gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease with a Cholinesterase Inhibitor Combined with Antioxidants (2010)

A formula (formula F) was prepared to counteract oxidative stress (OS) in the brain. The formula contained the most common antioxidants and was intended to: (a) protect proteins, lipids, DNA and proteoglycans from oxidation (carnosine, coenzyme Q(10), vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, selenium, L-cysteine and ginkgo biloba); (b) reduce homocysteine (HCy) blood levels (vitamins B(6), B(9) and B(12)), and (c) sustain the pentose phosphate cycle in circulating cells (vitamins B(1), B(2) and B(3)). Formula F contained low doses of each antioxidant component and was administered in a two-phase ampoule. A cohort of 52 patients (21 males and 31 females) affected with moderate probable AD (according to NINCDS-ARDA and NINCS-AIREN criteria) already being treated with donepezil (5 mg/day for at least two months) was randomly divided into two groups, and followed for 6 months. A double-blind design was used in which 26 cases were treated once a day with formula F plus donepezil, and the other 26 with placebo plus donepezil. The level of OS was measured on the basis of a d-ROMs test (which measures plasma hydroperoxides), plasma HCy and glutathione, and percentage of sickle erythrocytes. The two patient groups were comparable for all variables (age, sex, concomitant diseases, ApoE epsilon4, MMSE II score, OS, antioxidant reserve and sickle erythrocytes). Forty-eight subjects completed the trial. Significant decreases in OS and HCy were only observed when there was an increase in glutathione (in erythrocytes) and a decrease in sickle erythrocytes in patients treated with formula F. The MMSE II score remained almost the same in the group treated with donepezil and placebo, whereas some significant improvements were found in the group treated with donepezil plus formula F.
Resonant Photoemission Spectroscopy Study on the Contribution of the Yb 4f States to the Electronic Structure of ZnO (2018)

The electronic structure of Yb implanted ZnO has been studied by the resonant photoemission spectroscopy. The contribution of the Yb 4f partial density of states is predominant at binding energy about 7.5 and 11.7 eV below the VB maximum. At photon energy about 182 eV the multiplet structure around 11.7 eV shows the strongest resonance that corresponds to the 1 I multiplet which is almost exclusively responsible for this resonance, while 3 H and 3 F states are responsible for the resonance around 7.5 eV. It was also found that the Yb 4f partial density of states distribution shows some similarity to Yb2O3.
Selective and authentic third-party distribution of XML documents (2004)

Third-party architectures for data publishing over the Internet today are receiving growing attention, due to their scalability properties and to the ability of efficiently managing large number of subjects and great amount of data. In a third-party architecture, there is a distinction between the Owner and the Publisher of information. The Owner is the producer of information, whereas Publishers are responsible for managing (a portion of) the Owner information and for answering subject queries. A relevant issue in this architecture is how the Owner can ensure a secure and selective publishing of its data, even if the data are managed by a third-party, which can prune some of the nodes of the original document on the basis of subject queries and access control policies. An approach can be that of requiring the Publisher to be trusted with regard to the considered security properties. However, the serious drawback of this solution is that large Web-based systems cannot be easily verified to be secure and can be easily penetrated. For these reasons, we propose an alternative approach, based on the use of digital signature techniques, which does not require the Publisher to be trusted. The security properties we consider are authenticity and completeness of a query response, where completeness is intended with regard to the access control policies stated by the information Owner. In particular, we show that, by embedding in the query response one digital signature generated by the Owner and some hash values, a subject is able to locally verify the authenticity of a query response. Moreover, we present an approach that, for a wide range of queries, allows a subject to verify the completeness of query results.
Economic viability of producing MTBE and tame in a typical Canadian fuels refinery (1988)

The use of MTBE and TAME as octane boosting blending agents was investigated by using a computerized linear programming (LP) study of refinery economics. The use of conventional refining processes with lead and manganese antiknocks was considered, as well as the post lead phase down conditions with an isomerization unit added to the refinery. The LP results for the production of MTBE exclusively from catalytically cracked hydrocarbons inside the refinery were not encouraging. No consideration was given to the use of an exterior source of olefins for the MTBE process nor to the purchase of ethers from offsite. The LP results for the use of TAME gasoline (with unreacted methanol included) suggested that the process was economically viable prior to lead phase down. After lead phase down, the contributions to octane quality of the ethers alone was inadequate, and the use of a standard isomerization unit more than compensated for the octane squeeze.
FlowKit: A Python Toolkit for Integrated Manual and Automated Cytometry Analysis Workflows (2021)

An important challenge for primary or secondary analysis of cytometry data is how to facilitate productive collaboration between domain and quantitative experts. Domain experts in cytometry laboratories and core facilities increasingly recognize the need for automated workflows in the face of increasing data complexity, but by and large, still conduct all analysis using traditional applications, predominantly FlowJo. To a large extent, this cuts domain experts off from the rapidly growing library of Single Cell Data Science algorithms available, curtailing the potential contributions of these experts to the validation and interpretation of results. To address this challenge, we developed FlowKit, a Gating-ML 2.0-compliant Python package that can read and write FCS files and FlowJo workspaces. We present examples of the use of FlowKit for constructing reporting and analysis workflows, including round-tripping results to and from FlowJo for joint analysis by both domain and quantitative experts.
Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, 196. Darstellung und Reaktionen eines 3‐Amino‐1,2,3‐azaphosphaboriridins (1989)

Abstract Das 1,2,3‐Azaphosphaboriridin 7 , dargestellt durch Enthalogenieren der Boryl(phosphino)amin‐Vorstufe 6 , reagiert mit Schwefel und Selen nicht nur unter Ringerweiterung, sondern zugleich unter Oxidation des λ 3 ‐Phosphors zu den neuen Heterocyclen 8 . Während sich die aus Cr(CO) 6 und W(CO) 6 unter Photolyse erzeugten Pentacarbonylfragmente M(CO) 5 an das P‐Atom von 7 addieren, erhält man mit MeI kein Phosphoniumsalz. Vielmehr wird das RP‐Fragment von 7 unter Bildung des Iminoborans tmp –tBu als i Pr(Me)PI abgespalten.
Halophilic Vibrio species isolated from blood cultures (1976)

The Special Bacteriology Section of the Center for Disease Control has received 38 cultures of a halophilic bacterium which apparently unnamed. On the basis of the minimal characteristics of Vibrio species proposed by Hugh and Sakazaki, this bacterium belongs to the genus Vibrio. The unnamed species can be differentiated from Vibro parahaemolyticus by a lower tolerance for sodium chloride (NaC1) and the fermentation of lactose. The failure to ferment sucrose is an additional characteristic which differentiates these organisms from V. alginolyticus. Of 33 unnamed species strains tested, all were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, chlorapmphenicol, gentamicin, tetracycline, rifampin, nitrofurantoin, and sulfisoxazole by agar diffusion and agar dilution tests. The sources of isolation of the cultures of the unnamed species suggest that it is a clinically important organism. Twenty strains were isolated remaining cultures were isolated from localized infections of the extremities. In contrast, only 2 of 60 cultures of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus received in our laboratory as human isolates from extra-intestinal sources were isolated from blood.
The New RWD 6 Speed Automatic Transmission for SUV and Truck (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Aisin AW (AW) and Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) have developed a new RWD 6 speed automatic transmission, AWR6B45(AC60), suitable for SUV’s and LDT’s in the worldwide market, not only for North America but also for other countries including emerging nations. This 6 speed automatic transmission has achieved low cost, equivalent to AW and TMCs’ current 5 speed automatic transmission, while realizing improvement in both fuel economy and driving performance against current in-house 5-speed automatic transmissions, in addition to satisfying both toughness against various usage and light weight/compactness. They are accomplished by using a compact gear train structure, the latest efficiency improvement technologies, and a high-response, compact hydraulic control system. In addition, the compactness of this 6 speed automatic transmission enables it to replace current 4 speed and 5 speed automatic transmissions for various engine applications. This makes it possible to contribute toward Toyota's TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) by reducing the number of parts significantly.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
An approach to generating summaries of time series data in the gas turbine domain (2002)

In this paper, we propose an approach for generating summaries of time series data in the gas turbine domain using AI techniques. Through the think-aloud method with the aid of visualization of temporal data using time series workbench (TSW), both domain knowledge from experts about how to solve problems in the gas turbine and information about how domain experts analyze the archived temporal data are gotten. An algorithm to select interesting events is proposed and a prototype knowledge-based system is designed to generate summary of temporal data for interesting events in the gas turbine domain. Some further research works are also pointed out.
Continuous Landscapes in Finite Space : Making Sense of Satellite Images in Social Science (2004)

Questions of landscape values connected to agriculture and environment are always related to local land use. In order to study land use it is necessary to understand the intentions of the users as well as the conditions for land use in a specific landscape. This requires an understanding of the inherent spatial properties of the landscape, both as a social phenomenon and as concrete, material reality. The overall aim of this thesis is to combine local understandings of land use with satellite images. A model for social interpretation of landuse and landscape characteristics is developed. In an ethnographic study in the village Sotasa is shown how land use is informed by different ideals. The inhabitants of Sotasa continue to value the landscape characteristics of traditional farming. The thesis shows also that by perceiving satellite images as social images that hold both physical information and social signs it is possible to interpret physical information in terms of social landuse effects in local landscapes. This is made possible by new methods for describing and analysing qualities and characteristics of the cultivated landscape. Treating landscape in society is discussed in relation to the divide between social and natural sciences. The presented ethnographic approach combined with a study of satellite images provides a springboard for a renewed analysis of both land use and landscape. It also makes it possible to bridge the gap between social and natural science. The overall conclusion of the thesis is that it is possible to use satellite images in social science, but that it presupposes that the images are analysed with a perception of space in which the analysis handles multiple continuous spaces and where landscape is understood as socially finite.
One Fungus, One Name: Defining the Genus Fusarium in a Scientifically Robust Way That Preserves Longstanding Use (2013)

In this letter, we advocate recognizing the genus Fusarium as the sole name for a group that includes virtually all Fusarium species of importance in plant pathology, mycotoxicology, medicine, and basic research. This phylogenetically guided circumscription will free scientists from any obligation to use other genus names, including teleomorphs, for species nested within this clade, and preserve the application of the name Fusarium in the way it has been used for almost a century. Due to recent changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, this is an urgent matter that requires community attention. The alternative is to break the longstanding concept of Fusarium into nine or more genera, and remove important taxa such as those in the F. solani species complex from the genus, a move we believe is unnecessary. Here we present taxonomic and nomenclatural proposals that will preserve established research connections and facilitate communication within and between research communities, and at the same time support strong scientific principles and good taxonomic practice.
Cyclophane‐Type Imidazolium Salts with Planar Chirality as a New Class of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Precursors (2008)

Cyclophane-type imidazolium salts with planar chirality were synthesized from enantiopure 2-amino alcohols, of which the N(1) and N(3) positions were connected with a bridge. The structural profiles of the imidazolium salts and their derivative N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were investigated by means of several analyses. The chiral NHCs derived from these imidazolium salts were found to catalyze the asymmetric cross-annulation of an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde with a ketone by means of the "conjugated" umpolung of the enal to give the target gamma-lactone with good to excellent enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee). Based on the expected structure of the NHCs and their intermediates, together with the absolute configuration of the products, a plausible mechanism for the stereocontrol was proposed.
Optimizing radio map for WLAN fingerprinting (2010)

In this paper, questions related to design of WLAN radio map for fingerprinting based positioning were investigated. The experiment results show that with histogram based algorithms, the positioning accuracy improves as the number of histogram bins increases until the number of bins reaches eight. With the number of bins lower than this, the uneven bin distribution with separate bin for missing samples gives better accuracy than even bin widths. If the calibration data contains samples from several measurement directions, it is beneficial to combine them into one fingerprint, as this decreases the size of the radio map and gives at least the same accuracy as having separate fingerprints for different measurement directions. In the experiments, the combination of the signals from correlating sources before the computation of the radio map and position estimate decreases the positioning accuracy only by 1-2 m, but decreases significantly the size of the radio map. The best method for signal combinations depends on the bin configuration and position estimation algorithm.
PRECISE DETERMINATION OF REACTION ORDERS (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPRECISE DETERMINATION OF REACTION ORDERSJ. R. Kittrell, R. Mezaki, and C. C. WatsonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1966, 58, 5, 50–59Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50677a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50677a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
SOME NEW FRONTIERS IN PERSONNEL SELECTION RESEARCH (1988)

Current research developments in several areas of personnel selection methodology are reviewed. The areas reviewed represent attempts to develop alternatives to traditional paper‐and‐pencil methods of test development. These areas include computer‐interactive tests in the employment situation, new ways of using life‐history information, the use of physical tests in selecting individuals for physically demanding jobs, and the development of job‐related medical standards for job assignment.
Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptides for Pan Anti-Tumor Responses (2014)

Molecular mimicry is fundamental to biology and transcends to many disciplines ranging from immune pathology to drug design. Structural characterization of molecular partners has provided insight into the origins and relative importance of complementarity in mimicry. Chemical complementarity is easy to understand; amino acid sequence similarity between peptides, for example, can lead to cross-reactivity triggering similar reactivity from their cognate receptors. However, conformational complementarity is difficult to decipher. Molecular mimicry of carbohydrates by peptides is often considered one of those. Extensive studies of innate and adaptive immune responses suggests the existence of carbohydrate mimicry, but the structural basis for this mimicry yields confounding details; peptides mimicking carbohydrates in some cases fail to exhibit both chemical and conformational mimicry. Deconvolution of these two types of complementarity in mimicry and its relationship to biological function can nevertheless lead to new therapeutics. Here, we discuss our experience examining the immunological aspects and implications of carbohydrate-peptide mimicry. Emphasis is placed on the rationale, the lessons learned from the methodologies to identify mimics, a perspective on the limitations of structural analysis, the biological consequences of mimicking tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, and the notion of reverse engineering to develop carbohydrate-mimetic peptides in vaccine design strategies to induce responses to glycan antigens expressed on cancer cells.
Overview of the IEEE 802.15.4/4a standards for low data rate Wireless Personal Data Networks (2007)

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard provides a framework for low data rate communications systems, typically sensor networks. The 802.15.4a revision introduces new options for the physical layer, in order to support higher data rates and accurate ranging capability, enabling new applications based on information on distance and positions of the devices in the network. In this paper the differences among physical layers of 802.15.4 vs. 802.15.4a are briefly reviewed. Next, the MAC layer of 802.15.4 vs. 802.15.4a are reviewed and compared. Device functionalities, network topologies as well as access strategies in both standards are described, and the impact of the new physical layer features on MAC and higher layers are discussed, with particular attention to the ranging scheme adopted in the new revision of the standard.
Passive neutron assay of irradiated nuclear fuels (1979)

Passive neutron assay of irradiated nuclear fuel has been investigated by calculations and experiments as a simple, complementary technique to the gamma assay. From the calculations it was found that the neutron emission arises mainly from the curium isotopes, the neutrons exhibit very good penetrability of the assemblies, and the neutron multiplication is not affected by the burnup. From the experiments on BWR and PWR assemblies, the neutron emission rate is proportional to burnup raised to 3.4 power. The investigations indicate that the passive neutron assay is a simple and useful technique to determine the consistency of burnups between assemblies.
Biofabrication of Multiplexed Electrochemical Immunosensors for Simultaneous Detection of Clinical Biomarkers in Complex Fluids (2022)

Simultaneous detection of multiple disease biomarkers in unprocessed whole blood is considered the gold standard for accurate clinical diagnosis. Here, this study reports the development of a 4-plex electrochemical (EC) immunosensor with on-chip negative control capable of detecting a range of biomarkers in small volumes (15 µL) of complex biological fluids, including serum, plasma, and whole blood. A framework for fabricating and optimizing multiplexed sandwich immunoassays is presented that is enabled by use of EC sensor chips coated with an ultra-selective, antifouling, and nanocomposite coating. Cyclic voltammetry evaluation of sensor performance is carried out by monitoring the local precipitation of an electroactive product generated by horseradish peroxidase linked to a secondary antibody. EC immunosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity without background signal with a limit of detection in single-digit picogram per milliliter in multiple complex biological fluids. These multiplexed immunosensors enable the simultaneous detection of four different biomarkers in plasma and whole blood with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. This rapid and cost-effective biosensor platform can be further adapted for use with different high affinity probes for any biomarker, and thereby create for a new class of highly sensitive and specific multiplexed diagnostics.
Robust Transmission Network Expansion Planning With Uncertain Renewable Generation and Loads (2013)

This paper presents a robust optimization approach for transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) under uncertainties of renewable generation and load. Unlike conventional stochastic programming, the proposed approach does not require knowledge of the probability distribution of the uncertain net injections; rather the uncertainties of the net injections are specified by a simple uncertainty set. The solution algorithm is exact and produces expansion plans that are robust against all possible realizations of the net injections defined in the uncertainty set; it is based on a Benders decomposition scheme that iterates between a master problem that minimizes the cost of the expansion plan and a slave problem that minimizes the maximum curtailment of load and renewable generation. The paper demonstrates that when adopting the dc load flow model, both the master and the dual slave can be formulated as mixed-integer linear programs for which commercial solvers exist. Numerical results on several networks with uncertainties in their loads and renewable generation show that the proposed approach produces solutions that are superior to those from two recent techniques for robust TNEP design.