gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Fertigation System Using Hybrid Vision-Based Lettuce Phenotyping and Fuzzy Logic Valve Controller Towards Sustainable Aquaponics (2021)

Sustainability is a major challenge in any plant factory, particularly those involving precision agriculture. In this study, an adaptive fertigation system in a three-tier nutrient film technique aquaponic system was developed using a non-destructive vision-based lettuce phenotype (VIPHLET) model integrated with an 18-rule Mamdani fuzzy inference system for nutrient valve control. Four lettuce phenes, that is, fresh weight, chlorophylls a and b , and vitamin C concentrations as outputted by the genetic programming-based VIPHLET model were optimized for each growth stage by injecting NPK nutrients into the mixing tank, as determined based on leaf canopy signatures. This novel adaptive fertigation system resulted in higher nutrient use efficiency (99.678%) and lower chemical waste emission (14.108 mg L -1 ) than that by manual fertigation (92.468%, 178.88 mg L -1 ). Overall, it can improve agricultural malpractices in relation to sustainable agriculture.
Central Catheter‐Related Infections: Comparison of Pulmonary Artery Catheters and Triple Lumen Catheters for the Delivery of Hyperalimentation in a Critical Care Setting (1990)

We prospectively studied the risk of catheter-related sepsis (CRS) in 75 critically ill patients who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through 158 pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) and 214 triple-lumen catheters (TLCs). We relied on semiquantitative cultures of the catheter tips, peripheral blood cultures in febrile patients and clinical response to catheter removal to diagnose catheter-related sepsis. The infection rate was 2.5% (4/158) of PACs and 6.5% (14/214) of TLCs (p = 0.124). Colonization rates were 29.1% for PACs and 32% for TLCs. PACs were left in place a significantly shorter length of time than TLCs, 3.1 vs 5.1 days (p less than 0.005). Guidewire exchanges and subclavian vein insertions were associated with a decreased rate of CRS when compared to new insertions and internal jugular vein insertions, respectively. We conclude that pulmonary artery catheters can be used safely for the delivery of hyperalimentation in critically ill patients with no increased risk for catheter-related sepsis compared to triple-lumen catheters. The use of the PAC in this manner allows for the use of a single central venous catheter for the delivery of hyperalimentation and hemodynamic monitoring.
Low-cost farm equipment aids cuttings disposal offshore (1990)

Tommeliten field is situated in the Ekofisk area offshore Norway in 243 ft of water. The field was drilled and completed subsea. Six wells were drilled through the template and connected to the Edda platform, where gas and condensate are processed. The first five wells were drilled without collecting the cuttings. The 26-in. holes drilled were down to about 3,300 ft without a riser and all the soft, wet clay and loose sand were pumped out on the seabed. The 26-in. sections were drilled with seawater and viscous gel sweeps. Cuttings volume in the 26-in. section was around 9,535 cu ft, or half of the total well cuttings volume. Since returns from the 20-in. casing cement jobs were pumped on top of the cuttings from earlier drilling, it was thought the cuttings piles might cause problems. On top of these cuttings/cement piles, the remainder of the cuttings from the five wells were dropped from the rig. Average TD of the wells was around 11,319 ft. Sized at 137.8 ft by 82 ft, the template was more or less completely covered with cuttings after only a few wells were drilled. This paper discusses how a special operation was initiated to eliminatemore » the continued buildup of the subsea cuttings pile.« less
Dithering in quantized RSS based localization (2015)

We study maximum likelihood (ML) position estimation using quantized received signal strength measurements. In order to mitigate the undesired quantization effect in the observations, the dithering technique is adopted. Various dither noise distributions are considered and the corresponding likelihood functions are derived. Simulation results show that the proposed ML estimator with dithering is able to generate a significantly reduced bias but a modestly increased mean-square-error as compared to the conventional ML estimator without dithering.
FIGO staging of endometrial cancer: 2023 (2023)

The updated 2023 staging of endometrial cancer includes the various histological types, tumor patterns, and molecular classification to better reflect the improved understanding of the complex nature of the several types of endometrial carcinoma and their underlying biologic behavior. The changes incorporated in the 2023 staging system should provide a more evidence-based context for treatment recommendations and for the more refined future collection of outcome and survival data.
Assessing estimated velocity‐depth models: Finding the “error bars” in tomographic inversion (2007)

The main goal of tomography is to image the velocity structure of the earth. Using the common focus point technology introduced and discussed in Berkhout (1997) and Thorbecke (1997), a tomographic approach based on one‐way traveltimes, as opposed to the traditional approaches that use two‐way traveltimes, was developed and extensively proven in Cox (2004). Having this implicitly simpler tomographic methodology, we concentrate in this paper on another equally important goal, that of assessing the quality of the obtained image. Rather than having a single estimated model, we obtain an ensemble of models to which we associate “error bars” in order to present the uncertainty connected to them.
Antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae stool isolates circulating in Kenya (2017)

We sought to determine the genetic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of commensal Klebsiella spp. circulating in Kenya by testing human stool isolates of 87 K. pneumoniae and three K. oxytoca collected at eight locations. Over one-third of the isolates were resistant to ≥3 categories of antimicrobials and were considered multidrug-resistant (MDR). We then compared the resistance phenotype to the presence/absence of 238 AMR genes determined by a broad-spectrum microarray and PCR. Forty-six genes/gene families were identified conferring resistance to β-lactams (ampC/blaDHA, blaCMY/LAT, blaLEN-1, blaOKP-A/OKP-B1, blaOXA-1-like family, blaOXY-1, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-2 families), aminoglycosides (aac(3)-III, aac(6)-Ib, aad(A1/A2), aad(A4), aph(AI), aph3/str(A), aph6/str(B), and rmtB), macrolides (mac(A), mac(B), mph(A)/mph(K)), tetracyclines (tet(A), tet(B), tet(D), tet(G)), ansamycins (arr), phenicols (catA1/cat4, floR, cmlA, cmr), fluoroquinolones (qnrS), quaternary amines (qacEΔ1), streptothricin (sat2), sulfonamides (sul1, sul2, sul3), and diaminopyrimidines (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA8, dfrA12, dfrA13/21/22/23 family, dfrA14, dfrA15, dfrA16, dfrA17). This is the first profile of genes conferring resistance to multiple categories of antimicrobial agents in western and central Kenya. The large number and wide variety of resistance genes detected suggest the presence of significant selective pressure. The presence of five or more resistance determinants in almost two-thirds of the isolates points to the need for more effective, targeted public health policies and infection control/prevention measures.
402. [R. 1. d.] A Stern Chase (1913)

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Inverse design of dissipative quantum steady-states with implicit differentiation (2020)

Inverse design of a property that depends on the steady-state of an open quantum system is commonly done by grid-search type of methods. In this paper we present a new methodology that allows us to compute the gradient of the steady-state of an open quantum system with respect to any parameter of the Hamiltonian using the implicit differentiation theorem. As an example, we present a simulation of a spin-boson model where the steady-state solution is obtained using Redfield theory.
Plasma diagnostics with electric probes (1978)

The use of Langmuir or electric probes in collisionless plasmas which are of interest in sputter coating is briefly reviewed. The analysis of the probe current–voltage characteristic, especially that from double floating probes, to yield the plasma parameters, the electron temperature, and the ionization density, is considered in some detail. This paper is intended to be of use to the experimentalist who wishes to use Langmuir probes as a diagnostic tool but does not really want to become an expert in all aspects of probe theory and operation.
Scattering from a corrugated thick screen (2002)

A closed form, high-frequency solution is presented for the scattering in the near zone by a semi-infinite thick screen, when it is illuminated by a line source at finite distance. This solution is derived for a thick screen with perfectly conducting side walls, and either perfectly conducting or artificially soft boundary condition on the top face joining the two wedges. This last condition is practically obtained by etching on this face a quarter of a wavelength deep corrugations with a small periodicity with respect to the wavelength. Owing to the particular properties of the artificially soft surface, a strong decoupling effect in the shadow region is achieved for both polarizations; thus, an effective shielding from undesired interferences is obtained. The formulation adopted is based on the spectral approach, which is summarized. The artificially soft boundary condition is accounted for by the spectral Green's function. The procedure leads to a double spectral integral that is asymptotically evaluated. Thus, a high-frequency solution is obtained, that is described as a superposition of different diffracted field contributions, including doubly diffracted rays. This solution uniformly describes the total field, including those aspects where the transition regions of the diffracted fields from the two edges overlap, and an ordinary application of standard UTD fails. Numerical results are presented and discussed in order to emphasize the shielding effectiveness of the corrugated screen.
Cardiovascular applications of magnetic resonance (1993)

Published with the co-operation of the American Heart Association as part of their monograph series, this book addresses the present and future utility of magnetic-resonance approaches as applied to the assessment of the heart and blood vessels. In over 500 pages and 34 chapters, it provides information on the clinical and basic aspects of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging and their applications to the cardiovascular system. The first half of this text considers imaging, the second half concerns spectroscopy. This book is intended as a resource for scientists, physicians and healthcare professionals involved in this field.
Infilitration tests at the Sant Vicenç dels Horts artificial recharge experimental site (2010)

Infiltration capacity is the key parameter in an artificial recharge operation site. Infiltration capacity is spatially variable, and during operation it is also temporally variable due to surface clogging processes. Double-ring infiltrometer tests were performed at an experimental site close to Barcelona city (Spain). The site is located on alluvial deposits from the Llobregat River and comprises two half hectare ponds. River water collected upstream traveled through a two km pipe before entering the settling pond. Once the pond is filled water flows to the infiltration pond. Tests were performed only in the latter, prior to and after recharging the ponds. Prior to recharge, six points were selected to estimate infiltration capacity Points were evenly distributed and chosen considering\napparent soil texture at the site (coarse, medium and fine grains). All tests were performed allowing water to infiltrate for two hours and data was interpreted using the modified Kostiakov equation. Ponds were then flooded for about two months. The average infiltration rate values for the full infiltration pond before and after the flooding campaign were 5.8 m/day and 2.2 m/day, respectively. The double ring tests were then repeated at the same points, showing a reduction of the infiltration rate that varied between 7 and 90%. Control points with the initial highest infiltration rates presented the highest reduction in infiltration. Physical clogging due to particles settling appears to be the most likely cause of the diminished infiltration rates. This result is confirmed by other independent measurements during the flooding test. There is a clear tendency towards a lower infiltration rates when observing the relation through time of flow entering per volume of water on the infiltration pond at a given time.
Use of Heat-Shocked Mesophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria in Low-Fat Goat's Milk Cheesemaking (1996)

Heat-treated cultures (50 °C, 15 s) of mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, or Lactobacillus plantarum, were each added at a level of 1.25% as an adjunct to the starter in the manufacture of low-fat goat's milk cheese. This addition did not affect the cheesemaking process and the overall composition characteristics of the cheeses but led to an increase of free aminopeptidase activity and the amine nitrogen over the ripening period. This improved the flavor intensity and body characteristics of the cheeses. The ratio of hydrophobic to hydrophilic peptides of MW < 10 000 in the water-soluble fraction was lower in cheeses made with heat-shocked cells than in the control cheeses at 30 days of ripening. General acceptability of cheeses containing treated cells was greater than of the others, scoring low for bitter and acid taste. Keywords: Mesophilic lactic acid bacteria; heat treated; low-fat goat's cheese
Saturation compensation schemes for vector controlled induction motor drives (2002)

Modifications that are necessary in the structures of rotor flux computers and indirect vector controllers in order to take into account the main flux saturation are considered. The schemes discussed are based on measurement of the main flux and stator currents, stator voltages and stator currents, and stator currents and rotor speed. Particular attention is given to a calculator based on stator currents and rotor speed as measured variables and to simplified saturated indirect vector controllers. Verification of the proposed saturated rotor flux calculators and indirect vector controllers is provided by means of digital simulation. One of the schemes is applied in a vector-controlled induction motor drive, and experimental results are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reflectarray Engineering and Emerging Applications (2018)

This chapter looks at some of the advanced configurations and applications that have been developed over the years. A major step in design of a reflectarray is analyzing the radiation characteristics of the antenna. The formulation developed for planar reflectarray antennas can be generalized to analyze the performance of conformal reflectarrays. The numerous advantages of reflectarray antennas also make them a very practical choice for satellite communications. Numerous satellite applications require high-gain antennas with shaped beams that can be easily achieved using reflectarrays. The chapter discusses two representative reflectarray designs. The first one is used as a ground station antenna to monitor the orbit of navigation satellite; and the second one is design for onboard application, which integrates the antenna aperture with solar panels. A critical challenge in reflectarray antenna applications is the bandwidth limitation. Another grand challenge in reflectarray antenna applications is the beam-scanning capability.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on outcome of patients undergoing carotid artery stenting: Insights from a single center registry (2007)

Diabetics undergoing CAS are more likely to have associated co-morbidities. However despite this handicap, their short term outcome after CAS is similar to that of nondiabetics.
Evaluation of ozone deposition models over a subalpine forest in Niwot Ridge, Colorado (2018)

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated three conceptually similar ozone gas deposition models. These dry deposition models are frequently used with chemical transport models for calculations over large spatial domains. However, large scale applications of surfaceatmosphere exchange of reactive gases require modeling results as accurate as possible to avoid nonlinear accumulation of errors in the spatially representative results. In this paper, model evaluation and comparison against measured data over a coniferous forest at Niwot Ridge AmeriFlux site (Colorado, USA) is carried out. At this site, no previous model calibration took place for any of the models, therefore, we can test and compare their performances under similar conditions as they would perform in a spatial application. Our results show systematic model errors in all the three cases, model performance varies with time of the day, and the errors show a pronounced seasonal pattern as well. The introduction of soil moisture content stress in the model improved model performance regarding the magnitude of fluxes, but the correlation between measured and modeled ozone deposition values remains low. Our results suggest that ozone dry deposition model results should be interpreted carefully in large scale applications, where the accuracy can vary with land cover sometimes are biased.
Data Mining Approaches for Geo-Spatial Big Data (2012)

The availability of a vast amount of heterogeneous information from a variety of sources ranging from satellite imagery to the Internet has been termed as the problem of Big Data. Currently there is a great emphasis on the huge amount of geophysical data that has a spatial basis or spatial aspects. To effectively utilize such volumes of data, data mining techniques are needed to manage discovery from such volumes of data. An important consideration for this sort of data mining is to extend techniques to manage the inherent uncertainty involved in such spatial data. In this paper the authors first provide overviews of uncertainty representations based on fuzzy, intuitionistic, and rough sets theory and data mining techniques. To illustrate the issues they focus on the application of the discovery of association rules in approaches for vague spatial data. The extensions of association rule extraction for uncertain data as represented by rough and fuzzy sets are described. Finally an example of rule extraction for both fuzzy and rough set types of uncertainty representations is given
ChemInform Abstract: N‐ACYLHEMIAMINALS OF GLYOXYLIC ACID AND THEIR USE IN SYNTHESIS (1978)

Abstract Reaktion von Glyoxylsäure (I) mit den Amiden (IIa)‐(IIc) bzw. dem Carbamat (IId) liefert die N‐Acyl‐hemiaminale (III), die in saurem Medium elektrophile Substitutionsreaktionen eingehen, z.B. mit den Nitrilen (IV) ( ‐ Bildung der Bisamido‐Verbindungen (V)) oder mit Arenen wie z.B. (VI) (‐ Bildung der N‐Acylglycine (VII)).
A Noninvasive Test for MicroRNA Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2018)

Oral brushing could be proposed as a noninvasive method to study microRNA expression in oral mucosa in OSCC patients.
The Text of the Homeric Hymns (1898)

This Hymn, whether from the simplicity of its narrative or from accident, presents fewer textual difficulties than any of the four larger compositions. Serious corruptions there are none, and the notes it is necessary to write are occasioned rather by the misplaced activity of critics than by real obscurities in the tradition. Literature since 1886 is confined to the contributions of A.' Ludwich, Rheinisches Museum 1888, p. 566, and R. Peppmüller, Philologus 1889 p. 13 sqq. Accounts of the Goddess (which however do not bear materially on the Hymn) are given by Roscher in the first volume of his Lexicon, Tümpel in the new Pauly-Wissowa , vol. 1, and by Mr. Farnell, Cults of Greek States , vol. 2.
[Site-directed mutagenesis and effects on the enzymatic properties of subtilisin E]. (2000)

Site-directed mutagenesis was used to investigate the effects of S221C/P225A, N118S/S221C/P225A, D60N/N118S/S221C/P225A and Q103R/N118S/S221C/P225A mutations on the properties of Subtilisin E. It was found that S221C/P225A mutant is 73,000-fold decreased in amidase activity than subtilisin E and 3-fold increased than subtiligase in the ratio of esterase/amidase; N118S/S221C/P225A mutant has 3.6-fold and 15-fold decreased in amidase and esterase activity respectively and as a result, it has a 4-fold lower in the ratio of amidase/esterase than S221C/P225A mutant; Although it has no effect on the esterase activity, D60N/N118S/S221C/P225A mutant enhanced its ratio of amidase/esterase by 15 fold, 3.3-fold and 10.3 fold compared to N118S/S221C/P225A mutant, S221C/P225A mutant and subtiligase respectively; Q103R/N118S/S221C/P225A mutant, however, has a 5-fold enhanced in the amidase activity and 55-fold and 1000-fold decrease in the esterase activity and the ratio of esterase/amidase compared to N118S/S221C/P225A.
LUAS SPEEDS UP TRAVEL IN DUBLIN (2004)

The Dublin Light Rail (Luas) project in Ireland involved the construction of lines linking the city centre to the new town of Tallaght (line A) and to Sandyford (Line B) and a line connecting Lines A and B to Connolly main line rail station (Line C). The design requirements for the Luas project included durability, trackwork stiffness, light rail services, undertrack trench provision, track structures above to support a 12 tonne axle load, standard track gauge, and an electrical stray current collection system. The track design solutions of ballasted track for areas where the light rail system is well separated from public areas, continuous track slab for areas of segregated running and embedded track slab in areas of shared running are described. Other track slab systems that were trialled but not carried forward into the main part of the project were unreinforced jointed track slab and reinforced jointed track slab.
Publisher's Note: Structurally frustrated relaxor ferroelectric behavior inCaCu3Ti4O12[Phys. Rev. B72, 134104 (2005)] (2005)

Received 2 November 2005DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.179901©2005 American Physical Society
Asymmetric Syntheses of Oxindole and Indole Spirocyclic Alkaloid Natural Products (2009)

This review highlights the advances in the literature up to May 2009 in the synthesis of spirocyclic indoline natural products. The focus is on formation of the spirocyclic chiral center, including both enantioselective and diastereoselective methods. This review is split into two main sections, the first consisting of the formation of spirooxindoles and their application towards oxindole alkaloids, and the second covering asymmetric synthesis of spiroindoline natural products.
TagDust—a program to eliminate artifacts from next generation sequencing data (2009)

timolassmann@gmail.com.
Bottom-k sketches (2007)

A Bottom-k sketch is a summary of a set of items with nonnegative weights. Each such summary allows us to compute approximate aggregates over the set of items. Bottom-k sketches are obtained by associating with each item in a ground set an independent random rank drawn from a probability distribution that depends on the weight of the item. For each subset of interest, the bottom-k sketch is the set of the k minimum ranked items and their ranks. Bottom-k sketches have numerous applications. We develop and analyze data structures and estimators for bottom-k sketches to facilitate their deployment. We develop novel estimators and algorithms that show that they are a superior alternative to other sketching methods in both efficiency of obtaining the sketches and the accuracy of the estimates derived from the sketches.