gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circular Dichroism in the Optical Second-Harmonic Emission of Curved Gold Metal Nanowires (2011)

Here we report the experimental observation of circular dichroism in the second-harmonic field (800-400 nm conversion) generated by self-organized gold nanowire arrays with subwavelength periodicity (160 nm). Such circular dichroism, raised by a nonlinear optical extrinsic chirality, is the evident signature of the sample morphology. It arises from the curvature of the self-assembled wires, producing a lack of symmetry at oblique incidence. The results were compared, both in the optical linear and nonlinear regime, with a reference sample composed of straight wires. Despite the weak extrinsic optical chirality of our samples (not observable by our optical linear measurements), high visibility (more than 50%) was obtained in the second-harmonic generated field.
Zur Addition von Alkanthiolen an Diketen (1980)

Reaktionen von RSH mit Diketen (1) hängen sehr stark von den Bedingungen ab. Die säurekatalysierte Umsetzung von Alkanthiolen mit (1) verläuft wie die Photo- oder Radikalreaktion zum Lacton (2). Aus den bisherigen Befunden konnte dies nicht abgeleitet werden. (2) ergibt mit Alkoholen γ-(Alkylthio)crotonsäureester .
Electrocatalysis of Lithium Polysulfides: Current Collectors as Electrodes in Li/S Battery Configuration (2015)

Lithium Sulfur (Li/S) chemistries are amongst the most promising next-generation battery technologies due to their high theoretical energy density. However, the detrimental effects of their intermediate byproducts, polysulfides (PS), have to be resolved to realize these theoretical performance limits. Confined approaches on using porous carbons to entrap PS have yielded limited success. In this study, we deviate from the prevalent approach by introducing catalysis concept in Li/S battery configuration. Engineered current collectors were found to be catalytically active towards PS, thereby eliminating the need for carbon matrix and their processing obligatory binders, additives and solvents. We reveal substantial enhancement in electrochemical performance and corroborate our findings using a detailed experimental parametric study involving variation of several kinetic parameters such as surface area, temperature, current rate and concentration of PS. The resultant novel battery configuration delivered a discharge capacity of 700 mAh g(-1) with the two dimensional (2D) planar Ni current collectors and an enhancement in the capacity up to 900 mAh g(-1) has been realized using the engineered three dimensional (3D) current collectors. The battery capacity has been tested for stability over 100 cycles of charge-discharge.
Iron- and Cobalt-Catalyzed Alkene Hydrogenation: Catalysis with Both Redox-Active and Strong Field Ligands (2015)

The hydrogenation of alkenes is one of the most impactful reactions catalyzed by homogeneous transition metal complexes finding application in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and commodity chemical industries. For decades, catalyst technology has relied on precious metal catalysts supported by strong field ligands to enable highly predictable two-electron redox chemistry that constitutes key bond breaking and forming steps during turnover. Alternative catalysts based on earth abundant transition metals such as iron and cobalt not only offer potential environmental and economic advantages but also provide an opportunity to explore catalysis in a new chemical space. The kinetically and thermodynamically accessible oxidation and spin states may enable new mechanistic pathways, unique substrate scope, or altogether new reactivity. This Account describes my group's efforts over the past decade to develop iron and cobalt catalysts for alkene hydrogenation. Particular emphasis is devoted to the interplay of the electronic structure of the base metal compounds and their catalytic performance. First generation, aryl-substituted pyridine(diimine) iron dinitrogen catalysts exhibited high turnover frequencies at low catalyst loadings and hydrogen pressures for the hydrogenation of unactivated terminal and disubstituted alkenes. Exploration of structure-reactivity relationships established smaller aryl substituents and more electron donating ligands resulted in improved performance. Second generation iron and cobalt catalysts where the imine donors were replaced by N-heterocyclic carbenes resulted in dramatically improved activity and enabled hydrogenation of more challenging unactivated, tri- and tetrasubstituted alkenes. Optimized cobalt catalysts have been discovered that are among the most active homogeneous hydrogenation catalysts known. Synthesis of enantiopure, C1 symmetric pyridine(diimine) cobalt complexes have enabled rare examples of highly enantioselective hydrogenation of a family of substituted styrene derivatives. Because improved hydrogenation performance was observed with more electron rich supporting ligands, phosphine cobalt(II) dialkyl complexes were synthesized and found to be active for the diastereoselective hydrogenation of various substituted alkenes. Notably, this class of catalysts was activated by hydroxyl functionality, representing a significant advance in the functional group tolerance of base metal hydrogenation catalysts. Through collaboration with Merck, enantioselective variants of these catalysts were discovered by high throughput experimentation. Catalysts for the hydrogenation of functionalized and essentially unfunctionalized alkenes have been discovered using this approach. Development of reliable, readily accessible cobalt precursors facilitated catalyst discovery and may, along with lessons learned from electronic structure studies, provide fundamental design principles for catalysis with earth abundant transition metals beyond alkene hydrogenation.
A Single RF MIMO Loading Network for High-Order Modulation Schemes (2014)

Recently, a novel MIMO transmitter architecture has been introduced that requires only a single radio-frequency (RF) chain and is built on parasitic antenna arrays. MIMO transmission in this case is achieved by shaping directly the radiation pattern with the aid of analog tunable loads attached to the parasitics. As it has been shown, such a single RF MIMO system can support all PSK modulation formats with purely imaginary loading values. This paper extends its capabilities and proposes a novel architecture for parasitic antennas that is able to provide complex loading values, even with a negative real part. Definitely, this will extend the flexibility of parasitic antennas to multiplex successfully over the air more complex signaling formats, for example, QAM signals. The bit error rate evaluation shows that the proposed architecture could be very promising in emerging devices and also illustrates its robustness under possible loading perturbations that might have been raised due to nonidealities in the design.
Status and direction of map database standards efforts in North America (1993)

The two major North American initiatives in digital map database standards: the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Truth-in-Labeling standard effort and the Spatial Data Transfer Standard, are discussed. The purpose of the Truth-in-Labeling standard is to define consistent terminology, metrics, and tests for describing the content and quality of street map databases for vehicle applications. The SDTS is an open and general standard for the exchange of spatial data. Profiles are used to specialize SDTS for particular application areas or types of data.
The specification of orientation and its development in polymer processing (1983)

Abstract A critical review of the specification of orientation and its development in polymer‐processing operations is presented. Orientation may in general be specified by orientation distribution functions, but is most conveniently expressed in terms of orientation factors which are second moments of the distribution. The Hermans orientation factor represents polymer‐chain orientation for systems with fiber symmetry (uniaxial orientation) and the Hermans‐Stein orientation factors express uniaxial orientation for each of the crystallographic axes of crystalline polymers. Biaxial orientation is, however, developed in tubular film extrusion, blowmolding and, indeed, all processing operations other than fiber formation. Orientation factors developed previously by the authors express biaxial orientation in terms of the angles between the machine and transverse directions and the polymer chain axis or crystallographic axes. In flowing polymer melts, the Rheo‐Optical Law, which relates birefringence and stress, represents a relationship between polymer‐chain orientation and stress. In vitrified polymeric glasses (e.g. polystyrene), the orientation factors are related linearly to the stress field at vitrification. This has been shown experimentally for melt spinning and tubular film extrusion. The results of studies of blowmolding and injection molding are consistent with this. The crystalline orientation factors have also been found to be determined by the stress field at solidification in melt spinning and tubular film extrusion.
"Agrobacterium yellow group" and Pseudomonas paucimobilis causing peritonitis in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. (1985)

Five cases of peritonitis occurred during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in which unusual yellow pigmented Gram negative bacteria were isolated in pure culture. Four of these isolates were identified as the so called "Agrobacterium yellow group." The remaining isolate was identified as Pseudomonas paucimobilis, an organism closely related to the Agrobacterium yellow group.
2008 USDA-CSREES National Water Conference Sparks, NV Coordinated Management of Water Quality Protection and Food Safety Practices in Cool Season Vegetable Production (2008)

Text: Efforts to exclude human pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7 from farms growing irrigated lettuce and leafy vegetables on California's Central Coast are conflicting with traditionally accepted strategies to protect surface water quality. Co-managing food safety and water quality requires reliable information on the impact of crop management and water quality practices on pathogen transport and survival. In the face of uncertainty many produce buyers have adopted private standards, delivered through suppliers of third party certification services in addition to recently intensified industry guidelines. This session seeks to facilitate national discussion of these emerging issues.
Plasma cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate response to isoproterenol and glucagon in hyperkinetic borderline (labile) hypertension. (1976)

The hemodynamic changes observed in patients with the "hyperkinetic" form of borderline (labile) essential hypertension (BEH) could be related to the hyperresponsiveness of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors to catecholamines. The isoproterenol-induced increase in plasma cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) reflects the response of adenylate cyclase to beta-adrenergic stimulation, whereas a non-beta-receptor-mediated increase occurs with the administration of glucagon. Both substances were infused into 13 control subjects and 14 patients with the hyperkinetic form of BEH before and after propranolol administration. Baseline plasma cAMP concentrations were comparable in both groups. After 30 minutes of isoproterenol infusion (20 ng/kg per min) a significantly higher increase in plasma cAMP and heart rate and a smaller decrease in diastolic blood pressure were seen in this type of BEH than in control subjects. The increase in plasma cAMP and in heart rate correlated positively when all subjects were considered together. Propranolol abolished hemodynamic and humoral responses to a similar degree in both groups. The plasma cAMP responses to glucagon (200 ng/kg per min) were slightly lower in our patients with BEH than in control subjects and were not suppressed by propranolol. The data are compatible with a hyperreactivity of the beta-adrenergic receptors or of the adenylate cyclase or both in hyperkinetic BEH and could correspond to the previously observed exaggerated beta-adrenergic drive to the heart in this type of hypertension. The non-beta-receptor-mediated rise in plasma cAMP (glucagon), however, remains comparable in control subjects and BEH.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Immunostimulatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subpopulations Can Predict Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure S5 from Immunostimulatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subpopulations Can Predict Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer
Mineralogy and its contribution to anisotropy and kerogen stiffness variations with maturity in the Bakken Shales (2010)

Mineralogy of eleven Bakken shale samples with varying thermal maturities were studied as a function of their contribution to anisotropy and kerogen stiffness variations between the shales. It was found that anisotropy increased with increasing clay content and that kerogen stiffness increased with maturity. The understanding of the controls on anisotropy and stiffness of the soft components (kerogens and clays) of organic‐rich shales is important in developing methods for indirect and in‐situ detection of maturity.
An Immunosensor Based on the Glucose Oxidase Label and Optical Oxygen Detection (1999)

A novel optical immunosensor setup is described which uses glucose oxidase enzyme as a label in conjunction with a luminescence lifetime-based oxygen sensor and phase measurements. The oxygen sensor membranes prepared on microporous filters were used as a solid phase on which the immunoassay was carried out. These sensing materials in combination with a new measurement setup provided high sensitivity for the detection of oxidase enzymes, being at nanogram per milliliter level, i.e., 10(-11)-10(-12) M, with respect to glucose oxidase and its conjugates. Experimental data on the sensitivity were validated using theoretical equations and calculations. Using the new measurement setup and IgG-anti-IgG as a model, a number of different sensing materials were studied aimed to optimize the immunosensor and evaluate its performance. This approach was then applied to a practical system for the detection of human lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. It provided similar sensitivity of approximately 1 ng/mL, which is comparable to that of standard ELISA. The attributes of the new immunosensor approach are discussed with respect to performance and versitility.
A 1-1-1-1 MASH Delta-Sigma Modulator With Dynamic Comparator-Based OTAs (2012)

A dynamic comparator-based OTA is introduced as a replacement for a conventional OTA. It performs charge transfer in a switched-capacitor circuit by repeatedly evaluating the polarity of the differential input using a dynamic clocked comparator and injecting current pulses at the output to move the input voltage toward zero. The amplitude of the current pulse is reduced each time the input voltage crosses zero to provide fast but accurate settling of the output voltage. Dynamic comparator-based OTAs are applied to the design of a 1-1-1-1 MASH delta-sigma modulator. The 65-nm CMOS prototype achieves a 70.4 dB peak SNDR over a 2.5-MHz bandwidth while consuming 3.73 mW from a 1.2-V supply. The 276-fJ/conv-step FoM represents a four times improvement over previously-reported delta-sigma modulators using zero-crossing-based circuits or comparator-based switched capacitors. Because of the dynamic operation of the OTAs and discrete-time delta-sigma modulator architecture, both bandwidth and power consumption linearly scale with the sampling frequency without any reconfiguration of the modulator.
NMR detection of N-acyliminium ion intermediates generated from .alpha.-alkoxycarbamates (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR detection of N-acyliminium ion intermediates generated from .alpha.-alkoxycarbamatesYoshinori Yamamoto, Tomohisa Nakada, and Hisao NemotoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1, 121–125Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00027a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views583Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (591 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Quantitative Features of the Choriocapillaris in Healthy Individuals Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (2017)

Quantitative metrics can be obtained from CC OCTA en face images. These values show moderate to good intersession repeatability. These normative data may be of value as a reference of comparison in future studies of eyes with disease. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017;48:623-631.].
Selenium’s Effects on MMP-2 and TIMP-1 Secretion by Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells (2004)

Selenium-induced changes in MMP-2/TIMP-1 secretion may alter the balance of extracellular matrix turnover in the conventional outflow pathway and cause an increase in intraocular pressure that eventually leads to glaucoma.
Research on UHF Sensor for Partial Discharge Spatial Location in Substation (2013)

The basic principle of printed ellipse monopole antenna is discussed. A UHF sensor used for the spatial location of the partial discharge(PD) in substation is designed. With an elliptic microstrip patch structure, the sensor can effectively meet the PD detection requirements because of its advantages of omni-direction, broadband, high sensitivity, low standing wave ratio and good consistency in group delay. The UHF sensors array consisting of multiple sensors is able to undertake spatial location of PD. The spatial detection and location performance of the sensor are verified at the PDexperimental platform in a lab, and the sensors array consisting of such sensor is used for continuous monitoring of PD in the substation field. Laboratory experiment and field application results show that the sensor is able to satisfy requirements in spatial location of PD in substation effective
STAT5 Signaling Is Associated with the Outcome of Follicular and Mantle Cell Lymphoma Patients Treated with Immunochemotherapy. (2007)

Abstract Addition of rituximab (R) to chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy) has significantly improved the outcome of B-cell lymphoma patients. However, responses are still unpredictable due to heterogeneous nature of these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine if differences in gene expression in follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) tissue correlate with outcome in response to immunochemotherapy. 24 FL and 15 MCL patients were classified into complete (CR) or other responders after immunochemotherapy, and genes capable of separating the groups were identified using oligonucleotide-based microarray and supervised learning technique. One of the transcripts associated with increased CR rates in FL was signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a (STAT5a), a transcription factor and a mediator of cellular responses after cytokine stimulation. According to Kaplan Meier estimates, high STAT5a mRNA levels were associated with better progression free survival (PFS). Immunohistochemical analyses of FL samples demonstrated that predominant STAT5a activity localized to resident T-lymphocytes but only 20% of the samples were STAT5a positive. In a validation set of 79 FL patients, a better PFS was observed among patients with high STAT5a protein expression. In contrast, high STAT5a mRNA and protein levels were associated with poor outcome in MCL patients. In the MCL tissue, STAT5a expression localized to nonmalignant T-lymphocytes but also to tumor cells. In comparison to FL, T-lymphocytes were more uniformly positive for STAT5a. In sum, the data show that nonmalignant tumor cells have a profound prognostic impact both in FL and MCL, but also suggest that depending on the lymphoma subtype, the activity of a certain signaling pathway can have either positive or negative consequences on the survival of immunochemotherapy-treated lymphoma patients.
Laser Induced Damage in Solids (1973)

Processes that can produce optical damage in transparent insulators are studied in the present work. A general discussion is given of laser induced damage which distinguishes between breakdown from intrinsic processes and damage from absorbing contaminants called inclusions. New and previously published techniques for identifying damage from inclusions are discussed and applied. A detailed summary of self-focusing theory is given. A series of controlled experiments are described which represent the first unambiguous measurements of an intrinsic damage mechanism at near-infrared and visible frequencies. Finally, a summary of avalanche breakdown theories is presented, and the implications of the experimental data for avalanche theory are discussed.