gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poster 55: A 1-Year Comparative Equivalence Study of Tension-Free Vaginal Tape (TVT) and Percutaneous Vaginal Tape (PVT): Is the Gold Still Needed in the Standard? (2005)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT), the only sling procedure showing equal efficacy in a large, randomized, controlled trial when compared with the retropubic Burch procedure, and PVT are midurethral polypropylene sling procedures. To determine if the use of a generic piece of mesh using antegrade passage of needles (PVT) was equivalent in efficacy (1o outcome was the Anti-incontinence Surgery Response Score [AISRS]; 2o outcomes include the IIQ-7, UDI-6, and Global Assessment) and safety to the contemporary gold standard sling procedure (TVT), an equivalence study was designed to compare the outcomes. METHODS: One-tailed noninferiority tests were made for the outcomes and conclusions were based on a multivariate analysis. Baseline covariables were adjusted to prevent assignment bias or any baseline differences (none) resulting from nonrandomization of subjects into either a TVT or PVT procedure depending on the individual sling preference of the 9 surgeons. With a 1-year minimum follow up, outcomes were compared using a 5% significance level of testing the difference between means or proportions using a Δ value of 5% for AISRS proportion cured and 10% of the scale for questionnaires. Assuming a 90% cure rate for both groups, 226 total patients (113 patients in each group) were needed to have 80% power to conclude noninferiority of PVT. To evaluate safety, we compared intra- and postoperative complications. RESULTS: After 191 patients were analyzed for the study (51.8% with TVT and 48.2% with PVT), PVT was found noninferior to TVT based on the 1o outcome of the AISRS (P=0.002). Of the covariables assessed, only age was significantly associated with the outcome (P=0.008). Higher age is associated with lower odds of success, with odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.68 (0.52–0.90). For 2o outcomes, noninferiority of PVT was only found in the change of the IIQ score (P=0.038). For IIQ (P=0.005), UDI (P<0.001), and global (P=0.005), increasing age was significantly associated with less improvement in the score. For both the IIQ and UDI, SUI patients had significantly more improvement than patients with mixed incontinence. There was no difference in the proportion with at least one complication (P=0.90) or with any specific complication such as retention. CONCLUSION: PVT is not inferior to TVT in regard to efficacy and safety and represents an inexpensive, generic equivalent to TVT.
MHD Modeling of Shock Physics Experiments with the Phelix Portable High Magnetic Field Drive (2019)

The PHELIX portable pulsed power driver has recently completed a set of experiments examining the response of granular material to convergent shock loading. Here a nearly 4 MA peak current is delivered to a Z-pinch load with a quarter wave cycle time of ~3 us. This produces B ~ 0.30 MG field at the surface of a ~3 cm diameter, 1 mm thick, 3 cm tall Al liner. The liner is accelerated to ~800 km/s before shock impacting a target cylinder filled with fine-grain CeO <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> powder. Design and analysis simulations are performed with 2D MHD Lagrangian/ALE code to predict the liner performance and material response. Computational results are compared to the PHELIX Faraday rotation measurements for load current as well as proton radiographic imaging of the evolution of the density profile in the CeO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> .
Effect of environmental temperature on polymorphic solid-state transformation of indomethacin during grinding. (1986)

The effect of grinding in an agate centrifugal ball mill at 200 rpm on the physicochemical properties of indomethacin (IMC) polymorphs was studied by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The α and γ forms (metastable and stable forms) of IMC were ground at 4°C ant at 30±0.5°C, and the degree of crystallinity (Xc) of the ground products was measured by the X-ray diffractional internal standard method.The Xc of the γ form ground at 4°C decreased with increasing grinding time, and was 0% after 4 h, that is, the γ form had been converted to a noncrystalline solid. After grinding for 1 h at 30°C, about 45% of γ form of IMC was converted to noncrystalline solid, while the product ground for 10 h was transformed to the α form.The Xc of the α form ground for 2 h at 4°C was 0%, that is, the αform had been converted to a noncrystalline solid within 2 h at 4°C. The Xc of the α form ground at 30°C decreased with increasing grinding time and the value after 10 h was about 60%.The solubility in distilled water at 35°C of the γ form ground for 10 h at 4°C was about 60% larger than that of the intact γ form. The solubilities of the γ form gournd for 10 h at 30°C, the α form gound for 10 h at 4°C and the α form gound for 10 h at 30°C were all the same, 0.94 mg/100 ml, which is equal to that of the α form at 35°C.
Thermal Vacuum Facility for Testing Thermal Protection Systems (2002)

A subset of children who use sequential BICIs can acquire sound localization abilities, even after long intervals between activation of hearing in the first- and second-implanted ears. This suggests that children with activation of the second implant later in life may be capable of developing spatial hearing abilities. The large variability in performance among the children with BICIs suggests that maturation of sound localization abilities in children with BICIs may be dependent on various individual subject factors such as age of implantation and chronological age.
Testing homogeneous spreadsheet grids with the "what you see is what you test" methodology (2002)

Although there has been recent research into ways to design environments that enable end users to create their own programs, little attention has been given to helping these end users systematically test their programs. To help address this need in spreadsheet systems (the most widely used type of end-user programming language), we previously introduced a visual approach to systematically testing individual cells in spreadsheet systems. However, the previous approach did not scale well in the presence of largely homogeneous grids, which introduce problems somewhat analogous to the array-testing problems of imperative programs. We present two approaches to spreadsheet testing that explicitly support such grids. We present the algorithms, time complexities, and performance data comparing the two approaches. This is part of our continuing work to bring to end users at least some of the benefits of formalized notions of testing without requiring knowledge of testing beyond a naive level.
Digital Audio Synchronization in a Mixed-Media Plant (1993)

Digital audio is not new; digital audio plant implementation is. The advent of low-cost digital video tape recorders (DVTRs) has for the first time provided the performance advantage associated with digital in the video post-production market. This opportunity is not without cost. The multiple formats used in production work include frame rates of 24, 25, 29.97, and 30 frames/sec. Any two or three of these formats may be in use concurrently, and the audio information that is now in the digital domain and synchronized to the picture must seamlessly make the transition across these format boundaries. Despite the best efforts to provide a fully synchronized plant, a point will be reached at which the only solution is audio sample-rate conversion. This conversion process, analog or digital, is not a trivial task. Every effort must be made to ensure proper phasing and the absolute minimum in distortion product generation during the conversion process. There are many products on the market that execute this function. The gamut ranges from off-line Macintosh software to three-rack-unit real-time hardware solutions. Each algorithm is based on common principles. Understanding these principles will enable more effective use of the equipment, more intelligent selection of which piece of equipment to use for what application, and more solutions to plant synchronization problems.
Use and Abuse of Performance-Enhancing Hormones in Sport (2022)

Abstract Attempts to make gains in performance through training is part of normal competitive sport but over generations the lure of being a champion has tempted people to explore other performance-enhancing methods outside the ‘fair playing field’ of sport; this includes the misuse of several hormones. Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) are the most frequently misused hormones since, when combined with training, they enhance lean body mass, muscle bulk, and strength resulting in improved performance. Growth hormone, insulin, and IGF-I act in synergy with AAS and are frequently misused together in complicated regimes that are often difficult to detect. Erythropoietin by enhancing oxygen delivery to exercising muscles has also been shown to be a powerful performance-enhancing hormone, particularly in aerobic sports. Attempts to control the misuse of substances and methods has had limited success but is a war that is likely to continue with increasingly sophisticated ‘weapons’ on both sides.
Erratum to: phase I study of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 plus biweekly cisplatin for advanced gastric cancer patients with lymph node metastasis -KOGC04- (2014)

combination chemotherapy with S-1, biweekly cisplatin, and fractionated radiation therapy.
Sprint training improves contractility in postinfarction rat myocytes: role of Na+/Ca2+ exchange (2004)

Previous studies in adult myocytes isolated from rat hearts 3-9 wk after myocardial infarction (MI) demonstrated abnormal contractility and decreased Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX1) activity. In addition, a program of high-intensity sprint training (HIST) instituted shortly after MI restored both contractility and NCX1 activity toward normal. The present study examined the hypotheses that reduced NCX1 activity caused abnormal contractility in myocytes isolated from sedentary (Sed) rat hearts 9-11 wk after coronary artery ligation and that HIST ameliorated contractile dysfunction in post-MI myocytes by increasing NCX1 activity. The approach was to upregulate NCX1 in MI-sedentary (MISed) myocytes and downregulate NCX1 in MI-exercised (MIHIST) myocytes by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. Overexpression of NCX1 in MISed myocytes did not affect sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase and calsequestrin levels but rescued contractile abnormalities observed in MISed myocytes. That is, at 5 mM extracellular Ca(2+) concentration, the subnormal contraction amplitude in MISed myocytes (compared with Sham myocytes) was increased toward normal by NCX1 overexpression, whereas at 0.6 mM extracellular Ca(2+) concentration the supernormal contraction amplitude in MISed myocytes was lowered. Conversely, NCX1 downregulation by antisense in MIHIST myocytes abolished the beneficial effects of HIST on contraction amplitudes in MI myocytes. We suggest that decreased NCX1 activity may play an important role in contractile abnormalities in post-MI myocytes and that HIST ameliorated contractile dysfunction in post-MI myocytes partly by enhancing NCX1 activity.
Parameter selection for modeling of epidemic networks (2018)

The accurate modeling of epidemics on social contact networks is difficult due to the variation between different epidemics and the large number of parameters inherent to the problem. To reduce complexity, evolutionary computation is used to create a generative representation of the epidemic model. Previous gains from the use of local, verses global, operators are further explored to better balance exploration and exploitation of the genetic algorithm. A typical parameter study is conducted to test this new local operator and the new method of point packing is utilized as a proof of concept to perform a better search of the parameter space. All experiments from both approaches are tested against nine epidemic profiles. The point-packing driven parameter search demonstrates that the algorithm parameters interact substantially and in a non-linear fashion, and also shows that the good parameter settings are problem specific.
The role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone pathophysiology: A mini-review (2022)

Bone remodeling is a physiological, dynamic process that mainly depends on the functions of 2 cell types: osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Emerging evidence suggests that complement system is crucially involved in the regulation of functions of these cells, especially during inflammatory states. In this context, complement component 5a (C5a), a powerful pro-inflammatory anaphylatoxin that binds the receptor C5aR1, is known to regulate osteoclast formation and osteoblast inflammatory responses, and has thus been proposed as potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory bone diseases. In this review, we will analyze the role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone physiology and pathophysiology, describing its involvement in the pathogenesis of some of the most frequent inflammatory bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and also in osteoporosis and bone cancer and metastasis. Moreover, we will examine C5aR1-based pharmacological approaches that are available and have been tested so far for the treatment of these conditions. Given the growing interest of the scientific community on osteoimmunology, and the scarcity of data regarding the role of C5a-C5aR1 axis in bone pathophysiology, we will highlight the importance of this axis in mediating the interactions between skeletal and immune systems and its potential use as a therapeutic target.
Detection of Rotaviruses by Nucleic Acid Hybridization with Cloned DNA of Simian Rotavirus SA11 Genes (1985)

We developed a dot-blot hybridization assay to detect rotaviral RNA sequences in tissue culture or in clinical samples. 32P-labeled cloned cDNA probes of the simian rotavirus SA11 specifically detected rotaviral RNA sequences and were more sensitive for detecting SA11 than was the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Rotazyme test. A full-length probe of SA11 gene 6 detected 2.5 X 10(5) SA11 particles or approximately 0.27 ng of purified SA11 dsRNA. Combined probes from genes 6 and 9 detected 0.135 ng of purified SA11 dsRNA. The assay detected group A rotaviruses from different subgroups and serotypes, but the sensitivity of RNA detection varied from 0.5 to 31 ng when RNA from heterologous strains of virus was analyzed. An analysis of coded stool samples correctly identified 31 (91%) of 34 samples positive for rotavirus by electron microscopy and 100% of 26 samples negative for rotavirus by electron microscopy. Preliminary experiments also showed the assay has potential to directly characterize (subgroup and serotype) rotaviral isolates.
Domain Specific Text Preprocessing for Open Information Extraction (2022)

Preprocessing is an integral part of Natural Language Processing (NLP) based applications. Standard preprocessing steps consist of removal of irrelevant, unwanted characters or parts of the text based on several observed patterns, while preserving the original intent of the text. We introduce domain-specific preprocessing to filter domain-irrelevant parts of the text while preserving the intended, semantically relevant meaning and syntactic correctness of the text. For this, we define multiple patterns using the dependency tree that represents the Natural Language text based on its dependency grammar. We applied this technique and the patterns to the United States retirement domain documents for open information extraction task as a pre-cursor for mining business product information and rules, and were able to reduce the document data aka information for analysis and mining by at least 13%, which enhanced the F1-score of relation extraction by a minimum of 16%.
Analyses of mutation and loss of heterozygosity of coding sequences of the entire transforming growth factor beta type II receptor gene in sporadic human gastric cancer (1998)

Mutations in the transforming growth factor beta type II receptor (TGFbetaRII) gene have been detected in several human cancer types exhibiting microsatellite instability. Using intron primers previously reported for examination of the entire coding region of the TGFbetaRII gene, 29 sporadic gastric cancers were screened with non-radioactive single strand conformation polymorphism and subsequent DNA sequencing analysis. Mutations of the TGFbetaRII gene were detected in three out of 29 tumors (10%). Two cases showed deletions in a polyadenine tract in both alleles and was positively associated with replication error. One case had an insertion of GA dinucleotide sequence in one allele. Mutations of the TGFbetaRII gene were restricted to exon 3 and other coding regions were not affected. Loss of heterozygosity was detected by analyzing a polymorphic site in intron 2. Three out of nine (33%) informative cases, which were all of intestinal type and advanced cases, showed loss of heterozygosity but neither TGFbetaRII mutation nor replication error was found in these cases. Immunoreactivity of TGFbetaRII in tumor tissues was reduced to a different extent in the gastric cancer with genetically abnormal transforming growth factor. Although the numbers studied are small, homozygous (A)10 deletion or loss of heterozygosity of TGFbetaRII is involved in tumorigenesis and progression of at least some part of sporadic gastric cancer.
Classification of retinal image for automatic cataract detection (2013)

Cataract is one of the most common diseases that might cause blindness. Previous research shows that cataract occupies almost 50% in severe visually impairments. Considering the fact that retinal image is one of the most important medical references that help to diagnose the cataract, this paper proposes to use a neural network classifier for automatic cataract detection based on the classification of retinal images. The classifier building procedure includes three parts: preprocessing, feature extraction, and classifier construction. In the pre-processing part, an improved Top-bottom hat transformation is proposed to enhance the contrast between the foreground and the object, and a trilateral filter is used to decrease the noise in the image. According to the analysis of pre-processed image, the luminance and texture message of the image are extracted as classification features. The classifier is constructed by back propagation (BP) neural network which has two layers. Based on the clearness degree of the retinal image, the patients' cataracts are classified into normal, mild, medium or severe ones. The initial evaluation results illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach, which has great potential to improve diagnosis efficiency of the ophthalmologist and reduce the physical and economic burden of the patients and society.
Chronic Intratumoral Chemotherapy of a Rat Tumor with Cisplatin and Fluorouracil (1983)

In order to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of intratumoral chemotherapy, brain tumors in rats were treated by direct infusion of cisplatin or fluorouracil. Each animal was initially implanted in the midline cerebellum with a chronic stainless-steel cannula, and 2 weeks later 1 X 10(5) 9L cells were injected through the cannula. 8 days after tumor cell transplantation, a small implantable pump containing drug, or saline as a control, was connected up to the same cannula, and the solution was pumped into the tumor region for 7 days. The results showed that both drugs produced statistically significant increases in survival as compared to the controls.
Auto-Tuning of Downlink Power of LTE Femtocells Adaptive to Various Interference Conditions (2012)

Femtocell base stations are required to set proper downlink transmit power under various building environment. Conventional power setting techniques use a fixed power offset over received power level of the strongest macrocell base station to expand indoor femtocell coverage along with mitigating the interference leakage to the outdoors. However, the power offset has not been adequately optimized for various interference conditions, leading to degradation of macrocell or femtocell throughput. We propose an auto-tuning scheme of the power offset adaptive to the various interference conditions such as size of buildings where femtocell mobile stations exist, and distance to a street where macrocell mobile stations exist. The proposed scheme automatically tune the power offset so that the femtocell throughput can increase while maintaining the macrocell throughput based on macrocell mobile stations' interference detection reports and their totalization. According to the Long-Term Evolution system level simulations, the proposed scheme tuned the power offset to a proper level depending on various building conditions and can improve the throughput. If the power offset is commonly tuned among femtocells in macrocell, a newly deployed femtocell can employ a proper setting from the beginning of its operation.
An exploratory survey to identify the adolescents with high risk for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and to find the effectiveness of an awareness programme among students of selected pre university colleges of Udupi District (2014)

women of reproductive age group. Many of the menstrual problems are ignored initially during the adolescent period, and the problem will be identified much later when they seek treatment for infertility. Risk assessment appears to be the most useful method in identifying the condition at the earliest and encourage the adolescents for seeking the treatment.
New developments in the production of high modulus and high strength flexible polymers (2007)

Recent research at Leeds University on the production on highly oriented flexible chain polymers is summarised. For melt spun polyethylene fibres, particular attention has been given to tensile strength, creep behaviour and surface treatments to improve adhesion to resins. Recent research on hybrid composites and 100% polyethylene fibres composites is summarised. A die drawing process has been developed for the production of oriented rod, sheet and tube, including biaxially oriented tube. This process is applicable to polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polyester and other polymers.
Recent real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in US patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (2020)

Although a trend for improved rwPFS and rwOS with newer versus older treatments was suggested, additional treatment options to improve patient outcomes are needed.
Calibration of Modulation Transfer Function of Surface Profilometers with 1D and 2D Binary Pseudo-random Array Standards (2009)

We suggest and describe the use of a binary pseudo-random grating as a standard test surface for calibration of the modulation transfer function of microscopes. Results from calibration of a MicromapTM-570 interferometric microscope are presented.