gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endometrial Giant Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series and Review of the Spectrum of Endometrial Neoplasms Containing Giant Cells (2010)

Poorly differentiated endometrial carcinomas of specific type include the rarely reported endometrial carcinoma with a malignant giant cell component [endometrial giant cell carcinoma (GCC)]. Since the initial description in 1991, there has only been 1 subsequent case report of this entity. We report another 5 cases. The patients ranged in age from 53 to 83 years, presenting with vaginal bleeding, anemia, or a pelvic mass. Four of the 5 tumors contained areas of endometrial adenocarcinoma of usual type, with a variable giant cell component. The conventional cell types present included 1 case with clear cell carcinoma (30% of tumor volume), 2 with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma (50% and 70% of tumor volume, respectively) and 1 with serous histology (10% of tumor volume). One was composed exclusively of giant cell carcinoma. The giant cell component in all cases consisted of poorly cohesive nests of bizarre multinucleated giant cells with mononuclear tumor cells. A striking peritumoral and intratumoral inflammatory cell infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells and focal eosinophils, and neutrophils was present and emperipolesis was noted in 4 of the 5 cases. The giant cells showed focal staining for epithelial markers (AE1/AE3 and CAM 5.2). Three of the patients presented with stage 1A disease, 1 with stage 1B disease, and 1 tumor was advanced, presenting as stage IIIC2. One patient in whom the tumor was exclusively of the giant cell type, developed lung metastasis 4 years after diagnosis and 1 patient is disease free after 14 years. The remaining 3 patients showed no evidence of disease with 15 to 32 months of follow-up. As histotype supplemented by staging information is critical in selection of treatment modalities and in prognostication in uterine malignancies, accurate classification is mandated. Here, we present a series of endometrial carcinomas containing a component of GCC and discuss the spectrum of giant cell-containing uterine neoplasms. At this time, however, the cumulative data on endometrial GCC are limited and the prognostic significance of the presence and the extent of a giant cell component in endometrial carcinoma remains uncertain.
NOX2 As a Target for Drug Development: Indications, Possible Complications, and Progress (2014)

NOX2 inhibitors show particular promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, both acute and chronic. Theoretical side effects include pro-inflammatory and autoimmune complications and should be considered in any therapeutic program, but in our opinion, available data do not indicate that they are sufficiently likely to eliminate NOX2 as a drug target, particularly when weighed against the seriousness of many NOX2-related indications. Model studies demonstrating efficacy with minimal side effects are needed to encourage future development of NOX2 inhibitors as therapeutic agents.
Special issue: Rough and Fuzzy Methods for Data Mining (2011)

This special issue of International Journal of Hybrid Intelligent Systems (IJHIS) published by IOS Press contains a selection of papers presented initially at the RSFDGrC’09 Conference (Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining and Granular Computing) held in IIT Delhi, India, on December 16–20, 2009. RSFDGrC is the series of international scientific conferences spanning over last 15 years. It investigates the meeting points among the four major areas outlined in its title, with respect to foundations and applications. Five papers included in this special issue are devoted to various aspects of rough sets, fuzzy sets, data mining and granular computing, with a special emphasis on hybrid methodologies for solving theoretical problems and dealing with practical challenges of representing and mining compound data. The first paper, “Facilitating Efficient Mars Terrain Image Classification with Fuzzy-Rough Feature Selection” by Changjing Shang, Dave Barnes and Qiang Shen, presents an application study of exploiting fuzzyrough feature selection (FRFS) techniques in aid of efficient and accurate Mars terrain image classification. The employment of FRFS allows for the induction of low-dimensionality feature sets from sample descriptions of feature vectors of a much higher dimensionality. Supported with comparative studies, the work demonstrates that FRFS helps to enhance both the ef-
Texturing Ca-.ALPHA.-Sialon Via Strong Magnetic Field Alignment (2007)

This paper reports a dense textured single Ca-α-sialon fabricated by strong magnetic field alignment (SMFA) during non-aqueous slip casting of α-Si3N4, CaCO3, Al2O3 and AlN starting powders, followed by reaction pressureless sintering at 1800°C. XRD analysis reveals that the orientation of the α-Si3N4 crystals occurs with the c-axis perpendicular to the magnetic field during slip casting. It is shown that the formation of the single Ca-α-sialon is complete within 5 min and nearly complete densification is achieved within 60 min. SEM observation reveals that the textured Ca-α-sialon is featured by the long-axis (c-axis) of large elongated grains perpendicular to the magnetic field. The texturing mechanism is attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation and epitaxially elongated growth on the initially oriented α-Si3N4 seeds. The prolonged sintering leads to a higher orientation as a result of the promoted grain growth.
Optimization of Heterologous Glucoraphanin Production In Planta (2022)

Glucoraphanin is a plant specialized metabolite found in cruciferous vegetables that has long been a target for production in a heterologous host because it can subsequently be hydrolyzed to form the chemopreventive compound sulforaphane before and during consumption. However, previous studies have only been able to produce small amounts of glucoraphanin in heterologous plant and microbial systems compared to the levels found in glucoraphanin-producing plants, suggesting that there may be missing auxiliary genes that play a role in improving production <i>in planta</i>. In an effort to identify auxiliary genes required for high glucoraphanin production, we leveraged transient expression in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> to screen a combination of previously uncharacterized coexpressed genes and rationally selected genes alongside the glucoraphanin biosynthetic pathway. This strategy alleviated metabolic bottlenecks, which improved glucoraphanin production by 4.74-fold. Our optimized glucoraphanin biosynthetic pathway provides a pathway amenable for high glucoraphanin production.
Energy and Glutamate Dependency of 3-Nitropropionic Acid Neurotoxicity in Culture (1996)

3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) irreversibly inhibits the activity of the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, leading to selective striatal lesions when administered in vivo. We studied the effects of 3-NP on dissociated cultures of neurons and glia with the following findings: (a) 3-NP killed cultured striatal neurons with a median lethal dose of 2.5 mM after 20 h of incubation in 20.0 mM glucose medium. Despite its selective toxicity in vivo, cultured striatal, hippocampal, septal, and hypothalamic neurons were similarly sensitive to 3-NP incubation. (b) 3-NP's effects were remarkably energy substrate dependent, with the median lethal dose dropping over an order of magnitude when glucose concentrations were lowered to 3.0 mM, a condition that was itself nontoxic. Cultures exposed to 3-NP had a far greater sensitivity to energy availability than those exposed to glutamate. (c) Recent work suggests that 3-NP toxicity may be partially mediated by excitotoxins. Our experiments show that neither kynurenic acid, a nonspecific glutamate receptor antagonist, nor the NMDA-receptor antagonist, DL-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid, either in combination or alone, reduced 3-NP toxicity in striatal cultures. However, the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist MK-801 did attenuate 3-NP toxicity.
In vitro and in vivo anti-Candida albicans activities of butenafine hydrochloride. (1991)

新規ベンジルアミン系抗真菌剤butenafine hydrochloride (KP-363) のin vitro及びin vivo抗Candida albicans活性発現に及ぼす影響について検討し, 以下の結果を得た.1. KP-363のin vitro抗C. albicans活性は培地pHの影響を受け, pH5.0の培地で最も強い活性を示した。pH5.0に修正したサブローデキストロースプロス中でのC.albicans臨床分離株57株に対するKP-363のMIC値は3.13から50μg/mlの範囲に分布し, その幾何平均値は27μg/mlであった.2. KP-363の局所投与におけるin vivoでの抗C. albicans活性をモルモット背部皮膚感染モデルを用い検討した結果, miconazoleよりは劣るが, bifonazoleと同程度の治療効果が得られた.
Caratterizzazione di scorie di acciaieria e studio del rilascio di cromo (2010)

Fin da tempi remoti le emissioni e gli scarti dell'industria siderurgica venivano recuperati per differenti applicazioni come, ad esempio, l’utilizzo delle scorie da altoforno per la costruzione di strade. Obbiettivo di questo lavoro di ricerca è lo studio delle scorie prodotte al forno elettrico che, tuttora, pongono alcuni problemi di smaltimento e difficoltà iniziali di riutilizzo, nonostante le loro caratteristiche si prestino per gli stessi campi delle applicazioni proposte per le scorie da altoforno. Il riciclaggio delle scorie nelle costruzioni stradali è sicuramente l’utilizzo più interessante; a questo scopo le scorie devono possedere specifiche proprietà meccaniche, ambientali e di stabilità. La sperimentazione si è dedicata allo studio del rilascio di cromo nelle scorie ottenute da due diversi forni elettrici e raffreddate in diverse condizioni, in particolare si è cercato di trovare una correlazione tra i risultati di rilascio delle prove di lisciviazione, la composizione e la microstruttura delle scorie, accuratamente analizzate mediante diffrazione di raggi X e analisi SEM-EDS. Le analisi sono state effettuate su campioni inglobati in resina e preparati metallograficamente, prima e dopo l’immersione nella soluzione liscivante per 24 ore. I risultati hanno mostrato che la fase Ca2SiO4 (larnite) è l’unico costituente ad essere stato fortemente disciolto. Il suo contenuto è molto elevato nelle scorie raffreddate lentamente, le quali hanno anche prodotto il maggior rilascio di Cr.
SAMBA-Bus: A High Performance Bus Architecture for System-on-Chips (2003)

A high performance communication architecture, SAMBA-bus, is proposed in this paper. In SAMBA-bus, multiple compatible bus transactions can be performed simultaneously with only a single bus access grant from the bus arbiter. Experimental results show that, compared with a traditional bus architecture, the SAMBA-bus architecture can have up to 3.5 times improvement in the effective bandwidth, and up to 15 times reduction in the average communication latency. In addition, the performance of SAMBA-bus architecture is affected only slightly by arbitration latency, because bus transactions can be performed without waiting for the bus access grant from the arbiter. This feature is desirable in SoC designs with large numbers of modules and long communication delay between modules and the bus arbiter.
What causes the variability in the properties of energetic storm particle (ESP) events? (2018)

Energetic storm particle (ESP) events are enhancements above ∼0.05 MeV/nucleon ions near 1 AU in association with the passage of an interplanetary (IP) coronal mass ejection (ICME). The primary candidate of producing these enhancements is diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). ESPs can produce significant increases in the near-Earth particulate radiation and pose severe hazards to astronauts and hardware in space. Physical parameters thought to affect ESP production include IP shock properties (e.g., speed, strength, obliquity) and conditions upstream of the propagating shock (e.g., seed population, ambient plasma conditions). Several theoretical and observational studies tried to relate ESP production to these drivers; however, reliable prediction of ESP properties (e.g. intensities, spectra, abundances), including their event-to-event variability, has so far proven elusive. This indicates an incomplete understanding of how ICME-driven IP shocks accelerate ESPs.
Microwave‐ and Ultrasound‐Assisted Semisynthesis of Natural Methoxylated Propiophenones from Isomeric Mixture of Phenylpropenes in Minutes. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Comment on "Free Migration of Interstitials in Tungsten" (1975)

We briefly summarize the results of an extensive series of recent field-ion microscope experiments on ion-irradiated (20- and 30-keV ${\mathrm{W}}^{+}$) tungsten (with residual resistance ratios varying from 5 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{4}$ to 5), tungsten specifically doped with carbon, and tungsten-0.5-at.%- and - 3-at.%-rhenium alloys. The field-ion microscope experiments are all consistent with the long-range migration of a self-interstitial atom occuring at \ensuremath{\sim}38 This result is contrasted to the recent conclusions of Okuda and Mizubayashi.
Infiltrating stromal immune cells in inflammatory breast cancer are associated with an improved outcome and increased PD-L1 expression (2019)

IBC is characterised by poor survival and high PD-L1 immunoreactivity on sTIL. This suggests a role for PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of IBC. Furthermore, we showed that PD-L1 expression predicts response to neo-adjuvant therapy and that sTIL have prognostic significance in IBC.
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach to Efficient Drone Mobility Support (2020)

The growing deployment of drones in a myriad of applications relies on seamless and reliable wireless connectivity for safe control and operation of drones. Cellular technology is a key enabler for providing essential wireless services to flying drones in the sky. Existing cellular networks targeting terrestrial usage can support the initial deployment of low-altitude drone users, but there are challenges such as mobility support. In this paper, we propose a novel handover framework for providing efficient mobility support and reliable wireless connectivity to drones served by a terrestrial cellular network. Using tools from deep reinforcement learning, we develop a deep Q-learning algorithm to dynamically optimize handover decisions to ensure robust connectivity for drone users. Simulation results show that the proposed framework significantly reduces the number of handovers at the expense of a small loss in signal strength relative to the baseline case where a drone always connect to a base station that provides the strongest received signal strength.
Regularizing Black-box Models for Improved Interpretability (2019)

Most of the work on interpretable machine learning has focused on designing either inherently interpretable models, which typically trade-off accuracy for interpretability, or post-hoc explanation systems, whose explanation quality can be unpredictable. Our method, ExpO, is a hybridization of these approaches that regularizes a model for explanation quality at training time. Importantly, these regularizers are differentiable, model agnostic, and require no domain knowledge to define. We demonstrate that post-hoc explanations for ExpO-regularized models have better explanation quality, as measured by the common fidelity and stability metrics. We verify that improving these metrics leads to significantly more useful explanations with a user study on a realistic task.
Lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organic contaminants in water (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organic contaminants in waterJames N. Huckins, Gamini K. Manuweera, Jimmie D. Petty, Donald Mackay, and Jon A. LeboCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 12, 2489–2496Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00048a028https://doi.org/10.1021/es00048a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1569Altmetric-Citations395LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A self-seeding coreduction method for shape control of silver nanoplates (2006)

This work reports a newly developed synthesis method, i.e., a self-seeding coreduction method, for shape control of silver nanoparticles such as triangular nanoplates and circular nanodiscs. By this method, high surface-to-volume silver nanoplates (∼2.3 nm in thickness) were successfully generated. The distinct advantages of this method include no need to add external seeds, no need to use organic solvents that are environmentally unfriendly, being able to perform at room temperature, and synergetic use of a few reducing agents for better growth control of two-dimensional nanostructures. In particular, molecular dynamics simulation is used to quantify the interaction energies between surfactant molecules and different facets of silver crystal. Such molecular information, together with measurements using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, has proven to be useful in understanding the growth mechanisms of silver nanoplates.
ChemInform Abstract: Bimetallic Organotransition‐Metal Tautomers of a Chiral Enolate. Preparation of ((η5‐C5H5)Fe(CO)(PPh3)C(CH2)O(Cl)Zr(η5‐C5H5)2) and ((η5‐C5H5)Fe(CO)(PPh3)C(O)CH2Au(PPh3)). X‐Ray Crystal Structure of ((η5‐C5H5)Fe(CO)(PPh3)C(CH2)O(Cl)Zr(η5‐C5H5)2). (1987)

Abstract The chiral organometallic enolate (I), which can be alkylated at carbon by a variety of organic substrates, can be trapped in either the enol form (III) by using an oxophylic metal fragment (II) or in the keto form (V) by using a carbophylic metal fragment (IV).
Reactive Nanolaminates with Tailored Yield (2014)

Abstract : During the final program year, the NCSU team completed a surface science study exploring the virgin interfaces in reactive nanolaminates, completed a calorimetry study of three different thermite families, and initiated a Kirkendall-type experiment in Zr-CuO layered structure. Collectively, this learning completed the overarching program objective of predicting and tailoring the performance of nanolaminates using the material properties of the termial oxide phase. In addition, the team developed a modeling approach that can predict time dependent temperature profiles of electrically ignited thermite multilayers, and can predict/recreate differential scanning calorimetry experiments.
Color image compression using inter-color correlation (2003)

Natural images are characterized by high correlation between their RGB color components. Most representation and compression techniques reduce the redundancies between color components by transforming the color primaries into a decorrelated color space, such as YIQ or YUV. In this paper a different approach to color information analysis is considered. Since the high correlation of color channels implicitly suggests a localized functional relation between the components, it could be used in an alternative framework by approximating subordinate colors as functions of a base color. This way, only a reduced number of parameters is required for coding the color information. Compression results are presented and compared with JPEG, and the parameters that affect the coding quality are studied and discussed. The results show the advantages of the new correlation-based approach over the YIQ/YUV decorrelation techniques as used in JPEG and related applications.
Korrelation (2010)

Eine wichtige Aufgabe der Datenanalyse ist die Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen einzelnen Merkmalen. Die Stärke dieses Zusammenhangs wird Korrelation genannt. Die Korrelationsanalyse hilft, Zusammenhänge zu erklären und zielgerichtet bestimmte Effekte zu erzielen. Beispiel: In einer Produktionsanlage soll ein Produkt mit einer bestimmten Qualität hergestellt werden; es wird untersucht, welche Produktionsdaten am stärksten mit der Zielgröße Produktqualität korrelieren; diejenigen Parameter mit der höchsten Korrelation werden dann gezielt beeinflusst, um die optimale Produktqualität zu erzielen.
Architecting Cellularized Space Systems using Model-Based Design Exploration (2013)

Nomenclature α = function of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) β = complexity of each connection between pairs of components γ = 1/n Πi = expected profit for missions of type i A = Design Structural Matrix C = assembly, integration, and test cost C = development cost of each satlet variant C = non-recurring development costs C = aggregate system level PMSE estimate Ci R = recurring costs (manufacturing costs, operations costs, and launch costs) C1 = complexity due to number and flight readiness of components C2 = complexity due to pair-wise component interactions
Induction of protective immunity toBrugia pahangiin jirds by drug-abbreviated infection (1992)

Protective immunity of homologous challenge infection was examined in jirds after drug-abbreviated infection with Brugia pahangi. Mebendazole (MBZ) treatment at the early prepatent (5-7 weeks of post infection) or the late prepatent (7-9 weeks of post infection) period was highly effective in causing almost complete eradication of the primary infection. After challenge infection, the worm burden was significantly reduced 19% (31.1 in average) and 77% (9.5) to that of the controls (38.8 and 41.7), respectively. The magnitude of eosinophil response paralleled the degree of protection. No or only a few microfilariae were seen after challenge infection in jirds treated during the prepatent periods. They were also resistant to intravenous challenge with the microfilariae of B. pahangi. MBZ treatment at the patent period was, on the contrary, incomplete against primarily infected adult worms, and was not able to induce either significant protection (30.1 vs 33.1 in control) or eosinophil response to the challenge infection.
Human Mpp11 J Protein: Ribosome-Tethered Molecular Chaperones Are Ubiquitous (2005)

The existence of specialized molecular chaperones that interact directly with ribosomes is well established in microorganisms. Such proteins bind polypeptides exiting the ribosomal tunnel and provide a physical link between translation and protein folding. We report that ribosome-associated molecular chaperones have been maintained throughout eukaryotic evolution, as illustrated by Mpp11, the human ortholog of the yeast ribosome-associated J protein Zuo. When expressed in yeast, Mpp11 partially substituted for Zuo by partnering with the multipurpose Hsp70 Ssa, the homolog of mammalian Hsc70. We propose that in metazoans, ribosome-associated Mpp11 recruits the multifunctional soluble Hsc70 to nascent polypeptide chains as they exit the ribosome.
First-Year Student Persistence and Retention Influenced by Early Exposure to Engineering Practitioners Co-Teaching Entry-Level Courses: A Four-Year Indirect Assessment (2020)

. At MIT he invented a new nano-enabled garment to provide simultaneous ballistic