gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progress in sweeteners (1989)

Progress in sweeteners , Progress in sweeteners , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Development of Information Ethics in Library and Information Science in Taiwan (2011)

We are facing a growing concern on the social and ethical issues that comes from the increasing reliance on the information technology in information era. Findings of past research point out that Information Ethics is an important issue, and should become a mandatory course for Library and Information Science education. However, the field of Library and Information Science is still developing to value the concept of information ethics and surrounding issues. This article introduces the origin and definitions of information ethics, and analyzes its development in education and research in the field of Library and Information Science in Taiwan over the sixteen years from 1994-2010. We hope to arrive at a further understanding on the issues of "information ethics" and to establish conformity of using the term "information ethics". In addition, we also hope that the results of the study will serve as a reference for educators and researchers in promoting information ethics. Finally, we propose suggestions for the planning of teaching and curriculum direction. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)
Class-specific antibody response to lymphocytosis promoting factor (LPF) and fimbriae (F) in pertussis. (1985)

IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies to lymphocytosis promoting factor and fimbriae were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay in seropositive and/or culture-positive patients without symptoms of pertussis, culture-negative patients with typical whooping cough symptoms, and culture-positive patients with typical symptoms. The culture-negative patients with typical symptoms had higher antibody levels in the first specimens and stronger responses to these antigens than the other patients. Antibody levels in the first specimens and antibody responses did not correlate with patients' age and duration of symptoms before taking of the first specimens. Thus, no correlation occurred between the symptoms of pertussis and antibody levels or antibody responses to fimbriae or lymphocytosis promoting factor. Bacteria were less likely to be isolated from those with strong antibody responses and this stresses the need of using both isolation and serology in the diagnosis of pertussis.
Survivability Issues in Optical and Optical Wireless Access Networks: Monitoring Trail Deployment for Fault Localization in All-Optical Networks and Radio-over-Fiber Passive Optical Networks (2012)

In this book, the m-trail design is explored and a focus is given to the analysis on using m-trails with established lightpaths to achieve fault localization. A novel approach based on Geographic Midpoint Technique, an adapted version of the Chinese Postmans Problem (CPP) solution and an adapted version of the Traveling Salesmans Problem (TSP) solution algorithms is introduced. An innovative design of Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) systems for wireless services integrated in a Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is proposed. The Radio Frequency (RF) signal is obtained by using optical heterodyning photo detection method. A revision of related RoF network proposals and experiments is also included. A number of models for Passive Optical Networks (PON)/ RoF-PON that combine both innovative and existing ideas along with a number of solutions for m-trail design problem of these models are proposed. The comparison between these models uses the expected survivability function which proved that these models are liable to be implemented in the new and existing PON/ RoF-PON systems. This dissertation is followed by recommendation of possible directions for future research in this area.
Chemokines and Antimicrobial Peptides Have a cag -Dependent Early Response to Helicobacter pylori Infection in Primary Human Gastric Epithelial Cells (2014)

Helicobacter pylori infection systematically causes chronic gastric inflammation that can persist asymptomatically or evolve toward more severe gastroduodenal pathologies, such as ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer. The cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) of H. pylori allows translocation of the virulence protein CagA and fragments of peptidoglycan into host cells, thereby inducing production of chemokines, cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides. In order to characterize the inflammatory response to H. pylori, a new experimental protocol for isolating and culturing primary human gastric epithelial cells was established using pieces of stomach from patients who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy. Isolated cells expressed markers indicating that they were mucin-secreting epithelial cells. Challenge of primary epithelial cells with H. pylori B128 underscored early dose-dependent induction of expression of mRNAs of the inflammatory mediators CXCL1 to -3, CXCL5, CXCL8, CCL20, BD2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In AGS cells, significant expression of only CXCL5 and CXCL8 was observed following infection, suggesting that these cells were less reactive than primary epithelial cells. Infection of both cellular models with H. pylori B128ΔcagM, a cag PAI mutant, resulted in weak inflammatory-mediator mRNA induction. At 24 h after infection of primary epithelial cells with H. pylori, inflammatory-mediator production was largely due to cag PAI substrate-independent virulence factors. Thus, H. pylori cag PAI substrate appears to be involved in eliciting an epithelial response during the early phases of infection. Afterwards, other virulence factors of the bacterium take over in development of the inflammatory response. Using a relevant cellular model, this study provides new information on the modulation of inflammation during H. pylori infection.
Flexible cooking zone with 2D mobile inductors in induction hobs (2012)

In this paper, we study different solutions of flexible cooking zones for induction hobs. Particularly, we focus on the usage of mobile inductors in two dimensions. The main contribution is the development of a mobile induction system which allows to heat circular pots with any size, in any position, with a homogeneous heat distribution. The good performance of this solution is tested experimentally. We present a theoretical model of the induction heating process which we use to analyze the heat distribution in a pot, and the main parameters of the problem. We also evaluate different heating strategies with a prototype with one double mobile inductor. From the obtained results, we can establish the best activation strategy of the inductor rings and the motion strategy as a function of the size of the heated pot.
Shale Gas Activity and Increased Rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Ohio, 2000-2016 (2018)

Background: The shale gas (&amp;#8220;fracking&amp;#8221;) industry depends on a mobile workforce, whose influx could have social impacts on host communities. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can increase through sexual mixing patterns associated with labor migration. No prior studies have quantified the relationship between shale gas activity and rates of three reportable STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.Methods: We conducted a longitudinal, ecologic study from 2000-2016 in Ohio, situated in a prolific shale gas region in the United States (US). Data on reported cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis by county and year were obtained from the Ohio Department of Health. All 88 counties were classified as none, low, and high shale gas activity in each year, using data from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. Annual rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated from mixed-effects Poisson regression models evaluating the relationship between shale gas activity and reported annual STI rates while adjusting for secular trends and potential confounders obtained from the US Census.Results: Compared to counties with no shale gas activity, counties with high activity had 21% (RR&amp;#61;1.21; 95%CI&amp;#61;1.08-1.36) increased rates of chlamydia and 19% (RR&amp;#61;1.19; 95%CI&amp;#61;0.98-1.44) increased rates of gonorrhea, respectively. No association was observed for syphilis.Conclusion: This first report of a link between shale gas activity and increased rates of both chlamydia and gonorrhea may inform local policies and community health efforts.
Assessment of the transformation of equine skin–derived fibroblasts to multinucleated skeletal myotubes following lentiviral-induced expression of equine myogenic differentiation 1 (2008)

Equine primary fibroblasts were transformed by lentiviral transduction of eqMyoD into fusion-competent myoblasts. This may offer a preferable alternative to primary myoblast cultures for the investigation of cellular defects associated with muscle diseases of horses, such as recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis and polysaccharide storage myopathy.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy Study of Alcohol—Solute Interactions in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (1992)

The addition of cosolvent to a supercritical fluid (SCF) can enhance both solubilities and selectivities through specific interactions with the solute of interest. Characterizing the phase behavior in these solutions calls for a molecular level understanding of the local solvent structure and interaction strength around the solute. We describe fluorescence spectroscopy experiments to probe the structure and interaction between methyl alcohol cosolvent and the solute 7-azaindole. The results indicate that the interaction between cosolvent and solute in these systems is quite different than the usual hydrogen bonding observed in liquids. Specifically, there is a clear interaction between solutes and alcohol even at 0.5% alcohol but there is no evidence for stoichiometric hydrogen bonded complexes in supercritical fluid solutions.
Anti-metastatic effect of rhodomyrtone from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa on human skin cancer cells (2017)

This study focused on the inhibitory effect of rhodomyrtone, a bioactive compound isolated from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk., on cancer metastasis in epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells and on the verification of the underlying related molecular mechanisms of this event. We demonstrated that rhodomyrtone at the subcytotoxic concentration (0.5 and 1.5 µg/ml) exhibited pronounced inhibition of cancer metastasis by reducing cell migration, cell adhesive ability and cell invasion of A431 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Data demonstrated that rhodomyrtone could inhibit the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), c-Raf, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK involved in the downregulation the enzyme activities and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. Moreover, we found that rhodomyrtone increased the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, which are inhibitors of MMP-9 and MMP-2, respectively. Rhodomyrtone also inhibited the expression of NF-κB and phosphorylation of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that rhodomyrtone inhibited A431 cell metastasis by reducing MMP-2/9 activities and expression through inhibiting ERK1/2, p38 and FAK/Akt signaling pathways via NF-κB activities. This finding suggested that rhodomyrtone may be a novel antimetastasis agent for treatment of skin cancer cells.
Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry Studies of Proteins:  Dipole Alignment in Ion Mobility Spectrometry? (2006)

Approaches to separation and characterization of ions based on their mobilities in gases date back to the 1960s. Conventional ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) measures the absolute mobility, and field asymmetric waveform IMS (FAIMS) exploits the difference between mobilities at high and low electric fields. However, in all previous IMS and FAIMS experiments ions experienced an essentially free rotation; thus the separation was based on the orientationally averaged cross-sections Omega(avg) between ions and buffer gas molecules. Virtually all large ions are permanent electric dipoles that will be oriented by a sufficiently strong electric field. Under typical FAIMS conditions this will occur for dipole moments >400 D, found for many macroions including most proteins above approximately 30 kDa. Mobilities of aligned dipoles depend on directional cross-sections Omega(dir) (rather than Omega(avg)), which should have a major effect on FAIMS separation parameters. Here we report the FAIMS behavior of electrospray-ionization-generated ions for 10 proteins up to approximately 70 kDa. Those above 29 kDa exhibit a strong increase of mobility at high field, which is consistent with predicted ion dipole alignment. This effect expands the useful FAIMS separation power by an order of magnitude, allowing separation of up to approximately 10(2) distinct protein conformers and potentially revealing information about Omega(dir) and ion dipole moment that is of utility for structural characterization. Possible approaches to extending dipole alignment to smaller ions are discussed.
Measurements of Gas-Liquid Interfacial Temperature in Gas Absorption with Heat Generation (1978)

線径20μm可動の熱電対を用いて液柱の気液界面温度を, NH3ガス-HCI, -HNO3, -H2SO4水溶液系およびSO2ガス-NaOH水溶液系について測定した.NH3ガス-H2O系の物理吸収において, 界面温度上昇は液体温度一定のもとでは, 液柱生成ノズルからの距離によらずほとんど変化しなかった.液本体温度が増加すると界面温度上昇は漸次減少した.溶解熱は界面で, 反応熱は反応面で発生するとして計算した界面温度と実測値とは, NH3ガス-酸水溶液系では0～3mol/lの濃度範囲で, SO2ガス-NaOH水溶液系では0～1.5mol/lの濃度範囲でよく一致した。
Behandlung bei heparin-induzierter kutaner Reaktion mit einem niedermolekularen Heparin-Analog (2008)

Deep vein thrombosis in the leg and pelvis was seen in a 26-year old woman during the seventh month of pregnancy. 20 days after initial administration of heparin sodium, a local, markedly progressing erythema and induration was observed at the subcutaneous injection sites. The same cutaneous reactions occurred after application of heparin calcium. Following oral anticoagulation treatment with phenprocoumon, the patient was treated towards the end of pregnancy and directly post partum with a low-molecular semisynthetic heparin analogue without any side effects. The skin test again showed good tolerance of another heparin analogue and a low-molecular heparin.
A comparative study of several transition metals in Fenton-like reaction systems at circum-neutral pH (2003)

The N, N'-(5-nitro-1,3-phenylene) bisglutaramide hydroxylation assay for spectrophotometric determination of the rate of oxidising species generation in Fenton-like systems was used to obtain comparative data for Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe( III), Mn(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II). The pH range of interest was 5.5- 9.5 and was controlled by addition of an appropriate phosphate buffer. The temperature of the reaction mixture was controlled in the range 25-80 degreesC. The rates of production of oxidising species at pH 7 decrease in the following order: Cu(II) &gt; Cr(III) &gt; Co(II) &gt; Fe(III) &gt; Mn(II) &gt; Ni(II), while Cd(II) and Zn( II) did not exhibit any catalytic activity and Ni( II) only led to a significant production of oxidising species at pH &gt; 7.5. In mixtures of Cu( II) and Fe( III) the rate of oxidising species production may be considered as the sum of contributions of individual metals. This was not the case of a mixture containing additional small amounts of Zn( II), Co( II) and Mn( II). The later two had strong pro-oxidative effects, the addition of Zn( II) had an anti-oxidative effect. Apparent activation energies for oxidising species generation are in the range 75- 110 kJ mol(-1), and decrease in the following order: Cu( II) &gt; Ni( II) &gt; Mn( II) &gt; Fe( III) &gt; Co( II).
Fast Degradation of Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin in Municipal Water under Hydrodynamic Cavitation/Plasma with CeO2 Nanocatalyst (2022)

Although water contamination with drug residues is a threat to public health, there are currently barely any effective methods of purifying water from pharmaceutical substances. In this study, continuous-flow sonoplasma treatment was used for the complete degradation of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin in polluted municipal water. The addition of CeO2 nanoparticles as catalysts significantly increased the degradation rate of the antibiotics, and a degradation degree of 70% was achieved. The presence of reactive oxygen species in the CeO2-nanoparticle-containing sonoplasma-treated system was experimentally proven for the first time using the chemiluminescence technique.
A small portable detector head using mis-contacted CdTe for X-ray spectrometry (1977)

The technique of applying thin insulating layers (mylar) as blocking contacts for semiconductor radiation detectors is discussed. A versatile head consisting of a 2 mm thick, 10 mm diameter CdTe crystal cooled by a miniature Peltier element has been realized on this principle. Its performance is discussed. For the best material, a FWHM of 2 keV was achieved for 90 keV γ-rays and a peak to Compton ratio of 2 : 1 for 662 keV. However, most of the crystals show severe hole trapping, leading to poorer results.
Spectral entropy: an alternative indicator for rate allocation? (2002)

We introduce an approach to speech segment classification that differs from the usual energy, correlation, and zero-crossing criteria. Instead, we measure the gross shape of the short-term speech spectrum using spectral entropy to derive some indication of effective bandwidth. We propose to lower the required encoding rate by compensating for dynamic variations in signal bandwidth. We show that the spectral entropy can be used effectively to determine regions of voicing activity even in extreme background noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Research of Fixtures and Rotation Error Compensation on Five-axis Machining (2012)

This paper presents a new post processing method of fixtures and jigs and rotation error compensation,according to machine movement,establishes mathematical model of a bench/cutter rotate swing-type machine VMC1250.through the VB language,developed a post processing software of the five-axis NC machine tool.Through blades processing verified the correctness and practicability of this post processor,which also can meet the engineering requirement.
Enantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to enones catalyzed by chiral zinc(II) complexes (1990)

Various chiral zinc(II) complexes catalyze the asymmetric 1,4-addition of Grignard reagents to α,β-unsaturated ketones with high chemoselectivities (yields of 1,4-adducts, 83-99%), high regioselectivities (1,4/1,2 ratios up to 499) and modest enantioselectivities (ee up to 33%). A study of several factors, i.e. ligand, solvent, counterions, order and rate of additions, temperature, and the nature of Grignard reagents, that influence the regio- and enantioselectivities is given. Based on the addition of isopropylmagnesium halides to 2-cyclohexenone as a model reaction, it was established that the highest enantioselectivities are reached with in situ prepared zinc complexes derived from optically active diamino alcohol ligands using lithium bases in tetrahydrofuran as the solvent. A mechanistic rationalization is given.
PROARTIS (2013)

Static timing analysis is the state-of-the-art practice of ascertaining the timing behavior of current-generation real-time embedded systems. The adoption of more complex hardware to respond to the increasing demand for computing power in next-generation systems exacerbates some of the limitations of static timing analysis. In particular, the effort of acquiring (1) detailed information on the hardware to develop an accurate model of its execution latency as well as (2) knowledge of the timing behavior of the program in the presence of varying hardware conditions, such as those dependent on the history of previously executed instructions. We call these problems the timing analysis walls. In this vision-statement article, we present probabilistic timing analysis , a novel approach to the analysis of the timing behavior of next-generation real-time embedded systems. We show how probabilistic timing analysis attacks the timing analysis walls; we then illustrate the mathematical foundations on which this method is based and the challenges we face in the effort of efficiently implementing it. We also present experimental evidence that shows how probabilistic timing analysis reduces the extent of knowledge about the execution platform required to produce probabilistically accurate WCET estimations.
Performance Testing of a Large-Format X-ray Reflection Grating Prototype for a Suborbital Rocket Payload (2020)

The soft X-ray grating spectrometer on board the Off-plane Grating Rocket Experiment (OGRE) hopes to achieve the highest resolution soft X-ray spectrum of an astrophysical object when it is launched via suborbital rocket. Paramount to the success of the spectrometer are the performance of the [Formula: see text] reflection gratings populating its reflection grating assembly. To test current grating fabrication capabilities, a grating prototype for the payload was fabricated via electron-beam lithography at The Pennsylvania State University’s Materials Research Institute and was subsequently tested for performance at Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics’ PANTER X-ray Test Facility. Bayesian modeling of the resulting data via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling indicated that the grating achieved the OGRE single-grating resolution requirement of [Formula: see text] at the 94% confidence level. The resulting [Formula: see text] posterior probability distribution suggests that this confidence level is likely a conservative estimate though, since only a finite [Formula: see text] parameter space was sampled and the model could not constrain the upper bound of [Formula: see text] to less than infinity. Raytrace simulations of the tested system found that the observed data can be reproduced with a grating performing at [Formula: see text]. It is therefore postulated that the behavior of the obtained [Formula: see text] posterior probability distribution can be explained by a finite measurement limit of the system and not a finite limit on [Formula: see text]. Implications of these results and improvements to the test setup are discussed.
Immune Modulation by Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Patient with Two Primary Intestinal T-Cell Lymphomas and Long-Standing Celiac Disease (2010)

Tumors may influence immunologic reactions. Here, we report on a 72-year-old patient who suffered from celiac disease (CD) that had been diagnosed 20 years before. Under a normal diet but without any evidence of enteropathy or CD-associated antibodies, the patient developed a jejunal T-cell lymphoma. It was resected due to perforation and four courses of IMVP-16 were added. The patient started and kept a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Two years later, he presented with weight loss and a clonally divergent refractory sprue type II with loss of antigen (CD8; T-cell receptor-beta) expression in intraepithelial lymphocytes. At this time point, he showed high titers of CD-associated antibodies, although he was on a strict GFD. This case report highlights several questions: the missing enteropathy under a gluten-containing diet supports the notion of immune suppression in malignant diseases, especially non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Secondly, the patient developed an early form of a second independent T-cell lymphoma (refractory sprue type II) under a strict GFD, then with CD-associated antibodies, which raises the question whether the clonal intraepithelial lymphocytes were stimulating antibody production. Thus, the single detection of CD-associated antibodies in patients with CD is not itself proof of noncompliance with GFD.