gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of a novel metal-binding protein from rat testes. Characterization and distinction from metallothionein. (1986)

This study was undertaken to further establish the nature of the low molecular weight metal-binding proteins in rat testes. In all cases, control testes were compared to livers of zinc-treated rats, which are known to contain high concentrations of metallothionein. Gel filtration of testicular and hepatic cytosol revealed a major zinc- and/or cadmium-binding protein in the low molecular weight range in both tissues. This protein could be partially purified from either source by a combination of heat treatment and sequential acetone precipitation. When such partially purified preparations were further fractionated by high performance liquid chromatography using a linear gradient of 25%-40% acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, two major forms with similar retention times were seen in each tissue. The utility of this high performance liquid chromatography system for separating isoforms of metallothionein was verified by separation of commercially available purified rabbit hepatic metallothionein into a total of five separate forms. Amino acid analysis of the two proteins derived from rat liver was consistent with the known amino acid composition of metallothionein. However, the two testicular forms separated by high performance liquid chromatography were notably different in amino acid composition from metallothionein, with a distinctly lower content of cysteine. These results indicate that the major low molecular weight cadmium/zinc-binding proteins in rat testes are not metallothioneins.
Nucleophilic attack on olefins co-ordinated to platinum. Part 4. Formation of neutral and cationic σ-adducts and of ring compounds: studies of stability (1984)

Attack by amines (am) on alkene complexes, cis-[PtCl2(η2-C2H4)Y], can lead to neutral acyclic, cationic acyclic, and ring compounds, i.e. cis-[PtCl2(CH2CH2am)Y](Y = Me2SO or PPh3), [PtCl(am)-(CH2CH2am)Y]+Cl–(Y = NH3, pyridine, or Me2SO), and [[graphic omitted]–H)Y](Y = PPh3, Me2SO, or NHMe2). Two isomers of the second compound exist in solution. New compounds of these types are prepared and characterised and others identified in solution. Methods of distinguishing between the species are investigated. The ring compounds can be identified from the value of δ(NCHCHPt). Equilibrium studies show that in most instances the neutral acyclic compounds are readily converted to the cationic acyclic species by excess amine. This has the effect of making the starting cis-dichloro(alkene) complexes more susceptible to nucleophilic attack than their trans analogues. Ring compounds are more likely to be formed if am is bulky. Values of ΔH⊖ and ΔS⊖ have been measured for the formation of the cationic species for Y = 4-methylpyridine and am = NHMe2 for various alkenes. Some comments are made on the stability of cationic alkene complexes. A novel photochemical method is described experimentally for the preparation of some of the starting cis-dichloro(alkene) complexes from their trans isomers.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Synthesized in Vitro Using Messenger RNA from a Human Glioma Cell Line (1983)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from a continuous human glioma cell line grown in culture or as a solid tumor was translated in an mRNA-dependent reticulocyte lysate system. Translation products labeled with [35S]methionine were immunoprecipitated with antiserum specific for glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein, separated by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analyzed fluorographically. Immunoprecipitates from both cell culture and tumor mRNA translations had a molecular weight of 49,000 daltons, consistent with GFA protein extracted from human tissue. In two dimensions, the 49,000-dalton band resolved into two to three spots at pH 5.7-5.9, the isoelectric point of GFA protein. Minor lower molecular weight products were detected in fluorographs of heavily overloaded gels or in film exposed for extended periods of time. These data indicate that the GFA protein produced by this glioma cell line is chemically and immunologically similar to normal human GFA protein, which suggests that the primary phenotypic expression of GFA protein in this tumor cell line is not altered by the neoplastic process.
Predictors of Nonprescription Medication Use (1990)

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a literature review on predictors of nonprescription medication use. The predictors identified appear to explain about 20% to 34% of the variance associated with use of nonprescription medication. Most studies indicated that predictors were interrelated. Females were found to be significantly more likely to be involved in the use of nonprescription medication than males. Age was suggested to be negatively related to use, while income and education, which are correlated to social class, have a positive influence. Other potential predictors appeared to be family or household size and influence, race, marital status, medical beliefs and attitude, and stress levels. The relationship between physician consultations and nonprescription medication use appears controversial. Evidence for other demographic variables, such as geographical location and method of payment for medical services, was limited. The major direct determinant appears to be perceived morbidity, which is, in turn, shaped by other variables.
Inducing triplet superconducting correlations in a normal metal wire (2011)

International audience
Adsorption behavior and corrosion inhibitive potential of xanthene on mild steel/sulphuric acid interface (2010)

The inhibition of xanthene (XEN) on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 was studied by gravimetric and UV–visible spectrophotometric methods at 303–333 K. Results obtained show that XEN act as inhibitor for mild steel in H2SO4 solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increase in XEN concentration but decreased with temperature. Activation parameters and Gibbs free energy for the adsorption process using Statistical Physics were calculated and discussed. The corrosion process in 0.5 M H2SO4 in the absence and presence of XEN follows zero-order kinetics. The UV–visible absorption spectra of the solution containing the inhibitor after the immersion of mild steel specimen indicate the formation of a XEN–Fe complex. Quantum chemical calculations using DFT were used to calculate some electronic properties of the molecule in order to ascertain any correlation between the inhibitive effect and molecular structure of xanthene.
Real-time Stokes polarimetry using a digital micromirror device (2019)

Stokes polarimetry (SP) is a powerful technique that enables spatial reconstruction of the state of polarization (SoP) of a light beam using only intensity measurements. A given SoP is reconstructed from a set of four Stokes parameters, which are computed through four intensity measurements. Since all intensities must be performed on the same beam, it is common to record each intensity individually, one after the other, limiting its performance to light beams with static SoP. Here, we put forward a novel technique to extend SP to a broader set of light beams with dynamic SoP. This technique relies on the superposition principle, which enables the splitting of the input beam into identical copies, allowing the simultaneous measurement of all intensities. For this, the input beam is passed through a multiplexed digital hologram displayed on a polarization-insensitive Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) that grants independent and rapid (20 kHz) manipulation of each beam. We are able to reliably reconstruct the SoP with high fidelity and at speeds of up to 27 Hz, paving the way for real-time polarimetry of structured light.
Improved modelling and simulation of once‐through and reverse multi‐stage flash desalination configurations (2023)

Abstract An improved model for multistage flash (MSF) structures is developed and used to assess the performance of a novel MSF configuration, termed as MSF reversal (RV‐MSF) and consisting of reversing the brine circulation stream. The improved model determines the temperature distribution within the stages using heat balance equations while the simplified one, which is commonly used, is based on pre‐specified, constant, and equal temperature distribution throughout the stages. The performance of the RV‐MSF is investigated and compared with conventional MSF once‐through (OT‐MSF) with and without brine mixing using simplified and full models. It is found that the simplified model overestimates the required heat transfer specific area for both MSF configurations. Moreover, it underestimates the cooling water and energy requirements for the reversal configuration. Hence, the simplified model may be good for quick analysis but leads to inaccurate design specifications and economic analysis. When brine mixing is utilized, the simplified model still provides erroneous estimates of the heat transfer area for both MSF configurations. Nevertheless, for OT‐MSF structure, the simple model can provide comparable predictions with that of the improved model in terms of recovery ratio, performance ratio, and specific energy consumption. For the RV‐MSF structure, a mismatch in the two model predictions of surface area, cooling water, and energy requirements is observed. Furthermore, the temperature drop in the cooling system for RV‐MSF has a significant influence on the specific surface area and cooling water requirements especially at low values. The different behaviour of the simplified model between the OT‐MSF and RV‐MSF configurations is attributed to the fact that brine recycling does not affect the feed temperature or the temperature distribution in the system.
Optimal Decision Trees for Nonlinear Metrics (2021)

Nonlinear metrics, such as the F1-score, Matthews correlation coefficient, and Fowlkes–Mallows index, are often used to evaluate the performance of machine learning models, in particular, when facing imbalanced datasets that contain more samples of one class than the other. Recent optimal decision tree algorithms have shown remarkable progress in producing trees that are optimal with respect to linear criteria, such as accuracy, but unfortunately nonlinear metrics remain a challenge. To address this gap, we propose a novel algorithm based on bi-objective optimisation, which treats misclassifications of each binary class as a separate objective. We show that, for a large class of metrics, the optimal tree lies on the Pareto frontier. Consequently, we obtain the optimal tree by using our method to generate the set of all nondominated trees. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method to compute provably optimal decision trees for nonlinear metrics. Our approach leads to a trade-off when compared to optimising linear metrics: the resulting trees may be more desirable according to the given nonlinear metric at the expense of higher runtimes. Nevertheless, the experiments illustrate that runtimes are reasonable for majority of the tested datasets.
Throughput Optimization, Spectrum Allocation, and Access Control in Two-Tier Femtocell Networks (2012)

The deployment of femtocells in a macrocell network is an economical and effective way to increase network capacity and coverage. Nevertheless, such deployment is challenging due to the presence of inter-tier and intra-tier interference, and the ad hoc operation of femtocells. Motivated by the flexible subchannel allocation capability of OFDMA, we investigate the effect of spectrum allocation in two-tier networks, where the macrocells employ closed access policy and the femtocells can operate in either open or closed access. By introducing a tractable model, we derive the success probability for each tier under different spectrum allocation and femtocell access policies. In particular, we consider joint subchannel allocation, in which the whole spectrum is shared by both tiers, as well as disjoint subchannel allocation, whereby disjoint sets of subchannels are assigned to both tiers. We formulate the throughput maximization problem subject to quality of service constraints in terms of success probabilities and per-tier minimum rates, and provide insights into the optimal spectrum allocation. Our results indicate that with closed access femtocells, the optimized joint and disjoint subchannel allocations provide the highest throughput among all schemes in sparse and dense femtocell networks, respectively. With open access femtocells, the optimized joint subchannel allocation provides the highest possible throughput for all femtocell densities.
Supercritical extraction of main alkaloids from Galanthus elwesii (2015)

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) can be used for a wide range of chemical components, including alkaloids. Using pure CO2 is not sufficient for the extraction of polar components, adding a small amount of polar modifier increases the effectiveness of the method [1]. In this study, the effect of carbon-dioxide density with the use of methanol as modifier, basic plant material treatment and temperature were evaluated from Galanthus elwesii L., an ornamental member of the Amaryllidaceae family. Galanthamine is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease as an inhibitor of acetyl-cholinesterase, while lycorine's antitumor activity has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro [2].
Supplemental Methods, Figures, Tables from Transcriptional Regulation of miR-31 by Oncogenic KRAS Mediates Metastatic Phenotypes by Repressing RASA1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1. (A) Taqman qPCR analysis of miR-31 expression in RNA isolated from isogenic HCT116 cell lines with oncogenic KRAS (mut/null) or with wild-type KRAS (wt/null). (B) qPCR analysis of KRAS expression in the indicated cell lines transfected with siRNA control [-] or siRNA against KRAS [+]. Expression was normalized to -actin mRNA. Supplemental Figure 2. Quantitative PCR analysis of ELK1 and GAPDH expression in Panc-1 cells transfected with control siRNAs (siCon) or siRNA targeting GAPDH (siGAPDH) or ELK1 (siELK1). Expression was normalized to -actin mRNA. Supplemental Figure 3. Comparison of endogenous miR-31 expression in HNPE-KRAS cells to the indicated PDAC cells lines infected with MSCV-empty vector (EV) or MSCV-miR-31 (miR-31). MiR-31 was detected by Taqman qPCR and normalized to U6 snRNA. Supplemental Figure 4. (A) Growth rates of BxPc3, Capan-1 and MiaPaCa2 cell lines infected with MSCV-empty vector (EV) or MSCV-miR-31 (miR-31) monitored over the indicated time course. Rate of growth measured by MTT assay (BxPc3) or percent confluency (Capan-1 and MiaPaCa2). (B) Western blot analysis of lysates from non-stimulated [-] or FBS stimulated [+] MiaPaCa2 and Capan-1 cell lines stably transfected with MSCV-empty vector (EV) or MSCV-miR- 31 (miR-31). pERK and ERK indicate phosphorylated and total ERK. pAKT and AKT indicate phosphorylated and total AKT, respectively. Supplemental Figure 5. Western blot analysis of RASA1 expression in isogenic HCT116 cells. Tubulin served as a protein loading control. Supplemental Figure 6. (A) Western blot analysis of lysates from non-stimulated [-] or FBS stimulated [+] MiaPaCa2 and Capan-1 cell lines transfected with control siRNA (siCon) or siRNA targeting RASA1 (siRASA1). pERK and ERK indicate phosphorylated and total ERK. pAKT and AKT indicate phosphorylated and total AKT, respectively. (B) Western blot analysis of flag- RASA1 expression in Panc-1 cells transfected with CMV-empty vector (EV) or CMV-flag-RASA1 (RASA1). Tubulin served as a protein loading control. Supplemental Table 1: Primer sequences. A list of all primers used in the study and their respective applications. Supplemental Table 2: ConSite analysis of transcription factor binding elements in the miR-31 promoter. Shown is a list of TF binding elements within the miR-31 proximal promoter. Transcription factors were analyzed for known involvement in KRAS-MAPK pathway. Supplemental Table 3: Analysis of potential miR-31 target genes. Shown are the 18 target genes from the intersection of 4 prediction algorithms and the representative number of conserved and non-conserved miR-31 binding sites (from Targetscan). Supplemental Table 4: Literature analysis of miR-31 invasion-migration publications.&lt;/p&gt;
Retracted: Control of Nanoparticle Release by Membrane Composition for Dual‐Responsive Nanocapsules (2019)

Stimulus-responsive polymeric nanocapsules usable as cell mimics can be engineered to precisely control cargo release. This work reports the release behavior of post-loaded nanoparticles through permeable membranes of stable pH and temperature dual-responsive polymeric nanocapsules (CP1, CP2, and CP3) with the same membrane thickness but different membrane composition, prepared by layer-by-layer assembly and surface-initiated single electron transfer living radical polymerization, respectively. These nanocapsules differ in their tunable membrane permeability for post-loaded nanoparticles as protein mimics, tailored by pH and temperature stimuli. Release mechanisms are dominated by membrane composition, such as polyelectrolyte multilayer membrane for CP1, pure cationic membrane for CP2, and valve-like functions for CP3. Thus, one can postulate the main locations of post-loaded protein mimics in the different nanocapsules. Understanding the post-loading and diffusion mechanism of nanoparticles through permeable membranes in cell mimics paves the way for the construction of new "smart" synthetic protocells with control over the exchange of bioactive nanoparticles between different compartments.
A reservation multiple access protocol for microcellular mobile-communication systems (1990)

A reservation multiple-access protocol for mobile communications in a microcellular environment is proposed and investigated under high-load conditions, both analytically and by simulation. The reservation scheme proposed uses a reservation channel of the slotted-ALOHA protocol type and an adaptive retransmission probability for stable operation. The capacity of the reservation channel varies with the load above a certain threshold (reservation capacity threshold); in that respect it is a compromise between the R-ALOHA and ALOHA-reservation protocols, both proposed for satellite communications, and the PRMA, an R-ALOHA-type protocol proposed for short-range mobile communication. The access delay is calculated and the optimum reservation capacity threshold is derived to minimize that delay, for specific load conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Self-Compacting Concrete (2003)

Self-compacting concrete was first developed in 1988 to achieve durable concrete structures. Since then, various investigations have been carried out and this type of concrete has been used in practical structures in Japan, mainly by large construction companies. Investigations for establishing a rational mix-design method and self-compactability testing methods have been carried out from the viewpoint of making self-compacting concrete a standard concrete.
1380. Technologies Involved in Configuring an Advanced Earth-To-Orbit Transport for Low Structural Mass (1980)

The current space shuttle is expected to adequately meet Government and industry needs for the transport of cargo to and from orbit well into the 1990's. However, continual study of potential follow-on shuttle systems is necessary and desirable in order to complement ongoing research in materials, structures, propulsion, aerodynamics, and other related areas. By studying alternate systems well in advance, it will be possible to explore the various technologies and develop those for which there is the greatest apparent payoff. In this paper a single-stage Earth-to-orbit transport designed for delivery of approximately 29,500 kg (65,000 lb) payload will be described. The vehicle, which takes off vertically and lands horizontally, is 60 m (197 feet) long and weighs approximately 1.8 Gg (4 M lb) at liftoff. In the interest of weight reduction, a simple body of revolution is utilized for the main body shell. In this design the main propulsion tanks serve as a primary load-carrying structure. Further, in order to minimize structural mass, the cargo bay is located between two of the main propellant tanks. The cargo volume, at 396 cu m (14,000 cu feet), exceeds that provided by the shuttle; but the bay itself is nonconforming in shape - being approximately 10 m (32 feet) in diameter by 5 m (17 feet) long. Dual-fuel propulsion is employed, since a number of studies have shown that (though lowering performance) the operation of hydrocarbon (RP) engines in parallel with LOX/LH2 engines results in a net reduction in the vehicle's physical size and structural mass. Other weight-saving features entail the extensive use of honeycomb sandwiches, advanced materials, and advanced fabrication techniques. The vehicle presented is utilized only as a means to study and identify various technologies needed in order to develop a low mass Earth-to-orbit transportation system for the future. The conclusion of this study is that vehicle geometry and structural/materials technology are critical to the development of efficient single-stage Earth-to-orbit transports.
Role of the Coagulation System in the Local and Systemic Inflammatory Response (1998)

Activation of the coagulation cascade during the inflammatory response is an essential component of the host response to infection. Coagulation represents a double-edged sword. Necessary for hemostasis and the acute containment of an infective focus, it also amplifies the inflammatory response, decreases bacterial clearance, and in the critically ill patient contributes to end-organ damage and death. Evidence for these concepts is found in the fact that critically ill and septic patients consistently demonstrate marked abnormalities in their biochemical indices of coagulation. Moreover, there is excellent experimental evidence to suggest that replacement or inhibition of individual coagulation factors, either consumed or up-regulated during the inflammatory response, can attenuate both local and systemic injury and protect animals from otherwise fatal outcomes. Based on these facts, novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of the systemic response to infection have been developed and tested in intensive care settings. Although promising results have been obtained, much work remains to be done in defining exactly which coagulation factors (or combination of factors) should be inhibited or replaced during treatment of the septic, critically ill patient. The experimental and clinical evidence linking the coagulation cascade to local and systemic inflammation is reviewed, and the status of the clinical trials performed to date is overviewed.