gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variable hysteresis current control applied in a shunt active filter with constant switching frequency (2010)

Shunt active power filters (APF) are widely used in power systems to eliminate the current harmonics and to compensate reactive power due to their accurate and fast operation. In this paper the instantaneous power theory is used to extract the harmonic components of system current. Then fixed-band hysteresis current control is explained. Because of fixed-band variable frequency disadvantages, the adaptive hysteresis current control (AHCC) is introduced that leads to fix the switching frequency and reduce the high frequency components in source current waveform. Due to these advantages of AHCC, the switching frequency and switching losses will be diminished appropriately. Some simulations are done in Matlab/Simulink. The Fourier Transform and THD results of source and load currents and the instantaneous switching frequency diagram are discussed to prove the efficiency of this method. Some simulations are done in Matlab/Simulink. The Fourier Transform and THD results of source and load currents are discussed to prove the validity of this method.
Extending the Design Space of Graph Neural Networks by Rethinking Folklore Weisfeiler-Lehman (2023)

Message passing neural networks (MPNNs) have emerged as the most popular framework of graph neural networks (GNNs) in recent years. However, their expressive power is limited by the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Lehman (1-WL) test. Some works are inspired by $k$-WL/FWL (Folklore WL) and design the corresponding neural versions. Despite the high expressive power, there are serious limitations in this line of research. In particular, (1) $k$-WL/FWL requires at least $O(n^k)$ space complexity, which is impractical for large graphs even when $k=3$; (2) The design space of $k$-WL/FWL is rigid, with the only adjustable hyper-parameter being $k$. To tackle the first limitation, we propose an extension, $(k,t)$-FWL. We theoretically prove that even if we fix the space complexity to $O(n^k)$ (for any $k\geq 2$) in $(k,t)$-FWL, we can construct an expressiveness hierarchy up to solving the graph isomorphism problem. To tackle the second problem, we propose $k$-FWL+, which considers any equivariant set as neighbors instead of all nodes, thereby greatly expanding the design space of $k$-FWL. Combining these two modifications results in a flexible and powerful framework $(k,t)$-FWL+. We demonstrate $(k,t)$-FWL+ can implement most existing models with matching expressiveness. We then introduce an instance of $(k,t)$-FWL+ called Neighborhood$^2$-FWL (N$^2$-FWL), which is practically and theoretically sound. We prove that N$^2$-FWL is no less powerful than 3-WL, and can encode many substructures while only requiring $O(n^2)$ space. Finally, we design its neural version named N$^2$-GNN and evaluate its performance on various tasks. N$^2$-GNN achieves record-breaking results on ZINC-Subset (0.059), outperforming previous SOTA results by 10.6%. Moreover, N$^2$-GNN achieves new SOTA results on the BREC dataset (71.8%) among all existing high-expressive GNN methods.
NMDA receptor-dependent GABA B receptor internalization via CaMKII phosphorylation of serine 867 in GABA B1 (2010)

GABAB receptors are the G-protein-coupled receptors for GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABAB receptors are abundant on dendritic spines, where they dampen postsynaptic excitability and inhibit Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors when activated by spillover of GABA from neighboring GABAergic terminals. Here, we show that an excitatory signaling cascade enables spines to counteract this GABAB-mediated inhibition. We found that NMDA application to cultured hippocampal neurons promotes dynamin-dependent endocytosis of GABAB receptors. NMDA-dependent internalization of GABAB receptors requires activation of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which associates with GABAB receptors in vivo and phosphorylates serine 867 (S867) in the intracellular C terminus of the GABAB1 subunit. Blockade of either CaMKII or phosphorylation of S867 renders GABAB receptors refractory to NMDA-mediated internalization. Time-lapse two-photon imaging of organotypic hippocampal slices reveals that activation of NMDA receptors removes GABAB receptors within minutes from the surface of dendritic spines and shafts. NMDA-dependent S867 phosphorylation and internalization is predominantly detectable with the GABAB1b subunit isoform, which is the isoform that clusters with inhibitory effector K+ channels in the spines. Consistent with this, NMDA receptor activation in neurons impairs the ability of GABAB receptors to activate K+ channels. Thus, our data support that NMDA receptor activity endocytoses postsynaptic GABAB receptors through CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of S867. This provides a means to spare NMDA receptors at individual glutamatergic synapses from reciprocal inhibition through GABAB receptors.
Adaptive communication networks with privacy guarantees (2017)

Utilizing the concept of observability, in conjunction with tools from graph theory and optimization, this paper develops an algorithm for network synthesis with privacy guarantees. In particular, we propose an algorithm for the selection of optimal weights for the communication graph in order to maximize the privacy of nodes in the network, from a control theoretic perspective. In this direction, we propose an observability-based design of the communication topology that improves the privacy of the network in presence of an intruder. The resulting adaptive network responds to the intrusion by changing the topology of the network-in an online manner- in order to reduce the information exposed to the intruder.
A radial head prosthesis that aligns with the forearm axis of rotation: a retrospective multicenter study (2022)

Advancements in technique and devices and a better understanding of forearm kinematics have contributed to the improvement in outcomes following radial head arthroplasty. The results of radial head arthroplasty depend on the inherent variability of the proximal radial anatomy and on the subsequent difficulties in attaining anatomic positioning of the prosthesis. A monobloc prosthesis with an anatomical head that is aligned with the patient’s axis of forearm rotation has been recently introduced. We report the clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients across multiple centers who received this radial head implant with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. This was a multi-institution retrospective follow-up including 6 centers and multiple surgeons. A total of 114 cases were performed prior to July 20, 2019, of which 52 (46%) responded to request for follow-up. Data collected included Mayo Elbow Performance Score, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, major complications, and reoperations. Major complications were defined as any prosthesis-related event which may or may not have required reoperation. The mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 87.0 (range, 55-100), with 46% (24/52) scoring a 100. The mean VAS for pain at rest was 0.9 (range, 0-10), and the mean VAS for pain while unscrewing a bottle cap was 1.9 (range, 0-10). The mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 19.6 (range, 0-88.6). We recorded a total of 4 major complications, 3 of which required reoperations, for a rate of 7.6% and 5.7%, respectively. The current results, collected from 6 institutions and multiple surgeons, are comparable to those of other similar series for radial head prostheses. Our series had lower rates of complications and reoperations. There were no cases of stem loosening. The alignment of the radial head to the forearm axis of rotation may restore forearm kinematics. This design may lead to radiocapitellar contact pressures that are more physiologic in load transmission.
Species differences in the binding characteristics of [125I]IRL-1620, a potent agonist specific for endothelin-B receptors. (1994)

[125I]Tyr13-Suc-[Glu9,Ala11,15]-Endothelin-1 (8-21) ([125I]IRL-1620) displayed specific, saturable and high affinity binding to membranes prepared from rat and dog cerebellum, rat and human lung and cloned human endothelin-B (ETB) receptors. The apparent dissociation constant (Kd) for rat cerebellum, dog cerebellum, rat lung, human lung and human ETB clone were 69.1, 34.8, 128, 71.9, and 115 pM, respectively. The maximum binding (Bmax) to these membranes were 3.2, 0.71, 1.67, 1.85 and 62.3 pmol/mg of protein for rat cerebellum, dog cerebellum, rat lung, human lung and human ETB clone, respectively. Unlabeled endothelin-1 (ET-1), ET-3 and sarafotoxin 6c (S6c) displaced [125I]IRL-1620 binding to these membranes with similar affinity (IC50 = 0.1-2.5 nM), whereas cyclo(D-Trp,D-Asp,L-Pro,D-Val,L-Leu), a selective antagonist for ETA receptors, had no effect on [125I]IRL-1620 binding up to 1 microM. Time course experiments of association and dissociation indicated that [125]IRL-1620 binding to dog and human tissues and human ETB clone was rapid and reversible, whereas in rat tissues, the binding was rapid but irreversible, suggesting that this might be due to species difference. [125I]ET-1 binding was irreversible in all the tissues tested. No binding of [125I]IRL-1620 was detectable in rat vascular smooth muscle cells or cloned human ETA receptors. These data indicate that [125I]IRL-1620 is highly selective for ETB receptors and the reversible binding characteristics of this ligand appears to be species-dependent.
Ambient air pollution and health in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current evidence, perspectives and a call to action. (2019)

AAP and its negative health effects have been understudied in SSA compared with other continents. The limited direct measurements of air pollutants indicate that AAP in SAA cities is high compared with international standards. Efforts are needed to monitor AAP in African cities, to identify its main sources, and to reduce adverse health effects by enforcing legislation.
Modeling and preventing inferences from sensitive value distributions in data release1 (2012)

Data sharing and dissemination are becoming increasingly important for conducting our daily life activities. The main consequence of this trend is that huge collections of data are easily available and accessible, leading to growing privacy concerns. The research community has devoted many efforts aiming at addressing the complex privacy requirements that characterize the modern Information Society. Although several advancements have been made, still many open issues need to be investigated. In this paper, we consider a scenario where data are incrementally released and we address the privacy problem arising when sensitive non released properties depend on (and can therefore be inferred from) non-sensitive released data. We propose a model capturing this inference problem, where sensitive information is characterized by peculiar value distributions of non sensitive released data. We then describe how to counteract possible inferences that an observer can draw by applying different statistical metrics on released data. Finally, we perform an experimental evaluation of our solution, showing its efficacy.
The Impact of Angiogenesis in the Most Common Salivary Gland Malignant Tumors (2020)

Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) represent a group of rare tumors, with complete surgical resection being the main treatment option. Therapeutic armory for cases of locally aggressive, recurrent, and/or metastatic SGCs, though, remains poor since they exhibit high rates of resistance to systematic therapy. Angiogenesis is considered one of the contemporary hallmarks of cancer and anti-angiogenic factors have already been approved for the treatment of several cancer types. This review aims to summarize, in a histotype-specific manner, the most current available data on the angiogenic factors implicated in SGC angiogenesis, in order to highlight the differences between the most common SGC histotypes and the factors that may have a potential role as therapeutic targets.
MATERNAL AUTOANTIBODIES AS A POSSIBLE ASD-RISK BIOMARKER (2022)

Abstract Maternal autoantibody-related ASD (MAR ASD) is a subtype of autism in which pathogenic maternal autoantibodies (IgG) can cross the placenta, access the developing brain, and cause neurodevelopmental alterations and behaviors associated with autism in the exposed offspring. We previously reported maternal IgG response to eight proteins (CRMP1, CRMP2, GDA LDHA, LDHB, NSE, STIP1, and YBOX) and that reactivity two or more specific proteins (MAR ASD patterns) can be used to predict ASD risk in a discovery study. Objective In the current study, we aimed to validate the previously described MAR ASD patterns (CRMP1+GDA, CRMP1+CRMP2, NSE+STIP1, CRMP2+STIP1, LDHA+YBOX, LDHB+YBOX, GDA+YBOX, STIP1+YBOX, and CRMP1+STIP1) and their accuracy to predict ASD risk in a prospective cohort. Methods We used plasma from mothers of autistic children (ASD= 540) and general population controls (not verified as typically developing) (GP=420) collected by the Early Markers of Autism (EMA) study. We evaluated maternal IgG reactivity against each of the eight fetal brain proteins by ELISA and used Fisher Exact Test (p &amp;lt; 0.05) to compare the association for each pattern with child outcome (ASD vs GP). Results We found reactivity to at least one protein in more than 50% of the samples in the case and control groups, suggesting that reactivity to a single antigen is not diagnosis-specific. However, when we tested the nine previously identified MAR ASD patterns, we found highly-specific reactivity in 10% ASD group vs 1% of the GP controls and increased the odds for an ASD outcome nearly 8-fold (p&amp;lt; 0.001, OR 7.81, 95% CI from 3.32 to 22.43) demonstrating that the MAR ASD patterns are highly specific for the case group and could be used to assess ASD risk prior to symptoms. Supported by EPA2P01ES011269-11, 83543201, R01ES015359, NICHD funded IDDRC P50 (P50HD103526), CONACYT-UC MEXUS Doctoral Fellowships 2015.
External evaluation of population pharmacokinetic models for vancomycin in neonates (2018)

Abstract Introduction Numerous vancomycin population pharmacokinetic (PK) models of neonates have been published. We aimed to comparatively evaluate a set of these models by quantifying their model-based and Bayesian concentration prediction performances using an external retrospective dataset, and estimate their attainment rates in predefined therapeutic target ranges. Methods Implementations of 12 published PK models were added in the Bayesian dose optimisation tool, DosOpt. Model based concentration predictions informed by variable number of individual concentrations were evaluated using multiple error metrics. A simulation study assessed the probabilities of target attainment (PTA) in trough concentration target ranges 10–15 mg/L and 10–20 mg/L. Results Normalized prediction distribution error analysis revealed external validation dataset discordances (global P &lt; 0.05) with all population PK models. Inclusion of a single concentration improved both precision and accuracy. The model by Marques-Minana et al. (2010) attained 68% of predictions within 30% of true concentrations. Absolute percentage errors of most models were within 20-30%. Mean PTA with Zhao et al. (2013) was 40.4% [coefficient-of-variation (CV) 0.5%] and 62.9% (CV 0.4%) within 10–15 mg/L and 10–20 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion Predictive performances varied widely between models. Population based predictions were discordant with external validation dataset but Bayesian modelling with individual concentrations improved both precision and accuracy. Current vancomycin PK models achieve relatively low attainment of commonly recommended therapeutic target ranges.
Design and Implementation of a Current-balancing Circuit for LED Security Lights (2012)

This paper presents a current-balancing circuit for security lights that uses parallel-connected LEDs. The parallel connection of LEDs causes current differences between the LED strings because of characteristic deviations. These differences can reduce the lifespan of a particular point of LEDs by thermal spotting. They can also cause non-uniform luminance of the lighting device. Among the different methods for solving these problems, the method using current-balancing transformers makes it easy to compensate for current differences and it has a simple circuitry. However, while the balancing transformer has been applied to AC light sources, LEDs operate on a DC source, so the driving circuitry and the design method have to be changed and their performances must be verified. Thus in this paper, a design method of the balancing transformer network and the driving circuitry for LEDs is proposed. The proposed design method could have a smaller size than the conventional design method. The proposed circuitry is applied to three types of 100-watt LED security lights, which use different LEDs. Experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the designed driving circuits.
Performance Enhancement IQf DS-CDMA PCS C4llular Networks with Smart Antennas (1995)

This paper considers the performance of a OS-COMA system which employs adaptive antenna technology at the basestation site. By utilising the capability of ray-tracing to provide the complex channel impulse response, a new ray-based simulation methodology for an adaptive antenna in a DS-CDMA system is presen ted. Results for a typical microceUular environment highlight the behaviour of the adap tive antenna. Finally, with the help of a OS-COMA capacity analysis, the potential spectrum efficiency enhancement is evaluated.
Ninety Second Electrosynthesis of Palladium Nanocubes on ITO Surface and Its Application in Electrosensing of Cefotaxime (2014)

Abstract We describe ninety second electrosynthesis of uniform palladium nanocubes on ITO without any surfactants, templates or premodifications of ITO surfaces. The electrodeposition potential and concentration of palladium precursor are varied for the formation of Pd nanocubes. Electrosynthesized palladium nanocubes have been characterized by various techniques. Further electrosynthesized palladium nanocubes are employed in electrosensing of cefotaxime drug without using any redox mediator or enzyme. The developed amperometric electrochemical sensor under the optimum conditions is convenient and applicable for the determination of cefotaxime drug with a sensitivity of 2.724 µA/µM and 0.062 µM limit of detection at S / N (signal‐to‐noise ratio):3.
Poole-Frenkel Effect (2023)

These recommendations are specifically for polymers and polymer systems showing a significant response to an electromagnetic field or one of its components (electric field or magnetic field), i.e., for electromagnetic-field-responsive polymer materials. The structures, processes, phenomena and quantities relating to this interdisciplinary field of materials science and technology are herein defined. Definitions are unambiguously explained and harmonized for wide acceptance by the chemistry, physics, polymer and materials science communities. A survey of typical electromagnetic-field-responsive polymers is included.
Cover Picture: Which Is the Actual Catalyst: Chiral Phosphoric Acid or Chiral Calcium Phosphate? (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 22/2010) (2010)

Both are active, the chiral phosphoric acid and the chiral calcium phosphate. K. Ishihara and co-workers describe in their Communication on page 3823 ff. a highly enantioselective direct Mannich-type reaction of aldimines with a wide range of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The catalyst, a chiral phosphoric acid, is used in the presence or absence of CaII. The absolute stereoselectivity of the products without CaII is the opposite of that obtained with the calcium phosphate catalyst.
In vitro non-thrombogenicity of a thrombin-substrate-immobilized polymer surface by the inhibition of thrombin activity (1991)

Derivatives of thrombin substrate were synthesized and immobilized on a poly(acrylic acid)-grafted polyurethane film. The carboxyl terminal of the thrombin substrate peptide should be blocked for a higher inhibitory effect of the thrombin activity. Immobilization of the thrombin substrate peptide enhanced adsorption and inactivation of thrombin on the polymer film to prolong the time for fibrin network formation, and suppressed adhesion and deformation of platelets on the film. Consequently, in vitro thrombus formation on the polymer film was strongly suppressed.
Hybrid Logics and Model Checking: A Recipe for Query Processing in Location-Aware Environments (2008)

We introduce a novel approach to handle location- dependent query processing in location-aware environments. We define a hybrid logic-based query language by building a semantic model that benefits from the well- founded model checking techniques. Our language is defined by four modal operators; it can express common location-dependent queries, and has the ability to deal with relative locations. A prototype implementation of the query engine is also presented and will be discussed.
CHAPTER 1: Structure of Cereals (2010)

Cereals & Grains Association is a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the knowledge and understanding of cereal grain science through research leadership, education, superior technical service, and advocacy.
Pancreatitis After Surgery in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Incidence and Risk Factors (2002)

Acute pancreatitis has been documented as a postoperative complication in both the general surgery and orthopaedic literature. The etiology of pancreatitis in the postoperative orthopaedic population is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and possible predisposing factors for acute pancreatitis after scoliosis surgery in adolescent patients. This is a retrospective review of records and radiographs of patients undergoing surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis during a 3-year period from 1995 to 1997. Twelve of 80 patients reviewed had amylase and lipase blood levels analyzed because of abdominal symptoms. Twenty-two clinical and radiologic parameters were assessed in each patient. Seven patients (9%) had elevated serum lipase or amylase levels consistent with pancreatitis. The only statistically different parameters were age, height, body mass index, days of postoperative fasting, and hospital stay (pancreatitis patients were older and taller and had a lower body mass index, and their hospital stay was longer). Older age and lower body index mass were the only factors relating to postoperative pancreatitis.