gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time Power-Aware Routing in Sensor Networks (2006)

Many wireless sensor network applications must resolve the inherent conflict between energy efficient communication and the need to achieve desired quality of service such as end-to-end communication delay. To address this challenge, we propose the Real-time Power-Aware Routing (RPAR) protocol, which achieves application-specified communication delays at low energy cost by dynamically adapting transmission power and routing decisions. RPAR features a power-aware forwarding policy and an efficient neighborhood manager that are optimized for resource-constrained wireless sensors. Moreover, RPAR addresses important practical issues in wireless sensor networks, including lossy links, scalability, and severe memory and bandwidth constraints. Simulations based on a realistic radio model of MICA2 motes show that RPAR significantly reduces the number of deadlines missed and energy consumption compared to existing real-time and energy-efficient routing protocols.
Discussion: Five-Year Experience with Fifth-to-Seventh Nerve Transfer for Smile (2019)

Houston, Texas From Houston Methodist Hospital. Received for publication January 31, 2018; accepted March 5, 2018. Disclosure:The author has no financial information to disclose in relation to the content of this Discussion or of the associated article. Michael J. Klebuc, M.D., Houston Methodist Hospital, 6560 Fannin Street, Scurlock Tower, Suite 2200, Houston, Texas 77030, [email protected]
Wittig Reactions in Water Media Employing Stabilized Ylides with Aldehydes. Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Esters from Mixing Aldehydes, α-Bromoesters, and Ph3P in Aqueous NaHCO3 (2007)

Water is demonstrated to be an effective medium for the Wittig reaction over a wide range of stabilized ylides and aldehydes. Despite sometimes poor solubility of the reactants, good chemical yields normally ranging from 80 to 98% and high E-selectivities (up to 99%) are achieved, and the rate of the reactions in water is unexpectedly accelerated. The efficiency of water as a medium in the Wittig reaction is compared to conventional organic solvents ranging from carbon tetrachloride to methanol. The aqueous Wittig reaction works best when large hydrophobic entities are present, such as aromatic, heterocyclic aromatic carboxaldehydes, and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes with triphenylphosphoranes. The E/Z-isomeric ratio of the Wittig products appears dependent on the electron-accepting/donating capacity and the location of the substituents present in the aromatic ring. The effect of additives, such as benzoic acid, LiCl, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on the Wittig reaction has been explored. The Wittig reaction can also be conducted in the presence of acidic entities, such as phenols and carboxylic acids. In addition, large alpha-substituents in the aliphatic aldehydes do not jeopardize the reaction. It is also demonstrated that hydrates of aldehydes can be used directly in the aqueous Wittig reaction as substrates. The scope of the aqueous Wittig reaction is extended to 24 examples of one-pot mixtures of Ph3P, alpha-bromoesters, and aldehydes in sodium bicarbonate solution (at 20 degrees C for 40 min to 3 h) to provide Wittig products of up to 99% yield and up to 98% E-selectivity. Since water is inexpensive, extremely easy to handle, and represents no environmental concerns, it should be considered a possible medium for new organic reactions.
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indoles and Indolines by Means of Zirconocene-Stabilized Benzyne Complexes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Polysubstituted Indoles and Indolines by Means of Zirconocene-Stabilized Benzyne ComplexesJeffrey H. Tidwell and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 26, 11797–11810Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00105a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00105a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3385Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Post-Translational Modifications, Localization, and Mode of Attachment of Non-Covalently Bound Glucanosyltransglycosylases of Yeast Cell Wall as a Key to Understanding their Functioning (2020)

Glucan linked to proteins is a natural mega-glycoconjugate (mGC) playing the central role as a structural component of a yeast cell wall (CW). Regulation of functioning of non-covalently bound glucanosyltransglycosylases (ncGTGs) that have to remodel mGC to provide CW extension is poorly understood. We demonstrate that the main ncGTGs Bgl2 and Scw4 have phosphorylated and glutathionylated residues and are represented in CW as different pools of molecules having various firmness of attachment. Identified pools contain Bgl2 molecules with unmodified peptides, but differ from each other in the presence and combination of modified ones, as well as in the presence or absence of other CW proteins. Correlation of Bgl2 distribution among pools and its N-glycosylation was not found. Glutathione affects Bgl2 conformation, probably resulting in the mode of its attachment and enzymatic activity. Bgl2 from the pool of unmodified and monophosphorylated molecules demonstrates the ability to fibrillate after isolation from CW. Revealing of Bgl2 microcompartments and their mosaic arrangement summarized with the results obtained give the evidence that the functioning of ncGTGs in CW can be controlled by reversible post-translational modifications and facilitated due to their compact localization. The hypothetical scheme of distribution of Bgl2 inside CW is represented.
Transverse load and orientation measurement with multicore fiber Bragg gratings (2005)

We demonstrate the sensitivity of Bragg gratings in a multicore fiber to transverse load. The Bragg peaks are split because of stress-induced birefringence, the magnitude of which depends upon the load and grating position relative to the load axis. Experiments show that a set of gratings in a four-core fiber can measure a load axis angle to +/- 5 degrees and a load magnitude to +/- 15 N m(-1) up to 2500 N m(-1). We consider alternative designs of multicore fiber for optimal load sensing and compare experimental and modeled data.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Silicate Hydrogel as Resorbable Vehicle for Bonelike<SUP>®</SUP> Bone Graft (2009)

The use of bone grafts is required to restore skeletal integrity and enhance bone healing of large defects in several areas of regenerative medicine, such as: orthopedic and maxillofacial procedures. Some of these bone grafts can be resorbed in a time controlled way, in order to allow the correct process of natural re-construction of the involved bone tissue to occur. The Bonelike graft is a bone substitute that mimics the inorganic composition of bone; this biomaterial was developed and characterized over the last decade. In a granular form, Bonelike has proved its highly bioactive behavior in medical applications, such as; maxillofacial and orthopedics surgery. The clinical applications in maxillary bone defects indicated a good bone bonding between new formed bone and the Bonelike granules. The purpose of this study was to develop a new injectable system for the application of Bonelike using a resorbable vehicle which may be used in minimal invasive surgery. A new hydrogel derived from chitosan and y-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was synthesized and characterized. The mixture derived from chitosan and GPTMS existed in sol state at room temperature and formed a hydrogel at 37 degrees C. The degradability of the hydrogel could be controlled by the concentration of chitosan and GPTMS, and the presence the presence of Bonelike did not affect its degradability. The pH changes caused by the degradation of this hydrogel were small, so it is not expected to cause any deleterious effect in vivo conditions.
Model-based Simulation of Web Applications for Usability Assessment. (2003)

In this paper we discuss an approach for simulating the behaviour of interactive software systems, before starting on any of the actual implementation, based on a model of the system at the architectural level. By providing a mock-up of the final user interface for controlling the simulation, it is possible to carry out usability assessments of the system much earlier in the design process than is usually the case. This means that design changes informed by this usability assessment can be made at this early stage. This is much less expensive than having to wait until an implementation of the system is completed before discovering flaws and having to make major changes to already implemented components. The approach is supported by a suite of cooperating tools for specification, formal modelling and animation of the system. 1.
Sex Differences in Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effects on Rat Cardiovascular and Immune Systems (2020)

The contribution of sex differences for long-term VNS off-target effects on cardiovascular and immune systems was assessed using awake behaving rats. Although VNS did not change the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers in systemic circulation for male and female rats, we observed significant differences in cardiovascular effects of VNS characterized using ECG morphology and HRV analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: Onium Ions. Part 54. N2+6 and N2+4 Dications and Their N12 and N10 Azido Derivatives. DFT/GIAO‐MP2 Theoretical Studies. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Physical properties of the AuZnSe metal–semiconductor contact (1974)

In order to investigate impact ionization processes on A2B6-compounds it has been necessary to realize well defined Schottky diodes. For this reason detailed studies on the nature of evaporated Au contacts on n-ZnSe monocrystals have been performed. From the temperature dependence of the current-voltage characteristics, from space charge capacity measurements, and from photoemission results the junction parameters have been determined in good consistency. From the results it is concluded that the transport is dominated by thermionic emission, and that for the barrier height the Schottky model is appropriate for ZnSe MS contacts. Für Untersuchungen von Stoßionisationsprozessen an A2B6-Verbindungen ergab sich die Notwendigkeit, definierte Schottky-Dioden zu realisieren. Hierzu wurden ausführliche Untersuchungen zur Natur von auf ZnSe-Einkristallen aufgedampften Goldkontakten durchgeführt. Es wurden die Junction-Parameter in sich konsistent aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Strom–Spannungs-Charakteristiken, aus Messungen der Raumladungskapazität und aus Photoemissionsmessungen bestimmt. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, daß der Transport dominierend über den thermischen Emissionsprozeß abläuft und für die Barrierenhöhen von ZnSe-MS-Kontakten das Schottky-Modell zutreffend ist.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Hybridized CdS−Polystyrene Nanocomposites (2002)

Hybrid composites of CdS nanoparticles embedded in sulfonated polystyrene (PS) matrixes have been prepared and characterized. The −SO3- groups acted as the coordination sites for cadmium ion aggregations and nanosized CdS particles were successfully grown in situ at these sites with the release of S2- ions from thioacetamide. The density and size of the nanoparticles were found to be a function of the sulfonate content of PS and the concentration of Cd2+ feed ions used. Ionic clusterings within the polymer matrix occurred at a sulfonate content of 9.9 mol % and has provided a confined medium for particle growth in uniform size. The optical properties of the prepared CdS−PS hybrid composites were characterized by linear absorption and fluorescence spectra. Z-scan measurement was also employed to investigate the nonlinear optical properties at a wavelength of 532 nm. The results showed that the nonlinear refractive index of the composite varies with the input irradiance, thus indicating not just third-order but possible higher order nonlinearity.
Activation of polysilicon connections by selective CW laser annealing (1985)

A new self-aligned procedure has been developed to connect polysilicon links on chip by using a CW argon laser. A silicon nitride mask serves as a diffusion barrier over part of the link during doping of the polysilicon, and later as an antireflection coating to couple the maximum amount of light into the undoped region during laser scanning. The laser melts this region only and dopant atoms rapidly diffuse in from the neighboring parts of the link. For the optimum mask length, 100 percent of the links were open circuits ( >15 MΩ) before irradiation, while the sheet resistivity was reduced to 12 Ω after processing.
The Use of Scale Dissolver and Scale Inhibitor Squeeze Treatments to Repair and Prevent Formation Damage in Two Statfjord Field Wells (1996)

Abstract Scale dissolvers have successfully been used to restore well productivity in two Statfjord Field wells suffering from scale induced formation damage. Combined with scale inhibitor treatment further production loss has been avoided. The dissolver efficiency towards BaSO4, and SrSO4, is strongly depending on high pH (pH&amp;gt; 9–10) in the treatment slug. Two different scale dissolvers have been tested, and are found to have equally good performance regarding dissolution capasities and effect on production. Well case histories and details about job design and production data before and after the treatments are documented. Combined scale dissolver and scale inhibitor squeeze treatment is implemented as the current scale treatment strategy for the Statfjord Field. Introduction The Upper and Lower Brent reservoirs in the Statfjord Field are developed with a row of sea water injectors, completed below the oil/water contact, to displace oil up structure to the east toward a row of oil producers near the crest of the structure. Key information about the Statfjord Field is listed in table 1.
Fanleaf degeneration/decline disease of grapevines (2011)

NYS IPM Type: Fruits IPM Fact Sheet
Significant Enhancement of HCD and TDDB in CMOS FETs by Mechanical Stress (2022)

Significant enhancement of hot-carrier degradation and time-dependent dielectric breakdown by mechanical stress was observed in CMOS FETs. Mechanical stress was induced locally in the channels of p- and n-type FETs by applying a vertical load with a diamond tip of a nanoindenter. The induced GPa level stress was calculated with finite element modeling. Mechanical stress induces a piezoresistance effect in both p- and n- channels, leading to an increase in source/drain leakage and drive currents and drastic enhancement of impact ionization. This in turn results in strongly enhanced hot-carrier degradation and hot-electron-induced punch-through effects in pFETs and enhanced hot-carrier degradation and time-dependent dielectric breakdown in nFETs.
Height Outcome of Short Children with Hypochondroplasia After Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment: A Meta-Analysis (2015)

Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a genetic skeletal dysplasia, characterized by rhizomelic short height (Ht) with facial dysmorphology and lumbar hyperlordosis. Albeit there are concerns that HCH children may not achieve optimal long-term outcome in response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), anecdotal experiences suggested at least short-term Ht improvement. After thorough search of published studies, meta-analysis of rhGH use in HCH children was performed. In 113 HCH children, rhGH administration (median 0.25 mg/kg/week) progressively improved Ht pattern with 12 months catch-up growth (p < 0.0001). Then, Ht improvement resulted constant until 36 months (p < 0.0001), but stature remained subnormal. While bone age chronologically progressed, no serious adverse events were reported. In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicates that rhGH treatment progressively improved Ht outcome of HCH subjects.
Detection of Organic Colorants in Historical Painting Layers Using UV Laser Ablation Surface‐Enhanced Raman Microspectroscopy (2014)

Abstract Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been increasingly used in the study of works of art to identify organic pigments and dyes in paintings, which (depending on the material) are difficult or not possible to detect by other current methods. The application of SERS to the study of paintings has been limited, however, by the lack of a sampling approach with sufficient sensitivity and spatial resolution. We show that ultraviolet laser ablation (LA) sampling coupled with SERS detection can be successfully used to study paint layers. LA‐SERS permitted the isolation of signals from colorants in individual thin paint layers in sample cross‐sections, avoiding contamination from adjacent layers. These results expand the range of analytical applications of SERS demonstrating how the technique can be used to sensitively detect minor organic components in complex matrices. While this is fundamental for the study of cultural heritage, it is also relevant in other fields such as forensic analysis, food science, and pharmacology.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free Minisci Reaction Promoted by NCS, and TBHP: Acylation of Heteroarenes. (2016)

Abstract Isoquinoline derivatives [(I), (VI), and (IX)], quinoline (XI) and other nitrogen‐containing heteroarenes are efficiently acylated by reaction with a variety of aryl and alkyl aldehydes under mild metal‐free conditions using NCS as catalyst and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant.
Superconducting Magnet System for Intravascular Navigation (1969)

A magnet system capable of guiding a ferromagnetic-tipped catheter through vessels in the body would greatly facilitate many medical treatments by providing access to parts of the body otherwise inaccessible except by major surgery. A rotatable iron magnet which has been employed in preliminary experiments with laboratory animals has indicated the feasibility of this technique, but a more advanced system is required for sophisticated medical applications. This paper describes a proposed design for a superconducting magnet system, with a 10 in. room-temperature access, which can exert an arbitrarily directed force of 200 times that of gravity on a tip anywhere within the head. A larger but otherwise similar system could be used for cathetarization of any part of the body.
Intravenous nizatidine kinetics and acid suppression (1985)

The effectiveness of intravenous nizatidine in suppressing gastric acid secretion was evaluated by different methods of inducing secretion in two single-blind studies. In study 1, seven subjects were given single, 20-min intravenous infusions of nizatidine (6.25, 25, 75, 150, or 250 mg) before modified sham feeding (MSF). Gastric acid suppression after nizatidine was contrasted with that after placebo and MSF. All doses of nizatidine reduced secretion; the 150- and 250-mg doses of nizatidine suppressed secretion for at least 2.5 hr. In study 2, eight subjects received one 5-min intravenous infusion of placebo, cimetidine (300 mg), or nizatidine (25, 50, 100, or 250 mg) weekly for 6 wk. Secretion was induced by infusing pentagastrin (2 micrograms/kg/hr) 45 min before the study drug was dosed and for 3.5 hr thereafter. Again, all doses of nizatidine reduced gastric acid, chiefly by decreasing volume. Nizatidine induced a clear dose-response effect; nizatidine (100 mg) and cimetidine (300 mg) had approximately equal suppressive effects. Nizatidine (100 mg) and cimetidine (300 mg) reduced acid output by 62% and 63% and reduced volume of secretion by 48% and 51% over the 3.5-hr period. Gastric acid suppression and plasma nizatidine concentrations were directly related. Nizatidine kinetics were linear and proportional to dose. The t1/2 was 1.3 hr (range 0.7 to 2.1 hr), the volume of distribution was 1.2 +/- 0.5 l/kg, and clearance was 0.6 +/- 0.2 l/kg/hr. Laboratory abnormalities and side effects were minor in both studies.
[Specificity of diagnostic procedures in occupational diseases]. (2000)

Characteristics and specificities of diagnostic procedures as a basis of diagnosis of occupational diseases are explained. The aforementioned include working history, clinical, laboratory and functional tests and evaluation of working environment. Examples of practical application of such procedures are listed.
Systematic Representative Design and Clinical Virtual Reality (2019)

The authors of the article, “Causal Inference in Generalizable Environments: Systematic Representative Design”, boldly announce their core point in the opening line of the abstract stating that, “C...
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (2014)

This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, and pharmacological studies in humans and animals to provide insights into the neural circuitry and neurotransmitter mechanisms controlling the lower urinary tract and alterations in these mechanisms in lower urinary tract dysfunction. The functions of the lower urinary tract, to store and periodically release urine, are dependent on the activity of smooth and striated muscles in the bladder, urethra, and external urethral sphincter. During urine storage, the outlet is closed and the bladder smooth muscle is quiescent. When bladder volume reaches the micturition threshold, activation of a micturition center in the dorsolateral pons (the pontine micturition center) induces a bladder contraction and a reciprocal relaxation of the urethra, leading to bladder emptying. During voiding, sacral parasympathetic (pelvic) nerves provide an excitatory input (cholinergic and purinergic) to the bladder and inhibitory input (nitrergic) to the urethra. These peripheral systems are integrated by excitatory and inhibitory regulation at the levels of the spinal cord and the brain. Therefore, injury or diseases of the nervous system, as well as disorders of the peripheral organs, can produce lower urinary tract dysfunction, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms, including both storage and voiding symptoms, and pelvic pain. Neuroplasticity underlying pathological changes in lower urinary tract function is discussed.
Supplementary Table 1 from Copy Number Alterations in Enzyme-Coding and Cancer-Causing Genes Reprogram Tumor Metabolism (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Full names for cancer abbreviations used.&lt;/p&gt;