gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New statin use and left ventricular structure: Estimating long‐term associations in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (2018)

In contrast to previous small studies, we found very modest associations between statin use and indices of left ventricular remodeling over 10 years in this prospective study of a diverse cohort.
Large Drop in U. S. Leaf Tobacco Exports to China (1936)

Other| January 29 1936 Large Drop in U. S. Leaf Tobacco Exports to China M. S. F. M. S. F. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Asian Survey (1965) 5 (3): 25–27. https://doi.org/10.2307/3022576 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. S. F.; Large Drop in U. S. Leaf Tobacco Exports to China. Asian Survey 1 March 1965; 5 (3): 25–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3022576 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A model for a better understanding of the digital distribution of music in a peer-to-peer environment (2003)

Emergence of P2P systems had an unquestionable impact on data and media interchange over the Internet, to the point of seriously challenging traditional actors of the music business field. Technical issues concerning the deployment of P2P networks are more or less well described; they rely on well-known transmission protocols and benefit from the mass-effect of Internet. But for the moment, the question of business viability of P2P chains of media diffusion is still open. This paper proposes a model to better understand and compare the different actors confronted to or exploiting this important technological change. The final objective of this model is to provide a better characterization of each actor's abilities, along with the impact of new technological opportunities (like P2P systems) on their respective activities. The proposed model is directly derived from the e-business model ontology developed by Osterwalder & Pigneur for characterization of value-chains in e-Business fields.
From Shifting Silt to Solid Stone: The Manufacture of Synthetic Basalt in Ancient Mesopotamia (1998)

Slabs and fragments of gray-black vesicular "rock," superficially resembling natural basalt but distinctive in chemistry and mineralogy, were excavated at the second-millennium B.C. Mesopotamian city of Mashkan-shapir, about 80 kilometers south of Baghdad, Iraq. Most of this material appears to have been deliberately manufactured by the melting and slow cooling of local alluvial silts. The high temperatures (about 1200 degreesC) required and the large volume of material processed indicate an industry in which lithic materials were manufactured ("synthetic basalt") for grinding grain and construction.
What is skipped: Finding desirable items in e-commerce search by discovering the worst title tokens (2017)

Given an ecommerce query, how well the titles of items for sale match the user intent is an important signal for ranking the items. A well-known technique for computing this signal is to use a standard machine-learned model that uses words as features, targets user clicks and predicts a score to rank the titles. In this paper, we introduce an alternate modeling technique that applies to queries that are frequent enough to have historical click data. For each such query we build a parameterized model of user behavior that learns what makes users skip a title. The parameters are different for each query. Specifically, our model predicts how desirable an item's title is to the user query by focusing on the worst tokens in the title. The model is learned offline using maximum likelihood based on user behavioral data, significantly improving query processing cost. The model's output score is used as a feature in a machine learned ranker for e-commerce search at eBay. Besides titles, the model design can easily incorporate any attribute of an item including structured content. In this scope, we present our new title desirability model built for nearly 8M queries recently deployed into the eBay search ecosystem and demonstrate its significant performance improvement over a baseline click-based Nïve Bayes model through different evaluation approaches including A/B testing and human judgment. The reported performance is based on eBays commercial search engine serving millions of queries each day.
Measurement of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates in aqueous environmental matrixes by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates in aqueous environmental matrixes by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detectionMark A. Castles, Billy L. Moore, and Susan R. WardCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 22, 2534–2540Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00197a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00197a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Predictive value of angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler for early‐ versus late‐onset pre‐eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (2007)

Angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler evaluation may be useful second-trimester screening tests for early-onset, but not late-onset, PE/IUGR.
Anti-HIV Activities of Novel Nucleoside Analogues: Acyclic and Tricyclic Base Nucleosides (1991)

Two series of new nucleoside derivatives, acyclic nucleosides and tricyclic base nucleosides, were screened for cellular toxicity and against HIV-1. Compounds were tested on MT4, MT2, U937 cell lines and PBMCs in multiwell tissue culture plates. Cells were infected in vitro with 2 TCID 50 /10 5 cells or 0.2 TCID 50 /10 5 cells of HIV-1-LAV-1. Two out of eight tricyclic derivatives showed little cytotoxicity; at 100μM, only two acyclic compounds exhibited cellular toxicity in U937 cells. In vitro, none of these 19 compounds demonstrated any efficient activity against the lentiviral HIV infection and replication. Furthermore, combinations of these acyclonucleosides with ddC or AZT did not inhibit HIV-1-LAV-1 replication additively or synergistically. Because acyclonucleosides did not induce any cytotoxic effect, other compounds of this family should be investigated.
A new technique for quality control in GPS kinematic positioning (2002)

Quality control of information acquired from GPS has become a prime concern to civil users in the field of kinematic positioning. This is mainly because GPS data is subject to blunders that, if left undetected, would significantly degrade the overall performance and threaten the accuracy, reliability and repeatability of the results. With the current revolutionary development of GPS-based navigation systems, quality control of GPS output has been extensively considered. Several tools, like Dilution of Precision measures (DOPs) and confidence regions, have been used to monitor the quality of GPS results. Also, various Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) techniques have been developed to serve as quality control flags to be raised if GPS measurements are identified as faulty or inconsistent. Therefore, The University of Calgary and Pulsearch Navigation Systems Inc. have recently developed and implemented a new quality control technique to be employed in real-time kinematic GPS or in post-mission processing. The new technique is a part of an integrated quality control system which employs various statistical tools to control the quality of input measurements and rigorously quantify the precision and accuracy of a solution as well as its reliability and repeatability. Using this new technique, kinematic system designers, GPS-based systems or otherwise, will be able to obtain a full visual real-time and post-mission representation of the quality of their system output with which valid decisions may be made regarding acceptance or rejection of the results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparative studies of Hb Lepore Boston, Hb A2, and Hb A. (1978)

Several functional tests were performed to compare Hb A, Hb A2, and Hb Lepore Boston, which has a delta-beta crossover in the region of residues 87 to 116. Oxygen equilibrium curves determined by an automatic apparatus in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, at 20 degrees showed that the p50 was 5.8 mm Hg for Hb Lepore Boston, in contrast to 8.1 and 10.3 mm Hg for Hb A2 and Hb A, respectively. The n values (Hill coefficinets) of Hb Lepore Boston and Hb A2 were slightly smaller than that of Hb A. The effect of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and inositolhexophosphate on the p50 of Hb Lepore Boston and Hb A2 was less than that on the p50 of Hb A. The molecular stability to mechanical shaking of Hb Lepore Boston and Hb A2 showed that the oxy forms of Hb Lepore Boston and Hb A2 denatured at a rate 3 times faster than that of Hb A. MetHb Lepore Boston was more unstable than MetHb A2 to mechanical shaking. These results indicate that, although the molecular stability of Hb Lepore Boston is more similar to that of Hb A2 than that of Hb A, the oxygen-binding properties of Hb Lepore differ from both Hb A and Hb A2.
Title: Alkaline Quinone Flow Battery (2015)

Storage of photovoltaic and wind electricity in batteries could solve the mismatch problem between the intermittent supply of these renewable resources and variable demand. Flow batteries permit more economical long-duration discharge than solid-electrode batteries by using liquid electrolytes stored outside of the battery. We report an alkaline flow battery based on redox-active organic molecules that are composed entirely of earth-abundant elements and are non-toxic, non-flammable, and safe for use in residential and commercial environments. The battery operates efficiently with high power density near room temperature. These results demonstrate the stability and performance of redox-active organic molecules in alkaline flow batteries, potentially enabling cost-effective stationary storage of renewable energy.
Ground penetrating radar for tunnel detection (2010)

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) systems have important civil and military applications and can be used for surveying subsurface structures such as bunkers, tunnels and buried pipes. However, GPR systems for detecting deep tunnels still face many challenges, and their performance often depends on soil types, specific targets and subsurface geological features. This paper discusses challenges in tunnel detection and provides a useful and efficient procedure to develop system requirements and predict detection performance.
Correlation properties of dual polarized antennas with finite pattern orthogonality in mobile fading channels (2007)

Abstract. Starting from planar broadband log.-per. antenna design, offering the possibility of dual-polarized reception properties, in this article a generalized mathematical approach for rapidly estimating the resulting signal correlation coefficient in a stochastically modeled propagation environment solely based on measured or simulated radiation characteristics of one single antenna element is presented. The obtained results are marking an upper limit and are describing the worst-case scenario according to the signal correlation at the antenna feeding points in terms of line-of-sight (LOS) reception in main beam direction. The knowledge of the derived relationship may be helpful especially for antenna designers to combine antenna performance values with the significant communication system performance parameters, as e.g. in case of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) and diversity configurations.
Comparison Study of Long-haul 100-Gb/s DDO-OFDM and CO-OFDM WDM Systems (2016)

In this paper, for the first time, the transmission performances of long-haul 100-Gb/s direct detection optical OFDM (DDO-OFDM) and coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems are compared by simulation. It provides specific guides for system parameter selection to get a high-performance and cost-effective OFDM WDM system. Specifically, the comparison involves three aspects: launched power is investigated to achieve better system performance; laser linewidth is numerically investigated to choose cost-effective laser; system dispersion tolerances with different laser linewidths are analyzed to further reveal the advantages and disadvantages of these two detecting methods, direct detection and coherent detection, in long-haul OFDM WDM system.
Application of Bessel beam for Doppler velocity estimation (1995)

Limited-diffraction beams have a large depth of field and could be applied to medical imaging, tissue characterization, and nondestructive evaluation of materials. This paper reports the application of limited-diffraction beams, specifically, the Bessel beam, to Doppler velocity estimation. The Bessel beam has the advantage that velocity estimation is less subject to the depth of moving objects and the Doppler spectrum has distinct shoulders that increase the accuracy of velocity (both magnitude and Doppler angle) estimation in noisy environments. The shoulders of the Doppler spectrum might also help in solving the inverse problem, e.g., estimation of the velocity distribution in vessels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Geothermal Exploration Best Practices, geophysical methods, seis- mic, geological interpretation (2013)

In seismic survey it is usage to split between acquisition, processing and geological interpretation. Inter- pretation is nowadays done with intensive use of computers and software. Some special processing steps as attrib- utes are regarded as part of the interpretation.
Racial Differences in Rate of Decline in Bone Mass in Older Men: The Baltimore Men's Osteoporosis Study (2005)

Older black men seem to lose bone mass at a slower rate than older white men. These differences in the rate of bone loss may account, in part, for the racial disparities in BMD and BMAD and risk of osteoporotic fractures among older men.
Maximizing Sequence-Submodular Functions and Its Application to Online Advertising (2021)

Motivated by applications in online advertising, we consider a class of maximization problems where the objective is a function of the sequence of actions and the running duration of each action. For these problems, we introduce the concepts of sequence-submodularity and sequence-monotonicity, which extend the notions of submodularity and monotonicity from functions defined over sets to functions defined over sequences. We establish that if the objective function is sequence-submodular and sequence-nondecreasing, then there exists a greedy algorithm that achieves [Formula: see text] of the optimal solution. We apply our algorithm and analysis to two applications in online advertising: online ad allocation and query rewriting. We first show that both problems can be formulated as maximizing nondecreasing sequence-submodular functions. We then apply our framework to these two problems, leading to simple greedy approaches with guaranteed performances. In particular, for the online ad allocation problem, the performance of our algorithm is [Formula: see text], which matches the best known existing performance, and for the query rewriting problem, the performance of our algorithm is [Formula: see text], which improves on the best known existing performance in the literature. This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization.
Response of NZB and NZB/NZW Spleen Cells to Mitogenic Agents (1970)

Abstract The in vitro response of pooled splenic lymphocytes from NZB, B/W, and C3H mice was studied to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), allogeneic cells and calf thymus DNA. There was no response to DNA by any of the three strains. Relative to C3H, the NZB cells were hyporeactive both to PHA and to allogeneic cells. The B/W mice were hyporesponsive to PHA and in three of eight experiments showed no response at all. However, they showed a consistent and vigorous response to C3H cells. This differential and disproportionate response to mitogens has been seen previously in humans with thymic dysplasia and in thymectomized animals. These studies showing a depressed in vitro response of lymphocytes lend support to the concept that New Zealand mice may have a relatively hypofunctioning thymus.
STABILITY OF GAS FLOW DISTRIBUTION AMONG PARALLEL HEATED CHANNELS (1965)

the duct surfaces on the temperature distribution and the heat transfer characteristics were investigated. An approximate method for calculating the radiant heat flux at the wall is presented, and the accuracy of the approximation was tested. (P.C.H.)
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation of 5‐Substituted Thieno(2,3‐b)furan‐2‐sulfonamides. (1990)

Abstract The preparation of the first representative (X) of the sulfonamides specified in the title is reported.
Impact of Consensus Papers versus Randomized Trials in Critical Care Nephrology (2020)

Seventeen ADQI consensus conference reports and 17 randomized trials were identified. ADQI reports received a similar number of citations per paper (median, interquartile range) compared to randomized trials (132, 54-228; vs. 159, 60-340, p = ns). Similarly, 10 (58.8%) ADQI reports and 10 randomized trials were cited >100 times. On average, ADQI reports appeared in journals with lower impact factors compared to clinical trials (5.4 ± 4.6 vs. 25.4 ± 27.1; p < 0.01). The median cost per citation (USD 2017) for ADQI reports was USD 606.01 compared to almost twice this figure, USD 1,182.59, for clinical trials on the same topics (p = 0.09). Despite being published in lower impact factor journals, consensus reports on topics in critical care nephrology, received similar citations to randomized controlled trials published the same year.
Does the ipso‐carbon chemical shift tell us anything about the structure of phenylated phosphorus compounds? (1991)

Abstract The nuclear magnetic resonance signals exhibited by the ipso ‐carbon atoms of a variety of phenylated phosphorus compounds were found to span over the remarkably wide range of + 162 to + 117 ppm. Nevertheless, these changes in chemical shifts have little diagnostic value. They are tentatively attributed to a charge‐mediated contraction and expansion of the C,P σ‐bond orbital on one hand and to a σ‐bond induced deformation of the aromatic π‐electron cloud on the other.
UCST Phase Transition of Azobenzene-Containing Random Copolymer in an Ionic Liquid (2011)

We present azobenzene-containing random copolymers exhibiting upper critical solution temperature (UCST) phase separation in an ionic liquid (IL). A series of well-defined random copolymers comprising N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and 4-phenylazophenyl methacrylate (AzoMA) were successfully prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, using S-1-dodecyl-S′-(α, α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid)trithiocarbonate as a RAFT agent. The UCST phase separation temperature depends on the photoisomerization state of azobenzene, as well as on the AzoMA composition in the random copolymers. Turbidity measurements of the random copolymers (P(AzoMA-r-NIPAm)s) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfone)amide ([C2mim][NTf2]) confirmed that the phase separation temperature of trans-azobenzene (P(trans-AzoMA-r-NIPAm) significantly increased, whereas that of P(cis-AzoMA-r-NIPAm) slightly decreased, with an increase in the composition of AzoMA in the copolymer. This result implies that nonpolar trans-AzoMA behaves as a solvato-phobic comonomer for the majority NIPAm monomer, whereas polar cis-AzoMA is relatively solvato-philic. The phase separation temperature difference between trans- and P(cis-(AzoMA29.1-r-NIPAm70.9) was as large as 43 °C. The triad sequence distribution of P(AzoMA-r-NIPAm) indicates that NIPAm copolymerization with AzoMA proceeds in a somewhat blocky manner. The trend of a significantly increasing phase separation temperature in P(trans-AzoMA-r-NIPAm) is qualitatively rationalized by the π–π stacking interaction among neighboring azobenzene side chains. Finally, a reversible photoinduced phase transition in an IL is demonstrated by utilizing the large phase separation temperature differences between the trans and the cis polymers in the IL.
Transcriptome Remodeling Contributes to Epidemic Disease Caused by the Human Pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (2016)

The confluence of studies of molecular events underlying pathogen strain emergence, evolutionary genetic processes mediating altered virulence, and epidemics is in its infancy. Although understanding these events is necessary to develop new or improved strategies to protect health, surprisingly few studies have addressed this issue, in particular, at the comprehensive population genomic level. Herein we establish that substantial remodeling of the transcriptome of the human-specific pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes by horizontal gene flow and other evolutionary genetic changes is a central factor in precipitating and perpetuating epidemic disease. The data unambiguously show that the key outcome of these molecular events is evolution of a new, more virulent pathogenic genotype. Our findings provide new understanding of epidemic disease.
Bacillus thuringiensis andBacillus sphaericus biopesticides production (2006)

The long residual action and toxicity of the chemical insecticides have brought about serious environmental problems such as the emergence and spread of insecticide resistance in many species of vectors, mammalian toxicity, and accumulation of pesticide residues in the food chain. All these problems have highlighted the need for alternative biological control agents. Entomo-pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bs) are two safe biological control agents. They have attracted considerable interest as possible replacements for the chemical insecticides. Although microbial insecticides based on Bt and Bs are available for use, their high cost makes large-scale application impracticable in developing countries. This review focuses on the economic production of these two microorganisms by submerged fermentation and solid state fermentation using agro-industrial by-products and other wastes.
USF1 defect drives p53 degradation during Helicobacter pylori infection and accelerates gastric carcinogenesis (2019)

Our data reveal that the depletion of USF1 and its de-localisation in the vicinity of cell membranes are essential events associated to the genotoxic activity of <i>Hp</i> infection, thus promoting gastric carcinogenesis. These findings are also of clinical relevance, supporting USF1 expression as a potential marker of GC susceptibility.