gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of Alternative Catalysts and Analysis Methods for Biodiesel Production (2017)

This project aims to develop a cost efficient process for biodiesel production and can be divided in three main components: 1) production of biodiesel from a variety of fuel stocks using liquid morpholine as catalyst; 2) production of biodiesel using a homogeneous phase transfer catalyst; and 3) development of a method for using Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) to determine the extent of conversion of oil to biodiesel. The production of biodiesel from various fuel stocks in the presence of methanol using liquid morpholine as catalyst reduces the problems related to purification of the biodiesel since morpholine can be recovered by distillation. Furthermore the use of two homogeneous phase transfer catalyst, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and choline hydroxide (CH), was evaluated. The advantage of using these catalysts is that it allows for a better separation between the fuel and glycerin, thus additionally simplifying the purification procedure. Finally, this project endeavored to develop a way to use FT-IR to determine the purity of biodiesel samples obtained since FT-IR is faster and more readily available than the standard method of gas chromatographic analysis. For educational applications, a calibration curve was created by comparing data on the purity of biodiesel samples obtained from the GC-FID analysis to the ratio of the absorbances at 1197 cm-1 to 1166 cm-1 from the FT-IR spectrum. For field application, a similar method was developed using a portable IR spectrometer. The data collected gave a good linear fit for % purity of the samples versus absorbance ratio.
Characterization of Plaque Components With Intravascular Ultrasound Elastography in Human Femoral and Coronary Arteries In Vitro (2000)

Different strain values are found between fibrous, fibro-fatty, and fatty plaque components, indicating the potential of intravascular elastography to distinguish different plaque morphologies.
Temporal profile summarization and indexing for surveillance videos (2014)

Surveillance videos are recorded continually and the retrieval of such videos currently still relies on human operators. Automatic retrieval has not reached a satisfactory accuracy. As an intermediate representation, this work develops multiple original temporal profiles of video to convey accurate temporal information in the video while keeping certain spatial characteristics. These are effective methods to visualizes surveillance video contents efficiently in a 2D temporal image, suitable for indexing and retrieving a large video database. We are aiming to provide a compact index that is intuitive and preserves most of the information in the video in order to avoid browsing extensive video clips frame by frame. By considering some of the properties of static surveillance videos, we aim at accentuating the temporal dimension in our visualization. We have introduced our framework as three unique methods that visualize different aspects of a surveillance video, plus an extension to non-static surveillance videos. In our first method "Localized Temporal Profile", by knowing that most surveillance videos are monitoring specific locations, we try to emphasize the other dimension, time, in our solution. we focus on describing all the events only in critical locations of the video. In our next method "Multi-Position Temporal Profile", we generate an all-inclusive profile that covers all the events in the video field of view. In our last method "Motion Temporal Profile" we perform in-depth analysis of scene motion and try to handle targets with non-uniform, non-translational motion in our temporal profile. We then further extend our framework by loosening the constraint that the video is static and including cameras with smooth panning motion as such videos are widely used in practice. By performing motion analysis on the camera, we stabilize the camera to create a panorama-like effect for the video, allowing us to utilize all of the aforementioned methods. The resulting profiles allows temporal indexing to each video frame, and contains all spatial information in a continuous manner. It also shows the actions and progress of events in the temporal profile. Flexible browsing and effective manipulation of videos can be achieved using the resulting video profiles.
Streptococcal bacteriocins and the case for Streptococcus salivarius as model oral probiotics (2009)

Members of the Gram-positive bacterial genus Streptococcus are a diverse collection of species inhabiting many body sites and range from benign, nonpathogenic species to those causing life-threatening infections. The streptococci are also prolific producers of bacteriocins, which are ribosomally synthesized proteinaceous antibiotics that kill or inhibit species closely related to the producer bacterium. With the emergence of bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics, there is an impetus to discover, and implement, new and preferably 'natural' antibiotics to treat or prevent bacterial infections, a niche that bacterial interference therapy mediated by bacteriocins could easily fill. This review focuses on describing the diversity of bacteriocins produced by streptococci and also puts forth a case for Streptococcus salivarius, a nonpathogenic and numerically predominant oral species, as an ideal candidate for development as the model probiotic for the oral cavity. S. salivarius is a safe species that not only produces broad-spectrum bacteriocins but harbors bacteriocin-encoding (and bacteriocin-inducing) transmissible DNA entities (megaplasmids).
Release isentrope measurements with the LLNL electric gun (1987)

The liquid-vapor coexistence boundary is not well known for most metals because the extreme conditions near the critical point create severe experimental difficulties. The isentropes passing through the liquid-vapor region typically begin from rather large pressures on the Hugoniot. We are attempting to use the high velocities achievable with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) electric gun to obtain these extreme states in aluminum and measure the release isentropes by releasing into a series of calibrated standards with known Hugoniots. To achieve large pressure drops needed to explore the liquid-vapor region, we use argon gas for which Hugoniots have been calculated using the ACTEX code, as one of the release materials.
Type elaboration and subtype completion for Java bytecode (2001)

Java source code is strongly typed, but the translation from Java source to bytecode omits much of the type information originally contained within methods. Type elaboration is a technique for reconstructing strongly typed programs from incompletely typed bytecode by inferring types for local variables. There are situations where, technically, there are not enough types in the original type hierarchy to type a bytecode program. Subtype completion is a technique for adding necessary types to an arbitrary type hierarchy to make type elaboration possible for all verifiable Java bytecode. Type elaboration with subtype completion has been implemented as part of the Marmot Java compiler.
Network time synchronization in a safe automation network (2008)

Today there is a great request of using automation networks in safety critical environments. Thus, such systems used in industrial and building automation have been enhanced with safety features derived from strict safety requirements specified in IEC 61508.
In-fibre and fibre-compatible acousto-optic components (1994)

Acousto-optics has been shown to be a powerful and versatile means of controlling and modulating laser radiation in bulk components. We discuss the fibre-optic and fibre-compatible versions of components such as the Bragg cell, together with general design rules for such components and illustrate by describing some recent work at the Optoelectronics Research Centre.
Abstract 14880: Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Compared to Cystatin C and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Risk Stratification of Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome (2011)

Background: Early and adequate risk stratification is essential in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In these patients renal impairment reflected by estimated glomerular filtra...
Performance Analysis of Wallace Tree Multiplier with Kogge Stone Adder using 15-4 Compressor (2019)

The major role of electronics device is to provide low power dissipation and compact area with high speed performance. Among the major modules in digital building blocks system, multiplier is the most complex one and main source of power dissipation. Approximate Computing to multiplier design plays major role in electronic applications, like multimedia by providing fastest result even though it possesses low reliability. In this paper, a design approach of 16bit Wallace Tree approximate multiplier with 15-4 compressor is considered to provide more reliability. The 16×16 Wallace tree multiplier is synthesized and simulated using Xilinx ISE 14.5 software. The multiplier occupies about 15% of total coverage area. The dissipated power and delay of the multiplier are 0.042μw, 3.125ns respectively.
Presynaptic P1‐purinoceptors in jejunal branches of the rabbit mesenteric artery and their possible function. (1988)

1. Excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) evoked by nerve stimulation with fifteen pulses at 1 Hz were recorded from smooth muscle cells of the rabbit isolated mesenteric artery. The effects of P1-purinoceptor agonists and antagonists, as well as of substances which interfere with the inactivation of endogenous adenosine, were tested. 2. Adenosine and its analogues depressed the EJPs in the train in a concentration-dependent manner. The percentage inhibition of the first EJP and that of the later ones was similar; some early EJPs, however, were inhibited more markedly. The rank order of potency of the agonists was (-)-N6-(R-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine (R-PIA) congruent to 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) greater than (+)-N6-(S-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine (S-PIA) greater than adenosine. The respective IC40 values (the concentrations producing 40% inhibition of the first EJP in the train) were 0.018, 0.028, 0.83 and 4.7 mumol/l. 3. Three methylxanthines, namely 8-phenyltheophylline (1, 10 mumol/l), 8-cyclopentyltheophylline (0.1, 1 mumol/l) and 8-(p-sulphophenyl)-theophylline (100 mumol/l), antagonized the effect of R-PIA (0.1 mumol/l). When given alone they also enhanced the amplitudes of all EJPs in the train. The percentage facilitation of the first EJP and that of the later ones was similar. Some early EJPs, however, were potentiated more markedly. 8-Phenyltheophylline was less potent than 8-cyclopentyltheophylline both in preventing the action of R-PIA and in enhancing the EJPs. A concentration (100 mumol/l) of 8-(p-sulphophenyl)-theophylline, which strongly antagonized the R-PIA effect, produced only a moderate facilitation of EJPs. 4. S-(p-nitrobenzyl)-6-thioguanosine (10 mumol/l) both depressed the EJPs, and enhanced the inhibitory effect of adenosine. Adenosine deaminase (10 micrograms/ml) caused some potentiation of EJPs; this action was prevented by a concentration (10 mumol/l) of deoxycoformycin, which had no effect of its own. AH21-132 (10 mumol/l) enhanced all EJPs in the train. 5. None of the above substances influenced the resting membrane potential of the smooth muscle cells. In addition, R-PIA (0.1 mumol/l) did not change the depolarization induced by noradrenaline (3 mumol/l). 6. We suggest that the axon terminals of postganglionic sympathetic neurones in the rabbit mesenteric artery possess P1-purinoceptors of the A1-type. The activation of these presynaptic receptors by endogenous adenosine may inhibit the release of the main neuroeffector transmitter, which is probably ATP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Peak to average power ratio reduction in sub-carrier Index modulated OFDM using selective mapping (2017)

Sub-carrier Index modulated OFDM is an innovative technique that has recently gained popularity in the area of visible light communication. The technique is meritorious in that it offers a better BER performance than conventional OFDM, but it still suffers from high CCDF of PAPR distribution as in conventional case. In this paper an experimental study for a novel method of SIM OFDM modified with selective mapping of phase sequences is presented. The method efficiently reduces PAPR without any BER degradation. The performance of technique is evaluated in terms of BER and CCDF.
Antibody production by mice infected with selected murine oncogenic agents (1968)

The capacity of mice with experimentally induced neoplasias to respond immunologically to influenza and coxsackie viruses, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and sheep erythrocytes was investigated. Data are presented which indicate that antibody synthesis was suppressed by prior or concomitant infections from Friend or Rauscher virus. Both the primary and secondary immune responses were impaired by the leukemogenic process. Antibody production by mice bearing sarcoma 180 was unaffected. The diminished capacity of the infected mice to synthesize antibody became apparent within a week or two after infection. Antibody suppression was demonstrated by a variety of procedures. The persistence of preexisting antibody was unaffected by subsequent infection with a leukemogenic agent.
Surfactants as Green Inhibitors for Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steels (2004)

Abstract Recently sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and some other surfactants have been shown to be promising inhibitors for the pitting corrosion of stainless steels and aluminum alloys in chloride media. In the present research, the effect of other compounds such as multivalent metal cations and other surfactants on the pitting inhibition of 304 stainless steel by SDS was investigated to determine its inhibition behavior in relevant mixed systems. It was shown that calcium ion increased the pitting inhibition efficiency of SDS. The efficiency increase was attributed to the increased SDS adsorption in the presence of calcium. Cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC) was also found to improve the pitting inhibition efficiency of SDS. It was proposed that DTAC complexes with SDS through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, leading to higher adsorption of the surfactants. Nonionic surfactant octylphenol ethylene oxide (Triton-X-100) was not able to enhance the pitting inhibition by SDS. At high concentrations, Triton-X-100 even reduced the inhibition efficiency of SDS. The decreased inhibition efficiency is possibly due to decreased SDS adsorption density and/or less protective adsorption layer with the addition of Triton-X-100.
[Energy requirements of children and adolescents]. (2010)

Energy cost of growth is one of the most important components of Energy Requirements (ER) for children and adolescents. According to the latest research: ER was calculated as adding another 8.6 kJ (2 kcal) for each gram of weight gain during growth. In the 2004 FAO/WHO/UNU report on human energy requirements, which used the data from doubly labeled water (DLW) and heart rate monitoring (HRM) method, proposed the latest daily energy requirements for children and adolescents (1-18 years of age). This article introduces the advances in recent years on the energy requirements of children and adolescents.
Physical and chemical characterization of coal. Final report, May 1978-January 1980 (1980)

The report describes an automated scanning electron microprobe method of analyzing sulfur forms and mineral matter in coal. The microprobe is used to measure the spatial distribution of a number of elements (including Fe, S, Si, Al, Ca, and K) on a scale where individual grains can be observed. These data are then analyzed to extract the following information: organic sulfur concentration; mineral sulfur concentration; total sulfur concentration; major mineral concentrations, including Al2O3, SiO2, K2O, and CaCO3; and stoichiometry of iron sulfide, FeSx. The procedure is fully automated: all of the above information is obtained on a 200 mg coal sample in less than 15 minutes. Sulfur forms and total sulfur were reproducible to within 0.1 wt%. In addition, estimates of the pyrite particle size for two coals were obtained from the spatial distribution of the Fe and S data, and these estimates are compared with the results of a washability study. A commercial elemental analyzer, evaluated for use in determining nitrogen in coal, gave results that were reproducible and accurate to within 3%.
3D Printed Hollow-Core Terahertz Optical Waveguides with Hyperuniform Disordered Dielectric Reflectors (2017)

Novel hollow-core THz waveguides featuring hyperuniform disordered reflectors are proposed, fabricated, and characterized. The results confirm that proposed waveguide exhibit sizable photonic band gaps (20%) even when relatively low refractive index contrast used (resin/air).
High throughput testing of drug library substances and monoclonal antibodies for capacity to reduce formation of cystatin C dimers to identify candidates for treatment of hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy (2011)

We constructed a simple high-throughput system for testing the capacity of drugs and monoclonal antibodies to reduce the in vitro formation of cystatin C dimers and several candidates for treatment of HCCAA could be identified.
Transitioning from a COMS‐based plaque brachytherapy program to using eye physics plaques and plaque simulator treatment planning system: A single institutional experience (2023)

The aim of this work is to describe the implementation and commissioning of a plaque brachytherapy program using Eye Physics eye plaques and Plaque Simulator treatment planning system based on the experience of one institution with an established COMS-based plaque program. Although commissioning recommendations are available in official task groups publications such as TG-129 and TG-221, we found that there was a lack of published experiences with the specific details of such a transition and the practical application of the commissioning guidelines. The specific issues addressed in this paper include discussing the lack of FDA approval of the Eye Physics plaques and Plaque Simulator treatment planning system, the commissioning of the plaques and treatment planning system including considerations of the heterogeneity corrected calculations, and the implementation of a second check using an FDA-approved treatment planning system. We have also discussed the use of rental plaques, the analysis of plans using dose histograms, and the development of a quality management program. By sharing our experiences with the commissioning of this program this document will assist other institutions with the same task and act as a supplement to the recommendations in the recently published TG-221.
Image Mining: A New Approach for Data Mining (1998)

We introduce a new focus for data mining, which is concerned&#13;\nwith knowledge discovery in image databases. We expect all&#13;\naspects of data mining to be relevant to image mining but in&#13;\nthis first work we concentrate on the problem of finding&#13;\nassociations. To that end, we present a data mining algorithm&#13;\nto find association rules in 2-dimensional color images. The&#13;\nalgorithm has four major steps: feature extraction, object&#13;\nidentification, auxiliary image creation and object mining.&#13;\nOur algorithm is general in that it does not rely on any type&#13;\nof domain knowledge. A synthetic image set containing&#13;\ngeometric shapes was generated to test our initial algorithm&#13;\nimplementation. Our experimental results show that image&#13;\nmining is feasible. We also suggest several directions for&#13;\nfuture work in this area.
Slope dependence of self-similar structure and entrainment in gravity currents (2022)

Results from seven direct and large-eddy simulations of gravity currents on slopes ranging from 0.14 $^{\circ }$ to 2.86 $^{\circ }$ that span from the subcritical to the supercritical regime are studied. By considering a long domain, attention is focused on the near-self-similar state approached by these currents far downstream. In the self-similar limit, the various shape factors, local Richardson number, entrainment coefficient, velocity scale and basal drag coefficient reach a constant value, while the current height, volume and momentum fluxes continue to increase linearly. Their dependence on slope is presented.
Characteristics of the Web of Spain (2005)

The Web is a massive and interlinked collection of documents, built using a decentralized design to encourage the participation of many authors who publish information through a huge number of Web sites. Its characteristics are the result of the interaction between many organizations and individuals, and those interactions generate a large amount of diversity. This diversity means that several different topics are represented on the Web, and at the same time that the overall quality of pages and Web sites is very variable. The Web is very dynamic and is growing at a very fast pace, and even when some of its properties have been studied, there are several characteristics of it that are still not fully known. This article reports the results of an in-depth study over a large collection of Web pages. On September and October 2004 we downloaded more than 16 million Web pages from about 300,000 Web sites from the Web of Spain. We show the characteristics of this collection at three different granularity levels: Web pages, sites and domains. For each level, we analyze contents, links, and technologies, and present statistics and models. We found that some of the characteristics of this collection resemble the ones of the Web at large, while others are specific to the Web of Spain, or have not been studied in the past.
Narcotic Analgesic Effects on The Sphincter of Oddi: A Review of The Data and Therapeutic Implications in Treating Pancreatitis (2001)

Narcotic-induced increases in phasic wave frequency interfere with SO filling and are responsible for the increase in bile duct pressure seen on the initial studies. No studies directly compare the effects of meperidine or morphine on SO manometry and no comparative studies exist in patients with acute pancreatitis. No outcome-based studies comparing these drugs have been performed in patients with acute pancreatitis. Morphine may be of more benefit than meperidine by offering longer pain relief with less risk of seizures. No studies or evidence exist to indicate morphine is contraindicated for use in acute pancreatitis.
La certificación en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (2011)

Realizar trabajo en equipo es la clave para generar un ambiente de calidad en el Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, con acciones responsables a traves de la implantacion de un sistema de seguridad y de una excelente atencion; asi se plasma la politica de calidad que cada uno de sus integrantes brinda, al implantar un sistema de seguridad y una excelente atencion, formacion e investigacion. Las ventajas que se deben cumplir en el INNN durante este proceso son: Demostrar que se cumplen estandares que tienen como referencia la seguridad de los pacientes, la calidad de la atencion medica, la seguridad hospitalaria, la normatividad vigente (exceptuando aquella referente a las finanzas) y las politicas nacionales prioritarias en salud. Evidenciar el compromiso con la mejora continua que se tiene con el paciente, su familia, el personal de la Unidad y la sociedad. Reforzar la imagen institucional, ya que la certificacion, al ser una evaluacion externa, demuestra a los pacientes, familiares y a la ciudadania, que su organizacion trabaja con estandares de la mas alta calidad. Probar que el INNN es competitivo internacionalmente.
Abnormalities of the deep medullary white matter veins: MR imaging findings. (1997)

Abnormalities of the deep medullary white matter veins: MR imaging findings.D P FriedmanAudio Available | Share