gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proposed N-wavelength M-fiber WDM crossconnect switch using active microring resonators (1998)

Novel designs for integrated-optic M/spl times/N/spl times/M crossconnect switches are presented and analyzed. Arrays of electroabsorptive microring resonators on a semiconductor chip would provide dense wavelength-division-multiplexed switching in a compact, planar, low-voltage, high-speed geometry. Analysis indicates that the crossconnect is scaleable to 8/spl times/8/spl times/8 with more than 48-dB signal-to-crosstalk ratio.
Identification and analysis of spatio-temporal dynamical systems using wavelets (2008)

In this article, the identification and analysis of spatio-temporal dynamical systems is presented. An approximated B-spline wavelet representation of spatio-temporal dynamical systems is identified using an orthogonal least-squares algorithm from measured data. Control variables are incorporated to represent controlled external inputs and/or some system parameters for the purpose of analysis. The identified system models can be used to evaluate how the external inputs or system parameters affect the evolution of the spatio-temporal dynamics and pattern formation. Two examples are used to illustrate the proposed approach.
Beneficial effects on weight gain, hepatic steatosis and expression of lipogenic target genes in a murine obesity model after IL-1 type cytokine inactivation (2014)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and its prevalence is still increasing. NAFLD affects up to one fourth of the normal population and 50 – 75% of these patients are also suffering from obesity or type II diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is yet poorly understood recent studies show that inflammatory cytokines and especially IL-1 alpha and beta play a crucial role in the development of the disease. The overall purpose of this project is to clarify the pathophysiological effect of IL-1 in hepatic lipid accumulation and to assess the suitability of cytokine intervention as a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
Satisfação com a prótese auditiva na vida diária em usuários do Sistema de Saúde do Exército (2005)

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o nível de satisfação com a prótese auditiva na vida diária em usuários do Sistema de Saúde do Exército e fatores associados. Foram selecionados adultos e idosos, usuários do convênio de saúde da 3ª Região Militar, que adquiriram prótese auditiva entre os anos de 1998 e 2003, para responderem ao questionário SADL (Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life). Foram excluídos do estudo indivíduos com idade inferior a 18 anos; que adquiriram a prótese auditiva há menos de 6 semanas; com grave limitação da capacidade de compreensão e expressão; e que não concordaram em participar da pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que os pacientes estavam consideravelmente satisfeitos com o uso da prótese auditiva. Houve menor satisfação na subescala fatores negativos do SADL, especialmente em relação ao uso do telefone. Tiveram associação com a satisfação fatores ligados à pessoa e, principalmente, à reabilitação auditiva. Os dados mostraram que, além da seleção da prótese tecnicamente mais adequada, tem fundamental importância a implantação de programas de reabilitação auditiva, com experiência domiciliar, orientações e aconselhamento, buscando que o paciente tenha expectativas realistas.
Silica–Polymer Interface and Mechanical Reinforcement in Rubber Nanocomposites (2017)

This chapter discusses the composition and the properties of the inorganic–organic interface in silica–rubber nanocomposites that determines the strength of the interactions between the inorganic filler and the polymer and, in turn, the dynamic-mechanical behavior of the material. Many theories and experimental works are discussed, which recognized the central role of the filler–rubber interaction in defining the filler dispersion and the formation of a percolative filler network in the rubber matrix, essential to provide the reinforcing action. First the structural and surface characteristics of the silica and the silica surface modifications that determine its interaction with rubber are highlighted. Then both the interactions between filler nanoparticles (NPs) and filler–rubber interactions are examined, paying specific attention to the interface region of the rubber surrounding the filler, to the kind of covalent/van der Waals links of rubber with the silica surface, and to the gradient of polymer mobility between the more strongly interacting rubber chains localized near the surface, with a stiffer response, and the rubber further away from it. Finally the main microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, which allow to give information on the nature of silica–rubber interface, are reported showing some significant examples and discussing their capabilities and limits to support the design, control, and optimization of the inorganic–organic interface in silica–rubber nanocomposites and the improvement of their dynamic-mechanical properties.
Growth and anthocyanin production by carrot suspension cultures grown under chemostat conditions with phosphate as the limiting nutrient (1980)

Abstract Chemostat cultures of carrot suspension cultures, where growth was limited by the concentration of phosphate in the input medium, were achieved by replacing a fixed proportion of the culture with fresh medium at daily intervals. In the range 0.05–0.30m M phosphate in the input medium and at a specific growth rate of 0.357 days −1 , steady‐state culture density but not anthocyanin in the cells was strictly proportional to the input phosphate concentration with no intercept. At a phosphate concentration of 0.10m M and growth rates from 0.105 to 0.430 days −1 , the steady‐state culture density could not be described by Monod's model of chemostat cultures, but could be described by Nyholm's model. The steady‐state levels of anthocyanin were not strictly proportional to the steady‐state biomass under all conditions, showing that anthocyanin production is not completely growth associated.
Formation of a beam of high optical quality in a multistage neodymium laser (1981)

A report is given of an investigation of the formation of the intensity profile of laser radiation by the application of the spatial filtering and apodization method to a high-power neodymium system. Optimal conditions are found for the filtering of spatial frequencies and the newly developed simplest vacuum spatial filter is described. The method for making soft apertures by the evaporation of metal films on glass substrates is reported together with a study of the apodizing properties of these apertures. A study of spatial coherence of apodized laser radiation is described. The results are given of the formation of a beam of high optical quality in a high-power system with an exit aperture 45 mm in diameter.
Recent advances in EUV optics for use in solar physics (2011)

High-resolution observations with Hinode have shown that understanding the interface between the solar photosphere and the corona requires the ability to study the transition region by imaging plasma heated to around 500,000 K on spatial scales of ~ 0.2 arc seconds and at a cadence of ~5 seconds or less. And how this interface of the solar atmosphere ranges in temperatures from 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> - 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> K continues to be an area of active research in heliophysics. Although the much celebrated launch of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) is revealing activity of the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) corona and chromosphere, down to ~1 arc seconds resolution with ~10 seconds cadence, there is a continuing need to improve our observational capabilities at EUV wavelengths. Therefore, the next generation EUV imager for use in heliophysics will need to have the capability of improving performance in all three of these observational categories in order to obtain higher thermal, spatial and temporal resolution of the solar atmosphere. Herein, we present results that demonstrate our ability to estimate EUV performance as well as experimental data that show the viability of using SiC for fabricating the next-generation of space-based EUV telescopes.
Vibrational Spectroscopy Study of β and α RDX Deposits (2004)

Deposits of β and α RDX on glass substrates have been examined with optical and Raman microscopy. The measurements reveal significant differences in the morphology and Raman spectra of β and α RDX. Structures that resemble an island, as well as scattered particles, are observed in white light images of β RDX. Well-defined crystals are observed in white light images of α RDX. The spectroscopic signature of these forms of RDX has marked differences in Raman frequencies and relative intensities. The transition from β to α RDX is driven by the amount of RDX deposited. There is a close agreement between measured and calculated vibrational frequencies for β and gas-phase RDX. A poor correlation is found between measured and predicted Raman intensities and depolarization ratios for β and gas-phase RDX, respectively. These differences lead us to conclude that the properties of β and gas phase RDX are markedly different, despite the similarities in the vibrational frequencies.
One-pot production of ceria nanosheet-supported PtNi alloy nanodendrites with high catalytic performance toward methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction (2020)

The production of high-performance electrocatalysts consisting of intimately coupled PtNi nanodendrites and ceria nanosheets was realized by a one-pot method.
Beyond PageRank (2006)

Since the publication of Brin and Page's paper on PageRank, many in the Web community have depended on PageRank for the static (query-independent) ordering of Web pages. We show that we can significantly outperform PageRank using features that are independent of the link structure of the Web. We gain a further boost in accuracy by using data on the frequency at which users visit Web pages. We use RankNet, a ranking machine learning algorithm, to combine these and other static features based on anchor text and domain characteristics. The resulting model achieves a static ranking pairwise accuracy of 67.3% (vs. 56.7% for PageRank or 50% for random).
A highly reliable self-planarizing low-k intermetal dielectric for sub-quarter micron interconnects (2002)

In this paper we present a highly reliable IMD process using a new CVD chemistry. The key to the process is a unique gas chemistry of methylsilane and hydrogen peroxide, resulting in excellent gapfill and planarity with low-k of 2.75. Via-chain resistances using this process are just as low and stable as those using inorganic IMDs. This is likely attributable to the smaller amount of water outgassing with this process.
Catalytic C−C Bond Formation via Capture of Hydrogenation Intermediates (2004)

Although catalytic hydrogenation has been practiced for over a century, use of hydrogen as a terminal reductant in catalytic C-C bond formation has been restricted to processes involving migratory insertion of carbon monoxide, e.g., alkene hydroformylation and related Fischer-Tropsch-type reactions. In an effort to develop hydrogenation as a new method for catalytic cross-coupling, a catalytic system enabling capture of hydrogenation intermediates was recently developed in our lab. These results support the feasibility of developing a broad new family of hydrogen-mediated C-C bond formations.
Clinically-relevant T cell expansion protocols activate distinct cellular metabolic programs and phenotypes (2021)

Abstract Ex vivo expansion conditions used to generate T cells for immunotherapy are thought to adopt metabolic phenotypes that impede therapeutic efficacy in vivo . The comparison of five different culture media used for clinical T cell expansion revealed unique optima based on different output variables including proliferation, differentiation, function, activation and mitochondrial phenotypes. T cells adapted their metabolism to match their media expansion condition as shown by glucose and glutamine uptake, and patterns of glucose isotope labeling. However, adoption of these metabolic phenotypes was uncoupled to T cell function. Furthermore, T cell products cultured in ascites from ovarian cancer patients displayed suppressed mitochondrial activity and function irrespective of the ex vivo expansion media. In one case, culturing in ascites resulted in increased glucose uptake which was insufficient to rescue T cell function. Thus, ex vivo T cell expansion conditions have profound impacts on metabolism and function.
A 12 b 75 MS/s pipelined ADC using open-loop residue amplification (2003)

The multi-bit first stage of a 12 b 75 MS/s pipelined ADC uses an open-loop gain stage to achieve more than 60% residue amplifier power savings over a conventional implementation. Statistical background calibration removes linear and nonlinear residue errors in the digital domain. The prototype IC achieves 68.2 dB SNR, -76 dB THD, occupies 7.9 mm/sup 2/ in 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS and consumes 290 mW at 3 V.
UV LIGHT-INDUCED DEPOSITION OF COPPER FILMS (1989)

UV light-induced decomposition of palladium acetate was performed by using a new incoherent VUV excimer source. With pure Xe gas the excimer source emits light at a wavelength of 172 nm. The exposure of dip-coated ceramic substrates was accomplished through contact masks. The patterned palladium films were reinforced by an electroless copper plating process. Results are compared with excimer laser beam experiments.
Single-cell phospho-specific flow cytometric analysis demonstrates biochemical and functional heterogeneity in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor compartments (2011)

The low frequency of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in human BM has precluded analysis of the direct biochemical effects elicited by cytokines in these populations, and their functional consequences. Here, single-cell phospho-specific flow cytometry was used to define the signaling networks active in 5 previously defined human HSPC subsets. This analysis revealed that the currently defined HSC compartment is composed of biochemically distinct subsets with the ability to respond rapidly and directly in vitro to a broader array of cytokines than previously appreciated, including G-CSF. The G-CSF response was physiologically relevant-driving cell-cycle entry and increased proliferation in a subset of single cells within the HSC compartment. The heterogeneity in the single-cell signaling and proliferation responses prompted subfractionation of the adult BM HSC compartment by expression of CD114 (G-CSF receptor). Xenotransplantation assays revealed that HSC activity is significantly enriched in the CD114(neg/lo) compartment, and almost completely absent in the CD114(pos) subfraction. The single-cell analyses used here can be adapted for further refinement of HSPC surface immunophenotypes, and for examining the direct regulatory effects of other factors on the homeostasis of stem and progenitor populations in normal or diseased states.
On an extension of a question of Baker (2022)

It is an open question of Baker whether the numbers [Formula: see text] for nontrivial Dirichlet characters [Formula: see text] with period [Formula: see text] are linearly independent over [Formula: see text]. The best known result is due to Baker, Birch and Wirsing which affirms this when [Formula: see text] is co-prime to [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we extend their result to any arbitrary family of moduli. More precisely, for a positive integer [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] denote the set of all [Formula: see text] values as [Formula: see text] varies over nontrivial Dirichlet characters with period [Formula: see text]. Then for any finite set of pairwise co-prime natural numbers [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], we show that the set [Formula: see text] is linearly independent over [Formula: see text]. In the process, we also extend a result of Okada about linear independence of the cotangent values over [Formula: see text] as well as a result of Murty–Murty about [Formula: see text] linear independence of such [Formula: see text] values. Finally, we prove [Formula: see text] linear independence of such [Formula: see text] values of Erdösian functions with distinct prime periods [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text].
WHY AND HOW ANTIBIOTICS ARE USED IN SWINE PRODUCTION (2002)

In summary, published research data clearly show that the use of antibiotics during all phases of growth benefits the rate and efficiency of body weight gain, reduces mortality and morbidity, reduces subclinical disease, and improves health in pigs. Also, antibiotics at breeding and during lactation benefits reproductive and lactational performance in sows. The economic benefits are several-fold greater than the cost of the antibiotic when a cost-effective antibiotic is used for this purpose. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial resistance in animals and humans has continued, with no animal-to-human infection path being clearly delineated. Although the incidence of antibiotic resistance in the human population remains high, there is no clear evidence that the levels or patterns have changed. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance in humans likely result from antibiotics prescribed directly to humans, because well over half of the antibiotics produced in the United States is used in human medicine. Whether antibiotic usage in swine, poultry, and other food-producing animals contributes to antibiotic resistance in the human population will continue to be debated. Even though antibiotics have been fed for nearly 50 years to literally billions of animals, there is still no convincing evidence of unfavorable health effects in humans that can be directly linked to the feeding of subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics to swine or other animals. Hopefully, policy decisions in the future regarding the use of antimicrobials in animals will be based on science and sound risk assessment, and not on emotionalism.
Supplementary table 2 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in <i>Germline</i> BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical data of analyzed BRCA PDAC patients&lt;/p&gt;
CAMAC time-of-flight analyzer for molecular beam diagnostics (1988)

Time‐of‐flight (TOF) analysis of supersonic molecular beams is accomplished by a computer‐controlled TOF analyzer incorporated into a CAMAC module. The measured arrival times are stored in a LeCroy histogramming memory module and transferred to a minicomputer for further processing. The system features four independent multichannel analyzers which can be selected by program. Each unit has 4096 24‐bit channels. Dwell times are programmable between 1 and 255 μs and the maximum counting rate is 1 MHz. The system is intended for ordinary single pulse or pseudorandom TOF analysis and can also be used in photodissociation experiments employing pulsed lasers. The calibration of the TOF analyzer is described and exemplary measurements are presented.
Sybil attack type detection in Wireless Sensor networks based on received signal strength indicator detection scheme (2015)

A Wireless Sensor network is very exposed to different type of attacks and the most common one is the Sybil attack. A Sybil node tries to assume a false identity of other nodes from a network by broadcasting packets with multiple node IDs in order to get access into that network. Once it gains access into that network, it can lead to other type of attacks. As an alternative to other solutions which are based on random key distribution, trusted certification and other classic security schemes, we present a solution which is robust and lightweight enough for Sybil attack type detection, based on RSSI (received signal strength indicator). In today's modern wireless sensor networks, there are two known indicators for link quality estimation: Received Signal Strength Indicator and Link Quality Indicator (LQI). We show trough experiments that RSSI is stable enough when used in static environments and with good transceivers. According to wireless channel models, received power should be a function of distance, but we used it to localize Sybil nodes.
Liquid Membrane Permeation of Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds Contained in Model Coal Tar Fraction (2010)

We investigated the separation of nitrogen heterocyclic compound (NHC) contained in a model coal tar fraction comprising four kinds of NHC [indole (In), quinoline (Q), iso-quinoline (iQ), quinaldine (Qu)], three kinds of bicyclic aromatic compound (BAC) [1-methylnaphthalene (1MN), 2-methylnaphthalene (2MN), dimethylnaphthalene (DMN) mixture with ten structural isomers (DMNs; regarded as one component)], biphenyl (Bp) and phenyl ether (Pe) by liquid membrane permeation (LMP). A batch-stirred tank was used as the permeation unit. An aqueous solution of saponin and n-hexane were used as the liquid membrane and the outer oil phase, respectively. Yield and selectivity of individual NHC was much larger than that of BAC, Bp and Pe. Increasing the initial mass fraction of the saponin to the membrane solution () and the initial volume fraction of O/W emulsion to total liquid in a stirred tank () resulted in deteriorating the yield of individual NHC, but increasing the stirring speed (N) resulted in improving the yield of each NHC. With increasing , the selectivity of each NHC based on DMNs increased. Increasing and N resulted in decreasing the selectivity of individual NHC based on DMNs. At an experimental condition fixed, the sequence of the yield and selectivity in reference to DMNs for each NHC was Q > Qu = iQ > In. Furthermore, we compared LPM method with methanol extraction method in view of the separation efficiency (yield, selectivity) of NHC.