gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, motivation, and competence in mathematics and reading for children with and without learning difficulties (2021)

Knowledge of the relations among learners’ socio-emotional characteristics and competencies as they engage in mathematics and reading is limited, especially for children with academic difficulties. This study examined the relations between anxiety, motivation, and competence in mathematics and reading, within and across domains, in an academically-diverse set of 8–13-year-old learners (n = 146). To measure anxiety and motivation across domains, we paired existing measures of math anxiety and reading motivation with researcher-developed analogues for reading anxiety and math motivation. Participants completed standardized assessments of mathematics and reading, anxiety and motivation surveys for math and reading, and a measure of nonverbal cognitive ability. Results showed high internal consistency for all anxiety and motivation scales (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.76-0.91). Pearson correlations showed that within and across domains, participants with higher competence had lower anxiety and higher motivation. Higher anxiety was also associated with lower motivation. Regression analyses showed that for both math and reading, within-domain motivation was a stronger predictor of competence than anxiety. There was a unidirectional across-domain relation: socio-emotional characteristics for reading predicted math competence, after accounting for nonverbal cognitive ability, age, gender, and within-domain anxiety and motivation. Results contribute to knowledge of the socio-emotional characteristics of children with and without learning difficulties in association with reading and math activities. Implications of a unidirectional socio-emotional link between the two domains can advance research and theory of the relations among socio-emotional characteristics and competence for academically-diverse learners.
Abstract 4328: Epigenetic modulation of SSTR2 expression provides the potential to broaden PEN-221 treatment population (2019)

The expression of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) is increased in up to 80% of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), 20-40% of small cell lung cancers (SCLC) and a number of other tumor types. As a cell surface receptor, SSTR2 is a logical target for a drug conjugate. However, marginal, or loss of, expression of SSTR2 in tumor tissues has potential to limit the benefit from such conjugates.Recent published preclinical studies have demonstrated that epigenetic modulators, such as HDAC inhibitors, can result in increased SSTR2 expression with treatment. Given that the expression of SSTR2 can be variable from patient to patient and in some cases low to absent, we hypothesized that the combination of epigenetic modulators with an SSTR2 target therapy may provide a benefit for patients who are not eligible for these targeted approaches on their own.PEN-221 is a miniature drug conjugate of an SSTR2 targeting peptide attached to the potent cytotoxic DM1 through a cleavable disulfide linker. PEN-221, currently in Phase 1/2a (NCT02936323), is designed as a potent and selective anticancer agent to treat patients whose tumors express SSTR2. The targeting peptide of PEN-221 selectively binds to SSTR2, triggers receptor internalization leading to the accumulation of the DM1 to provide antitumor activity by disrupting microtubule networks causing apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe. In preclinical studies, single agent PEN-221 treatment leads to complete and sustained tumor regression in xenograft models that over-express SSTR2. We hypothesize that increased expression of SSTR2 as a result of epigenetic modulation from HDAC or other epigenetic modulators, may allow for the broadening of PEN-221 treatable tumors.To evaluate these hypotheses, we have combined PEN-221 and epigenetic modulators in preclinical models of cancer. Efficacy studies were carried out in models expressing various degrees of SSTR2, and combinations resulted in greater efficacy than that of the single agent. In addition, a pharmacodynamic assessment of epigenetic modulator treatment on SSTR2 expression levels was performed. These data demonstrate that combination of PEN-221 and epigenetic modulators provide greater efficacy than single agent activity alone and support the evaluation of such combinations in the clinical setting.Citation Format: Samantha Perino, James Quinn, Jessica Freda, Brian White, Scott Bailey, Viren Bhatia, Beata Sweryda-Krawiec, Mark Bilodeau, Jeffrey D. Bloss, Kerry Whalen, Richard Wooster. Epigenetic modulation of SSTR2 expression provides the potential to broaden PEN-221 treatment population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4328.
A high-speed photonic clock and carrier recovery device (1996)

We present the experimental results of a high-speed clock and carrier recovery device based on a novel oscillator called a optoelectronic oscillator (OEO). Such a device can recover a clock signal or carrier with a frequency up to 75 GHz and can be interfaced with a photonic communication system both electronically and optically.
An Irrotational Flow Field That Approximates Flat Plate Boundary Conditions (2004)

An irrotational solution is derived for the steady-state Navier-Stokes equations that approximately satisfies the boundary conditions for flow over a finite flat plate. The nature of the flow differs substantially from boundary layer flow, with severe numerical difficulties in some regions.
Information Technologies in Medicine, Volume 2, Rehabilitation and Treatment (2001)

From the Publisher:
This book deals with applications of Virtual Reality in medicine. Its two volumes cover VR in medical education, treatment through us of virtual environments, and telemedicine and telesurgery. Volume II covers the technologies for rehabilitation and medical treatment. This volume also covers the recent developments in telemedicine and surgery.
Improving Resilience of Software Systems: A Case Study in 3D-Online Game System (2016)

Resilience is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly when one or more faults occur. Nowadays, as software systems become more and more complex, their hardware execution platforms also become more heterogenous with larger scale. Software systems may fail due to some faults such as node breakdown, communication failure, or data processing failure. In this paper, we propose a ring-based resilience mechanism, which implements fault detection and recovery. (1) To solve the problem that the central server may have high burden of network traffic, we design a ring-based heartbeat algorithm for crash fault detection. (2) We also design a light-weight recovery mechanism to recover from crash faults as compared with the current system-specific mechanisms. To evaluate our mechanism, we use a 3D-online game system as a case study. By injecting faults, we test the effectiveness and overhead of the proposed mechanism. Compared with other mechanisms, the experimental results show that our mechanism can support resilience very well and is better at dealing with the crash fault caused by high cluster workload with acceptable overhead.
Effect of hydrocarbons on plasma treatment of NOx (1997)

Lean burn gasoline engine exhausts contain a significant amount of hydrocarbons in the form of propene. Diesel engine exhausts contain little gaseous hydrocarbon; however, they contain a significant amount of liquid-phase hydrocarbons (known as the volatile organic fraction) in the particulates. The objective of this paper is to examine the fate of NO{sub x} when an exhaust gas mixture that contains hydrocarbons is subjected to a plasma. The authors will show that the hydrocarbons promote the oxidation of NO to NO{sub 2}, but not the reduction of NO to N{sub 2}. The oxidation of NO to NO{sub 2} is strongly coupled with the hydrocarbon oxidation chemistry. This result suggests that gas-phase reactions in the plasma alone cannot lead to the chemical reduction of NO{sub x}. Any reduction of NO{sub x} to N{sub 2} can only be accomplished through heterogeneous reactions of NO{sub 2} with surfaces or particulates.
Intense fluorescence of 1-aryl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylphosphole oxides in the crystalline state (2010)

A series of 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylphosphole oxides with various aryl groups on the phosphorus atoms were synthesized and their fluorescence properties in the crystalline state were investigated. Some of these compounds showed an intense fluorescence with the quantum yields of 0.75–0.91. These intense emissions are attributable not only to the restricted rotation of the peripheral phenyl rings, but also to the long intermolecular distances between the adjacent molecules in the crystal packing.
Focal Thalamic Degeneration from Ethanol and Thiamine Deficiency is Associated with Neuroimmune Gene Induction, Microglial Activation, and Lack of Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters (2013)

Our findings suggest that EtOH potentiates TD-induced THAL degeneration through neuroimmune gene induction. The findings support the hypothesis that TD deficiency inhibits global glucose metabolism and that a reduced ability to process acetate for cellular energy results in THAL focal degeneration in alcoholics contributing to the high incidence of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in alcoholism.
Zero-dimensional indium hybrids and modulated photoluminescence by Sb doping (2023)

A series of multi-color (TEA) 2 InCl 5 : Sb 3+ hybrids were designed, and the effects of replacing [InCl 5 ] 2− square pyramids by [SbCl 5 ] 2− square pyramids on the crystal structure and luminescence properties were investigated.
Identification of a DNA methylation signature and distinct microRNA variants in breast cancer (2010)

Summary Deregulation of factors involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression is a hallmark of cancer. In this dissertation, DNA methylation and microRNA (miRNA) expression, as two components implicated in epigenetic regulation, were studied in breast cancer. In the first study, the establishment of a DNA methylation signature for breast cancer was aimed at, based on the early occurrence and stability of abnormal DNA methylation patterns in tumors. Specialized oligonucleotide microarrays were developed and optimized to screen DNA methylation patterns of the candidate loci associated with breast cancer. The assay was applied to analyze DNA methylation patterns of breast cancer and control samples. The profiling data was subjected to multiple bioinformatic analyses in order to identify a DNA methylation signature with appropriately high potential for diagnosis. Methylation patterns of CpG sites associated with two genes, SFRP2 and GHSR, were identified as promising markers. Up-regulation and activation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling is a common feature of almost 70% of breast cancers. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying deregulation of this signaling pathway is scarce. In the second study, based on miRNA profiling data of human mammary cell lines, miR-375 was identified as an overexpressed miRNA in ERα-positive cells. Analysis of the miRNA locus revealed that miR-375 overexpression is mainly caused by the loss of epigenetic marks, such as H3K9me2 and local DNA hypomethylation, which, in turn, triggers the dissociation of the transcriptional repressor CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) from the promoter and enables interactions of ERα with regulatory regions of miR-375. Inhibition of miR-375 in ERα-positive MCF7 cells resulted in reduced ERα activation and cell proliferation. In addition, RASD1, an estrogen inducible gene, was identified as a miR-375 target mediating miR-375 effect on ERα. These data indicate the existence of a positive feedback regulation between ERα and miR-375. The methylation signature identified shows a promising potential to be applicable for diagnosis/risk assessment of breast cancer. Furthermore, our findings from miRNA study provide significant insight into the deregulation of ERα pathway, which may open new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
Optics and Radar image fusion: Based on Image Quality Assessment (2013)

Optical and Radar images cover two distinct aspects in the satellite image analysis. Optical images giving more semantic information derived e.g. from multispectral data, while the radar being more versatile due to independence on cloudy and night scenes. Due to the different detection methods we can expect that the fusion of these different data types can lead to improvements in the overall information from the observed scene. We define, that the information content (IC) of a set of (multispectral) images can be optimally derived from the data, if spatial and spectral resolution is adequate to the task that has to be solved. Furthermore the information is masked by typical sensor smear and noise. Thus the information, which can be derived from remote sensing imagery, depends on the system performance or image quality (IQ). By the additional use of radar data with the same GSD but worse IQ (e.g. for classification), often no significant improvement in the result is visible. Thus, we expect a drastic improvement of IC in the fused image, if the IQ of the two sets is are comparable. This can be also analyzed in terms of image quality (IQ) for the fused data. The main purpose of this contribution is to achieve a number representing IQ, as e.g. the National Image Interpretability Rating Scale (NIIRS). The chosen fusion algorithm was the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied and was validated on different area sets in Germany.
Polymer bonding process for nanolithography (2001)

We have developed a lithography process which originates from imprint lithography and offers advantages over it. Unlike imprint lithography, not only the sample but also the mold is covered with a thermoplastic polymer. The mold and sample are brought into contact, pressed together and heated above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplast, causing the two polymer layers to become bonded (glued) together. A special treatment of the mold and sample surface causes the polymer film to stick only to the substrate after cooling. The bonding occurs at pressures and temperatures lower than those usually applied in imprint technology, and eliminates problems in conventional imprint technology that are related to lateral transport of the polymer.
Peptide YY immunoneutralization inhibits meal-induced absorption in vivo. (1994)

These results suggest that PYY acts selectively in the ileum to increase postprandial fluid and electrolyte absorption after a meal. Agents directed at PYY-stimulated absorption may prove to be of therapeutic benefit in patients with malabsorptive conditions.
Coherent photon coincidence spectroscopy of single quantum systems (2020)

The authors propose a coherent photon coincidence spectroscopy, a variant of nonlinear spectroscopy for single quantum systems. Based on quantum dynamics simulations of two example systems, the technique is shown to provide valuable dynamical information on the investigated systems.
HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY ASPECTS OF NANOFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE (2011)

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is one of the most promising innovations for forest sector. NFC is produced by fibrillating the fibres under high compression and shear forces. In this study we evaluated the worker exposures to particles in air during grinding and spray drying of birch cellulose. Processing of NFC with either a friction grinder or a spray dryer did not cause significant exposure to particles during normal operation. Grinding generated small amount of particles, which were mostly removed by fume hood. Spray dryer leaked particles when duct valve was closed, but when correctly operated the exposure to particles was low or nonexistent. To assess the health effects of the produced NFC, mouse macrophages and human monocyte derived macrophages were exposed to NFC and the viability and cytokine profile of the cells were studied thereafter. No evidence of inflammatory effects or cytotoxicity on mouse and human macrophages was observed after 6 and 24 hours exposure to the materials studied. The results of toxicity studies suggest that the friction ground NFC is not cytotoxic and does not cause any effects on inflammatory system in macrophages. In addition, environmental safety of NFC was studied with ecotoxicity test. Acute environmental toxicity assessed with kinetic luminescent bacteria test showed high NOEC (no effect concentration) values (>100 mg/l) for studied NFC. However, NFC disturbed Daphnia magna mobility mechanically when the test was performed according to the standard procedure.
Poly(thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine-alt-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)s: A New Design Paradigm in Low Band Gap Polymers (2018)

A new design paradigm for the production of low band gap polymers is reported, in which an ambipolar unit exhibiting both donor and acceptor properties is combined with a conventional acceptor. As initial examples of this approach, the synthesis of two alternating copolymers of thieno[3,4-<i>b</i>]pyrazine and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole via direct arylation polymerization is reported to give soluble, processable materials with band gaps of 0.97 and 1.05 eV. Although direct arylation polymerization has been previously used to synthesize donor-acceptor materials with band gaps below 1.5 eV, this represents only the second material generated by this polymerization method with a band gap below 1.0 eV.
A Unified Family of Single-Server Queueing Location Models (1990)

In this paper, we introduce a general class of single-server network location models which includes the median, center, stochastic queue median, stochastic queue center, L p norm, and other location problems in a single parametric framework. The model incorporates both queueing effects and a cost function (similar to a disutility function), which is nonlinear in response time. We develop a number of properties of this class of models, and present a method for evaluating a range of different objective functions for any given problem. The robustness of the median and center objectives as solution concepts is highlighted.
Nonalloyed Carbon-Supported PtRu Catalysts for PEMFC Applications (2004)

PtRu1:1/C catalysts were prepared by a process that was claimed previously to lead to nonalloyed Pt and Ru particles, using two different precursors, Ru nitrosyl nitrate and Ru chloride hydrate. Both X-ray diffraction and characterization by cyclic voltammetry point toward Pt and Ru being present as separate phases in the prepared, nonannealed catalysts. In combination with a high dispersion, this results in proton exchange membrane fuel cell PEMFC anode electrocatalysts. These PEMFCs have improved hydrogen oxidation activity and CO tolerance.
Auxin Effects on the Aggregation and Heat Coagulability of Cytoplasmic Proteins and Lipoproteins (1970)

Abstract The kinetics of induction of heat stability of cytoplasmic proteins and lipoproteins by auxin (2,4,‐D) were determined for basal sections of soybean hypocotyl. Maximum heat stabilization occurred after 4 h of tissue incubation with 10 ‐5 M 2,4‐D. The effect was less pronounced or absent with longer incubations. Membrane fractions sedimenting between 10,000 and 100,000 g and proteins of the 100,000 g supernatant were most affected. The auxin‐induced protein aggregation response varied among experiments. With many tissue lots, the response was small or absent even though the tissue responded to the auxin uniformly by increased growth. The magnitude of response was proportional to the logarithm of auxin concentration but with low 2,4‐D the portion of the homogenate protein coagulated by heat was increased and with supraoptimal concentrations it was decreased relative to the control. The smallest auxin‐induced change in heat coagulability was observed at the auxin concentration nearest the optimum for growth. No direct correlation was found between the auxin‐induced protein and lipo‐protein aggregation phenomenon and total protein, chloroform‐extractable lipid, residual lipid, growth or tissue deformability. Total sulfhydryl equivalent of the homogenates, however, did correlate with auxin effects on aggregation. This result, plus experiments where homogenates were exposed to oxidizing or reducing conditions, suggests that heat stabilization and associated protein aggregation phenomena are related to conversion of protein sulfhydryl to intramolecular disulfide bonds. No significance is attached to heat stabilization of cytoplasmic proteins as a requisite of auxin‐induced growth.
Correction to: Effects of Collagen Crosslink Augmentation on Mechanism of Compressive Load Sharing in Intervertebral Discs (2018)

After publication in volume [37], issue [1], page [94–101] the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an open access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Non-destructive evaluation of impact damage on carbon fiber laminates: Comparison between ESPI and Shearography (2016)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the ability of two different interferometric NDT techniques to detect and evaluate barely visible impact damage on composite laminates. The interferometric techniques allow to investigate large and complex structures. Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) works through real-time surface illumination by visible laser (i.e. 532 nm) and the range and the accuracy are related to the wavelength. While the ESPI works with the “classic” holographic configuration, that is reference beam and object beam, the Shearography uses the object image itself as reference: two object images are overlapped creating a shear image. This makes the method much less sensitive to external vibrations and noise but with one difference, it measures the first derivative of the displacement. In this work, different specimens at different impact energies have been investigated by means of both methods. The delaminated areas have been estimated and compared.
Evolution of two-sided markets (2010)

Two-sided markets arise when two different types of users may realize gains by interacting with one another through one or more platforms or mediators. We initiate a study of the evolution of such markets. We present an empirical analysis of the value accruing to members of each side of the market, based on the presence of the other side. We codify the range of value curves into a general theoretical model, characterize the equilibrium states of two-sided markets in our model, and prove that each platform will converge to one of these equilibria. We give some early experimental results of the stability of two-sided markets, and close with a theoretical treatment of the formation of different kinds of coalitions in such markets.
Repeatability of Junctional Zone Measurements Using 3‐Dimensional Transvaginal Sonography in Healthy Fertile Women (2016)

The junctional zone has an indistinct outline on 3D transvaginal sonography, resulting in measurement errors within a broad range of ±2 to ±4 mm, which were only reduced to some extent by average measurements. The thickness of the junctional zone varied within a narrow range in this healthy fertile population, and reliability measurements of junctional zone thickness have to be evaluated in women with a wider range of thickness. The observer repeatability and reliability of junctional zone measurements need to be further evaluated and refined before applying this method in clinical practice.