gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mts1 protein expression in the central nervous system after injury (2002)

We recently showed that Mts1 is expressed in white matter astrocytes in the rat brain and spinal cord from the first postnatal day. Its expression level declined in the adult CNS, but its topographical localization was maintained. Only white matter astrocytes in the cerebellum did not express Mts1. After dorsal root or sciatic nerve injury, we observed a marked upregulation of Mts1 in the area of the dorsal funiculus undergoing Wallerian degeneration. Here we show that upregulation of Mts1 is a consistent feature of astrocytes in white matter undergoing Wallerian degeneration. In addition, Mts1 is upregulated in astrocytes outlining the lesion site of a penetrating injury to the forebrain, or cerebellum. Gray matter astrocytes did not express Mts1, even after direct injury. In injured brain, we consistently noted a close relationship between Mts1-expressing astrocytes and ED1-positive microglia/macrophages, which are known to be highly motile cells. Mts1 was expressed in the periventricular area and the rostral migratory stream, i.e., sites of ongoing neuroplasticity in adulthood, and was upregulated in these areas after injury. These data suggest that Mts1-expressing astrocytes play a significant role in degenerative events in the mature white matter, interact with phagocytic microglia/macrophages and regulate cell migration and differentiation in areas of the adult brain with a high degree of plasticity.
HPTLC method development and validation: Quantification of paliperidone in formulations and in vitro release study (2010)

A new, economic, environmentally friendly and rapid high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of paliperidone. The HPTLC separation was achieved on an aluminium-backed layer of silica gel 60F254 using methanol–ethyl acetate (8.0 + 2.0 v/v) as mobile phase. Quantitation was achieved by densitometric analysis at 284 nm over the concentration range of 100–600 ng mL−1. The method was found to give compact spot for the drug (Rf 0.54 ± 0.011). The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r2 = 0.9997. The method was validated for precision, recovery, repeatability, and robustness as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The minimum detectable amount was found to be 15.11 ng/spot, whereas the limit of quantitation was found to be 45.79 ng/spot. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the method is precise, accurate, reproducible, sensitive and selective for the analysis of paliperidone. The method was successfully employed for the estimation of paliperidone as a bulk drug, equilibrium solubility study, commercially available tablet formulation, mucoadhesive microemulsion formulations and solution (developed in-house).
ChemInform Abstract: ANTIMONY HOMOLOGS OF DINITROGEN AND AZOBENZENE AS COMPLEXING LIGANDS: PREPARATION AND STRUCTURE OF (SBSB(W(CO)5)3) AND (PHSB:SBPH(W(CO)5)3) (1982)

Abstract Das Distickstoffhomologe Sb, existiert nur bei hohen Ternp.
Computational methods inspired by Tsallis statistics: Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics algorithms for the simulation of classical and quantum systems (1999)

Tsallis's generalization of statistical mechanics is summarized. A modification of this formalism which employs a normalized expression of the q-expectation value for the computation of equilibrium averages is reviewed for the cases of pure Tsallis statistics and Maxwell-Tsallis statistics. Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics algorithms which sample the Tsallis statistical distributions are presented. These methods have been found to be effective in the computation of equilibrium averages and isolation of low lying energy minima for low temperature atomic clusters, spin systems, and biomolecules. A phase space coordinate transformation is proposed which connects the standard Cartesian positions and momenta with a set of positions and momenta which depend on the potential energy. It is shown that pure Tsallis statistical averages in this transformed phase space result in the q-expectation averages of Maxwell-Tsallis statistics. Finally, an alternative novel derivation of the Tsallis statistical distribution is presented. The derivation begins with the classical density matrix, rather than the Gibbs entropy formula, but arrives at the standard distributions of Tsallis statistics. The result suggests a new formulation of imaginary time path integrals wich may lead to an improvement in the simulation of equilibrium quantum statistical averages.
Micro-optical grayscale excitation lenses for atom and ion trapping (2013)

Designing and integrating micro-optical components into atom and ion traps are enabling steps toward miniaturizing trap dimensions in quantum computation applications. The micro-optic must have a high numerical aperture for precise illumination of the ion and should not introduce scatter. Due to the extreme optical efficiency requirements in trapped ion and atom-based quantum information processing, even slight losses from integrated micro-optics are detrimental. We have designed and fabricated aspheric micro-lenses through grayscale transfer into a fused silica in an effort to realize increased transmissive efficiency and decreased scatter compared to an equivalent diffractive optical element. The fabricated grayscale lens profile matched the desired lens profile well, and the measured and predicted optical performances were in good agreement. The pattern was transferred via coupled plasma reactive-ion etching smoothly into the fused silica with a RMS roughness ~ 35 nm. The micro-lens had a diameter of 88 um and 14.2 um sag, with an as-designed focal length of 149 um and spot diameter of 2.6 um. The maximum measured efficiency was ~80% (86% of theoretical, possibly due to rms roughness). This realized efficiency is superior to the equivalent diffractive lens efficiency, designed to the same use parameters. The grayscale approach demonstrated an increase in collection efficiency, at the desired optical focal length, providing the potential for further refinement.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Tripartite Motif Protein 32 Facilitates Cell Growth and Migration via Degradation of Abl-Interactor 2 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Tripartite Motif Protein 32 Facilitates Cell Growth and Migration via Degradation of Abl-Interactor 2
ChemInform Abstract: Hexaethynylbenzene (1986)

Abstract Ethynylation of hexabromobenzene (I) with the acetylene (II) yields the product (III) (X‐ray analysis: RG: R3′; Z=3).
ChemInform Abstract: From Boron Analogues of Amino Acids to Boronated DNA: Potential New Pharmaceuticals and Neutron Capture Agents (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fuzzy logic steering controller for a guided vehicle (2002)

This paper presents the development and implementation of a fuzzy logic steering controller for a guided vehicle based on the visual recognition of a white line on the floor. The fuzzy controller is supported by a vision sub-system with a CCD camera. Experimental results obtained with a test platform are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Seroprevalence of human polyomavirus 9 and cross-reactivity to African green monkey-derived lymphotropic polyomavirus (2012)

Human polyomavirus 9 (HPyV9) was discovered recently in immunocompromised patients and shown to be genetically closely related to B-lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPyV). No serological data are available for HPyV9, but human antibodies against LPyV have been reported previously. To investigate the seroepidemiology of HPyV9 and the sero-cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV, a capsomer-based IgG ELISA was established using the major capsid protein VP1 of HPyV9 and LPyV. VP1 of an avian polyomavirus was used as control. For HPyV9, a seroprevalence of 47 % was determined in healthy adults and adolescents (n = 328) and 20 % in a group of children (n =101). In both groups, the seroreactivities for LPyV were less frequent and the ELISA titres of LPyV were lower. Of the HPyV9-reactive sera, 47 % reacted also with LPyV, and the titres for both PyVs correlated. Sera from African green monkeys, the natural hosts of LPyV, reacted also with both HPyV9 and LPyV, but here the HPyV9 titres were lower. This potential sero-cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV was confirmed by competition assays, and it was hypothesized that the reactivity of human sera against LPyV may generally be due to cross-reactivity between HPyV9 and LPyV. The HPyV9 seroprevalence of liver transplant recipients and patients with neurological dysfunctions did not differ from that of age-matched controls, but a significantly higher seroprevalence was determined in renal and haematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients, indicating that certain immunocompromised patient groups may be at a higher risk for primary infection with or for reactivation of HPyV9.
Smart glass epoxy laminates with embedded ti-based memory alloy (2002)

Growing attention has been given in the last years to the development of smart materials and structures. Among them, composite materials play evidently a leading role. Actually, it is relatively easy, taking in account their processing techniques, to embed in the structural material itself some sensors, processors and actuators at a mesoscopic scale. Shape memory alloys (SMA) are particularly lilted as actuators because they can be easily drawn into thin wires and incorporated in polymeric and metallic matrices or in classical fibre epoxy laminate structure. To lest the influence of the materials and processing conditions on the actuation properties of adaptive hybrid composites, a model system based on a glass epoxy laminate with embedded wires of a shape memory Ti-Ni-Cu alloy was processed.
Cutting Mechanism and Load Characteristic of Trapezoidal Center Bevel Cutter Indented on Aluminum Sheet (2004)

This paper reports about the fundamental relationship between tip thickness of crushed cutter and thickness of wedged sheet. By varying the tip thickness of a trapezoidal center bevel cutter, the resistance of cutter indentation and the shared profile of aluminum sheet were investigated experimentally. To discuss the deformation mechanism of aluminum sheet in the necking stage, Hill's solution with slip line theory and finite element analysis with elasto-plastic model were applied to this wedge indentation. The derived results were as follows: the necked height of sheet material varies with the tip thickness of cutter; the occurrence limit of necking deformation exists in terms of sheet thickness; the line force at the deflection point varies with the tip thickness of the cutter, but not with sheet thickness; the residual sheet thickness beneath the cutter tip depends on the thickness of cutter tip.
Field-Effect Transistor and Photo-Transistor of Narrow-Band-Gap Nanocrystal Arrays Using Ionic Glasses (2019)

The gating of nanocrystal films is currently driven by two approaches: either the use of a dielectric such as SiO<sub>2</sub> or the use of electrolyte. SiO<sub>2</sub> allows fast bias sweeping over a broad range of temperatures but requires a large operating bias. Electrolytes, thanks to large capacitances, lead to the significant reduction of operating bias but are limited to slow and quasi-room-temperature operation. None of these operating conditions are optimal for narrow-band-gap nanocrystal-based phototransistors, for which the necessary large-capacitance gate has to be combined with low-temperature operation. Here, we explore the use of a LaF<sub>3</sub> ionic glass as a high-capacitance gating alternative. We demonstrate for the first time the use of such ionic glasses to gate thin films made of HgTe and PbS nanocrystals. This gating strategy allows operation in the 180 to 300 K range of temperatures with capacitance as high as 1 μF·cm<sup>-2</sup>. We unveil the unique property of ionic glass gate to enable the unprecedented tunability of both magnitude and dynamics of the photocurrent thanks to high charge-doping capability within an operating temperature window relevant for infrared photodetection. We demonstrate that by carefully choosing the operating gate bias, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by a factor of 100 and the time response accelerated by a factor of 6. Moreover, the good transparency of LaF<sub>3</sub> substrate allows back-side illumination in the infrared range, which is highly valuable for the design of phototransistors.
Can Fossil Carbon Fuel the 21st Century? (2002)

Abstract Fossil fuels, despite their drawbacks, have been fueling the world economy for the last two centuries. They have proven abundant, easy to use, and low in cost. Contrary to common belief, fossil fuels are not likely to run out any time soon. For the foreseeable future, fossil fuels may continue to be the most cost-effective energy resource, even as concerns over climate change will force the implementation of technologies to capture and dispose of the carbon dioxide generated in their use. With a successful implementation of the carbon management technologies that are under development today, the use of fossil carbon could be sustained for at least another century.
Towards two-dimensional nanoporous networks: crystal engineering at the solid–liquid interface (2010)

Surface-confined porous molecular networks can be formed by self-assembly at the liquid–solid interface by controlling the subtle interplay between molecules, solvent and substrate. Typically, directional interactions such as hydrogen bonding or metal–ligand interactions are at play in defining the topology of the networks. However, porous molecular networks maintained only by van der Waals interactions are at the focus in this Highlight. The liquid–solid interface at atomically flat conductive substrates such as graphite is an excellent medium to support the self-assembly of alkylated molecules. Molecular symmetry defines the shape of the pores, ranging from diamond to honeycomb and Kagomé. Solvent often plays an important role and sometimes several porous and non-porous structures are formed. The solute concentration is a key factor too, the formation of porous patterns is favoured at low concentrations. These pores, with diameters ranging from about three nanometres to more than seven nanometres, can be filled with guest molecules. In some cases, these porous topologies can only be formed upon addition of template molecules, which direct the structural transformation from a high-density to a low-density, i.e. porous, phase. The template molecules stabilize the pores. Following appropriate design principles, multicomponent networks can be formed, containing up to four different organic molecules.
Correlation between Middle Turbinate and Ipsilateral Ethmoid Histopathology in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2006)

The data support the use of the term "rhinosinusitis."
Synthesis of Gramicidin S and Its Analogues via an On-Resin Macrolactamization Assisted by a Predisposed Conformation of the Linear Precursors (2004)

A simple and efficient preparation of gramicidin S and its analogues is described. It involves solid-phase peptide synthesis and on-resin macrolactamization without side chain protection, affording cyclic products in high yield and high purity. The high specificity of the cyclization reaction was shown to originate in the formation of a pre-organized conformation of the linear biosynthetic precursor of gramicidin S. This facile method will provide convenient access to the analogues of the natural product for functional optimization to counter microbial resistance.
Application of thin-layer chromatography to reversed phase liquid chromatographic separation of cephalosporin compounds (1977)

逆相分配クロマトグラフィー系において,セファロスポリン化合物の液体クロマトグラフィー(LC)分離分析条件の設定の予知的方法として,薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)を利用した.約30種類のセファロスポリン化合物の中から,逆相分配TLCの可能な化合物8種類を選びLCを行った.その結果,同一分離系(カラム充てん剤,移動相,移動相組成)において,7種類の化合物のTLCとLCの間に相関性のあることが認められ,TLCの分離条件がLC分析にもそのまま適用できることが確かめられた.相互に分離の困難なセファロスポリン化合物のLCには,イオン対クロマトグラフィーの利用が有効であることが分かった.
Estimation of overall separation factor of a gas centrifuge for different multicomponent mixtures by separation theory for binary case (2002)

Many elements in nature have three or more isotopes. One of the important separation characteristics for a gas centrifuge for multicomponent isotope separation is the overall separation factor per unit molar weight difference, γ 0. It is desirable to estimate the value of γ 0 for different process gases. A method of estimating γ 0 is given in this paper. The concept of separative power of a gas centrifuge for a binary mixture is used. Finally, the parameters that influence the value of γ 0 are shown and discussed.
N-Terminal Amino Acid Sequencing of 2-DE Spots (2003)

Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) is one of the most advanced techniques for direct separation of considerable numbers of proteins. Direct microsequence analysis of the amino (N)-terminal partial sequence of the electroblotted protein spots from the 2-DE gels and the homology search against protein sequence database(s) have provided identification of proteins in addition to the conventional identification processes, such as comigration.
An analysis of data corruption in the storage stack (2008)

An important threat to reliable storage of data is silent data corruption. In order to develop suitable protection mechanisms against data corruption, it is essential to understand its characteristics. In this paper, we present the first large-scale study of data corruption. We analyze corruption instances recorded in production storage systems containing a total of 1.53 million disk drives, over a period of 41 months. We study three classes of corruption: checksum mismatches, identity discrepancies, and parity inconsistencies. We focus on checksum mismatches since they occur the most. We find more than 400,000 instances of checksum mismatches over the 41-month period. We find many interesting trends among these instances including: (i) nearline disks (and their adapters) develop checksum mismatches an order of magnitude more often than enterprise class disk drives, (ii) checksum mismatches within the same disk are not independent events and they show high spatial and temporal locality, and (iii) checksum mismatches across different disks in the same storage system are not independent. We use our observations to derive lessons for corruption-proof system design. 1
Application of a Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) Well in a Thin, Carbonate Reservoir in Kuwait (2006)

Abstract Mauddud reservoir in the Greater Burgan field is a thin, carbonate reservoir containing light oil in a 10-20 ft target zone with "good" porosity. Matrix permeability is low and natural fracture density can be quite variable in this reservoir. Thus, this reservoir must be exploited using horizontal wells in all areas. In areas where fractures may not be dominant, it is crucial to achieve maximum reservoir contact (MRC) through the well architecture. To this end, a tri-lateral MRC well with a mother bore and two laterals has been recently drilled in this reservoir achieving about 5,000 ft of reservoir contact. This paper details the process followed to achieve this milestone for the first time in Kuwait. A multi-disciplinary team consisting of Geology, Petrophysics, Geophysics, Drilling, and Service Company was instrumental in utilizing state-of-the-art 3D seismic interpretation, LWD resistivity at bit, real-time imaging, and distance to boundary measurements to place this first MRC well for the Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) entirely within the thin target zone. Real-time decision-making was possible due to seamless integration of all data and interpretation from various disciplines. Internet-based platform was extensively used in this project. Local formation dip changes were computed and well trajectory revised in real time due to such integration. The process used in this project to place a complex well entirely in a thin target would be applicable to all thin reservoirs that must be exploited through horizontal wells. Technical contributions discussed in this paper include effective utilization of LWD data to make real-time geo-steering decisions in a thin target, process for real-time calculation of distance to the top (or bottom) and dip changes based on LWD data, and effectiveness of Internet-based platform for communication and decision-making process.
Irreducible Polynomials Which Divide Trinomials Over GF$\,(2)$ (2007)

The simplest linear shift registers to generate binary sequences involve only two taps, which corresponds to a trinomial over GF(2). It is therefore of interest to know which irreducible polynomials f(x) divide trinomials over GF(2), since the output sequences corresponding to f(x) can be obtained from a two-tap linear feedback shift register (with a suitable initial state) if and only if f(x) divides some trinomial t(x)=x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> +x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sup> +1 over GF(2). In this paper, we develop the theory of which irreducible polynomials do, or do not, divide trinomials over GF(2). Then some related problems such as Artin's conjecture about primitive roots, and the conjectures of Blake, Gao, and Lambert, as well as of Tromp, Zhang, and Zhao are discussed
Identification and Characterization of Carboxylesterases from Brachypodium distachyon Deacetylating Trichothecene Mycotoxins (2015)

Increasing frequencies of 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON)-producing strains of Fusarium graminearum (3-ADON chemotype) have been reported in North America and Asia. 3-ADON is nearly nontoxic at the level of the ribosomal target and has to be deacetylated to cause inhibition of protein biosynthesis. Plant cells can efficiently remove the acetyl groups of 3-ADON, but the underlying genes are yet unknown. We therefore performed a study of the family of candidate carboxylesterases (CXE) genes of the monocot model plant Brachypodium distachyon. We report the identification and characterization of the first plant enzymes responsible for deacetylation of trichothecene toxins. The product of the BdCXE29 gene efficiently deacetylates T-2 toxin to HT-2 toxin, NX-2 to NX-3, both 3-ADON and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) into deoxynivalenol and, to a lesser degree, also fusarenon X into nivalenol. The BdCXE52 esterase showed lower activity than BdCXE29 when expressed in yeast and accepts 3-ADON, NX-2, 15-ADON and, to a limited extent, fusarenon X as substrates. Expression of these Brachypodium genes in yeast increases the toxicity of 3-ADON, suggesting that highly similar genes existing in crop plants may act as susceptibility factors in Fusarium head blight disease.
Feasibility Study of Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART) in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder (2020)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03275961.