gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin Resistance and the IGF-I-Cortical Bone Relationship in Children Ages 9 to 13 Years (2017)

IGF-I is a pivotal hormone in pediatric musculoskeletal development. Although recent data suggest that the role of IGF-I in total body lean mass and total body bone mass accrual may be compromised in children with insulin resistance, cortical bone geometric outcomes have not been studied in this context. Therefore, we explored the influence of insulin resistance on the relationship between IGF-I and cortical bone in children. A secondary aim was to examine the influence of insulin resistance on the lean mass-dependent relationship between IGF-I and cortical bone. Children were otherwise healthy, early adolescent black and white boys and girls (ages 9 to 13 years) and were classified as having high (n = 147) or normal (n = 168) insulin resistance based on the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Cortical bone at the tibia diaphysis (66% site) and total body fat-free soft tissue mass (FFST) were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), respectively. IGF-I, insulin, and glucose were measured in fasting sera and HOMA-IR was calculated. Children with high HOMA-IR had greater unadjusted IGF-I (p < 0.001). HOMA-IR was a negative predictor of cortical bone mineral content, cortical bone area (Ct.Ar), and polar strength strain index (pSSI; all p ≤ 0.01) after adjusting for race, sex, age, maturation, fat mass, and FFST. IGF-I was a positive predictor of most musculoskeletal endpoints (all p < 0.05) after adjusting for race, sex, age, and maturation. However, these relationships were moderated by HOMA-IR (p<sub>Interaction</sub> < 0.05). FFST positively correlated with most cortical bone outcomes (all p < 0.05). Path analyses demonstrated a positive relationship between IGF-I and Ct.Ar via FFST in the total cohort (β<sub>Indirect Effect </sub> = 0.321, p < 0.001). However, this relationship was moderated in the children with high (β<sub>Indirect Effect </sub> = 0.200, p < 0.001) versus normal (β<sub>Indirect Effect </sub> = 0.408, p < 0.001) HOMA-IR. These data implicate insulin resistance as a potential suppressor of IGF-I-dependent cortical bone development, though prospective studies are needed. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation as Ideal Green Chemistry (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Insulin Fused to Apolipoprotein A-I Reduces Body Weight and Steatosis in DB/DB Mice (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Targeting long-lasting insulins to the liver may improve metabolic alterations that are not corrected with current insulin replacement therapies. However, insulin is only able to promote lipogenesis but not to block gluconeogenesis in the insulin-resistant liver, exacerbating liver steatosis associated with diabetes. <b>Methods:</b> In order to overcome this limitation, we fused a single-chain insulin to apolipoprotein A-I, and we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this novel fusion protein in wild type mice and in db/db mice using both recombinant proteins and recombinant adenoassociated virus (AAV). <b>Results:</b> Here, we report that the fusion protein between single-chain insulin and apolipoprotein A-I prolonged the insulin half-life in circulation, and accumulated in the liver. We analyzed the long-term effect of these insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I or insulin fused to albumin using AAVs in the db/db mouse model of diabetes, obesity, and liver steatosis. While AAV encoding insulin fused to albumin exacerbated liver steatosis in several mice, AAV encoding insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I reduced liver steatosis. These results were confirmed upon daily subcutaneous administration of the recombinant insulin-apolipoprotein A-I fusion protein for six weeks. The reduced liver steatosis was associated with reduced body weight in mice treated with insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I. Recombinant apolipoprotein A-I alone significantly reduces body weight and liver weight, indicating that the apolipoprotein A-I moiety is the main driver of these effects. <b>Conclusion:</b> The fusion protein of insulin and apolipoprotein A-I could be a promising insulin derivative for the treatment of diabetic patients with associated fatty liver disease.
Zhang et al., 2020 (2020)

Table S1. Magnesium isotopic compositions of standards and samples from the Liuchapo Formation and Niutitang Formation, along with carbon isotopic compositions and total organic carbon of samples across the E-C boundary succession at the Bahuang section, South China. Table S2. Concentrations of some major elements, and K/Ti, Mg/Ti, Ca/Ti and Fe/Ti molar ratios, along with chemical index of alteration and Al/Ti, Al/Si ratios across the E-C boundary succession at the Bahuang section, South China.
Daily Disinfection of High-Touch Surfaces in Isolation Rooms to Reduce Contamination of Healthcare Workers' Hands (2012)

In a randomized nonblinded trial, we demonstrated that daily disinfection of high-touch surfaces in rooms of patients with Clostridium difficile infection and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization reduced acquisition of the pathogens on hands after contacting high-touch surfaces and reduced contamination of hands of healthcare workers caring for the patients.
Data from Nitric Oxide Boosts Chemoimmunotherapy via Inhibition of Acid Sphingomyelinase in a Mouse Model of Melanoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Cisplatin is one of the most effective anticancer drugs, but its severe toxic effects, including depletion of immune-competent cells, limit its efficacy. We combined the systemic treatment with cisplatin with intratumor delivery of dendritic cells (DC) previously treated &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; with a pulse of nitric oxide (NO) released by the NO donors (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;)-1-[2-(2-aminoethyl)-&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]-diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate or isosorbide dinitrate. We found that this chemoimmunotherapy, tested in the B16 mouse model of melanoma, was significantly more efficacious than cisplatin alone, leading to tumor regression and animal survival at low doses of cisplatin that alone had no effect. Tumor cure was not observed when combining cisplatin with DCs not exposed to NO donors, indicating the key role of the pretreatment with NO. We investigated the mechanisms responsible for the synergic effect of NO-treated DCs and cisplatin and found that NO-treated DCs were protected both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; from cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Cisplatin triggered DC apoptosis through increased expression and activation of acid sphingomyelinase; pretreatment of DCs with NO donors prevented such activation and inhibited activation of the downstream proapoptotic events, including generation of ceramide, activation of caspases 3 and 9, and mitochondrial depolarization. The effects of NO were mediated through generation of its physiologic messenger, cyclic GMP. We conclude that NO and NO generating drugs represent promising tools to increase the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapies &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, promoting the survival and increasing the function of injected cells by targeting a key pathway in cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. [Cancer Res 2007;67(16):7559–64]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The H-theorem and equation of state for kinetic model of imperfect gas (2018)

In the offered article, having used earlier constructed kinetic model for imperfect gas, the equation of state for such gas which takes place which is able in a thermodynamic equilibrium is received and also expression for critical temperature as functions is received from an interaction potential between molecules.
A Palindromic Alphabetic Insertion (1982)

An alphabetic insertion occurs when each letter of the alphabet is inserted in turn in the same position within an n-letter word, forming 26 new words of length n+1. Alphabetic insertions are extremely difficult to find, even for the simplest case in which letters are in tern inserted in the center of a two-letter word. As a practical matter, the only alphabetic insertions with any hope of success are those in which the original word consists of two vowels; letting x and y stand for vowels, the 26 words sought are of the form xay, xby, xcy, ... , xzy.
Reliability of pulse oximetry in hypoxic newborn pigs (2013)

Pulse oximetry was less reliable at SaO2-values below 60%. Tissue acidosis and reduced peripheral perfusion may have contributed to this. It is unknown whether the difference between SpO2 and SaO2 is clinically relevant.
Low-cost wideband periodic signal reconstruction using incoherent undersampling and back-end cost optimization (2012)

Acquisition of wide bandwidth signals is a significant problem in manufacturing test due to the cost of test equipment driven by the use of high-speed sample and hold circuitry and difficulty in data-clock synchronization. We propose to combine frequency interleaved down conversion (to overcome the bandwidth limitations of sample and hold circuitry) with incoherent undersampling (to overcome data-clock synchronization and ADC speed issues) to design a low cost instrumentation for high speed signal capture. A novel signal reconstruction algorithm is developed along with a method for calibrating the effects of unknown delays in data acquisition hardware due to mismatch in signal path lengths on the reconstructed signal. Simulation results and preliminary hardware validation prove the feasibility of the proposed technique.
Categorizing approaches combining rule‐based and case‐based reasoning (2007)

Abstract: Rule‐based and case‐based reasoning are two popular approaches used in intelligent systems. Rules usually represent general knowledge, whereas cases encompass knowledge accumulated from specific (specialized) situations. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, which are proved to be complementary to a large degree. So, it is well justified to combine rules and cases to produce effective hybrid approaches, surpassing the disadvantages of each component method. In this paper, we first present advantages and disadvantages of rule‐based and case‐based reasoning and show that they are complementary. We then discuss the deficiencies of existing categorization schemes for integrations of rule‐based and case‐based representations. To deal with these deficiencies, we introduce a new categorization scheme. Finally, we briefly present representative approaches for the final categories of our scheme.
Dictyostelium phenylalanine hydroxylase is activated by its substrate phenylalanine (2012)

We have studied the regulatory function of Dictyostelium discoideum Ax2 phenylalanine hydroxylase (dicPAH) via characterization of domain structures. Including the full-length protein, partial proteins truncated in regulatory, tetramerization, or both, were prepared from Escherichia coli as his-tag proteins and examined for oligomeric status and catalytic parameters for phenylalanine. The proteins were also expressed extrachromosomally in the dicPAH knockout strain to examine their in vivo compatibility. The results suggest that phenylalanine activates dicPAH, which is functional in vivo as a tetramer, although cooperativity was not observed. In addition, the results of kinetic study suggest that the regulatory domain of dicPAH may play a role different from that of the domain in mammalian PAH.
Closed loop spectral control of multiwavelength 1550 laser (2002)

The spectral flatness of multiwavelength emission from an InGaAsP semiconductor optical amplifier based ring laser is controlled by a programmable liquid crystal spatial light modulator based on spectrally monitoring the individual wavelength intensities of the laser output. Spectrally equal amplified output is also shown by pre-distorting the laser to account for amplifier spectral gain dependence.
Formation of Epitaxial Defects by Threading Screw Dislocations with a Morphological Feature at the Surface of 4º Off-Axis 4H-SiC Substrates (2013)

In this paper, we present the formation of extended epitaxial defects, such as carrot defects, from threading screw dislocations (TSDs) with a morphological feature at the surface of the substrates. It was confirmed using highly sensitive surface observation, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and KOH etching that the surface roughness around a TSD was observed as the morphological feature and TSDs with such a morphological feature formed extended epitaxial defects with high frequency of appearance compared to usual TSDs without any features. The density of TSDs with such morphological feature depended on the polishing methods. Furthermore, we observed that the formation and shapes of extended defects from TSDs with such morphological feature were affected by step-bunching at the surface of the epilayers.
Theoretical Investigation of the Low- and High-Temperature MOVPE of Zinc Selenide (2004)

The gas-phase chemistry active during the metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy of ZnSe from Zn(CH3)2 and H2Se gas-phase precursors was studied theoretically with quantum chemistry. MP2 and QCISD(T) theories were used to investigate reactions that take place at low temperatures, when nonlocal forces were found to play an important role, whereas at high temperatures calculations were performed using density functional theory. Kinetic constants for each reaction were determined with conventional transition-state theory. It was found that the reactions of formation of the H2Se−Zn(CH3)2, [Zn(CH3)2]2, [H2Se]2−Zn(CH3)2, and [Zn(CH3)2]2−H2Se clusters are exothermic by 4.6, 5.2, 9.9, and 12.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Equilibrium constants for the reactions of formation of the gas-phase clusters were determined using calculated energies and entropies. It was concluded that a significant amount of Zn(CH3)2 and H2Se is present the gas phase as a cluster at room temperature. The reactivity of clusters was compared with that of dissociated Zn(CH3)2 and H2Se, and it was found that reaction rates are enhanced because of the stabilization of transition states determined by increased electron donation to free d orbitals of Zn from Se molecules not directly taking part in the reaction process. The high-temperature process was found to differ substantially from the low-temperature one because of the presence of radicals generated at the growth surface, which can start a radical chain process that requires almost no activation energy. The validity of the gas-phase kinetic mechanisms here proposed was tested through a simulation of experimental reactors where the production of ZnSe gas-phase adducts was observed.
Structural virology. Near-atomic cryo-EM structure of the helical measles virus nucleocapsid. (2015)

International audience
Tensor-Train Recurrent Neural Networks for Video Classification (2017)

The Recurrent Neural Networks and their variants have shown promising performances in sequence modeling tasks such as Natural Language Processing. These models, however, turn out to be impractical and difficult to train when exposed to very high-dimensional inputs due to the large input-to-hidden weight matrix. This may have prevented RNNs' large-scale application in tasks that involve very high input dimensions such as video modeling; current approaches reduce the input dimensions using various feature extractors. To address this challenge, we propose a new, more general and efficient approach by factorizing the input-to-hidden weight matrix using Tensor-Train decomposition which is trained simultaneously with the weights themselves. We test our model on classification tasks using multiple real-world video datasets and achieve competitive performances with state-of-the-art models, even though our model architecture is orders of magnitude less complex. We believe that the proposed approach provides a novel and fundamental building block for modeling high-dimensional sequential data with RNN architectures and opens up many possibilities to transfer the expressive and advanced architectures from other domains such as NLP to modeling high-dimensional sequential data.
Transcriptome and hyperspectral profiling allows assessment of phosphorus nutrient status in rice under field conditions (2022)

Phosphorus (P) is one of the macronutrients indispensable for crop production, and therefore it is important to understand the potential of plants to adapt to low P conditions. We compared growth and leaf genome-wide transcriptome of four rice cultivars during growth between two fields with different amount of available phosphate and further analysed the acceptable range of P levels for normal growth from the view of both appearance traits and internal P nutrient status, which was measured by profiling the expression of the P indicator gene. This demonstrated that rice plants have a robustness to moderate P-deficient conditions expressing a system for P acquisition and usage without any effects on yield potential and that P indicator gene expression could be a useful index for early diagnosis of P status in plants. To develop a simple method for assessment of P status, we tried to predict the expression level using reflectance spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging, thereby providing models with good performance. Our findings suggest that rice plants have the potential to adapt to moderate low P conditions in the field and showed that the hyperspectral technique is one of the useful tools for simple measurement of molecular-level dynamics reflecting internal nutrient conditions.
Um modelo sistémico e integral de gestão da informação nas organizações (2005)

A presente comunicacao tem como principal objectivo a apresentacao de um novo Modelo de de Informacao, resultado da profunda pesquisa e reflexaodesenvolvidas em torno das tradicionais areas da Biblioteconomia e Arquivos, das suas praticas e pressupostos teoricos, bem como do afastamento progressivo, ao longo do sec. XX, da dos documentos face aos arquivos. Este modelo, que pretende apoiar as organizacoes nas respostas aos desafios decorrentes da expansao da Sociedadeda Informacao, sustenta-se no pensamento sistemico, holistico e complexo, encontrando a sua fundamentacao ontologica e epistemologica na Ciencia da Informacao. Narealidade, a Informacao e o objecto de estudo e de trabalho quer utilizemos tecnologias tradicionais ou digitais para a produzir, gerir, armazenar, difundir e preservar. Este e um novo paradigma que, para alem da sua formulacao teorica, ja conta com casos deestudo, nomeadamente o projecto de Gestao Integrada do Sistema de Informacao aplicado a gestao corrente da Câmara Municipal de Vila do Conde (Portugal), aqui apresentado e devidamente integrado no Modelo proposto.
Effects of a Prolonged-Release Formulation of Sometribove (n-Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin) on Jersey Cows (1992)

Milk production, feed efficiency, health, and reproduction were evaluated in 46 Jersey cows that received either 500 mg of sometribove (n-methionyl bST) in a prolonged-release formulation or an equivalent volume of excipient bi-weekly beginning at 60 +/- 3 DIM. Cows were fed a TMR for ad libitum intake and were milked twice daily. Treatment with sometribove increased 3.5% FCM production 5.3 kg/d (31.4%) over controls. Milk composition was not changed, except that milk P content averaged 51 ppm higher in bST-treated cows. Net energy intake was 4.8 Mcal/d (22.9%) higher in the bST-treated cows than in the controls. General health of all cows was good throughout the study, but the cows treated with bST had more cases of mastitis than did the control cows. The bST treatment produced localized reactions at the site of injection in some cows, but these reactions did not affect milk production. Sometribove treatment had no effect on reproductive performance; 85% of the treated and 100% of the control cows calved successfully. Treatment with bST for a full lactation did not affect performance during the initial 60 d of the subsequent lactation.
Oestrogen treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis requires 17β‐oestradiol‐receptor‐positive B cells that up‐regulate PD‐1 on CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (2012)

It is now well accepted that sex hormones have immunoregulatory activity and may prevent exacerbations in multiple sclerosis during pregnancy. Our previous studies demonstrated that oestrogen (17β-oestradiol; E(2) ) protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is mediated mainly through oestrogen receptor-α (ERα) and the membrane receptor G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) and is abrogated in the absence of B cells and the co-inhibitory receptor, Programmed Death-1 (PD-1). To critically evaluate the cell source of the E2 and PD-1 co-inhibitory pathways in EAE regulation, we assessed the requirement for ERs on transferred B cells and downstream effects on expression of PD-1/PD-ligand on CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in B-cell-replenished, E2-treated B-cell-deficient (μMT-/-) mice with EAE. The results clearly demonstrated involvement of ERα and GPR30 on transferred B cells that mediated the protective E2 treatment effect on EAE and further showed an E2-mediated B-cell-dependent up-regulation of PD-1 on CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells. These findings identify regulatory B-cell populations as key players in potentiating Treg-cell activity during E2-mediated protection against EAE.
Case report of recurrent temporomandibular joint open lock associated with abrupt reduction of displaced articular disk (2014)

TMJ open lock can occur following abrupt reduction of a displaced articular disk.
Petroleum contaminated soils (1989)

Part 1 Issues and perspectives. Part 2 State of research: petroleum release decision framework (PRDF), Phillip J. Ludvigsen, et al an update on a national survey of states regulatory policy - cleanup standards, Charles E. Bell, et al. Part 3 Analytical and environmental fate. Part 4 Remedial technologies: soil vapor extraction research developments, George E. Hoag, et al. Part 5 Risk assessment: a critical evaluation of indicator compound methodologies for no 2 fuel oil, Charles E. Gilbert and Edward J. Calabrese a toxicological assessment of unleaded gasoline contamination of drinking water, William R. Hartley and Edward V. Ohanian adult soil ingestion estimates, Edward J. Calabrese, et al. Part 6 Regulatory considerations. Glossary of acronyms. List of contributors.
Toward Governance of Cross-Cloud Application Deployment (2012)

In this article, the authors introduce the main ideas around the governance of cross-Cloud application deployment and their related concepts. It is argued that, due to the increasing complexity and nature of the Cloud market, an intermediary specialized in brokering the deployment of different components of a same application onto different Cloud products could both facilitate said deployment and in some cases improve its quality in terms of cost, security &amp; reliability and QoS. In order to fulfill these objectives, the authors propose a high level architecture that relies on their previous work on governance of policy &amp; rule driven distributed systems. This architecture aims at supplying five main functions of 1) translation of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and pricing into a common shared DSL, 2) correlation of analytical data (e.g. monitoring, metering), 3) combination of Cloud products, 4) information from third parties regarding different aspects of Quality of Service (QoS) and 5) cross-Cloud application deployment specification and governance.