gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Faculty Opinions recommendation of A physiologically validated rat model of term birth asphyxia with seizure generation after, not during, brain hypoxia. (2021)

OBJECTIVE: Birth asphyxia (BA) is often associated with seizures that may exacerbate the ensuing hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. In rodent models of BA, exposure to hypoxia is used to evoke seizures, that commence already during the insult. This is in stark contrast to clinical BA, in which seizures are typically seen upon recovery. Here, we introduce a term-equivalent rat model of BA, in which seizures are triggered after exposure to asphyxia.METHODS: Postnatal day 11-12 male rat pups were exposed to steady asphyxia (15 min; air containing 5% O2 + 20% CO2 ) or to intermittent asphyxia (30 min; three 5 + 5-min cycles of 9% and 5% O2 at 20% CO2 ). Cortical activity and electrographic seizures were recorded in freely behaving animals. Simultaneous electrode measurements of intracortical pH, Po2 , and local field potentials (LFPs) were made under urethane anesthesia.RESULTS: Both protocols decreased blood pH to < 7.0 and brain pH from 7.3 to 6.7 and led to a fall in base excess by 20 mmol·L-1 . Electrographic seizures with convulsions spanning the entire Racine scale were triggered after intermittent but not steady asphyxia. In the presence of 20% CO2 , brain Po2 was only transiently affected by 9% ambient O2 but fell below detection level during the steps to 5% O2 , and LFP activity was nearly abolished. Post-asphyxia seizures were strongly suppressed when brain pH recovery was slowed down by 5% CO2 .SIGNIFICANCE: The rate of brain pH recovery has a strong influence on post-asphyxia seizure propensity. The recurring hypoxic episodes during intermittent asphyxia promote neuronal excitability, which leads to seizures only after the suppressing effect of the hypercapnic acidosis is relieved. The present rodent model of BA is to our best knowledge the first one in which, consistent with clinical BA, behavioral and electrographic seizures are triggered after and not during the BA-mimicking insult.© 2020 The Authors. Epilepsia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy. PMID: 33338272 Funding information This work was supported by: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council, Grant ID: ERC-2013-AdG 341116 Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö, Academy of Finland, Grant ID: 319237 Academy of Finland, Grant ID: 294375
Mastoparan-Induced Insulin Secretion from Insulin-Secreting βTC3 and INS-1 Cells: Evidence for Its Regulation by Rho Subfamily of G Proteins (2003)

Mastoparan, a tetradecapeptide from wasp venom, stimulates insulin secretion from the islet beta-cells, presumably via activation of trimeric G proteins. Herein, we used Clostridial toxins, which selectively modify and inactivate the Rho subfamily of G proteins, to examine whether mastoparan-induced insulin secretion also involves activation of these signaling proteins. Mastoparan, but not mastoparan 17 (an inactive analog of mastoparan), significantly stimulated insulin secretion from betaTC3 and INS-1 cells. Preincubation of betaTC3 cells with either Clostridium difficille toxin B, which inactivates Rho, Cdc42, and Rac, or Clostridium sordellii toxin, which inactivates Ras, Rap, and Rac, markedly attenuated the mastoparan-induced insulin secretion, implicating Rac in this phenomenon. Mastoparan-stimulated insulin secretion was resistant to GGTI-2147, a specific inhibitor of geranylgeranylation of Rho G proteins (e.g. Rac), suggesting that mastoparan induces direct activation of Rac via GTP/GDP exchange. This was confirmed by a pull-down assay that quantifies the binding of activated (i.e. GTP-bound) Rac to p21-activated kinase. However, glucose-induced insulin secretion from these cells was abolished by toxin B or GGTI-2147, suggesting that the geranylgeranylation step is critical for glucose-stimulated secretion. Mastoparan significantly increased the translocation of cytosolic Rac and Cdc42 to the membrane fraction. Confocal light microscopy revealed a substantial degree of colocalization of Rac (and, to a lesser degree, Cdc42) with insulin in beta-cells exposed to mastoparan. Further, stable expression of a dominant negative (N17Rac) form of Rac into INS-1 cells resulted in a significant reduction in mastoparan-stimulated insulin secretion from these cells. Taken together, our findings implicate Rho G proteins, specifically Rac, in mastoparan-induced insulin release.
Patient-Reported Outcomes After Chemoradiation in Patients With Anal Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis (2022)

Patients described late toxicities that affect QOL after pelvic CRT for anal cancer. This may be partially due to insufficient preparative information and post-treatment support. This study contributes to the literature supporting improved patient education and side effect management to augment long-term QOL for survivors of anal cancer.
Effects of structure on binding to the 2,3,7,8-TCDD receptor protein and AHH induction--halogenated biphenyls. (1985)

The quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have been determined by comparing the EC50 values for three in vitro test systems, namely, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) induction in rat hepatoma H-4-II-E cells and competitive binding avidities to the rat cytosolic receptor protein (using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as a radioligand). For several PCB congeners that are in vivo inducers of rat hepatic microsomal AHH, there was a linear correlation between the -log EC50 values for receptor and the -log EC50 values for AHH (or EROD) induction; moreover, a comparable linear relationship was observed between the -log EC50 values for AHH and EROD induction. Previous in vivo studies have shown that the most active PCB congeners 3,3',4,4'-tetra-, 3,4,4',5-tetra-, 3,3',4,4',5-penta-, and 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, cause many of the biologic and toxic effects reported for the highly toxic halogenated aryl hydrocarbon, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Moreover, the monoortho-substituted homologs of the four coplanar PCBs also elicit comparable in vivo biologic and toxic responses. It was evident from the QSARs for PCBs that there was an excellent correspondence between the in vivo and in vitro potencies of the individual PCB congeners. The effects of substituents on both receptor binding and AHH/EROD induction was determined for a series of 4'-substituted (X)-2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyls (where X = H, Cl, Br, I, OH, OCH3, NO2, COCH3, F, CF3, CH3, C2H5, i-C3H7, n-C4H9 and t-C4H9). Not unexpectedly, there was a linear relationship between the -log EC50 values for AHH and EROD induction, and these results confirm that both enzymatic oxidations are catalyzed by the same cytochrome P-450 isozyme(s). The effects of substituent structure on receptor binding for 12 substituents was subjected to multiple regression analysis which correlates the relative binding affinities of the compounds with the physical chemical characteristics of the substituents. The analysis gave the following equation: log (1/EC50) = 1.53 sigma + 1.47 pi + 1.09 HB + 4.08 for n = 12, s = 0.18, r = 0.978; where n is the number of substituents, s is the standard deviation, r is the correlation coefficient, and sigma = electronegativity, pi = hydrophobicity (log P) and HB = hydrogen bonding capacity for the substituent groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Organization of Block Copolymers using NanoImprint Lithography: Comparison of Theory and Experiments (2011)

We present NanoImprint lithography experiments and modeling of thin films of block copolymers (BCP). The NanoImprint technique is found to be an efficient tool not only to align lamellar phases perpendicularly to the substrate but also to get rid of in-plane defects over distances much larger than the natural lamellar periodicity. The modeling relies on self-consistent field calculations done in two- and three-dimensions and is found to be in good agreement with the experiments. It also offers some insight on the NanoImprint lithography setup and on the conditions required to perfectly ordered BCP lamellae.
Matching Analysis of Mixed Matrix Membranes for Organic Solvent Reverse Osmosis (2022)

Existing polymeric membranes struggle to separate small molecule solvents in the liquid phase due to low selectivity from solvent-induced plasticization and dilation. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) can potentially alleviate this issue via diffusion-based separations within rigid framework materials. Previous work from our lab and others has shown that organic solvent reverse osmosis membranes have different responses to transmembrane pressure depending on whether the material is a rigid structure (e.g., a carbon, zeolite, or metal-organic framework) or a swollen polymer. This work combines two Maxwell–Stefan transport models, representing the flexible polymer phase and a rigid microporous filler, with the Maxwell model to predict mixed matrix membrane solvent separation performance as a function of pressure and membrane material properties. The model demonstrates that for every filler perm-selectivity, there is a filler permeability that provides the largest separation factor in the final MMM. This optimum permeability increases with the filler’s perm-selectivity. Dual-layer UiO-66/Matrimid hollow fiber MMMs were created to evaluate the model’s prediction on the influence of transmembrane pressure on the separation of toluene and mesitylene as a test case. The UiO-66/Matrimid membrane demonstrated a predicted decline in permeance as pressure was increased. The separation factors increased as higher pressures increased the driving force for separation, consistent with the model. UiO-66 was shown to have superior selectivity to Matrimid in toluene/mesitylene; however, we conclude that ultraselective materials are ultimately needed to enable the mixed matrix membrane concept for the most challenging solvent–solvent separations, and open questions remain about polymer–filler pairings for organic solvent reverse osmosis.
Barrier Capabilities of Selective Chemical Vapor Deposited W Films and WSiN / WSi x  /  W  Stacked Layers Against Cu Diffusion (1999)

This work investigates the barrier capability of W layers as well as stacked layers against Cu diffusion. The W layers were selectively chemical vapor deposited (CVD) in contact holes to a thickness of about 450 nm using reduction of . We found that the CVD‐W layers functioned as effective barriers against Cu diffusion, and the junction diodes were able to sustain a 30 min furnace annealing up to 650°C without causing degradation in electrical characteristics. The use of stacked layers as diffusion layers further improved the thermal stability of junction diodes to at least 700°C. The layers were deposited by CVD to a thickness of 75 nm using chemistry, and the subsequent in situ plasma treatment produced a very thin layer of WSiN on the surface. This thin WSiN layer was very thermally stable and effective in suppressing Cu diffusion. Failure of barrier capability for the W films was presumably due to interdiffusion of Cu and Si along grain boundaries of the W films, and the interdiffusion was probably enhanced by the formation of . The formation of consumed the W layer and Si substrate, resulting in a volume change in barrier layer, which, in turn, developed local defects, such as microcracks and stress‐induced weak points, and thus provided fast paths for Cu diffusion. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Design and Experimental Validation of a 2DOF Sidestick Powered by Hyper-Redundant Magnetorheological Actuators Providing Active Feedback (2019)

Haptic joysticks for man-machine interaction used in aerospace flight control have highly demanding requirements of reliability, force density, and high dynamics that can hardly be met with conventional electromagnetic actuators. This work explores the potential of using an alternative actuation strategy based on hyper-redundant MR clutches that modulate the force of a tendon-driven 2-degree-of-freedom spherical gimbal. A system design and its closed-loop force control scheme are proposed. Experimental results for an open-loop characterization, static force control and dynamic force control are set out and compared with typical requirements for such devices from the literature. Results show that the proposed architecture leads to one of the lightest systems reported in the literature that has the potential to meet reliability requirements by providing a jam-free design with duplex fault tolerance, and yet, can generate high force levels while providing enough force resolution. The approach is promising and can extend to high-performance collaborative robot applications.
Bioherbicide Technology (1990)

Technology which supports commercial development of new bioherbicides will continue to require integrated, multidisciplinary research efforts from public/private sectors for optimization of success. Discovery/isolation of stable, virulent bioherbicide candidates as well as strain improvement/long-term preservation form the foundation for commercial bioherbicide development. An economical, profitable means of propagule production is essential in determination of fermentation parameters, time of propagule harvest, and subsequent processing. Processing, which includes stabilization and formulation, is based on biological requirements of the organism for maintenance in a viable state prior to marketing and subsequent transition to a virulent state upon delivery to the weedy host. Upon delivery to the host, a major barrier to consistent performance of foliar-applied bioherbicides is the requirement for free moisture. Development of technology to circumvent this requirement will be tantamount to the successful commercialization of certain foliar-applied bioherbicides.
Synthesis of Novel Biodegradable Poly(amide-Ester)s from Penicillin (1989)

Abstract Novel biodegradable poly(amide-ester)s were successfully synthesized from antibiotic penicillin, utilizing a nucleophilic addition of primary amines to the β-lactam ring of penicillin.
Efficacy of elective nodal irradiation in skin squamous cell carcinoma of the face, ears, and scalp (2015)

Elective nodal irradiation in patients with high-risk SCC of the face, ears and scalp is safe and effective.
Reinforcement and Antibacterial Properties of Hand Embroidery Threads Based on Green Nanocoatings (2023)

This paper presents a novel design and synthesis strategy for smart antibacterial and reinforcement coatings for hand embroidery threads. For the first, time molokhia stem extract was prepared and utilized as a reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of a uniform narrow-sized dispersion of ZnONPs, with an average size of 10 nm. This was then wrapped with starch chains and coated on hand embroidery threads. The ZnONP size and dispersion were elucidated using microscopic techniques. The tensile strength and antibacterial properties for the developed cotton threads were studied. The new green nanocoatings enhance the tensile strength of hand embroidery threads by 7% and record potential antibacterial behavior. The developed threads inhibit the growth of bacteria and record a clear antibacterial inhibition zone of 8.5 mm compared to zero for the uncoated one. The dispersion and morphology of the nanocoating on the surface cotton threads were investigated using SEM-EDS. The current study affords a green and scalable approach for the new generation of safe and green hand embroidery products.
Experimental quantum teleportation with a three-Bell-state analyzer (2006)

We present a Bell-state analyzer for time-bin qubits allowing the detection of three out of four Bell states with linear optics, two detectors, and no auxiliary photons. The theoretical success rate of this scheme is 50%. A teleportation experiment was performed to demonstrate its functionality. We also present a teleportation experiment with a fidelity larger than the cloning limit of $F=\frac{5}{6}$.
Catalytic Applications of Organometallic Compounds (1986)

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry defines catalysis as the phenomenon in which a relatively small amount of a foreign material, called a catalyst, augments the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed (Burwell, 1976). In practice this means that a catalyst reduces the activation energy of a reaction which must itself be energetically favoured. This is shown in figure 9.1.
Acute Cocaine Induces Fast Activation of D1 Receptor and Progressive Deactivation of D2 Receptor Striatal Neurons:In VivoOptical Microprobe [Ca2+]iImaging (2011)

Cocaine induces fast dopamine increases in brain striatal regions, which are recognized to underlie its rewarding effects. Both dopamine D1 and D2 receptors are involved in cocaine's reward but the dynamic downstream consequences of cocaine effects in striatum are not fully understood. Here we used transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of either the D1 receptor (D1R) or the D2 receptor (D2R) gene and microprobe optical imaging to assess the dynamic changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) responses (used as marker of neuronal activation) to acute cocaine in vivo separately for D1R- versus D2R-expressing neurons in striatum. Acute cocaine (8 mg/kg, i.p.) rapidly increased [Ca(2+)](i) in D1R-expressing neurons (10.6 ± 3.2%) in striatum within 8.3 ± 2.3 min after cocaine administration after which the increases plateaued; these fast [Ca(2+)](i) increases were blocked by pretreatment with a D1R antagonist (SCH23390). In contrast, cocaine induced progressive decreases in [Ca(2+)](i) in D2R-expressing neurons (10.4 ± 5.8%) continuously throughout the 30 min that followed cocaine administration; these slower [Ca(2+)](i) decreases were blocked by pretreatment with a D2R antagonist (raclopride). Since activation of striatal D1R-expressing neurons (direct-pathway) enhances cocaine reward, whereas activation of D2R-expressing neurons suppresses it (indirect-pathway) (Lobo et al., 2010), this suggests that cocaine's rewarding effects entail both its fast stimulation of D1R (resulting in abrupt activation of direct-pathway neurons) and a slower stimulation of D2R (resulting in longer-lasting deactivation of indirect-pathway neurons). We also provide direct in vivo evidence of D2R and D1R interactions in the striatal responses to acute cocaine administration.
Expression of DSD-1-PG in primary neural and glial-derived cell line cultures, upregulation by TGF-?, and implications for cell-substrate interactions of the glial cell line Oli-neu (1998)

DSD-1-PG is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with neurite-outgrowth promoting properties expressed during development and upon lesion of neural tissues which has been defined with the specific monoclonal antibody 473HD. Double immunofluorescence studies performed on primary cerebellar cultures document that the proteoglycan is expressed on the surface of immature glial cells and the neural cell line Oli-neu, a model of mouse oligodendrocyte progenitors. Biochemical and immunoprecipitation studies performed with biosynthetically labelled Oli-neu and primary neural cells demonstrated that DSD-1-PG is expressed in vitro as a proteoglycan of 1000 kD apparent Mr with two core glycoproteins of 250 kD and 400 kD. In order to study the regulation of DSD-1-PG expression, an in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on Oli-neu and mAb 473HD was established. TGF-beta1-3 induced up-regulation of the proteoglycan, while various growth factors and cytokines did not significantly affect DSD-1-PG expression in both the supernatant and the extract of the culture monolayer. FACSCAN analysis suggested that the proteoglycan is upregulated on the surface of Oli-neu. Cell substrate adhesion assays revealed that this enhanced expression correlates with a selective reduction of adhesion to laminin, but not fibronectin or merosin, which could specifically be neutralized by antibodies to DSD-1-PG. We conclude that the proteoglycan contributes to the regulation of glial precursor interactions with the extracellular matrix.
Er<sup>3&#x002B;</sup>-Er<sup>3&#x002B;</sup> interaction effects and performance evaluation of Erbium Doped Fiber amplifiers (2015)

High quantum efficiency is required with short length of Erbium Doped Fiber (EDF). This is usually achieved by using highly doped fibers. However, the increasing dopant concentrations degrade the performance of the EDFA due to ion-ion interaction effects such as Homogeneous Upconversion (HUC) and Inhomogeneous Upconversion (IUC). In this paper, the performance of EDFA is simulated for different Er <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> doping concentrations. Performance degradation of the EDFA due to HUC/IUC and their combined effects are also studied. Simulation results show that IUC is the dominating factor for the performance degradation of the EDFA.
Autoradiographic Localization of Receptors in Peripheral Tissues (1994)

Autoradiography incorporates the fundamental principles of radioligand binding and photographic techniques. The ideal requisites for a peptide radioligand used in autoradiography are:
End-to-end network slicing enabled through network function virtualization (2017)

Wireless networks have gone through several years of evolution until now and will continue to do so in order to cater for the varying needs of users. These demands are expected to grow in the future, both in size and variability. Hence, the 5G technology considers these variabilities in service demands and potential data explosion which could accompany users' demands at the core of its architecture. To enable 5G mobile handle these foreseen challenges, network slicing [24] is seen as a way forward as its standardization is progressing. In light of the proposed 5G network architecture base on network slicing, it is essential to be able to determine the correct virtual machine (VM) flavours in which to host the right type of network function based on the slice service requirements. In order to determine this, we carried out series of experiments involving the deployment of different VM flavours which may be suitable for different slices.
Power amplifier memory-less pre-distortion for 3GPP LTE application (2009)

A new and simple Power Amplifier (PA) linearization method is proposed and demonstrated using a very high efficiency yet inherently nonlinear inverse class-F PA. This was conducted in the presence of a generic variable envelope RF signal in order to extract its AM-AM and AM-PM characteristics. Deducing the polynomial pre-distortion parameters from the AM-AM and AM-PM characteristic has resulted in the successful linearization of the PA in the presence of 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) signals. The results obtained for the PA - a 12W GaN HEMT inverse Class-F structure designed to operate at 900MHz - demonstrate the proof of concept and the efficiency of the proposed linearization technique with significant advantageous reduction in base-band resources for 3GPP LTE applications.