gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SERS imaging of HER2-overexpressed MCF7 cells using antibody-conjugated gold nanorods (2009)

Antibody-conjugated gold nanorods (GNRs) have been used for the targeting and imaging of specific cancer markers expressed on the surface membrane of cancer cells. GNRs with various aspect ratios were fabricated, and their surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement effects were evaluated. To attach the GNRs selectively onto the targets in cancer cells, specific antibodies were immobilized on the surface of GNRs using the layer-by-layer deposition method. First, Raman reporter molecules, mercaptopyridine, were attached to the surface of GNRs, and their surface charge was modified using poly(sodium 4-styrene-sulfonate) to make the surface charge negative. Then, anti-rabbit IgGs were immobilized onto the surface of the GNRs by electrostatic interactions. HER2 markers, expressed on the cell surface, were treated with anti-HER2 primary antibodies. Finally, the functionalized nanoprobes, conjugated with secondary antibodies, were attached to the markers on cancer cells by antibody-antibody interactions. In the present study, MCF7 cells overexpressing breast cancer marker HER2 were used as the optical imaging targets. Our experimental results demonstrate the potential feasibility of antibody-conjugated GNRs for the highly sensitive targeting and imaging of biomarkers expressed on the surface membrane of cancer cells.
Semi-insulating InP:Fe growth by hydride vapor phase epitaxy for advanced buried heterostructure quantum cascade lasers (2023)

Buried heterostructure quantum cascade lasers (BH-QCLs) operating at high temperature in mid-infrared (MIR) to THz spectral range are desired for chemical sensing and free-space optical communication (FOC). In this work, Fe doped semi-insulating InP (SI-InP) regrowth is demonstrated in a hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) reactor for advanced MIR and THz BH-QCLs grown by MBE and MOCVD. SI-InP regrowth is implemented in THz QCL pillar arrays and narrow width and reverse-taper MIR BH-QCLs for efficient heat dissipation. By exploiting SI-InP regrowth, the parasitic capacitance in MIR distributed feedback BH-QCL can be suppressed, which is exploited for high speed FOC application.
IUPAC International Symposium on Ionic Polymerization Goa, India, IP2005, October 23–28, 2005 (2006)

Abstract Conference Reports: This section contains reports on topical conferences. Reports are usually written at the request of the editorial office, but unsolicited contributions are also welcome. Suggestions should be sent to the editorial office of the Macromolecular journals, preferably by E‐mail to macromol@wiley‐vch.de.
Relativistic Positron Creation Using Ultra-Intense Short Pulse Lasers (2008)

We measure up to 2 x 10{sup 10} positrons per steradian ejected out the back of {approx}mm thick gold targets when illuminated with short ({approx} 1 ps) ultra-intense ({approx} 1 x 10{sup 20} W/cm{sup 2}) laser pulses. Positrons produced predominately by the Bethe-Heitler process and have an effective temperature of 2-4 MeV, with the distribution peaking at 4-7 MeV. The angular distribution of the positrons is anisotropic. The measurements indicate the laser produced, relativistic positron densities ({approx} 10{sup 16} positrons/cm{sup 3}) are the highest ever created in the laboratory.
Electroreflectance. Part 8. Symmetry Analyses. (1972)

Abstract : In semiconductors, a correlation between the observed electroreflectance and the characteristic parameters of the energy-band structure has been established. More recently, by using the inherent symmetry breaking properties of the modulating electric field, even more detailed information has been obtained about the 'k-space' origin of optical transitions. These symmetry analysis studies, both theoretical and experimental, were initiated and completed at NWC. The results of these studies are presented in three reprints of papers previously published in the open literature under the following titles: (1) 'Symmetry Analysis of Electroreflectance Spectra'; (2) 'Detailed Study of the Gamma (sub 15) Conduction-Band Minimum in Germanium by Photoemission and Transverse Electroreflectance'; and (3) 'Symmetry of the 4.5-eV Optical Interband Threshold in GaAs'.
Nonspeciﬁc complaints in emergency medicine: contribution of clinical chemistry and diagnostic imaging to ﬁnal diagnosis. An observational study (2021)

Objective: To determine the contribution of history, physical examination, clinical chemistry, and diagnostic imaging to the validated final diagnosis in patients presenting with nonspecific complaints to the emergency department (ED). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of Basel Non-specific Complaints (BANC), a multicentre prospective observational study. A final diagnosis was validated for every patient after a 30 days follow-up. A team of experts rated the contribution of the emergency work-up, and of clinical chemistry, diagnostic imaging, specialist consultation, and other exams to the final diagnosis. Results: 612 non-trauma patients with NSC were prospectively included. After exclusion of 19 patients due to protocol violation or missing information, 593 patients were analysed. 412/593 (69%) validated final diagnoses were attributed to the ED work-up, and 181 (31%) to subsequent work-up by internal medicine, geriatrics, or outpatient clinics. Clinical chemistry was judged to be decisive for 300/593 (51%), and imaging for 106/593 (18%) of all final diagnoses. Chest radiography was decisive in 50 (8%), cranial computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in 21 (4%), and chest computed tomography in 10 (2%) cases. Conclusion: Clinical chemistry and imaging contribute substantially to the diagnoses of patients presenting to the ED with NSC. However, post-ED-workup including consultations by specialists (e.g., neurology, geriatrics, psychiatry) were decisive for almost a third of all final diagnoses.
Service stacking using energy storage systems for grid applications – A review (2023)

Energy storage solutions for grid applications are becoming more common among grid owners, system operators and end-users. Storage systems are enablers of several possibilities and may provide efficient solutions to e.g., energy balancing, ancillary services as well as deferral of infrastructure investments. To ensure that an energy storage investment is guaranteed a reasonable payback period and a good return of investment it is advantageous to consider the possibility of service stacking. By offering additional services in turns or in parallel with the main service it is possible to create important revenue streams. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date status of service stacking using grid connected energy storage systems by presenting current research and on-the-table ideas. Results from the review show that frequency regulation services are the most common services to offer together with energy arbitrage and integration of renewable energy sources. The results also show that it is strategically favorable to offer additional services for storage units which are used seasonally or with low frequency. It can be concluded that service stacking is a promising method to implement for storage operators to increase the degree of utilization of storage units. It may also be concluded that the increased need for ancillary services increases the opportunity for storage units to participate in markets for energy and ancillary services. Future studies could focus on the correlation between service stacking possibilities and actual placement of the storage, and how hybrid storage configurations would affect the potential of service stacking.
Altered expression of epithelial junctional proteins in atopic asthma: possible role in inflammation (2008)

Epithelial cells form a tight barrier against environmental stimuli via tight junctions (TJs) and adherence junctions (AJs). Defects in TJ and AJ proteins may cause changes in epithelial morphology and integrity and potentially lead to faster trafficking of inflammatory cells through the epithelium. Bronchial epithelial fragility has been reported in asthmatic patients, but little is known about the expression of TJ and AJ proteins in asthma. We studied epithelial expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and AJ proteins E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, and beta-catenin in bronchial biopsies from nonatopic nonasthmatic (healthy) subjects (n = 14), and stable atopic asthmatic subjects (n = 22) at baseline conditions. Immunostaining for these proteins was semi-quantified for separate cellular compartments. E-cadherin, alpha-catenin and beta-catenin were present in the cellular membrane and less in the cytoplasm. Only beta-catenin was present in the nucleus in agreement with its potential function as transcription factor. ZO-1 was present in the apicolateral membrane of superficial cells. alpha-Catenin expression was significantly lower in subjects with asthma than without and correlated inversely with numbers of eosinophils within the epithelium. ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression were significantly lower in asthmatic than in nonasthmatic subjects. Expression of beta-catenin was not different. Our results suggest that the lower epithelial alpha-catenin, E-cadherin and (or) ZO-1 expression in patients with atopic asthma contributes to a defective airway epithelial barrier and a higher influx of eosinophils in the epithelium.
Strong Reduced Graphene Oxide Coated Bombyx mori Silk (2021)

Abstract Bombyx mori silks possess great potential in textile industries due to the large‐scale green production. However, the demand for silks with functional as well as mechanical properties are continuously rising due to the emergence of other functional textiles. It remains a great challenge to functionalize natural silk and simultaneously improve its mechanical properties. Inspired by the relationship between natural core–sheath structure and mechanical properties of cocoon silk, the application of a thin reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer coated B. mori silk (GS) is shown via hydrogen interfacial interaction. The resultant rGO‐coated silk exhibits a remarkable tensile strength of 1137.7 MPa and toughness of 304.5 MJ m −3 , which are 1.9 and 2.6 times higher than that of pure B. mori silk, respectively. Moreover, the GS shows a high electrical conductivity of 0.37 S m −1 with great thermal and deformation sensitivity. The bioinspired approach provides a universal and facile strategy for functionalizing natural fibers by applying rGO nanosheets surface coating.
Chromosome mapping of 11 human probes in the region 5q2→q3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (1995)

Using single- and double-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), 11 probes from the human chromosome region 5q2-->q3 are mapped. The following map order is proposed, from proximal to distal: 5q21.3-->q22: 15A6 (D5S136), YN5.64, CRI-L372 (D5S49), YN5.48 (D5S81): 5q22: EF5.44 (D5S135), APC; 5q22-->q23.1; CI5.23, L5.69 (D5S137), CRI-T39 (D5S64), MC5.61 (D5S84); 5q31.1-->q31.2: CRI-L1265 (D5S52).
ChemInform Abstract: DEHYDRATION REACTIONS OF FRUCTOSE IN NONAQUEOUS MEDIA (1983)

Abstract Fructose (I) kann in Sulfolan oder DMSO mit sauren Katalysatoren zu Hydroxymethylfurfural (IV) quantitativ dehydratisiert werden, jedoch ist eine Isolierung des Reaktionsproduktes schwierig.
Coupled Processes in a Fractured Reactive System (2018)

Predicting the temporal evolution of fractures in impermeable sealing units above geological carbon storage reservoirs is crucial to understanding leakage risk as well as optimal selection of storage sites. Process models are required which couple geochemical, hydrological, and mechanical effects to predict whether transmissive fractures increase or decrease in permeability during exposure to CO2 or CO2-saturated brines. We present results from a unique flow-through experiment conducted to image fracture evolution in a dolomite sample with dynamic synchrotron X-ray microtomography (SXR-micro-CT) at appropriate stress states. The results of the experiment show localized aperture enlargement and development of a microporous weathered zone due to rapid dissolution of calcite crystals, consistent with prior observations. Surface roughening and fines mobilization were also observed during dissolution. Confining stress cycles conducted after initial flow confirmed that the asperities remained strong even after exposure to aqueous CO2 for prolonged periods. Geochemical analysis of effluent samples shows an increasing rate of dolomite dissolution with time, likely due to early buffering by calcite dissolution and increasing reactive surface area. The resulting measurements are consistent with a simplified reactive transport model and will be used to calibrate high-resolution models of near-fracture processes in the context of geologic carbon storage.
Abstract 2708: Development of allosteric regulators of the dimerization domains of the plasminogen-related growth factor family for the treatment of pancreatic cancer (2014)

Abstract The plasminogen-related family of growth factors includes the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and macrophage stimulating protein (MSP), both of which normally mediate a variety of cellular behaviors including proliferation, survival, and migration. A major contributor to the formation and persistence of various cancers is the dysregulation of these growth factor systems. Overexpression of the HGF receptor, c-Met, is common in many cancers including pancreatic cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. Dysregulation of this system often leads to tumorigenesis and induction of various malignant phenotypes including increased proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion. In order to activate c-Met, HGF must first undergo an activation step in which it forms an HGF homodimer. Small molecule antagonists with homology to a putative “hinge” region within the HGF sequence have been developed that bind to HGF and allosterically block dimerization, therefore inhibiting c-Met signaling. Norleual [Nle-Tyr-Ile-ψ-(CH2-NH2)3-4-His-Pro-Phe] has previously been shown to inhibit HGF dimerization and HGF-dependent c-Met activation. We have assessed the ability of Norleual to block HGF dimerization and activation of c-Met within pancreatic cancer cells. Similar to the HGF/c-Met system, over-activation of the closely related MSP/Ron (MSP receptor) growth factor system has been identified as a critical contributor to pancreatic cancer progression. Due to overall high sequence homology between HGF and MSP, including the putative “hinge” region, we have hypothesized that MSP must also dimerize in order to efficiently activate the Ron receptor, and that this activation step can be targeted by “hinge” region homologs. Our results indicate that MSP naturally forms dimers and incubation with Norleual and similar “hinge” region antagonists inhibits dimerization. Further, we have demonstrated that MSP dimerization may be biologically significant and inhibition of dimerization suppresses MSP-dependent cell signaling and cell behaviors. The ultimate goal of this work is to develop a dual inhibitor capable of suppressing both the HGF and MSP growth factor systems, and further assess the therapeutic potential of these inhibitors for treatment of pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Kevin J. Church, Leen Kawas, Joseph Harding, Malte Lang, Michelle McMicheal. Development of allosteric regulators of the dimerization domains of the plasminogen-related growth factor family for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2708. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2708
Millimeter-wave IMPATT diodes with improved efficiency by using ion-implanted ohmic contact (1975)

The application of arsenic ion-implantation to the reduction of the contact resistance in the n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> substrate of millimeter-wave IMPATT diodes is discussed. Single-drift-region-type IMPATT fabricated with these techniques exhibited output powers ∼600 mW at ΔTj = 200°C with 8.7-percent conversion efficiencies over frequency range of 52 to 60 GHz.
Toward tactilely transparent gloves: Collocated slip sensing and vibrotactile actuation (2009)

Tactile information plays a critical role in the human ability to manipulate objects with one's hands. Many environments require the use of protective gloves that diminish essential tactile feedback. Under these circumstances, seemingly simple tasks such as picking up an object can become very difficult. This paper introduces the SlipGlove, a novel device that uses an advanced sensing and actuation system to return this vital tactile information to the user. Our SlipGlove prototypes focus on providing tactile cues associated with slip between the glove and a contact surface. Relative motion is sensed using optical mouse sensors embedded in the glove's surface. This information is conveyed to the wearer via miniature vibration motors placed inside the glove against the wearer's skin. The collocation of slip sensing and tactile feedback creates a system that is natural and intuitive to use. We report results from a human subject study demonstrating that the SlipGlove allows the wearer to approach the capabilities of bare skin in detecting and reacting to fingertip slip. Users of the SlipGlove also had significantly faster and more consistent reaction to fingertip slip when compared to a traditional glove design. The SlipGlove technology allows us to enhance human perception when interacting with real environments and move toward the goal of a tactilely transparent glove.
Large scale wind energy: latest technology and economics (2003)

Summary form only given. Wind power economics have improved dramatically, primarily as a result of economics of scale in the size of the turbines and the projects. Growth in wind turbine size and resulting reduction in power cost are driven by technological advances in design and operation of wind turbines. Project economics have resulted from large-scale development, financing, and construction of wind projects of capacity exceeding 100 Megawatt.
Catheter insertion simulation with combined visual and haptic feedback (1999)

. We have developed an experimental catheter insertion system supporting head-tracked stereoscopic viewing of volumetric reconstruction registered with direct haptic 3D interaction. The system takes as input patient data acquired with standard medical imaging modalities and regards it as a visual and haptic environment whose parameters are defined using look-up tables. By means of a mirror, the screen seems to be positioned like a surgical table providing the impression of looking down at the patient in a natural way. Co-registering physical and virtual spaces beforehand means that the patient appears at a fixed physical positionj on the surgical table and inside the workspace of the PHANToM device which controls catheter insertion. During the insertion procedure the system provides perception of the force of penetration and positional deviation of the inserted catheter. 1 Introduction The insertion of a catheter into a vessel (artery or vein) is one of the most common pro...
EMG pattern classification using spectral estimation and neural network (2007)

In this paper, we propose a method of pattern recognition of EMG signals of hand gesture using spectral estimation and neural network. Proposed system is composed of the Yule-Walker algorithm and the LVQ. The use of the Yule-Walker algorithm is to estimates the power spectral density (PSD) of the signal. The spectral estimate returned is the magnitude squared frequency response of AR model. A fine tuning step will then be incorporated to improve the accuracy of the classification by way of the LVQ. We describe in detail the experiment conducted to verify the usefulness of the proposed method for EMG pattern classification of hand gesture.
Combining Prophylactic Oophorectomy with Mastectomy Does Not Adversely Affect Surgical Outcomes: Results from the NSQIP Database (2015)

Blau, Jared; Gamble, Charlotte MD; Anolik, Rachel A. MD; Havrilesky, Laura MD; Greenup, Rachel A. MD; Hollenbeck, Scott T. MD, FACS Author Information
Sensor-Controlled Hooded Sprayer for Row Crops (1998)

Methods were developed and evaluated that utilize state of the art weed-sensing technology in row-crop production systems. Spectral differences in green living plants and bare soil allowed ‘real-time’ weed detection, with intermittent spraying of herbicide only where weeds were present. Sensor units were mounted in 0.7-m-wide hooded sprayers providing sensors with an unobstructed view of the area between soybean rows. Single hood and commercial-size eight-row systems were evaluated, and savings in glyphosate spray solution applied using sensors ranged from 63 to 85%, compared to conventional hooded spray systems with continuous application. Weed control by the sensor-controlled spray system was equal to the conventional system. This technology can significantly reduce herbicide usage and decrease production cost without reducing weed control.
Optimization of single-mode optical fibers for strain and temperature discrimination through Brillouin sensing (2021)

By combining simulations and experiments, low-loss optical fiber structure was optimized to allow discriminative monitoring of temperature and strain through Brillouin sensing: discrimination capability of ~5°C/MHz and ~100µε/MHz is shown for the best manufactured fiber.
A Dual Zinc plus Arginine formulation protects against tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced barrier dysfunction and enhances cell proliferation and migration in an in vitro gingival keratinocyte model (2021)

The ability of the Dual Zinc plus Arginine formulations to protect the barrier integrity of gingival keratinocytes from TNF-α-induced damage and to promote their proliferation and migration suggests that they may offer benefits for oral health.
Detection of Ground in Point-clouds Generated from Stereo-pair Images (2015)

This paper proposes a new approach for constructing digital terrain models (DTM) from the point-clouds
generated from airborne stereo-pair images. The method uses data decomposition based on the differential
attribute profiles and -mapping for the extraction of the most-contrasted connected-components. Their
filtering is achieved based on multicriterion threshold function. The method is evaluated by comparing the
output DTM with the reference Light Detection and Ranging data (LiDAR).
Unifying linear prior‐information‐driven methods for accelerated image acquisition (2001)

In the ongoing quest for faster imaging and higher spatial resolution, several methods have been developed to speed up data acquisition by incorporating prior information about the object being imaged. This study shows that many of these methods can be integrated into a single common equation. The unified framework provides a conceptual link that facilitates comparison among these methods to reveal their strengths and weaknesses. By considering the limitations of existing methods, a new member in this class of methods was developed. The broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique (BLAST) uses the estimated amount of change within the FOV as prior information. BLAST has the flexibility of incorporating a variable amount of prior information to avoid the misleading appearance of "phantom features," which arise from overconstraining the reconstruction. Examples from dynamic imaging and MR thermometry are shown.