gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Dendritic-Cell-Based Vaccines to Modulate Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell Populations (2023)

Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are a type of immunotherapy that relies on the communication of DCs with other aspects of the immune system. DCs are potent antigen-presenting cells involved in the activation of innate immune responses and education of adaptive immunity, making them ideal targets for immunotherapies. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are relatively newly identified in the field of immunology and have important roles in health and disease. The studies described here explored the communications between type 3 ILCs (ILC3s) and DCs using a murine model of DC-based vaccination. Local and systemic changes in ILC3 populations following the administration of a DC vaccine were observed, and upon challenge with B16F10 melanoma cells, changes in ILC3 populations in the lungs were observed. The interactions between DCs and ILC3s should be further explored to determine the potential that their communications could have in health, disease, and the development of immunotherapies.
1,N6‐Etheno‐2′‐doexytubercidin and Pyrrolo‐C: Synthesis, Base Pairing, and Fluorescence Properties of 7‐Deazapurine Nucleosides and Oligonucleotides. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A 65 nm Gate-Level Pipelined Self-Synchronous FPGA for High Performance and Variation Robust Operation (2011)

A 65 nm self-synchronous field programmable gate array (SSFPGA) with delay insensitive operation and pipeline granularity at the gate level, is shown to be robust to process voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. The proposed SSFPGA employs a 38 × 38 array of four-input, three-stage self-synchronous configurable logic blocks, with the introduction of a new dual tree-divider four-input, three-pipeline stage LUT to achieve a 2.97 GHz throughput at 1.2 V. Correct operation is measured with 500 mVp-p, 1.12 GHz externally introduced power supply noise at 1.2 V power supply, equivalent to 42% power supply bounce. Sensitivity against power supply noise frequency has been measured, and confirmed with simulation results to show a strong correlation with the average operating frequency. Correct operation was shown over 10 chips with 16% performance variation, with VDD change from 728 mV to 2 V, and temperature change from 0°C to 120°C, without tuning any input parameters such as clock frequency, supply voltages and biases. Results show the SSFPGA can adapt and is inherently robust to these variations with internal throughput measured from 300 MHz to 4.07 GHz, while maintaining correct operation. The operation under noisey power supply conditions is compared to a conventional synchronous FPGA, which show the SSFPGA has 4.2 times error free operation. The failure mode is also measured on the SSFPGA using an accelerated stress cycle between 0°C and 120°C at 2 V, showing the SSFPGA has 8% longer correct operation before chip malfunction past a 10% delay margin commonly used in synchronous systems.
The Impact of Mattirolella crustosa (Termitariales, Deuteromycetes) on Species of Nasutitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae) in Panama (1982)

The parasitic fungus Mattirolella crustosa is found frequently in colonies of Nasutitermes corniger and N. ephratae termites in Panamá. Soldier termites are infected more commonly than either of the worker castes; infected reproductives were never found. The percentage of soldiers infected by the fungus at one time is low (usually less than 2%). Data on the detrimental effect of M. crustosa infection on termite survivorship are presented.
Intestinal region reconstruction of ileus cases from 3D CT images based on graphical representation and its visualization (2021)

This paper proposes an intestinal region reconstruction method from CT volumes of ileus cases. Binarized intestine segmentation results often contain incorrect contacts or loops. We utilize the 3D U-Net to estimate the distance map, which is high only at the centerlines of the intestines, to obtain regions around the centerlines. Watershed algorithm is utilized with local maximums of the distance maps as seeds for obtaining “intestine segments”. Those intestine segments are connected as graphs, for removing incorrect contacts and loops and to extract “intestine paths”, which represent how intestines are running. Experimental results using 19 CT volumes showed that our proposed method properly estimated intestine paths. These results were intuitively visualized for understanding the shape of the intestines and finding obstructions.
The Direct Production of Positives in the Camera by Means of Thiourea and its Compounds (1913)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Direct Production of Positives in the Camera by Means of Thiourea and its CompoundsFrancis C. FraryFrancis C. FraryMore by Francis C. Frary, Ralph W. MitchellRalph W. MitchellMore by Ralph W. Mitchell, and Russell E. BakerRussell E. BakerMore by Russell E. BakerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1913, 17, 1, 33–40Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1913Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1913https://doi.org/10.1021/j150136a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (370 KB) Get e-Alerts
Large-eddy / Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulation of Cavity-Stabilized Ethylene Combustion (2014)

Abstract In this study, a hybrid large-eddy/Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (LES/RANS) method is used to simulate ethylene combustion inside a cavity flameholder. The cavity flameholder considered is Configuration E of University of Virginia’s Scramjet Combustion Facility, which consists of a Mach 2 inlet nozzle, a constant-area isolator, a combustor, and an extender, through which the exhaust gases are vented to the atmosphere. To increase the fuel-residence time, a cavity is fitted along the upper wall inside the combustor section of the flameholder. The configuration has the capability of injecting ethylene through a series of ports located upstream of and inside the cavity along the upper wall the combustor. In the simulations, ethylene combustion is modeled using a 22-species ethylene oxidation mechanism. Also, a synthetic eddy method is used to introduce turbulence at the inflow plane of the flameholder. For an equivalence ratio of 0.15, a cavity stabilized flame is predicted. Predictions are compared with line-of-sight temperature, water column-density, water mole-fraction, CO column-density, and CO 2 column-density measurements at three stations within and downstream of the cavity. Agreement with experiment is generally good within the cavity. Downstream of the cavity, the simulations predict higher temperatures near the wall. Analysis of the flame structure predicted by the LES/RANS method indicates that the flame propagates into a stoichiometric to fuel-rich mixture near the cavity. Flame angles captured in the simulation are in close agreement with those predicted through classical premixed turbulent flame-speed estimates. Further downstream, the flame structure is non-premixed in character, and near complete conversion of CO to CO 2 is observed by the time the flame reaches the combustor exit.
Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2005)

the authors reply: Arias et al. correctly note that diabetes is an independent risk factor for congestive heart failure. Data from the Cardiovascular Health Study have also shown a significant independent relationship between diabetes and the development of congestive heart failure1; most cases of heart failure in that cohort were associated with a normal or near-normal ejection fraction — that is, they were cases of diastolic heart failure.1-3 We agree that aggressive control of diabetes, as well as of hypertension, should be considered an important component of the management of heart failure.
Schnellere postoperative Rekonvaleszenz - Fast-track-Rehabilitation in der Kolonchirurgie (2006)

Jährlich treten in Deutschland bei etwa 12000-20000 Patienten nach 60000 elektiven Kolonresektionen allgemeine Komplikationen auf. Ungefähr 600 der 1200 jährlichen postoperativen Todesfälle sind allein auf allgemeine Komplikationen zurückzuführen. Zudem können die Patienten nach laparoskopischen Kolonresektionen erst nach zehn bis zwölf Tagen aus dem Krankenhaus entlassen werden, nach konventionellen Kolonresektionen beträgt die Krankenhausverweildauer sogar 14-18 Tage. Interdisziplinäre multimodale klinische Behandlungspfade wie die Fast-track-Rehabilitation dagegen vermeiden die meisten allgemeinen Komplikationen und ermöglichen es daher, die Patienten bereits innerhalb weniger Tage nach der Operation zu entlassen, wie diese prospektive Untersuchung an 153 Patienten dokumentiert. In der Regel vertrugen die Patienten die normale Krankenhauskost schon am ersten Tag, der erste Stuhlgang trat am zweiten Tag auf, und die Patienten konnten bereits vier Tage nach der Dickdarmresektion wieder aus der stationären Behandlung entlassen werden. Nur bei 8,5 % aller Patienten wurden allgemeine Komplikationen beobachtet, nach lokal komplikationslosem Verlauf traten sie sogar nur bei 3 % der Patienten auf. Die postoperative Letalität betrug weniger als 1 %.
Ein Fall von schwebender Niere und nephrotischem Syndrom [A patient with a floating kidney and nephrotic syndrome] (2014)

Asymptomatic retroperitoneal fluid is rarely detected. We encountered a young man with known nephrotic syndrome who presented with left-sided abdominal pain. He had very little peripheral edema, but a massive fluid collection around a Floating left kidney, as determined by three different imaging studies. Large amounts of fluid and a cyst surrounding the kidney were removed laparascopically and malignancy was excluded. The patient had a rare benign cystic mesothelioma together with focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis. Both diseases do not seem to be causally related. Complete surgical resection of the mesothelioma is the definitive treatment. If resection is incomplete, recurrence is frequent. Indeed, when our patient returned some years later for an elective hernia repair, the fluid collection had recurred.
An Appraisal of Current Systemic Chemotherapy for Psoriasis (1976)

Chemotherapeutic agents and pharmacologic principles developed for cancer therapy have assumed importance in the treatment of severe, extensive psoriasis where topical therapy is no longer effective or feasible. One must, however, continually weigh the risk of side effects against possible benefit in the use of these toxic agents. Recent advances, as well as compilation of previously reported clinical trials of methotrexate, azaribine, methoxsalen with ultraviolet light, mycophenolic acid, and hydroxyurea are reported and discussed. The future of systemic for psoriasis lies in the use of randomized double-blind controlled trials to evaluate new agents, the development of new dosage schedules designed to maximize therapeutic index, including possible combination chemotherapy, and the utilization of new routes of administration to provide programmed local tissue levels of effective agents. Since the time of Paul Ehrlich, the physician who coined the term chemotherapy and developed the first alkylating agent, ethylenimine, great strides have been
Reactive ion etching of GaAs and AlGaAs in a BCl3–Ar discharge (1989)

Reactive ion etching of GaAs and AlGaAs has been performed in a BCl3 –Ar discharge. Etching properties have been studied as functions of BCl3 percentage (0%–100%), total pressure (2.5–30.0 mTorr), and power density (0.06–0.22 W/cm2 ). At low pressures (2.5–12.5 mTorr) and intermediate BCl3 percentages (25%–75%), profiles exhibiting a high degree of anisotropy are achieved. Under anisotropic conditions, etch rates are about 0.05–0.1 μm/min (at power density of 0.22 W/cm2 ), somewhat lower than for other chlorine-containing gases. Conditions for etching GaAs and AlGaAs at equal rates have been determined. There is a small lag time between ignition of the glow discharge and the start of etching. The relative concentration of Cl atoms in the plasma, as measured by optical emission actinometry, correlates well with the etch rate for various operating parameters.
Characterization of Electrograms from Multipolar Diagnostic Catheters during Atrial Fibrillation (2015)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in USA with more than 2.3 million people affected annually. Catheter ablation procedure is a method for treatment of AF, which involves 3D electroanatomic mapping of the patient's left atrium (LA) by maneuvering a conventional multipolar diagnostic catheter (MPDC) along the LA endocardial surface after which pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is performed, thus eliminating the AF triggers originating from the PVs. However, it remains unclear how to effectively utilize the information provided by the MPDC to locate the AF-sustaining sites, known as sustained rotor-like activities (RotAs). In this study, we use computer modeling to investigate the variations in the characteristics of the MPDC electrograms, namely, total conduction delay (TCD) and average cycle length (CL), as the MPDC moves towards a RotA source. Subsequently, a study with a human subject was performed in order to verify the predictions of the simulation study. The conclusions from this study may be used to iteratively direct an MPDC towards RotA sources thus allowing the RotAs to be localized for customized and improved AF ablation.
Mechanistic studies of peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase: evidence for catalysis by distortion (1990)

Cyclophilin, the cytosolic binding protein for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A, has recently been shown to be identical with peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase [Fischer, G., Wittmann-Liebold, B., Lang, K., Kiefhaber, T., & Schmid, F.X. (1989) Nature 337, 476; Takahashi, N., Hayano, T., & Suzuki, M. (1989) Nature 337, 473]. To provide a mechanistic framework for studies of the interaction of cyclophilin with cyclosporin, we investigated the mechanism of the PPI-catalyzed cis to trans isomerization of Suc-Ala-Xaa-cis-Pro-Phe-pNA (Xaa = Ala, Gly). Our mechanistic studies of peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase include the determination of steady-state kinetic parameters, pH and temperature dependencies, and solvent and secondary deuterium isotope effects. The results of these experiments support a mechanism involving catalysis by distortion in which the enzyme uses free energy released from favorable, noncovalent interactions with the substrate to stabilize a transition state that is characterized by partial rotation about the C-N amide bond.
A performance test for laboratory fume hoods (1982)

Abstract Existing standards for laboratory fume hoods focus on the face velocity. The influence of room air currents is as important as face velocity in capturing contaminants in such a hood with a worker standing at the face. Further, face velocity standards are not very meaningful for auxiliary air hoods. A performance test was developed, using the measured concentration at the breathing zone of a worker (mannikin) at the face of the hood when known amounts of tracer, mixed with air, were released in the hood. The test method yields a performance rating which includes all parameters, not just face velocity. A performance rating in the form xx AU yyy can be determined, where xx is the tracer gas release rate, Lpm; AU signifies "as used" (in the laboratory); and yyy is the control level, ppm, at the breathing zone of the worker. Similar tests in the absence of a worker or mannikin yield much lower control levels than when a mannikin is present.
Microbial metabolism of chlorinated nitrobenzenes. Metabolites of 2,4-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene by Mucor javanicus. (1981)

Metabolism of 2, 4-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene (1) by Mucor javnicus AHU 6010 was investigated. In addition to the corresponding benzenamine derivative (2), two novel metabolites detected gas-chromatographically were extracted from the culture medium and isolated. The structures were unequivocally elucidated to be 4-chloro-2-methylthio-1-nitrobenzene (3) and 4-chloro-2-methyl-thiobenzenamine (4), respectively, by direct comparisons with authentic compounds. It was suggested that two biological reactions, namely, reduction of the nitro group and/or substitution of the ortho-chlorine atom by a methylthio group, were responsible for the formation of these metabolites.
Quantitation of MRSI Data in the Presence of Magnetic Susceptibility Effects (2005)

International audience
αB-crystallin, a small heat-shock protein, prevents the amyloid fibril growth of an amyloid β-peptide and β2-microglobulin (2005)

AlphaB-crystallin, a small heat-shock protein, exhibits molecular chaperone activity. We have studied the effect of alphaB-crystallin on the fibril growth of the Abeta (amyloid beta)-peptides Abeta-(1-40) and Abeta-(1-42). alphaB-crystallin, but not BSA or hen egg-white lysozyme, prevented the fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40), as revealed by thioflavin T binding, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and CD spectroscopy. Comparison of the activity of some mutants and chimaeric alpha-crystallins in preventing Abeta-(1-40) fibril growth with their previously reported chaperone ability in preventing dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of insulin suggests that there might be both common and distinct sites of interaction on alpha-crystallin involved in the prevention of amorphous aggregation of insulin and fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40). alphaB-crystallin also prevents the spontaneous fibril formation (without externally added seeds) of Abeta-(1-42), as well as the fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40) when seeded with the Abeta-(1-42) fibril seed. Sedimentation velocity measurements show that alphaB-crystallin does not form a stable complex with Abeta-(1-40). The mechanism by which it prevents the fibril growth differs from the known mechanism by which it prevents the amorphous aggregation of proteins. alphaB-crystallin binds to the amyloid fibrils of Abeta-(1-40), indicating that the preferential interaction of the chaperone with the fibril nucleus, which inhibits nucleation-dependent polymerization of amyloid fibrils, is the mechanism that is predominantly involved. We found that alphaB-crystallin prevents the fibril growth of beta2-microglobulin under acidic conditions. It also retards the depolymerization of beta2-microglobulin fibrils, indicating that it can interact with the fibrils. Our study sheds light on the role of small heat-shock proteins in protein conformational diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease.
Attenuation of neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology by liver x receptors (2007)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cognitive impairment. The initiation and progression of AD has been linked to cholesterol metabolism and inflammation, processes that can be modulated by liver x receptors (LXRs). We show here that endogenous LXR signaling impacts the development of AD-related pathology. Genetic loss of either Lxralpha or Lxrbeta in APP/PS1 transgenic mice results in increased amyloid plaque load. LXRs regulate basal and inducible expression of key cholesterol homeostatic genes in the brain and act as potent inhibitors of inflammatory gene expression. Ligand activation of LXRs attenuates the inflammatory response of primary mixed glial cultures to fibrillar amyloid beta peptide (fAbeta) in a receptor-dependent manner. Furthermore, LXRs promote the capacity of microglia to maintain fAbeta-stimulated phagocytosis in the setting of inflammation. These results identify endogenous LXR signaling as an important determinant of AD pathogenesis in mice. We propose that LXRs may be tractable targets for the treatment of AD due to their ability to modulate both lipid metabolic and inflammatory gene expression in the brain.
Real-Time Lumped Parameter Modeling of Cardiovascular Dynamics Using Electrocardiogram Signals: Toward Virtual Cardiovascular Instruments (2013)

We present an approach to deriving a real-time, lumped parameter cardiovascular dynamics model that uses features extracted from online electrocardiogram (ECG) signal recordings to generate certain surrogate hemodynamic signals. The model represents the coupled dynamics of the heart chambers, valves, and pulmonary and systemic blood circulation loops in the form of nonlinear differential equations. The features extracted from ECG signals were used to estimate the timings and amplitudes of the atrioventricular activation input functions as well as other model parameters that capture the effect of cardiac morphological and physiological characteristics. The model was tested using hemodynamic signals from the PhysioNet MGH/MF Waveform database. The results suggest that the model can capture the salient time and frequency patterns of the measured central venous pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and respiratory impedance signals (R(2) > 0.65). We have developed a method based on Anderson-Darling statistic and Kullback-Leibler divergence to compare the clinical measures (i.e., systolic and diastolic pressures) estimated from model waveform-extrema with those from actual measurements. The test statistics of the model waveform-extrema were statistically indistinguishable from the measured values with beat-to-beat rejection rates of 10%. The results indicate the potential of a virtual instrument that uses the model-derived signals for clinical diagnosis in lieu of expensive instrumentation.
Nitrated nucleosome levels and neuropsychiatric events in systemic lupus erythematosus; a multi-center retrospective case-control study (2019)

Abstract Background In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) there is no serological test that will reliably distinguish neuropsychiatric (NP) events due to active SLE from those due to other causes. Previously we showed that serum levels of nitrated nucleosomes (NN) were elevated in a small number of patients with NPSLE. Here we measured serum NN in samples from a larger population of patients with SLE and NP events to see whether elevated serum NN could be a marker for NPSLE. Methods We obtained serum samples from patients in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort. This included 216 patients with NP events and two matched controls with SLE but no NP events for each of these patients. For the NP patients we tested samples taken before, during and after the NP event. Results Twenty-six patients had events attributed to SLE according to the most stringent SLICC attribution rule. In these patients there was no association between onset of event and elevated serum NN. In 190 patients in whom events were not attributed to SLE by the SLICC rules, median serum NN was elevated at the onset of event (P = 0.006). The predominant clinical features in this group of 190 patients were headache, mood disorders and anxiety. Conclusions Serum NN levels rise at the time of an NP event in a proportion of patients with SLE. Further studies are needed to determine the value of serum NN as a biomarker for NPSLE.