gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING A NEW PROCESS TO AGGLOMERATE SECONDARY RAW MATERIAL FINES FOR RECYCLING IN THE ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE – THE FINES2EAF PROJECT (2018)

Recent years have seen a worldwide change in the environmental policy towards circular economy approaches. It is estimated that steel-making activities in Europe produce about 80 million tonnes annually of by-products and waste, equivalent to half of the European steel production, of which more than 10 million tonnes is waste for disposal. This waste of resources and land area is not sustainable and has to be decreased in the future. The Fines2EAF project aims to increase the value of steelmaking residues by internal recycling and (re)use in the form of agglomerates. The benefit of this strategy is threefold: improved utilization of residues, internal recovery of valuable materials and reduction of the amount of dumped materials. The approach followed is the development of an innovative process to produce cement -free agglomerates based on primary and secondary raw material fines, alternative binder systems and a hydraulic stamp press. In addition, a new pre-treatment process for fines based on microwave heating is investigated. The first results of the lab-scale investigation of the fines pre-treatment to reduce the amount of zinc, volatiles and alkalis are presented. Six materials from two steel plants have been tested in a laboratory microwave furnace. Also presented are first results of the agglomeration of fines using a laboratory press.
334 RETINAL VASCULAR ABNORMALITIES IN PERSONS WITH SUSPECT AND TRUE HYPERTENSION (2012)

Objective: Hypertensive retinopathy is a sign of target organ damage (TOD) from chronically elevated blood pressure (BP). It is not known if these signs are present in patients with suspect hypertension. We compared the retinal vascular signs (including hypertensive retinopathy) in normotensive, suspect and true hypertensive individuals. Design and Methods: We recruited 20 suspect, 30 true hypertensive and 30 normotensive. All were age- and gender-matched. Suspect hypertension was defined as clinic BP≥140/90mmHg but average 24-hour ambulatory BP≤140/80mmHg. True hypertension had clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP≥140/90mmHg. Hypertensive retinopathy signs (e.g. cotton-wool spots) and retinal vascular caliber were assessed from fundus images. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 65 (9.4) years and 62.5% were female. There were greater proportions of suspect (150/92mmHg) and true hypertensive (147/90mmHg) people with retinopathy signs compared to normotensive (121/66mmHg) (25.0% and 20.7% vs. 3% respectively; P<0.01). After adjusting for smoking, dyslipidemia, and clinic BP, those with suspect (142 μm) and true hypertension (143 μm) also had narrower mean retinal arteriolar caliber than normotensive (171 μm; both P<0.01). No significant differences in retinal vascular abnormalities were found between suspect and true hypertensive. Conclusions: Persons with suspect hypertension had signs of TOD and retinal caliber changes similar to those with true hypertension. Retinal assessment may identify patients who do not meet hypertension criteria with 24-hour BP monitoring, but have similar risks of vascular diseases to true hypertensive. These findings, if confirmed in large studies, challenge the current management of suspect hypertension based on mean 24-hour BP.
Meaning versus measurement: why do ‘economic’ indicators of poverty still predominate? (2007)

It is virtually undisputed that poverty is multi-dimensional. However, ‘economic’ or monetary measures of poverty still maintain a higher status in key development indicators and policy. This article is concerned with the apparent contradiction between the consensus over the meaning of poverty and the choice of methods with which to measure poverty in practice. A brief history of the meaning and measurement of poverty is given, and it is argued that ‘economic’ determinism, while it has gradually retreated from centrality in the meaning of poverty, has continued to dominate the measurement of poverty. This is followed by a section that contrasts the relative merits of ‘economic’ and ‘non-economic’ measures of poverty. The question is posed: why do ‘economic’ measures of poverty still have a higher status than non-economic measures?
Upside and Downside of Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockers for Treatment of Immune/Inflammatory Diseases (2019)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, the most potent proinflammatory cytokine discovered to date, was first isolated in 1984 from human macrophage cells. Initially, it was thought to be a protein that was cytotoxic to tumor cells. But later, it was regarded as an agent that promotes inflammation and other chronic diseases found in humans. Currently, we know that the TNF superfamily (TNFS) has 19 members that perform a wide variety of functions via > 40 TNF receptors. Of TNFS members, TNF-α has been studied extensively and was found to be implicated in numerous autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and diabetes. Thus, agents that can inhibit TNF-α have great potential for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. To date, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved many TNF-α blockers, such as etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, and golimumab. These agents can block TNF-α actions and be used to treat different diseases. However, the uses of TNF-α blockers are not without serious adverse effects. Therefore, natural TNF-α blockers are best for developing safe, efficacious, and affordable agents for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. The current review details the TNFS, functions of TNF-α in normal and disease conditions, roles of TNF-α blockers, and advantages and disadvantages.
Learning orientation invariant contextual features for nodule detection in lung CT scans (2015)

This work combines model-based local shape analysis and data-driven local contextual feature learning for improved detection of pulmonary nodules in low dose computed tomography (LDCT) chest scans. We reduce orientation-induced appearance variability by performing intensity-weighted principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the local orientation at each candidate location. Random comparison primitives defined in a local coordinate system are used to describe the local context around a nodule candidate. A random forest is trained to learn and combine a subset of these primitives into discriminative orientation invariant contextual features and classify nodule candidates. Validation using 99 CT scans from the publicly available Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) demonstrates the benefit of combining geometric modeling and data-driven machine learning. The proposed method reduces more than 80% of false positives of the baseline model-based method consistently over a wide range of sensitivity levels (70%–90%).
Skeletal Rearrangement Reactions of Olefins, Paraffins, and Aromatics over Aluminophosphate-Based Molecular Sieve Catalysts (1988)

Medium pore aluminophosphate based molecular sieves with the -11, -31 and -41 crystal structures are active and selective catalysts for 1-hexene isomerization, hexane dehydrocyclization and C8 aromatic reactions. With olefin feeds, they promote isomerization with little loss to competing hydride transfer and cracking reactions. With C8 aromatics, they effectively catalyze xylene isomerization and ethylbenzene disproportionation at very low xylene loss. As acid components in bifunctional catalysts, they are selective for paraffin and cycloparaffin isomerization with low cracking activity. In these reactions the medium pore aluminophosphate based sieves are generally less active but significantly more selective than the medium pore zeolites. Similarity with medium pore zeolites is displayed by an outstanding resistance to coke induced deactivation and by a variety of shape selective actions in catalysis. The excellent selectivities observed with medium pore aluminophosphate based sieves is attributed to a unique combination of mild acidity and shape selectivity. Selectivity is also enhanced by the presence of transition metal framework constituents such as cobalt and manganese which may exert a chemical influence on reaction intermediates.
Interaction of the pyridoindole stobadine with alkoxyl and stable free radicals (1995)

Stobadine, a pyridoindole derivative which has been synthesized in search of new antiarrhytmic drugs, was able to interact with alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(.)) a stable free radical. Its scavenging potential was in the same order of magnitude as that of well known strong antioxidants. The scavenging effect of antioxidants tested increased in the order: stobadine, ascorbic acid, trolox, cysteine. Stobadine exerted a scavenging effect also towards alkoxyl radicals in a nonpolar solvent in the canthaxantin bleaching test. In this test stobadine was more effective than trolox.
Ordering, metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems (1973)

A new definition of order called topological order is proposed for two-dimensional systems in which no long-range order of the conventional type exists. The possibility of a phase transition characterized by a change in the response of the system to an external perturbation is discussed in the context of a mean field type of approximation. The critical behaviour found in this model displays very weak singularities. The application of these ideas to the xy model of magnetism, the solid-liquid transition, and the neutral superfluid are discussed. This type of phase transition cannot occur in a superconductor nor in a Heisenberg ferromagnet.
Daily functioning in glioma survivors: associations with cognitive function, psychological factors and quality of life (2022)

<b>Aim:</b> Understanding and supporting quality of life (QoL) and daily functioning in glioma patients is a clinical imperative. In this study, we examined the relationship between cognition, psychological factors, measures of health-related QoL and functioning in glioma survivors. <b>Materials & methods:</b> We examined neuropsychological, self-reported cognition, mood and QoL correlates of work and non-work-related daily functioning in 23 glioma survivors, and carried out linear models of the best predictors. <b>Results & conclusion:</b> A total of 13/23 participants were working at the time of enrollment. The best model for worse work-related functioning (R<sup>2</sup> = .83) included worse self-reported cognitive function, depression, loneliness and brain tumor symptoms. The best model for worse non-work-related functioning (R<sup>2</sup> = .61) included worse self-reported cognitive functioning, anxiety, sleep disturbance and physical functioning. Neuropsychological variables were not among the most highly correlated with function. Worse cognitive, particularly self-reported and psychosocial outcomes may compromise optimal functioning in glioma survivors.
Adaptive OFDM Modulation for Underwater Acoustic Communications: Design Considerations and Experimental Results (2013)

In this paper, we explore design aspects of adaptive modulation based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) for underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, and study its performance using real-time at-sea experiments. Our design criterion is to maximize the system throughput under a target average bit error rate (BER). We consider two different schemes based on the level of adaptivity: in the first scheme, only the modulation levels are adjusted while the power is allocated uniformly across the subcarriers, whereas in the second scheme, both the modulation levels and the power are adjusted adaptively. For both schemes we linearly predict the channel one travel time ahead so as to improve the performance in the presence of a long propagation delay. The system design assumes a feedback link from the receiver that is exploited in two forms: one that conveys the modulation alphabet and quantized power levels to be used for each subcarrier, and the other that conveys a quantized estimate of the sparse channel impulse response. The second approach is shown to be advantageous, as it requires significantly fewer feedback bits for the same system throughput. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive schemes is demonstrated using computer simulations, real channel measurements recorded in shallow water off the western coast of Kauai, HI, USA, in June 2008, and real-time at-sea experiments conducted at the same location in July 2011. We note that this is the first paper that presents adaptive modulation results for UWA links with real-time at-sea experiments.
Comparing the influence of color spaces and metrics in content-based image retrieval (2002)

Visual information retrieval systems have been developed from the necessity of searching and recovering data in libraries with million of daily produced digital images. In image retrieval based on their color content, the distance between color histograms defines usually the matching degree. Results of an image querying depend, at least, on the following features: the underlying color space, the number of histogram bins, and the metric used for histogram matching. Several systems have been designed for image retrieval. Comparison among them is not feasible because they use completely different implementation aspects. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of color spaces and metrics on the performances of recovering by color similarity based on color histograms. A system that performs queries through the Internet and allows one to combine metrics and color spaces is implemented. We design a database with groups of perceptually similar color image, with parameters to measure the performance among combined approaches, and with a user-consult simulator. This leads to a process of establishing the influence of spaces and metrics which evaluate the better combination on retrieval.
TD-3 System: Active Solid-State Devices (1968)

This paper describes the electrical and physical characteristics of 20 new solid-state devices developed for TD-3. Among them are new high-frequency planar, epitaxial, NPN silicon transistors which are used in intermediate-frequency amplifiers and in the FM deviator. The microwave power for the transmitter and receiver is supplied from a three-stage varactor multiplier chain which uses three new epitaxial silicon varactor diodes. A high-quality epitaxial silicon varactor diode pair is the up-converter in the transmitter modulator. A new epitaxial gallium arsenide Schottky barrier mixer diode assures a low noise figure for the receiver modulator. Two point-contact silicon IF and RF monitor diodes were developed using the same miniature package in which the transmitter modulator and receiver modulator diodes are encapsulated. Two very stable diffused silicon diodes provide a stable output from the FM deviator; in-process preaging at accelerated conditions is used to assure satisfactory stability. Two new epitaxial silicon Schottky barrier diodes are used in the IF amplifier-limiter and discriminator circuits, which require a nonlinear resistance with negligible capacitance and recovery time. Stringent voltage breakdown, corona and mounting requirements for the high voltage power supply rectifiers were satisfied by molding two high-voltage diode rectifier assemblies in a high-dielectric plastic. The need for a pure variable resistance in the IF variolosser was satisfied by the development of a new silicon PIN diode.
Quantum metrology with a transmon qutrit (2018)

Making use of coherence and entanglement as metrological quantum resources allows us to improve the measurement precision from the shot-noise or quantum limit to the Heisenberg limit. Quantum metrology then relies on the availability of quantum engineered systems that involve controllable quantum degrees of freedom which are sensitive to the measured quantity. Sensors operating in the qubit mode and exploiting their coherence in a phase-sensitive measurement have been shown to approach the Heisenberg scaling in precision. Here, we show that this result can be further improved by operating the quantum sensor in the qudit mode, i.e., by exploiting $d$ rather than two levels. Specifically, we describe the metrological algorithm for using a superconducting transmon device operating in a qutrit mode as a magnetometer. The algorithm is based on the base-3 semiquantum Fourier transformation and enhances the quantum theoretical performance of the sensor by a factor of 2. Even more, the practical gain of our qutrit implementation is found in a reduction of the number of iteration steps of the quantum Fourier transformation by the factor $ln(2)/ln(3)\ensuremath{\approx}0.63$ compared to the qubit mode. We show that a two-tone capacitively coupled radio-frequency signal is sufficient for implementation of the algorithm.
Spontaneous Periodic and Chaotic Beam Scanning in Semiconductor Laser Arrays (1990)

A breakdown of phase-locking in an array of coupled semiconductor lasers leads to periodic and chaotic steering of the far-field beam position.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Michael Addition Reactions of Methyl‐3‐aryl‐2‐(Z‐styrylsulfonyl)acrylate. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Segmental Grafts in Adult and Pediatric Liver Transplantation (2013)

Use of segmental allografts is essential to offer timely transplantation and decrease waiting list mortality. Living donor liver transplants and segmental grafts from deceased donors are complementary. It is possible to have excellent outcomes combining a multidisciplinary team approach, technical expertise, routine use of anticoagulation, and strict patient and donor selection.
Programming Development Life Cycle: A Comparative Study (2016)

In the field of software system development, software development lifecycle is that the most vital part. There is a variety of software system development methodologies used in software system business nowadays. The paper mentioned below focuses on the trendy SDLC that are ancient strategies and the agile strategies. It conjointly explains the compensation and shortcomings of the normal additionally as agile strategies. Along with this, it suggests some enhancements that could facilitate in up current agile development. Cite this Article: Satya Sree, Hema Priya. Programming Development Life Cycle: A Comparative Study. Recent Trends in Programming Languages. 2015; 2(1): 19–22p.
Topological consistency via kernel estimation (2016)

We introduce a consistent estimator for the homology (an algebraic structure representing connected components and cycles) of level sets of both density and regression functions. Our method is based on kernel estimation. We apply this procedure to two problems: (1) inferring the homology structure of manifolds from noisy observations, (2) inferring the persistent homology (a multi-scale extension of homology) of either density or regression functions. We prove consistency for both of these problems. In addition to the theoretical results, we demonstrate these methods on simulated data for binary regression and clustering applications.
An expanded horizon (2000)

Revolutionary expandable tubulars and connectors will change the basic design and construction of oil and gas wells. With these innovations, operators can reach reservoirs that are economically inaccessible with conventional technology. The paper describes the development of the expandable connection, unique design challenges, manufacturing processes, and results of field tests.
Androstenedione Interferes in Luteal Regression by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Stimulating Progesterone Production1 (2002)

Androgens, in concert with lactogenic hormones, contribute to the maintenance of function of the corpus luteum (CL) in pregnant rats. Whereas some of the androgenic actions in the CL are clearly mediated by intracrine conversion to estrogen, pure androgenic effects are also implicated in the regulation of this transient endocrine gland. In this report, we have established, to our knowledge for the first time, the expression of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein throughout gestation in the rat CL. We have found that the AR remains expressed in the CL of gestation on Day 4 postpartum and becomes expressed in the newly formed CL after postpartum ovulation. An AR immunoreactive protein was identified in the CL of pregnancy as well as in prostate and epididymis, which were used as positive controls. The luteal AR protein had mainly nuclear localization, yet some diffuse cytoplasmic staining was also observed. Moreover, we have established that androstenedione, the main circulating androgen in pregnant rats, significantly reduces the decline in luteal weight observed during postpartum structural regression. This effect was correlated with a decrease in the number of cells undergoing apoptosis and with enhanced levels of circulating progesterone. In addition, in vivo administration of androstenedione delayed the occurrence of DNA fragmentation in postpartum CL incubated in serum-free conditions. Finally, we have shown that the interference with apoptosis in vitro elicited by androstenedione is accompanied by an increased capacity of the CL to secrete progesterone. In summary, the results of this study have established that the rat CL expresses AR throughout pregnancy and after parturition, and they have defined a potential role for androstenedione in opposing postpartum luteal regression through inhibition of apoptosis and stimulation of progesterone production.
A comparison of communication techniques for capsule endoscopes (2011)

In this paper, we present the state of the art of communication technology related to the capsule endoscopes (CEs) and analyze the technologies and characteristics of commercialized CEs on the current global market. The study shows that the communication technology of human body communication (HBC) can reduce the power consumption and have a smaller size of CE compared to radio frequency (RF) communications technology, since the HBC doesn't use power consuming RF components and antenna.
Development of a diagnostic technique for civil structures based on the model update of dynamic parameters (2020)

Monitoring and diagnosis of civil structures has become a popular topic in the last years, especially through the use of non-invasive tests and techniques. Moreover, the spread of operational modal analysis, that exploit ambient excitations of structures to estimate their modal parameters, allowed to reduce the costs associated to the dynamic identification. In this paper, a technique for the diagnosis of common civil structures, such as residential buildings or warehouses, is presented in order to identify local stiffness decreases that can potentially be associated to structural failures. The technique has been tested on a real warehouse built in 1960 and the results have been analyzed demonstrating the effectiveness of the methodology.