gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) (2006)

Considering the economic importance of cotton in many developing and developed countries, there is an urgent need to accelerate the application of biotechnological tools to address the problems associated with the production of this crop and to improve the quality of fiber and seed. This requires a simple yet robust gene delivery/transformant recovery system. A protocol for the production of transgenic cotton plants was refined in our laboratory. It involves Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cotton cells, selection of stable transgenic callus lines, and recovery of plants via somatic embryogenesis. A detailed description of the protocol is provided in this chapter.
Nutrition Care for Patients with Weight Regain after Bariatric Surgery (2013)

Achieving optimal weight outcomes for patients with obesity is important to the management of their chronic disease. All interventions present risks for weight regain. Bariatric surgery is the most efficacious treatment, producing greater weight losses that are sustained over more time compared to lifestyle interventions. However, approximately 20-30% of patients do not achieve successful weight outcomes, and patients may experience a regain of 20-25% of their lost weight. This paper reviews several factors that influence weight regain after bariatric surgery, including type of surgery, food tolerance, energy requirements, drivers to eat, errors in estimating intake, adherence, food and beverage choices, and patient knowledge. A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach can provide the best care for patients with weight regain. Nutrition care by a registered dietitian is recommended for all bariatric surgery patients. Nutrition diagnoses and interventions are discussed. Regular monitoring of weight status and early intervention may help prevent significant weight regain.
pH-Hysteresis of Glucose Permeability in Acid-Doped LCST Hydrogels: A Basis for Pulsatile Oscillatory Drug Release (1999)

Some drugs and hormones are efficacious only when delivered in a periodic, pulsatile manner. This observation motivates the construction of periodic pulsatile delivery devices. We report progress towards an implantable device that pulsates autonomously without prompting from an external energy source. The device is conceived by combining understanding of oscillating chemical reactions and of the properties of gels which undergo first-order swelling phase transitions. Chemical oscillators typically include a reaction whose rate law shows hysteresis, coupled to a feedback reaction which causes the system to switch back and forth between branches of the former reaction. First order swelling transitions in hydrophobic acidic gels also feature hysteresis with respect to pH. Coupling swelling hysteresis to transport of the substrate and product of an enzymatic reaction, we predict periodic, pulsatile behavior of the gel/enzyme system. Here we summarize the theoretical basis of the device, demonstrate hysteresis in permeability of a selected membrane, and present initial evidence for oscillatory device behavior.
Bilateral breast reconstruction (2006)

According to the American Cancer Society, more than 211 000 women in the USA were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in 2005, (American Cancer Society. www.cancer.org . 2005). Nearly 65 000 of these women had postmastectomy reconstruction – a 100% increase from just over a decade ago, (American Society of Plastic Surgeons. www.plasticsurgery.org. 2005). A significant proportion of these women, will elect to undergo bilateral mastectomy for treatment and/or prophylaxis of breast cancer. Contemporary techniques provide numerous options for bilateral, postmastectomy reconstruction. Procedure selection will be based on a range of patient variables, including: availability of local, regional, and distant donor tissues for bilateral reconstruction, size and shape of the desired breasts, surgical risk, and most importantly, patient preference. Ultimately, the individualized selection of a reconstructive technique for each patient is a predominant factor in achieving a reconstructive success.
Time-varying coding for space-time ambiguities (2004)

The paper first formulates the error propagation effect that is caused by certain ambiguities in joint data detection/channel tracking algorithms for space-time (ST) schemes. The occurrence of any combination of two types of ambiguities, phase ambiguity (PhA) and permutation ambiguity (PeA), initiated in deep fades, produces error propagation in joint channel estimation/data detection for the dual transmit diversity method. A new time-varying space-time coding (TVST) scheme is suggested as a bandwidth efficient method to combat the PeA impairment. This coding scheme, in conjunction with a differential detector, can resolve the ambiguity problem. Finally, some remedies used to prevent error propagation are listed. These remedies are called space-time ambiguity remedies (STARs).
Efficacy of a ketogenic diet with concomitant intranasal perillyl alcohol as a novel strategy for the therapy of recurrent glioblastoma (2017)

It has been hypothesized that persistent ketotic hypoglycemia represents a potential therapeutic strategy against high-grade gliomas. Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a non-toxic, naturally-occurring, hydroxylated monoterpene that exhibits cytotoxicity against temozolomide-resistant glioma cells, regardless of O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase promoter methylation status. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of intranasal POH when administered in combination with a ketogenic diet (KD) program for the treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The 32 enrolled patients were divided into two groups, KD or standard diet, with intranasal POH treatment (n=17 and n=15, respectively). The nutritional status and anthropometric parameters of the patients were measured. Patients that adhered to the KD maintained a strict dietary regimen, in addition to receiving 55 mg POH four times daily, in an uninterrupted administration schedule for three months. Neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging analysis were used to monitor disease progression. A total of 9/17 patients in the KD group survived and maintained compliance with the KD. After three months of well-tolerated treatment, a partial response (PR) was observed for 77.8% (7/9) of the patients, stable disease (SD) in 11.1% (1/9) and 11.1% (1/9) presented with progressive disease (PD). Among the patients assigned to the standard diet group, the PR rate was 25% (2/8 patients), SD 25% (2/8) and PD 50% (4/8 patients). The patients assigned to the KD group presented with reduced serum lipid levels and decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These results are encouraging and suggest that KD associated with intranasal POH may represent a viable option as an adjunct therapy for recurrent GBM.
Towards pervasive treatment of non-functional properties at design and run-time (2003)

Disregarding non-functional properties is an important project risk. They have to be taken into consideration throughout the system’s life cycle. Particularly, they must be considered as early as possible in the design phase. Especially in the area of component-based software development it is also important to be able to separate functional and non-functional requirements. Pervasive treatment of non-functional properties allows reusing components in previously uncovered environments. In this paper we present an approach that aims at treating non-functional aspects of a system all the way from design time models to runtime enforcement and Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees. In particular, this includes transformation of nonfunctional property specifications from a human-readable in a machine-readable form, scheduling of component usage, and resource reservation.
‘Living Together with Dementia’ A multi-family group for people recently diagnosed with dementia and their family – our experience of providing large group interventions (2015)

‘In the month or so after Trevor’s assessment I felt a sense of isolation – we had decided to face the new challenge and told our friends but realised that some seemed not to be able to cope with it. When meeting us they wouldn’t mention it, even avoiding conversation indicating a sense of embarrassment. Then we were both invited to participate in the Living Together with Dementia course…’ Julia Seath, Participant . ‘I feel I can now face the future with a far more optimistic approach to as “normal” a life as possible. He feels less frightened about the future. Met lovely people and realised life is for living.’ Participant .
CI in single-sided deafness (2021)

The cochlear implant (CI) as a treatment option for single-sided deafness (SSD) started with a clinical study looking in to the influence of cochlear implantation with a MED-EL device on incapacitating unilateral tinnitus in SSD. The study began in 2003 and was conducted by P. Van de Heyning and his team in Antwerp, Belgium. The first CI in SSD without tinnitus in Germany was implanted by J. Mueller and R. Jacob in Koblenz in 2005. Translational research activities took place since then to evaluate the CI as a treatment option for SSD not only in adults but also in children. They assessed the hearing performance of SSD patients implanted with CI, importance of long electrode arrays in SSD patients, degree of acceptance of CI by SSD children, importance of early CI implantation in SSD children in developing language skills, music enjoyment by hearing with two ears and evidence on spiral ganglion cell body distribution. In 2013, MED-EL was the first CI manufacturer to receive the CE mark for the indication of SSD and asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) in adults and children. In 2019, MED-EL was the first CI manufacturer to get its CI device approved for patients over the age of five with SSD and AHL, by the FDA in the USA. This article covers the milestones of translational research from the first concept to the widespread clinical use of CI in SSD.
Importância da auto-PEEP sobre a mecânica respiratória e gases arteriais em pacientes submetidos a ventilação pulmonar mecânica Auto-PEEP effects on respiratory mechanics and blood gases in mechanically ventilated patients (1998)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the autoPEEP incidence and magnitude and the relationship between its reductions and changes in respiratory mechanics and gas exchanges in mechanically ventilated patients addmited in an Intensive Care Unit. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in seventeen infants undergoing mechanical ventilation due to respiratory or neuromuscular diseases. We have measured blood gases, mean airway pressure, tidal volume, compliance, resistance and time constants of the respiratory system and monitored pressure, flow and volume waveforms and pressure-volume and flow-volume loops. Results: Thirteen patients or 76% developed auto-PEEP and the reduction of its magnitude (from 5.4 ± 3.2 to 4.1 ± 2.6 cmH 2 O, p<0.01) showed association to mean airway pressure decrease (from 10.2 ± 3.1 to 9.3 ± 2.3 cmH 2 O, p<0.01), tidal volume (from 45.3 ± 19.1 to 51.3 ± 22.9 ml, p<0.01) and corrected compliance increase (1.02 ± 1.20 to 1.13 ± 1.41 ml/cmH 2 O/kg, p=0.05). Expiratory resistance remained unchanged (from 15.0 ± 8.6 to 15.7 ± 9.4 cmH 2 O/l/sec/kg, p=0.06). Arterial blood gases showed pH increase (from 7.37 ± 0.12 to 7.42 ± 0.05, p<0.05) and PCO 2 and PO2 decrease (from 40.1 ± 11.1 mmHg to 33.1 ± 7.4 mmHg, p<0.01 and 65.0 ± 13.9 to 58.0 ± 12.6 mmHg, p<0.01 respectively). Conclusions: Auto-PEEP reduction was associated with pulmonary mechanics and blood gases improvement. Knowledge of auto-PEEP presence and magnitude allowed to respiratory system compliance and time constants correction, providing accurate index of the pulmonary mechanics.
mPGES-1 deletion impairs aldosterone escape and enhances sodium appetite (2010)

Aldosterone (Aldo) is a major sodium-retaining hormone that reduces renal sodium excretion and also stimulates sodium appetite. In the face of excess Aldo, the sodium-retaining action of this steroid is overridden by an adaptive regulatory mechanism, a phenomenon termed Aldo escape. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is not well defined but appeared to involve a number of natriuretic factors such prostaglandins (PGs). Here, we investigated the role of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in the response to excess Aldo. A 14-day Aldo infusion at 0.35 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) via an osmotic minipump in conjunction with normal salt intake did not produce obvious disturbances in fluid metabolism in WT mice as suggested by normal sodium and water balance, plasma sodium concentration, hematocrit, and body weight, despite the evidence of a transient sodium accumulation on days 1 or 2. In a sharp contrast, the 14-day Aldo treatment in mPGES-1 knockoute (KO) mice led to increased sodium and water balance, persistent reduction of hematocrit, hypernatremia, and body weight gain, all evidence of fluid retention. The escaped wild-type (WT) mice displayed a remarkable increase in urinary PGE(2) excretion in parallel with coinduction of mPGES-1 in the proximal tubules, accompanied by a remarkable, widespread downregulation of renal sodium and water transporters. The increase in urinary PGE(2) excretion together with the downregulation of renal sodium and water transporters were all significantly blocked in the KO mice. Interestingly, compared with WT controls, the KO mice exhibited consistent increases in sodium and water intake during Aldo infusion. Together, these results suggest an important role of mPGES-1 in antagonizing the sodium-retaining action of Aldo at the levels of both the central nervous system and the kidney.
A Unified Continuum Damage Mechanics Model for Predicting the Mechanical Response of Asphalt Mixtures and Pavements (2011)

Predicting the performance of asphalt pavements is a very challenging task due to the complex behavior of asphalt mixtures and the complex traffic and environmental loading condi- tions to which these pavements are subjected. In this paper, a unified continuum-based mecha- nistic model is presented and its effectiveness in predicting rutting and damage evolution in as- phalt pavements is demonstrated. The model couples the characterization of nonlinear viscoelastic, viscoplastic, and viscodamage behavior of asphalt mixtures. Due to the very high computational cost of predicting the rutting of asphalt pavements through conducting three- dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulations under many loading cycles, an effective and simple extrapolation technique is presented for predicting rutting based on conducting 3D FE simulations for a relatively small number of loading cycles and extending the analysis with two- dimensional (2D) FE simulations for very many loading cycles. Further, it is shown that the uni- fied continuum damage mechanics model presented herein can also be used in conducting novel 2D and 3D micromechanical simulations of asphalt mixtures where each constituent (e.g., aggre- gate, mastic) is modeled explicitly. Such micromechanical simulations can be used in guiding the material design of more rutting- and damage-resistant asphalt mixtures and pavements.
Ionospheric Transfer Function Tests: Line of Sight and Slab (2021)

Ionospheric transfer function (ITF) algorithms determine the effects of the ionosphere on an electromagnetic (EM) signal as it propagates through. In this report, analytic formulas are derived which can be used to compare results of ITF calculations from certain algorithms.
A Field-Sequential Stereoscopic Display System with DC-type PDP. (2000)

We have developed a field-sequential stereoscopic display system with a 42-inch diagonal HDTV DC-type plasma display panel (PDP). This system uses an LCD shutter stereoscopic eyeglass, synchronized with the L and R pictures on the display by infrared signals. A 12 sub-field light-emission scheme for stereoscopic display and a signal-processing method for improving gray-scale expression in stereoscopic display are described. Stereoscopic images were displayed on the PDP by the proposed emission scheme. The effectiveness of the signal-processing method was confirmed by subjective evaluation.
Analytical optimization of CQF filter banks (1996)

The optimization of subband filter banks for signal and image coding is normally dealt with by numerical means. It is shown that this optimization can be done analytically in the case of the prototype four-tap causal conjugate quadrature filter (CQF). The coding gain and aliasing energy are considered in the optimization. Using parametrizations of the prototype filter coefficients, it was found that the optimal filter is the regular Daubechies D/sub 2/ wavelet filter.
Transition from S- to N-Type Differential Negative Resistance in AlAl2O3−Ag2−xSe1+x Thin Film Structures (1982)

Al and Ag2−xSe1+x layers are prepared by thermal evaporation. Al2O3 thin films are obtained after Al deposition by breaking the vacuum or by anodic oxydation of aluminium for the thicker one's. For an Al2O3 thickness of about 20 Å, the I-U characteristics show a S-type differential negative resistance: after a formation process the commutation voltage stabilizes to a value VS. The memorized on-state vanishes quickly by application of a reverse voltage (Al being taken as the anode) or progressively by cancelling the applied voltage. The temperature dependence of the resistivity in the conducting state is metallic-like. In the off-state, conduction can be described by a tunneling mechanism through the Al2O3 layer. For thicker Al2O3 films (100 to 300 Å) the (I-U) characteristics show a N-type differential negative resistance (DNR). After a forming process obtained by application of a voltage greater than a minimum VF, the samples develope a RDN effect similar to that found in MIM structures. All these properties are not sensitive to the atmosphere. These results are described in terms of metal ionic diffusion and filament formation. The shape of the (I-U) characterisitics is bound to the dimensions and the number of filaments. Les couches d'aluminium et de Ag2−xSe1+x ont été préparées par évaporation thermique, celles d'alumine ont été obtenues en “cassant” le vide avant la déposition du semiconducteur et, pour les couches épaisses, par oxydation anodique de l'aluminium. Pour une épaisseur de 20 Å d'alumine, les structures présentent une résistance différentielle négative (RDN) en forme de S. L'état conducteur mémorisé disparaît rapidement par application d'une tension inverse ou lentement en annulant la tension aux bornes de l'échantillon. L'evolution de la résistivité de l'état conducteur avec la température est de type métallique. La conduction dans l'état isolant peut être décrite par un mécanisme tunnel à travers la couche d'alumine. Pour des épaisseurs de 100 à 300 Å d'alumine, les structures présentent une résistance différentielle négative en forme de N semblable à celles rencontrées dans les structures MIM. Tous ces résultats sont interprétés à l'aide d'une diffusion d'ions argent et formation de filaments. La forme de la RDN est déterminée par la taille et le nombre de filaments eux-mêmes liés à l'épaisseur d'isolant
Challenges of Return-Oriented-Programming on the Xtensa Hardware Architecture (2020)

This paper shows how the Xtensa architecture can be attacked with Return-Oriented-Programming (ROP). The presented techniques include possibilities for both supported Application Binary Interfaces (ABIs). Especially for the windowed ABI a powerful mechanism is presented that not only allows to jump to gadgets but also to manipulate registers without relying on specific gadgets. This paper purely focuses on how the properties of the architecture itself can be exploited to chain gadgets and not on specific attacks or a gadget catalog.
Pattern recognition, classification and diagnosis of acoustic emission signals in applications for mining (2016)

In this work, Acoustic Emission Technique (AET) and Pattern Recognition Technique (PRT) are used in combination for classification of AE signals obtained from two experimental applications in the mining sector. AE signals are collected and used to form features or parameters in order to identify AE events of interest. Signal processing in time domain and in frequency domain are applied to extract these features from the AE signals.The aim of this work is to identify and classify similar AE signals from experimental mining tests. It is achieved by means of using unsupervised and supervised methods of PRT. The main reason for performing these tests at a laboratory scale is to obtain a correlation of the AE signals with each mining process as well as to use the results as a guide for other specific mining applications.Beginning with the formulation of the problem and data acquisition, each step of the pattern recognition process is carried out for classification of the AE signals, namely pre-processing of the data, feature selection and extraction, unsupervised or supervised classification, assessment and interpretation of the results.In the pre-processing of the data, Standard Score Normalization is applied to the input data for further comparisons of AE features. For feature extraction, three algorithms are used, namely Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Linear Discrimination analysis (LDA), and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). For supervised classification three methods are employed, these are linear Support Vector Machine, non-linear Support Vector Machine and Back-propagation Neural Network. These supervised classifiers are evaluated using classification accuracy. For unsupervised classification, also three classification algorithms are used, namely K-means Clustering, Fuzzy C-Means Clustering and Vector Quantization Clustering. These unsupervised classifiers are evaluated using similarities between clusters by Rand Index (RI).Two experimental applications are studied using the algorithms and the selected AE features. First, AET in a laboratory column flotation cell is used to monitor the bubble activity and bubble size, as a means of improving the efficiency of the column flotation process. Next, in rock cutting, AET and PRT are employed to identify the rocks being cut as a means of automation in the operation of underground mining and tunneling.These experiments were carried out in a laboratory scale, using AE wave measurements to analyze the processes. Pattern Recognition Technique is used in combination with classic and advanced signal processing techniques to characterize the collected AE signals.
Postsynthetic Modification of Phenylalanine Containing Peptides by C–H Functionalization (2018)

New methods for peptide modification are in high demand in drug discovery, chemical biology, and materials chemistry; methods that modify natural peptides are particularly attractive. A Pd-catalyzed, C-H functionalization protocol for the olefination of phenylalanine residues in peptides is reported, which is compatible with common amino acid protecting groups, and the scope of the styrene reaction partner is broad. Bidentate coordination of the peptide to the catalyst appears crucial for the success of the reaction.
Straightforward Synthesis of α‐Substituted Prolines by Cross‐Metathesis (2008)

Abstract The synthesis of several α‐substituted N ‐Boc‐protected prolines has been achieved by cross metathesis (CM) of N ‐Boc‐allylproline 5 with terminal long chain alkenes and alkenes bearing hydroxy, silyloxy, ester, and O ‐acetylglucosamido groups. The CM occurred with good selectivity and short reaction time under microwave heating conditions, affording yields in the range of 40–92 %. Addition of Ti(O i Pr) 4 as a Lewis acid allowed a slight increase of the yield in the case of alkenes with Lewis basic substituents. The CM was also successfully applied to allylproline protected with trichloroacetaldehyde 4 , but the intermediate products were less practical for further deprotection and elaboration. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)