gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A maternally methylated CpG island in KvLQT1 is associated with an antisense paternal transcript and loss of imprinting in Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (1999)

Loss of imprinting at IGF2, generally through an H19-independent mechanism, is associated with a large percentage of patients with the overgrowth and cancer predisposition condition Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). Imprinting control elements are proposed to exist within the KvLQT1 locus, because multiple BWS-associated chromosome rearrangements disrupt this gene. We have identified an evolutionarily conserved, maternally methylated CpG island (KvDMR1) in an intron of the KvLQT1 gene. Among 12 cases of BWS with normal H19 methylation, 5 showed demethylation of KvDMR1 in fibroblast or lymphocyte DNA; whereas, in 4 cases of BWS with H19 hypermethylation, methylation at KvDMRl was normal. Thus, inactivation of H19 and hypomethylation at KvDMR1 (or an associated phenomenon) represent distinct epigenetic anomalies associated with biallelic expression of IGF2. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis of the human and syntenic mouse loci identified the presence of a KvDMR1-associated RNA transcribed exclusively from the paternal allele and in the opposite orientation with respect to the maternally expressed KvLQT1 gene. We propose that KvDMR1 and/or its associated antisense RNA (KvLQT1-AS) represents an additional imprinting control element or center in the human 11p15.5 and mouse distal 7 imprinted domains.
Persistence of Smoking-Induced Dysregulation of MiRNA Expression in the Small Airway Epithelium Despite Smoking Cessation (2015)

Even after quitting smoking, the risk of the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer remains significantly higher compared to healthy nonsmokers. Based on the knowledge that COPD and most lung cancers start in the small airway epithelium (SAE), we hypothesized that smoking modulates miRNA expression in the SAE linked to the pathogenesis of smoking-induced airway disease, and that some of these changes persist after smoking cessation. SAE was collected from 10th to 12th order bronchi using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Affymetrix miRNA 2.0 arrays were used to assess miRNA expression in the SAE from 9 healthy nonsmokers and 10 healthy smokers, before and after they quit smoking for 3 months. Smoking status was determined by urine nicotine and cotinine measurement. There were significant differences in the expression of 34 miRNAs between healthy smokers and healthy nonsmokers (p<0.01, fold-change >1.5), with functions associated with lung development, airway epithelium differentiation, inflammation and cancer. After quitting smoking for 3 months, 12 out of the 34 miRNAs did not return to normal levels, with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway being the top identified enriched pathway of the target genes of the persistent dysregulated miRNAs. In the context that many of these persistent smoking-dependent miRNAs are associated with differentiation, inflammatory diseases or lung cancer, it is likely that persistent smoking-related changes in SAE miRNAs play a role in the subsequent development of these disorders.
Impact of APOE-epsilon 4 carriage on the onset and rates of neocortical A beta-amyloid deposition (2020)

Neocortical Aβ-amyloid deposition, one of the hallmark pathologic features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), begins decades prior to the presence of clinical symptoms. As clinical trials move to secondary and even primary prevention, understanding the rates of neocortical Aβ-amyloid deposition and the age at which Aβ-amyloid deposition becomes abnormal is crucial for optimizing the timing of these trials. As APOE-e4 carriage is thought to modulate the age of clinical onset, it is also important to understand the impact of APOE-e4 carriage on the age at which the neocortical Aβ-amyloid deposition becomes abnormal. Here, we show that, for 455 participants with over 3 years of follow-up, abnormal levels of neocortical Aβ-amyloid were reached on average at age 72 (66.5-77.1). The APOE-e4 carriers reached abnormal levels earlier at age 63 (59.6-70.3); however, noncarriers reached the threshold later at age 78 (76.1-84.4). No differences in the rates of deposition were observed between APOE-e4 carriers and noncarriers after abnormal Aβ-amyloid levels had been reached. These results suggest that primary and secondary prevention trials, looking to recruit at the earliest stages of disease, should target APOE-e4 carriers between the ages of 60 and 66 and noncarriers between the ages of 76 and 84.
Modern communications and spread spectrum (1985)

From the Publisher:
This state-of-the-art text is written for first year graduate level courses and provides an introduction to the basic principles of communication systems. The text also provides a comprehensive introduction to the new and rapidly growing area of spread spectrum communications. In addition,the text is a useful reference source for practicing engineers from which they can gain ready access to many of the analytical results available for the analysis of communications systems. Problems are provided at the end of each chapter and answers to a number of the problems are included at the end of the book.
Mechanical Properties of Trifunctional Epoxy Resin with Phosphazene Derivatives. (1994)

フェノール型硬化剤 [トリスフェノールPAR (TPPA) ] で硬化した三官能エポキシ樹脂 [TACTIX 742R (T742) ] は, T742の配合割合が化学量論的組成より多い場合, より高いガラス転移温度を示す. このT742/TPPA系は硬化反応に長時間 (230℃, 12h) を要するが, 硬化時間は, ホスファゼン誘導体; 1, 1-ジアミノ-3, 3, 5, 5-テトラ (パラクロロフェノキシ) シクロトリホスファゼン [ (PN) 3 (NH2) 2 (OC6H4Cl) 4] (ACPP) の添加により短縮できる (230℃, 2～3h). 3成分系; T742/TPPA/ACPPでは, ACPPの配合割合が少ないほど, 硬化樹脂はより高い破断強度, より高い伸度, およびより高い熱分解に対する抵抗を示す. そして, ACPPの配合割合とは無関係に, TPPAの配合割合が少ないほどガラス転移温度は高い. 以上の結果より, T742/TPPA/ACPPの最適配合割合は化学当量化で1/0.8/0.1または1/0.7/0.1であり, このとき, T742/TPPA系と比べて硬化時間は1/4～1/6に短縮され, 硬化物の力学的性質および耐熱性はよくバランスがとれたものとなる.
Pathology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2007)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are gaining increasing recognition as components of the emerging epidemic of obesity in North America and in other parts of the world. These entities are considered the hepatic manifestations of the insulin resistance syndrome and represent the spectra of fatty liver disease associated with it. All features of metabolic syndrome are associated with NAFLD/NASH, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in the form of elevated triglyceride levels. NAFLD/NASH can progress to liver cirrhosis and has been reported as a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, the histopathologic features of NAFLD/NASH and differential diagnostic considerations are discussed. In addition, grading and staging schema proposed and currently in use are reviewed. Finally, other aspects for consideration by practicing pathologists, such as sampling issues, histopathologic findings after therapeutic interventions, and recurrence after liver transplantation, are addressed.
Cuestionario de sistemas de incentivos para el desarrollo por objetivos (CSIDPO): Su proceso de elaboración y el análisis de relaciones (1992)

Este estudio se centro en la presentacion de un cuestionario para evaluar sistemas de incentivos para el desarrollo por objetivos, Su elaboracion se aborda desde una perspectiva de psicologia ecologica, tomando como referencia la propuesta de Katz y Kahn (1977) para definir sus dimensiones teoricas. El cuestionario completo consta de cuatro bloques de items aspectos introductorios, dimensiones, consecuencias y sugerencias. Nuestros resultados con N = 100 en una organizacion, evidencian que las condiciones teoricas de atractivo, justicia y objetividad se relacionan diferencialmente con la satisfaccion laboral, productividad y atribucion.
Micropatterning of Hydrogels on Locally Hydrophilized Regions on PDMS by Stepwise Solution Dipping and in Situ Gelation (2012)

This study presents a simple but highly versatile method of fabricating picoliter-volume hydrogel patterns on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates. Hydrophilic regions were prepared on hydrophobic PDMS plates by trapping and melting functional polymer particles and performing subsequent reactions with partially oxidized dextran. Small aliquots of a gelation solution were selectively trapped on the hydrophilic areas by a simple dipping process that was utilized to make thin hydrogel patterns by the in situ gelation of a sol solution. Using this process, we successfully formed calcium alginate, collagen I, and chitosan hydrogels with a thickness of several micrometers and shapes that followed the hydrophilized regions. In addition, alginate and collagen gel patterns were used to capture cells with different adhesion properties selectively on or off the hydrogel structures. The presented strategy could be applicable to the preparation of a variety of hydrogels for the development of functional biosensors, bioreactors, and cell cultivation platforms.
Dynamics of Transition to Enhanced Confinement in Reversed Magnetic Shear Discharges (1997)

A simple model of the transition to enhanced confinement in reversed shear discharges is presented. The proposed transition mechanism relies on a synergism between electric field shear suppression of turbulence aided by reduced curvature drive due to magnetic shear reversal or reduction. Profile structure and transport barrier propagation dynamics are predicted. A novel analytical theory for the time evolution of the barrier foot-point location is presented. The model predicts that the transition threshold has favorable dependence on pretransition temperature ratio $({T}_{i}{/T}_{e})$, in-out asymmetry in the $E\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}B$ shearing rate (i.e., lower for larger Shafranov shift), density profile peakedness, and unfavorable scaling with density. Optimal confinement occurs in discharges where deposition is peaked within the magnetic shear reversal radius.
Microbes as Intein Havens (2016)

Inteins are polypeptide escape artists, with an extraordinary ability to excise themselves from fully folded proteins without leaving a trace. Inteins are best described as protein introns, self-splicing elements that remove themselves posttranslationally from their host proteins. They occur in all three domains of life—archaea, bacteria, and single-celled eukaryotes (Fig. 1A). Even so, inteins are rarely discussed among microbiologists, but this relative silence is about to be broken.
Phylogenetic evidence for the classification of Acidothermus cellulolyticus into the subphylum of actinomycetes (1993)

The primary structure of the 16S rDNA of Acidothermus cellulolyticus, a cellulolytic, asporogenous rod isolated from a hot spring, was determined by automated sequence analysis. This Gram-variable organism is not related to members of other aerobic thermophilic genera found in similar environments, such as Thermus and Thermomicrobium, but clusters within the phylogenetically defined radiation of the actinomycetes where it represents an individual subline of descent.
Abstract 17629: Increased Gamma-glutamyltransferase Predicts All-cause Mortality Independently of Coronary Atherosclerosis (2016)

Introduction: Several studies have shown that increased gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level is associated with higher cardiovascular mortality. While mechanism for this association is still uncertain, GGT have been shown to be associated with coronary atherosclerosis estimated by coronary artery calcium score (CACS), which is also a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. It is not known whether increased GGT predicts mortality independently of CACS. Hypothesis: Increased GGT is associated with all-cause mortality after adjustment for CACS and other risk factors. Methods: From multicenter registry of health screening cohort, 78188 subjects were included in the final dataset for analysis who were without history of ischemic heart disease or stroke and had results of both coronary calcium scoring and GGT. All-cause mortality data were obtained from national mortality registry. Results: Mean age of study subjects was 51 ± 10 years. Proportion of female was 31 %, 32% was non-drinkers, 17 % had habit of d...
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Express Neural Genes, Suggesting a Neural Predisposition (2006)

Because of their unique attributes of plasticity and accessibility, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may find use for therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. Our previous studies of adult human MSCs demonstrated that these cells express an extensive assortment of neural genes at a low but clearly detectable level. Here, we report expression of 12 neural genes, 8 genes related to the neuro-dopaminergic system, and 11 transcription factors with neural significance by human MSCs. Our results suggest that, as opposed to cells that do not express neural genes, human MSCs are predisposed to differentiate to neuronal and glial lineages, given the proper conditions. Our findings add a new dimension in which to view adult stem cell plasticity, and may explain the relative ease with which MSCs, transplanted into the central nervous system (CNS) differentiate to a variety of functional neural cell types. Our results further promote the possibility that adult human MSCs are promising candidates for cell-based therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
A Raman spectroscopic and combined analytical approach to the restoration of severely damaged frescoes: the Palomino project (2008)

Abstract The deterioration of art objects is normally relatively minor, controllable and attributable to environmental changes or bacterial invasion, and until now there has not been any recorded attempt to analyse an artwork that has been deliberately and significantly destroyed. The analytical problems are correspondingly larger but the potential reward from any information that can be forthcoming is thereby proportionately greater. The 17th Century Palomino frescoes on the vaulted ceiling of the Church of Sant Joan del Mercat in Valencia were largely destroyed by insurgents in the Spanish Civil War in 1936. The ensuing gunfire and a series of seven conflagrations inside the church had a devastating effect upon the artwork, and the surviving areas were also rendered unstable with respect to their detachment from the substrate. During the current restoration project being undertaken on these frescoes, an opportunity was provided for the application of several analytical techniques to secure information about the original pigment palette employed, the technology of application used by Palomino and the changes consequent upon the destruction process. Here, we report for the first time the use of analytical Raman spectroscopy, supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and voltammetry of microparticles, for the combined identification of pigments, binders, substrate treatments and pigment alteration in an important, although badly damaged, wall painting for the informing of the ongoing conservation and restoration strategy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Two Unprecedented POM-Based Inorganic–Organic Hybrids with Concomitant Heteropolytungstate and Molybdate (2017)

Two novel POM-based inorganic-organic hybrids, [Cu<sub>6</sub><sup>II</sup>(2,2'-bipy)<sub>6</sub>(Mo<sub>6</sub>O<sub>22</sub>)(SiW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> (1), and {[Cu<sub>6</sub><sup>II</sup>(ppz)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)(SiW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>)]·4H<sub>2</sub>O}<sub>n</sub> (2) (2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine, Hppz = 3-(pyrid-2-yl)pyrazole), have been constructed from heteropolytungstates and molybdates. Two compounds have been identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and FT-IR. Compound 1 shows a 1D (one-dimensional) chain structure constructed from classical Keggin heteropolytungstate [SiW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>]<sup>4-</sup> clusters and [Cu<sub>6</sub>(2,2'-bipy)<sub>6</sub>] modified isopolymolybdates [Mo<sub>6</sub>O<sub>22</sub>]<sup>8-</sup>. Compound 2 also represents a 1D chain-like motif built from classical Keggin heteropolytungstate [SiW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>]<sup>4-</sup> clusters and [Cu<sub>8</sub>(ppz)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>] modified molybdates MoO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>. Compound 1 represents the first example of POM-based inorganic-organic hybrid with mixed heteropolytungstates and isopolymolybdates. ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry) technique was employed to reveal the species and their evolutions in the hydrothermal reaction, whereby trivacant [SiW<sub>9</sub>] building block gradually transforms to classical Keggin [SiW<sub>12</sub>] during assembly process. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic and magnetic properties were discussed in details.
Network Anomaly Detection Based on Projection Pursuit Regression (2011)

Network anomaly detection is an important issue in network security. Detecting network anomaly is a challenging because of the multivariate property of the collected data, the diversity of the causes and the complexity of the existing algorithms. However, traditional methods have some shortcomings, such as low real-time capability, great resource consumption, high false positive rate (FPR) and high false negative rate (FNR). Projection pursuit regression (PPR) is a widely used multivariate analysis method and can be exploited to mining structures in multivariate data set. Based on PPR, we propose a novel network anomaly detection approach, which combines regression learning of genetic algorithm (GA) and Projection Pursuit to eventually evaluate the anomaly results comprehensively. We verify the proposed approach on the 1999 DARPA data set, and network anomaly can be detected with higher detection rate (DR) and lower false positive rate, compared to the Phad method. Furthermore, our approach achieves good detection rate even for some specific kind of anomaly which is difficult to detect previously.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Reactions of 2‐(N‐Acylamino)‐1,3‐dienes. Atypical Regioselectivity and endo/exo Selectivity. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Preliminary experiment of supersonic micro-channel gas flow visualization by using Interferometer (2014)

In this study, a cooling device using supersonic flow inside a micro-channel has been evaluated. To confirm the density measurement and temperature estimation of the supersonic air flow inside a micro-channel, a preliminary experiment using an interferometer was conducted. A single micro-channel was fabricated in a small Si plate, which was made using Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technology. The channel size was approximately 200 μm in width, 500 μm in depth, and 6000 μm in length. The Deep Reactive-Ion-Etching (Deep-RIE) method was used for fabricating of the channel. A fabricated Si plate was sandwiched between glass plates. The density field of the supersonic/subsonic air flow near inlet and outlet were recorded as phase-shifted data using a phase-shifting interferometer. The pressure at the inlet, outlet, and inside the channel were set to 0.7 and 0.1 MPaA, respectively. The density field of the micro-channel air flow was evaluated despite the fringe number being less than one. This experimental result was compared with numerical simulation. From the comparison, the measured density field exhibited a good agreement with the numerical results, and the temperature field could be estimated. It was confirmed that this method was valid for the density measurement and the sophisticated visualization of the supersonic air flow inside a micro-channel.
Microwave Photonic Link Based on Coherent Detection Using Low-Cost Free-Running Laser Sources Incorporating Optical Independent Sideband and Optical Orthogonal Modulation for 4×4 MIMO (2017)

A microwave photonic link based on coherent detection using low-cost free-running laser sources incorporating optical independent sideband and optical orthogonal modulation with improved spectral efficiency for 4×4 MIMO is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.
Stable wavelength-swept light source designed for industrial applications using KTN beam-scanning technology (2017)

Using light-beam scanning technology based on a potassium tantalate niobate (KTa<sub>1-x</sub>Nb<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, KTN) single crystal, we constructed a wavelength-swept light source for industrial applications. The KTN crystal is placed in an external cavity as an electro-optic deflector for wavelength scanning without any mechanical operation. Cavity arrangement and mechanism elements are specially designed for long-term stability and environmental robustness. In addition, we updated the handling of the KTN crystal. We used a pair of thermistors for accurate temperature monitoring, and weakly irradiated the crystal with a 405-nm light during operation to achieve drift suppression. We selected a moderate repetition rate of 20 kHz to suit the practical application. The output of the light source was 6.2 mW in average power, 1314.5 nm in central wavelength, and 83.3 nm in bandwidth. The interference fringes of the light enable us to specify the thickness of a wafer sample by the peak positions of the point spread functions. We measured the thickness of a silicon wafer as 3651 &mu;m in the optical path length using a reference quartz plate. The distribution of the obtained values is about 0.1 &mu;m (standard deviation). We experimentally confirmed that this property persists continuously at least over 153 days. Our light source has a remarkable feature: extremely low timing jitter of the sweep. Thus, we can easily reduce the noise level by averaging several fringes, if necessary.
Brain glycogen supercompensation in the mouse after recovery from insulin‐induced hypoglycemia (2011)

Brain glycogen is proposed to function under both physiological and pathological conditions. Pharmacological elevation of this glucose polymer in brain is hypothesized to protect neurons against hypoglycemia-induced cell death. Elevation of brain glycogen levels due to prior hypoglycemia is postulated to contribute to the development of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) in insulin-treated diabetic patients. This latter mode of elevating glycogen levels is termed "supercompensation." We tested whether brain glycogen supercompensation occurs in healthy, conscious mice after recovery from insulin-induced acute or recurrent hypoglycemia. Blood glucose levels were lowered to less than 2.2 mmol/liter for 90 min by administration of insulin. Brain glucose levels decreased at least 80% and brain glycogen levels decreased approximately 50% after episodes of either acute or recurrent hypoglycemia. After these hypoglycemic episodes, mice were allowed access to food for 6 or 27 hr. After 6 hr, blood and brain glucose levels were restored but brain glycogen levels were elevated by 25% in mice that had been subjected to either acute or recurrent hypoglycemia compared with saline-treated controls. After a 27-hr recovery period, the concentration of brain glycogen had returned to baseline levels in mice previously subjected to either acute or recurrent hypoglycemia. We conclude that brain glycogen supercompensation occurs in healthy mice, but its functional significance remains to be established.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONCISE SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐TERT‐BUTYL 8‐O‐TERT‐BUTYLDIMETHYLSILYLNONACTATE (1982)

Abstract Das leicht zugängliche Tri‐O‐acetyl‐D‐ribonolacton (I) ergibt bei der Behandlung mit 1,8‐Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec‐7‐en (DBU) das Eliminierungsprodukt (II), das durch Hydrierung und Reduktion in das Halbacetal (III) und weiter in das Lacton (V) umgewandelt wird.