gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new carbon-13 method for determining aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic carbon (1983)

The determination of the relative percentages of aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic carbon in samples of natural origin is important for many petroleum related studies including processing, geological studies, and certain product specifications. The normal method is the n-d-M method which requires the measurement of refractive index, density and molecular weight and a ternary correlation diagram to obtain the relative carbon percentages. It is difficult or inconvenient to make n-d-M measurements of very heavy products and the presence of significant amounts of polar materials makes n-d-M results inaccurate. The average molecular parameters determinable by a number of NMR techniques are directly or indirectly related to the percentage of various carbon types present in the mixture. Unfortunately, all the standard techniques we have examined have some built-in assumption which does not allow the accurate calculation of relative carbon percentages. For example, any proton technique applicable to aromatic fractions will give potentially low values for naphthenic carbon because naphthenic carbon is normally determined from the ..beta..-CH/sub 2/ region of tetralin-type structures (1.65-1.9 ppm). This is a very specific kind of naphthenic structure and to the extent that more than one saturate ring is asymmetrically condensed to the aromatic ring or that the saturatemore » rings are not directly condensed to the aromatic rings, the method will fail.« less
The first step of ABA perception and signal transduction in coffee: evolutionary and expression of PYR/PYL/RCARs, PP2Cs and SNRK2s genes in C. canephora under drought (2016)

Abscisic acid (ABA) pathway is aphytohormone universally conserved in land plants which coordinates several aspects of the plant response to water deficit such as root architecture, seed dormancy and regulation of stomatal closure. A mechanism of ABA signal transduction has been proposed, evolving intracellular ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCARs) interacting with PP2Cs phosphatases and SnRK2 protein kinases regulating this tripartite protein system. Rationale. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize for the first time the orthologs genes of this tripartite system in Coffea canephora. Methods. For this purpose, protein sequences from Arabidopsis, citrus, rice, grape, tomato and potato were chosen as query to search orthologous genes in the Coffee Genome Hub (http://coffee-genome.org/). Differential expression in tissues as leaves, seeds, roots and floral organs was checked through in silky analyses. In vivo gene expression analyses were also performed by RT-qPCR in leaves and roots of drought-tolerant (DT 14, 73 and 120) and drought-susceptible (Ds 22) C canephora Conilon clones submitted or not) to drought. Results. This approach allowed the identification and characterization of 17 candidate genes (9 PYL/RCARs, 6 PP2Cs and 2 SnRK2s) in C. canephora genome. The protein motifs identified in predict coffee sequences enabled characterize these genes as family's members of PYL/RCARs receptors, PP2Cs phosphatases or SnRK2 kinases of the ABA response pathway. These families were functionally annotated in the C. canephora genome. In vivo analyses revealed that eight genes are up-regulated under drought conditions in both leaves and roots tissues. Among them, three genes coding phosphatases were expressed in all (DT and Ds) clones therefore suggesting that they were activated as a general response to cope with drought stress. However, two other phosphatase coding genes were up-regulated only in the DT clones, suggesting that they constituted key-genes for drought tolerance in these clones. The DT clones also showed differential gene expression profiles for five other genes therefore reinforcing the idea that multiple biological mechanisms are involved drought tolerance in C. canephora. Conclusions and Perspectives. All these evidences will help us to identify the genetic determinism of drought tolerance through ABA pathway essential to obtain molecular markers that could be used in coffee breeding programs. (Texte intégral)
Integrace imigrantů na český trh práce (2010)

Tato bakalařska prace se zabýva problematikou cizinců a jejich zacleněnim na pracovni trh. Teoreticka cast shrnuje zakladni pravni předpoklady pro legalni zacleněni imig-rantů na trh prace. Jsou popsany spravne postupy pro regulerni zapojeni a dobre osvojeni si života majoritni populace. V prakticke casti prace jsou interpretovany in-formace ziskane od imigrantů na podkladě výzkumneho setřeni formou strukturovaneho rozhovoru. Cilem bylo zmapovat jejich miru uspěsnosti při integraci na ceský trh prace, uspěsne zařazeni do spolecnosti, miru kvality ži-vota v imigracni zemi a pomoc nevladnich organizaci
Temperature-Controlled Activity of DnaK−DnaJ−GrpE Chaperones:  Protein-Folding Arrest and Recovery during and after Heat Shock Depends on the Substrate Protein and the GrpE Concentration (1998)

Heat-shock proteins DnaK, DnaJ, and GrpE (KJE) from Escherichia coli constitute a three-component chaperone system that prevents aggregation of denatured proteins and assists the refolding of proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. We found that the rate of KJE-mediated refolding of heat- and chemically denatured proteins is decreased at high temperatures. The efficiency and reversibility of protein-folding arrest during and after heat shock depended on the stability of the complex between KJE and the denatured proteins. Whereas a thermostable protein was released and partially refolded during heat shock, a thermolabile protein remained bound to the chaperone. The apparent affinity of GrpE and DnaJ for DnaK was decreased at high temperatures, thereby decreasing futile consumption of ATP during folding arrest. The coupling of ATP hydrolysis and protein folding was restored after the stress. This strongly indicates that KJE chaperones are heat-regulated heat-shock proteins which can specifically arrest the folding of aggregation-prone proteins during stress and preferentially resume refolding under conditions that allow individual proteins to reach and maintain a stable native conformation.
Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Testing Is Equally Sensitive for Proximal and Distal Advanced Neoplasia (2012)

Nine out of ten screening participants with CRC and four out of ten with advanced neoplasia will be detected using one single FIT at low cutoff. Sensitivity in detecting proximal and distal advanced neoplasia is comparable.
Design and Clocking of VLSI Multipliers (1989)

This thesis presents a versatile new multiplier architecture, which can provide better performance than conventional linear arry multipliers at a fraction of the silicon area. The high performance is obtained by using a new binary tree structure, the 4-2 tree. The 4-2 tree is symmetric and far more regular than other multiplier trees while offering comparable performance, making it better suited for VLSI implementations. To reduce area, a partial, pipelined 4-2 tree is used with a 4-2 carry-save accumulator placed at its outputs to iteratively sum the partial products as they are generated. Maximum performance is obtained by accurately matching the iterative clock to the pipeline rate of the 4-2 tree, using a stoppable on-chip clock generator. To prove the new architecture a test chip, called SPIM, was fabricated in a 1.6 (Mu)m CMOS process. SPIM contains 41,000 transistors with an array size of 2.9 X 5.3 mm. Running at an internal clock frequency of 85 MHz, SPIM performs the 64 bit mantissa portion of a double extended precision floating-point multiply in under 120 ns. To make the new architecture commercially interesting, several high-performance rounding algorithms compatible with IEEE standard 754 for binary floating-point arithmetic have also been developed.
NOS2 Regulation of NF-κB by S-Nitrosylation of p65 (2007)

Signal transduction in the NF-kappaB transcription factor pathway is inhibited by inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) activity, although the molecular mechanism(s) are incompletely understood. We have previously shown that nitric oxide (NO), derived from NOS2 consequent upon cytokine stimulation, attenuates NF-kappaB p50-p65 heterodimer DNA binding and have identified the p50 monomer as a locus for inhibitory S-nitrosylation. We now show that the binding partner of p50, NF-kappaB p65, is also targeted by NO following cytokine stimulation of respiratory epithelial cells and macrophages and identify a conserved cysteine within the Rel homology domain that is the site for S-nitrosylation. S-Nitrosylation of p65 inhibits NF-kappaB-dependent gene transcription, and nuclear levels of S-nitrosylated p65 correlate with decreased DNA binding of the p50-p65 heterodimer. NOS2 regulates cytokine-induced S-nitrosylation of p65, resulting in decreased NF-kappaB binding to the NOS2 promoter, thereby inhibiting further NOS2 expression. Collectively, these findings delineate a mechanism by which NOS2 modulates NF-kappaB activity and regulates gene expression in inflammation.
Ensuring continuous compliance through reconciling policy with usage (2013)

Organizations rarely define formal security properties or policies for their access control systems, often choosing to react to changing needs. This paper addresses the problem of reconciling entitlement usage with configured policies for multiple objectives: policy optimization and risk mitigation. Policies should remain up-to-date, maintaining least privilege, and using unambiguous constructs that reduce administrative stress.
Investigations on the homogeneity of single crystals of materials with variable composition grown by chemical transport reactions (1984)

Abstract To investigate the problem of homogeneity in crystals grown by chemical transport reactions (CTR) solid solutions Fe 1‐ y Co y S, Fe 1‐ y Ni y S, and Zn 1‐ y Co y O were choosen as model substances. Relative concentration profiles of Co and Ni, respectively, were measured by electron‐probe microanalysis and light absorption (in Zn 1‐ y Co y O only). No significant deviations from homogeneity were found for Fe 1‐ y Me y S, whereas in Zn 1‐ y Co y O the Co contents increase in the growth direction. A qualitative explanation due to different diffusivities in the solids can be given.
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>Helicobacter</i> Infection Is Required for Inflammation and Colon Cancer in Smad3-Deficient Mice (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt; Infection Is Required for Inflammation and Colon Cancer in Smad3-Deficient Mice
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of N‐Alkoxyphthalimides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantitative assessment of graded burn wounds in a porcine model using spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) (2014)

Accurate and timely assessment of burn wound severity is a critical component of wound management and has implications related to course of treatment. While most superficial burns and full thickness burns are easily diagnosed through visual inspection, burns that fall between these extremes are challenging to classify based on clinical appearance. Because of this, appropriate burn management may be delayed, increasing the risk of scarring and infection. Here we present an investigation that employs spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) as non-invasive technologies to characterize in-vivo burn severity. We used SFDI and LSI to investigate controlled burn wounds of graded severity in a Yorkshire pig model. Burn wounds were imaged starting at one hour after the initial injury and daily at approximately 24, 48 and 72 hours post burn. Biopsies were taken on each day in order to correlate the imaging data to the extent of burn damage as indicated via histological analysis. Changes in reduced scattering coefficient and blood flow could be used to categorize burn severity as soon as one hour after the burn injury. The results of this study suggest that SFDI and LSI information have the potential to provide useful metrics for quantifying the extent and severity of burn injuries.
A Smart Mirror for Emotion Monitoring in Home Environments (2021)

Smart mirrors are devices that can display any kind of information and can interact with the user using touch and voice commands. Different kinds of smart mirrors exist: general purpose, medical, fashion, and other task specific ones. General purpose smart mirrors are suitable for home environments but the exiting ones offer similar, limited functionalities. In this paper, we present a general-purpose smart mirror that integrates several functionalities, standard and advanced, to support users in their everyday life. Among the advanced functionalities are the capabilities of detecting a person’s emotions, the short- and long-term monitoring and analysis of the emotions, a double authentication protocol to preserve the privacy, and the integration of Alexa Skills to extend the applications of the smart mirrors. We exploit a deep learning technique to develop most of the smart functionalities. The effectiveness of the device is demonstrated by the performances of the implemented functionalities, and the evaluation in terms of its usability with real users.
Biochemical fingerprinting of coliform bacterial populations - comparisons between polluted river water and factory effluents (1997)

Bacteria from different pollution sources may consist of essentially the same species but with different strains predominating. Therefore, sub-typing of bacterial strains recovered in the polluted water and comparison with those present in possible pollution sources is a valuable tool for identification of the source. Since such studies require investigations of large numbers of isolates, simple laboratory methods combined with automated data evaluation and presentation are necessary. The Phene Plate (PhP) system for biochemical fingerprinting of bacteria is based on measurements of the kinetics of biochemical tests, performed in micro-plates. The system also includes mathematical models to calculate the diversity (Di) of the bacterial flora within samples, as well as the similarities between bacterial populations in different samples as the population similarity coefficient (Sp). We have used the PhP system to type coliform bacteria isolated from a polluted river in Sweden and from the outlets from three paper mills that were suspected contamination sources. From each of 27 river water samples and 8 samples from factory outlets, collected on eight sampling occasions, between 10 and 50 coliforms were typed, yielding altogether 1,027 isolates. The diversity among the bacteria in river water samples was generally high (mean Di = 0.95) compared with factory outlets (mean Di = 0.63) which usually were dominated by isolates belonging to a few PhP types. These PhP types were very rarely recovered from the river water samples which is also reflected in low similarities between bacterial populations in river water and factory outlets (mean Sp = 0.03). Thus the bacteria from factory outlets did not seem to have spread downstream. In contrast, bacterial populations from sampling sites close to each other in the river were more similar to each other (mean Sp 0.13), indicating the presence of several, diffuse contamination sources, possibly from animal or human faecal material.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW RESONANCE SYSTEM, ETHYNOLOGOUS AMIDINIUM COMPOUNDS, ACETYLENIC ANALOGS OF CYANINE DYES (1974)

Abstract Die Amidiniumsalze (I) werden durch HCl‐Eliminierung in die acetylenischen Amidinium‐Salze (II) übergeführt.
What is the Role of Recycling in the Solar Terawatt Future? (2022)

Recycling can play an important role in sourcing the materials required for deploying TW -scale photovoltaics while also assisting with reducing carbon emissions associated with the production of key materials. Secondary silver can supply anywhere from single digits to 100% of the demand for the solar industry under certain scenarios, depending on the silver learning rate, the PV deployment rate, and the lifespan of the modules. Likewise, secondary aluminum can supply about 10% of the required material at peak PV manufacturing and as much as 50% closer to 2050, as the available aluminum pool increases. Aluminum recycling is crucial due to the large carbon footprint associated with the production of primary aluminum.
Adjuvant Therapy of Stage II Breast Cancer Treated with CMFVP, Radiation Therapy and VATH Following Lumpectomy A Pilot Trial (1991)

A pilot study was undertaken to assess the feasibility, toxicity, and efficacy of combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of node-positive. Stage II patients with breast carcinoma who had undergone lumpectomy. Therapy consisted of three phases, starting with a six-week CMFVP (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, prednisone) induction, followed by radiation therapy to the breast, and concluding with four cycles of VATH (vinblastine, Adriamycin, thiotepa, Halotesin). Twenty-seven patients were entered with an average age of 51.5 years (median 50 yrs) and a mean follow-up of 46.2 months. Twenty-three patients (85.2%) are alive and 19 (70.3%) disease free. There were no ipsilateral local recurrences. Cosmetic results were good to excellent in 26/27 patients. The doses of VATH were not compromised by the prior therapy. The regimen was found to be tolerable and is a reasonable approach in the adjuvant treatment of this particular patient population.
Laser-Based Analysis of Carbon Isotope Ratios (1994)

A laser technique for analysis of carbon-13:carbon-12 ratios with the specificity of laser resonance spectroscopy and the sensitivity and accuracy typical of isotope ratio mass spectrometers is reported. The technique is based on laser optogalvanic effect spectroscopy, in which an electrical (galvanic) signal is detected in response to the optical stimulation of a resonance transition in a gas discharge species. Carbon dioxide molecular gas lasers are used, with the probed transitions being identical to the lasing transitions. Measurements for carbon dioxide samples with 100-second averaging times yield isotopic ratios with a precision of better than 10 parts per million.
Reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms from implant materials in a diffusion dominated environment (2018)

Antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads (CS-B) are used to treat biofilm-related periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). A previous study has shown that such beads are effective in reducing lawns biofilms grown on agar plates; however, the ability of CS-B to eradicate biofilms grown on solid orthopedic material surfaces has not been investigated. We grew biofilms of bioluminescent strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen41 and a USA300 MRSA Staphylococcus aureus SAP231 on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE), hydroxyapatite (HA), and 316L stainless steel (SS) coupons for three days under static growth conditions, with daily nutrient exchange. The coupons were rinsed with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to remove planktonic bacteria and placed in a petri dish, surrounded by four either antibiotic vancomycin and tobramycin loaded (CS-B<sub>V+T</sub> ) or unloaded beads (CS-B<sub>U</sub> ). A thin layer of agar was overlaid to simulate a periprosthetic infection where an implant abuts soft tissue and then incubated for 72 h. The amount of biofilm was measured by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) for activity and viable cell count (CFUs). Coupons exposed to CS-B<sub>V+T</sub> showed a significant reduction in the amount of biofilm within 24 h, regardless of the bacterial strain or material type. The coupons exposed to control CS-B<sub>U</sub> had no effect on bacteria over 72 h. Statement of Clinical Significance: Antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads (CS-B) were effective in significantly reducing mature biofilms of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus from orthopedic relevant surfaces in our in vitro agar model. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:3081-3085, 2018.
Determinants, consequences and potential solutions to poor adherence to anti-osteoporosis treatment: results of an expert group meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) (2019)

These recommendations are intended for clinicians to manage adherence of their patients and to researchers and policy makers to design, facilitate and appropriately use adherence interventions.
Simulation of Non-Condensable Gases Co-Injection in Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage: The Role of Gas-Liquid Relative Permeability Curves (2020)

Abstract The simulation of thermal recovery processes and their variations like non-condensable gases (NCG) co-injection with steam in SAGD require reliable gas-liquid relative permeability curves. In this work, three experiments were conducted to extract equivalent thermal relative permeability curves, and the experimental curves were used as an input in a numerical simulation model to evaluate the NCG co-injection with steam in SAGD. Heavy oil was diluted with toluene to mimic the viscosity of the oil at 165, 195, and 225°C. It was assumed that the viscosity variation was the main factor affecting the temperature-dependent gas-liquid relative permeability curves. Athabasca sand was packed, and after water and oil were flooded, gas was injected. Three sets of gas-liquid relative permeability curves were extracted through history match. The experimental curves were used as an input in a simulation model to evaluate the effect of the amount of NCG and time of NCG co-injection in SAGD using CMG STARS. In contrast to previous simulation studies, the current simulation results showed that most of the injected gas leaked from the steam chamber and accumulated at the top of the reservoir. Part of the gas stayed at the top of the steam chamber insulating the steam chamber from the overburden rock. The gas that leaked from the steam chamber aided in additional recovery of oil. According to the simulation results, for a homogeneous reservoir, small amounts of NCG (about 1 mole %) can be co-injected with steam at any time of a SAGD project to reduce its energy requirements without a negative impact in the oil recovery. This amount can be progressively increased to further reduce the energy requirements and increase the ultimate oil recovery. With the introduction of the new experimental gas-liquid relative permeability curves, it would be possible to optimize NCG co-injection processes in SAGD with the use of numerical simulation, taking into account the flow behaviour of gases in the reservoir that usually is not considered.