gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wired/Wireless Internet Communications: Second International Conference, WWIC 2004, Frankfurt/Oder, Germany, February 4-6, 2004, Proceedings (2004)

Session 1: Protocol Engineering and Energy Efficiency in Wireless Networks.- Distributed MAC Protocol to Improve Energy and Channel Efficiency in MANET.- CGGC: Cached Greedy Geocast.- Design of Energy Efficient Wireless Networks Using Dynamic Data Type Refinement Methodology.- Context-Aware Group Communication in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks.- Session 2: Mobility Management and Mobile Devices.- An Empirical Wi-Fi Based Location Mechanism for Urban Search and Rescue Operations.- Mobility-Aware Rendezvous Point for Mobile Multicast Sources.- An Address Configuration and Confirmation Scheme for Seamless Mobility Support in IPv6 Network.- Session 3: Transport Layer and Congestion Control.- TCP Optimization through FEC, ARQ, and Transmission Power Tradeoffs.- Sliding Mode Congestion Control in Differentiated Service Communication Networks.- Application of Robust Fuzzy Adaptive Second-Order Sliding-Mode Control to Active Queue Management.- Graceful Degradation of Transport Layer in Mobile Internet.- Session 4: Architecture, Implementation, and Experimentation.- Implementing Ad Hoc to Terrestrial Network Gateways.- Connecting Wireless Sensornets with TCP/IP Networks.- Experimental Analysis of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks.- Session 5: Network and Protocol Modeling.- High-Level Behavioral SDL Model for the IEEE 802.15.3 MAC Protocol.- Performance of Phase Modulated Systems Using Fully Saturated Power Amplifiers.- On Connectivity in Ad Hoc Networks under Jamming Using Directional Antennas and Mobility.- The Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Protocol: An Analytical Model of the Route Acquisition Process.- Session 6: Wireless Network Scheduling and Analysis.- A Scheduling Algorithm for a QoS Based Satellite Network.- A Power-Allocation-Combined Scheduling Algorithm for CDMA-Based High-Rate Packet Data Systems.- Analyzing the Performance of Data Users in Packet Switched Wireless Systems with Prioritized Voice Traffic.- Session 7: Multimedia Distribution and Group Communication.- Adaptive Multimedia Streaming for Heterogeneous Networks.- A Scalable and Adaptive Key Management Protocol for Group Communication.- Smooth Fast Broadcasting (SFB) for Compressed Videos.- Session 8: Service Discovery.- Dynamic Management of UDDI Registries in a Wireless Environment of Web Services.- An Agent-Based Architecture for Service Discovery and Negotiation in Wireless Networks.
A preliminary report on a new hydraulic sphincter for controlling urinary incontinence (1991)

A new pressure-regulated artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been developed which overcomes many of the deficiencies of earlier devices. This implantable AUS comprises a circular occluder cuff and the means to inflate and deflate through a pressure-regulated valve. The device is made from medical-grade silicone rubber and filled with radio-opaque isotonic fluid. A few days before surgery the implant is coated on the outside with an antibiotic-loaded silicone rubber solution. Tests have shown that the regulated pressure was very easily adjusted in situ by injecting or withdrawing the hydraulic fluid through a hypodermic needle penetrating a self-sealing filling port. When set, the regulated pressure remained very stable. The mechanism by which cuff pressure was increased to overcome stress incontinence worked well. Of the five earlier devices (AUS Mk I) implanted, none has survived without mechanical failure. The two latest implants (Mk II), which were rigorously tested for defects before implantation, have been more successful.
Pullulanase synthesis in Klebsiella (Aerobacter) aerogenes strains growing in continuous culture (1974)

1. Pullulanase synthesis was studied in 16 classified (N.C.I.B.) strains and in an industrial strain (R) of Klebsiella aerogenes grown in chemostats containing maltose as inducer and sole carbon source. 2. Maximum synthesis was associated with carbon-limited growth at a low dilution rate (about 0.2h(-1)). The enzyme remained firmly cell-bound and seemed to be located on the cell surface. 3. Three strains had high activity (R, N.C.I.B. 5938, 8017), twelve were intermediate, and two (N.C.I.B. 8153, 9146) had negligible activity but were inducible with pullulan. 4. Pullulan similarly induced low, but adequate, activity in the other strains in conditions (nutrient limitation other than carbon-limitation) in which pullulanase was otherwise very seriously repressed. Nevertheless, in carbon limitation pullulan induced no more enzyme than did maltose, maltotriose or oligosaccharide mixtures, and ;hyperactivity' never developed on protracted culture. 5. Cyclic AMP relieved the transient repression produced by adding glucose to maltose-limited cultures and a further change to glucose-limited conditions led to constitutive pullulanase synthesis. 6. Amylomaltase and alpha-glucosidase activities were also examined but in less detail. 7. The presence of pullulanase in maltose-limited growth is discussed, but no clear function can be assigned to it at present. The molar growth yields for all the strains were very similar, and no correlation was found between the overgrowth of one strain by another and pullulanase activity. Further, any function as a general branching enzyme in polysaccharide synthesis seems unlikely.
Identifying foldable regions in protein sequence from the hydrophobic signal (2007)

Structural genomics initiatives aim to elucidate representative 3D structures for the majority of protein families over the next decade, but many obstacles must be overcome. The correct design of constructs is extremely important since many proteins will be too large or contain unstructured regions and will not be amenable to crystallization. It is therefore essential to identify regions in protein sequences that are likely to be suitable for structural study. Scooby-Domain is a fast and simple method to identify globular domains in protein sequences. Domains are compact units of protein structure and their correct delineation will aid structural elucidation through a divide-and-conquer approach. Scooby-Domain predictions are based on the observed lengths and hydrophobicities of domains from proteins with known tertiary structure. The prediction method employs an A*-search to identify sequence regions that form a globular structure and those that are unstructured. On a test set of 173 proteins with consensus CATH and SCOP domain definitions, Scooby-Domain has a sensitivity of 50% and an accuracy of 29%, which is better than current state-of-the-art methods. The method does not rely on homology searches and, therefore, can identify previously unknown domains.
Automatic Removal of Imperfections and Change Detection for Accurate 3D Urban Cartography by Classification and Incremental Updating (2013)

In this article, we present a new method of automatic 3D urban cartography in which different imperfections are progressively removed by incremental updating, exploiting the concept of multiple passages, using specialized functions. In the proposed method, the 3D point clouds are first classified into three main object classes: permanently static, temporarily static and mobile, using a new point matching technique. The temporarily static and mobile objects are then removed from the 3D point clouds, leaving behind a perforated 3D point cloud of the urban scene. These perforated 3D point clouds obtained from successive passages (in the same place) on different days and at different times are then matched together to complete the 3D urban landscape. The changes occurring in the urban landscape over this period of time are detected and analyzed using cognitive functions of similarity, and the resulting 3D cartography is progressively modified accordingly. The specialized functions introduced help to remove the different imperfections, due to occlusions, misclassifications and different changes occurring in the environment over time, thus ncreasing the robustness of the method. The results, evaluated on real data, demonstrate that not only is the resulting 3D cartography accurate, containing only the exact permanent features free from imperfections, but the method is also suitable for handling large urban scenes.
Subject Index Vol. 23, 2008 (2008)

Diprosopus tetraophtalmus 82 Diverticulum 10 Dividing membrane 69 Down syndrome 173, 211, 245, 254 --births 308 Dysraphic syndromes 271 Early intraperitoneal transfusion 159 Ehlers-Dunlos syndrome 7 Endoscopy 293 Extralobar pulmonary sequestration 299 False reassurance 308 Fetal adrenal mass 72 -aneuploidies 105 -anomalies 76 -brain tumor 1 -cardiocentesis 237 -death 192 -dysrhythmia 10 -echocardiography 10 -goiter 132 -heart malformation 136 -hydrops 136, 299 -intravascular transfusion 159 -loss 30 -malformation 192 -neuroblastoma 72 -ovarian cysts 132 -pathology and syndromology 228 -pulmonary artery 46 -reduction 237 -surgery 89, 271 -therapy 114, 237 -thyrotoxicosis 114 -weight estimation 204 Feticide 192 -, selective 121 Fetoscopy 121, 293 Fine-Lubinsky syndrome 228 First-trimester ultrasound scan 173 Flat face 228 Fluorescence in situ hybridization 30 Gamma 2 actin 36 Gastroschisis 60, 95 Gender 149 Gene expression 263 -polymorphism 36 Abdominal eventration 117 -wall defect 117 Absent ductus venosus 136 Acardiac fetus 100 --, delayed structural development 100 ACTG2 36 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 164 Adjuvant maternal immunoglobulin therapy 159 Adrenal gland 72 -haemorrhage 72
Loss of Function of E-Cadherin in Embryonic Stem Cells and the Relevance to Models of Tumorigenesis (2010)

E-cadherin is the primary cell adhesion molecule within the epithelium, and loss of this protein is associated with a more aggressive tumour phenotype and poorer patient prognosis in many cancers. Loss of E-cadherin is a defining characteristic of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with tumour cell metastasis. We have previously demonstrated an EMT event during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation, and that loss of E-cadherin in these cells results in altered growth factor response and changes in cell surface localisation of promigratory molecules. We discuss the implication of loss of E-cadherin in ES cells within the context of cancer stem cells and current models of tumorigenesis. We propose that aberrant E-cadherin expression is a critical contributing factor to neoplasia and the early stages of tumorigenesis in the absence of EMT by altering growth factor response of the cells, resulting in increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and acquisition of a stem cell-like phenotype.
Representing and querying changes in semistructured data (2002)

Semistructured data may be irregular and incomplete and does not necessarily conform to a fixed schema. As with structured data, it is often desirable to maintain a history of changes to data, and to query over both the data and the changes. Representing and querying changes in semistructured data is more difficult than in structured data due to the irregularity and lack of schema. We present a model for representing changes in semistructured data and a language for querying over these changes. An important feature of our approach is that we represent and query changes directly as annotations on the affected data, instead of indirectly as the difference between database states. We describe the implementation of our model and query language. We also describe the design and implementation of a query subscription service that permits users to subscribe to changes in semistructured information sources.
Inositol Trisphosphate Mobilizes Intracellular Calcium in Permeabilized Adrenal Chromaffin Cells (1986)

Using permeabilized chromaffin cells and the fluorescent probe Quin 2 (an indicator of free Ca2+), we found that inositol trisphosphate (IP3) specifically triggered an immediate and dose-dependent release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Desensitization of the response was observed at nonsaturating concentrations of inositol trisphosphate and resequestration of Ca2+ was not observed. While representing only a small fraction of the total cellular Ca2+, the amount released by IP3 could significantly raise cytosolic Ca2+ and may account for muscarinic effects on Ca2+ metabolism in chromaffin cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1‐(E)‐Alkenylsulfoximines. (1986)

Abstract Aus dem optisch aktiven Sulfoximinen (I) werden durch Silylierung zu (II) und nachfolgende Umsetzung mit Butyllithium und den Aldehyden (III) die E‐Alkenyl‐ Derivate (IV) erhalten.
HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC HEAT SINKS (2011)

A premiere free-access and peer-reviewed frontier journal site, serving the needs of the thermal-fluids community. See the latest research or submit an article. Quickly share your research with the global thermal-fluids community, for increased citations and impact at no cost.
Label-free fluorescence predictions from large-scale correlative light and electron microscopy data (2021)

Volume electron microscopy (EM) has revolutionized the way in which biologists understand intra-and intercellular systems. Due to the lack of biological specificity, however, interpretation of the data often requires tedious expert analysis and annotation. For this reason fluorescence microscopy (FM) is often used in conjunction with EM, complementing structural data with targeted biological labels. The downside, however is that sample preparation protocols are often laborious, time-consuming, and potentially damaging to the sample. Correlating these multi-modal datasets presents another challenge, which is compounded when registering across large spatial extents and then again for 3D.
Amino acid sequence and physicochemical similarities between streptococcal M protein and mammalian tropomyosin. (1979)

The amino-terminal sequences of two peptides of type 24 streptococcal M protein show similarities with that of rabbit skeletal muscle tropomyosin, having up to 40% identical residues and probabilities of occurring by chance as low as P less than 10(-5). In addition, a hexapeptide (Glu-Ala-Glu-Lys-Ala-Ala) that is found five times in the M24 protein was shown to be identical to a sequence in tropomyosin. Similarities are also seen in the amino acid compositions and physicochemical properties of the two proteins. The amino-terminal sequences of peptides from another bacterial surface protein, staphylococcal protein A, are highly correlated with segments of two other myofibrillar proteins, rabbit actin (P less than 10(-7)) and rabbit myosin A1 light chain (P less than 10(-6)). The data presented suggest that a close structural relationship exists between mammalian muscle proteins and the biologically active surface proteins of staphylococci and streptococci. In addition, the correlation between sequences in M protein and tropomyosin represents direct evidence of a structural similarity at a molecular level between a streptococcal protein and a mammalian muscle component and may therefore prove relevant to the pathogenicity of the streptococcus.
Recovery of rare earth metals from Ni-MH batteries: A comprehensive review (2023)

The recycling of nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMHBs) has garnered significant attention in recent years due to the growing demand for critical metals and the implementation of national and international legislation aimed at achieving zero carbon emissions and reducing environmental impact. Typically, NiMHBs contain 10 wt% of rare earth elements (REEs) including La, Ce, Nd, and Pr. However, the majority of these REEs (>90%) are being discarded in landfills each year. The scarcity of these metals and the concentrated distribution of their ore deposits in only a few countries have prompted significant concern globally. One of the existing strategies to address this issue is extraction of REEs through urban mining. This study provides an in-depth fundamental and systematic review on the existing strategies and technologies for the recovery of REEs from spent NiMHBs. Further, the state-of-the-art approaches for the individual separation of La, Ce, Nd, and Pr from aqueous media are discussed, along with their corresponding challenges and shortcomings as well as the potential future directions. The research aims to provide a transformative understanding of various methods for the recovery of REEs from NiMHBs, the available techniques for the individual separation of REEs from different secondary resources, and potential improvements in the recycling process of spent NiMHBs. The outcome of this work will contribute to the development of more efficient and effective REEs recovery methods and help address the growing concern of REEs scarcity and extraction environmental impact.
Identification of glycoinositol phospholipids in rat liver by reductive radiomethylation of amines but not in H4IIE hepatoma cells or isolated hepatocytes by biosynthetic labeling with glucosamine. (1992)

The identification of free glycoinositol phospholipids (GPIs) following biosynthetic labeling with [3H]glucosamine in cultured cells has been reported by several laboratories. We applied this procedure to two of the cell types used in these studies, H4IIE hepatoma cells and isolated hepatocytes, but were unable to detect a [3H]glucosamine-containing lipid that met any of the criteria for GPIs, including sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) or GPI-specific phospholipase D. Part of the difficulty in radiolabeling a GPI by this procedure was the rapid metabolic conversion of [3H]glucosamine to galactosamine and neutral or anionic derivatives. A PIPLC-sensitive radiolabeled lipid was detected only after 16 h of labeling. The water-soluble fragments released from this lipid by PIPLC corresponded largely to myo-inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate and myo-inositol 1-phosphate, products expected from PIPLC cleavage of phosphatidylinositol or lyso-phosphatidylinositol. In an alternative approach that we introduce here, free GPIs in lipid extracts from rat liver plasma membranes were labeled by reductive radiomethylation. This procedure, which radiomethylates primary and secondary amines, has been shown to label a glucosamine residue adjacent to inositol in all GPIs characterized to date. The labeled extracts were fractionated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography, and a cluster of polar labeled lipids were assigned as GPIs based upon the following observations. 1) They were cleaved by PIPLC, 2) after hydrolysis in 6 N HCl, both radiomethylated glucosamine and a glucosamine-inositol conjugate were identified by cation exchange chromatography, and 3) hydrolysis in 4 M trifluoroacetic acid generated a fragment consistent with glucosamine-inositol-phosphate. These results illustrate new criteria for the identification of GPIs. The labeled GPIs also contained radiomethylated ethanolamine, another component found in GPI anchors of proteins and in mature lipid precursors of GPI anchors, suggesting that the liver plasma membrane GPIs retained considerable structural homology to GPI anchors.
Analysis of protonated and alkali metal cationized aminoglycoside antibiotics by collision-activated dissociation and infrared multi-photon dissociation in the quadrupole ion trap (2000)

Nine aminoglycoside antibiotics were analyzed in two quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometers using electrospray ionization. Structural information was obtained via collision-activated dissociation (CAD) and infrared multi-photon dissociation (IRMPD) of the protonated species. Several of the compounds, having multiple basic sites, preferred the doubly protonated form while some existed in the singly charged state or were distributed between single and doubly protonated species, allowing comparison of the fragmentation patterns of the two charge states. In general, IRMPD is as efficient as CAD, produces more low-mass fragment ions, and is more universally applied owing to its low dependence on trapping, pressure and tuning conditions. Alkali metal complexation using Li(+) and Na(+) was probed as a means of producing different fragmentation patterns, but in most cases the resulting fragmentation patterns were simplified versions of those obtained for the protonated analogs.
Electromechanics in the Undergraduate Curriculum (1970)

Electromechanics, not in the confined traditional sense, but rather as the broader subject of interactions between mechanical media and electromagnetic fields, represents an opportunity for teaching both mechanics and electromagnetic field theory to electrical engineering undergraduates. Over the past six years, text material, films, and demonstrations have been developed at M.I.T. for an undergraduate course which, in a fundamental way, serves the diversity of interests held by electrical engineers: interests that range from rotating machines to plasmas and from control systems to image processing techniques. A sumnmary is given of the philosophy, content, and organization of the course with emphasis given to "threads of continuity" and motivational material. The observations are made with the benefit of discussions from a workshop sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and held in the sunmmer of 1968. This workshop brought together interested faculty for discussions related to a course of the type described.
Functional Domains of Chicken Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A for the Maintenance of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Lymphoma Cell Line DT40 (2003)

Nuclear and mitochondrial (mt) forms of chicken mt transcription factor A (c-TFAM) generated by alternative splicing of a gene (c-tfam) were cloned. c-tfam mapped at 6q1.1-q1.2 has similar exon/intron organization as mouse tfam except that the first exons encoding the nuclear and the mt form-specific sequences were positioned oppositely. When cDNA encoding the nuclear form was transiently expressed in chicken lymphoma DT40 cells after tagging at the C terminus with c-Myc, the product was localized into nucleus, whereas the only endogenous mt form of DT40 cells was immunostained exclusively within mitochondria. c-TFAM is most similar to Xenopus (xl-) TFAM in having extended C-terminal regions in addition to two high mobility group (HMG) boxes, a linker region between them, and a C-terminal tail, also found in human and mouse TFAM. Similarities between c- and xl-TFAM are higher in linker and C-terminal regions than in HMG boxes. Disruption of both tfam alleles in DT40 cells prevented proliferation. The tfam+/tfam- cells showed a 50 and 40-60% reduction of mtDNA and its transcripts, respectively. Expression of exogenous wild type c-tfam cDNA in the tfam+/tfam- cells increased mtDNA up to 4-fold in a dose-dependent manner, whereas its transcripts increased only marginally. A deletion mutant lacking the first HMG box lost this activity, whereas only marginal reduction of the activity was observed in a deletion mutant at the second HMG box. Despite the essential role of the C-terminal tail in mtDNA transcription demonstrated in vitro, deletion of c-TFAM at this region reduced the activity of maintenance of the mtDNA level only by 50%. A series of deletion mutant at the tail region suggested stimulatory and suppressive sequences in this region for the maintenance of mtDNA level.