gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Thrombolytic Activity of Urokinase Modified with Monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol (1994)

A method is described to modify urokinase by covalent binding of monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) without impairing its catalytic ac tivity towards high molecular weight substrates. The urokinase active site is protected by an inhibitor, benzamidine, bound to Sepharose during the mPEG modification in order to avoid binding mPEG chains to the active site or to the surrounding area. The mPEG modified urokinase had increased activity towards small molecular weight substrates (acetyl-Gly-methyl ester) as com pared to the unmodified enzyme, while the activity towards the high molecular weight plasminogen and the insoluble substrate fibrin clot was preserved. This did not occur when the enzyme was modified in the absence of active site pro tection. The polymer modification increased the enzyme's thermostability and the stability in plasma in vitro and prolonged in vivo retention after in travenous injection in rats.
Microbially Promoted Solubilization of Steel Corrosion Products and Fate of Associated Actinides (2000)

The research is designed to evaluate the impact of metal-reducing bacteria on the release of radionuclides, specifically uranium and plutonium, from iron hydroxide minerals formed on the surfaces of corroding mild and stainless steels. The ultimate goal is to develop a safe and effective biological approach for decontaminating mild and stainless steels that were used in the production, transport, and storage of radioactive materials.
Antibodies to Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III and Development of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Homosexual Men Presenting with Immune Thrombocytopenia (1986)

In 35 homosexual men with isolated thrombocytopenia at initial presentation, who were evaluated and treated between 1982 and 1984, hematologic studies showed immune destruction. In contrast to findings in other autoimmune conditions, T-lymphocyte subsets in these patients were reversed, with a mean helper to suppressor ratio of 0.4 and with an absolute depletion of helper cells to 390/mm3. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III in 21 of 25 patients tested; Western blot analysis confirmed seropositivity in the other 4 patients, who had borderline findings. Although 19 of 24 patients treated with steroids responded, only 2 achieved sustained normal platelet counts. Ten of fifteen patients who had splenectomy achieved remissions. Three patients treated with steroids or splenectomy developed diagnoses compatible with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 16 to 34 months after their initial presentation with thrombocytopenia. These findings indicate that immune thrombocytopenia is part of the clinical spectrum of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Extension of Knuth's balancing algorithm with error correction (2011)

Knuth's celebrated balancing method consists of inverting the first z bits in a binary information sequence, such that the resulting sequence has as many ones as zeroes, and communicating the index z to the receiver through a short balanced prefix. In the proposed method, Knuth's scheme is extended with error-correcting capabilities, where it is allowed to give unequal protection levels to the prefix and the payload. An analysis with respect to the redundancy of the proposed method is performed, showing good results while maintaining the simplicity features of the original scheme.
Antimony electrodes for pH measurements in special applications (2009)

There are applications in pH measurement where it is impossible to use glass electrodes for various reasons. Here the usage of Sb-based electrodes, as compact electrodes as well as planar electrodes based on thin electrochemically deposited antimony films could be a possible alternative. For both types of sensors improved manufacturing methods and relevant applications are described.
Properties of intrinsic point defects in silicon determined by zinc diffusion experiments under nonequilibrium conditions (1995)

The present paper deals with self- and foreign-atom diffusion processes in Si. We focus on the foreign-atom Zn whose diffusion behavior is shown to be influenced by intrinsic point defects like Si self-interstitials (I) and vacancies (V). Diffusion experiments with Zn in dislocation-free Si were carried out between 1208 and 870 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C applying a special method to perform isothermal diffusion anneals as short as a few seconds. Concentration-depth profiles measured with the help of spreading-resistance analysis are completely described by simultaneous diffusion via the kickout and dissociative mechanism. The evolution of Zn diffusion with time is characterized by short-, intermediate-, and long-time diffusion regimes. Profiles belonging to the long-time regime are suitable to extract transport capacities of intrinsic defects given by the product of thermal equilibrium concentration and diffusion coefficient. Zn profiles after intermediate diffusion times are shown to be sensitive to the prevailing thermal equilibrium concentration of Si self-interstitials. Results are presented for the thermal equilibrium concentrations of self-interstitials and vacancies as well as their transport properties. From the temperature dependence of these quantities the formation and migration enthalpy of I and V are obtained. These data are compared to previous experimental results as well as theoretical calculations.
Inferring Propp’s Functions from Semantically Annotated Text (2016)

Abstract Vladimir Propp’s Morphology of the Folktale is a seminal work in folkloristics and a compelling subject of computational study. I demonstrate a technique for learning Propp’s functions from semantically annotated text. Fifteen folktales from Propp’s corpus were annotated for semantic roles, co-reference, temporal structure, event sentiment, and dramatis personae. I derived a set of merge rules from descriptions given by Propp. These rules, when coupled with a modified version of the model merging learning framework, reproduce Propp’s functions well. Three important function groups--namely A/a (villainy/lack), H/I (struggle and victory), and W (reward)--are identified with high accuracies. This is the first demonstration of a computational system learning a real theory of narrative structure.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance IN AsF5 Doped Polyparaphenylene (1985)

Abstract Polyparaphenylene, PPP, has been polymerized from benzene, as described by Kovacic, and heavily doped in ASF5 vapour. The spin susceptibilities were about 10−6 emu/mole carbon for the Pauli part, plus one Curie spin per 1000 carbon atoms. The asymmetry of the EPR signal of pellets was found to be in good agreement with Dyson's theoretical predictions for slowly diffusive spins in the case of aged samples. On the other hand, the occurence of exchange interactions gave rise in freshly doped samples to enhanced magnetization diffusion rates, and then to more asymmetrical EPR lines.
Interdisciplinary Research to Address Societal Issues (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPerspectiveNEXTInterdisciplinary Research to Address Societal IssuesJanet G. Hering*†‡ and Rik I. L. Eggen†View Author Information† Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf and Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, CH- 8092, Switzerland‡ School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPF Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 13, 6730–6731Publication Date (Web):July 2, 2013Publication History Received14 May 2013Accepted15 May 2013Published online2 July 2013Published inissue 2 July 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es402161ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/es402161gnewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1014Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (4 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Environmental science,Groundwaters,Impurities,Sustainability Get e-Alerts
Receiver Sensitivity in Optical and Microwave, Heterodyne and Homodyne Systems (2014)

In this paper, we analyze the sensitivities of coherent optical receivers and microwave receivers. We derive theoretical limits of signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate. By applying a generic approach to a broad range of receivers, we can compare their performance directly. Other publications have considered some of these receivers. However, their diverse nature obscures the big picture. Using our results as a unifying platform, previous publications can be compared and discrepancies between them identified.
Applying Adaptive Evolutionary Algorthms to Hard Problems (1998)

This report is based on the work I have done for my Master Thesis project. The project as a whole consists of research done in the eld of evolutionary computation, and it is split into two distinct parts. The main theme is adaptive evolutionary algorithms. The rst part covers the research done on solving binary constraint satisfaction problems using adaptive evolutionary algorithms. This involves a comparative study on three algorithms, each of which incorporates a di erent adaptive tness measure to guide its search to a solution for an instance of a binary constraint satisfaction problem. The second part mainly consists of the development of a library. Its use is aimed at evolutionary algorithms in general. Furthermore, a genetic programming algorithm is contructed, that incorporates an adaptive tness measure. This construction served as a test of the usability of the library. The genetic programming algorithm has been used for experiments on different data sets from the data mining eld.
Improved High-Temperature and High-Power Characteristics of 1.3-µm Spot-Size Converter Integrated All-Selective Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy Grown Planar Buried Heterostructure Laser Diodes by Newly Introduced Multiple-Stripe Recombination Layers (1999)

Multiple-stripe planar buried heterostructure (MS-PBH) was newly developed to improve the high-temperature and high-power characteristics of spot-size converter integrated all-selective metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) grown planar buried heterostructure laser diodes (SSC-ASM-PBH LDs). Recombination-layer stripes were simultaneously grown with the active layer and thickness-tapered waveguide by narrow-stripe selective MOVPE, and inserted in the current-blocking layers. The effect of recombination-layer-stripe insertion was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The leakage current suppressed by the inserted recombination-layer stripes resulted in improved high-temperature and high-power characteristics. A maximum output power of 47 mW at 85°C, a high characteristics temperature T 0 value of 69 K (25°C–85°C), and a small slope-efficiency degradation of 1.1 dB (25°C–85°C) were obtained while maintaining excellent coupling characteristics to a flat-ended single-mode fiber due to its narrow beam divergence.
The Physiology of Bioelectricity in Development, Tissue Regeneration and Cancer (2016)

Recent advances in technology have led to the unprecedented accuracy in measurements of endogenous electric fields around sites of tissue disruption. State-of-the-art molecular approaches demonstrate the role of bioelectricity in the directionality and speed of cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and orientation. New informat
Failure of Clindamycin to Influence the Course of Severe Oromucositis Associated with Streptococcal Bacteraemia in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients (1993)

33 consecutive allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients who were likely to develop streptococcal bacteraemia were treated for 5 days with clindamycin (900 mg i.v. t.d.s.) and ceftazidime (2 g t.d.s.) for the initial management of fever associated with severe oral mucositis. Bacteraemia due to ‘viridans’ streptococci was encountered in 23 cases (70%) as mucositis progressed to peak severity and occurred a day before fever in 8 cases. At the end of treatment with clindamycin only 2 patients had defervesced although the streptococci were successfully eradicated. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels continued to rise in 18 cases and declined by more than 10% in only 7 cases. Severe oromucositis rather than infection appeared to induce an acute phase response with fever suggesting bacteraemia due to ‘viridans’ streptococci to have been a consequence of mucosal damage. Indeed, oromucositis was the only primary focus of inflammation in 22 patients and only after its resolution did both fever and CRP levels diminish. By then, patients had also begun to recover from granulocytopenia. These data indicate that rather than including a specific antimicrobial like clindamycin in an empirical regimen, it would be more beneficial to evolve strategies that minimise mucosal damage in this patient population.
Data from Radiological Patterns of Drug-induced Interstitial Lung Disease (DILD) in Early-phase Oncology Clinical Trials (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) is a rare, but potentially fatal toxicity. Clinical and radiological features of DILD in the early experimental setting are poorly described.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;A total of 2,499 consecutive patients with advanced cancer on phase I clinical trials were included. DILD was identified by a dedicated radiologist and investigators, categorized per internationally recognized radiological patterns, and graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) DILD score. Clinical and radiological features of DILD were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Sixty patients overall (2.4%) developed DILD. Median time to onset of DILD was 63 days (range, 14–336 days). A total of 45% of patients who developed DILD were clinically asymptomatic. Incidence was highest in patients receiving drug conjugates (7.4%), followed by inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (3.9%). The most common pattern seen was hypersensitivity pneumonitis (33.3%), followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (30%), and cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (26.7%). A higher DILD score [OR, 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19–1.81; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001] and the pattern of DILD (OR, 5.83 for acute interstitial pneumonia; 95% CI, 0.38–90.26; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002) were significantly associated with a higher CTCAE grading. The only predictive factor for an improvement in DILD was an interruption of treatment (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01–0.35; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;DILD in early-phase clinical trials is a toxicity of variable onset, with diverse clinical and radiological findings. Radiological findings precede clinical symptoms. The extent of the affected lung parenchyma, scored by the RMH DILD score, correlates with clinical presentation. Most events are low grade, and improve with treatment interruption, which should be considered early.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Nitric Oxide Synthase and Renin-Angiotensin System Gene Expression in Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Resistant Sabra Rats (1997)

The molecular mechanisms of salt sensitivity and the contribution of the kidney to salt-induced hypertension in Sabra rats are imperfectly defined. We investigated the expression of the nitric oxide (NO) system (endothelial, inducible, and neural NO synthases) and renin-angiotensin system (renin, angiotensinogen, and angiotensin II type 1A receptor) gene components in the kidneys of SBN/y (salt-resistant) and SBH/y (salt-sensitive) Sabra rat substrains, with and without deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt treatment. We also looked for immunocytochemical evidence of angiotensin II, the effector peptide of the renin-angiotensin system. Inducible and neural NO synthase gene expression values were lower in SBH/y than in SBN/y before and after DOCA-salt treatment. The gene expression level of endothelial NO synthase was not different in SBH/y and SBN/y, either with or without DOCA salt. Renin gene expression was significantly higher in kidneys of SBN/y than in kidneys of SBH/y rats, whereas angiotensinogen gene expression was significantly lower in SBN/y. After DOCA-salt treatment, renin gene expression was strongly suppressed in both strains but more so in SBH/y. Angiotensinogen gene expression, on the other hand, was increased by DOCA salt in SBN/y rats so that the two strains were no longer different. Angiotensin II immunoreactivity was significantly higher in SBN/y than in SBH/y; however, after DOCA salt, immunoreactivity in both strains was no longer detectable. Angiotensin II type 1A receptor gene expression was not different between the two strains, either before or after DOCA-salt administration. We conclude that DOCA salt induced a decrease in the activity of the renin-angiotensin system but did not change NO synthase gene expression in SBH/y and SBN/y. Inducible and neural NO synthase gene expression values were less in SBH/y than in SBN/y, independent of DOCA-salt administration. Thus, the NO system could explain, at least in part, the salt resistance of SBN/y.
Anatomical variations of internal jugular vein location (1991)

These findings suggest that anatomical variation may partly account for the inability to cannulate the internal jugular vein in certain patients. In these cases, ultrasound examination quickly establishes the position of the internal jugular vein and may allow for easy and rapid access.
Secondary infection ofNippostrongylus brasiliensisin lactating rats is sensitive to dietary protein content (2005)

Lactating mammals usually exhibit a breakdown of immunity to parasites, i.e. they have larger worm burdens than their non-lactating counterparts. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a secondary infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in lactating rats is sensitive to dietary protein content. We also tested whether this infection affects host food intake. Rats either remained uninfected throughout the study or were given a single infection before mating (primary infection) and re-infected on day 2 of lactation (secondary infection) with 1600 infective larvae. Infected rats were fed foods during lactation formulated to supply 100 (low protein; LP), 200 (medium protein; MP) or 300 (high protein; HP) g crude protein per kg DM; non-infected rats were fed either the LP or HP food. Litter size was standardized to ten pups between parturition (day 0) and secondary infection (day 2). Ten days after secondary infection, MP and HP rats had excreted fewer nematode eggs, and had fewer adult nematodes in their small intestine and nematode eggs in their colon than the LP rats. Primary infection increased food intake in late pregnancy, and increased maternal body weight and litter size at parturition. Secondary infection did not affect mean food intake, maternal and litter weight, although food intake was reduced for 1 d following infection. These results support the view that a secondary infection with N. brasiliensis is sensitive to dietary protein content, and that the latter infection does not impair lactational performance. Future studies may focus on elucidating the nutritional sensitivity of immune responses underlying the reduced secondary N. brasiliensis infection.
중국의 동남아 경제에 대한 영향력 변화 분석 -인도네시아를 중심으로 (2014)

분석 결과에 따르면 인도네시아 수입시장에서의 중국의 점유율, 인도네시아내수시장에서의 중국의 점유율, 인도네시아 수출액에서 중국에 대한 수출액이차지하는 비중, 생산공정상 중국에 대한 의존도, 중국 총수요의 인도네시아 부가가치 창출 효과 등 모든 측면에서 중국의 인도네시아에 대한 영향력은 지난10여년 동안 2배 이상 확대되었다. 이는 중국경제의 대내적 측면에서의 변화가 인도네시아 경제에 직간접적으로 많은 영향을 주고 있음을 의미한다. 인도네시아의 중국에 대한 의존도 심화와 더불어 중국경제 규모 자체가 빠르게 확대되면서 향후 중국의 소비와 투자와 같은 대내적 요인의 변화는 인도네시아의 생산이나 부가가치창출에 보다 더 큰 영향을 줄 것으로 보인다. 인도네시아에 대한 중국의 영향력이 확대되었다는 것은 인도네시아 시장에서 한국기업과 중국기업간 경쟁이 그 만큼 더 치열해지고 있음을 의미한다. 중국의 인도네시아 시장에서의 영향력은 노동집약적 산업에서 뿐만 아니라 자본집약적 산업에서도 마찬가지인바, 한국기업이 중국기업과의 경쟁에서 우위에 서기 위해서는 그 어느 때 보다도 품질 및 기술에 있어서의 경쟁력 강화에 매진해야 할 것이다. 또한 한국 기업들의 동남아시장에서의 경영전략 수립과 한국정부의 인도네시아에 대한 경제협력 전략 수립 시 반드시 중국요인을 면밀히 검토해야 할 것이다.
Radiation from an open-end circular waveguide filled with a uniaxial chiral medium (1998)

Based on the cylindrical vector wave functions, the propagation of a wave in a circular waveguide filled with a uniaxial chiral medium is rigorously formulated. By ignoring the diffraction effects of the edge and using the Stratton–Chu formula, radiation from an open-end guide is numerically computed for the lowest order n=1 mode. It is found that the uniaxial chirality of the filling material can sharpen the half-power beamwidths of this type of radiator. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 19: 388–391, 1998.
The Journey of Ni(I) Chemistry (2021)

Abstract In the last twenty years, nickel has successfully imprinted its role in the field of homogeneous catalysis as a valid and complementary alternative to palladium and platinum catalysts. However, compared to those, there are often many different available pathways in nickel catalysis due to the facile access of intermediate oxidation states. Among them, Ni(I) has been increasingly proposed as a key oxidation state in multiple transformations. This oxidation state had already been suggested a long time ago but has only recently undergone a renaissance with extensive ligand design which has led to over 100 isolated Ni(I) complexes. In addition, the analysis of many catalytic cycles has revealed that the Ni(I) species can not only occur as a decomposition product perturbing a Ni(0)–Ni(II) pathway but can also play a key role in alternative Ni(I)–Ni(III) cycles. This behavior is highly dependent on the class of transformation and ligand employed in catalysis. Herein, we concisely describe the journey of this oxidation state, combining the information gathered from inorganic synthesis and mechanistic investigations, from its synthesis to its postulated role in different catalytic cycles.
Conception, Birth, and Development of Three New Successful Analytical Concepts (1984)

Les 3 techniques considerees sont la spectrometrie d'emission atomique, la spectrometrie de fluorescence atomique et la spectrometrie de masse, toutes 3 utilisant un plasma induit par haute frequence