gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Bulk-Like 3C-SiC Growth Using Low Off-Axis Substrates (2013)

Bulk-like 3C-SiC was grown on 1.2 degrees low off-axis 6H-SiC substrates using a sublimation epitaxy technique. The effects of temperature ramp-up and increase in layer thickness on the 3C-SiC domain formation were explored. The temperature ramp-up had no significant effect on the domain size. The domain size was considerably increased and the crystal quality was significantly improved by increasing the thickness of the layer towards bulk-like material. Average full width at half maximum values of 149 arcsec and 65 arcsec were measured in samples with thicknesses of 305 µm and 1080 µm, respectively, at a footprint of 1x3 mm2. This result implies that heteropeitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on low off-axis 6H-SiC substrates by a sublimation method can be used to prepare 3C-SiC seeds or can be further developed for growth of bulk 3C-SiC material.
Production of filamentous fungal biomass with increased oil content using olive oil as a carbon source (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND Vegetable oil is more difficult for microorganisms to degrade compared with carbohydrates and protein. Oil‐rich waste creates serious environmental and health concerns if it remains untreated. The aim of the work reported here was to evaluate the effects on the nutritional composition of filamentous fungal biomass by growing it in pure olive oil as a carbon source. RESULTS The growth of different filamentous fungal strains ( Aspergillus oryzae , Neurospora intermedia and Rhizopus oryzae ) was investigated in pure olive oil. A pre‐germination stage of either glucose or yeast extract was necessary for successful fungal growth in olive oil. A. oryzae showed superior performance in comparison with N. intermedia and R. oryzae in terms of biomass growth. The obtained biomass from A. oryzae and N. intermedia was analyzed for protein, fat, ash and alkali‐insoluble material, where the presence of olive oil had a steering effect on biomass growth (16 g L −1 with oil versus 4 g L −1 without oil). Nutritional composition of the fungal biomass of A. oryzae contained 0.33% fat and 48% protein when cultivated in medium without olive oil supplementation, while 31% fat and 14% protein contents were observed in the presence of olive oil‐containing medium. Similar trends for fat and protein contents were observed for the biomass of N. intermedia . Moreover, microscopy confirmed the presence of oil globules inside the fungal cells. CONCLUSIONS Fat composition of fungal biomass can be steered through addition of olive oil, which increases the versatility of the produced biomass for various applications, namely in feed, food and biofuel production. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Series Inductance Design Method for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converters Including Operating Range Profiles (2021)

This paper proposes a new method to design the required series reactance of a dual active bridge dc-dc converter for high efficiency. The effect of variable power and voltage ranges in dependency of the series reactance on the soft-switching performance of the converter is illustrated. The operating ranges are modeled as Gaussian distributions in hours per year, comparable with real applications in sustainable energy systems. The new design involves the impact of typical operating range profiles on the system power loss and consequently determines the optimal series reactance of the transformer with the highest possible effective annual efficiency of the dc-dc converter.
Molecular materials for switchable nonlinear optics in the solid state, based on ruthenium-nitrosyl complexes (2013)

The promising class of (polypyridine-ruthenium)-nitrosyl complexes capable of high yield Ru–NO/Ru–ON isomerization is targeted as a potential molecular device for the achievement of complete NLO switches in the solid state. A computational investigation conducted at the PBE0/6-31+G** DFT level for benchmark systems of general formula [R-terpyridine-RuIICl2(NO)](PF6) (R being a substituent with various donating or withdrawing capabilities) leads to the suggestion that an isomerization could produce a convincing NLO switch (large value of the βON/βOFF ratio) for R substituents of weak donating capabilities. Four new molecules were obtained in order to test the synthetic feasibility of this class of materials with R = 4′-p-bromophenyl, 4′-p-methoxyphenyl, 4′-p-diethylaminophenyl, and 4′-p-nitrophenyl. The different cis-(Cl,Cl) and trans-(Cl,Cl) isomers can be separated by HPLC, and identified by NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies.
Review article: landlords, tenants and share‐croppers — agrarian change in regional perspective (1987)

William Beinart, Peter Delius and Stanley Trapido (eds.), Putting a Plough to the Ground: Accumulation and Dispossession in Rural South Africa 1850–1930 (Johannesburg: Ravan Press, 1986). Pp. xvi+458. £10.95 paperback only. (Available from Third World Publications, 151 Stratford Road, Birmingham B11 1RD.) Timothy J. Keegan, Rural Transformations in Industrialising South Africa: The Southern Highveld to 1914 (Johannesburg: Ravan Press, 1986; Basingstoke: Mac‐millan Press, 1987). Pp. xviii+302. R23.50 paperback/£29.50 hardback. A.F. Robertson, The Dynamics of Productive Relationships: African Share Contracts in Comparative Perspective (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987). Pp. xx+321. £25.00.
Bioinorganic Molecular Mechanics (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBioinorganic Molecular MechanicsMarc ZimmerCite this: Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 8, 2629–2649Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00040a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00040a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views778Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Innovative teaching approach for the design process of mechanical products (2013)

Nowadays, numerical simulation tools take a central place in the design process of mechanical products, to face the imperatives of reducing costs and development time. However, their use is often done for the validation of a solution in the latest stages of a project, even if they are more efficient earlier in the project for the help to find solutions. Statistical and optimization tools, in an approach based on designs of experiments and response surfaces methodologies, could be an important help, associated with numerical simulations, to find new product architectures. Nevertheless, their use is commonly reserved for complex problems with costly simulations. This article presents a design methodology based on numerical simulation and optimization tools to help to find original optimal architectures. The results of the experimentation of this design process on student projects are presented.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasR overexpression leads to a RsaL-independent pyocyanin production inhibition in a low phosphate condition (2022)

Several <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> virulence-related traits like pyocyanin are regulated by an intricate regulatory network called quorum sensing (QS) that relies on transcriptional regulators that are activated through binding to a self-produced molecule called an autoinducer (AI). QS is composed of three systems, Las, Rhl and Pqs. In the Las system, the regulatory protein LasR interacts with its AI to activate the other two QS systems. In turn, the Rhl and Pqs systems regulate the expression of multiple virulence-related genes, such as the genes of the reiterated operons <i>phzA1B1C1D1E1F1G1</i> and <i>phzA2B2C2D2E2F2G2</i> involved in pyocyanin production. The Las system also regulates the negative regulator RsaL, which provides negative feedback to the QS-response, including repression of pyocyanin synthesis genes. In this work, we describe that LasR can act as a negative regulator of <i>phzA1</i> transcription and hence of pyocyanin production and that this regulation is independent of RsaL activity. This work contributes to the understanding of QS-dependent pyocyanin production and demonstrates a previously uncharacterized role of LasR as a repressor.
Cerebrospinal fluid proteome maps detect pathogen-specific host response patterns in meningitis (2021)

Meningitis is a potentially life-threatening infection characterized by the inflammation of the leptomeningeal membranes. Many different viral and bacterial pathogens can cause meningitis, with differences in mortality rates, risk of developing neurological sequelae, and treatment options. Here, we constructed a compendium of digital cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome maps to define pathogen-specific host response patterns in meningitis. The results revealed a drastic and pathogen-type specific influx of tissue-, cell-, and plasma proteins in the CSF, where, in particular, a large increase of neutrophil-derived proteins in the CSF correlated with acute bacterial meningitis. Additionally, both acute bacterial and viral meningitis result in marked reduction of brain-enriched proteins. Generation of a multiprotein LASSO regression model resulted in an 18-protein panel of cell- and tissue-associated proteins capable of classifying acute bacterial meningitis and viral meningitis. The same protein panel also enabled classification of tick-borne encephalitis, a subgroup of viral meningitis, with high sensitivity and specificity. The work provides insights into pathogen-specific host response patterns in CSF from different disease etiologies to support future classification of pathogen type based on host response patterns in meningitis.
Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Alcohols by Enantioselective Silylation Enabled by Two Orthogonal Transition‐Metal Catalysts (2020)

Abstract A nonenzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of acyclic and cyclic benzylic alcohols is reported. The approach merges rapid transition‐metal‐catalyzed alcohol racemization and enantioselective Cu‐H‐catalyzed dehydrogenative Si‐O coupling of alcohols and hydrosilanes. The catalytic processes are orthogonal, and the racemization catalyst does not promote any background reactions such as the racemization of the silyl ether and its unselective formation. Often‐used ruthenium half‐sandwich complexes are not suitable but a bifunctional ruthenium pincer complex perfectly fulfills this purpose. By this, enantioselective silylation of racemic alcohol mixtures is achieved in high yields and with good levels of enantioselection.
A cognitive stress test for prodromal Alzheimer's disease: Multiethnic generalizability (2019)

In diverse populations, LASSI-L performance differentiated patients with aMCI from cognitively normal older adults and was associated with thinning in Alzheimer's disease-prone regions, suggesting its clinical utility.
95 GHz gyrotron with water cooled magnet and high average power (2019)

A 95 GHz gyrotron with water cooled copper magnet delivering high average power was assembled. The cavity interaction mode is TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">02</sub> at the second cyclotron harmonic. Internal mode converter is used to convert the interaction mode to quasi-Gaussian mode at the gyrotron output window. A ~1.8T magnetic field is produced by water cooled copper electromagnet. The magnet and the gyrotron have immediate turn on and off time when the cathode is worm (<; 1s). Initial results will be presented.
Credit Due in Oncologic Therapeutics (1989)

Journal Article Credit Due in Oncologic Therapeutics Get access ROBERT E. WITTES ROBERT E. WITTES Bristol-Myers Co.5 Research Parkway P.O. Box 5100 Wallingford, CT 06492-7660 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 15, 2 August 1989, Page 1194, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.15.1194 Published: 02 August 1989
Photorefractive polymers containing a single multifunctional chromophore (1996)

Y. Zhang, T. Wada, L. Wang, T. Aoyama and H. Sasabe, Chem. Commun., 1996, 2325 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960002325
AMPKα1 deletion in myofibroblasts exacerbates post-myocardial infarction fibrosis by a connexin 43 mechanism (2021)

We have previously demonstrated that systemic AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) invalidation enhanced adverse LV remodelling by increasing fibroblast proliferation, while myodifferentiation and scar maturation were impaired. We thus hypothesised that fibroblastic AMPKα1 was a key signalling element in regulating fibrosis in the infarcted myocardium and an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The present study investigates the effects of myofibroblast (MF)-specific deletion of AMPKα1 on left ventricular (LV) adaptation following myocardial infarction (MI), and the underlying molecular mechanisms. MF-restricted AMPKα1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice were subjected to permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. cKO hearts exhibit exacerbated post-MI adverse LV remodelling and are characterised by exaggerated fibrotic response, compared to wild-type (WT) hearts. Cardiac fibroblast proliferation and MF content significantly increase in cKO infarcted hearts, coincident with a significant reduction of connexin 43 (Cx43) expression in MFs. Mechanistically, AMPKα1 influences Cx43 expression by both a transcriptional and a post-transcriptional mechanism involving miR-125b-5p. Collectively, our data demonstrate that MF-AMPKα1 functions as a master regulator of cardiac fibrosis and remodelling and might constitute a novel potential target for pharmacological anti-fibrotic applications.
Mathematical models of long term evolution of blue whale song types’ frequencies (2022)

The linear decrease in the frequency of blue whale songs around the world is, to date, an unexplained phenomenon. We show it can be reproduced by a mathematical model considering two antagonistic behavioral trends: first, a bias towards conformity in the song, and second, a tendency to try and sing lower than the other whales. We check the robustness of our model by considering some more complex premises. First, different hierarchical relations between the singers are explored, adapting methods used in the flocking motion studies. Then a population-dependant simulation shows that even considering the gradual addition of new whales, the evolution is still globally linear. Finally, we show that intra-annual variations surging from different causes can be naturally incorporated into the model. We then conclude that, unlike other explanations, a cultural hypothesis seems compatible with the observed linearity of the blue whales's songs frequency shift.
Resonance theory of acoustic wave propagation through bubble screens (1980)

Liquid media containing clouds of gas bubbles may be characterized by a set of “effective (and frequency-dependent) material parameters” which differ from those of the liquid and/or gas. A method first proposed by Ament, is used here to determine the effective density and the effective (complex) propagation constant (i.e., the effective sound speed and attenuation) of liquids containing screens or clouds of spherical gas bubbles, by comparing low-frequency sound scattered from the bubble cloud with scattering from an effective sphere of bubbly liquid. The novelty of our resonance treatment is that we have retained some high-order terms in the required low-frequency expansions in order to include the previously ignored dominating effect of the giant monopole resonance. Many numerical results for air bubbles in water are obtained and displayed in graphs. The effects of surface tension and shear viscosity of the liquid and of thermal conduction in the gas, all modify the radiation damping results. We have incorporated all these corrections [in the manner given by R. Nishi, Acustica 33, 65–74 (1975)] into our resonance formulation in order to assess their relative importance in various situations. Comparisons to available experimental results shows very good agreement. [H.Ü. is also at Catholic University, Washington, D.C., and was additionally supported by Code 421 of ONR.]
Gesundheitliche Folgen von körperlichen und sexuellen Gewalterfahrungen bei erwachsenen Frauen (2004)

Fragestellung: Die Bedeutung von Gewalterfahrungen für die Gesundheit betroffener Frauen wird im medizinischen Versorgungssystem erst seit wenigen Jahren wahrgenommen und thematisiert. Zur Prävalenz und zu gesundheitlichen Folgen liegen in Deutschland bisher nur wenige Untersuchungen vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist einerseits, das Ausmaß körperlicher und sexueller Gewalterfahrungen bei Patientinnen niedergelassener Ärztinnen und Ärzten abzuschätzen und andererseits Aussagen zu Zusammenhängen mit somatischen, psychischen und psychosomatischen Beschwerdebildern zu treffen.
Viromes of Ten Alfalfa Plants in Australia Reveal Diverse Known Viruses and a Novel RNA Virus (2020)

Alfalfa plants in the field can display a range of virus-like symptoms, especially when grown over many years for seed production. Most known alfalfa viruses have RNA genomes, some of which can be detected using diagnostic assays, but many viruses of alfalfa are not well characterized. This study aims to identify the RNA and DNA virus complexes associated with alfalfa plants in Australia. To maximize the detection of RNA viruses, we purified double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for high throughput sequencing and characterized the viromes of ten alfalfa samples that showed diverse virus-like symptoms. Using Illumina sequencing of tagged cDNA libraries from immune-captured dsRNA, we identified sequences of the single-stranded RNA viruses, alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), bean leafroll virus, a new emaravirus tentatively named alfalfa ringspot-associated virus, and persistent dsRNA viruses belonging to the families <i>Amalgaviridae</i> and <i>Partitiviridae</i>. Furthermore, rolling circle amplification and restriction enzyme digestion revealed the complete genome of chickpea chlorosis Australia virus, a mastrevirus (family <i>Geminiviridae</i>) previously reported only from chickpea and French bean that was 97% identical to the chickpea isolate. The sequence data also enabled the assembly of the first complete genome (RNAs 1-3) of an Australian AMV isolate from alfalfa.
Excluded Volume Causes Integer and Fractional Plateaus in Colloidal Ratchet Currents (2014)

We study the collective transport of paramagnetic colloids driven above a magnetic bubble lattice by an external rotating magnetic field. We measure a direct ratchet current which rises in integer and fractional steps with the field amplitude. The stepwise increase is caused by excluded volume interactions between the particles, which form composite clusters above the bubbles with mobile and immobile occupation sites. Transient energy minima located at the interstitials between the bubbles cause the colloids to hop from one composite cluster to the next with synchronous and period doubled modes of transport. The colloidal current may be polarized to make selective use of type up or type down interstitials.
Mineral and Heavy Metal Composition of Oil Shale Ash from Oxyfuel Combustion (2020)

Oxyfuel combustion can reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from fossil fuels. Hence, it is currently being investigated for potential use in oil shale-fired power plants, which currently produce most of Estonia's electricity. Here, experiments were performed with kukersite oil shale for both oxyfuel and conventional combustion in a 60 kW<sub>th</sub> circulating fluidized bed combustor. In this paper, we provide data on the ash composition including mineral compositions and heavy metal concentrations. Oxyfuel conditions did not noticeably influence the concentrations of heavy metals in the ash but did have significantly lower amounts of free lime because of inhibition of the carbonate decomposition reactions. The results suggest that oxyfuel combustion would produce no significant problems in terms of the behavior of the ash or the fate of heavy metals contained in the ash.
A Survey on Recent Advances in Named Entity Recognition from Deep Learning models (2019)

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a key component in NLP systems for question answering, information retrieval, relation extraction, etc. NER systems have been studied and developed widely for decades, but accurate systems using deep neural networks (NN) have only been introduced in the last few years. We present a comprehensive survey of deep neural network architectures for NER, and contrast them with previous approaches to NER based on feature engineering and other supervised or semi-supervised learning algorithms. Our results highlight the improvements achieved by neural networks, and show how incorporating some of the lessons learned from past work on feature-based NER systems can yield further improvements.
handraislng the Lesser Vasa Parrot from day one (1989)

The genus Coracopsis contains two species, the lesser vasa (C. nigra) and the greater vasa (C. vasa). They are the least typical and, perhaps, also the least admired of all parrots because they are entirely dull grey. Only those who admire parrots for their personality or who are intrigued by their behaviour will appreciate the vasas. For me, they hold a fascination which is equalled by a few but not surpassed by any other genus. Vasas were almost unknown in captivity until the early 1980s. The lesser has been bred in captivity in four or five collections (at Chester Zoo in Britain and in private collections in Germany and Switzerland). I do not know of any published report of the breeding of the greater vasa and would be most interested to hear from anyone who has succeeded.
Indeno-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Versatile New Synthetic Route (2001)

Abstract Acylation of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) adjacent to a ring junction with 2-bromobenzoyl chloride followed by Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis (FVP) of the resulting bromoketone affords the corresponding indeno-annulated PAH. The new method is illustrated by syntheses of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (1) from pyrene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]fluoranthene (2) from fluoranthene. The formation of indeno[1,2,3,4-defg]chrysene (11) from FVP of 8-(2-bromobenzoyl)-fluoranthene (10), and as a secondary product from FVP of 3-(2-bromobenzoyl)fluoranthene (9), reveals the ability of phenyl groups to migrate around the periphery of a didehydro-PAH. Mechanisms involving reversible hydrogen atom transfers are proposed. Diacylation of fluoranthene with 2-bromobenzoyl chloride followed by FVP gives the previously unknown, nonplanar, nonalternant, C28H14 PAH diindeno[1,2,3,4-defg: 1,2,3-rs]chrysene (21) in just two steps. Key Words: PAHFlash Vacuum Pyrolysis (FVP)Aryl Radicals