gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric Properties of Highly Conductive Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene Sulfonate Printed Thin Films (2017)

Organic conductors are being evaluated for potential use in waste heat recovery through lightweight and flexible thermoelectric generators manufactured using cost-effective printing processes. Assessment of the potentiality of organic materials in real devices still requires a deeper understanding of the physics behind their thermoelectric properties, which can pave the way toward further development of the field. This article reports a detailed thermoelectric study of a set of highly conducting inkjet-printed films of commercially available poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate formulations characterized by in-plane electrical conductivity, spanning the interval 10-500 S/cm. The power factor is maximized for the formulation showing an intermediate electrical conductivity. The Seebeck coefficient is studied in the framework of Mott's relation, assuming a (semi-)classical definition of the transport function. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy at the Fermi level clearly indicates that the shape of the density of states alone is not sufficient to explain the observed Seebeck coefficient, suggesting that carrier mobility is important in determining both the electrical conductivity and thermopower. Finally, the cross-plane thermal conductivity is reliably extracted thanks to a scaling approach that can be easily performed using typical pump-probe spectroscopy.
Designing an enterprise social tool for cross-boundary communication, coordination, and information sharing (2012)

This paper discusses the design of a social tool for cross-boundary communication, coordination, and information sharing in a large organization. Based on insights and requirements gathered in qualitative and quantitative studies conducted within the organization, the Live Corkboard, a virtual message board system enhanced with community features and text/history search is proposed as a tool to enhance communication, group awareness, and information sharing and reuse. We describe the requirements for our tool as well as how they influenced our design. The research was conducted in a large IT services delivery company which has recently changed its organizational structure from a customer-centered to a competency-centered model. Focus group evaluation results suggest that the tool will be useful to the employees in the organization.
3D‐Printed, Carbon‐Nanotube‐Wrapped, Thermoresponsive Polymer Spheres for Safer Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2018)

Abstract Safety of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has persistently plagued their development, despite widespread commercialization and usage. Thermal runaway is a notorious event where the overheating of the LIB results in a chain of events leading to the catastrophic failure of the device. Here, an in situ safety mechanism that shutdowns the LIB at critical temperatures before the onset of thermal runaway is developed. This is achieved by the deposition of thermal responsive polyethylene (PE) microspheres coated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on electrodes via 3D printing. Rapid shutdown of LIB full cells under 60 s with ≈1 mg of additive is demonstrated. The mechanism of the shutdown is investigated through post‐mortem analysis of the heat‐treated cells that provides evidence of the formation of an insulating PE film that prevents ionic flow, disabling the LIB. Further, galvanostatic cycling of CNT‐coated PE‐loaded cells is used to demonstrate the advantages of the approach, where the precise and low loading of the conductive additive exhibits no impact on the full cell normal operation.
Study on Sulfidation Degree and Morphology of MoS_2 Catalyst Derived from Various Molybdate Precursors (2014)

The MoS2 catalysts were prepared from various molybdate precursors including inorganic and organic molybdate compounds. The sulfidation degree and morphology of active phases of MoS2 activated by various molybdate precursors in H2S/H2 stream at different temperatures were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）. The organic molybdate precursors lead to MoS2 catalysts with higher sulfidation degree and smaller active phases to demonstrate higher catalytic activity during hydrodesulfurizaiton（HDS） of 4,6-DMDBT.
Reference-circuit analysis for high-bandwidth spin transfer torque random access memory (2015)

A global reference-circuit (RC), which means one RC is shared with many sensing circuits (SC), is being considered for high-bandwidth STT-RAMs because of the low power consumption and small area characteristic. However, using the global RC for high-bandwidth STT-RAMs causes a droop effect and coupling noise effect, leading to the significant performance degradation. Thus, the validity of using the global RC should be identified. In this paper, the local RC and various global RCs are introduced, and compared in aspects of area, sensing time, and power consumption. By classification of the merits and demerits of various RCs, we present the following requirements of proper RC for high-bandwidth STT-RAMs: 1) small area, 2) no performance degradation, 3) low power consumption, and 4) process variation tolerant reference signal generation.
Tryptophan pyrrolase in haem regulation. The mechanism of the opposite effects of tryptophan on rat liver 5-aminolaevulinate synthase activity and the haem saturation of tryptophan pyrrolase (1981)

1. Administration of tryptophan to starved rats causes a rapid decrease in liver 5-aminolaevulinate synthase activity associated with an increase in the haem saturation of tryptophan pyrrolase. Both effects are maximally produced at 30 min by a 100 mg/kg body wt. dose of tryptophan. 2. Pb2+ prevents both effects. 3. Prevention by allopurinol or benserazide of the tryptophan-induced increase in the haem saturation of tryptophan pyrrolase renders this haem available for further repression of synthase synthesis. 4. The opposite effects on synthase activity and pyrrolase saturation with haem caused by administration of 5-aminolaevulinate, but not those by that of haematin, are potentiated by tryptophan. 5. It is suggested that tryptophan decreases 5-aminolaevulinate synthase activity and causes the initial increase in the haem saturation of tryptophan pyrrolase by enhancing the conversion of 5-aminolaevulinate into haem by a process requiring protein synthesis.
Neutralizing antibodies to interferon β-1a and interferon β-1b in MS patients are cross-reactive (1998)

NABs to IFNbeta-1a (Avonex) and IFNbeta-1b (Betaseron) cross-react, both in the binding and the biologic assays. This suggests that switching to alternate IFNbeta preparation in patients who develop NABs may not be clinically beneficial. Studies examining cross-reactivity between NABs to IFNbeta-1a and IFNbeta-1b in a large number of patients are indicated.
Table S2 from Identification of ALDH1A3 as a Viable Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer Metastasis–Initiating Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Primer sequences for qRT-PCR&lt;/p&gt;
Back Cover: Synthesis and Characterisation of Reduced Graphene Oxide/Bismuth Composite for Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices (ChemSusChem 2/2017) (2017)

The Back Cover picture shows the structure of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Bi composite material synthesized through a simple and scalable procedure. The material shows both supercapacitor and battery behavior (supercapattery behavior) and achieves a specific capacity value close to its theoretical value while atmospheric oxidation of metallic bismuth is inhibited by the reduced graphene oxide. More details can be found in the Full Paper by Wang et al. on page 363 in Issue 2, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601553).
Inhibition of Human Prolyl Oligopeptidase Activity by the Cyclotide Psysol 2 Isolated fromPsychotria solitudinum (2015)

Cyclotides are head-to-tail cyclized peptides comprising a stabilizing cystine-knot motif. To date, they are well known for their diverse bioactivities such as anti-HIV and immunosuppressive properties. Yet little is known about specific molecular mechanisms, in particular the interaction of cyclotides with cellular protein targets. Native and synthetic cyclotide-like peptides from Momordica plants are potent and selective inhibitors of different serine-type proteinases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, matriptase, and tryptase-beta. This study describes the bioactivity-guided isolation of a cyclotide from Psychotria solitudinum as an inhibitor of another serine-type protease, namely, the human prolyl oligopeptidase (POP). Analysis of the inhibitory potency of Psychotria extracts and subsequent fractionation by liquid chromatography yielded the isolated peptide psysol 2 (1), which exhibited an IC50 of 25 μM. In addition the prototypical cyclotide kalata B1 inhibited POP activity with an IC50 of 5.6 μM. The inhibitory activity appeared to be selective for POP, since neither psysol 2 nor kalata B1 were able to inhibit the proteolytic activity of trypsin or chymotrypsin. The enzyme POP is well known for its role in memory and learning processes, and it is currently being considered as a promising therapeutic target for the cognitive deficits associated with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. In the context of discovery and development of POP inhibitors with beneficial ADME properties, cyclotides may be suitable starting points considering their stability in biological fluids and possible oral bioavailability.
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates in the prevention of vagrant dye pick‐up on polyester textile fabric during laundering (1982)

Abstract The unwanted pick‐up of low levels of vagrant dyes during washing of textile fabrics can be a significant contributor to long‐term polyester appearance degradation. Fabric appearance loss from pick‐up of small quantities of a standard yellow dye are measured on both optically brightened and unbrightened polyester. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) surfactant micelles act as effective dye scavengers, reducing the level of dye pick‐up by the fabric substantially. The efficacy of LAS as a dye scavenger is quantified as a function of alkyl chain length and use concentration. Dye scavenging ability per unit weight of LAS increases with increasing molecular weight and decreasing critical micelle concentration (cmc). Dye scavenging of up to 80% of the transferable dye is achieved at high LAS concentrations. Results with C 9 , C 11 , C 13 and C 15 single homolog alkyl chain lengths, and with several mixed chain length blends are presented.
Highly efficient single emitter white phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on Pt(ii) emitters (2023)

We fabricate highly efficient white platinum( ii ) emitters with high CRI for phosphorescent OLEDs using new tetradentate ligands prepared with difluoropyrido-pyridyl and meta -xylyl amine linkers.
Towards characterizing cloud backend workloads (2010)

The advent of cloud computing promises highly available, efficient, and flexible computing services for applications such as web search, email, voice over IP, and web search alerts. Our experience at Google is that realizing the promises of cloud computing requires an extremely scalable backend consisting of many large compute clusters that are shared by application tasks with diverse service level requirements for throughput, latency, and jitter. These considerations impact (a) capacity planning to determine which machine resources must grow and by how much and (b) task scheduling to achieve high machine utilization and to meet service level objectives. Both capacity planning and task scheduling require a good understanding of task resource consumption (e.g., CPU and memory usage). This in turn demands simple and accurate approaches to workload classification-determining how to form groups of tasks (workloads) with similar resource demands. One approach to workload classification is to make each task its own workload. However, this approach scales poorly since tens of thousands of tasks execute daily on Google compute clusters. Another approach to workload classification is to view all tasks as belonging to a single workload. Unfortunately, applying such a coarse-grain workload classification to the diversity of tasks running on Google compute clusters results in large variances in predicted resource consumptions. This paper describes an approach to workload classification and its application to the Google Cloud Backend, arguably the largest cloud backend on the planet. Our methodology for workload classification consists of: (1) identifying the workload dimensions; (2) constructing task classes using an off-the-shelf algorithm such as k-means; (3) determining the break points for qualitative coordinates within the workload dimensions; and (4) merging adjacent task classes to reduce the number of workloads. We use the foregoing, especially the notion of qualitative coordinates, to glean several insights about the Google Cloud Backend: (a) the duration of task executions is bimodal in that tasks either have a short duration or a long duration; (b) most tasks have short durations; and (c) most resources are consumed by a few tasks with long duration that have large demands for CPU and memory.
Hybrid wavelet transform and MPEG-1 video coding system (2002)

Wavelet transforms (WTs) have been widely used in still image compression, while MPEG-1 is a widely used video compression standard. In this paper, we investigate the effect of combining both techniques to produce a video stream with higher compression than MPEG-1 and with comparable picture quality. The proposed system maintains the MPEG-1 system without any internal modifications. The addition of the WT to MPEG-1 achieved a compression ratio improvement factor up to 1.5.
Characteristics and mechanism of neutrophil-mediated cytostasis induced by tumor necrosis factor. (1988)

After being treated with rTNF, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) were highly suppressive to the growth of four different tumor target cells, Raji, K562, UCLA-SO-M14, and U937. Neutralizing TNF with specific antibodies before PMN were treated blocked induction of the anti-proliferative activity against Raji. However, after PMN were exposed to TNF the cytostatic activity could not be reversed by the antibody or by washing off TNF, indicating that the continuous presence of TNF was not required for expression of the anti-proliferative function. Addition of the hydrogen peroxide (HP) scavenger, catalase, at the beginning of the assay inhibited the cytostatic activity, suggesting that HP was involved in suppressing the tumor cell growth. In contrast, other reactive oxygen species inhibitors such as superoxide dismutase, sodium azide, L-methionine, or deferoxamine did not inhibit the cytostasis. HP alone at above 10 microM was cytostatic to Raji cells. The presence of TNF did not increase the sensitivity of Raji to HP. TNF activated PMN to produce HP but the amount of HP released in the culture supernatant was too low for direct cytostasis. PMN also became more adherent after TNF treatment. Therefore, the TNF-induced cytostasis may be mediated by local high concentrations of HP produced by PMN.
Novel Approach to Isoindolo[2,1-a]quinolines (1998)

Abstract An N-acyliminium ion approach towards the synthesis of isoindolo [2,1-a]quinolines by an intramolecular process is described.
El secreto del consumo peligroso de bebidas. The secrecy of hazardous drinking (2006)

In this instance, hazardous drinking means alcohol consumption, which exceeds a certain threshold value. Clinical history is considered an insufficient diagnostic procedure, because patients tend to underestimate their drinking. The challenge is to find effective methods to detect hazardous drinking but also in establishing a reliable golden standard when developing these methods. For research purposes, a time-line follow back is the best available option. For clinical purposes, less time-consuming methods are needed and a verbal interview is preferred above structured questionnaires and biochemical markers. Thus, there is urgent need to have evidence of the effectiveness of short face-to-face interviews in a confidential atmosphere. In future, new technologies and event-level methodology may serve as aids both for research and clinical purposes to reveal the secret of hazardous drinking
Abstract 2316: Itraconazole, an antifungal drug with anti-angiogenic activity, inhibits VEGFR2 trafficking, glycosylation, and signaling in endothelial cells (2012)

Abstract Itraconazole is a widely used antifungal drug that has been recently shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and to block non-small cell lung cancer growth in animal models. Based on these and other results, itraconazole is currently being evaluated in four clinical trials as a cancer therapeutic. Angiogenesis, one of the hallmarks of cancer, is required for tumor growth and is driven by tumor-secreted growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We now report that in endothelial cells, itraconazole inhibits signaling of VEGF through the VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) (80% inhibition; p &amp;lt; 0.05) and subsequently through a downstream substrate, PLCϒ1 (60% inhibition; p &amp;lt; 0.05). Mechanistically, we show that this was due to a nearly complete loss of VEGF binding to VEGR2 that was secondary to a loss of cell surface expression of the receptor. After itraconazole treatment, VEGFR2 was retained in a perinuclear aggregate which partially overlapped with the cis-Golgi marker GM130. Correlated with this loss of VEGFR2 signaling and trafficking, was a dramatic change in VEGFR2 mobility on SDS-PAGE which resulted from incomplete N-glycosylation. Itraconazole globally reduced poly-LacNAc and tetra-antennary glycans in endothelial cells and induced hypoglycosylation of EGFR in a renal cell carcinoma line, suggesting that the effects of itraconazole apply to multiple cell types and receptors. Importantly, small molecule inducers of lysosomal accumulation and mTOR inhibition, two previously known itraconazole-induced effects, did not interfere with VEGFR2 glycosylation. Similarly, glycosylation inhibitors did not affect cholesterol trafficking or inhibit mTOR. However, increasing cellular cholesterol levels, which was known to rescue the effects of itraconazole on mTOR and cholesterol trafficking, restored VEGFR2 glycosylation and signaling. Thus, the newly described properties of itraconazole occur in parallel to inhibition of cholesterol trafficking and mTOR but appear downstream of a single target. Taking these findings together, we propose a model in which itraconazole inhibits intracellular trafficking. This model could explain the loss of VEGFR2 signaling, incomplete VEGFR2 glycosylation, as well as disruption of cholesterol trafficking and mTOR signaling. Importantly, the effects of itraconazole we report here may significantly contribute to the in vivo efficacy of itraconazole and are relevant to ongoing clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2316. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2316
Characterization of Uranium Solids Precipitated with Sodium Aluminosilicates (2003)

At the Savannah River Site, the High-Level Waste Tank Farms store and process high-level liquid radioactive wastes from the Canyons and recycle water from the Defense Waste Processing Facility. The waste is concentrated using evaporators to minimize the volume of space required for HLW storage.
The Effect of Atmospheric Water Vapor on Neutron Count in the Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System (2013)

Abstract The cosmic-ray method for measuring soil moisture, used in the Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System (COSMOS), relies on the exceptional ability of hydrogen to moderate fast neutrons. Sources of hydrogen near the ground, other than soil moisture, affect the neutron measurement and therefore must be quantified. This study investigates the effect of atmospheric water vapor on the cosmic-ray probe signal and evaluates the fast neutron response in realistic atmospheric conditions using the neutron transport code Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX). The vertical height of influence of the sensor in the atmosphere varies between 412 and 265 m in dry and wet atmospheres, respectively. Model results show that atmospheric water vapor near the surface affects the neutron intensity signal by up to 12%, corresponding to soil moisture differences on the order of 0.10 m3 m−3. A simple correction is defined to identify the true signal associated with integrated soil moisture that rescales the measured neutron intensity to that which would have been observed in the atmospheric conditions prevailing on the day of sensor calibration. Use of this approach is investigated with in situ observations at two sites characterized by strong seasonality in water vapor where standard meteorological measurements are readily available.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Yes-Associated Protein 1 Is Activated and Functions as an Oncogene in Meningiomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 212K, Immunohistochemistry of YAP1 expression in various cores of control normal human tissue&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure S3 from Trabectedin Efficacy in Ewing Sarcoma Is Greatly Increased by Combination with Anti-IGF Signaling Agents (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. Modulation of IGF-1R expression after transient silencing of EWS-FLI1 in EWS.&lt;/p&gt;
Control of Chirality of an Azobenzene Liquid Crystalline Polymer with Circularly Polarized Light (2000)

Irradiation with circularly polarized light of a film of an achiral azobenzene liquid crystalline polymer induces chirality. Circularly polarized light with opposite handedness produces enantiomeric structures. A chirooptical switch based on this phenomenon is reported.
Determination of the relative energies of activation for the dissociation of aromatic versus aliphatic phosphopeptides by ESI-FTICR-MS and IRMPD (2003)

Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) coupled with infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) is potentially a powerful method for rapid phosphopeptide mapping of complex proteolytic digests. The dissociation of deprotonated phosphopeptides by IRMPD is energetically favorable over unmodified deprotonated peptides because of a lower energy of activation and a higher internal energy under identical irradiation conditions. The energies of activation for dissociation are determined for model peptides phosphorylated on an aliphatic side chain (serine) and an aromatic side chain (tyrosine). The determination of phosphorylation location provides important biochemical information identifying the kinase involved in specific phosphorylation mechanisms. The data presented in this manuscript also support the theory that for phosphopeptides, the phosphate moiety's P-O stretch is in direct resonance with the infrared laser (10.6 microm), thus increasing the relative absorptivity of the modified species. A greater extinction coefficient affords more extensive photon absorption and subsequently a greater internal energy at the rapid exchange limit.