gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrahepatic Insulin Exposure, Intrahepatocellular Lipid and Regional Body Fat in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2012)

Men with NAFLD have higher intrahepatic insulin exposure than controls. This correlates with IHCL, but the principal determinants of IHCL were fat distribution and hepatic rather than peripheral insulin resistance.
The combinatorics of heuristic search termination for object recognition in cluttered environments (1991)

Many current recognition systems terminate a search once an interpretation that is good enough is found. The author formally examines the combinatorics of this approach, showing that choosing correct termination procedures can dramatically reduce the search. In particular, the author provides conditions on the object model and the scene clutter such that the expected search is at most quartic. The analytic results are shown to be in agreement with empirical data for cluttered object recognition. These results imply that it is critical to use techniques that select subsets of the data likely to have come from a single object before establishing a correspondence between data and model features.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: DIENOPHILIC REACTIONS OF 3‐((TRIMETHYLSILYLOXY))‐3‐BUTEN‐2‐ONE (1981)

Abstract Dienophile Reaktionen des Vinyletherketons (I) mit verschiedenen Dienen (II), (IV) oder (VI) zu entsprechenden Carbinolen (nach Hydrolyse) werden beschrieben.
Traumatic Aneurysm of the Superficial Temporal Artery (1975)

TRAUMATIC aneurysms are usually sacular lesions that form when the arterial wall is weakened by full-thickness arterial injury from blunt or penetrating trauma. With subsequent liquefaction of the hematoma, the false aneurysm becomes pulsatile and expands gradually, causing pressure effects on local tissue. Two false aneurysms of the superficial temporal artery in squash players have recently been treated at the University of Virginia Medical Center. Proper diagnosis is necessary to avoid troublesome intraoperative hemorrhage. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 20-year-old college student was seen in the outpatient surgical department for a cyst over the right frontal region at the hairline. Three weeks previously, he had sustained a sharp blow to the same region by a squash ball during a vigorous game. The mass was nonpulsatile and measured 1 cm in diameter. On incision under local anesthesia, a blue-red cystic mass was discovered. During removal of the mass, brisk bleeding
Causal Ambiguity (2016)

Inter-firm causal ambiguity arises from the tacitness within skills and routines underlying firm competencies, complexity among combinations of competencies and the specificity of assets within competencies (Reed and DeFillippi Acad Manag Rev 15: 88–102, 1990). It can thus help sustain a competitive advantage because it is difficult for competitors to understand the relationship between a firm’s inputs and its outputs. More recently, causal ambiguity has also been viewed as an intra-firm phenomenon that can limit the extension of a competitive advantage because of the difficulty of replication of competencies to other parts of the firm.
Forensic Application of Postmortem Diffusion-Weighted and Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging of the Human Brain in Situ (2011)

Performing postmortem DWI and DTI of the brain in situ can provide valuable information for application in forensic medicine. ADC could be used as an indicator of PMI and could help in the assessment of the cause of death.
Practical Solution on the 3D Eikonal Equation on a Mixed Grid (1995)

Calculation of 3D traveltimes is needed for the Kirchoff integral based prestack depth migration. 3D prestack imaging requires a significant large amount of computation where a major part is dedicated to traveltime calculations. Therefore, a practical way for calculating traveltimes is needed.
Multiple Myeloma, Version 1.2013 (2013)

These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight the important updates/changes specific to the management of relapsed or progressive disease in the 2013 version of the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Multiple Myeloma. These changes include the addition of new regimens as options for salvage therapy and strategies to mitigate the adverse effects and risks associated with newer regimens for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
The performance of rail track incorporating the effects of ballast breakage, confining pressure and geosynthetic reinforcement (2009)

Rail tracks are often placed on ballast which offers the desirable resiliency to cyclic loads. However ballasted beds need periodic maintenance due to deformation and degradation associated with breakage and fouling. A proper understanding of load transfer mechanisms and their effect on ballast breakage are prerequisites for minimizing maintenance costs. Recycled ballast is a cheaper and environmentally viable option but its strength characteristics need to be investigated beforehand. This paper demonstrates the analytical, numerical and laboratory investigations carried out to investigate the geotechnical behavior of ballast, including shear strength, ballast breakage, and confining pressure. The potential use of geosynthetics for improving the stability and drainage of railway tracks under high monotonic and cyclic loading is also studied. Field tests were carried out to measure the in-situ stresses of ballast on a section of instrumented track funded and built by RailCorp, Australia.
A DRUG ABSORPTION ANALYSIS FOR THE MYDRIATIC, TROPICAMIDE, USING PHARMACOLOGICAL RESPONSE INTENSITIES (1971)

Abstract not available
Pegylated Glucose Gold Nanoparticles for Improved <I>In-Vivo</I> Bio-Distribution and Enhanced Radiotherapy on Cervical Cancer (2014)

Pharmacokinetics and bio-distribution are crucial factors affecting the performance of an intravenous drug. In this study, we explore the combined use of glucose and polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligands to further improve gold nanoparticle (GNP) pharmacokinetics and bio-distribution, with the aim of using the drug for in-vivo radiotherapy. The inclusion of PEG was found to significantly prolong the half-life period, where PEG-Glu-GNPs achieved 6.17 +/- 3.71 h, compared to 1.23 +/- 0.14 h for Glu-GNPs and 1.07 +/- 0.22 h for uncoated GNPs. Our data indicates that nanoparticle size impacts cell uptake performance, with 20 nm being the optimal diameter for cancer treatment applications. Although PEG-Glu-GNPs mainly distributed in the spleen, liver, lung, and kidneys, the concentration of PEG-Glu-GNPs in tumour tissue was 20 times higher than healthy cells in the uterus and ovaries, reaching 9.22 +/- 2.41 microg/g cancer tissue at 48 h after injection. This difference in uptake holds promise for selective tumor targeting which can in turn lead to more effective radiotherapy through the interaction of X-rays and GNPs. Specifically tumor size after 47 days of treatment had reduced to (769 +/- 92) mm3 compared to (1432 +/- 269) mm3 using X-rays alone and (3514 +/- 1818) mm3 without any treatment. Moreover, the mice remained healthy without statistically significant weight loss. Results of our pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution study as well as therapeutic data for PEG-Glu-GNPs in our tumor bearing animal model demonstrate that PEG-Glu-GNPs provide excellent in-vivo stability, tumor targeting function, and radiotherapeutic enhancement effects, providing useful insights for further clinical studies.
Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Esters Using Heterogeneous Co3O4–N@C Catalysts under Mild Conditions (2013)

Novel cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts have been developed for the direct oxidative esterification of alcohols using molecular oxygen as benign oxidant. Pyrolysis of nitrogen-ligated cobalt(II) acetate supported on commercial carbon transforms typical homogeneous complexes to highly active and selective heterogeneous Co3O4-N@C materials. By applying these catalysts in the presence of oxygen, the cross and self-esterification of alcohols to esters proceeds in good to excellent yields.
Vertical‐Tunneling Field‐Effect Transistor Based on WSe2‐MoS2 Heterostructure with Ion Gel Dielectric (2020)

Abstract A p‐type tunneling field‐effect transistor is demonstrated based on a van der Waals vertical heterostructure of WSe 2 and MoS 2 , utilizing the ion gel dielectric as top gate. Band‐to‐band tunneling is achieved by modulating the band alignment of the heterojunction of WSe 2 and MoS 2 with gating the WSe 2 channel through ion gel top gate. A fabricated tunneling field‐effect transistor shows a minimum subthreshold swing of 36 mV dec −1 and ON/OFF current ratio of 10 6 at room temperature. Furthermore, evidence of band‐to‐band tunneling is clearly confirmed through temperature dependent I–V characteristics. This work holds considerable promise for the low‐power computational devices based on integrated circuits.
Data from proteomic analysis of bovine Longissimus dorsi muscle associated with intramuscular fat content (2018)

The proteomic data presented in this article are associated with the research article entitled "<i>Longissimus dorsi</i> muscle label-free quantitative proteomic reveals biological mechanisms associated with intramuscular fat deposition" published in Journal of Proteomics [1]. In this article, we characterized the proteomic profile of bovine <i>Longissimus dorsi</i> muscle from Nelore steers and identified differentially abundant proteins associated with the intramuscular fat (IMF) content. An integrated transcriptome-assisted label-free quantitative proteomic approach by High Definition Mass Spectrometry (HDMS<sup>E</sup>) was employed to identify and quantify the proteins. A functional enrichment analysis using the differentially abundant proteins list was performed to understand the biological processes involved in IMF deposition. Moreover, to explore and clarify the biological mechanisms that influence IMF content, the mRNA data for the same trait from Cesar and collaborators [2] obtained by RNA-sequencing technology was compared with proteomic data. The mRNA data is deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) repository (EMBL-EBI), under accession PRJEB13188.
Fast Intra Mode Decision Algorithm Using the Sum of Absolute Transformed Differences (2011)

This paper presents a fast intra mode decision algorithm using the sum of absolute transformed differences (SATD) in order to reduce the encoding time. Our algorithm consists of two main techniques: Early block-mode decision and candidate directional-mode selection. First, we use the early block-mode decision method, I4MB skip, to avoid unnecessary computation for I4MB. If all the 16 4×4sub-blocks in intra 16×16block (I16MB) have the minimum SATD in the same directional-mode, then we skip the I4MB prediction and choose the I16MB as the best block-mode for the current block. Besides, before performing the rate-distortion cost for all nine directional-modes of I4MB, which brings out the huge complexity, we reduce the number of the candidate directional-modes by comparing the SATD of each mode with the SATD of primary prediction mode (PPM). The PPM is obtained from the combination of the best mode of I16MB and the modes of neighboring blocks. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm saved encoding time about 70% with negligible degradation.
An improved HIV antigen/antibody prototype assay for earlier detection of acute HIV infection (2021)

These data indicate that the new prototype HIV Combo Next assay will be of diagnostic value, providing improved early detection for acute HIV infection from divergent HIV strains.
A Weighted Multi-Sequence Markov Model For Brain Lesion Segmentation (2010)

International audience
CORROSION OF THERMOCOUPLE SHEATH MATERIALS IN A PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR ENVIRONMENT. (1972)

connbined spraying and flooding experiments were penformed on two rod bundles containing stainless steel-clad heaters as fuel pin simulators. The ranges of experimental conditions were the following. Bundle initial power ranged from 25 to 390 kW, dooding rates ranged from 0.63 to 6.05 in./sec, spray rates ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 gpm, and bundle initial maximunn temperatures ranged from 320 to 2150 deg F. The major parameters and results of these tests are discussed, and comments are presented regarding the effect of variations in the parameters on the heat transfer coefficients and bundle thermal response. (auth)
Body adiposity dictates different mechanisms of increased coronary reactivity related to improved in vivo cardiac function (2014)

Nascent obesity-induced improvement of cardiac function may be supported by an enhanced coronary reserve occurring via different mechanisms. These mechanisms implicate either the endothelial cells activity or the smooth muscle cells sensitivity depending on the body adiposity of the animals.
Mono- and Dihydroxylated Metabolites of Thalidomide: Synthesis and TNF-.ALPHA. Production-Inhibitory Activity (2006)

Mono- and dihydroxylated metabolites of thalidomide were efficiently prepared and characterized, and their inhibitory activity on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 was evaluated. 5,N-Dihydroxythalidomide was a much more potent TNF-alpha production inhibitor than thalidomide.
Recent Development in the Chemistry of Pyrido‐oxazines, Pyrido‐thiazines, Pyrido‐diazines and Their Benzologues. Part 2. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Well Control Aspects of Riserless Drilling (1998)

Abstract Riserless drilling is a term used to describe an unconventional technique using a relatively small diameter pipe as a mud return line from the sea floor instead of a large diameter marine riser. The scheme also balances internal and external pressures at the sea floor by reducing the internal pressure to make a dual pressure gradient possible. This paper presents basic concepts of riserless drilling and a brief review of problems associated with conventional marine riser drilling for deep water applications. The paper also presents hydraulics, kick detection methods, and well control aspects of riserless drilling with comparison to conventional riser drilling. Other operational considerations are given briefly. P. 355
A Context-centric Security Middleware for Service Provisioning in Pervasive Computing (2005)

Pervasive user mobility, wireless connectivity and the widespread diffusion of portable devices raise new challenges for ubiquitous service provisioning. An emerging architecture solution in the wireless Internet is based on mobile proxies (implemented as mobile agent-based middleware components) over the fixed network that follow the movements and act on behalf of the limited wireless clients. It is crucial that mobile proxies have full visibility of their context, i.e., the set of available and relevant resources, depending on access control rules, client location, user preferences, privacy requirements, terminal characteristics, and current state of hosting environments. The paper presents the design and implementation of a context-centric security middleware, called UbiCOSM, for MA-based service provisioning in pervasive computing. UbiCOSM dynamically determines the contexts of mobile proxies, and effectively rules the access to them, by taking into account different types of metadata (user profiles and authorization policies), expressed at a high level of abstraction and cleanly separated from the service logic. The paper also shows the functioning of UbiCOSM in the design and the development of a mobile context-centric airport business assistant.
Pyrazolodiazepines. 2. 4-Aryl-1,3-dialkyl-6,8-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-e][1,4]diazepin-7(1H)-ones as antianxiety and anticonvulsant agents (1977)

A series of 4-aryl-1,3-dialkyl-6,8-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-e] [1,4]diazepin-7(1H)-ones was synthesized and screened for psychotropic activity. In animals, a number of these pyrazolodiazepinones had strong CNS effects similar to diazepam. One compound, 4-(2-fluorophenyl)-6,8-dihydro-1,3,8-trimethylpyrazolo[3,4-e] [1,4]diazepin-7(1H)-one (54), is being studied in the clinic as a component of a new animal anesthetic, Tilazol.
Involvement of α6 nicotinic receptor subunit in nicotine-elicited locomotion, demonstrated by in vivo antisense oligonucleotide infusion (1999)

Enhanced locomotion in a habituated environment is a well documented effect of nicotine mediated by the mesotelencephalic dopaminergic system. The nicotinic receptor subunit alpha6 is, among other subunits, strongly expressed in the dopaminergic neurons of the mesencephalon. To examine the functional role of this subunit, we inhibited its expression in vivo using antisense oligonucleotides. In vitro treatments of embryonic mesencephalic neuron cultures demonstrated that the alpha6 antisense oligonucleotides caused a marked decrease in the level of alpha6 subunit protein. In vivo, 1 week infusion of alpha6 antisense oligonucleotides by osmotic mini-pump reduced the effect of nicotine on locomotor activity in habituated environment by 70%. These data support the notion that the effects of nicotine on the dopaminergic system involve alpha6 subunit containing nAChRs.
Evidence for a Dense, Cold Screen towards IRAS 18507+0121 (1997)

Self-absorbed profiles has been seen towards the core containing IRAS 18507+0121, a probable high-mass protostar, in the millimeter wave lines of HCO+, H13 CO+, CS, and C34S. Especially, the J = 1 → 0 line of H13 CO+, is found to be stronger than that of HCO+. We have modeled this core in order to determine the physical conditions in it. To generate synthetic spectra from the model core, we used a multi-level, non-LTE radiative transfer code that employs a large-velocity-gradient approximation in order to estimate the level populations. It has been demonstrated that the line profiles can be explained by a collapsing hot core hidden behind a cold (∼ 4 K) and dense (3 × 104 cm−3) intervening, but comoving, screen or envelope. The model parameters adjusted to reproduce the observed profiles are (a) the temperature, density, and velocity fields in the model core and (b) the temperature, density, and linewidth in the screen. Comparing the observed profiles with the model spectra at both the on-center and one off-center positions, we have been able to reliably determine the physical conditions in the core.
Optimization of the drive circuit for enhancement mode power GaN FETs in DC-DC converters (2012)

This paper discusses the practical concerns and optimization of the drive circuit for enhancement mode Gallium-Nitride (GaN) power transistors in dc-dc converters. The GaN FET's 6.0V absolute maximum gate voltage rating and ultra low threshold voltage impose strict constrains on the drive circuit. It is critical to achieve precise gate voltage limit, realize a low impedance gate signal path, and meet the stringent noise immunity requirements by optimizing the gate drive circuit. Prototype converters were built and experimental results are presented as proof of concept.
Generation of high-repetition-rate optical pulse using cascaded long-period fibre gratings (2004)

The generation of high-repetition-rate optical pulses using cascaded long-period fibre gratings is proposed. The pulse multiplication is realised by exploiting the difference in the propagation constant of the core and a cladding mode in a standard singlemode fibre. Two, four and eight times pulse multiplication have been successfully implemented with a minimum repetition period of 2.4 ps.
Stochastic Negative Mining for Learning with Large Output Spaces (2018)

We consider the problem of retrieving the most relevant labels for a given input when the size of the output space is very large. Retrieval methods are modeled as set-valued classifiers which output a small set of classes for each input, and a mistake is made if the label is not in the output set. Despite its practical importance, a statistically principled, yet practical solution to this problem is largely missing. To this end, we first define a family of surrogate losses and show that they are calibrated and convex under certain conditions on the loss parameters and data distribution, thereby establishing a statistical and analytical basis for using these losses. Furthermore, we identify a particularly intuitive class of loss functions in the aforementioned family and show that they are amenable to practical implementation in the large output space setting (i.e. computation is possible without evaluating scores of all labels) by developing a technique called Stochastic Negative Mining. We also provide generalization error bounds for the losses in the family. Finally, we conduct experiments which demonstrate that Stochastic Negative Mining yields benefits over commonly used negative sampling approaches.
Uniformly low serum cobalt levels after modular dual-mobility total hip arthroplasties with ceramic heads (2019)

At a mean of four years, no patient with a modular dual-mobility construct and ceramic femoral head had elevated Co levels, including seven patients revised specifically for ALTR. While further studies are required, we support the selective use of a modular dual-mobility construct in revision and complex primary THAs for patients at high risk for instability. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):57-61.
Electronic transport and 1/f noise studies in 250 MeV 107Ag ion irradiated La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 thin films (1999)

The influence of 250 MeV 107Ag ion irradiation on electrical transport and low frequency conduction noise properties of La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 (LCMO) thin films have been investigated. A systematic variation of metal–insulator transition temperature Tp and resistivity as a function of ion fluence has been observed. It has been noted that for the sample irradiated with 1011 ions/cm2, Tp increased by 10 K and the resistivity is decreased in the ferromagnetic metallic state from that of an unirradiated sample, whereas our noise results show a monotonic increase in the normalized noise Sv/V2, as a function of ion fluence. The observed modifications in the noise properties of the irradiated LCMO thin films are consistent with the general expectation concerning the effect of swift heavy ions irradiation induced lattice defects.
Speaker identification by speech spectrograms: some further observations (1973)

This letter reviews recent research on speaker identification by means of comparisons of speech spectrograms by human observers. Various factors affecting the reliability of identification are discussed, particularly those that would be present in practical forensic situations. Our interpretations of the new data lead us to reiterate our previous conclusion: that the degree of reliability of identification under practical conditions has not been scientifically established.
Ein neuer Weg zum Aufbau des Pyrrol‐Ringsystems (1961)

Abstract N ‐Alkyl‐, N ‐Aryl‐ oder N ‐Acyl‐amine mit zwei durch Carbonsäureester‐ oder Nitrilgruppen aktivierten CH 2 ‐Gruppen in α.α′‐Stellung können mit Benzil in Gegenwart von Kalium‐tert.‐butylat mit Ausbeuten bis zu 60–80% zu 1‐Alkyl‐(Aryl oder Acyl)‐3.4‐diphenyl‐pyrrol‐Derivaten (XII) kondensiert werden, die in 2‐ und 5‐Stellung Carboxy‐, Carbalkoxy‐, Cyan‐ oder Carbonsäureamidreste tragen. Die freien Pyrrol‐α‐carbonsäuren lassen sich leicht mit Säuren zu in α‐ und α′‐Stellung unsubstituierten Pyrrolen decarboxylieren, die 1‐Acyl‐pyrrole mit Basen zu NH‐Pyrrolen hydrolysieren. — Die Darstellung geeigneter, Methylengruppen enthaltender Amin‐Komponenten VIII wird beschrieben. Zur Herstellung der bisher unbekannten Bis‐cyanmethyl‐Derivate aromatischer Amine wurde ein einfaches Cyanmethylierungsverfahren mit Polyoxymethylen, Kaliumcyanid und Eisessig gefunden.