gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiviral Effect of Stenocline ericoides DC. and Stenocline inuloides DC., Two Flavonoid-Rich Endemic Plants from Madagascar, against Dengue and Zika Viruses (2022)

Dengue and Zika viruses are identified as the most medically important arthropod-borne viral pathogens. Over the past 20 years, the global dengue incidence has dramatically increased with epidemics of severe dengue where the case fatality rate can reach up to 20% in untreated patients. The association between Zika virus infection and severe congenital anomalies was first reported in 2015. Today no specific antiviral therapies are available for dengue and Zika virus infections, accentuating the need of adapted antiviral strategies based on medicinal plant drug discovery. Plants are a potential source of antiviral phytocompounds which act primarily by blocking virus entry in the host-cell. In the present study, we evaluated whether crude extracts from <i>Stenocline ericoides</i> DC. and <i>Stenocline inuloides</i> DC., two endemic plants from Madagascar, may have antiviral effects against dengue and Zika viruses. We showed that <i>S. ericoides</i> has virucidal action whereas <i>S. inuloides</i> inhibits the early steps of virus infection with a non-cytotoxic effect in human cells. The administration of <i>S. ericoides</i> and <i>S. inuloides</i> extracts in zebrafish had no effect on the behavior of animals at the active doses against dengue and Zika viruses, suggesting the absence of adverse effects at these doses. LC-HRMS<sup>2</sup> and molecular networking analyses revealed the richness of these two plants in polyphenols and flavonoid with the presence of clusters of phytocompounds specific to each <i>Stenocline</i> species. Consequently, <i>S. ericoides</i> and <i>S. inuloides</i> represent potential sources for natural and safe antiviral phytocompounds against flaviviruses of medical concern.
Unposed Object Recognition using an Active Approach (2013)

Abstract : Object recognition is a practical problem with a wide variety of potential applications. Recognition becomes substantially more difficult when objects have not been presented in some logical, posed manner selected by a human observer. We propose to solve this problem using active object recognition, where the same object is viewed from multiple viewpoints when it is necessary to gain confidence in the classification decision. We demonstrate the effect of unposed objects on a state-of-the-art approach to object recognition, then show how an active approach can increase accuracy. The active approach works by attaching confidence to recognition, prompting further inspection when confidence is low. We demonstrate a performance increase on a wide variety of objects from the RGB-D database, showing a significant increase in recognition accuracy.
Activating Signal Cointegrator 2 Required for Liver Lipid Metabolism Mediated by Liver X Receptors in Mice (2003)

Activating signal cointegrator 2 (ASC-2), a cancer-amplified transcriptional coactivator of nuclear receptors and many other transcription factors, contains two LXXLL-type nuclear receptor interaction domains. Interestingly, the second LXXLL motif is highly specific to the liver X receptors (LXRs). In cotransfection, DN2, an ASC-2 fragment encompassing this motif, exerts a potent dominant-negative effect on transactivation by LXRs, which is rescued by ectopic coexpression of the full-length ASC-2 but not by other LXXLL-type coactivators, such as SRC-1 and TRAP220. In contrast, DN2/m, in which the LXXLL motif is mutated to LXXAA to abolish the interactions with LXRs, is without any effect. Accordingly, expression of DN2, but not DN2/m, in transgenic mice results in phenotypes that are highly homologous to those previously observed with LXRalpha(-/-) mice, including a rapid accumulation of large amounts of cholesterol and down-regulation of the known lipid-metabolizing target genes of LXRalpha in the liver upon being fed a high-cholesterol diet. These results identify ASC-2 as a physiologically important transcriptional coactivator of LXRs and demonstrate its pivotal role in the liver lipid metabolism.
Differential Regulation of Prelimbic and Thalamic Transmission to the Basolateral Amygdala by Acetylcholine Receptors (2022)

The amygdalar anterior basolateral nucleus (BLa) plays a vital role in emotional behaviors. This region receives dense cholinergic projections from basal forebrain which are critical in regulating neuronal activity in BLa. Cholinergic signaling in BLa has also been shown to modulate afferent glutamatergic inputs to this region. However, these studies, which have used cholinergic agonists or prolonged optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic fibers, may not reflect the effect of physiological acetylcholine release in the BLa. To better understand these effects of acetylcholine, we have used electrophysiology and optogenetics in male and female mouse brain slices to examine cholinergic regulation of afferent BLa input from cortex and midline thalamic nuclei. Phasic ACh release evoked by single pulse stimulation of cholinergic terminals had a biphasic effect on transmission at cortical input, producing rapid nicotinic receptor-mediated facilitation followed by slower mAChR-mediated depression. In contrast, at this same input, sustained ACh elevation through application of the cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine suppressed glutamatergic transmission through mAChRs only. This suppression was not observed at midline thalamic nuclei inputs to BLa. In agreement with this pathway specificity, the mAChR agonist, muscarine more potently suppressed transmission at inputs from prelimbic cortex than thalamus. Muscarinic inhibition at prelimbic cortex input required presynaptic M4 mAChRs, while at thalamic input it depended on M3 mAChR-mediated stimulation of retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. Muscarinic inhibition at both pathways was frequency-dependent, allowing only high-frequency activity to pass. These findings demonstrate complex cholinergic regulation of afferent input to BLa that is pathway-specific and frequency-dependent.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Cholinergic modulation of the basolateral amygdala regulates formation of emotional memories, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we show, using mouse brain slices, that ACh differentially regulates afferent transmission to the BLa from cortex and midline thalamic nuclei. Fast, phasic ACh release from a single optical stimulation biphasically regulates glutamatergic transmission at cortical inputs through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, suggesting that cholinergic neuromodulation can serve precise, computational roles in the BLa. In contrast, sustained ACh elevation regulates cortical input through muscarinic receptors only. This muscarinic regulation is pathway-specific with cortical input inhibited more strongly than midline thalamic nuclei input. Specific targeting of these cholinergic receptors may thus provide a therapeutic strategy to bias amygdalar processing and regulate emotional memory.
Effect of a Plateau Environment on the Oxidation State of the Heart and Liver through AMPK/p38 MAPK/Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathways in Tibetan and DLY Pigs (2022)

This study evaluated the effect of a plateau environment on the heart and liver oxidation state of Tibetan pigs (TPs) and DLY pigs through analyzing AMPK, p38 MAPK, and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Twelve 120-day-old TPs and twelve 120-day-old DLY pigs were randomly divided into two groups in a plateau environment for three weeks. Exposed to a plateau environment, TPs exhibited a lower (p < 0.05) malondialdehyde level but higher (p < 0.05) glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities in the liver and heart than those observed in DLY pigs. TPs also showed higher (p < 0.05) mRNA levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the liver and heart compared with those of DLY pigs. The TPs showed higher (p < 0.05) mRNA and protein levels of AMPK and Nrf2 in the liver and heart compared with those of DLY pigs. Furthermore, TPs showed higher (p < 0.05) mRNA and protein levels of p38 MAPK in the heart and higher mRNA levels of p38 MAPK in the liver compared with those of DLY pigs under a plateau environment. In summary, TPs possess a stronger antioxidant capacity in the heart and liver than that of DLY pigs in a plateau environment through AMPK/p38 MAPK/Nrf2-ARE signaling pathways.
Virtual-channel flow control (1992)

Network throughput can be increased by dividing the buffer storage associated with each network channel into several virtual channels. Each physical channel is associated with several small queues, virtual channels, rather than a single deep queue. The virtual channels associated with one physical channel are allocated independently but compete with each other for physical bandwidth. Virtual channels decouple buffer resources from transmission resources. This decoupling allows active messages to pass blocked messages using network bandwidth that would otherwise be left idle. The paper studies the performance of networks using virtual channels using both analysis and simulation. These studies show that virtual channels increase network throughput, by a factor of four for 10-stage networks, and reduce the dependence of throughput on the depth of the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
??-hydroxy-??-methylbutyrate ingestion, Part II: effects on hematology, hepatic and renal function (2000)

These data indicate that 8 wk of HMB supplementation (< or = 76 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) during resistance training had no adverse affects on hepatic enzyme function, lipid profile, renal function, or the immune system.
Selected-area molecular beam epitaxy on ion-implanted GaAs substrates (1982)

We present a method of selective growth of GaAs which utilises ion implantation for defining conductive monocrystalline and high-resistivity nonmonocrystalline regions on a GaAs substrate. By molecular beam epitaxy, nonmonocrystalline GaAs is obtained on the implanted areas of the GaAs substrate. Selected area molecular beam epitaxy is performed directly on an unmasked substrate.
Alternating copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines (1971)

Abstract The copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines such as ethylenimine, propylenimine, and N ‐ethylethylenimine was studied in various organic solvents. The copolymerizations occurred easily without the addition of any catalyst and gave white powdery crystalline copolymers. The copolymers produced were insoluble in many organic solvents, but soluble in p ‐chlorophenol and dimethyl sulfoxide. The elementary analyses and the infrared spectra showed that alternating copolymers which have a thiourethane structure were produced. In the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with ethylenimine, both the polymer yield and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer increased with the use of a solvent having a higher dielectric constant, and also with an increase in the ratio of carbonyl sulfide to imine in the feed. The rate of copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines was in the order of ethylenimine &gt; propylenimine &gt; and N ‐ethylethylenimine. Irradiation of the copolymers improved their thermal properties and increased their melting point.
To robotize chemistry laboratories. An example of organic synthesis: 2‐Boc‐amino‐N‐hydroxy‐3‐phenyl‐propionamide (2002)

The paper describes the development of periodic modules used for the peptide synthesis of hydroxamic acid. A powder conveyor using the principle of positive weighing distribution is described. Purification is provided using automatic filtration and a liquid- liquid extraction module separation device. Device quality is improved using failure mode and effects analysis.
Overall Survival and Renal Function of Patients With Synchronous Bilateral Wilms Tumor Undergoing Surgery at a Single Institution (2015)

In patients with synchronous, BWT, bilateral NSS is safe and almost always feasible, thereby preserving maximal renal parenchyma. With this approach, survival was excellent, as was maintenance of the renal function.
Sensors and filters based on nano- and microchannel membranes for biomedical technologies (2012)

A new technology is presented in a concise form which enables the silicon membranes to be produced over a wide range of channel dimensions from a few nanometers to tens of micrometers. There is good reason to believe that this method based on rather simple technical processing is competitive with other technologies for fabricating nanofluidic analysis systems. Some of the completed developments involving microchannel membranes, namely, the optical DNA-sensor and the human cell separation system are demonstrated without going into details. The other applications of micro- and nanochannel membranes, namely, the electrical sensor and electrokinetic filters for detecting and separating liquids and biomolecules are shown with the first results and are in progress.
Acute Genotoxic Stress-Induced Senescence in Human Mesenchymal Cells Drives a Unique Composition of Senescence Messaging Secretome (SMS) (2017)

MSC mediate numerous therapeutic effects by promoting repair directly via differentiation into critical cell types or indirectly through the secretion of a broad spectrum of soluble factors with diverse paracrine activities. However, recent discoveries indicate that MSC are sensitive to endogenous and exogenous stressors and many diseaserelated interventions can result in Therapy-Induced Senescence (TIS) in MSC. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of changes in secretory factors that occur under conditions of bleomycin treatment that triggers genotoxic stressinduced senescence of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs). The bleomycin treatment considerably alters the composition of hADSCs secretome. Our data reveal the novel unique composition of Senescence Messaging Secretome (SMS) of hADSCs and suggest that this SMS might critically influence genotoxic drug-based or MSC combinational therapies by imposing interference with tissue homeostasis, metabolism and regeneration in autocrine and paracrine fashion. SMS can compromise MSC-mediated immunological responses and their regenerative potential. Our findings underscore the importance of careful evaluation of stress-induced senescence of adult stem cells in regenerative and combination therapies.
The Role Played by Contaminated Surfaces in the Transmission of Nosocomial Pathogens (2011)

Studies in the 1970s and 1980s suggested that environmental surface contamination played a negligible role in the endemic transmission of healthcare-associated infections. However, recent studies have demonstrated that several major nosocomial pathogens are shed by patients and contaminate hospital surfaces at concentrations sufficient for transmission, survive for extended periods, persist despite attempts to disinfect or remove them, and can be transferred to the hands of healthcare workers. Evidence is accumulating that contaminated surfaces make an important contribution to the epidemic and endemic transmission of Clostridium difficile, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and norovirus and that improved environmental decontamination contributes to the control of outbreaks. Efforts to improve environmental hygiene should include enhancing the efficacy of cleaning and disinfection and reducing the shedding of pathogens. Further high-quality studies are needed to clarify the role played by surfaces in nosocomial transmission and to determine the effectiveness of different interventions in reducing associated infection rates.
Minocycline inhibits the growth of glioma by inducing autophagy (2011)

Minocycline has been shown to alleviate several neurological disorders. Unexpectedly, we found that minocycline had opposite effects on glioma cells: minocycline induced nonapoptotic cell death in glioma cells. The glioma cell death was associated with the presence of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Minocycline induced autophagy was confirmed by acridine orange, monodansylcadaverine (MDC) stainings of vesicle formation and the conversion of microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3 (LC3-I) to LC3-II. Pretreatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) suppressed the induction of acidic vesicular organelles and the accumulation of LC3-II to the autophagosome membrane in glioma cells treated with minocycline. Despite the pretreatment of 3-MA, minocycline induced cell death which could result from the activation of caspase-3. Minocycline effectively inhibited tumor growth and induced autophagy in the xenograft tumor model of C6 glioma cells. These results suggest that minocycline may kill glioma cells by inducing autophagic cell death. When autophagy was inhibited, minocycline still induced cell death through the activation of caspase-3. Thus, minocycline is a promising agent in the treatment of malignant gliomas.
Fabrication of Monolithic Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells (2020)

The integration of multiple solar cells in series on a single wafer increases the output voltage and reduces the output current, thereby reducing I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> R power losses. With this concept we can power small appliances with a single wafer. We successfully fabricated monolithic cells with two silicon heterojunction cells of opposite polarity isolated by spacing them apart on a single wafer. When connected in series, 1.4 V open circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</sub> ) and over 1.1 V as voltage at maximum power point (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MP</sub> ) are obtained from a single wafer. Further optimization of this device with a few design modifications discussed can give much higher voltages with lower power losses making this design very suitable to power small appliances.
Towards the Nanosheet‐Based Photonic Nose: Vapor Recognition and Trace Water Sensing with Antimony Phosphate Thin Film Devices (2016)

A 2D nanosheet-based photonic nose for vapor identification is presented. A HSbP2 O8 nanosheet thin-film sensor with resistive readout is developed for the tracking of trace amounts of water, and a photonic HSbP2 O8 /TiO2 multilayer structure is effective at optically distinguishing between chemically similar solvent vapors through analyte-specific host-guest interactions.
Antibody-Mediated Neutralization of the Exotoxin Mycolactone, the Main Virulence Factor Produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans (2016)

The toxin neutralizing capacity of anti-mycolactone mAbs supports the concept of evaluating the macrolide toxin as vaccine target.
Using CAD/CAM in the design of a robotic micromanipulator (1990)

The use of CAD/CAM techniques for the design of a micromanipulator is described in this article. All design issues which address local and global objectives are analysed from the optimisation point of view. Computer simulations written in Fortran and APL, and three large-scale software application systems, CADAM, CATIA and CAEDS, are used to model, analyse and manufacture micromanipulator components. Both kinematic and dynamic model formulations are used to determine an improved, near optimal; design for the micromanipulator.
R for Data Science: Import, Tidy, Transform, Visualize, and Model Data (2016)

Learn how to use R to turn raw data into insight, knowledge, and understanding. This book introduces you to R, RStudio, and the tidyverse, a collection of R packages designed to work together to make data science fast, fluent, and fun. Suitable for readers with no previous programming experience, R for Data Science is designed to get you doing data science as quickly as possible. Authors Hadley Wickham and Garrett Grolemund guide you through the steps of importing, wrangling, exploring, and modeling your data and communicating the results. Youll get a complete, big-picture understanding of the data science cycle, along with basic tools you need to manage the details. Each section of the book is paired with exercises to help you practice what youve learned along the way. Youll learn how to: Wrangletransform your datasets into a form convenient for analysisProgramlearn powerful R tools for solving data problems with greater clarity and easeExploreexamine your data, generate hypotheses, and quickly test themModelprovide a low-dimensional summary that captures true signals in your datasetCommunicatelearn R Markdown for integrating prose, code, and results
Cardioteratogenic dose of ethanol in the chick embryo results in egg white concentrations comparable to human blood alcohol levels (1990)

Three-day-old chick embryos were exposed to a dose of ethyl alcohol (0.32 ml of 50% ethanol) that we previously demonstrated produces cardiac malformations in 96.6% of the animals. Ethanol was administered into the air sac at 72-80 h of incubation. Samples of egg white were drawn at 2, 6 and 24 h after treatment and analyzed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Ethanol concentrations were significantly higher at 6 and 24 h after exposure than at 2 h (P less than 0.01), but there were no differences in mean concentrations between 6 and 24 h (P greater than 0.2). Furthermore, concentrations (43-303 mg dl-1) were comparable to human blood alcohol levels during intoxication. These results suggest that the cardioteratogenic doses of ethanol administered to chick embryos in a previous study are not excessive in terms of potential human embryo exposure.