gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diaryliodonium salts: a solution to 3‐[18F]fluoropyridine (2007)

Abstract Fluorine‐18 labelled fluoropyridines have found increasing application in the medical imaging technique of Positron Emission Tomography. The fluorine‐18 has largely been restricted to the 2‐ and 6‐position where its introduction may be readily achieved, from a range of appropriate precursors, by nucleophilic aromatic substitution using [ 18 F]fluoride. However, fluorine at this position may be labile in vivo limiting the potential of the radiotracer. To date the more stable 3‐fluoro and 5‐fluoropyridines have not been exploited due to unsuitable methods of preparation. Pyridyliodonium salts provide a convenient way to overcome this restriction and allow the introduction of fluorine‐18, as fluoride, into the 3‐ or 5‐position. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Adenosine derivatives with N6‐alkyl, ‐alkylamine or ‐alkyladenosine substituents as probes for the A1‐receptor (1987)

Three series of N6-substituted adenosine derivatives were synthesized, having in common an unbranched alkyl chain with lengths varying from 2 to 12 methylene units, but differing in their omega-alkyl substituents: N6-n-alkyladenosines (I), N6-omega-amino-alkyladenosines (II) and alpha omega,di-(adenosin-N6-yl)alkanes (III). The compounds of the latter series combine two functional groups in one molecule. A1-receptor affinity of these compounds was measured as inhibition of [3H]PIA binding to calf brain membranes. With relatively short chain lengths, compounds in series I are the most potent. In this series, optimum activity is reached with N6-n-pentyladenosine (Ki = 0.50 nM). With short chain lengths, compounds in series II and III are 6-20-fold less potent than their congeners in series I. The potency order however is reversed with higher chain lengths. While affinity in series II and III increases strongly, reaching an optimum with the nonyl derivatives, affinity in series I decreases sharply with alkyl chains larger than 8 methylene units. Highest affinity is found with 9-amino-nonyladenosine (Ki = 0.32 nM). In general, the omega-aminoalkyl derivatives are somewhat more potent than the corresponding di-adenosinyl derivatives. Implications for the possible topography of the N6 region of the A1-receptor and the area further removed from N6 are discussed.
High Level Ultra Low Power Transmitters for the MICS Standard (2010)

Today, medical implants such as cardiac pacemakers, neurostimulators, hearing aids anddrug delivery systems are increasinglymore important and frequently used in the health caresystem. This type of devices have historically used inductive coupling as communicationmedium. Newdemands on accessibility and increased performance in technology drives newresearch toward using radio communications. The FCCMICS radio standard are speciﬁcallydevoted for implantable devices.Basically all published research on transmitters in this area are using frequency shift keying(FSK) modulation. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the viability of using phase shiftkeying (PSK) modulation in ultra low power transmitters and suggest suitable architectures.
Reply to "Comment on 'Measuring a Photonic Qubit without Destroying It'" (2005)

In our Letter we proposed a scheme for nondeterministic quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of the polarization of a single photon--a photonic qubit--using linear optics and photodetection. The scheme works with nonunit probability, but success is heralded by the detection of a single photon in the meter output. We provided an experimental demonstration of this scheme and introduced three universally applicable fidelity measures--the measurement fidelity F_M, the quantum state preparation fidelity F_QSP, and the QND fidelity F_QND--to quantify its performance. The claim of Kok and Munro in their Comment [quant-ph/0406120] is that one of our fidelity measures F_M is not appropriate because it relies on coincidence measurements. We show why this claim is wrong from both a fundamental and an operational perspective.
Measurement of the Geometry of a Parachute Canopy using Image Correlation Photogrammetry (2007)

The systematic application of a stereo-image based correlation photogrammetry technique was used to measure the geometry of a fully-inflated model parachute canopy. The laboratory scale experiments were conducted in a low-speed water tunnel at a freestream velocity of 0.2 m/s. The model canopy had a constructed diameter of 0.3 m, and was made from a single piece of fabric. A stochastic pattern of small markers was applied to the canopy surface to permit the use of a correlation-based processing scheme. Measurements of the flexible model canopy appeared to present reasonable values for the imaged portion of the canopy. The experiments have demonstrated that the correlation-based technique has the potential of providing quantitative data on the canopy surface geometry with acceptable uncertainties.
Liver Morphologic Changes Induced by Semicarbazide (2012)

This study evaluates the liver morphologic changes associated with the ingestion of semicarbazide contaminated food. Two groups of 10 Wistar rats were studied. Group 1 was submitted to no manipulation and group 2 was submitted to the administration of food contaminated with semicarbazide at a concentration of .6g/Kg. All animals were sacrificed after four weeks and a complete necropsy was performed. The slides of liver stained by HE were evaluated for morphologic lesions. In group 1 no significant morphologic changes were found. In group 2 some morphologic lesions were found such as sinusoidal congestion, small focal haemorrhages, cellular hyaline infiltration and oedema, macrovesicular steatosis, bile duct hyperplasia and flooding of cell's cytoplasm. Anisocariose was observed in all cases, from which pyknosis and nucleoli increased by angular nuclei were the most evident. The most marked lesions observed in the liver were hyaline infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia and flooding of cell's cytoplasm. Also some inflammatory tissue was found in the organ with the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages. We may conclude that ingestion of semicarbazide at high doses in short period of time is hepatotoxic.
Tribological Behavior of Deagglomerated Active Inorganic Nanoparticles for Advanced Lubrication (2008)

The tribological behavior of novel, deagglomerated, and active molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles as additives in paraffin oil is presented. In a novel approach, the MoS2 nanoparticles were activated by their intercalation with organic molecules, particularly triglycerides (canola oil) and lecithin (source of phosphorus). A four-ball tribological test setup was used to measure the wear scar diameter, the coefficient of friction, and the extreme pressure properties of such formulated paraffin oils. The results showed significant influence of this uniquely designed MoS2 nanostructured additive on the coefficient of friction (0.07), the wear scar diameter, and the extreme pressure (315 kg) properties of the paraffin oil. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were also used for investigating size, the surface morphology, and the elemental composition of the nanoengineered lubricant. The characterization revealed a particle size less than 100 nm and the elemental composition analysis of the wear track showed the presence of Mo, S, and P in the tribofilm, explaining the observed improvements in the tribological properties.
Ensemble Learning using Transformers and Convolutional Networks for Masked Face Recognition (2022)

Wearing a face mask is one of the adjustments we had to follow to reduce the spread of the coronavirus. Having our faces covered by masks constantly has driven the need to understand and investigate how this behavior affects the recognition capability of face recognition systems. Current face recognition systems have extremely high accuracy when dealing with unconstrained general face recognition cases but do not generalize well with occluded masked faces. In this work, we propose a system for masked face recognition. The proposed system comprises two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models and two Transformer models. The CNN models have been fine-tuned on FaceNet pre-trained model. We ensemble the predictions of the four models using the majority voting technique to identify the person with the mask. The proposed system has been evaluated on a synthetically masked LFW dataset created in this work. The best accuracy is obtained using the ensembled models with an accuracy of 92%. This recognition rate outperformed the accuracy of other models and it shows the correctness and robustness of the proposed model for recognizing masked faces. The code and data are available at https://github.com/Hamzah-Luqman/MFR
Skeletal muscle characteristics are preserved in hTERT/cdk4 human myogenic cell lines (2016)

Immortalization had no observed effect on the myogenic cascade or on any other cellular processes, and it was protective against the systems level effects of senescence that are observed at higher division counts of primary cells.
Analysis-ready multiwavelets (armlets) for processing scalar-valued signals (2004)

The notion of armlets is introduced in this letter as a precise formulation of orthonormal multiwavelets that guarantee wavelet decomposition with highpass output not being effected by polynomial perturbation of the input. A mathematical scheme for constructing armlets is given, and it is shown that the notions of armlets and balanced multiwavelets are different. In particular, while balanced wavelets are armlets, the converse is false in general. One advantage of armlets is that the weaker assumption provides flexibility to facilitate wavelet and filter construction.
[2+2] Versus [3+2] Cycloaddition of Allylsilanes : The Dramatic Effect of Lewis Acid and Electron-Deficient Partners (1994)

Depending dramatically upon the Lewis acid utilized, allyltriisopropylsilane functions as a two-carbon component in a [2+2] versus [3+2] annulation reaction with electron-deficient partners.
Resonant enhansment modulators using electro-optical effect of poled polymers (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Itoh, K. Harada, K. Munakata, N. Yoshikawa, S. Umegaki, and T. Yatagai, "Resonant enhansment modulators using electro-optical effect of poled polymers," in Spatial Light Modulators and Intgrated Optoelectronic Arrays, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper SWB1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Heterogeneity in surface antigen and glycoprotein expression of cell lines derived from different melanoma metastases of the same patient. Implications for the study of tumor antigens. (1981)

Three established lines of melanoma cells were derived from anatomically distinct metastases occurring in a single patient (DX). The lines, DX-1, DX-2, and DX-3, showed marked phenotypic diversity, as indicated by characteristic differences in growth rate, morphology, pigmentation, and the expression of surface antigens and glycoproteins. DX-1 and DX-3 expressed HLA-DR products, whereas DX-2 lacked HLA-DR expression. DX-1, DX-2, and DX-3 could also be distinguished on the basis of the profile of radiolabeled glycoproteins. Additional quantitative differences in the surface antigenic phenotype of the three cell lines were revealed by serological tests with a battery of monoclonal and conventional antibodies defining melanoma differentiation antigens. In tests for autologous humoral immunity to melanoma cells, sera from patient DX were found to have IgG antibody that reacted with surface antigens of DX-2 cells; no autologous reactivity was seen with DX-1 or DX-3 target cells or with three more recently established melanoma cell lines from patient DX. Absorption analysis indicated that the antigen detected by DX sera on DX-2 cells is a class 1 melanoma antigen, having been detected only on DX-2 cells and in much lower but demonstrable amounts on DX-1 and DX-3 cells. No other cell type, including DX normal fibroblasts, DX B cells, or 45 allogeneic melanoma cell lines expressed the class 1 antigen of DX melanoma. The fact that only one of the melanoma cell lines derived from patient DX was suitable target for the detection of autologous class 1 reactivity has implications for the study of human tumor antigens and may explain why antibody to class 1 antigens has been found so infrequently in past studies of melanoma patients.
Formation of a Constrained-Geometry Ziegler Catalyst System Containing a C1 Instead of the Usual Si1 Connection Between the Cyclopentadienyl and Amido Ligand Components (1998)

6-Amino-6-methylfulvene (4) is cleanly N-acylated by treatment with pivaloylchloride/triethylamine to give the fulvene (C5H4)=C(CH3)NHCOCMe3 (5c). Treatment of 4 with trimethylchlorosilane similarly yields the mono-N-silylated fulvene (C5H4)=C(CH3)NHSiMe3 (7). Both 5c and 7 are cleanly doubly deprotonated e.g. by treatment with LDA to give ligand systems [(C5H4)C(=CH2)NR]Li2 [8a (R = COCMe3) and 8b (R = SiMe3), respectively]. Their treatment with MCl4 · 2 THF (M = Ti, Zr) yield the spiro-metallocenes [(C5H4)C(=CH2)NR]2M (9, 10). Complex 10a (M = Zr, R = COCMe3) was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The reaction of 8a with (Et2N)2ZrCl2 in THF gives rise to the formation of [(C5H4)C(=CH2)NCOCMe3]Zr(NEt2)2 (11) (70 % isolated), and the reaction of 8b with (Et2N)2ZrCl2 yields [(C5H4)C(=CH2)NSiMe3]Zr(NEt2)2 (12) (76 % isolated). Treatment of complex 12 with an excess of methylalumoxane (MAO) in toluene solution results in the generation of an active homogeneous Ziegler catalyst for the polymerization of ethene. A comparison with the usually employed [(Me5C4)SiMe2NCMe3]ZrCl2/MAO “constrained-geometry” Ziegler catalyst system reveals a similar catalyst activity and performance of this novel type of a C1-bridged “constrained-geometry” catalyst as it is exemplified by the [(C5H4)C(=CH2)NSiMe3]ZrX2 (12)/MAO combination.
Liver transplantation in the United Kingdom (2016)

Liver transplantation (LT) services in the United Kingdom are provided by 7 designated transplant centers for a population of approximately 64 million. The number of deceased organ donors has grown, and in 2014-2015 it was 1282 (570 donation after circulatory death and 772 donation after brain death). Donor risk is increasing. In 2014-2015, there were 829 LTs from deceased and 38 from living donors. The common causes for transplantation are liver cell cancer, viral hepatitis, and alcohol-related liver disease. Livers are allocated first nationally to super-urgent listed patients and then on a zonal basis. The United Kingdom will be moving toward a national allocation scheme. The median interval between listing and transplantation is 152 days for adults awaiting their first elective transplant. Of the adults listed for the first elective transplant, 68% underwent transplantation at < 1 year; 17% are waiting; and 4% and 11% were removed or died, respectively. The 1- and 5-year adult patient survival rate from listing is 81% and 68%, respectively, and from transplantation is 92% and 80%, respectively. The transplant program is funded through general taxation and is free at the point of care to those who are eligible for National Health Service (NHS) treatment; some have to pay for medication (up to a maximum payment of US $151/year). The competent authority is the Human Tissue Authority which licenses donor characterization, retrieval, and implantation; transplant units are commissioned by NHS England and NHS Scotland. National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) promotes organ donation, maintains the organ donor register, obtains consent, and undertakes donor characterization and offering. NHSBT also maintains the national waiting list, develops and applies selection and allocation policies, monitors outcomes, and maintains the UK National Transplant Registry and commissions a national organ retrieval service. Liver Transplantation 22 1129-1135 2016 AASLD.
Pancreatic beta cell lines and their applications in diabetes mellitus research (2010)

During the past 30 years great effort has been put into establishing an insulin-secreting beta cell line that retains normal regulation of insulin secretion, but only few of these attempts have been successful. To overcome the limited availability of primary beta cells and to include the principles of the 3Rs into the field of diabetes mellitus research, numerous investigators used X-rays or viruses to induce insulinomas, in vitro transformation, derivation of cells from transgenic mice or even non-islet cells to produce immortalised beta cell lines. The most widely used insulin-secreting cell lines are RIN, HIT, MIN, INS-1 and TC cells. These cells produce insulin and small amounts of glucagon and somatostatin. Some of them are only poorly responsive to glucose, others respond to glucose well, but their concentration-dependence curve is markedly shifted to higher sensitivity. Despite problems associated with beta cell cultures, these cell lines have provided some valuable information about physiological processes. However, an urgent need to establish a "normal" beta cell line of human or pig origin remains.
Fungal Keratitis Following Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty (2011)

A young man affected from keratoconus was submitted to deep lamellar keratoplasty (DLK). The day after, the presence of pseudochamber between the donor and the recipient cornea was observed by the slit-lamp and the patient was submitted to the injection of an air bubble into the anterior chamber. Approximately six days later, multiple, whitish patches mostly located in the centre of the lamellar interface were noticed. Medical treatment was started immediately but no improvement was observed and penetrating keratoplasty was performed. Although this organism has been described as a microbial pathogen in blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, canaliculitis, dacryocystitis, and endophthalmitis, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of keratitis after DLK caused by Actinomyces species.
Security Analysis of BLAKE2’s Modes of Operation (2016)

BLAKE2 is a hash function introduced at ACNS 2013, which has been adopted in many constructions and applications. It is a successor to the SHA-3 finalist BLAKE, which received a significant amount of security analysis. Nevertheless, BLAKE2 introduces sufficient changes so that not all results from BLAKE carry over, meaning new analysis is necessary. To date, all known cryptanalysis done on BLAKE2 has focused on its underlying building blocks, with little focus placed on understanding BLAKE2’s generic security. We prove that BLAKE2’s compression function is indifferentiable from a random function in a weakly ideal cipher model, which was not the case for BLAKE. This implies that there are no generic attacks against any of the modes that BLAKE2 uses.
A Model-Based methodology for integrated preliminary sizing and analysis of aircraft power system architectures (2008)

Cette thèse développe une méthodologie introduisant une nouvelle capacité de trade-offs rapides et consistantes au niveau avion des architectures de systèmes de puissance aéronautiques en phases amont de développement. Cette méthodologie est implémentée dans une plateforme de simulation intégrée. Des architectures de type conventionnelles et nouvelles (plus électriques ou bleed-less) peuvent être dimensionnées d une façon préliminaire, d être analysées rapidement et comparées d une manière consistante. La possibilité d effectuer des études de sensibilité est ainsi mise en place. La méthodologie est basée sur la formalisation du processus du dimensionnement intégrée de l architecture, combinée avec un processus d analyse de performance au niveau avion. Basé sur une analyse fonctionnelle, des modèles paramétriques dédiés sont développés. Ces modèles intègrent le concept de l espace opération de conception (dépendance du temps, modes d opération normal, dégradé, minimal). Ces modèles sont implémentés dans une plateforme de simulation suivant une approche modulaire: chaque système est implémenté sous forme d un module de système de puissance avec des interfaces formalisées (échange de puissance) qui permettent d établir différents niveaux de modélisation. Les systèmes séparément et l architecture des systèmes complète sont validés. Trois exemples significatifs illustrent l application de cette nouvelle méthodologie : la comparaison de deux architectures au niveau avion, la synthèse du dimensionnement de la génération électrique et le lien de la plateforme de simulation de l architectures des systèmes avec un modèle d avion global thermique. Ainsi, la méthodologie et l outil proposé permettent d élaborer des architectures de systèmes de puissance optimisées au niveau avion
Association of gender with outcomes in critically ill patients (2012)

Among the critically ill patients, women less than 50 years of age had a lower ICU mortality compared to men, while 50 years of age or older women did not have a significant difference compared to men. Women had a higher mortality compared to men after CABG surgery and lower mortality with COPD exacerbation. There was no difference in mortality in acute coronary syndrome, sepsis or trauma.
Annexin A1 Counteracts Chemokine-Induced Arterial Myeloid Cell Recruitment (2014)

Instructing the annexin A1-FPR2 axis harbors a novel approach to target arterial leukocyte recruitment. With the ability of Ac2-26 to counteract integrin activation exerted by various chemokines, delivery of Ac2-26 may be superior in inhibition of arterial leukocyte recruitment when compared with blocking individual chemokine receptors.
Atmospheric Compensation and Tracking Using Active Illumination (1998)

■ The U.S. Air Force is developing the airborne laser (ABL), whose mission is to engage and destroy theater ballistic missiles such as the SCUD while these missiles are in their boost phase. This mission capability requires high-energy laser propagation over long horizontal paths (200 to 300 km) through the upper atmosphere. To be effective in the presence of atmospheric turbulence, the ABL must utilize precision tracking and adaptive-optics compensation. Although the strength of atmospheric turbulence at ABL altitudes (35,000 to 45,000 feet) is relatively weak compared to sea level, the long horizontal laser-propagation paths create severe challenges for the adaptive-optics and tracking systems. An equally difficult challenge is created because the missile provides no beacon for the adaptive-optics and tracking systems. The target missile must be actively illuminated so that backscatter from the missile body can be used to form an image for the tracking system and provide a beacon for the adaptive-optics system. To understand this problem better and to improve system performance, we conducted propagation experiments at the Firepond telescope facility on Millstone Hill in Westford, Massachusetts. These tests utilized a 5.4-km horizontal propagation range between Millstone Hill and a fire tower in the town of Groton, Massachusetts. These experiments, which demonstrated for the first time active tracking and adaptive compensation under ABL conditions, suggest that the ABL can meet its mission goals and perform at levels required for effective theater missile defense.