gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Convergence Revolution – Piloting the Third Scientific Revolution Through Start-Ups for Breast Cancer Cure (2017)

Convergence revolution integrates various academic disciplines with wide spectrum of activities and also connects them with translation and innovation ecosystem thereby going well beyond traditional collaborations. This is the third revolution in the life science arena, first being DNA discovery and second genomics where almost entire human genome has been sequenced. The third revolution, convergence revolution has the potential to lead to a solution for breast cancer cure. Breast cancer is the second largest mortality causative agent among women. In United States, nearly 40,000 women die of breast cancer every year. Till date (March 2017), 3.1 million women have been medicated for breast cancer. On an average every 2 minutes, a woman in the U.S. is diagnosed with breast cancer. Convergence may provide a more effective solution for cure breast cancer by multipronged approach using nanotechnology (targeted delivery with controlled release), imaging protocols (Raman spectroscopy) and biomarkers detection involving physicists, chemists, bioengineers, radiologists, clinical oncologists and entrepreneurs and proposing for a National Cancer Data Ecosystem. This work is a classic example of convergence involving multi-disciplinary researchers and technology developers. Several start-ups are working in the direction of breast cancer therapy onto clinical trials which can pave way for translation to clinics for the cure of belligerent types of breast cancers which affect young women. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
OTTO - ontology translation system (2015)

To enable knowledge access across languages, ontologies that are often represented only in English, need to be translated into different languages. For this reason, we present OTTO, an OnTology TranslatiOn System, which enhances ontologies with multilingual information. Rather a different task than the classic document translation, ontology label translation faces highly specific vocabulary and lack contextual information. Therefore, OTTO takes advantage of the semantic information of the ontology to improve the translation of labels.
CMOS lab on a chip device for dielectric characterization of cell suspensions based on a 6 GHz oscillator (2013)

In this paper we present a dielectric sensor approach to detect concentration of a cell species in a biological cell suspension based on an oscillator. Center frequency of the oscillator (sensor) is chosen to be 6 GHz, to avoid cell parameter dependent variation of dielectric permittivity of the cell suspension at lower frequencies. A theoretical basis of microwave dielectric permittivity of biological cell suspensions has been derived in this work. Interdigitated capacitor is used as the sensor and is coupled with inductors in a cross coupled oscillator topology for read out. Sensitivity (frequency shift) of 15 MHz per unit permittivity at the center frequency of 6 GHz has been observed from the measurements, which is very close to the simulated value of 20 MHz - 22 MHz per unit permittivity change. The proof of concept is established using solutions or materials of known permittivity which are close to the calculated permittivity of cell suspensions with given cell concentrations. A further characterization of the sensor is done using standard supersaturated sugar solution.
Effects of feeding term infants low energy low protein formula supplemented with bovine milk fat globule membranes (2014)

Background Observational studies have shown that early nutrition influences short- and long-term health of infants. Formula-fed infants have higher protein and energy intakes and lower intakes of several biologically active components present in human milk. Some of these are present in the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of feeding term infants an experimental low energy low protein formula supplemented with bovine milk fat globule membranes. Our hypothesis was that infants fed experimental formula (EF), compared to infants fed standard formula (SF), would have outcomes more similar to a breast-fed reference (BFR) group. Methods In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, 160 exclusively formula-fed, healthy, term infants were randomized to receive EF or SF from &amp;lt;2 to 6 months of age. A BFR group consisted of 80 breast-fed infants. Measurements were made at baseline, 4, 6 and 12 months of age. The EF had lower energy (60 vs. 66 kcal/100 mL) and protein (1.20 vs. 1.27 g/100 mL) concentrations, and was supplemented with a bovine MFGM concentrate. Results At 12 months of age, the EF group performed better than the SF group in the cognitive domain of Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 3rd Ed. During the intervention, the EF group had a lower incidence of acute otitis media than the SF group, less use of antipyretics and the EF and SF groups differed in concentrations of s-IgG against pneumococci. The formula-fed infants regulated their intakes by increasing meal volumes. Thus, there were no differences between the EF and SF groups in energy or protein intakes, blood urea nitrogen, insulin or growth including body fat percent until 12 months of age. Pressure-to-eat score at 12 months of age was reported lower by parents of formula-fed infants than by parents of breast-fed infants, indicating a low level of parental control of feeding in the formula-fed groups. Neither high pressure-to-eat score nor high restrictive score was associated with formula feeding. During the intervention, the EF group gradually reached higher serum cholesterol concentrations than the SF group, and closer to the BFR group. At 4 months of age, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of lactobacilli in saliva between the EF and SF groups. Conclusions Supplementation of infant formula with a bovine MFGM fraction enhanced both cognitive and immunological development in formula-fed infants. Further, the intervention narrowed the gap in serum cholesterol concentrations between formula-fed and breast-fed infants. The lower energy and protein concentrations of the EF were totally compensated for by a high level of self-regulation of intake which might, at least partly, be explained by a low level of parental control of feeding in the study population. The findings are of importance for further development of infant formulas and may contribute to improved short- and long-term health outcomes for formula-fed infants.
CoopMAX: A Cooperative MAC with Randomized Distributed Space-Time Coding for an IEEE 802.16 Network (2009)

Cooperative communication is a technique that can be employed to meet the increased throughput needs of next-generation WiMAX systems. In a cooperative scenario, multiple stations can jointly emulate the antenna elements of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system in a distributed fashion. Although distributed space-time coding (DSTC) is being considered by the IEEE 802.16j/16 m standards for spatial diversity gain, it has several inherent drawbacks. These are addressed in the recently invented randomized distributed space-time coding, called R-DSTC. In this paper, we present the framework for the R-DSTC technique in the emerging relay-assisted WiMAX network, and develop a cooperative medium access control (MAC) layer protocol, called CoopMAX, for R-DSTC deployment in an IEEE 802.16 system. Our scheme couples the MAC layer with the physical (PHY) layer for performance optimization. The PHY layer yields significant diversity gain, while the MAC layer achieves a substantial end-to-end throughput gain. Through extensive simulations, we evaluate the performance of CoopMAX and show that it can generate capacity gains of up to about 77% for an IEEE 802.16 network.
WCDMA Enhanced Uplink - Principles and Basic Operation (2005)

The WCDMA uplink has recently been enhanced with hybrid ARQ, scheduling, and shorter TTI to provide improved performance for packet data services in terms of reduced delays, improved availability of high data rates, and increased capacity. This paper gives an overview of the design targets, the basic principles, and how they are integrated into WCDMA.
Prognostic Significance of Immunological Evaluation in Colorectal Cancer (1996)

According to the concept that tumour establishment and progression generally reflects a malfunction of the immune system, we have investigated the prognostic significance of immunological parameters in correlation to stage progression in colorectal cancer. In patients and healthy subjects as control group, we determined: serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN) gamma, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha cytokines and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), CD30 (sCD30), ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) molecules, phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); PBMC proliferative response to IL-2, IL-4 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (anti-CD3) variously combined. Our results show that, compared to healthy controls, the group of all patients, but interestingly, also the groups of patients at the various stages of the disease, seem to have different values of these immunological parameters. Since tumour invasion and metastasis are the major causes of cancer treatment failure the early recognition of preinvasive states could lead to an improvement in prognosis. For this purpose our results might be especially useful in making prognostic and diagnostic indices in this neoplasy to identify patients at risk for tumour detention and the patient condition concerning disease progression by a non-invasive method. Moreover, this evaluation which contributes to identify the damage in the patient immune response to tumor could be helpful in identifying the therapeutic substances which might switch this response from being unproductive to productive. Thus, our data leads us to indicate that it might be possible to define reliable prognostic and diagnostic indices in colorectal cancer from the extension of this immunological study by the evaluation of these and other parameters.
Xenotransplantation (1996)

Xenotransplantation means transplantation of organs and tissues from animals to human beings. Today, with use of new and more conventional immunosuppressive substances, it is possible to achieve good long-term survival of organs and cells transplanted between closely related species; for example, between baboon and man. However, large-scale treatment by xenotransplantation is still not possible because a transplantation between species such as pig and man will still not be successful. Nevertheless, many researchers have tried to solve these problems, and it is hoped that transgenic animals in combination with newer immunosuppressive treatment will make xenotransplantation a realistic possibility. The time horizon for clinically successful xenotransplantation with pig organs is unknown at the moment. Nevertheless, many investigators think that the breakthrough will occur in a few years time.
Preliminary development and validation of a scale to measure universal love. (2019)

The purpose of this research was to define the construct of universal love and to develop and validate the Universal Love Scale (ULS), the first tool to measure universal love. We define universal love as an experience of unity with others and the whole of existence, which is associated with behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and transcendental factors. The factor structure, validity, and reliability of the ULS were assessed across 2 studies with undergraduate students (N = 200 and N = 220). With respect to convergent validity, universal love was positively correlated with compassionate love for humanity, self-compassion, spiritual experiences, forgiveness, empathy, and altruism, and negatively correlated with narcissism. Discriminant validity was demonstrated through no correlation between universal love and ethnicity or social desirability. With respect to criterion validity, universal love was positively correlated with universal spiritual beliefs and experiences and psychological well-being, including life meaning, satisfaction with life, and positive affect, and negatively correlated with negative affect and aggression. Further, the ULS demonstrated internal consistency reliability. These results indicate that the ULS is a valid and reliable scale to measure universal love. Further research validating the ULS in a general sample population and populations theorized to be low or high in universal love is encouraged.
Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography: sources of error in extraction of localized absorption (2002)

The effects of sample optical properties (scattering, refractive index), data acquisition (defocusing, speckle noise) and data processing (FFT/wavelet transform, algorithm properties) on the precision of extracting sample’s absorption profile from optical coherence tomograms are investigated.
Analyses of Achievable Gains in Half Duplex MIMO Relaying Schemes Using Multiple Relay Nodes (2007)

In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless relay networks, simultaneously using multiple relay nodes can improve the capacity of source-to-destination communications. Recent information theories have shown that passing the same message across multiple relay nodes can improve the capacity of source-to-destination communications. We have previously proposed three relay schemes that use jointly QR decomposition and the phase control matrix; computer simulations have confirmed the superiority of these schemes over conventional ones such as amplify-and-forward and zero-forcing schemes. In this paper, we analyze the capacity and achievable gains (distributed array gain, intra-node array gain and spatial multiplexing gain) of the previously proposed relay schemes (QR-P-QR, QR-P-ZF, and ZF-P-QR) and thus provide an insight into what contributes to their superiority over conventional schemes. The analyses show that the location of the relay nodes used has a significant impact on capacity. On the basis of this observation, we further propose a method that enables each relay node to individually select its relay scheme according to its channel conditions so as to maximize the capacity. A computer simulation confirms the capacity improvement achieved by the proposed selection method.
Gelatinolytic Activity in Atherosclerotic Plaques Is Highly Localized and Is Associated With Both Macrophages and Smooth Muscle Cells In Vivo (2007)

Upstream localization of a vulnerable plaque phenotype is probably due to an accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, which activates/induces subsets of smooth muscle cells and macrophages to gelatinase production.
Heparin induced bleeding. (1984)

The major side effect of heparin when administered therapeutically is bleeding. There is now considerable evidence that the antithrombotic and the hemorrhagic effects of heparin can be dissociated by using low molecular weight heparins, and heparinoids, and by using heparin with low affinity to AT III. The current evidence supports the suggestion that the hemorrhagic effect of heparin is contributed to by a reversible platelet functional defect which is relatively less important than its AT III dependent anticoagulant effect for preventing experimental venous thrombosis. Whether these promising results in animals also apply to human thromboembolism disease will require careful evaluation by suitably designed clinical trials.
Irritant dermatitis, irritancy and its role in allergic contact dermatitis (2002)

Irritant contact dermatitis is the clinical result of sufficient inflammation arising from release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from skin cells (principally keratinocytes) in response to (usually) chemical stimuli. Different clinical forms may arise. The three main pathophysiological changes seen are skin barrier disruption, epidermal cellular changes and cytokine release. An important role of irritancy in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) comes from earlier animal and human studies. Evidence is outlined which is consistent with a "danger model" of ACD rather than one based on a traditional "self-nonself" immune model. In such a model an antigenic signal will produce sensitization only in the presence of a danger signal; in the absence of a danger signal tolerance will occur. We propose that the danger signal in ACD is cytokine release from nonimmune skin cells (principally keratinocytes) and that both the antigenic and "danger" signals arises from the hapten.
Multilevel Algorithms for Multi-Constraint Graph Partitioning (1998)

Traditional graph partitioning algorithms compute a k-way partitioning of a graph such that the number of edges that are cut by the partitioning is minimized and each partition has an equal number of vertices. The task of minimizing the edge-cut can be considered as the objective and the requirement that the partitions will be of the same size can be considered as the constraint. In this paper we extend the partitioning problem by incorporating an arbitrary number of balancing constraints. In our formulation, a vector of weights is assigned to each vertex, and the goal is to produce a k-way partitioning such that the partitioning satisfies a balancing constraint associated with each weight, while attempting to minimize the edge-cut. Applications of this multi-constraint graph partitioning problem include parallel solution of multi-physics and multi-phase computations, that underlay many existing and emerging large-scale scientific simulations. We present new multi-constraint graph partitioning algorithms that are based on the multilevel graph partitioning paradigm. Our work focuses on developing new types of heuristics for coarsening, initial partitioning, and refinement that are capable of successfully handling multiple constraints. We experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of our multi-constraint partitioners on a variety of synthetically generated problems.
The Enhancement of Communication Technologies and Networks for Smart Grid Applications (2014)

The current electrical grid is perhaps the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century. However, it is increasingly outdated and overburdened, leading to costly blackouts and burnouts. For this and various other reasons,transformation efforts are underway to make the current electrical grid smarter. A reliable, universal and secure communication infrastructure is mandatory for the implementation and deployment of the future smart grid. A special interest is given to the design of efficient and robust network architecture capable of managing operation and control of the next generation power grid. For this purpose new wired and wireless technologies are emerging in addition to the formerly applied to help upgrade the current power grid. In this paper we will give an overview of smart grid reference model, and a comprehensive survey of the available networks for the smart grid and a critical review of the progress of wired and wireless communication technologies for smart grid communication infrastructure. And we propose end to end communication architecture for Home Area Networks (HANs), Neighborhood Area Networks (NANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs) for smart grid applications. We believe that this work will provide appreciated insights for the novices who would like to follow related research in the SG domain.
Dichloroacetate and metformin synergistically suppress the growth of ovarian cancer cells (2016)

Both dichloroacetate (DCA) and metformin (Met) have shown promising antitumor efficacy by regulating cancer cell metabolism. However, the DCA-mediated protective autophagy and Met-induced lactate accumulation limit their tumor-killing potential respectively. So overcoming the corresponding shortages will improve their therapeutic effects. In the present study, we found that DCA and Met synergistically inhibited the growth and enhanced the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Interestingly, we for the first time revealed that Met sensitized DCA via dramatically attenuating DCA-induced Mcl-1 protein and protective autophagy, while DCA sensitized Met through markedly alleviating Met-induced excessive lactate accumulation and glucose consumption. The in vivo experiments in nude mice also showed that DCA and Met synergistically suppressed the growth of xenograft ovarian tumors. These results may pave a way for developing novel strategies for the treatment of ovarian cancer based on the combined use of DCA and Met.
Mobile Phone–Based Questionnaire for Assessing 3 Months Modified Rankin Score After Acute Stroke (2015)

Mobile phone-based automatic assessments of mRS performed well in comparison with clinical visit mRS and could be used as an alternative in stroke follow-up.
Biopolymer and Water Dynamics in Microbial Biofilm Extracellular Polymeric Substance (2008)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a noninvasive and nondestructive tool able to access several observable quantities in biofilms such as chemical composition, diffusion, and macroscale structure and transport. Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR techniques were used to measure spectrally resolved biomacromolecular diffusion in biofilm biomass, extending previous research on spectrally resolved diffusion in biofilms. The dominant free water signal was nulled using an inversion recovery modification of the traditional PGSE technique in which the signal from free water is minimized in order to view the spectra of components such as the rotationally mobile carbohydrates, DNA, and proteins. Diffusion data for the major constituents obtained from each of these spectral peaks demonstrate that the biomass of the biofilm contains both a fast and slow diffusion component. The dependence of diffusion on antimicrobial and environmental challenges suggests the polymer molecular dynamics measured by NMR are a sensitive indicator of biofilm function.
Model of Host-Pathogen Interaction Dynamics Links In Vivo Optical Imaging and Immune Responses (2016)

Tracking disease progression in vivo is essential for the development of treatments against bacterial infection. Optical imaging has become a central tool for in vivo tracking of bacterial population development and therapeutic response. For a precise understanding of in vivo imaging results in terms of disease mechanisms derived from detailed postmortem observations, however, a link between the two is needed. Here, we develop a model that provides that link for the investigation of Citrobacter rodentium infection, a mouse model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). We connect in vivo disease progression of C57BL/6 mice infected with bioluminescent bacteria, imaged using optical tomography and X-ray computed tomography, to postmortem measurements of colonic immune cell infiltration. We use the model to explore changes to both the host immune response and the bacteria and to evaluate the response to antibiotic treatment. The developed model serves as a novel tool for the identification and development of new therapeutic interventions.