gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine kinase-dependent regulation of L-selectin expression through the Leu-13 signal transduction molecule: evidence for a protein kinase C-independent mechanism of L-selectin shedding (1997)

The L-selectin adhesion molecule mediates lymphocyte extravasation in peripheral lymph nodes, and has also been implicated in directing leukocyte recruitment to inflammatory tissues and metastasis of lymphoid malignancies. In this study, we demonstrate a novel level of regulation of L-selectin expression that involves the 16-kDa Leu-13 signal transduction molecule. Leu-13 is a member of a multimeric cell surface complex in lymphocytes that includes TAPA-1 (target of antiproliferative Ab-1, CD81) as well as lineage-specific proteins. In the present study, mAb-induced ligation of Leu-13 was shown to rapidly down-regulate L-selectin surface density on normal and malignant human lymphocytes, and to markedly inhibit L-selectin-mediated adhesion of lymphocytes to soluble carbohydrate ligands (i.e., PPME, phosphomonoester core polysaccharide) and to lymph node high endothelial venules. Through the use of genistein and staurosporine, potent inhibitors of tyrosine kinases (TK) and protein kinase C (PKC), respectively, Leu-13-induced L-selectin down-modulation was demonstrated to involve a TK-dependent, PKC-independent pathway, and was attributed to increased L-selectin shedding from surface membranes. Notably, direct L-selectin ligation, modeling cross-linking interactions with endothelial cell ligands, similarly down-regulates L-selectin surface expression through a TK-dependent, PKC-independent mechanism. In sharp contrast, PMA and anti-CD3 mAb down-regulate L-selectin via a staurosporine-sensitive, genistein-resistant pathway that is closely linked to lymphocyte proliferation. Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel role for Leu-13- and L-selectin-induced TK activity in control of L-selectin expression, thus providing insight into the complex molecular mechanisms that potentially regulate L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte homing in vivo.
LMNet: Real-time Multiclass Object Detection on CPU using 3D LiDAR (2018)

This paper describes an optimized single-stage deep convolutional neural network to detect objects in urban environments, using nothing more than point cloud data. This feature enables our method to work regardless the time of the day and the lighting conditions.The proposed network structure employs dilated convolutions to gradually increase the perceptive field as depth increases, this helps to reduce the computation time by about 30%. The network input consists of five perspective representations of the unorganized point cloud data. The network outputs an objectness map and the bounding box offset values for each point. Our experiments showed that using reflection, range, and the position on each of the three axes helped to improve the location and orientation of the output bounding box. We carried out quantitative evaluations with the help of the KITTI dataset evaluation server. It achieved the fastest processing speed among the other contenders, making it suitable for real-time applications. We implemented and tested it on a real vehicle with a Velodyne HDL-64 mounted on top of it. We achieved execution times as fast as 50 FPS using desktop GPUs, and up to 10 FPS on a single Intel Core i5 CPU. The deploy implementation is open-sourced and it can be found as a feature branch inside the autonomous driving framework Autoware. Code is available at: https://github.com/CPFL/Autoware/tree/feature/cnn_lidar_detection
Expression ofZNF804Ain Human Brain and Alterations in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder (2014)

rs1344706 influences the expression of ZNF804AE3E4, a novel splice variant. The effect is limited to fetal brain and to this isoform. It may be part of the mechanism by which allelic variation in ZNF804A affects risk of psychosis. ZNF804A is translated in human brain, where its functions may extend beyond its predicted role as a transcription factor.
Many-to-Many Unsupervised Speech Conversion From Nonparallel Corpora (2021)

We address a nonparallel data-driven many-to-many speech modeling and multimodal style conversion method. In this work, we train a speech conversion model for multiple domains rather than a specific source and target domain pair, and we generate diverse output speech signals from a given source domain speech by transferring some speech style-related characteristics while preserving its linguistic content information. The proposed method comprises a variational autoencoder (VAE)-based many-to-many speech conversion network with a Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN) and a skip-connected autoencoder-based self-supervised learning network. The proposed conversion network trains the models by decomposing the spectral features of the input speech signal into a content factor that represents domain-invariant information and a style factor that represents domain-related information to automatically estimate the various speech styles of each domain, and the network converts the input speech signal to another domain using the computed content factor with the target style factor we want to change. Diverse and multimodal outputs can be generated by sampling different style factors. We also train models in a stable manner and improve the quality of generated outputs by sharing the discriminator of the VAE-based speech conversion network and that of the self-supervised learning network. We apply the proposed method to speaker conversion and perform the perceptual evaluations. Experimental results revealed that the proposed method obtained high accuracy of converted spectra, significantly improved the sound quality and speaker similarity of the converted speech, and contributed to stable model training.
Duplicate Bug Report Detection by Using Sentence Embedding and Fine-tuning (2021)

Industrial software maintenance devotes much time and effort to find duplicate bug reports. In this paper, we propose an automated duplicate bug report detection system to improve software maintenance efficiency. Our system detects duplicate reports by vectorizing the contents of each report item by deep-learning-based sentence embedding and calculating the similarity of the whole report from those of the item vectors. The Sentence-BERT fine-tuned with report texts is used for sentence embedding. Finally, we verify that the combination of processing separately by item and Sentence-BERT fine-tuned with reports effectively detects duplicate bug reports in industrial experiments that compare the performance of existing methods.
The use of objective adherence measures targeting four placebo microbicide delivery forms in the Quatro Clinical Crossover Study (2021)

Abstract Background Adherence to topical microbicides for HIV prevention has been a challenge for women using them and those developing novel products. The Quatro Clinical Crossover Study investigated user preference and acceptability of four different placebo‐based vaginal delivery forms among young African women. The objective of this sub‐study was to test the ability of objective adherence measures in assessing placebo product usage. Methods A total of two hundred women from Zimbabwe and South Africa used placebo vaginal gel, insert, and film once per week, with or without sex, for 1 month and an intravaginal ring continuously for one month (Months 1–4). Women then chose their preferred product and used it with sex each week during Month 5. Women self‐collected vaginal swabs after using the gel, insert and film. Collected vaginal swabs and used intravaginal rings were analysed for placebo‐based adherence measures using spectroscopy and excipient‐based analyses to determine product use. Vaginal insertion and semen exposure was determined using previously developed and published adherence biomarkers. Intravaginal rings were extracted for residual excipient (glycerin) and penetrated bioanalytes. Results Both methodologies showed that women used gel the most during Months 1–4 (75% by excipient methods, 85% by spectroscopy). The methodologies also determined that nearly all swabs from both sites were vaginally inserted, and 51–86% had detectable placebo product. Semen was detected in more swabs collected during Month 5 from women in Zimbabwe than the swabs from women in South Africa, and most of those swabs had placebo product present as well. The majority of women used the ring for the required four weeks. Sixty‐eight per cent of women who used the ring for the required 4 weeks increased to 78% during Month 5. Conclusion This sub‐study demonstrated how these objective placebo‐based measures of adherence determined product use of various microbicide delivery forms.
Cross-linked polymers based on 2,5-disubstituted tetrazoles for unsaturated hydrocarbon detection (2013)

An efficient synthesis of cross-linked polymers is demonstrated via a Cu2O catalyzed aerobic oxidative direct cross-coupling. And these cross-linked polymers exhibited a special ability for the detection of unsaturated hydrocarbons through fluorescence enhancement based on photoactivatable 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions.
Swelling properties and generation of cellulose fines originating from bleached kraft pulp refined under different operating conditions (2017)

Cellulose fines are—in general—small particles removed from natural cellulose fibres during refining process which is typically carried out in papermaking industry. Fines have been recognized as a separate component of papermaking fibrous raw material since their properties differ considerably from those of cellulosic fibres. Fines are characterized by low dewatering ability, very high specific surface area, and high swelling ability. Knowledge about the possibility of effective control over fines generation and swelling during refining process are nowadays of key importance. Beside its significance in papermaking process (e.g. impact on paper structure and mechanical properties and dewatering properties of the pulp), nowadays the cellulose fines fraction is considered as a raw material for the production of novel materials e.g. microfibrilled cellulose and nanocellulose. The main objective of the presented study was to determine the impact of the most important refining parameters (e.g. net refining energy, rotor speed, and pulp consistency) which could be used to control the fines development and their swelling degree. On the basis of presented research results it may be concluded that the amount of the fines generated during refining process was mainly affected by the effective refining power (net power) and the rotational speed of the refiner rotor. Also, the final swelling degree of fines varies depending on the refining operating conditions used. It was found that the swelling degree of fines was mostly influenced by the rotational speed of the refiner rotor, refined pulp consistency, and—for very low consistency (1–2%)—also pulp volumetric flow rate through the refiner. As a result, it could be concluded that—for more effective control of the refining process—greater attention to the control of these parameters should be paid.
7-Hydroxymatairesinol improves body weight, fat and sugar metabolism in C57BJ/6 mice on a high-fat diet (2018)

7-Hydroxymatairesinol (7-HMR) is a plant lignan abundant in various concentrations in plant foods. The objective of this study was to test HMRLignan™, a purified form of 7-HMR, and the corresponding Picea abies extract (total extract P. abies; TEP) as dietary supplements on a background of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome in mice and in the 3T3-L1 adipogenesis model. Mice, 3 weeks old, were fed a HFD for 60 d. Subgroups were treated with 3 mg/kg body weight 7-HMR (HMRLignan™) or 10 mg/kg body weight TEP by oral administration. 7-HMR and TEP limited the increase in body weight (-11 and -13 %) and fat mass (-11 and -18 %) in the HFD-fed mice. Epididymal adipocytes were 19 and -12 % smaller and the liver was less steatotic (-62 and -65 %). Serum lipids decreased in TEP-treated mice (-11 % cholesterol, -23 % LDL and -15 % TAG) and sugar metabolism was ameliorated by both lignan preparations, as shown by a more than 70 % decrease in insulin secretion and insulin resistance. The expression of several metabolic genes was modulated by the HFD with an effect that was reversed by lignan. In 3T3-L1 cells, the 7-HMR metabolites enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END) showed a 40 % inhibition of cell differentiation accompanied by the inhibited expression of the adipogenic genes PPARγ, C/EBPα and aP2. Furthermore, END and ENL caused a 10 % reduction in TAG uptake in HEPA 1-6 hepatoma cells. In conclusion, 7-HMR and TEP reduce metabolic imbalances typical of the metabolic syndrome and obesity in male mice, whereas their metabolites inhibit adipogenesis and lipid uptake in vitro.
Psychiatric Symptoms and Barriers to Care in HIV-Infected Individuals Who Are Lost to Care (2017)

Past studies of barriers to HIV care have not comprehensively assessed psychiatric symptoms, and few have assessed barriers to care among people living with HIV (PLWH) who are lost to care (LTC). We examined psychiatric symptoms, barriers to HIV care, and immune functioning in PLWH who were retained in care (RIC; n = 21) or LTC (n = 21). Participants completed diagnostic interviews for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychiatric disorders, self-report measures of HIV risk behaviors and psychiatric symptoms, and a blood draw to assess viral load. Compared to RIC participants, LTC participants met criteria for a greater number of psychiatric disorders and reported greater depressive symptoms and more barriers to HIV care. There were no group differences in PTSD severity, risk behaviors, or viral load, suggesting that LTC individuals experience greater psychiatric problems and perceive more barriers to care than RIC participants, but are not less likely to have achieved viral suppression.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Public Sewer Systems in Korean Local Governments: Focusing on Economies of Scale, Density, and Scope (2017)

본 연구는 지방하수도서비스를 제공하는 기초자치단체의 하수도공기업을 대상으로 효율성을 측정하고, 효율성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 72개 하수도공기업의 총 5개년도(2011~2015) 결산자료를 활용하여 DEA-Window 분석을 통해 동태적 효율성을 측정하였다. 또한, 패널토빗회귀분석(panl tobit regression analysis)을 수행하여 지방하수도공기업의 효율성 영향요인을 분석하고 효율성 향상을 위한 논의에 정책적인 함의를 제공하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 지방하수도공기업의 효율성은 전반적으로 낮은 추세로 나타나 하수도 공급에 있어 효율성의 개선이 필요 한 것으로 나타났다. 지방하수도공기업 효율성의 영향요인을 분석한 결과, 지방하수도서비스에서 밀도의 경제(하수처 리 인구밀도)와 범위의 경제(상하수도 통합운영) 효과가 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 재정자립도와 1인당 지방세 부담액 등 지방정부의 재정적 특성과 행정구역 단위 등의 요인을 고려할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 규모의 경제를 실현하기 위한 목적으로 하수도 관련 시설의 규모를 증가시키는 것보다는, 지방하수도공기업을 집약적으로 운영 하거나 서로 유사한 특성을 지니고 있는 상수도와의 통합 운영을 통해 효율성을 개선시키는 것이 보다 바람직한 방안이라는 점을 제시하였다.
“UR:BAN MV Human Factors in Traffic” – a German Research Project to Increase Safety in Urban Traffic (2013)

Within the framework of the German project initiative UR:BAN the project UR:BAN MV (German abbreviation for “Mensch im Verkehr”, i.e., “Human Factors in Traffic”) focuses on human-centered research and development tasks to increase the traffic safety in urban areas. The paper gives a brief overview about the motivation and objectives of the UR:BAN initiative. It presents in further detail the topics and first results of the project UR:BAN MV and its five sub-projects “Urban Driving”, “Urban-oriented Human-Machine Interaction”, “Intention Recognition & Behavior Prediction”, “Simulation” and “Controllability”.
Biological nutrient removal in a continuous biofilm process (2017)

Abstract A new biological phosphorous and nitrogen removal process is developed. The process is based on biofilm on carrier elements with enhanced biological phosphorous removal and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a continuous process. Results from 3 years of pilot and laboratory experiments are presented with regards to removal of organic substances, phosphorous and nitrogen. This process demonstrates essential benefits and improved performance compared to other EBPR-processes in operation today. The first full scale plant was put in operation in May 2016 at Hias WWTP in Norway.
Development of a high spatial resolution X-ray fluorescence element mapping spectrometer for nondestructive analysis of biological samples. (1992)

試料中の元素分布を生きたままで非破壊的に観察することを目的として,高分解能蛍光X線元素マッピング装置を開発した.光源に比較的低エネルギーのKα線を発する銅管球を,集光にガラスキャピラリーを使用し,又大面積の半導体検出器2個を使用することで空間分解能を16μmまで向上させることに成功した、この値は従来の装置の約1/10に相当し,検出能はほぼ同程度の値を維持することができた.開発したマッピング装置を使用して酸性雨模擬溶液を滴下した場合及び,X線を長時間照射した場合のマメ科植物の葉中での元素分布の経時変化を生きたままで観察した.これらの結果を比較したところ,酸滴下とX線照射障害で特に障害発生初期段階の元素移動挙動に差異のあることが示唆された.又希少な医学標本の非破壊分析として,原因不明の脳結石病の解剖標本の元素マッピングを行い,発症機構解明に寄与する情報を得ることができた.
Controlling the Biological Behaviors of Polymer-Coated Upconverting Nanoparticles by Adjusting the Linker Length of Estrone Ligands (2022)

The estrone ligand is used for modifying nanoparticle surfaces to improve their targeting effect on cancer cell lines. However, to date, there is no common agreement on the ideal linker length to be used for the optimum targeting performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of poly(poly ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMEMA) linker length on the cellular uptake behavior of polymer-coated upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). Different <i>tri</i>block terpolymers, poly(poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-<i>block</i>-polymethacrylic acid-<i>block</i>-polyethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (PPEGMEMA<sub><i>x</i></sub>-<i>b</i>-PMAA<sub><i>y</i></sub>-<i>b</i>-PEGMP<sub>3</sub>: <i>x</i> = 7, 15, 33, and 80; <i>y</i> = 16, 20, 18, and 18), were synthesized with different polymer linker chain lengths between the surface and the targeting ligand by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The estrone ligand was attached to the polymer via specific terminal conjugation. The cellular association of polymer-coated UCNPs with linker chain lengths was evaluated in MCF-7 cells by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the bioactivity of ligand modification is dependent on the length of the polymer linker. The shortest polymer PPEGMEMA<sub>7</sub>-<i>b</i>-PMAA<sub>16</sub>-<i>b</i>-PEGMP<sub>3</sub> with estrone at the end of the polymer chain was found to have the best cellular association behavior in the estrogen receptor (ER)α-positive expression cell line MCF-7. Additionally, the anticancer drug doxorubicin•HCl was encapsulated in the nanocarrier to evaluate the 2D and 3D cytotoxicity. The results showed that estrone modification could efficiently improve the cellular uptake in ERα-positive expression cell lines and in 3D spheroid models.
Thermoplastic processing of protein‐based bioplastics: chemical engineering aspects of mixing, extrusion and hot molding (2003)

Abstract Proteins, as heteropolymers, offer a large range of possible interactions and chemical reactions. The thermoplastic behavior of proteins has been studied in order to produce bioplastics by thermal or thermomechanical processes such as mixing, extrusion or hot molding. The extrusion trials were performed by using a co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder, recording torque, temperature and die pressure. Batch mixing was done in a two blade counter‐rotating mixer, with continuous recording of torque and product temperature. Proteins were alternatively extruded, mixed or hot molded under a large range of processing conditions. Protein aggregation during each process was estimated from the accumulation of SDS‐insoluble protein fraction. Protein aggregation evidences a cross‐linking reaction the activation energy of which was dependent on the thermoplastic process used. The increase in network density appears to be induced by the severity of the treatment: temperature and shear strongly affect the structural characteristics of the protein‐based bioplastics.
Alprazolam in the treatment of social phobia. (1988)

Pharmacological treatment of social phobia has not been extensively studied. Recent reports suggest that social phobia may be treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, beta-blockers, or clonidine. The authors describe four patients with social phobia who responded moderately to markedly well when treated with the triazolobenzodiazepine alprazolam. Patients with social phobia and patients with agoraphobia with panic attacks differ in the focus of anxiety, sensitivity to lactate infusion, and the pattern of symptoms during anxiety episodes. However, there is significant overlap in the clinical features of these two patient groups. The preliminary finding that several types of pharmacological agents that are effective in treating agoraphobia with panic attacks may also be effective in treating social phobia suggests that the two disorders may share some common pathophysiology.
Experimental Analysis of a Particle Separator Design With Full-Field Three-Dimensional Measurements (2020)

Abstract Particle ingestion into turbine engines can cause significant damage through deposition in internal cooling passages. Musgrove et al. proposed a compact particle separator installed between the combustor bypass exit and turbine vane cooling passage inlet. The design had small pressure losses but provided limited particle separation. Its performance has proved difficult to replicate. Borup et al. recently developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique for full-field, 3D measurements of the mean particle concentration distribution in complex flows. A particle separator based on the Musgrove et al. design was fabricated out of plastic using 3D printing, with the addition of a drain from the collector through which 3% of the total flow was extracted. The separator efficiency was measured at two Reynolds numbers, using water as the working fluid and 33-μm titanium microspheres to represent dust particles. Stokes number was shown to play the dominant role in determining efficiency across studies. MRI was used to obtain the 3D particle volume fraction and three-component velocity fields. The velocity data showed that flow was poorly distributed between the separator louvers, while the collector flow followed the optimal pattern for particle retention. The MRI data revealed that strong swirling flow in the collector centrifuged particles toward the outer wall of the collector and into a partitioned region of quiescent flow, where they proceeded to exit the collector. Future designs could be improved by re-arranging the louvers to produce a more uniform flow distribution, while maintaining the effective collector design.
A Silicon Oxide Antireflective Layer For Optical Lithography Using Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Deposition (1996)

Using electron cyclotron resonance plasma deposition, we have developed an SiO x film as an antireflective layer (ARL) for the gate process of LSI fabrication by i-line and KrF lithography. The ARL is an absorption type and is 100 nm thick. The estimated optimum optical properties of the ARL for i-line were n =2.3–2.6 and k =0.5–0.6. For KrF, they were n =1.8–2.1 and k =0.5–0.6. An SiO x film having these properties can be reproducibly deposited at SiH 4 /O 2 gas flow rate ratio of 1.3 for i-line and 1.1 for KrF. The chemical compositions of the films are SiO 0.5 for i-line and SiO 1.0 for KrF. The SiO 0.5 film was used as an i-line ARL for 0.35-µ m LSI gate fabrication and superior process performance and sufficient critical dimension controllability (variation within 19 nm of 3σ) were obtained.