gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Social Optimization Strategy in Unobserved Queueing Systems in Cognitive Radio Networks (2012)

We study a noncooperative game problem for queueing control in the Cognitive Radio (CR) system where selfish Secondary User's (SU) data packets (a.k.a. "customers" in this work) are served by a CR base station (a.k.a. "server"). The scenario is modeled as an M/M/1 queueing game with server breakdowns where each customer wants to optimize their benefit in a selfish distributed manner. We first show that the game has an inefficient unique Nash Equilibrium (NE). In order to improve the outcome efficiency, we propose an appropriate admission fee that can be easily implemented at the server. We then show that the social welfare at the equilibrium point can be coincided the social welfare of the socially optimal strategy.
How can we transform travel medicine by leveraging on AI-powered search engines? (2023)

A ChatGPT search engine with chatbot function offers travellers pre-, during and post-travel consultations. Users should critically evaluate information provided and assess source reliability. Integrating user feedback and reviews could enhance information quality. With responsible artificial intelligence (AI) development, leveraging travel medicine specialists’ expertise and AI-based search engines can transform travel medicine.
Multiple Brain Developmental Venous Anomalies as a Marker for Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (2018)

The occurrence of multiple developmental venous anomalies in all our patients with CMMRD suggests that developmental venous anomalies may be a characteristic of this syndrome that has not been previously described. If confirmed, this quantifiable feature can be added to the current scoring system and could result in early implementation of genetic testing and surveillance protocols, which can be life-saving for these patients.
Efficient Triangle Coverage Tests for Stochastic Rasterization (2011)

In our previous paper on stochastic rasterization [Laine et al. 2011], we stated that a 5D triangle coverage test consumes approximately 25 FMA (fused multiply-add) operations. This technical report details the operation of our coverage test. We also provide variants specialized for defocus-only and motion-only cases. 1 A Basic 5D Test Let us denote the three moving input vertices as v0(
Inferring new relations between medical entities using literature curated term co-occurrences (2019)

The discovery of new relations between various medical entities can be translated into meaningful insights, for example, related to drug development or disease understanding. Our representation of medical entities can be used to train models that predict such relations, thus accelerating healthcare-related discoveries.
Magnetic circular dichroism studies. 44. Chloroperoxidase. Evidence for P-450 type heme environment from magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetic circular dichroism studies. 44. Chloroperoxidase. Evidence for P-450 type heme environment from magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopyJohn Harold Dawson, James R. Trudell, Guenther Barth, Robert E. Linder, Edward Bunnenberg, Carl Djerassi, Robert Chiang, and L. P. HagerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 12, 3709–3710Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00428a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00428a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chromosomal GeneCapture Mediated bythePseudomonas putida TOL Catabolic Plasmid (1994)

aredonorbacteria thathavereceived DNAfroma recipient. TheTOLplasmid pWWO is abletodirectly mobilize andretromobilize a kanamycin resistance markerintegrated intothechromosome of other P.putida strains, a processthat appearstoinvolve a single conjugational event. Therateofretrotransfer (aswell asofdirect transfer) ofthechromosomal marker isinfluenced bythelocation ofthekanamycin marker on thechromosome andrangesfrom10-3 toless than10-8retrotransconjugants perdonor(transconjugants per recipient). Themobilized DNA isincorporated intothechromosome oftheretrotransconjugants (transconjugants) ina processthatseems tooccurthrough recombination ofhighly homologous flanking regions. Nointerspecific mobilization ofthechromosomal markerinmatings involving P.putida andtheclosely related Pseudomonas fluorescens, whichbelongs torRNAgroup I,was observed. Horizontal genetransfer refers tothetransfer andmaintenanceofDNA fromonebacterium toanother. Thisphenomenoniswellestablished inprokaryotes. Conjugative plasmids represent themostwidespread vehicle forunidirectional
Modelling Hydraulics of Ozone Contactors (1993)

Abstract The U.S. EPA published the surface water treatment rule which imposed stringent requirements for disinfection. The rule is based on the C × T concept. The detention time T10 must be determined for each type of contactor by performing tracer tests. Those tests have been performed for various ozone contactors. The results were evaluated using two types of models. For a classical diffuser-bubble contactor the ratio T10/τ is about 0.5. For an industrial deep U-tube this ratio is equal to 0.55, but it reaches 0.9 for a pilot system. These results are indicating that a deep U–tube can provide a greater T10/τ ratio than a diffuser–bubble contactor. Key Words: OzoneContactingHydraulicsGas/Liquid ReactorsModellingBubble ColumnsDeep U-Tube
Determination of Nitrate in Fresh Water (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Nitrate in Fresh WaterA. D. Westland and R. R. LangfordCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 12, 1996–1998Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60120a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60120a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conservative treatment for breast cancer of limited extent. Results of a randomized trial. (1982)

From 1973 to 1980, a controlled clinical trial was carried out at the National Cancer Institute of Milan to compare the Halsted mastectomy with breast quadrantectomy and axillary dissection followed by radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer of less than 2 cm in size. Cases of breast cancer classified as T1N0 were randomized into the two treatment procedures: 349 cases were treated with the Halsted mastectomy and 352 with the quadrantectomy technique. The two series were comparable with regard to age distribution, size, site of primary tumor, menopausal status and frequency of axillary metastases. Three local recurrences occurred in the Halsted group and one in the quadrantectomy group. Actuarial curves showed no difference in the two series with regard to disease-free and overall survival. In view of these results, mastectomy appears to be an unnecessary mutilation for patients with breast carcinomas less than 2 cm in size and no palpable axillary nodes.
Abstract 16690: Multi-modality Imaging With 18-fluoro-d-glucose (fdg) Pet and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (cmr) Imaging to Identify Metabolical Remodeling in Patients With Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate (2016)

Introduction: Both late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) CMR scar as well as FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) have been independently validated for the assessment of ischemic ventricular scar. We hypothesized that by combining both imaging technologies (i.e. extracellular fibrosis by CMR and metabolism of surviving myocardial cells), it is possible to detect abnormal remodeling processes within the ischemic scar characterized by preferential for cytosolic glycolysis, which provide a pathophysiological basis for possible proarrhythmic adaptions within the cellular ischemic VT substrate. Methods: Pre-ablation LGE-CMR and FDG-PET images of the left ventricle in 9 patients undergoing ablation for drug-refractory, ischemic ventricular tachycardia were reconstructed using SEGMENT (Medviso) and PCARD (pMOD) software. Using high resolution 757-segment polar plots, the presence and transmural extent of LGE CMR defined scar as well as the FDG uptake of surviving myocardial cells (normalized to perfusion) in each segment were determined. Additionally, in each segment, relative metabolic activity per mm of surviving, non-LGE myocardium was calculated and analyzed in corresponding 2D polar plots. Results: All patients had regions of decreased FDG uptake, located inferiorly (n=4), infero-laterally (n=3), antero-apically (n=1) and laterally (n=1). The location of decreased tracer uptake matched CMR fibrosis in all patients. Overall, CMR scar was not significantly different from PET scar (187±103 segments vs 142±85 segments, p=0.3). However, significant CMR/PET mismatch pattern (differences of >20% in segmental scar area) was seen in 3 patients, with CMR>PET in all three. Quantitative segmental analysis of those mismatching areas demonstrated a >3-fold increase in relative FDG uptake (per mm 3 of living tissue) compared to remote myocardium, suggesting significant metabolic remodeling. Conclusions: This is the first-in-human demonstration that multi-modality scar imaging using high resolution CMR and molecular, metabolic PET imaging has the potential to detect regional cellular remodeling and provide new pathophysiological insights into the possible proarrhythmic cellular adaptation within the ischemic scar substrate.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose (I): Relationship between Kinetics and Physico-Chemical Parameters (1997)

Several purified celluloses (Avicel PH 101; Sigmacell type 100; Whatman CF-11; Cotton; Amorphous cotton) were physically characterised. The crystallinity, particle size and degree of polymerisation were analysed during successive enzymatic digestions with a commercial cellulase of Trichoderma reesei under conditions of high enzyme to substrate ratio.The variation in the degree of polymerisation after 30 min of enzymatic digestion, as measured by the variation of the reducing power of the insoluble fibres, correlated with the cellulose solubilised after 12 h. The results obtained suggest that the overall kinetics of digestion are governed by the amorphous area of the fibres which is accessible to endoglucanases.The effect of the substrate and enzyme concentrations on the initial kinetics of hydrolysis was also studied. The relative susceptibility of the different substrates to enzymes depended on the enzyme to substrate ratio, owing to the different adsorption properties of the tested celluloses. Analysis of the effect of the physical properties of the substrate cannot therefore be done neglecting the enzyme to substrate ratio.
Hot-electron effect in palladium thin films (2007)

We have measured the hot-electron effect in sputtered palladium thin films at ultracryogenic temperatures. The temperature of the Joule-heated electron gas has been measured using a SQUID-based noise thermometer. Results are consistent with a ${T}^{3}$ dependence of the electron-phonon scattering rate, as reported for other materials. This dependence is in contrast with some theoretical predictions for the electron-phonon scattering rate in metals in the dirty limit and with recent experimental results on other metals.
E-Selectin, Thymus- and Activation-Regulated Chemokine/CCL17, and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Are Constitutively Coexpressed in Dermal Microvessels: A Foundation for a Cutaneous Immunosurveillance System (2004)

The success of the cutaneous immune system reflects its ability to rapidly and efficiently recruit leukocytes to areas of trauma and infection. Skin-homing memory T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte-associated Ag tether on the walls of postcapillary venules in inflamed skin via interaction with endothelial E-selectin and roll in response to the shear stress imparted by flowing blood. Rolling cells sample the vascular surface for chemoattractant compounds (e.g., thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 interacting with CCR4 on the leukocyte surface) and, if successfully stimulated, progress to firm arrest and transmigration mediated by LFA-1 and vascular ICAM-1. Although it is established that this sequence of events draws T cells into inflamed skin, the mechanisms directing trafficking of T cells to noninflamed skin are less well characterized. We hypothesized that basal expression and colocalization of E-selectin, chemokine (e.g., CCL17), and ICAM-1 in dermal vessels could serve to recruit T cells to noninflamed human skin. Immunohistochemical staining for E-selectin and CD31 demonstrated E-selectin expression in a restricted subset of dermal vessels in noninflamed human skin from three different sites. Confocal multicolor immunofluorescence imaging revealed a nonuniform distribution of E-selectin in dermal vessels as well as colocalization of E-selectin with CCL17 and ICAM-1. Coexpression of these molecules on blood vessels in noninflamed skin provides the basis for a model of cutaneous immunosurveillance system active in the absence of pathologic inflammation.
Does Social Feeding Improve Larval Survival of the Two-Spotted Lady Beetle,Adalia bipunctata? (2012)

Lady beetles typically lay eggs in clusters, and clutch-mates that emerge near to each other might benefit in multiple ways. For example, lady beetle larvae are attracted to the pheromone released by aphids under attack. Thus, one potential advantage to larvae emerging as a group is if one larva captures an aphid, others can share in consuming the same aphid. Sharing a meal likely reduces the per capita food intake of a hatchling, but it might also provide enough nutrition to prevent death by starvation during a particularly vulnerable stage. In an assay of the behavior of two-spotted lady beetles (Adalia bipunctata), larvae were attracted to chemical cues from damaged aphids, corroborating previous research. Densities of A. bipunctata hatchlings were then manipulated to test whether the presence of clutch-mates increasesed the probability of capturing prey, and the survivorship of hatchlings. In one experiment, a single aphid was placed with a number of lady beetle hatchlings ranging from 1 to 10 in a small arena for 72 hours to evaluate prey capture effectiveness and hatchling survival. As the initial density of lady beetle hatchlings increased, their prey capture rate increased. At the same time, survival of the hatchlings was not affected by their initial density. Five experiments were performed on individual fava bean plants by varying densities of aphids and lady beetle hatchlings to evaluate lady beetle survivorship measured after five days. In all five on-plant experiments, increasing the initial number of lady beetle larvae did not improve their survival. Lady beetle larvae shared meals during the small scale experiments, but that behavior did not improve their survivorship under any of the experimental conditions.
Neurocognitive Dysfunction With Neuronal Injury in People With HIV on Long-Duration Antiretroviral Therapy (2023)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Neurologic outcomes in people with HIV (PWH) on long-duration antiretroviral therapy (ART) are not fully understood, and the underlying pathophysiology is unclear. To address this, we established a cohort of such individuals and compared them with HIV-negative controls using a novel matching technique. Both groups underwent extensive cognitive testing, evaluation for psychiatric measures, and MRI and CSF analyses. <h3>Methods</h3> Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological testing and completed standardized questionnaires measuring depressive symptoms, perceptions of own functioning, and activities of daily living as part of an observational study. Brain MRI and lumbar puncture were optional. Coarsened Exact Matching was used to reduce between-group differences in age and sex, and weighted linear/logistic regression models were used to assess the effect of HIV on outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> Data were analyzed from 155 PWH on ART for at least 15 years and 100 HIV-negative controls. Compared with controls, PWH scored lower in the domains of attention/working memory (PWH least square mean [LSM] = 50.4 vs controls LSM = 53.1, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and motor function (44.6 vs 47.7, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and a test of information processing speed (symbol search 30.3 vs 32.2, <i>p</i> = 0.003). They were more likely to self-report a higher number of cognitive difficulties in everyday life (<i>p</i> = 0.011). PWH also reported more depressive symptoms, general anxiety, and use of psychiatric medications (all with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). PWH had reduced proportions of subcortical gray matter on MRI (β = −0.001, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and CSF showed elevated levels of neurofilament light chain (664 vs 529 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and tumor necrosis factor α (0.229 vs 0.156 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.0008). <h3>Discussion</h3> PWH, despite effective ART for over a decade, displayed neurocognitive deficits and mood abnormalities. MRI and CSF analyses revealed reduced brain volume and signs of ongoing neuronal injury and neuroinflammation. As the already large proportion of virologically controlled PWH continues to grow, longitudinal studies should be conducted to elucidate the implications of cognitive, psychiatric, MRI, and CSF abnormalities in this group.
Structure and properties of epitaxial Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3/SrRuO3/ZrO2 heterostructure on Si grown by off-axis sputtering (1995)

We report the growth and characterization of epitaxial Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3/SrRuO3/ZrO2 on Si for potential charge storage applications. Both Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) and SrRuO3 (SRO) are grown (110)-oriented on yttrium-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) (100)-buffered Si. These films show a high degree of crystallinity with minimal interdiffusion at the interfaces as evidenced from x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Studies on the in-plane crystallographic relations between the layers revealed an interesting rectangle-on-cube epitaxy between BST/SRO and YSZ. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the BST dielectric layer are 360 and 0.01 at 10 kHz, respectively. The leakage current density is lower than 4×10−7 A/cm2 at 1 V. A strong frequency dependence on both dielectric constant and loss tangent is observed in 1–10 MHz frequency range. This is attributed to the effect of a series resistance in the measurement loop, which is likely related to the bottom SrRuO3 electrode.
Tuning the free-energy landscape of a WW domain by temperature, mutation, and truncation (2003)

The equilibrium unfolding of the Formin binding protein 28 (FBP) WW domain, a stable three-stranded beta-sheet protein, can be described as reversible apparent two-state folding. Kinetics studied by laser temperature jump reveal a third state at temperatures below the midpoint of unfolding. The FBP free-energy surface can be tuned between three-state and two-state kinetics by changing the temperature, by truncation of the C terminus, or by selected point mutations. FBP WW domain is the smallest three-state folder studied to date and the only one that can be freely tuned between three-state and apparent two-state folding by several methods (temperature, truncation, and mutation). Its small size (28-37 residues), the availability of a quantitative reaction coordinate (phi(T)), the fast folding time scale (10s of micros), and the tunability of the folding routes by small temperature or sequence changes make this system the ideal prototype for studying more subtle features of the folding free-energy landscape by simulations or analytical theory.
Scalable Cell Technology Utilizing Domain Wall Motion for High-speed MRAM (2007)

We propose a new MRAM cell that stores data in the form of the domain wall (DW) position. The DW is moved by the spin-polarized current that flows in the free layer. The cell was fabricated and the writing characteristics were investigated. A writing current of the cell was scalable, and the current density was reduced by using a new material. The cell is suitable for a high-speed MRAM that will compete with an eSRAM.
Stimulation technique using only nitrogen (1981)

The fracture efficiency of nitrogen, as related to leakoff and flow capacity testing with no propping agent, has been investigated to analyze the effectiveness of nitrogen stimulation. Also, field data are presented which demonstrate successful results of the nitrogen technique in both oil and gas reservoirs. From the laboratory studies and field results, several conclusions were drawn concerning nitrogen stimulation. Of primary interest is that most of the width reduction in an unpropped fracture will occur in the early stage of production which indicated a sharp decline of the well flow rate after a relatively short period. 13 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF THE REACTION OF LEWIS BASES WITH DI‐μ‐CHLORO‐TETRACARBONYLDIRHODIUM(I) (1976)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Titelkomplexes mit Pyridinen, Triäthylamin, Chinolin, Tetrahydrothiophen, Piperidin, 1‐Methylimidazol, Dimethylacetamid und Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid zu Chlorodicarbonyl‐(ligand)‐rhodium wurde kalorimetrisch sowie IR‐ und NMR‐spektroskopisch untersucht.