gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QSAM-Net: Rain Streak Removal by Quaternion Neural Network With Self-Attention Module (2023)

Real-world images captured in remote sensing, image or video retrieval, and outdoor surveillance are often degraded due to poor weather conditions, such as rain and mist. These conditions introduce artifacts that make visual analysis challenging and limit the performance of high-level computer vision methods. In time-critical applications, it is vital to develop algorithms that automatically remove rain without compromising the quality of the image contents. This article proposes a novel approach called QSAM-Net, a quaternion multi-stage multiscale neural network with a self-attention module. The algorithm requires significantly fewer parameters by a factor of 3.98 than the real-valued counterpart and state-of-the-art methods while improving the visual quality of the images. The extensive evaluation and benchmarking on synthetic and real-world rainy images demonstrate the effectiveness of QSAM-Net. This feature makes the network suitable for edge devices and applications requiring near real-time performance. Furthermore, the experiments show that the improved visual quality of images also leads to better object detection accuracy and training speed.
Correlation between channel hot-electron degradation and radiation-induced interface trapping in N-channel LDD devices (1991)

It is shown that the correlation model developed in previous work to determine hot-carrier device lifetime from radiation-induced interface state data can be extended to lightly-doped drain (LDD) devices by selecting different, but equivalent, failure criteria. Excellent agreement between the model and experimental data is shown for LDD devices from several different manufacturers. These results indicate that a radiation test can be used as a quick alternative to a voltage stress test for predicting hot-carrier-induced device lifetime. Charge pumping measurement results are presented that demonstrate the basis for such a correlation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
PLSO: A generative framework for decomposing nonstationary time-series into piecewise stationary oscillatory components (2021)

To capture the slowly time-varying spectral content of real-world time-series, a common paradigm is to partition the data into approximately stationary intervals and perform inference in the time-frequency domain. However, this approach lacks a corresponding nonstationary time-domain generative model for the entire data and thus, time-domain inference occurs in each interval separately. This results in distortion/discontinuity around interval boundaries and can consequently lead to erroneous inferences based on any quantities derived from the posterior, such as the phase. To address these shortcomings, we propose the Piecewise Locally Stationary Oscillation (PLSO) model for decomposing time-series data with slowly time-varying spectra into several oscillatory, piecewise-stationary processes. PLSO, as a nonstationary time-domain generative model, enables inference on the entire time-series without boundary effects and simultaneously provides a characterization of its time-varying spectral properties. We also propose a novel two-stage inference algorithm that combines Kalman theory and an accelerated proximal gradient algorithm. We demonstrate these points through experiments on simulated data and real neural data from the rat and the human brain.
Substituted Group VI metal carbonyl complexes with the ligands trimethylphosphine, dimethylphenylphosphine, dimethylphenylarsine, and dimethyl phenylphosphonite (1969)

Series of substituted metal carbonyls of the types [M(CO)6–xLx][M = Cr, Mo, or W; x= 1, 2, or 3; L = PMe3, PMe2Ph, P(OMe)2Ph, or AsMe2Ph] are described. I.r. and n.m.r. spectral data and dipole moment results are given and discussed. The methyl resonance patterns of the tertiary phosphine or phosphonite complexes are not particularly useful in determining stereochemistry since they are of the type corresponding to intermediate phosphorus–phosphorus coupling.
CMUNITED-98 Simulator Team (2000)

The CMUNITED-98 simulator team became the 1998 RoboCup simulator league champion by winning all 8 of its games, outscoring opponents by a total of 66-0. CMUNITED-98 builds on the successful cmunited-97 implementation but also improves on it in many ways. This article gives an overview of the cmunited-98 agent skill and multiagent coordination strategies, emphasizing the recent improvements.
356 Feeding microbially-enhanced soy protein in starter pellets to dairy calves (2016)

Our objective was to determine effects of feeding calves starter pellets with microbially-enhanced (fungi-treated) soy protein (MSP) compared to soybean meal (SBM) with different milk replacers (MR). Thirty-six Holstein calves (2 d old; 24 females, 12 males) in individual hutches were used in a 12-wk randomized complete block design study. Treatments were: 1) MSP pellets with accelerated growth MR (28% CP, 18% fat; MSPA), 2) SBM pellets with accelerated growth MR (SBMA), and 3) MSP pellets with traditional MR (20% CP, 20% fat; MSPT). Pellets were similar except for 23% MSP or 23% SBM (DM basis). Week 1 0.37 kg and wk 2 to 5 0.45 kg of MR was fed 2×/d, and 1×/d 0.45 kg was fed during wk 6. Pellets and water were fed ad libitum. Intakes were recorded daily. Body weights (BW) and jugular blood samples were collected 2 d every 2 wk at 3 h after the morning feeding. Fecal grab samples were collected 5×/d for 3 d during wk 12 for analysis of total tract digestibility (TTD) of nutrients. Results were analyzed using MIXED procedures with repeated measures and Tukey's test in SAS 9.4. Significant differences were declared at P < 0.05. Total and pellet DMI were greatest for SBMA and least for MSPT. Body weights were greatest for MSPA. Less ADG was found for MSPT versus MSPA. Gain: feed was least for SBMA. Serum glucose was similar among treatments. Plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) was greatest for MSPA and least for MSPT. Beta hydroxyl butyric acid (BHBA) and IGF-1 were greatest for SBMA. Plasma triglycerides were greatest for MSPT. Treatments had similar DM TTD, but MSPT had greater CP TTD versus SBMA. Results demonstrated calves fed MSP had improved gain: feed and improved or maintained growth performance depending on MR. abcMeans with unlike superscripts differ by P < 0.05. abcMeans with unlike superscripts differ by P < 0.05.
Hysterectomy in the rural tropics. (1992)

A retrospective study of hysterectomy at a rural hospital in Ghana revealed a high incidence of emergency cases. Uterine fibroids were the commonest indication for elective hysterectomy, followed by surgery for suspected cervical carcinoma. Most emergency hysterectomies were performed because of uterine rupture. The difficulties of managing these problems against the background of the diagnostic and therapeutic facilities available are discussed.
Advanced materials and device technology for photonic electric field sensors (2012)

Photonic methods for electric field sensing have been demonstrated across the electromagnetic spectrum from near-DC to millimeter waves, and at field strengths from microvolts-per-meter to megavolts-per-meter. The advantages of the photonic approach include a high degree of electrical isolation, wide bandwidth, minimum perturbation of the incident field, and the ability to operate in harsh environments. Aerospace applications of this technology span a wide range of frequencies and field strengths. They include, at the high-frequency/high-field end, measurement of high-power electromagnetic pulses, and at the low-frequency/low-field end, in-flight monitoring of electrophysiological signals. The demands of these applications continue to spur the development of novel materials and device structures to achieve increased sensitivity, wider bandwidth, and greater high-field measurement capability. This paper will discuss several new directions in photonic electric field sensing technology for defense applications. The first is the use of crystal ion slicing to prepare high-quality, single-crystal electro-optic thin films on low-dielectricconstant, RF-friendly substrates. The second is the use of two-dimensional photonic crystal structures to enhance the electro-optic response through slow-light propagation effects. The third is the use of ferroelectric relaxor materials with extremely high electro-optic coefficients.
Restoration of binding of oxidized transcription factor IIIA to 5S RNA by thioredoxin (1988)

7S particles from Xenopus oocytes were completely dissociated under non-reducing conditions. Studies using glycerol gradient centrifugation show that unlike the native 7S particle in which 5S RNA and TFIIIA co-sedimented in a fairly sharp peak, the RNA from the denatured 7S sedimented at the position corresponding to the 5S RNA and the TFIIIA sedimented as a wide peak between 6S and 12S. Thioredoxin from E. coli can catalyze the reactivation of the TFIIIA as measured by its ability to reform the 7S particle. The rate of reactivation with thioredoxin was significantly greater than with dithiothreitol. Oxidized thioredoxin was unable to reactivate TFIIIA. Pure TFIIIA can be inactivated and subsequently reactivated in the same way by formation of a cross-linked structure via intermolecular disulfide bridges.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Tasisulam Sodium, an Antitumor Agent That Inhibits Mitotic Progression and Induces Vascular Normalization (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 56K&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrrolo(2,3‐d)pyrimidines that are Structurally Related to Methylated Guanosines from tRNA and the Nucleoside Q Analogues, PreQ0 and PreQ1. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hydrophobic Chemistry in Aqueous Solution: Stabilization and Stereoselective Encapsulation of Phosphonium Guests in a Supramolecular Host (2004)

Abstract Encapsulation of guest molecules inside supramolecular host assemblies provides a way to stabilize reactive species in aqueous solution. The stabilization of reactive phosphonium/ketone adducts of the general formula [R 1 MeC(OH)PR 3 ] + by encapsulation as guest molecules within a [Ga 4 L 6 ] 12− tetrahedral metal−ligand assembly is reported; although these cations decompose in aqueous solution, encapsulation inside the hydrophobic cavity of the assembly lengthens their lifetimes considerably, in some cases up to weeks. By varying the phosphane (PMe 3 , PEt 3 , PPhMe 2 , and PPh 2 Me) and ketone (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,1,1‐trifluoroacetone, and fluoroacetone) which form these adducts, as well as the pD of the solutions, it was determined that the pH of the solution as well as the size and shape of the guest cations play an important role in the stability of these host−guest complexes. Encapsulation of chiral guests in the chiral [Ga 4 L 6 ] 12− assembly results in the formation of diastereomers, as characterized by 1 H, 19 F, and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. Although the [Ga 4 L 6 ] 12− assembly is formed from non‐chiral ligands, the assembly itself has ΔΔΔΔ or ΛΛΛΛ chirality around the metal centers. Due to the chirality of this assembly, diastereomeric selectivity is observed upon initial guest encapsulation (typical diastereomeric excesses are 30−50%). This initial diastereomeric selectivity decreases over time to reach an equilibrium but does not become 1:1, indicating both kinetic and thermodynamic processes promote selective guest encapsulation. These experiments demonstrate further the applications of nanoscale reaction vessels, self‐assembled by design from non‐chiral ligands, in providing a chiral and hydrophobic environment for guest molecules in aqueous solution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Development of the Reliability Design System in Top-Down Oriented Design System (2002)

By describing product function and mechanism of failure into Top-Down Oriented Information Model, the authors developed the reliability design management system to analyze reliability of current design, and reflect the action to carry out high reliability into each design stage. In this paper, authors propose the product model that can describe product functions and failure mechanisms on each design stage, and the way to decompose product function and failure mechanism. In this system, product model, the failure model and functional model are represented into same network. By applying the reliability engineering methodologies in this information model, this system can provide the activity of design that can reduce failures or mitigate their effect from conceptual design stage.
Defective HLA class II expression in monocytes of type 1 diabetic patients (1993)

Activation of T-helper cells is modulated by the intensity of HLA class II expression on antigen-presenting cells. We evaluated whether any abnormalities could be found in the expression of HLA-DR and -DQ molecules on monocytes in type 1 diabetic subjects. DR and DQ molecules were induced by human recombinant interferon-gamma on cultured peripheral blood monocytes obtained from children with type 1 diabetes (N = 28), their siblings (N = 18) and unrelated healthy controls (N = 21). The response in DQ induction varied considerably between different individuals, but the average responsiveness was significantly lower in patients compared to siblings and unrelated controls. In addition to the diabetic subjects deficient DQ induction was also observed in three siblings. One of them had high levels of islet cell antibodies and presented with diabetes 6 months later, and another had active rheumatoid arthritis. The response in DR induction was also slightly lower in patients than in siblings, but did not differ from that in unrelated controls. The results suggest abnormalities in the regulation of HLA class II expression in type 1 diabetic subjects possibly reflecting the ongoing autoimmune process.
On the Correlation of the Activity Coefficients in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Using the K-MSA Model (2003)

The objective of this work is to extend the Kelvin mean spherical approximation (K-MSA) model to correlate the mean and individual ionic activity coefficients for symmetric and asymmetric electrolyte solutions at different concentrations and at different temperatures. Revised values of the parameters for the mean and individual ionic activity coefficients of 1:1 electrolytes and new values of the parameters for the mean ionic activity coefficients of asymmetric electrolytes are presented. The effect of the short-range electrostatic term (Pn) at different size ratios of the ions is examined. Assuming a constant anion diameter and a composition-dependent diameter for the cation, the K-MSA model gives realistic cation-hydrated diameters, in comparison with their crystallographic Pauling diameters. Notably, for both symmetric and asymmetric electrolytes, the like and unlike ionic radial distribution function at contact value are positive over all of the concentration and temperature ranges studied. The results obtained from the K-MSA model compare favorably with those obtained from the Boublik−Mansoori−Carnahan−Starling−Leland mean spherical approximation and Pitzer models for the mean ionic activity coefficients and with those obtained with the Khoshkbarchi−Vera model for the individual ionic activity coefficients.
Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) Compared with Color Doppler Ultrasound for the Assessment of Hepatic Artery in Pediatric Liver Transplants: A Feasibility Study (2022)

(1) Background: Despite progression in surgical techniques and immunological treatments, hepatic artery (HA) thrombosis and stenosis still develop as an early or late liver transplant (LT) complication. We aimed to compare superb microvascular imaging (SMI) with conventional Doppler imaging (CDI) in the assessment of HA in a cohort of pediatric patients undergoing follow-up ultrasound (US) for LT. (2) Methods: This prospective, observational study included 73 pediatric LT recipients (median age, 7 years; IQR, 5.8 years; 35 females) who underwent US during LT follow-up from March to December 2019. For each examination, CDI and SMI were separately assessed in terms of HA visibility and spectral waveform morphology (SWM). The former was scored based on HA discrimination from the blooming signal of the surrounding vessels, as follows: 0, not visible; 1, majority course hardly distinguishable; and 2, majority course clearly distinguishable. The latter was scored on a two-point scale: 0, combined venous and arterial SWM, and 1, pure arterial SWM. The patient's overall score was finally calculated by adding the two individual scores. (3) Results: Both the absolute scores and frequency of overall scores equal to 3 (maximum global score) were higher using SMI compared with CDI. The median overall score was 3 for SMI and 2 for CDI (<i>p</i> = 0.011; IQR = 1). An overall score equal to 3 was obtained in 74% and 49.3% of the study population using SMI and CDI, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.002). This was attributable to a better score in HA visibility (<i>p</i> = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: SMI has shown promise for assessing HA in pediatric LT recipients, possibly serving as a complementary non-invasive tool of CDI in everyday practice.
Al-Ga interdiffusion in heavily carbon-doped AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum well heterostructures (1990)

Impurity-induced layer disordering experiments on AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum well heterostructures (QWHs) that are doped heavily with carbon are described. The data show that carbon doping retards Al-Ga interdiffusion relative to an undoped crystal, and that interdiffusion in C-doped QWHs is not enhanced by a Ga-rich (versus As-rich) annealing ambient. The data are inconsistent with most Fermi-level-effect models for layer disordering that do not include chemical impurity dependence or sublattice dependence, and that do not consider the possibility of inhibited Al-Ga interdiffusion in extrinsic crystals.
Recognition of para-linguistic information and its application to spoken dialogue system (2004)

The human-human interactions in a spoken dialogue seem to use not only linguistic information in the utterances but also some sorts of additional information supporting linguistic information. We call these sorts of additional information "para-linguistic information". In this paper, we present a recognition method of attitudes by prosodic information, and a recognition method of head gestures. In the former method, in order to recognize two attitudes, such as "positive" and "negative", F0 pattern and phoneme alignment are introduced as features. In the latter method, in order to recognize three gestures, such as "nod", "tilt" and "shake", a left-to-right HMM is introduced as the probabilistic model as well as optical flow is introduced as features. Experiment results show that these methods are sufficient to recognize the user attitude as para-linguistic information. Finally, we show a prototype spoken dialogue system using para-linguistic information and how these sorts of information contribute to efficient conversation.
Study of elastic-plastic damage model of cement consolidated soil with high organic content (2009)

根据有弹性塑料的损坏，水泥的模型巩固了土壤，作者拿了器官的内容进合理损坏变量进化方程以便在方程寻求在器官的内容和参数之间的关系，并且证实水泥的有弹性塑料的损坏模型巩固了就器官的内容而言的土壤。结果证明参数随着器官的内容的差别相应地变化。器官的内容越高，样品的更大的紧张损坏阀值值(d) 是越少，但是越多象有弹性的模量(E) 那样的参数的阀门，材料参数(K， n ) 并且损坏进化参数() 变得。同时，从确定的模型获得的计算结果与处于条件的测试数据相比普通在室内测试，它与可靠性被证明。
Use of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Melanocytic Lesions: Applications and Pitfalls (2010)

The accurate diagnosis of melanocytic lesions is essential for the adequate clinical management of the patients. Besides the histopathologic examination, immunohistochemical studies are often used as an adjunct in distinguishing melanocytic lesions from tumors with different origin or between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. In the first part of this article, we analyze data on currently used immunohistochemical markers, with special emphasis on their applicability to clinical practice, and underline their potential pitfalls. The pathogenesis of malignant transformation of melanocytes is not completely understood. Recent studies report that various melanoma progression markers are preferentially expressed in benign or malignant melanocytic lesions or show different expression in subsequent stages of tumor development. Furthermore, in recent years, emerging genetic studies suggest that there are distinctive patterns of chromosomal aberrations in different subtypes of melanoma that can be altered by newly developed targeted therapies. In the second part of our article, we will discuss the most significant progression markers in melanoma that can be detected by immunohistochemistry and their potential usefulness for diagnosis, prognosis, staging or as therapeutic targets.
Controlled dielectrophoretic nanowire self-assembly using atomic layer deposition and suspended microfabricated electrodes (2012)

Effects of design and materials on the dielectrophoretic self-assembly of individual gallium nitride nanowires (GaN NWs) onto microfabricated electrodes have been experimentally investigated. The use of TiO(2) surface coating generated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) improves dielectrophoretic assembly yield of individual GaN nanowires on microfabricated structures by as much as 67%. With a titanium dioxide coating, individual nanowires were placed across suspended electrode pairs in 46% of tests (147 out of 320 total), versus 28% of tests (88 out of 320 total tests) that used uncoated GaN NWs. An additional result from these tests was that suspending the electrodes 2.75 μm above the substrate corresponded with up to 15.8% improvement in overall assembly yield over that of electrodes fabricated directly on the substrate.
Rewriting executable files to measure program behavior (1994)

Abstract Inserting instrumentation code in a program is an effective technique for detecting, recording, and measuring many aspects of a program's performance. Instrumentation code can be added at any stage of the compilation process by specially‐modified system tools such as a compiler or linker or by new tools from a measurement system. For several reasons, adding instrumentation code after the compilation process—by rewriting the executable file—presents fewer complications and leads to more complete measurements. This paper describes the difficulties in adding code to executable files that arose in developing the profiling and tracing tools qp and qpt. The techniques used by these tools to instrument programs on MIPS and SPARC processors are applicable in other instrumentation systems running on many processors and operating systems. In addition, many difficulties could have been avoided with minor changes to compilers and executable file formats. These changes would simplify this approach to measuring program performance and make it more generally useful.
In vitro degradation of the C‐terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin by ‘enkephalinase A’ (1983)

As the C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin represents a putative neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, the membrane-bound enzymes involved in its inactivation were investigated. Two aminopeptidases, involved in the cleavage of enkephalins, and a metalloendopeptidase were identified in extracts of solubilized synaptic membranes. The metalloendopeptidase, which cleaves CCK-8 at the Trp30-Met31 bond, appeared to be indistinguishable from 'enkephalinase A1' on the basis of its chromatographic behaviour, sensitivity to inhibitors and relative affinities for Met- and Leu-enkephalins. This finding indicates that CCK-8 is inactivated in vitro by the same peptidases as enkephalins.
Table S4 from ZIP9 Is a Druggable Determinant of Sex Differences in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Primers used to study YAP-1 target genes&lt;/p&gt;