gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a difference-frequency based mid-infrared comb source (2011)

We characterize a broad bandwidth mid-IR comb source generated through difference frequency mixing of a Yb femtosecond fiber laser. The relationship between amplitude noise, timing jitter, and output power is explored.
A fast algorithm for finding better routes by AI search techniques (2002)

The shortest path problem is one of the most fundamental problems applicable in various fields, and has close relation to route navigation systems. This paper surveys algorithms for the two-terminal shortest path problem and proposes bidirectional A* algorithm based on a new approach. This algorithm is suitable for finding not only the shortest route but also better routes. The efficiency and the property of these algorithms are discussed through experiments applying them to an actual road network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An introduction to the Europe Media Monitor family of applications (2013)

Most large organizations have dedicated departments that monitor the media to keep up-to-date with relevant developments and to keep an eye on how they are represented in the news. Part of this media monitoring work can be automated. In the European Union with its 23 official languages, it is particularly important to cover media reports in many languages in order to capture the complementary news content published in the different countries. It is also important to be able to access the news content across languages and to merge the extracted information. We present here the four publicly accessible systems of the Europe Media Monitor (EMM) family of applications, which cover between 19 and 50 languages (see http://press.jrc.it/overview.html). We give an overview of their functionality and discuss some of the implications of the fact that they cover quite so many languages. We discuss design issues necessary to be able to achieve this high multilinguality, as well as the benefits of this multilinguality.
Extracellular ATP Inhibits Root Gravitropism at Concentrations That Inhibit Polar Auxin Transport (2003)

Raising the level of extracellular ATP to mM concentrations similar to those found inside cells can block gravitropism of Arabidopsis roots. When plants are grown in Murashige and Skoog medium supplied with 1 mM ATP, their roots grow horizontally instead of growing straight down. Medium with 2 mM ATP induces root curling, and 3 mM ATP stimulates lateral root growth. When plants are transferred to medium containing exogenous ATP, the gravity response is reduced or in some cases completely blocked by ATP. Equivalent concentrations of ADP or inorganic phosphate have slight but usually statistically insignificant effects, suggesting the specificity of ATP in these responses. The ATP effects may be attributable to the disturbance of auxin distribution in roots by exogenously applied ATP, because extracellular ATP can alter the pattern of auxin-induced gene expression in DR5-beta-glucuronidase transgenic plants and increase the response sensitivity of plant roots to exogenously added auxin. The presence of extracellular ATP also decreases basipetal auxin transport in a dose-dependent fashion in both maize (Zea mays) and Arabidopsis roots and increases the retention of [(3)H]indole-3-acetic acid in root tips of maize. Taken together, these results suggest that the inhibitory effects of extracellular ATP on auxin distribution may happen at the level of auxin export. The potential role of the trans-plasma membrane ATP gradient in auxin export and plant root gravitropism is discussed.
Multisensory-Based Rehabilitation Approach: Translational Insights from Animal Models to Early Intervention (2017)

Multisensory processes permit combinations of several inputs, coming from different sensory systems, allowing for a coherent representation of biological events and facilitating adaptation to environment. For these reasons, their application in neurological and neuropsychological rehabilitation has been enhanced in the last decades. Recent studies on animals and human models have indicated that, on one hand multisensory integration matures gradually during post-natal life and development is closely linked to environment and experience and, on the other hand, that modality-specific information seems to do not benefit by redundancy across multiple sense modalities and is more readily perceived in unimodal than in multimodal stimulation. In this review, multisensory process development is analyzed, highlighting clinical effects in animal and human models of its manipulation for rehabilitation of sensory disorders. In addition, new methods of early intervention based on multisensory-based rehabilitation approach and their applications on different infant populations at risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities are discussed.
A simulator for maxillofacial surgery integrating 3D cephalometry and orthodontia (2000)

These results mainly validate the concept of a maxillofacial numerical simulator that integrates 3D cephalometry and guarantees a correct dental occlusion.
Multiomic characterization to reveal a distinct molecular landscape in young-onset pancreatic cancer. (2022)

594 Background: Young-onset pancreatic cancer (YOPC; &lt; 50 years at diagnosis) has been associated with male preponderance, extensive smoking history, and a trend towards improved survival compared with average-onset pancreatic cancer (AOPC; ≥70 years). However, the genomic and transcriptomic correlates underlying these clinical differences are incompletely understood. Using a large matched genomic-transcriptomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) dataset, we sought to characterize the distinct molecular landscape associated with YOPC compared with AOPC. Methods: A total of 2430 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma NGS samples (YOPC n = 292; AOPC n = 2138) with matched whole-transcriptome (NovaSeq) and DNA (NextSeq, 592-gene or NovaSeq, whole-exome) sequencing data were analyzed (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). Immune deconvolution was performed using the QuantiSeq pipeline. Limited clinical data precluded stage- and treatment-stratified comparisons between cohorts. Overall survival (OS) was obtained from insurance claims, and Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated for age- and molecularly-defined cohorts. Significance was determined as FDR-corrected P-values (Q) &lt; 0.05. Results: Of 2430 PDAC patients undergoing NGS, YOPC patients (median age 46 years) were more likely to be male (65% vs. 52%; P &lt; 0.001) and current smokers (32% vs. 11%; P = 0.02) compared with AOPC patients (median age 75 years). YOPC patients had higher proportions of mismatch repair-deficient (MMR)/MSI-H (2.8% vs. 0.8%, P = 0.001), BRCA2-mutant (4.7% vs 2.1%, P = 0.009), and PALB2-mutant (1.4% vs 0.5%, P = 0.04) tumors compared with AOPC patients, while tumors in AOPC patients had more frequent SMAD4 (20.1% vs. 14.7%, P = 0.03), RNF43 (6.3% vs. 2.5%, P = 0.012), CDKN2A (24.8% vs. 19.2%, P = 0.04), and SF3B1 (2.7% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.04) mutations. YOPC patients also demonstrated lower HLA-DPA1 homozygosity (55.2% vs. 64.1%, Q &lt; 0.05) vs. AOPC patients. Notably, YOPC patients demonstrated significantly lower incidence of KRAS-mutant (81.3% vs. 90.9%, Q &lt; 0.01) tumors compared with AOPC patients. In the KRAS-wildtype subset (n = 225), YOPC tumors were more likely to be driven by NRG1 and MET fusions, while BRAF fusions were exclusively observed in AOPC patients. Computationally inferred immune deconvolution revealed enrichment of NK cell (Q = 0.04) and M2 macrophages (Q = 0.01) populations in YOPC tumors. There was an association with improved OS in YOPC patients with KRAS-wildtype (median 22.4 [YOPC- KRAS WT ] vs. 15.1 [AOPC- KRAS WT ] months, P = 0.02) but not KRAS-mutant (P = 0.28), tumors compared with AOPC patients. Conclusions: In this large real-world multi-omic characterization of age-stratified molecular differences in PDAC, YOPC is associated with a distinct molecular landscape compared with AOPC. These data reveal molecular features of YOPC with prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Kilohertz Electrical Stimulation Nerve Conduction Block: Effects of Electrode Material (2017)

Kilohertz electrical stimulation (KES) has enabled a novel new paradigm for spinal cord and peripheral nerve stimulation to treat a variety of neurological diseases. KES can excite or inhibit nerve activity and is used in many clinical devices today. However, the impact of different electrode materials on the efficacy of KES is unknown. We investigated the effect of different electrode materials and their respective charge injection mechanisms on KES nerve block thresholds using 20- and 40-kHz current-controlled sinusoidal KES waveforms. We evaluated the nerve block threshold and the power requirements for achieving an effective KES nerve block. In addition, we evaluated potential effects on the onset duration and recovery of normal conduction after delivery of KES. We found that thresholds and the onset and recovery of KES nerve block are not a function of the electrode material. In contrast, the power dissipation varies among electrode materials and is a function of the materials' properties at high frequencies. We conclude that materials with a proven track record of chronic stability, both for the tissue and electrode, are suitable for developing KES nerve block therapies.
Sustainable Application of Fine Recycled-Concrete Aggregate in Soil-Nailing Grout (2021)

The use of construction and demolition waste is an effective solution to mitigate their environmental impacts and avoid dispose in landfills. This paper aims to evaluate the use of fine recycled-concrete aggregate (FRCA) in grout mixtures used in soil nailing. Compressive strength tests on FRCA grout were carried out at different curing ages and interface shear strength was measured between soil and grout. Properties of a commonly used cement grout are compared with those of sand-cement grout and FRCA-cement grout. Although the FRCA grout shows a lower compressive strength compared to commonly used grout and sand-cement grout, its measured properties still meet the minimum standards requirements. The interface friction angle and adhesion of the FRCA exhibit higher values compared to those measured at the soil–soil interface. The grout mixtures evaluated in this study indicated that it is possible to use 1.126 kg of FRCA for each cubic meter of grout. The consumptions of cement and water were found to be 42% and 24% lower, respectively. This represents approximately 380 kg less of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere per cubic meter. The use of FRCA in soil nail grouting can be a sustainable alternative to reduce environmental impacts, cement consumption, and greenhouse gas emission.
In Vitro Structural and Functional Evaluation of Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated Antibiotics (2007)

Abstract Bactericidal efficacy of gold nanoparticles conjugated with ampicillin, streptomycin and kanamycin were evaluated. Gold nanoparticles (Gnps) were conjugated with the antibiotics during the synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing the combined reducing property of antibiotics and sodium borohydride. The conjugation of nanoparticles was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electron microscopic (EM) studies. Such Gnps conjugated antibiotics showed greater bactericidal activity in standard agar well diffusion assay. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of all the three antibiotics along with their Gnps conjugated forms were determined in three bacterial strains, Escherichia coli DH5α , Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus . Among them, streptomycin and kanamycin showed significant reduction in MIC values in their Gnps conjugated form whereas; Gnps conjugated ampicillin showed slight decrement in the MIC value compared to its free form. On the other hand, all of them showed more heat stability in their Gnps conjugated forms. Thus, our findings indicated that Gnps conjugated antibiotics are more efficient and might have significant therapeutic implications.
Ensemble based distributed soft clustering (2008)

Due to the explosion in the number of autonomous data sources, there is a growing need for effective approaches for distributed knowledge discovery and data mining. The distributed clustering algorithm is used to cluster the distributed datasets without necessarily downloading all the data to a single site. Many applications can benefit from soft clustering, where each object is assigned to multiple clusters with membership weight that sum to one. In this paper, a novel distributed soft clustering algorithm based on ensemble learning is proposed by modifying the existing distributed K-Means algorithm, to attain high quality soft clusters. The proposed algorithm is able to cluster multiple homogeneous data sources, distributed over several local sites by combining local clustering results. The fuzzy C-Means algorithm is used to cluster local datasets and the centroids of individual datasets form an ensemble. The global centroid is obtained by clustering local centroids using K-Means algorithm with global K value at central place. The local soft clusters are updated using global centroid. The experiments are carried out for various datasets of UCI machine learning data repository to compare the performance the proposed algorithm with conventional centralized fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm.
Production of bio‐hydrogen by mesophilic anaerobic fermentation in an acid‐phase sequencing batch reactor (2006)

The pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) were varied to optimize the conversion of carbohydrate-rich synthetic wastewater into bio-hydrogen. A full factorial design using evolutionary operation (EVOP) was used to determine the effect of the factors and to find the optimum condition of each factor required for high hydrogen production rate. Experimental results from 20 runs indicate that a maximum hydrogen production rate of 4,460-5,540 mL/L/day under the volumetric organic loading rate (VOLR) of 75 g-COD/L/day obtained at an observed design point of HRT = 8 h and pH = 5.7. The hydrogen production rate was strongly dependent on the HRT, and the effect was statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, no significant effect (P > 0.05) was found for the pH on the hydrogen production rate. When the ASBR conditions were set for a maximum hydrogen production rate, the hydrogen production yield and specific hydrogen production rate were 60-74 mL/g-COD and 330-360 mL/g-VSS/day, respectively. The hydrogen composition was 43-51%, and no methanogenesis was observed. Acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, caproate, and ethanol were major liquid intermediate metabolites during runs of this ASBR. The dominant fermentative types were butyrate-acetate or ethanol-acetate, representing the typical anaerobic pathway of Clostridium species. This hydrogen-producing ASBR had a higher hydrogen production rate, compared with that produced using continuous-flow stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). This study suggests that the hydrogen-producing ASBR is a promising bio-system for prolonged and stable hydrogen production.
Increased importin-β-dependent nuclear import of the actin modulating protein CapG promotes cell invasion (2004)

CapG (gCap39) is a ubiquitous gelsolin-family actin modulating protein involved in cell signalling, receptor-mediated membrane ruffling, phagocytosis and motility. CapG is the only gelsolin-related actin binding protein that localizes constitutively to both nucleus and cytoplasm. Structurally related proteins like severin and fragmin are cytoplasmic because they contain a nuclear export sequence that is absent in CapG. Increased CapG expression has been reported in some cancers but a causal role for CapG in tumour development, including invasion and metastasis, has not been explored. We show that moderate expression of green fluorescent protein-tagged CapG (CapG-EGFP) in epithelial cells induces invasion into collagen type I and precultured chick heart fragments. Nuclear export sequence-tagged CapG-EGFP fails to induce invasion, whereas point mutations in the nuclear export sequence permitting nuclear re-entry restore cellular invasion. Nuclear import of CapG is energy-dependent and requires the cytosolic receptor importin beta but not importin alpha. Nuclear CapG does not possess intrinsic transactivation activity but suppresses VP16 transactivation of a luciferase reporter gene in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, invasion requires signalling through the Ras-phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway and Cdc42 or RhoA, but not Rac1. We show for the first time active nuclear import of an actin binding protein, and our findings point to a role for nuclear CapG in eliciting invasion, possibly through interfering with the cellular transcription machinery.
Gradient Descent Learns Linear Dynamical Systems (2016)

We prove that stochastic gradient descent efficiently converges to the global optimizer of the maximum likelihood objective of an unknown linear time-invariant dynamical system from a sequence of noisy observations generated by the system. Even though the objective function is non-convex, we provide polynomial running time and sample complexity bounds under strong but natural assumptions. Linear systems identification has been studied for many decades, yet, to the best of our knowledge, these are the first polynomial guarantees for the problem we consider.
Measles Vaccines: Novel Generations And New Strategies (1994)

Although the introduction of live attenuated measles vaccines in industrialized countries in the 1960s has largely contributed to the control of measles, the disease remains a major cause of serious disease and mortality in many developing countries. This is largely because of low vaccine coverage and interference by maternally derived antibodies. To overcome these problems, new vaccination strategies and novel generations of vaccines should be developed. Among the approaches presently considered are the use of different routes of application of new attenuated measles and recombinant viruses and of viral subunits presented with new adjuvant systems. To evaluate the potential of these new approaches in terms of protective mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, a recently evaluated macaque model of measles virus infection may be expected to be a potent tool.
Chip to wafer copper direct bonding electrical characterization and thermal cycling (2013)

Copper direct bonding technology is considered to be one of the most promising approach for matching the miniaturization needs of future 3D integrated high performance circuits (3D-IC). In this study, we discuss the recent achievements in copper direct bonding technology with oxide/copper mixed surface and present the latest electrical and physical characterizations of chip to wafer bonding structures after annealing at 400°C and thermal cycling tests. In addition, electrical performance of chip to wafer bonding on 300mm wafers is also presented. Finally, thermo-mechanical finite element simulations showing the impact of the annealing conditions on the closure of the interface are shown.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Anti-Jagged Immunotherapy Inhibits MDSCs and Overcomes Tumor-Induced Tolerance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Studies showing the effect of anti-Jagged therapy in adoptive transfer using non-activated antigen specific T cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Proprioception as a link between body space and extra-personal space (1991)

Abstract In order to perform actions successfully, it is necessary to interrelate two spaces, both of which are known to the subject: these have been classically termed body space and extra-personal space. The key to adapting action to goals lies in the specificity of the nervous processes responsible for coding and then representing each of these two spaces. But over and above this processing, it is the mechanisms dealing with the integration of these two spaces into a single entity encompassing both the subject and his environment that are worth elucidating. We are far from having a complete picture of the nervous mechanisms underlying the specific coding of each of these spaces, but the biggest gap in our knowledge probably concerns how a common reference system for body and external space is built up(Gurfinkel et al. 1988; Paillard 1988 and Chapter 10, this volume; Roll et al. 1990).
Low cost GPS/INS sensor fusion system for UAV navigation (2003)

The performance of UAV is dependent greatly upon onboard sensors due to its characteristics of unmanned operated vehicle. The navigation sensor, which informs where UAV is flying, also is one of those onboard sensors. Small UAV needs the navigation system with the compact, light, cheap and precise navigation solution. As the inertial sensor for precise air navigation is very expensive, it is not popular in small aircraft and UAV. While GPS services a seamless navigation with cheap receiver, it may not receive the satellite signal by the obstacles or the signal jamming. It is GPS/INS sensor fusion that might overcome these constraints. GPS receiver on air vehicle may happen to lose the signal in a dynamic environment such as aircraft maneuver. The multiple GPS antennas were used to increase the coverage of GPS receiver. The ground test showed that GPS/INS sensor fusion system could provide well the attitude information as well as the trajectory according to a vehicle movement.
Use of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System and rumen-protected methionine to maintain milk production in cows receiving reduced protein diets (1999)

Twenty-two primiparous and forty-eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a production trial. Cowswere randomly assigned to two treatments to assess the effects of formulating a lower crude protein (CP) diet using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein Model (CNCPS), which included rumen-protected methionine and a bypass protein on group feed intake, milk yield, milk composition and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) status. Those animals receiving the lower CP diet were able to maintain milk production (P &gt; 0.05) and milk component yield (P &gt; 0.05) when compared with the animals receiving the control diet. Although no statistical analysis could be undertaken on the dry matter intake data, due to insufficient degrees of freedom, group intakes appeared to be similar. Multiparous cows were also observed with the cows receiving the diet supplemented with bypass methionine and bypass protein had significantly lower BUN levels when compared with the control cows. These results indicate that the CNCPS model can be used as a tool for formulating lower CP diets since cows receiving the bypass methionine and bypass protein were able to maintain milk production. Key words: Dairy cattle, milk yield, bypass methionine, bypass protein, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System
A replica plating method for CHO cells using nylon cloth (1975)

A new technique of replica plating for CHO cells has been developed in which the pattern of colonies growing in a tissue culture plate is reproduced on a nylon cloth. The efficiency of replica plating onto the nylon cloth is affected by the colony size and the time of cloth-to-plate contact. Maximum replica plating efficiency (80-90%) occurs using 5- to 6-day-old colonies and a contact time of 4 h. The method easily allows 10(4) colonies to be examined for mutant phenotypes. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated by isolation of a clone deficient in activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.