gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acetabular dysplasia after treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (2004)

Untreated acetabular dysplasia following treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) leads to early degenerative joint disease. Clinicians must accurately and reliably recognise dysplasia in order to intervene appropriately with secondary acetabular or femoral procedures. This study sought early predictors of residual dysplasia in order to establish empirically-based indications for treatment. DDH treated by closed or open reduction alone was reviewed. Residual hip dysplasia was defined according to the Severin classification at skeletal maturity. Future hip replacement in a subset of these patients was compared with the Severin classification. Serial measurements of acetabular development and subluxation of the femoral head were collected, as were the age at reduction, type of reduction, and Tonnis grade prior to reduction. These variables were used to predict the Severin classification. The mean age at reduction in 72 hips was 16 months (1 to 46). On the final radiograph, 47 hips (65%) were classified as Severin I/II, and 25 as Severin III/IV (35%). At 40 years after reduction, five of 43 hips (21%) had had a total hip replacement (THR). The Severin grade was predictive for THR. Early measurements of the acetabular index (AI) were predictive for Severin grade. For example, an AI of 35 degrees or more at two years after reduction was associated with an 80% probability of becoming a Severin grade III/IV hip. This study links early acetabular remodelling, residual dysplasia at skeletal maturity and the long-term risk of THR. It presents evidence describing the diagnostic value of early predictors of residual dysplasia, and therefore, of the long-term risk of degenerative change.
CT derived radiomic score for predicting the added benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery in stage I, II resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective multicohort study for outcome prediction (2020)

National Cancer Institute of the US National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, US Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Service, Department of Defence, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Wallace H Coulter Foundation, Case Western Reserve University, and Dana Foundation.
Presenting native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers on ferritin nanoparticles improves their immunogenicity (2015)

This or other nanoparticle designs may be practical ways to improve the immunogenicity of envelope glycoprotein trimers.
Das Aneurysma spurium nach Myokardinfarkt (1982)

False aneurysms of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction arae the result of perforation, which usually require early surgical treatment. The clinical features are not characteristic. The chest x-ray may provide important evidence for the diagnosis. Non-invasive diagnosis is possible by means of echocardiography and computer tomography; it is confirmed by angiocardiography. The authors experience with nine cases is described.
Fiber-Coupled Fluorescence Affinity Sensor for 3-Day in Vivo Glucose Sensing (2007)

Overall, the chronic in vivo performance of the FAS in two different animal models over 3 days was clinically acceptable and comparable to other continuous glucose monitoring platforms. The major benefit of the FAS is the absence of "autodestructive" side products and any device-related warm-up time after sensor reconnection.
Spin diffusion effects in partially spin–lattice relaxed NMR spectra of solid block copolymers (1977)

Room-temperature proton NMR measurements of 65 wt % poly(dimethylsiloxane) (DMS) and 35 wt % bisphenol-A polycarbonate (BPAC) block copolymers with number average DMS block lengths ranging from 20 to 100 monomer units have shown effects which can be explained in terms of a gradient of net spin population along the DMS blocks during recovery from a nonselective 180° spin inverting pulse. This gradient occurs because the spin–lattice relaxation of the BPAC component is faster than that of the DMS component and spin diffusion takes place along the DMS blocks to the BPAC, causing spins at the centers of the DMS blocks to relax slower than those at the ends. High-resolution solid NMR spectra were obtained with a multiple-pulse technique, which permitted independent measurements of the DMS and BPAC relaxations. Unusual line shapes in partially relaxed broadline spectra were interpreted as being caused by enhanced motional narrowing of the protons at the centers of the DMS blocks in addition to the gradient of net spin population along the DMS blocks. The results of a spin diffusion model, which was developed to aid interpretation of the experimental results, were in quantiative agreement with the data. This model fits the data only if the diffusion process is limited by diffusion along the length of the DMS blocks and not by a single diffusion barrier between the DMS and BPAC blocks.
Detection of Differentially Expressed Cleavage Site Intervals Within 3′ Untranslated Regions Using CSI-UTR Reveals Regulated Interaction Motifs (2019)

The length of untranslated regions at the 3' end of transcripts (3'UTRs) is regulated by alternate polyadenylation (APA). 3'UTRs contain regions that harbor binding motifs for regulatory molecules. However, the mechanisms that coordinate the 3'UTR length of specific groups of transcripts are not well-understood. We therefore developed a method, CSI-UTR, that models 3'UTR structure as tandem segments between functional alternative-polyadenylation sites (termed cleavage site intervals-CSIs). This approach facilitated (1) profiling of 3'UTR isoform expression changes and (2) statistical enrichment of putative regulatory motifs. CSI-UTR analysis is UTR-annotation independent and can interrogate legacy data generated from standard RNA-Seq libraries. CSI-UTR identified a set of CSIs in human and rodent transcriptomes. Analysis of RNA-Seq datasets from neural tissue identified differential expression events within 3'UTRs not detected by standard gene-based differential expression analyses. Further, in many instances 3'UTR and CDS from the same gene were regulated differently. This modulation of motifs for RNA-interacting molecules with potential condition-dependent and tissue-specific RNA binding partners near the polyA signal and CSI junction may play a mechanistic role in the specificity of alternative polyadenylation. Source code, CSI BED files and example datasets are available at: https://github.com/UofLBioinformatics/CSI-UTR.
Single-particle tracking of murine polyoma virus-like particles on live cells and artificial membranes (2005)

The lateral mobility of individual murine polyoma virus-like particles (VLPs) bound to live cells and artificial lipid bilayers was studied by single fluorescent particle tracking using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The particle trajectories were analyzed in terms of diffusion rates and modes of motion as described by the moment scaling spectrum. Although VLPs bound to their ganglioside receptor in lipid bilayers exhibited only free diffusion, analysis of trajectories on live 3T6 mouse fibroblasts revealed three distinct modes of mobility: rapid random motion, confined movement in small zones (30-60 nm in diameter), and confined movement in zones with a slow drift. After binding to the cell surface, particles typically underwent free diffusion for 5-10 s, and then they were confined in an actin filament-dependent manner without involvement of clathrin-coated pits or caveolae. Depletion of cholesterol dramatically reduced mobility of VLPs independently of actin, whereas inhibition of tyrosine kinases had no effect on confinement. The results suggested that clustering of ganglioside molecules by the multivalent VLPs induced transmembrane coupling that led to confinement of the virus/receptor complex by cortical actin filaments.
Persistent poliovirus infection in mouse motoneurons (1997)

Poliovirus (PV) is the causal agent of paralytic poliomyelitis. Many survivors of the acute disease, after decades of clinical stability, develop new muscular symptoms called postpolio syndrome. It has been hypothesized that the persistence of PV in the spinal cord is involved in the etiology of this syndrome. To investigate the ability of PV to persist in the spinal cord after the onset of paralysis, we exploited a mouse model in which most animals inoculated with a mouse-adapted mutant survived after the onset of paralysis. Light microscopy and ultrastructural immunohistochemical studies and reverse transcription followed by nested PCR performed on spinal cord from paralyzed mice demonstrated that PV persisted in the mouse spinal cord for at least 12 months after the onset of paralysis. This mouse model provides a new tool for studying poliomyelitis evolution after the onset of paralysis.
In situ Raman spectra of the three redox forms of heptylviologen at platinum and silver electrodes: counterion effects (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ Raman spectra of the three redox forms of heptylviologen at platinum and silver electrodes: counterion effectsTianhong. Lu and Therese M. CottonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 23, 5978–5985Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100307a033https://doi.org/10.1021/j100307a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of the influenza hemagglutinin gene product expressed by DNA-mediated gene transfer. (1984)

We have used the technique of DNA-mediated gene transfer to examine cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) recognition of the product of the cloned A/JAPAN/305/57 hemagglutinin (HA) gene in murine (L929) cells. Using both heterogeneous and homogeneous (clonal) populations of type A influenza-specific CTL, we have demonstrated that the HA molecule can serve as a target antigen for both the subtype-specific and the cross-reactive subpopulations of influenza-specific CTL. Our results also raise the possibility that other virus-specified polypeptides may serve as target molecules for cross-reactive CTL.
Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering with N‐Acyl functionalized ManNAc analogs: Cytotoxicity, metabolic flux, and glycan‐display considerations (2011)

Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) is a maturing technology capable of modifying cell surface sugars in living cells and animals through the biosynthetic installation of non-natural monosaccharides into the glycocalyx. A particularly robust area of investigation involves the incorporation of azide functional groups onto the cell surface, which can then be further derivatized using "click chemistry." While considerable effort has gone into optimizing the reagents used for the azide ligation reactions, less optimization of the monosaccharide analogs used in the preceding metabolic incorporation steps has been done. This study fills this void by reporting novel butanoylated ManNAc analogs that are used by cells with greater efficiency and less cytotoxicity than the current "gold standard," which are peracetylated compounds such as Ac₄ ManNAz. In particular, tributanoylated, N-acetyl, N-azido, and N-levulinoyl ManNAc analogs with the high flux 1,3,4-O-hydroxyl pattern of butanoylation were compared with their counterparts having the pro-apoptotic 3,4,6-O-butanoylation pattern. The results reveal that the ketone-bearing N-levulinoyl analog 3,4,6-O-Bu₃ ManNLev is highly apoptotic, and thus is a promising anti-cancer drug candidate. By contrast, the azide-bearing analog 1,3,4-O-Bu₃ ManNAz effectively labeled cellular sialoglycans at concentrations ∼3- to 5-fold lower (e.g., at 12.5-25 µM) than Ac₄ ManNAz (50-150 µM) and exhibited no indications of apoptosis even at concentrations up to 400 µM. In summary, this work extends emerging structure activity relationships that predict the effects of short chain fatty acid modified monosaccharides on mammalian cells and also provides a tangible advance in efforts to make MOE a practical technology for the medical and biotechnology communities.
Reversible five-component assembly of a [2]catenane from a chiral metallomacrocycle and a dinaphtho-crown ether (1998)

Addition of a dinaphtho-crown ether to the components of a chiral metallomacrocycle affords a [2]catenane as the exclusive thermodynamic product; the reversible assembly process is driven by a combination of zinc(II)–bipyridyl ligation and π-donor/π-acceptor interactions between the electronically complementary aromatic components.
Recurrence pattern after neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared to surgery alone in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. (2016)

374 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has better survival benefit than radical cystectomy (RC) alone. However, recurrences still occur in many cases and recurrent disease is the most lethal factor associated with death in MIBC. On the other hand, the rate and pattern of recurrences after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in MIBC patients remains unclear. Methods: Eligible patients had histologically confirmed stage T2-T4a muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder without lymph node or distant metastasis in this study. The cohort of neoadjuvant group consists of 130 patients with MIBC. The cohort of RC alone group includes 135 patients with MIBC treated with RC and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection between May 1994 and July 2007. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for potential selection biases associated with treatment type. Recurrence site was defined as local, LN (lymph nodes), and distant metastases. Results: Propensity score-matched analysis indicated 130 matched pairs from both groups. The 5-year overall survival rate was 91% for neoadjuvant GCarbo versus 49% for RC alone group (P &lt; 0.0001). The disease-free survival rate was 87% for neoadjuvant GCarbo versus 57% for surgery alone (P &lt; 0.0001). The distant metastases were comparable in both groups. The total number of local recurrences or LN mets was markedly decreased in neoadjuvant GCarbo compared with RC alone cohort. Conclusions: The MIBC patients treated with neoadjuvant GCarbo achieved an improved oncological outcome with a different recurrence pattern compared to RC alone.
Polymer-based acoustic streaming for improving mixing and reaction times in microfluidic applications (2013)

This paper reports on a polymer-based piezoelectric transducer used in microfluidic structures for generating acoustic waves, and consequently, the acoustic streaming phenomenon, that will improve the mixing of fluids. The piezoelectric transducer is based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), P(VDF-TrFE), copolymer with conductive transparent electrodes of aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO). The efficiency of the optimized piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) transducer on mixing fluids was studied using two diagnostic kits for the quantification of uric acid and nitrite in blood. In both cases, acoustic streaming reduced the reaction time for the quantification of each biomolecule when compared to the reaction time achieved only by diffusion, with gains of 23% and of 32% for the uric acid and nitrite, respectively. These results contribute to increase the efficiency in fluid mixing and therefore to improve the overall performance of miniaturized analysis systems.
Hot electron gate current and degradation in P-channel SOI MOSFETs (2002)

I/sub G/ in P-channel SOI (silicon-on-insulator) MOSFETs is modeled and device degradation is characterized. It is found that E/sub m/ is about the same as in bulk devices. The SOI devices used in this study were p/sup +/ polysilicon gate P-channel MOSFETs fabricated using a modified submicron CMOS technology on SIMOX (Separation by IMplanted OXygen) wafers. It is shown that the peak degradation of both I/sub D/ and G/sub m/ occurs close to the I/sub g/ peak. This indicates that electron injection is the dominant mechanism for PMOS degradation in SOI and similar to bulk PMOS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract 17780: Pulmonary Arterial Aldosterone Levels Associate with Impaired Cardiac Reserve Capacity During Exercise in Left Ventricular Systolic Heart Failure Patients (2014)

Elevated pulmonary arterial aldosterone levels (PA-ALDO) are associated with decreased exercise capacity in pulmonary hypertension patients despite normal left ventricular (LV) function. Pulmonary endothelial ALDO synthesis occurs in vitro under experimental conditions akin to LV systolic heart failure (HFrEF); however, the relevance of PA-ALDO to the clinical profile of HFrEF is not known. Therefore, we analyzed PA and radial arterial plasma in control and HFrEF patients to assess for transpulmonary ALDO release and determine if circulating ALDO is related to hemodynamic indices of cardiac reserve capacity during exercise. Data from 20 controls (51 ± 13 y, 13 females, LVEF=0.66 ± 0.9, volume of oxygen uptake at peak exercise [pVO2]=94.1 ± 11.5 % predicted) and 42 consecutive HFrEF patients (57 ± 13 y, 20 females, LVEF=0.36 ± 0.1, pVO2=47.1 ± 2.5 % predicted) undergoing invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing were analyzed. At rest, HFrEF patients had increased PA-ALDO (714 ± 450 vs. 380 ± 187 ng/dl, P&lt;0.001) and radial ALDO levels (796 ± 483 vs. 371 ± 175 ng/dl, P&lt;0.001) compared to controls. Transpulmonary ALDO release (radial ALDO - PA-ALDO) was increased significantly in HFrEF at rest (+82 ± 20, P=0.02) and a trend was present with exercise (+62 ± 21, P=0.08). Although in controls, transpulmonary ALDO release levels were not significantly increased at rest (-9 ± 8, P=NS) or with exercise (+48 ± 13, P=NS), levels differed significantly between groups at rest and exercise (P&lt;0.05 for both). By contrast, an incremental increase at peak exercise was present in PA-ALDO by 16.3% (P&lt;0.01) and 9.2% (P&lt;0.02) for controls and HFrEF patients, respectively, but there was no significant change in levels between groups. We next explored the relationship between ALDO and cardiovascular reserve capacity measures. After controlling for age and weight in the overall cohort, resting PA-ALDO levels correlated with pVO2 (Spearman coefficient -0.37, P&lt;0.01), peak cardiac output (-0.36, P&lt;0.01), and resting mean PA pressure (0.36, P&lt;0.01). Collectively, these findings identify transpulmonary ALDO release as a novel characteristic of HFrEF and suggest that increased PA-ALDO in patients merits further investigation as a potential marker of impaired cardiac reserve capacity.
Cases 11, 12, and 13 (1977)

Self-assessment case studies illustrating prudent selection of antimicrobial agents in recurrent urinary tract infection, urinary frequency in a diabetic, and urinary tract infection without significant bacteriuria
The virology, epidemiology, and clinical impact of West Nile virus: a decade of advancements in research since its introduction into the Western Hemisphere (2011)

West Nile virus (WNV) is now endemic in the USA. After the widespread surge of virus activity across the USA, research has flourished, and our knowledge base has significantly expanded over the past 10 years since WNV was first recognized in New York City. This article provides a review of the virology of WNV, history, epidemiology, clinical features, pathology of infection, the innate and adaptive immune response, host risk factors for developing severe disease, clinical sequelae following severe disease, chronic infection, and the future of prevention.
Second generation optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (2011)

We developed a second-generation optical-resolution photoacoustic microscope (OR-PAM) with a novel acoustic detection scheme, which improved upon the sensitivity of our first-generation system by 18 dB. Moreover, translating the imaging head instead of the living object improved the scanning speed by a factor of 5, widening the field of view within the same acquisition time. The anatomy and hemoglobin oxygen saturation of an entire mouse ear was imaged in vivo.
A Comprehensive Review on Surface Modifications of Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Implant Alloy: Polymer Coatings Opportunities and Challenges (2021)

The development of biodegradable implants is certainly intriguing, and magnesium and its alloys are considered significant among the various biodegradable materials. Nevertheless, the fast degradation, the generation of a significant amount of hydrogen gas, and the escalation in the pH value of the body solution are significant barriers to their use as an implant material. The appropriate approach is able to solve this issue, resulting in a decrease the rate of Mg degradation, which can be accomplished by alloying, surface adjustment, and mechanical treatment. Surface modification is a practical option because it not only improves corrosion resistance but also prepares a treated surface to improve bone regeneration and cell attachment. Metal coatings, ceramic coatings, and permanent polymers were shown to minimize degradation rates, but inflammation and foreign body responses were also suggested. In contrast to permanent materials, the bioabsorbable polymers normally show the desired biocompatibility. In order to improve the performance of drugs, they are generally encapsulated in biodegradable polymers. This study summarized the most recent advancements in manufacturing polymeric coatings on Mg alloys. The related corrosion resistance enhancement strategies and future potentials are discussed. Ultimately, the major challenges and difficulties are presented with aim of the development of polymer-coated Mg-based implant materials.
Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design (1988)

Broad and up-to-date coverage of the principles and practice in the fast moving area of Distributed Systems. Distributed Systems provides students of computer science and engineering with the skills they will need to design and maintain software for distributed applications. It will also be invaluable to software engineers and systems designers wishing to understand new and future developments in the field. From mobile phones to the Internet, our lives depend increasingly on distributed systems linking computers and other devices together in a seamless and transparent way. The fifth edition of this best-selling text continues to provide a comprehensive source of material on the principles and practice of distributed computer systems and the exciting new developments based on them, using a wealth of modern case studies to illustrate their design and development. The depth of coverage will enable readers to evaluate existing distributed systems and design new ones.