gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Androgen receptor transactivation domain and control of spermatogenesis (1998)

Male sex steroids (androgens) are important for maintaining sperm production and growth of the accessory sex organ, the prostate gland. This article examines the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in the control of spermatogenesis and focusses on the N-terminal transactivation domain of the receptor, a poorly studied region that is essential for receptor function. This domain is of great interest because of its causative relationship to a fatal neuromuscular disease, spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's syndrome). Genetic screening of the transactivation domain of the AR gene of 153 patients presenting solely with defective spermatogenesis and male infertility, and of over 72 healthy fertile controls was performed. Up to 20% of infertile males have reduced androgenicity caused by an increase in length of a polymorphic trinucleotide (CAG) repeat segment, encoding a polyglutamine tract, of the androgen receptor. The increased risk of male infertility associated with long CAG lengths is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer. Conversely, short polyglutamine tracts are associated with increased risk of prostate cancer but a reduced risk of male infertility. Thus depressed spermatogenesis and prostate cancer represent opposite ends of the spectrum of androgen receptor transactivation function. Improved understanding of androgen receptor action in these two important public health concerns could lead to rational and effective prevention and therapy.
Le vieux-perse (2012)

Description linguistique et grammaticale de la langue vieux-perse, completee par une selection de textes en edition et traduction.
Translational control of antibiotic resistance (2019)

Many antibiotics available in the clinic today directly inhibit bacterial translation. Despite the past success of such drugs, their efficacy is diminishing with the spread of antibiotic resistance. Through the use of ribosomal modifications, ribosomal protection proteins, translation elongation factors and mistranslation, many pathogens are able to establish resistance to common therapeutics. However, current efforts in drug discovery are focused on overcoming these obstacles through the modification or discovery of new treatment options. Here, we provide an overview for common mechanisms of resistance to translation-targeting drugs and summarize several important breakthroughs in recent drug development.
Long-Term Treatment Effect and Predictability of Spinopelvic Alignment After Surgical Correction of Adult Spine Deformity With Patient-Specific Spine Rods (2019)

4.
Dual polarisation optical hybrid using silica-based planar lightwave circuit technology for digital coherent receiver (2010)

Described is a compact dual polarisation optical hybrid (DPOH) that has been achieved by integrating polarisation beam splitters and 90°-hybrids fabricated with silica-based planar lightwave circuit technology. The fabricated DPOH worked completely passively without any adjustments and its optical characteristics were sufficient for the coherent detection of 111 Gbit/s DPQPSK signals.
Insights Into the Extraction of Am(III) by Aliquat-336 Based Ionic Liquids (2014)

The extraction behavior of Am(III) in a solution of tetra-(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamide (TEHDGA) in n−dodecane (n−DD) or toluene was studied as a function of nitric acid concentration. The distribution ratio of Am(III) in 0.1 M TEHDGA/molecular diluent increased with increase in the concentration of nitric acid. Since the Aliquat-336 based ionic liquid namely, tri-n-octylmethylammonium di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([A336]+[DEHP]−) was miscible in molecular diluents such as n-DD and toluene, the extraction behavior of Am(III) in TEHDGA/molecular diluent was investigated in the presence of small concentrations of ionic liquid to understand the role of ionic liquid in extraction. The distribution ratio of Am(III) in 0.2 M [A336]+[DEHP]−/molecular diluent was negligible. Significant increase in distribution ratio of Am(III) was observed when [A336]+[DEHP]− was added to 0.1 M TEHDGA/molecular diluent. Since [A336]+[DEHP]− was converted into its components, namely tri-n-octylmethylammonium nitrate ([A336]+[NO3]−) and di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) when contacted with nitric acid, the extraction behavior of Am(III) in 0.1 M TEHDGA/molecular diluents was also studied in the presence of [A336]+[NO3]− and HDEHP to elucidate the mechanism of extraction. The study confirmed that the extraction of Am(III) in ionic liquid medium was controlled by constituents of ionic liquid and the distribution ratio of Am(III) obtained in organic phase was due to the resultant of contributions of ionic liquid constituents.
Terahertz Frequency Domain Spectroscopy Identification System Based on Decision Trees (2012)

The application of pattern recognition methodology within chemistry, biology and other science domains, especially in security systems is becoming more and more important. Many classication algorithms are available in literature but decision trees are the most commonly exploited because of their ease of implementation and understanding in comparison to other classication algorithms. Decision trees are powerful and popular tools for classication and prediction. In contrast to neural networks, decision trees represent rules, which can readily be expressed so that humans can understand them or even directly use in a database. In this paper we present an algorithm of construction of decision trees and a classication rule extraction based on a logical relationship between attributes and a generalized decision function. Moreover, correctness and eciency of the algorithm was experimentally validated in a terahertz system, where spectra of explosives were measured in reection conguration.
Experimental assessment of media synchronization quality in IEEE 802.11 b under Bluetooth interference (2004)

This paper assesses the media synchronization quality of audio-video transmission over the IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN under Bluetooth interference by experiment. In this situation, the temporal constraints of audio and video may be disturbed, since the Bluetooth interference cause delay jitter due to retransmission and carrier sensing in the MAC layer of IEEE 802.11b. In the experiment, a media server transfers stored video and audio streams to a mobile terminal over an IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN; as radio interference from Bluetooth, two other terminals transmit data over Bluetooth at the same time. We examine the influence of Bluetooth on the audio-video transmission over IEEE 802.11b in terms of the Bluetooth signal level and its data load. We also apply a media synchronization control scheme and confirm its effectiveness.
A nanoparticulate pre-chemosensitizer for efficacious chemotherapy of multidrug resistant breast cancer (2016)

Small-molecule chemosensitizers can reverse cancer multidrug resistance (MDR), thus significantly improving the in vitro effect of chemotherapy drugs for MDR cancer cells, however, their in vivo effects are not always very good, because they are difficult to effectively accumulate in tumor and enter the same cancer with chemotherapy drugs after systemic administration due to individual biopharmaceutical properties. To overcome these limitations, here we study a novel nanoparticular pre-chemosensitizer which can be also used as nanocarrier of chemotherapy drugs. We take an 'all in one' approach to develop a self-assembled nanoparticle formula of amphiphilic poly(curcumin-dithiodipropionic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-biotin. The nanoparticle is capable of tumor-targeted delivery, responsive degradation at the intracellular level of glutathione and subsequent intracellular co-release of the chemosensitizer curcumin and the encapsulated chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin to maximize a synergistic effect of chemosensitization and chemotherapy. We demonstrate that the antitumor efficacy of nanoparticle is much superior to that of doxorubicin in the multidrug resistant MCF-7/ADR xenografted nude mice.
Structural and Biochemical Characterization of DHC2, a Novel Diheme CytochromecfromGeobacter sulfurreducens, (2005)

Multiheme cytochromes c constitute a widespread class of proteins with essential functions in electron transfer and enzymatic catalysis. Their functional properties are in part determined by the relative arrangement of multiple heme cofactors, which in many cases have been found to pack in conserved interaction motifs. Understanding the significance of these motifs is crucial for the elucidation of the highly optimized properties of multiheme cytochromes c, but their spectroscopic investigation is often hindered by the large number and efficient coupling of the individual centers and the limited availability of recombinant protein material. We have identified a diheme cytochrome c, DHC2, from the metal-reducing soil bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens and determined its crystal structure by the method of multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD). The two heme groups of DHC2 pack into one of the typical heme interaction motifs observed in larger multiheme cytochromes, but because of the absence of further, interfering cofactors, the properties of this heme packing motif can be conveniently studied in detail. Spectroscopic properties (UV-vis and EPR) of the protein are typical for cytochromes containing low-spin Fe(III) centers with bis-histidinyl coordination. Midpoint potentials for the two heme groups have been determined to be -135 and -289 mV by potentiometric redox titrations. DHC2 has been produced by recombinant expression in Escherichia coli using the accessory plasmid pEC86 and is therefore accessible for systematic mutational studies in further investigating the properties of heme packing interactions in cytochromes c.
An analytical image reconstruction algorithm to compensate for scattering angle broadening in Compton cameras (2003)

Compton cameras have been developed for use in gamma-ray astronomy and nuclear medicine. Their defining merit is that they do not need collimators; however, on the demerit side, they need inversion procedures for image reconstruction, since a measured datum is proportional to the integration of incident gamma rays along a cone surface with the same Compton scattering angle. First, an iteration method was adopted for this task. Later, analytical methods were found under restricted conditions. Parra (2000 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 47 1543-50) deduced a purely analytical reconstruction algorithm for a complete set of scattering-projection data that include data at all the scattering angles. Tomitani and Hirasawa (2002 Phys. Med. Biol. 47 2129-45) found that by making a slight modification, Parra's algorithm could be extended to the scattering-projection data in limited scattering angles. However, their algorithm neglected the effects of practical problems that cause the degradation of spatial resolution. Sources of degradation were identified as noise in the energy signal of their front detector and the Doppler effect in the scattering process. In this paper, we first analyse the effects of these sources on the angular resolution of the scattering-projection data and then present a revised reconstruction algorithm in which these two factors are incorporated. Simulation studies on digital phantoms reveal that the algorithm can reconstruct images even when these two factors are included.
Multilevel Routing Protocol for Energy Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks (2015)

The main purpose of the Wireless Sensor Network protocols is to enhance the network life time and balance the energy consumption in network. Sensor nodes send their data to the BS. So the nodes which are far away from the BS need more energy to send data. To overcome this problem we introduce a multilevel hierarchical protocol which enhances network lifetime and balance energy consumption. Initially, we introduce up to 5 levels in which whole network is divided into different levels based on the distance of node from the BS. We evaluate our protocol performance with LEACH and with 2, 3, 4, and 5 level schemes. We observe that our proposed technique outperforms LEACH protocol in life-time of the network, energy consumption, throughput and delay of the packets. Simulation results prove increase network Life time and high throughput with minimum delay.
A dopant introduction device for atmospheric pressure photoionization with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (2008)

This technical note describes in detail the fabrication, operation and characterization of a pneumatically driven dopant introduction device, with a solvent reservoir capacity of 300 mL. Dopant flow rates and stability for this device are governed by the simple regulation of gas pressure rather than the progression of a stepper motor and syringe diameter, as is the case for typical infusion pumps. The device has the potential to provide days or even weeks of continuous, uninterrupted dopant flow at rates commonly adopted for atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) experiments without the need to replenish the dopant supply. Although not a refined instrumental design, this device was developed as an alternative cost-effective means of introducing stable dopant flow to an APPI source. The device was designed such that all components would be commercially available and easily procurable from common scientific part vendors. Figures and suggested part numbers are provided to allow those interested to fabricate similar devices to suit their individual experimental needs. Device characterization was performed while monitoring such factors as flow rate calibration, overall flow stability and reproducibility. In addition, a standard mixture of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was employed as a model sample for a typical reversed-phase liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry (LC/APPI-MS) application in order to demonstrate device performance.
Decay Rates ofK*(1420)and the2+Nonet (1967)

Received 13 September 1967DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.19.968©1967 American Physical Society
Co-receptor Requirements for Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 Signaling (2007)

FGF19 is a unique member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of secreted proteins that regulates bile acid homeostasis and metabolic state in an endocrine fashion. Here we investigate the cell surface receptors required for signaling by FGF19. We show that betaKlotho, a single-pass transmembrane protein highly expressed in liver and fat, induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in response to FGF19 treatment and significantly increased the interactions between FGF19 and FGFR4. Interestingly, our results show that alphaKlotho, another Klotho family protein related to betaKlotho, also induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in response to FGF19 treatment and increased FGF19-FGFR4 interactions in vitro, similar to the effects of betaKlotho. In addition, heparin further enhanced the effects of both alphaKlotho and betaKlotho in FGF19 signaling and interaction experiments. These results suggest that a functional FGF19 receptor may consist of FGF receptor (FGFR) and heparan sulfate complexed with either alphaKlotho or betaKlotho.
BRIDGE PROTON-TERMINAL PROTON COUPLING IN DIBORANE (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBRIDGE PROTON-TERMINAL PROTON COUPLING IN DIBORANEDonald F. Gaines, Riley Schaeffer, and Fred TebbeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 9, 1937–1938Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100803a516https://doi.org/10.1021/j100803a516research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Vanadate from Air Pollutant Inhibits Hrs-Dependent Endosome Fusion and Augments Responsiveness to Toll-Like Receptors (2014)

There is a well-established association between exposure to air pollutants and pulmonary injuries. For example, metals found in ROFA (residual oil fly ash) increase susceptibility of mice as well as humans to microbial infections. In our research, we have found that vanadate substantially increased the response of several Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to stimulation with their ligands. Although vanadate caused generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the addition of ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) had no effect on augmented lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. We further showed that vanadate inhibits endosome fusion. This effect was determined by measuring the size of endosomes, NF-κB activity and TLR4 degradation in Hrs (hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate) overexpressed cells. Moreover, we identified the role of Hrs phosphorylation in these processes. Based on our findings, we can conclude that vanadate potentiates TLR4 activity by increasing Hrs phosphorylation status, reducing the size of Hrs/TLR4-positive endosomes and impacting TLR4 degradation, thus contributing to the detrimental effects of air pollutants on human health.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Strong anion exchange-mediated phosphoproteomics reveals extensive human non-canonical phosphorylation. (2019)

Phosphorylation is a key regulator of protein function under (patho)physiological conditions, and defining site-specific phosphorylation is essential to understand basic and disease biology. In vertebrates, the investigative focus has primarily been on serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation, but mounting evidence suggests that phosphorylation of other "non-canonical" amino acids also regulates critical aspects of cell biology. However, standard methods of phosphoprotein characterisation are largely unsuitable for the analysis of non-canonical phosphorylation due to their relative instability under acidic conditions and/or elevated temperature. Consequently, the complete landscape of phosphorylation remains unexplored. Here, we report an unbiased phosphopeptide enrichment strategy based on strong anion exchange (SAX) chromatography (UPAX), which permits identification of histidine (His), arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu) and cysteine (Cys) phosphorylation sites on human proteins by mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics. Remarkably, under basal conditions, and having accounted for false site localisation probabilities, the number of unique non-canonical phosphosites is approximately one-third of the number of observed canonical phosphosites. Our resource reveals the previously unappreciated diversity of protein phosphorylation in human cells, and opens up avenues for high-throughput exploration of non-canonical phosphorylation in all organisms.© 2019 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license. PMID: 31433507 Funding information This work was supported by: North West Cancer Research Fund (NWCR), Grant ID: CR1088 North West Cancer Research Fund (NWCR), Grant ID: CR1037 North West Cancer Research Fund (NWCR), Grant ID: CR1157 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/L005239/1 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/M025705/1 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/M023818/1 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/R02216X/1 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/M012557/1 UK Research and Innovation|Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant ID: BB/H007113/1 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
p180 Promotes the Ribosome-Independent Localization of a Subset of mRNA to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2012)

In metazoans, the majority of mRNAs coding for secreted and membrane-bound proteins are translated on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although the targeting of these transcripts to the surface of the ER can be mediated by the translation of a signal sequence and their maintenance is mediated by interactions between the ribosome and the translocon, it is becoming increasingly clear that additional ER-localization pathways exist. Here we demonstrate that many of these mRNAs can be targeted to, and remain associated with, the ER independently of ribosomes and translation. Using a mass spectrometry analysis of proteins that associate with ER-bound polysomes, we identified putative mRNA receptors that may mediate this alternative mechanism, including p180, an abundant, positively charged membrane-bound protein. We demonstrate that p180 over-expression can enhance the association of generic mRNAs with the ER. We then show that p180 contains a lysine-rich region that can directly interact with RNA in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate that p180 is required for the efficient ER-anchoring of bulk poly(A) and of certain transcripts, such as placental alkaline phosphatase and calreticulin, to the ER. In summary, we provide, to our knowledge, the first mechanistic details for an alternative pathway to target and maintain mRNA at the ER. It is likely that this alternative pathway not only enhances the fidelity of protein sorting, but also localizes mRNAs to various subdomains of the ER and thus contributes to cellular organization.
[Clinical experience of topical treatments for liver metastases from esophageal carcinoma]. (2013)

Recurrent esophagus cancer has an extremely poor prognosis in spite of systemic chemotherapy. Herein, we report cases of long survival after recurrence owing to topical treatment. The first patient was a 75-year-old man. He was diagnosed with clinical stage IIA esophagus cancer and underwent subtotal esophagectomy. The pathological stage was IIIB. Liver metastases appeared in S8 and S5, 8 months after surgery. Systemic chemotherapy and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization were performed. He had kept CR but died due to brain metastasis 1 year and 4 months after the recurrence. The second patient was a 68-year-old man. He underwent esophagectomy for clinical stage IIIB esophagus cancer. The pathological stage was also IIIB. Five metastases were seen in the bilateral lobes of the liver 8 months after surgery. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and stereotactic irradiation were performed and he has been in complete remission for a year. Topical treatment may represent an important strategy for treating liver metastasis from esophagus cancer.