gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase Transition Behavior of Solids under Shock Compression (2010)

Through the measurement of Hugoniot parameters, we can get useful information about high-pressure phase transitions, equations of state (EOS), etc. of solids, without pressure calibration. And, we can discuss the transition dynamics, because the relaxation times of phase transition and compression process are of the same order. We have performed the Hugoniot-measurement experiments on various kinds of compound materials including oxides, nitrides, borides and chalcogenides by using a high time-resolution streak photographic system combined with the propellant guns. The structure-phase transitions have been observed for several kinds of inorganic materials, TiO2, ZrO2, Gd3Ga5O12, AlN, ZnS, ZnSe, etc. The phase transition pressures under shock and static compressions of metals, ionic materials, semiconductors and some ceramics are consistent with each other. Those are not consistent for strong covalent bonding materials such as C, BN and SiO2. Here, the Hugoniot compression data are reviewed, and the shock-induced phase transitions and the dynamics are discussed, as well as the EOS of the high-pressure phase up to evem 1 TPa.
Field and Theoretical Evaluation of Thermal Fatigue Cracking in Flexible Pavements (2005)

Thermal cracking in flexible pavement occurs when the tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of hot-mix asphalt at a given temperature or when fluctuating stresses and strains caused by temperature variation lead to a buildup of irrecoverable deformations over time. The objective of this study was twofold: ( a) to quantify the measured strain magnitude associated with thermal fatigue through field measurements and ( b) to present a three-dimensional, finite element (FE) model that accurately simulated thermal fatigue in flexible pavement. Results of the experimental program indicated that pavement response to thermal loading was associated with a high strain range, reaching a maximum recorded value of 350 μm/m. This finding confirms the hypothesis that the criticality of thermal fatigue arises from the high stress–strain level exhibited in each cycle rather than its frequency, which is usually the critical factor in load-associated fatigue cracking. Moreover, the developed FE model accurately simulated pavement response to thermal loading by conducting a sequential coupled heat transfer analysis. Results of the developed FE model were in agreement with field measurements and demonstrated the model's capability to simulate both the temperature and stress fields associated with thermal loading. This model may be used to evaluate pavement performance against transverse cracking induced by thermal fatigue.
Ultra-wideband quadrature coupler (1983)

A multioctave quadrature microwave 3 dB coupler has been produced using basic microstrip techniques. The design described uses a multistage realisation and overcomes the problem of a very tightly coupled centre section by employing a tandem Lange coupler configuration.
Rat intestinal trehalase. Studies of the active site (1987)

Rat intestinal trehalase was solubilized, purified and reconstituted into proteoliposomes. With octyl glucoside as the solubilizing detergent, the purified protein appeared as a single band on SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis with an apparent molecular mass of 67 kDa. Kinetic studies indicated that the active site of this enzyme can be functionally divided into two adjacent regions, namely a binding site (with pKa 4.8) and a catalytic site (with pKa 7.2). Other findings suggested that the catalytic site contains a functional thiol group, which is sensitive to inhibition by N-ethylmaleimide, Hg2+ and iodoacetate. Substrate protection and iodoacetate labelling of the thiol group demonstrated that only a protein of 67 kDa was labelled. Furthermore, sucrose and phlorizin protected the thiol group, but Tris-like inhibitors did not. Structure-inhibition analysis of Tris-like inhibitors, the pH effect of Tris inhibition and Tris protection of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodi-imide inactivation permitted characterization and location of a separate site containing a carboxy group for Tris binding, which may also be the binding region. On the basis of these findings, a possible structure for the active site of trehalase is proposed.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Peptides Derived from Tumor Antigens Induced by Inhibition of DNA Methylation for Development of Drug-facilitated Immunotherapy (2016)

Treatment of cancer cells with anticancer drugs often fails to achieve complete remission. Yet, such drug treatments may induce alteration in the tumor's gene expression patterns, including those of Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTA). The degradation products of such antigens can be presented as HLA peptides on the surface of the tumor cells and be developed into anticancer immunotherapeutics. For example, the DNA methyl transferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) has limited antitumor efficacy, yet it induces the expression of many genes, including CTAs that are normally silenced in the healthy adult tissues. In this study, the presentation of many new HLA peptides derived from CTAs and induced by Decitabine was demonstrated in three human Glioblastoma cell lines. Such presentation of CTA-derived HLA peptides can be exploited for development of new treatment modalities, combining drug treatment with anti-CTA targeted immunotherapy. The Decitabine-induced HLA peptidomes include many CTAs that are not normally detected in healthy tissues or in cancer cells, unless treated with the drug. In addition, the study included large-scale analyses of the simultaneous effects of Decitabine on the transcriptomes, proteomes and HLA peptidomes of the human Glioblastoma cells. It demonstrates the poor correlations between these three levels of gene expression, both in their total levels and in their response to the drug. The proteomics and HLA peptidomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003790 and the transcriptomics data are available via GEO with identifier GSE80137.
Reproductive Stage and Modulation of Stress‐Induced Tau Phosphorylation in Female Rats (2015)

Chronic stress is implicated as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Although the specific mechanisms linking stress exposure and AD vulnerability have yet to be fully determined, our laboratory and others have shown that acute and repeated restraint stress in rodents leads to an increase in hippocampal tau phosphorylation (tau-P) and tau insolubility, a critical component of tau pathology in AD. Although tau phosphorylation induced by acute psychological stress is dependent on intact signaling through the type 1 corticotropin-releasing factor receptor, how sex steroids or other modulators contribute to this effect is unknown. A naturally occurring attenuation of the stress response is observed in female rats at the end of pregnancy and throughout lactation. To test the hypothesis that decreased sensitivity to stress during lactation modulates stress-induced tau-P, cohorts of virgin, lactating and weaned female rats were subjected to 30 min of restraint stress or no stress (control) and were killed 20 min or 24 h after the episode. Exposure to restraint stress induced a significant decrease in tau-P in the hippocampus of lactating rats killed 20 min after stress compared to lactating controls and virgins subjected to stress treatment. Lactating rats killed 24 hr after restraint stress exposure showed significant elevation in tau-P compared to lactating cohorts killed 20 min after stress. Levels of tau-P in these latter cohorts did not differ signficantly from control animals. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3-α levels were significantly decreased in stressed lactating animals at both timepoints. This suggests a steep, yet transient stress-induced dephosphorylation of tau, influenced by GSK3, in the hippocampus of lactating rats.
Sonic propagation in a fluid‐filled slow formation borehole (1982)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1982Sonic propagation in a fluid‐filled slow formation boreholeAuthors: S. K. ChangT. L. MarzettaM. SchoenbergS. K. ChangSchlumberger‐Doll Research, T. L. MarzettaSchlumberger‐Doll Research, and M. SchoenbergSchlumberger‐Doll Researchhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826955 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826955FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1982ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1982 Pages: 520 publication data© 1982 Copyright © 1982 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION S. K. Chang, T. L. Marzetta, and M. Schoenberg, (1982), "Sonic propagation in a fluid‐filled slow formation borehole," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 318-320. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826955 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Loss-of-function of gynoecium-expressed phospholipase triggers haploid induction (2022)

Abstract Pollen-specific phospholipase A-mediated in vivo haploid induction system was functionally well conserved in numerous monocots. However, no functional orthologous gene has been identified in dicots plants. Here, we show that loss-of-function of gynoecium-expressed phospholipase AII (pPLAIIγ) triggers haploid plants in Arabidopsis, at an average rate of 1.46%. Reciprocal crosses demonstrate that haploid plants are triggered from the female side and not from the pollen, and the haploid plants carry the maternal genome.
Flux pinning inPrFeAsO0.9andNdFeAsO0.9F0.1superconducting crystals (2010)

Local magnetic measurements are used to quantitatively characterize heterogeneity and flux line pinning in ${\text{PrFeAsO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}$ and NdFeAs(O,F) superconducting single crystals. In spite of spatial fluctuations of the critical current density on the macroscopic scale, it is shown that the major contribution comes from collective pinning of vortex lines by microscopic defects by the mean-free-path fluctuation mechanism. The defect density extracted from experiment corresponds to the dopant atom density, which means that dopant atoms play an important role both in vortex pinning and in quasiparticle scattering. In the studied underdoped ${\text{PrFeAsO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}$ and NdFeAs(O,F) crystals, there is a background of strong pinning, which we attribute to spatial variations in the dopant atom density on the scale of a few dozen to 100 nm. These variations do not go beyond 5%---we therefore do not find any evidence for coexistence of the superconducting and the antiferromagnetic phase. The critical current density in sub-tesla fields is characterized by the presence of a peak effect, the location of which in the $(B,T)$ plane is consistent with an order-disorder transition of the vortex lattice.
TEST NEW ELECTRIC INCINERATOR DESIGN FOR STERILIZING LABORATORY AIR (1964)

Two sizes of an electric air sterilizer designed for long operational life and ease of maintenance were tested for effectiveness in sterilizing air containing heavy concentrations of bacterial spores. The results are given.
A data synchronization service for ad hoc groups (2004)

The emergence of wireless ad hoc networking has opened the way for a new style of distributed computing. Ad hoc networks operate without infrastructure such as routers or access points. Software designed for this environment faces new challenges. In traditional networks, partitioning is typically treated as an exceptional and transient condition. The situation in ad hoc wireless networks is completely reversed. Each ad hoc group is an isolated network, partitioned from all other ad hoc networks. As computers move from one ad hoc group to another, the set of partitions changes. This paper presents the design and implementation of a data synchronization service intended specifically for ad hoc wireless networks. It describes the underlying factors affecting the design, the protocol used to achieve synchronization, and some performance measurements from the actual implementation.
Web-Based Risk Prediction Tool for an Individual's Risk of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Development and External Validation Study (2022)

Our web-based risk prediction tool could accurately predict the risk of HIV and STIs for clinic attendees using simple self-reported questions. MySTIRisk could serve as an HIV and STI screening tool on clinic websites or digital health platforms to encourage individuals at risk of HIV or an STI to be tested or start HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. The public can use this tool to assess their risk and then decide if they would attend a clinic for testing. Clinicians or public health workers can use this tool to identify high-risk individuals for further interventions.
Three distinct modes in a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (2010)

Cold atmospheric pressure helium plasma jets are increasingly used in many processing applications, due to a distinct combination of their inherent plasma stability with excellent reaction chemistry often enhanced downstream. Despite their widespread usage, it remains largely unknown whether cold atmospheric plasma jets maintain similar characteristics from breakdown to arcing or whether they possess different operating modes. In addition to their known ability to produce a fast moving train of discrete luminous clusters along the jet length, commonly known as plasma bullets, this paper reports evidence of two additional modes of operation, namely a chaotic mode and a continuous mode in an atmospheric helium plasma jet. Through detailed electrical and optical characterization, it is shown that immediately following breakdown the plasma jet operates in a deterministic chaotic mode. With increasing input power, the discharge becomes periodic and the jet plasma is found to produce at least one strong plasma bullet every cycle of the applied voltage. Further increase in input power eventually leads to the continuous mode in which excited species are seen to remain within the inter-electrode space throughout the entire cycle of the applied voltage. Transition from the chaotic, through the bullet, to the continuous modes is abrupt and distinct, with each mode having a unique set of operating characteristics. For the bullet mode, direct evidence is presented to demonstrate that the evolution of the plasma jet involves a repeated sequence of generation, collapse and regeneration of the plasma head occurring at locations progressively towards the instantaneous cathode. These offer previously unavailable insight into plasma jet formation mechanisms and the potential of matching plasma jet modes to specific needs of a given processing application.
A NEUROMORPHIC SELECTIVE ATTENTION ARCHITECTURE WITH DYNAMIC SYNAPSES AND INTEGRATE-AND-FIRE NEURONS (2004)

Selective attention is a process widely used by biological sensory systems to overcome the problem of limited parallel processing capacity: salient subregions of the input stimuli are serially processed, while non--salient regions are suppressed. We present an analog Very Large Scale Integration implementation of a building block for a multi--chip neuromorphic hardware model of selective attention. We describe the chip&amp;apos;s architecture underlining the similarity between the circuits and biological neurons and synapses. We present experimental results showing the system&amp;apos;s behavior as a function of its bias settings.
Report of a Proprietary Process to reduce dissolved Total Nitrogen in the Final Effluent at a wastewater treatment system and in the Groundwater Downstream from a Soil Absorption System in a Coastal Outwash Plain (2011)

This report describes a new process that reduces dissolved Total Nitrogen of denitrified effluent water at a wastewater treatment system and the subsequent in situ denitrification in the vadose zone and groundwater below the soil absorption system. This new process adds and mixes a proprietary manmade organic carbon to previously treated effluent having low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and low concentrations of dissolved Total Nitrogen. The mixed fluid is dosed intermittently to a specially constructed, proprietary stratified sand filter, prior to discharge to the environment. This step removes about 40% of the dissolved TN applied to the proprietary filter. The effluent was discharged into sandy soils in a coastal outwash plain and an estimated removal rate of 50% of the remaining dissolved Total Nitrogen in the upper groundwater under the soil absorption system was found. The apparent carbon source for in situ denitrification is described as microscopic insoluble particles. The calculated in situ removal was estimated using measurements from tests of the groundwater taken from upstream and downstream monitoring wells. The process can be used in any similar waters with low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and low concentrations of dissolved Total Nitrogen.
On‐column infrared monitoring for reversed phase liquid chromatography with deuterated solvents (1983)

Abstract Infrared monitoring was accomplished in reversed phase HPLC on using deuterated solvents. The end of a micro HPLC column was flattend and used as a flow cell for on‐column IR detection. Detection of alkylbenzenes and oil‐soluble vitamins which were separeted on ODS packing with CD 3 CN/D 2 O and CD 3 OD, respectively, was performed at 2940 cm −1 .
Supplementary Figure S5 from Superior Properties of Fc-comprising scTRAIL Fusion Proteins (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5 provides data on cell death induction of scTRAIL fusion proteins on Colo205 cells in the presence of blocking antibody.&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract 12057: Absence of Pericarditis Recurrence in Rilonacept-Treated Patients With COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccinations: Experience From Phase 3 Rhapsody Long-Term Extension (2022)

Introduction: Rare cardiac complications of COVID-19 and COVID-19 mRNA vaccination include pericarditis and myocarditis. Patients with recurrent pericarditis may be at increased risk of triggered recurrence. The known efficacy of the interleukin (IL)-1 antagonist rilonacept in treating and preventing recurrence could inform COVID-19 disease and vaccination management. Methods: The Phase 3 trial RHAPSODY was a global, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized-withdrawal study. A long-term extension (LTE) enabled up to 24 months further open-label treatment from May 2020 until June 2022. Concomitant vaccination data and adverse events, including COVID-19, were collected. Results: No COVID-19 cases were reported during the run-in and randomized withdrawal periods (n=86). As of the 6 May 2022 data cutoff, a COVID-19 AE was reported in 19% (14/74) of LTE subjects, of whom 12 were on rilonacept: 5 of 44 fully-vaccinated (≥14 days beyond second serial dose) subjects (11.4%) and 9 of 30 unvaccinated or partially-vaccinated subjects (30.0%). Of the fully-vaccinated subjects, 1 case occurred ~11 months post primary vaccination cycle (no booster). COVID-19 severity was mild (n= 11), moderate (n=2), or severe (n=1). All cases resolved except the severe AE complicated by comorbidities; the subject discontinued. Of 12 subjects receiving rilonacept at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis, 10 maintained dosing with rilonacept, 1 interrupted rilonacept for ~4 weeks, and 1 discontinued rilonacept permanently; none experienced a pericarditis recurrence (PR) after the AE. The remaining 2 subjects had previously interrupted rilonacept for off-treatment observation: one had a PR &gt;4.5 months after suspending rilonacept and 18 days after COVID-19 resolution; no PR in the other (&gt;6 months). There were no PR AEs associated with COVID-19 vaccination (all subjects were receiving rilonacept). Conclusions: In patients on rilonacept in this study, although numbers are small, vaccination reduced COVID-19 events, pericarditis recurrence was not increased by vaccination or disease, and no pericarditis recurrences occurred during rilonacept treatment. One pericarditis recurrence occurred remotely after rilonacept suspension in the peri-COVID-19 period.
[Demonstration of specific antibodies against diethylstilbestrol during treatment of prostatic cancer]. (1986)

Antibodies against diethylstilboestrol were detected in prostatic cancer patients treated with diethylstilboestrol (DES). Direct radioimmunoassay (DRIA) was performed in 109 patients divided into three groups: a control group of 33 patients (group I), a group of 38 patients treated by DES and free of cardiovascular complications (group II), and a group of 38 patients treated by DES with cardiovascular complications (group III). Antibody count was significantly higher in group III than in the two other groups (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that DES antibodies may play a role in estrogen-associated cardiovascular toxicity. For this reason, DES should not be used in patients with a positive assay.
Process Simulation Role in the Development of New Alloys Based on an Integrated Computational Materials Engineering Approach (2014)

To accelerate the introduction of new materials and components, the development of metal casting processes requires the teaming between different disciplines, as multi-physical phenomena have to be considered simultaneously for the process design and optimization for mechanical properties. The required models for physical phenomena as well as their validation status for metal casting are reviewed. The data on materials properties, model validation, and relevant microstructure for materials properties are highlighted. One vehicle to accelerate the development of new materials is through combined experimental-computational efforts. Integrated computational/experimental practices are reviewed; strengths and weaknesses are identified with respect to metal casting processes. Specifically, the examples are given for the knowledge base established at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and computer models for predicting casting defects and microstructure distribution in aluminum alloy components.
An Efficient, Durable Vocational Truck Gasoline Engine (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the potential for the use of Dedicated EGR® (D-EGR®) in a gasoline powered medium truck engine. The project goal was to determine if it is possible to match the thermal efficiency of a medium-duty diesel engine in Class 4 to Class 7 truck operations. The project evaluated a range of parameters for a D-EGR engine, including displacement, operating speed range, boosting systems, and BMEP levels. The engine simulation was done in GT-POWER, guided by experimental experience with smaller size D-EGR engines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The resulting engine fuel consumption maps were applied to two vehicle models, which ran over a range of 8 duty cycles at 3 payloads. This allowed a thorough evaluation of how D-EGR and conventional gasoline engines compare in fuel consumption and thermal efficiency to a diesel. The project results show that D-EGR gasoline engines can compete with medium duty diesel engines in terms of both thermal efficiency and GHG emissions. Since gasoline has less energy per gallon than diesel, the D-EGR engine will have higher fuel consumption in gallons than the diesel, but the higher price of diesel fuel makes up for this difference in the US market.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;D-EGR also results in much lower in-cylinder and exhaust temperatures, which will help improve durability compared to a conventional gasoline engine. A D-EGR engine with its 3-way catalyst will be far cheaper than a diesel with DPF and SCR, so there is an opportunity for gasoline engines to regain medium truck market share.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;