gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atrial Tissue Pro‐Fibrotic M2 Macrophage Marker CD163+, Gene Expression of Procollagen and B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide (2020)

Background Atrial tissue fibrosis is linked to inflammatory cells, yet is incompletely understood. A growing body of literature associates peripheral blood levels of the antifibrotic hormone BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) with atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigated the relationship between pro-fibrotic tissue M2 macrophage marker Cluster of Differentiation (CD)163+, atrial procollagen expression, and BNP gene expression in patients with and without AF. Methods and Results In a cross-sectional study design, right atrial tissue was procured from 37 consecutive, consenting, stable patients without heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction, of whom 10 had AF and 27 were non-AF controls. Samples were analyzed for BNP and fibro-inflammatory gene expression, as well as fibrosis and CD163+. Primary analyses showed strong correlations (all <i>P</i><0.008) between M2 macrophage CD163+ staining, procollagen gene expression, and myocardial BNP gene expression across the entire cohort. In secondary analyses without multiplicity adjustments, AF patients had greater left atrial volume index, more valve disease, higher serum BNP, and altered collagen turnover markers versus controls (all <i>P</i><0.05). AF patients also showed higher atrial tissue M2 macrophage CD163+, collagen volume fraction, gene expression of procollagen 1 and 3, as well as reduced expression of the BNP clearance receptor NPRC (all <i>P</i><0.05). Atrial procollagen 3 gene expression was correlated with fibrosis and BNP gene expression was correlated with serum BNP. Conclusions Elevated atrial tissue pro-fibrotic M2 macrophage CD163+ is associated with increased myocardial gene expression of procollagen and anti-fibrotic BNP and is higher in patients with AF. More work on modulation of BNP signaling for treatment and prevention of AF may be warranted.
The Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISG) 17 and Mx have different temporal and spatial expression in the ovine uterus suggesting more complex regulation of the Mx gene (2002)

Interferon stimulated gene 17 (ISG17) and Mx are up-regulated in the ruminant uterus in response to interferon-tau (IFNtau) during early pregnancy. Recent evidence strongly indicates that expression of ISGs occur only in stroma (ST) and glandular epithelium (GE) during this time as a result of transcriptional repression by interferon regulatory factor two (IRF-2) expression in the LE. The present report tested this hypothesis by examining mRNA and protein expression of ISG17 and Mx in serial uterine cross-sections obtained from cyclic and early pregnant ewes. In situ and immunocytochemical analysis revealed that ISG17 mRNA and protein were low to undetectable, whereas Mx mRNA was expressed in the lumenal (LE) and superficial GE at all days of the estrous cycle examined. Both ISG17 and Mx mRNA increased in the stratum compactum ST between Days 11 and 13, and expression extended into the deep GE and stratum spongiosum ST on Days 15 through 17 in pregnant ewes. Interestingly the Mx gene continued to be strongly expressed in LE and superficial GE through Day 17 of pregnancy, whereas ISG17 remained low to undetectable in these cells. Collectively, this study highlights the complexity of the uterine environment by unequivocally illustrating differential temporal and spatial expression of the IFN-responsive genes ISG17 and Mx.
Comparative performance of backpropagation networks designed by genetic algorithms and heuristics (1998)

The design of neural network models involves numerous complexities, including the determination of input vectors, choosing the number of hidden layers and their computational units, and specifying activation functions for the latter. The combinatoric possibilities are daunting, yet experience has yielded informal guidelines that can be useful. Alternatively, current research on genetic algorithms (GA) suggests that they might be of practical use as a formal method of determining ‘good’ architectures for neural networks. In this paper, we use a genetic algorithm to find effective architectures for backpropagation neural networks (BP). We compare the performance of heuristically designed BP networks with that of GA-designed BP networks. Our test domains are sets of problems having compensatory, conjunctive, and mixed-decision structures. The results of our experiment suggest that heuristic methods produce architectures that are simpler and yet perform comparatively well. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drugging the undruggable proteins in cancer: A systems biology approach (2021)

In recent years, the research community has, with comprehensive systems biology approaches and related technologies, gained insight into the vast complexity of numerous cancers. These approaches allow an in-depth exploration that cannot be achieved solely using conventional low-throughput methods, which do not closely mimic the natural cellular environment. In this review, we discuss recent integrative multiple omics approaches for understanding and modulating previously identified 'undruggable' targets such as members of the RAS family, MYC, TP53, and various E3 ligases and deubiquitinases. We describe how these technologies have revolutionized drug discovery by overcoming an array of biological and technological challenges and how, in the future, they will be pivotal in assessing cancer states in individual patients, allowing for the prediction and application of personalized disease treatments.
Diseño e implementación del sistema de navegación inercial de un robot submarino (2010)

En este proyecto se exponen las diferentes fases de desarrollo de una unidad de medidas inerciales especialmente disenada para un vehiculo submarino de control remoto, centrandose en el diseno del hardware y en la programacion de la adquisicion de los datos de los diferentes sensores.
El proyecto esta contenido dentro del proyecto de colaboracion internacional titulado “Diseno de un vehiculo submarino de bajo costo para la inspeccion en tuberias”, realizado en la Universidad Tecnologica de Panama y financiado por la Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Panama (SENACYT).
El cuerpo del proyecto esta dividido en dos bloques principales diferenciados por el campo en el que se centra el desarrollo de la Unidad. El primer bloque se centra en el hardware del dispositivo y el segundo en el software.
En cuanto al hardware, se detallan los sensores escogidos y el porque de cada uno. Estos sensores son un acelerometro triaxial (LIS344ALH), un giroscopo biaxial (IDG-1215) y un giroscopo uniaxial de gran precision (ADIS16060). Aparte de estos tres componentes principales la unidad esta dotada de un magnetometro triaxial (MicroMag3), un sensor de temperatura (AD22100) y un sensor de humedad (HIH-4030). Tambien se exponen los diferentes criterios de diseno, los esquematicos y el montaje final de estos.
En cuanto al software, se presenta la estructura general del programa de gobierno de la unidad y se detalla la parte destinada a la adquisicion de datos y la adecuacion de estos para un futuro filtrado.
Este filtrado y la comunicacion con el control maestro en el exterior del vehiculo forman parte de futuros proyectos.
Querying, Navigating and Visualizing an Online Library Catalog (1995)

We describe the design of an User Interface for a ranked output Information Retrieval system that integrates querying, navigation and visualization in a seamless fashion. Highlights of the system include the following:&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n-- Using a visualization scheme, the interface provides visual feedback to the user about how the query words influence the ranking of retrieved documents.&#13;\n-- By simple drag-and-drop operations of objects on the screen, the interface facilitates a naive end-user in constructing complex structured queries and in providing relevance feedback.&#13;\n-- To suit the evolving information needs of the user, the interface supports navigational features such as browsing documents by specific authors and browsing the Table of Contents of publications.&#13;\n-- The interface integrates an online thesaurus which provides words related to the query that can be used by the user to expand the original query.&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nBy providing a rich set of features, the interface coherently supports a wide spectrum of information gathering tactics for different classes of users.
Periodontitis, Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis: A Review Study (2017)

Context: Earlier evidences show that periodontitis with inflamed and ulcerated crevicular or pocket epithelium surrounding the teeth may be a portal of entry for bacteria into the bloodstream. A newly proposed causal model predicts that an early bacteremia may affect the endothelial surface of the heart over many years and promote valve thickening rendering the heart valve susceptible to vegetation by a later bacteremia that would culminate over a few weeks into fulminant infection. Evidence Acquisition: In this review, various published sources of information pertaining to periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis were reviewed. This review is focused on the role of the viridans group streptococci (VGS) in periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Results: The viridans group streptococci present in the oral cavity were the most important causes of bacteremia following dental procedures and infective endocarditis. In most of the studies, significantly higher rates of bacteremia occurring in patients with periodontitis than patients without periodontitis indicated that periodontitis opens up the route for oral streptococci to gain entry into the bloodstream. In addition, the significantly higher rates of isolation of the VGS from the patients of infective endocarditis with periodontitis showed that there was a positive association between periodontitis, infective endocarditis and the VGS. Conclusions: The literature survey presented in this review suggests that there is a definite relation between periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis and would provide valuable data for the future dentists as well as the physicians, because a large proportion of the worldâs population lives a lifetime with periodontitis. Moreover, infective endocarditis still remains a cause of concern as this disease is a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality regardless of modern antimicrobial and surgical treatment.
Unwinding and rewinding the nucleosome inner turn: Force dependence of the kinetic rate constants (2013)

A simple model for the force-dependent unwinding and rewinding rates of the nucleosome inner turn is constructed and quantitatively compared to the results of recent measurements [A. H. Mack et al., J. Mol. Biol. 423, 687 (2012)]. First, a coarse-grained model for the histone-DNA free-energy landscape that incorporates both an elastic free-energy barrier and specific histone-DNA bonds is developed. Next, a theoretical expression for the rate of transitions across a piecewise linear free-energy landscape with multiple minima and maxima is presented. Then, the model free-energy landscape, approximated as a piecewise linear function, and the theoretical expression for the transition rates are combined to construct a model for the force-dependent unwinding and rewinding rates of the nucleosome inner turn. Least-mean-squares fitting of the model rates to the rates observed in recent experiments rates demonstrates that this model is able to well describe the force-dependent unwinding and rewinding rates of the nucleosome inner turn, observed in the recent experiments, except at the highest forces studied, where an additional ad hoc term is required to describe the data, which may be interpreted as an indication of an alternate high-force nucleosome disassembly pathway, that bypasses simple unwinding. The good agreement between the measurements and the model at lower forces demonstrates that both specific histone-DNA contacts and an elastic free-energy barrier play essential roles for nucleosome winding and unwinding, and quantifies their relative contributions.
Inhibition by mibefradil, a novel calcium channel antagonist, of Ca2+‐ and volume‐activated Cl− channels in macrovascular endothelial cells (1997)

1. We have studied the effects of mibefradil, a novel calcium antagonist, on the resting potential and ion channel activity of macrovascular endothelial cells (calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells, CPAE). The patch clamp technique was used to measure ionic currents and the Fura-II microfluorescence technique to monitor changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i. 2. Mibefradil (10 microM) hyperpolarized the membrane potential of CPAE cells from its mean control value of -26.6 +/- 0.6 mV (n = 7) to -59.8 +/- 1.7 mV (n = 6). A depolarizing effect was observed at higher concentrations (-13.7 +/- 0.6 mV, n = 4, 30 microM mibefradil). 3. Mibefradil inhibited Ca(2+)-activated Cl- currents, ICl,Ca, activated by loading CPAE cells via the patch pipette with 500 nM free Ca2+ (Ki = 4.7 +/- 0.18 microM, n = 8). 4. Mibefradil also inhibited volume-sensitive Cl- currents, ICl,vol, activated by challenging CPAE cells with a 27% hypotonic solution (Ki = 5.4 +/- 0.22 microM, n = 6). 5. The inwardly rectifying K+ channel, IRK, was not affected by mibefradil at concentrations up to 30 microM. 6. Ca2+ entry activated by store depletion, as assessed by the rate of [Ca2+]i-increase upon reapplication of 10 mM extracellular Ca2+ to store-depleted cells, was inhibited by 17.6 +/- 6.5% (n = 8) in the presence of 10 microM mibefradil. 7. Mibefradil inhibited proliferation of CPAE cells. Half-maximal inhibition was found at 1.7 +/- 0.12 microM (n = 3), which is similar to the concentration for half-maximal block of Cl- channels. 8. These actions of mibefradil on Cl- channels and the concomitant changes in resting potential might, in addition to its effect on T-type Ca2+ channels, be an important target for modulation of cardiovascular function under normal and pathological conditions.
Singapore. La minorité musulmane de Singapour. By LAURENT METZGER. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2003. Pp 296. Notes, Bibliography, Index. (2005)

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Dose-response Relationships for Bone Tumors in Beagles Exposed to 226Ra and 90Sr (1981)

The development of bone tumors found in beagles injected with 226Ra or fed 90Sr has been under evaluation in lifetime experiments. In these studies 385 dogs were exposed to graded dosage levels of 90Sr in food beginning at mid-gestation and continuing until 540 days of age. Protracted ingestion of 90Sr represents the possible exposure of people to fallout or environmental releases from nuclear waste. To temporally imitate the past exposure of people to 226Ra and to provide a basis for interspecies scaling, 243 young adult dogs 435 days of age were given eight fortnightly intravenous injections of graded dosages of 226Ra. Comparison was made with available mouse and human 226Ra bone tumor data. The major findings were: (a) The occurrence of bone tumor related deaths was much less for 90Sr-exposed dogs than for 226Ra-exposed dogs. (b) Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for bone tumors from 90Sr-Y (reference to 226Ra) varied as a function of average dose rate to bone (RBE = 1.5 at 16 rad/day, RBE = 0.05 at 1.6 rad/day). (c) The relative biological sensitivity of people was lower than of beagles and mice for 226Ra-induced bone tumors; people were found to require 10 times as long as mice and 3.6 times as long as dogs to develop bone tumors at a given skeletal dose rate and these response ratios were well correlated to the normal life expectancy for unexposed individuals. (d) The average cumulative radiation dose to death for those individuals that died of bone cancer was found to vary with dose rate and was much smaller at low dose rates (small bone burdens) than at high dose rates. (e) The time required to manifest tumors was longer at lower dose rates and could exceed the normal lifespan. (f) On this basis a practical threshold for bone cancer from 226Ra was estimated to exist at cumulative doses of about 50–110 rad (500–1100 rem with Q = 10) for dogs, mice and people.
Infant feeding practices in an urban squatter community. (1989)

The pattern of infant feeding practice was studied among Malay mothers in Kg. Sentosa, a squatter community in Kuala Lumpur. Breastmilk only was provided by most mothers up to the 4th week, after which it was increasingly replaced by cow's milk. 95% of the working mothers and 54% of the full-time housewives had introduced bottle-feeding supplemented with precooked cereal and porridge by 2 months of age. Factors related to maternal employment, household income and occurrence of illness in child affect significantly the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Variability in the timing of commencement and completion of weaning could be attributed partially only (42.1% and 26.8% respectively) to the household, maternal and child variables taken together. This seems to imply that personal reasons largely govern decisions related to feeding infants. (Author's).
MOBIS-COVID19/02: Results as of 13/04/2020 (2020)

On March 16, 2020, 3700 participants who completed the MOBIS study between September 2019 and Janurary 2020 were invited to reinstall the GPS Logger and Travel Diary App ‘Catch-My-Day’, developed by MotionTag, to record their mobility behaviour during the period of special measures implemented to control the spread of the Corona Virus. The first 4 weeks of mobility data from the original MOBIS Study is taken for each participant as a baseline against which to compare current mobility patterns. These 4 weeks start place anywhere between 1st September and 15th November, depending on the participant. Only trips in Switzerland are currently considered, although data on cross border travel is available.
The Development of Medications for the Treatment of Opiate and Cocaine Addictions (1995)

Pharmacotherapy, as a means of treating drug addiction in combination with other treatment modalities, has received too little attention from the research community, the pharmaceutical industry, public health officials, and the federal government. Medications to combat drug addiction could have an enormous impact on the medical consequences and socioeconomic problems associated with drug abuse, both for drug-dependent individuals and for American society as a whole. This book examines the current environment for and obstacles to the development of anti-addiction medications, specifically those for treating opiate and cocaine addictions, and proposes incentives for the pharmaceutical industry that would help overcome those obstacles and accelerate the development of anti-addiction medications.
Human miRNome Profiling Identifies MicroRNAs Differentially Present in the Urine after Kidney Injury (2013)

In this study we determined the entire miRNome of human urine and identified a panel of miRNAs that are both detectable noninvasively and diagnostically sensitive indicators of kidney damage.
Analytical Mechanics With Quasi-Velocities (2021)

This paper presents a formulation of Lagrangian dynamics of constrained mechanical systems in terms of reduced quasi-velocities and quasi-forces that can be used for simulation, analysis, and control purposes. In this formulation, Cholesky decomposition of the mass matrix in conjunction with adequate orthogonal matrices are used to define reduced-quasi velocities, input quasi-forces, and constraint quasi-forces which possess natural metric. The new state and input variables always have homogeneous units despite the generalized coordinates may involve in both translational and rotational components and the constraint wrench may involve in both force and moment components. Therefore, this formulation is inherently invariant with respect to changes in dimensional units without requiring weighting matrices. Moreover, in this formulation the equations of motion are completely decoupled from those of constrained force. This allows the possibility of a simple force control action that is totally independent of the motion control action facilitating a hybrid force/motion control. The properties of the new dynamics formulation are investigated and subsequently, force/motion tracking control and regulation of constrained multibody systems based on quasi-velocities and quasi-forces are presented.
Atomic-Force Microscopy in the Study of the Tribological Characteristics of Thin Al−Si−N Coatings (2019)

Results of the atomic-force microscopic determination of the surface microstructure and roughness, friction forces and coefficients of nanocrystalline AlSiN films in the initial state and after annealing are presented. A procedure is proposed to determine the friction coefficients by atomic-force microscopy with multi-pass scanning. The dependences of the friction coefficients on the number of passes are obtained. A significant effect of annealing on a decrease in the friction coefficients of AlSiN films is detected.
The effects of a C12–13 linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant on periphyton, macrophytes, invertebrates and fish in stream mesocosms (1997)

Abstract The ecological effects of a C12–13 linear alcohol ethoxylate (LAE) were studied in stream mesocosms. The surfactant has an average distribution of six and one-half ethylene oxide groups per mole of alcohol. Responses of periphyton, macrophytes, invertebrates, and fish were examined and used to estimate a mesocosm-predicted no-observable-effect concentration (NOEC). The stream mesocosm experiment consisted of a 2-week period of natural colonization, a 30-d treatment period, and a 2-week post-treatment period. Four surfactant concentrations in duplicate streams were used along with two untreated control streams. Surfactant concentrations were delivered to the streams with no apparent loss during the 17-min transit time. The structural integrity of the surfactant was also maintained with no observed differences between the head, middle, or tail sections of individual streams. Average measured concentrations of LAE for replicate streams were 0.32, 0.88, 1.99, and 5.15 mg/L. Periphyton and Myriophyllum aquaticum did not show significant effects. The no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) for all periphyton and M. aquaticum parameters was 5.15 mg/L, the highest concentration tested. Statistically significant effects were observed on Simuliidae, Copepoda, and Cladocera densities during the treatment period in all exposure concentrations. Thus, the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) for invertebrate densities was 0.32 mg/L. Drifting invertebrates did not show significant LAE effects; however, increased numbers of invertebrates drifted in the 5.15-mg/L streams compared to controls. The 30-d LC50 for farm-raised and University-cultured fathead minnows was similar at 1.27 mg/L. The 30-d survival NOEC and LOEC for both populations of fish were 0.88 mg/L and 1.99 mg/L, respectively. There were no significant effects on reproduction in University-cultured fathead minnow. Fathead minnow reproductive behavior and feeding behavior were most susceptible to surfactant exposure with a NOEC of 0.32 mg/L. Bluegill sunfish survival responded similarly to the LAE as fathead minnow with a 30-d NOEC of 0.88 mg/L. No sublethal effects on juvenile bluegill growth were observed in this study. For primarily regulatory purposes, a “mesocosm NOEC” of 0.28 mg/L was derived for use in risk assessment.
Pattern Automatic Generation for Men's Trousers (2014)

The traditional pattern design methods used in the apparel industry basically relies on designers’ experience, which leads to the inefficiency of clothing production. In order to solve the problem, a pattern automatic generation process for men’s trousers is studied in this paper. According to the generation rules, the pattern will be automatically generated from the body measurements and the style design parameters; therefore, it will fit the customer’s body as well as meet the needs of design.