gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tensile Strength and Moisture Resistance Properties of Biocomposite Films Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) with Cellulose as Reinforcement from Durian Peel Fibers (2021)

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) based biocomposite film with cellulose was successfully fabricated by the solution casting method. The cellulose fibers were obtained by extraction of durian peel using alkalization and bleaching treatments. These treated cellulose fibers were used for the fabrication of PVA-based biocomposites. The durian peel cellulose fibers were varied by 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% in the PVA matrix. Tensile test and moisture resistance of biocomposites were evaluated. The 6% addition of cellulose fibers in biocomposites increases the tensile strength up to 54% (37 MPa) than pure PVA film (24 MPa). Conversely, it reduces the elongation at break of the biocomposite film. Meanwhile, the moisture resistance properties of the biocomposites increased with the addition of cellulose fibers. The tensile strength and moisture resistance of biocomposites have been increased due to the homogeneous dispersion of the cellulose fibers and PVA matrix. These biocomposites able to reduce the environmental impacts by utilizing residual lignocellulosic biomass.
Correlates of Mood and Marital Satisfaction Among Dual-Worker and Single-Worker Couples (1986)

Kristina Cooper, Laurie Chassin, Sanford Braver, Antonette Zeiss, Katherine Akhtar Khavari, Correlates of Mood and Marital Satisfaction Among Dual-Worker and Single-Worker Couples, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 49, No. 4 (Dec., 1986), pp. 322-329
Deformation and rupture of microcapsules flowing through constricted capillary (2021)

The dynamics of deformable microcapsules flowing through constricted channels is relevant in target delivery of chemicals in physiological systems, porous media, microfluidic medical diagnostic devices and many other applications. In some situations, the microcapsules need to sustain the stress they are subjected to as they flow through constricted channels and in others, the stress may be the rupture trigger used to release the internal content. We experimentally investigate the flow of monodispersed gellan gum microcapsules through a constricted capillary tube by measuring the evolution of the pressure difference and flow visualization. The maximum pressure difference and capsule deformation is obtained for capsules with different diameter and shell thickness. We map the conditions, e.g. diameter and shell thickness, at which the capsule membrane ruptures during the flow, releasing its internal phase.
Characterization of Laryngeal Muscle Stem Cell Survival and Proliferation (2008)

Compared with skeletal MSC, laryngeal MSC demonstrate increased proliferation and regenerative capacity. This may explain some of the differences in physiological role and responses involved in each cell population's tissue of origin.
Successful Treatment of a Recalcitrant Mondor's Cord Following Breast Augmentation. (2014)

Mondor's disease, a superficial thrombophlebitis, is a common complication of thoracoabdominal wall surgeries. While most patients experience disease resolution with expectant management, occasionally the disease may persist. The authors present a case of a 49-year-old woman who had persistent, symptomatic Mondor's disease 15 months status post-breast augmentation. The patient responded rapidly to intralesional triamcinolone injections resulting in complete disease resolution. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of intralesional corticosteroids being used to treat this common surgical complication.
Chest X-rays Classification: A Multi-Label and Fine-Grained Problem (2018)

The widely used ChestX-ray14 dataset addresses an important medical image classification problem and has the following caveats: 1) many lung pathologies are visually similar, 2) a variant of diseases including lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia are present in a single scan, i.e. multiple labels and 3) The incidence of healthy images is much larger than diseased samples, creating imbalanced data. These properties are common in medical domain. Existing literature uses stateof- the-art DensetNet/Resnet models being transfer learned where output neurons of the networks are trained for individual diseases to cater for multiple diseases labels in each image. However, most of them don't consider relationship between multiple classes. In this work we have proposed a novel error function, Multi-label Softmax Loss (MSML), to specifically address the properties of multiple labels and imbalanced data. Moreover, we have designed deep network architecture based on fine-grained classification concept that incorporates MSML. We have evaluated our proposed method on various network backbones and showed consistent performance improvements of AUC-ROC scores on the ChestX-ray14 dataset. The proposed error function provides a new method to gain improved performance across wider medical datasets.
Adhesion of Thin CVD Films on Pulsed Plasma Pre-Treated Polypropylene (2014)

The adhesion of thin CVD films on polyolefins is often critical due to the low surface free energy of the polymers. In this study, injection moulded PP samples are produced and investigated. The samples are treated in very well-characterized pulsed plasmas before a HMDSO-based coating is applied. The resulting bond strength is analyzed using pull-off tests. The fractured interfaces are characterized with XPS. Oxygen and argon plasma pre-treatments of the PP samples result in a bond strength improvement by a factor of about 2. Comparing oxygen and argon pre-treatments at equal ion fluences to the surface, it can be shown that the bond strength between CVD-coating and polymer is similar.
The Law Relating to Dealing with Dead Bodies (2000)

Since March 1999 there have been three inquiries concerned either in whole or in part with the removal of human tissue from bodies during post-mortem examinations and its retention thereafter. Two of these at least have had to consider the law relating to the matter, and a commissioned paper and a submission about it to one, the Bristol Royal Infirmary Inquiry, have been mounted on the Inquiry's Web site. The main part of this article consists of the slightly revised text of a submission to the Inquiry by way of comment on these. Among the major points made in this submission are that (a) insufficient consideration has been given to the present status of the common law right of a person arranging a funeral to have the body of the deceased given Christian burial in the burial ground of the parish in which he or she died or of which he or she was a parishoner; (b) insufficient account has been taken of the scope of permissible modes of dealing with a dead body; and that (c) the implications this has for the common law offence of preventing Christian (or decent) burial have not been fully explored.
On predicting free radical polymerizability of allyl monomers. MINDO/3 and 13C NMR results (1986)

Abstract Two new methods of predicting free radical polymerizability of allyl monomers have been developed. MINDO/3 calculations of eigenvalues for the C—H bond a to the atlyl substituent allow comparison of relative bond strengths. Monomers known to undergo degradative chain transfer display more positive eigenvalues correlating with weaker α‐C—H bonds. Polymerizable monomers have more negative eigenvalues and stronger α‐C—H bonds. The latter possess strongly polarized or protonated substituents not capable of resonance stabilization of a chain‐terminating allyl radical. The inductive effect of such substituents on the 13 C NMR peaks of the vinyl carbons is the basis for the empirical spectroscopic method. Allyl compounds display β‐carbon peaks farther downfield than the γ‐carbon peaks. Polymerizable monomers generally have β peaks shifted upfield and γ peaks shifted downfield from those of poor monomers. This effect brings the two peaks closer together in the spectrum. Thus, the smaller the Δδ value (δ β − δ γ ), the more likely the monomer is to polymerize well. Monomers with intermediate eigenvalues or Δδ values may polymerize with difficulty or only under special conditions. Combined use of the theoretical and empirical techniques can allow prediction of inherent polymerizability and can facilitate evaluation of reaction media most favorable to polymer formation.
Determination of the preferred reaction pathway of acetophenone on Si(001) using photoelectron diffraction (2021)

The adsorption configurations of a technologically relevant model organic adsorbate on the silicon (001) surface were studied using energy scanned x-ray photoelectron diffraction (PhD). Previous work has established the existence of an interesting vertically-aligned ('flagpole') configuration, where the acetophenone attaches to Si(001) via the acetyl group carbon and oxygen atoms. Density functional theory calculations have predicted two energetically similar variants of this structure, where the phenyl ring is orientated parallel or perpendicular to the rows of silicon dimers on this reconstructed surface. However, previously published experimental measurements, including scanning tunnelling microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure investigations were unable to distinguish between these two configurations. Here, we apply the unique experimental capabilities of the PhD technique to this system and demonstrate that the dominant adsorption configuration has the phenyl ring parallel to the dimer rows (the end-bridge structure). This information in turn facilitates the determination of the dominant reaction pathway for acetophenone on Si(001), which has remained elusive until now. Information about subtle preferences in reaction pathways that affect the alignment and orientation of organic adsorbates such as acetophenone on technologically-relevant semiconductor surfaces such as Si(001) is critical for the fabrication of future atomically-precise atomic and molecular-scale electronic devices utilising the organic-silicon interface, and this work demonstrates the unique and complementary capabilities of PhD for providing this information.
Pulse transformer drive circuit for a molecular-beam source (1983)

We introduce the use of a pulse transformer as an improvement in the drive circuit of the ‘‘hairpin looppop’’sign for a pulsed molecular-beam source. The virtue of this device is that it can produce the high currents necessary to drive the hairpin at low voltage. In addition, it minimizes the I2R power loss of former designs while allowing for proper impedance matching of the leads to the power supply, thus lowering the voltage requirements necessary to drive the circuit.
Colistin Methanesulfonate Is an Inactive Prodrug of Colistin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2006)

There is a dearth of information on the pharmacodynamics of "colistin," despite its increasing use as a last line of defense for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms. The antimicrobial activities of colistin and colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) were investigated by studying the time-kill kinetics of each against a type culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth. The appearance of colistin from CMS spiked at 8.0 and 32 mg/liter was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, which generated colistin concentration-time profiles. These concentration-time profiles were subsequently mimicked in other incubations, independent of CMS, by incrementally spiking colistin. When the cultures were spiked with CMS at either concentration, there was a substantial delay in the onset of the killing effect which was not evident until the concentrations of colistin generated from the hydrolysis of CMS had reached approximately 0.5 to 1 mg/liter (i.e., approximately 0.5 to 1 times the MIC for colistin). The time course of the killing effect was similar when colistin was added incrementally to achieve the same colistin concentration-time course observed from the hydrolysis of CMS. Given that the killing kinetics of CMS can be accounted for by the appearance of colistin, CMS is an inactive prodrug of colistin with activity against P. aeruginosa. This is the first study to demonstrate the formation of colistin in microbiological media containing CMS and to demonstrate that CMS is an inactive prodrug of colistin. These findings have important implications for susceptibility testing involving "colistin," in particular, for MIC measurement and for microbiological assays and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Zero Kinetic Energy Spectroscopy (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
H2O and the dehydroxylation of phyllosilicates: An infrared spectroscopic study (2010)

As shown by in situ infrared spectroscopy and analysis of quenched samples, phyllosilicates (muscovite, sericite, pyrophyllite, and talc) under dehydroxylation conditions lack the characteristic bands near 1600 cm–1 (bending) and 5200 cm–1 (combination) of H2O, and they contain virtually no H2O but an abundance of OH. This observation appears to be at variance with the formal description of dehydroxylation in bulk samples as 2(OH) -&gt; H2O + O, whereas it is suggested that hydrogen diffuses in the form of (OH) – or/and H+ in dehydroxylation. The upper limit of H2O in the dehydroxlated bulk is likely to be at the parts per million level in phyllosilicates that contain structural OH ions equivalent to 4–5 wt% H2O. The observations suggest that H2O molecules are probably formed near the surface of the sample.
Scalable Channel Estimation and Reflection Optimization for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Enhanced OFDM Systems (2021)

This paper proposes a scalable channel estimation and reflection optimization framework for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-enhanced orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Specifically, the proposed scheme firstly generates a training set of RIS reflection coefficient vectors offline. For each RIS reflection coefficient vector in the training set, the proposed scheme estimates only the end-to-end composite channel and then performs the transmit power allocation. As a result, the RIS reflection optimization is simplified by searching for the optimal reflection coefficient vector maximizing the achievable rate from the pre-designed training set. The proposed scheme is capable of flexibly adjusting the training overhead according to the given channel coherence time, which is in sharp contrast to the conventional counterparts. Moreover, we discuss the computational complexity of the proposed scheme and analyze the theoretical scaling law of the achievable rate versus the number of training slots. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is superior to existing approaches in terms of decreasing training overhead, reducing complexity as well as improving rate performance in the presence of channel estimation errors.
A practicability study on the development of a standard, stand-alone computerized contract pricing model for contract pricing and negotiations (1990)

This thesis examines the practicability of developing a standard, stand-alone, computerized contract pricing model for contract pricing and negotiations. A functional description of a proposed framework for a standard, stand-alone. computerized contract pricing model is provided. The results of data collected from a survey of DLA, Navy, and Marine Corps field contracting activities are examined and the practicability of developing such a model is analyzed.
Joint trace/TV norm minimization: A new efficient approach for spectral compressive imaging (2012)

In this paper we propose a novel and efficient model for compressed sensing of hyperspectral images. A large-size hyperspectral image can be subsampled by retaining only 3% of its original size, yet robustly recovered using the new approach we present here. Our reconstruction approach is based on minimizing a convex functional which penalizes both the trace norm and the TV norm of the data matrix. Thus, the solution tends to have a simultaneous low-rank and piecewise smooth structure: the two important priors explaining the underlying correlation structure of such data. Through simulations we will show our approach significantly enhances the conventional compression rate-distortion tradeoffs. In particular, in the strong undersampling regimes our method outperforms the standard TV denoising image recovery scheme by more than 17dB in the reconstruction MSE.
Laboratory‐scale photomineralisation of n‐alkanes in aqueous solution, by photocatalytic membranes immobilising titanium dioxide (2005)

Kinetics of photocatalytic oxidation of methane, ethane, n ‐heptane, n ‐decane, and n ‐dodecane, to yield intermediates, and photomineralisation of intermediates, to yield carbon dioxide and water, was studied in aqueous solution, by a laboratory‐scale photoreactor and photocatalytic membranes immobilizing 30 ± 3 wt.% of TiO 2 , in the presence of stoichiometric hydrogen peroxide as oxygen donor. The whole volume of irradiated solution was 4.000 ± 0.005 L, the ratio between this volume and the geometrical apparent surface of the irradiated side of the photocatalytic membrane was 3.8 ± 0.1 cm, and the absorbed power 0.30W/cm (cylindrical geometry). A kinetic model was used, by which mineralisation of substrate to CO 2 was supposed to occur, by kinetic constants k 1 , through one single intermediate, mediating the behaviour of all the numerous real intermediates formed in the path from the substrate to CO 2 (kinetic constants of formation of the latter being k 2 ). A competitive Langmuirian adsorption of both substrate and “intermediate” was also supposed to be operative, as expressed by apparent adsorption constants k 1 and k 2 , possessing a, partly at least, kinetic significance. By Langmuir‐Hinshelwood treatment of initial rate data, starting values of the k and K couples were obtained, from which, by a set of differential equations, the final optimised parameters, k 1 and k 1 , k 2 and K 2 , were calculated, able fit the whole photomineralisation curve, and not only its initial segment, as the Langmuirian parameters do. The parameters of present work are critically compared with those obtained in two preceding set of studies relative to n ‐alkanoic acids and to n ‐alkanols. They are interpreted on the basis of a closer behaviour of hydrocarbons to alkanols, from the photocatalytic point of view, than to carboxylic acids are. Discussion of limiting effective quantum yields, and their comparison with maximum, theoretical values, are also carried out.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthetic Methodology for 1‐(Phenylthio)cyclopropylsilanes, Precursors of 1‐(Lithio)cyclopropylsilanes. (1985)

Abstract Aus den Lithium‐organischen Verbindungen (I) und dem Phenylthio‐trimethylsilyl‐ethen (II) erhält man über eine anionische Zwischenstufe die Cyclopropane (III).
Do Migrant Workers Squeeze the Employment Opportunities of Local Citizens (2017)

The increase in inclusive urban employment is the important content of the realization of urbanization development, and heterogenous migrants will have different effects on the employment opportunities of local citizens. Using the dynamic monitoring data, this paper analyzes the employment inclusion of urban labor market according to skill levels of labor force, industries they belong to and the inflow period, and measures the role of factors like human capital in the employment process of heterogenous migrants. It arrives at the conclusions as follows:firstly, in general, the differentiated human capital replaces the traditional barriers to the entry to industries and becomes a major factor affecting access to employment; secondly, using the instrumental variables, the estimation of employment determination model of labor groups shows that the employment rates of urban local labor force will decrease by 0.04-1.99 percentage points for the increase in the proportion of migrant workers by 10%, indicating that migrant workers have unobvious effects on the employment rates of urban local low-skilled labor but significant shocks to the employment rates of urban local high-skilled labor, which is especially obvious in some industries with high entry barriers; thirdly, the inclusion of high-skilled labor in urban labor market is significantly lower than the one of low-skilled labor, and there is higher substitution between high-skilled labor; fourthly, compared with the employment rates of local labor, migrant workers as new entrants have the greater effect on the employment rates of migrant workers as pre-entrants, and this effect also rises with the improvement of education degree. Therefore, while perfecting employment market, it should formulate more targeted talent cultivation mechanism and introduction measures in the pre and post links of employment.
Supplemental methods from Dietary Emulsifier–Induced Low-Grade Inflammation Promotes Colon Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Detailed methods regarding the experiments performed and presented in the current study.&lt;/p&gt;
Wnt signalling goes nuclear (1997)

The Wnt signalling cascade is a highly conserved signalling pathway throughout the animal kingdom. In Xenopus, Wnt signalling functions in mesodermal dorsoventral patterning. Earlier work on deciphering the components of the wnt signalling cascade left a gap between cytosolic beta-catenin, the final member of the cascade, and the nuclear target genes. Several recent papers now reveal how the Wnt signal is transmitted into the nucleus. Surprisingly, beta-catenin directly interacts with the transcription factor LEF-1/XTCF-3, and thereby is not only translocated into the nucleus but also modulates the properties of LEF-1/XTCF-3 as a transcription factor.
MOTET: Mobile Transactions using Electronic Tickets (2006)

There has been considerable work within the field of digital cash protocols that aims to provide security guarantees - non-repudiation, authentication, overspending checking and off-line checking - whilst protecting anonymity. However, considerably less attention has been given to the question of electronic ticketing, and what exists has been rather abstract or limited. Although eTickets aim at providing the same security guarantees and privacy preservation properties as digital cash, they are significantly different. Digital cash derives much of its anonymity from the fact that the denominations of electronic coins and notes are sufficiently universal that it is not possible for the bank to know in advance how they might be spent. In an eTicketing system, however, this is not the case: at the point the ticket is purchased, the ticket vendor knows for what it will be used and, if a non-anonymous payment system is used, can associate this with the customer. We present a novel protocol that enables users to purchase and spend electronic tickets (eTickets) of a range of two different types: those that can only be used a certain number of times, and those that expire after a certain date.
A FLEXIBLE, LARGE-SCALE DIAMOND-POLYMER CHEMICAL SENSOR FOR NEUROTRANSMITTER DETECTION (2016)

This paper reports a flexible, diamond-polymer chemical sensor with three microelectrodes, which features a wide aqueous potential window and low background current from diamond and mechanical flexibility from the polymer. An improved wafer transfer process is developed to transfer boron-doped polycrystalline diamond (BDD) onto a thin Parylene-C substrate with good uniformity, strong adhesion, and high yield. The as-fabricated sensor shows a much wider potential window compared to an Au electrode, and a sensitivity of ~0.018mA/mm 2 mM through cyclic voltammetry for Ru(NH 3 ) 6 2+/3+ and 0.0012A/mm 2 M through chronoamperometry for dopamine (DA).