gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factors Controlling In Situ Biogeochemical Transformation of Trichloroethene: Field Survey (2014)

Abstract We have previously defined in situ biogeochemical transformation as the biogenic formation of reactive minerals that are capable of abiotically degrading chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethene without accumulation of degradation products such as vinyl chloride (AFCEE et al. ). This process has been implemented in biowalls used to intercept contaminated groundwater. Abiotic patterns of contaminant degradation were observed at Altus Air Force Base ( AFB ) and in an associated column study, but not at other sites including Dover AFB . These abiotic patterns were associated with biogenic formation of reactive iron sulfide minerals. Iron sulfides in the form of small individual grains, coatings on magnetite, and sulfur‐deficient pyrite framboids were observed in samples collected from the Altus AFB biowalls and one of the EPA columns. Larger iron sulfide grains coated with oxide layers were observed in samples collected from Dover AFB . Altus AFB and the EPA column differed from Dover AFB in that groundwater flow at Dover AFB was relatively slow and potentially reversing. High volumetric sulfate consumption rates, an abiotic pattern of trichloroethene ( TCE ) degradation, and the formation of small, high surface area iron sulfide particles were associated with relatively high rates of TCE removal via an abiotic pattern. Geochemical modeling demonstrated that iron monosulfides such as mackinawite were near saturation, and iron disulfides such as pyrite were supersaturated at all sites. This environmental condition can be supportive of nucleation of small particles rather than crystal growth leading to larger particles. When nucleation is dominant, small, high surface area, and reactive particles result. When crystal growth dominates the crystals are larger and have lower specific surface area and reactivity. These results taken together suggest that creation of a dynamic environment can promote biogeochemical transformation based on generation of reactive iron sulfides.
Alkaloid Studies. VIII.1 The Structures of the Diterpenoid Alkaloids Laurifoline and Cuauchichicine (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkaloid Studies. VIII.1 The Structures of the Diterpenoid Alkaloids Laurifoline and CuauchichicineCarl Djerassi, C. R. Smith, A. E. Lippman, S. K. Figdor, and J. HerranCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 18, 4801–4807Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01623a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01623a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The enhancement of Q factor for patterned ground shield inductors at high temperatures (2006)

We report on an effective way of using a patterned ground shield (PGS) to enhance the Q factor of on-chip spiral inductors. We fabricated PGS inductors using both 0.18 /spl mu/m and 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS processes, with M1 and poly strip PGSs, respectively. The strip width and spacing of the PGSs are W/sub g/=0.8 /spl mu/m and S/sub g/=0.45 /spl mu/m, with metal thicknesses of t/sub p/={0.54,0.2} /spl mu/m in the 0.18 /spl mu/m process, and t/sub p/={0.6,0.3} /spl mu/m in the 0.35 /spl mu/m process. The separation distance D between PGS and top metal layer is different in both processes. We found that the Q factor degradation of inductors at high temperatures can be effectively compensated by using PGS. Among all geometric parameters of a PGS in the 0.18 /spl mu/m process, the parameter D is the critical factor for the shielding effectiveness, and M1 PGS is much more efficient than poly strip PGS in improving the inductor performance over the temperature range of 298 K to 358 K. However, in the 0.35 /spl mu/m process the latter is better than the former.
Molecular and serological investigation of the 2021 COVID-19 case surge in Mongolian vaccinees (2021)

Abstract A surge in Covid-19 cases in Mongolia in March 2021 resulted in a government-mandated shutdown. This shutdown was relaxed in May 2021 as case numbers decreased and nationwide vaccination rates using Sinopharm, Covishield/AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, and Pfizer/BioNTech vaccines exceeded 50% of the population. Case rates increased again in early June 2021 in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. To determine whether the surge was due to the emergence of Delta or another variant, or vaccine failure, a rapid, opportunistic investigation was conducted that comprised virus sequence analysis of nasal swab samples from breakthrough cases and antibody assays of plasma from healthy vaccinees. More than 90% of breakthrough infections during the second case surge were due to the Alpha variant. Spike protein ELISA and SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays data revealed large differences in plasma titers of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, with mRNA vaccines eliciting higher titers than adenovirus-vectored or killed virus vaccines.
Angiotensinblockade mit Saralasin (1976)

The angiotensin antagonist saralasin was given intravenously to six normotensive students before and after dietary sodium restriction and to two patients with renovascular hypertension. Both patients responded to the angiotensin antagonist with a decrease of the systolic (32 and 38 mm Hg) and of the diastolic (29 and 16 mm Hg) blood pressure. The small changes in blood pressure observed in the normotensive subjects during the infusion of the angiotensin antagonist indicate that angiotensin II plays no important role in the control of normal blood pressure in recumbent men. The fall in blood pressure induced by saralasin in both patients, however, demonstrates that their hypertension was at least partly angiotensin-dependent. Renal vein renin determination led to the same conclusions. The saralasin infusion test seems to be a simple procedure to diagnose angiotensin-dependent hypertension and will probably help to identify patients with suspected renovascular hypertension.
Floquet wave ultrasonic method for determination of single ply moduli in multidirectional composites (2002)

An inversion method based on Floquet wave velocity in a periodic medium has been introduced to determine the single ply elastic moduli of a multi-ply composite. The stability of this algorithm is demonstrated by numerical simulation. The applicability of the plane wave approximation to the velocity measurement in the double-through-transmission self-reference method has been analyzed using a time-domain beam model. It shows that the finite width of the transmitter affects only the amplitudes of the signals and has almost no effect on the time delay. Using this method, the ply moduli for a multiply composite have been experimentally determined. While the paper focuses on elastic constant reconstruction from phase velocity measurements by the self-reference double-through-transmission method, the reconstruction methodology is also applicable to assessment of data collected by other methods.
Analysis of Thermal-Regulation and Comfort Associated with User Perceptions and Garment Performance (2018)

This study is designed to understand post-exercise comfort perceptions by exploring the relationship between users and garments. Influenced by new technologies from fibres, manufacturing techniques, and surface coatings athletic apparel is changing. These technologies can influence the quality of daily pursuits, and by assessing psychological and physiological responses to physical activity, it's possible to optimise garment performance. To that end, this paper presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis of thermal regulation and comfort perceptions within a controlled laboratory environment. A group of eleven healthy athletic female participants performed a twenty-minute high-intensity interval training running session (HIIT) and subsequent transition activity period. Participants had vitals monitored and were periodically prompted with specific questions to gauge their perceptions of effort, temperature, exertion, and comfort. The results suggest that perceptual differences are minor when evaluating apparel design during highintensity exercise, and perhaps the efforts of garment design optimization would be best placed in an immediately subsequent activity type.
Predisposing Effects of Low Temperature on Resistance to Winter Stress Factors in Grasses (1984)

Abstract Seed propagated and vegetatively propagated plants from Phleum pratense and Phalaris arundinacea, hardened and unhardened, were exposed to the winter stress factors freezing and/or inoculation with snow mould fungi, Fusarium nivale and Typlutla ishikariensis. Exposure to both freezing and fungal inoculation in combination resulted in more severe damage than exposure to either factor alone. Artificial hardening increased resistance to the winter stress factors, the effect was especially pronounced on plants exposed to the combination of two stress factors. Resistance to freezing was significantly correlated with resistance to T. ishikariensis in hardened plants, but not in unhardened ones. Hardened and unhardened plants of the same genotype showed correlated resistance to T. ishikariensis, but not correlated freezing resistance. In the plant material investigated the variation in resistance due to environmental factors was greater than the genetic variation.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Oxazolidine‐Containing Peptides: Unusual Effects in RhIII‐Catalyzed Acetalizations of Aldehydes with Urethane‐Protected Serine and Threonine Esters and with Dipeptides Containing Serine or Threonine Residues at the N‐Terminus. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Miniature in-line photonic-crystal-fiber etalon fabricated by 157nm laser micromachining (2008)

A miniature in-line fiber-optic Fabry-Perot etalon sensor is fabricated on a photonic-crystal-fiber (PCF) by using 157nm laser micromachining for the first time to our knowledge. Experimental results show that such a PCF-based etalon sensor has an excellent fringe visibility of up to ~26dB due to the mirror-finish quality of the two cavity surfaces inside the PCF. This etalon sensor can be used as an ideal one for precise strain measurement under high temperature of up to 800&deg;C. It can offer other outstanding advantages, such as fast and easy fabrication, high reproducibility, capacity of mass-production, low-cost, low temperature-strain cross-sensitivity, and high signal-to-noise ratio, etc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ligands Related to the O‐Specific Antigen of Shigella dysenteriae Type 1. Part 6. Synthesis of Methyl O‐α‐L‐ Rhamnopyranosyl‐(1 → 2)‐α‐D‐galactopyranosides Specifically Deoxygenated at Position 3, 4, or 6 of the Galactose Residue. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Genetic variants in DNA repair pathways and risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancers: combined analysis of data from two genome-wide association studies in European populations (2014)

DNA repair pathways are good candidates for upper aerodigestive tract cancer susceptibility because of their critical role in maintaining genome integrity. We have selected 13 pathways involved in DNA repair representing 212 autosomal genes. To assess the role of these pathways and their associated genes, two European data sets from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium were pooled, totaling 1954 cases and 3121 controls, with documented demographic, lifetime alcohol and tobacco consumption information. We applied an innovative approach that tests single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-sets within DNA repair pathways and then within genes belonging to the significant pathways. We showed an association between the polymerase pathway and oral cavity/pharynx cancers (P-corrected = 4.45 × 10(-) (2)), explained entirely by the association with one SNP, rs1494961 (P = 2.65 × 10(-) (4)), a missense mutation V306I in the second exon of HELQ gene. We also found an association between the cell cycle regulation pathway and esophagus cancer (P-corrected = 1.48 × 10(-) (2)), explained by three SNPs located within or near CSNK1E gene: rs1534891 (P = 1.27 × 10(-) (4)), rs7289981 (P = 3.37 × 10(-) (3)) and rs13054361 (P = 4.09 × 10(-) (3)). As a first attempt to investigate pathway-level associations, our results suggest a role of specific DNA repair genes/pathways in specific upper aerodigestive tract cancer sites.
A structure-preserving finite element method for compressible ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamics (2021)

We construct a structure-preserving finite element method and time-stepping scheme for compressible barotropic magnetohydrodynamics both in the ideal and resistive cases, and in the presence of viscosity. The method is deduced from the geometric variational formulation of the equations. It preserves the balance laws governing the evolution of total energy and magnetic helicity, and preserves mass and the constraint $\text {div}B = 0$ to machine precision, both at the spatially and temporally discrete levels. In particular, conservation of energy and magnetic helicity hold at the discrete levels in the ideal case. It is observed that cross-helicity is well conserved in our simulation in the ideal case.
High abstraction Level Complexity Analysis: a Methodology and Tool for Extracting Architectural Information from generic C Algorithmic Descriptions (2005)

Keywords: LTS3 Reference LTS-CONF-2005-076 Record created on 2006-06-14, modified on 2016-08-08
Effects of estradiol injection on milk composition, milk fat lipolysis and lipase activity in the non-pregnant dairy cow (1994)

Differences in the energy cost of eating (ECE) may contribute to differences in metabolisable energy (ME) utilization by horses. To quantify the significance of this phenomenon, the time spent eating by horses was determined by recording jaw movements for 1 d per animal and per treat- ment, while energy expenditure (EE) was con- tinuously measured over 4 d using 2 large opencircuit respiration chambers. Five adult sport horses were fed at 1.26 times maintenance in 2
Visualization of the Internal Soybean Structure by the Three-Dimensional Spectral Imaging System (3D-SIS) (2004)

ダイズ種子の発芽に伴う形態生理変化の可視化を目的に,励起蛍光マトリクス(EEM)とマイクロスライサを利用した3次元可視化手法の開発を試みた.ダイズ種子断面のEEMを計測・主成分分析し,可視化に有効な波長条件を選定した.次に,マイクロスライサによって露出される連続断面に対して,選定した計測波長条件で順次撮影し,主成分分析を利用した情報圧縮により,連続断面を可視化した.これら可視化した連続断面画像をボリュームレンダリングすることにより,立体再構築した.この手法を用いて,吸水直後から発芽までの3段階のダイズ種子内部の3次元可視化を試みた.低波長領域の計測波長(波長セットA)で発芽前ダイズを3次元可視化したところ,維管束状構造及び胚軸が観察された.しかし,発芽に伴い,胚軸を可視化することはできなくなり,維管束構造を観察することは困難になった.一方,高波長領域の計測波長(波長セットB)では,発芽前ダイズを可視化することはできなかった.しかし,発芽後には,この波長領域で維管束状の構造が観察された.更に,仮想的に内部を観察した結果,両子葉間に初生葉が発現している様子が見られた.以上より,ダイズ種子の発芽過程において,内部の形態構造及び成分特性の変化が可視化され,本手法が生体の内部構造の3次元可視化に有効であることが明らかになった.
Thermal expansion at elevated temperatures. II. Aluminium oxide: experimental data between 100 and 800 K and their analysis (1972)

Using applications of interferometric apparatus described previously, earlier uncertainties in the linear coefficients of thermal expansion of high purity single crystal alpha -Al2O3 have been resolved in the a and c crystallographic axis directions between approximately 100 and 800 K. The results have been used in association with related measurements of specific heat, elastic constants and their pressure dependence to calculate the mean Gruneisen parameter as a function of temperature, the temperature dependences of a weighted average of the vibrational frequencies and of the geometric mean frequency of the spectrum. Values of the moments nu n of the frequency distribution f( nu ) have been calculated for -3<or=n<or=6, and their dimensional dependences gamma /sub ///(n) and gamma perpendicular to (n), corresponding to directions parallel and perpendicular to the c crystallographic axis direction respectively, have been derived for -3<or=n<or=4. Finally, the signs of the first and second anharmonic coefficients in the specific heat and entropy have been identified, together with that of the anharmonic contribution to the Gruneisen parameter, and the magnitude of the first of these quantities has been assessed at (0<A<2)*10-5K-1.
Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Aldehydes with Cyclic Dialkyldiaminoaluminum Hydrides (2002)

A senes of bis(dialkylamino)aluminum hydride reagents, which possesses various dialkylamines of different steric environments, has been reported as good reducing agents for the direct conversion of free carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes.1-3 In continuation of our efforts to explore new reducing agents for such transformation, we prepared cyclic dialkyldiaminoaluminum hydrides (1 and 2) and examined their general reducing action toward various organic functional groups. In the course of a systematic study, we found that these cyclic diaminoaluminum hydrides appear to be the reagents of choice for converting aromatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes. Herein, we report such a transformation using newly-devised reducing agents.
DLITE—An inexpensive, deployable interferometer for solar radio burst observations (2022)

Solar radio bursts (SRBs) are brief periods of enhanced radio emission from the Sun. SRBs can provide unique insights into the plasma structure where emission occurs. SRBs can also provide critical information concerning space weather events such as coronal mass ejections or solar energetic particle events. Providing continuous monitoring of SRBs requires a full network of detectors continuously monitoring the Sun. A promising new network is being developed, employing a four-element interferometer called the Deployable Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (DLITE) array. DLITE, which operates in a 30–40 MHz band, was specifically designed to probe the Earth’s ionosphere using high resolution measurements (1.024-s temporal resolution, 16.276-kHz frequency resolution); however, this also makes DLITE a powerful new tool for providing detailed observations of SRBs at these frequencies. DLITE is particularly adept at detecting long-duration SRBs like Type II and Type IV bursts. DLITE provides high resolution SRB data that can complement ground-based networks like e-Callisto or space-based observations, e.g., from Wind /WAVES. As an inexpensive interferometer, DLITE has strong potential as an educational tool: DLITE can be used to study the ionosphere, SRBs, and even Jovian radio bursts. Future DLITE arrays could be enhanced by using the full 20–80 MHz band accessible by the antennas and employing its millisecond time-resolution capability; this would improve DLITE’s ability to track long-duration bursts, create the opportunity to study short-duration Type III bursts in detail, and, in particular, make the study of Type I bursts practical.
SrSnO₃ Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor With GHz Operation (2020)

A SrSnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> high-frequency field-effect transistor (FET) is demonstrated. The device structure consists of a recessed Schottky-gate FET with a heavily doped cap layer. DC measurements on devices with 0.5-μm gate length and 4-μm source/drain spacing show a maximum drain current of 53 mA/mm and a maximum transconductance of 43.2 mS/mm. Radio frequency (RF) characterization reveals a cut-off frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> , of 1.31 GHz (0.97 GHz) and a maximum oscillation frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> , of 3.25 (3.25) GHz, after (before) de-embedding. These results represent an important advancement in developing perovskite materials for RF applications.
Synthesis and biological activity of NOSH-naproxen (AVT-219) and NOSH-sulindac (AVT-18A) as potent anti-inflammatory agents with chemotherapeutic potential (2013)

Nitric oxide- (NO) and hydrogen sulfide- (H<sub>2</sub>S) releasing naproxen (NOSH-naproxen) and NO and H<sub>2</sub>S-releasing sulindac (NOSH-sulindac) were synthesized and their cell growth inhibitory properties were evaluated in four different human cancer cell lines. These cell lines are of adenomatous (colon, pancreas), epithelial (breast), and lymphocytic (leukemia) origin. Using HT-29 human colon cancer cells, NOSH-naproxen and NOSH-sulindac increased apoptosis, and inhibited proliferation. NOSH-naproxen caused a G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> whereas NOSH-sulindac caused a G<sub>2</sub>/M block in the cell cycle. Both compounds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties, using the carrageenan rat paw edema model. Reconstitution and structure-activity studies representing a fairly close approximation to the intact molecule showed that NOSH-naproxen was approximately 8000-fold more potent than the sum of its parts in inhibiting cell growth. Our data suggest that these compounds merit further investigation as potential anti-cancer agents.