gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive visual narrative "cloudy lady" (2018)

In this paper, a "gaze navigation" method for an interactive visual narrative application is proposed, and a prototype system, developed for touchscreen computer devices, such as the iPad, is described. An interactive narrative application called "Cloudy Lady" authored by Negar Kaghazchi has an ethic story and the user naturally follows the visual cues applied in every scene, to unravel the story by exploring the surface area using omnidirectional scrolling. (Figure 1)
RAPID ESTIMATION OF ORGANIC NITROGEN IN OIL SHALE WASTEWATERS (1984)

Many of the characteristics of oil shale process wastewaters (e.g., malodors, color, and resistance to biotreatment) are imparted by numerous nitrogen heterocycles and aromatic amines. For the frequent performance assessment of waste treatment procsses designed to remove these nitrogenous organic compounds, a rapid and colligative measurement of organic nitrogen is essential.
Effect of Nigericin, Monensin, and Tetronasin on Biohydrogenation in Continuous Flow-Through Ruminal Fermenters (1997)

Four ionophores differing in cation selectivity were compared for their effect on microbial fermentation and biohydrogenation by ruminal bacteria in continuous culture. Monensin and nigericin are monovalent antiporters with selective binding affinities for Na+ and K+, respectively. Tetronasin is a divalent antiporter that binds preferentially with Ca2+ or Mg2+. Valinomycin is a monovalent uniporter and does not exchange K+ for H+. Steady-state concentrations of 2 micrograms/ml of monensin, nigericin, tetronasin, or valinomycin were maintained by constant infusion into fermenters. Molar percentages of acetate were lower, and those of propionate were higher, in the presence of monensin, nigericin, and tetronasin; all three ionophores also decreased CH4 production. Concentrations of valinomycin as high as 8 micrograms/ml had no effect on volatile fatty acids or CH4 production. Monensin, nigericin, and tetronasin inhibited the rate of biohydrogenation of linoleic acid. Continuous infusion of C18:2n-6 at a steady-state concentration of 314 micrograms/ml into fermenters receiving monensin, nigericin, or tetronasin resulted in lower amounts of stearic acid and higher amounts of oleic acid. Ionophores increased total C18:2 conjugated acids mainly because of an increase in the cis-9, trans-11-C18:2 isomer. If reflected in milk fat, ionophore-induced changes in ruminal lipids could enhance the nutritional qualities of milk.
What do animals learn in artificial grammar studies? (2016)

Artificial grammar learning is a popular paradigm to study syntactic ability in nonhuman animals. Subjects are first trained to recognize strings of tokens that are sequenced according to grammatical rules. Next, to test if recognition depends on grammaticality, subjects are presented with grammar-consistent and grammar-violating test strings, which they should discriminate between. However, simpler cues may underlie discrimination if they are available. Here, we review stimulus design in a sample of studies that use particular sounds as tokens, and that claim or suggest their results demonstrate a form of sequence rule learning. To assess the extent of acoustic similarity between training and test strings, we use four simple measures corresponding to cues that are likely salient. All stimulus sets contain biases in similarity measures such that grammatical test stimuli resemble training stimuli acoustically more than do non-grammatical test stimuli. These biases may contribute to response behaviour, reducing the strength of grammatical explanations. We conclude that acoustic confounds are a blind spot in artificial grammar learning studies in nonhuman animals.
Unleash GPT-2 Power for Event Detection (2021)

Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh, Viet Lai, Franck Dernoncourt, Thien Huu Nguyen. Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2021.
Structure and dielectric property of Bi3NbZrO9doped BST ceramics sintered at low temperature (2017)

Ba0.65Sr0.35TiO3-x Bi3NbZrO9 (BST-x Bi3NbZrO9, x = 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 wt.%) ceramics sintered at low temperature were prepared by traditional solid state reaction method. Influence of Bi3NbZrO9 doping amount on the dielectric properties and microstructure of (Ba, Sr)TiO3(barium strontium titanate, BST) capacitor ceramics by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and traditional solid state sintering method. The results showed that the impurity materials phase were appeared when Bi3NbZrO9 doping amount increased. When Bi3NbZrO9 doping amount increased, dielectric constant(ϵr)increased firstly and then decreased and then increased, dielectric loss(tanδ) decreased firstly and then increased, the capacitance temperature changing rate(ΔC/C) decreased. When Bi3NbZrO9 doped amount was 1 wt.% and the sintered temperature was 1280°C, the BST ceramics possessed good comprehensive property with ϵr of 2325, tanδ of 0.0048, Eb of 7.8 kV/mm(AC), ΔC/C of −12.9∼14.3% in the temperature range of −30°C∼85°C and the capacitance temperature characteristic was consistent with Y5R.
Multilocus Sequence Typing and Further Genetic Characterization of the Enigmatic Pathogen, Staphylococcus hominis (2013)

Staphylococcus hominis is a commensal resident of human skin and an opportunistic pathogen. The species is subdivided into two subspecies, S. hominis subsp. hominis and S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus, which are difficult to distinguish. To investigate the evolution and epidemiology of S. hominis, a total of 108 isolates collected from 10 countries over 40 years were characterized by classical phenotypic methods and genetic methods. One nonsynonymous mutation in gyrB, scored with a novel SNP typing assay, had a perfect association with the novobiocin-resistant phenotype. A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme was developed from six housekeeping gene fragments, and revealed relatively high levels of genetic diversity and a significant impact of recombination on S. hominis population structure. Among the 40 sequence types (STs) identified by MLST, three STs (ST2, ST16 and ST23) were S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus, and they distinguished between isolates from different outbreaks, whereas 37 other STs were S. hominis subsp. hominis, one of which was widely disseminated (ST1). A modified PCR assay was developed to detect the presence of ccrAB4 from the SCCmec genetic element. S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus isolates were oxacillin-resistant and carriers of specific components of SCCmec (mecA class A, ccrAB3, ccrAB4, ccrC), whereas S. hominis subsp. hominis included both oxacillin-sensitive and -resistant isolates and a more diverse array of SCCmec components. Surprisingly, phylogenetic analyses indicated that S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus may be a polyphyletic and, hence, artificial taxon. In summary, these results revealed the genetic diversity of S. hominis, the identities of outbreak-causing clones, and the evolutionary relationships between subspecies and clones. The pathogenic lifestyle attributed to S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus may have originated on more than one occasion.
Microwave spectroscopy of Andreev states in InAs nanowire-based hybrid junctions using a flip-chip layout (2021)

Josephson junctions based on semiconductor nanowires are potential building blocks for electrically tunable qubit structures, e.g. the gatemon or the Andreev qubit. However, an actual realization requires the thorough investigation of the intrinsic excitation spectrum. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of low-loss superconducting microwave circuits that combine high quality factors with a well-controlled gate architecture by utilizing a flip-chip approach. This platform is then used to perform single-tone and two-tone experiments on Andreev states in in-situ grown InAs/Al core/half-shell nanowires with shadow mask defined Josephson junctions. In gate-controlled and flux-biased spectroscopic measurements we find clear signatures of single quasiparticle as well as quasiparticle pair transitions between discrete Andreev bound states mediated by photon-absorption. Our experimental findings are supported by simulations that show that the junction resides in the intermediate channel length regime.
[Case of a 5mm Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumor(G1)with Lymph Node Metastasis]. (2020)

Screening colorectal endoscopy revealed a 5mm rectal neuroendocrine tumor(NET: G1)in a 72-year-old man. Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)was performed, and the histopathological examination demonstrated lymphatic and vessel invasion with a possible positive vertical margin. Therefore, we performed laparoscopic low anterior resection, lymphadenectomy, and ileostomy as additional surgical resections. No residual tumor was found in the specimen, but 3 metastatic lymph nodes were identified. The rate of lymph node metastasis in rectal NETs of diameter<10mm is low, and additional surgery can reduce the patient's quality of life affected due to impaired anorectal function. However, in the Japanese guidelines for NET, additional surgery is adopted in cases with high-risk factors for lymph node metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to select between additional surgery and careful follow-upfor rectal NETs of diameter<10mm with high-risk factors because of possible lymph node metastasis.
Shared Linear Quadratic Regulation Control: A Reinforcement Learning\n Approach (2019)

We propose controller synthesis for state regulation problems in which a\nhuman operator shares control with an autonomy system, running in parallel. The\nautonomy system continuously improves over human action, with minimal\nintervention, and can take over full-control. It additively combines user input\nwith an adaptive optimal corrective signal. It is adaptive in that it neither\nestimates nor requires a model of the human's action policy, or the internal\ndynamics of the plant, and can adjust to changes in both. Our contribution is\ntwofold; first, a new synthesis for shared control which we formulate as an\nadaptive optimal control problem for continuous-time linear systems and solve\nit online as a human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning. The result is an\narchitecture that we call shared linear quadratic regulator (sLQR). Second, we\nprovide new analysis of reinforcement learning for continuous-time linear\nsystems in two parts. In the first analysis part, we avoid learning along a\nsingle state-space trajectory which we show leads to data collinearity under\ncertain conditions. We make a clear separation between exploitation of learned\npolicies and exploration of the state-space, and propose an exploration scheme\nthat requires switching to new state-space trajectories rather than injecting\nnoise continuously while learning. This avoidance of continuous noise injection\nminimizes interference with human action, and avoids bias in the convergence to\nthe stabilizing solution of the underlying algebraic Riccati equation. We show\nthat exploring a minimum number of pairwise distinct state-space trajectories\nis necessary to avoid collinearity in the learning data. In the second analysis\npart, we show conditions under which existence and uniqueness of solutions can\nbe established for off-policy reinforcement learning in continuous-time linear\nsystems; namely, prior knowledge of the input matrix.\n
Switching “On” and “Off” the Expression of Chirality in Peptide Rotaxanes (2002)

The hydrogen-bond-directed synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, and optical properties of the first chiral peptide rotaxanes are reported. Collectively these systems provide the first examples of single molecular species where the expression of chirality in the form of a circular dichroism (CD) response can selectively be switched "on" or "off", and its magnitude altered, through controlling the interactions between mechanically interlocked submolecular components. The switching is achievable both thermally and through changes in the nature of the environment. Peptido[2]rotaxanes consisting of an intrinsically achiral benzylic amide macrocycle locked onto various chiral dipeptide (Gly-L-Ala, Gly-L-Leu, Gly-L-Met, Gly-L-Phe, and Gly-L-Pro) threads exhibit strong (10-20k deg cm(2) dmol(-1)) negative induced CD (theta;) values in nonpolar solvents (e.g. CHCl(3)), where the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between thread and macrocycle is maximized. In polar solvents (e.g., MeOH), where the intercomponent hydrogen bonding is weakened, or switched off completely, the elliptical polarization falls close to zero in some cases and can even be switched to large positive values in others. Importantly, the mechanism of generating the switchable CD response in the chiral peptide rotaxanes is also determined: a combination of semiempirical calculations and geometrical modeling using the continuous chirality measure (CCM) shows that the chirality is transmitted from the amino acid asymmetric center on the thread via the macrocycle to the C-terminal stopper of the rotaxane. This understanding could have important implications for other areas where chiral transmission from one chemical entity to another underpins a physical or chemical response, such as the seeding of supertwisted nematic liquid crystalline phases or asymmetric synthesis.
Three copies of a single recombination repeat occur on the 443 kb mastercircle of thePetunia hybrida3704 mitochondrial genome (1989)

At 443 kb, the map of Petunia hybrida line 3704 mitochondrial DNA is the largest yet produced from a dicot plant. Regions of similarity to known plant mitochondrial genes and to the chloroplast genome have been placed on a master circle. One long repeated sequence, apparently active in recombination, is present in three copies. Two copies of 6.6 kb occur in a direct orientation and are separated by 199 kb. A third truncated copy of 3.5 kb is inverted relative to the other two and is separated from the others by 99 and 145 kb. The presence of the recombination repeats predicts a multipartite molecular organization, consisting of four master circles and three subgenomic circles. Two other repeated regions were found not to be substrates for, or products of recombination. The absence of recombination at certain reiterated regions indicates that there is specificity of recombination at the recombination repeats.
HIV 2-LTR experiment design optimization (2018)

Clinical trials are necessary in order to develop treatments for diseases; however, they can often be costly, time consuming, and demanding to the patients. This paper summarizes several common methods used for optimal design that can be used to address these issues. In addition, we introduce a novel method for optimizing experiment designs applied to HIV 2-LTR clinical trials. Our method employs Bayesian techniques to optimize the experiment outcome by maximizing the Expected Kullback-Leibler Divergence (EKLD) between the a priori knowledge of system parameters before the experiment and the a posteriori knowledge of the system parameters after the experiment. We show that our method is robust and performs equally well if not better than traditional optimal experiment design techniques.
A Bayesian network-based framework with Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) formulations for FPGA system design (2010)

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in IP-reuse for SoCs in order to bridge the gap between the silicon capacity and the design productivity. This research work investigates how our proposed methodology can be used to partition and schedule a JPEG encoder IP core onto an FPGA. We will also describe a novel Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) formulations that are used in the proposed framework. At the same time, we will also demonstrate the effectiveness of CSP in the Bayesian Network-based framework.
Multiple-order PMD compensation using a single actively chirped AWG (2002)

We describe a method for multiple-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) a compensation, whereby 1/sup st/-order differential group delay (DGD) and 2/sup nd/-order principal states of polarisation (PSP) rotation are jointly mitigated by an adaptive polarisation controller and variable arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) time delay. Second-order DGD is treated by dynamic AWG chirp.
Emerging therapies to treat frailty syndrome in the elderly. (2007)

Frailty syndrome (FS) has become increasingly recognized as a major predictor of co-morbidities and mortality in older individuals. Interventions with the potential to benefit frail elders include nutritional supplementation (vitamins D, carotenoids, creatine, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate) and exercise modalities (tai chi and cobblestone walking). While these have not been explicitly tested for their impact on FS, vitamin D supplementation appears to offer significant promise in enhancing long-term health of the elderly. Exercise modalities such as tai chi and cobblestone walking, because of probable low risk and ease of participation, may also confer benefit. Additional studies are needed to investigate interventions that directly prevent, delay, and/or ameliorate frailty. Successful therapies may well involve multi-component approaches utilizing a combination of medication, nutritional supplementation, and exercise.
Effect of learning on stakeholder negotiation outcomes : modeling and analysis of game-generated data (2015)

Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2015.
Laser-powder bed fusion in-process dispersion of reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles onto powder beds via colloid nebulisation (2022)

Functionally grading material composition in laser-powder bed fusion grants the potential for manufacturing complex components with tailored properties. The challenge in achieving this is that the current laser-powder bed fusion machine technology is designed to process only powdered feedstock materials. This study presents a multi-feedstock material printing methodology for laser-powder bed fusion. Utilising colloid nebulisation, tungsten carbide nanoparticles were successfully deposited onto powder beds of stainless steel 316L during the laser-powder bed fusion process. By this means, a controlled volume of tungsten carbide nanoparticles was uniformly dispersed onto powder beds under the inert processing chamber atmosphere. As a result, specimens printed with this methodology showed an increase in strength. Similarly, the colloid medium played an important role in the resulting microstructures. It led to the formation of consistent and stable meltpools and a strong crystallographic texture. Recommendations are given for the successful dispersion of higher volumes of nanoparticles. Additionally, insights into application prospects for material nebulisation in laser-powder bed fusion are presented and discussed.
Fractional wavelets, derivatives, and Besov spaces (2003)

We show that a multi-dimensional scaling function of order &#947; (possibly fractional) can always be represented as the convolution of a polyharmonic B-spline of order &#947; and a distribution with a bounded Fourier transform which has neither order nor smoothness. The presence of the B-spline convolution factor explains all key wavelet properties: order of approximation, reproduction of polynomials, vanishing moments, multi-scale differentiation property, and smoothness of the basis functions. The B-spline factorization also gives new insights on the stability of wavelet bases with respect to differentiation. Specifically, we show that there is a direct correspondence between the process of moving a B-spline factor from one side to another in a pair of biorthogonal scaling functions and the exchange of fractional integrals/derivatives on their wavelet counterparts. This result yields two "eigen-relations" for fractional differential operators that map biorthogonal wavelet bases into other stable wavelet bases. This formulation provides a better understanding as to why the Sobolev/Besov norm of a signal can be measured from the &ell;<sub><i>p</i></sub>-norm of its rescaled wavelet coefficients. Indeed, the key condition for a wavelet basis to be an unconditional basis of the Besov space <i>B<sub>q</sub><sup>s</sup></i>(<i>L<sub>p</sub></i>(<i>R<sup>d</sup></i>)) is that the <i>s</i>-order derivative of the wavelet be in <i>L<sub>p</sub></i>.
EXOTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF THE ISOTROPIC HARMONIC OSCILLATOR (1998)

We contruct and study a continuous family of representations of the N-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator (N≥2) which are not unitarily equivalent to the standard one. We explain why such representations exist and we investigate their simpler properties: the spectrum of the Hamiltonian (which contains nonstandard values), the form of the energy eigenfunctions, and their behavior under the ladder operators. Various symmetry and dynamical groups (e.g. the rotation group) which are valid on the standard representation are not implemented on the new ones. We comment very briefly on the prospects of observing these representations experimentally.
Measurement of energy transfer in a five-mode gravitational wave bar detector (1992)

A 1400-kg five-mode bar detector has been constructed and tested at room temperature. Detailed calculations and computer simulations have been performed to optimize the design and study the dynamics of the system. The tests have confirmed the analytical prediction that a large fraction (67% in this experiment) of the energy deposited into the bar is transferred to the last resonator. The rise time of the energy at the last resonator is short (≂2 ms), and corresponds to an effective detector bandwidth of ≂500 Hz.
Polarization mode dispersion in single-mode fibers (1978)

In real single-mode optical fibers, imperfections cause the two possible polarizations to propagate at different phase velocities. This birefringence leads to different group velocities. We have measured the resulting mode dispersion in short fiber lengths (0.5-2.5 m) from the depolarization of broad-bandwidth light. In a typical fiber we found 30 psec/km at 0.69-microm wavelength, in good agreement with the observed birefringence. The effect of mode dispersion can be compensated by a +/-68 degrees double twist midway along the fiber, interchanging the fast and slow modes.
New Review Articles (2011)

I am pleased to present in this issue the first of a series of specially invited review articles that seek to present the state of the art of their chosen biomechanical topic. The inaugural article is entitled “The specific growth rates of tissues: A review and a reevaluation” by Dr. Stephen C. Cowin of the Department of Biomedical Engineering, CUNY. In this article, Dr. Cowin presents a brief history of efforts to mathematically model the growth of tissues. He then continues to present a case for the reevaluation of current approaches and several novel ideas. It is one of the most thought-provoking, expansive articles I have read in recent years on the very exciting topic of tissue growth and remodeling. I hope you all enjoy it as much as I have.We are currently planning several more of these articles for this coming year. These articles receive absolute top priority for publication, are of extended length (equivalent to two to three standard manuscripts), are rapidly reviewed, with the review process handled personally by the editor, with all page charges waived, and are to be published in the next available issue. If you are interested in contributing a review article, please contact me directly with a title, abstract, and estimated completion date.Yours sincerely,Michael S. Sacks, Ph.D.EditorJohn A. Swanson ChairDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburghe-mail: msacks@pitt.edu