gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mass spectrometry data on specialized metabolome of medicinal plants used in East Asian traditional medicine (2022)

Traditional East Asian medicine not only serves as a potential source of drug discovery, but also plays an important role in the healthcare systems of Korea, China, and Japan. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based untargeted metabolomics is a key methodology for high-throughput analysis of the complex chemical compositions of medicinal plants used in traditional East Asian medicine. This Data Descriptor documents the deposition to a public repository of a re-analyzable raw LC-MS/MS dataset of 337 medicinal plants listed in the Korean Pharmacopeia, in addition to a reference spectral library of 223 phytochemicals isolated from medicinal plants. Enhanced by recently developed repository-level data analysis pipelines, this information can serve as a reference dataset for MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis of plant specialized metabolites.
Studies on the structural, quantitative and semi-quantitative analyses of NiO–GDC nanocomposites (2016)

A simultaneous analysis of the crystallite size and strain of <italic>x</italic>NiO·(1 − <italic>x</italic>)GDC nanopowders prepared in stoichiometric proportions of <italic>x</italic> = 0, 0.1, 0.2… to 1 was performed by a self-sustained combustion (SC) process and calcination of the thus-synthesized nanopowders at 600 °C.
Emission trends of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the southeastern United States and their influence on precipitation composition (1995)

The longest continuous precipitation monitoring operation in Florida has occurred at a site located on the University of Central Florida (UCF) campus located near Orlando from 1977 to the present. One site at the Kennedy Space Center and four other sites in Florida and three sites in Georgia have operated continuously since 1984 or earlier. Major ion concentrations including acidity vary considerably among sites and the UCF site exhibits higher acidity and nitrate concentrations than any other site. In general concentrations decrease as site location in moved from north to south except where site proximity to the ocean is a dominant factor. Nitrate has trended higher during the sixteen year period and acidity at UCF trended lower early in the sixteen year period but has trended toward higher concentrations when recent data are evaluated. When NO{sub x} and SO{sub 2} emissions from eastern and southeastern states and precipitation composition data for the period 1978--1988 are evaluated, there is no strong indication of relationships between emission and concentration or emission and deposition.
Hybrid solid-state disks: combining heterogeneous NAND flash in large SSDs (2008)

NAND-flash-based SSDs (solid-state disks) are recently used in embedded computers to replace power-hungry disks. This paper presents a hybrid approach to large SSDs, which combines MLC flash and SLC flash. The idea is to complement the drawbacks of the two kinds of NAND flash with each other's advantages. The technical issues of the design of a hybrid SSD pertain to data placement and wear leveling over heterogeneous NAND flash. Our experimental results show that, by adding a 256 MB SLC flash to a 20 GB MLC-flash array, the hybrid SSD improves over a conventional SSD by 4.85 times in terms of average response. The average throughput and energy consumption are improved by 17 % and 14%, respectively. The hybrid SSD is only 2% more expensive than a purely MLC-flash-based SSD, for which the extra cost is limited and very rewarded.
Non-Nucleosidic Analogues of Polyaminonucleosides and Their Influence on Thermodynamic Properties of Derived Oligonucleotides (2015)

The rationale for the synthesis of cationic modified nucleosides is higher expected nuclease resistance and potentially better cellular uptake due to an overall reduced negative charge based on internal charge compensation. Due to the ideal distance between cationic groups, polyamines are perfect counterions for oligodeoxyribonucleotides. We have synthesized non-nucleosidic analogues built from units that carry different diol structures instead of sugar residues and functionalized with polyamines. The non-nucleosidic analogues were attached as internal or 5'-terminal modifications in oligodeoxyribonucleotide strands. The thermodynamic studies of these polyaminooligonucleotide analogues revealed stabilizing or destabilizing effects that depend on the linker or polyamine used.
Linear Quadratic Tracking Design for a Generic Transport Aircraft with Structural Load Constraints (2011)

When designing control laws for systems with constraints added to the tracking performance, control allocation methods can be utilized. Control allocations methods are used when there are more command inputs than controlled variables. Constraints that require allocators are such task as; surface saturation limits, structural load limits, drag reduction constraints or actuator failures. Most transport aircraft have many actuated surfaces compared to the three controlled variables (such as angle of attack, roll rate &amp; angle of side slip). To distribute the control effort among the redundant set of actuators a fixed mixer approach can be utilized or online control allocation techniques. The benefit of an online allocator is that constraints can be considered in the design whereas the fixed mixer cannot. However, an online control allocator mixer has a disadvantage of not guaranteeing a surface schedule, which can then produce ill defined loads on the aircraft. The load uncertainty and complexity has prevented some controller designs from using advanced allocation techniques. This paper considers actuator redundancy management for a class of over actuated systems with real-time structural load limits using linear quadratic tracking applied to the generic transport model. A roll maneuver example of an artificial load limit constraint is shown and compared to the same no load limitation maneuver.
Abemaciclib plus fulvestrant in East Asian women with HR+, HER2− advanced breast cancer: Overall survival from MONARCH 2 (2022)

MONARCH 2 is a global, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study of abemaciclib/placebo + fulvestrant in patients with hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer. The East Asian population comprised 212 (31.7%) of the 669 intent-to-treat population in the MONARCH 2 trial. Consistent with the primary analysis, this subpopulation analysis of East Asian patients indicated progression-free survival benefit in the abemaciclib arm. The median overall survival was not reached in the abemaciclib arm and was 48.9 months in the placebo arm (hazard ratio 0.80; 95% confidence interval 0.52-1.24; p = 0.377). In addition, other efficacy endpoints, including time to chemotherapy, chemotherapy free survival, and time to second disease progression, indicated benefit in the abemaciclib arm. This analysis found no new safety concerns with longer follow-up. These findings support the positive benefit-risk balance of the MONARCH 2 regimen in East Asian patients with hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer.
Predicting Corrosion Delamination Failure in Active Implantable Medical Devices: Analytical Model and Validation Strategy (2021)

The ingress of body fluids or their constituents is one of the main causes of failure of active implantable medical devices (AIMDs). Progressive delamination takes its origin at the junctions where exposed electrodes and conductive pathways enter the implant interior. The description of this interface is considered challenging because electrochemically-diffusively coupled processes are involved. Furthermore, standard tests and specimens, with clearly defined 3-phase boundaries (body fluid-metal-polymer), are lacking. We focus on polymers as substrate and encapsulation and present a simple method to fabricate reliable test specimens with defined boundaries. By using silicone rubber as standard material in active implant encapsulation in combination with a metal surface, a corrosion-triggered delamination process was observed that can be universalised towards typical AIMD electrode materials. Copper was used instead of medical grade platinum since surface energies are comparable but corrosion occurs faster. The finding is that two processes are superimposed there: First, diffusion-limited chemical reactions at interfaces that undermine the layer adhesion. The second process is the influx of ions and body fluid components that leave the aqueous phase and migrate through the rubber to internal interfaces. The latter observation is new for active implants. Our mathematical description with a Stefan-model coupled to volume diffusion reproduces the experimental data in good agreement and lends itself to further generalisation.
Impact of meat cooking and masticatory efficiency on food bolus formation and amino acid absorption in human (2015)

organised by COST Action FA 1005 INFOGEST
Proteomics: Techniques and Applications in Cancer Research (2003)

Proteomics can be defined as functional analysis of the full set of proteins by high-throughput technologies in a given system. The workflow of proteomics is a multi-step process comprising sample preparation, separation, quantification and identification of proteins. Due to the high complexity of different protein species and the wide dynamic range of protein amount within a cell system it is necessary to apply appropriate analysis methods. One approach is to separate proteins first by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) according to charge and molecular weight. Proteins are then fragmented and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Identification of proteins can be achieved by comparing the mass/charge-ratios of these peptides to respective databases. Proteome analysis with respect to the identification of disease-associated patterns of molecules in different tissues is in the early stages, because standardisation of these techniques often remains to be established. However, proteome analyses is a promising tool to obtain holistic insights into the physiological status of a cell or cellular system. Compared to RNA-based studies some advantages are obvious: (1) post-translational modifications, e. g. phosphorylation, contributing to the activity status can be detected at the protein level only, (2) RNA-levels do not necessarily coincide with protein levels for a particular gene, (3) feedback-mechanisms within regulatory pathways can control protein activity without measurable changes in mRNA content.
An mind-evolution method for solving numerical optimization problems (2002)

MEBML, mind-evolution-based machine learning presented in Chengyi Sun et al. (1998) has many superior qualities for solving the premature convergence problem of genetic algorithms and non-numerical optimization. The similar taxis and dissimilation operators have some shortcomings and no theoretical analysis method, so that the efficiency is lower. For numerical optimization problems, the construction methods of the similartaxis and dissimilation operators are given in the paper, and the effectiveness is proven through examples.
RADIATION-INDUCED COPOLYMERIZATION OF FLUORINE CONTAINING MONOMERS. (1969)

Abstract Radiation-induced copolymerizations of various monomers, including perfluoro-olefines with CF2 O and of α-olefines with monochlorotrifluoro-ethylene, have been studied. It was found that CF2O can be copolymerized randomly via radical process, with most of monomers examined and that alternating copolymers can be obtained from the copolymerization of a-olefines with monochlorotrifluoroethylene. The structural study of these copolymers was carried out by infrared, X-ray diffraction and NMR measurements. The structure of isobutylene-monochlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer was determined precisely through proton and fluorine resonances.
High average power, all-solid-state external resonator Raman laser (2003)

As much as 3 W of average power at 1064 nm from a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser, Q switched at 4 kHz, was used to pump an external-resonator, crystalline Ba(NO3)2 Raman laser generating a maximum of 1.3-W output at the first Stokes wavelength of 1197 nm. The slope efficiency was 63% with respect to the fundamental power incident on the Ba(NO3)2 crystal. A reduction in the beam quality of the Stokes output from M2 approximately 1.4 at lower Stokes powers to M2 approximately 3.4 at higher powers is attributed to thermal loading of the Raman-active crystal.
The Effect of Nitroglycerin on Microvascular Perfusion and Oxygenation During Gastric Tube Reconstruction (2005)

Esophagectomy followed by gastric tube reconstruction is the surgical treatment of choice for patients with esophageal cancer. Complications of the cervical anastomosis are associated with impaired microvascular blood flow (MBF) and ischemia in the gastric fundus. The aim of the present study was to differentiate whether the decrease in MBF is a result of arterial insufficiency or of venous congestion. To do this we assessed MBF, microvascular hemoglobin oxygen saturation (muHbSo(2)), and microvascular hemoglobin concentration (muHbcon) simultaneously during different stages of gastric tube reconstruction. In 14 patients, MBF was determined with laser Doppler flowmetry, and muHbSo(2) and muHbcon were determined with reflectance spectro- photometry. After completion of the anastomosis, nitroglycerin was applied at the fundus. Although MBF did not change significantly in the pylorus, MBF decreased progressively during surgery in the fundus from 210 +/- 18 Arbitrary Units at baseline (normal stomach) to 52 +/- 9 Arbitrary Units after completion of reconstruction (mean +/- sem; P < 0.05). There was no change in muHbSo(2) and muHbcon during the reconstruction. After application of nitroglycerin, MBF doubled. We conclude that MBF decreases during gastric tube reconstruction but that muHbSo(2) and muHbcon do not. This decrease might be the result of venous congestion, which can partly be counteracted by application of nitroglycerin.
What do babies eat? Evaluation of a food frequency questionnaire to assess the diets of infants aged 6 months (2007)

Although there were differences in absolute energy and nutrient intakes between methods, there was reasonable agreement in the ranking of intakes. The FFQ is a useful tool for assessing energy and nutrient intakes of healthy infants aged around 12 months.
A Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profiles and Biological Activities of Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst Leaf and Bark Extracts (2018)

<i>Sclerocarya birrea</i> (A.Rich.) Hochst (Anacardiaceae) is a savannah tree that has long been used in sub-Saharan Africa as a medicinal remedy for numerous ailments. The purpose of this study was to increase the scientific knowledge about this plant by evaluating the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins in the methanol extracts of the leaves and bark (MLE and MBE, respectively), as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity and biological activities of these extracts. Reported results show that MLE is rich in flavonoids (132.7 ± 10.4 mg of quercetin equivalents/g), whereas MBE has the highest content of tannins (949.5 ± 29.7 mg of tannic acid equivalents/g). The antioxidant activity was measured using four different in vitro tests: β-carotene bleaching (BCB), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), O₂<sup>-•</sup>, and nitric oxide (NO<sup>•</sup>) assays. In all cases, MBE was the most active compared to MLE and the standards used (Trolox and ascorbic acid). Furthermore, MBE and MLE were tested to evaluate their activity in HepG2 and fibroblast cell lines. A higher cytotoxic activity of MBE was evidenced and confirmed by more pronounced alterations in cell morphology. MBE induced cell death, triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which led to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential with subsequent cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytosol. Moreover, MBE showed lower cytotoxicity in normal human dermal fibroblasts, suggesting its potential as a selective anticancer agent.
Electrochemical Properties of Alkali Metals in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate (2002)

Formal potentials and diffusion coefficients of the alkali metal couples of lithium, sodium, and potassium hexafluorophosphate salts dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were determined using a hanging mercury drop electrode as the working electrode. Chronoamperometry was used to determine the diffusion coefficients, which ranged from to for the Na and K cations, respectively. Formal reduction potentials of and vs. the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple were obtained for sodium and potassium using normal pulse voltammetry. The presence of adsorption maxima in the lithium normal pulse voltammograms necessitated the use of chronopotentiometry to determine a lithium formal potential of © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Biomolecular Mechanisms of Calvarial Bone Induction: Immature versus Mature Dura Mater (2000)

The ability of newborns and immature animals to reossify calvarial defects has been well described. This capacity is generally lost in children greater than 2 years of age and in mature animals. The dura mater has been implicated as a regulator of calvarial reossification. To date, however, few studies have attempted to identify biomolecular differences in the dura mater that enable immature, but not mature, dura to induce osteogenesis. The purpose of these studies was to analyze metabolic characteristics, protein/gene expression, and capacity to form mineralized bone nodules of cells derived from immature and mature dura mater. Transforming growth factor beta-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, collagen type IαI, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase are critical growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins essential for successful osteogenesis. In this study, we have characterized the proliferation rates of immature (6-day-old rats, n = 40) and mature (adult rats, n = 10) dura cell cultures. In addition, we analyzed the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and alkaline phosphatase. Our in vitro findings were corroborated with Northern blot analysis of mRNA expression in total cellular RNA isolated from snap-frozen age-matched dural tissues (6-day-old rats, n = 60; adult rats, n = 10). Finally, the capacity of cultured dural cells to form mineralized bone nodules was assessed. We demonstrated that immature dural cells proliferate significantly faster and produce significantly more proliferating cell nuclear antigen than mature dural cells (p < 0.01). Additionally, immature dural cells produce significantly greater amounts of transforming growth factor beta-1, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated from immature and mature dural tissues demonstrated a greater than 9-fold, 8-fold, and 21-fold increase in transforming growth factor beta-1, osteocalcin, and collagen IαI gene expression, respectively, in immature as compared with mature dura mater. Finally, in keeping with their in vivo phenotype, immature dural cells formed large calcified bone nodules in vitro, whereas mature dural cells failed to form bone nodules even with extended culture. These studies suggest that differential expression of growth factors and extracellular matrix molecules may be a critical difference between the osteoinductive capacity of immature and mature dura mater. Finally, we believe that the biomolecular bone- and matrix-inducing phenotype of immature dura mater regulates the ability of young children and immature animals to heal calvarial defects. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 105: 1382, 2000.)
On Connectivity Limits in Ad Hoc Networks with Beamforming Antennas (2009)

Multihop wireless networks will play an important role in future communication networks. Beamforming antennas have shown great potential to improve the connectivity in these networks; however only heuristic approaches exist to assess the benefits of this technology. Using the popular "keyhole" antenna model, we formulate a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) capable of acquiring optimal antenna configurations for path probability with various auxiliary constraints, node degree, and k-connectivity. We employ a problem-specific large-scale optimization approach named "column generation" to be able to cope with realistic scenario sizes without sacrificing optimality. In a case study, we show the feasibility of our optimization approach and demonstrate that "smarter" beamforming heuristics would still have plenty of room to improve the connectivity of such a network.
Italian Study of Cerebral Reversible Ischemic Attacks (1983)

A clinical and angiographic study was conducted in 360 patients with previous reversible ischemic attacks (RIAs) in order to verify the influence of hematocrit, hemoglobin and red cell count within the normal range in the clinical picture of cerebral infarction and its relationship with angiographic atherosclerosis. No significantly different distribution of the three parameters considered has been found according to the presence and the degree of atherosclerosis. On the contrary, our data have shown a significant correlation between levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and red cell count and some clinical aspects of the RIA when angiographic atherosclerosis is present.
PROCESS MINING OF EVENT LOGS IN INTERNAL AUDITING: A CASE STUDY (2011)

In this paper we explore the value that the techniques of process mining can provide to internal auditors by conducting a case study of the procurement process at a major European financial services provider. Jans et al. (2010) argued that process mining has the potential to increase the effectiveness and scope of internal auditing by enabling auditors to extract knowledge from event logs recorded by a business’s information system. They argued that what makes an event log potentially such a unique and potentially invaluable resource for auditing is not only that it provides the auditor with more data to analyze, but also because that additional data is recorded automatically and independently of the person whose behavior is the subject of the audit. In this paper we examine procurement data that has already been audited by internal auditors in order to test whether process mining can identify audit relevant transactions over and above those recognized by existing auditing techniques. We find that the various process mining tasks we utilize do discover internal control failures that the business’s own internal auditors failed to do
An efficient method for total syntheses of avenaciolide and isoavenaciolide via tungsten-π-allyl complexes (1998)

Total syntheses of avenaciolide and isoavenaciolide were achieved in six and three steps respectively based on starting chloropropargyl derivatives; the key step in such syntheses involves intramolecular alkoxycarbonylation of tungsten-η1-propargyl complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Kinetic and Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation of 5‐Acyloxy‐2‐(5H)‐furanone. Enantioselective Synthesis of (‐)‐Aflatoxin B Lactone. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.