gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementing an Experimental Cognitive Radio System for DySPAN (2007)

Motorola Labs implemented an experimental cognitive radio system for use at the Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN) Symposium 2007. To exercise a practical communication link in a shared spectrum, the system provided a live video feed via a dynamically-allocatable OFDM physical layer. Each demonstration unit included an RF signal conditioning module for DySPAN channel allocations, a custom RF transceiver IC, digital signal processing, and an embedded Linux operating system. Connected to the units via Ethernet, a PC presented a graphical user interface, including the video feed and visualization of the spectral sensing, signal detection, and frequency allocation that was taking place in the units.
Multimodal data as a means to understand the learning experience (2019)

Most work in the design of learning technology uses click-streams as their primary data source for modelling & predicting learning behaviour. In this paper we set out to quantify what, if any, advantages do physiological sensing techniques provide for the design of learning technologies. We conducted a lab study with 251 game sessions and 17 users focusing on skill development (i.e., user's ability to master complex tasks). We collected click-stream data, as well as eye-tracking, electroencephalography (EEG), video, and wristband data during the experiment. Our analysis shows that traditional click-stream models achieve 39% error rate in predicting learning performance (and 18% when we perform feature selection), while for fused multimodal the error drops up to 6%. Our work highlights the limitations of standalone click-stream models, and quantifies the expected benefits of using a variety of multimodal data coming from physiological sensing. Our findings help shape the future of learning technology research by pointing out the substantial benefits of physiological sensing.
Production of Thermal Insulation Composite Material Based on Polymers (2012)

Recycling of materials is an important point of sustainable construction. The aim is to find a compromise between energy saving, economy and ecology. The contribution discusses the production of thermal insulation composite material made of polymers. Uniform dispersion of grains of foamy glass waste (filler) in polymer filling from recycled thermoplastics induces formation of particle composite. The production supports usage of secondary raw materials. Decisive properties in choosing the materials to be applied include mainly the coefficient of thermal conductivity, density, compressive strength and water absorption.
Flexible sensor matrix with dynamic channel weighting for improved estimation of the fetal heart rate by doppler ultrasound (2017)

Electronic fetal heart rate (fHR) monitoring is standard in clinical practice to detect deviations from the normal fHR pattern. Typically, an ultrasound (US) transducer, operating in a pulsedwave Doppler mode, measures the periodic motion of the fetal heart, from which the fHR can be derived. However, as the fetus moves through the birth canal, the fetal-heart location (fHL) changes continuously. Consequently, the clinical staff needs to manually track the fHL and reposition the US transducer accordingly. In this research, a new flexible US patch with multiple elements is designed; it allows measuring the fHR over a large range of possible fHLs. Further, a method for dynamic combination of the receiving channels is presented, with the aim of improving the Doppler signal and, therefore, the accuracy of the fHR estimation.
Imaging Efficacy of a Hepatocyte-Selective Polyiodinated Triglyceride for Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (2001)

In the animal model tested, DHOG-LE imaging efficacy was directly related to iodine dose and was independent of formulation composition. Thus, administration of DHOG-LE in highly concentrated lipid preparations minimized administered dose volume and resulted in appreciable liver enhancement, even at the lowest dose of 50 mg I/kg.
Integrated intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) - ultrasound (US) imaging system (2010)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) are considered two complementary imaging techniques in the detection and diagnosis of atherosclerosis. OCT permits visualization of micron-scale features of atherosclerosis plaque, and IVUS offers full imaging depth of vessel wall. Under the guidance of IVUS, minimal amount of flushing agent will be needed to obtain OCT imaging of the interested area. We report on a dual-modality optical coherence tomography (OCT) - ultrasound (US) system for intravascular imaging. To the best of our knowledge, we have developed the first integrated OCT-US probe that combines OCT optical components with an ultrasound transducer. The OCT optical components mainly consist of a single mode fiber, a gradient index (GRIN) lens for light beam focusing, and a right-angled prism for reflecting light into biological tissue. A 40MHz PZT-5H side-viewing ultrasound transducer was fabricated to obtain the ultrasound image. These components were integrated into a single probe, enabling both OCT and ultrasound imaging at the same time. In vitro OCT and ultrasound images of a rabbit aorta were obtained using this dual-modality imaging system. This study demonstrates the feasibility of an OCT-US system for intravascular imaging which is expected to have a prominent impact on early detection and characterization of atherosclerosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazo[1,2‐c]quinazolines as Possible Bronchodilators. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bond Graphs for Automated Simulation and Control of Nonlinear Vehicle Systems (1987)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Bond graphs are a concise pictorial representation of the interactive dynamics of all types of energetic, engineering systems. Their virtue lies in the relatively few symbols required to model dynamic &lt;u&gt;systems&lt;/u&gt; with many coupled, interacting energy domains, in the ease with which physical state variables are identified, and in the manner in which equation formulation is dictated. The procedure for deriving state equations is so unified and repetitive, that a digital computer can automatically derive the state equations directly from the bond graph structure.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper develops some of these bond graph virtues for application to vehicle dynamics with emphasis on 3-D rigid body sprung mass motions, suspension dynamics, and steering dynamics. The methods of including control in the system model are presented, and the development of control policies for nonlinear vehicle systems is discussed.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Several programs currently exist for automated equation derivation and simulation directly from a bond graph description. In some of these programs the system can be linear or nonlinear, and represents a substantial aid to the engineer in the design of vehicle systems. These programs are discussed.&lt;/div&gt;
An Examination of Flexible Group Work Spaces in the Open Office (1990)

This paper examines the impact of flexible open office group work spaces on group work and workers. As a case study, two flexible group spaces were evaluated by means of a post occupancy evaluation. The evaluation methodology was driven by a series of seven hypotheses related to how the physical setting may impact group effectiveness in relation to group tasks, tools and work styles. The findings indicate that flexibility in open plan group work spaces is highly valued by the users.
Fluorescence Microscopy: A Concise Guide to Current Imaging Methods (2017)

The field of fluorescence microscopy is rapidly growing and offers ever more imaging capabilities for biologists. Over the past decade, many new technologies and techniques have been developed that allow for combinations of deeper, faster, and higher resolution imaging. These have included the commercialization of many super-resolution and light sheet fluorescence microscopy techniques. For the non-expert, it can be difficult to match the best imaging techniques to biological questions. Picking the most appropriate imaging modality requires a basic understanding of the underlying physics governing each of them, as well as information comparing potentially competing imaging properties in the context of the sample to be imaged. To address these issues, we provide here concise descriptions of a wide range of commercially available imaging techniques from wide-field to super-resolution microscopy, and provide a tabular guide to aid in comparisons among them. In this manner we provide a concise guide to understanding and matching the correct imaging modality to meet research needs. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Physical Detection of Specific Proteins using Gold Nanoparticles (2008)

The mechanism of Michael addition of malononitrile to chalcones catalyzed by Cinchona alkaloid aluminium(III) complex has been investigated by DFT and ONIOM methods. Calculations indicate that the reaction proceeds through a dual activation mechanism, in which Al(III) acts as a Lewis acid to activate the electrophile α,β-unsaturated carbonyl substrate while the tertiary amine in the Cinchona alkaloid works as a Lewis base to promote the activation of the malononitrile and deprotonation. A stepwise pathway involving C-C bond formation followed by proton transfer from the catalyst to the carbonyl substrate is adopted, and latter step is predicted to be the rate-determining-step in the reaction with an energy barrier of 12.4 kcal mol(-1). In the absence of the Al(III)-complex, a Cinchona alkaloid activates the carbonyl substrate by a hydrogen bonding of the hydroxyl group, involving a higher energy barrier of 30.4 kcal mol(-1). The steric repulsion between the phenyl group attached to the carbonyl group in the chalcone and isopropoxyl groups of the Al(III)-complex may play an important role in the control of stereoselectivity. The π-π stacking effect between the quinuclidine ring of the quinine and the phenyl group of the chalcones may also help the stabilization of the preferred molecular complex. These results are in agreement with experimental observations.
Pharmacological blockade of aquaporin-1 water channel by AqB013 restricts migration and invasiveness of colon cancer cells and prevents endothelial tube formation in vitro (2016)

These data provide good evidence for further testing of the inhibitor as a therapeutic agent in colon cancer.
O2‐07‐03: Regulatory T Cells Delay Disease Progression in Alzheimer's‐Like Pathology (2016)

Recent studies highlight the implication of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and foster immunotherapy as a promising strategy for its treatment. Vaccines targeting amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide provided encouraging results in mouse models, but severe side effects attributed to T cell responses in the first clinical trial AN1792 underlined the need for better understanding adaptive immunity in AD. We previously showed that regulatory T cells (Tregs) critically control Abeta-specific CD4+T cell responses in both physiological and pathological settings. Here, we analyzed the impact of Tregs on spontaneous disease progression in a murine model of AD. Preclinical studies were carried out in the APPPS1 mouse model. Treg cells were either depleted using anti-CD25 antibodies, or selectively amplified through low-dose IL-2 treatment. Impact of early Treg modulation on cognitive functions, neuropathology, and disease-related gene expression was assessed. Early transient depletion of Tregs accelerated the onset of cognitive deficits in APPPS1 mice, without altering Abeta deposition. Earlier cognitive impairment correlated with reduced recruitment of microglia towards amyloid deposits and altered disease-related gene expression profile. Conversely, amplification of Tregs through peripheral low-dose IL-2 treatment increased numbers of plaque-associated microglia, and restored cognitive functions in APPPS1 mice. These data suggest that Tregs play a beneficial role in the pathophysiology of AD, by slowing disease progression and modulating microglial response to Abeta deposition. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of repurposed IL-2 for innovative immunotherapy based on Tregs modulation in AD.
Pseudomorphic Transformation of Layered Simple Hydroxides into Prussian Blue Analogue Nanoplatelets (2016)

Abstract The reactivity of potassium or sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) with transition‐metal layered simple hydroxides (LSHs) has been investigated to evaluate the possibility of inserting Prussian Blue analogues (PBAs) into magnetic copper(II) LSHs. This report shows how such a reaction led, unexpectedly, to the direct formation of PBA nanoparticles, the layered hydroxide serving as a metal‐ion reservoir. The lamellar structure of the starting LSH collapses and copper–iron PBA nanoparticles were obtained as well‐defined cubic structures stacked in layers. In addition to structural and magnetic characterization, the reaction mechanism was investigated by 57 Fe Mössbauer spectrometry and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. The layered copper hydroxide acetate turns out to be a smart precursor of well‐shaped PBA nanoparticle layers through pseudomorphic replication.
Kinetics studies in a continuous steady state hollow fiber membrane enzyme reactor (1974)

Abstract Porous hollow cellulose fibers have been used to separate a nonflowing enzyme solution of alkaline phosphatase from a continuous flow of substrate. The porosity of the hollow fiber membrane allows the substrate and product to diffuse freely through the membrane while restricting the permeation of the enzyme. The resulting “immobilized” enzyme system has been shown to behave as a continuous reactor—converting p ‐nitrophenylphosphate to p ‐nitrophenol. By varying the concentrations, flow rate, etc., either diffusion or enzyme kinetics can be studied. The continual influx of product and removal of substrate at steady state allows the study of kinetics of relatively short half‐life enzymes and unstable systems.
Biochemical Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma by Determining Normetanephrine and Metanephrine Concentrations in Single Voide Urine (1988)

Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma has been made by the determination of urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline excretion for 24 hours. The assay procedure and the collection of urine for 24 hrs. are intricate. In the present study, we have ascertained the clinical significance of urinary normetanephrine (NM) and metanephrine (M), chemically stable metabolites of catecholamines, in single voided urine for a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Urine and plasma samples were collected from 361 normal subjects, 59 patients with essential hypertension, 22 patients with chronic renal failure and 22 patients with pheochromocytoma. Urinary NM and M concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay with prior hydrolysis by acidification with 1N HCl. Plasma NM and M concentrations in normal subjects were 71.8 +/- 30.7 pg/ml and 41.5 +/- 8.61 pg/ml, respectively. Plasma NM was increased in 8 and plasma M was increased in 20 of 21 patients with pheochromocytoma, although many of these overlapped with those patients with chronic renal failure (NM, 285.9 +/- 175.1 pg/ml; M, 206.3 +/- 186.7 pg/ml) and essential hypertension (NM, 107.7 +/- 90.7 pg/ml; M, 46.7 +/- 20.2 pg/ml). Urinary NM and M concentrations did not show specific diurnal variation and there was significant correlations between the values in single voided urine and those in the 24 hour urine. Urinary NM and M concentrations in normal controls were 197.5 +/- 46.7 ng/mg Cr. and 125.3 +/- 37.1 ng/mg Cr., respectively. Urinary NM concentration was increased in 14 and urinary M concentration was increased in all of 17 patients with pheochromocytoma. In addition, urinary M concentration was higher in most of the 17 patients with pheochromocytoma than that in the patients with chronic renal failure and essential hypertension. However, the values in three patients with Sipple's syndrome with a small adrenal tumor or recurrent cases overlapped with those in other diseases. Relationships between urinary concentrations of NM and/or M and tumor size showed positive correlations. Urinary NM and M concentrations showed significant decreases after surgical removal of the tumors. These results suggest that NM and/or M concentrations in single voided urine could be a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for pheochromocytoma.
Heat transfer between two metallic surfaces at small distances (1994)

In scanning thermal microscopy, but also in scanning tunneling microscopy, the thermal contact between tip and sample plays an important role. The heat transfer across the vacuum gap between two parallel metallic surfaces, if the gap width is decreased below several microns, has been investigated. At these distances propagating electromagnetic modes die out but simultaneously a transfer of nonpropagating surface modes across the gap becomes more probable. The heat conductance of the vacuum gap should become distance dependent and larger than that given by the Stefan–Boltzmann law; however, the experimental results and theoretical considerations indicate that the heat transfer, based on the discussed proximity mechanism, is very small, smaller than predicted by the theory of Polder and Van Hove [Phys. Rev. B 4, 3303 (1971)].
200-GHz Amplifier With 16-dB Gain and 6.4-mW Power Consumption for Phased-Array Receivers (2018)

This letter presents a high-gain low-power amplifier for phased arrays operating at millimeter-wave frequencies. The amplifier consists of the cascade of five common-base stages, which are matched with a multistub approach. The circuit was fabricated in a 130-nm BiCMOS technology and provides 16dB of gain for a dc power consumption of just 6.4 mW from a 0.8-V voltage supply. The -3-dB frequency band spans from 175 GHz to 200 GHz, which corresponds to a relative bandwidth of 14%. The measured input and output return losses are above 12 dB at the center of the frequency band of amplification, and then gradually increase up to 6 dB toward its edges. The layout of the amplifier is shaped for integration into a planned receiver phased array. The described features are enabled by the use of common-base stages, and by the designed multistub matching networks. The amplifier compares well against other reported designs operating at 200 GHz by showing the highest gain normalized to the power consumption, with an improvement of more than a factor of two.
The association of lumbar spondylolisthesis with collagen IX tryptophan alleles (2004)

Two collagen type IX gene polymorphisms that introduce a tryptophan residue into the protein's triple-helical domain have been linked to an increased risk of lumbar disc disease. To determine whether a particular subset of symptomatic lumbar disease is specifically associated with these polymorphisms, we performed a prospective case-control study of 107 patients who underwent surgery of the lumbar spine. Patients were assigned to one of five clinical categories (fracture, disc degeneration, disc herniation, spinal stenosis without spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis with spondylolisthesis) based on history, imaging results, and findings during surgery. Of the 11 tryptophan-positive patients, eight had spinal stenosis with spondylolisthesis and three had disc herniation. The presence of the tryptophan allele was significantly associated with African-American or Asian designation for race (odds ratio 4.61, 95% CI 0.63 to 25.35) and with the diagnosis of spinal stenosis with spondylolisthesis (odds ratio 6.81, 95% CI 1.47 to 41.95). Our findings indicate that tryptophan polymorphisms predispose carriers to the development of symptomatic spinal stenosis associated with spondylolisthesis which requires surgery.
Accurate interconnect modeling for efficient transient simulation in VLSI chip design. (2006)

Aggressive VLSI feature size shrinking makes integrated circuits and systems both larger and faster. CMOS integrated circuits are now operating at well more than 3 GHz of clock; nevertheless, it is projected that the VLSI chip speed will enhance in a decade by a factor of <italic>four</italic>. As the interconnect scaling poses a serious challenge to signal integrity and circuit speed, these interconnects must be represented as distributed RLC transmission lines. The huge number of interconnects within the chip makes the traditional simulators prohibitively slow. Therefore, among other techniques to speed up the simulation, efficient interconnect modeling algorithms are needed to obtain accurate models for efficient circuit simulation in VLSI chip design. Since the <italic>Differential Quadrature</italic> (DQ) method was invented for solving partial differential equations (PDE's) in 1972, it has been recognized by mathematicians as a computationally efficient approximation technique. The DQ method can accurately compute nonlinear PDE's with ten times less grid points than required by the finite difference (FD) methods. In this research, this key feature of the DQ method is exploited to build faster mathematical modeling tools for solving inter-connect modeling problems in high-speed VLSI chip design and simulation. <italic>Passivity</italic> preservation is an important criterion for interconnect modeling. Although original DQ methods demonstrate high efficiency, their passivities are not guaranteed. We have adapted DQ methods to interconnect modeling to ensure its passivity. Using the equivalent circuit based on the DQ method to represent interconnects, a speedup of up to six times over HSPICE is demonstrated in the numerical experiments of transient simulation. The <italic>Finite Difference Quadrature</italic> FDQ method is proposed for transmission line modeling. The FDQ method adapts coarse grid points along the transmission line to compute the <italic>finite difference</italic> between adjacent grid points by using a global approximation scheme in the form of a weighted sum of quantities beyond the local grid points. Unlike the Gaussian Quadrature method that computes numerical integrals by using global approximation framework, the FDQ method uses global, quadrature method to construct the approximation schemes to compute, however, numerical finite differences. The FDQ method has superior numerical dispersion to the FD method and needs much sparser grid points to achieve comparable accuracy. Numerical results show that FDQ method is an effective way to accurately model transmission lines for fast circuit simulation.
Entity Resolution in Graphs (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Related Work Motivating Example for Graph-Based Entity Resolution Graph-Based Entity Resolution: Problem Formulation Similarity Measures for Entity Resolution Graph-Based Clustering for Entity Resolution Experimental Evaluation Conclusion References