gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Pool Size and Synthesis Rate of Bile Acids by Measurements in Blood of Patients with Liver Disease (1980)

1. A simplified technique for the measurement of bile-acid pool size and synthesis rate has been developed in patients with liver disease. Isotope dilution studies in blood and bile were performed after intravenous injection of [24-14C]cholic acid with radioimmunoassay for the measurement of the bile-acid concentration. The interpolated pool sizes and synthesis rates, determined from results from both blood and bile, were not significantly different. The concentration of bile acids in the blood of healthy controls was not sufficiently elevated to permit application of this technique. 2. Three out of six patients with cirrhosis had a markedly reduced pool size compared with that of controls, whereas those with cholestasis had an unchanged pool size. The daily synthesis rate was reduced in both groups. Liver disease caused a redistribution (0.5-16%) of the bile-acid pool to the blood, which was associated with enhanced urinary excretion of cholic acid and its metabolites.
Regulation of the expression of ICAM-1 on human monocytes and monocytic tumor cell lines (1992)

In this study we investigated the mechanisms regulating expression of ICAM-1 that plays an important role for Ag presentation, on peripheral blood monocytes, and three myelomonocytic cell lines representing different stages of monocyte maturation. ICAM-1 expression on freshly isolated monocytes was low in all donors tested. After 16- to 20-h incubation, about a 20-fold increase was observed, whereas ICAM-1 expression on lymphocytes did not change. This marked increase in Ag expression was specific for ICAM-1, because expression of other monocyte Ag remained unchanged (alpha-chain of lymphocyte function-associated Ag-1) or decreased (ICAM-2, alpha-chains of CR3 and CR4, their common beta-chain and Fc gamma RI) during overnight incubation; only HLA-DR showed a slight increase. Enhanced expression of ICAM-1 was not caused by adherence; it was also not due to trace amounts of IFN-gamma possibly present under our culture conditions. Endotoxin contamination of the medium was excluded as a cause for the enhanced expression, and neither LPS nor its antagonist polymyxin B were able to alter ICAM-1 expression. Whole blood culture almost completely prevented up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression, thus apparently mimicking the in vivo situation. Culture of monocytes together with other PBMC had no significant influence on monocyte ICAM-1 levels. From 12 different cytokines tested for their ability to modulate "spontaneous" up-regulation of ICAM-1 in culture, only IFN-gamma was found to increase expression about twofold. This effect was also observed in whole blood culture. All other cytokines had no significant effect. In contrast, ICAM-1 expression on two of the three cell lines (KG1 and HL60) was inducible by TNF-alpha to a much higher degree than by IFN-gamma, whereas the results with U937 were comparable with those obtained for normal monocytes. The protein- and RNA-synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide and actinomycin D prevented expression of ICAM-1 in a dose-dependent fashion. In Northern blot experiments no difference in the amounts of mRNA was observed between freshly isolated and cultured monocytes, indicating that "spontaneous" induction of ICAM-1 is regulated at a posttranscriptional level. In contrast, stimulation with IFN-gamma caused a significant increase of detectable RNA comparable to that observed for Ag expression. These results disclose a very special regulation of ICAM-1 expression on monocytes which could be consistent with the view that ICAM-1 is actively down-regulated in vivo until the monocyte leaves the circulation.
A system-on-chip and paper-based inkjet printed electrodes for a hybrid wearable bio-sensing system (2012)

This paper presents a hybrid wearable bio-sensing system, which combines traditional small-area low-power and high-performance System-on-Chip (SoC), flexible paper substrate and cost-effective Printed Electronics. Differential bio-signals are measured, digitized, stored and transmitted by the SoC. The total area of the chip is 1.5 × 3.0 mm(2). This enables the miniaturization of the wearable system. The electrodes and interconnects are inkjet printed on paper substrate and the performance is verified in in-vivo tests. The quality of electrocardiogram signal sensed by printed electrodes is comparable with commercial electrodes, with noise level slightly increased. The paper-based inkjet printed system is flexible, light and thin, which makes the final system comfortable for end-users. The hybrid bio-sensing system offers a potential solution to the next generation wearable healthcare technology.
Hybrid systems using Optical Wireless, Fiber Optics and WLAN for temporary multimedia applications (2007)

Real estate investors nowadays request more and more high-performance buildings to be competitive on the market and to deliver its users the highest convenience. To present the convergence of telephony (SIP VoIP), Internet services via WLAN and digital TV this paper shows the interaction of state of the art last mile access technologies (WLAN, FSO, fiber optics) in combination with high (HDTV) and low (SDTV) resolution multimedia signals during a test setup. Advantages and disadvantages of the used technologies in this special case will be shown and discussed.
Stable low-copy-number Staphylococcus aureus shuttle vectors (2003)

A series of Staphylococcus aureus-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors were constructed which contained the replication and maintenance functions of the S. aureus theta-mode multiresistance plasmid pSK1. The utility of the newly constructed vectors was demonstrated by the successful cloning and expression of several genes that had previously proven difficult to express in S. aureus. Additional vectors which permit the generation of transcriptional and translational fusions to an S. aureus blaZ reporter gene were also produced and subsequently employed to determine the relative strengths in S. aureus of a number of promoters. By utilizing the theta-mode replication functions of pSK1, the shuttle vectors described largely avoided the segregational and structural stability problems frequently encountered with Gram-positive rolling-circle-based vectors. In addition, these plasmids represent vectors which are suitable for the analysis of genes in S. aureus at low copy number.
Mid-Term Results of Ross Procedure: Our Limited Experience (2006)

From February 1995 to February 2005, 30 patients underwent the Ross procedure with the root replacement technique. There were 20 males (66.7%) and 10 females (33.3%), aged 13 to 49 years. The diagnosis was aortic stenosis in 12 patients (40%), aortic regurgitation in 10 (33%), mixed stenosis and regurgitation in 6 (20%), prosthetic endocarditis with an aortic root abscess in 1 (3.3%), and a perivalvular leak in 1 (3.3%). There was no early or late death. Six patients (20%) suffered 7 significant operative complications. Over a median follow-up of 65 months (range, 4-114 months), there were 3 re-operations for autograft failure and 2 for homograft failure. No patient experienced a cerebrovascular accident, and all but one were free from endocarditis. Freedom from autograft failure was 94.1% +/- 5.7% at 5 years and 79.5% +/- 10.7% at 8 years, while freedom from homograft failure was 96.6% +/- 3.4% at 5 years and 88.5% +/- 8.3% at 8 years. Our midterm results show that good early and late survival can be obtained in young patients with aortic valve disease. Re-exploration for bleeding and late autograft failure are the main concerns of this challenging operation, especially early in the surgeon's learning-curve.
MicroRNA expression within neuronal-derived small extracellular vesicles in frontotemporal degeneration (2022)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA that are powerful regulators of gene expression and can affect the expression of hundreds of genes. miRNAs can be packed in small extracellular vesicles (SEV) and released into the extracellular space by neurons and microglia to act locally as well as pass through the blood-brain barrier and act systemically. We sought to understand the differences in neuronal SEV miRNA expression between frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and healthy aging. Plasma was obtained from FTD, AD, and healthy aging participants that were matched based on age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Additionally, a subset of participants also provided paired cerebrospinal fluid samples to compare neuronal SEV miRNAs in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Neuronal SEV were isolated using differential ultracentrifugation and antibody conjugated Dynabeads® for the neuronal surface marker, L1CAM. RNA sequencing was performed. 12 FTD, 11 with AD, and 10 healthy aging participants were enrolled in the study. In FTD, SEV miRNA-181c was downregulated compared to healthy controls. In AD, miRNA-122 and miRNA-3591 were downregulated compared to those in healthy controls and FTD. Using an FDR <0.2, only miRNA-21-5p was found to have increased expression in the cerebrospinal fluid compared to plasma in a group of AD and FTD participants. SEV miRNA-181c is significantly downregulated in FTD compared to healthy controls and may mediate its effects through microglial-directed neuroinflammation and interaction with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) based on pathway analysis. Additionally, the FOXO and Hippo pathways may be important mediators of FTD, based on pathway analysis. Lastly, because only one SEV miRNA was differentially expressed between the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in paired samples, plasma represents an appropriate biofluid for studying neuronal SEV miRNA.
FORMATION OF ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES (2018)

In modern economic conditions, one of the important factors in the stable functioning of Ukrainian enterprises is the successful implementation of innovation activities, which allows them to be highly competitive. However, according to research results, the introduction of various innovations at domestic enterprises is usually carried out from time to time, but not on an ongoing basis. This testifies to the low innovation activity of enterprises in Ukraine. The number of enterprises introducing innovations decreases with each passing year and is now 12-14%, which is less in 3-4 times than in innovative economies. Most industrial enterprises of medium and large businesses did not implement or aim at implementing innovative projects in the future. One of the reasons for this is the lack of proper experience in managing innovations and an effective organizational and economic mechanism for managing innovation activities. Thus, the necessary condition for successful management is the formation and use of a holistic organizational and economic mechanism for the management of innovative activities, which would provide for a clear order of its elements and the effectiveness of their interaction. In the article the existing organizational and economic mechanisms of management of innovation activity are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are allocated, which in the future will allow to form an effective mechanism by which management of innovative activity at industrial enterprises will lead to their high activity.
Magnetically-actuated, bead-enhanced silicon photonic immunosensor (2015)

Magnetic actuation has been introduced to an optical immunosensor technology resulting in improvements in both rapidity and limit of detection for an assay quantitating low concentrations of a representative protein biomarker. For purposes of demonstration, an assay was designed for monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), a small cytokine which regulates migration and infiltration of monocytes and macrophages, and is an emerging biomarker for several diseases. The immunosensor is based on arrays of highly multiplexed silicon photonic microring resonators. A one-step sandwich immunoassay was performed and the signal was further enhanced through a tertiary recognition event between biotinylated tracer antibodies and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. By integrating a magnet under the sensor chip, magnetic beads were rapidly directed towards the sensor surface resulting in improved assay performance metrics. Notably, the time required in the bead binding step was reduced by a factor of 11 (4 vs 45 min), leading to an overall decrease in assay time from 73 min to 32 min. The magnetically-actuated assay also lowered the limit of detection (LOD) for MCP-1 from 124 pg mL<sup>-1</sup> down to 57 pg mL<sup>-1</sup>. In sum, the addition of magnetic actuation into bead-enhanced sandwich assays on a silicon photonic biosensor platform might facilitate improved detection of biomarkers in point-of-care diagnostics settings.
3D human ear modelling with parameterization technique and variation analysis (2023)

Anthropometry is vital to provide design references when seeking proper product fit. Nowadays, 3D anthropometry is widely used to provide more size and shape details for improving product designs. However, 3D ear anthropometry is still at an explorative stage, considering the complex ear morphology and other technical obstacles. The proposed research method in this study is applicable to analyse the 3D point cloud of the entire external ear. With the cross-parameterisation technique, the dataset was used to explore the morphological characteristics of the ear. Ear dimensions were automatically extracted and further analysed to explore the gender and symmetry differences using two-way ANOVA. The 3D ear models were investigated through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The most significant variation was found in the helix and concha region, and the overall ear size is the second important factor determining ear variance. The statistical models were generated as 3D design references for ear-related products.<b>Practitioner summary:</b> This study revealed the morphological variations of the entire 3D external ear with a parameterised 3D ear dataset. Based on the PCA findings, a set of statistical models were generated as design references for product evaluation digitally or physically.
Supplementary Figure 2 from RhoC Is an Unexpected Target of RhoGDI2 in Prevention of Lung Colonization of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 2. Effect of RhoC knock down in LuL2 bladder cancer cells A. Expression of RhoA and RhoC in LuL2 cells following stable knock down of RhoC by shRNA. Representative western blots shown. B. Invasion of LuL2 cells expressing shCont or shRhoC-1 through matrigel was determined using a transwell assay. Results expressed as number of invaded cells per well presented as the mean{plus minus} S.E. *P&lt;0.05. Independent experiments (n=3) were performed in triplicate. C. Colony formation in soft agar was assessed in LuL2 cells expressing shCont or shRhoC-1. Bargraph indicates the number of colonies formed and is presented as the mean{plus minus} S.E. *P&lt;0.05. Independent experiments (n=3) were performed in triplicate.&lt;/p&gt;
Learning using privileged information: similarity control and knowledge transfer (2015)

This paper describes a new paradigm of machine learning, in which Intelligent Teacher is involved. During training stage, Intelligent Teacher provides Student with information that contains, along with classification of each example, additional privileged information (for example, explanation) of this example. The paper describes two mechanisms that can be used for significantly accelerating the speed of Student's learning using privileged information: (1) correction of Student's concepts of similarity between examples, and (2) direct Teacher-Student knowledge transfer.
Automated Drilling Fluid Rheology Characterization with Downhole Pressure Sensor Data (2015)

Abstract Measuring rheological properties of drilling fluids for optimum maintenance and wellbore hydraulic management is one the most important tasks during any drilling operation. In current drilling practice, such measurement is carried out by a mud engineer at the rig site using test protocols and equipment that quantify the relationship between the fluid's shear stress and shear rate, as standardized by API. Usually, measurements are conducted at atmospheric pressure and standardized temperature. Therefore, these rheological properties are generally not representative of the actual downhole pressure and temperature conditions, particularly not when it comes to deeper and more complex wells. This paper presents a novel method to determine mud rheological parameters in real-time by using downhole sensor data. The well itself is used as the equivalent of a large pipe viscometer, with pressure measurements conducted along its length using sensors placed at strategic positions in the drillstring. Contrary to traditional methods, rheology determination is performed automatically at downhole pressure and temperature, without any human interaction and without the need for any rheology measurement equipment on surface. Frictional pressure loss is recorded at several flow rates, preferably while ramping up pump rates after making connections, and parameters associated with two- and three-parameter rheological models (e.g. the n, K and τo parameters of the Yield Power Law (YPL) also known as Herschel-Bulkley model, which most accurately describes the majority of drilling fluids) are derived. In addition, time-dependent fluid characteristics such as gel strength can also be quantified using this method. Pressure data from wired (intelligent) drillpipe during field trials with a 12.6 ppg synthetic based mud was used to clearly validate the applicability of the new method in the field. Comparison of surface and downhole rheological parameters yielded excellent agreement, showing that the method can be applied successfully in the field when downhole pressure measurement techniques are available. This novel approach represents a significant step in the direction of achieving full automation of drilling fluid property monitoring and maintenance with an elegant method that requires no human interaction, eliminating the need for surface measurement equipment, while representing more accurately the downhole pressure and temperature environment. Given the importance of accurate rheology characterization, particularly in the new era of active annular pressure management using managed pressure drilling (MPD) and dual gradient drilling (DGD) techniques that rely heavily on accurate hydraulics modeling, the benefits are self-evident.
Halothane-dependent release of intracellular Ca2+ in blood cells in malignant hyperthermia (1990)

The concentration of ionized cytosolic calcium [( Ca2+]i) was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal and malignant hyperthermia (MH)-susceptible humans and pigs, using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator indo-1. [Ca2+]i was slightly but significantly elevated in cells from MH human cells relative to normal cells (198 +/- 18 nM, n = 15, and 146 +/- 14 nM, n = 11, respectively, P less than 0.05). Anesthetic concentrations of halothane in the cell suspension resulted in a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i in cells from both normal and MH humans or pigs. The increases (delta) were more pronounced in cells from MH subjects than from normal individuals (delta at 5.7 mM halothane: 245 +/- 53 vs. 57 +/- 11 nM, respectively) and from MH than from normal pigs (delta of 241 +/- 63 vs. 53 +/- 27 nM, respectively). Removal of extracellular Ca2+ obliterated the delta[Ca2+]i caused by halothane in cells from normal humans or pigs but only decreased by about half the delta[Ca2+]i in cells from MH humans or pigs. In 1,2-bis-(aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA)-loaded cells, in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, halothane failed to increase [Ca2+]i. This suggests that buffering Cai2+ with BAPTA precludes detection of release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, explaining the previous observations made with quin2, a highly chelating Ca2+ indicator. It is concluded that clinical concentrations of halothane allow influx of Ca2+ in cells from both normal and MH-susceptible individuals but release Ca2+ from intracellular stores selectively in cells from the latter group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bradycardia-dependent rise in the atrial capture threshold early after cardiac pacemaker implantation in patients with sick sinus syndrome (2015)

After the implantation of a cardiac implantable electronic device, a rise in the capture threshold is a common complication that requires early reintervention. Precise measurements of the sensing amplitude and capture threshold are important to estimate lead position and stability and to determine sensing and pacing settings. Although pacing rate is commonly thought not to significantly affect capture threshold, we encountered 3 patients undergoing pacemaker implantation for sick sinus syndrome (SSS) in whom the pacing rate was a critical determinant of successful capture of the atrial myocardium because of a bradycardia-dependent rise in the atrial capture threshold.
Board assisted-BIST: Long and short term solutions for testpoint erosion &#x2014; Reaching into the DFx toolbox (2012)

Testpoint erosion, the continuously increasing loss of physical net/node access at the In-Circuit Test process step is putting board test strategies at risk [1]. In response, the International Electronics Manufacturing Industry (iNEMI) [2] 2009 road map and gap analysis [3] efforts launched a Technology Integration Group (TIG) ‘Built-in Self-Test Project’ or ‘BIST projecty’ [4] to drive a new test strategy. Integrated Circuit (IC) BIST was identified as a solution and the electronics industry was surveyed to ratify the decision. After analysis of the survey, the TIG determined that a two-tier strategy was needed. This paper presents key survey findings and the two tier strategies for both the long and short term to identify standardization requirements for IC BIST usage at the board-level.
A Study on Image-based Moving Direction Detection and Camera Control for Construction Machine Automatic Tracking (2019)

It's necessary to recover quickly after disasters occur. However, the workers can't work in seriously damaged area because there is a possibility of secondary disaster. Therefore, the remote controlled construction machines are used to restore the damaged area. But now, the operator of these machines needs to be helped by a person who operates camera. The camera is manually operated by the operator. So, there is a problem that some persons are assigned to the camera operators and a difference in work efficiency is caused depending on their skill level. In order to solve this problem, we are developing an automatic tracking camera control system for construction machine operators by using image processing. It works well like manual camera operation. However, the reproduction of the skilled camera operation is still not enough. Therefore, we aimed to improve the system. In this paper, to improve the system, we recognized the moving direction of the construction machine from the image by image processing. In addition, using this recognition results, we improved the system to display more suitable image to machine operator according to the recognized moving direction.