gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Basis for Isoform Selective Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition by Thiophene-2-carboximidamides (2018)

The overproduction of nitric oxide in the brain by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Although inhibiting nNOS is an important therapeutic goal, it is important not to inhibit endothelial NOS (eNOS) because of the critical role played by eNOS in maintaining vascular tone. While it has been possible to develop nNOS selective aminopyridine inhibitors, many of the most potent and selective inhibitors exhibit poor bioavailability properties. Our group and others have turned to more biocompatible thiophene-2-carboximidamide (T2C) inhibitors as potential nNOS selective inhibitors. We have used crystallography and computational methods to better understand how and why two commercially developed T2C inhibitors exhibit selectivity for human nNOS over human eNOS. As with many of the aminopyridine inhibitors, a critical active site Asp residue in nNOS versus Asn in eNOS is largely responsible for controlling selectivity. We also present thermodynamic integration results to better understand the change in p K<sub>a</sub> and thus the charge of inhibitors once bound to the active site. In addition, relative free energy calculations underscore the importance of enhanced electrostatic stabilization of inhibitors bound to the nNOS active site compared to eNOS.
Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing of hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone reconstruction in jawbone atrophy: a systematic review and case report (2016)

Mechanical tests showed that HA scaffolds with pore diameters ranging from 400 to 1200 μm had compressive moduli and strength within the range of the human craniofacial trabecular bone. In conclusion, using CAD/CAM techniques for preparing HA scaffolds may increase graft stability and reduce surgical operating time.
Prognostic Significance of Prostate-Specific Antigen Persistence after Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prognostic value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence 4-8 weeks after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with prostate cancer, using studies from Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, on 10 October 2020. Studies were eligible if they compared patients with postoperative PSA persistence 4-8 weeks after RP to those without such persistence to assess the value of PSA persistence in prognosticating biochemical recurrence (BCR), disease recurrence, cancer-specific mortality (CSM), and overall mortality (OM) by multivariable analysis. Our review and analysis included nine studies published between 2008 and 2019 with 14,455 patients. Of those studies, 12.0% showed postoperative PSA persistence. PSA persistence was associated with BCR (HR: 4.44, 95% CI: 2.84-6.93), disease recurrence (HR: 3.43, 95% CI: 1.62-7.25), and CSM (HR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.83-2.95). We omitted meta-analysis on the association of PSA persistence with OM due to an insufficient number of studies. PSA persistence was associated with disease recurrence in a sub-group of patients with pathological nodal involvement (HR: 5.90, 95% CI: 3.76-9.24). Understanding detection of PSA persistence at 4-8 weeks after RP might be useful for patient counseling, follow-up scheduling, and clinical decision-making regarding adjuvant therapies.
Intelligent Sorting System of Coal Gangue with Machine Vision (2018)

Gangue sorting is an important part of coal production, which is to choose gangues from coal blocks. At present, most of the separation of large gangues is selected by hand selection in China. The labor intensity of the workers is large, the production efficiency is low, and the working environment is bad, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of the workers. The automatic sorting of coal gangues can be realized by the machine vision based on sorting technology and the mechanical arms. As a result, the production cost can be effectively reduced while the coal sorting efficiency is greatly improved.
Characteristics of Low NOx Plasma Burner Incorporating with Rotating Arc Plasma (2011)

Characteristics of low NOx burner is investigated. Low NOx burner introduced in this paper adopts two staged combustion with plasma burner for the 1st stage combustion. Extensive parametric tests were done to figure out the effect of burner stoichiometry, staged thermal load, electric power for plasma generation. Overall NOx production by burner shows effective reduction by adopting plasma staged burner. and the aspects depends on the fuel stoichiometry of 1st stage burner or operating condition of plasma burner. It is promising to use plasma burner as an alternative tools of low NOx burner technology.
Creating a Support Tool for Designing Gardens with Japanese Maple Trees (2021)

京都の庭のモミジは，その審美的価値観が人々の間に定着していると考えられる。そこで，戸建住宅の小規模な庭にモミジを植栽する際の援用ツールとして，モミジを中心とする平面構成を京都の寺院等の実例より抽出してカードを作成した。文献に掲載された52庭園の実測図から，モミジの樹幹を中心とする2m四方の平面構成が1353サンプル得られた。平面構成の中には，モミジ以外の要素として，高木，低木，建物，灯篭，景石，飛石，橋，白砂，苔，芝，水，園路の12種のいずれかが含まれていた。要素の種類，数，配置の違いによって分類された平面構成490パターンのカードが生成された。カードを用いた設計シミュレーションが行われ，有効性と課題が確認された。
Adjuvant Therapy of Node-Negative Breast Cancer: Another Point of View (1988)

Journal Article Adjuvant Therapy of Node-Negative Breast Cancer: Another Point of View Get access WILLIAM L. MCGUIRE WILLIAM L. MCGUIRE Department of Medicine, The University of Texas, Health Science Center7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 13, 7 September 1988, Pages 1075–1076, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.13.1075 Published: 07 September 1988
The Brazilian Founder MutationTP53p.R337H is Uncommon in Portuguese Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer (2014)

Since the first studies reporting the TP53 p.R337H mutation as founder mutation in Southern and Southeastern Brazil, there has been controversy on its origin. Preliminary analysis of a small subset of Brazilian mutation carriers revealed that the haplotype incided on a Caucasian background. The vast majority of carriers identified today reside in Brazil or, if identified in other countries, are Brazilian immigrants. To our knowledge, the only two exceptions of carriers without a recognizable link with Brazil are two European families, from Portugal and Germany. Haplotype analysis in the Portuguese family revealed the same haplotype identified in Brazilian individuals, but in the German family, a distinct haplotype was found. Knowing that a significant proportion of women with breast cancer (BC) in Southern Brazil are p.R337H carriers, we analyzed p.R337H in a Portuguese cohort of women diagnosed with this disease. Median age at diagnosis among the first 573 patients tested was 60 years and 100 (17.4%) patients had been diagnosed at or under the age of 45 years. Mutation screening failed to identify the mutation in the 573 patients tested. These results are in contrast with the mutation frequency observed in a study including 815 BC-affected women from Brazil, in which carrier frequencies of 12.1 and 5.1% in pre- and postmenopausal women were observed, respectively. These findings suggest that the Brazilian founder mutation p.R337H, the most frequent germline TP53 mutation reported to date, is not a common germline alteration in Portuguese women diagnosed with BC.
Characterizing Delay and Control Traffic of the Cellular MME With IoT Support (2020)

One of the main use cases for advanced cellular networks is represented by massive Internet-of-things (MIoT), i.e., an enormous number of IoT devices that transmit data toward the cellular network infrastructure. To make cellular MIoT a reality, data transfer and control procedures specifically designed for the support of IoT are needed. For this reason, 3GPP has introduced the Control Plane Cellular IoT optimization, which foresees a simplified bearer instantiation, with the Mobility Management Entity (MME) handling both control and data traffic. The performance of the MME has therefore become critical, and properly scaling its computational capability can determine the ability of the whole network to tackle MIoT effectively. In particular, considering virtualized networks and the need for an efficient allocation of computing resources, it is paramount to characterize the MME performance as the MIoT traffic load changes. We address this need by presenting compact, closed-form expressions linking the number of IoT sources with the rate at which bearers are requested, and such a rate with the delay incurred by the IoT data. We show that our analysis, supported by testbed experiments and verified through large-scale simulations, represents a valuable tool to make effective scaling decisions in virtualized cellular core networks.
Concanavalin A induces an intraluminal alkalinization of thymocyte membrane vesicles (1980)

Weak acid distribution methods demonstrate that mitogenic levels of concanavalin A induce an intravesicular alkalinization of isolated thymocyte membrane vesicles. Experiments with chemical reagents that crosslink the high affinity concanavalin A receptor and extensive correlation with known cellular events suggest that a "membrane Bohr effect" may participate in the initiation of mitogenesis.
Experimental aerodynamic analysis of a plug nozzle for supersonic business jet application (2009)

The successful establishment of civil supersonic transport relies heavily on reducing sonic boom signatures to an extent that will enable overland flights. To this end, the Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation has developed a point-design plug nozzle concept with an extended shroud aimed at maintaining low boom characteristics during supersonic cruise. To investigate the aerodynamic and performance characteristics of this nozzle type, a subscale plug nozzle model has been designed, fabricated, and tested throughout the expected envelope of nozzle pressure ratios (NPRs) – roughly 1.4 (takeoff) to 6.2 (design). Tests were conducted at Purdue University's Zucrow Laboratories using a coannular, static, vitiated nozzle test rig capable of simulating typical turbofan exit conditions. Steady and dynamic surface pressures were measured, vibration data was captured, and high-speed schlieren and shadowgraph imaging were incorporated to obtain a more complete picture of the nozzle behavior. Steady-state pressure data were combined to show pressure distributions for given NPRs, while the power spectra were extracted from the dynamic measurements to show dominant fluctuation frequencies. The use of glass as a shroud material allowed shadowgraph visualization of the internal flow structure, which proved extremely valuable in enhancing the understanding of flow behavior at low NPR. Results verify good performance at the design condition but also show highly unsteady flow at low NPRs dominated by boundary layer and separation characteristics along the plug. Variable geometry will most likely be necessary in order to implement this design in a production system.
Recent advances in breast cancer biology (2000)

Approximately 1 in 10 US women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in her lifetime. With such a high incidence, breast cancer is a serious health concern for all American women. Within the past year, clues about the function of genes associated with breast cancer have been garnered, and novel genes that may contribute to breast tumorigenesis have been discovered. In addition, unique animal models and improvements in gene expression profiling technology have given researchers new tools to address previously unanswerable questions about this disease.
Far-infrared focal-plane development for SIRTF (1992)

We describe the development of sensitive extrinsic germanium focal plane arrays for the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF). The cryogenic telescope of SIRTF will be used for natural-background-limited astronomical observations, an application that requires arrays of far-infrared sensors of unprecedented sensitivity. For the 30 -55 tm wavelength range, we describe the development of monolithic Ge:Be arrays with associated readouts bump-bonded to a common substrate. For the 55 - 120 im wavelength range, we describe arrays based on a 1 x32 building block that can be stacked into fully-filled two-dimensional arrays. We show results from tests of a 3 x 32 demonstration array that operates at the SIRTF performance levels. This array demonstrates solutions to the problems of 1) maintaining the required detector operating temperature ( &lt; 2K ) ; 2) isolating the array from the heat and photon emission of the readout; 3) achieving long absorption paths in the detectors; and 4) maintaining constant detector bias and low noise from the readout amplifier. The array design permits stacking into the full 32x32 format required for SIRTF The array thermally isolates the readout from the detectors to take advantage of the improved electronics noise performance at the elevated temperature of 20 K. We also show designs for improved versions of the array that emphasize manufacturability and the ability to be space qualified
Enrichment of selenium in allium vegetables for cancer prevention (1994)

We previously reported that garlic cultivated with selenium fertilization is superior to regular garlic in mammary cancer prevention in the rat 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) model (Nutr. Cancer, 17, 279-286, 1992). A new crop of high-selenium garlic was harvested in 1992 and was used in a dose-response study to confirm the reproducibility of the product and the bioassay. Supplementation of 1 or 2 p.p.m. Se in the diet from the high-selenium garlic produced a 56% or 75% reduction respectively in the total tumor yield. Since both garlic and onion belong to the same allium family of vegetables, we were also interested in finding out whether our experience with garlic could be similarly applied to onion. A high-selenium onion crop was grown in the same season and location and with the same schedule of selenium fertilization. Two distinct differences were noted with the high-selenium onion regarding its capacity to accumulate selenium and its efficacy in cancer prevention. First, the selenium concentration in onion was considerably lower (28 p.p.m. Se dry wt) as compared to that found in garlic (110-150 p.p.m. Se). Second, given the same levels of selenium supplementation, the high-selenium onion was apparently not as powerful as the high-selenium garlic in mammary cancer inhibition. Thus different plants, even those of the same genus, may respond in their unique way to selenium fertilization and the biological benefits of selenium enrichment may vary depending on the species. Additional information from our study indicated that the high-selenium garlic/onion might provide an ideal system for delivering selenium-substituted analogs in a food form for cancer prevention: (i) they expressed a good range of anticancer activity and could be easily adapted for human consumption on a regular basis; (ii) their ingestion did not result in an excessive accumulation of tissue selenium, a concern that is associated with the standard selenium compounds such as selenite and selenomethionine; (iii) no perturbation in the maintenance of functional selenoenzymes were observed even at high levels of supplementation.
The Gulf Nuclear Energy Infrastructure Institute (GNEII). (2018)

Abstract not provided.
Proteolytic Shedding of ST6Gal-I by BACE1 Regulates the Glycosylation and Function of α4β1 Integrins (2008)

Differentiation of monocytes into macrophages is accompanied by increased cell adhesiveness, due in part to the activation of alpha4beta1 integrins. Here we report that the sustained alpha4beta1 activation associated with macrophage differentiation results from expression of beta1 integrin subunits that lack alpha2-6-linked sialic acids, a carbohydrate modification added by the ST6Gal-I sialyltransferase. During differentiation of U937 monocytic cells and primary human CD14(+) monocytes, ST6Gal-I is down-regulated, leading to beta1 hyposialylation and enhanced alpha4beta1-dependent VCAM-1 binding. Importantly, ST6Gal-I down-regulation results from cleavage by the BACE1 secretase, which we show is dramatically up-regulated during macrophage differentiation. BACE1 up-regulation, ST6Gal-I shedding, beta1 hyposialylation, and alpha4beta1-dependent VCAM-1 binding are all temporally correlated and share the same signaling mechanism (protein kinase C/Ras/ERK). Preventing ST6Gal-I down-regulation (and therefore integrin hyposialylation), through BACE1 inhibition or ST6Gal-I constitutive overexpression, eliminates VCAM-1 binding. Similarly, preventing integrin hyposialylation inhibits a differentiation-induced increase in the expression of an activation-dependent conformational epitope on the beta1 subunit. Collectively, these results describe a novel mechanism for alpha4beta1 regulation and further suggest an unanticipated role for BACE1 in macrophage function.
Enzymatic modification of plant proteins for improved functional and bioactive properties (2022)

Abstract Plant-based proteins have shown great potential as an alternative substitute for animal proteins to meet the increasing global demand. Nevertheless, several limitations mitigate plant-based protein application and utilization. As a panacea to meeting the market demand, it is imperative to modify plant-based proteins to produce improved quality and techno-functionalities compared to conventional animal protein ingredients. Enzymatic, chemical, and physical modifications have been used for plant-based proteins, which has shown exciting results in improving their techno-functional properties, digestibility, and inherent allergenicity. Among these modification methods, the low cost, limited time, high sensitivity, and high reproducibility give enzymatic modification leverage over chemical and physical methods. This review gave a concise summary of the advantages and disadvantages of enzymatic modifications. The efficacy of enzymatic modification in producing protein ingredients from plant sources with improved techno-functional properties, digestibility, and alleviated allergenicity was discussed. Furthermore, the application of enzymatic modification in the production of bioactive compounds with health-beneficial properties adds in no small measure to the novelty of this review.
An Embedded Enhanced-Boost Z-Source Inverter Topology with Fault-Tolerant Capabilities (2018)

This paper explores the fault tolerant capabilities of an Embedded Enhanced-Boost Z-Source Inverter (EEB-ZSI) for PV applications. Compared with the prior-art Embedded Source Inverters (E-ZSI) and Enhanced-Boost Z-Source Inverter (EB-ZSI), the proposed topology features that when one dc source (e.g., PV panel) is short-circuited (SC) or open-circuited (OC), the inverter can tolerate the faults and still operate with a compromised conversion ratio. However, the conversion ratio is still larger than the traditional E-ZSI. This topology can be further applied to the cascaded H-bridge inverter systems for multi-level applications with fault-handling capabilities. A detailed fault-tolerant analysis is conducted on the EEB-ZSI and simulations are provided to validate the analysis.
An efficient two-dimensional layout compaction algorithm (1989)

A new heuristic two-dimensional symbolic layout-compaction approach is developed. After conventional one-dimensional compaction steps, all the components on the critical paths that define the height or width of the given layout are found and rearranged to reduce the layout size. During this process, constraints in both x and y directions are considered and pitch-matching of ports for hierarchical compaction can be achieved to reduce the amount of the design data. This approach generated the smallest area for several examples we have tried when compared with other published results. The expected run time can be bounded by Ο(T1), where T1 is the run time of a typical one-dimensional compactor.
MPACT Fast Neutron Multiplicity System Prototype Development (2013)

This document serves as both an FY2103 End-of-Year and End-of-Project report on efforts that resulted in the design of a prototype fast neutron multiplicity counter leveraged upon the findings of previous project efforts. The prototype design includes 32 liquid scintillator detectors with cubic volumes 7.62 cm in dimension configured into 4 stacked rings of 8 detectors. Detector signal collection for the system is handled with a pair of Struck Innovative Systeme 16-channel digitizers controlled by in-house developed software with built-in multiplicity analysis algorithms. Initial testing and familiarization of the currently obtained prototype components is underway, however full prototype construction is required for further optimization. Monte Carlo models of the prototype system were performed to estimate die-away and efficiency values. Analysis of these models resulted in the development of a software package capable of determining the effects of nearest-neighbor rejection methods for elimination of detector cross talk. A parameter study was performed using previously developed analytical methods for the estimation of assay mass variance for use as a figure-of-merit for system performance. A software package was developed to automate these calculations and ensure accuracy. The results of the parameter study show that the prototype fast neutron multiplicity counter design is very nearly optimized under the restraints of the parameter space.
Repair of DNA in human cells after treatment with activated aflatoxin B1. (1977)

Repair replication was examined in cultured human cells exposed to the hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 using the combined bromodeoxyuridine density label and radioisotopic label method. Semiconservative DNA synthesis was strongly inhibited, and the repair replication mode was stimulated in diploid fibroblasts (W138) and in their SV40 transformants (VA13) only when exposure to aflatoxin B1 was in the presence of an activating system containing rat liver microsomal enzymes. The maximum amount of repair synthesis was about 20% of that obtained after saturating doses of ultraviolet light (UV). The time course of repair synthesis was similar to that seen after UV, and most of the synthesis was in 30- to 50-nucleotide "short patches." A line of SV40-transformed xeroderma pigmentosum cells (Group A) deficient in repair after exposure to UV was similarly deficient in repair replication after aflatoxin treatment. Treatment with aflatoxin resulted in a 25 to 45% inhibition of UV-induced repair replication, suggesting that in addition to producing lesions in DNA, which are substrates for the excision repair system, the toxin also inhibits excision repair. CsC1 gradients of DNA treated in vitro with activated aflatoxin demonstrated binding of the drug to DNA. Alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation gave no indication that single-strand breaks or alkali labile bonds were introduced into DNA by treatment of cells with activated aflatoxin.
Approaches to the Total Synthesis of Calycotomine, a Widespread 1‐Hydroxymethyl‐Substituted Simple Tetrahydroisoquinoline (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.