gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured Assemblies for Dental Application (2010)

Millions of teeth are saved each year by root canal therapy. Although current treatment modalities offer high levels of success for many conditions, an ideal form of therapy might consist of regenerative approaches in which diseased or necrotic pulp tissues are removed and replaced with healthy pulp tissue to revitalize teeth. Melanocortin peptides (alpha-MSH) possess anti-inflammatory properties in many acute and chronic inflammatory models. Our recent studies have shown that alpha-MSH covalently coupled to poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA-alpha-MSH) retains anti-inflammatory properties on rat monocytes. This study aimed to define the effects of PGA-alpha-MSH on dental pulp fibroblasts. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated fibroblasts incubated with PGA-alpha-MSH showed an early time-dependent inhibition of TNF-alpha, a late induction of IL-10, and no effect on IL-8 secretion. However, in the absence of LPS, PGA-alpha-MSH induced IL-8 secretion and proliferation of pulp fibroblasts, whereas free alpha-MSH inhibited this proliferation. Thus, PGA-alpha-MSH has potential effects in promoting human pulp fibroblast adhesion and cell proliferation. It can also reduce the inflammatory state of LPS-stimulated pulp fibroblasts observed in gram-negative bacterial infections. These effects suggest a novel use of PGA-alpha-MSH as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of endodontic lesions. To better understand these results, we have also used the multilayered polyelectrolyte films as a reservoir for PGA-alpha-MSH by using not only PLL (poly-l-lysine) but also the Dendri Graft poly-l-lysines (DGL(G4)) to be able to adsorb more PGA-alpha-MSH. Our results indicated clearly that, by using PGA-alpha-MSH, we increase not only the viability of cells but also the proliferation. We have also analyzed at the nanoscale by atomic force microscopy these nanostructured architectures and shown an increase of thickness and roughness in the presence of PGA-alpha-MSH incorporated into the multilayered film (PLL-PGA-alpha-MSH)(10) or (DGL(G4)-PGA-alpha-MSH)(10) in accordance with the increase of the proliferation of the cells growing on the surface of these architectures. We report here the first use of nanostructured and functionalized multilayered films containing alpha-MSH as a new active biomaterial for endodontic regeneration.
GAS SENSING PROPERTIES AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF MULTI WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (2008)

Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) grown in highly ordered porous alumina templates were incorporated into a resistive gas sensor design and were evaluated for their sensitivities. The material characteristics and electrical properties of the nanotubes were analyzed. A study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of UV light on desorption characteristics and the dependence of sensitivity on (i) thickness of amorphous carbon layers and (ii) flow rates of analyte gases. These sensors were highly responsive to both oxidizing and reducing gases with steady state sensitivities of 5 % and 10 % for 100ppm of NH3 and NO2 respectively, at room temperature. As part of a comparative study, thick films of MWCNTs grown on Si/SiO2 substrates were integrated into various nano-composite based sensors and were evaluated for their response. Steady state sensitivities as high as 10 % and 11 % were achieved for 100ppm of NH3 and NO2 respectively, at room temperature. MWCNTs were characterized for their electrical properties by I–V measurements at room temperatures. A typical I-V curve with an ohmic behavior was observed for a device with high work function metals (example: Au, Pt); Schottky behavior was
Clinical trial design – towards better practices (2005)

Sample size, and inclusion and exclusion criteria should be clearly determined. Efficacy criteria should include mycological, clinical and total cure rates. Finally, studies of toenail and fingernail onychomycosis must last at least 18 and 9 months, respectively.
Output maximization control for DFIG wind turbines without using wind and shaft speed measurements (2009)

Wind turbine generators (WTGs) are usually equipped with mechanical sensors to measure wind speed and turbine shaft rotating speed for system monitoring, control, and protection. The use of these sensors increases the cost and hardware complexity and reduces the reliability of the WTG system. This paper proposes a novel real-time speed estimation algorithm for wind turbines equipped with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs). In the proposed algorithm, both the wind and turbine shaft speeds are estimated from the measured DFIG output electrical power. The estimated speeds are then used to determine the maximum power point of the DFIG wind turbine. A P-Q decoupled control strategy is developed to continuously regulate the DFIG at the maximum power point without the need of using any wind or turbine shaft speed sensors.
Optimizing Process Conditions in Friction Stir-Diffusion Lap Welding of Aluminum Alloy With Cold Rolled Steel (2018)

This paper deals with the development of friction stir diffusion bonding between 2 mm thick 5052 Aluminum alloy and Cold rolled Steel for cladding application. The investigation focuses on the effect of process conditions on tensile-shear strength of produced lap joint by considering four independent welding parameters: tool rotational speed, welding speed, tool axial force and tool offset in the consecutive pass. A short tool-pin was utilized to avoid tool penetration into the steel substrate and mechanical mixing between clad material and the substrate. In order to optimize the process parameters for maximum joint strength and minimize the number of tests, Taguchi orthogonal array L9 with four factors and three levels was used. Results revealed that tool rotational speed had the greatest influence on produced weld strength. On the other hand, the tool pin length or penetration depth was found to have more effect on weld strength than the axial force. Moreover, clamps’ rigidity had a great impact on joint strength. For the selected material and tool, the optimum welding conditions were found to be 1000 rpm rotational speed, 12 kN plunging force, 100 mm/min welding speed and 12 mm tool offset.
Immunoinformatics and Structural Analysis for Identification of Immunodominant Epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 as Potential Vaccine Targets (2020)

A new coronavirus infection, COVID-19, has recently emerged, and has caused a global pandemic along with an international public health emergency. Currently, no licensed vaccines are available for COVID-19. The identification of immunodominant epitopes for both B- and T-cells that induce protective responses in the host is crucial for effective vaccine design. Computational prediction of potential epitopes might significantly reduce the time required to screen peptide libraries as part of emergent vaccine design. In our present study, we used an extensive immunoinformatics-based approach to predict conserved immunodominant epitopes from the proteome of SARS-CoV-2. Regions from SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences were defined as immunodominant, based on the following three criteria regarding B- and T-cell epitopes: (i) they were both mapped, (ii) they predicted protective antigens, and (iii) they were completely identical to experimentally validated epitopes of SARS-CoV. Further, structural and molecular docking analyses were performed in order to understand the binding interactions of the identified immunodominant epitopes with human major histocompatibility complexes (MHC). Our study provides a set of potential immunodominant epitopes that could enable the generation of both antibody- and cell-mediated immunity. This could contribute to developing peptide vaccine-based adaptive immunotherapy against SARS-CoV-2 infections and prevent future pandemic outbreaks.
A Nested PCR Assay to Avoid False Positive Detection of the Microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in Environmental Samples in Shrimp Farms (2016)

Hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an important disease of cultivated shrimp. Heavy infections may lead to retarded growth and unprofitable harvests. Existing PCR detection methods target the EHP small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene (SSU-PCR). However, we discovered that they can give false positive test results due to cross reactivity of the SSU-PCR primers with DNA from closely related microsporidia that infect other aquatic organisms. This is problematic for investigating and monitoring EHP infection pathways. To overcome this problem, a sensitive and specific nested PCR method was developed for detection of the spore wall protein (SWP) gene of EHP (SWP-PCR). The new SWP-PCR method did not produce false positive results from closely related microsporidia. The first PCR step of the SWP-PCR method was 100 times (104 plasmid copies per reaction vial) more sensitive than that of the existing SSU-PCR method (106 copies) but sensitivity was equal for both in the nested step (10 copies). Since the hepatopancreas of cultivated shrimp is not currently known to be infected with microsporidia other than EHP, the SSU-PCR methods are still valid for analyzing hepatopancreatic samples despite the lower sensitivity than the SWP-PCR method. However, due to its greater specificity and sensitivity, we recommend that the SWP-PCR method be used to screen for EHP in feces, feed and environmental samples for potential EHP carriers.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A VIRUS INFECTING PHAEOCYSTIS POUCHETII (PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE)1 (1996)

ABSTRACT A virus infecting the haptophyte Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lagerheim was isolated from Norwegian coastal waters in May 1995 at the end of a bloom of this phytoplankter. The virus was specific for P. pouchetii because it did not lyse 10 strains of P. globosa Scherffel, Phaeocystis sp., and P. antarctica Karsten. It was a double‐stranded DNA virus, and the viral particle was a polyhedron with a diameter of 130–160 nm. The virus had a main polypeptide of about 59 kDa and at least five minor polypeptides between 30 and 50 kDa. The latent period of the virus when propagated in cultures of P. pouchetii was 12–18 h, and the time required for complete lysis of the cultures was about 48 h. The burst size was estimated to be 350–600 viral particles per lysed cell.
Oxymercuration of 2-benzyl-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one: explanation of stereoselectivity (1998)

C. F. Palmer and R. McCague, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1998, 2977 DOI: 10.1039/A805640D
OPTIOMAL OPERATION OF THERMALLY-COUPLED KAIBEL DISTILLATION COLUMNS (2010)

Abstract The objective of this paper is to study the Kaibel distillation column from operability point of view. Two different objectives, namely minimizing energy consumption at fixed product purities and maximizing product purities with a fixed boilup are considered. We have visualized the objective functions around the optimum. This can be used to get insight in column behavior and as a basis for control structure design. Keywords : Kaibel column, thermally coupled distillation columns, optimal operation 1. Introduction The thermally-coupled Petlyuk 1 distillation column separates the feed into three products in a prefractionator-sidestream arrangement with a direct coupling of vapor and liquid streams between prefractionator and main column. The arrangement has only a single reboiler and a single condenser. The divided-wall distillation column (DWC) realizes the fully thermally coupled Petlyuk column in a single shell. This arrangement can be further generalized by adding a second side stream to give the Kaibel
Efficient Synthesis of Iminoctadine, a Potent Antifungal Agent and Polyamine Oxidase Inhibitor (PAO) (2007)

Iminoctadine (1,17-diguanidino-9-azaheptadecane), isolated from a mixture of polyamines and guanidines known as guazatine that is used in agriculture as a fungicide, showed interesting activity as human antifungal agent and PAO inhibitor. In this paper, we propose a straightforward synthetic strategy for obtaining pure iminoctadine tris(trifluoroacetate) in high overall yield. © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Molluscicidal baits for control of terrestrial gastropods. (2002)

The active ingredients incorporated into molluscicidal baits (such as metaldehyde and carbamate compounds) for the control of terrestrial gastropods (including Deroceras reticulatum, Arion hortensis and Tandonia budapestensis); antifeedant properties of these chemicals; use of attractants, feeding stimulants, adjuvants and appropriate pellet size and density in the production of molluscicidal baits; factors that affect the field efficacy of these baits (weather, species and age variation in pest susceptibility, availability of alternative hosts, learning and habituation, bait persistence, and molluscicide resistance); field assessment of efficacy; and adverse effects on nontarget organisms are discussed.
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures (1991)

Abstract Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in high‐purity water has been measured at temperatures ranging 100 to 280°C in a laboratory test loop. A first‐order decomposition kinetics has been observed in all cases, but the decomposition rates were found to vary widely, depending on the material used in the reaction chamber. In a 4 mm ID stainless steel tubing, the decomposition rate constant is determined to be k = 2 × 10 5 exp(−14800/ RT ). This decomposition rate is approximately 100 times faster than that observed in a Teflon tubing. The variation of decomposition rate in different reaction chambers is attributed to the heterogeneous catalytic effects. There is no evidence of reaction between H 2 and H 2 O 2 in the highpurity water at temperatures up to 280°C.
Effect of Fatty Acid Derivatives on Rumen Methane and Propionate In Vitro (1971)

The effect of several fatty acid derivatives on methane and propionate in the rumen is described. A possible explanation for the observed inverse relationship between methane and propionate is given.
Functionally Graded Dual-nanoparticulate-reinforced Aluminium Matrix Bulk Materials Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (2014)

机能上地分级(FG ) 碳 nanotubes (CNT ) 和 nano 硅碳化物(nSiC ) 增强了铝(艾尔) 矩阵 composites 成功地用列在后面由的高精力的球 milling 被制作了固态火花血浆 sintering 过程。CNT 作为一个稳固的混合代理人在用 nSiC 的艾尔粒子是分散得好的。多围的 CNT 的二种不同类型被用来在一样的体积增加 CNT 的不同数量。球 milled Al–CNT–nSiC 和 Al–CNT 粉末混合物充分被使增加密度并且在 FG 以内没有严肃的 microcracks 和毛孔表明了好粘附多层合成。每层包含了 CNT 的不同数量，并且 nSiC 增加显示出不同微观结构和坚硬。控制 FG 的特征是可能的多层通过 Al–CNT–nSiC 坡度层的有效设计合成。这个概念提供一条可行途径因为制作 dual-nanoparticulate-reinforced 艾尔矩阵 nanocomposites 和罐头被用于象聚合物和陶器的系统那样的另外的情形。
Fabrication of microprisms for planar optical interconnections by use of analog gray-scale lithography with high-energy-beam–sensitive glass (1999)

For an integrated free-space optical interconnection system we suggest the use of microprisms to achieve large coupling angles at low loss. Prisms were fabricated in photoresist and quartz glass by analog lithography. High-energy-beam-sensitive glass was used as the gray-tone mask. Optical testing of the prisms shows acceptable surface quality and high efficiency (95%).
An automata-theoretic approach to branching-time model checking (2000)

Translating linear temporal logic formulas to automata has proven to be an effective approach for implementing linear-time model-checking, and for obtaining many extensions and improvements to this verification method. On the other hand, for branching temporal logic, automata-theoretic techniques have long been thought to introduce an exponential penalty, making them essentially useless for model-checking. Recently, Bernholtz and Grumberg [1993] have shown that this exponential penalty can be avoided, though they did not match the linear complexity of non-automata-theoretic algorithms. In this paper, we show that alternating tree automata are the key to a comprehensive automata-theoretic framework for branching temporal logics. Not only can they be used to obtain optimal decision procedures, as was shown by Muller et al., but, as we show here, they also make it possible to derive optimal model-checking algorithms. Moreover, the simple combinatorial structure that emerges from the automata-theoretic approach opens up new possibilities for the implementation of branching-time model checking and has enabled us to derive improved space complexity bounds for this long-standing problem.
Expression of the C-Met/HGF receptor in human breast carcinoma: Correlation with tumor progression (1997)

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) induces cell motility and tissue remodeling of various epithelial cells through its receptor, the product of the proto-oncogene c-met. High levels of HGF/SF have been correlated with poor prognosis in human breast carcinoma. In this study, we examined the expression of the c-Met receptor in human breast-carcinoma cells in vivo and in cultured cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy samples of human breast carcinoma indicated that, in normal mammary gland, c-Met is localized in the ductal epithelium. The level of expression of c-Met in primary carcinomas was maintained in autologous metastatic lymph-node lesions in some cases, and in other cases was elevated. Frequently there was evidence of heterogeneity in cellular expression of c-Met within individual tumors, suggesting that micro-environmental factors may regulate receptor expression. In an analysis of a panel of human breast-carcinoma cell lines, we found that moderately differentiated cell lines did not express detectable levels of c-Met and were not responsive to HGF. In contrast, poorly differentiated and invasive cell lines did express high levels of the receptor and responded to HGF by increased motility and invasiveness. Sensitivity to HGF/SF also correlated with expression of the c-Met 9-kb mRNA. No correlation was found between gene copy number and the expression level of c-Met protein or mRNA. When the moderately differentiated and c-Met-negative T47D cell line was transfected with c-DNA for c-met, the transfectants showed delayed cell scattering and migratory response to HGF. Thus, over-expression of c-Met in moderately differentiated carcinoma cells may be one of several attributes that contribute to an invasive phenotype during the progression of breast cancer.
Handling infinite temporal data (1990)

In this paper, we present a powerful framework for describing, storing, and reasoning about infinite temporal information. This framework is an extension of classical relational databases. It represents infinite temporal information by generalized tuples defined by linear repeating points and constraints on these points. We prove that relations formed from generalized tuples are closed under the operations of relational algebra. A characterization of the expressiveness of generalized relations is given in terms of predicates definable in Presburger arithmetic. Finally, we provide some complexity results.
Organosubstituted Phosphazenes. XII. He(I) Photoelectron Spectra of Selected Pheynl- and p-N,N-Dimethylaminophenylfluorocyclotriphosphazenes. (1979)

He(I) photoelectron Spectra are presented for P3N3F6-n (C6H5) (n=1,2,4) and P3N3F5C6H4N(CH3)2. Ionization energies are discussed in terms of perturbations of molecular orbitals of the parent aryl and phosphazene functions. The data confirm the strong electron withdrawing effect of the P3N3F5 moiety and show a dramatic decrease in this effect as fluorine atoms are replaced by phenyl groups. One also observes a significant destabilization of the phosphazene out of plane pi molecular orbital as the fluorine atoms are replaced by phenyl groups. The ionizations from the phenyl pi a2 and pi b1 orbitals are unresolved in phenyl phosphazenes thus demonstrating the lack of significant phosphazene - aryl mesomeric interactions. The electronic effect of the electron donating dimethylamino substituent on the phenyl unit is transmitted to the phosphazene through the sigma bond system. (Author)
State of Water in Disulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Copolymers and a Perfluorosulfonic Acid Copolymer (Nafion) and Its Effect on Physical and Electrochemical Properties (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTState of Water in Disulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Copolymers and a Perfluorosulfonic Acid Copolymer (Nafion) and Its Effect on Physical and Electrochemical PropertiesYu Seung Kim, Limin Dong, Michael A. Hickner, Thomas E. Glass, Vernon Webb, and James E. McGrathView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Institute for Polymeric Materials and Interfaces, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 Cite this: Macromolecules 2003, 36, 17, 6281–6285Publication Date (Web):August 1, 2003Publication History Received27 February 2003Published online1 August 2003Published inissue 1 August 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0301451https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0301451rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3757Altmetric-Citations315LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Differential scanning calorimetry,Fluoropolymers,Membranes,Water Get e-Alerts
Quantitative investigation of nanofluid imbibition in tight oil reservoirs based on NMR technique (2022)

Nanofluids have been effective chemical additives for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in tight oil reservoirs due to their special properties. However, oil imbibition recoveries vary for different nanofluids. The oil/water distribution in rocks during imbibition using various nanofluids was less discussed in previous studies. In this study, we systematically examined the imbibition efficiencies of various nanofluids at 60 °C. Furthermore, the migration of nanofluids and oil distribution in the rock pores were monitored using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The nanofluids were prepared by dispersing silica nanoparticles and five different types of surfactants (i.e., anionic-nonionic, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants in deionized (DI) water. Subsequently, interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle measurements were conducted to reveal the underlying EOR mechanisms of various nanofluids. The experimental results showed that the EOR potential of the different types of nanofluids was in the order anionic-nonionic > anionic > nonionic > amphoteric > cationic > brine. Anionic-nonionic (sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES)) and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS)) nanofluids exhibited excellent capability of wettability alteration, and increased oil recovery by 27.96% and 23.08%, respectively, compared to brine. The NMR results also showed that mesopores (0.1–1 μm) were the dominant developed pores in the rocks, and contributed the most to imbibition efficiency. In addition, the imbibition of nanofluids initially took place in mesopores and micropores before moving into macropores. This study provides fundamental information on the selection of nanofluids for EOR in tight oil reservoirs. The study also improved the understanding of oil/water distribution during the imbibition of the proposed nanofluids.