gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tolerance, Mixed Chimerism, and Chronic Transplant Arteriopathy (2001)

Much evidence supports the conclusion that immunological responses to donor-specific incompatibilities are a major factor in producing "chronic" transplant rejection, including the arteriopathy (atherosclerosis) commonly present. Our experiments explored the effects of altered immunological responsiveness to these Ags on the formation of arteriopathy in transplanted mouse hearts. Specific immunological nonreactivity, or tolerance, was induced either by neonatal administration of allogeneic spleen cells (from F(1) donors between class I-mismatched donor and recipient strains), resulting in "classical" immunological tolerance, or by bone marrow infusion to suitably prepared adult recipients, either fully MHC mismatched or class I mismatched, yielding "mixed chimerism." Both approaches obviated systemic graft-versus-host effects. In both groups, donor-specific skin grafts survived perfectly and donor cell chimerism persisted. Specific Abs were undetectable in all recipients. Most transplants to either group of tolerant recipients developed striking vasculopathy in their coronary arteries (12 of 15 in neonatal tolerance and 15 of 23 in mixed chimeras). Neointimal infiltrates included CD4 and CD8 T cells and macrophages. Only 2 of 29 contemporary isotransplants showed any evidence of vasculopathy. Recipients essentially incapable of T and B cell responses (C.B-17/SCID and RAG1(-/-)) were also used. Transplants into these animals developed vasculopathy in 16 of 31 instances. Accordingly, in this setting, vasculopathy develops in the presence of H-2 gene-determined incompatibility even with minimal conventional immune reactivity. Perhaps innate responsiveness, that could include NK cell activity, can create such arteriopathic lesions. More evidence is being sought regarding this process.
Electrical Models of SOFC for Power Generation (2012)

This paper presents Electrical model of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for its applications of power generation. Based on the linearization of the V-I curve of Electrochemical-Electric-potential ECE model of planner anode-supported intermediate high temperature SOFC, Voltage-Source-Series-Resistance (VSSR) model for SOFC working in a stack is proposed, which is found suitable for equivalence to ECE model under steady states. Based on the VSSR model and laboratory time data, Multi-Voltage-Source-Series-Resistance (MVSSR) model is further proposed. The proposed electrical models with limitations pointed out at the end of the paper are for stationary analysis of the power systems bedded with SOFCs for power generation.
Methods and metrics for cold-start recommendations (2002)

We have developed a method for recommending items that combines content and collaborative data under a single probabilistic framework. We benchmark our algorithm against a naïve Bayes classifier on the cold-start problem, where we wish to recommend items that no one in the community has yet rated. We systematically explore three testing methodologies using a publicly available data set, and explain how these methods apply to specific real-world applications. We advocate heuristic recommenders when benchmarking to give competent baseline performance. We introduce a new performance metric, the CROC curve, and demonstrate empirically that the various components of our testing strategy combine to obtain deeper understanding of the performance characteristics of recommender systems. Though the emphasis of our testing is on cold-start recommending, our methods for recommending and evaluation are general.
Application of Pulsed Electric Fields to Pilot and Industrial Scale Virgin Olive Oil Extraction: Impact on Organoleptic and Functional Quality (2022)

The quality of virgin olive oil (VOO) is largely determined by the technology used in the industrial process of extracting the oil. Technological innovations within this field aim to strike a proper balance between oil yield and the optimal chemical composition of VOO. The application of pulsed electric fields (PEF) that cause the electroporation of the plant cell membranes favors a more efficient breakage of the olive fruit tissue, which in turn could facilitate the extraction of the oil and some of its key minor components. Pilot-scale and industrial extraction tests have been conducted to assess the effect of PEF technology on the oil extraction yield and on the organoleptic and functional quality of VOO. The best results were obtained by combining the PEF treatment (2 kV/cm) with short malaxation times and a low processing temperature. Under these conditions, PEF technology could decisively improve the oil yield by up to 25% under optimal conditions and enhance the incorporation of phenolic and volatile compounds into the oils. The PEF treatment neither affected the physicochemical parameters used to determine the commercial categories of olive oils, nor the tocopherol content. Similarly, the sensory evaluation of the PEF-extracted oils by means of a panel test did not detect the appearance of any defect or off-flavor. In addition, the intensity of positive attributes (fruity, bitter and pungent) was generally higher in PEF oils than in control oils.
Titanium(0) Arene Complexes: Synthesis and X‐ray Crystal Structure of [η6‐C10H8Ti{tBuSi(CH2PMe2)3}] (1988)

An unusually strong metal-arene back-bonding characterizes the bonding in the title complex 1, which is obtained in the form of deep purple-red, air-stable crystals on reduction of [TiCl3(trimpsi)(thf)], trimpsi = tBuSi(CH2PMe2)3, with naphthalenesodium in THF. This 16e-complex has an overall three-legged piano-stool geometry, and the π-bonded naphthalenring has partial dienediyl character.
Clinical impact of tissue of origin testing and mutation profiling in the Solving Unknown Primary Cancer (SUPER) national prospective study: Experience of the first two years. (2019)

3072 Background: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) has a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 12 months. SUPER is a prospective cohort study designed to create a national biobank of patients (pts) with no confirmed primary site following diagnostic work-up. Tumor and blood samples undergo mutational profiling for actionable mutations using the 386 gene PeterMac Comprehensive Cancer Panel (CCP) plus CUPGuide, a microarray gene-expression site-of-origin assay. We aimed to determine the clinical impact of CUPGuide and CCP profiling. Methods: 172 pts were enrolled between 2013-2015. Baseline demographics, treatments, investigations and clinico-pathological characteristics were collected over 12 months. Clinicians completed clinical management questionnaires before and after receiving results. Results: Molecular analysis was performed for 124/172 (72.1%) pts with sufficient DNA and/or RNA. CUPGuide was completed for 97/124 (78.2%); primary site predictions were made in 84/97 patients (86.6%). The most common primary site predictions were lung, gastric, ovary and breast. CUPGuide predictions resulted in a change in management in 10/84 (12%) of cases and confirmed current management already commenced by the clinician in 53/84 (63%). Mutation profiling was completed in 103/124 (83.1%) pts with actionable mutations found in 11 pts, 4 of whom received subsequent targeted therapy. Testing was considered to have a clinical impact in 70/120 cases (58%): either resulting in a change in treatment (n = 14), diagnosis of a pathogenic germline finding (n = 8) or a moderate/high confidence tissue of origin prediction (n = 58). There were two deaths prior to the availability of the CUPGuide results and eleven deaths prior to availability of the CCP results. Conclusions: Molecular analysis for CUP pts has clinical impact in the majority of cases. Timeliness of return of results, drug access and insufficient tissue for testing are barriers to greater impact that need to be addressed to improve the care of pts affected by CUP.
Mechanisms of action of antireflux surgery: Theory and fact (1992)

Despite the absence of definitive explanations regarding either the physiologic or surgical factors which curtail gastro-esophageal reflux, effective antireflux operations exist. This article explores the theoretical factors relevant to the surgical control of reflux. These theoretical features include: (1) the pressure, length, and location of the manometrically defined lower esophageal sphincter (LES); (2) the gastro-esophageal valve as defined by the angle of His and a mucosal flap valve; and (3) the mechanical effects of a fundoplication which serve to increase the opening pressure of the cardia and optimize the physical relationships described by the law of La Place. Finally, the relation of these theoretical factors to actual operations is discussed.
Oligosaccharides Obtained from Pretreated Wheat Straw for Use in the Food Industry (2015)

Wheat straw is an important alternative to produce biofuels, thanks to its high concentration of fermentable sugars. In addition, other products with high value-added such as oligosaccharides can be yielded from the same material. This compounds can be used in others industries such as food and pharmaceutical, since they can exhibit prebiotic activity. This effect helps the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). Thus, biomass is an appropriate material to be used in biorefinery to obtain a wide range of commercially interesting bioproducts such as biofuels or oligosaccharides with low degree of polymerization (DP). In this study, the steam explosion pretreatment has been chosen to obtain beside a solid fraction, rich in cellulose, a liquid fraction (hemicellulose) (LF). The LF consists of a long chain of xylose units, substituted with L-arabinofusanosyl and D-glucuronosyl residues. The aim of this work is to obtain the largest amount of oligosaccharides with &lt;DP8 from the LF, using several enzymes, an endoxylanase, ß-glucanase, and multienzyme complex and supplemented with ß-glucosidase (Novozymes Denmark). The results showed that 65% of the potential xylose was transformed to xylooligomers of DP2-DP6 by multienzyme-complex action. With a short time ß-glucanase enzymatic hydrolysis a depolymerization of 76% was produced.
A plain text on crypto policy (1993)

article Free Access Share on A plain text on crypto policy Author: John P. Barlow View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 36Issue 11Nov. 1993 pp 21–26https://doi.org/10.1145/163359.163378Published:01 November 1993Publication History 2citation395DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads395Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Manipulation of sink‐source relations in transgenic plants (1994)

ABSTRACT Since 1980, the use of transgenic plants in modern plant science has become a powerful tool to study whole plant physiology. In this review, we try to summarize the data obtained in the field of photoassimilate partitioning. Attempts to study sink‐source interactions concern factors which might limit sink strength and source capacity. Transgenic plants have been used to manipulate the sucrose to starch ratio in order to produce plants with higher sucrose levels in their source leaves. Alterations in partitioning were achieved by manipulating Calvin cycle enzymes, transport proteins and sucrose biosynthetic enzymes. The ability of sink tissues to attract photoassimilates has been altered by either increasing or decreasing sucrose hydrolytic activities. The increase of sucrose hydrolysis was achieved by creating transgenic potato plants with tuber specific yeast‐derived invertase. Decreased sucrose utilization was achieved by antisense inhibition of sucrose synthase in potato tubers.
[The role of RNA splicing in the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy and development of its therapeutics]. (2014)

Loss-of-function mutations in SMN1 cause spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of infant mortality. Degeneration of alpha-motor neurons that results in progressive paralysis is a pathological hallmark of SMA. Recently, peripheral-tissue involvement has also been reported in SMA. Patients have low levels of functional SMN which is attributed to alternative splicing in SMN2, a gene closely-related to SMN1. This decrease in the expression of SMN, a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in promoting snRNP assembly required for splicing, is responsible for SMA. However, the mechanism through which decrease in SMN levels causes SMA remains unclear. Currently, no curative treatment is available for SMA, but SMN restoration is thought to be necessary and sufficient for cure. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) can be designed to specifically alter splicing patterns of target pre-mRNAs. We identified an ASO that redirects SMN2 splicing and is currently in clinical trials for use as RNA-targeting therapeutics. Further, we have also reported a novel application of splicing-modulating ASOs--creation of animal phenocopy models of diseases by inducing mis-splicing. Exploring the relationship between the spatial and temporal effects of therapeutic and pathogenic ASOs yields relevant insights into the roles of SMN in SMA pathogenesis and into its normal physiological functions. This knowledge, in turn, contributes to the ongoing development of targeted therapeutics.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐L‐threo‐pentofuranosyl Nucleosides as Potential Antiviral Agents. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The CAM-S: Development and Validation of a New Scoring System for Delirium Severity in 2 Cohorts (2014)

National Institute on Aging.
In Vitro Construction of 2D and 3D Simulations of the Murine Hematopoietic Niche (2013)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) undergo multilineage differentiation or self-renewal to maintain normal hematopoiesis and to sustain the size of the HSC pool throughout life. These processes are determined by a complex interplay of molecular signals between HSC and other cellular components such as osteoblasts (OB), stromal cells, endothelial cells, and a number of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Through changes in its physical properties within the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, collagen, which is one of the most critical ECM proteins, can modulate HSC function and maintenance of the competence of the hematopoietic niche (HN). At present, there is no consensus as to how different cellular elements of the niche collaborate and interact to promote HSC self-renewal or differentiation to maintain hematopoiesis. Deciphering these interactions and the impact of mechanical properties of the collagen microstructures within the HN has critical clinical implications in the areas of stem cell homing, engraftment, and maintenance of HSC function. In this chapter, we describe several of the in vitro methodologies for establishing and maintaining HSC in vitro including the isolation of OB, stromal cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells, as well as the establishment of both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) coculture systems.
El sistema de transferencias intergubernamentales en Inglaterra: Las subvenciones compensatorias (1991)

The global Covid-19 pandemic has rapidly overwhelmed our societies, shocked the global economy and overburdened struggling health care systems and other social institutions around the world. While such impacts of Covid-19 are becoming clearer, the implications of the disease for energy and climate policy are more prosaic. This Special Section seeks to offer more clarity on the emerging connections between Covid-19 and energy supply and demand, energy governance, future low-carbon transitions, social justice, and even the practice of research methodology. It features articles that ask, and answer: What are the known and anticipated impacts of Covid-19 on energy demand and climate change? How has the disease shaped institutional responses and varying energy policy frameworks, especially in Africa? How will the disease impact ongoing social practices, innovations and sustainability transitions, including not only renewable energy but also mobility? How might the disease, and social responses to it, exacerbate underlying patterns of energy poverty, energy vulnerability, and energy injustice? Lastly, what challenges and insights does the pandemic offer for the <i>practice</i> of research, and for future research methodology? We find that without careful guidance and consideration, the brave new age wrought by Covid-19 could very well collapse in on itself with bloated stimulus packages that counter sustainability goals, misaligned incentives that exacerbate climate change, the entrenchment of unsustainable practices, and acute and troubling consequences for vulnerable groups.
A PCR-based method to amplifiy DNA with random primers: determining the chromosomal content of porcine flow-karyotype peaks by chromosome painting (1993)

Chantier qualité spécifique "Auteurs Externes" département de Génétique animale : uniquement liaison auteur au référentiel HR-Access
The MAPK Kinase Kinase TAK1 Plays a Central Role in Coupling the Interleukin-1 Receptor to Both Transcriptional and RNA-targeted Mechanisms of Gene Regulation (2001)

Mechanisms of fulminant gene induction during an inflammatory response were investigated using expression of the chemoattractant cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) as a model. Recently we found that coordinate activation of NF-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) is required for strong IL-8 transcription, whereas the p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway stabilizes the IL-8 mRNA. It is unclear how these pathways are coupled to the receptor for IL-1, an important physiological inducer of IL-8. Expression of the MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) TAK1 together with its coactivator TAB1 in HeLa cells activated all three pathways and was sufficient to induce IL-8 formation, NF-kappaB + JNK2-mediated transcription from a minimal IL-8 promoter, and p38 MAPK-mediated stabilization of a reporter mRNA containing IL-8-derived regulatory mRNA sequences. Expression of a kinase-inactive mutant of TAK1 largely blocked IL-1-induced transcription and mRNA stabilization, as well as formation of endogenous IL-8. Truncated TAB1, lacking the TAK1 binding domain, or a TAK1-derived peptide containing a TAK1 autoinhibitory domain were also efficient in inhibition. These data indicate that the previously described three-pathway model of IL-8 induction is operative in response to a physiological stimulus, IL-1, and that the MAPKKK TAK1 couples the IL-1 receptor to both transcriptional and RNA-targeted mechanisms mediated by the three pathways.
Cryptanalysis of a Chaotic Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Information Entropy (2018)

Recently, a chaotic image encryption algorithm based on information entropy (IEAIE) was proposed. This paper scrutinizes the security properties of the algorithm and evaluates the validity of the used quantifiable security metrics. When the round number is only one, the equivalent secret key of every basic operation of IEAIE can be recovered with a differential attack separately. Some common insecurity problems in the field of chaotic image encryption are found in IEAIE, e.g., the short orbits of the digital chaotic system and the invalid sensitivity mechanism built on information entropy of the plain image. Even worse, each security metric is questionable, which undermines the security credibility of IEAIE. Hence, IEAIE can only serve as a counterexample for illustrating common pitfalls in designing secure communication method for image data.
Parameter estimation using microdielectrometry with application to transformer monitoring (1987)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1988.
Improved Manufacturing Performance of Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes through Material Formulation (2016)

Printed carbon graphite materials are the primary common component in the majority of screen printed sensors. Screen printing allows a scalable manufacturing solution, accelerating the means by which novel sensing materials can make the transition from laboratory material to commercial product. A common bottleneck in any thick film printing process is the controlled drying of the carbon paste material. A study has been undertaken which examines the interaction between material solvent, printed film conductivity and process consistency. The study illustrates that it is possible to reduce the solvent boiling point to significantly increase process productivity while maintaining process consistency. The lower boiling point solvent also has a beneficial effect on the conductivity of the film, reducing the sheet resistance. It is proposed that this is a result of greater film stressing increasing charge percolation through greater inter particle contact. Simulations of material performance and drying illustrate that a multi layered printing provides a more time efficient manufacturing method. The findings have implications for the volume manufacturing of the carbon sensor electrodes but also have implications for other applications where conductive carbon is used, such as electrical circuits and photovoltaic devices.
Cost-efficient mining techniques for data streams (2004)

A data stream is a continuous and high-speed flow of data items. High speed refers to the phenomenon that the data rate is high relative to the computational power. The increasing focus of applications that generate and receive data streams stimulates the need for online data stream analysis tools. Mining data streams is a real time process of extracting interesting patterns from high-speed data streams. Mining data streams raises new problems for the data mining community in terms of how to mine continuous high-speed data items that you can only have one look at. In this paper, we propose algorithm output granularity as a solution for mining data streams. Algorithm output granularity is the amount of mining results that fits in main memory before any incremental integration. We show the application of the proposed strategy to build efficient clustering, frequent items and classification techniques. The empirical results for our clustering algorithm are presented and discussed which demonstrate acceptable accuracy coupled with efficiency in running time.
Dynamic, Time-Resolved Computed Tomography Angiography Technique to Characterize Aortic Endoleak Type, Inflow and Provide Guidance for Targeted Treatment (2021)

D-CTA imaging with TAC analysis characterizes aortic endoleak type and inflow, in addition to providing image guidance for targeted endoleak treatment. Such dynamic, time-resolved imaging techniques may provide further insights into understanding aortic endoleak that remains an Achilles heel for endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.