gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MULTISTABLE FIBRE-REINFORCED COMPOSITES WITH CUTOUTS (2003)

During the manufacturing process and operating conditions of multilayered fibre-reinforced composites with variable fibre orientations, residual stresses build up due to the directional expansion of the unidirectionally reinforced single layers. Dependent on the laminate lay-up, these inhomogeneous residual stresses, which are primarily caused by thermal effects, moisture absorption and chemical shrinkage, can lead to large multistable out-of-plane deformations in the case of asymmetric laminates. For the calculation of the laminate deformations and the residual stresses especially around a notch, a dimensioning tool based on a modified stability analysis in combination with stress concentration model has been developed. A solution method has been developed for stress concentration problems of fibre-reinforced compounds based on the method of complex-valued stress function combined with conformal mappings. Using this method, stress and displacement fields of anisotropic multilayered plates with cut-out can be calculated. For finite boundary the solution is analytically continued from the inner boundary to the rest of the plate. The remaining unknowns are obtained semi-analytically using a combination of boundary collocation method and least squares method. As the computation examples demonstrate, this analytical approach is markedly superior to a finite element analysis. Podczas procesu produkcyjnego w kompozytach o zmiennej orientacji warstw powstają naprezenia wlasne w wyniku kierunkowego rozszerzenia sie jednoosiowych warstw zbrojnych. Te niejednorodne naprezenia wlasne są glownie przyczyną efektow termicznych, absorpcji wilgoci i skurczu chemicznego. Mogą one w zalezności od budowy laminatow prowadzic do duzych, wielostabilnych nieplaskich stanow odksztalcen oraz generacji naprezen wlasnych, zwlaszcza w okolicach karbu. Do rozwiązywania tych zagadnien stosuje sie metody bazujące na zmodyfikowanej analizie stabilności w polączeniu z modelem naprezen wokol karbu. Opracowana zostala metoda do analizy problemow związanych z koncentracją naprezen we wzmacnianych wloknami komponentach, oparta na zlozonych funkcjach naprezen polączonych z odwzorowaniami komformalnymi. Uzycie tej metody pozwala na wyznaczenie wartości naprezen i przemieszczen wielowarstwowej plyty anizotropowej z wycieciem. Dla plyty o wymiarach skonczonych mozna od granicy otworu analitycznie wyprowadzic warunki dla calej plyty. Wszystkie inne zmienne mozna uzyskac cześciowo analitycznie, uzywając kombinacji metody kolokacyjnej oraz metody najmniejszych pierwiastkow. Jak pokazano w przykladzie obliczonym numerycznie, zaprezentowane analityczne podejście pozwala uzyskac znacząco lepsze wyniki niz te wyznaczone przez metode elementow skonczonych.
Dynamic and Flexible OFDM System Based on Joint Coded Modulation (2020)

An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) interconnected transmission system employing joint modulation of variable-order constellation compression and probabilistic shaping is proposed in this paper. In the proposed system, constant composition distribution matcher (CCDM) is utilized to implement probabilistic shaping, and fixed symbol-level label method is adopted to achieve the constellation compression. The coded modulation schemes can be adjusted dynamically according to the diversified traffic requirement of the users, in a bid to enhance the network utilization and provide effective end-to-end services. So far, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that probabilistic shaping and constellation compression modulation have been simultaneously applied to an interconnection system to achieve real-time self-tuning of transmission performances. Moreover, experimental verifications are successfully carried out by setting up a 25 km intensity-modulation/direct-detection interconnection transmission system. The results show lower bit error rate with flexible coding capability, indicating a high-potential transmission solution for the future optical communication.
Study on 3D Technology Application in Art Design (2015)

Computer 3D technology is the core content of interactive graphic, which is a grid science to calculate, process and display 3D graphic through algorithm. From the digital-processing 3D graphic establishes a set of systematic module database using computer graphic and coding, through which to realize the interactive design that using 3D to replace 2D and using virtual to replace reality. Meanwhile it also creates shot motion that cannot be obtained by traditional methods and dynamic integration of space 3D visualization. Therefore, computer 3D technology achieves wild and in-depth application in model construction, 3D website, and animation, etc.
RFID Based Automatic Shopping Cart (2011)

Large grocery stores are nowadays used by millions of people for the acquisition of an enlarging number of products. Product acquisition represents a complex process that comprises time spent in corridors, product location and checkout queues. On the other hand, it is becoming increasingly difficult for retailers to keep their clients loyal and to predict their needs due to the influence of competition and the lack of tools that discriminate consumption patterns. In this article it is presented the proposal of an architecture and solution of an innovative system for the acquisition of products in grocery stores (Intelligent Cart). The Intelligent Cart explores emerging mobile technologies and automatic identification technologies (such as RFID) as a way to improve the quality of services provided by retailers and to augment the consumer value thus allowing to save time and money. Keywords: Automatic Product Identification; Electronic Services; Grocery Stores, RFID, Intelligent cart
Impact of Tree Clearing on Soil Respiration and Soil Microbial Biomass in Pasture Systems of Central Queensland, Australia (2006)

Forest clearing, a topical issue the world over, historically occurred at a high rate in Queensland to ostensibly increase pasture production. Our research evaluates the impact of clearing on selected soil biological properties (i.e. total soil respiration, root respiration, microbial respiration and microbial biomass (C and N)). Three major woodland communities of central Queensland region i.e. Eucalyptus populnea, E. melanophloia and Acacia harpophylla were selected for paired comparisons between sites that had, or had not, been cleared of trees to develop land for exotic pastures. The cleared sites representing three different time periods since clearing (5, 11-13 and 33 years) were used to determine the temporal impact of clearing on soil biological properties. Cleared and uncleared sites did not differ in annual or seasonal rates of soil respiration. The average annual rate of CO2 emission across all treatments was 0.11 g CO2/m2.h. Microbial respiration and microbial biomass (measured in January 2002) were, however, greater at uncleared than at cleared sites and conversely, root respiration (for roots from herbaceous plants) was greater at cleared than uncleared site. The Q10 value of 1.42 (measured for different seasons over a year) suggested some response of soil respiration to soil temperature, which is less compared to that in temperate climates possibly due to the limited availability of soil moisture or organic matter in the semi-arid climates of central Queensland.
8′-Aminoguanosine Inclusion Results in Enhanced Efflux of Taurine in Preconditioned Ischemic Myocardium (2003)

Attenuated purine levels are characteristic findings of ischemic preconditioning (PC). Lower energy demand in PC myocardium leading to less nucleotide decay is a reasonable explanation. However, experimental data suggest that the activities of the enzymes involved in purine metabolism are increased in PC myocardium. Recently it was suggested that PC favored degradation of exogenous adenosine to inosine successively ending up in enhanced lactate production. This was probably because of the involvement of the hexose monophosphate pathway in the PC ischemic myocardium. This route may therefore be supplementary in energy metabolism as a metabolic flow can be started by adenosine ending up in lactate without initial adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) investment. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is a key enzyme in the proposed metabolic route. In the current study the effect of PNP inhibition (with 8'-aminoguanosine) on myocardial energy metabolism during PC was studied in an open chest porcine heart model using the microdialysis technique. A dose-dependent inhibition of PNP by 8'-aminoguanosine was observed in PC myocardium. This inhibition resulted in an enhanced exodus of taurine reflecting a disturbed energy economy of the cardiomyocytes. Addition of inosine being a true substrate of PNP reversed these changes, which indicated that 8'-aminoguanosine was a competitive inhibitor of PNP. It is concluded that the ischemic PC phenomenon at least partly involves the activated enzyme PNP.
Density Measurement Methods for Acceptance of Bituminous Mixtures: Survey of Practice (2010)

A survey of all U.S. state and Canadian provincial departments of transportation (DOTs) was conducted to gather information about current practices related to acceptance of bituminous mixtures based on field density measurements. The objective of this paper was to document and synthesize the current methods used by each DOT and determine its perspective on the current/future use of nonnuclear gauges. A total of 34 responses were received. In addition, an Internet search was performed to determine the methods used by those U.S. state DOTs that did not respond. Four in-situ bituminous mixture density measurement methods were identified through the survey: collection of cores/plugs only, nuclear density gauges only, nuclear density gauges plus cores/plugs, and nuclear/nonnuclear density gauges plus cores/plugs. In-place core density measurements were found to be the most common method for accepting density. Some regional trends were observed in the responses. More than 50% of the respondents have investigated the use of nonnuclear density gauges. Responses from states that use nonnuclear gauges were grouped together and compared to identify common factors in allowing these gauges. Two important conclusions can be drawn from this study: (1) given the variation in responses, some of which were contrary to published research, there is a need for a coordinated national study investigating the methods used to determine and accept in-situ bituminous mixture density, and (2) there is a general interest in employing nonnuclear technologies for bituminous mixture density acceptance.
A transformational approach to multi-device interfaces (2005)

Using the same application on different devices requires the user to perform a mental transformation in order to adapt his knowledge to a new platform. In this work we describe how this process can be employed in multi-device development.
Low phase noise K-Band oscillator on organic Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) substrate (2010)

In this paper, for the first time, a reflection type K-band oscillator, on low-cost Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), organic substrate, is presented. The oscillation frequency is determined by a λ/2 microstrip resonator coupled to a microstrip line. The measured phase noise and power output of the oscillator are found to be -108 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and -6 dBm respectively, for an oscillating frequency of 25.6 GHz.
Nonlinear System Identification and Analysis with Applications to Power Amplifier Modeling and Power Amplifier Predistortion (2004)

Power amplifiers (PAs) are important components of communication\nsystems and are inherently nonlinear. When a non-constant modulus\nsignal goes through a nonlinear PA, spectral regrowth (broadening)\nappears in the PA output, which in turn causes adjacent channel\ninterference (ACI). Stringent limits on the ACI are imposed by\nregulatory bodies, and thus the extent of the PA nonlinearity must\nbe controlled. PA linearization is often necessary to suppress\nspectral regrowth, contain adjacent channel interference, and\nreduce bit error rate (BER). This dissertation addresses the\nfollowing aspects of power amplifier research: modeling,\nlinearization, and spectral regrowth analysis.\n\n\nWe explore the passband and baseband PA input/output relationships\nand show that they manifest differently when the PA exhibits\nlong-term, short-term, or no memory effects. The so-called\nquasi-memoryless case is especially clarified. Four particular\nnonlinear models with memory are further investigated. We provide\nexperimental results to support our analysis.\n\n\nThe benefits of using the orthogonal polynomials as opposed to the\nconventional polynomials are explored, in the context of digital\nbaseband PA modeling and predistorter design. A closed-form\nexpression for the orthogonal polynomial basis is derived. We\ndemonstrate the improvement in numerical stability associated with\nthe use of orthogonal polynomials for predistortion.\n\n\n\nSpectral analysis can help to evaluate the suitability of a given\nPA for amplifying certain signals or to assist in predistortion\nlinearization algorithm design. With the orthogonal polynomials\nthat we derived, spectral analysis of the nonlinear PA becomes a\nstraightforward task. We carry out nonlinear spectral analysis\nwith digitally modulated signal as input. We demonstrate an\nanalytical approach for evaluating the power spectra of filtered\nQPSK and OQPSK signals after nonlinear amplification.\n\n\n\nMany communications devices are nonlinear and have a peak power or\npeak amplitude constraint. In addition to possibly amplifying the\nuseful signal, the nonlinearity also generates distortions. We\nfocus on signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) optimization\nwithin the family of amplitude limited memoryless nonlinearities.\nWe obtain a link between the capacity of amplitude-limited\nnonlinear channels with Gaussian noise to the SNDR.
Effects of environmental factors and agronomic and storage practices on quality of sugarbeet (1976)

The sugarbeet is an herbaceous dicotyledon. The annual world production of sugarbeet exceeds 200 million tons. It supplies 40% of the world's sugar. The sugarbeet, a biennial, normally completes its vegetative cycle in 2 years. During the first year it develops a large succulent root, in which reserve food sugar is stored. During the second year it produces flowers and seeds. Favorable environmental conditions and proper agronomic practices (such as temperatures, climate, day length, fertilization, disease control, control of late growth) are essential for producing high sugar and less impure sugarbeet. Proper nitrogen fertilization increases the yield, but decreases the sugar percentage and juice purity of sugarbeet. Nitrate is the principle source of nitrogen used by sugarbeets. Nitrate uptake and metabolism require energy which is derived at the expense of sugar accumulation. Glutamine in sugarbeet is synthesized mainly in the roots and is transported to the leaves. Estimation and application of the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer early in the season would allow nitrogen depletion in the root zone by the time of beet root ripening. Growth of the top of the sugarbeet at the time of ripening of the roots has been successfully controlled by the use of some chemicals such as maleic hydrazide, pyrocatechol, and vanadyl sulfate. In most beet‐growing areas, harvest periods are short and sugarbeet storage is necessary. Also, sugarbeet acreage and yields, in the past 25 years, have increased greatly without a corresponding increase in daily factory processing capacity. An increasing percentage of each year's crop must be stored for a considerable time period before processing. More than 30 million dollars is lost annually in the United States and Canada because of sucrose losses and spoilage during the storage of sugarbeet after harvest. The harvested beet is composed of living tissues that must remain alive or resist spoilage. During storage, respiration continues and sucrose, the reserve substrate, is metabolized to carbon dioxide and water with liberation of heat. The heat of respiration given off by stored beets stimulates undesirable biochemical transformation of sucrose. The loss can be substantial, particularly at higher storage temperatures. With the advances of modern technology and proper storage practices, certain success has been attained in controls of sugar loss and spoilage of sugarbeet during storage. These include forced ventilation of beet piles, fungicide treatment, controlled atmosphere storage, modified atmosphere storage, and use of metabolic inhibitors and waxing.
Template-Based Privacy Preservation in Classification Problems (2006)

In this paper, we present a template-based privacy preservation to protect against the threats caused by data mining abilities. The problem has dual goals: preserve the information for a wanted classification analysis and limit the usefulness of unwanted sensitive inferences that may be derived from the data. Sensitive inferences are specified by a set of "privacy templates". Each template specifies the sensitive information to be protected, a set of identifying attributes, and the maximum association between the two. We show that suppressing the domain values is an effective way to eliminate sensitive inferences. For a large data set, finding an optimal suppression is hard, since it requires optimization over all suppressions. We present an approximate but scalable solution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach on real life data sets.
A haploid affair: core histone transitions during spermatogenesis (2003)

The process of meiosis reduces a diploid cell to four haploid gametes and is accompanied by extensive recombination. Thus, the dynamics of chromatin during meiosis are significantly different than in mitotic cells. As spermatogenesis progresses, there is a widespread reorganization of the haploid genome followed by extensive DNA compaction. It has become increasingly clear that the dynamic composition of chromatin plays a critical role in the activities of enzymes and processes that act upon it. Therefore, an analysis of the role of histone variants and modifications in these processes may shed light upon the mechanisms involved and the control of chromatin structure in general. Histone variants such as histone H3.3, H2AX, and macroH2A appear to play key roles in the various stages of spermiogenesis, in addition to the specifically modulated acetylation of histone H4 (acH4), ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2B (uH2A, uH2B), and phosphorylation of histone H3 (H3p). This review will examine recent discoveries concerning the role of histone modifications and variants during meiosis and spermatogenesis.
Towards cardiac C-arm computed tomography (2006)

Cardiac interventional procedures would benefit tremendously from sophisticated three-dimensional image guidance. Such procedures are typically performed with C-arm angiography systems, and tomographic imaging is currently available only by using preprocedural computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Recent developments in C-arm CT (Angiographic CT) allow three-dimensional (3-D) imaging of low contrast details with angiography imaging systems for noncardiac applications. We propose a new approach for cardiac imaging that takes advantage of this improved contrast resolution and is based on intravenous contrast injection. The method is an analogue to multisegment reconstruction in cardiac CT adapted to the much slower rotational speed of C-arm CT. Motion of the heart is considered in the reconstruction process by retrospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gating, using only projections acquired at a similar heart phase. A series of N almost identical rotational acquisitions is performed at different heart phases to obtain a complete data set at a minimum temporal resolution of 1/N of the heart cycle time. First results in simulation, using an experimental phantom, and in preclinical in vivo studies showed that excellent image quality can be achieved.
Horse agglutinins in infectious mononucleosis (1968)

One hundred infectious mononucleosis and the same number of non-infectious mononucleosis sera were studied to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of horse erythrocytes in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. Titres of horse agglutinins in infectious mononucleosis sera ranged from 28 to 7,168 with a geometric mean of 550, whereas the corresponding sheep agglutinin titres ranged from less than 7 to 3,584, with a geometric mean of 126. Horse agglutinin titres of non-infectious mononucleosis sera ranged from less than 7 to 896, with a geometric mean of 59. Infectious mononucleosis sera tested with horse erythrocytes before and after absorption with guinea pig kidney and beef erythrocytes showed patterns different from those of non-infectious mononucleosis sera, even when sheep agglutinin titres were too low for satisfactory evaluation. After absorption with guinea pig kidney, horse agglutinin titres of infectious mononucleosis sera were uniformly higher than in the corresponding serum absorbed with beef erythrocytes. This was not the case for non-infectious mononucleosis sera. Results confirm our previously expressed view that horse erythrocytes are preferable to sheep erythrocytes in the serological diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis.
The effects of early education intervention on maternal employment, public assistance, and health insurance: the infant health and development program. (1994)

Findings are discussed in terms of the recent emphasis on two-generational programs directed to providing health, welfare, and child care services to young children and their families.
Improving the Characteristics of Lithium-ion Cells by Applying a Heat-resistant Separator and Heat Conductor (2009)

In recent years, industrial lithium-ion cells have been developed that are capable of being used as backup power supplies in systems such as communication equipment, and are expected to contribute to reducing the size of backup storage batteries in many applications. For these applications, backup storage batteries must have a long lifetime and must remain safe even in unforeseen circumstances. To make lithium-ion cells safer to use, we have develop a lithium-ion cell separator with a higher breakdown temperature, and we verify the effects of this improvement. We also propose incorporating a heat conductor into the interior of the cell, and we verify its effects on the overcharging characteristics of lithium-ion cells with a nominal capacity of 40 Ah. Our results demonstrate that improving the separator breakdown temperature and installing a heat conductor can effectively improve the cell safety without any significant detriment to the cell characteristics.