gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A metric Suite for Systematic Quality Assessment of Linked Open Data (2020)

Abstract- The vision of the Linked Open Data (LOD) initiative is to provide a distributed model for publishing and meaningfully interlinking open data. The realization of this goal depends strongly on the quality of the data that is published as a part of the LOD. This paper focuses on the systematic quality assessment of datasets prior to publication on the LOD cloud. To this end, we identify important quality deficiencies that need to be avoided and/or resolved prior to the publication of a dataset. We then propose a set of metrics to measure these quality deficiencies in a dataset. This way, we enable the assessment and identification of undesirable quality characteristics of a dataset through our proposed metrics. This will help publishers to filter out low-quality data based on the quality assessment results, which in turn enables data consumers to make better and more informed decisions when using the open datasets.
13C MRS: An outstanding tool for metabolic studies (2005)

We provide an overview of 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy methods and their applications as an established metabolic tool with an emphasis on the use of high-resolution 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 13C isotopomer analysis. Topics addressed include general properties of the 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy spectrum; different 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy acquisition protocols; determination of fractional 13C enrichment, kinetic, or steady state measurements of metabolic flux; 13C isotopomer analysis approaches; 13C(2H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy methodologies; and in vivo 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Some illustrative applications are described. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 27A: 1–16, 2005.
Identification and characterization of Cardiac Glycosides as senolytic compounds (2019)

Compounds with specific cytotoxic activity in senescent cells, or senolytics, support the causal involvement of senescence in aging and offer therapeutic interventions. Here we report the identification of Cardiac Glycosides (CGs) as a family of compounds with senolytic activity. CGs, by targeting the Na+/K+ATPase pump, cause a disbalanced electrochemical gradient within the cell causing depolarization and acidification. Senescent cells present a slightly depolarized plasma membrane and higher concentrations of H+, making them more susceptible to the action of CGs. These vulnerabilities can be exploited for therapeutic purposes as evidenced by the in vivo eradication of tumors xenografted in mice after treatment with the combination of a senogenic and a senolytic drug. The senolytic effect of CGs is also effective in the elimination of senescence-induced lung fibrosis. This experimental approach allows the identification of compounds with senolytic activity that could potentially be used to develop effective treatments against age-related diseases.
SCALING OF OPTICAL LOGIC DEVICES AND ARRAYS (1988)

We investigate scaling with cross-sectional area of energy and speed for optical devices, and of optical design, speed and thermal dissipation for device arrays. Theory and experiments clearly point to lower energy and faster speed for smaller devices, and to simpler optical design, smaller propagation time delays and higher thermal dissipation capability for smaller array sizes.
High performance organic field-effect transistors with fluoropolymer gate dielectric (2007)

Electrical stability is essential for a successful commercialization of organic semiconductor devices. We report on organic field-effect transistors with unprecedented electrical stability. The single crystal and thin-film transistors employ a fluorocarbon polymer as gate dielectric (Cytop<sup>TM</sup>) and pentacene or rubrene as the organic semiconductor. Cytop<sup>TM</sup> (Cyclic Transparent Optical Polymer) is easy to be used and can be deposited in air from solution. It is highly hydrophobic and has a very low permittivity of &isin;<sub>i</sub> = 2.1 - 2.2. Moreover, the material is a good electrical insulator with a very high dielectric breakdown field. Its passive surface leads to extremely stable field-effect transistors with a high field-effect mobility, an outstanding subthreshold swing as low as 0.75 nFV/(decade cm<sup>2</sup>) and a near zero onset voltage. Of particular significance is the resistance of the devices against long-term gate bias stress. Oligomeric organic semiconductors can have a very high electrical stability when combined with a suitable gate dielectric. Cytop<sup>TM</sup> is an ideal gate dielectric for organic electronics and it seems very likely that the material leads to outstanding transistors in combination with many small molecule organic semiconductors.
HIGH DOSE BICALUTAMIDE FOR ANDROGEN INDEPENDENT PROSTATE CANCER: EFFECT OF PRIOR HORMONAL THERAPY (1998)

Bicalutamide at this dose is modestly effective for some patients with androgen independent prostate cancer, particularly for those previously treated with long-term flutamide. This study indicates that previous antiandrogen therapy alters the response to subsequent hormonal agents.
A 13C‐NMR. Study of cis‐trans Isomeric Vitamins A, Carotenoids and Related Compounds (1975)

Abstract The 1 H‐decoupled 13 C‐NMR. spectra of 35 all‐ trans , 17 mono‐cis vitamin A compounds (acetates, alcohols, aldehydes, acids and esters) and of one 11, 13‐di‐cis compound (11, 13‐di‐cis retinol) are reported. Included in this investigation are desmethyl‐, desmethylethyl, and aryl‐vitamin A analogues and others as well as 30 reference compounds of smaller molecular weight. Furthermore, the 13 C‐NMR. spectra of 23 β‐apo‐ and other carotenoids were studied. A complete assignment of the signals of all 106 compounds to the specific carbon atoms was achieved by extensive application of lanthanide shift reagents, mainly Yb(dpm) 3 , by CW‐offset and selective 1 H‐decoupling experiments, by comparison of the shifts of related compounds, and in three cases by utilization of specifically deuteriated compounds (11, 12‐D 2 ‐retinol and retinyl acetate, 15, 15′‐D 2 ‐β‐carotene). The chemical shift differences between the cis ‐ and trans ‐vitamin A compounds and the applicability of the shift reagents for the assignment of the 13 C‐NMR. spectra are discussed.
Compact multi-antenna system for cars with electrically invisible phone antennas for SDARS frequencies (2007)

In automotive application there is a strong need for compact multifunctional microwave antennas for example for cellular phones, GPS and, in the USA, satellite radio. The mutual coupling between the antennas leads to alterations in the antenna pattern which, in particular with the antenna for the SDARS- satellite system, is not accepted by the providers. In this paper it is shown how the impact of two phone antennas on the SDARS-antenna can be reduced to an negligible amount.
ChemInform Abstract: Bile Acids in Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Discrimination (2010)

Abstract Review: 82 refs.
Evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety of adapalene 0·1% gel versus tretinoin 0·025% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris, with particular reference to the onset of action and impact on quality of life (1998)

A randomized, multicentre, investigator-masked study was conducted in 105 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris to compare the efficacy and safety of adapalene 0.1% gel with tretinoin 0.025% gel after three months of treatment, with particular emphasis on reduction in inflammatory lesion counts after one week of treatment and impact on quality of life. In terms of efficacy, adapalene gel was found to be superior to tretinoin gel after one week of treatment, with respect to reduction in inflammatory lesion counts (32% vs. 17%, respectively; P = 0.001), total lesion counts (28% vs. 22%, respectively; P = 0.042) and global severity grade (28% vs. 16%, respectively; P = 0.001). No significant difference between the two treatments was found after 12 weeks of treatment for any of these variables. Evaluation of facial skin tolerance parameters showed significant differences between the two treatments in favour of adapalene for dryness, erythema, immediate and persistent burning and pruritus for at least one time point. One patient in the adapalene group and three patients in the tretinoin group experienced medical events which lead to discontinuation of treatment (skin irritation; NS). Quality of life scores improved more rapidly in the adapalene group than in the tretinoin group, with significant differences (P < 0.05) appearing at week 1 for questions related to problems with partners, close friends or relatives and to skin symptoms. There was also a significantly greater improvement in social and leisure activity in the adapalene group at week 12. Adapalene 0.1% gel reduced inflammatory and total lesion counts more rapidly than tretinoin 0.025% gel, and was also better tolerated. These differences appear to result in an earlier and greater quality of life improvement for the patients receiving adapalene.
Biological response of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to fluoride‐modified titanium surfaces (2010)

The results of the present study show that the chemical and micro/nano-scale modifications induced by fluoride treatment of TiO-grit blasted surfaces stimulate the proliferation and the extracellular matrix synthesis by BM-MSC, as well as the increase of OPG synthesis, thus preventing osteoclast activation and differentiation.
Dissemination of invasive Salmonella via bacterial-induced extrusion of mucosal epithelia (2010)

Salmonella enterica is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that resides and proliferates within a membrane-bound vacuole in epithelial cells of the gut and gallbladder. Although essential to disease, how Salmonella escapes from its intracellular niche and spreads to secondary cells within the same host, or to a new host, is not known. Here, we demonstrate that a subpopulation of Salmonella hyperreplicating in the cytosol of epithelial cells serves as a reservoir for dissemination. These bacteria are transcriptionally distinct from intravacuolar Salmonella. They are induced for the invasion-associated type III secretion system and possess flagella; hence, they are primed for invasion. Epithelial cells laden with these cytosolic bacteria are extruded out of the monolayer, releasing invasion-primed and -competent Salmonella into the lumen. This extrusion mechanism is morphologically similar to the process of cell shedding required for turnover of the intestinal epithelium. In contrast to the homeostatic mechanism, however, bacterial-induced extrusion is accompanied by an inflammatory cell death characterized by caspase-1 activation and the apical release of IL-18, an important cytokine regulator of gut inflammation. Although epithelial extrusion is obviously beneficial to Salmonella for completion of its life cycle, it also provides a mechanistic explanation for the mucosal inflammation that is triggered during Salmonella infection of the gastrointestinal and biliary tracts.
Development of Efficient Protein Extraction Methods for Shotgun Proteome Analysis of Formalin-Fixed Tissues (2007)

There are vast archives of formalin-fixed tissues spanning many conceivable conditions such as different diseases, time courses, and different treatment and allowing acquisition of the necessary numbers of samples to carry out biomarker discovery study. However, the conventional protein analysis approach is not applicable for the analysis of proteins in the formalin-fixed tissue because the formalin fixation process resulted in the cross-linking of proteins, and thus, intact proteins cannot be efficiently extracted. In this study, several protocols were investigated to extract proteins from formalin-fixed mouse liver tissue for shotgun proteome analysis. It was found that incubation of tissue in a lysis buffer containing 6 M guanidine hydrochloride at high temperature led to the highest protein yield and the largest number of proteins identified. The peptides and proteins identified from formalin-fixed tissue were first comprehensively compared with those identified from frozen-fresh tissue. It was found that a majority of peptides identified from fixed tissue were unmodified and proteome coverage for the analysis of fixed tissue was not obviously compromised by the formalin fixation process. Valuable proteome information could be obtained by shotgun proteome analysis of formalin-fixed tissue, which presents a new approach for disease biomarker discovery.
Second Workshop on the Impact of Recommender Systems at ACM RecSys ’20 (2020)

Recommender systems research is largely focused on the value such systems can create for users, e.g., by helping them finding items of interest in situations of information overload. However, there are various other ways in which recommender systems can create value and have an impact on individuals and organizations. The goal of the workshop is to serve as a platform where researchers discuss recent insights on how recommender systems affect individuals, user communities, or organizations. The workshop also aims at raising awareness regarding the importance of impact-oriented research.
THE STATE OF MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE STOMACH AND THE DUODENUM PATIENTS WITH OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2013)

Исследовано состояние слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки у 105 больных пе-риферическим атеросклерозом в дооперационном периоде. Во время фиброгастродуоденоскопии у 46 паци-ентов (43,8 %) была выявлена эндоскопическая картина хронического гастродуоденита, характеризующаяся отечностью и гиперемией слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки. У 59 больных (56,2 %) были выявлены эрозивно-язвенные изменения в слизистой оболочке желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки (множественные эрозии слизистой – в 49 наблюдениях, язва желудка – в 4, язва двенадцатиперстной киш-ки – в 6). Выявленные нарушения представляли потенциальную опасность развития гастродуоденальных кровотечений в раннем послеоперационном периоде у больных, оперированных по поводу окклюзионно-стенотических поражений аорты и артерий нижних конечностей. В связи с чем в ходе предоперационной подготовки больных с эрозивно-язвенными поражениями гастродуоденальной зоны проводился комплекс лечебных мероприятий, составленный в соответствии с рекомендациями 3-го Маастрихтского соглашения (2005) и адаптированный к конкретной клинической ситуации (выраженность ишемии конечности, состо-яние слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки). Основным результатом проведенного ис-следования явилось снижение числа гастродуоденальных кровотечений в раннем послеоперационном пери-оде у больных периферическим атеросклерозом с 4,1 % в 2005–2008 гг. до 1,9 % в 2009–2011 гг. (р < 0,05).Ключевые слова
Synthesis of a Homochiral [2]Rotaxane from a BINOL-derived Macrocyclic Phenanthroline (2015)

We synthesized a homochiral [2]rotaxane from a BINOL-derived macrocyclic phenanthroline. The catalytic activity of the BINOL-derived macrocyclic phenanthroline–Cu complex was utilized to promote th...
How Advances in On-Road NVH Simulator Technology Have Enabled Firm Targets for Delivery at the Concept Phase (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;One of the great challenges of the NVH development process is to ensure that customers and stakeholders in the vehicle team are involved in sound quality decision making throughout a new vehicle programme. Recent developments of interactive NVH simulators have enabled a cost-effective customer-focused method for capturing the opinions and decision making processes of people who are not NVH experts.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the latest enhancement to the NVH Simulator approach which allows the sounds of virtual vehicles to be evaluated whilst driving on-road. The sounds are created and presented to the driver in such a way that they appear totally natural and the assessor is not aware that they are synthesized. Since the subjective evaluations are performed on normal roads, key decision makers can understand, sign up with confidence to, and appreciate the value of the proposed sounds.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The main emphasis of this paper is a recent case study in which the “On-Road” and “Desktop” simulators were used at the concept stage to deliver an exciting sound to enhance and compliment a new B-segment vehicle. The paper explains how the tools were used to:&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;ul class="list disc"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Set vehicle level sound quality targets to enhance the appeal of the vehicle, including customer surveys and the use of the On-Road Simulator for final sign off at target confirmation drive events.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Understand the path and source contributions of a donor vehicle and key competitor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Create and demonstrate a strategy for practical realisation of the vehicle level target.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The paper concludes with a discussion of the benefits of the approach and summarizes the next steps in the development of the technology and process.&lt;/div&gt;
TableS3 from Modeling High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Using a Combination of <i>In Vivo</i> Fallopian Tube Electroporation and CRISPR-Cas9–Mediated Genome Editing (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table3&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of packages on parasitic coupling among microstrip discontinuities in MMICs (1991)

Abstract MMICs are usually enclosed in a metallic enclosure to protect the circuit from the environment and to provide electrical isolation between different parts of the subsystem. These metallic packaging enclosures support several modes which modify the coupling between various parts of the circuit and, consequently, alter the circuit performance. In this article, a method is developed for evaluating the effect of enclosure on parasitic coupling among microstrip discontinuities. This analysis is based on the modal expansion of electromagnetic fields in rectangular cavities and the multiport network model for evaluation of parasitic coupling between microstrip discontinuities. The procedure developed is suitable for CAD implementation. The proposed method has been applied to evaluate spurious coupling between two microstrip open ends in an enclosure. The results are in fair agreement with full‐wave analysis results.
Reaction of Sulfur with Ga−C Bonds:  Synthesis and Characterization of [PyRGaS]3 Formed from Ga(S2R)3 (R = Et, Me) (1996)

The reactions of Ga(CH(2)CH(3))(3) with variable amounts of elemental sulfur, S(8), in toluene or benzene at different temperatures result in the insertion of sulfur into the Ga-C bonds to form the compounds Ga[(S-S)CH(2)CH(3)](3) (I) and Ga[(S-S-S)CH(2)CH(3)](3) (II). Compound I was isolated from the reaction at low temperature while at room temperature; compound II was the major product. Compound II exhibited the maximum extent of sulfur insertion even when the reactions were carried out with more than 9.0 equiv of sulfur. The reactions of Ga(CH(3))(3) with various amounts of sulfur in toluene or benzene only result in the formation of compound III, Ga[(S-S)CH(3)](3). In pyridine at -30 degrees C, deinsertion of the sulfur atoms from Ga-S-S-C bonds was observed for the first time from compounds I and III resulting in formation of the six-membered Ga-S ring compounds IV, [PyEtGaS](3), and V, [PyMeGaS](3), respectively. Compounds IV and V were characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound IV crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, with a = 9.288(2) Å, b = 14.966(2) Å, c = 19.588(3) Å, beta = 90.690(10) degrees, and Z = 4. Compound V crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, with a = 10.385(1) Å, b = 15.300(2) Å, c = 15.949(2) Å, beta = 107.01(1) degrees, Z = 4, unit cell volume = 2423.5(5) Å(3), R = 0.030, and R(w) = 0.026. The sulfur insertion reaction pathway was investigated by time-dependent and variable-temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy.
Catalyst Additives to Enhance Mercury Oxidation and Capture (2005)

Preliminary research has shown that SCR catalysts employed for nitrogen-oxide reduction can effectively oxidize mercury. This report discusses initial results from fundamental investigations into the behavior of mercury species in the presence of SCR catalysts at Southern Research Institute. Three different SCR catalysts are being studied. These are honeycomb-type, plate-type, and a hybrid-type catalyst. The catalysts are manufactured and supplied by Cormetech Inc., Hitachi America Ltd., and Haldor-Topsoe Inc., respectively. A parametric test matrix was developed for current and future testing. Methods and procedures for experimentally performing this matrix were developed in the previous quarter. The methods and procedures equalize factors influencing mercury adsorption and oxidation (surface area, catalyst activity, and pore structure) that normally differ for each catalyst type. The major effort will be to examine the kinetics of mercury oxidation across the SCR catalysts with respect to changes in mercury concentration and with respect to HCl concentration. Other gases present in SCR systems (NH 3 and SO 3 ) will also be investigated for their effects on mercury oxidation.
Graphene's potential in materials science and engineering (2014)

Materials have become an indispensable part of our modern life, which was tailored such as good mechanical, electrical, thermal properties, establish the basis and fundamentals and the governing rules for every modern technology.
Physical Activity and Exercise Patterns After Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Insights From a Large Multinational Registry (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> The objective of the study was to assess the physical activity (PA) and exercise patterns among participants in a large multinational spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) registry. Patients and Methods: Participants with SCAD enrolled from March 2011 to November 2019 completed surveys including details regarding PA and exercise habits prior to SCAD, and PA counseling received from their provider after SCAD. Demographics and clinical characteristics were collected by electronic record review. Exercise prescribed to patients after SCAD was categorized according to exercise components: type, intensity, frequency, time/session, and extreme environmental conditions. <b>Results:</b> We included 950 participants; mean ± age was 46.8 ± 9.5 years old at the time of first SCAD; most (96.3%) were women and (77.0%) attended ≥1 cardiac rehabilitation session. Hyperlipidemia (34.3%), hypertension (32.8%), and elevated body weight (overweight = 27.0%; obesity = 20.0%) were the most common comorbidities. Prior to SCAD, 48.5% performed aerobic exercise ≥3 times/week, and only 32.0% performed strength-building exercise regularly. PA counseling details after SCAD in 299/950 participants showed that most (93.3%) patients received some form of counseling including exercise prescription (EXP), non-specific recommendations, and discouraged from any exercise. Limits regarding exercise type and intensity were the most common advice among participants who received EXP. <b>Conclusion:</b> Insights from our study suggest that only 48% of the patients performed some aerobic exercise three or more times per week, and 32.0% performed strength-building exercises, which suggest that most of them may not be as active as assumed. Furthermore, 70% of the SCAD patients have ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors. We suggest guiding patients based on individual assessment, taking into consideration baseline PA habits, treatment, and risk factors. SCAD-tailored PA guidelines are needed for optimal EXP without compromising patient safety.