gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SAMs on Gold Derived from the Direct Adsorption of Alkanethioacetates Are Inferior to Those Derived from the Direct Adsorption of Alkanethiols (2009)

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold derived from the direct adsorption of thioacetic acid S-decyl ester (C10SAc) and thioacetic acid S-octadecyl ester (C18SAc) were compared to the corresponding SAMs derived from the analogous adsorption n-decanethiol (C10SH) and n-octadecanethiol (C18SH). All SAMs were characterized using ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The comparison revealed that the SAMs generated from the thioacetates are not as densely packed and well ordered as the SAMs generated from the thiols. Furthermore, studies of the kinetics of adsorption found that the thioacetates adsorb more slowly than the corresponding thiols.
Crystal to Crystal Guest Exchange in a Mixed Ligand Metal−Organic Framework (2009)

The occluded solvent in a mixed ligand metal−organic framework has been displaced by n-hexanol, chloroform, and nitrobenzene in a crystal to crystal guest exchange. The X-ray structures of the three new solvent adducts of Zn2NDC2DPNI2 reveal the complete replacement of N′,N-dimethylformamide with the new guest. Structural changes to the framework geometry in response to the size of the incoming guest are also exhibited. These new frameworks are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy, and cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR.
Two year prognosis of sarcoidosis: the ACCESS experience. (2003)

A cohort of 215 sarcoidosis patients from the ACCESS study underwent a clinical evaluation at study enrollment and two years later. Approximately 80% of subjects had an improved or stable FVC, FEV1, chest radiograph determined by Scadding stage, and dyspnea scale. African-Americans had less improvement in FVC than Caucasians (p = 0.04). Patients with erythema nodosum at presentation were more likely to have improvement in the chest radiograph at two-year follow-up (p = 0.007). Patients with a lower annual family income were more likely to worsen with respect to dyspnea (p = 0.01) and more likely to have new organ involvement at two-year follow-up (p = 0.045). The development of new organ involvement over the two year follow-up period was more common in African-Americans compared to Caucasians (p = 0.002) and more likely in those with extrapulmonary involvement at study entry (p = 0.003). There was an excellent concordance between changes in FVC and FEV1 over the two-year period. However, changes in FVC alone were inadequate to describe the change in pulmonary status of the patients, as changes in chest radiographic findings or the level of dyspnea did often but not always move in the same direction as FVC. In conclusion, data from this heterogeneous United States sarcoidosis population indicate that sarcoidosis tends to improve or remain stable over two years in the majority of patients. Several factors associated with improved or worse outcome over two years were identified.
Airy–Gaussian vortex beams in the fractional nonlinear-Schrödinger medium (2021)

We address the propagation of vortex beams with the circular Airy–Gaussian shape in a ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> )-dimensional optical waveguide modeled by the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Systematic analysis of autofocusing of the beams reveals a strongly non-monotonous dependence of peak intensity in the focal plane on the corresponding Lévy index <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> , with a strong maximum at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.4</mml:mn> </mml:math> . Effects of the nonlinearity strength, the ratio of widths of the Airy and Gaussian factors in the input, as well as the beams’ vorticity on the autofocusing dynamics are explored. In particular, multiple autofocusing events occur if the nonlinearity is strong enough. Under the action of azimuthal modulational instability, an axisymmetric beam may split into a set of separating bright spots. In the case of strong fractality (for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> close to one), the nonlinear beams self-trap, after the first instance of autofocusing, into a breathing vortical quasi-soliton. Radiation forces induced by the beams’ field are considered too, and a capture position for a probe nanoparticle is thus identified.
Photorespiration-deficient Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana Lacking Mitochondrial Serine Transhydroxymethylase Activity (1981)

Three allelic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana which lack mitochondrial serine transhydroxymethylase activity due to a recessive nuclear mutation have been characterized. The mutants were shown to be deficient both in glycine decarboxylation and in the conversion of glycine to serine. Glycine accumulated as an end product of photosynthesis in the mutants, largely at the expense of serine, starch, and sucrose formation. The mutants photorespired CO(2) at low rates in the light, but this evolution of photorespiratory CO(2) was abolished by provision of exogenous NH(3). Exogenous NH(3) was required by the mutants for continued synthesis of glycine under photorespiratory conditions. These and related results with wild-type Arabidopsis suggested that glycine decarboxylation is the sole site of photorespiratory CO(2) release in wild-type plants but that depletion of the amino donors required for glyoxylate amination may lead to CO(2) release from direct decarboxylation of glyoxylate. Photosynthetic CO(2) fixation was inhibited in the mutants under atmospheric conditions which promote photorespiration but could be partially restored by exogenous NH(3). The magnitude of the NH(3) stimulation of photosynthesis indicated that the increase was due to the suppression of glyoxylate decarboxylation. The normal growth of the mutants under nonphotorespiratory atmospheric conditions indicates that mitochondrial serine transhydroxymethylase is not required in C(3) plants for any function unrelated to photorespiration.
Rejuvenation of Aged Pig Facial Skin by Transplanting Allogeneic Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor-Induced Peripheral Blood Stem Cells from a Young Pig (2013)

Following a stroke, the administration of stem cells that have been treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) can ameliorate functional deficits in both rats and humans. It is not known, however, whether the application of GCSF-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) to human skin can function as an antiaging treatment. We used a Lanyu pig (Sus scrofa) model, since compared with rodents, the structure of a pig's skin is very similar to human skin, to provide preliminary data on whether these cells can exert antiaging effects over a short time frame. GCSF-mobilized PBSCs from a young male Lanyu pig (5 months) were injected intradermally into the cheek skin of aged female Lanyu pigs, and tissues before and after the cell injections were compared to determine whether this treatment caused skin rejuvenation. Increased levels of collagen, elastin, hyaluronic acid, and the hyaluronic acid receptor CD44 were observed in both dermal and subcutaneous layers following the injection of PBSCs. In addition, the treated skin tissue was tighter and more elastic than adjacent control regions of aged skin tissue. In the epidermal layer, PBSC injection altered the levels of both involucrin and integrin, indicating an increased rate of epidermal cell renewal as evidenced by reductions in both cornified cells and cells of the spinous layers and increases in the number of dividing cells within the basal layer. We found that the exogenous PBSCs, visualized using fluorescence in situ hybridization, were located primarily in hair follicles and adjacent tissues. In summary, PBSC injection restored young skin properties in the skin of aged (90 months) pigs. On the basis of our preliminary data, we conclude that intradermal injection of GCSF-mobilized PBSCs from a young pig can rejuvenate the skin in aged pigs.
The Percutaneous Common Femoral Vein Catheter for Volume Replacement in Critically Injured Patients (1988)

The acquisition of venous access with the potential for massive volume infusion can be a major determinant in the survival of a critically injured patient. A percutaneously placed 8.5 Fr common femoral vein catheter (CFVC) was inserted in 366 patients in whom upper extremity veins were unavailable or inadequate for volume resuscitation. Flow rates were further maximized by replacing standard intravenous tubing with genitourinary irrigating tubing (GIT). Infusion rates of up to 1,622 cc/minute (one liter in 37 seconds) of lactated Ringer's solution were achieved in this group of patients with a mean Trauma Score of 9.3 and a mean Injury Severity Score of 32.1. Although 90% of trauma patients can be managed with a peripheral vein catheter, venous access in patients with the potential need for massive volume infusion can be achieved in a rapid, safe, and efficient manner using the CFVC in conjunction with the GIT. We conclude that this system can be used effectively in trauma patients with hemodynamic instability, unavailable or inaccessible upper extremity veins, suspected cervicothoracic major vascular injury and when massive volume or blood replacement is anticipated.
Ultraviolet photochemistry of hydrogen-bonded HBr⋅acetone complexes in argon matrices (2001)

We have studied the ultraviolet photoreaction of HBr⋅acetone complexes isolated in argon matrices using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Photoexcitation of the acetone π*←n0 transition, using either 266 or 309 nm, results in the reaction of hydrogen-bonded HBr⋅acetone complexes to produce HBr⋅propen-2-ol complexes through a novel photoenolization mechanism. Only the hydrogen-bonded HBr⋅acetone complexes undergo reaction following mid-UV irradiation. No significant loss of isolated reactant molecules occurs using either 266 or 309 nm excitation. Detailed ab initio calculations of HBr⋅propen-2-ol complex are presented to support these findings. Photoexcitation of similar matrices at 193 nm, which excites the acetone 3s←n0 transition and HBr directly, shows extensive reaction of HBr, acetone, and their complexes by a photofragmentation mechanism. We discuss the mechanism of HBr assisted acetone photoenolization in detail and report experimental and calculated band frequencies and structures of HBr⋅acetone complexes.
Functional antagonism between YY1 and the serum response factor. (1992)

The rapid, transient induction of the c-fos proto-oncogene by serum growth factors is mediated by the serum response element (SRE). The SRE shares homology with the muscle regulatory element (MRE) of the skeletal alpha-actin promoter. It is not known how these elements respond to proliferative and cell-type-specific signals, but the response appears to involve the binding of the serum response factor (SRF) and other proteins. Here, we report that YY1, a multifunctional transcription factor, binds to SRE and MRE sequences in vitro. The methylation interference footprint of YY1 overlaps with that of the SRF, and YY1 competes with the SRF for binding to these DNA elements. Overexpression of YY1 repressed serum-inducible and basal expression from the c-fos promoter and repressed basal expression from the skeletal alpha-actin promoter. YY1 also repressed expression from the individual SRE and MRE sequences upstream from a TATA element. Unlike that of YY1, SRF overexpression alone did not influence the transcriptional activity of the target sequence, but SRF overexpression could reverse YY1-mediated trans repression. These data suggest that YY1 and the SRF have antagonistic functions in vivo.
Characterization of Chorioamnionitis in 2nd-Trimester C-Section Placentas and Correlation with Microorganism Recovery from Subamniotic Tissues (2008)

Prolonged exposure to infection appears to influence fetal/neonatal development. We characterize the relationship between histologic patterns of inflammation and microorganism recovery from the placentas of live born infants delivered before the 28th postmenstrual week. The subamniotic parenchyma of 835 placentas delivered by cesarean section were cultured and evaluated for specific histologic patterns of inflammation in a blinded fashion. Cases with prolonged membrane rupture were excluded. Microorganisms were recovered from 41% of placentas. Microorganisms found more frequently in placentas with high-grade chorionic plate inflammation include Actinomyces, Prevotella bivia, Corynebacterium sp., Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus magnus, multiple species of Streptococci, and Mycoplasma sp., including Ureaplasma urealyticum. These microorganisms were also associated with fetal vasculitis (neutrophilic infiltration of chorionic plate stem vessels or umbilical cord). Recovery of microorganisms from placental parenchyma is associated with histologic inflammation. The same microorganisms responsible for inciting high-grade chorionic plate inflammation are also most likely to promote fetal inflammation.
Flying STAR2, a Hybrid Flying Driving Robot With a Clutch Mechanism and Energy Optimization Algorithm (2022)

This paper presents FSTAR2, an improved FSTAR design, and a near optimal energy-based algorithm for a flying-driving robot that can navigate in environments crowded with obstacles. The robot can be used for tasks such as package deliveries, industrial inspection, and search and rescue applications. FSTAR2 is fitted with a clutch mechanism that separates the propellers from the motors when driving. Experiments show that the clutch reduces the driving energy consumption by up to 52% and enables driving at higher speeds. To optimize its energy consumption (reducing its normalized energy cost) the FSTAR2 exploits its flying and driving capabilities by implementing a new approach which encloses the search space of the weighted A* algorithm and finds a new weight for the heuristic function, yielding a near optimal solution. Given that both flying and driving speeds are subject to environmental restrictions, the algorithm favors driving whenever possible (driving is almost three times more energy efficient at the considered speed – 2 m/s). Multiple simulations in different environments were conducted and the findings were compared to Dijkstra’s algorithm to estimate the quality of the results. In general, the weighted A* algorithm reduced the number of iterations vs the A* algorithm and produced very similar values to Dijkstra’s Algorithm. The experimental robot can fly like a regular drone, penetrate (25 cm/10 inches diameter) pipes and drive at speeds of up to 4.5 m/s, which is an increase of 50% compared to FSTAR.
Why withholding treatment is not assisted suicide. (1999)

We have shown why it is that withholding medical treatment is not properly considered to be an assisted suicide. We have said nothing about the desirability or need for new legislation to support assisting a patient in a suicide. We have been concerned only to show that any plausible arguments for assisted suicide must stand on their merits and the attempt to justify a practice of assisted suicide by linking it to the withdrawing of medical treatment through an analysis of causation fails. In this closing section we place our discussion in a broader setting and draw out some of the implications of the distinctions we have made. One central point we wish to emphasize is the role of context in discussions of withholding treatment and assisting a suicide. We have noted the difference between the "normative" and "scientific" sense of "cause". The normative sense is used when holding a person responsible, either legally or morally, for what he or she has actually or scientifically caused (the cause-in-fact). When we hold a person responsible for the consequences of his or her actions, we do so in a way that is sensitive to the context of that action. There is no set formula for determining how broad a context must be considered, whether it be a year and a day, or some shorter or longer interval. The determination of context will involve judgments of relevance and reasonableness and will depend on any special relationships that may hold between the parties involved. Finally, we emphasize how essential context is to a determination of causation. If one fails to consider both the scientific and normative dimensions of causation and relies only on the scientific dimension, one ends up with the counter-intuitive judgments that, in the Olson case, the neurosurgeon who withdrew life support for Erickson is the cause of death, and similarly for the example given by Schaffner and the Nancy B. case discussed by Fish and Singer. Our advice is, "Don't go there".
A matrix-pencil approach to blind separation of colored nonstationary signals (2000)

For many signal sources such as speech with distinct, nonwhite power spectral densities, second-order statistics of the received signal mixture can be exploited for signal separation. Without knowledge of the noise correlation matrix, we propose a simple and yet effective signal extraction method for signal source separation under unknown temporally white noise. This new and unbiased signal extractor is derived from the matrix pencil formed between output autocorrelation matrices at different delays. Based on the matrix pencil, an ESPRIT-type algorithm is derived to get an optimal solution in the least square sense. Our method is well suited for systems with colored sensor noises and for nonstationary signals.
Thermal conductivity and inelastic X-ray scattering measurements on SiGeSn polycrystalline alloy (2021)

Abstract The impact of Sn on Si 1-x Ge x through its thermal conductivity and phonon properties was investigated to develop an attractive material for thermoelectric devices. The Si-rich polycrystalline Si 1-x-y Ge x Sn y alloy was synthesized by ball-milling technique. The as-synthesized alloy had substitutional Sn content of 1.60%, which it maintained as high as 0.54% after sintering at 1000 °C. The thermal conductivity was found to be reduced by the introduction of this tiny amount of Sn. Inelastic X-ray scattering measurements were carried out and we observed the longitudinal acoustic phonon mode superimposed along all crystallographic directions. In addition, the signal that originated from a local vibration at the Ge-related local structure was also successfully detected. It was found that the introduction of Sn affects the local vibration mode in the alloy. It is proposed that the incorporation of Sn atom into the local structure to make Ge–Sn pairs be considered to reduce the material’s thermal conductivity in addition to the mass difference effect.
Dress Fashionably: Learn Fashion Collocation With Deep Mixed-Category Metric Learning (2018)

In this paper, we seek to enable machine to answer questions like, given a clutch bag, what kind of skirt, heel and even accessory best fashionably collocate with it ? This problem, dubbed fashion collocation, has almost been neglected by researchers due to the large uncertainty lies in fashion collocation and professional expertise required to address it. In this paper, we narrow down the well-collocated samples to be fashion images shared on fashion websites, with which we propose an end-to-end trainable deep mixed-category metric learning method to project well-collocated clothing items to lie close but items violating well-collocation far apart in the deep embedding space. Specifically, we simultaneously model the intra-category exclusiveness and cross-category inclusiveness of fashion collocation by feeding a set of well-collocated clothing items and corresponding bad-collocated clothing items to the deep neural network, further a hard-aware online exemplar mining strategy is designed to force the whole neural network to be trainable and learn discriminative features at the early and later training stages respectively. To motivate more research in fashion collocation, we collect a dataset of 0.2 million fashionably well-collocated images consisting of either on-body or off-body clothing items or accessories. Extensive experimental results show the feasibility and superiority of our method.
Protein-peptide conjugation by a two-phase reaction (1985)

Correspondence| April 01 1985 Protein-peptide conjugation by a two-phase reaction D A Myers; D A Myers Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W J Murdoch; W J Murdoch Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C L Villemez C L Villemez Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1985) 227 (1): 343. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2270343 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D A Myers, W J Murdoch, C L Villemez; Protein-peptide conjugation by a two-phase reaction. Biochem J 1 April 1985; 227 (1): 343. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2270343 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 London: The Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Diffusion of carbon dioxide through lipid bilayer membranes. Effects of carbonic anhydrase, bicarbonate, and unstirred layers (1977)

Diffusion of (14)C-labeled CO(2) was measured through lipid bilayer membranes composed of egg lecithin and cholesterol (1:1 mol ratio) dissolved in n-decane. The results indicate that CO(2), but not HCO(3-), crosses the membrane and that different steps in the transport process are rate limiting under different conditions. In one series of experiments we studied one-way fluxes between identical solutions at constant pCO(2) but differing [HCO(3-)] and pH. In the absence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) the diffusion of CO(2) through the aqueous unstirred layers is rate limiting because the uncatalyzed hydration-dehydration of CO(2) is too slow to permit the high [HCO(3-)] to facilitate tracer diffusion through the unstirred layers. Addition of CA (ca. 1 mg/ml) to both bathing solutions causes a 10-100-fold stimulation of the CO(2) flux, which is proportional to [HCO(3-)] over the pH range 7-8. In the presence of CA the hydration- dehydration reaction is so fast that CO(2) transport across the entire system is rate limited by diffusion of HCO(3-) through unstirred layers. However, in the presence of CA when the ratio [HCO(3-) + CO(3=)]:[CO(2)] more than 1,000 (pH 9-10) the CO(2) flux reaches a maximum value. Under these conditions the diffusion of CO(2) through the membrane becomes rate limiting, which allows us to estimate a permeability coefficient of the membrane to CO(2) of 0.35 cm s(-1). In a second series of experiments we studied the effects of CA and buffer concentration on the net flux of CO(2). CA stimulates the net CO(2) flux in well buffered, but no in unbuffered, solutions. The buffer provides a proton source on the upstream side of the membrane and proton sink on the downstream side, thus allowing HCO(3-) to facilitate the net transport of CO(2) through the unstirred layers.
Bis-vinylogous Corrole: The First Expanded Corrole (1999)

A dimeric structure that is held together by hydrogen bonds and is stable in solution is adopted by the hydrochloride salt of the expanded corrole shown. The synthesis, X-ray structure, and NMR and electronic absorption spectra of the new species all confirm the structural assignment in solution and in the solid state.