gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the human bradykinin B2 receptor expressed in sf21 insect cells: A possible role for tyrosine kinases (2000)

The functional regulation of the human bradykinin B2 receptor expressed in sf21 cells was studied. Human bradykinin B2 receptors were immunodetected as a band of 75–80 kDa in membranes from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells and visualized at the plasma membrane, by confocal microscopy, using an antibody against an epitope from its second extracellular loop. B2 receptors, detected in membranes by [3H-bradykinin] binding, showed a Kd of 0.66 nmol/L and an expression level of 2.57 pmol/mg of protein at 54 h postinfection. In these cells, bradykinin induced a transient increase of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in fura 2-AM loaded sf21 cells, and promoted [35S]-GTPγS binding to membranes. The effects of bradykinin were dose dependent (with an EC50 of 50 nmol/L for calcium mobilization) and were inhibited by N-α-adamantaneacetyl-D-Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5,8,D-phe7]-Bk, a specific B2 receptor antagonist. When the B2 antagonist was applied at the top of the calcium transient, it accelerated the decline of the peak, suggesting that calcium mobilization at this point was still influenced by receptor occupation. No calcium mobilization was elicited by 1 μmol/L (Des-Arg9)-Bk, a B1 receptor agonist that did not inhibit the subsequent action of 100 nmol/L bradykinin. No effect of bradykinin was detected in uninfected cells or cells infected with the wild-type baculovirus. Bradykinin-induced [Ca2+]i mobilization was increased by genistein and tyrphostin A51. These tyrosine kinase inhibitors did not modify basal levels of [Ca2+]i. Homologous desensitization of the B2 receptor was observed after repeated applications of bradykinin, which resulted in attenuated changes in intracellular calcium. In addition, genistein promoted an increased response to a third exposure to the agonist when applied after washing the cells that had been previously challenged with two increasing doses of bradykinin. Genistein did not affect the calcium mobilization induced by activation of the endogenous octopamine G protein-coupled receptor or by thapsigargin. The B2 receptor, detected by confocal microscopy in unpermeabilized cells, remained constant at the surface of cells stimulated with bradykinin for 10 min, in the presence or absence of genistein. Agonist-promoted phosphorylation of the B2 receptor was markedly accentuated by genistein treatment. Phosphoaminoacid analysis revealed the presence of phosphoserine and traces of phosphothreonine, but not phosphotyrosine, suggesting that the putative tyrosine kinase(s), activated by bradykinin, could act in a step previous to receptor phosphorylation. Interestingly, genistein prevented agonist-induced G protein uncoupling from B2 receptors, determined by in vitro bradykinin-stimulated [35S]-GTPγS binding, in membranes from bradykinin pretreated cells. Our results suggest that tyrosine kinase(s) regulate the activity of the human B2 receptor in sf21 cells by affecting its coupling to G proteins and its phosphorylation. J. Cell. Biochem. 76:658–673, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Castro’s Cuba and U.S. Sanctions (2011)

The model presented in part I works in theory. But does it work in practice? If we are to make progress in advancing security in the real world, we need ideas that work. In this chapter, we will test the theoretical model in great detail. The remainder of the book consists of shorter case studies. The nontechnical reader can skip the equations and still understand the model.
Bicistronic expression plasmid for the rapid production of recombinant fused proteins in Escherichia coli (2006)

In the post-genomic era, every aspect of the production of proteins must be accelerated. In this way, several vectors are currently exploited for rapid production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. N-terminal fusions to the first 47 amino acids of the LpdA (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase A) protein of Neisseria meningitidis have been shown to increase the expression of recombinant proteins. Consequently, we have constructed a modified N-terminal LpdA fusion vector, introducing the blue/white colony selection by exploiting a bicistronic gene organization. In the new vector, the sequence encoding the first 47 amino acids of meningococcal LpdA and the alpha-peptide sequence of beta-galactosidase were connected via a ribosome-binding site, and two MCSs (multiple cloning sites) were located surrounding the latter, allowing efficient cloning by colour selection of recombinants. The vector was also improved with the addition of a C-terminal polyhistidine tag, and an EKS (enterokinase recognition sequence) immediately after the LpdA fusion sequence. The new plasmid was employed in the expression and purification of six different bacterial polypeptides. One of these recombinant proteins, P6 protein from Haemophilus influenzae, was used as a model and its N-terminal fusion sequence was totally removed from the recombinant version after incubation with the enterokinase protease, while the polyhistidine tail successfully allowed the purification of the unfused protein from the protease reaction. Two completely new neisserial vaccine candidates, NMB0088 and NMB1126 proteins, were cloned, expressed and purified using this system. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first report of the cloning and expression of these proteins in E. coli.
Reactivity-selectivity in the Swern oxidation of alcohols using dimethyl sulfoxide-oxalyl chloride (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity-selectivity in the Swern oxidation of alcohols using dimethyl sulfoxide-oxalyl chlorideMichael Marx and Thomas T. TidwellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 5, 788–793Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00179a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00179a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3388Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Oxidation of Thioethers. Part 9. An Easy Route to Enantiopure C2 Symmetrical Bismethylsulfinylbenzenes. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Parametrically Excited Vibrations and Auto-Parametric Resonance in Cylindrical Shells (2000)

Abstract Vibrations of cylindrical shells parametrically excited by external axial forcing or by internal auto-parametric resonances are considered. A Rayleigh-Ritz discretization of the von Kármán-Donnell equations through symbolic computations leads to low dimensional models of shell vibration. After applying methods and ideas of modern dynamical systems theory, complete bifurcation diagrams are constructed and analyzed with an emphasis on modal interactions and their relevance to structural behaviour. In the case of free shell vibrations, the Hamiltonian and a transformation into action-angle coordinates followed by averaging provides readily a geometric description of the interaction between concertina and chequerboard modes. It was established that the interaction should be most pronounced when there are slightly less than 2 N square chequerboard panels circumferentially, where N is the ratio of shell radius to thickness. The two mode interaction leads to preferred vibration patterns with larger deflection inwards than outwards, and at internal resonance, significant energy transfer occurs between the modes. The regular and chaotic features of this interaction are studied analytically and numerically.
Making Soil Oxidation–Reduction Potential Measurements using Multimeters (2009)

Researchers studying the chemistry of soil systems may be interested in documenting the oxidation–reduction potential (Eh) for a variety of purposes, and this is often accomplished by measuring the Eh using platinum (Pt) electrodes in conjunction with a reference electrode and a voltmeter. It has been shown that Eh values obtained when using high resistance research grade instruments often are much different from values measured using standard multimeters. This difference appears to be a function of the input resistance, with the low resistance multimeters allowing a higher current to flow during measurement which alters the electrochemical environment causing the voltage to drift. The objectives of this paper are (i) to report on a device which when attached to a low resistance multimeter facilitates the accurate measurement of soil redox potential, and (ii) to better understand the nature of the drift observed when measurements are made using a standard multimeter. Redox potentials were measured with Pt and calomel electrodes in soil mesocosms using a research grade voltmeter and a standard multimeter, with and without an inexpensive device that effectively increased the input resistance of the multimeter to 1 Tohm. The device was constructed using a TL082 wide bandwidth dual JFET input operational amplifier which effectively raised the input resistance from 10 Mohm to approximately 1 Tohm. When a small correction factor was applied to account for the internal offset error from the amplifier, the Eh data recorded using the modified multimeter were essentially identical to those collected using higher end, research grade instruments ( n = 162; Y = 0.9996X– 0.09; r 2 = 1.0000). Depending on the pH of the system and the type of reference electrode used, and the redox couple of interest, Eh data collected using standard multimeters could lead to erroneous conclusions regarding whether a soil is oxidized or reduced.
2A2-N03 Realization of Omnidirectional Vehicle on Water and Improvement of Its Maneuverability(Underwater Robot and Mechatronics) (2013)

We have developed VOW (vehicle on water) that can move freely. In this paper, we introduced force plate as a new interface and propose the operating method to improve the maneuverability of VOW.
Supplementary Figure SF2 from Humoral Immune Response against Nontargeted Tumor Antigens after Treatment with Sipuleucel-T and Its Association with Improved Clinical Outcome (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure SF2. Shown in this figure are four Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots comparing the OS of patients in the sipuleucel-T arm of IMPACT with no IgG response at week 10 (IgG responses = 0) to patients with {greater than or equal to}1 IgG responses (A), {greater than or equal to}2 IgG responses (B), {greater than or equal to}3 IgG responses (C), or {greater than or equal to}4 IgG responses (D) at week 10.&lt;/p&gt;
A Direct Route to 6,6’-Disubstituted-2,2’-Bipyridines by Double Diels-Alder/retro Diels-Alder Reaction of 5,5’-bi-1,2,4-Triazines (2005)

Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction of functionalized 5,5'-bi-1,2,4- triazines with bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene in boiling p-cymene leads to a range of 6,6'- disubstituted-2,2'-bipyridines in good yield.
Design of Potent Inhibitors of Human RAD51 Recombinase Based on BRC Motifs of BRCA2 Protein: Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Chimera Peptide (2010)

We have previously shown that a 28-amino acid peptide derived from the BRC4 motif of BRCA2 tumor suppressor inhibits selectively human RAD51 recombinase (HsRad51). With the aim of designing better inhibitors for cancer treatment, we combined an in silico docking approach with in vitro biochemical testing to construct a highly efficient chimera peptide from eight existing human BRC motifs. We built a molecular model of all BRC motifs complexed with HsRad51 based on the crystal structure of the BRC4 motif-HsRad51 complex, computed the interaction energy of each residue in each BRC motif, and selected the best amino acid residue at each binding position. This analysis enabled us to propose four amino acid substitutions in the BRC4 motif. Three of these increased the inhibitory effect in vitro, and this effect was found to be additive. We thus obtained a peptide that is about 10 times more efficient in inhibiting HsRad51-ssDNA complex formation than the original peptide.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF β,Γ‐UNSATURATED ESTERS. DIRECT GENERATION OF ESTER DIENOLATES FROM β‐KETO ESTER TOSYLHYDRAZONE TRIANIONS (1977)

Abstract Durch Reaktion der β‐Ketoestertosylhydrazone (I) mit Li‐diisopropylamid bei ‐78°C, Erwärmen auf Raumtemperatur (4‐24 h) und anschließende Zugabe von Ammoniumchlorid und Destillation entstehen die β,γ‐ungesättigten Ester (II).
The role of the thymus in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2010)

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used to treat an increasing number of congenital and acquired disorders of the haematopoietic system. Even though cytoreductive conditioning regimens vary in intensity, all clinically used protocols invariably cause side effects that compromise transiently or long-term the response of the natural and the adaptive immune systems. However, in the context of the reconstruction of immunity, the generation of naïve T cells constitutes a slow process, and requires a functionally competent thymus. Unfortunately, regular thymic function is frequently suppressed by transplant-related toxicities. Most notably, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) causes a state of posttransplantation immune deficiency. Here we discuss preclinical allogeneic HSCT models and clinical observations that have contributed to a detailed understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the thymic dysfunction caused by acute GVHD. An in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms that control regular thymopoiesis and, conversely, affect thymus function is expected to provide the factual basis for the design of innovative therapies to recover T-cell numbers and function following allogeneic HSCT.
Figure S5 from Autophagy Sustains Mitochondrial Glutamine Metabolism and Growth of <i>Braf</i><sup>V600E</sup>–Driven Lung Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5 - PDF file 1330K, Loss of ATG7 is associated with increased ?H2AX staining&lt;/p&gt;
Magnetic electrode-based label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy immunosensor for sensitive detection of human malignant melanoma markers using gold nanoparticles functionalized magnetic graphene sheets as signal amplifier (2014)

Cluster of differentiation 146 antigen (CD146) is a specific biomarker in the diagnosis of human malignant melanoma. In this work, a novel magnetic electrode-based label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) immunosensor for quantitative detection of CD146 was established. Gold nanoparticles functionalized magnetic graphene sheets (Au@Fe3O4@GS) with good biocompatibility and electron transfer ability were used as transducing materials to achieve efficient conjugation of capture antibodies and signal amplification of the proposed immunosensor. For the facile and firm immobilization of magnetic transducing materials, the proposed immunosensor was fabricated on a magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE). The effective immobilization of Au@Fe3O4@GS through the magnetic force of MGCE played a significant role in improving the stability and sensitivity of the proposed immunosensor. The EIS method was employed to record the impedance change of electrodes modified with different concentrations of CD146. The label-free EIS immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range from 5 pg mL−1 to 500 ng mL−1 with a low detection limit of 2.5 pg mL−1 for CD146. The proposed immunosensor displayed an electrochemical performance with good reproducibility, selectivity and stability, which could provide potential applications in the clinical diagnosis of biomarkers.
Randomized Trial of 30 Versus 20 Gy in the Adjuvant Treatment of Stage I Testicular Seminoma: A Report on Medical Research Council Trial TE18, European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 30942 (ISRCTN18525328) (2005)

Treatment with 20 Gy in 10 fractions is unlikely to produce relapse rates more than 3% higher than for standard 30 Gy radiation therapy, and data on an additional 469 patients randomly assigned in a subsequent trial support and strengthen these results. Reductions in morbidity enable patients to return to work more rapidly. Prolonged follow-up is required before any inference can be made about any impact of allocated treatment on new primary cancer diagnoses.
Fig S3 from The NADH Oxidase ENOX1, a Critical Mediator of Endothelial Cell Radiosensitization, Is Crucial for Vascular Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 3827K, Characterization of Enox1 morphants&lt;/p&gt;
Spatial Polarization Characteristics of Wide-angle Scanning Slot Phased Array (2018)

Antenna polarization states always varied with scan direction, a new concept of spatial polarization characteristics of antenna is defined in this thesis. Phased-array behaves distinct property compared to mechanically-scanned antenna. The wave-guide slot phased array is used in this paper to study the polarization property with wide angle scan in airspace. Theoretical analysis and simulation proved that the lobe property and polarization changes not much in the case of small azimuth and elevation scanning angle. However, there is dramatic increase of cross polarization component in the main lobe with wide scanning angle. This characteristic can be applied to measure the target polarization scattering property in phased array radar searching stage. Based on the single polarized radar antenna, a novel polarization scattering matrix (PSM) measurement method is proposed by sufficiently utilizing the inherent polarization property of antenna which is not constant but a function of antenna's spatial scanning direction. Two orthogonal polarization channels are not required in this method. Just by using the prior knowledge of antenna polarization characteristics and improving the signal processing mode of received radar signal, the PSM of target can be obtained.
Adaptive dropout for training deep neural networks (2013)

Recently, it was shown that deep neural networks can perform very well if the activities of hidden units are regularized during learning, e.g, by randomly dropping out 50% of their activities. We describe a method called 'standout' in which a binary belief network is overlaid on a neural network and is used to regularize of its hidden units by selectively setting activities to zero. This 'adaptive dropout network' can be trained jointly with the neural network by approximately computing local expectations of binary dropout variables, computing derivatives using back-propagation, and using stochastic gradient descent. Interestingly, experiments show that the learnt dropout network parameters recapitulate the neural network parameters, suggesting that a good dropout network regularizes activities according to magnitude. When evaluated on the MNIST and NORB datasets, we found that our method achieves lower classification error rates than other feature learning methods, including standard dropout, denoising auto-encoders, and restricted Boltzmann machines. For example, our method achieves 0.80% and 5.8% errors on the MNIST and NORB test sets, which is better than state-of-the-art results obtained using feature learning methods, including those that use convolutional architectures.
Synthesis of some quinoline intermediates under phase transfer catalyst (2009)

The microwave synthesis of quinoline alkaloid 4-methoxyquinolin-2(1H)-one 3a and its analogues 3b-e was achieved in 8-11 minutes by methoxydechlorinated of 4-chloroquinolin-2(1H)ones 2a-e using TBAB as phase transfer catalyst. The starting compound obtained by selective decholorination of 1a-e by sodium acetate/acetic acid and the structure of synthesized compound has been established by IR, 1 H-NMR and Mass spectral data.
Towards the design of molecular cells for quantum cellular automata: critical reconsideration of the parameter regime for achieving functionality (2021)

In this article, we present a critical discussion of the parametric regimes required for reaching the functionality of the two-electron square-planar tetrameric mixed-valence (MV) complexes as molecular cells in quantum cellular automata (QCA). Previous studies on molecular QCA were restricted by the limit case of strong Coulomb interaction that was supposed to be the only way to ensure such two key requirements for functioning QCA cells as bistability and switchability. It was thus assumed that the site-to-site electron transfer energy <i>t</i> should be much smaller than the energy <i>U</i> of the Coulomb repulsion between the two excess electrons (strong-<i>U</i> limit defined by the inequality <i>U</i> ≫ <i>t</i>). Unlike those studies, here, we develop a generalized theoretical approach within which no restricting assumptions are implied on the relative strength of the intracell Coulomb interaction, electron transfer, the vibronic coupling with "breathing" modes of redox sites and the external electrostatic field of the driver cell acting on the working cell. We demonstrate that dominating Coulomb repulsion is not the only source of bistability and switchability, but such key features of QCA cell can be reached even in systems in which the strong-<i>U</i> limit is violated, provided that the vibronic coupling is strong enough. Such a reconsideration of the parameter regime for achieving proper functionality is expected to essentially enlarge the family of MV molecules, which can be used as molecular QCA cells.