gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cost effective prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPI's) in the GMS Scheme. (2005)

Total expenditure under the Community Drugs Schemes in Ireland on the proton pump inhibitors (PPI's) used for the management of patients with dyspepsia was approximately 64 million Euro in 2002, an 8-fold increase since 1995. As PPI maintenance therapy accounts for the majority of this expenditure we determined potential cost savings to the GMS scheme should the prescribing of these drugs for maintenance therapy follow published clinical and cost effectiveness guidelines. Substitution, in accordance with therapeutic indication, of the PPI with the greatest individual cost i.e. omeprazole (Losec Mups) with any of the alternative agents particularly the generic omeprazole preparations Ulcid & Lopraz, rabeprazole (Pariet) and pantoprazole (Protium) would be expected to produce cost savings in excess of 5 million Euro per annum. These savings may be further enhanced by increasing the step down from healing to maintenance doses of these drugs.
The Formation, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity of Transition Metal Complexes in Zeolites: The P. H. Emmett Award Address (1975)

Abstract The chemistry of transition metal complexes in zeolites has received considerable attention in our laboratory because we believe that such complexes have potential both in fundamental and applied catalysis. To scientists outside of the field of heterogeneous catalysis it often appears virtually hopeless to obtain meaningful chemistry from surface reactions because the active centers are so poorly characterized. Although most catalytic chemists would not totally agree with this viewpoint, one would have to admit that it contains an element of truth. The traditional approach to solving this problem has been to attempt better characterization of active sites on known catalysts, and while some significant advances have been made in this direction, the progress in general has been painfully slow. Another approach, and the one which will be described here, has been to synthesize surface complexes which are both well defined and active as catalysts. These then may serve as model systems for conventional catalysts, but more than this, they may be unique catalysts which are important in their own right.
Synthesis and Serotonergic Activity of Substituted 2,N-Benzylcarboxamido-5-(2-ethyl-1-dioxoimidazolidinyl)-N,N-dimethyltrypt- amine Derivatives:  Novel Antagonists for the Vascular 5-HT1B-like Receptor (1999)

The synthesis and vascular 5-HT(1B)-like receptor activity of a novel series of substituted 2, N-benzylcarboxamido-5-(2-ethyl-1-dioxoimidazolidinyl)-N, N-dimethyltryptamine derivatives are described. Modifications to the 5-ethylene-linked heterocycle and to substituents on the 2-benzylamide side chain have been explored. Several compounds were identified which exhibited affinity at the vascular 5-HT(1B)-like receptor of pK(B) > 7.0, up to 100-fold selectivity over alpha(1)-adrenoceptor affinity and 5-HT(2A) receptor affinity, and which exhibited a favorable pharmacokinetic profile. N-Benzyl-3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-[2-(4,4-dimethyl-2, 5-dioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (23) was identified as a highly potent, silent (as judged by the inability of angiotensin II to unmask 5-HT(1B)-like receptor-mediated agonist activity in the rabbit femoral artery), and competitive vascular 5-HT(1B)-like receptor antagonist with a plasma elimination half-life of approximately 4 h in dog plasma and with good oral bioavailability. The selectivity of compounds from this series for the vascular 5-HT(1B)-like receptors over other receptor subtypes is discussed as well as a proposed mode of binding to the receptor pharmacophore. It has been proposed that the aromatic ring of the 2, N-benzylcarboxamide group can occupy an aromatic binding site rather than the indole ring. The resulting conformation allows an amine-binding site to be occupied by the ethylamine nitrogen and a hydrogen-bonding site to be occupied by one of the hydantoin carbonyls. The electronic nature of the 2,N-benzylcarboxamide aromatic group as well as the size of substituents on this aromatic group is crucial for producing potent and selective antagonists. The structural requirement on the 3-ethylamine side chain incorporating the protonatable nitrogen is achieved by the bulky 2, N-benzylcarboxamide group and its close proximity to the 3-side chain.
A single full-length VAR2CSA ectodomain variant purifies broadly neutralizing antibodies against placental malaria isolates (2022)

Placental malaria (PM) is a deadly syndrome most frequent and severe in first pregnancies. PM results from accumulation of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>-infected erythrocytes (IE) that express the surface antigen VAR2CSA and bind to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) in the placenta. Women become PM-resistant over successive pregnancies as they develop anti-adhesion and anti-VAR2CSA antibodies, supporting VAR2CSA as the leading PM-vaccine candidate. However, the first VAR2CSA subunit vaccines failed to induce broadly neutralizing antibody and it is known that naturally acquired antibodies target both variant-specific and conserved epitopes. It is crucial to determine whether effective vaccines will require incorporation of many or only a single VAR2CSA variants. Here, IgG from multigravidae was sequentially purified on five full-length VAR2CSA ectodomain variants, thereby depleting IgG reactivity to each. The five VAR2CSA variants purified ~0.7% of total IgG and yielded both strain-transcending and strain-specific reactivity to VAR2CSA and IE-surface antigen. In two independent antibody purification/depletion experiments with permutated order of VAR2CSA variants, IgG purified on the first VAR2CSA antigen displayed broad cross-reactivity to both recombinant and native VAR2CSA variants, and inhibited binding of all isolates to CSA. IgG remaining after depletion on all variants showed significantly reduced binding-inhibition activity compared to initial total IgG. These findings demonstrate that a single VAR2CSA ectodomain variant displays conserved epitopes that are targeted by neutralizing (or binding-inhibitory) antibodies shared by multiple parasite strains, including maternal isolates. This suggests that a broadly effective PM-vaccine can be achieved with a limited number of VAR2CSA variants.
Effect of pH on the Phosphorescence of Tryptophan, Tyrosine, and Proteins (1967)

Whereas the fluorescence of proteins has been extensively investigated, in particular by Weber and co-workers, the phosphorescence has been little investigated. This paper reports studies of the phosphorescence of a representative group of proteins and aromatic amino acids. The previously discovered quenching of the fluorescence of tyrosine and tryptophan in acid and alkaline pH is accompanied by an enhancement of the phosphorescence. The quenching of tyrosine fluorescence in proteins at neutral pH and by formate ion at neutral pH is accompanied by a quenching of the phosphorescence. Interpretation of these phenomena depends on a series of assumptions concerning the excited states of tyrosine and tyrosinate ion, which are shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Basically, tyrosine and tyrosinate ion are assumed to have π, π* states at lower energies than n, π* states. In tyrosinate ion the 3n, π* state is assumed to lie below the first excited singlet π, π* state. This facilitates singlet to triplet conversion (intersystem crossing) and accounts for the quenching of the fluorescence and the enhancement of the phosphorescence of tyrosinate ion as compared to tyrosine. An even more speculative assumption concerning the 3n, π* state is made to explain the fact that in tyrosine hydrogen-bonded to bases both the fluorescence and phosphorescence are quenched. In the heme proteins myoglobin and hemoglobin, neither fluorescence nor phosphorescence is seen at neutral or alkaline pH. When the heme is separated, the residual protein exhibits normal emission. In neutral solution the emission is quenched by energy transfer from the excited singlet states of tyrosine and tryptophan to the excited states of the heme. In alkaline solution, on the other hand, reasons are given for believing that the transfer is either from the excited triplet or from singlet states of the acids to the excited singlets of the heme.
Dietary restriction alters bone density and femoral biomechanics in aged male rats (2005)

Poster 122, Osteoporosis Pathophysiology: Dietary Factors. Presentation M325
A time‐based reservation scheme for managing handovers in satellite systems (2003)

Abstract This paper proposes a Time‐based Channel Reservation Algorithm (TCRA) suitable for managing handover and call admission control procedures in future mobile satellite systems. These systems are characterized by a high rate of handover attempts which can degrade significantly their performance. Therefore, we propose TCRA, a scheme which guarantees a null handover failure probability by managing the channel through a reservation strategy in the cells to be crossed by the user. Based on the feature that the satellite motion is predictable and deterministic, the scheme tries to maximize the channel utilization and enables the system to handle the most important number of users. The performance of the TCRA scheme has been examined by simulations and compared to the Guaranteed Handover (GH) scheme. The results show the behaviour of the algorithm and its performance. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of 4,4- and 5,5-disubstituted 4,5-dihydro-6H-canthin-6-ones (1982)

The paper describes regiospecific synthesis of 4,4- and 5,5-disubstituted 4,5-dihydro-6 H -canthin-6-ones III and XVIII , starting from half-esters of 2,3-disubstituted succinic acids, V and XIV . The formation of the anomalous 5,5-disubstituted canthin-4,6-diones XVII is ascribed to oxidation of the intermediate XIX . The 1 H NMR spectra of the compounds prepared are discussed.
Frequency-triggered circuit transition in organic light-emitting diodes probed by impedance spectroscopy (2023)

Broad-band impedance spectroscopy and equivalent-circuit modeling reveal the emergence of frequency-triggered internal circuit transitions in high-performance organic light-emitting diodes.
Pharmacological characteristics of liriodenine, isolated from Fissistigma glaucescens, a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist in guinea‐pigs (1994)

1. The pharmacological activities of liriodenine, isolated from Fissistigma glaucescens, were determined in isolated trachea, ileum and cardiac tissues of guinea-pigs. 2. Liriodenine was found to be a muscarinic receptor antagonist in guinea-pig trachea as revealed by its competitive antagonism of carbachol (pA2 = 6.22 +/- 0.08)-induced smooth muscle contraction. It was slightly more potent than methoctramine (pA2 = 5.92 +/- 0.05), but was less potent than atropine (pA2 = 8.93 +/- 0.07), pirenzepine (pA2 = 7.02 +/- 0.09) and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP, pA2 = 8.72 +/- 0.07). 3. Liriodenine was also a muscarinic antagonist in guinea-pig ileum (pA2 = 6.36 +/- 0.10) with a pA2 value that closely resembled that obtained in the trachea. 4. Liriodenine was 10 fold less potent in atrial preparations (left atria, pA2 = 5.24 +/- 0.04; right atria, pA2 = 5.35 +/- 0.09 and 5.28 +/- 0.07 for inotropic and chronotropic effects, respectively) than in smooth muscle preparations. 5. High concentration of liriodenine (300 microM) partially depressed the contractions induced by U-46619, histamine, prostaglandin F2 alpha, neurokinin A, leukotriene C4 and high K+ in the guinea-pig trachea. The inhibitions were characterized by a rightward shift in the concentration-response curves with suppression of their maximal contraction. 6. High concentration of liriodenine (300 microM) did not affect U-46619- or neurokinin A-induced tracheal contraction in the presence of nifedipine (1 microM) or in Ca(2+)-free (containing 0.2 mM EGTA) medium. 7. Neither cyclic AMP nor cyclic GMP content of guinea-pig trachealis was changed by liriodenine (30-300 microM). 8. It is concluded that liriodenine is a selective muscarinic receptor antagonist in isolated trachea, ileum and cardiac tissues of guinea-pigs. It is more potent in smooth muscle than in cardiac preparations. It also acts as a blocker of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels at a high concentration (300 microM).
Sparse Multi-Modal Hashing (2013)

Learning hash functions across heterogenous high-dimensional features is very desirable for many applications involving multi-modal data objects. In this paper, we propose an approach to obtain the sparse codesets for the data objects across different modalities via joint multi-modal dictionary learning, which we call sparse multi-modal hashing (abbreviated as <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SM}^{2}{\rm H}$</tex></formula> ). In <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SM}^{2}{\rm H}$</tex></formula> , both intra-modality similarity and inter-modality similarity are first modeled by a hypergraph, then multi-modal dictionaries are jointly learned by Hypergraph Laplacian sparse coding. Based on the learned dictionaries, the sparse codeset of each data object is acquired and conducted for multi-modal approximate nearest neighbor retrieval using a sensitive Jaccard metric. The experimental results show that <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SM}^{2}{\rm H}$</tex></formula> outperforms other methods in terms of mAP and Percentage on two real-world data sets.
Biomimetiniai (metil)naftochinono omega-merkapto darinių savitvarkiai monosluoksniai ant aukso ir sidabro paviršių: elektrocheminiai ir spektroskopiniai redokso virsmų ir struktūros tyrimai (2010)

Sintezuotas didelis rinkinys naujų biomimetinių 1,4-naftochinono merkapto darinių, besiskiriančių šoninės grandinės ilgiu ir įterptomis funkcinėmis grupėmis. Jų savitvarkių monosluoksnių ant aukso ir sidabro paviršių struktūra ir redokso virsmai ištirti ciklinės voltamperometrijos ir paviršiaus sustiprintos Ramano spektroskopijos metodais. Ištirta monosluoksnio paviršinės koncentracijos ir kitų parametrų priklausomybė nuo modifikacinių tirpalų koncentracijos. Palyginti mišrūs 1,4-naftochinono darinių ir skirtingų alkantiolių, neturinčių redokso aktyvumo, monosluoksniai.
Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles with Variable Grafting Densities for High Energy Density Polymeric Nanocomposite Dielectric Capacitors (2023)

Designing high energy density dielectric capacitors for advanced energy storage systems needs nanocomposite-based dielectric materials, which can utilize the properties of both inorganic and polymeric materials. Polymer-grafted nanoparticle (PGNP)-based nanocomposites alleviate the problems of poor nanocomposite properties by providing synergistic control over nanoparticle and polymer properties. Here, we synthesize "core-shell" barium titanate-poly(methyl methacrylate) (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-PMMA) grafted PGNPs using surface-initiated atom transfer polymerization (SI-ATRP) with variable grafting densities of (0.303 to 0.929) chains/nm<sup>2</sup> and high molecular masses (97700 g/mL to 130000 g/mol) and observe that low grafted density and high molecular mass based PGNP show high permittivity, high dielectric strength, and hence higher energy densities (≈ 5.2 J/cm<sup>3</sup>) as compared to the higher grafted density PGNPs, presumably due to their "star-polymer"-like conformations with higher chain-end densities that are known to enhance breakdown. Nonetheless, these energy densities are an order of magnitude higher than their nanocomposite blend counterparts. We expect that these PGNPs can be readily used as commercial dielectric capacitors, and these findings can serve as guiding principles for developing tunable high energy density energy storage devices using PGNP systems.
International randomised controlled trial of patient triggered ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (2000)

There was no observed benefit from the use of PTV, with a trend towards a higher rate of pneumothorax under 28 weeks of gestation. Although PTV has a similar outcome to IMV for treatment of RDS in infants of 28 weeks or more gestation, within 72 hours of birth, it was abandoned more often. It cannot be recommended for infants of less than 28 weeks' gestation with the ventilators used in this study.
Identification of Aerial Objects during Detection and Tracking by the All-Atmosphere Radar (2022)

The paper investigates laws and ways to improve the efficiency of identification of objects with a rational selection of algorithms filtering their motion routes in the modes of detection and tracking by the all-atmosphere radar.
A Novel Interaction Between Interferon-Inducible Protein p56 and Ribosomal Protein L15 in Gastric Cancer Cells (2011)

Type I interferons (IFNs) are potent inducers of antiviral and antiproliferative activities in vertebrates. IFNs cause activation of genes encoding antiviral proteins, such as p56 from the IFN-stimulated gene family. There are six tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs located at the N-terminal sequence of p56. Since TPR motifs are known to participate in protein-protein interactions, p56 may associate with various large protein complexes to modify their functions. Using a T7 phage display library, we identified ribosomal protein L15 (RPL15) as a novel interacting partner of p56. The p56-RPL15 interaction was confirmed by pull-down assays. Overexpression of p56 exhibited strong inhibition on the growth of RPL15-overexpressing cancer cells. Small interfering RNA targeting RPL15 not only reduced the growth rate of gastric cancer cells but also sensitized these cells to type I IFN-induced proliferative inhibition. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we also mapped the TPRs 1-4 of p56 as crucial domains to interact with RPL15. Taken together, our results demonstrated a novel interaction between p56 and RPL15. Differential regulation of p56 and RPL15 expression contributes to the antiproliferative capacity on gastric cancer cells, and further elucidation of their interaction may facilitate the development of new anticancer regimens.
Tunable Flexibility and Porosity of the Metal–Organic Framework DUT-49 through Postsynthetic Metal Exchange (2020)

As a prominent and representative example of flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), DUT-49(Cu) has gained attention due to the unique phenomenon of negative gas adsorption (NGA), originating from an unprecedented structural contraction during the gas adsorption. Herein, postsynthetic metal exchange is demonstrated to afford DUT-49 frameworks with a wide variety of metal cations, e.g., Mn<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Cd<sup>2+</sup>. The single-crystal-to-single-crystal conversion allowed characterization of the new MOFs by single crystal X-ray diffraction, indicating identical structure and topology compared with that of previously explored DUT-49(Cu) framework. This approach is proven successful in achieving Mn-Mn and Cd-Cd dimers, which are rare examples of M-M paddle-wheel SBUs. The relative stability and flexibility of the resulted frameworks are observed to be highly sensitive to the metal ion of the framework, following the trends predicted by the Irving-Williams series. DUT-49(Ni) was recognized as a second material from the DUT-49 series showing adsorption-induced transitions. A sequential increase in framework flexibility from rigid to flexible and from flexible to NGA has been achieved through selective incorporation of metal centers into the structure. Finally, heterometallic structures are formed by selective and controlled exchange of metal ions to finely tune the flexibility and NGA phenomenon of the framework.
Efficient SIMD optimization for media processors (2008)

Single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions are often implemented in modern media processors. Although SIMD instructions are useful in multimedia applications, most compilers do not have good support for SIMD instructions. This paper focuses on SIMD instructions generation for media processors. We present an efficient code optimization approach that is integrated into a retargetable C compiler. SIMD instructions are generated by finding and combining the same operations in programs. Experimental results for the UltraSPARC VIS instruction set show that a speedup factor up to 2.639 is obtained.
Reliability of salivary testosterone measurements: a multicenter evaluation (1995)

The reliability of salivary testosterone assays was evaluated by nine laboratories in four countries. Each laboratory used its own RIA procedures to assay samples from a set of 100 male and 100 female subjects. Agreement among the laboratories on mean scores was within the range reported by Read (Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993; 694: 161-76). Overall agreement on individual scores, as indicated by the intraclass correlation coefficient computed within subjects across laboratories, was r = 0.87 for men and r = 0.78 for women. Mean agreement between each laboratory and the combined set of all other laboratories (via Fisher's Z-transformation) was r = 0.61 for men and r = 0.58 for women. We take these latter values to be the best estimates of the average reliability of laboratories in their ordering of individual samples.
Supplementary Table 1 from Microfluidic-Based Multiplex qRT-PCR Identifies Diagnostic and Prognostic microRNA Signatures in the Sera of Prostate Cancer Patients (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Microfluidic-Based Multiplex qRT-PCR Identifies Diagnostic and Prognostic microRNA Signatures in the Sera of Prostate Cancer Patients
Volatilization of fenpropimorph and clopyralid after spraying onto a sugar beet crop (1997)

Volatilization rates of pesticides were measured with two micrometeorological methods. For fenpropimorph, the highest rates (1.3-3.0% per hour) were measured in the first hours after application. The rate gradually declined to less than 0.01% per houron the sixth day. Clopyralid had much lower volatilization rates. They were highest (0.1% per hour) on the day after the day of application and declined below the detection limit (less than 0.01% per hour) on the sixth day after application. Rates calculated with the aerodynamic method were slightly higher than those calculated with the Bowen ratio.
Neuroendocrine factors distinguish juvenile psychopathy variants (2016)

The characteristic pattern of emotional hypo-reactivity observed in primary psychopathy is not evident in secondary psychopathy, which is thought to originate from childhood adversity and co-occurring anxiety. The main aim of this study was to test whether salivary afternoon cortisol, Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and cortisol-to-DHEA concentrations, which at high levels indicate risk for chronic stress and poor mental health, distinguished secondary from primary variants of callous-unemotional (CU) traits-the affective component of psychopathy. This aim was achieved by first identifying psychopathy variants using latent profile analysis of CU, anxiety, and aggression scores among 232 incarcerated adolescent boys (M age = 16.75). Based on a subset with neuroendocrine data (n = 201), aggressive secondary CU variants had lower afternoon DHEA concentrations and higher cortisol-to-DHEA ratios and comorbid psychopathology compared with all other groups. In contrast, two primary CU variants (aggressive and non-aggressive types) emerged with profiles characterized by low to average psychopathology and high DHEA levels. Findings contribute to a growing literature base suggesting that biomarkers may distinguish youth on separable developmental pathways to psychopathy.
In vitro effects of oxpentifylline on inflammatory cytokine release in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. (1997)

PTX or more potent related compounds may represent a new family of cytokine inhibitors, potentially interesting for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.