gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blackboard-based extensions in Prolog (1996)

This paper presents the embedding of blackboard communication primitives in Prolog. Blackboard communication is a simple but powerful form of communication that is based upon the availability of a global data structure that can be accessed by any process in a controlled way. This results in a parallel language that exploits coarse-grained application parallelism and that is related to the Linda framework. This paper contains a description of the blackboard communication primitives at the language and at the implementation level, and it is illustrated with several programming examples.
Description and evaluation of a tropospheric ozone lidar implemented on an existing lidar in the southern subtropics (1999)

Rayleigh-Mie lidar measurements of stratospheric temperature and aerosol profiles have been carried out at Reunion Island (southern tropics) since 1993. Since June 1998, an operational extension of the system is permitting additional measurements of tropospheric ozone to be made by differential absorption lidar. The emission wavelengths (289 and 316 nm) are obtained by stimulated Raman shifting of the fourth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser in a high-pressure deuterium cell. A mosaic of four parabolic mirrors collects the backscattered signal, and the transmission is processed by the multiple fiber collector method. The altitude range of ozone profiles obtained with this system is 3¿17 km. Technical details of this lidar system working in the southern tropics, comparisons of ozone lidar profiles with radiosondes, and scientific perspectives are presented. The significant lack of tropospheric ozone measurements in the tropical and equatorial regions, the particular scientific interest in these regions, and the altitude range of the ozone measurements to 16¿17 km make this lidar supplement useful and its adaptation technically conceivable at many Rayleigh-Mie lidar stations.
Optimal Disk Storage Allocation for Multitier Storage System (2013)

The current storage system is facing the bottleneck of performance due to the gap between fast CPU computing speed and the slow response time of hard disk. Recently a multitier hybrid storage system (MTHS) which uses fast flash devices like a solid-state drive (SSD) as the one of the high performance storage tiers has been proposed to boost the storage system performance. In order to maintain the overall performance of the MTHS, optimal disk storage assignment has to be designed so that the data migrated to the high performance tier like SSD is the optimal set of data. In this paper we proposed a optimal data allocation algorithm for disk storage in MTHS. The data allocation problem (DAP) is to find the optimal lists of data files for each storage tier in the MTHS to achieve maximal benefit values without exceeding the available size of each tier. We formulate the DAP as a special multiple choice knapsack problem (MCKP) and propose the multiple-stage dynamic programming (MDP) to find the optimal solutions. The results show that the MDP can achieve improvements up to 6 times compared with the existing greedy algorithms.
Wide-field vibrational phase imaging in an extremely folded box-coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering geometry (2013)

International audience
Preliminary Observations Upon the Proteins of the Human Lens (1973)

This chapter contains section titled: Acknowledgement References Discussion References
THE GAS-PHASE SPECTRA OF THE 1-INDANYL RADICAL (2009)

T. Izumida, K. Inoue, S. Noda, and H. Yoshida, \textit{Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.N. J. Reilly, D. L. Kokkin, M. Nakajima, K. Nauta, S. H. Kable, and T. W. Schmidt, \textit{J. Am. Chem. Soc.
Ultrastructural and Functional Analyses of Recombinant Influenza Virus Ribonucleoproteins Suggest Dimerization of Nucleoprotein during Virus Amplification (2000)

Influenza virus ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) were reconstituted in vivo from cloned cDNAs expressing the three polymerase subunits, the nucleoprotein (NP), and short template RNAs. The structure of purified RNPs was studied by electron microscopy and image processing. Circular and elliptic structures were obtained in which the NP and the polymerase complex could be defined. Comparison of the structure of RNPs of various lengths indicated that each NP monomer interacts with approximately 24 nucleotides. The analysis of the amplification of RNPs with different lengths showed that those with the highest replication efficiency contained an even number of NP monomers, suggesting that the NP is incorporated as dimers into newly synthesized RNPs.
Challenges in numerical simulation of nanosecond-pulse discharges (2019)

Abstract Nanosecond-pulse electrical discharges offer an efficient means of plasma generation in applications, but accurate numerical simulation of these discharges remains extremely challenging. The continuing difficulties lie in an enormous separation of space and time scales, a lack of transport and kinetic data, and extreme nonequilibrium physics. In the face of these challenges, we present an example of good practice in selecting the physical model and comprehensively checking numerical accuracy. We focus on a particular discharge experiment, and illustrate how simulations can provide useful guidance for ongoing experimental work, despite the difficulty of the simulations. The target experiments were carried out in a plane-to-plane electrode configuration with a 20 mm gap in 400 Pa (3 Torr) argon using 3 ns, 850 V pulses with a 30 kHz pulse repetition frequency. The model employed the drift-diffusion approximation for species motion, and the self-consistent electric field was obtained through the solution of the Poisson equation. The baseline physical model utilized the local field approximation. In an extended model, non-local-field effects on the electron temperature were investigated by solving a simplified electron energy equation. Calculations were carried out for both a pure argon kinetic model and an argon-water model. The model generally underestimated the measured electron number densities, but the inclusion of additional physical effects helped to reduce the discrepancy with experiment. These results represent a step toward efficient modeling of pulsed electrical discharges for applications to combustion enhancement, flow control, and plasma antennas.
Vapour-phase chemical derivatisation for the determination of surface functional groups by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1995)

A vacuum adsorption apparatus has been used for vapour-phase chemical derivatisation of standard polymers, to identify specific reactions for carboxylic acid and carbonyl functional groups. The reactivity and selectivity of trifluoroethanol (TFE)–pyridine-di-tert-butylcarbodiimide and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine for these respective groups were studied. Depths of reaction were also investigated using F 1s/F 2s peak intensity ratios determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The TFE–/pyridine-/di-tert-butylcarbodiimide system was found to be suitable for the selective derivatisation of carboxylic acid groups, achieving ca. 75% conversion of carboxylic acid groups. The depths of fluorine incorporation for both the TFE and TFAA reactions were found to be invariant with reaction time over the XPS sampling depth for the range of conditions studied. Derivatisation of carbonyl groups using 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine was not sufficiently selective, reactions being observed with hydroxy and carboxylic acid groups. Flame treatment of polyethylene produced oxidised surfaces with a variety of functional groups. Using the methods described above and previously reported the hydroxy and carboxylic acid group concentrations were found to be invariant with flame intensity, with the latter having the consistently lower concentration.
Modification of Risk of Arsenic-Induced Skin Lesions by Sunlight Exposure, Smoking, and Occupational Exposures in Bangladesh (2006)

These findings help explain why the risk of arsenic-related skin lesions was much greater in men than in women in Bangladesh. Because most arsenic-induced skin cancers arise from these skin lesions, treatment and remediation plans should take into consideration these etiologic cofactors.
A Highly Linear OTA with 759 µS gm for RF Transceiver Application (2019)

This paper presents a design of a highly linear fully differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) in 65nm CMOS Technology Process for RF transceiver application. To improve the linearity and the output common-mode voltage of the design OTA, a cross-coupled differential pair, and differential active loading were applied, respectively. The cross-coupled differential pair was taken from a single-ended OTA and utilized to form a fully differential OTA topology with two current mirrors. The presented OTA has a constant transconductance (gm) of 759 μS at Vin of 0V, a VDD of 1.2V and is linear at input voltages of -0.5V to 0.5V. The OTA core circuit has a gain of 22.4 dB, and unity-gain bandwidth of 280 MHz at a load of 0.2 pF and control voltage of 0.5V. The output common-mode voltage is kept close to Vdd/2 of 0.6V. The final circuit layout of the transconductance core with negative resistance circuit has dimensions of 37.22 μm x 64.59 μm. This paper also presents a pseudo-differential topology OTA for comparison purposes.
UAV Path Planning for Passive Emitter Localization (2012)

A path planning algorithm is presented for uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) trying to geolocate an emitter using passive payload sensors. The objective is to generate a sequence of waypoints for each vehicle that minimizes localization uncertainty. The path planning problem is cast as a nonlinear programming problem using an approximation of the Fisher information matrix (FIM) and solved at successive waypoints to generate vehicle trajectories. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated with simulation examples.
Occurrence and Fate of Perfluorochemicals in Soil Following the Land Application of Municipal Biosolids (2011)

The recent implementation of soil and drinking water screening guidance values for two perfluorochemicals (PFCs), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), reflects the growing concerns regarding the presence of these persistent and bioaccumulative chemicals in the natural environment. Previous work has established the potential risk to the environment from the land application of industrially contaminated biosolids, but studies focusing on environmental risk from land application of typical municipal biosolids are lacking. Thus, the present study investigated the occurrence and fate of PFCs from land-applied municipal biosolids by evaluating the levels, mass balance, desorption, and transport of PFCs in soils receiving application of municipal biosolids at various loading rates. This study is the first to report levels of PFCs in agricultural soils amended with typical municipal biosolids. PFOS was the dominant PFC in both biosolids (80-219 ng/g) and biosolids-amended soil (2-483 ng/g). Concentrations of all PFCs in soil increased linearly with increasing biosolids loading rate. These data were used to develop a model for predicting PFC soil concentrations in soils amended with typical municipal biosolids using cumulative biosolids loading rates. Mass balance calculations comparing PFCs applied vs those recovered in the surface soil interval indicated the potential transformation of PFC precursors. Laboratory desorption experiments indicated that the leaching potential of PFCs decreases with increasing chain length and that previously derived organic-carbon normalized partition coefficients may not be accurate predictors of the desorption of long-chain PFCs from biosolids-amended soils. Trace levels of PFCs were also detected in soil cores from biosolids-amended soils to depths of 120 cm, suggesting potential movement of these compounds within the soil profile over time and confirming the higher transport potential for short-chain PFCs in soils amended with municipal biosolids.
Silicon Microring Modulator with Integrated Heater and Temperature Sensor for Thermal Control (2010)

The first demonstration of a silicon microring modulator with both an integrated resistive heater and diode-based temperature sensor is shown. The temperature-sensor exhibits a linear response for more than an 85 °C external temperature range.
Low-energy shock wave therapy ameliorates ischemic-induced overactive bladder in a rat model with angiogenesis and increased expression of guanylate cyclase (2022)

Abstract This study was to evaluate whether Low-energy shock wave therapy (LESW) improves ischemic-induced overactive bladder in a rat model and investigate its therapeutic mechanisms. Sixteen-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: arterial injury (AI), AI with LESW (AI-SW), and control groups. LESW was irradiated in AI-SW during 20–23 weeks of age. At 24 weeks of age, a conscious cystometry was performed (each n = 8). Voiding interval was significantly shortened in AI (mean ± SEM: 5.1 ± 0.8 min) than in the control group (17.3 ± 3.0 min), whereas significant improvements were observed in AI-SW (14.9 ± 3.3 min). The bladder blood flow significantly increased in AI-SW than in AI. Gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the bladder was elevated 24 hours after LESW followed by increased protein expression in the late phase. Following results of microarray analysis, protein expression of GC alpha was higher in AI-SW and control groups than in AI. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) was also elevated in AI-SW. In histological examinations, rich vascularity was observed with positive stains of VEGF and GC in AI-SW. In addition to angiogenesis, activation of GC-cGMP may play a therapeutic role in the functional recovery of the bladder.
A case for meta-interworking: projecting CORBA meta-data into COM (2002)

The pressure to reduce the time and effort required to produce and update software components, together with the existence of multiple competing component worlds, has forced the introduction of interworking standards. Unfortunately the interworking standards fail to suitably address the need for access to meta information. In the light of meta-data being increasingly important for component environments, this inaccessibility of meta-data can lead to components being unusable by their intended clients. What exasperates the situation is that if access to meta-data repositories is provided using an implementation of the interworking standard, the information retrieved is incorrect. The paper describes these difficulties. To exemplify the solution, the construction of an adapter is described. This adapter provides access to the Common Object Request Broker Architectures' (CORBA) Interface Repository via the Interfaces of the Component Object Model's (COM) Type Library. This solution provides access to meta-data which is essential if the full benefit of interworking is to be realised.
Dechdigliotoxins A–C, Three Novel Disulfide-Bridged Gliotoxin Dimers from Deep-Sea Sediment Derived Fungus Dichotomomyces cejpii (2019)

Dechdigliotoxins A-C (<b>1-3</b>), which represented the first examples of gliotoxin dimers with an unprecedented exocyclic disulfide linkage, were obtained from a deep-sea derived fungus <i>Dichotomomyces cejpii</i> FS110. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configurations were unambiguously determined through quantum chemical calculations, as well as DP4+ probability simulations. The proposed biosynthetic pathway suggested <b>1-3</b> were generated from unusual L-Phe and D-Ser. All the isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four tumor cell lines.
2'-Deoxy-GTP in the microtubule cytoskeleton of neuronal cells cultured with nerve growth factor. (1992)

Tubulin, widely recognized as a GTP/GDP-binding protein, has been isolated in its polymerized state from rat PC12 cells and embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion neurons by Triton X-100 detergent extraction of the cytoskeletal fraction. Perchloric acid extraction and deproteinization of this fraction permitted subsequent analysis of nucleotide identity and content by high performance liquid chromatography. PC12 cells grown in the absence of nerve growth factor (NGF) contained ADP, ATP, GDP, and GTP at levels consistent with the actin and tubulin content of the cytoskeletal fraction. Microtubules from PC12 cells cultured in the presence of NGF contain an additional nucleotide that we have identified as dGTP. Analysis of whole cell nucleotide extracts from PC12 cells grown in the absence or presence of NGF revealed no evidence for the presence of dGTP at 4 and 14 days, respectively. We have determined that embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion neurons also contain this deoxyribonucleotide, and we found virtually no ADP or ATP in the extracted dorsal root ganglion cytoskeletal fraction. On the basis of metabolic labeling studies with [14C] guanine, we have inferred that the presence of dGTP in NGF-treated PC12 cells probably arises either from binding to the nonexchangeable nucleotide site of tubulin undergoing dynamic assembly/disassembly or from binding to the exchangeable site of tubulin subsequently incorporated into highly stabilized microtubules.
Adrenergic Subsensitivity of a Cell‐free Adenylate Cyclase from Rat Brain after Chronic Imipramine Treatment (1980)

Abstract A particulate adenylate cyclase was prepared from cerebral cortex of rats which had been chronically treated with imipramine. Noradrenaline stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was significantly reduced compared to untreated controls. Neither total phosphodiesterase activity nor basal and maximal adenylate cyclase activity were altered by the imipramine treatment. This indicates the development of adrenoceptor subsensitivity which is functionally retained in the cell‐free enzyme preparation.
Mapping densely packed GPIIb/IIIa receptors in murine blood platelets with expansion microscopy (2021)

Abstract Interrogating small platelets and their densely packed, highly abundant receptor landscape is key to understand platelet clotting, a process that can save lives when stopping blood loss after an injury, but also kill when causing heart attack, stroke or pulmonary embolism. The underlying key receptor distributions and interactions, in particular the relevance of integrin clustering, are not fully understood is because of highly abundant and densely distributed GPIIb/IIIa receptors. This makes receptor distributions difficult to assess even by super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. Here, we combine dual-color expansion and confocal microscopy with colocalization analysis to assess platelet receptor organization without the need of a super-resolution microscope. We show that 4x expansion is highly straight-forward for super-resolution microscopy of platelets, while 10x expansion provides higher precision at the price of increased efforts in sample preparation and imaging. Quantifying various receptor colocalization scenarios we demonstrate that expansion microscopy can pinpoint receptor distributions and interactions in resting and activated platelets being superior to conventional methods that fail in such dense 3D scenarios with highly abundant receptors. We reveal the presence of GPIIb/IIIa clusters in resting platelets, which are not affected by platelet activation indicating that they contribute to the rapid platelet response during platelet clotting. Graphical Abstract
Deposition of GaAs (111) epilayers on BaF2 (111)/Si (100) heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy (1997)

The epitaxial deposition of (111)-oriented GaAs on substrates consisting of BaF2 (111)/Si (100) heterostructures has been investigated. The temperature dependence (from 575 to 650 °C in 25 °C steps) of the initial stages of deposition was examined. Substrates were exposed to Ga and As fluxes simultaneously during these depositions. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction showed that the GaAs grows epitaxially between 575 and 625 °C. The amount of material adhering to the surface during deposition decreases as the substrate temperature increases. GaAs does not adhere to the surface at 650 °C. Analysis of the Ba 3d5/2 photoelectron peak indicated a surface chemical reaction between Ba and the GaAs. In order to determine which species was reacting with the Ba atoms, a BaF2 (111) surface was exposed separately to Ga and As fluxes at 625 °C and to Ga at 650 °C. No chemical interactions were observed, indicating that the presence of both species is required before the chemical reaction and subsequent epitaxial deposition will occur. A chemical reaction that produces a gaseous GaF byproduct resulting in a Ba “template” layer is proposed. This Ba layer facilitates the epitaxial deposition of the GaAs layer.
La résistance multicellulaire : un autre mécanisme de résistance pléiotropique? (1998)

Des cellules cultivees sous forme de spheroides montrent une heterogeneite similaire a celle observee dans les tumeurs in vitro. Dans les couches superficielles des spheroides, les cellules proliferent, dans les couches plus profondes elles sont hors cycle, alors que dans le centre elles forment un noyau necrotique. Une resistance multicellulaire apparait dans les spheroides, elle resulte du contact des cellules avec les voisines (cellules homologues ou heterologues) et/ou avec la matrice extracellulaire. Le mecanisme de cette resistance n’est pas connu ; neanmoins, on peut penser qu’il est lie a l’hypoxie du centre du spheroide, a la quiescence d’une grande partie de la population cellulaire et a l’inhibition de l’apoptose due au contact cellulaire. Les mecanismes « classiques » ou « unicellulaire » de la resistance, comme mdr1 ou MRP, peuvent coexister avec la resistance multicellulaire, mais ils ne sont pas responsables de cette resistance. Le modele de culture en spheroides represente une opportunite pour etudier un type de resistance qui ressemble beaucoup a la resistance observee in vivo chez la souris et chez l’homme. Une nouvelle classe d’agents therapeutiques est apparue, elle reussit a reverser cette resistance multicellulaire, a inhiber la croissance tumorale et a eviter les metastases. Le mecanisme d’action majeur de cette nouvelle classe pharmacologique est la rupture des forces intercellulaires d’adhesion. Les resultats preliminaires obtenus chez des patients avec ces nouveaux agents sont tout a fait prometteurs.