gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Pre-Impact Baselines at Scale to Inform Species Recovery (2023)

This talk will describe the work of the CPN Pre-Impact Baselines Working Group to leverage the wealth of paleoecological and historical ecological data to facilitate estimation of pre-impact species distribution baselines. Species conservation has long focused on preventing human-driven extinctions, and over the past 50 years conservation success has been measured using changes in species’ extinction risk. However, recently calls have been made for a parallel focus on species recovery, and on developing metrics with which to assess its achievement. This call to action within the conservation community is fuelled in part by the recognition that baselines of species abundance and distribution have shifted dramatically across human generations with globally detectable human impacts on ecosystems beginning at least several thousand years ago. While assessment of extinction risk generally only considers species’ change over the past few decades, assessment of recovery requires considering change over centuries to millennia. This requires identifying the baseline status at the time when humans first became a major factor influencing the abundance and distribution of a species. Two new frameworks for considering conservation status relative to a species’ pre-impact baseline have been recently released: EPOCH (Evaluation of POpulation CHange), and the IUCN Green Status of Species. These frameworks have been lauded as moving conservation in a much-needed direction, but there is also concern about whether these methods will be applicable to any but a few well-known, charismatic species. Using a combination of modelling approaches, we are working to estimate species pre-impact distributions in a way that is accessible to conservation practitioners, helping to unshift the baseline and bring species recovery into the mainstream.
Absolute cross sections for charge-exchange in 3He2+ and H+ impact on CO (2002)

We report measured absolute single and double charge-exchange cross sections for 3He2+ on CO at ion impact energies between 1 and 14 keV (velocities between 254 and 949 km s-1). A retarding-field method is used for charge-state analysis of the ion beam after traversing the target gas cell. Cross sections are determined from absolute measurements of current ratios and the CO target gas pressure. For testing the experimental technique, proton-electron capture cross sections are measured at energies between 2.5 and 7 keV. The measured He2+ and H+ cross sections are compared to available data.
Use of Experimental Design To Optimize Docking Performance: The Case of LiGenDock, the Docking Module of Ligen, a New De Novo Design Program (2013)

On route toward a novel de novo design program, called LiGen, we developed a docking program, LiGenDock, based on pharmacophore models of binding sites, including a non-enumerative docking algorithm. In this paper, we present the functionalities of LiGenDock and its accompanying module LiGenPocket, aimed at the binding site analysis and structure-based pharmacophore definition. We also report the optimization procedure we have carried out to improve the cognate docking and virtual screening performance of LiGenDock. In particular, we applied the design of experiments (DoE) methodology to screen the set of user-adjustable parameters to identify those having the largest influence on the accuracy of the results (which ensure the best performance in pose prediction and in virtual screening approaches) and then to choose their optimal values. The results are also compared with those obtained by two popular docking programs, namely, Glide and AutoDock for pose prediction, and Glide and DOCK6 for Virtual Screening.
Static internal performance tests of single expansion ramp nozzle concepts designed with LO considerations (1993)

Scale model. cold flow static testing was conducted to investigate the internal perfonn<mce characteristics of several Low Observable (LO) Single Expansion R ~ n p Nozzle (SERN) concepts. Using ‘an inviscid Euler code several SERN flow paths were designed. ‘%se SERN concepts were divided into two distinct categories depending on the nozzle throat location. The nozzle design philosophy for the test configurations, results oithe test program, and ii comparison of the test h t . 1 to prekd test predictions are presented.
Phase noise analysis of two wavelength coherent imaging system (2013)

Two wavelength coherent imaging is a digital holographic technique that offers several advantages over conventional coherent imaging. One of the most significant advantages is the ability to extract 3D target information from the phase contrast image at a known difference frequency. However, phase noise detracts from the accuracy at which the target can be faithfully identified. We therefore describe a method for relating phase noise to the correlation of the image planes corresponding to each wavelength, among other parameters. The prediction of the phase noise spectrum of a scene will aid in determining our ability to reconstruct the target.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL REACTION OF AROMATIC SULFONYL CHLORIDES AND THIOLS (1979)

Abstract Unter Reduktion des Sulfonyl‐Schwefels in den Sulfonylchloriden (I) entstehen mit den aromatischen Thiolen (II) die Disulfide (III), wobei wahrscheinlich als Zwischenstufen Thiosul?‐ nate und Sulfensäuren gebildet werden.
[Radiologic diagnosis of the retroperitoneal masses (author's transl)]. (1979)

A series of 75 patients with retroperitoneal masses (60 malignant and 15 benign tumours) have been studied. Urography and angiography were employed. The results of the two methods are correlated. The following criteria are taken into consideration: a) site; b) nature; c) extension of the mass. The importance of a precise definition of the extension of the tumour is stressed. In fact this can greatly influence the choice of the therapy.
Der Einfluss der Darrtechnologie auf die Malz- und Bierqualität (1996)

Bei der Malzherstellung werden im Rahmen der Maillard-Reaktion zahlreiche flüchtige Substanzen gebildet. Mit einer prozessgesteuerten Versuchsdarre im Pilotmaßstab wurde die Bildung und Kinetik flüchtiger Verbindungen während des Darrprozesses untersucht. Der Einfluss mit unterschiedlichen Darrverfahren hergestellter heller und dunkler Malze auf das Bieraroma sowie die Geschmacksstabilität konnte mit Hilfe analytischer Methoden und sensorischer Analyse bewertet werden.
A comparative study of tumour-blood-flow modification in two rat-tumour systems using endothelin-1 and angiotensin II: Influence of tumour size on angiotensin-II response (1996)

Tumour blood flow modification following i.v. administration of angiotensin II (AT II, 0.19 nmol kg-1 min-1) or endothelin-1 (ET-1, 1 nmol kg-1) was compared in the P22 carcinosarcoma-bearing BD9 rat and the HSN fibrosarcoma-bearing CBH/CBi rat using the tissue uptake of radiolabelled iodoantipyrine. Results were compared with a range of normal tissues. HSN tumour blood flow was unmodified by either peptide, whereas P22 tumour blood flow was unmodified by ET-1 but was reduced to 80% of the control flow by AT II. Both peptides reduced absolute blood flow in the skin overlying the tumour, in contralateral skin, skeletal muscle, kidney and small intestine, whereas blood flow to the brain and heart was significantly increased by ET-1 and unmodified by AT II. Both peptides significantly increased vascular resistance (mean arterial blood pressure / tissue blood flow) in all normal tissues and both tumours, thus demonstrating the existence of vascular receptors for these 2 vasomodifiers, and the capacity of the vessels to respond to receptor activation. Dependency of response on tumour size was examined in the P22 tumour. In contrast to that in small P22 tumours (1.22 +/- 0.06 g), blood flow to large P22 tumours (7.18 +/- 0.25 g) was unmodified by AT II. Vascular resistance was equally increased in both tumour groups, thus illustrating little difference in the vascular response to AT II in the size range examined. Results show that the 2 rat tumours responded directly to ET-1 and AT II, but do not indicate any advantage of ET-1 over AT II in tumour blood flow modification. However, the existence of tumour vascular endothelin receptors suggests that the advent of less toxic and more controllable receptor ligands may make endothelin receptors of value in the modification of tumour blood flow.
Demonstration of an optical packet synchronizer for an optical packet switch (2002)

We have demonstrated a compact optical packet synchronizer. With a tunable DBR LD and SOA gates, the synchronization is successfully achieved with simple electric circuits by controlling the switching timing. Because OFCs are used, the OPSy is compact and the delay time can be controlled precisely. in this architecture, by increasing the number of wavelengths, finer resolution can be obtained without much increase in the losses and crosstalk.
The onset of thermal convection in an infinite Prandtl number, variable-viscosity, compressible Earth's mantle by the mean-field approximation (1999)

The values of the Rayleigh number critical for the onset of Thermal instability in an infinite Prandtl number, compressible Earth’s mantle are determined against the aspect ratio (the ratio between the width and the depth of the cell) for constant and for pressure- and temperature-dependent viscosity. The procedure adopted follows the experimental approach which determines the critical&#13;\nRayleigh number as the value at which the heat flux across the fluid exceeds the conductive one. We solve the &#13;\nsingle-mode mean-field equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and energy and evaluate the Nusselt number, i.e. the ratio between the actual heat transfer and the heat which would be transported only by conduction. The value of the Rayleigh number for which the Nusselt number exceeds unity can be identified as the critical value. Between incompressible and compressible fluids with constant viscosity the critical Rayleigh numbers differ at&#13;\nmost by 10–20% for cells aspect ratios between 0.1 to about 30, while at larger aspect ratios compressibility yields critical Rayleigh numbers one or more orders of magnitude larger. For variable viscosity, since a more viscous interior prevents motion, a much higher Rayleigh number is required for the onset of convection. It is also shown how viscous dissipation of heat increases the critical Rayleigh number, while compressibility favours the onset of convection.
Targeting the Plasmodium Ubiquitin/Proteasome System with Anti- Malarial Compounds: Promises for the Future (2010)

The human malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is responsible for one of the most infectious diseases of the world and is quickly gaining resistance to the commonly used antimalarial treatments. New data are continually reinforcing the idea that biological functions associated with the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) are not just limited to non-lysomal degradation of proteins but consist of a wide array of regulatory mechanisms such as cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, gene expression and trafficking. While there is much effort in understanding the UPS in many eukaryotic organisms, the Plasmodium UPS has been relatively understudied despite its potential as a therapeutic drug target. However, in vitro proteasome inhibitors studies have confirmed the essentiality of the UPS in Plasmodia with limited toxicity to human cell lines. In addition, computational studies have shown that there are a number of ubiquitinating proteins upstream of the proteasome that may serve as parasite-specific drug targets due to their variety and divergences from other eukaryotic species. In this review, we highlight the major findings about Plasmodium's UPS and discuss its possible implications as an effective and specific antimalarial target.
Embryonic health: new insights, mHealth and personalised patient care (2015)

The worldwide epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCD), including obesity, is a burden to which poor lifestyles contribute significantly. Events in early life may enhance susceptibility to NCD, with transmission into succeeding generations. This may also explain, in part, why interventions in adulthood are less effective to reduce NCD risk. New insights reveal that the early embryo, in particular, is extremely sensitive to signals from gametes, trophoblastic tissue and periconception maternal lifestyles. Embryonic size and growth as determinants of embryonic health seem to impact future health. A relatively small embryo for gestational age is associated with pregnancy complications, as well as with the risk of early features of NCD in childhood. Although personal lifestyles are modifiable, they are extremely difficult to change. Therefore, adopting a life course approach from the periconception period onwards and integrated into patient care with short-term reproductive health benefits may have important implications for future prevention of NCD. The current reproductive population is used to Internet and social media. Therefore, they can be reached via mobile phone (mHealth) platforms that provide personalised lifestyle (pre)pregnancy programs. This will offer opportunities and possibly great benefits for the health of current and succeeding generations.
Penetration Testing in the IoT Age (2018)

Internet of Things (IoT) objects offer new services but also pose new security threats. Due to the heterogeneity, large number, and resource constraints of these objects, new penetration testing tools and techniques are needed to complement defensive mechanisms.
Aberrant dynamic functional network connectivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals (2022)

An increasing number of recent brain imaging studies are dedicated to understanding the neuro mechanism of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals. In contrast to efforts to date that are limited to static functional connectivity, here we investigate abnormal connectivity in T2DM individuals by characterizing the time-varying properties of brain functional networks. Using group independent component analysis (GICA), sliding-window analysis, and k-means clustering, we extracted thirty-one intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) and estimated four recurring brain states. We observed significant group differences in fraction time (FT) and mean dwell time (MDT), and significant negative correlation between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and FT/MDT. We found that in the T2DM group the inter- and intra-network connectivity decreases and increases respectively for the default mode network (DMN) and task-positive network (TPN). We also found alteration in the precuneus network (PCUN) and enhanced connectivity between the salience network (SN) and the TPN. Our study provides evidence of alterations of large-scale resting networks in T2DM individuals and shed light on the fundamental mechanisms of neurocognitive deficits in T2DM.
Towards a Theory of Fano Resonances in Quantum Dots (2001)

URL: http://www-spht.cea.fr/articles/s01/222 Washington in: Bulletin of the American Physical Society 46, p. 531 (2001) [Part I]
Strong methane point sources contribute a disproportionate fraction of total emissions across multiple basins in the United States (2022)

Understanding, prioritizing, and mitigating methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions requires quantifying CH<sub>4</sub> budgets from facility scales to regional scales with the ability to differentiate between source sectors. We deployed a tiered observing system for multiple basins in the United States (San Joaquin Valley, Uinta, Denver-Julesburg, Permian, Marcellus). We quantify strong point source emissions (>10 kg CH<sub>4</sub> h<sup>-1</sup>) using airborne imaging spectrometers, attribute them to sectors, and assess their intermittency with multiple revisits. We compare these point source emissions to total basin CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes derived from inversion of Sentinel-5p satellite CH<sub>4</sub> observations. Across basins, point sources make up on average 40% of the regional flux. We sampled some basins several times across multiple months and years and find a distinct bimodal structure to emission timescales: the total point source budget is split nearly in half by short-lasting and long-lasting emission events. With the increasing airborne and satellite observing capabilities planned for the near future, tiered observing systems will more fully quantify and attribute CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from facility to regional scales, which is needed to effectively and efficiently reduce methane emissions.
Targeting Aurora Kinases as Therapy in Multiple Myeloma. (2006)

Abstract The aurora kinases A and B are critical for facilitating cell cycle transit from G2 through to cytokinesis. As important regulators of the mitotic event, they are being tested as potential targets in cancer therapy. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B cell malignancy characterized by progressive genetic instability, suggesting a disruption of cell cycle checkpoints has occurred that normally arrest cells at G2M or within mitosis when injury to the mitotic machinery occurs. Since these deficient checkpoints would prevent cell cycle arrest and potential repair and may render MM cells susceptible to apoptotic death in mitosis, we tested the anti-myeloma effecy of two separate agents that inhibit aurora kinases. Both agents induced cytoreduction of MM cell lines and primary myeloma samples at nM concentrations while normal peripheral blood lymphocytes and CLL cells were not affected. MM cells were not protected by IL-6 or activating mutations of RAS. Anti-myeloma effects were characterized by induction of tetraploidy followed by apoptosis. The myeloma apoptotic effect correlated well with the inhibition of aurora kinase activity as shown by reduction of histone 3B phosphorylation (substrate of auroras). Furthermore, stable ectopic over-expression of aurora kinase A significantly protected MM cells against aurora inhibitors but had no effect on apoptosis induced by velcade. As expression of the centrosomal protein RHAMM in MM cells may contribute to genetic instability, we tested effects of RHAMM over-expression on the sensitivity to aurora inhibitors. Although RHAMM over-expression in transfected MM cells was very modest, it significantly enhanced sensitivity to apoptosis induced by aurora kinase inhibitors. These results suggest the potential for aurora kinase inhibitors in multiple myeloma especially in patients where RHAMM is over-expressed.
Development of an Oilless, Gearless, and Bleedable Under Armor Auxiliary Power Unit (1995)

The oilless, gearless and bleedable under armor auxiliary power unit (UAAPU) development program is providing the United States Army with a technically advanced auxiliary power unit (APU) for military tracked vehicles. Fully functional prototypes in two configurations are being demonstrated in both laboratory and field tests. The APU power output is 32 kw (43 shp) with 10 to 20 kw supplied as electrical power and the balance of power delivered as elevated pressure bleed air for use in conjunction with the vehicle nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) filtration and environmental control system (ECS). The design of the UAAPU incorporates air bearings and a shaft-speed permanent-magnet starter/generator with electronic power conditioning to eliminate completely the need for oil lubrication and an auxiliary gearbox. This significantly simplifies the mechanical design of the APU with resulting reliability, durability, and maintainability improvements. Over 600 hours of laboratory system development test time has been logged and 90 hours in field tests on an M1A1 main battle tank. Operations in the field have included both gunnery and simulated warfare training exercises.
Limitations of Using Dosimeters in Impulse Noise Environments (2004)

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) investigated the capabilities of noise dosimeters to measure personal exposure to impulse noise. The two leading types of commercially available dosimeters were evaluated in terms of their ability to measure and integrate impulses generated from gunfire during live-fire exercises at a law enforcement indoor firing range. Sound measurements were conducted throughout the firing range using dosimeters, sound level meters, and a measurement configuration that consisted of a quarter-inch microphone and a digital audiotape recorder to capture the impulse waveforms. Personal dosimetry was conducted on eight shooters, an observer, and the range master. Peak levels from gunfire reached 163 decibels (dB), exceeding the nominal input limit of the dosimeters. The dosimeters "clipped" the impulses by acting as if the gunfire had a maximum level of 146 dB. In other cases, however, peak levels (e.g., 108 dB) were below the dosimeter input limits, but the dosimeters still showed a peak level of 146 dB. Although NIOSH recommends that sound levels from 80 to 140 dB (A-weighted) be integrated in the calculation of dose and the time-weighted average, our present data suggest this criterion may be inadequate. These results showed that some instruments are incapable of providing accurate measures of impulse sounds because of their electroacoustic limitations.
Novel Sulfoalkoxylated Polyimide Membrane for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of (−)-3-Butyl-7-hydroxyphthalide, a Cytotoxic Metabolite ofPenicillium vulpinum* (2003)

Both the enantiomers as well as the racemate of 3-butyl-7-hydroxyphthalide (1) were synthesized, and the absolute configuration of the naturally occurring (-)-1 (a weakly cytotoxic metabolite of Penicillium vulpinum) was identified as S.
Recent developments in TiNi-based shape memory alloys (1998)

Recently, a variety of manufacturing methods have enabled us to produce fine or thin shapes or unique structure of TiNi-based shape memory alloys: e.g., (a) rolled thin plates with a thickness less than 100 &mu;m, (b) drawn fine wires with a diameter less than 50 &mu;m, (c) drawn microtubes with an outer diameter less than 350 &mu;m, (d) sputter-deposited thin films with a thickness less than 1 &mu;m, (e) rapidly solidified ribbons of several tens &mu;m thickness and (f) sintered porous structured materials. The characteristics and applications of these TiNi-based alloys are reviewed.