gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amyloid‐β oligomers in cellular models of Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

Amyloid-β (Aβ) dysmetabolism is tightly associated with pathological processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, it is thought that, in addition to Aβ fibrils that give rise to plaque formation, Aβ aggregates into non-fibrillar soluble oligomers (AβOs). Soluble AβOs have been extensively studied for their synaptotoxic and neurotoxic properties. In this review, we discuss physicochemical properties of AβOs and their impact on different brain cell types in AD. Additionally, we summarize three decades of studies with AβOs, providing a compelling bulk of evidence regarding cell-specific mechanisms of toxicity. Cellular models may lead us to a deeper understanding of the detrimental effects of AβOs in neurons and glial cells, putatively shedding light on the development of innovative therapies for AD.
Appropriateness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (1997)

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss is an enigmatic condition of unknown cause. Although the treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss is controversial, the evaluation for a cause should not be. All patients are evaluated with a complete history, physical examination, audiologic examination, and blood draw to evaluate complete blood count, general chemistry screen, thyroid function test results, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbance. Magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium contrast is essential in the evaluation of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, even if there is a complete response to either treatment or no treatment. During the last year we treated 16 patients for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with our protocol of intravenous dextran/Hypaque or oral high-dose steroids. Fifteen patients were evaluated immediately before treatment with a magnetic resonance imaging scan. An additional patient had been treated successfully with high-dose steroids at an outside institution and came in for an evaluation. Of these 16 patients, 3 (18.75%) were found to have significant pathologic conditions on magnetic resonance imaging scan. The patient who had been treated successfully on the outside was noted to have a 5-mm intracanalicular acoustic neuroma, the second patient was found to have a multiple sclerosis lesion at the level of the superior olive, and the third patient, who had had a normal magnetic resonance imaging scan 18 months previously, was now found to have a large 4- to 5-cm meningioma in the cerebellopontine angle. We believe it is essential that all patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss be evaluated at some point during their treatment with a magnetic resonance imaging scan with gadolinium contrast.
Polymer Powder Treatment in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor (2014)

The surface activation of high-density polyethylene powder using a remote plasma process at atmospheric pressure is investigated. The developed circulating fluidized bed plasma reactor enables to carry fine-grained powder particles repetitively through the afterglow of 64 dielectric barrier discharges of argon with O2 and CO2 admixtures. The evolution of particle size distribution during conveying in the reactor is monitored by laser diffraction and reveals that only a small particle fraction is lost during the process. The contact angle of activated powder samples steadily decreases with increasing treatment time. The surface activation is most effective for O2 admixtures of 0.25 vol% and CO2 admixtures of above approximately 1 vol%, respectively.
The integrin αvβ6 drives pancreatic cancer through diverse mechanisms and represents an effective target for therapy (2019)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5-year survival rate of less than 4% and desperately needs novel effective therapeutics. Integrin αvβ6 has been linked with poor prognosis in cancer but its potential as a target in PDAC remains unclear. We report that transcriptional expression analysis revealed that high levels of β6 mRNA correlated strongly with significantly poorer survival (n = 491 cases, p = 3.17 × 10<sup>-8</sup> ). In two separate cohorts, we showed that over 80% of PDACs expressed αvβ6 protein and that paired metastases retained αvβ6 expression. In vitro, integrin αvβ6 promoted PDAC cell growth, survival, migration, and invasion. Treatment of both αvβ6-positive human PDAC xenografts and transgenic mice bearing αvβ6-positive PDAC with the αvβ6 blocking antibody 264RAD, combined with gemcitabine, significantly reduced tumour growth (p < 0.0001) and increased survival (log-rank test, p < 0.05). Antibody therapy was associated with suppression of tumour cell activity (suppression of pErk growth signals, increased apoptosis seen as activated caspase-3) and suppression of the pro-tumourigenic microenvironment (suppression of TGFβ signalling, fewer αSMA-positive myofibroblasts, decreased blood vessel density). These data show that αvβ6 promotes PDAC growth through both tumour cell and tumour microenvironment mechanisms and represents a valuable target for PDAC therapy. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Capacity analysis in CDMA distributed antenna systems (2005)

In this letter, the effect of maximal ratio combining (MRC)-based macrodiversity on the reverse-link and forward-link capacity in code division multiple access (CDMA)-distributed antenna systems is analyzed. The concept of virtual cell is illustrated, and the analytical outage probability expressions are derived. The present investigation shows that on the reverse link, the interference can be suppressed greatly with macrodiversity, which leads to a significant increase in capacity. However, on the forward-link, it is proven that if simulcasting is used in CDMA-distributed antenna systems, the forward-link capacity cannot increase with macrodiversity whatever power allocation scheme is adopted. Based on the analysis of the cause of capacity loss, a new transmission scheme is further presented and the optimal power allocation scheme is derived. It is shown that, in this case, the forward-link capacity increases rapidly with the number of involved distributed antennas.
Transient Exposure to Low Levels of Insecticide Affects Metabolic Networks of Honeybee Larvae (2013)

The survival of a species depends on its capacity to adjust to changing environmental conditions, and new stressors. Such new, anthropogenic stressors include the neonicotinoid class of crop-protecting agents, which have been implicated in the population declines of pollinating insects, including honeybees (Apis mellifera). The low-dose effects of these compounds on larval development and physiological responses have remained largely unknown. Over a period of 15 days, we provided syrup tainted with low levels (2 µg/L(-1)) of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid to beehives located in the field. We measured transcript levels by RNA sequencing and established lipid profiles using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry from worker-bee larvae of imidacloprid-exposed (IE) and unexposed, control (C) hives. Within a catalogue of 300 differentially expressed transcripts in larvae from IE hives, we detect significant enrichment of genes functioning in lipid-carbohydrate-mitochondrial metabolic networks. Myc-involved transcriptional response to exposure of this neonicotinoid is indicated by overrepresentation of E-box elements in the promoter regions of genes with altered expression. RNA levels for a cluster of genes encoding detoxifying P450 enzymes are elevated, with coordinated downregulation of genes in glycolytic and sugar-metabolising pathways. Expression of the environmentally responsive Hsp90 gene is also reduced, suggesting diminished buffering and stability of the developmental program. The multifaceted, physiological response described here may be of importance to our general understanding of pollinator health. Muscles, for instance, work at high glycolytic rates and flight performance could be impacted should low levels of this evolutionarily novel stressor likewise induce downregulation of energy metabolising genes in adult pollinators.
New switching control for synchronous rectifications in low-voltage paralleled converter system without voltage and current fluctuations (2004)

Synchronous rectifiers (SRs) used in paralleled converter system cause several problems such as surge voltage, inhalation current and return current. Normally, to avoid the problems, SR operation is stopped in light load. However, at the same time, voltage fluctuation occurs, which causes serious errors in semiconductor devices such as CPU and LSI operating with very low voltage. Moreover, unstable current fluctuation occurs due to the voltage fluctuation in the paralleled system with current-sharing control. This paper proposes new switching control methods for rectifiers to reduce the voltage and current fluctuations. Experimental results are shown to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Pixel-based reconstruction (PBR) promising simultaneous techniques for CT reconstructions (1993)

Algorithms belonging to the class of pixel-based reconstruction (PBR) algorithms, which are similar to simultaneous iterative reconstruction techniques (SIRTs) for reconstruction of objects from their fan beam projections in X-ray transmission tomography, are discussed. The general logic of these algorithms is discussed. Simulation studies indicate that, contrary to previous results with parallel beam projections, the iterative algebraic algorithms do not diverge when a more logical technique of obtaining the pseudoprojections is used. These simulations were carried out under conditions in which the number of object pixels exceeded (double) the number of detector pixel readings, i.e., the equations were highly underdetermined. The effect of the number of projections on the reconstruction and the convergence (empirical) to the exact solution is shown. For comparison, the reconstructions obtained by convolution backprojection are also given.
Assessing stakeholder evaluation concerns: An application to the Central Arizona water resources system (2009)

Abstract We present an approach for efficiently assessing stakeholder evaluation concerns in the first stage of problem structuring for decisions involving complex systems. We used a Web survey to assess the appropriateness of a set of evaluation concerns for evaluating Central Arizona water resources system policies and to gather information on stakeholder priorities. The resulting set of concerns brings a “decision focus” to the modeling efforts of the NSF‐funded Decision Center for a Desert City at Arizona State University. This problem structuring approach, the set of evaluation concerns, and the analysis of variations among stakeholder group priorities can serve as a starting point for other similar policy settings. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Effect of aging and caries on dentin permeability. (1992)

Extracted human teeth were collected from young (20-28 yrs) versus old (45-69 yrs) patients. The teeth were divided into carious and noncarious groups. Slabs were created from the mid-coronal occlusal dentin. Carious lesions were excavated and the smear layers on both normal and excavated carious dentin were removed with 37% phosphoric acid (1 min). The permeability (hydraulic conductance) of old normal dentin was only 20% of that obtained in young normal dentin but all of the specimens were permeable. Young carious dentin was only 14% as permeable as young normal dentin and only 1 out of 7 specimens was not permeable. All 7 specimens of old carious dentin were impermeable. Scanning electron microscopy of old and carious dentin exhibited far more intratubular crystals than normal dentin, providing a structural basis for the functional observation.
Screening of the arrestin gene in dogs afflicted with generalized progressive retinal atrophy (2002)

In several breeds, these polymorphisms were found in homozygous state in unaffected and in heterozygous state in affected animals. Consequently these informative substitutions provide evidence to exclude mutations in the SAG gene as causing retinal degeneration in 14 of the 23 dog breeds with presumed ar transmitted gPRA.
Limited Sampling Strategy to Predict AUC of the CYP3A Phenotyping Probe Midazolam in Adults: Application to Various Assay Techniques (2002)

Midazolam clearance is used to phenotype hepatic CYP3A activity but requires multiple plasma samples following a single intravenous dose. The authors evaluated the use of a limited sampling scheme, using different assay techniques to determine the reproducibility of such a strategy in estimating midazolam AUC. Seventy-three healthy adults received midazolam as a single intravenous bolus dose. At least eight plasma samples were collected from each subject and were assayed using either LC/MS/MS or electron capture gas chromatography. Eleven subjects were randomly selected for the training set using stepwise linear regression to determine relationships between midazolam plasma concentrations and AUC. Validation of the predictive equations was done using the remaining 62 subjects. Mean percent error (MPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE) were calculated to determine bias and precision. Based on the training set, five models were generated with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.87 to 0.95. Validation showed that MPE, MAE, and RMSE values were acceptable for three of the models. Intrasubject reproducibility was good. In addition, training set datafrom one institution were able to predict data from the other two institutions using other assay techniques. Minimized plasma sampling mayprovide a simpler method for estimating midazolam AUC for CYP3A phenotyping. A limited sampling strategy is more convenient and cost-effective than standard sampling strategies and is applicable to more than one assay technique.
Resectable Cholangiocarcinoma: Reviewing the Role of Adjuvant Strategies (2016)

Cholangiocarcinoma is a very heterogeneous and rare group of neoplasms originating from the perihilar, intra-, or extrahepatic bile duct epithelium. It represents only 3% of gastrointestinal cancers, although their incidence is increasing as its mortality increases. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative option, but unfortunately the resectability rate is low. Overall, these malignancies have got a very poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate of 5-10%. Although the five-year survival rate increases to 25-30% in the cases amenable to surgery, only 10-40% of patients present with resectable disease. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the benefit of adjuvant strategies after surgery to increase the rate of curability. This study reviewed the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable bile duct cancers.
Management of Anticoagulants before and after Endoscopy (2003)

The risk of procedure-related bleeding while taking anticoagulants needs to be weighed against the risk of thromboembolism from discontinuing these drugs. It is not necessary to adjust anticoagulation for low-risk procedures, such as upper endoscopy with biopsy, colonoscopy with biopsy or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stent insertion (but without sphincterotomy). Procedures that incur a high risk of bleeding include polypectomy, endoscopic sphincterotomy, laser therapy, mucosal ablation and treatment of varices. For these procedures, warfarin should be discontinued four to five days beforehand. Depending on the risk of thromboembolism, that is based on the nature of the underlying condition, the patient may require vitamin K and/or fresh frozen plasma (to ensure that coagulation parameters are within the normal range) or heparin infusions (to ensure that some degree of anticoagulation is maintained). Low molecular weight heparin is an alternative to unfractionated heparin for select cases with a high risk of thromboembolism. Warfarin therapy may generally be resumed on the night of the procedure and may be supplemented by heparin in patients with a high risk of thromboembolism. It is not necessary to discontinue acetylsalicylic acid or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, when used in standard doses, for endoscopic procedures. There are insufficient data to make recommendations regarding newer antiplatelet drugs, such as ticlopidine or clopidogrel, but it is prudent to discontinue these medications seven to 10 days before a high-risk procedure.
A Study on the Drug Resistance of SP Cells in Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line BGC-823 (2008)

To identify the side population(SP)cells in human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 and further study the chemotherapeutic drug resistance of SP cells to 5-fluorouracil.Cells are stained with Hoechst 33342 and Flow Cytometry is used to detect and sort SP cells.After treatment with 5-fluorouracil,changes in the proportion of SP cells are detected using the same method.The differences in drug resistance between SP and non-SP cells are tested by MTT assay.Results: BGC-823 cell line contains about 4% SP cells.The proportion of SP cells increases significantly after 5-fluorouracil treatment.The sorted SP cells don't have the proliferation advantage in vitro,while they demonstrate the tougher viability than non-SP ones when suffering with drug treatment.
Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus Versus Continuous Epidural Infusion for Labor Analgesia (2011)

Maintenance of epidural analgesia with PIEB compared with CEI resulted in a lower incidence of maternal motor block and instrumental vaginal delivery.
Characterization of some volatile potato components (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of some volatile potato componentsRon G. Buttery, Richard M. Seifert, and Louisa C. LingCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1970, 18, 3, 538–539Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60169a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60169a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views332Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A TP53 Related Immune Prognostic Model for the Prediction of Clinical Outcomes and Therapeutic Responses in Lung Adenocarcinoma (2022)

TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) is considered a vital factor that influences tumor progression and survival rate. The influence of TP53 mutation on TIM in LUAD has not been fully studied. Here we systematically investigated the relationship and potential mechanisms between TP53 mutation status and immune response in LUAD. We constructed an immune prognostic model (IPM) using immune associated genes, which were expressed differentially between the TP53 mutant and wild type LUAD patients. We discovered that TP53 mutations were significantly associated with 5 immune related biological processes. Thirty-six immune genes were expressed differentially between TP53 mutant and wild type LUAD patients. An IPM was constructed using 3 immune genes to differentiate the prognostic survival in LUAD. The high-risk LUAD group displayed significantly higher proportions of dendritic cell resting, T cell CD4 memory resting and mast cell resting, and significantly low proportions of dendritic cell activated, T cell CD4 memory activated, and mast cell activated. Moreover, IPM was found to be an independent clinical feature and can be used to predict immunotherapy responses. In summary, we constructed and validated an IPM using 3 immune related genes, which provides a better understanding of the mechanism from an immunological perspectives.
Toward Energy Autonomous Medical Implants (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Current and potential applications Conclusion Bibliography
Local circuit model of the subthalamo-pallidal network for the generation of parkinsonian oscillations (2014)

Parkinson’s disease is psychomotor dysfunctions caused by degeneration of nigral dopaminegic neurons. Increasing evidence suggests that abnormally synchronized oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia contributes to the expression of parkinsonian motor symptoms. Experimental works demonstrated that neurons in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the internal (GPi) and external segments of the globus pallidus (GPe) of dopamine-depleted animals exhibit enhanced oscillatory burst discharges in 8-15 Hz, and suggest that interactions between STN and GPe generate these pathological oscillations [1]. However, the biophysical and neuronal circuitry mechanisms for the generation of these abnormal oscillations by the dopamine depletion remain poorly understood. We addressed this problem by computer simulations of spiking neuron models of the local STN-GPe circuitries with the biophysical properties of neurons and synaptic connections [2-4]. These simulations revealed that the connection patterns between STN and GPe neurons, the high maximal conductance of GPe-to-STN synapses, a type of short-term plasticity at the glutamatergic synapses of GPe neurons, and the reduced baseline firing activity of GPe neurons were critical for generation of oscillatory burst discharges in 10-15 Hz. These latter two conditions were consistent with experimental evidence [4-6]. Characterization of the mechanisms underlying these oscillations suggest that a moderate level of STN post-inhibitory rebound excitation shapes the 10-15 Hz oscillatory bursts, and that strengthened GPe-STN connectivity and reduced autonomous firing of GPe neurons are critical for the induction of the STN rebound excitation. These results suggest that the physiological and structural changes in the local subthalamo-pallidal circuits caused by the dopamine depletion underlie the induction of the 10-15 Hz parkinsonian oscillations in the STN.