gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward high-performance terahertz-region liquid crystals: Computational modeling of fused ring nematic and discotic mesogens (2021)

Computational methods based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) are valuable for making pre-synthesis predictions of specific molecular structural elements in liquid crystals materials that will result in enhanced performance for terahertz (THz) region applications. Our previous DFT modeling efforts demonstrated that a two-fold improvement in THz-region birefringence (Δn) over existing materials is possible by utilizing design elements that favor high π electron delocalization, low molar mass, and electromagnetic asymmetry. In this work, we apply these design principles to examine the potential of mesogens with extended polarizable electron-rich structures, such as fused-ring nematics and discotics, as high-performance materials for THz-region applications.
Kinetic Resolution Approach to the Synthesis of C–N Axially ChiralN-Aryl Aminomaleimides via NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation (2022)

Chiral NHC-catalyzed kinetic resolution of <i>N</i>-aryl aminomaleimides allowing the synthesis of C-N axially chiral <i>N</i>-aryl aminomaleimides via remote chirality control is presented. The catalytically generated α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums from 2-bromoenals underwent selective [3 + 3] annulation with one of the enantiomers of maleimide to furnish fused-dihydropyridinone (bearing axial/central chirality, up to 6:1 dr, >99:1 er) leaving the enantioenriched opposite enantiomer (up to >99:1 er). Studies on C-N bond rotation barrier and dependence on temperature are also provided.
Studies in Pyran Chemistry: 3-Bromo-1,3,5-hexatriene (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Pyran Chemistry: 3-Bromo-1,3,5-hexatrieneG. Forrest Woods and Samuel C. TeminCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 1, 139–143Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01157a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01157a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
α-Glucosylation Reactions with 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-Benzyl-β-D-Glucopyranosyl Fluoride and Triflic Anhydride as Promoter (1991)

ABSTRACT Triflic anhydride is a suitable promoter for the glucosylation of glycosyl aceptors of medium or low reactivity using 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride as donor. In the glucosylation of reactive hydroxyl groups competing triflate formation was observed. The use of molecular sieves as acid scavenger allows the formation of triflates of reactive alcohols under non-basic conditions.
Minimization of fuzzy systems based on fuzzy inference graphs (1996)

In a large fuzzy rule-based system, a great deal of computation time is required for a fuzzy inference engine. A given fuzzy rule-based system is modeled as a fuzzy inference graph where each node in the graph corresponds to a relation representing a rule in the rule-based system. This paper presents algorithms to minimize the number of nodes in the graph using fuzzy operations as well as their properties to reduce the computation time of each inference. The algorithm sorts a graph into stages, iteratively applies the two major operations, fuzzy union as well as composition and results in the new graph with the minimum number of nodes without increasing the dimensionality of each node.
MicroRNA‐506 promotes primary biliary cholangitis–like features in cholangiocytes and immune activation (2017)

Different proinflammatory cytokines enhance the expression of miR-506 in biliary epithelial cells; miR-506 induces PBC-like features in cholangiocytes and promotes immune activation, representing a potential therapeutic target for PBC patients. (Hepatology 2018;67:1420-1440).
Experimental Products Evaluation Program Annual Report February 2005 (FHWA-OK-05-01 2700) (2005)

This publication consists of a listing of experimental products that are being or have been evaluated by Th Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOn, or other transportation agencies. This listing is continuously updated as new information is received. A status of the evaluation is given for each item, showing the progress or result of the evaluation.
The Effect of Blebbistatin on Primary Adult Mouse Cardiac Myocytes Culture and GFP Gene Transfer (2007)

Objective Primary adult mouse cardiac myocytes culture is a valuable system to address questions on cellular mechanisms of cardiac disorders.We tried to figure out an efficient and specific inhibitor,Blebbistatin(BS),that inhibits myocyte contraction and increases the cell viability and extends culture life of adult mouse cardiac myocytes,furthermore,improves the transgenic efficiency.Methods The comparative studies in cell viability,GFP gene transfer and its correlated protein expression as well were performed in the primary adult mouse cardiac myocytes culture by the means of physiology,pharmacology,cell morphology and biochemistry,etc.Results The results showed that BS of 25μM compared with BDM of 10 mM,the former was more efficient than the latter in increasing cell viability,extending culture life,stably maintaining the morphology and highly expressing GFP follow-ing the transgene as well.Conclusion In summary,BS is a specific contraction inhibitor that improves cell viability,culture life and the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in cultured adult mouse cardiac myocytes.
A new embedded E-nose system in smoke detection (2011)

This work examines the important applications of modern electronic noses and focus on fire detection system due to advantages over classical method of detections. The three components of an electronic nose consist of sample handling; detection and data processing system are designed. These devices are typically array of sensors used to detect and distinguish odors precisely in complex samples and at low cost and capable of classifying smoke based on neural networks. The potential advantages of such an approach include, the ability to characterize complex mixtures without the need to identify and quantify individual components, Five commercial gas sensors (Figaro) with interesting cross sensitivity and low power consumption are used in sensor array; a microcontroller equipped with a compact flash memory assures data acquisition, analyzing procedures in real time. Signals from this sensor array have unique pattern and applied to the embedded system as inputs. The proposed method in this paper has 97.2% efficiency in smoke classification.
Compact Reflective Imaging Spectrometer Design Utilizing An Immersed Grating And Anamorphic Mirror (2023)

A compact imaging spectrometer comprising an entrance slit, an anamorphic mirror, a grating, and a detector array. The entrance slit directs light to the anamorphic mirror. The anamorphic mirror receives the light and directs the light to the grating. The grating receives the light from the anamorphic mirror and defracts the light back onto the anamorphic mirror. The anamorphic mirror focuses the light onto a detector array.
A Software Radio Challenge Accelerating Education and Innovation in Wireless Communications (2018)

This Innovative Practice Full Paper presents our methodology and tools for introducing competition in the electrical engineering curriculum to accelerate education and innovation in wireless communications. Software radio or software-defined radio (SDR) enables wireless technology, systems and standards education where the student acts as the radio developer or engineer. This is still a huge endeavor because of the complexity of current wireless systems and the diverse student backgrounds. We suggest creating a competition among student teams to potentiate creativity while leveraging the SDR development methodology and open-source tools to facilitate cooperation. The proposed student challenge follows the European UEFA Champions League format, which includes a qualification phase followed by the elimination round or playoffs. The students are tasked to build an SDR transmitter and receiver following the guidelines of the long-term evolution standard. The metric is system performance. After completing this course, the students will be able to (1) analyze alternative radio design options and argue about their benefits and drawbacks and (2) contribute to the evolution of wireless standards. We discuss our experiences and lessons learned with particular focus on the suitability of the proposed teaching and evaluation methodology and conclude that competition in the electrical engineering classroom can spur innovation.
Why are ferroelectric polymers difficult to find &#x2014; and difficult to verify (2008)

The field of electrets encompasses a wide range of materials that maintain an external electric field due to alignment of internal electric dipoles or trapped charge, or both. Polymers incorporating molecular dipoles constitute an important class of electrets, and so it is fitting that we consider the conditions under which such a polymer can also be considered a ferroelectric. This paper discusses the relationship of ferroelectric polymer properties and their molecular structure.
Atlas of Image- guided intervention in regional anesthesia and pain medicine (2013)

Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Foreword xiii SECTION I: BASIC TECHNIQUES, RADIATION SAFETY, AND PHARMACOLOGY 1. Basic Techniques for Image-Guided Injection ...3 2. Radiation Safety ...9 3. Radiographic Contrast Agents ...17 4. Pharmacology of Agents Used During Image-Guided Injection ...23 SECTION II: SPINAL INJECTION TECHNIQUES 5. Interlaminar Epidural Injection ...31 6. Transforaminal and Selective Nerve Root Injection ...53 7. Facet Injection: Intra-articular Injection, Medical Branch Block, and Radiofrequency Treatment ...65 8. Sacroiliac Joint Injection ...93 9. Lumbar Discography and Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy ...101 SECTION III: SYMPATHETIC AND PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS 10. Stellate Ganglion Block ...115 11. Celiac Plexus Block and Neurolysis ...123 12. Lumbar Sympathetic Block and Neurolysis ...135 13. Superior Hypogastric Block and Neurolysis ...143 14. Intercostal Nerve Block and Neurolysis ...151 SECTION IV: IMPLANTABLE DEVICES 15. Implantable Spinal Drug Delivery System Placement ...161 16. Spinal Cord Stimulation System Placement ...171 Index ...183
Comparison of frequency sharing aspects of satellites in elliptical orbits and the geostationary orbit (1988)

The authors make a comparison between frequency sharing situations relating to down links of satellites in the GSO and in elliptical orbits, namely Molniya and Tundra, serving land mobile satellite service (LMSS). For the purpose of the analysis the Western European region was selected as the coverage zone. The coverage consists of 2 degrees beams from the satellites. The question of sharing with another terrestrial service, such as the terrestrial radio relay systems, within and outside the service area of interest is also discussed.
An overview of holistic approach to achieve net zero energy residential building retrofit (2018)

In this review, we focus on the holistic approach technologies and strategies of energy-efficient residential building retrofitting. Besides, energy balance between both energy demand side and renewable energy supply side are discussed with the integration of different renewable energy technologies, such as advanced insulation, high efficient heat pump, solar aided energy system, combined heat and power plants, dynamic control strategies. Moreover, this review especially focused on the retrofitting problems and challenges of traditional residential buildings which is mostly built before 1960s, which accounts for 14.5% of the overall 〖CO〗_2 emission based on 2015 levels. Combined with these retrofit technologies, several reference residential building cases in Europe are analysed, indicating six main problems from pre-retrofit simulation to retrofit operation process that obstacle the retrofitting performance. To bridge the performance gaps, this review discussed the building performance simulation models and optimization algorithms. The optimization function have mathematical characters of multi-objective, multi-variability, multi-disciplinary, multi-constrained (4M) with discrete, non-linear characteristics. Applying the optimization strategies model is an essential to build a deep understanding between building performance simulation (BPS) and building performance optimization (BPO), which help us to make an optimised holistic retrofitting decisions.
Guest Editorial Special Section on Human-Centered Automation (2016)

The papers in this special section are devoted to the topic of human-centered automation. The central theme of these papers are the tools and methods for the design and analysis of human-centered automation systems including: the design and validation of computational models of systems that integrate models of the human with models of autonomous and semi-autonomous systems; the design of systems that ease the transfer of information between humans and autonomous systems; the analysis and prediction of potential conflicts between the human and the automation in semi-autonomous systems; the design of autonomy to accommodate varying levels of human experience, training, and acuity; the analysis of information asymmetry in collaborative, semi-autonomous systems; the design of autonomy for off-nominal conditions, such as multiple sensor failures, human error, or other cascading events; and the design of autonomy to support systems with multiple humans; the design of autonomous systems which are “self-aware,” so that humans are prompted to intervene when necessary.
Rac1 Controls Schwann Cell Myelination through cAMP and NF2/merlin (2012)

During peripheral nervous system development, Schwann cells (SCs) surrounding single large axons differentiate into myelinating SCs. Previous studies implicate RhoGTPases in SC myelination, but the mechanisms involved in RhoGTPase regulation of SC myelination are unknown. Here, we show that SC myelination is arrested in Rac1 conditional knock-out (Rac1-CKO) mice. Rac1 knock-out abrogated phosphorylation of the effector p21-activated kinase and decreased NF2/merlin phosphorylation. Mutation of NF2/merlin rescued the myelin deficit in Rac1-CKO mice in vivo and the shortened processes in cultured Rac1-CKO SCs in vitro. Mechanistically, cAMP levels and E-cadherin expression were decreased in the absence of Rac1, and both were restored by mutation of NF2/merlin. Reduced cAMP is a cause of the myelin deficiency in Rac1-CKO mice, because elevation of cAMP by rolipram in Rac1-CKO mice in vivo allowed myelin formation. Thus, NF2/merlin and cAMP function downstream of Rac1 signaling in SC myelination, and cAMP levels control Rac1-regulated SC myelination.
Brain and leptomeningeal metastases from cutaneous melanoma: Survival outcomes based on clinical features (2008)

Brain metastases (BM) are among the most devastating and debilitating complications of melanoma. This retrospective study was conducted to gain a better understanding of patient and disease characteristics that have the greatest impact on overall survival in melanoma patients with BM; therapeutic interventions were also assessed. The records of all patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma and BM who were seen at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1991 and 2001 were retrospectively reviewed. A variety of factors, including age at diagnosis of stage IV disease, gender, race, disease stage at diagnosis, presence of BM at diagnosis of stage IV disease, neurologic symptoms, radiographic findings, number of BM, status and site(s) of extracranial metastasis, and treatment modalities, were analyzed for correlation with overall survival using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. The records of 355 patients with BM were included in the analysis. On univariate analysis, seven patient and disease characteristics were significantly associated with poorer survival: age > 65 years, extracranial metastases, BM at stage IV diagnosis, neurologic symptoms, four or more BM, hydrocephalus, and leptomeningeal metastases. Of these, age, extracranial metastasis, neurologic symptoms, and number of BM were significantly associated with poorer survival in a multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis of treatment modalities suggested that patients who had surgery, radiosurgery, or chemotherapy with temozolomide had improved survival outcomes, although this analysis has limitations. The prognostic factors identified in this retrospective study should be considered when making treatment decisions for patients with BM and used as stratification factors in future clinical trials.
Somatic mutation involving diverse genes leads to a spectrum of focal cortical malformations (2021)

Abstract Post-zygotically acquired genetic variants, or somatic variants, that arise during cortical development have emerged as important causes of focal epilepsies, particularly those due to malformations of cortical development. Pathogenic somatic variants have been identified in many genes within the PI3K-AKT3-mTOR-signaling pathway in individuals with hemimegalencephaly and focal cortical dysplasia (type II), and more recently in SLC35A2 in individuals with focal cortical dysplasia (type I) or non-dysplastic epileptic cortex. Given the expanding role of somatic variants across different brain malformations, we sought to delineate the landscape of somatic variants in a large cohort of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery with hemimegalencephaly or focal cortical dysplasia. We evaluated samples from 123 children with hemimegalencephaly (n=16), focal cortical dysplasia type I and related phenotypes (n=48), focal cortical dysplasia type II (n=44), or focal cortical dysplasia type III (n=15) classified using imaging and pathological findings. We performed high-depth exome sequencing in brain tissue-derived DNA from each case and identified somatic single nucleotide, indel, and large copy number variants. In 75% of individuals with hemimegalencephaly and 29% with focal cortical dysplasia type II, we identified pathogenic variants in PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway genes. Four of 48 cases with focal cortical dysplasia type I (8%) had a likely pathogenic variant in SLC35A2 . While no other gene had multiple disease-causing somatic variants across the focal cortical dysplasia type I cohort, four individuals in this group had a single pathogenic or likely pathogenic somatic variant in CASK, KRAS, NF1 , and NIPBL , genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. No rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic somatic variants in any neurological disease genes like those identified in the focal cortical dysplasia type I cohort were found in 63 neurologically normal controls ( P = 0.017), suggesting a role for these novel variants. We also identified a somatic loss-of-function variant in the known epilepsy gene, PCDH19 , present in a very small number of alleles in the dysplastic tissue from a female patient with focal cortical dysplasia IIIa with hippocampal sclerosis. In contrast to focal cortical dysplasia type II, neither focal cortical dysplasia type I nor III had somatic variants in genes that converge on a unifying biological pathway, suggesting greater genetic heterogeneity compared to type II. Importantly, we demonstrate that FCD types I, II, and III, are associated with somatic gene variants across a broad range of genes, many associated with epilepsy in clinical syndromes caused by germline variants, as well as including some not previously associated with radiographically evident cortical brain malformations.
MicroRNAs of the miR-290–295 Family Maintain Bivalency in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (2016)

Numerous developmentally regulated genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are marked by both active (H3K4me3)- and polycomb group (PcG)-mediated repressive (H3K27me3) histone modifications. This bivalent state is thought to be important for transcriptional poising, but the mechanisms that regulate bivalent genes and the bivalent state remain incompletely understood. Examining the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs) to the regulation of bivalent genes, we found that the miRNA biogenesis enzyme DICER was required for the binding of the PRC2 core components EZH2 and SUZ12, and for the presence of the PRC2-mediated histone modification H3K27me3 at many bivalent genes. Genes that lost bivalency were preferentially upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels. Finally, reconstituting Dicer-deficient ESCs with ESC miRNAs restored bivalent gene repression and PRC2 binding at formerly bivalent genes. Therefore, miRNAs regulate bivalent genes and the bivalent state itself.
35.1: Invited Paper: A 50‐in. Diagonal Plasma Display Panel with High Luminous Efficiency and High Display Quality (2002)

Abstract Higher Xe content gas has been applied to an improved cell design using “T”‐shaped electrode and deep WAFFLE rib. Newly developed 50‐in. diagonal wide/XGA panels have a luminous efficacy, a panel luminance and a panel full screen white luminance of 1.8 lm/W, 900 cd/m 2 and 200 cd/m 2 respectively. The power consumption of the new 50‐in. display monitor is 348W. The image qualities, other than luminance, have been also improved by “smooth CREAR” driving method and “pure” color filter. The driving method reproduces 768 gray levels and the gradation on low luminance region is as smooth as 4000‐step gray levels. Color gamut reproducing full NTSC area and a bright‐room contrast ratio of 120:1 under ambient illumination on the screen of 150 lx have been obtained by the color filter. After all the newly developed plasma displays (PDPs here after) show high display quality and the total display performance of them, as a large‐screen TV, excels that of any other display device.