gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbiologic effect of two topical anti‐infective treatments on ligature‐induced peri‐implantitis: A pilot study in dogs (2018)

aPDT and TTC successfully decontaminated infected implant surfaces. Implant decontamination with aPDT appears to be a viable alternative to TTC in the management of peri-implantitis infection.
A Novel Activation Strategy for Improving the Performance of Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (2009)

Actuators based on Dielectric Elastomers are a promising technology in robotic and mechatronic applications. The overall actuator performances are influenced by the non-linear and highly coupled electrical and mechanical responses of the employed materials. To date, the practical dynamic response and controllability of actuators based on Dielectric Elastomers are limited by the inadequacy of the employed activation strategy, which is based on voltage-regulated converters. In this paper a novel activation strategy is proposed for Dielectric Elastomer actuators which is based on a driving circuit derived from the flyback converter topology. A closed-loop position controller for Dielectric Elastomer actuators, which employs this driving circuit is also presented. Experimental results are reported which show that the proposed driving circuit outperforms the traditional strategies in terms of fast open-loop actuator activation and good closed-loop actuator controllability.
Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle-assisted immunotherapy: a new weapon against solid tumours (2020)

Although significant improvements in cancer treatment have led to a longer survival period, the death rate of patients with solid tumours has not changed during the last decades. Most researchers are currently concentrating on defining the mechanisms of the different resistance pathways activated by tumour cells; meanwhile, the role of limited drug distribution within tumours has been neglected. The application of nanotechnology in medicine offers unexplored opportunities for realizing a new generation of anticancer therapies that can overcome the physical hindrances that characterize solid tumours. Indeed, surface-engineered nanoparticles (NPs) (both organic and inorganic) have been used as powerful tools in cancer therapy. Particularly, Au NPs have been utilized to develop a new drug-free treatment, photo-thermal therapy (PTT), due to their stimuli-responsive properties. PTT combined with immunotherapy represents a major breakthrough in the fight against malignant solid tumours. In this review, we provide a complete overview of the synergistic approaches based on PTT and immunotherapy, considering the selection, design, and functionalization of the NPs and their thermo-optical properties, moving to in vivo studies and finally to clinical trial applications in patients suffering from solid tumours.
EFFECT OF ANTI-CYTOKINES AND/OR ANTI-ADHERENCA THERAPY IN SHOCK AND SEPSIS (1995)

Ludwig Boltzfmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, A-1200 Vienna, Austria
Modeling the sustainability and economics of stacked herbicide-tolerant traits and early weed management strategy for waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) control (2020)

Abstract Diversity is key for sustainable weed management and can be achieved via both chemical and nonchemical control tactics. Genetically modified crops with two-way or three-way stacked herbicide-tolerant traits allow use of herbicide mixtures that would otherwise be phytotoxic to the crop. Early weed management (EWM) strategies promote the use of PRE herbicides with residual activity to keep the field free of weeds early in the season for successful crop establishment. To evaluate the respective sustainability and practicality of the two chemical-based management tactics (i.e., stacked traits and EWM), we used a population model of waterhemp, Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer (syn. rudis ), to simulate the evolution of resistance in this key weed species in midwestern U.S. soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] agroecosystems. The model tested scenarios with a varying number of herbicide sites of action (SOAs), application timings (PRE and POST), and preexisting levels of resistance. Results showed that both tactics provided opportunity for controlling resistant A. tuberculatus populations. In general, each pass over the field should include at least two effective herbicide SOAs. Nevertheless, the potential evolution of cross-resistance may void the weed control programs embraced by stacked traits and diverse herbicide SOAs. Economic calculations suggested that the diversified programs could double long-term profitability when compared to the conventional system, because of improved yield and grain quality. Ultimately, the essence of a sustainable herbicide resistance management strategy is to be proactive. Although a herbicide-dominated approach to diversifying weed management has been prevalent, the increasing presence of weed populations with multiple resistance means that finding herbicides to which weed populations are still susceptible is becoming increasingly difficult, and thus the importance of reintroducing cultural and mechanical practices to support herbicides must be recognized.
Fuel cells for extraterrestrial and terrestrial applications (1987)

The fuel cell is a nineteenth century invention and a twentieth century technology development. Due to the high power and energy density, high efficiency, reliability, and production of pure water, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell systems have no competition as auxiliary power sources for space vehicles. The alkaline fuel cell system is a well developed and proven technology for this application. The solid polymer electrolyte system may be its future competitor. The energy crisis of 1973 stimulated research, development and demonstration of the phosphoric acid, molten carbonate, solid oxide and solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems using natural gas, petroleum or coal derived hydrogen (and carbon monoxide for the high temperature systems) for terrestrial applications. The direct methanol-air fuel cell is still an electrochemist's dream. Though considerable technological advances have been made, the present price of crude oil, and the high capital costs and limited lifetime of fuel cell systems impede their terrestrial applications in the developed countries. Conversely, the potential for lower capital costs of labor intensive manufacturing processes and the relatively higher fossil fuel prices make these systems more attractive for such applications in the developing countries. 11 refs.
Biped robot walking using gravity-compensated inverted pendulum mode and computed torque control (2002)

This paper proposes a model called the gravity-compensated inverted pendulum mode (GCIPM) to generate a biped locomotion pattern that is similar to the one generated by the linear inverted pendulum mode, but accommodates the free leg dynamics based upon its predetermined trajectory. When the biped locomotion based upon the linear inverted pendulum mode is applied to real biped robots, the stability of the robot is disturbed due to the fact that the neglected dynamics of free legs is not actually negligible, moving the ZMP (zero moment point) away from the presumed fixed point. The GCIPM includes the effect of the dynamics of the free leg in a simple manner This paper also presents a control method for biped robots based upon the computed torque. Simulation results show that the biped robot is more stable with the walking pattern generated by the proposed method combined with the controller than with the one by the inverted pendulum mode.
Semi-volatile and highly oxygenated gaseous and particulate organiccompounds observed above a boreal forest canopy (2018)

Abstract. We present hourly on-line observations of molecular compositions (CxHyOzN0–1) and abundances of oxygenated organic species in gas and submicron particle phases from April to June of 2014 as part of the Biogenic Aerosols-Effects on Cloud and Climate (BAECC) campaign. Measurements were made using the Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight iodide-adduct ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS) located atop a 35 m tall tower, about 10 m above a boreal forest canopy at the SMEAR II research station in Hyytiälä, Finland. Semi-volatile and highly oxygenated multifunctional (HOM) organic species possessing from 1 up to 20 carbon atoms, and with as few as 2 and as many as 16 oxygen atoms were routinely observed. Utilizing non-negative matrix factorization, we determined that &gt; 90 % and &gt; 99 % of the organic mass in the gas and particle phases, respectively, exhibited one of three distinct diel trends; one in which abundances were enhanced at daytime, another in the early morning hours, and thirdly during nighttime. Particulate organic nitrates contributed ∼ 35 % to the total organic aerosol mass loading at night during BAECC, much higher than observed by the same instrument package at a mixed-deciduous forest site that experienced higher nighttime concentrations of nitrogen oxides. Unique HOM monomers (defined here as those with 10 carbon and 7 or more oxygen atoms) and dimers (at least 16 carbon atoms), with and without a nitrogen atom, were found in most of the three subgroups of both phases. We show the potential to connect these groupings of compounds based on their distinct behavior in time to the expected chemical conditions (biogenic VOC precursor, oxidant type, etc.) responsible for their production. A suite of nitrated dimer-like compounds was detected in both the gas and particle phases, suggesting a potential role for the formation of low volatility organics from NO3 radical driven, as well as daytime NO-influenced, monoterpene chemistry.
Preservation of Blood Pressure Stability with Hypertonic Mannitol during Hemodialysis Initiation (2012)

Mannitol administration appears to preserve hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis initiation. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and identify optimal management strategies to prevent intradialytic hypotension.
ROTAS MICROFLUÍDICAS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE LIPOSSOMAS DO TIPO STEALTH (2017)

RESUMO -A microfludica uma cincia e tecnologia que tem se apresentado como uma ferramenta importante na produo de micro e nanoestruturas, a partir do escoamento de pequenas quantidades de fludos em dispositivos com dimenses bastante reduzidas. Dentre as nanoestruturas que podem ser produzidas, reporta-se na literatura a formao de lipossomas catinicos atravs de plataformas de focalizao hidrodinmica, nas quais, a componente lipdica (em etanol) injetada em um canal central sofrendo focalizao lateral pela fase aquosa. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir lipossomas catinicos contendo polietilenoglicol (PEG) em dispositivo microfludico. Para isso, foram investigadas duas estratgias: (1) promovendo a formao de lipossomas com PEG em apenas uma etapa e (2) a partir, da insero posterior de lipdeo ligado ao PEG em lipossomas pr-formados. Quando produzidos atravs da primeira estratgia as nanoestruturas apresentaram 150,09 22,14 nm de dimetro hidrodinmico mdio e +63,00 7,03 mV de potencial zeta. Como modelo padro, realizou-se um estudo comparativo com mtodos convencionais de produo (bulk), envolvendo a tcnica de ultrassonicao. Nesse contexto, este trabalho visou contribuir com o desenvolvimento de processos microfludicos de produo de lipossomas para aplicao em sistemas de liberao controlada de genes e frmacos.
International Conference on Fundamentals and Applications of HIPIMS (2012)

Thin film technology and surface engineering are nowadays key components for numerous innovative products like efficient windows, flat screens, sensors or hard coatings used in tool coating and automotive applications, as well as products for everyday life. In line with the demands of surface technology, coating technology is also evolving and improving. The latest major technology jump was the introduction of pulse technology in physical vapor deposition. High power impulse magnetron sputtering is the most recent development of pulse sputtering. After approximately a decade of intense academic investigation and development we observe today a transfer of this new technology towards industrial processes.
Creation of Cardiac Tissue Exhibiting Mechanical Integration of Spheroids Using 3D Bioprinting (2017)

This protocol describes 3D bioprinting of cardiac tissue without the use of biomaterials, using only cells. Cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts are first isolated, counted and mixed at desired cell ratios. They are co-cultured in individual wells in ultra-low attachment 96-well plates. Within 3 days, beating spheroids form. These spheroids are then picked up by a nozzle using vacuum suction and assembled on a needle array using a 3D bioprinter. The spheroids are then allowed to fuse on the needle array. Three days after 3D bioprinting, the spheroids are removed as an intact patch, which is already spontaneously beating. 3D bioprinted cardiac patches exhibit mechanical integration of component spheroids and are highly promising in cardiac tissue regeneration and as 3D models of heart disease.
17.5kV 630A SF6 Gas Insulated Outdoor Type Compact RMU Design For Smart Grid Applications (2019)

The circuit breakers immediately interrupt the electrical current flowing in a high voltage transmission line when a fault occurs. To achieve this, they must have the ability of extinguishing arcs that occur during closing and opening the contacts within a very short time. RMU is also defined as the device that performs voltage and current measurements of the power grid in order to detect failures, and also provides information to isolate them and control by disconnecting the other part of the grid. In this paper, the design and manufacturing steps of external type 17.5 kV 630A 50/60 Hz SF6 gas isolated, arc splitted, self-powered RMU is studied. For this purpose, first of all the arc quenching and arc quenching methods are explained. Then, the design methodology is given in detail. Finally, the verification tests and modifications applied after these tests are specified. After the process, the new RMU combined with breaker/load break switch (LBS) is designed successfully for switching actions of smart grid systems.
A Native APIs Protection Mechanism in the Kernel Mode against Malicious Code (2011)

As new vulnerabilities on Windows systems are reported endlessly, it is more practical to stop polymorphic malicious code from exploiting these vulnerabilities by building an behavior-based monitor, rather than adopting a signature-based detection system or fixing these vulnerabilities. Many behavior-based monitors have been proposed for Windows systems to serve this purpose. Some of them hook high-level system APIs to detect the suspicious behaviors of code. However, they cannot detect malicious code that directly invokes Native APIs. In this paper, we present a novel security scheme that hooks Native APIs in the kernel mode. This method effectively prevents malicious code calling Native APIs directly. It introduces an average eight percent computation overhead into the system. Analyses and a series of experiments are given in the paper to support our claims.
In acute myeloid leukemia patients CpG-methylation changes associate with resistance to induction chemotherapy. (2018)

7036 Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease associated with epigenetic alterations targetable with demethylating agents. However, predictive response markers are missing. Here we analyzed the methylation changes of transcription factor (TF) binding motifs in resistant patients after treatment with or without azacytidine (Aza) followed by induction chemotherapy. Methods: Twenty refractory patients from the AML-AZA trial of the Study Alliance Leukemia receiving Aza followed by induction chemotherapy (n = 16/105) or chemotherapy alone (n = 4/109) were selected to perform genome wide DNA methylation analyzes using a 450K Illumina array (Illumina, San Diego, USA) before and on day 15 after therapy start. Methylation changes from day 0 to 15 corrected for %blasts were identified and motifs detected using HOMER software (Salk institute, San Diego, USA). Methylation variation was analyzed according to treatment with Aza and/or chemotherapy. Results: In the Aza/chemotherapy group, a total of 389 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), most of them single CpGs, were identified, 176 hyper- and 213 hypomethylated. In methylation clustering analyses, patients with a reduction/increase of blasts clustered separately together. Those with blast reduction were more likely female and FLT3-ITD mutated. The most highly represented de novo motifs (differential enrichment between 2 sets of sequences) were associated with 5 (hypermethylation) and 10 TFs (hypomethylation). The chemotherapy only group had 7181 DMRs, 5752 hyper- and 1429 hypomethylated. We found 24 and 12 TFs for the hyper- and hypomethylated loci in these patients, respectively. The known motifs (based on listing of motifs from previous data) in the Aza/chemotherapy group of the enriched TFs were analyzed [hyper-: 17 TFs (Jun-AP1 (p = 1e-7); hypomethylated: 4 TFs, GATA (p = 1e-2)]. For the chemotherapy group we found 90 TFs [EHF (p = 1e-126)] and 43 TFs [RUNX1 (p = 1e-18)] for hyper- and hypomethylated sites, respectively. Conclusions: DNA methylation of specific TF binding motifs may be associated with therapy resistance and could be used for response prediction of therapy with Aza and/or chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00915252.
VNF Placement Strategy for Availability and Reliability of Network Services in NFV (2019)

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a new networking platform for fast and economic provisioning of Network Services (NSs) to the end users. NS in NFV is provided through a chain of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) that are hosted on the underlying physical computing machines. Actually, placement of the VNFs on the physical machines has a big impact on the quality of the provisioned NS. In this paper, we study the impact of the VNF placement on both the availability and reliability of NS in NFV platform. In addition, we propose an optimized VNF placement strategy from the availability and reliability perspectives of the NS. We map the placement problem to Integer Linear Programming (ILP) optimization model. We build a prototype to evaluate the proposed strategy, and compare it with other existing placement strategies named: BinPack, Random, and Sparse. The results of the experiments show the ability of the proposed strategy to enhance the availability and reliability levels of NS compared to the other strategies.
Analysis of Apollo Command Module Afterbody Heating Part I: AS-202 (2006)

Computational-fluid-dynamics simulations are performed to simulate the wake flow and afterbody heating environment of the Apollo AS-202 command module reentry. Fifteen three-dimensional simulations that cover the majority of the high-heating portion of the flight are computed. Computed surface oil flow plots predict that the flow remained attached on the windward side of the afterbody throughout the entry
Multi-modality registration via multi-scale textural and spectral embedding representations (2016)

Intensity-based similarity measures assume that the original signal intensity of different modality images can provide statistically consistent information regarding the two modalities to be co-registered. In multi-modal registration problems, however, intensity-based similarity measures are often inadequate to identify an optimal transformation. Texture features can improve the performance of the multi-modal co-registration by providing more similar appearance representations of the two images to be co-registered, compared to the signal intensity representations. Furthermore, texture features extracted at different length scales (neighborhood sizes) can reveal similar underlying structural attributes between the images to be co-registered similarities that may not be discernible on the signal intensity representation alone. However one limitation of using texture features is that a number of them may be redundant and dependent and hence there is a need to identify non-redundant representations. Additionally it is not clear which features at which specific scales reveal similar attributes across the images to be co-registered. To address this problem, we introduced a novel approach for multimodal co-registration that employs new multi-scale image representations. Our approach comprises 4 distinct steps: (1) texure feature extraction at each length scale within both the target and template images, (2) independent component analysis (ICA) at each texture feature length scale, and (3) spectrally embedding (SE) the ICA components (ICs) obtained for the texture features at each length scale, and finally (4) identifying and combining the optimal length scales at which to perform the co-registration. To combine and co-register across different length scales, -mutual information (-MI) was applied in the high dimensional space of spectral embedding vectors to facilitate co-registration. To validate our multi-scale co-registration approach, we aligned 45 pairs of prostate MRI and histology images corresponding to the prostate with the objective of mapping extent of prostate cancer annotated by a pathologist on the pathology onto the pre-operative MRI. The registration results showed higher correlation between template and target images with average correlation ratio of 0.927 compared to 0.914 for intensity-based registration. Additionally an improvement in the dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 13.6% was observed for the multi-scale registration compared to intensity-based registration and an 1.26% DSC improvement compared to registration involving the best individual scale.
ABCF2, an Nrf2 target gene, contributes to cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells (2017)

Previously, we have demonstrated that NRF2 plays a key role in mediating cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. To further explore the mechanism underlying NRF2-dependent cisplatin resistance, we stably overexpressed or knocked down NRF2 in parental and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells, respectively. These two pairs of stable cell lines were then subjected to microarray analysis, where we identified 18 putative NRF2 target genes. Among these genes, ABCF2, a cytosolic member of the ABC superfamily of transporters, has previously been reported to contribute to chemoresistance in clear cell ovarian cancer. A detailed analysis on ABCF2 revealed a functional antioxidant response element (ARE) in its promoter region, establishing ABCF2 as an NRF2 target gene. Next, we investigated the contribution of ABCF2 in NRF2-mediated cisplatin resistance using our stable ovarian cancer cell lines. The NRF2-overexpressing cell line, containing high levels of ABCF2, was more resistant to cisplatin-induced apoptosis compared to its control cell line; whereas the NRF2 knockdown cell line with low levels of ABCF2, was more sensitive to cisplatin treatment than its control cell line. Furthermore, transient overexpression of ABCF2 in the parental cells decreased apoptosis and increased cell viability following cisplatin treatment. Conversely, knockdown of ABCF2 using specific siRNA notably increased apoptosis and decreased cell viability in cisplatin-resistant cells treated with cisplatin. This data indicate that the novel NRF2 target gene, ABCF2, plays a critical role in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer, and that targeting ABCF2 may be a new strategy to improve chemotherapeutic efficiency.