gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relevance of the Core 70 and IL-28B polymorphism and response-guided therapy of peginterferon alfa-2a - ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C of Genotype 1b: a multicenter randomized trial, ReGIT-J study Shuhei NishiguchiHirayuki EnomotoNobuhiro AizawaHiroki Nishikawa • Yukio OsakiYasuhiro TsudaKazuhide HiguchiKazuichi OkazakiToshihito Seki • Soo Ryang KimYasushi HongoHisato JyomuraNaoshi NishidaMasatoshi Kudo (2013)

Background We conducted a multicenter randomized clinical trial to determine the optimal treatment strategy against chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) with genotype 1b and a high viral load (G1b/high). Methods The study subjects included 153 patients with G1b/high. Patients were initially treated with PEG-IFNa2a alone and then randomly assigned to receive different treatment regimens. Ribavirin (RBV) was administered to all patients with HCV RNA at week 4. Patients negative for HCV RNA at week 4 were randomly assigned to receive PEG-IFNa-2a (group A) or PEG-IFNa-2a/RBV (group B). Patients who showed HCV RNA at week 4 but were negative at week 12 were randomly assigned to receive weekly PEG-IFNa-2a (group C) or biweekly therapy (group D). Patients who showed HCV RNA at week 12 but were negative at week 24 were randomly assigned to receive PEG-IFNa-2a/RBV (group E) or PEG-IFNa-2a/RBV/ fluvastatin (group F). Results Overall, the rate of sustained virological response (SVR) was 46 % (70/153). The total SVR rate in the group (A, D, and F) of response-guided therapy was significantly higher than that in the group (B, C, and E) of conventional therapy [70 % (38/54) versus 52 % (32/61), p = 0.049]. Although IL28-B polymorphism and Core 70 mutation were significantly associated with efficacy, patients with rapid virological response (RVR) and complete early virological response (cEVR) achieved high SVR rates regardless of their status of IL-28B polymorphism and Core 70 mutation. Conclusion In addition to knowing the IL-28B polymorphism and Core 70 mutation status, understanding the likelihood of virological response during treatment is critical in determining the appropriate treatment strategy.
Chasing Lions: Co-Designing Human-Drone Interaction in Sub-Saharan Africa (2020)

Drones are an exciting technology that is quickly being adopted in the global consumer market. Africa has become a center of deployment with the first drone airport established in Rwanda and drones currently being used for applications such as medical deliveries, agriculture, and wildlife monitoring. Despite this increasing presence of drones, there is a lack of research on stakeholders' perspectives from this region. We ran a human-drone interaction user study (N=15) with experts from several sub-Saharan countries using a co-design methodology. Participants described novel applications and identified important design aspects for the integration of drones in this context. Our results highlight the potential of drones to address real world problems, the need for them to be culturally situated, and the importance of considering the social aspects of their interaction with humans. This research highlights the need for diverse perspectives in the human-drone interaction design process.
Ordered Recruitment: Gene-Specific Mechanism of Transcription Activation: Gene-Specific Mechanism of Transcription Activation (2002)

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been available for most patients in developed world, HIV/AIDS has become a chronic disorder with dramatic reduction in mortality and morbidity due to HIV/AIDS and related diseases. However, from the nationwide survey of HIV-related neurological complications and analysis of our series of total 290 AIDS patients before and after HAART introduction, main neurological complications and opportunistic infections of AIDS patients remain unchanged after the introduction of HAART in Japan. It is crucial that we let a people know that the prevention and treatment of HIV infection is impotant. Recent epidemiological studies show that neurological complications still remain in an important cause of disability, although their relative incidence as their course and clinical presentation have been modified. It is expected that the clinical features of HIV encephalopathy will change particularly from severe subacute progressive dementia in the terminal stage of HIV infection into different patterns of dementia, for example slowly progressive neurological deficits occurring without immune deficiency under HAART.
Kinesitherapy: One of the most important aspects of medical rehabilitation (2005)

Kinesitherapy includes active and passive exercises. Active exercises are divided into: active exercises with assistance, without assistance and active exercises with resistance. INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS: Kinesitherapy is applied in almost all medical branches in numerous pathological conditions, as well as a method of prevention. Practically, there are no absolute contraindications, and relative are extremely rare.
Unsupervised Singing Voice Separation Using Gammatone Auditory Filterbank and Constraint Robust Principal Component Analysis (2018)

This paper presents an unsupervised singing voice separation algorithm which using an extension of robust principal component analysis (RPCA) with rank-1 constraint (CRPCA) based on gammatone auditory filterbank on cochleagram. Unlike the conventional algorithms that focus on spectrogram analysis or its variants, we develop an extension of RPCA on cochleagram using an alternative time-frequency representation based on gammatone auditory filterbank. We also apply time-frequency masking to improve the results of separated low-rank and sparse matrices by using CRPCA method. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve better separation performance on MIR-IK dataset.
Moderate stress by cardiac pacing may induce both short term and long term cardioprotection (1993)

The results suggest that brief periods of rapid pacing induce both short term and long term cardioprotection, as shown by reduced electrophysiological and haemodynamic consequences of subsequent pacing periods. Endogenous prostanoids might play a role in the short term cardioprotection.
Oxidoreduction between Cycloalkanols and Cycloalkanones in the Cultured Cells of Nicotiana tabacum. Simulation of the Time-courses in the Oxidation of (+)-Borneol and the Reduction of (−)-Carvomenthone (1987)

Abstract The time-courses in the oxidation of (+)-borneol and the reduction of (−)-carvomenthone in the cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum were simulated on the basis of the permeability of 5- to 7-membered cycloalkanols and their corresponding cycloalkanones into the cultured cells and the 13C NMR chemical shift of the carbonyl carbon of (+)-camphor which is the oxidation product of (+)-borneol and (−)-carvomenthone which is a substrate for the reduction, respectively.
Tegaserod, a 5‐HT 4 receptor partial agonist, accelerates gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in healthy male subjects (2001)

In healthy subjects, tegaserod markedly accelerated gastric emptying and small intestinal transit, and induced a small but significant acceleration of colonic transit. Tegaserod can act as a promotile agent throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
LSD1/KDM1A inhibitors in clinical trials: advances and prospects (2019)

Histone demethylase LSD1 plays key roles during carcinogenesis, targeting LSD1 is becoming an emerging option for the treatment of cancers. Numerous LSD1 inhibitors have been reported to date, some of them such as TCP, ORY-1001, GSK-2879552, IMG-7289, INCB059872, CC-90011, and ORY-2001 currently undergo clinical assessment for cancer therapy, particularly for small lung cancer cells (SCLC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This review is to provide a comprehensive overview of LSD1 inhibitors in clinical trials including molecular mechanistic studies, clinical efficacy, adverse drug reactions, and PD/PK studies and offer prospects in this field.
Theobroma cacao: Review of the Extraction, Isolation, and Bioassay of Its Potential Anti-cancer Compounds. (2016)

Plants have been a good source of therapeutic agents for thousands of years; an impressive number of modern drugs used for treating human diseases are derived from natural sources. The Theobroma cacao tree, or cocoa, has recently garnered increasing attention and become the subject of research due to its antioxidant properties, which are related to potential anti-cancer effects. In the past few years, identifying and developing active compounds or extracts from the cocoa bean that might exert anti-cancer effects have become an important area of health- and biomedicine-related research. This review provides an updated overview of T. cacao in terms of its potential anti-cancer compounds and their extraction, in vitro bioassay, purification, and identification. This article also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques described and reviews the processes for future perspectives of analytical methods from the viewpoint of anti-cancer compound discovery.
Characterization of Upper-Troposphere Water Vapor Measurements during AFWEX Using LASE (2004)

Abstract Water vapor mass mixing ratio profiles from NASA's Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (LASE) system acquired during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)–First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE) Water Vapor Experiment (AFWEX) are used as a reference to characterize upper-troposphere water vapor (UTWV) measured by ground-based Raman lidars, radiosondes, and in situ aircraft sensors over the Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in northern Oklahoma. LASE was deployed from the NASA DC-8 aircraft and measured water vapor over the ARM SGP Central Facility (CF) site during seven flights between 27 November and 10 December 2000. Initially, the DOE ARM SGP Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) Raman lidar (CARL) UTWV profiles were about 5%–7% wetter than LASE in the upper troposphere, and the Vaisala RS80-H radiosonde profiles were about 10% drier than LASE between 8 and 12 km. Scaling the Vaisala water vapor profiles to match the precipitable water vapor (PWV) measured by the ARM SGP microwave radiometer (MWR) did not change these results significantly. By accounting for an overlap correction of the CARL water vapor profiles and by employing schemes designed to correct the Vaisala RS80-H calibration method and account for the time response of the Vaisala RS80-H water vapor sensor, the average differences between the CARL and Vaisala radiosonde upper-troposphere water vapor profiles are reduced to about 5%, which is within the ARM goal of mean differences of less than 10%. The LASE and DC-8 in situ diode laser hygrometer (DLH) UTWV measurements generally agreed to within about 3%–4%. The DC-8 in situ frost point cryogenic hygrometer and Snow White chilled-mirror measurements were drier than the LASE, Raman lidars, and corrected Vaisala RS80H measurements by about 10%–25% and 10%–15%, respectively. Sippican (formerly VIZ Manufacturing) carbon hygristor radiosondes exhibited large variabilities and poor agreement with the other measurements. PWV derived from the LASE profiles agreed to within about 3% on average with PWV derived from the ARM SGP microwave radiometer. The agreement between the LASE and MWR PWV and the LASE and CARL UTWV measurements supports the hypotheses that MWR measurements of the 22-GHz water vapor line can accurately constrain the total water vapor amount and that the CART Raman lidar, when calibrated using the MWR PWV, can provide an accurate, stable reference for characterizing upper-troposphere water vapor.
Beta-hydroxyaspartic acid in the first epidermal growth factor-like domain of protein C. Its role in Ca2+ binding and biological activity. (1988)

Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent regulator of blood coagulation. It has beta-hydroxyaspartic acid in position 71 which is in the first of its two domains that are homologous to epidermal growth factor (EGF). This region has recently been demonstrated to have a Ca2+ binding site with a Kd of approximately 100 microM. Recombinant human protein C, expressed in mammalian tissue culture, had full biological activity and contained beta-hydroxyaspartic acid. Furthermore, it had a Ca2+-dependent epitope in the EGF-like domain, recognized by a monoclonal antibody. In contrast, a mutant recombinant human protein C in which beta-hydroxyaspartic acid had been replaced with glutamic acid in position 71 did not have the Ca2+-dependent epitope, and its biological activity was reduced to about 10% of normal. Fab' fragments of this antibody inhibited the anticoagulant activity of plasma-derived activated protein C, apparently by interfering with the interaction between activated protein C and its cofactor, protein S. The latter contains four tandemly arranged EGF homology domains. We propose that beta-hydroxyaspartic acid is directly involved in Ca2+ binding in protein C and in related proteins and that protein C interacts with protein S by means of its EGF homology regions.
Detection of malaria antigens in urine, using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay: preliminary study. (1984)

Les echantillons sont pris chez des sujets atteints de paludisme a Plasmodium falciparum et Plasmodium vivax dans la phase aigue et 2 semaines apres le traitement avec succes. La possible application future de l'isolement d'antigenes du paludisme dans l'urine pour le diagnostic des infections paludeennes, specialement au cours d'enquetes epidemiologiques et pour le suivi du traitement, est discutee
The Genome Sequence of the Leaf-Cutter Ant Atta cephalotes Reveals Insights into Its Obligate Symbiotic Lifestyle (2011)

Leaf-cutter ants are one of the most important herbivorous insects in the Neotropics, harvesting vast quantities of fresh leaf material. The ants use leaves to cultivate a fungus that serves as the colony's primary food source. This obligate ant-fungus mutualism is one of the few occurrences of farming by non-humans and likely facilitated the formation of their massive colonies. Mature leaf-cutter ant colonies contain millions of workers ranging in size from small garden tenders to large soldiers, resulting in one of the most complex polymorphic caste systems within ants. To begin uncovering the genomic underpinnings of this system, we sequenced the genome of Atta cephalotes using 454 pyrosequencing. One prediction from this ant's lifestyle is that it has undergone genetic modifications that reflect its obligate dependence on the fungus for nutrients. Analysis of this genome sequence is consistent with this hypothesis, as we find evidence for reductions in genes related to nutrient acquisition. These include extensive reductions in serine proteases (which are likely unnecessary because proteolysis is not a primary mechanism used to process nutrients obtained from the fungus), a loss of genes involved in arginine biosynthesis (suggesting that this amino acid is obtained from the fungus), and the absence of a hexamerin (which sequesters amino acids during larval development in other insects). Following recent reports of genome sequences from other insects that engage in symbioses with beneficial microbes, the A. cephalotes genome provides new insights into the symbiotic lifestyle of this ant and advances our understanding of host-microbe symbioses.
Acoustical evaluation of a prototype sector-vortex phased-array applicator (1992)

A prototype sector-vortex phased-array applicator for ultrasound hyperthermia was constructed and acoustically evaluated. The array transducer consists of special lead-titanate ceramic elements of 16 sectors and two tracks attached on a element is driven by a complementary pair of power MOSFETs at 750 kHz. An annular focal field approximated by the Mth order Bessel function is theoretically predicted to be formed when the array elements are driven with a phase distribution that rotates M (</=8) times per rotation along a track. A 3-D acoustic field measurement system was constructed using a multichannel membrane hydrophone, and fields from the prototype transducer were measured at various drive modes in water. The measured multidimensional field patterns agree well with theoretical predictions at each mode. Focal acoustic power from the transducer was also measured at various drive modes by deflection of a plate located in the focal region. It is demonstrated that the applicator is capable of producing focal acoustic power at the level required for hyperthermia.
Lack of Cell Cycle Inhibitor p21 and Low CD4+ T Cell Suppression in Newborns After Exposure to IFN-β (2021)

Type I IFNs, such as interferon alpha and interferon beta, are key regulators of the adaptive immune response during infectious diseases. Type I IFNs are induced upon infection, bind interferon α/β receptors on T-cells and activate intracellular pathways. The activating and inhibitory consequences of type I IFN-signaling are determined by cell type and cellular environment. The neonatal immune system is associated with increased vulnerability to infectious diseases which could partly be explained by an immature CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell compartment. Here, we show low IFN-β-mediated inhibition of CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell proliferation, phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and cytokine production in human newborns compared to adults. In addition, both naïve and total newborn CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells are unable to induce the cell-cycle inhibitor p21 upon exposure to IFN-β in contrast to adults. The distinct IFN-β-signaling in newborns provides novel insights into T cell functionality and regulation of T cell-dependent inflammation during early life immune responses.
Pond treatment and effluent reuse of sewage from an oil production site in an arid coastal environment (2003)

A pond system consisting of two lines each of an anaerobic followed by facultative and maturation ponds is used to treat site sewage from oil and gas production operations in an arid coastal environment. The performance of the pond system was evaluated together with the suitability of treated effluent for reuse in local irrigation. Effluent from the pond system by-and-large satisfies criteria for irrigation of non-food crop plants with respect to chemical parameters. The primary problem is coliform bacteria levels which are an order of magnitude higher than preferred values. First-order decay rate constants for each pond were calculated from a mass balance model that assumes complete mixing and incorporates the considerable evaporation that occurs in this setting. While the anaerobic ponds of both lines exhibit suitable performance, rate calculations indicate that the facultative and maturation ponds of the East Line are performing better than the West. A tracer study of the facultative and maturation ponds indicates that some short-circuiting is occurring in the West Line. A field experiment of coliform transport in irrigated soil gives indications of short- and long-term risks associated with reuse of the effluent.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF BENT BONDS. XLVI. METATHESIS. DIENE AND CYCLOBUTANE INTERCONVERSIONS (1976)

Abstract Während das Dien (I) in Gegenwart eines 1:1‐Komplexes aus PhWCl 3 und AlCl 3 zum polycyclischen Produkt (II) umgesetzt wird, sind die Diene (IV) unter diesen Bedingungen stabil.
Pd-catalysed asymmetric mono- and bis-alkoxycarbonylation of vinylarenes (2008)

The asymmetric alkoxycarbonylation of vinylarenes catalysed by palladium complexes bearing chiral phosphine ligands has attracted much attention over the last decades. The products of both mono- and bis(alkoxycarbonylation) reactions are important intermediates in the syntheses of pharmaceuticals such as 2-arylpropionic acids, the most important class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this article, a general overview of the topics will be presented and the recent advances in this field will be particularly detailed. Besides the term alkoxycarbonylation, hydroesterification and hydroalkoxycarbonylation are also used in the literature to describe this reaction. Furthermore, more specific terms such as methoxycarbonylation can be found. In this report, the term alkoxycarbonylation will be used as the general term, and specific terms will be used to unambiguously define which reaction is meant.
Phenology-Based Classification of Crop Fields Using Cross-Correlation: A Case Study (2021)

We investigated the use of phenological information extracted from satellite imagery in accurate crop classification. Vegetation indices (VI) extracted from Sentinel-2 imagery are capable to track the vegetation development through the year and from them the phenological profile can be retrieved and introduced into a multi-temporal automatic classification process to detect crop fields and to discriminate among different crop species. The matching and discrimination between phenology was evaluated by means of cross-correlation. Our case study is the Narok county located within the Great Rift Valley of Kenya.
The role of physical environment on student health and education in green schools (2011)

The role of physical school environment on student health and education is becoming better understood. A growing body of literature indicates that improved physical environments in schools (e.g., indoor air quality, lighting, and acoustic conditions) can enhance student health outcomes. In parallel, the green building movement centers around designing buildings, including schools, that are more sustainable to decrease energy consumption, minimize environmental impact, and create healthier spaces for occupants. This paper synthesizes the findings from both green design studies and school outcomes studies to provide a systematic evaluation of the potential impacts of green school design features on student health outcomes. Three inter-related topics are covered in detail: (i) overview of the "green" concept, including existing guidelines for "greening" schools, attitudes toward green schools, and condition of the physical environments in non-green schools; (ii) potential effects of the physical environment on school children, including documentation of national statistics and summary of findings from school research studies; (iii) synthesis of findings, including a discussion of the knowledge gaps in the field of green school research and conclusions.
Mode of action and human relevance assessment of male CD‐1 mouse renal adenocarcinoma associated with lifetime exposure to empagliflozin (2022)

Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious approach to support managing Type 2 diabetes. In the 2-year carcinogenicity study with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in CD-1 mice, an increased incidence of renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas was identified in the male high-dose group but was not observed in female mice. An integrated review of available nonclinical data was conducted to establish a mode-of-action hypothesis for male mouse-specific tumorigenesis. Five key events were identified through systematic analysis to form the proposed mode-of-action: (1) Background kidney pathology in CD-1 mice sensitizes the strain to (2) pharmacology-related diuretic effects associated with SGLT2 inhib ition. (3) In male mice, metabolic demand increases with the formation of a sex- and species-specific empagliflozin metabolite. These features converge to (4) deplete oxidative stress handling reserve, driving (5) constitutive cellular proliferation in male CD-1 mice. The proposed mode of action requires all five key events for empagliflozin to present a carcinogenicity risk in the CD-1 mouse. Considering that empagliflozin is not genotoxic in the standard battery of genotoxicity tests, and not all five key events are present in the context of female mice, rats, or humans, nor for other osmotic diuretics or other SGLT2 inhibitors, the observed male mouse renal tumors are not considered relevant to humans.
Table TS1 from Intertumoral Differences Dictate the Outcome of TGF-β Blockade on the Efficacy of Viro-Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. List of antibodies used for flow cytometric analysis.&lt;/p&gt;