gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Packaging signals in single-stranded RNA viruses: nature’s alternative to a purely electrostatic assembly mechanism (2013)

The formation of a protective protein container is an essential step in the life-cycle of most viruses. In the case of single-stranded (ss)RNA viruses, this step occurs in parallel with genome packaging in a co-assembly process. Previously, it had been thought that this process can be explained entirely by electrostatics. Inspired by recent single-molecule fluorescence experiments that recapitulate the RNA packaging specificity seen in vivo for two model viruses, we present an alternative theory, which recognizes the important cooperative roles played by RNA-coat protein interactions, at sites we have termed packaging signals. The hypothesis is that multiple copies of packaging signals, repeated according to capsid symmetry, aid formation of the required capsid protein conformers at defined positions, resulting in significantly enhanced assembly efficiency. The precise mechanistic roles of packaging signal interactions may vary between viruses, as we have demonstrated for MS2 and STNV. We quantify the impact of packaging signals on capsid assembly efficiency using a dodecahedral model system, showing that heterogeneous affinity distributions of packaging signals for capsid protein out-compete those of homogeneous affinities. These insights pave the way to a new anti-viral therapy, reducing capsid assembly efficiency by targeting of the vital roles of the packaging signals, and opens up new avenues for the efficient construction of protein nanocontainers in bionanotechnology.
Development of Press-Forming Technique for Bent Automotive Body Parts Using In-Plane Shear Deformation (2022)

A new press-forming technique using in-plane shear deformation was developed for suppressing fractures and wrinkles of curved shapes in the height direction, for automobile body parts such as the front-side member rear. The developed technique is a two-step processes, draw-forming to induce in-plane shear strain and bending into a curved shape. From experiments on a simplified curve part, in-plane shear deformation which is effective for suppressing fractures and wrinkles occurred in the first process when the press stroke changed along the longitudinal direction of the part. When the induced in-plane shear deformation was increased, a part with a higher curved angle in the height direction could be formed in the second process. Then, we conducted press trials of a front-side member rear model using a 1180 MPa-grade ultrahigh-strength steel sheet to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed technique. The results suggested that a complex curved part could be formed without fractures or wrinkles when in-plane shear deformation was induced in the first process.
Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Results of a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial (2006)

Adalimumab was well-tolerated during the 24-week study period and was associated with a significant and sustained reduction in the signs and symptoms of active AS.
Microdrilling, -scribing and cutting with high-quality and high-power ns-Nd:YAG-systems (2003)

To meet the industry's demand for reducing machine cycle lengths concerning laser-drilling a Nd:YAG Master-Oscillator Power-Amplifier (MOPA)-system was developed at the LMTB-laboratories that emits high-power peak-pulses at excellent beam-quality. Presently, the output power of the oscillator (10W@1064nm) with a beam-quality of M<sup>2</sup> = 1.3 is amplified to 95W@1064 nm with M<sup>2</sup>=2.3 and a single pulse energy up to 500 mJ. The pulse duration can be varied between 26 and 230 ns. On account of the excellent beam quality, frequency conversion resulted in 49W@532nm and 4.8@266nm. The MOPA-System is used for laser micro drilling experiments into metals and ceramics where the influence of the beam quality on the geometrical shape of the hole is investigated and compared with applications conducted with similar laser systems. Additionally means in optimizing the drilling process such as burr-minimizing and melt-reduction were introduced. Furthermore, experiments using tapered drilling technique are undertaken. A maximum aspect ratio of 1:200 in stainless steel was obtained.
An insulated gate bipolar transistor with high surge endurance (1996)

Abstract The relationship between the device property under drain‐source breakdown and device structure parameters of insulated gate bipolar transistors was simulated. Then the following facts were revealed: 1) the impurity concentration in the n − drain layer and the layer thickness determine the breakdown mode. One such mode is the avalanche‐suppressed punch‐through mode proposed by the authors, where the depletion layer in the n − drain layer reaches the p + drain substrate and breakdown is caused by the hole injection from the p + drain substrate to the n − drain layer. Another mode is the nonpunch‐through mode, where avalanche takes place in the neighborhood of the junction between the p body layer and n − drain layer, causing breakdown; 2) the breakdown energy spreads more and the hot carrier concentration near the device surface is lower in the avalanche‐suppressed insulated gate bipolar transistor than in the nonpunch‐through insulated gate bipolar transistor. As a result, the breakdown resistance of the former transistor is higher than that of the latter transistor; and 3) it was found that the breakdown voltage is more stable against the changes in the drain current and temperature in the former transistor than in the latter transistor. It was found also that the former transistor has a higher surge energy endurance than the latter transistor.
Fragment Screening of RORγt Using Cocktail Crystallography: Identification of Simultaneous Binding of Multiple Fragments (2016)

The retinoic-acid-related orphan receptor γ t (RORγt), as a master regulator of Th17 cell pathology, has become an attractive target for small-molecule drug discovery for the treatment of Th17-cell-related autoimmune diseases. A crystallographic fragment screening was carried out for RORγt using the ligand binding domain. An overall hit rate of 5.5 % was obtained by screening 384 compounds in 96 cocktails. Five distinct hotspots were identified, and four regions of anchoring polar interactions were observed. In addition, significant induced fit was found for the binding of several fragments. Strikingly, a simultaneous binding of three fragments was revealed which presents interesting features including π-π stacking, multiple hydrogen bonds to the protein, and significant induced fit. Overall, the results offer a complete mapping of the ligand binding pocket and provide valuable inspiration in structure-based design for RORγt lead generation and optimization. The crystallographic screening also resulted in fragment hits that bind at the surface away from the ligand binding pocket. This surface site is near the plausible dimer interface by analogy with other nuclear receptor systems, which can provide initial hints to explore alternative ways to modulate RORγt through protein-protein interactions.
Design and performance of denitrification bioreactors for agricultural drainage (2011)

33 Introduction 33 Methods and Materials 35 Results & Discussion 38 Conclusions 45 Acknowledgements 45 References 46 CHAPTER 3 OPTIMIZED DENITRIFICATION BIOREACTOR TREATMENT THROUGH SIMULATED DRAINAGE CONTAINMENT 48 Abstract 48 48 Introduction 48 Methods 50
Determination of Atomic Hydrogen Density by Lyman-Alpha Laser Fluorescence Spectroscopy (1985)

Atomic hydrogen densities and their detection limit were determined accurately by vacuum ultraviolet laser fluorescence spectroscopy, tuned to the Lyman alpha line, using the third harmonic generation of a tunable dye laser pumped by a XeCl excimer laser as the excitation source. A well-characterized atomic hydrogen source, whose absolute density was measured by absorption, was used to assess the detection capability of the laser fluorescence spectroscopy, which gave absolute density determinations to within ±30% and a detection limit of 3×10 15 m -3 .
Monte video (1889)

Monte video Get access R. C. A. P. R. C. A. P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-VII, Issue 158, 5 January 1889, Page 7, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-VII.158.7e Published: 05 January 1889
Port Management to Reduce Logging in Large-Scale NATs (2016)

Various IPv6 transition strategies require the introduction of large-
scale NATs (e.g., AFTR and NAT64) to share the limited supply of IPv4
addresses available in the network until transition is complete. There
has recently been debate over how to manage the sharing of ports
between different subscribers sharing the same IPv4 address. One
factor in the discussion is the operational requirement to log the
assignment of transport addresses to subscribers. It has been argued
that dynamic assignment of individual ports between subscribers
requires the generation of an excessive volume of logs. This document
suggests a way to achieve dynamic port sharing while keeping log
volumes low.
<title>Future of printing: changes and challenges, technologies and markets</title> (1998)

Digitalization within the graphic arts industry is described and it is explained how it is improving and changing the print production strategies and which new kinds of print production systems are developed or can be expected. The relationship of printed media and electronic media is analyzed and a positioning for the next century is given. The state of the art of conventional printing technologies, especially using direct imagine techniques, and their position within the digital workflow are shortly described. Non-impact printing multicolor printing systems are explained, based on general design criteria and linked to existing and newly announced equipment. The use of high-tech components for building up successful systems with high reliability, high quality and low production costs is included with some examples. Digital printing systems open many opportunities in print production: distributed printing, personalization, print and book on demand are explained as examples. The overview of the several printing technologies and their positioning regarding quality and productivity leads to the scenario about the important position of printed media, also in the distant future.
Suramin-Induced Skin Reactions (1992)

Cutaneous toxicity was a frequent and, often, self-limited side effect of suramin therapy, occurring in 13 (65%) patients. Keratoacanthoma and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis have not previously been reported to occur with suramin therapy. The immunosuppressive effect of suramin may induce the keratoacanthoma and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis lesions.
Discrimination of heart sounds using higher-order statistics (2002)

A new way of heart sounds discrimination based on higher-order statistics is presented in this paper. The diagnostic character of cardiac auscultation is examined in a new domain, the higher-order spectra domain. The proposed analysis takes into account the nonlinearities of the signal, since it preserves the phase information, and assumes that heart sounds are non-Gaussian processes. In this way, a nonlinear analysis of heart sounds is introduced expanding the process of heart sounds to more accurate estimations of their true character. The proposed analysis was conducted on preclassified signals selected from a teaching tape. The derived results have shown that higher-order statistics define new differences in heart sounds analysis, characterizing efficiently various cardiac pathologies or the severity of cardiac dysfunction associated with the heart sounds.
Primeras noticias sobre Tulaytula: Ibn Habib e Ibn Abd al-Hakam (2001)

Con este trabajo se pretende analizar la imagen que las cronicas mas tempranas ofrecen de Toledo a traves de la traduccion anotada y comentada de las primeras noticias conservadas acerca de la ciudad, las que aparecen en el Kitab alta'rtj de Abd aI-Malik b. Habib y en el Futuh Misr de lIso Abd al-Hakam
Time-Varying Formation Control for Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems with Actuator Faults (2021)

This paper considers the time-varying formation control for heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MASs) with actuator faults. The MASs conclude unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The communication network of the MASs is a strongly connected directed graph. Firstly, UAVs and UGVs are simplified to second-order models. An adaptive direct fault compensation control scheme is developed to settle the problem of time-varying formation control for two-dimensional model of UAVs and UGVs with actuator faults. Similarly, control protocols are proposed to address the consensus of Z-axis model of UAVs afterwards. Finally, Simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed control laws.
Metabolic bone response to exercise loading is predictive of joint degeneration after 2 years in OA knees (2023)

Hybrid [ 18 F]sodium fluoride PET-MRI was used to evaluate the relationship between the bone metabolic response to exercise and joint changes over two years in osteoarthritic (OA) knees, including changes in cartilage T2 relaxation times as well as structural changes in bone and cartilage. Regions in OA knees that experienced structural changes over two years had increased PET metabolic bone response to exercise compared to regions that did not. Bone response to exercise may be a useful metric to predict joint changes in OA.
Distributed Rate-Dependent Elastoslide Model for Elastomeric Lag Dampers (2007)

To describe the nonlinear behavior of elastomeric dampers, a distributed rate-dependent elastoslide model is developed based on physically motivated damping mechanisms of a filled elastomer. Mathematically, the forced response of an elastomeric damper under a harmonic displacement excitation is developed from a summation of an integral of distributed yield force and a linear-spring force. This physically motivated model consists of rate-dependent elastoslide elements, using a distribution law to account for the yield force, and a parallel polymer residual stiffness. The selection of a yield-distribution function is based on an initial loading curve determined from force vs displacement hysteresis cycles over a broad amplitude range. The fidelity of this five-parameter time-domain model is justified by comparing measured and reconstructed damper responses, that is, steady-state hysteresis cycles, as well as by comparing complex modulus. The elastoslide model is formulated in the state space to improve ease of implementation into helicopter dynamics analyses.
Windows 98: Unleashed (1998)

Windows 98 Unleashed provides you with comprehensive coverage of the newest Windows features. This complete reference will guide you to discover Internet Explorer 4.0 and the Active Desktop; set up Outlook Express for Internet mail and CompuServe mail; master installation, configuration, and customization of Windows 98 including dual-booting; unlock the multimedia potential of Windows 98; create a perfect workspace to maximize your productivity; tap into the powerful Registry; understand Microsoft networking, including TCP/IP connections; and troubleshoot your system using the book's special Troubleshooting sections.
Facile Access to Amides from Oxygenated or Unsaturated Organic Compounds by Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts Derived from Single-Source Molecular Precursors (2017)

Oxidative amidation is a valuable process for the transformation of oxygenated organic compounds to valuable amides. However, the reaction is severely limited by the use of an expensive catalyst and limited substrate scope. To circumvent these limitations, designing a transition-metal-based nanocatalyst via more straightforward and economical methodology with superior catalytic performances with broad substrate scope is desirable. To resolve the aforementioned issues, we report a facile method for the synthesis of nanocatalysts NiO and CuO by the sol-gel-assisted thermal decomposition of complexes [Ni(hep-H)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub> (SSMP-1) and [Cu(μ-hep)(BA)]<sub>2</sub> (SSMP-2) [hep-H = 2-(2-hydroxylethyl)pyridine; BA = benzoic acid] as single-source molecular precursors (SSMPs) for the oxidative amidation of benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and BA by using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent and as an amine source, in the presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant, at T = 80 °C. In addition to nanocatalysts NiO and CuO, our previously reported Co/CoO nanocatalyst (CoNC), derived from the complex [Co<sup>II</sup>(hep-H)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub> (A) as an SSMP, was also explored for the aforementioned reaction. Also, we have carefully investigated the difference in the catalytic performance of Co-, Ni-, and Cu-based nanoparticles synthesized from the SSMP for the conversion of various oxygenated and unsaturated organic compounds to their respective amides. Among all, CuO showed an optimum catalytic performance for the oxidative amidation of various oxygenated and unsaturated organic compounds with a broad reaction scope. Finally, CuO can be recovered unaltered and reused for several (six times) recycles without any loss in catalytic activity.
A general approach for minimizing the current ripple in induction motor drives controlled by SVM technique (2002)

In this paper an analytical approach useful for predicting the current ripple in induction motor drives controlled by SVM technique is presented. The analysis is applied for determining the optimal modulation technique that minimizes the RMS value of the current ripple. The minimization procedure is based on the analysis of the locus described by the current ripple in the /spl alpha/-/spl beta/ reference frame. As a result, a simple equation has been obtained, which allows the on-line calculation of the optimal SVM switching pattern. It has been verified that it is possible to obtain a current ripple lower than that of symmetric modulation, and with a reduced number of commutations.
New Weathering Test Method for Sealants and Preliminary Experimental Results (2009)

Abstract A new sealant weathering test method expands on existing test methodologies. In ASTM C719, repeated movement cycles were shown to be important to reproduce some of the damage seen on real buildings. Weathering tests done previously demonstrate that water, sunlight (especially the UV portion), and heat are all important degradation factors that act on real buildings. Thus this new test combines water, heat, light, and movement acting on a sealant joint, fabricated to an ASTM C719 joint configuration, in artificial weathering machines. The joints are also subjected to identical movement in four different climates. Correlations of the damage done to various sealants in four varied U.S. climates and the artificial weathering machines are explored.
Correlation of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow with Ischemic Electroencephalographic Changes during Sevoflurane-Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia for Carotid Endarterectomy (1998)

The rCBF50 of 0.6-1.2% sevoflurane in 50% N2O, as determined using logistic regression analysis, is 11.5 +/- 1.4 ml 100 g(-1) x min(-1). Further, in patients anesthetized in this manner, ischemic EEG changes due to carotid occlusion were accurately and rapidly detected.
Thioredoxin and dihydrolipoic acid inhibit elastase activity in cystic fibrosis sputum (2005)

Excessive neutrophil elastase activity within airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients results in progressive lung damage. Disruption of disulfide bonds on elastase by reducing agents may modify its enzymatic activity. Three naturally occurring dithiol reducing systems were examined for their effects on elastase activity: 1) Escherichia coli thioredoxin (Trx) system, 2) recombinant human thioredoxin (rhTrx) system, and 3) dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). The Trx systems consisted of Trx, Trx reductase, and NADPH. As shown by spectrophotometric assay of elastase activity, the two Trx systems and DHLA inhibited purified human neutrophil elastase as well as the elastolytic activity present in the soluble phase (sol) of CF sputum. Removal of any of the three Trx system constituents prevented inhibition. Compared with the monothiols N-acetylcysteine and reduced glutathione, the dithiols displayed greater elastase inhibition. To streamline Trx as an investigational tool, a stable reduced form of rhTrx was synthesized and used as a single component. Reduced rhTrx inhibited purified elastase and CF sputum sol elastase without NADPH or Trx reductase. Because Trx and DHLA have mucolytic effects, we investigated changes in elastase activity after mucolytic treatment. Unprocessed CF sputum was directly treated with reduced rhTrx, the Trx system, DHLA, or DNase. The Trx system and DHLA did not increase elastase activity, whereas reduced rhTrx treatment increased sol elastase activity by 60%. By contrast, the elastase activity after DNase treatment increased by 190%. The ability of Trx and DHLA to limit elastase activity combined with their mucolytic effects makes these compounds potential therapies for CF.
Neural Network Based Mental Depression Identification and Sentiments Classification Technique From Speech Signals: A COVID-19 Focused Pandemic Study (2021)

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2020. This led to previously unforeseen measures that aimed to curb its spread, such as the lockdown of cities, districts, and international travel. Various researchers and institutions have focused on multidimensional opportunities and solutions in encountering the COVID-19 pandemic. This study focuses on mental health and sentiment validations caused by the global lockdowns across the countries, resulting in a mental disability among individuals. This paper discusses a technique for identifying the mental state of an individual by sentiment analysis of feelings such as anxiety, depression, and loneliness caused by isolation and pauses to the normal chains of operations in daily life. The research uses a Neural Network (NN) to resolve and extract patterns and validate threshold trained datasets for decision making. This technique was used to validate 2,173 global speech samples, and the resulting accuracy of mental state and sentiments are identified with 93.5% accuracy in classifying the behavioral patterns of patients suffering from COVID-19 and pandemic-influenced depression.
Nanoparticle Liquids for Reconfigurable Electronic Materials (Preprint) (2007)

High inorganic volume fraction, solventless nanoparticle liquids have many potential applications, including reconfigurable electronic materials. Materials such as conductive lubricants could find applications in MEMS devices to increase relay switch performance as one example. The ability of the conductive nanoparticles to reconfigure themselves and fill voids in damaged areas can increase the lifespan of devices where local defects can cause failure states. Solventless solid nanoparticles with liquid-like properties are an area of recent research interest. For example, Giannelis and colleagues have reported metal oxide and metal nanoparticle liquids which contain no free solvent but still can flow in a liquid-like fashion. These materials contain large organic ligands bound to the surface of the nanoparticle through a combination of covalent and electrostatic bonds. By optimizing the attractive and repulsive forces between the nanoparticles through the surface chemistry of these organic ligands, the properties of the resulting liquids can be tailored.