gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of dopamine D2 receptors simultaneously ameliorates various metabolic features of obese women (2006)

The metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic anomalies including insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Previous studies suggest that impaired dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) signaling is involved in its pathogenesis. We studied the acute effects of bromocriptine (a D2R agonist) on energy metabolism in obese women; body weight and caloric intake remained constant. Eighteen healthy, obese women (BMI 33.2 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2), mean age 37.5 +/- 1.7, range 22-51 yr) were studied twice in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle in a prospective, single-blind, crossover design. Subjects received both placebo (P; always first occasion) and bromocriptine (B; always second occasion) on separate occasions for 8 days. At each occasion blood glucose and insulin were assessed every 10 min for 24 h, and circadian plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured hourly. Fuel oxidation was determined by indirect calorimetry. Body weight and composition were not affected by the drug. Mean 24-h blood glucose (P < 0.01) and insulin (P < 0.01) were significantly reduced by bromocriptine, whereas mean 24 h FFA levels were increased (P < 0.01), suggesting that lipolysis was stimulated. Bromocriptine increased oxygen consumption (P = 0.03) and resting energy expenditure (by 50 kcal/day, P = 0.03). Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced by bromocriptine. Thus these results imply that short-term bromocriptine treatment ameliorates various components of the metabolic syndrome while it shifts energy balance away from lipogenesis in obese humans.
Performance characteristics of the microwave-assisted chemical oxygen-iodine laser (2000)

Output power enhancement of Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser (COIL) by pre-dissociation of molecular iodine using a microwave discharge was demonstrated. Two types of approach, transonic operation with grid nozzle and supersonic mixing with ramp nozzle array were tested. In the transonic operation case, a gas velocity at the laser cavity was estimated to be 167 m/s, and I<SUB>2</SUB> dissociation rate was found to be 50%. As a result, 9% of output power enhancement with the microwave pre-dissociation was obtained. In the supersonic injection case, we have initially obtained very poor output power. When we changed the gas flow rates, cavity flow returned to subsonic and we have obtained 284 W output power with 16% of chemical efficiency. No output power enhancement with microwave adoption was observed for ramp nozzle array. It was due to the insufficient dissociation of iodine due to the high stagnation pressure of secondary flow.
Constitutive and inducible type 1 ribosome‐inactivating proteins (RIPs) in elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) (1998)

Two novel highly basic type 1 (single chain) ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) with N-glycosidase activity have been found in elderberries (the fruits of Sambucus nigra L.). Mass spectrometry of these RIPs, which we named nigritins f1 and f2, gave Mr values of 24095 and 23 565, respectively. Both proteins strongly inhibited protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lysates but were inactive against plant ribosomes. Both nigritins have a similar topological activity on pBlueScript SK+ DNA as that displayed by dianthin 30. Nigritin f1 is a constitutive RIP since it is present in both green and mature intact elderberries at nearly the same proportion with respect to total fruit protein. By contrast, nigritin f2 is inducible and only appeared in mature intact elderberries. Elderberries also contain two isoforms of a basic nigrin equivalent to the recently found basic nigrin b in elder bark (De Benito et al., FEBS Letters 413 (1997) 85-91). Our results indicate that probably not all plant RIPs exert the same biological function and that this may be determined by the physiological state of the tissue.
Strengthening Routine Immunization Services in an Angolan Comuna: The Fight against the Burden of Unvaccinated Children in the Sustainable Development Goals Era (2019)

In May 2018, the non-governmental organization (NGO) <i>Doctors with Africa CUAMM</i> began to implement an intervention to strengthen Chiulo Hospital's public health section to deliver immunization services in Mucope <i>Comuna</i>, Ombadja District. We aimed to evaluate the effect of this intervention. During the intervention period, actions such as staff training, improvement in the monitoring of vaccine stockpile, and the involvement of Community Health Workers were performed. The effects of the intervention on the number of vaccine doses administered were examined using negative binomial regression. Doses administered were 14,221 during the intervention period and 11,276 in the pre-intervention one. The number of administered doses was 26% higher (95% CI 9%-45%) in the intervention period than in the pre-intervention period. This was driven by vaccine doses administered during outreach sessions, where a statistically significant increase of 62% (95% CI 28%-107%) was observed. Regarding individual vaccines, statistically significant increases in the number of doses were observed for OPV2 (76%), OPV3 (100%), Penta3 (53%), PCV3 (53%), and Rota2 (43%). The NGO interventions led to improved delivery of immunization services in the study area. Greater increases were observed for vaccine doses that are more likely to be missed by children.
MantissaCam: Learning Snapshot High-dynamic-range Imaging with Perceptually-based In-pixel Irradiance Encoding (2022)

The ability to image high-dynamic-range (HDR) scenes is crucial in many computer vision applications. The dynamic range of conventional sensors, however, is fundamentally limited by their well capacity, resulting in saturation of bright scene parts. To overcome this limitation, emerging sensors offer in-pixel processing capabilities to encode the incident irradiance. Among the most promising encoding schemes is modulo wrapping, which results in a computational photography problem where the HDR scene is computed by an irradiance unwrapping algorithm from the wrapped low-dynamic-range (LDR) sensor image. Here, we design a neural network-based algorithm that outperforms previous irradiance unwrapping methods and we design a perceptually inspired “mantissa,” or log-modulo, encoding scheme that more efficiently wraps an HDR scene into an LDR sensor. Combined with our reconstruction framework, MantissaCam achieves state-of-the-art results among modulo-type snapshot HDR imaging approaches. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method in simulation and show benefits of our algorithm on modulo images captured with a prototype implemented with a programmable sensor.
A Deep Learning Model Integrating FrCN and Residual Convolutional Networks for Skin Lesion Segmentation and Classification (2019)

Automated diagnosis of various skin lesion diseases through medical dermoscopy images is still a very challenging task. In this work, an integrated model for segmentation of skin lesion boundaries and classification of skin lesions is proposed by cascading novel deep learning networks. In the first stage, a novel full resolution convolutional networks (FrCN) is utilized to segment the boundaries of skin lesions from dermoscopy images. Then, the segmented lesions are passed into a deep residual networks (i.e., ResNet-50) for classification. The pre-segmentation process enables ResNet-50 to extract more specific and representative features from skin lesions and use them for improved classification. We have tested and evaluated our diagnostic deep model for skin lesions using the publicly available International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) 2017 challenge dataset which contains three different skin diseases: benign, seborrheic keratosis, and melanoma. The integrated model exhibits its capability to segment the skin lesions with an overall accuracy of 94.03% and an average Jaccard similarity index of 77.11% via FrCN. Meanwhile, the overall prediction accuracy and F1-score of multiple skin lesions classification task via ResNet-50 achieved 81.57% and 75.75%, respectively. The integrated model could be utilized as a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for dermatology.
Synthesis of bifunctional ion‐exchange resins through the Arbusov reaction: Effect on selectivity and kinetics (1994)

Abstract Bifunctional ion‐exchange resins are synthesized from vinylbenzyl chloride—styrne copolymers. The two types of functional groups are introduced by an Arbusov reaction followed by sulfonation. The effect of ligand ratios, macroporosity, and matrix rigidity on the complexation of Eu (III) from solutions of low pH is quantified. It is found that ion complexation kinetics and selectivity are maximized with resins having both sulfonic and phosphonic acid ligands. Maximum metal ion complexation rates depend on a balance between chemical interactions (i.e., a bifunctional network interacting with a given substrate through an access and a recognition mechanism) and physical parameters (i.e., matrix porosity and rigidity). Structural integrity must be maintained through an appropriate crosslink level in order for the advantage of bifunctionality to be maintained in low‐pH solutions. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Reducing PNS with minimal performance penalties via simple pulse sequence modifications on a high-performance compact 3T scanner (2020)

One of the major concerns associated with high-performance gradients is peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the subject during MRI exams. Since the installation, more than 680 volunteer subjects (patients and controls) have been scanned on a compact 3 T MRI system with high-performance gradients, capable of 80 mT m<sup>-1</sup> gradient amplitude and 700 T m<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> slew rate simultaneously. Despite PNS concerns associated with the high-performance gradients, due to the smaller physical dimensions of the gradient coils, minimal or no PNS sensation was reported with most pulse sequences. The exception was PNS reported by only five of 252 subjects (about 2%) scanned with a specific 3D fast spin echo pulse sequence (3DFLAIR). Rather than derating the entire system performance across all pulse sequences and all gradient lobes, we addressed reported PNS effect with a simple and specific modification to the targeted lobes of the problematic pulse sequence. in addition, the PNS convolutional model was adapted to predict sequence-specific PNS threshold level and its reduction after derating. The effectiveness of the targeted pulse sequence modification was demonstrated by successfully re-scanning four of the subjects who previously reported PNS sensations without further reported PNS. The pulse sequence modification did not result in noticeable degradation of image quality or substantial increase in scan time. The results demonstrated that PNS was rarely reported on the compact 3 T, and when it was, utilizing a specific modification of the gradient waveform causing PNS was an effective strategy, rather than derating the performance of the entire gradient system.
Collaborative thesaurus tagging the Wikipedia way (2006)

This paper explores the system of categories that is used to classify articles in Wikipedia. It is compared to collaborative tagging systems like del.icio.us and to hierarchical classification like the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Specifics and commonalitiess of these systems of subject indexing are exposed. Analysis of structural and statistical properties (descriptors per record, records per descriptor, descriptor levels) shows that the category system of Wikimedia is a thesaurus that combines collaborative tagging and hierarchical subject indexing in a special way.
Objective Color Measurements (2012)

Color measurements are an essential part of scar evaluation. Thus, vascularization (erythema) and pigmentation (melanin) are common outcome parameters in scar research. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinimetric properties and clinical feasibility of the Mexameter, Colorimeter, and the DSM II ColorMeter for objective measurements on skin and scars. Fifty scars with a mean age of 6 years (2 months to 53 years) were included. Reliability was tested using the single-measure interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient. Validity was determined by measuring the Pearson correlation with the Fitzpatrick skin type classification (for skin) and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (for scar tissue). All three instruments provided reliable readings (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.83; confidence interval: 0.71-0.90) on normal skin and scar tissue. Parameters with the highest correlations with the Fitzpatrick classification were melanin (Mexameter), 0.72; ITA (Colorimeter), -0.74; and melanin (DSM II), 0.70. On scars, the highest correlations with the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale vascularization scores were the following: erythema (Mexameter), 0.59; LAB2 (Colorimeter), 0.69; and erythema (DSM II), 0.66. For hyperpigmentation, the highest correlations were melanin (Mexameter), 0.75; ITA (Colorimeter), -0.80; and melanin (DSM II), 0.83. This study shows that all three instruments can provide reliable color data on skin and scars with a single measurement. The authors also demonstrated that they can assist in objective skin type classification. For scar assessment, the most valid parameters in each instrument were identified.
IBM POWER6 microprocessor physical design and design methodology (2007)

The IBM POWER6™ microprocessor is a 790 million-transistor chip that runs at a clock frequency of greater than 4 GHz. The complexity and size of the POWER6 microprocessor, together with its high operating frequency, present a number of significant challenges. This paper describes the physical design and design methodology of the POWER6 processor. Emphasis is placed on aspects of the design methodology, technology, clock distribution, integration, chip analysis, power and performance, random logic macro (RLM), and design data management processes that enabled the design to be completed and the project goals to be met.
Residue Analysis on Implants (2006)

Abstract Process agent residues on implant surfaces have become the center of attention after implant failures that were clearly attributed to problems of contamination and cleanliness during manufacturing. The success of modern implants depends strongly on the quality control after manufacturing since a minor degree of contamination may generate increased inflammation of the wound. Therefore, process and quality control requires tools to identify and quantify contaminations on implant surfaces. We evaluated a series of analytical methods, including gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis, thin layer chromatography, total organic carbon, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, regarding their suitability for the different type of residues. The focus was put on extraction of soluble non-polar organic agents and subsequent analysis. All methods were assessed with internal standard contamination oil that contains a variety of surface-active agents used in common commercial cutting oils and emulsions for medical device machining.
Z driver post-hole convolute studies utilizing mykonos-V voltage adder (2013)

Summary form only given. The modern high current, high voltage pulsed accelerators utilize vacuum-post-hole convolutes to add the current of a number of parallel self Magnetic Insulated Transmission Lines (MITL) to a single one located very close to the centrally located load.
Development of a New High Throughput 120 kV-TEM (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
Structure and function of mammalian sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (2000)

This review focuses on the advances made in recent years in the understanding of the multivitamin transporter, a unique and important transporter that transports not one but three different unrelated water-soluble vitamins namely, pantothenate, biotin and lipoate. The transport process mediated by the transporter is active and is energized by the transmembrane sodium ion gradient as well as the membrane potential. The transporter belongs to the sodium-coupled glucose transporter family. The ubiquitous expression of this transporter in mammalian tissues and the fact that it is highly conserved across the species indicate the nutritional relevance and importance of this transporter.
PP.07.28 (2015)

Objective: Fimasartan is a new antihypertensive drug which blocks AT-1 receptor selectively. It exhibited a potent antihypertensive effect and quick onset of the effect. We investigated antihypertensive effect of 60 and 120 mg of Fimasartan and its safety in comparison with 8 mg of Candesartan. Design and method: After 2 weeks’ placebo run-in period, 290 patients with mild to moderate hypertension (diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 90 ∼ 110 mmHg) aged from 19 to 75 years old were randomly assigned to 60 mg, 120 mg daily of Fimasartan or 8 mg daily of Candesartan. They were administered for 12 weeks without dosage adjustment. Primary endpoint was difference in changes of DBP from baseline at 12 weeks. Results: After 12 weeks’ treatment, DBP and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were decreased significantly in all 3 groups. The decrease of DBP at 12 weeks was larger, but not statistically significant, in Fimasartan 60 mg compared with the Candesartan 8 mg group with the difference of 1.72 ± 8.32 mmHg (95% confidence interval, -0.71∼ 4.15 mmHg, p = 0.16). Lower margin of the confidence interval, -0.71 mmHg, exceeded the pre-defined non-inferiority margin, -3.0 mmHg. DBP lowering effect of Fimasartan 120 mg was also non-significantly larger than the candesartan 8 mg (difference, 1.58 ± 8.27 mmHg, p = 0.20). The decrease of SBP was also non-significantly larger in Fimasartan 60 mg compared with the candesartan 8 mg group (difference, 3.50 ± 12.63 mmHg, p = 0.06). However, SBP lowering effect of the Fimasartan 120 mg was statistically larger than the candesartan 8 mg (difference 4.98 ± 13.99 mmHg, p = 0.02). Responder rate (DBP < 90 mmHg or DBP lowering > 10 mmHg at 12 weeks) was also non-significantly greater in both Fimasartan groups (Fimsartan 60 mg, 81%; Fimasartan 120 mg, 72%; Candesartan 8 mg, 71%). Safety profile of the Fimasartan 60 mg and 120 mg was similar to candesartan 8 mg, with slightly higher, but statistically not significant, incidence of hepatic enzyme elevation in Fimasartan 120 mg. Conclusions: Fimasartan, a newly available AT-1 receptor blocker, is an effective antihypertensive agent, comparable to candesartan, with good safety profile.
Effets de traitements au plasma à barrière diélectrique dans l'air ambiant sur la germination et la surface de deux graines de Brassicacées : Arabidopsis thaliana et Camelina sativa (2021)

International audience
The bladder under pressure: A novel vision of bladder emptying evaluation. Editorial comment on “Computational fluid dynamics simulation of male voiding: A novel method using real‐time magnetic resonance image” (2016)

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Comparison of the constant flow and occlusion methods for assessment of bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs (1989)

Assessments of total respiratory compliance (C) and conductance (G) with the constant inspiratory flow and the occlusion methods were compared in the basal state and during histamine or serotonin induced bronchoconstriction in 22 normal, anaesthetized, paralysed, mechanically ventilated guinea-pigs. In the basal state, no significant difference was found between the C and G values measured by both methods. During drug-induced bronchoconstriction, small but significant differences were observed between the respiratory parameters measured by the two methods, and expressed as the percentage ratio (R) to the corresponding basal values (respectively RCCF and RCOC, and RGCF and RGOC). This discrepancy, which was independent of the drug and of the dose, was probably attributable to a modification of the visco elastic properties of the lung due to either the mechanical ventilation or the infused drug. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that both methods can be considered as equivalent for bronchoconstriction assessment because very strong correlations were found between RCCF and RCOC (r = 0.96, p less than 0.001) and between RGCF and RGOC (r = 0.97, p less than 0.001), and because the slopes of the linear relationships were not significantly different from unity in both cases.
Pathobiology of Neutrophil Transepithelial Migration: Implications in Mediating Epithelial Injury (2006)

Neutrophil (also known as polymorphonuclear leukocyte, or PMN) transepithelial migration and accumulation at mucosal surfaces is a hallmark of many inflammatory conditions. This process correlates directly with clinical disease activity and epithelial injury. Currently, the mechanisms that define PMN epithelial interactions during an inflammatory response are not completely understood. This review provides an overview of the consequences of PMN infiltration into epithelial tissues and highlights molecular details of PMN epithelial interactions during transmigration. A better understanding of this process will likely provide new insights into developing organ-specific treatment strategies to reduce the deleterious consequences of epithelial inflammation.
Combinations of Nonselective Herbicides for Difficult to Control Weeds in No-Till Corn,Zea mays, and Soybeans,Glycine max (1988)

The combination of glyphosate and 2,4-D at various rates was evaluated for controlling existing weeds at planting in no-till corn and soybeans. Herbicide combinations in soybeans also included paraquat plus 2,4-D, linuron, or diuron. Standard treatments included glyphosate (0.6 and 1.1 kg ae/ha) and paraquat (0.3 and 0.6 kg ai/ha), and 2,4-D (0.6 kg ae/ha) alone. For corn, the addition of 2,4-D to glyphosate did not improve weed control, although the addition of 2,4-D to paraquat did improve horseweed control. Corn yield with the herbicide combinations was higher than that for the nonselective herbicides alone. Although initial weed control was good in soybeans, weed regrowth in all paraquat alone treatments was substantial, especially with horseweed. The addition of 2,4-D to paraquat improved control of horseweed and tall morningglory. The addition of linuron or diuron to paraquat improved horseweed and common ragweed control, whereas the addition of 2,4-D to glyphosate improved the control of tall morningglory but not the other weed species. Generally, after 4 weeks, all glyphosate treatments provided better horseweed control than all paraquat treatments. Paraquat plus either linuron or diuron and glyphosate alone or in combination with 2,4-D gave the highest soybean yields.