gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large Scale Discovery and De Novo-Assisted Sequencing of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (CAMPs) by Microparticle Capture and Electron-Transfer Dissociation (ETD) Mass Spectrometry (2015)

The identification and sequencing of novel cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) have proven challenging due to the limitations associated with traditional proteomics methods and difficulties sequencing peptides present in complex biomolecular mixtures. We present here a process for large-scale identification and de novo-assisted sequencing of newly discovered CAMPs using microparticle capture followed by tandem mass spectrometry equipped with electron-transfer dissociation (ETD). This process was initially evaluated and verified using known CAMPs with varying physicochemical properties. The effective parameters were then applied in the analysis of a complex mixture of peptides harvested from American alligator plasma using custom-made (Bioprospector) functionalized hydrogel particles. Here, we report the successful sequencing process for CAMPs that has led to the identification of 340 unique peptides and the discovery of five novel CAMPs from American alligator plasma.
The Impact of Integrating Oral Health Education into a Medical Curriculum (2016)

In this study, the oral health education session contributed to an increase in student awareness and understanding of oral health. Considering the reported effectiveness of the interactive session on student comfort with performing a basic clinical examination, this model shows promise for further use in other institutions.
A Polymorphism in Toll‐Interleukin 1 Receptor Domain Containing Adaptor Protein Is Associated with Susceptibility to Meningeal Tuberculosis (2006)

These results provide the first evidence of an association of a TIRAP SNP with the risk of any disease and also suggest that the Toll-like receptor pathway influences susceptibility to meningeal and pulmonary TB by different immune mechanisms.
Ligand‐directed signalling within the opioid receptor family (2012)

The classic model of GPCR activation proposed that all agonists induce the same active receptor conformation. However, research over the last decade has shown that GPCRs exist in multiple conformations, and that agonists can stabilize different active states. The distinct receptor conformations induced by ligands result in distinct receptor-effector complexes, which produce varying levels of activation or inhibition of subsequent signalling cascades. This concept, referred to as ligand-directed signalling or biased agonism has important biological and therapeutic implications. Opioid receptors are G(i/o) GPCRs and regulate a number of important physiological functions, including pain, reward, mood, stress, gastrointestinal transport and respiration. A number of in vitro studies have shown biased agonism at the three opioid receptors (µ, δ and κ); however, in vivo consequences of this phenomenon have only recently been demonstrated. For the µ and δ opioid receptors, the majority of reported ligand selective behavioural effects are observed as differential adaptations to repeated drug administration. In terms of the κ opioid receptor, clear links between ligand-selective signalling events and specific in vivo responses have been recently characterized. Drugs for all three receptors are either already used or are being developed for clinical applications. There is clearly a need to better characterize the specific events that occur following agonist stimulation and how these relate to in vivo responses. This understanding could eventually lead to the development of tailor-made pharmacotherapies where advantageous drug effects can be selectively targeted over adverse effects.
The therapeutic promise of ATP antagonism at P2X3 receptors in respiratory and urological disorders (2013)

A sensory role for ATP was proposed long before general acceptance of its extracellular role. ATP activates and sensitizes signal transmission at multiple sites along the sensory axis, across multiple synapses. P2X and P2Y receptors mediate ATP modulation of sensory pathways and participate in dysregulation, where ATP action directly on primary afferent neurons (PANs), linking receptive field to CNS, has received much attention. Many PANs, especially C-fibers, are activated by ATP, via P2X3-containing trimers. P2X3 knock-out mice and knock-down in rats led to reduced nocifensive activity and visceral reflexes, suggesting that antagonism may offer benefit in sensory disorders. Recently, drug-like P2X3 antagonists, active in a many inflammatory and visceral pain models, have emerged. Significantly, these compounds have no overt CNS action and are inactive versus acute nociception. Selectively targeting ATP sensitization of PANs may lead to therapies that block inappropriate chronic signals at their source, decreasing drivers of peripheral and central wind-up, yet leaving defensive nociceptive and brain functions unperturbed. This article reviews this evidence, focusing on how ATP sensitization of PANs in visceral "hollow" organs primes them to chronic discomfort, irritation and pain (symptoms) as well as exacerbated autonomic reflexes (signs), and how the use of isolated organ-nerve preparations has revealed this mechanism. Urinary and airways systems share many features: dependence on continuous afferent traffic to brainstem centers to coordinate efferent autonomic outflow; loss of descending inhibitory influence in functional and sensory disorders; dependence on ATP in mediating sensory responses to diverse mechanical and chemical stimuli; a mechanistically overlapping array of existing medicines for pathological conditions. These similarities may also play out in terms of future treatment of signs and symptoms, in the potential for benefit of P2X3 antagonists.
PUTTING AUCTION THEORY TO WORK (2004)

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Scale-Bridging Analysis of Stress Partitioning in High Nitrogen Steel (2010)

To understand the reason of high work hardening in high nitrogen steel, a scale-bridging analysis consisting of in situ neutron diffraction, in situ electron backscattering diffraction measurement during tensile deformation and weak beam transmission electron microscopy was performed with particular attention to stress partitioning. This study demonstrates the contribution of stress partitioning, back stress due to dislocation pile-up at grain boundaries and dislocation interaction to work hardening at each strain level.
The nitroxide Tempol affords protection against ultraviolet radiation in a transgenic murine fibroblast culture model of cutaneous photoaging (2001)

The generation of reactive oxygen species is among the various mechanisms by which ultraviolet radiation damages skin. Tempol, a superoxide dismutase analogue which readily penetrates cell membranes when administered exogenously, has been shown to provide protection against some forms of oxygen-dependent damage. In this study, we measured the ability of Tempol to protect against ultraviolet A- and ultraviolet B-induced damage, using a previously described transgenic mouse model of cutaneous photoaging. The ability of Tempol to prevent ultraviolet radiation-induced elastin promoter activation was determined in vitro. Tempol provided over 50% protection against ultraviolet B and over 70% protection against ultraviolet A as measured in our in vitro system. These results demonstrate the ability of the superoxide dismutase mimic, Tempol, to protect against ultraviolet induced elastin promoter activation. This compound could be a useful pharmacological agent to prevent cutaneous photoaging.
Simultaneous optimization of enzyme activity and quaternary structure by directed evolution (2005)

Natural evolution has produced efficient enzymes of enormous structural diversity. We imitated this natural process in the laboratory to augment the efficiency of an engineered chorismate mutase with low activity and an unusual hexameric topology. By applying two rounds of DNA shuffling and genetic selection, we obtained a 400-fold more efficient enzyme, containing three non-active-site mutations. Detailed biophysical characterization of the evolved variant suggests that it exists predominantly as a trimer in solution, but is otherwise similarly stable as the parent hexamer. The dramatic structural and functional effects achieved by a small number of seemingly innocuous substitutions highlights the utility of directed evolution for modifying protein-protein interactions to produce novel quaternary states with optimized activities.
The relationship between the altered ventilatory response to hypercapnia and neurons from the locus coeruleus (LC), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) (2006)

We have found that during development, the ventilatory response to hypercapnia (high CO2) changes in a triphasic manner: a declining response from P1–P7, minimal response from P7–P10, and an increasing response from P10–P21. There is also an alteration in the ventilatory response to high CO2 in animals adapted to chronic hypercapnia (CH). CH was studied using two protocols in which animals were exposed to 7.5% CO2 starting either before birth (protocol 1 or Prot 1) or after birth (protocol 3 or Prot 3). It was found that the triphasic developmental response to high CO2 was either shifted to the right (Prot 1) or suppressed (Prot 3) in CH adapted animals. This altered ventilatory response could be due to a change in the properties of individual chemosensitive (CS) neurons. We studied CS neurons from the LC, NTS and RTN in control animals to see if there is a change in the response to high CO2 over development that mimics the change seen at the whole animal level. In neurons from all 3 areas, we found that chemosensitivity is fully developed at birth and did not change from P1–P21. In CH adapted animals, only NTS neurons were studied. It was found that adaptation to CH did not alter their CS response. In summary, we found that in two situations there is an altered ventilatory response to high CO2 that is not due to a change in the properties of individual CS neurons. We hypothesize that this altered ventilatory response may be due to a change in the network properties. [Supported by NIH grant R01 HL56883.]
A tumor-borne Angpt2/Tie2 autostimulatory loop controls tumorigenesis (2022)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
A Dynamic Model of Cross-Coupling Between Accommodation and Convergence: Simulations of Step and Frequency Responses (1992)

The near triad consists of an increase in accommodation, vergence, and pupillary constriction. All three motor systems exhibit phasic and tonic responses. The tonic response adapts readily to phasic efforts of accommodation and vergence. Cross-coupling between accommodation and vergence provides a means of dynamically adjusting the tonic set points of the two motor systems to a common near or far working distance. Accommodative vergence cross-links play a dominant role in coordinating proximal changes in accommodation and convergence. The magnitude of cross-link interactions can be modified by imbalanced strength of tonic adaptation by accommodation and vergence. Reducing adaptation of tonic accommodation increases the AC/A ratio and decreases the CA/C ratio. Reducing adaptation of tonic vergence has the opposite effect. A model is able to predict these and other interactions simply by reducing the decay time constant of one of the two motor systems. For example, reducing the time constant for tonic accommodation results in an increased AC/A ratio and decreased CA/C ratio. Reducing the time constant for tonic vergence has the opposite effect. The model predicts transient step responses by accommodative vergence when the AC/A ratio is low and transient step responses of vergence accommodation when the CA/C ratio is low. It also predicts a reciprocal relationship between the AC/A and CA/C ratios. When one cross-link ratio is high the other cross-link ratio is low. Simulated frequency responses predict the low frequency roll off of low AC/A and low CA/C ratios. The step and frequency responses of cross-link ratios are shown to be the same for proximal (perceived distance) and retinal (blur and disparity) stimuli. The model suggests that physiological variations of tonic decay time constants may play an important role in determining clinically abnormal values of AC/A and CA/C ratios.
Noninvasive monitoring of tissue hemoglobin using UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: a pilot study (2009)

We conducted a pilot study on 10 patients undergoing general surgery to test the feasibility of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the visible wavelength range as a noninvasive monitoring tool for blood loss during surgery. Ratios of raw diffuse reflectance at wavelength pairs were tested as a first-pass for estimating hemoglobin concentration. Ratios can be calculated easily and rapidly with limited post-processing, and so this can be considered a near real-time monitoring device. We found the best hemoglobin correlations were when ratios at isosbestic points of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin were used, specifically 529/500 nm. Baseline subtraction improved correlations, specifically at 520/509 nm. These results demonstrate proof-of-concept for the ability of this noninvasive device to monitor hemoglobin concentration changes due to surgical blood loss. The 529/500 nm ratio also appears to account for variations in probe pressure, as determined from measurements on two volunteers.
Perfectly matched layer truncation for parabolic wave equation models (2001)

Solutions of the parabolic wave equation are extended to complex values of the height variable. The fast decay of the solutions in certain directions of the complex plane is used to improve parabolic wave equation solvers: the solution is marched on a suitably chosen contour in the complex plane rather than on the real line. This interpretation of Bérenger's perfectly matched layer allows extremely efficient truncation of the computational domain with a split–step/Fourier algorithm. The theory is developed for both the wide–angle and narrow–angle parabolic wave equations, and numerical results are presented.
Correlated light beam induced current and infrared thermography mapping applied to the local characterization of large area multicrystalline solar cells (2002)

The aim of this paper is to use light-beam-induced current (LBIC) mapping and infrared thermography (IRT) associated with signal treatment processing to characterize large area solar cells. Samples used in this study are industrial 10 cm /spl times/10 cm multicrystalline silicon solar cells. In the LBIC experimental setup a laser diode (780 nm) is used in a modulated mode. The spot diameter and the depth of field of the incident beam are 20 /spl mu/m and 80 /spl mu/m respectively. For thermal mapping, the infrared camera is an Agema 880 SW with an InSb detector. Comparison and correlation between the two nondestructive techniques are presented for analysis of local shunts and defects.
2011-10: Vietnam's SCIC: A gradualist approach to sovereign wealth funds (Working paper) (2011)

Vietnam's State Capital Investment Corporation (SCIC) was established in 2005, with the primary goal of helping the authorities to make, under market conditions, the most of state capital investments in business enterprises. To date, SCIC has had to grapple mainly with facilitating the "equitization" (that is, privatization) of large numbers of state-owned enterprises. As yet it is still too early to make a firm assessment of SCIC's performance with regard to either of the above objectives. Nevertheless, a discernible picture has begun to emerge, in which SCIC appears to have been a typical example of Vietnam's gradualist approach in transitioning to a more market-oriented economic system: the pace of change may have been slow and uneven, but there are clear indications of movements toward the end goal.
Phase-separation transition in liquid mixtures near curved charged objects (2008)

We study the thermodynamic behavior of nonpolar liquid mixtures in the vicinity of curved charged objects, such as electrodes or charged colloids. There is a critical value of charge (or potential), above which a phase-separation transition occurs, and the interface between high- and low-dielectric constant components becomes sharp. Analytical and numerical composition profiles are given, and the equilibrium front location as a function of charge or voltage is found. We further employ a simple Cahn-Hilliard type equation to study the dynamics of phase separation in spatially nonuniform electric fields. We find an exponential temporal relaxation of the demixing front location. We give the dependence of the steady-state location and characteristic time on the charge, mixture composition and ambient temperature.
Experimental results on multi-nucleonic K−absorptions in light nuclei (2017)

The AMADEUS collaboration studied the K− absorptions at low momentum in light nuclei leading to Σ0p final state. Those events were recorded by the KLOE detector, used as an active target, installed in the the DAΦNE collider. The results show that it is possible to isolate the process where the K− is absorbed by two nucleons and the decay products are emitted without any further final state interactions among other contributions involving more than two nucleons. Further, the possible contribution of a ppK− bound state was investigated. The best fit gives space to a yield of ppK−/Kstop− = (0.044 ± 0.009 stat−0.005+0.004) × 10−2 corresponding to a binding energy and a width of 45 and 30 MeV/c2, respectively. A statistical analysis of this result shows although that its significance is only at the level of 1σ.
Server Controlled Power Management for Wireless Portable Devices (2003)

CRD42018112839.
Estrategia para la propagación in vitro de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (2016)

In vitro multiplication of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been described previously in different reference sources. However, the implication of the investigations carried out in the productive scale processes is not informed. The present work was carried out with the objective of establishing a strategy for the in vitro propagation of S. rebaudiana . Studies were carried out on planting, seedling multiplication as well as rooting. The effect of growth regulators at different concentrations was determined in order to increase the production of large-scale seedlings. The in vitro establishment of meristematic apices was achieved with 66.67% explants free of microbial contaminants and 83.33% survival with the use of NaOCl (1% v / v) for 5 min and a previous treatment with Previcure. The treatment with 6-BAP 0.5 + AIB 0.2 mg l -1 was selected for in vitro multiplication, and 76.67% of rooting was achieved with 0.5 mg l -1 of IBA. These results allow to propose a strategy that reduces the time of obtaining apices for the rooting to two weeks. Its approach to a scale production scheme makes it useful for its implementation in the rapid micropropagation of elite clones and the production of plant material of stevia planting on a commercial scale. Keywords: growth regulators, scale up, shoot tips culture, stevia
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotubes As Li-Ion Battery Materials: A First-Principles Study (2014)

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are carried out to investigate the Li storage capability of graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes. The porous nanotubes provide unprecedented opportunity for energy storage due to their uniform size of pores in the wall and doubly bonded nitrogen at the edges of the pore. The calculations predict that the Li atoms can easily access the interior of the nanotube through the pores in the wall because of the low energy barrier and thus be stored both inside and outside of the nanotubes. The exothermic intercalation of Li further shows that g-C3N4 nanotubes are suitable for Li storage. The Li density in bundles of nanotubes is predicted to be up to 0.57 (Li4C3N4). The porous graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes are applicable in Li-ion battery with high density and stability.
No effect of melatonin on oxidative stress after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial (2010)

Administration of 10 mg melatonin did not reduce variables of oxidative stress in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Miniature Flipping Disk Device for Size Measurement of Objects Through Endoscope (2012)

Finding the size and distance of objects viewed through a single optical path-a typical endoscopic condition-is a challenge. Stereo imaging, which would provide the size and distance information, typically requires multiple optical channels or other elaborate techniques, increasing the endoscope diameter and system complexity. This paper reports the development of a miniature flipping disk device that enables stereo measurement, and demonstrates the operation of the device installed in an endoscope. The fabricated Pyrex disk (1.2 mm in diameter and 485 μm in thickness), anodically bonded to a 50-μm-thick silicon vertical comb-drive actuator, is flipped to ±10.7° at a resonant frequency of 414 Hz by 10 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AC</sub> of electrostatic actuation. The image shift made by such glass flipping provides a reference dimension, against which the real size and distance of objects seen through a standard single-channel endoscope can be estimated.
SCIM—A Theory Based Computer Code for the Prediction of the In-Pile Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steel (1972)

A model for the behavior of Type 304 stainless steel during fast-reactor irradiation has been developed into the computer program SCIM (Swelling and Creep of Irradiated Metals). The model incorporates recent concepts on high-temperature radiation damage into an analytical tool for predicting in-pile behavior of Type 304 stainless steel.Swelling rates are discussed in terms of the relative efficiencies of voids and dislocations as sinks. The calculation for the swelling rate shows it is at maximum when the sink efficiencies are equal. The dose dependence of swelling is found to be a function of the relative rates of void and dislocation loop formation. Saturation mechanisms are discussed with respect to their effect on the swelling rate. Saturation is favored by increased void number density and increased irradiation temperature. This results in a compromise between irradiation temperature and the expected void volume at saturation.Cold work is expected to be increasingly effective with increasing irradiation temperature. At 372°C the dose dependence of swelling in cold-worked material is expected to be much higher than for solution-annealed material because of the rapidly changing relative effectiveness of voids and dislocations as point-defect sinks.High number densities of incoherent precipitate should limit swelling at intermediate irradiation temperatures by forming a saturation microstructure at low void volumes.A climb-controlled in-pipe creep mechanism has been developed. The expression that results depends on the radiation-produced excess interstitial flux to glissile dislocations as the mechanism for enhanced in-pile creep. The glissile dislocations are created by the unfaulting of irradiation-produced interstitial dislocation loops. The principal obstacle is taken as dislocations pinned by the void structure. The maximum inpile creep rate is expected to occur at nearly the same temperature at which swelling is a maximum. The creep rate is expected to decrease slowly with dose.
Vegetable oils. XII.—vernonia seed oils (1963)

Abstract A number of Vernonia seed oils have been examined by reverse‐phase chromatography: all contain oxygenated acid(s) (8.90%) which is mainly epoxyoleic acid.