gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dietary Organic Phosphorus on Magnesium Metabolism in Sheep (1967)

Three mineral balance trials were conducted with eight yearling wethers to study the effect of dietary organic phosphorus on magnesium metabolism in sheep fed purified rations containing two dietary magnesium levels. Four purified rations, containing the following magnesium levels and forms of phosphorus, were fed: (1) 0.13% magnesium, inorganic phosphorus; (2) 0.26% magnesium, inorganic phosphorus; (3) 0.13% magnesium, organic phosphorus; (4) 0.26% magnesium, organic phosphorus. Inorganic phosphorus was supplied as the monobasic and dibasic salts of sodium phosphate, and organic phosphorus as phytic acid. All rations contained approximately 0.4% calcium and phosphorus. The form of dietary phosphorus had no significant effect on absorption and retention of magnesium and calcium, and on absorption of phosphorus. Phosphorus retention was higher (P<.01) for the inorganic phosphorus rations. Magnesium absorption was significantly (P<.01) higher for the high-magnesium (0.26%) rations, when expressed as grams per day, but not when expressed as percentage of intake. Magnesium retention, expressed as grams per day or percentage of intake, was higher (P<.01) for the high-magnesium rations. Blood serum magnesium values decreased from the beginning to the end of trials in sheep fed the low-magnesium rations and increased in those fed the high-magnesium rations (P<.01).The decrease in serum magnesium levels for the low-magnesium rations and the increase for the high-magnesium rations were greater when inorganic phosphorus was fed than when organic phosphorus was fed (magnesium level × phosphorus form interaction was significant) Blood serum calcium and inorganic phophorus level were not significantly affected by form of phosphorus or magnesium level.
Branching morphogenesis and kidney disease (2004)

Branching morphogenesis in the kidney is a tightly regulated, complex process and its disruption potentially can lead to a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from rare hereditary syndromes to common conditions such as hypertension and chronic kidney failure. This review synthesizes data on branching during kidney development derived from in vitro and in vivo rodent studies and to apply them to human diseases. It discusses how the broad organization of molecular interactions during kidney development might provide a mechanistic framework for understanding disorders related to aberrant branching.
Retinoid X receptor acts as a hormone receptor in vivo to induce a key metabolic enzyme for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (1996)

Vol. 270, p. 23906 We (Allegretto et al.) have shown that intestinal CRBPII mRNA expression is not observed to change upon retinoid treatment of mice under the conditions that we have employed, consistent with reported unpublished data(1.Nakshatri H. Chambon P. J. Biol. Chem. 1994; 269: 890-902Google Scholar). Our results showing no significant change in hepatic apoA1 mRNA upon retinoid treatment of normal fed mice (Fig. 3) or of normal fed rats (our data not shown) are in contrast to previously published reports and in agreement with one. Rat hepatic apoAI was reported to increase during vitamin A deficiency (2.Zolfaghari R. Ross A.C. J. Lipid Res. 1994; 35: 1985-1992Google Scholar) and was reported to either decrease (2.Zolfaghari R. Ross A.C. J. Lipid Res. 1994; 35: 1985-1992Google Scholar) or to increase (3.Nagasaki A. Kikuchi T. Kurata K. Masushige S. Hasegawa T. Kato S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994; 205: 1510-1517Google Scholar) following retinoic acid treatment of vitamin A-deficient animals. Others reported that liver apoA1 mRNA decreased (4.Berthou L. Staels B. Saldicco I. Berthelot L. Casey J. Fruchart J.-C. Denefle P. Branellec D. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1994; 14: 1657-1664Google Scholar) or did not change (3.Nagasaki A. Kikuchi T. Kurata K. Masushige S. Hasegawa T. Kato S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994; 205: 1510-1517Google Scholar) following retinoic acid treatment of normal fed rats.
Antibacterial Surfaces Based on Polymer Brushes: Investigation on the Influence of Brush Properties on Antimicrobial Peptide Immobilization and Antimicrobial Activity (2011)

Primary amine containing copolymer, poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide hydrochloride) (poly(DMA-co-APMA)), brushes were synthesized on Ti surface by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) in aqueous conditions. A series of poly(DMA-co-APMA) copolymer brushes on titanium (Ti) surface with different molecular weights, thicknesses, compositions, and graft densities were synthesized by changing the SI-ATRP reaction conditions. Cysteine-functionalized cationic antimicrobial peptide Tet213 (KRWWKWWRRC) was conjugated to the copolymers brushes using a maleimide-thiol addition reaction after initial modification of the grafted chains using 3-maleimidopropionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. The modified surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle measurements, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ellipsometry analysis. The conjugation of the Tet213 onto brushes strongly depended on graft density of the brushes at different copolymer brush compositions. The peptide density (peptides/nm(2)) on the surface varied with the initial composition of the copolymer brushes. Higher graft density of the brushes generated high peptide density (pepetide/nm(2)) and lower number of peptides/polymer chain and vice versa. The peptide density and graft density of the chains on surface greatly influenced the antimicrobial activity of peptide grafted polymer brushes against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
High Power Pulsed Gas Lasers (1987)

Gas lasers have shown to be capable of delivering tens of terrawatt aspeak power or tens of kilowatt as average power. The efficiencies of most high power gas lasers are relatively high compared with other types of lasers. For instance molecular lasers, oscillating on low lying vibrational levels, and excimer lasers may have intrinsic efficiencies above 10%.The wavelengths of these gas lasers cover the range from the far infrared to the ultra-violet region, say from 12000 to 193 nm. The most important properties are the scalability, optical homogeneity of the excited medium, and the relatively low price per watt of output power. The disadvantages may be the large size of the systems and the relatively narrow line width with limited tunability compared with solid state systems producing the same peak power.
Rock-Property Changes During Reservoir Compaction (1992)

Summary Deformations, absolute permeability, electrical resistivity, PV change, and compressional- and shear-wave velocities were measured for Berea sandstone under various loading paths at temperatures from 70 to 380°F. The experimental behavior was subdivided into five categories. The experimental results were analyzed for each category, and the analysis was used to construct semianalytical rock-propery equations. These equations accurately simulate complex rock properties under various loading paths, which, unlike conventional rock-property equations, are expressed in terms of strain components. This formalism is practical because strains are more directly related to rock properties than are stress components. This paper presents unique rock-property data, including axial and radial measurements with various loading paths and temperatures; semianalytical equations that accurately simulate rock properties under various loading paths up to rock failure; and realistic predictions of rock-property changes during reservoir compaction.
Preparation of spray dried low heat powder from mare's milk. Evolution on storage (1995)

International audience
Pharmacokinetics of extended-release epidural morphine sulfate: Pooled analysis of six clinical studies (2009)

A pooled analysis of six studies revealed that extended-release epidural morphine sulfate provided a more prolonged release of morphine compared with standard epidural morphine sulfate. Extended-release epidural morphine sulfate displayed a consistent pharmacokinetic profile among adults, with only slight variability between men and women in C(max), which appeared to be mainly caused by differences in body weight.
Differential Expression and Function of Caveolin-1 in Human Gastric Cancer Progression (2007)

Caveolin-1 is a scaffold protein of caveolae that acts as a tumor modulator by interacting with cell adhesion molecules and signaling receptors. The role of caveolin-1 in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) is currently unknown. We show by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry of biopsies from GC patients (n = 41) that the nonneoplastic mucosa expressed caveolin-1 in foveolar epithelial cells and adjacent connective tissue. GC cells of only 3 of 41 (7%) patients expressed caveolin-1 and were all of the intestinal type. Quantitative PCR and Western blotting confirmed that, compared with nonneoplastic tissue, the overall caveolin-1 mRNA was decreased in 14 of 19 (74%) GC patients and protein in 7 of 13 (54%), respectively. Strong caveolin-1 reactivity was found in the nonepithelial compartment (myocytes, fibroblasts, perineural, and endothelial cells) in both tumor-free and GC samples. In a series of human GC cell lines, caveolin-1 expression was low in cells derived from a primary tumor (AGS and SNU-1) but was increased in cell lines originating from distant metastases (MKN-7, MKN-45, NCI-N87, KATO-III, and SNU-5). Ectopic expression of caveolin-1 in AGS cells decreased proliferation but promoted anchorage-independent growth and survival. RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous caveolin-1 in MKN-45 cells accelerated cell growth. These data indicate that caveolin-1 exhibits a stage-dependent differential expression and function in GC and may thereby contribute to its pathogenesis.
Inhibition of PI3K signalling increases the efficiency of radiotherapy in glioblastoma cells (2018)

Glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumour, is also considered one of the most lethal cancers per se. It is highly refractory to therapeutic intervention, as highlighted by the mean patient survival of only 15 months, despite an aggressive treatment approach, consisting of maximal safe surgical resection, followed by radio- and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy, in particular, can have effects on the surviving fractions of tumour cells, which are considered adverse to the desired clinical outcome: It can induce increased cellular proliferation, as well as enhanced invasion. In this study, we established that differentiated glioblastoma cells alter their DNA repair response following repeated exposure to radiation and, therefore, high single-dose irradiation (SD-IR) is not a good surrogate marker for fractionated dose irradiation (FD-IR), as used in clinical practice. Integrating irradiation into a combination therapy approach, we then investigated whether the pharmacological inhibition of PI3K signalling, the most abundantly activated survival cascade in glioblastoma, enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy. Of note, treatment with GDC-0941, which blocks PI3K-mediated signalling, did not enhance cell death upon irradiation, but both treatment modalities functioned synergistically to reduce the total cell number. Furthermore, GDC-0941 not only prevented the radiation-induced increase in the motility of the differentiated cells, but further reduced their speed below that of untreated cells. Therefore, combining radiotherapy with the pharmacological inhibition of PI3K signalling is a potentially promising approach for the treatment of glioblastoma, as it can reduce the unwanted effects on the surviving fraction of tumour cells.
GBB Reference Manual (V1.1 -- Draft Manual) (1987)

OFF products of horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7)-catalyzed oxidation of p-phenetidine were isolated and reactive species were trapped with reduced glutathione (GSH) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). When BHA was added to a reaction mixture after 5 min, subsequent TLC and mass spectrometric analysis revealed the formation of an adduct of BHA and 4-(ethoxyphenyl)-p-benzoquinone diimine (A). The diimine derivative (A) was unstable and its expected degradation products, 4-(ethoxyphenyl)-p-benzoquinone imine (B) and ammonia, were recovered from the reaction in stoichiometric amounts. Ethanol was an early product of the reaction presumably resulting from radical coupling reactions and its formation agreed with the combined production of A and B, suggesting that this was its sole route of formation. The addition of GSH to a reaction at various times and subsequent TLC and high performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of at least seven conjugates. Two conjugates were identified by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, one as a mono-GSH conjugate of A and another as a mono-GSH conjugate of B. When purified [14C]B was mixed with [3H]GSH, three conjugates were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography, two of which were tentatively identified as di-GSH conjugates. The conjugates isolated existed in both oxidized and reduced forms which could be easily interconverted by redox processes. The production of such reactive species and their conjugates in vivo may be a useful indicator of peroxidase-catalyzed metabolism.
In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro pharmacodynamics of nepafenac, amfenac, ketorolac, and bromfenac (2007)

Nepafenac showed significantly greater ocular bioavailability and amfenac demonstrated greater potency at COX-2 inhibition than ketorolac or bromfenac.
Automatic text summarization as applied to information retrieval: using indicative and informative summaries (2003)

A variety of naturally occurring compounds interact with duplex DNA by the formation of covalent cross-links. This review describes recent progress on the total synthesis of four natural product families, including the mitomycins, the structurally and functionally related agent FR-900482, the bis-pyrrole isochrysohermidine and the azinomycins.
Poly(lactic acid)‐based biocomposites reinforced with kenaf fibers (2008)

Abstract Biodegradable thermoplastic‐based composites reinforced with kenaf fibers were prepared and characterized. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was selected as polymeric matrix. To improve PLA/fibers adhesion, low amount of a proper reactive coupling agent, obtained by grafting maleic anhydride onto PLA, was added during matrix/fibers melt mixing. Compared with uncompatibilized composites, this compatibilization strategy induces a strong interfacial adhesion and a pronounced improvement of the mechanical properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Lyme Disease and Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis Coinfection: Impact of Case Definition on Coinfection Rates and Illness Severity (2012)

The results of this study indicate that how HGA is defined in patients with early Lyme disease has an impact on the apparent rate of coinfection and the severity of illness. The findings also suggest that HGA may be less severe than is usually believed, suggesting the existence of referral bias in testing patients preferentially who present with high fever or cytopenia.
Results From Numerical Simulation and Field Tests of an Oceanographic Buoy Powered by Sea Waves (2014)

The paper presents a performance analysis of a wave-energy converter designed for oceanographic applications to generate 300–500 W of electrical power on average. The prototype consists of a small draft cylindrical buoy connected to a submerged anti-heave plate by a hydraulic power takeoff system and cable. Engineering details and design of the system are based on the results of a detailed time-domain hydrodynamic analysis of the system, discussed here. The performance of the prototype is assessed with respect to the submerged plate size/added-mass and the effectiveness of latching schemes. Additionally, results for the power extraction are statistically compared with measurements performed during field tests in Monterey Bay, California. During these tests performance measurements were logged by the buoy, and wave data was recorded by a measurement buoy positioned 1 km from the deployment site. This allows the comparison of actual performance to model predictions run for the sea state present during testing. In general, the results of the numerical model match fairly well with the data acquired in field testing. The proposed causal latching control schemes have been shown to be ineffective for this type of wave-energy converter.
359 A NONINVASIVE APPROACH TO DIAGNOSE TRANSGENIC CONCEPTI DURING PREGNANCY IN GOATS (2014)

The discovery of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) circulating in the blood of pregnant women, and more recently in cows, ewes, and mares, paves the road towards the development of molecular tools to explore genetic features of embryos and/or fetuses before term. Albeit a wide range of analyses are in current use and development in humans, genetic diagnostic targets other than sex determination are still not described for other mammalian species. The aim of this study was to detect cffDNA from transgenic goat concepti for the human lysozyme (hLZ) gene in the blood of nontransgenic dams. Blood was collected from 3 nontransgenic goats carrying hLZ-transgenic concepti on Days 40–50, 80–90, and 110–120 of gestation. Also, blood was drawn 8 and 12 days after parturition from two other nontransgenic goats that delivered hLZ-transgenic offspring. Blood samples (10 mL) were spun at 1200 rpm for 10 min; resulting serum or plasma were stored at –20°C (serum) or 4°C (plasma). The DNA was extracted by mixing 350 µL of serum or plasma with an equal volume of TE buffer and 5 µL of proteinase K (20 mg mL–1). The mixtures were incubated at 55°C for 3 h, followed by phenol extraction and DNA precipitation by sodium acetate and 100% ethanol, with further incubation at –20°C overnight and centrifugation at 12 000 × g for 10 min. The DNA pellets were washed with 70% ethanol and eluted in 20 µL of ultrapure water. For the PCR, primer sets for the hLZ transgene (hLZ-i1-F 5' CGGTCCAGGGCAAGGTCTTTGA 3' and hLZ-i1-R 5' ACTGCTCCTGGGGTTTTGCC 3') and for GAPDH as the endogenous control were used. Reactions contained 3 µL of DNA, 200 nM of each primer, and 45 µL of PCR Mastermix (Quatro G Pesquisa &amp; Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, Brazil). The DNA from serum and plasma of nontransgenic goats were used as negative controls. The cycling conditions were 95°C for 10 min, followed by 55 cycles of 95°C for 30 s, 58°C for 30 s and 72°C for 30 s, plus a final extension at 72°C for 10 min. The PCR products were analysed by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel. As expected, GAPDH was amplified in most of the samples (12/13). The 200-bp PCR product corresponding to hLZ was detected in the dam's serum in all 3 gestational phases, with 2 out of 3 animals being positive on 40 to 50 and 80 to 90 days, and all 3 on 110 to 120 days of pregnancy. Furthermore, the transgene was amplified from dam's plasma in all samples after parturition. Only GAPDH amplification was detected in the blood of nontransgenic goats. These results suggest that cffDNA is present in the goat's blood circulation at the fetal phase during pregnancy and at least during the first 2 weeks after parturition. This method can be safely applied as a useful tool in zygote-DNA microinjection experiments, providing an early and preterm diagnostic of transgenic concepti through the dam's blood. Research was supported by FINEP.
Wetting of Rough Surfaces by a Low Surface Tension Liquid (2014)

There exist textured surfaces that demonstrate large advancing contact angles when the expected behavior is complete wetting due to high Wenzel roughness. The roughness can represent an impediment to the motion of the contact line, leading to the possibility of contact line pinning and thus increased advancing contact angle. A set of fabricated textured surfaces with varying pillar diameters and pillar spacing were tested using hexadecane. Because of the low surface tension of hexadecane, the majority of the surfaces exhibited penetration of the liquid into the roughness, also known as the Wenzel state. Because of this penetration, the empirical pinning force framework we previously developed for wetting behavior on smooth surfaces and surfaces with texture where liquid does not penetrate the roughness was expanded to include the Wenzel state. For the surfaces that had Wenzel wetting, the receding contact angle tended to follow the predictions of the Wenzel equation, while the advancing contact angle tended to increase with increasing roughness when according to the Wenzel equation it would be expected to decrease. For surfaces where nonpenetrated Cassie wetting was observed, a constant high advancing contact angle and a receding contact angle that follows the trend predicted by the Cassie equation were observed.
A visual feedback design based on a brain-computer interface to assist users regulate their emotional state (2014)

In situations where there is a stressful workload or when unexpected things occur, people often find it difficult to regulate their emotions. To assist them in effective regulation, this design utilizes neurofeedback, providing users real-time emotion feedback to augment their emotional states through the use of a tangible interface. The visual feedback incorporates a series of colored LEDs that map an individual's affective state. This user study is structured to examine the effect of this training tool in a lab setting. The users are asked to watch several video clips to evoke an agitated state and then try to be calm by using this device. The results will be compared to the users ability to regulate their emotions without any visual tools. The longer term goal of this project is to develop a training tool, to teach people how to regulate their emotions more effectively in stressful situations.
Prediction of Substructure and Toxicity of Pesticides with Temperature Constrained-Cascade Correlation Network from Low-Resolution Mass Spectra (1999)

Artificial neural networks are trained to predict the toxicity or active substructures of organophosphorus pesticides and then are applied to screening GC/MS data for environmentally hazardous compounds. Every mass spectral scan in the chromatographic run is classified, and separate chromatograms are obtained for either toxicity or substructure classes. Classification of mass spectra allows the detection of chromatographic peaks from potentially hazardous compounds that may be missing from the reference database. The neural network models predict substructures and toxicity from mass spectra without first determining the complete configurational structure of the pesticides. Temperature constrained-cascade correlation networks (TCCCN) were used because they are self-configuring networks that train rapidly and robustly. The toxicity classes are defined by the World Health Organization, and the substructure classes are standard organophosphorus pesticide groupings. The TCCCN models are used to mathematically resolve peaks in the chromatograms by substructure and toxicity. Evaluations yielded classification rates of 97 and 84% for substructure and toxicity, respectively.