gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Negative regulation of urokinase receptor activity by a GPI-specific phospholipase C in breast cancer cells (2020)

The urokinase receptor (uPAR) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein that promotes tissue remodeling, tumor cell adhesion, migration and invasion. uPAR mediates degradation of the extracellular matrix through protease recruitment and enhances cell adhesion, migration and signaling through vitronectin binding and interactions with integrins. Full-length uPAR is released from the cell surface, but the mechanism and significance of uPAR shedding remain obscure. Here we identify transmembrane glycerophosphodiesterase GDE3 as a GPI-specific phospholipase C that cleaves and releases uPAR with consequent loss of function, whereas its homologue GDE2 fails to attack uPAR. GDE3 overexpression depletes uPAR from distinct basolateral membrane domains in breast cancer cells, resulting in a less transformed phenotype, it slows tumor growth in a xenograft model and correlates with prolonged survival in patients. Our results establish GDE3 as a negative regulator of the uPAR signaling network and, furthermore, highlight GPI-anchor hydrolysis as a cell-intrinsic mechanism to alter cell behavior.
Post‐translational processing of prepro‐urotensin II (1990)

The primary structure of a teleost prepro-urotensin II may be deduced from the nucleotide sequence of cloned DNA complementary to carp prepro-urotensin II mRNA but the pathway of post-translational processing of the precursor is unknown. In this study, we have isolated four peptides from an extract of flounder urophysis that are derived from prepro-urotensin II by proteolytic cleavage. The amino acid sequences of the peptides demonstrate that flounder prepro-urotensin II is cleaved at two monobasic processing sites (single arginine residues) to generate peptides with limited homology to carp prepro-urotensin II-(22-41)-, -(42-87)- and -(88-110)-peptides. Cleavage at a tribasic residue processing site generates a urotensin II with the primary structure: Ala-Gly-Thr-Thr-Glu-Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys-Val. Urotensin II-(4-12)-peptide represented a minor component in the extract.
The Two ATP Binding Sites of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Play Distinct Roles in Gating Kinetics and Energetics (2006)

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a member of the ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporter family, is a chloride channel whose activity is controlled by protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation. Opening and closing (gating) of the phosphorylated CFTR is coupled to ATP binding and hydrolysis at CFTR's two nucleotide binding domains (NBD1 and NBD2). Recent studies present evidence that the open channel conformation reflects a head-to-tail dimerization of CFTR's two NBDs as seen in the NBDs of other ABC transporters (Vergani et al., 2005). Whether these two ATP binding sites play an equivalent role in the dynamics of NBD dimerization, and thus in gating CFTR channels, remains unsettled. Based on the crystal structures of NBDs, sequence alignment, and homology modeling, we have identified two critical aromatic amino acids (W401 in NBD1 and Y1219 in NBD2) that coordinate the adenine ring of the bound ATP. Conversion of the W401 residue to glycine (W401G) has little effect on the sensitivity of the opening rate to [ATP], but the same mutation at the Y1219 residue dramatically lowers the apparent affinity for ATP by >50-fold, suggesting distinct roles of these two ATP binding sites in channel opening. The W401G mutation, however, shortens the open time constant. Energetic analysis of our data suggests that the free energy of ATP binding at NBD1, but not at NBD2, contributes significantly to the energetics of the open state. This kinetic and energetic asymmetry of CFTR's two NBDs suggests an asymmetric motion of the NBDs during channel gating. Opening of the channel is initiated by ATP binding at the NBD2 site, whereas separation of the NBD dimer at the NBD1 site constitutes the rate-limiting step in channel closing.
Individual life histories: neither slow nor fast, just diverse (2023)

The slow-fast continuum is a commonly used framework to describe variation in life-history strategies across species. Individual life histories have also been assumed to follow a similar pattern, especially in the pace-of-life syndrome literature. However, whether a slow-fast continuum commonly explains life-history variation among individuals within a population remains unclear. Here, we formally tested for the presence of a slow-fast continuum of life histories both within populations and across species using detailed long-term individual-based demographic data for 17 bird and mammal species with markedly different life histories. We estimated adult lifespan, age at first reproduction, annual breeding frequency, and annual fecundity, and identified the main axes of life-history variation using principal component analyses. Across species, we retrieved the slow-fast continuum as the main axis of life-history variation. However, within populations, the patterns of individual life-history variation did not align with a slow-fast continuum in any species. Thus, a continuum ranking individuals from slow to fast living is unlikely to shape individual differences in life histories within populations. Rather, individual life-history variation is likely idiosyncratic across species, potentially because of processes such as stochasticity, density dependence, and individual differences in resource acquisition that affect species differently and generate non-generalizable patterns across species.
Investigation of Relationships between Petroleum Properties and Their Impact on Crude Oil Compatibility (2015)

Twenty-two crude oils around the world, from which 19 are processed in the LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas (LNB) refinery, were characterized in the LNB research laboratory by measuring 67 properties. These 22 crude oils included light low sulfur, light sulfur, intermediate low sulfur, intermediate sulfur, intermediate high sulfur, heavy high sulfur, and extra heavy extra high sulfur crudes. A new mathematical approach—the intercriteria analysis—was employed to study the relations between the petroleum properties. It was found that the petroleum properties, density, and sulfur content, along with the crude oil simulated distillation, seem to be capable of providing the same information as that from the full assay of a crude oil. Crude oils containing insoluble asphaltenes (self-incompatible oils) were found to have a high content of low aromaticity naphtha and kerosene. It was found that the asphaltene solubility correlated with the asphaltene hydrogen content. The oil solubility power was found to correlate with the oil saturate content. The oil colloidal stability seems to be controlled by the following rule: “like dissolves like”. The higher the aromaticity of the asphaltenes, the higher the aromaticity of the oil is required to keep the asphaltenes in solution. The processing of blends of oils which are incompatible or nearly incompatible may deteriorate the performance of the dewatering and desalting in the refinery, which consequently may damage the equipment due to accelerated corrosion, entailed by salt deposition. The processing of blends of oils, which are incompatible, not always can be related to an increased fouling.
Fresh Choice Restaurants, Inc.—Good Practices in Neighborhood Marketing (2001)

This article provides a case study of how Fresh Choice Restaurants use neighborhood or local area marketing to create positive community relations. Specific examples of how Fresh Choice implements neighborhood marketing are provided in the article.
Strong Acids for Asymmetric Catalysis (2016)

The development of novel highly acidic Brønsted and Lewis acid organocatalysts is described in this thesis. These rationally designed and synthesized N−H acidic phosphoramidimidates, iminoimidodiphosphates (iIDP), and imidodiphosphorimidates (IDPi) enabled catalytic asymmetric transformations inaccessible by previous organocatalysts. While a systematic modification of the proton donor in BINOL derived phosphoric acids was the focus of previous investigations, this work focused instead on the systematic sub- stitution of the proton acceptor ((RO)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;P(B)AH, B: Lewis donor, AH: Brønsted donor). The reduction of the Lewis basicity (=B) significantly increased the catalytic performance in synthesized phosphoramidimi- dates, iIDPs, and IDPis. These catalyst scaffolds vanished former limitations in asymmetric α-tocopherol, functionalized tetrahydropyran, and homoallylic alcohol syntheses. In particular, phosphoramidimidates were demonstrated to enable the direct asymmetric α-tocopherol synthesis from trimethylhydroquinone and isophytol in a single flask transformation, while previously reported BINOL-derived phosphates were insufficiently active for this transformation. Iminoimidodiphosphate Brønsted acid catalysts allowed the first general asymmetric Prins cyclization of both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes furnishing diverse 4-methylenetetrahydropyrans in good to excellent yields and enantiomeric ratios. In this context, iIDP catalysts provided an efficient and scalable enantioselective approach to various fragrances, such as rose oxide and doremox. Most significantly, imidodiphosphorimidate confined pre-Lewis acids catalyzed the asymmetric addition of allyltrimethylsilane to aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes furnishing homoallylic al- cohols in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. This Hosomi−Sakurai reaction was realized with IDPi loadings ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 mol%. These extremely active acid catalysts feature a highly tun- able and sterically demanding active site and selectively process small and loosely bound substrates. The C2-symmetric IDPi anion with a single catalytically relevant and geometrically constrained bifunctional active site are expected to find wide utility in various asymmetric reactions.
Preliminary experiences in using automatic inverse filtering of acoustical signals for the voice source analysis (1992)

A new straightforward glottal wave analysis method, called Iterative Adaptive Inverse Filtering (IAIF), is presented. The method is based on the separated speech production model that consists of three processes: The glottal excitation, the vocal tract and the lip radiation effect. In order to estimate the vocal tract transfer function the effect of the source to the speech spectrum is first estimated with an iterative procedure. After eliminating the estimated glottal contribution, the vocal tract transfer function is estimated using linear predictive analysis (LPC). The estimate for the glottal excitation is finally obtained by cancelling the effects of the vocal tract and lip radiation by inverse filtering. The performance of the new algorithm is verified and compared to two other LPC-based glottal wave analysis methods using synthetic vowels. It is shown that the IAIF-method is able to give a fairly accurate estimate for the glottal excitation. The results of the analysis of natural speech using the IAIF-method are also discussed.
Tasmanian researchers say cheers to compost tea (2006)

Changes in the frequency and severity of extreme weather may introduce new threats to species that are already under stress from gradual habitat loss and climate change. We provide a probabilistic framework that quantifies potential threats by applying concepts from ecological resilience to single populations. Our approach uses computation to compare disturbance-impacted projections to a population's normal range of variation, quantifying the full range of potential impacts. We illustrate this framework with projection models for coastal birds, which are commonly depicted as vulnerable to disturbances, especially hurricanes and oil spills. We found that populations of coastal specialists are resilient to extreme disturbances, with high resistance to the effects of short-term reductions in vital rates and recovery within 20 years. Applying the general framework presented here across disturbance-prone species and ecosystems would improve understanding of population resilience and generate specific projections of resilience that are needed for effective conservation planning.
Economic rents and legitimacy: incorporating elements of organizational analysis institutional theory to the field of business strategy (2007)

Are sources of economic rent, as defined by the prevalent business strategy paradigm, sufficient to attain and maintain superior returns? The perspective developed within the conceptual framework of the Institutional Theory may offer managers a contribution towards understanding the strategy process and its potentialities, particularly by stressing the leading role played by legitimacy, the influence of many institutional spheres, the isomorphic pressures, ceremonial behavior and decoupling, among other elements, that mainstream business strategy fails to address directly, but which may have a significant effect on firm performance. We advance that these elements must be accounted for in the pursuit and acquisition of economic rents, even if the ability to articulate them purposefully is constrained by rationality, agency conditions and the manager's social embeddedness.
Room Temperature Ammonia and Humidity Sensing Using Highly Ordered Nanoporous Alumina Films (2002)

The effect of pore size and uniformity on the response of nanoporous alumina, formed on aluminum thick films through an anodization process, to ammonia and humidity at room temperature is reported. Pore sizes examined range from 13 nm to 48 nm, with pore size standard deviations ranging from 2.6 nm to 7.8 nm. The response of the material to ammonia and humidity is a strong function of pore size and operating frequency. At 5 kHz an alumina sensor with an average pore size of 13.6 nm, standard deviation 2.6 nm, exhibits a factor of two change in impedance magnitude as it is cycled between an ammonia and argon environment. At 5 kHz the same sensor exhibits a well-behaved change in impedance magnitude of 103 over 20% to 90% relative humidity. Cole-Cole plots of the 5 Hz to 13 MHz measured impedance spectra, modeled using equivalent circuits, are used to resolve the effects of adsorption and ion migration.
Identification of the 49-kDa Autoantigen Associated with Lymphocytic Hypophysitis as α-Enolase (2002)

Lymphocytic hypophysitis is part of the spectrum of organ-specific autoimmune diseases, and although its histopathology is well documented, its pathogenesis is unclear. Serum autoantibodies directed against a 49-kDa cytosolic protein are detected by immunoblotting in 70% of patients with biopsy-proven lymphocytic hypophysitis. Here we report the purification and identification of this first target autoantigen in lymphocytic hypophysitis. The autoantigen has a molecular mass of 49 kDa, a cytosolic localization, and a ubiquitous tissue distribution. The 49-kDa protein was purified from monkey brain and human placental cytosol. Limited amino acid sequencing after proteolytic digestion of the human placental protein showed identity with alpha-enolase. The identification was confirmed using sera from patients with pituitary autoimmunity, which strongly reacted with recombinant human alpha-enolase and yeast enolase, but not with rabbit muscle beta- enolase. This indicates that the immunoreactive epitopes are largely conserved from yeast to human, but are not present in beta-enolase. alpha-Enolase autoantibodies are not specific to pituitary autoimmune disease and have been reported in other autoimmune diseases. However, this study is the first to indicate a role for alpha-enolase as an autoantigen in lymphocytic hypophysitis.
Performance projections of alternative AMTEC systems and devices (1991)

The AMTEC is a device for the direct conversion of heat to electrical power with no moving parts. Most proposed AMTEC systems have focused on minimizing converter mass for space applications. This paper presents two AMTEC devices that focus on high conversion efficiencies (≳30% at 1100 K) and high volumetric power densities. These high current, low voltage modules could find use in small applications such as EM pumps or large systems requiring many modules to reach the desired power levels. A near term system called the tube bundle system produces a peak power of 426 W/1 and a peak efficiency (at lower power) of 34% at 1100 K hot zone temperature. A more advanced system called a flat plate system produces 2.4 W/1 and 30% efficiency at 1100 K. Further improvements are projected for these devices through the development of optimized porous electrodes or a potassium ion conducting sold electrolyte.
A new TRIAC dimmable LED driver control method achieves high-PF and quality-of-light (2012)

TRIAC dimmable LED driver senses the input phase or RMS voltage to determine the dimming current level. Most TRIAC dimmable LED drivers use bleeding circuits to help supply enough holding current in order to keep the TRIAC on. This usually adds extra power devices and control circuits to the bleeding circuit. This paper proposes a new dimming approach that allows the dimmer to turn off if the dimmer current drops below the holding threshold. The input capacitance is actively discharged by the boost circuit. The boost operation restores the input phase without keeping the TRIAC conduction. Therefore it avoids the multi-firing and dimmer turn-off inconsistency. Both the bleeding and holding functions are integrated into the boost circuit.
Correction: Ultra-low fouling alkylimidazolium modified surfaces for the detection of HER2 in breast cancer cell lysates (2017)

Correction for 'Ultra-low fouling methylimidazolium modified surfaces for the detection of HER2 in breast cancer cell lysates' by Alexandra Aubé et al., Analyst, 2017, 142, 2343-2353.
Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5B Protein Is Highly Efficacious as a Single-Dose Therapy against an Intestinal Roundworm Infection in Mice (2010)

This study indicates that Bt Cry proteins such as Cry5B have excellent anthelmintic properties in vivo and that proper formulation of the protein is likely to reveal a superior anthelmintic.
Network security simulation and evaluation (2008)

In this paper, we propose an approach of analyzing and evaluating network security based on simulation. It can provide measurable data to help improving network security by simulating various cyber attacks and calculating the security loss of the network to estimate the impacts of the attacks. Firstly, the basic method of evaluation and formulae of calculating security loss are proposed, and then the simulation models and the simulation system which has been implemented are introduced.
Flowgraph techniques as an aid in AC worst case analysis. (1968)

Flow graph techniques application to AC network worst case analysis, obtaining sensitivity function by splitting network elements into voltage and current generators
Reporting Genetic Markers and the Social Determinants of Health in Clinical Cardiovascular Research—It Is Time to Recalibrate the Use of Race (2020)

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The Mechanism How Coaxial Magnetic Gear Transmits Magnetic Torques Between Its Two Rotors: Detailed Analysis of Torque Distribution on Modulating Ring (2019)

Coaxial magnetic gears (CMGs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The field modulation effect arising from modulating ring is considered as the reason why CMG can realize torque transmission between its two rotors. However, the magnetic torque interaction among modulating ring and two rotors is rarely investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to figure out the detailed torque distribution on the modulating ring, which plays a crucial role as the force/torque medium between the inner rotor and the outer rotor. First, the conceptual model, the operating principle, and the practical configurations of CMGs are introduced. Second, theoretical derivation of torque distribution on each surface of modulating rings with different connecting bridges is conducted by using the Maxwell stress tensor method. The calculation results match very well with those obtained from the traditional “holistic analysis method” that is widely used in previous publications, and this validates our proposed “detailed analysis method.” Third, how the connecting bridges affect the torque distribution on modulating rings is presented intuitively. Finally, three CMGs with inner bridge, outer bridge, and double bridges, respectively, are built for experimental verification.
The Novel Nonlinear Adaptive Doppler Shift Estimation Technique and the Coherent Doppler Lidar System Validation Lidar (2006)

The signal processing aspect of a 2-m wavelength coherent Doppler lidar system under development at NASA Langley Research Center in Virginia is investigated in this paper. The lidar system is named VALIDAR (validation lidar) and its signal processing program estimates and displays various wind parameters in real-time as data acquisition occurs. The goal is to improve the quality of the current estimates such as power, Doppler shift, wind speed, and wind direction, especially in low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime. A novel Nonlinear Adaptive Doppler Shift Estimation Technique (NADSET) is developed on such behalf and its performance is analyzed using the wind data acquired over a long period of time by VALIDAR. The quality of Doppler shift and power estimations by conventional Fourier-transform-based spectrum estimation methods deteriorates rapidly as SNR decreases. NADSET compensates such deterioration in the quality of wind parameter estimates by adaptively utilizing the statistics of Doppler shift estimate in a strong SNR range and identifying sporadic range bins where good Doppler shift estimates are found. The authenticity of NADSET is established by comparing the trend of wind parameters with and without NADSET applied to the long-period lidar return data.
Traditional real estate data (2017)

The main focus of Chapter 1 is the three pillars of property data sources, which includes government, industry, and academia. A system is developed that classifies data according to its scope, substance, source, and sphere – the four S’s of property data. Information on government sources such as assessor/valuer data, national censuses, central banks, and similar outlets is provided. Private and industry data sources such as the MLS, CoreLogic, CoStar, Zillow, and other data aggregators are covered and licensing issues addressed.