gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recompletion of Wells to Improve Water-Oil Ratio (1975)

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. This paper was prepared for the 45th Annual California Regional Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, held in Ventura, Calif., April 2–4, 1975. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon request to the Editor of the appropriate journal provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract A treatment technique has been developed to improve the oil/water ratio in producing wells. An inexpensive, inorganic, low-viscosity fluid is injected into the water producing interval. This fluid sets to a stiff gel after a predetermined pump time. By placing a sufficient volume of fluid in the formation, a long lasting barrier to water production is achieved. The placement technique uses low pump rates and injection pressures, and includes a low-volume, low-pressure cement slurry tail-in. Variations in placement technique have been developed to adapt the process to a variety of downhole problems. These include:Plug back for bottom water.Balanced pumping above and below a packer for treating the water producing interval packer for treating the water producing interval and simultaneously protecting the oil producing zone.Where a Tracker cannot be used, balanced pumping with a radioactive interface technique pumping with a radioactive interface technique for treating the water zone and, at the same time, protecting the oil zone. Case histories are cited which show that the process can be successfully used in limestone, dolomite and sandstone formations. In many instances, an increase in oil production occurs when the production of water is eliminated or reduced. In conclusion, various placement procedures allow the treatment technique to be used in almost any producing well. Furthermore, the establishment of an in-depth barrier in the formation against the migration of water is, in most cases, superior to conventional cement squeeze techniques. Introduction The production of water usually increases during the life of a well and can present many problems to the well owner. Some of these problems to the well owner. Some of these problems are: problems are:Increased lifting costs.Decreased oil production due to increased fluid level, downhole scale accumulations, and emulsions.Shortened life of surface and subsurface equipment due to corrosion and scale accumulation.
Technology-agnostic power optimization for AES block cipher (2018)

On the one hand, IoT applications require low-power consumption. On the other hand, they also need to embed strong cryptographic algorithms to protect the data they manipulate. We address this issue in the context of the AES block cipher. The challenge is to design an AES module consuming as little as possible, mostly by leveraging on the architecture. This paper presents two contributions. First of all, we present design guidelines for low-power AES, including lazy dataflow, glitch reduction techniques in combinational logic and algebraic simplification of diffusion operations. These optimizations allow to divide by two the power consumption of the AES module. Second, we show a methodology to improve the power consumption using a high-level technology-independent power and security evaluation tool (Virtualyzr).
Dual-band antenna based on epsilon-negative transmission line for body-centric communication (2014)

In this paper, a dual-band low-profile antenna based on the epsilon negative (ENG) meta-structured transmission line (MTL) for wireless body centric communications is presented. It is composed of four unit-cells with modified mushroom-like structures. The physical size and operational frequencies of the antenna are both determined by the epsilon negative unit-cell. More importantly, besides low profile and simplicity of the antenna configuration, its admirable radiation characteristics, i. e., Omni-directional pattern in azimuth plane at low frequency band (for on-body communication) and Uni-directional pattern in elevation plane at upper frequency band (for off-body communication), could be well obtained, which is quite suitable for body-centric communication applications.
Role of Toll-like receptors in Helicobacter pylori infection and immunity (2014)

The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects the stomachs of approximately half of the world's population. Although infection induces an immune response that contributes to chronic gastric inflammation, the response is not sufficient to eliminate the bacterium. H. pylori infection causes peptic ulcers, gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Disease outcome is linked to the severity of the host inflammatory response. Gastric epithelial cells represent the first line of innate immune defence against H. pylori, and respond to infection by initiating numerous cell signalling cascades, resulting in cytokine induction and the subsequent recruitment of inflammatory cells to the gastric mucosa. Pathogen recognition receptors of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family mediate many of these cell signalling events. This review discusses recent findings on the role of various TLRs in the recognition of H. pylori in distinct cell types, describes the TLRs responsible for the recognition of individual H. pylori components and outlines the influence of innate immune activation on the subsequent development of the adaptive immune response. The mechanistic identification of host mediators of H. pylori-induced pathogenesis has the potential to reveal drug targets and opportunities for therapeutic intervention or prevention of H. pylori-associated disease by means of vaccines or immunomodulatory therapy.
Distribution of Clinical Mastitis Among Quarters of the Bovine Udder (1993)

Clinical mastitis episodes occurring from 1962 through 1991 in the Louisiana State University Dairy Research Herd were studied to determine the distribution of clinical mastitis among quarters of the udder. Data were detailed records of all mastitis episodes that occurred during 1630 Holstein lactations. Incidence of episodes, categorized according to which quarters within a cow were clinical for a given case, were compared with mathematical expectations based upon the assumption that quarters were independent. Results indicated that quarters within a cow were more alike with respect to clinical mastitis than would be expected if quarters were independent. More episodes occurred in which either no quarters or all four quarters were clinical. Deviation of observed frequencies from expectation could have resulted from generalized cow differences, such as cow milk yield, immune competency, mammary type characteristics, and general health. Front quarters had less clinical mastitis than rear quarters when all episodes were considered. No difference was observed in incidence between front and rear quarters when only first episodes in first lactations were considered. No difference was observed between incidence in left and right quarters. Diagonal pairs occurred less often than expected and at about half the frequency of other pairs. Dependence between quarters should be taken into consideration when experiments are designed and analyzed.
Performance Evaluation of TCP over Optical Burst-Switched Data Center Network (2015)

In this paper, we consider the performance of the transmission control protocol (TCP) when used in data center networks featuring optical burst switching (OBS). We evaluate the performance using network-level simulation. The bandwidth-delay product in wide-area OBS networks is high enough to require the use of one-way reservation to achieve good throughput. The resulting burst loss will be mistakenly interpreted by the TCP layer as congestion in the network, leading to serious degradation of the TCP performance. The reduced bandwidth-delay product in data center networks allows the use of two-way reservation that results in zero burst loss. We show that this results in improved performance when TCP is used. The modelled switch architecture features fast optical switches in a single hop topology with a centralized optical control plane. We apply different workloads with various burst assembly parameters to evaluate the performance of TCP. Our results show that, with suitable choices for the OBS system parameters, low latency and high throughput performance can be achieved when using TCP.
GLAD: Global–Local-Alignment Descriptor for Scalable Person Re-Identification (2018)

The huge variance of human pose and the misalign-ment of detected human images significantly increase the difficulty of pedestrian image matching in person Re-Identification (Re-ID). Moreover, the massive visual data being produced by surveillance video cameras requires highly efficient person Re-ID systems. Targeting to solve the first problem, this work proposes a robust and discriminative pedestrian image descriptor, namely, the Global-Local-Alignment Descriptor (GLAD). For the second problem, this work treats person Re-ID as image retrieval and proposes an efficient indexing and retrieval framework. GLAD explicitly leverages the local and global cues in the human body to generate a discriminative and robust representation. It consists of part extraction and descriptor learning modules, where several part regions are first detected and then deep neural networks are designed for representation learning on both the local and global regions. A hierarchical indexing and retrieval framework is designed to perform offline relevance mining to eliminate the huge person ID redundancy in the gallery set, and accelerate the online Re-ID procedure. Extensive experimental results on widely used public benchmark datasets show GLAD achieves competitive accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods. On a large-scale person, with the Re-ID dataset containing more than 520 K images, our retrieval framework significantly accelerates the online Re-ID procedure while also improving Re-ID accuracy. Therefore, this work has the potential to work better on person Re-ID tasks in real scenarios.
Introduction (2015)

Various overlapping interpretations have been offered for this striking image – it is Oðinn/Woden leading an ecstatic dance; a warrior in ritual transformation from man to wolf; a shaman enacting an initiatory rite; the dramatisation of a mythological scene. We will almost certainly never understand what message this image was truly intended to convey. What is clear, however, is that in this image the categories of beast and human are inextricably blurred, confused, confounded. Who here is the human? Which is the god, the animal, the hybrid? Does the naked spearman wear birds upon his head or do divine raptors control the body of a human puppet? Does a man wear a wolf's clothing, or does a wolf wear a man’s? It is precisely this sort of ambiguity in the representation of beasts and beast-identities that lies at the heart of this collection of papers.The image on the cover of this book is a matrix of seventh-century date, found at Torslunda in Sweden, and designed for the production of panels of decorated metal ultimately destined for the ostentatious helmets of an élite warrior aristocracy. Objects bearing this style of iconographic display are exemplified by finds from the Swedish cemeteries of Vendel and Valsgärde, and also in similar objects from English contexts: the famous helmet from mound 1 at the Sutton Hoo cemetery in East Anglia, and fragments from the Staffordshire Hoard found in the West Midlands.
Making Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Work. Review: The application of solid freeform fabrication technology to the production of tissue engineering scaffolds (2003)

Tissue engineering is a new and exciting technique which has the potential to create tissues and organs de novo. It involves the in vitro seeding and attachment of human cells onto a scaffold. These cells then proliferate, migrate and differentiate into the specific tissue while secreting the extracellular matrix components required to create the tissue. It is evident, therefore, that the choice of scaffold is crucial to enable the cells to behave in the required manner to produce tissues and organs of the desired shape and size. Current scaffolds, made by conventional scaffold fabrication techniques, are generally foams of synthetic polymers. The cells do not necessarily recognise such surfaces, and most importantly cells cannot migrate more than 500 microm from the surface. The lack of oxygen and nutrient supply governs this depth. Solid freeform fabrication (SFF) uses layer-manufacturing strategies to create physical objects directly from computer-generated models. It can improve current scaffold design by controlling scaffold parameters such as pore size, porosity and pore distribution, as well as incorporating an artificial vascular system, thereby increasing the mass transport of oxygen and nutrients into the interior of the scaffold and supporting cellular growth in that region. Several SFF systems have produced tissue engineering scaffolds with this concept in mind which will be the main focus of this review. We are developing scaffolds from collagen and with an internal vascular architecture using SFF. Collagen has major advantages as it provides a favourable surface for cellular attachment. The vascular system allows for the supply of nutrients and oxygen throughout the scaffold. The future of tissue engineering scaffolds is intertwined with SFF technologies.
Photonic crystal fibres for sensing applications (2010)

In this paper, it is presented a brief review of the sensing applications using photonic crystal fibres. Since the first publication, several authors have studied their properties and possible applications in engineering. Due to their geometry, the great potential in optical sensing is in bio and gas sensing. Recently, with the possibility of inscribing Bragg grating structures on these fibres, it is possible to use them for other applications. Finally, this paper reviews the recent works with different types of photonic crystal fibres for interferometry.
Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapour Exchange of Leaves on Field-Grown Citrus Trees (1982)

Carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange rates were measured on attached leaves of field-grown citrus trees. The exchange rates were measured continuously during several weeks in the spring of two successive years. These data confirmed the rather low rates of maximum CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt; exchange (6–11 μmol m−2 s−1) by citrus leaves. However, the maximum rate was maintained through the midday period on only about half the days. On the other days, characterized by high temperatures and high atmospheric water vapour pressure deficits, pronounced midday depressions in CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt; exchange rates were observed. Since midday transpiration remained stable at a constant rate even with increasing vapour pressure deficit, these results indicate that stomatal closure was occurring. In fact, the data suggest tfiat specific, maximum transpiration rates were associated with differing rootstocks. Thus, the rate of water supply to the leaves may be an important factor in determining the maximum transpiration rate, and thereby mediating control of stomatal conductance and the resultant midday depression in CO2 exchange rates.
Insights into Inflammation and Influenza (2008)

The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses in Asia and their spread globally have delivered a timely reminder of the public health and clinical challenges an influenza pandemic would pose. It is remarkable how little patient-oriented clinical research has been conducted over the past 30 years on a disease that could cause such extensive loss of life. There is currently a single oral drug for the treatment of influenza (the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir) and no licensed parenteral drugs, although these are being developed. A key therapeutic question recently addressed by Zheng et al.1 in an animal model is whether adjunctive interventions would improve the outcome of infection.
Pilot Trial of Combined BRAF and EGFR Inhibition in BRAF -Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients (2015)

Combined RAF and EGFR inhibition is well tolerated, with less cutaneous toxicity than would be expected with either agent, and results in modest clinical activity in this highly aggressive and chemoresistant subset of CRC.
Diffuse intra-abdominal fibromatosis-report of a new entity with review of literature. (2004)

Fibromatosis, arare non-neoplastic spindle cell proliferation of unknown aetiology, can occur anywhere in the body. Though extra-abdominal sites are commonly involved, intra-abdominal fibromatosis has also been described. Described herein is an unusual case of diffuse intra-abdominal fibromatosis in a 9-year-old boy, who could not be salvaged despite extensive medical management.
The Conversion of Cholic Acid into 3α-Hydroxy-12-keto-Δ9(11)-cholenic Acid (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Conversion of Cholic Acid into 3α-Hydroxy-12-keto-Δ9(11)-cholenic AcidLouis F. Fieser, Srinivasa Rajagopalan, Evelyn Wilson, and Max TishlerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 9, 4133–4135Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01153a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01153a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Mitsunobu Reactions of Glycals with Phenoxide Nucleophiles are SN2′‐ Selective. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The sixth revolution in pediatric vaccinology: immunoengineering and delivery systems (2020)

Infection is the predominant cause of mortality in early life, and immunization is the most promising biomedical intervention to reduce this burden. However, very young infants fail to respond optimally to most vaccines currently in use, especially neonates. In 2005, Stanley Plotkin proposed that new delivery systems would spur a new revolution in pediatric vaccinology, just as attenuation, inactivation, cell culture of viruses, genetic engineering, and adjuvantation had done in preceding decades. Recent advances in the field of immunoengineering, which is evolving alongside vaccinology, have begun to increasingly influence vaccine formulation design. Historically, the particulate nature of materials used in many vaccine formulations was empiric, often because of the need to stabilize antigens or reduce endotoxin levels. However, present vaccine delivery systems are rationally engineered to mimic the size, shape, and surface chemistry of pathogens, and are therefore often referred to as "pathogen-like particles". More than a decade from his original assessment, we re-assess Plotkin's prediction. In addition, we highlight how immunoengineering and advanced delivery systems may be uniquely capable of enhancing vaccine responses in vulnerable populations, such as infants. IMPACT: Immunoengineering and advanced delivery systems are leading to new developments in pediatric vaccinology. Summarizes delivery systems currently in use and development, and prospects for the future. Broad overview of immunoengineering's impact on vaccinology, catering to Pediatric Clinicians and Immunologists.
Genetic analysis of absB, a Streptomyces coelicolor locus involved in global antibiotic regulation (1992)

The filamentous soil bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor is known to produce four antibiotics which are genetically and structurally distinct. An extensive search for antibiotic regulatory mutants led to the discovery of absB mutants, which are antibiotic deficient but sporulation proficient. Genetic analysis of the absB mutants has resulted in definition of the absB locus at 5 o'clock on the genetic map. Multiple cloned copies of the actII-ORF4 gene, an activator of synthesis of the antibiotic actinorhodin, restore actinorhodin biosynthetic capability to the absB mutants. These results are interpreted to mean that the failure of absB mutants to produce antibiotics results from decreased expression of the antibiotic genes. The absB gene is proposed to be involved in global regulation of antibiotic synthesis.
Third-Party Web Tracking: Policy and Technology (2012)

In the early days of the web, content was designed and hosted by a single person, group, or organization. No longer. Webpages are increasingly composed of content from myriad unrelated "third-party" websites in the business of advertising, analytics, social networking, and more. Third-party services have tremendous value: they support free content and facilitate web innovation. But third-party services come at a privacy cost: researchers, civil society organizations, and policymakers have increasingly called attention to how third parties can track a user's browsing activities across websites. This paper surveys the current policy debate surrounding third-party web tracking and explains the relevant technology. It also presents the FourthParty web measurement platform and studies we have conducted with it. Our aim is to inform researchers with essential background and tools for contributing to public understanding and policy debates about web tracking.
Efficient computation of topological entropy, pressure, conformal measures, and equilibrium states in one dimension (2007)

We describe a fast and accurate method to compute the pressure and equilibrium states for maps of the interval T:[0,1]-->[0,1] with respect to potentials phi:[0,1]-->R. An approximate Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius operator is constructed and the pressure read off as the logarithm of the leading eigenvalue of this operator. By setting phi identical with 0, we recover the topological entropy. The conformal measure and the equilibrium state are computed as eigenvectors. Our approach is extremely efficient and very simple to implement. Rigorous convergence results are stated for piecewise expanding maps.
Inside Back Cover Image, Volume 41, Issue 3 (2021)

The cover image is based on the Review Article Artificial intelligence and machine learning-aided drug discovery in central nervous system diseases: State-of-the-arts and future directions by Sezen Vatansever et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21764.