gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer subtypes according to body mass index and insulin resistance. (2014)

571 Background: High body mass index (BMI) is considered a risk factor for breast cancer (BC) onset and is correlated with bad prognosis and resistance to endocrine therapy in BC patients. Obesity is also cause of insulin resistance (IR), often associated to resistance to anti human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of BMI levels and IR with BC immunohistochemically-defined subtypes. Methods: One thousand consecutive post-menopausal patients with early BC were included in our study. Clinical, metabolic and tumor characteristics were prospectively collected at the time of diagnosis. IR was defined by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), with a cut off value to define IR ≥ 3,4. BMI was categorized as low: ≤25; intermediate: 26-30; high: >25. Data were analysed by logistic regression model. Results: Patients with luminal (A and B) BC were more likely to be overweight (BMI = 26-30) (OR=2.96 95% CI 1.53-5.74; p=0.006) although they had low HOMA scores (< 3.4) (OR=0.57 95% CI 0.35-0.93; p=0.02). In contrast, patients with HER2+ subtype were at increased risk for elevated HOMA score (OR= 2.36 95% CI 1.27-4.4; p=0.007), whereas the association with BMI was not statistically significant. In additional, no significant association was found between triple negative (TN) BC and anthropometric and metabolic variables. Conclusions: Our data suggest that high BMI may be associated with endocrine sensitive BC, whereas high HOMA score, may be more frequent in patients with HER2+ subtype. These findings support the hypothesis that high estrogen exposure of breast tissue in women with higher BMI may drive growth of luminal cancers while insulin an resistance environment may increase the risk of growth factor receptor-dependent BC. If further confirmed, our data suggests that body weight reduction and glycemic control, respectively in these two subsets of women may help to prevent cancer development.
Long-Term Skeletal Stability after Maxillary Advancement with Distraction Osteogenesis Using a Rigid External Distraction Device in Cleft Maxillary Deformities (2004)

Rigid external distraction is a highly effective technique for correction of maxillary hypoplasia in patients with orofacial clefts. The clinical results after correction of sagittal maxillary deformities in both the adult and pediatric age groups have been stable. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal cephalometric study was to review the long-term stability of the repositioned maxilla in cleft patients who underwent maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction. Between April 1, 1995, and April 1, 1999, 17 consecutive patients with cleft maxillary hypoplasia underwent maxillary advancement using rigid external distraction. There were 13 male patients and four female patients, with ages ranging from 5.2 to 23.6 years (mean, 12.6 years). After a modified complete high Le Fort I osteotomy and a latency period of 3 to 5 days, patients underwent maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction until proper facial convexity and dental overjet and overbite were obtained. After active distraction, a 3- to 4-week period of rigid retention was undertaken; this was followed by removable elastic retention for 6 to 8 weeks using, during sleep time, an orthodontic protraction face mask. Cephalometric radiographs were obtained preoperatively, after distraction, at 1 year after distraction, and 2 or more years after distraction. The mean follow-up was 3.3 years (minimum, 2.1 years; maximum, 5.3 years). The following measurements were obtained in each cephalogram: three linear horizontal and two linear vertical maxillary measurements, two angular craniomaxillary measurements, and one craniomandibular measurement. Differences between the preoperative and postoperative cephalometric values were analyzed by paired t tests (p < 0.05). The cephalometric analysis demonstrated postoperatively significant advancement of the maxilla. In addition, the mandibular plane angle opened 1.2 degrees after surgery. After the 1- to 3-year follow-up period, the maxilla was stable in the sagittal plane. Minimal anteroposterior growth was observed in the maxilla compared with that exhibited in the anterior cranial base. However, there was significant vertical maxillary growth over the 3-year observation period. The mandibular plane angle tended to decrease during the follow-up period. The cephalometric data from this study support the clinical impression of maxillary stability after maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction in cleft patients. This effective and stable technique is now considered for all pediatric patients with severe cleft maxillary hypoplasia and for adolescent and adult patients with moderate to severe deformities.
Targeting IL-5 pathway against airway hyperresponsiveness: a challenge between benralizumab and mepolizumab (2020)

Background and Purpose Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a central abnormality in asthma. Interleukin-5 (IL-5) may modulate AHR in animal models of asthma, but inconsistent data are available on the impact of targeting IL-5 pathway against AHR. The difference between targeting IL-5 or IL-5Rα in modulating AHR remains to be understood in human airways. The aim of this study was to compare the role of the anti-IL-5Rα benralizumab and the anti-IL-5 mepolizumab against AHR, and to assess whether these agents influence the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Experimental Approach Passively sensitized human airways were treated with benralizumab and mepolizumab. The primary endpoint was the inhibition of AHR to histamine; the secondary endpoints were the protective effect against AHR to parasympathetic activation and mechanical stress, and the tissue modulation of cAMP. Key Results Benralizumab and mepolizumab significantly (P<0.001 vs. positive control) prevented the AHR to histamine (maximal effect -134.14±14.93% and -108.29±32.16%, respectively), with benralizumab being 0.73±0.10 logarithm significantly (P<0.05) more potent than mepolizumab. Benralizumab and mepolizumab significantly (P<0.001 vs. positive control) inhibited the AHR to transmural stimulation and mechanical stress. Benralizumab was 0.45±0.16 logarithm significantly (P<0.05) more potent than mepolizumab against AHR to parasympathetic activation. The effect of these agents was significantly correlated (P<0.001) with increased levels of cAMP. Conclusion Targeting the IL-5/IL-5Rα axis is an effective strategy to prevent the AHR. Benralizumab resulted more potent than the mepolizumab and the concentration dependent beneficial effects of both these agents were related with improved levels of cAMP in hyperresponsive airways.
In Vitro Activity of Ceftobiprole against Pathogens from Two Phase 3 Clinical Trials of Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections (2008)

In phase 3 clinical trials for ceftobiprole treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections, 1,219 gram-positive and 276 gram-negative aerobic baseline pathogens were identified. Ceftobiprole inhibited all staphylococcal isolates, including methicillin-resistant strains, at MICs of </=4 mug/ml. Against Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, the potency of ceftobiprole was similar to that of cefepime.
Synthesis of membrane proteins in eukaryotic cell‐free systems (2012)

Cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a valuable method for the fast expression of difficult‐to‐express proteins as well as posttranslationally modified proteins. Since cell‐free systems circumvent possible cytotoxic effects caused by protein overexpression in living cells, they significantly enlarge the scale and variety of proteins that can be characterized. We demonstrate the high potential of eukaryotic CFPS to express various types of membrane proteins covering a broad range of structurally and functionally diverse proteins. Our eukaryotic cell‐free translation systems are capable to provide high molecular weight membrane proteins, fluorescent‐labeled membrane proteins, as well as posttranslationally modified proteins for further downstream analysis.
Short communication 207Pb NMR detection of spinning-induced temperature in MAS rotors (1995)

The position of the *“Pb MAS NMR resonance from PMNO,), at a given inlet temperature of the spinning air depends on the rotation frequency, the diameter and geometry of the rotor, the position of the sample in the rotor, and the bearing air pressure. Taking these effects into consideration, the use of Pb(NO,), as a chemical shift thermometer gives a temperature accuracy of 0.1 K for a very small sample and a MU-induced temperature gradient of 4 K for a 4 mm sample spun at 10 kHz.
In-Process Optimization of Electro-Discharge Machining (1979)

Electro-discharge machining (EDM) is an electro-physical machining process fulfilling a number of requirements suitable for the application of adaptive control.
Eosin Molecules Hosted into a Dendrimer Which Carries Thirty-Two Dansyl Units in the Periphery: A Photophysical Study (2000)

A fourth generation POPAM dendrimer functionalized at the periphery with 32 dansyl groups (circles in the picture) can host up to six eosin dye molecules (black ovals) in two different sites (triangle, square). Efficient energy transfer processes from the dansyl to eosin molecules occur. The picture shows some characteristic wavelengths and lifetimes of these transitions; excitation, emission, and energy transfer processes are represented by dotted, dashed, and full arrows, respectively.
Meltwater stage and discharge from outlet stream from Khumbu Glacier, Everest region, Nepal, between 14th May and 13th November 2014 (2017)

A hydrological monitoring station for Khumbu Glacier, Nepal, was established in a stable reach of the sole outflow channel at 4930 m a.s.l.. at approximately 27°56'02"N 86°48'44"E where meltwater breaches the lateral/terminal moraine ridge. Average water stage (S) was recorded at 30 min intervals using a Druck PDCR1730 pressure transducer and Campbell Scientific (CS) CR1000 data logger. Stage is given as DN. To derive discharge (Q), a stage-discharge rating curve was developed using 18 dilution experiments of 10% fluorescein and a Turner Designs Cyclops7 fluorometer linked to a CS CR10X datalogger. Rating curve observations covered the lowermost 50% of stage values recorded, and uncertainty in Q is estimated at 10-15%. The non-linear exponential stage-discharge relationship was given as: Q = 0.2839.e^(5.55397.S). Discharge is in m^3/s. Data extends from 14th May (DOY134) to 13th November (DOY317), and time is given as decimal-day format (DOY135.5 = 12:00 midday on DOY135).
The Correlation between the Temperature of Phase Inversion and the Cloud Point or HLB Value in Emulsion by Nonionic Emulsifier (1966)

市販非イオン性界面活性剤を乳化剤とし炭化水素,エステル油,高級アルコールを油相とするエマルジョンの転相温度は同じ油を飽和した活性剤水溶液の曇点とよい相関性を示す。相容積,乳化剤濃度一定の条件下での転相温度はHLB価ともよい相関性を示し,これは転相温度がHLB価と同じ意味でエマルジョンの安定性と相関性があることの一つの証左となる。さらに転相温度から乳化剤濃度や温度,相容積比でエマルジョンの安定性が変化することを説明できる。
Cyclic peroxides. 57. Prostanoid endoperoxide model compounds: 2,3-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane via selective diimide reduction (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCyclic peroxides. 57. Prostanoid endoperoxide model compounds: 2,3-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane via selective diimide reductionWaldemar Adam and Henny J. EggelteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 24, 3987–3988Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00444a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00444a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views913Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Thiol Esters by Carboxylic Trichlorobenzoic Anhydrides (1981)

Abstract Thiocarboxylic S-esters were obtained rapidly and in high yields by treating the mixed anhydrides prepared from 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride and carboxylic acid, with various types of thiols in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
Transient pull-in simulation of electrostatic microvalve with physics-based contact function (2021)

We report the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling of an electrostatic actuated gas modulating microvalve. A physics-based contact function was introduced, with improved stability compared to pure penalty and augmented Lagrangian. The valve position and the transient gas flux at the inlet and outlet of the valve during the pull-in and snap-out events were simulated, showing voltage hysteresis and distinct flow patterns between the two events.
Multi-View Neural Network Based Gait Recognition (2010)

Human identification at a distance has recently gained growing interest from computer vision researchers. Gait recognition aims essentially to address this problem by identifying people based on the way they walk [1]. Gait recognition has 3 steps. The first step is preprocessing, the second step is feature extraction and the third one is classification. This paper focuses on the classification step that is essential to increase the CCR (Correct Classification Rate). Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) is used in this work. Neural Networks imitate the human brain to perform intelligent tasks [3].They can represent complicated relationships between input and output and acquire knowledge about these relationships directly from the data [2]. In this paper we apply MLP NN for 11 views in our database and compare the CCR values for these views. Experiments are performed with the NLPR databases, and the effectiveness of the proposed method for gait recognition is demonstrated.
A Proposed Parallel Architecture for Matrix Triangularization with Diagonal Loading (2004)

We are given M training samples of N-element column vectors in a matrix X and a predefined constant lambda. We want to compute the lower-triangular matrix which is the Cholesky factor of R = XXt + lambda I using highly parallel hardware, either using FPGAs or ASICs. Adding lambda is called diagonal loading. In most adaptive processing applications, diagonal loading is used to reduce the sensitivity of the adaptation to errors due to insufficient sample support and to slight errors in the target model. Mathematically, we first prefix the square root of lambda I to X and then we use N size M +1 Householder post-multiplication, each carried out in a 'virtual' superprocessor. We format the computation so that each Householder operation affects the same number of columns, but with fewer and fewer rows. 'Actual' superprocessors each share the work of two 'virtual' superprocessors. This allows each superprocessor to be physically identical with each other, while all are used with 100% efficiency. Data is moved from one superprocessor to another a row at a time. Most of the arithmetic operations in a Householder transformation are simple in two important ways. They can be prescheduled, and they cannot give unbounded results. Hence they are easily parallelized. These simple operations are segregated into two groups. One group is dot-products and the other group uses operations that multiply one row by a scalar and add it to another row. Both these operations allow us to flow data with each column's elements moving only vertically and maintaining their order, a perfect recipe for systolic computation. Each row is used as soon as it is transferred. The small number of more complicated operations we need, a square root and a few multiplications and division, are carried out in a physically separate part of the superprocessor.
On the heating of inductively coupled resonators (stents) during MRI examinations (2005)

Stents that have been implanted to preserve the results of vascular dilatation are frequently affected by in-stent restenosis, which ideally should be followed up by a noninvasive diagnostic modality. Active MRI stents can enable this kind of follow-up, while normal metallic stents can not. The prototype stents investigated in this study were designed as electric resonating circuits without a direct connection to the MR imager, and function as inductively coupled transmit coils. The model of a long solenoid coil is used to describe the additional power loss caused by such resonators. The theoretically estimated temperature increase is verified by measurements for different resonators and discussed for worst-case conditions. The RF power absorption of an active resonator is negligible compared to the total power absorbed during MRI. The local temperature increase observed for prototypes embedded in phantoms is in a range that excludes direct tissue damage. However, ruptures in the conducting structure of a resonator can cause hot spots, which may establish a high local temperature. This hazard can be reduced by designing resonators with a low quality (Q) factor or by setting the circuit slightly off resonance; however, this would lower the nominal amplification for which the resonator was designed.
Development and Translation of NanoBEO, a Nanotechnology-Based Delivery System of Bergamot Essential Oil Deprived of Furocumarins, in the Control of Agitation in Severe Dementia (2021)

Dementia is one of the most common causes of disability worldwide characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, and behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD), including agitation. Treatment of the latter consists of the off-label use of harmful atypical antipsychotics, though a significant reduction is afforded by pain control. The use of an essential oil endowed with analgesic properties and devoid of toxicity would represent an important option for the management of agitation in dementia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to engineer a nanotechnology delivery system based on solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with bergamot essential oil (BEO) and devised in the pharmaceutical form of an odorless cream (NanoBEO) to confirm its analgesic efficacy for further development and application to control agitation in dementia. BEO has proven strong antinociceptive and anti-allodynic properties and, in its bergapten-free form, it is completely devoid of phototoxicity. NanoBEO has been studied in vivo confirming the previously reported analgesic activity of BEO to which is now added its anti-itching properties. Due to the nanotechnology delivery system, the stability of titrated BEO components is guaranteed. Finally, the latter invention, currently under patent consideration, is smell-devoid allowing efficacy and safety to be established in double-blind clinical trials; until now the latter studies have been impeded in aromatherapy by the strong odor of essential oils. A clinical trial NCT04321889 has been designed to provide information about the efficacy and safety of NanoBEO on agitation and pain in patients suffering from severe dementia.
Ligand-dependent Antagonism by Retinoid X Receptors of Inhibitory Thyroid Hormone Response Elements (1995)

The role of retinoid X receptors (RXRs) on negative thyroid hormone response elements (nTREs) is not well understood. In this report, we demonstrate that an orientation-specific monomeric thyroid hormone receptor (T3R) DNA-binding site mediates thyroid hormone inhibition in the thyrotropin beta subunit gene (TSH-beta) from human and murine species. Unlike positive TREs, addition of the ligand 9-cis retinoic acid (9-cis RA) to cells transfected with a T3R beta 1 expression vector significantly reduces thyroid hormone inhibition of the TSH-beta gene, indicating that endogenous retinoid receptors antagonize T3R function. Cotransfection of an RXR-alpha but not a retinoic acid receptor-alpha expression vector further antagonizes thyroid hormone inhibition, but only in the presence of 9-cis RA. Antagonism by RXR requires both an intact DNA- and ligand-binding domain. Removal of monomeric T3R binding to the TSH-beta nTRE also requires both RXR domains. A model is proposed whereby monomeric T3R is removed from a nTRE by RXR occupied by its ligand 9-cis RA. This is the first report of 9-cis RA-dependent antagonism of thyroid hormone inhibition via negative TREs.
Method for the purification ofFilobasidiella neoformansbasidiospores by flow cytometry (1982)

A procedure is described for the purification of basidiospores of Filobasidiella neoformans. The method involves the use of flow cytometry, and yields a suspension containing approximately 4 × 104 infective particles ml-1, of which greater than 95% are basidiospores. The application of this procedure to studies of the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis is discussed. Se describe un procedimiento para purificar los basidiosporos de Filobasidiella neoformans. El método basado en citometria de flujo, proporciona una suspensión que contiene aproximadamente 4 × 104 partículas infectantes por ml., de las cuales más del 95% son basidiosporos. En el texto se discute la. aplicación de este procedimiento al estudio de la patogénesis del criptococo.
Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Linear and Nonlinear Optical Thin Films (1999)

This dissertation demonstrates the feasibility of using novel electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) methods to fabricate linear and nonlinear optical thin films and components. The ESA process involves the layer-by-layer alternate adsorption of anionic and cationic complexes from aqueous solutions. Selection of the molecules in each layer, their orientation at the molecular level, and the order in which the layers are assembled determine the film’s bulk optical, electronic, magnetic, thermal, mechanical and other properties. In this work, the capability of nanoscale control over film optical properties allowed the fabrication of complicated refractive index profiles required for linear optical interference filters. The inherent ordered nature of ESA films yielded extremely stable noncentrosymmetric thin films for second-order nonlinear optical applications. The ESA technique offers numerous advantages over conventional thin film fabrication methods and offers great potential in commercial applications such as reflectance and AR filters, EO waveguides and modulators and other optoelectronic devices. The structure of each monolayer in ESA films is dependent on the processing parameters, producing subsequent variations in bulk film properties both intentionally and incidentally. As