gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methods of Human Face Detection (2006)

This paper consider the human face detection. This algorithm combines the facial color space and pattern recognition. First, select the best kind of facial color space to detect the human face;Then,human face can be accurately located by using templates base on KL transformation. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed the method has good performance.
Lectinohistochemistry of human bladder cancer: Loss of lectin binding structures in invasive carcinomas (1989)

With the purpose of studying changes in the expression of glycoconjugate structures in urothelium, nine different lectins (PNA, WGA, VFA, GSA II, STA, UEA I, LCA, DBA and HPA) with specificity for mono- or oligo-saccharides were used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 47 patients who had undergone surgical resection for bladder tumors and on normal urothelial biopsies from 10 patients. The tumors were graded and a lectinohistochemical method using biotinylated lectins and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex was used to demonstrate the lectin binding. Positive staining reactions of cells in cytoplasm and on membranes were evaluated in the basal, the intermediate, and the luminal cell layers, respectively. In both normal and atypical urothelium lectin binding predominated in the luminal cell layer and decreased towards the basal cell layer. In normal urothelium all lectins stained greater than 66% of the cells in the luminal cell layer in cytoplasm and between 5 and 100% of the cells on membranes depending on the lectin used. A gradual loss of lectin-binding structures was seen with increasing grade of atypia. The range of this decrease varied considerably from one lectin to another, but it was consistently found that the percentage of cells stained in cytoplasm and on membranes decreased. A significantly lower percentage of cells stained in cytoplasm was found in invasive tumor cell-islands compared to normal urothelium. In invasive tumor cell-islands staining of cells on membranes was completely absent, except for HPA lectin that stained less than 10% of the cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate a dramatic decrease in lectin-binding carbohydrate structures associated with urothelial malignant progression.
Discordant transforming growth factor beta 1 RNA and protein localization during chemical carcinogenesis of the skin. (1992)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits proliferation of normal keratinocytes, and this response is retained, to variable extents, in benign tumors of the skin (S. Haddow, D. J. Fowlis, K. Parkinson, R. J. Akhurst, and A. Balmain, Oncogene, 6: 1465-1470, 1991). To investigate the profile of TGF-beta biosynthesis during various stages of chemical carcinogenesis of the skin, we used a combination of ribonuclease protection assay, in situ hybridization with gene-specific probes for TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3, and immunohistochemistry with isoform-specific antibodies against TGF-beta 1. Following 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate treatment of adult mouse skin, there was a rapid induction of TGF-beta 1 protein. Intracellular TGF-beta 1 protein was localized to suprabasal keratinocytes, and the extracellular form was localized predominantly to the dermis. Despite ubiquitous induction of TGF-beta 1 protein by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in various mouse strains, we noted strain-specific differences in the quantitative induction of TGF-beta 1 RNA. Papillomas and carcinomas induced in vivo had elevated levels of TGF-beta 1 RNA within the basal keratinocyte compartment but did not contain significant levels of TGF-beta 1 protein within the tumor. We postulate that the tumor evades TGF-beta 1-controlled negative growth regulation by altered translational and/or posttranslational processing mechanisms of this growth factor. Levels of TGF-beta 2 and -beta 3 RNA were not elevated at any stage of chemical carcinogenesis of the skin.
<title>Characterization of arbitrarily polarized ultrashort pulses using frequency-resolved optical gating</title> (2001)

We discuss two alternative solutions to the ultrashort pulse characterization problem. A numerical study is developed comparing their performance when facing the amplitude and phase retrieval of arbitrarily polarized pulses. Both algorithms are based on Frequency Resolved Optical Gating (FROG) with the use of Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) and the method of Generalized Projections. One of them allows to characterize both components of the pulse after transforming it into a linearly-polarized double pulse while the other one makes possible to retrieve directly the full amplitude and phase evolution of two unknown components (BLIND FROG). We conclude, after some numerical testing, that both algorithms allow an accurate retrieval, even in presence of noise, in a reasonably short computing time.
Prevalence of serotypes and molecular types among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive disease in Singapore between June 2009 and August 2010 (2012)

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of sepsis, meningitis and respiratory disease worldwide. World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that between 700,000 and 1 million children aged less than 5 die from pneumococcal infections. There are three pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that consist of 7, 10 or 13 of the most common capsular polysaccharides available for children. However, pneumococcal populations have been observed to undergo temporal changes in clonal distribution when the pressure from a vaccine is present. Therefore, the understanding of the underlying population structure is informative for formulating vaccine policy. We present epidemiological data on IPD from the national surveillance scheme in Singapore. Methods: One hundred fifty-four IPD isolates (children <5 years: n = 11, children [5-18) years: n = 2, adults [18-64) years: n = 77, adults >64: n = 64), received by the National Public Health Laboratory in Singapore from June 2009 to August 2010, were characterised using serotyping and MLST. Results: Commonly occurring serotypes (in rank order) were: 6B, 19A and 19F in children <5 years; 19A, 7F, 3 and 8 in adults aged 18-64, and 3, 19A and 14 in adults over 64 years old. Two isolates from children aged 5-18 years were 4 and 23F. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) could prevent 38% of IPD, whereas PCV10 and PCV13 could prevent 50% and 62% of IPD respectively. Comparative eBURST showed that 16 STs were singletons and 13 of them were new STs. The most common clones ST9, ST81 and ST320 were found in all age groups (with exception for children aged 5 to 18 years). Serotypes 3, 19F and 23F contained the most of the new STs. Conclusion: The serotype distribution reported here suggests that PCV would be effective in reducing pneumococcal disease burden in Singapore. Although PCVs would target the majority of common serotypes, differences in the clonal composition are important to consider because of the ability of pneumococcus to switch capsule types through mutation and recombination. Considerable genetic diversity among Singaporean IPD isolates was reported, providing a reservoir for genetic exchange. Further studies to analyse pneumococci in the region are warranted.
Providing for two-year-olds (2013)

Is your setting gearing up for more places for twos as part of the government funded offer? Elaine Hook offers tips on the particular needs that this age group can bring and how you can ensure you meet them.
Reciprocity, Relationships, and Distributive Justice (2012)

This paper argues that the concern for distributive justice might be universal rather than contingent on a morally optional relationship, but limited in the demands it places upon us where a reasonable assurance of reciprocity is lacking. Principles of dis tributive justice apply wherever people are interacting, even if they have no choice but to interact, but are grounded in the goal of constituting relationships of mutual recognition as equals, and so partly conditional on compliance by others. On this view, there is no uni lateral duty to share the benefits of cooperation fairly, only a unilateral duty to help es tablish institutions that will permit fair sharing with a reasonable assurance of reciprocity.
Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylative C–S Coupling to Convert Thioesters to Thioethers (2017)

This Letter describes the development of a catalytic decarbonylative C–S coupling reaction that transforms thioesters into thioethers. Both Pd- and Ni-based catalysts are developed and applied to the construction of diaryl, aryl-alkyl, and heterocycle-containing thioethers.
Co-immunization with pre-erythrocytic antigens alongside circumsporozoite protein can enhance sterile protection against Plasmodium sporozoite infection. (2022)

Abstract Malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites have a complex life cycle and present numerous antigen targets that may contribute to protective immune responses. The currently recommended vaccine—RTS,S—functions by targeting the P. falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP), which is the most abundant surface protein of the sporozoite form responsible for initiating infection of the human host. Despite showing only moderate efficacy, RTS,S has established a strong foundation for the development of next-generation subunit vaccines. Our previous work characterizing the sporozoite surface proteome identified additional non-CSP antigens that may be useful as immunogens individually or in combination with CSP. In this study, we examined eight such antigens using the rodent malaria parasite P. yoelii as a model system. We demonstrate that despite conferring weak protection individually, co-immunizing each of several of these antigens alongside CSP, could significantly enhance the sterile protection achieved by CSP immunization alone. Thus, our work provides compelling evidence that a multi-antigen pre-erythrocytic vaccine approach may enhance protection compared to CSP-only vaccines. This lays the groundwork for further studies aimed at testing the identified antigen combinations in human vaccination trials that assess efficacy with controlled human malaria infection.
THE VERSATILE LATISSIMUS DORSI MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP IN BREAST AND OTHER RECONSTRUCTION1 (1982)

In this series of 35 clinical cases, the versatility of the latissimus dorsal flap is demonstrated. Whilst its width is limited to approximately 10 cm to gain primary closure, its length extends from the axilla almost to the iliac crest. If a larger area of soft tissue cover is required, muscle only may be used covered with a split skin graft. Its safe rapid dissection, reliable blood supply and wide arc of rotation makes it suitable for many of the reconstructive needs in the trunk, head and neck. Its large vascular pedicle makes it particularly suitable for free flap transfer. The commonest indication for use of the flap has been reconstruction of the breast following radical surgery. The secondary morbidity at the donor site is negligible.
Exploiting local features from deep networks for image retrieval (2015)

Deep convolutional neural networks have been successfully applied to image classification tasks. When these same networks have been applied to image retrieval, the assumption has been made that the last layers would give the best performance, as they do in classification. We show that for instance-level image retrieval, lower layers often perform better than the last layers in convolutional neural networks. We present an approach for extracting convolutional features from different layers of the networks, and adopt VLAD encoding to encode features into a single vector for each image. We investigate the effect of different layers and scales of input images on the performance of convolutional features using the recent deep networks OxfordNet and GoogLeNet. Experiments demonstrate that intermediate layers or higher layers with finer scales produce better results for image retrieval, compared to the last layer. When using compressed 128-D VLAD descriptors, our method obtains state-of-the-art results and outperforms other VLAD and CNN based approaches on two out of three test datasets. Our work provides guidance for transferring deep networks trained on image classification to image retrieval tasks.
Laminin 1 chain reduces muscular dystrophy in laminin 2 chain deficient mice (2004)

Laminin (LN) alpha2 chain deficiency in humans and mice leads to severe forms of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). Here, we investigated whether LNalpha1 chain in mice can compensate for the absence of LNalpha2 chain and prevent the development of muscular dystrophy. We generated mice expressing a LNalpha1 chain transgene in skeletal muscle of LNalpha2 chain deficient mice. LNalpha1 is not normally expressed in muscle, but the transgenically produced LNalpha1 chain was incorporated into muscle basement membranes, and normalized the compensatory changes of expression of certain other laminin chains (alpha4, beta2). In 4-month-old mice, LNalpha1 chain could fully prevent the development of muscular dystrophy in several muscles, and partially in others. The LNalpha1 chain transgene not only reversed the appearance of histopathological features of the disease to a remarkable degree, but also greatly improved health and longevity of the mice. Correction of LNalpha2 chain deficiency by LNalpha1 chain may serve as a paradigm for gene therapy of CMD in patients.
Supplementary Data from Hypoxia Drives Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Expression in Macrophages and Confers Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Domain Mutations in Esophageal and Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas (2006)

The presence of activating mutations within EGFR in both esophageal and pancreatic adenocarcinomas defines a previously unrecognized subset of gastrointestinal tumors in which EGFR signaling may play an important biological role. EGFR mutations in premalignant lesions of Barrett's esophagus also point to these as an early event in transformation of the esophageal epithelium. The role of genotype-directed TKI therapy should be tested in prospective clinical trials.
FPGA Implementation of a Chaos-based Stream Cipher and Evaluation of its Performances (2020)

The simulation of the proposed CSC is done in VHDL using the ISE Design Suite 14.6 tool of Xilinx with finite computing precision N = 32-bit and the hardware implementation is realized on the SAKURA-G FPGA board. The proposed system requires 6036 slices LUTs as hardware cost and achieves throughput of 301.184 Mbps. It is robust against statistical attacks and thus can be used in all applications that require confidentiality.
The role of chemical potential in the adsorption of lysozyme at the air-water interface (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe role of chemical potential in the adsorption of lysozyme at the air-water interfaceShuqian Xu and Srinivasan DamodaranCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 8, 2021–2027Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00044a024https://doi.org/10.1021/la00044a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of Miscibility in Four-Component CO2 Floods (1993)

Summary A rigorous tie-line extension criterion for the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is derived for dispersion-free, 1D displacements in four-component systems in which CO2 displaces oil containing dissolved methane. The key tie-lines required for application of the MMP criterion are obtained by a simple graphical construction. A simplified technique for construction of solutions is demonstrated for the CO2/methane/butane/decane system. The new technique makes solution of certain four-component problems not much more difficult than solution of a Buckley-Leverett displacement of oil by water.
Investigating the Role of Shell Thickness and Field Cooling on Saturation Magnetization and Its Temperature Dependence in Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 Core/Shell Nanoparticles (2017)

Understanding saturation magnetization and its behavior with particle size and temperature are essential for medical applications such magnetic hyperthermia. We report the effect of shell thickness and field cooling on the saturation magnetization and its behavior with temperature in Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 core/shell nanoparticles of fixed core diameter (8 nm) and several shell thicknesses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)) were used to investigate the phase and the morphology of the samples. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed the core/shell structure and phases. Using a SQUID (San Diego, CA, USA), magnetic measurements were conducted in the temperature range of 2 to 300 K both under zero field-cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) protocols at several field-cooling values. In the ZFC state, considerable enhancement of saturation magnetization was obtained with the increase of shell thickness. After field cooling, we observed a drastic enhancement of the saturation magnetization in one sample up to 120 emu/g (50% larger than the bulk value). In both the FC and ZFC states, considerable deviations from the original Bloch’s law were observed. These results are discussed and attributed to the existence of interface spin-glass clusters which are modified by the changes in the shell thickness and the field-cooling.
Characterisation of the yeast Pichia membranifaciens and its possible use in the biological control of Botrytis cinerea, causing the grey mould disease of grapevine (2001)

Pichia membranifaciens strain FY-101, isolated from grape skins, was found to be antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea, the causal organism of the grey mould disease of the grapevine. When grown together on solid as well as liquid media, the yeast brings about the inhibition of this parasitic fungus, coagulation and leakage of its cytoplasm, and suppression of its ability to produce the characteristic grey mould symptoms on the grapevine plantlets. In vitro experiments confirm that this yeast can be used as a biological control organism against B. cinerea. An account of the molecular characterisation of P. membranifaciens (complete sequence of the ITS region of its ribosomal DNA, GenBank accession No. AF 270935), as well as the interaction between B. cinerea and the yeast, are given here.
Immunologische Mechanismen des Harnstoff-vermittelten Proteintransfers in antigenpräsentierende Zellen und dessen Bedeutung für den Nachweis antigenspezifischer T-Zellen und ihrer Zielstrukturen (2007)

In der Regel gelangen lösliche, extrazelluläre Proteine nahezu ausschließlich in den exogenen HLA Klasse II Präsentationsweg antigenpräsentierender Zellen, wodurch ihre Fähigkeit CD8+ zytotoxische T Lymphozyten zu restimulieren limitiert wird. In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue, auf Harnstoff-adjuvierung beruhende Methode beschrieben die den Transfer von löslichem Protein in den endogenen HLA Klasse I Prozessierungsweg durch einen als cross-presentation bezeichneten Vorgang ermöglicht. Die diesem Transfer zugrundeliegenden molekularen Mechanismen wurden in dieser Arbeit umfassend untersucht und weitgehend aufgedeckt. Darüber hinaus fand dieses Verfahren praktische Anwendung bei der Entdeckung bislang unbekannte Zielstrukturen CD8+ zytotoxische T Lymphozyten (Epitope) zu entdecken und die Stärke Antigen-spezifischer zytotoxischer T Zellantworten in immunsupprimierten Patienten zu untersuchen.
Quantum Dot-Encoded Beads (2005)

Multicolor optical coding for biological assays has been achieved by embedding semiconductor quantum dots into mesoporous and macroporous beads at precisely controlled ratios. Owing to their novel optical properties such as size-tunable emission and simultaneous excitation, quantum dots are ideal fluorophores for wavelength-and-intensity multiplexing. Kinetics study reveals that quantum dot doping of porous silica and polystyrene beads can be completed from seconds to minutes. The use of 10 intensity levels and six colors could theoretically code 1 million nucleic acid or protein sequences. Imaging and spectroscopic measurements indicate that the quantum dot-tagged beads are highly uniform and reproducible, yielding bead identification accuracies as high as 99.99% under favorable conditions. DNA hybridization studies demonstrate that the coding and target signals can be simultaneously read at the single-bead level. This spectral coding technology is expected to open new opportunities in gene expression studies, high-throughput screening, and medical diagnostics.
Optical Nyquist pulse generation using a time lens with spectral slicing (2015)

Optical Nyquist pulse generation based on a time lens with subsequent optical filtering is proposed. A nearly chirp-free 10-GHz 8.1-ps Nyquist pulse generator is experimentally demonstrated. By inserting group velocity dispersion (GVD) between cascaded phase and amplitude modulators, 11 tones ultraflat optical frequency comb (OFC) of 10-GHz frequency spacing within 0.9 dB power variation is obtained. The quasi-rectangular shape spectrum is then filtered out with a tunable rectangular-shaped optical band-pass filter (OBPF) and the quasi-linear chirp is compensated by a segment of standard single mode fiber (SSMF). By changing the wavelength of the continuous wave (CW) light, nearly chirp-free Nyquist pulses over C band are obtained. Furthermore, simultaneous dual-wavelength pulse generation is also demonstrated.
Passive movement therapy in patients with moderate to severe paratonia; study protocol of a randomised clinical trial (ISRCTN43069940) (2007)

Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN43069940.
Influence of Serotonin Transporter Promoter Region Polymorphisms on Hippocampal Volumes in Late-Life Depression (2005)

Subjects with late-onset depression who were homozygous for the L allele exhibited smaller hippocampal volumes than other groups. Genotype also mediated the effect of age of onset on hippocampal volumes. Our findings differ from previous work; however, we examined an older and larger cohort of subjects than previous studies. Possible explanations for these findings include interactions between the serotonergic system and neurotrophic factors or cortisol response to stresses, each of which may affect hippocampal volumes.