gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) in FTTH Networks (2022)

Fiber To The Home (FTTH) networks are becoming the common technology to connect clients to Internet Service Providers. Optical fiber arrives at clients' homes and provides connections with Gbps speed. This paper presents a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) analysis in FTTH networks. Our experiments are based on Sensitive Analysis, which provides methodologies to evaluate parameter importance on device performance. The results show characteristics that influence the FTTH network's final performance and must be considered to provide better services.
NF-κB-Induced Loss of MyoD Messenger RNA: Possible Role in Muscle Decay and Cachexia (2000)

MyoD regulates skeletal muscle differentiation (SMD) and is essential for repair of damaged tissue. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is activated by the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a mediator of skeletal muscle wasting in cachexia. Here, the role of NF-kappaB in cytokine-induced muscle degeneration was explored. In differentiating C2C12 myocytes, TNF-induced activation of NF-kappaB inhibited SMD by suppressing MyoD mRNA at the posttranscriptional level. In contrast, in differentiated myotubes, TNF plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signaling was required for NF-kappaB-dependent down-regulation of MyoD and dysfunction of skeletal myofibers. MyoD mRNA was also down-regulated by TNF and IFN-gamma expression in mouse muscle in vivo. These data elucidate a possible mechanism that may underlie the skeletal muscle decay in cachexia.
Sources for cadmium diffusion in InP kinetics in short duration anneals (2002)

Short duration cadmium diffusion in sealed ampoules was studied at a temperature of 550/spl deg/C and a Cd/P molar ratio of 0.28. The starting sources were physical mixtures of either elemental Cd metal and red P or Cd/sub 3/P/sub 2/ and red P. The Cd profiles were determined by SIMS. In relatively short diffusion anneals up to two hours, the surface concentration, or solubility of Cd with either diffusion source is the same. However, Cd penetration was shallower in samples diffused with elemental (Cd,P) mixture than in samples diffused with (Cd/sub 3/P/sub 2/,P) mixture as the starting source. The slower diffusion of Cd with elemental starting source (Cd,P) appears to be related to the kinetics involved in reaching the thermal equilibrium between CdP/sub 2/ and CdP/sub 4/. The formation of Cd/sub 3/P/sub 2/ en route to the eventual formation of CdP/sub 2/ and CdP/sub 4/ or surface related kinetics are proposed as plausible mechanisms. The results appear to be consistent with the establishment of thermal equilibrium between CdP/sub 2/ and CdP/sub 4/ at a Cd/P ratio of 0.28 per the available phase equilibria data. The diffusion kinetics and defect structure are discussed on the basis of quasi-equilibrium among the three condensed phases InP, CdP/sub 2/ and CdP/sub 4/.
Supplementary Figure 8 from Somatic Epigenetic Silencing of <i>RIPK3</i> Inactivates Necroptosis and Contributes to Chemoresistance in Malignant Mesothelioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Re-expression of RIPK3 induces necrosis of RIPK3-negative MM cells. M8, M12, M17 and MSTO211H cells were transduced with control WPI lentivirus or WPI lentivirus expressing RIPK3 cDNA for 24 hours before seeding in 96-well plates and assaying for cell viability (MTS assay) and release of LDH, an indicator of necrosis. Cells were assayed 48 hours post-seeding.&lt;/p&gt;
Creation of Triple‐Phase‐Boundary in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using a Three‐Dimensionally Ordered Structure (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions
Discovery of a Long-Acting, Peripherally Selective Inhibitor of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (2010)

Novel nitrocatechol-substituted heterocycles were designed and evaluated for their ability to inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Replacement of the pyrazole core of the initial hit 4 with a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring resulted in a series of compounds endowed with longer duration of COMT inhibition. Incorporation of a pyridine N-oxide residue at position 3 of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring led to analogue 37f, which was found to possess activity comparable to entacapone and lower toxicity in comparison to tolcapone. Lead structure 37f was systematically modified in order to improve selectivity and duration of COMT inhibition as well as to minimize toxicity. Oxadiazole 37d (2,5-dichloro-3-(5-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-4,6-dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (BIA 9-1067)) was identified as a long-acting, purely peripheral inhibitor, which is currently under clinical evaluation as an adjunct to L-Dopa therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Nonlinear effects for torsional waves in rods with cracklike defects (1997)

The enormously high nonlinear response of solids with cracks to an acoustic excitation makes nonlinear methods possible for nondestructive testing (NDT). Among the problems to be solved are the mechanisms of such nonlinear responses and the development of NDT methods. Results of an experimental study of nonlinear effects for elastic waves in metal rods with cracklike defects and their dependence on the type of contacts in the cracks are given. Unlike earlier works concerned mainly with longitudinal and flexural waves in solids, the present experiment shows that a high degree of nonlinearity is found for torsional waves as well. The crack was modeled by cutting a rod and tightly filling a crack with metal plates. Two types of contact were studied: dry and lubricated contacts. Modulation of high-frequency torsional waves (20 kHz and 22.8 kHz) in a rod by low-frequency flexural vibrations was studied. Flexural vibrations were excited in two ways: with a shock and with the help of a vibrator. Amplitude modulation was observed only in a rod with a crack, the level of this modulation drastically decreasing in the presence of liquid lubricant. [Work supported by RFBR, Russia—Grant No. 97-02-17524—and by INCAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.]
Supplementary Figure 5 from Nivolumab and Urelumab Enhance Antitumor Activity of Human T Lymphocytes Engrafted in Rag2<sup>−/−</sup>IL2Rγ<sup>null</sup> Immunodeficient Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;xGVHD and human IFN-Î³ elevation in plasma are dependent on human CD4 T cells.&lt;/p&gt;
A frequency-time domain signal processing system. (1980)

A digital signal processing system for time series analysis with two modes of usage--the first a rapid, hands-on exploratory method, and the second an automatic, printed, labeled graphic output method--is described. The system utilizes a Time Data 1923C system with integral PDP-11 minicomputer, and a console. Major error problems have been contained and a large-volume graphic analysis capability has been developed. Applications include (a) transpulmonary pressure-pulse relationships, (b) elucidation of the multiphasic nature of pulmonary-vein/left-atrial-pressure pulse phenomena, (c) suggestive value of transfer function phenomena as a tool to demonstrate the effect of various loading and ischemic phenomena on the left ventricle, and (d) teaching-demonstration of the techniques of digital signal processing.
Agonist Stimulation Increases the Turnover Rate of β2AR-Bound Palmitate and Promotes Receptor Depalmitoylation (1996)

We have characterized the dynamic nature of beta 2-adrenergic receptor palmitoylation in Sf9 cells. Under basal conditions, the turnover of receptor-bound palmitate is rapid (half-life = 9.8 +/- 1.8 min) compared to the turnover rate of the receptor protein itself (half-life = 109 +/- 10 min). This suggests that an equilibrium between the palmitoylated and nonpalmitoylated forms of the receptor exists at resting state. Stimulation of the receptor by the agonist isoproterenol reduces the half-life of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor-bound palmitate by 1.8 fold without affecting the turnover rate of the receptor itself. Upon sustained stimulation, this increased palmitate turnover rate shifted the equilibrium toward the nonpalmitoylated form of the receptor, suggesting that prolonged activation either increases the rate of depalmitoylation or prevents receptor palmitoylation. Consistent with the latter possibility, pretreatment of cells with agonist, prior to metabolic labeling, reduced the incorporation of [3H]palmitate into the beta 2-adrenergic receptor by more than 80%. This suggests a link between receptor desensitization occurring upon sustained agonist stimulation and the decrease in receptor palmitoylation. Supporting this hypothesis, mutation of PKA phosphorylation sites known to be involved in receptor desensitization abolished the agonist-promoted reduction in palmitate incorporation. We have previously reported that palmitoylation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor is important in controlling receptor phosphorylation by PKA [Moffett, S., et al. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 349-356; Moffett, S., et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 21490-21497]. The present study now demonstrates that the receptor palmitoylation state is regulated by agonist stimulation and suggests the existence of concerted reciprocal regulatory interactions between palmitoylation and phosphorylation upon sustained receptor stimulation.
Bisindole anchored mesoporous silica nanoparticles for cyanide sensing in aqueous media (2011)

For CN(-) recognition, a series of bisindolyl compounds 1-3 were prepared, and their chromodosimetric color changes toward anions were investigated. Nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ion to the meso position of the bisindolyl group gave rise to breaking of the double bond conjugation, thereby inducing spectroscopic changes in the compound. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 3 also gave color changes from deep orange to yellow in response to the cyanide ion.
Automated eye blink detection and tracking using template matching (2013)

Eye blink detection is considered to be one of the most reliable sources of communication in modern human computer interaction (HCI) systems. This paper proposes a new method for eye blink detection using template matching and similarity measure. In order to minimize the false detection due to changing background in the video frame, face detection is applied before extraction of the eye template. Golden ratio concept is introduced for robust eye detection and is followed by eye template creation for tracking. Eye tracking is performed by template matching between template image and surrounding region. The normalized correlation coefficient is computed for successful eye tracking. Eye blink detection is performed based upon the correlation score as the score changes significantly whenever a blink occurs. The proposed system provides an overall precision of 92.8% and overall accuracy of 99.6% with 0.1% false positive rate in different experimental conditions.
Micro-Doppler Radar Signatures for Itelligent Target Recognition (2004)

Mechanical vibrations or rotations (micro-motion dynamics) of structures on a target may introduce frequency modulation on the radar return from the target's body. The modulation due to this vibration or rotation is referred to as the micro-Doppler (m-D) phenomenon. In this report, the m-D effect is introduced and the mathematics of micro-Doppler signatures, induced by simple sinusoidal vibrations or rotations, is developed. Simulated results confirm that the mathematical analysis is valid. The m-D features derived from a target's vibrational/rotational motion are extracted by utilizing discrete wavelet transforms. During this process, the time domain radar signal is decomposed into a set of components that are represented by different wavelet scales. The m-D features are extracted by sorting the components that are associated with the vibrational/rotational motions of a target and is achieved by applying the inverse wavelet transform. After the extraction of m-D features, time-frequency analysis is employed to analyze the oscillation and to estimate the motion parameters. The vibration/rotation rate is estimated by taking the autocorrelation of the time sequence data. The findings show that these results have higher precision after the m-D extraction since only vibrational/rotational components are employed. The proposed method of the m-D extraction has been successfully applied to both simulated data and experimental helicopter and human data. The preliminary results clearly demonstrate that the m-D signatures can be observed by radar and suggest that applications of m-D should be investigated and exploited for target detection, classification and recognition. It is recommended %hat the exploitation of micro-Doppler, as a new identification/recognition tool, be undertaken as it could impact all aspects of radar sensing and may enhance the effectiveness of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) and Automatic Gait Recognition (AGR) techniques. We recommend that
Influence of External pH and Fermentation Products on Clostridium acetobutylicum Intracellular pH and Cellular Distribution of Fermentation Products (1986)

Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 cells harvested from a phosphate-limited chemostat culture maintained at pH 4.5 had intracellular concentrations of acetate, butyrate, and butanol which were 13-, 7-, and 1.3-fold higher, respectively, than the corresponding extracellular concentrations. Cells from a culture grown at pH 6.5 had intracellular concentrations of acetate and butyrate which were only 2.2-fold higher than the respective external concentrations. The highest intracellular concentrations of these acids were attained at ca. pH 5.5. When cells were suspended in anaerobic citrate-phosphate buffer at pH 4.5, exogenous acetate and butyrate caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the intracellular pH, while butanol had relatively little effect until the external concentration reached 150 mM. Acetone had no effect at concentrations up to 200 mM. These data demonstrate that acetate and butyrate are concentrated within the cell under acidic conditions and thus tend to lower the intracellular pH. The high intracellular butyrate concentration presumably leads to induction of solvent production, thereby circumventing a decrease in the intracellular pH great enough to be deleterious to the cell.
Bronchoscopy via a Redesigned Combitube(TM) in the Esophageal Position (1997)

The redesigned Combitube enables fiberoptic bronchoscopy, fine-tuning of its position in the esophagus, and guided airway exchange in patients with normal airways. Further studies are warranted to demonstrate its value in patients with abnormal airways.
Boosted MMI for model and feature-space discriminative training (2008)

We present a modified form of the maximum mutual information (MMI) objective function which gives improved results for discriminative training. The modification consists of boosting the likelihoods of paths in the denominator lattice that have a higher phone error relative to the correct transcript, by using the same phone accuracy function that is used in Minimum Phone Error (MPE) training. We combine this with another improvement to our implementation of the Extended Baum-Welch update equations for MMI, namely the canceling of any shared part of the numerator and denominator statistics on each frame (a procedure that is already done in MPE). This change affects the Gaussian-specific learning rate. We also investigate another modification whereby we replace I-smoothing to the ML estimate with I-smoothing to the previous iteration's value. Boosted MMI gives better results than MPE in both model and feature-space discriminative training, although not consistently.
Imaging of spontaneous canine tumours with ammonia and L-glutamine labeled with N-13. (1977)

Ammonia and 6-glutamine, labeled with N-13, were tested as imaging agents for a variety of spontaneous canine tumors. The imaging capabilities of these compounds were compared with each other, with other scanning agents, and with radiologic and pathologic procedures. Good agreement between positive gamma images and postmortem findings occurred in 11 of 15 cases with [13N] ammonia as the localizing agent. Eight of the nine scans using [13N] glutamine as the imaging agent showed positive correlation with postmortem findings. In cases where both ammonia and glutamine were used to image the same lesion, no qualitative differences in tumor uptake were found between the two.
Die Technology in the National Economy Status (2009)

As China's economic takeoff,the rapid development of industrial production,technology has become the mold of a country's level of manufacturing one of the important symbols,mold manufacturing technology for the development of the national economy has been and will continue to make a significant contribution.
Advanced Optical Performance Monitoring for Next Generation Access Networks (2013)

Optical performance monitoring is crucial to monitor the network status and signal quality. In this paper, we discuss the requirements and various techniques of network and signal monitoring in next generation optical access networks.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Populations From Chinese Traditional Medicinal Plant Licorice and Characterization of the Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Produced by Bacillus atrophaeus Against Verticillium dahliae (2018)

Endophytic bacteria associated with medicinal plants possess unique strategies that enhance growth and suvival of host plants, many of which are mediated by distinctive secondary metabolites. These bacteria and their secondary metabolites are important subjects for both basic and applied research aimed at sustainable agriculture. In the present study, 114 endophytic strains isolated from the wild ethnomedicinal plant <i>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</i> (licorice) were screened for their <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial activities against common fungal pathogens of tomato (<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp., <i>Fulvia fulva</i>, <i>Alternaria solani</i>), cotton (<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. Vesinfectum, <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>), pomegranite (<i>Ceratocystis fimbriata</i>), <i>Cymbidinium</i> (<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>), and Tsao-ko (<i>Pestalotiopsis microspora</i> and <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>) and the common bacteria <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Several <i>Bacillus</i> strains, particularly <i>Bacillus atrophaeus</i> and <i>Bacillus mojavensis</i>, had a broad spectrum of antifungal and antibacterial activity. A total of 16 strains, selected based on broad antimicrobial activity, were shown to contain at least one putative secondary metabolite-encoding gene (i.e., polyketide synthase or non-ribosomal peptide synthetase) and/or one lytic enzyme (i.e., protease, cellulase, lipase, chitinase), which may be important mediators of antagonistic activity against pathogens. Five strains, representing <i>Bacillus atrophaeus</i> and <i>Bacillus mojavensis</i>, were selected for plant growth chamber experiments based on strong <i>in vitro</i> antifungal activities. All five strains significantly reduced disease severity in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants challenged with <i>V. dahlia</i> infection. Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of cell-free extracts of <i>Bacillus atrophaeus</i> strain XEGI50 showed that at least 13 compounds were produced only during co-cultivation with <i>V. dahlia</i>, including putative compounds known to have antimicrobial activity, such as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methylpropyl) ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester; 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; and decanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that bacteria isolated from <i>G. uralensis</i> have biocontrol abilities. Our findings provide new insights into the antimicrobial activities of natural endophytes, particularly <i>B. atrophaeus</i>, and suggest this species may a promising candidate as a biocontrol agent to confer resistance to <i>Verticillium</i> wilt disease and other phytopathogens in cotton and other crops.
A survey of data mining techniques for malware detection using file features (2008)

This paper presents a survey of data mining techniques for malware detection using file features. The techniques are categorized based upon a three tier hierarchy that includes file features, analysis type and detection type. File features are the features extracted from binary programs, analysis type is either static or dynamic, and the detection type is borrowed from intrusion detection as either misuse or anomaly detection. It provides the reader with the major advancement in the malware research using data mining on file features and categorizes the surveyed work based upon the above stated hierarchy. This served as the major contribution of this paper.
Evaluación del riesgo de inundaciones y movimientos en masa asociado al fenómeno de la niña en el departamento de Santander (2019)

Este documento evalua el riesgo hidroclimatico de movimientos en masa e inundaciones por efecto de la alteracion de la precipitacion debida al fenomeno de La Nina de variada intensidad en el departamento de Santander – Colombia. El desarrollo metodologico consistio en una evaluacion espacial multicriterio utilizando el metodo de suma ponderada en ArcGis, para los mapas digitales de susceptibilidad, alteracion de la precipitacion y vulnerabilidad. Cada indicador fue ponderado, procesado y analizado en funcion de su contribucion a la amenaza y la vulnerabilidad respectivamente. Para la evaluacion del riesgo se aplico una matriz de doble entrada de la informacion relacionada a las categorias de amenaza y vulnerabilidad. Los resultados de las zonas de mayor riesgo de movimientos en masa e inundaciones fueron analizados a nivel departamental y municipal. Se encontro que el mayor riesgo de inundaciones se registra en el primer trimestre del segundo ano para un evento de La Nina de intensidad fuerte, donde Puerto Wilches es el municipio con mayor afectacion. A su vez, el mayor riesgo de movimientos en masa se registra en el tercer trimestre del primer ano para un evento de La Nina de caracter fuerte, con riesgo muy alto en los municipios de Matanza, San Jose de Miranda y Molagavita. Los resultados obtenidos constituyen un aporte para el entendimiento del impacto del fenomeno de La Nina sobre el territorio del Departamento de Santander y contribuyen a mejorar la capacidad adaptativa frente a la variabilidad climatica que puede ser util para la toma de decisiones en entidades y oficinas relacionadas con la atencion del riesgo y prevencion de desastres.
Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty Acid (2015)

The preparation and characterization of a controlled-release multicomponent (NPK) fertilizer with the coating layer consisting of a biodegradable copolymer of poly(butylene succinate) and a butylene ester of dilinoleic acid (PBS/DLA) is reported. The morphology and structure of the resulting polymer-coated materials and the thickness of the covering layers were examined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The mechanical properties of these materials were determined with a strength-testing machine. Nutrient release was measured in water using spectrophotometry, potentiometry, and conductivity methods. The results of the nutrient release experiments from these polymer-coated materials were compared with the requirements for controlled-release fertilizers. A conceptual model is presented describing the mechanism of nutrient release from the materials prepared in this study. This model is based on the concentrations of mineral components inside the water-penetrated fertilizer granules, the diffusion properties of the nutrients in water, and a diffusion coefficient through the polymer layer. The experimental kinetic data on nutrient release were interpreted using the sigmoidal model equation developed in this study.