gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nested Reduction Algorithms for Generating a Rank-Minimized ℋ 2-Matrix From FMM for Electrically Large Analysis (2020)

In this work, we develop efficient algorithms to generate a rank-minimized <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -matrix to represent electrically large surface integral operators for a prescribed accuracy. We first generate an <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -matrix using the fast multipole method (FMM), and hence, the complexity for <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -construction is as low as O(NlogN) for solving electrically large surface integral equations. We then develop fast algorithms to convert the FMM-based <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -matrix whose rank is full asymptotically to a new <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -representation, whose rank is minimized based on accuracy. The proposed algorithms cost O(k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) in time for each cluster in cluster basis generation and O(k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) in memory, where k is the minimal rank of the cluster basis required by accuracy. When the rank of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -matrix is a constant, the complexity of the proposed algorithms is O(N) in both time and memory consumption. When the rank is a variable dependent on electrical size, the total complexity can be evaluated based on the rank's behavior. The resultant rank-minimized <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -matrix has been employed to accelerate both iterative and direct solutions. Numerical experiments on large-scale surface integral equation-based scattering analysis have demonstrated its accuracy and efficiency.
Fungal Diversity and Dynamics during Grape Wine Fermentations with Different Sulfite Levels and Yeast Inoculations (2021)

Microbial communities during grape wine fermentations are diverse and dynamic. High-throughput sequencing (molecular methods enabling precise identification of microbial communities) was used to identify fungal diversity during fermentation of grape juice with different sulfite levels and yeast inoculations. Fermentation (0, 14, and 21 days) was evaluated in two grape varieties, Noble (<i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>) and Vignoles (<i>Vitis</i> hybrid), fermented at three sulfite levels (0, 10, and 20 mg/L) with three yeast inoculations (uninoculated, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, and <i>Torulaspora delbrueckii</i>). Fungal taxonomy of both varieties included six to seven phyla and 115 to 129 genera. The indigenous microbiota was affected by sulfite level and yeast inoculation and varied by grape variety. Sulfite levels had minimal effect on fungal communities but did affect fermentation dynamics. Increasing sulfite additions did not affect the fermentation performance of <i>S. cerevisiae</i> but did affect the fermentation of uninoculated juice and <i>T. delbrueckii</i>-inoculated juice. The primary fungal genera (<i>Podosphaera</i>, <i>Candida</i>, <i>Phialemoniopsis</i>, and <i>Meyerozyma</i>)—those present at a relative abundance &gt;1%—were the same for both varieties but at different relative abundance. Similar fungal diversity patterns were observed for both varieties, with a decrease in diversity at day 14 and an increase at day 21 of fermentation. Juices inoculated with <i>T. delbrueckii</i> were rapidly colonized by <i>Torulaspora</i> spp. at day 0 for both varieties, whereas <i>Saccharomyces</i> spp. dominated by day 14 when inoculated with <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, especially in Noble. The most abundant genera in uninoculated juice were <i>Hanseniaspora</i> and <i>Zygoascus</i> for Noble and <i>Hanseniaspora</i> and <i>Saccharomyces</i> for Vignoles. Understanding grape juice microbial communities and the dynamics of these communities during fermentation provides insight for wine production using spontaneous fermentations or non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> species and information on the effect of sulfur dioxide on these novel fermentations.
Reemergence of yellow fever in Ethiopia after 50 years, 2013: epidemiological and entomological investigations (2017)

The investigation revealed that YF outbreak was reemerged after 50 years in Ethiopia. Vaccination should be given for the affected and neighboring districts and Case based surveillance should be initiated to detect every case.
Development of precision machining and inspection technology for structural ceramics (1997)

Finish machining operations contribute the majority of the costs associated with fabricating high quality ceramic products. These components are typically used in harsh environments such as diesel engines, the defense industry, and automotive applications. The required finishing operations involve a variety of technology areas including process controls, process analysis, product certification, etc. and are not limited only to component grinding methods. The broad range of manufacturing problem solving expertise available in Oak Ridge provided resources that were far beyond what is available to the Coors manufacturing sites. Coors contributed equipment, such as the computer controls and part handling mechanisms associated with a state-of-the-art inspection machine plus operation-specific experience base. In addition, addressing these challenging tasks enabled Oak Ridge personnel to maintain familarity with rapidly advancing technologies, such as those associated with machine vision equipment, process monitoring techniques, and computer control systems.
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the Fc gamma RIII(CD16): zeta complex in human natural killer cells. Induction by antibody-dependent cytotoxicity but not by natural killing (1991)

NK cells are large granular lymphocytes capable of killing certain tumor cells and virally infected cells in a non-MHC-restricted manner. NK cells can also effect an antibody dependent cytotoxicity that is triggered by CD16, an FcR for IgG. In NK cells, CD16 is expressed in association with zeta, a signal transducing subunit of the TCR complex. Here we show that, just as T cell activation via the TCR complex results in tyrosine phosphorylation of zeta TCR, NK cell activation via CD16 results in tyrosine phosphorylation of zeta NK. Whereas antibody-dependent cytotoxicity also results in tyrosine phosphorylation of zeta, natural cytotoxicity does not. Our results indicate that zeta functions as a transducing element for antibody dependent, but not antibody independent killing by NK cells. Consequently, NK cells are likely to express at least two distinct receptor complexes capable of triggering cytolytic effector function.
Quantitative plaque analysis with A.I.-augmented CCTA in end-stage renal disease and complex CAD (2022)

Our study provides novel insight into ESRD plaque phenotypes and demonstrates that artificial-intelligence augmented CCTA analysis is feasible for CAD characterization despite severe calcification. We demonstrate elevated plaque burden and stenosis caused by predominantly non-calcified-plaque. Furthermore, the quantity of calcified-plaques increased with age, with men exhibiting increased number of 2-feature plaques and higher plaque volumes. Artificial-intelligence augmented CCTA analysis of APCs may be a promising metric for cardiac risk stratification and warrants further prospective investigation.
Native cation vacancies in Si-doped AlGaN studied by monoenergetic positron beams (2012)

Native defects in Si-doped AlGaN grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy were probed by monoenergetic positron beams. Doppler broadening spectra of the annihilation radiation and positron lifetimes were measured, and these were compared with results obtained using first-principles calculation. For Si-doped AlxGa1−xN (4 × 1017 Si/cm3), the vacancy-type defects were introduced at above x = 0.54, and this was attributed to the transition of the growth mode to the Stranski-Krastanov mechanism from the Frank-van der Merwe mechanism. For Si-doped Al0.6Ga0.4N, the vacancy concentration increased with increasing Si concentration, and the major defect species was identified as Al vacancies. A clear correlation between the suppression of cathodoluminescence and the defect concentration was obtained, suggesting the cation vacancies act as nonradiative centers in AlGaN.
Supplemental figure 3 from Sensitizing B- and T- cell Lymphoma Cells to Paclitaxel/Abraxane–Induced Death by AS101 via Inhibition of the VLA-4–IL10–Survivin Axis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S3. The T127 and Jurkat human T leukemic cells that do not secrete IL-10 are not sensitized by AS101 to Paclitaxel-induced death.&lt;/p&gt;
Improved GMPHD tracker with delayed decision (2010)

The Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density (GMPHD) filter was proposed to estimate the time-varying number of targets and their states, and GMPHD tracker even gives the identities of individual target state estimates, by recording the evolution of each Gaussian mixture component based GMPHD filter. However, in the presence of high density clutter and severe miss-detection, GMPHD tracker in the existing literature still has more or less defects, such as providing discontinuous track, or unsmooth track. In this paper, we propose and realize an improved GMPHD tracker with delayed decision, which implements a novel pruning and estimating scheme reducing the computational load and simultaneously provides more accurate target numbers and state estimates by a back scheme.
A Fast, Validated HPLC Method Applied to the Dissolution Test of Gastro‐Resistant Capsules of Pantoprazole Pellets (2007)

Abstract A fast and simple liquid chromatographic method has been developed for determination of pantoprazole in delayed release gastro‐resistant capsules employing a reverse‐phase column, mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile‐water (75:25), flow rate 1.0 mL min−1 and 290 nm detection. Selectivity, accuracy, linearity, intra‐ and inter‐day precision were evaluated. The method is not affected by the pellets excipients or induced acid degradation products. Linearity ranged from 2.0–18.0 µg mL−1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for intra‐day and inter‐day precision varied from 0.92–2.00%. Capsules analysis resulted in 93.48–105.15% of the labeled pantoprazole amount. Recoveries after spiking pellets with pantoprazole ranged from 96.27–102.87%. Keywords: PantoprazoleLiquid chromatographyQuality controlGastro‐resistant pelletsDissolutionCapsules
Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinase-like 2 in cognitive function required for contextual and spatial learning in mice (2010)

Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 2 (Cdkl2) is a cdc2-related serine/threonine protein kinase that is postnatally expressed in various brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and dorsal thalamus. The extremely high Cdkl2 expression in these regions suggests that it has a role in cognition and emotion. Recent genetic studies indicate that mutations of Cdkl family kinases are associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders in humans. To elucidate the physiologic role of Cdkl2, we behaviorally analyzed Cdkl2(LacZ/LacZ) mice lacking Cdkl2. Cdkl2(LacZ/LacZ) mice had reduced latencies to enter the dark compartment after electric footshock in an inhibitory avoidance task and attenuated contextual fear responses when exposed to mild training conditions. Hippocampal spatial learning in the Morris water maze was slightly anomalous with mice exhibiting an abnormal swimming pattern. The aversive response in a two-way avoidance task was slightly, but not significantly, enhanced. On the other hand, Cdkl2(LacZ/LacZ) mice did not exhibit altered sensitivity to aversive stimuli, such as electric footshock and heat, or deficits in the elevated plus maze or rotating rod test. These findings suggest that Cdkl2 is involved in cognitive function and provide in vivo evidence for the function of Cdkl family kinases expressed in terminally differentiated neurons in mice.
Advanced methods for calculating quadrature errors of MEMS gyroscopes (2013)

MEMS vibratory angular rate sensors use the working principle of coupling a drive vibration mode with an orthogonal sense mode via Coriolis force. The parasitic coupling between the two eigenmodes caused by fabrication tolerances is called quadrature. Former work modeled quadrature effects between drive and detection mode by only adding a coupling term in the stiffness matrix. The new method is adding an inertial coupling term to the system mass matrix. This leads to a large decrease of the calculation time in combination with a higher accuracy.
Solid-State Thermolytic Epimerization and Polymerization of (+)-Catechin and (−)-Epicatechin Proceed through Quinone Methide Intermediates (2008)

A mechanism involving a quinone methide intermediate is proposed for the thermally driven epimerization and polymerization reactions of solid-state catechin and epicatechin. Epimerization of catechin to epicatechin maximized after heating at 180 degrees C for 30 min (0.76:1, epicatechin/catechin ratio), whereas maximum epicatechin to catechin epimerization occurred after heating at 250 degrees C for 2 min at a ratio of 1.34:1 (catechin/epicatechin). These results imply that the conversion of epicatechin to catechin is the thermodynamically favored process. Conversion to nonepimerized products was optimal (99%) after 8 min at 220 degrees C for catechin and after 2 min at 265 degrees C for epicatechin (99.8%). Pyrocatechol was identified by HPLC as a degradation product in both catechin and epicatechin. Heating catechin at 220 degrees C for 8 min produced a 5-fold increase in chromatographic peak area at 450 nm, indicative of quinone methide formation that was thermally stable over time and degraded in the presence of sodium borohydride.
Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: Evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging. (1998)

To examine putative brain substrates of cognitive functions differentially affected by age the authors measured the volume of cortical regions and performance on tests of executive functions, working memory, explicit memory, and priming in healthy adults (18-77 years old). The results indicate that shrinkage of the prefrontal cortex mediates age-related increases in perseveration. The volume of visual processing areas predicted performance on nonverbal working memory tasks. Contrary to the hypotheses, in the examined age range, the volume of limbic structures was unrelated to any of the cognitive functions; verbal working memory, verbal explicit memory, and verbal priming were independent of cortical volumes. Nevertheless, among the participants aged above 60, reduction in the volume of limbic structures predicted declines in explicit memory. Chronological age adversely influenced all cognitive indices, although its effects on priming were only indirect, mediated by declines in verbal working memory.
Anomeric Fatty Acid Functionalization Prevents Nonenzymatic S-Glycosylation by Monosaccharide Metabolic Chemical Reporters (2021)

Metabolic chemical reports have fundamentally changed the way researchers study glycosylation. However, when administered as per-<i>O</i>-acetylated sugars, reporter molecules can participate in nonspecific chemical labeling of cysteine residues termed <i>S</i>-glycosylation. Without detailed proteomic analyses, these labeling events can be indistinguishable from bona fide enzymatic labeling convoluting experimental results. Here, we report a solution in the synthesis and characterization of two reporter molecules functionalized at the anomeric position with hexanoic acid: 1-Hex-GlcNAlk and 1-Hex-6AzGlcNAc. Both reporters exhibit robust labeling over background with negligible amounts of nonspecific chemical labeling in cell lysates. This strategy serves as a template for the design of future reporter molecules allowing for more reliable interpretation of results.
BLSURF - Mailleur de surfaces composées de carreaux paramétrés - Manuel d'utilisation (1999)

Ce rapport technique décrit les fonctionnalités du mailleur automatique surfacique BLSURF. Ce logiciel génère le maillage d'une surface composée de plusieurs carreaux paramétrés, en respectant un champ de tailles spécifiées- . À cette fin, les fonctions analytiques définissant la surface, ainsi que leurs dérivées premières et éventuellement secondes, devront être fournies de manière externe (par exemple par un système de CAO). En outre, chaque carreau sera décrit à partir de son domaine de paramètres 2D. La méthode utilisée est basée sur une approche incrémentale de Delaunay adaptée à une métrique riemannienne.
Optical Factors in Judgments of Size through an Aperture (1990)

An expression is derived relating retinal image size to object size when the object is seen through a pupil forming an aperture stop for the eye. The image size is related to object position, pupil position, and state of accommodation of the eye on the assumption that the chief ray determines the image of an out-of-focus object. Data obtained by Biersdorf and Baird agree with the expression. The expression is used as the basis of a quantitative discussion of Hennessy's informal experiment and Roscoe's zoom lens hypothesis.
Montmorillonite Clay Catalysis. Part 2.1 An Efficient and Convenient Procedure for the Preparation of Acetals catalysed by Montmorillonite K-10 (1997)

T. Li, S. Li, J. Li and H. Li, J. Chem. Res. (S), 1997, 26 DOI: 10.1039/A605661J
Coordinate transcriptional regulation of type I procollagen genes by Rous sarcoma virus. (1981)

Chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with a strain of Rous sarcoma virus containing a temperature-sensitive mutation in the gene coding for pp60src, a protein kinase, undergo changes in collagen synthesis within 4 h after a temperature shift. Cells shifted from the restrictive to the permissive temperature for transformation show decreasing levels of collagen synthesis and increasing levels of kinase activity; the reverse occurs when infected cells are shifted from the permissive to the restrictive temperature. Levels of type I procollagen mRNAs coding for pro alpha 1 and pro alpha 2 chains, measured by hybridization to nick-translated cloned alpha 1 and alpha 2 cDNA, decreased simultaneously soon after a reduction in temperature and reached a new steady state at about 50 h after the shift. In order to test for regulation at the transcriptional level, nuclei were isolated from normal and Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts and allowed to transcribe in the presence of [alpha-32P]UTP. Procollagen mRNA sequences in newly synthesized and in total RNA from transformed cell preparations were both about 5-fold lower than the levels in normal cell preparations. We conclude that the coordinate decrease in procollagen mRNAs observed in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts is caused primarily by a decrease in the transcription of the type I procollagen genes, a decrease which is directly or indirectly mediated by the pp60src protein kinase.
Adaptive multistage weighted order statistic filters based on the backpropagation algorithm (1994)

As a concise representation of stack filters, multistage weighted-order statistic (MWOS) filters are introduced, which correspond to multistage threshold logic gates or multilayer perceptrons in the binary domain. Two adaptive algorithms are derived for finding optimal MWOS filters under the mean absolute error criterion and the mean square error criterion, respectively. Experimental results from image enhancement are provided to compare the performance of adaptive MWOS filters and adaptive stack filters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fatigue Life Prediction of the Vulcanized Natural Rubber (2005)

Fatigue lifetime prediction methodology of the vulcanized natural rubber was proposed by incorporating the finite element analysis and fatigue damage parameter determined from fatigue test. Finite element analysis of 3D dumbbell specimen of natural rubber was performed based on a hyper-elastic material model determined from the tension, compression and shear tests. Stroke controlled fatigue tests were conducted using fatigue specimens at different levels of mean strain. The Green-Lagrange strain at the critical location determined from the FEM was used for evaluating the fatigue damaged parameter of the natural rubber. It was shown that the maximum Green-Lagrange strain was proper damage parameter, taking the mean strain effects into account. Fatigue lives of the natural rubber are predicted by using the fatigue damage parameters at the critical location. Predicted fatigue lives of the natural rubber agreed fairly well the experimental fatigue lives a factor of two.
Optical properties of InGaN/GaN nanocolumns in yellow‐to‐red region (2012)

Abstract The optical properties of InGaN/GaN multiple‐quantum‐well (MQW) nanocolumns whose emission wavelength is in the yellow‐to‐red region (2.1 ∼ 2.3 eV) have been investigated using time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The analysis of the PL decay curves using a stretched exponential function shows that the radiative and nonradiative rates in the red region are almost the same as those in the yellow region. Long‐lived migrating carriers also contribute the strong PL intensity in the red region. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Eliminating small stopping sets in irregular low-density parity-check codes (2009)

We present a novel scheme to eliminate small stopping sets in irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. By adding several new check nodes and having their edges connected to small stopping sets in the original code, the improved code decreases the number of small stopping sets efficiently. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme decreases the frame error rate (FER) significantly in the error floor region, whereas having almost the same rate as the original code.