gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
F041002 The front of steel research : Ultrafine grained steel, fundamental research and application (2012)

The process development to manufacture ultrafine grained steels has, recently, become a hot topic for researc all over the world. Ultrafine structure can be fabricated by the concept of "high Z - large strain deformation". Z expresses Zener - Hollomn parameter. Based on this concept, warm multi-pass caliber rolling technology and continuous rolling process has been developed. The ultrafine grained steels produced by these processes show excellent strength - formability balance.
Modulating Fatty Acid Metabolism and the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway as a Target for Obesity Therapy (2005)

Obesity and its attendant disorders, such as Type 2 diabetes, have reached epidemic proportions globally. Despite significant advances in the understanding of appetite and satiety at molecular levels, practical therapies for weight loss remain a daunting problem. An approach that we have utilized is to identify pathways that alter cellular energy flux as a means to manipulate central and peripheral energy sensing. These studies indicate that several enzymes within metabolic pathways that regulate fatty acid metabolism may serve as targets for pharmacological interventions for obesity. We review studies that support the use of modulators of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) to influence known energy sensors such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to affect food intake and energy consumption. Substantial work in the past several years herein reviewed has centered on characterizing the effects of C75, a synthetic FAS inhibitor and CPT-1 stimulator, on feeding behavior and energy consumption. The collective effect of C75 is to cause profound anorexia and reversible weight loss beyond that accounted for by decreased food intake. In addition to physiological studies, mechanistic cellular and molecular studies have provided insight into mediators responsible for the anorexia. C75 increases ATP levels in many cell types, including neurons, to signal a favorable energy balance, which in turn inhibits hypothalamic AMPK, and alters gene expression in neurons and in peripheral tissues, further supporting weight loss. Compounds have been developed that selectively inhibit FAS and that selectively stimulate CPT-1 to permit further explorations into the contributions of these two pathways to energy sensing. Recent studies indicate that modulation of FAS/CPT-1 activities can affect a number of cellular processes, depending on cell type and physiological context, and thus these compounds may have implications for treating other CNS disorder as well.
Hydrolyzation of soybean isoflavone glucoside by solid acid catalyst (2004)

Soybean isoflavone glucoside can be hydrolyzed into isoflavone aglucone with methanol-water in a fixed bed filled with solid acid catalyst. The effects of temperature ,ratio of methanol to water,contact time on the percent conversion of isoflavone were studied.The optimum conditions are as following:ratio of solvent to extraction material is 1∶11, ratio of methanol to water is 1∶2, temperature of hydrolyzation is between 60℃ and 70℃.The conversion of isoflavone is as high as 90%, when hydrolyzed twice with methanol-water in a fixed bed filled.
Code de la route 2016, annoté et commenté Ed. 16 (2016)

Les + de l'edition 2016 du Code de la route Dalloz :

a jour des nouvelles dispositions en matiere de delivrance du permis de conduire, d’ethylotest electronique et de stationnement payant ;
a jour des lois Macron et transition energetique pour la croissance verte ;
un commentaire pratique actualise des textes, pour vous aider a comprendre le droit routier et a mesurer les implications de ses nombreuses evolutions ;
appendice riche de 28 rubriques qui concernent aussi bien les vehicules proprement dits que l'enseignement de la conduite, l'amnistie, les taxis et les voitures de tourisme avec chauffeur (VTC), le stationnement des caravanes ou les transports routiers ;
le Code de la route 2016 Dalloz est enrichi, commente, annote et mis a jour en continu sur smartphone, tablette et Internet (Android et iOS).

Depuis plus de 100 ans, les Codes Dalloz sont reconnus pour allier la simplicite de leur utilisation a l’objectivite de la selection des textes et a la rigueur de leur mise a jour. Excellence du texte, actualisation permanente, confort d’utilisation, gain de temps… Retrouvez tous les avantages des Codes Dalloz Edition classique avec cette nouvelle edition du Code de la route 2016 !
PDGF isoform-induced proliferation and receptor expression in human cultured airway smooth muscle cells (1996)

The effect of recombinant platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms (PDGF-AA, -BB and -AB) on mitogenesis of human cultured airway smooth muscle (ASM) was examined using the MTT-reduction assay and [3H]thymidine incorporation. Results were correlated with expression of PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-alpha and -beta subunits in the absence and presence of fetal calf serum (FCS). When FCS was absent PDGF-AB and -BB were potent mitogens, whereas PDGF-AA was weakly mitogenic, evoking <20% of the maximum response induced by the B-chain isoforms. When FCS (2.5%) was present, all PDGF isoforms stimulated marked ASM proliferation with similar efficacy and potency. Cross-competition binding analysis in FCS-deprived cells revealed that ASM cells in culture express mainly PDGFR-beta. Preincubation with PDGF-AA or PDGFR-alpha neutralizing antiserum abolished PDGF-AA binding and decreased total receptor number by approximately 15%. The ratio of PDGFR-alpha to beta subunits was approximately 1:8, supported by intense immunofluorescence staining for PDGFR-beta and weak staining for PDGFR-alpha. In parallel studies, uptake of [3H]thymidine stimulated by PDGF-AA, but not PDGF-AB or -BB, was inhibited by PDGFR-alpha immobilization. Western immunoblot analysis confirmed expression of mature PDGFR-alpha and -beta subunits in ASM cells. FCS did not cause any detectable increase in PDGFR-alpha expression or in PDGF-AA binding. These data support a role for PDGFR-beta mediating ASM mitogenesis during FCS-free conditions, but in the presence of FCS, both PDGFR-alpha and -beta subunits are linked to mitogenesis. The enhanced mitogenicity of PDGF-AA in the presence of FCS was independent of any detectable upregulation of PDGFR-alpha, suggesting that the inability of PDGF-AA to promote mitogenesis in the absence of FCS is not simply due to relative numbers of PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta.
종설 : 지방유래 중간엽줄기세포 (2008)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that proliferate in vitro as plastic-adherent cells, have fibroblast-like morphology, form colonies in vitro and can differentiate into bone, cartilage and fat cells. Recent studies have shown that MSCs can be differentiated into nonmesordermal lineages. Although MSCs can be isolated from every type of connective tissues, the abundance, the easy and repeatable access to subcutaneous adipose tissue and the simple isolation procedures indicate that adipose tissue can be a preferable candidate in MSC isolation for clinical application. Therefore, in this review, the isolation, characterization, preclinical and clinical application, and the mechanisms and future roles of ADSC in cell therapy are discussed. (J Korean Soc Transplant 2008;22:183-196)
Experimental Investigation of Combustion Dynamics in a High-Pressure Liquid-Fueled Swirl Combustor (2023)

Abstract In this paper, we present combustor acoustics in a high-pressure liquid-fueled rich burn—quick quench—lean burn (RQL) styled swirl combustor with two separate fuel circuits. The fuel circuits are the primary (which has a pressure atomizer nozzle) and secondary (which has an air blast type nozzle) circuits. The data were acquired during two dynamical regimes—combustion noise, where there is an absence of large amplitude oscillations during the unsteady combustion process, and intermittency, where there are intermittent bursts of high amplitude oscillations that appear in a near-random fashion amidst regions of aperiodic low amplitude fluctuations. This dynamic transition from combustion noise to combustion intermittency is investigated experimentally by systematically varying the fuel equivalence ratio and primary-secondary fuel splits. Typical measures such as the amplitude of oscillations cannot serve as a measure of change in the dynamics from combustion noise to intermittency due to the highly turbulent nature. Hence, recurrence plots and complex networks are used to understand the differences in the combustor acoustics and velocity data during the two different regimes. We observe that the combustor transitions from stable operation to intermittency when the equivalence ratio is increased for a given primary fuel flowrate and conversely when the percentage of secondary fuel flowrate is increased for a given equivalence ratio. The contribution of this work is to demonstrate methodologies to detect combustion instability boundaries when approaching them from the stable side in highly turbulent, noisy combustors.
Downregulation of the Deiminase PADI2 Is an Early Event in Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Indicates Poor Prognosis (2016)

Downregulation of PADI2 is an early event in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer associated with poor prognosis and points toward a possible role of citrullination in modulating tumor cells and their microenvironment. Mol Cancer Res; 14(9); 841-8. ©2016 AACR.
Structurally Integrated Embedded System (2011)

New additive manufacturing techniques such as Direct Write, combined with the continually decreasing size of electronic components has opened new application areas.One such application is the integration of electronic systems with an aircraft"s mechanical structure for the purpose of monitoring structural health and sensing the aerodynamic conditions surrounding the vehicle.Data from such a system could be provided to a flight control system to enable new control algorithms to address conditions such as gust loads or simply to improve fuel efficiency through minute attitude adjustments.This paper investigates structural integration techniques and demonstrates through laboratory experiments that the concept is feasible.
Paraneoplastic “stiff person syndrome” with metastatic adenocarcinoma and anti-Ri antibodies (2004)

A 43-year-old woman presented with clinical and electrophysiologic features of stiff person syndrome (SPS), without abdominal or lumbar paraspinal muscle involvement. Investigations revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung with positive anti-Ri antibodies. Her clinical condition improved with diazepam, baclofen, tizanidine, and palliative chemotherapy. Screening for an underlying malignancy and anti-Ri antibodies should be considered in patients with SPS when clinical presentation is atypical.
Adding Vancomycin to Perioperative Prophylaxis Decreases Deep Sternal Wound Infections in High-risk Cardiac Surgery Patients (2016)

Objectives: Cephalosporin perioperative prophylaxis reduces sternal wound infections (SWI) after cardiac surgery. However, ≥50% of coagulase negative staphylococci, a major pathogen, is resistant to cephalosporins in our region. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of adjunctive vancomycin on SWIs in a high-risk patient population.
Reduction of Steroidal Enamines (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of Steroidal EnaminesJames A. Marshall and William S. JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 2, 421–423Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01037a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01037a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views662Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the equivalence of generalized concatenated codes and generalized error location codes (2000)

We show that the generator matrix of a generalized concatenated code (GCC code) of order L consists of L submatrices, where the lth submatrix is the Kronecker product of the generator matrices of the lth inner code and the lth outer code. In a similar way we show that the parity-check matrix of a generalized error location code (GEL code) of order L consists of L submatrices, where the lth submatrix is the Gronecker product of the parity-check matrices of the lth inner code and the lth outer code. Then we use these defining matrices to show that for any GCC code there exists an equivalent GEL code and vice versa.
Performance Analysis of Next Generation Mobility Protocols for IMS/MMD Networks (2008)

In an effort to provide seamless mobility support in IMS/MMD networks, operators need to choose a specific IP- based mobility protocol. However, there are several micro- and macro-mobility protocols available that the operators can choose from. Operators often face the challenges of selecting the appropriate mobility protocol that can provide the most cost efficient solution under a specific operating environment. Thus, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of these protocols before they are actually deployed in the IMS/MMD networks. In this paper, we analyze a number of candidate mobility protocols and conduct a performance analysis of some of these using a prototype implementation in an IPv6-based IMS/MMD testbed. These analyses provide us with some guidelines in terms of the applicability of these protocols when operators plan to deploy their IMS/MMD networks.
Foaming of PLA-based Biocomposites by Supercritical CO2 Assisted Batch Process : Effect of Processing and Cellulose Fibres on Foam Microstructure (2021)

International audience
Fecal shedding of coliform bacteria during the periparturient period in dairy cows (2000)

Cows may have large increases in fecal coliform bacteria count during the periparturient period; however, periparturient cows do not continually shed high numbers of coliform bacteria, and coliform bacteria may not always be detectable by conventional culture methods. Changes in fecal coliform bacteria count did not correlate with changes in dry-matter intake.
Acute pulmonary response to intravenous histamine using forced oscillations through alveolar capsules in dogs (1994)

We measured the time course of alveolar input impedance using two alveolar capsule oscillators after intravenous bolus administration of 20 mg of histamine in open-chest dogs. Impedances (24-200 Hz) were obtained every 2 s after an injection for 100 s. Each impedance was fit with a model consisting of a pathway (with resistance and inertance) leading from the alveolar capsule into a subpleural region (with elastance EA) that, in turn, was connected to the lung compartment (consisting of the remainder of the lung and positive end expiratory pressure system) via another pathway (with resistance RA). In all cases (6 dogs, 2 capsules each), the resistance and inertance leading from the alveolar capsules were negligible. The correlation of the relative increases in RA obtained from the two capsule oscillators in each dog was not significant. The correlation for EA also was not significant. The times at which RA achieved values of 20% greater than baseline were not significantly correlated between the two capsules, as was the case for EA. However, the baseline values of EA and RA from a given capsule were significantly correlated, as were their fractional increases with histamine. These results show that both the magnitude and timing of changes in local lung resistance and elastance are spatially extremely heterogeneous.
[Tissue variability of androgen receptor gene in bulbospinal muscular atrophy--comparison of the number of CAG repeats between muscles and peripheral blood leukocytes]. (1993)

We investigated an expansion of CAG repeats in exon 1 of androgen receptor gene in skeletal muscle tissue obtained from the patients with various neuro-muscular disorders (5 BSMA, 33 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 3 patients with spinal progressive muscular atrophy and 2 patients with hereditary motor sensory neuropathy), by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification according to LaSpadas' description. These muscle tissues had been stored at -70 degrees C freezer during 7 years. We also studied the tissue variation of CAG repeats size between muscles and peripheral blood leukocytes in 4 patients with BSMA. And we confirmed the increased number of CAG repeats in all 5 BSMA except for other patients with neurogenic muscular atrophy. In the 4 BSMA patients, we subcloned the PCR products from muscles tissues and peripheral blood leukocytes, and we determined the number of CAG repeats by sequencing. The repeats of them were 43-51, and all BSMA patients showed the same number of CAG repeats in muscles tissues and peripheral blood leukocytes. The CAG repeats fragment of BSMA may be stable region in frozen storage state for 7 years, and we didn't recognized the somatic variation at least between muscles tissues and peripheral blood leukocytes.
Ultrahigh-speed driverless MQW intensity modulator, and 20 Gbit/s, 100 km transmission experiments (1992)

An InGaAs/InAlAs MQW modulator with the low voltage of 1.5 V for 10 dB extinction ratio and 16 GHz bandwidth has been developed. This ultrahigh-speed modulator enables the modulator driver to be eliminated from the transmitter. 100 km transmission experiments have been carried out using either a 1 V peak to peak output monolithic-IC-driven modulator at 15 Gbit/s or a 2 V peak to peak output multiplexer-driven modulator at 20 Gbit/s. This is the first report on multigigabit operation of MQW modulators to the authors&apos; knowledge.
FOXO3 programs tumor-associated DCs to become tolerogenic in human and murine prostate cancer (2011)

The limited success of cancer immunotherapy is often attributed to the loss of antigen-specific T cell function in situ. However, the mechanism for this loss of function is unknown. In this study, we describe a population of tumor-associated DCs (TADCs) in both human and mouse prostate cancer that tolerizes and induces suppressive activity in tumor-specific T cells. In tumors from human prostate cancer patients and transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, TADCs expressed elevated levels of FOXO3 and Foxo3, respectively, which correlated with expression of suppressive genes that negatively regulate T cell function. Silencing FOXO3 and Foxo3 with siRNAs abrogated the ability of human and mouse TADCs, respectively, to tolerize and induce suppressive activity by T cells. Silencing Foxo3 in mouse TADCs was also associated with diminished expression of tolerogenic mediators, such as indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, arginase, and TGF-β, and upregulated expression of costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Importantly, transfer of tumor-specific CD4+ Th cells into TRAMP mice abrogated TADC tolerogenicity, which was associated with reduced Foxo3 expression. These findings demonstrate that FOXO3 may play a critical role in mediating TADC-induced immune suppression. Moreover, our results identify what we believe to be a novel target for preventing CTL tolerance and enhancing immune responses to cancer by modulating the immunosuppressive activity of TADCs found in the tumor microenvironment.
Fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer tip accelerometer fabricated by laser-micromachining (2011)

A novel fiber-optic tip accelerometer based on Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometer is proposed and demonstrated, with potential to operate under high temperature, in this paper. Such a tip accelerometer is directed fabricated on a large cladding fiber end by using the 157nm laser-micromachining technology. With the calibration of a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer, the sensitivity of such a fiber-optic F-P accelerometer is 1.764 rad/g. The minimum detective acceleration is estimated to be 20&#956;g.
Area dependence of chirped-pulse stimulated Brillouin scattering: implications for stored light and dynamic gratings (2015)

Brillouin dynamic gratings have applications ranging from sensing to slow and stored light. When transform-limited pump pulses are used, the grating strength and the efficiency of light storage and retrieval are a periodic function of pulse area and can be zero for areas that are an integer multiple of &#x3C0;. In this paper the dependence of the dynamic grating strength and retrieval efficiency on pulse area is investigated for chirped pulses. It is found that the presence of chirp relaxes the requirement imposed on the pulse area that it be an odd multiple of &#x3C0;/2 for maximum efficiency. Analytical results are presented for the dependence of grating strength on the pulse area for both chirped and unchirped pulses. A comparison is made with the analogous process of adiabatic rapid passage in two-level atomic systems.
A Study on the Analysis of CO2 Emissions of Apartment Housing in the Construction Process (2018)

Recent research in the construction industry has focused on the reduction of CO2 emission using quantitative assessment of building life. However, most of this research has focused on the operational stage of a building’s life cycle. Few comprehensive studies of CO2 emissions during building construction have been performed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the CO2 emissions of an apartment housing during the construction process. The quantity of CO2 emissions associated with the utilization of selected building materials and construction equipment were used to estimate the CO2 emissions related to the apartment housing life cycle. In order to set the system boundary for the construction materials, equipment, and transportation used, 13 types of construction work were identified; then the CO2 emissions produced by the identified materials were calculated for each type of construction work. The comprehensive results showed that construction work involving reinforced concrete accounted for more than 73% of the total CO2 emissions. The CO2 emissions related to reinforced concrete work was mainly due to transportation from the supplier to the construction site. Therefore, at the time that reinforced concrete is being supplied, shipping distance and fuel economy management of concrete transportation vehicles should be considered thoroughly for significant reduction of CO2 emissions.