gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. (1988)

17,187 patients entering 417 hospitals up to 24 hours (median 5 hours) after the onset of suspected acute myocardial infarction were randomised, with placebo control, between: (i) a 1-hour intravenous infusion of 1.5 MU of streptokinase; (ii) one month of 160 mg/day enteric-coated aspirin; (iii) both active treatments; or (iv) neither. Streptokinase alone and aspirin alone each produced a highly significant reduction in 5-week vascular mortality: 791/8592 (9.2%) among patients allocated streptokinase infusion vs 1029/8595 (12.0%) among those allocated placebo infusion (odds reduction: 25% SD 4; 2p less than 0.00001); 804/8587 (9.4%) vascular deaths among patients allocated aspirin tablets vs 1016/8600 (11.8%) among those allocated placebo tablets (odds reduction: 23% SD 4; 2p less than 0.00001). The combination of streptokinase and aspirin was significantly (2p less than 0.0001) better than either agent alone. Their separate effects on vascular deaths appeared to be additive: 343/4292 (8.0%) among patients allocated both active agents vs 568/4300 (13.2%) among those allocated neither (odds reduction: 42% SD 5; 95% confidence limits 34-50%). There was evidence of benefit from each agent even for patients treated late after pain onset (odds reductions at 0-4, 5-12, and 13-24 hours: 35% SD 6, 16% SD 7, and 21% SD 12 for streptokinase alone; 25% SD 7, 21% SD 7, and 21% SD 12 for aspirin alone; and 53% SD 8, 32% SD 9, and 38% SD 15 for the combination of streptokinase and aspirin). Streptokinase was associated with an excess of bleeds requiring transfusion (0.5% vs 0.2%) and of confirmed cerebral haemorrhage (0.1% vs 0.0%), but with fewer other strokes (0.6% vs 0.8%). These "other" strokes may have included a few undiagnosed cerebral haemorrhages, but still there was no increase in total strokes (0.7% streptokinase vs 0.8% placebo infusion). Aspirin significantly reduced non-fatal reinfarction (1.0% vs 2.0%) and non-fatal stroke (0.3% vs 0.6%), and was not associated with any significant increase in cerebral haemorrhage or in bleeds requiring transfusion. An excess of non-fatal reinfarction was reported when streptokinase was used alone, but this appeared to be entirely avoided by the addition of aspirin. Those allocated the combination of streptokinase and aspirin had significantly fewer reinfarctions (1.8% vs 2.9%), strokes (0.6% vs 1.1%), and deaths (8.0% vs 13.2%) than those allocated neither. The differences in vascular and in all-cause mortality produced by streptokinase and by aspirin remain highly significant (2p less than 0.001 for each) after the median of 15 months of follow-up thus far available.
Factors that affect error potentials during a grasping task: toward a hybrid natural movement decoding BCI (2018)

Understanding the effects of combining paradigms is a first step to design hybrid BCI that optimize decoding accuracy and can be deployed in motor substitution and neuro-rehabilitation applications.
Pride in the Past (1980)

Australian Aboriginal beliefs about the creation of earth and humans are diverse. Some Aboriginal creation stories such as the creator spirit, Murinbata, and Rainbow snake are discussed.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PJ-34 reduces mesenteric vascular injury induced by experimental cardiopulmonary bypass with cardiac arrest (2005)

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition on mesenteric vascular function and metabolism in an experimental model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with cardiac arrest. Twelve anesthetized dogs underwent 90-min hypothermic CPB. After 60 min of cardiac arrest, reperfusion was started for 40 min following application of either saline vehicle (control, n = 6) or a potent PARP inhibitor, PJ-34 (10 mg/kg iv bolus and 0.5 mg.kg(-1).min(-1) infusion for 20 min, n = 6). PJ-34 led to better recovery of cardiac output (2.2 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.8 +/- 0.2 l/min in control) and mesenteric blood flow (175 +/- 38 vs. 83 +/- 4 ml/min, P < 0.05 vs. control) after reperfusion. The impaired vasodilator response of the superior mesenteric artery to acetylcholine, assessed in the control group after CPB (-32.8 +/- 3.3 vs. -57.6 +/- 6.6% at baseline, P < 0.05), was improved by PJ-34 (-50.3 +/- 3.6 vs. -54.3 +/- 4.1% at baseline, P < 0.05 vs. control). Although plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations were not significantly different between groups, mesenteric nitric oxide synthase activity was increased in the PJ-34 group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the treated group showed a marked attenuation of mesenteric venous plasma myeloperoxidase levels after CPB compared with the control group (75 +/- 1 vs. 135 +/- 9 ng/ml, P < 0.05). Pharmacological PARP inhibition protects against development of post-CPB mesenteric vascular dysfunction by improving hemodynamics, restoring nitric oxide production, and reducing neutrophil adhesion.
Photonic grid: an important infrastructure for next-generation optical network (2005)

With the prevalence and development of IP applications based on Internet, traditional Internet Infrastructure can not address the demand of many high bandwidth and data-incentive applications. Grid technology is introduced to meet the demand of such applications, but bandwidth and transmission speed is still a serious problem. With the big growth in optical network technology, the trend becomes evident to integrate the grid technology and that of optical network, which results in the research of next generation infrastructure for optical network: Photonic Grid. This article presents the key techniques and emphases of research in the new infrastructure and mainly talks about the infrastructure, the way of switching and routing, the scheme of control and management and middle ware. In the end, we give some appropriate advice in future research orientation of theory and techniques for Photonic Grid.
Autonomic Allocation of Communicating Virtual Machines in Hierarchical Cloud Data Centers (2014)

Cloud providers are typically hierarchically organized into interconnected data centers, each with a collection of racks of servers organized into clusters. The communication cost between two servers is a function of their relative location in the cloud infrastructure. Cloud consumers submit allocation requests for virtual machines, of different types and capacities, and provide an indication of the communication strength between all pairs of requested virtual machines. There is therefore a need for autonomic provisioning of virtual machines in a cloud environment. This paper formalizes the problem of finding an optimal allocation for the requested virtual machines that maximizes the cloud provider's revenue, which depends on how close the requested machines are allocated. This paper presents efficient heuristic algorithms for this NP-hard problem. Experiments show the heuristics to significantly outperform an allocation strategy that is oblivious to the communication strength between virtual machines. The proposed heuristics were also shown to generate between 80% and 90% of the optimal revenue.
Correction method for nonideal iris recognition (2012)

The use of iris as biometric trait has emerged as one of the most preferred method because of its uniqueness, lifetime stability and regular shape. Moreover it shows public acceptance and new user-friendly capture devices are developed and used in a broadened range of applications. Currently, iris recognition systems work well with frontal iris images from cooperative users. Nonideal iris images are still a challenge for iris recognition and can significantly affect the accuracy of iris recognition systems. In this paper, we propose a method to correct off-angle iris image. Taking into account the eye morphology and the reflectance properties of the external transparent layers, we can evaluate the distorting effect that is present in the acquired image. The correction algorithm proposed includes a first modeling phase of the human eye, a segmentation of the acquired image, and a simulation phase where the acquisition geometry is reproduced and the distortions are evaluated. Finally we obtain an image which does not contain the distorting effects due to jumps in the refractive index. We show how this correction process reduce the intra-class variations for off-angle iris images.
Epac1 regulates integrity of endothelial cell junctions through VE‐cadherin (2005)

We have previously shown that Rap1 as well as its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac1 increases cell-cell junction formation. Here, we show that activation of Epac1 with the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac)-specific cAMP analog 8CPT-2'O-Me-cAMP (007) resulted in a tightening of the junctions and a decrease in the permeability of the endothelial cell monolayer. In addition, 007 treatment resulted in the breakdown of actin stress fibers and the formation of cortical actin. These effects were completely inhibited by siRNA against Epac1. In VE-cadherin knock-out cells Epac1 did not affect cell permeability, whereas in cells re-expressing VE-cadherin this effect was restored. Finally, the effect of Epac activation on the actin cytoskeleton was independent of junction formation. From these results we conclude that in human umbilical vein endothelial cells Epac1 controls VE-cadherin-mediated cell junction formation and induces reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton.
Using Trust-Based Information Aggregation for Predicting Security Level of Systems (2010)

Sometimes developers must design innovative security solutions that have a rapid development cycle, short life-time, short time-to-market, and small budget. Security evaluation standards, such as Common Criteria and ISO/IEC 17799, cannot be used due to resource limitations, time-to-market, and other constraints. We propose an alternative time and cost effective approach for predicting the security level of a security solution using information sources who are trusted to varying degrees. We show how to assess the trustworthiness of each information source and demonstrate how to aggregate the information obtained from them. We illustrate our approach by showing the security level prediction for two Denial of Service (DoS) solutions.
The role of targeted therapy and immune therapy in the management of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases (2023)

Brain metastases are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Historically, surgery and radiation therapy have been essential to maintaining disease control within the central nervous system due to poorly penetrant conventional chemotherapy. With the advent of targeted therapy against actionable driver mutations, there is potential to control limited and asymptomatic intracranial disease and delay local therapy until progression. In this review paper, intracranial response rates and clinical outcomes to biological and immune therapies are summarized from the literature and appraised to assist clinical decision making and identify areas for further research. Future clinical trials ought to prioritize patient-centered quality of life and neurocognitive measures as major outcomes and specifically stratify patients based on mutational marker status, disease burden, and symptom acuity.
Therapy of experimental hepatic cancers with cytotoxic peptide analogs targeted to receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, somatostatin or bombesin (2008)

As there is no effective systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we investigated the presence of receptors for somatostatin, bombesin and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) in SK-Hep-1 human hepatic carcinoma and the effects of cytotoxic analogs of somatostatin (AN-238), bombesin (AN-215) and LHRH (AN-207) on the growth of this tumor. Nude mice bearing SK-Hep-1 HCCs were treated with AN-238, AN-215, AN-207 and their combination, or cytotoxic radical 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin (AN-201). Tumor growth reduction was determined and cell proliferation characteristics and apoptosis were studied by histologic analysis. The expression of receptors for somatostatin, bombesin and LHRH was investigated by radioreceptor assays and immunohistochemistry. High-affinity binding sites for somatostatin, bombesin and LHRH were detected in SK-Hep-1 cancers. All three cytotoxic peptide analogs inhibited growth of SK-Hep-1 tumors and decreased the cell proliferation rate. Combination therapy with two or three cytotoxic analogs resulted in the strongest tumor inhibition. Receptors for somatostatin, bombesin and LHRH are expressed in SK-Hep-1 human HCC. Cytotoxic peptide analogs targeted to these receptors inhibit growth of this tumor. Targeting to multiple receptors enhances the efficacy of therapy. The results of our study encourage additional experimental investigations to permit the introduction of these cytotoxic analogs into clinical trials.
Directed sortase A evolution for efficient site-specific bioconjugations in organic co-solvents (2018)

Directed sortase A evolution yielded the variants R159G and D165Q/D186G/K196V with increased resistance (2.2-fold) and catalytic efficiency (6.3-fold) in 45% (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide. Interestingly, D165Q/D186G/K196V also showed an up to 4.7-fold increased activity for the conjugation of hydrophobic peptides/amines in co-solvents. MD simulations revealed that conformational mobilities are important for the gained resistance.
Reflections on the genetics-first approach to advancements in molecular genetic and neurobiological research on neurodevelopmental disorders (2021)

The genetics-first approach to research on NDDs has advanced the identification of critical protein function pathways and temporospatial expression patterns, expanding the impact of this research beyond individuals with single-gene mutations to the broader population of patients with NDDs.
Australia antigen and hepatitis (1969)

In 1965, we reported a "new" antigen, Australia antigen, in the serum of patients with leukemia.<sup>1</sup>Research since then has dealt with the epidemiology, genetics, and physical and chemical characteristics of the antigen,<sup>2</sup>Early in the investigation<sup>3</sup>it became clear that Australia antigen is closely associated with, or may itself be, a causal agent of viral hepatitis.<sup>26</sup>It is estimated that tens of millions of asymptomatic people carry the antigen chronically.<sup>1,2</sup>These deductions have resulted from a systematic study of antigens in human blood with use of sera from multiply transfused patients as sources of antibody. In 1961 Allison and Blumberg hypothesized that individuals receiving multiple transfusions would receive some serum proteins of a phenotype different from their own and would respond by producing antibodies. It was appreciated that both inherited and acquired antigens might occur in human serum and cause antibody formation in blood
FleetNet – Anwendungen für mobile Ad-hoc-Netzwerke (2003)

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Das Forschungsprojekt FleetNet zielt auf den Einsatz von mobilen Ad-hoc-Netzen für die Fahrzeug-Fahrzeug-Kommunikation. Anwendungsgebiete sind sicherheitsrelevante Fahrerassistenzsysteme, dezentrale Floating-Car-Data-Anwendungen sowie Kommunikations- und Internetdienste. Die Auswahl einer Funkhardware, die Entwicklung von geeigneten Kommunikationsprotokollen sowie die prototypische Demonstration der entwickelten Lösungen sind die Hauptziele. Wesentlich zu lösende Problemstellungen umfassen die Entwicklung von positionsbasierten Routingalgorithmen, das Kanalzugriffsproblem, die Bestimmung und Anpassung einer geeigneten Funkhardware und die Kommunikation ins Internet über stationäre FleetNet-Stationen. In diesem Beitrag werden Anwendungen vorgestellt, die mit einer Flotte von Experimentierfahrzeugen im praktischen Einsatz erprobt werden.
GABA in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell Participates in the Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior (1997)

We have demonstrated previously that injections of 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione into the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) elicits pronounced feeding in satiated rats. This glutamate antagonist blocks AMPA and kainate receptors and most likely increases food intake by disrupting a tonic excitatory input to the AcbSh, thus decreasing the firing rate of a population of local neurons. Because the application of GABA agonists also decreases neuronal activity, we hypothesized that administration of GABA agonists into the AcbSh would stimulate feeding in satiated rats. We found that acute inhibition of cells in the AcbSh via administration of the GABA A receptor agonist muscimol or the GABA B receptor agonist baclofen elicited intense, dose-related feeding without altering water intake. Muscimol-induced feeding was blocked by coadministration of the selective GABA A receptor blocker bicuculline, but not by the GABA B receptor blocker saclofen. Conversely, baclofen-induced feeding was blocked by coadministration of saclofen, but was not affected by bicuculline. Furthermore, we found that increasing local levels of GABA by administration of a selective GABA-transaminase inhibitor, γ-vinyl-GABA, elicited robust feeding in satiated rats, suggesting a physiological role for endogenous AcbSh GABA in the control of feeding. A mapping study showed that although some feeding can be elicited by muscimol injections near the lateral ventricles, the ventromedial AcbSh is the most sensitive site for eliciting feeding. These findings demonstrate that manipulation of GABA-sensitive cells in the AcbSh can have a pronounced, but specific, effect on feeding behavior in rats. They also constitute the initial description of a novel and potentially important component of the central mechanisms controlling food intake.
First prototyping of a dedicated PET system with the hemisphere detector arrangement (2019)

A strong demand is expected for high-sensitivity, high-resolution and low-cost brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for early diagnosis of dementia, as well as for general neuroscience studies. Therefore, we have proposed novel geometries of a hemisphere detector arrangement for high-sensitivity brain imaging, in which an add-on detector at the chin position or neck position helps in sensitivity uniformity improvement. In this study, we developed the first prototype system for proof-of-concept using four-layer depth-of-interaction detectors, each of which consisted of 16 × 16 × 4 Zr-doped GSO crystals with dimensions of 2.8 × 2.8 × 7.5 mm<sup>3</sup> and a high-sensitivity 64-channel flat-panel photomultiplier tube. We used 47 detectors to form a hemisphere detector with a hemisphere shape of 25 cm inner diameter and 50 cm outer diameter, and we used seven detectors for each of the add-on detectors. The total detector number of 54 was about one-fourth that of a typical whole-body PET scanner. The hemisphere detector for the prototype system was realized by multiple rings having different numbers of detectors and a cross-shaped top detector unit covering the top. Performance evaluation showed uniform spatial resolutions of 3-4 mm by the filtered back-projection method. Imaging tests of a hot-rod phantom done with an iterative method were able to resolve 2.2 mm rods. Peak sensitivity was measured as more than 10% at a region near the top of the head, which was achieved with the help of the top detector unit. In addition, using the prototype system, we performed the first FDG clinical test with a healthy volunteer. The results showed that the proposed geometries had high potential for realizing high-sensitivity, high-resolution, and low-cost brain PET imaging. As for the add-on detector position, it was shown that the neck position resulted in higher sensitivity and wider field of view (FOV) than the chin position because the add-on detector at the neck position can be placed continuously to the hemisphere detector and close to the FOV.
Treatment of gingivitis with hyaluronan (2003)

These data suggest that a hyaluronan containing gel has a beneficial effect in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis.
Knowledge Acquired from Long Term Observation of Anterior Guidance (1997)

In the treatment of periodontal therapy, the stability of occlusions is essential. However, there has been little clarification regarding the role of the treatment of occlusion in the treatment of periodontal therapy for the following reason;It is difficult to make a criteria for the diagnosis of the sites of occlusal trauma. Regarding the causes and conclusion of periodontal disease, the effect of occlusal trauma on these factors not clear. There has not been enough data acquired from long-term periods of observation to indicate the effectiveness of occlusal therapy the treatment of periodontal therapy.Because of these facts, it is not clear how effective such treatment could be. Here, with some of date that has been acquired I would like to report on the significance of anterior guidance in long-term case studies of the treatment of occlusion.
Minimum-Via Topological Routing (1983)

A new approach to the two-dimensional routing utilizing two layers is proposed. It consists of two major steps, topological routing and geometrical mapping. This paper describes the topological routing algorithm in detail. Based on a circle graph representation of the net intersection information of the routing problem, a maximal set of nets that can be routed without vias are selected. The layer assignments for the selected nets are determined by a global analysis so that the total number of vias needed is minimum. The layer assignment problem turns out to be a maximum-cut problem on an edge-weighted graph and we developed a greedy algorithm for it. According to the layer assignments, the detailed topological routes are then generated.
Effect of Thiazinotrienomycin B, an Ansamycin Antibiotic, on the Function of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Human Stomach TumorCells. (1999)

Thiazinotrienomycin B (TT-B), an ansamycin isolated from fermentation broths of Streptomyces sp. MJ672-m3, inhibited the growth in vitro of human stomach tumor SC-6 cells over 10 times more strongly than the growth of other human tumor cells, such as HeLa (cervix), T24 (bladder) and LX-1 (lung). The extent of growth inhibition by TT-B of SC-6, but not of LX-1 nor T24, was lowered in a competitive manner by raising serum concentrations in the culture medium. TT-B inhibited the cell cycle progression of SC-6 at an early stage of the progression from G0/G1 to S. The inhibition was again competitive with serum concentrations in the culture medium. No direct inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed at the concentration range which caused the cell cycle arrest. TT-B and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) were antagonistic to each other in inhibiting the cell cycle progression of SC-6 from G0/G1 to S, suggesting that the two compounds share the same target, EGFR. The kinase activity of EGFR was little inhibited by TT-B in a cell-free system.