gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ACCURACY OF VISUAL FEEDBACK CONTROL OF BODY POSITION DURING TASK- ORIENTED SENSORIMOTOR EXERCISE IN VARIOUS POPULATIONS (2009)

The study compares the accuracy of visual feedback control of COP movement in antero-posterior and medio-lateral direction during task-oriented sensorimotor exercise in various populations. Individuals of different age and performance level (groups of healthy young adults – students of technical university, older women, and elite dancers), athletes of various specializations (competitors of snowboarding, windsurfing, cycling, rowing, canoeing, karate, and PE students), and athletes after lower limb injury (ankle, knee) volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects were provided by feedback on COM displacement on a computer screen while standing on dynamometric platform. Their task was to trace, by shifting COM, a curve flowing either in vertical or horizontal direction. The test consisted of three 30-seconds trials randomly performing in each direction. The deviation of instant COP position from the curve was recorded at 100 Hz by means of the system FiTRO Sway Check. Results showed that mean COP distance from horizontally and vertically flowing curves was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) lower in dancers (11.8 ± 2.3 mm and 10.1 ± 2.2 mm, respectively) than in students (14.8 ± 1.9 mm and 13.7 ± 2.0 mm, respectively) and older women (16.4 ± 2.6 mm and 14.5 ± 2.7 mm, respectively). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the COP distance from both curves in competitors of snowboarding and windsurfing (20.7 ± 2.2 mm and 20.1 ± 2.2 mm, respectively), karate (20.8 ± 2.7 mm and 20.3 ± 2.7 mm, respectively), PE students (21.5 ± 3.0 mm and 20.6 ± 2.6 mm, respectively), cyclists (22.6 ± 3.0 mm and 21.3 ± 2.7 mm, respectively), and rowers (23.0 ± 2.8 mm and 22.5 ± 2.2 mm, respectively). As in previous groups, there were no significant differences in mean COP distance from horizontally and vertically flowing curve in athletes after lower limb injury while performing the task on both legs (28.7 ± 2.5 mm and 27.0 ± 2.1 mm, respectively) and on non- injured leg (42.6 ± 4.6 mm and 33.3 ± 4.2 mm, respectively). However, its values were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in antero-posterior than in medio-lateral direction while standing on injured leg (50.8 ± 5.0 mm and 33.6 ± 4.5 mm, respectively). It may be concluded that the task-oriented test based on visual feedback control of body position can be applied for an evaluation of sensorimotor performance in subjects of different age and expertise, as well as in individuals after lower limb injury. Key words: athletes, individuals after lower limb injury, older people, sensorimotor parameters, task- oriented sensorimotor exercise, visual feedback control of body position
Physics Informed Topology Learning in Networks of Linear Dynamical\n Systems (2018)

Learning influence pathways of a network of dynamically related processes\nfrom observations is of considerable importance in many disciplines. In this\narticle, influence networks of agents which interact dynamically via linear\ndependencies are considered. An algorithm for the reconstruction of the\ntopology of interaction based on multivariate Wiener filtering is analyzed. It\nis shown that for a vast and important class of interactions, that respect flow\nconservation, the topology of the interactions can be exactly recovered. The\nclass of problems where reconstruction is guaranteed to be exact includes power\ndistribution networks, dynamic thermal networks and consensus networks. The\nefficacy of the approach is illustrated through simulation and experiments on\nconsensus networks, IEEE power distribution networks and thermal dynamics of\nbuildings.\n
The Donnan Membrane Principle: Opportunities for Sustainable Engineered Processes and Materials (2010)

The Donnan membrane principle can permit many engineered processes and materials to achieve better sustainability.
Happy Birthday to Us!!JIDReaches 100 (2004)

helped define the pathogenesis of both human pneumococcal infection and measles [2, 3] and characterized the longevity of the typhoid bacillus in water [4]. Over the next few years, important JID articles included reports on the initial isolation of the organism responsible for Rocky Mountain spotted fever and definition of its means of transmission [5], demonstration that an “ultramicroscopic” organism transmissible by culex mosquitoes was responsible for dengue [6], and the first demonstration of tularemia in humans, with isolation of the causative organism [7]. Reading through the pages of JID over
Determination of enzyme/substrate specificity constants using a multiple substrate ESI-MS assay (2004)

The traditional method used to investigate the reaction specificity of an enzyme with different substrates is to perform individual kinetic measurements. In this case, a series of varied concentrations are required to study each substrate and a non-regression analysis program is used several times to obtain all the specificity constants for comparison. To avoid the large amount of experimental materials, long analysis time, and redundant data processing procedures involved in the traditional method, we have developed a novel strategy for rapid determination of enzyme substrate specificity using one reaction system containing multiple competing substrates. In this multiplex assay method, the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) technique was used for simultaneous quantification of multiple products and a steady-state kinetics model was established for efficient specificity constant calculation. The system investigated was the bacterial sulfotransferase NodH (NodST), which is a host specific nod gene product that catalyzes the sulfate group transfer from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to natural Nod factors or synthetic chitooligosaccharides. Herein, the reaction specificity of NodST for four chitooligosaccharide acceptor substrates of different chain length (chitobiose, chitotriose, chitotetraose, and chitopentaose) was determined by both individual kinetic measurements and the new multiplex ESI-MS assay. The results obtained from the two methods were compared and found to be consistent. The multiplex ESI-MS assay is an accurate and valid method for substrate specificity evaluation, in which multiple substrates can be evaluated in one assay.
Analysis of standing waves in submillimeter-wave optics (2006)

In this paper, we report on a theoretical framework based on Gaussian Beam Mode Analysis for modelling standing waves in submillimetre optical systems. Standing waves or multiple reflections have been traditionally difficult to model but this analytical method proves to be very versatile in first order predictions. In previous papers we reported on the underlining theory and described some important examples including reflections between a feed horn and telescope secondary mirror and also reflections between two coupled corrugated horns. This technique can in addition be applied to reflections between components such as lenses and apertures. As our method uses a full multi-moded scattering matrix description of the feed horn (typically a corrugated horn), which is then transformed to equivalent free space Gaussian modes, multiple reflections between the source/detector device, located at the back of the horn, and any arbitrary surface in the optical path can be accurately analysed. An in-depth overview of the technique is presented including analysis of the eigenmodes or most natural mode set that describes the standing wave itself that can exist within a quasioptical system, which we hope will give new insights into optical cavity phenomena. We investigate mechanisms to reduce standing wave ripples often present in submillimeter optics and try to understand more deeply the form and structure of the reflected power component.
Supplementary Movie 3 from Real-time Imaging of Tumor-Cell Shedding and Trafficking in Lymphatic Channels (2023)

Supplementary Movie 3 from Real-time Imaging of Tumor-Cell Shedding and Trafficking in Lymphatic Channels
<title>Optical fiber sensors for measurement of strain and acoustic waves</title> (1993)

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor based on an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer is described. A single-mode fiber, used as the input/output fiber, and a multimode fiber, used solely as a reflector, form an air-gap that acts as a low-finesse Fabry-Perot cavity. The Fresnel reference reflection from the glass/air interface at the front of the air-gap interferes with the sensing reflection from the air/glass interface at the far end of the air-gap. Strains in the silica tube housing the two fibers change the air-gap length, thereby altering the phase difference between the reference and sensing reflections. A theoretical analysis of the interaction between the strain induced by elastic stress wave fields and the fiber sensor is presented. A dual optical wavelength stabilization technique is used to minimize signal drifts. Signal to noise ratios on the order of 39 dB are obtained with a sensitivity of 4 degree(s)/microsecond(s) train cm-1 for strain measurements. The sensor was also attached to a steel cantilever beam and submerged in liquid nitrogen. The sensor was used to measure strain at liquid nitrogen temperatures with typical errors of less than 10%.
Elastic Guided Waves in a Layered Plate With a Rectangular Cross Section (2002)

Ultrasonic guided waves in a layered elastic plate of rectangular cross section (finite width and thickness) are studied in this paper. A semi-analytical finite element method in which the deformation of the cross section is modeled by two-dimensional finite elements and analytical representation of propagating waves along the long dimension of the plate is used. The method is applicable to an arbitrary number of layers of anisotropic properties and is similar to that used earlier to study guided waves in layered anisotropic plates of infinite width. Numerical results are presented for acoustic phonon modes of quasi-one-dimensional (QID) wires. For homogeneous wires, these agree well with recently reported results for dispersion of these modes.
Age-associated risk of cancer among individuals with N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) mutations and mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. (2001)

Mutations in N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), a highly polymorphic enzyme involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and carcinogens, may affect risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), especially among individuals with germ-line mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. We determined the NAT2 genotypes and allele frequencies for 86 individuals with CRC who had mutations in hMLH1, hMSH2, or hPMS1. No significant difference in time to onset was observed between rapid (NAT2*4) and slow (NAT2*5, NAT2*6, and NAT2*7) acetylators. However, when individuals were stratified separately by NAT2 polymorphism (NAT2*5, NAT2*6, and NAT2*7), those who were heterozygous at the mutant locus NAT2*7 after adjustment for the NAT2 mutant loci NAT2*5 and NAT2*6 had a significantly higher risk of CRC (hazard ratio, 2.96; P = 0.012) and all of the cancers (hazard ratio, 3.37; P = 0.00004) than individuals homozygous for wild type at the NAT2*7 allele. These findings suggest that NAT2 genotype may be an important factor in tumorigenesis of CRC and cancers related to hereditary nonpolyposis CRC among individuals with mismatch repair defects.
Solution studies of the quaternary structure and assembly of human von Willebrand factor (1985)

The reversible association of protomers of von Willebrand protein (vWF) was studied in order to analyze the forces and mechanism of vWF polymer assembly. At concentrations of vWF found in plasma (approximately 16 micrograms/mL), disulfide bond reduction with 50 mM 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) markedly reduced both vWF activity, as measured by ristocetin-dependent platelet agglutination, and average polymer size (Rh, the mean hydrodynamic radius) in solution, as determined by quasi-elastic light scattering (QLS) and by gel filtration chromatography. With increasing vWF concentration, activity and Rh increased despite reduction of interprotomer disulfide bonds. Changes in temperature after 2-ME treatment produced reversible changes in activity and Rh. Varying the total vWF concentration at any given temperature after 2-ME treatment changed Rh in a consistent and predictable fashion, so that estimates of the dissociation constant for vWF protomer-polymer equilibrium were obtained: Kd5 degrees C = 0.77 micrograms/mL, Kd25 degrees C = 2.4 micrograms/mL, and Kd37 degrees C = 7.7 micrograms/mL, where under the conditions of reduction presented here, the basic protomer of vWF is a dimer. Increasing ionic strength after 2-ME treatment with 1 M KCl did not change Rh, while approximately 100 microM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or approximately 300 microM sodium deoxycholate (DOC) reduced both Rh and activity compared with those of unreduced polymer. These data show that disulfide bonds are necessary to maintain vWF polymer size and activity at plasma concentrations but that noncovalent forces of association can maintain vWF polymer size and activity at higher concentrations. These forces of association may be important for polymer assembly during intracellular synthesis of vWF.
Highly Efficient and Linear Class E SiGe Power Amplifier Design (2006)

This paper discusses the design of monolithic RF broadband Class E SiGe power amplifiers (PAs) that are highly efficient and linear. Load-pull measurement data on IBM 7HP SiGe power devices have been made at 900MHz and 2.4GHz and monolithic class E PAs have been designed using these devices to achieve highest power-added-efficiency (PAE) at these frequencies. It is found that high PAE can be achieved for monolithic single-stage Class E PAs designed using high-breakdown SiGe transistors at ~65% (900MHz) and ~40% (2.4GHz), respectively, which are roughly ~10% lower than the device's maximum PAE values obtained by load-pull tests under optimal off-chip matching conditions. We have also demonstrated that monolithic SiGe class E PAs can be successfully linearized using an open-loop envelope tracking (ET) technique as their output spectra pass the stringent EDGE transmit mask with margins, achieving overall PAE of 44.4% for the linearized PA system that surpasses the < 30% PAE with commercially available GaAs Class AB PAs for EDGE applications. These promising results indicate the feasibility of realizing true single-chip wireless transceivers with on-chip RF SiGe PAs for spectrally-efficient non-constant-envelope modulation schemes
Multipar-T: Multiparty-Transformer for Capturing Contingent Behaviors in Group Conversations (2023)

As we move closer to real-world AI systems, AI agents must be able to deal with multiparty (group) conversations. Recognizing and interpreting multiparty behaviors is challenging, as the system must recognize individual behavioral cues, deal with the complexity of multiple streams of data from multiple people, and recognize the subtle contingent social exchanges that take place amongst group members. To tackle this challenge, we propose the Multiparty-Transformer (Multipar-T), a transformer model for multiparty behavior modeling. The core component of our proposed approach is the Crossperson Attention, which is specifically designed to detect contingent behavior between pairs of people. We verify the effectiveness of Multipar-T on a publicly available video-based group engagement detection benchmark, where it outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in average F-1 scores by 5.2% and individual class F-1 scores by up to 10.0%. Through qualitative analysis, we show that our Crossperson Attention module is able to discover contingent behavior.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Ion Promoted Synthesis of a Monothiocarbamate and Kinetics and Mechanism for Its Oxygen‐ to Sulfur‐Bonded Rearrangement. (1987)

Abstract Due to the nucleophilicity of the OH‐ in the complex (I), its reaction with methyl isothiocyanate (II) in an inert solvent yields the O‐bonded complex (III).
Proteomic profile of pre - B2 lymphoblasts from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in relation with the translocation (12; 21) (2014)

By drawing up the protein map of leukemic cells, these new data identified marker candidates of leukemic aggressiveness and new t(12;21) patients subgroups. These preliminary results will be in the near future confirmed by using a larger sample of pre-B2 childhood ALLs from national lymphoblastic cell collections.
Reconstruction of Silica Exposure at a Foundry for Evaluation of Exposure–Response (2002)

The reconstruction of working lifetime exposures to silica at a large foundry was described. Through the use of interviews with long-term employees, a history of the facility was developed for the years 1960–90, areas of similar work activities were identified and work locations for those with various job titles were documented over time. Two thousand and seventy historical industrial hygiene measurements of exposure collected during these three decades were linked to work area and an estimate of average respirable silica concentration was calculated for each area, by year. Overall, exposures declined between 1960 and 1990; however, substantial differences in exposure were estimated across work areas. Exposure at a specific job was calculated from the estimates of work-area respirable silica concentration, weighted by the amount of time persons with that job were in the area. These job-related exposure estimates were used to calculate three exposure metrics for persons employed in the foundry: cumulative, working lifetime average and highest daily exposure.
Mapping a Course for Community Action and Research to Eliminate Disparities Closing Session: Where Do We Go From Here? (2001)

Introduction to the Morning Session; The Community Break Out Session (note: this is long); Report from the Community Break Out; Reports from the Research Break Out Group; Wrap up and other Comments; MP3 audio files recorded by the Pennsylvania and Ohio Public Health Training Center at the First Annual Minority Health Leadership Summit
Measuring reservoir compaction using time‐lapse timeshifts (2005)

Time‐lapse timeshifts refer to the differences in two‐way seismic travel times that are frequently observed in the analysis of time‐lapse seismic surveys. One source of timeshifts originates inside the reservoir interval as a result of changes in the pore‐fluid properties that alter the seismic velocity. Another is from changes in seismic velocity and layer thickness that occur both inside and outside of the reservoir as a result of reservoir compaction and stress and strain redistribution in the surrounding formations. Timeshifts induced by changes in fluid properties are always zero above the top reservoir reflection event and constant below the base of the reservoir. These fluidinduced timeshifts can be significant (for example, when gas is released as an oil passes through bubble point) and are routinely calculated using Gassmann or similar theories and are not the focus of this paper. The compaction‐induced timeshifts have opposite gradients on the inside and outside of the reservoir. Within the reservoir, the reduction in layer thickness and the expected increase in seismic velocity will reduce the seismic travel time across these layers. Outside the reservoir, the decrease in reservoir thickness is exactly balanced by surface subsidence and rock expansion. The expanding overburden produces increased layer thickness and slower seismic velocities that increase the seismic travel times. Observations on real time‐lapse seismic data over compacting reservoirs show that the positive timeshifts that accrue in the overburden are larger than the negative timeshifts that accrue inside the reservoir (the sign convention chosen is that positive timeshifts result when the seismic travel time increases). The amount of overburden elongation cannot exceed the amount of reservoir compaction. So if the change in velocity were simply proportional to the change in vertical strain, the reduction in travel time through the reservoir would exceed the increase in travel time though the overburden. The net effect would be a negative timeshift below the reservoir. Instead positive timeshifts are observed below compacting reservoir indicting velocity reduction per unit elongation strain significantly exceeds the velocity increase per unit contraction strain. Using simple models of the velocity‐strain response it is shown that time‐lapse timeshifts are proportional to the stretching of the overburden layers and that this is highly correlated with the reservoir compaction. The net result is that time‐lapse timeshifts are a good measurement of the reservoir compaction.
Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Enones Using La−BINOL−Triphenylarsine Oxide Complex:  Structural Determination of the Asymmetric Catalyst (2001)

The catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of enones using the La-BINOL-Ph(3)As=O complex generated from La(O-i-Pr)(3), BINOL, and Ph(3)As=O in a ratio of 1:1:1 is described herein. Using 1-5 mol % of the asymmetric catalyst, a variety of enones, including a dienone and a cis-enone, were found to be epoxidized in a reasonable reaction time, providing the corresponding epoxy ketones in up to 99% yield and with more than 99% ee. The possible structure of the actual asymmetric catalyst has been clarified by various methods, including X-ray crystal structure analysis. This is the first X-ray analysis of an alkali-metal free lanthanoid-BINOL complex. Although La(binaphthoxide)(2)(Ph(3)As=O)(2) (7) was observed as the major complex in the complexes' solution, generated from La(O-i-Pr)(3), BINOL, and Ph(3)As=O in a ratio of 1:1:1, the possible active species turned out to be the La-BINOL-Ph(3)As=O complex in a ratio of 1:1:1. A probable reaction mechanism of the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of enones is also proposed, suggesting that preferential formation of a heterochiral complex is the reason for asymmetric amplification. Moreover, the interesting role of La(O-i-Pr)(3) for accelerating the epoxidations while maintaining high ee's is discussed.
Dynamic properties of electrically p–n confined, epitaxially regrown 1.27 µm InGaAs single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2009)

The dynamic performance including chirp measurements of 1.27 µm single-mode InGaAs/GaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with a large gain-cavity offset is presented. The VCSELs are based on a novel p–n confinement structure with selective area epitaxial regrowth. A resonance frequency of 9.11 GHz, a slope efficiency of 0.25 W/A and an α-factor of 5.7 were measured. The modulation bandwidth is limited by electrical parasitics. Eye diagrams at 5 Gb/s with 7 dB extinction ratio and Q-factor around 5 were obtained. The results are compared with the performance of oxide-confined VCSELs with similar active layer and negative gain-cavity detuning.
Impairment of Immunoproteasome Function by Cigarette Smoke and in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2016)

We here show that the activity of the immunoproteasome is impaired by cigarette smoke resulting in reduced MHC I antigen presentation. Regulation of immunoproteasome function by cigarette smoke may thus alter adaptive immune responses and add to prolonged infections and exacerbations in COPD and IPF.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATIC RING OXIDATION OF ALKYLBENZENES (1977)

Abstract Während die Oxidation von Propylenbenzol (II) mit Salpersäure, Mn(VII)‐Verbindungen etc. zur Benzoesäure (I) führt, erhält man bei der Oxidation mit Wasserstoffperoxid/Trifluoressigsäureanhydrid unter Angriff des Aromaten Buttersäure (III).