gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non‐destructive DC resistivity surveying using flat‐base electrodes (2007)

ABSTRACT The application of flat‐base electrodes to geoelectrical measurements is examined. This study is motivated by the inability to apply geoelectrical techniques in environments where conventional spike electrodes cannot be inserted into the ground. The performance of flat‐base electrodes is examined in various environments, using different measuring modes. It is shown that flat‐base electrodes can be satisfactorily used in most cases, producing data that are almost identical to the measurements obtained using standard electrodes. Several case studies in various urban locations in Greece, where flat‐base electrodes have been successfully employed, are also presented. The results indicate that flat‐base electrodes provide the advantage of a fully non‐destructive application and, therefore, the extension of geoelectrical methods to environments that, otherwise, would not have been considered suitable.
Component-based performance modeling of a storage area network (2005)

This work explores performance issues of system-level interactions by means of performance modeling. We focus on I/O performance in a storage area network (SAN), namely, the performance of I/O interactions of host servers and storage subsystems via the SAN fabric. We present a component-based simulation performance model, which supports a rich variety of both existing and future storage subsystems, allows for some basic network configurations, and addresses the major I/O aspects of the server operating system. The model's flexibility allows for easy parameter modifications, configuration adjustments, architecture manipulations, and experimentation. The experiments presented in this paper demonstrate some of the ways this model can be utilized, such as data placement, I/O manipulation, and the evaluation of execution alternatives, and shows the types of performance insights that may be gained.
Diverse Organisations (1990)

The diversity of the voluntary housing movement can in part be attributed to its historical development. Size, structure, functions and aims, however, in addition to legal status, all add to this diversity. This chapter explores several aspects of the movement commencing with the legal definition of what constitutes a housing association. It then examines the process of registration with the Housing Corporation and outlines the structures that registered housing associations may adopt. The small association, cooperative housing associations and self-build societies are then examined, leading to a general classification of associations.
Estimating weak ratiometric signals in imaging data II Meta-analysis with multiple, dual-channel datasets (2008)

Ratiometric fluorescent indicators are used for making quantitative measurements of a variety of physiological variables. Their utility is often limited by noise. This is the second in a series of papers describing statistical methods for denoising ratiometric data with the aim of obtaining improved quantitative estimates of variables of interest. Here, we outline a statistical optimization method that is designed for the analysis of ratiometric imaging data in which multiple measurements have been taken of systems responding to the same stimulation protocol. This method takes advantage of correlated information across multiple datasets for objectively detecting and estimating ratiometric signals. We demonstrate our method by showing results of its application on multiple, ratiometric calcium imaging experiments.
DiFFS: a Scalable Distributed File System (2001)

Industry analysts see no limits to the world’s expanding appetite for data-storage services. Emerging networking technologies allow incremental scaling of bandwidth and capacity of storage, which is attached to the network. A key challenge is to devise the software that provides transparent shared access to decentralized storage resources. Existing network file systems will not meet the scalability requirements of future storage services. This paper introduces DiFFS, a distributed file system designed for storage area networks. DiFFS achieves high scalability by following a partitioning approach to sharing storage resources. The architecture is robust against failures and unfavorable access patterns. It is independent of the physical file system(s) used for the placement of data; multiple file systems can co-exist in a DiFFS system.
Study of Corrosion Behavior and In Vitro Bioactivity of Single NbSi2 and Duplex NbSi2/Nb5Si3 Coatings on Nb Substrates for Biomedical Applications (2020)

Single NbSi2 and duplex NbSi2/Nb5Si3 coatings were successfully applied on Nb substrates using halide activated pack cementation (HAPC) method at 1100 and 1300°C, respectively. Duplex NbSi2/Nb5Si3 coating with Nb5Si3 inner barrier layer, higher thickness, and lesser micro-cracks considerably decreased the infiltration of simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. This deduction was pertained to the high corrosion potential and lowest corrosion current density for the NbSi2/Nb5Si3 coated Nb alloy in corrosive solution. The Nb5Si3 inner barrier layer can protect the Nb substrate from corrosive solution when it passes through from NbSi2 top layer. Moreover, higher charge transfer resistance (Rct), impedance modulus at a low-frequency ( $$\left| Z \right|$$ ) and phase angle were also observed for the duplex NbSi2/Nb5Si3 coated Nb alloy. On the other hand, in vitro bioactivity test indicated higher capability of apatite formation on the silicide coatings compared to uncoated Nb substrate in SBF solution. In fact, modification of chemical composition and surface morphology of Nb substrate surface can provide suitable nucleation sites for apatite formation and growth in SBF solution.
Development of a Fuzzy Relational-Based Predictive Controller (1998)

The most widely used feedback controller for continuous industrial processes is still the simple Proportional, Integral plus Derivative (PID) controller. However, the widespread availability of digital process control computers and the need to meet international competition in product quality and production efficiency has resulted in a significant increase in the use of more advanced discrete control algorithms. Included in these advanced techniques is fuzzy logic control, and in particular control through the use of fuzzy model-based predictive controllers [1], [9], [10], [19], [24].
Evidence for on–off control of heat dissipation from the tail of the rat (1982)

Anterior hypothalamic temperature, tail vasoactivity, and tail heat loss were observed in unanaesthetised rats resting at an ambient temperature that was varied between 25 and 35 degrees C between experiments, but was held constant within an experiment. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction at the tail were qualitatively detectable by the appearance and disappearance of temperature differences between the tail surface overlying the ventral arterial supply, and the lateral venous drainage. Vasodilation detected this way was an abrupt singular event (being either on or off), and preceded subsequent exponential changes in tail surface temperature and heat loss. Within the ambient temperature range of 29--33 degrees C, the following sequence occurred in a 20-min cycle, despite the noncycling constant environmental and metabolic heat loads: tail vasodilation - 0.2 to 0.4 degrees C fall in hypothalamic temperature - tail vasoconstriction - 0.2 to 0.4 degrees C rise in hypothalamic temperature. This behaviour, consistent with the limit-cyclic behaviour of some nonlinear controllers, as well as the abrupt two-state nature of vasoactivity at the rat tail, provides evidence that the mechanism can be described by an on-off control model. In addition, angiography suggests that vasoconstriction rather than countercurrent heat exchange provides the major barrier to core to tail heat flow during the "off" phase.
On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities (2018)

In the Internet of Things (IoT) vision, conventional devices become smart and autonomous. This vision is turning into a reality thanks to advances in technology, but there are still challenges to address, particularly in the security domain e.g., data reliability. Taking into account the predicted evolution of the IoT in the coming years, it is necessary to provide confidence in this huge incoming information source. Blockchain has emerged as a key technology that will transform the way in which we share information. Building trust in distributed environments without the need for authorities is a technological advance that has the potential to change many industries, the IoT among them. Disruptive technologies such as big data and cloud computing have been leveraged by IoT to overcome its limitations since its conception, and we think blockchain will be one of the next ones. This paper focuses on this relationship, investigates challenges in blockchain IoT applications, and surveys the most relevant work in order to analyze how blockchain could potentially improve the IoT.
UWB Frequency-Selective Surface Absorber Based on Graphene Featuring Wide-Angle Stability (2023)

In this paper, an ultra-wideband and polarization-insensitive frequency-selective surface absorber is presented with oblique incident stable behavior. Different from conventional absorbers, the absorption behavior is much less deteriorated with the increase in the incidence angle. Two hybrid resonators, which are realized by symmetrical graphene patterns, are employed to obtain the desired broadband and polarization-insensitive absorption performance. The optimal impedance-matching behavior is designed at the oblique incidence of electromagnetic waves, and an equivalent circuit model is used to analyze and facilitate the mechanism of the proposed absorber. The results indicate that the absorber can maintain a stable absorption performance with a fractional bandwidth (FWB) of 136.4% up to 40°. With these performances, the proposed UWB absorber could be more competitive in aerospace applications.
<title>Behavior of Sofradir detector dewar assembly under operational conditions</title> (1994)

Sofradir has built an infrared detector dewar assembly (DDA) capable of operating under various environmental conditions corresponding to various applications. In this paper it is shown that Sofradir DDA retain their performance for FLIR applications (ground vehicle, helicopter, or aircraft) as well as seeker applications. In particular, Sofradir DDAs permit the user to meet or to exceed the majority of environmental conditions defined in the US military standards such as MIL STD 81OD. Moreover, it has been shown from studies carried out at Sofradir that for components in production such as the 288 X 4 one, the reliability, thermal cycling, and operating and storage conditions are acceptable for this generation of components. Indeed, for instance, it has been demonstrated by test that the MTTF for standard operating conditions can be higher than 15,000 hours for the 288 X 4 focal plane array.
Implementation and validation of an aerosol collection model by a spray in a CFD code – Application to the scavenging of aerosols emitted during laser cutting operations of fuel debris for the dismantling of the damaged reactors of Fukushima Dai-ichi (2020)

International audience
Supplemental Figure 4 from AKT1<sup>low</sup> Quiescent Cancer Cells Promote Solid Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supp. Fig. 4. Senescent cells in tumors. Number of senescent cells (β-Gal+ cells) in different xenograft models. Error bars indicate mean {plus minus} SEM.&lt;/p&gt;
Scanner effects on directed self-assembly patterning (2014)

Directed self-assembly (DSA) of various polymers is a potential next-generation lithography component. Lithographers can use an ArF scanner to print guide structures with pitches accessible with current technology. The DSA materials, in a non-exposure step, perform pitch multiplication of 1-D and 2-D guide structures. While research has investigated defects inherent to the DSA material, ArF scanner effects have received little attention. This work uses DSA models and scanner models to assess requirements for ArF immersion scanners for DSA complimentary lithography.
Optimal Design of Integrated SMB-Crystallization Hybrid Separation Process Using a Binary Solvent (2016)

Hybrid separation processes combining simulated moving bed chromatography and crystallization have been known to reduce the capital cost for enantiomer separation, but past studies have been limited to systems of single-component pure solvent. In this study, a model-based design strategy using a binary solvent is presented. Separation of d- and l-phenylalanine in a mixture of methanol and water was employed as a case study. Experimental data for solid–liquid equilibrium as well as chromatographic separation were obtained at various compositions of the solvent mixture to model the process. The experimental data were used to model and optimize the design of the hybrid separation process. The trade-offs between the solubility, temperature, chromatographic separation, and eutectic compositions were analyzed using the model-based optimization approach. In a case study, it was found that the productivity can be increased by over 18% when the temperature is increased from 10 to 50 °C because of the lower eutectic purity.
Shot noise cross-correlation functions and cross spectra - Implications for models of QPO X-ray sources (1988)

The cross-correlation functions (CCFs) and cross spectra expected for quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) shot noise models are calculated under various assumptions, and the results are compared to observations. Effects due to possible coherence of the QPO oscillations are included. General formulas for the cross spectrum, the cross-phase spectrum, and the time-delay spectrum for QPO shot models are calculated and discussed. It is shown that the CCFs, cross spectra, and power spectra observed for Cyg X-e2 imply that the spectrum of the shots evolves with time, with important implications for the interpretation of these functions as well as of observed average energy spectra. The possible origins for the observed hard lags are discussed, and some physical difficulties for the Comptonization model are described. Classes of physical models for QPO sources are briefly addressed, and it is concluded that models involving shot formation at the surface of neutron stars are favored by observation.
Induction of lateral shoots in unpruned leaders of young sweet cherry trees (2008)

Lack of training of strong dominant leader in young sweet cherry trees of knipboom type may lead to malformation of tree canopy. The experiment was conducted using knip boom trees of sweet cherry cultivars 'Regina' and 'Schneiders' ('Schneiders Spate Knorpelkirche') on Mazzard rootstock. Unbranched tree leaders of approximately 90-120 cm long were treated as follows: 1. The lower one third to one half of the leader was covered with acrylic paint containing 5 g 1 -1 of BA + GA 4+7 at the time between bud swell and bud burst; 2. The upper one third of the leader was removed (tipping) and its reminder was treated with BA + GA 4+7 as in treatment 1; 3. Every third or forth bud on tree leader was removed with an apical bud left intact (disbudding). Intact, not treated trees served as a control. The trees of both cultivars responded similarly to applied treatments. Paint application of BA + GA 4+7 and also leader tipping followed by BA + GA 4+7 were most effective in inducing lateral shoots on tree leaders. In these cases shoot induction zone was limited to the chemical application zone. Disbudding had little effect on branching of unpruned sweet cherry tree leaders. Two years after the treatments no residual effects of employed procedures were noted.
LA UNIVERSIDAD HA SIDO PRODUCTORA DE INFORMACION DESDE LA EDAD MEDIA (1976)

EN EL AUDITORIO DE LA NUEVA UNIDAD DE INFORMACION Y BIBLIOTECAS EL DOCTOR EUGENE GARFIELD, ESPECIALISTA EN PRESIDENTE Y FUNDADOR DEL INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DE FILADELFIA, DICTO LA CONFERENCIA UNIVERSIDADES COMO PRODUCTORAS Y CONSUMIDORAS DE INFORMACION, EN LA CUAL ENFATIZO QUE DESDE LA EDAD MEDIA, LA UNIVERSIDAD HA SIDO PRODUCTORA DE INFORMACION. EXPLICO ADEMAS LA MANERA EN QUE LABORA EL INSTITUTO A SU CARGO. EL EVENTO FUE ORGANIZADO POR LAS COORDINACIONES DE LA INVESTIGACION CIENTIFICA Y HUMANISTICA Y EL CENTRO DE INFORMACION CIENTIFICA Y HUMANISTICA
Nondominant Hemisphere Lesions and Conversion Nonepileptic Seizures (2001)

To explore the hypothesis that lateralized hemispheric dysfunction may contribute to the development of conversion symptoms, the authors studied frequency of unilateral cerebral physiological or structural abnormalities in 79 consecutive patients with conversion nonepileptic seizures (C-NES), who were also compared with two groups of epilepsy patients without C-NES. Sixty (76%) of the C-NES patients had unilateral cerebral abnormalities on neuroimaging, of which 85% were structural. Ictal or interictal epileptiform abnormalities on EEG were found in 78% of C-NES patients and focal slowing in another 10%. Fifty (63%) of the C-NES patients had both structural and epileptiform abnormalities. Among the 60 with unilateral abnormalities, 43 (71%) had right hemisphere structural lesions or physiologic dysfunctions (C-NES>non-C-NES, P<0.02). This study supports prior studies and clinical observations that cerebral dysfunction can contribute to the pathogenesis of conversion disorder, and that nondominant hemisphere dysfunction may play a greater role.
Feature selection of time series based on reinforcement learning (2020)

Time series classification is an important and challenging problem in data mining. Different from other classification tasks, its dataset has a lot of useless dimensions, which leads to long training time and unsatisfactory accuracy. Therefore, it is very important to extract features from time series data sets. To solve this problem, this paper combines reinforcement learning method with traditional deep learning method to study how to automatically extract key features, and then proposes a method called feature selection via reinforcement learning (FSRL), which consists of three parts: Policy Network (PNET), subset optimization model and classification network (CNET). Among them, PNET adjusts the current state from the subset optimization model, CNET is classified by the final features obtained from the subset optimization model, and PNET obtains reward from the classification effect obtained by CNET, so as to guide the learning of strategies and further select the time series features related to tasks. The experimental results show that this method can not only ensure the accuracy of classification, but also identify the key features or task related features.
Dynamic angular velocity turning for extremum seeking control of a two-dimensional mobile robot with external disturbances (2019)

In this article, the extremum seeking control of a two-dimensional mobile robot with external disturbances is discussed by applying dynamic angular velocity turning method. First, the extremum seeking scheme is proposed to describe the trajectory of the two-dimensional robot and to achieve extreme value optimization through dynamic feedback. Secondly, the method of finite-time control and dynamic feedback is proposed to ensure that the dynamic angular velocity converges to the virtual controller within a finite time. Thirdly, the sliding mode disturbance observer is designed to guarantee that the observer converges to an unknown disturbance in finite time. Furthermore, we allow the averaging method and the results are applied in stability analysis. Finally, our control scheme is feasible by a series of simulations.
Male and Female Cervical Spine Biomechanics and Anatomy: Implication for Scaling Injury Criteria (2017)

There is an increased need to develop female-specific injury criteria and anthropomorphic test devices (dummies) for military and automotive environments, especially as women take occupational roles traditionally reserved for men. Although some exhaustive reviews on the biomechanics and injuries of the human spine have appeared in clinical and bioengineering literatures, focus has been largely ignored on the difference between male and female cervical spine responses and characteristics. Current neck injury criteria for automotive dummies for assessing crashworthiness and occupant safety are obtained from animal and human cadaver experiments, computational modeling, and human volunteer studies. They are also used in the military. Since the average human female spines are smaller than average male spines, metrics specific to the female population may be derived using simple geometric scaling, based on the assumption that male and female spines are geometrically scalable. However, as described in this technical brief, studies have shown that the biomechanical responses between males and females do not obey strict geometric similitude. Anatomical differences in terms of the structural component geometry are also different between the two cervical spines. Postural, physiological, and motion responses under automotive scenarios are also different. This technical brief, focused on such nonuniform differences, underscores the need to conduct female spine-specific evaluations/experiments to derive injury criteria for this important group of the population.
Supercontinuum generation in a photonic crystal fiber tapered to normal dispersion for all wavelengths (2005)

Supercontinuum generation is shown for the first time in a tapered triangular structure photonic crystal fiber with two closely spaced zero dispersion wavelengths where dispersion becomes normal for all guided wavelengths at a certain distance along the taper. The numerical calculation shows an increased bandwidth and a reduced depletion of the pump source when the photonic crystal fiber is tapered. We simulate the propagation of 15 femtosecond pulse with a peak power of 80 kW centered at 808 nm. Both fiber and pump source are commercially available and the improved light source can be used for measuring techniques such as optical coherence tomography and spectroscopy.
Roles of Circadian Rhythmicity and Sleep in Human Glucose Regulation (1997)

peer reviewed
Soft Self-Assembled Mechanoelectrical Transducer Films from Conductive Microgel Waterborne Dispersions (2023)

The present study aims in the developing of new soft transducers based on sophisticated stimuli-responsive microgels that exhibit spontaneous self-assembly forming cohesive films with conductive and mechanoelectrical properties. For that, oligo(ethylene glycol)-based stimuli-responsive microgels have been synthesized using bio-inspired catechol cross-linkers by one-step batch precipitation polymerization in aqueous media. Then, 3,4-ethylene dioxyyhiophene (EDOT) has been directly polymerized onto stimuli-responsive microgels using catechol groups as the unique dopant. PEDOT location is dependent on the cross-linking density of microgel particles and EDOT amount used. Moreover, the spontaneous cohesive film formation ability of the waterborne dispersion after evaporation at soft application temperature is demonstrated. The films obtained present conductivity and enhanced mechanoelectrical properties triggered by simple finger compression. Both properties are function of the cross-linking density of the microgel seed particles and PEDOT amount incorporated. In addition, to obtain maximum electrical potential generated and the possibility to amplify it, several films in series were demonstrated to be efficient. The present material can be a potential candidate for biomedical, cosmetic, and bioelectronic applications.