gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Unique Test Facility to Measure Liner Performance with a Summary of Initial Test Results (1997)

A very ambitious study was initiated to obtain detailed acoustic and flow data with and without a liner in a duct containing a mean flow so that available theoretical models of duct liners can be validated. A unique flow-duct facility equipped with a sound source, liner box, flush-walled microphones, traversable microphones and traversable pressure and temperature probes was built. A unique set of instrumentation boxes equipped with computer controlled traverses were designed and built that allowed measurements of Mach number, temperature, SPLs and phases in two planes upstream of a liner section and two planes downstream at a large number of measurement points. Each pair of planes provided acoustic pressure gradients for use in estimating the particle velocities. Specially-built microphone probes were employed to make measurements in the presence of the flow. A microphone traverse was also designed to measure the distribution of SPLs and phases from the beginning of the liner to its end along the duct axis. All measurements were made with the help of cross-correlation techniques to reject flow noise and/or other obtrusive noise, if any. The facility was designed for future use at temperatures as high as 1500 F. In order to validate 2-D models in the presence of mean flow, the flow duct was equipped with a device to modify boundary layer flow on the smaller sides of a rectangular duct to simulate 2-D flow. A massive amount of data was acquired for use in validating duct liner models and will be provided to NASA in an electronic form. It was found that the sound in the plane-wave regime is well behaved within the duct and the results are repeatable from one run to another. At the higher frequencies corresponding to the higher-order modes, the SPLs within a duct are not repeatable from run to run. In fact, when two or more modes have the same frequency (i.e., for the degenerate modes), the SPLs in the duct varied between 2 dB to 12 dB from run to run. This made the calibration of the microphone probes extremely difficult at the higher frequencies.
How does late nephrological co-management impact chronic kidney disease? - An observational study (2010)

Late referral was associated with a substantially lower survival after correction for lead-time and immortal time bias and with inferior control of most risk factors for CKD progression, complications and cardiovascular risk factors. CKD patients may particularly profit from adequate control of blood pressure, anaemia, nutritional and volume status, and avoidance of emergency initial dialysis as these factors may predominately contribute to survival.
Deadtime compensation for nonlinear processes (1989)

Abstract Many industrially important processes feature both nonlinear system dynamics and a process deadtime. Powerful deadtime compensation methods, such as the Smith predictor structure in state space for linear systems is presented first and then directly extended to nonlinear systems. When combined with input/output linearizing state feedback, this Smith‐like predictor makes a nonlinear system with deadtime behave like a linear system with deadtime. The control structure is completed by adding an external linear controller, which provides integral action and compensates for the deadtime in the input/output linear system, and an open‐loop state observer. Conditions for robust stability with respect to errors in the deadtime and more general linear unstructured multiplicative uncertainties are given. Computer simulations for an example system demonstrate the high controller performance that can be obtained using the proposed method.
The actions of relaxin on the human cardiovascular system (2016)

This article is part of a themed section on Recent Progress in the Understanding of Relaxin Family Peptides and their Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.10/issuetoc.
Prediction of Survival following First-Line Chemotherapy in Men with Castration-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2009)

An internally validated model to predict postchemotherapy survival was developed. Evaluation of men in the postdocetaxel setting should consider the type of progression, duration of therapy, and known pretreatment prognostic factors. Definitions of progression in castration-resistant prostate cancer that include pain should also consider composite measures of tumor or PSA progression. External validation is planned.
Prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP2): a novel target to attenuate excessive bone loss during autoimmune arthritis (2017)

Abstract Prostaglandin-E2 receptors (sub type EP2) are known to be activated during various autoimmune inflammatory disorders including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may play an essential role in exacerbating the bone damage during RA. Recently, we have reported that EP2 antagonists inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine responses at the transcriptional level using murine monocytic cell line and observed that EP2 antagonists attenuate the upregulation of several inflammatory mediators in vitro. It has been shown that EP2 gene deletion in mouse cultures impairs osteoclast formation. Herein we investigated the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of recently discovered EP2 antagonists using an in vitro osteoclastogenesis model using mouse monocytic cell line (RAW264.7 cells). We observed significantly increased size and number of osteoclasts by both PGE2 and butaprost (selective EP2 agonist) compared to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) alone treated cells. We did not observe significant difference in number of osteoclasts between PGE2 and butaprost. In addition, 10μM concentration of various EP2 specific antagonists (TG8-4, TG4-155 and TG6-129) inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. Western blot analysis revealed that EP2 antagonists decreased the expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), which are the master regulators of osteoclastogenesis. These data indicates the direct effect of EP2 antagonists on bone cells in preventing the severe bone damage implying EP2 receptors play a major role during osteoclast formation, thus EP receptors should be explored as a therapeutic target to blunt the excessive bone loss during arthritis.
Java, the Web, and software development (1996)

The author discusses how the World Wide Web and Java mark the death of fatware and the birth of dynamic computing built on rented components. The real paradigm shift will be the replacement of purchased software packages with transaction-oriented rental of Java applets attached to Web pages. In the move to a full-scale Internet based application development environment, developers are grappling with seven key issues: how to integrate e-mail, FTP, and HTML; the absolute need for security; the dearth of high-end visual tools; configuration management and version control; support for a flexible, sophisticated user interface; a common development environment; and performance, which has several components. Each of these issues are discussed by the author.
Excitations in Incommensurate Biphenyl: Proton Spin-Lattice Relaxation (1985)

In the upper incommensurate phase of biphenyl, spin relaxation is relatively rapid, because of low-frequency excitations (phasons). The relaxation follows ${T}_{1}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\ensuremath{\sim}{T}^{\frac{4}{3}}{\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3}}$; this is the first report of a Larmor-frequency dependence of ${T}_{1}$ in an incommensurately distorted solid. The frequency dependence suggests that the phasons are gapless. In the low-temperature incommensurate phase, peaks in ${T}_{1}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ are evident at low frequencies. The motion responsible is thermally activated and may kinetically inhibit commensuration.
30–40-GHz Drain-Pumped Passive-Mixer MMIC Fabricated on VLSI SOI CMOS Technology (2004)

In this paper, a passive down mixer is proposed, which is well suited for short-channel field-effect transistor technologies. The authors believe that this is the first drain-pumped transconductance mixer that requires no dc supply power. The monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) is fabricated using digital 90-nm silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology. All impedance matching, bias, and filter elements are implemented on the chip, which has a compact size of 0.5 mm/spl times/0.47 mm. The circuit covers a radio frequency range from 30 to 40 GHz. At a RF frequency of 35 GHz, an intermediate frequency of 2.5 GHz and a local-oscillator (LO) power of 7.5 dBm, a conversion loss of 4.6 dB, a single-sideband (SSB) noise figure (NF) of 7.9 dB, an 1-dB input compression point of -6 dBm, and a third-order intercept point at the input of 2 dBm were measured. At lower LO power of 0 dBm, a conversion loss of 6.3 dBm and an SSB NF of 9.7 dB were measured, making the mixer an excellent candidate for low power-consuming wireless local-area networks. All results include the pad parasitics. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first CMOS mixer operating at millimeter-wave frequencies. The achieved conversion loss is even lower than for passive MMIC mixers using leading edge III/V technologies, showing the excellent suitability of digital CMOS technology for analog circuits at millimeter-wave frequencies.
Elevation of substance P-like peptides in the CSF of psychiatric patients. (1984)

Using a radioimmunoassay procedure substance P-like activity was measured in samples of human CSF obtained from 12 patients with major depressive disorder, 12 with schizophrenia, and 15 control cases diagnosed as psychiatrically normal. Levels were significantly higher in CSF of patients with depressive disorder as compared with schizophrenic patients or controls. Chemical characterization revealed that the measured activity was less basic than substance P itself and might be due to C-terminal fragments. A component reacting with an antiserum highly specific for the substance P[1-7]fragment was found in CSF of patients with depressive disorder. The results indicate that substance P-related peptides may be biological markers in psychoses, particularly in major depressive disorder.
Stand-still self identification of flux characteristics for SynRM using novel saturation approximating function and multiple linear regression (2015)

Accuracy of motor characterization has a fundamental role in dynamics, torque accuracy and efficiency of vector controlled Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) drives. Control performances and robustness in the whole speed/torque range, including the flux-weakening region, and in sensorless operation strongly rely on the knowledge of machine flux vs. current characteristics. A convenient flux saturation approximating function is proposed in this paper, together with an efficient parameters self-identification procedure. The adopted strategy is very simple and can be performed at standstill by injecting a proper voltage stimulus (current control is not involved), and does not require any additional hardware (motor can be either connected or disconnected from mechanical load). Nevertheless an excellent fitting for the flux curves on both axes is obtained, using reasonable memory and computational resources. These features make the technique very suitable to motor identification in industrial drives. Experimental results based on a commercial drive and two SynRM machines are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal. Extensions of the method to the evaluation of the whole flux map (including cross-saturation effects) or to interior permanent magnet machines is also investigated and verified.
Virtual Machine Consolidation with Multiple Usage Prediction for Energy-Efficient Cloud Data Centers (2017)

Virtual machine consolidation aims at reducing the number of active physical servers in a data center so as to decrease the total power consumption. In this context, most of the existing solutions rely on aggressive virtual machine migration, thus resulting in unnecessary overhead and energy wastage. Besides, virtual machine consolidation should take into account multiple resource types at the same time, since CPU is not the only critical resource in cloud data centers. In fact, also memory and network bandwidth can become a bottleneck, possibly causing violations in the service level agreement. This article presents a virtual machine consolidation algorithm with multiple usage prediction (VMCUP-M) to improve the energy efficiency of cloud data centers. In this context, multiple usage refers to both resource types and the horizon employed to predict future utilization. Our algorithm is executed during the virtual machine consolidation process to estimate the long-term utilization of multiple resource types based on the local history of the considered servers. The joint use of current and predicted resource utilization allows for a reliable characterization of overloaded and underloaded servers, thereby reducing both the load and the power consumption after consolidation. We evaluate our solution through simulations on both synthetic and real-world workloads. The obtained results show that consolidation with multiple usage prediction reduces the number of migrations and the power consumption of the servers while complying with the service level agreement.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a 10‐Membered Carbocycle by Olefin Metathesis. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Getting Started (2010)

Before the power of Away3D can be harnessed in a Flash project, the developer environment needs to be set up correctly. The exact setup procedure may vary based on your own workflows, but two steps are always present: obtaining the source code, then setting up your integrated development environment (IDE) for use with Away3D.KeywordsHard DriveSource FileIntegrate Development EnvironmentClass PathAdobe FlashThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Multichannel chromatic interferometry: metrology applications (1991)

The modulation of the spectrum of a light beam is consider as a metrological tool. In particular, double spectral modulation of a Super Luminiscent Laser Diode (SLD) is used to analyze surface's profiles. Intensity and frequency modulation allows absolute measurements of the surface without any auxiliary phase shifting. Depth and lateral resolution is determined by the spectral resolution of the involved spectroscopic devices.
Different Originating Cells Underlie Intertumoral Heterogeneity in Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors (2018)

<b> Studies in genetically engineered mouse models of neuroendocrine lung cancer suggest that differences in cells of origin underlie subtype variations in this class of cancers. These findings highlight the concept that the same driver mutations introduced into different cells of origin lead to tumors with the same histology but dramatically different metastatic programs and potentially different therapeutic responses. <i>Cancer Discov; 8(10); 1216-8. ©2018 AACR</i> <i>See related article by Yang et al., p. 1316</i>.</b>
A Perioperative Course of Gabapentin Does Not Produce a Clinically Meaningful Improvement in Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery (2016)

Surv Anesthesiol 2016;60(2):66–67 The authors of this study sought to determine whether a perioperative course of gabapentin, versus a single dose, when added to a multinodal analgesia regimen, would improve analgesia after cesarean delivery (CD). A randomized group of women scheduled for elective CD under spinal anesthesia were given a perioperative course of either gabapentin or a placebo.
A Generalized Multinomial Probabilistic Model for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Prediction and Public Health Intervention Assessment in an Indoor Environment (2022)

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has become the predominant variant globally. Current infection models are limited by the need for large datasets or calibration to specific contexts, making them difficult to cater for different settings. To ensure public health decision-makers can easily consider different public health interventions (PHIs) over a wide range of scenarios, we propose a generalized multinomial probabilistic model of airborne infection to systematically capture group characteristics, epidemiology, viral loads, social activities, environmental conditions, and PHIs, with assumptions made on social distancing and contact duration, and estimate infectivity over short time-span group gatherings. This study is related to our 2021 work published in Nature Scientific Reports that modelled airborne SARS-CoV-2 infection (Han, Lam, Li, et al., 2021). 1 It is differentiated from former works on probabilistic infection modelling in terms of the following: (1) predicting new cases arising from more than one infectious in a gathering, (2) incorporating additional key infection factors, and (3) evaluating the effectiveness of multiple PHIs on SARS-CoV-2 infection simultaneously. Although our results reveal that limiting group size has an impact on infection, improving ventilation has a much greater positive health impact. Our model is versatile and can flexibly accommodate other scenarios by allowing new factors to be added, to support public health decision-making.
Imbalance Between Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist in Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Non ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (2020)

The present study explores the levels of IL-1β and IL-1ra in the serum and in EAT of CCS and ACS patients. ACS seems to be associated to a loss of the counter-regulatory activity of IL-1ra against the pro-inflammatory effects related to IL-1β activation.
Coupling of the engineered DNA “mutator” to a biosensor as a new paradigm for activation of silent biosynthetic gene clusters in Streptomyces (2021)

DNA replication fidelity in Streptomyces bacteria, prolific producers of many medically important secondary metabolites, is understudied, while in Escherichia coli it is controlled by DnaQ, the ϵ subunit of DNA polymerase III (DNA PolIII). Manipulation of dnaQ paralogues in Streptomyces lividans TK24, did not lead to increased spontaneous mutagenesis in this bacterium suggesting that S. lividans DNA PolIII uses an alternative exonuclease activity for proofreading. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, such activity is attributed to the DnaE protein representing α subunit of DNA PolIII. Eight DnaE mutants designed based on the literature data were overexpressed in S. lividans, and recombinant strains overexpressing two of these mutants displayed markedly increased frequency of spontaneous mutagenesis (up to 1000-fold higher compared to the control). One of these 'mutators' was combined in S. lividans with a biosensor specific for antibiotic coelimycin, which biosynthetic gene cluster is present but not expressed in this strain. Colonies giving a positive biosensor signal appeared at a frequency of ca 10-5, and all of them were found to produce coelimycin congeners. This result confirmed that our approach can be applied for chemical- and radiation-free mutagenesis in Streptomyces leading to activation of orphan biosynthetic gene clusters and discovery of novel bioactive secondary metabolites.
Prehospital burn care for emergency medical technicians. (1978)

The development, objectives, content, and evaluation of a unique, 60-minute synchronized slide/tape program on prehospital burn care for Emergency Medical Technicians is described. A design for valid content-referenced formative evaluation is presented.
Calcium-Sensing Receptor Genotype and Response to Cinacalcet in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis (2017)

Background and objectives We tested the hypothesis that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) alter the response to the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We analyzed DNA samples in the Evaluation of Cinacalcet HCl Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events (EVOLVE) trial, a randomized trial comparing cinacalcet to placebo on a background of usual care. Of the 3883 patients randomized, 1919 (49%) consented to DNA collection, and samples from 1852 participants were genotyped for 18 CASR polymorphisms. The European ancestry (EA; n=1067) and African ancestry (AfAn; n=405) groups were assessed separately. SNPs in CASR were tested for their association with biochemical measures of mineral metabolism at baseline, percent change from baseline to 20 weeks, and risk of clinical fracture as dependent variables. Results There were modest associations of CASR SNPs with increased baseline serum parathyroid hormone and bone alkaline phosphatase primarily with the minor allele in the EA group (all P≤0.03), but not in the AfAn sample. In contrast, there was a modest association of decreased baseline serum calcium and FGF23 with CASR SNPs (P=0.04) primarily with the minor allele in the AfAn but not in the EA sample. The minor allele of two SNPs was associated with decreased percent reduction in parathyroid hormone from baseline to 20 weeks in the EA population (P Conclusions These modest associations, if validated, may provide explanations for differences in CKD–mineral bone disorder observed in EA and AfAn populations, and for differential biochemical responses to calcimimetics.
The Effect of Malnutrition on Transplantation Immunity and Lymphoid Organs in the Edible FrogRana esculenta (1994)

Abstract Newly metamorphosed froglets of the edible frog Rana esculenta, i.e., interspecific hybrids of R. ridibunda and R. lessonae, were collected in the field. In the laboratory some of them were fed ad libitum while others were malnourished. After three weeks, each froglet received four skin grafts from four adult donors: R. esculenta, R. ridibunda, R. temporaria and Bombina variegata. Malnutrition impaired transplantation immunity to xenogeneic grafts but not to allogeneic and semixenogeneic ones. Seven weeks of nutritional deficiency caused involution of lymphoid organs, mainly thymuses, but also subcutaneous lymphoid bodies and spleens, as well as significant depletion of peritonealleukocytes.
The Future of Glycerol-New Usages for a Versatile Raw Material (2009)

American Journal of Therapeutics: September 2009 - Volume 16 - Issue 5 - p 466 doi: 10.1097/MJT.0b013e31818b21e7
Reinforcement learning neural network circuits for electronic nose (2003)

This paper approaches electronic nose design from two promising angles: reinforcement neural network (RNN) learning algorithms, and naturally compatible analog circuits. This approach is inspired by biological sensing and discrimination of a multitude of odors in a background environment. A VLSI system approach is presented for classification of chemical compounds, with knowledge of key features only. Based on utilizing microsensor arrays, reinforcement neural networks are used to affect nonparametric pattern recognition, classification, and distinction among multicomponent chemicals. A specialized RNN approach is chosen. Realization and implementation of analog RNN circuits is presented using 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS n-well technology, at AMI, through the MOSIS facilities. Preliminary results are satisfactory and lend evidence to the effectiveness of the analog designed neural network building blocks for temporal and spatial NN pattern recognition.