gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Volumetric image compression by 3D discrete wavelet transform (DWT)</title> (1995)

The newly developed discrete wavelet transform (DWT) compression method is far superior to previous full frame discrete cosine transform (FFDCT) as well as industrial standard JPEG. Due to its localization properties both in spatial and transform domain, the quantization error introduced in DWT will not propagate globally as in FFDCT. Also DWT transform is a global technique that avoids the JPEG type block artifacts. As in all techniques, correlation among pixels makes compression possible. In volumetric image sets, such as CT and MR, inter-slice correlation can be exploited in addition to in-slice correlation. In this 3D DWT study, inter- slice correlation has also been investigated for CT and MR image set. Different numbers of slices are grouped together to perform wavelet transform in the transaxiale direction as a mean of testing relationship between correlation and compression efficiency. The 3D DWT is developed on UNIX platform. Significant higher compression ratio is achieved by compressing CT data as a volume versus one slice at a time. DWT is an excellent technique for exploiting inter-slice correlation to gain additional compression efficiency.
Buried-grid fabrication by silicon liquid-phase epitaxy (1979)

This paper describes the application of silicon liquid phase epitaxy for the fabrication of buried-grid regions. It is demonstrated here that closely spaced buried-grid regions can be fabricated by this technique if the melt is supersaturated prior to epitaxial growth.
Developments of new force reflecting control schemes and an application to a teleoperation training simulator (2003)

Two schemes of force reflecting control, position-error based force reflection and low-pass-filtered force reflection, both combined with shared compliance control, were developed for dissimilar master-slave arms. These schemes permitted high force reflection gains, which were not possible with a conventional scheme when the slave arm was much stiffer than the master arm. The experimental results with a peg-in-hole task indicated that the force reflecting control schemes combined with compliance control, as presented, resulted in best task performances. As a related application, a simulated force reflection/shared compliance control teleoperation trainer was developed that provided the operator with the feel of kinesthetic force virtual reality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis of TiB2-TiC Composites by the Solid-State Reaction between B4C and Ti Powders. (1999)

The mechanism of solid-state reaction between B4C and Ti powders has been examined in the temperature range between 1000°C and 1300°C. In the early stage of the reaction, TiB and nonstoichiometric TiC0.58 in equilibrium with C-saturated Ti were formed from B4C and Ti; then TiB2 and TiCx containing higher amounts of C were formed from TiB, TiC0.58 and remaining B4C until the reaction ceased at an x-value of 0.69. This reaction path was not changed basically in the temperature range examined although the reaction rate was increased with temperature. Every product grain consisted of a TiCx core and a TiB2 layer around the core. This suggests that B hardly migrates in products and the reaction proceeds mainly by inward C diffusion and outward Ti diffusion through the products.
Bakteerien mikrobilääkeherkkyyden tuloksen tulkinta muuttuu (2021)

Bakteerien mikrobilääkeherkkyysmäärityksissä herkän (S) ja resistentin (R) tuloksen määritelmät pysyvät ennallaan, mutta välimuotoisesti herkän (I) tuloksen tulkinta on muuttumassa. Jatkossa I-tulos tarkoittaa sitä, että bakteerin aiheuttama infektio on hoidettavissa kyseisellä lääkkeellä, mutta annostuksen on oltava riittävän suuri. Suomessa uusi määritelmä otetaan käyttöön asteittain vuoden 2021 aikana.
Maternal and cord blood parameters are associated with placental and newborn outcomes in indigenous mothers: A case study in the MINDI cohort (2021)

Maternal-newborn hemoconcentration, subclinical inflammation and multiple nutrient deficiencies, particularly neonatal vitamin D deficiency, were identified as potential targets for interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes in vulnerable communities.
Construção do conhecimento em organizações na perspectiva da modelagem de sistemas cognitivos (2021)

Este volume da Série Compartilhando Saberes se dedica ao tema da modelagem de sistemas cognitivos. O eBook é organizado por Thiago Barros Murari, Aloísio Santos Nascimento Filho e Hernane Borges de Barros Pereira, tendo acesso gratuito no site da Editora Pimenta Cultural.
Un nouveau manuscrit de « Monsieur Prudhomme » (2020)

Le présent article révèle et reproduit un manuscrit inédit de « Monsieur Prudhomme », comparant cette version avec d’autres, manuscrites et imprimées, de la période 1862-1866. Les variantes laissent penser que cette version offre un stade du poème antérieur de peu au texte publié dans la Revue du Progrès en 1863.
Optical Absorption in Tetracyanoquinodimethan (1969)

Reflection and transmission measurements in the range 0.29–2.5 μ are made on “as grown” surfaces of tetracyanoquinodimethan. The data are analyzed by Kramers–Kronig method to yield the optical constants. Optical constants were also calculated from the reflectance measurements at different angles of incidences using Fresnel's equations. The absorption coefficients thus obtained are interpreted in terms of an allowed direct transition which was further verified by transmission measurements.
Acoustic bubble sorting for ultrasound contrast agent enrichment (2014)

An ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) suspension contains encapsulated microbubbles with a wide size distribution, with radii ranging from 1 to 10 μm. Medical transducers typically operate at a single frequency, therefore only a small selection of bubbles will resonate to the driving ultrasound pulse. Thus, the sensitivity can be improved by narrowing down the size distribution. Here, we present a simple lab-on-a-chip method to sort the population of microbubbles on-chip using a traveling ultrasound wave. First, we explore the physical parameter space of acoustic bubble sorting using well-defined bubble sizes formed in a flow-focusing device, then we demonstrate successful acoustic sorting of a commercial UCA. This novel sorting strategy may lead to an overall improvement of the sensitivity of contrast ultrasound by more than 10 dB.
Anti-Stokes luminescence in bismuth-doped aluminoand phosphosilicate fibres under two-step IR excitation (2016)

We have studied the luminescence properties of optical fibres with a bismuth-doped alumino- and phosphosilicate glass core under two-step excitation and obtained new experimental data on the properties of luminescence centres in such fibres.
Effect of permethrin on house fly resistance (1988)

Resistance has developed on several southern California dairies that have had to rely on regular permethrin treatments
DC isolated directional coupler (2014)

Novel designs of directional couplers with input and output isolation for microwave circuits are proposed. The low-loss directional coupler on coupled lines designed with implementation of multilayer liquid crystal polymer (LCP) technology is considered as a component of phase shifters. Using thin layers of LCP circuit material makes it possible to realize a periodical capacitive loading of coupled lines in order to obtain dc isolation between input and outputs, which allows significant simplifying the biasing circuitry of phase shifters and as a result reducing overall size. In line with the experimental results of the coupled line structure the insertion loss does not exceed 0.1 dB in operational frequency band 2.7-3.2 GHz.
Kinetic analysis of acetylCoA synthetase activity in skeletal muscle (2012)

LIFMET
Open GIS Component Software Ensuring an Interoperability of Spatial Information (2001)

The Information Technology has progressed to the open architecture, component, and multimedia services under Internet, ensuring interoperability, reusability, and realtime. The GIS is a system processing geo-spatial information such as natural resources, buildings, roads, and many kinds of facilities in the earth. The spatial information featured by complexity and diversity requires interoperability and reusability of pre-built databases under open architecture. This paper is for the development of component based open GIS Software. The goal of the open GIS component software is a middleware of GIS combining technology of open architecture and component ensuring interoperability of spatial information and reusability of elementary pieces of GIS software. The open GIS component conforms to the distributed open architecture for spatial information proposed by OGC (Open GIS Consortium). The system consists of data provider components, kernel (MapBase) components, clearinghouse components and five kinds of GIS application of local governments. The data provider component places a unique OLE DB interface to connect and access diverse data sources independent of their formats and locations. The MapBase component supports core and common technology of GIS feasible for various applications. The clearinghouse component provides functionality about discovery and access of spatial information under Internet. The system is implemented using ATL/COM and Visual C++ under MicroSoft's Windows environment and consisted of more than 20 components. As we made case study for KSDI (Korea Spatial Data Infrastructure) sharing spatial information between local governments, the advantage of component based open GIS software was proved. Now, we are undertaking another case study for sharing seven kinds of underground facilities using the open GIS component software.
Demodulation of servo tracking signals printed with a lithographically patterned master disk (2001)

Demodulation of the servo tracking signals magnetically printed on hard disks by using a lithographically patterned master disk has been studied. Position signal decoded from the printed servo pattern was successfully demonstrated on a spin stand. Position error evaluated in a prototype drive was 30% track pitch. Pulse timing shift control by compensating the pattern dimension, and introduction of a more sophisticated servo control system for actively controlling the printed pattern eccentricity would be key issues for further improvements.
Development of an injectable thiolated icariin functionalized collagen/hyaluronic hydrogel to promote cartilage formation in vitro and in vivo (2019)

Development of an in situ injectable hydrogel with controlled-release of bioactive molecules is an effective strategy to maintain chondrocyte phenotype and promote cartilage formation for clinical applications. In this study, we developed an injectable thiolated icariin functionalized hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogel (HIC) under physiological conditions. In order to covalently introduce icariin (Ica) into an injectable hydrogel and increase its loading, thiolated icariin (Ica-SH) was successfully synthesized. Ica-SH could not only decrease the cytotoxicity of Ica, but also increase the Ica loading in hydrogels. Compared to hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogels, HICs facilitated chondrocyte proliferation, maintained chondrocyte phenotype and promoted the secretion of the cartilage extracellular matrix. Overall, this study suggests that HIC has great potential to be developed as an effective and less invasive candidate for clinical application in articular cartilage repair.
How Software Developers Mitigate Collaboration Friction with Chatbots (2017)

Modern software developers rely on an extensive set of social media tools and communication channels. The adoption of team communication platforms has led to the emergence of conversation-based tools and integrations, many of which are chatbots. Understanding how software developers manage their complex constellation of collaborators in conjunction with the practices and tools they use can bring valuable insights into socio-technical collaborative work in software development and other knowledge work domains. In this paper, we explore how chatbots can help reduce the friction points software developers face when working collaboratively. Using a socio-technical model for collaborative work, we identify three main areas for conflict: friction stemming from team interactions with each other, an individual's interactions with technology, and team interactions with technology. Finally, we provide a set of open questions for discussion within the research community.
Thermogravimetric and Gas Chromatographic Studies on Fluorinated -diketone Chelates of Lanthanides (2014)

2 Abstract: The tris chelates of lanthanides (Ln) with various -diketones were synthesized in pure state and characterized by thermal and spectral data. Based on the thermogravimetric and gas chromatographic (GC) studies the anhydrous tris-chelates of lanthanides with hexafluoroacetylacetone (HFAA) are found to possess favourable thermal, solvolytic and volatile properties for GC analysis. Anhydrous tris chelates, Ln(HFAA) , 3 exhibit regular increase in retention times with increasing ionic radius. Calibration curves of each individual lanthanides indicate linear range in between 2.0 to 35 µg/ml with standard deviation in between 0.025 to 0.099.
Adsorption of Acetone on Rutile TiO2: A DFT and FTIRS Study (2018)

Acetone adsorbed on rutile TiO 2 nanoparticles was investigated with respect to its energetic, vibrational, and chemical properties. Temperature-dependent ultrahigh-vacuum Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements for different acetone dosages (4.5-900 L) give insights into the acetone adsorption behavior. Those experiments indicate thermal-induced reactions of acetone on rutile TiO 2 surfaces yielding new species. Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate acetone adsorption on rutile TiO 2 (110). Particularly, the importance of sampling the adsorption configuration space is shown. Adsorption geometries that are energetically significantly more favorable than the commonly used high-symmetry configurations are presented. To facilitate the comparability to the experiment, theoretical infrared spectra were computed using density functional perturbation theory for various acetone adsorption geometries using different exchange-correlation functionals. Additionally, computational spectra were obtained for several species which are potential products from reactions of acetone on TiO 2 surfaces. The investigated species are η 2 -acetate, η 2 -diolate, η 1 -enolate, and mesityl oxide. For η 1 -acetone, experimental and calculated spectra fit well for low temperatures, whereas for elevated temperatures, emerging bands indicate the formation of diolate.
Overall Perspective on the Role of Prolactin in the Prostate (2020)

Despite the progress in the endocrinology of prolactin (PRL) the role of this hormone in prostatic physiology and pathology remains poorly defined. Clinically, unequivocal evidence to demonstrate a role of PRL in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia or carcinoma of the prostate is lacking. Although clinical evidence is lacking, there are ample experimental examples to indicate the prostate is a target tissue for PRL. In the rat, for instance, PRL is able to alter the fresh weight and secretory responses of the prostate. These observations have clearly established an important role of PRL in growth and function of the prostate. The major task remains the elucidation of the exact mechanism of action of this hormone in prostatic cells. In view of the diversified nature of PRL action in a wide range of target tissues, a major challenge for scientists is to pinpoint the exact mode of action of PRL in prostatic growth and function.
Fluorescence-guided resection of experimental malignant glioma using cetuximab-IRDye 800CW (2015)

The standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains maximal safe surgical resection. Here, we evaluated the ability of a systemically administered antibody-dye probe conjugate (cetuximab-IRDye 800CW) to provide sufficient fluorescent contrast for surgical resection of disease in both subcutaneous and orthotopic animal models of GBM. Multiple luciferase-positive GBM cell lines (D-54MG, U-87MG, and U-251MG; n = 5) were implanted in mouse flank and tumors were fluorescently imaged daily using a closed-field near-infrared (NIR) system after cetuximab-IRDye 800CW systemic administration. Orthotopic models were also generated (n = 5), and tumor resection was performed under white light and fluorescence guidance using an FDA-approved wide-field NIR imaging system. Residual tumor was monitored using luciferase imaging. Immunohistochemistry was performed to characterize tumor fluorescence, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, and vessel density. Daily imaging of tumors revealed an average tumor-to-background (TBR) of 4.5 for U-87MG, 4.1 for D-54MG, and 3.7 for U-251MG. Fluorescence intensity within the tumors peaked on day-1 after cetuximab-IRDye 800CW administration, however the TBR increased over time in two of the three cell lines. For the orthotopic model, TBR on surgery day ranged from 19 to 23 during wide-field, intraoperative imaging. Surgical resection under white light on day 3 after cetuximab-IRDye 800CW resulted in an average 41% reduction in luciferase signal while fluorescence-guided resection using wide-field NIR imaging resulted in a significantly (P = 0.001) greater reduction in luciferase signal (87%). Reduction of luciferase signal was found to correlate (R (2) = 0.99) with reduction in fluorescence intensity. Fluorescence intensity was found to correlate (P < 0.05) with EGFR expression in D-54MG and U-251MG tumor types but not U-87MG. However, tumor fluorescence was found to correlate with vessel density for the U-87MG tumors. Here we show systemic administration of cetuximab-IRDye 800CW in combination with wide-field NIR imaging provided robust and specific fluorescence contrast for successful localization of disease in subcutaneous and orthotopic animal models of GBM.
Physical and Chemical Roughness of Alkali-Animonide Cathodes (2018)

Over the last decade, alkali-antimonides have been investigated as high QE cathodes in green light and more recently as ultra-low intrinsic emittance cathodes in near-threshold red wavelengths at cryogenic temperatures*. Nano-meter scale surface non-uniformities (physical roughness and chemical roughness or work function variations) are thought to limit the smallest possible emittance from these materials at the photoemission threshold under cryogenic conditions**. Despite this, the surfaces of alkali-antimonides have not been well characterized in terms of the surface non-uniformities. Here, we present measurements of both the physical and chemical roughness of alkali-antimonide surfaces using several surface characterization techniques like atomic force microscopy, kelvin probe force microscopy, low energy electron microscopy and near-threshold photoemission electron microscopy and show how such non-uniformities limit the intrinsic emittance.
Microneedle-based devices for point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics (2021)

Recent infectious disease outbreaks, such as COVID-19 and Ebola, have highlighted the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis to initiate treatment and curb transmission. Successful diagnostic strategies critically depend on the efficiency of biological sampling and timely analysis. However, current diagnostic techniques are invasive/intrusive and present a severe bottleneck by requiring specialist equipment and trained personnel. Moreover, centralised test facilities are poorly accessible and the requirement to travel may increase disease transmission. Self-administrable, point-of-care (PoC) microneedle diagnostic devices could provide a viable solution to these problems. These miniature needle arrays can detect biomarkers in/from the skin in a minimally invasive manner to provide (near-) real-time diagnosis. Few microneedle devices have been developed specifically for infectious disease diagnosis, though similar technologies are well established in other fields and generally adaptable for infectious disease diagnosis. These include microneedles for biofluid extraction, microneedle sensors and analyte-capturing microneedles, or combinations thereof. Analyte sampling/detection from both blood and dermal interstitial fluid is possible. These technologies are in their early stages of development for infectious disease diagnostics, and there is a vast scope for further development. In this review, we discuss the utility and future outlook of these microneedle technologies in infectious disease diagnosis.
Vitamin B12, Folate, Homocysteine, and Bone Health in Adults and Elderly People: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses (2013)

Elevated homocysteine levels and low vitamin B12 and folate levels have been associated with deteriorated bone health. This systematic literature review with dose-response meta-analyses summarizes the available scientific evidence on associations of vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine status with fractures and bone mineral density (BMD). Twenty-seven eligible cross-sectional (n = 14) and prospective (n = 13) observational studies and one RCT were identified. Meta-analysis on four prospective studies including 7475 people showed a modest decrease in fracture risk of 4% per 50 pmol/L increase in vitamin B12 levels, which was borderline significant (RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92 to 1.00). Meta-analysis of eight studies including 11511 people showed an increased fracture risk of 4% per μ mol/L increase in homocysteine concentration (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.07). We could not draw a conclusion regarding folate levels and fracture risk, as too few studies investigated this association. Meta-analyses regarding vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels, and BMD were possible in female populations only and showed no associations. Results from studies regarding BMD that could not be included in the meta-analyses were not univocal.
Document Capturing Method with a Camera Using Robust Feature Points Detection (2011)

This paper presents a method of capturing a document with a single camera based on the Hough transform with reduced angle domain. Document image capturing with a camera has some advantages over traditional flatbed scanners. A problem of capturing a document with a camera is to find a paper region in an image and find robust features to remove perspective distortions. If we have boundary information of a paper with a document to extract feature points, a homography could be estimated to remove perspective distortions. In this paper, text regions in a document are removed with edge plane decomposition to detect the region and the boundary of a paper in an image from a camera, because characters in a document make outliers, which make it difficult to find features. After removing text regions in a document, feature points to remove perspective distortions are extracted by the Hough transform in reduced angle domain from each decomposed edge plane. The experimental results show that the proposed method successfully removes text regions, which are outliers of finding line features to eliminate perspective distortions. A document region is extracted from the image successfully.