gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semi-analytical current source modeling of FinFET devices operating in near/sub-threshold regime with independent gate control and considering process variation (2014)

Operating circuits in the near/sub-threshold regime can lower the circuit energy consumption at the expense of lowering the circuit speed. In addition near/sub-threshold can result in higher sensitivity to process-induced variations and transient noise. FinFETs have been proposed as an alternative to planar CMOS devices in sub-20nm CMOS technology nodes due to their more effective channel control, steep sub-threshold slope, high ON/OFF current ratio, low power consumption, and so on. Characteristics of FinFETs operating in the near/sub-threshold regime make it difficult to verify the timing of a circuit using conventional statistical static timing analysis (SSTA) techniques. Current source modeling (CSM) methods, which have been proposed to increase the accuracy of timing analysis in dealing with arbitrary shapes of the input signal waveforms, are the appropriate solution for performing SSTA on FinFET-based circuits. This paper thus extends the CSM to such circuits, operating in the near/sub-threshold voltage regime. In particular, FinFET devices with independent gate control and subject to process variations are modelled. The key idea of the proposed CSM approach is to combine non-linear analytical models and low-dimensional CSM lookup tables to simultaneously achieve high modeling accuracy and low time/space complexity.
Cloninger Type 2 Score and Lesch Typology Predict Hospital Readmission of Female and Male Alcohol-Dependent Inpatients During a 24-Month Follow-Up (2017)

The Cloninger type 2 score and the Lesch typology are promising tools for the prediction of alcohol-related readmissions. Our findings provide the basis to optimize relapse prevention in alcohol dependence.
Reliability Analysis of Embedded Chip Technique with Design of Experiment Methods (2006)

This paper presents reliability and failure analysis of embedded components on the liquid crystalline substrate. First, a demonstration module for embedded technology is fabricated. Then it is put into thermal cycling to find out the most obvious failure. 3D FEM analysis is employed to investigate the failure mode. A design of experiment method is conducted to obtain the optimal structure of embedded chip components.
Clinical outcomes following percutaneous magnetic resonance image guided laser ablation of symptomatic uterine fibroids (2002)

We have used objective and subjective outcome measures to determine the efficacy of MR guided laser ablation for fibroids. Based on this limited study we are encouraged that this procedure may represent a minimally invasive alternative therapy for fibroids.
[Efficacy and safety of Erlotinib in the treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese patients]. (2010)

The study presents excellent response rates, time to progression and overall survival of erlotinib treatment for advanced NSCLC in Chinese patients, and its adverse events are tolerable.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Dehydration Analysis of Uranyl Zinc Mellitate, (UO2)Zn(H2O)4(H2mel)·2H2O (2013)

Abstract A new heterometallic uranyl zinc carboxylate, (UO 2 )Zn(H 2 O) 4 (H 2 mel) · 2H 2 O, has been hydrothermally prepared (150 °C, 24 h) by using 1,2,3,4,5,6‐benzenehexacarboxylic acid (mellitic acid) as organic linker in order to form a three‐dimensional network. Four of the six carboxylate groups of the mellitate ligand interact with mononuclear uranyl or zinc cations, which are eightfold (hexagonal bipyramid, UO 8 ) or sixfold [octahedron, ZnO 2 (H 2 O) 4 ] coordinated, respectively. The remaining free carboxylate arms of the mellitate species preferentially interact through hydrogen bonds with water molecules trapped within the framework. Thermogravimetric and X‐ray thermodiffraction (up to 800 °C) analyses and in situ infrared spectroscopy (up to 210 °C) indicated that both free and bound water species are evacuated from the structure in one step between 80 and 170 °C, followed by its transformation into an unknown, anhydrous, poorly crystalline phase [UO 2 Zn(mel)] up to 320 °C. After the formation of an amorphous phase, the re‐crystallization of oxides α‐ZnU 3 O 10 and ZnO was observed from 460 °C. The fluorescence spectrum of the as‐synthesized uranyl zinc mellitate shows the six bands that are typical for vibronic couplings of the [O=U=O] 2+ moiety.
Molecular images of thin-film polymorphs and phase transformations in metal-free phthalocyanine (1979)

Molecular imaging of metal-free phthalocyanine, prepared expitaxically on KCI, showed two polymorphs. The unit-cell constants, measured from the ac projection, differed from previously quoted values and this was attributed to the effect of the preparation substrate. The transformation of one phase into another was apparently martensitic with lamellae of the opposite phase being present in both polymorphs.
Emulsifying Property of Whey Peptide Fractions as a Function of pH and ionic Strength (1992)

ABSTRACT Solubility and emulsifying properties of whey protein concentrate (WPC), heat‐treated WPC (90°C, pH 2.5, 10 min), and their tryptic or chymotryptic peptide fractions obtained by ultrafiltration were measured from pH 3 to 9 at two ionic strengths (uμ=0 and 0.6). There was no correlation between solubility and emulsifying capacity (EC). Heat treatment induced some conformational changes in WPC, resulting in better EC. Some peptide fractions had better EC than proteins at pH 7 and 9. Treatments resulting in more hydrophobic peptides or a higheT content of larger peptides produced fractions with better emulsifying properties. pH and ionic strength affected conformation and emulsifying properties of proteins and peptides.
Unraveling Doping Capability of Conjugated Polymers for Strategic Manipulation of Electric Dipole Layer toward Efficient Charge Collection in Perovskite Solar Cells (2020)

Abstract Developing electrical organic conductors is challenging because of the difficulties involved in generating free charge carriers through chemical doping. To devise a novel doping platform, the doping capabilities of four designed conjugated polymers (CPs) are quantitatively characterized using an AC Hall‐effect device. The resulting carrier density is related to the degree of electronic coupling between the CP repeating unit and 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ), and doped PIDF‐BT provides an outstanding electrical conductivity, exceeding 210 S cm −1 , mainly due to the doping‐assisted facile carrier generation and relatively fast carrier mobility. In addition, it is noted that a slight increment in the electron‐withdrawing ability of the repeating unit in each CP diminishes electronic coupling with F4‐TCNQ, and severely deteriorates the doping efficiency including the alteration of operating doping mechanism for the CPs. Furthermore, when PIDF‐BT with high doping capability is applied to the hole transporting layer, with F4‐TCNQ as the interfacial doping layer at the interface with perovskite, the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell improves significantly, from 17.4% to over 20%, owing to the ameliorated charge‐collection efficiency. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Kelvin probe analyses verify that the improved solar cell performance originates from the increase in the built‐in potential because of the generation of electric dipole layer.
FORWARD I (GOG 3011): A randomized phase 3 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853) versus chemotherapy in adults with folate receptor alpha (FRα)-positive, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), primary peritoneal cancer, or primary fallopian tube cancer. (2017)

TPS5607 Background: Elevated FRα expression is characteristic of a number of solid tumors, including EOC, thereby providing an attractive candidate for targeted therapeutic approaches. Mirvetuximab soravtansine is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), comprising a FRα-binding antibody linked to the tubulin-disrupting maytansinoid DM4, that has shown single agent clinical activity and a favorable safety profile in an ongoing, first-in-human phase 1 trial (NCT01609556). Methods: FORWARD I is a randomized phase 3 study designed to evaluate the efficacy of mirvetuximab soravtansine compared with that of standard-of-care chemotherapy in adult patients with platinum-resistant EOC, primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian tube cancer. Confirmation of FRα positivity by immunohistochemistry (medium or high expression; ≥ 50% of cells with at least moderate staining intensity) and ≤ 3 prior lines of therapy are required for inclusion. A maximum of 333 patients are expected to be recruited. Patients will be randomized 2:1 to Arm 1 (intravenous mirvetuximab soravtansine at a dose of 6.0 mg/kg, calculated using adjusted ideal body weight, on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle) or Arm 2 (investigators’ choice chemotherapy: paclitaxel, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, or topotecan). The primary efficacy endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS; by blinded independent central review) and secondary endpoints include objective response rate, quality of life, overall survival, safety and tolerability, and duration of response. The first patient was enrolled in January 2017. Clinical trial information: NCT02631876.
Antigone: a flexible framework for secure group communication (1999)

Many emerging applications on the Internet requiring group communication have varying security require-ments. Significant strides have been made in achieving strong semantics and security guarantees within group en-vironments. However, in existing solutions, the scope of available security policies is often limited. This pa-per presents the Antigone framework. Antigone provides a suite of mechanisms from which flexible application security policies may be implemented. Using this ap-proach, developers may chose a policy that best addresses their security and performance requirements. We describe the Antigone’s mechanisms, consisting of a set of micro-protocols, and show how different security policies can be implemented using those mechanisms. We also present a performance study illustrating the security/performance tradeoffs that can be made using Antigone. 1
PEP005 (ingenol mebutate) gel for the topical treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: Results of a randomized phase IIa trial (2010)

Two applications of ingenol mebutate gel, 0.05%, are safe and have efficacy in patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma.
Maghemite in soils and its origin (1974)

Abstract The products of air oxidation of mixed Fe(II)-Fe(III) chloride solutions at pH 6 and 7, at 20 and 60°C and at normal pressure contain green rust, maghemite, lepidocrocite, goethite and a paracrystalline ferric hydroxide (ferrihydrite). Among these maghemite, a cubic ferromagnetic iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) found in many soils, is favoured by slow oxidation rate, high total Fe concentration, the presence of small amounts of Fe(III) in the original predominantly Fe(II) solution, higher temperature and at pH 7 rather than pH 6. The green rust is believed to be an essential precursor of maghemite. On slow oxidation it will form maghemite probably via magnetite. Fast oxidation prevents the cubic phase from being formed and lepidocrocite is the end product. At higher Fe(III) proportions ferrihydrite can be formed which under certain influences converts to goethite and/or hematite. The common iron oxides are seen to form from the same system from small variations in environment which is to be expected from their common associations in soils
Variance of Streaming Potential Measurements (1999)

AbstractWe evaluated sources of variance in the measurement of the surface streaming potential of ﬂat sheet specimens of cellulosedi/triacetate membranes with a commercial electrokinetic analyzer. Two measurement methods were evaluated: theinstrument’s standard operating procedure, which continuously ramps the ﬂow past the specimen, and a modiﬁed procedurethat periodically stepped the ﬂow rate and required manual calculation of zeta potential from the archived pressure andstreaming potential data. Our study indicated that the kinetics of equilibration between electrolyte, electrodes, and membranehas the greatest impact on measurement uncertainty of any method used. An optimized protocol was developed for eachmethod and the type A uncertainty (standard deviation) for the data collected using the optimized, modiﬁed procedure wasone-third the value obtained using the optimized, standard procedure. # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cellulose acetate membrane; Streaming potential; Zeta potential; Membrane potentials
The role of microfilaments and microtubules in secretion (1975)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
A Study of Female Urinary Incontinence in General Practice (1996)

The aim of this study was to provide valid data on the demography, medical history and clinical findings among adult women presenting with urinary incontinence to general practitioners. In a rural community in Norway, all women > 20 years who consulted their general practitioner for urinary incontinence during a 3 year period were included in a prospective study. A thorough medical history and both a general and focused clinical examination were undertaken. Gynecological examination, stress provocation test, and 48 h frequency/volume chart and pad weighing test were also performed. 105 women were included (4.4% of women > 20 years in the total population). Mean age was 57 years, 64% were postmenopausal. A lot of comorbidity was reported. Duration of incontinence was > 5 years in 49%. By a severity index, 64% were classified as severe, 28% as moderate and 8% as having slight incontinence. 59% were using protective pads or garments. Mean leakage per 24 h was 31 g. 38% had significant genital prolapse. Contractility of the pelvic floor muscles was weak in 28%. Diagnostic classification revealed 50% stress incontinence, 10% urge and 40% mixed incontinence. 42% of the patients were a great deal or much bothered by their incontinence. Patients with stress incontinence were less bothered than others. Women presenting with urinary incontinence at a primary care level are prevalent, and often have significant incontinence. It is a challenge for the general practitioners to investigate and treat these patients optimally.
Information recovery in missing angular data cases: an approach by the convex projections method in three dimensions (1987)

SUMMARY We have studied the method of projections on to convex sets (POCS) for the restoration of three‐dimensional signals, especially applied for the degraded information obtained in three‐dimensional (3‐D) reconstructions by electron microscopy due to the limited tilting angular range of the sample that is obtainable in practice. A computer generated specimen has been used as a test object. Several noise levels were added to the specimen, obtaining signal‐to‐noise ratios (signal power/noise power) of between 12 and 0·5 dB. Different missing data angular regions of 30° and 10° zenithal angle have been considered. Our results illustrate the possibilities of POCS to restore incomplete 3‐D data in the absence and the presence of noise, and offer ways for further applications to improve the quality of 3‐D reconstructions based on real data.
van der Waals Epitaxy of Co10–xZn10–yMnx+y Thin Films: Chemical Composition Engineering and Magnetic Properties (2021)

Topologically protected magnetic skyrmions have raised interest for future spintronics applications. One of the main challenges is the synthesis of room temperature skyrmion-hosting materials that are compatible with thin-film technology. We present an approach to produce strain-free epitaxial thin films of Co10–xZn10–yMnx+y using molecular beam epitaxy. Bulk Co10–xZn10–yMnx+y is known to host skyrmions at room temperature for specific composition ratios. Our substrate consists of graphene on oxidized silicon. The van der Waals interactions of the grown material with graphene prevents covalent bonding and corresponding strain. We show how defects in the graphene foster nucleation that results in three different kinds of morphologies: islands, columns, and merged films. Susceptibility measurements suggest a phase transition close to room temperature. We detect up to three spin waves resonances suggesting relatively low magnetic damping. This growth technique opens a new route for the integration of complex alloys and skyrmionic device concepts with silicon electronics.
Finite element analysis of coupled phenomena in magnetorheological fluid devices (2004)

This paper deals with coupled electromagnetic, hydrodynamic and mechanical motion phenomena in magnetorheological fluid devices. The governing equations of these phenomena are presented. The numerical implementation of the mathematical model is based on the finite element method and a step‐by‐step algorithm. In order to include non‐linearity, the Newton‐Raphson process has been adopted. A prototype of an electromagnetic brake has been built at the Poznań University of Technology. The method has been successfully adapted to the analysis of this brake. The results of the analysis are presented.
External validation of a Cox prognostic model: principles and methods (2013)

Our validation methods are applicable to a wide range of prognostic studies and provide researchers with a toolkit for external validation of a published Cox model.
ChemInform Abstract: ANIONIC METAL HYDRIDE CATALYSTS. 1. SYNTHESIS OF POTASSIUM HYDRIDO(PHOSPHINE)RUTHENATE COMPLEXES (1982)

Abstract Die Reduktion des Toluol‐Monosolvats des Ru(II)‐Komplexes (I) mit K‐naphthalinid (II) bei tiefen Temp. führt zu dem als Toluol‐Ether‐Monosolvat isolierten Komplex (III), dessen Molekül‐ und Kristallstruktur mittels Einkristall‐ Röntgenanalyse bestimmt wird.
Clinical spectrum of iron overload, novel uses of iron chelators, and potential treatment of pediatric anemias with erythropoietin. Introduction. (1990)

The prophylactic use of regular red blood cell transfusions in such disorders as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia have eliminated the debilitating consequences of compensatory bone marrow expansion in thalassemia, and have reduced the incidence of recurrent strokes in sickle cell anemia. However, with the reduction in these types of morbidity, this new method of prophylactic therapy has been associated with the emerging clinical problem of transfusional iron overload
Evaluation of Creep Crack Growth Behavior of NCF800H Alloy Based on Creep Fracture Mechanism (1993)

In order to investigate the relationship between microscopical creep fracture mechanism and creep crack growth rate, creep crack growth tests were conducted on CT specimens of NCF800H alloy. Wedge-type intergranular fracture, transgranular one and cavity-type intergranular one were observed at 873K, 923K and 973K, and 1073K, respectively. For an equal value of C* parameter, creep crack growth rate was the fastest under wedge-type fracture condition, and secondary under cavity-type fracture condition and the slowest under transgranular fracture. Similar dependence of crack growth rate on fracture mode had been observed in creep crack propagation of a SUS316 steel. This corresponds with the difference of creep fracture ductility. Under the cavity-type fracture condition, creep crack growth rate increased as the damaged zone ahead of the crack tip increased. This effect could be explained by Riedel's crack growth model based on the grain boundary cavitation. Therefore, it is necessary to take the effect of creep damaged zone into account, when we evaluate the creep crack growth rate of structural components used for long time at high temperature.
Ancient methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : expanding current knowledge using molecular epidemiological characterization of a Swiss legacy collection (2023)

Abstract Few methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from the early years of its global emergence have been sequenced. Knowledge about evolutionary factors promoting the success of specific MRSA multi-locus sequence types (MLSTs) remains scarce. We aimed to characterize a legacy MRSA collection isolated from 1965 to 1987 and compare it against publicly available international and local genomes. We accessed 451 ancient (1965-1987) Swiss MRSA isolates, stored in the Culture Collection of Switzerland. We determined phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and performed Illumina short-read sequencing on all isolates and long-read sequencing on a selection with Oxford Nanopore Technology. For context, we included 103 publicly available international genomes from 1960 to 1992 and sequenced 1207 modern Swiss MRSA isolates from 2007 to 2022. We analyzed the core genome (cg)MLST and predicted SCC mec cassette types, AMR, and virulence genes. Among the 451 ancient Swiss MRSA isolates, we found 17 sequence types (STs) of which 11 have been previously described. Two STs were novel combinations of known loci and six isolates carried previously unsubmitted MLST alleles, representing five new STs (ST7843, ST7844, ST7837, ST7839, and ST7842). Most isolates (83% 376/451) represented ST247-MRSA-I isolated in the 1960s, followed by ST7844 (6% 25/451), a novel single locus variant (SLV) of ST239. Analysis by cgMLST indicated that isolates belonging to ST7844-MRSA-III cluster within the diversity of ST239-MRSA-IIII. Early MRSA were predominantly from clonal complex (CC) 8. From 1980 to the end of the 20 th century we observed that CC22 and CC5 as well as CC8 were present, both locally and internationally. The combined analysis of 1761 ancient and contemporary MRSA isolates across more than 50 years uncovered novel STs and allowed us a glimpse into the lineage flux between Swiss and international MRSA across time.
Flavonoid-Enriched Apple Fraction AF4 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest, DNA Topoisomerase II Inhibition, and Apoptosis in Human Liver Cancer HepG2 Cells (2014)

Apples are a major source of dietary phytochemicals such as flavonoids in the Western diet. Here we report anticancer properties and possible mechanism of action of apple flavonoid-enriched fraction (AF4) isolated from the peels of Northern Spy apples in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2. Treatment with AF4 induced cell growth inhibition in HepG2 cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. Concentration of 50 μg/ml (50 μg total monomeric polyphenols/ml) AF4 was sufficient to induce a significant reduction in cell viability within 6 h of treatment (92%, P < 0.05) but had very low toxicity (minimum 4% to maximum 16%) on primary liver and lung cells, which was significantly lower than currently prescribed chemotherapy drug Sorafenib (minimum 29% to maximum 49%, P < 0.05). AF4 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells within 6 h of treatment via activation of caspase-3. Cell cycle analysis via flow-cytometer showed that AF4 induced G2/M phase arrest. Further, results showed that AF4 acts as a strong DNA topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor, which may be a plausible reason to drive the cells to apoptosis. Overall, our data suggests that AF4 possesses a significantly stronger antiproliferative and specific action than Sorafenib in vitro and is a potential natural chemotherapy agent for treatment of liver cancer.