gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Knockout ofMdr1aandMdr1bABCB1 Genes on the Systemic Exposure of a Doxorubicin-Conjugated Block Copolymer in Mice (2015)

We previously elucidated that ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) mediates the efflux of doxorubicin-conjugated block copolymers from HeLa cells. Here, we investigated the role of ABCB1 in the in vivo behavior of a doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. The area under the curve for intravenously administered polymer in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice was 2.2-fold greater than that in wild-type mice. The polymer was mostly distributed in the liver followed by spleen and less so in the brain, heart, kidney, and lung. The amount of polymer excreted in the urine was significantly decreased in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. The amounts of polymers excreted in the feces were similar in both groups despite the higher systemic exposure in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) mice. Confocal microscopy images showed polymer localized in CD68(+) macrophages in the liver. These results show that knockout of ABCB1 prolonged systemic exposure of the doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in mice. Our results suggest that ABCB1 mediated the excretion of doxorubicin-conjugated polymer in urine and feces. Our results provide valuable information about the behavior of block copolymers in vivo, which is important for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of active substances conjugated to block copolymers or the accumulation of block copolymers in vivo.
Coherent plasmon-phonon oscillations detected by the Franz-Keldysh effect (1996)

Summary form only given. Coherent phonons are generated in the surface depletion layer of III-V semiconductors via the ultrafast screening of the surface field. In pump-probe experiments the modulation of the reflectivity resulting from coherent phonons can be detected by the intensity modulation of the weak probe pulses.
NFTs and digital IDs: Unexplored opportunities for psychological assessment? (2023)

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have received a great deal of attention over the past few years, with the most attention given to tradable tokens linked with digital art. The applications may seem limited because most of the discussion about NFTs has been about the superficial contents of the tokens (for example, why are people trading digital monkey pictures?) without a discussion of the underlying technology. This article addresses an important question for psychologists: what else could we use easily transferrable, unique digital signatures for?
Design Principles for Heterogeneously Integrated III-V-on-Silicon Microdisk Unidirectional Singlemode Lasers (2018)

We unfold the design principles for heterogeneously integrated III-V-on-silicon microdisk unidirectional singlemode lasers. Our simulations suggest hybrid modes between the vertically coupled III-V and silicon microdisks of different radii. Our experiments reveal unidirectional singlemode lasing.
High-Temperature, High-Bandwidth Fiber Optic Pressure and Temperature Sensors for Gas Turbine Applications (2004)

Abstract : The accurate measurement of gas flow conditions in the compressor, combustors, and turbines of gas turbine engines is important to assess performance, predict failure, and facilitate data-driven maintenance. Surface and point measurements of pressure and temperature in the high temperature regions of the turbine help engineers optimize performance, improve fuel mixing and burning in the combustor, and redesign compressor and turbine stages based on actual measurements. There currently exists no sensor technology capable of making pressure measurements in the critical hot regions of gas turbine engines. Luna Innovations is developing extremely high-temperature, fiber optic pressure sensors based on inert refractory ceramic construction. During the project, several breakthroughs were achieved in high-temperature fiber optic packaging, sensor design, and high-speed measurement. In-engine testing is scheduled to begin in mid-August at Virginia Tech. Additional testing will be conducted with a major aircraft turbine engine manufacturer. By the conclusion of this project, Luna Innovations will have produced a fiber optic pressure sensor capable of making measurements at up to 1400 degrees C, 75O psi, at a sample rate of 1.0 MHz.
Breast effects of oral, combined 17β-estradiol, and progesterone capsules in menopausal women: a randomized controlled trial (2020)

In this phase 3 trial of a combined E2/P4, results of secondary outcomes suggest that E2/P4 may not be associated with increased risk of abnormal mammograms versus placebo, and the incidence of breast tenderness was low relative to most of the rates reported in other studies using hormone therapy.
Thermodynamics of acid-base equilibriums. VI. Influence of solvation factors on acidity. Thermodynamics of hydration of a series of meta- and para-substituted phenols (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of acid-base equilibriums. VI. Influence of solvation factors on acidity. Thermodynamics of hydration of a series of meta- and para-substituted phenolsC. L. Liotta, H. P. Hopkins Jr., and P. T. KasudiaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 22, 7153–7155Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00829a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00829a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Lectins on the Activity of Brush Border Membrane-Bound Enzymes of Rat Small Intestine (1985)

Highly purified microvillus membrane vesicles isolated from rat small intestine were enriched in sucrase, maltase, and aminopeptidase activities. Approximately 90-95% of each enzyme was released from the membrane fraction by treatment with detergent (Triton X-100) and sonication. Using untreated and solubilized preparations, the effect of lectin binding on the activity of each of the three enzymes was measured. It was observed that wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) dramatically enhanced the activity of membrane-bound maltase but had much less effect on the detergent solubilized enzyme. Under the same conditions aminopeptidase activity was inhibited by WGA and PHA while sucrase activity was not affected. These alterations in enzyme activity occurred at lectin concentrations that also precipitated each solubilized enzyme from solution. Inhibitory sugars prevented the alterations in enzyme activity suggesting that the effect is due to the binding of lectin to specific carbohydrate structures. Enhancement of membrane-bound maltase activity by WGA and PHA was shown to be temperature dependent indicating that the lipid environment of the microvillus membrane may play a role in mediating the lectin effect. A kinetic analysis of the changes in maltase activity induced by these two lectins was due solely to an increase in Vmax. Two other lectins used in this study (concanavalin A and Ricinus communis agglutinin) did not readily precipitate the enzymes in question or alter their activity. These results show that binding of lectins to brush border membranes can induce variable changes in the activity of several membrane associated hydrolases, and suggest that similar changes may occur in vivo in the presence of dietary lectin.
E-064 Adjunctive Stent are Not Flow Diverters: A Computational Flow Dynamics Study Comparing Flow Diverters to Adjunctive Stents (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Historically, adjunctive stents had different constructions than flow diverters. The former were open- (e.g. Neuroform) or closed-cell (e.g. Enterprise) laser cut nitinol devices, with low metal-to-artery ratios and pore densities. The recent introduction of woven adjunctive stents (e.g. LVIS Jr., Leo Baby) blurred the line between adjunctive stents and flow diverters (e.g. Pipeline Embolization Device or PED). There is a misconception that woven adjunctive stents have flow diverting capabilities. A computational flow dynamic (CFD) model was used to compare the flow alteration effects of two adjunctive stents (Neuroform Atlas and LVIS Jr.) and one flow diverter (PED). <h3>Materials and methods</h3> A CFD study was performed on a 2.6 mm sidewall aneurysm in a 2.2–2.3 mm diameter vessel. Three stents were modeled: Neuroform Atlas (3.0 × 24 mm), LVIS Jr. (3.5 × 20 mm), PED (2.75 × 10 mm). The stent was virtually deployed in a compliant vessel model with a wall thickness of 0.6 mm using Finite Element Analysis. For the flow conditions, stress free outlet was assumed with a steady state flow of 2.1 mL/s. Six CFD runs were performed on each adjunctive stent with varying degrees of rotation and placement. The following definitions were used; % aneurysm inflow = inflow rate/parent artery flow rate, turnover time = aneurysm volume/inflow rate, impact zone = area of aneurysm with WSS &gt; 2 Pa. Two-sample T-tests compared Atlas to LVIS Jr. <h3>Results</h3> The CFD study revealed that the 2 adjunctive stents did not divert a significant amount of flow when compared to a flow diverter (Table 1). When compared to each other, the average values for % aneurysm inflow (P = 0.265), turnover time (P = 0.960), and impact zone (P = 0.135) were not statistically different. In contrast, the PED significantly reduced % aneurysm inflow, turnover time, and impact zone. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This analysis revealed that adjunctive stents do not divert flow significantly when compared to pre-treatment baselines. Only a flow diverter significantly altered the flow dynamics within the aneurysm. There was no statistically significant difference in the flow diversion capabilities between the two adjunctive stents. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>B. Jankowitz:</b> None. <b>F. Iannaccone:</b> None. <b>G. De Santis:</b> None. <b>M. De Beule:</b> None. <b>M. Gounis:</b> None. <b>K. Van Der Marel:</b> None. <b>A. Puri:</b> None.
Centimeter Accuracy Stand-alone Indoor Navigation System By Synchronized Pseudolite Constellation (2002)

In recent days, navigation technology becomes more 
important as location based service (LBS) such as E911 
and telematics are considered as attractive business fields. 
Commercial LBS requires that navigation system should 
be inexpensive and available anytime and anywhere - 
indoors and outdoors. If we consider these requirements, 
it is out of question that GPS is the most favorite system in 
the world. However, GPS has a serious problem. The 
problem is that GPS does not operate indoors well. This is 
because GPS satellites are about 20,000km above the 
ground so that indoor signals are too weak to be tracked in 
GPS receiver. This is what so called Indoor Navigation 
Problem. To solve this problem, many researches have 
been done around the world since 1990s. This paper is 
also one of them and we will introduce an excellent 
solution by use of synchronized pseudolite constellation.
Bi-Helix SWS for High-Power TWTs (2014)

We have studied the electromagnetic properties of bi-helix slow-wave structures (SWSs) with added azimuthal conductors in the form of: 1) metal rings connecting the helices and 2) an azimuthally conducting screen formed by metal rings with and without capacitive gaps. We show that these added azimuthal conductors suppress backward-wave oscillation and enable stable high-voltage, high-power operation of traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). Prototype circuits were fabricated and the dependence of phase velocities of the in-phase (fundamental) and opposite-phase (BWO) modes on frequency and on the geometrical parameters of the rings were measured and analyzed. Novel, easily fabricated designs of bi-helix SWSs with circular metallization on diaphragm supports are proposed. These practical designs will make it possible to increase the maximum stable operating voltage of wideband TWTs to 30-40 kV, with a corresponding increase in output power without the danger of BWO.
Nitridation of γ‐TiAl alloys by direct metal–gas reaction at 1000–1300 K (2005)

Abstract Two γ‐TiAl alloys, Ti‐47at%Al‐2at%Nb‐2at%Cr (MJ12) and Ti‐47at%Al‐2at%Nb‐2at%Mn‐0.8at%TiB 2 (MJ47), were nitrided by direct metal–gas reaction at 1000–1300 K in 10 cm 3 s −1 NH 3 . X‐ray diffraction revealed formation of TiN at 1100–1300 K. Knoop microhardness values of the alloys were increased with an increase in the nitridation temperature. Microhardness values of MJ12 and MJ47 with 1300 K nitridation were respectively improved to 1.65 and 1.38 times those of the controls. Nitridation depth at a variety of temperature determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was increased with an increase in the temperature. Ti, Al and N concentrations at a variety of depths analysed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray linescanning are also explained. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A graphene nanoribbon neuro-sensor for glycine detection and imaging (2014)

Glycine acts as a neurotransmitter in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and plays a vital role in processing of motor and sensory information that control movement, vision, and audition. Glycine detection and imaging can lead to a greater understanding of how this information is processed in the CNS. Here, we present a neuro-sensor for the detection and imaging of Glycine molecules, based on a zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon device structure. An energetically stable Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) center is introduced in the device to enable its use in neuronal imaging applications. We demonstrate, by using the Density Functional Theory and Nonequilibrium Green's Function method, that the device detects the attachment of a single Glycine molecule to its edges by significant changes in its conductance. The attachment of Glycine induces current channels around the NV center increasing the current flow through the device. In absence of Glycine, the presence of the NV center suppresses current flow through the device, significantly reducing its power consumption, and allowing for its use in proximity of living neuron cells.
Natural language processing in toxicology: Delineating adverse outcome pathways and guiding the application of new approach methodologies (2022)

Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) are conceptual frameworks that tie an initial perturbation (molecular initiating event) to a phenotypic toxicological manifestation (adverse outcome), through a series of steps (key events). They provide therefore a standardized way to map and organize toxicological mechanistic information. As such, AOPs inform on key events underlying toxicity, thus supporting the development of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), which aim to reduce the use of animal testing for toxicology purposes. However, the establishment of a novel AOP relies on the gathering of multiple streams of evidence and information, from available literature to knowledge databases. Often, this information is in the form of free text, also called unstructured text, which is not immediately digestible by a computer. This information is thus both tedious and increasingly time-consuming to process manually with the growing volume of data available. The advancement of machine learning provides alternative solutions to this challenge. To extract and organize information from relevant sources, it seems valuable to employ deep learning Natural Language Processing techniques. We review here some of the recent progress in the NLP field, and show how these techniques have already demonstrated value in the biomedical and toxicology areas. We also propose an approach to efficiently and reliably extract and combine relevant toxicological information from text. This data can be used to map underlying mechanisms that lead to toxicological effects and start building quantitative models, in particular AOPs, ultimately allowing animal-free human-based hazard and risk assessment.
Characterization and properties of carbon/PMR‐15 composites (1995)

Abstract PMR (polymerization of monomer reactants) ‐15 was formulated to use as a matrix resin for high performance carbon fiber‐reinforced composite materials. Monomers for the PMR‐15 were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Molecular weight change during cure was investigated using gel permeation chromatography. Thermal analysis was carried out to investigate glass transition and thermal degradation. Cure behavior of a glass/PMR‐15 prepreg was investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer. Flexural strength of a cured carbon/PMR‐15 composite was affected by cure temperature and pressure. The morphology of the cured carbon/PMR‐15 was affected by cure conditions as well as by the surface conditions of the carbon fibers. A scanning electron micrograph of the composite made of untreated carbon fibers showed a void‐trapped morphology.
GDNF gene therapy attenuates retinal ischemic injuries in rats. (2004)

In these experiments, GDNF moderately protected rat retina from ischemia-reperfusion injury, possibly by preventing apoptosis in retinal cells.
Role of chaperones in the biogenesis and maintenance of the mitochondrion (1995)

All cells depend on correctly folded proteins for optimal function. A central question in cellular biology is how such folded structures are formed and maintained, a process that is now recognized to rely heavily on a group of proteins called molecular chaperones. Molecular chaperones constitute distinct families of proteins that are ubiquitous and highly conserved from bacteria to humans. They appear to bind nonnative conformations of most, if not all, proteins, thereby preventing their aggregation and subsequent inactivation. The chaperones not only protect newly synthesized proteins during transport and folding, but also serve to maintain the cell in a healthy state during exposure to a multitude of stress conditions. Accordingly, chaperones are expressed constitutively, but their synthesis is further enhanced during stress conditions. Detailed insights into the role of molecular chaperones have come from studies of mitochondrial protein biogenesis, a process in which chaperones act as unfoldases, pulling devices, and foldases. In this review we summarize these developments and further discuss the potential role of chaperones in mitochondrial DNA metabolism and human mitochondrial disease states.
Long‐Term Survival of Patients With Left Ventricular Noncompaction (2021)

Background The prognosis of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) remains elusive despite its recognition as a clinical entity for >30 years. We sought to identify clinical and imaging characteristics and risk factors for mortality in patients with LVNC. Methods and Results 339 adults with LVNC seen between 2000 and 2016 were identified. LVNC was defined as end-systolic noncompacted to compacted myocardial ratio >2 (Jenni criteria) and end-diastolic trough of trabeculation-to-epicardium (X):peak of trabeculation-to-epicardium (Y) ratio <0.5 (Chin criteria) by echocardiography; and end-diastolic noncompacted:compacted ratio >2.3 (Petersen criteria) by magnetic resonance imaging. Median age was 47.4 years, and 46% of patients were female. Left ventricular ejection fraction <50% was present in 57% of patients and isolated apical noncompaction in 48%. During a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 59 patients died. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06), left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (HR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.17-4.80), and noncompaction extending from the apex to the mid or basal segments (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.21-3.68) were associated with all-cause mortality. Compared with the expected survival for age- and sex-matched US population, patients with LVNC had reduced overall survival (<i>P</i><0.001). However, patients with LVNC with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and patients with isolated apical noncompaction had similar survival to the general population. Conclusions Overall survival is reduced in patients with LVNC compared with the expected survival of age- and sex-matched US population. However, survival rate in those with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and isolated apical noncompaction was comparable with that of the general population.
Secretion of a parathyroid hormone like activity by rat long bones in culture (1988)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Optimal Policy Derivation for Transmission Duty-Cycle Constrained LPWAN (2018)

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies enable Internet of Things (IoT) devices to efficiently and robustly communicate over long distances, thus making them especially suited for industrial environments. However, the stringent regulations on the usage of certain industrial, scientific, and medical bands in many countries in which LPWAN operate limit the amount of time IoT motes can occupy the shared bands. This is particularly challenging in industrial scenarios, where not being able to report some detected events might result in the failure of critical assets. To alleviate this, and by mathematically modeling LPWAN-based IoT motes, we have derived optimal transmission policies that maximize the number of reported events (prioritized by their importance) while still complying with current regulations. The proposed solution has been customized for two widely known LPWAN technologies: 1) LoRa and 2) Sigfox. Analytical results reveal that our solution is feasible and performs remarkably close to the theoretical limit for a wide range of network activity patterns.
Results and Lessons Learned From the DOE Commercial Building Partnerships (2014)

Over the course of 5 years, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory worked with commercial building owners and their design teams in the U.S. Department of Energy Commercial Building Partnerships (CBP) to cut energy consumption by 50% in new construction (versus code) and by 30% in existing buildings for a selected set of pilot projects. The objective was to identify strategies that could be replicated across their building portfolios. A number of building types were addressed, including supermarket, retail merchandise, combination big box (general merchandise and food sales), high-rise office space, and warehouse. The pilot projects began in pre-design and included a year of post-construction measurement data to evaluate performance. This paper describes the application of the LowEnergy Building Design Process (LEBDP) in the pilot projects, gives an overview of the results, and provides lessons learned to inform future efforts of this type. Although the pilot projects did not all reach the aggressive CBP energy saving goals, we concluded that the LEBPD could be deployed successfully with large portfolio owners in the private sector. Several ingredients, including owner commitment and a team focus on the energy goal from pre-design through occupancy, were necessary for success. Short simple payback requirements, large plug and process loads, and concern about changing the look and feel of retail spaces posed the biggest challenges to reaching the energy goals.