gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Current Chemical and Stereochemical Tests for the Identification and Differentiation of Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. (Geraniaceae) Essential Oils: Analytical Data for (-)-(1 S, 4R, 5 S)-Guaia-6,9-diene and (-)-(7 R,10 S)-10-epi--Eudesmol (2014)

Commercial geranium oil samples, steam-distilled oils of authenticated plant samples, and a reference sample were investigated by GC/MS to determine the validity and applicability of a series of chemical and stereochemical tests that have been proposed in the literature to identify the country of origin, phytochemical identity or authenticity of geranium oils. The chemical tests evaluated include the ratio of the concentrations of geraniol to citronellol and the presence or absence of certain sesquiterpenes, viz ., (-)- guaia-6,9-diene and (-)-10- epi-�-eudesmol. The stereochemical tests include the stereochemical distribution of i) citronellol, ii) menthone and isomenthone, and iii) rose oxides. The most reliable chemical test was the presence or absence of the sesquiterpene probes. The stereochemical tests proved to be less reliable. Most of the tests could be used to classify geranium oils into general types; however, none of the tests provided a foolproof method to distinguish cultivars or country of origin. During this study, the ambiguity in the absolute stereochemistry of (-)-10-epi-�- eudesmol and (-)-guaia-6,9-diene was addressed, and these two sesquiterpenes could serve as effective markers for the authentication of P. graveolens essential oils.
Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease in Indians Younger Than 40 Years (2012)

Background: Indians have highest risk rates of coronary artery 			disease (CAD) amongst all ethnic groups. The impact of metabolic 			syndrome (MS) has not been studied, especially in the young. This 			study analyzes the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its various 			components in young Indians with CAD.  Methods : 			The study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital in New 			Delhi. A retrospective case record analysis of 403 patients 			presenting acutely with young (age less than or equal to 40 year) CAD during the period Jan 2005 - Dec 2009 was done. The 			criterion advocated by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 			consensus 2005 was used for diagnosing patients with MS. The data 			was then used to find the prevalence of derangement of various 			metabolic parameters in all patients and in those with MS. 			Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v.17. Results: Patients 			(246) were selected for study. Metabolic syndrome was present in 66 			patients (26.8%). In patients with young CAD low HDL was found in 			171 (69.5%), raised triglycerides 103 patients (41.9%), hypertension 			in 55 patients (22.4%) and impaired fasting glucose / diabetes mellitus in 54 			patients (21.9%); 187 (75.6 %) patients had history of smoking; 64 			patients (26.0%) had a family history of young cardiovascular 			disorders; 13 females out of 28 (46.4%) and 53 males out of 218 			(24.3%) met criteria for diagnosis of MS. Prevalence of MS in 			females was significantly more than males (P less than 0.02). Among 66 patients diagnosed with MS, low HDL was seen in 52 			patients (78.8%), raised triglycerides in 49 patients (74.2%), 			hypertension in 36 patients (54.5%) and dysglycemia in 35 patients 			(53.0%); 47 patients (71.2%) had history of smoking. A positive 			family history of premature cardiovascular disorders was present in 			26 patients (39.4%). Among patients with young CAD, prevalence of 			smoking was more in males compared to female patients (P  less than 0.005) whereas hypertension and obesity in were noted more often in 			female patients (P  less than 0.005). Conclusions: This 			study confirms a high prevalence of MS in patients with young CAD. 			This study also underlies the importance of smoking and dyslipidemia 			as primary targets for effective prevention of CAD and MS in young 			Indians. doi:10.4021/jem81e
Assessing Security in Energy-Efficient Sensor Networks (2003)

In this paper, we describe why current research in ad hoc networks requires an effective assessment framework, and how our system profile proposal can be used for the purpose. With this tool at hand, we have managed to carve out manageable design spaces from the seemingly infinite possibilities of ad hoc mobile wireless networks.
Detecting Path Anomalies in Time Series Data on Networks (2019)

The unsupervised detection of anomalies in time series data has important applications, e.g., in user behavioural modelling, fraud detection, and cybersecurity. Anomaly detection has been extensively studied in categorical sequences, however we often have access to time series data that contain paths through networks. Examples include transaction sequences in financial networks, click streams of users in networks of cross-referenced documents, or travel itineraries in transportation networks. To reliably detect anomalies we must account for the fact that such data contain a large number of independent observations of short paths constrained by a graph topology. Moreover, the heterogeneity of real systems rules out frequency-based anomaly detection techniques, which do not account for highly skewed edge and degree statistics. To address this problem we introduce a novel framework for the unsupervised detection of anomalies in large corpora of variable-length temporal paths in a graph, which provides an efficient analytical method to detect paths with anomalous frequencies that result from nodes being traversed in unexpected chronological order.
Loss of ezrin in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is associated with ectopic expression of E‐cadherin (2016)

Ezrin is down-regulated during cholangiocarcinogenesis, and its loss results in a more aggressive phenotype.
Purification and characterization of angiotensin II AT2 receptors from neonatal rat kidney. (1993)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) AT2 receptors were purified 40,000-fold to a nearly homogeneous state after solubilization from neonatal rat kidney membranes with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propane-sulfonic acid. Comparable IC50 values for the soluble extract (0.32 nM) and membranes (0.31 nM) were obtained by competition curves with 125I-labeled CGP42112, a selective AT2 ligand. Binding to AT2 receptors in the soluble extract was not sensitive to dithiothreitol. AT2 receptors were further purified by gel filtration and a CGP42112 Sepharose affinity column. Ang II AT2 receptors were selectively eluted with 5 microM CGP42112 at 4 degrees C, and a single band with an apparent molecular mass of 71 kDa was obtained after SDS/PAGE. Two-dimensional electrophoresis confirmed the purity of the protein and an isoelectric point of 5.3-5.5 was obtained. A highly selective elution of the AT2 receptors from the affinity column was performed with 5 nM 125I-labeled CGP42112 at room temperature after the column was treated with 1 microM losartan in the presence of high salt. After cross-linking, a major labeled protein with similar molecular mass and isoelectric point was obtained. Dissociation of the radiolabeled protein was insensitive to losartan but was enhanced by CGP42112, PD123177, Ang II, and [Sar1]Ang II. In summary, Ang II AT2 receptors were purified by CGP42112 affinity chromatography and selective elution and retain the pharmacological specificity of particulate receptors.
Circadian rhythms of cyanobacteria: monitoring the biological clocks of individual colonies by bioluminescence (1994)

Reproducible circadian rhythms of bioluminescence from individual colonies of cyanobacteria (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942) has been observed. Phenotypic monitoring of colonies on agar plates will enable us to genetically analyze the molecular mechanism of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria by screening for clock mutants. By the introduction of a bacterial luciferase gene, we previously developed a transformed cyanobacterial strain (AMC149) that expresses luciferase as a bioluminescent reporter of the circadian clock. In liquid culture, AMC149 expresses a rhythm of bioluminescence that displays the same behavior as circadian rhythms in higher eukaryotes. Improvements in the technique for administering the reporter enzyme's substrate (decanal) and a highly sensitive photon-counting camera allow monitoring the bioluminescence of single colonies. Individual colonies on agar plates displayed a rhythmicity which is essentially the same as that previously reported for liquid cultures.
Diamond lasers based on stimnlated scattering (2019)

Laser action in diamond via stimulated scattering provides a pathway to access the extreme properties of diamond for laser beam generation. Since the first demonstrations of Raman lasers using CVD-grown diamond about 10 years ago, there has been rapid progress in understanding the basic optical properties of this extreme material and its range of capability. This presentation will review the latest developments and highlight future directions of outstanding promise including high-power single longitudinal mode lasers and Brillouin laser action.
Metal Nanoparticles with Liquid‐Crystalline Ligands: Controlling Nanoparticle Superlattice Structure and Properties (2014)

Nanoparticle ordered aggregates are promising candidates for future application in a variety of sensing, optical and electronic technologies, mainly based on collective interactions between individual nano-building blocks. Physicochemical properties of such assemblies depend on nanoparticle spacing, therefore a lot of effort throughout the last years was put on development of assembly methods allowing control over aggregates structure. In this minireview we describe efficient self-assembly process based on the utilization of liquid-crystalline ligands grafted onto nanoparticle surface. We show strategies used to synthesize liquid-crystalline nanoparticles as well as discuss parameters influencing structural and thermal characteristic of aggregates. It is also demonstrated that the liquid-crystalline approach offers access to dynamic self-assembly and metamaterials with anisotropic plasmonic properties, which makes this strategy unique among others.
Grasping force control of multi-fingered robot hand based on slip detection using tactile sensor (2008)

To achieve a human like grasping with a multi- fingered robot hand, the grasping force should be controlled without using information from the grasped object such as its weight and friction coefficient. In this study, we propose a method for detecting the slip of a grasped object using the force output of Center of Pressure (CoP) tactile sensors. CoP sensors can measure the center position of a distributed load and the total load applied on the surface of the sensor, within 1 ms. These sensors are arranged on the fingers of the robot hand, and their effectiveness as slip detecting sensors is confirmed in tests of slip detection during grasping. Finally, we propose a method for controlling grasping force to resist tangential force applied to the grasped object using a feedback control system with the CoP sensor force output.
Near Neighbor Search in Large Metric Spaces (1995)

Given user data, one often wants to find approximate matches in a large database. A good example of such a task is finding images similar to a given image in a large collection of images. We focus on the important and technically difficult case where each data element is high dimensional, or more generally, is represented by a point in a large metric spaceand distance calculations are computationally expensive. In this paper we introduce a data structure to solve this problem called a GNAT- Geometric Near-neighbor Access Tree. It is based on the philosophy that the data structure should act as a hierarchical geometrical model of the data as opposed to a simple decomposition of the data that does not use its intrinsic geometry. In experiments, we find that GNAT’s outperform previous data structures in a number of applications.
A New Initiative - Environmental Engineering at the University of New South Wales (1990)

This paper explains the role of a new course in Environmental Engineering introduced in the University of New South Wales. The past two decades have seen a profound change in society's concern for the environment. This concern covers a multitude of issues ranging from those of a global scale such as Greenhouse and the population explosion (possibly the ultimate environmental problem) to local issues such as wastewater disposal and preservation of the natural habitat. The new course in Environmental Engineering at the University of New South Wales commences in 1991 and aims to develop an engineer with a sound background in the physical sciences but who also has broad understanding of environmental processes and issues.
Wire-grid THz polarizers manufactured by laser micromachining of metal films on a polymer membrane (2011)

A new method for manufacturing wire grid polarizers and potentially other components for THz spectral range is demonstrated. The process is based on cold ablation of thin metal films on a polymer membrane, using an ultrafast fiber laser system.
Multi-scale approach for the electromagnetic modelling of MEMS-controlled reflectarrays (2006)

A new approach, named the scale changing technique, is performed here for the electromagnetic modelling of reflect arrays controlled by radio-frequency micro- electromechanical switches. Based on the partition of the reflectarray surface in planar sub-domains with various scale levels, this technique derives the phase- shift dynamics from the simple cascade of networks, each network describing the electromagnetic coupling between two scale levels. Higher-order modes allow the accurate representation of the electromagnetic field local variation while lower-order modes are used for coupling the various scales.
Plant cell packs: a scalable platform for recombinant protein production and metabolic engineering (2019)

Industrial plant biotechnology applications include the production of sustainable fuels, complex metabolites and recombinant proteins, but process development can be impaired by a lack of reliable and scalable screening methods. Here, we describe a rapid and versatile expression system which involves the infusion of Agrobacterium tumefaciens into three-dimensional, porous plant cell aggregates deprived of cultivation medium, which we have termed plant cell packs (PCPs). This approach is compatible with different plant species such as Nicotiana tabacum BY2, Nicotiana benthamiana or Daucus carota and 10-times more effective than transient expression in liquid plant cell culture. We found that the expression of several proteins was similar in PCPs and intact plants, for example, 47 and 55 mg/kg for antibody 2G12 expressed in BY2 PCPs and N. tabacum plants respectively. Additionally, the expression of specific enzymes can either increase the content of natural plant metabolites or be used to synthesize novel small molecules in the PCPs. The PCP method is currently scalable from a microtiter plate format suitable for high-throughput screening to 150-mL columns suitable for initial product preparation. It therefore combined the speed of transient expression in plants with the throughput of microbial screening systems. Plant cell packs therefore provide a convenient new platform for synthetic biology approaches, metabolic engineering and conventional recombinant protein expression techniques that require the multiplex analysis of several dozen up to hundreds of constructs for efficient product and process development.
Histochemical demonstration of monocarboxylate transporters in mouse brown adipose tissue (2009)

Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are essential for the transport of lactate, ketone bodies, and other monocarboxylates through the plasma membrane. The present immunohistochemical study aimed to examine the expression of MCTs in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of mice. An intense immunoreactivity for MCT1 was found in the plasma membrane of brown adipose cells at light and electron microscopic levels but not in white adipose cells. The expression of MCT1 in BAT was confirmed by Western blot and in situ hybridization analyses. In fetuses (E17.5) and neonates, the MCT1 mRNA expression of BAT was abundant and appeared more intense than that in adult animals. These results, together with the intense expression of CD147 (a functional partner of MCTs) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase-2 (a component of fatty acid oxidation) in perinatal periods, suggest the involvement of MCT1 in the uptake of monocarboxylates from the circulation for thermogenesis rather than lipogenesis.
A novel and simple fabrication method of embedded SU-8 micro channels by direct UV lithography (2006)

In this paper, we presents a novel and simple method to fabricate embedded micro channels. The method based on different light absorption properties of the SU-8 thick photoresist under different incident UV wavelengths. The channel structures are defined by the ordinary I-line, while the cover layer is patterned by the deep UV. Because the deep UV is obtained directly on the same aligner with a set of filter mirrors, the embedded channel can be easily produced without other rare facilities. Besides, the relationship between the thickness of the top layer and the exposure dose of the deep UV has been measured by an ingeniously designed experiment. The specific thickness of the top layer of the embedded micro channel can then be secured by the specific deep-UV exposure dose. Further more, many meaningful mechanical structures have been realized by this method, the material property of the top layer are also measured.
Supercritical Fluids in Chromatography (2020)

This chapter presents general information on packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (pSFC) and capillary supercritical fluid chromatography (cSFC). It reviews the application of SFC to analytical scale separations of petroleum related compounds. Simulated distillation (SIMDIST) is used in the petroleum industry to provide the hydrocarbon distribution of the sample in weight percent versus the boiling range of the fraction for many types of samples, feeds, and cuts treated in refining and conversion processes. SIMDIST analysis requires a calibration curve between the boiling point of normal paraffins and their elution temperature. Group-type analysis consists of the separation of petroleum samples into families of hydrocarbons, such as saturates, olefins, aromatics, and resins. SFC can be used for group type separations of middle distillates and heavy fractions. Packed capillary column technology has been used to characterize ethoxylated surfactant materials with SFC. Polar modifiers have also been used with packed capillary columns for the analysis of surfactants.
The Bionic Man (2008)

When I hear the phrase “human-implantable electronics,” I must confess that I feel a bit queasy. It conjures up a more extreme image of pervasive computing than is usually justified. However, putting my emotional reaction aside, when I think about the possibilities of implantable technology, it actually begins to sound pretty cool.
Effects of Protonation on Tetradecyldimethylamine Oxide Micelles (2000)

Solution and surface properties of tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (C14DAO) aqueous solutions were examined and compared with those of dodecyldimethylamine oxide (C12DAO). The following two important behaviors of C12DAO were both observed with C14DAO in the present study. (1) The cmc of the cationic species, cmc+, was lower than that of the nonionic species cmc0 in the range of NaCl concentration Cs higher than about 0.2 M. (2) The micelle size was the largest at about 1:1 composition. On the other hand, the following three important aspects different from C12DAO were found for C14DAO. (1) Values of pKM were greater by 0.4−0.5 than those of C12DAO at three NaCl concentrations Cs examined. This finding is quantitatively explained in terms of different shapes of the two nonionic micelles. (2) The monomer concentration evaluated from the hydrogen ion titration with the Gibbs−Duhem relation differed from the cmc. This difference gave the concentration dependence of the regular solution theory parameter β. (3) At the composition of 1:1 (αM = 0.5), the cooperative diffusion mode was observed in the dynamic light scattering indicative of entanglement of long micelles. The mesh size was about 10 nm. The following quantitative differences were also observed. (1) The salting-out constant, (−d log cmc0/dCs), was 0.40 M-1 (0.32 M-1 for C12DAO). (2) The slope d log cmc+/d log(counterion concentration) in the range Cs < 1 M was 0.71 (0.64 for C12DAO). (3) The dependence of the cmc on pH at 0.1 M NaCl was approximately described in terms of the regular solution theory with the parameter β = −1.4 ± 0.2, which is less negative than that of C12DAO (β = −2.12).
Co-phosphorylation networks reveal subtype-specific signaling modules in breast cancer (2020)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Review of Current Knowledge of Resistance Aspects for the Next-Generation Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Fungicides (2013)

The new broad-spectrum fungicides from the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) class have been quickly adopted by the market, which may lead to a high selection pressure on various pathogens. Cases of resistance have been observed in 14 fungal pathogens to date and are caused by different mutations in genes encoding the molecular target of SDHIs, which is the mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme. All of the 17 marketed SDHI fungicides bind to the same ubiquinone binding site of the SDH enzyme. Their primary biochemical mode of action is the blockage of the TCA cycle at the level of succinate to fumarate oxidation, leading to an inhibition of respiration. Homology models and docking simulations explain binding behaviors and some peculiarities of the cross-resistance profiles displayed by different members of this class of fungicides. Furthermore, cross-resistance patterns among SDHIs is complex because many mutations confer full cross resistance while others do not. The nature of the mutations found in pathogen populations varies with species and the selection compound used but cross resistance between all SDHIs has to be assumed at the population level. In most of the cases where resistance has been reported, the frequency is still too low to impact field performance. However, the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee has developed resistance management recommendations for pathogens of different crops in order to reduce the risk for resistance development to this class of fungicides. These recommendations include preventative usage, mixture with partner fungicides active against the current pathogen population, alternation in the mode of action of products used in a spray program, and limitations in the total number of applications per season or per crop.
View invariant human action recognition using fourier-based and radon-based point cloud analysis (2014)

Human action recognition has been one of the most challenging topics in computer vision during the last decade. This paper presents a novel approach for recognizing view independent human actions based on analysis of Fourier transform and Radon transform of self similarity matrix of features obtained from the action. The proposed feature descriptor is extracted from human point cloud over the time and is based on the key idea that some parts of human body which have a longer distance from the body center are more discriminative for human action recognition purposes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with the experiments on i3DPost dataset.