gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robot Guided White Light Interferometry for Crack Inspection on Airplane Engine Components (2014)

The state of the art inspection method for cracks in aircraft engine components in the aviation Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) industry is the knowledge based Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection (FPI).It is usually executed manually. This method is on the one hand very reliable regarding the detection probability of cracks, but on the other hand time intensive and the quality of the result is dependent on the particular expertise and condition of the executing worker. This paper introduces a fully automatic and robot guided white light interferometry (WLI) as a future crack inspection system. The focus is set on the adaptive component of that inspection process. Chapter 1 gives a short introduction to the different inspection technologies. In chapter 2 and 3, the overall inspection system setup with the different measuring devices and the inspection process steps are presented. Chapter 4 contains a comparison of different adaptation strategies and focuses on the strategy implemented in the given system. Chapter 5 is a conclusion in which a brief overview of the future work is given.
President of the Royal Society (1994)

THE ROYAL SOCIETY, to which Newton had dedicated his Principia in 1687 only to ignore it steadfastly when he moved to London, stood at a low ebb during the early years of his residence in the capital city. Membership, which had reached more than two hundred in the early years of the 1670s, now scarcely numbered more than half that figure, and meetings, given over mostly to miscellaneous chitchat devoid of serious scientific interest, suggested little of the interests that had brought the society together forty years earlier. The presence of Robert Hooke, not Newton's favorite natural philosopher, may well have determined his absence from the weekly meetings. Hooke was usually there. When Newton put in one of his rare appearances to show a “new instrument contrived by him,” a sextant, which would be useful in navigation, Hooke reminded him of past antipathies by claiming that he had invented it more than thirty years before. Hooke's death in March 1703 removed an obstacle and prepared the way for Newton's election as president at the next annual meeting on St. Andrew's Day, 30 November.
Iodine-Catalyzed R/S Isomerization of Allenic Carotenoids (2002)

A mechanism is proposed to explain the experimental observations in the iodine-catalyzed R/S isomerization of the allenic carotenoids peridinin, fucoxanthin, and neoxanthin. Attack of I. on C7‘, suggested to be the key step, breaks (or forms a partial bond with I in a transition state) the C7‘−C8‘ or C7‘−C6‘ π bond, which allows subsequent R/S isomerization. AM1 calculations show that the charge density at C7‘ of both the 6‘R-isomer and 6‘S-isomer is the greatest among the polyene and allenic carbons, and that the electron densities in the px and/or py orbitals of C7‘ are also higher than for most other polyene and allenic carbons. Thus, I. can preferentially attack C7‘, and significant R/S isomerization occurs. The calculation results can also explain the experimental observation that the ease of R to S isomerization of allenic carotenoids is peridinin > fucoxanthin > neoxanthin. Electrochemical experiments show that the radical cation and dication of fucoxanthin are unstable, which suggests that R/S isomerization of allenic carotenoids is not via their radical cations or dications. Furthermore, AM1 calculations show that R/S isomerization via the radical cations or dications is energetically unfavorable.
Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Effects in the Operation of Microscopic Heat Engines (2019)

The ability of the internal states of a working fluid to be in a coherent superposition is one of the basic properties of a quantum heat engine. It was recently predicted that in the regime of small engine action, this ability can enable a quantum heat engine to produce more power than any equivalent classical heat engine. It was also predicted that in the same regime, the presence of such internal coherence causes different types of quantum heat engines to become thermodynamically equivalent. Here, we use an ensemble of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond for implementing two types of quantum heat engines, and experimentally observe both effects.
Development and Validation of an Analytical Method to Quantitate Hydroxycitric Acid, the Key Constituent in Garcinia cambogia Extract, in Rodent Plasma and Fetus (2021)

<i>Garcinia cambogia</i> extract (GCE) is a popular botanical supplement used in weight loss products. Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is the principal component in GCE. Due to lack of adequate toxicity data to assess the safe use of GCE, the National Toxicology Program is testing GCE in Hsd:Sprague Dawley® SD® rats following perinatal exposure and in adult B6C3F1/N mice. We report a validated method utilizing sample clean up with ultrafiltration followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis to quantify HCA in rat plasma over the concentration range of 20 to 800 ng/mL. The method was linear (r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.99) with the limits of quantitation (LOQ) and detection (LOD) of 20.0 and 3.9 ng/mL plasma, respectively. The accuracy (determined as relative error, RE) and precision (determined as relative standard deviation, RSD) using Quality Control standards analyzed over multiple days were ≤ ± 7.5% and ≤ 9.5%, respectively. The method can be applied to quantify HCA in study matrices (RE ≤ ± 23.0%; RSD ≤ 6.0) except gestational day (GD)18 fetus. The method was partially validated in GD18 fetal homogenate over the concentration range 60-3000 ng/g (r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.99, RE ≤ ± 11.9%, and RSD ≤ 5.5%; LOQ 60.0 ng/g; LOD 7.77 ng/g). The standards as high as 20,000 ng/mL (plasma) and 502,000 ng/g (fetus) can successfully be quantified after diluting into the validated range (RE ≤ ± 2.6%; RSD ≤ 5.2%). These data demonstrate that the method is suitable to quantify HCA in rodent matrices and can be adapted to other biological matrices.
Efficiency in a forest nursery of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels (1985)

In a nursery in the centre of France, we have compared the effect of different forms of an ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum (Hebeloma cylindrosporum) on growth and mycorrhizal development of Douglas-fir and Norway spruce after soil fumigation. Compared with inoculum produced on peat and vermiculite, the inoculum produced in a fermentor and entrapped in polymeric gels significantly improved Douglas-fir and Norway spruce seedling growth. The Hebeloma mycorrhizal index was not significantly different between the different forms of inocula. The superiority of the inoculum produced in the fermentor and entrapped in gels is probably related to the high metabolic activity of the mycelium and to the protection given by the polymers after the incorporation of the inoculum into the soil. Hebeloma cylindrosporum stimulates seedling growth even in the presence of Thelephora terrestris mycorrhiza.
Contribution to automatic corporal tissue classification by integrating qualitative medical knowledge : application to the analysis of musculo skeletal diseases and disabilities from MRI sequences (2009)

Dans le diagnostic médical utilisant des images IRM, les techniques de segmentation et de classification d'images jouent un rôle important. La segmentation avec les niveaux de gris et la texture conduit souvent à des résultats peu satisfaisants, parce que ces caractéristiques générales ne peuvent pas prendre en compte les connaissances spécialisées. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire d'intégrer des connaissances a priori sur l'analyse des images médicales pour obtenir de meilleurs résultats de la classification des tissus.Dans ce contexte, deux principales contributions ont été proposées en vue d'améliorer la qualité de la segmentation par la méthode FCM. La première contribution est le développement d'un nouvel algorithme de FCM pour la segmentation d'images. La seconde contribution est le développement d'un système intelligent pour la classification des tissus. Il se compose de deux étapes. La première étape est un système de classification des tissus de la cuisse. La seconde étape est un système intelligent généralisé pour la classification des tissus d'autres zones corporelles.
Quantum wires prepared by molecular beam epitaxy regrowth on patterned AlGaAs buffer layers (1993)

Modulation doped GaAs quantum wires are prepared by molecular beam epitaxy regrowth on patterned AlGaAs buffer layers. The structural properties are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and by transmission electron microscopy. Far-infrared spectroscopy provides information about the lateral confinement and the carrier density in the quantum wires. The measurements indicate a distinct dependence of the electronic width on the orientation of the quantum wires within the (100) plane. Confinement energies of 6.9, 9.3, and 11.7 meV are determined for the [011], [001], and the [01̄1] wire orientations, respectively.
Rotary Cement Kiln Control for Reducing NOx Emissions to Atmosphere (2006)

A logic procedure, including 12 alternatives within 32 activities and 13 decision nodes has been designed/developed/implemented for the rotary cement kiln control aiming at reducing NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> emissions to atmosphere. The hierarchy of alternatives was evaluated through simple and top-down Kendall's coefficients of concordance, proved to be of statistical significance. An implementation is presented in the case of fuel substitution including 53=125 fuzzy rules, with linguistic variables defined by five linguistic terms according to a Linkert scale in the antecedent or IF-part and three control variables forming nine commands in the conclusion or THEN-part of each rule. The change of fuzzy rules before and after the implementation is determined qualitatively and quantitatively according to Tseng and Klein and the centroid method
Identification of ZYG11A as a candidate IGF1-dependent proto-oncogene in endometrial cancer (2019)

The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) have a key role in the development of gynecological cancers, including endometrial tumors. Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) constitutes a defined histological category among endometrial cancers. Laron syndrome (LS) is a genetic type of dwarfism that results from mutation of the growth hormone receptor (<i>GHR</i>) gene, and is the best characterized entity under the spectrum of the congenital IGF1 deficiencies. Epidemiological studies have shown that LS patients are protected from cancer development. Recent genome-wide association studies conducted on LS-derived lymphoblastoid cells led to the identification of a series of metabolic genes whose over-representation in this condition might be linked to cancer protection. Our analyses led to the identification of <i>ZYG11A</i>, a potential cell cycle regulator, as a new downstream target for IGF1 action. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the regulation of <i>ZYG11A</i> gene expression by IGF1 and insulin in endometrial cancer cell lines and to assess the impact of tumor suppressor p53 on <i>ZYG11A</i> expression and biological action. Using USC-derived cell lines expressing a wild type or a mutant p53 gene, we demonstrate that IGF1 inhibited <i>ZYG11A</i> mRNA and protein levels in cells containing a wild type <i>p53</i>. On the other hand, IGF1 potently stimulated ZYG11A expression in mutant p53-expressing cells. Data presented here links the IGF1 and p53 signaling pathways with ZYG11A action. The clinical implications of the present study in endometrial and other types of cancer must be further investigated.
Myosin VIIa Supports Spermatid/Organelle Transport and Cell Adhesion During Spermatogenesis in the Rat Testis (2019)

The biology of transport of spermatids and spermatid adhesion across the seminiferous epithelium during the epithelial cycle remains largely unexplored. Nonetheless, studies have implicated the role of motor proteins in these cellular events. In this article, we report findings to unravel the role of myosin VIIa, an F-actin-based barbed (+)-end-directed motor protein, to support cellular transport and adhesion in the testis. Using RNA interference to knock down myosin VIIa in Sertoli cells cultured in vitro as a study model was shown to perturb the Sertoli cell tight junction permeability barrier, mediated through disorganization of actin- or microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons owing to disruptive changes on the spatiotemporal expression of F-actin or MT-regulatory proteins. Consistent with these in vitro findings, knockdown of myosin VIIa in the testis in vivo also induced disorganization of the actin- and MT-based cytoskeletons across the seminiferous epithelium, mediated by disruptive changes in the spatiotemporal expression of actin- and MT-based regulatory proteins. More important, the transport of spermatids and organelles across the epithelium, as well as cell adhesion, was grossly disrupted. For instance, step 19 spermatids failed to be transported to the adluminal compartment near the tubule lumen to undergo spermiation; in this manner, step 19 spermatids were persistently detected in stage IX and XII tubules, intermingling with step 9 and 12 spermatids, respectively. Also, phagosomes were detected near the tubule lumen in stage I to III tubules when they should have been degraded near the base of the seminiferous epithelium via the lysosomal pathway. In summary, myosin VIIa motor protein was crucial to support cellular transport and adhesion during spermatogenesis.
Making intra-domain routing robust to changing and uncertain traffic demands (2003)

Intra-domain traffic engineering can significantly enhance the performance of large IP backbone networks. Two important components of traffic engineering are understanding the traffic demandsand configuring the routing protocols. These two components are inter-linked, as it is widely believed that an accurate view of traffic is important for optimizing the configuration of routing protocols and through that, the utilization of the network.This basic premise, however, never seems to have been quantified --How important is accurate knowledge of traffic demands for obtaining good utilization of the network? Since traffic demand values are dynamic and illusive, is it possible to obtain a routing that is "robust" to variations in demands? Armed with enhanced recent algorithmic tools we explore these questions on a diverse collection of ISP networks. We arrive at a surprising conclusion: it is possible to obtain a robust routing that guarantees a nearly optimal utilization with a fairly limited knowledge of the applicable traffic demands.
Cancer Incidence Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 2001–2003 (2008)

This study is the first to demonstrate substantial regional differences in the incidence of childhood cancer. It also shows that incidence varies according to gender, age, race, and ethnicity. Our research findings are useful for prioritizing future childhood cancer research needs.
Extracellular production of xylanase L in Escherichia coli using excretion vector pEAP2. (1986)

In the previous study, plasmid pEAP2 containing the penicillinase gene of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain 170 was constructed.X) It was found that most of the plasmidencoded penicillinase was in the culture medium of Escherichia coli carrying the pEAP21'2) and the penicil-
Resonance Raman and FTIR Spectra of Isotope-Labeled Reduced 1,4-Benzoquinone and Its Protonated Forms in Solutions (1997)

Resonance Raman (RR) and FTIR spectra were observed for 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ) and its 18O2 and d4 isotopomers in their reduced states and their protonated forms, including the anion radical (BQ•-), semiquinone radical (BQH•), dianion (BQ2-), and protonated anion (BQH-) in water and acetonitrile. The reduced species were generated electrochemically, and the RR spectra were excited in situ at 441.6, 363.8, 351.1, 325, and 235 nm in resonance with the three lowest electronic transitions. The observed bands were assigned empirically on the basis of the observed 18O2- and d4-isotopic frequency shifts and depolarization ratios and further with ab initio MO calculations at the MP2 level. In contrast with neutral BQ, the 18O atoms of BQ•- and BQ2- were rapidly exchanged with bulk water during the RR measurements for aqueous solutions. Upon reduction from BQ to BQ•- and BQ2-, the CO stretching mode (ν7a in Wilson's notation) shifts from 1639 to 1452 and 1275 cm-1, respectively, while the ν8a mode exhibits smaller shifts from 1666 to 1609 and 1596 cm-1, respectively. The ν8a and ν8b separation was 293, 149, and 81 cm-1 for BQ, BQ•-, and BQ2-, respectively, indicating that the six-membered ring increasingly approaches a benzenoid ring as reduction proceeds. These frequency changes are in qualitative agreement with those expected from the optimized bond lengths of the MO calculations. The RR spectra of BQH- were close to that of BQ2-, suggesting that the extra charges of BQ2- are mainly localized on the two oxygen atoms. Three b3g vibrations were resonance enhanced for BQ•- via vibronic coupling, and this determines the symmetry of the first allowed electronic excited state to be 2B3u in the D2h group. Assuming D2h symmetry for BQ•- predicts the presence of five polarized RR bands in the region below 1700 cm-1, but nine fundamentals were observed in addition to several overtones and combinations. In addition, one band appears both in the IR and the RR spectra. Therefore, practical molecular symmetry is reduced to Cs owing to solvation.
Clinical Research Sites—The Underappreciated Component of the Clinical Research System (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mecânica global tridimensional de linhas submersas. (2003)

Cabos umbilicais e tubos de produção são elementos fundamentais na exploração de petróleo no mar. Os cabos umbilicais têm a função de prover sinais de controle, elétricos e/ou hidráulicos, aos sistemas de válvulas submersos. Os tubos de produção, que podem ser flexíveis ou rígidos (Steel Catenary Riser), são utilizados no transporte de óleo, gás ou mesmo água doce. A fim de verificar a resposta estrutural global de uma linha submersa são realizados dois tipos de análises mecânicas: a estática e a dinâmica. A análise estática consiste na determinação da configuração de equilíbrio estática da linha, ou seja, sua geometria e a variação de tensão ao longo de seu comprimento. A resposta dinâmica consiste na determinação de movimentos da linha e variações de tensões dele decorrentes, sendo que isto depende fundamentalmente da ação da onda na linha e do movimento imposto pela unidade flutuante. A análise dinâmica pode ser realizada no domínio do tempo ou no domínio da freqüência. Nas fases iniciais do projeto há um grande número de situações a serem simuladas, devido as várias condições ambientais que devem ser analisadas. O tempo computacional dispendido para a análise estática é pequeno, da ordem de segundos. Quanto a análise dinâmica, caso esta seja realizada no domínio do tempo, observa-se um elevado tempo computacional dispendido, da ordem de horas. Dessa forma, é patente a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ferramentas numéricas que permitam a realização de análises dinâmicas em um tempo computacional pequeno, da ordem de minutos. Isso permitiria ao projetista de linhas submersas a simulação de um grande número de casos e com isso, selecionar alguns poucos para serem simulados no domínio do tempo, onde todas as não-linearidades são consideradas. ) O escopo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de modelos estáticos e dinâmicos, simplificados, porém elaborados, lineares. O modelo dinâmico é resolvido no domínio da freqüência, permitindo ao projetista de linhas submersas realizar a análise dinâmica em um baixo tempo computacional. Uma importância maior é dada ao modelo do contato existente entre a linha e o solo marítimo. Este modelo foi desenvolvido baseado na lei de atrito de Coulomb. A correção dos valores da curvatura via técnica de camada limite, nas regiões onde esta é relevante (regiões do ponto de touchdown e do topo) também é um dos objetivos deste trabalho. Entretanto, após o desenvolvimento de vários modelos de correção da curvatura via técnica de camada limite, não foi possível obter uma convergência de valores. Entretanto, conhecer as limitações de um determinado modelo também pode ser importante para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos futuros nessa área.
Batch Model Consolidation: A Multi-Task Model Consolidation Framework (2023)

In Continual Learning (CL), a model is required to learn a stream of tasks sequentially without significant performance degradation on previously learned tasks. Current approaches fail for a long sequence of tasks from diverse domains and difficulties. Many of the existing CL approaches are difficult to apply in practice due to excessive memory cost or training time, or are tightly coupled to a single device. With the intuition derived from the widely applied mini-batch training, we propose Batch Model Consolidation ($\textbf{BMC}$) to support more realistic CL under conditions where multiple agents are exposed to a range of tasks. During a $\textit{regularization}$ phase, BMC trains multiple $\textit{expert models}$ in parallel on a set of disjoint tasks. Each expert maintains weight similarity to a $\textit{base model}$ through a $\textit{stability loss}$, and constructs a $\textit{buffer}$ from a fraction of the task's data. During the $\textit{consolidation}$ phase, we combine the learned knowledge on 'batches' of $\textit{expert models}$ using a $\textit{batched consolidation loss}$ in $\textit{memory}$ data that aggregates all buffers. We thoroughly evaluate each component of our method in an ablation study and demonstrate the effectiveness on standardized benchmark datasets Split-CIFAR-100, Tiny-ImageNet, and the Stream dataset composed of 71 image classification tasks from diverse domains and difficulties. Our method outperforms the next best CL approach by 70% and is the only approach that can maintain performance at the end of 71 tasks; Our benchmark can be accessed at https://github.com/fostiropoulos/stream_benchmark