gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental quantum cryptography with qutrits (2006)

We produce two identical keys using, for the first time, entangled trinary quantum systems (qutrits) for quantum key distribution. The advantage of qutrits over the normally used binary quantum systems is an increased coding density and a higher security margin. The qutrits are encoded into the orbital angular momentum of photons, namely Laguerre-Gaussian modes with azimuthal index l +1, 0 and -1, respectively. The orbital angular momentum is controlled with phase holograms. In an Ekert-type protocol the violation of a three-dimensional Bell inequality verifies the security of the generated keys. A key is obtained with a qutrit error rate of approximately 10 %.
High-Fidelity Quantum Logic Gates Using Trapped-Ion Hyperfine Qubits (2016)

We demonstrate laser-driven two-qubit and single-qubit logic gates with respective fidelities 99.9(1)% and 99.9934(3)%, significantly above the ≈99% minimum threshold level required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, using qubits stored in hyperfine ground states of calcium-43 ions held in a room-temperature trap. We study the speed-fidelity trade-off for the two-qubit gate, for gate times between 3.8 μs and 520 μs, and develop a theoretical error model which is consistent with the data and which allows us to identify the principal technical sources of infidelity.
Effect of ligand substituents of the d-d luminescence of iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of ligand substituents of the d-d luminescence of iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes of 1,10-phenanthrolineRichard J. Watts and J. Van HoutenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 13, 4334–4335Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00820a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00820a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Learning Semantic Categories from Search Clickthrough Logs Using Laplacian Label Propagation (2010)

As the web grows larger, knowledge acquisition from the web has gained increasing attention. Web search logs are getting a lot more attention lately as a source of information for applications such as targeted advertisement and query suggestion. However, it may not be appropriate to use queries themselves because query strings are often too heterogeneous or inspecifiec to characterize the interests of the search user population. the web. Thus, we propose to use web clickthrough logs to learn semantic categories. We also explore a weakly-supervised label propagation method using graph Laplacian to alleviate the problem of semantic drift. Experimental results show that the proposed method greatly outperforms previous work using only web search query logs.
Postoperative Impedance-Based Estimation of Cochlear Implant Electrode Insertion Depth (2023)

Insertion depth estimations of the model were reliable over time when comparing two postoperative computed tomography scans of the same ear. Our results confirm that the impedance-based position estimation method can be applied to postoperative impedance telemetry recordings. Future work needs to address extracochlear electrode detection to increase the performance of the method.
Hydrodynamique d'un lit ruisselant de particules et transfert thermique associé : application au dimensionnement d'un échangeur industriel (1987)

L'hydrodynamique et les caracteristiques thermiques d'un lit ruisselant de solides sur un faisceau tubulaire en presence eventuellement d'un contre-courant de gaz ont ete etudiees. Les informations obtenues permettent une modelisation globale d'un echangeur a pluie de particules. Un exemple de dimensionnement d'une installation de refroidissement de charges solides a ete traite. La trajectoire des particules dans l'echangeur peut etre calculee des lors que l'on connait trois parametres : le coefficient de frottement solides-solides, le coefficient de frottement paroi-solides et le coefficient de restitution tangentiel du choc des solides sur le tube. Differentes installations pour obtenir ces parametres ont ete utilisees. Le coefficient de transfert entre un lit ruisselant de solides et une paroi a ete etudie sur un plan incline de faible longueur. Il depend principalement de la fraction volumique occupee par les solides au niveau de la paroi. Cette fraction volumique est une fonction de la vitesse des solides et du debit. Pour le transfert thermique sur un tube, on distingue deux zones d'echange : la partie superieure du tube ou les solides transferent directement leur chaleur au fluide caloporteur circulant a l'interieur du tube, et la partie inferieure qui echange de la chaleur par convection du gaz et par rayonnement des solides. Les valeurs des coefficients d'echange pour differents solides et differentes conditions operatoires ont ete obtenues. Un certain nombre de criteres devant conduire a une configuration optimale de l'echangeur ont ete degages.
Calcitriol Promotes Differentiation of Glioma Stem-Like Cells and Increases Their Susceptibility to Temozolomide (2021)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor, with a very high rate of recurrence and a median survival of 15 months after diagnosis. Abundant evidence suggests that a certain sub-population of cancer cells harbors a stem-like phenotype and is likely responsible for disease recurrence, treatment resistance and potentially even for the infiltrative growth of GBM. GBM incidence has been negatively correlated with the serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, while the low pH within tumors has been shown to promote the expression of the vitamin D<sub>3</sub>-degrading enzyme 24-hydroxylase, encoded by the <i>CYP24A1</i> gene. Therefore, we hypothesized that calcitriol can specifically target stem-like glioblastoma cells and induce their differentiation. Here, we show, using in vitro limiting dilution assays, quantitative real-time PCR, quantitative proteomics and ex vivo adult organotypic brain slice transplantation cultures, that therapeutic doses of calcitriol, the hormonally active form of vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, reduce stemness to varying extents in a panel of investigated GSC lines, and that it effectively hinders tumor growth of responding GSCs ex vivo. We further show that calcitriol synergizes with Temozolomide ex vivo to completely eliminate some GSC tumors. These findings indicate that calcitriol carries potential as an adjuvant therapy for a subgroup of GBM patients and should be analyzed in more detail in follow-up studies.
Inactivation of Salmonella phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase by oxidation of a specific sulfhydryl group with potassium permanganate. (1975)

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium contains four cysteine residues per subunit. Three of these react readily with 5, 5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), forming an active derivative with kinetic and physical properties similar to the native enzyme, but one reacts only under denaturing conditions. Stoichiometric amounts of KMnO4 inactivate the DTNB-treated enzyme. The loss of activity is correlated with the oxidation of the remaining cysteinyl group to cysteic acid by KMnO4. Amino acid analysis indicates that no other residues are altered. The rate of inactivation of the enzyme is decreased 30-fold by saturatin g concentrations of the substrate ATP. Inorganic phosphate also protects substantially against KMnO4. Titration of the native enzyme with limiting amounts of KMnO4 shows that the sulfhydryl group essential for activity competes effectively with the other sulfhydryl groups for KMnO4. These results suggest that the essential sulfhydryl group is near the active site, and that KMnO4, a phosphate analogue, can act as an active site-directed reagent at the ATP binding site of the enzyme. The KMnO4-oxidized enzyme is more highly aggregated than untreated enzyme and fails to bind ATP appreciably.
Advanced physical models for mask data verification and impacts on physical layout synthesis (2004)

The proliferation and acceptance of reticle enhancement technologies (RET) like optical proximity correction (OPC) and phase shift masking (PSM) have significantly increased the cost and complexity of sub-100 nm photomasks. The photomask layout is no longer an exact replica of the design layout. As a result, reliably verifying RET synthesis accuracy, structural integrity, and conformance to mask fabrication rules are crucial for the manufacture of nanometer regime VLSI designs. In this paper, we demonstrate a physical model based mask layout verification system. The new system consists of an efficient wafer-patterning simulator that is able to solve the process physical equations for optical imaging and resist development and hence can achieve high degree accuracy required by mask verification tasks. It is able to efficiently evaluate mask performance by simulating edge displacement errors between wafer image and the intended layout. We show the capabilities for hot spot detection, line width variation analysis, and process window prediction capabilities with a sample practical layout. We also discuss the potential of the new physical model simulator for improving circuit performance in physical layout synthesis.
Research on Exception Data Cleaning Method Based on Clustering in Hadoop Platform (2017)

In the context of the explosive growth of data, the problem of data quality has become increasingly prominent, and it has become the main factor of data analysis and application. In order to get high-quality data, you need to clean the data. In this paper, the cleaning of the anomaly data is carried out. When the K-means clustering method is used for cleaning, the choice of the initial point is too dependent on the clustering result. At the same time, Large data sets of cleaning is easier to take much time becouse of the increasing numbers of operations. For solve these problems, this paper presents a method of anomaly data cleaning based on clustering under Hadoop platform. Firstly, this method improves the K-means algorithm by using the Canopy algorithm and the "minimum maximum principle" and the weighted Euclidean distance. Then it uses the MapReduce programming model to realize the parallelization of the method. The experimental results show that in the large data environment, using this method for abnormal data cleaning achieved good results whether in accuracy or in terms of speed up.
Landing Probabilities of Random Walks for Seed-Set Expansion in Hypergraphs (2021)

The landing probability of a vertex in a hypergraph is the probability of a random walk ending at the vertex after making a prescribed number of steps. Landing probabilities are of importance for a number of learning tasks on hypergraphs, including higher-order PageRanks and (local) community detection. We perform the first mean-field study of landing probabilities of random walks on hypergraphs and examine clique-expansion and tensor-based methods. In particular, we evaluate the mean-field characteristics of the two methods over a class of random hypergraph models for the task of seed-set community expansion. We determine parameter regimes in which one method outperforms the other and propose a new hybrid expansion method termed “partial clique-expansion” to reduce the projection distortion and reduce the complexity of tensor-based methods on partially expanded hypergraphs.
Inhibition of Regulatory Volume Decrease Enhances the Cytocidal Effect of Hypotonic Shock in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2016)

Background : Hypotonic shock induces cytocidal effects through cell rupture, and cancer therapy based on this mechanism has been clinically administered to hepatocellular carcinoma patients. We herein investigated the effectiveness of hypotonic shock combined with the inhibition of regulatory volume decrease as cancer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods : Morphological changes in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines were observed under a differential interference contrast microscope connected to a high-speed digital video camera. Cell volume changes under hypotonic shock with or without chloride, potassium, or water channel blockers were observed using a high-resolution flow cytometer. In order to investigate cytocidal effects, the number of surviving cells was compared after exposure to hypotonic solution with and without each channel blocker (re-incubation experiment). Results : Video recordings showed that cells exposed to distilled water rapidly swelled and then ruptured. Cell volume measurements revealed regulatory volume decrease under mild hypotonic shock, whereas severe hypotonic shock increased the number of broken fragments as a result of cell rupture. Moreover, regulatory volume decrease was inhibited in cells treated with each channel blocker. Re-incubation experiments showed the cytocidal effects of hypotonic shock in cells exposed to hypotonic solution, and additional treatments with each channel blocker enhanced these effects. Conclusion : The inhibition of regulatory volume decrease with chloride, potassium, or water channel blockers may enhance the cytocidal effects of hypotonic shock in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hypotonic shock combined with the inhibition of regulatory volume decrease was a more effective therapy than hypotonic shock alone.
Siderocalin Outwits the Coordination Chemistry of Vibriobactin, a Siderophore of Vibrio cholerae (2013)

The human protein siderocalin (Scn) inhibits bacterial iron acquisition by binding catechol siderophores. Several pathogenic bacteria respond by making stealth siderophores that are not recognized by Scn. Fluvibactin and vibriobactin, respectively of Vibrio fluvialis and Vibrio cholerae , include an oxazoline adjacent to a catechol. This chelating unit binds iron either in a catecholate or a phenolate-oxazoline coordination mode. The latter has been suggested to make vibriobactin a stealth siderophore without directly identifying the coordination mode in relation to Scn binding. We use Scn binding assays with the two siderophores and two oxazoline-substituted analogs and the crystal structure of Fe-fluvibactin:Scn to show that the oxazoline does not prevent Scn binding; hence, vibriobactin is not a stealth siderophore. We show that the phenolate-oxazoline coordination mode is present at physiological pH and is not bound by Scn. However, Scn binding shifts the coordination to the catecholate mode and thereby inactivates this siderophore.
Preliminary results of large-actuator-count MEMS DM development (2010)

Compensating for atmospheric turbulence in meter-class telescopes and for free-space communications can require deformable mirrors (DM) with hundreds of actuators. Advances in high-contrast imaging techniques and increased telescope sizes require DMs mirrors with thousands of actuators [1]-[3]. In response to these needs, Iris AO has been developing a nearly 500-actuator DM and is conducting pathfinding research into 3000-actuator class DMs. This paper begins with an overview of the segmented DM design and describes improvements made to the DM over the prior year in the areas of speed, high-quality dielectric coatings, and snap-in prevention structures. The paper then describes the next-generation PTT489 DM design and fabrication process. Failure modes encountered during fabrication are presented as well as test methods to detect the failure modes. Preliminary yield data are presented for the fabrication process as well. The paper concludes with a view to the future showing pathfinding research into 3000-actuator DMs.
Durch sichtbares Licht vermittelte Cycloadditionen von α‐Ketoacylsilanen mit Iminen: Einfache Synthese von β‐Lactamen (2021)

Abstract Wir berichten über die Synthese von β‐Lactamen aus α‐Ketoacylsilanen und Iminen, die über eine formale photochemische [2+2]‐Cycloaddition unter in situ‐Generierung von Siloxyketenen erfolgt. Diese milde und operativ einfache Reaktion verläuft atomökonomisch mit einem breiten Substratspektrum, einschließlich Aldiminen, Ketiminen, Hydrazonen und kondensierten Stickstoff‐Heterocyclen, und liefert eine Vielzahl wichtiger β‐Lactame mit zumeist guten Diastereoselektivitäten. Diese Reaktion zeichnet sich auch durch eine hohe Toleranz funktioneller Gruppen, einfache Skalierbarkeit und Produktdiversifizierung aus. Experimentelle und quantenchemische Studien legen nahe, dass α‐Ketoacylsilane als Vorstufen von Siloxyketenen dienen können, die unter photochemischen Bedingungen eine [1,3]‐Siliciumverschiebung durchlaufen.
Multi-terminal DC grids: challenges and prospects (2017)

A few multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems are in operation around the world today. However, MTDC grids overlaying their AC counterpart might a reality in a near future. The main drivers for constructing such direct current grids are the large-scale integration of remote renewable energy resources into the existing alternative current (AC) grids, and the promotion and development of international energy markets through the so-called supergrids. This paper presents the most critical challenges and prospects for such emerging MTDC grids, along with a foreseeable technology development roadmap, with a particular focus on crucial control and operational issues that are associated with MTDC systems and grids.
Novel Planar-Structure Electrochemical Devices for Highly Flexible Semitransparent Power Generation/Storage Sources (2013)

Flexible and transparent power sources are highly desirable in realizing next-generation all-in-one bendable, implantable, and wearable electronic systems. The developed power sources are either flexible but opaque or semitransparent but lack of flexibility. Therefore, there is increasing recognition of the need for a new concept of electrochemical device structure design that allows both high flexibility and transparency. In this paper, we present a new concept for electrochemical device design--a two-dimensional planar comb-teeth architecture on PET substrate--to achieve both high mechanical flexibility and light transparency. Two types of prototypes--dye-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors--have been fabricated as planar devices and demonstrated excellent device performance, such as good light transparency, excellent flexibility, outstanding multiple large bending tolerance, light weight, effective prevention of short circuits during bending, and high device integration with up-date microelectronics, compared to conventional sandwich structure devices. Our planar design provides an attractive strategy toward the development of flexible, semitransparent electrochemical devices for fully all-in-one elegant and wearable energy management.
Slip-stick transitions of soft permeable particles near a repulsive wall (2022)

The behavior of permeable, elastic particles sliding along a repulsive wall is examined computationally. It is found that particles will stick or slip depending on the interplay of elastohydrodynamic and repulsive forces, and the flow in the porous particle. Particles slip when either the elastohydrodynamic lift or repulsive forces are large and create a supporting lubricating film of fluid. However, for lower values of elastohydrodynamic lift or repulsive forces, the flow within the porous particle reduces the pressure in the thin film, resulting in the particles making contact and sticking to the surface. The criteria for the slip-stick transition is presented, which can be used to design systems to promote or suppress slip for such suspensions.
Anterior Cervical Reconstruction Using Titanium Cages With Anterior Plating (1999)

Titanium cages provide immediate strong anterior column support with minimum hardware complications and avoid bone graft-site morbidity. Titanium cages, with concomitant use of anterior plating, offer an effective and safe alternative to bone autografts.
Folded MoS2 layers with reduced interlayer coupling (2014)

We study molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) structures generated by folding single-layer and bilayer MoS2 flakes. We find that this modified layer stacking leads to a decrease in the interlayer coupling and an enhancement of the photoluminescence emission yield. We additionally find that folded single-layer MoS2 structures show a contribution to photoluminescence spectra of both neutral and charged excitons, which is a characteristic feature of single-layer MoS2 that has not been observed in multilayer MoS2. The results presented here open the door to fabrication of multilayered MoS2 samples with high optical absorption while maintaining the advantageous enhanced photoluminescence emission of single-layer MoS2 by controllably twisting the MoS2 layers.
Comparison of Particle Concentration Fluorescence Immunoassay to Card and Complement Fixation Tests Using Isolation of Brucella Abortus as the Standard (1994)

Serologic test data and bacteriologic culture results from 816 cattle were evaluated. Brucella abortus (field strain or strain 19) was isolated from 27.3% of the cows. Results of the card test, particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay (PCFIA), and complement fixation (CF) test were compared. Antibody titers were directly associated with B. abortus isolation, with the majority (64.7%) of field strain isolations having a PCFIA value of < or = 0.300 and a CF test result of at least 1+ at a 1:160 dilution. The specificity of the CF test was significantly higher than that of the PCFIA (at CF > or = 1:40 and PCFIA < or = 0.300).
Supplementary Figure 1 from Molecular Identification of GD3 as a Suppressor of the Innate Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 225K, Schematic of Ganglioside GD3 and other glycolipids used or referred to in this paper&lt;/p&gt;