gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrically driven single photon source at high temperature (2016)

We present a theoretical model for an electrically driven single photon source operating at high temperatures. We show that decoherence, which is usually the main obstacle for operating single photon sources at high temperatures, ensures an efficient operation of the presented electrically driven single photon source at high temperatures. The single-photon source is driven by a single electron source attached to a heterostructure semiconductor nanoring. The electron's dynamics in the nanoring and the subsequent recombination with the hole is described by the generalized master equation with a Hamiltonian based on tight-binding model, taking into account the electron-LO phonon interaction. As a result of decoherence, an almost 100% single photon emission with a strong antibunching behavior i.e. g(2)(0) << 1 at high temperature up to 300 K is achieved.
Role of 3D Alumina Foam Support on the Formation and Dispersion of Active NiMoS Phase for Hydrodesulfurization Application (2020)

The role of 3D alumina foam support (Al-F) and titania-modified alumina foam support (Al-F-Ti-X, where X represents the weight ratio of Al-F/TiO2) on the dispersion and catalytic activity of NiMo metals in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction of dibenzothiophene was studied in a batch reactor. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption desorption isotherm, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Al-F and Al-F-Ti-10 dispersed the active metals better than the other supports, and more MoS2 was formed on the Al-F-Ti-10 support. TiO2 incorporation into Al-F decreased its surface area but also increased its surface acidity. The Al-F catalyst exhibited a relatively higher HDS activity (81% DBT conversion) over the conventional γ-Al2O3-supported NiMo catalyst (72% conversion). The modified Al-F-Ti-10 catalyst demonstrated the highest HDS activity of 97% DBT conversion after 4 h of reaction.
In utero exposure to mainstream cigarette smoke alters neonatal pulmonary signaling networks and postnatal lung function (2013)

Background & Aim: Epidemiologic studies showed that maternal smoking during pregnancy is a main risk factor to develop asthma later in life. However, the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. MicroRNAs (miRs) act as master regulators of bronchoalveolar tissue morphogenesis and immune system development during embryo-fetal life. We therefore asked how maternal smoking during pregnancy affects 1) pulmonary maternal immune responses and 2) miR/mRNA networks in lungs of offspring in late fetal stage.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide relates to cough sensitivity in children with chronic cough (2007)

Airway neuropeptides, in particular calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), are likely to be important in the pathogenesis of chronic cough. The present authors evaluated the following: 1) the relationship between cough sensitivity and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) neuropeptides; and 2) the effect of reflux oesophagitis (RO) on cough, cough sensitivity and BAL neuropeptides in children not selected for cough. It was hypothesised that CGRP would be increased in children with chronic cough and would relate to cough sensitivity. Capsaicin cough sensitivity was performed in children undergoing gastro-duodenal endoscopy. CGRP, substance P and neurokinin A were measured in BAL obtained nonbronchoscopically. Children were defined as "coughers" if chronic cough was present. Coughers (n = 21) had significantly reduced cough sensitivity but were just as likely as noncoughers (n = 19) to have RO. The median CGRP was significantly higher in coughers with oesophagitis than in noncoughers with oesophagitis. CGRP significantly negatively correlated to cough sensitivity in coughers but not in noncoughers. Elevated calcitonin gene-related peptide, but not substance P or neurokinin A, is only associated with chronic cough in children when oesophagitis coexists. Calcitonin gene-related peptide in bronchoalveolar lavage relates to cough sensitivity and is likely to be important in the pathophysiology of chronic cough.
Dibenzomethanopentacene‐Based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity for Use in Gas‐Separation Membranes (2022)

Abstract Dibenzomethanopentacene (DBMP) is shown to be a useful structural component for making Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) with promise for making efficient membranes for gas separations. DBMP‐based monomers for PIMs are readily prepared using a Diels–Alder reaction between 2,3‐dimethoxyanthracene and norbornadiene as the key synthetic step. Compared to date for the archetypal PIM‐1, the incorporation of DBMP simultaneously enhances both gas permeability and the ideal selectivity for one gas over another. Hence, both ideal and mixed gas permeability data for DBMP‐rich co‐polymers and an amidoxime modified PIM are close to the current Robeson upper bounds, which define the state‐of‐the‐art for the trade‐off between permeability and selectivity, for several important gas pairs. Furthermore, long‐term studies (over ≈3 years) reveal that the reduction in gas permeabilities on ageing is less for DBMP‐containing PIMs relative to that for other high performing PIMs, which is an attractive property for the fabrication of membranes for efficient gas separations.
Nefrectomía tradicional abierta de donador vivo versus laparoscopia asistida con mano (2010)

La nefrectomia laparoscopica ha demostrado tener una ventaja considerable sobre la evolucion de los donadores de trasplante renal, aun existe duda sobre la morbilidad que tiene en la evolucion de los receptores. Nuestro estudio comparara la funcion renal temprana y supervivencia en los receptores de nefrectomia convencional, asi como a quienes se les practico la laparoscopica asistida con mano en el Hospital San Jose Tec de Monterrey. • Metodologia Se examinaron retrospectivamente los expedientes de todos los pacientes sometidos a trasplante renal de donador vivo y a sus respectivos donadores durante el periodo de febrero de 1998 a mayo 2009. Se recolecto informacion demografica, antecedentes quirurgicos, laboratorios, dias de estancia intrahospitalaria y evolucion de los respectivos donantes y receptores. • Resultados La unica diferencia significativa que se encontro en los donadores fueron los dias de estancia intrahospitalaria: en la cirugia abierta se tuvo una media de 6.5 ±0.38 contra 4.4±0.25 de la cirugia laparoscopica (p=0.0002). Con respecto a los resultados de aclaramiento de la creatinina durante los primeros dias pos- Nefrectomia tradicional abierta de donador vivo versus laparoscopia asistida con mano 1, 2, 3 Residente de Medicina Interna del Programa Multicentrico de Especialidades del Tecnologico de Monterrey-SSNL. 4, 5, 6 Residente de Cirugia General del Programa Multicentrico de Especialidades del Tecnologico de Monterrey-SSNL. 7 Jefe de Servicio de Nefrologia del Hospital San Jose Tec de Monterrey. 8 Urologo del Hospital San Jose Tec de Monterrey. teriores al trasplante, en el grupo de cirugia abierta, la media de creatinina (mg/dl) serica a las 24 hrs fue 4.23±0.67 y de 4.64±0.53 en el grupo de laparoscopia (p=0.280); a los 7 dias fue de 1.67±0.32 vs. 2.91±0.59 (p=0.010); a los 15 dias fue de 1.24±0.08 vs. 3.02±0.77 (p=0.001); al primer mes fue de 1.09±0.07 vs. 1.36±0.07 (p=0.020); y al
Regulation of virulence gene expression in Vibrio cholerae by quorum sensing: HapR functions at the aphA promoter (2002)

Quorum sensing negatively influences virulence gene expression in certain toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains. At high cell densities, the response regulator LuxO fails to reduce the expression of HapR, which, in turn, represses the expression of the virulence cascade. A critical regulatory step in the cascade is activation of tcpPH expression by AphA and AphB. We show here that HapR influences the virulence cascade by directly repressing aphA expression. In strain C6706, aphA expression was increased in a delta hapR mutant and decreased in a delta luxO mutant, indicating a negative and positive influence, respectively, of these gene products on the promoter. Overexpression of HapR also reduced aphA expression in both C6706 and Escherichia coli. DNase I footprinting showed that purified HapR binds to the aphA promoter between -85 and -58. Although it appears that quorum sensing does not influence virulence gene expression in strain O395 solely because of a frameshift in hapR, overproduced HapR did not repress expression from the O395 aphA promoter in either Vibrio or E. coli, nor did the protein bind to the promoter. Two basepair differences from C6706 are present in the O395 HapR binding site at -85 and -77. Introducing the -77 change into C6706 prevented HapR binding and repression of aphA expression. This mutation also eliminated the repression of toxin-co-regulated pilus (TCP) and cholera toxin (CT) that occurs in a delta luxO mutant, indicating that HapR function at aphA is critical for density-dependent regulation of virulence genes.
Protein C Inhibitor—A Novel Antimicrobial Agent (2009)

Protein C inhibitor (PCI) is a heparin-binding serine proteinase inhibitor belonging to the family of serpin proteins. Here we describe that PCI exerts broad antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens. This ability is mediated by the interaction of PCI with lipid membranes, which subsequently leads to their permeabilization. As shown by negative staining electron microscopy, treatment of Escherichia coli or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria with PCI triggers membrane disruption followed by the efflux of bacterial cytosolic contents and bacterial killing. The antimicrobial activity of PCI is located to the heparin-binding site of the protein and a peptide spanning this region was found to mimic the antimicrobial activity of PCI, without causing lysis or membrane destruction of eukaryotic cells. Finally, we show that platelets can assemble PCI on their surface upon activation. As platelets are recruited to the site of a bacterial infection, these results may explain our finding that PCI levels are increased in tissue biopsies from patients suffering from necrotizing fasciitis caused by S. pyogenes. Taken together, our data describe a new function for PCI in innate immunity.
Item Pocket Method to Allow Response Review and Change in Computerized Adaptive Testing (2013)

Most computerized adaptive testing (CAT) programs do not allow test takers to review and change their responses because it could seriously deteriorate the efficiency of measurement and make tests vulnerable to manipulative test-taking strategies. Several modified testing methods have been developed that provide restricted review options while limiting the trade-off in CAT efficiency. The extent to which these methods provided test takers with options to review test items, however, still was quite limited. This study proposes the item pocket (IP) method, a new testing approach that allows test takers greater flexibility in changing their responses by eliminating restrictions that prevent them from moving across test sections to review their answers. A series of simulations were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the IP method against various manipulative test-taking strategies. Findings and implications of the study suggest that the IP method may be an effective solution for many CAT programs when the IP size and test time limit are properly set.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Addition Reaction of Alcohols across Olefins (2004)

2-Phenylethanol was added to olefins catalyzed by ruthenium catalytic system Cp*RuCl2(PPh3)/2AgOTf in toluene. This ­reaction proceeded without β-hydride elimination, giving saturated ethers in good yields.
Genetics in melanoma. (2004)

Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin tumors worldwide, with an annual increase in incidence over the past decade. The molecular mechanisms involved in melanoma pathogenesis are beginning to be unraveled. While a family history of melanoma and exposure to ultraviolet irradiation have been known for years as risk factors in melanoma development, the precise genes involved in inherited predisposition were defined only in the past decade. Germline mutations in two genes that play a pivotal role in controlling cell cycle and division--CDKN2A and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4)--have been detected in autosomal, dominant, high penetrance familial melanoma cases. In addition to these two highly penetrant genes, germline mutations and polymorphisms in a few low penetrance genes have been reported in familial melanoma cases: melanocortin-1 receptor, epidermal growth factor, glutathione s-transferase M1, cytochrome p450 debrisoquine hydroxylase locus (CYP2D6) and vitamin D receptor.
Nucleation−Elongation Polymerization under Imbalanced Stoichiometry (2003)

As a result of the helical structure of the polymeric product, the folding-driven polymerization of oligo(m-phenyleneethynylene) imines in solution should inherently show nucleation-elongation in chain growth. Here, we present evidence for this behavior based on results of polymerizations conducted under conditions of imbalanced stoichiometry. Because the polymerization proceeds via imine metathesis between a pair of bifunctional monomers of types A-A and B-B, the molar ratio of the polymerizing functional groups can be arbitrarily varied. Alternatively, stoichiometry can be controlled by the addition of a monofunctional oligomer. Similar results were obtained in both cases whereby the molecular weight distribution was significantly different from that expected for classical step-growth polymerizations. At equilibrium, high molecular weight polymers were observed to coexist with the monomer in excess. Thermodynamic equilibrium was established by showing that the same distribution was reached starting either from a monomer mixture or from high polymers to which one monomer was added. These results are in great contrast to the low molecular weight oligomers that were produced when the reaction was conducted by melt condensation of bifunctional aldehyde and amine monomers, a polymerization that apparently proceeds without the nucleation event. An equilibrium model that captures the features of nucleation-elongation under conditions of imbalanced stoichiometry qualitatively supports the monomer-polymer distribution observed experimentally.
An aggressive approach to marginally resectable lung cancer (1978)

Between July 1968 and December 1974, 53 patients with lung cancer were planned for preoperative irradiation and surgery. All patients were considered clinically marginally resectable because of advanced local disease, 4 Stage II patients, with limited pulmonary reserve and 49 Stage III patients. Most patients received 3000 to 4000 rad followed in two weeks by thoracotomy. Forty-six patients were explored and 38 were resectable. Twelve patients are alive with a median follow-up of 48 months. The cumulative 5-year survival of all resectable patients is 27%. The survival of patients with marginally resectable lung cancer treated by accelerated radiotherapy followed by aggressive surgery approaches the survival experience of patients with primary resectable lung cancer and is superior to such patients treated with radiation therapy alone.
Über die Geschwindigkeit der Aminolyse von verschiedenen neuen, aktivierten, N‐geschützten α‐Aminosäure‐phenylestern, insbesondere 2,4,5‐Trichlorphenylestern (1963)

Abstract A comparison of the ate of aminolysis of many substituted phenyl esters of N‐protected α‐amino‐acids shows that the 2,4,5‐trichlorophenyl esters are promising new active derivatives for the synthesis of peptides.
Performance Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells Based on PCBM-Modified ZnO-Nanorod Arrays (2016)

Here, we report a promising perovskite solar cell structure based on a modified ZnO-nanorod interfacial structure with improved stability. An organic surface modifier, i.e., [6,6]-phenyl C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">61</sub> butyric acid methyl ester (PCMB), was employed between the perovskite and the ZnO-nanorod arrays to modify the interface condition. As a result, the optimized structure improves the light absorption, accelerates the transfer of the carriers, and reduces the electron and hole recombination losses in the solar cell. A perovskite solar cell with a structure of FTO/ZnO-nanorods/PCBM/CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PbI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /Spiro-OMeTAD/Au gives an 18.8% enhancement in the short-circuit current density than a device without PCBM. Moreover, the open-circuit voltage was improved by 18.5% to 0.96 V. A power conversion efficiency of 11.67% was reached in cell with PCBM modification; results indicate that a modified ZnO-nanorod perovskite structure could have potential for even higher performance.
Light-Controlled Organic/Inorganic P−N Junction Nanowires (2008)

P-N junctions are of great importance both in modern electronic applications and in understanding other semiconductor devices. Organic/inorganic P-N junction nanowires composed of functional organic molecules and inorganic molecules may be able to realize new or improved chemical and physical properties that were not observed in the individual component on nanosize and their bulk materials. We report herein the fabrication of the organic/inorganic semiconductor P-N junction nanowire and the remarkable performance on the light-controlled diode within a single hybrid P-N junction nanowire. Controlling the conductivity of the P-N junction nanowire by the light irradiation simply to achieve diode work indicates a new way to realize the photoelectric integration in a single nanowire device.
Additive Manufacturing of 3D‐Architected Multifunctional Metal Oxides (2019)

Additive manufacturing (AM) of complex three-dimensional (3D) metal oxides at the micro- and nanoscales has attracted considerable attention in recent years. State-of-the-art techniques that use slurry-based or organic-inorganic photoresins are often hampered by challenges in resin preparation and synthesis, and/or by the limited resolution of patterned features. A facile process for fabricating 3D-architected metal oxides via the use of an aqueous metal-ion-containing photoresin is presented. The efficacy of this process, which is termed photopolymer complex synthesis, is demonstrated by creating nanoarchitected zinc oxide (ZnO) architectures with feature sizes of 250 nm, by first patterning a zinc-ion-containing aqueous photoresin using two-photon lithography and subsequently calcining them at 500 ºC. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals their microstructure to be nanocrystalline ZnO with grain sizes of 5.1 ± 1.6 nm. In situ compression experiments conducted in a scanning electron microscope show an emergent electromechanical response: a 200 nm mechanical compression of an architected ZnO structure results in a voltage drop of 0.52 mV. This photopolymer complex synthesis provides a pathway to easily create arbitrarily shaped 3D metal oxides that could enable previously impossible devices and smart materials.
2-(4-Bromobenzenesulfonamido)benzoic acid (2009)

In the title compound, C(13)H(10)BrNO(4)S, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 82.75 (15)°. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal structure, two mol-ecules form an R(2) (2)(8) centrosymmetric dimer through a pair of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Intra- and inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also observed.
Cloning, purification, and enzymatic activity of the quorum sensing signal synthase RhlI (2019)

Quorum sensing is a bacterial cell‐cell communication system that functions through the synthesis, secretion, and detection of signaling molecules called autoinducers. Quorum sensing enables bacteria to assess their cell density and coordinate group behaviors that are advantageous at high cell density. Many bacteria that cause acute and chronic infections in humans use quorum sensing to control expression of virulence factors and formation of biofilms, so inhibitors of quorum sensing hold significant promise as novel antibacterial agents. By targeting bacterial virulence as opposed to growth and survival, quorum sensing inhibitors avoid the selective pressure for drug resistance that is inherent to traditional antibiotics. The main quorum sensing system in Gram‐negative bacteria is based on the synthesis and detection of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) autoinducers. Efforts to inhibit AHL‐mediated quorum sensing have focused on developing synthetic AHL analogs that act as antagonists of AHL receptors. These compounds have been shown to block virulence controlled by quorum sensing, validating quorum sensing as an antibacterial drug target. The overall goal of the project is to develop inhibitors of AHL synthase enzymes, an alternative quorum sensing drug target that remains under‐explored. Towards this goal, we have cloned and purified RhlI from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and established its enzymatic activity as an assay platform for candidate synthetic inhibitors. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Omnidirectional Self-Assembly of Transparent Superoleophobic Nanotextures (2016)

Engineering surface textures that are highly transparent and repel water, oil, and other low surface energy fluids can transform our interaction with wet environments. Despite extensive progress, current top-down methods are based on directional line-of-sight fabrication mechanisms that are limited by scale and cannot be applied to highly uneven, curved, and enclosed surfaces, while bottom-up techniques often suffer from poor optical transparency. Here, we present an approach that enables the rapid, omnidirectional synthesis of flexible and up to 99.97% transparent superhydrophobic and -oleophobic textures on many variable surface types. These features are obtained by the spontaneous formation of a multi re-entrant morphology during the controlled self-assembly of nanoparticle aerosols. We also develop a mathematical model to explain and control the self-assembly dynamics, providing important insights for the rational engineering of functional materials. We envision that our findings represent a significant advance in imparting superoleophobicity and superamphiphobicity to a so-far inapplicable family of materials and geometries for multifunctional applications.
Automated intelligent video surveillance system for ships (2009)

To protect naval and commercial ships from attack by terrorists and pirates, it is important to have automatic surveillance systems able to detect, identify, track and alert the crew on small watercrafts that might pursue malicious intentions, while ruling out non-threat entities. Radar systems have limitations on the minimum detectable range and lack high-level classification power. In this paper, we present an innovative Automated Intelligent Video Surveillance System for Ships (AIVS3) as a vision-based solution for ship security. Capitalizing on advanced computer vision algorithms and practical machine learning methodologies, the developed AIVS3 is not only capable of efficiently and robustly detecting, classifying, and tracking various maritime targets, but also able to fuse heterogeneous target information to interpret scene activities, associate targets with levels of threat, and issue the corresponding alerts/recommendations to the man-in- the-loop (MITL). AIVS3 has been tested in various maritime scenarios and shown accurate and effective threat detection performance. By reducing the reliance on human eyes to monitor cluttered scenes, AIVS3 will save the manpower while increasing the accuracy in detection and identification of asymmetric attacks for ship protection.