gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity Rises in Correlation with High-Rate Cellulose Synthesis in Three Heterotrophic Systems (2001)

Based on work with cotton fibers, a particulate form of sucrose (Suc) synthase was proposed to support secondary wall cellulose synthesis by degrading Suc to fructose and UDP-glucose. The model proposed that UDP-glucose was then channeled to cellulose synthase in the plasma membrane, and it implies that Suc availability in cellulose sink cells would affect the rate of cellulose synthesis. Therefore, if cellulose sink cells could synthesize Suc and/or had the capacity to recycle the fructose released by Suc synthase back to Suc, cellulose synthesis might be supported. The capacity of cellulose sink cells to synthesize Suc was tested by analyzing the Suc phosphate synthase (SPS) activity of three heterotrophic systems with cellulose-rich secondary walls. SPS is a primary regulator of the Suc synthesis rate in leaves and some Suc-storing, heterotrophic organs, but its activity has not been previously correlated with cellulose synthesis. Two systems analyzed, cultured mesophyll cells of Zinnia elegans L. var. Envy and etiolated hypocotyls of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), contained differentiating tracheary elements. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Acala SJ-1) fibers were also analyzed during primary and secondary wall synthesis. SPS activity rose in all three systems during periods of maximum cellulose deposition within secondary walls. The Z. elegans culture system was manipulated to establish a tight linkage between the timing of tracheary element differentiation and rising SPS activity and to show that SPS activity did not depend on the availability of starch for degradation. The significance of these findings in regard to directing metabolic flux toward cellulose will be discussed.
High resolution pole-zero analysis of Parkinsonian speech (1991)

High resolution analysis of voiced speech signals in Parkinsonian patients using a pitch synchronous pole-zero model is introduced. A modified estimation error is defined leading to an accurate and consistent determination of the excitation instants of the model. An infinite resolution in determining these instants, despite the finite sampling interval, is achieved by mapping the discrete (digitized) problem into a continuous one. The proposed analysis was found to be useful in analyzing Parkinsonian speech where the goal was to detect and quantify the Parkinsonian tremor and rigidity from sustained voiced sounds.
Cytological Virological and Chromosomal Studies of Cell Strains From Aborted Human Fetuses. (1966)

An organ culture technique was used to investigate the possibility that latent viruses are present in spontaneously aborted human fetuses. All attempts to isolate virus from 74 human embryos were negative. In the course of these studies, numerous cell strains were derived from human tissue, and cytological features of these cells are described. Multinucleated giant cells were frequently found, but chromosomal aberration in this material was infrequent.
Enzymatic and Hybridization Properties of Oligonucleotide Analogues Containing Novel Phosphotriester Internucleotide Linkage (1998)

Abstract Enhanced cellular uptake, stable and discriminating hybridization and increased stability in biological media are of particular interest for oligonucleotides of potential therapeutic application. Additionally, toxicity or immunogenicity of the oligonucleotide analogues and their biodegradation products should be minimized by minimal alteration of the biological structure and effort and cost of bulk production should be as low as possible by using a standard automated synthesis protocol. Oligonucleotide phosphotriesters with oligoethyleneglycol substituents show promise to ideally combine all these advantages. Here we describe the hybridization properties and the stability of modified oligonucleotides containing triester internucleotide linkages substituted with α,ω-dihydroxy-(3,6-dioxa)-octan-1-yl group (“triethyleneglycol triester linkages”) towards enzymatic degradation. The triester linkages are stable towards exo- and endonucleases. Regardless of number and position of triester linkages, the modified oligonucleotides showed practically no decrease of Tm in hybridization studies with complementary biological oligonucleotides. In further enzymatic studies the modified oligonucleotides were highly stable towards nucleases in human blood serum.
Nouvelle génération de luminophores sans terre rare à base de borate d’aluminium pour des applications LEDs. (2021)

International audience
Spectral analysis of heart rate variability revisited: comparison of the methods (2002)

Since the early 70's, interest in spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) has grown considerably. The clinical significance of the HRV spectrum has been made apparent by studies which have shown it to provide predictors of mortality after myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, there are difficulties in quantitatively interpreting and comparing the results of the many published HRV studies owing to the different methods which have been used in arriving at the HRV spectrum. In particular, most of the methods introduce spectral bias. This study reports a systematic comparison of how effective each of the published methods for estimating the HRV spectrum are in faithfully retrieving the autonomic activity converging on the heart. Moreover, the use of spontaneous HRV activity to estimate the sympathovagal balance is challenged and the 'respiratory-evoked HRV spectrum' is put forward as a more reliable method of obtaining this parameter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
What Does Dynamic Optimality Mean in External Memory? (2022)

A data structure A is said to be dynamically optimal over a class of data structures 𝒞 if A is constant-competitive with every data structure C ∈ 𝒞. Much of the research on binary search trees in the past forty years has focused on studying dynamic optimality over the class of binary search trees that are modified via rotations (and indeed, the question of whether splay trees are dynamically optimal has gained notoriety as the so-called dynamic-optimality conjecture). Recently, researchers have extended this to consider dynamic optimality over certain classes of external-memory search trees. In particular, Demaine, Iacono, Koumoutsos, and Langerman propose a class of external-memory trees that support a notion of tree rotations, and then give an elegant data structure, called the Belga B-tree, that is within an O(log log N)-factor of being dynamically optimal over this class. In this paper, we revisit the question of how dynamic optimality should be defined in external memory. A defining characteristic of external-memory data structures is that there is a stark asymmetry between queries and inserts/updates/deletes: by making the former slightly asymptotically slower, one can make the latter significantly asymptotically faster (even allowing for operations with sub-constant amortized I/Os). This asymmetry makes it so that rotation-based search trees are not optimal (or even close to optimal) in insert/update/delete-heavy external-memory workloads. To study dynamic optimality for such workloads, one must consider a different class of data structures. The natural class of data structures to consider are what we call buffered-propagation trees. Such trees can adapt dynamically to the locality properties of an input sequence in order to optimize the interactions between different inserts/updates/deletes and queries. We also present a new form of beyond-worst-case analysis that allows for us to formally study a continuum between static and dynamic optimality. Finally, we give a novel data structure, called the Jεllo Tree, that is statically optimal and that achieves dynamic optimality for a large natural class of inputs defined by our beyond-worst-case analysis.
Directed evolution of a type I antifreeze protein expressed in Escherichia coli with sodium chloride as selective pressure and its effect on antifreeze tolerance (1996)

Both freezing tolerance and NaCl tolerance are improved when antifreeze proteins are expressed as fusion proteins with two domains of staphylococcal protein A (SPA) in Escherichia coli. To characterize these properties further we created a randomly mutated expression library in E. coli, based on the winter flounder antifreeze protein HPLC-8 component gene. Low-fidelity PCR products of this gene were fused to the spa gene encoding two domains of the SPA. The library was screened for enhanced NaCl tolerance and four clones were selected. The freezing tolerance of each of the selected clones was enhanced to varying extents. DNA sequencing of the isolated mutants revealed that the amphiphilic properties of the native antifreeze protein were essentially conserved. Furthermore, by studying the primary sequence of the randomly mutated clones, in comparison with the degree of freezing tolerance, we have identified clues which help in understanding the relationship between salt and freezing tolerance.
A compartmentalized type I interferon response in the gut during chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with immunopathogenesis (2018)

The IFN-I response is compartmentalized during chronic untreated HIV-1 infection, with IFNβ being more predominant in the gut. Gut IFN-I responses are associated with immunopathogenesis, and viral replication is likely a major driver of this response.
APPROACH FOR METHOD TRANSFER TO CIVIL ENGINEERING (2004)

In Civil engineering a lot of quality faults happens due to a lack of methodical practice in the planning and design. Methods in engineering design have enhanced the development process and reduced the number of quality faults. Hence transferring methods from engineering design to civil engineering design can improve the design of buildings. Therefore an approach was established and is presented in this paper. The application in an example and experiences are described.
Characteristics of degenerately doped silicon for spectral control in thermophotovoltaic systems (1996)

Heavily doped Si was investigated for use as spectral control filter in thermal photovoltaic (TPV) system. These filters should reflect radiation at 4 μm and above and transmit radiation at 2 μm and below. Two approaches have been used for introducing impurities into Si to achieve high doping concentration. One was the diffusion technique, using spin‐on dopants. The plasma wavelength (λp) of these filters could be adjusted by controlling the diffusion conditions. The minimum plasma wavelength achieved was 4.8 μm. In addition, a significant amount of absorption was observed for the wavelength 2 μm and below. The second approach was doping by ion implantation followed by thermal annealing with a capped layer of doped glass. Implantation with high dosage of B and As followed by high temperature annealing (≳1000 °C) resulted in a plasma wavelength that could be controlled between 3.5 and 6 μm. The high temperature annealing (≳1000 °C) that was necessary to activate the dopant atoms and to heal the implantation damage, also caused significant absorption at 2 μm. For phosphorous implanted Si, a moderate temperature (800–900 °C) was sufficient to activate most of the phosphorous and to heal the implantation damage. The position of the plasma turn‐on wavelength for an implantation dose of 2×1016 cm−2 of P was at 2.9 μm. The absorption at 2 μm was less than 20% and the reflection at 5 μm was about 70%.
Crystal Growth in Gels (1980)

This chapter contains sections titled: Calcium Tartrate Crystals Grown by the standard Technique Copper(II)Choloride Crystals Grown by the Complex-Dilution Method
The Use of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Cucurbita maxima Fruit By-Products (2023)

This work aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of bioactive compounds obtained from three squash by-products (e.g., peel, endocarp, and seeds) using the response surface methodology (RSM). The selected independent variables were ethanol concentration, extraction time, and extraction temperature. Squash by-products’ bioactive molecules were extracted according to the matrix proposed by the experimental plan. Significant variability in total phenolic compound content (TPC) and antioxidant activity, depending on the extraction time, the solvent concentration, and the extraction temperature, was recorded for the tested by-products. The experimental results adequately fitted with second-order polynomial models and showed significant linear, quadratic, and interaction effects of the independent variables. Data analysis suggested that the optimal extraction conditions were 12.2% ethanol for 11.2 min at 55 °C for peels; 28.5% ethanol for 10.5 min at 37 °C for endocarp; and 20% ethanol for 10.5 min at 60 °C for seeds. The results obtained showed that the experimental and predicted values of TPC and antioxidant activities as an indicator of a successful extraction fit with each other, thus indicating the optimal extraction conditions. Under these conditions, the obtained extracts exhibited high, although variable, TPC with epicatechin and epigallocatechin as major compounds, as well significant antimicrobial potency, which reached 100% and 80% inhibition of the tested bacteria and fungi.
Combined Multiwavelength Photoacoustic and Plane-Wave Ultrasound Imaging for Probing Dynamic Phase-Change Contrast Agents (2018)

The introduced mwPA/pwUS imaging sequence can be used in various clinical applications where both spectroscopic PA imaging of endogenous and/or exogenous chromophores and ultrafast US imaging of phase-change nanodroplets are desired.
Mycobacteria-Specific Mono- and Polyfunctional CD4+ T Cell Profiles in Children With Latent and Active Tuberculosis: A Prospective Proof-of-Concept Study (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Current immune-based TB tests, including the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), have significant limitations, including the inability to distinguish between latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB. Few biomarkers with the potential to discriminate between these two infection states have been identified. <b>Objective:</b> To determine whether functional profiling of mycobacteria-specific T cells can distinguish between TB-infected and -uninfected children, and simultaneously discriminate between LTBI and active TB. <b>Methods:</b> One hundred and forty-nine children with suspected active TB or risk factors for LTBI were recruited at the Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. Whole-blood stimulation assays, using ESAT-6, CFP-10, PPD, and heat-killed <i>M. tuberculosis</i> as stimulants, were done, followed by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis. <b>Results:</b> Eighty-two participants in the well-defined diagnostic categories 'uninfected individuals' (asymptomatic, TST 0 mm / IGRA-; <i>n</i> = 61), LTBI (asymptomatic, TST ≥10 mm / IGRA+, normal chest radiograph; <i>n</i> = 15), or active TB [microbiologically-confirmed (<i>n</i> = 3) or fulfilling stringent criteria (<i>n</i> = 3)] were included in the final analysis. The proportions of mycobacteria-specific single-positive TNF-α+ and double-positive IFN-γ+/TNF-α+ CD4+ T cells were significantly higher in participants with active TB than in those with LTBI and uninfected individuals. Additionally, the frequency of IL-17-expressing CD4+ T cells, predominately with single-positive IL-17+ and double-positive IL-2+/IL-17+ phenotypes, was higher in participants with active TB than in the other two groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> The frequencies and functional profiles of mycobacteria-specific CD4+ T cells differ significantly both between TB-infected and TB-uninfected children, and between LTBI and active TB. Although confirmation in further studies will be required, these findings indicate that functional profiling of mycobacteria-specific CD4+ T cells could potentially be exploited for novel immune-based TB assays that enable the distinction between infection states based on a blood sample alone.
Die Darstellung von Hämin aus kleinen Blutmengen (0.1–0.2 ml) (1962)

Abstract F orssberg , A. und B. T ribukait . Die Darstellung von Hamin aus kleinen Blutmengen (0.1 – 0.2 ml). Acta physiol. scand. 1962. 54. 147– 151. – A Modification of the glacial acetic acid‐acetone procedure for isolation of hemin crystals is described, allowing routine analyses of C 14 ‐hemin‐activity in blood samples of 0.1–0.2 ml. The purity and homogenity of the isolated hemin was in good accordance with highly purified hemin as visualized from spectrophotometric and chromatographic data. Between C 14 ‐activity and hemin concentration a strong linear correlation (r = 0.994) was found. Likewise, a strong linear correlation (r= 0.996) was found between the absorbancy of pyridine haemochromogen at 540 mμ, and 557 mμ, and the hemin concentration. Hemin samples which have been decomposed or are occasionally contaminated deviate from the linear correlation and can be discarded.
10‐Carbethoxymethyl‐3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐b]indole and Derivatives at its 10‐Position (1993)

Abstract Reaction of 3‐phenyl‐10 H ‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐ b ]indole ( 4 ) with ethyl chloroacetate gave 10‐carbethoxymethyl‐3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐ b ]indole ( 3 ). Condensation of 3 with hydrazine hydrate gave (3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐ b ]indol‐10‐yl)acetylhydrazine ( 5 ). Reactions of 5 with a number of aromatic aldehydes, acetophenone, cyclohexanone and D‐galactose gave the corresponding hydrazones 6 ‐ 12 . Condensation of 5 with acetylacetone gave the pyrazole 15 . Cyclization of 5 with CS 2 gave (3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐ b ]indol‐10‐yl)(2‐thiol‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐yl)methane ( 16 ). Reaction of 16 with ethyl chloroacetate gave the carbethoxy alkylated derivative (3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4′,3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6‐ b ]indol‐10‐yl)[2‐(thiocarbethoxymethyl)1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐yl]methane ( 17 ).
Dual-Polarized Radar and Surface Observations of a Winter Graupel Shower with Negative Zdr Column (2016)

Abstract Comprehensive analysis of an unusual graupel-shower event recorded by an S-band polarimetric radar and two optical-imaging surface instruments is presented. The primary radar characteristic was negative differential reflectivity Z dr values along a vertical column. During the afternoon hours of 16 February 2015, a sequence of three showers that were composed primarily of small (8–15-mm diameter) graupel affected the ground instrumentation site that was established for the Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera and Radar (MASCRAD) experiment in the high plains of Colorado. While these showers passed the instrumentation site, the CSU–CHILL radar conducted high-time-resolution (~2.5-min cycle time) range–height indicator (RHI) scans from a range of 13 km. The RHI data show that the negative Z dr values extended vertically through much of the reflectivity cores, implying that the reflectivity-weighted mean axis ratios of the graupel particles in this event remained somewhat prolate throughout their lifetime. To be specific, the cores of the convective showers only extended to heights of ~3.5 km AGL and had fractionally negative (from ~−0.3 to −0.7 dB) Z dr levels in those cores. Particle-image data obtained by the MASC system and by a collocated 2D video disdrometer measured the diameters, shapes, and fall speeds of the graupel particles as they reached the surface. The graupel particles were found to be primarily of the lump type with a slightly prolate mean shape (especially for the larger-diameter particles). Microwave backscatter calculations confirm that the graupel-particle shape and orientation characteristics are consistent with the observed slightly, but consistently, negative Z dr values.
Feedback Phosphorylation of the Yeast a -Factor Receptor Requires Activation of the Downstream Signaling Pathway from G Protein through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (2000)

The two yeast pheromone receptors, the a and alpha-factor receptors, share many functional similarities: both G protein-coupled receptors couple to the same downstream signal transduction pathway, and both receptors undergo feedback regulation involving increased phosphorylation on their C-terminal domains in response to ligand challenge. The present work, which focuses on the signaling mechanism controlling this feedback phosphorylation, indicates one striking difference. While the alpha-factor-induced phosphorylation of the alpha-factor receptor does not require activation of the downstream G protein-directed signaling pathway (B. Zanolari, S. Raths, B. Singer-Kruger, and H. Riezman, Cell 71:755-763, 1992), the a-factor-induced phosphorylation of the a-factor receptor (Ste3p) clearly does. Induced Ste3p phosphorylation was blocked in cells with disruptions of various components of the pheromone response pathway, indicating a requirement of pathway components extending from the G protein down through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Furthermore, Ste3p phosphorylation can be induced in the absence of the a-factor ligand when the signaling pathway is artificially activated, indicating that the liganded receptor is not required as a substrate for induced phosphorylation. While the activation of signaling is critical for the feedback phosphorylation of Ste3p, pheromone-induced gene transcription, one of the major outcomes of pheromone signaling, appears not to be required. This conclusion is indicated by three results. First, ste12Delta cells differ from cells with disruptions of the upstream signaling elements (e.g., ste4Delta, ste20Delta, ste5Delta, ste11Delta, ste7Delta, or fus3Delta kss1Delta cells) in that they clearly retain some capacity for inducing Ste3p phosphorylation. Second, while activated alleles of STE11 and STE12 induce a strong transcriptional response, they fail to induce a-factor receptor phosphorylation. Third, blocking of new pheromone-induced protein synthesis with cycloheximide fails to block phosphorylation. These findings are discussed within the context of a recently proposed model for pheromone signaling (P. M. Pryciak and F. A. Huntress, Genes Dev. 12:2684-2697, 1998): a key step of this model is the activation of the MAPK Fus3p through the G(betagamma)-dependent relocalization of the Ste5p-MAPK cascade to the plasma membrane. Ste3p phosphorylation may involve activated MAPK Fus3p feeding back upon plasma membrane targets.