gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model for separating the contributions of non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter to light absorption by seawater (2019)

We evaluated the performance of a recently developed absorption partitioning model [J. Geophys. Res. Oceans120, 2601 (2015)JGRCEY0148-022710.1002/2014JC010604] that derives the spectral absorption coefficients of non-algal particles, <i>a</i> <sub><i>N</i> <i>A</i> <i>P</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>), and colored dissolved organic matter, <i>a</i> <sub><i>g</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>), from the total absorption coefficient of seawater. The model's performance was found unsatisfactory when the model was tested with a large dataset of absorption measurements from diverse open-ocean and coastal aquatic environments. To address these limitations, we developed a new model based on a different approach for estimating <i>a</i> <sub><i>N</i> <i>A</i> <i>P</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>) and <i>a</i> <sub><i>g</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>) from the sum of these two coefficients, <i>a</i> <sub><i>d</i> <i>g</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>), within the visible spectral region. The very good overall performance of the model is demonstrated, with no tendency for bias and relatively small absolute differences (the median ≤20<i>%</i>) between the model-derived and measured values of <i>a</i> <sub><i>N</i> <i>A</i> <i>P</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>) and <i>a</i> <sub><i>g</i></sub> (<i>λ</i>) over a wide range of aquatic environments.
Intraperitoneal insulin delivery provides superior glycaemic regulation to subcutaneous insulin delivery in model predictive control‐based fully‐automated artificial pancreas in patients with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study (2017)

Glycaemic regulation with fully-automated AP delivering IP insulin was superior to that with SC insulin delivery. This pilot study provides proof-of-concept for an AP system combining a ZMPC algorithm with IP insulin delivery.
Eliminating-highest-error and fastest-metric-descent criteria and iterative algorithms for bit-synchronous CDMA multiuser detection (2002)

In this paper, the approach of iterative, metric descent algorithms to bit-synchronous CDMA multiuser detection is proposed. An iterative algorithm in the sequential flip mode is presented. Then the fastest-metric-descent (FMD) and eliminating-highest-error (EHE) criteria are proposed for the determination of the bit to be flipped at each time. The FMD criterion achieves the largest amount of metric descent at each bit flip, while the EHE criterion achieves the highest probability that the bit flip is correct. In perfect power control, the FMD and EHE criteria are equivalent. Two algorithms under the FMD and EHE criteria are proposed for matched filter outputs. The EHE based algorithm for decorrelating noise whitening filter outputs is also proposed. It is shown that in a finite number of bit flips the proposed four algorithms converge to fixed points. It is also shown that these fixed points are local minimum points of the metric, and vice versa. When a user is strong enough, it approaches the single user bound. If the signature waveforms are orthogonal, all users achieve the single user bound. Simulation results show that the FMD and EHE based algorithms have improved performance. The proposed algorithms are attractive in the near-far situation. They have linear computational complexity per demodulated bit in the number of users and are suitable for implementation in Hopfield neural networks for fast parallel computation.
Risk Adjustment for Quality Improvement (1999)

We can learn what is achievable with current technologies by comparing our neonatal intensive care unit outcomes with others. Because neonatal intensive care units may vary with respect to their case-mix, risk adjustment is essential to making fair comparisons in any research that does not equalize risks through randomization. Risk adjustment first requires strict definition of each specific outcome. Then each risk factor is measured and weighted accordingly. Severity of illness scores are a special form of risk adjustment. The leading newborn illness severity scores rely on physiology-based items from bedside vital signs and laboratory tests. The mechanics of score development are discussed including item selection, definition, collection, and potential biases. The process of weighting risk factors usually involves building multivariate models. Issues of derivation, validation, discrimination, calibration, and reliability affect the utility of all scores. Once a comparison is appropriately risk-adjusted, there are important cautions about interpretation, including the source of the reference (benchmark) population, sample size, and biases from incomplete risk adjustment. Nonetheless, these findings can spur quality improvement efforts that can lead to dramatic, system-wide improvements in outcomes.
Morphological, clinical and molecular characteristics in ARID1a‑deficient microsatellite‑stable oesophageal adenocarcinoma (2023)

Publications describe the relevance of the AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (<i>ARID1a</i>) mutation in gastric adenocarcinoma, which occurs predominantly in the microsatellite instable (MSI)- and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated subtypes. It is unclear whether potential therapeutic, prognostic or morphologic descriptions are not epiphenomena of MSI (or EBV). Since personalised therapeutics are largely lacking for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), clinical trials investigating the efficacy of these therapeutics specifically in this subgroup are useful. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study analysing the relevant tumour subset of microsatellite-stable (MSS) EAC with loss of function of ARID1a. A total of 875 patients with EAC and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analysed. Statistical analyses associating previously known molecular characteristics of the present tumour cohort, overall survival, morphological growth patterns and tumour heterogeneity issues were considered. Subsequently, 10% of EAC were <i>ARID1a</i>-deficient, the majority of which were MSS (7.5%). There was no characteristic growth pattern. Approximately 60% of tumours were PD-L1 positive to varying degrees. <i>TP53</i> mutations occurred together with ARID1a defective EAC in the present cohort and in the TCGA collective. The extent of 7.5% MSS-EAC with ARID1a loss was unaffected by neoadjuvant therapy. ARID1a loss was often detected to be homogeneous (92%). ARID1a loss is not an epiphenomenon of MSI in EAC. The high homogeneity of ARID1a loss tumour clones could be considered an argument for the effectiveness of potential therapeutics. Since the majority of genomic <i>ARID1a</i> alterations result in protein loss, immunohistochemistry is a useful screening technique, especially in the absence of morphological characteristics.
In Vitro Binding of Benzo[a]pyrene by Extruded Potato Peels (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn Vitro Binding of Benzo[a]pyrene by Extruded Potato PeelsMary E. Camire, Jianxin Zhao, Michael P. Dougherty, and Rodney J. BushwayCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 4, 970–973Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00052a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00052a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract 442: Loss of Kiaa1462 , a Coronary Artery Disease Associated Gene, Decreases Atherosclerosis (2018)

Introduction: KIAA1462 is the only coding gene in a chromosome 10 genomic locus consistently associated with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in Genome Wide Association Studies. KIAA1462 has no recognizable functional domains and little homology to other protein families, but has been previously implicated in endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We used a murine knock out (KO) model to investigate the role of Kiaa1462 in the development of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results: Kiaa1462 global KO mice were generated by replacing exon 3 with a reporter/selection cassette harbouring LacZ. Kiaa1462 KO mice bred normally with offspring born in the expected Mendelian ratio. X-gal staining of aortas showed Kiaa1462 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelial cells. This was confirmed by qRT-PCR with expression of Kiaa1462 observed in both isolated endothelial cells and VSMC from WT but not KO mice. Loss of Kiaa1462 did not alter blood pressure or heart rate. Furthermore, no difference in vascular contractile function, or either endothelial cell dependent or independent dilation in the aorta was observed between WT and KO mice. To assess the role of Kiaa1462 in the development of atherosclerosis we crossed Kiaa1462 KO mice with hyperlipidaemic ApoE -/- mice. Heterozygous breeding pairs were used to generate matched WT, heterozygous and homozygous KO mice. On an ApoE -/- background Kiaa1462 KO mice were no longer born at the expected Mendelian ratio with a significant (~50%) decrease in KO mice alive 21 days after birth. Surviving KO mice were indistinguishable from their littermates with no difference in body or organ weight observed. Atherosclerosis was assessed after high fat feeding for 10 weeks (6 to 16wk of age). Loss of Kiaa1462 caused a significant decrease in plaque burden in the aortic root of both male and female KO mice vs. WT mice, with no difference observed between WT and heterozygous KO mice. Despite the decrease in plaque size there was no significant difference in macrophage or collagen content between genotypes. Conclusions: Our findings support that Kiaa1462 a GWAS gene candidate plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis.
Improved Risk Stratification by Circulating Tumor Cell Counts in Pancreatic Cancer (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating diseases with a 5-year survival rate of 3% to 5%. Here, we investigated whether circulating tumor cells (CTC) may predict metastatic spread and survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Experimental Design: In a prospective study, we enrolled 69 pancreatic cancer patients. In peripheral blood, CTCs were identified by MACS enrichment (anti-cytokeratin/anti-EpCam) and subsequent automated analysis after combined anti-cytokeratin/anti-CD45/DAPI staining. CTC results were correlated to established clinicopathologic risk factors, detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow, and clinical outcome (follow-up time: 48 months). Results: Median patient survival was 11 months (0–48 months). Thirty-eight patients were male and 31 were female, and the majority received gemcitabine (58/69). CTCs were present in 23 of 69 patients (33.3%) ranging from 1 to 19 cells (17 with &amp;gt;1 CTC). Although clinicopathologic parameters and DTC status did not correlate with CTC incidence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly reduced in CTC-positive patients in univariate (P = 0.009, PFS; P = 0.030, OS, both log rank) and multivariate analysis [HR = 4.543; confidence interval (CI), 1.549–13.329; P = 0.006, PFS; HR = 2.093; CI, 1.081–4.050; P = 0.028, OS, both Cox regression). Also within patients receiving chemotherapy, PFS was significantly reduced in CTC-positive patients in univariate (P = 0.013) and multivariate (HR = 4.203; CI, 1.416–12.471; P = 0.010) analysis. Conclusions: CTCs affect the outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer independent from other risk factors, including patients receiving (adjuvant) cytotoxic therapy. CTC stratification may allow a better upfront identification of patients with a longer lifespan who might profit from new adjuvant therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2844–50. ©2018 AACR.
Granzyme A Deficiency Breaks Immune Tolerance and Promotes Autoimmune Diabetes Through a Type I Interferon–Dependent Pathway (2017)

Granzyme A is a protease implicated in the degradation of intracellular DNA. Nucleotide complexes are known triggers of systemic autoimmunity, but a role in organ-specific autoimmune disease has not been demonstrated. To investigate whether such a mechanism could be an endogenous trigger for autoimmunity, we examined the impact of granzyme A deficiency in the NOD mouse model of autoimmune diabetes. Granzyme A deficiency resulted in an increased incidence in diabetes associated with accumulation of ssDNA in immune cells and induction of an interferon response in pancreatic islets. Central tolerance to proinsulin in transgenic NOD mice was broken on a granzyme A-deficient background. We have identified a novel endogenous trigger for autoimmune diabetes and an in vivo role for granzyme A in maintaining immune tolerance.
Qualidade das águas do ribeirão Ubá - MG (2004)

A qualidade da água do ribeirão Ubá, dentro e nas vizinhanças da cidade de mesmo nome, no Estado de Minas Gerais, foi investigada. Para tal foram realizadas análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. Análises físico-químicas de efluentes de fábricas de móveis de madeira, principal atividade industrial da cidade, também foram feitas. O Índice de Qualidade de Água (IQA) - com base em parâmetros químicos e biológicos - foi usado para determinar a qualidade da água do ribeirão. Constatou-se que, a partir da entrada da cidade, bem como à montante desta, a água do ribeirão Ubá é de má qualidade, sofrendo tanto a poluição por esgotos domésticos quanto por efluentes industriais.
A DNA Vaccine against ERBB2 Impairs Chemical Carcinogenesis in Random-Bred Hamsters (2011)

Vaccines against oncoantigens halt early neoplastic lesions in several cancer-prone, genetically engineered mouse models, whereas their ability to prevent chemical carcinogenesis has not been explored. This is a significant issue, as exposure to chemical mutagens is responsible for a substantial percentage of cancers worldwide. Here, we show that the archetypal oncoantigen ERBB2 is transiently overexpressed in Syrian hamsters during the early stages of 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis. Repeated DNA vaccinations against ERBB2 significantly reduce the number, size, and severity of oral lesions in a manner directly proportional to the anti-ERBB2 antibody response. These results support the prospects of vaccines as a fresh strategy in the management of individuals at risk for exposure to defined carcinogenic agents.
Receiver configuration and testbed development for underwater cognitive channelization (2014)

We propose a receiver configuration and we develop a software-defined-radio testbed for real-time cognitive underwater multiple-access communications.The proposed receiver is fully reconfigurable and executes (i) all-spectrum cognitive channelization and (ii) combined synchronization, channel estimation, and demodulation.Online (real-time) experimental field studies using in-house built modems demonstrate our theoretical developments and show that cognitive channelization is a powerful proposition for underwater communications that leads to significant improvement of spectrum utilization.Even in the absence of interference, due to the noise characteristics of the acoustic channel, cognitive channelization offers significant performance improvements in terms of receiver pre-detection signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio and bit-error-rate.
Platelet-complement interactions in mesangial proliferative nephritis in the rat. (1991)

Complement has been reported to mediate mesangiolysis and glomerular hypercellularity in the rat in a model of glomerulonephritis (GN) induced with anti-Thy 1 antibody. To investigate the mechanism for the complement-mediated hypercellularity, the authors first determined if the effect of complement depletion was to inhibit cell proliferation or whether the effect was primarily to inhibit leukocyte infiltration. Rats depleted of complement with cobra venom factor (CVF) had 1) significantly less mesangiolysis than controls at day 5 (0.6 +/- 0.1 versus 3.4 +/- 0.4, scale 0-4+, P less than 0.001); 2) less cell proliferation, as assessed by immunostaining for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin, a cell-cycle-dependent antigen (0.5 +/- 0.1 versus 2.4 +/- 0.7 cells/glomerular cross-section, P less than 0.01); and 3) less leukocyte infiltration as assessed by immunohistochemical labeling (0.6 +/- 0.1 versus 1.9 +/- 0.3 cells/glomerular cross-section, P less than 0.01). Because it was reported recently that platelets also mediate glomerular cell proliferation in this model, this study examined whether the mechanism for complement-mediated cell proliferation involved an effect on glomerular platelet localization. The glomerular uptake of 111In-labeled platelets was quantitated in normal and CVF-treated rats at 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after induction of GN. Rats with anti-Thy 1 GN had substantial glomerular accumulation of platelets at all times studied, peaking at 4 hours (608 +/- 171 platelets per glomerulus). Complement depletion profoundly reduced glomerular platelet localization in anti-Thy 1 GN (mean less than 35 platelets per glomerulus at all times studied, P less than 0.05). Thus these studies demonstrate an important role for complement in mediating platelet localization in anti-Thy 1 GN, an effect that may account for the complement-dependent, neutrophil-independent glomerular hypercellularity in this model.
Stereo advantage for a peg-in-hole task using a force-feedback manipulator (1990)

An improved assessment methodology has been implemented at NOSC and tested using an instrumented peg-in-hole (PiH) taskboard. Several aspects of the methodology are discussed in light of their implications for future studies of manipulator performance. Using a simple (but highfidelity) force-feedback manipulator, a group of 9 trained operators showed a consistent advantage for stereoscopic TV viewing over monoscopic TV viewing when performing the PiH task. To introduce a controlled element of spatial uncertainty into the testing procedure, taskboard orientation relative to the manipulator and remote video camera head was changed in a randomized order on a trial-by-trial basis. The stereoscopic advantage demonstrated by this study can reasonably be expected to be even more pronounced as the quality of the stereo TV interface is improved and force-feedback provided through the manipulator system is diminished and/or distorted.
Interplay between Furin and Sialoglycans in Modulating Adeno-Associated Viral Cell Entry (2023)

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are small, helper-dependent, single-stranded DNA viruses that exploit a broad spectrum of host factors for cell entry. During the course of infection, several AAV serotypes have been shown to transit through the <i>trans</i>-Golgi network within the host cell. In the current study, we investigated whether the Golgi-localized, calcium-dependent protease furin influences AAV transduction. While CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of the <i>Furin</i> gene minimally affected the transduction efficiency of most recombinant AAV serotypes tested, we observed a striking increase in transgene expression (~2 log orders) for the African green monkey isolate AAV4. Interrogation of different steps in the infectious pathway revealed that AAV4 binding, uptake, and transcript levels are increased in furin KO cells, but postentry steps such as uncoating or nuclear entry remain unaffected. Recombinant furin does not cleave AAV4 capsid proteins nor alter cellular expression levels of essential factors such as AAVR or GPR108. Interestingly, fluorescent lectin screening revealed a marked increase in 2,3-<i>O</i>-linked sialoglycan staining on the surface and perinuclear space of furin KO cells. The essential nature of increased sialoglycan expression in furin KO cells in enhancing AAV4 transduction was further corroborated by (i) increased transduction by the closely related isolates AAVrh.32.33 and sea lion AAV and (ii) selective blockade or removal of cellular 2,3-<i>O</i>-linked sialoglycans by specific lectins or neuraminidase, respectively. Based on the overall findings, we postulate that furin likely plays a key role in regulating expression of cellular sialoglycans, which in turn can influence permissivity to AAVs and possibly other viruses. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are a proven recombinant vector platform for gene therapy and have demonstrated success in the clinic. Continuing to improve our knowledge of AAV-host cell interactions is critical for improving the safety and efficacy. The current study dissects the interplay between furin, a common intracellular protease, and certain cell surface sialoglycans that serve as viral attachment factors for cell entry. Based on the findings, we postulate that differential expression of furin in host cells and tissues is likely to influence gene expression by certain recombinant AAV serotypes.
The Role of Neutrophils in Oncolytic Orf Virus-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy (2022)

Neutrophils are innate leukocytes with diverse effector functions that allow them to respond to pathogens rapidly. Accumulating evidence has highlighted these cells' complex roles in the host's response to viral infections and tumor progression. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality in the armamentarium of cancer therapeutics. Oncolytic viruses preferentially kill cancer cells and stimulate tumor-associated inflammation, resulting in tumor regression. Assessing the activity of individual effector cell subsets following oncolytic virotherapy is important in identifying their contribution to antitumor immunity. In this study, we investigated the role of neutrophils in oncolytic Orf-virus-mediated immunotherapy in a murine model of pulmonary melanoma metastases. The systemic administration of the Orf virus stimulated a dramatic increase in the number of leukocytes in circulation and within the tumor microenvironment, most of which were neutrophils. Analysis of tumor-burdened lungs shortly after therapy revealed significant numbers of phenotypically immature neutrophils, with the enhanced expression of molecules affiliated with activation, migration, and cytotoxicity. Neutrophils stimulated by Orf virus therapy were directly tumoricidal through tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated effects and were required for optimal antitumor efficacy following Orf virus therapy. Taken together, these data reveal neutrophils as a crucial innate effector to consider when investigating oncolytic virotherapy.
ChemInform Abstract: SAR in the Alkoxy Lactone Series: The Discovery of DFP, a Potent and Orally Active COX‐2 Inhibitor. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.