gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HLA typing by Reference Strand Mediated Conformation Analysis (RSCA). (1999)

Reference Strand Mediated Conformation Analysis (RSCA) is a novel conformational method that offers high resolution and high sample throughput for typing the HLA class I and class II genes. This technique differs from conventional sequence-based typing methodologies in that the HLA type is assigned on the basis of accurate measurement of conformation-dependent DNA mobility in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (AGE). RSCA utilises a fluorescent-labelled locus-specific reference DNA to selectively modify the molecular conformation of the tested DNA. The use of laser-based instrumentation and computer software, in addition to internal DNA markers for correction of gel variability, allows the discrimination of HLA alleles which differ by one nucleotide in a DNA fragment nearly as large as a kilobase in length. RSCA has been successfully applied in blind studies of HLA typing, demonstrating that is reproducible, able to identify new alleles and able to resolve ambiguous heterozygous combinations.
Balancing cooperation and risk in intrusion detection (2000)

Early systems for networked intrusion detection (or, more generally, intrusion or misuse management) required either a centralized architecture or a centralized decision-making point, even when the data gathering was distributed. More recently, researchers have developed far more decentralized intrusion detection systems using a variety of techniques. Such systems often rely upon data sharing between sites which do not have a common administrator and therefore cooperation will be required in order to detect and respond to security incidents. It has therefore become important to address cooperation and data sharing in a formal manner. In this paper, we discuss the detection of distributed attacks across cooperating enterprises. We begin by defining relationships between cooperative hosts, then use the take-grant model to identify both when a host could identify a widespread attack and when that host is at increased risk due to data sharing. We further refine our definition of potential identification using access, integrity, and cooperation policies which limit sharing. Finally, we include a brief description of both a simple Prolog model encorporating data sharing policies and a prototype cooperative intrusion detection system.
Meat Intake and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Dr Chiu and colleagues<sup>1</sup>reported that a high meat diet and a high intake of fat from animal sources was associated with an increased risk of NHL. The authors did not comment on the extensive literature pointing to an association between herbicides and other chemicals contaminated with dioxins and NHL. The most recent review of the published scientific literature by the Herbicide Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, concluded, "The recent scientific literature continues to support the conclusion that there is a positive association between exposure to herbicides and non-Hodgkins lymphoma."<sup>2</sup> Highly lipophilic and persistent chlorinated dioxins and the related chlorinated dibenzofurans are readily detected in tissues of persons residing in industrial countries, such as the United States, and considerably lower levels are found in tissues of persons from less industrial countries. A recent Environmental Protection Agency review concludes
SETTLEMENT CALCULATIONS OF A HIGHWAY EMBANKMENT ON SOFT GROUND (1999)

The settlement of a highway embankment on soft soil is calculated using a standard method of the deformation modulus and compared with a more sophisticated approach using hypoplastic and viscoplastic models. Advantages of realistic soil models are discussed and a comparison with the measured in situ settlement is given.
MR Appearance of Uterine Dehiscence in the Post-Cesarean Section Patient (1998)

MR features may be utilized to identify total uterine dehiscence and may be more effective than CT.
Epidemiology of new-onset atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (2018)

Each year, ~800 000 people undergo CABG worldwide; >264 000 will develop post-CABG AF. Onset is typically 2-3 days post-CABG and episodes last, on average, several hours. Effective prophylaxis and management is urgently needed to reduce associated risks of adverse outcomes.
Quality Control for Noncriteria Air Pollutants: Results from the ATEOS Project (1986)

While quality control has been defined and implemented for ambient criteria pollutant monitoring, such as for SO2, O3 and total suspended particulates, most of the noncriteria air pollutants currently being measured have not been subject to similar levels of data assurance.. The New Jersey Project on Airborne Toxic Elements and Organic Substances (ATEOS) included the measurement of nearly 50 gaseous and particulate phase noncriteria pollutants, within the structure of a rigorous quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program. The following report details the QA/QC results for the particulate and vapor phase pollutants measured during the ATEOS project. Consideration is given to a number of basic differences between measuring inorganic and organic pollutants including method detection limits, number of valid samples, and precision and accuracy of the overall methods. Particular emphasis is placed on how the QA/QC data place limits on statistical analyses of noncriteria air pollutant data sets.
Nitrogen-rich graphene from small molecules as high performance anode material (2014)

Nitrogen-rich graphene sheets were successfully achieved via facile thermal condensation of glucose and dicyandiamide at different temperatures during which dicyandiamide acts both as nitrogen source and sacrifice template. Devoid of surfactants or poisonous organic solvents, this small-molecule synthetic approach is a simple and cost-effective way to obtain nitrogen-rich graphene sheets (NRGS) with high specific surface area and large pore volume. Shown to be a promising anode material, the NRGS displayed high reversible capacity, excellent rate capability, and superior cycle performance. The superior lithium-storage performance is ascribed to the unique features of NRGS, including a large quantity of defects due to the high nitrogen doping level, favorable lithium ion transportation channels by virtue of the large surface area, and ultrahigh pore volume, as well as the crumpled two-dimensional structure.
DETERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL DROPLET CHARGE IN ELECTROSPRAYS FROM PDPA MEASUREMENTS (2002)

Determination of the droplet specific charge (charge-to-mass ratio) for a c one-jet i s described b ased o n Phase Doppler Interferometry measurements of droplet size and velocities. In an electrospray process theoretical limits on the charge of a droplet are imposed by the Rayleigh and Paschen equations. Electrostatically charged sprays have a wide variety of applications s uch as automobile painting, micro electronic, ultra thin film coating, medical, and inhalation therapy sprays. The influence of applied voltage on the drop size distribution is dominant in many applications.
Broadside Dual-Channel Orthogonal-Polarization Radiation Using a Double-Asymmetric Periodic Leaky-Wave Antenna (2017)

This paper demonstrates that double unit-cell asymmetry in periodic leaky-wave antennas (P-LWAs), i.e., asymmetry with respect to both the longitudinal and transversal axes of the structure-longitudinal asymmetry (LA) and transversal asymmetry (TA)-allows for the simultaneous broadside radiation of two orthogonal modes excited at the two ports of the antenna. This means that the antenna may simultaneously support two orthogonal channels, which represents interesting polarization diversity characteristics for wireless communications. The double asymmetric (DA) unit cell combines a circularly polarized LA unit cell and a coupled mode TA unit cell, where the former provides equal radiation in the series and shunt modes while the latter separates these two modes in terms of their excitation ports. It is also shown that the degree of TA in the DA unit cell controls the cross-polarization discrimination level. The DA P-LWA concept is illustrated by two examples, a series-fed line-connected patch (SF-LCP) P-LWA and a series-fed capacitively coupled patch (SF-CCP) P-LWA, via full-wave simulation and also experiment for the SF-LCP P-LWA case.
Evidence for a Major Role for Glucagon in Regulation of Plasma Glucose in Conscious, Nondiabetic, and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits (1996)

Effects of glucagon immunoneutralization on plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon were studied 2–4 h after intravenous injection of a high-affinity, monoclonal glucagon antibody into normal as well as moderately and severely alloxan (ALX)-induced diabetic rabbits (n = 5–7). A monoclonal trinitrophenyl antibody was used in control studies. Endogenous glucagon was completely neutralized as evidenced by undetectable levels of free glucagon and high plasma glucagon-binding capacities. In postabsorbtive normal rabbits, glucagon neutralization decreased plasma glucose by 2.2 ± 0.3 mmol/l, and the resulting plasma levels of insulin and glucagon (indirectly measured) were 8 ± 3 and 640 ± 129% of baseline, respectively. However, when euglycemia was maintained by means of glucose infusion (steady-state plasma glucose and glucose infusion rate: 6.6 ± 0.1 mmol/l and 3.0 ± 0.4 mg · kg−1 · min−1), both plasma insulin and glucagon remained unaltered. Thus, the glucose infusion rate accurately reflects glucagon's contribution to postabsorbtive glucose production. In both moderately and severely diabetic rabbits, immunoneutralization of glucagon decreased plasma glucose by ∼8 mmol/l, leading to euglycemia (7.3 ± 1.1 mmol/l) and reduced hyperinsulinemia (41 ± 9% of baseline) in the former and to partial restoration of euglycemia (12.7 ± 1.8 mmol/l) and unchanged insulin levels in the latter group of diabetic rabbits (P &amp;lt; 0.05 vs. controls in all studies). No significant changes were observed in control studies. In conclusion, glucagon is an important regulator of postabsorbtive glucose production in normal rabbits and plays an important role in the maintenance of hyperglycemia in ALX-induced diabetic rabbits.
HDAC Inhibitors Potentiate the Activity of the BCR/ABL Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449 in Imatinib-Sensitive or -Resistant BCR/ABL+ Leukemia Cells In Vitro and In Vivo (2011)

HDACIs increase KW-2449 lethality in Bcr/Abl(+) cells in association with inhibition of Bcr/Abl, generation of ROS, and induction of DNA damage. This strategy preferentially targets primary Bcr/Abl(+) hematopoietic cells and exhibits enhanced in vivo activity. Combining KW-2449 with HDACIs warrants attention in IM-resistant Bcr/Abl(+) leukemias.
Comparative Analysis of Phospholipids for Two Acetobacters Producing Acetic Acid at High and Moderate Concentrations (2000)

The chemical compositions of phospholipids were comparatively examined for two acetic acid bacteria that produce acetic acid at high (20%) and moderate (12%) concentrations, i.e., Acetobacter polyoxogenes and Acetobacter sp., harvested at the stationary growth phase. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin (CL) were detected as the major phospholipids while CL was hardly present in A. polyoxogenes. PG was present in essentially the same amount in the microorganisms, and the level of PC in A. polyoxogenes was considerably higher (56%) than in A. sp. (37%). PE was significantly lower in A. polyoxogenes (11%) than in A. sp. (22%). High PC level in membranes may thus be considered due to resistance toward high concentrations of acetic acid that have accumulated in the medium. Phospholipid fatty acid compositions were basically the same for the two acetic acid bacteria, with cis-vaccenic acid being predominantly present at more than 80%. The amounts of unsaturated fatty acid components in the neutral phospholipids slightly exceeded those in the acidic phospholipids.
Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors and Hematology (1999)

Gene therapists have a special fondness for hematology. Initially, this was due to the many inherited diseases that could potentially be cured by ex vivo genetic modification of hematopoietic stem cells. Once the early murine leukemia virus (MLV) vectors were found to transduce only a small percentage of primate stem cells, the search began for other types of vectors that might work more efficiently, and adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were among the first alternatives to be investigated. Although a substantial amount of work with AAV vectors has occurred over the last several years, the bulk of evidence suggests that they transduce hematopoietic stem cells poorly, and that they will not replace retroviral vectors in stem cell gene transfer applications. Instead, it is applications involving the production of secreted proteins that now appear especially promising for AAV vectors, where they are delivered by direct injection rather than ex vivo cell manipulation. Recent animal studies have shown that AAV vectors encoding factor IX can lead to long-term, therapeutic clotting factor levels after in vivo administration, setting the stage for what may well be a cure for hemophilia B in the near future. Animal experiments have also shown that AAV vectors expressing erythropoietin can produce dramatic increases in hematocrit levels. Here we will review the role of AAV vectors in the field of hematology, including the basic biology of AAV, vector transduction properties, their use in hematopoietic cells, and their potential for delivering secreted proteins such as clotting factors and cytokines.
Seedling Emergence and Growth of Solid Matrix Primed Kentucky Bluegrass Seed (1997)

Seed priming is effective in reducing the time required for germination and emergence, and for increasing final germination and/or emergence especially under sub‐optimal conditions. This study was conducted to determine whether advanced emergence due to solid matrix priming (SMP) is followed by advanced seedling growth of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) ( Poa pratensis L.) under sub‐optimal conditions (15/5°C). Coleoptile, the second and third leaf emergence, and seedling size 28 d after emergence were examined in four cultivars, which differed in their seed sizes. Distributions of coleoptile emergence over time were significantly affected by SMP, and seedlings from SMP seed emerged more rapidly and uniformly in three cultivars. Moreover, the number of days required for 50% emergence (T 50 ) was shortened by 5 to 14 d. In contrast, the rate of second and third leaf emergence and seedling size 28 d after emergence did not differ between seedlings emerged from unprimed and SMP seed, indicating that the vegetative growth is basically determined genetically. However, SMP could subsequently enhance the mean seedling size of a population by increasing the number of seedlings that emerged rapidly. The SMP treatments could provide practical benefits on stand establishment of KBG under sub‐optimal temperatures by enhancing the mean seeding size but not by increasing the growth rate of individual seedlings.
High Power-Density SiC Converter (2008)

A compact SiC converter having power densities about 9 W/cm3 is designed and fabricated. It is confirmed that the converter operates in a thermally permissive range. The power loss of the module of the converter measured under motor operations is less than 50% of the similar-rating Si module loss. The shrink of the effective volume of DC-link capacitor is necessary to achieve the high power-density SiC converter, in addition to the decrease of the cooling system volume due to the loss reduction caused by SiC devices.
Abstract 150: Regulation of TGFB receptor by miR21 in Sezary syndrome (2011)

Abstract Sezary syndrome (SS) represents a very aggressive form of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphomas with a median overall survival of 5.1 years (range, 0.4-18.6 years). As it appears evident there are in this disease either short survivors than long survivors. Previous studies of prognostic indicators in SS showed that circulating Sézary cell count, high CD4/CD8 ratio, advanced age, high lactate dehydrogenase serum level and a high white blood cell count were associated with an unfavorable outcome. Up to now, few data have been provided concerning possible associations between immunological and genetic markers, who might provide also clues on tumor progression in this disease. In the last 10 years we have observed more than 50 Sezary Syndromes in our Institute and phenotyped them with new immunologic markers. We have also performed genetic analysis with Single Nucleotide polymorphysms (SNPs) for evaluation of genomic imbalances, mRNA expression and lately microRNA(miRNA) expression profiling. In this study we have analyzed the expression profile of 470 miRNAs using Agilent platform array in 22 SS patients. We investigated the relationship between the expression level of miRNAs and the clinical outcome of SS patients by Kaplan-Meier method and risk assessment by multivariate analysis. We also functionally investigated the role of miR-21, mapping in one of the region more frequently amplified in SS and some of its targets. We identified 45 miRNAs differentially expressed between SS and healthy controls. Using predictive analysis, a list of 19 miRNAs, including miR-21 and miR-18a, miR-342, miR-31 and let-7 members were also found. Moreover, we defined a signature of 14 miRNAs able to discriminate patients with unfavorable and favorable outcome. We show that miR-21 knockdown increases apoptosis and modulates TGF beta receptor 2 expression in vitro. The antipoptotic effect appears to be regulated through PTEN. Conversely, we were not able to observe a direct miR-21 regulation on PDCD4 gene mapping to chromosome 10q24, a frequently imbalanced region in SS. In conclusion we have identified a new prognostic miRNAs signature in SS and characterized the role of miR-21, one of the most involved in cancer, recognized as a disease and prognostic classifier in this disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 150. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-150
Cyclen-containing phosphonic acids as components of osteotropic 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals (2015)

The known methods of preparation of cyclen-containing phosphonic acids, promising components of radiopharmaceuticals, have been improved, and new approaches have been developed. Application of 31Р and 13С NMR spectroscopy for initial screening of complex formation between cyclen-containing phosphonic acids and Ga3+ in D2O has been demonstrated. The conditions of 68Ga complex formation with cyclencontaining phosphonic acids and estimation of their radiochemical yield in water by means of thin-layer chromatography have been elaborated. A correlation between the NMR and TLC data has been found. Biological distribution of the selected 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals has been determined in vivo from the positron emission tomography data. The obtained standardized uptake values point at the osteotropicity of the 68Ga compounds.
Expression and function of a recombinant endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in porcine coronary arteries (1997)

These studies demonstrate successful transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase into porcine coronary arteries as verified by histochemical localization of recombinant protein with an increase of nitric oxide release as demonstrated by enhanced nitrite production and an alteration in vasomotor function.
Near field imaging of complex metal nanostructures based on the use of azobenzene nanomotors (2013)

International audience
Concise Review: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and Their Supporting Niche Using Oncolytic Viruses (2019)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate to give rise to heterogenous cancer cell lineages in solid tumors. These CSC populations are associated with metastasis, tumor relapse, and resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. Here, we focus on the use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) to target CSCs as well as the OV-driven interferon production in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can repress CSC properties. We explore the ability of OVs to deliver combinations of immune-modulating therapeutic transgenes, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies. In particular, we highlight the advantages of virally encoded bi-specific T cell engagers (BiTEs) to not only target cell-surface markers on CSCs, but also tumor-associated antigens on contributing components of the surrounding TME and other cancer cells. We also highlight the crucial role of combination anticancer treatments, evidenced by synergy of OV-delivered BiTEs and chimeric-antigen receptor T cell therapy. Stem Cells 2019;37:716–723
Using Virtual Cities in Teaching Architecture and Urban Planning:: Auroville (2002)

The paper describes the Auroville project, which is in essence, the creation of a virtual and fictional for use in architectural education. The project is firstly a didactical method for teaching fundamental Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD). Furthermore, by encouraging the design of infrastructure projects for the city, the students are initiated in cooperative work practices. Thirdly, as the virtual has grown, the students have been confronted with urban planning issues such as conservation and renewal. Auroville is a fictive based on the writings of the Guru Sri Aurobindo. The authors have mapped out the using CAD software and essentially have created a palette of lots on which students can build. The lots are assigned or acquired by each student at the beginning of the semester and in a series of exercises stretching over the semester, a built environment is created for these lots. The lot descriptions are connected to a central CAAD server so that a complete threedimensional file structure is created. This allows the students to see the as a whole as well as the urban effects of their designs (as well as those of their neighbour's.) In the past three years, approximately 900 students have taken part in the Auroville project. Indeed, the city, as originally laid out, is well nigh full. This led the organisers to focus work on infrastructure issues such as urban transit. Nonetheless, many students wish to continue work on individual parcels. This has also led to planning proposals by the students to remove and replace so called unsightly buildings. This has allowed urban planning issues to be raised. As well, the group has attempted to find ways to democratically resolve conflicting views. These resolutions are also used to plan larger scale infrastructure projects. A seminar dedicated to designing light rail transit lines and their stations focused on the balance between commonality and individuality. Auroville can be seen as a microcosm of current urban planning problems. The accelerated speed of development in the serves the pedagogical role well. The negligible monetary costs in renewing the lots serve to highlight the other costs involved in real-world urban fragment issues such as cultural heritage, time and the image of the city. Current work is focused in three areas. Firstly, on a social engineering level, the authors are seeking to establish a city council in order to allow the students to autonomously direct the development of Auroville. Secondly, the technical conversion of the CAAD files into immersive VR files will allow real time exploration of the city. Lastly, the extension and structuring of the CAAD files could allow a wider range of analysis to take place. Additional functionality through and time-based simulation will allow technical issues such as solar gain, wind movement, traffic analysis, etc to be taught using the virtual Auroville.