gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarity inversion of crystal quartz using a quasi-phase matching stamp (2020)

Stress-induced polarity inversion of crystal quartz using a quasi-phase matching (QPM) stamp is proposed for a QPM frequency conversion quartz device. Fabrication of QPM structure in x-cut quartz plate could be realized using the periodically patterned QPM stamp. Also, second-harmonic 532 nm generation with 16.8 kW peak intensity was demonstrated using a QPM quartz device with QPM period of 124 µm (3rd-order QPM) to confirm its polarity-inverted structure.
Systems neuroimmunology: a review of multiomics methodologies to characterize neuroimmunological interactions in spinal and cranial diseases (2022)

Neuroimmunology plays a critical role in our understanding of the pathophysiological processes that underlie a variety of diseases treated by neurosurgeons, including degenerative disc disease (DDD), glioblastoma (GBM), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and others. Compared with traditional methods in neuroimmunology, which study one pathway or gene at a time, emerging multiomics methodologies allow for holistic interrogation of multiple immune-signaling pathways to test hypotheses and the effects of therapeutics at a systems level. In this review, the authors summarize key concepts for gathering and analyzing multiomics data so that neurosurgeons can contribute to the emerging field of systems neuroimmunology. Additionally, they describe 3 use cases, based on original research published by their group and others, that utilize transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses to study immune-signaling pathways in DDD, aSAH, and GBM. Through these use cases, techniques for performing machine learning and network-based analyses to generate new clinical insights from multiomics data are shared. The authors hope that neurosurgeons might use this review as a summary of common tools and principles in systems immunology to better engage in creating the immunotherapies of tomorrow.
OPG and sRANKL Serum Concentrations in Osteopenic, Postmenopausal Women After 2-Year Genistein Administration (2008)

Our findings suggest that genistein plus calcium and vitamin D(3) as part of a healthy diet is able to positively modulate bone turnover in a cohort of osteopenic, postmenopausal women and improve sRANKL-OPG balance after 24 mo of treatment.
Improving the performance of real-time communication services on high-speed LANs under topology changes (2003)

In this paper, we propose and evaluate a new protocol that provides topology change- and fault-tolerant real-time communication services on NOW and clusters. This protocol overcomes the main drawback of our previously proposed protocol, called Dynamically Re-established Real-Time Channels (DRRTC), which is physically limited by the number of virtual channels per port. The new protocol allows different real-time channels to share the same virtual channel. In this way, the new protocol allows us to establish a greater number of real-time channels than the previous one. Moreover, its only limitation is the bandwidth devoted to real-time traffic. However, this introduces two new problems that are successfully managed by the new protocol: the existence of cyclic dependencies among different real-time channels and the increased complexity of deadline requirements. We present and analyze the performance evaluation results when a single switch or a single link is deactivated/activated for different topologies and workloads. The new protocol overwhelms the DRRTC protocol while guaranteeing deadline requirements and channel recovery.
Liquid anti-solvent recrystallization to enhance dissolution of CRS 74, a new antiretroviral drug (2015)

This study concerns a new compound named CRS 74 which has the property of inhibiting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) protease, an essential enzyme involved in HIV replication process. It is proved in this study that the original CRS 74 exhibits poor aqueous solubility and a very low dissolution rate, which can influence its bioavailability and clinical response. In an attempt to improve the dissolution rate, CRS 74 was recrystallized by liquid anti-solvent (LAS) crystallization. Ethanol was chosen as solvent and water as the anti-solvent. Recrystallized solids were compared with the original drug crystals in terms of physical and dissolution properties. Recrystallization without additives did not modify the CRS 74 dissolution profile compared to the original drug. CRS 74 was then recrystallized using different additives to optimize the process and formulate physicochemical properties. Steric stabilizer in organic phase ensured size-controlling effect, whereas electrostatic stabilizer in aqueous phase decreased particle agglomeration. Cationic additives avoided drug adsorption onto stainless steel T-mixer. In general, additive improved drug dissolution rate due to improvement of wetting properties by specific interactions between the drug and the additives, and ensured continuous production of CRS 74 by electrostatic repulsion.
A Closed-Loop UL Power Control Scheme for Interference Mitigation in Dynamic TD-LTE Systems (2015)

The TD-LTE system is envisaged to adopt dynamic time division duplexing (TDD) transmissions for small cells to adapt their communication service to the fast variation of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) traffic demands. However, different DL/UL directions for the same subframe in adjacent cells will result in new destructive interference components, i.e., eNB-to-eNB and UE-to-UE, with levels that can significantly differ from one subframe to another. In this paper, a feasible UL power control mechanism is proposed to manage eNB-to-eNB interference, where different UL power control parameters are set based on different interference level. We consider the geometric location information and the subframe set selection process about adjacent eNBs when the interference level is estimated. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated through system level simulations and it is shown that the scheme can achieve preferable improvement in terms of UL average and 5%-ile packet throughputs compared with the original scheme without power control. Also, the UE-to-UE interference is not worse when the UE transmit power become higher.
Paper-electrophoretic analysis of protein extracted at low ionic strength from fish skeletal muscle (1955)

, is produced by several strains of organisms of the Serratia group.
Survival characteristics of diarrheagenicEscherichia colipathotypes andHelicobacter pyloriduring passage through the free-living ciliate,Tetrahymenasp. (2012)

Free-living protozoa have been implicated in the survival and transport of pathogens in the environment, but the relationship between non-Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli or Helicobacter pylori and ciliates has not been characterized. Six diarrheagenic pathotypes of E. coli and an isolate of H. pylori were evaluated for their susceptibility to digestion by Tetrahymena, an aquatic ciliate. Tetrahymena strain MB125 was fed E. coli or H. pylori, and the ciliate's egested products examined for viable bacterial pathogens by the BacLight(™) LIVE/DEAD (™) assay, a cell elongation method, and by colony counts. All six diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes survived digestion, whereas H. pylori was digested. Growth of E. coli on agar plates indicated that the bacteria were able to replicate after passage through the ciliate. Transmission electron micrographs of E. coli cells as intact rods vs. degraded H. pylori cells corroborated these results. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a net-like matrix around intact E. coli cells in fecal pellets. These results suggest a possible role for Tetrahymena and its egested fecal pellets in the dissemination of diarrheagenic E. coli in the environment. This bacterial-protozoan interaction may increase opportunities for transmission of diarrheagenic E. coli to mammalian hosts including humans.
Liquid-level sensor with optical fibers (1992)

A liquid-level sensor, consisting of three optical fibers, is described. A light is projected onto an oil surface through a transmitting fiber. A receiving fiber picks up the light reflected from the oil surface. A reference fiber transmits the light from a light-emitting diode back and forth along the same path as that of the transmitting fiber and the receiving fiber. Division is accomplished by using the reflected signal and the reference signal, so it becomes possible to eliminate apparent distance variations that are due to the variations in light intensity, which may be caused by external forces and temperature changes. The distance range is 100 mm.
The Effect of Intraluteal Infusion of Deglycosylated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin on the Corpus Luteum in Rhesus Monkeys* (1990)

Removal of the carbohydrates from hCG results in an antagonist (degly-hCG) that competitively inhibits hCG/LH-stimulated adenylate cyclase in macaque luteal tissue in vitro, but its effect in vivo is controversial. To examine the effect of degly-hCG on the lifespan and steroidogenic activity of the primate corpus luteum, the antagonist was administered to female rhesus monkeys (n = 7) beginning at the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In a control cycle the saline vehicle was infused via an osmotic minipump directly into the corpus luteum. In a subsequent cycle, one of three dose rates of degly-hCG (0.001, 0.009, and 0.09 nmol/h) was infused into the corpus luteum. Pump implantation and infusion began 5-9 days after the midcycle LH surge and continued for 7 days. Peripheral venous blood was collected daily from day 8 of the cycle until menses, and serum progesterone levels were determined by RIA. Progesterone levels and patterns were similar in animals that received either the saline vehicle or degly-hCG, and the length of the luteal phase in monkeys receiving any dose of degly-hCG (16.4 +/- 0.5 days) was not different from that in animals receiving a control infusion (16.1 +/- 0.9 days). In a corollary study, an intraluteal infusion of degly-hCG (0.009 nmol/h) in the midluteal phase did not prevent stimulation of progesterone levels after im injection of hCG (15 IU/day for 5 days). We conclude that whereas degly-hCG is a useful tool to examine gonadotropin action in vitro, it is not a potent gonadotropin antagonist in vivo.
Thresholds for inertial cavitation in Albunex suspensions under pulsed ultrasound conditions (2001)

Stabilized microbubbles used as echo-contrast agents can be destroyed by ultrasonic irradiation. We have identified two pressure thresholds at which these microbubbles undergo inertial cavitation (here, defined as the collapse of gas bubbles followed by emission of an acoustic broadband noise). The first threshold (P1) corresponds to the pressure at which all the microbubbles in a cavitation field lose their property as an effective scatterer because of fragmentation or deflation. The second threshold (P2) is associated with the acoustic reactivation of the remnants of the contrast agents and is related to the onset of more violent inertial cavitation. P1 and P2 were measured as a function of the concentration of Albunex (Molecular Biosystems Inc., San Diego, CA) contrast agent, the number of transmitting acoustic cycles, and the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). The ultrasound frequency used was 1.1 MHz, and the peak negative acoustic pressures ranged from 0 to 8 MPa. Our results, measured in Isoton II (Coulter Diagnostics, Miami, FL) and whole blood solutions, showed that P1 increased with increasing Albunex concentration and decreased with increasing PRF, whereas P2 decreased with increasing Albunex concentration and was independent of the PRF. Both P1 and P2 decreased with increasing number of acoustic cycles N for N < 10 and were independent of the number of cycles for N > 10. Ultrasound images of Albunex acquired by a commercial scanner showed echo enhancement not only at pressure levels below P1 but also at levels above P2. The threshold P2 was achieved at ultrasound energies above the diagnostic level. Inertial cavitation produced at P2 was associated with a higher level of hemolysis compared with P1. The results of this investigation have potential significance for both diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound applications.
Failure to Identify Borrelia burgdorferi in Southern California Ticks by DNA Amplification (1993)

Journal Article Failure to Identify Borrelia burgdorferi in Southern California Ticks by DNA Amplification Get access Patrick E. Olson, Patrick E. Olson Reprints or correspondence: Commander Patrick E. Olson, clo Infectious Disease Division, Naval Hospital, San Diego, CA 92134-5000 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Allen L. Richards, Allen L. Richards Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gregory A. Dasch, Gregory A. Dasch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles A. Kennedy Charles A. Kennedy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 168, Issue 1, July 1993, Pages 257–258, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.257 Published: 01 July 1993
Surface energy balance and climatology changes from WRF simulations with different horizontal resolutions and soil configurations&#160; (2021)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Interactions between the lower atmosphere and the shallow continental subsurface govern several surface processes important for ecosystems and society, such as extreme temperature and precipitation events. Transient climate simulations performed with climate models have been employed to study the water, mass and energy exchanges between the atmosphere and the shallow subsurface, obtaining large inter-model differences. Understanding the origin of differences between climate models in the simulation of near-surface conditions is crucial for restricting the inter-model variability of future climate projections. Here, we explore the effect of changes in horizontal resolution on the simulation of the surface energy balance and the climatology of near-surface conditions over North America (NA) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;We analyzed an ensemble of twelve simulations using three different horizontal resolutions (25 km, 50 km and 100 km) and four different Land Surface Model (LSM) configurations over North America from 1980 to 2013. Our results show that increasing horizontal resolution alters the representation of shortwave radiation, affecting near-surface temperatures and consequently the partition of energy into sensible and latent heat fluxes. Thus, finer resolutions lead to higher net shortwave radiation and temperature at high NA latitudes and to lower net shortwave radiation and temperature at low NA latitudes. The use of finer resolutions also leads to an intensification of the terms associated with the surface water balance over coastal areas at low latitudes, generating higher latent heat flux, accumulated precipitation and soil moisture. The effect of the LSM choice is larger than the effect of horizontal resolution on the representation of the surface energy balance, and consequently on near-surface temperature. By contrast, the effect of the LSM configuration on the simulation of precipitation is weaker than the effect of horizontal resolution, showing larger differences among LSM simulations in summer and over regions with high latent heat flux. This ensemble of simulations is then compared against CRU data. Comparison between the CRU data and the simulated climatology of daily maximum and minimum temperatures and accumulated precipitation indicates that enhancing horizontal resolution marginally improves the simulated climatology of minimum and maximum temperatures in summer, while it leads to larger biases in accumulated precipitation. The larger biases in precipitation with the use of finer horizontal resolutions are likely related to the effect of increasing resolution on the atmospheric model component, since precipitation biases are similar using different LSM configurations.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Intracardiac echocardiography versus transesophageal echocardiography for left atrial appendage closure: an updated meta-analysis and systematic review. (2020)

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has emerged as an alternative to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to guide implantation of percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) devices in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a high bleeding risk. We reviewed the efficacy and safety of ICE compared to TEE in LAAC in this updated meta-analysis. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and Scopus were systematically searched for studies comparing ICE and TEE in percutaneous LAAC. Our primary outcomes of interest were procedural success and study reported periprocedural complications. Secondary outcomes included various procedural characteristics. Risk ratios (RR), standardized mean differences (SMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The analysis was performed using a random-effect model. Nine observational studies met our inclusion criteria with a total of 2620 patients (ICE: 679 and TEE: 1941). Mean CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-Vasc (4.4 ± 0.3 for ICE vs 4.5 ± 0.3 for TEE, P = 0.60) and HAS-BLED (3.2 ± 0.4 vs 3.1 ± 0.6, P = 0.78) scores were comparable between the two groups. There was no significant difference in procedure success rate (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99-1.02, P= 0.31) and periprocedural complications (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.59-1.23, P = 0.39). No significant difference was observed in procedure duration, fluoroscopy time and contrast volume used while a trend towards decreased hospital length of stay was seen with the use of ICE. Thus, our updated meta-analysis shows ICE is as effective and safe as TEE for implantation of LAAC devices.
Data from L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule Is a Novel Therapeutic Target in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a highly malignant hepatobiliary cancer, has a poor prognosis and is refractory to conventional therapies. The aim of this study is to discover a novel molecular target for the treatment of ICC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; To discover novel cancer-associated membrane antigens expressed in ICC cells, we generated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) by immunizing mice with intact ICC cell lines and screened for those that bind to the plasma membrane of ICC cells but not to normal cells. The mAb A10-A3 was selected and its target antigen was identified as the L1 cell adhesion molecule. Expression of L1 in ICC was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples from 42 ICC patients. The functional significance of L1 expression in the tumor progression of ICC was investigated by L1 suppression, L1 overexpression, and antibody treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; L1 was not expressed in normal hepatocytes and intrahepatic bile duct epithelium but highly expressed in 40.5% of ICC patients, remarkably at the invasive front of the tumors. Suppression of L1 with short hairpin RNA significantly decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of ICC cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Consistently, L1 overexpression in ICC cells enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis resistance. In addition, L1 short hairpin RNA or anti-L1 mAb significantly reduced the tumor growth in nude mice bearing ICC xenograft.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We identified that L1 is expressed in ICC. L1 plays an important role in the tumor progression of ICC by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. L1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for ICC. Clin Cancer Res; 16(14); 3571–80. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis (2012)

Enoxaparin seems to be superior to unfractionated heparin in reducing mortality and bleeding outcomes during percutaneous coronary intervention and particularly in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction.
Effects of Simplified Antihypertensive Treatment Algorithm on Hypertension Management and Hypertension-Related Death in Resource-Constricted Primary Care Setting between 1997 and 2017 (2021)

Hypertension management is poor in primary care settings of developing countries, where 75% of hypertensives are living. Exploring better ways to improve hypertension management and to decrease stroke and CVD death is needed such as introducing treatment algorithm. Therefore, we selected intervention counties from Xinjiang, an underdeveloped region in China, and introduced antihypertensive treatment algorithm, comprising locally available and affordable agents, to primary health providers since 1998. Program effects were evaluated using the data collected in various ways including cross-sectional screenings to population ≥30 years between 1998 and 2015 by comparing treatment and control rates of hypertension, changes in blood pressure (BP) levels and distribution, and proportion of case/total and NCD death for CVD and stroke. Compared to 1998-2000, treatment rate was improved by 2.78 fold (11.2% vs. 32.1%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and the overall and treated control rate were improved by 53.5 fold (0.2% vs. 10.7%, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and by 16.8 fold (2.0% vs. 33.5%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), respectively, in 2015. Mean SBP and DBP showed a net reduction by 33.7 mmHg (181.3 vs. 147.6 mmHg) and 21.3 mmHg (106.3 vs. 85.0 mmHg), respectively, in 2015, compared to 1998-2000 (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and stage III hypertension was reduced by 75.2% (33.5 vs. 8.3%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Compared to 1997-1999, stroke/NCD death was reduced by 34.1% in 2015-2017 (31.7 vs. 20.9%, <i>P</i> = 0.006) in the intervention counties whereas by 7.5% in control county. Introduction of treatment algorithm helps improve hypertension management and reduce stroke death in resource-constricted primary settings.
Impurity States in the ( t, J )-Model (1989)

We investigate the influence of the Sr dopant in La2-xSrxCuO4 on the electronic and magnetic properties of the CuO2-planes. The (t, J)-Hamiltonian for the single-band Hubbard-model in the large-U limit, extended by a perturbation, is diagonalized exactly for small clusters. The expectation values of both total spin and staggered magnetization and the charge- and spin-distribution on the clusters are evaluated and compared to the unperturbed values. A relatively weak coupling of the spin and charge degrees of freedom is found.
Dynamic Virtual Private Networks (1997)

We extend traditional Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) with fault-tolerance and dynamic membership properties, defining a Dynamic Virtual Private Network (DVPN). We require no new hardware and make no special assumptions about line security. An implementation exhibits low overheard, provides guarantees of authenticity and confidentiality to any IP application running over the virtual network. Our system is lightweight, allowing the use of multiple finegrained VPNs. Instead of using many point-to-point secure connections to bridge insecure communication paths we share a single symmetric encryption key throughout the VPN. This permits tight control of the VPN membership and fast dynamic membership change. Since we lower the cost of a single DVPN, we propose using multiple DVPNs to implement fine grained security. By enforcing policies over communication between DVPNs, our scheme supports multilevel security. 1 Introduction We say that a Virtual Private Network (VPN) exists bet...