gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
USING TENSORFLOW TO DESIGN ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR PEOPLE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS (2017)

TensorFlow is an open source deep learning framework developed at Google that enables developers to conceive a wide variety of applications based on artificial intelligence principles. In this paper, we employ such software resources towards the development of a computer vision system for people with visual impairments. We propose a wearable assistive technology solution consisting of a single board computer connected to a camera mounted on the user's glasses. A TensorFlow based software runs on the board in order to real time classify the images captured by the camera, while a text to speech process vocalizes the still's content for the blind person. In this way, the system provides an audio description of the objects in the user's surrounding environment and it may help these people to better detect the things around them.
Purine Based Combinatorial Chemistry: Solution Phase Simultaneous Addition of Functionalities. Iterative Deconvolution by Orthogonal Protection to a Single Compound with Potent Antibacterial Activity (1999)

Abstract We have recently described a method to prepare combinatorial chemistry libraries by solution phase simultaneous addition of functionalities (SPSAF).1–2 SPSAF has been used to create libraries based on the purine heterocycle. The nucleophilic sites (secondary nitrogens) in the planer heteroaromatic purine scaffold were built in via linkers. Thus, to continue the use of electophilic functionalities, as in previous libraries, a bifunctional nucleophilic linker was required. Piperazines readily served this purpose. Nucleophilic displacement of the chloro groups on 2,6-dichloropurine with piperazines provides reactive, constrained secondary amines for combinatorialization (Figure 1, 1). An additional piperazine was placed in the 9-position by alkylation of 2,6-dipiperazinylpurine. In this manner, the functionality that differentiates each pool (sublibrary) could be placed last in the synthetic scheme (fix last concept).1
Technical Potential for Peak Load Management Programs in New Jersey (2002)

Restructuring is attempting to bring the economic efficiency of competitive markets to the electric power industry. To at least some extent it is succeeding. New generation is being built in most areas of the country reversing the decades-long trend of declining reserve margins. Competition among generators is typically robust, holding down wholesale energy prices. Generators have shown that they are very responsive to price signals in both the short and long term. But a market that is responsive only on the supply side is only half a market. Demand response (elasticity) is necessary to gain the full economic advantages that restructuring can offer. Electricity is a form of energy that is difficult to store economically in large quantities. However, loads often have some ability to (1) conveniently store thermal energy and (2) defer electricity consumption. These inherent storage and control capabilities can be exploited to help reduce peak electric system consumption. In some cases they can also be used to provide system reliability reserves. Fortunately too, technology is helping. Advances in communications and control technologies are making it possible for loads ranging from residential through commercial and industrial to respond to economic signals. When we buy bananas, we don't simply take a dozen and wait a month to find out what the price was. We always ask about the price before we decide how many bananas we want. Technology is beginning to allow at least some customers to think about their electricity consumption the same way they think about most of their other purchases. And power system operators and regulators are beginning to understand that customers need to remain in control of their own destinies. Many customers (residential through industrial) are willing to respond to price signals. Most customers are not able to commit to specific responses months or years in advance. Electricity is a fluid market commodity with a volatile value to both producers and consumers. Fortunately too, only a percentage of loads need to respond elastically for all customers to benefit. This report explores mechanisms to reduce, when necessary, the peak load in New Jersey's electricity market. It examines load pricing and technical load reduction programs used in recent years in New Jersey and discuss how they can be made more effective in controlling summer peaks and attendant high prices of electricity. Particular attention is given to load curtailment programs now in place and utility opinions relating to them.
Lights Out Operations of a Space,Ground, Sensorweb (2008)

We have been operating an autonomous, integrated sensorweb linking numerous space and ground sensors in 24/7 operations since 2004. This sensorweb includes elements of space data acquisition (MODIS, GOES, and EO-1), space asset retasking (EO-1), integration of data acquired from ground sensor networks with on-demand ground processing of data into science products. These assets are being integrated using web service standards from the Open Geospatial Consortium. Future plans include extension to fixed and mobile surface and subsurface sea assets as part of the NSF's ORION Program.
Dynamic range requirements for microcellular personal communication systems using analog fiber-optic links (1997)

Fiber infrastructures in future personal communication systems (PCSs) must minimize remote antenna size and cost, and facilitate system maintenance and upgradeability. These goals can be met by a centralized PCS infrastructure using analog fiber-optic links. It is essential that the relationship between optical-link quality in terms of spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) and PCS quality of service be accurately quantified so that optical device and other infrastructure design requirements can be determined. This paper presents a comprehensive wireless/optical simulation model which combines wireless system characteristics (such as fading, cochannel interference, diversity, and power control) with the noise and nonlinearities of fiber-optic links. Results of the simulation indicate that representative SFDR requirements for fiber infrastructures in PCS systems are in the 72-83 dB/spl middot/Hz/sup 2/3/ range. The impact of varying environmental characteristics as quantified by distance loss and shadowing variance is between 7-10 dB. A larger distance loss or lower shadowing variance result in lower SFDR requirements. The required automatic gain control (AGC) accuracy decreases as the SFDR increases. These results indicate that either distributed feedback (DFB) or Fabry-Perot (FP) semiconductor laser diodes can be used in the implementation of PCS infrastructures.
A proposal for an evaluation set selection method for corpus-based speech translation (2004)

The use of large-scale corpora in speech translation technology has not only brought us closer to a plateau of high-level speech translation capability within limited domains but also has broadened the scope of corpus gathering and helped to validate wider domain applications as well. At the same time, the efficient evaluation of speech translation systems has become an important issue. In this article, the authors propose a method of selecting a valid evaluation set based on error reduction of the translation paired comparison and discuss their experimental findings. The experimental results show how this method can be used to select a much smaller evaluation set from a large one. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 36(1): 1–11, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20133
14-Deacetylajadine, a New Alkaloid from Consolida ambigua (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT14-Deacetylajadine, a New Alkaloid from Consolida ambiguaPalaniappan Kulanthaivel, Haridutt K. Desai, and S. William PelletierCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1989, 52, 1, 143–144Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50061a018https://doi.org/10.1021/np50061a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hyper-induction of cytokines by avian influenza A (H5N1): The role of signaling pathways and Toll-like receptors (B131) (2007)

Abstract Avian influenza virus A/HK/483/97 (H5N1) is associated with unusually severe human disease. H5N1 viruses hyper-induce pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α] and interferon beta [IFN-β]) and macrophage-tropic chemokines from primary human macrophages in vitro and this is paralleled by elevated levels of these cytokines in patients sera. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms underlying this H5N1 induced differential hyper-induction of cytokines. Unlike H1N1, H5N1 virus strongly activated interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). siRNA mediated gene silencing of IRF3 led to a dramatic reduction of the gene expression of IFN-β in H5N1-infected cells but only a partial decrease in TNF-α gene expression. Thus the differential activation of IRF3 may explain the hyper-induction of IFN-β, but does not fully explain the hyper-induction of TNF-α. Similarly, gene silencing of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) did not completely abrogate the TNF-α response. The significance of these findings in the pathogenesis of human H5N1 disease will be discussed.
Reductive tetrachloroethene dehalogenation in the presence of oxygen by Sulfurospirillum multivorans: physiological studies and proteome analysis (2017)

Reductive dehalogenation of organohalides is carried out by organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) in anoxic environments. The tetrachloroethene (PCE)-respiring Epsilonproteobacterium Sulfurospirillum multivorans is one of few OHRB able to respire oxygen. Therefore, we investigated the organism's capacity to dehalogenate PCE in the presence of oxygen, which would broaden the applicability to use S. multivorans, unlike other commonly oxygen-sensitive OHRB, for bioremediation, e.g. at oxic/anoxic interphases. Additionally, this has an impact on our understanding of the global halogen cycle. Sulfurospirillum multivorans performs dehalogenation of PCE to cis-1,2-dichloroethene at oxygen concentrations below 0.19 mg/L. The redox potential of the medium electrochemically adjusted up to +400 mV had no influence on reductive dehalogenation by S. multivorans in our experiments, suggesting that higher levels of oxygen impair PCE dechlorination by inhibiting or inactivating involved enzymes. The PCE reductive dehalogenase remained active in cell extracts of S. multivorans exposed to 0.37 mg/L oxygen for more than 96 h. Analysis of the proteome revealed that superoxide reductase and cytochrome peroxidase amounts increased with 5% oxygen in the gas phase, while the response to atmospheric oxygen concentrations involved catalase and hydrogen peroxide reductase. Taken together, our results demonstrate that reductive dehalogenation by OHRB is not limited to anoxic conditions.
Involvement of Ferredoxin in Desaturation of Lipid-Bound Oleate in Chloroplasts (1990)

Intact spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts, pulse-labeled with [(14)C]acetate, desaturate newly formed fatty acids as ester groups of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol in a subsequent chase in the dark. Rupture of pulse-labeled chloroplasts by addition of a detergent solution 3-([3-cholamidopropyl]dimethylammonio)-1-propane sulfonate preserves part of this desaturation activity. Direct addition of different free fatty acids together with appropriate cofactors to detergent-ruptured chloroplasts results in fatty acid labeling of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol. During subsequent incubation these lipid-linked fatty acids are desaturated, i.e. 18:1 to 18:2 and 18:3 and to a small extent also 16:0 to 16:3. The formation of 18:2 was also observed after incorporation of 18:1 into sulfolipid and phosphatidyl choline. Density gradient centrifugation separated a membrane fraction from detergent-ruptured chloroplasts which in the presence of appropriate cofactors incorporated 18:1 and 18:2 into the above-mentioned lipids. In the light, desaturation was dependent on added ferredoxin, whereas in the dark, in addition to ferredoxin NAD(P)H was also required. Preliminary evidence for the involvement of membrane-bound ferredoxin:NADP oxidoreductase (FNR) as a third component of desaturation in the dark was obtained by inhibitor studies including antibodies against FNR. Desaturation of lipid-bound 18:1 and 18:2 resembles stearoyl-ACP desaturation with respect to its requirement of reduced ferredoxin and oxygen.
Osteopontin stimulates a subpopulation of quiescent human prostate epithelial cells with high proliferative potential to divide in vitro (1998)

Integrin-mediated OPN/PR interaction stimulates proliferation of a quiescent subpopulation of prostate epithelial cells with high proliferative potential, possibly stem cells.
TROUBLE ON OILED WATERS: Lessons from theExxon ValdezOil Spill (1996)

▪ Abstract The Exxon Valdez oil spill was the largest in US maritime history. We review post-spill research and set it in its legal context. The Exxon Corporation, obviously responsible for the spill, focused on restoration, whereas the Trustees, a coalition of state and federal entities, focused on damage and its assessment. Despite billions of dollars expended, little new understanding was gained about the recovery dynamics of a high latitude marine ecosystem subject to an anthropogenic pulse perturbation. We discuss a variety of case studies that highlight the limitations to and shortcomings of the research effort. Given that more spills are inevitable, we recommend that future studies address spatial patterns in the intertidal, and focus on the abundances of long-lived species and on organisms that preserve a chronological record of growth. Oil spills, while tragic, represent opportunities to gain insight into the dynamics of marine ecosystems and should not be wasted.
E_6 diffraction catastrophe of the primary rainbow of oblate water drops: observations with white-light and laser illumination (1994)

Oblate drops of water illuminated perpendicular to their symmetry axis exhibit catastrophe patterns near the primary-rainbow scattering angle. Previous patterns include the hyperbolic umbilic focal section and separate lips events [see, e.g., H. J. Simpson and P. L. Marston, Appl. Opt. 30, 3468 (1991)]. The present observations concern a much higher-order singularity analyzed by J. F. Nye [Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 438, 397 (1992)], the E(6) or symbolic umbilic, in the scattering by levitated drops with monochromatic and collimated white-light illumination. Photographs show the colors produced when the drop is illuminated by white light. The E(6) occurs when the Gaussian curvature of the scattered wave front vanishes in both principal directions, resulting in a high degree of directional focusing. This type of focusing, although only slightly explored, is applicable to the more general problem of scattering from penetrable spheroids.
Effective human-computer cooperative spoken dialogue: the AGS demonstrator (2002)

We describe a spoken dialogue system based on a generic specification of a cooperative communicating rational agent. We present some theoretical and practical aspects of the overall approach, along with the speech-specific and natural language related issues raised by the effective implementation of the system. An account is also given of an evaluation of the system with naive users on the task of voice services directory (AGS) inquiry.
Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Patients with Cardiac Pacemaker (2000)

The prevalence of SDB in cardiac pacemaker patients is similar to that in patients of comparable age without a pacemaker. A heart rhythm disturbance does not seem to be an independent risk factor for development of SDB. Nevertheless, the differential diagnosis of bradycardic rhythm disturbances in this age group should include a screening for sleep apnea.
Multigene Assessment of the Species Boundaries and Sexual Status of the Basidiomycetous Yeasts Cryptococcus flavescens and C. terrestris (Tremellales) (2015)

Cryptococcus flavescens and C. terrestris are phenotypically indistinguishable sister species that belong to the order Tremellales (Tremellomycetes, Basidiomycota) and which may be mistaken for C. laurentii based on phenotype. Phylogenetic separation between C. flavescens and C. terrestris was based on rDNA sequence analyses, but very little is known on their intraspecific genetic variability or propensity for sexual reproduction. We studied 59 strains from different substrates and geographic locations, and used a multilocus sequencing (MLS) approach complemented with the sequencing of mating type (MAT) genes to assess genetic variation and reexamine the boundaries of the two species, as well as their sexual status. The following five loci were chosen for MLS: the rDNA ITS-LSU region, the rDNA IGS1 spacer, and fragments of the genes encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1) and the p21-activated protein kinase (STE20). Phylogenetic network analyses confirmed the genetic separation of the two species and revealed two additional cryptic species, for which the names Cryptococcus baii and C. ruineniae are proposed. Further analyses of the data revealed a high degree of genetic heterogeneity within C. flavescens as well as evidence for recombination between lineages detected for this species. Strains of C. terrestris displayed higher levels of similarity in all analysed genes and appear to make up a single recombining group. The two MAT genes (STE3 and SXI1/SXI2) sequenced for C. flavescens strains confirmed the potential for sexual reproduction and suggest the presence of a tetrapolar mating system with a biallelic pheromone/receptor locus and a multiallelic HD locus. In C. terrestris we could only sequence STE3, which revealed a biallelic P/R locus. In spite of the strong evidence for sexual recombination in the two species, attempts at mating compatible strains of both species on culture media were unsuccessful.
CD163+CD204+ tumor-associated macrophages contribute to T cell regulation via interleukin-10 and PD-L1 production in oral squamous cell carcinoma (2017)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by producing various mediators. Although preclinical studies demonstrated that TAMs preferentially express CD163 and CD204, the TAM subsets in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. In this study, we examined the expression and role of TAM subsets in OSCC. Forty-six patients with OSCC were analyzed for expression of TAMs in biopsy samples by immunohistochemistry. We examined TAM subsets and their production of immune suppressive molecules (IL-10 and PD-L1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three OSCC patients by flow cytometry. CD163 was detected around the tumor or connective tissue, while CD204 was detected in/around the tumors. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that CD163<sup>+</sup>CD204<sup>+</sup> TAMs strongly produced IL-10 and PD-L1 in comparison with CD163<sup>+</sup>CD204<sup>-</sup> and CD163<sup>-</sup>CD204<sup>+</sup> TAMs. Furthermore, the number of activated CD3<sup>+</sup> T cells after co-culture with CD163<sup>+</sup>CD204<sup>+</sup> TAMs was significantly lower than that after co-culture with other TAM subsets. In clinical findings, the number of CD163<sup>+</sup>CD204<sup>+</sup> TAMs was negatively correlated with that of CD25<sup>+</sup> cells and 5-year progression-free survival. These results suggest that CD163<sup>+</sup>CD204<sup>+</sup> TAMs possibly play a key role in the invasion and metastasis of OSCC by T-cell regulation via IL-10 and PD-L1 production.
Three-Column Osteotomy in Adult Spinal Deformity (2022)

Therapeutic Level III . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Human tubal fluid: production, nutrient composition and response to adrenergic agents (1997)

Vascularly perfused Fallopian tubes have been used to study the formation and composition of human tubal fluid and the response to adrenergic agents. An artery serving the tube was cannulated and perfused with Medium 199 supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and antibiotics. A second cannula was attached to the fimbriated end for native tubal fluid collection. The preparation was viable for up to 2 h. Tubal fluid was only obtained in tubes removed in the proliferative and early secretory phases of the ovarian cycle. Isoproterenol (1 mM) added to the perfusate stimulated fluid production, whereas dibutyryl cyclic AMP (1 mM) reduced fluid formation by 66%. Glucose, pyruvate and lactate concentrations in tubal fluid, measured by microfluorescence assays, were 1.11, 0.14 and 5.4 mM respectively. The concentrations of 17 amino acids in tubal fluid were measured by high performance liquid chromatography following fluorescence derivatization. Arginine (0.19 mM) > alanine (0.11 mM) > glutamate (0.09 mM) were present in highest concentration in all phases of the cycle. All 17 amino acid concentrations in tubal fluid were below those in the vascular perfusate. These data provides the basis for a culture medium whose composition mimics the physiological environment to which early human embryos are exposed.
IntFOLD: an integrated server for modelling protein structures and functions from amino acid sequences: Figure 1. (2015)

IntFOLD is an independent web server that integrates our leading methods for structure and function prediction. The server provides a simple unified interface that aims to make complex protein modelling data more accessible to life scientists. The server web interface is designed to be intuitive and integrates a complex set of quantitative data, so that 3D modelling results can be viewed on a single page and interpreted by non-expert modellers at a glance. The only required input to the server is an amino acid sequence for the target protein. Here we describe major performance and user interface updates to the server, which comprises an integrated pipeline of methods for: tertiary structure prediction, global and local 3D model quality assessment, disorder prediction, structural domain prediction, function prediction and modelling of protein-ligand interactions. The server has been independently validated during numerous CASP (Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction) experiments, as well as being continuously evaluated by the CAMEO (Continuous Automated Model Evaluation) project. The IntFOLD server is available at: http://www.reading.ac.uk/bioinf/IntFOLD/.