gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wireless Sensor Node Using a Rotational Energy Harvester with Adaptive Power Conversion (2009)

Abstract: In this paper, we present and demonstrate a rotational energy harvester with a component-optimised maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit for adaptive power conversion. An AM-transmitter and receiver was used to instrument the harvester during operation. Experimental results on the effects of current limiting the harvester and the end-to-end efficiency of the MPPT circuit are shown. Finally, preliminary work on the design of a self-powered wireless tachometer using accelerometers is described.
Significance of Normalization on Anatomical MRI Measures in Predicting Alzheimer’s Disease (2014)

This study establishes a new approach for combining neuroimaging and neuropsychological measures for an optimal decisional space to classify subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This approach relies on a multivariate feature selection method with different MRI normalization techniques. Subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and surface area measures are obtained using MRIs from 189 participants (129 normal controls and 60 AD patients). Statistically significant variables were selected for each combination model to construct a multidimensional space for classification. Different normalization approaches were explored to gauge the effect on classification performance using a support vector machine classifier. Results indicate that the Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) measure is most discriminative among single-measure models, while subcortical volume combined with MMSE is the most effective multivariate model for AD classification. The study demonstrates that subcortical volumes need not be normalized, whereas cortical thickness should be normalized either by intracranial volume or mean thickness, and surface area is a weak indicator of AD with and without normalization. On the significant brain regions, a nearly perfect symmetry is observed for subcortical volumes and cortical thickness, and a significant reduction in thickness is particularly seen in the temporal lobe, which is associated with brain deficits characterizing AD.
A Framework for Database Forensic Analysis (2012)

Information security policy demands auditing for the high performance databases for ensuring data integrity and also to detect database tampering if any.Relational database uses auditing capabilities, which involves examination of information and operations for accuracy, legality and propriety to report risks and to make recommendations to promote sound-operating practices.Database auditing is the process to be carried out on continuous basis.This records and analyzes the database activity for reporting on some period.But the database can be tampered deliberately or accidentally by authorized or unauthorized users at any instance bypassing auditing system too.The suspected behaviour with invalid access to the database must be inspected and analyzed further with database forensics.In this research paper a framework is proposed for analyzing and reconstructing the activity of any unsuspicious behaviour within database.The purpose is to identify, collect, analyze, validate, interpret, generate forensic report and preserve the evidence for digital investigations.To prove in the concept, the database MySQL database 5.5 is studied and analyzed for this proposed framework.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Tetrahydroisoquinolines as Potential Antitumor Agents. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
GaAs/AlGaAs MULTI-QUANTUM WELL-BASED INFRARED FOCAL PLANE ARRAYS FOR INFRARED IMAGING APPLICATIONS (2002)

New infrared focal plane arrays (FPAs) with multi-spectral coverage, high sensitivity, and lower manufacturing costs are required for many ground-based and space-based infrared imaging applications, One of the most promising FPA technologies is a GaAs/AlGaAs based Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) FPAs. In this paper we discuss the importance of focal plane array non-uniformity on the performance, demonstrations of varies infrared imaging cameras based on narrow-band QWIP FPAs, demonstration of long-wavelength/very long-wavelength dual-band QWIP imaging camera, demonstration of the first broad-band QWIP imaging camera, and a novel multi-quantum-well based infrared detection device structure for low-background and low-temperature operations.
A Combined Pharmacodynamic Quantitative and Qualitative Model Reveals the Potent Activity of Daptomycin and Delafloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms (2013)

Biofilms are associated with persistence of Staphylococcus aureus infections and therapeutic failures. Our aim was to set up a pharmacodynamic model comparing antibiotic activities against biofilms and examining in parallel their effects on viability and biofilm mass. Biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 25923 (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus [MSSA]) or ATCC 33591 (methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]) were obtained by culture in 96-well plates for 6 h/24 h. Antibiotic activities were assessed after 24/48 h of exposure to concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 512 times the MIC. Biofilm mass and bacterial viability were quantified using crystal violet and the redox indicator resazurin. Biofilms stained with Live/Dead probes were observed by using confocal microscopy. Concentration-effect curves fitted sigmoidal regressions, with a 50% reduction toward both matrix and viability obtained at sub-MIC or low multiples of MICs against young biofilms for all antibiotics tested. Against mature biofilms, maximal efficacies and potencies were reduced, with none of the antibiotics being able to completely destroy the matrix. Delafloxacin and daptomycin were the most potent, reducing viability by more than 50% at clinically achievable concentrations against both strains, as well as reducing biofilm depth, as observed in confocal microscopy. Rifampin, tigecycline, and moxifloxacin were effective against mature MRSA biofilms, while oxacillin demonstrated activity against MSSA. Fusidic acid, vancomycin, and linezolid were less potent overall. Antibiotic activity depends on biofilm maturity and bacterial strain. The pharmacodynamic model developed allows ranking of antibiotics with respect to efficacy and potency at clinically achievable concentrations and highlights the potential utility of daptomycin and delafloxacin for the treatment of biofilm-related infections.
ERs-Western Blot Analysis (2015)

Signaling mechanisms involved in E2-mediated Gper1 activation: role of Akt, ERK1/2and GSK-3β phosphorylation.
Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Cu Surface Reaction Layers in Cu-CMP to Improve Planarization (2013)

Chemical and mechanical properties of a surface reaction layer are essential to improve planarization in Cu-CMP. We compared the reaction layers on Cu surfaces formed by dipping in APS and H2O2 slurries and show that a thinner, mechanically stronger, and corrosion-resistant layer is preferable. It enables preferential polishing of the convex surfaces and consequently relaxes dishing after Cu-CMP. Controlling Cu oxidation reaction to form Cu2O in the slurry is essential for achieving further improvements of the planarization.
On the wideband EMI response of a rotationally symmetric permeable and conducting target (2001)

A simple and accurate model is presented for computation of the electromagnetic induction (EMI) resonant frequencies of canonical conducting and ferrous targets, in particular, finite-length cylinders and rings. The imaginary resonant frequencies correspond to the well known exponential decay constants of interest for time-domain EMI interaction with conducting and ferrous targets. The results of the simple model are compared to data computed numerically, via method-of-moments (MoM) and finite-element models. Moreover, the simple model is used to fit measured wideband EMI data from ferrous cylindrical targets (in terms of a small number of parameters). It is also demonstrated that the general model for the magnetic-dipole magnetization, in terms of a frequency-dependent diagonal dyadic, is applicable to general rotationally symmetric targets (not just cylinders and rings).
Recent developments in novel silica-based optical fibers (2019)

We have summarized our recent work in the area of novel silica-based optical fibers, which can be classified into two types: silica optical fiber doped with special elements including Bi, Al, and Ce, and micro-structured multi-core fibers. For element-doped optical fiber, the Bi/Al co-doped silica fibers could exhibit a fluorescence spectrum covering the wavelength range between 1000 and 1400 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 150 nm, which enables its use in fiber amplifiers and laser systems. The Ce-doped fiber’s center wavelengths of excitation and emission are about 340 and 430 nm, respectively. The sapphire-derived fiber (SDF) with high alumina dopant concentration in the core can form mullite through heating and cooling with arc-discharge treatment. This SDF can be further developed for an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric that can withstand 1200 °C, which allows it to be used in high-temperature sensing applications. Owing to the strong evanescent field, micro-structured multi-core fiber can be used in a wide range of applications in biological fiber optic sensing, chemical measurement, and interference-related devices. Coaxial-core optical fiber is another novel kind of silica-based optical fiber that has two coaxial waveguide cores and can be used for optical trapping and micro-particle manipulation by generating a highly focused conical optical field. The recent developments of these novel fibers are discussed.
DNA and Protein Sequence Alignment with High Performance Reconfigurable Systems (2007)

Biological sequence alignment is an extremely important task in the field of computational biology. This paper presents an FPGA based solution which exploits the multiple granularities of hardware parallelism available in a highperformance reconfigurable computer system. Thus, multiple cores are implemented per chip and system level parallelism is achieved via message passing. The design was developed in VHDL, with the message passing interface (MPI) providing for system level parallelism and implemented on both the Cray XD1 and SRC systems. The results will show order of magnitude speed up when compared with modern microprocessors. The study is also used to provide some insight into the architectural issues associated with modern high-performance reconfigurable computers.
Best practices guide for residential HVAC Retrofits (2003)

This best practices guide for residential HVAC system retrofits is aimed at contractors who want guidance on delivering energy efficient, cost effective and innovative products. It has been developed around the idea of having packages of changes to the building HVAC system and building envelope that are climate and house construction dependent. These packages include materials, procedures and equipment and are designed to remove some of the guesswork from a builder, contractor, installer or homeowner decisions about how best to carry out HVAC changes. The packages are not meant to be taken as rigid requirements--instead they are systems engineered guidelines that form the basis for energy efficient retrofits. Similar approaches have been taken previously for new construction to develop extremely energy efficient homes that are comfortable safe and durable, and often cost less than standard construction. This is best epitomized by the Building America program whose partners have built thousands of residences throughout the U.S. using these principles. The differences between retrofitting and new construction tend to limit the changes one can make to a building, so these packages rely on relatively simple and non-intrusive technologies and techniques. The retrofits also focus on changes to a building that will give many years of service to the occupants. Another key aspect of these best practices is that we need to know how a house is working so that we know what parts have the potential for improvement. To do this we have put together a set of diagnostic tools that combine physical measurements and checklists/questionnaires. The measured test results, observations and homeowner answers to questions are used to direct us towards the best retrofits applicable to each individual house. The retrofits will depend on the current condition of the building envelope and HVAC system, the local climate, the construction methods used for the house, and the presence of various energy saving systems (e.g., a Heat Recovery Ventilator) and/or materials. This is just like a doctor referring a patient for blood tests or x-rays before actually performing surgery. This way the doctor can be sure that he does the right thing. To take this analogy further--we can borrow from the medical profession and say that the first thought when retrofitting a house is to do no harm, i.e., do not make changes that could make the house worse to live in.
Transparent ceramic lamp envelope materials (2005)

Transparent ceramic materials with optical qualities comparable to single crystals of similar compositions have been developed in recent years, as a result of the improved understanding of powder-processing-fabrication- sintering-property inter-relationships. These high-temperature materials with a range of thermal and mechanical properties are candidate envelopes for focused-beam, short-arc lamps containing various fills operating at temperatures higher than quartz. This paper reviews the composition, structure and properties of transparent ceramic lamp envelope materials including sapphire, small-grained polycrystalline alumina, aluminium oxynitride, yttrium aluminate garnet, magnesium aluminate spinel and yttria–lanthana. A satisfactory thermal shock resistance is required for the ceramic tube to withstand the rapid heating and cooling cycles encountered in lamps. Thermophysical properties, along with the geometry, size and thickness of a transparent ceramic tube, are important parameters in the assessment of its resistance to fracture arising from thermal stresses in lamps during service. The corrosive nature of lamp-fill liquid and vapour at high temperatures requires that all lamp components be carefully chosen to meet the target life. The wide range of new transparent ceramics represents flexibility in pushing the limit of envelope materials for improved beamer lamps.
Pin1: A New Genetic Link between Alzheimers Disease, Cancer and Aging (2010)

Epidemiologic data suggest that people who develop neurodegenerative diseases of aging have a decreased risk of cancer. This is intriguing, since there is growing evidence that neurodegeneration and carcinogenesis share a number of biological pathways, such as abnormal entry into the cell cycle. The unique enzyme Pin1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and many human cancers. Pin1 acts on proteins after they have been phosphorylated at specific sites, causing them to twist between two completely distinct conformations. This conformational change profoundly affects protein activity and is a major method of cellular signaling and regulation. In the neuron, Pin1 promotes cellular health by restoring phosphorylated tau and amyloid precursor protein to a functional state. The loss of active Pin1 leads to the accumulation of abnormal tau and the overproduction of β-amyloid, the cardinal features of Alzheimer's disease. Pin1 also regulates the cell cycle and is a necessary enzyme for cell division. Over-expression of Pin1 can promote oncogenesis through a number of signaling pathways. We hypothesize that Pin1 might help explain an inverse relationship between Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Pin1 deficiency in mice leads to an early-aging phenotype, suggesting that Pin1 activity is necessary for healthy aging and the prevention of age-related diseases. We review the role of Pin1 in cancer and neurodegeneration, discuss the relationship between Pin1 and aging, and explore its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
The microbiota plays a critical role in the reactivity of lung immune components to innate ligands (2020)

Abstract The microbiota contributes to shaping efficient and safe immune defenses in the gut. However, little is known about the role of the microbiota in the education of pulmonary innate immune responses. Here, we tested whether the endogenous microbiota can modulate reactivity of pulmonary tissue to pathogen stimuli by comparing the response of specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice. Using SPF and GF mice intranasally exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of Gram-negative bacteria, we observed earlier and greater inflammation in the pulmonary compartment of GF mice than that of SPF mice. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was more abundantly expressed in the lungs of GF mice than those of SPF mice at steady state, which could predispose the innate immunity of GF mice to strongly react to environmental stimuli. Lung explants were stimulated with different TLR agonists or infected with the human airways pathogen, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), resulting in greater inflammation under almost all conditions for the GF explants. Finally, alveolar macrophages (AM) from GF mice presented a higher innate immune response upon RSV infection than those of SPF mice. Overall, these data suggest that the presence of microbiota in SPF mice induced a process of innate immune tolerance in the lungs by a mechanism which remains to be elucidated. Our study represents a step forward to establishing the link between the microbiota and the immune reactivity of the lungs. Plain Language summary Microbiota represents an important partner of immunologic system at the interface between immune cells and epithelium. It is well known, notably in the gut, that the microbiota contributes in shaping efficient and safe defenses. However, little is known about the role of the microbiota in the education of pulmonary innate immune responses. In this study, we postulate that endogenous microbiota could dampen an excessive reactivity of pulmonary tissue to external stimuli. Thus, we sought to study the innate immune reaction switched on by viral or bacterial ligands in respiratory tract cells coming from mice with or without microbiota (germ-free condition, GF). Altogether, our results show a higher inflammatory reaction in GF condition. This study represents a step forward to better establish the link between the microbiota and the reactivity of the lung tissue. Not only these data demonstrate that the microbiota educates the pulmonary innate immune system, but also contributes the emerging concept of using respiratory commensal bacteria as potential next-generation probiotics to prevent susceptibility to respiratory diseases.
Silicon Bulk Micromachined Vibratory Gyroscope (1996)

This paper reports on design, modeling, fabrication, and characterization of a novel silicon bulk micromachined vibratory rate gyroscope designed for microspacecraft applications. This new microgyroscope consists of a silicon four leaf clover structure with a post attached to the center. The whole structure is suspended by four thin silicon cantilevers. This device is electrostatically actuated and detects Coriolis induced motions of the leaves capacitively. A prototype of this microgyroscope has a rotation responstivity (scale factor) of 10.4mV/deg/sec with scale factor nonlinearity of <1%, and a minimum detectable noise equivalent rotation rate of 90 deg/hr. at an integration time of I second. The bias stability of this microgyroscope is better than 29 deg/hr. The performance of this microgyroscope is limited by the electronic circuit noise and drift. Planned improvements in the fabrication and assembly of the microgyroscope will allow the use of Q-factor amplification to increase the sensitivity of the device by at least two to three orders of magnitude. This new vibratory microgyroscope may have applications in inertial navigation and attitude control. It offers potential advantages of almost unlimited operational life, high performance, extremely compact size, low power operation, and low cost.
miR-33 links SREBP-2 induction to repression of sterol transporters (2010)

The sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) and the liver X receptor (LXR) control antagonistic transcriptional programs that stimulate cellular cholesterol uptake and synthesis, and cholesterol efflux, respectively. The clinical importance of SREBP-2 is revealed in patients with hypercholesterolemia treated with statins, which reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by increasing hepatic expression of SREBP-2 and its target, the LDL receptor. Here we show that miR-33 is encoded within SREBP-2 and that both mRNAs are coexpressed. We also identify sequences in the 3' UTR of ABCA1 and ABCG1, sterol transporter genes both previously shown to be regulated by LXR, as targets for miR-33-mediated silencing. Our data show that LXR-dependent cholesterol efflux to both ApoAI and serum is ameliorated by miR-33 overexpression and, conversely, stimulated by miR-33 silencing. Finally, we show that ABCA1 mRNA and protein and plasma HDL levels decline after hepatic overexpression of miR-33, whereas they increase after hepatic miR-33 silencing. These results suggest novel ways to manage hypercholesterolemic patients.
Reversible left hemispheric ischemia secondary to carotid compression in Eagle syndrome: surgical and CT angiographic correlation. (2007)

Symptoms of ipsilateral carotid artery compression secondary to an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament may be seen in Eagle syndrome. The patient will typically experience cervicofacial pain due to stimulation of the arterial nervous plexus. In addition, symptoms directly attributable to compression of the carotid artery may be seen, including visual symptoms and syncope. We report here the case of a patient who developed symptoms consistent with left hemispheric ischemia within 15 seconds of turning his head to the left. These symptoms were completely reversible on returning the head to the neutral position. No long-term sequelae were detected clinically or radiographically.