gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence of strain induced structural change in hetero-epitaxial NdNiO3thin films with metal-insulator transition (2003)

Neodymium nickelate thin films have been prepared on NdGaO3 substrates by RF magnetron sputtering and post-annealing treatment under oxygen pressure. Transport properties are found to depend strongly on film thickness. Thick films show transport properties close to bulk ceramics, while very thin films exhibit a large transition from metal to insulator which occurs over a wide temperature range with high resistivity. Structure and surface morphology of the films have been investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Thin films (≈17 nm) grow heteroepitaxially, while thicker films (≈73 nm) show a granular structure. The thinnest sample suggests a symmetry change induced by the epitaxial strain of the substrate. This paper discusses the relationship between microstructure and transport properties.
Synthesis, antiinflammatory and antibacterial activity of novel indolyl-isoxazoles (2009)

Chalcones were synthesized by reacting indole-3-aldehyde, prepared by Vilsemeir Haack reaction with 4-substituted acetophenone in ethanolic KOH solution. These chalcones were immediately reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of glacial acetic acid as reagent to obtain the corresponding isoxazole derivatives. The synthesized heterocycles were characterized on the basis of physical, chemical tests and spectroscopic data. These compounds were tested for the acute antiinflammatory activity and antibacterial activity using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method and cup-plate method, respectively.
Fucoidan-Mimetic Glycopolymers as Tools for Studying Molecular and Cellular Responses in Human Blood Platelets (2016)

The marine sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan displays superior ability to induce platelet aggregation compared to other sulfated polysaccharides. As such, it is an attractive tool for studying molecular and cellular responses in activated platelets. The heterogeneous structure, however, poses a problem in such applications. This study describes the synthesis of sulfated α-l-fucoside-pendant poly(methacryl amides) with homogeneous structures. By using both thiol-mediated chain transfer and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization techniques, glycopolymers with different chain lengths are obtained. These glycopolymers show platelet aggregation response and surface changes similar to those of fucoidan, and cause platelet activation through intracellular signaling as shown by extensive protein tyrosine phosphorylation. As the platelet activating properties of the glycopolymers strongly mimic those of fucoidan, this study concludes these fucoidan-mimetic glycopolymers are unique tools for studying molecular and cellular responses in human blood platelets.
Requirements for Secure Clock Synchronization (2018)

This paper establishes a fundamental theory of secure clock synchronization. Accurate clock synchronization is the backbone of systems managing power distribution, financial transactions, telecommunication operations, database services, etc. Some clock synchronization (time transfer) systems, such as the global navigation satellite systems, are based on one-way communication from a master to a slave clock. Others, such as the network transport protocol, and the IEEE 1588 precision time protocol (PTP), involve two-way communication between the master and slave. This paper shows that all one-way time transfer protocols are vulnerable to replay attacks that can potentially compromise timing information. A set of conditions for secure two-way clock synchronization is proposed and proved to be necessary and sufficient. It is shown that IEEE 1588 PTP, although a two-way synchronization protocol, is not compliant with these conditions, and is therefore insecure. Requirements for secure IEEE 1588 PTP are proposed, and a second example protocol is offered to illustrate the range of compliant systems.
Aspects of the Chemical Degradation of PFSA Ionomers used in PEM Fuel Cells (2004)

Abstract The chemical degradation of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes was studied both in‐situ (during fuel cell operation) and ex‐situ (by Fenton's test). During fuel cell operation, the degradation rate was quantified by monitoring the rate of fluoride release. The rate of degradation was found to be strongly dependent on operating conditions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify degradation products other than fluoride generated during fuel cell operation. Strong similarities were found between the organic fragments generated from both the in‐situ (fuel cell operation) and ex‐situ (Fenton's test) degradation processes. The chemical structure of the fragment is consistent with that of the side chain on the PFSA ionomer used in the experiments. The implications of the existence of this product for the chemical degradation mechanism are discussed.
Chatter Stability Limits in End Milling with Anisotropic Flexible Tools (2011)

Self-excited chatter vibration in end milling is caused by the regeneration and mode coupling mechanisms. In order to avoid chatter vibration, both mechanisms need to be investigated. Past researches have shown that the mode coupling effect in end milling can be suppressed by using cutting tools with anisotropic dynamic characteristics. However, it is difficult to apply previously developed analytical models for predicting the chatter stability limits in end milling with the anisotropic tools. Hence, suitable conditions for chatter suppression and the overall phenomena have not been clarified thoroughly yet. This paper proposes a new analytical model to predict chatter stability limits in end milling with tools that have anisotropic transfer functions. The model considers the anisotropic tool to vibrate steadily in a rotating coordinate system rather than in an inertial coordinate system. The cutting process is formulated in this rotating coordinate system, and variation in the transfer function of the anisotropic tool with respect to the spindle speed is considered. Fundamental cutting tests have been conducted to verify the proposed model. Experimentally identified stability limits agreed closely with the predictions. Furthermore, analytical investigations have shown that the transfer function of the cutting tool changes considerably with the spindle speed. This affects the chatter stability prediction significantly. Using the proposed model, it is concluded that higher stability limits can be achieved only at low spindle speed conditions by using anisotropic tools. However, the number of flutes on the tool is limited to be less than three, and they need to be arranged at suitable positions. The effect of the cutter helix also needs to be negligible.
Statistical Characterization of Closed-Loop Latency at the Mobile Edge (2023)

The stringent timing and reliability requirements in mission-critical applications require a detailed statistical characterization of end-to-end latency. Teleoperation is a representative use case, in which a human operator (HO) remotely controls a robot by exchanging command and feedback signals. We present a framework to analyze the latency of a closed-loop teleoperation system consisting of three entities: an HO, a robot located in remote environment, and a Base Station (BS) with Mobile edge Computing (MEC) capabilities. A model of each component is used to analyze the closed-loop latency and optimize the compression strategy. The closed-form expression of the distribution of the closed-loop latency is difficult to estimate, such that suitable upper and lower bounds are obtained. We formulate a non-convex optimization problem to minimize the closed-loop latency. Using the obtained upper and lower bound on the closed-loop latency, a computationally efficient procedure to optimize the closed-loop latency is presented. The simulation results reveal that compression of sensing data is not always beneficial, while system design based on average performance leads to under-provisioning and may cause performance degradation. The applicability of the proposed analysis is much wider than teleoperation, including a large class of systems whose latency budget consists of many components.
Exploring and visualizing the impact of multiple shared displays on collocated meeting practices (2009)

A tremendous amount of information is produced in the world around us, both as a product of our daily lives and as artifacts of our everyday work. An emerging area of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) focuses on helping individuals manage this flood of information. Prior research shows that multiple displays can improve an individual user's ability to deal with large amounts of information, but it is unclear whether these advantages extend for teams of people. This is particularly relevant as more employees are spending large portions of their workdays in meetings &#13;\n&#13;\nMy contribution to HCI research is empirical fieldwork and laboratory studies investigating how multiple shared displays improve aspects of teamwork. In particular, I present an insight-based evaluation method for analyzing how teams collaborate on a data-intensive sensemaking task. Using this method, I show how the presence and location of multiple shared displays impacted the meeting process with respect to performance, collaboration, and satisfaction. I also illustrate how multiple shared displays engaged team members who might not have otherwise contributed to the collaboration process. &#13;\n&#13;\nFinally, I present Mimosa, a software tool developed to visualize large volumes of time series data. Mimosa combines aspects of information visualization with data analysis, facilitating a deep and iterative exploration of relationships within large datasets.
Cryogenic Behavior of Optoelectronic Devices for the Transmission of Analog Signals Via Fiber Optics (2006)

The transmission of analog signals via fiber optics is a subject of interest for applications with detectors operating at cryogenic temperature, at ground or on space borne instruments. For those detectors, both thermal and galvanic decoupling shall be required. For a better understanding of the cryogenic performance of cooled optoelectronic devices, we have investigated an infrared AlGaAs LEDs, a Si p-i-n photodiode, a Si photodiode, and an avalanche photodiode (APD). Results of a study related to the photodiode's dark currents at low temperature is presented. In fact, we have clearly measured a strong reduction of the dark current when these devices are cooled down
Mutual Effect of Textile Binding and Coating on the Structural Performance of TRC Beams (2020)

This study investigates the mutual effects of binding and pretreatment procedure (coating) on the structural performance of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) composite beams under flexural loading. The goal is to choose an optimal reinforcing textile configuration that yields a better design of the textile performance. The investigation was performed by correlating between the microstructural mechanism, which is associated to the textile configuration, and the macrostructural response according to various structural parameters, such as the ultimate load, the relative structural ductility, and the equivalent fracture energy. An experimental investigation is presented on four different binding types of warp-knitted structures: pillar and counterlaid tricot, characterized by relatively circular roving cross section, and plain and tricot, characterized by elliptical roving cross section. Each type was investigated in uncoated configuration and by coating with 50% styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). In total, 32 TRC beam specimens were designed, cast, and monotonically loaded. Results demonstrated that generally the type of binding is significantly pronounced in uncoated textiles and that coating considerably improves the structural performance of all types of textile binding. It is also concluded that relatively flat and elliptical cross-sectional areas of the rovings are preferable in the case of uncoated textile, while in the case of coated textile the preferable binding configurations are the ones characterized by a relatively circular roving cross section.
Thresholds in disease activity for switching biologics in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Experience from a large US cohort (2011)

On average, physicians and patients were willing to continue biologic treatment for patients who were at or near low disease activity. The threshold to switch decreased over time, especially among partial responders.
Self-Assembled Layers of Bisbenzamidines on Gold (2000)

The adsorption of bisbenzamidines on gold was studied by ellipsometry, surface plasmon spectroscopy (SPS), reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIR), and electrochemical techniques. The results indicate that the long-chain bolaamphiphiles form layers of nearly perpendicularly oriented molecules. In contrast to the corresponding layers of amidines formed on gold surfaces modified with monolayers (SAMs) of mercaptoalkanoic acids, the layers on gold could not be displaced by acid. Moreover, as on the acid-functionalized SAMs, the longer chain amidines showed a tendency for bilayer formation, whereas in contrast to the behavior on the carboxylic acid SAMs also shorter amidines formed layers stable to rinsing. The characterization indicated a crystalline order of longer amidines and a pronounced influence of the amidine chain length and time of adsorption on the amidine orientation on the surface. Cyclic voltammetry and ac impedance measurements showed that the longer chain amidines formed partially insulating layers with double-layer capacitances approaching those obtained for thiol SAMs. These positively charged layers furthermore exhibited a partial blocking effect toward a negatively charged redox couple, thus carrying charges of opposite sign to the monolayer functional groups.
Abolishing Private Prisons: A Constitutional and Moral Imperative (2020)

Finally, I express profound appreciation to my partner Lavinia and our babies, Cole Kaianuanu, Malia Ao'ilagi, and Maxwell Keave, who bring light and joy to my life, whose daily work is spent seeking to reveal and reverse racial and corporate injustice that often exists in the dark.
Absolute size and proportionality characteristics of World Championship female basketball players (1997)

In total, 168 players from 14 national teams were measured using 38 anthropometric dimensions before the Women's World Basketball Championships held in Australia in 1994. Measures of segment length, breadth and girth were recorded by a team of trained anthropometrists using standard protocols. The subjects were divided according to playing position and team performance so that univariate analyses of variance could be administered using absolute size and proportionality data as dependent variables. Clear differences in absolute size were found between guards, forwards and centres, but in terms of proportionality the latter two groups exhibited some similarities, particularly for measures of relative size in upper body dimensions. With guards displaying a different proportionality profile from either forwards or centres, the various roles of each position within the team were considered to rationalize the findings.
Structured comparative analysis of systems logs to diagnose performance problems (2012)

Diagnosis and correction of performance issues in modern, large-scale distributed systems can be a daunting task, since a single developer is unlikely to be familiar with the entire system and it is hard to characterize the behavior of a software system without completely understanding its internal components. This paper describes DISTALYZER, an automated tool to support developer investigation of performance issues in distributed systems. We aim to leverage the vast log data available from large scale systems, while reducing the level of knowledge required for a developer to use our tool. Specifically, given two sets of logs, one with good and one with bad performance, DISTALYZER uses machine learning techniques to compare system behaviors extracted from the logs and automatically infer the strongest associations between system components and performance. The tool outputs a set of inter-related event occurrences and variable values that exhibit the largest divergence across the logs sets and most directly affect the overall performance of the system. These patterns are presented to the developer for inspection, to help them understand which system component(s) likely contain the root cause of the observed performance issue, thus alleviating the need for many human hours of manual inspection. We demonstrate the generality and effectiveness of DISTALYZER on three real distributed systems by showing how it discovers and highlights the root cause of six performance issues across the systems. DISTALYZER has broad applicability to other systems since it is dependent only on the logs for input, and not on the source code.
Practices in Model Component Reuse for Efficient Dependability Analysis (2019)

Model-based dependability analysis provides an effective manner to evaluate and design the dependability of critical IT systems by abstracting the system architecture and operations. As the size and the complexity of systems increase, however, the process to compose the dependability model becomes complicated and time-consuming. Improving the efficiency of modeling process is practically an important challenge of dependability engineering. In this paper, we review the techniques for model component reuse that makes dependability model composition and analysis more efficient. In particular, component-based modeling approaches for reliability, availability, maintainability and safety analysis presented in the literature are summarized. In order to effectively apply model component reuse, we advocate the importance of asset-based dependability analysis approach that associates the reusable model components with underlying system development process. Finally, we discuss the necessary extensions of these techniques toward efficient dependability analysis for IoT systems which are significantly affecting real world.
Transport and structural properties of the top and bottom grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7−δ step-edge Josephson junctions (1998)

We present a method to study separately the electrical transport properties of the grain boundaries (GBs) formed at the top and at the bottom edges of YBa2Cu3O7−δ(YBCO) step-edge Josephson junctions. The step-edge junctions were fabricated on (100) LaAlO3 steps using tilted Ar ion milling to define the electrodes and the microbridges. Due to the shadowing effect of the step, a continuous YBCO stripe remains along and at the bottom of the step on both sides of a microbridge. We found that the top GB is responsible for the weak link behavior of our step-edge junctions. The transport properties were correlated with the different microstructural properties of the two GBs formed at the edges of the step.
Insulin-like Growth Factor I Increases α V β 3 Affinity by Increasing the Amount of Integrin-associated Protein That Is Associated with Non-raft Domains of the Cellular Membrane (2021)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) stimulates an increase in alpha(V)beta(3) ligand binding. Stimulation of smooth muscle cells by IGF-I requires alpha(V)beta(3) ligand occupancy, and enhanced alpha(V)beta(3) ligand occupancy augments IGF-I actions. Therefore, IGF-I-induced changes in alpha(V)beta(3) ligand binding may act to further enhance IGF-I actions. Integrin-associated protein (IAP) has been shown to be associated with alpha(V)beta(3) and is required for the binding of alpha(V)beta(3) to vitronectin-coated beads. We therefore investigated whether IGF-I could stimulate IAP-alpha(V)beta(3) association resulting in enhanced ligand binding. IGF-I stimulated an increase in IAP-alpha(V)beta(3) association. This was due, at least in part, to an IGF-I-stimulated redistribution of IAP from the Triton-insoluble fraction of the cell to the Triton-soluble fraction of the cell, where most of the alpha(V)beta(3) was located. Inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway blocked both the redistribution of IAP and the increase in IAP-alpha(V)beta(3) association, providing further evidence that the redistribution of IAP is essential for the increase in association. An anti-IAP monoclonal antibody, blocked both the IGF-I-stimulated increase in IAP-alpha(V)beta(3) complex formation and cell migration. IGF-I-stimulated translocation of IAP and increase in IAP-alpha(V)beta(3) association represent an important process by which IGF-I modulates alpha(V)beta(3) ligand binding and cellular responses.
HER-2/neuOncogene Amplification by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Epithelial Tumors of the Ovary (1999)

HER-2/neu gene amplification and protein overexpression have been associated with prognosis in breast, lung and prostate cancers but have not been extensively studied in ovarian carcinoma. For the study, we selected 5-micron-thick, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 74 cases of ovarian epithelial tumors of low malignant potential and ovarian carcinoma. Tumors were graded and staged and evaluated for amplification of the HER-2/neu gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization. HER-2/neu amplifications was present in 3 of 13 serous, mucinous, and endometrioid epithelial tumors of low malignant potential and in 40 of 61 epithelial carcinomas. In the carcinoma group, amplification did not correlate with stage, grade, or tumor type. Mean follow-up was 31 months; 1 patient with a low malignant potential tumor and 32 patients with carcinomas died of disease. On univariate and multivariate analysis, survival correlated with stage of disease but not with HER-2/neu amplification. HER-2/neu amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization can be performed on tissue sections of ovarian neoplasms; amplification is uncommon in ovarian tumors of low malignant potential, but is present in 66% of ovarian epithelial carcinomas. HER-2/neu amplification did not predict outcome in ovarian epithelial neoplasia but may have an important role in tumor development.
An all-copper plasmonic sandwich system obtained through directly depositing copper NPs on a CVD grown graphene/copper film and its application in SERS (2015)

A simple, low-cost, all-copper sandwich system has been obtained through directly depositing Cu nanoparticles (NPs) onto a graphene sheet, which has already been grown on a Cu foil (Cu-NGF). The new design inherits two key advantages: (1) the materials of the NGF coupling system are composed of only cheaper Cu instead of Au and Ag, (2) direct fabrication of the system without transferring graphene will greatly lower the fabrication cost. More importantly, the Cu-NFG system shows a high sensitivity in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the highest enhancement factor (EF, over 1.89 × 10(7)) reported to date in Cu plasmonic systems. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the strong EF is mainly because of the strong near-field coupling between Cu NPs and Cu films at the optimal angle of incidence, opening up a new route for Cu materials in SERS applications.
Predictive Guidance for Pursuit-Evasion Engagements Involving Decoys (2006)

A guidance law is developed for situations where the pursuer has a bounded control effort and its command is conditioned on a multimodal probability density function of the target state. The novel law adopts a predictive control approach with two horizons: a fixed cost horizon, and a receding control horizon. The law is proved to be equivalent to some conventional predictive control approaches when the density function is unimodal. In an example scenario where the presence of a decoy generates a multimodal density, the novel law demonstrates a higher probability of interception than comparable conventional laws.