gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract A3: Mucinous ovarian tumors: Are they all the same? (2013)

Abstract Background: Mucinous adenocarcinomas (MC) comprise a distinct group of neoplasms that can arise in multiple organs, such as the ovary, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, but are relatively understudied. Mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC) are a distinct histological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, with late stage and high-grade MOC often resistant to standard platinum-based ovarian chemotherapeutic regimens. Controversy exists over whether high-grade MOC arise in the ovary or represent metastases from distant sites with secondary ovarian involvement. This study aims to determine if differences exist at the molecular level that distinguish low- and high-grade MOC, mucinous tumours of extra-ovarian origin (EOM) and primary MC from other sites, as this has significant implications for treatment strategies. Methods: We are identifying cases of low- and high-grade MOC from CART-WHEEL.org, the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study and national and international tissue banks. High-resolution molecular characterization of these cases using whole-exome sequencing, copy number arrays and RNAseq will be compared to similar data generated for mucinous cystadenomas and borderline ovarian tumours (the putative precursors to MOC), and cases of EOM, pseudomyxoma peritonei and primary MC from other sites. Results: Copy number analysis and mutation screening (KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, TP53, CDKN2A) of 22 cystadenomas, 22 borderline tumours and 31 MOC has identified activating RAS/RAF pathway mutations concurrent with CDKN2A loss by homozygous deletion, inactivating mutations and loss of heterozygosity as common to all mucinous ovarian tumours, while TP53 mutations were largely restricted to MOC. Exome sequencing of selected cases has revealed additional genes recurrently targeted by deleterious mutations. Conclusions: Preliminary findings demonstrate that the majority of MOC share genomic events with their putative precursors, supporting a cystadenoma-borderline-carcinoma progression for both low- and high-grade MOC. Intriguingly, exome sequencing suggests a significant overlap of mutated genes with mucinous tumours arising from other organ sites, although it remains to be seen whether gene expression analysis can distinguish site of origin for tumours with a mucinous histology. Citation Format: Ian Campbell, Sally Hunter, Wakefield Mathew, Yoland Antill, Susie Bae, Sumitra Ananda, Monique Topp, Lara Lipton, Winston Liauw, Thomas Jobling, Alex Boussioutas, Michael Christie, Prue Allan, Michael Friedlander Michael Friedlander, Stephen Fox, Anna Defazio, David Bowtell, Jan Pyman, Study Australian Ovarian Cancer, Clare Scott, Kylie Gorringe. Mucinous ovarian tumors: Are they all the same? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A3.
Dielectric related effects in micromachined electrostatic actuators (2003)

The paper discusses the advantages of using electrostatic actuation at the microscale and the issues associated with the use of narrow air gaps (hundreds of Angstroms to hundreds of microns), thin dielectric films (few thousands of Angstroms) and very high fields (over 2 MV/cm) in microdevices. The attention is focused on the touch-mode electrostatic actuators. Studies on the effect of the dielectric and electrode material, of the ambient humidity and gas, of the driving signal and the operating mode are reported. The failure modes are identified and some solutions are given. Electrostatic microactuators operating without failures for over 40 million cycles are reported. Areas of further study are identified. The paper serves as an invitation to the members of the DEI Society to join the efforts of the MEMS community in the study and development of micro-and meso-scale electrostatic actuators.
Modelling of multimode selenide-chalcogenide glass fibre based mir spontaneous emission sources (2017)

Chalcogenide glass fibres have been demonstrated as a suitable medium for the realisation of spontaneous emission sources for mid-infrared photonics applications with a particular emphasis on sensor technology. Such sources give a viable alternative to other solutions due to their potentially low cost, high reliability and robustness when pumped using commercially available semiconductor lasers. We present a comprehensive analysis of the properties of selenide-chalcogenide glass fibres applied as spontaneous emission sources. We extract the modelling parameters from measurements using in house fabricated bulk glass and fibre samples. We apply the well-established rate equations approach to determine the level populations, the distribution of the photon intensity within the fibre and the output power levels. We compare the modelling results with experiment.
RADIOLABELED ANTIBODY THERAPY OF RELAPSED B CELL LYMPHOMAS (1993)

Press, O. W.; Eary, J.; Badger, C.; Appelbaum, F.; Martin, P. J.; Wiseman, G.; Nelp, W.; Fisher, D.; Miller, R.; Porter, B.; Matthews, D.; Bernstein, I. Author Information
Forward-backward mode coupled unstable resonator. (1998)

We proposed a new unstable resonator, in which forward-mode and backward-mode coupled each other, for low gain large bore laser media such as COIL. The calculations showed that the new unstable resonator could be useful for COIL, which did not oscillate with the usual unstable resonators.
Silver processing in thick film technology for power electronics (2012)

Processing of Ag-equipped thick film modules is still challenging due to well-known issues of warpage of Ag-containing LTCC substrates or undesired coloring of Ag-surrounding ceramics. To increase the workability of Ag based thick film modules, enhanced control over these effects is necessary. From the experimental background as well as the chemical and thermodynamic nature of the element Ag, conclusions regarding essential properties during Ag-high temperature processing, like initial oxidation, transport via the vapor and glassy phase, and reduction are discussed. Taking into consideration a possible occurrences of this phenomenas as activated/deactivaed dependent on sintering conditions, explanation of unwanted maufacturing results like LTCC staining, warpage, glass thinning and setter memory effects are possible. From a technical standpoint, there are roughly two temperature ranges of relevance for processing silver metalized thick film structures. Between approximately 300 °C and 700 °C fast transport mechanisms of silver through the gaseous phase take place. Control can be achieved via governing the silver manufacturing, oxygen partial pressure, organic composition, powder conditioning and temperature-time schedule. Above approximately 600 °C, slower transport mechanisms of silver through the glassy phase and possible reduction of Ag(I) become evident. These effects originate corresponding impacts on the sintering kinetics. Here, control can be achieved via governing the glass composition, redox potential and, again, temperature-time schedule.
Chelating Phosphorus–An O, C, O‐Coordinating Pincer‐Type Ligand Coordinating PIII and PV Centres (2022)

The sequence of reactions of the phosphorus-containing aryllithium compound 5-t-Bu-1,3-[(P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> ]<sub>2</sub> C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> Li (ArLi) with Ph<sub>2</sub> PCl, KMnO<sub>4</sub> , elemental sulfur and elemental selenium, respectively, gave the aryldiphenylphosphane chalcogenides 5-t-Bu-1,3-[(P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> ]<sub>2</sub> C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> P(E)Ph<sub>2</sub> (1, E=O; 2, E=S; 3, E=Se). Compound 1 partially hydrolysed giving [5-t-Bu-1-{(P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> }-3-{(P(O)(OH)<sub>2</sub> }C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> ]P(O)Ph<sub>2</sub> (4). The reaction of ArLi with PhPCl<sub>2</sub> provided the benzoxaphosphaphosphole [1(P), 3(P)-P(O)(O-i-Pr)OPPh-6-t-Bu-4-P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> ]C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> P (5i) as a mixture of the two diastereomers. The oxidation of 5i with elemental sulfur gave the benzoxaphosphaphosphole sulfide [1(P), 3(P)-P(O)(O-i-Pr)OP(S)Ph-6-t-Bu-4-P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> ]C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> (5) as pair of enantiomers P1(R), P3(S)/P1(S), P3(R) of the diastereomer (RS/SR)-5 (5b). The aryldiphenylphosphane 5-t-Bu-1,3-[(P(O)(O-i-Pr)<sub>2</sub> ]<sub>2</sub> C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>2</sub> PPh<sub>2</sub> (6) was obtained from the reaction of the corresponding aryldiphenylphosphane sulfide 2 with either sodium hydride, NaH, or disodium iron tetracarbonyl, Na<sub>2</sub> Fe(CO)<sub>4</sub> . The oxidation of the aryldiphenylphosphane 6 with elemental iodine and subsequent hydrolysis yielded the aryldiphenyldioxaphosphorane 9-t-Bu-2,6-(OH)-4,4-Ph<sub>2</sub> -3,5-O<sub>2</sub> -2,6-P<sub>2</sub> -4λ<sup>5</sup> -P-[5.3.1.0]-undeca-1(10),7(11),8-triene (7). Both of its diastereomers, (RR/SS)-7 (7a) and (RS/SR)-7 (7b), were separated as their chloroform and i-propanol solvates, 7a⋅2CHCl<sub>3</sub> and 7b⋅i-PrOH, respectively. DFT calculations accompanied the experimental work.
Similar content of phospholipids and gangliosides in normal and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia fibroblasts. (1978)

The cellular content of total and individual phospholipids and gangliosides was measured in fibroblasts cultured from four normal subjects, three patients with lysosomal lipid storage diseases, and two subjects with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Measurements were made on cells grown in medium containing fetal calf serum under conditions in which normal cells derive cholesterol for cell growth from low density lipoprotein present in the fetal calf serum, whereas familial hypercholesterolemia homozygote cells, which lack cell surface low density lipoprotein receptors, derive cholesterol from endogenous synthesis. No difference was observed in the cellular content of total or individual phospholipids and gangliosides in the normal and familial hypercholesterolemia homozygote cells. In contrast, cells from a patient with Niemann-Pick disease and a patient with Sandhoff disease showed elevations in the content of sphingomyelin and complex gangliosides, respectively.
Foreword (2023)

Nowadays, the reduction in usage of conventional organic solvents in chemical processes is one of the major concerns in terms of green and sustainable development.This is mainly due to the high vapor pressure of conventional solvents resulting in potential risks such as low flash points, higher flammability and toxicity.Conventional volatile organic solvents are harmful to living organisms, and ozone layer destruction is also catalyzed by the vapors of chlorinated volatile solvents.Hence, nonconventional solvents with high recyclability and less volatility, toxicity and flammability are considered as a promising alternative to conventional organic solvents.These solvents have gained more attention in recent decades as a new generation of solvents with applications in various organic transformations, natural products isolation and drug design.Recently, the use of nonconventional solvents has increased significantly in pharmaceutical, chemical, cosmetics, paints and many other industries.However, certain scientific research revealed the risks related to nonconventional solvents which disprove the opinion that nonconventional solvents are fully harmless for the environment.Therefore, further study is highly required to redesign or modify the existing nonconventional solvents to make them more efficient and sustainable.Under this purview, I personally believe that this book, edited by Prof. Chhanda Mukhopadhyay and Dr. Bubun Banerjee, is going to be a valuable resource for the researchers working in the fascinating field of nonconventional solvents.This book has nine unique chapters that are focused on this crucial contemporary subject.Dr. Reddy and his research group described various triethylaminemediated synthesis of bioactive heterocycles in Chapter 1.In Chapter 2, Banerjee et al. summarized various organic transformations using nitromethane as solvent.In Chapter 3, Prof. Asish Ranjan Das and his group explored recent advances on tertbutyl hydroperoxide-mediated cross-coupling reactions.In Chapter 4, Prof. Kantharaju Kamanna and Yamanappagouda Amaregouda summarized applications of cyrene and ethyl lactate as bio-based solvents for various organic transformations.In Chapter 5, Animesh Mondal and Prof. Chhanda Mukhopadhyay established solid-phase platform as a nonconventional synthetic route for the synthesis of diversified heterocyclic and carbocyclic frameworks.Dr. Sasadhar Majhi and his group explored the role of nonconventional solvents in the isolation of natural products in Chapter 6.In Chapter 7, Nahid Ahmadi and Prof. Ali Ramazani discussed the utility of nonconventional solvents in drug design.
Reduction of Bromine Compounds in the Pyrolysis Oil of Computer Casing Plastics Using Shell, Ca(OH)2 and NaOH (2014)

The acrylonitrile butadiene styrene “ABS” resin is used in a variety of exterior and chassis electrical products, it have been contained brominated flame retardants to prevent fire accidients. If the resin (ABS) was thermally decomposed, the bromine compound was mixed in the pyrolysis oil. In this work, the fraction of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene “ABS” containing brominated flame retardants was pyrolyzed by using a reflux-condenser apparatus installation at 450 °C.And we used additives of sodium hydroxide “NaOH”, calcium hydroxide “Ca(OH)2” and scallop shell. The total bromine compounds in product oil could be reduced from 296 mg/L to 27 mg/L by NaOH.
Collective communication operations: experimental results vs. theory (1998)

Collective communication operations (CCOs) are one of the most powerful tools for parallel processing on distributed memory architectures. From the theoretical viewpoint there has been a major effort in the design of optimal algorithms for these operations, especially for massive parallel processors (MPPs). However, in spite of the increasing availability of MPPs, there are just a few limited experimental checks of the different theories, so the assessment of their real value is not easy. The aim of the present paper is to address such issues for the most common CCOs, considering practical algorithms that can be included in a generic communication library. The main result is a new algorithm for building a quasi-optimal broadcast tree that is much simpler than, and as efficient as, previously available algorithms. To investigate the advantages and drawbacks of the proposed algorithms, a large set of experimental data has been collected on an IBM SP2 parallel system. The data demonstrate the efficiency of our approach in a number of interesting cases. Finally, all the experimental results have been related to the model used in designing the algorithms. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subtractive libraries for prospecting differentially expressed genes in the soybean under water deficit (2012)

Soybean has a wide range of applications in the industry and, due to its crop potential, its improvement is widely desirable. During drought conditions, soybean crops suffer significant losses in productivity. Therefore, understanding the responses of the soybean under this stress is an effective way of targeting crop improvement techniques. In this study, we employed the Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) technique to investigate differentially expressed genes under water deficit conditions. Embrapa 48 and BR 16 soybean lines, known as drought-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively, were grown hydroponically and subjected to different short-term periods of stress by withholding the nutrient solution. Using this approach, we have identified genes expressed during the early response to water deficit in roots and leaves. These genes were compared among the lines to assess probable differences in the plant transcriptomes. In general, similar biochemical processes were predominant in both cultivars; however, there were more considerable differences between roots and leaves of Embrapa 48. Moreover, we present here a fast, clean and straightforward method to obtain drought-stressed root tissues and a large enriched collection of transcripts expressed by soybean plants under water deficit that can be useful for further studies towards the understanding of plant responses to stress.
Heterogeneous Reactions (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Arrangement of Reactors in Flow Synthesis Immobilization of the Reagent/Catalyst Flow Reactions with an Immobilized Stoichiometric Reagent Flow Synthesis with Immobilized Catalysts: Solid Acid Catalysts Flow Reaction with an Immobilized Catalyst: Transition Metal Catalysts Dispersed on Polymer Flow Reaction with an Immobilized Catalyst: Metal Catalysts Coordinated by a Polymer-Supported Ligand Organocatalysis in Flow Reactions Flow Biotransformation Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Enzymes Multistep Synthesis Conclusion References
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Catalysis with Chiral Phosphane/Phosphoramidite Ligands Derived from Quinoline (QUINAPHOS). (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Role of 123-Iobenguane Myocardial Scintigraphy in Predicting Short Term Left Ventricular Functional Recovery and Indication to ICD Implantation after Coronary Revascularization: A Work Hypothesis (2015)

AIM: 123I-Iobenguane myocardial scintigraphy (MIBG), which identifies sympathetic nervous system dysfunction, has been shown to be an effective predictor of sudden cardiac mortality in patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) and could be a useful instrument to early identify adverse clinical events. Methods: patients with CHF, a New York Heart Association classification (NYHA) of II or III and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35% were eligible for cardiac defibrillator (ICD) placement under current LVEF-based criteria in the guidelines. All patients listed for ICD underwent a MIBG before the implantation, in order to assess the prognostic value of an early cardiac MIBG to predict appropriate ICD indication. Results: 11 patients (100% males; age 65.1±8.9 years) with mean LVEF 29.1±4.9% entered the study. All patients had a coronary artery disease (CAD) treated by coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in six cases, by a percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in seven and both procedures in two patients. In all subjects the heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio was calculated &lt;1.6 (mean 1.27±0.13) and the mean wash-out rate (WR) was 4.88±3.80%. The LVEF improved at follow-up from 29.1±4.9% to 30.9±6.2% and in three patients proved to be &gt;35%. An ICD was implanted in six patients (54.5%). The sensitivity, specificity, postive and negative predictive value of an H/M ratio ≤ 1.25 at MIBG was calculated in 75%, 75%; 85,7%, 60%. Conclusion: MIBG might be a promising method for excluding a 3-month left ventricular functional recovery.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Traffic- and Channel-Aware OFDMA Resource Allocation (2019)

Efficient radio resource allocation is a fundamental optimization problem for wireless networks, and has been widely studied in the past. However, wireless systems are evolving to have a much larger parameter space along with richer set of applications and user requirements leading to significant increase in complexity. This paper draws from recent breakthroughs in applying deep reinforcement learning (RL) for control problems containing large state space dimensionality. In particular, a deep RL approach is explored for the problem of allocating time and frequency resources in OFDMA wireless systems to optimize different objective functions using per-station channel quality and traffic information as inputs. Such approaches hold the potential for agents to learn resource allocation and scheduling policies directly from experience rather than using carefully crafted heuristic algorithms based upon models of the environment and stations. Learning directly from experience also means that the policies that result from the online learning should be more robust to imperfect inputs such as noisy, delayed or missing information compared to model-based heuristic approaches. The results in this paper show promise for a deep RL agent using a policy gradient algorithm to learn policies that approach or exceed the performance of well-known model-based approaches such as max-weight and proportional fair policies. The online adaptation algorithms used for the deep RL agent also demonstrate reasonable adaptability and robustness to varying traffic conditions.
Joint velocity redistribution for fault tolerant manipulators (2010)

If the end-effector of a robotic manipulator moves on a specified trajectory, then for the fault tolerant operation, it is required that the end-effector continues the trajectory with a minimum velocity jump when a fault occurs within a joint. This problem is addressed in the paper. A way to tolerate the fault is to find new joint velocities for the faulty manipulator in which results into the same end-effector velocity provided by the healthy manipulator. The aim of this study is to find a strategy which optimally redistributes the joint velocities for the remained healthy joints of the manipulators. The optimality is defined by the minimum end-effector velocity jump. A solution of the problem is presented and it is applied to a robotics manipulator. Then through a case study and a simulation study it is validated. The paper shows that if would be possible the joint velocity redistribution results into a zero velocity jump.
Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and associated diseases (2004)

Adrenal corticosteroids, i.e. glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, play important physiological roles in humans. Their actions are mediated by intracellular receptor molecules, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which function as hormone-dependent transcription factors. Ligand-activated receptors modulate the transcription rates of responsive genes by interacting with responsive elements in the promoters of these genes or by influencing the activities of other transcription factors, via protein-protein interactions. Natural inactivating mutations of the GR or MR genes have been reported in humans with significant clinical phenotypes. The former causes sporadic or familial glucocorticoid resistance characterized by generalized partial insensitivity of tissues to glucocorticoids and subsequent activation of the hypothalamic/pituitary/adrenal axis with resultant hyperandrogenism in children and women and/or mineralocorticoid excess symptoms in both sexes. The latter develop pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1, i.e. hypotension and hyperkalaemic acidosis, as a result of reduced aldosterone actions in the kidney. An activating mutation in the MR gene causing early-onset, periodic hypertension was reported recently. The biological relevance of the GR and MR receptors was also addressed in mice whose GR or MR genes were inactivated or modified by gene targeting. The results were generally confirmatory of the concepts obtained by the human studies. Similarly, natural, compensated glucocorticoid and/or mineralocorticoid 'resistance' were described in several mammalian species, including non-human primates and rodents. Here we discuss the actions of GR and MR and the molecular defects of naturally occuring mutations in these receptors with associated pathophysiological changes.