gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Goosegrass Detection in Strawberry and Tomato Using a Convolutional Neural Network (2020)

Goosegrass is a problematic weed species in Florida vegetable plasticulture production. To reduce costs associated with goosegrass control, a post-emergence precision applicator is under development for use atop the planting beds. To facilitate in situ goosegrass detection and spraying, tiny- You Only Look Once 3 (YOLOv3-tiny) was evaluated as a potential detector. Two annotation techniques were evaluated: (1) annotation of the entire plant (EP) and (2) annotation of partial sections of the leaf blade (LB). For goosegrass detection in strawberry, the F-score was 0.75 and 0.85 for the EP and LB derived networks, respectively. For goosegrass detection in tomato, the F-score was 0.56 and 0.65 for the EP and LB derived networks, respectively. The LB derived networks increased recall at the cost of precision, compared to the EP derived networks. The LB annotation method demonstrated superior results within the context of production and precision spraying, ensuring more targets were sprayed with some over-spraying on false targets. The developed network provides online, real-time, and in situ detection capability for weed management field applications such as precision spraying and autonomous scouts.
Nanolithography Toolbox: Device design at the nanoscale (2017)

We have developed a platform-independent software package for designing nanometer scaled device architectures. The Nanolithography Toolbox is applicable to a broad range of design tasks in the fabrication of microscale and nanoscale devices.
Gicerin/Cd146 is involved in zebrafish cardiovascular development and tumor angiogenesis (2010)

Angiogenesis plays an important role in vertebrate development and tumor growth. In this process, gicerin, which is known as a kind of cell adhesion molecule, has recently been reported to play an important role but its in vivo function is still unclear in developing vasculature. To address this issue, we used gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses of gicerin in zebrafish. In the gain of function experiments using enforced expression of various domains of gicerin constructs, extracellular domain induced angiogenic sprouting defects, most notably in the intersegmental vessels, whereas the cytoplasmic domain of gicerin did not affect angiogenic sprouting. Moreover, morpholino-mediated knockdown of gicerin in embryos resulted in angiogenic sprouting defects in intersegmental vessels. Mechanistically, the angiogenic function of gicerin was found to be genetically linked to VEGF signaling in the knock-down experiments using vegf-a mRNA, VEGFR inhibitor and gicerin morpholino. In addition to the physiological angiogenesis during development, gicerin morphants efficiently blocked the tumor angiogenesis in zebrafish. Thus, knock-down of gicerin might have an important implication in controlling tumor angiogenesis.
Flights of fancy (2021)

In response to the Frontiers article “Protons could be lighter than thought” (October p5), in which Isabelle Dumé explored new measurements of the proton–electron mass ratio.
Multiobjective Games and Determining Pareto-Nash Equilibria (2005)

We consider the multiobjective noncooperative games with vector payoff functions of players. Pareto-Nash equilibria conditions for such class of games are formulated and algorithms for determining Pareto-Nash equilibria are proposed.
High-Precision Measurement of Variations in Calcium Isotope Ratios in Urine by Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (2011)

We describe a new chemical separation method to isolate Ca from other matrix elements in biological samples, developed with the long-term goal of making high-precision measurement of natural stable Ca isotope variations a clinically applicable tool to assess bone mineral balance. A new two-column procedure utilizing HBr achieves the purity required to accurately and precisely measure two Ca isotope ratios ((44)Ca/(42)Ca and (44)Ca/(43)Ca) on a Neptune multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS) in urine. Purification requirements for Sr, Ti, and K (Ca/Sr > 10 000; Ca/Ti > 10 000 000; and Ca/K > 10) were determined by addition of these elements to Ca standards of known isotopic composition. Accuracy was determined by (1) comparing Ca isotope results for samples and standards to published data obtained using thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), (2) adding a Ca standard of known isotopic composition to a urine sample purified of Ca, and (3) analyzing mixtures of urine samples and standards in varying proportions. The accuracy and precision of δ(44/42)Ca measurements of purified samples containing 25 μg of Ca can be determined with typical errors less than ±0.2‰ (2σ).
Male sterility in Mcl-1-flox mice is not due to enhanced Mcl1 protein stability (2016)

protein in thymic extracts from Mcl1-flox-del and Mcl1-flox mice.Note the size correction in Mcl1-flox-del mice compared to the protein from Mcl1-flox mice.(b) Sections through testis (iiii) and epididymis (ivvi) from WT, Mcl1-flox and Mcl1flox-del homozygous mice.Note the complete absence of mature sperm in the epididymides of both floxed strains
Mucoadhesive cellulose Nanocrystal-chitosan nanocomposite for the delivery of hydrophobic compounds (2023)

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have received much attention as a drug delivery agent, but their hydrophilic nature hinders hydrophobic drug loading. Ionotropic gelation using CNC and chitosan (CS) can enhance the loading/encapsulation efficiency of hydrophobic compounds, improve colloidal stability, and strengthen mucoadhesion due to the cationic surface of CS. The colloidal behavior of CNC/CS nanocomposites loaded with emamectin benzoate (EMB) were elucidated by measuring particle size, zeta potential, contact angle, and morphological structure using transmission electron microscopy. The mucoadhesive properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated by viscometric and titration method, followed by testing with zebrafish mucus. A facile and reproducible protocol to synthesize mucoadhesive CNC/CS nanocomposites that can encapsulate hydrophobic drugs is demonstrated. The optimal mass ratio for the synthesis was 1:10 (CS:CNC w/w), yielding the smallest average particle size (∼200 nm), highest zeta potentials (+40 mV), and highest drug encapsulation efficiency (68.8 ± 8.7%). The steric stabilization effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and amphiphilic CNC stabilized the colloidal system. Importantly, the CS-coating technique enhanced the colloidal stability due to electrostatic intramolecular repulsion of the positively charged CS. CNC/CS nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mucoadhesive interaction with porcine mucin protein and live zebrafish mucus.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Formal [2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ketenes with Nitroso Compounds Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes. (2011)

Abstract DPT is effective in the reaction of the aryl(alkyl)ketenes with a nitroso compound (II).
Preparation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Coated Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites (2018)

Uniform and dense nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) coating with nanorod-shaped structure was fabricated on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by combining electrodeposition with biomineralization. The CNTs with nHA coating (nHA–CNTs) were used as reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of HA. Firstly, a mixed acid solution of nitric acid and sulfuric acid was used to treat CNTs (NS–CNTs). The dispersion of NS–CNTs was obviously improved, and O-containing functional groups were grafted on the surfaces of NS–CNTs by treatment. Then, calcium phosphate (CaP) was deposited on NS–CNTs by electrodeposition, and NS–CNTs were provided with numerous active nucleation sites for the next coating preparation process. Then nanorod-shaped HA crystals were obtained on the surfaces of NS–CNTs by biomineralization. Using the CNTs with nHA coating (nHA–CNTs) as reinforcement, HA-based composites reinforced with CNTs and nHA–CNTs (nHA–CNTs/HA) were fabricated by pressure-less process. Bending strength and fracture toughness of 1.0 wt % nHA–CNTs reinforced HA composites (HAnC1) reaches a maximum (30.77 MPa and 2.59 MPa), which increased by 26.94% and 7.02% compared with 1.0 wt % CNTs reinforced HA composites, respectively. Importantly, the fracture toughness of HAnC1 is within the range of that to compact bone. This work provides theoretical and practical guidance for preparing nHA coating on nanomaterials. It also contributes to the potential application of nHA–CNTs/HA composites for artificial bone implants.
UltraNet: an architecture for gigabit networking (2002)

UltraNet, a multigigabit/second integrated network, is designed to deliver the highest possible effective performance, which is defined to be the application-to-application transfer rate using a standard programming interface. It uses data links that operate up to 1 Gb/s and very high-speed bridges to connect them into a multigigabit seamless fabric. UltraNet is different from many local area networks in that it provides more than just a data link. It also provides a set of transport layer services, both connection-oriented and connectionless, at a very high transfer rate. An overview of the system architecture is presented and the performance of various UltraNet configurations, the rationale behind its design, and the current implementation are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dielectric Properties of La, Sm Ion-Doped BST-Based Ceramics (2011)

It is important to develop a new special material to meet the requirement of advanced industry. The BST (Ba 0.8 Sr 0.2 TiO 3 ) ceramics doped La 2 O 3 and Sm 2 O 3 was fabricated by the conventional method, and was tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Complex Impedance Testing Instrument, LCR Tester with temperature controlling systems. The results indicate that dielectric property of BST-based ceramics doped 0.05 mol% La 2 O 3 and 0.2 mol% Sm 2 O 3 simultaneously is the best, and Sm 2 O 3 had applications of removing T c of matrix material to a low temperature and making peak wider. The calcining temperature of samples was 1280 °C.
<b>THE CYTOSKELETON IN MYELINATED AXONS: SERIAL SECTION </b><b>STUDY </b> (1981)

The three-dimensional arrangement and continuity of microtubules and neurofilaments in myelinated axons of the mouse saphenous nerve were analyzed using the serial section method. The course of individual microtubules was followed in two sets of transversely cut serial sections for the internodal region and in one set for the nodal region, and approximately 97%, 96%, and 94% of all microtubules, respectively, were continuous within the examined 10 pm-long segments. Assuming that all microtubules are homogeneous in length, their average length was calculated to be about 370-760 nm. Furthermore, the number of microtubules was not constant but fluctuated slightly along the 185 rim-long segment of one myelinated axon. The results favor the hypothesis that microtubules in the myelinated axon are long, but do not extend the entire length of the axon. On the other hand, neurofilaments decreased remarkably in number at the node of Ranvier, indicating that most of them were discontinuous at the nodal region.
Iterative Decoding in the Presence of Strong Phase Noise (2004)

We present some iterative decoding algorithms for channels affected by strong phase noise. The proposed algorithms are obtained as an application of the sum-product algorithm to the factor graph representing the joint a posteriori probability mass function of the information bits given the channel output. To overcome the problems due to the presence in the factor graph of continuous random variables, we advocate the method of canonical distributions. For several choices of canonical distributions, we derive the corresponding iterative decoding algorithms and compare their performance by computer simulation. We present numerical results for binary LDPC codes and LDPC-coded modulation, with particular reference to some phase-noise models and coded-modulation formats standardized in the next-generation satellite Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-S2). Our results show that phase noise, with a rate of change typical of the instabilities of satellite transmitter and receiver oscillators, does not entail significant degradation with respect to the case of a perfectly coherent channel.
Effect of plasma exchange in accelerating natalizumab clearance and restoring leukocyte function (2009)

Plasma exchange (PLEX) accelerated clearance of natalizumab, and at natalizumab concentrations below 1 mug/mL, desaturation of alpha4-integrin was observed. Also, CCL2-induced leukocyte transmigration across an in vitro blood-brain barrier was increased after PLEX. Therefore, PLEX may be effective in restoring immune effector function in natalizumab-treated patients.
Investigations of impacts of junction design on emissions: are our junctions sustainable? (2013)

Purpose - An investigation of the driving behaviour and impacts on emission at two traffic junctionsDesign/methodology/approach - A signalised junction and a roundabout in Edinburgh have been selected. An instrumented car has been used and a GPS to monitor driving activities as well as a gas analyser to monitor the vehicle’s emissions during the evening peak hourFindings - Vehicles’ emissions are affected by a large number of factors including characteristics of the engine and the vehicle, characteristics of the road, the fuel used as well as driving behaviourOriginality/value - Different methods and approaches have been used to investigate behaviour of vehicles at various traffic junctions. The main aim however, has mostly been to reduce travel times as well as traffic delays and queues at the junction. Consideration of environmental impacts have been also considered but often as a by product of congestion reduction and not as a main aim
Rhizobial diversity is associated with inoculation history at a two-continent scale (2022)

A total of 120 Mesorhizobium strains collected from the central dry zone of Myanmar were analyzed in a pot experiment to evaluate nodulation and symbiotic effectiveness (SE%) in chickpea plants. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all strains belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium according to 16-23S rDNA IGS and the majority of chickpea nodulating rhizobia in Myanmar soils were most closely related to M. gobiense, M. muleiense, M. silamurunense, M. tamadayense and M. temperatum. Around two-thirds of the Myanmar strains (68%) were most closely related to Indian strain IC-2058 (CA-181), which is also most closely related to M. gobiense. There were no strains that were closely related to the cognate rhizobial species to nodulate chickpea: M. ciceri and M. mediterraneum. Strains with diverse 16S-23S rDNA IGS shared similar nodC and nifH gene sequences with chickpea symbionts. Detailed sequence analysis of nodC and nifH found that the strains in Myanmar were somewhat divergent from the group including M. ciceri and were more closely related to M. muleiense and IC-2058. A cross-continent analysis between strains isolated in Australia compared with Myanmar found that there was little overlap in species, where Australian soils were dominated with M. ciceri, M. temperatum and M. huakuii. The only co-occurring species found in both Myanmar and Australia were M. tamadayense and M. silumurunense. Continued inoculation with CC1192 may have reduced diversity of chickpea strains in Australian soils. Isolated strains in Australian and Myanmar had similar adaptive traits, which in some cases were also phylogenetically related. The genetic discrepancy between chickpea nodulating strains in Australia and Myanmar is not only due to inoculation history but to adaptation to soil conditions and crop management over a long period, and there has been virtually no loss of symbiotic efficiency over this time in strains isolated from soils in Myanmar.
Dextromethorphan Plus Ultra Low‐Dose Quinidine Reduces Pseudobulbar Affect (2010)

DMq markedly reduced PBA frequency and severity, decreasing the condition's detrimental impact on a patient's life, with satisfactory safety and high tolerability. The findings expand the clinical evidence that DMq may be an important treatment for patients suffering from the socially debilitating symptoms of PBA.
Association of phase angle with sarcopenia in chronic musculoskeletal pain patients: a retrospective study (2023)

Phase angle may be a valid discriminator of sarcopenia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Semi-Parametric Color Reproduction Method for Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Displays (2015)

The fundamental issues in Augmented Reality (AR) are on how to naturally mediate the reality with virtual content as seen by users. In AR applications with Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Displays (OST-HMD), the issues often raise the problem of rendering color on the OST-HMD consistently to input colors. However, due to various display constraints and eye properties, it is still a challenging task to indistinguishably reproduce the colors on OST-HMDs. An approach to solve this problem is to pre-process the input color so that a user perceives the output color on the display to be the same as the input. We propose a color calibration method for OST-HMDs. We start from modeling the physical optics in the rendering and perception process between the HMD and the eye. We treat the color distortion as a semi-parametric model which separates the non-linear color distortion and the linear color shift. We demonstrate that calibrated images regain their original appearance on two OST-HMD setups with both synthetic and real datasets. Furthermore, we analyze the limitations of the proposed method and remaining problems of the color reproduction in OST-HMDs. We then discuss how to realize more practical color reproduction methods for future HMD-eye system.
Data archive for the journal article: "Comparison of co–located rBC and EC mass concentration measurements during field campaigns at several European sites" (2021)

Data archive accompanying the peer-reviewed journal article "Comparison of co–located rBC and EC mass concentration measurements during field campaigns at several European sites". In January 2021 this article was accepted for publication in the journal <em>Atmospheric Measurement </em><em>Techniques</em>. Data are uploaded in the form of Igor 8.0 graphics source files (.pxp) and data exported to Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx).
An optimally scalable and cost-effective fractional-pixel motion estimation algorithm for HEVC (2013)

Fractional-pixel motion compensation is still one of the most time-consuming parts in the upcoming High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. In this paper, we propose an optimally scalable and cost-effective fractional-pixel motion estimation (FPME) algorithm to optimally fit to different and varying constrains of computing resources. Our main contribution include two aspects. Firstly, an optimally scalable and cost-effective FPME algorithm based on a cost-benefit analysis is proposed, where we present a improved fractional-pixel MV prediction method and a new cost-effective priority for each search point in HEVC. Secondly, a complexity adjustment strategy is delivered to enable the ability for the FPME to adjust its complexity to match different given constraints on time. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve best R-D performance while optimally adjust its complexity, based on any given time constraints. As a side product, the proposed algorithm can also serve as the best fast algorithm which has already reduced computing complexity by a factor 74% with almost no loss on PSNR and bitrates.
Expression of CD40 and CD40 Ligand in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of the Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Clinical Significance (2001)

Objective To investigate the role of CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its clinical significance. Methods Applying RT-PCR technique to semiquantitatively analyze CD40 and CD40L mRNA expression in PBMC from 34 SLE patients. Results Compared with normal controls, the positive CD40L expression accounted for 88.24％ of active SLE patients(P 0.001); the mean level of CD40L mRNA expression in active SLE group was markedly increased as well (P 0.0001). However, there were no statistical differences in positive rate of CD40 and the average level of CD40 mRNA between the two groups(P 0.05, both). Conclusions The abnormal expression of CD40L might play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE, and the level of CD40L might be used as one the indices for active SLE.
Abstract 1477: Identification and Functional Analysis of Protein Interaction Partners of the Estrogen Receptor Alpha in the Human Heart (2008)

Background and aims: Estrogens (E2) are important regulators of physiological and pathological processes in various target tissues, including the human heart. Most of the biological actions of E2 are mediated by nuclear steroid receptors, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERα), which function as hormone-inducible transcription factors. ERs act in concert with other regulatory elements to mediate estrogenic effects. So far, only few cofactors of ERs have been described in the human heart. To gain a better understanding of E2-mediated ERα action in the human heart, we identified and functionally analyzed the interaction partners of ERα. Methods: The yeast two hybrid screen (YTH) was performed in the presence of E2 with ERα as bait in a human heart cDNA library. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis (Co-IP) with human atrial proteins was carried out to confirm the interaction in a mammalian system. Immunofluorescence (IF) methods were employed on human atrial tissue samples as well as in cotransfected AC16 cells to analyze the co-localisation of ERα and its binding partners. Promoter reporter assays were performed to show the regulation of the identified interaction partner by ERα. Results: Yeast two hybrid screening of a human heart library revealed that ERα interacts with the atrial natriuretic peptide precursor A (NPPA). Retransformation experiments showed that NPPA can interact with ERα full-length and the ERα-EF domain in an E2-dependent manner. The LxxLL-motif of NPPA was found to interact with the ERα-EF domain in yeast. The interaction of NPPA and ERα was also confirmed using proteins derived from human atrium by Co-IP. IF analysis showed that E2 treatment of AC16 cells led to an increased translocation of NPPA and ERα in the nucleus of AC16 cells and also their co-localization there. Furthermore, expression analysis with NPPA luciferase promoter constructs showed a significant increase in the promoter activity in the presence of E2/ERα. Conclusion: We showed the interaction of ERα and NPPA in an E2-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that the E2-activated ERα and NPPA complex binds to specific regions on the NPPA promoter leading to transcriptional regulation of the NPPA gene.
A Versatile Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Deoxyfebrifugine, an Antimalarial Alkaloid Analogue, and Related Compounds. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.