gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Characterization of Type A Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens Strains (2009)

Clostridium perfringens type A, is both a ubiquitous environmental bacterium and a major cause of human gastrointestinal disease, which usually involves strains producing C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE). The gene (cpe) encoding this toxin can be carried on the chromosome or a large plasmid. Interestingly, strains carrying cpe on the chromosome and strains carrying cpe on a plasmid often exhibit different biological characteristics, such as resistance properties against heat. In this study, we investigated the genetic properties of C. perfringens by PCR-surveying 21 housekeeping genes and genes on representative plasmids and then confirmed those results by Southern blot assay (SB) of five genes. Furthermore, sequencing analysis of eight housekeeping genes and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis were also performed. Fifty-eight C. perfringens strains were examined, including isolates from: food poisoning cases, human gastrointestinal disease cases, foods in Japan or the USA, or feces of healthy humans. In the PCR survey, eight of eleven housekeeping genes amplified positive reactions in all strains tested. However, by PCR survey and SB assay, one representative virulence gene, pfoA, was not detected in any strains carrying cpe on the chromosome. Genes involved in conjugative transfer of the cpe plasmid were also absent from almost all chromosomal cpe strains. MLST showed that, regardless of their geographic origin, date of isolation, or isolation source, chromosomal cpe isolates, i) assemble into one definitive cluster ii) lack pfoA and iii) lack a plasmid related to the cpe plasmid. Similarly, independent of their origin, strains carrying a cpe plasmid also appear to be related, but are more variable than chromosomal cpe strains, possibly because of the instability of cpe-borne plasmid(s) and/or the conjugative transfer of cpe-plasmid(s) into unrelated C. perfringens strains.
Model tests on behaviour of gravity-type quay walls subjected to strong shaking (2009)

Seismic stability of gravity-type quay walls and prevention of their large distortion are of major concern from a disaster prevention view point as well as in the sense of successful restoration after strong seismic events. There are, however, many existing walls which are of limited seismic resistance and would not be safe under increasing magnitude of design earthquakes. The present study conducted shaking model tests in both 1-g and 50-g centrifugal fields in order to demonstrate the efficiency of available mitigation technologies. Test results suggest that soil improvement in the loose foundation sand can reduce the quay wall damage to a certain extent when the intensity of shaking is around 0.30g. In contrast, under stronger shaking, the centrifugal tests manifested that those measures are not promising because of the increased effects of seismic inertia force.
EP300 Selectively Controls the Enhancer Landscape of MYCN -Amplified Neuroblastoma (2021)

EP300, but not CBP, controls oncogenic CRC-driven transcription in high-risk NB by binding TFAP2β. We developed JQAD1, a CRBN-dependent PROTAC degrader with preferential activity against EP300 and demonstrated its activity in NB. JQAD1 has limited toxicity to untransformed cells and is effective in vivo in a CRBN-dependent manner. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 587.
Characterization of intermixing at the CdS/CdTe interface in CSS deposited CdTe (1996)

CdS/CdTe structures deposited on different substrates are analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), optical transmission, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL). The microstructure of CdTe was found to be independent of CdS crystallinity, and the structural defects at CdS/CdTe interface are generated principally by the lattice mismatch between CdS and CdTe. The interdiffusion at the CdS/CdTe interface was found to be a function of substrate temperature and CdCl2 heat treatment.
Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2011)

We found no evidence that statins were associated with intracerebral hemorrhage; if such a risk is present, its absolute magnitude is likely to be small and outweighed by the other cardiovascular benefits of these drugs.
Kinetic and Molecular Differences in the Amplified and Non-amplified Esterases from Insecticide-resistant and Susceptible Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes (1995)

Two non-amplified esterases were purified from the insecticide-susceptible Pel SS strain of Culex quinquefasciatus. These were the two major esterase activity peaks in this strain. The two corresponding amplified carboxylesterases, Est alpha 2 and Est beta 2, involved in organophosphate sequestration were purified from two resistant C. quinquefasciatus strains. The Pel SS esterases were significantly less reactive with the organophosphates than those from the resistant strains. One of the Pel SS esterases was electrophoretically identical to amplified Culex Est beta 1. However, it differed kinetically, and in its nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences from the two characterized amplified Est beta 1s, it is classified as Est beta 1(3). Restriction fragment analysis suggested Pel SS has only one Est alpha and one Est beta gene, while the resistant Pel RR has both amplified and non-amplified forms of Est alpha and Est beta. The EcoRI fragments for both Pel SS esterases were distinct from those of the amplified Est alpha 2(1), Est beta 2(1), or Est beta 1(1&2). An esterase with the same size EcoRI fragment as Est beta 1(3) was also present in Pel RR. This and restriction enzyme fragment analysis of C. quinquefasciatus field populations suggest that variability of the susceptible alleles may be lower than previously suggested. A non-amplified Est alpha with a unique EcoRI band was present in Pel RR. The previous esterase purification procedures may not have separated these amplified and non-amplified alleles. Hence, the small differences between the purified esterases from resistant strains may reflect mixtures of identical amplified alleles with different non-amplified alleles, which have significantly different k alpha values.
A novel mathematical basis for predicting somatic single nucleotide variants from next-generation sequencing (2012)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death among children. Advances in the understanding of the pathobiology of ALL have led to risk-targeted treatment regimes and increased survival rates. However treatment is far from optimal.
Polymeric photoinitiators based on side‐chain benzoin methyl ether and tertiary amine moieties for fast UV curable coatings (1993)

Abstract The synthesis is reported of a new series of polymeric photoinitiators obtained by copolymerization of a‐methylolbenzoin methyl ether acrylate (MBA) with different N,N‐dialkylamino alkyl acrylates. The copolymers have been fully characterized and employed in the photoinitiated polymerization and crosslinking reactions of a standard acrylic formulation for clear curable coatings. The photoinitiation activity of the above systems has been measured by using microwave dielectrometry and differential photocalorimetry, and compared with that found for the corresponding low‐molecular‐weight models. The results clearly indicate that the copolymeric systems display a remarkable decrease of the induction period and an improved overall activity in the UV curing of the acrylic coatings. An interpretation of the experimental findings is also reported.
Influence of paroxetine and cognitive/behavioral strategies in neurocardiogenic syncope and depression: a case report (2011)

OBJECTIVE: Neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS) is a condition where the patient has a temporary loss of consciousness or feelings of weakness and fatigue. There are triggers such as prolonged sitting or standing, pain, and heavy exercise, but often episodes are random. Treatments are limited and the use of specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) have had mixed results, but a limited number of studies have suggested that paroxetine may be effective in improving the symptoms of NCS. METHODS: This is a single case report of a 20-year old female who was diagnosed with NCS by a tilt test and treated conservatively with increased fluid and salt intake, and counter-pressure maneuvers. She was given one dose of sertraline, but immediately experienced disturbing visual images. She presented at the Depression Center with moderate depressive symptoms and was started on paroxetine and given cognitive/behavioral strategies to manage the NCS. RESULTS: Since the patient had a negative experience with a prior SSRI, she was started on a low dose of paroxetine and omega-3 fatty acids. She also was given a detailed explanation of NCS and a number of cognitive/behavioral strategies such as deep breathing, progressive relaxation, imagery, and sleep. CONCLUSION: After 2-weeks of the multi-faceted treatment approach, she had a significant decrease in her depressive symptoms. After 6-months, the patient had no episodes of syncope and no depressive symptoms. She was able to stand for long periods and exercise without feelings of weakness and fatigue. A multimodal approach may offer the best treatment strategy to achieve full remission in patients with NCS.
Three-color electrowetting display device for electronic paper (2010)

Three-color electrowetting (EW) reflective display devices have been achieved using a vertical stack structure with colored oils. Fundamental properties (interface tension and geometry) of the EW process were investigated. Arrays of ∼1000–2000 pixels were constructed with pixel sizes of 200×600 and 300×900 μm2. Each color layer can be switched independently. Open (oil-free) area fraction of ∼80% in each cell is achieved at ∼10–12 V. Switch-on times range from 5 to 15 ms, suitable for video content display. These characteristics demonstrate that the EW vertical structure has the potential to produce attractive video-speed color reflective electronic paper devices.
Role of c‐Myb in the survival of pre B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leukemogenesis (2012)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. The current treatment protocol for ALL involves an intense chemotherapy regimen yielding cure rates of nearly 80%. However, new therapies need to be designed not only to increase the survival rate but also to combat the risk of severe therapy associated toxicities including secondary malignancies, growth problems, organ damage, and infertility. The c-Myb proto-oncogene is highly expressed in immature hematopoietic cells. In this study, we demonstrate that loss of c-Myb itself decreased the viability of these leukemic cells. Additionally, the inhibition of c-Myb caused a decrease in cell proliferation, significantly increased the number of cells in G(0) /G(1) phase of the cell cycle, increased the sensitivity of pre-B-ALL cells to cytotoxic agents in vitro, and significantly delayed disease onset in a mouse model of leukemia. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Bcl-2 is a target of c-Myb in pre-B-ALL cells. Our results identify c-Myb as a potential therapeutic target in pre-B-ALL and suggest that suppression of c-Myb levels or activity, in combination with currently used therapies and/or dose reduction, may lead to a decrease in toxicity and an increase in patient survival rates. Because c-Myb is aberrantly expressed in several other malignancies, targeting c-Myb will have broad clinical applications.
Infra-red study of hydrogen-bonding interactions at the solid/liquid interface (1974)

An infra-red cell is described which enables the measurement of spectra of adsorbed species and the surfaces of powdered solids at the solid/liquid interface. The hydrogen-bonding interactions of acetone, ether and pyridine, adsorbed from carbon tetrachloride solution, with surface hydroxyl groups on silica have been studied. The results are compared with those for the same interactions at the solid/vapour interface. A correlation is observed between the position of the infra-red band due to the OH-stretching vibration of surface hydroxyl groups hydrogen bonded to a series of substituted pyridines and the pKa values of the corresponding pyridinium ions.
ESX-1 dependent impairment of autophagic flux byMycobacterium tuberculosisin human dendritic cells (2012)

Emerging evidence points to an important role of autophagy in the immune response mediated by dendritic cells (DC) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Since current vaccination based on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is unable to stop the tuberculosis epidemic, a deeper comprehension of the alterations induced by Mtb in DC is essential for setting new vaccine strategies. Here, we compared the capacity of virulent (H37Rv) and avirulent (H37Ra) Mtb strains as well as BCG to modulate autophagy in human primary DC. We found that Mtb H37Rv impairs autophagy at the step of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In contrast, neither Mtb H37Ra nor BCG strains were able to hamper autophagosome maturation. Both these attenuated strains have a functional inhibition of the 6kD early secreted antigenic target ESAT-6, an effector protein of the ESAT-6 Secretion System-1(ESX-1)/type VII secretion system. Notably, the ability to inhibit autophagy was fully restored in recombinant BCG and Mtb H37Ra strains in which ESAT-6 secretion was re-established by genetic complementation using either the ESX-1 region from Mtb (BCG::ESX-1) or the PhoP gene (Mtb H37Ra::PhoP), a regulator of ESAT-6 secretion. Importantly, the autophagic block induced by Mtb was overcome by rapamycin treatment leading to an increased interleukin-12 expression and, in turn, to an enhanced capacity to expand a Th1-oriented response. Collectively, our study demonstrated that Mtb alters the autophagic machinery through the ESX-1 system, and thereby opens new exciting perspectives to better understand the relationship between Mtb virulence and its ability to escape the DC-mediated immune response.
Photonics design tool for advanced CMOS nodes (2015)

Recently, the authors have demonstrated large‐scale integrated systems with several million transistors and hundreds of photonic elements. Yielding such large‐scale integrated systems requires a design‐for‐manufacture rigour that is embodied in the 10 000 to 50 000 design rules that these designs must comply within advanced complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor manufacturing. Here, the authors present a photonic design automation tool which allows automatic generation of layouts without design‐rule violations. This tool is written in SKILL, the native language of the mainstream electric design automation software, Cadence ® . This allows seamless integration of photonic and electronic design in a single environment. The tool leverages intuitive photonic layer definitions, allowing the designer to focus on the physical properties rather than on technology‐dependent details. For the first time the authors present an algorithm for removal of design‐rule violations from photonic layouts based on Manhattan discretisation, Boolean and sizing operations. This algorithm is not limited to the implementation in SKILL, and can in principle be implemented in any scripting language. Connectivity is achieved with software‐defined waveguide ports and low‐level procedures that enable auto‐routing of waveguide connections.
Instruction set synthesis with efficient instruction encoding for configurable processors (2007)

Application-specific instructions can significantly improve the performance, energy-efficiency, and code size of configurable processors. While generating new instructions from application-specific operation patterns has been a common way to improve the instruction set (IS) of a configurable processor, automating the design of ISs for given applications poses new challenges---how to create as well as utilize new instructions in a systematic manner, and how to choose the best set of application-specific instructions considering the various effects the new instructions may have on the data path and the compilation? To address these problems, we present a novel IS synthesis framework that optimizes the IS through an efficient instruction encoding for the given application as well as for the given data path architecture. We first build a library of new instructions created with various encoding alternatives taking into account the data path architecture constraints, and then select the best set of instructions while satisfying the instruction bitwidth constraint. We formulate the problem using integer linear programming and also present an effective heuristic algorithm. Experimental results using our technique generate ISs that show improvements of up to about 40% over the native IS for several application benchmarks running on typical embedded RISC processors.
Taquiarritmias supraventriculares postcirugía cardíaca con y sin el uso de circulación extracorpórea (2003)

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the incidence and pattern of onset of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Design: Retrospective, based on medical charts. Materials and methods: We studied a total of 95 patients: a group of 45 consecutive patients who underwent CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and a second group of 50 patients who underwent primary oll-pump coronary artery bypass (OP-CAB) surgery . All patients underwent surgery between January 1 sI 2002 and August 30th 2003. All patients were operated on by either 01 two cardiac surgeons and underwent median sternotomy. All 01 them received a similar anesthesia protocol and intensive care unit management. Single two-stage venous right atrium and ascending aortic cannulation were used in CABG surgery witFt CPB. 90% 01 all patients received preoperative beta blocker (metoprolol): 88.9% from first group, CABG with CPB, and 92% Irom second group. General demographics and clinical data were similar except in the number 01 altered arteries by coronary arteriography and in tFte number 01 distal anastomoses. Mean time 01 surgery was increased 10rCABG Surgery with CPB (p=0.004). Althought the incidence 01 postoperative atrial librillation/ flutter was dillerent between both groups, 11.11 % vs 2%, CABG surgery and OP-CABG, there is not significative diference between them (p= 0.09). There was not difference in the incidence 01 postoperative arrhythmia when we compared both groups 01 surgery with preoperative metoprolol. (p=0.33) 83.3% 01 postoperative arrhythmias (5 016) were in postoperative days 3-6 in both groups. Conclusion: This trial does not find a stadistical significative difference in the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation/flutter in CABG surgery witn and without CPS. This trial confirms that Seta blockers are type 1 recommendation of American Heart Association in prophylaxis for postoperative supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in cardiac surgery.
Agora2.0 (2013)

Providing a common place for the civil society to gather and discuss topics of mutual interest is a growing challenge for social and collaborative computing. Web-based tools for civic engagement, while promising, are still disconnected from meaningful physical locations where citizens usually meet and might limit the involvement of a considerable portion of the citizen population. We propose a system, Agora2.0, designed to recover the useful function that public places have had in the past in promoting and regulating citizens' participation in public decisions. Agora2.0 is inspired by the old concept of the Greek agora, or public square. It is composed of an onsite interactive public display and an online site. We present the project, the analysis of the requirements, the system prototype, and its evaluation during deployments in a university and in a public relations office of a European city.
376 Pb/s×km Transmission Record over 13,419km Using TPCS-64QAM and C-Band EDFA-Only (2017)

We report on a C-band transpacific transmission using capacity-approaching truncated probabilistic constellation shaping 64QAM (TPCS-64QAM), adaptive-rate FEC decoding and digital nonlinear compensation achieving 28 Tb/s over 13,419 km transmission at 5.6 b/s/Hz spectral efficiency demonstrating a record 376 Pb/s×km capacity-distance product.
Inhibition of Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis by the Bisdichloroacetyldiamine WIN 18,446 Markedly Suppresses Spermatogenesis and Alters Retinoid Metabolism in Mice (2014)

Knowledge of the regulation of testicular retinoic acid synthesis is crucial for understanding its role in spermatogenesis. Bisdichloroacetyldiamines strongly inhibit spermatogenesis. We reported previously that one of these compounds, WIN 18,446, potently inhibited spermatogenesis in rabbits by inhibiting retinoic acid synthesis. To understand how WIN 18,446 inhibits retinoic acid synthesis, we characterized its effects on human retinal dehydrogenase ALDH1A2 in vitro as well as its effects on retinoid metabolism in vivo using mice. WIN 18,446 strongly and irreversibly inhibited ALDH1A2 in vitro. In vivo, WIN 18,446 treatment completely abolished spermatogenesis after 4 weeks of treatment and modestly reduced adiposity in mice fed a chow diet. Effects of WIN 18,446 on retinoid concentrations were tissue-dependent. Although lung and liver retinyl ester concentrations were lower in WIN 18,446-treated animals, adipose retinyl ester levels were increased following the treatment. Interestingly, animals treated with WIN 18,446 had significantly higher circulating retinol concentrations compared with control mice. The effect on spermatogenesis by WIN 18,446 was not prevented by simultaneous treatment with retinoic acid, whereas effects on other tissues were partially or completely reversed. Cessation of WIN 18,446 treatment for 4 weeks reversed most retinoid-related phenotypes except for inhibition of spermatogenesis. Our data suggest that WIN 18,446 may be a useful model of systemic acquired retinoic acid deficiency. Given the effects observed in our study, inhibition of retinoic acid biosynthesis may have relevance for the treatment of obesity and in the development of novel male contraceptives.
Facile synthesis and electrochemical properties of two trinuclear ruthenium complexes based on star-shaped terpyridine derivatives (2007)

Two trinuclear ruthenium complexes [{TolylTerpyRu}3(L3A)]·(PF6)9 and [{TolylTerpyRu}3(L3B)]·(PF6)9 containing the star-shaped ligands 1,3,5-tris{[4′-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridinyl)-1-pyridiniumyl]methylphenyl}benzene (L3A) and 2,4,6-tris{[4′-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridinyl)-1-pyridiniumyl]methyl}mesitylene (L3B), respectively, have been synthesized and characterized using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. These cationic ligands have been synthesized using a 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene or a mesitylene core and the N-alkylation of the 4′-pyridyl group of 4′-(4-pyridyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy,py). The electrochemical properties of the two trinuclear ruthenium complexes have been compared to analogous dinuclear and mononuclear ruthenium complexes.
High performance Rogowski current transducers (2002)

A Rogowski current transducer is an invaluable tool for semiconductor and power electronic circuit development since it is nonintrusive and does not saturate at high currents. This paper reviews the operating principles, performance limitations and development of this measurement technology and outlines improvements to the integrator design that enables bandwidths of 10 MHz to be achieved.
The Comparative Effects of Caudal Block and IV Ketorolac on Emergence Delirium after Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children (2004)

Sevoflurane , 1-4) .