gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compositional Tuning of Structural Stability of Lithiated Cubic Titania via a Vacancy-Filling Mechanism under High Pressure (2013)

Experimental and theoretical studies on the compositional dependence of stability and compressibility in lithiated cubic titania are presented. The crystalline-to-amorphous phase transition pressure increases monotonically with Li concentration (from ∼17.5 GPa for delithiated to no phase transition for fully lithiated cubic titania up to 60 GPa). The associated enhancement in structural stability is postulated to arise from a vacancy filling mechanism in which an applied pressure drives interstitial Li ions to vacancy sites in the oxide interior. The results are of significance for understanding mechanisms of structural response of metal oxide electrode materials at high pressures as well as emerging energy storage technologies utilizing such materials.
Local anesthetic failure in endodontics: (2002)

Many patients fear endodontic procedures due to a concern about pain. Although pain treatment is well managed in many endodontic patients, there exists a group of patients who do not receive adequate local anesthesia. This article reviews the mechanisms of local anesthetic failure and focuses on available evidence for developing effective and efficient approaches in local anesthesia.
Compact, High Directivity, Omnidirectional Circularly Polarized Antenna Array (2019)

A compact omnidirectional circularly polarized (OCP) antenna system is reported, which achieves high directivity and operates with the 2.4 GHz WLAN band. It is formed by cascading several stages of electric (metallic strips) and magnetic (loops) radiators into a highly compact array. Two OCP antenna array designs are developed to demonstrate the approach and their resulting high directivities. First, a four-stage OCP antenna array is presented. It consists of three electric radiators (E-radiators) and four magnetic radiators (M-radiators) arranged in collinear formation. A prototype was realized by mechanically fabricating the folded copper loops. Measurements confirm that this compact cost-effective design generates OCP fields that have a 5.1 dBic peak LHCP realized gain in its horizontal plane. The overlapped impedance and AR bandwidth cover 130 MHz from 2.34 to 2.47 GHz. Second, a six-stage OCP antenna array with helical loops is implemented to further increase the directivity. Its prototype was realized with all-metal 3-D printing technology. Six stages of bar and helical loop radiators form five E-radiators and six M-radiators. This highly compact OCP array achieves a measured maximum realized gain of 7.1 dBic with a 110 MHz operational bandwidth that covers 2.37-2.48 GHz.
Oxygen Ion Drift‐Induced Complementary Resistive Switching in Homo TiOx/TiOy/TiOx and Hetero TiOx/TiON/TiOx Triple Multilayer Frameworks (2011)

Abstract Developing a means by which to compete with commonly used Si‐based memory devices represents an important challenge for the realization of future three‐dimensionally stacked crossbar‐array memory devices with multifunctionality. Therefore, oxide‐based resistance switching memory (ReRAM), with its associated phenomena of oxygen ion drifts under a bias, is becoming increasingly important for use in nanoscalable crossbar arrays with an ideal memory cell size due to its simple metal–insulator–metal structure and low switching current of 10–100 μA. However, in a crossbar array geometry, one single memory element defined by the cross‐point of word and bit lines is highly susceptible to unintended leakage current due to parasitic paths around neighboring cells when no selective devices such as diodes or transistors are used. Therefore, the effective complementary resistive switching (CRS) features in all Ti‐oxide‐based triple layered homo Pt/TiO x /TiO y /TiO x /Pt and hetero Pt/TiO x /TiON/TiO x /Pt geometries as alternative resistive switching matrices are reported. The possible resistive switching nature of the novel triple matrices is also discussed together with their electrical and structural properties. The ability to eliminate both an external resistor for efficient CRS operation and a metallic Pt middle electrode for further cost‐effective scalability will accelerate progress toward the realization of cross‐bar ReRAM in this framework.
Microphysical modeling of the 1999–2000 Arctic winter 2. Chlorine activation and ozone depletion (2002)

The effect of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) on ozone depletion during the 1999–2000 Arctic winter has been assessed using a coupled microphysical/photochemical model. Scenarios spanned a large range of denitrification levels, with up to 80% vortex‐averaged denitrification and localized dehydration. PSC composition was varied, exploring sensitivity to heterogeneous reaction rates. PSC formation during February was critical in causing severe ozone depletion below 500 K. Heterogeneous chemistry on these PSCs was able to continuously reactivate the newly produced ClONO 2 . Only 30–40% vortex‐averaged ozone loss would have occurred without this chlorine reactivation; with it, 21–32% more ozone loss is possible. During February (unlike earlier in the winter), chlorine reactivation and ozone loss were sensitive to heterogeneous chemistry: varying the reactivities altered ozone loss by 11%. An analysis of the critical temperatures for heterogeneous chemistry demonstrates the importance of temperatures near the nitric acid trihydrate condensation point, where many uncertainties influence heterogeneous reaction rates. Chlorine reactivation during February also prevented denitrification from enhancing ozone loss until March: 70% vortex‐averaged denitrification only enhanced ozone depletion by 3% on 10 March. The mid‐March vortex breakup probably limited the extent of ozone depletion; if the vortex had remained stable until 15 April, 16% ozone loss (out of a total 68% ozone loss) could be caused by 70% denitrification. Ozone loss intensifies nonlinearly with enhanced denitrification: in individual air parcels with 90% denitrification, 40% ozone loss in mid‐April can be attributed to denitrification alone.
Growth and Properties of Ytterbium Doped KY(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
The Evolution of Trumpet Music up to Fantini (1974)

It is well known that the sounds of the natural trumpet before the Classical period present themselves to us on two distinct planes of pitch, each associated with a particular musical character and technical requirement, or in a word, style. One style involves the diatonic range supplied by high harmonics of the instrument from the 8th upwards, and was described by German trumpeters as Clarin. This is also the register of the English ‘Trumpet Tune’, and we now tend largely to identify the old natural trumpet with this style, which was produced on the whole fairly softly and with, as Johann Ernst Altenburg wrote, as close an approach as possible to the expressions of other musical instruments. Below this in range, where the trumpet was confined to the sounds of a common chord, falls the register of the Principal and also of the cavalry calls. It was produced in an esoteric trumpet style, robust and with strong emphasis on rapid articulation of single notes with the tongue.
Enantioselective Pictet-Spengler Reaction of Nitrones Derived from Nb-Hydroxytryptamine with Aldehydes Catalyzed by Chiral Brønsted Acid-Assisted Lewis Acids (1997)

The enantioselective Pictet-Spengler reaction catalyzed by chiral binaphthol-derived Brønsted acid-assisted Lewis acids is demonstrated. The Pictet-Spengler reaction of nitrones, prepared from N b-hydroxytryptamine with aldehydes, gave the corresponding 1-substituted-2-hydroxytetrahydro-β-carbolines with up to 91% ee.
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus in Wild Rodents, Northern Italy (2009)

We determined the prevalence of infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) among small mammals in northern Italy and analyzed long-term dynamics of LCMV in a rodent population in the province of Trento. LCMV is circulating among the most widespread and common wild rodent species in this area (Apodemus flavicollis, Myodes glareolus, and Microtus arvalis); overall prevalence is 6.8%. During 2000-2006, intensive monitoring of LCMV in a population of yellow-necked mice (A. flavicollis) showed a positive correlation between prevalence of infection and rodent density. At the individual level, weight and sex appeared to correlate with antibody prevalence, which suggests that horizontal transmission of LCMV occurs principally among heavier, older males and occurs during fighting. Isolation and genetic characterization of this virus will be the crucial next steps for a better understanding of its ecology.
K-CLASP: A Tool to Identify Phosphosite Specific Kinases and Interacting Proteins (2016)

Few methods are available to discover the cellular kinase that phosphorylates a specific amino acid, or phosphosite, on a protein. In addition, identifying the associated proteins bound near a phosphosite during phosphorylation would provide insights into cell biology and signaling. Here, we report K-CLASP (Kinase Catalyzed CrossLinking And Streptavidin Purification) as a method for both phosphosite-specific kinase identification and the discovery of kinase interacting proteins. K-CLASP offers a powerful tool to discover unanticipated protein-protein interactions in phosphorylation-mediated biological events.
Anticancer potency of novel organometallic Ir(iii) complexes with phosphine derivatives of fluoroquinolones encapsulated in polymeric micelles (2020)

A 3D model of cell culturing (spheroids) was explored and the anticancer potential of the selected novel organometallic Ir(<sc>iii</sc>) complex encapsulated in Pluronic p-123 micelles was clearly proved.
Quasiparticle interaction in the Fermi liquidHe3 (1987)

The Fermi-liquid interaction and the quasiparticle scattering amplitude on the Fermi surface for liquid $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ are calculated by solving the pair of coupled Bethe-Salpeter equations in the two particle-hole channels. The method of solution preserves exchange symmetry by employing the eigenfunctions of the exchange operator as a basis set. The quasiparticle effective mass and the totally particle-hole irreducible direct interaction needed as an input are taken from available microscopic calculations. It is found that a small nonlocal part is necessary in the direct interaction in order to obtain a large backflow parameter ${F}_{1}^{s}$, as observed in $^{3}\mathrm{He}$. The origin of this contribution is traced back to screening effects on the interaction in the particle-particle channel. Upon including a phenomenological nonlocal part into the direct interaction, good agreement is found with available thermodynamic and transport data.
Methacrylate‐based short monolithic columns: Enabling tools for rapid and efficient analyses of biomolecules and nanoparticles (2008)

This review describes the novel chromatography stationary phase--a porous monolithic methacrylate-based polymer--in terms of the design of the columns and some of the features that make these columns attractive for the purification of large biomolecules. We first start with a brief summary of the characteristics of these large molecules (more precisely large proteins like immunoglobulins G and M, plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and viral particles), and a list of some of the problems that were encountered during the development of efficient purification processes. We then briefly describe the structure of the methacrylate-based monolith and emphasize the features which make them more than suitable for dealing with large entities. The highly efficient structure on a small scale can be transferred to a large scale without the need of making column modifications, and the various approaches of how this is accomplished are briefly presented in this paper. This is followed by presenting some of the examples from the bioprocess development schemes, where the implementation of the methacrylate-based monolithic columns has resulted in a very efficient and productive process. Following this, we move back to the analytical scale and demonstrate the efficiency of the monolithic column--where the mass transfer between the stationary and mobile phase is greatly enhanced--for the in-process and final control of the new therapeutics. The combination of an efficient structure and the appropriate hardware results in separations of proteins with residence time less than 0.1 s.
A Crosslinked Microperoxidase-11 and Nitrate Reductase Monolayer on a Gold Electrode: An Integrated Electrically Contacted Electrode for the Bioelectrocatalyzed Reduction of NO3− (1998)

A fully integrated nitrate reductase electrode has been constructed on a gold base modified with a monolayer of microperoxidase-11; the electrode and the reduction cycle are shown on the right. The electrode could be used as a nitrate biosensor.
Designing report cards for aquatic health with a whole-of-system approach: Gladstone Harbour in the Great Barrier Reef (2019)

Ecosystem health report cards are an increasingly popular means of summarizing the results of environmental monitoring programs for broad, non-scientific audiences. This paper describes a whole-of-system report card initiative developed to monitor the condition of a multi-use port in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Concerns over the impacts of major industrial expansion, fish health incidents, safety of recreational harbour users and habitat loss prompted stakeholders in the Gladstone region to unite and establish the Gladstone Healthy Harbour Partnership. The objective was to monitor and report on the health of the harbour via an annual report card (http://rc.ghhp.org.au/). We illustrate one approach to designing a report card against ten core considerations; 1) strong links to all stakeholders at all stages, 2) rigorous science, 3) effective communication, 4) setting clear goals and 5) realistic expectations, 6) flexibility in implementation, 7) transparency, open access and accountability, 8) results linked to actionable management recommendations, 9) regular evaluation, and 10) long term commitment. Innovative aspects of this report card include the combination of four components of harbour health: environmental, social, cultural and economic; underpinned by a sophisticated monitoring, modelling and reporting program. A review of the report card content and methodology, conducted in 2017, determined that the design meets the original vision and objectives set by Gladstone stakeholders. However, stakeholder perceptions of the effectiveness of the report card have not been comprehensively assessed to date. This paper provides a guide to others designing report card programs and environmental metrics, with advice on maximizing transparency and data sharing, coordinating otherwise disparate monitoring efforts, and linking with management through the provision of scenario analysis tools with which to interpret and respond to annual report card results.
Generalized Expression of Chorochronic Periodicity in Turbomachinery Blade-Row Interaction (1991)

The unsteady flow which is generated when 2 turbomachinery blade-rows are in relative angular motion is periodic in time with a different period in the frame of reference associated with each blade-row, and is characterized by a pitchwise traveling wave chorochronic periodicity. This periodicity is studied for arbitrary angular velocities and pitch-ratio of the 2 blade-row and simple formulae for the corresponding interblade-phase angles are given.
Categorizing cubes: Revisiting pose normalization (2016)

This paper introduces and analyzes the novel task of categorical classification of cuboidal objects - e.g., distinguishing washing machines versus filing cabinets. To do so, it makes use of recent methods for automatic alignment of cuboidal objects in images. Given such geometric alignments, the natural approach for recognition might extract pose-normalized appearance features from a canonically-aligned coordinate frame. Though such approaches are extraordinarily common, we demonstrate that they are not optimal, both theoretically and empirically. One reason is that such approaches require accurate shape alignment. However, even with ground-truth alignment, pose-normalized representations may still be sub-optimal. Instead, we introduce methods based on pose-synthesis, a somewhat simple approach of augmenting training data with geometrically perturbed training samples. We demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, that synthesis is a surprisingly simple but effective strategy that allows for state-of-the-art categorization and automatic 3D alignment. To aid our empirical analysis, we introduce a novel dataset for cuboidal object categorization.
NOMA-Assisted Machine-Type Communications in UDN: State-of-the-Art and Challenges (2020)

The inevitable next era of smart living requires unprecedented advances in enabling technologies. The building blocks of this era are devices such as sensors, actuators, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Machine-Type Communication (MTC), also known as Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, constitutes the main enabling technology to support communications among such devices. The massive number of these devices and the immense amount of traffic generated by them require a paramount shift in cellular and non-cellular wireless technologies to achieve the required connectivity. Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) is intuitively one of the most convenient approaches to tackle such requirements of massive connectivity and high throughput found in MTC. In UDNs, small cells are deployed in large densities compared to Human-Type Communication Users (HTCUs) like smartphones and tablets. In a different scope, multiple access techniques also require a paradigm shift to cope with the increasing density of required connections while confined by limited resources. Recently, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has received a great attention as an efficacious candidate to enhance the network's performance compared to traditional Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) techniques. For this sake, in this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey and illustrative simulation results on the application of NOMA to support MTC in a UDN environment. First, we give a brief discussion on MTC and its different applications and supporting technologies. Then, we focus our effort on investigating the main challenges facing MTC along with the existing opportunities found in both NOMA and UDN, respectively. Finally, we show via simulations the possible gains of both technologies and conclude by discussing the open problems for future research directions.
Hemopoietic Recovery from AZT Toxicity with Recombinant Hemoglobin in a Murine Model of AIDS (1994)

We studied the toxic effects of azidothymidine (AZT) on the hemopoietic colony growth (CFU-E, BFU-E and CFU-GM) of bone marrow in a murine model of AIDS (MAIDS). A sparing effect by recombinant hemoglobin (r-Hb) on AZT suppression of MAIDS bone marrow was found when 10 microM of r-Hb was included in bone marrow cultures. The AZT toxicity dose response curve showed that at a concentration of 0.1 microM, AZT inhibited CFU-E by 66%, BFU-E by 55% and CFU-GM by 67%. The addition of r-Hb (10 microM) to AZT-treated cultures stimulated CFU-E, BFU-E and CFU-GM by 89, 125 and 160%, respectively, as compared with AZT-treated (control). The addition of r-Hb to non AZT-treated cultures showed further stimulation of CFU-E, BFU-E and CFU-GM to 100, 160 and 187% of the control, respectively. These results indicate that exogenous r-Hb reverses AZT-induced hemopoietic toxicity and may prove to be useful in ameliorating AZT toxicity in immunosuppressive diseases.
Effect of Byproduct of Spearmint Oil Extraction on Storability of Fresh-cut Lettuce (2015)

The effects of filtrate which is separated from the process of spearmint oil extraction by distillation on preservation effect of fresh-cut lettuce is studied. The results show that the filtrate does not have significant influence on the weight loss,vitamin C content and chlorophyll content of control experimentals(p0.05) at 12 ℃. But it exhibits significant inhibition against the activities of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and reduces total bacteria number during the storage stage(p0.05).
The first decade: emerging issues of the twenty‐first century in consumer marketing (2011)

Purpose As one rewinds the clock to the early days of the twenty‐first century, it can be quite surprising to realise how much the consumer landscape has changed from what it is today. This paper aims to introduce the special issue and attempts to take stock of the last decade and reflect on the transformation of key areas of the changing marketplace and its impact on consumption. Design/methodology/approach A critical and integrative appraisal of emerging issues in consumer marketing is used to develop a framework for reviewing the relationship between demand‐side and supply‐side trends in the consumer landscape. Findings In reviewing major developments and trends of the last decade, the paper argues that the consumption landscape now operates in a rapidly changing environment that can be characterised as both turbulent and disruptive. These major shifts are emerging from the physical environment, technological innovation and the transformation of major markets. In all these scenarios, significant events are being experienced which disrupt the ways in which consumers behave and a retrospective of the first decade underscores several of these major shifts. Research limitations/implications All of the papers included in this special issue have used one or more methods of inquiry based on conceptual, qualitative and/or quantitative approaches and open up fascinating avenues for future research in areas such as social marketing, branding, anti‐consumption, co‐creation, and social networking to name a few. Practical implications The last decade saw a great deal of attention given to social marketing and tackling the “dark side” of marketing to selected groups, often identified as vulnerable consumers. In other cases, such as with “anti‐consumption”, consumers totally avoid consuming certain products which, as a result, may have negative consequences not only for them but for the whole of society such as is the case with the avoidance of vaccination. Originality/value This paper is a unique examination of the last decade and its impact on consumer marketing backed up by a collection of strong contributions in emerging areas such as anti‐consumption, social networking, health promotion and addictive products, consumer co‐creation, sustainability and fair trade, branding and multicultural markets.
Coding of depth signals for 3D video using wedgelet block segmentation with residual adaptation (2013)

This paper presents a new approach for the depth coding part of a 3D video coding extension based on the Multiview Video plus Depth (MVD) representation. Our approach targets a higher coding efficiency for the depth component and is motivated by the fact that depth signals have specific characteristics that differ from video. For this purpose we apply the method of wedgelet segmentation with residual adaptation for depth blocks by implementing a new set of coding and prediction modes and by optimizing the algorithms for efficient processing and signaling. The results show that a bit rate reduction of up to 6% is achieved for the depth component, using a 3D video codec based on the high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) technology. Apart from the depth coding gains, wedgelets lead to a considerably better rendered view quality.