gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 848: Growth-differentiation Factor-15 Promotes Anti-inflammatory Effects And Enhances Survival After Experimental Myocardial Infarction (2007)

Growth-differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is a stress-responsive TGF-ß related cytokine. GDF-15 plasma levels are increased and provide independent prognostic information in patients with acute coronary syndrome. After coronary ligation in mice, GDF-15 protein expression is rapidly induced and remains elevated within the infarcted myocardium for at least 7 days. We therefore postulated that GDF-15 is involved in wound healing post MI. The left descending coronary artery was ligated in male GDF-15 knock-out (KO, n=36), heterozygous (+/-, n=72) and wild-type mice (WT, n=26). Six-week mortality was significantly enhanced in KO (81%) and +/- (67%), as compared to WT mice (35%, P=0.004 by log-rank test). Four days after MI, no differences in infarct size (H.E. staining), cardiac dimensions, wall thickness, and systolic function (echocardiography) were observed (n=8 –12 per group). However, cardiac rupture was more frequent in KO (31%) as compared to WT mice (4%, P&lt;0.01). Immunohistochemistry on day 4 demonstrated significantly elevated numbers of granulocytes (KO, 514±61/mm 2 vs. WT, 181±22/mm 2 ; P=0.003) and macrophages (KO, 176±19/mm 2 vs. WT, 89±11/mm 2 ; P=0.002) within the infarct border zone of KO mice (n=8–12 per group). This was paralleled by an increase in MMP-9 activity (in-gel zymography) within the infarct border zone (KO, 246±33% vs. WT, 100±14%; n=8–10; P=0.004); no differences in TIMP1 expression were noted between both genotypes. In vitro, pre-stimulation with GDF-15 dose-dependently inhibited the migration of human granulocytes towards the chemoattractant fMLP (10 −8 mol/L) in transwell migration chambers (3 μm pore size), control 100%; GDF-15 0.5ng/mL 78±5%, 5ng/mL 47±10%, 50ng/mL 34±10% (P&lt;0.001). Our data identify GDF-15 as an endogenous anti-inflammatory cytokine that inhibits leukocyte infiltration, and promotes wound healing and survival after myocardial infarction.
The interaction of plasma filaments in DBDS with wounded skin (2010)

Summary form only given. Atmospheric pressure air plasmas in direct contact with living tissue has been shown to have therapeutic effects in speeding the recovery of ulcerated skin and wounds. When dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are used for wound healing, the plasma device typically contains the powered electrode while the tissue is the counter electrode. The mechanism for wound healing is likely the production of beneficial radicals but may also involve large electric fields applied to or produced in the tissue, and fluxes of energetic species (VUV, ions) onto the tissue.In this talk, the interaction of DBD plasma filaments in air with wounded skin tissue will be discussed with results from a 2-d plasma hydrodynamics model. The computational domain includes both the air and the human tissue. In the gas phase, Poisson's equation, transport equations for charged and neutral species and radiation transport are addressed. In the tissue, the electric potential and charge transport are solved for. The cellular structure of the skin in the first few mm of the tissue is incorporated into the computational mesh with local permittivities and conductivities to represent the electrical properties of the intraand inter-cell structures. The wounded skin was represented by cuts into the cellular structure which are then filled with a fluid representing blood-serum. Results will be discussed for the properties of the plasma filaments and their interaction with the wounded skin. The production of radicals in the vicinity of and inside the wound, and the production of electric fields on and inside the wounded tissue will be discussed. The diffusion of plasma produced radicals and ions into the wound-filling fluid will be described.
Convex feasible set algorithm for constrained trajectory smoothing (2017)

Trajectory smoothing is an important step in robot motion planning, where optimization methods are usually employed. However, the optimization problem for trajectory smoothing in a clustered environment is highly non-convex, and is hard to solve in real time using conventional non-convex optimization solvers. This paper discusses a fast online optimization algorithm for trajectory smoothing, which transforms the original non-convex problem to a convex problem so that it can be solved efficiently online. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated in various cases, and is compared to that of conventional sequential quadratic programming (SQP). It is shown that the computation time is greatly reduced using the proposed algorithm.
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is involved in Tomato yellow leaf curl virus transport across the midgut barrier of its whitefly vector (2017)

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a begomovirus transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The circulative translocation of the virus in the insect is known in its broad line. However, transit of TYLCV from the digestive tract into the haemolymph is poorly understood. We studied the involvement of clathrin in this process by disrupting the clathrin-mediated endocytosis and the endosome network using inhibitor feeding, antibody blocking and dsRNA silencing. We monitored the quantities of TYLCV in the whitefly and virus transmission efficiency. Following endocytosis and endosome network disruption, the quantity of virus was higher in the midgut relative to that of the whole insect body, and the quantity of virus in the haemolymph was reduced. The transmission efficiency of TYLCV by the treated insects was also reduced. These findings indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis and endosomes play an important role in the transport of TYLCV across the whitefly midgut.
Children's Safety Initiative: A National Assessment of Pediatric Educational Needs among Emergency Medical Services Providers (2014)

This is the first large-scale Delphi survey related to pediatric prehospital education. Our results provide foundational information related to the educational needs of prehospital providers. Medical directors and educators can use the results to shape future curricular development.
RELATIONSHIP OF STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION IN BACTERIAL O ANTIGENS (1964)

Johnson, Arthur G. (The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor), and Alois Nowotny. Relationship of structure to function in bacterial O antigens. III. Biological properties of endotoxoids. J. Bacteriol. 87:809-814. 1964.-Endotoxin (somatic O antigen) was rendered much less lethal for mice and rabbits after treatment with boron trifluoride, potassium methylate, or pyridinium formate. In addition, the ability to induce the second fever peak of the biphasic febrile response characteristic of endotoxin was abolished. The capacity to prepare for the local Shwartzman reaction was also reduced after such treatments. On the other hand, stimulation of nonspecific resistance, and adjuvant action in mice was retained. The ability to elicit specific antibody was diminished after boron trifluoride treatment but only slightly retarded by the other two procedures.
Transcorneal but not transpalpebral electrical stimulation disrupts mucin homeostasis of the ocular surface (2022)

TcES, but not TpES, induces corneal epithelial damage in mice by disrupting mucin homeostasis. TpES thus may represent a safer and more effective ES approach for treating retinal neurodegeneration clinically.
Wettability and water uptake of holm oak leaf surfaces (2014)

Plant trichomes play important protective functions and may have a major influence on leaf surface wettability. With the aim of gaining insight into trichome structure, composition and function in relation to water-plant surface interactions, we analyzed the adaxial and abaxial leaf surface of Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) as model. By measuring the leaf water potential 24 h after the deposition of water drops on to abaxial and adaxial surfaces, evidence for water penetration through the upper leaf side was gained in young and mature leaves. The structure and chemical composition of the abaxial (always present) and adaxial (occurring only in young leaves) trichomes were analyzed by various microscopic and analytical procedures. The adaxial surfaces were wettable and had a high degree of water drop adhesion in contrast to the highly unwettable and water repellent abaxial holm oak leaf sides. The surface free energy, polarity and solubility parameter decreased with leaf age, with generally higher values determined for the abaxial sides. All holm oak leaf trichomes were covered with a cuticle. The abaxial trichomes were composed of 8% soluble waxes, 49% cutin, and 43% polysaccharides. For the adaxial side, it is concluded that trichomes and the scars after trichome shedding contribute to water uptake, while the abaxial leaf side is highly hydrophobic due to its high degree of pubescence and different trichome structure, composition and density. Results are interpreted in terms of water-plant surface interactions, plant surface physical-chemistry, and plant ecophysiology
Nitroxyl radical-containing flexible porous coordination polymer for controllable size-aelective aerobic oxidation of alcohols (2022)

The ability of flexible porous coordination polymers (PCPs) to change their structure in response to various stimuli has not been exploited in the design of tunable-selectivity catalysts. Herein, we make use of this ability and prepare nitroxyl radical-containing flexible PCP that can reversibly switch between large- and contracted-pore configurations in response to solvent change and thus promote the controllable size-selective aerobic oxidation of alcohols.
Phosphorylation of the sarcoplasmic calcium-activated adenosine triphosphatase as studied by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (1987)

A reinvestigation of a study of Fossel et al. [Fossel, E. T., Post, R. L., O'Hara, D.S., & Smith, T. W. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 7215-7219] in which the 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal of the phosphointermediate of the sarcoplasmic (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase has been identified shows that the signal they describe most probably originates from free Mg . ATP but not from the phosphoenzyme itself. It was possible to detect the 31P NMR signal of the phosphoenzyme in peptic fragments of sarcoplasmic ATPase phosphorylated either by ATP or by inorganic phosphate. The two products exhibit the same spectral characteristics in 31P NMR, implying that most probably both reaction pathways yield the same chemical product. Chemical shifts at low pH (-6.5 ppm) and high pH (-1.4 ppm) of the phosphoryl group are indicative of a beta-phosphoaspartyl moiety, thus confirming independently the results from chemical analysis. The relatively low pK value of 4.3 of the phosphoryl group suggests an interaction with a positively charged group of the enzyme.
Proactive Security Analysis of Changes in Virtualized Infrastructures (2015)

The pervasiveness of cloud computing can be attributed to its scale and elasticity. However, the operational complexity of the underlying cloud infrastructure is high, due to its dynamics, multi-tenancy, and size. Misconfigurations and insider attacks carry significant operational and security risks, such as breaches in tenant isolation put both the infrastructure provider and the consumers at risk.
Struktur und Regulation des murinen Mash2-Gens (2003)

Zielstellung: Transkriptionsfaktoren der „basic helix-loop-helix“-Familie wie Mash2 sind essentiell für eine adäquate Differenzierung des Trophoblasten. Das genetische Ausschalten des Mash2-Gens führt bei der Maus zu intrauteriner Wachstumsretardierung bzw. intrauterinem Fruchttod in Folge einer schweren Plazentainsuffizienz. Während die Struktur des humanen Mash2-Gens (Hash2) detailliert untersucht wurde, fehlen diese Untersuchungen für das Tiermodell (Maus). Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Struktur des murinen Mash2-Gens zu analysieren sowie die Expression des Mash2-Gens in einem Spektrum verschiedener Organen zu screenen und die plazentare Mash2-Expression in verschiedenen Gestationszeiträumen zu messen.
Gas-turbine critical research and advanced technology support project (1979)

The technical progress made during the first 15 months of a planned 40-month project to provide a critical-technology data base for utility gas-turbine systems capable of burning coal-derived fuels is summarized. Tasks were included in the following areas: (1) combustion, to study the combustion of coal-derived fuels and conversion of fuel-bound nitrogen to NOx; (2) materials, to understand and prevent hot corrosion; and (3) system studies, to integrate and guide the other technologies. Significant progress was made.
Multistring Five-Level Inverter With Novel PWM Control Scheme for PV Application (2009)

This paper presents a single-phase multistring five-level photovoltaic (PV) inverter topology for grid-connected PV systems with a novel pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) control scheme. Three PV strings are cascaded together in parallel configuration and connected to a five-level inverter to produce output voltage in five levels: zero, +1/2 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> , <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> , -1/2 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> , and - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> . Two reference signals that were identical to each other with an offset that was equivalent to the amplitude of the triangular carrier signal were used to generate PWM signals for the switches. DSP TMS320F2812 is used to implement this PWM switching scheme together with a digital proportional-integral current control algorithm. The inverter offers much less total harmonic distortion and can operate at near-unity power factor. The validity of the proposed inverter is verified through simulation and implemented in a prototype. The experimental results are compared with a conventional single-phase multistring three-level grid-connected PWM inverter.
Modestly Overweight Women Have Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction (2009)

Modestly elevated BMI, smoking, and age predict endothelial dysfunction in women, even in the presence of treatment for other atherosclerotic risk factors. These findings demonstrate the importance of modest elevation in BMI as a risk factor for impaired vascular health in women, and underscore the need for focusing further attention on lifestyle modification as a component of cardiovascular disease prevention.
Developing a Nuclear Detection Architecture Series: Volume 4. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Text classification with enhanced semi-supervised fuzzy clustering (2003)

Given the increasing volume of information available on the Web, it is important to meaningfully organize online documents. Hence, the design of efficient and accurate text classification systems is of interest. In this paper, we explore a framework, in which we improve the performance of a base classifier, by clustering unlabeled data with labeled data using probabilistic and fuzzy approaches. We have used expectation maximization and semi-supervised fuzzy c-means for clustering the unlabeled data with labeled data. The naive Bayes classifier was the base classifier utilizing both the original labeled data and then additional data labeled through clustering. Utilizing unlabeled data from semi-supervised fuzzy clustering results in an improved classifier.
Successful Conservative Management of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia in Pregnancy (2007)

This case demonstrates that in carefully selected cases, women with HHT who are managed conservatively may have good pregnancy outcomes. A diagnosis of HHT alone is not reason to advise women against pregnancy, nor should these women routinely be advised to undergo pregnancy termination.
STATIC ELECTRIFICATION PHENOMENA OF INSULATING MATERIALS FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS (1994)

International audience
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Tetraphenylenes: Consecutive Inter‐ and Intramolecular Cycloadditions of Two Triynes (2009)

Triynes having a phenylene-bridged 1,5-diyne moiety were transformed into substituted tetraphenylenes by the title sequence. A cationic Rh–ligand species catalyzed this highly enantioselective reaction. This protocol is a new and easy approach to the construction of the tetraphenylene skeleton and enables an efficient asymmetric synthesis (see scheme; R=H; Z=NTs, C(CO2Me)2, O).
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in the Emergency Department: Case Series and Literature Review (2015)

PRES is likely much more common than previously thought and is a diagnosis that should be considered in a wide variety of emergency department patient presentations.
Influence of polymorphisms in the NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 genes on the clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection (2006)

Host immune response influences the clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection leading to ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. A genetic risk profile for gastric cancer has been identified, but genetic susceptibility to develop MALT lymphoma is still unclear. We investigated the role of NOD1 and NOD2 as intracellular recognition molecules for pathogen-associated molecules in H. pylori infection in vitro and analysed the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms on susceptibility to ulcer disease and MALT lymphoma. Expression of NOD1 and NOD2 significantly sensitized HEK293 cells to H. pylori-induced NF-kappaB activation in a cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI)-dependent manner. In cells carrying the Crohn-associated NOD2 variant R702W the NF-kappaB response was significantly diminished. NOD1/NOD2 expression levels were induced in the gastric epithelium in H. pylori-positive patients. No mutations were found to be associated with gastritis or gastric ulcer development. However, the R702W mutation in the NOD2/CARD15 gene was significantly associated with gastric lymphoma. Carrier of the rare allele T had a more than doubled risk to develop lymphoma than controls [odds ratio (OR): 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-4.6; P < 0.044]. H. pylori-induced upregulation of NOD1 and NOD2 in vivo may play a critical role in the recognition of this common pathogen. A missense mutation in the leucine-rich region of CARD15 is associated with gastric lymphoma.
Human-robot systems facing ethical conflicts: a preliminary experimental protocol (2015)

© 2015, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved. This paper focuses on a preliminary experimental protocol that aims at assessing a robot operator's behavior when the robot is equipped with what appears as moral decision capabilities. The protocol is derived from the trolley dilemma, a well-known decision making paradigm. Indeed the participants, acting as operators of simulated aerial robots via a computer screen, are faced to impersonal moral dilemmas, i.e. decide to crash a damaged robot on one of two inhabited areas, and to non-moral choices, i.e. decide to crash a damaged robot on one of two uninhabited areas. In each situation, the robot has a default crash behavior which is displayed to the participant who will have to decide whether to follow it or not. The participants are equipped with fNIRS and eye-tracking and answer a post-experimental questionnaire. As some of the behavioral and physiological results do not match the hypotheses we had set, we give the features of the further experiments that we are planning.
Genetically Engineered Human Cancer Models Utilizing Mammalian Transgene Expression (2006)

Cancer models are vital to cancer biology research, and multiple cancer models are currently available that utilize either murine or human cells, each with particular strengths and weaknesses. The ability to transform primary human cells into tumors through the expression of specific transgenes offers many advantages as a cancer model, including genetic malleability and the ability to transform specific cell types. Until recently, the conversion of primary human cells into tumors through transgene expression required the use of viral genetic elements, which unfortunately adds uncertainty regarding which cancer pathways are affected and how they are affected. In recent years multiple reports have described the transformation of primary human cells into tumors using only mammalian transgenes. This review focuses on these five cancer models, comparing the different cell types which were transformed into tumors and which transgenes were expressed, as well as the cancer pathways affected in the disparate models. These genetically-engineered human cancer models offer a valuable tool to complement existing cancer models and further cancer research.
Low-molecular-weight constituents of isolated insulin-secretory granules. Bivalent cations, adenine nucleotides and inorganic phosphate (1983)

The concentrations of Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Pi and adenine nucleotides were determined in insulin-secretory granules prepared from a transplantable rat insulinoma. Differential and density-gradient centrifugation analyses revealed that Zn2+ in this tissue was principally localized in the secretory granule, a second major fraction being found in association with cytosolic proteins. Pi was principally recovered in the latter fraction, whereas Ca2+ and Mg2+ were more widely distributed. Intragranular ion-distribution experiments suggested that Zn2+ was complexed mainly to insulin and its precursor forms and remained in the granule in an insoluble state. The Zn2+/insulin ratio (0.54) was greater than that expected for insulin molecules having two centrally co-ordinated Zn2+ atoms/hexamer, but less than the maximal Zn2+-binding capacity of the molecule. Most of the granular Ca2+, Mg2+ and Pi was released in a soluble form when granules were disrupted by sonication. Simulation in vitro of the ionic composition of the granule suggested that up to 90% of its Ca2+ was complexed to Pi and adenine nucleotides. Granular macromolecules also bound Ca2+, as shown by equilibrium-dialysis studies of granule lysates. However, such binding was displaced by Mg2+. Examination of the efflux of Ca2+ from granules incubated in iso-osmotic suspensions at 37 degrees C suggested that the passive permeability of the granule membrane to Ca2+ was very low. Nevertheless, more than 50% of the granular Ca2+ was rapidly released in an ionized form on hypo-osmotic or detergent-induced disruption of the granule membrane. This may represent a potentially mobilizable pool of Ca2+ in vivo.
Proposal of String-Shaped Tactile Sensor Using Acoustic Signal (2016)

In this paper, we propose a new string-shaped tactile sensor that is thin, long and flexible. The sensor is constructed of a speaker, a flexible tube and a microphone (Fig.2). When the tube is touched, it's hollow sectional area around the touch point shall change. We estimate the position of touch and the force of touch by calculating the changes of the tube's sectional area by using acoustic signal that the microphone acquires. The sensor can wind around and fit tightly to any object with 3D free form including devices and machines, for example nursing-care robots.