gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cluster-based probability model applied to image restoration and compression (2002)

The performance of a statistical signal processing system is determined in large part by the accuracy of the probabilistic model it employs. Accurate modeling often requires working in several dimensions, but doing so can introduce dimensionality-related difficulties. A previously introduced model circumvents some of these difficulties while maintaining accuracy sufficient to account for much of the high-order, nonlinear statistical interdependence of samples. Properties of this model are reviewed, and its power demonstrated by application to image restoration and compression. Also described is a vector quantization (VQ) scheme which employs the model in entropy coding a Z/sup N/-lattice. The scheme has the advantage over standard VQ of bounding maximum instantaneous errors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Semimagnetic ZnMnSe/CdSe Fractional Monolayer Superlattice as an Injector of Spin‐Polarized Carriers (2002)

We report on effective injection of spin-oriented carriers from a semimagnetic semiconductor structure to a non-magnetic ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum well (QW). A short-period ZnMnSe/CdSe fractional monolayer superlattice was used as a spin injector. The carriers are photo-generated in the semimagnetic region, spin-polarized via the effect of giant Zeeman splitting and then injected into the non-magnetic QW. The spin injection efficiency was estimated by circular polarization measurements of recombination emission from the QW. The maximal detected degree of the spin polarization is about 25%.
Effect of probiotics and herbals on health and shedding of resistant escherichia coli in piglets (2017)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotics, herbals and buckwheat bran (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) on growth, profile of blood, gut microbiota, profile of fatty acid in meat and shedding of resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in piglets. A total of 44 piglets (Sus scrofa domesticus) from age of day 14 to 56 were divided into 4 groups. Control received basal diet (group C), basal diet + probiotics (group P), basal diet + 3% buckwheat bran (group PB) and basal diet + 1.5% herbals (group H). No effect was observed in growth in all groups. The count of Lactobacillus spp. increased (p < 0.05) in jejunum in group P. In the faeces, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in the group P (p < 0.05) of 35 days old piglets, but Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli decreased in the group H (p < 0.05) of 56 days old piglets. The prevalence of resistance to at least one antibiotic class was 66.7% before and 50% after the experiment in all groups. Multidrug resistance of E. coli was not observed in 14 days old piglets, but was observed in 50% and more in all of study groups of 56 days old piglets. The fatty acid composition of Longissimus thoracis muscle had higher levels of -linolenic acid and palmitoleic acid (p < 0.05), but lower level of stearic acid (p < 0.05) in group P. In conclusion, probiotics and herbals improved gut microbiota, fatty acid profile and affected shedding of resistant E. coli, but not growth performance.
Longitudinal Oncology Registry of Head and Neck Carcinoma (LORHAN): Analysis of disparities in care. (2011)

5533 Background: We sought to examine differences in treatment by various populations in LORHAN, a national registry of head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients (pts). Methods: Pts included in the analysis had de novo, stage III/IV, non-metastatic HNC, received radiotherapy (RT) and/or drug therapy, were ≥18 years of age and had provided written informed consent. Univariate analyses (UA) and multivariable logistic regression (LR) were used to assess relationship of pre-specified independent variables to selected treatment related dichotomous measures. Results: UA results are in table below. LR showed the following factors were significantly associated with use of RT alone: community setting (odds ratio [OR] 0.45; 95% CI, 0.30-0.67); age (OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 - 1.05); black race (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1-3.0); Hispanic ethnicity (OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.5-7.6). Factors significantly associated with use of surgery were: community setting (OR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.42-0.69) and age (OR 0.9877; 95% CI, 0.9766 - 0.9989). Conclusions: This analysis suggests setting, age and race may influence treatment received for HNC. Further investigation required to confirm findings here. Treatment comparison: Primary RT versus concurrent chemoradiation (CRT). Variable Intergroup comparisons All N=1,359 Primary CRT n=1,194 Primary RT n=165 P value No. % No. % No. % Setting Academic 864 64 738 62 126 76 0.0003 Community 495 36 456 38 39 24 Age (years) Mean 58 58 61 0.007 Ethnicity White (non-Hispanic origin) 1,108 82 986 83 122 74 0.009 Black (non-Hispanic origin) 163 12 133 11 30 18 Hispanic 39 3 30 3 9 6 Asian 22 2 19 2 3 2 Other 27 2 26 2 1 <1 Insurance status Does not have insurance 72 5 70 6 2 1 0.003 Has insurance 648 48 580 49 68 41 Unknown 639 47 544 46 95 58 Type of insurance Private 401 30 361 30 40 24 0.02 Medicaid 75 6 68 6 7 4 Medicare 141 10 125 11 16 10 Military/VA 29 2 24 2 5 3 No insurance 72 5 70 6 2 1 Unknown 641 47 546 46 95 58 Household income NS Highest education level NS Treatment comparison: Surgery vs. no surgery before RT or CRT. Variable Intergroup comparisons All N=1,826 No surgery n=1,359 surgery n=467 P value No. % No. % No. % Setting Academic 1,220 67 864 64 356 76 <0.0001 Community 606 33 495 36 111 24 Age (years) Mean 58 58 57 0.006 Other variables (as noted above) NS Abbreviation: NS, not significant.
Nondestructive evaluation of oriented strand board exposed to decay fungi. (2002)

Stress wave nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are being used in our laboratory to evaluate the performance properties of engineered wood. These techniques have proven useful in the inspection of timber structures to locate internal voids and decayed or deteriorated areas in large timbers. But no information exists concerning NDE and important properties of wood composites exposed to decay fungi. For our pilot study on several types of wood composites, we examined the relationship between nondestructive stress wave transmission, decay rate and the bending properties of OSB exposed to the brown-rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum (MAD-617). The following measurements were taken: stress wave transmission time (pulse echo test method), static bending test (ASTM D3043-95), and decay (expressed as percent weight). Stress wave measurements correlated with strength loss and with increasing rate of fungal decay. Stress wave NDE has great potential as a method for inspection of wood composite load-bearing (in-service) structures, detection of decay in laboratory tests, assessment of chemical additives to improve wood composite durability, and prediction of long term composite performance.
K-ras mutation in helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis in patients with and without gastric cancer (2002)

Mutations of an oncogene, K-ras, are associated with the development and progression of many types of human cancer. To elucidate the significance of K-ras mutations in gastric carcinogenesis, we examined K-ras mutations in gastric cancers and in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis (H. pylori-CG), which is associated with an increased risk for the gastric cancer development. Specimens of gastric cancer and H. pylori-CG were obtained from 64 gastric cancer patients with H. pylori-CG, 99 cancer-free H. pylori-CG patients and 30 H. pylori-negative healthy subjects. K-ras mutations were examined by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), followed by DNA sequencing analysis. K-ras mutations were detected in 4 of 48 (8.3%) gastric cancers, in 10 of 163 (6.1%) H. pylori-CG and none of the 30 H. pylori-negative healthy subjects. In the gastric cancer patients, mutated K-ras was detected in differentiated type cancers but not in any of the undifferentiated type cancers. K-ras mutations in H. pylori-CG were significantly more frequent in gastric cancer patients than in cancer-free patients (10.9% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.044). In addition, K-ras mutations in H. pylori-CG were significantly more frequent in patients with K-ras mutated gastric cancer than in patients with K-ras unmutated gastric cancer (50.0% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.037). These data suggest that the genetic mechanism(s) of carcinogenesis differs between the differentiated type and the undifferentiated type of gastric cancer and that K-ras mutations may be involved in the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis of the differentiated type. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Use of crestal bone for augmentation of extremely knife-edged alveolar ridges prior to implant placement: report of 3 cases. (1999)

A technique is presented for interforaminal lateral augmentation of mandibles with adequate bone height, but extremely knife-edged mandibular alveolar ridges (Class IV of Cawood and Howell's classification of residual ridges), in which the crestal portion of the knife-edged ridge is used as grafting material. Following an osteotomy and rotation of the grafts by 180 degrees, the grafts were fixed to the residual ridge below the osteotomy line by means of miniscrews. All grafts showed only mild resorption after a healing period of 3 months, and it was possible to place 4 implants in the now sufficiently wide host region.
Development of Grid Depression Model for GalaxyCosmo-S (2014)

An efficient grid depression reconstruction model on axial assembly power distribution was developed for MHI nuclear design code system GalaxyCosmo-S. The objective of this paper is to present the background, methodology and its application of the new model in GalaxyCosmo-S. In order to consider the grid depression effect to the homogeneous axial power distribution obtained from 3D nodal core calculation, the new model employs the concept of the pin-power reconstruction model widely used in modern core design codes. In the new model, axial heterogeneous assembly power distribution is calculated by synthesizing the grid form function to the axial homogeneous power distribution by nodal calculation. The form function is pre-produced by fitting the local grid depression data processed from the measured axial thimble reaction rate in the grid position. By incorporating the measured data, the form function can reflect the precise grid depression information. According to the present study, it was shown that the form function has a burnup dependency for its depth, and it is prepared for each fuel type and axial grid position. In order to confirm the applicability of the present method to the existing PWRs, the predicted axial power distribution by GalaxyCosmo-S was compared with the measured data by the movable detector (M/D). As a result, the good agreements were confirmed without any specific trends for burnup condition. In addition, the difference of axial power distribution between predicted and measured data was statistically analyzed for multiple plants, cycles and burnup conditions. From the results, it is confirmed that the systematic over- or under-estimations of the power distribution observed in the grid homogenized model are reduced by the grid depression model. So this model is suitable for the 3D power distribution analysis and FQ uncertainty evaluation.
Into the Spectroscopic Weeds—Absorption and Emission Intensities (2022)

The intensities of absorption and emission are proportional to the transition dipole moment integral, and this chapter solves those integrals for the one-dimensional particle in a box (1DPB) and particle on a ring (1DPR) systems. Every step is shown in all solutions. The selection rules are the transition types (Δn) that yield non-zero intensities. The selection rules for the 1DPB system are determined to be Δn = { ± 1, ± 3, ± 5, …}. The general solution (for all Δn) of the selection rules for the 1DPR system behaves badly (goes to ∞) when Δn = ±1. The specific case of Δn = ±1 is computed and the result gives a non-zero value yielding the selection rule for the 1DPR as Δn = { ± 1}. This is consistent with the conservation of momentum when light interacts with rotating systems. The 1DPR intensity value is a constant and does not depend upon the size of the system nor the initial quantum state n. By contrast the 1DPB intensity is proportional to L2 and has a complicated dependence upon n and Δn. The intensities of 1DPB hot bands and overtones are analyzed showing that the intensities of the hot bands are slightly greater than the fundamental and the overtone intensities are much weaker.
The essential uniqueness of bounded nonoscillatory solutions of certain even order differential equations (1977)

Let n be a positive integer, let p be a positive continuous function on [0, <), and consider the 2nth order linear differential equation (
Phase I clinical study of the new amino acid-linked nitrosourea, S 10036, administered on a weekly schedule. (1987)

Diethyl-1-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]ethylphosphonate (S 10036) is a new nitrosourea that has been evaluated in a clinical trial because of its activity in the National Cancer Institute panel screen and its rational chemical approach. A Phase I study was conducted in 22 evaluable patients with advanced cancers. The drug was given as a slow i.v. infusion over a period of 60 min on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 followed by a 4-week rest period. The dose levels ranged from 25 to 200 mg/m2/week for 4 consecutive weeks using a modified Fibonacci scheme. Thrombocytopenia was the only acute dose-limiting toxicity and started at a dose of 100 mg/m2/week and above. Hematological toxicity was delayed, cumulative, and dose related. Nausea and vomiting were moderate to severe and dose related. Three responses (one complete and two partials) have been noted. Phase II studies of S 10036 are planned at a dose of 100 mg/m2/week for 4 consecutive weeks ("induction therapy") for patients without prior therapy and 100 mg/m2/week for 3 consecutive weeks for those with prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Because of the cumulative toxicity, the recommended dose for the second cycle of S 10036 chemotherapy ("maintenance therapy") is 100 mg/m2/week every 3 weeks.
A comparison of slip control, FMA control and vector control in DFIG converter (2008)

This paper developed three control schemes to coordinate maximum power extraction and voltage control for Doubly Fed Induction Generators wind turbines during wind fluctuation. Via PWM, the rotor-side converter can generate a controllable AC voltage with controllable magnitude and frequency. Based on PWM, control schemes: slip control, Flux Magnitude and Angle (FMA) control and vector control are developed. Wind turbine aerodynamics are modeled in dynamic simulation and to obtain a lookup table for torque/power control. In slip control, the voltage is coordinated with torque via voltage/Hz type control. In FMA control, the inner feedback loops of rotor flux magnitude and angle are developed. Torque control loop is added outside the flux angle control loop while voltage control loop is added outside of the flux magnitude control loop. In vector control, the power control loop and voltage control loop are added as the outside control loops while the current control loops is designated as the inner control loops. The purpose of the voltage control is to keep a constant stator voltage, and the power/torque control is used to get maximum wind power under varying wind speeds. Dynamic performance and robustness of the three control schemes are analyzed via linear system analysis tools (Bode plots). Matlab-based time-domain simulations are performed to verify the analysis results and the proposed control schemes.
T cell‐mediated xenograft rejection: Specific tolerance is probably required for long term xenograft survival (1998)

T cell-mediated mechanisms of xenograft rejection appear resistant to standard immunosuppression protocols used to prevent allograft rejection and, consequently, higher doses of immunosuppressive drugs are required to promote xenograft compared to allograft survival. Evidence from recent studies suggests that porcine xenografts may be especially immunogenic in humans because of a prominent and vigorous indirect xenoresponse and because of the ability of porcine endothelium to activate human T cells. This has led to an anxiety that systemic immunosuppressives, used as the mainstay of therapy for clinical xenotransplantation, may not allow the long-term survival of porcine organs transplanted into human recipients. This article will review the biology of T cell xenoresponses, present the case for the development of novel graft-specific immunosuppressive regimes in clinical xenotransplantation, and review recent experimental progress in this area.
P53 AND BCL-2 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN PRETREATMENT PROSTATE NEEDLE BIOPSIES TO PREDICT RECURRENCE OF PROSTATE CANCER AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (1999)

The p53 and bcl-2 biomarkers appear to be important to predict recurrence of prostate cancer when prostatectomy specimens are analyzed but this usefulness is not apparent with immunohistochemical staining of prostate biopsies. This difference may reflect sampling error and/or the heterogeneous nature of prostate cancers, and deserves further study.
Asynchronous rate conversion (2002)

A new approach for sampling rate conversion of digitally sampled signals is presented. The approach enables conversion from any given source sampling rate to any desired target sampling rate even if the source and destination clocks are not synchronous. The importance of algorithm is in a communication system where the sampling is done on one system and the playback is done on another, in such cases a drift between the clock occurs causing synchronization problems. The algorithm utilizes a very simple approach and indeed consumes less than one Mips. The algorithm was implemented on the IBM Signal Processor (Mwave-MDSP2780) and is used to convert a low sampling rate (8 or 9.6KHz) to the high CD rate (44.1Khz) and vice-versa.
C‐terminal domains of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage murein hydrolases determine specific recognition and high‐affinity binding to bacterial cell wall carbohydrates (2002)

Listeria monocytogenes phage endolysins Ply118 and Ply500 share a unique enzymatic activity and specifically hydrolyse Listeria cells at the completion of virus multiplication in order to release progeny phage. With the aim of determining the molecular basis for the lytic specificity of these enzymes, we have elucidated their domain structure and examined the function of their unrelated and unique C-terminal cell wall binding domains (CBDs). Analysis of deletion mutants showed that both domains are needed for lytic activity. Fusions of CBDs with green fluorescent protein (GFP) demonstrated that the C-terminal 140 amino acids of Ply500 and the C-terminal 182 residues of Ply118 are necessary and sufficient to direct the murein hydrolases to the bacterial cell wall. CBD500 was able to target GFP to the surface of Listeria cells belonging to serovar groups 4, 5 and 6, resulting in an even staining of the entire cell surface. In contrast, the CBD118 hybrid bound to a ligand predominantly present at septal regions and cell poles, but only on cells of serovars 1/2, 3 and 7. Non-covalent binding to surface carbohydrate ligands occurred in a rapid, saturation-dependent manner. We measured 4 x 104 and 8 x 104 binding sites for CBD118 and CBD500 respectively. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed unexpected high molecular affinity constants for the CBD-ligand interactions, corresponding to nanomolar affinities. In conclusion, we show that the CBDs are responsible for targeting the phage endolysins to their substrates and function to confer recognition specificity on the proteins. As the CBD sequences contain no repeats and lack all known sequence motifs for anchoring of proteins to the bacterial cell, we conclude that they use unique structural motifs for specific association with the surface of Gram-positive bacteria.
Experimental study of the influence of YAG laser application on several different types of endotracheal tubes. (1989)

YAGレーザーに対する各種気管内チューブの透過, 燃焼性を, 大気中および酸素-笑気混合ガス中で比較検討した. 市販の気管内チューブとして, Portex®社製のポーラーチューブ (透明), ブルーラインチューブ (半透明), アイボリーチューブ (不透明), 富士システム社製CO2レーザー専用のディフェンサーチューブ, さらにカフ部分をアイボリーチューブ本体の素材で製作した試作チューブの5種類を検討した. レーザー焼灼術の際に適する気管内チューブは, レーザー光に対し, 非透過性, 非燃焼性のものである. 今回検討を行なったチューブのなかでは, 試作チューブがこの点において最良の結果を示し, 市販のアイボリーチューブがこれに続いた.
Janus kinase 2 offers a precise therapeutic target against DC stimulated alloreactivity in transplantation (169.21) (2011)

Abstract JAK2 is critical to cytokine signaling and has a specific role in mediating alloreactivity. We have demonstrated that specific JAK2 inhibition with TG101348 suppresses alloimmunity stimulated by human dendritic cells in vitro, while maintaining immunity against viral antigens. JAK2 inhibition also extends survival in a mouse graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) model. Methods: Major MHC-mismatch models were used in human and mouse experiments. Human moDC and moDC:T cell cultures were treated with either TG101348 (1uM) or vehicle. Mice underwent 850 cGy irradiation followed by T cell-depleted marrow and splenic T cells. TG101348 (60mg/kg) or vehicle was administered per oral gavage daily. Results: JAK2 inhibition reduced the expression of CD83 and CCR7 in 2-day cytokine-matured moDCs (p&amp;lt;0.05) and suppressed T cell proliferation in a 5-day alloMLR (p&amp;lt;0.005). JAK2 blockade preserved allogeneic Tregs (p=NS), and enhanced the Treg:CD8+CD25+ T cell ratio (p&amp;lt;0.05). T cells exposed to JAK2-inhibited DCs maintained tolerance to alloantigen restimulation, with preserved response to flu-loaded autologous moDCs. JAK2 inhibition delayed the onset of GvHD and improved survival in BALB/c mice that received B6 marrow and T cells (median survival JAK2 inhibitor 35 days vs vehicle 25 days, p&amp;lt;0.005). All mice engrafted. Conclusions: JAK2 offers a novel, specific therapeutic target against GvHD and allograft rejection by suppressing DC allostimulation of T cells, without broader immune impairment.
Linear matrix inequalities for full and reduced order anti-windup synthesis (2001)

This work considers the design of fixed-order antiwindup compensators guaranteeing stability and a given level of L2 performance. The main results show how the design of such a compensator can be cast as a nonconvex optimization problem. It is demonstrated how, under given conditions, this optimization problem can be reduced to a standard LMI (linear matrix inequality) feasibility problem, and situations in which these compensators coincide with those in the literature are described. Moreover, given this formulation, an algorithm for the construction of anti-windup compensators which meet an optimal C2 performance bound is proposed. Furthermore, a lower bound on the C2 performance achievable is shown to be precisely the greater of that predicted by the bounded real lemmas for the linear open-loop plant and for the linear unsaturated closed-loop system.