gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific Accumulation of Lipoprotein(a) in Balloon-Injured Rabbit Aorta In Vivo (1996)

To explore whether lipoprotein(a), Lp(a), may accumulate preferentially to LDL in the arterial wall at sites of injury, cholesterol-fed rabbits were injected intravenously with radiolabeled Lp(a) and/or LDL 3.1 +/- 0.1 days (mean +/- SEM, n = 30) after a balloon injury of the thoracic aorta. After 5 to 10 minutes' exposure to labeled lipoproteins, more labeled LDL than labeled Lp(a) was recovered in the intima-inner media of the balloon-injured segment (n = 9; paired t test, P < .0001); however, the amount of tightly bound labeled lipoprotein was similar for the two lipoprotein fractions. In the second set of experiments, 131I-Lp(a) (or 131I-LDL) was injected 26 hours before and 125I-Lp(a) (or 125I-LDL) 3 hours before the aorta was removed. Permeability and fractional loss of labeled Lp(a) (n = 8) versus LDL (n = 7) in the balloon-injured aortic intima-inner media were: permeability, 0.46 +/- 0.10 microL/cm2 per hour versus 1.41 +/- 0.32 microL/cm2 per hour (nonpaired t test, P < .0001); and fractional loss, 0.12 +/- 0.02 h-1 versus 0.44 +/- 0.05 h-1 (nonpaired t test, P = .0001), respectively. Finally, after 23 hours' exposure to labeled lipoproteins, the total accumulation and the amount of tightly bound labeled Lp(a) in the balloon-injured intima-inner media were, respectively, 174% (n = 6; ANOVA, P = .03) and 256% ANOVA, P = .005) of the values for labeled LDL. For labeled Lp(a) in the balloon-injured compared with the normal aortic intima-inner media, the recovery after 5 to 10 minutes, the permeability, and the accumulation after 23 hours were all increased, whereas the fractional loss was unchanged. These data suggest that the accumulation of Lp(a) is much larger in injured vessels than in normal vessels. Moreover, the data support the idea of a specific accumulation of Lp(a) compared with LDL in injured vessels.
AMON: A Wearable Multiparameter Medical Monitoring and Alert System (2004)

This paper describes an advanced care and alert portable telemedical monitor (AMON), a wearable medical monitoring and alert system targeting high-risk cardiac/respiratory patients. The system includes continuous collection and evaluation of multiple vital signs, intelligent multiparameter medical emergency detection, and a cellular connection to a medical center. By integrating the whole system in an unobtrusive, wrist-worn enclosure and applying aggressive low-power design techniques, continuous long-term monitoring can be performed without interfering with the patients' everyday activities and without restricting their mobility. In the first two and a half years of this EU IST sponsored project, the AMON consortium has designed, implemented, and tested the described wrist-worn device, a communication link, and a comprehensive medical center software package. The performance of the system has been validated by a medical study with a set of 33 subjects. The paper describes the main concepts behind the AMON system and presents details of the individual subsystems and solutions as well as the results of the medical validation.
Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum L4 (1997)

Lactobacillus plantarum is used as starter culture for vegetable fermentation, olives conservation, ensiling and probiotic preparations for humans and animals. For the administration of probiotics to humans or animals, strains of lactic acid bacteria should be resistant to the specific conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. The strain Lactobacillus plantarum L4 was examined for probiotic activities in experiments in vitro. The culture supernatant of L. plantarum L4 showed antimicrobial activity against enteropathogenic, spore-forming and fungal test microorganisms. That activity was higher than the antimicrobial activity of the corresponding concentration of lactic acid alone. At low pH values of the medium and in the prsence of lysozyme and substances such as phenol and bile salts, bacterium L. plantarum L4 showed a satisfactory degree of survival. Its resistance against different antibiotics that are often used in therapy was confirmed by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration.
Density Functional Theory Studies of the Catalyst Structure–Activity and Selectivity Relationships in Rh(I)-Catalyzed Transfer C–H Borylation of Alkenes (2022)

We report the results of a computational investigation that shed light on the catalyst structure–activity and selectivity relationships for our recently developed Rh(I)-xantphos-catalyzed transfer C–H borylation of alkenes. Our study uncovered the influence that the ligand properties have on the free energy surfaces of the reactions catalyzed by a series of Rh catalysts bearing derivatives of the xantphos ligand with varied electronic features and steric demands. We present the full reaction profiles and provide a closer look on how different modifications to the ligand structure influence each step of the catalytic reaction. We observed that the increased steric effects have a large effect on the free energy surfaces, increasing the energy barriers, thereby decreasing the rates of the reaction. In turn, the electronic effects can stabilize key transition states and destabilize crucial intermediates, such as the resting of the catalyst, thus accelerating the overall catalytic process. Additionally, the electronic effects can modify the relative rates of the alternative pathways and therefore affect the selectivity preferences. In general, our study provides guidelines for the rational development of new catalysts to further enhance the performance of the catalytic system and address the remaining challenges.
Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications (2015)

This paper provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT) with emphasis on enabling technologies, protocols, and application issues. The IoT is enabled by the latest developments in RFID, smart sensors, communication technologies, and Internet protocols. The basic premise is to have smart sensors collaborate directly without human involvement to deliver a new class of applications. The current revolution in Internet, mobile, and machine-to-machine (M2M) technologies can be seen as the first phase of the IoT. In the coming years, the IoT is expected to bridge diverse technologies to enable new applications by connecting physical objects together in support of intelligent decision making. This paper starts by providing a horizontal overview of the IoT. Then, we give an overview of some technical details that pertain to the IoT enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. Compared to other survey papers in the field, our objective is to provide a more thorough summary of the most relevant protocols and application issues to enable researchers and application developers to get up to speed quickly on how the different protocols fit together to deliver desired functionalities without having to go through RFCs and the standards specifications. We also provide an overview of some of the key IoT challenges presented in the recent literature and provide a summary of related research work. Moreover, we explore the relation between the IoT and other emerging technologies including big data analytics and cloud and fog computing. We also present the need for better horizontal integration among IoT services. Finally, we present detailed service use-cases to illustrate how the different protocols presented in the paper fit together to deliver desired IoT services.
Design considerations for regular fabrics (2004)

Structured ASICs are an emerging new class of ASICs that attempt to bridge the widening gap in per-unit manufacturing costs, non recurring engineering (NRE) costs, power consumption, and performance between zero-mask programmable devices such as FPGAs and devices such as cell based ASICs, which require new custom designed masks for every ASIC. They offer an intermediate trade-off point between the two extremes of the very high per unit cost, but zero non-recurring cost of FPGAs, and the very low per unit cost, but very high non-recurring cost of cell based ASICs. They also offer a similar, intermediate trade-off point between the two extremes for performance and power consumption. A common theme across all structured ASICs is the use of a circuit fabric that has a regular, repeating pattern of elementary building blocks that can be programmed using one or more masks to implement an ASIC device. In this paper, we describe the considerations involved in designing the regular circuit fabrics underlying structured ASIC offerings.
Development of a partner preference test that differentiates between established pair bonds and other relationships in socially monogamous titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) (2015)

Partner preference, or the selective social preference for a pair mate, is a key behavioral indicator of social monogamy. Standardized partner preference testing has been used extensively in rodents but a single test has not been standardized for primates. The goal of this study was to develop a partner preference test with socially monogamous titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) adapted from the widely used rodent test. In Experiment 1, we evaluated the test with pairs of titi monkeys (N = 12) in a three-chambered apparatus for 3 hr. The subject was placed in the middle chamber, with grated windows separating it from its partner on one side and an opposite sex stranger on the other side. Subjects spent a greater proportion of time in proximity to their partners' windows than the strangers', indicating a consistent preference for the partner over the stranger. Touching either window did not differ between partners and strangers, suggesting it was not a reliable measure of partner preference. Subjects chose their partner more than the stranger during catch and release sessions at the end of the test. In Experiment 2, we compared responses of females with current partners (N = 12) in the preference test with other relationship types representing former attachment bonds (N = 13) and no attachment bond (N = 8). Only females from established pair bonds spent significantly more time near their partner's window compared to the stranger's indicating that this measure of preference was unique to current partners. Other measures of preference did not differentiate behavior toward a current partner and other relationship types. This test reproduces behavioral patterns found in previous studies in titi monkeys highlighting the accuracy of this new partner preference test. This test can be used as a standardized measure of partner preference in titi monkeys to quantitatively study pair bonding and evaluate factors influencing partner preference.
Activating the "breakfast club": Modeling influence spread in natural-world social networks (2017)

While reigning models of diffusion have privileged the structure of a given social network as the key to informational exchange, real human interactions do not appear to take place on a single graph of connections. Using data collected from a pilot study of the spread of HIV awareness in social networks of homeless youth, we show that health information did not diffuse in the field according to the processes outlined by dominant models. Since physical network diffusion scenarios often diverge from their more well-studied counterparts on digital networks, we propose an alternative Activation Jump Model (AJM) that describes information diffusion on physical networks from a multi-agent team perspective. Our model exhibits two main differentiating features from leading cascade and threshold models of influence spread: 1) The structural composition of a seed set team impacts each individual node's influencing behavior, and 2) an influencing node may spread information to non-neighbors. We show that the AJM significantly outperforms existing models in its fit to the observed node-level influence data on the youth networks. We then prove theoretical results, showing that the AJM exhibits many well-behaved properties shared by dominant models. Our results suggest that the AJM presents a flexible and more accurate model of network diffusion that may better inform influence maximization in the field.
The Effects of In-Plane Spatial Resolution on CT-Based Radiomic Features’ Stability with and without ComBat Harmonization (2021)

While handcrafted radiomic features (HRFs) have shown promise in the field of personalized medicine, many hurdles hinder its incorporation into clinical practice, including but not limited to their sensitivity to differences in acquisition and reconstruction parameters. In this study, we evaluated the effects of differences in in-plane spatial resolution (IPR) on HRFs, using a phantom dataset (n = 14) acquired on two scanner models. Furthermore, we assessed the effects of interpolation methods (IMs), the choice of a new unified in-plane resolution (NUIR), and ComBat harmonization on the reproducibility of HRFs. The reproducibility of HRFs was significantly affected by variations in IPR, with pairwise concordant HRFs, as measured by the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), ranging from 42% to 95%. The number of concordant HRFs (CCC > 0.9) after resampling varied depending on (i) the scanner model, (ii) the IM, and (iii) the NUIR. The number of concordant HRFs after ComBat harmonization depended on the variations between the batches harmonized. The majority of IMs resulted in a higher number of concordant HRFs compared to ComBat harmonization, and the combination of IMs and ComBat harmonization did not yield a significant benefit. Our developed framework can be used to assess the reproducibility and harmonizability of RFs.
Approximating Fill in Solving Sparse Linear Systems (1991)

In this paper, we present the first approximation algorithm for minimizing fill in solving a symmetric positive-definite sparse linear system of equations. Moreover, the elimination ordering of variables output by the algorithm also approximately minimizes two other important quantities: the total number of multiplications and the total time taken on a parallel machine to solve the problem using gaussian elimination. For a constant number of nonzero elements in each row and column, the performance guarantee is polylogarithmic in the number of variables. The bound is weaker in other cases. The problem of minimizing fill is directly related to the problem of minimum graph chordalization for which we give an approximation algorithm here. The algorithm is based on a method of Leighton and Rao for finding approximate balanced node separators in undirected graphs.
Immunology of gut mucosal vaccines (2010)

Understanding the mechanisms underlying the induction of immunity in the gastrointestinal mucosa following oral immunization and the cross-talk between mucosal and systemic immunity should expedite the development of vaccines to diminish the global burden caused by enteric pathogens. Identifying an immunological correlate of protection in the course of field trials of efficacy, animal models (when available), or human challenge studies is also invaluable. In industrialized country populations, live attenuated vaccines (e.g. polio, typhoid, and rotavirus) mimic natural infection and generate robust protective immune responses. In contrast, a major challenge is to understand and overcome the barriers responsible for the diminished immunogenicity and efficacy of the same enteric vaccines in underprivileged populations in developing countries. Success in developing vaccines against some enteric pathogens has heretofore been elusive (e.g. Shigella). Different types of oral vaccines can selectively or inclusively elicit mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum immunoglobulin G antibodies and a variety of cell-mediated immune responses. Areas of research that require acceleration include interaction between the gut innate immune system and the stimulation of adaptive immunity, development of safe yet effective mucosal adjuvants, better understanding of homing to the mucosa of immunologically relevant cells, and elicitation of mucosal immunologic memory. This review dissects the immune responses elicited in humans by enteric vaccines.
RETRACTED: Thymoquinone and Curcumin Defeat Aging-Associated Oxidative Alterations Induced by D-Galactose in Rats’ Brain and Heart (2021)

D-galactose (D-gal) administration causes oxidative disorder and is widely utilized in aging animal models. Therefore, we subcutaneously injected D-gal at 200 mg/kg BW dose to assess the potential preventive effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and curcumin (Cur) against the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal. Other than the control, vehicle, and D-gal groups, the TQ and Cur treated groups were orally supplemented at 20 mg/kg BW of each alone or combined. TQ and Cur effectively suppressed the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal in brain and heart tissues. The TQ and Cur combination significantly decreased the elevated necrosis in the brain and heart by D-gal. It significantly reduced brain caspase 3, calbindin, and calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1), heart caspase 3, and BCL2. Expression of mRNA of the brain and heart <i>TP53</i>, <i>p21</i>, <i>Bax</i>, and <i>CASP-3</i> were significantly downregulated in the TQ and Cur combination group along with upregulation of <i>BCL2</i> in comparison with the D-gal group. Data suggested that the TQ and Cur combination is a promising approach in aging prevention.
Reactions of Acetylenic Compounds under Hydroformylation Conditions2 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Acetylenic Compounds under Hydroformylation Conditions2HAROLD GREENFIELD, JOHN H. WOTIZ, and IRVING WENDERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 5, 542–546Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01356a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01356a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ROBUST CONTROL OF AN EVTOL THROUGH TRANSITION WITH A GAIN SCHEDULING LQR CONTROLLER (2020)

The advancements in electric motor propulsion and battery technologies have made the implementation of electric power in aerial transportation increasingly feasible. As such, the interest and development of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft has become a greater portion of the market. This increase drives a need for research into control of the eVTOLs to ensure safe flight through the transition from hover to forward flight. This paper proposes a control strategy using the transition dynamics in a gain scheduling LQR attitude controller to robustly control the vehicle at any point throughout transition. The proposed control strategy is tested through implementation in nonlinear 3DOF and 6DOF simulations. The robustness of the controller is tested through simulating transition and virtual mission profiles.
Growth Hormone and Prolactin Response to Apomorphine in Schizophrenia and the Major Affective Disorders (1984)

The responses of serum prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) to the dopamine agonist apomorphine hydrochloride (0.75 mg subcutaneously) were studied in a large group of unmedicated hospitalized patients with functional psychoses. There were no differences in the GH response in various diagnostic groups. The PRL response was greater in patients with affective disorders. The GH response was inversely related to total duration of illness in the entire sample of patients, but this correlation was independent of age effect only in the group of patients with major depression. In schizophrenics, the effect of the two factors, age and duration of the illness, could not be separated. The apomorphine-induced GH response was significantly correlated with psychosis ratings and negative symptom scale scores. The apomorphine-induced PRL suppression correlated significantly with various measures of depression across diagnostic groups.
Dictionary Learning Based Color Demosaicing for Plenoptic Cameras (2014)

Recently plenoptic cameras have gained much attention, as they capture the 4D light field of a scene which is useful for numerous computer vision and graphics applications. Similar to traditional digital cameras, plenoptic cameras use a color filter array placed onto the image sensor so that each pixel only samples one of three primary color values. A color demosaicing algorithm is then used to generate a full-color plenoptic image, which often introduces color aliasing artifacts. In this paper, we propose a dictionary learning based demosaicing algorithm that recovers a full-color light field from a captured plenoptic image using sparse optimization. Traditional methods consider only spatial correlations between neighboring pixels on a captured plenoptic image. Our method takes advantage of both spatial and angular correlations inherent in naturally occurring light fields. We demonstrate that our method outperforms traditional color demosaicing methods by performing experiments on a wide variety of scenes.
Regulation of Immune Responses by the Neonatal Fc Receptor and Its Therapeutic Implications (2015)

As a single receptor, the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is critically involved in regulating albumin and IgG serum concentrations by protecting these two ligands from degradation. In addition to these essential homeostatic functions, FcRn possesses important functions in regulating immune responses that are equally as critical and are increasingly coming to attention. During the first stages of life, FcRn mediates the passive transfer of IgG across the maternal placenta or neonatal intestinal walls of mammals, thereby conferring passive immunity to the offspring before and after birth. In fact, FcRn is one of the very few molecules that are known to move from luminal to serosal membranes of polarized cells that form epithelial barriers of the lung and intestines. Together with FcRn's recently explored critical role in eliciting MHC II presentation and MHC class I cross-presentation of IgG-complexed antigen, this renders FcRn capable of exerting broad and potent functions in regulating immune responses and immunosurveillance at mucosal sites. Further, it is now clear that FcRn dependent mucosal absorption of therapeutic molecules is a clinically feasible and potent novel route of non-invasive drug delivery, and the interaction between FcRn and IgG has also been utilized for the acquisition of humoral immunity at mucosal sites. In this review, we begin by briefly summarizing the basic knowledge on FcRn expression and IgG binding, then describe more recent discoveries pertaining to the mechanisms by which FcRn orchestrates IgG related mucosal immune responses and immunosurveillance at host-environment interfaces within the adult organism. Finally, we outline how the knowledge of actions of FcRn at mucosal boundaries can be capitalized for the development and engineering of powerful mucosal vaccination strategies and novel routes for the non-invasive delivery of Fc-based therapeutics.