gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly sensitive SnO/sub 2/-based gas sensor for indoor air quality monitoring (2005)

The paper reports a highly sensitive SnO/sub 2/-based gas sensor fabricated with radio-frequency induction plasma deposition (IPD) method. The generated sensing film consisted of various nano-sized particles, and they were found to be very sensitive to indoor air pollutants such as formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/) gas at extremely low gas concentration down to 20 ppb (parts-per-billion) with rapid response and recovery time less than several minutes. The physical properties of the sensing films were examined by SEM and XRD methods. The effects of posterior annealing treatment and temperature dependency on the sensors were also described in the paper. The results suggested that the fabricated sensors are promising for monitoring indoor air pollution.
Neuroendocrine differentiation in the 12T‐10 transgenic prostate mouse model mimics endocrine differentiation of pancreatic beta cells (2007)

These results suggest that Ngn3 and Nkx2.2 expression are markers for site-specific metastasis and/or transcriptionally regulated genes that are required for organ-specific metastasis. This study indicates that a pathway similar to pancreatic beta-cell differentiation is involved in NE differentiation of prostate cancer.
Practical and Conceptual Analysis of Wingsuit BASE Flight (2020)

Background. Fixed object parachuting, commonly known as BASE (Building, Antenna, Span, Earth) Jumping, was revolutionized by the introduction of wingsuits in the 1990s. Wingsuit BASE Jumping (WSBJ) has since surged both in overall popularity, and more recently, in its contribution to the rising rate of BASE fatalities. Risks associated with WSBJ and its position within the broader BASE community have been explored in previous work. However, the practical considerations of a nominal wingsuit flight, the aerodynamic underpinnings of WSBJ, and discussions regarding the pilot's decision-making processes and in-flight goals are nearly absent from the current literature. Methods. This expert opinion article was developed through years of experience in the BASE environment and analysis of in-flight altimetry and glide data from both the authors and through contributors in the wingsuit BASE community. Previous authors' rigorous investigations and thorough work on safe, high-performance WSBJ are also discussed. Results. This concept article takes a very practical approach to WSBJ, walking through the optimal procedure for a safe jump from exit to parachute deployment. Conclusions. Strong conceptual foundation, focus on technique, lessons from relevant accidents, and emergency planning all contribute to a successful wingsuit BASE jump.
An integrated framework on mining logs files for computing system management (2005)

Traditional approaches to system management have been largely based on domain experts through a knowledge acquisition process that translates domain knowledge into operating rules and policies. This has been well known and experienced as a cumbersome, labor intensive, and error prone process. In addition, this process is difficult to keep up with the rapidly changing environments. In this paper, we will describe our research efforts on establishing an integrated framework for mining system log files for automatic management. In particular, we apply text mining techniques to categorize messages in log files into common situations, improve categorization accuracy by considering the temporal characteristics of log messages, develop temporal mining techniques to discover the relationships between different events, and utilize visualization tools to evaluate and validate the interesting temporal patterns for system management.
Supramolecular polymeric biomaterials (2017)

Polymeric chains crosslinked through supramolecular interactions-directional and reversible non-covalent interactions-compose an emerging class of modular and tunable biomaterials. The choice of chemical moiety utilized in the crosslink affords different thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of association, which in turn illustrate the connectivity and dynamics of the system. These parameters, coupled with the choice of polymeric architecture, can then be engineered to control environmental responsiveness, viscoelasticity, and cargo diffusion profiles, yielding advanced biomaterials which demonstrate rapid shear-thinning, self-healing, and extended release. In this review we examine the relationship between supramolecular crosslink chemistry and biomedically relevant macroscopic properties. We then describe how these properties are currently leveraged in the development of materials for drug delivery, immunology, regenerative medicine, and 3D-bioprinting (253 references).
Handbook of Imaging Materials (2018)

A reference for scientists and engineers in the imaging industry who are responsible for the design and development of imaging hardware and for the manufacture of the papers and films, toners and developers, inks and coatings, and other materials needed to produce hard copy. Also useful as a text fo
Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi (2004)

ABSTRACT A multiplex real-time PCR assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi . The assay was tested on various Anaplasma , Borrelia , Erhlichia , and Rickettsia species, as well as on Bartonella henselae and Escherichia coli , and the assay was found to be highly specific for A. phagocytophilum and the Borrelia species tested ( B. burgdorferi , B. parkeri , B. andersonii , and B. bissettii ). The analytical sensitivity of the assay is comparable to that of previously described nested PCR assays ( A. phagocytophilum , 16S rRNA; B. burgdorferi , fla gene), amplifying the equivalent of one-eighth of an A. phagocytophilum -infected cell and 50 borrelia spirochetes. The dynamic range of the assay for both A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi was ≥4 logs of magnitude. Purified DNA from A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi was spiked into DNA extracted from uninfected ticks and from negative control mouse and human bloods, and these background DNAs were shown to have no significant effect on sensitivity or specificity of the assay. The assay was tested on field-collected Ixodes scapularis ticks and shown to have 100% concordance compared to previously described non-probe-based PCR assays. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a real-time multiplex PCR assay that can be used for the simultaneous and rapid screening of samples for A. phagocytophilum and Borrelia species, two of the most common tick-borne infectious agents in the United States.
CamKII inhibitors reduce mitotic instability, connexon anomalies and progression of the in vivo behavioral phenotype in transgenic animals expressing a mutated Gjb1 gene (2014)

Mutation in the Gjb1 gene, coding for a connexin (Cx32), is associated with an inherited peripheral neuropathic disorder (X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth, CMTX). Our previous work reported that transgenic animals expressing a human Gjb1 transgene present polyploidy and abnormal over-duplication of the centrosome, suggesting a role for Gjb1 in mitotic stability. In this article, we propose mechanisms by which mutations in Gjb1 induce mitotic instability and discuss its potential relation with the CMTX phenotype. We showed that transgenic cells exhibit CamKII over-stimulation, a phenomenon that has been linked to mitotic instability (polyploidy, nuclear volume and centrosome over-duplication), that is reversed by CamKII inhibitors. We also demonstrate that connexon activity is partially restored in transgenic cells with CamKII inhibitors. Our model supports the role for Pim1, a kinase that has been associated with genomic instability in cancers, in genomic instability in Cx32 mutations. Regarding in vivo phenotype, we showed that degradation on the rotarod test in our transgenic mice is significantly lowered by treatment with a CamKII inhibitor (KN93). This effect was seen in two lines with different point mutations in GJB1, and stopping the treatment led to degradation of the phenotype.
Membranolytic effects of monosodium urate monohydrate: influence of grinding. (1986)

The effect of grinding on the membranolytic interaction between monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) crystals and intact erythrocyte membranes was studied. Crystals were ground for between 1-72 h, and percent hemolysis and zeta potentials determined. A cationic amphiphilic probe (CAT12) was incorporated into the erythrocyte membrane and incubated with MSUM. Increasing grinding times caused a decrease in both the crystallinity and zeta potential of the samples, a decrease in percent hemolysis values and a change in the distribution of free and bound spin label populations. The probe redistribution is thought to be due to an electrostatic interaction between negatively charged MSUM and the CAT12 probe.
Efficiency Benefits from the Deployment of aNovel Flywheel Solution for Non-Electrified Lines (2016)

This paper describes the authors’ investigation into deploying durable, low cost electric flywheel technology on rail vehicles by means of simulation. Diesel engines currently power trains on non-electrified lines, over half the UK rail network, so the Rail Safety and Standards Board (RSSB) commissioned research to devise efficiency improvements. Substantial benefits in the form of diesel traction energy saving and braking energy recovery were calculated, amounting to 43% for regional passenger services. Further, the flywheel technology is traction-type independent: it could be key to unlocking discontinuous electrification or to improve the effectiveness of any prime mover. A follow-on hardware demonstration project has just commenced.
1486 The use of artificial neural network to estimate feed intake in lactating cows through milk mid-infrared spectra of individual cow milk samples (2016)

Feed intake is one of the most important components of feed efficiency in dairy systems. It is, however, a difficult trait to measure in the field. The use of milk spectrum from mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy previously has been used to estimate milk traits and could be an alternative to direct measurement of DMI. The objective of this study was to develop a Fourier transform MIR-based milk analysis method coupled with artificial neural networks (ANN) to estimate DMI in lactating Holstein cows. Five hundred ninety-nine milk samples from 189 lactating cows housed at either the Emmons Blaine Dairy Cattle Research Center (Arlington, WI; n = 129 cows) or the Dairy Forage Research Center (USDA, Prairie Du Sac, WI; n = 60 cows) were analyzed for MIR spectra. Individual DMI was periodically recorded from cows housed in a free-stall barn equipped with 32 Insentec electronic feeding gates (Arlington) or directly measured on tie-stall barn (USDA). The spectra absorbance values were used as input variables to develop and optimize the ANN configuration. Wavelengths with less than 10% of CV among samples were not used. The ability of the resulting one-hidden-layer ANN model was compared with a linear predictive model developed through partial least squares (PLS) regression. Four ANN models were developed considering 5, 10, 15, and 20 neurons. A 7-fold cross-validation method was used to assess the predictive ability of the models. The r2 of cross-validation increased as the number of neurons increased from 5 to 20 (r2 = 0.31, 0.43, 0.45, and 0.48, respectively). The root mean square error (RMSE) decreased as the number of neurons increased up to 15 (RMSE = 4.13, 3.61, 3.30, and 3.38 kg/d, respectively). In contrast, the PLS model (7 factors) resulted in lower r2 = 0.14 and greater RMSE = 4.41 kg/d. Compared with established statistical method (PLS), the proposed ANN model demonstrates the potential to provide improved prediction of DMI. Future research should be conducted to investigate alternative ANN architectures and to assess its performance using test validation in an independent data set.
Catalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Dialkylzinc Compounds to Chalcones (1992)

Abstract Conjugate addition of diethylzinc to enones is catalyzed by a complex derived from Ni(acac) 2 and C 2 ‐symmetric 2,2′‐bipyridine 3 or chiral pyridines 5–12 . The products are obtained with optical purities up to 89% ee. A strong positive nonlinear relationship between the enantiomeric excess of the ligand and the ee of the product has been observed. The factors which govern catalyst activity and enantioselectivity have been investigated.
Responsive Small Satellite Mission Operations Using an Enterprise-Class Internet-Based Command and Control Network (2008)

Rapid integration of spacecraft into low-cost mission control systems is an essential element of enabling cost-effective, responsive space missions. This paper describes a distributed satellite ground segment and control network that is developed and operated by students at Santa Clara University in order to support a wide variety of NASA and university-class small spacecraft. In addition to reviewing the technical design of the system and summarizing the missions being supported, the paper outlines several strategies for implementing a low-cost system that supports rapid integration of new spacecraft.
PET and SPECT Radiotracers for Alzheimer’s Disease (2015)

The two main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the brain are senile plaques (SPs) composed of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. These hallmarks are associated with a cholinergic deficit. While the process leading to the development of AD is complex and multifactorial, and the etiology of AD is not completely known, it is nowadays clear that AD is a multifaceted illness requiring the combination of synergetic treatment strategies. Because definite diagnosis is achieved by postmortem examination of the brain, new noninvasive diagnostic imaging modalities for AD are in high demand, both to detect and monitor the evolution of this sickness, and evaluate the efficacy of treatments. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a nuclear molecular imaging technique that uses radiopharmaceuticals labeled with a positron-emitting isotope (carbon-11, fluorine-18, copper-64, gallium- 68…), to visualize in vivo cellular metabolism with high-spatial resolution and unique sensitivity, while Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) using radioisotopes such as technetium-99m or iodine-123. Besides being a powerful tool for diagnosis (mostly in oncology with [(18)F]-FDG), PET experiments can provide information about biochemical mechanisms in living tissues or interactions between neurotransmitter and brain receptors. For the past two decades, numerous radiopharmaceuticals have been developed for imaging the lesions observed in AD patients. Tau aggregates and Aβ plaques can also be visualized and quantified by mean of specific radioligands. The latter has been the focus of intense research efforts lately, leading to new FDA approved radiopharmaceuticals. This paper aimed at summarizing the recent advances in PET and SPECT imaging of AD pathophysiology.
In Vivo Role for Actin-regulating Kinases in Endocytosis and Yeast Epsin Phosphorylation (2001)

The yeast actin-regulating kinases Ark1p and Prk1p are signaling proteins localized to cortical actin patches, which may be sites of endocytosis. Interactions between the endocytic proteins Pan1p and End3p may be regulated by Prk1p-dependent threonine phosphorylation of Pan1p within the consensus sequence [L/I]xxQxTG. We identified two Prk1p phosphorylation sites within the Pan1p-binding protein Ent1p, a yeast epsin homologue, and demonstrate Prk1p-dependent phosphorylation of both threonines. Converting both threonines to either glutamate or alanine mimics constitutively phosphorylated or dephosphorylated Ent1p, respectively. Synthetic growth defects were observed in a pan1-20 ENT1(EE) double mutant, suggesting that Ent1p phosphorylation negatively regulates the formation/activity of a Pan1p-Ent1p complex. Interestingly, pan1-20 ent2 Delta but not pan1-20 ent1 Delta double mutants had improved growth and endocytosis over the pan1-20 mutant. We found that actin-regulating Ser/Thr kinase (ARK) mutants exhibit endocytic defects and that overexpressing either wild-type or alanine-substituted Ent1p partially suppressed phenotypes associated with loss of ARK kinases, including growth, endocytosis, and actin localization defects. Consistent with synthetic growth defects of pan1-20 ENT1(EE) cells, overexpressing glutamate-substituted Ent1p was deleterious to ARK mutants. Surprisingly, overexpressing the related Ent2p protein could not suppress ARK kinase mutant phenotypes. These results suggest that Ent1p and Ent2p are not completely redundant and may perform opposing functions in endocytosis. These data support the model that, as for clathrin-dependent recycling of synaptic vesicles, yeast endocytic protein phosphorylation inhibits endocytic functions.
Lovastatin Delays Infection and Increases Survival Rates in AG129 Mice Infected with Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (2014)

Our results suggest that the effect of LOV on viremia depends on the timing of treatment and on the number of doses administered. We observed a significant increase in the survival rate in both schemes due to a delay in the progression of the disease. However, the results obtained in the post-treatment scheme must be handled carefully because this treatment scheme increases viremia and we do not know how this increase could affect disease progression in humans.
Effects of Mechanical Deformations on the Electrical Properties of Single and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (2004)

There is currently intense interest in the electrical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). They can be metallic or narrow-gap or moderate-gap semiconductors depending simply on tube geometric characteristics, including diameter, chirality and
Synthesis and Conformational Characteristics of Alkyl-Substituted Pillar[5]arenes (2010)

A series of pillar[5]arene derivatives with alkyl groups of different length were synthesized. The new alkyl-substituted pillar[5]arene derivatives 1,4-bis(ethoxy)pillar[5]arene (C2), 1,4-bis(propoxy)pillar[5]arene (C3), 1,4-bis(butoxy)pillar[5]arene (C4), 1,4-bis(pentyloxy)pillar[5]arene (C5), 1,4-bis(hexyloxy)pillar[5]arene (C6), and 1,4-bis(dodecanoxy)pillar[5]arene (C12) were obtained by Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of dialkoxybenzene monomers with paraformaldehyde. The conformational characteristics of the pillar[5]arene derivatives were investigated by dynamic (1)H NMR measurements. When the alkyl substituents were bulkier than methyl groups, the rotation of phenolic units in the pillar[5]arenes was suppressed and their conformation was immobilized. As their length increased, the alkyl substituents packed at the upper and lower rims and thus lowered the conformational freedom of the pillar[5]arenes.
Evaluation and strategy of HIV-testing among tuberculosis patients in Guangdong Province (2011)

Objective To investigate the influence factors of HIV-testing rate among tuberculosis(TB) patients and the countermeasures.Methods TB patients,who were registered from September 2008 to January 2009,were advised to have HIV test in 30 countries.Blood sample for HIV-testing was collected from the patients who consented to HIV test.Results Among 5 447 cases with TB advised to have HIV-test,5 161 cases received the test,with a total HIV-test rate of 94.6%.The HIV-test rates were 99.2%,93.1%,92.9% and 98.4%,respectively in Middle,Eastern,Western and Northern Guangdong,with significant differences among these 4 regional differences(x2=80.164,P0.001).The HIV-test rates in Eastern and Western Guangdong were both significantly lower than that in Middle or Northern Guangdong(P0.001).Patients,who were manual labor,with junior high education,floating population,referral,with cough more than 2 weeks or extra-pulmonary TB,preferred to have HIV test(P0.05).Conclusion The HIV-test rate is high in Guangdong.However,the lower test rate in Eastern and Western Guangdong poses requirement of improvement of the HIV-testing among TB patients,which should be adjusted to local situation.
Chronic E-Cigarette Exposure Alters the Human Bronchial Epithelial Proteome (2018)

We conclude that chronic vaping exerts marked biological effects on the lung and that these effects may in part be mediated by the PG/VG base. These changes are likely not harmless and may have clinical implications for the development of chronic lung disease. Further studies will be required to determine the full extent of vaping on the lung.
StatoilHydro Global Operations: Exploiting 24/7 Operational Support for Well Construction From Different Geographical Locations in Three Time-Zones (2008)

Abstract This pilot was executed in Statoil, before the merger with Hydro, involving a drilling operation at the Åsgard Asset on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Onshore operational support for well construction is now a common procedure in StatoilHydro for each local operation. In the spring of 2007 StatoilHydro launched the Houston Integrated Operation (IO) pilot; its objective was to prove the possibility of a global networked operation, exemplified by a 24/7 drilling operations from three different geographical locations, exploiting the different time zones and thereby eliminating the need for employees working unfavourable nightshifts. A global networked operation will induce a substantial transfer of knowledge and experience between the various international activities of the company. A set of daily tasks were selected from the common corporate work process of well construction for the purpose of proving the concept of global 24/7 operational support. The pilot scope was also to evaluate the possibility to expand the use of global networked operation to a wider range of processes. The three time zones included in the pilot were Norway (GMT +1) the StjØrdal office and the Åsgard asset, USA (GMT-6) Houston, Texas office and China (GMT+8) "Lu Feng" this last time zone was fictitious and actually based in the Houston office. The professional staff tested out and verified various functions. They executed real-time drilling data services with quality control in the transference of data to project databases and they carried out real-time quality control of directional survey data and drilling efficiency services. While carrying out these functions the technology performance was monitored at all times. The main objective of the pilot was to test the capability Global networked operation. While fulfilling this objective, the pilot would establish the Man, Technology and Organisation (MTO) elements that are required to create this capability. It was hoped that the pilot would prove that it is possible to achieve a working method for 24/7 operations, removing the need for evening and night shifts in Norway and establish and verify a technological platform that is good, simple and robust. The pilot would be used to recommend the way forward for StatoilHydro related to Global Networked Operation and establish guidelines for what is required to achieve successful implementation of this approach and working method.