gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Der Isotopieeffekt bei der elektrolytischen Wanderung von Lithium-Ionen in geschmolzenem Lithiumbromid und -jodid (1958)

Durch elektrolytische Überführung wurde 7 Li an der Grenze zwischen geschmolzenem LiBr und PbBr 2 bzw. LiJ und PbJ 2 gegenüber 6 Li angereichert. Der Masseneffekt war —0,148 ± 0,014 für LiBr und 0,15 ± 0,02 für LiJ. Ein früher veröffentlichter Wert für den Masseneffekt bei LiBr wird damit berichtigt.
Fuzzy inference and the control of flexible robotic manipulators (2002)

The authors discuss the implementation of controllers for robotic manipulators with flexible links by using a class of fuzzy inference systems. A summary of basic concepts which describe fuzzy logic controllers as a class of fuzzy inference systems is presented. It is shown that fuzzy inference systems can be regarded as linear models, i.e. they can be represented by a linear combination of a set of basis functions. This type of system is structurally similar to those in the class of neural networks consisting of a collection of locally-tuned units; therefore, coming up with the appropriate set of fuzzy rules to generate the corresponding fuzzy basis function expansion is analogous to the problem of efficiently placing the centers of the receptive fields of units in the neural network case. An efficient orthogonal least squares algorithm is used to accomplish this task. The technique is applied to the implementation of a simple controller to control a two link manipulator consisting of one rigid and one flexible links.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wind in the bath (2005)

A fundamental requirement of the ventilation of school buildings is that adequate airflow must be provided to all areas of a classroom. And with the budgetary demands for both capital expenditure and operating costs in the education sector, low-energy systems have become increasingly attractive.
An Inertia-Based Surface Identification System (2010)

In many robotics applications, knowing the material properties around a robot is often critical for the robot's successful performance. For example, in mobility, knowledge about the ground surface may determine the success of a robot's gait. In manipulation, the physical properties of an object may dictate the results of a grasping strategy. Thus, a reliable surface identification system would be invaluable for these applications. This paper presents an Inertia-Based Surface Identification System (ISIS) based on accelerometer sensor data. Using this system, a robot actively “knocks” on a surface with an accelerometer-equipped device (e.g., hand or leg), collects the accelerometer data in real-time, and then analyzes and extracts three critical physical properties, the hardness, the elasticity, and the stiffness, of the surface. A lookup table and k-nearest neighbors techniques are used to classify the surface material based on a database of previously known materials. This technique is low-cost and efficient in computation. It has been implemented on the modular and self-reconfigurable SuperBot and has achieved high accuracy (95% and 85%) in several identification experiments with real-world material.
Software engineering for Responsible AI: An empirical study and operationalised patterns (2022)

AI ethics principles and guidelines are typically high-level and do not provide concrete guidance on how to develop responsible AI systems. To address this shortcoming, we perform an empirical study involving interviews with 21 scientists and engineers to understand the practitioners' views on AI ethics principles and their implementation. Our major findings are: (1) the current practice is often a done-once-and-forget type of ethical risk assessment at a particular development step, which is not sufficient for highly uncertain and continual learning AI systems; (2) ethical requirements are either omitted or mostly stated as high-level objectives, and not specified explicitly in verifiable way as system outputs or outcomes; (3) although ethical requirements have the characteristics of cross-cutting quality and non-functional requirements amenable to architecture and design analysis, system-level architecture and design are under-explored; (4) there is a strong desire for continuously monitoring and validating AI systems post deployment for ethical requirements but current operation practices provide limited guidance. To address these findings, we suggest a preliminary list of patterns to provide operationalised guidance for developing responsible AI systems.
MEASUREMENT OF EXTENSIONAL VISCOSITY OF POLYMER SOLUTIONS AND ITS EFFECTS ON ATOMIZATION FROM A SPRAY NOZZLE (1996)

A simple method is described for the evaluation of the extensional viscosity of dilute polymer solutions typically used as drift control adjuvants in agricultural sprays. Extensional viscosity characteristics were determined for a wide range of polymer types and molecular weights, by measurements of the flow of solutions through a packed bed of screens over a range of pressure. The polymer types are classified according to their extensional viscosity-strain rate response characteristics. The effects of molecular weight, concentration, and polymer type are discussed. A correlation is demonstrated for all the polymer solutions tested relating the extensional viscosity at strain rates occurring in agricultural spray processes with the droplet size distribution. Shear viscosity and polymer concentration also affect the median droplet size, but no correlation exists over all polymers.
Single-step Electrodeposition of ZnO Nanotube Arrays on TCO Glass Substrates (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Application, Calculation and Experimental Evaluation of SCF for Aluminum Drill Pipe With Steel Connector (2010)

Aluminum alloys are among the most promising materials for manufacture of drill pipes for deepwater and ultra-deepwater drilling in corrosive environment. Aluminum drill pipes are made with steel tool-joints to increase the number of connection makings-and-breakings. One of the major concerns of aluminum drill pipe operation in deepwater complex profile wells is the fatigue of their connection. This paper presents the results of study of fatigue properties of aluminum alloy 1953T1 Light Alloy Drill Pipes of Improved Dependability (LAIDP) 147×13 mm that are most extensively used in Russia. During assembly, the pin and box of steel tool-joint are heated and screwed on the tubular ends. After cooling, this assembly provides a reliable permanent connection. The study includes experimental determination of the S-N curve of small-scale specimens of aluminum tubular, FEA of the connection with the SCF determined and fatigue testing of the full-scale LAIDP connection. FEA is based on 3D model. The material properties of tubular are modeled as elastic-plastic. The distribution of hot-assembly stresses is considered in detail. Alternating bending load is applied by several semi-cycles. The results of analysis of Stress Concentration Factor (SCF) at various axial loads, bending moment ranges, friction factors of contact surfaces and interference of connection are given. Full-scale fatigue testing of connection specimen is carried out to verify the results of analysis.
Concentration Depth Profile-Based Multilayer Sorption Surface Tension Model for Aqueous Solutions (2021)

Surface tension of chemically complex aqueous droplets is significant to atmospheric aerosol particle dynamics and fate. Isotherm-based predictive surface tension models are available which consider one layer of solute molecules sorbed at the liquid-vapor interface. However, the concentration depth profile (CDP) of solute molecules near the surface is continuous, making the single monolayer assumption inappropriate. Here, this work extends the isotherm framework by dividing the surface region into multiple layers to capture the continuity of the spatial distribution of solute molecules for binary solutions. Partition functions are established based on the displacement of water molecules by solute molecules. The number of displaced water molecules and energy of solute molecules at the surface and in the bulk are key model parameters relating surface tension and solute activity. Number densities of surface molecules from molecular dynamic (MD) simulations available in the literature are applied to determine model parameters. Finally, the model is extended to predict surface tension for mixture solutions, considering both independent and dependent adsorptions of different solute species to the liquid-vapor interface. The proposed model works well for both electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions and their mixtures from pure solvent to pure solute.
JARS: Join-aware distributed RDF storage (2016)

The enormous increase of data in RDF format calls for efficient storage and retrieval approaches. Being a highly connected data, RDF generates massive amounts of intermediate results during query processing. Many of the current RDF storage approaches involve large amounts of inter-node data movement even for simple selective query patterns. We propose JARS, a join-aware distributed RDF storage system with a dual-hash partitioning strategy coupled with two layered distributed clustered indexing and a rule-based query-execution approach. JARS eliminates the inter-node communication for star patterns and mitigates the communication cost for chain pattern SPARQL queries. Our experiments indicate that JARS achieves significant performance enhancement over the state-of-the-art RDF storage systems.
Genetic transformation of novel isolates of chicken Lactobacillusbearing probiotic features for expression of heterologous proteins: a tool to develop live oral vaccines (2006)

Lactobacillus isolated from gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens and selected for probiotic characteristics can be genetically modified by introducing an expression cassette into the lbs locus. The transformed bacteria expressed on its cell wall surface different fluorescent proteins used as reporters of promoter function. It is possible then that similar bacterial model expressing pathogen antigens can be used as live oral vaccines to immunize broilers against infectious diseases.
Stability analysis of a semiconductor laser with wavelength dependent external-mirror (1999)

An analytical criterion is developed for analyzing the stability/instability of a semiconductor laser with a wavelength dependent external mirror. The derivation and final results of the analytical criterion generalizes the results available in literature.
Antitumor effect of 131I-labeled anti-VEGFR2 targeted nanoparticles in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma mouse models (2018)

Objective
To investigate the radioactivity distribution of 131I-bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and to explore its antitumor efficacy in ATC-bearing nude mouse models.


Methods
131I-BSA-MSNs-anti-VEGFR2 and 131I-BSA-MSNs were constructed. FRO tumor xenografts were established and the SPECT/CT images of tumor-bearing mice were acquired at different time points after intratumoral injection with 131I-BSA-MSNs-anti-VEGFR2 (targeting group), 131I-BSA-MSNs (non-targeting group), Na131I (Na131I group) and saline (control group), respectively. The changes of body mass and tumor volume in each group were recorded. Two-sample t test and log-rank test were used to analyze the data.


Results
After incubation for 3 h, the fluorescence intensity in targeting group was higher than that in non-targeting group (345.26±16.35 vs 280.61±9.65; t=5.90, P<0.05). After injection for 1-3 weeks, the radioactivity detected by SPECT/CT in targeting group was obviously stronger than that in non-targeting group (t values: 7.060-12.780, all P<0.05). At the end of the observation, the tumor volume of Na131I group, control group, non-targeting group and targeting group increased to (278.3±19.3)%, (296.6±24.2)%, (198.7±13.2)% and (103.7±6.2)% of the original volume, respectively. The body mass of the first 2 groups decreased to (88.6±3.0)% and (86.2±3.1)% of the original body mass respectively, while that of the latter 2 groups increased to (102.1±3.1)% and (116.2±3.4)% of the original body mass respectively. Survival analysis showed that the median survival time in targeting group (38 d) was significantly longer than that in non-targeting group (34 d; χ2=8.05, P<0.05).


Conclusion
131I-BSA-MSNs-anti-VEGFR2 can effectively inhibit the tumor growth of ATC and prolong the survival of tumor-bearing nude mice, which gives a good suggestion for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of ATC.


Key words: 
Thyroid neoplasms; Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2; Nanoparticles; Iodine radioisotopes; Tomography, emission-computed, single-photon; Tomography, X-ray computed; Mice, nude
Detecting fetomaternal hemorrhage by flow cytometry (2006)

Fetal hemoglobin for detection of fetomaternal hemorrhage is an accurate clinical diagnostic procedure for investigation of anemia in fetus and newborn.
Intraretinal Leakage and Oxidation of LDL in Diabetic Retinopathy (2008)

These findings suggest a potentially important role for extravasated, modified LDL in promoting DR by promoting apoptotic pericyte loss.
Evaluating the bromodomain protein BRD1 as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis (2018)

Targeting epigenetic reader proteins by small molecule inhibitors represents a new therapeutic concept in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although inhibitors targeting bromodomain protein 1 (BRD1) are in development, the function of BRD1 has hardly been studied. We investigated the therapeutic potential of BRD1 inhibition in joint-resident cells in RA, synovial fibroblasts (SF) and macrophages. The proliferation of SF was decreased upon BRD1 silencing, accompanied by the downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Silencing of BRD1 in SF decreased the basal expression of MMP1 but increased TNF-α- and LPS-induced levels of MMP3, IL6 and IL8. In monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), silencing of BRD1 decreased the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, but did not significantly affect basal and the TNF-α- and LPS-induced expression of IL6 and IL8. Our data point to a cell type- and a stimulus-specific function of BRD1. Inhibiting BRD1 could have potential beneficial effects in RA via decreasing the proliferation of SF. Anti-inflammatory effects were limited and only observed in MDM.
Limits of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 as the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (2021)

Jae Seung KANG, Yoo Jin CHOI, Yoonhyeong BYUN, Youngmin HAN, Jung Min LEE, Hee Ju SOHN, Hongbeom KIM, Wooil KWON, Jin-Young JANG*. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021;25:S309. https://doi.org/10.14701/ahbps.EP-111
Three‐Membered Rings Containing Two Hetero‐Atoms (1964)

Abstract Since their discovery five years ago, the diaziridines have become an extensive and easily accessible class of compounds. Hydrolysis of these compounds effects a simple synthesis of hydrazine, alkylhydrazines, and N,N′‐dialkylhydrazines. They are also powerful oxidizing agents. The rigidity of the three‐membered ring gives rise to a few stereoelectronic peculiarities. Investigations on the mechanism of formation of the three‐membered rings led to a new synthesis of oxaziranes and to discovery of the isomeric oximes with a three‐membered ring structure. The latter decompose readily to form diimide. Diazirines are cyclic isomers of the aliphatic diazo compounds and are surprisingly easy to obtain by dehydrogenation of suitable diaziridines; they are chemically much more stable than the linear isomers. Grignard reagents add onto the NN double bond without destruction of the three‐membered ring. Thermal decomposition yields carbenes.
A case report of the clinical effect of chronic total occlusion recanalization on the instantaneous wave-free ratio in the donor artery (2018)

Instantaneous wave-free ratio is able to incorporate the amount of subtended myocardium in its quantification of coronary stenosis severity.
VAST Challenge 2015: Mayhem at dinofun world (2015)

A fictitious amusement park and a larger-than-life hometown football hero provided participants in the VAST Challenge 2015 with an engaging yet complex storyline and setting in which to analyze movement and communication patterns. The datasets for the 2015 challenge were large—averaging nearly 10 million records per day over a three day period—with a simple straightforward structured format. The simplicity of the format belied a complex wealth of features contained in the data that needed to be discovered and understood to solve the tasks and questions that were posed. Two Mini-Challenges and a Grand Challenge compose the 2015 competition. Mini-Challenge 1 contained structured location and date-time data for park visitors, against which participants were to discern groups and their activities. Mini-Challenge 2 contained structured communication data consisting of metadata about time-stamped text messages sent between park visitors. The Grand Challenge required participants to use both movement and communication data to hypothesize when a crime was committed and identify the most likely suspects from all the park visitors. The VAST Challenge 2015 received 71 submissions, and the datasets were downloaded, at least partially, from 26 countries.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzylideneacetophenones and Their Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Glass transition dynamics and cooperativity length of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) compared to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (2016)

The glass transition of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF), an emergent bio-based polyester, was investigated in comparison to one of its chemical analogues: poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). These investigations were conducted at different crystallinities by means of stochastic modulated differential scanning calorimetry (stochastic TMDSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Amorphous PEF presents a higher ΔCp at the glass transition and a broader relaxation spectrum attributed to a higher free volume. The higher Tg of PEF is then purely related to segmental mobility and specific interactions in PEF. The length of cooperative rearranging regions (CRR) was similar for both materials. Additionally, the variations of the effective activation energy E of PEF and PET at glass transitions were determined by isoconversional kinetic analysis. The rate of decrease in E was similar for the two amorphous polyesters. Upon crystallization, the glass transition of PEF is broadened but its temperature range is not increased as with PET. The creation of the rigid amorphous fraction (RAF) with crystallinity is lower in PEF than in PET. The difference in free volume also explains the lower coupling between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase in PEF.
Public health hazards from small ruminant meat products in Europe (1997)

Foodborne diseases, in particular those related to meat and meat products, have recently become a matter of great public concern. Sheep and goat meat can transmit infections and diseases either through handling during preparation procedures or as a result of ingestion by the consumer. The authors highlight the second route of contamination in relation to meat and meat products from small ruminants in European countries. Among the most important diseases transmitted by mutton and goat meat, toxoplasmosis remains the greatest threat, particularly in immuno-compromised people and in pregnant women. Other pathogens which may be associated with the consumption of meat from small ruminants include: Clostridium perfringens, Cryptosporidium parvum and Campylobacter jejuni. As with other ruminant species, Escherichia coli O157:H7 can be considered as an emerging pathogen, for which control efforts must be made. The classical zoonoses (brucellosis, Q fever, hydatidosis) are also presented here, although the major source of contamination for these diseases remains contact with infected animals or the handling of carcasses. The fact that the association of foodborne diseases with mutton and goat meat is less frequent than with the meat of other animal species should be noted, for the following reasons: a) lower levels of production; b) less intensive production, leading to a weaker microbial contamination; c) mutton and goat meat are subjected to processing less often than other meats; d) the usual boiling or cooking processes.
Probabilistic analysis of onion routing in a black-box model (2007)

We perform a probabilistic analysis of onion routing. The analysis is presented in a black-box model of anonymous communication that abstracts the essential properties of onion routing in the presence of an active adversary that controls a portion of the network and knows all a priori distributions on user choices of destination. Our results quantify how much the adversary can gain in identifying users by exploiting knowledge of their probabilistic behavior. In particular, we show that a user anonymity is worst either when the other users always choose the destination u is least likely to visit or when the other users always choose the destination u chooses. This worst-case anonymity with an adversary that controls a fraction b of the routers is comparable to the best case anonymity against an adversary that controls a fraction pb.
Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies in Arthritic Patients: A Disease-specific Finding? (2003)

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG), widely distributed in human organs, is a multifunctional enzyme involved in the cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins, fibrogenesis, and wound healing (1). Recently, tTG has been proposed as the autoantigen of anti-endomysial antibodies (EMAs) (2), a serologic marker of celiac disease (CD) (3). Use of anti-tTG antibodies has been advocated in the diagnostic work-up of CD (4), although positive results have been reported in patients with other intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (5)(6)(7).

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the occurrence of anti-tTG-positive results in a cohort of arthritic patients, in whom the target organ is located at a distance from the intestine. Changes in anti-tTG antibodies were also investigated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during treatment with methotrexate (MTX), a drug previously shown to decrease rheumatoid factor, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and interleukin-6 (8).

In this retrospective study, we enrolled 203 patients [121 males and 82 females; mean (SD) age, 51.4 (14.1) years; range, 17–76 years] attending our Rheumatological Unit in 1998–2000 and presenting without clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of CD. Of these patients, 183 belonged to three different groups: 74 had RA according to the American Rheumatism Association criteria (9); 67 had psoriatic arthritis (PsA) according to the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria (10); and 42 had ankylosing spondylitis (AS) according to modified New York criteria (11). The remaining 20, having knee, hand, or hip osteoarthritis (OA) according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria (12)(13)(14), were considered as disease controls. Sixty untreated CD patients [25 males and 35 females; mean (SD) age, 42.5 (11.2) years; range, 19–70 years], diagnosed according to the current criteria (15), were selected as disease controls. Fifty-four blood donors [26 males and 28 females; …