gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elevated GFAP induces astrocyte dysfunction in caudal brain regions: A potential mechanism for hindbrain involved symptoms in type II Alexander disease (2015)

Alexander Disease (AxD) is a "gliopathy" caused by toxic, dominant gain-of-function mutations in the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene. Two distinct types of AxD exist. Type I AxD affected individuals develop cerebral symptoms by 4 years of age and suffer from macrocephaly, seizures, and physical and mental delays. As detection and diagnosis have improved, approximately half of all AxD patients diagnosed have onset >4 years and brainstem/spinal cord involvement. Type II AxD patients experience ataxia, palatal myoclonus, dysphagia, and dysphonia. No study has examined a mechanistic link between the GFAP mutations and caudal symptoms present in type II AxD patients. We demonstrate that two key astrocytic functions, the ability to regulate extracellular glutamate and to take up K(+) via K+ channels, are compromised in hindbrain regions and spinal cord in AxD mice. Spinal cord astrocytes in AxD transgenic mice are depolarized relative to WT littermates, and have a three-fold reduction in Ba(2+) -sensitive Kir4.1 mediated currents and six-fold reduction in glutamate uptake currents. The loss of these two functions is due to significant decreases in Kir4.1 (>70%) and GLT-1 (>60%) protein expression. mRNA expression for KCNJ10 and SLC1A2, the genes that code for Kir4.1 and GLT-1, are significantly reduced by postnatal Day 7. Protein and mRNA reductions for Kir4.1 and GLT-1 are exacerbated in AxD models that demonstrate earlier accumulation of GFAP and increased Rosenthal fiber formation. These findings provide a mechanistic link between the GFAP mutations/overexpression and the symptoms in those affected with Type II AxD.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A KNOWLEDGE-BASED QUERY PROCESSOR (1993)

This paper deals with query processing using semantic knowledge in relational databases. The Select-Project-Join (SPJ) conjunctive class of queries are dealt with in this paper. We propose to optimize highly repetitive queries by using semantic transformations in addition to syntactic transformations. Thus, we generate a set of pre-optimized queries. This set contains queries that are semantically equivalent to, syntactically different from, and more efficient to process than the user queries that we started with. The issues we address in this paper are: how to map a user query to a query that is in the set of pre-optimized and already optimized queries, how to search efficiently through the set of pre-optimized queries and set of semantic rules, and how to incorporate new queries to the set of pre-optimized queries, so that the number of queries that can be optimized using this method increases with the passage of time. Furthermore, we suggest some ideas of handling queries that do not have any semantically equivalent counterpart in the set of pre-optimized queries. We have tested the performance of the proposed method. An algorithm for mapping is implemented in Prolog. A database schema is implemented in the INGRES database management system. We have adopted a database schema that is widely used for measuring performance in the semantic query optimization literature.
Large areas of periodic nanoholes perforated in multistacked films produced by lift-off (2008)

The authors report a low-cost and high-throughput method—nanosphere photolithography, for generating periodic subwavelength holes in metals/dielectrics. By combining the self-assembled and focus properties of micro-/nanospheres, the authors utilized the sphere arrays as lenses to produce large areas of nanopillars with a strong undercut in negative photoresist. Using lift-off with the nanopillars of photoresist, the authors demonstrate a large area of uniform nanoholes of as small as 50 nm in diameter at the bottom of ∼160 nm thick metal. The authors also show that the nanohole arrays can be generated in multistacked layers of different materials and these nanoholes can be processed with different sidewall shapes. The technique promises to be an alternative nanopatterning method that is simple, economical, fast, and flexible.
LightAnchors (2019)

Augmented reality requires precise and instant overlay of digital information onto everyday objects. We present our work on LightAnchors, a new method for displaying spatially-anchored data. We take advantage of pervasive point lights - such as LEDs and light bulbs - for both in-view anchoring and data transmission. These lights are blinked at high speed to encode data. We built a proof-of-concept ap-plication that runs on iOS without any hardware or software modifications. We also ran a study to characterize the performance of LightAnchors and built eleven example demos to highlight the potential of our approach.
Comparison of four molecular approaches to identify Candida parapsilosis complex species (2017)

Since the description of Candida orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis in 2005, several methods have been proposed to identify and differentiate these species from C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. Species-specific uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed and compared with sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the LSU 28S rDNA gene, microsatellite typing of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns in the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA gene. There was agreement between results of testing of 98 clinical isolates with the four PCR-based methods, with 59 isolates identified as C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, 37 as C. orthopsilosis, and two as C. metapsilosis.
Acupuncture and Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Pain Associated with Chronic Pancreatitis: A Randomized Study (1985)

In 23 patients with pancreatitis, daily pain for at least 3 months, and no abuse of alcohol, the pain-relieving effect of electroacupuncture (13 patients) or transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) (16 patients) was studied. In two prospective studies with a cross-over design, active acupuncture was compared with sham acupuncture, and TENS of the segmental points of the pancreas with sham treatment. Neither electroacupuncture nor TENS brought about pain relief that could substitute for or supplement medical treatment.
Defect in negative selection in lpr donor-derived T cells differentiating in non-lpr host thymus. (1991)

Transplantation of bone marrow cells of lpr/lpr mice into irradiated normal mice fails to develop massive lymphadenopathy or autoimmunity but causes severe graft-vs.-host-like syndrome. To elucidate an abnormality of lpr/lpr bone marrow-derived T cells, we transplanted bone marrow cells of Mlsb lpr/lpr mice into H-2-compatible Mlsa non-lpr mice. Although lpr/lpr T cell precursors repopulated the host thymus as well as +/+ cells, a proportion of CD4+CD8+ cells decreased, and that of both CD4- and CD8- single-positive cells increased compared with those of +/+ recipients. Notably, in MRL/lpr----AKR and C3H/lpr----AKR chimeras, CD4 single-positive thymocytes contained an increased number of V beta 6+ cells in spite of potentially deleting alleles of Mlsa, whereas V beta 6+ mature T cells were deleted in the MRL/+ ----AKR and C3H/+ ----AKR chimeras. There was no difference between MRL/+ ----AKR and MRL/lpr----AKR chimeras in their proportion of V beta 3+ cells because both host and donor strain lack the deleting alleles. Interleukin 2 receptor expression of mature T cells, in the thymus and lymph node, was obviously higher in the MRL/lpr----AKR chimeras, in particular in the "forbidden" V beta 6+ subset. Moreover, lpr donor-derived peripheral T cells showed vigorous anti-CD3 response. These results indicate that lpr-derived T cells escape not only tolerance-related clonal deletion but also some induction of unresponsiveness in the non-lpr thymus.
Globalization and Well-Being (2004)

GLOBALIZATION AND WELL-BEING John F. Helliwell Vancouver: UBC Press, 2002. 104pp, $40.00 cloth (ISBN 0-7748-0992-2), $19.95 paper (ISBN 0-7748-0993-0)One of Margaret Thatchers claims to fame was her relentless popularization of the TINA (there is no alternative) argument that the inevitable march of global market forces had made drastic changes to the fabric of the UK inescapable. In the Canadian context, her present day acolytes often claim that and the pressures of international market competition, make an evisceration of Canada's welfare state necessary and a of Canadian policies with the US inevitable. And although a substantial movement has emerged in opposition to globalization, its rejection of greater trade has partly been based on an acceptance of this presumed dismal logic of market forces.But is any of this true? John Helliwell is one of Canada's foremost economists, whose career of scrupulously careful empirical work has always asked: What is the evidence? The TINA argument for policy harmonization depends on the propositions that: 1) international trade is now more important than local trade; 2) nation-states that accept freer trade internationally cannot escape a convergence to a common (lower) level of the social wage and less redistribution; and 3) nation-states should buy the globalization package because maximizes growth of GDP, which maximizes national well-being. In this short book, based on three lectures given at Green College at the University of British Columbia in November 2000, Helliwell asks, Is really true that globalization has made nation states, and their policies, irrelevant or homogeneous? Does faster growth in GDP mean that a country is 'better off'? Would Canadians in fact be better off if Canadian political and economic independence were to be eroded?Helliwell answers each of these questions with a resounding no!-and he also discusses the reasons why the evidence rejects the TINA hypothesis. He begins by documenting the fact that interregional trade within Canada is orders of magnitude greater than cross-border trade, controlling for distance and population size-and he goes on to ask why is that matter so much more for trade, capital flows, and migration than a naive analysis of market incentives might suggest. His favourite explanation for border effects is that it is cheaper and easier to operate within networks of shared norms and trust, and...the density of such networks declines with distance, especially as one crosses national borders (34). …
Fully Secure and Fast Signing from Obfuscation. (2014)

In this work we explore new techniques for building short signatures from obfuscation. Our goals are twofold. First, we would like to achieve short signatures with adaptive security proofs. Second, we would like to build signatures with fast signing, ideally significantly faster than comparable signatures that are not based on obfuscation. The goal here is to create an “imbalanced ” scheme where signing is fast at the expense of slower verification. We develop new methods for achieving short and fully secure obfuscation-derived signatures. Our base signature scheme is built from punctured programming and makes a novel use of the “prefix technique” to guess a signature. We find that our initial scheme has slower performance than comparable algorithms (e.g. EC-DSA). We find that the underlying reason is that the underlying PRG is called ≈ `2 times for security parameter `. To address this issue we construct a more efficient scheme by adapting the Goldreich-Goldwasser-Micali [GGM86] construction to form the basis for a new puncturable PRF. This puncturable PRF accepts variable-length inputs and has the property that evaluations on all prefixes of a message can be efficiently pipelined. Calls to the puncturable PRF by the signing algorithm therefore make fewer invocations of the underlying PRG, resulting in reduced signing costs. We evaluate our puncturable PRF based signature schemes using a variety of cryptographic candidates for the underlying PRG. We show that the resulting performance on message signing is competitive with that of widely deployed signature schemes. 1
Laccaic Acid A Is a Direct, DNA-competitive Inhibitor of DNA Methyltransferase 1 (2013)

Methylation of cytosines in CpG dinucleotides is the predominant epigenetic mark on vertebrate DNA. DNA methylation is associated with transcriptional repression. The pattern of DNA methylation changes during development and with disease. Human DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1), a 1616-amino acid multidomain enzyme, is essential for maintenance of DNA methylation in proliferating cells and is considered an important cancer drug target. Using a fluorogenic, endonuclease-coupled DNA methylation assay with an activated form of Dnmt1 engineered to lack the replication foci targeting sequence domain, we discovered that laccaic acid A (LCA), a highly substituted anthraquinone natural product, is a direct inhibitor with a 310 nm Ki. LCA is competitive with the DNA substrate in in vitro methylation assays and alters the expression of methylated genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells synergistically with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. LCA represents a novel class of Dnmt-targeted molecular probes, with biochemical properties that allow it to distinguish between non DNA-bound and DNA-bound Dnmt1.
ARTIST Methodology and Framework: A Novel Approach for the Migration of Legacy Software on the Cloud (2013)

Nowadays Cloud Computing is considered as the ideal environment for engineering, hosting and provisioning applications. A continuously increasing set of cloud-based solutions is available to application owners and developers to tailor their applications exploiting the advanced features of this paradigm for elasticity, high availability and performance. Although these offerings provide many benefits to new applications, they also incorporate constrains to the modernization and migration of legacy applications by obliging the use of specific technologies and explicit architectural design approaches. The modernization and adaptation of legacy applications to cloud environments is a great challenge for all involved stakeholders, not only from the technical perspective, but also in business level with the need to adapt the business processes and models of the modernized application that will be offered from now on, as a service. In this paper we present a novel model-driven approach for the migration of legacy applications in modern cloud environments which covers all aspects and phases of the migration process, as well as an integrated framework that supports all migration process.
Interleukin‐6, C‐Reactive Protein, and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha as Predictors of Mortality in Frail, Community‐Living Elderly Individuals (2011)

Low levels of inflammatory markers are associated with better survival in older adults, independent of age and other clinical and functional variables.
Studies on 1,3-benzoxazines. VII. Formation of diphenylpyrimidines by the reaction of 4-chloro-2H-1,3-benzoxazines with ethyl 3-aminobutyrate. (1982)

A new reaction mode for the formation of pyrimidine derivatives by the reaction of 4-chloro-2H-1, 3-benzoxazines (1a-f) with ethyl 3-aminobutyrate is described. Treatment of chlorobenzoxazines (1a-f) with ethyl 3-aminobutyrate (2) gave pyrimidine derivatives (4a-f) possessing an o-hydroxyphenyl substituent. When 4-chloro-2-methyl-2-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2H-1, 3-benzoxazine (1g) was treated with 2, a pyrimidinone derivative (7) was isolated. A possible mechanism for the formation of these reaction products is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: THE OLEFIN METATHESIS REACTION (1979)

Abstract Review: Übersicht über katalytische Systeme und Mechanismen, wobei Diolefin‐ und Nichtpaarweise‐Mechanismen diskutiert werden.
Fusion of SAR and Multispectral Satellite Images Using Multiscale Analysis and Dempster-Shafer Theory for Flood Extent Extraction (2019)

Monitoring flood extent by means of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images has become a very common practice among decision makers and planners in disaster management as these images provide wide area coverage in extreme weather conditions. However, due to the satellite revisit time, their availability hinders their efficient use in disaster management. To capitalize on SAR images characteristics, this work considers both SAR and optical multispectral (MS) images, and proposes a novel method for SAR and optical image fusion in application to flood extent monitoring, which is based on two main steps: 1- Extraction of water pixels from the pre- and post-flooding images using a Modified Water Index (MWI) for water bodies identification from optical MS images and the Structural Feature Set (SFS) texture measurement for homogeneous areas extraction from SAR images, and 2- Applying the Max-Tree structure to estimate mass functions based on the multiscale and the multishape analysis of the input features map which are subsequently incorporated into the fusion module using Dempster-Shafer theory (DST). The results obtained in the evaluation of the proposed fusion method for three flood events characterized by different satellite image scenarios demonstrate the benefits of the multiscale DST fusion strategy in terms of chosen metrics in the classification of water body and monitoring of flood extent.
JSObfusDetector: A binary PSO-based one-class classifier ensemble to detect obfuscated JavaScript code (2015)

JavaScript code obfuscation has become a major technique used by malware writers to evade static analysis techniques. Over the past years, a number of dynamic analysis techniques have been proposed to detect obfuscated malicious JavaScript code at runtime. However, because of their runtime overheads, these techniques are slow and thus not widely used in practice. On the other hand, since a large quantity of benign JavaScript code is obfuscated to protect intellectual property, it is not effective to use the intrinsic features of obfuscated JavaScript code for static analysis purposes. Therefore, we are forced to distinguish between obfuscated and non-obfuscated JavaScript code so that we can devise an efficient and effective analysis technique to detect malicious JavaScript code. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting JSObfusDetector, a novel one-class classifier ensemble to detect obfuscated JavaScript code. To construct the classifier ensemble, we apply a binary particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, called ParticlePruner, on an initial ensemble of one-class SVM classifiers to find a sub-ensemble whose members are both accurate and have diversity in their outputs. We evaluate JSObfusDetector using a dataset of obfuscated and non-obfuscated JavaScript code. The experimental results show that JSObfusDetector can achieve about 97% precision, 91 % recall, and 94% F-measure.
Myocardial Protective Effects of Nicorandil During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Unstable Angina (2005)

Nicorandil has a myocardial protective effect during PCI in patients with UAP.
ExBox (2016)

Enterprise wireless networks face significant challenges to deliver Quality-of-Experience (QoE) with the variety of mobile applications. One of the fundamental challenges is that the traditional definition of network capacity (often defined as throughput capacity) is not sufficient to reflect applications' requirements in wireless networks. In this paper, we propose to rethink the network capacity of wireless networks to better incorporate QoE. Specifically, we first propose a novel concept of an Experiential Capacity Region (ExCR) for wireless networks. ExCR is defined as a set of simultaneous application flows whose QoE requirements can be satisfied by the network. Next, we present the infrastructure based ExBox system that measures per-application QoE metrics and determines the ExCR for wireless networks to better serve a set of mobile application flows. In its core, ExBox employs light-weight machine learning techniques that are tailored for dynamic wireless environments. Through both large-scale simulations and extensive real-life experiments on WiFi and LTE networks, we show that ExBox delivers QoE in admission control decision with a precision of ≈ 0.8 - 0.9, even when clients experience diverse channel quality. Moreover, ExBox quickly adapts to changing network environments without much overhead.
Thermal expansion coefficient and wear performance of aluminium/SiC composites with bimodal particle distributions (2003)

AbstractAbstractHigh volume fraction metal matrix composites were produced by infiltration of liquid aluminium into preforms made by mixing and packing SiC particulates having two different average diameters (170 and 16 μm). The maximum particle volume fraction (0.74) was attained for a mixture containing 67% of coarse particles. The variation of particle volume fraction with percentage of coarse particles can be reasonably well understood in terms of a simple model. Experimental results for the threshold pressure indicate that it is mainly determined by the local volume fraction of fine particles, a result which is shown to be compatible with the model used to estimate the particle volume fraction. On the other hand, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is mainly determined by the total particle volume fraction of the composite. Wear performance was evaluated through sliding wear of the composite against a static alumina ball. The results indicate that, in this case, the key parameter is the coarse particle content of the composite.
Pulling Together: A Guide for Teachers and Instructors (2018)

Inspired by the annual gathering of ocean-going canoes through Tribal Journeys, 'Pulling Together' created by Kwakwaka'wakw artist, Lou-ann Neel, is intended to represent the connections each of us has to our respective Nations and to one another as we Pull Together.Working toward our common visions, we move forward in sync, so we can continue to build and manifest strong, healthy communities with foundations rooted in our ancient ways.
ChemInform Abstract: AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF HOMOGENTISIC ACID (1980)

Abstract p‐Benzochinon (I) reagiert mit einem fünffachen Überschuß der Organo‐Magnesiumverbindung (II) bei anschließender Decarbethoxylierung zum Benzofuranon (III), das ohne weitere Reinigung auf bekannte Weise in die gesuchte Carbonsäure (IV) übergeführt wird.
Development of an MR-safe tracking catheter with a laser-driven tip coil (2001)

We developed a magnetic resonance (MR)-safe tracking catheter using an optical fiber with a light-diffusing tip segment to transport laser energy through the catheter. This energy is converted to a DC current running through a small coil at the catheter tip. Our method is inherently MR-safe since the use of long conducting wires is avoided. The intravoxel dephasing induced by the tip coil was clearly visible for laser powers between 250 mW and 750 mW for all angular positions of the catheter. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:131-135.
Fundamental reaction pathways during coprocessing (1992)

The objective of this research was to investigate the fundamental reaction pathways in coal petroleum residuum coprocessing. Once the reaction pathways are defined, further efforts can be directed at improving those aspects of the chemistry of coprocessing that are responsible for the desired results such as high oil yields, low dihydrogen consumption, and mild reaction conditions. We decided to carry out this investigation by looking at four basic aspects of coprocessing: (1) the effect of fossil fuel materials on promoting reactions essential to coprocessing such as hydrogen atom transfer, carbon-carbon bond scission, and hydrodemethylation; (2) the effect of varied mild conditions on the coprocessing reactions; (3) determination of dihydrogen uptake and utilization under severe conditions as a function of the coal or petroleum residuum employed; and (4) the effect of varied dihydrogen pressure, temperature, and residence time on the uptake and utilization of dihydrogen and on the distribution of the coprocessed products. Accomplishments are described.