gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Convective dissolution of carbon dioxide in two- and three-dimensional porous media: The impact of hydrodynamic dispersion (2022)

Convective dissolution is the process by which CO2 injected in geological formations dissolves into the aqueous phase and thus remains stored perennially by gravity. It can be modeled by buoyancy-coupled Darcy flow and solute transport. The transport equation should include a diffusive term accounting for hydrodynamic dispersion, wherein the effective diffusion coefficient is proportional to the local interstitial velocity. We investigate the impact of the hydrodynamic dispersion tensor on convective dissolution in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) homogeneous porous media. Using a novel numerical model, we systematically analyze, among other observables, the time evolution of the fingers' structure, dissolution flux in the quasi-constant flux regime, and mean concentration of the dissolved CO2; we also determine the onset time of convection, ton. For a given Rayleigh number Ra, the efficiency of convective dissolution over long times is controlled by ton. For porous media with a dispersion anisotropy commonly found in the subsurface, ton increases as a function of the longitudinal dispersion's strength (S), in agreement with previous experimental findings and in contrast to previous numerical findings, a discrepancy that we explain. More generally, for a given strength of transverse dispersion, longitudinal dispersion always slows down convective dissolution, while for a given strength of longitudinal dispersion, transverse dispersion always accelerates it. Furthermore, a systematic comparison between 2D and 3D results shows that they are consistent on all accounts, except for a slight difference in ton and a significant impact of Ra on the dependence of the finger number density on S in 3D.
Approaches to Computationally Efficient Implementation of Gain Governors For Nonlinear Systems With Pointwise-in-Time Constraints (2006)

The gain governors use receding horizon optimization to adjust parameters (such as gains) in the nominal control laws. The parameters are optimized at each time instant to minimize a cost function subject to pointwise-in-time constraints and subject to the condition that the parameter values are constant over the horizon. The gain governors may be viewed as a special class of Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms. They provide guaranteed stability properties without terminal set conditions as well as a large degree of flexibility in accommodating the on-line computational effort. The paper reviews the properties of the gain governors and discusses different implementations allowed by the general theory with a view towards effectively accommodating the computational effort involved with the on-line optimization.
Ssy1p and Ptr3p Are Plasma Membrane Components of a Yeast System That Senses Extracellular Amino Acids (1999)

Mutations in SSY1 and PTR3 were identified in a genetic selection for components required for the proper uptake and compartmentalization of histidine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ssy1p is a unique member of the amino acid permease gene family, and Ptr3p is predicted to be a hydrophilic protein that lacks known functional homologs. Both Ssy1p and Ptr3p have previously been implicated in relaying signals regarding the presence of extracellular amino acids. We have found that ssy1 and ptr3 mutants belong to the same epistasis group; single and ssy1 ptr3 double-mutant strains exhibit indistinguishable phenotypes. Mutations in these genes cause the nitrogen-regulated general amino acid permease gene (GAP1) to be abnormally expressed and block the nonspecific induction of arginase (CAR1) and the peptide transporter (PTR2). ssy1 and ptr3 mutations manifest identical differential effects on the functional expression of multiple specific amino acid transporters. ssy1 and ptr3 mutants have increased vacuolar pools of histidine and arginine and exhibit altered cell growth morphologies accompanied by exaggerated invasive growth. Subcellular fractionation experiments reveal that both Ssy1p and Ptr3p are localized to the plasma membrane (PM). Ssy1p requires the endoplasmic reticulum protein Shr3p, the amino acid permease-specific packaging chaperonin, to reach the PM, whereas Ptr3p does not. These findings suggest that Ssy1p and Ptr3p function in the PM as components of a sensor of extracellular amino acids.
Remedial Baiting with Hexaflumuron in Above-Ground Stations To Control Structure-Infesting Populations of the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) (1997)

Above-ground bait stations composed of reclosable plastic bags containing bait matrices impregnated with hexaflumuron were placed directly over active infestations of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Of the 5 colonies tested, 2 each of aerial colonies and ground-based colonies were eliminated. The population of 1 ground-based colony was reduced from >2,000,000 to 155,000 foragers. The results demonstrated the feasibility of introducing baits into active areas of infestation of subterranean termites. In addition to the in-ground baiting system, the above-ground bait station may offer another option for bait delivery to affect the structure-infesting populations of subterranean termites.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Oxidative Functionalization of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleic Acids Components (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interactive stereoscopic rendering of voxel-based terrain (2002)

Presents an interactive stereoscopic rendering algorithm of voxel-based terrain. It provides unambiguous depth information of a terrain scene by generating perspective images for a pair of eyes with a horizontal parallax. The left-eye image is generated using a fast ray-casting algorithm accelerated by exploiting a specific ray coherence method in the voxel-based terrain scene. The right-eye image is obtained by exploiting the frame coherence between the two views. Most of the pixel values are directly obtained from the left image by re-projection. The remaining pixels are computed by ray casting, which is further accelerated with ray coherence. An A-buffer is employed to reduce the image error caused by re-projection to non-integer pixel locations. Image-based task partitioning schemes are explored to effectively parallelize our algorithm on a multiprocessor.
Hyperspectral image classification based on spectral and geometrical features (2009)

In this paper, we propose to integrate geometrical features, such as the characteristic scales of structures, with spectral features for the classification of hyperspectral images. The spectral features which only describe the material of structures can not distinguish objects made by the same material but with different semantic meanings (such as the roofs of some buildings and the roads). The use of geometrical features is therefore necessary. Moreover, since the dimension of a hyperspectral image is usually very high, we use linear unmixing algorithm to extract the endmemebers and their abundance-maps in order to represent compactly the spectral information. Afterwards, with the help of these abundance maps, we propose a method based on topographic map of images to estimate local scales of structures in hyperspectral images. The experiment shows that the geometrical features can improve the classification results, especially for the classes made by the same material but with different semantic meanings. When compared to the traditional contextual features (such as morphological profiles), the local scale feature provides satisfactory results without considerably increasing the feature dimension.
Mitochondrial protein import receptors in Kinetoplastids reveal convergent evolution over large phylogenetic distances (2015)

Mitochondrial protein import is essential for all eukaryotes and mediated by hetero-oligomeric protein translocases thought to be conserved within all eukaryotes. We have identified and analysed the function and architecture of the non-conventional outer membrane (OM) protein translocase in the early diverging eukaryote Trypanosoma brucei. It consists of six subunits that show no obvious homology to translocase components of other species. Two subunits are import receptors that have a unique topology and unique protein domains and thus evolved independently of the prototype receptors Tom20 and Tom70. Our study suggests that protein import receptors were recruited to the core of the OM translocase after the divergence of the major eukaryotic supergroups. Moreover, it links the evolutionary history of mitochondrial protein import receptors to the origin of the eukaryotic supergroups.
Betalain-rich concentrate supplementation improves exercise performance and recovery in competitive triathletes (2016)

We aimed to determine the effects of a betalain-rich concentrate (BRC) of beetroots, containing no sugars or nitrates, on exercise performance and recovery. Twenty-two (9 men and 13 women) triathletes (age, 38 ± 11 years) completed 2 double-blind, crossover, randomized trials (BRC and placebo) starting 7 days apart. Each trial was preceded by 6 days of supplementation with 100 mg·day<sup>-1</sup> of BRC or placebo. On the 7th day of supplementation, exercise trials commenced 120 min after ingestion of 50 mg BRC or placebo and consisted of 40 min of cycling (75 ± 5% maximal oxygen consumption) followed by a 10-km running time trial (TT). Subjects returned 24 h later to complete a 5-km running TT to assess recovery. Ten-kilometer TT duration (49.5 ± 8.9 vs. 50.8 ± 10.3 min, p = 0.03) was faster with the BRC treatment. Despite running faster, average heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion were not different between treatments. Five-kilometer TT duration (23.2 ± 4.4 vs 23.9 ± 4.7 min, p = 0.003), 24 h after the 10-km TT, was faster in 17 of the 22 subjects with the BRC treatment. Creatine kinase, a muscle damage marker, increased less (40.5 ± 22.5 vs. 49.7 ± 21.5 U·L<sup>-1</sup>, p = 0.02) from baseline to after the 10-km TT and subjective fatigue increased less (-0.05 ± 6.1 vs. 3.23 ± 6.1, p = 0.05) from baseline to 24 h after the 10-km TT with BRC. In conclusion, BRC supplementation improved 10-km TT performance in competitive male and female triathletes. Improved 5-km TT performances 24 h after the 10-km TT and the attenuated increase of creatine kinase and fatigue suggest an increase in recovery while taking BRC.
Recent Developments at UNO (1986-89) (1989)

On July 23, 1987 the University of New Orleans (UNO) dedicated Its new engineering building which houses the 125ft 8 in x 15ft x 0-7ft deep Ship Offshore University Laboratory Towing Tank. This paper describes the developments from 1987-1989 as well as some of the future plans for the tank in the areas of Teaching Research Technical Support.
Super-helices for predicting the dynamics of natural hair (2006)

Simulating human hair is recognized as one of the most difficult tasks in computer animation. In this paper, we show that the Kirchhoff equations for dynamic, inextensible elastic rods can be used for accurately predicting hair motion. These equations fully account for the nonlinear behavior of hair strands with respect to bending and twisting. We introduce a novel deformable model for solving them: each strand is represented by a Super-Helix, i.e., a piecewise helical rod which is animated using the principles of Lagrangian mechanics. This results in a realistic and stable simulation, allowing large time steps. Our second contribution is an in-depth validation of the Super-Helix model, carried out through a series of experiments based on the comparison of real and simulated hair motions. We show that our model efficiently handles a wide range of hair types with a high level of realism.
Introduction "Decentralized electrification and development: initial assessment of recent projects" (2016)

International audience
Transect Planning (2002)

Abstract Abstract This article outlines a new approach to the implementation of New Urbanist and smart growth principles. The approach is termed transect planning and is based on the creation of a set of human habitats that vary by their level and intensity of urban character. In transect planning, this range of environments, from rural to urban, is the basis for organizing the components of the built world: building, lot, land use, street, and all of the other physical elements of the human habitat. Transect planning seeks to create immersive environments, created to preserve the integrity of each location along the rural-to-urban continuum. This is a matter of finding an appropriate spatial allocation of the elements that make up the human habitat. Rural elements must find their place in rural locations, while urban elements must find their place in more urban locations—not unlike natural ecological systems where plant and animal species coexist within habitats that best support them. The transect is designed to strengthen the integrity of each immersive environment and can be used as a new, alternative approach to conventional zoning systems.
Joint Transmitter and Receiver Energy Minimization in Multiuser OFDM Systems (2013)

In this paper, we formulate and solve a weighted-sum transmitter and receiver energy minimization (WSTREMin) problem in the downlink of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiuser wireless system. The proposed approach offers the flexibility of assigning different levels of importance to base station (BS) and mobile terminal (MT) power consumption, corresponding to the BS being connected to the grid and the MT relying on batteries. To obtain insights into the characteristics of the problem, we first consider two extreme cases separately, i.e., weighted-sum receiver-side energy minimization (WSREMin) for MTs and transmitter-side energy minimization (TEMin) for the BS. It is shown that Dynamic TDMA (D-TDMA), where MTs are scheduled for single-user OFDM transmissions over orthogonal time slots, is the optimal transmission strategy for WSREMin at MTs, while OFDMA is optimal for TEMin at the BS. As a hybrid of the two extreme cases, we further propose a new multiple access scheme, i.e., Time-Slotted OFDMA (TS-OFDMA) scheme, in which MTs are grouped into orthogonal time slots with OFDMA applied to users assigned within the same slot. TS-OFDMA can be shown to include both D-TDMA and OFDMA as special cases. Numerical results confirm that the proposed schemes enable a flexible range of energy consumption tradeoffs between the BS and MTs.
Effect of Aging on Impression Creep Behavior of Pb-Free Solders (2013)

During service and/or storage, Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloys are subjected to temperatures ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 Tm (where Tm is the melting temperature of SAC alloys), making them highly prone to significant microstructural coarsening. The microstructures of these low melting point alloys continuously evolve during service. This results in evolution of creep properties of the joint over time, thereby influencing the long-term reliability of microelectronic packages. Here, we study microstructure evolution and creep behavior of two Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) alloys, namely Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-1.0Cu-0.5Cu, isothermally aged at 150°C for various lengths of time. Creep behavior of the two SAC solders after different aging durations was systematically studied using impression creep technique. The key microstructural features that evolve during aging are Ag3Sn particle size and inter-particle spacing. Creep results indicate that the creep rate increases considerably with increasing inter-particle spacing although the creep stress exponent and creep activation energy are independent of the aging history.
Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan mimetic improves pressure ulcer healing in a rat model of cutaneous ischemia‐reperfusion injury (2011)

Pressure ulcers are a major clinical problem, with a large burden on healthcare resources. This study evaluated the effects of the heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan mimetic, OTR4120, on pressure ulceration and healing. Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) was evoked to induce pressure ulcers by external clamping and then removal of a pair of magnet disks on rat dorsal skin for a single ischemic period of 16 hours. Immediately after magnet removal, rats received an intramuscular injection of OTR4120 weekly for up to 1 month. During the ischemic period, normal skin perfusion was reduced by at least 60% and at least 20-45% reperfused into the ischemic region after compression release. This model caused sustained skin incomplete necrosis for up to 14 days and led to grade 2-3 ulcers. OTR4120 treatment decreased the area of skin incomplete necrosis and degree of ulceration. OTR4120 treatment also reduced inflammation and increased angiogenesis. In OTR4120-treated ulcers, the contents of vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta-1 were increased. Moreover, OTR4120 treatment promoted early expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and increased collagen biosynthesis. Long-term restoration of wounded tissue biomechanical strength was significantly enhanced after OTR4120 treatment. Taken together, we conclude that OTR4120 treatment reduces pressure ulcer formation and potentiates the internal healing bioavailability.
The butyrylcholinesterase gene (BCHE) at 3q26.2 shows two RFLPs (1991)

Exon 1 probe has a 0.8 kb PstI-HindIII insert and exon 3 has a 1.7 kb EcoRI-XbaI insert (Arpagaus et al., 1990). Polymorphism: The exon 1 probe identifies two alleles on PstI digests at 23.1 kb (C1) and 4.4 kb (C2). The exon 3 probe identifies two alleles on MspI digests at 10.5 kb (D1) and 5.4 kb (D2). To date complete correspondence in phenotypes with both enzyme-probe combinations found.
Into the void: a review of postoperative urinary retention after minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (2018)

It is important to evaluate postoperative patients for POUR after MIGS. Standard guidelines are lacking for the evaluation and treatment of patients with POUR.
The NIH Roadmap (2003)

The NIH Roadmap is a set of bold initiatives aimed at accelerating medical research. These initiatives will address challenges that no single NIH institute could tackle alone, but the agency as a whole must undertake. The Roadmap identifies the most compelling opportunities in three arenas: new pathways to discovery, research teams of the future, and reengineering the clinical research enterprise.
Corrigendum: Depletion of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Slows the Growth of Chemically Induced Mouse Lung Adenocarcinomas (2015)

[This corrects the article on p. 587 in vol. 5, PMID: 25505466.].
Amino acid misincorporation during high-level expression of mouse epidermal growth factor inEscherichia coli (1991)

To determine whether the high-level expression of foreign proteins in Escherichia coli can lead to frequent translational errors, we analyzed amino acid misincorporation in mouse epidermal growth factor (mEGF) produced as a TrpE fusion protein. The mEGF DNA does not encode phenylalanine and determining the phenylalanine content of the purified protein will measure missense errors. Using this approach, we found an error frequency of about 1 in 40 for codons differing by a single base from those for phenylalanine. This is at least ten times higher than the error rate found for normal E. coli protein synthesis and may be due to limiting supply of charged tRNAs and GTP, brought about by the high-level production of the heterologous protein. The unexpectedly high error rate has implications for the clinical use of E. coli-derived therapeutic proteins.
Bayesian estimation of associations between identified longitudinal hormone subgroups and age at final menstrual period (2015)

To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first in the area to demonstrate the existence of subgroups in FSH trajectory patterns relative to chronological age and the fact that such a subgroup membership possesses prediction power for age at FMP. Earlier ages at FMP were found in a subgroup of women with rise in FSH levels commencing shortly after age 40, in comparison to women who did not exhibit an increase in FSH until after 45 years of age. Periodic evaluations of FSH in these age ranges are potentially useful for predicting age at FMP.
Polyclonal and allergen‐induced cytokine responses in children with elevated immunoglobulin E but no atopic disease (2002)

The defect in polyclonally induced IFN-gamma production was associated with the clinical manifestation of atopic disease but not the atopic stateper se. This suggests that the global reduction in IFN-gamma is the key determinant of the development of overt atopic disease. In contrast, elevated allergen-induced Th2 cytokine responses in children related to the atopic state per se irrespective of the presence of clinical atopic disease.
Induction of 12-Oxo-Phytodienoic Acid in Wounded Plants and Elicited Plant Cell Cultures (1997)

Jasmonic acid (JA) is rapidly biosynthesized from alpha-linolenic acid in plants upon contact with pathogens or wounding, and triggers gene activation, leading to the synthesis of defensive secondary metabolites and proteins. Despite the recent finding that its precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (PDA), is a more powerful inducer of gene activation, interest has focused so far almost exclusively on JA. A validated negative chemical ionization-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method has been developed that allows the simultaneous quantification of endogenous 12-oxo-PDA and JA in plant tissues. In six out of eight plant species tested maximal levels of 12-oxo-PDA exceeded peak levels of JA by approximately 3- to 5-fold after elicitation with a yeast cell wall preparation or when plants were wounded. These experiments support the hypothesis that 12-oxo-PDA acts as the predominant jasmonate signal in most plants, whereas JA remains an active metabolite of its precursor. Furthermore, JA but not 12-oxo-PDA was shown to be secreted into the medium from cultured plant cells, suggesting that JA may also act as an intercellular signal.
Implementation of an Electric Field (AC and DC) for the Growth of Carbon Filaments via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperatures of Mesitylene without Catalyst or Solvent (2006)

The electric-field-directed growth of carbon filaments by reactions under autogenic pressure at elevated temperatures (RAPET) of mesitylene without a catalyst, a support, or a solvent is demonstrated. The thermal dissociation of mesitylene at 700 °C in a closed Swagelok cell under air atmosphere in a zero-applied electric field exhibits no preferred orientation and forms 2.5 ± 0.05 μm spherical carbon bodies. In contrast, a one-dimensional growth of carbon filaments is produced with the application of constant direct currents [DC] in the range of 1.5−5 A. The application of an AC [1.5−5 A] current yielded, in addition to the straight filaments, peculiar carbon filaments with sharp edges, zigzag-, dipod-, and tripod-like carbon microstructures, and other morphologies. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the growth of carbon filaments under the implementation of AC or DC electric fields.