gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Normalization of the serum angiopoietin-1 to angiopoietin-2 ratio reflects response in refractory/resistant multiple myeloma patients treated with bortezomib (2008)

Neoangiogenesis is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma and angiopoietins possibly contribute to myeloma-induced neovascularization. Bortezomib's antineoplastic potential includes an anti-angiogenic effect. We determined serum levels of angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 with ELISA pre- and post-bortezomib administration in 35 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Pre-bortezomib, serum angiopoietin-1 levels did not differ in patients and in healthy individuals, while serum angiopoietin-2 levels were elevated. Corresponding serum angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2 ratio was reduced in patients compared with controls. After treatment, serum angiopoietin-1 levels increased, while serum angiopoietin-2 levels decreased, therefore the angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2 ratio increased and normalized. This increase was significant in patients who responded to treatment. In conclusion, angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2 ratio normalization reflected response to bortezomib.
Muscle‐strengthening activities and risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and mortality: A review of prospective cohort studies (2021)

The benefits of aerobic moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are well established. However, much less is known whether muscle-strengthening activities (i.e., resistance/weight/strength training) confer similar benefits. Herein, we conducted a narrative literature review and summarized the existing evidence from large prospective cohort studies on muscle strengthening activities and risk of major chronic diseases and mortality in adults generally free of major NCDs at baseline. Current epidemiologic evidence suggests that engagement in muscle-strengthening activities over 1-2 sessions (or approximately 60-150 min) per week was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (seven studies; approximately 20%-25% reduction), type 2 diabetes (four studies; approximately 30% reduction), cancer mortality (four studies; approximately 15%-20% reduction) as well as all-cause mortality (six studies; approximately 20%-25% reduction). For diabetes, the risk appears to lower further with even higher levels of muscle-strengthening activities, but some studies for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality suggest a reversal whereby higher levels (≥2.5 h/week) have less benefit, or are even harmful, relative to lower levels of activity. The likely mechanisms contributing to a benefit include improvement in body composition, lipid profile, insulin resistance and inflammation. The evidence supports engaging in 1-2 sessions (up to 2.5 h) per week, preferably performed complementary to the recommended levels of aerobic MVPA. Although data are limited, caution is suggested for training exceeding 2.5 h per week. Further studies are required to better understand the influence of frequency, duration and intensity of muscle-strengthening activities on major NCDs and mortality in diverse populations.
STRIPS OF VASCULAR TISSUE (1984)

The effect of stem girdling on vessel differentiation was studied in Acer rubrum by cinematographic analysis and by vessel-length distribution measurements. Partial girdling, presumably an obstruction to the flow of auxin, increased the rate of vessel differentiation in the bottleneck area, resulting in numerous small regenerative vessels. The regenerative vessels that were formed along an intact, longitudinal strip of cambium were short and narrow, presumably because of the local high auxin concentration. Numerous short and narrow vessels are a safer water-conducting system than wide and long vessels.
A novel cubic transmitter for multi-directional wireless power transfer (2015)

An effectively designed multi-directional wireless charging system is a highly attractive and economic strategy for simultaneously charging a multiple of devices. An open-ended coupling system with a novel cubic transmitter is presented to arise in receiver applications and achieve a relative high efficiency. The cubic transmitter is driven by a single power source with the same ac current. The energy delivery is transmitted to the receivers through the magnetic resonant coupling in the medium range wireless power transfer mode. The efficiency of the proposed multi-directional wireless power transfer system is almost higher than 50%.
Development and Evaluation of a Small Active Ozone Sampler (1997)

Current methods for monitoring ambient and microenvironmental ozone include continuous measurement instruments, such as UV photometric and chemiluminescence monitors, open-path diffusion optical absorption spectrometer, and passive sampling devices. This paper introduces a new small active ozone sampler that utilizes a single etched glass denuder as the collection substrate. The denuder is coated with a solution containing the nitrite ion that reacts with ozone to produce nitrate. It is attached to a small personal pump driven by a 9-V battery. When compared with UV photometric measurements, the active sampler demonstrated very good accuracy (active sampler/UV photometer = 0.94−1.00) and precision (%P = ±4.1−6.5%) under laboratory and ambient conditions for sampling period from 1 to 60 h. The Harvard active ozone sampler performed as well as the Timed Exposure Diffusion sampler, the only other active ozone sampler currently in use. Sampler performance was found to be insensitive to variations in relative humidity (active sampler/UV photometer ≈ 1.00 at 20−80% RH) except at very low relative humidity (active/UV photometer = 0.81 at 12%). A low limit of detection of 10 ppb·h allows for sampling at very low concentrations.
Illusory biological motion in the periphery (2012)

Recent theoretical computational models suggest that point-light biological motion patterns are recognized on the basis of motion- and/or form-based action templates, but there is debate as to whether these templates are derived from analysis of local spatiotemporal features (Giese & Poggio, 2003) or global body postures (Lange & Lappe, 2006). To investigate this issue behaviorally, we put local and global stimulus features into conflict using a point-light actor with the joints composed of drifting Gabor disks. We imposed joint movements and orientation signals extracted directly from a walker, but set each Gabor element to drift in the direction opposite to its joint movement. The speed of counteracting local (drifting) motion was varied. When presented in the periphery (20 deg) and with sufficient counteracting drifting speed, the walking animation perceptually stands still. If drifting speed is increased further, it remarkably reverses perceived walking direction. In Experiment 2, we show that biological motion perception is possible without changes in global body form. Nine Gabor disks were configured to the shape of a generic body posture and remained stationary throughout the animation sequence. To animate the stimulus, local motion and orientation signals derived from several different actions were introduced to the Gabor disks. When viewed peripherally, observers were very accurate at discriminating the facing direction, walking direction, and the action portrayed (walking, running, marching, dancing) solely on the basis of local spatiotemporal cues. In Experiment 3, we imposed global translation on the action stimulus used in Experiment 2. Observers can readily identify global translation directions and also simultaneously achieve good performance in biological motion tasks. Taken together, these experiments provide compelling evidence that local motion signals provide sufficient information to induce action templates that facilitate recognition of biological motion. Further, in the periphery motion-based analysis dominates when pitted against global body form. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2012
Wstęp (2018)

Zbiór tekstów poświęconych analizie obecnych rozwiązań oraz projektowanych modeli funkcjonowania urzędowej kontroli żywności w Polsce w kontekście prawa administracyjnego, finansowego, rolnego i żywnościowego. Autorzy poruszają kwestie: systemu urzędowej
Radiochromic film dosimetry for verification of dose distributions delivered with proton-beam radiosurgery (1997)

In this work we studied the feasibility of radiochromic film for dosimetry verification of proton Bragg peak stereotactic radiosurgery with multiple beams. High-sensitivity MD-55 radiochromic film was calibrated for proton beam irradiation and the RIT 113 system was employed for film evaluation. Simulated stereotactic radiosurgery with a special phantom arrangement for film dosimetry was performed, following the same procedure as for a patient undergoing treatment. Five-beam irradiation was developed using a 3D treatment planning system. This plan was then delivered to the phantom in a one-day experiment. Planned and measured composite dose distributions were compared. Spatial accuracy of dose delivery to a region containing a simulated critical structure was evaluated for a single portal. Radiochromic film dosimetry validated the prescribed dose delivery within +/- 5%, one standard deviation, by comparing calculated doses with measured values. The alignment of apertures and boluses, as well as the alignment of the phantom with respect to the isocentre, was confirmed. Spatial accuracy of the method would have been able to detect possible misalignments greater than +/- 2 mm. We have demonstrated how radiochromic film dosimetry can be used to measure complex dose distributions in an irradiated phantom, thus enabling us to verify planned dose delivery of proton Bragg peak stereotactic radiosurgery with multiple beams. We assume that the dosimetric agreement between planned and measured dose distributions for the reported simulations will apply to patient treatments.
The Finite-Element Method—Part I (1989)

The concept of the finite-element procedure may be dated back to 1943 when Courant approximated the warping function linearly in each of an assemblage of triangular elements to the St. Venant torsion problem and proceeded to formulate the problem using the principle of minimum potential energy. Similar ideas were used later by several investigators to obtain the approximate solutions to certain boundary-value problems. It was Clough who first introduced the term “finite elements” in the study of plane elasticity problems. The equivalence of this method with the well-known Ritz method was established at a later date, which made it possible to extend the applications to a broad spectrum of problems for which a variational formulation is possible. Since then numerous studies have been reported on the theory and applications of the finite-element method. In this and next chapters the finite-element formulations necessary for the deformation analysis of metal-forming processes are presented. For hot forming processes, heat transfer analysis should also be carried out as well as deformation analysis. Discretization for temperature calculations and coupling of heat transfer and deformation are discussed in Chap. 12. More detailed descriptions of the method in general and the solution techniques can be found in References [3-5], in addition to the books on the finite-element method listed in Chap. 1. The path to the solution of a problem formulated in finite-element form is described in Chap. 1 (Section 1.2). Discretization of a problem consists of the following steps: (1) describing the element, (2) setting up the element equation, and (3) assembling the element equations. Numerical analysis techniques are then applied for obtaining the solution of the global equations. The basis of the element equations and the assembling into global equations is derived in Chap. 5. The solution satisfying eq. (5.20) is obtained from the admissible velocity fields that are constructed by introducing the shape function in such a way that a continuous velocity field over each element can be denned uniquely in terms of velocities of associated nodal points.
Vulvar Discharge Syndrome in Loosely Housed Finnish Pigs: Prevalence and Evaluation of Vaginoscopy, Bacteriology and Cytology (2007)

A total of 21 sow herds were randomly chosen to determine the prevalence of vulvar discharge syndrome (VDS) in loosely housed sows. The median VDS prevalence was low as expected, 0% (range 0-4.5%). Nine of the 655 animals examined (1.4%, 95% CI 0.5-2.3) displayed signs of VDS in 21 non-problem herds. In addition, five VDS problem farms were visited to gather more animals affected with the syndrome in order to estimate which methods of examination are useful. Altogether, 19 VDS animals and 19 healthy controls were found, inspected and sampled. Ten of the VDS animals (53%) and three of the controls (16%) were positive in bacterial culture (p = 0.04) taken with a guarded swab from the anterior vagina. In addition, 94% of VDS animals had a positive vaginoscopic examination result and the corresponding figure in the control sows was 28% (p < 0.0002). Cytological smears were classified as positive in 37% of the case sows and in 5% of the control sows (p = 0.04). Detection of vulvar discharge was associated with vaginoscopic examination findings (p = 0.0005) and with bacteriology (p = 0.04), but not with leucocyte counts (p = 0.07). Susceptibility testing was performed on pure bacterial cultures. Totally, 7 (44%) of 16 isolates were considered to be resistant or showed intermediate susceptibility to at least one of the antimicrobial agents tested (sulpha-trimethoprim and ampicillin). In conclusion, we found vaginoscopy and bacteriology as valid tools in diagnosis of VDS and susceptibility testing of antimicrobial treatments was found to be indicated.
Phenothiazines as lipid peroxidation inhibitors and cytoprotective agents (1992)

A series of phenothiazines was synthesized and evaluated as in vitro inhibitors of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The MIC (minimum tested concentration that gave greater than or equal to 50% inhibition) for 2-(10H-phenothiazin-2-yloxy)-N,N-dimethylethanolamine methanesulfonate (6) was 0.26 microM. Whereas methyl substitution at N-10 diminished activity nearly 100-fold, other structural modifications such as varying the amine group, the distance separating the amine substituent from the phenothiazine nucleus, and the linking group had little effect. Compound 6 was more effective than probucol, a known antioxidant, in blocking Cu2+ catalyzed oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as measured by competitive scavenger receptor mediated degradation of 125I-labeled acetyl-LDL by mouse peritoneal macrophage cells in vitro. At a concentration of 5 microM, compound 6 also protected primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons exposed to hydrogen peroxide (50 microM) when assessed 18 h later by fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide uptake.
Psychological distress among prostate cancer survivors in South Korea: A nationwide population‐based, longitudinal study (2019)

Psychological distress in prostate cancer survivors showed different patterns of prevalence between before and after cancer diagnosis, as well as between age groups. Timely diagnosis and intervention for mental health could promote quality of life for prostate cancer survivors.
Mutagenesis of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase in Nitrosomonas europaea by transformation and recombination (1996)

Mutagenesis of Nitrosomonas europaea was achieved by electroporation and recombination. To demonstrate this, an aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase (kan) gene was specifically inserted into each of the three gene copies of hao individually. Southern hybridizations and PCR analysis showed the incorporation of the kan gene at the chosen genetic loci. The isolation of mutant strains was achieved in 7 to 14 days when the strains were grown on solid medium. The induced mutations were stable even in the absence of kanamycin-selective pressure for periods of up to 45 days in culture. The mutant strains did not show an observable phenotype different from that of the wild type when grown under the same conditions.
Nonlocal origin of response suppression from stimulation outside the classic receptive field in area 17 of the cat (2010)

A stimulus located outside the Classic Receptive Field (CRF) of a striate cortical neuron markedly influences its behavior. To study this phenomenon, we recorded from two cortical sites, control and peripheral, with separate electrodes in cats anesthetized with Propofol and nitrous oxide. The receptive fields of each site were discrete (2–7.3í between centers). A baseline orientation tuning (OT) curve was recorded from a single cell at the control site. The OT curve was then remeasured by stimulating the cell's CRF while simultaneously stimulating the peripheral site with a stimulus optimized for that location. For 23/60 cells, the peripheral stimulus reduced the peak response and/or shifted the center of mass of the OT curve. For 18 of these 23 cells, we then reversibly blocked stimulus-driven activity at the peripheral site by iontophoretic application of GABA (0.5 M). For 6/18 cells (33%), the response returned to control levels, implying that for these cells the inhibitory influence came from the blocked site. The responses of nine cells remained reduced during inactivation of the peripheral site, suggesting that influence was generated outside the region of local block in Area 17. This is consistent with earlier findings that modulatory influences can originate from Area 18. Three cells (17%) had mixed results, suggesting multiple origins of influence. The response of each cell returned to reduced levels after dissipation of the GABA and returned to baseline values when the peripheral stimulus was removed. These findings support a cortical model in which orientation selectivity is modulated by an inhibitory network originating from beyond the receptive field that supplants convergence of excitatory geniculate neurons. The existence of cells that exhibit no change in peripherally inhibited responses during the GABA application suggests that peripheral mechanisms may arise from outside Area 17, presumably from other cortical areas (Area 18.)
[Adjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy with S-1/Oxaliplatin or mFOLFOX6 after Curative Resection of Distant Metastases in Patients with Colorectal Cancer]. (2016)

This study was aimed to assess the feasibility and short-term outcomes of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with either S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX) or mFOLFOX6 (FOLFOX)after curative resection of distant metastases from colorectal cancer. We retrospectively examined 16 patients who underwent R0 resection of colorectal metastases, including the liver (n=6), lung (n=5), lymph node (n=3), and peritoneum (n=2), followed by chemotherapy with SOX (n=7) or FOLFOX (n=9) until disease progression. The mean recurrence-free survival was 13.2 months in the SOX group and 16.9 months in the FOLFOX group. The mean overall survival was 17.9 and 22.9 months, respectively. The number of given courses were 6.5 and 11.0, respectively. Although sensory neuropathy was observed in 38% of the patients, relative dose intensity was higher than 80%. Adjuvant chemotherapy with SOX or FOLFOX was feasible and effective. Further randomized prospective trials are warranted to confirm these results.
Low-Level Copper Plus Chitosan Applications Provide Protection Against Late Blight of Potato (2006)

The organic grower can manage potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, with natural copper compounds such as copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper oxide, or copper hydroxide. However, recent environmental concerns about copper residues by the USDA's National Organic Program indicate a need to control late blight with reduced copper levels. This report describes a strategy for disease control using lower levels of copper sulfate pentahydrate in combination with a chitosan sticker and complexing agent. In excised leaf assays, this combination provided moderate control of late blight and protection against copper-related leaf yellowing at copper levels approximately 40 fold lower than those recommended for a commercial fungicide with copper hydroxide as the active ingredient. Accepted for publication 23 February 2006. Published 6 April 2006.
Towards more effective and equitable genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutaion carriers: Table 1 (2008)

We read with interest the study by Antoniou et al ,1 in which they compared a number of the described methods for assessing the probability that a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation is the cause of a family history of breast or ovarian cancer in 1934 families of non-Ashkenazi Jewish origin. In this study, several methods, particularly the BOADICEA model, showed a high degree of discrimination between families who are mutation positive and negative on current testing. We believe these data fully support the authors conclusion that “More systematic use of these models in clinic… would have the advantage of ensuring equity of access to genetic testing as well as making the management decision making process clearer and more explicit”. In their accompanying commentary, Hopper et al 2 go further and suggest that the accuracy of the best methods, such as BOADICEA, warrant them taking the prime position in the decision-making process when assessing which families should go forward for clinical BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation testing. When it comes to clinical application, however, it appears that the picture revealed by these data is more complex and show that assessments need to occur within a framework of clinical judgement if the resources available for genetic testing are to be converted into the greatest possible health benefits for these families.

In the study by Antoniou et al , the majority of patients who had been tested through a clinical service had …
Autoimmunthyreopathie und Kinderwunschbehandlung - Überlegungen zu einem empirischen Behandlungskonzept (2005)

Es ist bekannt, daß Autoimmunerkrankungen den Erfolg der In vitro-Fertilisation (IVF) negativ beeinflussen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird in zahlreichen Studien auf eine verminderte Schwangerschaftsrate und erhöhte Abortrate bei Nachweis von Schilddrüsenautoantikörpern hingewiesen. Die Autoimmunthyreopathie vom Typ Hashimoto als häufigste Autoimmunthyreopathie geht oft mit latenten oder manifesten Hypothyreosen einher. Möglicherweise können die negativen Folgen der Autoimmunthyreopathie auf die reproduktive Funktion sehr effektiv behandelt werden, wenn die Schilddrüsenerkrankung als Autoimmunerkrankung betrachtet und parallel zur IVF-Behandlung neben einer Schilddrüsenhormongabe auch eine antiphlogistisch-immunsuppressive und antikoagulatorische Behandlung mit Prednisolon und Heparin begonnen wird. Erste Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen, daß durch diese Kombinationsbehandlung der immunologische Infertilitätsfaktor bei der Autoimmunthyreopathie erfolgreich therapiert werden kann. Allerdings ist diese Therapie bisher empirisch und muß gegen die möglichen Nebenwirkungen abgewogen werden. In der Zukunft müssen kontrollierte Studien die Wirksamkeit der medikamentösen Begleitbehandlung bei einer Autoimmunthyreopathie im Rahmen der IVF nachweisen.
Zur Kenntnis der o‐Chinone, XVI. Additionsreaktionen mit 3‐Methoxy‐o‐chinon (1961)

Abstract HCl‐Addition an 3‐Methoxy‐ o ‐chinon und nachfolgende Entmethylierung liefert 5‐Chlor‐pyrogallol, Benzolsulfinsäure‐Addition und anschließende Methylierung führt zum 2.3.4‐Trimethoxy‐diphenylsulfon. Thiophenol wird in 6‐Stellung eingelagert.–An das (nicht faßbare) Intermediärprodukt der Purpurogallinbildung aus Pyrogallol, das 3‐Hydroxy‐ o ‐chinon, wird Benzoisulfinsäure zu 3.4.5‐Trihydroxy‐diphenylsulfon addiert; dessen Permethylierungsprodukt wie auch das 2.3.4‐Trimethoxy‐Isomere werden zum Konstitutionsbeweis auf unabhängigen Wegen synthetisiert.