gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A TOTAL LIQUID VENTILATION SYSTEM (2003)

Introduction Liquid ventilation is an effective method to grave respiratory failure, such as ARDS. Total liquid ventilation (TLV) effectively performs to recover lung compliance and oxygenation ability compared to partial liquid ventilation (PLV). However, there are no commercially available ventilators that use of the TLV method. We developed a ventilator for TLV with a compact and small priming volume (650 ml + tidal volume). Methods and materials • System The ventilator system consists of a circulation circuit and a controller. The circuit was composed of a piston cylinder, an oxygenator, a heat exchanger, a bubble trap, and two one-way valves. The controller was a personal computer that controlled the piston cylinder and the two one-way valves. The airway pressure was maintained between −5 to 10 mmHg during the experiments. • Experiment Three rabbits (weight; 3096±75g) were used in the experiments. After 10 minutes of gas ventilation, the lungs were filled with oxygenated PFC, and the ventilator was replaced to the TLV system. During TLV, the respiratory rate was maintained at 5 cycles/min (inspiration:expiration = 1:2), and the tidal volume was 15 ml/kg. Results Airway pressure was maintained in the range of −2 to 6 mmHg. There was no airway choking for 4 hours in all cases. Arterial blood pressure levels were PO2 = 275.6±20.0, PCO2 = 53.9±3.1. Conclusions The developed TLV system exhibits sufficient ventilation efficacy. We believe that this TLV system may become an innovative prototype for the clinical application of TLV.
Unusual percolation threshold of electromagnetic waves in double‐zero medium embedded with random inclusions (2015)

By investigating the transmission of electromagnetic waves through random media composed of a random cluster of inclusions embedded in a “double‐zero” medium with simultaneously near‐zero permittivity and permeability, a percolation behavior of photons squeezing through the gaps between random inclusions with unity transmittance is observed. Interestingly, such a percolation exhibits a threshold induced by the long‐range connectivity of the “nonconducting” component in the transverse direction instead of the “conducting” component in the propagation direction, which is distinctly different from those in normal percolations. This unusual phenomenon, obtained by full wave simulations, is explained analytically through the introduction of a geometric concept hereby denoted as “free surfaces”. This work reveals a unique type of percolation threshold for electromagnetic waves with potential applications in energy harvesting, sensors and switches. image
Study of a Honeycomb-Type Rigidified Inflatable Structure for Housing (2006)

This paper presents a parametric study aimed at uncovering general design principles that govern the structural performance of honeycomb-type rigidified inflatable structures (RIS) as load-bearing wall systems for use in residential housing. This study involves the use of finite element modeling and optimization. A series of honeycomb-type RIS wall systems, each comprising different honeycomb cell sizes, are examined. The problem at hand is stated in the form of minimizing material volume subject to: permissible stress, maximum allowable deflection, and membrane thickness. The optimization results help identify optimal design configurations for given sets of loading conditions and material properties. The effects of various design parameters, such as cell size, material properties, and membrane thicknesses, are discussed. The performance of honeycomb-type RIS wall systems is compared with that of rectilinear-type RIS wall systems, which were studied previously. The work presented makes a significant step in establishing the feasibility of RIS for housing applications.
Relationship between tensile stress and plaque growth after balloon angioplasty treated with and without intracoronary beta-brachytherapy (2000)

The results of this study suggest that plaque growth is related to tensile stress after balloon angioplasty. Intracoronary brachytherapy may alter the biophysical process on plaque growth when the prescribed dose is effectively delivered.
Negative Thermal Expansion in Ultrathin Plasma Polymerized Films (2006)

An intriguing large negative thermal expansion behavior was observed in ultrathin plasma polymer films. The thermal expansion of plasma polymerized films exhibited a profound hysteresis between the heating and cooling cycles. The surprising thermal behavior was explained as a consequence of high residual stresses caused by the “wedging” phenomenon.
The Bottom-Up Copper Fill of Ø5µm × 40µm Vias Using 2-Component Model Chemistry (2012)

We have explored the possibility to fabricate Cu interconnects for 3D Stacked-Integrated-Circuit (3D-SIC) applications using electrochemical deposition from the Cu bath with model organic additives. The Cu bath used was a two-component bath, with bis(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) as the accelerator, and poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) as the suppressor additive. In this paper, we present the results of extensive tests performed to identify deposition parameters and bath composition leading to bottom-up Cu fill of Ø5µm × 40µm vias.
Dissemination of Clinical Practice Guidelines (2016)

This review describes the current landscape of patient versions of CPGs and suggests that these versions may not address the needs of their targeted audience. Research is needed about how to personalize information, provide information about factors contributing to the recommendations, and provide access.
Abstract 747: Characteristic molecular signature of pericardial effusion identifies malignant cancer in pericardial disorder patients (2019)

Abstract Pericardial effusion (PE) can develop in patients with virtually any condition that affects the pericardium, including acute pericarditis and a variety of systemic disorders. PE is also common in cancer patients, and that may develop by several different mechanisms by direct or metastatic spread of the primary process or as a complication of antineoplastic therapies. Thus, definite differentiation of malignant PE and rapid diagnosis are of particular therapeutic and prognostic importance. We aim to determine etiology-based characteristic molecular changes of PE in pericardial disorder patients, and to identify novel molecular signature for early detection of cancer patients with pericardial disorder. We obtained pericardial fluids from the pericardial disorders including cancer patients. Whole genomic transcriptome scan resulted in 1,639 outlier genes as cancer-specific PE molecular signature. Further analysis showed that a cancer-specific molecular signature exists and discerns cancer patients with non-cancer patients, and that also suggested 191 gene elements as stringent classifier between cancer vs non-cancer (Welch’s t test, p &amp;lt; 0.05 and Ven diagrammatic analysis). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) with additional computational analysis of 1,639 cancer-specific PE molecular signature identified CD24, SDC1, and ST14 as strong molecular markers for identifying cancer in PE patients. In conclusion, whole transcriptomic analysis of pericardial fluids of pericardial disorder patients suggest that etiology-specific molecular signatures can discriminate different patterns of PE, and that they provide useful information for mechanistic studies that may lead to a better understanding of the molecular basis of PE pathology. Keywords: pericardial fluid, differential gene expression, diagnostic markers, CD24, SDC1, ST14 Citation Format: Suk Woo Nam, Sang Yean Kim, Hyung Seok Kim, Hee Doo Yang, Min Jeong Na. Characteristic molecular signature of pericardial effusion identifies malignant cancer in pericardial disorder patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 747.
Nucleotides. Part XXVII Bis[2‐(p‐nitrophenyl)ethyl] Phosphorochloridate, a New Versatile Phosphorylating Agent in Nucleotide Chemistry (1987)

Abstract A new, versatile phosphorylating agent, bis[2‐( p ‐nitrophenyl)ethyl] phosphorochloridate ( 3 ), has been prepared and is used for 3′‐ and/or 5′‐phosphorylations of nucleosides. The resulting bis[2‐( p ‐nitrophenyl)ethyl] phosphotriesters are versatile synthons in oligonucleotide synthesis leading finally to 3′‐ and/or 5′‐terminated monophosphates in excellent yields.
Polymeric membranes containing silver salts for propylene/propane separation (2012)

The separation of olefin/paraffin mixtures is one of the most important processes of the chemical industry. This separation is typically carried out by distillation, which is an energy and capital intensive process. One promising alternative is the use of facilitated transport membranes, which contain specific carrier agents in the polymer matrix that interact reversibly with the double bond in the olefin molecule, promoting the simultaneous increase of its permeability and selectivity. In this study, polyurethane (PU) membranes were prepared using two different silver salts (triflate and hexafluorantimonate). The membranes were structurally characterized and their performance for the separation of propylene/propane mixtures was evaluated. The results of the characterization analyses indicated that the triflate salt was the most efficient carrier agent. The membranes containing this salt showed the best performance, reaching an ideal selectivity of 10 and propylene permeability of 188 Barrer.
Alteration of the protein levels and/or posttranslational modification of CRMP 2 (Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2) in the peripheral blood samples from young schizophrenia patients (2020)

Schizophrenia is a disorder that is characterized by disturbances in thinking, perception, emotions and behavior. However, there are currently no validated biomarkers for schizophrenia. CRMP2 (collapsin response mediator protein 2) is an intracellular protein that plays an important role in mediating axon guidance molecules, dendritic branching and spine formation through its phosphorylation at the serine 522 residue. Accumulating evidence suggests that CRMP2 is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. We examined protein levels in brain specimens of Schizophrenia and control patients. Increased levels of total CRMP2 were found. In many cases this increased CRMP2 lowered the p-CRMP2:total CRMP2 ratio. To determine whether or not CRMP2 is a potential biomarker, we established an in vitro assay system, which allows us to evaluate the amount of CRMP2 and its phosphorylated CRMP2 in human peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes. The absolute value of CRMP2 of schizophrenic patients was higher than that of healthy control subjects under the age of 30 years. The relative amount of phosphorylated form of CRMP2 (pS522-CRMP2) to total CRMP2 (pS522-CRMP2/CRMP2) was low in the young schizophrenia group than the age-matched control young group. These results suggest some alteration of the protein levels and/or posttranslational modification of CRMP2 from schizophrenia patients, providing CRMP2 as a potential biomarker for schizophrenia.
Conformation Control of Iminodibenzyl-Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Material by Tilted Face-to-Face Alignment With Optimal Distance (tFFO) Design (2020)

In organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), all triplet excitons can be harvested as light via reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. To realize efficient TADF, RISC should be fast. Thus, to accomplish rapid RISC, in the present study, a novel TADF emitter, namely, TpIBT-tFFO, was reported. TpIBT-tFFO was compared with IB-TRZ, which contains the same electron donor and acceptor segments, specifically iminodibenzyl and triazine moieties. TpIBT-tFFO is based on a recently proposed molecular design strategy called <i>tilted face-to-face alignment with optimal distance</i> (tFFO), whereas IB-TRZ is a conventional through-bond type molecule. According to quantum chemical calculations, a very large RISC rate constant, <i>k</i> <sub>RISC</sub>, was expected for TpIBT-tFFO because not only the lowest triplet state but also the second lowest triplet state were close to the lowest excited singlet state, as designed in the tFFO strategy. IB-TRZ has two different conformers, leading to dual emission. Conversely, owing to excellent packing, the conformation was fixed to one in the tFFO system, resulting in single-peaked emission for TpIBT-tFFO. TpIBT-tFFO displayed TADF type behavior and afforded higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) compared to IB-TRZ. The <i>k</i> <sub>RISC</sub> of TpIBT-tFFO was determined at 6.9 × 10<sup>6</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, which is one of the highest values among molecules composed of only H, C, and N atoms. The external quantum efficiency of the TpIBT-tFFO-based OLED was much higher than that of the IB-TRZ-based one. The present study confirms the effectiveness of the tFFO design to realize rapid RISC. The tFFO-based emitters were found to exhibit an additional feature, enabling the control of the molecular conformations of the donor and/or acceptor segments.
Near-field Characterization on Light Emanated from Subwavelength Plasmonic Double Slit of Finite Length (2011)

Near-field properties of light emanated from a subwavelength double slit of finite length in a thin metal film, which is essential for understanding fundamental physical mechanisms for near-field optical beam manipulations and various potential nanophotonic device applications, is investigated by using a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Near-field intensity distribution along the propagation direction of light after passing through the slit has been obtained from the phase relation of transverse electric and magnetic fields and the wave impedance. It is found that the near field of emerged light from the both slits is evanescent, that is consistent with conventional surface plasmon localization near the metal surface. Due to the finite of the slit, the amplitude of this evanescent field does not monotonically approach to than of the infinite slit as the slit length increases, i.e. the near-field of the longer slit along the center line can be weaker than that of the shorter one.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of T-cell invigoration to tumour burden ratio associated with anti-PD-1 response. (2020)

Despite the success of monotherapies based on blockade of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) in human melanoma, most patients do not experience durable clinical benefit. Pre-existing T-cell infiltration and/or the presence of PD-L1 in tumours may be used as indicators of clinical response; however, blood-based profiling to understand the mechanisms of PD-1 blockade has not been widely explored. Here we use immune profiling of peripheral blood from patients with stage IV melanoma before and after treatment with the PD-1-targeting antibody pembrolizumab and identify pharmacodynamic changes in circulating exhausted-phenotype CD8 T cells (T ex cells). Most of the patients demonstrated an immunological response to pembrolizumab. Clinical failure in many patients was not solely due to an inability to induce immune reinvigoration, but rather resulted from an imbalance between T-cell reinvigoration and tumour burden. The magnitude of reinvigoration of circulating T ex cells determined in relation to pretreatment tumour burden correlated with clinical response. By focused profiling of a mechanistically relevant circulating Tcell subpopulation calibrated to pretreatment disease burden, we identify a clinically accessible potential on-treatment predictor of response to PD-1 blockade.
Efficacy and safety of a T‐type calcium channel blocker in patients with neuropathic pain: A proof‐of‐concept, randomized, double‐blind and controlled trial (2018)

This article shows that ETX is not effective to treat neuropathic pain. Nevertheless, per-protocol analysis suggests a possible analgesic effect of ETX. Thus, our work adds significant knowledge to preclinical and clinical data on the benefits of T-type calcium channel inhibition for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
The Ethanol Extract of Evodiae Fructus and Its Ingredient, Rutaecarpine, Inhibit Infection of SARS-CoV-2 and Inflammatory Responses (2023)

COVID-19, derived from SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in millions of deaths and caused unprecedented socioeconomic damage since its outbreak in 2019. Although the vaccines developed against SARS-CoV-2 provide some protection, they have unexpected side effects in some people. Furthermore, new viral mutations reduce the effectiveness of the current vaccines. Thus, there is still an urgent need to develop potent non-vaccine therapeutics against this infectious disease. We recently established a series of detecting platforms to screen a large library of Chinese medicinal herbs and phytochemicals. Here, we reveal that the ethanolic extract of Evodiae Fructus and one of its components, rutaecarpine, showed promising potency in inhibiting the activity of 3C-like (3CL) protease, blocking the entry of the pseudo-typed SARS-CoV-2 (including wild-type and omicron) into cultured cells. In addition, inflammatory responses induced by pseudo-typed SARS-CoV-2 were markedly reduced by Evodiae Fructus extract and rutaecarpine. Together our data indicate that the herbal extract of Evodiae Fructus and rutaecarpine are potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, which might be considered as a treatment against COVID-19 in clinical applications.
Real-time imaging and genetic dissection of host-microbe interactions in zebrafish (2013)

Many aspects of host interactions with microbes can only be studied in the context of a whole organism. The zebrafish as a model organism has shown to be highly successful for studies of infection biology and the interactions of commensal microbiota with their hosts. Zebrafish are transparent during embryo and larval development and these early life stages are optimally suited for high-resolution imaging of host-microbe interactions in a vertebrate organism. This is facilitated by the development of a variety of fluorescent reporter lines that mark different immune cell types or subcellular compartments where pathogens reside. The zebrafish is an excellent vertebrate model for forward genetic screening and efficient tools for gene knock-down and targeted mutagenesis add further to the strength of this model organism. The use of zebrafish larvae for studying microbial infections has recently led to important new insights in host defence mechanisms, which are highlighted in this review focused on bacterial pathogens. Considering the highly conserved nature of the processes involved, including innate immune recognition, immunometabolism and autophagy, it is to be expected that these recent findings in zebrafish will have great translational value for biomedical applications.
Relation between interfacial shear strength and compressive strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite strands (2000)

Abstract The mechanism with which the fiber-matrix interfacial strength exerts its influence on the compressive strength of fiber reinforced composites has been studied by measuring the axial compressive strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite strands having different levels of interfacial shear strength. The composite strands are used for experiments in order to investigate the compressive strength which is not affected by the delamination taking place at a weak interlayer of the laminated composites. The interfacial strength is varied by applying various degrees of liquid-phase surface treatment to the fibers. The efficiency of the compressive strength of the fibers utilized in the strength of the composite strands is estimated by measuring the compressive strength of the single carbon filaments with a micro-compression test. The compressive strength of the composite strands does not increase monotonically with increasing interfacial shear strength but showes lower values at higher interfacial shear strengths. With increasing interfacial shear strength, the suppression of the interfacial failure in the misaligned fiber region increases the compressive strength, while at higher interfacial shear strengths, the enhancement of the crack sensitivity decreases the compressive strength. Keywords: Compressive strengthinterfacial shear strengthcarbon fiberepoxy resincomposite
On the Analysis of the Impact of Scheduling Plans in Safety Critical Requirements in Virtualization (2019)

Over the years, virtualization has been deployed due to the benefits it offers, such as a better interoperability and improved performances. Two popular architectures of computers have been widely used in virtualization, x86 and ARM processors. The key component in virtualization is the hypervisor, which is a virtual machine manager that allows multiple guest operating systems (OS) to run on a single host system at the same time. Researchers and practitioners identified the challenge of enabling critical applications to share a common hardware platform without interfering one another as one of the main virtualization safety challenges. In this context, XtratuM was specified as a hypervisor designed to meet safety critical requirements in virtualization. In this paper, a comparison between XtratuM communication performances will be provided for ARM and x86 architectures. Different schedules will be given to partitions in order to examine the effect it has on each communication channel. As it will be demonstrated in this paper, Queuing messages (QC) are slower than Sampling Messages (SP), and this is caused by the internal structure and how messages are sent between partitions. As seen from tests, the version of XtratuM for x86 processors is faster than the one for ARM processors; this is also caused by the differences found in both architectures. In addition, a modified system's architecture based on a previous architecture will be presented, which was modified in order to fit more the limits of XtratuM.
Designing collaboration in consumer products (2001)

Designers of consumer products usually try to address as wide a range of user needs as possible. Due to various design constraints, such as product size and limited interface mechanisms, typically only a portion of those needs can be supported. This paper discusses efforts to design everyday consumer products that can support a broad range of user goals and approaches to the tasks in a collaborative manner.
Overview of the End-of-Mission Observation Experiments of Precipitation Radar Onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite (2016)

Special experiments using the Precipitation Radar (PR) onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite during descent after the orbital maintenance fuel was depleted are reported in this paper. In these special observation experiments, a 90° yaw maneuver experiment, a wide swath width experiment, and the dense sampling experiments were carried out. The key operation of these experiments was a large change in the phase shifter settings of the transmitter and receiver, which was not tested before or after the launch. In addition, the 90° yaw experiment required the special operation of the satellite, whereas the other two experiments were implemented by changing only the PR operation. During the experiments, the PR was operated, and the expected data were obtained. The preliminary results suggest the possibility of future radar observation from space, and the results of these experiments will be utilized as basic data to improve the algorithm of the dual-frequency PR onboard the Global Precipitation Measurement mission core satellite and the design of future spaceborne PRs.