gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Film Coating Process in a Novel Rotating Fluidized Bed (2006)

In this study, numerical simulation of film coating process in a novel rotating fluidized bed (RFB) was conducted by using a Discrete Element Method (DEM)–Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) coupling model. Particle movements and fluid motions in a centrifugal force field were simulated at three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate, and this model was applied to film coating process. Film coating process in a RFB was numerically analyzed by using a simplified assumption that a particle was coated only when a particle existed within a spray zone. The experiments were also conducted and uniformity of sprayed material was evaluated by investigating color difference of the coated particles. As a result of the numerical simulation, three-dimensional bubble movements and particle circulation could be well simulated. In addition, mass of the sprayed material on a single particle in a RFB could be visualized by using our proposed model. The relationship between distribution of the sprayed material and the coating time was also analyzed. Calculated mass distributions of the sprayed material could be expressed by a normal distribution function, showing qualitative good agreement with the previous studies. Effect of the operating parameters, such as gas velocity and centrifugal acceleration, on the uniformity of the sprayed material was also investigated by both numerical and experimental approaches. Comparison of the coating process in a RFB with that in a conventional fluidized bed was also conducted by the numerical simulation. The result showed that uniformity of the sprayed material was greatly improved in a RFB due to the much smaller circulation time.
Application Research on Method for Data Format Transformation on Road Informationization of Jilin City Based on SuperMap (2009)

The Approach to transfer data format from CAD to GIS is researched. The method based on SuperMap, which is considered better by being analyzed the data format transformation method based ArcGIS, FME, GEOWAY and SuperMap, can maintain the geometric element integrality, support adding the attribute data of GIS, and support the data format of China GIS software. The method for data format transformation from CAD to GIS based on SuperMap is studied, while the study object is the CAD data of transport infrastructure provided from Jilin City. The application result shows that the method for data format transformation from CAD to GIS based on SuperMap can realize the data format transformation work better, such as the transformation of geometric elements, coordinate system conversion, layer alignment, layer topology processing and layer label.
Pre-calculated protein structure alignments at the RCSB PDB website (2010)

andreas@sdsc.edu; pbourne@ucsd.edu.
Optimum Bias Calculation for Parallel Hybrid Switching-Linear Regulators (2007)

This paper presents an analysis of the bias constraints for switching and linear voltage regulators operated in a parallel-hybrid configuration. Particular emphasis is given to polar and envelope-tracking RF power amplifier (PA) applications requiring wideband dynamic voltage regulation. Ideal expressions are derived for the optimum current contribution of the switching regulator under quasi-static operating conditions. In contrast to previous work, it is shown that the optimum mean current contribution of the switching regulator is not necessarily the DC current to the load, but is a function of the DC and dynamic characteristics of the regulated output voltage. Theoretical maximum efficiency is derived for envelope waveforms that result from two-tone and sinusoidal amplitude modulation of the RF carrier.
The Effect of Nonlinear Density Stratification on the Stability of a Vertical Water Layer in the Conduction Regime (1983)

The thermal stability of a layer of water between two vertical parallel plates maintained at different temperatures, T1 and T2, is investigated for the conduction regime. Three cases are considered include where: (a) the maximum density layer is within the water region; (b) is at the boundary; and (c) is outside the water region. Cubic polynomials are used to represent the density-temperature relation in the temperature range 0–55°C. The numerical results show that the critical states of stability do not depend on Prandtl number but instead depends on the combinations of T1 and T2. Of the three cases considered, the first case is the most unstable. In all three cases, the instabilities set in as a traveling wave, moving against gravity, for most T1 and T2 combinations. Stationary waves were also found for case (c).
Physically-based deformable image registration with material property and boundary condition estimation (2010)

We propose a new deformable medical image registration method that uses a physically-based simulator and an iterative optimizer to estimate the simulation parameters determining the deformation field between the two images. Although a simulation-based registration method can enforce physical constraints exactly and considers different material properties, it requires hand adjustment of material properties, and boundary conditions cannot be acquired directly from the images. We treat the material properties and boundary conditions as parameters for the optimizer, and integrate the physically-based simulation into the optimization loop to generate a physically accurate deformation automatically.
OAC Musca soybean (1991)

OAC Musca is a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar which is 3 d earlier than Hodgson and 2% higher in yield in Ontario trials. It has exhibited low field losses to Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea in Ontario testing, is a tall cultivar and is intended for use on clay soils. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description
Atributos químicos e qualidade da matéria orgânica do solo em sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar com e sem queima (2016)

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar atributos químicos do solo, quantificar os teores e os estoques de C e N, e avaliar a qualidade química da matéria orgânica do solo em sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar com ou sem queima da palhada. Áreas cultivadas com cana-de-açúcar foram avaliadas com ou sem queima da palhada, aos 6 e aos 12 anos após a última reforma do canavial. Além disso, também foram avaliadas uma área de vegetação nativa e outra cultivada por 19 anos sem queima. O teor de C no solo das áreas sem queima foi superior ao daquelas queimadas e inferior ao da área com vegetação nativa. O estoque de C a 0,0-0,3 m de profundidade, na área queimada, foi 22% menor do que o na área sem queima, aos 6 anos, e 43% menor, aos 12 anos. Os maiores graus de humificação ocorreram na área sem queima por 19 anos; e os menores, na área com vegetação nativa. Os solos cultivados apresentaram maior concentração de grupos fenólicos e carboxílicos nos ácidos húmicos. A fertilidade do solo aumenta em áreas de cana-de-açúcar sem queima, em razão da matéria orgânica do solo mais humificada e da maior quantidade de grupamentos carboxílicos e fenólicos.
Asymptotics of boosting, greedy learning algorithms, and wireless networks (2007)

With advances in computer and information technology that generate data with increasing volume and complexity, learning from data has become a key challenge. The evolving technology also impacts the way communication networks are designed by enabling all-wireless communication between millimeter-sized sensors. Motivated by these challenges, this thesis considers problems in the areas of statistical learning and wireless communication, with a focus on fundamental limits that provide guideline for practical applications. 
The first part of this work concentrates on learning algorithms based on greedy minimization of loss functions (e.g., boosting). Our first contribution is the introduction of recursive greedy algorithms. While the standard batch method as the sample size increases is to re-initialize the greedy algorithm with an arbitrary rule, the proposed procedures proceed with a composite classifier obtained earlier for smaller sample size. We prove that the recursive methods are Bayes-consistent. Experiments demonstrate the practical benefits of these methods for the practitioner who continually receives new batches of training examples or has to cope with large data sets. 
Another principal finding is to generalize consistency results for boosting methods originally obtained under the assumption of independent observations to the much less restrictive case of weakly dependent observations. Our investigation is motivated by the fact that in practice observations are rarely independent; ignoring dependence can seriously undermine performance. We obtain a consistency result in which the less restricted nature of sampling is manifested through a generalized condition on the growth of a regularization parameter. 
The last part of the thesis concerns fundamental limits of all-wireless networks. We concentrate on the scaling of the throughput capacity. Previous results indicate that with an increasing number of nodes, the throughput collapses to zero for immobile nodes, while it can be kept constant if the nodes move freely in the communication domain. We analyze the impact of restricting mobility on throughput scaling, and obtain a general throughput result which is a function of simple properties of the network. It is shown to capture every order of growth for the throughput, encompassing the results for immobile and fully mobile nodes as extremes.
Electrical nonlinear phenomena in rocks (1973)

Abstract Critical charge and nonlinearity, serpentinite, galena
Possible Influence of Metabolic Activity on Aging (1999)

The mitochondrial hypothesis on aging suggests stochastic stomatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as an important cause of respiratory-defective cells and the decline of energetic capabilities with increasing age. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced in the respiratory chain under stress conditions, are assumed to cause deletions and/or mutations of mtDNA. Using quantitative PCR, the stochastic distribution of the "common deletion" of mtDNA in human skeletal muscle tissue is shown. Recent data suggest that in vivo, under normal conditions, respiration is controlled by the intramitochondrial ATP/ADP ratio, via interaction of the nucleotides with subunit IV of cytochrome c oxidase, representing the rate-limiting step of the respiratory chain. Kinetic data are presented indicating that this "second mechanism of respiratory control" is turned on by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the enzyme and turned off by mitochondrial protein phosphatases. It is proposed that dephosphorylation of cytochrome c oxidase via "deleterious stress signals" results in increased mitochondrial membrane potentials and stimulated production of ROS in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. As a consequence, mutations of mtDNA would increase and aging would be accelerated. The inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase at high ATP/ADP ratios can also be abolished by low concentrations of free palmitate and high substrate pressure in the respiratory chain, supporting the notion that low caloric diet supports longevity.
Richtlinien zum schutz des geo-naturerbes in geschützten und erhaltunggebieten (2022)

Dieser Richtlinie soll dazu beitragen, die Erhaltung und das&nbsp;Management des Geo-Naturerbes und der Geodiversität&nbsp;in Schutz- und Erhaltungsgebieten zu verbessern und die&nbsp;Zusammenhänge und Wechselwirkungen mit biologischen&nbsp;Merkmalen und Prozessen zu erkennen. Sie sind kein Lehrbuch&nbsp;für das Management des Schutzes des Geo-Naturerbes,&nbsp;sondern stellen vielmehr den wesentlichen Hintergrund, den&nbsp;Kontext und die Prinzipien dar. Die Verwendung von Best-Practice-Beispielen aus der ganzen Welt wird den Nutzern hoffentlich neues Vertrauen in die Pflege des Geo-Naturerbes und in die Verbindung zwischen Schutz des Geo-Naturerbes und Biodiversitätsschutz geben.
An Open Invitation from the International Poverty and Health Network to All Health Professionals to Combat Poverty (2000)

Always and everywhere, the challenge for all health professionals is to understand, from a position of relative comfort, the nature and extent of the problems faced by the poor, the marginalised and the vulnerable. Understanding, once even partially achieved, creates empathy and a responsibility to advocate for redress.
A Study of Complex Deep Learning Networks on High-Performance, Neuromorphic, and Quantum Computers (2018)

Current deep learning approaches have been very successful using convolutional neural networks trained on large graphical-processing-unit-based computers. Three limitations of this approach are that (1) they are based on a simple layered network topology, i.e., highly connected layers, without intra-layer connections; (2) the networks are manually configured to achieve optimal results, and (3) the implementation of the network model is expensive in both cost and power. In this article, we evaluate deep learning models using three different computing architectures to address these problems: quantum computing to train complex topologies, high performance computing to automatically determine network topology, and neuromorphic computing for a low-power hardware implementation. We use the MNIST dataset for our experiment, due to input size limitations of current quantum computers. Our results show the feasibility of using the three architectures in tandem to address the above deep learning limitations. We show that a quantum computer can find high quality values of intra-layer connection weights in a tractable time as the complexity of the network increases, a high performance computer can find optimal layer-based topologies, and a neuromorphic computer can represent the complex topology and weights derived from the other architectures in low power memristive hardware.
The ubiquitous DOTA and its derivatives: the impact of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid on biomedical imaging (2013)

Over the last twenty-five years 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) has made a significant impact on the field of diagnostic imaging. DOTA is not the only metal chelate in use in medical diagnostics, but it is the only one to significantly impact on all of the major imaging modalities Magnetic Resonance (MR), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and Fluorescence imaging. This crossover of modalities has been possible due to the versatility of DOTA firstly, to complex a variety of metal ions and secondly, the ease with which it can be modified for different disease states. This has driven research over the last two decades into the chemistry of DOTA and the modification of the substituent pendant arms of this macrocycle to create functional, targeted and dual-modal imaging agents. The primary use of DOTA has been with the lanthanide series of metals, gadolinium for MRI, europium and terbium for fluorescence and neodymium for near infra-red imaging. There are now many research groups dedicated to the use of lanthanides with DOTA although other chelates such as DTPA and NOTA are being increasingly employed. The ease with which DOTA can be conjugated to peptides has given rise to targeted imaging agents seen in the PET, SPECT and radiotherapy fields. These modalities use a variety of radiometals that complex with DOTA, e.g.(64)Cu and (68)Ga which are used in clinical PET scans, (111)In, and (90)Y for SPECT and radiotherapy. In this article, we will demonstrate the remarkable versatility of DOTA, how it has crossed the imaging modality boundaries and how it has been successfully transferred into the clinic.
Dually-Perturbed Matsumoto-Imai Signature (DPMS) Scheme (2010)

A new signature scheme of MPKC is proposed. It is created by perturbing a traditional encryption scheme in two ways. The proposed perturbation polynomials successfully reinforce the Matsumoto-Imai cryptosystem This new signature scheme has a structure very difficult to cryptanalyze. Along with the security against algebraic attacks, its security against existing attacks is discussed. The experimental data imply that the scheme can create a both lightweight and secure signature system.
Characterizing Aged Textile Fibers by Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (1987)

Photoacoustic Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy has been used to characterize naturally and artificially aged fibers of cotton. Naturally aged cotton fibers from ar cheological sites in the southwest United States exhibited a family of pronounced absorption bands in the C=O stretch region of the infrared spectrum (1600-1750 cm -1 ) not found in fibers from new cotton cloth. New cotton fibers artificially aged at &gt; 160°C in air exhibited strikingly similar spectral features, along with a severe loss of fiber tensile strength. Cotton artificially aged at 190°C in a nitrogen atmosphere exhibited a similar loss in fiber tensile strength, but without developing new C=O bands. This suggests that the decrease in cotton fiber tensile strength may occur via several mechanisms, or may be only coincidentally associated with the developement of C=O absorption bands. Nevertheless, photoacoustic spectroscopy may be used as a rapid, sensitive, and nondestructive method to predict the extent of oxidative deg radation in naturally aged samples of cotton textiles.
Incidental Lymphoma Discovered During Surveillance for Low-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Treated Ureteroscopically: A Case Report Series (2016)

Two cases of incidentally found follicular lymphoma during surveillance for ureteroscopically treated upper tract urothelial carcinoma with cross-sectional imaging are described. Multiple independent primary malignancies should be considered in this population.
Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: Historical Revision and Recent Developments (1997)

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has completed a revision of its measures of output, capacity, and capacity utilization for the industrial sector. The primary feature of the revision is a new formulation for aggregating the indexes and utilization rates based on weights that are updated annually rather than every five years. The new formulation has been used to revise the output, capacity, and utilization rates back to 1977. It provides more accurate current estimates of developments in industrial production and capacity utilization and eliminates an earlier, small overstatement of the growth trends of production and capacity. The revised indexes of industrial production and capacity show slower growth, on average, than the earlier estimates while the cyclical patterns of the revised measures are practically the same as before. Both from 1977 to 1987 and from 1987 to 1996, total industrial output grew at an average pace of about 2.3 percent a year--about 1/4 percentage point less than previously estimated. The growth of industrial capacity was revised down nearly as much; consequently, the rate of total industrial capacity utilization was revised down only a fraction of a percentage point at the end of 1996. (Statistical Release G.17, &amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization.&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;)
Novel surface-sensitive diode lasers for chemical detection (1998)

A novel near-infrared diode laser having sensitivity to change of absorption and refractive index at its surface- sensitive region is presented. This semiconductor laser utilizes an AlGaAs single quantum well structure emitting at a wavelength of 950 nm, and its dimensions are 1 mm X 0.5 mm X 0.2 mm. One of the cladding layers is thinned such that the evanescent wave in the quantum well interacts with a surface-sensitive region on the laser. A theoretical model of laser sensitivity toward changes in absorption of a dye- doped polymer coating is formulated. Experimental data using the surface-sensitive diode laser for sensing ammonia and adsorbed monolayers of molecular films are presented. The output power, threshold current and wavelength are shown to be affected by the changes in the adsorbed coating.
Soft Materials Driven by Photothermal Effect and Their Applications (2018)

This chapter presents the developments on soft materials driven by photothermal effect of various photothermal agents. It discusses the combination of well-known soft materials such as liquid crystals, polymers, and gels with inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and organic dyes. Soft nanotechnology, soft robotics, and soft lithography are examples that reflect the far-reaching implications of soft materials in biology and engineering. Soft materials constitute one of the most stimulating interdisciplinary frontiers of modern science and are built on diverse experimental and theoretical foundations. Smart and adaptive systems have been realized by dispersing photothermal agents into soft matter matrices. Synergy between the properties of soft materials and photothermal agents has been found to enhance the functionalities of the stimuli-responsive composites. The work accomplished in driving soft materials by photothermal effect and the applications demonstrated have laid the groundwork for further exploration.
Collagen membranes loaded with collagen-binding human PDGF-BB accelerate wound healing in a rabbit dermal ischemic ulcer model (2007)

Studies have shown that exogenous platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) could accelerate the ulcer healing, but the lack of efficient growth factor delivery system limits its clinical application. Our previous work has demonstrated that the native human PDGF-BB was added a collagen-binding domain (CBD), TKKTLRT, to develop a collagen-based PDGF targeting delivery system. Here, we showed that this CBD-fused PDGF-BB (CBD-PDGF) could bind to collagen membrane efficiently. We used the rabbit dermal ischemic ulcer model to study the effects of CBD-PDGF loaded on collagen membranes. Results revealed that this system maintained a higher concentration and stronger bioactivity of PDGF-BB on the collagen membranes and promoted the re-epithelialization of dermal ulcer wounds, the collagen deposition, and the formation of capillary lumens within the newly formed tissue area. It demonstrated that collagen membranes loaded with collagen-targeting human PDGF-BB could effectively promote ulcer healing.
Specific flow injection sandwich binding assay for IgG using protein A and a fusion protein (1993)

A sandwich-type flow-injection binding assay for quantitation of various IgG's was developed. The assay is based on the pseudoimmunological reaction between protein A from Staphylococcus aureus and immunoglobulin G from different species. Protein A immobilized on a solid support and a fusion protein of protein A and beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli are used for detection. The fusion protein is produced with a temperature-inducible recombinant E. coli strain. A sandwich is formed by subsequent injection of IgG and fusion protein into the buffer stream flowing through the immobilized protein A column. The amount of enzyme activity bound is proportional to the amount of IgG bound and is measured by pumping a lactose solution as substrate for beta-galactosidase through the protein A column. Lactose is converted to glucose and galactose. The detector is an enzyme thermistor that measures the heat evolved in the enzymatic conversion of glucose by coimmobilized glucose oxidase and catalase. The assay takes 16 min at a flow rate of 0.6 mL min-1 with a lower detection limit of 33 pmol per injection of rabbit IgG. The precision of replicate measurements has a standard deviation of 4-5%, and the column can be used for more than 50 cycles.
Implementing Signature Based IDS in IP-Based Sensor Networks with the Help of Signature-Codes (2010)

A dynamic coding mechanism is presented to implement distributed signature based IDS (Intrusion Detection System) in IP-USN (IP-based Ubiquitous Sensor Networks). The proposed scheme allows the creation of a lightweight IDS in terms of storage, messaging and energy consumption, which make it appropriate for resource constrained sensor devices.