gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Writing blocks (2007)

This paper focuses on the cognitive support of the revising activities of writing, especially the global revising activity. Most of previous writing support systems emphasize the support of content generating activities. As for revising, some of these systems have provided automatic spell check and grammar check features. However, revising should not be confined only to these local superficial changes. In this paper, we aim to support the revising activities through providing a new visualization and interaction that encourages writers to revise globally. We have built a system called Writing Blocks to confirm the feasibility of our approach. Our preliminary user study, which was conducted with three subjects, helped us to gain a perspective on the effectiveness of our approach especially in supporting revising scenarios such as the revising of scripts for time-restricted presentations and the revising of global usage of terms in long documents according to their contexts.
Optimum Design and Realization of MMIC Power Amplifiers (1989)

This paper describes a methodology to design MMIC multistage amplifiers with the aims of maximum output power and minimum DC consumption. This method is illustrated with the example of an X Band amplifier. This circuit, with a size of 2.8 × 4 mm2 exhibits an output power greater than 1.5 W, from 7 to 10.5 GHz with a power added efficiency of 20%.
Association of serious adverse events with Cheyne–Stokes respiration characteristics in patients with systolic heart failure and central sleep apnoea: A SERVE‐Heart Failure substudy analysis (2019)

Patients with systolic HF and central sleep apnoea who experienced serious adverse events had longer CSR CL, LPCT and TTPF. Future studies should examine an independent role for CSR-related features to enable risk stratification in systolic HF.
Prolonged irradiation of enhanced cyan fluorescent protein or Cerulean can invalidate Forster resonance energy transfer measurements (2008)

Since its discovery, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants have proven to be a good and convenient fluorescent label for proteins: GFP and other visible fluorescent proteins (VFPs) can be fused selectively to the protein of interest by simple cloning techniques and develop fluorescence without additional cofactors. Among the steadily growing collection of VFPs, several pairs can be chosen that can serve as donor and acceptor fluorophores in Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. Among them, the cyan fluorescent proteins (ECFP/Cerulean) and the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) are most commonly used. We show that ECFP and Cerulean have some disadvantages despite their common use: Upon irradiation with light intensities that are commonly used for intensity- and lifetime-based FRET measurements, both the fluorescence intensity and the fluorescence lifetime of ECFP and Cerulean decrease. This can hamper both intensity- and lifetime-based FRET measurements and emphasizes the need for control measurements to exclude these artifacts.
Crystal structure and functional characterization of an oligosaccharide dehydrogenase from Pycnoporus cinnabarinus provides insights into fungal breakdown of lignocellulose (2021)

Structure-function analysis of ODH is consistent with its role as an auxiliary enzyme in lignocellulose degradation and unveils yet another enzymatic function within the AA3 family of the Carbohydrate-Active enZymes database. Our findings allow deciphering the molecular determinants of substrate binding and provide insight into the physiological role of ODH, opening new perspectives to exploit biodiversity for lignocellulose transformation into fuels and chemicals.
New Anti-phishing Method with Two Types of Passwords in OpenID System (2011)

With the rapid development of IT, the demand for online services is growing. In order to obtain network services, each person must register a lot of accounts and passwords on the site. To meet the need that user effectively manage more and more accounts and passwords, OpenID was born. OpenID is a convenient, simple, user-centric ID management system. OpenID provides single sign-on (SSO) service, that is, we login only once and can enjoy the service of multiple sites. But OpenID is vulnerable to phishing attacks. To avoid phishing attacks, many methods have been proposed, but there is no satisfactory method. In this paper, we propose a model of two types of passwords for anti-phishing. Through analysis, this method can effectively avoid phishing.
Re: Microvesicles Released From Human Renal Cancer Stem Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis and Formation of Lung Premetastatic Niche (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Apr 2012Re: Microvesicles Released From Human Renal Cancer Stem Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis and Formation of Lung Premetastatic Niche Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.12.030AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Microvesicles Released From Human Renal Cancer Stem Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis and Formation of Lung Premetastatic Niche." The Journal of Urology, 187(4), pp. 1506–1507 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 4April 2012Page: 1506-1507 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Genome-wide association study identifies novel risk variants from RPS6KA1, CADPS, VARS, and DHX58 for fasting plasma glucose in Arab population (2020)

Consanguineous populations of the Arabian Peninsula, which has seen an uncontrolled rise in type 2 diabetes incidence, are underrepresented in global studies on diabetes genetics. We performed a genome-wide association study on the quantitative trait of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in unrelated Arab individuals from Kuwait (discovery-cohort:n = 1,353; replication-cohort:n = 1,196). Genome-wide genotyping in discovery phase was performed for 632,375 markers from Illumina HumanOmniExpress Beadchip; and top-associating markers were replicated using candidate genotyping. Genetic models based on additive and recessive transmission modes were used in statistical tests for associations in discovery phase, replication phase, and meta-analysis that combines data from both the phases. A genome-wide significant association with high FPG was found at rs1002487 (RPS6KA1) (p-discovery = 1.64E-08, p-replication = 3.71E-04, p-combined = 5.72E-11; β-discovery = 8.315; β-replication = 3.442; β-combined = 6.551). Further, three suggestive associations (p-values < 8.2E-06) with high FPG were observed at rs487321 (CADPS), rs707927 (VARS and 2Kb upstream of VWA7), and rs12600570 (DHX58); the first two markers reached genome-wide significance in the combined analysis (p-combined = 1.83E-12 and 3.07E-09, respectively). Significant interactions of diabetes traits (serum triglycerides, FPG, and glycated hemoglobin) with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance were identified for genotypes heterozygous or homozygous for the risk allele. Literature reports support the involvement of these gene loci in type 2 diabetes etiology.
Is motion processing unitary? (1999)

Motion discrimination space is conventionally categorized into motion detection, speed discrimination, and direction discrimination tasks. But an ideal observer uses a unitary motion mechanism that is affected only by the noise level and the difference in speed (or displacement) between two stimuli. We tested whether human performance in the various motion tasks showed the working of a unitary mechanism or the combined outputs of more than one mechanism. We examined the whole motion discrimination space, using random dots that underwent a sudden jump or displacement. The discriminability was measured as a function of the standard and comparison displacements. Both the ideal observer model and a nonideal observer model that contains additive internal noise predict a planar response surface. When the dot motion was noiseless, the planar surface fitted well except for much higher than expected sensitivity for motion detection. This is consistent with a purely temporal mechanism that uses flicker or a purely spatial mechanism that uses the length of time-averaged streaks. It is also consistent with a Weber's law device. When motion noise was added to the displays, the planar response surface again fitted well, although the residuals showed the presence of a speed energy mechanism. We conclude that a unitary motion mechanism exists (nonideal observer model), although its performance may be supplemented by other mechanisms whose main impact is on discrimination of speeds near zero.
The clinical spectrum of anti-GAD antibody-positive patients with stiff-person syndrome (2000)

SPS is 1) frequently misdiagnosed due to multifaceted presentations and asymmetric signs, 2) disabling if untreated, and 3) associated with other autoimmune conditions.
Transbronchial biopsy with the navigation by virtual bronchoscopy for diagnosis and analysis of the target molecules of small lung cancer in the peripheral area (2005)

7242 Background: It is critical issues to obtain the proper and sufficient amounts of tissue samples of lung cancer when it is diagnosed, and examine the expressions and mutations of target molecules for selecting the proper strategies. However, diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions using a fiberoptic bronchoscope (FB) is occasionally difficult, and improvement of the yield of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) must be fully considered. We have developed a new strategy, the navigation system by virtual bronchoscopy (VB), to diagnose small lung cancer. This system can easily navigate a FB to the proper bronchus on real time. In the present study, we evaluated the safety, and efficacy of VB navigation for TBB in combination with endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide-sheath (EBUS-GS) or CT-guidance for peripheral pulmonary lesions ≤ 30 mm in diameter. Methods: VB images were reconstructed from helical CT data. TBB was then performed with VB navigation using EBUS-GS or CT-guidance. We performed TBB using VB navigation for 74 patients with 76 small peripheral pulmonary lesions between June, 2001 and October, 2004. Results: Bronchi seen on VB imaging were highly consistent with the actual structures confirmed using a FB. Diagnostic sensitivity was 65% for lesions ≤20 mm in mean diameter using VB navigation with CT-guidance, and 63% for those ≤30 mm in mean diameter using VB navigation with EBUS-GS. It was also useful for the reduction of examination time. Conclusions: TBB using VB navigation was safely performed and was effective in diagnosing and examining the expressions and mutations of target molecules of small lung cancer in the peripheral area. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Bearing estimation in very shallow waters with an AUV mounted Acoustic Vector Sensor (2019)

This paper reports first in-field results of a passive acoustic system installed on an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) for tracking low frequency underwater sources in very shallow waters. The problem of passive acoustic detection and Direction-of-Arrival estimation has been approached by using a DIFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording) vector sensor, which consists of an omnidirectional hydrophone and two dipole sensors oriented orthogonally on the horizontal plane. A mechanical and electrical design study has been conducted, identifying the most appropriate technical solution for the implementation of the DIFAR vector sensor on board of an AUV by minimizing the effects of interference between the vehicle and the payload. Bearing estimation algorithms have been implemented both in time and frequency domain. Tests in real scenarios have been conducted. Results of these measurements show that the bearing estimates are consistent with the reference ground truth. The computationally light methods implemented and the low-cost instrumentation used for data processing are suitable for being used in real-time processing on heterogeneous autonomous vehicles.
Infusing Motor Learning Research Into Neurorehabilitation Practice (2014)

(See Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A71) for more insights from the authors.
Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 by miR-101 and miR-217 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells (2014)

MALAT1, a highly conserved long noncoding RNA, is deregulated in several types of cancers. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its posttranscriptional regulation remain poorly understood. In this study we provide first evidences that a posttranscriptional regulation mechanism of MALAT1 by miR-101 and miR-217 exists in ESCC cells. This posttranscriptional silencing of MALAT1 could significantly suppress the proliferation of ESCC cells through the arrest of G2/M cell cycle, which may be due to MALAT1-mediated up-regulation of p21 and p27 expression and the inhibition of B-MYB expression. Moreover, we also found the abilities of migration and invasion of ESCC cells were inhibited after overexpression of miR-101, miR-217, or MALAT1 siRNA. This might be attributed to the deregulation of downstream genes of MALAT1, such as MIA2, HNF4G, ROBO1, CCT4, and CTHRC1. A significant negative correlation exists between miR-101 or miR-217 and MALAT1 in 42 pairs of ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues. Mice xenograft data also support the tumor suppressor role of both miRNAs in ESCCs.
A Combination of Fecal Immunochemical Test Results and Iron Deficiency Anemia for Detection of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Asymptomatic Men (2017)

Subjects with positive FIT results and IDA had an increased risk of ACRN. Our results suggest that a combination strategy of FIT and IDA may be helpful in selecting and prioritizing asymptomatic men for colonoscopy.
Heterocyclic Tertiary Amines as Initiators for Haloaldehyde Oligomerization (1993)

Heterocyclic tertiary amines, such as pyridine, strychnine, sparteine, nicotine, cinchonine, cinchonidine, quinine and quinidine were found to be excellent initiators for the oligomerization of chloral and bromal.Treatment of the chloral oligomer mixture with acetic anhydride gave symmetrical chloral oligomer diacetates.Sparteine initiation of bromal gave bromal oligomer diacetates.
Solution conformational study of Scyliorhinin I analogues with conformational constraints by two‐dimensional NMR and theoretical conformational analysis (2000)

Two analogues of Scyliorhinin I (Scyl), a tachykinin with N-MeLeu in position 8 and a 1,5-disubstituted tetrazole ring between positions 7 and 8, introduced in order to generate local conformational constraints, were synthesized using the solid-phase method. Conformational studies in water and DMSO-d6 were performed on these peptides using a combination of the two-dimensional NMR technique and theoretical conformational analysis. The algorithm of conformational search consisted of the following three stages: (i) extensive global conformational analysis in order to find all low-energy conformations; (ii) calculation of the NOE effects and vicinal coupling constants for each of the low energy conformations; (iii) determining the statistical weights of these conformations by means of a nonlinear least-squares procedure, in order to obtain the best fit of the averaged simulated spectrum to the experimental one. In both solvents the three-dimensional structure of the analogues studied can be interpreted only in terms of an ensemble of multiple conformations. For [MeLeu8]Scyl, the C-terminal 6-10 fragment adopts more rigid structure than the N-terminal one. In the case of the analogue with the tetrazole ring in DMSO-d6 the three-dimensional structure is characterized by two dominant conformers with similar geometry of their backbones. They superimpose especially well (RMSD = 0.28 A) in the 6-9 fragments. All conformers calculated in both solvents superimpose in their C-terminal fragments much better than those of the first analogue. The results obtained indicate that the introduction of the tetrazole ring into the Scyl molecule rigidifies its structure significantly more than that of MeLeu.
Automatic Recognition of Spontaneous Speech for Access to Multilingual Oral History Archives (2004)

Much is known about the design of automated systems to search broadcast news, but it has only recently become possible to apply similar techniques to large collections of spontaneous speech. This paper presents initial results from experiments with speech recognition, topic segmentation, topic categorization, and named entity detection using a large collection of recorded oral histories. The work leverages a massive manual annotation effort on 10 000 h of spontaneous speech to evaluate the degree to which automatic speech recognition (ASR)-based segmentation and categorization techniques can be adapted to approximate decisions made by human annotators. ASR word error rates near 40% were achieved for both English and Czech for heavily accented, emotional and elderly spontaneous speech based on 65-84 h of transcribed speech. Topical segmentation based on shifts in the recognized English vocabulary resulted in 80% agreement with manually annotated boundary positions at a 0.35 false alarm rate. Categorization was considerably more challenging, with a nearest-neighbor technique yielding F=0.3. This is less than half the value obtained by the same technique on a standard newswire categorization benchmark, but replication on human-transcribed interviews showed that ASR errors explain little of that difference. The paper concludes with a description of how these capabilities could be used together to search large collections of recorded oral histories.
Discussion (2005)

From the Children's Surgical Research Program, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Send correspondence to Dr. Michael T. Longaker, Deane P. and Louise Mitchell Professor, Director, Children's Surgical Research, Stanford University Medical Center, 257 Campus Drive West, Stanford, CA 94305-5148. E-mail: [email protected]
Laser Flash Photolysis of Au-PNIPAM Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Dynamics of the Shell Response (2016)

Hydrophobic forces play a key role in the processes of collapse and reswelling of thermoresponsive polymers. However, little is known about the dynamics of these processes. Here, thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-encapsulated gold nanoparticles (Au-PNIPAM) are heated via nanosecond laser flash photolysis. Photothermal heating via excitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance of the Au nanoparticle cores results in rapid PNIPAM shell collapse within the 10 ns pulse width of the laser. Remarkably, reswelling of the polymer shell takes place in less than 100 ns. A clear pump fluence threshold for the collapse of the PNIPAM shell is demonstrated, below which collapse is not observed. Reswelling takes longer at higher laser intensities.
Self-assembled one-dimensional soft nanostructures (2010)

The self-assembly process is a bottom-up approach and is the spontaneous aggregation of many different subunits into well-defined functional structures with varying properties. Self-assembly is an attractive method to develop one-dimensional nanostructures and is controlled by many factors including temperature, pH and electrolyte addition. Novel self-assembled one-dimensional nanostructures are finding applications in regenerative medicine and electronics as well as in fabrication of nanoscale electronic, mechanic, magnetic, optical, and combinatorial devices. Their utility comes from their high ratio of surface area to volume, and their quantum-confinement effects. This paper reviews one-dimensional self-assembled organic nanostructures classified according to the non-covalent forces acting on their formation.
THE IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY BERYLLIUM TECHNOLOGY UPDATE (2007)

A Beryllium Technology Update meeting was held at the Idaho National Laboratory on July 18, 2007. Participants came from the U.S., Japan, and Russia. There were two main objectives of this meeting. One was a discussion of current technologies for beryllium in fission reactors, particularly the Advanced Test Reactor and the Japan Materials Test Reactor, and prospects for material availability in the coming years. The second objective of the meeting was a discussion of a project of the International Science and Technology Center regarding treatment of irradiated beryllium for disposal. This paper highlights discussions held during that meeting and major conclusions reached
The Impact of Natural Gas Composition on Fuel Metering and Engine Operational Characteristics (1992)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The composition of end-use natural gas is known to vary significantly around the United States. Of primary interest for this analysis was the impact of natural gas fuel composition on fuel metering and engine operational characteristics. A fuel metering model was developed to analyze the impact of fuel composition on carbureted, fuel-injected (premixed), and direct-injected engine configurations. The change in physical properties of the fuel was found to have a profound effect on fuel metering characteristics. Fuel composition was found to affect different fuel metering configurations differently, but these variations were minor compared to the fuel property effects. Equivalence ratio variations of 12 percent lean and 6 percent rich were calculated from a median gas composition. Wobbe Index was identified as a key parameter for estimating the change in metered equivalence ratio between two fuels. Fuel composition also affects the lean-flammability-limit of the mixture which, when combined with fuel metering variations, can cause a lean-burn engine to misfire. Fuel temperature variations affect fuel metering and must also be considered. Results indicate that closed-loop mixture control is essential for stoichiometric engines and very beneficial for lean-burn engines. A closed-loop feedback system based on exhaust oxygen concentration is the preferred approach.&lt;/div&gt;