gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
” Osteochondral lesions of the knee. Pilot clinical study on a bioengineered scaffold at 36 months follow-up (2012)

Different techniques have been proposed across the years to treat osteochoandral diseases; minimally-invasive bone marrow stimulation techniques aim of favouring the healing process in the injured area through the migration of stem cells from the sobchondral bone; on the other side, some more aggressive techniques are based on autologous or allogenic tissue transplant.
High spatial resolution MRI and proton MRS of human frontal cortex (1996)

High-resolution MR imaging (312 microns in plane resolution) and MR spectroscopy (0.36 cm3 nominal voxel) have been performed on human frontal cortex using a 3 in surface coil. Localized proton spectra have been obtained from contiguous 6 x 6 x 10 mm voxels using one-dimensional phase encoding, TR 2000 ms and TE 31 ms. Seven healthy subjects were studied using this approach. The spectra from frontal gray matter showed a reproducible pattern characterized by a choline to creatine and N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio significantly lower than those from cortical white matter. These metabolite ratio differences reflect the lower choline and higher creatine content in gray matter. These preliminary results show the potential of this high spatial-resolution approach for studying brain cortex.
Influence of the nasal mucociliary system on intranasal drug administration. (2000)

The mucociliary system can decrease intranasal drug absorption. Application of acetylcysteine or the use of nebulizer can increase drug absorption.
Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (1990)

El desarrollo de la biologia molecular en Espana es muy superior comparativamente al de otras ramas de la Ciencia. Este hecho se debe a un proceso iniciado en la decada de los sesenta de un modo casual o, al menos, no programado consecuentemente con una politica cientifica. No obstante este desarrollo, y dadas las conexiones entre la biologia molecular y los dos pilares mas llamativos de la biotecnologia moderna (ingenieria genetica e inmunologia), fue la base para que el Gobierno espanol decidiera en 1985 dar un apoyo decidido al desarrollo de esta rama. Parte de este apoyo es la creacion del Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB).
Pyrrolidinium Imides:  A New Family of Molten Salts and Conductive Plastic Crystal Phases (1999)

A new family of molten salts is reported, based on the N-alkyl, N-alkyl pyrrolidinium cation and the bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide anion. Some of the members of the family are molten at room temperature, while the smaller and more symmetrical members have melting points around 100 °C. Of the room-temperature molten salt examples, the methyl butyl derivative exhibits the highest conductivity; at 2 × 10-3 S/cm this is the highest molten salt conductivity observed to date at room temperature among the ammonium salts. This highly conductive behavior is rationalized in terms of the role of cation planarity. The salts also exhibit multiple crystalline phase behavior below their melting points and exhibit significant conductivity in at least their higher temperature crystal phase. For example, the methyl propyl derivative (mp = 12 °C) shows ion conductivity of 1 × 10-6 S/cm at 0 °C in its higher temperature crystalline phase.
Release from the metaphase I block in invertebrate oocytes: possible involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase III (1993)

Full grown mature oocytes of the prosobranch gastropod mollusc Patella or the bivalves Mytilus or Ruditapes provide an excellent model for studying the mechanisms which trigger cyclin degradation and exit from the M phase. They are naturally arrested in metaphase of the first maturation division and their fertilization or artificial activation rapidly results in destruction of the cyclins and completion of meiosis. In this paper, we establish the presence of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase III or eEF-2 kinase in these oocytes and describe how the protein synthesis inhibitor emetine is able to release them from the metaphase block. Using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator dye, fluo-3, we demonstrate moreover that both fertilization or KCl-dependent activation of Ruditapes and Mytilus oocytes actually trigger a measurable transient increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration. We also show that the activations triggered by these signals as well as by the ionophore A 23187 can be reversibly blocked by the calmodulin antagonists TFP (30 microM) and W7 (100 microM), while these drugs have no effect upon emetine-dependent activations. Finally, we report that the rate of protein synthesis, measured in pulse experiments, decreases at each meiotic and mitotic cleavage following fertilization of metaphase I-arrested oocytes of Mytilus. On the basis of these experiments and as a working hypothesis, we thus propose that the Ca2+ surge which activates the oocyte may inhibit protein synthesis by triggering a transient phosphorylation of eEF-2. This would result in disappearance of the putative short-lived proteins which protect cyclins from degradation during the metaphase block.
A dynamic equilibrium between TTP and CPEB4 controls mRNA stability and inflammation resolution (2021)

SUMMARY Temporal control of inflammation is critical to avoid pathological developments, and is largely defined through the differential stabilities of mRNAs. While TTP-directed mRNA deadenylation is known to destabilize ARE-containing mRNAs, this mechanism alone cannot explain the variety of mRNA expression kinetics observed during inflammation resolution. Here we show that inflammation resolution requires CPEB4 expression, in vitro and in vivo . Our results identify that CPEB4-directed polyadenylation and TTP-mediated deadenylation compete during the resolutive phase of the LPS response to uncouple the degradation of pro-inflammatory mRNAs from the sustained expression of anti-inflammatory mRNAs. The outcome of this equilibrium is quantitatively defined by the relative number of CPEs and AREs in each mRNA, and further shaped by the coordinated regulation by the MAPK signalling pathway of the levels and activities of their trans-acting factors, CPEB4 and TTP. Altogether, we describe a temporal- and transcript-specific regulatory network controlling the extent of the inflammatory response.
Phenotypic and Functional Status of Intrahepatic T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C (2006)

Polychromatic flow-cytometric assays were used to analyze paired intrahepatic and peripheral lymphocyte samples from 37 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Compared with peripheral cells, intrahepatic T cells were selectively enriched with CD45RO+ memory T cells but had a lower percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing the differentiation markers CD27 and CD28. The percentage of intrahepatic CD45RO+ and CD28+ T cells correlated with the degree of liver inflammation, which suggests that memory T cells at relatively early stages of differentiation are directly involved in liver inflammation. Despite their memory phenotype, intrahepatic T cells were defective in proliferation capability, produced less interferon- gamma in response to stimulation by T cell receptor, and contained less perforin but expressed higher levels of Fas and Fas ligand, compared with their counterparts in peripheral blood. The distinct characteristics of intrahepatic T cells suggest that they play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C.
Rate of Reduction of Ferric and Ferrous Oxide from Calcia-Silica-Alumina Slag by Carbon in Liquid Iron. (1999)

Reduction of ferric and ferrous oxide from calcia-silica-alumina slag by carbon in liquid iron has been studied. A base slag (48%CaO-40%SiO2-12%Al2O3) containing iron oxide (less than 16 wt% total iron) was reduced by carbon dissolved in a liquid iron bath (approx. 4 wt% C). The temperature was in the range 1 400-1 600ºC. The reaction rate was calculated from measurements of the total inlet gas flow rate and the CO concentration in the outlet gas stream. Slag and metal samples were taken in some experiments. Two observations are reported: the apparent rate constant decreases as the reaction rate decreases; and most ferric oxide (Fe2O3) is reduced before any ferrous oxide (FeO) is reduced. The authors conclude that the apparent rate constant is the mass transfer coefficient for ferrous cations in the slag phase, and that the overall reduction rate is determined by the mass transfer rate of ferrous cations when only ferrous oxide remains in the slag (i.e. all the ferric oxide has been reduced).
[Applications of electromyography in the study of changes in intestinal motility following surgery on the small intestine]. (1978)

Changes in the intestinal motility were studied in dogs after different surgical operations performed on the small bowel. Electrodes were implanted on the intestine and the electrical activity of the bowel was recorded after transection of the bowel and after jejunoileal shunt. The results showed that the transection of the bowel provoked a slowing of the propagation of the intestinal contractions. This phenomenon was particularly important at the level of the ileum. The jejunoileal shunt was followed by a strong increase of the level of the motor activity, probably related with an increase of the intraluminal content at the level of the ileum. These results gave an explanation for the slowing of the intestinal transit which is observed after some operations which involve a transection of the small bowel.
Electrophoretic Studies of Alkaline Proteinases from Strains of Aspergillus flavus Group (1972)

Journal Article Electrophoretic Studies of Alkaline Proteinases from Strains of Aspergillus flavus Group Get access Seiichi Nasuno Seiichi Nasuno Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 36, Issue 4, 1 April 1972, Pages 684–689, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1972.10860308 Published: 01 April 1972 Article history Received: 18 October 1971 Published: 01 April 1972
Doped Y.sub.2O.sub.3 buffer layers for laminated conductors (2007)

A laminated conductor includes a metallic substrate having a surface, a biaxially textured buffer layer supported by the surface of the metallic substrate, the biaxially textured buffer layer comprising Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and a dopant for blocking cation diffusion through the Y.sub.2O.sub.3, and a biaxially textured conductor layer supported by the biaxially textured buffer layer.
New modular high voltage LDMOS technology based on Deep Trench Isolation and 0.18um CMOS platform (2014)

This paper presents the challenges of integrating 70V and 45V lateral DMOS transistor modules into a 0.18um base line process. This integration is achieved with minimal impact on baseline process and circuit IP's. Multi-epitaxial stack and Deep Trench Isolation (DTI) modules assure up to 140V isolation capability between different areas in the chip.
Surrogate Markers for Targeted Therapy-Based Treatment Activity and Efficacy (2011)

Predictive biomarkers capable of discriminating individuals who will benefit from a given therapy from those who will not are key to personalized medicine. New drugs are developed in patients with advanced disease, when ethical and practical shortcomings limit the collection of tumor specimens. The neoadjuvant setting offers a unique opportunity for overcoming these limitations. Tumor samples are collected at diagnosis and posttreatment surgery as part of a routine therapeutic approach. Pathological complete response has been consistently associated with long-term survival and may be useful as an intermediate endpoint in developing and evaluating predictive, as well as surrogate, biomarkers. In window-of-opportunity studies, new drugs are administered shortly before planned surgery, and the effect of the intervention can be assessed by comparing diagnostic biopsy with the surgical specimen. Until now, clinically useful and validated predictive markers for targeted therapy are rare, but appropriate investigations in neoadjuvant studies will likely change this.
Platelet rich plasma for the management of hair loss: Better alone or in combination? (2018)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous protein-based treatments have recently emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for hair loss-related disorders including androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata. The safety and efficacy of repeated intradermal injections of PRP has proved to promote hair growth in a number of randomized clinical trials. Biologically active proteins and cytokines released upon platelet activation have shown to induce folliculogenesis and activate the anagen growing phase of dormant bulbs. Interestingly, further studies have revealed that combining PRP with other hair loss-related products may enhance the final performance of the treatment. These synergistic approaches include Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs such as finasteride or minoxidil, bioactive macromolecules and cell-based therapies. Here, recent research involving alone or combined therapy with platelet-rich plasma for the management of hair loss-related disorders are outlined and future prospects are discussed.
Combining depth and color cues for scale- and viewpoint-invariant object segmentation and recognition using Random Forests (2010)

In this paper we present an approach to object segmentation and recognition that combines depth and color cues. We fuse information from color images with depth from a Time-of-Flight (ToF) camera to improve recognition performance under scale and viewpoint changes. Firstly, we use depth and local surface orientation extracted from the ToF image to normalize color and depth image features with regard to scale and viewpoint. Secondly, we incorporate local 3D shape features into the classifier. The use of a Random Forest classifier facilitates the seamless combination of depth and texture features. It also provides image segmentation through pixel-wise classification. We demonstrate our approach on a labeled dataset of seven object categories in table-top scenes and compare it with a vision-only approach.
Carbon metabolism in leaves of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) containing elevated fructose 2,6‐bisphosphate levels (1995)

The aim of this work was to investigate the role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru 2,6-P2) during photosynthesis. The level of Fru 2,6-P2 in tobacco plants was elevated by the introduction of a modified mammalian gene encoding 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (6-PF-2-K). Estimates of the metabolite control coefficient (C) for Fru 2,6-P2 levels in response to increased 6-PF-2-K activity, suggest that small increases in 6-PF-2-K activity have little effect upon steady-state Fru 2,6-P2 levels (C = +0.08 for a 0-58% increase in 6-PF-2-K activity). However, larger changes resulted in dramatic rises in Fru 2,6-P2 levels (C = +3.35 for 206-268% increase in 6-PF-2-K activity). Transgenic plants contained Fru 2,6-P2 levels in the dark that ranged from 104 to 230% of the level in wild-type tobacco. Plants with altered levels of Fru 2,6-P2 were used to determine the effects of this signal metabolite upon carbohydrate metabolism during the initial phase of the light period. Here we provide direct evidence that Fru 2,6-P2 contributes to the regulation of carbon partitioning in tobacco leaves by inhibiting sucrose synthesis.
Tunable mode-locked fiber laser with a highly dispersive cavity (2010)

We describe theoretical and experimental investigations on the spectral and temporal control of an actively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser equipped with a highly dispersive cavity. The laser design is based on a unidirectional ring cavity in which a pair of diffraction gratings is inserted. A direct outcome of the dispersion due to the diffraction gratings resides in the fact that the duration of a complete roundtrip in the laser cavity becomes sensitively dependent upon laser wavelength. Tuning of laser emission is then achieved by controlling the modulation frequency of the waveform applied to the loss modulator that produces mode-locked operation. Such a fiber laser enables the generation of picosecond pulses with a rapid tuning over a large bandwidth. We also incorporated a Gires-Tournois interferometer (GTI) in the laser setup in order to investigate how perturbations such as group delay ripple affect the temporal shape of the laser pulses and their spectral content, as well as the stability of the selected laser wavelength. Variation of pulse duration between 40 to100 picoseconds and continuous tuning of laser wavelength will be described.
<title>Design of a clinical free-hand 3D ultrasound system</title> (2000)

The user interface is critical to the clinical acceptance of free-hand 3D ultrasound imaging. In the system described here, the acquisition of scans from a conventional 2D probe is synchronized to probe movement. Motion-gated acquisition reduces the dependency of scan quality on the operator and can detect poor scanning technique. Automatic annotation is facilitated by recording the orientation of the patient. A 'virtual probe' enables a clinician to reslice the acquired data as if the patient were being rescanned. A 'thick reslice' enables spatial compounding to be implemented in the visualization process. The critical scale parameter, which is difficult to automatically determine, is intuitively interpreted as the slice thickness and interactively controlled by the clinician. Real-time volume rendering without prior segmentation of the data is possible using this technique. Shape-based interpolation assists manual segmentation of the data. The distance field from the segmentation process is used to mask the raw data and the result is volume rendered. A 3D scalpel enables efficient refinement of the segmentation by directly editing the volume- rendered view. The 3D scalpel prunes a set of user-defined contours to which a surface is fitted and the enclosed volume computed. A compact set of contours is retained by the system which allows the actions of the user to be undone. Three clinicians have tested the system, acquiring over 100 3D fetal scans, in a hospital environment.
Intelligent QoS support for an adaptive video service (2000)

AbstraclIn this paper we present an adaptive video service architecture.Software agents provide feedback regarding the desired and the attained quality of service at the client side.Server agems respond by rcconfiguring the server and reserving communication bandwidth and/or CPU cycles according to a sel of rules.The adaptation mechanism is conlrollcd by an inference engine running as one of the strategies of the server agent.The agents are assembled dynamically from reusable components using the Bond Agent Framework.QoS reservation is supported by two native resource managers in Solaris 2.5.1, for network bandwidth and CPU cycles respectively.
Growing and navigating the small world Web by local content (2002)

Can we model the scale-free distribution of Web hypertext degree under realistic assumptions about the behavior of page authors? Can a Web crawler efficiently locate an unknown relevant page? These questions are receiving much attention due to their potential impact for understanding the structure of the Web and for building better search engines. Here I investigate the connection between the linkage and content topology of Web pages. The relationship between a text-induced distance metric and a link-based neighborhood probability distribution displays a phase transition between a region where linkage is not determined by content and one where linkage decays according to a power law. This relationship is used to propose a Web growth model that is shown to accurately predict the distribution of Web page degree, based on textual content and assuming only local knowledge of degree for existing pages. A qualitatively similar phase transition is found between linkage and semantic distance, with an exponential decay tail. Both relationships suggest that efficient paths can be discovered by decentralized Web navigation algorithms based on textual and/or categorical cues.
Nanoscale Mechanisms in Advanced Aging of Materials during Storage of Spent 'High Burnup' Nuclear Fuel. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Locally Applied Direct Electric Current’s Effect on Springback of 2024-T3 Aluminum After Single Point Incremental Forming (2015)

Incremental forming is a sheet metal forming technology that utilizes a spherical tipped tool and a CNC machine to form a part through a series of spiraling tool paths. Springback is one of the largest concerns for incremental forming since a part can be the exact shape desired after forming until the part is unclamped from its forming fixtures, at which point it will springback due to the residual stresses resident in a part due to the forming process. This paper demonstrates how locally applied electric current can be utilized to reduce the springback due to residual stresses. The tests conducted in this paper demonstrate this concept via incrementally formed truncated-pyramid shapes that were formed from 2024-T3 aluminum. The residual stress concentration locations of the pyramid were determined using FEA. Direct electric current was locally applied to the stress concentrations of the pyramid prior to unclamping. Various current densities, time intervals, and electrical pulse locations were examined to find the ideal conditions for reducing springback for a tested geometry of 2024-T3 aluminum.
Using icon arrangement for fallback authentication on smartphones (2014)

In this paper, we present three concepts for fallback authentication on smartphones that exploit the icon arrangement on home screens. A pilot study with three groups (each with n=6) was conducted to evaluate these concepts in terms of usability and security. The results show that most users made no or only few errors. In turn, adversaries had more difficulties in solving the tasks.