gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Patellar Resurfacing Versus Nonresurfacing in Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty (1990)

Twenty-five patients who received bilateral total knee prostheses were studied to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of patellar resurfacing. Only patients with advanced patellofemoral disease were included in the study. In all patients, patellar resurfacing had been done in the right knee but not in the left knee. The DePuy porous-coated implant was used in all cases. Subjective criteria were compared with objective criteria, which included range of motion, knee flexion and extension, and roentgenographic evaluation. The findings in this study suggest that patellar resurfacing can offer the patient a superior knee with regard to pain relief and strength.
Towards Automated Condition Monitoring of Blowout Preventer Wellbore Packers (2018)

According to Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), in 2017 a total of 45 out of 59 rigs operating in the Gulf of Mexico reported component failures of well control related equipment. The aftermath of the oil spill from the Deepwater Horizon rig provides stark illustration that acceptance of the equipment failure status quo is untenable. In this work, the authors propose novel automated strategies to monitor the health of blowout preventers (BOPs) on offshore drilling rigs. Using physicsbased models, we demonstrate computational detection of pressure tests by identifying characteristic features in timeseries pressure data. After detection, we present a methodology for extracting features relevant for prognostic health monitoring, including pressure decay and hold durations. Augmenting these computational models with domain knowledge from BOP experts, we produce health indices (HIs) for the respective equipment as the output. In addition, we demonstrate the optimized enumeration and identification of possible pressure test plans for BOPs in different combinatorial configurations. By combining our novel detection approach with health indices and automated test planning, this work contributes to prediction and amelioration of well control equipment failures on offshore drilling rigs.
COMPARISON OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND THERMAL RESPONSES IN RATS EXPOSED TO MILLIMETER WAVE ENERGY OR ENVIRONMENTAL HEAT (2006)

Electromagnetic fields at millimeter wave lengths are being developed for commercial and military use at power levels that can cause temperature increases in the skin. Previous work suggests that sustained exposure to millimeter waves causes greater heating of skin, leading to faster induction of circulatory failure than exposure to environmental heat (EH). We tested this hypothesis in three separate experiments by comparing temperature changes in skin, subcutis, and colon, and the time to reach circulatory collapse (mean arterial blood pressure, 20 mmHg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the following conditions that produced similar rates of body core heating within each experiment: (1) EH at 42 degrees C, 35 GHz at 75 mW/cm, or 94 GHz at 75 mW/cm under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia; (2) EH at 43 degrees C, 35 GHz at 90 mW/cm, or 94 GHz at 90 mW/cm under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia; and (3) EH at 42 degrees C, 35 GHz at 90 mW/cm, or 94 GHz at 75 mW/cm under isoflurane anesthesia. In all three experiments, the rate and amount of temperature increase at the subcutis and skin surface differed significantly in the rank order of 94 GHz more than 35 GHz more than EH. The time to reach circulatory collapse was significantly less only for rats exposed to 94 GHz at 90 mW/cm, the group with the greatest rate of skin and subcutis heating of all groups in this study, compared with both the 35 GHz at 90 mW/cm and the EH at 43 degrees C groups. These data indicate that body core heating is the major determinant of induction of hemodynamic collapse, and the influence of heating of the skin and subcutis becomes significant only when a certain threshold rate of heating of these tissues is exceeded.
Improving the Classification Accuracy in Label-Free Flow Cytometry Using Event-Based Vision and Simple Logistic Regression (2023)

Event-based cameras are novel bio-inspired vision sensors that do not follow the mechanism of traditional frame-based cameras. In the field of data acquisition, the replacement of CMOS cameras with event-based cameras has proved to enhance the accuracy of machine learning methods in situations where critical lighting conditions and rapid dynamics are paramount. In this paper, we investigate for the first time the use of extreme learning machines on data coming from event-based cameras in the context of flow cytometry. Except for the image sensor, the experimental setup is similar to a setup we used in (Lugnan et al., 2020) where we showed that a simple linear classifier can achieve around 10% error rate on background-subtracted cell frames. Here, we show that the the error rate of this simple imaging flow cytometer could be decreased to less than 2% just by making use of the capabilities of an event camera. Moreover, additional benefits like more sensitivity and efficient memory usage are gained. Finally, we suggest further possible improvements to the experimental setup used to record events from flowing micro-particles allowing for more accurate and stable cellx sorting.
Computing Capture Tubes (2016)

Many mobile robots such as wheeled robots, boats, or plane are described by nonholonomic differential equations. As a consequence, they have to satisfy some differential constraints such as having a radius of curvature for their trajectory lower than a known value. For this type of robots, it is difficult to prove some properties such as the avoidance of collisions with some moving obstacles. This is even more difficult when the initial condition is not known exactly or when some uncertainties occur. This paper proposes a method to compute an enclosure (a tube) for the trajectory of the robot in situations where a guaranteed interval integration cannot provide any acceptable enclosures. All properties that are satisfied by the tube (such as the non-collision) will also be satisfied by the actual trajectory of the robot.
Physician bonding techniques surveyed. (1991)

Success in the health care marketplace depends largely on satisfaction of the needs of patients and their physicians. To assess the success of specific physician bonding techniques and compare them to results obtained in an institution-specific study, the author surveyed hospital-based members of the College in late 1990. The outcome of the latter survey is summarized in this article.
An overview of health-promoting compounds of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and the effect of processing (2012)

Broccoli offers many heath-promoting properties owing to its content of antioxidant and anticarcinogenic compounds. The concentration and bioavailability of polyphenols, glucosinolates, sulforaphane and selenium depend on plant biochemistry, cultivation strategy and type of processing. In this article, the main biochemical properties of broccoli are reviewed regarding their health-promoting effects. Additionally, the way these properties are affected by processing is discussed. Steaming and drying result in an apparent increment of sulforaphane content as well as antioxidant activity, most likely due to an increase of the extractability of antioxidants and sulforaphane. Freezing and boiling diminish polyphenols concentration, mainly due to volatilization and leaching into the cooking water. In view of these results, the optimization of broccoli processing in order to maximize the content of bioactive compounds should be possible. The effect of processing on selenium compounds has been poorly studied so far, and therefore this topic should be investigated in the future. Finally, the effect of operating conditions in different drying processes on the content of bioactive compounds in broccoli should be investigated in a greater depth.
Effect of diet and nonesterified fatty acid levels on global transcriptomic profiles in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells in early lactation dairy cows (2021)

After calving, lipid mobilization caused by increased nutrient demands for lactation leads to elevated circulating concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Excessive NEFA levels have previously been identified as a major risk factor for postpartum immunosuppression. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in global transcriptomic gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy cows offered different early lactation diets (high concentrate, n = 7; medium, n = 8; or low, n = 9) and with differing circulating levels of NEFA. Cows were classified as having NEFA concentrations of either <500 µM (low, n = 6), 500 to 750 µM (medium, n = 8) or >750 µM (high, n = 10) at 14 d in milk. Plasma urea concentrations were greater for cows on the high concentrate diet but β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose concentrations did not differ significantly between either dietary treatments or NEFA groups. Cows with high NEFA weighed more at drying off and suffered greater body condition score loss after calving. The PBMC were isolated at 14 d in milk, and RNA was extracted for RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression was analyzed with DESeq2 with q-value for false discovery rate control followed by Gene Ontology Enrichment. Although there were no differentially expressed genes associated with lactation diet, 304 differentially expressed genes were identified between cows with high and low circulating NEFA, with 118 upregulated and 186 downregulated. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis demonstrated that biological adhesion and immune system process were foremost among various PBMC functions which were altered relating to body defenses and immunity. High NEFA concentrations were associated with inhibited cellular adhesion function by downregulating 20 out of 26 genes (by up to 17-fold) related to this process. Medium NEFA concentrations altered a similar set of functions as high NEFA, but with smaller enrichment scores. Localization and immune system process were most significant, with biological adhesion ranking only eleventh. Our results demonstrated that increased circulating NEFA concentrations, but not diet, were associated with immune system processes in PBMC in early lactation cows. Leukocyte cell-to-cell adhesion was inhibited when the NEFA concentration exceeded 750 µM, which would reduce the efficiency of diapedesis and so contribute to decreased body defense mechanisms and predispose animals to infection.
Optimal Well Placement for Production Optimization (2007)

Abstract In the process of reservoir development, we always wish to drill wells at optimal locations so that more hydrocarbons can be extracted at a lower cost. Because well locations in a reservoir simulator are commonly treated as discrete variables, standard implementations of gradient based optimization is difficult so the optimization for this problem is normally done with a non-gradient based method such as the genetic algorithm. Here, we present a novel idea to convert the problem of optimizing on discrete variables into an optimization problem on continuous variables for the optimal well placement. The idea is to initialize the problem by putting a well in every grid-block and then optimize NPV. As the cost of "drilling a well" detracts from the NPV, when NPV is optimized some wells will be shutin (eliminated). For two very simple cases where the problem is to determine the optimal location of a water injection well, we show this problem formulation yields good results with a single injection well remaining after the optimization process.
Synthesis Within Multi‐Modal Systems (2001)

This chapter has sections titled: Introduction Natural Discourse with a Machine Data Summarisation Domain–Sensitive Database Retrieval The Growth of Multi–Media Applications The Future of Speech Generation Multi–Modal Speech Synthesis Conclusion Acknowledgements References
Delipidation of mammalian Atg8-family proteins by each of the four ATG4 proteases (2018)

During macroautophagy/autophagy, mammalian Atg8-family proteins undergo 2 proteolytic processing events. The first exposes a COOH-terminal glycine used in the conjugation of these proteins to lipids on the phagophore, the precursor to the autophagosome, whereas the second releases the lipid. The ATG4 family of proteases drives both cleavages, but how ATG4 proteins distinguish between soluble and lipid-anchored Atg8 proteins is not well understood. In a fully reconstituted delipidation assay, we establish that the physical anchoring of mammalian Atg8-family proteins in the membrane dramatically shifts the way ATG4 proteases recognize these substrates. Thus, while ATG4B is orders of magnitude faster at processing a soluble unprimed protein, all 4 ATG4 proteases can be activated to similar enzymatic activities on lipid-attached substrates. The recognition of lipidated but not soluble substrates is sensitive to a COOH-terminal LIR motif both in vitro and in cells. We suggest a model whereby ATG4B drives very fast priming of mammalian Atg8 proteins, whereas delipidation is inherently slow and regulated by all ATG4 homologs.
Nitric Oxide and Ionizing Radiation Synergistically Promote Apoptosis and Growth Inhibition of Cancer by Activating p53 (2004)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent tumor radiosensitizer; however, its clinical use is limited by systemic side effects. We have demonstrated previously that gene transfer of the human inducible NO synthase (iNOS) gene into tumor cells and tumors induces high-output NO production that significantly enhances tumor radioresponsiveness, with no observed side effects. Notably, iNOS gene transfer enhances tumor radioresponsiveness via apoptotic cell death. Because NO and ionizing radiation are both known to promote p53-dependent apoptosis, we hypothesized that p53 activation might be a primary mechanism for the synergy of these two genotoxic stresses. We report that NO and ionizing radiation synergistically activate p53 in colorectal cancers grown in athymic mice by augmenting phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15. The effect of NO and ionizing radiation on tumor cell apoptosis and tumor radioresponsiveness is significantly reduced in p53 knockout isogenic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the transfer of both p53 and iNOS genes into tumor cells lacking functional p53 enhanced their radioresponsiveness more than transfer of either gene alone.
OPTIMAL SYSTOLIC ARRAYS FOR REAL-TIME IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODIFIED COVARIANCE SPECTRAL ESTIMATOR (1997)

The Modified Covariance method of spectral estimation, proposed as a replacement of the conventional short term Fourier transform for use with pulsed Doppler ultrasound blood flow detectors in order to improve time/frequency resolution, is computationally far more demanding. The use of an application specific architecture for real-time implementation is of interest. A cost/benefit selection of systolic arrays, firstly for a matrix solution method with suitable bus width and secondly for calculation of covariance matrix elements, led to the choice of Cholesky matrix decomposition, 12 bit bus width and a bi-linear systolic array designed using a data dependence graph method.
Effects of radiation on fixation of non-cemented porous-coated implants in a canine model. (1990)

A non-weight-bearing porous-coated rod was implanted bilaterally in the proximal part of the humerus in thirty-five adult male mongrel dogs. In all of the animals, one limb was treated with radiation and the opposite limb served as the control. In twenty-one animals, the dose was 1000 centigrays (rads) and in fourteen, it was 500 centigrays. The strength of fixation and the volume fraction of ingrowth of bone were determined two, four, and eight weeks after the operation in the group that received 1000 centigrays and two and four weeks after the operation in the group that received 500 centigrays. Treatment with 500 centigrays had no significant effect on the strength of fixation or the amount of ingrowth of bone. In contrast, at two weeks, treatment with 1000 centigrays had reduced the strength of fixation to 50 per cent of the control value (p less than 0.01), although, at four and eight weeks, the strength of fixation was not significantly different than that in the control limb. The amount of ingrowth of bone in the irradiated limb was significantly reduced at two weeks (30 per cent of the control value) (p less than 0.01), four weeks (70 per cent of the control value) (p less than 0.05), and eight weeks (56 per cent of the control value) (p less than 0.05).
An improved DC recovery method from AC coefficients of DCT-transformed images (2010)

Motivated by the work of Uehara et al. [1], an improved method to recover DC coefficients from AC coefficients of DCT-transformed images is investigated in this work, which finds applications in cryptanalysis of selective multimedia encryption. The proposed under/over-flow rate minimization (FRM) method employs an optimization process to get a statistically more accurate estimation of unknown DC coefficients, thus achieving a better recovery performance. It was shown by experimental results based on 200 test images that the proposed DC recovery method significantly improves the quality of most recovered images in terms of the PSNR values and several state-of-the-art objective image quality assessment (IQA) metrics such as SSIM and MS-SSIM.
A review of randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of hand held computers with paper methods for data collection (2006)

Handhelds are an effective alternative to paper and pencil modes of data collection; they are faster and were preferred by most users.
Ribbon Like Appearance of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: The Confirmation. (2015)

Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remains controversial. The double bundle ACL anatomical description remains the most accepted and used nowadays. In 2012, Smigielski et al. proposed a new anatomical concept: the ribbon-like structure of the ACL. The aim of this anatomical study was to verify this new concept and analyze the torsion of the ACL fibers.
Phase-separated microstructures in “all-acrylic” thermoplastic elastomers (2001)

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is used to study the phase separation process occurring in block copolymers in the solid state. Measuring simultaneously the amplitude and the phase of the oscillating cantilever in tapping-mode operation provides the surface topography along with the cartography of microdomains with different mechanical properties. This in turn allows to characterize the organization of the various components at the surface in terms of well-defined morphologies (e.g., spheres, cylinders, or lamellae). Here this approach is applied to a series of symmetric triblock copolymers made of a central elastomeric segment (polyalkylacrylate) surrounded by two thermoplastic sequences (polymethylmethacrylate). The occurrence of microphase separation in these materials and the resulting microscopic morphology are essential factors for determining their potential applications as a new class of thermoplastic elastomers. This paper describes how the surface morphology can be controlled by the molecular structure of the copolymers (volume ratio between the sequences, molecular weight, length of the alkyl side group) and by the experimental conditions used for the preparation of the films. The molecular structure of the chains is fully determined by the synthesis of the copolymers via living anionic polymerization while the parameters that can be modified when preparing the samples are the nature of the solvent and the thermal annealing of the films. Finally, we report on a systematic comparison between images and approach-retract curve data. We show that this experimental comparison allows the origin of the contrast that produces the image to be straightforwardly evaluated. The method provides an unambiguous quantitative measurement of the contribution of the local mechanical response to the image. We show that most of the contrast in the height and phase images is due to variations in local mechanical properties and not in topography.
WASPNET - a wavelength switched photonic network for telecommunication transport (1998)

WASPNET is an EPSRC-funded collaboration between Strathclyde, Essex, and Bristol Universities, with the aim of designing a flexible packet-based transport network. It supports both conventional optical paths for the transport of SDH and also switches optical packets, thus providing a smooth upgrade path from SDH over WDM while still supporting legacy SDH equipment. A key feature of this network is the use of multiple wavelengths to help resolve packet contention and hence reduce the size of optical buffers that are required. This is advantageous since large optical buffers will be expensive and difficult to build. This paper describes some of the developments in WASPNET. Two possible control architectures have been studied, namely scattered wavelength path (SCWP) and shared wavelength path (SHWP). SCWP is the most suitable as it can distribute the load more efficiently and it requires a lower buffer size. Two possible node designs are then addressed; one based on feedback delays and one on feed forward delays, followed by a description of the sub-system components and their advantages and limitations. Finally the decoding of subcarrier modulated headers is covered. (6 pages)
N-glycoproteomics: mass spectrometry-based glycosylation site annotation (2012)

Glycosylations are ubiquitous and, in many cases, essential protein modifications. Yet comprehensive and detailed analysis of glycosylations on a proteome-wide scale is a daunting and still unsolved challenge. However, a common workflow has emerged over the last decade for large-scale N-glycosylation site annotation by application of proteomic methodology. Thereby, the qualitative and quantitative assessment of hundreds or thousands of modification sites is enabled. This review presents a short overview about common enrichment techniques and glycosylation site detection for N-glycopeptides, including benefits and challenges of analysis.
A Cascaded Control Concept for Modular Multilevel Converters with Capacitor Voltage Estimation using a Kalman Filter (2019)

An approach to estimate the submodule capacitor voltages in a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is presented and realized in a hardware test setup. One disadvantage of the MMC topology is the high communication and measurement effort. As the submodule voltages are being estimated, the measurement effort as well as the communication effort between the submodules and the main controller hardware is significantly reduced. Thereby, the reliability of the system also increases. In the hardware test setup, it is verified that using a notch filter in the feedback path of the energy control loop significantly decreases unwanted AC components of the circulating currents within the MMC. Subsequently the current stress as well as the conduction and switching losses in the semiconductors can be minimized. Furthermore, the dynamic performance of the capacitor voltage estimation and control scheme was analyzed via hardware tests.
Loop-tree duality at two loops (2018)

We derive the loop-tree duality (LTD) theorem at two loops, and outline the extension of the four-dimensional unsubtraction (FDU)scheme for the computation of physical observables to NNLO.
Prognostic value of PUMA expression in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. (2015)

Our results suggest that PUMA expression is a novel prognostic indicator in HBV-related HCC and may be a potential target for diagnosis and gene therapy.
Highly stable electrical manipulation of reflective colors in colloidal crystals of sulfate iron oxide particles in organic media (2016)

We report the method for decorating charged functional groups on the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C nanoparticle and demonstrate reversible structural transition of suspension under external electric field with long term cyclic stability.