gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D superquadric glyphs for visualizing myocardial motion (2015)

Various cardiac diseases can be diagnosed by the analysis of myocardial motion. Relevant biomarkers are radial, longitudinal, and rotational velocities of the cardiac muscle computed locally from MR images. We designed a visual encoding that maps these three attributes to glyph shapes according to a barycentric space formed by 3D superquadric glyphs. The glyphs show aggregated myocardial motion information following the AHA model and are displayed in a respective 3D layout.
Novel Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy: Infrared-Infrared-Visible Sum-Frequency Generation (2001)

A novel type of surface vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy is presented that enables a highly specific measurement of the coupling of molecules on surfaces. With this doubly vibrationally resonant technique, two-dimensional vibrational spectroscopy of molecules on surfaces becomes possible. The technique is demonstrated for the C-O stretch vibration of CO on a ruthenium (001) surface. It allows for the determination of the intermolecular coupling strength of dipole-coupled CO molecules on the surface.
Effects of computer generated reminder charts on patients' compliance with drug regimens. (1993)

An automatically generated reminder chart is a practical and cost effective aid to compliance.
On the Inefficiency of Forward Markets in Leader–Follower Competition (2020)

The role of forward contracts in mitigating market power is an important and recurring theme in oligopolistic industries, such as electricity and gas. In “On the Inefficiency of Forward Markets in Leader–Follower Competition,” D. Cai, A. Agarwal, and A. Wierman study the impact of forward contracting in situations where firms have capacity constraints and heterogeneous production lead times. The authors introduce a model that combines forward contracting and leader–follower competition and explicitly characterize the equilibrium outcomes with and without forward contracting. They show that the impact of forward markets is delicate—it may mitigate market power or create opportunities for market manipulation. In particular, leader–follower interactions due to heterogeneous production lead times may cause forward markets to be inefficient, even when there are a large number of followers. In fact, symmetric equilibria do not necessarily exist due to differences in market power among leaders and followers.
An integrated seven channel WDM receiver (1994)

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is capable of tremendously increasing the throughput capacity of fiber transmission lines. It can also be used to build all-optical networks (1). To receive the individual channels, these systems employ WDM receivers, which optically demultiplex the different channels before detecting them with photodetectors. Together with an electronic switch array, such a device could also be used as a fast tunable receiver in an all-optical network (2).
Registration of anatomical and functional 3D-data sets (1992)

Multimodality imaging creates the need for combining different data from the same location of a patient. This paper describes a software package developed for the registration and visualization of functional and anatomical data. The procedure can be applied e.g. to the MR and SPET images of neurology patients.
Chinese children's character recognition: Visuo‐orthographic, phonological processing and morphological skills (2010)

Tasks tapping visual skills, orthographic knowledge, phonological awareness, speeded naming, morphological awareness and Chinese character recognition were administered to 184 kindergarteners and 273 primary school students from Beijing. Regression analyses indicated that only syllable deletion, morphological construction and speeded number naming were unique correlates of Chinese character recognition in kindergarteners. Among primary school children, the independent correlates of character recognition were rime detection, homophone judgement, morpheme production, orthographic knowledge and speeded number naming. Results underscore the importance of some dimensions of both phonological processing and morphological awareness for both very early and intermediate Chinese reading acquisition. Although significantly correlated with character recognition in younger (but not older) children, visual skills were not uniquely associated with Chinese character reading at any grade level. However, orthographic skills were strongly associated with reading in primary school but not kindergarten, suggesting that orthographic skills are more important for literacy development as reading experience increases.
Ranking in distributed systems (1989)

Synchronization of concurrent computation is usually studied by isolating a problem of interest and then devising algorithms to solve the problem. Thus, we have the mutual exclusion problem, the dining philosophers problem, the drinking philosophers problem, the resource allocation problem, et cetera, each of which has been solved in a vast number of ways using primitives such as semaphores, eventcounts, time-stamps, tickets, and tokens. In spite of these interesting problems and their wide ranging solutions, some fundamental questions have remained unanswered--What is synchronization? What is the minimum requirement of a particular synchronization problem? How to compare and classify and various synchronization problems? We attempt to answer some of these questions here. Led by the observation that any synchronization necessarily involves some kind of arbitration among the participating processes, we formulate the notion of the rank of a process that serves as the basis for arbitration, and an underlying mechanism, called the ranker, that computes the ranks for the processes. When a process wishes to synchronize, it requests a rank from the ranker and waits until this rank has been computed. After that the process compares its rank with the ranks of other competing processes and proceeds accordingly. In order to carry out any kind of arbitration, the ranks that are computed by the ranker module should satisfy certain requirements. On close inspection of the various synchronization problems, the same few properties occur repeatedly. By identifying these properties we obtain four different specifications for the ranker module; these four rankers form a hierarchy. Each ranker in this hierarchy is best suited to solve a particular class of synchronization problems. In order to solve a particular problem, we first identify its synchronization requirements and choose an appropriate ranker. Then, we design a high level solution using the chosen ranker; the high level solution along with an implementation for the ranker constitutes a complete solution to the problem at hand. Besides the obvious advantages of modularity and separation of concerns, this method of solution permits a study and a comparison of the various synchronization problems.
Chapter 3. Reaction mechanisms. Part (ii) Polar reactions (1995)

I. W. Ashworth, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem., 1995, 92, 39 DOI: 10.1039/OC9959200039
The 1905 Einstein equation in a general mathematical analysis model of quasars (2010)

The 1905 wave equation of Albert Einstein is a model that can be used in many areas, such as physics, applied mathematics, statistics, quantum chaos and financial mathematics, etc. I will give a proof from the equation of A. Einstein’s paper “Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper” it will be done by removing the variable time (t) and the constant (c) the speed of light from the above equation and look at the factors that affect the model in a real analysis framework. Testing the model with SDSS-DR5 Quasar Catalog (Schneider +, 2007). Keywords: direction cosine, apparent magnitudes of optical light; ultraviolet (mu), green (mg), red (mr), more red (mi), and even more red (mz), redshift (z), Regression equation.
Migration of Talc From the Perineum to Multiple Pelvic Organ Sites (2019)

Our report adds new insights into the biologic potential of talc and suggests additional anatomic sites that should be closely examined for talc by oncologic surgical pathologists in the setting of perineal talc use.
DNA barcodes for two scale insect families, mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) (2011)

Although DNA barcode coverage has grown rapidly for many insect orders, there are some groups, such as scale insects, where sequence recovery has been difficult. However, using a recently developed primer set, we recovered barcode records from 373 specimens, providing coverage for 75 species from 31 genera in two families. Overall success was >90% for mealybugs and >80% for armored scale species. The G·C content was very low in most species, averaging just 16.3%. Sequence divergences (K2P) between congeneric species averaged 10.7%, while intra-specific divergences averaged 0.97%. However, the latter value was inflated by high intra-specific divergence in nine taxa, cases that may indicate species overlooked by current taxonomic treatments. Our study establishes the feasibility of developing a comprehensive barcode library for scale insects and indicates that its construction will both create an effective system for identifying scale insects and reveal taxonomic situations worthy of deeper analysis.
Behavior of Geotextile Tube for Erosion Control (2012)

토목섬유튜브공법은 고분자 합성섬유인 지오텍스타일을 활용하여 하천 및 해안구조물을 비롯하여 다양한 토목구조물을 축조할 수 있는 최신 적용공법이다. 본 논문에서는 해안가 모래의 침식을 방지를 위해 토목섬유튜브의 거동과 안정성, 침식방지 활용 가능성을 파악하고자 실내시험과 현장시험을 실시하였다. 실내시험인 대형직접전단시험 결과에 의하면 상대밀도가 증대됨에 따라 마찰각이 증가함을 알 수 있었고, 모래/토목섬유의 마찰각이 모래/모래의 마찰각보다 더 크게 나타났다. 현장시험 결과에 의하면 계측을 통해 시공 중 및 시공 후의 거동과 안정성을 파악하였고 침식방지 효과를 확인하였다. Geotextile tube method is the latest application process to construct a variety of civil structures such as river and coastal structures by using geotextile which is a high polymer synthetic fiber. In this paper, laboratory tests and field tests were conducted in order to identify the behavior, stability and application possibility of geotextile tube which prevents the erosion of coastal sand. As a result of large-scale direct shear test, which is one of laboratory tests, the increase in friction angle was shown as the relative density increased, and friction angle of sand/geotextile was larger than that of sand/sand. As a result of field test, the behavior and stability during construction and after construction were identified through measurement, and the effect of preventing erosion was confirmed.
Nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease: pre‐clinical concepts (2009)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive condition characterized by neurodegeneration and the dense deposition of proteins in the brain. There is no cure for AD and current treatments usually only provide a temporary reduction of symptoms. There is thus a strong unmet need for effective preventative and therapeutic strategies and the potential role for nutrition in such strategies is rapidly gaining interest. An Alzheimer’s brain contains fewer synapses and reduced levels of synaptic proteins and membrane phosphatides. Brain membrane phosphatide synthesis requires at least three dietary precursors: polyunsaturated fatty acids, uridine monophosphate (UMP) and choline. Animal studies have shown that administration of these nutrients increases the level of phosphatides, specific pre‐ or post‐synaptic proteins and the number of dendritic spines – a requirement for new synapse formation. These effects are markedly enhanced when animals receive all three compounds together. This multi‐nutrient approach in animals has also been shown to decrease amyloid beta protein (Aβ) plaque burden, improve learning and memory through increased cholinergic neurotransmission and have a neuroprotective effect in several mouse models of AD. Whether these potential therapeutic effects of a multi‐nutrient approach observed in animal models can also be replicated in a clinical setting warrants further investigation.
Hochtemperatur‐Chlorierung cyanalkylierter sekundärer Amine, I. Cyanäthyliertes Pyrrolidin, Piperidin und Hexamethylenimin (1970)

Abstract Chlorierung der cyanäthylierten Amine 7 und 28 bei ≦ 150° und anschließendes Erhitzen im Hochvakuum liefert die perchlorierten, durchlaufend konjugierten Bicyclen 8 und 29 . Durch Chlorieren von 7 bei ≦200° erhält man die Pyrimidine 13 und 14 . Cyanäthyliertes Piperidin 15 ergibt durch Chlorieren zwischen 150 und 300° die acylierten Derivate 16 , 23 , 24 und 25 des 2.3.4.5‐Tetrachlor‐6‐amino‐pyridins ( 18 ).
Mapping Roget's Thesaurus and WordNet to French (2008)

Roget's Thesaurus and WordNet are very widely used lexical reference works.\nWe describe an automatic mapping procedure that effectively produces French\ntranslations of the terms in these two resources. Our approach to the \nchallenging task of\ndisambiguation is based on structural statistics as well as measures of \nsemantic relatedness \nthat are utilized to learn a classification model for associations between\nentries in the thesaurus and French terms taken from bilingual dictionaries.\nBy building and applying such models, we have produced French versions of \nRoget's\nThesaurus and WordNet with a considerable level of accuracy, which can be\nused for a variety of different purposes, by humans as well as in \ncomputational applications.
Marine Farming, Environmental Monitoring, and Coastal Management (1999)

Marine shellfish cannot be harvested for domestic and export markets while the growing waters are contaminated. In New Zealand, the most common form of contamination is by coliform bacteria, washed into coastal embayments from surrounding farmland during rainfall. In collaboration with the marine farming industry and health authorities, NIWA has developed harvest criteria based on rainfall, river discharge level, or salinity as a proxy for coliform contamination. Data are stored at remote stations and downloaded via telemetry or cell phone and compared against pre-determined criteria. Information is automatically faxed to shellfish harvesters, who can also access the data via remote fax machine, often connected to cell phones on vessels. This optimises the length of time harvesting can occur following a rainfall event without fear of contaminated product. The system may be used for notification of biotoxin events or other coastal management issues whenever remote data are required in real time.
Mechanism of Ca2+-mediated Regulation of NDR Protein Kinase through Autophosphorylation and Phosphorylation by an Upstream Kinase (2003)

NDR1 (nuclear Dbf2-related) is a serine/threonine protein kinase belonging to subfamily of kinases implicated in the regulation of cell division and morphology. Previously, we demonstrated that the activity of NDR1 is controlled by phosphorylation of two regulatory residues, Ser-281 and Thr-444. Moreover, we found that NDR1 becomes activated through a direct interaction with EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding proteins of the S100 family. In this work, we characterize this regulatory mechanism in detail. We found that NDR1 autophosphorylates in vitro predominantly on Ser-281 and to a lesser extent on Thr-74 and Thr-444. All of these residues proved to be crucial also for NDR1 activity in vivo; however, in contrast to Ser-281 and Thr-444, Thr-74 seems to be involved only in binding to S100B rather than directly regulating NDR1 activity per se. When we added Ca(2+)/S100B, we observed an increased autophosphorylation on Ser-281 and Thr-444, resulting in stimulation of NDR1 activity in vitro. Using phosphospecific antibodies, we found that Ser-281 also becomes autophosphorylated in vivo, whereas Thr-444 is targeted predominantly by an as yet unidentified upstream kinase. Significantly, the Ca(2+)-chelating agent BAPTA-AM suppressed the activity and phosphorylation of NDR1 on both Ser-281 and Thr-444, and specifically, these effects were reversed when we added the sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase pump inhibitor thapsigargin.
LIBER TRIGESIMUS TERTIUS (2014)

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An approach to building model driven enterprise systems in Nebras Enterprise Framework (2002)

Using platform independent models (PIMs) in integrating enterprise systems is much more concerned nowadays. In this demonstration we are going to present an approach to build and integrate enterprise systems which has many commonalities with OMG MDA [1] concepts. There are two major integrity points of view in this approach. First, integrity from business process point of view and the second, integrity from object model point of view. We are going to present how these two are achieved in Nebras Enterprise Framework.
MUCH: Multithreaded Content-Based File Chunking (2014)

In this work, we developed a novel multithreaded variable size chunking method, MUCH, which exploits the multicore architecture of the modern microprocessors. The legacy single threaded variable size chunking method leaves much to be desired in terms of effectively exploiting the bandwidth of the state of the art storage devices. MUCH guarantees <i>chunking invariability</i> : The result of chunking does not change regardless of the degree of multithreading or the segment size. This is achieved by inter and intra-segment coalescing at the master thread and Dual Mode Chunking at the client thread. We developed an elaborate performance model to determine the optimal multithreading degree and the segment size. MUCH is implemented in the prototype deduplication system. By fully exploiting the available CPU cores (quad-core), we achieved up to <inline-formula><tex-math>$\times$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 4 increase in the chunking performance (MByte/sec). MUCH successfully addresses the performance issues of file chunking which is one of the performance bottlenecks in modern deduplication systems by parallelizing the file chunking operation while guaranteeing Chunking Invariability.
Multipassage three-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulation of turbine rotor-stator interaction (1993)

This paper deals with the development and validation of a 3D multipassage Navier-Stokes code for predicting the unsteady effects due to rotor-stator interaction in turbomachines. Prior work in two dimensions has demonstrated the necessity of including multiple rotor and stator passages in order to closely approximate the stator-to-rotor airfoil count ratio and thus accurately predict the unsteady flowfield resulting from rotor-stator interaction. In the present paper, this multipassage capability is extended to three dimensions. Numerical results obtained from a multipassage (three stator and four rotor passage) calculation of an axial turbine stage are presented. The stator-to-rotor airfoil count ratio (3:4) used in the present calculations is a close approximation to that in the actual turbine configuration (22:28). The present multipassage calculation results in a more accurate prediction of the unsteady flowfield than that possible from a single-passage calculation.
FLY ASH AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR HIGHWAYS. A MANUAL (1976)

The pozzolanic properties of fly ash, which enable it to react with lime to form cementitious products, have made fly ash a good quality base or subbase course material when used with lime or cement to stabilize aggregates and soils, or when used alone with lime or cement. Strength and durability criteria have been established for this application, and appropriate testing procedures have been developed. Construction procedures utilize standard equipment and techniques for central mixing or mix in-place operations. Fly ash is used as embankment or structural backfill material over weak or compressible soils because of the reduced surcharge that results from its light unit weight. In addition, its good shear strength properties result in low compressibility and good stability characteristics. Economies can be realized in the design of retaining structures backfilled with lightweight fly ash. Fly ash improves the flow properties and strength characteristics of grouts. It can be used alone for void-filling, or used in conjunction with Portland cement, lime, clay, sand, and gravel to develop grouts for applications related to highway structures.
A Tweak for a PRF Mode of a Compression Function and Its Applications. (2016)

We discuss a tweak for the domain extension called Merkle-Damgard with Permutation (MDP), which was presented at ASIACRYPT 2007. We first show that MDP may produce multiple independent pseudorandom functions (PRFs) using a single secret key and multiple permutations if the underlying compression function is a PRF against related key attacks with respect to the permutations. Using this result, we then construct a hash-function-based MAC function, which we call FMAC, using a compression function as its underlying primitive. We also present a scheme to extend FMAC so as to take as input a vector of strings.
Grid workflow: a flexible failure handling framework for the grid (2004)

The generic, heterogeneous, and dynamic nature of the grid requires a new from of failure recovery mechanism to address its unique requirements such as support for diverse failure handling strategies, separation of failure handling strategies from application codes, and user-defined exception handling. We here propose a grid workflow system (grid-WFS), a flexible failure handling framework for the grid, which addresses these grid-unique failure recovery requirements. Central to the framework is flexibility by the use of workflow structure as a high-level recovery policy specification. We show how this use of high-level workflow structure allows users to achieve failure recovery in a variety of ways depending on the requirements and constraints of their applications. We also demonstrate that this use of workflow structure enables users to not only rapidly prototype and investigate failure handling strategies, but also easily change them by simply modifying the encompassing workflow structure, while the application code remains intact. Finally, we present an experimental evaluation of our framework using a simulation, demonstrating the value of supporting multiple failure recovery techniques in grid systems to achieve high performance in the presence of failures.
On turbulent entrainment and dissipation in dilute polymer solutions (2009)

We present a comparative experimental study of a turbulent flow developing in clear water and dilute polymer solutions (25 and 50 wppm polyethylene oxide). The flow is forced by a planar grid that oscillates vertically with stroke S and frequency f in a square container of initially still fluid. Two-component velocity fields are measured in a vertical plane passing through the center of the tank by using time resolved particle image velocimetry. After the forcing is initiated, a turbulent layer develops that is separated from the initially irrotational fluid by a sharp interface, the so-called turbulent/nonturbulent interface (TNTI). The turbulent region grows in time through entrainment of surrounding fluid until the fluid in the whole container is in turbulent motion. From the comparison of the experiments in clear water and polymer solutions we conclude: (i) Polymer additives modify the large scale shape of the TNTI. (ii) Both, in water and in the polymer solution the mean depth of the turbulent layer, H(t), follows the theoretical prediction for Newtonian fluids H(t)∝Kt, where K∝S2f is the “grid action.” (iii) We find a larger grid action for dilute polymer solutions than for water. As a consequence, the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow increases and the rate of energy input becomes higher. (iv) The entrainment rate β=ve/vrms (where ve=dH/dt is the interface propagation velocity and vrms is the root mean square of the vertical velocity) is lower for polymers (βp≈0.7) than for water (βw≈0.8). The measured values for β are in good agreement with similarity arguments, from which we estimate that in our experiment about 28% of the input energy is dissipated by polymers.