gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanoelectrically Activated Synthesis of Dense, Bulk Nanostructured, Complex Crystalline and Glassy Hard Materials (2005)

Abstract : The broad objective of the completed work was to investigate the effect of mechanical and electric field activation on the synthesis and properties of materials, with special emphasis on nanostructured hard materials. We have investigated several aspects of this, including: (a) Synthesis and Microstructural Evolution under Field Application, (b) Synthesis of Bulk Nanostructured Materials by Mechanical and Field Activation, (c) Investigations on FGM Formation and Properties, (d) Investigations on the Field Activated Synthesis Complex and Hard Materials, (e) Modeling Studies, (f) Microalloying, (g) Field Activated Consolidation and Crystallization of Bulk Metallic Glasses, and (h) Synthesis of Ultra-Hard Boride Phases. Brief descriptions of the accomplishments in each of these thrusts are provided, with details given in the cited publications listed at the end of this report.
Discrete tuning concept for fiber-integrated lasers based on tailored FBG arrays and a theta cavity layout (2017)

We demonstrate a novel tuning concept for pulsed fiber-integrated lasers with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array as a discrete and tailored spectral filter, as well as a modified laser design. Based on a theta cavity layout, the structural delay lines originating from the FBG array are balanced, enabling a constant repetition rate and stable pulse properties over the full tuning range. The emission wavelength is electrically tuned with respect to the filter properties based on an adapted temporal gating scheme using an acousto-optic modulator. This concept has been investigated with an Yb-doped fiber laser, demonstrating excellent emission properties with high signal contrast (>35 dB) and narrow linewidth (<150 pm) over a tuning range of 25 nm.
Insulin‐Treated Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery Have Worse Outcomes than Patients Treated with Oral Agents (2016)

In patients with DM undergoing emergency abdominal surgery, insulin-treated patients have worse outcomes than oral agent-treated patients. Insulin-treated patients with DM therefore should be monitored and treated more intensively in anticipation of potential complications after emergency abdominal surgery.
Biocatalytic polyester synthesis: Analysis of the evolution of molecular weight and end group functionality (1997)

The enzymatic synthesis of polyesters from activated diesters and diols has been investigated. Differences between enzymatic synthesis and traditional chemical condensation processes are discussed. The disappearance of monomers during the initial phase of reaction indicates that enzyme has a higher specificity for transesterification of ester-terminated oligomers. During the intermediate phase, enzymatic polymerization involves a competition between diol and enzyme-bound water for the nucleophilic attack of the acyl enzyme intermediate. Competition between enzymatic transesterification and hydrolysis at different stages of polymerization in nonaqueous media is responsible for termination of polyesters with acid end-groups and also for limiting the polymer molecular weight. The resulting oligoester consists of chains that are either terminated with - OH groups and/or - COOH groups. We have used Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time of Flight Mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) along with colorimetric titration techniques to determine the acidity of enzyme-synthesized polyesters. This paper addresses how the enzymatic polymerization proceeds, and compares our results to the growing literature in this field.
Neuro-visual control in the Quake II game engine (2008)

The first-person-shooter Quake II is used as a platform to test neuro-visual control and retina input layouts. Agents are trained to shoot a moving enemy as quickly as possible in a visually simple environment, using a neural network controller with evolved weights. Two retina layouts are tested, each with the same number of inputs: first, a graduated density retina which focuses near the center of the screen and blurs outward; second, a uniform retina which focuses evenly across the screen. Results show that the graduated density retina learns more successfully than the uniform retina.
A rapid hydrothermal synthesis of rare earth oxide activated Y (OH)3and Y2O3nanotubes (2009)

One-dimensional single crystalline rare earth ion (Tm(3+), Tb(+3), and Eu(3+)) doped Y (OH)(3) nanotubes with inner diameters of 20-110 nm, outer diameters of 50-140 nm, and 1-5 microm in length were prepared for the first time by a rapid hydrothermal method within a short reaction period (5 min) at subcritical temperature (320 degrees C) and high pressure (about 40 MPa). A temperature dependent nanostructure evolution study was performed under rapid hydrothermal conditions and the effects of other processing parameters such as concentration of KOH and reaction time were found to be key parameters for the formation of highly anisotropic crystal structures of rare earth hydroxide nanotubes. Rare earth ion (Tm(3+), Tb(+3), and Eu(3+)) doped Y(2)O(3) nanotubes can be obtained after calcinations above 450 degrees C. The luminescent property of rare earth doped Y(2)O(3) nanotubes was also explored and compared with reference samples prepared via a conventional co-precipitation method.
Mechanism of Modifying Ballistic Properties of Propellant Formulations by Fast-Burning Inclusions (1998)

The combustion characteristics of binary compositions of fast-burning energetic materials (FBEM) with main composite propellant components like ammonium perchlorate (AP) and polymeric binders have been studied in a constant pressure bomb, and combustion mechanism has been proposed. Combustion behaviour of composite propellants containing granulated FBEM of different particle sizes has been investigated. FBEM additives as high as 40 per cent of fine particle size to a composite propellant have not been shown to influence markedly the burning rate, whereas incorporation of FBEM grains of 500 micrometer particle size allows not only a considerable increase in the burning rate but also modifies the burning rate-pressure dependence. A mechanism of combustion of propellant compositions containing FBEM grains has been evolved that allows criteria for FBEM performance and combustion stability.
Simultaneous Determination of Serum Copper and Iron by Means of the Addition of Thorium Ion (1957)

Journal Article Simultaneous Determination of Serum Copper and Iron by Means of the Addition of Thorium Ion Get access Newton Ressler, Ph.D., Newton Ressler, Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Wayne County General Hospital, Eloise, Michigan, and Departments of Pathology, Wayne State University College of Medicine and Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit, Michigan Dr. Ressler is Research Biochemist in the Department of Medicine, Wayne County General Hospital, and Dr. Zak is Assistant Professor of Clinical Chemistry in the Departments of Pathology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, and Detroit Receiving Hospital. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bennie Zak, Ph.D. Bennie Zak, Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Wayne County General Hospital, Eloise, Michigan, and Departments of Pathology, Wayne State University College of Medicine and Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit, Michigan Dr. Ressler is Research Biochemist in the Department of Medicine, Wayne County General Hospital, and Dr. Zak is Assistant Professor of Clinical Chemistry in the Departments of Pathology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, and Detroit Receiving Hospital. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 28, Issue 5_ts, November 1957, Pages 549–556, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.5_ts.549 Published: 01 November 1957 Article history Received: 08 April 1957 Accepted: 03 June 1957 Published: 01 November 1957
An approach to high-throughput growth of submillimeter transition metal dichalcogenide single crystals (2019)

High-throughput growth of large size transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) single crystals is an important challenge for their applications in the next generation electronic and optoelectronic integration devices. Here we report the high-throughput growth of submillimeter monolayer TMD single crystals by two-stage space confined chemical vapor deposition, where the nucleation density of TMD crystals is significantly decreased for the growth of large size monolayer crystals by the space confinement effect. Moreover, high-throughput growth of submillimeter TMD crystals is also achieved by stacking the substrates along the perpendicular direction to the flow of the reaction gases. The mobilities of the TMD materials produced in this way are up to 1.2, 17.0 and 25.0 cm2 (V s)-1 for monolayer WS2, WSe2 and MoS2 single crystals, respectively. The results demonstrate that two-stage space confined growth is a highly promising method for high-throughput fabrication of high-quality submillimeter monolayer TMD single crystals, which will pave a new pathway to large-scale production of TMD-based electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Supplemental Carbon Dioxide Stabilizes the Upper Airway in Volunteers Anesthetized with Propofol (2018)

Upper airway collapsibility induced by propofol anesthesia can be reversed in a dose-dependent manner by insufflation of supplemental carbon dioxide. This effect is at least partly mediated by increased genioglossus muscle activity.
Insulin Resistance–Related Factors, but not Glycemia, Predict Coronary Artery Disease in Type 1 Diabetes (2003)

These data suggest that although the standard CAD risk factors are still operative in type 1 diabetes, greater glycemia does not seem to predict future CAD events. In addition, depressive symptomatology predicts angina and insulin resistance (eGDR) predicts hard CAD end points.
C2H5OH Sensor Using Porous Cr2O3Nano-Hexaprisms (2012)

Dense Cr-precursor nano-hexaprisms were prepared by heating the Cr-nitrate aqueous solution containing Hexamethylenetetramine and polyvinylpyrrolidone, which were converted into porous <TEX>$Cr_2O_3$</TEX> nano-hexaprisms containing nanoparticles by heat treatment of Cr-precursors at <TEX>$600^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 2 h in air atmosphere. At the sensor temperature of <TEX>$300^{\circ}C$</TEX>, porous <TEX>$Cr_2O_3$</TEX> nano-hexaprism showed the high response (<TEX>$R_g/R_a$</TEX>, <TEX>$R_g$</TEX>: resistance in gas, <TEX>$R_a$</TEX>: resistance in air) to 100 ppm <TEX>$C_2H_5OH$</TEX> (<TEX>$R_g/R_a=69.8$</TEX>) with negligible cross-responses to 100 ppm CO and 5 ppm <TEX>$C_6H_6$</TEX>. The sensitive and selective detection of <TEX>$C_2H_5OH$</TEX> in porous <TEX>$Cr_2O_3$</TEX> nano-hexaprism were discussed in relation to the morphology of nanostructures.
High-precision measurements of (1999)

The National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility (NOSAMS) has completed the carbon isotope analysis of a major fraction of the 13,500 sea water samples collected in the framework of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) from three of the major world oceans between 1991 and 1996. We will describe the AMS technique employed at NOSAMS and, using 3-D data visualization techniques we will demonstrate the present status of the data set and offer some preliminary conclusions about the distribution of natural and anthropogenic 14C in the oceans. In particular, we will be able to compare some of the data with results from the Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS, 1972–1978) to obtain information about the time dependence of oceanic circulation processes, tracing the 14C signal introduced into the oceans during the atmospheric nuclear bomb tests in the 1950’s and 1960’s.
Nobel Lecture: Semiconducting and metallic polymers: The fourth generation of polymeric materials (2001)

In 1976, Alan MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa, and I, together with a talented group of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, discovered conducting polymers and the ability to dope these polymers over the full range from insulator to metal (Chiang et al., 1977; Shirakawa et al., 1977). This was particularly exciting because it created a new field of research on the boundary between chemistry and condensed-matter physics, and because it created a number of opportunities:
Energy-Efficient Continuous Task Scheduling for Near Real-Time Periodic Tasks (2015)

Improving energy efficiency is critical for embedded systems in our rapidly evolving information society. It has been considered that heterogeneous multiprocessors can contribute to improving the energy efficiency of embedded systams. In such processors, executing tasks on lower performance core at lower frequency is better for energy efficiency though higher performance is required for huge tasks to meet their deadlines. To minimize the energy consumption while meeting deadlines strictly, adaptive task scheduling is very important. A drawback of the existing scheduling algorithms is, they assume that the deadline is the same as the input interval. Near real-time data processing, such as multimedia streaming applications, has deadline that is longer than the input interval thanks to buffering. For such applications, the conventional frame-based scheduling cannot realize optimal scheduling due to their shortsighted deadline assumption. To realize globally optimal executions of these applictions, we propose a slackbased continuous task scheduling algorithm, which takes advantage of the long deadline. This algorithm determines an active core and the timing of core swithching based on slack time. We use two types core with different performance and realize continuous execution. We confirmed our approach can take advantage of the longer deadline and reduce the average power consumption by up to 27%.
Special Issue on The Workshop on Performance of host-based Network Applications (PerfNA 2022) (2022)

With the advancement of highly network-powered paradigms like 5G, Microservices, etc. which are typically deployed as containers/VMs, there is a growing imperative on the host nodes to perform specialized network tasks like monitoring, filtering, tunneling, load-balancing, etc. While traditionally, these tasks were performed using switches and specialized middleboxes in the network, there is a demand to perform these network tasks on commodity hardware comprising of COTS servers. However, a major challenge is to perform these tasks at low-overhead and high reliability while maintaining low latency, high throughput, and flexibility.
Disinfecting Water With a Mixture of Free Chlorine and an Organic N‐Halamine (1988)

It has been demonstrated that a mixture of free chlorine and 3‐chloro‐4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐oxazolidinone (compound I) is an effective water disinfectant. A small amount of free chlorine in the mixture provides rapid initial disinfection, with a larger amount of compound I maintaining disinfection efficacy over a long period of time. The mixtures used in this study disinfected against several challenges of Staphylococcus aureus for 30 or more days. In some cases the actions of the free chlorine and compound I may have been synergistic.
A New Handover Control in the Current and Future Wireless Networks (2004)

In this article we propose a new framework to support QoS and 4G enabled mobility management. The key feature of this framework is twofold; the Policy based Handover control, and the adaptive handover mechanisms. On one hand, the adaptive handover mechanism will allow the selection of different handover schemes based on the user service level specification in order to differentiate the handover quality provided for the required service level, thus optimizing the network resources usage and providing the agreed service level to users. On the other hand, the proposed handover control mechanism considers resource availability and other constraints during the handover decision in order to provide support for QoS aware mobility on the contrary of the classical naive mobility management that considers only signal strength fading. This decision mechanism will provide mainly the interaction between the mobility and QoS management frameworks but also a 4G handover control. In addition, the QoS aware handover will provide the knowledge necessary to achieve a proactive handover's procedures control.
Secreted Cerberus1 as a Marker for Quantification of Definitive Endoderm Differentiation of the Pluripotent Stem Cells (2013)

To date, CXCR4 and E-cadherin double-positive cells detected by flow cytometry have been used to identify the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into definitive endoderm (DE) lineages. Quantification of DE differentiation from ES/iPS cells by using flow cytometry is a multi-step procedure including dissociation of the cells, antibody reaction, and flow cytometry analysis. To establish a quick assay method for quantification of ES/iPS cell differentiation into the DE without dissociating the cells, we examined whether secreted Cerberus1 (Cer1) protein could be used as a marker. Cer1 is a secreted protein expressed first in the anterior visceral endoderm and then in the DE. The amount of Cer1 secreted correlated with the proportion of CXCR4+/E-Cadherin+ cells that differentiated from mouse ES cells. In addition, we found that human iPS cell-derived DE also expressed the secreted CER1 and that the expression level correlated with the proportion of SOX17+/FOXA2+ cells present. Taken together, these results show that Cer1 (or CER1) serves as a good marker for quantification of DE differentiation of mouse and human ES/iPS cells.
Decision, estimation, and classification: an introduction to pattern recognition and related topics (1989)

Probability theory for random vectors simple statistical decision procedures operations upon random vectors feature extraction and nonlinear mapping quadratic and linear classifiers parameter estimation nonparametric estimation and classification estimating and bounding the probability of error classification of stationary time series context-dependent methods other methods of classification.
Synthesis of Immunoglobulin Heavy and Light Chains by the Free Ribosomes of a Mouse Plasma Cell Tumor (1970)

Free and membrane-bound ribosomes have been isolated from a mouse plasma cell tumor secreting immunoglobulins, and allowed to synthesize proteins under cell-free conditions. Analysis of the products of synthesis by autoradiography of immunoelectrophoresis and peptide maps indicates that both types of ribosomes synthesize heavy and light immunoglobulin chains.
Differentially expressed gene networks in cultured smooth muscle cells from normal and neuropathic bladder (2007)

Neuropathic bladder dysfunction results from abnormal development of the spine, spinal cord injuries, or diseases such as diabetics. Patients with neuropathic bladders often require surgical intervention such as bladder reconstruction to improve incontinence and prevent renal damage. Tissue engineering with ex-vivo cultured bladder cells has been suggested as one means for improving bladder function. However, we previously demonstrated that cultured bladder smooth muscle cells (SMCs) derived from neuropathic bladder exhibit and maintain altered pathologic phenotypes in culture. To identify genes that are responsible for the abnormal neuropathic phenotypes specifically elevated cell proliferation, the expression levels of 1,185 genes were compared between cultured SMCs derived from normal and neuropathic bladders using a cDNA array consisting of well-annotated genes. The expression data were analyzed using several methods to identify differentially expressed genes. The resulting sets of differentially expressed genes were examined by pathway analysis to identify the networks that remain abnormal in the culture-stable phenotype of neuropathic SMCs. A total of 18 genes that are differentially expressed between cultured normal and neuropathic bladder SMCs were identified. Of these 17 were up-regulated greater than 2-fold in neuropathic bladder SMCs, six of them along with one gene that was not up-regulated greater than 2-fold in cultured neuropathic bladder SMCs were confirmed and identified by more stringent analysis methods including significance analysis of microarrays, class comparison, and class prediction analyses. The major dysregulated pathways include fibroblast growth factor signaling, PTEN signaling, and integrin signaling. Our results further suggest that altered neuropathic bladder SMC phenotypes is stable in the culture environments and that SMCs derived from diseased bladders may not be appropriate for tissue engineering purpose without modification of pathologically altered genes expression.
Virtual Petz: A Hybrid Approach to Creating Autonomous, Lifelike Dogz and Catz. (1998)

Long-term admission for psychiatric patients with substance use disorder (SUD) was significantly associated with stability of diagnosis. The finding calls for longer observation of dual diagnosis patients to ensure that relevant diagnosis is given, and consequently that the appropriate clinical treatment such as psychopharmacological as well as non-pharmacological intervention can be applied.
Emergent Management of Empyema (2012)

Empyema is a frankly purulent infection of the pleural space most often occurring secondary to parapneumonic effusion. Imaging, specifically contrast-enhanced computed tomography, plays a critical role in diagnosis with a "split pleura" sign being highly suggestive in the appropriate clinical setting. Diagnostic thoracentesis with culture and Gram stain further guides appropriate antibiotic therapy. Therapeutic drainage with small-bore tube thoracostomy has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment of early stage empyema. Augmentation of tube placement with intrapleural fibrinolytics and mucolytics facilitates catheter drainage by degrading loculations and decreasing fluid viscosity, respectively.
Effects of Glycosylation Inhibitors on the Expression of Polyalbumin Receptors by Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Produced in vitro (1985)

In this study we examined the role of secondary modifications in the expression of polyalbumin receptors by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced in vitro. Several clones isolated from 3T3 mouse fibroblasts after transfection with the hepatitis B virus genome produced HBsAg with marked variation in the expression of polyalbumin receptors. Treatment of the cells with glycosylation inhibitors (tunicamycin, glucosamine) resulted in loss of the 27 000 mol. wt. HBsAg glycopolypeptide, concomitantly with a marked increase in polyalbumin receptors. These data suggest that glycosylation regulates the activity of polyalbumin receptors associated with native HBsAg.