like receptor 9 ligand) and/or nivolumab in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). In this randomized controlled phase I clinical trial, 18 patients with mPDAC pretreated with chemotherapy will be enrolled in one of three study arms: A (control): nivolumab monotherapy; B: percutaneous IRE of the primary tumor followed by nivolumab; or C: intratumoral injection of IMO-2125 followed by percutaneous IRE of the primary tumor and nivolumab. Assessments include contrast enhanced computed tomography (ceCT), <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>1</sup><sup>8</sup>F-BMS-986192 (PD-L1) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT, biopsies of the primary tumor and metastases, peripheral blood samples, and quality of life and pain questionnaires. There is no curative treatment option for patients with mPDAC, and palliative chemotherapy regimens only moderately improve survival. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative and radically different treatment approaches. Should electroimmunotherapy establish an effective and durable anti-tumor response, it may ultimately improve PDAC's dismal prognosis.
Vinylidene fluoride polymerization by metal-free selective activation of hydrogen peroxide: microstructure determination and mechanistic study (2021)

Hydrogen peroxide-initiated radical polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) at 130 °C in dimethyl carbonate is presented.
Low temperature fabrication of immersion capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers on silicon and dielectric substrates (2004)

A maximum processing temperature of 250/spl deg/C is used to fabricate capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) on silicon and quartz substrates for immersion applications. Fabrication on silicon provides a means for electronics integration via post-complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processing without sacrificing device performance. Fabrication on quartz reduces parasitic capacitance and allows the use of optical displacement detection methods for CMUTs. The simple, low-temperature process uses metals both as the sacrificial layer for improved dimensional control, and as the bottom electrode for good electrical conductivity and optical reflectivity. This, combined with local sealing of the vacuum cavity by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition of silicon nitride, provides excellent control of lateral and vertical dimensions of the CMUTs for optimal device performance. In this paper, the fabrication process is described in detail, including process recipes and material characterization results. The CMUTs fabricated for intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging in the 10-20 MHz range and interdigital CMUTs for microfluidic applications in the 5-20 MHz range are presented as device examples. Intra-array and wafer-to-wafer process uniformity is evaluated via electrical impedance measurements on 64-element ring annular IVUS imaging arrays fabricated on silicon and quartz wafers. The resonance frequency in air and collapse voltage variations are measured to be within 1% and 5%, respectively, for both cases. Acoustic pressure and pulse echo measurements also have been performed on 128 /spl mu/m/spl times/32 /spl mu/m IVUS array elements in water, which reveal a performance suitable for forward-looking IVUS imaging at about 16 MHz.
Delivery Vehicles for Zerovalent Metal Nanoparticles in Soil and Groundwater (2004)

Anionic, hydrophilic carbon (Fe/C) and poly(acrylic acid)-supported (Fe/PAA) zerovalent iron nanoparticles were studied as a reactive material for the dehalogenation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater and soils. The transport of Fe/C nanoparticles was studied by elution through columns packed with model soils from different regions of the USDA soil textural triangle, and was compared to that of unsupported Fe nanoparticles. The Fe/C and Fe/PAA particles form colloidal suspensions that settle very slowly (hours to days) in water. Their anionic surface charge facilitates transport through soil- and sand-packed columns. Elution lengths from column breakthrough studies were compared with calculations based on the Tufenkji−Elimelech model (Environ Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 529). It can be concluded from this comparison that nanoparticle diffusion is the dominant filtration mechanism, and that Fe/PAA and Fe/C particles have sticking coefficients on the order of 0.36 and ≤0.07, respectively, in sand and 0.05 and ≤0.01, respectively, in clay-rich Chagrin soil. In contrast, unsupported Fe nanoparticles rapidly agglomerate in water and are efficiently filtered by all of the soils tested, except for the clay-rich soil in which clay platelets may also act as an anionic support material. Trichloroethylene reduction by Pd-catalyzed Fe/C is rapid, and the reaction is unchanged by elution of a suspension of the material through a sand column.
All Inorganic Mixed Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal–Graphene Hybrid Photodetector: From Ultrahigh Gain to Photostability (2019)

Hybrid graphene-perovskite photodetectors embrace the excellent photoabsorption properties of perovskites and high carrier mobility of graphene in a single device. Here, we demonstrate the integration of halide-ion-exchanged CsPbBr<sub><i>x</i></sub>I<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> nanocrystals (NCs) as a photoabsorber and graphene as a transport layer. The NCs conform to a cubic lattice structure and exhibit an optical band gap of 1.93 eV. The hybrid device attained a maximum responsivity of 1.13 × 10<sup>4</sup> A/W and specific detectivity of 1.17 × 10<sup>11</sup> Jones in low light intensity (∼80 μW/cm<sup>2</sup>). Specifically, an ultrahigh photoconductive gain of 9.32 × 10<sup>10</sup> is attained because of fast hole transit time in the graphene transistor and long recombination lifetime in the perovskite NCs simultaneously. The phototransistor also shows good stability and can maintain ∼95% of the photocurrent under continuous illumination over 5 h and ∼82% under periodic illumination over 37 h. Our results also revealed that the common issue of ion separation and segregated halide domains in mixed halide perovskite NCs do not occur under low light intensities. The intensive degradation of CsPbBr<sub><i>x</i></sub>I<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> NCs is only observed under stronger light excitation (≥55 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>), reflecting as emission shifts. Our work establishes the use of fully inorganic perovskite NCs as highly stable photodetectors with high responsivity and low power light detection.
Determination of the relaxation spectrum by a regularization method (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of the relaxation spectrum by a regularization methodJ. Honerkamp and J. WeeseCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 11, 4372–4377Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00201a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00201a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations203LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
18F Labeled Nanoparticles for in Vivo PET-CT Imaging (2009)

We report the synthesis and in vivo characterization of an 18F modified trimodal nanoparticle (18F-CLIO). This particle consists of cross-linked dextran held together in core-shell formation by a superparamagnetic iron oxide core and functionalized with the radionuclide 18F in high yield via "click" chemistry. The particle can be detected with positron emission tomography, fluorescence molecular tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The presence of 18F dramatically lowers the detection threshold of the nanoparticles, while the facile conjugation chemistry provides a simple platform for rapid and efficient nanoparticle labeling.
Channeling of relativistic laser pulses in underdense plasmas and subsequent electron acceleration (2013)

This contribution is concerned with the nonlinear behavior of a relativistic laser pulse focused in an underdense plasma and with the subsequent generation of fast electrons. Specifically, we study the interaction of laser pulses having their intensity Iλ2 in the range [1019, 1020] W/cm2 μm2, focused in a plasma of electron density n0 such that the ratio n0/nc lies in the interval [10−3, 2 × 10−2], nc denoting the critical density; the laser pulse power PL exceeds the critical power for laser channeling Pch. The laser-plasma interaction in such conditions is investigated by means of 3D Particle in Cell (PIC) simulations. It is observed that the laser front gives rise to the excitation of a surface wave which propagates along the sharp boundaries of the electron free channel created by the laser pulse. The mechanism responsible for the generation of the fast electrons observed in the PIC simulations is then analyzed by means of a test particles code. It is thus found that the fast electrons are generated by the combination of the betatron process and of the acceleration by the surface wave. The maximum electron energy observed in the simulations with Iλ2 = 1020 W/cm2 μm2 and n0/nc = 2 × 10−2 is 350 MeV.
TREC-COVID: Constructing a Pandemic Information Retrieval Test Collection (2020)

TREC-COVID is a community evaluation designed to build a test collection that captures the information needs of biomedical researchers using the scientific literature during a pandemic. One of the key characteristics of pandemic search is the accelerated rate of change: the topics of interest evolve as the pandemic progresses and the scientific literature in the area explodes. The COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to capture this progression as it happens. TREC-COVID, in creating a test collection around COVID-19 literature, is building infrastructure to support new research and technologies in pandemic search.
Comparative study of engine horse power of wooden purse seiners of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra (2016)

For the wooden purse seiners fitted with below 100 hp engine in operation from Mirkarwada Fishing Harbour, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, overall length ranged from 11.88 to 16.02 m, breadth at midship 3.63 to 7.2 m, depth of vessel was between 1.77 to 2.09 m, length of freeboard 1.0376 to 1.1941 m, draught 1.0411 to 1.7058 m, length of keel 10.64 to 14.28 m and gross tonnage 30.15 to 8.44 tons. Whereas, for wooden purse seiners fitted with 100 to 200 hp engine, overall ranged from 11.39 to 19.1 m, breadth at midship 2.28 to 7.7 m, depth of vessel 1.96 to 3.4 m, length of freeboard 0.8070 to 1.2147 m, draught 0.8941 to 2 m, length of keel 8.81 to 14.28 m. and gross tonnage 32.11 to 78.44 tons. All wooden purse seiners were fitted with Ashok Leyland make six cylinder inboard diesel engines with their fuel consumption ranging from 15 to 17 lit/hr.
Learning with Side Information through Modality Hallucination (2016)

We present a modality hallucination architecture for training an RGB object detection model which incorporates depth side information at training time. Our convolutional hallucination network learns a new and complementary RGB image representation which is taught to mimic convolutional mid-level features from a depth network. At test time images are processed jointly through the RGB and hallucination networks to produce improved detection performance. Thus, our method transfers information commonly extracted from depth training data to a network which can extract that information from the RGB counterpart. We present results on the standard NYUDv2 dataset and report improvement on the RGB detection task.
Discrimination of Aqueous and Aeolian Paleoenvironments by Atomic Force Microscopy— A Database for the Characterization of Martian Sediments (2004)

In the search for aqueous habitats on Mars direct proof of (ancient) flowing water is still lacking, although remote sensing has provided indications of young fluvial systems. To demonstrate that such proof can be given, we examined surface marks on recent terrestrial sand grains by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and applied a quantitative three-dimensional analysis that can numerically distinguish between aeolian and aquatic transport mechanisms in sedimentary deposits on Earth. The surfaces of natural quartz grains as well as olivine, feldspar pyroxene, and monazite sands of known origin were imaged, each image yielding a three-dimensional map of the mineral surface. A fully automated analysis of distribution patterns of the structural elements that constitute the grain surfaces shows that wind-transported quartz grains have short linear elements irregularly distributed on the surface. Linear elements on water-transported grains, however, are longer with orientations that reflect the mineral symmetry. Because the surface patterns found on aqueous grains are due to preferential etching, they can be used as diagnostic fingerprints for the existence of past or present aqueous transport systems. We used a cluster analysis of the cross-correlation distance of distribution patterns in the structures of aeolian and aquatic sand grains to build a phenogram that provides a map for the relationship of the various sediments found on earth. The analysis shows that the method is highly significant and that water and wind transport can clearly be differentiated. In particular, feldspar and olivine sands contributed even more to the discrimination than quartz grains, which indicated that the method is promising for its application on future missions to Mars. Assuming that martian aqueous sand grains exhibit similar erosional patterns to mineral grains on Earth, simple AFM experiments on a Mars lander would be capable of proving the activity of flowing water in modern runoff systems and of analyzing the paleoenvironments of Mars.
Purification and identification of an antioxidant peptide from Pinctada fucata muscle (2017)

Pinctada fucata muscles were hydrolysed by alcalase and filtered using ultrafiltration membranes to obtain peptides with molecular weights (MWs) less than 5 kDa. The percolate was then freeze-dried and named crude antioxidant peptides mixture from Pinctada fucata muscles (AOP). In this study, AOP was purified sequentially using sephadex gel chromatography, next reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The MW of the antioxidant peptide from P. fucata muscle was 1039.56 Da. The amino acid sequence was Gly–Ala–Gly–Leu–Pro–Gly–Lys–Arg–Glu–Arg based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The natural peptide exhibits good scavenging capacity against free radicals; the IC50 of scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ∙OH of FC2 were closer to vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluence; however, the IC50 values of ⋅O2− of FC2 were a bit poor. Its antioxidant activity was attributed to the hydrophobic amino acid residues enriched in the N-terminal and electrophilic ability mediated by Glu and electron acceptors such as Lys and Arg. The synthesized peptide exhibited a reduced ability to scavenge free radicals compared to the natural peptide. The proposed method is a feasible technique to prepare antioxidant peptides from P. fucata and could be useful to obtain ingredients in nutraceutical and cosmetic applications.
A Short-Term Borrelia burgdorferi Infection Model Identifies Tissue Tropisms and Bloodstream Survival Conferred by Adhesion Proteins (2015)

Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease in the United States, is able to persist in the joint, heart, skin, and central nervous system for the lifetime of its mammalian host. Borrelia species achieve dissemination to distal sites in part by entry into and travel within the bloodstream. Much work has been performed in vitro describing the roles of many B. burgdorferi outer surface proteins in adhesion to host cell surface proteins and extracellular matrix components, although the biological relevance of these interactions is only beginning to be explored in vivo. A need exists in the field for an in vivo model to define the biological roles of B. burgdorferi adhesins in tissue-specific vascular interactions. We have developed an in vivo model of vascular interaction of B. burgdorferi in which the bacteria are injected intravenously and allowed to circulate for 1 h. This model has shown that the fibronectin binding protein BB0347 has a tropism for joint tissue. We also have shown an importance of the integrin binding protein, P66, in binding to vasculature of the ear and heart. This model also revealed unexpected roles for Borrelia adhesins BBK32 and OspC in bacterial burdens in the bloodstream. The intravenous inoculation model of short-term infection provides new insights into critical B. burgdorferi interactions with the host required for initial survival and tissue colonization.
How to Leverage High Altitude Platforms in Green Computing? (2023)

Terrestrial data centers suffer from a growing carbon footprint that could contribute with $14\%$ to global CO2 emissions by 2040. High Altitude Platform (HAP) is a promising airborne technology that can unleash the computing frontier in the stratospheric range by hosting a flying data center. HAP systems can endorse the sustainable green operation of data centers thanks to the naturally low atmospheric temperature that saves cooling energy and its large surface that can host solar panels covering energy requirements. Throughout this article, we define the operation limitations of this innovative solution and study the energy-efficiency-related trade-offs. Then, we shed light on the significance of the scalability of the data center-enabled HAP architecture by investigating potential bottlenecks and proposing different deployment scenarios to avoid network congestion. We also highlight the importance of the management agility of the data center-enabled HAP system by defining effective management techniques that yield high-performing data centers. Our results demonstrate that deploying a single data center-enabled HAP can save $12\%$ of the electricity costs.
Eye Contact and Face Scanning in Early Infancy (1977)

Visual fixations of 3- to 5-week-old, 7-week-old, and 9- to 11-week-old infants were recorded as they scanned an adult's face which was stationary, moving, or talking. A dramatic increase in face fixations occurred between 5 and 7 weeks for all conditions. Talking produced an intensification of scanning in the eye area in the two older groups.
TU‐D‐332‐09: Estimating Temperature From the Magnetic Nanoparticle Magnetization (2008)

Purpose: We present a method of non‐invasively estimating the temperature of magnetic nanoparticles in vivo. The method has wide application including monitoring magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia to obtain effective thermal doses. Method and Materials: The signal from magnetic nanoparticles is generated by applying a pure sinusoidal magnetic field and observing the signal at the harmonic frequencies produced by the nanoparticles. The Langevin function model of the nanoparticle magnetization predicts a balance between the forces induced by the applied magnetic field and thermal motion of the nanoparticles. The ratio of the fifth and third harmonics is uniquely related to the temperature if the saturation magnetization and particle size distribution remain constant. Therefore, when the ratio of the harmonics is known at one calibration temperature, subsequent temperature changes can be assessed from the ratio of the harmonics. The method was tested using samples of Feridex™ at temperatures between 0°C and 100°C. After the sample reached equilibrium with a water bath of known temperature, the fifth and third harmonics of a 10mT, 9kHz sinusoidal field were measured using a pickup coil and a lockin amplifier. The temperature was estimated numerically using a spline interpolation of the Langevin function with a sinusoidal argument. Results: The ratio of the fifth to the third harmonics was shown numerically and experimentally to increase monotonically with increasing amplitude of the sinusoid in the Langevin function and the amplitude is inversely related to the temperature, P‐value of 0.0053. However, the intercept was not zero as expected, probably an artifact of the size distribution. The error in the calculated temperature estimate depends on the size distribution and temperature range used but the error was small: the standard deviation was 0.44 degrees. Conclusion: The temperature of magnetic nanoparticles can be estimated in the physiologic range using the ratio of the harmonics.
Determining the Response of Citrus Plants to Reduced Nitrogen Fertilization (2021)

It is well known that there is a greater demand for food, due to a larger global population. To cope with this situation, conventional agriculture uses various strategies, the most important of which being the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers. However, inappropriate and excessive use of these fertilizers leads to the appearance of serious environmental problems, such as the pollution of aquifers or the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs. In order to solve this problem, several studies have been conducted on various crops, seeking to find the optimization point in the use of these fertilizers, in order to guarantee high crop yields in a sustainable way. In our work, we determine the optimal amount of nitrogen for rootstock citrus crops (Citrus macrophylla) grown in controlled temperature and light conditions. Reduction to 50% of nitrogen content was studied through the analysis of several phenotypic (number of leaves, leaf area and fresh weight of roots) and biochemical (total proteins and enzymatic activities of nitrogen-fixing enzymes, such as nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase) parameters. Data obtained showed that there were no significant differences between plants grown under conditions of 100% nitrogen content and plants grown with 50% nitrogen content in all the analyzed parameters, except for the fact that plants grown with 50% of nitrogen content showed less leaf area than plants grown with 100% nitrogen content. This suggests that C. macrophylla plants are able to develop, transport and assimilate nitrogen with half nitrogen fertilization, without any symptom of plant stress.