gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of water, glycerin, paraffin oil and ethanol on skin mechanics. (1993)

Moisturizers and emollients do not only smooth the skin but also make it more supple. To clarify this effect, the short-term influence of tap water, paraffin oil, ethanol and glycerin on skin mechanics was studied. These substances are all common ingredients in moisturizers and emollients. Significant changes were seen already after 10 min of application. The distensibility and hysteresis (creep phenomenon) showed the most pronounced changes. Water and paraffin oil application caused significant (p < 0.03) increases after 10 min of application. The changes persisted for at least 10 min following paraffin oil application, while they disappeared sooner following water application. Application of ethanol had a negative effect on distensibility (p < 0.03). Glycerin appears to have a slow onset of action, but with the changes continuing even after application was stopped. The changes induced by glycerin appear to be similar to those induced by water and paraffin oil. The study shows that some of the most common ingredients in moisturizers and emollients are capable of inducing significant changes in the mechanical properties of human skin in vivo even after a 10-min application, suggesting that the outermost layers of the epidermis play an important role in skin mechanics.
Ethyl Mandelate as a Convenient New Benzoyl Anion Equivalent (1997)

Ethyl mandelate acts as a convenient benzoyl anion equivalent for the formation of alkyl aryl ketones by deprotonation-alkylation followed by flash vacuum pyrolysis.
The effect of DC polarization on the magnitude and phase of the CM harmonics (1978)

Rectification processes must play an important role in the mechanical to neural transduction process in the auditory system since intracellular recording has demonstrated large DC receptor potentials for sinusoidal acoustic stimuli in inner haircells [I. J. Russell, and P. M. Sellick, Nature 267, 858–860 (1977)]. Any rectification process would not only generate DC potentials but also would generate even harmonic distortion. The magnitude and phase of the CM fundamental and harmonics were measured in scale media of the first turn of the guinea pig cochlea using digital signal-processing techniques. The data suggest that the even order harmonics are the sum of two separate components which are 180° out of phase at low acoustic frequencies. One component dominates at low SPL and the other at high SPL. Positive DC polarization shifts the transition of the two components to lower SPL and a reverse current shifts the transition to higher SPL. The results are consistent with our recent hypothesis that the haircell membrane resistance is nonlinear. [This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health.]
Pulmonary Complications Following Abdominal Lipectomy (1983)

Hunter, Gary M.D.; Crapo, Robert O. M.D.; Broadbent, T. Ray M.D.; Woolf, Robert M. M.D.; Mathews, William A. M.D. Author Information
Blind Source Separation for NMR Spectra with Negative Intensity (2020)

NMR spectral datasets, especially in systems with limited samples, can be difficult to interpret if they contain multiple chemical components (phases, polymorphs, molecules, crystals, glasses, etc&amp;hellip;) and the possibility of overlapping resonances. In this paper, we benchmark several blind source separation techniques for analysis of NMR spectral datasets containing negative intensity. For benchmarking purposes, we generated a large synthetic datasbase of quadrupolar solid-state NMR-like spectra that model spin-lattice T1 relaxation or nutation tip/flip angle experiments. Our benchmarking approach focused exclusively on the ability of blind source separation techniques to reproduce the spectra of the underlying pure components. In general, we find that FastICA (Fast Independent Component Analysis), SIMPLISMA (SIMPLe-to-use-Interactive Self-modeling Mixture Analysis), and NNMF (Non-Negative Matrix Factorization) are top-performing techniques. We demonstrate that dataset normalization approaches prior to blind source separation do not considerably improve outcomes. Within the range of noise levels studied, we did not find drastic changes to the ranking of techniques. The accuracy of FastICA and SIMPLISMA degrades quickly if excess (unreal) pure components are predicted. Our results indicate poor performance of SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) methods, and we propose alternative techniques for matrix initialization. The benchmarked techniques are also applied to real solid state NMR datasets. In general, the recommendations from the synthetic datasets agree with the recommendations and results from the real data analysis. The discussion provides some additional recommendations for spectroscopists applying blind source separation to NMR datasets, and for future benchmark studies. Applications of blind source separation to NMR datasets containing negative intensity may be especially useful for understanding complex and disordered systems with limited samples and mixtures of chemical components.
Curcumin Suppresses Pro‐Inflammatory Response through Interference of NF‐κB Activation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (2018)

Oxidative stress and redox‐sensitive transcription factors are involved in the process of inflammation which plays a central role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. NF‐κB is a redox‐sensitive transcription factor which was activated secondary to excessive mitochondrial ROS production in the endothelium, participating in a various of proinflammatory and prothrombotic reactions in the endothelial cells. In the present study, we found that the production of ROS was induced by IL‐1 β and pretreatment with curcumin could decrease the induction of ROS by IL‐1 β in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Since atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased oxidative stress in the vascular endothelium, we proposed that the inhibitory effect of curcumin on NF‐κB activation may be due to its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. We also measured the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 protein of the NF‐κB family to examined whether the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the cytokine‐induced expression of pro‐inflammatory response is medicated via NF‐κB. Our results indicated that the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 were induced by IL‐1 β, whereas the pretreatment with curcumin could inhibit the induction of translocation by IL‐1 β in HUVECs. Therefore, we confirmed that curcumin has an anti‐inflammatory effect through the partial interference of NF‐κB activation. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by NSC 100‐2313‐B‐309‐003 to A‐C Cheng and NSC 95‐2815‐C‐039‐019‐B to Y‐M Yu. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
A reconfigurable patch antenna using switchable slots for circular polarization diversity (2002)

A novel design of a microstrip patch antenna with switchable slots (PASS) is proposed to achieve circular polarization diversity. Two orthogonal slots are incorporated into the patch and two pin diodes are utilized to switch the slots on and off. By turning the diodes on or off, this antenna can radiate with either right hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left hand circular polarization (LHCP) using the same feeding probe. Experimental results validate this concept. This design demonstrates useful features for wireless communication applications and future planetary missions.
Skład chemiczny i właściwości przeciwdrobnoustrojowe olejku eterycznego i ekstraktu z mięty pieprzowej odmiany ‘Asia’ (2013)

S t r e s z c z e n i e Celem pracy bylo określenie aktywności biologicznej oraz oznaczenie związkow lotnych metodą GC/MS olejku i ekstraktu z miety. Surowiec do badan stanowilo ziele miety pieprzowej (Mentha piperita L.) odmiany ‘Asia’, pochodzącej z uprawy doświadczalnej. Olejek eteryczny otrzymywano za pomocą hydrodestylacji przy uzyciu aparatu Derynga, a ekstrakt alkoholowy metodą maceracji. Stwierdzono, ze badany olejek i ekstrakt z miety wykazują odmienny sklad chemiczny. W olejku zidentyfikowano 45 związkow, natomiast w ekstrakcie 15. Olejek charakteryzowal sie najwiekszym udzialem mentolu (24,2 %), izomentonu (11,6 %), izomentolu (7,9 %), eukaliptolu (6,1 %) oraz octanu mentylu (5,8 %). W ekstrakcie dominowaly takie związki, jak: mentol (34,4 %), izomenton (17,8 %), neoizomentol (7,1 %). W skladzie ekstraktu z miety oznaczono takze metaboliczny prekursor steroli – skwalen, fitol oraz stigmast–8(14)–en–3β–ol. Do oceny aktywności przciwdrobnoustrojowej wobec bakterii i grzybow zastosowano metode dyfuzyjno-krązkową. Badania wykazaly, ze bakterie byly mniej wrazliwe na dzialanie olejku mietowego niz grzyby, natomiast ekstrakt nie wykazal aktywności przeciwgrzybicznej. Slowa kluczowe: mieta pieprzowa odmiany ‘Asia’, olejek eteryczny, ekstrakt, sklad chemiczny wlaściwości przeciwdrobnoustrojowe
Production of lignin based insoluble polymers (anionic hydrogels) by C. versicolor (2017)

Unlike previous lignin biodegradation studies, white rot fungi were used to produce functional biopolymers from Kraft lignin. Lignin-based polymers (hydrogel precursors) partially soluble in both aqueous and organic solvents were produced employing a relatively fast (6 days) enzymation of Kraft lignin with basidiomycetes, primarily Coriolus versicolor, pre-grown on kenaf/lignin agar followed by either vacuum evaporation or acid precipitation. After drying followed by a treatment with alkaline water, this intermediate polymer became a pH-sensitive anionic hydrogel insoluble in either aqueous or organic solvents. The yield of this polymer increased from 20 to 72 wt% with the addition of 2% dimethylsulfoxide to distilled water used as a medium. The mechanical stability and buffering capacity of this hydrogel can be adjusted by washing the intermediate polymer/hydrogel precursor prior to drying with solvents of different polarity (water, methanol or ethanol). Any of these polymers featured a significant thermal resilience assessed as a high thermostable "coked" fraction in thermal carbon analysis, apparently resulting from significant covalent cross-linking that occurs during the treatment of their intermediate precursors.
Theories, Facts and Issues About Recliner and Track Release of Front Seats in Rear Impacts (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Objective: This study involved a number of different tests addressing theories for recliner and track release of front seats in rear impacts. It addresses the validity of the theories.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Method: Several separate test series were conducted to address claims made about recliner and track release of front seats in rear impacts. The following theories were evaluated to see the validity of the issues:&lt;ol class="list nostyle"&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recliner teeth slipping with minimal damage to the teeth&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recliner teeth bypass by disengaging and re-engaging under load without damaging the teeth&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recliner shaft bending and torque releasing the recliners&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Track release by heel loading&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Track release with occupant load on the seat&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recliner handle rotation causing recliner release&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Double pull body block tests&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Results: Many of the theories were found to be uncorroborated once actual test data was available to judge the merits of the issue raised. The laboratory tests were set-up to specifically address particular issues. The test data and photos document the findings.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Conclusion: The data and photos provided here demonstrate the reasonableness of the recliner and track systems used in modern seats. The testing reported here addressed issues raised and provides test data on the theories.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Rapid Growth of m-plane Oriented Gallium Nitride Nanoplates on Silicon Substrate Using Laser-Assisted Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (2013)

The m-plane-oriented gallium nitride (GaN) nanoplates were successfully grown on silicon (Si) substrates at 450 °C, using laser-assisted metal organic chemical vapor deposition (L-MOCVD). The morphology and <101̅0> orientation of the nanoplates were confirmed using high-resolution electron microscopes. GaN nanoplates served as seed crystals for the subsequent growth of m-plane-oriented interlinked GaN nanoplates at a longer growth time. The strong A1 (TO) mode in Raman spectra and the (101̅0) peak in X-ray diffraction confirmed the m plane orientation of the nanoplates. The interlinked GaN nanoplates showed a high-growth rate of ∼38 μm/h. The results suggest that L-MOCVD is a promising technique for the rapid growth of m-plane-oriented GaN nanoplates on the Si substrates at low-growth temperatures.
Modulation instability and soliton-Raman generation in P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ doped silica fiber (1992)

Generation of high-repetition-rate modulation instability pulse trains and high- energy soliton-Raman pulses of approximately=60 fs durations, in a single-mode P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-doped silica fiber, is reported. The 7 mol.% concentration P/sub 2/O/sub 5/ fiber was pumped in a single pass arrangement by a Q-switched and mode-locked Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.319 mu m. Operating in the region of zero second-order dispersion, modulation instability Stokes sideband seeded resonantly cascade stimulated Raman scattering associated with Si-O-Si and P=0 vibration modes of the fiber. As a result, broad bandwidth and widely tunable 1.36-1.80 mu m femtosecond pulses were obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Selenium binding protein 1 in ovarian cancer (2005)

Abstract Selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) was identified to be the most significantly down‐regulated protein in ovarian cancer cells by a membrane proteome profiling analysis. SELENBP1 expression levels in 4 normal ovaries, 8 benign ovarian tumors, 12 borderline ovarian tumors and 141 invasive ovarian cancers were analyzed with immunohistochemical assay. SELENBP1 expression was reduced in 87% cases of invasive ovarian cancer (122/141) and was significantly reduced in borderline tumors and invasive cancers ( p &lt; 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis within the 141 invasive cancer tissues showed that SELENBP1 expression score was a potential prognostic indicator for unfavorable prognosis of ovarian cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 2.18; 95% CI = 1.22–3.90; p = 0.009). Selenium can disrupt the androgen pathway, which has been implicated in modulating SELENBP1 expression. We investigated the effects of selenium and androgen on normal human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) cells and cancer cells. Interestingly, SELENBP1 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by androgen and elevated by selenium treatment in the normal HOSE cells, whereas reversed responses were observed in the ovarian cancer cell lines. These results suggest that changes of SELENBP1 expression in malignant ovarian cancer are an indicator of aberration of selenium/androgen pathways and may reveal prognostic information of ovarian cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multimodality image guidance with Dyna‐CT for transcatheter treatment of paravalvular leak of a stentless valve (2014)

The transcatheter treatment of paravalvular leaks (PVL) are technically challenging procedures; they pose increasing difficulty in cases where there is a stentless valve, without the usual fluoroscopic landmarks. Hence, there is limited experience in treating this defect percutaneously. We present a case of a patient with an aortic PVL of a stentless valve and how the integrated use of multi-imaging modalities (transesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography and rotational angiography) allowed the demarcation of landmarks onto live fluoroscopy and guided the transcatheter occlusion of the PVL.
Feasibility of modulated electro-hyperthermia in preoperative treatment for locally-advanced rectal cancer: Early phase 2 clinical results (2020)

Despite advances in the multimodal approach for rectal cancer, treatment-related side effects remain an important issue. From this perspective, a prospective trial was performed to investigate the feasibility of modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) as a concomitant boost to preoperative chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Seventy-six patients with cT3-4 or cT2N+ rectal cancer were enrolled consecutively. Whole pelvic radiotherapy of 40 Gy was delivered with a 2-Gy daily fraction. mEHT with 13.56 MHz frequency was boosted on a twice-weekly schedule concurrently with intravenous 5-fluorouracil or oral capecitabine. Surgical resection was planned 6-8 weeks after radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the non-inferior treatment response rate assessed by pathologic downstaging and tumor regression. The secondary endpoint was acceptable toxicity during the preoperative treatment period. Sixty patients completed the planned treatment schedule. T- and N-downstaging was demonstrated in 40 patients (66.7%) and 53 patients (88.3%), respectively. Pathologic complete response was noted in 15.0% (9 patients) and 76.7% (46 patients) for T-stage and N-stage, respectively. Total or near total tumor regression was observed in 20 patients (33.3%). Grade ≥3 toxicity occurred only in hematologic assessment; one case (1.7%) of leukopenia and one case (1.7%) of anemia. Sixteen patients (26.7%) developed thermal toxicity, which was mostly Grade 1 (15 patients, 93.8%). The relatively low dose of 40 Gy radiation showed comparable pathologic treatment outcomes and tolerable toxicity profiles with the addition of mEHT, which may potentially replace part of the radiation dose in neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer.
Effect of Nanosilica Additions on Belite Cement Pastes Held in Sulfate Solutions (2009)

This chapter examines the effect of nanosilica additions on the mechanical properties and the microstructure changes of fly ash belite cements (FABC) pastes held in sulfate solutions. The use of sulfate solutions as curing media is motivated by the need to simplify this study as much as possible. The chapter discusses an experimental procedure for synthesising FABC pastes. The most probable impact of nanosilica additions on cementit-ious matrices looks for at the level of the C-S-H gel. The effect of nanosilica additions on the compressive strengths of belite pastes maintained in sulfate solutions has been assessed at 28, 90, and 180 days.
Activity Tolerance After Periacetabular Osteotomy (2014)

The majority (71%) of active patients with hip dysplasia return to presurgical or higher activity levels after open hip preservation surgery with the periacetabular osteotomy.
The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic and Minnesota's K-12 schools: public health lessons learned. (2010)

Prior to 2009, influenza pandemic planners had primarily planned for a virus that would originate in a location other than North America, giving public health officials in the United States time to determine its severity before widespread disease occurred here. Thus, response plans for schools focused on closure in the case of a severe pandemic and potential closure in the event of a moderate one. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic, however, presented a different scenario. The severity of 2009 H1N1 was initially unknown and later was determined to be mild to moderate. Thus, as the pandemic unfolded, state and national public health entities found themselves adapting their recommendations for school closure. This article reviews Minnesota's experience with 2009 H1N1, focusing on the pandemic among school-aged children during the spring (April to August 2009) and fall (September 2009 to April 2010), and it chronicles how outbreak surveillance policies and recommendations for K-12 schools changed over the course of the pandemic.
Carbohydrate Receptor Depletion as an Antimicrobial Strategy for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (2001)

Many pathogenic microorganisms use host cell surface glycoconjugates, including glycosphingolipids (GSLs), as receptors [1, 2]. Pharmacologic agents that inhibit the biosynthesis of these receptors could therefore have a major impact on the clinical outcome of infection. N-alkylated imino sugars inhibit the first step in the GSL biosynthetic pathway [3, 4]. This step is catalyzed by a ceramide-specific glucosyltransferase, which transfers glucose to ceramide to form glucosylceramide (GlcCer), which is the precursor for all GlcCer-based neutral GSLs and gangliosides [5]. GSL biosynthesis inhibitors are potential therapeutics for the treatment of the GSL lysosomal storage diseases [6, 7]. Treatment with the glucose analogue N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NBDNJ) caused 70% peripheral GSL depletion and was well tolerated in mice over a period of several months [8]. Efficacy was demonstrated in mouse GSL storage models, and clinical trials have been completed recently in type 1 Gaucher’s disease and are currently in progress in Fabry’s disease [9–11]. The drug NB-DNJ, which has undergone extensive animal and human testing, therefore offers a potential means of evaluating GSL depletion as an antimicrobial strategy. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli attach to epithelial cells through P fimbriae, which bind to Gala1-4Galb oligosaccharide sequences (globoseries) in cell surface GSLs [1]. We have evaluated the effects of GSL depletion on bacterial adhesion, cell activation, and in vivo infection.
MedScan, a natural language processing engine for MEDLINE abstracts (2003)

We present a general biomedical domain-oriented NLP engine called MedScan that efficiently processes sentences from MEDLINE abstracts and produces a set of regularized logical structures representing the meaning of each sentence. The engine utilizes a specially developed context-free grammar and lexicon. Preliminary evaluation of the system's performance, accuracy, and coverage exhibited encouraging results. Further approaches for increasing the coverage and reducing parsing ambiguity of the engine, as well as its application for information extraction are discussed.
Oculocardiac Reflex During Intravitreal Injection. (2020)

Oculocardiac reflex (OCR) has been described to occur with mechanical manipulation of the eye, eyelids or orbit. There are no reports in the literature of OCR during intravitreal injection (IVI). This may be due to the fact that heart rate is not monitored during the procedure. We aimed to evaluate OCR during IVI. A total of 532 patients were enrolled in the study at Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico. Mexico City, Mexico. IVI was performed on one eye in every patient with diabetic retinopathy (DR), age related macular degeneration (AMD) or choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia. Heart rate was monitored with a pulse oximeter before, during and after injection. OCR was defined as a 20% decrease or more of basal heart rate. The population enrolled included 270 females and 262 males with mean age of 63.8 years. A decrease in heart rate of 20% or more occurred in 18 patients during IVI (3.3%; 95% confidence interval 1.85% and 4.92%). OCR was asymptomatic in these patients. OCR occurred in 3.3% of our patients during IVI. Hence, OCR must be considered when performing IVI.