gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Vision of the Brain (1995)

A Vision of the Brain

by SEMIR ZEKI, 366 pp., ill., Cambridge, MA, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993. $36.95 paperback

This book is a personal review of how the brain analyzes visual inputs, from retinal physiology to conscious perception. Dr. Zeki, who is Professor of Neurobiology at the University of London, has made many important contributions to this field, which has grown immensely over the past 30 years. The book is easy to read because of its lucid style and its organization …
Global model for plasmas generated by electron beams in low-pressure nitrogen (2014)

A global model is presented to determine the densities of the major charged and neutral species generated by a thin, planar electron beam passing through low-pressure nitrogen. The creation rates are based on results provided by a Boltzmann code that includes contributions not only from the beam electrons but also from the energetic daughter electrons created by ionization. Optical emission spectrometry is used to help validate the rates, and measurements of the total ion density are used to help validate the charged-particle densities. A key conclusion of the study is that electron-beam-generated plasmas differ strongly in character and composition, and thus in capabilities, from plasmas generated by the electrical discharges now widely used in material processing.
Mobbing Behavior and Deceit and its Role in Bioinspired Autonomous Robotic Agents (2012)

Arabian babblers are highly preyed upon avians living in the Israeli desert.The survival of this species is contingent upon successful predator deterrence known as mobbing.Their ability to successfully defend against larger predators is the inspiration for this research with the goal of employing new models of robotic deception.Using Grafen's Dishonesty Model [3], simulation results are presented, which portend the value of this behavior in military situations.
Approximation-aware scheduling on heterogeneous multi-core architectures (2015)

The high performance demand of embedded systems along with restrictive thermal design power (TDP) constraint have lead to the emergence of the heterogenous multi-core architectures, where cores with the same instruction-set architecture but different power-performance characteristics provide new opportunities for energy-efficient computing. Heterogeneity introduces challenges in scheduling the tasks to the appropriate cores and selecting the frequency assignment of each core. In this paper, we introduce an approximation-aware scheduling framework for soft real-time tasks on the heterogeneous multi-core architectures. We consider multiple versions of a task obtained by introducing approximation in the computation to provide different levels of quality of service (QoS) versus performance tradeoffs. The additional choice of approximation allows us more flexibility in meeting the performance and TDP constraints while maximizing QoS per unit of energy.
Pyruvate protects against 3-nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity in corticostriatal slice cultures (2000)

Previously, we have shown that 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA) neurotoxicity in organotypic corticostriatal slice cultures is dependent on glucose and glutamate. Here we studied the neuroprotective potential of agents improving mitochondrial function, including creatine, malate, oxaloacetate, Pyruvate and L-lactate in NPA-treated slice cultures. pyruvate provided the best protection against the loss of glutamic acid decarboxylase activity, depletion of GABA levels, increased propidium iodide uptake and increased glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. ATP levels were significantly reduced by 100 microM NPA (but not by 50 microM) and restored by pyruvate (5 mM). Creatine and L-lactate had no significant protective effect. Protective mechanisms of pyruvate are probably multifold, including stimulation of the citric acid cycle, scavenging and reduction of excitotoxicity.
One- and two-dimensional proton NMR, fluorescence and molecular modeling studies on the tomaymycin-d(ATGCAT)2 adduct. Evidence for two covalent adducts with opposite orientations and stereochemistries at the covalent linkage site (1988)

Tomaymycin is a member of the pyrrolo[1,4]benzodiazepine antitumor-antibiotic group that binds covalently to the exocyclic 2-amino group of guanine in DNA. Previous correlation of fluorescence and NMR data suggested that the 11R,11aS and the 11S,11aS diastereomers of tomaymycin could bind to DNA in two orientations relative to the covalently modified guanine (Barkley, M. D.; Cheatham, S.; Thurston, D. E.; Hurley, L. H. Biochemistry 1986, 25, 3021-3031). We now report on fluorescence, one- and two-dimensional proton NMR, and molecular modeling studies of the tomaymycin-d(ATGCAT)2 adduct, which corroborate these earlier observations. Fluorescence measurements show that there are two species of tomaymycin bound to d(ATGCAT)2, which are tentatively identified as the 11R,11aS and 11S,11aS diastereomers. Two distinct sets of signals for the tomaymycin molecule are present in the proton NMR spectrum of the tomaymycin-d(ATGCAT)2 duplex adduct. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COSY) studies also show connectivities for four cytosine H5-H6 and eight thymine methyl-H6 protons and thus clearly establish the presence of two distinct species of tomaymycin-d(ATGCAT)2 adducts in solution. A single scalar 11-11a 1H NMR coupling in the 2D-COSY spectrum is indicative of an adduct species that has an S configuration at the C-11 position. Two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect (NOESY) spectra of the tomaymycin-d(ATGCAT)2 duplex adduct show that the adducts are relatively nondistortive. In a NOESY experiment, cross-peaks were identified between both the aromatic H9 proton and the ethylidine methyl protons of tomaymycin and two different adenine H2 protons of d(ATGCAT)2. Molecular mechanics calculations with AMBER show that the two species with the thermodynamically most favorable binding energies are the 11R,11aS and 11S,11aS isomers with their aromatic rings to the 5' and 3' sides of the covalently bound guanine, respectively. The NOEs observed between tomaymycin protons and adenine H2 protons are in accord with molecular modeling studies. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the two forms of tomaymycin bound to d(ATGCAT)2 are the 11S,11aS and 11R,11aS species, oriented with their aromatic rings to the 3' and 5' sides, respectively, of the covalently modified guanines.
960-km SSMF transmission of 1057-Gb/s PDM 3-PAM using directly modulated VCSELs and coherent detection (2013)

We generate a 105.7-Gb/s signal by directly modulating a 1.5-µm VCSEL with a 33.35-Gbaud 3-level signal and polarization multiplexing. By using digital coherent detection, we successfully transmit the 105.7-Gb/s line rate (88.10 Gb/s net bit rate) signal over 960-km standard single-mode-fiber (SSMF) at a 20% hard-decision forward-error correction (FEC) threshold, which is at bit-error ratio (BER) of 1.5 x 10(-2)
Ultra wideband wireless satellite communications in the 94 GHz band (2012)

The growing demand for broadband wireless communication links and the lack of wide frequency bands within the conventional spectrum causes us to seek bandwidth in the higher microwave and millimetre-wave spectrum at Extremely High Frequencies (EHF) above 30GHz. One of the principal challenges in realizing modern wireless communication links in the EHF band is phenomenon occurring during electromagnetic wave propagation through the atmosphere. Space-frequency theory of the propagation of an ultra-wide band radiation in a inhomogeneous dielectric media is presented. Characterization of the atmospheric medium is via its refractivity leading to a transfer function, which describes the changing response of the medium in the frequency domain. This description enables the consideration of broadband signals taking into account inhomogeneous absorptive and dispersive effects of the medium. We demonstrate the approach by studying propagation of ultra-wide band signals, while transmitted in the vicinity of the 94GHz window of the atmospheric medium at millimetre wavelengths.
Etiology and outcome of second trimester non‐immunologic fetal hydrops (2000)

Although the overall prognosis is poor, knowledge of the primary etiology is important to determine a rational therapeutic strategy. If the results of routine investigations rule out malformation and abnormal chromosomes, follow-up serial ultrasonographic assessment may indicate that the hydropic state is transient, carrying a somewhat better prognosis.
Atomic hydrogen cleaning of EUV multilayer optics (2003)

Recent studies have been conducted to investigate the use of atomic hydrogen as an in-situ contamination removal method for EUV optics. In these experiments, a commercial source was used to produce atomic hydrogen by thermal dissociation of molecular hydrogen using a hot filament. Samples for these experiments consisted of silicon wafers coated with sputtered carbon, Mo/Si optics with EUV-induced carbon, and bare Si-capped and Ru-B4C-capped Mo/Si optics. Samples were exposed to an atomic hydrogen source at a distance of 200 - 500 mm downstream and angles between 0-90° with respect to the source. Carbon removal rates and optic oxidation rates were measured using Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling. In addition, at-wavelength peak reflectance (13.4 nm) was measured using the EUV reflectometer at the Advanced Light Source. Data from these experiments show carbon removal rates up to 20 Å/hr for sputtered carbon and 40 Å/hr for EUV deposited carbon at a distance of 200 mm downstream. The cleaning rate was also observed to be a strong function of distance and angular position. Experiments have also shown that the carbon etch rate can be increased by a factor of 4 by channeling atomic hydrogen through quartz tubes in order to direct the atomic hydrogen to the optic surface. Atomic hydrogen exposures of bare optic samples show a small risk in reflectivity degradation after extended periods. Extended exposures (up to 20 hours) of bare Si-capped Mo/Si optics show a 1.2% loss (absolute) in reflectivity while the Ru-B<sub>4</sub>C-capped Mo/Si optics show a loss on the order of 0.5%. In order to investigate the source of this reflectivity degradation, optic samples were exposed to atomic deuterium and analyzed using low energy ion scattering direct recoil spectroscopy to determine any reactions of the hydrogen with the multilayer stack. Overall, the results show that the risk of over-etching with atomic hydrogen is much less than previous studies using RF discharge cleaning while providing cleaning rates suitable for EUV lithography operations.
Incident Localization and Assistance System: A case study of a Cyber-Physical Human System (2015)

One goal of the Industry 4.0 initiative is to improve horizontal and vertical knowledge sharing among industries. Horizontal sharing allows companies to exchange knowledge across different sites whereas vertical sharing allows the exchange of knowledge across hierarchical structures within a site. Sharing knowledge especially about incidents results in better products, reduces down-times and improves efficiency in industries. Horizontal and vertical knowledge sharing is a great challenge in the domain of manufacturing. We describe a case study where we replace handwritten incident and maintenance documentation. The main problems associated with handwritten documentation are bad readability and non-shareability. In this paper we describe our Incident Localization and Assistance System (ILAS), an incident documentation and maintenance system. ILAS transfers process oriented incident management knowledge from IT Service Management (ITSM) to the domain of manufacturing. ILAS offers real-time monitoring using wearables, incident analysis support and knowledge sharing for incidents within and among different production sites. We implemented ILAS as a Cyber-Physical Human System. Additionally, we conducted a survey about the potential of wearables within Industry 4.0. We found out that wearables in enterprises are still in their infancy but have great potential especially for this use case.
Cannabidiol for at risk for psychosis youth: A randomized controlled trial (2021)

This paper reports on the rationale and protocol of the Cannabidiol for At Risk for psychosis Youth (CanARY) study. This study will test CBD for the first time in the UHR phase of psychotic disorder.
Des cellules solaires dont la transparence et la production d’énergie s’adaptent aux conditions d’ensoleillement (2022)

En laboratoire, les cellules solaires à colorant démontrent aujourd’hui des efficacités supérieures à 14% et peuvent être semi-transparentes, colorées et très efficaces sous de faibles irradiations. Elles ont récemment amorcé leur développement industriel avec des exemples d’intégration dans des façades de bâtiments. Dans cet article, nous rappellerons le principe de fonctionnement de ces cellules, puis nous reviendrons sur nos travaux visant à développer des colorants applicables en cellules semitransparentes. Enfin, nous présenterons une nouvelle classe de photosensibilisateurs qui permettent d’obtenir des cellules solaires capables de changer de couleur et d’auto-ajuster simultanément leur transparence et leur production d’énergie en fonction des conditions d’ensoleillement.
Integrity Testing for Personnel Selection (1994)

Psychological Association, Questionnaires Used in the Prediction of Trustworthiness in Pre-Employ ment Selection Decisions: An APA Task Force Re port (Author, Washington, DC, 1991); R.M. O'Ban non, L.A. Goldinger, and G.S. Appleby, Honesty and Integrity Testing: A Practical Guide (Applied In formation Resources, Atlanta, 1989). 5. D.S. Ones, C. Viswesvaran, and F.L. Schmidt, Comprehensive meta-analysis of integrity test validities: Findings and implications for person nel selection and theories of job performance, jour nal of Applied Psychology, 78, 679-703 (1993); J.M. Collins and F.L. Schmidt, Personality, integrity, and white collar crime: A construct validity study, Personnel Psychology, 46, 295-312 (1993). 6. Sackett et al., note 4; J. Hogan and R. Hogan, How to measure employee reliability, Jour nal of Applied Psychology, 74, 273-279 (1989). 7. Sackett et al., note 4; O'Bannon et al., note 4. 8. See U.S. Congress (1990), note 1; American Psychological Association, note 4. 9. U.S. Congress (1990), note 1, p. 10. 10. See Saxe, note 3; H. Sigall and E.E. Jones, The bogus pipeline: A new paradigm for measuring affect and attitude, Psychological Bulletin, 76, 349 364(1971). 11. D.T. Lykken, The lie detector controversy: An alternative solution, in Advances in Psychophys iology, j.R. Jennings, P.K. Ackles, and M.G.H. Coles, Eds. (Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London, 1991). 12. L. Farwell and E. Donchin, The truth will out: Interrogative polygraph (lie detection) with even-related potentials, Psychophysiology, 28, 531 (1991).
Can changes in sex hormone binding globulin predict the risk of venous thromboembolism with combined oral contraceptive pills? (2002)

We propose that the change in SHBG with a COC could be interpreted as a measure of total estrogenicity and used as a predictor of the risk of VTE. Preparations containing drosperinone, dienogest, cyproterone acetate and norgestimate are equally or more estrogenic than the more thoroughly studied COCs, containing desogestrel or gestodene and should not be considered a safer substitute.
Ferroelectric PZT MEMS HF/VHF resonators/filters (2016)

This paper presents an overview of Lead-Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) and PZT-on-silicon MEMS resonator and filter technology at HF and low-VHF frequencies; highlighting the capability for bandwidth tuning, high coupling, high Q, and low-loss filter performance without external impedance matching.
Generalized sensitivity analysis of nonlinear programs using a sequence of quadratic programs (2018)

Local sensitivity information is obtained for KKT points of parametric NLPs that may exhibit active set changes under parametric perturbations; under appropriate regularity conditions, computationally relevant generalized derivatives of primal and dual variable solutions of parametric NLPs are calculated. Ralph and Dempe obtained directional derivatives of solutions of parametric NLPs exhibiting active set changes from the unique solution of an auxiliary quadratic program. This article uses lexicographic directional derivatives, a newly developed tool in nonsmooth analysis, to generalize the classical NLP sensitivity analysis theory of Ralph and Dempe. By viewing said auxiliary quadratic program as a parametric NLP, the results of Ralph and Dempe are applied to furnish a sequence of coupled QPs, whose unique solutions yield generalized derivative information for the NLP. A practically implementable algorithm is provided. The theory developed here is motivated by widespread applications of nonlinear programming sensitivity analysis, such as in dynamic control and optimization problems.
Fas-induced Arachidonic Acid Release Is Mediated by Ca2+-independent Phospholipase A2 but Not Cytosolic Phospholipase A2, Which Undergoes Proteolytic Inactivation (1998)

Fas-mediated apoptosis of human leukemic U937 cells was accompanied by increased arachidonic acid (AA) and oleic acid release from membrane glycerophospholipids, indicating phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation. During apoptosis, type IV cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), a PLA2 isozyme with an apparent molecular mass of 110 kDa critical for stimulus-coupled AA release, was converted to a 78-kDa fragment with concomitant loss of catalytic activity. Cleavage of cPLA2 correlated with increased caspase-3-like protease activity in apoptotic cells and was abrogated by a caspase-3 inhibitor. A mutant cPLA2 protein in which Asp522 was replaced by Asn, which aligns with the consensus sequence of the caspase-3 cleavage site (DXXD downward arrowX), was resistant to apo-ptosis-associated proteolysis. Moreover, a COOH-terminal deletion mutant of cPLA2 truncated at Asp522 comigrated with the 78-kDa fragment and exhibited no enzymatic activity. Thus, caspase-3-mediated cPLA2 cleavage eventually leads to destruction of a catalytic triad essential for cPLA2 activity, thereby terminating its AA-releasing function. In contrast, the activity of type VI Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), a PLA2 isozyme implicated in phospholipid remodeling, remained intact during apoptosis. Inhibitors of iPLA2, but neither cPLA2 nor secretory PLA2 inhibitors, suppressed AA release markedly and, importantly, delayed cell death induced by Fas. Therefore, we conclude that iPLA2-mediated fatty acid release is facilitated in Fas-stimulated cells and plays a modifying although not essential role in the apoptotic cell death process.
In silico comparative analysis of conserved genes expressed in solanaceous plants under abiotic stresses (2011)

The gene expression data was studied in order to analyze genes involved in different abiotic stresses in solanaceous plants. Salt, temperature (heat & cold) and drought are the main abiotic stresses to the plants. Abiotic stress responses are important for sessile organisms like plants because they have to cope with environmental changes to survive. The idea was to analyze those differentially expressed genes, which show common expression in response to different abiotic stress conditions in each plant. Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) are important mediators in signal transmission, connecting the perception of external stimuli to cellular responses. In plants, MAPKs plays a major role in the signaling of abiotic stresses. The expression data were retrieved from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database at NCBI. The set of genes were selected showing up or down regulation in at least two abiotic stresses. These genes were used for searching their involvement in different steps of MAP kinase pathway. Our findings suggest that a common set of genes are the key players in signaling pathway responsible for initiation of cascade of reaction in response to stress. The study will help to understand how the conserved genes are expressing differentially in response to various abiotic stresses. The common genes affecting the MAP kinase pathway might be highly conserved. These genes may be used to study the response of different abiotic stresses in other plant species.
Design of a haptic joystick for shared robot control (2012)

No abstract available.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorinated Aryl Peroxides. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Accelerating Information Retrieval from Profile Hidden Markov Model Databases (2016)

Profile Hidden Markov Model (Profile-HMM) is an efficient statistical approach to represent protein families. Currently, several databases maintain valuable protein sequence information as profile-HMMs. There is an increasing interest to improve the efficiency of searching Profile-HMM databases to detect sequence-profile or profile-profile homology. However, most efforts to enhance searching efficiency have been focusing on improving the alignment algorithms. Although the performance of these algorithms is fairly acceptable, the growing size of these databases, as well as the increasing demand for using batch query searching approach, are strong motivations that call for further enhancement of information retrieval from profile-HMM databases. This work presents a heuristic method to accelerate the current profile-HMM homology searching approaches. The method works by cluster-based remodeling of the database to reduce the search space, rather than focusing on the alignment algorithms. Using different clustering techniques, 4284 TIGRFAMs profiles were clustered based on their similarities. A representative for each cluster was assigned. To enhance sensitivity, we proposed an extended step that allows overlapping among clusters. A validation benchmark of 6000 randomly selected protein sequences was used to query the clustered profiles. To evaluate the efficiency of our approach, speed and recall values were measured and compared with the sequential search approach. Using hierarchical, k-means, and connected component clustering techniques followed by the extended overlapping step, we obtained an average reduction in time of 41%, and an average recall of 96%. Our results demonstrate that representation of profile-HMMs using a clustering-based approach can significantly accelerate data retrieval from profile-HMM databases.
Basic studies of a low density Hall current ion accelerator (1966)

Variation of electron temperature and number density, ion current density and plasma potential through low density Hall current ion accelerator as function of magnetic field strength