gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Beam Free-Space Optical Link Using Space-Time Coding (2011)

In this chapter we will study a FSO MISO system. Section 2 describes the components of single beam and multi-beam FSO communication links. Because spatial correlation among the propagating beams in a MISO link plays a key role in the system performance, this correlation structure must quantified as a function of turbulence strength, beam separation, and propagation distance. We present estimations of the spatial correlation obtained through numerical simulations for a MISO in Section 3. Properly designed multi-beam FSO links can deliver significant improvement in scintillation reduction which manifests in lower bit-error rates. In Section 4 we describe two space-time coding schemes using On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation. The first scheme is based on a spatial repetition code and the second scheme is based on a size-four rate-one ST block code. The latter has been adapted from an orthogonal space-time code proposed for wireless radio-frequency (RF) communications. Adaptation of such codes is mandated by the non-negativity of signals in optical communications. In Section 5 we show that both coding schemes have excellent performance in moderate and stronger turbulence conditions. The simpler repetition scheme, however, shows better performance. This difference is explained at the end of Section 5.
Modal properties of unstable resonator semiconductor lasers with a lateral waveguide (1985)

The modal properties of unstable resonator lasers with a lateral waveguide have been analyzed, and an unstable resonator semiconductor laser with a real index lateral waveguide has been demonstrated. Output powers in excess of 400 mW were observed with a stable, highly coherent lateral field distribution. The incorporation of a lateral real index waveguide with the unstable resonator configuration results in an increase in the external quantum efficiency and the appearance of ripples in the lateral field distribution.
Gait Planning of Quadruped Walking and Climbing Robot in Convex Corner Environment (2005)

When a robot navigates in the real environment, it frequently meets various environments that can be expressed by simple geometrical shapes such as ∞at ∞oor, uneven ∞oor, ∞oor with obstacles, slopes, concave or convex corners, etc. Among them, the convex corner composed of two plain surfaces is the most di-cult one for the robot to negotiate. In this paper, we propose a gait planning algorithm to help the robot overcome the convex environment. The trajectory of the body is derived from the maximum distance between the edge boundary of the corner and the bottom of the robot when it travels in the convex environment. Additionally, we flnd the relation between kinematical structure of the robot and its ability of avoiding collision. The relation is realized by considering the workspace and the best posture of the robot in the convex structure. To provide necessary information for the algorithm, we use an IR sensor attached in the leg of the robot to perceive the convex environment. The validity of the gait planning algorithm is verifled through simulations and the performance is demonstrated using a quadruped walking robot, called \MRWALLSPECT III( Multifunctional Robot for WALL inSPECTion version 3).
Performance comparison of different codes in an ultrasonic positioning system using DS-CDMA (2009)

In this work, several code division multiple access encoding schemes are evaluated for their application in ultrasonic sensory systems based on the determination of times-of-flight. Proper encoding improves the performance of such systems in terms of noise immunity, capability of simultaneous measurements and precision in the distance measurements. Important applications that include encoded ultrasonic signals are obstacle detection, local positioning in ubiquitous computing or non-destructive testing. Here, Kasami, Golay and Loosey synchronous codes are experimentally tested in a privacy-oriented ultrasonic local positioning system based on hyperbolic trilateration.
Effects of prostaglandin analog therapy on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients (2009)

BAK, a common preservative for glaucoma drops, may increase OSD by disrupting the tear film and increasing conjunctival inflammation. In this study, a change from a BAK-preserved prostaglandin analog (PGA) to a non-BAK-preserved PGA resulted in a measurable improvement of TBUT, corneal staining and OSDI. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact of BAK-preserved medications on the ocular surface.
Excretion of radioactivity in faeces and urine of rats injected with 3H,14C-lipopolysaccharide. (1985)

The route of excretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its possible degradation in vivo was studied in rats using biosynthetically radiolabelled LPS from Salmonella abortus equi, carrying 3H activity exclusively in fatty acids and 14C activity in fatty acids and sugars. Following intravenous injection of the above LPS in AS2 rats with or without anaesthesia, excretion of radioactivity occurred mainly in the faeces and to smaller extent in urine. The rate of excretion was slow, a large part of the radioactivity being still present in the liver after 14 days. In faeces the percent recovery of 3H (18%) was lower than that of 14C (32%) suggesting loss of tritium activity and thereby of fatty acids from the excreted LPS. A similar loss of tritium was also found in the material remaining in the liver and spleen 14 days after LPS administration. In urine the material recovered during 14 days (about 7% of injected) was different from the original LPS, 70% of 14C activity being dialysable and practically all 3H activity being volatile. Similar results were also obtained following administration of the LPS intraperitoneally under anaesthesia. However, when the LPS was administered intraperitoneally without anaesthesia, in the majority of the animals, 90% of 14C and 54% of 3H was excreted in faeces within 3 days, suggesting that both route of administration and use of anaesthesia during injection influence the subsequent rate of excretion of LPS.
Stable blue emission from a 2500 ppm thulium-doped ZBLAN fiber laser (1998)

Summary form only given. A great interest in blue thulium-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers has developed in recent years due to their potential for hundreds of milliwatts of output power and simple configuration compared to frequency-doubled solid-state lasers. However, blue fiber lasers have been reported to suffer from a degradation of their performance over minutes or hours of operation. This degradation has been associated with the formation of color centers in the fiber core leading to an increase in the background losses of the fiber. In this paper, we demonstrate a stable 70-mW blue thulium-doped ZBLAN fiber and report on two different methods to restore the full transparency of darkened fibers.
Lattice stability and limits to charge transfer in intercalated graphite (1981)

It is shown that anodic oxidation of graphite in ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$S${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ ultimately leads to creation of C-O covalent bonds which act as carrier scattering centers, degrading the metallic behavior of the intercalation compound. This effect sets in at a carrier density corresponding to 0.03-0.05 free holes per carbon atom, thus implying a fundamental limitation to the basal plane conductivity of acceptor compounds. It is argued that a covalent component to the interlayer interaction is, in fact, necessary to stabilize the structure when the density of charged intercalant exceeds a certain limit.
Spectral Efficiency and User Diversity Gains Through Cooperative Fixed Relays (2006)

Cooperative diversity through mobile terminals is faced with a number of deployment challenges such as security (as terminals have to detect partner's signals), incentive and coercion packages (as users have to be motivated to use their terminals to assist others), and huge capital investment (as terminals have to be modified to make them ready for cooperation). This paper discusses fixed relay-enabled user cooperation that are being considered in the WINNER project for deploying beyond 3G wireless communication networks. The schemes operate by engaging two users in cooperation without their knowledge. The schemes which can be viewed as an add-on to network facility have significant impact on the costs, security and end-to-end (E2E) performance of two-hop wireless networks. In addition, the proposed schemes can be used in a number of networks since current terminals do not require any modifications.
Biventricular Pacing Improves the Blunted Force–Frequency Relation Present During Univentricular Pacing in Patients With Heart Failure and Conduction Delay (2006)

Different modes of ventricular stimulation alter the in vivo force-frequency relation of CHF patients. In contrast to single-site LV and RV pacing, contractile function improves with increasing heart rates during BiV stimulation. This effect may contribute to the enhanced exercise capacity during BiV pacing and could provide a functional benefit over LV-only pacing in patients for whom resynchronization therapy is indicated.
SME Special Session: Subsea Slurry Lift Pump Technology - SMS Development (2012)

Abstract Nautilus Minerals', the world's leader in exploration and development of deepocean seafloor resources, has located a number of Seafloor Massive Sulphide(SMS) deposits in the Bismarck Sea, within the Territorial Waters of Papua NewGuinea. Nautilus' business model is based on the notion of ongoing resourceaccumulation and aggregating numerous high grade SMS systems and tosequentially develop them using a floating production system. Nautilus' project development plans are based on utilizing and / or adaptingexisting technologies from a number of different industries. The offshore oiland gas industry in particular has been a primary source of equipment andtechnology and it is from this industry that Nautilus is procuring a SubseaSlurry Lift Pump (SSLP) to pump slurry from the seafloor to its surfaceproduction vessel. The SSLP under procurement is a 10 chamber positive displacement lift pump. Thepump technology was originally developed to pump drill fluids and cuttings indual gradient drilling of deepwater offshore oil and gas reservoirs. Byallowing the pump's discharge pressure to adjust to changes in the slurry(Viscosity, Density &amp; Solids Concentration), the positive displacement pumpaccommodates variations in flow conditions to remain within its operatingenvelope. The SSLP has a number of direct technical and operational synergiesthat make it ideally suited for application in the SMS productionindustry. This paper provides an overview of the SSLP design and its suitability for theseafloor mineral production industry and also explores alternate slurry pump orlift technologies suited to this new and developing industry.
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): Pathogenesis and Treatments (2009)

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), poorly defined for many years, has recently been described as a transition state from healthy cognitive ageing into...
Parenteral ketoprofen for pain management after adenoidectomy: comparison of intravenous and intramuscular routes of administration (2002)

The efficacy of intravenous and intramuscular ketoprofen was similar, and they both differed from placebo.
Plasmonic Nanopatch Antennas for Large Purcell Enhancement (2015)

We demonstrate Purcell enhancements of ~1000 from fluorescent molecules embedded in a plasmonic antenna with sub-10 nm gap between metals. Simulations and experiments reveal the high radiative efficiency and directionality of the antenna.
Epitaxial Growth of Heterogeneous Metal Nanocrystals: From Gold Nano-octahedra to Palladium and Silver Nanocubes (2008)

With octahedral Au nanocrystals as seeds, highly monodisperse Au@Pd and Au@Ag core-shell nanocubes were synthesized by a two-step seed-mediated method in aqueous solution. Accordingly, we have preliminarily proposed a general rule that the atomic radius, bond dissociation energy, and electronegativity of the core and shell metals play key roles in determining the conformal epitaxial layered growth mode.
Microfabricated Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector (uNPD)- Determination of Sensitivity and Selectivity. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Pulse shaping by coupled cavities: Single photons and qudits (2009)

Dynamic coupling of cavities to a quantum network is of major interest to distributed quantum information processing schemes based on cavity quantum electrodynamics. This can be achieved by actively tuning a mediating atom-cavity system. In particular, we consider the dynamic coupling between two coupled cavities, each interacting with a two-level atom, realized by tuning one of the atoms. One atom-field system can be controlled to become maximally and minimally coupled with its counterpart, allowing high fidelity excitation confinement, Q switching, and reversible state transport. As an application, we first show that simple tuning can lead to emission of near-Gaussian single-photon pulses that is significantly different from the usual exponential decay in a passive cavity-based system. The influences of cavity loss and atomic spontaneous emission are studied in detailed numerical simulations, showing the practicality of these schemes within the reach of current experimental solid-state technology. We then show that when the technique is employed to an extended coupled-cavity scheme involving a multilevel atom, arbitrary temporal superposition of single photons can be engineered in a deterministic way
Elektrophile Agentien - neue Entwicklungen und präparative Anwendungen (1980)

Zu den bekanntesten elektrophilen Agentien gehören Protonensäuren und Verbindungen, die Atome mit Elektronensextett enthalten. Ein Ziel der Forschung ist die Entwicklung neuer elektrophiler Agentien mit größerer Reaktivität einerseits und höherer Selektivität andererseits, um auf den Zusatz von Elektronenacceptoren („Friedel-Crafts-Katalysatoren”︁) möglichst weitgehend verzichten und das Isomerenverhältnis bei Reaktionen ambivalenter Verbindungen beeinflussen zu können. Verbindungen mit „Super-Austrittsgruppen”︁ wie Trifluormethansulfonat und Fluorosulfat erwiesen sich als sehr vorteilhaft, denn ihre Polarisierung oder Dissoziation reicht auch in Abwesenheit von Friedel-Crafts-Katalysatoren für viele Reaktionen aus. Auch Heterocyclen, z. B. Pyridone und Imidazole, sind als Austrittsgruppen geeignet; Agentien mit diesen Austrittsgruppen zeichnen sich besonders durch ihre hohe Selektivität aus.
Induction of proenkephalin in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons by hyperprolactinemia: the role of sex steroids. (1995)

The observation that tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurons of pregnant, pseudopregnant, lactating, and aged rats express enkephalins suggested that chronically elevated PRL levels, which are characteristic for these animals, are essential for the induction of proenkephalin gene expression in TIDA neurons. The present studies investigated further the role of PRL in this phenomenon. Elevated PRL levels were achieved either experimentally by implanting anterior pituitaries under the kidney capsule of intact or hypophysectomized female rats or by using lactating rats. For controls, the elevated PRL levels were reduced with bromocryptine, a dopamine receptor agonist. The role of sex steroids in PRL-induced enkephalin gene expression was also studied in cycling, sex hormone-treated, hypophysectomized or ovariectomized rats, pituitary-implanted/sex hormone-treated rats, and ovariectomized mothers. Enkephalin immunoreactivity was detected by immunocytochemistry and enkephalin messenger RNA with in situ hybridization histochemistry using 35S- or digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes. Enkephalin or its messenger RNA was present in TIDA neurons in all experimental animals with elevated PRL levels. Although estradiol had no or only a minor effect on PRL-induced enkephalin gene expression, progesterone supported the effect of PRL. The present observations suggest that the expression of enkephalin in TIDA neurons is PRL dependent and supported by sex steroids, primarily progesterone.
In situ lead immobilization by apatite (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ lead immobilization by apatiteQi Ying Ma, Samuel J. Traina, Terry J. Logan, and James A. RyanCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 9, 1803–1810Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00046a007https://doi.org/10.1021/es00046a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1478Altmetric-Citations558LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stray light mitigation in a novel endoscope for fallopian tubes (2015)

Stray light in an endoscope largely contributes to whether a signal can be detected or not. This FRED analysis used a novel endoscope designed for the fallopian tubes to show how common endoscope elements cause stray light contamination, and to offer suggestions on how to mitigate it. Standard and advanced optical raytracing was performed. Raytrace reports determined which ray paths caused the highest power and irradiance distributions after reflecting one or more times from an element in the system. The analysis revealed that the cover plate introduced significantly more stray light into the system than other endoscope components. The imaging lenses and variable stop reflectivity had a negligible impact on the signal. To obtain acceptable signal-to- noise ratio, the source numerical aperture (NA) was lowered to 0.35 and 0.25 to keep the stray light within the same order of magnitude and an order of magnitude lower, respectively than the desired signal. There was a single specular reflection off of the cover plate distal surface. This illumination reflected back into the imaging fiber without first scattering off the tissue, which resulted in high stray power at the back of the imaging lenses. The specular light appeared brighter at higher source NAs and saturated the desired signal at the edge of the imaging fiber. An NA between 0.25 and 0.35 provides maximum illumination to image the tissue, with minimal stray light degrading the desired signal.
PROTEINS : analysis and design (1998)

R.H. Angeletti, Introduction. R. Aebersold and S.D. Patterson, Current Problems and Technical Solutions in Protein Biochemistry. R.G. Krishna and F. Wold, Posttranslational Modifications. J.L. Lauer and G.B. Fields, Design and Use of Synthetic Peptides as Biological Models. G.S. Coombs and D.R. Corey, Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Protein Engineering. M.W. Klemba, M.Munson, and L. Regan, De Novo, Design of Protein Structure and Function. Index.
Static and dynamic mapping of media assets on a network of distributed multimedia information servers (2003)

This paper presents principles and algorithms for the management of a network of media servers. Such a server network allows the online delivery of broadband multimedia data, e.g. audio and video streams, to a large number of widely distributed clients. Thus, the implementation of large scale distributed broadband media information services is possible if such networks can be handled efficiently. In the paper two new combinatorial optimization problems are defined that have to be solved for an efficient management of the distributed media servers connected by a high-bandwidth communication network. The algorithms consider the case of a static mapping of media assets onto the server network as well as the dynamic migration of media assets on such a network. The first scenario is used in the case that all media assets are loaded for the first time onto the server network. The second scenario is applied dynamically during run-time of an information service taking the varying user access pattern and changing media content of the server network into account. In this paper the algorithms are presented and their efficiency is demonstrated using some benchmark instances. The algorithms are part of a larger distributed system that allows the management of a network of distributed media servers. The principles of this system are presented as well as some applications that have been developed and are supported by this distributed server management system (DSMS).
A reduction method of quantization error of excitation coefficient for phased array antenna (2012)

Phased array antennas (PAA) enable to form a main beam in the direction of a desired signal and nulls in the direction of interference signals by adjusting excitation coefficient (amplitude and phase) of each antenna element. One method to form nulls in the direction of interference is sidelobe canceller [1]. The signals received by the auxiliary antennas are adjusted to be the conjugate of the interference signal received by the main antenna. The adjusted signals are combined with the signal received by the main antenna. One method to conjugate the signals is the analog beam forming (ABF) using variable attenuator and digital phase shifter. ABF has a large quantization error when antenna elements are few. The quantization error causes the null to shift, so the interference signal is not fully suppressed. Therefore, to form null in antenna pattern, highly precise ABF is required.
Electrophilic Reactions of 2- and 4-Vinylpyridines (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophilic Reactions of 2- and 4-VinylpyridinesWilliam E. Doering and Ruth Alice N. WeilCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 10, 2461–2466Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01202a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01202a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views593Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts