gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the Nuclear Localization of the Heterodimeric DNA Fragmentation Factor (Icad/Cad) (2000)

Programmed cell death or apoptosis leads to the activation of the caspase-activated DNase (CAD), which degrades chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal fragments. Biochemical studies revealed that CAD forms an inactive heterodimer with the inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (ICAD), or its alternatively spliced variant, ICAD-S, in the cytoplasm. It was initially proposed that proteolytic cleavage of ICAD by activated caspases causes the dissociation of the ICAD/CAD heterodimer and the translocation of active CAD into the nucleus in apoptotic cells. Here, we show that endogenous and heterologously expressed ICAD and CAD reside predominantly in the nucleus in nonapoptotic cells. Deletional mutagenesis and GFP fusion proteins identified a bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) in ICAD and verified the function of the NLS in CAD. The two NLSs have an additive effect on the nuclear targeting of the CAD-ICAD complex, whereas ICAD-S, lacking its NLS, appears to have a modulatory role in the nuclear localization of CAD. Staurosporine-induced apoptosis evoked the proteolysis and disappearance of endogenous and exogenous ICAD from the nuclei of HeLa cells, as monitored by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Similar phenomenon was observed in the caspase-3-deficient MCF7 cells upon expressing procaspase-3 transiently. We conclude that a complex mechanism, involving the recognition of the NLSs of both ICAD and CAD, accounts for the constitutive accumulation of CAD/ICAD in the nucleus, where caspase-3-dependent regulation of CAD activity takes place.
Low Mach Number Modeling of Type Ia Supernovae. I. Hydrodynamics (2006)

We introduce a low Mach number equation set for the large-scale numerical simulation of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs experiencing a thermonuclear deflagration. Since most of the interesting physics in a Type Ia supernova transpires at Mach numbers from 0.01 to 0.1, such an approach enables both a considerable increase in accuracy and savings in computer time compared with frequently used compressible codes. Our equation set is derived from the fully compressible equations using low Mach number asymptotics, but without any restriction on the size of perturbations in density or temperature. Comparisons with simulations that use the fully compressible equations validate the low Mach number model in regimes where both are applicable. Comparisons to simulations based on the more traditional anelastic approximation also demonstrate the agreement of these models in the regime for which the anelastic approximation is valid. For low Mach number flows with potentially finite amplitude variations in density and temperature, the low Mach number model overcomes the limitations of each of the more traditional models and can serve as the basis for an accurate and efficient simulation tool.
Correlation-based hardware prefetching (1996)

Correlation-based prefetching is a technique to observe and record spatial links between temporal events and address references in a processor with the goal of predicting what data will be needed by the processor. The main contribution of this dissertation is that correlation-based prefetching is shown to be an effective technique for prefetching data into a data cache, by observing the cache-miss traffic.
This thesis examines the issues that are critical to the performance of correlation-based prefetching. First, intrinsic qualities of test programs are studied which indicate the potential for using correlations for prefetching. Metrics of linked and strided spatial locality indicate the potential of correlation-based prefetching.
Hardware prefetching works because there often exists predictable patterns in the references of programs. Hardware correlation-based prefetching seeks to allow prefetching in the situations not easily handled by compilers or characterized by simple stride patterns. It is shown to be very efficient in such cases. Correlation-based prefetching is a complementary technique to compiler-controlled prefetching or stride-based prefetching done in hardware.
Specifically, this thesis examines mechanisms for construction of temporal events that are used as triggers for prefetching. These temporal events should be good indicators of the context of a program. A flexible mechanism for pairing temporal events with addresses, called the horizon and skip model, is shown to be useful for increasing the accuracy of prefetching for some applications.
Confirmation mechanisms are studied. They allow for a tradeoff between the coverage of memory accesses predicted and accuracy of prefetching.
An important issue in prefetching is where to store the accumulated prefetching meta-data. We examine the effects of varying the capacity of a table used to store this meta-data as well as a novel mechanism for storing the meta-data in a large, pre-existing secondary cache. We examine an alternative approach involving a hybrid prefetcher that combines a stride and pure correlation-based prefetcher.
The hybrid mechanism is shown to dramatically reduce the pair storage requirements of correlation-based prefetching.
Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence: Advanced Analysis Tools (2020)

Advanced methods for QAF analysis link basic findings with clinical observations in normal aging and in the diseased macula.
Frontispiz: Long‐Range Cationic Disordering Induces two Distinct Degradation Pathways in Co‐Free Ni‐Rich Layered Cathodes (2023)

Batteries. In their Research Article (e202214880), Weibo Hua, Wei Tang, Sylvio Indris, Xiaodong Guo et al. synthesized a series of Ni-rich Li(NiAl)O2 oxides through tailoring the heating temperature. The oxides with high cation disorder experience a comparably homogeneous fatigue process upon extended cycling.
Prefiltration enhances performance of sterile filtration for glycoconjugate vaccines (2021)

Recent studies have reported very low capacity during sterile filtration of glycoconjugate vaccines due to rapid fouling of the sterile filter. The objective of this study was to explore the potential for significantly increasing the capacity of the sterile filter through the use of an appropriate prefilter. Data were obtained using prefilters with different pore size and chemistry, with the sterile filtration performed at constant filtrate flux using 0.22 μm nominal pore size Durapore® polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. Prefiltration through 5 μm pore size Durapore® or Nylon prefilters nearly eliminated the fouling of the sterile filter, leading to more than a 100-fold reduction in the rate of pressure increase for the sterile filter. This dramatic improvement in sterile filter performance was due to the removal of large components (greater than 1 μm in size) as confirmed by dynamic light scattering. These results demonstrate the potential of using large pore size prefilters to significantly enhance the performance of the sterile filtration process for the production of important glycoconjugate vaccines.
Catalytic cracking process with vanadium passivation (1991)

This paper discusses a process for the catalytic cracking of metal-containing hydrocarbonaceous feedstock. It comprises contacting the feedstock under cracking conditions with a dual component catalyst composition. The catalyst composition comprises a first component comprising an active cracking catalyst; and a second component, as a separate and distinct entity, the second component comprising the following materials: a calcium and magnesium containing material selected from the group consisting of dolomite, substantially amorphous calcium magnesium silicate, calcium magnesium oxide, calcium magnesium acetate, calcium magnesium carbonate, and calcium magnesium subcarbonate; a magnesium containing material comprising a hydrous magnesium silicate; and a binder selected from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, silica-alumina, and combinations thereof.
Development of an Explicitly Filtered Large-Eddy Simulation Framework for the Coherent-vorticity Preserving (CvP) Eddy Viscosity Correction (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2748.vid In this manuscript we explore the extension of the Coherent-vorticity Preserving (CvP) eddy-viscosity correction technique (Chapelier et al. J. Comput. Phys. 2018) to an explicitly-filtered large-eddy simulation (EFLES) framework. The goal is to achieve grid independent results while only applying the subgrid-scale (SGS) closure in regions approaching breakdown to turbulence. We show that with the fully-compressible EFLES formalism considered, there is a low sensitivity to the grid when applied to a standard Smagorinsky closure using the high-order framework of Cart-P. A detailed derivation of this formulation is provided with special consideration given to the nonlinear and subfilter terms. Similar modifications are brought to the CvP architecture including a fix of the physical filter width of the test-filtered and grid filtered enstrophy to a user-defined input length scale, and the application of the same cut-off length scale to the Kolmogorov spectrum expression used to close the CvP model. We find that the CvP closure better captures the energetic content in the controlled spectral domain; however, it is less reactive to the explicit filtering process and requires a greater degree of grid refinement to reach convergence.
Fatigue Crack-Growth Resistance of Aluminum Alloys Under Spectrum Loading. Volume 2. Aluminum Lithium Alloys. (1985)

Abstract : The objective of this program is to develop metallurgical guidelines and test methodologies for selection and development of spectrum fatigue-resistant, high-strength aluminum alloys of aircraft structural application. This volume (II) describes the results of characterizations of six experimental alloys containing substantial amounts of lithium. Chemistry, temper, and grain structure were varied to produce systematically controlled microstructures. The six alloys were characterized for chemically composition, microstructure, tensile properties, and fracture toughness. Fatigue crack propagation (FCP) tests were conducted on specimens of each alloy for both constant-amplitude loading and two F-18 load spectrums. One of the spectrums was dominated by tension loads (TD) and the other spectrum contained tension and compression loads (TC) of nearly equal magnitude. The spectrum FCP testing was performed at the maximum peak stress of 145 MPa (21 ksi). Pertinent fracture surface features were documented on the spectrum fatigue specimens.
Efficacy of Sustained-Release Bupropion in Neuropathic Pain: An Open-Label Study (2000)

This uncontrolled pilot study suggests that bupropion may be an effective and tolerated treatment for some patients with neuropathic pain. Blockade of norepinephrine reuptake may mediate this effect. The role of dopamine reuptake blockade is uncertain. A larger randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is currently underway to confirm these preliminary results.
Laterally tapered undercut active waveguide fabricated by simple wet etching method for vertical waveguide directional coupler (2008)

A novel structure, namely a laterally tapered undercut active-waveguide (LTUAWG) for an optical spot-size converter (SSC) is proposed and demonstrated in this paper. Using a selectively undercut-etching-active-region (UEAR) on a laterally tapered ridge to define a LTUAWG, a vertical waveguide directional coupler (VWGDC) can be fabricated simply by a wet etching-based technique. The VWGDC comprises a top LTUAWG and a bottom passive waveguide (PWG). An electroabsorption modulator (EAM) is monolithically integrated with a LTUAWG-VWGDC serving as the connecting active waveguide (AWG) and the optical transmission testing device. Through a loss budget analysis on an EAM-integrated VWGDC, an optical mode transfer loss of -1.6 dB is observed between the PWG and the AWG. By comparing the reverse directions of optical excitation, the identical optical transmission relations with bias are observed, further verifying the high efficiency properties in a SSC. Optical misalignment tolerance is employed to test the two transferred optical modes. 1dB misalignment tolerance of +/-2.9 microm (horizontal) and +/-2.2 microm (vertical) is obtained from the PWG, which is better than the value of +/-1.9 microm (horizontal) and +/-1.6 microm (vertical) from the AWG. Far-field angle measurement shows 6.0 degrees (horizontal) 9.3 degrees (vertical) and 11 degrees (horizontal) x 20 degrees (vertical) for the PWG and the AWG, respectively, exhibiting the capability of a mode transformer. All of these measurements are also examined by a 3D beam propagation method (BPM) showing quite consistent results. In this wet etching technique, no regrowth is needed during processing. Furthermore, UEAR processing controlled by in situ monitoring can lead to a simple way for submicron-size processing, showing that a highly reliable processing technique can thus be expected. A low cost of fabrication can also be realized, indicating that this method can be potentially used in optoelectronic integration.
Establishment of a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of Devriesea agamarum in Lizards (2023)

(1) Background: <i>Devriesea</i> (<i>D.</i>) <i>agamarum</i> is a potential cause of dermatitis and cheilitis in lizards. The aim of this study was to establish a real-time PCR assay for the detection of <i>D. agamarum</i>. (2) Methods: Primers and probe were selected targeting the 16S rRNA gene, using sequences of 16S rRNA genes of <i>D. agamarum</i> as well as of other bacterial species derived from GenBank. The PCR assay was tested with 14 positive controls of different <i>D. agamarum</i> cultures as well as with 34 negative controls of various non-<i>D. agamarum</i> bacterial cultures. Additionally, samples of 38 lizards, mostly <i>Uromastyx</i> spp. and <i>Pogona</i> spp., submitted to a commercial veterinary laboratory were tested for the presence of <i>D. agamarum</i> using the established protocol. (3) Results: Concentrations of as low as 2 × 10<sup>4</sup> colonies per mL were detectable using dilutions of bacterial cell culture (corresponding to approximately 200 CFU per PCR). The assay resulted in an intraassay percent of coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.31% and an interassay CV of 1.80%. (4) Conclusions: The presented assay is able to detect <i>D. agamarum</i> in clinical samples, decreasing laboratory turn-around time in comparison to conventional culture-based detection methods.
Packet Switching in Radio Channels: Part II--The Hidden Terminal Problem in Carrier Sense Multiple-Access and the Busy-Tone Solution (1975)

We consider a population of terminals communicating with a central station over a packet-switched multiple-access radio channel. The performance of carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) [1] used as a method for multiplexing these terminals is highly dependent on the ability of each terminal to sense the carrier of any other transmission on the channel. Many situations exist in which some terminals are "hidden" from each other (either because they are out-of-sight or out-of-range). In this paper we show that the existence of hidden terminals significantly degrades the performance of CSMA. Furthermore, we introduce and analyze the busy-tone multiple-access (BTMA) mode as a natural extension of CSMA to eliminate the hidden-terminal problem. Numerical results giving the bandwidth utilization and packet delays are shown, illustrating that BTMA with hidden terminals performs almost as well as CSMA without hidden terminals.
GenABEL: an R library for genome-wide association analysis (2007)

http://cran.r-project.org.
ABO Mismatching and Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia—a Report from the ALWP of the EBMT (2017)

Background: About 30-50% of HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) are performed with ABOmismatch (ABO-MM) donor, which can be classified as either major, minor or bidirectional. The impact of ABO-MM on clinical outcome after HCT remains controversial and no large series is available to study the impact of ABO-MM in patients (pts) receiving haploidentical-HCT (haplo-HCT). Methods: 837 pts with AML that underwent haplo-HCT from January 2005 to December 2014 were analyzed to study the long term impact of ABO-mismatching in haplo-HCT. The comparative analysis was performed between pts receiving ABO-matched vs. ABO-MM for common outcome variables. Results: 522 (62%) pts received ABO-matched whereas 315 (38%) underwentABO-MMhaplo-HCT including 150 (18%) minor ABOMM (minor-A, 75 [50%]), 127 (15%) major ABO-MM (major-O, 98 [77%]) and 38 (5%) bidirectional ABO-MM (Bidirectional-A, 20 [53%]). Median agewas 42 years (range, 18-77) andwas not significantly different between ABO groups (P = .67). The median follow-up period was 36 months (IQR, 23-53). Median year of transplantationwas 2011. More than half of ptswere in CR1 and nearly one third of pts were with active disease prior to transplantation. 497 (59%) pts received ablative and 340 (41%) reduced intensity or non-ablative conditioning regimen. 219 (26%) of pts received BM, 240 (29%)BM+PB, 378 (45%) PB alone and 123 (15%) ex-vivo T-cell depleted grafts. There were no significant differences in distributions of pts and transplant characteristics among ABO- groups. 771 (94%) pts engrafted and the percentage of engraftmentwas lower in the major mismatch group (88% vs 95% in other group, P = .007). The cumulative incidences (CI) of day 100 grade II-IV acute GVHDwas 31% (III-IV, 10%) and the 3-year CI of chronic GVHD was 31% (95% CI, 27-34), and were not significantly different between the ABO-groups (P = .124 and .392). There was no differences in OS, RI, and NRM between ABOgroups. Bidirectional ABO-group had improved 3-year LFS (67%) and GFRS (54%) compared to other ABO-group in univariate analysis. Therewas no impact of ABO-MM when T-cells replete and T-depleted groups analyzed separately. In multivariate analysis, our data showed no significant differences in OS, LFS, RI, NRM, and chronic GVHD between ABO-groups. The analyses were performed separately for pts receiving PB and BM+/-PB grafts. There was no statistical difference between ABO-groups for OS, LFS, RI, NRM, GFRS and chronic GVHD in pts receiving PB grafts. However, among BM group, pts with minor ABO-MM recipients had significantly higher acute GVHD (HR 2; 95% CI, 1-4; P = .048) without impacting other transplant outcome. Conclusion: Despite the limitation of a retrospective registry based study, our large series shows no significant long term outcome difference between ABO matched and mismatched groups after haplo-HCT in current era.
The Molecular Structures of (t-Butyl)(chloro)[(−)-sparteine]magnesium(II) and Dichloro[(−)-sparteine]magnesium(II) (1983)

Abstract Crystals of t-BuMgCl–(−)-sparteine (1) belongs to orthorhombic system; P212121, a=25.689(6), b=10.030(2), c=7.942(2) Å, and Z=4; MgCl2–(−)-sparteine (2) also crystallizes in orthorhombic system; P212121, a=11.180(4), b=11.957(4), c=12.573(5) Å, and Z=4. Both structures were solved by the heavy atom method, and refined by the block-diagonal least-squares procedure; (1) R=0.098 for 1199 non-zero reflections and (2) R=0.091 for 1347 observed reflections. The Mg atom in each complex has a distorted tetrahedral geometry: (1) Mg–N=2.17(2) and 2.18(2), Mg–C=2.19(2), and Mg–Cl=2.332(7) Å and N–Mg–N=83.9(5)°; (2) Mg–N=2.150(9) and 2.160(9), and Mg–Cl=2.269(5) and 2.279(6) Å, and N–Mg–N=85.0(4)°.
Representations of the diffeomorphism group describing an infinite Bose gas in the presence of ideal vortex filaments (1990)

A number of representations of the group of volume preserving diffeomorphisms of M=S3 in the finite-volume case and M=R3 in the infinite-volume case that describe a Bose gas in the presence of a vortex filament are examined. The core of the vortex is taken to lie along a curve γ. Let Dif f γμ(M) be the group of volume preserving diffeomorphisms that map γ onto itself, Mγ the manifold M with γ removed, and Map(Mγ,T) the space of smooth maps of Mγ into the complex numbers of modulus unity. It is shown, using the formalism of Klauder [J. Math. Phys. 11, 233 (1970)], that an infinite number of inequivalent representations of Dif f γμ(M) exist in the infinite-volume limit using cyclic vectors, which are coherent states based on elements in Map(Mγ,T). It is found, however, that these states have questionable physical significance since they appear to violate the continuity equation for quantum probability flow. This leads to the postulation that Dif f γμ(M) acts as gauge group. The representations of Dif f γμ(M) are then used to construct induced representations of the full group volume preserving diffeomorphisms of M, which are realized in the Hilbert space over the space of unparametrized loops in M in a natural way. These latter representations are found to be essentially the ones under current study in quantum hydrodynamics [G. A. Goldin, R. Menikoff, and D. H. Sharp, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2162 (1987)].
The partial synthesis of isodelphinine. (1982)

Formal total synthesis of isodelphinine (1) was achieved. Isodelphonine (3), an alkamine of (1), was synthesized from chasmanine (2), the key intermediates being olefines (8), (13), 15-β-alcohols (10), (14) and 15-ketones (11), (15). And then isodelphonine (3) was converted to isodelphinine (1) by the selective O-acylations.
A 14-bit 10-MHz calibration-free CMOS pipelined A/D converter (2002)

A 14-bit 10-MHz sampling analog-to-digital converter has been realized without calibration in a double-poly 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The ADC utilizes a 4-stage pipelined architecture with a wide-band sample-and-hold amplifier and achieves the highest resolution reported to date at 10 MHz. The chip occupies a die area of 19 mm/sup 2/, uses a single 5 V supply voltage, and dissipates only 210 mW. Measured DNL and INL are /spl plusmn/0.7 LSB and /spl plusmn/2.5 LSB, respectively. The SNR and THD for a 1 MHz input signal are 81 dB and -87 dB, respectively.
Analysis of the Thermal Impact on Gamma Titanium Aluminide by Grinding with Internal Coolant Supply Based on Experimental Investigation and Transient Thermal Simulation (2015)

Gamma titanium aluminide as an intermetallic alloy is considered to be one of the materials which can substitute nickel based super-alloys in high duty applications e.g. in turbines of aircrafts. In this respect the grindability of γ-TiAl alloys is of high importance despite of the restrictions due to the alloy's thermal and metallurgical characteristics. High temperatures in the grinding zone effect the formation of micro cracks during the grinding operation. A more efficient cooling by an internal cooling supply can be seen as a suitable approach to tackle this obstacle. Thus the coolant flow is directly induced into the grinding zone through the abrasive. This kind of lubrication allows the reduction of the flow rate and a more effective cooling of the temperature sensitive materials, respectively. In order to investigate the effects of an internal coolant supply experimental investigations has been performed and the thermal impact on the workpiece has been detected by measurement. A newly designed measuring device based on a thermocouple, which is mounted on a ball screw, enables the automated adjustment in the workpiece according to the actual depth of cut. The results of these investigations are used as boundary conditions for a transient thermal simulation. Based on the finite element model the real grinding zone temperature can be calculated with respect to the influences of the heat transfer rate and the thermal inertia of the thermocouple as well as of the workpiece material