gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The safety and effectiveness of 2-liter polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid in patients with liver cirrhosis (2017)

The safety of bowel-cleansing agents is an important issue in clinical practice, especially in patients with chronic diseases. Although the safety and efficacy of polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been investigated in many studies, few studies on PEG plus ascorbic acid exist. In this study, we compared the safety of 2 bowel-cleansing agents for patients with liver cirrhosis: 2-liter PEG (2 L PEG) plus ascorbic acid versus 4-liter PEG (4 L PEG). We performed a retrospective study on colonoscopy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Patients referred for colonoscopy were divided into 2 groups: 2 L PEG plus ascorbic acid (n = 105) and 4 L PEG (n = 61). Safety was assessed by comparing the clinical factors and laboratory findings as follows: blood biochemistry, electrolytes, weight change, and bowel-cleansing quality. Serum electrolytes, laboratory findings, and body weight showed no significant change between the 2 groups. There was no significant change in clinical factors before and after bowel preparation in the PEG group or the PEG plus ascorbic acid group. The acceptability and compliance of patients was better in the 2 L PEG plus ascorbic acid than the 4 L PEG group. In subgroup analysis, patients with compensated or decompensated cirrhosis showed no increased risk of electrolyte imbalances after bowel preparation. Child-Pugh scores did not influence the outcome after bowel cleansing. Successful cleansing was mostly achieved in both groups. Our analysis showed that of the use of 2 L PEG plus ascorbic acid could be a safe choice for colonoscopy in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Abstract 5204: Mechanisms of Notch4-Nodal regulation of the aggressive melanoma phenotype (2012)

Abstract Metastatic melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with a poor prognosis. The current lack of effective therapies for treating metastatic melanoma exemplifies the desperate need for the identification of new targets and the development of new therapies. Nodal is an embryonic signaling molecule from the TGFβ superfamily that is not typically expressed in adult tissues but is reactivated in a number of aggressive cancers including melanoma, and breast and prostate carcinomas. In a study recently published by our group, we determined a connection between the Notch and Nodal pathways in aggressive melanoma. We identified a specific correlation between the expression of Notch4 and Nodal in aggressive melanoma cell lines and in advanced stage human melanomas. By inhibiting Notch4 expression or function, we established a link between Notch4 and Nodal signaling in promoting the aggressive phenotype of metastatic melanoma cells in vitro. Notch4 regulation of Nodal expression was identified as important in cellular plasticity, since inhibition of Notch4 function impaired the ability of aggressive cells to engage in vasculogenic mimicry (de novo formation of vascular-like networks by non-endothelial tumor cells). Notably, vascular-like network formation could be partially rescued by recombinant human Nodal, suggesting both pathways are important for this phenomenon. To extend our published observations, we utilized neutralizing antibodies to Notch4 and to Nodal, and compared gene expression profiles. From this, we identified a mechanism of feedback between signaling pathways that controls the expression of components of both pathways, including Nodal, Notch4, and the Notch ligand, Jagged2. Since Notch4 is enriched in the subpopulation of cells that form vascular-like networks in melanoma, we specifically analyzed the expression of angiogenesis signature genes previously associated with vascular-like network formation, and determined that inhibition of Notch4 or Nodal function downregulates a large group of these genes including members of the VEGF, angiopoietin, MMP, and cadherin families. We are currently investigating the hypothesis that the Notch4-Nodal signaling axis may be a master regulator of the vascular-like phenotype in aggressive melanoma cells. We suggest that inhibition of Notch4 and/or Nodal function may offer a potential molecular targeting strategy for metastatic melanoma therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5204. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5204
Effect of moxibustion combined with acupoint application on nursing effect of stable COPD patients (2019)

Objective
To explore the effect of moxibustion combined with acupoint application on the nursing effect of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in stable phase.


Methods
A total of 86 patients with COPD in stable phase were selected.According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the experimental group, 43 cases of each group.Both groups were treated with symptomatic drugs.The control group was treated with routine care of COPD.The experimental group was treated with acupoint application combined with moxibustion on the basis of the control group.The lung function, cough symptom, and life quality score before and after treatment and nursing were compared between the two groups.


Results
There was no statistically significant difference in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC between the two groups in the first second before intervention(P>0.05). After the intervention, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05). After the intervention, compared with the control group, the clinical symptom score of patients in the experimental group decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). After the intervention, the scale score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group before and during the same period, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).


Conclusions
Moxibustion combined with acupoint application in stable COPD patients can achieve good treatment and nursing effect, significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients, has an important role in improving their quality of life.


Key words: 
Moxibustion; Acupoint application; Stable phase; COPD; Clinical effect
Décomposition phénotypique et génétique de résistances complexes à plusieurs virus chez le piment (Capsicum annum L.) : organisation des facteurs de résistance sur le génome (1995)

International audience
Langue : Grammaire, Orthographe, Lexique (2014)

National audience
Photovoltaic Power Plants in Urban Areas in Portugal: Feasibility Study (2009)

This paper presents a study to integrate photovoltaic (PV) production larger than micro-generation in urban areas, using the school roofs as installation sites. This initiative is part of a more comprehensive effort to increase dispersed electricity production as opposition to a conventional policy of centralized electricity production often located far from the consumption sites, resulting important losses in the transmission grid (around 10% in Portugal). This study addresses the following issues: What is the PV capacity potential available in the school’s roofs; what is the cost and payback time of those PV systems and what is the resultant reduction of the CO2 emissions in Portugal as a consequence of this initiative. Each school can account with 60 to 140 kWp of PV installed capacity, depending on the roof area availability. The total PV capacity for 172 schools comprised in this study, with an area of 144000 m2, is estimated to be approximately 20 MWp. The total electricity production and CO2 emissions avoided ranges between 20 and 31 GWh/year, and 7 to 11 MtonCO2/year, depending on the area of the system.
Quantification of parallax in dual-sensor systems (2004)

Parallax is an issue in any system that contains images from two or more separate, displaced sensors imposed on a single display. The effect can be image quality degradation due to a double image or a blurred image. The impact of this effect can be calculated based on the configuration of the sensors and the position of the object of interest in relation to them and their point of convergence. Parallax quantification is necessary for determining a method to improve the performance of fused-sensor systems. This paper will examine this phenomenon and outline a method that enables calculation of parallax at an arbitrary point of interest.
Growing Pains: Reflections at the Intersection(s) of Pedagogy and Self-Study in Whiteness Research in Education (2015)

In this paper we work to place personal reflections of ourselves as researchers in conversation with interview data generated from white practicing teachers. Our work seeks to engage what the praxis of pedagogical qualitative analysis, coupled with self-study, can offer other researchers. This paper thus has two primary aims: to investigate our research findings from the interview data and the teachers who participated in the professional development seminar, and to explore what such work makes available to us as white researcher/practitioners. We move back and forth between both in the pages that follow, as we hope to showcase what becomes possible when we blur the lines between researcher and researched, and the implications in particular for white researchers/teachers committed to combatting racism in their practice(s).
Tunable and broadband negative group delays in a birefringent waveguide (2014)

We report the observation of negative group delay in a simple anisotropic cylindrical waveguide in the millimeter-wave region. With a 45° linearly polarized input, a relatively broad band of negative group delay was observed with 3.57% bandwidth, where the maximum group advancement achieved was about 24 times greater than the luminal delay, implying a fractional advancement of 13.32%. The peak advancement can be precisely controlled by tuning the incident field polarization azimuth, which should benefit the applications in wave-packet switching and signal processing.
Analysis of Linear Nonconservative Vibrations (1995)

The coefficients of a linear nonconservative system are arbitrary matrices lacking the usual properties of symmetry and definiteness. Classical modal analysis is extended in this paper so as to apply to systems with nonsymmetric coefficients. The extension utilizes equivalence transformations and does not require conversion of the equations of motion to first-order forms. Compared with the state-space approach, the generalized modal analysis can offer substantial reduction in computational effort and ample physical insight.
Crystal structure of pentabismuth heptaoxide nitrate, Bi5O7NO3 (2004)

BisNOio, monoclinic, P12i/cl (no. 14), a = 8.5846(6) A, b = 23.385(2) A, c = 5.5422(4) A, P = 108.103(8), V= 1057.5 A 3 , Z = 4, R & (F) = 0.029, wRr^F 1 ) = 0.074, T= 210 K.
Loss of ELK1 has differential effects on age-dependent organ fibrosis (2019)

ETS domain-containing protein-1 (ELK1) is a transcription factor important in regulating αvβ6 integrin expression. αvβ6 integrins activate the profibrotic cytokine Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGFβ1) and are increased in the alveolar epithelium in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). IPF is a disease associated with aging and therefore we hypothesised that aged animals lacking Elk1 globally would develop spontaneous fibrosis in organs where αvβ6 mediated TGFβ activation has been implicated. Here we identify that Elk1-knockout (Elk1<sup>-/0</sup>) mice aged to one year developed spontaneous fibrosis in the absence of injury in both the lung and the liver but not in the heart or kidneys. The lungs of Elk1<sup>-/0</sup> aged mice demonstrated increased collagen deposition, in particular collagen 3α1, located in small fibrotic foci and thickened alveolar walls. Despite the liver having relatively low global levels of ELK1 expression, Elk1<sup>-/0</sup> animals developed hepatosteatosis and fibrosis. The loss of Elk1 also had differential effects on Itgb1, Itgb5 and Itgb6 expression in the four organs potentially explaining the phenotypic differences in these organs. To understand the potential causes of reduced ELK1 in human disease we exposed human lung epithelial cells and murine lung slices to cigarette smoke extract, which lead to reduced ELK1 expression andmay explain the loss of ELK1 in human disease. These data support a fundamental role for ELK1 in protecting against the development of progressive fibrosis via transcriptional regulation of beta integrin subunit genes, and demonstrate that loss of ELK1 can be caused by cigarette smoke.
Intrapancreatic accessory spleen: A case report and review of literature (2012)

Abstract Intrapancreatic accessory spleen is not an uncommon entity and usually located in the tail of the pancreas. Most of them are asymptomatic and incidental findings on radiologic study or at autopsy. On imaging study, it appears to be a well‐defined, solitary, and hypervascular lesion; therefore, it may be confused with pancreatic neoplasms, such as neuroendocrine neoplasm, well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma, solid pseudopapillary tumor, or metastatic tumor to the pancreas. As such, the diagnostic fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion may be performed. Several case reports describing cytological features of the lesion have been published in recent years. Among them, the most commonly identified cytological findings are sheets of a heterogeneous population of lymphocytes and prominent traversing blood vessels. Herein, we report an unusual EUS‐FNA case of intrapancreatic accessory spleen. In addition to above previously well‐described cytological features, our case revealed many cells with fine granular chromatin and areas with pseudo rosette‐like architecture, mimicking and engendering the differential diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Although cytological findings of our case are rare, they may extend our current knowledge and provide additional differential diagnostic information for this entity. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Yellow Vine of Watermelon and Pumpkin in Tennesse (1999)

Yellow vine (YV) is a recently recognized decline of cucurbits expressed as plant yellowing, phloem discoloration, and death of vines as fruit approach maturity. In severely affected fields, YV incidence can range from 50 to 100% with similar yield loss. The disease has been associated with a phloem-limited, walled bacterium belonging to the gamma-3-proteobacteria (1), for which specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers have been developed and used in diagnosis (2). First observed in 1988 in Oklahoma and Texas squash and pumpkin, YV was not detected in watermelon and cantaloupe until 1991. The disease has never been detected in cucumber. Efforts to date have been unsuccessful in transmitting the disease with dodder, grafting, or selected insects. Initially, the geographic range of the disease appeared to be generally confined to central and northeastern Oklahoma and north central Texas, an area known as the Cross Timbers Region. In 1997 to 1998, YV was diagnosed in commercial fields of watermelon and muskmelon from east Texas (Post Oak Savannah) and all cucurbit-growing areas of Oklahoma. In late summer 1998, symptoms similar to those of YV were observed in one watermelon (Hardeman County) and three pumpkin (Rhea and Morgan counties) fields in Tennessee where the leaves turned yellow and chlorotic and affected plants exhibited phloem discoloration. Estimated incidence of YV ranged from less than 1 to 20% of the plants in affected fields. PCR, with the YV-specific primers (2), amplified a band of the expected size (409 bp) from all watermelon and pumpkin plants exhibiting phloem discoloration. In contrast, no bands were amplified from asymptomatic (no phloem discoloration) watermelon or pumpkin. The nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment amplified from a Tennessee watermelon and pumpkin plant was identical to that of the YV bacterium. The occurrence of YV outside of the Cross Timbers Region, and in a location as distant as Tennessee, suggests that the disease may be much more widespread than previously recognized. Diagnosis and monitoring of YV in all cucurbit-growing areas is critical for determining the geographic distribution and losses caused by this emerging disease. References: (1) F. J. Avila et al. Phytopathology 88:428, 1998. (2) U. Melcher et al. (Abstr.) Phytopathology. 89(suppl.):S95, 1999.
Observation of coherent population transfer in a four-level tripod system with a rare-earth-metal-ion-doped crystal (2007)

Coherent population transfer in a laser-driven four-level system in a tripod configuration is experimentally investigated with a rare-earth-metal-ion-doped crystal $({\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}{\mathrm{SiO}}_{5})$. The population transfers observed here indicate that a main process inducing them is not optical pumping, which is an incoherent process inducing population transfer. Moreover, numerical simulation, which well reproduces the experimental results, also shows that the process inducing the observed population transfers is similar to stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in the sense that this process possesses characteristic features of STIRAP.
Dermal IL‐17‐producing γδ T cells establish long‐lived memory in the skin (2015)

Conventional αβ T cells have the ability to form a long-lasting resident memory T-cell (TRM ) population in nonlymphoid tissues after encountering foreign antigen. Conversely, the concept of 'innate memory', where the ability of nonadaptive branches of the immune system to deliver a rapid, strengthened immune response upon reinfection or rechallenge, is just emerging. Using the αβ T-cell-independent Aldara psoriasis mouse model in combination with genetic fate-mapping and reporter systems, we identified a subset of γδ T cells in mice that is capable of establishing a long-lived memory population in the skin. IL-17A/F-producing Vγ4(+) Vδ4(+) T cells populate and persist in the dermis for long periods of time after initial stimulation with Aldara. Experienced Vγ4(+) Vδ4(+) cells show enhanced effector functions and mediate an exacerbated secondary inflammatory response. In addition to identifying a unique feature of γδ T cells during inflammation, our results have direct relevance to the human disease as this quasi-innate memory provides a mechanistic insight into relapses and chronification of psoriasis.
Corrosion of structural materials by liquid metals used fusion, fission and spallation (2017)

International audience
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax oncoprotein induces DNA damages through Activation-Induced cytidine Deaminase (AID) (2014)

International audience
Highly Efficient Synthesis of High‐Value Olefins from Syngas over Layered Fe‐Mn/Magadiite Catalyst (2023)

Abstract The simultaneous realization of high olefin/paraffin (O/P) ratio and low CH 4 selectivity has always been a bottleneck for the conversion of syngas to high‐value olefins (HVOs). Magadiite (MAG) is a layered silicate material with active SiOH, which increases the interlayer charge density and ion‐exchange ability. Herein, a MAG‐supported, Mn‐modified Fe 3 O 4 microsphere catalyst exhibits excellent CO conversion of 76.5 % and HVO selectivity, with a high O/P ratio of 5.02 and low CH 4 selectivity of 16.1 % for conversion of syngas to HVOs. The layered structure of the MAG support promotes dispersion of the active centers and the Mn promoter improves the basic properties of the catalyst. Moreover, the Mn promoter and MAG support have a synergistic effect, which promotes CO dissociation and suppresses H 2 adsorption, thereby resulting in high HVO selectivity and low CH 4 selectivity.
Vulval and vaginal cancer (2016)

Vulval and vaginal cancers are rare, accounting for about 1000 new cases per year in the UK. It is important to recognise the symptoms and signs associated with these cancers to make an early diagnosis. Vulval cancer is a disease primarily of the older age group, with the majority of cases presenting between the ages of 60 and 75. The incidence has remained steady over the past three to four decades despite the increasing recognition of patients with vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). Certain pre-existing vulval dermatoses are known to be associated with the development of vulval carcinoma. VIN is often found in association with vulval cancer and VIN-3 is regarded as a pre-invasive condition. Women with vulval cancer usually present with symptoms, although an asymptomatic mass may be an unusual presentation. The associated symptoms are usually vulval soreness and itching and there may be a mass that is painful and bleeds.
Elbow arthritis. (2007)

Patients with elbow arthritis typically present with complaints of pain and stiffness. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common cause of elbow arthritis, followed by posttraumatic arthritis and primary osteoarthritis. Nonoperative management consisting of oral analgesics, intra-articular steroid injections, physical therapy, and splinting may provide symptomatic relief in the majority of patients. If these modalities fail, operative treatment is guided by the severity of disease as well as several patient-related factors such as age, activity level, and expectations. Total elbow arthroplasty can provide satisfactory results in the majority of patients with significant degeneration of the elbow. However, due to issues regarding prosthesis longevity, this procedure is generally avoided in young active patients. Other operative treatment options for such patients include arthroscopic or open synovectomy, debridement arthroplasty, and interpositional arthroplasty. As all of these operations may provide a satisfactory outcome for the appropriate patient, a thorough preoperative evaluation is essential in choosing the suitable surgical procedure for each individual patient.
Studies of the fracture surface of rice grains using environmental scanning electron microscopy (2004)

Abstract Raw and processed grains of rice ( Oryza sativa ) were examined using the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), which allows specimens to be imaged at high resolution with minimal preparation. Images were obtained for milled rice grains that were fractured along natural transverse fracture planes. The images showed two distinct features: a smooth surface, where the fracture plane is suggested to be between endosperm cells, and a rough, more disorganised surface, which is likely to correspond to the fracture plane passing through an endosperm cell. Individual starch granules exposed in the fractured surface ranged from 3 to 11 µm in diameter. The ESEM revealed morphological differences between grains of different varieties. Parboiled rice showed a glassy fracture surface in which features of endosperm cells and starch granules were clearly recognisable but smaller than those of uncooked rice grains. Rice grains that had been heated and puffed showed a complete loss of organisational structure. The ESEM was able to capture the effect of processing treatments on the organisational structure of the grains. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry