gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IGF-1 promotes the development and cytotoxic activity of human NK cells (2013)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a critical regulator of many physiological functions, ranging from longevity to immunity. However, little is known about the role of IGF-1 in natural killer cell development and function. Here, we identify an essential role for IGF-1 in the positive regulation of human natural killer cell development and cytotoxicity. Specifically, we show that human natural killer cells have the ability to produce IGF-1 and that differential endogenous IGF-1 expression leads to disparate cytotoxicity in human primary natural killer cells. Moreover, miR-483-3p is identified as a critical regulator of IGF-1 expression in natural killer cells. Overexpression of miR-483-3p has an effect similar to IGF-1 blockade and decreased natural killer cell cytotoxicity, whereas inhibition of miR-483-3p has the opposite effect, which is reversible with IGF-1 neutralizing antibody. These findings indicate that IGF-1 and miR-483-3p belong to a new class of natural killer cell functional modulators and strengthen the prominent role of IGF-1 in innate immunity.
Molecular characterization of the interaction between cucumber necrosis virus and zoospores of the fungal vector olpidium bornovanus (2009)

In this thesis, the molecular biology of the interaction between Cucumber necrosis tombusvirus (CNV) and zoospores of its fungal vector, Olpidium bornovanus, was examined. Serial passage in the absence of O. bornovanus produced a pool of C NV variants deficient in fungus transmission. Variants of CNV had mutations and/or deletions in genomic RNA that affected various stages of the virus multiplication-cycle, thereby decreasing transmissibility. One transmission mutant, LL5, was selected for further characterization since this mutant retained stable, intact particles and was as infectious as wild-type CNV. Sequencing of the LL5 coat protein (CP) and subsequent site-directed mutagenesis of the CNV CP indicated that a single nucleotide substitution resulting in a Glu to Lys substitution in the CNV CP shell domain was responsible for the reduced transmission of LL5. An in vitro binding assay was developed to determine if LL5 was deficient at the level of attachment to fungal zoospores. LL5 bound zoospores at approximately 50% the level of wild-type CNV indicating that the reduced ability to bind zoospores was at least partially responsible for the reduced transmission. Further examination of the binding of several O. bornovanus-transmitted viruses to O. bornovanus zoospores indicated that the ability to bind zoospores in vitro correlates with the known biological specificity of transmission. Additionally, it was found that binding of CNV to O. bornovanus was saturable, with a maximum of 1.75 X 10[superscript 4] virus particles bound per zoospore. It was also determined that CNV can competitively inhibit binding of another O. bornovanus-transmitted virus, Melon necrotic spot carmovirus. Taken together, these results suggest that O. bornovanus zoospores contain specific receptor molecule(s) for attachment of C N V particles. Amino acid sequence relationships among the coat proteins of several small spherical plant RNA viruses including four known to be transmitted by O. bornovanus were examined. Interestingly, the coat protein sequences of the four O. bornovanus transmitted viruses were closely related, despite the affinities of these viruses to distinct taxonomic groups. Two regions within the otherwise non-conserved coat protein protruding domain were particularly conserved. These data further suggest the involvement of specific coat protein sequences in the fungus transmission process.
Transport-based analysis, modeling, and learning from signal and data\n distributions (2016)

Transport-based techniques for signal and data analysis have received\nincreased attention recently. Given their abilities to provide accurate\ngenerative models for signal intensities and other data distributions, they\nhave been used in a variety of applications including content-based retrieval,\ncancer detection, image super-resolution, and statistical machine learning, to\nname a few, and shown to produce state of the art in several applications.\nMoreover, the geometric characteristics of transport-related metrics have\ninspired new kinds of algorithms for interpreting the meaning of data\ndistributions. Here we provide an overview of the mathematical underpinnings of\nmass transport-related methods, including numerical implementation, as well as\na review, with demonstrations, of several applications.\n
Design and Control of a Multi-jointed Robot Finger Driven by an Artificial Muscle Actuator (2010)

In this paper, we present a robotic actuation system using an artificial muscle actuator based on a dielectric elastomer. A novel linear actuator called a 'multi-stacked actuator' is proposed that can be embedded in the phalanges of a multi-jointed robot finger. This actuator ensures a compact design of the overall system. As an example, a 2-d.o.f. robot finger is developed and its performance under the proposed actuator system is experimentally demonstrated. The application of the proposed system can be extended easily to a multifingered robot hand and even to articulated mechanisms such as legged robots, etc.
Low-voltage electrowetting on a lipid bilayer formed on hafnium oxide (2011)

We present a class of electrowetting systems in which lipid bilayers on thin hafnium oxide films function as reversibly wettable dielectrics, eliminating the need for solid organic dielectrics (e.g., fluoropolymers) in electrowetting systems. These bilayers self-assemble on hafnium oxide in oil, yielding a dielectric stack that can withstand high electric fields, enabling high contact angle changes at unprecedentedly low voltages. We demonstrate that these electrowetting systems can be virtually free of contact angle saturation with low oil-water surface energies (&amp;lt;1 mJ/m2), allowing for a reversible contact angle change from over 140° to under 10° using less than 1 V actuation.
Theoretical modeling of a nanoplasmonic–whispering-gallery-mode hybrid microresonator for estimating enhancement of single-molecule Raman scattering and fluorescence (2019)

We propose a high-quality-factor nanoplasmonic–whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) hybrid microresonator (HMR) for the enhancement of a single-molecule Raman scattering signal. Using the reactive sensing principle, we have analytically developed a working formula for estimating the enhancement factor (η) that depends on the quality factor of the WGM as well as on the power and wavelength of incident light. The simulations, carried out using developed theory, revealed that the enhancement due to the HMR is at least 1–3 orders higher relative to the conventional surface-enhanced Raman scattering technique. The HMR efficiency for obtaining a higher value of η was found to depend on efficient evanescent coupling of laser light into the HMR. The proposed HMR was also found suitable in enhancing single-molecule fluorescence. Finally, suitable nanoplasmonic structures have been proposed for making efficient HMRs for studying single-molecule Raman scattering/fluorescence, and their local field strengths have been estimated using the finite element method.
Molecular Biology of the Ewing’s Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor Family (2000)

Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are members of a tumor family consistently associated with chromosomal translocation and functional fusion of the EWS gene to any of several structurally related transcription factor genes. Similar gene fusion events occur in other mesenchymal and hematopoietic tumors and are tumor-specific. The resulting novel transcription factor-like chimeric proteins are believed to contribute to tumor biology by aberrant regulation of gene expression altering critical controls of cell proliferation and differentiation. These tumor-specific molecular rearrangements are useful for primary diagnosis, may provide prognostic information, and present potential therapeutic targets. The recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of ES and PNET represent a paradigm for the application of the basic biology of neoplasia to clinical management of patients.
A Semantic Infrastructure to Support a Federation of Agricultural Learning Repositories (2008)

This paper outlines how Semantic Web technologies are being adopted, specialized, and put in practice in order to set up a technical infrastructure that will facilitate sharing and reusing of learning resources. The case study is a federation of learning repositories with learning resources on agricultural topics.
150 Costs of injuries for vulnerable road users in motor vehicle crashes, United States, 2018 (2022)

<h3>Statement of Purpose</h3> We identify fatal, and hospital treated injuries to motorcyclists, pedalcyclists, and pedestrians in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) and estimate the financial impact of these injuries. <h3>Methods/Approach</h3> We computed costs of crash injuries to these vulnerable road users by multiplying 2018 incidence by age group, sex, travel mode, and injury severity times corresponding unit costs. Nonfatal incidence came from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) and fatal incidence from Multiple Cause of Death (MCOD) data. Unit medical, work, and quality of life costs over the victim’s remaining lifespan absent the crash came from a published model that we ran on 2013–2014 NIS and NEDS (the last years coded in the 9th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) that forms the nonfatal costing backbone). We ran a separate published cost model on the 2018 ICD-10 MCOD data. We report all costs in 2020 dollars. <h3>Results</h3> Total costs of MVC injuries to vulnerable road users in 2018 were $224 billion, or $685 per capita. The value of lost quality of life comprised 83.4%, work loss 13.8%, and medical costs 2.8%. Motorcyclists had per capita costs around $310, with costs around $300 for pedestrians, and approximately $75 for cyclists. While fatally injured victims were only 4% of the total study population, their injuries resulted in 37% of costs. Male MVC victims accounted for disproportionate costs per capita, with the greatest per capita costs ($804) for male motorcycle riders ages 21 through 69. Costs per capita were quite low for adult female pedalcyclists and children under 16 for all three modes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Child bicyclist injury costs exceeded adult costs in 2000. That changed, perhaps because helmet use and ridership shifted. Crash incidence and cost data for vulnerable road users can aid decision-making on road design and policy interventions.
Factors influencing success in integrated product development (IPD) projects (2001)

Given the fact that there are thousands of components involved in the development process of an automobile or other similar complex products, coupled with many groups of people with different backgrounds, it is important to explore factors that can help the integration of the different groups and the tasks leading to project success. The authors conducted five in-depth case studies in one European automobile company and three first-tier suppliers also based in Europe. They focus not only on internal management, but also on the external management of integrated development projects (IPDs). Their data showed that there are five key areas-brand or vision deployment, understanding of customer needs or specifications, supplier involvement in the development process, project management and purchasing-that can contribute to the success of integrated development projects. They identify a number of critical issues in the aforementioned key areas that could help to improve the management and, thus, enhance the success potential of IPD projects. This paper explores the issues relating to success in IPD projects in companies that outsource the component/systems development.
Synthesis of 2-(4-amino-4-deoxy-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)thiazole-4-carboxamide, a carbon-linked nucleoside with a free pyrrolidine sugar (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2-(4-amino-4-deoxy-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)thiazole-4-carboxamide, a carbon-linked nucleoside with a free pyrrolidine sugarGanesh D. Kini, William J. Hennen, and Roland K. RobinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 23, 4436–4439Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00373a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00373a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PdI2 as a Simple and Efficient Catalyst for the Hydroamination of Arylacetylenes with Anilines (2020)

The hydroamination reaction is a convenient alternative strategy for the formation of C–N bonds. Herein, we report a new versatile and convenient protocol for the hydroamination of arylacetylenes with anilines using palladium iodide in the absence of any added ligand as catalyst. Mild conditions, excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, and high functional group tolerance are the main features of this methodology. A subsequent reduction step gives access to a wide variety of secondary aromatic amines.
Life-threatening arrhythmias with autosomal recessive TECRL variants (2020)

Patients with biallelic pathogenic TECRL variants present with variable cardiac arrhythmia phenotypes, including those typical of long QT syndrome and CPVT. Nadolol and propranolol may be superior beta-blockers in this setting. No cardiac disease or sudden death was present in patients with a heterozygous genotype.
El arte público en la posmodernidad: Kitsch, ironía e interacción con el ciudadano (2007)

Los momentos de mayor esplendor para el arte público han sido el siglo XIX y primeras décadas del siglo XX, donde primaba el tradicional concepto monumental, y desde los años 70 hasta la actualidad, con unos presupuestos novedosos y muy heterogéneos. La mayor parte de los estudios sobre arte público se han centrado en la concepción tradicional, pero en los últimos años estamos asistiendo a un interés cada vez mayor por las tendencias más novedosas dentro del arte público. Dentro de éstas, merece especial atención el periodo de la posmodernidad. Es durante la década de los años 80 cuando se produce el gran boom del arte público, adquiriendo una serie de características, propias de la posmodernidad, que nada tenían que ver con la concepción más tradicional, que hasta entonces era la que mayor peso tenía. Este artículo es un acercamiento al arte público de este periodo, abordado mediante el análisis de algunas de las características que ostentan estas obras: lo kitsch, la ironía y la interrelación con el ciudadano.
Prefabricated High-Strength Rebar Systems with High-Performance Concrete for Accelerated Construction of Nuclear Concrete Structures. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Data Acquisition for Engineering Analysis of Citrus Evaporators (1980)

ABSTRACT A data acquisition system using a minicomputer was developed to monitor and control a pilot plant citrus evaporator. Juice feed, solids (Brix), steam flow, temperature, and vacuum were measured to formulate a heat and mass relationship for the multiple effect unit. The process model compared favorably with actual operating conditions when adequate system losses were incorporated.
Empiric antibiotic selection criteria for respiratory infections in pediatric practice (1997)

When an extended spectrum antimicrobial is appropriate for empiric therapy, selection should be based on: (1) efficacy; (2) adverse event profile; and (3) compliance-enhancing features (dosing with meals, once or twice daily administration, good palatability in suspension, shortened course of therapy and affordability). A new agent, ceftibuten, has recently joined other extended spectrum cephalosporins and newer macrolides (clarithromycin and azithromycin) as a choice to be considered for empiric therapy for respiratory infections. These antimicrobials are differentiated from each other and traditional agents by differences in activity in vitro against penicillin-resistant pneumococci, relative beta-lactamase stability against Gram-negative bacteria and pharmacodynamic properties. When resistant organisms are isolated or suspected in community-acquired respiratory infections, cautious use of newer antibiotics may have to be considered.
αB-crystallin regulation of angiogenesis by modulation of VEGF (2009)

alphaB-crystallin is a chaperone belonging to the small heat shock protein family. Herein we show attenuation of intraocular angiogenesis in alphaB-crystallin knockout (alphaB-crystallin(-/-)) mice in 2 models of intraocular disease: oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mRNA and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha protein expression were induced during retinal angiogenesis, but VEGF-A protein expression remained low in alphaB-crystallin(-/-) retina versus wild-type mice, whereas VEGF-R2 expression was not affected. Both alphaB-crystallin and its phosphorylated serine59 formwere expressed, and immunoprecipitation revealed alphaB-crystallin binding to VEGF-A but not transforming growth factor-beta in cultured retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. alphaB-crystallin and VEGF-A are colocalized in the endoplasmic reticulum in RPE cells under chemical hypoxia. alphaB-crystallin(-/-) RPE showed low VEGF-A secretion under serum-starved conditions compared with wild-type cells. VEGF-A is polyubiquitinated in control and alphaB-crystallin siRNA treated RPE; however, mono-tetra ubiquitinated VEGF-A increases with alphaB-crystallin knockdown. Endothelial cell apoptosis in newly formed vessels was greater in alphaB-crystallin(-/-) than wild-type mice. Proteasomal inhibition in alphaB-crystallin(-/-) mice partially restores VEGF-A secretion and angiogenic phenotype in choroidal neovascularization. Our studies indicate an important role for alphaB-crystallin as a chaperone for VEGF-A in angiogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Potential biomarkers for predicting outcomes in CABG cardiothoracic surgeries (2013)

The variations in recovery time, complications, and survival among cardiac patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures are vast. Many formulas and theories are used to predict clinical outcome and recovery time, and current prognostic predictions are based on medical and family history, lifestyle, co-morbidities, and performance status. The identification of biomarkers that provide concrete evidence supporting clinical outcome has greatly affected the field of medicine, helping clinicians in many medicine sub-specialties to forecast clinical course. Recent studies have discovered biomarkers that may be used as predictors of cardiac patients' status post-cardiothoracic surgery, and the applications are numerous. In this review, we assess currently available cardiac biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcome for post-operative CABG patients. Data were collected from various studies in which cardiac biomarkers were measured in pre-operative and post-operative CABG patients.
Tribology of self-assembled monolayers (1998)

Tribological properties of materials and interfaces on the micron scale have not been investigated until recently. With the development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) further understanding of frictional processes on the micron scale is needed. MEMS are a billion dollar a year industry and significant growth is seen in the future. To ensure growth, frictional properties of MEMS need to be understood. To date, several technologies have been investigated with the goal of minimizing frictional forces experience in MEMS. All have shown utility that falls short of the needs of the MEMS community. One recent development is the utility of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as friction reducing coatings for MEMS. SAMs are formed from the reaction of siloxanes with silica surfaces. The atomic force microscope (AFM) has permitted microscopic studies of friction. However, due to problem with calibration of the AFM only qualitative or comparative results can be obtained. Only by studying two SAMs that have been formed adjacent to one another on a surface can we obtain quantitative or comparative friction results. We have developed a comparative technique for studying friction of SAMs using a photolithographic patterning technique. We present a validation process that verifies the reliability of the method, results that compare frictional properties of various straight chain SAMs to silica and results of frictional studies of novel SAM moieties. Results indicate that the frictional properties of SAMs are derived from a combination of several sources. The significant contributors to friction of SAMs are, dispersion interactions, dipole-dipole interactions and conformational lability of the monolayer.
ELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSE OF TWO‐DIMENSIONAL INHOMOGENEITIES IN A DISSIPATIVE HALF‐SPACE FOR TURAM INTERPRETATION * (1973)

A bstract An integral equation technique based on the integral formulation of the electric field of a harmonically excited line‐source in the presence of a two‐dimensional scattering in‐homogeneity is outlined. In this treatment the inhomogeneity is assumed to have an arbitrary cross‐sectional shape and to be located in a layered, dissipative half‐space. The scattering responses in terms of the horizontal and the vertical magnetic field components observed on the ground surface are studied for a variety of geologic models involving overburden layers, vertical or inclined veins and multiple inhomogeneities. The horizontal component of the total magnetic field appears to be the most diagnostic response parameter. A thin vein shaped target with a cross sectional area of 0.05 δ 2 × 0.50 δ 2 (δ 2 being the skin‐depth in the lower half‐space) located 0.50 δ 2 away from the line‐source and under a highly conductive overburden layer (σ 1 /σ 2 = 300) of thickness 0.02 δ 2 is easily detected with a moderate resolution. The scattering responses are also sensitive to changes in depths of burial, inclination and conductivity contrast with the surrounding half‐space of the target inhomogeneity. An interpretation scheme as well as a number of characteristic detectability parameters are developed for the conventional Turam method used in mineral exploration.
Measurements of Atmospheric Attenuation on an Earth-Space Path at 90 GHz Using a Sun Tracker (1971)

Measurements of 90-GHz attenuation through the total atmosphere due to absorption by clouds, fog and rain are presented and compared with simultaneous measurements at 16 GHz. It is seen that rain is the most important contributor to atmospheric extinction at 90 GHz, light rain causing greater then 25-dB attenuation on a number of occasions during the measurement period.