gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EZH1 and EZH2 cogovern histone H3K27 trimethylation and are essential for hair follicle homeostasis and wound repair (2011)

Polycomb protein group (PcG)-dependent trimethylation on H3K27 (H3K27me3) regulates identity of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). How H3K27me3 governs adult SCs and tissue development is unclear. Here, we conditionally target H3K27 methyltransferases Ezh2 and Ezh1 to address their roles in mouse skin homeostasis. Postnatal phenotypes appear only in doubly targeted skin, where H3K27me3 is abolished, revealing functional redundancy in EZH1/2 proteins. Surprisingly, while Ezh1/2-null hair follicles (HFs) arrest morphogenesis and degenerate due to defective proliferation and increased apoptosis, epidermis hyperproliferates and survives engraftment. mRNA microarray studies reveal that, despite these striking phenotypic differences, similar genes are up-regulated in HF and epidermal Ezh1/2-null progenitors. Featured prominently are (1) PcG-controlled nonskin lineage genes, whose expression is still significantly lower than in native tissues, and (2) the PcG-regulated Ink4a/Inkb/Arf locus. Interestingly, when EZH1/2 are absent, even though Ink4a/Arf/Ink4b genes are fully activated in HF cells, they are only partially so in epidermal progenitors. Importantly, transduction of Ink4b/Ink4a/Arf shRNAs restores proliferation/survival of Ezh1/2-null HF progenitors in vitro, pointing toward the relevance of this locus to the observed HF phenotypes. Our findings reveal new insights into Polycomb-dependent tissue control, and provide a new twist to how different progenitors within one tissue respond to loss of H3K27me3.
De l'objet-Relation au Construire en Faisant : application à la spécification de scénarios de formation à la maintenance en réalité virtuelle (2005)

L'utilisation de la Realite Virtuelle (RV) pour la formation est un domaine fortement stimule par des besoins importants d'apprentissage sur des materiels souvent fragiles, indisponibles, couteux ou encore dangereux. La mise en oeuvre de tels environnements de formation requiert le deploiement d'outils considerables, a la croisee de disciplines et d'acteurs varies : informatique graphique et comportementale, simulation physique, considerations pedagogiques, savoir-faire portant sur le theme de la formation, etc. De plus, cette mise en oeuvre complexe est souvent portee par des projets nouveaux, pour lesquels la reutilisation de developpements precedents est un probleme majeur. L'objectif de cette these est de proposer des approches generiques et capitalisables visant a ouvrir la voie de plateformes auteur d'applications de formation a la maintenance industrielle en RV. Nous proposerons tout d'abord la modelisation STORM (Simulation and Training Object-Relation Model), qui offre dans un premier temps un modele d'objet comportemental dote de capacites d'interactions possibles entre plusieurs objets comportementaux. Nous proposerons ensuite un langage de scenarisation pour la definition de procedures de maintenance : le langage LORA (Language for Objet-Relation Application). Ce langage, a la fois graphique et textuel, dont la philosophie est de decrire ce qui peut etre fait, permet a des non-informaticiens de definir des enchainements varies et complexes d'actions dans une scene virtuelle. Bases sur ces deux modeles, nous presenterons enfin notre outil-auteur permettant la saisie de procedures par leur demonstration dans la scene virtuelle. Cet outil et les mises en oeuvre de STORM et LORA s'inscrivent dans le deploiement de l'application GTV (Giat Virtual Training) : outil de formation a la maintenance en RV et plateforme de developpement de telles applications. GTV est developpe dans le cadre d'une collaboration Recherche/Industrie, par les laboratoires de l'ENIB et l'IRISA, et l'industriel Giat-Industries.
Self-learning Monte Carlo method (2017)

Monte Carlo simulation is an unbiased numerical tool for studying classical and quantum many-body systems. One of its bottlenecks is the lack of a general and efficient update algorithm for large size systems close to the phase transition, for which local updates perform badly. In this Rapid Communication, we propose a general-purpose Monte Carlo method, dubbed self-learning Monte Carlo (SLMC), in which an efficient update algorithm is first learned from the training data generated in trial simulations and then used to speed up the actual simulation. We demonstrate the efficiency of SLMC in a spin model at the phase transition point, achieving a 10--20 times speedup.
Nitrogen Source Stabilization of Quorum Sensing in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bioaugmentation Strain SD-1 (2017)

<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> SD-1 is efficient at degrading aromatic compounds and can therefore contribute to the bioremediation of wastewater. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> uses quorum sensing (QS) to regulate the production of numerous secreted "public goods." In wastewater bioaugmentation applications, there are myriad nitrogen sources, and we queried whether various nitrogen sources impact the stabilities of both QS and the bacterial populations. In a laboratory strain of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, PAO1, the absence of a nitrogen source has been shown to destabilize these populations through the emergence of QS mutant "cheaters." We tested the ability of SD-1 to grow in casein broth, a condition that requires QS for growth, when the nitrogen source with either NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, or NaNO<sub>2</sub> or with no added nitrogen source. There was great variability in susceptibility to invasion by QS mutant cheaters and, by extension, the stability of the SD-1 population. When grown with NH<sub>4</sub>Cl as an extra nitrogen source, no population collapse was observed; by contrast, two-thirds of cultures grown in the presence of NaNO<sub>2</sub> collapsed. In the populations that collapsed, the frequency of social cheaters exceeded 40%. NaNO<sub>3</sub> and NaNO<sub>2</sub> directly favor QS mutants of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> SD-1. Although the mechanism by which these nitrogen sources act is not clear, these data indicate that the metabolism of nitrogen can affect the stability of bacterial populations, an important observation for continuing industrial applications with this species.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Bioaugmentation as a method to help remediate wastewater pollutant streams holds significant potential to enhance traditional methods of treatment. Addition of microbes that can catabolize organic pollutants can be an effective method to remove several toxic compounds. Such bioaugmented strains of bacteria have been shown to be susceptible to competition from the microbiota that are present in wastewater streams, limiting their potential effectiveness. Here, we show that bioaugmentation strains of bacteria might also be susceptible to invasion by social cheaters and that the nitrogen sources available in the wastewater might influence the ability of cheaters to overtake the bioaugmentation strains. Our results imply that control over the nitrogen sources in a wastewater stream or selective addition of certain nitrogen sources could help stabilize bioaugmentation strains of bacteria.
Feasibility Study of Hyperspectral Line-Scanning Camera Imagery for Remote Sensing Purposes (2018)

Hyperspectral instruments are used to characterise (terrestrial)and planetary surfaces, oceans and the atmosphere. At present there are a number of aircraft systems and space missions. Examples are DESIS on the ISS and MERTIS as part of the planetary mission Bepi Colombo. In this work a scanning system for hyperspectral panoramas is investigated. In classical systems with spectrographs, the input aperture is a long slit whose image is distributed over a 2-D detector array so that all points along a line in the scene are scanned simultaneously. The spectral dimension is then orthogonal to the slot. There are low cost hyperspectral scanners having 2D variable spectral filters with each filter positioned perpendicular to the direction of movement or flight. The biggest challenge when using these low-cost scanners, for example for airborne applications, is the mapping of the images of the individual spectral channels to each other (co-registration). The solution to the problem is the prerequisite for using this type of hyperspectral cameras. Therefore, an investigation should focus on the process of data collection, correction and registration. To test for future applications, the camera was operated as a panorama scanner. In order to evaluate the quality, the derived results of scene classification should be described here.
Thermoelectrochemical formation of Fe/Fe3C@hollow N-doped carbon in molten salts for enhanced catalysis (2020)

A low-temperature thermoelectrochemical coupling in molten salts converts Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@polydopamine to Fe/Fe<sub>3</sub>C nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon with promising catalytic capability.
LCST-type polymers based on chiral-polymeric ionic liquids (2014)

The self-assembly of linear polymers containing chiral IL units generates a high-order supramacromolecular structure with a complex hierarchical architecture, which is able to exhibit thermoresponsive behavior (lower critical solution temperature: LCST) with different structural elements that can be used to fine tune this LCST.
Carnitine (1983)

Carnitine has a critical role in energy metabolism. Many of the functions of carnitine are not clearly elucidated and many of the regulatory mechanisms governing carnitine metabolism are ill-defined. Carnitine deficiency can be life threatening but may be resolved with carnitine supplementation. Various groups of individuals in addition to those with the classical carnitine deficiency syndrome may require exogenous carnitine. Carnitine nutriture can no longer be ignored.
Rock Fabric Influence on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation (2015)

Summary Hydraulic fracturing is crucial for hydrocarbon production from unconventional reservoirs. However, often the efficiency of the completion treatment is poor, which is considered to be a result of lateral heterogeneity in reservoir quality. To investigate the influence of rock fabric on a near-wellbore geometry, we conducted two laboratory tests on Niobrara outcrop shale blocks stressed in true-triaxial frames. The Acoustic Emission (AE) technique monitored hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation, while post-test measurements revealed the fracture shape and aperture. In both tests, AE analysis indicated hydraulic fracture initiation prior to the maximum wellbore pressure (breakdown) and asymmetrical fracture propagation. Post-test analysis demonstrated that AE results corresponded well with post-mortem surface maps. The first test revealed a crossing of weak bedding planes accompanied by fluid leak-off. In the second test, the hydraulic fracture was arrested at the boundary of a calcite-filled fracture. In addition, fracture aperture mapping indicated narrow aperture in that area. We conclude that near-wellbore planes of weakness, such as mineralized natural fractures, can result in hydraulic fracture propagation arrest, or in poor fracture geometries with limited aperture that, in turn, could lead to high treating pressures, low fracture conductivity, restricted proppant delivery and decreased production.
A phase II clinical study of the long-term safety and antiviral activity of enfuvirtide-based antiretroviral therapy (2003)

Self-administration of enfuvirtide is not associated with unexpected toxicities for up to one year, and combined with oral antiretroviral drugs was associated with a significant decrease in HIV RNA and an increase in CD4 cell counts.
180° low-energy impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (1990)

A low-energy impact collision ion (neutral) scattering spectrometer [(N)ICISS] for exact 180° backscattering has been developed. The energy distribution of the backscattered particles is measured with the time-of-flight method (TOF). 180° backscattering spectra are compared with 145°/140° ones. The nearly identical trajectories for incoming and backscattered particles result in the main advantage of 180° NICISS, namely, a quasi-double focusing effect leads to extremely well behaved peaks in the measured angular patterns.
Pulsatile Flow Inside Moderately Elastic Arteries, Its Modelling and Effects of Elasticity (2002)

Pulsatile flow inside a moderately elastic circular conduit with a smooth expansion is studied as a model to understand the influence of wall elasticity in artery flow. The solution of the simultaneous fluid-wall evolution is evaluated by a perturbative method, where the zeroth order solution is represented by the flow in a rigid vessel; the first order correction gives the wall motion and induced flow modification without the need to solve the difficult coupled problem. Such an approach essentially assumes a locally infinite celerity, therefore it represent a good approximation for the fluid-wall interaction in sites of limited extent (branches, stenosis, aneurism, etc.), which include typical situations associated with vascular diseases. The problem is solved numerically in the axisymmetric approximation; the influence of wall elasticity on the flow and on the unsteady wall shear stress is studied in correspondence of parameters taken from realistic artery flow. Attention is posed to the role of phase difference between the incoming pressure and flow pulses.
<title>Megaserver architechture: a simple, low-cost FDDI network design</title> (1993)

This paper describes a simple low cost FDDI network design that eliminates the need for expensive brouters (bridges or routers) to interconnect lower speed LANs to the dual ring FDDI backbone. The multiple servers attached to the dual ring backbone provide a highly fault tolerant parallel processing capability approaching that of a mainframe. This is dubbed `MegaServer Architecture.' Design of the total integrated network in MegaServer Environment is described.
Predicting and measuring drift of Bacillus thuringiensis sprays (1993)

Abstract Drift of the pesticide Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki (Bt) was measured downwind from a gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) treatment block in mountain terrain. The study was conducted in conjunction with a project to eradicate the moth along the Wasatch mountain range of Utah. Objectives of the study were to quantitate drift, to evaluate drift sampling methods, and to compare FSCBG (Forest Service Cramer-Barry-Grim) computer model predictions to field measurements of Bt based on colony-forming units. The treatment block was sprayed by helicopter three times, within a 12-d period during June 1991, which provided a study of three replicates. During each spray, downslope drainage winds carried the spray over an array of samplers that extended 3,150 m downwind. The FSCBG dispersion model, exercised after the treatments, used meteorological inputs measured during the treatments to predict spray deposition and airborne dosage of Bt. Results of the study demonstrated a correlation among dosage, deposition and total flux samplers; a potential of Bt drift of at least 3,150 m; and FSCBG model predictions that generally followed the field recovery data.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands
Analytical assessment of the Q-factor due to cross-phase modulation (XPM) in multispan WDM transmission systems (2003)

In this paper cross-phase modulation (XPM) and its impact on multispan NRZ-modulated wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems is examined. An analytical model is presented to assess the signal degradation. The impairments due to XPM are related to a Q-factor. The presented formulas are examined for different dispersion compensation schemes and also mixed-fiber systems. The analytical models are verified by system simulations employing the split-step Fourier method. To determine the impairments due to XPM the pump-probe model is used, which assesses the distortion of an unmodulated probe channel. It is shown that this model is applicable to NRZ systems. Existing analytical models are extended for certain conditions, e.g. given dispersion compensation schemes such as the distributed under-compensation scheme (DUCS) or the full-inline and optimized post compensation scheme (FOCS). Furthermore, a formula will be suggested to estimate the degradation of performance, if further WDM channels are added to an existing system.
A noninvasive, remote and precise method for temperature and concentration estimation using magnetic nanoparticles (2012)

This study describes an approach for remote measuring of on-site temperature and particle concentration using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via simulation and also experimentally. The sensor model indicates that under different applied magnetic fields, the magnetization equation of the MNPs can be discretized to give a higher-order nonlinear equation in two variables that consequently separates information regarding temperature and particle concentration. As a result, on-site tissue temperature or nanoparticle concentration can be determined using remote detection of the magnetization. In order to address key issues in the higher-order equation we propose a new solution method of the first-order model from the perspective of the generalized inverse matrix. Simulations for solving the equation, as well as to optimize the solution of higher equations, were carried out. In the final section we describe a prototype experiment used to investigate the measurement of the temperature in which we used a superconducting magnetometer and commercial MNPs. The overall error after nine repeated measurements was found to be less than 0.57 K within 310-350 K, with a corresponding root mean square of less than 0.55 K. A linear relationship was also found between the estimated concentration of MNPs and the sample's mass.
Radar facies: recognition of facies patterns and heterogeneities within Pleistocene Rhine gravels, NE Switzerland (1993)

Abstract Pleistocene braided-river deposits in river valleys constitute a large fraction of natural groundwater reservoirs in Switzerland. A key for estimating the residence times of water and for determining the extent of macrodispersion, which describes large-scale mixing processes in the aquifers, is a knowledge of the distribution of hydraulic conductivities. In many contamination problems, sedimentological information is sparse and drill-core descriptions and pumping-tests only give a limited picture of the geometry of inhomogeneities. Ground-probing radar (GPR) offers the potential to resolve sedimentary structures and lithofacies in gravel deposits. For example, the geometry of characteristic sedimentary structures and the textures of late Pleistocene Rhine gravel are portrayed on GPR reflection images. Because of the ability of the GPR method to detect changes in water content, the reflection image can be related to small changes in the degree of sediment saturation, which may also reflect a change in sediment composition. This allows a distinction between several characteristic lithofacies that are typical of late Pleistocene braided-river depositional systems. The main limitation of the GPR method is the rapid attenuation of electromagnetic waves in the ground, especially in clay-covered regions.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Hydrogenation of Pyridines. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Lateral Diffusion in Ag–Se Thin-Film Couples (1969)

A study has been made of the diffusion of Ag along thin evaporated Se films using optical and transmission electron microscopy. The effect on the growth rate of varying both the Ag and Se film thicknesses and the temperature has been studied. Thin-film diffusion rates were considerably faster than in bulk diffusion couples, indicating some short-circuit diffusion mechanism. An important result of the investigation was the demonstration of a critical thickness ratio of Ag to Se which had to be exceeded in order for diffusion to occur. This critical ratio depended only on the stoichiometry of the Ag2Se phase formed during diffusion.
Energy efficient small cell activation mechanism for heterogeneous networks (2013)

In this paper, we present a novel small cell activation mechanism for heterogeneous networks, which considers the energy saving gains obtained based on the amount of traffic load off-loaded from the macro cell to small cells, while avoiding UE QoS degradation. The main idea is to off-load traffic to small cells in energy saving mode, only when there is significant energy saving gains achievable from the process, thereby reducing the total energy consumption of the network. The mechanism is evaluated using LTE-Advanced heterogeneous network system setting, in terms of energy saving gains as well as user throughput. The results show that with the considered scheme, significant power savings can be achieved with acceptable tradeoffs in off-loading performance, compared to an optimized proximity-based small cell activation scheme.
Attention bias away from threat during life threatening danger predicts PTSD symptoms at one-year follow-up (2011)

Attention bias away from threat during acute stress may relate to risk for PTSD. This suggests that neurocognitive measures may index risk for PTSD.
ChemInform Abstract: ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF α‐AMINO‐ACID DERIVATIVES BY ALKYLATION OF A CHIRAL SCHIFF BASE (1976)

Abstract Glycin‐tertsbutyl‐ester (II) wird mit (1S,2S,5S)‐2‐Hydroxypinanon‐(3) (I) in die Schiffsche Base (III) übergeführt, deren Dilithiumsalz (IV) zu den Verbindungen (V) alkyliert wird.
Machine learning for optical skin microscopy: a tutorial, current advances, and challenges (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Traditional clinical diagnosis and research on skin lesions, performed by visual examination, dermoscopy, biopsy, and pathology, are complemented with newer noninvasive optical imaging approaches, including reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Limitations such as single contrast (gray-scale) (RCM, OCT), limited structure-specific contrast (RCM, OCT), en face orientation (RCM), relatively low resolution (OCT), and spatially variable speckle noise (RCM, OCT), contrary to the orthogonal orientation, purple and pink color contrast and noise-free appearance of pathology. Interpreting nuclear, cellular and morphologic patterns at different magnifications and scales are mostly manual, qualitative and subjective, with consequent intra- and inter-observer variability among experts and extensive training requirements for novices. These new / developing approaches need quantitative, accurate and repeatable image reading and analysis tools, which may be created with machine learning (ML) and associated methods. Recent advances in ML offer an intellectually rich "sandbox," which can be simply and naively applied as "off the shelf" solutions. However, we contend that for longer-term success, it is critical to avoid such off-the-shelf solutions and instead design novel, specialized, microscopy-specific ML algorithms. The "sandbox" provides ideas, concepts, developments, low-level feature extraction tools and higher-level ML tools. Recent work has focused on using ML for detection of the dermal-epidermal junction in image-stacks (RCM, OCT), classification of cellular patterns in image-mosaics of melanocytic lesions (RCM), basal cell carcinoma detection (OCT), and videomosaicking (RCM). In this presentation, we provide a tutorial on applying ML to skin microscopy in the context of our experience developing novel learning models for RCM skin image analysis.