gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrokinetic control of a chemical reaction in a lab-on-a-chip micro-reactor: measurement and quantitative modellingElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. The first video file (run2 PADA 450nm.avi) shows a video sequence of gray images recorded at 450 nm where PADA has maximum absorbance. The sequence shows the PADA injection followed by reaction when the 'flow' mode is restarted. The second file (run2 Complex 550nm.avi) shows the corresponding image sequence recorded at 550 nm where the complex has maximum absorbance. The videos do not correspond to real time; they consist of a series of 'snapshots' run in sequence. The actual time sequences are detailed in Figs. 11 and 12. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/lc/b2/b201685k/ (2002)

We have investigated the complex formation/dissociation reaction between Ni(2+) ions and the ligand pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylaniline (PADA) in a glass micro-reactor operating under electrokinetic control. An in situ, microscope-imaging technique was used to determine the spatial and temporal evolution of the reaction within the channel network of the micro-reactor. Using appropriately controlled voltage sequences, a 'slug' of PADA was injected into a stream of Ni(2+) solution. Under the experimental reaction conditions used, Ni(2+) ions are mixed with the PADA as a consequence of the species' different electrokinetic mobilities allowing the complex formation to occur at the trailing edge of the PADA slug. Following complex formation, reversal of the flow results in the partial re-formation of free PADA by dissociation of the complex, demonstrating that voltage control can be used to drive the reaction either forwards or backwards. We discuss the methods whereby all the parameters required to predict the spatial and temporal evolution of the reaction in the micro-reactor can be either measured or estimated. Based on the estimated parameters, model calculations of the concentration profiles as a function of time show good agreement with the measured data.
MED28 Regulates Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Through NFκB in Human Breast Cancer Cells (2016)

MED28, a mammalian Mediator subunit, was found highly expressed in several types of malignancy, including breast cancer. Recently, we have identified a role of MED28 in regulating both cell growth and migration in human breast cancer cells. In epithelium-derived solid tumor, migration and invasion are preceded by the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which calls for downregulation of epithelial markers as well as upregulation of mesenchymal markers, among other features. The objective of this study was to investigate a putative role of MED28 in the progression of EMT in human breast cancer cells. In fibroblast-like MDA-MB-231 cells, suppression of MED28 attenuated the mesenchymal morphology, concomitantly with a reduction of several mesenchymal biomarkers and Snail, a transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin. The suppression effect was also accompanied by downregulation of p-NFκB/p65. However, overexpression of MED28 exhibited in an opposite manner. In epithelial MCF7 cells, administration of Adriamycin®, an experimental EMT induction system, led to a mesenchyme-like appearance correlated with increased expression of MED28, p-p65, and Snail, and a reciprocal change of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Furthermore, suppression of MED28 attenuated the experimental EMT effect and restored the original expression status of E-cadherin and MMP9 in MCF7 cells. Our data indicate that MED28 modulates the development of EMT through NFκB in human breast cancer cells, further reinforcing the significance of MED28 in the progression of breast cancer on top of its role in cell growth and migration. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1337-1345, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coronary angioscopy. (1995)

Coronary angioscopy will not replace angiography as the gold standard for imaging atherosclerotic coronary arteries. However, there may well be a clinical niche for a technology that gives accurate information regarding a specific lesion, if that information can be used to improve the acute or chronic outcome of an interventional procedure. Our experience demonstrates that angioscopy indeed provides this information. Using angioscopy, we now have access to information regarding arterial wall disease that heretofore has been available only at necropsy. In addition, whereas angiography has provided only a 2-dimensional, gray-scale image of the coronary vessels, angioscopy offers a full-color, 3-dimensional perspective of the intracoronary surface morphology. These important lesion-specific details, not reliably available from angiography alone, may ultimately be used to improve patient outcome and to assess risk.
Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase activity and nucleic acid synthesis in tumor cells by the dialdehyde derivatives of inosine (NSC 118994) and inosinic acid. (1976)

Periodate-oxidized inosine (Inox; NSC 118994) and periodate-oxidized 5'-inosinic acid (PI-IMP) were prepared and studied for their effects on ribonucleotide reductase activity in partially purified extracts from Ehrlich tumor cells and on nucleic acid synthesis in intact tumor cells in culture. Ribonucleotide reductase activity in cell-free extracts from Ehrlich tumor cells was inhibited by Inox and PI-IMP. PI-IMP was more inhibitory to the reductase activity than was Inox. Furthermore, the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase activity by Inox and PI-IMP was greater for cytidine-5'-diphosphate reductase activity than for adenosine-5'-diphosphate reductase activity. The ribonucleotide reductase activity in cell-free extracts prepared from Ehrlich tumor cells treated with Inox or PI-IMP in culture was decreased compared with the activity in the extracts from untreated cells. Incorporation of labeled cytidine into the RNA and DNA of Ehrlich tumor cells in culture was inhibited by both Inox and PI-IMP. The conversion of cytidine to deoxycytidine nucleotides in the acid-soluble pool was likewise inhibited. These data indicate that Inox and PI-IMP inhibit the ribonucleotide reductase step as one of the sites of action of these compounds. However, the inhibition of RNA synthesis indicates that there must be additional sites of action of these nucleoside analogs.
ChemInform Abstract: PARTIAL SYNTHESES OF CARDENOLIDES AND CARDENOLIDE ANALOGS. VII. SYNTHESIS OF A/B‐CIS‐ AND C/D‐CIS‐LINKED STEROIDAL MONO‐ AND BIS(α‐METHYLENE‐Γ‐BUTYROLACTONES) (1984)

Abstract Das Digitoxigenin (I) wird durch SeO 2 ‐Oxidation und anschließende Abspaltung des Butyrolactonringes durch KMnO 4 in das 3‐Acetoxyandrostanon (IIa) und dieses in das 3‐Hydroxyderivat (IIb) übergeführt.
A proteome approach defines protective functions of tobacco leaf trichomes (2005)

The leaf surface of most terrestrial plants is covered with plant hairs called trichomes. These epidermal appendages are thought to contribute to many aspects of plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses in a variety of species. Trichome development has been intensively studied in Arabidopsis, and the phytochemical composition of trichomes was analyzed in a number of plant species. However, comparatively little is known of the proteins expressed. We therefore initiated a proteome approach to better define the cellular mechanisms operating in plant trichomes using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to separate proteins of whole leaves and isolated trichomes. Tobacco was chosen due to the presence of glandular trichomes involved in the secretion of defense compounds. Comparative image analysis of the protein patterns indicated a number of spots, which were highly enriched in trichomes relative to leaves. These spots were excised for identification by mass spectrometry. The results showed that among the proteins specifically enriched in trichomes, the components of stress defense responses were strongly represented. The high expression of stress-related proteins was verified by Western blotting. Superoxide dismutase isoforms were additionally analyzed by activity staining. Our results demonstrate feasibility of the proteome approach to elucidate the cell biology of plant trichomes.
Exploiting soft and hard correlations in big data query optimization (2016)

Big data infrastructures are increasingly supporting datasets that are relatively structured. These datasets are full of correlations among their attributes, which if managed in systematic ways would enable optimization opportunities that otherwise will be missed. Unlike relational databases in which discovering and exploiting the correlations in query optimization have been extensively studied, in big data infrastructures, such important data properties and their utilization have been mostly abandoned. The key reason is that domain experts may know many correlations but with a degree of uncertainty ( fuzziness or softness ). Since the data is big, it is very challenging to validate such correlations, judge their worthiness, and put strategies for utilizing them in query optimization. Existing techniques for exploiting soft correlations in RDBMSs, e.g., BHUNT, CORDS, and CM, are heavily tailored towards optimizing factors inherent in relational databases, e.g., predicate selectivity and random I/O accesses of secondary indexes, which are issues not applicable to big data infrastructures, e.g., Hadoop. In this paper, we propose the EXORD system to fill in this gap by exploiting the data's correlations in big data query optimization. EXORD supports two types of correlations; hard correlations---which are guaranteed to hold for all data records, and soft correlations---which are expected to hold for most, but not all, data records. We introduce a new three-phase approach for (1) Validating and judging the worthiness of soft correlations, (2) Selecting and preparing the soft correlations for deployment by specially handling the violating data records, and (3) Deploying and exploiting the correlations in query optimization. We propose a novel cost-benefit model for adaptively selecting the most beneficial soft correlations w.r.t a given query workload while minimizing the introduced overhead. We show the complexity of this problem (NP-Hard), and propose a heuristic to efficiently solve it in a polynomial time. EXORD can be integrated with various state-of-art big data query optimization techniques, e.g., indexing and partitioning. EXORD prototype is implemented as an extension to the Hive engine on top of Hadoop. The experimental evaluation shows the potential of EXORD in achieving more than 10x speedup while introducing minimal storage overheads.
Analysis of Spatially Multiplexed Helically Propagating Channels in Step Index Optical Waveguides (2011)

Spatial Domain Multiplexing (SDM) is a novel optical multiplexing technique that allows co-propagation of multiple helical channels of same wavelength through a single optical fiber. Helical propagation of SDM channels is discussed and analyzed.
Thymosin beta 4 (Fx peptide) is a potent regulator of actin polymerization in living cells. (1992)

Thymosin beta 4 (beta 4) is a 5-kDa polypeptide originally identified in calf thymus. Although numerous activities have been attributed to beta 4, its physiological role remains elusive. Recently, beta 4 was found to bind actin in human platelet extracts and to inhibit actin polymerization in vitro, raising the possibility that it may be a physiological regulator of actin assembly. To examine this potential function, we have increased the cellular beta 4 concentration by microinjecting synthetic beta 4 into living epithelial cells and fibroblasts. The injection induced a diminution of stress fibers and a dose-dependent depolymerization of actin filaments as indicated by quantitative image analysis of phalloidin binding. Our results show that beta 4 is a potent regulator of actin assembly in living cells.
Diffraction by absorbent wide barriers (1981)

Wide barriers of a trapezoidal shape are investigated analytically and experimentally. The analytic model for the diffracted pressure is basedon the geometrical theory of diffraction. The incident ray is considered to undergo double diffraction, once at each of the edges of the two back-to-back wedges of the trapezoidal barrier. Thus, the second ray from first wedge to the second must graze the upper surface of the wide barrier. For the double diffraction calculations, the analytic solution for the diffraction by an absorbent single wedge, as originally developed by Malyuzhinets, is used. However, his solution breaks down on the surfaces of absorbent wedges. A correction solution was thus developed for rays that graze the surface of an absorbent wedge, facilitating a model for an absorbent wide barrier. Experiments on ⅕ scale models of hard and absorbent wide barriers were also conducted inside a gymnasium, where harmonic point sources as well as incoherent A-weighted line noise sources were used. The prediction of the analytic models and the experimental data compare favorably for point to point propagation. [Work supported by National Cooperative Highway Research Program—National Research Council.]
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the NADPH-dependent 3-quinuclidinone reductase fromRhodotorula rubra (2009)

(R)-3-Quinuclidinol is a useful compound that is applicable to the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. The NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase 3-quinuclidinone reductase from Rhodotorula rubra catalyzes the stereospecific reduction of 3-quinuclidinone to (R)-3-quinuclidinol and is expected to be utilized in industrial production of this alcohol. 3-Quinuclidinone reductase from R. rubra was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using Ni-affinity and ion-exchange column chromatography. Crystals of the protein were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using PEG 8000 as the precipitant. The crystals belonged to space group P4(1)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 91.3, c = 265.4 A, and diffracted X-rays to 2.2 A resolution. The asymmetric unit contained four molecules of the protein and the solvent content was 48.4%.
Cyclic voltammetric studies of octabutylthiophthalo-cyaninato-cobalt(II) and its self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold electrode (2002)

The synthesis of thiol-derivatized cobalt phthalocyanine complex, 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa (butylthiophthalocyaninatocobalt(II) ( CoOBTPc ) is described. Cyclic voltammetric data of this complex in DMF showed five quasi-reversible and reversible, diffusion-controlled redox couples, comprising both the phthalocyanine ring and central metal redox processes. The CoOBTPc complex forms a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold electrode. The investigation of the integrity of this SAM, using the established cyclic voltammetric methods in aqueous alkaline solutions, gave evidence about the formation of a stable and easily reproducible monolayer. However, due to its susceptibility to destruction via oxidative and reductive desorptions, its potential application as an electrochemical sensor in alkaline pH is limited to a potential window of between −0.20 and +0.55 V vs Ag / AgCl .
The influence of moisture and temperature on the ultrasonic viscoelastic properties of cellulose (1988)

On a utilise trois techniques ultrasonores pour mesurer les parametres viscoelastiques d'echantillons de papier et de cellophane en fonction de la temperature et de l'humidite. On presente des relations simplifiees humidite-temperature-module viscoelastique pour des conditions que l'on rencontre dans la partie seche de la machine a papier. Les resultats sont compares avec ceux de mesures a des frequences plus basses, et on les explique en termes de processus de relaxation thermique
The Risk- Benefit of Autotransfusion (1983)

Silva, Raymond M.D.; Moore, Ernest E. M. D.; Bar-Or, Oavid M.D.; Galloway, W. Ben M.D. Author Information
Azo compounds. 1. Synthesis and decomposition of 3,3'-diphenyl-5,5'-bi-1-pyrazoline (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAzo compounds. 1. Synthesis and decomposition of 3,3'-diphenyl-5,5'-bi-1-pyrazolineCharles G. Overberger, Richard E. Zangaro, Rudolph E. K. Winter, and Jean P. AnselmeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 7, 975–978Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00806a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00806a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-Label Classification on Tree- and DAG-Structured Hierarchies (2011)

Many real-world applications involve multi-label classification, in which the labels are organized in the form of a tree or directed acyclic graph (DAG). However, current research efforts typically ignore the label dependencies or can only exploit the dependencies in tree-structured hierarchies. In this paper, we present a novel hierarchical multilabel classification algorithm which can be used on both tree- and DAG-structured hierarchies. The key idea is to formulate the search for the optimal consistent multi-label as the finding of the best subgraph in a tree/DAG. Using a simple greedy strategy, the proposed algorithm is computationally efficient, easy to implement, does not suffer from the problem of insufficient/skewed training data in classifier training, and can be readily used on large hierarchies. Theoretical results guarantee the optimality of the obtained solution. Experiments are performed on a large number of functional genomics data sets. The proposed method consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art method on both tree- and DAG-structured hierarchies. Copyright 2011 by the author(s)/owner(s).
Feasibility and Implementation of a Deep Learning MR Reconstruction for TSE Sequences in Musculoskeletal Imaging (2021)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the musculoskeletal system is one of the most common examinations in clinical routine. The application of Deep Learning (DL) reconstruction for MRI is increasingly gaining attention due to its potential to improve the image quality and reduce the acquisition time simultaneously. However, the technology has not yet been implemented in clinical routine for turbo spin echo (TSE) sequences in musculoskeletal imaging. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the technical feasibility and evaluate the image quality. Sixty examinations of knee, hip, ankle, shoulder, hand, and lumbar spine in healthy volunteers at 3 T were included in this prospective, internal-review-board-approved study. Conventional (TSE<sub>S</sub>) and DL-based TSE sequences (TSE<sub>DL</sub>) were compared regarding image quality, anatomical structures, and diagnostic confidence. Overall image quality was rated to be excellent, with a significant improvement in edge sharpness and reduced noise compared to TSE<sub>S</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No difference was found concerning the extent of artifacts, the delineation of anatomical structures, and the diagnostic confidence comparing TSE<sub>S</sub> and TSE<sub>DL</sub> (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Therefore, DL image reconstruction for TSE sequences in MSK imaging is feasible, enabling a remarkable time saving (up to 75%), whilst maintaining excellent image quality and diagnostic confidence.
Programming the Linpack benchmark for Roadrunner (2009)

We describe the challenges and opportunities we encountered when developing a hybrid version of the Linpack benchmark for the Los Alamos National Laboratory Roadrunner supercomputing system, which combines traditional x86-64 host processors with IBM PowerXCell™ 8i accelerator processors. The challenges included determining the proper division of the host and accelerator roles in the computation, transfer of data between the host and accelerator memory domains, alignment of data for communication and computation, and data format differences between the two processors. We also describe our approach to modeling the performance of the hybrid system and compare our performance estimates to witnessed performance on the system at different scales and levels of memory consumption. Through careful attention to these issues, we have produced a hybrid version of the Linpack benchmark for the Roadrunner system that achieves 77.8% of peak performance on a single compute node and 74.6% of peak performance over the entire system, making this system the first to achieve a Linpack result exceeding one petaflops (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> floating-point operations per second).
Morphologic Studies in Saphenous Vein Grafts for Aorto-coronary Bypass Surgery Part I: Morphology of the Graft Using Ordinary Surgical Preparation Techniques (1981)

Vein bypass grafts in 8 patients were examined by light microscopy (LM) only or, in addition, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before stretching, after stretching and immediately before implantation. Before stretching, the endothelium showed only discrete changes and detachment of the endothelium was rare. After stretching severe endothelial damage was evident, including loss of large areas of endothelium and extensive endothelial tears. Before implantation there had been an extension of the tears and the endothelial detachment in individual preparations. The most important factor causing damage is stretching of the vein. The incubation medium may also play a significant role. Damage incurred before operation or during removal, and hypoxia are of lesser importance. By avoiding endothelial damage it should be possible to limit the occurrence of early postoperative thrombosis and possibly severe late changes as well.