gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measures Development for Brake Dust Emissions with Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Imaging Velocimetry (2011)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The growing awareness of health relevance of fine dust emissions beyond traditional combustion engines becomes more and more important for state of the art research activities. Already existing emission regulations, which are exclusively dedicated to combustion engines, can also be helpful to regulate brake particle emissions since they are nearly in the same range of size and distribution. Another driver is customer satisfaction like surveys such as J.D. Power are showing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;It can be stated that a major reason for complaints is the elevated wheel soiling by braking-caused emissions. The major goals of research activities are the development, realization and evaluation of countermeasures dedicated to brake particle emissions. For the development of measures a possibility is shown, which allows the characterization of particle loaded flows as well as the realization of countermeasures. Therefore numerical flow simulation (CFD) is used. The existing demand of measure-oriented results allows conclusions of the particle behavior as a consequence of implemented changes like geometry or operational scenarios. Moreover it is shown how the emission behavior of different measures is evaluated. To verify the gained simulation results and to proof additionally countermeasures, a suitable measurement method using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is also presented. This allows describing the flow behavior and the particle emission from the brake. Therefore a variable test rig is presented. This one allows a simplified and abstracted environment to analyze selectively certain parameters as well as high-detailed environments, in which measurements close to real conditions can be taken.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Engineered virus-like particles for efficient in vivo delivery of therapeutic proteins (2022)

Methods to deliver gene editing agents in vivo as ribonucleoproteins could offer safety advantages over nucleic acid delivery approaches. We report the development and application of engineered DNA-free virus-like particles (eVLPs) that efficiently package and deliver base editor or Cas9 ribonucleoproteins. By engineering VLPs to overcome cargo packaging, release, and localization bottlenecks, we developed fourth-generation eVLPs that mediate efficient base editing in several primary mouse and human cell types. Using different glycoproteins in eVLPs alters their cellular tropism. Single injections of eVLPs into mice support therapeutic levels of base editing in multiple tissues, reducing serum Pcsk9 levels 78% following 63% liver editing, and partially restoring visual function in a mouse model of genetic blindness. In vitro and in vivo off-target editing from eVLPs was virtually undetected, an improvement over AAV or plasmid delivery. These results establish eVLPs as promising vehicles for therapeutic macromolecule delivery that combine key advantages of both viral and nonviral delivery.
The mitochondrial A3243G mutation presenting as severe cardiomyopathy. (1997)

A 6 year old Portuguese boy with dilated cardiomyopathy had abundant ragged red fibres in muscle (20% of total) and severe lactic acidosis. Molecular genetic analysis showed the A to G transition in the mitochondrial transfer RNALeu(UUR) gene at nt 3243 ("MELAS mutation"), which accounted for 88% and 68% of the total mtDNA in his muscle and blood, respectively. Molecular studies in blood from 16 maternal relatives identified lower percentages of the mutation only in the oligo-symptomatic mother and brother. This case reinforces the notion that cardiomyopathy can be the presenting and predominant clinical expression of the A3243G mutation.
Anatomy of Second Muscular Layer of the Foot: Considerations for Tendon Selection in Transfer for Achilles and Posterior Tibial Tendon Reconstruction (1994)

Controversy exists regarding tendon choice to substitute for a ruptured posterior tibial tendon. A similar debate about late Achilles tendon reconstruction also persists. To establish priorities and aid the surgeon's decision-making process, we studied 85 en bloc dissections of the second muscular layer of the sole. Muscular and tendinous interconnections were evaluated. Location and minimal donor deficit following harvest of the flexor digitorum longus make it the transfer of choice for posterior tibial tendon reconstruction. We suggest that relative strength, anatomic location, and available length of tendon make the flexor hallucis longus the superior choice for late Achilles tendon reconstruction.
Urolithin A, a Gut Metabolite, Improves Insulin Sensitivity Through Augmentation of Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis (2019)

UroA plays a direct role in improving systemic insulin sensitivity independent of its parental compounds. This work supports UroA's role in the metabolic benefits of ellagic acid-rich foods and highlights the significance of its microbial transformation in the gut.
The Sensitivity of the Nipple-Areola Complex: An Anatomic Study (2000)

Although preservation of the sensitivity of the nipple and areola is an important goal in breast surgery, only scant and contradictory information about the course and distribution of the supplying nerves is found in the literature. The existing controversy might be due to the difficulty in dissecting the thin nerves and to frequent anatomic variations that bias the results if only a small number of cadavers are dissected. We dissected 28 female cadavers and found that the nipple and areola were always innervated by the lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th intercostal nerves. The most constant innervation pattern was by the 4th lateral cutaneous branch (79 percent) and by the 3rd and 4th anterior cutaneous branches (57 percent). The anterior cutaneous branches took a superficial course within the subcutaneous tissue and terminated at the medial areolar border in all dissected breasts. The lateral cutaneous branches took a deep course within the pectoral fascia and reached the nipple from its posterior surface in 93 percent of the dissected breasts. In 7 percent of the dissected breasts, the lateral cutaneous branches took a superficial course within the subcutaneous fat and reached the nipple from the lateral side. These findings suggest that the nerves innervating the nipple and areola are best protected if resections at the base of the breast and skin incisions at the medial areolar border are avoided.
ChemInform Abstract: FIVE‐COORDINATE DIOXYGEN ADDUCTS OF COBALT(II) COMPLEXES (1980)

Abstract Die Co‐Komplexe (I), (IIc) und (III) wurden durch Reaktion der wasserfreien Co‐halogenide mit den Phosphinen in CH 2 Cl 2 dargestellt.
Continuous-wave ultraviolet emission through fourth-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery resonator (2011)

We experimentally demonstrate continuous-wave ultraviolet emission through forth-harmonic generation in a millimeter-scale lithium niobate whispering-gallery resonator pumped with a telecommunication-compatible infrared source. The whispering-gallery resonator provides four spectral lines at ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared and infrared, which are equally spaced in frequency via the cascaded-harmonic process and span a 2-octave frequency band. Our technique relies on a variable crystal poling and high transverse order of the modes for phase-matching and a resonator quality factor of over 10(7) to allow cascaded-harmonic generation up to the fourth-harmonic at input pump powers as low as 200 mW. The compact size of the whispering gallery resonator pumped at telecommunication-compatible infrared wavelengths and the low pump power requirement make our device a promising ultraviolet light source for information storage, microscopy, and chemical analysis.
Completion Methods and Results Comparison of Devonian Shale in the Big Sandy Field (1995)

Abstract Considerable effort has been made by various research groups and exploration companies to improve completion techniques in the Devonian Shale. Completions in the Devonian Shale in the Big Sandy Field run the gamut from natural completions, shot-hole completions, Nitrogen fracturing, Nitrogen foam fracturing, C02 foam fracturing, and gelled water fracturing, to the latest technique promoted by the DOE, sand-laden C02 fracturing. Production rates from wells using the different completion techniques in this field vary widely. Of these techniques, Nitrogen foam fractured wells have been observed to have by far the lowest production rates. This paper compares production rates and well test results of the various completion techniques and attempts to quantify the problem with the Nitrogen foam fractured wells in terms of reservoir parameters. This will establish a base from which any improvement can be measured. The conclusions will be drawn from the case histories of approximately 105 wells located within the Big Sandy Field. A summary comparison of production data will allow a fair analysis of the techniques investigated. Well test data from a sampling of these wells will help define reservoir parameters and fracture geometry.
Gut Microbiota: The Brain Peacekeeper (2016)

Gut microbiota regulates intestinal and extraintestinal homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may also regulate brain function and behavior. Results from animal models indicate that disturbances in the composition and functionality of some microbiota members are associated with neurophysiological disorders, strengthening the idea of a microbiota-gut-brain axis and the role of microbiota as a "peacekeeper" in the brain health. Here, we review recent discoveries on the role of the gut microbiota in central nervous system-related diseases. We also discuss the emerging concept of the bidirectional regulation by the circadian rhythm and gut microbiota, and the potential role of the epigenetic regulation in neuronal cell function. Microbiome studies are also highlighted as crucial in the development of targeted therapies for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Simultaneous and successive hue contrast (1985)

Most models of simultaneous and successive hue contrast generally assume similar underlying neural processes, and most experimental results indicate that they produce similar effects. Methodology has often confounded the two effects, however. We show here that for some conditions simultaneous hue contrast yields different results than does successive hue contrast, providing evidence of different neural processes. In four experiments, the red-green null point was used as an indicator of color appearance. In the successive hue contrast condition, a unique blue background was exposed for 10 s of adaptation, followed by a yellow test flash. The null point shifted progressively toward shorter waves as the intensity of the adapting field was increased. Similar results obtained for the usual conditions of simultaneous hue contrast with the center-surround arrangement. However, for brief presentations or with the test stimulus superimposed on the background to control for stray light effects, no such shift occurred in the locus of unique yellow with a unique blue surround. Additional experiments with longer- and shorter-wave backgrounds did produce expected hue shifts, indicating that simultaneous hue contrast effects were nonetheless operative in our conditions. These results suggest that successive hue contrast requires preopponent gain changes, whereas simultaneous hue contrast requires only opponent induction.
Chemical Solution Deposition of Ferroelectric Thin Films - State of the Art and Recent Trends (2002)

Chemical deposition methods include a wide spectrum of techniques ranging from chemical solution deposition (CSD) to Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). After the short description of the complementary aspects, this review will focus on CSD summarizing the state of the art of the method for high-permittivity, ferroelectric, and other complex electronic oxide thin films. Aspects of the selection and the properties of the educts, the microscopic mechanism of the film deposition, and the tailoring of the microstructure by the deposition parameters will be discussed, due to their significant influence on the final film quality. To demonstrate the versatility and the potential of the CSD method, recent hot topics like the deposition of ultrathin films, lateral nanostructering, and the formation of single grains will be specifically discussed.
Psoriasis and osteoporosis: a literature review (2022)

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex comorbidities. Recent evidence has revealed how the inflammatory nature of psoriasis affects bone mineral density and may lead to osteoporosis. This review outlines the current understanding and advances on the association between psoriasis and osteoporosis. The current literature suggests an increased risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with extensive and chronic psoriasis, compounded by other lifestyle and genetic factors. It suggests that prophylactic measures such as vitamin D supplementation and increasing weight-bearing exercises can help, but in patients with extensive psoriasis, prolonged systemic inflammation may require long-term management. Although there have been many short-term RCTs on the efficacy and safety of biologics in psoriasis, clinical studies looking at the long-term effects of biologics, such as whether they might improve bone mineral density in these patients with psoriasis are yet to be conducted.
On array signal processing in spatially correlated noise fields (1992)

It is pointed out that the problem of emitter detection and location in unknown spatially correlated noise fields is not solvable unless appropriate restrictions are imposed on the emitter signals or the noise field. A simple example is included to show that two recently proposed methods for solving the unrestricted problem of array processing in spatially correlated noise may give highly biased results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Interactive Virtual Camerawork Control Based on Hidden Markov Model (2008)

We developed a method of interactive virtual camerawork transition control based on a hidden Markov model with camera orientation as a hidden state and camera distance as an observable output. This method enables a novice user to interactively create a 3-D CG animation by suggesting appropriate camerawork based on the grammar of the film language. We conducted an experimental evaluation in which 363 novice users created 3-D CG animations with the digital movie director system using this method. The results showed a 30.7 % improvement in camera setting efficiency. Time spent writing dialogues increased by 14.7 % although the overall time taken to create the animation was shortened by 4.7 %, suggesting more time was available for creative thinking. Moreover, the ratio of shots that violated the grammar decreased from 9.9 to 4.8 %.
Parenteral immunization with polymeric subcellular vaccine BLSOmp31 induces serum bactericidal and opsonic antibodies against Brucella canis, and stimulates a local immune response in dogs (2015)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
A Peptide Binding Motif for I-Eg7, the MHC Class II Molecule That Protects Eα-Transgenic Nonobese Diabetic Mice from Autoimmune Diabetes (1999)

Abstract The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), fails to express surface MHC class II I-Eg7 molecules due a deletion in the Eα gene promoter. Eα-transgenic NOD mice express the EαEβg7 dimer and fail to develop either insulitis or IDDM. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of protection, most of which require peptide binding to I-Eg7. To define the requirements for peptide binding to I-Eg7, we first identified an I-Eg7-restricted T cell epitope corresponding to the sequence 4–13 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 65-kDa heat shock protein (hsp). Single amino acid substitutions at individual positions revealed a motif for peptide binding to I-Eg7 characterized by two primary anchors at relative position (p) 1 and 4, and two secondary anchors at p6 and p9. This motif is present in eight of nine hsp peptides that bind to I-Eg7 with high affinity. The I-Eg7 binding motif displays a unique p4 anchor compared with the other known I-E motifs, and major differences are found between I-Eg7 and I-Ag7 binding motifs. Analysis of peptide binding to I-Eg7 and I-Ag7 molecules as well as proliferative responses of draining lymph node cells from hsp-primed NOD and Eα-transgenic NOD mice to overlapping hsp peptides revealed that the two MHC molecules bind different peptides. Of 80 hsp peptides tested, none bind with high affinity to both MHC molecules, arguing against some of the mechanisms hypothesized to explain protection from IDDM in Eα-transgenic NOD mice.
Butterfly orthogonal structure for fast transforms, filter banks and wavelets (1992)

Spectral analysis/synthesis ideas that are common for orthogonal transforms, multichannel and multirate filtering, and wavelet transforms are discussed and generalized. Some recently developed unconventional applications of the butterfly orthogonal decomposition technique are reviewed and its usefulness in developing efficient multiresolution digital signal processing systems is discussed. A generalized multirate filtering structure is developed that is based on fast algorithms of orthogonal transforms and their orthogonal subtransforms. In particular the structural subband decomposition of a discrete signal in sequency and frequency spectral domains is given. A generalized butterfly tree structure with all-pass branches and arbitrary weighting constants as well as its multilevel filter application is discussed. Wavelet filter bank realizations appear as a subset of presented structures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Highly Efficient Borylation Suzuki Coupling Process for 4-Bromo-2-ketothiazoles: Straightforward Access to Micrococcinate and Saramycetate Esters (2009)

The first palladium-catalyzed borylation of 4-bromo-2-ketothiazoles followed by a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with haloheteroaromatics using Buchwald's Cy-JohnPhos and XPhos ligands is reported. The methodology has allowed the fast preparation of highly valuable 4-pyridinyl- and 4-thiazolyl-2-ketothiazoles as common subunits of thiopeptide antibiotics. As direct applications, novel concise syntheses of a sulfomycinamate thio-analogue as well as micrococcinate and saramycetate esters are described.
Functional fingerprinting of human mesenchymal stem cells using high-throughput RNAi screening (2015)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cellular therapies ranging from tissue repair in regenerative medicine to immunomodulation in graft versus host disease after allogeneic transplantation or in autoimmune diseases. Nonetheless, progress has been hampered by their enormous phenotypic as well as functional heterogeneity and the lack of uniform standards and guidelines for quality control. In this study, we describe a method to perform cellular phenotyping by high-throughput RNA interference in primary human bone marrow MSCs. We have shown that despite heterogeneity of MSC populations, robust functional assays can be established that are suitable for high-throughput and high-content screening. We profiled primary human MSCs against human fibroblasts. Network analysis showed a kinome fingerprint that differs from human primary fibroblasts as well as fibroblast cell lines. In conclusion, this study shows that high-throughput screening in primary human MSCs can be reliably used for kinome fingerprinting.
Vulnerability Detection Methodology for a Digital Signal Processor Micro-Controller at Edge Level Distributed Energy Resource Controller (2020)

Integration of renewable energy and energy storage based Distributed Energy Resource (DER) assets to the grid has seen an upsurge over the past few decades. Traditionally, energy would be generated at a thermal or nuclear power plant and then transmitted over long distance through the transmission grid and then supply to the customers at the distribution grid. Modern renewable energy based DER assets have brought energy production at the edge of distribution grid, which has made the grid vulnerable to cyber intrusion as the power flow controllers for such DER assets are now distributed across the grid from distribution level to transmission level. This paper discusses the vulnerability posed by such power flow controllers of DER assets and demonstrates a detection methodology for unauthorized access and manipulation of system configuration for Digital Signal Processor based Microcontrollers. Experimental results proving efficacy of the methodology have been shown in paper.
The Light-Dependent Transduction Pathway Controlling the Regulatory Phosphorylation of C4 Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase in Protoplasts from Digitaria sanguinalis. (1996)

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) was characterized in extracts from C4 mesophyll protoplasts isolated from Digitaria sanguinalis leaves and shown to display the structural, functional, and regulatory properties typical of a C4 PEPC. In situ increases in the apparent phosphorylation state of the enzyme and the activity of its Ca2+-independent protein-serine kinase were induced by light plus NH4Cl or methylamine. The photosynthesis-related metabolite 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) was used as a substitute for the weak base in these experiments. The early effects of light plus the weak base or 3-PGA treatment were alkalinization of protoplast cytosolic pH, shown by fluorescence cytometry, and calcium mobilization from vacuoles, as suggested by the use of the calcium channel blockers TMB-8 and verapamil. The increases in PEPC kinase activity and the apparent phosphorylation state of PEPC also were blocked in situ by the electron transport and ATP synthesis inhibitors DCMU and gramicidin, respectively, the calcium/calmodulin antagonists W7, W5, and compound 48/80, and the cytosolic protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. These results suggest that the production of ATP and/or NADPH by the illuminated mesophyll chloroplast is required for the activation of the transduction pathway, which presumably includes an upstream Ca2+-dependent protein kinase and a cytosolic protein synthesis event. The collective data support the view that the C4 PEPC light transduction pathway is contained entirely within the mesophyll cell and imply cross-talk between the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in the form of the photosynthetic metabolite 3-PGA.
Grain Size and Texture Effects on Polarization Reversal Dynamics in BaTiO3 under High Power Drive Conditions. (2014)

Abstract not provided.