gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Hypoxia on Endothelium-Derived NO-Mediated Relaxation in Rat Carotid, Mesenteric and Iliac Arteries (2013)

Individual vascular beds exhibit differences in vascular reactivity. The present study examined the influence of hypoxia on endothelium-dependent, especially nitric oxide (NO)-mediated, relaxation in the isolated rat common carotid, superior mesenteric and external iliac arteries. Hypoxia for 1 and 3 h had no effects on the relaxations caused by acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in common carotid and external iliac arteries. In addition, NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA, 10 μmol/l)-resistant, endothelium-dependent relaxations by ACh were also unaffected by hypoxia in these arteries. On the other hand, ACh-induced relaxation in superior mesenteric arteries was significantly impaired by exposure to hypoxia, while this condition did not affect the relaxation induced by SNP or ACh in the presence of L-NA. This impairment was partially prevented by treatment with tempol (3 mmol/l), a superoxide scavenger. These findings demonstrate a marked heterogeneity in response to hypoxia in rat arteries. Briefly, acute hypoxia induces impairment of endothelium-derived NO-mediated relaxation through the decrease in its bioavailability in the superior mesenteric, but not in common carotid or external iliac, arteries. Furthermore, superoxide seems to be one causal factor responsible for the undesirable effect of hypoxia.
Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Paraquat in Environmental Water Samples Using a Vertically Ordered Mesoporous Silica Film and a Nanocarbon Composite (2022)

Herein, we demonstrate a sensitive and rapid electrochemical method for the detection of paraquat (PQ) using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with vertically ordered mesoporous silica films (VMSF) and a nanocarbon composite. The three-dimensional graphene-carbon nanotube (3DG-CNT) nanocarbon composite has a 3D network structure, a large electroactive area and oxygen-containing groups, promoting electron transfer between PQ and the underlying electrode and providing a suitable microenvironment for the stable growth of VMSF. This VMSF/3DG-CNT nanocomposite film could be prepared on the GCE's surface by a two-step electrochemical method with good controllability and convenience. Owing to the synergistic effect of the electrocatalytic ability of 3DG-CNT and the electrostatically enriched capacity of VMSF, the proposed VMSF/3DG-CNT/GCE has superior analytical sensitivity compared with the bare GCE. Furthermore, VMSF has excellent anti-fouling ability that makes the fabricated sensor exhibit satisfactory performance for direct analysis of PQ in environmental water samples.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles antagonize the effect of Cetuximab on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro (2017)

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are being used in many cosmetic products and have been shown to induce tumor-selective cell death in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro. Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), whose effectiveness for HNSCC, alone or in combination with cytostatic drugs, has been demonstrated intensively in the last decades. Nanoparticles are known to interact with protein structures and thus may influence their functionality. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of ZnO-NPs on the antitumor properties of Cetuximab in HNSCC in vitro. Two HNSCC cell lines (FaDu and HLaC-78) were treated with 0.1, 1 or 10 μM Cetuximab as well as 0, 0.1 or 1 μg/ml ZnO-NP. Qualitative assessment of ZnO-NP was conducted via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence staining. Evaluation was done via the MTT-assay after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation with Cetuximab and ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs were shown to antagonize the anti-tumor effects of Cetuximab in a time-dependent as well as dose-dependent way. These findings suggest an inhibitory interaction of ZnO-NPs with Cetuximab, which warrants further investigation.
Antitumor activity of zoledronic acid in primary breast cancer cells determined by the ATP tumor chemosensitivity assay (2012)

Zoledronic acid has a strong antitumor effect on primary breast cancer cells in vitro which is equal or superior to commonly used chemotherapeutic regimens for treating breast cancer.
Effect of Acute Exposure to Cold on the Activity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid System (1975)

The effects of a sudden but sustained exposure to cold (1 to 6C) on serum TSH, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) (all measured by radioimmunoassay), pituitary TSH concentration, pituitary TSH secretory responsiveness to hypothalamic extract or synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in vitro as well as in vivo, and the changes of the thyrotropin-releasing activity in three TRF-rich hypothalamic areas were determined. In normal animals, serum TSH underwent a series of oscillations, first rising then returning to the basal levels, then rising again, whereas serum T4 and T3 increased within 2 h of cold exposure and remained elevated. Pituitary TSH concentration and the in vitro pituitary responsiveness declined after an initial elevation, whereas the in vivo responsiveness to TRH was diminished throughout the whole exposure to cold. Thyroid-blocked animals with steady, low levels of serum T4 and T3 showed a step by step increase of serum TSH levels and no changes in the other parameters. It is therefore assumed that the decrease of TSH secretion following the initial rise is due to a feedback inhibition by the increased levels of thyroid hormones as is the decreased pituitary responsiveness of TRH in vivo. The pituitary responsiveness in vitro seems to be determined by TSH pituitary concentrations, the changes of which are probably also secondary to the changes of the thyroid hormone levels. The mechanism of the second rise of serum TSH levels is not clear. Thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) activity was higher after 2 and 24 h of cold exposure in the median eminence and after 8 h in the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area, but lower after 8 and 24 h in the dorsomedial hypothalamus. Since the changes of TRF activity in the median eminence coincided with the elevated serum TSH, they are assumed to reflect increased TRF production and secretion. The significance of the TRF changes in the other two areas is not clear.
Scheduling Algorithms for Multicarrier Wireless Data Systems (2010)

We consider the problem of scheduling multicarrier wireless data in systems such as IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX). Each scheduling decision involves assigning carriers to users for each time slot, subject to the constraint that each carrier is assigned to at most one user, but multiple carriers can potentially be assigned to the same user. One important aspect of our problem is that a scheduler knows the channel rates across all users and all carriers whenever a scheduling decision is made. This “global” information may give a potential for enhancing performance via an optimized allocation of carriers to users. We analyze this problem in a situation where finite queues are fed by a data arrival process. The well-known MaxWeight algorithm for the single-carrier setting maximizes the product of queue size and service rate. We focus on how to adapt MaxWeight to the multicarrier setting. If the same objective is pursued, more service than needed may be assigned to drain a queue, thereby creating wastage. While a simple variant in the objective forbids this wastage, it turns an easy-to-compute old objective into an intractable new objective. We state the hardness of the new optimization problems and propose several extremely simple algorithms with provable performance bounds. We conclude with supporting simulation examples.
Survival after T cell–depleted haploidentical stem cell transplantation is improved using the mother as donor (2008)

We hypothesized that transplacental leukocyte trafficking during pregnancy, which induces long-term, stable, reciprocal microchimerism in mother and child, might influence outcome of patients with acute leukemia given parental donor haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We analyzed the outcome of 118 patients who received transplants for acute leukemia in 2 centers. Patients received highly T cell-depleted haploidentical grafts after myelo-ablative conditioning. Five-year event-free survival was better in patients who received transplants from the mother than from the father (50.6% +/- 7.6% vs 11.1% +/- 4.2%; P < .001). Better survival was the result of both reduced incidence of relapse and transplantation-related mortality. The protective effect was seen in both female and male recipients, in both lymphoid and myeloid diseases; it was more evident in patients receiving transplants in remission than in chemotherapy-resistant relapse. Incidences of rejection and acute graft-versus-host disease were not significantly influenced. Multivariate analysis confirmed donor sex in parental donor transplantation as an independent prognostic factor for survival (hazard ratio, father vs mother = 2.36; P = .003). In contrast, in a control cohort of patients who received transplants from haploidentical siblings, donor sex had no influence on outcome. Although obtained in a retrospective analysis, these data suggest that the mother of the patient should be preferred as donor for haploidentical HSCT.
Reinjection laser oscillator and method (1981)

A uv preionized CO.sub.2 oscillator with integral four-pass amplifier capable of providing 1 to 5 GW laser pulses with pulse widths from 0.1 to 0.5 ns full width at half-maximum (FWHM) is described. The apparatus is operated at any pressure from 1 atm to 10 atm without the necessity of complex high voltage electronics. The reinjection technique employed gives rise to a compact, efficient system that is particularly immune to alignment instabilities with a minimal amount of hardware and complexity.
Medication Errors (2018)

In Brief A vial's labels express drug concentrations inconsistently...Zoster vaccines have different storage requirements
Parabolic Trough Reference Plant for Cost Modeling with the Solar Advisor Model (SAM) (2010)

This report describes a component-based cost model developed for parabolic trough solar power plants. The cost model was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), assisted by WorleyParsons Group Inc., for use with NREL's Solar Advisor Model (SAM). This report includes an overview and explanation of the model, two summary contract reports from WorleyParsons, and an Excel spreadsheet for use with SAM. The cost study uses a reference plant with a 100-MWe capacity and six hours of thermal energy storage. Wet-cooling and dry-cooling configurations are considered. The spreadsheet includes capital and operating cost by component to allow users to estimate the impact of changes in component costs.
Feasibility Analysis of Spectral Detection of Breast Cancer Based on Monte Carlo Method (2022)

The current methods of breast cancer detection have the drawbacks of trauma to the body, high price and untruthful results. Biophotonics has been extensively studied for the early screening of breast diseases in recent years. For different biological tissues, the parameters of optical properties are different, and the distribution of energy transfer within the tissues is slightly different. For the behavior of light transmission in the breast, it can be described by a random discrete optical model of biological tissue. The Monte Carlo method, also known as random sampling or statistical experiment, is to try to simulate this process. By simulating the behavior of broadband light source transmitting through the breast in 350–1300 nm band, we can find the transmission coefficient of the breast tissue for this band of wavelength, so that when screening for breast cancer in non-invasive visible band, we can draw a conclusion about whether or not the breast cancer is affected based on the difference of the transmittance.
Forty microsatellite markers developed in the entire SLA region and evaluation of their availability in various porcine breeds. (2006)

International audience
A FRET-enabled molecular peptide beacon with a significant red shift for the ratiometric detection of nucleic acids (2016)

A cationic molecular peptide beacon NAP1 functionalized with a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-pair at its ends allows the ratiometric detection of ds-DNA with a preference for AT rich sequences. NAP1 most likely binds in a folded form into the minor groove of ds-DNA, which results in a remarkable change in its fluorescence properties. As NAP1 exhibits quite low cytotoxicity, it can also be used for imaging of nuclear DNA in cells.
Exploring the interaction of l-cysteine capped CuS nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA): a spectroscopic study (2016)

<sc>l</sc>-Cysteine capped copper sulfide nanoparticles with an average particle size of 6 nm were synthesized using a chemical co-precipitation method and their interactions with bovine serum albumin were explored using various spectroscopic techniques.
Targeting dexamethasone to Kupffer cells: Effects on liver inflammation and fibrosis in rats (2001)

Kupffer cells (KC) play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory liver diseases leading to fibrosis. Anti-inflammatory drugs are only effective when administered at high doses that may cause side effects. Therefore, dexamethasone coupled to mannosylated albumin (Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA) was designed by us to selectively deliver this anti-inflammatory drug to the KC. The effectiveness of Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA was studied both in organ cultures and fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats. Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA accumulated in livers of both healthy and fibrotic rats (67% ± 5% and 70% ± 9% of the dose, respectively) and uptake was found almost exclusively in KC. Active dexamethasone was liberated from its carrier, because Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA could effectively inhibit nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) release in endotoxin-activated liver slices. In vivo, however, this was associated with increased collagen I and III depositions and enhanced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA expression. This was accompanied by a decreased influx of reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing cells in the livers of BDL animals treated with Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA as compared with untreated BDL rats. Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA treatment also replenished the depleted glycogen stores in hepatocytes of BDL livers. In conclusion, our studies showed selective delivery of dexamethasone to KC with Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA. This conjugate reduced intrahepatic ROS in vivo and TNF-α production in vitro and prevented glycogen depletion in vivo , indicating effective pharmacologic targeting. Dexa 5 -Man 10 -HSA, however, also accelerated fibrogenesis, which was paralleled by TIMP-1 mRNA induction. Targeting of dexamethasone to KC provides evidence for a dual role of this cell type in fibrogenesis of BDL rats.
Stability analysis of cascaded converters for bidirectional power flow applications (2008)

This paper establishes the criteria to ensure stable operation of two-stage, bidirectional, isolated AC-DC converters. The bi-directional converter is analyzed in the context of a building block module (BBM) that enables a fully modular architecture for universal power flow conversion applications (AC-DC, DC-AC and DC-DC). The BBM consists of independently controlled AC-DC and isolated DC-DC converters that are cascaded for bidirectional power flow applications. The cascaded converters have different control objectives in different directions of power flow. This paper discusses methods to obtain the appropriate input and output impedances that determine stability in the context of bi-directional AC-DC power conversion. Design procedures to ensure stable operation with minimal interaction between the cascaded stages are presented. The analysis and design methods are validated through extensive simulation and hardware results.
Structure of a Plasma Shock Wave (1964)

The one-dimensional, steady-state structure of a shock wave in a fully ionized plasma is investigated in the absence of external applied magnetic or electric fields. The structure is assumed to be described by the Navier-Stokes equations written for the electron and ion fluids, together with Poisson's equation for the self-induced electric field. When the Debye length downstream of the shock (λD2) is small compared to the ion-ion mean free path there (l2), the plasma remains essentially neutral and the equations governing the charge separation and electric field can be uncoupled from the system. The remaining equations are reduced by a boundary layer type analysis, which uses the fact that different dissipative mechanisms are important over different length scales, and an integration in phase space is carried out. It is found that when the free stream Mach number M1 is less than 1.12, the plasma behaves like a single fluid and there is only one shock layer whose thickness is proportional to l2/ε, where ε is the square root of the electron to ion mass ratio. When M1 &amp;gt; 1.12, an ion shock appears imbedded in a wider electron thermal layer and the respective thicknesses are of order l2 and l2/ε. Within the ion shock the electric field and charge separation each show a single damped oscillation with an amplitude proportional, respectively, to λD2/l2 and (λD2/l2)2. When the shock is strong, a precursor electric shock layer in which the electric field and the charge separation again show a single damped oscillation appears upstream at the beginning of the thermal layer. With λD2 and l2 of the same order, the electrical effects interact directly with the flow in the two electric shock layers. The equations are simplified by the fact that the electrical gradients are reduced by the increased tendency towards charge neutrality. Calculations for M1 = 10 show that in the imbedded electric shock layer there is a relative excess of electrons of approximately 50% locally and that there are damped vestiges of ion oscillations present.
Myocardial Fibrosis in a 3D Model: Effect of Texture on Wave Propagation (2020)

Non-linear electrical waves propagate through the heart and control cardiac contraction. Abnormal wave propagation causes various forms of the heart disease and can be lethal. One of the main causes of abnormality is a condition of cardiac fibrosis, which, from mathematical point of view, is the presence of multiple non-conducting obstacles for wave propagation. The fibrosis can have different texture which varies from diffuse (e.g., small randomly distributed obstacles), patchy (e.g., elongated interstitional stria), and focal (e.g., post-infarct scars) forms. Recently, Nezlobinsky et al. (2020) used 2D biophysical models to quantify the effects of elongation of obstacles (fibrosis texture) and showed that longitudinal and transversal propagation differently depends on the obstacle length resulting in anisotropy for wave propagation. In this paper, we extend these studies to 3D tissue models. We show that 3D consideration brings essential new effects; for the same obstacle length in 3D systems, anisotropy is about two times smaller compared to 2D, however, wave propagation is more stable with percolation threshold of about 60% (compared to 35% in 2D). The percolation threshold increases with the obstacle length for the longitudinal propagation, while it decreases for the transversal propagation. Further, in 3D, the dependency of velocity on the obstacle length for the transversal propagation disappears.
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma involving the gastrointestinal tract: analysis of clinical features and outcomes from the Asia Lymphoma study group (2013)

Overall, the data indicated that ENKTL involving the GI tract has a dismal prognosis despite active treatment including chemotherapy and surgery. Thus, more effective treatment strategies are required for this disease entity.
Anisotropic Damage Mechanics Modeling in Metal Matrix Composites (1993)

A consistent and systematic theory is developed for the analysis of damage mechanisms in metal matrix composites (MMCs). The theory involves both analytical and experimental procedures for the quantification of certain types of damage in MMCs. The analytical model involves both overall and local approaches to characterize damage in these materials. A series of experiments are conducted for micro- and macro-structural characterization of the MMC. Experiments were conducted on a titanium aluminide SiC-reinforced metal matrix composite. Center-cracked plates with laminate layups of (0/90)s, and (+/-45)s were tested under uniaxial tension. In order to investigate and model damage evolution, each of the specimens is loaded to different load levels ranging from fracture load down to 70% of the fracture load. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is performed on representative cross-sections of the damaged specimens. The measured crack densities are then used to define the damage parameters that are used in the theoretical model.... Metal matrix composites, Scanning electron microscopy, Damage parameters, Plasticity, Finite elements.
Impact of regenerative braking on vehicle stability (2006)

In a series regenerative braking system, regenerative braking is generally used to the maximum extent prior to the introduction of friction braking. During the regenerative braking phase, this generally means that the front to rear braking distribution will be less than ideal since it is often only possible to apply braking torque to a single axle. This can have significant implications for vehicle handling and stability during cornering, particularly if the axle concerned is the rear axle. The first part of this paper considers the impact on vehicle stability of applying regenerative braking through the rear axle of a sports utility vehicle. It is shown that, on low μ surfaces in particular, a moderately sized electric motor has the capability to significantly compromise vehicle stability during cornering. The second part of the paper then considers how this issue may be resolved. Various solutions are considered and it is shown that redistributing the regenerative braking torque using active driveline devices allows vehicle stability to be protected whilst maintaining maximum energy recovery.
A Comparison of Central Anatomic Single-Bundle Reconstruction and Anatomic Double-Bundle Reconstruction in Anteroposterior and Rotational Knee Stability: Intraoperative Biomechanical Evaluation (2020)

Postoperative anterior and rotational stability are still controversial when compared with single-bundle (SB) and double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This study aimed to compare the central anatomical SB and anatomical DB ACL reconstruction in intraoperative knee kinematics during continuous knee flexion-extension. A total of 34 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction using the hamstring tendon were evaluated intraoperatively before and immediately after ACL reconstruction using OrthoPilot ACL Navigation System Version 3.0. The patients were prospectively randomized into the central anatomical SB (17 knees) and the anatomical DB reconstruction (17 knees) groups. The tibial translation and rotation were continuously measured during knee flexion-extension under conventional knee motion, anterior tibial load (100N), and internal-external torque (3 N·m). The anterior tibial translation and total range of tibial rotation were calculated from the measurement values from 20 to 50 degrees at each 5-degree point. The anterior tibial translation (<i>p</i> = 0.59; two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance; <i>η</i> <sup>2</sup>G = 0.0077) and total range of tibial rotation (<i>p</i> = 0.95; <i>η</i> <sup>2</sup>G = 0.0001) at each knee flexion angle showed no significant difference between the central anatomical SB and anatomical DB reconstruction groups. It is suggested that the central anatomical SB reconstruction is comparable with the anatomical DB reconstruction in biomechanical anteroposterior and rotational knee stability at time 0.