gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accelerating the Computation of Canonical Forms for 3D Nonrigid Objects using Multidimensional Scaling (2015)

The analysis of 3D nonrigid objects usually involves the need to deal with a large number of degrees of freedom. When trying to match two such objects, one approach is to map the surfaces into a domain in which the matching process is simple to execute. Limiting the discussion to almost isometric mappings, which describe most natural deformations in nature, one could resort to Canonical forms. Such forms translate the surface's intrinsic geometry into an extrinsic one in a Euclidean space, thus eliminating the effect of deformations at the expense of (hopefully) minor embedding errors. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) is a dimensionality reduction technique that can be used to compute canonical forms of 3D-objects, by first evaluating the pairwise geodesic distances between surface points, and then embedding the distances in a lower dimensional Euclidean space. The native computational and space complexities involved in describing such inter-geodesic distances is quadratic in the number of surface points, a property that could be prohibiting in various scenarios. We present an acceleration framework for multidimensional scaling, by accurately approximating the pairwise distance maps. We show how the proposed Nyström Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) framework can be used to compute canonical forms in quasi-linear time and linear space complexities in the number of data points. It allows us to efficiently deal with high resolution structures without giving up the embedding accuracy.
UV-B light contributes directly to the synthesis of chiloglottone floral volatiles (2015)

The sepals and petals of Chiloglottis orchids strongly block UV-B wavelengths of light, preventing chiloglottone production inside the bud. While initiation of chiloglottone biosynthesis requires only UV-B light, sustained chiloglottone biosynthesis requires both UV-B and de novo protein biosynthesis. The internal amounts of chiloglottone in a flower reflect the interplay between developmental stage, duration and intensity of UV-B exposure, de novo protein synthesis, and feedback loops linked to the starting amount of chiloglottone. It is concluded that UV-B light contributes directly to chiloglottone biosynthesis. These findings suggest an entirely new and unexpected biochemical reaction that might also occur in taxa other than these orchids.
Laser-based temperature pressure & species concentration measurements in combusting and non-combusting flows (2017)

The development of Laser Induced Thermal Grating Spectroscopy (LITGS) and Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM) techniques for measurements in combusting and non-combusting flows is presented. The two techniques are used simultaneously with nitric oxide (NO) as an absorbing species. Signals generated by degenerate and non-degenerate probes are studied for NO in N2 buffer gas up to 4 bar, using a pulsed laser system to excite the (0, 0)γ-bands of NO at 226.21 nm. Contributions to the signal from scattering off the coherent or population grating of DFWM are distinguished from the scattering off the thermal grating of LITGS. A systematic study of LITGS in NO is presented as a means of thermometry in air-fed combustion. LITGS signals from combustion-generated NO in a laminar, pre-mixed CH4/O2/N2 flame on an in-house constructed slot burner are used to derive temperature values as a function of O2 concentration and position in the flame at 1 bar and 2.5 bar total pressure. Temperature values, consistent with the calculated adiabatic flame temperature, are derived from averaged LITGS signals over 50-100 single shots at 10 Hz repetition rate in the range of 1600 K - 2400 K with a pressure-dependent uncertainty of ±1.8% at 1 bar to ±1.4% at 2.5 bar. Based on observed signal-to-noise ratios the minimum detectable concentration of NO in the flame is estimated to be 80 ppm for a 5 second measurement time at 10 Hz repetition rate. LITGS signal shape is used to simultaneously derive pressure and temperature. Pressures are found to match measured gauge pressure well at ambient conditions along the full range of pressures measured from 1 to 5 bar and an extension of the technique is discussed for use in a high pressure combustion environment.
SOFT TISSUE SARCOMAS: EVALUATION OF A NEW ASPIRATION-CYTOLOGY-SYSTEM (2009)

In several countries fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of soft tissue tumours is regarded as a standard procedure. However, various problems using FNA compared to core needle biopsy have been reported. Less cell amount, blood and other non tumour tissue aspirated and cells torn out of their environment lead to problems in histological diagnose. The aim of this study was to measure the number of cells harvested by two new needle systems (THYROSAMPLER®) in comparison with the conventional fine needle system (C-FNA). The innovation of the new system is aeration after aspiration by a valve, so that undesired aspiration of blood, debris, and cells from outside the tumour during withdrawal of the needle is minimized. In a blinded setting, 45 punctures from fresh pig thyroid glands were made and analysed – 15 for each needle (C-FNA, single-needle with air valve T-ONE and multi needle system with air valve T-THREE). The aspirated cell material was evacuated into 10ml cell-culture liquid and calculated according to the manufacturer’s recommendations for the CASY cell counter (CASY® technology, Reutlingen). With each system, 15 punctures each were aspirated and the cells counted. With the T-ONE System the amount of vital cells was 688%, the amount of total cells 521% higher then using the C-FNA system. With the T-THREE System the amount of vital cells was 901%, the amount of total cells 798% higher then using the C-FNA system. The mean difference between C-FNA and T-ONE was significant regarding total number of cells (p=0.030) as well as number of vital cells (p=0.032). The needle systems with the air-valve led to a significantly higher cell amount in needle aspiration biopsy. According to the requirement of cytological diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas more cell volume could be harvested, which is a well-defined benefit.
Dissociation and Activation of Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate-dependent and Guanosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate-dependent Protein Kinases by Cyclic Nucleotides and by Substrate Proteins (1973)

Abstract Two adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-dependent protein kinases, with sedimentation coefficients of 5.4 S (mol wt 84,000) and 7.7 S (mol wt 140,000), respectively, have been purified from bovine brain. Each enzyme migrated as a single band at three different pH values on polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The enzymes had similar properties. Catalytic subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases from bovine brain, and of cyclic AMP-dependent and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP)-dependent protein kinases from lobster muscle were prepared by means of Enzite CM-cellulose-protamine affinity chromatography, and their properties were studied. The catalytic subunits of the two bovine brain enzymes and of the lobster muscle cyclic GMP-dependent enzyme each had a sedimentation coefficient of 3.6 S (mol wt 40,000), whereas that of the lobster muscle cyclic AMP-dependent enzyme sedimented at 4.5 S (mol wt 60,000). These results agree with kinetic studies, indicating that cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases of arthropods have certain similarities to cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases of vertebrates. Histone and cyclic AMP caused the dissociation of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase from lobster muscle (5.7 S; mol wt 90,000) and those from bovine brain into subunits; histone and cyclic GMP caused the dissociation of the lobster muscle cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (7.7 S; mol wt 140,000) into subunits. The dissociation of the enzymes by histone was accompanied by a concomitant increase in cyclic nucleotide-independent activity. Iso-electric points of catalytic and regulatory subunits of the 7.7 S component of the brain enzyme were about pH 7.8 and 3.8, respectively. Addition of isolated regulatory subunit, derived from bovine brain cyclic AMP-dependent enzyme, inhibited the activity of catalytic subunits obtained from bovine brain enzymes. Interestingly, the regulatory subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent enzyme from mammalian brain also inhibited the activity of the catalytic subunit prepared from the lobster muscle cyclic GMP-dependent enzyme, converting it into a cyclic AMP-dependent form. Thus, an interaction between catalytic and regulatory subunits occurred, although the subunits were from different tissues, different phyla, and different classes (with respect to cyclic nucleotide specificity) of protein kinase.
Titanium Dioxide−Polymer Core–Shell Particles Dispersions as Electronic Inks for Electrophoretic Displays (2008)

The preparation of inorganic–organic core–shell particles is presented. These particles, composed of a titanium dioxide core and a polymer shell, are prepared via precipitation polymerization and inverse microsuspension polymerization. The electrical and optical properties of dispersions of these particles in a paraffin oil are measured in view of the formulation of electronic inks for electrophoretic displays. Encapsulation of TiO2 by precipitation polymerization is improved by pretreating the pigments with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, making it possible to prepare particles with a TiO2-to-polymer ratio varying over a wide range. This ratio has a considerable influence on the optical properties of the dispersion but also on the interactions between pigments and electrodes. The polymer shell can then be further functionalized by introducing acidic groups at the particle’s surface. Encapsulation of the TiO2 can also be achieved by inverse microsuspension polymerization of poly(sodium acrylate), allowing the introduction of the acidic groups in one step only. Finally, dispersions of TiO2−polymer particles in black dyed paraffin oil have successfully been applied in an A4-sized segmented electrophoretic display panel.
Deletions in the SV40 late polyadenylation region downstream of the AATAAA mediate similar effects on expression in various mammalian cell lines (1988)

A series of deletions in the SV40 late polyadenylation region was assayed by transient expression in a hamster fibroblast cell line. Because of differences in expression data between our results and the published results of another laboratory using a similar set of deletions introduced into a monkey kidney cell line, we studied our deletions in cells of different tissue-types and species (1). Deletion of the SV40 late polyadenylation region to 49 nucleotides downstream of the hexanucleotide AATAAA showed a small effect on gene expression, while further truncation of the region to 6 nucleotides downstream of the AATAAA showed an 85% drop in marker enzyme activity, protein levels and steady-state message levels. Another deletion in the same region, from base pair 10 to 15 past the AATAAA, which removes the wild-type site of RNA cleavage, showed a 50% drop in marker gene expression. The effects of these mutants on gene expression were similar in all of the cell lines tested and agree with other studies that DNA downstream of the AATAAA plays a role in efficient gene expression.
Supplementary Figures 1-6 from Whole-Genome and Epigenomic Landscapes of Etiologically Distinct Subtypes of Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Unsupervised Clustering on CCA samples. Supplementary Figure 2. Alterations Found in CCA Clusters. Supplementary Figure 3. MAP2K4 Homozygous Deletions and ERBB2 Amplifications. Supplementary Figure 4. Alterations Related to Structural Variations Found in CCAs. Supplementary Figure 5. FIREFLY Analysis of Pathways Systematically Dysregulated by Somatic Promoter Mutations that Alter Transcription Factor Binding. Supplementary Figure 6. Epigenetic Clusters and Mutation Signatures.&lt;/p&gt;
A Monte Carlo approach for maximum power estimation based on extreme value theory (2002)

A Monte Carlo approach for maximum power estimation in CMOS very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits is proposed. The approach is based on the largely unexploited area of statistics known as extreme value theory. Within this framework, it attempts to appropriately model the extreme behavior of the probability distribution of the peak instantaneous power drawn from the power supply bus, in order to yield a close estimate of its maximum possible value. The approach features a relatively small number of necessary input patterns that does not depend on the circuit size, user-specified accuracy, and confidence levels for the final estimate, simplicity in the algorithmic implementation, noniterative single-loop execution, highly accurate simulation-based operation, and easy integration within the design flow of CMOS VLSI circuits. Experimental results establish the above claims and demonstrate the overall efficiency of the proposed approach to address the problem of maximum power estimation.
Overexpression of AtABCG36 improves drought and salt stress resistance in Arabidopsis (2010)

Drought and salt are major abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop productivity. Thus, identification of factors that confer resistance to these stresses would pave way to increasing agricultural productivity. When grown on soil in green house longer than 5 weeks, transgenic Arabidopsis plants that overexpress an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, AtABCG36/AtPDR8, produced higher shoot biomass and less chlorotic leaves than the wild-type. We investigated whether the improved growth of AtABCG36-overexpressing plants was due to their improved resistance to abiotic stresses, and found that AtABCG36-overexpressing plants were more resistant to drought and salt stress and grew to higher shoot fresh weight (FW) than the wild-type. On the contrary, T-DNA insertional knockout lines were more sensitive to drought stress than wild-type and were reduced in shoot FW. To understand the mechanism of enhanced salt and drought resistance of the AtABCG36 overexpressing plants, we measured sodium contents and found that AtABCG36 overexpressing plants were lower in sodium content than the wild-type. Our data suggest that AtABCG36 contributes to drought and salt resistance in Arabidopsis by a mechanism that includes reduction of sodium content in plants.
Role of iron in Trypanosoma cruzi infection of mice. (1984)

The role of iron in experimental infection of mice with Trypanosoma cruzi was investigated. B6 mice had a transient parasitemia and a transient anemia, both of maximal intensity 28 d after the inoculation of T. cruzi. There was a biphasic hypoferremic host response to infection with T. cruzi with the peak hypoferremia also occurring 28 d after inoculation of the parasite. The mortality rate from infection was increased from 23% in phosphate-buffered saline-treated B6 mice to 50% in a group of B6 mice receiving iron-dextran (P less than or equal to 0.025), whereas depletion of iron stores with the iron chelator desferrioxamine B and an iron-deficient diet provided complete protection of B6 mice (P less than or equal to 0.05). The mortality rate in the highly susceptible C3H strain was reduced from 100% in the control group to 45% (P less than or equal to 0.025) in the iron-depleted group. The tissue iron stores were altered in mice receiving either iron-dextran or desferrioxamine B and an iron-deficient diet. In vitro, T. cruzi was shown to require both a heme and a nonheme iron source for an optimal growth rate. The effects of iron excess or depletion on the outcome of infection with T. cruzi correlated both with the growth requirements of the parasite for iron and with the availability of intracellular iron. Thus, it was suggested that the hypoferremic response, by sequestering iron within intracellular stores, potentially enhanced the pathogenicity of the intracellular parasites. Furthermore, the in vivo effects of iron excess and depletion correlated with an effect of iron on the growth rate and pathogenicity of the parasite.
Magnet-Retained Two-Mini-Implant Overdenture: Clinical and Mechanical Consideration (2016)

Two-implant overdentures have become the accepted treatment for restoring mandibular edentulism. The dimensions of regular implants sometimes limit their use, such as in the case of narrow ridges. Mini-implants with reduced diameters (less than 3.0 mm) enable insertion into narrow ridges. A magnet-retained two-mini-implant overdenture system was developed and is described in this paper. Additionally, we describe a clinical mandibular procedure using the system and evaluate its biomechanical performance.
Neuropeptide Y-mediated sex- and afferent-specific neurotransmissions contribute to sexual dimorphism of baroreflex afferent function (2016)

Sex- and afferent-specific expression of Neuropeptide-Y receptors in baroreflex afferent pathway may contribute to sexual-dimorphic neurocontrol of BP regulation.
Correlation Between Cellular Functions and Morphological Changes of Human Trophoblast in Vitro (1975)

Human malignant trophoblast cells in continuous culture were incubated for 3 days in medium containing 1 mM N 6 -O 2 '-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (dibutyryl cyclic AMP) and 1 mM theophylline. The culture fluid was replenished daily. Stimulated cultures secreted many times more chorionic gonadotropin and estrogens than did control cultures in the absence of increased cellular proliferation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed remarkable surface changes of stimulated cells. Control cells (not stimulated) were smooth or provided with varying numbers of microvilli (Fig. 1). The latter, usually, were short and thin. The surface features of stimulated cells were considerably different. There was marked increase of microvilli which appeared elongated and thick. Many cells were covered with confluent polypoid projections (Fig. 2). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated marked activity of cytoplasmic organelles. Mitochondria were increased in number and size; some giant forms with numerous cristae were observed.
PLATINUM-GROUP MINERALS FROM THE PALEOPROTEROZOIC CHROMITITE, OUTOKUMPU OPHIOLITE COMPLEX, EASTERN FINLAND (1999)

This paper describes the presence of platinum-group minerals in the Vasarakangas chromitite from the 1.97 Ga Outokumpu ophiolite complex in eastern Finland. The platinum-group mineral assemblages as well as the compositions of laurite, irarsite and orarsite, and also the chondrite-normalized platinumgroup element patterns are compatible with those described in younger Mesozoic ophiolitic chromitites. In contrast to these younger chromitites, where Irgroup minerals occur mainly as inclusions in chromite, the platinum-group minerals at Vasarakangas are principally found as enclosed minor grains in euhedral matrix gersdorffites. The PGE distribution between separated chromite and gersdorffite fractions is in accordance with the observed exceptional mode of PGM occurrence.
Optically Active Polyisocyanates. II (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptically Active Polyisocyanates. IIMurray Goodman and Shih-chung ChenCite this: Macromolecules 1971, 4, 5, 625–629Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60023a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60023a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determination of surface tension from the shape oscillations of an electromagnetically levitated droplet (1996)

In the fundamental (l=2) mode, the frequency spectrum of a magnetically levitated inviscid droplet exhibits three distinct peaks. If the modes that correspond to each of these peaks is known, the surface tension of the droplet may be calculated. In experiments that make use of this principle, there is no unambiguous method of assigning mode numbers to these peaks. The dynamics of the oscillating droplet depend on the magnetic pressure on the droplet surface. Consequently, the order of the peaks in the l=2 mode oscillations is determined by the magnetic pressure distribution. In this paper, the magnetic pressure distribution on the surface of the droplet is calculated as a function of the parameters that govern the external magnetic field. The frequencies of the droplet oscillation and its static shape deformation are also expressed in terms of these same parameters. The frequencies of oscillation are used to determine the surface tension of the liquid droplet. Finally, the magnetic pressure distribution on the droplet is shown to yield the well-known ‘‘pear-like’’ shape that is assumed by liquid metal droplets in a conical levitator.
The Gore-Tex anterior cruciate ligament prosthesis (1991)

A prospective clinical study of the results of prosthetic ligament replacement of the ACL with the Gore-Tex polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis was undertaken. Thirty-three (80%) of 41 patients were available at a minimum 36 month followup (mean, 48 months; range, 36 to 62). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed an 82% probability of survival of the polytetrafluoroethylene ligament at the 48 month followup. When compared to the same data at a minimum 24 month followup, the results appeared to have deteriorated somewhat over time. Three possible "predictors" of failure at later followup were identified: preoperative subjective symptoms of swelling, subjective symptoms of giving way at 2 years, and an increased anterior drawer sign at 2 years.
Characteristics of lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric thick films from a screen-printing laser transfer method (2005)

Microstructures and electrical properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thick films made by using a screen-printing laser transfer method have been studied. The PZT thick-film elements were first screen printed on a sapphire substrate and sintered at 1150to1250°C. Then they were bonded to a target substrate such as silicon and released from the sapphire by means of an excimer laser exposure from the backside of the sapphire substrate. This approach makes it possible to obtain highly densified films because there is less limitation on sintering conditions, and allows integrating patterned PZT thick films onto many kinds of substrates. The thick films have dielectric constants of 1397 to 1675, remnant polarization of 32to35μC∕cm2, a piezoelectric constant d31 of about −124pm∕V, and Young’s modulus Y11E(59.4GPa) of almost the same as the corresponding bulk ceramic.