gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An ultrastructural study of the regenerating breast feather of the fowl (1978)

The developmental morphology of regenerating male breast feathers of the jungle fowl was studied at the ultrastructural level. The process of keratinization was observed in the three types of cells which form feather barbs: barbule cells, cortical cells, and medulla cells. Keratinization first became evident in the barbule cells and resembled the process of keratinization as observed in hair cortical cells and embryonic down feathers. Eventually the whole cytoplasmic area of the barbule cell was occupied by keratin. The barb cortex cells became keratinized in a similar fashion as the barbule cells but not until they were developmentally twice as old as the barbule cells. When keratinization was complete in these cells, the keratin was in the form of large agglomerates scattered in the cytoplasm. The barb medulla cells showed no obvious signs of keratinization until they were developmentally three times as old as the barbule cells. Keratin filament bundles were first seen near the plasma membranes of the medulla cells. Large empty vacuoles appeared in the cytoplasm which also contained moderate amounts of glycogen.
Chain length variation to probe the mechanism of accelerator additives in copper electrodeposition (2019)

We evaluate the effect of chain length for a series of alkyl sulfonic acid additives on Cu electrodeposition by using a combination of electrochemical and Raman spectroscopic methods. Rotating disk linear sweep voltammetry revealed the influence of these additives on the bulk concentration of Cu+ and on the exchange current densities of the reduction of Cu2+/Cu+ and Cu+/Cu. We then used in situ shell-isolated, nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to correlate the additives' effects on deposition kinetics with their chemical structures at the electrode surface. The combination of these methods suggests that effective Cu electrodeposition acceleration processes require: (1) direct tethering of mercaptoalkylsulfonate species to the electrode, (2) partial desolvation of Cu2+ by the sulfonate group to minimize its solvent reorganization energy, and (3) stabilization of Cu+ adjacent to the electrode surface by addition of halide. The model provides support for recently proposed theories for the electrodeposition of metals where charge is carried across the electrode interface by the cation, rather than the electron.
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2-sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase activity in dendritic cells (2015)

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. A variety of cells express LRRK2 including neurons and dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells linking innate and adaptive immunity. Most recently, LRRK2 has been shown to up-regulate Na+/Ca2+-exchanger activity in DCs. The elimination of Ca2+ by Na+/Ca2+-exchangers requires maintenance of the Na+ gradient by the Na+/K+-ATPase. The present study thus explored whether LRRK2 impacts on Na+/K+-ATPase expression and function. To this end DCs were isolated from gene-targeted mice lacking lrrk2 (lrrk2-/-) and their wild-type littermates (lrrk2+/+). Na+/K+-ATPase activity was estimated from K+ induced, ouabain sensitive, current determined by whole cell patch clamp. Na+/K+-ATPase α1 subunit transcript and protein levels were determined by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. As a result, the K+ induced current was significantly smaller in lrrk2-/- than in lrrk2+/+DCs and was completely abolished by ouabain (100 µM) in both genotypes. The K+ induced, ouabain sensitive, current was in lrrk2+/+ DCs significantly blunted by the LRRK2 inhibitor GSK2578215A (1 µM, 24 hours). The Na+/K+-ATPase α1 subunit transcript and protein levels were significantly lower in lrrk2-/- than in Lrrk2+/+DCs and significantly decreased by the LRRK2 inhibitor GSK2578215A (1 µM, 24 hours). In conclusion, LRRK2 is a powerful regulator of Na+/K+-ATPase expression and activity.
Effective treatment of metastatic cancer by an innovative intratumoral alpha particle-mediated radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy: A short review (2020)

Abstract Alpha radiation is a lethal form of radiation whose short range limits its use for cancer treatment. A unique intra-tumoral alpha radiation-based tumor ablation treatment termed Diffusing Alpha emitters Radiation Therapy (DaRT) was developed and tested for tumor ablation and stimulation of anti-tumor immunity. Radium-224 loaded wires (Alpha DaRT seeds) are inserted into the tumors and release by recoil short-lived alpha-emitting atoms. These atoms disperse in the tumor at least 5 mm from the source and spray it with highly destructive alpha radiation. DaRT was found to destroy solid malignant tumors experimental animals and in patients with cutaneous malignancies. Tumor destruction resulted in activation of specific antitumor immunity. DaRT provides, for the first time, an efficient method for treatment of the entire volume of solid tumors by alpha radiation, and could be used not only as a local treatment but also as a therapeutic strategy to induce strong systemic antitumor immune responses, which will eliminate residual disease and metastases in distant sites. This combined treatment modality holds significant potential for the treatment of non-resectable human cancers.
Internal State of Monkey Primary Visual Cortex (V1) Predicts Figure–Ground Perception (2003)

When stimulus information enters the visual cortex, it is rapidly processed for identification. However, sometimes the processing of the stimulus is inadequate and the subject fails to notice the stimulus. Human psychophysical studies show that this occurs during states of inattention or absent-mindedness. At a neurophysiological level, it remains unclear what these states are. To study the role of cortical state in perception, we analyzed neural activity in the monkey primary visual cortex before the appearance of a stimulus. We show that, before the appearance of a reported stimulus, neural activity was stronger and more correlated than for a not-reported stimulus. This indicates that the strength of neural activity and the functional connectivity between neurons in the primary visual cortex participate in the perceptual processing of stimulus information. Thus, to detect a stimulus, the visual cortex needs to be in an appropriate state.
Optimization of Horizontal Well-Completion Design With Cased/Perforated or Slotted Liner Completions (2007)

Summary A well completion is a critical interface between the productive formation and the wellbore. An effective completion must maintain the mechanical integrity of the borehole without creating any significant restrictions on the flow capacity of the well. In this paper, a process is outlined to design optimal completions for horizontal wells by applying comprehensive skin-factor models that include damage and turbulence effects for all common types of completions. Slotted or perforated liner, cased, perforated, or gravel-pack completions have been used in horizontal wells for borehole stability and sand-control purposes. However, these completions may have lower productivity (as characterized by a positive skin) relative to an equivalent openhole completion, because the convergent flow to perforations or slots increases fluid velocity in the near-well vicinity. In addition, any reduced permeability zones (formation damage caused by drilling, completion, or other processes) magnify the convergent flow effects and therefore may result in substantially increased skin factors. Compound effects of formation damage around the well completion, a crushed zone because of perforating, plugging of slots, and turbulent flow, as well as interactions among these effects, are included in the model. This paper illustrates how to use skin factor models to screen the available completion types for cased/perforated and slotted liner completions. This screening approach considers reservoir permeability, permeability anisotropy, fluid properties, formation damage effects, and rock mechanical characteristics as the key parameters. The types of completion that yield the most productive well performance for this matrix of properties are presented. A more detailed completion design is then illustrated by showing how the skin-factor models were used to redesign the slot configuration of liner completions for viscous oil reservoirs on the North Slope of Alaska. Application of the slotted or perforated liner models to the readily available liners showed that the completion skin factor can vary by as much as 40%, depending on the detailed characteristics of the slots or perforations in the liner (slot or perforation size, density, and distribution). The example showed that optimizing the performance of the completion can increase well productivity at little or no cost and with no loss in liner mechanical strength.
New Constrained Least Squares Approach For Range-Based Positioning (2011)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Barcelona, Spain, 2011
Runtime Verification by Convergent Formula Progression (2014)

Runtime verification is a dynamic verification technique widely used in practice. In this paper we revisit the runtime verification technique with formula progression, which verifies the execution trace step by step by progressing the desired property written in temporal logic. The previous work did not discuss explicitly the bound for the sizes of expanded formulas, while the successive invoking of formula progression is likely to cause divergence. In this paper, we present the convergent formula progression by introducing a novel fix-point reduction technique, and prove it guarantees the sizes of expanded formulas be always convergent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work discussing the convergence of formula progression. Furthermore, we implement the new runtime verification framework, and experiments show the efficiency of our proposed strategy.
A p19Arf and Aurka mediated G2/M arrest prevents oncogenic transformation of p53 deficient hepatocytes (2013)

The tumor suppressor protein p19Arf (p14 in human) is known as an important linker between oncogenic induction and activation of p53. However, also p53 independent functions of p19Arf are under discussion. To identify tumor suppressive networks of p19Arf and p53 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we established a new approach to deliver oncogenes and marker genes in combination with shRNAmir induced gene knockdown into murine hepatocytes via transposable elements.
Synthesis, Discovery, and Separation of the Atropisomers of CP-465,022 (2002)

The total synthesis of CP-465,022 is described. This former drag candidate exists as two separable rotational isomers (atropisomers). The discovery and separation of these rotational isomers is described, as well as the methodology used to prepare the pyridyl sidechain and the quinazolinone nucleus. Testing showed that the desired biological activity existed in just one of the atropisomers.
Isolation and characterization of chromosome-gain and increase-in-ploidy mutants in yeast. (1993)

We have developed a colony papillation assay for monitoring the copy number of genetically marked chromosomes II and III in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The unique feature of this assay is that it allows detection of a gain of the marked chromosomes even if there is a gain of the entire set of chromosomes (increase-in-ploidy). This assay was used to screen for chromosome-gain or increase-in-ploidy mutants. Five complementation groups have been defined for recessive mutations that confer an increase-in-ploidy (ipl) phenotype, which, in each case, cosegregates with a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype. Four new alleles of CDC31, which is required for spindle pole body duplication, were also recovered from this screen. Temperature-shift experiments with ipl1 cells show that they suffer severe nondisjunction at 37 degrees. Similar experiments with ipl2 cells show that they gain entire sets of chromosomes and become arrested as unbudded cells at 37 degrees. Molecular cloning and genetic mapping show that IPL1 is a newly identified gene, whereas IPL2 is allelic to BEM2, which is required for normal bud growth.
Physico‐optical properties of a crosslinked hyaluronic acid scaffold for biomedical applications (2017)

ABSTRACT Optical techniques are increasingly employed for monitoring cell–matrix interactions in suitably prepared 3D scaffolds. The ability of designing and realizing synthetic extracellular matrix with well‐controlled optical properties is a crucial need in this field. For this purpose, a crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffold is prepared. Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies enable to monitor the scaffold preparation process and to evidence scaffold high transparency and low fluorescence in the visible range. 3D optical characteristics of the HA scaffold are tested by two‐photon microscopy (TPM) imaging of embedded fluorescent microbeads and alive keratinocytes labeled with vital PKH67 dye at different depths from the scaffold surface. Some useful indications about the potentiality of TPM measurements for the determination of attenuation coefficient of turbid media are also reported. Moreover, the use of the presented HA scaffold for preparing tissue phantoms for fluorescence imaging or diffuse imaging is proposed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45243.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Extracts of Green Tea Polyphenols (2005)

Crude extracts of phenolic compounds were prepared from seven Chinese green tea preparations. The contents of individual catechins were chromatographed and quantified in all extracts by HPLC, while the proanthocyanidins fraction was isolated by column chromatography. The content of total catechins ranged from 38.5 to 82.2%, with EGCG being dominant in six of the extracts; EGC was found to be the main catechin in the remaining preparation. The antioxidant activity of crude extracts, the proanthocyanidins fraction and a reconstituted mixture from catechin standards were evaluated in a meat model system. The % inhibition of TBARS development varied from 27.9 to 55.7% (i.e., based on extract addition of 25 ppm), 62.6 to 88.7% (i.e., 50 ppm), 78.7 to 100% (i.e., 100 ppm) and 94.3 to 100% (i.e., 200 ppm). The proanthocyanidins fraction was less active relative to the crude extract from which it was derived. Results from experiments with the reconstituted mixture of catechins show that there are other constituents present in green tea extract (GTE) which impart antioxidant activity or, at least, exert a synergistic effect with the endogenous catechins. Antimicrobial activity was observed for all extract preparations using a TYSG broth model. Minimum inhibitory concentration data indicated that all extracts possessed marked antimicrobial activity against the Salmonella Typhimurium strain used in this study, whereas intermediate activity was observed against the Pseudomonas fragi, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus plantarum strains used in this study.
Long-Range Nanometer-Scale Organization of Semifluorinated Alkane Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface (2011)

We have determined the structure formed at the air-water interface by semifluorinated alkanes (C(8)F(17)C(m)H(2m+1) diblocks, F8Hm for short) for different lengths of the molecule (m = 14, 16, 18, 20) by using surface pressure versus area per molecule isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and grazing incidence x-ray experiments (GISAXS and GIXD). The behavior of the monolayers of diblocks under compression is mainly characterized by a phase transition from a low-density phase to a condensed phase. The nonzero surface pressure phase is crystalline and exhibits two hexagonal lattices at two different scales: a long-range-order lattice of a few tens of nanometers lateral parameter and a molecular array of about 0.6 nm parameter. The extent of this organization is sufficiently large to impact larger scale behavior. Analysis of the various compressibilities evidences the presence of non organized molecules in the monolayer for all 2D pressures. At room temperature, the self-assembled structure appears generic for all the F8Hm investigated.
Therapeutically Effective Controlled Release Formulation of Pirfenidone from Nontoxic Biocompatible Carboxymethyl Pullulan-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (2018)

The present study was conducted to develop therapeutically effective controlled release formulation of pirfenidone (PFD) and explore the possibility to reduce the total administered dose and dosing regimen. For this purpose, pH-sensitive biomaterial was prepared by inducing carboxymethyl group on pullulan by Williamson ether synthesis reaction, and further, interpenetrating polymeric network microspheres were prepared by glutaraldehyde-assisted water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion cross-linking method, which showed higher swelling ratio in acidic and basic pH. The formation of microspheres was confirmed by different spectral characterization techniques, and thermal kinetic study indicated the formation of thermally stable microspheres. Cell viability and biocompatibility studies on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell showed the polymeric matrix to be biocompatible. In vitro dissolution of optimized formulation (F5) showed releases of 54.09 and 76.37% in 0.1 N HCl after 2 h and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) up to 8 h, respectively. In vivo performances of prepared microsphere and marketed product of PFD were compared in rabbit. <i>T</i> <sub>max</sub> (time taken to reach peak plasma concentration) was found to be achieved at 0.83 h, compared to 0.5 h for Pirfenex with no significant difference complementing the immediate action, while area under curve was significantly greater for optimized formulation (9768 ± 1300 ng h/mL) compared to Pirfenex (4311 ± 110 ng h/mL), complementing the sustained action. In vivo pharmacokinetic study suggested that the prepared microsphere could be a potential candidate for therapeutically effective controlled delivery of PFD used in dyspnea and cough management due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
A Molecular Dynamics Test of the Different Stability of Crystal Polymorphs under Thermal Strain (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Molecular Dynamics Test of the Different Stability of Crystal Polymorphs under Thermal StrainA. GavezzottiView Author Information Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica, University of Milano via Venezian 21, Milano, Italy Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 43, 10724–10725Publication Date (Web):October 14, 2000Publication History Received18 February 2000Published online14 October 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/ja000588+Copyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (30 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Crystals,Energy,Lattices,Melting Get e-Alerts
An efficient synthesis of LTD4 antagonist L-699,392 (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn efficient synthesis of LTD4 antagonist L-699,392A. O. King, E. G. Corley, R. K. Anderson, R. D. Larsen, T. R. Verhoeven, P. J. Reider, Y. B. Xiang, M. Belley, Y. Leblanc, and Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 14, 3731–3735Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00066a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00066a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2129Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
d-Mannose-Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Stem Cell Labeling (2007)

New surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles were developed by precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts with ammonium hydroxide according to two methods. In the first method, precipitation was done in the presence of D-mannose solution (in situ coating); the second method involved oxidation of precipitated magnetite with sodium hypochlorite followed by addition of D-mannose solution (postsynthesis coating). Selected nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), elemental analysis, dynamic light scattering, infrared (IR), X-ray powder analysis, and ultrasonic spectrometry. While the first preparation method produced very fine nanoparticles ca. 2 nm in diameter, the second one yielded ca. 6 nm particles. Addition of D-mannose after synthesis did not affect the iron oxide particle size. UV-vis spectroscopy suggested that D-mannose suppresses the nonspecific sorption of serum proteins from DMEM culture medium on magnetic nanoparticles. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rMSCs) were labeled with uncoated and d-mannose-modified iron oxide nanoparticles and with Endorem (Guerbet, France; control). Optical and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of D-mannose-modified iron oxide nanoparticles inside the cells. D-mannose-modified nanoparticles crossed the cell membranes and were internalized well by the cells. Relaxivity measurements of labeled cells in gelatin revealed very high relaxivities only for postsynthesis D-mannose-coated iron oxide nanoparticles.