gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Methodology To Validate 3d Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Codes With Applications To Alegra (1998)

this paper these experiments are characterized as twodimensional. This potentially allows a detailed analysis to capture the effects of slight variations in experiments while assuming a two-dimensional axis symmetric configuration for computational analysis. (Note the deviation is small considering that the sphere is launched over a distance of 6 meters from the muzzle of the gun to the impact location.) In experiment L3, the sphere impacted the front face of the aluminum can at a radius of ~ 12 mm from the center, i.e., the axis of symmetry. This is clearly over one ball diameter; the results of this experiment will address three --dimensional impact effects both experimentally and computationally.
Functional topography of myelin‐associated glycoprotein. II. Mapping of domains on molecular fragments (1995)

The myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), an adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily with five Ig-like domains, was investigated with regard to its binding site(s) for the neuronal cell surface, collagen I, and heparin, using a panel of new monoclonal antibodies and cyanogen bromide cleavage fragments of MAG. All antibodies generated competed with each other for binding to MAG, indicating that they reacted with identical or closely related epitopes. Mapping of the reactive epitopes on recombinant deletion fragments of MAG expressed by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblasts showed reactivity of monoclonal antibody 513 with domains I, II, and III, comprising the amino-terminal end of the extracellular domain. Monoclonal antibody 15 recognized domain III only. Binding of MAG-containing liposomes to neurons was blocked by antibodies 15 and 513. Cyanogen bromide (CNBr) fragments of domains I, II, and III bound to collagen type I under isotonic buffer conditions. CNBr fragments containing domains I and II were involved in binding to heparin. These observations suggest that domain III may be important for binding to the neuronal cell surface receptor for MAG, while domains I, II, and III interact with collagen type I and domains II and III with heparin.
Comparative Study of Different Transformer-less Inverter Topologies for Grid-tied Photovoltaic System (2019)

Lately, interest is developing significantly on transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverter for its small size, low cost and high efficiency compared to the inverter which has transformer. Different topologies of transformerless inverters are stated in the literature based on the leakage current characteristics. In this paper five different topologies of transformerless inverters (H5, H6, HERIC, Modified H6, OH5) have been selected for analysis. For controlling the grid current and voltage of the DC link a common controller for all the topologies has been designed based on PI controller and SPWM technique. These two techniques have been used to generate the switching pulses for the inverter switches. The simulation of all the five topologies are conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and analysis has been done. Finally, based on that a comparative study has been obtained based on the component ratings, leakage current, maximum efficiency and components number to determine a better topology for real world operation.
Optical properties and Zeeman spectroscopy of niobium in silicon carbide (2015)

The optical signature of niobium in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of three common polytypes of SiC (4H, 6H, and 15R) is observed and confirms the previously suggested concept that Nb occupies preferably the Si-C divacancy with both Si and C at hexagonal sites. Using this concept we propose a model considering a Nb-bound exciton, the recombination of which is responsible for the observed luminescence. The exciton energy is estimated using first-principles calculation and the result is in very good agreement with the experimentally observed photon energy in 4H SiC at low temperature. The appearance of six Nb-related lines in the spectra of the hexagonal 4H and 6H polytypes at higher temperatures is tentatively explained on the grounds of the proposed model and the concept that the Nb center can exist in both ${\mathrm{C}}_{1h}$ and ${\mathrm{C}}_{3v}$ symmetries. The Zeeman splitting of the photoluminescence lines is also recorded in two different experimental geometries and the results are compared with theory based on phenomenological Hamiltonians. Our results show that Nb occupying the divacancy at the hexagonal site in the studied SiC polytypes behaves like a deep acceptor.
Effects of dimensionality and boundary conditions on thermal calculations. [Underground repository] (1980)

We consider several aspects of the thermal modeling of an underground nuclear waste repository. These are the long term temperature response due to different ground surface boundary conditions, the effects of treating the three-dimensional problem in 2-D, and the consequences of using a constant power load rather than decaying power typical of radioactive waste. Our approach is superposition in time and space of the appropriate analytic solutions.
MT-scribe (2009)

The traditional model transformation approach is to write transformation programs in a specialized language. Although such languages provide powerful capabilities to automate model refinements, they still present challenges to those who are unfamiliar with specialized model transformation languages or metamodels. MT-Scribe is a tool to simplify the creation of model transformations by recording and analyzing user-specified model transformations so that they can be modularized and applied to other models. This approach does not require users to have knowledge of any model transformation language or familiarity with a metamodel definition. Through this demonstration, the audience will observe an innovative approach to implement model transformations and understand how to apply this approach to simplify endogenous model transformations tasks to support model evolution.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Active and Air‐Stable Ruthenium Complex for Olefin Metathesis. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Habitat Management for Northern Bobwhites in Wisconsin: A Long-Term Assessment (2017)

An experimental habitat management program was initiated to improve the carrying capacity for northern bobwhites ( Colinus virginianus) on private lands by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) in 1974. During 1975-80, extensive habitat restoration was undertaken on a 60-mi2 (l55-km 2) study area in Richland County to restore hedge row cover, improve riparian corridors and woodlot edges, and construct plots of food and shelter to function as wintering sites for bobwhites. Previous investigations in Wisconsin have documented that the long-term decline of bobwhites was the result of habitat deterioration, principally hedgerow cover. Elsewhere, continuous declines in bobwhite abundance suggest a re-evaluation of the validity of time-honored habitat management practices is in order. Therefore, it seemed appropriate to test the impact of extensive attempts at habitat restoration, especially the development of hedgerows, on one small treatment area in the northern fringe of the geographic range of the northern bobwhite. After 10-15 years of growth, only 25% of the planted hedges were found to be effective for wintering bobwhites (i.e., closed canopies and producing fruits). Planted hedgerow cover suffered from poor survival due to deer browsing, competition from other surrounding vegetation, and changes in property owners and attitudes as farms were sold. Linear brushy cover was measured in 1990 and compared to similar estimates from 1978. During the 12-year span, brushy linear cover, including project hedges, decreased by 41% (5,995 to 3,545 yards/square mile; 2,531 to 1,497 meters/square kilometer). In addition, managed winter food resources after 1980 were reduced by half compared to earlier efforts. Through 1991, bobwhite population trends on the treatment area did not differ from statewide trends, indicating that extensive habitat restoration work had no discernible impact with respect to reversing population declines. Over 60% of the annual variability in bobwhite abundance in Richland County is related to the severity of winters. Despite these results, we still cannot discount the value of managing for hedgerows in Wisconsin. Achievements of this project include: (I) developing a bobwhite management strategy on a landscape scale, (2) gaining a high level of landowner cooperation, and (3) implementing an extensive amount of habitat restoration on private agricultural lands at minimal costs. The major problem with our overall approach is that such habitat restoration work requires continuous attention and maintenance over time to maintain effectiveness. Landowners, while highly cooperative, are not interested in protecting or maintaining habitat improvements for wildlife unless they have
Gold complexes as prospective metal-based anticancer drugs. (2008)

Medical and therapeutic value of gold has been recognized thousands of years ago, but its rational use in medicine has not begun until the early 1920s. Cisplatin is one of the first metal-containing compounds with anti-cancer activity discovered in the 1960s. Despite the fact that cisplatin treatment is efficient for several types of solid tumors, its effectiveness is limited by toxic side effects and tumor resistance that often leads to the occurrence of secondary malignancies. Since gold(III) is isoelectronic with platinum(II) and tetracoordinate gold(III) complexes have the same square-planar geometries as cisplatin, the anticancer activity of gold(III) compounds has been investigated. Previous studies suggested that, in contrast to cisplatin, gold complexes target proteins but not DNA. Recently, we have investigated gold(III) dithiocarbamates for their anticancer activity and showed that their primary target is the proteasome. Treatment of human breast tumor-bearing nude mice with a gold(III) dithiocarbamate complex resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth, associated with proteasome inhibition and massive apoptosis induction in vivo. Better understanding of physiological processing of gold compounds will provide a rational basis for their further development into novel anticancer drugs.
Techniques for Processing TCP/IP Flow Content in Network Switches at Gigabit Line Rates (2004)

The growth of the Internet has enabled it to become a critical component used by businesses, governments and individuals. While most of the trafﬁc on the Internet is legitimate, a proportion of the trafﬁc includes worms, computer viruses, network intrusions, computer espionage, security breaches and illegal behavior. This rogue trafﬁc causes computer and network outages, reduces network throughput, and costs governments and companies billions of dollars each year. This dissertation investigates the problems associated with TCP stream processing in high-speed networks. It describes an architecture that simpliﬁes the processing of TCP data streams in these environments and presents a hardware circuit capable of TCP stream processing on multi-gigabit networks for millions of simultaneous network connections. Live Internet trafﬁc is analyzed using this new TCP processing circuit.
Highly Efficient One‐Pot Three‐Component Mannich Reaction in Water Catalyzed by Heteropoly Acids. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A regional perspective on the palynofloral response to K-T boundary event(s) with emphasis on variations imposed by the effects of sedimentary facies and latitude (1988)

Palynological studies deal with fossil reproductive bodies that were produced by fully functioning plants, whereas most faunal studies are based on death assemblages. Therefore, changes in pollen and spore assemblages cannot be used directly as evidence of catastrophic mass killings but only to indicate changes in ecological conditions. The impact of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event on terrestrial plant communities is illustrated by the degree, rate and selectivity of change. As in most classical palynological studies, the degree of change is expressed in terms of relative abundance and changes in species diversity. It is recognized that sampling interval and continuity of the rock record within individual sections can affect the percieved rate of change. Even taking these factors into account, a gradual change in relative abundance and multiple levels of apparent extinctions, associated with the interval bounding the K-T boundary, can be demonstrated. Climatic change, which locally exceeds the tolerance of individual species, and the possible loss of a group of pollinating agents are examined as possible explanations for the selectivity of apparent extinctions and/or locally truncated occurrences. The aspects of change are demonstrated with data from four different K-T boundary localities in Western Canada between paleolatitudes 60 and 75 deg north. Together, the four localities discussed allow changes imposed by latitude and differences in the depositional environment be isolated from the boundary event itself which is reflected by the truncated ranges of several species throughout the region of study. What must be recognized is that variations in the response of vegetation to the K-T boundary event(s) occurred throughout the Western Interior basin.
Transmission measurement of tapered single line defect photonic crystal waveguide (2004)

Two-dimensional single-line defect Photonic Crystal (PC) waveguides were fabricated and characterized by optical transmission measurements. Different PC-waveguide tapers were investigated for coupling to access ridge waveguides; ~10-dB coupling efficiency enhancement was observed over un-tapered waveguides
Dry-Film Lubricants from Molybdenum Disulfide Bonded with Microfibrous Boehmite (1969)

Abstract Binders that have been tried for powdered, lamellar, dry lubricants have shortcomings such as hindering the realignment of the lubricant particles or encapsulating the lubricants, making a wearing-in process necessary. A microfibrous form of colloidal alumina (boehmite) is shown to act as a superior nonencapsulating binder for molybdenum disulfide in the formation of ductile, water-resistant dry lubricant films. Such films exhibit lower coefficients of friction than have been reported for molybdenum disulfide or graphite films bonded with any other material. These new lubricating coatings have good load-carrying ability and durability at any temperature below the thermal decomposition temperature of molybdenum disulfide (700 F). Optimum performance of these boehmite-bonded films is obtained when: (a) the weight ratio of fibrillar boehmite to MoS2 is near 0.20; (b) the film is 0.2 to 0.5 mil thick; (c) the substrate is hard and highly polished; and (d) the film is applied as an alkaline dispersion (pH = 10) and then dehydrated by baking at 550 F. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASME/ASLE Lubrication Conference held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, October 8–10, 1968. Notes Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASME/ASLE Lubrication Conference held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, October 8–10, 1968.
Applications of molecular markers in strawberry (2011)

This review examines current and potential applications of molecular markers in strawberry (Fragaria spp.). The most prevalent uses of markers in strawberry are for analyses of genetic diversity, genetic mapping, and cultivar identification. Cultivar identification is by far the most important use of markers to date for the protection of intellectual property as well as to confirm the identity of nursery stock through multiple cycles of asexual propagation. These applications have been accelerated by continuous discovery of simple sequence repeat markers and the development of multiplexed sets. Mapping studies have confirmed the allopolyploid genome structure of cultivated strawberry and shed light onto genetic events that punctuate its domestication. Though marker-trait associations have been identified for disease resistance, photoperiodic flowering, and sex expression, marker-assisted selection in breeding is currently confined to a few entities in the private sector. Pedigree-based analysis holds promise for identifying additional marker-trait associations and simultaneously mining alleles in multiple genetic backgrounds. Meanwhile, the completion of the diploid strawberry genome sequence promises to accelerate candidate-gene approaches for marker discovery.
Stimulation of de Novo Pyrimidine Synthesis by Growth Signaling Through mTOR and S6K1 (2013)

Cellular growth signals stimulate anabolic processes. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a protein kinase that senses growth signals to regulate anabolic growth and proliferation. Activation of mTORC1 led to the acute stimulation of metabolic flux through the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. mTORC1 signaling posttranslationally regulated this metabolic pathway via its downstream target ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), which directly phosphorylates S1859 on CAD (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamoylase, dihydroorotase), the enzyme that catalyzes the first three steps of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Growth signaling through mTORC1 thus stimulates the production of new nucleotides to accommodate an increase in RNA and DNA synthesis needed for ribosome biogenesis and anabolic growth.
Thermal Property Measurement Techniques and Some Results for CdTe and (Hg,Cd)Te Alloys (1984)

Abstract : In order to improve the manufacturing techniques for semiconductor materials as well as establishing the operating performance characteristics, the thermophysical properties, thermal conductivity, specific heat, expansion coefficient, emissivity and heat of fusion are required. Some of these properties have been measured for CdTe and (Hg,Cd)Te. In addition to these results, measurement techniques are also described.
Head banging. (1990)

Head banging is the rhythmic movement of the head against a solid object and is marked by an almost compulsive repetitiveness. The reported incidence in childhood varies from 5 to 15%. The male to female ratio is approximately 3 or 4 males to each female. While the exact etiology is unknown, the suggested etiologies include: an integral part of normal development, a kinesthetic drive, a tension releasing maneuver, an attention-seeking device, a response to restricted activity, a consequence of emotional deprivation, and a response to various acute illnesses. The onset is usually in the latter half of the first year of life and generally ends spontaneously by four years of age. Head banging generally occurs before normal sleep. The duration may vary from a few minutes to an hour. The frontal-parietal region of the head is the most frequently struck. Although head banging appears alarming, the child seldom inflicts significant damage to the head. The physical examination in children who are head bangers is usually normal. Laboratory investigations are generally not indicated. The appropriate treatment of head banging is to offer the parents a supportive and reassuring explanation that brain damage is unlikely and that the child will outgrow the problem.
Disulfide bonds and the translocation of proteins across membranes. (1986)

We are concerned with the mechanisms whereby hydrophilic proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm are translocated across one or two membranes into different cellular organelles. On the basis of a model of the translocation process to be described elsewhere, we propose an explanation of previous findings that the in vitro translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum of secretory proteins of higher eukaryotic cells appears to be obligatorily co-translational (i.e., occurs only while the polypeptide chain is being synthesized on the ribosome). We suggest that in vitro the intrachain disulfide bonds of the polypeptide rapidly form after it is released from the ribosome; the three-dimensional conformation of the chain is thereby stabilized and cannot undergo the unfolding that is required for post-translational translocation. In accord with this proposal, we show that the secretory preprotein human preprolactin, after translation and release from the ribosome, can indeed undergo translocation across endoplasmic reticulum membranes in vitro if the medium is sufficiently reducing. Those polypeptides that, in the absence of reducing agents, can be post-translationally translocated in vitro across bacterial, mitochondrial, and other types of membranes may generally lack intrachain disulfide bonds.
14. Computational study of the aromaticity and antiaromaticity of cyclic organophosphorus compounds containing a single phosphorus atom (2018)

Organophosphorus chemistry has become one of the most rapidly developing research areas in organic and organometallic chemistry. Studies conducted in the last half century have revealed many interesting chemical structures, important intermediates, useful metal ligands, and biologically important pharmacophores. In this chapter, we have collected and analysed selected four- and five-membered antiaromatic, as well as aromatic organic compounds containing a single phosphorus atom in the ring, which were considered, studied and prepared during the last decades.
Initial Assessment of the Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Recently Identified Alzheimer Risk Loci (2013)

Recent genome wide association studies have identified CLU, CR1, ABCA7 BIN1, PICALM and MS4A6A/MS4A6E in addition to the long established APOE, as loci for Alzheimer's disease. We have systematically examined each of these loci to assess whether common coding variability contributes to the risk of disease. We have also assessed the regional expression of all the genes in the brain and whether there is evidence of an eQTL explaining the risk. In agreement with other studies we find that coding variability may explain the ABCA7 association, but common coding variability does not explain any of the other loci. We were not able to show that any of the loci had eQTLs within the power of this study. Furthermore the regional expression of each of the loci did not match the pattern of brain regional distribution in Alzheimer pathology. Although these results are mainly negative, they allow us to start defining more realistic alternative approaches to determine the role of all the genetic loci involved in Alzheimer's disease.