gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hot electron and DX center insensitivity of Al/sub 0.25/Ga/sub 0.75/As/GaAs HFET's designed for microwave power applications (1998)

We show in this work that, although designing Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As/GaAs HFET's for microwave power applications requires a large barrier layer bandgap (hence x>0.2), the presence of a large concentration of electrically active DX centers in the barrier layer does not hinder the device reliability. The existence of a remarkable quantity of DX centers in the Al/sub 0.25/Ga/sub 0.75/As barrier layer is for the first time revealed by means of room temperature electroluminescence, and their concentration is evaluated by measuring the threshold voltage shift induced by hot electron stress at cryogenic temperatures.
IBS Patients' Willingness to Take Risks With Medications (2012)

IBS patients are willing to take significant medication risks to cure their symptoms. To counsel patients effectively, physicians must determine and understand IBS patients' risk aversion.
Collaborating with indigenous citizen scientists towards sustainable coral reef management in a changing world (2017)

Museums such as the Field Museum in Chicago, the California Academy of Sciences, and the Smithsonian Institution have involved citizens in their scientific endeavors, including the use of photographs, notes, and even specimens. In our experience, the recovery and re-application of traditional ecological knowledgefor management and conservation, combined with citizen science, can be a powerful approach. Collaborative approaches to conservation planning and program implementation are the standard among many agencies and organizations facilitating ecosystem and resource protection and management. While many global conservation and management strategies are producing good results, some are leading to social challenges and cultural clashes, suggesting that locally driven approaches, especially in autonomously governed regions, may be the most effective strategy. Indigenous people can benefit in significant ways from conventional science, especially during this time of rapid environmental change where their familiar ecological context may be shifting.
Adjuvant hypofractionated partial-brain radiation therapy for pediatric Ewing sarcoma brain metastases: case report (2015)

This case report demonstrates that hypofractionated partial-brain radiation therapy with limited margins is a reasonable approach following gross tumor resection of Ewing sarcoma metastases to the brain. The patient presented with 2 intracranial metastases treated with gross-total resection followed by radiation therapy to 30 Gy in 5 fractions. The patient experienced symptomatic treatment-related inflammatory changes with resolution after receiving dexamethasone. He remains alive at 21 months of follow-up with no evidence of disease.
Why the Low Success Rate of Research Dedicated To New Technologies? Tolstoy May Have Had the Answer (1995)

The view of American industrial research from the perspective of the general public, the practicing scientist as professor or teacher or university researcher is very fuzzy. But in general it may be perceived as quite successful. Quite the contrary, as the recent wholesale cuts in industrial research have shown, the track record of communicating discoveries into technologies, the cost efficiency is dismal. The problem is that the cost efficiency of research based on the average cost per project tells nothing about the enormous differences in the success rate that exist among various laboratories. Based on the experiences of one laboratory, some general observations are made about the multiplicity of factors that can cause a development effort to fail and suggestions are made how the research efficiency could be improved.
cKIT cells in human bronchial epithelium in asthma (2018)

<b>Background:</b> cKIT<sup>+</sup> cells isolated from human lungs showed stem cell features. Hence, resident progenitor cells (cKIT<sup>+</sup>) may be involved in the abnormal repairing processes occurring in asthma. Our aim was to characterize cKIT<sup>+</sup> population in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) from healthy donors or asthma patients. <b>Methods:</b> HBEC from healthy subjects (H), mild asthma (MA), and severe asthma (SA) patients were cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) until fully differentiation (28 days). cKIT mRNA levels were quantified by PCR, cKIT protein was assessed by immunofluorescence (IF), and cKIT<sup>+</sup>/CD326<sup>+</sup> cells were sorted by FACS and used for ALI cultures. Co-localization was assessed by IF (MUC5AC: goblet cells, β-tubulin: ciliated cells, Ki67: proliferative cells). <b>Results:</b> Differential profiles of cKIT mRNA expression during epithelial differentiation [day (D) 0, D7, D14, D21] were observed among the studied groups. At day 28 of ALI, cKIT mRNA expression was significantly increased in HBEC-MA [Median (25th-75th percentiles) = 22.2 (8.0-75.9)] and HBEC-SA [15.1 (7.8-30.2)] compared to HBEC-H [4.7 (1.3-7.1)]. cKIT<sup>+</sup> cells presented a particular cellular shape, with multiple dendrite-like projections and had proliferative capacity (Ki67 co-localization). cKIT did not co-localize with differentiated cell markers (MUC5AC, β-tubulin). Bronchial epithelial cKIT<sup>+</sup> sorted cells were able to generate a differentiated epithelium when cultured in an ALI culture system while cKIT<sup>-</sup> cells were not. <b>Conclusions:</b> Putative progenitor cells (cKIT<sup>+</sup> cells) with proliferative and differentiation capacities exist in ALI cultures of human bronchial epithelium. This population seems to be abnormally represented in asthmatic patients.
Densities and Viscosities of MTBE + Heptane or Octane at p = 0.1 MPa from (273.15 to 363.15) K (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTDensities and Viscosities of MTBE + Heptane or Octane at p = 0.1 MPa from (273.15 to 363.15) KDiana C. Landaverde-Cortes, Alejandro Estrada-Baltazar, Gustavo A. Iglesias-Silva, and Kenneth R. HallCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 2008, 53, 1, 326Publication Date (Web):October 25, 2007Publication History Published online25 October 2007Published inissue 1 January 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je700555shttps://doi.org/10.1021/je700555scorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (26 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Physical and chemical properties,Viscosity Get e-Alerts
A novel method for three-dimensional alignment measurement of total knee arthroplasty from multiple X-ray images (2011)

Poster: ECR 2011 / C-1607 / A novel method for three-dimensional alignment measurement of total knee arthroplasty from multiple X-ray images by: Yamazaki, M. Tamaki, K. Futai, T. Tomita, H. Yoshikawa, K. Sugamoto; Osaka/JP
Novel D3 dopamine receptor‐preferring agonist D‐264: Evidence of neuroprotective property in Parkinson's disease animal models induced by 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine and lactacystin (2010)

Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder, is known to be caused by diverse pathological conditions resulting from dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), mitochondria, and oxidative stress leading to preferential nigral dopamine (DA) neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra. In the present study, we evaluated the novel D3 receptor-preferring agonist D-264 in a mouse model of PD to evaluate its neuroprotective properties against both the nigrostriatal dopaminergic toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)- and the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin-induced dopaminergic degeneration. C57BL/6 male mice either were given MPTP by intraperitoneal injection twice per day for 2 successive days at a dose 20 mg/kg or were microinjected with lactacystin bilaterally (1.25 microg/side) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Pretreatment with D-264 (1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, once per day), started 7 days before administration of MPTP or lactacystin. We found that D-264 significantly improved behavioral performance, attenuated both MPTP- and lactacystin-induced DA neuron loss, and blocked proteasomal inhibition and microglial activation in the substantia nigra (SN). Furthermore, D-264 treatment was shown to increase the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived factor (GDNF) in MPTP- and lactacystin-treated mice, possibly indicating, at least in part, the mechanism of neuroprotection by D-264. Furthermore, pretreatment with the D3 receptor antagonist U99194 significantly altered the effect of neuroprotection conferred by D-264. Collectively, our study demonstrates that D-264 can prevent neurodegeneration induced by the selective neurotoxin MPTP and the UPS inhibitor lactacystin. The results indicate that D-264 could potentially serve as a symptomatic and neuroprotective treatment agent for PD.
A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Framework with Recurrent Communication Module for Traffic Light Control (2021)

As a significant issue in the development of Smart City, traffic light control is closely related to public transport. Multi-agent reinforcement learning is a feasible paradigm to control decentralized systems. In this work, we design a recurrent communication module for traffic light control systems. Aiming at lightweight decentralized learning, we decouple the interaction among entities, using an improved recurrent neural network to share messages. Regarding traffic lights as a partially observable Markov Decision Process, we develop a complete reinforcement learning model. Every light receives messages from its neighbors through the improved recurrent neural network. For the further lights, its neighbor lights can play the role of intermediation to transmit messages. By our communication framework, traffic lights can learn their control policies in a decentralized way, and distribution control can be executed through a communication channel. Several simulated experiments show that our method outperforms the fixed time method and the existing reinforcement learning-based frameworks under different traffic demands.
Drug product distribution systems and departmental operations (1991)

Technologies affecting institutional pharmacy practice and the operation of pharmacy departments are reviewed, future developments are outlined, and implications of these developments for pharmacy education are proposed. Computer technology, especially as applied to areas such as artificial intelligence, online information databases, electronic bulletin boards, hospital information systems, and point-of-care systems, will have a strong impact on pharmacy practice and management in the 1990s. Other areas in which growth is likely to be active include bar-code technology, robotics, and automated drug dispensing. The applications of these technologies are described, with particular attention placed on the effects of increased automation on the drug-dispensing function. Technological advances may effect marked reductions in dispensing and medication errors; questions concerning the cost-effectiveness of these new systems remain to be answered. These advances also create new opportunities for clinical involvement by pharmacists; however, a fundamental understanding of computer systems is essential. Current practitioners can benefit from attending seminars, participating in users' groups, and keeping current with the computer literature. Many students now acquire the needed skills in computer laboratories and in the classroom. Technological advances will offer the opportunity for pharmacists to expand their clinical role.
Efficacy and safety assessment of an ultrasound-based thermal treatment of varicose veins in a sheep model (2020)

<b>Purpose:</b> Varicose veins are a common pathology that can be treated by endovenous thermal procedures like radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Such catheter-based techniques consist in raising the temperature of the vein wall to 70 to 120 °C to induce vein wall coagulation. Although effective, this treatment option is not suited for all types of veins and can be technically challenging.<b>Materials and methods:</b> In this study, we used High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) as a non-invasive thermal ablation procedure to treat varicose veins and we assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of the procedure in a sheep model. <i>In vivo</i> experiments were first conducted on two saphenous veins to measure the temperature rise induced at the vein wall during HIFU ablation and were compared with reported RFA-induced thermal rise. Thermocouples were inserted <i>in situ</i> to perform 20 measurements during 8-s ultrasound pulses at 3 MHz. Eighteen saphenous veins of nine anesthetized sheep (2-2.5 % Isoflurane) were then exposed to similar pulses (85 W acoustic, 8 s). After treatments, animals recovered from anesthesia and were followed up 30, 60 and 90 days post-treatment (<i>n</i> = 3 animals per group). At the end of the follow-up, vein segments and perivenous tissues were harvested and histologically examined.<b>Results:</b> Temperatures induced by HIFU pulses were found to be comparable to reported RFA treatments. Likewise, histological findings were similar to the ones reported after RFA and laser-based coagulation necrosis of the vein wall, thrombotic occlusions and vein wall fibrosis.<b>Conclusion:</b> These results support strongly the effectiveness and safety of HIFU for ablating non-invasively veins.
Resolving multiple propagation paths in time of flight range cameras using direct and global separation methods (2015)

Time of flight (ToF) range cameras illuminate the scene with an amplitude-modulated continuous wave light source and measure the returning modulation envelopes: phase and amplitude. The phase change of the modulation envelope encodes the distance travelled. This technology suffers from measurement errors caused by multiple propagation paths from the light source to the receiving pixel. The multiple paths can be represented as the summation of a direct return, which is the return from the shortest path length, and a global return, which includes all other returns. We develop the use of a sinusoidal pattern from which a closed form solution for the direct and global returns can be computed in nine frames with the constraint that the global return is a spatially lower frequency than the illuminated pattern. In a demonstration on a scene constructed to have strong multipath interference, we find the direct return is not significantly different from the ground truth in 33/136 pixels tested; where for the full-field measurement, it is significantly different for every pixel tested. The variance in the estimated direct phase and amplitude increases by a factor of eight compared with the standard time of flight range camera technique.
Proteomic study of the sophorolipid producer Starmerella bombicola (2013)

This thesis was performed in the framework of two research projects, i.e. the IWT-SBO 'BIOSURF' project and the European FP7-project ‘BIOSURFING’. These two projects aimed to create a platform for producing new-to-nature biosurfactants using the fungus Starmerella bombicola as host organism. This strain was selected because it naturally produces high amounts of a type of biosurfactants termed sophorolipids (SL). To have full control over SL production in an industrial setting, the biochemistry underlying SL-biosynthesis needs to be completely understood. Therefore, those projects applied a multidisciplinary approach, combining molecular biology, transcriptomics and proteomics. The proteomic experiments conducted in this framework form the subject of this doctoral thesis and in the following chapters the results of different experimental setups are described.
A Discriminative Graph-Based Parser for the Abstract Meaning Representation (2014)

Meaning Representation (AMR) is a semantic formalism for which a growing set of annotated examples is available. We introduce the first approach to parse sentences into this representation, providing a strong baseline for future improvement. The method is based on a novel algorithm for finding a maximum spanning, connected subgraph, embedded within a Lagrangian relaxation of an optimization problem that imposes linguistically inspired constraints. Our approach is described in the general framework of structured prediction, allowing future incorporation of additional features and constraints, and may extend to other formalisms as well. Our open-source system, JAMR, is available at:
The epithelial cell-specific integrin, CD103 (alpha E integrin), defines a novel subset of alloreactive CD8+ CTL (1997)

The interaction of CD8+CTL with epithelial layers is an important but poorly defined aspect of organ allograft rejection. We herein report that CD103 (formerly alpha E integrin), a known receptor for the epithelial cell-specific ligand E-cadherin, is expressed by a major subset of CD8 + CTL elicited in response to allogeneic renal epithelial cells (REC). In contrast, CD103 was expressed poorly on CD8 + CTL generated in the conventional manner by stimulation with allogeneic leukocytes, although expression could be dramatically up-regulated by supplementing cultures with REC or exogenous TGF-beta 1. That TGF-beta controls the expression of CD103 on CD8+ CTL was further supported by the capacity of anti-TGF-beta mAb to block the generation of such cells in anti-REC cultures. Clonal analyses of anti-REC cultures revealed that individual CD8+ CTL clones were discretely CD103+ or CD103-, nd maintained their respective phenotypes independently of the cell type used for clonal restimulation. In a mouse model of graft-vs-host disease, 16.4 +/- 2.7% of CD8 cells that infiltrated host kidneys were CD103+ (n = 4). CD8 kidney-infiltrating lymphocytes were predominantly of donor origin and displayed an activated/memory phenotype (CD62L-, CD44high), consistent with expression of CD103 on a CD8 effector subset elicited in vivo following allogeneic transplantation. Taken together, the present data demonstrate that CD103 identifies a novel CD8 effector subset and, moreover, that such cells may comprise a significant component of the response to allogeneic tissues. The potential for CD103+ CTL as an important effector mechanism in organ allograft rejection, and more generally, as a mechanistic basis for tissue-specific immune phenomena, is discussed.
Phenotypic changes induced by expression of β-galactoside α2,6 sialyltransferase I in the human colon cancer cell line SW948 (2005)

Beta-galactoside alpha2,6 sialyltransferase (ST6Gal.I), the enzyme which adds sialic acid in alpha2,6-linkage on lactosaminic termini of glycoproteins, is frequently overexpressed in cancer, but its relationship with malignancy remains unclear. In this study, we have investigated the phenotypic changes induced by the expression of alpha2,6-sialylated lactosaminic chains in the human colon cancer cell line SW948 which was originally devoid of ST6Gal.I. Clones derived from transfection with the ST6Gal.I cDNA were compared with untransfected cells and mock transfectants. The ST6Gal.I-expressing clones show (1) increased adherence to fibronectin and collagen IV but not to hyaluronic acid. Treatment with Clostridium perfrigens neuraminidase reduces the binding to fibronectin and collagen IV of ST6Gal.I-expressing cells but not that of ST6Gal.I-negative cells; (2) accumulation and more focal distribution of beta1 integrins on the cell surface; (3) different distribution of actin fibers; (4) flatter morphology and reduced tendency to multilayer growth; (5) improved ability to heal a scratch wound; (6) reduced ability to grow at the subcutaneous site of injection in nude mice. Our data suggest that the presence of alpha2,6-linked sialic acid on membrane glycoconjugates increases the binding to extracellular matrix components, resulting in a membrane stabilization of beta1 integrins, further strengthening the binding. This mechanism can provide a basis for the flatter morphology and the reduced tendency to multilayer growth, resulting in a more ordered tissue organization. These data indicate that in the cell line SW948, the effect of ST6Gal.I expression is consistent with the attenuation of the neoplastic phenotype.
2D IR spectroscopy at 100 kHz utilizing a Mid-IR OPCPA laser source (2016)

We present a 100 kHz 2D IR spectrometer. The system utilizes a ytterbium all normal dispersion fiber oscillator as a common source for the pump and seed beams of a MgO:PPLN OPCPA. The 1030 nm OPCPA pump is generated by amplification of the oscillator in cryocooled Yb:YAG amplifiers, while the 1.68 μm seed is generated in a OPO pumped by the oscillator. The OPCPA outputs are used in a ZGP DFG stage to generate 4.65 μm pulses. A mid-IR pulse shaper delivers pulse pairs to a 2D IR spectrometer allowing for data collection at 100 kHz.
Resynchronization and remultiplexing for transcoding to H.264/AVC (2006)

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC standard appears highly competitive due to its high efficiency, flexibility and error resilience. In order to maintain universal multimedia access, statistical multiplexing, or adaptive video content delivery, etc., it induces an immense demand for converting a large volume of existing multimedia content from other formats into the H.264/AVC format and vice versa. In this work, we study the remultiplexing and resynchronization issue within system coding after transcoding, aiming to sustain the management and time information destroyed in transcoding and enable synchronized decoding of decoder buffers over a wide range of retrieval or receipt conditions. Given the common intention of multiplexing and synchronization mechanism in system coding of different standards, this paper takes the most widely used MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) as an example, and presents a software system and the key technologies to solve the time stamp mapping and relevant buffer management. The solution reuses previous information contained in the input streams to remultiplex and resynchronize the output information with the regulatory coding and composition structure. Experimental results showed that our solutions efficiently preserve the performance in multimedia presentation.