gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital synthesis of speech and music (1970)

Electronic music has developed in response to sophisticated music listeners' desire for change. The seeds of change arose in the symphonic music of Stravinsky, Schönberg, and von Webern before World War I. Some excellent early analog music was composed by Badings and Varèse at Philips in 1958 and is reproduced on the associated stereo disk. Good digital computer music was composed on the IBM 7090 at the Bell Telephone Laboratories about 1960. An example by Mathews and a 1969 composition on a third-generation computer by Risset is demonstrated. The electronic evolution is affecting the symphonic repertoire and popular music. This paper also discusses and demonstrates recent advances in speech synthesis, including speech analysis and synthesis by the cepstrum method and speech synthesis from printed words by a new process developed in the Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Management strategies and 5-year outcomes in Polish patients with stable coronary artery disease in the CLARIFY registry versus other European countries (2019)

INTRODUCTION An international registry of ambulatory patients with stable coronary artery disease (CLARIFY) allows a comparison of management and outcomes in real‑life setting. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the management strategies and 5‑year outcomes in patients from Poland and from other European countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS Stable coronary artery disease was defined as previous myocardial infarction (MI) or revascularization, coronary stenosis greater than 50%, or documented symptomatic myocardial ischemia. Patients were followed on an annual basis for 5 years. RESULTS Among the total of 32 703 patients, 1000 were enrolled in Poland, and 17 326 in other European countries. Polish patients were younger, with a higher proportion of women, smokers, and patients with previous MI, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Patients in both cohorts received adequate medical treatment, with more Polish patients receiving β‑blockers. Blood pressure and lipid control to target was similar and remained low in both cohorts. Diabetes control and successful smoking cessation rates were lower in Poland than in other European countries. Polish patients more often underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. All‑cause (8.5% vs 7.9%; P = 0.81) and cardiovascular death rates (5.3% vs 4.9%; P = 0.82) did not differ between the groups, but fatal or nonfatal MI occurred more often in the Polish cohort (5% vs 3.1%; P = 0.006). Angina control was better in Poland than in other European countries (Canadian Cardiovascular Society class II-IV, 11.5% vs 15.8% of patients; P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Risk factor control was insufficient both in patients from Poland and in those from other European countries. The more frequent use of revascularization in Polish patients was not linked to improved outcomes, but, together with more extensive prescription of β‑blockers, might have contributed to better angina control.
Hamiltonian Dynamics of Saturated Elongation in Amyloid Fiber Formation (2020)

Elongation is a fundament process in amyloid fiber growth, which is normally characterized by a linear relationship between the fiber elongation rate and the monomer concentration. However, in high concentration regions, a sub-linear dependence was often observed, which could be explained by a universal saturation mechanism. In this paper, we modeled the saturated elongation process through a Michaelis-Menten like mechanism, which is constituted by two sub-steps -- unspecific association and dissociation of a monomer with the fibril end, and subsequent conformational change of the associated monomer to fit itself to the fibrillar structure. Typical saturation concentrations were found to be $7-70μM$ for A$β$40, $α$-synuclein and etc. Furthermore, by using a novel Hamiltonian formulation, analytical solutions valid for both weak and strong saturated conditions were constructed and applied to the fibrillation kinetics of $α$-synuclein and silk fibroin.
Functional Imaging and Treatment of Tumors with New Fluorescent Proteins (2019)

Fluorescent proteins in combination with fluorescence imaging technologies offer unique opportunities to explore cancer. Using new fluorescent proteins, we developed methodologies for in vivo monitoring of different functional processes in mouse tumor models and for tumor treatment.
Single-cell Regulatory Heterogeneities in Basal-like Breast Epithelia (2016)

Many biological measurements assume all the cells in a population are identical. However, no two cells are identical. How cell variation, or heterogeneity, influences biological outcomes is unclear. Cellular heterogeneity has been correlated with poorer prognoses in cancer, suggesting that heterogeneity plays a role in the progression of the disease. Understanding the role of heterogeneity is limited by the ability to identify which genes and proteins are different in the tumor population. In this Dissertation, we build and extend computational tools to identify and quantify heterogeneously regulated genes. We apply these approaches to understand the role of heterogeneity in basal-like breast cancer, the most lethal form of breast cancer. We begin by designing a computational algorithm to quantify geometric properties of three-dimensional breast cancer spheroid in vitro assays. We use the quantitative characteristics to identify inter-cell line and intra-cell line differences in spheroid morphology. Furthermore, we use the approach to quantify the extent of heterogeneity present in basal-like breast cancer cell lines. Next, we build molecular and agent-based models to explain the heterogeneity we observe in a biomarker protein, JUND. These models helped us to understand what the triggers and consequences of JUND heterogeneity were in breast epithelial spheroids. Last, we build a statistical model of sampling to obtain single-cell level gene expression information from population measurements. We use this approach to globally quantify the frequency of cells expressing different transcriptional programs at an elevated level. We identified one gene (PIK3CD) that was rarely expressed, but critical to normal spheroid development. In Part II of this thesis, we identified a heterogeneously expressed ligand, growth-differentiation factor 11 (GDF11). GDF11 has not been implicated in normal or pathologic breast biology. In this Dissertation, we discover that GDF11 improves the morphology of normal breast and breast cancer spheroids. We identify SMAD4 and ID2 as molecular mediators of GDF11 treatment. GDF11 blocks the ability of basal-like breast cancer cells to establish tumors in a xenograft model, suggesting the loss of GDF11 function could play a role in the progression of human basal-like breast cancer. Strikingly, we observe that human basal-like breast cancers have a defect in secretion of GDF11. This intracellular sequestration of a tumor suppressive ligand presents a new way in which cancer cells inactivate tumor suppressors.
АНАТОМИЧЕСКИЕ ВАРИАНТЫ АРТЕРИАЛЬНОГО РУСЛА ВЕРХНЕЙ ТРЕТИ БЕДРА (2008)

It has been established by means of anatomical investigations on 57 corpses of adult persons that the branches of the femoralartery anastomose extensively with the vessels of the adjacent areas. An essential role in the blood supply of the upper onehird of the femur is played by the subperiosteal branches of the medial andlateral circumflex femoral arteries and the ascending subperiosteal branches of the first perforating femoral artery.
Free‐radical retrograde‐precipitation polymerization process (1992)

Abstract In this article, we present a newly discovered polymerization process, called the freeradical retrograde‐precipitation polymerization (FRRPP) process, that is shown to have certain desirable features not normally found in free‐radical polymerization processes. Here, free radical polymerization occurs with an unusual but widely applicable polymer precipitation phenomenon. Local heating is observed in the vicinity of the radical sites, which results in the controlled rate of propagation with a decrease in the rate of radical–radical termination reactions. In the case experiments, the existence of hot spots in the reactor fluid is shown to occur. There is also evidence of slowdown of the growth of polymer radicals after initiator decomposition. The polymer radicals, shown to have a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution, continue to grow at a controlled rate long after all the initiator molecules have decomposed. The addition of a second monomer results in the formation of a thermoplastic elastomer triblock copolymer. © 1992 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Sex Differences in Peripheral Augmentation Index and Arterial Reservoir Pressure during Upper Limb Postural Shifts (2014)

We examined the peripheral hemodynamic response to passive arm postural changes in young men and women. Radial artery pulse waveforms were captured using applanation tonometry in 20 men (age 27 ± 2 yrs, BMI 25 ± 1 kg/m 2 ) and 20 women (age 27 ± 2 yrs, BMI 23±1 kg/m 2 ). Arm position was maintained at either heart level or supported 14 cm above/below heart level in a randomized fashion. Systolic augmentation index (sAIx) and diastolic augmentation index (dAIx) were used as estimates of pressure from wave reflections arriving in systole and diastole, respectively. A novel reservoir-wave separation technique was used to obtain arterial reservoir pressure (pressure generated by arterial capacitance). Women showed a significant reduction in radial diastolic pressure-time integral (DPTI) (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) and reservoir pressure (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>), with no change in peripheral sAIx (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) or dAIx (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) when moving the arm from below to above heart level. Conversely, men showed an attenuated change in radial DPTI (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) concomitant with significant increases in reservoir pressure (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>), sAIx (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>), and dAIx (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>). Gravity-mediated changes in regional hemodynamics produced by passive arm postural shifts are sex specific. Men demonstrate less change in regional diastolic pressure concomitant with increased augmentation index and arterial reservoir pressure.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 1‐AMINOALKANE‐1,1‐DIPHOSPHONIC ACIDS WITH NITROUS ACID (1980)

Abstract Die nach Literaturangaben hergestellten Titelverbindungen (II) reagieren mit salpetriger Säure zu den Hydroxy‐Derivaten (I).
Supplementation with vitamin A reduces watery diarrhoea and respiratory infections in Mexican children (2007)

Previous clinical vitamin A trials have found no consistent effect on diarrhoeal disease and respiratory tract infection. These inconsistent results may be due to the distinct effects vitamin A supplementation has among children stratified by factors related to socio-economic status, nutritional status and season. We evaluated the effect of supplementation on the overall incidence of diarrhoeal disease and respiratory tract infections and on the incidence among children stratified by these factors. A total of 188 children, aged 6-15 months, from periurban, marginalized communities of Mexico City were assigned to receive vitamin A ( < 12 months of age, 20,000 IU retinol; >or= 12 months, 45,000 IU retinol) or a placebo every 2 months, and were followed for up to 15 months. Project personnel visited households twice a week to determine the onset and duration of diarrhoeal disease and respiratory tract infections. Vitamin A supplementation had no significant effect on risk of overall diarrhoeal disease but reduced mild watery diarrhoea (incidence rate ratio (RR) 0.69; 95 % CI 0.50, 0.93) and cough with fever (RR 0.69; 95 % CI 0.48, 0.98). Vitamin A supplementation decreased diarrhoeal disease during the summer (RR 0.74; 95 % CI 0.57, 0.94), among non-stunted children (RR 0.69; 95 % CI 0.52, 0.93) and among children from households with better socio-economic measures. Heterogeneity in the response to vitamin A supplementation may reflect heterogeneity in the aetiology and epidemiology of diarrhoeal disease and respiratory tract infections and the impact that supplementation has on the immune response.
Comparative genomics analyses indicate differential methylated amine utilization trait within members of the genus Gemmobacter (2021)

Methylated amines are ubiquitous in the environment and play a role in regulating the earth's climate via a set of complex biological and chemical reactions. Microbial degradation of these compounds is thought to be a major sink. Recently we isolated a facultative methylotroph, Gemmobacter sp. LW-1, an isolate from the unique environment Movile Cave, Romania, which is capable of methylated amine utilization as a carbon source. Here, using a comparative genomics approach, we investigate how widespread methylated amine utilization is within members of the bacterial genus Gemmobacter. Seven genomes of different Gemmobacter species isolated from diverse environments, such as activated sludge, fresh water, sulphuric cave waters (Movile Cave) and the marine environment were available from the public repositories and used for the analysis. Our results indicate that methylamine utilization is a distinctive feature of selected members of the genus Gemmobacter, namely G. aquatilis, G. lutimaris, G. sp. HYN0069, G. caeni and G. sp. LW-1 have the genetic potential while others (G. megaterium and G. nectariphilus) have not.
Phase II study of arsenic trioxide and ascorbic acid for relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies: a Wisconsin Oncology Network study (2008)

Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) has established clinical activity in acute promyelocytic leukaemia and has pre-clinical data suggesting activity in lymphoid malignancies. Cell death from As(2)O(3) may be the result of oxidative stress. Agents which deplete intracellular glutathione, such as ascorbic acid (AA), may potentiate arsenic-mediated apoptosis. This multi-institution phase II study investigated a novel dosing schedule of As(2)O(3) and AA in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies. Patients received As(2)O(3) 0.25 mg/kg iv and AA 1000 mg iv for five consecutive days during the first week of each cycle followed by twice weekly infusions during weeks 2-6. Cycles were repeated every 8 weeks. The primary end point was objective response. In a subset of patients, sequential levels of intracellular glutathione and measures of Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during treatment. Seventeen patients were enrolled between March 2002 and February 2004. The median age was 71, and the majority of enrolled patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (12/17). Sixteen patients were evaluable, and one patient with mantle cell lymphoma achieved an unconfirmed complete response after five cycles of therapy for an overall response rate of 6%. The trial, which had been designed as a two-stage study, was closed after the first stage analysis due to lack of activity. Haematologic toxicities were the most commonly reported events in this heavily pre-treated population, and comprised the majority of grade 3 and 4 toxicities. Intracellular depletion of glutathione was not consistently observed during treatment. As(2)O(3) and AA in this novel dosing strategy was generally well tolerated but had limited activity in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancies.
Somatostatin‐ and neuropeptide Y‐like immunoreactivity in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig (1992)

With the principal aim of providing baseline observations for future experimental studies, the distribution of somatostatin-like and neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivities is described in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) and compared with the distribution described in other mammals. Intensely stained somatostatin-like immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were present throughout the region, with highest densities in the dentate hilus, stratum radiatum and stratum oriens of the hippocampal regio inferior, stratum oriens of the hippocampal regio superior, and in the subicular cell layer. Somatostatin-like immunoreactive terminals were represented by both stained fibers and stained puncta. Scattered somatostatin-like immunoreactive nerve fibers were seen in most areas, but regular fiber plexuses were present in the dentate molecular layer and dentate hilus, stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, and in the subicular plexiform layer. Somatostatin-like immunoreactive puncta were seen in the dentate molecular layer, stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, and in the subicular plexiform layer. Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were less numerous than somatostatin-like immunoreactive ones. They were mainly seen in the dentate granule cell layer and dentate hilus, stratum radiatum and stratum oriens of the hippocampus, and in the subicular cell layer. Intensely stained neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive fibers were numerous, and present in all areas examined. They formed fiber plexuses in the dentate molecular layer and dentate hilus, stratum moleculare of the hippocampal regio superior, and in the subicular plexiform layer. Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive puncta were present in the dentate molecular layer, stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, and in the subicular plexiform layer. Consistent and very characteristic variation in the distribution of somatostatin-like and neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity was found along the septotemporal axis of the hippocampus. The distribution of somatostatin-like and neuropeptide Y-like neurons and terminals in the domestic pig displayed striking similarities with the basic pattern of organization of these neuropeptides in other species, although more subtle species-specific characteristics were also observed in the pig.
Hyperthermic effect on exponential and plateau ascites tumor cells in vitro dependent on environmental pH1. (1977)

Colony formation of tumor cells obtained from asynchronous exponential and plateau growth PNJ ascites tumors were studied after hyperthermic treatment (42/sup 0/C) at pH 6.4 and 7.2 under normal oxygen tension. The study revealed that at pH 7.2 plateau cells were more sensitive to heat than exponential cells. A pronounced increase in hyperthermic cell killing of exponential cells was found when the pH was changed from 7.2 to 6.4. Also, plateau cells were more sensitive to heat at pH 6.4 then at 7.2 but the relative decrease in cell survival was considerably less than in exponential cells. At pH 6.4 the plateau cells were still slightly more sensitive to heat than similarly treated exponential PNJ cells. Thus, an essential cause of the different effect of moderate hyperthermia on cells from exponential and plateau growth PNJ ascites tumors seems to be the different environment acidity but the possibility of a slightly increased heat sensitivity of plateau phase cells per se cannot be excluded.
Geometric Correspondence Network for Camera Motion Estimation (2018)

In this paper, we propose a new learning scheme for generating geometric correspondences to be used for visual odometry. A convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with a recurrent neural network (RNN) are trained together to detect the location of keypoints as well as to generate corresponding descriptors in one unified structure. The network is optimized by warping points from source frame to reference frame, with a rigid body transform. Essentially, learning from warping. The overall training is focused on movements of the camera rather than movements within the image, which leads to better consistency in the matching and ultimately better motion estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better results than both related deep learning and hand crafted methods. Furthermore, as a demonstration of the promise of our method we use a naive SLAM implementation based on these keypoints and get a performance on par with ORB-SLAM.
YANG Model Classification (2015)

The YANG [RFC6020] data modeling language is currently being
considered for a wide variety of applications throughout the
networking industry at large. Many standards defining organizations,
open source projects, and vendors are using YANG to develop and
publish models of configuration, state data and operations for a wide
variety of applications. At the same time, there is currently no well-
known terminology to categorize various types of YANG models. A
consistent terminology would help with the categorization of models,
assist in the analysis the YANG data modeling efforts in the IETF and
other organizations, and bring clarity to the YANG-related discussions
between the different groups. This document describes a set of
concepts and associated terms to support consistent classification of
YANG models.
Inflammatory state does not affect the antiplatelet efficacy of potent P2Y12 inhibitors in ACS (2020)

Inflammation leads to atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We performed a prospective, observational study to assess association between the concentrations of inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, hsCRP; high sensitivity interleukin6, hsIL-6; soluble CD40 ligand, sCD40 L) and platelet reactivity in 338 patients with ACS treated with ticagrelor and prasugrel. We also assessed whether hsCRP, hsIL-6, and sCD40 L are associated with standard inflammatory markers (white blood cell [WBC] and fibrinogen), and whether they differ according to patient diabetic status and pre-treatment with statins. Concentrations of hsCRP and concentrations of hsIL-6 and sCD40 L were assessed using turbidimetric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Platelet reactivity was measured using multiple electrode aggregometry. There was only a weak inverse correlation between hsIL-6 and platelet reactivity (r≤-0.125). In contrast, concentration of hsIL6 and hsCRP positively correlated with WBC and fibrinogen (r ≥ 0.199). Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was associated with higher concentration of hsIL-6 (<i>p</i> = .014), whereas pre-treatment with statins - with lower concentration of hsIL-6 (<i>p</i> = .035). In conclusion, inflammatory state does not affect the antiplatelet efficacy of potent P2Y12 inhibitors in the acute phase of ACS, confirming the safety and efficacy of potent P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with a high inflammatory burden.