gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
G0500-6-2 One-dimensional analysis on the tracking performance of solid particle in cold spray (2010)

Thermal spraying is one of successful surface processing method that gives restoration of a new function on various mechanical components. The thermal spraying process accelerates the solid particle by a high temperature and a high velocity gas stream. After impacting on the surface of the substrates, the particles are formed into a coating. The present study is a gas-dynamic research on a cold spray, which is a cutting edge coating method. The cold spray process makes the solid particle impact on the substrate at a high velocity by the supersonic gas flow in the state of the solid phase to form a coating. It is experimentally clarified that the particle starts deposition on the substrate when particle velocity is exceeds a critical velocity. Therefore, it is important to clarify the tracking performance of solid particle to the gas velocity. In the present study, the tracking performance of solid particle to the gas velocity in the cold spray is clarified by the one-dimensional analysis.
Rapid thermal annealing of in situ phosphorus-doped polysilicon emitters (1992)

Rapid thermal annealing of in situ phosphorus-doped polysilicon emitter transistors in the temperature range 850–1000 °C greatly reduces the emitter resistance R E at the cost of a slight increase in hole back injection, seen as a decrease in emitter Gummel number G E . Annealing at 1000 °C for 5 s gives low emitter resistance (R E ≈ 100 Ω μm 2 ) while maintaining good suppression of back injection (G E ≥ 10 14 scm −4 ). Annealing at temperatures below 1000 °C fails to reduce R E sufficiently for use in high-speed devices.
AsS: Bulk inorganic molecular-based chalcogenide glass (2007)

The authors have developed a high pressure method to produce bulk chalcogenide glasses of a unique AsS composition. The structure, optical properties, and stability of the obtained glasses have been studied. Glasses have an intrinsic deep-red color, optical pseudogap Eg≈1.75eV, a broad Urbach absorption tail WU≈120meV, and high temperature stability up to 130°C. AsS glasses show photoinduced transformations, including photocrystallization. The glass structure is largely based on the quasimolecular As4S4 units with partial polymerization providing an example of an inorganic molecular-based glass.
Dehydrogenation reactions of 1‐substituted‐3‐aryltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives (1984)

Abstract The 1‐substituted‐3‐aryltetrahydroisoquinolines I have been converted into the corresponding 3,4‐dihydroor isoquinoline derivatives by treatment with several oxidizing agents: iodine in ethanol, palladium on carbon, DDQ and Fremy's salt. The oxidation reactions with iodine always resulted in the formation of the 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines II, whereas the use of palladium on carbon and the DDQ led to the aromatic isoquinolines. Both the 3,4‐dihydro‐ and the isoquinoline derivatives were obtained by means of Fremy's salt.
Fast Neutron Dosimetry and Spectrometry Using Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Detectors (2005)

Abstract Silicon carbide semiconductor neutron detectors have been irradiated with 252Cf fission neutrons, thermal-neutron induced fission neutrons from 235U, and 14-MeV neutrons from a deuterium-tritium neutron generator. In the latter case, reaction peaks corresponding to 12C(n, α)9Be and 28Si(n, α)25Mg reactions have been observed. Multiple reaction branches to the 25Mg ground state and several excited states are observed for the 28Si(n, α)25Mg reaction, and the detector energy calibration for these reactions can be derived from the peak positions. Although only the ground state branch is observed for the 12C(n, α)9Be reaction, the shift of the reaction energy with angle relative to the 14-MeV source can be used to derive an energy scale based on this reaction. These energy response measurements will form the basis for neutron spectrum unfolding methods for inferring incident neutron energy spectra from the resulting recoil-ion energy spectra in silicon carbide detectors.
Design of Low Noise 10 GHz divide by 16…511 Frequency Divider (2013)

In this paper design and simulation of a 10 GHz, divide‑by‑16…511 programmable frequency divider based on ETSPC and TSPC logic flip-flops in 65 nm CMOS are presented. Main blocks of the divider are three-stage dual modulus divide by 2/3 divider chain, 6-bit counter, jitter removal and synchronisation flip-flops. Extended True Single Phase Clock (ETSPC) logic is used for 2/3 dividers to achieve high input frequency and low power and TSPC logic is used for 6-bit counter. Simulation of the divider was made using Cadence software. Divider’s operation frequency is up to 10 GHz. Resulted phase noise is -143.7 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset from output frequency and power dissipation is 29.35 mW when input frequency is 10 GHz, division ratio is set to 23, supply voltage 1.2 V. The main application of such divider is as feedback divider in frequency synthesizer for wireless communication systems.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.19.6.4570
Reaktionen mit Cyclobutendionen, XX. Synthese und Reaktivität von p‐substituierten Phenylcyclobutendionen (1971)

Abstract Die Addition von Trifluorchloräthylen ( 2 ) an [ p ‐Nitro‐phenyl]‐acetylen ( 1a ) bzw. [ p ‐Methoxy‐phenyl]‐acetylen ( 1b ) liefert die Cyclobutene 3a , b , die beim Behandeln mit Schwefelsäure in die entsprechenden Cyclobutendione 4a , b übergehen. 4a , b werden hinsichtlich ihrer Reaktivität untersucht.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with acute respiratory failure on the ICU (2019)

<b>Introduction:</b> Differentiating ARDS from other forms of respiratory failure can be difficult. By advancing an optic fiber through a diagnostic bronchoscope, followed by an automatic pullback mechanism, OCT enables real-time 3D imaging of the alveolar compartment and peripheral airways. <b>Aim:</b> To investigate feasibility of bronchoscopic OCT, and to describe different OCT patterns of the alveolar compartment in mechanically ventilated patients. <b>Methods:</b> Observational study of OCT imaging in mechanically ventilated patients for non-resolving acute respiratory failure with an indication for diagnostic bronchoscopy. <b>Results:</b> 9 patients were included with clinical features of acute respiratory failure and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates not fully explained by cardiac failure (ARDS). Dominant CT patterns were ground glass(n=4), consolidation(n=3), reticulation(n=1), other(n=1). Total of 47 pullbacks were obtained without adverse events. Different patterns of the alveolar compartment (normal, alveolar filling, thickening of alveolar septae, loss of normal architecture of alveolar septae) were identified (Figure 1). <b>Conclusions:</b> This is the first study to show feasibility and safety of OCT imaging of alveolar compartment in mechanically ventilated patients. We identified different patterns, which could be helpful in the future to differentiate various causes of respiratory failure.
Efficacy of the addition of salicylic acid to clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide combination for acne vulgaris (2011)

Clindamycin phosphate (CDP), benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and salicylic acid (SA) are known to be effective acne therapy agents depending on their anti-inflammatory and comedolytic properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the addition of SA treatment to CDP and BPO (SA and CDP + BPO) and compare it with CDP + BPO in patients with mild to moderate facial acne vulgaris. Forty-nine patients were enrolled in a 12 week prospective, single-blind, randomized, comparative clinical study. Efficacy was assessed by lesion counts, global improvement, quality of life index and measurements of skin barrier functions. Local side effects were also evaluated. Both combinations were effective in reducing total lesion (TL), inflammatory lesion (IL) and non-inflammatory lesion (NIL) counts. There were statistically significant differences between treatment groups for reductions in NIL counts beyond 2 weeks, IL counts and TL counts throughout the all study weeks, and global improvement scores evaluated by patients and investigator at the end of the study in favor of SA and CDP + BPO treatment when compared to CDP + BPO treatment. Both combinations significantly decreased stratum corneum hydration, although skin sebum values decreased with SA and CDP + BPO treatment. These combinations were also well tolerated except significantly higher frequency of mild to moderate transient dryness in patients applied SA and CDP + BPO. The addition of SA to CDP + BPO treatment demonstrated significantly better and faster results in terms of reductions in acne lesion counts and well tolerated except for higher frequency of mild to moderate transient dryness.
Anomaly Detection for Insertion Tasks in Robotic Assembly Using Gaussian Process Models (2019)

Component insertion is a common task in robotic assembly, and is widely used for manufacturing a variety of electronic devices. This task is generally characterized by low tolerances, thus requiring high precision during assembly. An early detection of a fault in the mating during the insertion process enables quality control of the end products, as well as safeguards the robotic equipment. We propose to use Gaussian Process Regression-based methods to learn the force profile during successful insertions, as well as quantify permissible deviations from this profile. The GPR model is then used to detect anomalies in case the observed force profile deviates significantly from the expected range. Apart from the standard GPR formulation, we consider two other variants - the Heteroscedastic GPR and the local GPR for better modeling accuracy and computational time efficiency, respectively. We report an accuracy of 100% in differentiating between normal and faulty insertions. The modeling and detection results indicate that our approach is accurate and robust to severe uncertainties due to process (e.g., force drift) and measurement noise.
A descriptive analysis of an on-demand telehealth approach for remote COVID-19 patient screening (2020)

On-demand telehealth can serve as a low-barrier approach to screen patients for COVID-19. This approach can prevent patients from visiting healthcare facilities, which reduces physical contact and reduces healthcare worker use of personal protective equipment.
Effect of rib cage on the beam profiles of ultrasonic transducers (1980)

In multidimensional echo imaging of the heart, the anatomy and motion of the heart structures can be observed by placing the transducer over the intercostal window. The ultrasonic beam may be scattered, reflected or refracted from its path by the ribs and soft tissues between them. Since beam distortion is directly related to the loss of resolution in pulse-echo imaging systems, an investigation of the effects of these intervening tissues on the ultrasonic beam characteristics may be useful for establishing criteria for selecting suitable transducers in clinical scanning procedures. In order to address this problem, an automated system for rapid mapping of transducer field based on a microcomputer has been developed in our laboratory. In this paper, we will present the initital results on our investigation of the beam distortions produced by the rib cage in terms of 3-dimensional display of the intensity contours at various distances from the transducer. Also to be discussed is the effect of transducer angulation in relation to the breast plate on the transmitted ultrasonic beam.
An improved method for steel fiber reinforced concrete analysis (2012)

National and international structural design codes requires several final checks on the built structure. The aim is to verify that the structural characteristics of the building are compliance with the design. It is clear that for this purpose non-destructive testing methods are preferred. The authors have previously presented a method for the characterization of slabs made of steel fiber reinforced concrete. In this paper, an improvement of this technique will be proposed. The measurement system has been carefully optimized; the advantages in terms of better repeatability, lower sensitivity to temperature and better estimation of the power losses due to the steel fibers have been evaluated through a preliminary experimental activity. The setup has been also modified in order to accommodate cylindrical core samples obtained by drilling a SFRC structure. The experimental results are reported and discussed.
Hemilabile bonding of 1-oxa-4,7-dithiacyclononane in cyclometallated palladium(ii) complexes (2019)

The synthesis and characterization of a series of cyclometallated complexes of Pd(ii) incorporating the mixed donor ligand 1-oxa-4,7-dithiacyclononane ([9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O) are presented in this study. Complexes of the form [Pd(C^N)([9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O)](PF<sub>6</sub>) (C^N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) 1b, 4-(2-pyridyl)benzaldehyde (ppyCHO) 2b, 7,8-benzoquinoline (bzq) 3b, 2-benzothienylpyridine (btp) 4b, 2-phenylbenzothiazole (pbt) 5b), were obtained in high-yield from a simple two-step synthetic scheme. All of these complexes were fully characterized by NMR, ESI-MS, IR, combustion analyses, and most (1b, 2b, 4b, 5b) by X-ray crystallography. Solution <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR studies of [Pd(C^N)([9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O)](PF<sub>6</sub>) complexes demonstrate complicated [9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O behavior at room temperature. Variable temperature NMR reveals dynamic bonding of the [9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O ligand consistent with the presence of both endodentate and exodentate bonding modes. This is in stark contrast to the related [9]aneS<sub>3</sub> (1,4,7-trithiacyclononane) cogeners that demonstrate fluxional endodentate bonding only in solution. X-ray structures reveal only exodenate [9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O bonding in this series, unlike the related [9]aneS<sub>3</sub> complexes that show endodenate bonding with an axial PdS interaction. DFT calculations performed on endo and exo [9]aneS<sub>2</sub>O bonding forms of 4b, as well as a transition state calculation for interconversion, suggest reasonable access to both bonding forms based on the energy barrier. Natural bond order calculations provide further evidence for a weak axial PdO interaction in the endo form of 4b.
Properties of potassium hexafluoronickelates(III) and -(IV). Absorption spectra of nickel(III) and -(IV) in hydrogen fluoride solutions (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of potassium hexafluoronickelates(III) and -(IV). Absorption spectra of nickel(III) and -(IV) in hydrogen fluoride solutionsLawrence Stein, John M. Neil, and Gregory R. AlmsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1969, 8, 11, 2472–2476Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50081a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50081a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polymerizing Phostones: A Fast Way to In-Chain Poly(phosphonate)s with Adjustable Hydrophilicity (2018)

Phostones, i.e., 2-alkoxy-2-oxo-1,3-oxaphospholanes, are accessible in a one-pot reaction from commercially available 1,3-dibromopropane and alkyl phosphites. These 5-membered cyclic phosphonic acid esters are used for the preparation of linear poly(phosphonate)s via ring-opening polymerization resulting in polymers with a hydrolytically stable P–C bond in the polymer backbone. Phostones have the stable P–C bond within the cycle, which leads to a dramatic increase of the monomer stability toward hydrolysis and long shelf-lives compared to other cyclic phosphoesters, which hydrolyze immediately at contact with water. Two phostone monomers containing ethoxy or butoxy pendant chains were prepared in a single-step synthesis from inexpensive starting materials avoiding the usage of SOCl2 or POCl3. Polymers with ethoxy side chains are water-soluble without a lower critical solution temperature, nontoxic to murine macrophages, and hydrolytically degradable under basic conditions. The polymerization kinetics for different catalyst systems were evaluated for both monomers in order to identify optimal polymerization conditions, resulting in polyphosphonates with molecular weights between 3000 and 25 100 g/mol with reasonable molecular weight dispersities (<1.6). Because of the ease of synthesis and distinct different hydrolysis kinetics compared to side-chain polyphosphonates, we believe that these new polyphostones represent a valuable addition to water-soluble biopolymers for future biomedical applications.
Using shape distributions as priors in a curve evolution framework (2004)

We propose a novel framework for constructing and using a shape prior in a curve evolution framework. The prior shape information is captured through shape distributions, which are histograms of features derived from the shape boundary. The resulting prior captures perceptual shape similarity, is robust to small sample size, and is flexible. We further derive a curve evolution force that corresponds to this prior. This enables us to use this prior to perform tasks such as mean shape calculation and image segmentation within a curve evolution framework.
Simultaneous Bilateral Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty (2015)

Simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been performed successfully, with good outcomes and low complication rates reported. Most published studies on the topic used anterolateral or posterior surgical approaches. The anterior approach is performed under live fluoroscopy with the patient supine, obviating the need for patient repositioning during bilateral surgery. The authors report their experience with simultaneous bilateral anterior approach total hip arthroplasty. The authors retrospectively reviewed data for 75 patients (150 hips). Mean follow-up was 26 months (range, 5-60 months). Mean patient age was 59 years and the majority were American Society of Anesthesiology class 2 (range, 1-3). Mean total surgical time was 144 minutes (72 minutes per hip). Mean blood loss was 565 mL. Mean hospital length of stay was 2.75 days (range, 1-4 days). Ninety-six percent of patients were able to ambulate on postoperative day 1. Sixty-eight percent of patients were discharged to home. Mean Harris Hip Score improved from 50 to 97. All patients noted a return to preoperative level of activity or higher. Complications included 1 atraumatic minimally displaced trochanteric fracture occurring 2 weeks postoperatively, 1 pulmonary embolism on postoperative day 3 treated without sequelae, 1 episode of postoperative atrial fibrillation, and 4 minor local wound complications. No readmission, infection, nerve palsy, dislocation, reoperation, or death occurred. Anterior approach THA has the advantage of a single supine position for bilateral simultaneous surgery and the current study supports its use in appropriate patients.
Low Complexity Hybrid Precoding Strategies for Millimeter Wave Communication Systems (2016)

Millimeter communication systems use large antenna arrays to provide good average received power and to take advantage of multi-stream MIMO communication. Unfortunately, due to power consumption in the analog front-end, it is impractical to perform beamforming and fully digital precoding at baseband. Hybrid precoding/combining architectures have been proposed to overcome this limitation. The hybrid structure splits the MIMO processing between the digital and analog domains, while keeping the performance close to that of the fully digital solution. In this paper, we introduce and analyze several algorithms that efficiently design hybrid precoders and combiners starting from the known optimum digital precoder/combiner, which can be computed when perfect channel state information is available. We propose several low complexity solutions which provide different trade-offs between performance and complexity. We show that the proposed iterative solutions perform better in terms of spectral efficiency and/or are faster than previous methods in the literature. All of them provide designs which perform close to the known optimal digital solution. Finally, we study the effects of quantizing the analog component of the hybrid design and show that even with coarse quantization, the average rate performance is good.
Evidence for a two-step mechanism of gonadotropin-releasing hormone metabolism by prolyl endopeptidase and metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15 in ovine hypothalamic extracts. (1994)

The metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15 is believed to degrade gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2) by cleavage at the Tyr5-Gly6 bond. We compared the ability of crude and partially purified endopeptidase 24.15 from ovine hypothalamus with recombinant rat testicular endopeptidase 24.15 to degrade synthetic GnRH. Both soluble and membrane hypothalamic fractions degraded GnRH to GnRH1-5, with some production of GnRH1-9 and GnRH1-3. Generation of the smaller fragments was blocked by a specific endopeptidase 24.15 inhibitor (CFP-AAY-pAB), but production of GnRH1-9 was reciprocally enhanced, suggesting this peptide may be an intermediate generated by prolyl endopeptidase. Indeed, both bacitracin and Z-Pro-prolinal, inhibitors of this enzyme, markedly reduced GnRH degradation to any product. Degradation of synthetic GnRH1-9 was more rapid than that of GnRH and was inhibited by CFP-AAY-pAB but not bacitracin. Activity against either substrate was greater in the soluble fraction. Repeated washing of the membrane fraction followed by extraction with Triton X-114 suggested that both endopeptidase 24.15 and prolyl endopeptidase, although predominantly soluble, can be peripherally associated with membranes. When fractionated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, soluble endopeptidase 24.15 degraded GnRH only in fractions that also exhibited prolyl endopeptidase activity. In contrast, maximal degradation of GnRH1-9 was observed in adjacent fractions, which also contained the highest levels of immunoreactive endopeptidase 24.15. The affinity of recombinant endopeptidase 24.15 for GnRH was low (Km = 1.35 mM), was improved 10-15-fold by removal of the COOH-terminal amide or glycinamide (Km = 90 and 119 microM, respectively), and could be inhibited by CFP-AAY-pAB but not bacitracin. Taken together, these results suggest that GnRH metabolism in the hypothalamus may occur via a two-step process involving first removal of Gly10-NH2 by prolyl endopeptidase, followed by cleavage by endopeptidase 24.15 at the Tyr5-Gly6 bond.
Therapeutic dilemma (2000)

ARTICLE ABSTRACT: The concurrent use of anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals is a poorly studied area that poses a therapeutic dilemma for the clinician caring for HIV-positive patients requiring both classes of medications. Anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals may interact through multiple mechanisms including competition for protein binding, enhanced or reduced liver metabolism, and increased viral replication. The authors present many of the challenges faced by clinicians caring for HIV-positive patients who may require anticonvulsant therapy.