gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Audit Process during Projects for Development of New Mobile IT Applications (2010)

This paper presents characteristics of the computer audit process during software development life cycle focused on specific aspects of the mobile IT applications. There are highlighted specific features of the distributed informatics systems implemented in wireless environments as hardware components, wireless technologies, classes of wireless systems, specialized software for mobile IT applications, quality characteristics of the mobile IT applications, software development models and their specific stages and issues aspects of the computer audit during software development life cycle of the distributed informatics systems customized on mobile IT applications. In the computer audit process, tasks of the computer auditors and what controls they must implement are also presented.
Cluster validation for unsupervised stochastic model-based image segmentation (1998)

Image segmentation is an important and early processing stage in many image analysis problems. Often, this must be done in an unsupervised fashion in that training data is not available and the class-conditioned feature vectors must be estimated directly from the data. A major problem in such applications is the determination of the number of classes actually present in an image. This problem, called the cluster validation problem, remains essentially unsolved. We investigate the cluster validation problem associated with the use of a previously developed unsupervised segmentation algorithm based upon the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. More specifically, we consider several well-known information-theoretic criteria (ICs) as candidate solutions to the validation problem when used in conjunction with this EM-based segmentation scheme. We show that these criteria generally provide inappropriate solutions due to the domination of the penalty term by the associated log-likelihood function. As an alternative we propose a model-fitting technique in which the complete data log-likelihood functional is modeled as an exponential function in the number of classes acting. The estimated number of classes are then determined in a manner similar to finding the rise time of the exponential function. This new validation technique is shown to be robust and outperform the ICs in our experiments. Experimental results for both synthetic and real world imagery are detailed.
Research on the development of green building in China (2019)

Since 2014, China's economic development has entered a new normal, and the downward pressure on the economy has significantly increased. Various industries need to adjust their structure and make positive changes. Green buildings can save energy and resources, which is the development direction for the construction industry to adapt to the new economic situation. This paper introduces the development status of green building at home and abroad, analyzes the problems in the development of green building in China, and puts forward the strategies to promote the development of green building, explore the new opportunities for the development of green building in China, in order to provide new ideas and inspiration for the development of green building in China.
Ultraviolet intracavity frequency-doubled Pr3+:LiYF4 orbital Poincaré laser (2020)

Here we demonstrate intracavity frequency-doubling of an ultra-compact (cavity length < 20 mm) Pr<sup>3+</sup>:LiYF<sub>4</sub> (YLF) orbital Poincaré laser, in which the fundamental modes are represented on an equivalent orbital Poincaré sphere (eOPS) and a singularities hybrid evolution nature sphere (SHENS). The generated ultraviolet (UV, 320 nm) output carries orbital angular momentum (OAM), and it typically exhibits an optical bottle beam with a 3-dimensional dark core, formed of a coherent superposition of eigen Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. Such ultraviolet structured light beams with OAM offer many advanced applications from microscopy to materials processing.
Environmentally-induced discharges on solar arrays in geosynchronous orbit (1993)

An analysis into the conditions necessary for environmentally induced inverted voltage gradient discharges in geosynchronous satellite solar arrays is conducted. This analysis shows that fused silica coverglass arrays can discharge in encounters with high-current-density, moderate-energy substorms. Discharges can also occur in a relaxation phase of a standard design substorm environment. After six months in space, when the Kapton thermal blankets photodegrade to become quasi-conductive, only a very severe substorm environment encounter will produce the conditions necessary to trigger discharges. Analysis based on lumped element modeling of the spacecraft indicates that the structure ringing persists longer than the discharge pulse. Ceria doped coverglass arrays discharge only after Kapton thermal blankets age.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Equilibrium analysis of coexisting IEEE 802.11e wireless LANs (2004)

A model for the coexistence problem of overlapping IEEE 802.11e wireless networks is discussed in this paper. In a competition scenario of overlapping 802.11e networks, quality of service cannot be guaranteed by the 802.11e protocol. For this reason, a stage-based game structure is introduced here. Wireless networks participate in the game as players. The players are gaining in each stage a so-called utility, which is a summarizing value for the achieved quality of service. The interaction of the players within a single stage is analyzed in detail, under consideration of Nash equilibria and Pareto efficiency.
Accelerated telomere shortening in hematological lineages is limited to the first year following stem cell transplantation (2001)

Using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry, the telomere length of telomere repeat sequences after stem cell transplantation (SCT) were measured. The study included the telomeres of peripheral blood monocytes that should reflect the length of telomeres in stem cells and the telomeres of T lymphocytes that could shorten as a result of peripheral expansion. The loss of telomeres in monocytes and in memory T cells, although accelerated initially, became comparable to the loss of telomeres in healthy controls from the second year after transplantation. In addition, the telomere length in the naive T cells that were produced by the thymus was comparable to the telomere length in the naive T cells of the donor. Compared to the total length of telomeres available, the loss of telomere repeats in leukocytes after SCT resembles the accelerated shortening seen in early childhood and remains, therefore, relatively insignificant.
Clinical significance of serum P53 antibody in patients with gastric cancer. (1998)

The presence of serum p53 antibody has been reported to have prognostic significance in patients with breast and ovarian cancers. In order to clarify clinical and prognostic significance of p53 antibody in serum, we measured p53 antibody in patients with gastric cancer. Twenty-five patients with gastric cancer were examined as well as 9 patients with gastric polyp as controls. Eight of 25 patients (32%) with gastric cancer were positive for p53 antibody, while no patients with gastric polyp were positive in gastric polyp group (p < 0.05). The presence of p53 antibody was significantly associated with histology, liver metastasis and stage classification in gastric cancer (p < 0.05, respectively). Presence of liver metastasis, type of histology and presence of p53 antibody are independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05, respectively). The overall survival in patients with p53 antibody was significantly shorter survival than for those without antibody (p < 0.05%). These data suggest that p53 antibody serves as one of the prognostic factors in gastric cancer.
Tunable superconductivity by electrochemical intercalation in TaS2 (2018)

The controllable manipulation of materials properties has always attracted broad interests since there exists the possibility to identify the relationship between different electronic states, and even discover new states. Here we report the electrochemical intercalation of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA ^+ ) into 2H–TaS _2 . The single layer TaS _2 is intercalated with CTA ^+ cations and the direction of CTA ^+ is approximately perpendicular to the lamellar structure of TaS _2 . With this facile and efficient method, the superconducting transition temperature ( T _c ) of pristine TaS _2 increases from 0.8 K to the maximum 3.7 K, showing a dome-like behavior. The Hall coefficient measurement indicates that the intercalated CTA ^+ cations introduce electrons to this system. The present results demonstrate that electrochemical intercalation method is effective in tuning the materials properties and may pave the way for exploring new superconductors.
Full band gaps for surface acoustic waves in piezoelectric phononic crystals (2005)

Surface acoustic waves in phononic crystals consisting of holes in a Y-cut lithium niobate substrate are identified numerically using a plane-wave-expansion method. The phononic crystal has a square lattice with circular void inclusions with a filling fraction of 63%. It is found that a large full-band gap with a fractional bandwidth of 34% exists for surface acoustic waves of any polarization and incidence. coincidentally with the full band gap for bulk waves propagating in the plane of the surface.
Genetic Dissection of hTAFII130 Defines a Hydrophobic Surface Required for Interaction with Glutamine-rich Activators (1999)

The general transcription factor TFIID is a multiprotein complex consisting of the TATA box-binding protein and multiple TATA box-binding protein-associated factors (TAF(II)s). The central domain of human TAF(II)130 contains four glutamine-rich regions Q1-Q4 that interact with transcriptional activators such as Sp1 and CREB and mediate activation. We screened in yeast random point mutations introduced into Q1-Q4 against the Sp1 activation domain and obtained a distinct set of hTAF(II)130s with alterations in TAF(II)-activator interaction. Here we characterize functionally an hTAF(II)130 mutant containing a phenylalanine to serine change at position 311 (F311S) that is compromised in its ability to associate with Sp1B and CREB-N activation domains. Substitution of phenylalanine with tyrosine but not with isoleucine or tryptophan also reduced hTAF(II)130 interaction, suggesting that the hydrophobic character rather than the specific amino acid at this position is a key determinant of interaction. Deletion of nine amino acids (Delta9) surrounding Phe(311) abolished the interaction of hTAF(II)130 with Sp1. Overexpression of hTAF(II)130Q1/Q2 and Q1-Q4 strongly inhibited Sp1-dependent transcriptional enhancement in transient transfection assays, whereas expression of either F311S or Delta9 only partially suppressed Sp1-mediated activation. Thus, a short hydrophobic sequence motif encompassing Phe(311) in hTAF(II)130 represents a critical surface with which Sp1B interacts to activate transcription.
A Simple and Efficient Method for Isolating Trichomes for Downstream Analyses (2004)

Arabidopsis trichomes are an excellent cell type to address many questions in plant biology including the control of cell shape, endoreplication, and cell expansion. Because trichomes comprise such a small percentage of the cells of a leaf, biochemical analyses of trichomes are limited. To overcome this limitation, we developed a method for removing trichomes from the leaf surface. Our method allows the isolation of intact trichomes for use in downstream applications such as cell wall analysis, immunolocalization of trichome proteins, analysis of DNA content, and proteomics. Also, this method will facilitate the isolation of trichomes from practically any plant species.
Baseline analysis and control of spaceborne repeat-pass InSAR based on relative orbital elements (2019)

星载重轨干涉SAR卫星在高程测绘和形变测量中有着全天时全天候和大范围的优势，其中干涉基线是决定干涉性能的重要指标，而卫星重访轨道对干涉基线起着决定性的作用。通过对现有高分三号干涉数据轨道参数的分析，发现干涉基线相比国外先进卫星过长且稳定性有待提高。本文通过对相对轨道根数和机动控制的分析，得到满足重轨干涉SAR系统要求的稳定基线。以第一次观测的轨道为参考轨道，基于在摄动情况下重复观测轨道与参考轨道的相对轨道根数，计算得到重轨干涉基线的变化规律，并对不同纬度的观测目标进行了样例分析。在基线变化规律的基础上，利用机动速度和相对轨道根数的关系，进一步计算得到满足基线状态需求的机动控制方法。通过实际数据分析，给出了相对轨道根数变化对初始理想构型的影响，验证了重轨干涉基线变化规律符合本文的分析，并利用仿真样例给出了使得重轨干涉基线达到预期要求的机动控制方案。实际数据和仿真实验表明该模型能够通过可长时间观测并准确获得的轨道根数直接计算基线状态，并能从干涉基线需求出发，快速准确的得出对卫星的控制策略。
Cohort Profile: The Bissau HIV Cohort—a cohort of HIV-1, HIV-2 and co-infected patients (2014)

The West African country Guinea-Bissau is home to the world's highest prevalence of HIV-2, and its HIV-1 prevalence is rising. Other chronic viral infections like human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and hepatitis B virus are common as well. The Bissau HIV Cohort was started in 2007 to gain new insights into the overall effect of introducing antiretroviral treatment in a treatment-naïve population with concomitant infection with three retroviruses (HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1) and tuberculosis. The cohort includes patients from the HIV clinic at Hospital Nacional Simão Mendes, the main hospital in Bissau, the capital of the country. From July 2007 to June 2013, 3762 HIV-infected patients (69% HIV-1, 18% HIV-2, 11% HIV-1/2 and 2% HIV type unknown) were included in the world's largest single-centre HIV-2 cohort. Demographic and clinical data are collected at baseline and every 6 months, together with CD4 cell count and routine biochemistry analyses. Plasma and cells are stored in a biobank in Denmark. The Bissau HIV Cohort is administered by the Bissau HIV Cohort study group. Potential collaborators are invited to contact the chair of the cohort study group, Christian Wejse, e-mail: [wejse@dadlnet.dk].
FGFR2-related pathogenesis and FGFR2-targeted therapeutics (Review) (2009)

FGFR2 gene at human chromosome 10q26 encodes FGFR2b and FGFR2c isoforms functioning as FGF receptors with distinct expression domain and ligand specificity. FGFR2 plays oncogenic and anti-oncogenic roles in a context-dependent manner. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within intron 2 of FGFR2 gene are associated with breast cancer through allelic FGFR2 upregulation. Missense mutations or copy number gains of FGFR2 gene occur in breast cancer and gastric cancer to activate FGFR2 signaling. Aberrant FGFR2 signaling activation induces proliferation and survival of tumor cells. The class switch from FGFR2b to FGFR2c occurs during progression of prostate cancer and bladder cancer because of spliceosome dysregulation. In addition, epidermal Fgfr2b knockout mice show increased sensitivity to chemical carcinogenesis partly due to the failure of Nfe2l2 (Nrf2)-mediated detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Loss of FGFR2b signaling induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and unruly ROS. FGFR2 signaling dysregulation due to the accumulation of epigenetic modifications and genetic alterations during chronic inflammation, smoking, increased caloric uptake, and decreased exercise leads to carcinogenesis. PD173074, SU5402, AZD2171, and Ki23057 are small-molecule FGFR inhibitors. Human antibody, peptide mimetic, RNA aptamer, siRNA, and synthetic microRNA (miRNA) are emerging technologies to be applied for cancer therapeutics targeted to FGFR2. Because novel sequence technology and peta-scale super-computer are opening up the sequence era following the genome era, personalized medicine prescribing targeted drugs based on germline and/or somatic genomic information is coming reality. Application of FGFR2 inhibitors for cancer treatment in patients with FGFR2 mutation or gene amplification is beneficial; however, that for cancer prevention in people with FGFR2 risk allele might be disadvantageous due to the impediment of a cytoprotective mechanism against oxidative stress.
Extremely low-voltage Fabry-Perot reflection modulators (1990)

A normally-on-electroabsorptive surface-normal Fabry-Perot reflection modulator with a reflection change of 47% for an operating voltage swing of only 2 V, i.e. 23%/V, is discussed. The structure has an active region of twenty-four 100-AA-GaAs/100-AA-Al/sub 0.2/Ga/sub 0.8/As multiple quantum wells, sandwiched between two quarter-wavelength grating mirrors with the bottom one more reflective. The wavelength range over which more than half of the maximum reflection change is observed is as wide as approximately 7 nm for 2 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial (2017)

National Institutes of Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme, British Heart Foundation.
Influence of Genetic Background on Knockout Mouse Phenotypes (2003)

Once a knockout allele generated by gene targeting has been introduced into the germline of a mouse, the primary concern is to efficiently screen the animal for mutant phenotypes. This is not necessarily a trivial exercise given the high frequency of unexpected or lack of phenotypes. With the number of published knockout mouse strains approaching 1000, considerable experience has accumulated with respect to these concerns. Some of the most obvious approaches involve developmental surveys at the morphological and histological levels, physiological studies, perturbation of homeostatic balances, introduction of stress or injury, and analysis of mutant organs, tissues and cells in vitro. However, the history of mouse genetics, which in itself can be termed the study of strain-dependent phenotype variability, tells us that as a backdrop to these approaches the genetic background onto which the targeted allele is placed can cause considerable variation in phenotype. This variation can present itself as completely different phenotypes, as variations in penetrance of phenotype, or as variable expressivity of phenotype.
A Highly Cross‐Linked Polymeric Binder for High‐Performance Silicon Negative Electrodes in Lithium Ion Batteries (2012)

Ein vernetztes Polymer als Bindemittel (rot im Bild) verhindert mechanische Brüche in negativen Siliciumelektroden. Silicium-Nanopulver in einem 3D-Gerüst aus Polyacrylsäure und Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose zeigt eine hohe reversible Kapazität (>2000 mAh g−1) nach 100 Zyklen bei 30 °C und behält eine hohe Kapazität und Stromdichte bei. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Econometric Analysis of Transition Data (1990)

This book presents statistical methods for analysis of the duration of events. The primary focus is on models for single-spell data, events in which individual agents are observed for a single duration. Some attention is also given to multiple-spell data. The first part of the book covers model specification, including both structural and reduced form models and models with and without neglected heterogeneity. The book next deals with likelihood based inference about such models, with sections on full and semiparametric specification. A final section treats graphical and numerical methods of specification testing. This is the first published exposition of current econometric methods for the study of duration data.
Object subclass hierarchy in SQL: a simple approach (1990)

The object subclass hierarchy is a useful way of modeling property and behavior inheritance. It can be implemented on a relational DBMS using views.
Targeted modification of promoters (2021)

Although most genome editing efforts focus on modifications to gene coding regions, this chapter emphasizes genome editing of the upstream regulatory regions. Thoughtful editing of the promoter region will ultimately lead to improved plants, modified for more precise control of the intensity and specificity of native gene expression. In this chapter, we present an overview of the promoter or upstream regulatory region of a gene, and describe how this sequence is defined and studied. We then describe how the composition and arrangements of cis-regulatory elements within the promoter and the leading intron associated with the promoter region have been studied using classical transgenic approaches to reveal what regulatory components might be suitable for genome editing approaches. Finally, we offer some suggestions for pursuit of promoter editing and gene expression modulation, which will eventually lead to modified plants with an altered regulation of native gene expression.
Scalability of 3D-Integrated Arithmetic Units in High-Performance Microprocessors (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Rate-based traffic control technique in credit style for ABR service in ATM networks (2002)

In ATM networks, rate-based traffic control will be used specifically to manage ABR (available bit rate) service. Through the study of rate-based and credit-based traffic control, we propose a rate-based traffic control in a credit style technique, which is the dynamic rate adjusting scheme based on counting mechanism of credit control. It controls the source rate by setting up a high/low threshold of the buffer and modulating the increase/decrease factor of the rate. Simulation results show that this kind of scheme can not give a guarantee of buffer utilization, but also can enhance the performance in cell loss, etc.
Water-Wettable Polypropylene Fibers by Facile Surface Treatment Based on Soy Proteins (2013)

Modification of the wetting behavior of hydrophobic surfaces is essential in a variety of materials, including textiles and membranes that require control of fluid interactions, adhesion, transport processes, sensing, etc. This investigation examines the enhancement of wettability of an important class of textile materials, viz., polypropylene (PP) fibers, by surface adsorption of different proteins from soybeans, including soy flour, isolate,glycinin, and β-conglycinin. Detailed investigations of soy adsorption from aqueous solution (pH 7.4, 25 °C) on polypropylene thin films is carried out using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). A significant amount of protein adsorbs onto the PP surfaces primarily due to hydrophobic interactions. We establish that adsorption of a cationic surfactant, dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODA) onto PP surfaces prior to the protein deposition dramatically enhances its adsorption. The adsorption of proteins from native (PBS buffer, pH 7.4, 25 °C) and denatured conditions (PBS buffer, pH 7.4, 95 °C) onto DODA-treated PP leads to a high coverage of the proteins on the PP surface as confirmed by a significant improvement in water wettability. A shift in the contact angle from 128° to completely wettable surfaces (≈0°) is observed and confirmed by imaging experiments conducted with fluorescence tags. Furthermore, the results from wicking tests indicate that hydrophobic PP nonwovens absorb a significant amount of water after protein treatment, i.e., the PP-modified surfaces become completely hydrophilic.