gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current views on the persistence of immunity following hepatitis B vaccination. (2015)

This paper presents current views on the persistence of immunity following vaccination against hepatitis B. Very high effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination has been reported in a number of studies worldwide. Standard vaccination with approved schedule induces protective antibody titers in healthy newborns, children, adolescents and adults in more than 96% and 90% of cases, respectively. A number of studies have also confirmed the occurrence of anamnestic response to a booster injection of HB vaccine even after 20 years following primary immunization. From the numerous studies transpires that cellular response following hepatitis B vaccination persists longer compared to humoral response. Irrespective of gradual decline and loss of anti-HBs antibodies, adequately performed primary immunization in healthy persons ensures long-term protection against acute and chronic stages of hepatitis B. In fact, T and B lymphocytes, whose responsiveness prevails the presence of anti-HBs antibodies in serum, are true markers of immunity. A special attention should be given to persons with secondary immunodeficiencies or immunosuppressed patients whose immunization against hepatitis B raises difficulties.
Reply on RC1 (2022)

This paper provides a summary of the work done within Phase III of the Offshore Code Comparison, Collaboration, Continued, with Correlation and unCertainty project (OC6), under International Energy Agency Wind Task 30. This phase focused on validating the aerodynamic loading on a wind turbine rotor undergoing large motion caused by a floating support structure. Numerical models of the Danish Technical University 10-MW reference wind turbine were validated using measurement data from a 1:75 scale test performed during the UNsteady Aerodynamics for FLOating Wind (UNAFLOW) project and a follow-on experimental campaign, both performed at the Politecnico di Milano wind tunnel. Validation of the models was performed by comparing the loads for steady (fixed platform) and unsteady wind conditions (harmonic motion of the platform). For the unsteady wind conditions, the platform was forced to oscillate in the surge and pitch directions under several frequencies and amplitudes. These oscillations result in a wind variation that impacts the rotor loads (e.g., thrust and torque). For the conditions studied in these tests, the system mainly described a quasi-steady aerodynamic behavior. Only a small hysteresis in airfoil performance undergoing angle of attack variations in attached flow was observed. During the experiments, the rotor speed and blade pitch angle were held constant. However, in real wind turbine operating conditions, the surge and pitch variations would result in rotor speed variations and/or blade pitch actuations depending on the wind turbine controller region that the system is operating. Additional simulations with these control parameters were conducted to verify the fidelity between different models. Participant results showed in general a good agreement with the experimental measurements and the need to account for dynamic inflow when there are changes in the flow conditions due to the rotor speed variations or blade pitch actuations in response to surge and pitch motion. Numerical models not accounting for dynamic inflow effects predicted rotor loads that were 9 % lower in amplitude during rotor speed variations and 18 % higher in amplitude during blade pitch actuations.
Activity of Yttrium 90 (90Y) Ibritumomab Tiuxetan (Zevalin®) in 22 Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL). (2005)

Abstract Background: The management of MCL is a significant therapeutic challenge, especially in patients with relapsed or refractory disease, who are generally refractory to salvage chemotherapy. Although recent studies have shown the clinical utility of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in relapsed and transformed indolent B-cell lymphoma, the clinical efficacy of this treatment modality in patients with MCL is unknown. We report the results of an ongoing phase II clinical trial of yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin®) in patients with relapsed and refractory MCL. Patients and Methods: Patients with relapsed or refractory MCL with measurable disease, age ≥18 years, and performance status &amp;lt;3 were eligible. Patients were required to have adequate function of the bone marrow (ANC ≥1,500/mm3, platelets ≥100,000/mm3), liver, and kidneys. Patients were excluded if they had prior stem cell transplantation, RIT, CNS lymphoma, HIV infection, pleural effusion, HAMA reactivity, or circulating lymphoma cell count &amp;gt;5000/mm3. Patients with pretreatment platelet counts ≥150,000/mm3 received a dose of Zevalin at 0.4 mCi 90Y/kg (maximum dose 32 mCi), whereas those with platelet counts &amp;lt;150,000/mm3 received 0.3 mCi 90Y/kg. Results: Twenty-two patients were enrolled and all qualified for evaluation of treatment response and toxicity. The median age was 67 years (range 51–77), and 18 patients were male. All patients had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 and had been previously treated with rituximab with or without other chemotherapy. The median number of prior regimens was 3 (range 1–6). Fourteen patients were previously treated with Hyper-CVAD alternating with MTX/Ara-C, 21 previously received rituximab, and 5 previously received bortezomib. Zevalin treatment was generally well tolerated, with the most common toxicities being hematologic. Objective responses were observed in 8 of 22 patients (36%), including 3 CR and 2 CRu. Seven of the eight responding patients were previously treated with 3 or less treatment regimens, and all responding patients did not have bulky disease, with the largest lesion measuring 3 cm or less. Median time to progression for CR/CRu patients was 6 months. Conclusion: The observed responses to Zevalin in heavily pretreated patients with MCL are promising, but the duration of responses has been short. Furtherinvestigation is warranted after first or second relapse, and in conjunction with front-line therapy.
Exploring the Scope of the InfiniBand Congestion Control Mechanism (2012)

In a loss less interconnection network, network congestion needs to be detected and resolved to ensure high performance and good utilization of network resources at high network load. If no countermeasure is taken, congestion at a node in the network will stimulate the growth of a congestion tree that not only affects contributors to congestion, but also other traffic flows in the network. Left untouched, the congestion tree will block traffic flows, lead to underutilization of network resources and result in a severe drop in network performance. The InfiniBand standard specifies a congestion control (CC) mechanism to detect and resolve congestion before a congestion tree is able to grow and, by that, hamper the network performance. The InfiniBand CC mechanism includes a rich set of parameters that can be tuned in order to achieve effective CC. Even though it has been shown that the CC mechanism, properly tuned, is able to improve both throughput and fairness in an interconnection network, it has been questioned whether the mechanism is fast enough to keep up with dynamic network traffic, and if a given set of parameter values for a topology is robust when it comes to different traffic patterns, or if the parameters need to be tuned depending on the applications in use. In this paper we address both these questions. Using the three-stage fat-tree topology from the Sun Data center InfiniBand Switch 648 as a basis, and a simulator tuned against CC capable InfiniBand hardware, we conduct a systematic study of the efficiency of the InfiniBand CC mechanism as the network traffic becomes increasingly more dynamic. Our studies show that the InfiniBand CC, even when using a single set of parameter values, performs very well as the traffic patterns becomes increasingly more dynamic, outperforming a network without CC in all cases. Our results show throughput increases varying from a few percent, to a seventeen-fold increase.
Comparison of Vaginal Flora in Patients with Spontaneous Abortion and Women with Normal First-Trimester (2018)

Objective: The effect of alterations in vaginal flora during pregnancy remains uncertain. We compared the flora distribution in women with spontaneous abortion (SA) and those in normal condition. Methods: Samples of vaginal discharge were obtained from 3,233 women attending the Gynecological and Public Health Centre of our hospital from January 2010 to December 2013. Pathogen culture testing was performed by the Microbiological Diagnostic Centre of our hospital, including SA group (n = 1,513), normal first-trimester group (NP group, n = 908), and nonpregnant women (control group, n = 812). Results: Of 3,233 vaginal discharge samples, 425 samples (13.15%) were positive for pathogen. The pathogen detection rate was 19.96% (302/1,513), 7.93% (72/908), and 6.28% (51/812) in the SA, NP, and control groups, respectively. The five most common bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, group B Streptococcus (GBS), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) in the SA group; Uu, C. albicans, Candida tropicalis, GBS, and E. faecalis in the NP group; and Candida glabrata, Uu, E. coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, and C. albicans in the control group. Conclusions: In the SA group, the pathogen detection rate was markedly elevated. An infection of Candida sp. in pregnant women was relatively common. In routine antenatal care, overtreatment is not recommended in asymptomatic candidiasis. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of Uu between the SA group and the other two groups, suggesting that it does not cause SA.
Paving the way to Smart Sustainable Cities: Transformation Models and Challenges (2015)

Rapid urbanization and globalization make the move toward Smart Sustainable Cities (SSC) a must. Achieving successful transformation towards SSCs constitutes a significant challenge for policy makers. One area that is not well covered in the literature is the application of SSCs in specific regions, such as the Arab region. This paper draws upon examples of SSCs initiatives and existing SSC transformation frameworks to more fully articulate the challenges of achieving successful SSC projects across the Arab region. One of the interesting emergent themes is the emergence of two main approaches to SSCs transformation, Brownfield and Greenfield approaches.
Down‐regulation of class II major histocompatibility complex molecules on antigen‐presenting cells by antibody fragments (1995)

Certain HLA class II-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) cause up to 90% decrease in the cell surface expression of class II molecules. This down-regulation is isotype-specific, i.e. DR-specific mAb do not affect the expression of DP and DQ molecules. However, antibodies binding to one DR allotype down-regulate both allotypes in heterozygous antigen-presenting cells (APC), indicating that the phenomenon is not a direct consequence of ligation. All down-regulating mAb identified recognize the first (peptide binding) domains of class II heterodimers, and strongly inhibit the activation of class II-restricted human T cells in vitro. Conversely, non-down-regulating mAb fail to inhibit T cell activation, and most of them (four out of five) recognize class II second domains. Down-regulating antibodies are cytotoxic for B lymphoblastoid cell lines and for a small proportion of normal activated B cells. Their F(ab')2 fragments mediate both down-regulation and cytotoxicity, whereas the monovalent Fab fragments are not cytotoxic, but retain the down-regulatory and T cell inhibitory properties. These findings raise the possibility of a class II major histocompatibility complex-specific, antibody-based immunosuppressive therapy without cytotoxic side effects.
Evolving an adaptive industrial software system to use architecture-based self-adaptation (2013)

Although architecture-based self-adaptation has been widely used, there is still little understanding about the validity and tradeoffs of incorporating it into real-world software-intensive systems which already feature built-in adaptation mechanisms. In this paper, we report on our experience in integrating Rainbow, a platform for architecture-based self-adaptation, and an industrial middleware employed to monitor and manage highly populated networks of devices. Specifically, we reflect on aspects such as the effort required for framework customization and legacy code refactoring, performance improvement, and the impact of architecture-based self-adaptation on system evolution.
Pulse-to-pulse coherence between stokes pulses generated by stimulated Raman scattering in the transient regime (2017)

Summary form only given. Hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCF) opened new perspectives towards multi-octave comb generation and waveform synthesis using stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) generation in gases introduced in its core [1, 2]. In the transient regime of SRS [3], a short pump pulse combined to a high gain can amplify a few spatial-temporal modes (STM) from the quantum noise. It is even possible to have only one coherent STM mode amplified to the macroscopic level if the net gain is high enough, which in HC-PCF configuration can reach extremely high values (>1000). Furthermore, the close-to-single mode guidance of these HC-PCF acts as spatial filter for the STM by leaving only the mode with the highest Raman gain coefficient. This process was proven to be an efficient means to generate a large Raman comb which spectral lines are phase coherent within a single pump pulse. On the other hand, previous works showed that in transient regime pulse-to-pulse phase locking between Stokes can be achieved for pulse-delay of 2.6 ns, which is ~9 times longer than the molecular dephasing time [4]. Also, it was shown that this Raman coherence survival time is proportional to the initial Raman excited molecules which scales exponentially with the net gain. Consequently, the use of HC-PCF could enable to have pulse-to-pulse phase locking with much longer delay using the same configuration as in [1, 2]. Here, we report on a phase-coherence between two Stokes pulses generated in H2-filled HC-PCF with time-spacing as large as 28 ns. The experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1(a) where two pulses, emitted from a 1064 nm microchip laser with a 500 Hz repetition rate and a pulse energy of 50 μJ, are delayed by τ and coupled into a 4 m-long H2-filled Photonic Band Gap (PBG) HC-PCF to generate SRS (see Fig. 1 (c) for typical spectra for different pump powers). A pair of delayed first-order rotational Stokes pulses at 1135 nm are extracted and passed through a second delay stage to be temporally superposed [Fig. 1(b)], and sent to a CCD camera for interference fringes measurement. Figure 1(d) shows the measured visibility evolution with τ. The results show that interference fringes [insets in Fig. 1(d)] are observed even for τ = 28 ns. The fit of the τ-evolution of the visibility shows an exponential decrease.
GROUP workshop proposal (2012)

Collaboration is critical to the management of modern computer systems. At every scale, making computers work is a collective task, from enterprise systems where teams of disparate specialists work together to understand, manage, and maintain vast complex IT infrastructures, all the way down to individuals seeking online, family, and co-worker help on how to keep their personal computers running. Since 2007, the CHIMIT symposium has served as a venue for research on all aspects of HCI and the management of information technology. CHIMIT sits at the intersection of several research communities, and to better draw in people from these communities, we plan to hold a series of workshops emphasizing various aspects of HCI and IT management. For GROUP, we propose a one-day workshop examining the collaborative aspects of configuring, managing, and troubleshooting computer systems at all scales.
Amplification free detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA (2011)

Amplification-free detection of nucleic acids in complex biological samples is an important technology for clinical diagnostics, especially in the case where the detection is quantitative and highly sensitive. Here we present the detection of a synthetic DNA sequence from Herpes Simplex Virus-1 within swine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), using a sandwich-like, magnetic nanoparticle pull-down assay. Magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles were both modified with DNA probes, able to hybridise either end of the target DNA, forming the sandwich-like complex which can be captured magnetically and detected by fluorescence. The concentration of the target DNA was determined by counting individual and aggregated fluorescent nanoparticles on a planar glass surface within a fluidic chamber. DNA probe coupling for both nanoparticles was optimized. Polystyrene reporter nanoparticles that had been modified with amine terminated DNA probes were also treated with amine terminated polyethylene glycol, in order to reduce non-specific aggregation and target independent adhesion to the magnetic particles. This way, a limit of detection for the target DNA of 0.8 pM and 1 pM could be achieved for hybridisation buffer and CSF respectively, corresponding to 0.072 and 0.090 femtomoles of target DNA, in a volume of 0.090 mL.
Ergonomic risk assessment: preliminary guidelines for analysis of repetition, force and posture. (1993)

High repetition, excessive forces and awkward postures are a major cause of musculoskeletal disorders in industry. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to develop, based on the published literature, preliminary ergonomic guidelines for repetition, force, and posture task analysis. A method is also proposed which can be used to compute the interactive effects of repetition, force and posture.
Surface orientation of polypropylene. II. Determination for uniaxially and biaxially oriented films using internal reflection spectroscopy (1984)

Abstract The major objective of this work was to develop a simple and rapid technique to quantitatively measure the macromolecular chain orientation in polypropylene surfaces. A previously described experimental design employing attenuated total reflection spectroscopy near the critical angle was applied. The infrared dichroism of the 841‐ and 809‐cm −1 bands of polypropylene was used to quantitatively determine a fractional orientation function of the macromolecular chains along the three major film axes (machine direction, transverse direction, and thickness or normal direction). The surface orientation of a set of polypropylene films uniaxially extended from 0 to 500% was determined using this technique. The variation of surface orientation, bulk crystallinity, and thickness with extension of these uniaxially extended films were compared. The surface orientation of an unoriented and several biaxially oriented polypropylene films was compared to the bulk orientation determined by a similar transmission infrared dichroism method. It was found that surface and bulk orientation were generally similar. It was shown that rather small orientations could be measured by the surface orientation method and that it was applicable to multilayer films and very thick samples, where the transmission method fails.
A Simple Primary Amine Thiourea Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of α,α‐Disubstituted Aldehydes to Maleimides (2010)

Branch point: A simple primary amine thiourea catalyzed highly enantioselective conjugate addition of α,α-disubstituted aldehydes to maleimides has been developed. The biologically useful chiral disubstituted α-branched succinimides are attained with the generation of two contiguous quaternary and/or tertiary stereogenic centers in one step with excellent enantioselectivities and in high yields under mild reaction conditions (see scheme).
Evaluation of an isometric and a position joystick in a target acquisition task for individuals with cerebral palsy (2000)

Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) with upper limb disability have difficulty operating standard computer input devices such as, a mouse and a keyboard. The present study evaluated the performance of unimpaired individuals and those with CP in the use of a zero-order spring-centered position joystick and a zero-order isometric joystick when interacting with the computer. We hypothesize that the isometric device due to its stiff resistance would provide better control on cursor movement than the position joystick. The subjects acquired differently sized targets at different distances by positioning a cursor on the target. Performance with the position joystick was superior to that of the isometric joystick. The time to acquire the target was directly proportional to the cursor-target distance A, and indirectly proportional to the target size W. Subjects chose to move more slowly toward the smaller and closer targets and they increased speed for larger and more distant targets. The phase-plane diagram that plots values of the velocity profile of the cursor over its displacement revealed the presence of one large amplitude movement that accounts for the peak velocity of the cursor, and several submovements. Fitts' index of difficulty, log(e)(2W/A) was found to be a good predictor of the movement time in a cursor positioning task for both, unimpaired individuals and those with CP.
Re(CO)3-Templated Synthesis of Semihemiporphyrazines (2016)

Half-hemiporphyrazine macrocycles, which can be called "semihemiporphyrazines", were synthesized using the Re(CO)<sub>3</sub> unit as a templating agent. The products of these template reactions are six-coordinate rhenium complexes, with a facial arrangement of carbonyls, a halide, and a bidentate semihemiporphyrazine chelate that tilts out of the plane of coordination. Three types of semihemiporphyrazines can be produced from these reactions, depending on the alternate heterocycle to the isoindoline unit; structures including pyridine, thiazole, and benzimidazole were formed. The electronic structures of these compounds were probed using spectroscopy as well as density functional theory methods.