gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in alveolar capillary formation in growing rat lung by repeated injections of a lathyrogen. (1997)

We hypothesized that abnormal capillary formation, which might be associated with an alteration in extracellular malular matrix (ECM), occurs in the alveoli of growing rat lungs treated with beta-aminopropionitrile (beta APN), a lathyrogen that inhibits lysyl oxidase activity. On scanning electron microscopy, a corrosion cast of alveolar capillaries in lungs treated with beta APN appeared abnormal in configuration; transmission electron microscopy showed extensive morphological changes in interstitial cells and ECMs, including collagen, elastin, and presumably glycosaminoglycans and, in binding water (GBW). Morphometric data revealed an increase in GBW of up to 24.4%, a decrease in the amount of collagen fiber (44.5%), and a decrease in lipid-laden interstitial cells; however, the change in elastin was limited to morphological appearance. From these observations, we conclude that alterations in alveolar capillary formation are associate with extensive changes in ECMs, and that these changes in ECM components might also be involved in the abnormal alveolar formations induced by beta APN.
Purification and characterization of two phospho-β-galactosidases, LacG1 and LacG2, from Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323T (2012)

Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323(T) expresses four enzymes showing phospho-β-galactosidase activity (LacG1, LacG2, Pbg1 and Pbg2). We previously reported the purification and characterization of two phospho-β-galactosidases (Pbg1 and Pbg2) from Lactobacillus gasseri JCM1031 cultured in lactose medium. Here we aimed to characterize LacG1 and LacG2, and classify the four enzymes into 'phospho-β-galactosidase' or 'phospho-β-glucosidase.' LacG1 and recombinant LacG2 (rLacG2), from Lb. gasseri ATCC33323(T), were purified to homogeneity using column chromatography. Kinetic experiments were performed using sugar substrates, o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 6-phosphate (ONPGal-6P) and o-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 6-phosphate (ONPGlc-6P), synthesized in our laboratory. LacG1 and rLacG2 exhibited high k(cat)/K(m) values for ONPGal-6P as compared with Pbg1 and Pbg2. The V(max) values for ONPGal-6P were higher than phospho-β-galactosidases previously purified and characterized from several lactic acid bacteria. A phylogenetic tree analysis showed that LacG1 and LacG2 belong to the phospho-β-galactosidase cluster and Pbg1 and Pbg2 belong to the phospho-β-glucosidase cluster. Our data suggest two phospho-β-galactosidase, LacG1 and LacG2, are the primary enzymes for lactose utilization in Lb. gasseri ATCC33323(T). We propose a reclassification of Pbg1 and Pbg2 as phospho-β-glucosidase.
Cost implications of mitral valve replacement versus repair in mitral regurgitation. (1997)

Repair and MVR(p) may predict shorter in-hospital stay and reduced cost, although there are important differences in the group of patients who have MVR(e).
Developing mobile computing applications with LIME (2000)

Mobile computing defines a very dynamic and challenging scenario for which software engineering practices are still largely in their initial developments. LIME is a middleware designed to enable the rapid development of dependable applications in the mobile environment. The model underlying LIME allows for coordination of physical and logical mobile units by exploiting a reactive, transiently shared tuple space whose contents changes according to connectivity. In this demonstration, we report about initial experiences in developing applications for physical mobility using LIME.
Electrostatic interaction between two aqueous microdroplets in an apolar medium (2002)

In an apolar medium, the electrostatic interactions between two aqueous microdroplets coated with surfactants are investigated by the mean-field theory. The electric field and ion distributions within the aqueous core are described by the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Under Debye-Hückel approximation, the interaction energy is obtained analytically. Due to the polarization effect, the Coulomb interaction is altered by the induced multipoles in the aqueous droplet. The interaction, however, is insensitive to the ion concentration. In comparison with the Coulomb interaction, the repulsion for a pair of similarly charged droplets is reduced and the attraction for a pair of oppositely charged droplets is enhanced. More importantly, the interaction between a neutral and charged droplets is attractive. The effect of interdroplet interactions on the collision frequency is also discussed.
Epigenetics: application of virtual image restriction landmark genomic scanning (Vi‐RLGS) (2008)

Restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) is a powerful method for the systematic detection of genetic mutations in DNA length and epigenetic alteration due to DNA methylation. However, the identification of polymorphic spots is difficult because the resulting RLGS spots contain very little target DNA and many non-labeled DNA fragments. To overcome this, we developed a virtual image restriction landmark genomic scanning (Vi-RLGS) system to compare actual RLGS patterns with computer-simulated RLGS patterns (virtual RLGS patterns). Here, we demonstrate in detail the contents of the simulation program (rlgssim), based on the linear relationship between the reciprocal of mobility plotted against DNA fragment length and Vi-RLGS profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Writers and repression (2007)

(1984). Writers and repression. Index on Censorship: Vol. 13, Turkey ‐ Writers On Trial, pp. 28-33.
Estimating extremely low probability of stochastic defect in extreme ultraviolet lithography from critical dimension distribution measurement (2019)

Projection lithography using extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light at 13.5-nm wavelength will be applied to the production of integrated circuits below 7-nm design rules. In pursuit of further miniaturization, however, stochastic pattern defect problems have arisen, and monitoring such defect generation probabilities in extremely low range (<10 − 10) is indispensable. We discuss a method for predicting stochastic defect probabilities from a histogram of feature sizes for patterns several orders of magnitude fewer than the number of features to inspect. Based on our previously introduced probabilistic model of stochastic pattern defect, the defect probability is expressed as the product sum of the probability for edge position and the probability that film defect covers the area between edges, and we describe the latter as a function of edge position. The defect probabilities in the order between 10 − 7 and 10 − 5 were predicted from 105 measurement data for real EUV-exposed wafers, suggesting the effectiveness of the model and its potential for defect inspection.
Measurement of the CF3radical using infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy (1993)

A measurement method for the CF3 radical using infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy (IRLAS) was established. The CF2 radical density in a RF discharge CHF3 plasma was measured first. The obtained density was estimated to be of the order of 1013 cm-1 under the assumptions concerning the laser pathlength and radical temperatures. The spatial distribution of the CF3 radical density was almost uniform between the electrodes. Moreover, the CF3 and CF radical densities were measured as a function of H2 partial pressure, showing that the CF3 radical decreases with addition of H2 gas more rapidly than the CF radical.
Differential and overlapping expression patterns ofX-dll3andPax-6genes suggest distinct roles in olfactory system development of the African clawed frogXenopus laevis (2001)

In Xenopus laevis, the formation of the adult olfactory epithelium involves embryonic, larval and metamorphic phases. The olfactory epithelium in the principal cavity (PC) develops during embryogenesis from the olfactory placode and is thought to respond to water-borne odorants throughout larval life. During metamorphosis, the PC undergoes major transformations and is exposed to air-borne odorants. Also during metamorphosis, the middle cavity (MC) develops de novo. The olfactory epithelium in the MC has the same characteristics as that in the larval PC and is thought to respond to water-borne odorants. Using in situ hybridization, we analyzed the expression pattern of the homeobox genes X-dll3 and Pax-6 within the developing olfactory system. Early in development, X-dll3 is expressed in both the neuronal and non-neuronal ectoderm of the sense plate and in all cell layers of the olfactory placode and larval PC. Expression becomes restricted to the neurons and basal cells of the PC by mid-metamorphosis. During metamorphosis, X-dll3 is also expressed throughout the developing MC epithelium and becomes restricted to neurons and basal cells at metamorphic climax. This expression pattern suggests that X-dll3 is first involved in the patterning and genesis of all cells forming the olfactory tissue and is then involved in neurogenesis or neuronal maturation in putative water- and air-sensing epithelia. In contrast, Pax-6 expression is restricted to the olfactory placode, larval PC and metamorphic MC, suggesting that Pax-6 is specifically involved in the formation of water-sensing epithelium. The expression patterns suggest that X-dll3 and Pax-6 are both involved in establishing the olfactory placode during embryonic development, but subtle differences in cellular and temporal expression patterns suggest that these genes have distinct functions.
Topology optimization of structured power/ground networks (2004)

This paper presents an efficient method for optimizing the design of power/ground (P/G) networks by using locally regular, globally irregular grids. The procedure divides the power grid chip area into rectangular sub-grids or tiles. Treating the entire power grid to be composed of many tiles connected to each other enables the use of a hierarchical circuit analysis approach to identify the tiles containing the nodes having the greatest drops. Starting from an initial equal number of wires in each of the rectangular tiles, wires are added in the tiles using an iterative sensitivity based optimizer. A novel and efficient table lookup scheme is employed to provide gradient information to the optimizer. Experimental results on test circuits of practical chip sizes show that the proposed P/G network topology after optimization saves 16% to 28% of the chip wiring area over other commonly used topologies.
Train Detection by Magnetic Field Sensing (2013)

The recent boom in the development of high-speed railways has stimulated the need for train detection technology to enhance safety and reliability. In this paper, we propose a new technique of train detection through magnetic field sensing by giant magnetoresistive sensors. This technology was studied by the analysis of magnetic field distribution in the high-speed rail system obtained from modeling and simulation. The results verify the feasibility of our technology for the detection of train presence, speed, length, and number of rolling stocks. It can overcome the limitations of track circuits and provide additional measurement capabilities to the signaling system. This detection system is of low cost and minimal maintenance load as well as compacted construction. Thus, it may serve as a new train detection system to help enhance and promote the safety and reliability of high-speed railways. and an earth-buried conductor under the ground between the rails, as shown in Fig.
Cloning, expression, and localization of a new member of aParacentrotus lividus cell surface multigene family (1996)

We have isolated and characterized a cDNA clone corresponding to a new member of bep (butanol, extracted, proteins) Paracentrotus lividus multigene family coding for cell surface proteins. The cDNA, called bep3, encodes a 370 amino acid protein and shares the same structural organization in the coding region with other members of the same gene family already characterized. Expression of this clone studied by Northern blot and by whole mount hybridization shows that the bep3 messenger is transcribed during oogenesis and utilized till the gastrula stage, whereas at the prism stage, unlike other members of the same gene family, new synthesis of messenger occurs. By whole mount hybridization spatial distribution of bep3 messenger in egg and embryos is established. This messenger appears located in the animal half of the unfertilized egg and moves to the cortical zone after fertilization; it is not present in the structures derived by the vegetal part of the embryo, such as the micromeres of the 16-cell stage, the primary mesenchyme cells of the blastula, and the primary intestine of the gastrula. At the prism stage instead, hybridization of bep3 messenger is restricted to the part of the embryo that will give origin to the oral region as successively confirmed by hybridization at the pluteus stage. The result of whole mount hybridization was confirmed by Northern blot hybridization of separated meso-macromere and micromere RNAs. A Southern blot experiment demonstrates that bep3 is codified by a single copy gene. Conservation of the bep multigene family in several Mediterranean and Japanese sea urchin species has also been analyzed.
Lipocalin Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (LPGDS) Levels following Sleeve Gastrectomy and a Very-Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD)—A Pilot Study (2018)

Background: Lipocalin prostaglandin D2 synthase (LPGDS) is a bile acid binding protein that has been found to have a significant role in glucose metabolism and appetite. In performing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass in rodent models, we have also demonstrated LPGDS appears to have an important role in the beneficial metabolic effects seen after surgery. We have sought to correlate if LPGDS has a significant clinical effect in humans for surgical weight loss. Methods: Serum LPGDS levels were obtained in patients undergoing SG before, and then one month following surgery. Serum LPGDS was also measured in subjects undergoing a very low calorie diet (VLCD) program before, and then one month following the start of the program. LPGDS levels were measured by ELISA and analyzed. Results: Subjects that underwent surgical loss went from 304.45 +/-74 pounds before surgery to 271.4 +/- 70 pounds one month following surgery. Subjects that underwent VLCD went from 273.1 +/- 65 pounds before the program to 255 +/-61 pounds one month after starting the program. LPGDS levels for surgical weight loss increased from 579.9 +/-161 ng/mL before the program to 694.6 +/- 448 ng/mL one month after surgery. LPGDS for VLCD was 583.1 +/- 187 ng/mL before the program and 598.4 +/- 165 ng/mL one month after starting the program. Conclusion: LPGDS levels appear to increase after sleeve gastrectomy but not VLCD, although this trend is not statistically significant. Further study is needed to confirm this trend. Disclosure R.G. Lau: None. S. Kumar: None. J. Lee: None. T. Palaia: None. S. Islam: None. C. Brathwaite: None. L. Ragolia: None.
Global DNA methylation changes in blood of patients with essential hypertension. (2010)

The level of 5mC in the DNA of patients suffering from essential hypertension is lower than in healthy people and depends of the progression of hypertension.
Arabidopsis tonoplast intrinsic protein and vacuolar H+-adenosinetriphosphatase reflect vacuole dynamics during development of syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii (2018)

Plant parasitic cyst nematodes induce specific hypermetabolic syncytial nurse cell structures in host roots. A characteristic feature of syncytia is the lack of the central vacuole and the formation of numerous small and larger vesicles. We show that these structures are formed de novo via widening of ER cisternae during the entire development of syncytium, whereas in advanced stages of syncytium development, larger vacuoles are also formed via fusion of vesicles/tubules surrounding organelle-free pre-vacuole regions. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy of syncytia localised the vacuolar markers E subunit of vacuolar H<sup>+</sup>-adenosinetriphosphatase (V-ATPase) complex and tonoplast intrinsic protein (γ-TIP1;1) mostly in membranes surrounding syncytial vesicles, thus indicating that these structures are vacuoles and that some of them have a lytic character. To study the function of syncytial vacuoles, changes in expression of AtVHA-B1, AtVHA-B2 and AtVHA-B3 (coding for isoforms of subunit B of V-ATPase), and TIP1;1 and TIP1;2 (coding for γ-TIP proteins) genes were analysed. RT-qPCR revealed significant downregulation of AtVHA-B2, TIP1;1 and TIP1;2 at the examined stages of syncytium development compared to uninfected roots. Expression of VHA-B1 and VHA-B3 decreased at 3 dpi but reached the level of control at 7 dpi. These results were confirmed for TIP1;1 by monitoring At-γ-TIP-YFP reporter construct expression. Infection test conducted on tip1;1 mutant plants showed formation of larger syncytia and higher numbers of females in comparison to wild-type plants indicating that reduced levels or lack of TIP1;1 protein promote nematode development.
An assessment of functional‐anatomical variability in neuroimaging studies (1996)

A key issue in functional neuroimaging is the amount of variability produced by individual differences in anatomical and functional patterns of activation. This variability affects summed images created when responses are averaged across subjects as well as comparisons between groups of subjects. In this report, functional-anatomical variability was explored at two different levels. The first level addressed whether responses defined in one group of subjects would replicate in a second subject group performing the same tasks. The likelihood that significant changes would be found in the second subject group was well-predicted by magnitudes and t-values of the responses in the first group. The second level of analysis addressed how closely the peak locations of changes in blood flow clustered together across subjects. The variability (mean vector distance) of peak locations among individual difference images was ∼11.5 mm from the averaged peak location found across subjects. This value probably represents an upper bound for functional-anatomical variability using current PET data analysis techniques. Moreover, the variability was similar for responses distributed across different cortical areas and the cerebellum. This result is inconsistent with the hypothesis that some areas of the brain may have particularly high anatomical variability in normal right-handed subjects, thus precluding the use of averaging techniques for these areas. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
From rice husk to high performance shape stabilized phase change materials for thermal energy storage (2016)

A novel shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was fabricated by using a vacuum impregnation technique for solar-thermal energy storage applications.
Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Infants Associated With Exposure to Stachybotrys atra and Other Fungi (1998)

Infants with pulmonary hemorrhage and hemosiderosis were more likely than controls to live in homes with toxigenic S atra and other fungi in the indoor air.
II. The energy spectrum of ejected atoms during the high energy sputtering of gold (1968)

Abstract Using the technique described in part I, the energy spectrum of sputtered atoms has been determined for several gold specimens, both single crystals and polycrystalline aggregates. The ⟨110⟩, ⟨110⟩ and ⟨121⟩ directions of ejection were chosen for the experiments. Bombardment was with either 43 kev A+ ions, 43 kev Xe+ ions or 66 kev Xe+ ions. The energies of the ejected atoms ranged from some 10−2 ev up to about 104 ev. A peak was generally observed in the energy spectrum between 1 and 10 ev. On the high energy side of this peak the spectrum behaved roughly like E −2, though there were significant deviations from this, particularly for ⟨100⟩ ejection. A theoretical model is developed in which ejection results principally from the generation of atomic collision cascades by the bombarding ion. The assumptions that energy in the cascades is shared by two-body collisions and that the mean collision free path is independent of energy lead to an E −2 spectrum and this prediction should hold roughly from 10 to 103 ev. It is shown that the consequence of surface binding of atoms, with a binding energy E b, is a refraction of atomic trajectories and a peak in the spectrum near E = E b. This random cascade model is unable to explain all features of the spectra, particularly the sharp peaks that appear when they are plotted as time-of-flight spectra. But a more advanced model, which allows for the generation of focused collision sequences by the cascade, fits the data extremely well. This allows for both types of sequence, assisted and simple, and represents their separate characteristics realistically. Deviations from the predictions of the advanced model are confined to energies below 1 ev, where thermal spikes are thought to contribute, and above 103 ev. where the collision free path is probably enhanced by channelling and the normal decrease in cross section with energy. At room temperature the discrepancy only amounts to about 10% of the total sputtering yield. The random cascade and focused collision sequences contribute roughly equal amounts. From a comparison of the predicted and observed spectra it can be deduced, firstly, that for simple focused collision sequences travelling along the ⟨110⟩ rows the maximum energy of propagation is 167±25 ev and their maximum range is at least 21 collisions; secondly, that for ⟨110⟩ assisted sequences the energy limit is 500±100 ev and the maximum range is about 23 collisions: thirdly, that the effective binding energy to the gold surface in these experiments varied from 2·5 to 4·1 ev. An interatomic potential for Au is deduced, consistent with the observed ⟨110⟩ focusing energy and the bulk modulus of elasticity. In the Born–Mayer form. A exp(—r/b), the constants are A = 200±60 kev and b = 2 ·88/(14 ·3 ·0 ·4) Å, valid from 1 ·4 to 2 ·88 Å.
Option Pricing Incorporating Factor Dynamics in Complete Markets (2020)

Using the Donsker-Prokhorov invariance principle we extend the Kim-Stoyanov-Rachev-Fabozzi option pricing model to allow for variably-spaced trading instances, an important consideration for short-sellers of options. Applying the Cherny-Shiryaev-Yor invariance principles, we formulate a new binomial path-dependent pricing model for discrete- and continuous-time complete markets where the stock price dynamics depends on the log-return dynamics of a market influencing factor. In the discrete case, we extend the results of this new approach to a financial market with informed traders employing a statistical arbitrage strategy involving trading of forward contracts. Our findings are illustrated with numerical examples employing US financial market data. Our work provides further support for the conclusion that any option pricing model must preserve valuable information on the instantaneous mean log-return, the probability of the stock's upturn movement (per trading interval), and other market microstructure features.