gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombolytic Properties Of Purified Human Tissue Plasminogen Activator In A Dog Femoral Vein Thrombosis Model (1981)

Experimental thrombosis was produced in an isolated 4 cm section of the femoral vein in the groin region of beagle dogs using a mixture of 125I-labeled human fibrinogen (6 × 106 cpm), dog blood, thromboplastin and thrombin. Saline, 1,000,000 IU of urokinase or 100,000 Units (1 mg) of highly purified tissue plasminogen activator (isolated from the culture fluid of human melanoma cells) was infused intravenously over four hours. The extent of thrombolysis was calculated from the difference between the radioactivity introduced in the clot and that in the recovered clot six hours after the start of the infusion. In four control animals thrombolysis was 31.0 ± 3.0% (mean ± S.D.). Infusion of urokinase in 3 dogs resulted in 42.7 ± 14.3% lysis. In 5 dogs receiving plasminogen activator thrombolysis was 65.6 ± 21.6%. During infusion the blood radioactivity rose significantly (from 2.5 to 6.6% of the total) in the tissue plasminogen activator group; only a slight rise was observed in the urokinase group and a progressive decline in the control group. Neither in the controls nor in the tissue plasminogen activator treated animals significant activation of plasminogen, consumption of α-antiplasmin or fibrinogen breakdown occurred and no major bleeding was noted. Infusion of urokinase, however, resulted in systemic activation of the fibrinolytic system with extensive fibrinogen breakdown causing a significant bleeding tendency. It is concluded that in the experimental model used human tissue plasminogen activator has higher specific thrombolytic and a lower systemic fibrinogenolytic effect than urokinase.
Interaction of cutaneous lymphoma cells with reactive T cells and dendritic cells: implications for dendritic cell-based immunotherapy (2003)

Background Cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of skin neoplasms that originate from T lymphocytes. An anti‐CTCL T‐cell immunity has been described but seems to be inefficient to clear CTCL cells. It is not known whether cutaneous dendritic cells (DCs) perpetuate the proliferation of the malignant CTCL cell clone or play a role in the control of this usually slowly progressing disease. Objectives To characterize CTCL cell properties in the control of anti‐CTCL T cells and to pave the way for a DC‐based immunotherapy for CTCL. Methods We studied the interaction of a CTCL cell line with DCs and with allogeneic T cells. Results We found an antigen non‐specific capacity of viable but not apoptotic CTCL cells to hamper CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner, indicating a suppressive potential of CTCL cells. Both viable and apoptotic CTCL cells were phagocytosed by immature DCs but only apoptotic CTCL cells induced an upregulation of DC maturation markers to a degree which enabled classification of these DCs as semimature. CTCL cells did not respond with proliferation when encountering allogeneic, mature DCs either loaded with CTCL cell material or unloaded, indicating a role for DCs in the induction of anti‐CTCL T‐cell immunity rather than in perturbation of clonal proliferation. For the loading of DCs with CTCL material lysate seems to be optimal as apoptotic cells were not phagocytosed extensively and necrotic CTCL material induced a partial cellular toxicity in DCs. DCs loaded with CTCL material were cryopreservable without significant loss of DC viability, surface marker expression or allostimulatory activity. Conclusions Together, these data argue in favour for a DC‐based immunotherapy for CTCL patients and provide an experimental protocol for preparing CTCL cell‐loaded DCs.
White Paper - Comparison of LEU and HEU Fuel for the Kilopower Reactor (2018)

This white paper presents a comparison of Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) versus Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) as fuel for the Kilopower space reactor. It draws upon a previously published white paper 1 by the LANL authors, which was written in order to explore synergistic programmatic objectives with the current NASA Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) program. In that white paper no recommendations or conclusions were drawn on the appropriate cho ice of fuel for Kilopower. However, recent news articles, congressional remarks and conference papers have suggested the use of HEU for Kilopower may need to be reconsidered. This white paper explores in more detail the pros and cons of both fuel choices and presents a conclusion on why the use of HEU is the preferred choice as fuel for Kilopower.
Initiation of shear instability in three‐dimensional elastodynamics (2002)

Earthquake nucleation may begin with a stable quasi‐static localization of fault slip. This long‐term process, which conditions the fault for the rupture, is followed by a dynamic and unstable phase that we call initiation and ends with the onset of rupture propagation. In this paper, we investigate the three‐dimensional elastodynamics of this unstable initiation phase both analytically and numerically. The fault model consists of two symmetric semi‐infinite elastic bodies in frictional contact across a flat interface with a slip‐weakening law and loaded until its sliding threshold is reached. On the basis of our previous studies in two dimensions, we generalize the linear stability and the spectral analysis and then solve analytically the "dominant part" approximation for the homogeneous infinite fault. We then derive the slip pattern on the fault, the decay of the displacement amplitude in the media, and its growth in time. The model also gives a theoretical approximation for the time of initiation. To test the dominant part approximation, we compare it with the numerical solution in the case of a concentrated perturbation. Finally, we find that unlike the infinite fault, finite faults of a given geometry allow a domain of stability that depends on the fault size. When a finite fault becomes unstable and rupture initiates, the slip growth is determined by a single dominant eigenmode. The duration of the initiation phase varies strongly with the size and geometry of the fault, especially when it is close to the stability limit.
Molecular cloning of a cDNA coding for human leukotriene A4 hydrolase. Complete primary structure of an enzyme involved in eicosanoid synthesis. (1987)

We have isolated a near full-length cDNA encoding human leukotriene A4 hydrolase, which synthesizes a potent chemotactic and spasmogenic compound, leukotriene B4. A human spleen cDNA library was screened with a 48-mer oligonucleotide probe, synthesized according to the partial amino acid sequence of the human leukocyte enzyme. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA had an open reading frame of 1,833 base pairs, which contained regions coding for the N-terminal amino acid sequence, the amino acid sequence for the probe design, and several other peptide sequences of the enzyme. The complete primary structure of the enzyme composed of 610 amino acid residues (molecular weight, 69,153) was deduced from the cDNA.
Knowledge Discovery Method in Training Planning System Based on Rough Set (2010)

In using the intelligent training planning system,the historical data in the system database will be increased day by day.Whether people can make use of these valuable data and discover some implicit knowledge of training methods,to better assist the user to complete the training plan,which has become a concern.Based on rough-set theory,how to process the historical data is explained,and a knowledge discovery method for the historical data is presented.Finally,it gives a example to illustrate the knowledge discovered by this method has great practical significance.
Investigation of viral etiology in potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinomas in non-smoking, non-drinking patients (2020)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are the seventh most frequent cancers. Among HNSCCs, oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) include several anatomical locations of the oral cavity, but exclude the oropharynx. The known risk factors for OSCCs are mainly alcohol consumption and tobacco use for at least 75-80% of cases. In addition to these risk factors, Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, classified as high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes, are considered as risk factors for oropharyngeal cancers, but their role in the development of OSCC remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis of viral etiology in a series of 68 well-characterized OSCCs and 14 potentially malignant disorders (PMD) in non-smoking, non-drinking (NSND) patients using broad-range, sensitive molecular methodologies. Deep-sequencing of the transcriptome did not reveal any vertebrate virus sequences other than HPV transcripts, detected in only one case. In contrast, HPV DNA was detected in 41.2% (28/68) and 35.7% (5/14) of OSCC and PMD cases, respectively. Importantly, 90.9% (30/33) of these belonged to the Betapapillomavirus genus, but no viral transcripts were detected. Finally, high-throughput sequencing revealed reads corresponding to transcripts of the Trichomonas vaginalis virus (TVV), which were confirmed by RT-PCR in two OSCCs. Our results strongly suggest that Alphapapillomavirus genotypes classified as HR are not involved in the development of OSCCs in NSND patients and that known oncogenic infectious agents are absent in these specific OSCCs. Any possible direct or indirect role of Betapapillomavirus genus members and TVV in OSCCs remains speculative and requires further investigation.
Gram Scale Synthesis of Benzophenanthroline and Its Blue Phosphorescent Platinum Complex (2016)

The design, synthesis, and characterization of 12-phenylbenzo[f][1,7]phenanthroline, Bzp, is reported. Its use as a fluorine-free ligand for sky blue phosphorescence is demonstrated in a cyclometalated platinum complex, BzpPtDpm. BzpPtDpm phosphoresces at the same wavelength as its analogous 4,6-difluorophenylpyridine complex at both room temperature (466 nm) and 77 K (458 nm). Finally, production of a conformationally restricted derivative of BzpPtDpm with greatly increased quantum yield (46%) validates the versatility of the synthetic route.
Transition metal atom heat processing for writing of crystal lines in glass (2006)

A technique for the writing of crystal line in glass has been developed, in which a continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser (wavelength: λ=1064nm) is irradiated to the glasses containing transition metal (TM) ions such as Fe2+, Ni2+, and V4+. Laser energies are absorbed through d-d transitions of TM ions and dissipated to the lattice surrounding TM ions by nonradiative relaxation process, giving the increase in temperature in the laser irradiated region and inducing crystallization. This technique has been demonstrated for the writing of crystal lines consisting of nonlinear optical fresnoite-type Ba2TiGe2O8 and Ba2TiSi2O8 crystals in NiO-, Fe2O3-, and V2O5-doped (0.3–1mol%) BaO–TiO2–GeO2 and BaO–TiO2–SiO2 glasses. It is confirmed that crystals in the crystal lines are highly oriented along the laser scanning direction. The technique developed in this study is proposed to be called “transition metal atom heat processing.”
Protein Fibrillar Hydrogels for three-Dimensional Tissue Engineering (2009)

Protein self-assembly into highly ordered fibrillar aggregates has attracted increasing attention over recent years, due primarily to its association with disease states such as Alzheimer's. More recently, however, research has focused on understanding the generic behavior of protein self-assembly where fibrillation is typically induced under harsh conditions of low pH and/or high temperature. Moreover the inherent properties of these fibrils, including their nanoscale dimension, environmental responsiveness, and biological compatibility, are attracting substantial interest for exploiting these fibrils for the creation of new materials. Here we will show how protein fibrils can be formed under physiological conditions and their subsequent gelation driven using the ionic strength of cell culture media while simultaneously incorporating cells homogeneously throughout the gel network. The fibrillar and elastic nature of the gel have been confirmed using cryo-transmission electron microscopy and oscillatory rheology, respectively; while cell culture work shows that our hydrogels promote cell spreading, attachment, and proliferation in three dimensions.
Multilevel LDPC Codes Design for Multimedia Communication CDMA System (2004)

We design multilevel coding (MLC) with a semi-bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) scheme based on low density parity check (LDPC) codes. Different from the traditional designs, we joined the MLC and BICM together by using the Gray mapping, which is suitable to transmit the data over several equivalent channels with different code rates. To perform well at signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to be very close to the capacity of the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, random regular LDPC code and a simple semialgebra LDPC (SA-LDPC) code are discussed in MLC with parallel independent decoding (PID). The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme could achieve both power and bandwidth efficiency.
Survival among patients with 10 or more brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (2013)

Patients with ≥ 10 brain metastases who received prior CNS radiation can safely undergo repeat treatment with GK-SRS. With median survival exceeding 6 months, aggressive local treatment remains an option; however, rapid CNS failure is to be expected. Although numbers are limited, patients with breast cancer represent one group of individuals who would benefit most, with prolonged survival and extended time to CNS recurrence.
Tuning the interfacial spin-orbit coupling with ferroelectricity (2020)

Detection and manipulation of spin current lie in the core of spintronics. Here we report an active control of a net spin Hall angle, θ<sub>SHE</sub>(net), in Pt at an interface with a ferroelectric material PZT (PbZr<sub>0.2</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), using its ferroelectric polarization. The spin Hall angle in the ultra-thin Pt layer is measured using the inverse spin Hall effect with a pulsed tunneling current from a ferromagnetic La<sub>0.67</sub>Sr<sub>0.33</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> electrode. The effect of the ferroelectric polarization on θ<sub>SHE</sub>(net) is enhanced when the thickness of the Pt layer is reduced. When the Pt layer is thinner than 6 nm, switching the ferroelectric polarization even changes the sign of θ<sub>SHE</sub>(net). This is attributed to the reversed polarity of the spin Hall angle in the 1<sup>st</sup>-layer Pt at the PZT/Pt interface when the ferroelectric polarization is inverted, as supported by the first-principles calculations. These findings suggest a route for designing future energy efficient spin-orbitronic devices using ferroelectric control.
Information theory, complexity and neural networks (1989)

Some of the main results in the mathematical evaluation of neural networks as information processing systems are discussed. The basic operation of feedback and feed-forward neural networks is described. Their memory capacity and computing power are considered. The concept of learning by example as it applies to neural networks is examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation of the lumbar and sacral spinal cord: a modelling study (2018)

Computational modelling studies can provide detailed information regarding the electric field in the spinal cord during tsDCS. They are important to guide the design of clinical tsDCS protocols that optimize stimulation of application-specific spinal targets.
Shared Data Analysis for Multi-Tasking Real-Time System Testing (2007)

Memory corruption due to program faults is one of the most common failures in computer software. For software running in a sequential manner and for multi-tasking software with synchronized data accesses, it has been shown that program faults causing memory corruption can be detected by analyzing the relations between defines and uses of variables (DU coverage-based testing). However, using such methods in testing for memory corruption where globally shared data is accessed through asynchronous events will not be sufficient since they lack the possibility to analyse the cases where preemption of tasks may lead to interleaving failures. In this paper, we propose the use of a system level shared variable DU analysis of multi-tasking realtime software. By analyzing the temporal attributes of each access to globally shared data, our method handles asynchronous data accesses. When used in system-level testing, the result from the analysis can discover failures such as ordering, synchronization and interleaving failures. The result can also serve a as measure for coverage and complexity in data dependency at system level.
Formation and Cleavage of PO Bonds (1995)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Phosphorylation Cleavage of P–O bonds Potential technical applications References
ORCA: a high performance, easy to use SRAM based architecture (2002)

The Optimized Reconfigurable Cell Array (ORCA) is a new SRAM based FPGA architecture that makes FPGA's attractive in applications that previously were reserved for gate arrays. The ORCA has an architecture that assures dense layout of all major types of functionality needed including data path, random logic, and SRAM. High density data paths are obtained through a completely nibble oriented structure for both routing and functionality. Good random logic packing results from a novel approach to interconnect that simplifies software and reduces transistor count, coupled with a powerful and flexible functional unit. User access to all SRAM bits associated with Look Up Tables (LUT's) gives good SRAM density. High speed is assured with high speed arithmetic circuits, low resistance interconnect lines, and special low skew clock lines. To insure efficient use of resources, unneeded clock lines can be used to route critical signals instead.
Peroxisome Proliferator‐activated Receptor Gamma Activation Induces Cell Cycle Arrest via the p53‐independent Pathway in Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells (2002)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies. Outcomes of intensive multimodal therapy have been far from satisfactory. Furthermore, p53 gene dysfunction, often found in this type of cancer, is known to impair the efficacy of the therapeutic agents. Specific ligands for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) induce growth suppression in some tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the role of PPAR-gamma in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines (OCUT-1, ACT-1). PPAR-gamma was expressed and functional in both cell lines. Activation of PPAR-gamma with its specific ligands, troglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2, inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner through inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. P53 protein expression differed in OCUT-1 and in ACT-1, though the levels stayed constant irrespective of ligand exposure in both cell lines. In contrast, p21 and p27 proteins were induced in a dose-dependent manner in both situations. This study showed that PPAR-gamma ligands were able to induce growth suppression in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells via a p53-independent, but p21- and p27-dependent cytostatic pathway. These tumor-suppressive effects of PPAR-gamma may provide a novel approach to the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer.
N‐Substituted Hydroxyureas as Urease Inhibitors. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
IL-1 Plays an Important Role in Lipid Metabolism by Regulating Insulin Levels under Physiological Conditions (2003)

IL-1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays important roles in inflammation. However, the role of this cytokine under physiological conditions is not known completely. In this paper, we analyzed the role of IL-1 in maintaining body weight because IL-1 receptor antagonist-deficient (IL-1Ra-/-) mice, in which excess IL-1 signaling may be induced, show a lean phenotype. Body fat accumulation was impaired in IL-1Ra-/- mice, but feeding behavior, expression of hypothalamic factors involved in feeding control, energy expenditure, and heat production were normal. When IL-1Ra-/- mice were treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG), which causes obesity in wild-type mice by ablating cells in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, they were resistant to obesity, indicating that excess IL-1 signaling antagonizes the effect of MSG-sensitive neuron deficiency. IL-1Ra-/- mice showed decreased weight gain when they were fed the same amount of food as wild-type mice, and lipid accumulation remained impaired even when they were fed a high-fat diet. Interestingly, serum insulin levels and lipase activity were low in IL-1Ra-/- mice, and the insulin levels were low in contrast to wild-type mice after MSG treatment. These observations suggest that IL-1 plays an important role in lipid metabolism by regulating insulin levels and lipase activity under physiological conditions.
Dietary Flavonoids in p53—Mediated Immune Dysfunctions Linking to Cancer Prevention (2020)

The p53 protein plays a central role in mediating immune functioning and determines the fate of the cells. Its role as a tumor suppressor, and in transcriptional regulation and cytokine activity under stress conditions, is well defined. The wild type (WT) p53 functions as a guardian for the genome, while the mutant p53 has oncogenic roles. One of the ways that p53 combats carcinogenesis is by reducing inflammation. WT p53 functions as an anti-inflammatory molecule via cross-talk activity with multiple immunological pathways, such as the major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI) associated pathway, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and immune checkpoints. Due to the multifarious roles of p53 in cancer, it is a potent target for cancer immunotherapy. Plant flavonoids have been gaining recognition over the last two decades to use as a potential therapeutic regimen in ameliorating diseases. Recent studies have shown the ability of flavonoids to suppress chronic inflammation, specifically by modulating p53 responses. Further, the anti-oxidant Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway could play a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress, leading to a reduction of chronic inflammation linked to the prevention of cancer. This review aims to discuss the pharmacological properties of plant flavonoids in response to various oxidative stresses and immune dysfunctions and analyzes the cross-talk between flavonoid-rich dietary intake for potential disease prevention.