gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Employing Photosensitizers for Rapid Olefin Metathesis Additive Manufacturing of Poly(dicyclopentadiene) (2021)

The additive manufacturing (AM) of thermoset polymers has been limited primarily to radical or cationic photopolymerizations, restricting available resins and attainable material properties. Recent efforts in the AM of polydicyclopentadiene (pDCPD) via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) have resulted in printable thermoset materials with advantageous high-performance properties. However, previous demonstrations of DCPD ROMP for AM have been hindered by sluggish printing rates and there is limited characterization of the printed materials. Here, we report the rapid direct-ink-write (DIW) AM of pDCPD by employing a photosensitizer/latent catalyst system to obtain unprecedented rates of photocatalyzed ROMP of DCPD (60 mm·s–1). Characterization of the resin system in situ shows that the use of a photosensitizer decreases the induction period from 78.3 to 3.6 s. The short induction period and rapid curing enable the DIW AM of geometrically complex architectures and printing without the need for supports. In addition, the living nature of ROMP and high catalyst stability is leveraged to improve the adhesion between layers, a long-standing and prevalent issue in extrusion-based AM. The system described herein can guide the development of rapid AM approaches for additional metathesis-active monomers and greatly expand the materials selection and performance properties achievable with additively manufactured thermoset resins.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Tumorigenic MLL-Homeobox Network in Human Glioblastoma Stem Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 538K, ChIP PCR Controls&lt;/p&gt;
Platinum complexes with sterically demanding ligands: trans-bis(2,7-diazatetracyclo[6.3.0.04,9.05,11]undecane-N, N′)platinum(II) dichloride tetrahydrate (1987)

The complex [Pt(C 9 H 14 N 2 ) 2 ]Cl 2• 4H 2 O was isolated from a reaction mixture containing K 2 [PtCl 4 ] and a norbornane-based diamine, C 9 H 14 N 2 . This product was analyzed with use of elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. [Pt(C 9 H 14 N 2 ) 2 ]Cl 2• 4H 2 O crystallized in the triclinic system, space group [Formula: see text], a = 9.437(1) Å, b = 9.975(1) Å, c = 6.888(1) Å, a = 109.54(1)°, β = 109.71(1)°, 7 = 93.63(1)°, Z = 1. The X-ray data were collected with use of a Syntex P2 1 diffractometer and MoKα radiation and the structure solved by the heavy atom method. Based on 1983 reflections, the structure was refined to R = 0.0310 and R w = 0.0408. The platinum resides on an inversion center and is coordinated to the nitrogen atoms of the secondary amines. The chelating N—Pt—N angle is 79° but otherwise the bond lengths and angles agree well with values for similar structures.
A Wide-Band Transformer from an Unbalanced to a Balanced Line (1947)

The frequency characteristic of a particular type of "balun" (a transformer from an unbalanced to a balanced line) is discussed, and it is shown that by inserting a properly designed pair of quarter-wave sections to match the balun to the balanced line of higher characteristic impedance, the standing-wave ratio can be kept below 1.25 over frequency bands of the order of 4 to 1. Design parameters are given for the case of 128-ohm and 150-ohm balanced lines, for a 50-ohm unbalanced line.
Three-Truck Automated Platoon Testing (2010)

Tests of an automated platoon of tractor trailer trucks show that automated vehicle following in a platoon can be done using dedicated short range communications (DSRC) for vehicle-to-vehicle coordination at its standard update interval. Tests also demonstrated the potential fuel consumption savings associated with aerodynamic drafting.
References (2005)

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Statistical Detection Threshold for Ionospheric Disturbances induced by Tsunami Using GPS Measurements of LEO Satellite (2020)

Tsunamis accompanied by earthquakes can induce disturbances in the ionosphere. This tsunamigenic ionospehric disturbances can be detected by analyzing the ionospheric delay of the GPS signal. Since tsunamigenic ionospheric disturbances travel along with tsunami in ocean, there are difficulties to detect by using GPS measurements collected by ground reference station. Therefore, in order to detect tunamigenic ionospheric disturbances, using GPS measurements collected from low earth orbit satellites has been proposed. GPS measurements involving ionospheric disturbances show different frequency characteristics than normal condition. Therefore, a monitoring value of disturbances can be generated by band-pass filter. Ionospheric disturbances can be detected by comparing monitoring values of disturbed ionosphere with those of normal ionosphere. In this study, we propose a technique to calculate detection threshold for tsunamigenic ionospheric disturbances when using GPS measurements collected by low earth orbit satellites. The monitoring value is a band-passed total electron content with 50-80mHz pass band. GPS measurements without disturbances were collected to calculate the 1sigma level of the monitoring value. After that, the detection threshold is selected as 3sigma value by modeling according to the altitude. It a monitoring value of certain data exceeded the threshold, we determine that the disturbance is detected. Data of 2011 Tohoku earthquake are used to validate the detection criteria. As a result, a disturbance could be detected through the detection criteria. Subsequently, we attempt to detect disturbances from the data of 2015 Chile earthquake. In conclusion, a potential candidate data of the disturbance could be analyzed.
SynerGPT: In-Context Learning for Personalized Drug Synergy Prediction and Drug Design (2023)

Predicting synergistic drug combinations can help accelerate discovery of cancer treatments, particularly therapies personalized to a patient's specific tumor via biopsied cells. In this paper, we propose a novel setting and models for in-context drug synergy learning. We are given a small "personalized dataset" of 10-20 drug synergy relationships in the context of specific cancer cell targets. Our goal is to predict additional drug synergy relationships in that context. Inspired by recent work that pre-trains a GPT language model (LM) to "in-context learn" common function classes, we devise novel pre-training schemes that enable a GPT model to in-context learn "drug synergy functions". Our model -- which does not use any textual corpora, molecular fingerprints, protein interaction or any other domain-specific knowledge -- is able to achieve competitive results. We further integrate our in-context approach with a genetic algorithm to optimize model prompts and select synergy candidates to test after conducting a patient biopsy. Finally, we explore a novel task of inverse drug design which can potentially enable the design of drugs that synergize specifically to target a given patient's "personalized dataset". Our findings can potentially have an important impact on precision cancer medicine, and also raise intriguing questions on non-textual pre-training for LMs.
Multiplicative window generators of pseudo-random test vectors (1996)

New arithmetic two-dimensional generators of pseudo-random test vectors are presented. As an integral part of a recently proposed arithmetic built-in self test (ABIST) environment, all generation functions are executed by basic building blocks performing regular functions of data path architectures, yet the scheme is compatible with scan, parallel scan, partial scan and boundary scan designs. The need for extra hardware is either entirely eliminated or drastically reduced, test vectors can be easily distributed to different modules of the system, and there is virtually no performance degradation.
Novel acrylamido monomers with higher hydrophilicity and improved hydrolytic stability: I. Synthetic route and product characterization (1996)

The novel acrylamido monomer reported by our group (N-acryloylaminoethoxyethanol, AAEE; Chiari et al., Electrophoresis 1994, 15, 177-186), found to combine high hydrophilicity with extraordinary resistance to alkaline hydrolysis, has come under closer scrutiny due to unexpected and random autopolymerization while stored as a 1/1 v/v water solution at 4 degrees C (possibly due to a greater oxidability of the ether group). We have additionally found a unique degradation pathway of the monomer, called "1-6 H-transfer", by which the C1 (on the double bond site), by constantly ramming against the C6, next to the ether oxygen (O7, which in fact favors the transfer of the hydrogen atom by C1), produces radicals which more efficiently add to the monomer favoring autopolymerization and cross-linking. A number of novel monomers is proposed while maintaining the other unique characteristics of AAEE. One of them, N-acryloylaminopropanol, offers all the unique, special qualities of AAEE, without the noxious aspects of autopolymerization. Additionally, a synthetic route was optimized, yielding an essentially pure product in a single reaction step, with a yield > 99% and an equivalent purity (> 99%). The synthesis consists in reacting acryloyl chloride at -40 degrees C in presence of a twofold molar excess of aminopropanol and in ethanol (instead of methanol) as solvent. Other solvents, as well as the use of triethylamine for neutralizing the HCl produced, were found to give a variety of undesired byproducts.
1q21.1 deletion and a rare functional polymorphism in siblings with thrombocytopenia-absent radius–like phenotypes (2019)

Thrombocytopenia-absent radii (TAR) syndrome, characterized by neonatal thrombocytopenia and bilateral radial aplasia with thumbs present, is typically caused by the inheritance of a 1q21.1 deletion and a single-nucelotide polymorphism in <i>RBM8A</i> on the nondeleted allele. We evaluated two siblings with TAR-like dysmorphology but lacking thrombocytopenia in infancy. Family NCI-107 participated in an IRB-approved cohort study and underwent comprehensive clinical and genomic evaluations, including aCGH, whole-exome, whole-genome, and targeted sequencing. Gene expression assays and electromobility shift assays (EMSAs) were performed to evaluate the variant of interest. The previously identified TAR-associated 1q21.1 deletion was present in the affected siblings and one healthy parent. Multiple sequencing approaches did not identify previously described TAR-associated SNPs or mutations in relevant genes. We discovered rs61746197 A > G heterozygosity in the parent without the deletion and apparent hemizygosity in both siblings. rs61746197 A > G overlaps a RelA-p65 binding motif, and EMSAs indicate the A allele has higher transcription factor binding efficiency than the G allele. Stimulation of K562 cells to induce megakaryocyte differentiation abrogated the shift of both reference and alternative probes. The 1q21.1 TAR-associated deletion in combination with the G variant of rs61746197 on the nondeleted allele is associated with a TAR-like phenotype. rs61746197 G could be a functional enhancer/repressor element, but more studies are required to identify the specific factor(s) responsible. Overall, our findings suggest a role of rs61746197 A > G and human disease in the setting of a 1q21.1 deletion on the other chromosome.
Examining the Application of Counterflow in Dump Combustors (2000)

Isothermal flow experiments of counterflowin g jets are presented showing that enhanced turbulence levels and increased three-dimensionality are realized with the use of counterflow. The enhanced turbulence levels and spanwise breakdown of the flow structures will be advantageous for producing intense combustion rates while disrupting the feedback loop between the unsteady heat release and acoustic field. A new experimental facility will be described which will be used to study the impact of counterflow on the combustion rate and stability using prevaporized JP-10.
Cost and manufacturing optimization of high performance communication hardware using a daughter module (2003)

The radical rise in localized component density has forced designers to utilize extremely high density, high layer count printed circuit boards. These high layer counts make the board more difficult, and more expensive to fabricate, resulting in higher costs, reduced raw board yield and a restricted supply base of PCB shops that can build the required substrates. In many instances the need for multiple layer counts is usually limited to a small percentage of the total PCB surface area where a high I/O ASIC and its associated memory are located. To overcome these limitations, the option of removing the complex, localized, high-density routing area(s) of the circuitry and moving it to a daughter module was employed to achieve a lower cost PCB and expanded PCB supply base.
Improving holographic particle characterization by modeling spherical\n aberration (2021)

Holographic microscopy combined with forward modeling and inference allows colloidal particles to be characterized and tracked in three dimensions with high precision. However, current models ignore the effects of optical aberrations on hologram formation. We investigate the effects of spherical aberration on the structure of single-particle holograms and on the accuracy of particle characterization. We find that in a typical experimental setup, spherical aberration can result in systematic shifts of about 2% in the inferred refractive index and radius. We show that fitting with a model that accounts for spherical aberration decreases this aberration-dependent error by a factor of two or more, even when the level of spherical aberration in the optical train is unknown. With the new generative model, the inferred parameters are consistent across different levels of aberration, making particle characterization more robust.
Differing requirements for glycosylation in the secretion of related glycoproteins is determined neither by the producing cell nor by the relative number of oligosaccharide units. (1981)

Previous reports, using a variety of myeloma cell lines and activated normal B cells, have shown that different classes of immunoglobulins have different carbohydrate requirements for secretion. Thus, secretion of IgM and IgE was almost totally blocked by the antibiotic tunicamycin, secretion of IgA was partially inhibited, and secretion of IgG was essentially unaffected (Hickman, S., Kulczycki, A., Jr., Lynch, R. G., and Kornfeld, S. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 4402-4408; Hickman S., (1978) J. Immunol. 121, 990-996). Here, similar experiments using hybridoma cell lines secreting IgM and IgG or IgD are reported. Tunicamycin prevented the majority of IgM secretion but did not affect IgG secretion in cells producing both isotypes. This shows that the differential effects of tunicamycin on IgM and IgG secretion are due to factors intrinsic to the respective heavy chain polypeptides themselves, rather than to other properties of the producing cells. The secretion of IgD, which is as heavily glycosylated as IgM, was not inhibited by tunicamycin. Thus, the simple degree of immunoglobulin heavy chain glycosylation does not determine the extent of the requirement for glycosylation in the secretion of that isotype.
Fast polarization switching with memory effect in a vertical cavity surface emitting laser subject to modulated optical injection (1999)

The polarization state of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) output was driven by means of optical injection from another VCSEL. The bistability inherent to polarization locking allowed us to generate a memory effect. The control parameter was the modulated bias current of the maser laser and effects were shown to exist at frequencies up to 1 GHz.
In Situ Oxidation−Imine Formation−Reduction Routes from Alcohols to Amines (2001)

Manganese dioxide is employed as an in situ oxidant for the one-pot conversion of alcohols into imines. In combination with polymer-supported cyanoborohydride (PSCBH), a one-pot oxidation-imine formation-reduction sequence is reported. This procedure enables alcohols to be converted directly into both secondary and tertiary amines.
Optically Transparent Wood: Recent Progress, Opportunities, and Challenges (2018)

Abstract Transparent wood is an emerging load‐bearing material reinvented from natural wood scaffolds with added light management functionalities. Such material shows promising properties for buildings and related structural applications, including its renewable and abundant origin, interesting optical properties, outstanding mechanical performance, low density, low thermal conductivity, and great potential for multifunctionalization. In this study, a detailed summary of recent progress on the transparent wood research topic is presented. Remaining questions and challenges related to transparent wood preparation, optical property measurements, and transparent wood modification and applications are discussed.
Evaluation of curcumin and copper acetate against Salmonella Typhimurium infection, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens (2021)

CR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S. Typhimurium intestinal colonization and maintain better intestinal homeostasis which might be achieved through modulation of cecal microbiota.
Reactive ion etching for submicron structures (1981)

The etch resistance of PMMA was measured under various reactive ion etching conditions and compared with that of silicon dioxide, silicon and Shipley AZ 1350 resist. The resulting profiles transferred into the substrates masked with PMMA were also studied under various reactive ion etching conditions. This study showed that PMMA can be used as a masking resist for etching silicon dioxide using fluorine-deficient etch gases. Linewidths with dimensions of 0.1 μm have been obtained in silicon dioxide with usable selectivity between PMMA and silicon dioxide.
Regioselectivity, Stereoselectivity and Catalysis in Intermolecular Pauson—Khand Reactions: Teaching an Old Dog New Tricks (2006)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
In-Flight Reconfigurable Autopilot for Unmanned Aircraft: Hardware Development and Flight Test Results (2006)

An in-flight reconfigurable autopilot control system test bed is designed, developed and tested. The need for such a test bed arises in control system research and development to verify performance and operability of the design. The test vehicle model, electronic hardware, and basic control algorithms are developed. The test vehicle is a 1/10 th scaled Decathlon fixed-wing airplane. The airplane is chosen based on parts availability, ease of component replacement, available cargo space and its empty weight fraction that is representative of a full scale UAV. A mathematical model of the airplane is first developed for the design of flight control systems and for computer simulation. Longitudinal and lateral equations of motion are obtained to capture the motion associated with the vehicle. The numerical values are found using specialized computer programs developed for such tasks. Both Linear Quadratic Regulator and Multi-Loop controllers are designed and compared for longitudinal and lateral control of the airplane. The hardware required to fly the test vehicle includes sensors, a microprocessor, and various support circuits. The hardware and support circuits are designed to measure angular rates, linear accelerations, pressure differences, and relative altitude. The measurements are gathered, analyzed, and acted upon by the processor to fulfill the requirements of the control algorithm. Finally, the longitudinal motion control system is tested in an in-house test bed. A hardware testing mechanism is provided to confirm algorithm simulation in a realistic scaled environment. Nomenclature u,v,w components of velocity : forward, right wing, down positive p,q,r components of angular velocity along x, y, z directions θ Angle between the flat earth and u vector. β Angle between initial u vector and current u vector. φ Angle between the flat earth and v vector α Angle-of-Attack. c Mean wing chord length. g Gravitational acceleration Q Aerodynamic pressure. S Wing reference area. s Laplace variable z e Ts , where T is the sampling interval x, State-space state vector and its derivatives (· above variable represents time derivative)
Abstract 17146: Molecular Imaging of Chemokine Receptor Type 4 Following Myocardial Infarction (2015)

Chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is involved in the process of post-infarct inflammation and has emerged as a therapeutic target to support myocardial recovery. We aimed to non-invasively track regional tissue CXCR4 expression after myocardial infarction (MI) using the novel specific radioligand 68Ga-pentixafor (PTX) and positron emission tomography (PET). C57Bl/6 mice underwent coronary artery ligation (n=24) or no surgery (n=7). Serial PET images were acquired using PTX (10MBq) at 3d and 7d post-MI. The infarct territory was localized by a subsequent 18F-deoxyglucose scan. Fusion PET images revealed increased PTX uptake in the infarct region at 3d compared to remote myocardium (% injected dose per gram (%ID/g); 0.9±0.1 vs 0.4±0.1, p&lt;0.01). This increase partially receded by 7d (0.7±0.1, p&lt;0.05 to 3d). Activity in the remote myocardium was lower than in the infarct territory, as confirmed by autoradiography and sequential histopathology. FACS analysis showed infiltration of CD45-positive leukocytes in the left ventricle proportional to PTX uptake (x106, ctl 0.2±0.1; d3 1.6±0.6; d7 0.5±0.2; p=0.04). Modulation of the imaging signal was possible by co-injection of the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 (50μg), which lowered the infarct signal by 21% at 3d post-MI (p&lt;0.05). Similarly, oral administration of enalapril, which is known to lower leukocyte trafficking to the infarct, evoked a significant reduction of infarct/remote PTX uptake by 18% at d3. A parallel modest reduction of CD45-positive cells (-22% at d3, -50% at d7, p=0.02) was observed on FACS analysis. In summary, 68Ga-PTX provides a non-invasive measurement of CXCR4 expression in the damaged region post-MI, and may provide a novel method to evaluate targeted therapy to modulate inflammation and infarct repair.
ALK gene products in anaplastic large cell lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease (1995)

The translocation t(2;5)(p23;q35), discovered in CD30+ anaplastic large cell (ALC) lymphomas, creates a potentially oncogenic fusion gene, part of which is contributed by a novel tyrosine kinase, ALK. Absence of ALK expression from normal hematolymphoid cells provides a basis for the morphologic assessment of t(2;5). The distribution of the t(2;5) in ALC lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease (HD), as assayed by nonmorphologic methods, is controversial. We used in situ hybridization and/or immunohistology to show ALK gene products in 85 ALC lymphomas, 82 HD cases, 40 other lymphoproliferations, as well as in 6 HD- and 4 ALC lymphoma-derived cell lines. ALK gene products were restricted to t(2;5)-positive ALC lymphoma cell lines and tumor cells of 16 primary non-B cell, common-type ALC lymphomas. These were mainly from young patients with initial lymphonodal disease. ALK expression was not detectable in any other specimen, including all cases of HD and HD-like type ALC lymphoma as well as secondary ALC lymphomas. Full congruence was noted for labeling results obtained with both methods. In agreement with cytogenetic analyses, but at variance with recently published studies, ALK gene expression distinguishes a subset of ALC lymphomas from other CD30+ lymphomas, including HD. The results do not support concepts attributing a significant role to the t(2;5) in the development of HD.