gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mastering Natural Language Processing with Python (2016)

Maximize your NLP capabilities while creating amazing NLP projects in Python About This BookLearn to implement various NLP tasks in PythonGain insights into the current and budding research topics of NLP This is a comprehensive step-by-step guide to help students and researchers create their own projects based on real-life applications Who This Book Is For This book is for intermediate level developers in NLP with a reasonable knowledge level and understanding of Python. What You Will Learn Implement string matching algorithms and normalization techniques Implement statistical language modeling techniques Get an insight into developing a stemmer, lemmatizer, morphological analyzer, and morphological generator Develop a search engine and implement POS tagging concepts and statistical modeling concepts involving the n gram approachFamiliarize yourself with concepts such as the Treebank construct, CFG construction, the CYK Chart Parsing algorithm, and the Earley Chart Parsing algorithm Develop an NER-based system and understand and apply the concepts of sentiment analysis Understand and implement the concepts of Information Retrieval and text summarizationDevelop a Discourse Analysis System and Anaphora Resolution based systemIn Detail Natural Language Processing is one of the fields of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence that is concerned with human-computer interaction. It provides a seamless interaction between computers and human beings and gives computers the ability to understand human speech with the help of machine learning. This book will give you expertise on how to employ various NLP tasks in Python, giving you an insight into the best practices when designing and building NLP-based applications using Python. It will help you become an expert in no time and assist you in creating your own NLP projects using NLTK. You will sequentially be guided through applying machine learning tools to develop various models. We'll give you clarity on how to create training data and how to implement major NLP applications such as Named Entity Recognition, Question Answering System, Discourse Analysis, Transliteration, Word Sense disambiguation, Information Retrieval, Sentiment Analysis, Text Summarization, and Anaphora Resolution. Style and approach This is an easy-to-follow guide, full of hands-on examples of real-world tasks. Each topic is explained and placed in context, and for the more inquisitive, there are more details of the concepts used.
Gfi-1 is the transcriptional repressor ofSOCS1in acute myeloid leukemia cells (2013)

ABSTRACT Silencing of SOCS1, a TSG, has been detected in various malignancies, including AML. However, the underlying mechanism of SOCS1 inactivation remains elusive. In this study, we explored the role of histone methylation in SOCS1 expression in AML cells. By ChIP assay, we demonstrated that G9a and SUV39H1, two enzymes catalyzing H3K9 methylation, were physically associated with the SOCS1 promoter, and treatment with chaetocin, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor, suppressed H3K9 methylation on the SOCS1 promoter and enhanced SOCS1 expression. Furthermore, knockdown of G9a and SUV39H1 by siRNA could also induce SOCS1 expression. On the other hand, SOCS1 knockdown by shRNA eliminated chaetocin-induced cell apoptosis. To investigate further whether any transcription factor was involved in H3K9 methylation-related SOCS1 repression, we scanned the sequences of the SOCS1 gene promoter and found two binding sites for Gfi-1, a transcription repressor. By DNA pull-down and ChIP assays, we showed that Gfi-1 directly bound the SOCS1 promoter, and ectopic Gfi-1 expression suppressed STAT5-induced SOCS1 promoter activation. In contrast, Gfi-1 knockdown by shRNA enhanced SOCS1 expression and inhibited STAT5 expression. Moreover, the knockdown of G9a completely rescued the repressive effect of Gfi-1 on STAT5A-induced SOCS1 promoter activation. Collectively, our study indicates that the expression of Gfi-1 contributes to SOCS1 silencing in AML cells through epigenetic modification, and suppression of histone methyltransferase can provide new insight in AML therapy.
Tracking in a Hough Space with the Extended Kalman Filter (2003)

A combined tracking method using the Kalman filter and Hough transform is presented. An extended Kalman filter is used to model the parameters and motion of a set of lines detected in a Hough space The integration of these two techniques gives a number of advantages. The use of a Hough transform provides resilience to noise and partial occlusion, and the Kalman filter’s ability to predict future states is used to reduce the computational load of line detection. Analysis of the tracker from synthetic data shows that it is robust to noise, occlusion, and deviations from the constant motion model underlying the Kalman filter. Tracking results from video sequences illustrate its applicability to real-world domains.
Immunogenicityof Borrelia burgdorferi Arthritis-RelatedProtein (2003)

Immunization against arthritis-related protein (Arp) elicits antibody in mice that resolves arthritis but is not protective against challenge with Borrelia burgdorferi. In mice immunized against Arp, an unrelated 37-kDa protein (P37-42), outer surface protein A (OspA), or glutathione S-transferase (GT) and then challenged by syringe or tick, only OspA conferred protection. Passive transfer of Arp antiserum into infected SCID mice induced arthritis resolution, but antisera to P37-42, OspA, GT, or six overlapping Arp peptide fragments did not. Results suggest that the arthritis-resolving immunogenicity is specific to Arp, but the relevant epitopes may be conformational.
New Cyclopropyl Building Blocks for Organic Synthesis, 28. Pd(0)‐Catalysed Coupling of Cyclopropenylzinc Chlorides and Cyclopropenylstannanes — A New Efficient Synthesis of 1‐Phenyl‐, 1‐Ethenyl‐, and 1‐Ethynyl‐1‐cyclopropenes (1994)

[3,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐(trimethylsilyl)‐1‐cyclopropen‐1‐yl]zinc chloride ( 4 ) reacts with haloarenes and ‐alkenes as well as 1‐bromo‐acetylenes under Pd(0) catalysis to give the corresponding 1‐phenyl‐, 1‐ethenyl‐, and 1‐ethynyl‐1‐cyclopropenes 6 in isolated yields ranging from 47 to 99%. The corresponding 1‐cyclopropen‐1‐ylstannane 5 reacts with haloarenes only at higher temperatures, and the yields range from 10 to 98%, depending on the substrate and reaction conditions.
MOF-Derived Ultrathin Cobalt Molybdenum Phosphide Nanosheets for Efficient Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting (2022)

The development of high-performance and cost-effective earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts is of major interest for several key energy technologies, including water splitting. Herein, we report the synthesis of ultrathin CoMoP nanosheets through a simple ion etching and phosphorization method. The obtained catalyst exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity and stability towards oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER), with overpotentials down to 273 and 89 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. The produced CoMoP nanosheets are also characterized by very small Tafel slopes, 54.9 and 69.7 mV dec<sup>-1</sup> for OER and HER, respectively. When used as both cathode and anode electrocatalyst in the overall water splitting reaction, CoMoP-based cells require just 1.56 V to reach 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> in alkaline media. This outstanding performance is attributed to the proper composition, weak crystallinity and two-dimensional nanosheet structure of the electrocatalyst.
Novel High Efficiency H-Bridge Transformerless Inverter for Grid-Connected Single-Phase Photovoltaic Systems (2018)

This paper proposes a new H-bridge type transformerless inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) application. The proposed H-bridge zero voltage switch controlled rectifier (HB-ZVSCR) inverter uses additional switches and diodes at the AC side with voltage clamping feature to the DC midpoint. Main characteristics of the proposed inverter are the high conversion efficiency and low leakage current, which make it a suitable candidate for grid-connected PV applications. The analysis and operating principles of the proposed inverter are discussed in details. This theoretical findings has been simulated using PLECS software to verify the common mode voltage (CMV) and leakage current behaviors and the results are compared with similar existing midpoint voltage clamping inverter topologies (i.e. HB-ZVR and HB-ZVR-D). Furthermore, power loss and efficiency of the proposed inverter have been evaluated and compared with existing topologies.
Poxvirus viability and signatures in historical relics (2012)

Background: In 1980, The World Health Organization announced the eradication of smallpox. Anecdotal reports and formal scientific evidence have not removed the possibility that the virus may survive prolonged periods in preserved skin and tissue material, such as those on display at museums or unearthed human remains. Such historical tissue specimens and artifacts yield important information about the history of the disease and vaccination with other Orthopoxviruses; however, the absolute longevity of the poxvirus in these samples is not known. Methods: We examined published and unpublished data from historical specimens, including six corpses with suspect lesions and material of three tissue crusts from either a suspect smallpox patient or a vaccination site. Data included virus viability, immunological assays, DNA extraction, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for specific Orthopoxviruses. Results: For the 9 ‘cases’, time of illness to testing ranged from 99 to 822 years. Live virus was not isolated from any of the corpse or crust specimens. Orthopoxvirus immunological activity was reported for tissue retrieved from two of the corpses. Non-variola Orthopoxvirus DNA was isolated or amplified from the tissue of one corpse and specimens from two of three crusts. Conclusion: Historical specimens offer opportunities to delve into the past and capture a glimpse of an eradicated disease in history. The limited numbers of specimens available do not provide enough evidence to suggest that variola virus can or cannot survive long periods of time entombed in a corpse or dried in a crust. These investigations also highlight how historical specimens may help explain the history of smallpox epidemics and vaccine development with Orthopoxvirus species.
Dose‐dependent modulation of CD8 and functional avidity as a result of peptide encounter (2007)

The generation of an optimal CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is critical for the clearance of many intracellular pathogens. Previous studies suggest that one contributor to an optimal immune response is the presence of CD8(+) cells exhibiting high functional avidity. In this regard, CD8 expression has been shown to contribute to peptide sensitivity. Here, we investigated the ability of naive splenocytes to modulate CD8 expression according to the concentration of stimulatory peptide antigen. Our results showed that the level of CD8 expressed was inversely correlated with the amount of peptide used for the primary stimulation, with higher concentrations of antigen resulting in lower expression of both CD8alpha and CD8beta. Importantly the ensuing CD8(low) and CD8(high) CTL populations were not the result of the selective outgrowth of naive CD8(+) T-cell subpopulations expressing distinct levels of CD8. Subsequent encounter with peptide antigen resulted in continued modulation of both the absolute level and the isoform of CD8 expressed and in the functional avidity of the responding cells. We propose that CD8 cell surface expression is not a static property, but can be modulated to 'fine tune' the sensitivity of responding CTL to a defined concentration of antigen.
Derivatives of 2-Amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of 2-Amino-6-methoxybenzothiazoleC. G. StuckwischCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 10, 3417Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01178a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01178a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views599Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of scatter on model parameter estimates in 3D PET studies of the human brain (1995)

Phantom measurements and simulated data were used to characterize the effects of scatter on 3D PET projection data, reconstructed images and model parameter estimates. Scatter distributions were estimated from studies of the 3D Hoffman brain phantom by the 2D/3D difference method. The total scatter fraction in the projection data was 40%, but reduces to 27% when only those counts within the boundary of the brain are considered. After reconstruction, the whole brain scatter fraction is 20%, averaging 10% in cortical gray matter, 21% in basal ganglia and 40% in white matter. The scatter contribution varies by almost a factor of two from the edge to the center of the brain due to the shape of the scatter distribution and the effects of attenuation correction. The effect or scatter on estimates of cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRGl) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is evaluated by simulating typical gray matter time activity curves (TAC's) and adding a scatter component based on whole-brain activity. Both CMRGl and CBF change in a linear fashion with scatter fraction. Errors of between 10 and 30% will typically result if 3D studies are not corrected for scatter. We also present results from a simple and fast scatter correction which fits a gaussian function to the scattered events outside the brain. This reduced the scatter fraction to <2% in a range of phantom studies with different activity distributions. Using this correction, quantitative errors in 3D PET studies of CMRGl and CBF can be reduced to well below 10%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Zebrafish ftz-f1 gene has two promoters, is alternatively spliced, and is expressed in digestive organs (2000)

Fushi-tarazu Factor-1 (FTZ-F1) is a family of nuclear receptors involved in various developmental processes. We have cloned a zebrafish FTZ-F1 gene, termed ff1, which belongs to the fetoprotein transcription factor/liver receptor homologue-1 (FTF/LRH-1) subgroup of the FTZ-F1 family. Four transcripts arise as a result of differential promoter usage and alternative splicing at the 3'-most exons. The longer transcript, form A, encodes a transcriptional activator. The shorter transcript, form B, lacks the activation domain, and hence could not activate transcription. The difference in promoter usage generates FF1 proteins with different N-terminal sequences. All four transcripts appear to be expressed in most of the adult tissues, whereas, during embryo development, the IIA form is the predominant transcript. Reverse transcriptase-PCR and in situ hybridization experiments showed that the ff1 transcript is expressed in the hypothalamus, spinal cord, mandibular arch and digestive organs, including pancreas, liver, and intestine. The expression of ff1 in the digestive organs implies its function in gut development.
(—)‐[3H]Desmethoxyverapamil, a novel Ca2+ channel probe (1984)

(-)-[3H]Desmethoxyverapamil (2,7-dimethyl-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-cyan- 7-aza-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-nonanhydrochloride) was used to label putative Ca2+ channels in guinea pig skeletal muscle. The binding sites for (-)-[3H]desmethoxyverapamil co-purified with t-tubule membrane markers in an established subcellular fractionation procedure. (-)-[3H]Desmethoxyverapamil bound to partially purified t-tubule membranes with a KD of 2.2 +/- 0.1 nM and a Bmax of 18 +/- 4 pmol/mg membrane protein at 25 degrees C. Binding was stereoselectively inhibited by phenylalkylamine Ca2+ antagonists and in a mixed, non-competitive fashion by the benzothiazepine Ca2+ antagonist d-cis-diltiazem and the 1,4-dihydropyridine Ca2+ antagonist (+)-PN 200-110. Target size analysis of the (-)-[3H]desmethoxyverapamil drug receptor site revealed a molecular mass of 107 +/- 2 kDa. In contrast, the target size of the allosterically coupled benzothiazepine drug receptor site, labelled by d-cis-[3H]diltiazem, was 130.5 +/- 4 kDa (p less than 0.01) and of the 1,4-dihydropyridine binding site 179 kDa, when labelled with [3H]nimodipine. It is concluded that (-)-[3H]desmethoxyverapamil is an extremely useful radioligand for the phenylalkylamine-selective receptor site of the t-tubule localized Ca2+ channel which is allosterically linked to two other distinct drug receptor sites.
The Human Serum Metabolome (2011)

Continuing improvements in analytical technology along with an increased interest in performing comprehensive, quantitative metabolic profiling, is leading to increased interest pressures within the metabolomics community to develop centralized metabolite reference resources for certain clinically important biofluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. As part of an ongoing effort to systematically characterize the human metabolome through the Human Metabolome Project, we have undertaken the task of characterizing the human serum metabolome. In doing so, we have combined targeted and non-targeted NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS methods with computer-aided literature mining to identify and quantify a comprehensive, if not absolutely complete, set of metabolites commonly detected and quantified (with today's technology) in the human serum metabolome. Our use of multiple metabolomics platforms and technologies allowed us to substantially enhance the level of metabolome coverage while critically assessing the relative strengths and weaknesses of these platforms or technologies. Tables containing the complete set of 4229 confirmed and highly probable human serum compounds, their concentrations, related literature references and links to their known disease associations are freely available at http://www.serummetabolome.ca.
Strength Degradation of Silicon Carbide Hot Gas Filter in the Simulated PFBC Condition (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
In-Row Plant Spacing and Yields of Fresh-Market Basil (1993)

The effect of plant spacing on yields of fresh-market basil was examined over 2 years. In 1989, highest yields per meter of row length of sweet basil grown on bare ground in single-rows with overhead irrigation were obtained with 20 cm in-row plant spacing. No difference in yields per plant among in-row spacings of 20 to 51 cm were detected during the 1989 crop year. In 1990, plants grown on raised beds with drip-irrigation, black polyethylene mulch, and in-row plant spacings of 15 to 31 cm and single versus double-rows and in-row plant spacing of 15 cm. A decrease of in-row plant spacing decreased yield per plant in 1990, but not in 1989.
13% Power reduction in 16b integer unit in 40nm CMOS by adaptive power supply voltage control with parity-based error prediction and detection (PEPD) and fully integrated digital LDO (2012)

Scaling power supply voltages (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> 's) of logic circuits down to the sub/near-threshold region is a promising approach to achieve significant power reductions. Circuit delays in the ultra-low voltage region, however, are extremely sensitive to process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations, and hence, large timing margins are required for worst-case design. Since such large timing margins reduce the energy efficiency benefits of lower V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> , adaptive V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> control to cope with PVT variations is indispensable for ultra-low voltage circuits. In this paper, an adaptive V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> control system with parity-based error prediction and detection (PEPD) and 0.5-V input fully-integrated digital LDO (DLDO) is proposed.
Suicide Risk Analysis Among Patients Assigned to Psychotropics and Placebo (2025)

Based on available data, it is unclear if the suicide risk is significantly different among clinical trial patients assigned to psychotropics compared with patients assigned to placebo, among patients with various psychiatric diagnoses. This study was to investigate whether patients assigned to psychotropics would have a similar suicide risk as measured by the frequency of completed suicides and suicide attempts, compared to those patients assigned to placebo. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration database of controlled clinical trials for 9 antidepressants, 3 antipsychotics, and 7 anxiolytics provided data for comparing suicides and suicide attempts among 46,575 patients assigned to psychotropics or placebo. The Poisson Regression analysis suggested that there were no significant differences in rates of suicide and suicide attempts among patients assigned to the psychotropics or placebo. These findings suggest that the high suicide risk among clinical trial participants is not significantly affected by psychotropics.
Construction Automation and Design Research (2022)

Center for Robotics in Construction and Architecture (CRCA)The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, ChinaEstablished: 2017Leadership:Adam Fingrut (Codirector)Darwin Lau (Codirector)Current Center Structure:Academic Faculty: 7Research Staff: 15