gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mesentery as a Laminated Vascular Bed for Hepatocyte Transplantation (1994)

The small bowel mesentery provides a unique structure of a large vascularized surface area to support hepatocyte transplantation. Cell-seeded polymeric matrices can be juxtaposed in a relatively atraumatic manner between leaves of mesentery such that adequate exchange of nutrients and diffusion of gases can proceed in the interim while neovascularization occurs. Hepatocytes obtained from (RHA) Wistar rats by collagenase perfusion were seeded onto non-woven filamentous sheets of polyglycolic acid 1 x 3 cm in size and 2 mm thickness to a density of 500,000 cells/cm2. Twenty-six recipient Gunn rats (UDP-glucuronyl transferase deficient) underwent laparotomy. Hepatocyte-ladened polymer sheets were placed between leaves of mesentery. Eight sheets were placed per animal and the leaves were approximated, creating a functional implant 1 x 3 x 2 cm. Biopsies between 5-99 days after implantation revealed neovascularization, moderate inflammatory reaction and the presence of viable hepatocytes in 96% (25/26). Immunoperoxidase studies using anti-albumin antibody substantiated hepatocyte specific function in implants. HPLC profiles of bile from Gunn rats transplanted with hepatocytes from congeneic (RHA) rats demonstrated the presence of bilirubin conjugates. There were no conjugation fractions seen in control gunn rats without hepatocyte transplantation. Although total serum bilirubin did not significantly decrease, conjugated bilirubin was identified in 46% (12/26) animals after transplantation with congeneic hepatocytes. We conclude that the mesentery of the small bowel provides a large vascularized surface for cell transplantation. Large numbers of metabolically active hepatocytes can engraft, vascularize, and show function. The mesentery may be a potential bed for clinical hepatocyte transplantation.
Parametric study of on-body dual-band antenna performance : dependence on the human body morphology (2011)

International audience
Figure S4 from DNA Methylome Analyses Implicate Fallopian Tube Epithelia as the Origin for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Methylation of HOX genes in HGSC, FTE, and OSE.&lt;/p&gt;
Adjacent Upstream Activation Sequence Elements Synergistically Regulate Transcription of ADH2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)

A 22-base-pair (bp) inverted repeat present in the ADH2 promoter is an upstream activation sequence (UAS1) which confers ADR1-dependent activation upon a heterologous Saccharomyces cerevisiae promoter. UAS1 was nonfunctional when placed within an intron 3' to the transcription start site. The 11-bp sequence which constitutes one-half of the UAS1 palindrome did not activate transcription in a single copy, as direct repeats, or in an inverted orientation opposite to that of ADH2 UAS1. Furthermore, two pairs of symmetrical point mutations within UAS1 significantly reduced activation. This result suggests that a specific orientation of sequences within UAS1 is necessary for ADR1-dependent activation. We determined that an ADR1-dependent complex was formed with UAS1 and, to a lesser extent, with the nonfunctional 11-bp half palindrome. However, the 11 bp did not confer UAS activity, suggesting that ADR1 binding is not sufficient for activation in vivo. ADR1 did not bind to mutant UAS1 sequences in vitro, indicating that their decreased activation is attributable to a reduced affinity of ADR1 for these sequences. We also identified an additional 20-bp ADH2 element (UAS2) that increased the expression of CYC1-lacZ 20-fold when combined with UAS1. UAS2 permitted ADR1-independent, glucose-regulated expression of the hybrid gene. Consistent with this observation, ADR1 did not form a detectable complex with UAS2. Deletion of UAS2 at the chromosomal ADH2 locus virtually abolished ADH2 derepression and had no effect on glucose repression.
β-Diketiminato Calcium and Magnesium Amides; Model Complexes for Hydroamination Catalysis (2009)

In a study relevant to group 2-mediated hydroamination catalysis, the reaction of the beta-diketiminato magnesium alkyl complex [{ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr}Mg((n/s)Bu)] (Ar = 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3)) with benzylamine, 2-methoxyethylamine, pyrrolidine, and 2-methyl-4,4-diphenylpyrrolidine has been shown to yield the corresponding magnesium amide complexes [{ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr}Mg(NR(1)R(2))] (R(1) = H, R(2) = CH(2)Ph, CH(2)CH(2)OMe; R(1) = R(2) = -(CH(2))(4)-, -CH(Me)CH(2)CPh(2)CH(2)-) within the first point of analysis (30 min) at room temperature in near quantitative yield as monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Reactions proceeded non-reversibly, and the products have been characterized in both solution and the solid state. While single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the magnesium amides are dimeric in the solid state, with aggregation occurring via mu(2)-coordinated amide ligands, NMR studies suggest that for more sterically crowded amide ligands discreet monomeric species exist in solution. In contrast, the calcium complex [{ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr}Ca{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(THF)] reacted reversibly with benzylamine at room temperature to form an equilibrium mixture of a calcium benzylamide and bis(trimethylsilyl)amide. A series of Pulsed-Gradient Spin-Echo NMR studies upon beta-diketiminato calcium amides were consistent with the formation of a dimer in solution. A van't Hoff analysis performed on this mixture allowed DeltaH degrees = -51.3 kJ mol(-1) and DeltaS degrees = -134 J mol(-1) of the protonolysis/dimerization reaction to be derived and the Gibbs' free energy to be calculated as DeltaG degrees (298 K) = -11.4 kJ mol(-1).
In Vivo Effects of Pancreatic Elastase I--Studies on the Serum Inhibitors (1974)

Varying amounts of crystalline porcine pancreatic elastase were injected iv into puppies in order to study its effect in vivo on elastic tissue (21) and on serum elastase inhibitors. Serum inhibitors to pancreatic elastase and to trypsin, were determined in blood samples drawn at intervals after injection. The serum elastase inhibition level decreased 3-5 hr after elastase injection. The decrease was a function of the amount of enzyme injected and reached the highest levels at 80-200 mg elastase injected. The decrease of elastase inhibitor titer with injected elastase suggests a dissociable enzyme-inhibitor complex (es). No parallelism was observed between serum inhibitor titers to elastase and to trypsin. The trypsin inhibitor titer dropped only exceptionally and did not follow at any time the kinetics of the elastase inhibitors. The elastase inhibitor titer returned to normal 24 hr after injection of 20-150 mg of enzyme but only partial recovery was observed in this interval with higher doses. The relatively low affinity of the serum inhibitors to elastase may explain the tissue lesions observed even at low doses of elastase injected (20 mg).
Analog behavioral modeling of magnetoresistive sensors (2010)

A behavioral circuit model of anisotropic magneto resistance (AMR) sensors that operates by modulating the drive bias on soft-adjacent-layer is developed. The non-linear extrinsic behavior of the sensor is modeled by constructing a two-dimensional (2D) polynomial at DC level for the variation of the sensor drive current controlled by the self bias of the sensor and magnetic field bias. Analog Behavioral Model is used to implement the model in SPICE. The simulation of second harmonic (2f) sensitivity signal and its comparison to the experimental data in a bridge configuration is presented. The comparison made with the experimental data permits the accurate prediction of 2f measurement for AMR sensors.
The glutathione-activated thiopurine prodrugs trans-6-(2-acetylvinylthio)guanine and cis-6-(2-acetylvinylthio)purine cause less in vivo toxicity than 6-thioguanine after single- and multiple-dose regimens. (2002)

trans-6-(2-Acetylvinylthio)guanine (trans-AVTG) and cis-6-(2-acetylvinylthio)purine (cis-AVTP) are glutathione-activated prodrugs of 6-thioguanine (6-TG) and 6-mercaptopurine, respectively. In tumor cell lines, these prodrugs exhibit similar IC50 values that are comparable to or lower than those of 6-TG and 6-mercaptopurine, respectively. In this study, the in vivo toxicity and metabolism of the prodrugs were assessed. Mice given multiple treatments of 6-TG and, to a lesser extent, trans-AVTG exhibited decreased peripheral WBC and RBC counts and increased myeloid:erythroid ratios in bone marrow; no change was observed in mice given cis-AVTP. Similarly, intestinal epithelial crypt cell apoptosis was more extensive in mice treated with 6-TG than in those treated with trans-AVTG, whereas mice given cis-AVTP had little apoptosis. Epithelial crypt cell apoptosis was more extensive in the small intestine than in the large intestine in all treatment groups. Histopathological examination detected no kidney or liver toxicity, whereas mild increases in the activities of hepatocellular leakage enzymes were observed in mice treated with trans-AVTG. Only metabolites of trans-AVTG and cis-AVTP were recovered in urine. A higher fraction of the dose was recovered in urine as the parent thiopurine and the metabolites thiopurine riboside, thioxanthine, and thiouric acid after 6-TG treatment than after trans-AVTG treatment; cis-AVTP recovery was slightly less than that of 6-TG. Thioxanthine and thiouric acid comprised a higher fraction of the recovered dose after cis-AVTP treatment than after trans-AVTG or 6-TG treatment. Overall, the results suggest that the prodrugs exhibit less in vivo toxicity than 6-TG. Thus, investigations into their antitumor efficacy are warranted.
MEK/ERK Signaling in β Cells Bifunctionally Regulates β-cell Mass and Glucose-stimulated Insulin-secretion Response to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis (2021)

In diabetic pathology, insufficiency in β-cell mass unable to meet peripheral insulin demand and functional defects of individual β cells to produce insulin are often concurrently observed, collectively causing hyperglycemia. Here we show that the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is significantly decreased in the islets of &lt;i&gt;db/db&lt;/i&gt; mice as well as in those of a cohort of subjects with type 2 diabetes. In mice with abrogation of ERK signaling in pancreatic β cells through deletion of &lt;i&gt;Mek1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Mek2&lt;/i&gt;, glucose intolerance aggravates under high-fat diet-fed conditions due to insufficient insulin production with lower β-cell proliferation and reduced β-cell mass, while in individual β cells dampening of the number of insulin exocytosis events is observed, with the molecules involved in insulin exocytosis being less phosphorylated. These data reveal bifunctional roles for MEK/ERK signaling in β cells for glucose homeostasis, i.e., in regulating β-cell mass as well as in controlling insulin exocytosis in individual β cells, thus providing not only a novel perspective for the understanding of diabetes pathophysiology but also a potential clue for new drug development for diabetes treatment.
Various mortars for anti-fouling purposes in marine environments (2014)

The antifouling properties for some mortars with steel making slags were investigated by real marine immersion tests and a unique laboratory acceleration tests with a specially devised biofilm acceleration reactors. Mortars mixed with steel making slags containing abundant iron elements tended to form biofilm and also bifouling. The two kinds of biofilm formation tests were used in this study. Real immersion in marine environments and laboratory test with a specially devised biofilm acceleration reactor. The former evaluated the biofouling characteristics more properly, while the latter did the biofilm formation characteristics more effectively.
ABCC transporters mediate insect resistance to multiple Bt toxins revealed by bulk segregant analysis (2014)

The current results show the involvement of different members of the ABCC family in the mode of action of B. thuringiensis proteins and expand the role of the ABCC2 transporter in B. thuringiensis resistance beyond the Cry1A family of proteins to include Cry1Ca.
An assay of relative cell wall porosity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1990)

We have developed a new assay to determine relative cell wall porosity in yeasts, which is based on polycation-induced leakage of UV-absorbing compounds. Polycations with a small hydrodynamic radius as measured by gel filtration (poly-L-lysine) caused cell leakage independent of cell wall porosity whereas polycations with a large hydrodynamic radius (DEAE-dextrans) caused only limited cell leakage due to limited passage through the cell wall. This allowed the ratio between DEAE-dextran- and poly-L-lysine-induced cell leakage to be used as a measure of cell wall porosity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Using this assay, we found that the composition of the growth medium affected cell wall porosity in S. cerevisiae. In addition, we could show that cell wall porosity is limited by the number of disulphide bridges in the wall and is dependent on cell turgor. It is argued that earlier methods to estimate cell wall porosity in S. cerevisiae resulted in large underestimations.
Distribution and immunochemical characterization of a keratin-like antigen in epithelial tumors using mouse and human monoclonal antibodies. (1988)

Using conventional murine hybridoma technology, we have produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb), 89E5, which recognizes two keratin-like polypeptides (Mr 53,000 and 45,000), which are preferentially expressed by epithelial tumors. In addition to detection of tumor cells by immunohistochemistry, MAb 89E5 was able to localize to tumor xenografts in nude mice after iodination of its F(ab')2 fragments. To develop potentially less immunogenic antibodies to antigens defined by MAb 89E5, studies were performed to produce a human counterpart to the mouse MAb. The mouse 89E5 MAb was used to purify the 89E5 polypeptides from tumor cell lines. The partially purified 89E5 antigen was then used to sensitize human splenic lymphocytes in vitro. Immortalization of the sensitized cells by cell fusion resulted in a human IgM MAb, PA1, which showed the same reactivity pattern on a panel of cell lines as did the mouse MAb 89E5. Immunofluorescent studies showed that both 89E5 and PA1 had staining patterns on epithelial cells indicative of antibodies to cytokeratin. Furthermore, PA1 immunoprecipitated two polypeptides (Mr 53,000 and 45,000) which comigrated with the 89E5 polypeptides. Competitive binding assays showed that the PA1 MAb and 89E5 MAb recognized closely associated epitopes. As with the 89E5 MAb, PA1 was reactive with tumor tissues in immunohistochemical studies. These studies indicate that the PA1 MAb is a human counterpart of the mouse 89E5 MAb. Direct comparison of human MAb and mouse MAb against the same antigen could yield valuable information on the efficacy of using human MAb in vivo.
Design of compliance in robots (2003)

Because today's manipulators are generally limited to position-control functions and burdened by the excessive mass implicit in their machine-tool design assumptions, a novel design is proposed to overcome these limitations and lead to lighter, faster, and more useful robots. An elbow-manipulator design with highly geared motors is suggested in which the forelimb is made flexible in one plane, and is light in comparison to the loads. The compliant limb is located between kinematically redundant joints that can rotate the limb, thereby adjusting the manipulator end-point compliance. Nonlinear techniques can be used to augment vibration damping. Such a manipulator can carry out force-control and low-compliance tasks as well as conventional position-controlled functions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Graphene‐Based Materials in Regenerative Medicine (2015)

Graphene possesses many unique properties such as two-dimensional planar structure, super conductivity, chemical and mechanical stability, large surface area, and good biocompatibility. In the past few years, graphene-based materials have risen as a shining star on the path of researchers seeking new materials for future regenerative medicine. Herein, the recent research advances made in graphene-based materials mostly utilizing the mechanical and electrical properties of graphene are described. The most exciting findings addressing the impact of graphene-based materials on regenerative medicine are highlighted, with particular emphasis on their applications including nerve, bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle, cardiac, skin, adipose tissue regeneration, and their effects on the induced pluripotent stem cells. Future perspectives and emerging challenges are also addressed in this Review article.
The evolution of carrier ethernet services-requirements and deployment case studies [next-generation carrier ethernet] (2008)

Carrier Ethernet is one of the fastest growing areas in the data communication field in recent years. In particular, the combination of MPLS core transport technologies in conjunction with IEEE 802.1ah in aggregation is one of the most interesting recent developments in the Carrier Ethernet evolution. This article provides a brief overview of the Ethernet technologies and requirements from the perspective of the service provider. We use three deployment case studies to illustrate the use of different technologies and discuss network design considerations. We identify the important factors influencing network design decisions and the future work in building Carrier Ethernet networks and services.
A Theory of Intra-Agent Replanning (2013)

david.smith @ nasa.gov When autonomous agents execute in the real world, the world state as well as the objectives may change from the agent’s original conception of those things. In such cases, the agent’s planning process must modify the existing plan to make it amenable to the new conditions, and to resume execution. The need for inter-agent replanning, in terms of commitments to other agents, is understood in the multi-agent systems com-munity. Such inter-agent replanning also motivates an intra-agent replanning problem for each individual agent. How-ever, the single-agent planning community has mostly limited its view of replanning to reducing the computational effort in-volved, by minimally perturbing the current plan structure to replan. This is not very appropriate as a general model for intra-agent replanning, which may consist of various tech-niques that are employed according to the scenario at hand. In this paper, we present a general replanning problem that is built on various types of replanning constraints. We show that these constraints can model different types of replanning, in-cluding the similarity-based approaches used in the past and sensitivity to commitments made to other agents. Finally, we show that partial satisfaction planning provides a good sub-strate for modeling this general replanning problem. 1
Structural Change and Catalytic Activity of Horseradish Peroxidase in Oxidative Polymerization of Phenol (2001)

The effects of solvent and reaction conditions on the catalytic activity of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were investigated for oxidative polymerization of phenol in water/organic mixtures using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Also, the structural changes of HRP were investigated by CD and absorption spectroscopy in these solvents. The results suggest that the yield of phenol polymer (the conversion of phenol to polymer) is strongly affected by the reaction conditions due to the structural changes of HRP, that is, the changes in higher structure of the apo-protein and dissociation or decomposition of the prosthetic heme. Optimum solvent compositions for phenol polymerization depend on the nature of the organic solvents owing to different effects of the solvents on HRP structure. In addition to initial rapid changes, slower changes of HRP structure occur in water/organic solvents especially at high concentrations of organic solvents. In parallel with these structural changes, catalytic activity of HRP decreases with time in these solvents. At higher reaction temperatures, the yield of the polymer decreases, which is also ascribed to modification of HRP structure. It is known that hydrogen peroxide is an inhibitor of HRP, and the yield of phenol polymer is strongly dependent on the manner of addition of hydrogen peroxide to the reaction solutions. The polymer yield decreases significantly when hydrogen peroxide was added to the reaction solution in a large amount at once. This is probably due to inactivation of HRP by excess hydrogen peroxide. From the CD and absorption spectra, it is suggested that excess hydrogen peroxide causes not only decomposition of the prosthetic heme but also modification of the higher structure of HRP.
Thymidylate Synthase Levels: Prognostic, Predictive, or Both? (2002)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1711 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11919223 Thymidylate Synthase Levels: Prognostic, Predictive, or Both? Carmen AllegraxCarmen AllegraSearch for articles by this author Show More National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1711 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Development of intelligent parking support system for welfare vehicle (2004)

Welfare vehicles are convenient equipments for a senior citizen. Because they have a nonholonomic characteristic, driving them are uneasy. Especially, since the area that can move in the parking lot is limited, the operation is very difficult. To help him parking, an intelligent parking support system by fuzzy control that built in expert's knowledge is developed. This system supports other guidance means such as voice information and image information. In this paper, the effectiveness of the developed system is shown by testing the operation support.
State of the Art of Chemosensors in a Biomedical Context (2022)

Healthcare is undergoing large transformations, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of personalized medicine and disease prevention. It is now well accepted that the levels of certain biological molecules found in blood and other bodily fluids, as well as in exhaled breath, are an indication of the onset of many human diseases and reflect the health status of the person. Blood, urine, sweat, or saliva biomarkers can therefore serve in early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, but also in monitoring disease progression, detecting metabolic disfunctions, and predicting response to a given therapy. For most point-of-care sensors, the requirement that patients themselves can use and apply them is crucial not only regarding the diagnostic part, but also at the sample collection level. This has stimulated the development of such diagnostic approaches for the non-invasive analysis of disease-relevant analytes. Considering these timely efforts, this review article focuses on novel, sensitive, and selective sensing systems for the detection of different endogenous target biomarkers in bodily fluids as well as in exhaled breath, which are associated with human diseases.