gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic assisted polyol-reduction of HAuCl4 for nanoparticle decoration of multiwall carbon nanotubes (2016)

The decoration of carbon nanotubes with metallic nanoparticles has been extensively studied for different systems. Despite the fact that several routes are available for the production of these heterostructures, their complexity and large amount of different reagents severely hinder their applicability. In this study, we propose an alternative route based on an ultrasonic assisted polyol reduction, which requires lower temperatures and amount of reagents when compared to traditional methodologies. Furthermore, the used solvent (ethylene glycol) is more environmentally friendly than other common reagents, resulting in a less aggressive process. Weobserved that the proposed route provides the possibility of straightforwardly tune the final nanoparticle size by controlling simple parameters such as exposure time and relative reagent concentrations. Moreover, the influence of the bath temperature has been studied, finding an upper limit of 50 °Cfor the proposed methodology.
Physical Linkage of the Human Growth Hormone Gene Cluster and the Skeletal Muscle Sodium Channel α-Subunit Gene (SCN4A) on Chromosome 17 (1995)

The human growth hormone (GH) locus, a cluster of five genes, spans 47 kb on chromosome 17q22-q24. The skeletal muscle sodium channel alpha-subunit locus (SCN4A), a 32.5-kb gene, has previously been mapped to 17q23.1-q25.3. We demonstrate that both the GH gene cluster and the SCN4A gene colocalize to a single 525-kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) containing DNA derived from human chromosome 17. Restriction maps of two cosmids encompassing the 5' terminus of the GH locus and including up to 40 kb of 5'-flanking sequences demonstrate a perfect 20-kb overlap with previously published maps of the SCN4A gene. A 720-bp DNA segment, encompassing sequences 32.3 to 31.6 kb 5' to GH, was sequenced and found to be identical to exon 14 of SCN4A. These data demonstrate that the SCN4A gene and the entire GH gene cluster are contained within 100 kb on chromosome 17 and are separated by only 21.5 kb. Remarkably, this physical linkage between GH and SCN4A also reveals that multiple elements critical to tissue-specific transcriptional activation of the GH gene lie within the SCN4A gene.
Beyond “living fossils”: Can comparative genomics finally reveal novelty? (2021)

Cephalopods have recently moved into the research focus due to the growing number of sequenced genomes, molecular tools, and laboratory culture (Albertin & Simakov, 2020)⁠. Genome data now allows us to ask how the many known novelties of cephalopod morphology are reflected in their genomes and gene regulation. A crucial gap in this understanding has been the limited information for the Nautilus, the last survivor of a cephalopod lineage that diverged from the highly derived coleoid clade (octopus, squid, cuttlefish) around 400 million years ago. The publication of Nautilus genomes (in this issue of Molecular Ecology [Huang et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2021])⁠ will help us understand which genetic changes happened when, and ultimately how they contributed to cephalopod evolution.
Enabling an atom-economic production of chiral amino alcohols by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (2019)

Along with catalytic hydrogenation, producing pure chiral amino alcohols with a perfect atom economy is achieved by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes.
X-ray structural analysis of two isomeric modifications of 1,3-diphenyl-2-(phenylazo)propene (1971)

The structures of two isomers of 1,3-diphenyl-2-(phenylazo)propene have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The trans-isomer (I) has Z= 4, a= 27·50, b= 5·62, c= 11·16 Å, β= 90° 30′, space group P21/a. The cis-isomer (II) has Z= 2, a= 12·33, b= 8·03, c= 8·45 Å, β= 92° 6′, space group P21. The structures were refined to R 0·122 [(I), 2036 reflections] and 0·113 [(II), 1732 reflections]. Slight difference in molecular conformation and crystal packing are discussed.
Ductile-Regime Machining for Fast Tool Servo Diamond Turning of Micro-Structured Surfaces on Brittle Materials (2012)

Micro-structured surfaces on brittle materials, e.g. ceramic and glass, are gaining increasing application in a range of areas. In this paper, fast tool servo (FTS) diamond turning has been applied to machine micro-structured surfaces on brittle materials and the machined surfaces has been observed to study its machining mechanism. A machining model is presented to enable ductile-regime machining of the brittle material. Based on the model, machining characteristics can be predicted for given cutting conditions. Experimental investigation on machining of a micro-structured surface verified that ductile-regime machining can be ensured on the entire surface through path planning simulation based on the machining model.
Automatic Modulation Classification Based on Deep Residual Networks With Multimodal Information (2020)

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is becoming increasingly important for its fundamental role in dynamic spectrum access, which can support 5G wireless communications to refarm the spectrum resource with low utilization. In order to achieve a better classification performance, several AMC methods based on prototype and variant of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proposed. However, most existing AMC methods based on CNNs only use monomodal information from either time domain or frequency domain. The complementary processing gain, which can be obatianed by fusing multimodal information from multiple transformation domain together, is neglected. To address the issue, we exploit a waveform-spectrum multimodal fusion (WSMF) method to realize AMC based on deep residual networks (Resnet). After extracting features from multimodal information using Resnet, we adopt a feature fusion strategy to merge multimodal features of signals to obtain more discriminating features. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed WSMF method compared with traditional CNNs based AMC method using single modality information. Our proposed method can distinguish among sixteen modulation signals, and it works well even for higher-order digital modulation types like 256QAM and 1024QAM.
Quantitative comparison of scattering coefficient with ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (2011)

Realization of ultrahigh resolution and deeper imaging is one of key problems in OCT. We have quantitatively confirmed the improvement of imaging depth in 1700 nm ultrahigh resolution OCT compared with the other wavelength regions.
Leaf protein concentrate prepared by spray-drying (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLeaf protein concentrate prepared by spray-dryingGrant Henry. Hartman, Walter R. Akeson, and Mark A. StahmannCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1967, 15, 1, 74–79Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60149a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60149a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Test and Repair Flow for Shared BISR in Asynchronous Multi-processors (2014)

We present a hierarchical test and repair flow for shared BISR (Built-In Self-Repair) in asynchronous multi-processors. The flow partitions the memories local to a processor in groups and treats the groups as a whole when doing the repair. The flow runs automatically with few interventions except at the beginning stage. It can be used effectively for practical industrial test and repair. Its test time is as good as equivalent to that of parallel BISR, while its test power is substantially lower, about 40% that of parallel repair. It also has a superior repair rate, about 11-12% better compared to sequential and parallel BISR.
Glycerophosphocholine Utilization by Candida albicans (2013)

Candida albicans contains four ORFs (GIT1,2,3,4) predicted to encode proteins involved in the transport of glycerophosphodiester metabolites. Previously, we reported that Git1, encoded by ORF 19.34, is responsible for the transport of intact glycerophosphoinositol but not glycerophosphocholine (GroPCho). Here, we report that a strain lacking both GIT3 (ORF 19.1979) and GIT4 (ORF 19.1980) is unable to transport [(3)H]GroPCho into the cell. In the absence of a GroPCho transporter, C. albicans can utilize GroPCho via a mechanism involving extracellular hydrolysis. Upon reintegration of either GIT3 or GIT4 into the genome, measurable uptake of [(3)H]GroPCho is observed. Transport assays and kinetic analyses indicate that Git3 has the greater transport velocity. We present evidence that GDE1 (ORF 19.3936) codes for an enzyme with glycerophosphodiesterase activity against GroPCho. Homozygous deletion of GDE1 results in a buildup of internal GroPCho that is restored to wild type levels by reintegration of GDE1 into the genome. The transcriptional regulator, Pho4, is shown to regulate the expression of GIT3, GIT4, and GDE1. Finally, Git3 is shown to be required for full virulence in a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis, and Git3 sequence orthologs are present in other pathogenic Candida species. In summary, we have characterized multiple aspects of GroPCho utilization by C. albicans and have demonstrated that GroPCho transport plays a key role in the growth of the organism in the host.
Evaluation of ATN PD framework and biofluid markers to predict cognitive decline in early Parkinson’s disease (2023)

Abstract Background and Objectives In Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) co-pathology is common and clinically relevant. However, the longitudinal progression of AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers – β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ 42 ), phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau 181 ) and total tau (t-tau) – in PD is poorly understood, and may be distinct from clinical AD. Moreover, it is unclear if CSF p-tau 181 and serum neurofilament light (NfL) have added prognostic utility in PD, when combined with CSF Aβ 42 . First, we describe longitudinal trajectories of biofluid markers in PD. Second, we modified the AD β-amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (ATN) framework for application in PD (ATN PD ) using CSF Aβ 42 (A), p-tau 181 (T), and serum NfL (N), and tested ATN PD prediction of longitudinal cognitive decline in PD. Methods Participants were selected from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort, clinically-diagnosed with sporadic PD or as normal Controls, and followed annually for 5 years. Linear mixed effects models (LMEM) tested the interaction of diagnosis with longitudinal trajectories of analytes (log-transformed, FDR-corrected). In PD, LMEMs tested how baseline ATN PD status (AD [A+T+N±] vs . not) predicted clinical outcomes, including Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; rank-transformed, FDR-corrected). Results Participants were 364 PD and 168 Controls, with comparable baseline mean (±SD) age (PD=62±10; Control=61±11]; Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon: p =0.40) and gender distribution (PD=231 males [63%]; Control=107 males [64%]; chi-square: p =1.0). PD had overall lower CSF p-tau 181 (β=-0.16, 95%CI=-0.23 – -0.092, p =2.2e-05) and t-tau than Controls (β=-0.13, 95%CI=-0.19 – -0.065, p =4.0e-04), but not Aβ 42 ( p =0.061) or NfL ( p =0.32). Over time, PD had greater increases in serum NfL than Controls (β=0.035, 95%CI=0.022 – 0.048, p =9.8e-07); PD slopes did not differ from controls for CSF Aβ 42 ( p =0.18), p-tau 181 ( p =1.0) or t-tau ( p =0.96). Using ATN PD , PD classified as A+T+N± (n=32; 9%) had consistently worse cognitive decline, including on global MoCA (β=-73, 95%CI=-110 – -37, p =0.00077), than all other ATN PD statuses including A+ alone (A+T-N-; n=75; 21%). Discussion In early PD, CSF p-tau 181 and t-tau were low compared to Controls and did not increase over 5 year follow-up. Even so, classification using modified ATN PD (incorporating CSF p-tau 181 with CSF Aβ 42 and serum NfL) may identify biologically-relevant subgroups of PD to improve prediction of cognitive decline in early PD.
Renal arterial stenoses: spiral CT angiography. (1993)

Spiral CT angiography is a promising screening method for renal artery stenosis.
Early amplified respiratory bioactive lipid response is associated with worse outcomes in pediatric influenza-related respiratory failure (2020)

Children with influenza-related complications have early bioactive lipid responses that may reflect lung disease severity. Respiratory bioactive lipids are candidate prognostic biomarkers to identify children with the most severe clinical outcomes.
Regioselective Acylation of Octyl β-d-Glucopyranoside by Chiral 4-Pyrrolidinopyridine Analogues (2008)

Chiral 4-pyrrolidinopyridine (PPY) analogues with dual functional side chains consisting of indole units have been prepared from trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline. Treatment of octyl β-d-glucopyranoside with isobutyric anhydride in the presence of the catalysts gave the 6-O-acylate as the major product via acylation of a primary hydroxyl group. On the other hand, the 4-O-acylate was obtained as the major product in 66% regioselectivity via acylation of the secondary hydroxyl group at C-4 on treatment of octyl β-d-glucopyranoside with isobutyric anhydride in the presence of a PPY catalyst. Use of isobutyryl chloride instead of isobutyric anhydride in the presence of the catalyst gave the 6-O-acylate in 87% regioselectivity.
Hexagonal Sodium Yttrium Fluoride Based Green and Blue Emitting Upconversion Phosphors (2004)

Hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride, NaYF4, is the most efficient host material to date for green (Yb3+/Er3+ doped) and blue (Yb3+/Tm3+ doped) upconversion (UC) phosphors, i.e., phosphors which emit visible light upon infrared (IR) excitation. The structure of the hexagonal phase gives rise to controversy about the cation sites and distribution. The X-ray diffraction patterns of our phosphors do not fit well with the crystal structure reported for NaNdF4 (space group P6̄, Z = 1.5). The Na:M ratio (M = Y, Nd, Er, Tm, Yb) of the hexagonal phase deviates significantly from 1:1, and it depends on M and the preparation temperature. It is proposed that the hexagonal phase is isostructural to the chlorides Na3xM2-xCl6 with M = La−Sm. This structure (space group P63/m, Z = 1) contains only one M3+ site which is partially occupied by Na+, and the formula Na3xM2-xF6 (x ≈ 0.45) accounts for the nonstoichiometry. The model was derived from powder X-ray diffraction on the green and blue phosphor materials as well as the pure Nd, Y, and Yb compounds. The light emission properties of the material crucially depend on the phase purity, doping ratio, Na:M ratio, and preparation temperature. Because earlier spectroscopic investigations generally suffered from impure materials which reduced the UC efficiency, a new, reproducible preparation route was developed. Its key features are an excess of NaF in the synthesis, i.e., a 2:1 ratio of Na:M, the use of HF gas for fluorination, and a process temperature lower than the melting point of the respective NaF/MF3 eutecticum. It yields the pure hexagonal phase without admixture of the cubic phase or other impurities except for minor inclusions of NaF. Upon IR excitation at 10 245 cm-1, the samples doped with 18% Yb + 2% Er and 25% Yb + 0.3% Tm showed the highest UC efficiencies for green and blue emission, respectively. Relative UC efficiencies were measured with a powder test setup in a standard procedure. The doping ratios and all steps of the synthesis were optimized with respect to the UC efficiency. The obtained phosphor materials show no degradation under high-power IR laser excitation.
Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 Mediates Neuronal Expression of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products following Hypoxia/Ischemia (2007)

Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) by its multiple ligands can trigger diverse signaling pathways with injurious or pro-survival consequences. In this study, we show that Rage mRNA and protein levels were stimulated in the mouse brain after experimental stroke and systemic hypoxia. In both cases, RAGE expression was primarily associated with neurons. Activation of RAGE-dependent pathway(s) post-ischemia appears to have a neuroprotective role because mice genetically deficient for RAGE exhibited increased infarct size 24 h after injury. Up-regulation of RAGE expression was also observed in primary neurons subjected to hypoxia or oxygen-glucose deprivation, an in vitro model of ischemia. Treatment of neurons with low concentrations of S100B decreased neuronal death after oxygen-glucose deprivation, and this effect was abolished by a neutralizing antibody against RAGE. Conversely, high concentrations of exogenous S100B had a cytotoxic effect that seems to be RAGE-independent. As an important novel finding, we demonstrate that hypoxic stimulation of RAGE expression is mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1. This conclusion is supported by the finding that HIF-1alpha down-regulation by Cre-mediated excision drastically decreased RAGE induction by hypoxia or desferrioxamine. In addition, we showed that the mouse RAGE promoter region contains at least one functional HIF-1 binding site, located upstream of the proposed transcription start site. A luciferase reporter construct containing this RAGE promoter fragment was activated by hypoxia, and mutation at the potential HIF-1 binding site decreased hypoxia-dependent promoter activation. Specific binding of HIF-1 to this putative HRE in hypoxic cells was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay.
The Role of Complement in Neurodevelopmental Impairment following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (2009)

Evidence has accumulated implicating complement activation in the pathogenesis of acute post-hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury in infants who develop hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). However, the relationship between complement activation and subsequent neurological impairment is not known. We tested the hypothesis that in human neonates, post-hypoxic-ischemic complement activation within the central nervous system is positively associated with the acquisition of subsequent neurodevelopmental abnormalities. This prospective study included 18 full-term infants diagnosed with HIE following resuscitation at birth and seven control infants. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained from all infants in the first 24 hours of life as part of routine investigations to exclude sepsis and meningitis. Concentrations of terminal complement complexes (TCC), complement component 9 (C9), and albumin were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all CSF samples. Neurological examination and Denver Developmental Screening Test II were performed at 6 and 12 months of life. Of the 18 HIE subjects, nine died, six survived with significant neurological impairment, and three had normal neurological outcomes. In the CSF of the 15 HIE infants who died or survived with abnormal outcomes, the mean concentration of TCC was increased compared with controls (p = 0.026) and the mean C9 concentration appeared to be decreased but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.056). Similar to the TCC concentration, the concentration of albumin in the CSF was significantly increased in infants with abnormal outcomes (p = 0.005). This study indicates that complement activation following resuscitation at birth, as manifested by increased TCC in the CNS, is positively correlated with the combination of the development of subsequent neurological sequelae and death. Further study incorporating larger sample sizes will be required to confirm this association. This step is essential before clinical trials of complement inhibitors can be justified in human neonates who suffer birth asphyxia.
Comparison of Wound Healing Effect of Different Forms of Chitosan. (2004)

This study is to compare the effect of wound healing using three different types of chitin, which include the shapes of sponge, velvet, thick non-woven fabrics, and thin non-woven fabrics. The sponge type had more capacity to absorb the first discharge of a wound than the velvet type and the two non-woven fabrics types. Instead of absorbing the discharge effectively, the velvet type showed a difficulty to take off the dressing stuff from a wound since it was solidly stuck to the wound. The sponge type showed less infiltration of inflammatory cells, producing angiogenesis and fibroblast faster than any other types. Next, the thick non-woven fabrics type was a little more effective than the thin non-woven fabrics type: However, there was no difference between two types. The velvet type sustained the infiltration of inflammatory cells for the longest duration, producing slower angiogenesis and fibroblast. In wound contraction and wound healing, the sponge type was most effective with statistical significance than any other types(p0.05). In conclusion, the sponge type showed the best effectiveness to absorb the early discharge, facilitating the progress of inflammatory phase to increase the healing rate. It induced an early healing of wound caused by wound contraction rather than by wound epithelization.
Chronic T‐cell leukaemias. A variant of T‐prolymphocytic leukaemias: morphological, immunological and clinical characterization of 2 cases (1987)

In this study we describe 2 patients who appear to suffer from a morphological, cytochemical and clinico-haematological variant of T-prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL). The cells were smaller than typical prolymphocytes, with a regular nucleus containing a smaller and less prominent nucleolus; the alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and acid phosphatase (AP) cytochemical reactions showed a weaker pattern of positivity in this variant compared to T-PLL. No immunological differences were found between the two conditions with regard to membrane expression and functional behavior of the cells. The clinical course and the outcome of the patients appears to be different: aggressive and rapidly fatal in T-PLL; thus far well-controlled in the T-PLL variant. From a molecular point of view, both cases showed a monoclonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene.