gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Telomerase Promotes the Self-Renewal of Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells but Does Not Maintain Telomere Length. (2005)

Abstract Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that adds telomeric sequences onto chromosome ends. During hematopoiesis, telomerase activity is high in proliferating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, but decreases sharply as cells differentiate. Approximately 90% of all human cancers are telomerase positive, including samples from AML patients. To understand the role of telomerase in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, and in the development of leukemia, we established stable long-term cultures expressing high levels of telomerase by retrovirus-mediated transduction of the h-TERT (catalytic subunit of telomerase) gene into AML1-ETO-expressing CD34+ (AE) cells. We have previously shown that these AE cells maintain CD34 expression and proliferate for 7 months in culture but gradually lose telomere length and are not immortal, providing a good model for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in telomere shortening. Strikingly, telomerase expression enhanced the self-renewal ability of the human hematopoietic progenitor cells, as shown by continuous replating ability in methylcellulose assays. We also detected a pronounced delay in the differentiation of the progenitor cells upon telomerase expression, and an expansion of the progenitor pool. Telomerase expression promoted proliferation due to increased cell cycle progression as well as a survival advantage. At the same time, these cells demonstrated a progressive decline in telomere length, despite telomerase activity equivalent to that detected in leukemia cell lines. We conclude that expression of hTERT expands the pool of hematopoietic progenitors but does not maintain long telomeres in human CD34+ cells. hTERT plays a critical role not only in telomere homeostasis for genetic stability but also in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, functions that may be part of hTERT involvement in leukemogenesis. These data open an important debate regarding the specific contribution of telomerase expression to the leukemic phenotype and the potential timing of this essential hit in the progression of the disease.
Gli atomi di Boltzmann (2002)

Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) è il fisico e matematico austriaco che negli ultimi decenni dell'Ottocento e ancora ai primi del Novecento lottò contro l'opinione dominante tra gli scienziati dell'epoca per affermare la teoria atomica della materia. È noto come con Albert Einstein e fino a oggi la fisica si sia sviluppata e abbia celebrato i propri trionfi lungo le linee anticipate da Boltzmann. La controversia con Mach non riguardava soltanto l'esistenza degli atomi, ma l'intero modo di fare fisica che Boltzmann non riteneva di dover limitare allo studio di quantità misurabili, introducendo invece spiegazioni più elaborate basate su ipotesi più ampie.
Screening of genetic and expression alterations of SRC1 gene in prostate cancer (2006)

Genetic alterations of SRC1 are rare in prostate cancer. The nuclear protein accumulation of SRC1 seems to be mildly increased in androgen ablation resistant prostate cancers. .
Plasma Levels of Enterolactone and Percentage Mammographic Density among Postmenopausal Women (2005)

In our study, higher levels of enterolactone were associated with slightly higher percentage mammographic density. Our results suggest that if higher enterolactone levels reduce the risk of developing breast cancer in postmenopausal women, then this effect is not through lowering mammographic density.
Asymmetric catalysis. 29. Optically active primary amines by enantioselective catalytic hydrosilylation of ketoximes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric catalysis. 29. Optically active primary amines by enantioselective catalytic hydrosilylation of ketoximesHenri. Brunner, Richard. Becker, and Sonja. GauderCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 4, 739–746Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00135a020https://doi.org/10.1021/om00135a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views639Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ammonia Synthesis from First‐Principles Calculations. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
GaN Power Amplifier Digital Predistortion by Multi-Objective Optimization for Maximum RF Output Power (2021)

While digital predistortion (DPD) usually targets only the linearity performance of the radio–frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA), this work addresses more than a single PA performance metric exploiting a multi-objective optimization approach. We present a predistorer learning procedure based on a constrained optimization algorithm that maximizes the RF output power, while guaranteeing a prescribed linearity level, i.e., a maximum normalized mean square error (NMSE) or adjacent-channel power ratio (ACPR). Experimental results on a Gallium Nitride (GaN) PA show that the proposed approach outperforms the classical indirect learning architecture (ILA), yet using the same predistorter structure with predetermined nonlinearity and memory orders.
Developing reverse logistics : case: developing return and reuse process in case organization (2010)

In this Master’s Thesis reverse logistics theory is studied and applied into practice in the case study. The case study consists of developing the case organization’s return and reuse process.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn short, reverse logistics is a process of moving goods, money and information goods from their typical destination to some other point in efficient, cost effective and timely manner and at the same time recapturing value. The theoretical framework covered reverse logistic process, inventory and information management, performance measuring and financial impacts of reverse logistics. The purpose of the theoretical framework was to support the case study, thus, theory was covered from that perspective.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe empirical part of this thesis consists of developing the return and reuse process in the case organization. The target was to develop an efficient and cost-effective return and reuse process. The purpose was to address the obstacles faced in the daily work and at the same time drive for efficiency. The case study included defining the problems, root cause analysis, development and implementation of solutions, and evaluation. The data was retrieved by group and individual interviews, participant observation and studying literature. In the case study the researcher acted as the problem owner and the team members participated actively. &#13;\n&#13;\nDue to accomplished changes, the return and reuse process is now effective and smooth. Fast decision making, prioritizing, process simplification, increased transparency, improved co-operation and awareness, and deeper understanding have been accomplished during the development. In the case organization an optimal reverse logistics process, when the items cannot be returned to the original vendor, is that the items are reused in original shape, meaning in unopened boxes, to the new customer orders within six months from return. In future, development is needed to combine approval processes, enable the system to support the return and reuse process, accomplish deeper co-operation within the company and continue negotiations with vendors.
Correlations of magnetic microstructure and anisotropy with noise spectra for CoNi and CoCrTa thin film media (1990)

The authors report on two thin-film-media alloys, Co/sub 86/Cr/sub 12/Ta/sub 2/ and Co/sub 75/Ni/sub 25/, which have very different noise characteristics. The magnetic microstructure of these films was observed with SEMPA (scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis). Anisotropy and rotational hysteresis loss measurements have been made using a torque magnetometer. The distribution of anisotropy field H/sub k/ and its width dH/sub k/ have also been measured along with its different normalized values. It is suggested that the observed magnetic microstructure can be directly correlated with measured readback noise and anisotropy differences.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cytomegalovirus-Specific Regulatory T Cells and their Role in Repetitive CMV Infections in Solid Organ Transplanted Patients (2012)

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after transplantation. Recently, we confirmed that adoptive transfer of autologous IE-1/pp65-specific T-cell lines was able to combat severe CMV disease; however, the control of CMV infection was only temporary. We hypothesized that CMV-induced regulatory T cells (iTreg) might be related to recurring/lasting CMV infection. Methods & Results: In fact, kidney transplant patients with recurring CMV infections expressed enhanced suppression on CMV-specific cytokine and proliferative response compared to patients with non-recurring CMV infections. Analysis of in vitro expanded CMV-specific T cells revealed that CD25highCD39+ T cells functionally suppress CD25low effector T cells (Teff) upon epitope-specific reactivation. Additionally to this functional evidence, we could demonstrate that CD25highCD39+ T cells belong to the peripherally induced subset of Tregs (iTregs), for several reasons: (1) they are Helios negative, (2) they express a methylated foxp3 locus in contrast to natural thymus-derived Tregs (nTregs), and (3) they share the same dominant TCR-Vβ-CDR3 clones with functionally distinct CD25low Teff indicating that Teff and iTreg can differentiate from one clone with specificity to the same viral epitope. Moreover, the same clones were present in freshly isolated CD4+CD25high and CD4+CD25low T cells suggesting their in vivo generation. In contrast to nTregs, in vitro expanded CMV-specific iTregs produce IFNg upon antigen-specific re-stimulation. However, they secrete low amounts of IL-2 and are able to suppress IL-2 responses of Teff cells, like nTregs. Therefore, we were interested whether the effector and/or immunoregulatory cytokine expression of CMV-specific iTregs is merely a transient ability modulated by in vitro culturing or, in contrast, is a stably imprinted phenotype inherited from progenitor cells. As epigenetic modifications are an inheritable basis for memory of cytokine expression, we analyzed the DNA methylation status of the respective promoters of CMV-specific T cells compared to nTregs. Preliminary results suggest that culturing of CMV-specific T cells with rapamycin actively maintained methylation of the IL-2 promoter, thus blocked IL-2 production. Additionally, the epigenetic control of IL-2 seems to be distinct in iTregs vs Teff cells. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings demonstrate that peripheral iTreg generation seems to be related to frequent antigen appearance and that the suppressive impact of CMV-specific iTregs is of importance for solid organ transplanted patients suffering from CMV infections. If the methylation status of cytokine promoters is a tool to further differentiate natural from induced Tregs remains to be investigated.
Variation of the electrochemical potential difference in a gravitational field (1987)

We have determined the variation of the electrochemical potential difference in a gravitational field, and the results agree to within 4% with the predictions of the Equivalence Principle (EP). Thus, EP has again been verified, but unlike previous experiments, this experiment involved charged particles. The results were obtained using a DC SQUID in which the two junctions were separated vertically by about 7 cms. The junctions, which were phase-locked to an external microwave source, acted as two very precise batteries. Because of the gravitational red-shift of the radiation, a voltage difference of 1:10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">17</sup> existed between these batteries, giving a net EMF in the SQUID loop in the absence of other effects of about 2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-21</sup> volts. The loop EMF determined by the rate of change of flux in the loop was however less than 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-22</sup> volts, thus demonstrating the additional variation in the potential difference due to the gravitational field.
Production of a Laccase and Decrease of the Phenolic Content in Canola Meal during the Growth of the Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus in Solid State Fermentation Processes (2004)

Abstract Solid state fermentation of canola meal was carried out with the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus DAOM 197961, which is a producer of laccase. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of moisture content, inoculum size, homogenisation of inoculum and particle size of canola meal on the growth of the fungus, the production of a laccase and the decrease of the content of sinapic acid esters (SAE) in a solid state process. The results showed that the optimum moisture content, which was varied in the media between 50% and 75%, for the growth and enzyme production was 60%. The initial rate of SAE content decrease was faster in the media with 70% and 75% moisture than in those with lower moisture levels. In the study of the effects of inoculum concentration in the range of 1.1 mg to 5.5 mg/g of the medium, it was found that larger amounts of biomass and enzyme were produced in the media with inoculum concentrations from 1.1 mg to 3.3 mg/g of the medium than in the media with a higher inoculum concentration. The final and approximately the same concentrations of SAE were reached at the same time regardless of the inoculum concentration. Considering that the fungus formed pellets under the conditions at which it was grown during the inoculum preparation, it was necessary to break them by homogenisation prior to their utilisation as an inoculum. The homogenisation was carried out during a period between 15&amp;#129;s and 200&amp;#129;s. Although higher biomass concentrations and enzyme activities were obtained in the media which were inoculated with the inoculum homogenised for 15&amp;#129;s and 30&amp;#129;s, the maximum enzyme activities and biomass concentrations were reached in the media inoculated with the inoculum, which was homogenised for 120&amp;#129;s and 200&amp;#129;s. The time of inoculum homogenisation did not influence the kinetics of the SAE decrease. When the effects of the particle size of canola meal on the process were studied, it was found that larger particles of the meal in the solid media were more favourable for the production of the biomass and enzyme, and for a faster decrease of the SAE content than those of smaller sizes. From the obtained results it can be concluded that the tested variables have a significant influence on the growth of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus DAOM 197961, the production of laccase and the decrease of the SAE content in canola meal. The data could be useful for the development of a solid state process for the production of laccase and for the decrease of the phenolics content in canola meal.
Dendritic synapse location and neocortical spike-timing-dependent plasticity (2010)

While it has been appreciated for decades that synapse location in the dendritic tree has a powerful influence on signal processing in neurons, the role of dendritic synapse location on the induction of long-term synaptic plasticity has only recently been explored. Here, we review recent work revealing how learning rules for spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) in cortical neurons vary with the spatial location of synaptic input. A common principle appears to be that proximal synapses show conventional STDP, whereas distal inputs undergo plasticity according to novel learning rules. One crucial factor determining location-dependent STDP is the backpropagating action potential, which tends to decrease in amplitude and increase in width as it propagates into the dendritic tree of cortical neurons. We discuss additional location-dependent mechanisms as well as the functional implications of heterogeneous learning rules at different dendritic locations for the organization of synaptic inputs.
3-D Eight-Port Ultrawideband Antenna Array for Diversity Applications (2016)

This letter presents an eight-port, multiple-polarization, ultrawideband (UWB) diversity antenna array. The unit-cell antenna is constructed from a basic square monopole antenna. With suitable modifications in the radiating plane and the ground plane, the unit-cell antenna is designed to operate between 2.9-12 GHz to cover the entire UWB range. The designed UWB radiator is then replicated within a small space to generate triple polarization. The proposed diversity antenna array consists of eight uncorrelated antennas, of which four are horizontally oriented and the remaining four are vertically oriented to achieve polarization diversity. Diversity performance metrics such as envelope correlation coefficient, apparent diversity gain, and effective diversity gain are evaluated and presented. The prototype diversity antenna is fabricated, and experimental results are presented.
CREAR EMPLEOS PARA JÓVENES, DESAFÍO EN EU (2013)

EN LOS ULTIMOS ANOS LA POBLACION ENTRE 18 Y 34 ANOS EN ESTADOS UNIDOS TUVO UN AUMENTO CONSIDERABLE, AL PASAR DE CERCA DE 61 MILLONES A MAS DE 80 MILLONES ENTRE 2009 Y 2011. LA CREACION DE EMPLEOS PARA LOS JOVENES CONSTITUYE EL RETO PRINCIPAL DE LA ECONOMIA DE ESA NACION, CONSIDERO SILVIA NUNEZ GARCIA, DIRECTORA DEL CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES SOBRE AMERICA DEL NORTE (CISAN).
Surveying Galaxy Evolution in the Far-Infrared: A Far-Infrared All-Sky Survey Concept (2004)

Half of the total luminosity in the Universe is emitted at rest wavelengths approximately 80-100 microns. At the highest known galaxy redshifts (z greater than or equal to 6) this energy is redshifted to approximately 600 microns. Quantifying the evolution of galaxies at these wavelengths is crucial to our understanding of the formation of structure in the Universe following the big bang. Surveying the whole sky will find the rare and unique objects, enabling follow-up observations. SIRCE, the Survey of Infrared Cosmic Evolution, is such a mission concept under study at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. A helium-cooled telescope with ultrasensitive detectors can image the whole sky to the confusion limit in 6 months. Multiple wavelength bands permit the extraction of photometric redshifts, while a large telescope yields a low confusion limit. We discuss the implications of such a survey for galaxy formation and evolution, large-scale structure, star formation, and the structure of interstellar dust.
An Islanding Detection Method for a Grid-Connected System Based on the Goertzel Algorithm (2011)

Islanding refers to a condition of a distributed generator (DG) in that it continues to power a location even though power from the grid is no longer present. This condition can be dangerous to grid workers who may not realize that the load is still powered even though there is no power from the grid. Adverse effects of islanding are low power quality, grid-protection interference, equipment damage, and personnel safety hazards. For these reasons, DG systems must detect an islanding condition and immediately stop producing power; this is referred to as anti-islanding. Islanding detection methods can be categorized into two major approaches: the passive and active methods. The passive methods are based on measurement of the natural effects of islanding. The active methods use intentional transients or harmonic effects. When the power generated by the DG matches the load power consumption, passive methods fail due to the small natural effects of islanding. Therefore, the passive methods have a nondetection zone (NDZ). The active methods can reduce the NDZ size. However, these methods reduce the grid power quality. In this paper, a novel anti-islanding method (AIM) is proposed. A single-phase DG using the proposed AIM injects the output current with a little harmonic current into the grid and monitors the harmonic components of the voltage at the point of common coupling using the Goertzel algorithm. The Goertzel algorithm is a kind of discrete Fourier transform. It extracts the magnitude and phase of the desired frequency from the input signal, with a minimum computation. The proposed islanding detection algorithm resolves the NDZ but also the bad effects on the grid power quality due to injecting harmonic components qualified by the interconnection standard. The proposed islanding detection method was verified using PSIM (see www.powersimtech.com) simulations and experimental results.
External susceptibility tensor of magnetized ferrite ellipsoid in terms of uniform-mode ellipticity (1971)

LEMA
Mismatch-Based Delayed Thrombolysis (2009)

Delayed thrombolysis amongst patients selected according to mismatch imaging is associated with increased reperfusion/recanalization. Recanalization/reperfusion is associated with improved outcomes. However, delayed thrombolysis in mismatch patients was not confirmed to improve clinical outcome, although a useful clinical benefit remains possible. Thrombolysis carries a significant risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and possibly increased mortality. Criteria to diagnose mismatch are still evolving. Validation of the mismatch selection paradigm is required with a phase III trial. Pending these results, delayed treatment, even according to mismatch selection, cannot be recommended as part of routine care.
Efficient THz radiation from a nanocrystalline silicon-based multi-layer photomixer (2009)

In this paper we propose a novel type of multiple-layer photomixer based on amorphous/nano-crystalline-Si. Such a device implies that it could be possible to enhance the conversion efficiency from optical power to THz emission by increasing the absorption length and by reducing the device overheating through the use of substrates with higher thermal conductivity compared to GaAs. Our calculations show that the output power from a two-layer Si-based photomixer is at least ten times higher than that from conventional LT-GaAs photomixers at 1 THz.
<italic>Semiconductor Lasers: Past, Present, and Future</italic> (1996)

Contents: 1. Quantum-Well Semiconductor Lasers. 2. Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Lasers. 3. Narrow-Linewidth Semiconductor Lasers. 4. Ultrashort Pulse Generation. 5. Surface-Emitting Semiconductor Lasers. 6. High-Power Semiconductor Lasers. 7. Visible Semiconductor Lasers. 8. Semiconductor Lasers with II-VI Materials. 9. Semiconductor Laser Amplifiers. 10. Applications of Semiconductor Lasers.