gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adipocyte‐derived basement membrane extract with biological activity: applications in hepatocyte functional augmentation in vitro (2010)

Natural and synthetic biomaterials utilized in tissue engineering applications require a dynamic interplay of complex macromolecular compositions of hydrated extracellular matrices (ECMs) and soluble growth factors. The challenges in utilizing synthetic ECMs is the effective control of temporal and spatial complexity of multiple signal presentation, as compared to natural ECMs that possess the inherent properties of biological recognition, including presentation of receptor-binding ligands, susceptibility to cell-triggered proteolytic degradation, and remodeling. We have developed a murine preadipocyte differentiation system for generating a natural basement membrane extract (Adipogel) comprising ECM proteins (collagen IV, laminin, hyaluronan, and fibronectin) and including relevant growth factors (hepatocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor). We have shown the effective utilization of the growth factor-enriched extracellular matrix for enhanced albumin synthesis rate of primary hepatocyte cultures for a period of 10 d as compared to collagen sandwich cultures and comparable or higher function as compared to Matrigel cultures. We have also demonstrated comparable cytochrome P450 1A1 activity for the collagen-Adipogel condition to the collagen double-gel and Matrigel culture conditions. A metabolic analysis revealed that utilization of Adipogel in primary hepatocyte cultures increased serine, glycine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, taurine, cysteine, and glucose uptake rates to enhance hepatocyte protein synthesis as compared to collagen double-gel cultures. The demonstrated synthesis, isolation, characterization, and application of Adipogel provide immense potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Analytical Engines With Context-Rich Processing: Towards Efficient Next-Generation Analytics (2022)

As modern data pipelines continue to collect, produce, and store a variety of data formats, extracting and combining value from traditional and context-rich sources such as strings, text, video, audio, and logs becomes a manual process where such formats are unsuitable for RDBMS. To tap into the dark data, domain experts analyze and extract insights and integrate them into the data repositories. This process can involve out-of-DBMS, ad-hoc analysis, and processing resulting in ETL, engineering effort, and suboptimal performance. While AI systems based on ML models can automate the analysis process, they often further generate context-rich answers. Using multiple sources of truth, for either training the models or in the form of knowledge bases, further exacerbates the problem of consolidating the data of interest. We envision an analytical engine co-optimized with components that enable context-rich analysis. Firstly, as the data from different sources or resulting from model answering cannot be cleaned ahead of time, we propose using online data integration via model-assisted similarity operations. Secondly, we aim for a holistic pipeline cost- and rule-based optimization across relational and model-based operators. Thirdly, with increasingly heterogeneous hardware and equally heterogeneous workloads ranging from traditional relational analytics to generative model inference, we envision a system that just-in-time adapts to the complex analytical query requirements. To solve increasingly complex analytical problems, ML offers attractive solutions that must be combined with traditional analytical processing and benefit from decades of database community research to achieve scalability and performance effortless for the end user.
Gene therapy for pain: Results of a phase I clinical trial (2011)

Treatment of intractable pain with NP2 was well tolerated. There were no placebo controls in this relatively small study, but the dose-responsive analgesic effects suggest that NP2 may be effective in reducing pain and warrants further clinical investigation.
Software Quality Function Deployment (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction History of QFD QFD Overview QFD Methodology HOQ Evaluation HOQ 1: The Customer's House Kano Model QFD HOQ 2: Translation House QFD HOQ3—Design House QFD HOQ4—Process House Summary References
Near Gaussian Multiple Access Channel Capacity Detection and Decoding (2018)

We consider the design of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with close-to-capacity performance for interleave division multiple access (IDMA). The degree profile of the LDPC code is optimized using extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts to match an IDMA low complexity multiuser detector. Analytical EXIT functions for the IDMA system are derived while verifying that the Gaussian approximation stays valid for a sufficiently large number of users. The resulting LDPC codes are of rather low-rate (e.g., R c = 0.03 for 32 users) and thus, the practical design of such codes is quite challenging and may, due to the low code-rate, not even yield a performance close to the Gaussian multiple access channel (GMAC) capacity. Adding a serial concatenation with a simple repetition code allows to design matching LDPC codes with a higher rate and, this way, achieving closer to GMAC capacity. This makes IDMA an attractive multiple access scheme for future wireless communication systems.
Regulatory Studies on Citrate Synthase in Candida 107, an Oleaginous Yeast (1980)

The kinetic properties of citrate synthase from Candida 107 were examined. Adenine nucleotides were inhibitory to enzyme activity, the order of efficacy being ATP &gt; ADP &gt; AMP. Inhibition by ATP was competitive with respect to acetyl-CoA and mixed with respect to oxaloacetate. Combinations of adenine nucleotides giving simulated energy charge values were also inhibitory, though the total adenine nucleotide concentration was of greater significance than the relative proportions of each in determining the degree of inhibition. When Mg2+was added at a concentration sufficient to saturate the adenine nucleotides, the inhibition was almost entirely relieved. The apparent absence of any rigorous control of citrate synthase by adenine nucleotides in oleaginous micro-organisms is consistent with previous observations that the flow of carbon through the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways to pyruvate and thence to citrate should be uninterrupted during the process of lipid accumulation.
Visual Inertial Odometry with Robust Initialization and Online Scale Estimation (2018)

Visual inertial odometry (VIO) has recently received much attention for efficient and accurate ego-motion estimation of unmanned aerial vehicle systems (UAVs). Recent studies have shown that optimization-based algorithms achieve typically high accuracy when given enough amount of information, but occasionally suffer from divergence when solving highly non-linear problems. Further, their performance significantly depends on the accuracy of the initialization of inertial measurement unit (IMU) parameters. In this paper, we propose a novel VIO algorithm of estimating the motional state of UAVs with high accuracy. The main technical contributions are the fusion of visual information and pre-integrated inertial measurements in a joint optimization framework, and the stable initialization of scale and gravity using relative pose constraints. To count for ambiguity and uncertainty of VIO initialization, a local scale parameter is adopted in the online optimization. Quantitative comparisons with the state-of-the-art algorithms on the EuRoC dataset verify the efficacy and accuracy of the proposed method.
Reasons for Readmission Following Primary Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (2018)

An increasing interest focuses on the rates and risk factors for hospital readmission. However, little is known regarding the readmission following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). This study aims to determine the rates, risk factors, and reasons for hospital readmission following primary TSA. Patients undergoing TSA (anatomic or reverse) as part of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program in 2011 to 2013 were identified. The rate of unplanned readmission to the hospital within 30 postoperative days was characterized. Using multivariate regression, demographic and comorbidity factors were tested for independent association with readmission. Finally, the reasons for readmission were characterized. A total of 3627 patients were identified. Among the admitted patients, 93 (2.56%) were readmitted within 30 days of surgery. The independent risk factors for readmission included old age (for age 60-69 years, relative risk [RR] = 1.6; for age 70-79 years, RR = 2.3; for age ≥80 years, RR = 23.1; P = .042), male sex (RR = 1.6, P = .025), anemia (RR = 1.9, P = .005), and dependent functional status (RR = 2.8, P = .012). The reasons for readmission were available for 84 of the 93 readmitted patients. The most common reasons for readmission comprised pneumonia (14 cases, 16.7%), dislocation (7 cases, 8.3%), pulmonary embolism (7 cases, 8.3%), and surgical site infection (6 cases, 7.1%). Unplanned readmission occurs following about 1 in 40 cases of TSA. The most common causes of readmission include pneumonia, dislocation, pulmonary embolism, and surgical site infection. Patients with old age, male sex, anemia, and dependent functional status are at higher risk for readmission and should be counseled and monitored accordingly.
Efficient multiuser receivers for CDMA systems (2003)

We focus on the design of multiuser receiver structures for code division multiple access (CDMA) communication systems, in the presence of multipath effects and multiple sensors at the base station receiver. We present a flexible and extensible framework that allows the use of an estimated effective spreading code from the channel estimation phase, in the multiuser detection process. The effective spreading code captures all the channel parameters such as path delays, attenuation factors, and directions of arrival. Hence estimation of this one composite vector removes the necessity of estimating each individual parameter, thus reducing computational complexity. The results also show that this approach leads to better performance for multiuser detection, especially when the channel consists of a number of low energy paths in addition to a few discrete strong paths.
Effect of Precursor's Composition and Thickness on Foaming Behavior of Al-Tiintermetallics in Volume Combustion and Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis Modes (2012)

Sheet type precursors made of aluminum, titanium, and boron carbide (B4C) powders were prepared by rolling, and porous Al-Ti intermetallics were fabricated by a combustion reaction in volume combustion synthesis (VCS) and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) modes. The effects of precursor's composition and thickness on the foaming behavior were investigated.The microstructure of the precursor was not affected by rolling. In the VCS mode, the thin precursor (1 mm) with a high Al/Ti blending ratio (Al/Ti = 7.0) did not expand sufficiently. The microstructure of the specimen after the reaction revealed that the reaction between titanium and aluminum was not completed in this specimen. This means that the maximum temperature during the reaction decreased by decreasing the thickness and increasing the Al/Ti blending ratio. The self-propagating high-temperature synthesis mode combustion reaction propagated through the whole specimen when the Al/Ti ratio was 4.0 and the thickness of the precursor was 4 mm or more. However, by reducing the thickness of the precursors to 2 mm or less, the reaction front did not propagate through the whole specimen. The self-propagation also became difficult by increasing the Al/Ti ratio to 7.0. Theseresults imply that the SHS mode reaction was more susceptible to precursor's composition and thickness than the VCS mode reaction. Fine pores with diameters below 1 mm are dispersed in the specimen by the SHS mode reaction.
Data from Serum Endotoxins and Flagellin and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are thought to be involved in colorectal cancer development. These processes may contribute to leakage of bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin, across the gut barrier. The objective of this study, nested within a prospective cohort, was to examine associations between circulating LPS and flagellin serum antibody levels and colorectal cancer risk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 1,065 incident colorectal cancer cases (colon, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 667; rectal, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 398) were matched (1:1) to control subjects. Serum flagellin- and LPS-specific IgA and IgG levels were quantitated by ELISA. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for multiple relevant confouding factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Overall, elevated anti-LPS and anti-flagellin biomarker levels were not associated with colorectal cancer risk. After testing potential interactions by various factors relevant for colorectal cancer risk and anti-LPS and anti-flagellin, sex was identified as a statistically significant interaction factor (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;interaction&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 0.05 for all the biomarkers). Analyses stratified by sex showed a statistically significant positive colorectal cancer risk association for men (fully-adjusted OR for highest vs. lowest quartile for total anti-LPS + flagellin, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.10–2.51; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt;, 0.049), whereas a borderline statistically significant inverse association was observed for women (fully-adjusted OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.47–1.02; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt;, 0.18).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; In this prospective study on European populations, we found bacterial exposure levels to be positively associated to colorectal cancer risk among men, whereas in women, a possible inverse association may exist.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Impact:&lt;/b&gt; Further studies are warranted to better clarify these preliminary observations. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(2); 291–301. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Hybrid Analysis Method for Reliability-Based Design Optimization (2003)

Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) involves evaluation of probabilistic constraints, which can be done in two different ways, the reliability index approach (RIA) and the performance measure approach (PMA). It has been reported in the literature that RIA yields instability for some problems but PMA is robust and efficient in identifying a probabilistic failure mode in the optimization process. However, several examples of numerical tests of PMA have also shown instability and inefficiency in the RBDO process if the advanced mean value (AMV) method, which is a numerical tool for probabilistic constraint evaluation in PMA, is used, since it behaves poorly for a concave performance function, even though it is effective for a convex performance function. To overcome difficulties of the AMV method, the conjugate mean value (CMV) method is proposed in this paper for the concave performance function in PMA. However, since the CMV method exhibits the slow rate of convergence for the convex function, it is selectively used for concave-type constraints. That is, once the type of the performance function is identified, either the AMV method or the CMV method can be adaptively used for PMA during the RBDO iteration to evaluate probabilistic constraints effectively. This is referred to as the hybrid mean value (HMV) method. The enhanced PMA with the HMV method is compared to RIA for effective evaluation of probabilistic constraints in the RBDO process. It is shown that PMA with a spherical equality constraint is easier to solve than RIA with a complicated equality constraint in estimating the probabilistic constraint in the RBDO process.
Bond-valence parameters of lanthanides (2006)

Ln-O and Ln-N bond-valence parameters have been computed in coordination complexes for lanthanides (Ln) at oxidation states other than +3 (Ce(IV), Sm(II), Eu(II) and Yb(II)). Moreover, Ln-Cl, Ln-S and Ln-C(pi-bonded) bond-valence parameters are presented, as calculated for coordination compounds. In general, the bond-valence parameters decrease in the order Ln-O > Ln-C > Ln-N > Ln-Cl > Ln-S. It has been found that the values of bond-valence parameters decrease with increasing lanthanide atomic number for coordination compounds. As expected, the values of lanthanide-oxygen and lanthanide-nitrogen bond-valence parameters diminish with increasing lanthanide oxidation state. Several examples are given where the total valence of the lanthanide ion is apparently incorrectly assigned, as well as cases where bond-valence method calculations confirm the doubtful oxidation state assignment.
Efficient Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Amines by Using a Biomimetic Coupled Catalytic System (2005)

Efficient aerobic oxidation of amines was developed by the use of a biomimetic coupled catalytic system involving a ruthenium-induced dehydrogenation. The principle for this aerobic oxidation is that the electron transfer from the amine to molecular oxygen occurs stepwise via coupled redox systems and this leads to a low-energy electron transfer. A substrate-selective ruthenium catalyst dehydrogenates the amine and the hydrogen atoms abstracted are transported to an electron-rich quinone (2a). The hydroquinone thus formed is subsequently reoxidized by air with the aid of an oxygen-activating [Co(salen)]-type complex (27). The reaction can be used for the preparation of ketimines and aldimines in good to high yields from the appropriate corresponding amines. The reaction proceeds with high selectivity, and the catalytic system tolerates air without being deactivated. The rate of the dehydrogenation was studied by using quinone 2a as the terminal oxidant. A catalytic cycle in which the amine promotes the dissociation of the dimeric catalyst 1 is presented.
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activation Polypeptide (PACAP) Protect Mice from Lethal Endotoxemia Through the Inhibition of TNF-α and IL-6 (1999)

Abstract The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) down-regulate cytokine production. Because human septic shock involves excessive cytokine production, the effect of VIP/PACAP was investigated in a high endotoxemia murine model. Both peptides protect against endotoxin-induced lethality and prevent septic shock-associated histopathological alterations. VIP/PACAP reduce serum and peritoneal TNF-α and IL-6, suggesting that the protective effect is exerted by inhibiting the production of endogenous TNF-α/IL-6. Consistent with this mechanism, VIP does not protect against septic shock induced by exogenous TNF-α. The immunomodulatory role of VIP in vivo is supported by the appearance of high levels of VIP in serum and peritoneal fluid following LPS administration. Thus, the neuropeptides VIP/PACAP protect from the lethal effect of high endotoxemia, presumably by down-regulating TNF-α and IL-6 production, and may offer an alternative in the treatment of human septic shock syndrome.
Peyote and mescaline exposures: a 12-year review of a statewide poison center database (2010)

Although uncommonly encountered, use of peyote and mescaline was associated with clinically significant effects requiring treatment in a substantial number of patients. Clinical effects were usually mild or moderate, and life-threatening toxicity was not reported in this case series.
Immunochromatographic Assay for Quantitation of Milk Progesterone. (1996)

We describe a rapid immunochromatographic method for the quantitation of progesterone in bovine milk. The method is based on a 'competitive' assay format using the monoclonal antibody to progesterone and a progesterone-protein conjugate labelled with colloidal gold particles. The monoclonal antibody to progesterone is immobilized as a narrow detection zone on a porous membrane. The sample is mixed with colloidal gold particles coated with progesterone-protein conjugate, and the mixture is allowed to migrate past the detection zone. Migration is facilitated by capillary forces. The amount of labelled progesterone-protein conjugate bound to the detection zone, as detected by photometric scanning, is inversely proportional to the amount of progesterone present in the sample. Analysis is complete in less than 10 min. The method has a practical detection limit of 5 ng of progesterone per ml of bovine milk.
The evolutionary origin of the Runx/CBFbeta transcription factors – Studies of the most basal metazoans (2008)

These results reveal that Runx and CBFbeta likely functioned together to regulate transcription in the common ancestor of all metazoans, and the structure of the Runx-CBFbeta-DNA complex has remained extremely conserved since the human-sponge divergence. The expression data suggest a hypothesis that these genes may have played a role in nerve cell differentiation or maintenance in the common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians.
Selective Crystal Growth of the Anhydrous and Monohydrate Forms of Theophylline on Self‐Assembled Monolayers (2007)

SAMs geben den Ton an: Die monohydratisierten und wasserfreien Formen von Theophyllin kristallisieren aus Ethanollösungen gemeinsam, doch hydrophile selbstorganisierte Thiolmonoschichten (SAMs) fördern das selektive Wachsen der wasserfreien Form (siehe Bild; C grau, H gelb, N blau, O rot). Diese Selektivität ist das Ergebnis von Grenzflächen-Wasserstoffbrücken und geometrischer Epitaxie. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z604674_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Efficiently evaluating complex boolean expressions (2010)

The problem of efficiently evaluating a large collection of complex Boolean expressions - beyond simple conjunctions and Disjunctive/Conjunctive Normal Forms (DNF/CNF) - occurs in many emerging online advertising applications such as advertising exchanges and automatic targeting. The simple solution of normalizing complex Boolean expressions to DNF or CNF form, and then using existing methods for evaluating such expressions is not always effective because of the exponential blow-up in the size of expressions due to normalization. We thus propose a novel method for evaluating complex expressions, which leverages existing techniques for evaluating leaf-level conjunctions, and then uses a bottom-up evaluation technique to only process the relevant parts of the complex expressions that contain the matching conjunctions. We develop two such bottom-up evaluation techniques, one based on Dewey IDs and another based on mapping Boolean expressions to one-dimensional intervals. Our experimental evaluation based on data obtained from an online advertising exchange shows that the proposed techniques are efficient and scalable, both with respect to space usage as well as evaluation time.
Management education and the ethical mindset: Responsibility to whom and for what? (2013)

Paper presented at the European Business Ethics Network (UK) Conference, Ethics in Crisis: a call for alternatives, April 7-9, 2010 at Queen Mary, University of London. Final version published by Springer in Journal of Business Ethics. Original title: Management education and the ethical mindset: Responsibility to whom and for what? Available online at http://www.springer.com/