gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear and Nonlinear Elastic Waves in Magnetogranular Chains (2020)

Granular phononic crystals have become an appealing platform for the study of a plethora of nonlinear wave phenomena in mechanical structures, and for applications such as vibration filters, tunable switches, and rectifiers. Here the authors reveal the strong benefit of using external magnetic fields to design mechanically unconstrained granular crystals. The resulting magnetogranular crystals are used for a detailed study of both longitudinal and transverse-rotational nonlinear waves. This system offers great freedom in designing complex waveguide geometries, where the interplay between geometry, wave polarization, and nonlinearity could be harnessed for advanced signal processing.
Segregation between a frameshift SMCHD1 mutation, D4Z4 hypomethylation and Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (2015)

Facio-­Scapulo-­Humeral muscular Dystrophy (FSHD) is linked to a copy number reduction (n<10) of the 4q D4Z4 subtelomeric macrosatellite, in association with a DUX4-­permissive haplotype. This main form of the disease is indicated as FSHD1. FSHD‐like phenotypes may also appear, in 5% of cases, in the absence of D4Z4 copy number reduction (FSHD2). In 70‐80% of these FSHD2 patients, variants of the SMCHD1 gene have been reported to segregate with DUX4 -­compatible haplotypes and associate with D4Z4 hypomethylation. Here, we describe a family presenting neuromuscular symptoms reminiscent of FSHD but without D4Z4 copy number reduction. Bisulfite sequencing showed significant hypomethylation in a proximal region within D4Z4 in symptomatic cases of the family. Exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous insertion of 7 bp in exon 37 of the SMCHD1 gene (c.4614_4615 insTATAATA) segregating with clinical signs and producing a frameshift in the protein with a premature stop codon 4 amino acids after the insertion (p.A1539Yfs*4),potentially leading to a truncated protein with a putative dominant negative effect. At the transcript level both wild‐type and mutated alleles were detected although the mutated allele was weakly expressed in all patients’ tissues analyzed. In western blot full length protein was expressed at the same level than controls and truncated protein was not detected, excluding aploinsufficiency as pathological mechanism. Ongoing analysis of nonsense mediated degradation of the mutated transcript and quantification of relative allele expression will allow elucidating the cause of truncated protein bsence. By this work, we aim to sheds light on SMCHD1 mutated protein complex contribution to FSHD pathogenesis.
OAuthGuard: Protecting User Security and Privacy with OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect (2019)

Millions of users routinely use Google to log in to websites supporting OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect; the security of OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect is therefore of critical importance. As revealed in previous studies, in practice RPs often implement OAuth 2.0 incorrectly, and so many real-world OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect systems are vulnerable to attack. However, users of such flawed systems are typically unaware of these issues, and so are at risk of attacks which could result in unauthorised access to the victim user's account at an RP. In order to address this threat, we have developed OAuthGuard, an OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect vulnerability scanner and protector, that works with RPs using Google OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect services. It protects user security and privacy even when RPs do not implement OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect correctly. We used OAuthGuard to survey the 1000 top-ranked websites supporting Google sign-in for the possible presence of five OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect security and privacy vulnerabilities, of which one has not previously been described in the literature. Of the 137 sites in our study that employ Google Sign-in, 69 were found to suffer from at least one serious vulnerability. OAuthGuard was able to protect user security and privacy for 56 of these 69 RPs, and for the other 13 was able to warn users that they were using an insecure implementation.
Neighborhood Feature Line Segment for Image Classification (2014)

In this paper, two improved classifiers based on the nearest feature line (NFL) are proposed for image classification, where the neighborhood feature line segment-I (NFLS-I) classifier uses the neighborhood of prototypes to select the better-fitted feature lines (FLs) and the neighborhood feature line segment-II (NFLS-II) classifier utilizes the neighborhood of the query sample to choose more-likely FLs. With better selection of FLs, these two classifiers can both improve the recognition performance and the computation problem. A large number of experiments on Soil-100 object database, Yale face database, FEI face database, AR face database, and Jochen triesch static hand posture database are performed to evaluate these two proposed classifiers. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed NFLS-I and NFLS-II classifiers outperform the original NFL and some other improved NFL classifiers for object recognition, hand posture recognition, and face recognition.
Unstructured tetrahedral mesh adaptation for two-dimensional space-time finite elements (2000)

Space-time finite elements in two dimensions require the construction of a three-dimensional mesh within each time slab. To control the accuracy of the transient solution, mesh adaptation of the time slabs usually implies the interpolation of the solution at the interface between the current and the previous time slabs. Such interpolation introduces excessive diffusion for transient solution. The approach proposed in this paper is to adapt the mesh inside the time slab, with the restriction that the twodimensional unstructured triangular mesh at the bottom of the time slab (previous time level) must be unmodified. This eliminates the interpolation of the solution and the diffusion it produces.
Inferior Vena Cava Filters Prevent Pulmonary Emboli in Patients with Metastatic Pathologic Fractures of the Lower Extremity (2004)

The records of 47 consecutive patients with metastatic pathologic fractures of the lower extremity were analyzed with respect to thromboembolic complications. All patients were unable to receive pharmacologic deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, and were stratified into two groups, based on use of an inferior vena cava filter. Group I (n = 24) consisted of patients who had an inferior vena cava filter plus mechanical deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis (compression stockings and sequential compression boots); Group II (n = 23) consisted of a group of patients receiving only mechanical deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis. All patients had routine lower extremity venous duplex imaging preoperatively, postoperatively, and before hospital discharge. At final followup, patients were examined for deep venous thrombosis and reviewed for thromboembolic events. At a mean followup of 11.5 months, Group I had two detectable deep venous thromboses and no pulmonary emboli; Group II had one detectable deep venous thrombosis and five pulmonary embolisms. In Group II, 40% (two of five) of pulmonary embolisms were fatal, yielding an 8.7% (two of 23) group mortality rate. Overall, the entire group had an approximately 17% deep venous thrombosis rate. Only 6.4% (three of 47) of deep venous thromboses were detectable by standard duplex imaging. The majority of deep venous thromboses (five of eight, 62.5%) were nondetectable by duplex imaging. Overall, a 4.3% (two of 47) death rate was attributable to pulmonary embolism. In contrast, an 8.6% (four of 47) mortality rate occurred in Group II alone. All pulmonary embolisms occurred in patients who did not receive an inferior vena cava filter. The majority of venous thromboses (62.5%) were not detectable on duplex scanning, therefore were thought to arise from the pelvic venous system. Complications related to inferior vena cava filter insertion were minimal. For patients with metastatic pathologic fractures of the lower extremities who are unable to receive pharmacologic deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, the use of inferior vena cava filters, in conjunction with standard mechanical deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, is a procedure that has a low risk and is useful adjunct to prevent fatal pulmonary embolisms.
Chaos suppression in the parametrically driven Lorenz system (2005)

We predict theoretically and verify experimentally the suppression of chaos in the Lorenz system driven by a high-frequency periodic or stochastic parametric force. We derive the theoretical criteria for chaos suppression and verify that they are in a good agreement with the results of numerical simulations and the experimental data obtained for an analog electronic circuit.
Exogenous-oxidant-free electrochemical oxidative C–H sulfonylation of arenes/heteroarenes with hydrogen evolution (2018)

An efficient and environmentally benign electrochemical oxidative radical C-H sulfonylation of arenes/heteroarenes was developed in this work. A series of significant diarylsulfones were prepared under mild catalyst- and exogenous-oxidant-free reaction conditions, which efficiently avoid the issues of desulfonylation or over-reduction of sulfonyl groups.
"windowtron" RF breakdown studies at SLAC (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. The current design for the X-band Next Linear Collider (NLC) requires electric field gradients significantly higher than SLAC's operating S-band Linear Collider (SLC). Finding methods to achieve these higher gradients and minimize processing time is the focal point of the study. The test platform for the RF breakdown study is a "windowtron" which consists of a transmission cavity with demountable nose tips situated between two windows. The nose tips can be made from various materials, and different cleaning and machining techniques can be applied. The RF power is supplied to the cavity by a 50 MW X-band (11.4 GHz) klystron. Automation is currently being developed for this study in order to provide a consistent comparison between experiments. The breakdown criterion, previously based on gas or visible light, has been changed and is now based on the percentage of missing transmitted energy within each RF pulse. A fast interlock system is utilized that prevents damage by successive pulses, and enables a higher degree of control during experiments. Current experiments include comparing breakdown damage inside a high Q and low Q cavity, where the low Q cavity has eight times the energy available inside the cavity. This information is relevant to constant gradient accelerator structures where the group velocity and impedance vary inside the structure. Other experiments include high temperature (450/spl deg/C) vacuum bakeout compared to heat tape baking, the effect of multiple hydrogen braze cycles, and a comparison between different RF processing methods.
Direct solid state polycondensation of tetra‐ and hexa‐methylenediammonium terephthalate: Scaling up from the TGA micro‐reactor to a laboratory autoclave (2017)

ABSTRACT The direct solid state polycondensation (DSSP) reaction of tetramethylenediammonium and hexamethylenediammonium terephthalate (4 T and 6 T salts) in a laboratory scale autoclave reactor was investigated. The autoclave reactor is 3 orders of magnitude larger than the TGA micro‐reactor we used previously. The larger scale reactor allows more extensive analyses such as analysis of the formed condensate by titration and allows investigation of operating conditions that are important on industrial scale, such as batch (closed system) versus semibatch (open system) operation and flow of nitrogen used. Comparing the two scales has given important insight into the parameters that are important in scaling‐up direct solid‐state polycondensation. Furthermore, the effect of scaling up on the quality of the final semiaromatic polyamide products was determined, by comparing the obtained thermal properties, the solution viscosity and the end‐group concentrations obtained by 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy. When operating the open reactor with a gentle nitrogen stream, the results show that products of similar properties were obtained from the micro and the laboratory scale reactors if critical parameters like temperature and pressure time profile were kept the same. The solid character of the reacting mass was retained only when maintaining the reactor at atmospheric pressure, allowing the condensation water to be removed. When keeping the autoclave reactor closed, both polyamide (PA) products (i.e., PA4T and PA6T) were agglomerated as a result of a solid melt transition during the direct solid state polycondensation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45080.
DSP in communications (1992)

Virtually all signal processing techniques can find applications in communications. However, some are particularly typical of the field and they can have a clear impact on the equipments and services. That latter class which is considered below, with the focus on digital filters and filter banks. >
High-Throughput Screening System To Identify Small Molecules That Induce Internalization and Degradation of HER2 (2014)

Overexpression of growth factor receptors in cancers, e.g., human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in ovarian and breast cancers, is associated with aggressiveness. A possible strategy to treat cancers that overexpress those receptors is blockade of receptor signaling by inducing receptor internalization and degradation. In this study, we developed a cell-based high-throughput screening (HTS) system to identify small molecules that induce HER2 internalization by employing our recently developed acidic-pH-activatable probe in combination with protein labeling technology. Our HTS system enabled facile and reliable quantification of HER2 internalization with a Z' factor of 0.66 and a signal-to-noise ratio of 44.6. As proof of concept, we used the system to screen a ∼155,000 small-molecule library and identified three hits that induced HER2 internalization and degradation via at least two distinct mechanisms. This HTS platform should be adaptable to other disease-related receptors in addition to HER2.
Turing patterns on a plasma-liquid interface (2019)

Abstract Radially symmetric patterns are observed in pin-to-plane DC plasma systems where a liquid solution is used as a planar resistive anode. The size and structure of these patterns depends on the plasma current and salt concentration of the liquid anode. We propose that these patterns initiate due to the reaction and diffusion of electrons in the anode sheath, where electron impact ionization serves as an autocatalytic reaction. The resulting system of reaction-diffusion equations is amenable to Turing stability analysis, which we use to theoretically predict the transition from a uniform plasma to a ring-shaped pattern state. Expressing the stability criteria in terms of plasma current and solution salt concentration, we derive a theoretical phase boundary for the onset of pattern formation, which is in excellent agreement with experimental results.
Mapping effective connectivity of human amygdala subdivisions with intracranial stimulation (2022)

The primate amygdala is a complex consisting of over a dozen nuclei that have been implicated in a host of cognitive functions, individual differences, and psychiatric illnesses. These functions are implemented through distinct connectivity profiles, which have been documented in animals but remain largely unknown in humans. Here we present results from 25 neurosurgical patients who had concurrent electrical stimulation of the amygdala with intracranial electroencephalography (electrical stimulation tract-tracing; es-TT), or fMRI (electrical stimulation fMRI; es-fMRI), methods providing strong inferences about effective connectivity of amygdala subdivisions with the rest of the brain. We quantified functional connectivity with medial and lateral amygdala, the temporal order of these connections on the timescale of milliseconds, and also detail second-order effective connectivity among the key nodes. These findings provide a uniquely detailed characterization of human amygdala functional connectivity that will inform functional neuroimaging studies in healthy and clinical populations.
Fully-Automated Approach for Online Dried Blood Spot Extraction and Bioanalysis by Two-Dimensional-Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High-Resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2013)

An integrated automated approach has been developed for the direct determination of drug concentrations using a SCAP DBS system for online extraction and analysis of dried blood spots (DBS) from DBS paper cards to a multidimensional liquid chromatography system coupled to a high-resolution QTOF mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). An accurate, precise, selective, and sensitive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (2D LC-HRMS) assay was developed and validated using small volumes of rat blood (approximately 1.25 μL) from a 2 mm DBS punch. The methodology was validated according to internationally accepted regulated bioanalysis acceptance criteria in order to establish the validity of the combination of online DBS assay and use of HRMS for quantitative bioanalysis. The fully automated procedure exhibited acceptable linearity (r(2) > 0.997) over the concentration range of 5 to 1000 ng/mL. Intra- and interday precision and accuracy runs indicated relative errors less than 20% at the LLOQ level and less than 15% at all other levels. The direct extraction and analysis of DBS samples resulted in a 5-fold improvement in assay sensitivity compared to conventional off-line extraction of punched DBS samples. In addition, the impact of blood hematocrit (Hct) on accurate quantification of the studied drugs also was evaluated, comparing Hct values of 30% and 60% against standards prepared at 45%. Hematocrit experiments show that Hct can influence the accuracy of drugs quantified by DBS and needs to be thoroughly evaluated prior to committing to validating a DBS assay. The online DBS system coupled to the LC-HRMS was then successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats after administration of a single dose of 5 and 10 mg/kg for midazolam and desipramine, respectively.
Impaired Renal Sensory Responses after Renal Ischemia in the Rat (2002)

Renal sensory responses and reflex function were examined in rats 24 h after 45 min of ischemic injury caused by unilateral renal arterial occlusion (RAO). The integrity of renal pelvic mechanoreceptor (MRu)-mediated renorenal reflex was examined. An increase in ipsilateral afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) and a reflex decrease in efferent renal nerve activity (ERNA) and contralateral diuresis and natriuresis produced by increasing the intrapelvic pressure were seen in sham-operated (Sham) rats, but it was largely attenuated in RAO rats. Using single-fiber recordings of the renal MRu discharge, graded increases in intrapelvic pressure or renal pelvic administration of substance P (SP) resulted in pressure- or concentration-dependent increases in ARNA in the control kidney of Sham rats, whereas attenuated responses were seen in the postischemic kidney of RAO rats. The unresponsiveness of renal MRus in RAO rats was accompanied by an insufficient release of SP. However, the baseline SP release is higher in RAO kidneys due to a reduced neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity in the renal pelvis of the postischemic kidney. No changes in NK-1 receptor mRNA levels were demonstrated; however, the expression of NK-1 receptors in the plasma membrane of RAO pelvis were decreased, possibly resulting from the internalization of the receptors associated with beta-arrestin trafficking. Renal excretory responses after saline loading were significantly lower in the postischemic kidney of RAO rats than in Sham rats. Responses of ARNA and ERNA were also lower. It is concluded that the defective activation of renal sensory mechanoreceptors in the postischemic kidney results from an inadequate release of SP after mechanostimulation and the reduced functional NK-1 receptors.
Introduction to the Special Issue - School Counselors and a Multi-Tiered System of Supports: Cultivating Systemic Change and Equitable Outcomes (2016)

Designed to improve preK–12 student academic and behavioral outcomes, a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS), such as Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (PBIS) or Response to Intervention (RTI), is a broadly applied framework being implemented in countless schools across the United States. Such educational restructuring and system changes require school counselors to adjust their activities and interventions to fully realize the aims of MTSS. In this special issue of The Professional Counselor, the roles and functions of school counselors in MTSS frameworks are examined from various angles. This introductory article summarizes the key issues and the basic themes explored by the special issue contributors.
Using graphene nanosheets as a conductive additive to enhance the rate performance of spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material (2013)

Graphene nanosheets (GNs) were directly used as a type of novel but powerful planar conductive additive in spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO)-based electrodes, to improve the low electronic conductivity of LMO. It was found that the specific capacity and cycling performance of LMO were obviously enhanced when GNs co-existed with acetylene black (AB), a conventional carbon-based conductive agent, at an appropriate weight ratio in the LMO-based electrode (GNs and AB were 5 wt% and 10 wt% of the total weight, respectively). The unusual phenomenon was attributed to the following two reasons: (i) the planar GNs could bridge LMO particles more effectively via a "plane-to-point" conducting mode; (ii) AB particles might serve as the fillings in the electrode and connect the isolated LMO particles to GNs through a "filling effect", thereby constructing a novel and more effective conducting network. In this way, the synergy effect between the "plane-to-point" conducting mode (due to GNs) and the "filling" mode (due to AB) significantly decreased the charge-transfer resistance of the LMO-based electrode. With the much faster charge-transfer process, the rate performance of LMO was greatly enhanced. In contrast, when GNs were in excess, the effective conducting network was weakened by the agglomeration of GNs and the absence of AB, so the conductivity and the rate performance of LMO were not improved and even decreased.
Highly photosensitive transistors in single-crystal silicon thin films on fused silica (1984)

Exceptionally high photosensitivity has been obtained in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors fabricated in single-crystal silicon thin films on fused silica. The silicon films were laser crystallized and used to fabricate depletion mode transistors. Operating in pinch-off these buried-channel devices display an optical responsivity of ≳ 300 A/W of incident visible radiation. This is some four orders of magnitude greater than that achieved in enhancement mode devices of comparable design and processing. The basic mechanism for the high sensitivity is the spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes which results in long carrier lifetimes, as indicated by optical gains &amp;gt;103 and photocurrent decay times of the order of 10 μs.