gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. DES 1,4‐DIHYDROPYRAZIN‐RINGSYST., EIN STABILER 8‐PI‐ELEKTRONEN‐HETEROCYCLUS (1972)

Abstract 2,3‐Diphenyl‐5,6‐dihydro‐pyrazin (II) liefert mit Säureanhydriden (III) anstelle von (I) die entsprechenden Tetrahydroverbindungen (IVa) und (IVb) sowie das Diphenyl‐pyrazin (V).
Visualizing the performance of parallel programs (1991)

ParaGraph, a software tool that provides a detailed, dynamic, graphical animation of the behavior of message-passing parallel programs and graphical summaries of their performance, is presented. ParaGraph animates trace information from actual runs to depict behavior and obtain the performance summaries. It provides twenty-five perspectives on the same data, lending insight that might otherwise be missed. ParaGraph's features are described, its use is explained, its software design is briefly discussed, and its displays are examined in some detail. Future work on ParaGraph is indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Equation-Based Optimization for Inductive Power Transfer to a Miniature CMOS Rectenna (2018)

This work presents an analytical approach for optimizing the single-ended (SE) and differential (DF) reader coils and miniature rectenna designs in near-field inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. In this design context, the appropriate operation frequency is in the gigahertz range, and the nonuniform current distribution on the reader coil and the radiation resistance must be considered and are included in this paper. Utilizing the rectenna miniaturization, the reader coil and the rectenna designs can be decoupled and their figure of merits (FOMs) are identified. The equation-based approach optimizes the IPT design rapidly, and the optimized reader-coil FOM and the optimized rectenna FOM, both plotted versus the IPT frequency, co-decide the optimal IPT frequency and the coil geometries for the highest RF-dc power transfer efficiency. The analytical method is verified by EM-simulation and measurement, and the DF reader coil topology is demonstrated to be more efficient than the commonly used SE coils. An optimized 2.2-mm IPT with a DF coil is realized at 4.8 GHz and significantly outperforms the previous works. Under a total RF power of 33.1 dBm, the CMOS rectenna, with a coil size of only 0.01 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , harvests the designed dc conditions of 1 V/0.1 mA.
Interferons inhibit syncytia-forming ability and in vitro transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus. (1985)

Interferon(IFN)-alpha and -beta strongly inhibited syncytia formation of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV). They also inhibited transmission of HTLV to normal human fibroblasts. These phenomena suggest a physiological role of IFNs in defense against HTLV infection.
Volcanic Ash‐Induced Decomposition of EB ‐ PVD Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 Thermal Barrier Coatings to Gd ‐Oxyapatite, Zircon, and Gd , Fe ‐Zirconolite (2013)

The resistance of EB ‐ PVD Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 thermal barrier coatings against high‐temperature infiltration and subsequent degradation by molten volcanic ash is investigated by microstructural analysis. At 1200°C, EB ‐ PVD Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 coatings with silica‐rich, artificial volcanic ash ( AVA ) overlay show a highly dynamic and complex recession scenario. Gd 2 O 3 is leached out from Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 by AVA and rapidly crystallizes as an oxyapatite‐type solid‐solution ( Ca , Gd ) 2 ( Gd , Zr ) 8 ( Si , Al ) 6 O 26 . The second product of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 decomposition is Gd 2 O 3 fully stabilized ZrO 2 ( Gd ‐ FSZ ). Both reaction products are forming an interpenetrating network filling open coating porosity. However, first‐generation Gd ‐oxyapatite and Gd ‐ FSZ are exhibiting chemical evolution in the long term. The chemical composition of Gd ‐oxyapatite does evolve from Ca , Zr enriched to Gd ‐rich. AVA continuously leaches out Gd 2 O 3 from Gd ‐ FSZ followed by destabilization to the monoclinic ZrO 2 polymorph. Finally, zircon ( ZrSiO 4 ) is formed. In addition to the prevalent formation of Gd ‐oxyapatite, a Gd‐ , Zr‐ , Fe‐ , and Ti ‐rich oxide is observed. From chemical analysis and electron diffraction it is concluded that this phase belongs
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF AN η5‐C5H5 COMPLEX INTO A CYCLOPENTADIENYLIDENE KETENE COMPLEX (1983)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Komplexes (I) mit hohen Konzentrationen an Trimethylphosphin liefert über den if‐CSHS‐Komplex (II) mit anschließender Methan‐Entwicklung den neuen n2‐CO‐Cyclopentadienyliden‐Komplex (III).
Dual‐Specificity Phosphatase 5 Attenuates Autoimmune Arthritis in Mice via Reciprocal Regulation of the Th17/Treg Cell Balance and Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis (2014)

The antiarthritic properties of DUSP-5 are associated with its reciprocal regulation of Th17 and Treg cells and its inhibition of ERK activity.
A new class of heterogeneous Pd catalysts for synthetic organic chemistry (2011)

A new series of leach-proof nanostructured Pd(0) catalysts able to catalyze a number of fundamental organic transformations including C–C bond formation has been developed. Reactions in general proceed with high yield and often at completion, while the catalysts can be reused in further reaction runs. This establishes a new class of relevant solid catalysts for synthetic organic chemistry trademarked SiliaCat Pd0 Hydrogel.
Numerical investigation of the main factor promoting chaotic power swing in a single‐machine, infinite‐bus power system model with the AVR (2002)

Abstract This paper presents numerical results on bifurcations and chaotic behavior in a fundamental power system model, a single‐machine infinite‐bus system model with generator excitation control by the first‐order lag AVR. The numerical analysis mainly focuses on revealing the parameter value region where the chaotic behavior is observed. It is shown that the partially linearized model, which is derived by linearizing all of the nonlinear elements except the AVR limiter, exhibits similar bifurcations and chaos. Several simulation results indicate that the mechanisms producing the chaotic behaviors and the bifurcations are the same both in the linearized model and in the original single‐machine infinite‐bus system model for parameter value variation which does not move the equilibrium point from the reference point used for the linearization. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 142(2): 21–28, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10090
Cumulative defects in DNA repair pathways drive the PARP inhibitor response in high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines (2016)

PARP inhibitors (PARPi), such as Olaparib, have shown promising results in high-grade serous (HGS) epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treatment. PARPi sensitivity has been mainly associated with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, but clinical trials have shown that predicting actual patient response is complex. Here, we investigated gene expression microarray, HR functionality and Olaparib sensitivity of 18 different HGS EOC cell lines and demonstrate that PARPi sensitivity is not only associated with HR defects. Gene target validation show that down regulation of genes in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and mismatch repair (MMR) pathways (ERCC8 and MLH1, respectively) increases PARPi response. The highest sensitivity was observed when genes in both the HR and either NER or MMR pathways were concomitantly down regulated. Using clinical samples, patients with these concurrent down regulations could be identified. Based on these results, a novel model to predict PARPi sensitivity is herein proposed. This model implies that the extreme responders identified in clinical trials have deficiencies in HR and either NER or MMR.
Multiple Sclerosis: Myeloperoxidase Immunoradiology Improves Detection of Acute and Chronic Disease in Experimental Model (2014)

Purpose To test if MPO-Gd, a gadolinium-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging probe that is sensitive and specific for the proinflammatory and oxidative enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO), which is secreted by certain inflammatory cells, is more sensitive than diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-Gd in revealing early subclinical and chronic disease activity in the brain in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods The protocol for animal experiments was approved by the institutional animal care committee. A total of 61 female SJL mice were induced with EAE. Mice underwent MPO-Gd– or DTPA-Gd–enhanced MR imaging on days 6, 8, and 10 after induction, before clinical disease develops, and during chronic disease at remission and the first relapse. Brains were harvested at these time points for flow cytometric evaluation of immune cell subtypes and immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was performed, and P < .05 was considered to indicate a significant difference. Results MPO-Gd helps detect earlier (5.2 vs 2.3 days before symptom onset, P = .004) and more (3.1 vs 0.3, P = .008) subclinical inflammatory lesions compared with DTPA-Gd, including in cases in which there was no evidence of overt blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown detected with DTPA-Gd enhancement. The number of MPO-Gd–enhancing lesions correlated with early infiltration of MPO-secreting monocytes and neutrophils into the brain (r = 0.91). MPO-Gd also helped detect more lesions during subclinical disease at remission (5.5 vs 1.3, P = .006) and at the first relapse (9.0 vs 2.7, P = .03) than DTPA-Gd, which also correlated well with the presence and accumulation of MPO-secreting inflammatory cells in the brain (r = 0.93). Conclusion MPO-Gd specifically reveals lesions with inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils, which actively secrete MPO. These results demonstrate the feasibility of detection of subclinical inflammatory disease activity in vivo, which is different from overt BBB breakdown. © RSNA, 2014 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
New Environmentally Sound Process Forms Thin and Thick Films (1991)

"New Environmentally Sound Process Forms Thin and Thick Films." Materials and Processing Report, 6(2), p. 3
Energy transfer processes related to the S-band transition in Tm (2005)

An energy transfer up-conversion process is observed in thulium-doped alumino-silicate fibres for Tm2O3 concentrations as low as 35 ppm-mol. This important mechanism to the 1470-nm gain band efficiency is studied with a simple model. (2 pages)
Ocular neuroprotection by siRNA targeting caspase-2 (2011)

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss after optic nerve damage is a hallmark of certain human ophthalmic diseases including ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) and glaucoma. In a rat model of optic nerve transection, in which 80% of RGCs are eliminated within 14 days, caspase-2 was found to be expressed and cleaved (activated) predominantly in RGC. Inhibition of caspase-2 expression by a chemically modified synthetic short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivered by intravitreal administration significantly enhanced RGC survival over a period of at least 30 days. This exogenously delivered siRNA could be found in RGC and other types of retinal cells, persisted inside the retina for at least 1 month and mediated sequence-specific RNA interference without inducing an interferon response. Our results indicate that RGC apoptosis induced by optic nerve injury involves activation of caspase-2, and that synthetic siRNAs designed to inhibit expression of caspase-2 represent potential neuroprotective agents for intervention in human diseases involving RGC loss.
A System for Automated Sight Model Acquisition and Extension - RADIUS. (1995)

Abstract : The goal of the Research and Development for Image Understanding Systems (RADIUS) project is to develop image understanding (IU) algorithms that support model-based aerial photo interpretation. This report, funded under a three-year contract to develop algorithms for automated geometric site modeling, describes research activities performed during the first year, October 1992 through October 1993. (KAR) p. 3
Very large antenna for low frequency space-borne SAR (2012)

The recent frequency allocations for space-borne radars in P band (432–438 MHz) have aroused the interest of the scientific community. Possible applications for radars operating in this frequency band range from ice sounding to biomass monitoring. Due to the low operational frequencies and accordingly long wavelengths, the required surface for a P-band radar antenna is in the order of 60 or more square meters. Such dimensions demand lightweight and robust mechanical structures, capable of a compact stowed volume in order to be compatible with small and low cost launchers. In the frame of the ESA contracts on Very Large Space Antenna Apertures and on Passive Subarray Technological Development, Thales Alenia Space studied and proposed an innovative architecture satisfying both the high performance requirements and the mechanical constraints. Several prototypes have also been manufactured and a test campaign validated the RF design.
Study on Possibility of Estimating Smartphone Inputs from Tap Sounds (2020)

Side-channel attacks occur on smartphone keystrokes, where the input can be intercepted by a tapping sound. Ilia et al. reported that keystrokes can be predicted with 61% accuracy from tapping sounds listened to by the built-in microphone of a legitimate user’s device. Li et al. reported that by emitting sonar sounds from an attacker smartphone’s built-in speaker and analyzing the reflected waves from a legitimate user’s finger at the time of tap input, keystrokes can be estimated with 90% accuracy. However, the method proposed by Ilia et al. requires prior penetration of the target smartphone and the attack scenario lacks plausibility; if the attacker’s smartphone can be penetrated, the keylogger can directly acquire the keystrokes of a legitimate user. In addition, the method proposed by Li et al. is a side-channel attack in which the attacker actively interferes with the terminals of legitimate users and can be described as an active attack scenario. Herein, we analyze the extent to which a user’s keystrokes are leaked to the attacker in a passive attack scenario, where the attacker wiretaps the sounds of the legitimate user’s keystrokes using an external microphone. First, we limited the keystrokes to the personal identification number input. Subsequently, melfrequency cepstrum coefficients of tapping sound data were represented as image data. Consequently, we found that the input is discriminated with high accuracy using a convolutional neural network to estimate the key input.
Inside the brush: partition by molecular weight in grafting to reactions from melt (2021)

A substantial partition by molecular weight takes place during the grafting to reactions.
The case against mercury (II) methylation by aquatic environmental methylsiloxanes (1988)

Abstract The literature relating to the methylation of mercury salts by methylsilicon species has been reviewed and critically assessed from the standpoint of potential ecological significance. The probability of such reactions occurring under any likely aquatic environmental conditions is shown to be extremely low. This conclusion is strongly reinforced by additional experiments in which water-soluble analogs of the methylsiloxanes (materials reportedly present as traces in some aquatic sediments) were shown to be completely unaffected by mercuric chloride at ambient laboratory temperatures. Few additional studies with other mercury salts (e.g., acetate or nitrate) or higher temperatures were performed because of their irrelevance to any likely aquatic environmental situation.
A Novel Enzyme Application for Corn Wet Milling (1988)

Abstract In corn wet milling the raw material is prepared by means of steeping. Steeping is required in order to: –obtain the valuable CSL (Corn Steep Liquor), –soften the kernel and break the cell walls. SO 2 is added to the steepwater to inhibit bacterial growth. Depending on the type of corn, the steeping time in a semi‐continuous steeping system varies from 36 to 60 h, which is substantially longer than all subsequent steps in the process. The corn comprises phytic acid, which to a large extent ends up in the CSL and constitutes an undesirable component. It has now been found that the problem caused by this phenomenon can be avoided by using phytic acid degrading enzymes during steeping. It has further been found, that by adding phytic acid degrading enzymes together with plant cell wall degrading enzymes to the steep liquor, the steeping time can be reduced considerably in a conventional steeping system and even further in a two stage steeping process, whereby the second steeping stage is carried out after course grinding. Also in case conventional steeping times are applied higher starch yields and lower energy consumption may be obtained.
Inherently poor survival of elderly patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2013)

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to determine the features of the elderly patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods The medical records of 212 patients with NPC, aged ≥65 years, and receiving radiotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Comorbidity was rated using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Results Twenty‐four patients (11.3%) scored ≥3 and 188 patients (88.7%) scored &lt;3 rated by CCI. The median actuarial irradiated dose of the nasopharynx was 72 Gy (range, 20–94 Gy) with 87.3% patients receiving &gt;70 Gy. One hundred fifty‐four patients had stage III/IV disease. The actuarial local control, cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) rates at 5 years were 68.8%, 63.5%, and 47.0%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, stage (hazard ratio [HR], 1.489; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.168–1.897; p = .001), the technique of radiotherapy (HR, 0.674; 95% CI, 0.476–0.953; p = .025), and anemia (HR, 3.081; 95% CI, 1.624–5.845; p = .001) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion The elderly patients with NPC may inherently predict poor outcomes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 771–776, 2015
Session Border Controller Virtualization Towards "Service-Defined" Networks Based on NFV and SDN (2013)

The promises of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) complemented with Software Defined Networking (SDN) can be simply stated as: get much more, pay much less. Adopting such paradigms, Service Operators expect to achieve high reductions in capital investments and greater operational agility. However, applying these concepts to existing networks will require challenging architectural updates, as well as deep changes in service models and operating procedures. To analyze such aspects, in this paper we provide an overview of the experience gathered at Italtel R&D labs in this field, and discuss state-of-the-art and future perspectives of these technologies. In particular, we describe how NFV was applied to a specific network function, the Session Border Controller, solving some related technical issues of general interest, and providing scalability and flexibility. Finally, we discuss the evolution of this virtualized network function, and its integration into an SDN-based network.
High-dielectric-constant all-polymer percolative composites (2003)

We report here an all-polymer high-dielectric (dielectric constant K&amp;gt;1000 at 1 kHz) percolative composite material, fabricated by a combination of conductive polyaniline particles (K&amp;gt;105) within a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) terpolymer matrix (K&amp;gt;50). These high-K polymer hybrid materials also exhibit high electromechanical responses. For example, 1.5% strain, which is proportional to the square of the field applied, can be induced by a field of 9.5 MV/m, an eightfold reduction in field applied compared with that in a fluoroterpolymer matrix.
TRUSS: Tracking Risk with Ubiquitous Smart Sensing (2012)

We present TRUSS, or Tracking Risk with Ubiquitous Smart Sensing, a novel system that infers and renders safety context on construction sites by fusing data from wearable devices, distributed sensing infrastructure, and video. Wearables stream real-time levels of dangerous gases, dust, noise, light quality, altitude, and motion to base stations that synchronize the mobile devices, monitor the environment, and capture video. At the same time, low-power video collection and processing nodes track the workers as they move through the view of the cameras, identifying the tracks using information from the sensors. These processes together connect the context-mining wearable sensors to the video; information derived from the sensor data is used to highlight salient elements in the video stream. The augmented stream in turn provides users with better understanding of real-time risks, and supports informed decision-making. We tested our system in an initial deployment on an active construction site.
ChemInform Abstract: A Solid‐Phase Combinatorial Method for the Synthesis of Novel 5‐ and 6‐ Membered Ring Lactams. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Twisted waveguides for particle accelerator applications (2009)

A novel microwave device for accelerating charged particles based on twisted waveguide is presented. Twisted guides support slow-wave TM modes whose phase velocity could reach the speed of light c. The axial electric field in these structures can travel synchronously with the particles to achieve nearly uniform acceleration in a traveling-wave topology. The advantages of using twisted guides over conventional RF accelerating cavities are discussed. We present two types of twisted accelerating structures, one analogous to the well-known disk-loaded accelerating structure, and the other analogous to the popular elliptical (or TESLA-type) accelerating geometry. The propagation characteristics of these two structures are considered, and prototypes are made to experimentally validate our theoretical results.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective NHC‐Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Alkylarylketenes with β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketophosphonates. (2013)

Abstract A substrate‐depending diastereoselectivity is observed which provides predominantly the syn products from γ‐aryl α‐ketophosphonates of type (II) and (VII).
Vortex flow characteristics of high-T c flux flow transistors (1994)

High-Tc superconducting flux flow transistors were fabricated from thin films of coevaporated YBaCuO. The vortex flow characteristics of the devices were experimentally investigated. The flow velocity of a vortex along a channel was measured from the applied magnetic field dependence of the I-V characteristics. It is 3.6–6.9×105 m/s when the bias current is 3–6 mA. This value is of the same order as that of a Josephson vortex flowing along a barrier region in a super-normal-super junction, and more than three orders of magnitude larger than that in type-II metal superconducting thin films.