gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on HPLC-MS Total Ionic Chromatographic Fingerprints of Radix astragali (2006)

OBJECTIVE To establish an evaluation method of Radix astragali by HPLC-MS total ionic chromatographic fingerprints.METHODS The conditions of experiment were confirmed and the validation of the method was also tested.The separation was performed on an agilent zorbax SB C_(l8) column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with a gradient elution.The mobile phase consisted of A(ACN) and B(H_(2)O).The gradient elution,flow speed was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).The temperature of column was room temperature,inject volume was 10 μL.The atmosphere pressure ionization-electrospray was used with negative scan mode.The flow rate drying gas(N_(2)) was 9.0 L·min~(-1),nebulizer pressure was 206.7 kPa,drying gas temperature was 350 ℃, fragment voltage was 110 V,capillary voltage was 3 500 V.Radix astragali was extracted by ultrasonic method for 30 min with methanol.The chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed with similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM(A edition) that issued by committee of national pharmacopoeia.RESULTS HPLC-MS total ionic chromatographic fingerprints of Radix astragali showed good stability,precision and reproducibility.The RSDs of relative retention of times and peak areas were less than 4.5%,13 common peaks were demarcated and the results of similarity calculation were more than 0.94.CONCLUSION The study is helpful for the quality control of Radix astragali,also can effectively distinguish Radix astragali from other samples.
Universal computer control systems (UCCS) for space telerobots (2005)

A space telerobot system may contain forty or more motors under computer control. A Universal Computer Control System (UCCS) is under development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for all motor elements of a space telerobot. The basic hardware architecture and software design of UCCS are described together with the rich motor sensing, control and self-test capabilities of this new all-computerized motor control system. UCCS is integrated into a multibus computer environment with direct interface to higher level control processors, uses PWM power amplifiers, and one unit can control up to sixteen different motors simultaneously at a high I/O rate. UCCS performance capabilities are illustrated by a few data. UCCS is now used with customized software at JPL for telerobot research, development and future demonstrations.
Using local 3D structure for segmentation of bone from computer tomography images (2002)

In this paper we focus on using local 3D structure for segmentation. A tensor descriptor is estimated for each neighbourhood, i.e. for each voxel in the data set. The tensors are created from a combination of the outputs form a set of 3D quadrature filters. The shape of the tensors describe locally the structure of the neighbourhood in terms of how much it is like a plane, a line, and a sphere. We apply this to segmentation of bone from Computer Tomography data (CT). Traditional methods are based purely on gray-level value discrimination and have difficulties in recovering thin bone structures due to so called partial voluming, a problem which is present in all such sampled data. We illuminate the partial voluming problem by showing that thresholding creates complicated artifacts even if the signal is densely enough sampled and can be perfectly reconstructed. The unwanted effects of thresholding can be reduced by a change of the signal basis. We show that by using additional local structure information can significantly reduce the degree of sampling artifacts. Evaluation of the method on a clinical case is presented, the segmentation of a human skull from a CT volume. The method shows that many of the thin bone structures which disappear in a pure thresholding can be recovered.
The mouse int-2 gene exhibits basic fibroblast growth factor activity in a basic fibroblast growth factor-responsive cell line. (1990)

The int-2 protein is related to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by amino acid sequence homology. To assess its biological activity, we constructed retroviral vectors containing four variants of mouse int-2 complementary DNA under the transcriptional control of the beta-actin promoter and tested their effects on human SW13 adrenal cortical tumor cells. This cell line specifically requires bFGF, interleukin 1, or transforming growth factor e for anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. Despite encoding a signal sequence that should direct the protein to the secretory pathway, vectors containing unmodified int-2 complementary DNA, or a form optimized for translation initiation at the AUG codon, were incapable of inducing SW13 growth in soft agar. However, SW13 transfectants expressing a construct (pSP1), in which a mouse immunoglobulin signal peptide sequence is linked to the int-2 coding sequences, grew well in soft agar. The concentrated conditioned medium from these pSP1-transfected cells supported anchorage-independent growth of SW13 indicator cells and competed with bFGF for binding to receptors. Western blot analysis with an int-2-specific antiserum detected Mr 30,000-32,000 int-2 products in cell extracts and conditioned medium from pSP1-transfected clones, whereas the conditioned medium from these and other SW13 clones contained only low levels of bFGF as measured in a specific radioimmunoassay. These data suggest that the product of the int-2 gene can functionally replace bFGF in modulating the anchorage-independent growth of SW13 cells.
A broadband compact 1×3 power splitter designed with inverse design method (2016)

We demonstrate a broadband 1×3 power splitter based on inverse design, with a compact footprint of 2.8 × 2.8μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and a power ratio of 25%:50%:25% at 1550nm. The insertion losses and ratio variations are less than 0.49dB and 4.4% in wavelength range from 1500nm to 1600nm, respectively. Further investigations show that the separated structure can be removed without degrading the performance of the splitter.
Autoencoder Matrix Completion Based Indoor Localization (2020)

The widespread of mobile devices facilitated the of many new applications that provide services based on user's location. Several techniques have been presented to enable such a service even in indoor environments where Global Positioning System (GPS) has low localization accuracy. These methods use some environment measurements. The most popular are using Received Signal Strength (RSS) for user location estimation. Due to the propagation conditions in indoor environment, the RSS methods suffer from missing data problem where the RSS can be below the sensitivity of some receivers. To overcome this problem, we propose in this paper an RSS matrix completion strategy based on an autoencoder algorithm as a preprocessing step. This latter exhibits a good performance in data denoising problems and can be applied for matrix completion purpose. A neural network is then used on the recovered RSS matrix to estimate a user's position. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in a simulated environment and compared with traditional method of matrix completion based on the gradient descend algorithm and its variant. The results show the outperformances of our system of between 1 and 3 meters gain on localization error.
A Novel Chaos-based Light-weight Image Encryption Scheme for Multi-modal Hearing Aids (2022)

Multimodal hearing aids (HAs) aim to deliver more intelligible audio in noisy environments by contextually sensing and processing data in the form of not only audio but also visual information (e.g. lip reading). Machine learning techniques can play a pivotal role for the contextual processing of multimodal data, however, due to the low computational power of the HA devices, the data must be processed either on the edge or cloud which, in turn, poses privacy concerns for the users' sensitive data. Existing literature proposes several techniques for data encryption but their computational complexity is a major bottleneck to meet strict latency requirements for the development of future multi-modal hearing aids. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a novel real-time audio/visual data encryption scheme based on chaos-based encryption using the Tangent-Delay Ellipse Reflecting Cavity-Map System (TD-ERCS) and Non-linear Chaotic (NCA) Algorithms. The results achieved against different security analysis parameters such as Correlation Coefficient, Unified Averaged Changed Intensity (UACI), Key Sensitivity Analysis, Number of Changing Pixel Rate (NPCR), Mean-Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Entropy test, and Chi-test, indicate that the proposed scheme is more secure with increased key-space against modern brute-force attacks and lightweight as compared to existing schemes.
Variations in HIV-1 pol gene associated with reduced sensitivity to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive patients (1998)

Very few pre-existing mutations to RTI were found, suggesting that the transmission of RT-resistant strains is still uncommon. However, about two-thirds of the patients had one or more mutations associated with resistance to protease inhibitors. In addition, at some amino-acid positions up to almost half of the patients carried variations claimed to contribute to protease inhibitor resistance. Most of these mutations are likely to reflect the natural polymorphism of the protease. Their impact on the long-term effect of antiretroviral treatment should be evaluated in future studies.
Optimizing antenna configuration for MIMO systems with imperfect channel estimation (2009)

We study the optimal antenna configuration (i.e. number of transmit and receive antennas) for multiple-input multiple-output systems in pilot-symbol-assisted modulation schemes with imperfect channel estimation. We assume block flat-fading channels and focus on a practical range of high signal-to-noise ratio. An ergodic capacity lower bound is used as the objective function to be maximized. We analytically study the capacity gain from adding extra antennas to the transmitter or to the receiver in two different scenarios. Our numerical results show that the optimal antenna configuration under imperfect channel estimation can be significantly different from that under perfect channel estimation assumption. In addition, we investigate the capacity gain from optimizing antenna configuration and find that the gain can be larger than that achieved by optimizing transmit power over pilot and data symbols, particularly for large block lengths.
Preparation of Ultrasmooth Surfaces (1986)

This article reviews published data on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic materials. The additive manufacturing techniques utilized to generate samples covered in this review include powder bed fusion (e.g., EBM, SLM, DMLS) and ...Read More
Abstract 751: Preclinical efficacy of the novel PIM inhibitor, JP_11646, in pancreatic cancer (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often first diagnosed at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Current systemic treatment approaches have limited efficacy, pointing to an urgent need to develop novel therapies. Recent studies have shown that inhibition of Pim-2 activity via JP_11646, a novel pan-PIM inhibitor, resulted in decreased anchorage-independent growth of PDAC. The aim of this work is to examine the ability of JP_11646 alone and in combination with gemcitabine to inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability was assessed using the MTS assay in two pancreatic cancer cell lines, MiaPaCa2 and PANC1. Cells were seeded at an average of 5x103 per well on 96-well plates and exposed to JP_11646 in a range of concentrations (0.01 - 5 µM) for 72 hours. Exposure to JP_11646 inhibited PANC1 and MiaPaCa2 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 0.15 µM and 0.054 µM, respectively. For in vivo experiments, SCID mice were implanted subcutaneously with 3x 106 MiaPaCa2 cells. Upon successful establishment of tumors (approximately 100 mm3), animals were randomly divided into groups for drug and control treatments. JP_11646 was given at 5 or 10 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection (i.p. injection) once a day for 5 consecutive days from Monday to Friday for a total of six weeks. Gemcitabine i.p. was given at 45 mg/kg in combination treatment or 90 mg/kg as a single agent twice a week every Monday and Friday for a total of six weeks. In a dose-dependent manner, JP_11646 at 5 and 10 mg/kg significantly suppressed the growth of the pancreatic xenograft by 36% and 77% respectively, compare with control PBS treatment in SCID mice. Moreover, the combination of JP-11646 5 mg/kg and gemcitabine 45 mg/kg resulted in a greater tumor inhibition (83%) than either single agent alone [JP_11646 5 mg/kg (36%) or gemcitabine 90 mg/kg (69%)]. Taken together, our results suggest that JP_11646 is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic cancer growth with equivalent efficacy to the maximum tolerated dose of gemcitabine, and is synergistic in combination with gemcitabine. Citation Format: Yi Ding, Vun-Sin Lim, Carmen M. Baldino, Justin Caserta, Yvonne Flanders, Stephane Dumas, Gerald Fetterly, Alex A. Adjei. Preclinical efficacy of the novel PIM inhibitor, JP_11646, in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 751. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-751
Real world outcomes of minimally invasive epicardial surgical left atrial appendage exclusion in atrial fibrillation patients with high risk of stroke and bleeding (2022)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): AtriCure, Inc Introduction The left atrial appendage (LAA) is the site of thrombus formation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and first line therapy for reducing the risk of stroke is oral anticoagulation (OACs). A subset of patients with AF carry a very high risk of stroke and bleeding and are ineligible for OAC and percutaneous LAA occlusion; these patients may be suitable for minimally invasive thoracoscopic epicardial surgical LAA exclusion (LAAE) which can be used with a wide variety of LAA morphologies with a ~98% rate of complete exclusion. While use of LAAE is well studied as a concomitant procedure, there are relatively few data on its use as a stand-alone procedure. Purpose To compare real-world outcomes of LAAE versus no-LAAE in AF patients at high risk of stroke and bleeding who are not on OACs. Methods We performed an analysis of Medicare beneficiaries with AF who were not on OACs and received LAAE (ICD10-PCS code 02L74CK, Oct 2015 – Dec 31, 2017) in the absence of a concomitant surgical or catheter AF ablation procedure. Patients were propensity-matched (1:4) to otherwise similar patients who did not receive LAAE (control), using age, gender, race, region, AF type, CHA2DS2-VASc, HAS-BLED, and co-morbidities. The primary endpoint was hospital readmission for a thromboembolic event (ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, or transient ischemic attack). Kaplan Meier event rates were calculated and 95% CI were generated via bootstrapping. Results A total of 243 patients who underwent LAAE and 1.7M control patients met study criteria. In the matched cohort, the mean age was 75 years, 61% were men, 77% had non-paroxysmal AF, and the mean CHADS2-VASC and HAS-BLED scores were 5.5 and 4.2, respectively. The 1-year rate of thromboembolism in the LAAE and control arms were 7.3% (95% CI 4.3% -10.9%) and 13.6 (95% CI 11.0% -16.4%) (Figure), respectively, with an absolute and relative risk reduction of 6.2% (95% CI 2.0-10.3, p-value=0.001, NNT 17) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.29-0.68, p=0.001). Conclusion Among high-risk AF patients who were not on OAC, LAAE was associated with a clinically meaningful and significantly lower risk of TE. Additional studies are needed to confirm these finding.
Two-dimensional electrophoresis map of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HCC-M, and identification of the separated proteins by mass spectrometry (2000)

Currently, one of the most popular applications of proteomics is in the area of cancer research. In Africa, Southeast Asia, and China, hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers, occurring as one of the top five cancers in frequency. This project was initiated with the purpose of separating and identifying the proteins of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HCC-M. After two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separation, silver staining, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses, tryptic peptide masses were searched for matches in the SWISS-PROT and NCBI nonredundant databases. Approximately 400 spots were analyzed using this approach. Among the proteins identified were housekeeping proteins such as alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha-enolase, asparagine synthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase. In addition, we also identified proteins with expression patterns that have been postulated to be related to the process of carcinogenesis. These include 14-3-3 protein, annexin, prohibitin, and thioredoxin peroxidase. This study of the HCC-M proteome, coupled with similar proteome analyses of normal liver tissues, tumors, and other hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, represents the first step towards the establishment of protein databases, which are valuable resources in studies on the differential protein expressions of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
Acetylation of the Adenovirus-transforming Protein E1A Determines Nuclear Localization by Disrupting Association with Importin-α (2002)

Posttranslational modifications may alter the biochemical functions of a protein by modifying associations with other macromolecules, allosterically altering intrinsic catalytic activities, or determining subcellular localization. The adenovirus-transforming protein E1A is acetylated by its cellular targets, the co-activators CREB-binding protein, p300, and p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor in vitro and also in vivo at a single lysine residue (Lys(239)) within a multifunctional carboxyl-terminal domain necessary for both nuclear localization and interaction with the transcriptional co-repressor carboxyl-terminal binding protein (CtBP). In contrast to a previous report, we demonstrate that acetylation of Lys(239) does not disrupt CtBP binding and that 12 S E1A-mediated repression of CREB-binding protein-dependent transcription does not require recruitment of CtBP. Instead we find that the cytoplasmic fraction of E1-transformed 293 cells is enriched for acetylated E1A with relative exclusion from the nuclear compartment. Whereas wild type 12 S E1A binds importin-alpha 3, binding affinity was markedly reduced both by single amino acid substitution mutations and acetylation at Lys(239). This is the first demonstration that acetylation may alter nuclear partitioning by direct interference with nuclear import receptor recognition. The finding that the cytoplasmic fraction of E1A is acetylated indicates that E1A may exert its pleiotropic effects on cellular transformation in part by affecting cytoplasmic processes.
Separation of fatty acid esters from cholesterol in esterified natural and synthetic mixtures by supercritical carbon dioxide (1991)

The solubility of cholesterol in supercritical carbon dioxide was determined by a continuous flow method. The solubility of cholesterol increased with increasing pressure and exhibited retrograde behavior. The Chrastil equation was used to describe the relationship between solubility and the density of carbon dioxide. A model mixture was made by adding cholesterol and fatty acid esters together. Squid visceral oil was esterified as the feed material. Both the model mixture and esterified squid visceral oil were extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide. The experimental results showed that cholesterol could be removed from a model mixture and from esterified squid visceral oil at low pressure (1500 psig) and high temperature (328.2°K). Under these conditions, cholesterol content in the extract was reduced from 2867 mg/100 g to 14.1 mg/100 g.
ChemInform Abstract: A Structural Study of the Complexation of the Sodium Ion by the Cryptands 4,7,13,18‐Tetraoxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo[8.5.5]icosane and 4,7,13‐Trioxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo[8.5.5]icosane. (1986)

Abstract The complexes (II) were prepared by dissolving equimolar amounts of NaSCN and the cryptand in dry MeOH and evaporating to dryness.
National Cancer Institute Support for Targeted Alpha-Emitter Therapy (2021)

Abstract Radiopharmaceutical targeted therapy (RPT) has been studied for decades, however, recent clinical trials demonstrating efficacy has helped renew interest in the modality. Recognizing the potential, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has co-organized workshops and organized interest groups on RPT and RPT dosimetry to encourage the community and facilitate rigorous preclinical and clinical studies. NCI has been supporting RPT research through various mechanisms. Research has been funded through peer reviewed NCI Research and Program Grants (RPG) and NCI Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Development Center, which funds small business-initiated projects, some of which have led to clinical trials. The NCI Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP)’s Radiopharmaceutical Development Initiative supports RPT in NCI-funded clinical trials, including Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) expertise in imaging QA and dosimetry procedures. Preclinical targeted a-emitter therapy (TAT) research at the NCI’s intramural program is ongoing, building on foundational work dating back to the 1980s. Ongoing “Bench-to-bedside” efforts leverage the unique infrastructure of the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) Clinical Center. Given the great potential of RPT, our goal is to continue to encourage its development that will generate the high quality evidence needed to bring this multidisciplinary treatment to patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Research and Future Perspectives of Phytase Bioprocessing. (2014)

Abstract Review: 133 refs.
Comparison of clinical and experimental uveitis (1990)

Uveitis is a term which encompasses many clinical syndromes which would appear to be discrete entities. Both clinically and experimentally, the separation of uveitis affecting only the anterior segment from that affecting the posterior segment has a sound pathogenetic basis. However, clear distinctions among the various forms of endogenous posterior uveitis are more difficult to maintain in the light of evidence from experimental models of autoimmune uveitis (EAU). EAU can be induced by a variety of retinal antigens and each antigen has been shown to induce somewhat different forms of EAU, depending on such factors as dose of antigen, species and strains of animal model, and the type(s) of adjuvant used. However, within each model a similar spectrum of uveoretinal responses can be induced by each antigen suggesting that the pathogenetic mechanisms are probably similar also. In addition, if these models are analogous to human disease, then each clinical entity within this apparently heterogeneous group of clinical posterior uveitis syndromes may represent one aspect of a general organ-specific uveoretinal response to autoantigens.
A New Mode of Activation of CO2 by Metal–Ligand Cooperation with Reversible CC and MO Bond Formation at Ambient Temperature (2012)

Team work: Although CO(2) binding to metal centers usually involves π coordination to a C=O group or σ bonds to the carbon or oxygen atom of the CO(2) molecule, a new mode of metal-ligand cooperative activation of CO(2) to a ruthenium PNP pincer complex involving aromatization/dearomatization steps is presented in experimental and theoretical studies (see scheme).