gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on proliferation and vitamin D receptor expression of rat growth cartilage cells. (1994)

We investigated possible interaction of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] and PTH on: 1) proliferation (monolayer culture) and colony formation (agarose stabilized suspension cultures); 2) expression of 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor (VDR); and 3) cAMP response to PTH, using primary cultures of chondrocytes from rat tibia proximal epiphysis. 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3 stereospecifically stimulated DNA synthesis, cell counts, and colony formation at low concentration (10(-12) M). Within 6 h bovine PTH (bPTH)(1-34), human PTH (hPTH)(28-48) (10(-10) M), (Bu)2cAMP (1-2 mM), and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (10(-8) M) increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in the absence and presence of 1,25-(OH)2D3. Both PTH fragments also stimulated chondrocyte growth and colony formation in a Ca-dependent fashion. Prolonged exposure to bPTH(1-34) or hPTH(28-48) did not affect baseline DNA synthesis but increased the stimulatory effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3. This increase was inhibited in the presence of H7 (inhibition of PKC) or the monoclonal hPTH(1-38) antibody A1-70. In subconfluent chondrocyte cultures VDR was up-regulated by bPTH(1-34) and hPTH(28-48) (10(-10) M) or activators of protein kinase C (PKC), but not by (Bu)2cAMP. It was blocked by cycloheximide and actinomycin D and persisted in the presence of Ca-channel blockers. Inhibition of PKC by H7 also blocked the effect of bPTH(1-34) on VDR. The cAMP response to bPTH(1-34) was not affected by 1,25-(OH)2D3. We conclude that: 1) DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and colony formation in chondrocyte monolayer or suspension cultures is increased by aminoterminal and midregional PTH fragments and by cAMP analogs in a Ca- dependent fashion; 2) bPTH(1-34) and hPTH(28-48) up-regulate VDR by cAMP-independent, PKC-dependent steps requiring transcriptional and translational processes; both PTH fragments also amplify the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on DNA synthesis; and 3) no difference is found between the bPTH(1-34) and hPTH(28-48) fragments with respect to chondrocyte proliferation and VDR up-regulation, although the two differ with respect to stimulation of cAMP production.
Biological models of breast cancer: one size does not fit all (2011)

10.1586/epr.10.107
Flow cytometry‐based characterization of underlying clonal B and plasma cells in patients with light chain amyloidosis (2016)

Systemic amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a life-threatening protein deposition disorder; however, effective therapy can dramatically improve the prognosis of AL patients. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of the underlying hematologic disease is important. Multi-parameter flow cytometry (MFC) is a reliable method to analyze lymphatic neoplasias and to detect even a small lymphatic clone. We analyzed the presence of clonal plasma cell (PC) and B cells in the bone marrow of 63 patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis by MFC. We compared the results with the levels of monoclonal protein, the histopathology and cytogenetic results. As reference of light chain restriction, we used the immunohistochemical results of κ or λ positive amyloid deposits in various tissues. MFC identified underlying clonal lymphatic cells in all but two patients (61 of 63, 97%). Sixty-one patients harbored malignant PCs, whereas B-cell lymphomas were identified in two patients. Furthermore, MFC indicated at least one putative immunotherapeutical target (CD20, CD38, CD52, or SLAMF7) on malignant PCs in all but one patient. These results demonstrate that MFC is a reliable tool for an accurate diagnosis of the underlying hematologic disease and the detection of potential immunotherapeutical targets in patients with AL amyloidosis.
Impact of Donor Milk on Short- and Long-Term Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants (2019)

Mother's own milk (MOM) reduces the risk of morbidities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. When MOM is unavailable, donor breastmilk (DM) is used, with unclear impact on short- and long-term growth. This retrospective analysis compared anthropometric data at six time points from birth to 20⁻24 months corrected age in VLBW infants who received MOM supplements of preterm formula (<i>n</i> = 160) versus fortified DM (<i>n</i> = 161) during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization. The cohort was 46% female; mean birth weight and gestational age (GA) were 998 g and 27.3 weeks. Multilevel linear growth models assessed changes in growth <i>z</i>-scores short-term (to NICU discharge) and long-term (post-discharge), controlling for amount of DM or formula received in first 28 days of life, NICU length of stay (LOS), birth GA, and sex. <i>Z</i>-scores for weight and length decreased during hospitalization but increased for all parameters including head circumference post-discharge. Short-term growth was positively associated with LOS and birth GA. A higher preterm formula proportion, but not DM proportion, was associated with slower rates of decline in short-term growth trajectories, but feeding type was unrelated to long-term growth. In conclusion, controlling for total human milk fed, DM did not affect short- or long-term growth.
OC23.02: Pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A levels and neonatal complications in post‐term pregnancies (2012)

To assess the association between serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) measured in the first trimester and perinatal complications in post-term pregnancies. A total of 4948 singleton pregnant women, who delivered after 40 + 0 gestational weeks, were included at Aarhus University Hospital between January 2005 and December 2007. Serum levels of PAPP-A were determined at the first-trimester screening for Down syndrome (GA 8 + 0–13 + 6). Labor was not induced routinely until 42 + 0 weeks of gestation. However, in women with diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, hypertension, prelabor rupture of membranes, twin pregnancies, fetal growth restriction and intrahepatic cholestasis, labor were induced by 40 completed weeks or earlier and were not included in the study. Post term pregnancies in which first trimester PAPP-A < 0.4 MoM had increased risk of small weight for gestation (< 5th centile) (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.9–3.0), Apgar score of less than 7 at 5 minutes (OR 5.4, 95% CI 2.0–14.3), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0–2.3), and newborn hypoglycemia (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.8–6.4). In neonates with small weight for gestation the risk of hypoglycemia was increased considerably (OR 14.6, 95% CI 3.4–58.0). No association was found between low PAPP-A and acute cesarean section or assisted vaginal delivery (forceps and vacuum). Low first trimester serum PAPP-A was associated with increased neonatal morbidity in post-term pregnancies, particularly in newborns with low birth weight. Thus, PAPP-A may qualify the timing of induction of labor in these pregnancies and low PAPP-A may indicate more closely follow-up when past 40 weeks of gestation.
WHATʼS NEW IN SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY (2005)

1 Texas Orthopedic Hospital, Fondren Orthopedic Group, 7401 South Main Street, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail address: [email protected] 2 Cincinnati Sportsmedicine and Orthopaedic Center, 12115 Sheraton Lane, Cincinnati, OH 45246
Satellite communications for manned spacecraft (1971)

Future manned spaceflight programs may require continuous real-time communications between the spacecraft and the mission control center. This paper examines the feasibility of relay satellite (RS) systems to meet these requirements. Anticipated requirements range from voice and low-speed data for the Skylab and Space Shuttle to television for the Space Station. Frequencies in S, C, X, and K bands (2, 5, 8, and GHz bands, respectively) are considered. Terrestrial radio-relay links may cause interference in the mission spacecraft (MS) and RS and vice versa. Possible remedies include better control of antenna sidelobes and judicious choice of channel frequencies. It is found that INTELSAT IV offers a technically feasible means of providing voice and data communications but not TV. A new dedicated satellite system can meet the requirements with two geostationary satellites both of which are visible to a single earth station (ES) in the United States. A shared satellite system, catering to other potential users as well as to manned spacecraft, offers the possibility of reduced cost to individual users. Satellite configurations for both dedicated and shared systems are presented. The satellites can be launched by boosters of the Thor-Delta class if the links between satellite and spacecraft operate in K band.
Demonstration with monoclonal antibody of the glycoprotein nature of Thy-1.2 alloantigen (1980)

Thy-1 antigen present in large amounts on the brain and thymus of mice, exists in two allelic forms, either Thy-1.1 or Thy-1.2. Previous results have shown that Thy-1.1 alloantigen is expressed on a glycoprotein of molecular weight 25 000, therefore referred to as the Thy-1 glycoprotein. However the presence of Thy-1.2 alloantigen on the purified Thy-1 glycoprotein could not be established unequivocally. The present paper demonstrates that Thy-1.2 alloantigen, identified by F7D5 monoclonal antibody, is localized on the Thy-1 glycoprotein. The limited neutralization by the glycoprotein of the reactivity of AKR anti-C3H allosera to thymocytes is explained by the fact that the antiserum contains antibodies to determinants other than Thy-1.2. The alloantisera are shown to react with viral proteins encoded for by endogenous murine leukemia virus and expressed at the surface of Friend cells and thymocytes.
A Bimachine Compiler for Ranked Tagging Rules (2004)

This paper describes a novel method of compiling ranked tagging rules into a deterministic finite-state device called a bimachine. The rules are formulated in the framework of regular rewrite operations and allow unrestricted regular expressions in both left and right rule contexts. The compiler is illustrated by an application within a speech synthesis system.
Amyloid Under the Atomic Force Microscope (2006)

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a versatile instrument that can be used to image biological samples at nanometre resolution as well as to measure inter and intra-molecular forces in air and liquid environments. This review summarises the use of AFM applied to protein and peptide self-assembly systems involved in amyloid formation. The technical principles of the AFM are outlined and its advantages and disadvantages are highlighted and discussed in the context of the rapidly developing field of amyloid research.
Sensory evaluation of near isogenic lines derived from the Fabada market class A25 line (2009)

The sensory value of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the traits that most influence consumer’s choices. It is often argued that the process of genetic improvement might reduce the sensory value of dry beans through negative genetic correlations among traits or through the remnants of the donor genome that are interspersed with the recipient genome through backcrossing. However, there are no experimental data to document these theoretical changes. Since 1990, breeding programs have been underway in Asturias to improve the fabada commercial type (very large (100g/100 seeds) white oblong seeds) by incorporating genes to improve resistance to anthracnose (genes Co-2 and Co-9), BCMV (gene I), BCMNV (gene bc-3), and to modify the architecture of the plant (gene fin). Near isogenic lines (NILs) obtained from the A25 line, derived from individual selection in the fabada-type commercial variety Andecha, are currently available. Lines A2806 (Co-2+I+bc-3) and A2418 (I+bc-3) were obtained by backcrossing with A25 as the recurrent parent. The characteristic indeterminate growth pattern of the fabada type was modified by the cross V203 x A25 to obtain the determinate-growth Xana line. Later, genes that brought resistance to anthracnose were incorporated into Xana by backcrossing, to obtain the line X1319 that contains the gene Co-9 and the line X1358 that contains the gene Co-2. To identify possible differences in the sensory quality of these NILs, line A25 and the lines derived from it A2806, A2418, Xana, X1319, and X1358 were cultivated in two locations (Arguelles and Villaviciosa, Asturias, northern Spain). The sensory characteristics of the seeds harvested were evaluated by a trained panel. Significant differences between the two locations were detected for ‘roughness of the seed coat surface’, ‘seed coat perception’, and ‘mealiness’. On the other hand, no differences were found in the trait ‘flavor’. Only the trait ‘mealiness’ had a significant location x variety interaction. Xana and its derivative NILs were different from A25 and its derivative NILs in the trait “roughness of the seed coat”. No differences in the trait ‘seed coat perception’ were observed between Xana and A25; however, the seed coats of lines X1319 and X1358 derived from Xana were more perceptible than the rest. Xana was less mealy than the other lines, all of which fell into a single group of significance. Finally, lines X1319, A2806, and A2418 had a less intense flavor than A25. The results indicate that there are sensory differences in the NILs derived from the breeding program, although these differences do not necessarily result in worse quality. The changes identified may be due to remnants from the donors, recombination, epitasis or pleiotropy. PHASEOMICS VI Meeting
Elucidation of the Structure of Epidermin, a Ribosomally Synthesized, Tetracyclic Heterodetic Polypeptide Antibiotic (1985)

A decosapeptide that is highly effective against acne has been isolated from a culture filtrate of Staphylococcus epidermidis Tü 3298 . The molecule contains four disulfide bridges derived from meso ‐lanthionine, β‐methyllanthionine, and the newly discovered amino acid S ‐(2‐aminovinyl)‐ D ‐cysteine. The structure elucidation was achieved by enzymatic and hydrolytic fragmentation and desulfurization with Raney nickel followed by sequence analysis.
Radiation-Thermal Paraffin Cracking (2015)

The radiation-thermal paraffin cracking process was studied aiming to model heavy hydrocarbon radiation-thermal cracking. The skim yield dependences on the irradiation parameters are given.
ROR1 Is Expressed in Human Breast Cancer and Associated with Enhanced Tumor-Cell Growth (2012)

Receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is expressed during embryogenesis and by certain leukemias, but not by normal adult tissues. Here we show that the neoplastic cells of many human breast cancers express the ROR1 protein and high-level expression of ROR1 in breast adenocarcinoma was associated with aggressive disease. Silencing expression of ROR1 in human breast cancer cell lines found to express this protein impaired their growth in vitro and also in immune-deficient mice. We found that ROR1 could interact with casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) to activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated AKT phosphorylation and cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB), which was associated with enhanced tumor-cell growth. Wnt5a, a ligand of ROR1, could induce ROR1-dependent signaling and enhance cell growth. This study demonstrates that ROR1 is expressed in human breast cancers and has biological and clinical significance, indicating that it may be a potential target for breast cancer therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: DIELS‐ALDER REACTIONS OF 1‐AZADIENES (1984)

Abstract Die thermische Reaktion der O‐Acetyl‐ hydroxylaminderivate (I) (Darstellung beschrieben) führt zu intermediärer Bildung der Titelverbindungen wie z.B. (II), die dann eine intramolekulare Diels‐ AIder‐Reaktion zu den Heterocyclen (III)‐(VI) eingehen.
Variations2 (2004)

The Variations2 Indiana University Digital Music Library is a large test-bed project funded in part by Phase 2 of the Digital Libraries Initiative, with support from the National Science Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. This demonstration will show the current state of the Variations2 test-bed software, focusing on the search user interface.
Peptides derived from the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding motif bind to ACE2 but do not block ACE2-mediated host cell entry or pro-inflammatory cytokine induction (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 viral attachment and entry into host cells is mediated by a direct interaction between viral spike glycoproteins and membrane bound angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The receptor binding motif (RBM), located within the S1 subunit of the spike protein, incorporates the majority of known ACE2 contact residues responsible for high affinity binding and associated virulence. Observation of existing crystal structures of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (SRBD)-ACE2 interface, combined with peptide array screening, allowed us to define a series of linear native RBM-derived peptides that were selected as potential antiviral decoy sequences with the aim of directly binding ACE2 and attenuating viral cell entry. RBM1 (16mer): S443KVGGNYNYLYRLFRK458, RBM2A (25mer): E484GFNCYFPLQSYGFQPTNGVGYQPY508, RBM2B (20mer): F456NCYFPLQSYGFQPTNGVGY505 and RBM2A-Sc (25mer): NYGLQGSPFGYQETPYPFCNFVQYG. Data from fluorescence polarisation experiments suggested direct binding between RBM peptides and ACE2, with binding affinities ranging from the high nM to low μM range (Kd = 0.207-1.206 μM). However, the RBM peptides demonstrated only modest effects in preventing SRBD internalisation and showed no antiviral activity in a spike protein trimer neutralisation assay. The RBM peptides also failed to suppress S1-protein mediated inflammation in an endogenously expressing ACE2 human cell line. We conclude that linear native RBM-derived peptides are unable to outcompete viral spike protein for binding to ACE2 and therefore represent a suboptimal approach to inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 viral cell entry. These findings reinforce the notion that larger biologics (such as soluble ACE2, 'miniproteins', nanobodies and antibodies) are likely better suited as SARS-CoV-2 cell-entry inhibitors than short-sequence linear peptides.
The Capacity Of Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients For Speech Recognition (2017)

Speech recognition is of an important contribution in promoting new technologies in human computer interaction. Today, there is a growing need to employ speech technology in daily life and business activities. However, speech recognition is a challenging task that requires different stages before obtaining the desired output. Among automatic speech recognition (ASR) components is the feature extraction process, which parameterizes the speech signal to produce the corresponding feature vectors. Feature extraction process aims at approximating the linguistic content that is conveyed by the input speech signal. In speech processing field, there are several methods to extract speech features, however, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is the popular technique. It has been long observed that the MFCC is dominantly used in the well-known recognizers such as the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Sphinx and the Markov Model Toolkit (HTK). Hence, this paper focuses on the MFCC method as the standard choice to identify the different speech segments in order to obtain the language phonemes for further training and decoding steps. Due to MFCC good performance, the previous studies show that the MFCC dominates the Arabic ASR research. In this paper, we demonstrate MFCC as well as the intermediate steps that are performed to get these coefficients using the HTK toolkit.
Phenomenological transient shear behavior of liquid crystalline polymers after the start‐up of shear flow (1996)

Abstract Transient stresses of liquid crystalline polymers appear as damped oscillatory patterns after the start‐up of shear flow. They are examined by using the constitutive equations which were modified to include the idea of an initial domain state in the Larson‐Doi polydomain equation set. In order to be consistent with the phenomenological transient shear stress after the start‐up in the region of low shear rates, the Hinch‐Leal closure approximations were adopted for the domain‐averaged (mesoscopic) fourth‐order tensors of the director field. It is predicted as an important result that the amplitude of the first overshoot in the transient stress increases with an increase in the shear rate imposed at the start‐up, which was found to be largely in agreement with phenomenology. In addition, the effects of parameters such as molecular concentration, initial domain size, and intensities of viscous and elastic contributions on the transient stress under the start‐up process were also evaluated.
Metallic diffusion measured by a modified Knudsen technique (1969)

Diffusion coefficient of a metal in high temperature system is determined. From the measurement of the weight loss from a Knudsen cell, the vapor pressure of the escaping species can be calculated. If the only way this species can enter the Knudsen cell is by diffusion through a foil, the weight loss is diffusion flux.
PyNCS: a microkernel for high-level definition and configuration of neuromorphic electronic systems (2014)

Neuromorphic hardware offers an electronic substrate for the realization of asynchronous event-based sensory-motor systems and large-scale spiking neural network architectures. In order to characterize these systems, configure them, and carry out modeling experiments, it is often necessary to interface them to workstations. The software used for this purpose typically consists of a large monolithic block of code which is highly specific to the hardware setup used. While this approach can lead to highly integrated hardware/software systems, it hampers the development of modular and reconfigurable infrastructures thus preventing a rapid evolution of such systems. To alleviate this problem, we propose PyNCS, an open-source front-end for the definition of neural network models that is interfaced to the hardware through a set of Python Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). The design of PyNCS promotes modularity, portability and expandability and separates implementation from hardware description. The high-level front-end that comes with PyNCS includes tools to define neural network models as well as to create, monitor and analyze spiking data. Here we report the design philosophy behind the PyNCS framework and describe its implementation. We demonstrate its functionality with two representative case studies, one using an event-based neuromorphic vision sensor, and one using a set of multi-neuron devices for carrying out a cognitive decision-making task involving state-dependent computation. PyNCS, already applicable to a wide range of existing spike-based neuromorphic setups, will accelerate the development of hybrid software/hardware neuromorphic systems, thanks to its code flexibility. The code is open-source and available online at https://github.com/inincs/pyNCS.