gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-resolution x-ray imaging of extended lasing plasmas (1997)

An x-ray imaging system with a bent focusing crystal was used for time-resolved one-dimensional imaging of a long plasma column of highly ionized aluminum. This scheme uses a focusing geometry with a spherically bent crystal and a slit on the Rowland circle. Alternative schemes of x-ray monochromatic imaging are briefly discussed. The homogeneity of the up to 40-mm-long laser-generated plasma column was studied with a temporal resolution of 100 ps. The potential spatial resolution of the instrument is 90 microm or better. Monochromatic images taken on the resonance He alpha line of Al XII characterize the homogeneity of a plasma generated to study a recombination x-ray laser scheme, giving an amplified spontaneous emission in Al XI.
ScreeningLegionellaeffectors for antiviral effects reveals Rab1 GTPase as a proviral factor coopted for tombusvirus replication (2019)

Bacterial virulence factors or effectors are proteins targeted into host cells to coopt or interfere with cellular proteins and pathways. Viruses often coopt the same cellular proteins and pathways to support their replication in infected cells. Therefore, we screened the <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> effectors to probe virus-host interactions and identify factors that modulate tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication in yeast surrogate host. Among 302 <i>Legionella</i> effectors tested, 28 effectors affected TBSV replication. To unravel a coopted cellular pathway in TBSV replication, the identified DrrA effector from <i>Legionella</i> was further exploited. We find that expression of DrrA in yeast or plants blocks TBSV replication through inhibiting the recruitment of Rab1 small GTPase and endoplasmic reticulum-derived COPII vesicles into the viral replication compartment. TBSV hijacks Rab1 and COPII vesicles to create enlarged membrane surfaces and optimal lipid composition within the viral replication compartment. To further validate our <i>Legionella</i> effector screen, we used the <i>Legionella</i> effector LepB lipid kinase to confirm the critical proviral function of PI(3)P phosphoinositide and the early endosomal compartment in TBSV replication. We demonstrate the direct inhibitory activity of LegC8 effector on TBSV replication using a cell-free replicase reconstitution assay. LegC8 inhibits the function of eEF1A, a coopted proviral host factor. Altogether, the identified bacterial effectors with anti-TBSV activity could be powerful reagents in cell biology and virus-host interaction studies. This study provides important proof of concept that bacterial effector proteins can be a useful toolbox to identify host factors and cellular pathways coopted by (+)RNA viruses.
An Explosive Welding Process by Method of Putting Explosive on One Side of Specimen : Effective Application of Reflected Underwater Shock Wave (2004)

A new method of explosive welding is proposed. In the new method, an explosive put on a block of the thick steel is set on the one side of the specimen. The whole set-up is submerged in the water. When the explosive is detonated, underwater shock wave moves on the flyer plate from the near side to explosive to the far side. The shock wave hold a very high pressure, so that the flyer plate is abruptly accelerated by pressure action and collides with a suitable velocity to the base plate a slightly apart from the flyer plate. Thus explosive welding is achieved. Shock pressure decays with the distance from the explosive. To make up the energy loss of shock wave, a reflector of thick plate is covered the passage of shock wave. To obtain an available reflection effect, the reflection is inclined to the bottom plate.
Reconstruction of inverse kinematic solution subject to joint kinematic limits using kinematic redundancy (2002)

Various physical limitations which intrinsically exist in the manipulator inverse kinematic system, for example joint travel and velocity limits, cause some undesirable effects. Specifically, when one or more joints are limited the desired task velocity can not be anticipated. The effect of joint kinematic limits, especially for redundant manipulators, is studied in this article, and an analytic method to reconstruct the inverse kinematic solution using the redundancy is proposed based on the kinematically decoupled modeling of redundant manipulators. It results in no error in the task motion at the cost of the least error in the null motion. Numerical simulations help to verify the advantages of the proposed scheme.
Ein Ausbruch oropharyngealer Tularämie durch frisch gepressten Most im Raum Mainz, Herbst 2016: epidemiologische und molekularbiologische Detektivarbeit (2019)

Tularämie wird durch Francisella tularensis verurascht und ist eine in Deutschland sehr seltene Erkrankung im Zusammenhang mit Jagd oder Wildverzehr. Im Herbst 2016 erkrankten Teilnehmer an einer privaten Traubenlese eines Winzers im Kreis Mainz-Bingen, Rheinland-Pfalz an oropharyngealer Tularämie. Keiner der Betroffenen hatte vorher Wild gegessen oder an einer Jagd teilgenommen.
Molecular characteristics of the human pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) (2010)

The outbreak of the human pandemic influenza A (H1N1) has caused a considerable public concern. The aim of this review was to improve our understanding of this novel virus by analyzing the relationships between its molecular characteristics and pathogenic properties. Results of this analysis indicate that the human pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus is a new re-assorted virus, which combines genetic materials from the avian flu (H1N1) virus, classical swine flu (H1N1) virus, human flu (H3N2) virus, and Eurasian swine flu (H1N1) virus. Analysis of the sequences for receptor-binding and cleavage sites of hemagglutinin (HA), stalk region of neuraminidase (NA), non-structural protein 1 (NS1), polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2), and polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1) suggested that (i) the human pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus is a low virulent and low pathogenic virus, (ii) its replication is restricted to the cells of upper respiratory tract, so it does not lead to a systemic infection, (iii) it spreads among humans only, (iv) its replication could be inhibited by oseltamivir, zanamivir, interferon (IFN), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). A potential application of amantadine might be complicated by the drug-resistant virus strains.
Investigation of dioctahedral smectite hydration properties by modeling of X-ray diffraction profiles: Influence of layer charge and charge location (2007)

International audience
Single-agent lenalidomide for newly diagnosed myeloma with on-demand dexamethasone: A phase II trial. (2011)

8080 Background: Lenalidomide (Len)-dexamethasone (Dex) combination is an effective initial therapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Len is an immunomodulatory drug and use of dexamethasone can potentially impair this effect. So we designed a trial of single agent Len, with Dex added based on response. Methods: Patients (Pts) with previously untreated, symptomatic MM with measurable disease were enrolled. Treatment consisted of Len (25 mg daily) for 3 weeks during a 4 week-cycle. Dex was added at 10 mg weekly if a partial response (PR) was not seen after 3 cycles, with dose increased by 10 mg weekly every cycle until a PR was seen or a maximum of 40 mg weekly was reached. Dex 40 mg weekly was added at any time if there was disease progression. Results: Thirty-eight pts with a median age of 66 (45-78) years; 21 (55%) females, were enrolled between Dec 2008 and Apr 2010. Twelve (34%) patients were ISS stage 3, and 9 (24%) were considered high-risk by mSMART criteria. Fifteen patients remain on study, with the majority of patients going off study for progression or alternative therapy including transplant. Overall, 26 (68%) patients had dexamethasone added to their treatment with a median time to dexamethasone addition of 3.3 months. Across the trial, 383 cycles of lenalidomide were administered, 205 (53%) with dexamethasone as well. Hematological toxicity was the main adverse event observed, with 45% of patients with a grade 3 or 4 event at least possible related to therapy. Fatigue was the most common non-hematological toxicity. The three-cycle response rate (>PR, without Dex) was 29%. The overall confirmed response (>PR) rate, including those with Dex added per protocol, was 58% (21% VGPR or better). Median time to response of 3.7 months. There have been 11 disease progressions, 8 of which occurred on study. The one-year estimated overall survival is 91%. Conclusions: Len as a single agent with Dex added based on response is a feasible strategy that will allow avoidance of dexamethasone related side effects, especially in patients where other coexisting illnesses make steroid side effects difficult to manage. The responses are slower than seen with Len and Dex and neutropenia and fatigue are the main toxicities.
Über ferromagnetische Eisenoxyde (1958)

Abstract Für die Elektrotechnik, besonders für die Herstellung von Magnettonbändern, haben die ferromagnetischen Eisenoxyde Magnetit und γ‐Eisenoxyd sowie die Ferrite wachsende Bedeutung erlangt. Über ihre Struktur, ihre Darstellung und ihr magnetisches Verhalten wird berichtet.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Alicyclic Backbone Polymers for 193 nm Lithography (1998)

In attempts to prepare new polymers containing a bicyclic structure in the backbone for use in 193 nm lithography, we selected two approaches; 1) radical alternating copolymerization of substituted norbornenes with sulfur dioxide and 2) anionic ring-opening polymerization of sultams (cyclic sulfonamides), especially camphorsultam. The second synthetic scheme was supposed to incorporate novel base-soluble sulfonamide functionality in the backbone. In addition to the sulfonamide, we selected fluoroalcohol as another base-soluble functionality, which was incorporated into the norbornene structure, for replacement of carboxylic acid which has been the primary base-solubilizing group employed in 193 nm resists while 248 nm and i-line resists utilize a phenolic functionality for this purpose. Whereas ethane- and propanesultams undergo ring-opening polymerization, camphorsultam failed to polymerize. The radical co-and terpolymerizations of substituted norbornenes with sulfur dioxide proceeded readily to high conversions in a few hours. The synthesis and preliminary lithographic evaluation of substituted poly(norbornene sulfones) are described.
A Chronic Psychotic: A Longitudinal Perspective (1989)

Psychiatric illnesses involve complex interpersonal and biological processes that combine to produce certain clinical signs and symptoms of psychopathology on which psychiatric diagnostics are based. Nevertheless, the clinical presentation of some psychiatric disorders may vary from patient to patient or at different points in time on the same patient. The following case history serves to underscore the importance of the multi-axial approach in combination with longitudinal follow-up when an attempt is made to understand fully complex individuals. In particular, this case involves, at the minimum, the complex interweaving of a psychosis not easily subsumed under either pure schizophrenia or pure affective disorder together with substance abuse. It is the analysis of the serial unfolding of psychopathology that the authors feel will lead to a more comprehensive and better diagnostic formulation of an individual patient.
Advances in Swine Transcriptomics (2007)

The past five years have seen a tremendous rise in porcine transcriptomic data. Available porcine Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) have expanded greatly, with over 623,000 ESTs deposited in Genbank. ESTs have been used to expand the pig-human comparative maps, but such data has also been used in many ways to understand pig gene expression. Several methods have been used to identify genes differentially expressed (DE) in specific tissues or cell types under different treatments. These include open screening methods such as suppression subtractive hybridization, differential display, serial analysis of gene expression, and EST sequence frequency, as well as closed methods that measure expression of a defined set of sequences such as hybridization to membrane arrays and microarrays. The use of microarrays to begin large-scale transcriptome analysis has been recently reported, using either specialized or broad-coverage arrays. This review covers published results using the above techniques in the pig, as well as unpublished data provided by the research community, and reports on unpublished Affymetrix data from our group. Published and unpublished bioinformatics efforts are discussed, including recent work by our group to integrate two broad-coverage microarray platforms. We conclude by predicting experiments that will become possible with new anticipated tools and data, including the porcine genome sequence. We emphasize that the need for bioinformatics infrastructure to efficiently store and analyze the expanding amounts of gene expression data is critical, and that this deficit has emerged as a limiting factor for acceleration of genomic understanding in the pig.
Impact of disorder on Dirac plasmon losses (2013)

Recent scattering-type scanning near-field optical spectroscopy (s-SNOM) experiments on single-layer graphene have reported Dirac plasmon lifetimes that are substantially shorter than the dc transport scattering time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{tr}}$. We argue that this discrepancy arises from the fact that the plasmon lifetime is fundamentally different from ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{tr}}$ since it is controlled by the imaginary part of the current-current linear response function at finite momentum and frequency. Taking this into account, we show that a minimal theory of the extrinsic lifetime of Dirac plasmons due to scattering against charged impurities yields a plasmon damping rate which is in good agreement with s-SNOM experimental results.
In-situ energy budget of needle-leaves reveals shift from evaporative to ‘air cooling’ under drought (2022)

Abstract The modulation of the leaf energy budget and the balance between its sensible heat ( H ) and latent heat ( LE ) fluxes is vital for vegetation functioning and survival, as it is linked to maintaining leaf temperature below the thermal threshold, an increasingly important mechanism under a drying and warming climate, when evaporative cooling is suppressed. Combining measurements and theoretical estimates using a new methodology, we obtained rare and comprehensive energy budgets of leaves on twigs under field conditions in droughted and non-droughted plots of a semi-arid pine forest with low and high evapotranspiration rates, respectively. An examination of all components of the needle-leaf energy budget indicated that under the same radiative load, leaf cooling shifts from nearly equal contributions to H and LE in non-droughted trees to almost exclusively H in droughted ones while maintaining a similar leaf temperature. This LE-to-H shift in leaves of droughted trees highlights the efficiency of the ‘air cooling’ mechanism in maintaining temperature, which can enhance the resilience of trees to drying conditions. Additionally, leaf energy budgets are a fundamental tool to help understand leaf cooling and aerodynamic resistance under field conditions, and to improve modelling of ecosystem activity and its effect on the climate system.
Iron homeostasis pathway DNA methylation trajectories reveal a role for STEAP3 metalloreductase in patient outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (2021)

Our results support a role for DNAm of cg25713625/<i>STEAP3</i> in recovery following aSAH. Additional research is needed to further explore the role of DNAm of cg25713625/<i>STEAP3</i> as a biomarker of unfavorable outcomes, or therapeutic target to improve outcomes, to translate these findings clinically.
Effect of anti-C5 antibody on recuperation from ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (2019)

Abstract<b>Aim:</b> The complement system is activated in acute kidney injury (AKI). Anti-C5 antibody targets the common terminal portion of the complement cascade that generate the terminal complex C5b-9 and has a renal-protective effect in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. However, the anti-C5 antibody's role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI has not been fully investigated. We therefore evaluated its effect on the pathophysiological cascade of I/R-induced AKI.<b>Methods:</b> Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral right kidney nephrectomies with simultaneous clamping of the contralateral hilum for 60 min (ischemia), followed by reperfusion. In addition to a placebo, two treatment groups received either high or low doses of anti-C5 monoclonal antibody. After 48 h, the rats were euthanized, blood was drawn to evaluate systemic inflammation and to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The remaining kidney was removed for pathological evaluation and intra-renal complement activation.<b>Results:</b> I/R induced significant intra-renal complement activation and systemic inflammation compared with unilateral nephrectomy group. The anti-C5 antibody ameliorated the intra-renal complement activation (intra-renal C3 and C6), reduced systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein, and systemic C3), decreased intra-renal acute tubular necrosis damage and improved GFR (seen by the sensitive marker, serum cystatin C; 1.63 mg/L (I/R + placebo), 1.36 mg/L (I/R + low dose) and 1.21 mg/L (I/R + high dose), <i>p</i> = .08 and .03 compared with I/R + placebo).<b>Conclusion:</b> In I/R-induced AKI, the monoclonal anti-C5 complement factor ameliorates intra renal complement activation, decreases local and systemic inflammation and may improve GFR.
A call admission control scheme for ATM networks using a simple quality estimate (1991)

The authors propose a call admission control scheme based on a method of estimating cell loss quality for individual bursty traffic sources. The estimate is expressed in terms of virtual cell loss probability, which may be defined by two traffic characteristic parameters alone: peak and mean rate. The approach is suitable for the estimation of real cell loss probability in heterogeneous and homogeneous traffic models when burst length is larger than buffer capacity. The concept of virtual cell loss probability is extended to the individual call level so as to be able to estimate the quality of service (QOS) provided to individual calls. A virtual bandwidth method is used to develop a practical call admission control system. Quality is ensured by combining a traffic clustering scheme, with a scheme for assigning individual clusters to subcapacities of a link. Priority levels are presented in terms of the class of QOS required, i.e., deterministic or statistical, and the allocation of virtual bandwidth is discussed in terms of both QOS class and traffic characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Automation in teleoperation from a man-machine interface viewpoint (1984)

Teleoperation can be defined as the use of robotic devices having mobility, manipulative and some sensing capabilities, and remotely controlled by a human operator. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and exemplify technology issues related to the use of robots as man-extension or teleoperator systems in space. The main thrust of the paper is focused at research and development in the area of sensing- and computer-based automation from the viewpoint of man-machine interface devices and techniques. The objective of this R and D effort is to render space teleoperation efficient and safe through the use of devices and techniques which will permit integrated and task-level ('intelligent') two-way control communication between human operator and teleoperator machine in earth orbit.
A Survey of Augmented Reality Technologies, Applications and Limitations (2010)

A Survey of Augmented Reality Technologies, Applications and Limitations
Treatment of non-healing sternum wound after open-heart surgery with allogenic platelet-rich plasma and fibrin glue-preliminary outcomes (2013)

Our study suggests, in the first approach, PFG can be used safely in order to heal a non healing sternum wound following coronary artery bypass surgery.
Supramolecular Chirality: Chiral hydrogen‐bonded supermolecules from achiral molecular components (1998)

Abstract Chiral supermolecules may be obtained from suitable achiral molecular constituents associated through a dissymmetrizing interaction mode. This is the case for the supermolecules I–IV formed by hydrogen‐bonding association between the achiral complementary components 1a , b and 2a , b , c . The crystal structures of the supermolecular pairs I–III and of the homochiral aggregate of two ternary supermolecules IV have been determined. The structural data are discussed.
Paclitaxel alters the evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from rat sensory neurons in culture (2014)

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a debilitating and dose-limiting side effect of treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel. Understanding the effects of paclitaxel on sensory neuronal function and the signaling pathways which mediate these paclitaxel-induced changes in function are critical for the development of therapies to prevent or alleviate the PN. The effects of long-term administration of paclitaxel on the function of sensory neurons grown in culture, using the release of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) as an endpoint of sensory neuronal function, were examined. Dorsal root ganglion cultures were treated with low (10 nM) and high (300 nM) concentrations of paclitaxel for 1, 3, or 5 days. Following paclitaxel treatment, the release of CGRP was determined using capsaicin, a TRPV1 agonist; allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a TRPA1 agonist; or high extracellular potassium. The effects of paclitaxel on the release of CGRP were stimulant-, concentration-, and time-dependent. When neurons were stimulated with capsaicin or AITC, a low concentration of paclitaxel (10nM) augmented transmitter release, whereas a high concentration (300 nM) reduced transmitter release in a time-dependent manner; however, when high extracellular potassium was used as the evoking stimulus, all concentrations of paclitaxel augmented CGRP release from sensory neurons. These results suggest that paclitaxel alters the function of sensory neurons in vitro, and suggest that the mechanisms by which paclitaxel alters neuronal function may include functional changes in TRP channel activity. The described in vitro model will facilitate future studies to identify the signaling pathways by which paclitaxel alters neuronal sensitivity.
Discovering 'The dream of the thylacine' (2015)

'The Dream of the Thylacine' is a rich and beautifully moving picture book by Margaret Wild and Ron Brooks. This powerful and versatile text offers great depth for close and critical study in Stages 4 and 5, and a breadth of opportunity for study as a related text in Stage 6.