gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Decoupling Cooperative Control With Dominant Poles Assignment (2020)

This article studies a decoupling cooperative control (DCC) with state feedback. It solves the output consensus problem on heterogeneous multiagent systems (MASs) over the input graph whose all nodes are reachable from the external reference signal. In light of the communication topology, the DCC forces each agent to reach a consensus on the given trajectory, which is from the reference signal of the common exosystem. Here, the output consensus problem is first equivalently converted into a stabilization one. Second the DCC involves a mapping <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of Laplacian matrix <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , i.e., every diagonal element of the Laplacian matrix is multiplied by a parameter <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d_{i}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> moves Ger <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">š</i> gorin circles of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . By the merit of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , the equivalent stabilization problem is solved by the strictly positive real (SPR). In fact, the DCC is an approximate distributed decoupling control, when <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d_{i}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is sufficiently large. In addition, under the framework of the DCC, the assignment problem of the dominant poles for each agent is also solved by inverse optimal regulator technology in this article. Finally, several simulation examples verify the effectiveness of our method.
Generation of Circulating Cavity Magnon Polaritons (2023)

In a circulating cavity magnon polariton (quantized spin wave plus photon, resonating in a microwave chamber), the hybrid state and a noninteracting photonic state rotate in opposite directions---an important phenomenon for generating chiral states of electromagnetic modes in cavity magnonics and microwave engineering, to impart angular momentum upon standing waves. This study demonstrates the unidirectional nature of the mode propagation, paving the way for the generation of a high-power microwave beam with high coherence and narrow bandwidth. The authors also demonstrate how the unidirectional mode propagation results in nonreciprocity of the mode's transmission amplitudes and phases.
The Bacterial Flagellar Cap as the Rotary Promoter of Flagellin Self-Assembly (2000)

The growth of the bacterial flagellar filament occurs at its distal end by self-assembly of flagellin transported from the cytoplasm through the narrow central channel. The cap at the growing end is essential for its growth, remaining stably attached while permitting the flagellin insertion. In order to understand the assembly mechanism, we used electron microscopy to study the structures of the cap-filament complex and isolated cap dimer. Five leg-like anchor domains of the pentameric cap flexibly adjusted their conformations to keep just one flagellin binding site open, indicating a cap rotation mechanism to promote the flagellin self-assembly. This represents one of the most dynamic movements in protein structures.
Accurate Protein-Folding Transition-Path Statistics from a Simple Free-Energy Landscape (2018)

A central goal of protein-folding theory is to predict the stochastic dynamics of transition paths-the rare trajectories that transit between the folded and unfolded ensembles-using only thermodynamic information, such as a low-dimensional equilibrium free-energy landscape. However, commonly used one-dimensional landscapes typically fall short of this aim, because an empirical coordinate-dependent diffusion coefficient has to be fit to transition-path trajectory data in order to reproduce the transition-path dynamics. We show that an alternative, first-principles free-energy landscape predicts transition-path statistics that agree well with simulations and single-molecule experiments without requiring dynamical data as an input. This "topological configuration" model assumes that distinct, native-like substructures assemble on a time scale that is slower than native-contact formation but faster than the folding of the entire protein. Using only equilibrium simulation data to determine the free energies of these coarse-grained intermediate states, we predict a broad distribution of transition-path transit times that agrees well with the transition-path durations observed in simulations. We further show that both the distribution of finite-time displacements on a one-dimensional order parameter and the ensemble of transition-path trajectories generated by the model are consistent with the simulated transition paths. These results indicate that a landscape based on transient folding intermediates, which are often hidden by one-dimensional projections, can form the basis of a predictive model of protein-folding transition-path dynamics.
Male Infertility (2023)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey25 Jul 2023Male Infertility Craig NiederbergerMD Craig NiederbergerCraig Niederberger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003625AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Craig Niederberger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Preparation of Pickering Double Emulsions Using Block Copolymer Worms (2015)

The rational formulation of Pickering double emulsions is described using a judicious combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic block copolymer worms as highly anisotropic emulsifiers. More specifically, RAFT dispersion polymerization was utilized to prepare poly(lauryl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) worms at 20% w/w solids in n-dodecane and poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) worms at 13% w/w solids in water by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsions can be readily prepared with mean droplet diameters ranging from 30 to 80 μm using a two-stage approach. First, a w/o precursor emulsion comprising 25 μm aqueous droplets is prepared using the hydrophobic worms, followed by encapsulation within oil droplets stabilized by the hydrophilic worms. The double emulsion droplet diameter and number of encapsulated water droplets can be readily varied by adjusting the stirring rate employed during the second stage. For each stage, the droplet volume fraction is relatively high at 0.50. The double emulsion nature of the final formulation was confirmed by optical and fluorescence microscopy studies. Such double emulsions are highly stable to coalescence, with little or no change in droplet diameter being detected over storage at 20 °C for 10 weeks as judged by laser diffraction. Preliminary experiments indicate that the complementary o/w/o emulsions can also be prepared using the same pair of worms by changing the order of homogenization, although somewhat lower droplet volume fractions were required in this case. Finally, we demonstrate that triple and even quadruple emulsions can be formulated using these new highly anisotropic Pickering emulsifiers.
Cycling Behavior of a High Voltage Spinel Using an Original Three Electrodes Li1-xNi0.4Mn1.6O4//Li//LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 Symmetric Cell: Application to LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 Electrolyte Interface Degradation Studies (2013)

The interface between LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 and alkylcarbonate-based electrolytes is investigated by ab initio calculations, ICP-AES measurements and electrochemical tests. Interface degradation is known to occur by both the electrolyte oxidation and the Mn n+ and Ni n+ ion dissolution. Nevertheless, EC or PC oxidation, leading to a polymeric film formation, is able to contribute to the interface stabilization. Besides Li//LiNi 0.4 Mn 1.6 O 4 half-cells, Li 1-x Ni 0.4 Mn 1.6 O 4 //LiNi 0.4 Mn 1.6 O 4 symmetric cells are used in order to eliminate the effects from the strong reducing nature of lithium on the electrolyte. Systematic comparisons of fading and coulombic efficiency show that the main degradation mechanism in half-cells is the electrolyte oxidation, as a consequence of the continuous precipitation of metal ion-based compounds on the lithium electrode. The symmetric cell studies indicate that redox shuttles (M n+ ↔ M (n-1)+ , M=Mn or Ni) are mainly responsible for the LiNi 0.4 Mn 1.6 O 4 /electrolyte interface degradation despite the possible presence of a polymeric film. Symmetric cells also confirm EC superiority over other alkylcarbonates at the LiNi 0.4 Mn 1.6 O 4 interface.
Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Protein Kinase in the Thyroid: Partial Purification and Characterization (1972)

Cyclic nucleotide dependent protein kinase (CNDPK) has been previously demonstrated in thyroid tissue. We confirm its presence in bovine and rat thyroid tissue, and describe a procedure for the partial purification of bovine CNDPK. This involves an acid precipitation step, followed successively by Sephadex G-200 filtration, DEAE-cellulose and hydroxylapatite chromatography. A 70–100-fold increase in specific activity was achieved. Evaluation of bovine thyroid CNDPK showed half maximal phasphorylation of calf thymus histone type IIA at a concentration of 100 μg histone per standard assay in the presence and absence of cyclic-AMP. The Km for ATP was 3.3 × 10-5M in the presence and absence of cyclic-AMP. The Km for cyclic-AMP was 4 × 10-8M, and that for cyclic- IMP 6 × 10-7M. Cyclic-AMP and cyclic-IMP were equally the most stimulatory of the cyclic nucleotides (343 and 334% of control respectively), followed by cyclic-GMP (171%), cyclic- CMP and cyclic UMP (144%), and dibutyryl cyclic-AMP (125%). Cyclic-TMP had no stimulatory effect. Acute administration of bovine TSH to rats had no significant effect on crude thyroidal CNDPK activity at 1½, 5 and 20 hr after injection. Chronic feeding of propylthiouracil to rats led to an increase in total thyroidal enzyme activity, whereas L-thyroxine suppression of endogenous TSH secretion led to a decrease in total CNDPK activity. Because of the absence of an acute effect of TSH on rat thyroid CNDPK, we are unable to define a physiological role for the enzyme in the mediation of the rapid effects of TSH. (Endocrinology91: 1259, 1972)
Role of MyD88 and TLR9 in the Innate Immune Response Elicited by Serotype 5 Adenoviral Vectors (2007)

A replication-incompetent adenoviral (Ad) vector is generating interest for both gene therapy and immunotherapy. A major limitation of the use of Ad vectors is the innate immune response, which causes inflammatory cytokine production and tissue damage; however, the precise mechanism of the innate immune response remains to be clarified. Here, we show that serotype 5 human Ad vectors elicit innate immune responses through a myeloid differentiating factor 88 (MyD88)/Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9-dependent and/or -independent manner according to cell type. After stimulation with Ad vectors, the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 was significantly decreased in MyD88- or TLR9-deficient dendritic cells (DCs), compared with wild-type DCs. In addition, the surface expression of maturation marker proteins, such as CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class II, in MyD88- or TLR9-deficient granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-DCs was similar to that in wild-type DCs. On the other hand, MyD88- or TLR9-deficient peritoneal macrophages produced the same level of IL-6 as wild-type macrophages after infection with Ad vectors. We did not find any differences in the mRNA expression levels of the molecules involved in innate immunity, such as MyD88, TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9, between DCs and macrophages. The intravenous injection of luciferase-expressing Ad vectors into MyD88- or TLR9-deficient mice resulted in almost comparable levels of IL-6 and IL-12 production and luciferase expression with wild-type mice. These results suggest that Ad vectors can activate innate immunity via MyD88/TLR9-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
Trihydroxycholanoyl‐taurine in brains of rodents with hepatic encephalopathy (2021)

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neurological disease resulting from liver failure, is difficult to manage and its causes are unclear. Bile acids have been postulated to be involved in the provenance and progression of various diseases including HE. Hence, the characterization of bile acid profiles in the brains of subjects with and without liver failure can provide important clues for the potential treatment of HE. Nanoflow ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization ion mobility mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IM-MS) is a highly sensitive method for detection of specific molecules, such as bile acids in brain samples, at biologically relevant concentrations. We used UPLC-ESI-IM-MS to characterize bile acid profiles in brain samples from seven "healthy" control rodents and 22 "diseased" rodents with liver failure (i.e., induced HE). An isomer of trihydroxycholanoyl-taurine was detected in brain tissue samples from both rats and mice with induced HE; however, this isomer was not detected in the brains of healthy rats and mice. Our findings were confirmed by comparing IM arrival times (AT), exact mass measurements (m/z), and mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the experimentally observed suspected species to standards of trihydroxycholanoyl-taurine isomers. Moreover, In Silico Fractionation was employed to provide an additional analytical dimension to verify bile acid identifications.
Data from Inhibition of CDK4/6 Promotes CD8 T-cell Memory Formation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;CDK4/6 inhibitors are approved to treat breast cancer and are in trials for other malignancies. We examined CDK4/6 inhibition in mouse and human CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells during early stages of activation. Mice receiving tumor-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors displayed increased T-cell persistence and immunologic memory. CDK4/6 inhibition upregulated MXD4, a negative regulator of MYC, in both mouse and human CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. Silencing of &lt;i&gt;Mxd4 or Myc&lt;/i&gt; in mouse CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells demonstrated the importance of this axis for memory formation. We used single-cell transcriptional profiling and T-cell receptor clonotype tracking to evaluate recently activated human CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in patients with breast cancer before and during treatment with either palbociclib or abemaciclib. CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy in humans increases the frequency of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; memory precursors and downregulates their expression of MYC target genes, suggesting that CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with cancer may augment long-term protective immunity.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;CDK4/6 inhibition skews newly activated CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells toward a memory phenotype in mice and humans with breast cancer. CDK4/6 inhibitors may have broad utility outside breast cancer, particularly in the neoadjuvant setting to augment CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell priming to tumor antigens prior to dosing with checkpoint blockade.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2355&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A System-of-Systems Approach to Analyzing Future Advanced Air Mobility Cargo Operations (2022)

Significant interest in electric air vehicles has spurred the development and analysis of Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) for transporting passengers and cargo to regions currently underserved by aerospace systems. Analysis of cargo operations with electric air vehicles is crucial for the long-term viability of AAM, but a generalized methodology for such analysis has yet to be developed. Using a system-of-systems approach, this paper presents a framework and set of methodologies for analyzing future AAM cargo operations. An example case study is performed for delivery with electric aircraft in the Chicago metropolitan area to demonstrate the proposed methodology.
A Variable-Phase Ring Oscillator and PLL Architecture for Integrated Phased Array Transceivers (2008)

A variable-phase ring oscillator (VPRO) and phase-locked loop (PLL) architecture is introduced for integrated phased arrays. The architecture eliminates key building blocks such as mixers, phase shifters and power splitters/combiners, allowing for compact and low-power implementations. This paper presents the principles of operation of the architecture in transmit and receive modes, along with a detailed theoretical treatment of critical performance metrics such as linearity and sensitivity. In addition, measured results from a prototype, 24 GHz , 4-channel, phased-array transceiver, implemented in a 0.13 mum CMOS process, are presented.
A new synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5‐d][1,2,4]triazines from pyrazolecarboxylic acid hydrazides and carbonyl compounds. I (1989)

Abstract Pyrazolo[1,5‐d][1,2,4]triazines were synthesized from pyrazolecarboxylic acid hydrazides and carbonyl compounds. Pyrazolecarboxylic acid N ‐phenylhydrazide (1c) and formaldehyde gave not only the expected 4hn but 5 , respectively. The methyl substituted hydrazides with acetone afforded hydrazones, pyrazolotriazines or 13 depending on the position of the substituents. The reduction of both products yielded pyrazolecarboxylic acid hydrazides.
Multiwavelength observations of the February 1996 high-energy flare in the blazar 3C 279 (1997)

We report CGRO, RXTE, ASCA, ROSAT, IUE, HST and ground-based observations of a large flare in 3C 279 in February 1996. X-rays and γ-rays peaked simultaneously (within one day). We show simultaneous spectral energy distributions prior to and near the flare peak. The γ-ray flare was the brightest ever observed in this source.
Bone tissue engineering in a rotating bioreactor using a microcarrier matrix system (2001)

A novel approach was utilized to grow in vitro mineralized bone tissue using lighter-than-water, polymeric scaffolds in a high aspect ratio rotating bioreactor. We have adapted polymer microencapsulation methods for the formation of hollow, lighter-than-water microcarriers of degradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). Scaffolds were fabricated by sintering together lighter-than-water microcarriers from 500 to 860 microm in diameter to create a fully interconnected, three-dimensional network with an average pore size of 187 microm and aggregate density of 0.65 g/mL. Motion in the rotating bioreactor was characterized by numerical simulation and by direct measurement using an in situ particle tracking system. Scaffold constructs established a near circular trajectory in the fluid medium with a terminal velocity of 98 mm/s while avoiding collision with the bioreactor wall. Preliminary cell culture studies on these scaffolds show that osteoblast-like cells readily attached to microcarrier scaffolds using controlled seeding conditions with an average cell density of 6.5 x 10(4) cells/cm(2). The maximum shear stress imparted to attached cells was estimated to be 3.9 dynes/cm(2). In addition, cells cultured in vitro on these lighter-than-water scaffolds retained their osteoblastic phenotype and showed significant increases in alkaline phosphatase expression and alizarin red staining by day 7 as compared with statically cultured controls.
2 x 2 Optical Waveguide Matrix Switch Using Nematic Liquid Crystal (1982)

A 2 X 2 nonblocking optical matrix switch, composed of four elemental switches formed in a slab waveguide, is described. Switching action is based on total internal reflection caused by an electrically controlled change in refractive index of the liquid crystal. Propagation loss was remarkably reduced to 2.3 dB/cm, both by using liquid crystal as a cladding layer and by operating at the 1.31 µm wavelength. The experimental matrix switch exhibited 7.3-7.7 dB insertion loss, -17.3 to -18.2 dB crosstalk, and a 14° switching angle.
High-Rate Extrusion of Pvdc Polymers (1990)

The current extrusion technology for PVDC polymers is reviewed m detail Items covered include extruder screw design, controlled feeding, and screw temperature control The application of these principles to obtain rates of 185-195 kg/h is described
Exploiting Routing Redundancy Using a Wide-area Overlay (2002)

As new and interesting peer-to-peer applications combine with advancements in networking technology, they are reaching millions of users across the globe. Numerous studies have shown, however, that loss of connectivity is common on the wide-area network, due to hardware and software failures, and network misconfigurations. Despite the natural redundancy present in underlying network links, the current IP layer fails to recognize and recover from these frequent failures in a timely fashion. This paper presents fault-tolerant routing on the Tapestry overlay network, which exploits existing network redundancy by dynamically switching traffic onto precomputed alternate routes. Furthermore, messages in our system can be duplicated and multicast &amp;quot;around&amp;quot; network congestion and failure hotspots with rapid reconvergence to drop duplicates. Our simulations show fault-tolerant Tapestry to be highly effective at circumventing link and node failures, with reasonable cost in terms of additional routing latency and bandwidth cost.
Growth Factor Phosphorylation of PLC‐γ 1 (2007)

The hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate has a central role in many signalling pathways. One of the phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes that mediates this reaction is a direct substrate for the tyrosine kinase activity of several growth factor receptors. Growth factors elicit increases in both the phosphoserine and the phosphotyrosine content of the PLC-γ1 isozyme. PLC-γ1 contains three tyrosine phosphorylation sites, which have been identified as residues 771, 183 and 1254. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues is sufficient to increase the catalytic activity of PLC-γ1, though other proteins may modulate this activation. However, the role of growth factor-enhanced phosphorylation of serine residues on PLC-γ1, remains obscure. In vitro studies of PLC-γ1, recovered from growth factor-treated cells, indicate that activation by tyrosine phosphorylation is not due to increased sensitivity to Ca2+, a required co-factor, but is reflected in altered kinetic constants, i.e.Vmax and, to a lesser extent, KM.