gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Numerical Simulations and Laboratory Waterfloods with In-Situ Saturation Imaging of Fractured Blocks of Reservoir Rocks at Different Wettabilities (2000)

Iterative comparison between experiments and numerical simulation has been used to predict oil recovery mechanisms in fractured chalk as a function of wettability. Selective alteration of wettability, by aging in crude oil at elevated temperature, produced chalk blocks which were strongly-water-wet and moderately-water-wet, but with similar pore geometry and mineralogy. Larger scale, nuclear-tracer, 2D-imaging experiments monitored fluid distributions while waterflooding blocks of chalk, first whole then fractured. This data provided in-situ fluid saturation development for validating numerical simulation and evaluating capillary pressure- and relative permeability input data used in the simulations. Capillary pressure and relative permeability at each given wettability were experimentally measured and used as input for the simulations. Optimization of either Pc-data or kr-curves gave indications of which of these input data could be more trusted. History matching both the production profile and the in-situ saturation distribution development gave higher confidence in the simulation. Labelling the injection water differently from the in-situ water made it possible to determine the degree of water mixing during the waterfloods. Mixing of injection water and in-situ water during waterfloodng was determined for both unfractured and fractured blocks. Reduced water wettability resulted in less oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition. Interconnected fractures did not significantly impact the final oil production when the permeability increase after fracturing was low, for both strongly-water-wet and moderately-water-wet conditions. However, in-situ saturation distributions were significantly affected by the wettability conditions. For higher permeability increase after fracturing significant reduction in oil recovery was experienced at less water wet conditions, while oil recovery at strongly-water-wet conditions was not reduced, even at high permeability increase after fracturing. The overall best match between the simulations and the experiments was obtained using the experimentally obtained capillary pressure curves and optimizing the experimentally measured relative permeabilities.
Synthesis and characterization of N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(ii) chlorides-1-methylindazole and -1-methylpyrazole complexes and their catalytic activity toward C–N coupling of aryl chlorides (2016)

<italic>N</italic>-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(<sc>ii</sc>) chlorides-1-methylindazole and -1-methylpyrazole complexes were successfully synthesized and characterized. Investigations showed that they were efficient catalysts in amine coupling with aryl chlorides at low catalyst loadings.
Enantioselective radical addition reactions to the CN bond utilizing chiral quaternary ammonium salts of hypophosphorous acid in aqueous media (2006)

An enantioselective addition of alkyl radicals to glyoxylate oxime ether mediated by Cinchona alkaloid derived chiral ammonium salts of hypophosphorous acid, QP and QDP, has been developed.
Reaction of 1,3-dithiane anions with nitriles: generation of primary aminoketene thioacetals (1985)

P. C. B. Page, M. B. van Niel and P. H. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1985, 742 DOI: 10.1039/C39850000742
Right-ventricular pacemaker lead induced severe tricuspid regurgitation with right heart failure immediately after pacemaker implantation:a case report (2022)

We report a rare but severe pacemaker complication of a pacemaker lead induced severe tricuspid valve regurgitation. This led to acute right heart failure and decompensation within three days after pacemaker implantation.
Construction of spoken language model including fillers using filler prediction model (2007)

This paper proposes a novel method to construct a spoken language model including fillers from a corpus including no fillers using a filler prediction model. It consists of two submodels: a filler insertion model which predicts places where fillers should be inserted, and a filler selection model which predicts appropriate fillers for given places. It converts a corpus that covers domain-relevant topics but includes no fillers into a corpus that contains fillers as well as domain-relevant topics. The experiment against the corpus of spontaneous Japanese shows that language models constructed by the proposed method achieve quite near performance of the traditional trigram language model constructed from the real spontaneous corpus including fillers.
When Does Stress End? Evidence of a Prolonged Stress Reaction in Shiftworking Truck Drivers (2011)

This study aimed to analyze individual cortisol levels in relation to work conditions, sleep, and health parameters among truck drivers working day shifts (n = 21) compared to those working irregular shifts (n = 21). A total of 42 male truck drivers (39.8 (+/-) 6.2 yrs) completed questionnaires about sociodemographics, job content, work environment, health, and lifestyle. Rest-activity profiles were measured using actigraphy, and cardiovascular blood parameters were collected. Salivary cortisol samples were obtained: (i) at waking time, (ii) 30?min after waking, and (iii) at bedtime, during both one workday and one day off from work. Irregular-shift workers, compared to day-shift workers, showed significantly higher waist-hip ratio, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, tiredness after work, years working as a driver, truck vibration, and less job demand (p < .05). High cortisol levels in irregular-shift workers were correlated with certain stressors, such as short sleep duration and low job satisfaction, and to metabolic parameters, such as total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), VLDL, and triglycerides. Day-shift workers had higher cortisol levels collected 30?min after waking (p = .03) and a higher cortisol awakening response (CAR; p = .02) during workdays compared to off days. Irregular-shift workers had higher cortisol levels on their off days compared to day-shift workers (p = .03). In conclusion, for the day-shift workers, a higher cortisol response was observed on workdays compared to off days. Although no direct comparisons could be made between groups for work days, on off days the irregular-shift workers had higher cortisol levels compared to day-shift workers, suggesting a prolonged stress response in the irregular-shift group. In addition, cortisol levels were correlated with stressors and metabolic parameters. Future studies are warranted to investigate further stress responses in the context of irregular work hours.
Early work patterns for gynaecological cancer survivors in the USA (2011)

Work patterns varied for these gynaecological cancer survivors over the first 6 months following diagnosis. Opportunities exist to improve communication about work and treatment expectations between cancer survivors, occupational health professionals, employers and treating clinicians.
Mechanism and Kinetics of Aluminum Nitride Powder Degradation in Moist Air (2005)

Aluminum nitride (AlN) powders manufactured via three major commercial processes, namely, chemical vapor deposition from triethyl aluminum, carbothermal reduction and nitridation of alumina, and direct nitridation of aluminum, were exposed to moist air at room temperature to investigate the degradation mechanism and kinetics. In the degradation, the powders were initially hydrolyzed to amorphous aluminum oxyhydroxide, which subsequently transformed into mixtures of crystallized aluminum trihydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ) polymorphs, i.e., bayerite, nordstrandite, and gibbsite, forming agglomerates around the unreacted AlN. The data were fitted by using the unreacted‐core model. Three stages were found in the degradation: the stage of an induction period at the beginning, followed by a stage of fast hydrolysis with the chemical reaction being rate controlling, and finally, with gradual closing of pores in the structure of Al(OH) 3 around AlN, changing to a stage of slow hydrolysis that was controlled by mass diffusion through Al(OH) 3 . The existence of an induction period was attributed to slow hydrolysis of the surface oxide/oxyhydroxide layer. The powder produced by the carbothermal process showed the longest induction period, which was attributed to its surface structure being different from other powders.
Highly Enantioselective Copper‐Phosphoramidite‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Dialkylzinc Reagents to Acyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Imides (2006)

Abstract A new and practical way to introduce an alkyl fragment in the β‐position of aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives with high enantioselectivities by the use of a commercially available chiral ligand is reported. N ‐Acylpyrrolidinones, as simple derivatives of an α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acid, were found to be the substrates of choice featuring good reactivity and high enantioselectivities (up to &gt;99% ee).
Prototype and characteristics measurement of bearingless motor with wide air gap structure (2010)

Nowadays, more and more applications have been developed along with continuous research on magnetic suspension. In these applications, wide air gap structure always plays an important role. Therefore, bearingless motor with such structure which can provide large magnetic suspension force was proposed. This paper shows the experimental results of such bearingless motor based on a prototype model and high efficiency and stabilized transitional characteristic were specified.
Are hypothalamic hormones central neurotransmitters? (1978)

Chemical neutotransmitters share a number of properties. They are found in, synthesised by, and released from neurons. When they are released from nerves, they have specific, drug sensitive effects on target cells; and these effects are also seen when they are applied to target cells exogenously. Finally, neurotransmitters are rapidly metabolised or removed from the synaptic cleft so that their actions are brief. ‘Hypothalamic hormones’ (releasing hormones and release inhibiting hormones) have not traditionally been thought of as neurotransmitters. Although it is true that these hormones are released from nerves into the portal vessels to act on cells of the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary, it is unlikely that their only sites of action are in the pituitary. Data suggesting that the hypothalamic hormones function as chemical neurotransmitters are reviewed below.
θ Defensins Protect Cells from Infection by Herpes Simplex Virus by Inhibiting Viral Adhesion and Entry (2004)

We tested the ability of 20 synthetic theta defensins to protect cells from infection by type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and -2, respectively). The peptides included rhesus theta defensins (RTDs) 1 to 3, originally isolated from rhesus macaque leukocytes, and three peptides (retrocyclins 1 to 3) whose sequences were inferred from human theta-defensin (DEFT) pseudogenes. We also tested 14 retrocyclin analogues, including the retro, enantio, and retroenantio forms of retrocyclin 1. Retrocyclins 1 and 2 and RTD 3 protected cervical epithelial cells from infection by both HSV serotypes, but only retrocyclin 2 did so without causing cytotoxicity or requiring preincubation with the virus. Surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that retrocyclin 2 bound to immobilized HSV-2 glycoprotein B (gB2) with high affinity (K(d), 13.3 nM) and that it did not bind to enzymatically deglycosylated gB2. Temperature shift experiments indicated that retrocyclin 2 and human alpha defensins human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP 1) to HNP 3 protected human cells from HSV-2 by different mechanisms. Retrocyclin 2 blocked viral attachment, and its addition during the binding or penetration phases of HSV-2 infection markedly diminished nuclear translocation of VP16 and expression of ICP4. In contrast, HNPs 1 to 3 had little effect on binding but reduced both VP16 transport and ICP4 expression if added during the postbinding (penetration) period. We recently reported that theta defensins are miniature lectins that bind gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with high affinity and inhibit the entry of R5 and X4 isolates of HIV-1. Given its small size (18 residues), minimal cytotoxicity, lack of activity against vaginal lactobacilli, and effectiveness against both HSV-2 and HIV-1, retrocyclin 2 provides an intriguing prototype for future topical microbicide development.
Computed Tomography-Aortography Versus Color-Duplex Ultrasound for Surveillance of Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair (2020)

Background Color-duplex ultrasonography (DUS) could be an alternative to computed tomography-aortography (CTA) in the lifelong surveillance of patients after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), but there is currently no level 1 evidence. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DUS as an alternative to CTA for the follow-up of post-EVAR patients. Methods Between December 16, 2010, and June 12, 2015, we conducted a prospective, blinded, diagnostic-accuracy study, in 15 French university hospitals where EVAR was commonly performed. Participants were followed up using both DUS and CTA in a mutually blinded setup until the end of the study or until any major aneurysm-related morphological abnormality requiring reintervention or an amendment to the follow-up policy was revealed by CTA. Database was locked on October 2, 2017. Our main outcome measures were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood ratios of DUS against reference standard CTA. CIs are binomial 95% CI. Results This study recruited prospectively 659 post-EVAR patients of whom 539 (82%) were eligible for further analysis. Following the baseline inclusion visit, 940 additional follow-up visits were performed in the 539 patients. Major aneurysm-related morphological abnormalities were revealed by CTA in 103 patients (17.2/100 person-years [95% CI, 13.9-20.5]). DUS accurately identified 40 patients where a major aneurysm-related morphological abnormality was present (sensitivity, 39% [95% CI, 29-48]) and 403 of 436 patients with negative CTA (specificity, 92% [95% CI, 90-95]). The negative predictive value and positive predictive value of DUS were 92% (95% CI, 90-95) and 39% (95% CI, 27-50), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.87 (95% CI, 2.9-9.6). DUS sensitivity reached 73% (95% CI, 51-96) in patients requiring an effective reintervention. Conclusions DUS had an overall low sensitivity in the follow-up of patients after EVAR, but its performance improved meaningfully when the subset of patients requiring effective reinterventions was considered. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01230203.
Ventricular–Vascular Stiffening in Patients With Repaired Coarctation of Aorta (2008)

Increased ventricular systolic stiffness, coupled with increased arterial stiffness, plays important roles in hypertension in patients with repaired COA. Thus, ventricular systolic stiffness is a potentially suitable target for reduction of blood pressure and improvement of prognosis of patients with COA.
Molecular weight and molecular weight distributions in synthetic polymers (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTMolecular weight and molecular weight distributions in synthetic polymersThomas Carl Ward Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 11, 867Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1981Published inissue 1 November 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ed058p867RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views21507Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (10 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Polymer Insulin Derivatives: Application Peculiarities (2018)

Using the polymer model of small intestine, it is shown that the dependence of the efficiency of the preparation Ransulin on the size of an animal is due to a difference in the diameter of the small intestine and the enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of insulin accompanying its diffusion from the intestine with a larger diameter. Unlike hypodermic injections, in the oral administration of preparations, insulin is initially accumulated in the liver and only then is transported into the bloodstream; that is, the physiological pathway of insulin secretion is realized.
Mapping the mindfulness: An literature Review of mindfulness in educational field (2022)

Abstract This study presents an overview of the literature of mindfulness in education, which is based on the definition of mindfulness, and accompanying key terms, and the philosophy and practices it involves. The review includes a survey of Buddhism, Eastern and Western mindfulness traditions. This literature review gathers the thinking of scholars on the importance of mindfulness and its beneficial practices—particularly in Western contexts—including mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and related therapies. The literature review is also a motivator in the use of mindfulness because it reveals its proven role in both helping career professionals and reducing stress for students by reducing the psychological and physical distress inherent in work and personal lives or students’ academic lives.
Das Klima der Vorzeit (1950)

(1950). Das Klima der Vorzeit. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar: Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 477-477.
Tecniche di linearizzazione di sistemi di trasmissione IM-DD per migliorare i benefici della equalizzazione elettronica (2005)

We report two techniques to linearize IM-DD systems in order to better exploit the performance of a linear electronic equalizer. Computer simulations proved that the maximum reachable distance can be greatly extended.
Evaluation of updated Feed Saved breeding values developed in Australian Holstein dairy cattle (2022)

Although selection for increased milk production traits has led to a genetic increase in body weight (BW), the genetic gain in milk production has exceeded the gain in BW, so gross feed efficiency has improved. Nonetheless, greater gains may be possible by directly selecting for a measure of feed efficiency. Australia first introduced Feed Saved (FS) estimated breeding value (EBV) in 2015. Feed Saved combines residual feed intake (RFI) genomic EBV and maintenance requirements calculated from mature BW EBV. The FS EBV was designed to enable the selection of cows for reduced energy requirements with similar milk production. In this study, we used a reference population of 3,711 animals in a multivariate analysis including Australian heifers (AUSh), Australian cows (AUSc), and overseas cows (OVEc) to update the Australian EBV for lifetime RFI (i.e., a breeding value that incorporated RFI in growing and lactating cows) and to recalculate the FS EBV in Australian Holstein bulls (AUSb). The estimates of genomic heritabilities using univariate (only AUSc or AUSh) to trivariate (including the OVEc) analyses were similar. Genomic heritabilities for RFI were estimated as 0.18 for AUSc, 0.27 for OVEc, and 0.36 for AUSh. The genomic correlation for RFI between AUSc and AUSh was 0.47 and that between AUSc and OVEc was 0.94, but these estimates were associated with large standard errors (range: 0.18-0.28). The reliability of lifetime RFI (a component of FS) in the trivariate analysis (i.e., including OVEc) increased from 11% to 20% compared with the 2015 model and was greater, by 12%, than in a bivariate analysis in which the reference population included only AUSc and AUSh. By applying the prediction equation of the 2020 model, the average reliability of the FS EBV in 20,816 AUSb that were born between 2010 and 2020 improved from 33% to 43%. Previous selection strategies-that is, using the predecessor of the Balanced Performance Index (Australian Profit Ranking index) that did not include FS-have resulted in an unfavorable genetic trend in FS. However, this unfavorable trend has stabilized since 2015, when FS was included in the Balanced Performance Index, and is expected to move in a favorable direction with selection on Balanced Performance Index or the Health Weighted Index. Doubling the reference population, particularly by incorporating international data for feed efficiency, has improved the reliability of the FS EBV. This could lead to increased genetic gain for feed efficiency in the Australian industry.
Carbon nanotubes for lithium ion batteries (2009)

Lithium ion batteries are receiving considerable attention in applications, ranging from portable electronics to electric vehicles, due to their superior energy density over other rechargeable battery technologies. However, the societal demands for lighter, thinner, and higher capacity lithium ion batteries necessitate ongoing research for novel materials with improved properties over that of state-of-the-art. Such an effort requires a concerted development of both electrodes and electrolyte to improve battery capacity, cycle life, and charge–discharge rates while maintaining the highest degree of safety available. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a candidate material for use in lithium ion batteries due to their unique set of electrochemical and mechanical properties. The incorporation of CNTs as a conductive additive at a lower weight loading than conventional carbons, like carbon black and graphite, presents a more effective strategy to establish an electrical percolation network. In addition, CNTs have the capability to be assembled into free-standing electrodes (absent of any binder or current collector) as an active lithium ion storage material or as a physical support for ultra high capacity anode materials like silicon or germanium. The measured reversible lithium ion capacities for CNT-based anodes can exceed 1000 mAh g−1 depending on experimental factors, which is a 3× improvement over conventional graphite anodes. The major advantage from utilizing free-standing CNT anodes is the removal of the copper current collectors which can translate into an increase in specific energy density by more than 50% for the overall battery design. However, a developmental effort needs to overcome current research challenges including the first cycle charge loss and paper crystallinity for free-standing CNT electrodes. Efforts to utilize pre-lithiation methods and modification of the single wall carbon nanotube bundling are expected to increase the energy density of future CNT batteries. Other progress may be achieved using open-ended structures and enriched chiral fractions of semiconducting or metallic chiralities that are potentially able to improve capacity and electrical transport in CNT-based lithium ion batteries.