gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of apoptosis in serum starved porcine embryonic fibroblasts (2002)

In nuclear transplantation, serum starvation is a general method to synchronize donor cells at the quiescent stage (G(0)) of the cell cycle. However, serum starvation during culture of mammalian cells may induce cell death, especially through apoptosis, thus contributing to the low efficiency of nuclear transplantation. This study was performed to characterize apoptosis during serum starvation and to determine the effects of apoptosis inhibitors such as a protease inhibitor [alpha(2)-macroglobulin (MAC)] and antioxidants [N-acetylcysteine (NAC), glutathione (GSH)] on serum starved porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEF). PEF, collected from day 25-30 porcine fetuses, were cultured for 5 days in media containing 0.5% FBS to induce quiescence. Serum starved PEF showed typical morphology of apoptotic cells and stained for DNA fragmentation by TUNEL assay (26.7%). All apoptosis inhibitors tested in this study significantly (P < 0.05) reduced apoptosis of serum starved PEF, with antioxidants having better results (MAC: 7.4% vs. NAC: 1.0%, and GSH: 0.8%). Equally and importantly, the treatment with apoptosis inhibitors did not change the proportion of G(0)/G(1) stage cells. Therefore, the addition of MAC and antioxidants during serum starvation of PEF reduces apoptosis of quiescent fibroblasts and may contribute to increasing the efficiency of nuclear transplantation by improving the quality of donor nuclei.
J231025 The evaluation formula for pronation of ankle joint in the earlier stance phase of running (2011)

Pronation is motion of inward rotation of ankle joint when a foot contacts on the ground in running. The pronation is evaluated by pronation angle and this is controlled by shape of running shoes. In previous study, there is correlation among the mechanical parameters about pronation. So, I formulate the quantitative evaluation formula for pronation of ankle joint in the earlier stance phase of running used by principle component analysis (PCA) and multiple regression analysis. The formula shows that the position of ankle joint, center of pressure (COP) and ground reaction force of earlier stance phase have an effect on maximum pronation angle. And the validation experiment shows general versatility of the formula.
Straightforward Synthesis of a Vicinal Double‐Bridgehead Iodo Trimethylsilyl Octacycle: Unprecedented Lack of Reactivity of the Silyl Group in the Presence of Fluoride Anions (2017)

A convenient synthesis of an octacyclic compound containing an iodo and a trimethylsilyl group in vicinal double‐bridgehead positions, as a possible precursor of a pyramidalized alkene, is described. The key step of the synthesis consists of a double nucleophilic substitution of two neopentyl‐type iodides by cyclopentadienide anions followed by two intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloadditions. All attempts to generate the expected pyramidalized alkene from the above precursor on reaction with different sources of fluoride failed. This octacyclic compound, which contains two disubstituted C=C bonds, underwent a chemo‐ and stereoselective Pd 0 ‐catalyzed co‐cyclotrimerization with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to give a nonacyclic cyclohexadiene derivative that can be aromatized upon reaction with CsF or transformed into a related fluoride upon reaction with AgF.
Electroacoustic transducer, usable in particular as a source of acoustic waves for submarine applications (1992)

First Page
Quantum noise properties of multiphoton transitions in driven nonlinear resonators (2012)

We investigate the quantum noise properties of a weakly nonlinear Duffing resonator in the deep quantum regime, where only few quanta are excited. This regime is dominated by the appearance of coherent multiphoton resonances in the nonlinear response of the resonator to the modulation. We determine simple expressions for the photon noise spectrum and find that the multiphoton resonances also induces a multiple peak structure in that noise. When the corresponding multiphoton Rabi oscillations are underdamped, zero temperature quantum fluctuations determine comparable populations of all quasienergy states which belong to a resonant multiphoton doublet. Most interestingly, the quantum fluctuations probe the multiphoton transitions by inducing several peaks in the noise spectrum of the resonator observables. In particular, the noise of the photon number contains complete information about the multiphoton states and their stationary populations via pairs of nearly symmetric peaks at opposite frequencies. Their widths are determined by the damping of the Rabi oscillations and their heights are proportional to the stationary nonequilbrium populations. A finite detuning from a multiphoton resonance generates a quasielastic noise peak at zero frequency. In addition, we relate the stationary populations of the quasienergy states with an effective quantum temperature and discuss the role of a finite temperature.
Ethylene Oxide Sterilization Preserves Bioactivity and Attenuates Burst Release of Encapsulated Glial Cell Line Derived Neurotrophic Factor from Tissue Engineered Nerve Guides For Long Gap Peripheral Nerve Repair (2015)

Synthetic nerve guides are widely utilized to reconstruct peripheral nerve defects that are less than three centimeters. However, there are no clinically available nerve guides that are approved to promote repair over long gaps (>3 cm). Many currently available guides are unable to sustain large defect regeneration either because of limitations in fabrication or short degradation times in vivo. Furthermore, current clinically available nerve guides do not contain neurotrophic factor delivery systems to promote nerve tissue regeneration over long gaps. The purpose of this paper is to describe the manufacturing parameters and sterilization procedures of a 5.2 cm poly(caprolactone) nerve conduit with embedded polymeric microspheres that encapsulate glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) for implantation into a preclinical <i>rhesus macaque</i> 5 cm median nerve defect model. Nerve conduits were sterilized with room temperature ethylene oxide (RT EtO) and assessed for morphology as well as maintenance of porosity. Release kinetics and bioactivity of GDNF were also assessed in RT EtO sterilized guides. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that RT EtO treatment did not affect morphology and porosity percentage of nerve guides. Furthermore, RT EtO had no effect on GDNF bioactivity based on Schwannoma cell migration studies. RT EtO guides exhibited significantly slowed GDNF release compared to GDNF release from nonsterile guides indicating that EtO treatment may enhance the long-term delivery kinetics of GDNF from polymeric microspheres within the nerve guide.
Computer-aided detection (CAD) for CT colonography: a tool to address a growing need (2005)

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both men and women. It is estimated that in 2004, nearly 147,000 cases of colon and rectal cancer will be diagnosed in the USA, and approximately 57,000 people would die from the disease; however, only 44% of the eligible population undergoes any type of colorectal cancer screening. Many reasons have been identified for non-compliance, with key ones being patient comfort, bowel preparation and cost. Virtual colonoscopy derived from computed tomography (CT) images is gaining broader acceptance as a screening method for colorectal neoplasia. Our research suggests that computer-aided detection (CAD) as a second reader has great potential in improving polyp detection. The ColonCAD prototype presented in this paper was developed and tested on cases representative of the variability and quality in true clinical practice. Results of this study with 150 patients demonstrate that: the developed algorithm generalises well: the sensitivity for polyps > or = 6 mm is on average 90%; and the median false positive rate is a manageable 3 per volume.
Gastdozenten als Experten (2003)

Abstract Die Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie der Universität Regensburg wollte einen Kurs kombinatorische Chemie einrichten, verfügte aber nur über geringe Erfahrungen auf dem Gebiet. Deshalb lud der Fachbereich über das Innovatec‐Programm des DAAD Gastdozenten ein, die Studenten und Doktoranden ihr Expertenwissen vermitteln.
Effect of low static nitrate concentrations on mineral nitrogen uptake, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation in field pea (1993)

Abstract Combined nitrogen [nitrate (NO3‐), ammonium (NH4+), and urea] will inhibit all components of symbiotic nitrogen (N2) fixation if present in sufficient concentrations. It is generally accepted that nitrate is particularly inhibitory to nodule growth and nitrogenase activity, and somewhat less inhibitory to the infection process. This project examined whether providing low (0.1 ‐ 0.5 mM) static concentrations of NO3‐ to pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Express), seedlings could avoid the period of N hunger experienced prior to the establishment of N2 fixation, without delaying or reducing the symbiotic N2 fixation. All concentrations of NO3 − tested significantly inhibited all measured components of N2 fixation. The nodulation process as measured by nodule number was inhibited to a similar degree as the other parameters. A concentration dependent response was evident, with 0.1 mM NO3 − causing less inhibition than the 0.2 or 0.5 mM concentrations. Our results indicate the within the concentrations of 0.1 mM and 0.5 mM NO3 −, it is not possible to stimulate the growth of pea plants without inhibiting nodulation and N2 fixation.
Layered Data Association Using Graph-Theoretic Formulation with Application to Tennis Ball Tracking in Monocular Sequences (2008)

In this paper, we propose a multilayered data association scheme with graph-theoretic formulation for tracking multiple objects that undergo switching dynamics in clutter. The proposed scheme takes as input object candidates detected in each frame. At the object candidate level, "tracklets'' are "grown'' from sets of candidates that have high probabilities of containing only true positives. At the tracklet level, a directed and weighted graph is constructed, where each node is a tracklet, and the edge weight between two nodes is defined according to the "compatibility'' of the two tracklets. The association problem is then formulated as an all-pairs shortest path (APSP) problem in this graph. Finally, at the path level, by analyzing the APSPs, all object trajectories are identified, and track initiation and track termination are automatically dealt with. By exploiting a special topological property of the graph, we have also developed a more efficient APSP algorithm than the general-purpose ones. The proposed data association scheme is applied to tennis sequences to track tennis balls. Experiments show that it works well on sequences where other data association methods perform poorly or fail completely.
Distributed Parallelism Using Clusters with Dynamic Behavior (Non-Refereed) (2005)

Summary form only given. This paper presents a technique to design and develop a distributed parallel cluster on a client-server network environment to implement parallelism and hence increase the efficiency of a system. A client-server network has been established first. Then necessary packages for cluster management have been installed and configured on the established network environment. Programs runable on the developed environment must follow parallel algorithm properties with selected cluster nodes. Any program is distributed module-wise to run on different nodes simultaneously. Processing is done on different nodes, then integrated together to generate the output. This paper also illustrates the analysis of internal dynamic cluster network modeling, distributed modeling of user task loads, and steps for the successful parallelism in a cluster system. As this is the era of networking, if the clustering techniques can be applied, the performance of any software system may increase.
H1 gets the genome in shape (2016)

By performing high-throughput chromosome conformation capture analyses in embryonic stem cells depleted of the linker histone H1, Geeven and colleagues have uncovered exciting new evidence concerning a role for this histone in modulating three-dimensional genome architecture and chromatin organization.
Speciation of Phenanthriplatin and Its Analogs in the Core of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (2018)

Efficient loading of drugs in novel delivery agents has the potential to substantially improve therapy by targeting the diseased tissue while avoiding unwanted side effects. Here we report the first systematic study of the loading mechanism of phenanthriplatin and its analogs into tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), previously used by our group as an efficient carrier for anticancer drug delivery. A detailed investigation of the preferential uptake of phenanthriplatin in its aquated form (∼2000 molecules per TMV particle versus ∼1000 for the chlorido form) is provided. Whereas the net charge of phenanthriplatin analogs and their ionic mobilities have no effect on loading, the reactivity of aqua phenanthriplatin with the glutamates, lining the interior walls of the channel of TMV, has a pronounced effect on its loading. MALDI-MS analysis along with NMR spectroscopic studies of a model reaction of hydroxy-phenanthriplatin with acetate establish the formation of stable covalent adducts. The increased number of heteroaromatic rings on the platinum ligand appears to enhance loading, possibly by stabilizing hydrophobic stacking interactions with TMV core components, specifically Pro102 and Thr103 residues neighboring Glu97 and Glu106 in the channel. Electron transfer dissociation MS/MS fragmentation, a technique that can prevent mass-condition-vulnerable modification of proteins, reveals that Glu97 preferentially participates over Glu106 in covalent bond formation to the platinum center.
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids in Sulfuric Acid (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Carboxylic Acids in Sulfuric AcidClark M. Welch and Hilton A. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 6, 1412–1415Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01102a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01102a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1268Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduction of the total injection volume of contrast material with a short injection duration in 64-detector row CT coronary angiography (2010)

The ability of short injection duration of contrast material to reduce the total injection volume in 64-detector row CT coronary angiography was investigated. 45 patients were divided into three groups: (i) those receiving 0.8 ml kg(-1) of contrast material (350 mgI ml(-1)) injected with a fixed duration of 14 s (Group A; n = 16); (ii) those receiving 0.8 ml kg(-1) of contrast material injected with a fixed duration of 10 s (Group B; n = 15); and (iii) those receiving 0.7 ml kg(-1) of contrast material injected with a fixed duration of 10 s (Group C; n = 14). All patients then received 20 ml of saline. Contrast densities of the ascending aorta and proximal and distal coronary arteries were assessed where vessel diameters were >2.0 mm. The mean enhancement value in the ascending aorta for Group B was significantly higher than that for Groups A and C (p<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between Groups A and C. All enhancement values in the coronary arteries were higher than 250 Hounsfield units. The mean enhancement value for each coronary artery in Group B was significantly higher than that for Group A (p<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between Groups A and C. In conclusion, a short injection duration allows a reduction in the total volume of contrast material from 0.8 ml kg(-1) to 0.7 ml kg(-1) while a steady contrast enhancement is maintained in the ascending aorta and coronary arteries.
Trajectory generation for manipulators using linear quadratic optimal tracking (1989)

The reference trajectory is normally known in advance in manipulator control which makes it possible to apply linear quadratic optimal tracking. This gives a control system which rounds corners and generates optimal feedforward. The method may be used for references consisting of straight-line segments as an alternative to the two-step method of using splines to smooth the reference and then applying feedforward. In addition, the method can be used for more complex trajectories. The actual dynamics of the manipulator are taken into account, and this results in smooth and accurate tracking. The method has been applied in combination with the computed torque technique and excellent performance was demonstrated in a simulation study. The method has also been applied experimentally to an industrial spray-painting robot where a saw-tooth reference was tracked. The corner was rounded extremely well, and the steady-state tracking error was eliminated by the optimal feedforward.
In situcalibration of an interferometric velocity sensor for measuring small scale flow structures using a Talbot-pattern (2017)

Small scale flow phenomena play an important role across engineering, biological and chemical sciences. To gain deeper understanding of the influence of those flow phenomena involved, measurement techniques with high spatial resolution are often required, presuming a calibration of very low uncertainty. To enable such measurements, a method for the in situ calibration of an interferometric flow velocity profile sensor is presented. This sensor, with demonstrated spatial resolution better than 1 μm, allows for spatially-resolving measurements with low velocity uncertainty in flows with high velocity gradients, on condition that the spatial behavior of the interference fringe systems is well-known by calibration with low uncertainty, especially challenging to obtain at applications with geometries difficult to access. The calibration method described herein uses three interfering beams to form the interference fringe systems of the sensor, yielding Doppler burst signals exhibiting two peaks in the frequency domain whose amplitude ratio varies periodically along the measurement volume major z-axis, giving a further independent value of the axial tracer particle position that can be used to determine the calibration functions of the sensor during the flow measurement. A flow measurement in a microchannel experimentally validates that the presented approach allows for simultaneously estimating the calibration functions and the velocity profile, providing flow measurements with very low systematic measurement errors of the particle position of less than 400 nm (confidence interval 95%). In that way, the interferometric flow velocity profile sensor utilizing the in situ self-calibration method promises valuable insights on small scale flow phenomena, such as those given in shear and boundary layer flows, by featuring reliable flow measurements due to minimum systematic and statistical measurement errors.
Novice-Friendly Authoring of Plan-Based Interactive Storyboards (2010)

Story Canvas is a visual authoring tool for the creation of interactive, generative stories. Aimed at authors without a technical background in computational storytelling, our system takes an existing author goal-based narrative planning architecture and adds a highly visual authoring and reading interface to the technology, using the language of storyboards and comics as a framework for both authoring and interacting with the resulting narratives. In this paper we describe Story Canvas and its evolution from our previous authoring work, including how our interface choices have been driven by our previous experiences with non-technical authors, and describe the details of translating the visual authoring constructs into story plans within the story generator.
Infectious Diseases of Dogs and Cats on Isabela Island, Galapagos (2008)

Despite their relative seclusion from the rest of the world, cats and dogs of Isabela were exposed to many pathogens found in mainland South America. Parasite prophylaxis, neutering, and strict enforcement of animal movement restrictions would control a majority of the diseases. In the absence of vaccination, a reservoir of susceptible animals remains vulnerable to new disease introductions.
Effects of insulin on total RNA, poly(A)+ RNA, and mRNA in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes (1992)

The purpose of this study was to examine mechanisms involved in the regulation of protein synthesis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were maintained in a chemically defined serum-free medium in the presence or absence of insulin. The rate of protein synthesis in hepatocytes deprived of insulin between days 2 and 5 of culture was reduced to 67% of the rate observed in insulin-maintained controls. The decrease in protein synthetic rate was accompanied by a proportional fall in the content of both total RNA and poly(A)+RNA, suggesting that the capacity for protein synthesis was reduced in the absence of insulin. Both total RNA and poly(A)+ RNA contents and the protein synthetic rate were returned to control values after 3 days of insulin resupplementation. In addition, the effect of insulin on the expression of specific mRNAs was assessed by in vitro translation of total RNA followed by two-dimensional gel analysis of radiolabeled translation products. Only 13 of the greater than 150 spots discernible on the two-dimensional gels were altered in response to insulin. The mRNAs that were altered include examples of repression and stimulation of expression in response to insulin deprivation. Thus, in isolated rat hepatocytes, insulin regulates the capacity of both overall protein synthesis as well as the capacity for the synthesis of specific proteins.