gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Halting the vicious cycle within the multiple myeloma ecosystem: blocking JAM-A on bone marrow endothelial cells restores angiogenic homeostasis and suppresses tumor progression (2020)

Interactions of malignant multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells (MM-cells) with the microenvironment control MM-cell growth, survival, drug-resistance and dissemination. As in MM microvascular density increases in the bone marrow (BM), we investigated whether BM MM endothelial cells (MMECs) control disease progression via the junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A). Membrane and cytoplasmic JAM-A levels were upregulated in MMECs in 111 newly diagnosed (NDMM) and 201 relapsed-refractory (RRMM) patients compared to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and healthy controls. Elevated membrane expression of JAM-A on MMECs predicted poor clinical outcome. Mechanistically, addition of recombinant JAM-A to MMECs increased angiogenesis whereas its inhibition impaired angiogenesis and MM growth in 2D and 3D in vitro cell culture and chorioallantoic membrane-assays. To corroborate these findings, we treated MM bearing mice with JAM-A blocking mAb and demonstrated impaired MM progression corresponding to decreased MM-related vascularity. These findings support JAM-A as an important mediator of MM progression through facilitating MM-associated angiogenesis. Collectively, elevated JAM-A expression on bone marrow endothelial cells is an independent prognostic factor for patient survival in both NDMM and RRMM. Blocking JAM-A restricts angiogenesis in vitro, in embrio and in vivo and represents a suitable druggable molecule to halt neoangiogenesis and MM progression.
Comparison of glomerular filtration rate estimating equations derived from creatinine and cystatin C: validation in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik elderly cohort (2017)

None of the creatinine-based equations was clearly superior overall in this community-dwelling elderly cohort. The addition of cystatin C improved all of the creatinine-based equations.
Developments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983-1990 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983-1990D. C. Elliott, D. Beckman, A. V. Bridgwater, J. P. Diebold, S. B. Gevert, and Y. SolantaustaCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 3, 399–410Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00027a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00027a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2719Altmetric-Citations273LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Laser fabrication and assembly processes for MEMS</title> (2001)

This paper discusses the use of high power lasers in the manufacture of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The ability to process a wide range of materials, and to produce truly three-dimensional structures with tolerances at the micron or sub-micron level, give laser micromachining some key advantages over other more established micromachining techniques. Previous work in this area is reviewed, covering the following topics: use of ablation in the direct fabrication of MEMS devices and to define polymer masters for subsequent replication by electroforming and moulding (the so-called Laser-LIGA process); laser-assisted deposition and etching on planar and non-planar surfaces; laser-assisted manipulation of microparts and laser-assisted assembly.
Time-based pixel-level ADC with wide dynamic range for 2-D LWIR applications (2005)

A readout circuit involving a time-based pixel-level ADC is studied for two-dimensional long wavelength infrared focal plane arrays (2-D LWIR FPAs). The integration time of each pixel can be optimised individually and automatically. Using a time-based pixel-level ADC with two-step background suppression, the signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range can be improved to 88.8 and 95.1 dB, respectively.
Towards a total synthesis of ulapualide A. Concise synthetic routes to the tris-oxazole ring system and tris-oxazole macrolide core in ulapualides, kabiramides, halichondramides, mycalolides and halishigamides (2000)

A range of methods for the synthesis of mono-, bis- and tris-2,4-disubstituted oxazoles were evaluated, which led ultimately to a concise synthesis of the three contiguous oxazole ring system 26 in the ulapualide family of 25-membered macrolides, e.g.1, found in marine organisms. The tris-oxazole macrolide core 30 in ulapualide A (1) was also synthesised based on a macrolactamisation strategy from the two functionalised mono-oxazole precursors 28 and 29, followed by oxazoline 45 and oxazole ring formation, exploiting the methodologies established in the synthesis of linear bis- and tris-oxazoles in the formation of 18 and 26. The tris-oxazole 26 was converted into the corresponding phosphonium salt 5 in readiness for elaboration to ulapualide A (1).
Anterior capsule staining for capsulorhexis in cases of white cataract (2004)

Although trypan blue, ICG, gentian violet, fluorescein, and autologous blood were safely used to stain the anterior capsule for phacoemulsification in eyes with white cataract, trypan blue, ICG, and gentian violet were more effective in staining the capsule.
Large multi-chromosomal duplications encompass many members of the olfactory receptor gene family in the human genome (1998)

The human genome contains thousands of genes that encode a diverse repertoire of odorant receptors (ORs). We report here on the identification and chromosomal localization of 74 OR-containing genomic clones. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we demonstrate a striking homology among a set of approximately 20 OR locations, illustrating a history of duplications that have distributed OR sequences across the genome. Half of the OR-containing BACs cloned from total genomic DNA and 86% of cosmids derived from chromosome 3 cross-hybridize to a subset of these locations, many to 17 of them. These paralogous regions are distributed on 13 chromosomes, and eight lie in terminal bands. By analyzing clones from an approximately 250 kb clone-walk across one of these sites (3p13), we show that the homology among these sites is extensive (>150 kb) and encompasses both OR genes and intergenic genomic sequences. The FISH signals appear significantly larger at some sites than at the native location, indicating that portions of some duplicons have undergone local amplification/attrition. More restricted duplications involving pairs of other genomic locations are detected with 12% of the OR-BACs. Only a small subset of OR locations is sufficiently diverged from the others that clones derived from them behave as single-copy FISH probes. We estimate that duplications encompassing members of the OR gene family account for >0.1% of the human genome. A comparison of FISH signals at orthologous locations in other primates indicates that a portion of this OR 'subgenome' has been in flux during the divergence of primates, possibly as a mechanism for evolving the repertoire of olfactory receptors.
A knowledge-based system for the computation of land cover mixing and the classification of multi-spectral satellite imagery (1996)

Abstract This paper describes the use of a knowledge-based system to manage a library of image processing programs which performs the computation of land cover mixing in pixels of a multi-spectral satellite image. This system has been developed to help naturalists, such as geologists, pedologists, or foresters who are not specialists in computer vision. It automatically processes the data coming from satellites. The role of such a system is to convert the requirements of a user, expressed in terms of user requests, into the correct image processing commands. Consequently, the users can concentrate their attention on the interpretation of the results and not on the data management. Finally, some examples are shown.
The ChEMBL database in 2017 (2016)

ChEMBL is an open large-scale bioactivity database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl), previously described in the 2012 and 2014 Nucleic Acids Research Database Issues. Since then, alongside the continued extraction of data from the medicinal chemistry literature, new sources of bioactivity data have also been added to the database. These include: deposited data sets from neglected disease screening; crop protection data; drug metabolism and disposition data and bioactivity data from patents. A number of improvements and new features have also been incorporated. These include the annotation of assays and targets using ontologies, the inclusion of targets and indications for clinical candidates, addition of metabolic pathways for drugs and calculation of structural alerts. The ChEMBL data can be accessed via a web-interface, RDF distribution, data downloads and RESTful web-services.
Laser CO2 for snoring. Preliminary results. (1990)

CO2 Laser Vaporizations of the PalatoPharynx (LVPP), is a new technique, safe and effective, ambulant, by local anesthetic spray, performed for the treatment of snoring. The LVPP is based on the progressive enlargement of the airspace in the oropharynx, to eliminate or reduce obstructions that occurs during sleep, by successive "vaporizations" (or laser-strip carbonization) of the vibrating soft palate, wide posterior tonsil pillars and redundant posterior pharyngeal mucosa. From December 1988 to July 1990, 31 snorers have been treated by LVPP and have been cured or, at least, improved in their snoring. Advantages of this technique are that it is a simple, reliable, bloodless and painless procedure (under local anesthesia), without hospitalization, just like an ordinary consultation. Disadvantages are the multiples and successives sessions, the high technical effort and cost of the laser. In conclusion, it can be a simple alternative for many patients who are afraid of surgery.
Schottky contacts on ultra-high-pressure-annealed GaN with high rectification ratio and near-unity ideality factor (2023)

Abstract We investigate the electrical characteristics of Ni Schottky contacts on n-type GaN films that have undergone ultra-high-pressure annealing (UHPA), a key processing step for activating implanted Mg. Contacts deposited on these films exhibit low rectification and high leakage current compared to contacts on as-grown films. By employing an optimized surface treatment to restore the GaN surface following UHPA, we obtain Schottky contacts with a high rectification ratio of ∼10 9 , a near-unity ideality factor of 1.03, and a barrier height of ∼0.9 eV. These characteristics enable the development of GaN junction barrier Schottky diodes employing Mg implantation and UHPA.
Stored Energy and Taylor Factor Relation in an Al-Mg-Mn Alloy Sheet Worked by Continuous Cyclic Bending (2004)

The relation between the stored energy and the Taylor factor (TF) has been investigated using the SEM/EBSP analysis in an Al-Mg-Mn alloy sheet worked by the continuous cyclic bending (CCB). The analysis reveals that the stored energy is high for the high TF region, whereas a significant increase of the stored energy with the decrease of the Taylor factor appears in the vicinity of the minimum TF value of 2. This observation is discussed using the Schmid factor calculated. Further, the local strain accommodation during deformation is analyzed for grains of different orientations. The stored energy is derived from the calculation based on the kernel average misorientation (KAM).
Photoperiodic response of soybean varieties of low latitude. Regions as compared with Japanese varieties. (1985)

Seven soybean varieties, five from low latitude regions and two from Japan, were treated by various photoperiod ranging from 12 to 14 h. Number of days to flowering (NDF) as well as number of stem nodes (NSN) was increased exponentially with the increase of photoperiod. Thus, NDF and NSN at 12h photoperiod (N12) and increasing rate (IR) of NDF and NSN due to photoperiod were estimated by means of exponential regression. No substantial difference was found in IR between Japanese and low latitude adapted varieties. On the contrary, Japanese varieties exhibited smaller N12 than low latitude adapted varieties. Five soybean varieties, three from low latitude regions and two from Japan, were sown at the interval of 20 days from May 21 to August 9. NDF and NSN decreased as the plants were sown later. Daily natural photoperiod was averaged during the period from emergence to flowering for obtaining "mean photoperiod" for each variety and for each sowing date. NDF and NSN increased exponentially with the increase of the mean photoperiod. NDF and NSN under the mean photoperiod of 14 h (Nl4) and IR were estimated for each of the varieties. As in the case of the previous experiment, no substantial difference was found in IR between low latitude adapted varieties and Japanese ones, whereas low latitude adapted varieties exhibited larger N14 than Japanese varieties. The significance of IR and N12 or N14 in photoperiodic response was discussed in relation to the adaptability of soybean varieties. The larger N12 or N14 of low latltude adapted varletles observed in the present experiment indicated that adequate vegetative growth could be ensured in those varieties even under short photoperiod in low latitude regions.
Guidelines for Diabetic Foot Care (1999)

Foot infection is the most common reason for hospital admission of patients with diabetes in the United States. Foot ulceration leads to deep infection, sepsis, and lower extremity amputation. Prophylactic foot care has been shown to decrease patient morbidity, decrease the utilization of expensive resources, and decrease the risk for amputation and premature death. The Diabetes Committee of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society has developed guidelines for implementing this type of prophylactic foot care. The guidelines are arranged as follows: I. Screening for Patients Who Are at Risk for Developing Diabetic Foot Complications A. Risk Factors B. Components of Screening and Examination II. Patient Education III. Basic Treatment Guidelines A. Risk Categories B. Nail Care C. Ulcer Care IV. Referral Guidelines A. Vascular Surgery Consultation B. Orthopaedic Consultation C. Endocrinologist/Diabetologist Consultation D. Infectious Disease Consultation E. Radiologic Consultation F. Pedorthic Consultation V. Resources.
Distributed federated service chaining for heterogeneous network environments (2021)

Future networks are expected to support cross-domain, cost-aware and fine-grained services in an efficient and flexible manner. Service Function Chaining (SFC) has been introduced as a promising approach to deliver these services. In the literature, centralized resource orchestration is usually employed to process SFC requests and manage computing and network resources. However, centralized approaches inhibit the scalability and domain autonomy in multi-domain networks. They also neglect location and hardware dependencies of service chains.
Figure S9 from Theranostic Targeting of CUB Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) in Multiple Subtypes of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A plot showing the mean tumor volume for the vehicle and treated arms from the antitumor assessment study in mice bearing UMUC3 xenografts. The differences in mean between treatment arms was found to be significant (P &lt; 0.001) using an unpaired, two tailed t test by day 20. Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation.&lt;/p&gt;
Variability of moisture in coarse woody debris from several ecologically important tree species of the Temperate Zone of Europe (2011)

ABSTRACT Deadwood moisture affects multiple functions of downed logs in forest ecosystems. They include provision of habitats for xylobionts, additional water stores and organic carbon stocks. In contrast to Northern American forests, little is known about moisture variability in downed logs of important tree species within the Temperate Zone of Europe. Therefore, our study aimed at elucidating this variability according to species, site and decay class (DC). Measurements were taken by TDR during two vegetation periods in eight Carpathian natural forests representing distinct site conditions, ranging from xerothermophilous to subalpine. Downed logs of Quercus spp., Abies alba Mill., Fagus sylvatica L., and Picea abies L., belonging to various DCs, were selected and instrumented with TDR probes. Species and DC‐specific TDR calibration showed the importance of intrinsic wood porosity. The course of deadwood moisture consisted of drying during the early decay stage, except for A. alba and F. sylvatica , and an intense water reabsorption at later decay stages. Average moisture for all species and sites displayed seasonal trends, reflecting the occurrence of precipitation clusters and dry periods, as well as short‐term fluctuations. Cross‐spectral analysis revealed that both sapwood and heartwood participated in wetting and drying processes, but only after reaching an advanced stage of decay. New findings can be applied in interpreting, modelling and predicting deadwood water stores, habitat properties and respiration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Linear Models with Switching (1991)

Abstract The problem of modeling change in a vector time series is studied using a dynamic linear model with measurement matrices that switch according to a time-varying independent random process. We derive filtered estimators for the usual state vectors and also for the state occupancy probabilities of the underlying nonstationary measurement process. A maximum likelihood estimation procedure is given that uses a pseudo-expectation-maximization algorithm in the initial stages and nonlinear optimization. We relate the models to those considered previously in the literature and give an application involving the tracking of multiple targets.
Free-Riding and Free-Labor in Combinatorial (2009)

This paper studies a setting where a principal needs to motivate teams of agents whose efforts lead to an outcome that stochastically depends on the combination of agents’ actions, which are not directly observable by the principal. In Babaioff, Feldman and Nisan (2005) we suggest and study a basic “combinatorial agency” model for this setting. In this paper we expose a somewhat surprising phenomenon found in this setting: cases where the principal can gain by asking agents to reduce their effort level, even when this increased effort comes for free. This phenomenon cannot occur in a setting where the principal can observe the agents’ actions, but we show that it can occur in the hidden-actions setting. We prove that for the family of technologies that exhibit “increasing returns to scale” this phenomenon cannot happen, and that in some sense this is a maximal family of technologies for which the phenomenon cannot occur. Finally, we relate our results to a basic question in production design in firms.
P142Gadd45 gamma regulates cardiomyocytes death and post-myocardial infarction left ventricular remodeling (2014)

Background: Postinfarction remodeling is accompanied and influenced by perturbations in oxidative stress status and MAPK signaling. The Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) proteins are small acidic proteins involved in modulation of MAPK activities. Despite its relationship with p38 MAPK and intense interest in the cancer field, little is known about the role of Gadd45 in the heart. Our aim is to explore the potential contribution of Gadd45 gamma (g) isoform to the acute and late phase of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results: MI was induced in wild-type (WT) versus Gadd45 g (KO) littermates by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Pre-MI, WT, and KO hearts had comparable chamber dimensions and ventricular function, but as early as 1 week post-MI, KO mice had significantly less left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction than WT mice. The left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction, hypertrophy and fibrosis remained better in the KO mice throughout the study (4 weeks). Given the significant reduction in left ventricular function evident as early as 1 week post-MI, we examined the infarct size following a 24-hour coronary artery ligation and found it to be decreased in the KO mice. This decreased susceptibility to ischemic injury-induced apoptosis was also seen in cardiomyocytes isolated from the KO mice that were exposed to hypoxia. In addition, necroptosis activity pathway (RIP1-3; caspase 8) was reduced in the KO mice. To mimic the Gadd45 g overexpression observed during MI and to better understand its crucial role during cardiomyopathy development, we injected 3 10^11 of cTNT-Gadd45 g AAV9 particles i.v. and studied the cardiac function, fibrosis and biological markers of cardiac dysfunction. Four weeks after the cTNT-Gadd45 g AAV9 injection, we observed a decrease in the cardiac function and an increase in the heart dilatation compared to the GFP AAV9 injected control mice. A remodeling process is engaging with more fibrosis after 4 weeks and it is associated with p38 MAPK and necroptosis pathway activation. Conclusion: Gadd45 g promotes ischemic injury, accentuates post-MI remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction, and increases the progression to heart failure. The lost of gadd45 g confers resistance to ischemic injury, at least in part, via limiting necroptosis pathway through a p38 MAPK dependant mechanism. This work, demonstrate the importance of Gadd45 g/p38 MAPK complex in the development and persistence of heart failure, particularly in the balance of the cell death process.
Breast milk and its impact on maturation of the neonatal immune system (2015)

We propose that the neonate immune system and maternal milk represent an entity necessary to ensure not only appropriate function in early life but also long term immune homeostasis.
Human Borrelia miyamotoi Infection in the United States (2013)

tory tract infections cautioning against their misuse. 3 Linezolid may become subject to similar misuse by physicians who prescribe it for the treatment of undiagnosed infections, as has been reported. This observation is consistent with our own at a tertiary care hospital in India. In the recent guidelines on pneumonia from India, we have called for restrictions on the use of linezolid. It is desirable that future guidelines on respiratory and other infections advise against its use early in the course of an infection.