gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic modeling and system identification for the lower body of a social robot with flexible joints (2011)

This paper investigates modeling and identification for the lower body of a social robot, Nancy, with flexible transmission. The flexible-joint and motor parameters of the rigid-link flexible-joint (RLFJ) model and the inertial parameters of the rigid model are identified in using the developed linear dynamic parametric model and the Weighted Least-Squares (WLS) technique. The comparison of these inertial parameters are examined identified by different trajectories. The identifiability of the inertial parameters is analyzed. The optimal excitation trajectories are produced with two optimal criteria for the RLFJ and rigid robot model. The performance of the Least-Squares (LS) estimator and WLS estimator is verified by numerical simulation for the RLFJ model and rigid model, respectively. The validity of the identified model is inspected in tracking control ability.
Open-Label, Dose Escalation Study of the Safety and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Tefibazumab in Healthy Volunteers (2005)

Tefibazumab (Aurexis) is a humanized monoclonal antibody being evaluated as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. This open-label, dose escalation study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of tefibazumab in 19 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 69 years. Each subject received a single administration of tefibazumab at a dose of 2, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of body weight infused over 15 min. Plasma samples for pharmacokinetic assessments were obtained before infusion as well as 1, 6, 12, and 24 h and 3, 4, 7, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days after dosing. Plasma concentrations of tefibazumab were detected 1 h after the end of the infusion, with a mean maximum concentration of drug in serum (C(max)) of 59, 127, 252, and 492 microg/ml following doses of 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. The median time to maximum concentration of drug in serum (T(max)) was 1.0 h for each dose. The mean elimination half-life (t(1/2)) was approximately 22 days. The volume of distribution (V) was 4.7, 6.7, 7.2, and 7.2 liters after doses of 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Clearance (CL) was 6.0, 9.2, 10.2, and 9.9 ml/hr, respectively. At the highest dose, plasma levels of tefibazumab were >100 microg/ml for 21 days. On day 56, the mean plasma concentrations were 6.3, 10.0, 16.4, and 30.5 microg/ml for the 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg doses, respectively. Tefibazumab exhibited linear kinetics across doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. No anti-tefibazumab antibodies were detected after dosing in any subject. There were no serious adverse events, and tefibazumab was well tolerated over the entire dose range.
Extended a Priori Probability (EAPP): A Data-Driven Approach for Machine Learning Binary Classification Tasks (2022)

The a priori probability of a dataset is usually used as a baseline for comparing a particular algorithm’s accuracy in a given binary classification task. ZeroR is the simplest algorithm for this, predicting the majority class for all examples. However, this is an extremely simple approach that has no predictive power and does not describe other dataset features that could lead to a more demanding baseline. In this paper, we present the Extended A Priori Probability (EAPP), a novel semi-supervised baseline metric for binary classification tasks that considers not only the a priori probability but also some possible bias present in the dataset as well as other features that could provide a relatively trivial separability of the target classes. The approach is based on the area under the ROC curve (AUC ROC), known to be quite insensitive to class imbalance. The procedure involves multiobjective feature extraction and a clustering stage in the input space with autoencoders and a subsequent combinatory weighted assignation from clusters to classes depending on the distance to nearest clusters for each class. Class labels are then assigned to establish the combination that maximizes AUC ROC for each number of clusters considered. To avoid overfit in the combined feature extraction and clustering method, a cross-validation scheme is performed in each case. EAPP is defined for different numbers of clusters, starting from the inverse of the minority class proportion, which is useful for a fair comparison among diversely imbalanced datasets. A high EAPP usually relates to an easy binary classification task, but it also may be due to a significant coarse-grained bias in the dataset, when the task is previously known to be difficult. This metric represents a baseline beyond the a priori probability to assess the actual capabilities of binary classification models.
Type II Diabetes, Glucose “Non-Sense,” and Islet Desensitization (1989)

A universal finding in hyperglycemic patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is that all share a common defect in glucose recognition resulting in abnormal insulin secretion by pancreatic islet beta-cells. This defect is 1) specific for glucose signals rather than global, 2) related to chronic hyperglycemia, and 3) partially reversible after brief treatment with insulin to induce normoglycemia and through use of other pharmacological agents without normalizing glucose levels. My perspective is that an essential component of this defect is secondary and may represent a state of homologous desensitization of the beta-cell secretory apparatus to glucose. Elucidation of the biochemical mechanism(s) of defective recognition of glucose signals by beta-cells--or glucose "non-sense"--in these patients will provide key insights into the pathogenesis of type II diabetes mellitus.
Detection of gastrin mRNA in human antral mucosa and digestive endocrine tumors by in situ hybridization: a correlative study with immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. (1992)

In gastrinomas, as well as in other endocrine tumors whose hormone overproduction is responsible for clinical syndromes, antibodies against the bioactive form(s) of hormones can fail to detect immunoreactivity. Moreover, tumor secretory granule morphology may fail to allow tumor type identification. The use of anti-pre-pro-gastrin antibodies has been proposed as an alternative to identify gastrinomas. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that in situ detection of gastrin mRNA may represent another possibility. A 35S-labeled cDNA probe encoding the human gastrin pre-pro-hormone was used to localize gastrin gene transcripts in antral mucosa and digestive endocrine tumors from patients with a Zollinger-Ellison syndrome characterized by high serum gastrin levels. In situ hybridization was combined with light and electron microscopic immunostaining of the bioactive gastrin 17/34 form and morphological study of secretory granules. Gastrin mRNAs were detected in antral gastrin cells and in a variable proportion of tumor cells in all endocrine tumor studied. Transcript expression correlated well with immunohistochemical staining and granule ultrastructure for most of the tumors, and provided crucial evidence for identifying as gastrinomas two tumors with weak immunoreactivity and poorly granulated cells. Our data show that in situ hybridization is a sensitive method for gastrin mRNA detection and represents a valuable tool for the identification of gastrinomas.
GCN5 maintains muscle integrity by acetylating YY1 to promote dystrophin expression (2021)

Protein lysine acetylation is a post-translational modification that regulates protein structure and function. It is targeted to proteins by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) or removed by lysine deacetylases. This work identifies a role for the KAT enzyme general control of amino acid synthesis protein 5 (GCN5; KAT2A) in regulating muscle integrity by inhibiting DNA binding of the transcription factor/repressor Yin Yang 1 (YY1). Here we report that a muscle-specific mouse knockout of GCN5 (Gcn5skm-/-) reduces the expression of key structural muscle proteins, including dystrophin, resulting in myopathy. GCN5 was found to acetylate YY1 at two residues (K392 and K393), disrupting the interaction between the YY1 zinc finger region and DNA. These findings were supported by human data, including an observed negative correlation between YY1 gene expression and muscle fiber diameter. Collectively, GCN5 positively regulates muscle integrity through maintenance of structural protein expression via acetylation-dependent inhibition of YY1. This work implicates the role of protein acetylation in the regulation of muscle health and for consideration in the design of novel therapeutic strategies to support healthy muscle during myopathy or aging.
Reduction of Surfactant Retention in Limestones Using Sodium Hydroxide (2018)

Summary Geochemical modeling was used to design and conduct a series of alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) coreflood experiments to measure the surfactant retention in limestone cores using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the alkali. Surfactant/polymer (SP) coreflood experiments were conducted under the same conditions for comparison. NaOH has been used for ASP floods of sandstones, but these are the first experiments to test it for ASP floods of limestones. Two studies performed under different reservoir conditions showed that NaOH significantly reduced the surfactant retention in Indiana Limestone. An ASP solution with 0.3 wt% NaOH has a pH of approximately 12.6 at 25°C. The high pH increases the negative surface charge of the carbonate, which favors lower adsorption of anionic surfactants. Another advantage of NaOH is that low concentrations of only approximately 0.3 wt% can be used because of its low molecular weight and its low consumption in limestones. Most reservoir carbonates contain gypsum or anhydrite, and therefore sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) will be consumed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). As shown in the two studies, NaOH can be used in limestone reservoirs containing gypsum or anhydrite.
Anti-neuropathic effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. terpenoid fraction: relevance of nicotinic receptors (2016)

Traditional uses and current results highlight the neuroprotective properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. The compelling need for novel strategies able to relieve neuropathic pain encouraged us to analyze different rosemary leaf extracts in rats following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve. Ethanol, acetone, and the innovative ultrasound-hexane extractive methods were used to obtain: EE, AE, and for hexane extracts UREprel and URE. Extracts were characterized in terms of typical constituents and repeatedly administered to CCI-rats (13-days treatment, from the day of surgery). URE showed the best efficacy and potency in reducing hypersensitivity to noxious- and non-noxious stimuli and spontaneous pain. URE contained the higher quantity of the terpenoid carnosic acid (CA) and its efficacy was compared to pure CA. Histological analysis of the sciatic nerve revealed that URE prevented axon and myelin derangement, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. In the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, URE did not reduce astrocyte activation. Both the pain reliever and the neuroconservative effects of URE were significantly prevented by the nicotinic receptor (nAChR) antagonist mecamylamine. In conclusion, the hexane-ultrasound rosemary extract is able to reduce neuropathic hypersensitivity and protect nervous tissues. Effectiveness is mainly related to the terpenoid fraction by mechanisms involving nAChRs.
Eddy-currrents and the Force Analysis for the Thermal Shields of the MICE Spectrometer Solenoids (2012)

was still not adequate. The cryogenic designs of the MICE and MuCOOL coupling magnets are quite different, but the lessons learned from the tests of the spectrometer magnets have affected the design of the coupling magnets.
Which Clustering Do You Want? Inducing Your Ideal Clustering with Minimal Feedback (2010)

While traditional research on text clustering has largely focused on grouping documents by topic, it is conceivable that a user may want to cluster documents along other dimensions, such as the author's mood, gender, age, or sentiment. Without knowing the user's intention, a clustering algorithm will only group documents along the most prominent dimension, which may not be the one the user desires. To address the problem of clustering documents along the user-desired dimension, previous work has focused on learning a similarity metric from data manually annotated with the user's intention or having a human construct a feature space in an interactive manner during the clustering process. With the goal of reducing reliance on human knowledge for fine-tuning the similarity function or selecting the relevant features required by these approaches, we propose a novel active clustering algorithm, which allows a user to easily select the dimension along which she wants to cluster the documents by inspecting only a small number of words. We demonstrate the viability of our algorithm on a variety of commonly-used sentiment datasets.
The use of a progesterone-releasing device (CIDR-B) or melengestrol acetate with GnRH, LH, or estradiol benzoate for fixed-time AI in beef heifers1 (2002)

The objective of this experiment was to compare two progestins and three treatments for synchronizing follicular wave emergence and ovulation in protocols for fixed-time AI in beef heifers. On d 0 (beginning of the experiment), Angus and Angus-Simmental cross beef heifers at random stages of the estrous cycle either received a CIDR-B device (n = 257) or were started on 0.5 mg x anima(-1) x d(-1) melengestrol acetate (MGA; n = 246) and were randomly assigned to receive i.m. injections of 100 microg GnRH, 12.5 mg porcine LH (pLH), or 2 mg estradiol benzoate (EB) and 50 mg progesterone (P4). The last feeding of MGA was given on d 6 and on d 7, CIDR-B devices were removed and all heifers received 500 microg cloprostenol (PG). Consistent with their treatment groups on d 0, heifers were given either 100 microg GnRH or 12.5 mg pLH 48 h after PG (and were concurrently inseminated) or 1 mg EB 24 h after PG and were inseminated 28 h later (52 h after PGF). Estrus rate (combined for both progestins) in heifers receiving EB (92.0%) was greater (P < 0.05) than that in heifers receiving GnRH and pLH (combined) and a CIDR-B device (62.9%) or MGA (34.3%). Although the mean interval from PG treatment to estrus did not differ among groups (overall, 47.8 h; P = 0.85), it was less variable (P < 0.01) in MGA-fed heifers (SD = 2.5 h) than in CIDR-B-treated heifers (SD = 8.1 h). Pregnancy rates (determined by ultrasonography approximately 30 d after AI) did not differ (P = 0.30) among the six treatment groups (average, 58.0%; range, 52.5 to 65.0%). Although fixed-time AI was done, pregnancy rates were greater in heifers detected in estrus than in those not detected in estrus (62.6 vs 51.9%; P < 0.05). In conclusion, GnRH, pLH, or EB treatment in combination with a CIDR-B device or MGA effectively synchronized ovulation-for fixed-time AI, resulting in acceptable pregnancy rates in beef heifers.
An Energy-Efficient Approach for Information Transfer from Distributed Wireless Sensor Systems (2006)

We present a method for reconfiguring the communication and computational burden between a system consisting of two subsystems: a wireless ground-based sensor network, and an overhead unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A small subset of sensor nodes receives and aggregates information gathered by the network, and forms a distributed antenna array, concentrating the radiated transmission into a narrow beam aimed towards the UAV. We describe and analyze two alternative strategies to bring the UAV and the sensor network's beam into alignment, while minimizing the energy expended by the sensor network. The performance of the two strategies is compared in terms of probability of beam-UAV alignment as a function of time, and the expected time to alignment. We examine the performance tradeoff between the choice of strategy and parameters of the sensor network that affect power conservation
Characterization and Event Specific-Detection by Quantitative Real-Time PCR of T25 Maize Insert (2005)

T25 is one of the 4 maize transformation events from which commercial lines have so far been authorized in Europe. It was created by polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation using a construct bearing one copy of the synthetic pat gene associated with both promoter and terminator of the 35S ribosomal gene from cauliflower mosaic virus. In this article, we report the sequencing of the whole T25 insert and the characterization of its integration site by using a genome walking strategy. Our results confirmed that one intact copy of the initial construct had been integrated in the plant genome. They also revealed, at the 5' junction of the insert, the presence of a second truncated 35S promoter, probably resulting from rearrangements which may have occurred before or during integration of the plasmid DNA. The analysis of the junction fragments showed that the integration site of the insert presented high homologies with the Huck retrotransposon family. By using one primer annealing in the maize genome and the other in the 5' end of the integrated DNA, we developed a reliable event-specific detection system for T25 maize. To provide means to comply with the European regulation, a real-time PCR test was designed for specific quantitation of T25 event by using Taqman chemistry.
PolyQ-independent toxicity associated with novel translational products from CAG repeat expansions (2020)

Expanded CAG nucleotide repeats are the underlying genetic cause of at least 14 incurable diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). The toxicity associated with many CAG repeat expansions is thought to be due to the translation of the CAG repeat to create a polyQ protein, which forms toxic oligomers and aggregates. However, recent studies show that HD CAG repeats undergo a non-canonical form of translation called Repeat-associated non-AUG dependent (RAN) translation. RAN translation of the CAG sense and CUG anti-sense RNAs produces six distinct repeat peptides: polyalanine (polyAla, from both CAG and CUG repeats), polyserine (polySer), polyleucine (polyLeu), polycysteine (polyCys), and polyglutamine (polyGln). The toxic potential of individual CAG-derived RAN polypeptides is not well understood. We developed pure C. elegans protein models for each CAG RAN polypeptide using codon-varied expression constructs that preserve RAN protein sequence but eliminate repetitive CAG/CUG RNA. While all RAN polypeptides formed aggregates, only polyLeu was consistently toxic across multiple cell types. In GABAergic neurons, which exhibit significant neurodegeneration in HD patients, codon-varied (Leu)38, but not (Gln)38, caused substantial neurodegeneration and motility defects. Our studies provide the first in vivo evaluation of CAG-derived RAN polypeptides in a multicellular model organism and suggest that polyQ-independent mechanisms, such as RAN-translated polyLeu peptides, may have a significant pathological role in CAG repeat expansion disorders.
13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) (2011)

The thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Prevenar 13(TM)) is the broader coverage successor to the highly effective seven valent vaccine (PCV7, Prevenar(TM)) which has reduced rates of pneumococcal disease in many countries. Despite the success of PCV7, pneumococcal disease due to non-PCV7 serotypes remains a threat in many settings, in particular many developing countries with a high burden of pneumococcal disease where serotype 1 and 5 are among the most common serotypes. Disease due to certain non-PCV7 serotypes, in particular serotype 19A has also begun to increase in incidence in countries with widespread use of PCV7. PCV13 consists of thirteen pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides individually conjugated to the diphtheria-derived protein carrier CRM(197). In addition to serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F included in PCV7, PCV13 also includes serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F and 19A. PCV13 was licensed on the basis of non-inferiority trials and has proved to be at least as safe and effective as PCV7. PCV13 replaced PCV7 in the childhood immunisation schedules of the USA and UK in 2010 and is being rolled out to an increasing number of developing countries during 2011. Here we review the current literature regarding this vaccine, describing safety, efficacy, global serotype coverage and use and future directions.
Second Harmonic Imaging of Corneas After Collagen Cross-Linking (2010)

Callistemon citrinus es una especie australiana muy usada como arbusto de flor en jardines y paisajismo en el área mediterránea debido a que presenta cierto grado de tolerancia al déficit hídrico. Sin embargo el estrés hídrico prolongado puede alterar el comportamiento fisiológico y morfológico de la planta. Plantas de C. citrinus creciendo en condiciones de vivero se sometieron a tres tratamientos de riego: un control regado diariamente a capacidad de campo y dos tratamientos deficitarios (riego deficitario moderado y riego deficitario severo), que corresponden al 50 y 25% del control, desde marzo de 2009 a abril de 2010.
HiPIMS ‐ Technologie und Anwendungsfelder (2009)

Abstract Seit der Einführung der planaren Magnetronkatode Mitte der siebziger Jahre hat die Magnetronzerstäubung fast alle Industriezweige, für die dünne Schichten eine Rolle spielen, im Sturm erobert. Zahlreiche Meilensteine wurden in den zurückliegenden 30 Jahren gesetzt. Zu den wichtigsten zählen sicher das Rohrmagnetron („CMAG”︁) und die Einführung gepulster Plasmen. Hochleistungs‐Impuls‐Magnetronsputtern ( HiPIMS ) oder auch Hochleistungs‐Puls‐Magnetronsputtern ( HPPMS ) ist ein weiterer innovativer Schritt zu Schichten mit neuer Qualität. HiPIMS nutzt Pulse im Megawattbereich, so dass an der Targetoberfläche Leistungsdichten von 1000 W/cm 2 und mehr erzeugt werden (konventionell: 20 – 50 W/cm 2 ). besonderen Vorteile der neuen Technik liegen darin, dass mit 50 – 90 % ein sehr hoher Anteil der am Substrat kondensierenden Spezies ionisiert ist, so dass herausragende Schichteigenschaften wie hohe Dichte, extrem glatte Oberflächen oder hohe Brechzahlen für optische Schichten erwartet werden können. en einer Einführung in das Thema hochionisierter Puls‐Plasmen wird das Potenzial dieser neuen Technologie an aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen im Bereich industrieller Entwicklung für verschiedene Branchen vorgestellt.
The United Kingdom 2009 Swine Flu Outbreak As Recorded in Real Time by General Practitioners (2011)

Background . Initially the course of the 2009 swine flu pandemic was uncertain and impossible to predict with any confidence. An effective prospective data resource exists in the United Kingdom (UK) that could have been utilized to describe the scope and extent of the swine flu outbreak as it unfolded. We describe the 2009 swine flu outbreak in the UK as recorded daily by general practitioners and the potential use of this database for real-time tracking of flu outbreaks. Methods . Using the General Practice Research Database, a real-time general practice, electronic database, we estimated influenza incidence from July 1998 to September 2009 according to age, region, and calendar time. Results . From 1998 to2008, influenza outbreaks regularly occurred yearly from October to March, but did not typically occur from April to September until the swine flu outbreak began in April 2009. The weekly incidence rose gradually, peaking at the end of July, and the outbreak had largely dissipated by early September. Conclusions . The UK swine flu outbreak, recorded in real time by a large group of general practitioners, was mild and limited in time. Simultaneous online access seemed feasible and could have provided additional clinical-based evidence at an early planning stage of the outbreak.