gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age, sexual behavior and human papillomavirus infection in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers (2003)

There are few well-established patient risk factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant different risk factors and tumor characteristics between HPV-positive and HPV-negative cancer cases. HPV was evaluated in cancer tissue and exfoliated oral cells of 193 oral cavity/oropharynx cancer patients using PCR and direct DNA sequencing. A patient questionnaire collected information about risk factors, sexual practices and medical history. The prevalence of HPV high-risk (HR) types was 20% in cancer cases. Three types were identified: HPV-16 (87%), HPV-18 (3%) and HPV-33 (11%). Risk factors for HPV-HR included younger age (< or = 55 years vs. > 55 years; adjusted OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.6-7.3) and younger-age cases who had more lifetime sex partners (adjusted OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.4-10.1), practiced oral-genital sex (adjusted OR = 4.3; 95% CI = 1.8-10.4) or oral-anal sex (adjusted OR = 19.5; 95% CI = 3.4-113). Compared to HPV-negative cancers, HPV-HR cancers were more likely to have a positive HPV-HR exfoliated oral cytology test (adjusted OR = 7.8; 95% CI = 3.4-18.4), later stage (adjusted OR = 3.0), nodal involvement (adjusted OR = 4.1) and advanced grade (adjusted OR = 3.0). This study shows new evidence that the prevalence of oncogenic mucosal HPV is higher in younger-age oral cavity/oropharynx cancer cases whose sexual practices are typically associated with sexual transmission of the virus. HPV detection also appears to be an indicator of advanced disease characteristics that may require different clinical treatment for this subset of patients. An exfoliated oral cytology test for HPV was a significant predictor of HR types in the cancers, suggesting that an oral rinse may provide an early biomarker of infected tumors.
Lipid deprivation increases surfactant phosphatidylcholine synthesis via a sterol-sensitive regulatory element within the CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase promoter (2002)

Lipid-deprived mice increase alveolar surfactant disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPtdCho) synthesis compared with mice fed a standard diet by increasing expression of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT), the rate-limiting enzyme for DSPtdCho synthesis. We previously observed that lipid deprivation increases mRNA synthesis for CCT [Ryan, McCoy, Mathur, Field and Mallampalli (2000) J. Lipid Res. 41, 1268–1277]. To evaluate regulatory mechanisms for this gene, we cloned the proximal ∼ 1900bp of the 5′ flanking sequence of the murine CCT gene, coupled this to a luciferase reporter, and examined transcriptional regulation in a murine alveolar epithelial type II cell line (MLE-12). The core promoter was localized to a region between −169 and +71bp, which exhibited strong basal activity comparable with the simian virus 40 promoter. The full-length construct, from −1867 to +71, was induced 2–3-fold when cells were cultured in lipoprotein-deficient serum (LPDS), similar to the level of induction of the endogenous CCT gene. By deletional analysis the sterol regulatory element (SRE) was localized within a 240bp region. LPDS activation of the CCT promoter was abolished by mutation of this SRE, and gel mobility-shift assays demonstrated specific binding of recombinant SRE-binding protein to this element within the CCT promoter. These observations indicate that sterol-regulated expression of CCT is mediated by an SRE within its 5′ flanking region.
Coupled Evolution of Preferential Paths for Force and Damage in the Pre-failure Regime in Disordered and Heterogeneous, Quasi-Brittle Granular Materials (2020)

A disordered and heterogeneous, quasi-brittle granular material can withstand certain levels of internal damage before global failure. This robustness depends not just on the bond strengths but also on the topology and redundancy of the bonded contact network, through which forces and damage propagate. Despite extensive studies on quasi-brittle failure, there still lacks a unified framework that can quantify the interdependent evolution of damage and force transmission. Here we develop a framework to do so. It is data-driven, multiscale and relies solely on the contact strengths and topology of the contact network for material properties. Discrete element method (DEM) was used to directly simulate quasi-brittle materials like concrete under uniaxial tension. Concrete was modeled as a random heterogeneous 2-phase and 3-phase material composed of aggregate particles, cement matrix and interfacial transitional zones with experimental-based meso-structure from X-ray micro-CT-images of real concrete. We uncover evidence of an optimized force transmission, characterized by two novel transmission patterns that predict and explain the coupled evolution of force and damage pathways from the microstructural to the macroscopic level. The first comprises the shortest possible percolating paths that can transmit the global force transmission capacity. These paths reliably predict tensile force chains. The second pattern is the flow bottleneck, a path in the optimized route that is prone to congestion and is where the macrocrack emerges. The cooperative evolution of preferential pathways for damage and force casts light on why sites of highest concentrations of stress and damage in the nascent stages of pre-failure regime do not provide a reliable indicator of the ultimate location of the macrocrack.
Gastrin and Lower Esophageal Sphincter Tone (1978)

The gastrointestinal polypeptide gastrin, found in great abundance in the gastric antrium, was shown in 1970 to have a very dramatic effect in stimulating the smooth muscle segment of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and in causing marked increases in pressure in this region. 1 This observation resulted in numerous studies confirming this effect, and led to the suggestion that endogenous gastrin might be a major controlling factor in setting the level of pressure in the LES and, in fact, that gastrin might be the major determinant of LES pressure. 2 More recently, there has been considerable controversy related to the possibility that some of these sphincteric effects of gastrin (or pentagastin) might be more in the order of pharmacologic responses due to large doses of exogenous gastrin, and raising serious questions as to the specific physiologic role of endogenous gastrin in maintenance of LES pressure. There are a number
An analysis of unsteady one‐dimensional stretching of a viscoelastic fluid (1976)

Abstract The time‐dependent response of a viscoelastic liquid to unsteady one‐dimensional stretching deformations was examined. Oldroyd's three‐constant model for a viscoelastic fluid was used. Two cases representing two different stretching histories were analyzed: a sine stretching pulse and a step stretching pulse. The results show that high elongational viscosity may be easily reached in both cases. As the relaxation time of the liquid becomes comparable to the pulse width, elongational viscosity increases with the increase in maximum stretching rates. Conditions to maintain high levels of elongational viscosity at a subsequently reduced stretching rate were given as functions of the relaxation time and initial stretching rates. In view of recent turbulent boundary layer data, the results were used to discuss possible explanations of turbulent drag reduction in polymer solutions. It was concluded that the basic mechanisms for drag reduction in polymer soluations. It was concluded that the basic mechanisms for drag reducation may be related to the effects of high elongational viscosity and local stabilization of small shear disturbances.
Telomere length in young patients with acute myocardial infarction without conventional risk factors: a pilot study from a South Asian population (2020)

Abstract Background Myocardial infarction (MI) in the young South Asian population is rising alarmingly. There is an urgent need to identify novel markers to aid early risk estimation. Telomeres are long known to be markers of aging, and shorter telomeres have been reported in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Telomeres have been shown to be involved in modulating inflammation and oxidative stresses in other diseases. We aimed to identify the association of telomere length in young MI patients. Methods &amp; Results In a case-control study of 77 subjects in each group, DNA extraction from peripheral blood leukocytes was carried out and the relative telomere length was estimated by quantitative PCR. The results were adjusted with various demographic parameters like age and gender. The correlation studies were carried out between Telomere length and lipid profile parameters (LDL, HDL, TG, TC), clinical and demographic parameters of the subjects using partial correlations. Results The relative telomere length was significantly shorter in Young MI patients (31-45 years) compared to matched healthy controls (p&lt;0.0001). Interestingly, in a gender-based comparison, the female patients had shorter telomere length (p&lt;0.01). Correlation analysis of the length with angiographic patterns and even the lipid profile did not reveal significance (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion Our findings reveal the presence of shorter telomere length in patients of young MI in South Asia. Higher prevalence of stress and other factors may play a role in affecting telomere length. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Performance analysis of cluster-based multiprocessors (1994)

A queueing model for performance evaluation of cluster-based multiprocessors is proposed. Most system components are modeled as M/D/1/L queues to capture deterministic service time and finite buffer behavior. Various subsystems are analyzed independently and then integrated for the system level analysis. Average delay, throughput, and processor utilization are the performance parameters studied in this analysis. The analytical results are first validated via simulation. Next, several design alternatives are discussed using the model. These include the effect of buffer length and identification of bottleneck centers for various design configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Bridgehead Alkylated 2‐Thiaadamantanes: Novel Markers for Sulfurization Processes Occurring under High Thermal Stress in Deep Petroleum Reservoirs. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Complete photonic band gap in a two-dimensional chessboard lattice (2000)

The photonic structure of a two-dimensional square lattice with square columns rotated by $45\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ is theoretically studied. For a range of dielectric filling factors around $f=0.5$ (for which the lattice reduces to a chessboard) a photonic band gap common to s and p polarizations is found. The complete band gap occurs for a wide range of values of the dielectric contrast and is maximum for relatively low values of the contrast.
Muscle Damage During MIS Total Hip Arthroplasty (2006)

Decreased muscle damage is a reported benefit of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches in total hip arthroplasty (THA). We compared the extent and location of muscle damage during THA using the MIS anterior Smith-Petersen and MIS posterior surgical approaches. THA was performed in six human cadavers (12 hips). One hip was assigned to the Smith-Petersen approach and the contralateral hip to the posterior approach. Muscle damage was graded with a technique of visual inspection to calculate a proportion of surface area damage. Less damage occurred in the gluteus minimus muscles and minimus tendon with the Smith-Petersen approach. A mean of 8% of the minimus muscle was damaged via the Smith-Petersen approach, compared to 18% via the posterior approach. The tensor fascia latae muscle was damaged (mean of 31%), as well as direct head of the rectus femoris (mean 12%) during the Smith-Petersen approach. The piriformis or conjoined tendon was transected in 50% of the anterior approaches to mobilize the femur. The posterior approach involved intentional detachment of the piriformis and conjoined tendon and measurable damage to the abductor muscles and gluteus minimus tendon in each specimen. Clinical outcome studies and gait analysis are necessary to ascertain the functional implications of these findings.
Effect of Temperature on the Order of Electrophoretic Migration of Influenza Virus Neuraminidase and Nucleoprotein Genes in Acrylamide Gels Lacking Denaturing Agents (1978)

When subjected to electrophoresis at 33 degrees C in 3% polyacrylamide gels with no urea added, the nucleoprotein and neuraminidase genes of an H2N2 and H3N2 virus migrate as RNA bands 5 and 6 respectively. If the temperature of electrophoresis is increased to 46 degrees C, however, this order of migration is reversed.
[The level of analgesia with epidural injection of 2% mepivacaine using combined spinal and epidural analgesia]. (1996)

We studied the level of analgesia obtained with epidural injection of 2% mepivacaine using combined spinal and epidural analgesia (CSE) and compared with the level obtained by epidural analgesia (EA). We inserted a catheter into the epidural space through the L2/3 interspace, and hyperbaric tetracaine was injected through the L3/4 interspace with 26G spinal needle in thirty patients for CSE. We checked the the level of analgesia 90 min after spinal anesthesia. After this, 23 out of 30 patients showed the extension of analgesia 15 min after injection of mepivacaine into the epidural catheter. In these patients, the level of analgesia and the dose of mepivacaine showed the regression line Y = 10.2-0.4X (Y: the level of analgesia, X: the dose of 2% mepivacaine, P < 0.05). We also showed the regression line Y = 16.1-0.7X (P < 0.05) for EA 15 min after epidural injection of mepivacaine in other 23 patients. To achieve the same level of analgesia of Th8 or Th6 with CSE and EA, the doses for epidural injection were calculated as 5.5 ml, 10.5 ml with CSE and 11.5 ml, 14.4 ml with EA, respectively. These results show that the epidural dose of local anesthetic for CSE is 1/2 to 2/3 of that necessary for EA.
Potassium Speciation and Distribution for the K2CO3 Additive-Induced Activation/Deactivation of Olivine During Gasification of Woody Biomass (2019)

&lt;p&gt;The GoBiGas plant, which comprises a 32-MW&lt;sub&gt;th &lt;/sub&gt;dual fluidized bed gasifier, was constructed as a demonstration unit for converting biomass to biomethane via gasification. On several occasions during the commissioning of the plant, low activity of the olivine bed generated a high content of tar in the produced gas, which was deleterious to the downstream equipment. The problem was attributed to a deficiency of ash constituents, and the solution was to control activation of the bed material through the addition of K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;/sub&gt;to the process. This enabled extended operational periods without tar-related issues. The achieved activity could be lost during interrupted operation at which time the activation procedure had to be repeated. In the present paper analysis of the bed material samples extracted upon activation and after loss of activity using Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) showed similar morphologies for the ash layers formed around the olivine particles. The observed differences mainly related to the distributions of potassium (K) across the layers. Furthermore, surface analysis showed differences in K speciation within the outer regions. K solubility tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated that K was present as an oxide/hydroxide rather than as a silicate on the surface of the active olivine. The presented results are of major relevance for the operation of dual fluidized bed gasifiers with fuels that are potassium-lean when ash components need to be supplied as additives &lt;/p&gt;
Correctly rounded constant integer division via multiply-add (2012)

Implementing integer division in hardware is expensive when compared to multiplication. In the case where the divisor is a constant, expensive integer division algorithms can be replaced by cheaper integer multiplications and additions. This paper presents the conditions for multiply-add schemes to perform correctly rounded unsigned invariant integer division under one of three rounding modes. We propose a heuristic to explore the space of implementations meeting the conditions we derive. Experiments show that an average speed up of 20% and area reduction of 50% can be achieved compared to existing correctly rounded approaches. Extension to two's complement numbers is also presented.
Design and Synthesis of Vanadium‐Titanium‐Incorporated Mesoporous Silica Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane (2022)

Abstract A series of vanadium and titanium‐incorporated mesostructured cellular foams (MCF) silica with different vanadium contents were synthesized by direct hydrothermal method, which applied as catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODP). Vanadium doping amount significantly affects the distribution and coordination environment of VO x and TiO x species on the MCF silica. With the increasing of V content, the TiO x species incorporated into silica framework were substituted by some framework V species to form more polymeric or small TiO 2 nanoclusters. VO x species were incorporated on both silica surface and TiO x species surface. The interaction between highly dispersed VO x and polymerized TiO 2 enhanced the C 3 H 6 formation rate. The 3 V5Ti/MCF catalysts showed the highest propylene productivity (4.2 kg propylene kg cat −1 h −1 , at 500 °C) among the xV5Ti/MCF catalysts because of the highest concentration isolated/oligomeric VO x species incorporated on the appropriate polymerized TiO 2 surface.
Underwater Object Detection Based on Gravity Gradient (2009)

A novel method of underwater object detection based on gravity gradient is presented, which can be used on autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to detect abnormal objects underwater. Gravity gradient anomalies of partial area, which are caused by the object, can be measured by a gravity gradiometer on an AUV. Then, anomalies can be inversed with a gravity gradient inversion algorithm, so the mass and barycenter of an object can be estimated. Simulation results show that approximate information of an object can be provided by the proposed method.
Solvent-free, direct synthesis of supramolecular nano-capsules (2005)

The single step direct synthesis of pyrogallol[4]arene via a solvent free protocol yields the pure product as a self-assembled nano-capsule, comprised of six macrocyclic building blocks.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOMETALLIC NITROSYL CHEMISTRY. 12. NEW CYCLOPENTADIENYLNITROSYL COMPLEXES S OF TUNGSTEN (1980)

Abstract Die Behandlung des W‐Komplexes (I) mit äquimolaren Mengen festem Iod führt zum diamagnetischen Iod‐verbrückten Dimeren (II).
Coding of contour data using DCT transform (2005)

The efficiency of the DCT transform in the coding of contour data is presented. Test contours extracted from gray level or binary images are represented by two one-dimensional sequences x(i) and y(i) representing the Cartesian coordinates of the boundary points of the contour. The contour sequences representing the contour data are combined to form one sequence. The new sequence is then divided into a number of sub-arrays, which are transformed using one-dimensional DCT transform. The spectral coefficients having the largest variances are then coded and transmitted or stored. Comparison of the coding results using different transforms, with respect to mean square error versus the compression rate, are reported. It is shown that the DCT transform has a better coding efficiency than other transforms.
Technology for sugarcane agroindustry waste reuse as granulated organomineral fertilizer (2015)

Aiming to evaluate the use of sugarcane industry waste such as byproducts from vinasse concentration process, it was assessed the organomineral fertilizer BIOFOM (concentrated vinasse, filter cake, boiler ash, soot from chimneys and supplemented with mineral fertilizers). The study included characterization and agronomic potential analysis of a test plant (corn), by noting the differences between mineral fertilizers and BIOFOM fertilization until 45 days after sowing. The technology traditionally used to produce BIOFOM was based on vinasse evaporation with high heat transfer coefficients. It was observed that the technology, which can be formulated according to the needs of any crop, could be used in many cases as mineral fertilizer. Therefore, the use of this organomineral fertilizer reduces waste generation of sugarcane industry.
Vesicular stomatitis virus RNA polymerase can read through the boundary between the leader and N genes in vitro (1981)

Triphosphorylated in vitro transcripts of vesicular stomatitis virus were selected by mercury-Sepharose chromatography using adenosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) as an affinity probe. Numerous RNAs ranging from less than 47 up to several hundred nucleotides in length were detected. Some of these contain the leader RNA covalently linked to transcripts of the N gene. A comparison of the published genomic sequences at the estimated termination sites of several of these RNAs reveals some homology with the sequence present at both the end of the leader and polymerase genes.
THz Channel Characterization of Chip-to-Chip Communication in Desktop Size Metal Enclosure (2019)

This article presents characterization of terahertz (THz) wireless channel inside a desktop size metal enclosure with the consideration of several different scenarios. Measurements indicate that both traveling wave and resonating modes exist inside the metal enclosure. Measurements for line-of-sight (LoS) propagation inside the empty metal enclosure show that the path loss significantly changes as a function of the transceiver's height. It is found that this variation is due the resonant modes, contribution to the received power. Reflected-non-LoS (RNLoS) measurements show that for the same distance, the difference between the mean path loss measured inside the metal box and in a free space is limited to 1 dB, with traveling wave dominating the channel. This indicates that reflectors can be used as wave-guiding objects in metal enclosures. Finally, obstructed-LoS (OLoS) path loss measurements with the parallel dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs) as obstructions show the constructive/destructive effect on the waves due to multipath introduced by the parallel-plate structures. Compared to the free space scenarios, multipath is introduced by the traveling wave bouncing back and forth between the transceiver sides of the cavity, which introduces stronger fluctuations in observed pathloss and reduces the coherence bandwidth of the channel.
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS VIA HYDROSILYLATION. 4. HIGHLY REGIOSELECTIVE E REDUCTIONS OF α,β‐UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS (1983)

Abstract An einer Reihe von Beispielen wie z.B. den Verbindungen (I) wird die durch den Rh‐Komplex (II) katalysierte Hydrosilylierung eingehend untersucht.
On-a-chip surface plasmon tweezers (2011)

We report on an integrated optical trapping platform operated by simple fiber coupling. The system consists of a dielectric channel optical waveguide decorated with an array of gold micro-pads. Through a suitable engineering of the waveguide mode, we achieve light coupling to the surface plasmon resonance of the gold pads that act as individual plasmonic traps. We demonstrate parallel trapping of both micrometer size polystyrene beads and yeast cells at predetermined locations on the chip with only 20 mW total incident laser power.