gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Performance LSC Infiltrated LSCF Oxygen Electrode for High Temperature Steam Electrolysis Application (2019)

This work is focused on La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) infiltrated La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) oxygen electrode for high temperature steam electrolysis aimed at efficient hydrogen production. In this respect, first the chemical and structural stability of both LSCF and LSC materials are investigated as a function of temperature under air and oxygen. The electrochemical performance of LSC infiltrated LSCF oxygen electrode is then investigated for steam electrolysis and compared with conventional LSCF electrode. The symmetrical half-cell as well as single cell containing LSCF oxygen electrode with and without LSC infiltration are characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range 700–900°C. It is observed that the symmetrical cell as well as single cells with LSC infiltrated LSCF electrode performs better than the conventional LSCF electrode. The degradation experiments were performed with the symmetrical cells under polarizations. Post-test analysis using SEM-EDX was performed to investigate the changes of electrode and electrode/electrolyte interface microstructures.
Theory of the scanning tunneling microscope (1985)

We present a theory for tunneling between a real surface and a model probe tip, applicable to the recently developed ``scanning tunneling microscope.'' The tunneling current is found to be proportional to the local density of states of the surface, at the position of the tip. The effective lateral resolution is related to the tip radius R and the vacuum gap distance d approximately as [(2 \AA{})(R+d${)]}^{1/2}$. The theory is applied to the 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 and 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 reconstructions of Au(110); results for the respective corrugation amplitudes and for the gap distance are all in excellent agreement with experimental results of Binnig et al. if a 9-\AA{} tip radius is assumed. In addition, a convenient approximate calculational method based on atom superposition is tested; it gives reasonable agreement with the self-consistent calculation and with experiment for Au(110). This method is used to test the structure sensitivity of the microscope. We conclude that for the Au(110) measurements the experimental ``image'' is relatively insensitive to the positions of atoms beyond the first atomic layer. Finally, tunneling to semiconductor surfaces is considered. Calculations for GaAs(110) illustrate interesting qualitative differences from tunneling to metal surfaces.
Production of Fullerenes from Plant Materials and used Carbon Materials by Means of a Chip-Injection-TypeJ×BArc Reactor (2000)

Abstract By using a chip-injection-type J×B arc reactor, carbon material chips of, for example, charcoal, activated carbon, sumi (Chinese ink stick), synthetic rubber and carbon black are well arc-sublimated in He gas and fullerenes are successfully produced from these materials. From the viewpoints of effective use of plant resources, recycling of used carbon materials and environmental low-emission technology, the utilization of these materials to produce fullerenes has potential as an environment-friendly technology.
Enhanced Dynamics of Hydrated tRNA on Nanodiamond Surfaces: A Combined Neutron Scattering and MD Simulation Study (2016)

Nontoxic, biocompatible nanodiamonds (ND) have recently been implemented in rational, systematic design of optimal therapeutic use in nanomedicines. However, hydrophilicity of the ND surface strongly influences structure and dynamics of biomolecules that restrict in situ applications of ND. Therefore, fundamental understanding of the impact of hydrophilic ND surface on biomolecules at the molecular level is essential. For tRNA, we observe an enhancement of dynamical behavior in the presence of ND contrary to generally observed slow motion at strongly interacting interfaces. We took advantage of neutron scattering experiments and computer simulations to demonstrate this atypical faster dynamics of tRNA on ND surface. The strong attractive interactions between ND, tRNA, and water give rise to unlike dynamical behavior and structural changes of tRNA in front of ND compared to without ND. Our new findings may provide new design principles for safer, improved drug delivery platforms.
Influence of Nb Addition on α″ and ω Phase Stability and on Mechanical Properties in the Ti-12Mo-xNb Stoichiometric System (2022)

Metastable β-Ti alloys have become one of the most attractive implant materials due to their high biocorrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties, including lower Young’s modulus values. Mechanical properties of these alloys are strongly dependent on the final microstructure, which is controlled by thermomechanical treatment processing, in particular the Young’s modulus and hardness. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of phase precipitations in heat-treated Ti-12Mo-xNb (x = 0, 3, 8, 13, 17, and 20) alloys. The alloys were prepared via arc melting and treated at 950 °C/1 h, and then quenched in water. The microstructures were analyzed by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties were based on Vickers microhardness tests and Young’s modulus measurements. Microstructural characterization showed that α″ and ω stability is a function of Nb content for the Ti–12Mo base alloy. Nb addition resulted in the suppression of the α″ phase and decrease in the ω phase volume fraction. Although the ω phase decreased with higher Nb contents, ω particles with ellipsoidal morphology were still observed in the Ti–12Mo–20Nb alloy. The α″ phase suppression by Nb addition caused a marked increase in the Young’s modulus, which decreased back to lower values with higher Nb concentrations. On other hand, the decrease in the ω phase continuously reduced alloy hardness. The study of the effect of chemical composition in controlling the volume fraction of these phases is an important step for the development of β-Ti alloys with functional properties.
White Up-Conversion Luminescence in Rare-Earth-Ion-Doped YAlO3 Nanocrystals (2008)

Room-temperature bright white up-conversion (UC) luminescence in Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ ion-doped YAlO3 nanocrystals was achieved under diode laser excitation of 974.5 nm. The white light consists of the blue (1G4 → 3H6 of Tm3+), green (2H11/2/ 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+), and red (1G4 → 3F4 of Tm3+ and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+) UC emissions. The UC mechanisms were proposed based on spectral, pump power dependence and kinetic analyses. The white light may be a possible candidate for applications in the field of lighting, displays, and photonics.
Síndrome de Moyamoya e Drepanocitose: A Propósito de um Caso Clínico (2022)

A síndrome de moyamoya é uma entidade clínica rara, de etiologia desconhecida, encontrando-se descrita em associação com várias patologias, entre as quais a drepanocitose. Os autores apresentam o caso de uma mulher de 28 anos com antecedentes de drepanocitose, dois episódios de acidente vascular cerebral e hemiparésia esquerda sequelar; recorre ao serviço de urgência por agravamento da hemiparésia esquerda, alterações da sensibilidade e cefaleia fronto-parietal homolaterais. À observação, foi objetivado o défice neurológico descrito. Tomografia computorizada e angio-ressonância magnética de crânio: alteração do padrão vascular cerebral, com estenose franca bilateral ao nível da carótida interna e artéria cerebral média; presença de pequenos vasos emaranhados sublenticulares – padrão sugestivo de moyamoya. Feita angiografia diagnóstica, que confirmou as alterações vasculares descritas. Optou-se por tratamento conservador, atendendo aos riscos inerentes à intervenção cirúrgica neste caso. “Moyamoya” significa, em japonês, “sopro de fumo de cigarro”, ilustrando um padrão angiográfico cerebral característico. Este é um caso de síndrome de moyamoya, situação em que este padrão angiográfico se associa a um determinado factor de risco. Pretendemos não só documentar o caso, como rever a evidência atual acerca desta entidade clínica rara.
Experimental determination of HTS dc-SQUID amplifier inductance and noise performance (2003)

The inductance L/sub sq/, transimpedance Z, transfer function V/sub /spl Phi// and flux noise S/sub /spl Phi// have been experimentally determined, in open loop mode, for a series of simple dc-SQUID amplifiers which varied only in the length of the loop. The SQUID design had no input flux transformer but included a current path for directly injecting flux into the loop. Correlations between these parameters were obtained which compare favorably with theoretical estimates. We confirm that the best device performance (small S/sub /spl Phi//) is obtained if L/sub sq/ is kept small whilst V/sub /spl Phi// is maximized; the latter was achieved in one device by a novel "ion-beam trimming" technique.
Is Visualization Enough? Evaluating the Efficacy of MUD-Visualizer in Enabling Ease of Deployment for Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) (2021)

The IETF Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD) standard was designed to protect IoT devices through network micro-segmentation. In practice, this is implemented using per-device access control that is defined by the manufacturer. This access control is embedded in a “MUD-File”, which is transferred to the user’s network during the onboarding process, and may contain from one to hundreds of rules. Validating these rules for each device can be a challenge, particularly when devices are interacting. In response, MUD-Visualizer was designed to simplify the validation of individual and interacting MUD-Files through straightforward visualizations. In this work, we report on an evaluation of the usability and efficacy of MUD-Visualizer. The results illustrate that not only it is more usable compared to manual analysis, but the participants that used MUD-Visualizer also had more accurate results in less time.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Quaternary Centers. Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Malyngolide. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A soft robot based on the swimming biomechanics of cephalopods (2012)

This paper describes a first prototype of a cephalopod-like biomimetic aquatic robot. The robot replicates the ability of cephalopods to travel in the aquatic environment by means of pulsed jet propulsion. In contrast with existing works on pulsed-jet propulsion, in this work the focus is placed in designing a faithful biomimesis of the structural and functional components of the Octopus vulgaris, hence the robot is shaped as an exact copy of these animals and is composed, to a major extent, of soft materials. In addition, the propelling mechanism is driven by a compression/expansion cycle analogous to that found in cephalopods. This work offers a hands-on experience of the swimming biomechanics of chephalopods and an insight into a yet unexplored new mode of aquatic propulsion. Keywords—Soft robots, AUV, biomimetic propulsion, biorobotics.
SWST: A Disk Based Index for Sliding Window Spatio-Temporal Data (2012)

Numerous applications such as wireless communication and telematics need to keep track of evolution of spatio-temporal data for a limited past. Limited retention may even be required by regulations. In general, each data entry can have its own user specified lifetime. It is desired that expired entries are automatically removed by the system through some garbage collection mechanism. This kind of limited retention can be achieved by using a sliding window semantics similar to that from stream data processing. However, due to the large volume and relatively long lifetime of data in the aforementioned applications (in contrast to the real-time transient streaming data), the sliding window here needs to be maintained for data on disk rather than in memory. It is a new challenge to provide fast access to the information from the recent past and, at the same time, facilitate efficient deletion of the expired entries. In this paper, we propose a disk based, two-layered, sliding window indexing scheme for discretely moving spatio-temporal data. Our index can support efficient processing of standard time slice and interval queries and delete expired entries with almost no overhead. In existing historical spatio-temporal indexing techniques, deletion is either infeasible or very inefficient. Our sliding window based processing model can support both current and past entries, while many existing historical spatio-temporal indexing techniques cannot keep these two types of data together in the same index. Our experimental comparison with the best known historical index (i.e., the MV3R tree) for discretely moving spatio-temporal data shows that our index is about five times faster in terms of insertion time and comparable in terms of search performance. MV3R follows a partial persistency model, whereas our index can support very efficient deletion and update.
Concurrency Control in Real-Time Database System: Optimistic Scheme vs. Two-Phase Locking (1990)

The two-phase locking approach widely used for concurrency control in database systems have some inherent disadvantages such as deadlock and unpredictable blocking time. These appear to be serious problems with respect to real-time transaction processing, since in a real-time environ- ment transactions need to meet their time constraints as well as their consistency requirements. Integrated with CPU scheduling, we investigate an optimistic concurrency control approach for real- time transaction processing, which possesses the properties of deadlock freedom and predictable blocking time. We also give solutions to the problem of transaction starvation. The proposed optimistic concurrency control scheme is implemented on a real-time database testbed. The per- formance results show that the optimistic scheme outperforms two-phase locking even when the system is CPU bound.
Cloning of Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene conferring cadmium resistance (1988)

A gene conferring resistance to the toxic effect of cadmium ions was cloned out of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene library based on vector pL3. Cadmium resistance was phenotypically expressed only if the CAD1 gene was present in a multicopy plasmid. Intrachromosomal integration of the plasmid or insertion of the centromeric region into the plasmid lowered the number of CAD1-gene copies and, correspondingly, the resistance to cadmium ions. The cloned, Sau3A-cleaved fragment of the yeast chromosome was 3.5 kg in size. Restriction analysis and subcloning of different portions of this DNA stretch determined the minimal fragment responsible for the Cad/sup r/ phenotype: the CAD1 gene was found to be located on an XhoI-Sau3A fragment 1.6 kb long. In Escherichia coli, instability of a yeast-DNA region adjacent to the XhoI-Sau3A fragment was observed.
Interaction between IGF2‐PI3K axis and cancer‐associated‐fibroblasts promotes anal squamous carcinogenesis (2019)

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare tumour, but its incidence is increasing. Standard chemoradiotherapy fails to cure 20% of patients and no targeted therapy is currently approved for recurrent ASCC. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently altered in this poorly characterised carcinoma<sub>.</sub> IGF2 was identified here as a key factor in ASCC oncogenesis, as IGF2 was shown to play a crucial role in the PI3K pathway with frequent (~60%) and mutually exclusive genomic alterations in IGF2, IGF1R, PTEN and PIK3CA genes. We also demonstrated that IGF2 expression is mainly due to cancer-associated fibroblasts and that IGF2 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts from ASCC samples promotes proliferation of a human ASCC cell line via IGF2 paracrine signalling. Altogether, these results highlight the key role of the IGF2/PI3K axis, and the major role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumour growth via IGF2 secretion, suggesting a major role of IGF2/IGF1R inhibitors in ASCC therapies.
Analysis of the Radiative Heat Transfer in Chains of Nanoparticles (2019)

The transfer of heat through radiation plays a crucial role in the thermalization of nanoscale objects thanks to the involvement of evanescent waves. As nanotechnology becomes a prominent area of research and development, the understanding of this phenomenon is becoming more and more crucial. In this work, we investigate the thermalization of linear chains of SiC nanospheres. To that end, we develop an analytical method that allows us to calculate the radiative heat exchange between the particles through the analysis of the normal modes of the system and their corresponding decay rates. Using this approach we analyze the time evolution of the temperature distribution of different structures
Heat shock protein 90 inhibition sensitizes acute myelogenous leukemia cells to cytarabine (2005)

Previous studies demonstrated that ataxia telangiectasia mutated- and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase and its downstream target checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) facilitate survival of cells treated with nucleoside analogs and other replication inhibitors. Recent results also demonstrated that Chk1 is depleted when cells are treated with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG). The present study examined the effects of 17-AAG and its major metabolite, 17-aminogeldanamycin (17-AG), on Chk1 levels and cellular responses to cytarabine in human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lines and clinical isolates. Cytarabine, at concentrations as low as 30 nM, caused activating phosphorylation of Chk1, loss of the phosphatase Cdc25A, and S-phase slowing. Conversely, treatment with 100 to 300 nM 17-AAG for 24 hours caused Chk1 depletion that was accompanied by diminished cytarabine-induced S-phase accumulation, decreased Cdc25A degradation, and enhanced cytotoxicity as measured by inhibition of colony formation and induction of apoptosis. Additional studies demonstrated that small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) depletion of Chk1 also sensitized cells to cytarabine, whereas disruption of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3k) signaling pathway, which is also blocked by Hsp90 inhibition, did not. Collectively, these results suggest that treatment with 17-AAG might represent a means of reversing checkpoint-mediated cytarabine resistance in AML.
Evaluation and Optimization of High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Multiplexed Quantitative Site-specific N-glycoproteomics (2021)

The heterogeneity and complexity of glycosylation hinder the depth of site-specific glycoproteomics analysis. High-field asymmetric-waveform ion-mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) has shown to improve the scope of bottom-up proteomics. The benefits of FAIMS for quantitative N glycoproteomics have not been investigated yet. In this work, we optimized FAIMS settings for N-glycopeptide identification, with or without the tandem mass tag (TMT) label. The optimized FAIMS approach significantly increased the identification of site-specific N glycopeptides derived from the purified IgM protein or human lymphoma cells. We explored in detail the changes in FAIMS mobility caused by N glycopeptides with different characteristics, including TMT labeling, charge state, glycan type, peptide sequence, glycan size and precursor m/z. Importantly, FAIMS also improved multiplexed N glycopeptide quantification, both with the standard MS2 acquisition method and with our recently developed Glyco-SPS-MS3 method. The combination of FAIMS and Glyco-SPS-MS3 provided the highest quantitative accuracy and precision. Our results demonstrate the advantages of FAIMS for improved mass-spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative N glycoproteomics.
SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT AND CONCENTRATION BY CHRONOAMPEROMETRY AT A MICRODISK ELECTRODE (1994)

Two unknown values among three electrochemical values, i.e. electrode area, diffusion coefficient, and concentration, are simultaneously obtained by nonlinear regression analysis of a single chronoamperometric faradaic current curve at a microdisk electrode. The approach is an analytical application of the semi-empirical equation presented by Shoup and Szabo for the chronoamperometric response at a disk electrode. To demonstrate the usefulness and accuracy of this approach, the chronoamperometric current at a platinum disk electrode of 50 radius in solutions of , were analyzed.
A Review of Developments in Electrospinning Technology: New Opportunities for the Design of Artificial Tissue Structures (2011)

It describes selected technical developments in electrospinning related to the production of non-woven fiber scaffolds and their implications in the design of artificial tissue structures. Specifically, it describes techniques for the production of aligned fiber structures, multilayered, multiscaled and multifiber scaffolds, fiber modification and functionalization, and useful advances in process control. It also presents technical sketches showing in detail how to implement the techniques presented into electrospinning equipment setups. Finally, it discusses remaining limitations that pertain to the design of scaffold materials.
Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure (2014)

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485∼490, 2014)