gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallelization and performance of interactive multiplayer game servers (2004)

Summary form only given. An important application domain for online services is interactive, multiplayer games. An essential component far realizing these services is game servers that can support large numbers of simultaneous users in a single game world. We use a popular, 3D, interactive, multiplayer game server, Quake, to study this important class of applications. We present the design and implementation of a multithreaded version of the server. We examine the challenges in scaling this class of applications to large numbers of users, mainly task decomposition and synchronization. We present preliminary performance results for a server with up to eight processors. We find that: (i) scaling interactive, multiplayer games that exhibit fine-grain interactions in a detailed 3D world to large numbers of players is a challenging task, (ii) the main bottlenecks are lock synchronization during request processing and high wait times due to fine grain workload imbalances at global synchronization points. (iii) Significant future improvements are possible using techniques that take advantage of game-specific knowledge.
Self‐reported sleep quality interacts with Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers on brain structure and metabolism in cognitively unimpaired adults (2022)

Abstract Background Poor sleep quality has been associated with a greater burden of AD pathology and altered brain structure in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. However, there is a lack of studies analysing associations between sleep quality and brain structure and function, while taking into account AD pathology. We aimed to test associations of self‐reported sleep quality with grey matter volume (GMv) and brain glucose metabolism in middle‐aged CU and sought interactions with biomarkers of AD pathology. Method This study included 340 CU adults from the ALFA+ cohort (Table 1). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. We used Statistical Parametric Mapping software to process T1‐weighted MRI and [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scans, and analyse voxel‐wise associations with sleep quality. We created separate general linear models with GMv and FDG metabolism as dependent variables, and PSQI total score, age, sex, APOE‐ε4 status, education level and sleep medication as predictors. GMv analyses were additionally corrected for total intracranial volume. In additional models, CSF Aβ42/40 and phosphorylated tau (p‐tau181) ‐ were entered as covariates. We also tested the interaction between PSQI and AD biomarker status, (A+: Aβ42/40&lt;0.071, T+: p‐tau181&gt;24 pg/mL). Statistical significance was set at p&lt;0.005 uncorrected for multiple comparisons, with a cluster‐level threshold of 50 voxels. Result Higher PSQI scores, indicating poorer sleep quality, were significantly associated with lower GMv in the left occipital fusiform gyrus and right middle orbitofrontal gyrus, and with lower brain glucose metabolism in the right temporal pole and parahippocampal gyrus (Figure 1.). Interaction analyses showed poorer sleep quality is associated with higher GMv in bilateral supramarginal gyrus in A+T‐ vs A‐T‐, and with higher glucose metabolism in bilateral thalamus in A+T+ vs A‐T‐ individuals (Figure 2). Conclusion Poorer sleep quality is associated with lower GMv and glucose metabolism in CU individuals, involving AD‐vulnerable regions. Sleep quality interacted with altered AD biomarkers to determine GMv and glucose metabolism in brain areas in which they are commonly found to be increased in preclinical AD stages. Altogether, our findings support sleep quality as a relevant factor early in the AD continuum .
Prostasin regulates iNOS and cyclin D1 expression by modulating protease‐activated receptor‐2 signaling in prostate epithelial cells (2009)

Prostasin plays a negative regulatory role on PAR-2-mediated signaling in prostate epithelial cells.
A hybrid adaptive scheme based on selective Gaussian modeling for real-time object detection (2009)

Object detection is receiving a growing attention with the emergence of surveillance systems. This paper presents a hybrid adaptive scheme based on selective Gaussian modeling for detecting objects in complex outdoor scenes with gradual illumination changes and dense, moving background objects like swinging tree branches. The proposed technique combines simple frame difference (FD), simple adaptive background subtraction (BS), and accurate Gaussian modeling to benefit from the high detection accuracy of Mixture of Gaussian solution (MoG) in outdoor scenes while reducing the computations required, thus, making it faster and more suitable for real time surveillance applications. Moreover, by applying selective component matching and updating and hysteresis thresholding, the probability of detecting a background pixel as foreground decreases leading to better detection accuracy than MoG as demonstrated in the quantitative and qualitative comparison.
Abstract 3731: Epigenetic control of tumor cell killing by natural killer cells (2022)

Abstract Immunotherapies including the activation of endogenous immune cells have stimulated great interest for their anti-tumor functions. An initial focus has been on genetic lesions such as loss of MHC class I and class II molecules that facilitate tumor cell escape. More recently, epigenetic mechanisms such as the disruption of the SWI/SNF remodeling complex PBAF have been implicated in regulating tumor sensitivity to CD8 T cell-mediated killing. Here, I used an unbiased genetic screening approach to examine resistance and sensitivity of breast cancer cells to Natural Killer (NK) cells. Among expected hits including caspases, interferon receptors, and cell death executioners, the screen revealed a surprising role of alternate SWI/SNF complexes in controlling NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity that relate to interferon-γ and perforin/granzyme B, and may be pharmacologically reversible. Altogether, I will discuss a new epigenetic mechanism that affect NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity with a focus on SWI/SNF complexes. Citation Format: Joyce Pasion, Darko Barisic, Cem Meydan, Kong Y. Ng, Maria Tello Lafoz, Morgan Huse, Ari Melnick, Hans-Guido Wendel. Epigenetic control of tumor cell killing by natural killer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3731.
Experimental demonstration of impact of amplified spontaneous emission on devices based on cross-gain modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers (2007)

We study the impact of Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise on a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA)-based optical pulse delay discriminator and SOA-based distance ranger. Our experiments show that ASE reduces the sensitivity of these SOA-based devices and we confirm this finding by carrying out extensive simulations by modeling the ASE response of SOAs. The simulation results, obtained by numerical integration of these equations in MATLAB<sup>TM</sup> using the NIMROD<sup>TM</sup> portal, are in qualitative agreement with experimental results.
Addressing shared resource contention in multicore processors via scheduling (2010)

Contention for shared resources on multicore processors remains an unsolved problem in existing systems despite significant research efforts dedicated to this problem in the past. Previous solutions focused primarily on hardware techniques and software page coloring to mitigate this problem. Our goal is to investigate how and to what extent contention for shared resource can be mitigated via thread scheduling. Scheduling is an attractive tool, because it does not require extra hardware and is relatively easy to integrate into the system. Our study is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of contention-mitigating techniques that use only scheduling. The most difficult part of the problem is to find a classification scheme for threads, which would determine how they affect each other when competing for shared resources. We provide a comprehensive analysis of such classification schemes using a newly proposed methodology that enables to evaluate these schemes separately from the scheduling algorithm itself and to compare them to the optimal. As a result of this analysis we discovered a classification scheme that addresses not only contention for cache space, but contention for other shared resources, such as the memory controller, memory bus and prefetching hardware. To show the applicability of our analysis we design a new scheduling algorithm, which we prototype at user level, and demonstrate that it performs within 2\% of the optimal. We also conclude that the highest impact of contention-aware scheduling techniques is not in improving performance of a workload as a whole but in improving quality of service or performance isolation for individual applications.
Synthesis, Excretion, and Metabolism of Glycolate under Highly Photorespiratory Conditions in Euglena gracilis Z (1982)

Glycolate was excreted from the 5% CO(2)-grown cells of Euglena gracilis Z when placed in an atmosphere of 100% O(2) under illumination at 20,000 lux. The amount of excreted glycolate reached 30% of the dry weight of the cells during incubation for 12 hours. The content of paramylon, the reserve polysaccharide of E. gracilis, was decreased during the glycolate excretion, and of the depleted paramylon carbon, two-thirds was excreted to the outside of cells and the remaining metabolized to other compounds, both as glycolate. The paramylon carbon entered Calvin cycle probably as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglycerate, but not as CO(2) after the complete oxidation through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The glycolate pathway was partially operative and the activity of the pathway was much less than the rate of the synthesis of glycolate in the cells under 100% O(2) and 20,000 lux; this led the cells to excrete glycolate outside the cells. Exogenous glycolate was metabolized only to CO(2) but not to glycine and serine. The physiologic role of the glycolate metabolism and excretion under such conditions is discussed.
Monitoring reproductive performance in beef suckler cows by milk progesterone analysis. (1998)

Milk progesterone monitoring in dairy cattle has provided a valuable insight into the reproductive cycle during the post-partum and mating periods (Lamming et al., 1981; Darwash and Lamming, 1997). In this study a similar approach was applied to suckler cows. The objective was to compare the reproductive performance of two contrasting genotypes with a view to improving output from commercial herds. Such herds produce an average of 91 live calves per 100 cows mated (MLC, 1996).
Replacement of draft tube floating caisson and handling system at the Wilson Hydroelectric Plant (1995)

The Tennessee Valley Authority`s (TVA) Wilson Project, a hydroelectric plant located in Muscle Shoals, Alabama was placed into operation in 1925. For the last 70 years, the draft tubes of the plant`s first 18 Units have been maintained using a portable floating caisson, which seals off the 14 meter wide by 6 meter high draft tube outlets and dewaters the draft tube with an integral dewatering system. Access to the draft tube is accomplished via access shafts provided in the caisson. TVA`s planned hydro modernization project prompted the TVA to replace the old caisson with two new, improved caissons and a new caisson handling system to transport the caissons between Units. The new caisson overhead handling system replaces a winching system which pulled the caisson back and forth over the 335 meter long powerhouse wall to position it in front of the desired Unit to be sealed off, requiring a complex and time consuming maneuvering procedure with potential safety hazards. The new caissons and handling system, put into operation in 1994, include several improvements over the old system. The new caissons and caisson handling system, including their several unique features, are described in this article. A description of the methodmore » of field assembly, field testing and installation of the caissons is also discussed.« less
CW high power 1.24 µm and 1.48 µm Ramanlasers based onlow loss phosphosilicate fibre (1997)

The authors propose a new simple configuration for 1.24 and 1.48 µm Raman fibre lasers which are promising pumping sources for 1.31 µm Raman amplifiers and Er-doped fibre amplifiers, respectively. Efficient resonant conversion of CW 1.06 µm radiation to the first (1.24 µm) and second (1.48 µm) Raman Stokes in a phosphosilicate fibre is demonstrated for the first time.
In Situ FTIR Studies of Primary Intermediates of Photocatalytic Reactions on Nanocrystalline TiO2 Films in Contact with Aqueous Solutions (2003)

Multiple internal reflection infrared spectroscopy was applied to in situ investigations of surface intermediates of photocatalytic reactions on nanocrystalline TiO(2) films in contact with aqueous solutions. UV irradiation in the presence of dissolved O(2) caused the appearance of new bands peaked at 943, 838, and 1250-1120 cm(-)(1) together with intensity changes in other bands. Investigations of influences of the solution pH, the presence or absence of hole and electron scavengers, and isotopic H(2)O --> D(2)O exchange on the spectral changes have revealed that the primary step of photocatalytic O(2) reduction is the formation of the surface peroxo species, Ti(O(2)), giving the 943 cm(-)(1) band, probably with the surface superoxo species, TiOO., as a precursor, in neutral and acidic solutions. The surface peroxo species is then transformed to the surface hydroperoxo, TiOOH, giving the 838 and 1250-1120 cm(-)(1) bands, by protonation in the dark. This is, to our knowledge, the first direct in situ spectroscopic detection of primary intermediates for the photocatalytic O(2) reduction in aqueous solutions. On the basis of the assignment, a possible reaction scheme for various processes of the photocatalytic O(2) reduction is proposed, which is in harmony with other spectral changes induced by the UV irradiation.
He II Lyβ Gunn-Peterson Absorption: New HST Observations, and Theoretical Expectations (2011)

Observations of He II Lyα Gunn-Peterson troughs have proved to be a valuable probe of the epoch of helium reionization at z~3. Since this optical depth can become unmeasurably large even for modest He II fractions, various alternate techniques have been proposed to push to higher redshift, and among the more promising is looking at higher order Lyman-series troughs. We here report four new observations of the He II Lyβ trough, including new data on the only sightline with a prior Lyβ observation. However, the effective optical depth ratio τ_eff,β/τ_eff,α is not simply predicted by (f_β λ_β)/(f_α λ_α)=0.16, and we analyze cosmological simulations to find that the correct ratio for helium at z~3 is ~0.35. In one case we infer τ_eff,α &gt; 8.8, strong evidence that helium was not fully reionized at z=3.2--3.5, in agreement with previous measurements suggesting a later completion of reionization.
Analysis of DCTCP (2011)

Cloud computing, social networking and information networks (for search, news feeds, etc) are driving interest in the deployment of large data centers. TCP is the dominant Layer 3 transport protocol in these networks. However, the operating conditions---very high bandwidth links, low round-trip times, small-buffered switches---and traffic patterns cause TCP to perform very poorly. The Data Center TCP (DCTCP) algorithm has recently been proposed as a TCP variant for data centers and addresses these shortcomings.
Synthetic long peptide vaccines possessing a universal helper epitope can unmask the therapeutic effects of MHC I-restricted neoepitopes (2020)

Abstract Synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines targeting neoantigens arising from patient-specific missense mutations may offer a means to address the antigenic heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM) tumors by simultaneously targeting a multitude of tumor-specific antigens expressed throughout these heterogenous tumors. This approach is challenged by uncertainties pertaining to vaccine design, including peptide composition required for immunogenicity and efficacy. To this end, we investigated the mechanism of an efficacious SLP vaccine targeting the neoantigen Odc1, expressed within the mouse astrocytoma SMA560. This led to the identification of three generalizable principles governing the effectiveness of neoantigen-targeting SLPs: (1) SLPs containing an MHC I-restricted neoepitope may activate neoantigen-reactive CD8+ T cells, which drive direct antitumor effects; (2) to induce robust neoantigen-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses, CD40L-mediated T cell "help" is required; and, (3) CD40L interactions are conferred by an SLP only when a “helper” epitope is physically conjoined to an MHC I-restricted neoepitope. To leverage these findings for clinical translation, we developed a rationally-designed vaccine comprised of an MHC I-restricted neoepitope linked to a universal “helper” epitope. This design was capable of maintaining the effects of the Odc1 vaccine and, remarkably, unmasked the therapeutic effects of, otherwise, poorly immunogenic MHC I-restricted neoepitopes. Together, these findings are significant because they elucidate mechanisms required for efficacious SLP vaccines and demonstrate a clinically-tractable approach with the potential to expand the therapeutic breadth of neoantigen vaccines.
Amino acid sequence of mouse submaxillary gland renin. (1982)

The complete amino acid sequences of the heavy chain and light chain of mouse submaxillary gland renin have been determined. The heavy chain consists of 288 amino acid residues having a Mr of 31,036 calculated from the sequence. The light chain contains 48 amino acid residues with a Mr of 5,458. The sequence of the heavy chain was determined by automated Edman degradations of the cyanogen bromide peptides and tryptic peptides generated after citraconylation, as well as other peptides generated therefrom. The sequence of the light chain was derived from sequence analyses of the peptides generated by cyanogen bromide cleavage or by digestion with Staphylococcus aureus protease. The sequences in the active site regions in renin containing two catalytically essential aspartyl residues 32 and 215 were found identical with those in pepsin, chymosin, and penicillopepsin. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of renin with that of porcine pepsin indicated a 42% sequence identity of the heavy chain with the amino-terminal and middle regions and a 46% identity of the light chain with the carboxyl-terminal region of the porcine pepsin sequence. Residues identical in renin and pepsin are distributed throughout the length of the molecules, suggesting a similarity in their overall structures.
A magnetic thin film inductor and its application to a MHz switching dc-dc converter (1994)

The authors propose a novel structured magnetic thin film inductor using rotation magnetization only. The thin film inductor has a sandwich structure, which consists of a double-rectangular spiral coil between top and bottom CoZrNb amorphous thin films. The sputtered CoZrNb amorphous magnetic thin films have uniaxial magnetic anisotropy induced by direct current field annealing. The easy magnetization axis is directed to the main axis of the rectangular spiral coil. Hence, only the rotation magnetization process dominates in this device. The typical specifications are as follows; 3.5/spl times/5.5 mm in size, inductance of 1 /spl mu/H constant up to 10 MHz, and a quality factor of 10 at 10 MHz. A MHz switching chopper dc-dc converter has been developed by using this thin film inductor, bare-chip semiconductor devices (a power MOSFET and a Schottky barrier diode), and a multilayer ceramic capacitor. This converter with a 0.1 cc volume has an output power over 1 W at 5 MHz switching, and the power density exceeds 10 W/cc (160 W/in/sup 3/).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Maladie thromboembolique veineuse chez la femme enceinte (1999)

La maladie thromboembolique veineuse chez la femme enceinte represente un important probleme. Sa description epidemiologique beneficie des resultats recents de grandes etudes qui nous permettent de mieux comprendre et cerner ses facteurs de risque. Sa physiopathologie est en pleine evolution grâce aux progres de l’hematologie et de la biologie moleculaire qui ont permis des decouvertes essentielles sur les modifications de l’hemostase au cours de la grossesse. Enfin, la prise en charge diagnostique et therapeutique n’est pas en reste dans ce mouvement evolutif et beneficie, en particulier, des resultats des conferences de consensus. Celles-ci ont le grand merite de nous fournir des Guidelines et devraient nous permettre d’uniformiser la prise en charge de cette maladie qui trouve la un terrain particulierement propice a rendre son difficile diagnostic.
Impact of high dose vitamin C on platelet function (2017)

Alterations in PLT function by exposure to 3 mmol/L VitC for 8 d suggest that caution should be exerted with prolonged use of intravenous high dose VitC.
Lift-off of Free-standing Layers in the Kerfless Porous Silicon Process (2013)

We discuss the lift-off of free-standing epitaxially grown silicon layers from the porous silicon (PSI) process, which is a kerfless wafering technology. The lift-off is a crucial step in the PSI cycle. A high-porosity layer serves as a mechanically weak layer for lift-off and consists of widely spaced silicon bridges with thicknesses of 40-100 nm. The low width leads to a 33-fold stress enhancement in the bridges, making them break when a force is applied while the epitaxial layer and the substrate remain intact. We perform the free-standing lift-off with a curved vacuum chuck. A vacuum pressure of 0.2 bar is sufficient for controlled peeling off of the 30-50 um thick silicon layers. We simulate the stresses and the displacements of the epitaxial layer in the lift-off process close to the first non-broken bridge. We demonstrate the defect-free lift-off of 8 of 9 of 9 × 9 cm2 layers from 6" substrates.
Minimization of GNSS-Denied Inertial Navigation Errors for Fixed Wing Autonomous Unmanned Air Vehicles (2021)

This article proposes an inertial navigation algorithm intended to lower the negative consequences of the absence of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signals on the navigation of autonomous fixed wing low SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) UAVs (Unmanned Air Vehicles). In addition to accelerometers and gyroscopes, the filter takes advantage of sensors usually present onboard these platforms, such as magnetometers, Pitot tube, and air vanes, and aims to minimize the attitude error and reduce the position drift (both horizontal and vertical) with the dual objective of improving the aircraft GNSS-Denied inertial navigation capabilities as well as facilitating the fusion of the inertial filter with visual odometry algorithms. Stochastic high fidelity Monte Carlo simulations of two representative scenarios involving the loss of GNSS signals are employed to evaluate the results, compare the proposed filter with more traditional implementations, and analyze the sensitivity of the results to the quality of the onboard sensors. The author releases the C++ implementation of both the navigation filter and the high fidelity simulation as open-source software.