gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Imploding Liner Systems for the NRL LINUS Program (1979)

Abstract : For nearly two decades, the idea of creating fusion plasmas by the implosion of cylindrical shells or liners has appealed to workers interested in high energy density systems. A variety of schemes have been offered over the years to accomplish the adiabatic compression of plasmas at megagauss magnetic field levels by imploding liner magnetic flux compression techniques. The two main elements of such schemes have been the implosion of an electrically conducting cylindrical liner and the creation of an initial plasma suitable for compression by the surrounding liner. Some progress has been made both experimentally and conceptually in regard to plasmas that could be compressed by liner implosion, but no experimental test has yet been accomplished successfully in which the energy and temperature of the magnetically-confined plasma has been increased into a significant regime by liner implosion. Considerable progress has been made, however, in developing liner implosion techniques suitable for both experimental development and eventual imploding liner fusion reactors. The principal development has been the achievement of controlled, reversible liner implosions with excellent symmetry and surface quality. This paper reviews some of the highlights of the development of liner implosion systems at the Naval Research Laboratory and indicates directions of future work.
Xylose Facilitates Lactic Acid Yield of Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2020)

Lactic acid is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, textile and chemical industries. Also, poly-lactic acid (PLA) is in increasing demand as an environmentally friendly and biodegradable plastic. In our prior study, a lactic acid-producing, xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (SR8 LDH) has been developed. In the present study, we tested the SR8 LDH strain under various fermentation conditions to discover the most important condition determining lactic acid and ethanol production profiles. Using xylose as a substrate significantly improved lactic acid yields compared to using glucose under microaerobic conditions. High initial cell density improved lactic acid productivity, but it did not affect ethanol production. Lastly, when fermenting xylose, the PDC1 gene encoding pyruvate decarboxylase was transcriptionally repressed, which might be associated with the production of low ethanol and high lactic acid. These results indicate that the type of a carbon source, i.e. using xylose instead of glucose could be a promising solution for lactic acid production by engineered S. cerevisiae.
Could naphthenic acids be responsible for severe emulsion tightness in a low TAN value oil ? Part 2 : interfacial rheology (2008)

International audience
Preferable Improvements and Changes to FB-DiMM High-Speed Channel for 9.6Gbps Operation (2007)

In this paper we showed the signal degradation parts in high-speed channel of FB-DiMM system. And we also showed possible countermeasure. For the verification propose and also for establishing the precise modeling and simulation method, we compared measurement and simulation up to 9.6Gbps operation with test board. And we get good relation between them. After getting the calculated loss budget of estimated system, we made recommendations of preferable changes to main board and DiMM socket.
The highly conserved 5' untranslated region as an effective target towards the inhibition of Enterovirus 71 replication by unmodified and appropriate 2'-modified siRNAs (2012)

Sequences were identified within the highly conserved 5' UTR that can be targeted to effectively inhibit EV71 replication through RNAi strategies. Appropriate 2'-modified siRNAs provide a promising approach to optimizing siRNAs to overcome barriers on RNAi-based antiviral therapies for broader administration.
Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Growth, Seed Production, and Interference in Cotton (2009)

Field studies were conducted to examine both density and duration of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed interference in cotton. Two studies, one examining the effect of horseweed density and a second the duration of horseweed interference, were conducted on a site with a natural population of horseweed that were treated with glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha −1 prior to planting and at the 2nd and 4th cotton node growth stages. GR horseweed density effect on cotton height, maturity, and lint yield was determined at horseweed densities of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 plants m −2 . Duration of horseweed interference was evaluated when 20 horseweed m −2 were allowed to interfere with cotton from emergence to 2nd node, 6th node, 10th node, 12th node, and 1st bloom stage of cotton. The maximum cotton lint yield loss (46%) occurred when horseweed was allowed to compete with cotton from emergence to maturity at the two highest densities (20 and 25 horseweed m −2 ). When the data were fit to the Cousens model the estimated a (maximum yield loss) and i (yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) were 53 ± 7.3 and 2.8 ± 0.6 SE, respectively. In both years of the study, horseweed interference from emergence to the 2nd cotton node did not reduce cotton lint yields. In 2006, cotton lint yield loss was 28% compared to 39% in 2005 when horseweed interfered with cotton from emergence until the 6th cotton node. Cotton lint yield loss was 37 and 44% when horseweed competed to the 8th cotton node in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Maximum horseweed seed production was 134,000 to 148,000 seeds m −2 .
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering of 4‐mercaptopyridine on sub‐monolayers of α‐Fe2O3 nanocrystals (sphere, spindle, cube) (2009)

Abstract We report surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra from 4‐mercaptopyridine (4‐Mpy) adsorbed on sub‐monolayers of α‐Fe 2 O 3 nanocrystals (sphere, spindle, cube). The maximum enhancement factor has been estimated to be about 10 4 compared to that of 4‐Mpy in solution. A possible mechanism has been proposed that the charge transfer between the α‐Fe 2 O 3 nanocrystals and the 4‐Mpy molecules is most likely responsible for the observed enhancement of Raman intensity of adsorbed 4‐Mpy molecules as surface plasmon resonances have not occurred. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Epithelial and corneal thickness measurements by in vivo confocal microscopy through focusing (CMTF) (1997)

CMTF is a novel, reproducible technique for obtaining epithelial and corneal thickness measurements during clinical in vivo confocal microscopy of the cornea. More importantly, this methodology provides the first objective, quantitative approach for measurement and analysis of depth and thickness of corneal sub-layers which may prove uniquely valuable in temporally assessing corneal function.
23-OR: ADA Presidents’ Select Abstract: Genetic Architecture and Novel Genes Implicated in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes (2021)

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a strong genetic predisposition and is regarded as a phenotypic extreme of adult-onset T2D. In this study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of rare coding variants to the genetic basis of youth-onset T2D by analyzing whole-exome sequences of 3,005 persons with youth-onset T2D (diagnosed before 20 years of age) from the Progress in Diabetes Genetics in Youth (ProDiGY) consortium and 9,777 ancestry matched adult controls. We identified three genes with aggregate rare variant associations reaching exome-wide significance (P&amp;lt;2.6×10-6). In addition, we were able to identify eight genes previously linked to diabetes that were included in the top 20 (P&amp;lt;2.0×10-6) overlapping biologically characterized gene sets. These 11 genes were classified into three groups: 1) monogenic diabetes-related genes (HNF1A, GCK, and RFX6), 2) obesity-related genes (MC4R, ATXN2L, GHRL, and CPQ), and 3) β-cell function related genes (SLC30A8, ABCC8, PAM, and SIX3). A novel exome-wide significant gene burden association was observed for ATXN2L with odds ratio (OR) 1.26, P=1.1×10-6. For known diabetes genes, the effect sizes of gene burden analysis in youth-onset T2D were much larger than that of adult-onset T2D: examples include MC4R (OR 3.5, P=1.7×10-11 vs. OR 2.1, P=2.7×10-10 in adults) and HNF1A (OR 7.5, P=1.2×10-10 vs. OR 1.2, P=0.022). In terms of liability variance explained, both common and rare variants contributed more to youth-onset T2D than they did to adult-onset T2D (3.1-fold enrichment for common variants, 5.3-fold enrichment for rare variants). However, greater enrichment of rare variants in youth-onset T2D caused the liability variance explained by rare variants to approach 28% of that explained by common variants, in contrast to 17% for adult-onset T2D. These data paint a picture of youth-onset T2D as a disease intermediate in extremity between monogenic diabetes and T2D, in which genetic variants in both insulin secretion and insulin response pathways are implicated. Disclosure S. Kwak: None. L. M. Laffel: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Dompe, Insulogic LLC, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Laxmi Therapeutic Devices, LifeScan, Lilly Diabetes, Medtronic, Provention Bio, Inc. E. M. Isganaitis: None. M. W. Haymond: Advisory Panel; Self; Daiichi Sankyo, Zealand Pharma A/S, Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca, Stock/Shareholder; Self; Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. L. L. Levitsky: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. T. I. Pollin: None. J. C. Florez: Consultant; Self; Goldfinch Bio, Inc., Other Relationship; Self; Novo Nordisk. J. Flannick: None. On behalf of the prodigy consortium: n/a. S. Srinivasan: None. L. Chen: None. J. Todd: None. E. T. Jensen: None. J. Divers: None. A. K. Mottl: Advisory Panel; Self; Bayer U. S. C. Pihoker: None. R. Gandica: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (1R01DK125490-01)
Regulation of iNOS expression and glutathione levels in rat liver by oxygen tension (2000)

Molecular oxygen (O(2)) regulates the expression of a variety of genes. We hypothesized that O(2) tension may regulate iNOS expression in rat liver through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the reduction of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. To investigate this hypothesis, we determined the effects of hyperoxia upon iNOS induction (both at the protein and mRNA level) and the intracellular concentration of GSH in an isolated in vitro perfused rat liver preparation. To study the potential involvement of ROS in the intracellular signaling pathway linking changes in oxygen tension to gene expression, we repeated these determinations in the presence of the thiol antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). We found that 95% O(2) tension caused a significant induction of the iNOS protein and mRNA levels paralleled by a significant fall in intracellular GSH concentration. The addition of NAC (1 mM) to the perfusate during hyperoxia blocked the induction of iNOS and restored GSH levels. These results indicate that molecular O(2) regulates the expression of iNOS in rat liver at the transcriptional level, most likely through the production of ROS and the reduction of intracellular GSH levels.
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Means of Chemical Analysis. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Means of Chemical Analysis.J. D. Winefordner and T. J. VickersCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 1, 161–165Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60207a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60207a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views991Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In Vitro Fertilization of the African Turquoise KillifishNothobranchius furzeri (2023)

The ability to perform in vitro fertilization, together with sperm cryopreservation, greatly facilitates the long-term laboratory maintenance of wild-type and transgenic model organisms and helps prevent genetic drift. It is also useful in cases where reproduction may be compromised. In this protocol, we present a method for in vitro fertilization of the African Turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri that is compatible with the use of fresh or cryopreserved sperm.
Activation of the AKT pathway and outcomes in patients (pts) treated with or without ipatasertib (ipat) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Next-generation sequencing (NGS) data from the phase III IPATential150 trial. (2022)

5056 Background: Ipat + abiraterone (abi) significantly reduced the risk of radiographic disease progression vs placebo (pbo) + abi in pts with mCRPC and PTEN loss tumors by immunohistochemistry (IHC; HR, 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.98; P=0.034) but not in ITT pts (HR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.99; P=0.043; Sweeney Lancet 2021). A greater risk reduction was seen in pts with PTEN loss by NGS (HR, 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.95). We describe the efficacy and safety of pbo + abi vs ipat + abi at the second interim analysis (IA) of overall survival (OS) and explore the impact of AKT pathway alterations. Methods: Pts with mCRPC were randomized 1:1 to ipat (400 mg/d) + abi (1000 mg/d) + prednisone (5 mg bid) or pbo + abi + prednisone. Coprimary endpoints were investigator-assessed radiographic progression-free survival by Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 (PCWG3) criteria in pts with PTEN loss tumors by IHC (PTEN loss in ≥50% of tumor cells) and in ITT pts. Secondary endpoints in both populations included OS, objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST 1.1 and PCWG3 and time to pain progression (TPP). Ad hoc analyses assessed pts with PIK3CA/ AKT1/ PTEN alterations by NGS vs wildtype (WT). Results: Median follow-up was 31 mo (cutoff: 2021 Sept 30). In PTEN loss by IHC pts, median OS was 35.8 mo (n=261) with pbo + abi and 36.8 mo (n=260) with ipat + abi (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.21; P=0.665); in ITT pts, median OS was 36.7 mo (n=554) with pbo + abi and 40.3 mo (n=547) with ipat + abi (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.07). With longer follow-up, the safety profile was consistent with that of the primary analysis. In the full NGS evaluable population (n=743), ipat + abi was associated with better outcomes in pts with PIK3CA/ AKT1/ PTEN alterations (Table). Among pts with PTEN loss tumors by NGS (205 of the evaluable 518 pts), median OS was 29.8 mo (n=102) with pbo + abi and 35.8 mo (n=103) with ipat + abi (unstratified HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.56, 1.19). Conclusions: At the second IA, no significant improvement in OS was observed with ipat + abi in pts with PTEN loss by IHC. Exploratory analyses in pts with PIK3CA/ AKT1/ PTEN alterations by NGS suggest that these patients have poorer prognosis but may derive greater benefit from ipat + abi. Clinical trial information: NCT03072238. [Table: see text]
Wearable textile sensor sock for gait analysis (2013)

The ability to measure foot plantar pressure and gait characteristics during a prolonged period of daily life activities has many important applications in people with gait disorders. This paper presents the development of a wearable textile sensor sock incorporating these measurements, offering the potential to detect major events during the stance phase of the gait cycle. The sensors are constructed from conductive thread and are connected to a data logger with a Secure Digital card to allow prolonged recording. Validation of the temporal parameters measured with the textile sensor sock compared to F-scan insole (Tekscan, Inc.) showed 1.6% and 3.8% differences in stride and stance duration, respectively. Test-retest reliability study showed highly repeatable measurements (r = 0.96) in 3 days apart. These results demonstrate the potential for using textile-based sensor sock in future applications providing active gait assistance to people with gait disorders.
A Review of Applications, Enabling Technologies, Growth Challenges and Solutions for IoT/IIoT (2023)

The Internet of Things (IoT) defines ubiquitous connectivity between the internet and common objects. The functionality of IoT is based on the deployment of millions of smart devices in real-life and industrial ecosystems. These internet in devices collect the data from surrounding ecosystems, perform required processing tasks on data obtained and transmit process datasets through reliable and secure channels of communication. Recent trends and advancement in communication networks, software and hardware have fundamentally enhanced the lifestyle of humans in terms of cost, energy and time savings. IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) defines the application of convectional IoT elements in factory application. IIoT enhances manufacturing processes by allowing efficient and sustainable technological developments in an industrial ecosystem. In this paper, a review of IoT and IIoT applications; enabling technologies for IoT/IIoT, growth challenges and solutions of IoT and IIoT; and recommendations on the IoT and IIoT growth and performance has been provided. This paper provides a basis for the establishment and advancement of IoT/IIoT use in an industrial environment.
Algorithms to Approximately Solve NP Hard Row-Sparse MMV Recovery Problem: Application to Compressive Color Imaging (2012)

This paper addresses the row-sparse multiple measurement vector (MMV) recovery problem. This requires solving a nondeterministic polynomial (NP) hard optimization. Instead of approximating the NP hard problem by its convex/nonconvex surrogates as is done in other studies, we propose techniques to directly solve the NP hard problem approximately with tractable algorithms. The algorithms derived in here yields better recovery rates than the state-of-the-art convex (spectral projected gradient) algorithm we compared against. We show that the compressive color image reconstruction can be formulated as an MMV recovery problem with sparse rows and therefore can be solved by our proposed method. The reconstructed images are more accurate (improvement about 2 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio) than the previous technique compared against.
The Changes in the Immunocytochemical Localization of Cathepsin L and Type I Collagen in Rat Osteoclasts Treated with E-64. (1995)

The localization of cathepsin L or type I collagen in the osteoclasts (rat femur) treated with or without E-64 (control) was examined immunocytochemically to investigate how E-64 affects the osteoclasts. Using a light microscope in the E-64-treated osteoclasts, the immunoreactivity for cathepsin L was extracellularly very weak compared with that in the control osteoclasts, but was strong intracellularly. The intracellular immuno-reactivity for type I collagen was found in the vacuoles in the E-64-treated osteoclasts but not in any vacuoles in the control osteo-clasts. On the other hand, the extracellular immunoreactivity along the resorption lacunae of the E-64-treated osteoclasts was somewhat weaker than that of the control osteoclasts. Using electron microscopy in the E-64-treated osteoclasts, only a small number of extracellular immunoreaction products for cathepsin L were seen along the resorption lacunae. In addition, intracellular cathepsin L was deposited in the endosome-lysosomal vacuoles which were well-developed by E-64. Gold particles indicating type I collagen appeared on the bone matrix, and they were also detected in the vacuoles and vesicles in the E-64-treated osteoclasts. However, they were not detected in the organelles of the control osteoclasts. Thus, in the E-64-treated osteoclasts, the extracellular release of cathepsin L was insufficient to suppress the degradation of collagen. In addition, the undegraded collagen seemed to be endocytosed. The above findings thus suggest that bone resorption is inhibited by this incomplete degradation of collagen.
The 678 Hz acoustic immittance probe tone: A more definitive indicator of PET than the traditional 226 Hz method (2018)

The 678 Hz probe tone is a more reliable indicator of ET patency, and should be preferably used over the 226 Hz tone for future COT testing.
Prenatal allergen exposures prevent allergen‐induced sensitization and airway inflammation in young mice (2012)

In our model, maternal allergen exposures during pregnancy prevented later allergen-mediated sensitization and airway inflammation by allergen-specific tolerance induction in the offspring.
Reaction of phenol with methyl 1-adamantyl ketone in the presence of aluminum phenolate (1988)

The condensation of phenol with methyl 1-adamantyl ketone in the presence of aluminum phenolate leads to the formation of 1-(1-adamantyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-ethene, 1-(1-adanamtyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethene, 3-methyl-2,3-(3,4-homoadamantano)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, and also the dimer and trimer of the initial ketone, i.e., 1,3-di(1-adamantyl)-2-buten-1-one and 1,3,5-tri(1-adamantyl)benzene. In an acidic medium 3-methyl-2,3-(3,4-homoadamantano)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran is in equilibrium with 1-(1-adamantyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethene.
Residual noise shaping technique for active noise control systems (1994)

An active noise control system attenuates the overall sound field. However, in some applications, it is desirable to change the spectral contents of the residual noise. In this Letter, a residual noise spectrum shaping technique based on the filtered-E least-mean-square algorithm has been developed. This technique can be applied to active noise control of one-dimensional ducts and three-dimensional enclosures, for both narrow-band and broadband noises. Computer simulations demonstrate that this method not only attenuates the noise level, but also effectively reshapes the spectrum of the residual noise.
Structural, electrical, optical, and mechanical characterizations of decorative ZrOxNy thin films (2005)

The main objective of this work is the preparation of decorative zirconium oxynitride, ZrOxNy, thin films by dc reactive magnetron sputtering. Film properties were analyzed as a function of the reactive gas flow and were correlated with the observed structural changes. Measurements showed a systematic decrease in the deposition rate with the increase of the reactive gas flow and revealed three distinct modes: (i) a metallic mode, (ii) a transition mode (subdivided into three zones), and (iii) an oxide mode. The measurements of target potential were also consistent with these changes, revealing a systematic increase from 314to337V. Structural characterization uncovered different behaviors within each of the different zones, with a strong dependence of film texture on the oxygen content. These structural changes were also confirmed by resistivity measurements, whose values ranged from 250to400μΩcm for low gas flows and up to 106μΩcm for the highest flow rates. Color measurements in the films revealed a change from bright yellow at low reactive gas flows to red brownish at intermediate flows and dark blue for the films prepared at the highest flows. Hardness measurements gave higher values for the region where larger grain sizes were found, showing that the grain growth hardening effect is one of the main parameters that can help explain the observed behavior. Also the peak intensity ratio and the residual stress states were found to be important factors for explaining this behavior.