gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive integral photography imaging with variable-focus lens array (2008)

We present a new concept of scene adaptive imaging scheme for integral photography (IP), which is named as "adaptive IP (AIP) imaging." Our proposal is to use variable focus lenses to compose the lens array for IP imaging. Our scheme will greatly enhance the potential of free-viewpoint image synthesis from IP images, because the sampling pattern of light-field can be optimized for the scene structure. We first introduce a theoretical model describing how to optimize the light field sampling for the target scene, by using our virtual camera model in the Hough transform space. We then describe our prototype implementation with 64 liquid lenses compactly arranged in an 8 by 8 matrix, and preliminary results with it. Our imaging scheme can be regarded as an example of Programmable Imaging, and will contribute to this new trend of imaging methods.
Production of Recombinant Antimicrobial Peptides in Bacteria (2009)

Large quantities of antimicrobial peptides are required for investigations and clinical trials, therefore suitable production method alternative to traditional chemical synthesis is necessary. Production of recombinant antimicrobial peptides in prokaryotic systems has successfully demonstrated the viability of this approach. Production of antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli is potentially limited due to their toxicity to host cells and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation, which can be avoided using fusion protein approach. We describe antimicrobial peptide production in E. coli based on forcing antimicrobial peptides into inclusion bodies, which is affective for the production of large quantities of antimicrobial peptides. Chemical reagents for cleaving peptide bond between antimicrobial peptides and fusion proteins such as cyanogen bromide and diluted acid are selective and provide antimicrobial peptides for biological studies in short time.
Differential flatness based hybrid PID/LQR flight controller for complex trajectory tracking in quadcopter UAVs (2017)

In this paper, we present a differential flatness based hybrid flight controller for the quadcopter UAV. The combination of conventional PID based controller with the full state feedback based LQR controller results in the proposed hybrid controller. The performance of the resulting controller is further enhanced by using differential flatness based feedforward control. The UAV with a hybrid flight controller is considered as the balance between stability and maneuverability, which makes it suitable for complex trajectory following applications. The dynamic model and the flight controller has been verified by means of numerical simulations for flight conditions involving complex maneuvers.
Measurement of the Relative and Absolute Microgravity Environment of Space Platforms, Recent Flight Results, and Determination of the Spatial Microgravity Field (1992)

Microgravity material processing in space, such as crystal growth, requires specific and accurate knowledge of the very low frequency, very low level microgravity. This means knowledge of absolute microgravity levels. Most acceleration measurement systems for space platforms only measure 'microvibrations,' the measurement of the absolute microgravity level being severely corrupted by bias errors, temperature hysteresis, nonlinearity by-products, and bias changes due to launch vibrations. An advanced system was developed incorporating a fixed 3-axis acceleration measurement system with improved signal conditioning and Invertible Accelerometers for absolute measurements. The higher sensitivity channels have lower frequency low pass filtering to meet crystal growers demands for recording of low level/low frequency disturbances. Also included is a pre-flight bias adjustment feature.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient and Direct Preparation of Tertiary Phosphines via Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Huge Liposarcoma of Esophagus Resected by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Case Report with Video (2013)

Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas occurring in adults, but it rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and more uncommonly in the esophagus. To the best of our knowledge, there are only 19 reported cases of esophageal liposarcoma in the literature published in English language up to the year 2008, and they were all treated by surgical methods. Here, we report a case of primary liposarcoma of the esophagus which was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). ESD was well tolerated in this patient, suggesting that it may be a therapeutic option for primary esophageal sarcomas.
The New York High-risk Project: Anhedonia, Attentional Deviance, and Psychopathology (1993)

In the New York High-Risk Project (NYHRP) we followed subjects at risk for schizophrenic or affective disorders and low-risk controls from childhood to adulthood, with the goal of identifying early predictors of later schizophrenia-related psychopathology. In this article, we focus on two potential predictors: the Physical Anhedonia Scale administered in adolescence and the Attention Deviance Index obtained in childhood. Subjects of this report are 161 members of the NYHRP's first sample (sample A), who had scores on both attention and anhedonia and had followup clinical assessments in adulthood. We used a path analysis model and several separate regression analyses to examine the relationships of the parent diagnostic groups, attentional dysfunction, and anhedonia to each other and to each of three psychopathological outcomes: schizophrenia and schizophrenia-related psychoses, major affective disorder, and social isolation in nonpsychotic subjects. Subject groups did not differ in anhedonia scores but did differ in childhood attentional dysfunction, psychosis, and social isolation, all of which are more common in subjects at risk for schizophrenia. In these subjects at risk for schizophrenia, but not in the other two groups of subjects, childhood attentional dysfunction is related to anhedonia, social isolation, and possibly nonparanoid psychosis. Anhedonia is associated with social isolation and with psychosis in females. Several other gender effects are also noted.
The Effect of Alcohol Treatments on Solubility and in Vitro and in Situ Digestibilities of Soybean Meal Protein (1982)

Treatment of soybean meal (SBM) protein with alcohol-water solutions affected both solubility of protein in Burroughs mineral mixture and rate of disappearance from dacron bags between 2 and 8 h of in situ digestion. Minimum solubility was noted when solutions contained either 40% (v/v) isopropanol or propanol or 60% (v/v) ethanol. Denaturation of protein by propanol resulted in lower solubility than denaturation by ethanol or isopropanol (P<.05). For the alcohols combined, concentration of alcohol in the treatment solution produced a negative linear effect (P<.05) as well as a positive quadratic effect (P<.01) on rate of disappearance of crude protein from dacron bags. With propanol, rate of disappearance was lowest at 40% (v/v); with isopropanol, at 30% and with ethanol at 50%. After 8 h in situ digestion, the amount of protein residue from SBM treated with 50% ethanol was 163% of the protein left from untreated SBM. These values were 278% with 40% (v/v) propanol and 119% with 30% (v/v) isopropanol. No effect of alcohol treatments on the amount of protein residue remaining after 24 h in situ digestion was found, suggesting that alcohol treatment does not affect extent of protein digestion but rather rate of digestion. In vitro digestibilities of soluble proteins were quadratically affected by propanol and isopropanol treatments. Ammonia production from the soluble proteins was minimal after 24 h in vitro digestion at 40% (v/v) ethanol, 60% (v/v) propanol and 100% (v/v) isopropanol treatments. Ammonia release from total protein after 24 h in vitro digestion was lowest at 60% (v/v) ethanol, 40% (v/v) propanol and 40% (v/v) isopropanol. For all incubation times, the alcohol concentrations between 40 and 60% resulted in the lowest ammonia releases. These data suggest that alcohol treatment may increase the amount of SBM protein that escapes ruminal digestion when fed in practical diets.
Flattening Spectrum of a Broadband and Wavelength Stable Erbium Doped Superfluorescent Fiber Source (1999)

A technique is used to design the spectra in erbium doped superfluorescent fiber source experimentally and theoretically. In an erbium doped fiber with a 10 m length and 300 ppm concentration, a line width of about 42 nm and high mean wavelength stability (<0.1ppm/K, <0.2ppm/mW) were obtained by means of a suitable population distribution, and adjusting the ratio of backward to forward pump power. Also, its thermal characteristic is studied. These results will improve the performance of fiber optical gyroscope and fiber sensors, and will be applied in erbium doped fiber amplifier with flattening gain.
Sound speed in water-saturated glass beads as a function of frequency and porosity (2011)

Sound propagation in water-saturated granular sediments is known to depend on the sediment porosity, but few data in the literature address both the frequency and porosity dependency. To begin to address this deficiency, a fluidized bed technique was used to control the porosity of an artificial sediment composed of glass spheres of 265 μm diameter. Time-of-flight measurements and the Fourier phase technique were utilized to determine the sound speed for frequencies from 300 to 800 kHz and porosities from 0.37 to 0.43. A Biot-based model qualitatively describes the porosity dependence.
The Chemistry of Phosphapeptides: Formation of Functionalized Phosphonochloridates under Mild Conditions and Their Reaction with Alcohols and Amines (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Phosphapeptides: Formation of Functionalized Phosphonochloridates under Mild Conditions and Their Reaction with Alcohols and AminesWilliam P. Malachowski and James K. CowardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 25, 7616–7624Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00104a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00104a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views507Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Prevalence of Antibodies Against Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in a Rural Area of Colombia (2007)

We recently rediscovered Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Villeta, Colombia, near the same locality (Tobia) where it was first recognized in 1937. To have a better idea of the magnitude of this problem, sera from 392 randomly recruited healthy adults from Villeta were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay to detect IgG against Rickettsia rickettsii as antigen. The seropositivity rate for spotted fever group rickettsiae was 40.3%. We did not find any association between the presence of antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae and several demographic and epidemiologic variables, which could be a reflection of unique features of this area.
Epitaxial NiO gate dielectric on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures (2012)

This letter reports on epitaxial nickel oxide (NiO) films grown by metal-organic chemichal vapor deposition on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. The grown material was epitaxial, free from voids and exhibited a permittivity of 11.7, close to bulk NiO. This approach is advantageous with respect other methods such as the thermal oxidation of Ni films due to a better reproducibility and film quality. A reduction of the leakage current in Schottky diodes with an interfacial NiO layer has been observed and described using the metal-insulator-semiconductor Schottky model. The results indicate that these films are promising as gate dielectric for AlGaN/GaN transistors technology.
Very High Laser-Damage Threshold of Polymer-derived Si(B)CN- Carbon Nanotube Composite Coatings (2013)

We study the laser irradiance behavior and resulting structural evolution of polymer-derived silicon-boron-carbonitride (Si(B)CN) functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite spray coatings on copper substrate. We report a damage threshold value of 15 kWcm(-2) and an optical absorbance of 0.97 after irradiation. This is an order of magnitude improvement over MWCNT (1.4 kWcm(-2), 0.76), SWCNT (0.8 kWcm(-2), 0.65) and carbon paint (0.1 kWcm(-2), 0.87) coatings previously tested at 10.6 μm (2.5 kW CO2 laser) exposure. Electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests partial oxidation of Si(B)CN forming a stable protective SiO2 phase upon irradiation.
Optimization of Melt Chemistry and Properties of 35Cobalt-35Nickel -20Chromium-10Molybdenum Alloy Medical Grade Wire (2003)

The end use requirements for standard ASTM F 562 wire for pacing leads present difficult challenges to achieve the desired performance of these permanent implant devices. It will be shown that an optimized process produces a measurable improvement in surface finish and greatly improved fatigue life of wire forms under various conditions pertinent to the medical device industry. The purpose of this paper is to review the property improvements of ASTM F 562 wire. The improved material, called 35N LT alloy, meets all chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements of the ASTM F 562 specification, and other specifications based on that document. The chemistry of 35N LT alloy falls within the ranges established for UNS designation R30035.
Stereo image watermarking method based on binocular just noticeable difference (2014)

Digital image watermarking has been proposed in order to protect the intellectual property of digital images. Although the stereo image pairs and their applications are becoming increasingly popular, very few algorithms have been proposed for copyright protection of this type of images. The existing methods do not consider the binocular visibility of stereo pairs. Due to the fact that, human perceptual system does not perceive the left and right images of stereo pairs independently, recently a binocular just noticeable difference model (BJND) is proposed. The BJND model describes the sensitivity of the human visual system to luminance changes in stereo images. In this paper, we propose a new stereo image watermarking algorithm based on BJND model. To this end, the proposed method embeds watermark in the DCT coefficients of contourlet transform. This proposed method, adaptively changes the embedding strength factor (a) according to the BJND values of two corresponding stereo blocks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve a tradeoff between robustness and imperceptibility, while preserving the binocular visibility threshold of stereo pairs.
Preparation and graft‐copolymerization of hydrogenated natural rubber in latex stage (2015)

ABSTRACT Preparation and graft‐copolymerization of hydrogenated natural rubber are performed in latex stage after removal of proteins from the rubber with urea and surfactant. Hydrogenation of deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex is carried out with palladium catalyst under hydrogen atmosphere. The hydrogenated DPNR (HDPNR) is crosslinked with a peroxide followed by graft‐copolymerization of styrene (Sty) and acrylonitrile (AN) in latex stage in order to prepare a graft‐copolymer of crosslinked HDPNR with poly(Sty‐ co ‐AN) (HDPNR‐ graft ‐PSAN). Characterization of the products is performed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The conversion of hydrogenation is investigated with respect to the catalyst feed, acidity (pH), and dry rubber content. In the resulting HDPNR‐ graft ‐PSAN, mole fraction of AN and Sty is 1.4 and 5.8 mol %, respectively. The graft‐copolymer is used to improve properties of PSAN as an impact modifier. The Charpy impact strength of crosslinked HDPNR‐ graft ‐PSAN/PSAN is about eight times as high as that of PSAN. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 42435.
The Human β-Globin Locus Control Region Can Silence as Well as Activate Gene Expression (2005)

Using recombinase-mediated cassette exchange to test multiple transgenes at the same site of integration, we demonstrate a novel chromatin context-dependent silencer activity of the beta-globin locus control region (LCR). This silencer activity requires DNase I hypersensitive sites HS2 and HS3 but not HS4. After silencing, the silenced cassettes adopt a typical closed chromatin conformation (histone H3 and H4 deacetylation, histone H3-K4 methylation, DNA methylation, and replication in late S phase). In the absence of the LCR at the same site of integration, the chromatin remains decondensed. We demonstrate that the LCR is necessary but not sufficient to trigger these chromatin changes. We also provide evidence that this novel silencing activity is caused by transcriptional interference triggered by activation of transcription in the flanking sequences by the LCR.
Imaging drilling hazards in the Forties oilfield using nodal ocean-bottom seismic (2012)

Reliable seismic images of gas accumulations in the shallow subsurface underneath the production platforms in the Forties oilfield are mitigating drilling risks and reducing drilling costs. Ocean Bottom Nodes were selected to record the seismic data for the ability to operate safely and efficiently in obstructed and busy oilfields. The resulting seismic images allow extra care to be taken during drilling of wells where gas is likely to be encountered. The resulting operations are therefore optimized in terms of both safety and costs.
MAB-based Client Selection for Federated Learning with Uncertain Resources in Mobile Networks (2020)

This paper proposes a client selection method for federated learning (FL) when the computation and communication resource of clients cannot be estimated; the method trains a machine learning (ML) model using the rich data and computational resources of mobile clients without collecting their data in central systems. Conventional FL with client selection estimates the required time for an FL round from a given clients' computation power and throughput and determines a client set to reduce time consumption in FL rounds. However, it is difficult to obtain accurate resource information for all clients before the FL process is conducted because the available computation and communication resources change easily based on background computation tasks, background traffic, bottleneck links, etc. Consequently, the FL operator must select clients through exploration and exploitation processes. This paper proposes a multi-armed bandit (MAB)-based client selection method to solve the exploration and exploitation trade-off and reduce the time consumption for FL in mobile networks. The proposed method balances the selection of clients for which the amount of resources is uncertain and those known to have a large amount of resources. The simulation evaluation demonstrated that the proposed scheme requires less learning time than the conventional method in the resource fluctuating scenario.
Performance characterization and comparison of video indexing algorithms (2002)

Temporal segmentation of video is a necessary first step to indexing digital video for browsing and retrieval. A number of different video temporal segmentation algorithms have been published in the literature. There has been little effort to evaluate and characterize their performance so as to deliver a single (or set of) algorithms that may be used by other researchers for indexing video databases. The present results of evaluating a number of these algorithms and characterizing their performance, specifically with respect to robustness to encoder and bitrate changes. The lessons learnt have relevance to algorithm development and evaluation in general.
Selective Electrochemical Mono- and Polysilylation of Halothiophenes (1996)

Electrochemical trimethylsilylation of mono- and polyhalothiophenes (hal = Cl, Br) has been examined. In order to predict the selectivity of the reaction in accordance with the halogen position on the ring, the reduction potentials of the commercially available halothiophenes have been determined by cyclic voltammetry. Thus, as expected, the bromo derivatives are more easily reduced than the chloro analogs, and the 2-position is more reactive than the 3-position. We obtained 2- and 3-(trimethylsilyl)thiophenes, 2-(trimethylsilyl)-3 (or 5)-halothiophenes, 2-(trimethylsilyl)-3,4,5-trihalothiophenes, 2,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)thiophene, 2,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-3,4-dihalothiophenes, and 2,3,5-tris(trimethylsilyl)-4-halothiophenes with an excellent selectivity. In contrast, the silylation of 2-(trimethylsilyl)-3-halo- and 2,3,5-tris(trimethylsilyl)-4-halothiophenes occurred with ring opening and afforded 1,1,4,4-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)-1,2-butadiene and hexakis(trimethylsilyl)-2-butyne, respectively. A coherent interpretation of the synthetic results is proposed in correlation with the measured potential values.
Ontogenetic propulsive transitions by medusaeSarsia tubulosa (2015)

While swimming in their natural environment, marine organisms must successfully forage, escape from predation, and search for mates to reproduce. In the process, planktonic organisms interact with their fluid environment, generating fluid signatures around their body and in their downstream wake through ontogeny. In the early stages of their life cycle, marine organisms operate in environments where viscous effects dominate and govern physical processes. Ontogenetic propulsive transitions in swimming organisms often involve dramatic changes in morphology and swimming behavior. However, for organisms that do not undergo significant changes in morphology, swimming behavior or propulsive mode, how is their swimming performance affected? We investigated the ontogenetic propulsive transitions of the hydromedusa Sarsia tubulosa, which utilizes jet propulsion and possesses a similar bell morphology throughout its life cycle. We used digital particle image velocimetry and high-speed imaging to measure the body kinematics, velocity fields and wake structures induced by swimming S. tubulosa with bell exit diameters from 1 to 10 mm. Our experimental observations revealed three distinct classes of hydrodynamic wakes: elongated vortex rings for 10<Re<30 (1-2 mm bell exit diameter), classical elliptical vortex rings for Re>30 (larger than 2 mm bell exit diameter) and elliptical vortex rings (or leading vortex rings) followed by trailing jets for most instances where Re>100 (larger than 4 or 5 mm bell exit diameter). The relative travel distance and propulsive efficiency remained unchanged throughout ontogeny, and the swimming proficiency and hydrodynamic cost of transport decreased non-linearly.