gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amino Acids, XI: (±)Pipecolic Acid Derivatives ‐ Part 1: The [4+2] Cycloaddition Pathway (1992)

Abstract [4+2] Cycloadditions of various dienes 1 with the acceptor‐substituted imines 2 furnished the 4‐oxo‐piperidine‐2,2‐dicarboxylate derivatives 3, 5, 11, 12 . All efforts to get the regio‐isomeric 5‐oxo‐derivatives (Scheme 2) by variation of the reaction conditions and substitution pattern of 1 and 2 resulted in differing amounts of ring‐open products 4, 6, 8, 10 . This is in contradiction to results of another group 4a) .
Phenotypic variability of PINK1 expression: 12 Years' clinical follow‐up of two Italian families (2014)

We expanded the phenotypic profile of PINK1-related parkinsonism, including psychiatric and cognitive features as part of clinical presentation.
Datasets on hub-height wind speed comparisons for wind farms in California (2018)

This article includes the description of data information related to the research article entitled "The future of wind energy in California: Future projections with the Variable-Resolution CESM"[1], with reference number RENE_RENE-D-17-03392. Datasets from the Variable-Resolution CESM, Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd Virtual Met, MERRA-2, CFSR, NARR, ISD surface observations, and upper air sounding observations were used for calculating and comparing hub-height wind speed at multiple major wind farms across California. Information on hub-height wind speed interpolation and power curves at each wind farm sites are also presented. All datasets, except Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd Virtual Met, are publicly available for future analysis.
Network Teaching System On J2EE YYNU Department of Computer Science (2002)

Internet provides the basic platform for teleclass and J2EE plat also privides a method based on J2EE to deign,develop,which provides hierarchy distributed models,reused components,integrited security and flexible clerical controling fanctions.It takes a basic platform for teleclass,which is the widely used prospecct.In text,talking about how to compose the Network teaching system including requirement achieving,system designing and realizing.
Control of non-filterable crosstalk in optical-cross-connect banyan architectures (2002)

The future growth in the demand of transmission bandwidth makes the development of all-optical transport networks and optical cross-connects very important. We consider rearrangeable non-blocking switching fabrics configured in a multistage structure with very simple switching elements. One of the problems of these networks is the crosstalk: a wavelength approach is used here showing that two wavelengths suitably assigned are sufficient to solve any blocking and crosstalk problems. We compare this type of networks, called rearrangeable networks with zero non-filterable crosstalk, with other networks, showing that they give the best performance when employed to implement optical-cross-connects.
Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors (2021)

Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors, their movement within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and interaction with other immune cells are controlled by their directed migration towards gradients of chemokines. Dysregulated chemokine signaling in TME favors the growth of tumors, exclusion of effector immune cells, and abundance of immunosuppressive cells. Key chemokines directing the migration of immune cells into tumor tissue have been identified. In this review, we discuss well-studied chemokine receptors that regulate migration of effector and immunosuppressive immune cells in the context of cancer immunology. We discuss preclinical models that have described the role of respective chemokine receptors in immune cell migration into TME and review preclinical and clinical studies that target chemokine signaling as standalone or combination therapies.
Genetic redundancy and gene fusion in the genome of the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae : functional characterization of a three‐member gene family involved in the thiamine biosynthetic pathway (1999)

Redundancy is a salient feature of all living organisms' genome. The yeast genome contains a large number of gene families of previously uncharacterized functions that can be used to explore the functional significance of structural redundancy in a systematic manner. In this work, we describe results on a three-member gene family with moderately divergent sequences (YOL055c, YPL258c and YPR121w ). We demonstrate that two members are isofunctional and encode a hydroxymethylpyrimidine phosphate (HMP-P) kinase (EC 2.7.4.7), an activity required for the final steps of thiamine biosynthesis, whose genes were not previously known in yeast. In addition, we show that the three genes are each composed of two distinct domains, each corresponding to individual genes in prokaryotes, suggesting gene fusion during evolution. The function of the carboxy-terminal part of the proteins is not yet understood, but it is not required for HMP-P kinase activity. Expression of all three genes is regulated in the same way. Several other examples of gene fusions exist in the same biosynthetic pathway when eukaryotic genes are compared with prokaryotic ones.
VOLATILITY FORECASTS, TRADING VOLUME, AND THE ARCH VERSUS OPTION‐IMPLIED VOLATILITY TRADE‐OFF (2005)

Abstract We investigate empirically the role of trading volume (1) in predicting the relative informativeness of volatility forecasts produced by autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) models versus the volatility forecasts derived from option prices, and (2) in improving volatility forecasts produced by ARCH and option models and combinations of models. Daily and monthly data are explored. We find that if trading volume was low during period t −1 relative to the recent past, ARCH is at least as important as options for forecasting future stock market volatility. Conversely, if volume was high during period t −1 relative to the recent past, option‐implied volatility is much more important than ARCH for forecasting future volatility. Considering relative trading volume as a proxy for changes in the set of information available to investors, our findings reveal an important switching role for trading volume between a volatility forecast that reflects relatively stale information (the historical ARCH estimate) and the option‐implied forward‐looking estimate.
Outcomes following deep brain stimulation lead revision or reimplantation for Parkinson’s disease (2018)

Patients with PD who undergo reimplantation surgery due to suboptimal outcome may experience significant benefits. Reimplantation after surgical infection seems feasible and overall safe.
Fused 1,2,4‐triazole heterocycles. IV. Synthesis of four new heterocyclic ring systems of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,3]thiazinoquinolines (1997)

Abstract Syntheses of 5 H ‐[1,2,4]triazolo[5′,1′:2,3][1,3]thiazino[5,4‐ c ]quinolines 8, 5 H ‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3′,4′:2)3][1,3]thiazino[5,4‐ c ]quinolines 9, 5 H ‐[1,2,4]triazolo[5′,1′:2,3][1,3]thiazino[5,6‐ c ]quinolines 14 and 5 H ‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3′,4′:2,3][1,3]thiazino[5,6‐ c ]quinolines 15 are described starting from 4‐chloro‐3‐chloromethylquinaldine (4) and 1,2,4‐triazole‐5‐thiols 5 taking advantage of different reactivity of the chlorine atoms of 4 under different reaction conditions. The structures of products 8, 9, 14 and 15 and the intermediates leading to them were confirmed by desulfurization, unequivocal syntheses and nmr spectroscopy as well.
A Message from the Editors (2018)

With this January 2019 edition of the journal, AP&T has been in continuous publication since 1987. In 2018, it became an online-only journal, and we had the privilege of taking over the joint editorship from Professor Roy Pounder. Roy, the Founding Editor of AP&T, continues to advise us as Editor Emeritus. This year, we welcome two new Associate Editors. Professor Gideon Hirschfeld takes over from Professor Peter Hayes for liver-related papers, and Professor Richard Gearry replaces Professor Ailsa Hart with responsibility for IBD-related papers. We would like to take this opportunity of thanking Peter and Ailsa for their excellent work for AP&T during their tenure as Associate Editors. The increasing prestige of the journal is reflected in the most recent increase in our impact factor (IF); during 2018, our 2-year IF increased from 7.286 to 7.357 ranking AP&T in eighth place among 80 journals in gastroenterology and hepatology. Furthermore, AP&T was the top-ranked journal that was not affiliated with a national professional society. Table 1 lists the 10 papers published in 2017 that were the most frequently cited during 2018. While the IF indicates how often papers in AP&T are cited by authors, another relevant measure of the journal's success is the number of times that papers in AP&T are downloaded. We therefore thought it would be interesting to share some information with you. During the first nine months of 2018 the number of individual downloads via Wiley Online Library was 1 336 147 representing an increase of 4% over the same period for the preceding year. The 10 most frequently downloaded papers on Wiley Online Library, published between 1 October 2017 and 30 September 2018, concerned topics as diverse as probiotics for lower gastrointestinal symptoms to the worldwide prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. These papers are listed in Table 2 and are free-access for the next 12 months. IBD and issues related to the gut microbiome continue to be of major interest to our readers. We are excited that AP&T continues to attract high quality research across a broad spectrum of digestive and liver issues. We are grateful to the Associate Editors, our International Editorial Advisory Board, and all those who give freely of their time to review papers for AP&T. The enduring success of the journal is due largely to their efforts. Our aim is that AP&T will continue to be a “go to” source for cutting-edge research and timely, authoritative reviews on important and developing areas. If you have comments about the journal or suggestions on how we can improve things further, we would be pleased to hear from you.
Differential signaling of cmvIL‐10 through common variants of the IL‐10 receptor 1 (2008)

Human IL-10 (hIL-10) signaling is mediated by receptors consisting of two subunits, IL-10 receptor 1 (IL-10R1) and IL-10 receptor 2. Two common variants of the IL-10R1 (Ser 138 Gly (single-nucleotide polymorphism 3, SNP3) and Gly 330 Arg (SNP4)) are associated with diverse disease phenotypes. Viral homologs to hIL-10, such as cmvIL-10, utilize the same IL-10 receptor complex as part of viral immune evasion strategies. For the present study we hypothesized that IL-10R1 variants alter the ability of viral IL-10 to utilize the IL-10R1 signaling pathway. HeLa cell clones expressing different IL-10R1 haplotypes (WT or any variant) were incubated with hIL-10 or cmvIL-10. In cells expressing IL-10R1-WT, cmvIL-10 (both non-glycosylated- and HeLa-expressed) resulted in equal or slightly stronger STAT3 phosphorylation compared with hIL-10. In clones expressing IL-10R1-SNP3, IL-10R1-SNP4 or IL-10R1-SNP3+4, the cmvIL-10 showed significantly less STAT3 phosphorylation, especially when HeLa-expressed cytokines were used. Time course experiments demonstrated a slower kinetic of cmvIL-10 STAT3 activation through the variant IL-10R1. Similarly, IL-10R1 variants decreased the cmvIL-10-induced SOCS3 and signaling lymphocytic activation molecule mRNA expression. These data suggest that the IL-10R1 variants differentially reduce the signaling activity of cmvIL-10 and thereby may affect CMV's ability to escape from the host's immune surveillance.
Resolution of Inflammation: What Controls Its Onset? (2016)

An effective resolution program may be able to prevent the progression from non-resolving acute inflammation to persistent chronic inflammation. It has now become evident that coordinated resolution programs initiate shortly after inflammatory responses begin. In this context, several mechanisms provide the fine-tuning of inflammation and create a favorable environment for the resolution phase to take place and for homeostasis to return. In this review, we focus on the events required for an effective transition from the proinflammatory phase to the onset and establishment of resolution. We suggest that several mediators that promote the inflammatory phase of inflammation can simultaneously initiate a program for active resolution. Indeed, several events enact a decrease in the local chemokine concentration, a reduction which is essential to inhibit further infiltration of neutrophils into the tissue. Interestingly, although neutrophils are cells that characteristically participate in the active phase of inflammation, they also contribute to the onset of resolution. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms that initiate resolution may be instrumental to develop pro-resolution strategies to treat complex chronic inflammatory diseases, in humans. The efforts to develop strategies based on resolution of inflammation have shaped a new area of pharmacology referred to as "resolution pharmacology."
Passive balancing of the DC bus midpoint for Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) based Voltage Source Converters (2013)

This paper presents a passive method to balance the voltage of the split capacitors in Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) based Voltage Source Converters (VSC). The voltage of the two capacitors is equated by connecting a low VA transformer at the AC side of the converter. The transformer is connected in wye configuration and its neutral point is connected to the DC side midpoint through a resistance and an inductance. By doing so, it is assured that the mean voltages of the DC side capacitors are balanced. In addition, this method is independent to the load and therefore the balancing is assured under any working point of the converter. The VSC and the balancing circuit have been simulated in the simulation tool Saber and the good performance of the balancing circuit has been validated experimentally in a 6.7KVA test bench.
The distinct role of the Runx proteins in chondrocyte differentiation and intervertebral disc degeneration: Findings in murine models and in human disease (2008)

Each Runx protein has a distinct, yet overlapping, role during chondrocyte differentiation. Runx2 contributes to the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration.
Synthesis of Receptor Sites for Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> in <italic>Euglena gracilis</italic> (1989)

In Euglena gracilis, vitamin B12 uptake follows a biphasic pattern consisting of an initial rapid phase followed by a slower secondary phase. Chase experiments showed that vitamin B12 was tightly bound to its receptor-sites during either rapid or slow phase of uptake. The slow phase was markedly inhibited when Euglena cells were preincubated with cycloheximide for 30 min at a concentration of 100μg/ml. When the preincubation time was longer than 30 min, a gradual inhibition of the rapid phase occurred and reached 84% after 4 h. This inhibitory effect of cycloheximide is reversible. On the other hand, tunicamycin at 1 μ/ml irreversibly inhibited the B12 uptake suggesting that the receptor-site for B12 is glycoprotein in nature. These results suggest that the rapid phase is also dependent on protein synthesis and represents B12 binding on preexisting free receptors whereas the secondary slow phase represents Bl2 binding on newly synthesized receptors. Both phases of uptake seem to be controled by the same receptor. The half-life of the free receptor is estimated to be 66 min whereas the B12 receptor complex is very stable.
Prevention of acute kidney injury (2008)

Acute kidney injury is common and carries a high mortality. Many drugs have been evaluated for their role in preventing acute kidney injury, of which some are of no benefit and others may be harmful. This review discusses current interventions to prevent acute kidney injury and reviews the evidence base for each.
Optimal Consensus Control Design for Multiagent Systems With Multiple Time Delay Using Adaptive Dynamic Programming (2021)

In this article, a novel data-based adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) method is presented to solve the optimal consensus tracking control problem for discrete-time (DT) multiagent systems (MASs) with multiple time delays. Necessary and sufficient conditions of the corresponding equivalent time-delay system are provided on the basis of the causal transformations. Benefitting from the construction of tracking error dynamics, the optimal tracking problem can be transformed into settling the Nash-equilibrium in the graphical game, which can be completed by solving the coupled Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equations. An error estimator is introduced to construct the tracking error of the MASs only using the input and output (I/O) data. Therefore, the designed data-based ADP algorithm can minimize the cost functions and ensure the consensus of MASs without the knowledge of system dynamics. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Polymeric Rotaxanes (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTPolymeric RotaxanesAkira Harada*, Akihito Hashidzume, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, and Yoshinori TakashimaView Author Information Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan* E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 11, 5974–6023Publication Date (Web):September 8, 2009Publication History Received17 February 2009Published online8 September 2009Published inissue 11 November 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9000622https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9000622review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views15270Altmetric-Citations802LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Cadmium sulfide,Oligomers,Polymers,Rotaxanes Get e-Alerts
On the application of ultrasonic contrast agents for blood flowmetry and assessment of cardiac perfusion. (1990)

The stability, size, and ultrasonic properties of several ultrasonic microbubble contrast agents such as Albunex, SHU-454, 1% hydrogen peroxide, and sonicated solutions such as 70% and 50% dextrose, 70% sorbitol, 5% albumin, Renografin-76, and others were evaluated. Albunex was the only tested agent that was sufficiently stable over an extended period of time for in vitro ultrasonic characterization. The attenuation and backscatter coefficients of Albunex at 5 and 7.5 MHz were found to be linearly proportional to microsphere concentration at low concentrations (less than 0.01% for attenuation and less than 0.002% for backscatter). Also, Albunex was found to be more echogenic than soft tissues at 5 MHz even after being diluted to 0.0003% of the original concentration. Next, the feasibility of using this acoustic information for contrast blood flowmetry was investigated. In vitro flow estimates in a mock flow loop were made using only the ultrasonic properties of the contrast agent. Bolus injections of Albunex and indicator-dilution curves inferred from ultrasonic measurements were used to estimate calibrated flow rate ranging from 400 to 5000 mL/min. The flow estimates from attenuation measurements showed a good correlation with those from an independent method (r = 0.97), but the results from backscatter studies did not correlate well. These results demonstrate that attenuation measurement may be a feasible alternative for in vivo blood flow measurement in conjunction with the indicator dilution principle or estimation of tissue perfusion such as myocardial perfusion using a time-activity approach.
Fermi Timing and Synchronization System (2006)

The Fermi FEL will depend critically on precise timing of its RF, laser and diagnostic subsystems. The timing subsystem to coordinate these functions will need to reliably maintain sub-100fs synchronicity between distant points up to 300m apart in the Fermi facility. The technology to do this is not commercially available, and has not been experimentally demonstrated in a working facility. Therefore, new technology must be developed to meet these needs. Two approaches have been researched by different groups working with the Fermi staff. At MIT, a pulse transmission scheme has been developed for synchronization of RF and laser devices. And at LBL, a CW transmission scheme has been developed for RF and laser synchronization. These respective schemes have advantages and disadvantages that will become better understood in coming years. This document presents the work done by both teams, and suggests a possible system design which integrates them both. The integrated system design provides an example of how choices can be made between the different approaches without significantly changing the basic infrastructure of the system. Overall system issues common to any synchronization scheme are also discussed.
Investigation of Rapid Pressurization Techniques for the Ram Accelerator (2003)

Abstract : This research program demonstrated that flared-cup diaphragms made from polycarbonate can be shot down a smooth bore tube and that they form a tight pressure seal wherever they come to rest. Control of the stopping position was achieved by shooting the cup diaphragm with excess velocity into a tube insert that had serrated ridges formed by cutting annular grooves inside the tube walls. The combination of internal pressurization and spring tension forces pushed the walls of the cup diaphragm deeply into the grooves of the insert which abruptly stopped the diaphragm movement and formed a good pressure seal. Live-fire ram accelerator experiments showed that projectiles with magnesium nose tips can readily penetrate the thick-walled polycarbonate diaphragms without any impact on ram accelerator performance, and that the diaphragm fragments are completely blown out of the catcher insert every time. These experimental results demonstrated that a breech-loaded diaphragm system can be readily implemented.