gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Zn‐related necrosis in tobacco is enhanced by expressing AtHMA4 and depends on the apoplastic Zn levels (2012)

AtHMA4 was previously shown to contribute to the control of Zn root-to-shoot translocation and tolerance to high Zn. However, heterologous expression of 35S::AtHMA4 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) results in enhanced Zn sensitivity. This study provides a better understanding of the development of this Zn-sensitive phenotype and demonstrates that substantial modifications of Zn homeostasis occur due to AtHMA4 expression. We show that ectopically expressing AtHMA4 in tobacco results in overloading the root and leaf apoplast with Zn. The tissue and cellular distribution of Zn, monitored using Zinpyr-1, was altered in the AtHMA4-expressing plants compared with wild type. Increased loading of the leaf apoplast with Zn in AtHMA4 transformants induced necrosis; this appeared at lower levels of Zn supply in the transgenics compared with wild type. This study suggests that Zn concentration may be sensed in the apoplast of leaves, and if concentrations are above a certain threshold then particular groups of cells accumulate Zn and necrosis is initiated. Therefore, this could be considered as a mechanism for protecting the other parts of the photosynthetically active leaf from Zn toxicity.
p57KIP2 expression and loss of heterozygosity during immortal conversion of cultured human mammary epithelial cells. (1999)

We have uncovered a novel role for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p57KIP2, during the immortalization of cultured human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). HMECs immortalized after chemical carcinogen exposure initially expressed little or no telomerase activity, and their telomeres continued to shorten with passage. Cell populations whose mean terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length declined to < or = 3 kb exhibited slow heterogeneous growth and contained many nonproliferative cells. These conditionally immortal HMEC cultures accumulated large quantities of p57 protein. With continued passage, the conditionally immortal cell populations very gradually converted to a fully immortal phenotype of good uniform growth, expression of high levels of telomerase activity, and stabilization of telomere length. The fully immortal HMECs that grew well did not accumulate p57 in G0 or during the cell cycle. DNA and RNA analysis of mass populations and individual subclones of conditionally immortal HMEC line 184A1 showed that continued growth of conditionally immortal cells with critically short telomeres was repeatedly accompanied by loss of the expressed p57 allele and transient expression of the allele imprinted previously. Conditionally immortal 184A1 with mean TRF > 3 kb, infected with retroviruses containing the p57 gene, exhibited premature slow heterogeneous growth. Conversely, exogenous expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of telomerase, in 184A1 with mean TRF > 3 kb prevented both the slow heterogeneous growth phase and accumulation of p57 in cycling populations. These data indicate that in HMECs that have overcome replicative senescence, p57 may provide an additional barrier against indefinite proliferation. Overcoming p57-mediated growth inhibition in these cells may be crucial for acquisition of the unlimited growth potential thought to be critical for malignant progression.
Non-contact, real-time monitoring of heart rate with a Webcam with application during water-bed massage (2016)

Techniques for measuring physiological signals are gathering a lot of attention in recent years. In many cases, the techniques require to make direct contact between the physiological signal sensors with the subject's skin. Several studies were proposed to measure heart rate (HR) with standard web cameras under the condition that the subject is keeping the quiescent state. In this paper, we propose a new technique for measuring HR which allows the subject head movements during water-bed massage. For comparison purpose, HR was measured simultaneously using an electrocardiography (ECG) device during all sessions of the experiment. The result shows that our proposed technique is able to improve the accuracy of HR measurement and reduce the processing time to nearly one-third of the existing method. Our approach could be beneficial for applications that require real-time HR monitoring during subject's head is moving.
PDI-4A: An Augmented Provisional Screening Instrument Assessing 5 Additional Common Anxiety-Related Diagnoses in Adult Primary Care Patients (2011)

Patients with nonpsychotic mental health and emotional problems are commonly seen by primary care physicians. The objective of this study was to expand the Provisional Diagnostic Instrument-4 (PDI-4) to include a short self-report screen for 5 common anxiety-related diagnoses: panic attack (PA), social phobia (SP), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), hypochondriasis, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Primary care patients (N = 343) were originally evaluated with a self-report screen comprised of 85 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition symptom-based candidate questions, then interviewed by a trained rater for Structured Clinical Interview Research Version (SCID)/Adult ADHD Clinician Diagnostic Scale version 1.2 (ACDS) assessment and diagnosis. Responses to screening questions were used to calculate sensitivity and specificity for an SCID diagnosis, and to select the optimal cutoffs in symptom frequency for 1 or 2 questions for each additional anxiety-related diagnosis. The PDI-4 Anxiety (PDI-4A) contains 6 items for provisional differential diagnosis of PA, SP, OCD, hypochondriasis, and PTSD in addition to items for the PDI-4. Sensitivities/specificities were: PA, 88%/68%; SP, 57%/70%; OCD, 88%/61%; hypochondriasis, 67%/85%; and PTSD, 71%/72%. Screening for multiple common anxiety diagnoses may be desirable, although limitations may include reduced sensitivity and specificity for selected diagnoses. The PDI-4A may additionally help primary care physicians identify patients with PA, SP, OCD, hypochondriasis, and PTSD.
Insight into crystal structures and identification of potential styrylthieno[2,3- b ]pyridine-2-carboxamidederivatives against COVID-19 Mpro through structure-guided modeling and simulation approach (2023)

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs are urgently needed to prevent the pandemic and for immunization. Their protease inhibitor treatment for COVID-19 has been used in clinical trials. In Calu-3 and THP1 cells, 3CL SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease is required for viral expression, replication, and the activation of the cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-. The Mpro structure was chosen for this investigation because of its activity as a chymotrypsin-like enzyme and the presence of a cysteine-containing catalytic domain. Thienopyridine derivatives increase the release of nitric oxide from coronary endothelial cells, which is an important cell signaling molecule with antibacterial activity against bacteria, protozoa, and some viruses. Using DFT calculations, global descriptors are computed from HOMO-LUMO orbitals; the molecular reactivity sites are analyzed from an electrostatic potential map. NLO properties are calculated, and topological analysis is also part of the QTAIM studies. Both compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were designed from the precursor molecule pyrimidine and exhibited binding energies (-14.6708 kcal/mol and -16.4521 kcal/mol). The binding mechanisms of molecule <b>1</b> towards SARS-COV-2 3CL Mpro exhibited strong hydrogen bonding as well as Vdw interaction. In contrast, derivative <b>2</b> was bound to the active site protein's active studied that several residues and positions, including (His41, Cys44, Asp48, Met49, Pro52, Tyr54, Phe140, Leu141, Ser144, His163, Ser144, Cys145, His164, Met165, Glu166, Leu167, Asp187, Gln189, Thr190, and GLn192) are critical for the maintenance of inhibitors inside the active pocket. Molecular docking and 100 ns MD simulation analysis revealed that Both compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> with higher binding affinity and stability toward the SARS-COV-2 3CL Mpro protein. Binding free energy calculations and other MD parameters support the finding.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
A Survey of Different Residential Energy Consumption Controlling Techniques for Autonomous DSM in Future Smart Grid Communications (2013)

In this work, we present a survey of residential load controlling techniques to implement demand side management in future smart grid. Power generation sector facing important challenges both in quality and quantity to meet the increasing requirements of consumers. Energy efficiency, reliability, economics and integration of new energy resources are important issues to enhance the stability of power system infrastructure. Optimal energy consumption scheduling minimizes the energy consumption cost and reduce the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) as well as peak load demand in peak hours. In this work, we discuss different energy consumption scheduling schemes that schedule the household appliances in real-time to achieve minimum energy consumption cost and reduce peak load curve in peak hours to shape the peak load demand.
Influence of support on K promotion of Ru for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (1982)

Different classes of Ru catalysts were prepared using various supports, namely SiO/sub 2/, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, SMSI titania, graphite, and zeolite Y. Various amounts of K were added to the different catalysts, and the catalytic activity and distribution of hydrocarbons for the various catalysts at 280/sup 0/C are tabulated. The addition of K significantly enhanced olefin formation and higher hydrocarbon production for SiO/sub 2/- and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-supported Ru catalysts, but the rate of synthesis was decreased by the addition. With Ru/graphite catalysts, K preferentially promoted propylene formation at 1 atm pressure. Alkali promotion of Ru catalysts resulted in production of the olefin fraction of the C/sub 2/-C/sub 4/ hydrocarbons becoming a weak function of the reaction temperature. (BLM)
Abstract 83: Preconditioning With Periodic Acceleration (pGz) Prior To Whole Body Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Ameliorates Myocardial Stunning And Arrhythmias (2007)

Periodic acceleration (pGz) consists of sinusoidal, head to foot motion of the supine body achieved with a motion platform. pGz produces pulsatile shear stress on the vascular endothelium in vivo a...
Egypte - Israël: le traité de paix et le droit international (1980)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point? (2017)

Recent clinical, genetic and biochemical experimental evidences highlight the existence of common molecular pathways underlying neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will explore a key common pathological mechanism, i.e., the loss of neuroprotective factors, across the three major neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). We will report evidences that the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), the most investigated and characterized brain neurotrophin, progranulin, a multi-functional adipokine with trophic and growth factor properties, and cystatin C, a neuroprotective growth factor, are reduced in AD, FTD, and LBD. Moreover, we will review the molecular mechanism underlying the loss of neuroprotective factors in neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia, with a special focus on endo-lysosomal pathway and intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles. Exploring the shared commonality of disease mechanisms is of pivotal importance to identify novel potential therapeutic targets and to develop treatments to delay, slow or block disease progression.
Neurology of consciousness impairments (2013)

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On constructing complex grid multi‐wing hyperchaotic system: Theoretical design and circuit implementation (2010)

SUMMARY This paper further investigates some novel methods for generating complex grid multi‐wing hyperchaotic attractors from four‐dimensional (4D) quadratic hyperchaotic systems, based on our previous works. First, a modified double‐wing hyperchaotic Lü system by using non‐uniform variable scaling transformation is obtained, and n ‐wing hyperchaotic system equipped with a duality‐symmetric multi‐segment quadratic function is also constructed. Then, by switching control in the z direction, mirror symmetry conversion and rotation transformation, three classes of n × m ‐wing hyperchaotic systems are respectively realized. Finally, two types of improved module‐based circuits are designed for generating various grid multi‐wing hyperchaotic attractors. One characteristic of the proposed approaches lies in their generality, which is also suitable for constructing 4D grid multi‐wing hyperchaotic Lorenz and Chen systems. Both numerical simulation and circuit implementation have demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Texture analysis of speckle in optical coherence tomography images of tissue phantoms (2004)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging modality capable of acquiring cross-sectional images of tissue using back-reflected light. Conventional OCT images have a resolution of 10-15&mu;m, and are thus best suited for visualizing tissue layers and structures. OCT images of collagen (with and without endothelial cells) have no resolvable features and may appear to simply show an exponential decrease in intensity with depth. However, examination of these images reveals that they display a characteristic repetitive structure due to speckle. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the application of statistical and spectral texture analysis techniques for differentiating living and non-living tissue phantoms containing various sizes and distributions of scatterers based on speckle content in OCT images. Statistically significant differences between texture parameters and excellent classification rates were obtained when comparing various endothelial cell concentrations ranging from 0 cells/ml to 25 million/ml. Statistically significant results and excellent classification rates were also obtained using various sizes of microspheres with concentrations ranging from 0 microspheres/ml to 500 million microspheres/ml. This study has shown that texture analysis of OCT images may be capable of differentiating tissue phantoms containing various sizes and distributions of scatterers.
Fraud detection within bankcard enrollment on mobile device based payment using machine learning (2018)

The rapid growth of mobile Internet technologies has induced a dramatic increase in mobile payments as well as concomitant mobile transaction fraud. As the first step of mobile transactions, bankcard enrollment on mobile devices has become the primary target of fraud attempts. Although no immediate financial loss is incurred after a fraud attempt, subsequent fraudulent transactions can be quickly executed and could easily deceive the fraud detection systems if the fraud attempt succeeds at the bankcard enrollment step. In recent years, financial institutions and service providers have implemented rule-based expert systems and adopted short message service (SMS) user authentication to address this problem. However, the above solution is inadequate to face the challenges of data loss and social engineering. In this study, we introduce several traditional machine learning algorithms and finally choose the improved gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithm software library for use in a real system, namely, XGBoost. We further expand multiple features based on analysis of the enrollment behavior and plan to add historical transactions in future studies. Subsequently, we use a real card enrollment dataset covering the year 2017, provided by a worldwide payment processor. The results and framework are adopted and absorbed into a new design for a mobile payment fraud detection system within the Chinese payment processor.
The Use of Specialized Enamel Coatings to Bond Concrete to Steel (2007)

Concrete and steel typically form weak bonds when steel reinforcement is used in concrete. A coupling layer fused to the surface of the steel should be capable of improving the ability of the steel to adhere to the surrounding concrete. Pull-out tests done on smooth steel rods that had been coated with porcelain enamel and also by enamel that was altered by the addition of mineral additives indicate that the mineral additives can increase the force require to extract the rods from a Portland cement mortar embedment. Small increases in maximum pull-out force occurred with enameled test rods abraded with Portland cement. An increase in maximum pullout force that amounted to three times that obtained with bare steel was observed when Portland cement was fused onto the enameled steel. Porcelain enamel is recognized as an excellent method of protecting steel from corrosion. Specially formulated porcelain enamel may serve the dual purpose of protecting the steel reinforcement from concrete and improving the bond of the steel to surrounding concrete.
Substrate binding in the processive cellulase Cel7A: Transition state of complexation and roles of conserved tryptophan residues (2019)

Cellobiohydrolases effectively degrade cellulose and are of biotechnological interest because they can convert lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. Here, we implemented a fluorescence-based method for real-time measurements of complexation and decomplexation of the processive cellulase Cel7A and its insoluble substrate, cellulose. The method enabled detailed kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of ligand binding in a heterogeneous system. We studied WT Cel7A and several variants in which one or two of four highly conserved Trp residues in the binding tunnel had been replaced with Ala. WT Cel7A had on/off-rate constants of 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> m<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> and 5 × 10<sup>-3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, reflecting the slow dynamics of a solid, polymeric ligand. Especially the off-rate constant was many orders of magnitude lower than typical values for small, soluble ligands. Binding rate and strength both were typically lower for the Trp variants, but effects of the substitutions were moderate and sometimes negligible. Hence, we propose that lowering the activation barrier for complexation is not a major driving force for the high conservation of the Trp residues. Using so-called Φ-factor analysis, we analyzed the kinetic and thermodynamic results for the variants. The results of this analysis suggested a transition state for complexation and decomplexation in which the reducing end of the ligand is close to the tunnel entrance (near Trp-40), whereas the rest of the binding tunnel is empty. We propose that this structure defines the highest free-energy barrier of the overall catalytic cycle and hence governs the turnover rate of this industrially important enzyme.
Effects of Stereoscopic and Rotational Displays in a Three-Dimensional Path- Tracing Task (1993)

A series of three experiments investigated the effectiveness of stereoscopic and rotational display techniques for the purpose of establishing human factors guidelines for the design of three-dimensional (3D) displays. In the described experiments, depth perception was evaluated by examining accuracy in a 3D path-tracing task, with stimulus displays resembling the structure of cerebral angiograms. The first experiment allowed subjects to control rotation in dynamic displays. The results indicated that performance improved using either technique relative to viewing two-dimensional (2D) displays. However, rotational displays were superior to stereoscopic displays, and performance was best when both techniques were combined. The second experiment compared subject-controlled rotation with observation of continuously rotating displays at different rates of rotation. Performance declined at faster rotation rates; however, there were no advantages of subject-controlled rotation. In the third experiment, performance in rotational displays was no better than that in stereoscopic displays enhanced with multiple static viewing angles. However, performance was always best when both 3D techniques were jointly implemented. The results are discussed in terms of the visual information available using either 3D display technique and are related to the weighted additive model of depth perception.
Electron states and the spin density wave phase diagram in Cr(1 1 0) films (2005)

Chromium films offer an excellent system to study the impact of dimensional confinement on physical properties associated with the spin-density-wave (SDW) ground state observed in bulk materials. These properties are also of some technological importance since chromium is a common component of thin film magnetic structures. We prepared chromium (1?1?0) films of high crystalline quality on a W(1?1?0) substrate with a wedge-shaped thickness profile so that the impact of confinement can be systematically studied. We have characterized these films using a combination of low-energy electron diffraction and microscopy as well as high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We have probed the Fermi surface and the nesting vectors therein that are relevant to the SDW ground state. We find these to predict accurately the observed bulk SDW periodicity. We have also characterized the SDW periodicity in the film directly by measuring the splitting between backfolded bands, and we find that this periodicity deviates markedly from the bulk periodicity for thinner films at higher temperatures. We have systematically mapped the SDW incommensurability and phase diagram as a function of both film thickness and temperature. We find commensurate and incommensurate phases that are separated by nearly continuous transitions. Our results suggest a simple model to explain the delicate interplay between commensurate and incommensurate phases that involves a balance between SDW stabilization energy and surface and interface energetics.
Anticonvulsants in epileptic fowl. (1984)

The high seizure susceptibility in epileptic fowl is an autosomal recessive trait characterized in homozygotes by seizures that occur spontaneously and in response to photic stimulation or hyperthermia. Both of the latter stimuli can be used to evoke seizures in drug studies. Epileptic fowl have abnormal inter-ictal EEG activity. When exposed to photic stimulation spiking is apparent on the EEG at seizure onset. Phenobarbital, primidone, phenytoin, and valproic acid reduce seizure susceptibility at plasma concentrations approximating those used to control generalized and focal cortical tonic-clonic seizures in humans. Carbamazepine and the benzodiazepines also reduce seizure susceptibility. These data indicate that epileptic fowl provide a useful model for generalized and focal cortical tonic-clonic epilepsies. Ethosuximide was inactive in epileptic fowl. However, trimethadione had anticonvulsant activity indicating that this model is only relatively specific for the above seizure types. When seizures were evoked by hyperthermia phenobarbital but not phenytoin or valproate reduced seizure susceptibility. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), AOAA (amino-oxyacetic acid) and THPO (4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5-c] pyridin-3-ole, a glial specific inhibitor of GABA uptake) all have anticonvulsant activity against seizures evoked by photic stimulation in young chicks. These data indicate that this model may be particularly useful for studies of the anticonvulsant activity of compounds designed to enhance GABAergic transmission.