gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast Motion Artifact Correction Using l(1)-norm (2009)

Purpose : Patient motion during magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is one of the major problems due to its long scan time. Entropy based post-processing motion correction techniques have been shown to correct motion artifact effectively. One of main limitations of these techniques however is its long processing time. In this study, we propose several methods to reduce this long processing time effectively. Materials and Methods : To reduce the long processing time, we used the separability property of two dimensional Fourier transform (2-D FT). Also, a computationally light metric (sum of all image pixel intensity) was used instead of the entropy criterion. Finally, partial Fourier reconstruction, in particular the projection onto convex set (POCS) method, was combined thereby reducing the size of the data which should be processed and corrected. Results : Time savings of each proposed method are presented with different data size of brain images. In vivo data were processed using the proposed method and showed similar image quality. The total processing time was reduced to 15% in two dimensional images and 30% in the three dimensional images. Conclusion : The proposed methods can be useful in reducing image motion artifacts when only post-processing motion correction algorithms are available. The proposed methods can also be combined with parallel imaging technique to further reduce the processing times.
Improved linear crosstalk precompensation for DSL (2004)

Crosstalk is the major source of performance degradation in next generation DSL systems such as VDSL. In downstream communications, transmitting modems are co-located at the central office. This allows crosstalk precompensation to be employed. In crosstalk precompensation, the transmitted signal is pre-distorted such that the pre-distortion destructively interferes with the crosstalk introduced by the channel. Existing crosstalk precompensation techniques either give poor performance or require modification of customer premises equipment (CPF). This is impractical since there are millions of legacy CPE modems already in use. We present a novel crosstalk precompensation technique, based on a diagonalization of the crosstalk channel matrix. This technique does not require modification of CPE. Furthermore, certain properties of the DSL channel ensure that this diagonalizing precompensator achieves near-optimal performance.
A guaranteed training of binary pattern mappings using Gaussian perceptron networks (2003)

Training algorithms are introduced for single- and multiple-layered networks of Gaussian perceptrons. One characteristic of these algorithms is that they can guarantee that a network structure and the corresponding weights will be found for any arbitrarily given mapping relation of binary patterns. A number of computer simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hyperbolic waveguide for long-range heat transport (Orale) (2017)

International audience
The effect of dietary oil containing (n-3) fatty acids on the fatty acid, physicochemical, and organoleptic characteristics of pig meat and fat. (1997)

An investigation was made to alter the fatty acid composition of pork and a pork product in line with human dietary advice while not adversely affecting factors controlling consumer acceptability. Pigs (n = 150) were assigned to three dietary treatments with 25 intact male-female pairs per treatment. Diet A (control) contained 3% of a 4:1 (wt/ wt) tallow-soybean oil mixture. Diets B and C contained 2% rapeseed oil plus 1% fish oil. Diets A, B, and C were supplemented with 100, 100, and 250 mg of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg of diet, respectively. Pigs were given ad libitum access to feed from 52 kg live weight until 95 kg (slaughter). Sausages were prepared from the resulting cuts. Tissues of pigs were evaluated in terms of fat firmness, color, fatty acid composition, and contents of alpha-tocopherol and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Organoleptic characteristics of chops and sausages were evaluated by a trained taste panel. Pigs fed Diets B and C had improved feed conversion ratios (P < .05) and ADG compared with control pigs. The levels of n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturates were significantly increased in the tissues and sausage from pigs fed Diets B and C with associated alterations in n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratios that accorded with contemporary human dietary recommendations. Levels of alpha-tocopherol and TBARS were significantly altered in the tissues. There were no appreciable differences between treatments in carcass characteristics, including color. The overall organoleptic acceptability of chops and sausages was not different between the treatments.
Activated Rate Theory Treatment of Oxygen and Water Transport through Silicon Oxide/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Composite Barrier Structures (1997)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates were coated with thin films of silicon oxide deposited by magnetically enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The rates of oxygen and water vapor transport through the coated and uncoated film systems were obtained as a function of temperature. Activated rate theory treatment of oxygen transmission rates revealed that the silicon oxide coatings were imperfect; the apparent free energies of activation (ΔEp) for transport through film substrates which were coated on a single side were statistically identical to uncoated controls. However, coating both sides of the polymer substrate with identical oxide layers resulted in a 54 kJ/mol increase in the ΔEp value. A simple empirical model for the change in transport mechanism is offered to explain this unanticipated result. Analogous treatment of water vapor transport rates for these same film systems showed no obvious change in transport mechanism. However, ΔEp values obtained for water vapor permeation through silicon oxide-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate), polystyrene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate substrates were identical within experimental error, suggesting attractive interaction between the oxide layer(s) and water.
Distinct distributions of five N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor channel subunit mRNAs in the forebrain (1993)

Abstract The distributions of five NMDA receptor channel subunit mRNAs in the mouse forebrain at postnatal day 21 were semiquantitatively examined by in situ hybridization with subunit‐specific oligonucleotide probes. In contrast to ubiquitous distribution of the ζ1 subunit mRNA throughout the forebrain, distributions of four ϵ subunit mRNAs were highly variable from nucleus to nucleus. The telencephalon (except for the septum) expressed the ϵ1 and ϵ2 subunit mRNAs. Various combinations of the ϵ1, ϵ2, ϵ3, and ϵ4 subunit mRNAs were present in different nuclei of the septum, the olfactory bulb, and the thalamus. In the hypothalamus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus expressed distinct signals for the ϵ3 subunit mRNA alone, whereas other nuclei showed faint signals for the ϵ1, ϵ2, and ϵ4 subunit mRNAs. Moreover, different signal levels of the ϵ subunit mRNAs were found in various regions. The hippocampal CA1 region expressed higher signals for the ϵ1 and ϵ2 subunit mRNAs than the CA3 region and the dentate gyrus. In the cerebral cortex, signal levels of the ϵ1 subunit mRNA were higher in the laminae II/III, IV, and VI than the lamina V, whereas those of the ϵ2 subunit mRNA were highest in laminae II/III and lowest in laminae IV and V. Different signal levels between the ϵ1 and ϵ2 subunit mRNAs were also discerned in the amygdala, the caudate‐putamen, and the thalamus. The distinct anatomical distributions and differential signal levels of the ϵ subunit mRNAs strongly suggest different subunit organizations of the NMDA receptor channel in different forebrain neurons, which may result in functional diversity of the channel in vivo. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sub-10 fs time resolved study of excited state relaxation in β-carotene (2005)

Summary form only given. Carotenoids are a widespread class of natural pigments with a number of important functions in biological systems. In their light-harvesting role, carotenoids absorb light in the blue-green region and transfer energy to the bacterio-chlorophyll with efficiency close to 1. In our experiments photoexcitation with broad band sub-1o fs pulses from an optical parametric amplifier populates the second excited singlet state (S2). Interrogating the excited molecules with a second, delayed probe pulse, in the usual pump-probe configuration we are able to directly monitor the dynamic Stokes shift of stimulated emission from S2, taking place in about 40 fs, and internal conversion to S1.
Evaluation of Solid Composite Propellants Using a Dicyclopentadiene Binder (2011)

The high strength and burning rate properties of dicyclopentadiene offer advantages to composite solid propellants when used as a binder with near equal specific impulse to state-of-the-art binders. Work conducted in this study expanded the functional mixing characteristics of dicyclopentadiene and effectively increased the solids loading with this binder to an intermediary 85% level using ammonium perchlorate and aluminum. Initial mechanical and combustion, both Crawford bomb and small-scale ballistic test motor, evaluations have been conducted with baseline and plasticized formulations. Results of these advances and evaluations are discussed.
Diagnóstico de alergia intestinal ao leite de vaca, nunca uma tarefa fácil (2010)

um estudo importante porque ressalta vrios fatores-chave da alergia protena do leite de vaca. Os pesquisadores identificaram, com base na histria, 66 pacientes com reaes adversas protena do leite de vaca. Essas reaes incluam uma
Amoxicillin–Clavulanic Acid Therapy of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Prospective Study of Twenty–Seven Cases in Cirrhotic Patients (1990)

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis is a serious complication that demands urgent attention. We report here a prospective study of the treatment of 27 episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in 22 cirrhotic patients with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The infection of ascitic fluid was diagnosed by a positive culture plus an ascitic neutrophil count exceeding 75/microliters, or by an ascitic neutrophil count exceeding 500/microliters. The infection was treated with 1 gm amoxicillin and 0.2 gm clavulanic acid every 6 hr for 14 days. In 17 cases (63%), bacteria were isolated from the ascitic fluid. All the bacteria isolated were sensitive to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, whereas in five cases they were resistant to amoxicillin alone (Escherichia coli in two cases, Klebsiella pneumoniae in two cases and Bacteroides fragilis in one case). Cure of the infection was achieved in 23 episodes (85%) after 14 days' treatment; 17 patients (63%) were able to leave the hospital. Fourteen of 20 patients (70%) treated for the first episode of infection died within 1 yr: eight from infection, two from gastrointestinal hemorrhage, one from infection and hemorrhage and three from tumors. One patient who had repeated infections underwent liver transplantation and has not had any infectious complications 1.5 yr after surgery. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid may be an effective first-line therapy for ascitic fluid infection in cirrhosis. Nevertheless, the 1-yr prognosis continues to be grave and the severity of the underlying liver disease remains the most important determinant for survival.
Liquid-crystalline methanofullerodendrimers which display columnar mesomorphism (2008)

Liquid-crystalline methanofullerodendrimers were synthesized via the Bingel addition reaction of mesomorphic malonate derivatives and C60. Second- and third-generation poly(benzyl ether) dendrons were selected as liquid-crystalline promoters to induce columnar mesomorphism. Based on a convergent and modular synthetic methodology, symmetrical (two identical dendrons) and non-symmetrical (two different dendrons) dendrimers were prepared, as well as hemidendrimers (only one dendron). The liquid-crystalline properties of the malonates and fullerodendrimers were investigated by polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. All the malonates give rise to hexagonal columnar phases of p6mm symmetry. As for the fullerodendrimers, the second-generation hemidendrimer shows a rectangular columnar phase of c2mm symmetry, while the other materials give rise to hexagonal columnar phases of p6mm symmetry.
Expression, Purification and Low-Resolution Structure of Human Vitamin C Transporter SVCT1 (SLC23A1) (2013)

Expression and purification of human membrane proteins for structural studies represent a great challenge. This is because micro- to milligram amounts of pure isolated protein are required. To this aim, we successfully expressed the human vitamin C transporter-1 (hSVCT1; SLC23A1) in Xenopus laevis oocytes and isolated highly pure protein in microgram amounts. Recombinant hSVCT1 was functional when expressed in oocytes and glycosylated. Structural analysis of purified hSVCT1 by transmission electron microscopy and single particle analysis unveiled its shape, dimensions and low-resolution structure as well as the existence of a major monomeric and minor dimeric population. Chemical crosslinking of isolated oocyte membranes containing expressed hSVCT1 indicated similar oligomeric states of hSVCT1 in lipid bilayers. This work reports the first purification and structural analysis of a human SVCT protein and opens the way for future functional and structural studies using purified hSVCT1.
Slave diversity: Using multiple paths to improve the accuracy of clock synchronization protocols (2012)

Running clock synchronization protocols over packet based networks introduces a considerable challenge, since clock accuracy is highly sensitive to the network latency behavior. As packet based networks are becoming the common transport for most applications requiring clock synchronization, accuracy requirements are becoming increasingly stringent. In this paper we introduce a novel approach that uses multiple communication paths between the master and slave clocks to improve the clock accuracy without increasing the total rate of protocol messages. We show that the multi-path approach can also be used to reduce the time error caused by asymmetric communication paths. We present simulation results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Mcm2 phosphorylation and the response to replicative stress (2012)

Together these observations point to a role for DDK-mediated phosphorylation of Mcm2 in the response to replicative stress, including some forms of DNA damage. We suggest that phosphorylation of Mcm2 modulates Mcm2-7 activity resulting in the stabilization of replication forks in response to replicative stress.
Mammography Phantom Studies Using 3D Electrical Impedance Tomography with Numerical Forward Solver (2007)

In this study, the 3D mammography geometry is considered to detect breast cancer based on the electrical impedance tomography. The finite element method formulation of the forward 3D electrical impedance tomography model with complete electrode model is considered for the rectangular mammography geometry. For the discretization, Galerkin method is adopted on linear tetrahedral elements. The regularized one-step Gauss-Newton method is employed as the inverse solver. A test phantom designed specifically to resemble the shape of compressed breasts is used with ACT4 measurement system. The numerical simulation and extensive experimental results are shown to illustrate the proposed method.
The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and the Na + /Ca 2+ Exchanger Both Contribute to the Ca 2+ Transient of Failing Human Ventricular Myocytes (1999)

Our objective was to determine the respective roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in the small, slowly decaying Ca2+ transients of failing human ventricular myocytes. Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from explanted hearts of patients with severe heart failure (n=18). Cytosolic Ca2+, contraction, and action potentials were measured by using indo-1, edge detection, and patch pipettes, respectively. Selective inhibitors of SR Ca2+ transport (thapsigargin) and reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity (No. 7943, Kanebo Ltd) were used to define the respective contribution of these processes to the Ca2+ transient. Ca2+ transients and contractions induced by action potentials (AP transients) at 0.5 Hz exhibited phasic and tonic components. The duration of the tonic component was determined by the action potential duration. Ca2+ transients induced by caffeine (Caf transients) exhibited only a phasic component with a rapid rate of decay that was dependent on extracellular Na+. The SR Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin abolished the phasic component of the AP Ca2+ transient and of the Caf transient but had no significant effect on the tonic component of the AP transient. The Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor No. 7943 eliminated the tonic component of the AP transient and reduced the magnitude of the phasic component. In failing human myocytes, Ca2+ transients and contractions exhibit an SR-related, phasic component and a slow, reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange-related tonic component. These findings suggest that Ca2+ influx via reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange during the action potential may contribute to the slow decay of the Ca2+ transient in failing human myocytes.
Evaluation of herbicides for control of summer-growing weeds on fallows in south-eastern Australia (1990)

Eighteen herbicides or herbicide tankmixes were evaluated over 3 years (1987-89) for their control of 11 important summer-growing weeds on fallows in southern New South Wales and the Wimmera area of Victoria. Each of the weeds was effectively controlled by at least 1 herbicide. The tank-mixes of glyphosate plus metsulfuron (270 + 4.2 g a.i./ha) and glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester (270 + 320 g a.i./ha) were the most effective treatments, each giving an average of 68% control of all species. Hogweed (Polygolzunz avicu1ar.e L.), prickly paddy melon (Cucumis myriocarpris Naudin), spear thistle [Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.] and skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) were the species most tolerant of these 2 tank-mixes. When these species were exluded, glyphosate plus metsulfuron and glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester gave an average of 90 and 88% control, respectively, of the remaining species [common heliotrope, Heliotropiunz europaeum L.; camel melon, Citrullus larzatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. lanatus; prickly lettuce, Lactuca serriola L.; sowthistle, Sonchus spp.; clammy goosefoot, Chenopodium pumilio R.Br.; caltrop, Tribulus terrestris L.; stink grass, Eragrostis ciliatiensis (All.) E. Mosher]. Hogweed was most effectively controlled by 2,4-D amine plus dicamba (750 + 100 g a.i./ha) or 2,4-D ester (800 g a.i./ha); prickly paddy melon by 2,4-D amine plus triclopyr (750 + 96 g a.i./ha); spear thistle by 2,4-D amine plus dicamba (750 + 100 g a.i./ha) or glyphosate plus clopyralid (270 + 60 g a.i./ha); and skeleton weed by 2,4-D amine plus clopyralid (750 + 60 g a.i./ha). A pot experiment confirmed field observations that, as common heliotrope ages, glyphosate and glyphosate plus metsulfuron become less effective for its control.
Effects of four different .ALPHA.1-adrenoceptor antagonists on .ALPHA.-adrenoceptor agonist-induced contractions in isolated mouse and hamster ureters (2009)

In this study, silodosin suppressed both mouse and hamster ureteral contractions more potently than doxazosin, terazosin, or alfuzosin. Hence, this alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonist warrants further study as a potentially very useful medication for stone passage in urolithiasis patients.
Processes to Activate Phase III Clinical Trials in a Cooperative Oncology Group: The Case of Cancer and Leukemia Group B (2006)

Setup of a phase III study at a major cooperative oncology group is a complex and lengthy process, with the majority of decision points external to the cooperative group. To improve the activation process, research should to be directed toward both internal and external groups and processes.
Current lipid extraction methods are significantly enhanced adding a water treatment step in Chlorella protothecoides (2017)

Water treatment of biomass after the first solvent extraction step helps the subsequent release of intracellular lipids in the second extraction step, thus improving the global lipids extraction yield. In addition, the water treatment positively modifies the intracellular lipid class ratios of the final extract, in which TAG ratio is significantly increased without changes in the fatty acids composition. The novel method thus provides an efficient way to improve lipid extraction yield of existing methods, as well as selectively favoring TAG, a lipid of the upmost interest for biodiesel production.
Emergência: fatores que levam a população infantil a recorrer a este serviço (1992)

A deficiência dos serviços básicos de saúde vem determinando um aumento na demanda aos serviços de atendimento terciário. Essa situação sobrecarrega as unidades de emergência, mobiliza desnecessariamente recursos humanos e materiais especializados, reforça a desvalorização da ação preventiva e soluciona paliativamente os problemas da população. Este problema reflete-se na procura do Serviço de Emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, cujo nível de assistência aos problemas de saúde da criança procura-se medir. Para isto utilizou-se instrumento próprio e entrevista que permitiram levantar os problemas de saúde e os motivos de procura ao serviço. Constata-se que a maioria dos atendimentos necessita ser trabalhado no primeiro nível de assistência e analisa-se a política de saúde e o papel do enfermeiro neste contexto.
Enzyme-responsive copper sulphide nanoparticles for combined photoacoustic imaging, tumor-selective chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (2013)

Gelatin-stabilized copper sulphide nanoparticles with conjugated doxorubicin have been developed for combined photoacoustic imaging, enzyme-responsive drug release and photothermal therapy.
Methods of Balancing Single Cylinder Engines (1968)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Two balancer developments are followed through the conception and development stages into production. One design utilizes gear driven auxiliary flyweights, and the other, an oscillating counterbalance driven by crankshaft eccentrics. Vibration reductions up to 85% have been realized.&lt;/div&gt;