gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fusion-Reactor-Safety Research Program. Annual report, Fiscal Year 1981 (1982)

The report contains four sections: Outside Contracts includes the continuation of the General Atomic Co. low-activation materials safety study, water-cooled transport activation products study by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), studies of superconducting magnet safety conducted by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) coupled with a new experimental superconducting magnet study program by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to verify analytical work, a continuation of safety methodology work by MIT, portions of papers on lithium safety studies conducted at Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL), and a new program to study tritium gas conversion to tritiated water at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The section EG and G idaho, Inc., Activities at INEL includes adaptations of papers of ongoing work in transient code development, tritium systems risk assessment, heat transfer activities, and a summary of a workshop on safety in design. A List of Publications and Proposed FY-82 Activities are also presented.
Carbon Nanotube-Based Floating Gate Memories with High-k Dielectrics (2012)

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based floating gate memories with high- k dielectrics were fabricated for low-power-consumption devices owing to the increase in the electric field intensity in the tunneling layer of memory devices. The memory with a high- k dielectric consisting of an Al 2 O 3 layer achieved a larger hysteresis than the memory with a SiO 2 layer. The results were well explained by simple electric field calculations using a cylindrical capacitor model. Furthermore, memory operation at a lower pulse voltage of 2 V or a shorter pulse width of 0.01 s was demonstrated on the basis of the memory with the Al 2 O 3 layer. The results indicate that CNT-based floating gate memories with high- k dielectrics are promising candidates for low-power-consumption memories.
Effects of fibrous cap thickness on peak circumferential stress in model atherosclerotic vessels. (1992)

It is likely that factors other than stenosis severity predispose some atherosclerotic plaques to rupture. Because focal increases in circumferential stress may be an important mechanism of plaque rupture, we examined peak circumferential stress of atherosclerotic lesions by using finite element analysis based on idealized two-dimensional cross sections of diseased vessels similar to intravascular ultrasound images. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that subintimal plaque structural features such as thickness of the fibrous cap are more important factors in the distribution of stress in the plaque than stenosis severity. The analysis incorporated equilibrium biomechanical parameters from normal and diseased vessels and determined the stress distribution within the plaque at a mean luminal internal pressure of 110 mm Hg. With a constant luminal area reduction of 70%, maximum circumferential stress (sigma max) normalized to luminal pressure (sigma max/P) increased from 6.0 to 24.8 as the thickness of the lipid pool was increased from 38% to 54% of the plaque thickness because of the thinner fibrous cap over the lipid pool. When the lipid pool thickness was constant, increasing the stenosis severity from 70% to 91% by increasing the fibrous cap thickness decreased sigma max/P from 24.8 to 4.7. When no lipid pool was present and the stenosis severity was increased from 70% to 99%, sigma max/P decreased from 5.3 to 4.7. Thus, reducing the fibrous cap thickness dramatically increases peak circumferential stress in the plaque, whereas increasing the stenosis severity actually decreases peak stress in the plaque.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of surfactants on the molecular mobility and crystallization kinetics of hesperetin (2019)

Recent work from our lab studied the generation and performance evaluation of nanocrystalline solid dispersions (NCSDs) of a hesperetin-mannitol-sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)-dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate (DOSS) system.
Volume-based clustering for arbitrary shaped clusters (2013)

Volume-based clustering is a clustering technique for identifying arbitrary shaped clusters. The main aim of this paper is generation of arbitrary shaped clusters by forming sub-clusters which are merged to identify the actual shape of the clusters and two phase outlier detection and removal is conducted. By varying a user defined parameter e, user can get the desired number of clusters. Experiments were conducted on different sets of real and synthetic datasets to test our proposed algorithm and results are compared with other existing algorithms.
Matching Diethyl Terephthalate with n-Doped Conducting Polymers (2015)

The combination of small, high charge capacity molecules as pendant groups with a conducting polymer backbone having good electronic conductivity upon doping, gives the possibility to design a high capacity conducting redox polymer material for electric energy storage applications. The desired synergetic effect of the two components requires energy matching as well as chemical compatibility of the pendant group and the polymer backbone. Here we investigate the matching of diethyl terephthalate (DeT) with the thiophene-based conducting polymers polythiophene (PT), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and polyphenylthiophene. We show that a stable and well-defined electrochemical response of DeT is achieved, together with all conducting polymers except for PT in tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte, indicating good energy match as well as chemical compatibility between DeT and polymers. By varying the size of ammonium cations in the electrolytes, we further show how this size affects the conductivity and the cycling stability of the polymers and also that the n-doping performance of all conducting polymers can be improved by the use of smaller alkyl ammonium cations. On the basis of these results, we suggest that PEDOT and PT are suitable candidates for a polymer backbone in conducting redox polymers with DeT pendant groups.
Effect of Structural and Conformation Modifications, Including Backbone Cyclization, of Hydrophilic Hexapeptides on Their Intestinal Permeability and Enzymatic Stability (2007)

A library of 18 hexapeptide analogs was synthesized, including sub-libraries of N- or C-methylation of the parent hexapeptide Phe-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Phe, as well as backbone cyclized analogs of each linear analog with various ring sizes. N- or C-methylation as well as cyclization (but not backbone cyclization) have been suggested to improve intestinal permeability and metabolic stability of peptides in general. Here we aimed to assess their applicability to hydrophilic peptides. The intestinal permeability (Papp) of the 18-peptide library was in the range of 0.2-6.8 x 10-6 cm/sec. Based on several tests, we concluded that the absorption mechanism of all tested analogs is paracellular, regardless of the structural or conformational modifications. In all cases, backbone cyclization increased Papp (5-fold) in comparison to the linear analogs due to the smaller 3D size and also dramatically decreased peptide proteolysis by brush border enzymes. N- or C-methylation did not enhance the permeability of the linear analogs in this series.
Compatibilization of Conductive Polyethylene/Polyaniline Blends (2006)

Abstract Summary: The compatibilization of polyethylene/polyaniline (PE/PANI) blends and the preparation of plasticized PANI/camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) complexes suitable for melt blending were studied. Rheological properties of the components essentially affected the morphology of the blend and thereby the electrical conductivity. The hydrogen bonds between the PANI complex and the functionalized metallocene PE used as compatibilizer compensated the unfavorable viscosities of the components. Mechanical properties of PE/PANI blends were improved, and electrical conductivity of the blends remained the same or increased through addition of functionalized metallocene polyethylene. Plasticized PANI/CSA complex with good electrical conductivity was successfully prepared. Compatibilization of PANI/CSA complex and OH‐functionalized polyethylene. magnified image Compatibilization of PANI/CSA complex and OH‐functionalized polyethylene.
A MICROSPECTROFLUOROMETER WITH EPI-ILLUMINATION OPERATED UNDER COMPUTER CONTROL (1974)

Until recently the recording of fully corrected excitation and fluorescence spectra from fluorophores in microscopic preparations has been a time-consuming procedure. A new type of microspectrofluorometer with epi-illumination has been developed. This instrument is operated on line with a digital computer permitting automatic operation of monochromator motors, electrical shutters and correction of spectra. The electrical shutters are used for a rapid change between low intensity dia- and strong epi-illumination. Exposure to epi-illumination is limited to the short period of recording the spectra. A new optical system permits centering of structures to be measured, using the binocular head for viewing the illuminated image of the monochromator slit and the fluorescent image excited with dia-illumination simultaneously. New objectives and eyepieces with a high light collecting power permit the visualization of weak fluorescence obtained with low intensity dia-illumination.
Ostra: leveraging trust to thwart unwanted communication (2008)

Online communication media such as email, instant messaging, bulletin boards, voice-over-IP, and social networking sites allow any sender to reach potentially millions of users at near zero marginal cost. This property enables information to be exchanged freely: anyone with Internet access can publish content. Unfortunately, the same property opens the door to unwanted communication, marketing, and propaganda. Examples include email spam, Web search engine spam, inappropriately labeled content on YouTube, and unwanted contact invitations in Skype. Unwanted communication wastes one of the most valuable resources in the information age: human attention. In this paper, we explore the use of trust relationships, such as social links, to thwart unwanted communication. Such relationships already exist in many application settings today. Our system, Ostra, bounds the total amount of unwanted communication a user can produce based on the number of trust relationships the user has, and relies on the fact that it is difficult for a user to create arbitrarily many trust relationships. Ostra is applicable to both messaging systems such as email and content-sharing systems such as YouTube. It does not rely on automatic classification of content, does not require global user authentication, respects each recipient’s idea of unwanted communication, and permits legitimate communication among parties who have not had prior contact. An evaluation based on data gathered from an online social networking site shows that Ostra effectively thwarts unwanted communication while not impeding legitimate communication. 1
Shear-Induced Deformation of Surfactant Multilamellar Vesicles (2012)

Surfactant multilamellar vesicles (SMLVs) play a key role in the formulation of many industrial products, such as detergents, foodstuff, and cosmetics. In this Letter, we present the first quantitative investigation of the flow behavior of single SMLVs in a shearing parallel plate apparatus. We found that SMLVs are deformed and oriented by the action of shear flow while keeping constant volume and exhibit complex dynamic modes (i.e., tumbling, breathing, and tank treading). This behavior can be explained in terms of an excess area (as compared to a sphere of the same volume) and of microstructural defects, which were observed by 3D shape reconstruction through confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the deformation and orientation of SMLVs scale with radius R in analogy with emulsion droplets and elastic capsules (instead of R(3), such as in unilamellar vesicles). A possible application of the physical insight provided by this Letter is in the rationale design of processing methods of surfactant-based systems.
Synaptic dysregulation and hyperexcitability induced by intracellular amyloid beta oligomers (2021)

Intracellular amyloid beta oligomer (iAβo) accumulation and neuronal hyperexcitability are two crucial events at early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, to date, no mechanism linking iAβo with an increase in neuronal excitability has been reported. Here, the effects of human AD brain-derived (h-iAβo) and synthetic (iAβo) peptides on synaptic currents and action potential firing were investigated in hippocampal neurons. Starting from 500 pM, iAβo rapidly increased the frequency of synaptic currents and higher concentrations potentiated the AMPA receptor-mediated current. Both effects were PKC-dependent. Parallel recordings of synaptic currents and nitric oxide (NO)-associated fluorescence showed that the increased frequency, related to pre-synaptic release, was dependent on a NO-mediated retrograde signaling. Moreover, increased synchronization in NO production was also observed in neurons neighboring those dialyzed with iAβo, indicating that iAβo can increase network excitability at a distance. Current-clamp recordings suggested that iAβo increased neuronal excitability via AMPA-driven synaptic activity without altering membrane intrinsic properties. These results strongly indicate that iAβo causes functional spreading of hyperexcitability through a synaptic-driven mechanism and offers an important neuropathological significance to intracellular species in the initial stages of AD, which include brain hyperexcitability and seizures.
A simple cold tolerance test for banana cultivars (2020)

ISHS XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: XI International Symposium on Banana: ISHS-ProMusa Symposium onGrowing and Marketing Banana under Subtropical Conditions A simple cold tolerance test for banana cultivars
Optimal mobile facility localization (2015)

We introduce a new type of spatial query, Optimal Accessible Location (OAL) query. When a set of paths is provided the query finds the best location from a set of locations that has the optimal accessibility from these paths. OAL queries have many applications such as the selection of the optimal location for a mobile facility such as a food truck or selection of a venue for an event. We exploit geometric properties and develop pruning techniques to eliminate unrelated path segments as well as locations. Our experimental results demonstrate that we provide a readily deployable solution for real-life applications.
Solving Noisy, Large-Scale Fixed-Point Problems and Systems of Nonlinear Equations (2006)

Many complex transportation models can be formulated as fixed-point problems. Typical examples are the “equilibrium-like” models, motivated by the need to capture the interaction between the transport supply (that is, the infrastructure) and transport demand (that is, travelers’ behavior) in various ways. In this paper, we propose a new approach for solving fixed-point problems and, equivalently, systems of nonlinear equations. It is a generalization of secant methods, and uses several previous iterates to generate a linear approximation of the nonlinear function. Although it belongs to the quasi-Newton family of methods, our algorithm is matrix free, allowing it to solve large-scale systems of equations without derivative and without any particular assumption about the structure of the problem or its Jacobian. Computational experiments on standard problems show that this algorithm outperforms classical, large-scale quasi-Newton methods in terms of efficiency and robustness. Its numerical performances are similar to Newton-Krylov methods currently considered as the best algorithms to solve large-scale nonlinear systems of equations. Furthermore, our approach, using multiple previous iterates to build a linear approximation of the nonlinear function, exhibits robust behavior in the presence of noise in the equations, which makes it particularly well adapted to transportation problems. We run our algorithm on a simple origin-destination (OD) matrix estimation problem and on some instances of the consistent anticipatory route guidance (CARG) problem, to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method and to show its significant superiority to the classical method of successive averages (MSA). Regarding size, we were able to solve a CARG problem with more than 120,000 variables. We were also able to solve classical problems with up to two million variables.
Moral Hazard? 'Mega' public-private partnerships in African agriculture (2014)

African governments are increasingly turning to partnerships with donors and multinational companies to stimulate investment in agriculture, after decades of neglect. Such public-private partnerships (PPPs) 'at scale' offer the allure of increased capital and technology, rises in productivity and foreign exchange earnings.In this briefing paper Oxfam assesses the effectiveness and potential of these mega-PPPs as a vehicle for poverty eradication and rural livelihoods. There are three simple questions to ask of these initiatives:Who primarily benefits from them? Who shoulders the burden of risk? And who holds power in decision-making?The answers to these questions demonstrate that, in all three cases, it is the poorest who are likely to lose out, be put at risk, or be bypassed. Mega-PPPs are by-and-large unproven and risky, and appear likely to skew the benefits of investment towards the more powerful, while the risks fall on the poorest and most vulnerable. Tried and tested alternative investment approaches, by contrast, may offer a better use of resources in order that the benefits of agricultural investment reach those who need them most.
Kinetic Model of Nitric Oxide Reduction on CuFe/SUZ-4 Catalyst in Packed Bed Column (2015)

Model was predicted for suitable condition to achieve the maximum nitric oxide (NO) conversion for using with even-CuFe/SUZ-4 zeolite catalyst in packed-bed reactor in NO reduction.Comsol Multiphysics and Reaction Engineering Lab3.5a based on Computional Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were used to evaluate performance of the reactor.The simulation results were according to the experiments in different sequence of Cu and Fe loadings on SUZ-4 zeolite with impregnation method.Volume flow rate, preheat temperature, and reactor temperature of gas feed rate were used as variables for finding the maximum NO reduction.The results show that the maximum NO conversion of CuFe/SUZ-4 catalyst can achieve at 500°C reaction temperature with 250 ppm of 250 °C preheat temperature gas feed rate.To increase NO conversion, decreasing of gas feed flow rate is the main effect than decreasing of preheat temperature.Moreover, the simulation results were closed to the experiments with only 0.12-1.55% of error.
Facilitating access point selection in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks (2005)

The performance experienced by wireless clients in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks heavily depends on the clients' ability to identify the Access Point (AP) that will offer the best service. The current AP affiliation mechanism implemented in most wireless clients is based on signal strength measurements received by the client from all the APs in its neighborhood. The client then affiliates with the AP from which it receives the strongest signal. It is well-known that such an algorithm can lead to sub-optimal performance, due to its ignorance of the load at different APs.In this work, we consider the problem of AP selection. We identify potential bandwidth as the metric based on which hosts should make affiliation decisions, and define it as the (MAC-layer) bandwidth that the client is likely to receive after affiliating with a particular AP. We further limit ourselves to the use of passive measurements that do not require an end-host to affiliate with the AP, thus allowing the end-host to simultaneously evaluate the potential bandwidth to multiple APs in range. This can also facilitate more informed roaming decisions. We propose a methodology for the estimation of potential upstream and downstream bandwidth between a client and an AP based on measurements of delay incurred by 802.11 Beacon frames from the AP. Preliminary experiments conducted in a controlled environment demonstrate that the proposed methodology looks promising, yielding fairly accurate results under varying conditions.
Blood pressure in infant twins: birth to 6 months of age. (1980)

To describe the time course of the early development genetic variance for blood pressure, a cohort of twins is being followed from birth to 1 year of age. The present interim report describes systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements for 102 twin pairs (39 monozygotic (MZ) and 63 dizygotic (DZ) in the newborn period and at 1, 3 and 6 months of age. Mean values for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were similar regardless of race, sex, zygosity, or chorionicity. Statistically significant genetic variance was detected for systolic blood pressure at 6 months of age but not for diastolic blood pressure at any data point. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that genetic factors that determine within-family similarities of blood pressure may be detected early in life, and support the need for further investigation of both genetic and environmental determinants of blood pressure in young populations.
Object Recognition, Dynamic Contact Simulation, Detection, and Control of the Flexible Musculoskeletal Hand Using a Recurrent Neural Network With Parametric Bias (2020)

The flexible musculoskeletal hand is difficult to modelize, and its model can change constantly due to deterioration over time, irreproducibility of initialization, etc. Also, for object recognition, contact detection, and contact control using the hand, it is desirable not to use a neural network trained for each task, but to use only one integrated network. Therefore, we develop a method to acquire a sensor state equation of the musculoskeletal hand using a recurrent neural network with parametric bias. By using this network, the hand can realize recognition of the grasped object, contact simulation, detection, and control, and can cope with deterioration over time, irreproducibility of initialization, etc. by updating parametric bias. We apply this study to the hand of the musculoskeletal humanoid Musashi and show its effectiveness.
Next Generation Cloud Computing: New Trends and Research Directions (2017)

The landscape of cloud computing has significantly changed over the last decade. Not only have more providers and service offerings crowded the space, but also cloud infrastructure that was traditionally limited to single provider data centers is now evolving. In this paper, we firstly discuss the changing cloud infrastructure and consider the use of infrastructure from multiple providers and the benefit of decentralising computing away from data centers. These trends have resulted in the need for a variety of new computing architectures that will be offered by future cloud infrastructure. These architectures are anticipated to impact areas, such as connecting people and devices, data-intensive computing, the service space and self-learning systems. Finally, we lay out a roadmap of challenges that will need to be addressed for realising the potential of next generation cloud systems.
Strategy to prevent epitope masking in CAR.CD19+ B-cell leukemia blasts (2021)

Taken together, these data suggest that a VL-VH SL may result in a safe CAR-T product, even when manufacturing starts from biological materials characterized by heavy contamination of leukemia blasts.
On Perseus (2006)

The story of Perseus and his exploits is one of the most famous Greek myths and is analyzed with emphasis on oedipal and symbiotic dynamics. The myth is seen to resonate with individual, social, and historical elements, illustrating the unique place of symbol and myth in mediating the coevolution of the individual and his or her culture.