gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Primary Structure of Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) Coagulogen and its Homologies with Platelet Factor 4 (1979)

Horseshoe crab coagulogen consists of a single basic polypeptide chain having the total 175 amino acid residues. Upon gelation of this protein, a large peptide, named peptide C, which has 28 amino acid residues, was released, and the resulting gel protein consisted of A and B chains, bridged by two disulfide linkages. The sequence studies on peptide C, A chain and B chain provided that their sequences have a significant homology partly with primate fibrinopeptide B and largely with human platelet factor 4. The facts suggest that these are derived from a common ancester or that the coagulogen is a prototype of platelet factor 4. The whole sequence of coagulogen was as follows:Ala-Asp-Thr-Asn-Ala-Pro-Ile-Cys-Leu-Cys-Asp-Glu-Pro-Gly-Val-Leu-Gly-Arg-Thr-Gln-Ile-Val-Thr-Thr-Glu-Ile-Lys-Asp-Lys-Ue-Glu-Lys-Ala-Val-Clu-Ala-Val-Ala-Gln-Glu-Ser-Gly-Val-Ser-Gly-Arg-Cly-Fhe-Ser-Ile-Phe-Ser-His-His-Pro-Val-Phe-Arg-Glu-Cys-Gly-Lys-Tyr-Glu-Cys-Arg-Thr-Val-Arg-Fro-Glu-Hls-Ser-Arg-Cys-Tyr-Asn-Phe-Pro-Pro-Phe-Thr-His-Phe-Lys-Leu-Glu-Cys-Pro-Val-Ser-Thr-Arg-Asp-Cys-Glu-Pro-Va1-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Thr-Va1-Ala-Gly-Glu-Phe-Arg-Va1-1le-Va1-GIn-Ala-Pro-Arg-Ala-Cly-Phe-Arg-GIn-Cys-Val-Trp-Cin-His-Lys-Cys-Arg-Phe-Giy-Ser-Asn-Ser-Cys-Gly-Tyr-Asn-Gly-Arg-Cys-Thr-Gln-Gln-Arg-Ser-Val-Val-Arg-Leu-Val-Thr-Tyr-Asn-Leu-Clu-Lys-Asp-Cly-Phe-Leu-Cys-Glu-Ser-Phe-Arg-Thr-Cys-Gys-Cly-Cys-Pro-Cys-Arg-Ser-Phe,
A new rigid diindolocarbazole donor moiety for high quantum efficiency thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter (2018)

We report a new electron donor moiety (diindolocarbazole) for high performances of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters.
Anabolic and energetic signaling in human skeletal muscle in response to amino acids and endurance exercise (2010)

Resistance exercise potentiates anabolic signaling in response to amino acids. However, endurance exercise may interfere with amino acid‐mediated anabolic signaling through activation of AMPK. Thus, we examined nutrient and energy sensing signaling pathways in response to amino acids and endurance exercise (AA+EE) in young (n=9) and older (n=8) men. Muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and again at 10 and 180 min of recovery from 45 min of walking at 40% VO 2PEAK . AMPKα and ACC were unchanged in response to AA+EE. Although Akt, mTOR, and 4E‐BP1 appear unaltered by AA+EE, phosphorylation of the downstream effector p70 S6K was significantly increased. Our data show, for the first time in humans, that AA+EE increases the phosphorylation of p70 S6K , which is a key anabolic signaling protein.
Pilot study of screening for Wilson disease using dried blood spots obtained from children seen at outpatient clinics (1999)

Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper accumulation leading to liver and/or brain damage. In this paper, we describe the results of a pilot study of screening for WD using ceruloplasmin determinations in dried blood samples. Specimens were collected from children aged 1 to 6 years who were seen at local paediatric outpatient clinics in the Miyagi Prefecture. We measured ceruloplasmin (CP) concentrations in 2789 children using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean value was 12.4 +/- 3.95 mg/dl blood. Among these children, we identified two (case 1, male, 2 years old; case 2, female, 3 years old) with markedly reduced CP concentrations. Apart from low serum copper concentrations, their biochemical findings were almost normal, as were growth and development. To confirm the diagnosis, we analysed the WD gene and detected A803T/2871delC mutations in case 1 and R778L/G1035V mutations in case 2. We conclude that these children were presymptomatic WD patients. The CP level in dried blood samples from children aged 1 to 6 years appears to be a reliable marker for early detection of WD.
Imaging in Resist: Standing Waves and Swing Curves (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Standing Waves Swing Curves Bottom Antireflection Coatings Top Antireflection Coatings Contrast Enhancement Layer Impact of the Phase of the Substrate Reflectance Imaging in Resist Defining Intensity Problems References
Atomic layer deposition of polyimide thin films (2006)

The atomic layer deposition (ALD) of different polyimide thin films has been studied. We have demonstrated self-limiting ALD deposition of PMDA–DAH, PMDA–EDA, PMDA–ODA and PMDA–PDA thin films at 160 °C. The maximum deposition rate of 5.8 Å cycle−1 was obtained for the PMDA–DAH process. Although the deposition rate was high at 160 °C, a sudden decrease was observed when the temperature was increased. Regardless of the process studied, no film growth was obtained at 200 °C or above. Deposited polyimide films were analysed by FTIR, AFM and TOF-ERDA. According to the FTIR measurements, imide bonds were formed already in as-deposited films indicating polyimide formation without any additional thermal treatment.
Quantitative analysis of potentially pathogenic microbes (PPMs) in the induced sputum of non-smoker COPD (NS-COPD) subjects (2016)

<b>Background:</b> We have previously reported that both tobacco-smoke associated COPD (TS-COPD) and NS-COPD subjects exhibit a decline in lung function and progressive airway inflammation. The association between load of PPMs and lung function tests is well demonstrated among TS-COPD subjects. However, there is lack of knowledge with respect to NS-COPD subjects. We aimed to investigate the load of PPMs in the lower respiratory tract of NS-COPD subjects among the rural Indian population and its association with lung function. <b>Methods:</b> Induced sputum samples were collected from 19 healthy-nonsmoker (H-Nonsmokers), 8 healthy-smokers (H-smokers), 9 TS-COPD, and 12 NS-COPD to assess the load of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (PA), <i>S. pneumoniae</i> (SP), <i>H. influenzae</i> (HI), and <i>M. catarrhalis</i> (MC) using SYBR-Green qPCR assay. <b>Results:</b> The load of PA, SP and HI was significantly higher in both TS-COPD and NS-COPD than healthy subjects (Figure 1). The load of MC was similar among all the groups. The load of PA and HI negatively correlated with FEV<sub>1</sub> %predicted (PA: r=-0.136, P=0.02; HI: r=-0.326, P=0.03), and FVC %predicted (PA: r=-0.153, P=0.03; HI: r=-0.432; P=0.048). <b>Conclusion:</b> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report that load of PA, SP and HI is higher among NS-COPD subjects as compared to healthy non-smokers. Also, this bacterial load negatively correlates with lung function data.
Quantum efficiencies on transition metal complexes. II. Charge-transfer luminescence (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantum efficiencies on transition metal complexes. II. Charge-transfer luminescenceG. A. Crosby and J. N. DemasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 12, 2841–2847Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00741a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00741a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2301Altmetric-Citations280LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Better brain imaging with chemometrics (2001)

Mathematical methods could improve noninvasive techniques that distinguish brain tumors from healthy tissue.
Structural Characterization, Technological Functionality, and Physiological Aspects of Fungal β-D-glucans: A Review (2015)

β-D-glucans are a (1→3)-linked glucose polymer with (1→6)-linked side chains and a major component of fungal cell walls. They exhibit structural integrity to the fungal cell wall. In addition, β-glucans are widely used as food adjuvant in food and pharmaceutical industries because of their physico-chemical properties. Several studies have focused on different isolation processes of (1→3) (1→6)-β-glucan that could affect the physico-chemical and functional properties of β-glucan such as chemical composition, solubility, viscosity, hydration properties, and oil binding capacity. Immunological activity is one of the most important properties of β-glucans. Thus, they are effective in inhibiting growth of cancer cells and metastasis and preventing bacterial infection. In humans, β-glucans reduce blood cholesterol, improve glucose absorption by body cells, and so help wound healing. This review described the prebiotic potentiality of fungal β-D-glucans with the objective to detail the methodologies applied for their extraction, their structure and techno-functional properties, and finally their biological effects.
Stress validation of finite element model of a small-scale wind turbine blade (2019)

Wind turbine blades are the first mechanical part of a wind turbine that interacts with the wind and hence play a key role in wind power generation. It is important that the wind turbine blade is tested for structural integrity in accordance to design code IEC 61400-23 such as strain limits, fatigue life, blade tip clearance limit, and surface stress. This paper aims to focus on the calculation and validation of static bending stresses in the blade; it presents the experimental and simulated stress analysis of a small-scale wind turbine blade. The simulation and 3D design software ANSYS, version 19.0 is used in the finite element analysis (FEA). By using FEA, we aim to capture the stress generated on the blade geometry under static loading and unloading conditions. As a first step towards this, the finite element results were validated against experimental results on a kestrel E230i turbine blade. The wind turbine blade was fixed at one end, loaded, and unloaded statically at three selected points. The finite element results are calculated within a 25% error margin of the experimental results. A reverse engineering procedure was used to determine the appropriate ANSYS model blade properties that were used as the exact material properties were not available from the manufacturer.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Arginase 1/2 Inhibitor OATD-02: From Discovery to First-in-man Setup in Cancer Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods not included in the main manuscript&lt;/p&gt;
Generation of skeletal muscle cells from pluripotent stem cells: advances and challenges (2015)

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) possess unlimited proliferative potential while maintaining the ability to differentiate into any cell type including skeletal muscle cells (SMCs). hPSCs are amenable to genetic editing and can be derived from patient somatic cells, and thus represent a promising option for cell therapies for the treatment of degenerative diseases such as muscular dystrophies. There are unresolved challenges however associated with the derivation and scale-up of hPSCs and generation of differentiated cells in large quantity and high purity. Reported myogenic differentiation protocols are long, require cell sorting and/or rely on ectopic expression of myogenic master regulators. More recent advances have been made with the application of small molecules to enhance the myogenic differentiation efficiency and the identification of more selective markers for the enrichment of myogenic progenitors with enhanced regenerative potential. Here we review the field of myogenic differentiation and highlight areas requiring further research.
Primäre Sarkome der Leber (2005)

Einleitung: Primäre Sarkome der Leber repräsentieren lediglich 0,1% aller Lebertumoren. Die Diagnosestellung zu einem späten Zeitpunkt verhindert meist aufgrund des fortgeschrittenen Tumorleidens eine operative Therapie. Material und Methoden: Von 1980 bis 1999 wurden in unserer Klinik 20 konsekutive erwachsene Patienten wegen eines primären Lebersarkoms operiert. Daten über Anamnese, Diagnostik, Resektionsausmaß, Histologie und postoperativen Verlauf wurden zusammengetragen. Alle Schnittpräparate wurden histologisch reklassifiziert. Ergebnisse: Der Altersmedian der 11 Frauen und 9 Männer lag bei 54 Jahren. Siebzehn Patienten wurden im Rahmen der Primärtherapie von uns operiert. Das Operationsausmaß reichte von Segmentektomien bis hin zur Lebertransplantation (18 R0, 2 R1). Histologisch waren Leiomyosarkom und Angiosarkom (n=je 6) am häufigsten vertreten. 11 Tumore waren G2, 9 Tumore G3. In 5 Fällen (25%) trat anch im Median 13 Monaten ein Lokalrezidiv auf; Fernetastasen wurden in 7 Fällen nach 13 Monaten nachgewiesen. Die Hälfte der Patienten verstarb innerhalb von 28 (1–74) Monaten nach Primäroperation. Am Ende der Beobachtungszeit lebten 10 Patienten im Mittel 108 Monaten ohne Hinweis auf ein Rezidiv. Neun Patienten verstarben nach 31 (1–74) Monaten an den Folgen ihres Tumorleidens. Drei Patienten wurden lebertransplantiert, eine starb nach 73 Monaten an multipler Metastasierung. Schlussfolgerung: Bei fehlender spezifischer Symptomatik werden primäre Lebersarkome meist im fortgeschrittenen Stadium diagnostiziert und sind dann häufig nicht resektabel. Ziel der chirurgischen Therapie ist das Erreichen einer R0-Situation, die Operationsverfahren unterscheiden sich nicht von denen der anderen primären Lebertumoren. Zwei der primär R0-resezierten Patienten sind bis zum Abschluss der Untersuchung tumorfrei. Bei unvollständiger Resektion ist das Lokalrezidiv zwangsläufig und kann in der Regel durch andere Therapiemaßnahmen nicht verhindert werden Bei isoliertem Befall der Leber und fehlender Neigung zur lymphogenen Metastasierung kann im Einzelfall eine Hepatektomie und Lebertransplantation erwogen werden.
Representing and Analysing Molecular and Cellular Function Using the Computer (2000)

Determining the biological function of a myriad of genes, and understanding how they interact to yield a living cell, is the major challenge of the post genome-sequencing era. The complexity of biological systems is such that this cannot be envisaged without the help of powerful computer systems capable of representing and analysing the intricate networks of physical and functional interactions between the different cellular components. In this review we try to provide the reader with an appreciation of where we stand in this regard. We discuss some of the inherent problems in describing the different facets of biological function, give an overview of how information on function is currently represented in the major biological databases, and describe different systems for organising and categorising the functions of gene products. In a second part, we present a new general data model, currently under development, which describes information on molecular function and cellular processes in a rigorous manner. The model is capable of representing a large variety of biochemical processes, including metabolic pathways, regulation of gene expression and signal transduction. It also incorporates taxonomies for categorising molecular entities, interactions and processes, and it offers means of viewing the information at different levels of resolution, and dealing with incomplete knowledge. The data model has been implemented in the database on protein function and cellular processes 'aMAZE' (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/research/pfbp/), which presently covers metabolic pathways and their regulation. Several tools for querying, displaying, and performing analyses on such pathways are briefly described in order to illustrate the practical applications enabled by the model.
Computer-aided tumor detection in endoscopic video using color wavelet features (2003)

We present an approach to the detection of tumors in colonoscopic video. It is based on a new color feature extraction scheme to represent the different regions in the frame sequence. This scheme is built on the wavelet decomposition. The features named as color wavelet covariance (CWC) are based on the covariances of second-order textural measures and an optimum subset of them is proposed after the application of a selection algorithm. The proposed approach is supported by a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) procedure for the characterization of the image regions along the video frames. The whole methodology has been applied on real data sets of color colonoscopic videos. The performance in the detection of abnormal colonic regions corresponding to adenomatous polyps has been estimated high, reaching 97% specificity and 90% sensitivity.
Protein Aggregation in a Mutant Deficient in YajL, the Bacterial Homolog of the Parkinsonism-associated Protein DJ-1 (2010)

YajL is the closest prokaryotic homolog of the parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1 (40% sequence identity and similar three-dimensional structure), a protein of unknown function involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. We report here that a yajL mutant of Escherichia coli displays an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. It also exhibits a protein aggregation phenotype in aerobiosis, but not in anaerobiosis or in aerobic cells overexpressing superoxide dismutase, suggesting that protein aggregation depends on the presence of reactive oxygen species produced by respiratory chains. The protein aggregation phenotype of the yajL mutant, which can be rescued by the wild-type yajL gene, but not by the corresponding cysteine 106 mutant allele, is similar to that of multiple mutants deficient in superoxide dismutases and catalases, although intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels were not increased in the yajL mutant, suggesting that protein aggregation in this strain does not result from a hydrogen peroxide detoxification defect. Aggregation-prone proteins included 17 ribosomal proteins, the ATP synthase beta subunit, flagellin, and the outer membrane proteins OmpA and PAL; all of them are part of multiprotein complexes, suggesting that YajL might be involved in optimal expression of these complexes, especially during oxidative stress. YajL stimulated the renaturation of urea-unfolded citrate synthase and the solubilization of the urea-unfolded ribosomal proteins S1 and L3 and was more efficient as a chaperone in its oxidized form than in its reduced form. The mRNA levels of several aggregated proteins of the yajL mutant were severely affected, suggesting that YajL also acts at the level of gene expression. These two functions of YajL might explain the protein aggregation phenotype of the yajL mutant.
Recombination effects at oxygen related double acceptors in Al/sub 0.10/Ga/sub 0.90/As (2002)

Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As is an important component of many high-efficiency photovoltaic devices. This work shows that the hole lifetime of n-type Al/sub 0.10/Ga/sub 0.90/As is controlled by impurity-oxygen-related recombination centers with capture cross sections of about 10/sup -12/ cm/sup 2/ when the films are grown at temperatures of 720/spl deg/C and lower. Correlated time-resolved photoluminescence and deep level transient spectroscopy measurements link these centers to well known impurity oxygen complexes. Film growth at temperatures above about 720/spl deg/C eliminates these oxygen complexes from the epitaxial layer resulting in greatly improved photovoltaic properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Two- and three-dimensional simulations of aerosol transport and deposition in alveolar zone of human lung (1996)

We simulate two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) aerosol transport for different particle diameters within alveolated ducts. In agreement with previous studies (W. J. Federspiel and J. J. Fredberg. J. Appl. Physiol. 64: 2614-2621, 1988; A. Tsuda, J. P. Butler, and J. J. Fredberg. J. Appl. Physiol. 76: 2497-2509, 1994), the 2D-computed velocity field shows that the flow inside the alveoli is negligible compared with that in the central channel of the ducts and that a recirculation zone is set up in each alveolus. The calculated particle trajectories indicate that in the 2D and 3D simulations the particles do not deposit uniformly on the alveolar walls. For <0.5-microns-diameter particles, simulations show that particles are mainly located near the entrance of alveoli. This suggests that local and mean aerosol concentrations may be substantially different. For large particles we show that the gravity field significantly affects deposition. Aerosol dispersion is also computed, and the simulations are compared with the classical one-dimensional (1D) approach with use of the trumpet model, with additional terms for deposition. The 3D model simulates total deposition that is intermediate between 1D and 2D models. The differences between 2D and 3D data are attributed to the inclusion of azimuthal alveolar walls in the 3D duct and the change from 2D- to 3D-particle motions. Finally, our work suggests that the 1D model may introduce large errors in the location of deposited particles.