gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fusion of image reconstruction and lesion detection using a bayesian framework for PET/SPECT (2008)

We propose a new concept that fuses image reconstruction and lesion detection in PET/SPECT, and develop a MAP reconstruction method that produces separately a normal uptake image and an abnormal lesion image. In this method, a radiotracer image is modeled by a sum of a smooth background image and a sparse spot image, and each image is regularized by the different smoothness and/or sparseness penalties in the reconstruction cost function. To minimize the cost function containing the two image variables, an iterative alternating method is developed. Through computer simulation studies, we show that the proposed method achieves the separate reconstruction of the background image and the spot image well, and outperforms the conventional ML and MAP reconstruction methods in terms of visual image quality and contrast-noise performance. Finally, we show a preliminary reconstructed image of a real PET data.
A glucose biosensor based on an oxygen electrode: in-vitro performances in model buffer solution and in blood plasma. (1997)

An implantable biosensor for continuous monitoring of glucose levels in diabetic patients was developed. The biosensor is based on an amperometric oxygen electrode and glucose oxidase immobilized on carbon powder held in the form of a liquid suspension. The enzyme material can be replaced (the sensor recharged) without sensor disassembly. Sensors with polycarbonate glucose-diffusion membranes coated with silastic were studied. Calibration curves of the sensors in phosphate buffer solution and in undiluted blood plasma at body temperature were obtained and compared. Sensors were tested for long-term performance in vitro in model phosphate buffer solution and in blood plasma at room and at body temperature. Reproducibility of the sensor responses in plasma at body temperature was demonstrated. During continuous operation at body temperature, the sensors have a lifetime of at least six weeks.
Identifying and tracking attacks on networks: C3I displays and related technologies (2003)

Converged network security is extremely challenging for several reasons; expanded system and technology perimeters, unexpected feature interaction, and complex interfaces all conspire to provide hackers with greater opportunities for compromising large networks. Preventive security services and architectures are essential, but in and of themselves do not eliminate all threat of compromise. Attack management systems mitigate this residual risk by facilitating incident detection, analysis and response. There are a wealth of attack detection and response tools for IP networks, but a dearth of such tools for wireless and public telephone networks. Moreover, methodologies and formalisms have yet to be identified that can yield a common model for vulnerabilities and attacks in converged networks. A comprehensive attack management system must coordinate detection tools for converged networks, derive fully-integrated attack and network models, perform vulnerability and multi-stage attack analysis, support large-scale attack visualization, and orchestrate strategic responses to cyber attacks that cross network boundaries. We present an architecture that embodies these principles for attack management. The attack management system described engages a suite of detection tools for various networking domains, feeding real-time attack data to a comprehensive modeling, analysis and visualization subsystem. The resulting early warning system not only provides network administrators with a heads-up cockpit display of their entire network, it also supports guided response and predictive capabilities for multi-stage attacks in converged networks.
Synthesis of benzo[3,2]phenanthro[4,5‐bcd]thiophene and chryseno[4,5‐bcd]thiophene (1981)

Abstract Benzo[2,3]phenanthro[4,5‐ bcd ]thiophene and chryseno[4,5‐ bcd ]thiophene were synthesized, so that their mutagenic and carcinogenic activity can be determined.
Thiolesters. Reaction of Thiols with Acrylyl and Crotonyl Chlorides (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThiolesters. Reaction of Thiols with Acrylyl and Crotonyl ChloridesAlfred A. Schleppnik and Ferdinand B. ZientyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 7, 1910–1915Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01030a060https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01030a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views562Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of the Near Molecular Vicinity on the Temperature Regulated Fluorescence Response of Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (2016)

A series of new fluorescent dye bearing monomers, including glycomonomers, based on maleamide and maleic esteramide was synthesized. The dye monomers were incorporated by radical copolymerization into thermo-responsive poly(<i>N</i>‑vinyl-caprolactam) that displays a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution. The effects of the local molecular environment on the polymers' luminescence, in particular on the fluorescence intensity and the extent of solvatochromism, were investigated below as well as above the phase transition. By attaching substituents of varying size and polarity in the close vicinity of the fluorophore, and by varying the spacer groups connecting the dyes to the polymer backbone, we explored the underlying structure⁻property relationships, in order to establish rules for successful sensor designs, e.g., for molecular thermometers. Most importantly, spacer groups of sufficient length separating the fluorophore from the polymer backbone proved to be crucial for obtaining pronounced temperature regulated fluorescence responses.
Glycosylation of CD45: carbohydrate composition and its role in acquisition of CD45RO and CD45RB T cell maturation‐related antigen specificities during biosynthesis (1990)

The contribution of oligosaccharides to the biochemical composition and antigen heterogeneity of the phosphotyrosine phosphatase CD45 glycoproteins has been studied on the K-562 erythroleukemic cell line. Treatment of immunoprecipitated CD45 glycoproteins with distinct exo- and endoglycosidases revealed the presence of highly sialylated O- and N-linked complex carbohydrates in the composition of mature CD45 glycoproteins. Incubation of K-562 cells with the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin blocked carbohydrate processing during biosynthesis of CD45 proteins, generating unglycosylated polypeptides similar in size to those resulting from digestion of CD45 proteins with a mixture of both N- and O-glycanases. Epitopes defining the T cell maturation related CD45R0 and CD45RB antigen specificities were present on the mature 180- and 190-kDa K-562 CD45 proteins, respectively. However, the CD45R0 and CD45RB epitopes were not detected on the high mannose biosynthetic CD45 precursors. Furthermore, treatment of CD45 proteins with O-glycanase or neuraminidase resulted in the loss of both CD45R0 and CD45RB epitopes, although reactivity of the anti-CD45R0 and anti-CD45RB mAb was not affected by mAb preincubation with either sialic acids or sialyllactose in solution. From these results we conclude that the blockade of early steps of N-glycosylation during carbohydrate processing resulted in the inhibition of subsequent incorporation of O-linked sugars on CD45 polypeptides, thus preventing the late acquisition of the CD45R0 and CD45RB determinants on the 180- and 190-kDa CD45 polypeptides.
Energy-aware cooperative MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc network st (2017)

In this paper, we present a new energy-efficient cooperative MAC protocol called e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> BT-COMAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. For performance comparison, we use two performance metrics, system throughput and network lifetime. According to numerical comparison with previous schemes, our proposed scheme has similar system throughput but provides the best network lifetime.
The Combinatorics of the Longest-Chain Rule: Linear Consistency for Proof-of-Stake Blockchains (2019)

The blockchain data structure maintained via the longest-chain rule—popularized by Bitcoin—is a powerful algorithmic tool for consensus algorithms. Such algorithms achieve consistency for blocks in the chain as a function of their depth from the end of the chain. While the analysis of Bitcoin guarantees consistency with error 2−k for blocks of depth O(k), the state-of-the-art of proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchains suffers from a quadratic dependence on k: these protocols, exemplified by Ouroboros (Crypto 2017), Ouroboros Praos (Eurocrypt 2018) and Sleepy Consensus (Asiacrypt 2017), can only establish that depth Θ(k2) is sufficient. Whether this quadratic gap is an intrinsic limitation of PoS—due to issues such as the nothing-at-stake problem—has been an urgent open question, as deployed PoS blockchains further rely on consistency for protocol correctnes. We give an axiomatic theory of blockchain dynamics that permits rigorous reasoning about the longest-chain rule and achieve, in broad generality, Θ(k) dependence on depth in order to achieve consistency error 2−k In particular, for the first time we show that PoS protocols can match proof-of-work protocols for linear consistency. We analyze the associated stochastic process, give a recursive relation for the critical functionals of this process, and derive tail bounds in both i.i.d. and martingale settings via associated generating functions.
Fully packaged CMOS current monitor using lead-on-chip technology (2002)

A compact CMOS monitor system for galvanically isolated current measurement is presented. It is packaged with standard lead-on-chip technology and completely in line with commercial IC production. This technology includes inexpensive and high volume batch fabrication of chips followed by automatic mass packaging. The system has a linear response in a range of /spl plusmn/10 A with a small non-linearity below /spl plusmn/0.3%. This results in a measurement accuracy of better than 50 mA. The accuracy is further improved by soft ferromagnetic field concentrators.
Optoelectronic properties of OLEDs based on CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and F8BT (2015)

Abstract We report our work about OLED devices where the emissive layer is based on CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) combined with poly[(9,9‐di‐n‐octylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐alt‐(benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazol‐4,8‐diyl)] (F8BT) in two different ways: blends at various QDs concentrations and sequential deposition of QDs and F8BT layers. The fluorescence of the blends presents a wide emission in the range (500‐700) nm due to the combination of fluorescence by the polymer (maximum at 540 nm) and QDs (maximum at 634 nm). Among the layered structures, the fluorescence emission by the QDs substantially contributes to the spectrum only for the F8BT/QDs bilayer. The OLEDs devices realized with the blend at 15 wt% of QDs show the highest luminance respect to all the devices, and threshold voltage values similar to the neat polymer device. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Impact of Spatial Fading Correlation and Keyholes on the Capacity of MIMO Systems with Transmitter and Receiver CSI (2007)

This paper investigates the impact of fading correlation and channel degeneracy alias keyhole condition on the capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) spatial multiplexing systems when instantaneous channel state information is available at the transmitter and receiver sides. Two special scenarios of a double scattering channel model are analyzed: (i) an extremely rich scattering environment corresponding to a conventional semi-correlated Rayleigh fading channel whereby correlation is accounted for either among the transmitting or the receiving antennas and (ii) a rank-deficient keyhole channel with a single degree of freedom and zero correlation at both sides of the wireless link. For both fading scenarios, closed-form capacity expressions are derived in terms of a cut-off signal- to-noise ratio which must be solved for numerically. In the case of semi-correlated Rayleigh fading, the capacity expressions are obtained for two kinds of correlation structures, namely, a constant correlation model and an arbitrary correlation model, the latter being induced by a full-rank covariance matrix with non-repeating distinct eigenvalues. Monte Carlo simulations are also carried out thereby upholding our theoretical analysis.
<title>Noise selection approach to image restoration</title> (2001)

This paper deals with a restoration (both denoising and deblurring) method. For instance in the case of denoising, this latter is only a small modification from the usual wavelet thresholding. However, it has the significant advantage to allow the use of several bases in such a way that we select what is considered as information by a basis or another basis or another basis, and so on for as many bases as we want. The computational cost of the method is mainly the computation of the coordinates of the signal (or image) in the bases.
Prognostic value of noninvasive combined anatomic/functional assessment by cardiac ct in patients with suspected coronary heart disease (2020)

Abstract Background Noninvasive evaluation of patients with stable angina is preferable over invasive testing if it leads to similar patient outcome. The combination of coronary angiography and vasodilator challenge myocardial perfusion imaging by computed tomography allows fast, comprehensive assessment of patients with suspected coronary heart disease. Purpose To compare the long-term prognostic value of combined computed tomography angiography (CTA) and myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) in patients with suspected hemodynamically significant coronary heart disease. Methods At 16 centres, 381 patients were followed for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) for the CORE320 study. All patients underwent coronary CTA, CTP, and SPECT before ICA. Prognostic performance according binary results (normal/abnormal) was assessed by 5-year major cardiovascular events (MACE) free survival and area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC). Results Follow up beyond 2-years was available in 323 patients. MACE-free survival rate was greater among patients with normal combined CTA/CTP findings compared to ICA/SPECT: 85 vs. 80% (95% confidence interval [CI] for difference 0.1, 11.3) though event-free survival time was similar (4.54 vs. 4.37 years, 95% CI for difference: 0.03, 0.36). Abnormal results by combined CTA/CTP was associated with 3.83 years event-free survival vs. 3.66 years after abnormal combined ICA/SPECT (95% CI for difference: 0.05, 0.39, CI −1.0, 11.1) (Figure). Predicting MACE by AUC also was similar: 65 vs. 65 (difference 0.1; 95% CI: −4.6, 4.9). When MACE was restricted to death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, AUC for CTA/CTP was 66 vs. 61 by ICA/SPECT (difference 5.1; 95% CI: −7.1, 12.9). Conclusions Combined CTA/CTP yield similar 5-year prognostic performance as joined ICA/SPECT assessment in patients presenting with suspected coronary heart disease and thus may represent a fast, non-invasive alternative to the traditional diagnostic approach. Figure 1. 5-year event-free survival Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): National Institutes of Health
Services through NFC technology in AmI environment (2008)

The use of Near Field Communications technology in AmI environments is a further step in achieving our particular proposal of the vision of Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. This work explores the single use of this technology in order to get context information (partial) and offer services with a minimal interactive effort. Our proposal contemplates a general computational infrastructure. In this work, we put into practice the "touching interaction". We present AmIReG system for using the NFC-enabled cell phone to obtain services in a building.
Picture free recall performance linked to the brain's structural connectome (2017)

In conclusion, this large-scale study indicates that individual memory performance is associated with the level of structural brain connectivity.
Energetics of Base Pairs in B-DNA in Solution:  An Appraisal of Potential Functions and Dielectric Treatments (1998)

The energetics of base pairs in B-DNA in solution has been estimated via recently reported versions of some empirical potential energy functions, namely, AMBER, CHARMM, GROMOS, and OPLS used commonly in biomolecular simulations. The electrostatic component of the interaction energy between bases involved in Watson−Crick pairing in B-DNA in aqueous environment, evaluated via the finite difference Poisson−Boltzmann methodology with all the above force fields, is in the range of −2 to −3 kcal/mol per H-bond. An examination of different dielectric functions used in conjunction with the above force fields suggests that a sigmoidal function, with an estimate of −2 kcal/mol per H-bond, comes closest to mimicking the electrostatics of AT and GC base pairs under aqueous conditions.
Recursive Algebraic Frisch Scheme: a Particle-Based Approach (2018)

This paper presents a novel identification procedure. The proposed method consists in a recursive formulation of the algebraic Frisch scheme, which is an estimation procedure based on mild a priori assumptions in the context of error-in-variables (EIV) schemes. Simulations have been performed to show the validity of the new methodology.
Clustering of scatterers in mobile radio channels-evaluation and modeling in the COST259 directional channel model (2003)

We analyze the clustering of scatterers in mobile radio channels, i.e, the fact that scatterers are usually not located uniformly in the whole coverage area, but tend to occur in clusters. While this has been recognized for some time, a realistic model for this phenomenon has been lacking up to now. We first analyze measurements to extract the distribution of the number of observed clusters. We then present a model that reflects not only this distribution, but also reproduces the appearance and disappearance of clusters as the mobile station moves through the cell. Our approach has been adopted as an important part of the COST259 directional channel model, a standard model for directional mobile radio channels. Finally, we discuss the implications of the model for the system performance of CDMA and SDMA systems.
Correlation of composite physiologic index with 6-minute walk test variables in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (2016)

<b>OBJECTIVE:</b> The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of composite physiologic index (CPI) with 6-minute walking test (6MWT) parameters in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). <b>METHODS:</b> Thirty five patients (male: 31, female: 4, average age: 72.5 ± 6.8 years old) with IIPs that consulted the Outpatient Department and underwent 6MWT at the Respiratory Center of Matsuzaka Municipal Hospital were enrolled in the present investigation. Correlation of CPI with parameters including 6-min walking distance (6MWD), maximum arterial oxygen saturation of pulse oxymetry (SpO2max), SpO2 minimun (SpO2min), modified Borg scale at rest and at the end of 6MWT was retrospectively evaluated. Pearson-moment correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses between parameters were performed. A p&lt;0.05 was taken as statistically significant. <b>RESULTS:</b> CPI was significantly correlated with 6MWD (r=-0.574, p&lt;0.001), SpO2max (r=-0.44,p&lt;0.05), SpO2min (r=-0.561, p&lt;0.01) and with the modified Borg Scale at the end of the test (r=0.376, p&lt;0.01). CPI was significantly correlated with 6MWD (β:-0.379,p=0.035) in the multivariate analysis. <b>CONCLUSION:</b> The results of this study showed a significant relationship of 6MWD with CPI, thereby suggesting the potential usefulness of 6MWD as a predictor of prognosis in patients with IIPs.
A Novel, Transgenic, Inducible Murine Model of Scrotal Lymphedema (2016)

Gardenier, Jason C. MD; Huang, Jung-Ju; Hespe, Geoffrey E.; Nores, Gabriela Garcia; Yu, Jessie Z. MD; Savetsky, Ira L. MD; Kataru, Raghu; Mehrara, Babak J. MD, FACS Author Information
Device ensembles [ubiquitous computing (2004)

The ubiquity of wireless local and personal area networks, an expanding array of intelligent handheld devices, and an increasingly mobile lifestyle are enabling new forms of ensemble computing. Looking across four system layers - link, network, data, and application - the authors survey the technologies, standards, and leading-edge research making device ensembles a reality.
Decentralized largest eigenvalue test for multi-sensor signal detection (2012)

Multi-sensor signal detection based on the the largest eigenvalue of the received sample covariance matrix is known to be optimal (asymptotically in the sample size and under Gaussian assumption) in the Neyman-Pearson sense. In this paper we propose two decentralized algorithms to implement this type of signal detector in distributed wireless networks without fusion center. The proposed solutions are based on iterative numerical algorithms (power method and Lanczos algorithm), implemented in a decentralized manner with matrix and vector products computed via average consensus. Numerical results show that such methods, in particular the decentralized Lanczos method, outperform the recently proposed decentralized energy detector after a very small number of iterations.
Not seeing is also believing: Combining object and metric spatial information (2014)

Spatial representations are fundamental to mobile robots operating in uncertain environments. Two frequently-used representations are occupancy grid maps, which only model metric information, and object-based world models, which only model object attributes. Many tasks represent space in just one of these two ways; however, because objects must be physically grounded in metric space, these two distinct layers of representation are fundamentally linked. We develop an approach that maintains these two sources of spatial information separately, and combines them on demand. We illustrate the utility and necessity of combining such information through applying our approach to a collection of motivating examples.
Application of maximum likelihood techniques to the design of optimum star trackers (1968)

Maximum likelihood techniques for design of optimum star trackers that determine position and magnitude
Refined Data Analysis Provides Clinical Evidence for Central Nervous System Control of Chronic Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration (2014)

Integrated bilateral visual field analysis should better define actual visual disability and more accurately reflect the functional efficacy of current ocular and future CNS-oriented therapeutic approaches to the treatment of glaucoma. Glaucomatous eyes provide a highly accessible paired-organ study model for developing therapeutics to optimize conservation of function in neurodegenerative disorders.