gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of Cytochrome P450 2E1-Catalyzed Oxidation of Ethanol to Acetic Acid via Acetaldehyde (1999)

The P450 2E1-catalyzed oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde is characterized by a kinetic deuterium isotope effect that increases K(m) with no effect on k(cat), and rate-limiting product release has been proposed to account for the lack of an isotope effect on k(cat) (Bell, L. C., and Guengerich, F. P. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 29643-29651). Acetaldehyde is also a substrate for P450 2E1 oxidation to acetic acid, and k(cat)/K(m) for this reaction is at least 1 order of magnitude greater than that for ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde. Acetic acid accounts for 90% of the products generated from ethanol in a 10-min reaction, and the contribution of this second oxidation has been overlooked in many previous studies. The noncompetitive intermolecular kinetic hydrogen isotope effects on acetaldehyde oxidation to acetic acid ((H)(k(cat)/K(m))/(D)(k(cat)/K(m)) = 4.5, and (D)k(cat) = 1.5) are comparable with the isotope effects typically observed for ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde, and k(cat) is similar for both reactions, suggesting a possible common catalytic mechanism. Rapid quench kinetic experiments indicate that acetic acid is formed rapidly from added acetaldehyde (approximately 450 min(-1)) with burst kinetics. Pulse-chase experiments reveal that, at a subsaturating concentration of ethanol, approximately 90% of the acetaldehyde intermediate is directly converted to acetic acid without dissociation from the enzyme active site. Competition experiments suggest that P450 2E1 binds acetic acid and acetaldehyde with relatively high K(d) values, which preclude simple tight binding as an explanation for rate-limiting product release. The existence of a rate-determining step between product formation and release is postulated. Also proposed is a conformational change in P450 2E1 occurring during the course of oxidation and the discrimination of P450 2E1 between acetaldehyde and its hydrated form, the gem-diol. This multistep P450 reaction is characterized by kinetic control of individual reaction steps and by loose binding of all ligands.
Correspondence between Surface Tension Estimated by a Surface Thermodynamic Model and Number of Bubbles in the Vicinity of the Surface of Steel Products in Continuous Casting Process (2013)

Surface tensions of low carbon slabs and 16 mass%Cr stainless steel were estimated using a surface thermodynamic model proposed by Mukai et al. As an application of the model, an index to evaluate the driving force for the fine bubble entrapment by the solidifying shell, the Mukai-value, M, was calculated from the surface tension values. The relationship between Mukai-value and number of entrapped bubbles was discussed. A linear relationship was found between the number of captured bubbles and Mukai-value. In the previous work, the Mukai-value was used as a relative scale to evaluate the driving force for the movement of bubbles. However, by calculating the M from the surface tension values by the surface thermodynamic model, physically reasonable Mukai-values could be obtained.
Assembly of the Mitochondrial Membrane System (1973)

The biosynthetic origin of cytochrome oxidase has been studied in yeast using specific inhibitors of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis. Rabbit antiserum against cytochrome oxidase has been employed to selectively precipitate the enzyme from crude Triton extracts of submitochondrial particles. Yeast aerated in derepression medium containing cycloheximide synthesize the three largest subunit proteins of cytochrome oxidase. These proteins are not synthesized when cells are aerated in the presence of chloramphenicol, an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis. It is concluded that the three largest subunit polypeptides of cytochrome oxidase are translated on mitochondrial ribosomes.
Synthetic studies on isoquinoline alkalids. I. An efficient synthesis of 9,10-substituted protoberberine alkalids. (1975)

Three synthetic routes leading to the 9, 10-disubstituted tetrahydroprotoberberine derivative (4a) were investigated. The third route involving a four-step reaction sequence starting from homoisovanillinic acid (13b) afforded 3-benzyloxy-9, 10-dimethoxy-tetrahydroprotoberberine (4a) in 65% over-all yield providing the most efficient and general synthesis of the hitherto not easily available 9, 10-disubstituted protoberberine alkaloids. The key step in this synthesis was effective conversion of 13b into the 7, 8-disubstituted isochromanone derivative (28b) which required specific introduction of hydroxymethyl into the position ortho to the phenolic function in 13b. This was nicely effected our newly discovered general method for ortho-(α-hydroxy)-alkylation of phenols using benzeneboronic acid.
Abstract 21: Effects of the Selective NLRP3-Inflammasome Inhibitor MCC950 on Post-Resuscitation Myocardial and Cerebral Function in a Rat Model of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (2019)

Introduction: NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis has been demonstrated to increase myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. MCC950 is a newly developed highly selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Hypothesis: MCC950 administered following resuscitation will reduce the severity of post-resuscitation myocardial and cerebral dysfunction and improve duration of survival in a rat model of CPR. Methods: 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting between 450-550 g were randomized into three groups: 1) MCC950 2) Control 3) Sham. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced and untreated for 6 min. CPR was then initiated and continued for 8 min. Resuscitation was attempted with a 4 J defibrillation. Either MCC950 (10mg/kg) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneal (IP) in line with cardiac injury animal studies immediately after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Sham underwent the same surgical procedure without VF and CPR. Sublingual microcirculation was measured at baseline (BL), 3, 6 and 48 hrs after ROSC. Ejection fraction (EF) was measured at BL, 1, 3, 6 and 48 hrs after ROSC. Neurologic Deficit Score (NDS) was recorded at 48 hrs after resuscitation. Results: Post-resuscitation ejection fraction and perfused sublingual vessel density were greater in MCC950 compared to control (p&lt;0.05). NDS was also improved in MCC950 compared to control (110 vs 425, p&lt;0.05). Survival at 48 hrs after ROSC was greater in MCC950 (4/5 vs 1/5, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Administration of MCC950 following ROSC mitigates post-resuscitation myocardial and cerebral dysfunction, improves sublingual microcirculation and duration of survival in a rat model of CPR.
Instruction for Authors (2016)

Instead of providing a classic template to be filled in by authors, we decided that it would be more useful to present an example that makes it easy to build LTEX source files designed for the review process of Acta Acustica united with Acustica. The .tex source file of the required format can be downloaded from the Acta Acustica united with Acustica webpage. To ensure the submission process as fast as possible, attention of the authors is paid on the style, design and format of figures that will be submitted (see §2.3): vector graphic format (except for photographs), separate files, size of a width of 75 mm (text should remain readable at this size), lines must be distinguishable in black and white printing (only the online version of the manuscript is in colour).
Organocatalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Dihydroarenes by Dioxygen Using 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-benzoquinone (DDQ) and NaNO2 (2008)

The oxidative dehydrogenation of dihydroarenes catalyzed by 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-benzoquinone(DDQ) and NaNO(2) with dioxygen is reported. The combination of DDQ and NaNO(2) showed high efficiency and high selectivity, compared with other benzoquinones and anthraquinones, e.g., >99% conversion of 9,10-dihydroanthracene with 99% selectivity for anthracene can be obtained at 120 degrees C under 1.3 MPa O(2) for 8 h. Excellent results were achieved in the oxidative dehydrogenation of variety of dihydroarenes.
Calculation of Reaction Rate Constants in the Canonical and Microcanonical Ensemble (2018)

Canonical instanton theory is a widespread approach to describe the dynamics of chemical reactions in low temperature environments when tunneling effects become dominant. It is a semiclassical theory which requires locating classical periodic orbits on the upside-down potential energy surface, so-called instantons, and the computation of second order quantum corrections. The calculation of these corrections usually involves a matrix diagonalization. In this paper we present an alternative approach, which requires to solve only linear systems of equations involving sparse matrices. Furthermore, the proposed method provides a reliable and numerically stable way to obtain stability parameters in multidimensional systems, which are of particular interest in the context of microcanonical instanton theory.
Abstract 12012: Maltohexaose-indocyanine Green (mh-icg) for Near Infrared Imaging of Bacterial Endocarditis (2019)

Background: Early diagnosis of endocarditis has been a clinical challenge, especially with prosthetic valve endocarditis. We have previously shown that maltodextrin-based imaging probes are interna...
Analysis of dc-Link Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase PWM Inverters (2018)

The three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) is de facto standard in power conversion systems. To realize high power density systems, one of the items to be correctly addressed is the design and selection of the dc-link capacitor in relation to the voltage switching ripple. In this paper, effective formulas for designing the dc-link capacitor as a function of the switching voltage ripple amplitude are obtained, considering the operating conditions such as the modulation index and the output current amplitude. The calculations are obtained considering the requirements and restrictions referring to the high (switching)-frequency dc-link voltage ripple component. Analyses have been performed considering the dc source impedance (non-ideal dc voltage source at the switching frequency) and a balanced load. Analytical expressions are derived for the dc-link voltage switching ripple amplitude and its maximum value over the fundamental period. Different values of modulation index and output phase angle have been considered and different diagrams are presented. Analytical results were validated both by simulations and comprehensive experimental tests.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)-Scabronine G via Intramolecular Double Michael Reaction and Prins Cyclization (2011)

The enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-scabronine G is described. The key features of the present synthesis include the construction of a 5-6 ring system containing two quaternary carbon centers via a diastereoselective intramolecular double Michael reaction and the formation of a seven-membered ring using a Prins cyclization.
Determination of the primary elastic constants from thin foils having a strong texture (1982)

A new method is described for determining the primary elastic constants (stiffnesses cij’s and compliances sij’s) with respect to the crystallographic axes. Although we will consider only cubic materials the method can be applied to materials of lower symmetry. The method utilizes the symmetry present in a textured (preferred growth) foil and can be used for cases when bulk single crystals are difficult to prepare for ultrasonic experiments. The method involves the use of expressions, that have not been previously derived, relating the biaxial, flexural, Young’s and shear modulus to the primary elastic constants for textured foils. The agreement of the experimentally observed moduli with ones calculated from the expressions to be presented demonstrates that the accuracy is comparable with existing methods.
Event-driven simulation and modeling of an RF oscillator (2004)

A novel simulation technique which uses an event-driven VHDL simulator to model phase noise behavior of an RF oscillator for wireless applications is proposed and demonstrated. The oscillator phase noise characteristic comprising of flat electronic noise, as well as, upconverted thermal and 1/f noise regions are described using time-domain equations and simulated as either accumulative or non-accumulative random perturbations of the fundamental oscillator period. The VHDL simulation environment was selected for its high simulation speed, the direct correlation between the simulated and built circuits and its ability to model mixed-signal systems of high complexity. The presented simulation technique has been successfully applied and validated in a Bluetooth transceiver IC fabricated in a digital 130 nm process.
Ultra-shallow Boron Profile Fitting Compensating for Surface Contamination by Utilizing Genetic Algorithms (2003)

MIRAI Project, Advanced Semiconductor Research Center (ASRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568 Japan Phone: +81-29-861-5377 E-mail: m.murakawa@aist.go.jp Research Center for Nanodevices and Systems, Hiroshima University 1-4-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527 Japan Semiconductor Leading Edge Technologies, Inc. (Selete) 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569 Japan
Improved cost-based algorithm for task scheduling in cloud computing (2010)

Cloud computing has been build upon the development of distributed computing, grid computing and virtualization. Since cost of each task in cloud resources is different with one another, scheduling of user tasks in cloud is not the same as in traditional scheduling methods. The objective of this paper is to schedule task groups in cloud computing platform, where resources have different resource costs and computation performance. Due to job grouping, communication of coarse-grained jobs and resources optimizes computation/communication ratio. For this purpose, an algorithm based on both costs with user task grouping is proposed. The proposed scheduling approach in cloud employs an improved cost-based scheduling algorithm for making efficient mapping of tasks to available resources in cloud. This scheduling algorithm measures both resource cost and computation performance, it also improves the computation/communication ratio by grouping the user tasks according to a particular cloud resource's processing capability and sends the grouped jobs to the resource.
Entrevista a Emilio Lamo de Espinosa, director del Real Instituto Elcano de Estudios Internacionales y Estratégicos (2004)

En esta entrevista se tratan diversos asuntos de politica internacional. Primeramente se analiza el terrorismo internacional y su influencia en Espana a raiz del atentado del 11 de marzo en Madrid. Otro de los asuntos tratados es el posicionamiento de Espana en la Union Europea y en sus relaciones con Estados Unidos. Finalmente Emilio Lamo de Espinosa responde a preguntas sobre los conflictos internos de Iberoamerica, la futura ampliacion de la Union Europea y los acuerdos de paz entre India y Pakistan.
Nested-PCR as a tool for the detection and differentiation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in patients with sepsis-septic shock (2012)

Associating high morbid-mortality with sepsis makes it necessary to have a rapid detection and identification of the causal microorganism. The objective of this study is on the standardization and use of the nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the differentiation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in patients with sepsis-septic shock. PCR, using whole blood from clinically healthy individuals with various concentrations of bacterial DNA (0.5 pg to 0.5 ng) from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was standardized. Additionally, the method was assayed in patients from Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the University Hospital in Puebla, Mexico. Samples were drawn from 10 adults (25 samples) and 21 children (40 samples) diagnosed with sepsis. Each sample was assayed by nested-PCR and blood culture. Nested-PCR sensitivity results were different among bacterial DNAs assayed. The nested-PCR was positive (89%) in samples from patients with a positive blood culture. The nested-PCR was also positive (12%) in samples with negative blood culture, but with a documented sepsis. Nested-PCR described here needs additional confirmation as a diagnostic tool of sepsis. This method, which uses whole blood, could be an additional auxiliary in combination with blood culture for the early diagnosis and the selection of a specific antimicrobial therapy against sepsis.

	 

	Key words: Sepsis-septic shock, nested- polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sepsis diagnosis.
Correction to: Cardiac sarcomere mechanics in health and disease (2023)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00840-7.].
A comparison of assays for the response of primary human T-cells upon stimulation with interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interleukin-7. (1992)

The most commonly used assay to quantitate the response of peripheral T-cells upon stimulation with growth factors is determination of incorporated [3H]TdR. We compared this test to three other methods: 1. direct counting of cells with a Coulter type counter as reference assay, 2. a colorimetric assay using the tetrazolium dye 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT), which is a cheap and increasingly popular non-radioactive method and 3. incorporation of the thymidine analog 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine detection with a monoclonal antibody on cytospins. Primary human PHA-blasts from greater than 30 healthy individuals were stimulated with IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 and assayed with up to four different methods. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the assays used and the effects of differences between cell preparations. We observed no significant variations between individuals for the dose dependence, but the relative efficiency of IL-4 compared to IL-2 and IL-7 was variable. This was probably due to the slower response observed upon stimulation with this factor.
OntoPIM: From Personal Information Management to Task Information Management (2006)

Titziana Catarci Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica “A. Ruberti” Universit `a di Roma “La Sapienza” Via Salaria, 113 00198 Rome, Italy catarci@dis.uniroma1.it Benjamin Habegger Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica “A. Ruberti” Universit `a di Roma “La Sapienza” Via Salaria, 113 00198 Rome, Italy habegger@dis.uniroma1.it Antonella Poggi Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica “A. Ruberti” Universit `a di Roma “La Sapienza” Via Salaria, 113 00198 Rome, Italy poggi@dis.uniroma1.it Yannis Ioannidis Dept. of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Hellas yannis@di.uoa.gr
The Principle of “Borrowed Feedback” and Application to Control and Observation for Systems with Varying Delay (2015)

This short paper first explains the general principle of “borrowed feedback” for linear systems with constant input delay, and in its dual form of observation with delayed measurements. This is of interest in problems where the external interaction with the system incurs a delay. One application is the control of systems over a network. In this case the delay cannot be considered constant, but depends on a congestion state of the network. It is shown that if the causality constraint, which imposes an upper bound on the rate of change of the delay, does not hold the design method fails to give consistent results.
Efficiently evaluating the effect of color gamut and spectral bandwidth on observer metamerism in high dynamic range displays (2021)

Abstract Observer metamerism (OM), which likely causes potential issues in high dynamic range (HDR) displays due to those formidable peak luminance and color gamut required, is examined in this work using simulations. The simulations focus on investigating how OM in HDR displays would vary with chromaticity gamut and peak luminance level changes, proposing a new OM index, OMM. The effects of additional factors noteworthy on OM, such as reference white level, age, and spectral characteristics, are discussed. Finally, a simple metric capable of predicting observer metamerism between displays with less computational complexity, O M M N , is introduced. The simulation results showed that observer metamerism magnitudes between displays tend to depend on the similarity in spectral bandwidth between paired displays, in addition to the fact that narrow‐band primary displays generally cause larger metameric failures. Besides, the effect of changes in peak luminance on observer metamerism was found to be relatively small, increasing OMM by 7%–8% when peak luminance doubles. Notably, the proposed efficient metric O M M N outperforms metrics based on spectral similarity by also factoring in inter‐observer variability. In addition, the proposed metric's performance with 10 categorical observers, O M M N , 10 , is nearly as good as that with thousands more computations. O M M N , 10 is recommended as a reliable and efficient metric to evaluate OM between HDR displays.
Analysis of the Robustness Margin of SISO Control Systems with Plant Parametric Uncertainty. (1997)

In this work a recently developed robustness margin index is used for analysis of typical single input single output(SISO)control systems with plant parametric uncertainty. This easily computed index is very useful in that it considers the magnitude of the errors in the plant parameters explicitly rather than implicitly as is done with other existing techniques such as the open loop frequency response gain and phase margins. The usefulness of this robustness margin index is underlined by the three treated examples.
Sfixem—graphical sequence feature display in Java (2004)

Sfixem is available for direct usage or download for local usage at http://sfixem.cgb.ki.se. A protein sequence analysis workbench using Sfixem is available at http://sfinx.cgb.ki.se.