gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supervised Classification of Multisensor Remotely Sensed Images Using a Deep Learning Framework (2018)

In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based method to efficiently combine information from multisensor remotely sensed images for pixel-wise semantic classification. The CNN features obtained from multiple spectral bands are fused at the initial layers of deep neural networks as opposed to final layers. The early fusion architecture has fewer parameters and thereby reduces the computational time and GPU memory during training and inference. We also propose a composite fusion architecture that fuses features throughout the network. The methods were validated on four different datasets: ISPRS Potsdam, Vaihingen, IEEE Zeebruges and Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 dataset. For the Sentinel-1,-2 datasets, we obtain the ground truth labels for three classes from OpenStreetMap. Results on all the images show early fusion, specifically after layer three of the network, achieves results similar to or better than a decision level fusion mechanism. The performance of the proposed architecture is also on par with the state-of-the-art results.
Visible Light Assisted Photocatalytic [3 + 2] Azide–Alkyne “Click” Reaction for the Synthesis of 1,4-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles Using a Novel Bimetallic Ru–Mn Complex (2015)

A photoactive bimetallic complex comprising a photosensitizer ruthenium unit and a catalytic Mn(I) unit connected via a bipyrimidine (bpm) bridging ligand is prepared and used for the first time for developing a light induced copper catalyzed [3 + 2] azide–alkyne “click” (CuAAC) reaction for the formation of 1,2,3-triazoles under visible light irradiation. The developed bimetallic complex exhibited enhanced activity as both the photosensitizer ruthenium unit as well as manganese catalyst unit are attached in a single molecule, providing efficient electron transfer for the photochemical reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) in situ which subsequently was used for the cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes to give 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in the presence of triethylamine as a sacrificial donor.
Survival of Polished Compared with Precoated Roughened Cemented Femoral Components (2008)

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed no significant differences between two types of cemented femoral components with similar geometry but substantially different surface finishes at seven years. In the patient population selected for treatment with a cemented femoral component, the surface finish may not be a crucial factor affecting component survival at a minimum of five years, provided that good cement technique is used.
GWAS Replication Study Confirms the Association of PDE3A–SLCO1C1 with anti-TNF Therapy Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2013)

The present findings establish the PDE3A-SLCO1C1 locus as a strong genetic marker of anti-TNF therapy response.
Display of Holograms in White Light (1966)

This paper describes a new method for displaying holograms in white light. The method gives reasonably good reconstructions although certain image defects are inherent in the method. It differs from previously reported methods of white light reconstruction <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1,2</sup> in that the whole spectrum is used for reconstruction and therefore black and white reconstructions can be obtained. The method does not depend on the volume properties of the photographic emulsion.
Cause Clue Clauses: Error Localization using Maximum Satisfiability (2010)

Much effort is spent everyday by programmers in trying to reduce long, failing execution traces to the cause of the error. We present a new algorithm for error cause localization based on a reduction to the maximal satisfiability problem (MAX-SAT), which asks what is the maximum number of clauses of a Boolean formula that can be simultaneously satisfied by an assignment. At an intuitive level, our algorithm takes as input a program and a failing test, and comprises the following three steps. First, using symbolic execution, we encode a trace of a program as a Boolean trace formula which is satisfiable iff the trace is feasible. Second, for a failing program execution (e.g., one that violates an assertion or a post-condition), we construct an unsatisfiable formula by taking the trace formula and additionally asserting that the input is the failing test and that the assertion condition does hold at the end. Third, using MAX-SAT, we find a maximal set of clauses in this formula that can be satisfied together, and output the complement set as a potential cause of the error. We have implemented our algorithm in a tool called bug-assist for C programs. We demonstrate the surprising effectiveness of the tool on a set of benchmark examples with injected faults, and show that in most cases, bug-assist can quickly and precisely isolate the exact few lines of code whose change eliminates the error. We also demonstrate how our algorithm can be modified to automatically suggest fixes for common classes of errors such as off-by-one.
Application of correlation analysis for signal-to-noise enhancement in flame spectrometry. Use of correlation in determination of rhodium by atomic fluorescence (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of correlation analysis for signal-to-noise enhancement in flame spectrometry. Use of correlation in determination of rhodium by atomic fluorescenceR. D. Reeves, B. M. Patel, C. J. Molnar, and J. D. WinefordnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 2, 253–258Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60324a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60324a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biozidprodukte-Eintrag in Gewässer. Verbrauchsmengen biozider Wirkstoffe in Schutzmitteln, Antifoulings und im Veterinärbereich (2016)

Die Erhebung von Verbrauchsmengen bildet eine wichtige Grundlage, um eine mögliche Belastung von Oberflächengewässern aufgrund von diffusen Einträgen von bioziden Wirkstoffen besser beurteilen zu können. Deshalb wurden die Wirkstoffe für die Hygiene im Veterinärbereich, in Beschichtungsschutzmitteln, Holzschutzmitteln und Antifoulings ermittelt. Die Verbrauchsmengen zeigen, dass bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge nur ein kleinerer Teil der bioziden Wirkstoffe direkt umweltrelevant ist.
Cell surgery by laser micro‐dissection: A preparative method (1976)

A new UV-laser device is introduced as a micro-manipulator and micro-dissection apparatus for experimental cell research. High energy irradiation is produced by a quasi-continuous N2-laser. The laser micro-beam can be focused to a minimal diameter of 0-75 mum. The micro-laser can be used for cutting and, hence, as a micro-surgical instrument at the level of cellular organelles. Cytoplasmic actomyosin fibrils (AM fibrils) from tissue culture cells (RMCD-cells) are isolated from the surrounding ground cytoplasm. It is shown that the contractile proteins are not damaged by the laser dissection method to an extent that would prevent their normal function, e.g. contraction.
Multi-band wireless power transfer via resonance magnetic (2013)

The wireless power transfer (WPT) efficiency of the multi-band system based on strongly coupled magnetic resonance (SCMR) is studied here. The efficiency of the system depends on the coupling and Q-factor of the system elements. This paper shows that the multi-band SCMR system, which has potentials in wireless power and data transfer.
Binocular suppression based visual masking model for stereo image watermarking (2015)

Digital watermarking algorithms for stereo image and video have been simple extensions of monoscopic watermarking methods to two views, and have not considered the aspects of the human visual system which are particular to stereo perception. One key aspect is binocular suppression, which says that high quality image data (for example with sharp edges) presented to one eye can suppress low quality information (for example, blurriness) which is simultaneously presented to the other eye, so that the combined subjective visual effect is one of high quality. We exploit this phenomenon by inserting watermark bits into different portions of the left and right image views, so that high quality in a region on one view suppresses the visibility of the watermark in the corresponding region of the other view. Tests with human observers confirm the visual superiority of the approach.
A recessive allele for delayed flowering at the soybean maturity locus E9 is a leaky allele of FT2a, a FLOWERING LOCUS T ortholog (2016)

The soybean maturity gene E9 is FT2a, and its recessive allele delays flowering because of lower transcript abundance that is caused by allele-specific transcriptional repression due to the insertion of SORE-1. The FT2a transcript abundance is thus directly associated with the variation in flowering time in soybean. The e9 allele may maintain vegetative growth in early-flowering genetic backgrounds, and also be useful as a long-juvenile allele, which causes late flowering under short-daylength conditions, in low-latitude regions.
Reduced Toll‐Like Receptor 4 Expression in Children with Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (2007)

Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 is essential for the defense against infection with gram-negative pathogens, but reduced TLR4 expression has not been linked to altered disease susceptibility in humans. In mice, Tlr4 controls the mucosal response to Escherichia coli urinary tract infections. Inactivation of mouse Tlr4 causes an asymptomatic carrier state resembling asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). The present study compared neutrophil TLR4 expression levels between children with ABU (n=17) and age-matched control subjects (n=24), and significantly lower levels were detected in the patients with ABU. We also found elevated levels of the TLR4 adaptor protein TRIF and reduced levels of the TLR4-inhibitor SIGIRR in the patients with ABU, but MyD88 and TRAM levels were not significantly altered. Altered TLR4 and adaptor protein expression might impair TLR4 signaling and explain the weak mucosal response to urinary tract infection in patients who develop ABU rather than symptomatic disease.
Effect of Electron Radiation on Silicon Nitride Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistors (1967)

Experiments indicate that silicon nitride passivation layers on top of thermally grown oxide in conjunction with heat treatment can improve the radiation stability of MISFET devices. In addition, MOSFET devices that have glass passivation layers and other special treatment can also show improved radiation stability.
Computerized relational database for monitoring clozapine therapy. (1993)

The use of a computerized relational database to satisfy the patient-monitoring requirements of clozapine's manufacturer at an Oregon state psychiatric facility is described. The pharmacy department designed a computerized system to efficiently manage the patient-monitoring requirements of clozapine's manufacturer. A relational database program allows information in database files to be readily retrieved and organized into standardized or customized reports. These reports provide white blood cell (WBC) counts to the drug's manufacturer, patient discharge information to other clozapine providers, psychiatric test results to treating physicians, financial data to hospital administration, and other key data related to the facility's clozapine treatment system. The computerized system minimized the additional workload required to dispense clozapine, decreased the cost of clozapine by $234,441 compared with the cost under the closed distribution system, and provided for comprehensive clinical monitoring. Between May 1991 and October 1992, 168 clozapine recipients were monitored; pharmacists notified physicians about 86 patients not meeting WBC-count criteria. The use of a computerized relational database enabled a state psychiatric hospital to efficiently manage the burden of monitoring clozapine recipients.
In situhistology of mice skin through transfer learning of tissue energy interaction in optical coherence tomography (2013)

Tissue characterization method in optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in situ histology of soft tissues is presented and demonstrated for mice skin. OCT allows direct noninvasive visualization of subsurface anatomy. It is currently used for in situ investigation of lesions in skin, vessels, retinal layers, oral, and bronchial cavitities. Although OCT images present high resolution information about tissue morphology, reporting requires a reader experienced in interpretation of the images, viz., identification of anatomical layers and structures constituting the organ based on OCT speckle appearance. Our approach characterizes tissues through transfer learning of tissue energy interaction statistical physics models of ballistic and near-ballistic photons. The clinical information yield with our approach is comparable to conventional invasive histology. On cross evaluation with a mice model experiment, the epidermis, papillary dermis, dermis, and adipose tissue constituting the mice skin are identified with an accuracy of 99%, 95%, 99%, and 98%, respectively. This high accuracy of characterizing heterogeneous tissues using OCT justifies the ability of our computational approach to perform in situ histology and can be extended to regular clinical practice for diagnosis of vascular, retinal, or oral pathologies.
Analysis Of Genes Underlying Mate Selectivity In Arabidopsis: Regulation Of The S-Locus Receptor Kinase And Identification Of Novel Candidate Rapidly Evolving Reproductive Genes (2010)

Mate selectivity in plants, as in other eukaryotes, is often based on the activity of highly polymorphic and rapidly evolving reproductive proteins. In flowering plants, selectivity in intraspecific and interspecific matings is observed not only in interactions between female and male gametes, but also in interactions between the male gametophyte with cells of the pistil that line the path of pollen tubes as they make their way from the stigma through the transmitting tract and into the ovary. In the following studies, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana will provide a useful platform for analysis of intra and interspecific mate selectivity. Intraspecific mate selectivity is often enforced by selfincompatibility (SI), a barrier to self-pollination that inhibits productive pollen-pistil interactions. Consistent with their role in recognition, some genes involved in SI are highly polymorphic and exhibit signals of positive selection. A. thaliana is self fertile, but can be made to express SI by transformation with two functional SI genes isolated from its close self-incompatible relative, A. lyrata. In Chapter 2, an induced mutation that suppresses the SI phenotype of these transformants is analyzed to investigate the regulation of SI. Mapbased cloning determined that the mutation disrupted NRPD1a, a plant-specific polymerase required for DNA methylation and production of some types of silencing RNAs. Subsequent analyses showed that NRPD1a, along with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RDR2, is required for SI in some A. thaliana accessions. In Chapter 3, to assess interspecific mate selectivity, a screen was conducted to find rapidly evolving genes in Arabidopsis spp. A full genome sequence and the availability of extensive polymorphism data and genetic resources make A. thaliana ideal for identifying rapidly evolving reproductive genes. Previously generated A. thaliana data sets containing genes expressed in cells of the pistil, pollen, or pollen tubes were used to search for orthologous genes in the recently sequenced genome of A. lyrata. Within- and between-species variation in candidate rapidly evolving genes was investigated and statistical analyses of positive selection were performed. Several candidate genes were identified which may play an important role in species-specific reproductive function.
Re-establishment of VWF-dependent Weibel-Palade bodies in VWD endothelial cells (2004)

Type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a severe hemorrhagic defect in humans. We now identify the homozygous mutation in the Chapel Hill strain of canine type 3 VWD that results in premature termination of von Willebrand factor (VWF) protein synthesis. We cultured endothelium from VWD and normal dogs to study intracellular VWF trafficking and Weibel-Palade body formation. Weibel-Palade bodies could not be identified in the canine VWD aortic endothelial cells (VWD-AECs) by P-selectin, VWFpp, or VWF immunostaining and confocal microscopy. We demonstrate the reestablishment of Weibel-Palade bodies that recruit endogenous P-selectin by expressing wild-type VWF in VWD-AECs. Expression of mutant VWF proteins confirmed that VWF multimerization is not necessary for Weibel-Palade body creation. Although the VWF propeptide is required for the formation of Weibel-Palade bodies, it cannot independently induce the formation of the granule. These VWF-null endothelial cells provide a unique opportunity to examine the biogenesis of Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelium from a canine model of type 3 VWD.
Photoinactivation of Mycobacteria In Vitro and in a New Murine Model of LocalizedMycobacterium bovisBCG-Induced Granulomatous Infection (2006)

Treatment of tuberculosis is currently hindered by prolonged antibiotic regimens and the emergence of significant drug resistance. Alternatives and adjuncts to standard antimycobacterial agents are needed. We propose that a direct attack utilizing photosensitizers and light-based treatments may be effective in curtailing Mycobacterium tuberculosis in discrete anatomical sites in the most infectious phase of pulmonary tuberculosis. To demonstrate experimental proof of principle, we have applied established photodynamic therapy (PDT) technology to in vitro cultures and an in vivo mouse model using Mycobacterium bovis BCG. We report here in vitro and in vivo PDT efficacy studies and the use of a three-dimensional collagen gel as a delivery vehicle for BCG, subcutaneously inserted, to induce specifically localized granuloma-like lesions in mice. When a benzoporphyrin derivative was utilized as the photosensitive agent, exposure to light killed extracellular and intracellular BCG in significant numbers. Collagen scaffolds containing BCG inserted in situ in BALB/c mice for 3 months mimicked granulomatous lesions and demonstrated a marked cellular infiltration upon histological examination, with evidence of caseating necrosis and fibrous capsule formation. When 10(5) BCG were present in the in vivo-induced granulomas, a significant reduction in viable mycobacterial cells was demonstrated in PDT-treated granulomas compared to those of controls. We conclude that PDT has potential in the treatment of localized mycobacterial infections, such as pulmonary granulomas and cavities.
The Casimir effect for planar layered system (2016)

We consider the Casimir energy and force for stack of the N conductive planes at zero temperature. The Casimir-Polder force for an atom near this stack is calculated, too. We derive general expressions and make analysis for the case of ideal metal. In all considered cases the finite conductivity plays important role for the Casimir effect.
Structural Control: Past, Present, and Future (1997)

This tutorial/survey paper: (1) provides a concise point of departure for researchers and practitioners alike wishing to assess the current state of the art in the control and monitoring of civil engineering structures; and (2) provides a link between structural control and other fields of control theory, pointing out both differences and similarities, and points out where future research and application efforts are likely to prove fruitful. The paper consists of the following sections: section 1 is an introduction; section 2 deals with passive energy dissipation; section 3 deals with active control; section 4 deals with hybrid and semiactive control systems; section 5 discusses sensors for structural control; section 6 deals with smart material systems; section 7 deals with health monitoring and damage detection; and section 8 deals with research needs. An extensive list of references is provided in the references section.
Conectividade plena para todos: um desafio mundial (2010)

A relativa precariedade tanto da universalização como da qualidade da chamada "banda larga" para conexão do usuário final à internet no país é, em boa parte, resultante dos caminhos de consolidação empresarial após a privatização das telecomunicações. Um cartel de poucas operadoras privadas controla as espinhas dorsais de internet, bem como os circuitos que levam conexão discada ou permanente ao domicílio. A expansão segue a lógica estrita do mercado, condenando a maioria dos domicílios brasileiros à desconexão eterna, se uma política pública não inverter esse processo. O autor analisa a atual situação de fornecimento da conexão permanente à internet para o usuário final, o papel das operadoras privadas e a proposta governamental de realizar um programa abrangente de universalização da "banda larga" sob a coordenação de uma empresa estatal, a Telebrás – o Programa Nacional de Banda Larga (PNBL). Analisa também a importância de se considerarem critérios de neutralidade da rede, que contribuem para a melhora da qualidade do serviço, como parâmetros para estabelecer metas de serviço no PNBL e em uma possível regulação de serviços de conectividade e transporte de dados.
Coating Systems for Magnesium‐Based Biomaterials ‐ State of the Art (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Coatings Surface Treatments Conclusion
NOVEL MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF MYCOPHENOLIC ACID (MPA): INHIBITION OF EXPRESSION OF CD28 AND CD154 CO-STIMULATORY MOLECULES AND INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN VIVO IN HUMANS AFTER TREATMENT WITH MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL (MMF). (2000)

Gelder, Teun van1; Klupp, Jochen2; Kavanau, Kris2; Morris, Randall E.2 Author Information
Recent Advances in the Mitsunobu Reaction: Modified Reagents and the Quest for Chromatography‐Free Separation (2004)

Abstract Recent progress in synthetic approaches to the Mitsunobu reaction are reviewed. Efforts that have focused on the phase‐switching modifications of phosphane, azodicarboxylate, and nucleophilic components are emphasized. An approach to product separation with fluorous compounds is reviewed in detail. Alternative reagents and recently introduced products are cited. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)