gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sesame: Self-Constructive System Energy Modeling for Battery-Powered Mobile Systems (2010)

System energy models are important for energy optimization and management in mobile systems. However, existing system energy models are built in lab with the help from a second computer. Not only are they labor-intensive; but also they will not adequately account for the great diversity in the hardware and usage of mobile systems. Moreover, existing system energy models are intended for energy estimation for time intervals of one second or longer; they do not provide the required rate for fine-grain use such as per-application energy accounting. In this work, we study a self-modeling paradigm in which a mobile system automatically generates its energy model without any external assistance. Our solution, Se-same, leverages the possibility of self power measurement through the smart battery interface and employs a suite of novel techniques to achieve accuracy and rate much higher than that of the smart battery interface. We report the implementation and evaluation of Se-same on a laptop and a smartphone. The experiment results show that Sesame generates system energy models of 95% accuracy at one estimation per second and 88% accuracy at one estimation per 10ms, without any external assistance. A five-day field studies with four laptop and four smartphones users further demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency, and noninvasiveness of Sesame.
Fibre Optic Sensor for Speed Measurement (1996)

Determination of speed is an important requirement in a wide variety of technical and industrial applications. The measurement of speed has evolved from pure mechanical to magnetoelectric and radio frequency (RF) based devices. There is however a demand for low-cost sensors capable of operating in potentially hazardous environments in which optical fibre sensors are more suited. In this thesis the development of a non-intrusive speed measurement sensor, based on optical technology is described. The optical fibre sensor described herein gives an almost instantaneous indication of the speed and is compared to a commercial speed sensor (Cateye, 1993) which relies on a magnet attached to a rotating surface yielding an averaged speed reading over several revolutions. The optical speed sensor requires incoherent light, conveniently provided by two low cost 780 nm CD-type laser diodes. The light was directed through a pair of spatially displaced fibres illuminating the moving surface. Some of the back-scattered light from the moving surface was collected by a second pair of fibres leading to two photodiodes (where the light information was converted into an electrical signal). An analogue to digital converter in conjunction with a PC (386SX-33) was used to digitise the signals from the photodiodes. The numeric data was then used to compute the speed of the moving surface using a cross-correlation technique. The optical fibre speed sensor was tested successfully on a large number of surfaces at speeds up to 30 km/h. It showed excellent agreement (better than 3%) with the commercial speed sensor. The absolute accuracy (about 9% at 30 km/h) is limited only by the quality of the analogue to digital converters and indirectly by the data processing capability of the PC.
On the cluster compositions in the classical binary nucleation theory (1993)

The classical binary nucleation theory is considered. It is shown that as a consequence of the Gibbs–Duhem equation and the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, an equation emerges which can be used together with the interior (bulk) mole fraction and radius of the critical cluster given by the theory to calculate the total numbers of molecules of both species in the cluster. Accordingly the overall (average) composition of the critical cluster is determined. Furthermore, it is noted that it is possible to use this equation to determine the interior (bulk) mole fraction of any sufficiently large spherical cluster with known total numbers of molecules, which allows the construction of a free energy surface within the framework of the classical nucleation theory. However, numerical calculations for the water–ethanol system result in strange predictions at some typical experimental conditions. Possible reasons for the unsuccessful predictions by the classical theory are discussed.
Separated-Spectral-Distribution Estimation Based on Bayesian Inference with Single RGB Camera (2021)

In this paper, we propose a novel method for separately estimating spectral distributions from images captured by a typical RGB camera. The proposed method allows us to separately estimate a spectral distribution of illumination, reflectance, or camera sensitivity, while recent hyperspectral cameras are limited to capturing a joint spectral distribution from a scene. In addition, the use of Bayesian inference makes it possible to take into account prior information of both spectral distributions and image noise as probability distributions. As a result, the proposed method can estimate spectral distributions in a unified way, and it can enhance the robustness of the estimation against noise, which conventional spectral-distribution estimation methods cannot. The use of Bayesian inference also enables us to obtain the confidence of estimation results. In an experiment, the proposed method is shown not only to outperform conventional estimation methods in terms of RMSE but also to be robust against noise.
Establish a six-primary color display without pixel-distortion and brightness loss (2008)

Recently, color reproduction stages are developed greatly, such as liquid-crystal displays, LCD TV, LCD projectors, DLP projectors, and etc. Wide-color-gamut displays are distinguishing feature of many display manufacturers. Many researches about multi-primary color displays are proposed, but there are still some problems which are not solved. This study proposed a novel multi-primary projection display system using two projectors. One of the two projectors is modified by changing two dichroic mirrors inside. The modified projector is combined with the other to a new six-primary color display. This study applies equal-luminance boundary theorem to construct gamut volume and evaluates the merit between gamut volume and brightness. By this method, the cut-off wavelength of dichroic mirrors can be found out. In the past, to align the images of the two projectors is pre-distorted to compensate the trapezoidal distortion. This study proposes to eliminate trapezoidal distortion by using the offset of the projector. This study directly changes dichroic mirrors to maintain the brightness and contrast, and solves lower brightness and contrast resulted from adding filters before. Additionally, this study uses a reflection mirror to twist projection path and also constructs a stage to align projection images more accurately.
Multiple metrics based load balancing routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (2009)

Existing on demand routing protocols for MANET's use shortest path as the routing metric, which leads to overuse of an existing path thereby creating hot spots leading to congestion and packet loss. Hence it is important for a routing protocol to adapt to increasing load conditions by timely estimating the load and avoid such congested nodes during route formation. Estimating the load is difficult in MANET's due to time varying channel conditions and contention among neighboring nodes. Through this study we attempt to provide a solution for discovering new routing paths which are efficient and have lesser traffic. We suggest a new method that characterizes the traffic by considering three parameters channel load, channel access contentions and remaining energy at a node into routing decisions. Estimating the channel conditions can effectively determine congestion. Another factor that contributes to better performance is that of stability, which is done by determining the energy level associated with a node. Multipath versions of on demand routing protocols are designed for minimizing routing overhead and end to end delay, but incorporating load awareness can further improve their performance. So this study aims at enhancing AOMDV with load awareness. Simulation studies show that proposed mechanism significantly improves the performance of AOMDV under different scenarios.
Effects of a soluble activin type 2B receptor Fc fusion protein (STM 217) in TOV-21G, a mouse xenograft model of clear cell ovarian cancer. (2013)

2541 Background: Response rate and survival with the clear cell subtype of ovarian cancer is has not been improved by the introduction of platinum and taxane chemotherapy. Elevated serum activin is associated with inferior ovarian cancer survival, suggesting that activin inhibition may provide a new treatment strategy. STM 217 (recombinant hu-sActR2B-Fc) is a potent (IC 50 &lt; 1nM) inhibitor of activin and myostatin signaling that was tested for anti-ovarian tumor activity. Methods: Athymic nude mice received TOV-21g (clear cell ovarian cancer model) xenografts in the abdominal flank region and after 14 days, weekly subcutaneous STM 217 was administered alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Mice were monitored for body weight and tumor volume. Results: After 52 days from tumor cell injection, STM 217 treatment resulted in a statistically significant 43% (p&lt;0.0001) tumor growth reduction, versus the vehicle-treated tumor bearing group tested using ANOVA. In the combination efficacy experiment, 5-FU monotherapy resulted in a 47% (p&lt;0.0001) tumor growth reduction, and the combination of STM217 and 5-FU together resulted in a 73% (p&lt;0.0001) tumor growth reduction. During the course of the study, body weight of the mice receiving STM 217 increased by 26%, mice receiving STM 217 and 5-FU increased by 22%, while control tumor bearing mice receiving vehicle exhibited a 10% body weight loss. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that inhibition of activin signaling by use of a ligand trap results in antitumor activity, both as a monotherapy, and that additive activity was observed in combination with chemotherapy. Increases in body weight were not impaired by concomitant administration of 5-FU chemotherapy. This study suggests that a phase 1 clinical trial of activin inhibition in metastatic ovarian cancer is warranted.
ChemInform Abstract: Rechargeable Manganese Oxide Electrodes. Part 2. Physically Modified Materials. (1988)

Abstract It is demonstrated that physical admixtures of Bi 2 O 3 or PbO impart rechargeable behavior to a variety of manganese oxides, regardless of their chain, tunnel, or layer structure.
Face-Viewing Patterns in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Speaking up for the Role of Language Comprehension (2014)

Variability in language comprehension is an important factor to monitor when interpreting face-viewing patterns in young children with ASD, particularly with regard to mouth viewing. The results may help explain divergent findings in this field of research.
Correction: Bayesian parameter estimation for dynamical models in systems biology (2023)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010651.].
Multi-label Image Recognition Based on Multi-modal Graph Convolutional Networks Using Captioning Features (2021)

This paper presents a multi-label image recognition model based on multi-modal Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) using captioning features. GCN have been frequently exploited to model label dependencies in recent studies of multi-label image recognition. However, the dependencies are built on information directly from the images. In this paper, we imports captioning features into the GCN-based multi-label image recognition model to use both image and text information. By introducing image captioning into the GCN model, the accuracy of multi-label image recognition can be improved. The experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Infrared small target detection method based on decomposition of polarization information (2017)

A method of feature extraction and small target detection, based on infrared polarization, which uses the technical superiority of infrared polarization imaging in artificial target detection to solve the clutter interference problem in infrared target detection, is proposed. First, using the differences in the polarization characteristics of the artificial target and the natural background, the infrared polarization information models for the target and background are established. The compositions of intensity information, polarization information, and target polarization information are extracted, and enhancement measures are analyzed. Then, the variable polarization theories are combined to extract the target polarization characteristics and suppress the background clutter. Finally, the infrared small target is detected, and comparisons with existing methods demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method.
Direct Observation of Bound State Beta Decay of Bare207Tl at FRS-ESR (2002)

We observed the bound-state beta decay of fully ionized 207Tl nuclei circulating in a storage ring. It is the first direct measurement of bound-state beta decay. 207Tl nuclei were produced by the projectile fragmentation, separated by fragment separator and injected in the storage ring. Using the Schottky diagnostics the decay time spectrum of bare 207Tl and hydrogen like 207Pb ions which are the daughter nuclei of bound-state beta decay were measured. Observed decay-rate ratio between bound-state and continuous-state beta decay was 0.18(2). This value is consistent with the theoretical calculation.
A multi-emission frequency domain modulator (2002)

The development of mobile and portable multi-emission transceivers for analog and digital transmission over a wide frequency range requires the development of integrated modulator and demodulator systems. An experimental multi-emission frequency domain modulator that operates in the frequency range from approximately 5 MHz to 1 GHz is described. Using passive integrated components such as splitters, hybrids, and double-balanced mixers, as well as monolithic broadband amplifiers, the modulator modulates a carrier with a baseband signal in AM, SSB, DSB, FM, PM, or a variety of n-phase-shift keying (PSK)-modes. The analog modulations are generated using frequency domain techniques, i.e., the carrier and each sideband pair are independently generated. The n-PSK modes are developed by combining inphase, +or-90 degrees , and 180 degrees components using amplifiers/attenuators and an in-phase combiner. The performance of this modulator is discussed, as well as extensions to this technique to wideband FM, spread spectrum, and demodulation. Suitable architectures for a transceiver that incorporates this circuit, including integration of this modulator into a monolithic package, are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Diels–Alder Reaction on Free C68 Fullerene and Endohedral Sc3N@C68 Fullerene Violating the Isolated Pentagon Rule: Importance of Pentagon Adjacency (2014)

The reaction mechanism and regioselectivity of the Diels-Alder reactions of C68 and Sc3N@C68, which violate the isolated pentagon rule, were studied with density functional theory calculations. For C68, the [5,5] bond is the most favored thermodynamically, whereas the cycloaddition on the [5,6] bond has the lowest activation energy. Upon encapsulation of the metallic cluster, the exohedral reactivity of Sc3N@C68 is reduced remarkably owing to charge transfer from the cluster to the fullerene cage. The [5,5] bond becomes the most reactive site thermodynamically and kinetically. The bonds around the pentagon adjacency show the highest chemical reactivity, which demonstrates the importance of pentagon adjacency. Furthermore, the viability of Diels-Alder cycloadditions of several dienes and Sc3N@C68 was examined theoretically. o-Quinodimethane is predicted to react with Sc3N@C68 easily, which implies the possibility of using Diels-Alder cycloaddition to functionalize Sc3N@C68.
WNT signaling inducing activity in ascites predicts poor outcome in ovarian cancer (2019)

High grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum (HGSC) is the deadliest gynecological disease which results in a five-year survival rate of 30% or less. HGSC is characterized by the early and rapid development of metastases accompanied by a high frequency of ascites <i>i.e.</i> the pathological accumulation of fluid in peritoneum. Ascites constitute a complex tumor microenvironment and contribute to disease progression by largely unknown mechanisms. <b>Methods:</b> Malignant ascites obtained from HGSC patients who had undergone cytoreductive surgery were tested for their ability to induce WNT signaling in the Kuramochi cell line, a novel and clinically relevant <i>in vitro</i> model of HGSC. Next, cancer spheroids (the main form of metastatic cancer cells in ascites) were evaluated with respect to WNT signaling. Kuramochi cells were used to determine the role of individual WNT signaling branches in the adoption of metastatic stem cell-like behavior by HGSC cells. Furthermore, we analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data on WNT/Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) components retrieved from public cancer databases and corroborated with primary patient samples and validated antibodies on the protein level. <b>Results:</b> We have shown that ascites are capable of inducing WNT signaling in primary HGSC cells and HGSC cell line, Kuramochi. Importantly, patients whose ascites cannot activate WNT pathway present with less aggressive disease and a considerably better outcome including overall survival (OS). Functionally, the activation of non-canonical WNT/PCP signaling by WNT5A (and not canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling by WNT3A) promoted the metastatic stem-cell (metSC) like behavior (<i>i.e.</i> self-renewal, migration, and invasion) of HGSC cells. The pharmacological inhibition of casein kinase 1 (CK1) as well as genetic ablation (dishevelled 3 knock out) of the pathway blocked the WNT5A-induced effect. Additionally, WNT/PCP pathway components were differentially expressed between healthy and tumor tissue as well as between the primary tumor and metastases. Additionally, ascites which activated WNT/PCP signaling contained the typical WNT/PCP ligand WNT5A and interestingly, patients with high levels of WNT5A protein in their ascites exhibited poor progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in comparison to patients with low or undetectable ascitic WNT5A. Together, our results suggest the existence of a positive feedback loop between tumor cells producing WNT ligands and ascites that distribute WNT activity to cancer cells in the peritoneum, in order to promote their pro-metastatic features and drive HGSC progression. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results highlight the role of WNT/PCP signaling in ovarian cancerogenesis, indicate a possible therapeutic potential of CK1 inhibitors for HGSC, and strongly suggest that the detection of WNT pathway inducing activity ascites (or WNT5A levels in ascites as a surrogate marker) could be a novel prognostic tool for HGSC patients.
Computational Models Reduce Complexity and Accelerate Insight Into Cardiac Signaling Networks (2011)

Cardiac signaling networks exhibit considerable complexity in size and connectivity. The intrinsic complexity of these networks complicates the interpretation of experimental findings. This motivates new methods for investigating the mechanisms regulating cardiac signaling networks and the consequences these networks have on cardiac physiology and disease. Next-generation experimental techniques are also generating a wealth of genomic and proteomic data that can be difficult to analyze or interpret. Computational models are poised to play a key role in addressing these challenges. Computational models have a long history in contributing to the understanding of cardiac physiology and are useful for identifying biological mechanisms, inferring multiscale consequences to cell signaling activities and reducing the complexity of large data sets. Models also integrate well with experimental studies to explain experimental observations and generate new hypotheses. Here, we review the contributions computational modeling approaches have made to the analysis of cardiac signaling networks and forecast opportunities for computational models to accelerate cardiac signaling research.
Epitope Tag Mapping of the Extracellular and Cytoplasmic Domains of the Rat Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)/PTH-Related Peptide Receptor**This work was supported by the NIDDK, NIH (Grant DK-11794–26). (1998)

The PTH/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor is predicted to span the plasma membrane seven times with an amino-terminal extracellular extension and a cytoplasmic carboxyl-terminal tail. To assess this prediction, we inserted 10- or 9-amino acid epitope tags from c-myc or hemophilus influenza hemaglutinin (HA), which are recognized by the monoclonal antibodies 9E10 and 12Ca5, respectively, in different extracellular and cytoplasmic regions of the receptor and examined the immunoreactivity of the epitopes in intact and permeabilized cells. The data show that the epitopes were well tolerated when introduced into the E2 region of the extracellular amino-terminus (E2-myc and E2-HA), in the first extracellular loop (EL1), in the second and third cytoplasmic loops (CL2c and CL3), or in the carboxyl-terminal tail (T-myc). Receptors tagged at these locations were well expressed, bound PTH with high affinity, and increased cAMP accumulation with a good efficiency. Receptors tagged in the second and third extracellular loops (EL2c and EL3c) or the first cytoplasmic loop (CL1c) bound the PTH radioligand with a low affinity, stimulated cAMP accumulation with a low efficiency, and had low expression levels. The receptors tagged on presumed extracellular regions, E2-myc, E2-HA, EL1, EL2c, and EL3c, were readily detected on the surface of intact cells with the monoclonal antibody against the epitope tag. In contrast, receptors tagged with the c-myc epitope in the cytoplasmic loops (CL1c, CL2c, and CL3) or in the carboxyl-terminal tail (T-myc) did not show any 9E10 binding in intact cells. These receptors, however, were well expressed on the cell surface, as detected by the binding of the monoclonal antibody, 12Ca5, to the HA tag that was introduced into the E2 region of these constructs. The c-myc epitopes, however, became accessible after permeabilization of the cell membrane. In conclusion, these data provide experimental evidence for the sidedness of the extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of the PTH/PTHrP receptor.
Environmental and biological monitoring of PAHs exposure in coke-oven workers at the Taranto plant compared to two groups from the general population of Apulia, Italy. (2012)

Although lower than in the past, PAHs exposure in the coke plant still poses a health risk for workers and the general population and requires further efforts to improve workplace conditions.
MO-F-BRB-04: Fast Estimation of Secondary Particle Therapy Dose Using a Modified Track Repeating Method (2012)

Estimation of secondary dose from particle therapy has so far been largely an academic exercise. This method for fast estimation of secondary dose brings patient / plan specific information within reach, allowing clinicians to make informed decisions on the potential long-term risks associated with specific dose delivery plans. Partial funding from NSF grant CBET-0853157.