gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling reprograms the dysfunctional immune microenvironment in breast cancer (2018)

Host responses to tumor cells include tumor suppressing or promoting mechanisms. We sought to detail the effect of Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibition on the composition of the mammary tumor immune portfolio. We hypothesized that Hh signaling mediates a crosstalk between breast cancer cells and macrophages that dictates alternative polarization of macrophages and consequently supports a tumor-promoting microenvironment. We used an immunocompetent, syngeneic mouse mammary cancer model to inhibit Hh signaling with the pharmacological inhibitor, Vismodegib. Using molecular and functional assays, we identified that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling mediates a molecular crosstalk between mammary cancer cells and macrophages that culminates in alternative polarization of macrophages. We carried out an unbiased kinomics and genomics assessment to unravel changes in global kinomic and gene signatures impacted by Hh signaling. Our investigations reveal that in an immunocompetent mammary cancer model, the administration of Vismodegib led to changes in the portfolio of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. This was characterized by a marked reduction in immune-suppressive innate and adaptive cells concomitant with an enrichment of cytotoxic immune cells. Breast cancer cells induce M2 polarization of macrophages via a crosstalk mediated by Hh ligands that alters critical kinomic and genomic signatures. Macrophage depletion improved the benefit of Hedgehog inhibition on eliciting an immunogenic, pro-inflammatory profile. We define a novel role for Hh signaling in disabling anti-tumor immunity. Inhibition of Hh signaling presents with dual advantages of tumor cell-targeting as well as re-educating a dysfunctional tumor microenvironment.
Charlie : la solution se trouve-t-elle à l'école? (2015)

Les attentats qui ont secoué la France, la semaine dernière, posent la question du rôle de l'école et des enseignants. Car les 3 terroristes ont été des élèves de la République française, de l'école publique. Car certains professeurs ont été surpris d'entendre, dans leur classe, que c'était bien fait pour les victimes.\n\n
Identification of hemoglobin degradation products in Plasmodium falciparum (1997)

Malaria parasites break down human hemoglobin to its constituent amino acids by cysteine and aspartic proteinases. However, no one has previously been able to identify hemoglobin cleavage products in intact parasites. When isolated parasites were subjected to non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis, a unique protein band was found which contains heme and reacts with anti-human hemoglobin antibodies. This protein does not appear to represent oxidized or glycosylated hemoglobin, and is present in isolated parasites but not in the cytosol of infected or uninfected erythrocytes. When this band was eluted and subjected to SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, three bands were seen on Western blots. The proteins in these bands contain proteins with the N-terminal sequences of alpha- and beta-globin chains but molecular masses of only 13.2-13.4 kDa. These data suggest that hemoglobin alpha- and beta-chains are initially cleaved within the parasite phagolysosome to release peptides of 15-17 and 23-25 amino acids from the C-termini of alpha- and beta-globin chains, respectively. Production of the hemoglobin breakdown products was inhibited by E-64, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, suggesting the involvement of a cysteine proteinase in an early step of hemoglobin degradation.
Layered liquid crystal elastomer actuators (2018)

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are soft, anisotropic materials that exhibit large shape transformations when subjected to various stimuli. Here we demonstrate a facile approach to enhance the out-of-plane work capacity of these materials by an order of magnitude, to nearly 20 J/kg. The enhancement in force output is enabled by the development of a room temperature polymerizable composition used both to prepare individual films, organized via directed self-assembly to retain arrays of topological defect profiles, as well as act as an adhesive to combine the LCE layers. The material actuator is shown to displace a load >2500× heavier than its own weight nearly 0.5 mm.
Osteopontin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Association: A Probable Gene-Gender Interaction (2008)

Osteopontin (SPP1) is an important bone matrix mediator found to have key roles in inflammation and immunity. SPP1 genetic polymorphisms and increased osteopontin protein levels have been reported to be associated with SLE in small patient collections. The present study evaluates association between SPP1 polymorphisms and SLE in a large cohort of 1141 unrelated SLE patients [707 European-American (EA) and 434 African-American (AA)], and 2009 unrelated controls (1309 EA and 700 AA). Population-based case-control association analyses were performed. To control for potential population stratification, admixture adjusted logistic regression, genomic control (GC), structured association (STRAT), and principal components analysis (PCA) were applied. Combined analysis of 2 ethnic groups, showed the minor allele of 2 SNPs (rs1126616T and rs9138C) significantly associated with higher risk of SLE in males (P = 0.0005, OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.28-2.33), but not in females. Indeed, significant gene-gender interactions in the 2 SNPs, rs1126772 and rs9138, were detected (P = 0.001 and P = 0.0006, respectively). Further, haplotype analysis identified rs1126616T-rs1126772A-rs9138C which demonstrated significant association with SLE in general (P = 0.02, OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.08-1.57), especially in males (P = 0.0003, OR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.51-3.89). Subgroup analysis with single SNPs and haplotypes also identified a similar pattern of gender-specific association in AA and EA. GC, STRAT, and PCA results within each group showed consistent associations. Our data suggest SPP1 is associated with SLE, and this association is especially stronger in males. To our knowledge, this report serves as the first association of a specific autosomal gene with human male lupus.
Electromagnetic Compatibility in Medical Equipment: A Guide for Designers and Installers (1995)

INTRODUCTION What are the Threats? Sources, Paths, and Receptors Summary EMI STANDARDS FOR MEDICAL DEVICES Emissions vs Immunity The EU and the U.S. The EU U.S. Requirements Summary THE PHYSICS OF EMI Source-Path-Receptor The Nature of Interference Interference is a Current FAT-ID Summary COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS Passive Components Transient Devices Active Components EMI Filter Design Summary PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DESIGN Signal Integrity vs EMI EMI Issues in Printed Circuit Boards Digital Circuits Analog Circuits Where Analog Meets Digital PCB Partitioning and Critical Circuits PCB Construction Multilayer Board Stackup Isolated Planes Two-Layer Board Techniques Power Decoupling Signal Traces I/O Techniques Board Shielding Software Summary GROUNDING FOR EMI CONTROL What is a Ground? Different Types of Grounds Microshock Hazards - A Special Medical Grounding Concern What Makes a Good Ground? Ground Topologies Bonding Considerations Grounding Design and Guidelines Summary POWER AND POWER FILTERING Power Supplies Switching Topologies Interference in Power Supplies Controlling Interference Generation Immunity Protection Filters Summary INTERCONNECT AND MOUNTING Cables as Transmission Lines Common Mode and Differential Mode on Cables Cable Layout and Pinouts Signal Bandwidth Routing Your Cable Designing an Enclosure Summary SHIELDING AND SHIELDING MATERIALS The Physics of Shielding Estimating the Impedance of a Source Shielding Requirements Shielding Materials Where Shielding Fails Gasketing Perforations and Screens Cable Penetrations Grounding the Shield How Much Shielding is Needed? Partial Shields Local Shields Summary CABLES AND CONNECTIONS Cables as Antennas Common Mode vs Differential Mode Bandwidth Classifying Cables Cable Shielding and Connectors Cable Terminations Cable Design Recommendations Summary SPECIAL EMI PROBLEMS IN MEDICAL ELECTRONICS High Energy Interference Sources Electromechanical Devices Radio Sources Receiving Devices Leakage Current Limitations Coping with Internal Threats Coping with External Threats Summary SYSTEMS CONSIDERATIONS Identifying EMI Threats at the Site Site Preparation Maintaining Shielding Effectiveness Troubleshooting in the Field When System Fixes Will Not Work Summary Glossary Appendix A: References for EMC Publications Appendix B: Properties of Common Materials Appendix C: Constants and Conversions Appendix D: Miscellaneous Conversions
Optimization of Electroporation for Transfection of Eimeria tenella (2010)

Low transfection efficiency has been the major hurdle for gene transfection in Eimeria tenella.In order to overcome this difficulty,the electroporation parameters were optimized for traditional electroporation apparatus of Bio-Rad Gene Pulser and newly developed Amaxa’s Nucleofector I device,respectively.By adjusting series of key parameters,which include the concentration of plasmid DNA,the electric field intensity,the ambient temperature and bult-in programs of Nucleofector I,we found the optimal condition for electroporation of E.tenellasporozoites is at a voltage of 2000Vand a capacitance of 25μF,using 50μg plasmids/107 sporozoites and cuvettes with a 4mm gap,which together resulting in a transfection efficiency of 3.8×10-4.
The Mechanism of Growth-inhibitory Effect of DOC-2/DAB2 in Prostate Cancer (2002)

DOC-2/DAB2 is a member of the disable gene family with tumor-inhibitory activity. Its down-regulation is associated with several neoplasms, and serine phosphorylation of its N terminus modulates DOC-2/DAB2's inhibitory effect on AP-1 transcriptional activity. We describe the cloning of DIP1/2, a novel gene that interacts with the N-terminal domain of DOC-2/DAB2. DIP1/2 is a novel GTPase-activating protein containing a Ras GT-Pase-activating protein homology domain (N terminus) and two other unique domains (i.e. 10 proline repeats and leucine zipper). Interaction between DOC-2/DAB2 and DIP1/2 is detected in normal tissues such as the brain and prostate. Altered expression of these two proteins is often detected in prostate cancer cells. Indeed, the presence of DIP1/2 effectively blocks mitogen-induced gene expression and inhibits the growth of prostate cancer. Thus, DOC-2/DAB2 and DIP1/2 appear to represent a unique negative regulatory complex that maintains cell homeostasis.
Quantitative assessment of PSMA PET response to therapy in castration-sensitive prostate cancer using an automated imaging platform for disease identification and measurement (2023)

Changes in aPROMISE PSMA scores are associated with changes in PSA and may quantify treatment response.
[Confirmation of the localization on human chromosome F19 of a structural gene of poliovirus receptors]. (1975)

The study of permissivity for poliovirus and the study of enzymatic markers in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids presents a very positive correlation between the presence of the poliovirus receptor and the presence of a well known enzyme marker, the phosphoglucoseisomerase (GPI), localized on the human chromosome F 19.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF PLATINUM SULFIDO COMPLEXES. PART 5. SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF 3‐(η‐1,5‐CYCLOOCTADIENE)BIS(μ3‐SULFIDO)‐1,1,2,2‐TETRAKIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPH# INE)DIPLATINUM(II)RHODIUM(I) HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE‐DICHLOROMETHANE (1/1), (PT2RH(μ3‐S)2(PPH3)4(η‐C8H12))PF6.CH2CL2 (1985)

Abstract Die Reaktion zwischen (I) und (II) in THF liefert die Verbindung (IIIa), die durch Metathese in MeOH die Salze (IIIb) und (IIIc) ergibt.
Kinetics and mechanisms of hydrolysis of 5-halouracils (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanisms of hydrolysis of 5-halouracilsEdward R. Garrett, Hans J. Nestler, and Adalberto SomodiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 9, 3460–3468Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01273a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01273a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation of plantain promoters using the firefly luciferase reporter gene (2004)

Vlaamse Interuniversitaire Raad (VLIR), VLIR-IUS program, cooperation with VLIR-ESPOL, Ecuador. Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnologicas del Ecuador (CIBE), Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral (ESPOL).
Transport at the Air/Water Interface is the Reason for Rings in Protein Microarrays (2006)

Fabricating a protein microarray involves the deposition of nanoliter droplets of solutions on a solid surface. Instead of uniform spots, one often observes ring-like structures that add to the difficulty in quantification. We show that the accumulation of proteins at the air/water interface of the nanodroplet is the reason. Transformation to a uniform spot can be achieved via the addition of competitive surfactants or the control of surface reaction kinetics.
Multi-Protein Complexes Studied by Mass Spectrometry (2002)

This article has no abstract.
Gardening With Annual Flowers In Interior Alaska (1987)

This list of recommended annual flower varieties includes information&#13;\non several hundred annual flower cultivars. The recommended varieties&#13;\nwere selected from flowers grown in 1985 and 1986 at the Agricultural&#13;\nand Forestry Experiment Station Farm at the University of Alaska-&#13;\nFairbanks. While this is by no means a complete listing of varieties&#13;\nsuitable for Interior gardens, it does reflect many years of experience&#13;\nin annual flower production at the AFES farm. The methods used to&#13;\nevaluate the flowers and definitions for terms used in the listing can&#13;\nbe found under Data Collection.
GLUT-1 est le récepteur des rétrovirus humains HTLV (2004)

calcium dans le segment externe qui ont le pouvoir d'induire l'apoptose.
Shotgun proteomics using the iTRAQ isobaric tags (2006)

Shotgun proteomic methods involving isobaric tagging of peptides enable high-throughput proteomic analysis. iTRAQ reagents allow simultaneous identification and quantitation of proteins in four different samples using tandem mass spectrometry (MS). In this article, we provide a brief description of proteome analysis using iTRAQ reagents and review the current applications of these reagents in proteomic studies. We also compare different aspects of protein identification including protein sequence coverage and proteome coverage obtained using iTRAQ reagents with those using other shotgun proteomic techniques. We briefly discuss the issue of isotope purity correction in measured peak areas during protein quantitation using iTRAQ reagents. Finally, we conclude with some of the current challenges in MS-based proteomic analysis that are limiting protein identifications obtained by different shotgun proteomic methods.
Divergent Aquifer Biogeochemical Systems Converge on Similar and Unexpected Cr(VI) Reduction Products (2014)

In this study of reductive chromium immobilization, we found that flow-through columns constructed with homogenized aquifer sediment and continuously infused with lactate, chromate, and various native electron acceptors diverged to have very different Cr(VI)-reducing biogeochemical regimes characterized by either denitrifying or fermentative conditions (as indicated by effluent chemical data, 16S rRNA pyrotag data, and metatranscriptome data). Despite the two dramatically different biogeochemical environments that evolved in the columns, these regimes created similar Cr(III)-Fe(III) hydroxide precipitates as the predominant Cr(VI) reduction product, as characterized by micro-X-ray fluorescence and micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis. We discuss two conflicting scenarios of microbially mediated formation of Cr(III)-Fe(III) precipitates, each of which is both supported and contradicted by different lines of evidence: (1) enzymatic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) followed by coprecipitation of Cr(III) and Fe(III) and (2) both regimes generated at least small amounts of Fe(II), which abiotically reduced Cr(VI) to form a Cr-Fe precipitate. Evidence of zones with different levels of Cr(VI) reduction suggest that local heterogeneity may have confounded interpretation of processes based on bulk measurements. This study indicates that the bulk redox status and biogeochemical regime, as categorized by the dominant electron-accepting process, do not necessarily control the final product of Cr(VI) reduction.
High power primary lithium ion microbatteries (2013)

Microbatteries are a critical component for powering autonomous and remote microdevices, but current microbatteries lack the power density and capacity required for high performance use. This paper reports primary microbatteries with high power density and capacity. The microbatteries are based on interdigitated three-dimensional nanoporous bicontinuous electrodes, which enable short ion diffusion lengths and high discharge power. The microbatteries utilize a high capacity manganese oxide cathode and lithium anode to achieve a capacity of up to 29.5 μAh/cm2μm, which is 10X the average capacity of the highest capacity rechargeable microbatteries reported.
Myoglobin desaturation with exercise intensity in human gastrocnemius muscle (1999)

The present study evaluated whether intracellular partial pressure of O(2) (PO(2)) modulates the muscle O(2) uptake (VO(2)) as exercise intensity increased. Indirect calorimetry followed VO(2), whereas nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) monitored the high-energy phosphate levels, intracellular pH, and intracellular PO(2) in the gastrocnemius muscle of four untrained subjects at rest, during plantar flexion exercise with a constant load at a repetition rate of 0.75, 0.92, and 1.17 Hz, and during postexercise recovery. VO(2) increased linearly with exercise intensity and peaked at 1.17 Hz (15. 1 +/- 0.37 watts), when the subjects could maintain the exercise for only 3 min. VO(2) reached a peak value of 13.0 +/- 1.59 ml O(2). min(-1). 100 ml leg volume(-1). The (31)P spectra indicated that phosphocreatine decreased to 32% of its resting value, whereas intracellular pH decreased linearly with power output, reaching 6.86. Muscle ATP concentration, however, remained constant throughout the exercise protocol. The (1)H NMR deoxymyoglobin signal, reflecting the cellular PO(2), decreased in proportion to increments in power output and VO(2). At the highest exercise intensity and peak VO(2), myoglobin was approximately 50% desaturated. These findings, taken together, suggest that the O(2) gradient from hemoglobin to the mitochondria can modulate the O(2) flux to meet the increased VO(2) in exercising muscle, but declining cellular PO(2) during enhanced mitochondrial respiration suggests that O(2) availability is not limiting VO(2) during exercise.
A new three phase time-domain model for electric arc furnaces using MATLAB (2003)

This paper presents a new time domain model for electric arc furnaces using MATLAB. The model can simulate both nonlinear and time varying nature of such loads, which create flicker, harmonics, and voltage/current unbalance. In this model, Cassie and Mayr equations are used in three-phase mode and the effects of arc furnace transformer tap changer and flexible cables mutual inductances are considered. The proposed model takes into account the system inter-relation of parameters and arcing conditions as well.
Remote sensing image fusion for dim target detection (2011)

The flow pattern in prototype catheters is determined by the number of holes, the hole diameter, the ratio hole/segment, and the distance between hole segments. The application of basic design principles of VC may help to develop new catheters with better flow circulation, thus reducing the possibility of becoming occluded.
Directed Assembly of Lamellae Forming Block Copolymer Thin Films near the Order–Disorder Transition (2013)

The impact of thin film confinement on the ordering of lamellae was investigated using symmetric poly(styrene-b-[isoprene-ran-epoxyisoprene]) diblock copolymers bound by nonpreferential wetting interfaces. The order-disorder transition temperature (TODT) and the occurrence of composition fluctuations in the disordered state are not significantly affected by two-dimensional confinement. Directed self-assembly using chemical patterning is demonstrated near TODT. These results establish the minimum feature size attainable using directed self-assembly of a given diblock copolymer system.
Safety and efficacy of factor IX gene transfer to skeletal muscle in murine and canine hemophilia B models by adeno-associated viral vector serotype 1 (2020)

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors (serotype 2) efficiently transduce skeletal muscle, and have been used as gene delivery vehicles for hemophilia B and for muscular dystrophies in experimental animals and humans. Recent reports suggest that AAV vectors based on serotypes 1, 5, and 7 transduce murine skeletal muscle much more efficiently than AAV-2, with reported increases in expression ranging from 2-fold to 1000-fold. We sought to determine whether this increased efficacy could be observed in species other than mice. In immunodeficient mice we saw 10- to 20-fold higher levels of human factor IX (hF.IX) expression at a range of doses, and in hemophilic dogs we observed approximately 50-fold higher levels of expression. The increase in transgene expression was due partly to higher gene copy number and a larger number of cells transduced at each injection site. In all immunocompetent animals injected withAAV-1, inhibitory antibodies to F.IX developed, but in immunocompetent mice treated with high doses of vector, inhibitory antibodies eventually disappeared. These studies emphasize that the increased efficacy of AAV-1 vectors carries a risk of inhibitor formation, and that further studies will be required to define doses and treatment regimens that result in tolerance rather than immunity to F.IX.
Natural and Synthetic α-Tocopherol Modulate the Neuroinflammatory Response in the Spinal Cord of Adult Ttpa-null Mice (2021)

Natural and synthetic α-T supplementation normalized neuroinflammatory markers in neural tissues of 10-mo-old <i>Ttpa<sup>-</sup> <sup>/</sup> <sup>-</sup></i> mice. α-T prevents tissue-specific molecular abnormalities, which may prevent severe morphological changes during late adulthood.