gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flip-chip bonded optoelectronic integration based on ultrathin silicon (UTSi) CMOS (2003)

We describe the design and test of flip-chip bonded optoelectronic CMOS devices based on Peregrine Semiconductor's 0.5 micron Ultra-Thin Silicon on sapphire (UTSi) technology. The UTSi process eliminates the substrate leakage that typically results in crosstalk and reduces parasitic capacitance to the substrate, providing many benefits compared to bulk silicon CMOS. The low-loss synthetic sapphire substrate is optically transparent and has a coefficient of thermal expansion suitable for flip-chip bonding of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and detectors. We have designed two different UTSi CMOS chips. One contains a flip-chip bonded 1 x 4 photodiode array, a receiver array, a double edge triggered D-flip flop-based 2047-pattern pseudo random bit stream (PRBS) generator and a quadrature-phase LC-voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The other chip contains a flip-chip bonded 1 x 4 VCSEL array, a driver array based on high-speed low-voltage differential signals (LVDS) and a full-balanced differential LC-VCO. Each VCSEL driver and receiver has individual input and bias voltage adjustments. Each UTSi chip is mounted on different printed circuit boards (PCBs) which have holes with about 1 mm radius for optical output and input paths through the sapphire substrate. We discuss preliminary testing of these chips.
History of the American College Health Association (2011)

Following Dr Edward Hitchcock's lead at Amherst College in 1861, soon other institutions of higher education established physical education departments that evolved into independent college health programs. As the field of college health expanded, leaders from numerous campuses began meeting to share information and discuss formation of a national organization. As a result, the American Student Health Association was founded in 1920 to promote campus health care for students and advance the interests of college health. The name was changed to the American College Health Association in 1948. The past history of this organization has been well documented in the literature, so this review will focus more on ACHA's accomplishments over the past 20 years.(1)(,) (2)(,) (3)(,) (4).
Influence of RVFV Infection on Olfactory Perception and Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster (2023)

In blood-feeding dipterans, olfaction plays a role in finding hosts and, hence, in spreading pathogens. Several pathogens are known to alter olfactory responses and behavior in vectors. As a mosquito-borne pathogen, Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) can affect humans and cause great losses in livestock. We test the influence of RVFV infection on sensory perception, olfactory choice behavior and activity on a non-biting insect, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, using electroantennograms (EAG), Y-maze, and locomotor activity monitor. Flies were injected with RVFV MP12 strain. Replication of RVFV and its persistence for at least seven days was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR). One day post injection, infected flies showed weaker EAG responses towards 1-hexanol, vinegar, and ethyl acetate. In the Y-maze, infected flies showed a significantly lower response for 1-hexanol compared to uninfected flies. At days six or seven post infection, no significant difference between infected and control flies could be found in EAG or Y-maze anymore. Activity of infected flies was reduced at both time points. We found an upregulation of the immune-response gene, nitric oxide synthase, in infected flies. An infection with RVFV is able to transiently reduce olfactory perception and attraction towards food-related odors in <i>Drosophila</i>, while effects on activity and immune effector gene expression persist. A similar effect in blood-feeding insects could affect vector competence in RVFV transmitting dipterans.
Clonal determination by the fragile X (FMR1) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) genes in hematological malignancies. (1994)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clonality assay based on the principle of random X chromosome methylation in females provides a potentially important tool in both cancer research and diagnostics. This assay, however, has not been compared to the standard Southern blot assay and is limited by the rate of heterozygosity of the X-linked phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and androgen receptor genes, the only two genes yet described with which this technique may be used. Using 46 marrow and blood specimens from females with and without hematological malignancies, the PCR and Southern blot methods of clonality were compared. In addition, a new technique based on the highly polymorphic fragile X (FMR1) locus was examined. The rate of heterozygosity was 25% for the PGK gene and 45% for the FMR1 gene. In the PCR assay, 7 of 8 and 11 of 14 normal control specimens showed a polyclonal methylation pattern in the PGK and FMR1 genes, respectively. Of the malignant specimens, 17 of 17 and 17 of 18 showed a monoclonal methylation pattern in the PGK and FMR1 genes, respectively. The Southern blot and PCR assay gave similar results with regards to the PGK gene. It is concluded that the PCR and Southern blot clonality assays are comparable with regards to the PGK gene and that both the PGK and FMR1 genes may be reliably used in the determination of clonality. The methods, however, are limited by the skewed methylation patterns seen in hematological specimens in a significant number of normal females.
Supercritical fluid for sample introduction in supersonic jet spectrometry (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fluid for sample introduction in supersonic jet spectrometryHiromi. Fukuoka, Totaro. Imasaka, and Nobuhiko. IshibashiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 2, 375–379Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00293a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00293a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acidic fermentation in the caecum increases absorption of calcium and magnesium in the large intestine of the rat (1996)

Abstract The effect of fermentation on colonic absorption of Ca and Mg was investigated in 8-week-old rats adapted to diets containing either digestible wheat starch (DS diets) or including resistant starch, i.e. 350 g raw potato starch/kg (RS diets). The dietary Ca level of the DS and RS diets was 2·5 or 7·5 g/kg. RS diets resulted in enlargements of the caecum together with hypertrophy of the caecal wall. Acidification of the caecal contents by mictobial fermentation of RS was influenced by the dietary Ca level. Very acidic pH conditions and relatively low concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, in the presence of lactic acid fermentation, were observed with the 2·5 g Ca/kg level. Rats fed on RS diets had a bhigher pencentage of soluble Ca (and inorganic phosphate) in the caecum, particularly of rats adapted to the high Ca level. As a result of the hypertrophy of the caecal wall and of an elevated concentration of soluble Cas, the caecal absorption of Ca was 5-6 fold higher in the RS groups than in the DS groups. The difference between dietary intakle and faecal excretion (DI-FE) of Ca was higher in rats fed on RS diets than in those fed on DS diets, when the dietary Ca level was 2·5 g/kg. With the higher Ca intake the elevated rate of Ca absorption from the caecum in RS-fed rats was not paralleled by an enhanced DI-EE difference: this suggests a shift of the Ca absorption towards the large intestine. Feeding Rs diets also enhanced Mg caecal absorption, resulting in the substatntially higher DI-FE difference for Mg, especially with the 2·5 g Ca/kg diets, because a high Ca intake tends to inhibit Mg absorption. The present findings support the view that the large intestine may represent a major site of Ca (and Mg) absorption when acidic fermentations take place. This process could improve the digestive Ca balance when the dietary Ca supply is low; when the Ca supply is affluent, it rather shits Ca absorption towards a more distal site fo the digestive tract.
Multi-feature edge detection with the feature of local image complexity (2005)

Abstract:- In this paper, the local fuzzy fractal dimension (LFFD) is proposed to represent the feature of local image complexity. The definition of LFFD is an extension of the box-counting dimension of discrete sets by incorporating the fuzzy set. The relationship between LFFD and local intensity changing is investigated by experiments, which proves that LFFD is an important feature of edges and is insensitive to noises. Multi-feature edge detection is implemented with the LFFD and the Sobel operator. The experimental results show that the incorporation of LFFD in edge detection improves the quality of edge detection results. Key-Words:- Edge detection, fractal, local fuzzy fractal dimension, local image complexity, multi-feature
A photo-degradable supramolecular hydrogel for selective delivery of microRNA into 3D-cultured cells (2017)

Multi-functional supramolecular hydrogels have emerged as smart biomaterials for diverse biomedical applications. Here we report a multi-functional supramolecular hydrogel formed by the conjugate of the bioactive GRGDS peptide with biaryltetrazole that is the substrate of photo-click reaction. The hydrogel was used as a biocompatible matrix to encapsulate live cells for 3D culture. The presence of the RGD epitope in the hydrogelator enhanced the interaction of the nanofiber with integrin over-expressing cells, which resulted in the selective enhancement in the miRNA delivery into the encapsulated U87 cells. The intramolecular photo-click reaction of the biaryltetrazole moiety in the hydrogelator leads to a sensitive photo-response of the hydrogel, which allowed photo-degradation of the hydrogel for release of the encapsulated live cells for further bio-assay of the intracellular species.
Measuring Surface Wind Velocity Changes (2015)

<abstract> <b>Abstract.</b> Agricultural spray drift is affected by many factors ranging from current weather conditions and the topography of the surrounding area, to the properties at the nozzle and the height at which the spray is released. Wind direction, speed, and solar radiation during the late spring/summer spray season of 2014 was measured at 10 Hz. Instrumentation was placed one meter off the ground to simulate conditions of a sprayer. Data was used to measure wind changes as it moved from one sensor to another, and to evaluate under what conditions wind may be most likely to have a significant direction or speed change. The data suggests that little to no linear correlation exists between an upwind and downwind sensors when measured in one minute segments, after adjusting for lag between the two sensors. The linear correlation values for wind direction and speed were 0.28 and 0.20 respectively. The downwind sensor measured a wind direction greater than 20 degrees different from the upwind sensors 16% of the time. The downwind sensor measured 1 m/s different wind speed from the upwind sensor 40% of the time. Histograms of wind big change events, where the difference in wind direction 30 seconds in the future and the current wind direction was greater than a set tolerance, were created for tolerances of 5, 25, and 45 degrees. For all tolerances, lower wind speeds (< 3 m/s) gave rise to more wind change events.
Terrain navigation by vibrating potential method (2002)

The paper presents an approach to terrain navigation by the vibrating potential method (VPM). In our VPM, the energy interactions on the problem considered are represented as the dynamical interactions of autonomous agents, which are defined as wave motions. We define the terrain information and vehicles as vibrating potential fields (VPF). The vehicle can decide its own movement through detection of the wave motion in the environmental surroundings. We explain the VPM, and then apply this method to navigate vehicles on the dynamical field by computer simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of 4-Amino-3-(2-Furyl)-5-Mercapto-1,2,4-Triazole as Potential HIV-1 NNRTIs (2007)

A series of 5-alkylthio (2a-d), 4-arylideneamino (3a-d) and 4-arylideneamino-5-alkylthio derivatives (4a-f) of 4-amino-3-(2-furyl)-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (1) were synthesized by alkylation of the parent compound with alkyl halides and condensation with aldehydes, respectively. Sulfanyl dimers 5a-d and 4-iminomethyl dimer 6 were correspondingly prepared by reaction with alkane dibromides and 1,4-diformylbenzene. Mannich base 7 was also synthesized by aminomethylation of the 3-sulfanyltriazole 1 at the N1 position. The newly designed and synthesized substituted s-triazole derivatives were assayed for anti-HIV-1 activity by examination of their inhibition of HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells and by determination of their inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Compound 4e was found to be the most active inhibitor against HIV-1 replication in cell culture (EC50 = 12 microM) and against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC50 = 43.5 microM), which provided a good lead for further optimization.
Electrical and Mechanical Behaviour of Copper Tufted CFRP Composite Joints (2021)

Electrical continuity of dissimilar joints controls the current and thermal pathways during lightning strike. Tufting using carbon, glass or Kevlar fibres is a primary to introduce through thickness reinforcement for composite structures and assemblies. Replacing the conventional tuft thread material with metallic conductive wire presents an opportunity for enhancing current dissipation and deal with electrical bottlenecks across dissimilar joints. Simulation of the electro-thermo-mechanical behaviour of joints was carried out to assess the influence of metallic tufting. The finite element solver MSC.Marc was utilised. Mechanical models incorporate continuum damage mechanics (CDM) to capture progressive damage in both composite and aluminium components of the joint. The mechanical models were coupled with electrical and thermal simulations of reference and copper tufted carbon fibre epoxy composite joints to assess both the lightning strike response and mechanical robustness of the assembly as well as the improvements offered by tufting. Validation of the model is based on electrical conduction and temperature measurements alongside delamination tests.
Childhood trauma moderates schizotypy-related brain morphology: Analyses of 1,182 healthy individuals from the ENIGMA Schizotypy working group (2022)

ABSTRACT Schizotypy represents an index of psychosis-proneness in the general population often associated with childhood trauma exposure. Both schizotypy and childhood trauma are linked to structural brain alterations, and it is possible that trauma exposure moderates the extent of brain morphological differences associated with schizotypy. We addressed this question using data from a total of 1,182 healthy adults (age range: 18-65 years old, 647 females/535 males), pooled from nine sites worldwide, contributing to the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Schizotypy working group. All participants completed both the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief version (SPQ-B), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and underwent a 3D T1-weighted brain MRI scan from which regional indices of subcortical grey matter volume and cortical thickness were determined. A series of multiple linear regressions revealed that differences in cortical thickness in four regions-of-interest were significantly associated with interactions between schizotypy and trauma; subsequent moderation analyses indicated that increasing levels of schizotypy were associated with thicker left caudal anterior cingulate gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and insula, and thinner left caudal middle frontal gyrus, in people exposed to higher (but not low or average) levels of childhood trauma. This was found in the context of thicker bilateral medial orbitofrontal gyri, right rostral anterior cingulate gyrus, left temporal pole, left insula, and thinner left paracentral lobule directly associated with increasing levels of schizotypy. In addition, thinner left postcentral, superior parietal and lingual gyri, as well as thicker left caudal middle frontal gyrus and smaller left thalamus and right caudate were associated with increasing levels of childhood trauma exposure. These results suggest that alterations in brain regions critical for higher cognitive and integrative processes that are associated with schizotypy may be enhanced in individuals exposed to high levels of trauma.
Slow wall motion in oxidized permalloy films (1972)

Slow domain wall motion, persisting to liquid helium temperatures, is reported for an oxidized permalloy thin film. Films protected from oxidation or reduced in dry hydrogen after oxidation fail to exhibit this phenomenon at any temperature between 300 and 5 °K. Observations are made using the magneto-optic Kerr effect and the motion is also shown directly by a lapsed-time photographic technique. The behavior is closely correlated with the hystersis loop contraction characteristic of the oxidized film at very low temperatures. Measured slow wall velocities range from 10−1 to 10−3 cm/s; the logarithm of the velocity varies linearly with the applied magnetic field, with a slope that increases with increasing temperature. Dans le cas d'un film mince en permalloy oxydé, on examine les mouvements lents des parois de domaines, tels qu'ils subsistent aux températures de l'hélium liquide. Les films protégés de l'oxydation ou réduits dans l'hydrogène sec après oxydation ne rêvèlent ce phénomène pour aucune température dans l'intervalle de 300 à 5 °K. On procède à des observations qui utilisent l'effet magnéto-optique de Kerr, et le mouvement est rendu apparent par une technique de photographie en temps écoulé. L'évolution est en corrélation étroite avec la propriété de contraction de la boule d'hystérésis du film oxydé à très basse température. Les vitesses de déplacement lent des parois sont de l'ordre de 10−1 a 10−3 cm/s; le logarithme de la vitesse croǐt linéairement avec le champ magnétique appliqué, et la pente augmente à température croissante.
The durability of silicone versus latex mock arteries. (2001)

Latex mock arteries used in medical device testing allow researchers to evaluate mechanical characteristics of intravascular medical products without using animal or human clinical studies for this data. Such intravascular situations include determining properties such as drag and steerability of catheters, recoil of vascular stents, and clinician training. In fatigue testing, the latex mock arteries are used to receive deployed products and are then repeatedly pressurized at biologically relevant pressures to determine the long term durability of the product. By matching dimensions and pressure-volume relationships (compliance) of these latex tubes, researchers have a reliable means to evaluate and predict product lifetimes. The problem with latex mock arteries is two-fold: First, they are opaque so the product inside the artery cannot be seen during evaluation of the integrity of the product or during clinical training sessions. Second, latex tubes fatigue; therefore, the loading that they place on the internalized products varies with time. During long term durability studies, latex tubes may have to be replaced as often as every 100 million cycles. This can be problematic with products that are difficult to redeploy. We have developed a clear silicone mock artery system that allows us to fabricate three-dimensional objects, including tubes with precise geometric and mechanical properties. Our evaluations show that the mock arteries can be stressed up to 400 million cycles with little or no change in mechanical properties. We are in the process of continuing evaluations to determine long term durability.
A UWB Multiple Antenna System for NBI Mitigation under Rayleigh and Ricean Fading (2006)

In this paper, a narrowband interference (NBI) mitigation scheme for ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) signals using multiple receive antennas is examined. The low spatial fading of UWB signals relative to NBI signals is exploited to provide "interference selection diversity". Whereas classical selection diversity is designed to maximize the desired received signal power, the aim of interference selection diversity is to minimize the effective NBI power. Expressions for the probability of error of the selection diversity scheme are derived for both Rayleigh and Ricean NBI fading scenarios. The improvement in received signal-to-interference ratio is also mathematically investigated. It is shown that doubling the number of antennas results in a 3-dB performance improvement for the Rayleigh fading case. Less substantial gains are observed under Ricean fading.
Endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy: Theory, technique, and patency (1987)

Ostial obstruction is a major factor in the pathogenesis of sinusitis. Detailed diagnostic evaluation in patients with maxillary sinusitis demonstrates the prominence of disease in the ethmoidal infundibulum and in adjacent ethmoid cells. Surgical procedures performed to improve maxillary sinusitis by inferior meatal antrostomy leave residual disease in the ostiomeatal area and may result in persistent mucociliary obstruction. Historically, the possibility of closure following ostial manipulation and the importance of dependent drainage of the maxillary sinus have been cited as arguments against the middle meatal approach. In this study of middle meatal antrostomies the patency rate was 98% between 4 and 32 months. The postoperative endoscopic findings and symptomatic improvement suggest that mucociliary clearance occurs through the surgically widened ostium. We conclude that endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy does not lead to ostial stenosis.