gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Proof of a Theorem by Dolezal (1972)

Recently, Dolezal [1] stated a theorem: Suppose$\{ {\varphi _n } \}$is a sequence in$\mathcal{D}$converging to zero with respect to the weak topology generated on$\mathcal{D}$by the subspace of the distributions of finite order in$\mathcal{D}'$. Then, $\{ {\varphi _n } \} \to 0$, for the initial topology of$\mathcal{D}$. In this paper a proof of the theorem based on the theory of topological vector spaces is presented.
Impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on sleep (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in daily routines and lifestyle worldwide, and mental health issues have emerged as a consequence. We aimed to assess the presence of sleep disturbances during the lockdown in the general population. Cross-sectional, online survey-based study on adults living through the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographics and specific questions assessing the impact of the pandemic/lockdown on sleep, daytime functioning and mental health in the general population were included. Identification of sleep pattern changes, specific sleep-related symptoms, and sleep disturbances for predefined cohorts were recorded. 843 participants were included in the analysis. The majority were female (67.4%), middle aged (52 (40–63) years), white (92.2%) and overweight to obese (BMI 29.4 (24.1–35.5) kg/m<sup>2</sup>); 69.4% reported a change in their sleep pattern, less than half (44.7%) had refreshing sleep, and 45.6% were sleepier than before the lockdown; 33.9% had to self-isolate, 65.2% reported an impact on their mental health and 25.9% were drinking more alcohol during the lockdown. More frequently reported observations specific to sleep were ‘disrupted sleep’ (42.3%), ‘falling asleep unintentionally’ (35.2%), ‘difficulties falling’/’staying asleep’ (30.9% and 30.8%, respectively) and ‘later bedtimes’ (30.0%). An impact on mental health was strongly associated with sleep-related alterations. Sleep disturbances have affected a substantial proportion of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. These are significantly associated with a self-assessed impact on mental health, but may also be related to suspected COVID-19 status, changes in habits and self-isolation.
Biosynthesis and degradation of carnosine and turnover rate of its constituent amino acids in rats. (1980)

The biosynthesis and destruction of anserine and carnosine in the rat were investigated in vivo using radioactive β-alanine, histidine and methylhistidine. In the normal rat, the incorporation of 14C-histidine and 14C-β-alanine into carnosine was found to proceed at significant rates, but their incorporation into anserine was hardly detectable. Radioactive anserine arising from 3H-Nπ-methylhistidine was detected in gastrocnemius muscle of the rat pretreated with β-alanine. Neither anserine nor carnosine biosynthesis was found in liver, but was found in gastrocnemius muscle. At 8 hr after the administration of a single dose of 14C-histidine or 14C-β-alanine, the incorporation of radioactivity into carnosine attained a plateau, and then maintained the level for the investigated period. Incorporation of 14C-histidine into carnosine was increased about 2-fold when rats were injected in advance with f-alanine. The half-lives of histidine and β-alanine were 0.67 and 0.41 hr in liver, and 3.6 and 2.3 hr in gastrocnemius muscle, respectively. β-Alanine and histidine in rat gastrocnemius muscle disappeared at the rates of 39 and 29 nmol/wet tissue (g)/hr, respectively. The half-life of carnosine, as was determined from the decrease in carnosine contents in the gastrocnemius muscle of a rat fed a histidine-free diet, was 29 days. The rate constant of carnosine biosynthesis in rat gastrocnemius muscle was 0.321 μmol/DNA (mg)/day, that is, 0.286 μmol/wet tissue (g)/day.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Erythrose and 2‐Deoxyribose Synthons of the D and L Series from meso‐Tartaric Acid. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
HLA-G gene repression is reversed by demethylation (2003)

The HLA-G molecule plays an important role in immune tolerance, protecting the fetus from maternal immune attack, and probably contributes to graft tolerance and tumor escape from the host immune system. HLA-G expression is tightly regulated and involves mechanisms acting in part at the transcriptional level. Nevertheless, almost all regulatory sequences that govern constitutive and inducible HLA class I gene transcription are disrupted in the HLA-G gene promoter, suggesting an unusual regulatory process. In further investigating the molecular mechanisms of HLA-G gene activation, we evaluated the influence of epigenetic mechanisms on seven HLA-G-negative cell lines that exhibit various phenotypes. Exposure of cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors, or to the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, revealed that HLA-G gene transcription is inhibited by DNA methylation. Reversal of methylation-mediated repression may directly induce HLA-G cell-surface expression, supporting the idea that HLA-G might be activated by such a mechanism during malignancy, inflammation, and allogenic reactions.
ALIGNING ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE AND IT INVESTMENTS WITH CORPORATE GOALS (2002)

Model of a Specific Company's Architecture Concrete Model of a Company Application UML Class Model CORBA IDL Profile A Profile extends UML and provides a consistent way to generate code from a UML model J2EE/EJB Profile Concrete Model of a Company Application EJB code OMG UML Specification Enterprise Architecture Group Maintains Company Architecture Software Developers Create Specific Appliation Designs .NET Profile Concrete Model of a Company Application
Propagation of low frequency signals in oceanic environments; theory, simulation and experimentation (2011)

The excitation and propagation of extremely, super and ultra low frequency signals (ELF, SLF and ULF) in the range of 30 Hz to 3,000 Hz associated with ocean environments are of particular interest for applications dealing with deep-water communications or sub-surface emissions caused by power generation devices and lines. Due to the relatively long wave-lengths on the order of hundreds of meters or so in saltwater and the high-power nature of the sources, it is possible to detect these signals several kilometers from the source. In the current age in which sophisticated electromagnetic modeling tools have been developed for high frequency applications, the question has been asked whether these same tools can be applied to ELF, SLF and ULF applications (referred to as just ELF in subsequent discussions). In particular, we wish to ascertain the usefulness and robustness of the finite-difference, time-domain (FDTD) method, commercial codes (e.g. HFSS and Maxwell), and layered media modeling using Sommerfeld and quasi-electrostatic methods as applied to the ELF propagation problem. Each of these approaches has its strengths and weaknesses, as described in the ensuing sections.
Different Rates of Disease Progression of HIV Type 1 Infection in Tanzania Based on Infecting Subtype (2006)

We observed heterogeneity in the rates of disease progression of HIV-1 disease in infected persons, on the basis of the infecting subtype. Subtype D was associated with the most rapid progression of the disease, relative to the other 3 categories of viruses in our cohort.
Tat-malate dehydrogenase fusion protein protects neurons from oxidative and ischemic damage by reduction of reactive oxygen species and modulation of glutathione redox system (2023)

Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) plays an important role in the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate during the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In this study, we examined the role of cytoplasmic MDH (MDH1) in hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells and ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampus. The Tat-MDH1 fusion protein was constructed to enable the delivery of MDH1 into the intracellular space and penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Tat-MDH1, but not MDH1 control protein, showed significant cellular delivery in HT22 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and gradual intracellular degradation in HT22 cells. Treatment with 4 μM Tat-MDH1 significantly ameliorated 200 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced cell death, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species formation in HT22 cells. Transient increases in MDH1 immunoreactivity were detected in the hippocampal CA1 region 6-12 h after ischemia, but MDH1 activity significantly decreased 2 days after ischemia. Supplementation of Tat-MDH1 immediately after ischemia alleviated ischemia-induced hyperlocomotion and neuronal damage 1 and 4 days after ischemia. In addition, treatment with Tat-MDH1 significantly ameliorated the increases in hydroperoxides, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species 2 days after ischemia. Tat-MDH1 treatment maintained the redox status of the glutathione system in the hippocampus 2 days after ischemia. These results suggest that Tat-MDH1 exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and maintaining glutathione redox system in the hippocampus.
Mechanisms of Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (2011)

For the last decade, a variant of pulsed laser ablation, Resonant-Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (RIR-MAPLE), has been studied as a deposition technique for organic and polymeric materials. RIR-MAPLE minimizes photochemical damage from direct interaction with the intense laser beam by encapsulating the polymer in a high infrared-absorption solvent matrix. This review critically examines the thermally-induced ablation mechanisms resulting from irradiation of cryogenic solvent matrices by a tunable free electron laser (FEL). A semi-empirical model is used to calculate temperatures as a function of time in the focal volume and determine heating rates for different resonant modes in two model solvents, based on the thermodynamics and kinetics of the phase transitions induced in the solvent matrices. Three principal ablation mechanisms are discussed, namely normal vaporization at the surface, normal boiling, and phase explosion. Normal vaporization is a highly inefficient polymer deposition mechanism as it relies on collective collisions with evaporating solvent molecules. Diffusion length calculations for heterogeneously nucleated vapor bubbles show that normal boiling is kinetically limited. During high-power pulsed-FEL irradiation, phase explosion is shown to be the most significant contribution to polymer deposition in RIR-MAPLE. Phase explosion occurs when the target is rapidly heated (108 to 1010 K/s) and the solvent matrix approaches its critical temperature. Spontaneous density stratification (spinodal decay) within the condensed metastable phase leads to rapid homogeneous nucleation of vapor bubbles. As these vapor bubbles interconnect, large pressures build up within the condensed phase, leading to target explosions and recoil-induced ejections of polymer to a near substrate. Phase explosion is a temperature (fluence) threshold-limited process, while surface evaporation can occur even at very low fluences.
Privacy-Preserving Aggregation of Time-Series Data with Public Verifiability from Simple Assumptions. (2017)

Aggregator oblivious encryption was proposed by Shi et al. (NDSS 2011), where an aggregator can compute an aggregated sum of data and is unable to learn anything else (aggregator obliviousness). Since the aggregator does not learn individual data that may reveal users’ habits and behaviors, several applications, such as privacy-preserving smart metering, have been considered. In this paper, we propose aggregator oblivious encryption schemes with public verifiability where the aggregator is required to generate a proof of an aggregated sum and anyone can verify whether the aggregated sum has been correctly computed by the aggregator. Though Leontiadis et al. (CANS 2015) considered the verifiability, their scheme requires an interactive complexity assumption to provide the unforgeability of the proof. Our schemes are proven to be unforgeable under a static and simple assumption (a variant of the Computational Diffie-Hellman assumption). Moreover, our schemes inherit the tightness of the reduction of the Benhamouda et al. scheme (ACM TISSEC 2016) for proving aggregator obliviousness. This tight reduction allows us to employ elliptic curves of a smaller order and leads to efficient implementation.
Sensorless direct torque control of a fractional-slot concentrated winding interior permanent magnet synchronous machine using extended rotor flux model (2012)

This paper presents the sensorless direct torque control based on the extended rotor flux concept of a fractional-slot concentrated winding Interior Permanent Magnet (FSCW IPM) Synchronous Machine. Application of the concentrated winding to IPM machine is gaining attention from research community because of its advantages such as high-power density, high efficiency and wider flux-weakening capability. Sensorless direct torque control of such a machine is important for its application in high performance drive systems. In this paper, the sensorless direct torque control scheme that uses an extended rotor flux model was applied to a prototype FSCW IPM machine. By using extended rotor flux model, the flux and rotor positions can be obtained without any speed adaptation. The speed adaptation is not required because the model uses both the rotating and stationary reference frames simultaneously. Thus, unlike speed adaptive observers, the extended rotor flux observer is immune to speed estimation errors. Because of this, the extended rotor flux models can provide significantly improved performance at very low speed. The experiment results, presented in this paper, will confirm the effectiveness of the method in a FSCW IPM synchronous machine.
SP419ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GLOMERULAR CLASS AND RENAL PROGNOSIS IN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY (2018)

RESULTS: 523 patients included 391 men(74.8%), mean age 62612 years, mean serum creatinine 2.762.2mg / dl, glycosylated hemoglobin 761.7% and proteinuria 3.2 (1.5-6) gr/24h. In the renal biopsy, 36% had DN, 53% NDN and 11% DN and NDN. 35.2% (n184) of patients needed RRT, of them47.3% presented DN, 38.6% NDN and 14.1% ND and NDN. One patient from the DN group and two patients from the NDN group initiated RRT before the renal biopsy. The overall mortality of the studied patients was 18.7% (n98), of them 42% presented DN, 46% NDN and 12% DN and NDN. We performed the analysis of renal survival and prognosis using the Kaplan-Meier curves: We observed that patients with ND or ND NDN presented worse renal prognosis than NDN patients(p<0.001). We did not observe differences between the three groups when we analyzed patient survival.(see figure). In the multivariate analysis of Cox adjusting by variable sex, age, renal function, glycosylated hemoglobin, proteinuria, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vasculopathy and treatment with RAASB, DN is a risk factor for RRT(see table ). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics with renal biopsy, patients with DN have worse renal prognosis. The histological diagnosis of renal involvement in the diabetic can facilitate an effective treatment and an improvement in the renal prognosis.
Efficient distribution of Triggered Synchronous Block Diagrams on asynchronous platforms (2015)

As the complexity of embedded systems rapidly increases in terms of both scale and functionality, there has been a strong interest in design languages and methodologies that facilitate the use of formal methods. These languages and methodologies are mostly based on a synchronous paradigm that, while satisfies the need for formalization, often results in an inefficient implementation requiring substantial overhead when compared to approaches that do not enforce synchronicity on the execution platform. Therefore, the interest is high for techniques that on one hand, maintain the formal properties of synchronous models, and on the other hand, enable the use of asynchronous and distributed execution platforms with little overhead. In this paper, we propose an approach for efficient distribution of Triggered Synchronous Block Diagrams (SBDs) on asynchronous platforms while preserving the correct semantics. Compared to previous work that utilizes trigger elimination, our approach aims to reduce the unnecessary communication overhead and thus improve the efficiency of the implementation. We consider both general Triggered SBDs where the values of triggers are dynamically computed, as well as Timed SBDs where triggers are statically known and usually specified by (period, initial phase) pairs.
Multifunctional Helicene‐Based Ytterbium Coordination Polymer Displaying Circularly Polarized Luminescence, Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Room Temperature Magneto‐Chiral Dichroism** (2022)

Abstract The combination of physical properties sensitive to molecular chirality in a single system allows the observation of fascinating phenomena such as magneto‐chiral dichroism (MChD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) having potential applications for optical data readout and display technology. Homochiral monodimensional coordination polymers of Yb III were designed from a 2,15‐bis‐ethynyl‐hexahelicenic scaffold decorated with two terminal 4‐pyridyl units. Thanks to the coordination of the chiral organic chromophore to Yb(hfac) 3 units (hfac − =1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylaconate), efficient NIR‐CPL activity is observed. Moreover, the specific crystal field around the Yb III induces a strong magnetic anisotropy which leads to a single‐molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour and a remarkable room temperature MChD. The MChD‐structural correlation is supported by computational investigations.
Son: Die-Cast Copper Motor Rotors: Motor test Results, Copper Compared to Aluminum; Trans (2010)

Motor manufacturers have long realized that because the electrical conductivity of copper is nearly 60 % higher than that of aluminum, substituting copper for aluminum in the squirrel cage of the induction motor would markedly increase the electrical energy efficiency of the machine. Most motors larger than about 200 kW
Practical Method to Understand the Effect of Aggregate Drying on the Moisture Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt (2011)

The drying of aggregates is a critical step in obtaining moisture-free hotmix asphalt (HMA). The drying depends on many factors, which include the absorption and the moisture content of the aggregates as well as the drying temperature and time. The effect of drying of the aggregates on the moisture content of the resultant HMA needs to be understood so that adequate drying can be carried out for mixes, such as warm-mix asphalt (WMA), which are produced at lower than conventional temperatures. The objectives of this study were (a) to develop a laboratory method to produce HMA samples with various moisture contents that mimic insufficient drying of aggregates in a drum mixer and (b) to develop a nondestructive laboratory testing procedure to determine moisture content of compacted HMA samples. Aggregates with relatively high and low absorption rates were selected. A practical method was developed to mimic the retention of aggregate moisture in HMA in the laboratory. Good correlation was obtained between drying time and moisture-content loss for the aggregates of high and low water absorption. An experiment with heat transfer and a simulation with a finite element method confirmed the presence of moisture and its significant effect on the thermal conductivity of the mixes, which provided a nondestructive approach to determine moisture content of compacted HMA samples.
A drift kinetic model for the expander region of a magnetic mirror (2021)

We present a drift kinetic model for the free expansion of a thermal plasma out of a magnetic nozzle. This problem relates to plasma space propulsion systems, natural environments such as the solar wind, and end losses from the expander region of mirror magnetically confined fusion concepts such as the gas dynamic trap. The model incorporates trapped and passing orbit types encountered in the mirror expander geometry and maps to an upstream thermal distribution. This boundary condition and quasineutrality require the generation of an ambipolar potential drop of ∼5Te/e, forming a thermal barrier for the electrons. The model for the electron and ion velocity distributions and fluid moments is confirmed with data from a fully kinetic simulation. Finally, the model is extended to account for a population of fast sloshing ions arising from neutral beam heating within a magnetic mirror, again resulting in good agreement with a corresponding kinetic simulation.
Evaluating Impacts of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug on Non-fruiting Nursery Crops1 (2017)

Abstract Halyomorpha halys (Stål), the brown marmorated stink bug or BMSB, has become a major pest and nuisance since it arrived in the U.S. in 1996. This insect can feed on approximately 200 different plant species, many of which are important ornamental crops. BMSB's preference for fruits and the damage they cause is known, but it is not known how their presence on non-fruiting woody ornamentals can impact vegetative growth. The first study confined adult BMSB to branches of established stock block trees of five plant species for one month. Four measurements were taken to assess plant growth: branch length, leaf area, number of leaves, and dry weight. The second study confined adult BMSB on seedlings of eight plant species for one or two months. In this study, the same four measurements were taken as well as the change in trunk diameter. Overall, there were no significant differences in plant growth and only some marginal differences between branches or seedlings caged with BMSB versus no BMSB (control) after one or two months. Adults laid eggs on all plants species in both trials, and nymphs were observed to develop to the 2 nd instar stage in the seedling trial on all the plant species except for maple. Confinement of BMSB on branches of well-established nursery plants or on newly planted seedlings had little or no impact on growth over a two month exposure. Index words: Halyomorpha halys, Hemiptera, ornamentals, seedling, vegetative growth. Species used in this study: Brown marmorated stink bug ( Halyomorpha halys Stål); Dolgo crabapple ( Malus sp.); Yoshino cherry ( Prunus yedoensis Matsum.); Japanese elm ( Ulmus davidiana Planch.); Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila L.); Ginkgo ( Ginkgo biloba L.); Washington hawthorn ( Crataegus phaenopyrum (L.f.) Medik); lsquo;Ivory Silk' lilac ( Syringa reticulata Blume); ‘Green Mountain' silver linden ( Tilia tomentosa Moench); ‘Crimson Sunset' maple ( Acer truncatum Bunge); ‘Franksred' maple ( Acer rubrum L.)
Long-lasting response to afatinib that persisted after treatment discontinuation in a case of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (2019)

It is unknown whether tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can be discontinued in patients in whom <i>EGFR</i>-mutated lung cancer has well stabilised. We present a case of a 73-year-old Japanese woman with no history of smoking. Right pulmonary lower lobectomy, lymph node dissection and segmental resection of the right middle lobe were performed. Additionally, she underwent adjuvant chemotherapy for stage IIIB adenocarcinoma harbouring an <i>EGFR</i> exon 19 deletion. Afatinib was administered for liver metastases after 15 months. A complete response of metastatic disease was achieved for 2 years. However, afatinib was unavoidably discontinued due to splenectomy for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although afatinib was not resumed, due to the abscess formation as surgery complication, a drug-free complete response was sustained for over 18 months. The present case suggests that exceptional and durable responses to afatinib can be achieved in individual cases.