gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of early lactation body condition loss in dairy cows on serum lipid profiles and on oocyte and cumulus cell transcriptomes (2022)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of early lactation body condition (BC) loss in multiparous dairy cows on serum lipids and the effect of these changes on oocyte and cumulus cell transcriptomes. Body condition loss in dairy cattle after parturition is associated with reduced fertility and increased pregnancy loss. The complex interplay between BC, nutrition, dry matter intake, milk production, and time of calving has presented a barrier to understanding mechanisms leading to reduced fertility. We identified cows that lost BC (L group; n = 10) or maintained or gained BC (M/G group; n = 8) during the first 27 to 33 d in milk and investigated changes in serum fatty acids and oocyte and cumulus cell transcriptomes at 75 to 81 d in milk. The L group had increased serum levels of nonesterified fatty acids and mead acid, and reduced serum levels of petroselaidic acid and behenic acid. Transcriptome analyses revealed 38 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in oocytes and 71 DEG in cumulus cells of L (n = 3) compared with M/G group (n = 3). Network analysis connected serum fatty acid changes to downstream effects including reduced inflammatory response and mitochondrial membrane depolarization, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and functions related to fatty acid metabolism and cytoplasmic organization in oocytes. These effects were associated with predicted effects on signaling in oocytes through calcium, insulin, O-GlcNAcase (OGA), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGF4R), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 α (PPARGC1A), and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) pathways, with a connection to the cumulus cell via calcium signaling. These results connect BC loss following parturition to changes in serum lipid levels, and changes potentially affecting oocyte quality; thus, these results provide new insight into mechanism of reduced fertility.
Adversarial data-selection based work-hours estimation method on a small dataset in a logistics center (2021)

One of the metrics to evaluate the operation quality of a logistics center is work-hours per day; however, the total amount of data is too small for estimation of work-hours even if its accumulation period is several years. In this study, an “adversarial data selection method” leveraging a small dataset is proposed. The proposed method competitively adapts a classifier that classifies the magnitude relationship of work-hours, i.e., a decision boundary of the classifier which cannot distinguish the magnitude of a paired dataset is detected. The experiment of work-hours estimation is conducted with small data which numbers are varied from 100 to 700 on a discrete event simulator. Results such as mean absolute error show the proposed method achieves lower errors than that of conventional methods (SVR, Lasso, k-NN, Random Forest, Gaussian Process, and LightGBM), and it is efficient on the condition of the small number of a dataset.
Minimally invasive deformity correction: surgical technique (2013)

This video details a minimally invasive treatment of symptomatic adult kyphoscoliosis. Both anterior and posterior approaches are used to obtain sagittal and coronal balance. In addition, improved lumbar lordosis is achieved to closely match the patient's pelvic incidence. The key steps for the lateral transpsoas procedure are detailed in the first portion of the video and include positioning, fluoroscopic localization, exposure with tubular retractor placement, interbody preparation and grafting, and closure. The second portion of the video shows positioning, fluoroscopic positioning/guidance, exposure for percutaneous pedicle screw placement, rod insertion, and closure. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/cHkTMtSXZ8A.
CPU-style SIMD ray traversal on GPUs (2018)

In this paper we describe and evaluate an implementation of CPU-style SIMD ray traversal on the GPU. We show how spreading moderately wide BVHs (up to a branching factor of eight) across multiple threads in a warp can improve performance while not requiring expensive pre-processing. The presented ray-traversal method exhibits improved traversal performance especially for increasingly incoherent rays.
The effects of intravitreal sodium iodate injection on retinal degeneration following vitrectomy in rabbits (2019)

We sought to develop and characterize outer retinal degeneration induced by intravitreal injection of sodium iodate (SI) after vitrectomy in rabbits. To determine the effective dose of SI, the right eyes of 19 male New Zealand white rabbits received an intravitreal injection of SI or sham. Based on the dose-dependence results, 0.4 mg of SI in 0.05 mL of total volume was injected into the right eyes of 10 rabbits at two weeks after vitrectomy. In the dose-dependence study, localized retinal atrophy was observed with 0.3- and 0.4-mg SI injections without vitrectomy. Severe and diffuse retinal atrophy was identified by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) at one month after a 0.5-mg SI injection following vitrectomy. In the second experiment, 0.4 mg of SI in 0.05 mL was injected, and the severity of outer retinal degeneration was graded as one of two types according to electroretinography (ERG) response change. There was no response on ERG in complete retinal degeneration, 30% of all 10 rabbits. Intravitreal injection of 0.4 mg of SI into vitrectomized rabbit eyes induces diffuse outer retinal degeneration, and the degree of retinal degeneration can be evaluated through in vivo ophthalmic examination.
Novel Titanium Halides Containing Metal‐Metal Bonds: Ti7Cl16 and Ti7Br16 (1979)

The discovery of two new titanium halides came as a surprise. The isotypic compounds Ti 7 Cl 16 and Ti 7 Br 16 are produced by chemical transport ( via gaseous complexes); X‐ray analysis shows them to contain TiTi bonds.
Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of illicit drug substances (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of illicit drug substancesRobert. Weinberger and Ira S. LurieCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 8, 823–827Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00008a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00008a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views514Altmetric-Citations174LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of Solid-Phase Reactions: Product Identification and Quantification by Use of UV-Chromophore-Containing Dual-Linker Analytical Constructs (2000)

Detection and quantification of material synthesized on a single resin bead is now possible using standard UV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry by the introduction of an analytical construct (A) before the linker (L2; see scheme). Cleavage of the analytical fragment is achieved by the introduction of another, orthogonal, linker (L1) that releases the labeled substrate into solution.
Brush-Type Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers from “Living”/Controlled Radical Polymerizations and Their Aggregation Behavior (2005)

Two brush-type amphiphilic diblock copolymers, poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate-block-polystyrene) (P(PEGMA)-b-PS) and poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (P(GMA)-b-P(PEGMA)) were synthesized, respectively, via consecutive atom-transfer radical polymerizations (ATRPs) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerizations. The diblock copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The aggregation behavior of the two amphiphilic diblock copolymers in water was also studied. Scanning electron and transmission electron microscopic images revealed that spherical micelles (40-80 nm in diameter) from self-assembly of the P(PEGMA)-b-PS copolymers and wormlike micelles (60-120 nm in length and 20-30 nm in diameter) from self-assembly of the P(GMA)-b-P(PEGMA) copolymers were prevalent. The spherical P(PEGMA)-b-PS micelles could self-assemble gradually into giant aggregates of several micrometers in diameter.
A fast and efficient method for sequential cone-beam tomography (2002)

Sequential cone-beam tomography is a method where data of two or more circular trajectories are used to reconstruct the object function. The authors propose a condition for the data acquisition that ensures that all object points between two successive circles are irradiated over an angular span of the X-ray source position of 360 degrees in total. A fast and efficient approximative reconstruction method for sequential cone-beam tomography is presented that is based on the tent-FDK method and can handle axially truncated projections.
Effects of gpx4 Haploid Insufficiency on GPx4 Activity, Selenium Concentration, and Paraquat-Induced Protein Oxidation in Murine Tissues (2005)

Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPx4) catalyzes the reduction of phospholipid hydroperoxides. Because a full gpx4 knockout is embryonic lethal, we examined the effect of deletion of one copy of gpx4 on the activities of three selenoperoxidases (GPx1, GPx3, and GPx4), selenium concentrations, and pro-oxidant-induced protein oxidation in various tissues of mice. A total of 32 gpx4 hemizygous (GPx4+/-) and wild-type (WT) mice (8- to 10-weeks old; 16 males and 16 females) were fed a selenium-adequate diet and given an intraperitoneal injection of paraquat (PQ; 24 mg/kg body wt) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). All mice were euthanized 4 hrs after injection to collect tissues for analyses. In PBS-treated mice, GPx4 activities in lung, liver, kidney, and testes of GPx4+/- mice were 24-39% lower (P < 0.05) than in WT mice. Among PQ-treated mice, only testis GPx4 activity in GPx4+/- mice was significantly lower (54% P < 0.05) than WT mice. Selenium concentration in testes, but not in other tissues, was reduced (34% P < 0.05) in GPx4+/- mice compared with WT mice, irrespective of treatment. Tissue GPx1 activities and plasma GPx3 and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were unaffected by PQ treatment or gpx4 hemizygosity. Total protein carbonyl was elevated (73% P < 0.05) by PQ only in lung, and this effect of PQ was independent of genotypes. In conclusion, gpx4 haploid insufficiency reduced GPx4 activities and/or selenium concentrations, but had no effect on pro-oxidant-induced protein oxidation in various tissues of mice.
Nonlinear wake amplification by an active medium in a cylindrical waveguide using a modulated trigger bunch (2014)

Abstract Cerenkov wake amplification can be used as an accelerating scheme, in which a trigger bunch of electrons propagating inside a cylindrical waveguide filled with an active medium generates an initial wake field. Due to the multiple reflections inside the waveguide, the wake may be amplified significantly more strongly than when propagating in a boundless medium. Sufficiently far away from the trigger bunch the wake, which travels with the same phase velocity as the bunch, reaches saturation and it can accelerate a second bunch of electrons trailing behind. For a $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ gas mixture our numerical and analytical calculations indicate that a short saturation length and a high gradient can be achieved with a large waveguide radius filled with a high density of excited atoms and a trigger bunch that travels at a velocity slightly above the Cerenkov velocity. To obtain a stable level of saturated wake that will be suitable for particle acceleration, it is crucial to satisfy the single-mode resonance condition, which requires high accuracy in the waveguide radius and the ratio between the electron phase velocity and the Cerenkov velocity. For single-mode propagation our model indicates that it is feasible to obtain gradients as high as $\mathrm{GV\ m}^{-1}$ in a waveguide length of cm.
A folding switch regulates interleukin 27 biogenesis and secretion of its α-subunit as a cytokine (2019)

A common design principle of heteromeric signaling proteins is the use of shared subunits. This allows encoding of complex messages while maintaining evolutionary flexibility. How cells regulate and control assembly of such composite signaling proteins remains an important open question. An example of particular complexity and biological relevance is the interleukin 12 (IL-12) family. Four functionally distinct αβ heterodimers are assembled from only five subunits to regulate immune cell function and development. In addition, some subunits act as independent signaling molecules. Here we unveil key molecular mechanisms governing IL-27 biogenesis, an IL-12 family member that limits infections and autoimmunity. In mice, the IL-27α subunit is secreted as a cytokine, whereas in humans only heterodimeric IL-27 is present. Surprisingly, we find that differences in a single amino acid determine if IL-27α can be secreted autonomously, acting as a signaling molecule, or if it depends on heterodimerization for secretion. By combining computer simulations with biochemical experiments, we dissect the underlying structural determinants: a protein folding switch coupled to disulfide bond formation regulates chaperone-mediated retention versus secretion. Using these insights, we rationally change folding and assembly control for this protein. This provides the basis for a more human-like IL-27 system in mice and establishes a secretion-competent human IL-27α that signals on its own and can regulate immune cell function. Taken together, our data reveal a close link between protein folding and immunoregulation. Insights into the underlying mechanisms can be used to engineer immune modulators.
Synergistic effects in the facilitated transfer of metal ions into room-temperature ionic liquids (2005)

Addition of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) is shown to markedly increase the extraction of strontium from acidic nitrate media into certain 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imides by dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6), the apparent result of the formation of a synergistic adduct between the strontium-DCH18C6 complex and TBP. The magnitude of the synergistic enhancement is shown to depend on the alkyl chain length of the ionic liquid (IL) cation, with the effect diminishing as the cation hydrophobicity increases. The effect also diminishes at high (>50% v/v) TBP concentrations, the likely result of changes in solvent polarity unfavorable to the extraction of metal-crown ether complexes.
Effect of Aluminium Powder on Kaolin-Based Geopolymer Characteristic and Removal of Cu2+ (2021)

This current work focuses on the synthesis of geopolymer-based adsorbent which uses kaolin as a source material, mixed with alkali solution consisting of 10M NaOH and Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> as well as aluminium powder as a foaming agent. The experimental range for the aluminium powder was between 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2wt%. The structure, properties and characterization of the geopolymer were examined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Adsorption capacity and porosity were analysed based on various percentages of aluminium powder added. The results indicate that the use of aluminium powder exhibited a better pore size distribution and higher porosity, suggesting a better heavy metal removal. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu<sup>2+</sup> approached approximately 98%. The findings indicate that 0.8% aluminium powder was the optimal aluminium powder content for geopolymer adsorbent. The removal efficiency was affected by pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The optimum removal capacity of Cu<sup>2+</sup> was obtained at pH 6 with 1.5 g geopolymer adsorbent and 4 h contact time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in porosity increases the adsorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup>.
Ultrasensitive Detection of Aminopeptidase N Activity in Urine and Cells with a Ratiometric Fluorescence Probe (2017)

An ultrasensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe (CVN) has been designed and synthesized by incorporating alanine into the cresyl violet fluorophore. The probe shows ratiometric fluorescence response toward aminopeptidase N (APN) through the increase of fluorescent intensity ratio of 626/575 nm. The sensitivity of the probe is ultrahigh with a detection limit of 33 pg/mL, which can quantify the contents of APN in 500-fold diluted human urine samples. Furthermore, by using ratiometric fluorescence imaging, the probe reveals significantly higher contents of APN in HepG2 cells than those in LO2 cells, which has been further used to distinguish these two types of cells in mixed cocultures. The probe could be of great importance for the APN-related disease diagnosis and pathophysiology elucidation.
Selection of vehicle routing heuristic using neural networks (1997)

Abstract Due to its combinatorial structure, the vehicle routing problem has been attacked by many heuristic solution approaches. Given the large number of available heuristics, selecting the best heuristic for a particular problem poses its own kind of difficulty. This study uses a simple neural network approach to select the best heuristic for a VRP instance according to its basic characteristics. The approach has been trained and tested on a large test bed which covers problems with a wide variety of characteristics. It was also tested on a set of benchmark problems from the literature. For these problems, a simple procedure was used to extract the problem characteristics from the problem data. Statistical analysis reveals that the performance of each heuristic is affected differently by the problem characteristics. Neural network results for both test sets show that our approach is capable of selecting the best algorithm for a given VRP instance.
The effect of maleated polylactic acid (PLA) as an interfacial modifier in PLA‐talc composites (2010)

Abstract Polylactic acid (PLA)‐talc composites were reactively compatibilized using maleic anhydride‐functionalized PLA (MAPLA) as an interfacial additive. The effect of MAPLA was investigated based on evaluation of composite properties and examination of the microstructure using scanning electron microscopy. The incorporation of MAPLA contributed to an increase in the crystallinity of PLA in the composites, and when added in an optimal concentration, showed improved tensile strength. Thermo–mechanical measurements indicated the reinforcement effect of the talc and the coupling effect of the MAPLA inclusion. Microscopic studies revealed the composite microstructures along with the corresponding modes of failure which were in accordance with the mechanical behavior. Overall, this investigation provided experimental evidence of enhanced adhesion at the interface, which is believed to be due to the MAPLA addition. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Profiling How the Gut Microbiome Modulates Host Xenobiotic Metabolism in Response to Benzo[a]pyrene and 1-Nitropyrene Exposure (2022)

The gut microbiome is a key contributor to xenobiotic metabolism. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an abundant class of environmental contaminants that have varying levels of carcinogenicity depending on their individual structures. Little is known about how the gut microbiome affects the rates of PAH metabolism. This study sought to determine the role that the gut microbiome has in determining the various aspects of metabolism in the liver, before and after exposure to two structurally different PAHs, benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene and 1-nitropyrene. Following exposures, the metabolic rates of PAH metabolism were measured, and activity-based protein profiling was performed. We observed differences in PAH metabolism rates between germ-free and conventional mice under both unexposed and exposed conditions. Our activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) analysis showed that, under unexposed conditions, there were only minor differences in total P450 activity in germ-free mice relative to conventional mice. However, we observed distinct activity profiles in response to corn oil vehicle and PAH treatment, primarily in the case of 1-NP treatment. This study revealed that the repertoire of active P450s in the liver is impacted by the presence of the gut microbiome, which modifies PAH metabolism in a substrate-specific fashion.
Video See-Through AR on Consumer Cell-Phones (2005)

We present a first running video see-through augmented reality system on a consumer cell-phone. It supports the detection and differentiation of different markers, and correct integration of rendered 3D graphics into the live video stream via a weak perspective projection camera model and an OpenGL rendering pipeline.
A Study on Packet Repetition Format for Advertising-Based IoT Data Transmission System (2017)

This paper studies a technique to save power consumption required for repeated transmission of advertising-based data packets used for a narrowband wireless communications system on the sub-GHz bands such as low power wide area (LPWA) systems under slow fading channels. The time interval and the frequency channel used for each repeated packet are considered as the key parameters that will affect the probability of packet success transmission, eventually the power consumption of devices. The correlation models of fading channels depending on the speed of a mobile node and the multipath delay profile are developed based on the fundamental communications theory, and they are utilized for designing the key parameters of repeated transmission. A burst transmission scheme, to repeat the identical data packet with a combination of a short time interval and a long time interval, is developed to save the power consumption by decreasing the total number of transmitted packets compared to a regular-interval transmission scheme. Simulation results show that the time interval dominates the performance of the probability of packet success transmission under time-varying channels with the mobility at a walking speed. It is also shown that a careful allocation of frequency channel used for the repeated packet can reduce the number of repeated packets to achieve a specific probability of packet success transmission under a slower fading channel, i.e., a quasi-static channel, which leads to the saving of the battery power consumption.