gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introducing the Condor Array Telescope. 1. Motivation, Configuration, and Performance (2023)

The "Condor Array Telescope" or "Condor" is a high-performance "array telescope" comprised of six apochromatic refracting telescopes of objective diameter 180 mm, each equipped with a large-format, very low-read-noise ($\approx 1.2$ e$^-$), very rapid-read-time ($&lt; 1$ s) CMOS camera. Condor is located at a very dark astronomical site in the southwest corner of New Mexico, at the Dark Sky New Mexico observatory near Animas, roughly midway between (and more than 150 km from either) Tucson and El Paso. Condor enjoys a wide field of view ($2.29 \times 1.53$ deg$^2$ or 3.50 deg$^2$), is optimized for measuring both point sources and extended, very low-surface-brightness features, and for broad-band images can operate at a cadence of 60 s (or even less) while remaining sky-noise limited with a duty cycle near 100\%. In its normal mode of operation, Condor obtains broad-band exposures of exposure time 60 s over dwell times spanning dozens or hundreds of hours. In this way, Condor builds up deep, sensitive images while simultaneously monitoring tens or hundreds of thousands of point sources per field at a cadence of 60 s. Condor is also equipped with diffraction gratings and with a set of He II 468.6 nm, [O III] 500.7 nm, He I 587.5 nm, H$α$ 656.3 nm, [N II] 658.4 nm, and [S II] 671.6 nm narrow-band filters, allowing it to address a variety of broad- and narrow-band science issues. Given its unique capabilities, Condor can access regions of "astronomical discovery space" that have never before been studied. Here we introduce Condor and describe various aspects of its performance.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2016)

CRT implantation is a relatively safe procedure that has become safer in higher risk patients. However, significant disparities in CRT utilization exist in certain demographic subgroups, and these disparities have persisted across the years.
Improved access point selection (2006)

This paper presents Virgil, an automatic access point discovery and selection system. Unlike existing systems that select access points based entirely on received signal strength, Virgil scans for all available APs at a location, quickly associates to each, and runs a battery of tests to estimate the quality of each AP's connection to the Internet. Virgil also probes for blocked or redirected ports, to guide AP selection in favor of preserving application services that are currently in use. Results of our evaluation across five neighborhoods in three cities show Virgil finds a usable connection from 22% to 100% more often than selecting based on signal strength alone. By caching AP test results, Virgil both improves performance and success rate. Our overhead is acceptable and is shown to be faster than manually selecting an AP with Windows XP.
Structure of 9α,19-dihydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (1992)

C 19 H 26 O 4 cristallise dans P2 1 2 1 2 1 avec a = 10,591, b = 11,133 et c = 13,657 A, Z = 4; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,057. Le cycle A est desordonne avec les atomes C(2) et O(19) occupant deux sites possibles. Les molecules sont maintenues ensemble par une liaison hydrogene de 2,89 A.
DDX41 recognizes bacterial secondary messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP to activate a type I interferon immune response (P1375) (2013)

Abstract Cytosolic detection of bacterially derived secondary messengers cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) or cyclic -di-AMP (c-di-AMP) by the host immune system activates an innate immune response characterized by the induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Induction of IFN by c-di-GMP or c-di-AMP has been shown to be dependent on a stimulator of IFN genes-TANK binding kinase 1-IFN regulatory factor 3 (STING-TBK1-IRF3) signaling axis. Although STING has been shown to interact with c-di-GMP, an upstream sensor of these cyclic dinucleotides is unknown. Here we identify the helicase, DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 41 (DDX41) as the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that senses both c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP. DDX41 specifically and directly interacts with c-di-GMP. Knockdown of DDX41 via shRNA in murine or human immune cells inhibits the induction of innate immune genes and results in defective STING, TBK1 and IRF3 activation in response to c-di-GMP or c-di-AMP. Our findings suggest a mechanism whereby c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP molecules are detected by the DDX41 PRR, which complexes with the STING adaptor to signal to TBK1-IRF3 and activate the IFN response.
The VSOP 5 GHz Active Galactic Nucleus Survey. III. Imaging Results for the First 102 Sources (2004)

The VLBI Space Observatory Programme (VSOP) mission is a Japanese-led project to study radio sources with sub-milliarcsec resolution using an orbiting 8 m telescope, HALCA, along with global arrays of Earth-based telescopes. Approximately 25% of the observing time is devoted to a survey of compact active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that are stronger than 1 Jy at 5 GHz - the VSOP AGN Survey. This paper, the third in the series, presents the results from the analysis of the first 102 Survey sources. We present high-resolution images and plots of visibility amplitude versus projected baseline length. In addition, model-fit parameters to the primary radio components are listed, and from these the angular size and brightness temperature for the radio cores are calculated. For those sources for which we were able to determine the source frame core brightness temperature, a significant fraction (53 out of 98) have a source frame core brightness temperature in excess of 10 12 K. The maximum source frame core brightness temperature we observed was 1.210 13 K. Explaining a brightness temperature this high requires an extreme amount of relativistic Doppler beaming. Since the maximum brightness temperature one is able to determine using only ground-based arrays is of the order of 10 12 K, our results confirm the necessity of using space VLBI to explore the extremely high brightness temperature regime.
Improved template representation in cpn 60 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product libraries generated from complex templates by application of a specific mixture of PCR primers (2005)

Some classes of high G+C content organisms such as the Actinobacteria, which are known through culture-based studies to be present in large numbers in particular microbial communities, are under-represented or even absent from 16S rRNA or cpn60 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product libraries derived from these templates. Using reference cpn60 sequence data from organisms with high G+C content genomes, a pair of PCR primers were designed which, when used in combination with the previously developed degenerate, universal cpn60 primers, improve the representation of templates with high G+C content. The primers were validated using a combination of traditional and quantitative real-time PCR on both manufactured template mixtures and biological samples. The development and optimization of this specific primer mixture represents an improvement of established methods and a significant advance in the ability to generate cpn60 PCR product libraries that more closely represent the sequence diversity in complex templates.
Integrative analysis of DNA methylomes reveals novel cell-free biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma (2023)

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a low 5-year survival rate due in part to a lack of clinically useful biomarkers. Recent studies have identified DNA methylation changes as potential cancer biomarkers. The present study identified cancer-specific CpG methylation changes by comparing genome-wide methylation data of cfDNA from lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) patients and healthy donors in the discovery cohort. A total of 725 cell-free CpGs associated with LUAD risk were identified. Then XGBoost algorithm was performed to identify seven CpGs associated with LUAD risk. In the training phase, the 7-CpGs methylation panel was established to classify two different prognostic subgroups and showed a significant association with overall survival (OS) in LUAD patients. We found that the methylation of cg02261780 was negatively correlated with the expression of its representing gene GNA11. The methylation and expression of GNA11 were significantly associated with LAUD prognosis. Based on bisulfite PCR, the methylation levels of five CpGs (cg02261780, cg09595050, cg20193802, cg15309457, and cg05726109) were further validated in tumor tissues and matched non-malignant tissues from 20 LUAD patients. Finally, validation of the seven CpGs with RRBS data of cfDNA methylation was conducted and further proved the reliability of the 7-CpGs methylation panel. In conclusion, our study identified seven novel methylation markers from cfDNA methylation data which may contribute to better prognosis for LUAD patients.
Early development in healthy children of serum opsonins against nonpathogenic Neisseria meningitidis (1992)

In an earlier study, with the use of chemiluminescence (CL) and phagocytic killing, we could show that in the presence of serum from healthy adults polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) efficiently handle nonpathogenic Neisseria meningitidis strains, in sharp contrast to those associated with clinical disease. The major part of this difference was dependent on serum factors. In the present study 84 serum samples from children 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, and 10-14 years old were studied by the CL technique according to their ability to opsonize meningococci. There was a highly significant difference (p less than 0.001) in all four age groups when the CL indexes obtained with the pathogenic meningococci of the serogroups A, B and C were compared with those of the nonpathogenic menigococci: serogroup 29E and nongroupable meningococci. These findings imply that the ability to opsonize so-called nonpathogenic meningococci is developed early in life and may explain why they are only occasionally able to cause disease.
Genetic Analysis of New Sources of Soybean Resistance to Brown Stem Rot (2010)

Brown stem rot (BSR) of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], caused by Phialophora gregata (Allington &amp; D.W. Chamb.) W. Gams 1971, is an economically important disease prevalent in soybean producing regions of the north‐central United States and Canada. To date, all BSR resistant genes identified are located on chromosome 16 (formerly molecular linkage group J). The objective of this study was to determine if four plant introductions from south‐central China identified as BSR resistant have resistance genes mapping to the same location on chromosome 16 as previously mapped BSR resistance genes. The four plant introductions, PI 594637, PI 594638B, PI 594650A, and PI 594858B, were crossed to the BSR‐susceptible cultivar ‘Century 84’ to develop four F 2 populations. Each segregating population and the parental lines were screened for BSR resistance in growth chamber conditions. The F 2:3 individual plants of each population were tested with the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers Satt431 or Satt547, which map closely to BSR resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosome 16. Associations between molecular data and phenotypic data used to validate QTL were analyzed using single factor ANOVA. Three of the four populations had markers on chromosome 16 significantly associated with BSR resistance with R 2 values from 24 to 48%. However, when marker Satt547 was regressed on BSR resistance in population PI 594637 × Century 84, no significant association was observed. This result suggests that PI 594637 could have a new BSR resistance gene. Transgressive segregation also was observed in this population, and highly BSR resistant progeny could be used in the development of BSR resistant cultivars. Additional research and testing in this population will be conducted to identify resistance QTL(s) from this source.
Single-step electrochemical nanolithography of metal thin films by localized etching with an AFM tip (2008)

This work introduces electrochemical nanolithography (ENL), a single-step method in which a metal thin film is locally etched without application of a mask on a 100 nm length scale with an electrochemical atomic force microscope (AFM). The method requires the application of ultra-short voltage pulses on the tip (nanosecond range duration, 2-4 V amplitude), while both the sample and the metalized tip are under independent potentiostatic control for full control of interface reactions in an AFM electrochemical cell. It is demonstrated that Cu films as well as Co and Cu/Co sandwich magnetic films can be patterned if negative voltage pulses are applied to the tip. This method also applies to films deposited on an insulating substrate. Moreover the lateral dimension of lithographed structures is tunable, from a few micrometers down to 150 nm, by appropriate choice of ENL conditions. Simulation of the dissolution process is discussed.
A Robust Multi-Party Key Agreement Protocol Resistant to Malicious Participants (2005)

By its very nature, a non-authenticated multi-party key agreement protocol cannot provide participant and message authentication, so it must rely on an authenticated network channel. This paper presents the inability of two famous multi-party key agreement protocols to withstand malicious participant attacks, even though their protocols are based on the authenticated network channel. This attack involves a malicious participant disrupting the multi-party key agreement among honest participants. In this case, other honest participants do not correctly agree on a common key. Obviously, the malicious participant cannot obtain the common key either, and the communication confidentiality among participants is not breached. However, in some emergency situations or applications, a multi-party key agreement protocol design that is resistant to malicious participants is useful. Therefore, in this paper, a non-authenticated multi-party key agreement protocol resistant to malicious participants is proposed. The proposed robust protocol requires constant rounds to establish a common key. Each participant broadcasts a constant number of messages. Under the assumption of the Decision Diffie–Hellman problem and the random oracle model, we will show that the proposed protocol is provably secure against passive adversaries and malicious participants.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Brain Health: Impact on Long‐Range Cortical Connections and Cognitive Performance (2018)

Background Cardiovascular risk factor burden in the absence of clinical or radiological "events" is associated with mild cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging techniques exploring the integrity of neuronal fiber connectivity within white matter networks supporting cognitive processing could be used to measure the impact of cardiovascular disease on brain health and be used beyond bedside neuropsychological tests to detect subclinical changes and select or stratify participants for entry into clinical trials. Methods and Results We assessed the relationship between verbal IQ and brain network integrity and the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on network integrity by constructing whole-brain structural connectomes from magnetic resonance imaging diffusion images (N=60) from people with various degrees of cardiovascular risk factor burden. We measured axonal integrity by calculating network density and determined the effect of fiber loss on network topology and efficiency, using graph theory. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factor burden, physical activity, age, education, white matter integrity, and verbal IQ . Reduced network density, resulting from a disproportionate loss of long-range white matter fibers, was associated with white matter network fragmentation ( r=-0.52, P<10<sup>-4</sup>), lower global efficiency ( r=0.91, P<10<sup>-20</sup>), and decreased verbal IQ (adjusted R<sup>2</sup>=0.23, P<10<sup>-4</sup>). Conclusions Cardiovascular risk factors may mediate negative effects on brain health via loss of energy-dependent long-range white matter fibers, which in turn leads to disruption of the topological organization of the white matter networks, lowered efficiency, and reduced cognitive function.
Improvement of densification uniformity of carbon/silicon carbide composites during chemical vapour infiltration (2018)

We have investigated the influence of the process parameters on the density and distribution of 2.5D carbon preforms during chemical vapour infiltration (CVI) of silicon carbide. The lower the pressure and the substrate temperature, the higher the density and its uniformity. The temperature of the lower part of the disc-shaped specimen was as low as 1000°C to suppress the surface reaction that caused the closure of the open porosity. The specimen of 1000°C under 10 torr resulted in the density of 72.2% and the standard deviation of 13.9%., while that of 1000°C under 50 torr showed the density of 69.1% and the standard deviation of 18.6%. The low density of the specimen was mainly attributed to the large voids between the carbon bundles.
Nitric oxide mediates the mitogenic effects of insulin and vascular endothelial growth factor but not of leptin in endothelial cells. (1999)

The regulation of vascular wall homeostasis by nitric oxide (NO) generated by endothelium is being intensively studied. In the present paper, the involvement of NO in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin or leptin-stimulated proliferation of human endothelial cells (HUVEC) was measured by [3H]thymidine or bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. VEGF and insulin, but not leptin, increased NO generation in HUVEC, as detected with ISO-NO electrode. Proliferation of HUVEC induced by leptin was not changed or was higher in the presence of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. In contrast, L-NAME blunted the proproliferative effect of VEGF and insulin. Furthermore, we demonstrated that, in human arterial smooth muscle cells (hASMC) transfected with endothelial NOS (eNOS) gene, the generation of biologically active VEGF protein was NO-dependent. Inhibition of NO generation by L-NAME decreased the synthesis of VEGF protein and attenuated HUVEC proliferation induced by conditioned media from transfected hASMC. Endothelium-derived NO seems to participate in VEGF and insulin, but not leptin, mitogenic activity. Additionally, the small amounts of NO released from endothelial cells, as mimicked by eNOS transfection into hASMC, may activate generation of VEGF in sub-endothelial smooth muscle cells, leading to increased synthesis of VEGF protein necessary for turnover and restitution of endothelial cells.
Transformation of a kinetically controlled nematic phase of a linear polymer into one which is thermodynamically controlled via cyclization [1] (1993)

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of cyclic main chain liquid-crystalline oligomers based on 1-(4-hydroxy-4′-biphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane (TPB) with 1,7-dibromoheptane (TPB-7(c)] are described. These oligomers were synthesized by the phase transfer catalysed polyetherification of TPB with 1,7-dibromoheptane under high dilution conditions and separated by column chromatography. Their cyclic structure was confirmed by 200 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. The mesomorphic behaviour of TPB-7(c) was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. The cyclic dimer is only crystalline, while the cyclic trimer, tetramer and pentamer exhibit an enantiotropic nematic mesophase. The high molecular weight linear homologue TPB-7(1) exhibits a nematic mesophase which has an isotropization transition temperature located in the very close proximity of its glass transition temperature. Therefore, this nematic phase is kinetically controlled. Due to the higher rigidity of cyclics versus linear structures the cyclic trimer, tetramer and pentamer exhibit higher isotropization transition temperatures than their linear homologue. Subsequently, the kinetically controlled nematic mesophase of the linear homologue is transformed into a thermodynamically controlled phase via cyclization.
Modulation of Glucose Production by Central Insulin Requires IGF-1 Receptors in AgRP Neurons (2021)

Similar to insulin, central administration of insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) can suppress hepatic glucose production (HGP), but it is unclear if this effect is mediated via insulin receptors (InsRs) or IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1Rs) in the brain. To this end, we utilized pharmacologic and genetic approaches in combination with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps to decipher the role of these receptors in mediating central effects of IGF-1 and insulin on HGP. In rats, we observed that intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of IGF-1 or insulin markedly increased the glucose infusion rate (GIR) by &gt;50% and suppressed HGP (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). However, these effects were completely prevented by preemptive ICV infusion with an IGF-1R and InsR/IGF-1R Hybrid (HybridRs) blocking antibody.&lt;a&gt; Likewise, ICV infusion of the InsR antagonist, S961, which also can bind HybridRs, interfered with the ability of central insulin, but not IGF-1 to increase the GIR. &lt;/a&gt;Furthermore, hyperinsulinemic clamps in mice lacking IGF-1Rs in AgRP neurons revealed ~30% reduction in the GIR in KO animals, which was explained by an impaired ability of peripheral insulin to completely suppress HGP (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Signaling studies further revealed an impaired ability of peripheral insulin to trigger ribosomal S6 phosphorylation or PIP3 production in AgRP neurons lacking IGF-1Rs. In summary, these data suggest that attenuation of IGF-1Rs signaling in the MBH, and specifically in AgRP neurons, can phenocopy impaired regulation of HGP as previously demonstrated in mice lacking InsRs in these cells, suggesting a previously unappreciated role for IGF-1Rs and/or HybridRs in the regulation of central insulin/IGF-1 signaling on glucose metabolism.
Aqueous biphase formation in polyethylene oxide-inorganic salt systems (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAqueous biphase formation in polyethylene oxide-inorganic salt systemsK. P. Ananthapadmanabhan and E. D. GoddardCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 1, 25–31Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00073a005https://doi.org/10.1021/la00073a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1258Altmetric-Citations227LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts