gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DyScHfOx as High-κ Gate Dielectrics: Structural and Electrical Properties (2007)

DyScHfOx high-κ dielectric thin films have been grown by atomic vapor deposition using Dy(EDMDD)3, Sc(EDMDD)3, and Hf(OBut)2(mmp)2. It was found that the entire DyxScyHfzOw com-positional range can be realized with this process. XRD showed that DyScO3 was amorphous as grown, whereas ScHfOx and Dy-HfOx were crystalline. The crystalline phase of both HfxSc1-xOy and HfxDy1-xOy changed from monoclinic to cubic around x = 0.1. Electrical characterization of nMOS capacitors and long-channel transistors showed that the EOT-leakage scaling of DyScOx was comparable to that of HfO2, whereas both DyHfOx and ScHfOx were comparable to HfSiO4. For the DyScHfOx materials, the elec-tron mobility was improved with respect to devices with HfO2 as a gate dielectric.
Association of CACNA1B Polymorphisms with Esophageal Achalasia: A Multi-Institutional Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) (2020)

Gaitanidis, Apostolos MD; Aagaard Christensen, Mathias BS; eBreen, Kerry A. BS; Velmahos, George MD FACS; Kaafarani, Haytham MD MPH FACS Author Information
Overview of the implant of intraneural multielectrodes in human for controlling a 5-fingered hand prosthesis, delivering sensorial feedback and producing rehabilitative neuroplasticity (2012)

In spite of critical rearrangements following amputation, recent findings show how neural connections can be exploited by neural interfaces. Four intraneural multielectrodes have been implanted in an amputee's for four weeks for recording neural signals and eliciting sensorial feedback. Recorded neural signals were mapped in real-time onto three actions of the robotic hand through amplitude on the best matching channel threshold method, with an 85% accuracy achieved thanks to an AI classifier trained offline. When analyzed only in time windows compatible with the transmission delay of the motor command from the cortex, identified as an event related desynchronization of the electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythm, reliability reached almost 100%. Training for robotic hand control and for sensory perception produced normalization in the EEG activation pattern and a reorganization of the motor cortical maps distinguished by TMS, with restriction of the cortical overrepresentation of muscles proximal to the stump. In parallel, a clinical improvement of phantom limb pain has been observed, that recognizes in the correction of the aberrant plasticity its anatomical substrate. Purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive overview of all the results obtained from the in-human implant experiment and to critically compare it with previous similar experiences.
Inhibition of CFTR‐mediated intestinal chloride secretion as potential therapy for bile acid diarrhea (2019)

Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is common with ileal resection, Crohn's disease, and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor (<i>R</i>)-benzopyrimido-pyrrolo-oxazine-dione-27 (BPO-27) in reducing bile acid-induced fluid and electrolyte secretion in colon. Short-circuit current measurements in human T84 colonic epithelial cells and planar colonic enteroid cultures showed a robust secretory response following mucosal but not serosal addition of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) or its taurine conjugate, which was fully blocked by CFTR inhibitors, including (<i>R</i>)-BPO-27. (<i>R</i>)-BPO-27 also fully blocked CDCA-induced secretory current in murine colon. CFTR activation by CDCA primarily involved Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. In closed colonic loops <i>in vivo</i>, luminal CDCA produced a robust secretory response, which was reduced by ∼70% by (<i>R</i>)-BPO-27 or in CFTR-deficient mice. In a rat model of BAD produced by intracolonic infusion of CDCA, (<i>R</i>)-BPO-27 reduced the elevation in stool water content by >55%. These results implicate CFTR activation in the colon as a major prosecretory mechanism of CDCA, a bile acid implicated in BAD, and support the potential therapeutic efficacy of CFTR inhibition in bile acid-associated diarrheas.-Duan, T., Cil, O., Tse, C. M., Sarker, R., Lin, R., Donowitz, M., Verkman, A. S. Inhibition of CFTR-mediated intestinal chloride secretion as potential therapy for bile acid diarrhea.
Synthesis of isoprenyl chalocone "sophoradin" isolated from Sophora subprostrata. (1975)

Sophoradin (I) [2', 4, 4'-trihydroxy-3, 3', 5-tris (3-methyl-2-butenyl) chalcone] was synthesized through Claisen-Schmidt condensation followed by demethoxymethylation. Isoprenylation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde with 3, 3-dimethylallyl bromide in 10 potassium hydroxide solution gave 4-hydroxy-3, 5-bis (3-methyl-2-butenyl) benzaldehyde (IX). Methoxymethylation of 2, 4-dihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) acetophenone (IV) and IX afforded 4-methoxymethoxy-IV (XVIII) and 4-methoxymethoxy-IX (XX). Condensation of XVIII and XX in 50% potassium hydroxide solution gave 2'-hydroxy-4, 4'-bis (methoxy-methoxy)-3, 3', 5-tris (3-methyl-2-butenyl) chalcone (XXII). Hydrolysis of XXII with methanolic hydrochloric acid gave I which was identified with natural I by mixed mp, and IR and NMR spectra.
Pathways Activated during Human Asthma Exacerbation as Revealed by Gene Expression Patterns in Blood (2011)

This study has shown that analysis of PBMCs reveals systemic changes accompanying asthma exacerbation and has laid the foundation for future comparative studies using PBMCs.
Altered sympathetic reflexes and vascular reactivity in rats after exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (2011)

Exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) yields persistent elevations in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and mean arterial pressure(MAP)with exaggerated sympathetic chemoreflexes. We examined the impact of CIH upon other sympathoexcitatory reflexes and a potential central mechanism underlying the altered regulation of SNA.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to CIH for 2 weeks (40 s at 6% O2 every 9 min, 8 h day⁻¹). After exposure to CIH, urethane-anaesthetized, vagotomized, ventilated, paralysed rats had significantly elevated MAP, splanchnic SNA, and rate of phrenic nerve discharge (PND; P<0.05). Elimination of SNA by ganglionic blockade produced a larger fall in MAP in rats exposed to CIH (P<0.05). Like acute hypoxia, stimulation of the sciatic nerve or the nasal mucosa evoked greater increases in SNA after exposure to CIH (P<0.05). In addition, acute hypoxia promoted exaggerated increases in PND amplitude after CIH (P<0.05). In contrast, the nasopharyngeal reflex evoked exaggerated increases in SNA during apnoea. These sympathoexcitatory reflexes are mediated by glutamatergic activation of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), and accordingly, microinjections of glutamate into RVLM evoked larger increases in SNA after CIH (P<0.05). Paradoxically, none of these exaggerated acute rises in SNA was accompanied by enhanced pressor responses. Reduced adrenergic vascular reactivity may contribute to the blunted sympathetically mediated pressor responses, because bolus doses of phenylephrine evoked attenuated pressor responses after CIH (P<0.01).These data suggest exposure to CIH facilitates activation of SNA, potentially by changes within the RVLM. However, the exaggerated rises in SNA are not dependent upon stimulation of inspiratory drive. Although elevated SNA may contribute to CIH-induced hypertension, reduced adrenergic vascular reactivity buffers the cardiovascular impact of exaggerated acute rises in SNA.
Validation of a Modified Version of the German Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (2022)

Background: Physical inactivity and excessive sedentary behavior (SB) are growing public health issues that require surveillance, guidelines, and targeted interventions. In addition to a variety of sophisticated technical methods, questionnaires are still an attractive method for quick, easy, comprehensive, and cost-effective estimation of SB. The aim of this study was to validate a modified version of the widely used Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) compared to waist-worn accelerometers as an objective measurement. Contemporary explanations covering the use of smart devices have been added to the original instrument, and sitting while handwriting was explicated in more detail. Methods: Cross-sectional data from an adult sample (n = 64, 20−85 y, 25 m, 39 f) were used in this first validation study. Based on prior investigations of the SBQ, analyses were conducted in a gender-specific manner. Criterion validity was assessed using Spearman’s Rho coefficients. The Bland−Altman method was used to test the agreement between self-reported and accelerometer-measured SB time. Results: Using the modified SBQ (mSBQ), a significant gender difference in weekly sedentary time was found. Women estimated their sedentary time to be almost 50% higher than men (median 74.5 h vs. 51.0 h). No correlation was found between the questionnaire and accelerometer data for both subgroups (rho ≤ 0.281, p ≥ 0.174). Individual differences in daily SB estimation between both methods (in relation to accelerometry) were +3.82 h ± 4.36 h for women and +0.48 h ± 2.58 h for men (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The modifications to the SBQ did not improve the correlation between self-assessment of SB and objective determination. The reasons for the presented gender-specific overestimation of the participants’ own sedentary time, which contradicts the findings of other studies, remain unclear and need to be investigated further.
Metabolic Origin of Bold Signal Fluctuations in the Absence of Stimuli (2008)

Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown the existence of ongoing blood flow fluctuations in the absence of stimuli. Although this so-called 'resting-state activity' appears to be correlated across brain regions with apparent functional relationship, its origin might be predominantly vascular and not directly representing neuronal signaling. To investigate this, we simultaneously measured BOLD and perfusion signals on healthy human subjects (n=11) and used their ratio (BOLD/perfusion ratio or BPR) as an indicator of metabolic demand. BPR during rest and sleep was compared with that during a visual task (VT) and a breath-holding task (BH), which are challenges with substantial and little metabolic involvement, respectively. Within the visual cortex, BPR was 3.76+/-1.23 during BH, which was significantly higher than during the VT (1.76+/-0.27) and rest (1.56+/-0.41). Meanwhile, BPR values during VT and rest were not significantly different, suggesting a similar metabolic involvement. Eight subjects showed stage 1 and 2 sleep, during which temporally correlated BOLD and perfusion activity continued. In these subjects, there was no significant difference in BPR between the sleep and waking conditions (1.79+/-0.54 and 1.66+/-0.67, respectively), but both were lower than the BPR during BH. These data suggest that resting-state activity, at least in part, represents a metabolic process.
The Development of Consciousness of Self and the Emergence of Racial Identification in Negro Preschool Children (1939)

(1939). The Development of Consciousness of Self and the Emergence of Racial Identification in Negro Preschool Children. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 591-599.
Induction of endothelial RAGE expression in pterygium. (2014)

Our data reveal that RAGE expression is upregulated in vascular endothelial cells in pterygium. RAGE upregulation is an important mechanism by which endothelial cells amplify the overall inflammatory response, and suppression of RAGE has been shown to prevent the progression of some systemic disease processes in experimental models. This suggests that pharmacologic targeting of RAGE, which is already being attempted in clinical trials for some diseases, could be useful in treating pterygium.
Advancing The Cancer Genome Atlas glioma MRI collections with expert segmentation labels and radiomic features (2017)

Gliomas belong to a group of central nervous system tumors, and consist of various sub-regions. Gold standard labeling of these sub-regions in radiographic imaging is essential for both clinical and computational studies, including radiomic and radiogenomic analyses. Towards this end, we release segmentation labels and radiomic features for all pre-operative multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=243) of the multi-institutional glioma collections of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), publicly available in The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Pre-operative scans were identified in both glioblastoma (TCGA-GBM, n=135) and low-grade-glioma (TCGA-LGG, n=108) collections via radiological assessment. The glioma sub-region labels were produced by an automated state-of-the-art method and manually revised by an expert board-certified neuroradiologist. An extensive panel of radiomic features was extracted based on the manually-revised labels. This set of labels and features should enable i) direct utilization of the TCGA/TCIA glioma collections towards repeatable, reproducible and comparative quantitative studies leading to new predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic assessments, as well as ii) performance evaluation of computer-aided segmentation methods, and comparison to our state-of-the-art method.
annot8r: GO, EC and KEGG annotation of EST datasets (2008)

annot8r is a tool that assigns GO, EC and KEGG annotations for data sets resulting from EST sequencing projects both rapidly and efficiently. The benefits of an underlying relational database, flexibility and the ease of use of the program make it ideally suited for non-model species EST-sequencing projects.
Expression of thromboxane synthase, TBXAS1 and the thromboxane A2 receptor, TBXA2R, in human breast cancer (2005)

Thromboxane synthases are differentially expressed in human breast cancer. While TBXA2R is highly expressed in aggressive tumours and linked with poor prognosis, TBXAS1 is expressed at significantly low levels in high grade tumours and tumour patients with poor prognosis. TBXA2R thus has a significant prognostic value in clinical breast cancer.
DOA estimation of correlated wideband signals by using multi-band EM algorithm (2014)

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem for wideband signals with an array antenna is considered in this report. History of the DOA estimation for wideband signal has several decades. Many techniques have been proposed. However, several problems still remains to be solved or to be developed to make use of wideband signal properties. Much more attention has been paid to wideband DOA estimation because of broadband communications based on the OFDM, UWB, and so forth.
<title>Vibration control by smart structure with electrorheological fluid</title> (2001)

The active vibration with smart material has potential to realize not only distributed actuator and sensor but also simplified and light weight active control methods. Electro-Rheological Fluid can produce shear force according to voltage of electrical field and respond quickly enough to control structure. In this paper, control methods to achieve effective damping are described. The key points are modeling the smart structure with Electro-Rheological Fluid and control methods for reducing vibration. The nonlinear model is derived to identify physical parameters of Electro- Rheological Fluid. The vibration test results of small specimens show that this analytical model can express electro-rheological effect. The analytical model is made for larger specimen in the same manner. The effects of vibration reduction with Electro-Rheological Fluid on the bema structure are investigated as the vibration control system, where the strength of electrical field for input and minimizing the transmissibility of vibratory loads for objective analytically. As the results of this study, it is revealed that smart structure embedded ERF can achieve the expected damping performance. Some technical issues of control method for applying to any actual structures are discussed.
Methotrexate analogs. 31. Meta and ortho isomers of aminopterin, compounds with a double bond in the side chain, and a novel analog modified at the .alpha.-carbon: chemical and in vitro biological studies [Erratum to document cited in CA109(1):6923u] (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethotrexate analogs. 31. Meta and ortho isomers of aminopterin, compounds with a double bond in the side chain, and a novel analog modified at the .alpha.-carbon: chemical and in vitro biological studies [Erratum to document cited in CA109(1):6923u]Andre Rosowsky, Henry Bader, Ronald A. Forsch, Richard G. Moran, and James H. FreisheimCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 12, 2582Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00132a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00132a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Hantzsch Based Macrocyclization Approach for the Synthesis of Thiazole Containing Cyclopeptides (2015)

Abstract Review: 57 refs.
VAPOR-PHASE HYDROGENATION OF MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE TO GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE. 1. ROLE OF CATALYST COMPOSITION (1994)

Cubic spinel-type phases containing excess copper ions may be obtained by controlled oxidation of homogeneous copper-rich coprecipitates. Partial substitution of the copper ions with other divalent cations leads to considerable modifications in both thermal stability and catalytic properties. Cadmium ions give rise to dramatic deactivation in the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride (MA), while zinc ions favour the hydrogenation of succinic anhydride (SA) to gamma-butyrolactone (GBL). On the other hand, the partial substitution with Mg2+ ions increases the productivity in GBL, inhibiting the reactions of over-hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis. When both Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions are present production of GBL is higher and hydrogenolysis essentially does not occur. Furthermore, the Cu/Zn/Mg/Cr catalyst investigated in reaction conditions of industrial interest did not show any scale-up problems or deactivation phenomena with increasing time-on-stream.
Effect of shelf life of brown algae Sargassum wightii (Fucales/Phaeophyta) and Turbinaria conoides (Fucales/Phaeophyta) on alginic acid yield (2001)

Two brown algae Sargassum wightii and Turbinaria conoides were collected from the shores of Mandapam, (south east coast of India) then dried in air under sun and shade separately and stored at room temperature (30±2°C) for a period of 120 days. Their alginic acid yield was determined at regular intervals of 15 days period. In sun dried Sargassum wightii, (moislure content 84.81±2.31%), slight increase in alginic acid was observed from 30 days to 105 days whereas in shade dried alga (moisture 81.17±2.19%), slight decrease in alginic acid yield was obtained on 120 th day. In the case of Turbinaria conoides, depletion of alginic acid yield was more in shade dried alga (moisture 81.82±1.68%) and lesser in sun dried alga (moisture 83.96±2.5%). Therefore algae dried under direct sunlight and then stored in polythene bags increases the shelf life of above algae with respect to alginic acid content.
Atom-Economical Access to Highly Substituted Indenes and Furan-2-ones via Tandem Reaction of Diazo Compounds and Propargyl Alcohols (2014)

A facile synthesis of highly substituted as well as conjugated indene/furanone systems via a BF3·OEt2 catalyzed tandem reaction of α-diazo-esters/-amides and propargyl alcohols has been demonstrated under mild conditions. This method offers great potential for the synthesis of biologically active indene and furanone derivatives and their related polycyclic compounds.
CMOS scaling beyond 32nm (2009)

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities facing CMOS process generations past the 32nm technology node. Planar and multiple-gate devices are compared and contrasted. Resistance and capacitance challenges are reviewed in relation to past history and on-going research. Key enhancers such as high-k metal-gate (HiK-MG), substrate and channel orientation, and NMOS and PMOS strain, are discussed in relation to the challenges of the coming transistor generations.
Immunity to Neisseria meningitidis Group B in Adults despite Lack of Serum Bactericidal Antibody (2007)

Serum-complement-mediated bactericidal antibody (SBA) remains the serologic hallmark of protection against meningococcal disease, despite experimental and epidemiologic data that SBA may underestimate immunity. We measured bactericidal activity against three strains of Neisseria meningitidis group B in sera from 48 healthy adults and in whole blood from 15 subjects. Blood was anticoagulated with lepirudin, a specific thrombin inhibitor not known to activate complement. Depending on the test strain, protective SBA titers of >/=1:4 were present in only 8 to 15% of the subjects, whereas bactericidal activity was present in 40 to 87% of subjects according to the blood assay. Among SBA-negative subjects, blood from 23 to 42% gave a decrease of >/=2 log(10) CFU/ml after 1 h of incubation, and blood from 36 to 83% gave a decrease of >/=1 log(10) after 2 h. For most blood samples, bactericidal antibodies primarily were directed against noncapsular antigens, since activity was not inhibited by group B polysaccharide. For some SBA-negative subjects, white cells were not needed, since similar respective bactericidal activities were observed in blood and plasma. Bactericidal activity by whole blood of SBA-negative subjects can be rapid (<1 h) and effective (>/=2 log(10)) and, among all subjects, was four- to sixfold more prevalent than a positive SBA. Thus, while an SBA titer of >/=1:4 predicts protection against meningococcal disease, a titer of <1:4 is poorly predictive of susceptibility. More sensitive assays than SBA are needed to assess protective meningococcal immunity, or we risk underestimating the extent of immunity in the population and the effectiveness of new meningococcal vaccines.
Supplemental Figures S1-9 from Nrf2 Activation Protects against Solar-Simulated Ultraviolet Radiation in Mice and Humans (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S1. Spectral characteristics of UVA 340 lamps. Figure S2. Nrf2 disruption leads to an increase in the mRNA of Nrf3, but not Nrf1, in skin of SKH-1 hairless mice. Figure S3. TBE-31 treatment induces NQO1 in dermis and epidermis of WT SKH-1 hairless mice, but has no effect in Nrf2-KO animals. Figure S5. The architecture of the skin is similar among WT, Nrf2-KO and Keap1-KD SKH-1 hairless mice. Figure S6. Dose optimization for the use of TBE-31 as a pharmacological agent for protection against cutaneous carcinogenesis mediated by solar-simulated UV radiation. Figure S7. Optimization of azathioprine treatment in SKH-1 hairless mice. Figure S8. HPLC analysis of the sulforaphane (SF, active)- and glucoraphanin (GR, placebo) extracts used in the human study. Figure S9. NQO1 inducer activity of the sulforaphane (SF, active)- and glucoraphanin (GR, placebo) extracts used in the human study.&lt;/p&gt;