gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photochemistry and Mobility of Stilbenoid Dendrimers in Their Neat Phases (2003)

Selectively deuterated, dodecyloxy substituted stilbenoid dendrimers of the first and second generation were synthesized by a convergent synthesis, using the Wittig-Horner reaction. The photochemistry and the fluorescence in the different crystalline and liquid crystalline phases were investigated. Molecules deuterated at the alpha-position of the alkoxy chains were used to study the photoreactions in the neat phases by 1H NMR. Reactions of the double bonds are exclusively observed in the liquid crystal phases. No photoreactions occur in the crystalline state. The mobility of the dendrimers was studied by means of 2H solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The onset of the photochemistry for dendrimer 1 [all-(E)-1,3,5-tris[2-(3,4,5-tridodecyloxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene] corresponds to the increasing mobility at the Cr/LC transition. The first generation dendrimers still show large angle motion, whereas dendrimers of the second generation 2 [all-(E)-1,3,5-tris(2-[3,5-bis[2-(3,4,5-tridodecyloxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenyl]ethenyl)benzene] are restricted to librational motions. Photochemical conversion and fluorescence quenching for first and second generation dendrimers 1 and 2 increase with increasing molecular motion and reach a maximum in the isotropic phase.
Design of broadband planar array composed of 2×2 slotted cavities fed by E-plane waveguide parallel-feeding circuit in millimeter-wave band (2016)

An 8×8 element array antenna is composed of the E-plane waveguide parallel-feeding circuit in the lower layer and the 2×2 slotted cavities in the upper layer. The E-plane waveguide parallel-feeding circuit consists of two plates and assembled at the center of the broad wall of the waveguide to achieve low-loss property and wide bandwidth simultaneously. The 2×2 slotted cavities are designed to obtain lower Q factor and an ideal radiation patter in combination with the array factor of the cavity arrangement. The simulated bandwidth with reflection lower than −15 dB were wider than 5 GHz. The sidelobe level was lower than −12 dB and the gain was 26.0 dBi at 73.5 GHz.
The a-factor transporter (STE6 gene product) and cell polarity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1993)

STE6 gene product is required for secretion of the lipopeptide mating pheromone a-factor by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MATa cells. Radiolabeling and immunoprecipitation, either with specific polyclonal antibodies raised against a TrpE-Ste6 fusion protein or with mAbs that recognize c-myc epitopes in fully functional epitope-tagged Ste6 derivatives, demonstrated that Ste6 is a 145-kD phosphoprotein. Subcellular fractionation, various extraction procedures, and immunoblotting showed that Ste6 is an intrinsic plasma membrane-associated protein. The apparent molecular weight of Ste6 was unaffected by tunicamycin treatment, and the radiolabeled protein did not bind to concanavalin A, indicating that Ste6 is not glycosylated and that glycosylation is not required either for its membrane delivery or its function. The amino acid sequence of Ste6 predicts two ATP-binding folds; correspondingly, Ste6 was photoaffinity-labeled specifically with 8-azido-[alpha-32P]ATP. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed that in exponentially growing MATa cells, the majority of Ste6 showed a patchy distribution within the plasma membrane, but a significant fraction was found concentrated in a number of vesicle-like bodies subtending the plasma membrane. In contrast, in MATa cells exposed to the mating pheromone alpha-factor, which markedly induced Ste6 production, the majority of Ste6 was incorporated into the plasma membrane within the growing tip of the elongating cells. The highly localized insertion of this transporter may establish pronounced anisotropy in a-factor secretion from the MATa cell, and thereby may contribute to the establishment of the cell polarity which restricts partner selection and cell fusion during mating to one MAT alpha cell.
Genetic algorithms in the design and optimization of antenna array patterns (1999)

This paper demonstrates the application of genetic algorithms (GAs) in array pattern synthesis. GAs have the ability to escape from local minima and maxima and are ideally suited for problems where the number of variables is very high. We present three examples: two for linear arrays and one involving linear and planar arrays.
Interference localisation for the Eutelsat satellite system (2002)

In its effort to minimise the damage to satellite traffic caused by interference, EUTELSAT undertook, together with DRA (UK Defence Research Agency), a study aimed at determining the benefits provided by the current transmitter location techniques. The study included a theoretical phase and a measurement campaign involving the execution of a number of tests on simulated interference using a transmitter location system (TLS) developed and operated by DRA. As a result of the study, Eutelsat decided to enter into a contract with DRA for the provision of a transmitter location service. This paper discusses the major subjects treated in the study, with special attention to: the benefits, for location accuracy derived from the use of reference signals, the optimum measurement strategy, the potential enhancements of the current system and the manner in which Eutelsat intends to exploit the information provided by the TLS in the context of its network management procedures.
Localization of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 messenger ribonucleic acid in rat ovaries during the estrous cycle. (1992)

To investigate the potential role of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) in ovarian physiology, we employed in situ hybridization and Northern analysis to localize IGFBP-5 mRNA in rat ovaries during the estrous cycle. By Northern analysis, the mRNA was abundant at all stages of the cycle. Two species of mRNAs were detected, with sizes of 6.0 and 1.8 kilobases, respectively. The relative amounts of the two transcripts changed throughout the cycle. By in situ hybridization, IGFBP-5 mRNA was expressed in only a few cell types: 1) granulosa cells of some atretic follicles, 2) some secondary interstitial cells, 3) some corpora lutea, and 4) the surface epithelium. The levels of message in both the granulosa and secondary interstitial cells changed over the cycle. At 1000 h on proestrus (before the LH/FSH surge), the message was expressed in only a few follicles. Interestingly, all were small atretic preantral (200-250 microns) follicles. At 2000 h on proestrus (after the LH/FSH surge), the IGFBP-5 mRNA was more abundant; now almost every atretic preantral follicle showed a strong hybridization signal. At 0200 and 1000 h on estrus, the mRNA appeared for the first time in granulosa cells of some atretic antral follicles and in secondary interstitial cells. Hence, virtually all atretic follicles, preantral and antral, now showed IGFBP-5 gene expression. In contrast to that on proestrus and estrus, the hybridization signal on diestrous days 1 and 2 was much less prominent and was found in only a few atretic preantral follicles. Throughout the cycle, IGFBP-5 mRNA was evident in some corpora lutea, but it was not particularly prominent. Abundant IGFBP-5 mRNA was evident in the surface epithelium, and no change was detected over the cycle. Dominant follicles were devoid of IGFBP-5 mRNA. In conclusion, this paper presents the first evidence that the IGFBP-5 gene is expressed in the adult rat ovary. The IGFBP gene is expressed in a cell-specific manner, e.g. in atretic granulosa, secondary interstitial cells, corpora lutea, and the surface epithelium, and the stage of the cycle significantly affected message levels, especially in atretic granulosa and secondary interstitial cells around estrous morning. These findings suggest that IGBP-5 may be an autocrine/paracrine regulator of ovarian physiology, particularly in relation to preantral follicle atresia.
Santos o demonios. Reflexiones en torno a los cuerpos incorruptos (2016)

En la manera como una cultura construye su nocion del cuerpo se cifra una forma simbolica esencial de entender la realidad. Las representaciones que el hombre hace de si mismo y de lo que lo rodea han ido cambiando con el acontecer de diversos sucesos sociales, economicos, politicos y religiosos. Diferentes personajes, concepciones y distintos momentos de la historia han alimentado una gran reserva de teorias, explicaciones y nociones sobre los cuerpos incorruptos. Pero ?que son estos cuerpos?, ?que los hace especiales con respecto a otros? Por definicion se trata de cuerpos preservados, pero desde una perspectiva religiosa son cuerpos que por motivos desconocidos no sufren putrefaccion y presentan caracteristicas que los hacen distintos, por lo que se les cataloga como santos o, por el contrario, como demonios, lo que da fe de una intervencion divina o demoniaca. Desde la vision cientifica, la tafonomia los explica como cuerpos que han sufrido fenomenos conservadores. La reflexion se lleva a cabo mediante una revision de fuentes bibliograficas sobre los cuerpos incorruptos, sus significados y representaciones en el contexto del pensamiento catolico apostolico romano. Se ha observado que las nociones no han sido las mismas aun dentro de esta religion en diferentes momentos.
A Case of Type 4 Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Dissemination in which a Pathological Complete Response was Obtained by SOX（S-1/L-OHP）Therapy (2021)

症例は65歳，女性．食思不振を主訴に近医を受診し，CEA高値のため精査目的に当院へ紹介となった．上部消化管内視鏡検査で胃体上部から胃角部にかけての4型進行胃癌を認めた．生検の結果，中～低分化腺癌であった．審査腹腔鏡にて腹腔洗浄細胞診陽性，腹膜播種を認め，cT4aN2M1（PER），cStage IVBと診断し，SOX療法（S-1+L-OHP）による化学療法を外来で5コース施行した．5コース施行後，原発巣およびリンパ節腫大は縮小し，再度審査腹腔鏡を施行にて腹膜播種および細胞診が陰転化しており，ycT4aN2M0H0P0CY0，ycStage IIIであったため，conversion手術を施行した．病理組織検査の結果，リンパ節は腫瘍成分が消失しており，原発巣も線維化を認めるのみで腫瘍細胞は認めず，組織学的効果判定はGrade3でpathological complete response（pCR）と判断した．術後経過は良好で，術後10カ月の現在，S-1内服を継続し厳重な経過観察を行っているが，腫瘍の再発を認めていない．
Balancing Water Sustainability and Public Health Goals in the Face of Growing Concerns about Antibiotic Resistance (2013)

Global initiatives are underway to advance the sustainability of urban water infrastructure through measures such as water reuse. However, there are growing concerns that wastewater effluents are enriched in antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes, and thus could serve as a contributing factor to growing rates of antibiotic resistance in human infections. Evidence for the role of the water environment as a source and pathway for the spread of antimicrobial resistance is examined and key knowledge gaps are identified with respect to implications for sustainable water systems. Efforts on the part of engineers along with investment in research in epidemiology, risk assessment, water treatment and water delivery could advance current and future sustainable water strategies and help avoid unintended consequences.
Prevalence of antimicrobial fungal metabolites in Hydrastis canadensis crude extracts (2015)

Goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis L. Ranunculaceae) is a plant used in Native American traditional medicine to treat infection. This plant has been shown by our laboratory to harbor endophytic fungi that produce antimicrobial secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to determine whether antimicrobial fungal metabolites could be detected in the crude extracts of H. canadensis. A series of extracts were prepared in methanol and subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning to remove fats and sugars. A second extraction technique, using aqueous ethanol, was also employed to improve relevance of this study to the botanical dietary supplements industry. Investigations to identify fungal metabolites from these extracts using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry are ongoing.
Characterization of 5B12.1, A Monoclonal Antibody Specific for IL-6 (1990)

A monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for interleukin-6 (IL-6) was generated by fusing SP2/0 cells with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with rat spleen cell derived plasmacytoma growth factor (rat PCT-GF). This MAb inhibited the growth of an IL-6-sensitive murine plasmacytoma clone, MD90, in the presence of the immunogen, rat PCT-GF. More interesting, however, this MAb demonstrated species cross-reactivity by neutralizing murine (recombinant and P388D1 cell line-derived) and human (recombinant) IL-6. IL-6 neutralization activity was also established in other IL-6 bioassays, such as the proliferation of spleen cells, plasmacytoma T1165, and a B-cell hybridoma 7TD1. IL-6 neutralization was overcome partially by increasing the concentration of PCT-GF. The MAb had no effect on PCT-GF-independent plasmacytoma KI81 proliferation. Plastic petri dish-bound MAb removed rmIL-6 activity. These results suggest that this MAb specifically binds IL-6 and neutralizes bioactivity of various PCT-GF, rmIL-6, and rhIL-6.
Apparatus for the Measurement of the Thermal Diffusivity of Solids at High Temperatures (1960)

An apparatus is described for measuring the thermal diffusivity of solids in the temperature range 30°–1000°C. It employs a method in which the dispersion and the attenuation of a thermal wave, propagated through the solid, are measured. The theory underlying this method is presented, and results are given of measurements on Armco iron and germanium.
Radiation dose calculations in persons receiving injection of samarium-153 EDTMP. (1987)

Samarium-153 EDTMP has been proposed as a radionuclide therapeutic agent to treat malignant bone tissue disorders. Data obtained from laboratory rats has been used to calculate the radiation dose for humans following the administration of [153Sm]EDTMP. The data reveals that the highest doses are present in the skeleton and the urinary bladder wall (bladder dose varies with frequency of voiding). Skeletal activity was used to estimate the bone marrow dose from the [153Sm]EDTMP beta radiation. Although this estimate indicates high marrow irradiation it is only an approximation since the beta radiation from inhomogeneously deposited bone activity surrounding the marrow produces variable radiation dose distributions.
Explicit Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Vector (2016)

The PIM Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Vector TLV defined in RFC 5496
can be included in a PIM Join Attribute such that the RPF neighbor is
selected based on the unicast reachability of the RPF Vector instead
of the source or Rendezvous Point associated with the multicast tree.
This document defines a new RPF Vector Attribute type such that an
explicit RPF neighbor list can be encoded in the PIM Join Attribute,
thus bypassing the unicast route lookup.
Concurrency control in CIAO (2003)

This paper is concerned with the concurrency control for collaborative virtual environments. In particular, we describe how concurrent actions are coordinated in a multi-user, large-scale 3-D layout system CIAO. In contrast to many existing systems that sacrifice responsiveness in order to maintain consistency, CIAO achieves optimal response and notification time without compromising consistency. The optimal responsiveness is achieved by a new multicast-based, optimistic concurrency control mechanism. Even operations on a group of related objects do not entail any latency for concurrency control. We also present the multi-user interfaces of CIAO that provide some sense of isolation as well as rich awareness.
Pulsed Ohmic Heating–A Novel Technique for Minimization of Electrochemical Reactions During Processing (2005)

ABSTRACT Minimization of electrochemical reactions during ohmic heating would be desirable. This study examines a pulsed ohmic heating technique to determine its effect on electrochemical reactions. Effects of pulse parameters, such as frequency, pulse width, and delay time were studied, in comparison with conventional (60 Hz, sine wave) ohmic heating using various electrode materials. Analyses of electrode corrosion, hydrogen gas generation, and pH change of the heating media were performed. The results suggest that pulsed ohmic heating is capable of significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) reducing the electrochemical reactions of stainless steel, titanium, and platinized‐titanium electrodes, compared with conventional 60 Hz ohmic heating. The importance of allowing enough delay time for discharge of the electrical double layers after each pulse input is emphasized.
Stabilization and Structure of Telomeric and c-myc Region Intramolecular G-Quadruplexes:  The Role of Central Cations and Small Planar Ligands (2007)

A promising approach for anticancer strategies is the stabilization of telomeric DNA into a G-quadruplex structure. To explore the intrinsic stabilization of folded G-quadruplexes, we combined electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, and molecular modeling studies to study different DNA sequences known to form quadruplexes. Two telomeric DNA sequences of different lengths and two DNA sequences derived from the NHE III1 region of the c-myc oncogene (Pu22 and Pu27) were studied. NH4+ and the ligands PIPER, TMPyP4, and the three quinacridines MMQ1, MMQ3, and BOQ1 were complexed with the DNA sequences to determine their effect on the stability of the G-quadruplexes. Our results demonstrate that G-quadruplex intramolecular folds are stabilized by NH4+ cations and the ligands listed. Furthermore, the ligands can be classified according to their ability to stabilize the quadruplexes and end stacking is shown to be the dominant mode for ligand attachment. In all cases our solvent-free experimental observations and theoretical modeling reveal structures that are highly relevant to the solution-phase structures.
Robust and Efficient 3D Model of an Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) Sensor (2014)

Eddy current induction is used in a wide range of electronic devices, for example in detection sensors. Due to the advances in computer hardware and software, the need for 3D computation and system comprehension is a requirement to develop and optimize such devices nowadays. Pure theoretical models are mostly limited to special cases. On the other hand, the classical use of commercial Finite Element (FE) electromagnetic 3D models is not computationally efficient and lacks modeling flexibility or robustness. The proposed approach focuses on: (1) implementing theoretical formulations in 3D (FE) model of a detection device as well as (2) an automatic Volumetric Estimation Method (VEM) developed to selectively model the target finite elements. Due to these two approaches, this model is suitable for parametric studies and optimization of the number, location, shape, and size of PCB receivers in order to get the desired target discrimination information preserving high accuracy with tenfold reduction in computation time compared to commercial FE software.
Characterization of the pH signal transduction pathway gene palA of Aspergillus nidulans and identification of possible homologs (1997)

We have cloned the palA gene of Aspergillus nidulans, one of six genes participating in ambient pH signal transduction in a regulatory circuit mediating pH regulation of gene expression. The derived 798-residue PalA protein is 29.4% identical over its entire length to a hypothetical protein from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and also has possible yeast homologs.
PIERCE1 is critical for specification of left-right asymmetry in mice (2016)

The specification of left-right asymmetry of the visceral organs is precisely regulated. The earliest breakage of left-right symmetry occurs as the result of leftward flow generated by asymmetric beating of nodal cilia, which eventually induces asymmetric Nodal/Lefty/Pitx2 expression on the left side of the lateral plate mesoderm. PIERCE1 has been identified as a p53 target gene involved in the DNA damage response. In this study, we found that Pierce1-null mice exhibit severe laterality defects, including situs inversus totalis and heterotaxy with randomized situs and left and right isomerisms. The spectrum of laterality defects was closely correlated with randomized expression of Nodal and its downstream genes, Lefty1/2 and Pitx2. The phenotype of Pierce1-null mice most closely resembled that of mutant mice with impaired ciliogenesis and/or ciliary motility of the node. We also found the loss of asymmetric expression of Cerl2, the earliest flow-responding gene in the node of Pierce1-null embryos. The results suggest that Pierce1-null embryos have defects in generating a symmetry breaking signal including leftward nodal flow. This is the first report implicating a role for PIERCE1 in the symmetry-breaking step of left-right asymmetry specification.
Dissociation Pathways of the p53 DNA Binding Domain from DNA and Critical Roles of Key Residues Elucidated by dPaCS-MD/MSM (2022)

p53 is a transcriptional factor that regulates cell response to a variety of stresses. About a half of all human tumors contain p53 mutations, and the accumulation of mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 (p53-DBD) can cause destabilization of p53 and its complex with DNA. To identify the key residues of the p53-DBD/DNA binding and to understand the dissociation mechanisms of the p53-DBD/DNA complex, the dissociation process of p53-DBD from a DNA duplex that contains the consensus sequence (the specific target of p53-DBD) was investigated by a combination of dissociation parallel cascade selection molecular dynamics (dPaCS-MD) and the Markov state model (MSM). This combination (dPaCS-MD/MSM) enabled us to simulate dissociation of the two large molecules based on an all-atom model with a short simulation time (11.2 ± 2.2 ns per trial) and to analyze dissociation pathways, free energy landscape (FEL), and binding free energy. Among 75 trials of dPaCS-MD, p53-DBD dissociated first from the major groove and then detached from the minor groove in 93% of the cases, while 7% of the cases unbinding from the minor groove occurred first. Minor groove binding is mainly stabilized by R248, identified as the most important residue that tightly binds deep inside the minor groove. The standard binding free energy calculated from the FEL was -10.9 ± 0.4 kcal/mol, which agrees with an experimental value of -11.1 kcal/mol. These results indicate that the dPaCS-MD/MSM combination can be a powerful tool to investigate dissociation mechanisms of two large molecules. Analysis of the p53 key residues for DNA binding indicates high correlations with cancer-related mutations, confirming that impairment of the interactions between p53-DBD and DNA can be frequently related to cancer.
α‐Synuclein in blood cells differentiates Parkinson’s disease from healthy controls (2019)

Our results demonstrate the potential usefulness of blood cells expressed α-Syn as a biomarker for PD.
Effect of HBT on the stability of laccase during the decolourization of textile wastewaters (2009)

Abstract BACKGROUND: This study concerns the assessment of laccase stability during textile industry effluent treatment by laccase in the presence of a mediator RESULTS: The effects of 1‐hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) and textile wastewater on the stability of a crude laccase prepared from cultures of Trametes trogii during the process of textile industry effluent decolourization were determined. HBT was essential for decolourization of effluent by laccase. Decolourization efficiency decreased when effluent was repeatedly added to the reaction mixture, suggesting inhibition of laccase during the process. Stability of the laccase was not affected by different concentrations of effluent, but inactivation was proportional to HBT concentration. CONCLUSION: Experimental results showed that a redox mediator such as HBT was required for high decolourization rate of textile industry effluent; however free radicals generated from this compound inactivated the laccase used in the process. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry