gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probing Capacity (2011)

We consider the problem of optimal probing of states of a channel by transmitter and receiver for maximizing rate of reliable communication. The channel is discrete memoryless (DMC) with i.i.d. states. The encoder takes probing actions dependent on the message. It then uses the state information obtained from probing causally or noncausally to generate channel input symbols. The decoder may also take channel probing actions as a function of the observed channel output and use the channel state information thus acquired, along with the channel output, to estimate the message. We refer to the maximum achievable rate for reliable communication for such systems as the “Probing Capacity”. We characterize this capacity when the encoder and decoder actions are cost constrained. To motivate the problem, we begin by characterizing the trade-off between the capacity and fraction of channel states the encoder is allowed to observe, while the decoder is aware of channel states. In this setting of `to observe or not to observe' state at the encoder, we compute certain numerical examples which exhibit a pleasing phenomenon, where encoder can observe a relatively small fraction of states and yet communicate at maximum rate, i.e., rate when observing states at encoder is not cost constrained.
Sensor Queries: Algebraic Optimization for Time and Energy (2008)

Sensor networks naturally apply to a broad range of applications that involve system monitoring and information tracking (e.g., airport security infrastructure, monitoring of children in metropolitan areas, product transition in warehouse networks, fine-grained weather/environmental measurements, etc.). Meanwhile, there are considerable performance deficiencies in applying existing sensornets in the applications that have stringent requirements for efficient mechanisms for querying sensor data and delivering the query result. The amount of data collected from all relevant sensors may be quite large and will require high data transmission rates to satisfy time constraints. It implies that excessive packet collisions can lead to packet losses and retransmissions resulting in significant energy costs and latency. In this paper we provide a formal consideration of a Data Transmission Algebra (DTA) that supports application-driven data interrogation patterns and optimization across multiple network layers. We use a logical framework to specify DTA semantics and to prove its soundness and completeness. Further, we prove that DTA query execution schedules have the key property of being collision-free. Finally, we describe and evaluate an algebraic query optimizer performing collision-aware query scheduling that both improve the response time and reduce the energy consumption.
Studies on Antiviral Agents. IV. Biological Activity of Tenuazonic Acid Derivatives. (1967)

Antiviral activity of tenuazonic acid derivatives against adenovirus type 5 was examined. Some compounds showed the significant chemotherapeutic indexes. This antiviral activity was not antagonized by the amino acid from which the test compounds were derived.
A public idiotypic determinant is present on spontaneous cationic IgG antibodies to DNA from mice of unrelated lupus-prone strains. (1984)

A monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id) to a public idiotype (Id) present on spontaneous IgG antibodies to DNA from NZB/NZW F1 mice recognized similar determinants on polyclonal and monoclonal IgG anti-DNA antibodies from mice of the unrelated MRL/lpr and BXSB strains. Incubation of the anti-Id with four of five monoclonal Id in solid phase inhibited their ability to bind DNA; however, different Id+ antibodies recognized different epitopes within the DNA molecule. Therefore, the public Id was located close to the antigen-binding regions but did not comprise all of those regions. Analysis of multiple polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to DNA showed the Id on all subclasses of IgG. However, antibodies bearing the Id carried a neutral or cationic charge (10 of 10 monoclonals with pI greater than 7 were Id+); the presence of the Id on anionic IgG (pI less than or equal to 7) was infrequent (one of 21 serums, one of eight monoclonal antibodies). Therefore, IgG autoantibodies to DNA are constructed from closely related public idiotypes in several mouse strains that spontaneously develop lupus, and that Id is restricted to antibodies with a pI of 7 or greater.
Beyond Point Clouds: Fisher Information Field for Active Visual Localization (2019)

For mobile robots to localize robustly, actively considering the perception requirement at the planning stage is essential. In this paper, we propose a novel representation for active visual localization. By formulating the Fisher information and sensor visibility carefully, we are able to summarize the localization information into a discrete grid, namely the Fisher information field. The information for arbitrary poses can then be computed from the field in constant time, without the need of costly iterating all the 3D landmarks. Experimental results on simulated and real-world data show the great potential of our method in efficient active localization and perception-aware planning. To benefit related research, we release our implementation of the information field to the public.
Soviet Physics and Chemistry (1952)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSoviet Physics and ChemistryA peek through a slit-in the Iron Curtain reveals that the scientists, formerly slaves of the proletariat, are now pillars of the state . . . Modern science in Russia, which began with the importation of Western scientists by Peter the Great,is making progress in spite of rigid Stalinist controlJOHN TURKEVICHView Author Information Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1952, 30, 27, 2792–2797Publication Date (Print):July 7, 1952Publication History Published online5 November 2010Published inissue 7 July 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v030n027.p2792https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v030n027.p2792newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1952 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Materials Get e-Alerts
Removal of malachite green from aqueous solution by using pineapple peel (2019)

This study investigates the potential of pineapple peel (PP) as a low cost agricultural adsorbent in the removal of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution. The potential of PP as an adsorbent was proven by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The adsorption process was conducted in a batch experiment for different parameters such as initial of dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The experiment showed that the amount of dye adsorbed was highest at 3.92 mg/g for 100 mg/L MG concentration. The amount of dye adsorbed was found to increase with increase in initial dye concentration. Besides, the experimental results showed that 0.5 g of PP was capable to remove 95.25% of MG dye as the percentage removal of MG dye were increase with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The optimum contact time was 180 minutes which give the highest percentage of MG dye removal of 88.02%. The effect of contact time showed that the percentage of dye removal increase with the increase in contact time. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetic was well described by pseudo-second order with a good correlation factor R2 of 0.9981. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm model is best described the adsorption of MG dye onto PP compared to Freundlich isotherms since the R2 value is 0.9909. This study indicate that the PP can be an alternative adsorbent for the removal of MG from aqueous solutions.
A distributed media server management scheme (2002)

In a distributed multimedia system, the distribution of digitized video, audio or other type of streamed data presents problems in both data communications and management of media servers. The system should be able to serve users in a wide geographical area and to adapt itself to a varying number of users. We propose an Internet-based management scheme for a media server system, assembled by a variable number of media servers geographically dispersed, where user requests are directed dynamically to an appropriate server according to their location and served in a unicast way. The scalability of the system is based on multicast type of negotiation between servers and shifting the management of content and load from centralized gateway to the servers.
Improving Surface PSD Using a Random Tool Path (2008)

We present a random unicursal tool path for sub-aperture polishing and compare polishing with the random and raster tool paths. This new complex tool path is useful for reducing mid-spatial frequencies in polished surfaces.
Xenopusribosomal gene enhancers function when inserted inside the gene they enhance (1985)

The ribosomal DNA of Xenopus laevis contains repeated sequence elements in the intergenic spacer region that enhance transcription from the adjacent gene promoter (1,2). Previous work has shown that these RNA polymerase I enhancers influence the target promoter when they are in either orientation, at a distance of several kilobases, and only when they are in cis (3-5). In this work, we further show that enhancer activity is unaffected by inserting the enhancers within the transcription unit whose promoter is being enhanced. In addition, enhancer activity does not interfere with transcription through its sequences. The results suggest that the enhancers act at a point prior to the initiation of transcription and that they are likely to be dispensable once transcription has begun.
A high-speed Hi-CMOSII 4K static RAM (1981)

Using advanced high-performance CMOS (Hi-CMOSII) technology and a high-speed circuit technique, a fully static 4096-word by one-bit RAM with typical address access time of 18 ns and power dissipation of 150 mW has been designed. The power-access-time product realized by the design is almost an order of magnitude better than existing NMOS 4K static RAMs. Moreover, to produce low-cost high-density static RAMs, a new redundancy technique utilizing laser shorting of intrinsic polysilicon is proposed.
Gangliosides and sialoglycoproteins carrying a rare blood group antigen determinant, Cad, associated with human cancers as detected by specific monoclonal antibodies. (1990)

Two murine monoclonal antibodies, 2A3D2 and 2D11E2 (both IgM), which are directed to the gangliosides and sialoglycoproteins related to a rare blood group antigen, Cad, were obtained by using a ganglioside mixture prepared from human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (PLC/PRF/5) as the immunogen. These two monoclonal antibodies detected multiple ganglioside antigens present in the PLC/PRF/5 cells, and the major antigenic ganglioside was characterized as IV4GalNAc beta-GD1a, which has the carbohydrate structure GalNAc beta 1----4(NeuAc alpha 2----3)Gal beta 1----3GalNAc beta 1---- 4(NeuAc alpha 2----3)Gal beta 1----Cer. The two antibodies also reacted with GM2 (GalNAc beta 1----4[NeuAc alpha 2----3]Gal beta 1----4Glc beta 1----Cer) and a Cad-active lactoseries ganglioside (IV4GalNAc beta-sialosylparagloboside, GalNAc beta 1----4[NeuAc alpha 2----3]Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1---- 3Gal beta 1----4Glc beta 1----Cer), which have carbohydrate structures related to IV4GalNAc beta-GD1a. Beside gangliosides, both antibodies recognized the carbohydrate determinant carried by glycophorin A on very rare Cad-positive human RBC; the structure of which is GalNAc beta 1----4(NeuAc alpha 2----3)Gal beta 1----3(NeuAc alpha 2---- 6)GalNAc alpha 1----Ser/Thr. From these findings, it is clear that monoclonal antibodies 2A3D2 and 2D11E2 both recognize the nonreduced carbohydrate terminus composed of three sugar residues, GalNac beta 1----4(NeuAc alpha 2----3)Gal beta 1----R, and are useful for detecting the Cad-related antigen in cells and tissues. By using these monoclonal antibodies, it was revealed that many cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and cancer tissues taken from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma contain both Cad-active glycoprotein antigens and related gangliosides, while normal liver tissues contain no appreciable amount of either species of antigen. The Cad-active glycoprotein antigens in cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma cells appeared as triplet bands having molecular weights of 92,000, 75,000, and 61,000, under either reducing or nonreducing conditions in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Essentially the same triplet proteins were observed in as many as 4 of 9 cases (44%) of cancer tissue from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, but not in neighboring cirrhotic tissues or normal livers tissues. These results suggest that the rare blood group antigen Cad is associated with human cancers, especially hepatocellular carcinoma.
Porphyrin-containing D–π–A conjugated polymer with absorption over the entire spectrum of visible light and its applications in solar cells (2012)

In this communication, we present the first example of a donor–acceptor porphyrin-containing conjugated copolymer, PCTTQP, with absorption over the entire spectrum of visible light. The BHJ solar cells based on PCTTQP : PC71BM blends displayed a PCE of 2.5%, which is the highest value in porphyrin-based conjugated polymers.
Dynamic scanning electron microscopy of human skin in situ (1974)

A special two lens instrument optimized for television scanning rates was used with video tape recording of the results. The author's thumb was placed over a half inch hole in the specimen chamber in line with the electron beam and the microscope was operated. From the video tape playback four images with magnification 100* to 1000* are presented.
Homologous interference of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus involves a ribavirin-susceptible block in virus replication (1989)

Depending on the multiplicity of infection (MOI), infection of L929 cells results in either productive lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus replication or homologous interference M. Bruns, A. Gessner, H. Lother, and F. Lehmann-Grube, Virology 166:133-139, 1988). As shown in this communication, productive lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus replication as observed at a low MOI was effectively inhibited by ribavirin. In contrast, virus yields increased if cells were infected with a high MOI and in the presence of 5 microM of the antiviral compound. This drug-dependent release of infectious virus was preceded by enhanced nucleoprotein (NP) synthesis, a change in intracellular NP distribution, and by an onset of glycoprotein synthesis. It is therefore proposed that this block in viral replication is brought about by a posttranslational effect on a viral gene product, probably the NP, present in reasonably large quantities both during homologous interference as well as persistent infection.
Long-term potentiation in the Eocene (2003)

The first ten years of long-term potentiation (LTP) research are reviewed. Surprisingly, given the intensity of current interest, the discovery paper did not trigger a wave of follow-on experiments. Despite this, the initial work laid out what ultimately became standard questions and paradigms. The application of the then still novel hippocampal slice technique oriented LTP towards basic neuroscience, perhaps somewhat at the cost of lesser attention to its functional significance. The use of slices led to the discovery of the events that trigger the formation of LTP and provided some first clues about its extraordinary persistence. Signs of the intense controversy over the nature of LTP expression (release vs receptors) emerged towards the end of the first decade of work. What appears to be lacking in the literature of that time is a widespread concern about LTP and memory. This may reflect a somewhat different attitude that neurobiologists then had towards memory research and a perceived need to integrate the new potentiation phenomenon into the web of established science before advancing extended arguments about its contributions to behaviour.
Human papillomavirus and Epstein–Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a low‐incidence population (2013)

The etiologic role of HPV in NPC is confirmed. The favorable prognostic significance of HPV positivity is similar to that of EBV positivity.
[Oxidation of lipids contained in total parental nutrition]. (2000)

The components used in parenteral nutrition mixtures are subject to oxidation. The oxidation of polyunsaturated lipids leads to the formation of toxic lipoperoxides. This toxicity is of particular significance in new-born children, because of the lack of maturity of their defensive systems against oxidative processes, and also in critically-ill patients, whose oxidative metabolism is increased. A review of the literature is effected to assess the following: toxicity of lipoperoxides, factors involved in the oxidation of parenteral nutrition mixtures and the analytical methods used to determine the peroxides present in parenteral nutrition mixtures. The factors influencing the oxidation of parenteral nutrition mixtures include: the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the presence of bisulphite, vitamin complexes and their polysorbate content, temperature, type of bag and exposure to light. The analytical methods found for the analysis of peroxides in TPN mixtures are: iodine measurement analysis, high resolution liquid chromatography, the thiobarbituric acid test, and oxidation of the ferrous cation in the presence of xylenol orange. Depending on the method, it is possible to determine total peroxides or only lipoperoxides. The literature reviewed does not establish a threshold level of peroxide concentration below which a parenteral nutrition mixture can be considered safe.
Non-Invasive Evaluation of Hepatic Fibrosis for Type C Chronic Hepatitis (2010)

FibroScan and RTE correlated well with F staging of the liver. In particular RTE was more successful than FibroScan in diagnosing the degree of liver fibrosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycosyl Imidates. Part 62. Synthesis of the Heptasaccharide Moiety of Ganglioside BGM1. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Calcium activated nucleotidase 1 (CANT1) is critical for glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in cartilage and endochondral ossification (2018)

Desbuquois dysplasia type 1 (DBQD1) is a chondrodysplasia caused by mutations in CANT1 gene encoding an ER/Golgi calcium activated nucleotidase 1 that hydrolyses UDP. Here, using Cant1 knock-in and knock-out mice recapitulating DBQD1 phenotype, we report that CANT1 plays a crucial role in cartilage proteoglycan synthesis and in endochondral ossification. Specifically, the glycosaminoglycan synthesis was decreased in chondrocytes from Cant1 knock-out mice and their hydrodynamic size was reduced, whilst the sulfation was increased and the overall proteoglycan secretion was delayed. Interestingly, knock-out chondrocytes had dilated ER cisternae suggesting delayed protein secretion and cellular stress; however, no canonical ER stress response was detected using microarray analysis, Xbp1 splicing and protein levels of BiP and ATF4. The observed proteoglycan defects caused deregulated chondrocyte proliferation and maturation in the growth plate resulting in the reduced skeletal growth. In conclusion, the pathogenic mechanism of DBQD1 comprises deregulated chondrocyte performance due to defective intracellular proteoglycan synthesis and altered proteoglycan properties in the extracellular matrix.
PLS-based Similarity Analysis for Mode Identification in Multimode Manufacturing Processes (2015)

Many industrial manufacturing processes have multiple operation modes because of different strategy and varying feedstock. The traditional statistical process monitoring tools such as PCA and PLS cannot be applied since they assume that the process must have single mode operation region only. In this paper, all the factors that will affect the change of the mode are considered, a similarity factor including the similarity factor of PLS models and the mean shift of the external variables is introduced to measure the similarity of two sets of data. On basis of this similarity factor, a moving window is used and a mode identification approach for multimode process monitoring is proposed. The proposed approach is demonstrated on the benchmark Tennessee Eastman process.
Summary of the 2006 Annual Synthesis Report, Pallid Sturgeon Population Assessment Program and Associated Fish Community Monitoring for the Missouri River (2008)

Pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus, have declined throughout the Missouri River since dam construction and inception of the Bank Stabilization and Navigation Project in 1912. Their decline likely is due to the loss and degradation of their natural habitat as a result of changes in the river’s structure and function, as well as the pallid sturgeon’s inability to adapt to these changes. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers has been working with state and federal agencies to develop and conduct a Pallid Sturgeon Monitoring and Assessment Program (Program), with the goal of recovering pallid sturgeon populations. The Program has organized the monitoring and assessment efforts into distinct geographic segments, with state and federal resource management agencies possessing primary responsibility for one or more segment. To date, the results from annual monitoring have been reported for individual Program segments. However, monitoring results have not been summarized or evaluated for larger spatial scales, encompassing more than one Program segment. This report is a summary of the 2006 synthesis report prepared by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) that synthesizes the 2006 sampling year monitoring results from individual segments.