gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predominant Th1 cytokines in seronegative, aviremic children who exhibit HCV-specific cell-mediated immune response (2013)

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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Reduction of KLF2 Is Due to Inhibition of MEF2 by NF-κB and Histone Deacetylases (2005)

Activation of the endothelium by inflammatory cytokines is a key event in the pathogenesis of vascular disease states. Proinflammatory cytokines repress the expression of KLF2, a recently identified transcriptional inhibitor of the cytokine-mediated activation of endothelial cells. In this study the molecular basis for the cytokine-mediated inhibition of KLF2 is elucidated. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) potently inhibited KLF2 expression. This effect was completely abrogated by a constitutively active form of IkappaBalpha, as well as treatment with trichostatin A, implicating a role for the NF-kappaB pathway and histone deacetylases. Overexpression studies coupled with observations with p50/p65 null cells support an essential role for p65. A combination of promoter deletion and mutational analyses, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, and co-immunoprecipitation studies indicates that p65 and histone deacetylases 4 cooperate to inhibit the ability of MEF2 factors to induce the KLF2 promoter. These studies identify a novel mechanism by which TNF-alpha can inhibit endothelial gene expression. Furthermore, the inhibition of MEF2 function by p65 and HDAC4 has implications for other cellular systems where these factors are operative.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting through Bismuth Vanadate with a Photon Upconversion Luminescent Reflector (2019)

Abstract As the performance of photoanodes for solar water splitting steadily improves, the extension of the absorption wavelength in the photoanodes is highly necessary to substantially improve the water splitting. We use a luminescent back reflector (LBR) capable of photon upconversion (UC) to improve the light harvesting capabilities of Mo:BiVO 4 photoelectrodes. The LBR is prepared by dispersing the organic dye pair meso ‐tetraphenyltetrabenzoporphine palladium and perylene capable of triplet–triplet annhilation‐based UC in a polymer film. The LBR converts the wavelengths of 600–650 nm corresponding to the sub‐band gap of Mo:BiVO 4 and the wavelengths of 350–450 nm that are not sufficiently absorbed in Mo:BiVO 4 to a wavelength that can be absorbed by a Mo:BiVO 4 photoelectrode. The LBR improves the water splitting reaction of Mo:BiVO 4 photoelectrodes by 17 %, and consequently, the Mo:BiVO 4 /LBR exhibits a photocurrent density of 5.25 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. The Mo:BiVO 4 /LBR exhibits hydrogen/oxygen evolution corresponding to the increased photocurrent density and long‐term operational stability for the water splitting reaction.
Mechanistic modeling of ophthalmic, nasal, injectable, and implant generic drug products: A workshop summary report (2023)

For approval, a proposed generic drug product must demonstrate it is bioequivalent (BE) to the reference listed drug product. For locally acting drug products, conventional BE approaches may not be feasible because measurements in local tissues at the sites of action are often impractical, unethical, or cost-prohibitive. Mechanistic modeling approaches, such as physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, may integrate information from drug product properties and human physiology to predict drug concentrations in these local tissues. This may allow clinical relevance determination of critical drug product attributes for BE assessment during the development of generic drug products. In this regard, the Office of Generic Drugs of the US Food and Drug Administration has recently established scientific research programs to accelerate the development and assessment of generic products by utilizing model-integrated alternative BE approaches. This report summarizes the presentations and panel discussion from a public workshop that provided research updates and information on the current state of the use of PBPK modeling approaches to support generic product development for ophthalmic, injectable, nasal, and implant drug products.
Development of an Allele-Specific Minimal Residual Disease Assay for Patients with Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia-Moving beyond Clinical Assessment. (2006)

Abstract Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is an aggressive myeloproliferative disorder of childhood characterized by a high frequency of somatic mutations in NRAS, KRAS2, or PTPN11 genes as well as LOH of the NF1 allele (mainly in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis). Activation of the Ras pathway is the biochemical consequence of these lesions. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only known curative treatment, with event-free survival (EFS) rates approaching 50–60%. Leukemia relapse still remains the main cause of treatment failure. Monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) before and after HSCT is challenging due to the lack of tractable molecular markers. We designed and validated a fluorescently based, allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay called TaqMAMA that can detect point mutations in eight of the most common RAS or PTPN11 mutations with a sensitivity of 1/1000 copies of the wildtype allele. We analyzed the peripheral blood (PB) and/or bone marrow (BM) in 22 patients for the levels of these mutant alleles at diagnosis and pre-HSCT. Eighteen of these patients had weekly-monthly PB and/or BM samples available after 21 HSCTs (3 children had second transplants). We compared the percentage of mutant DNA with rising levels of autologous cells measured by chimerism analysis after HSCT, which is the current surrogate marker used to detect relapse. Analysis of patients at initial diagnosis and pre-HSCT revealed a broad distribution of the frequency of the mutant alleles, regardless of the use or intensity of pre-HSCT chemotherapy. As shown in the table, levels of disease burden prior to HSCT were not predictive of relapse. After HSCT, the level of the mutant allele rose rapidly in patients who relapsed and correlated well with analysis of chimerism (r=0.86, p&lt;0.01), thus validating the assay. In addition, the concordance rate between 15 simultaneously obtained PB and BM samples was excellent in 13 of the pairs, with a maximum of a 3.7 fold difference at &lt; 1% of the mutant allele. In conclusion, patients with JMML harboring the most common Ras pathway mutations can now be monitored using an allele specific MRD assay. Most importantly, these assays can measure the frequency of mutant alleles in PB and provide a sensitive new strategy for MRD monitoring that can evaluate the molecular response to new therapeutic strategies for JMML. Median levels of mutant allele prior to HSCT Clinical Remission after HSCT Gene Mutation % Mutation with Therapy pre HSCT % Mutation with No Therapy pre HSCT Any Therapy No Therapy n Median n Median n n PTPN11 g226a 7 72.7 4 33.0 3 2 a227g 1 20.5 1 29.3 0 1 g214a 2 66.8 0 1 N/A g1508c 0 1 43.8 N/A 1 NRAS g38a 1 72.2 1 45.6 0 1 g37c 1 38.1 0 0 N/A KRAS g35a 1 9.6 0 1 N/A g38a 2 34.4 0 0 N/A
A novel type of bidirectional IPT with a dual-active seamless controlled single-ended converter for wireless V2H (2017)

This paper deals with attractive voltage-source single-ended sub-resonant high-frequency (HF) inverter as a simple wireless power transfer (WPT) based on unidirectional inductive power transfer (IPT) in addition to bidirectional HF converter as transmitter and receiver of WPT is developed for vehicle to home (V2H) smart energy management architecture. Firstly, the voltage source single-ended sub-resonant HF inverter using a single power switch is developed for unidirectional WPT with symmetrical circular coils. Secondary, the cost-effective bidirectional configuration based on voltage-source single-ended sub-resonant HF inverter-HF rectifier topology is demonstrated and discussed including working principle and operating performances from an experimental viewpoint. Thirdly, bidirectional WPT system with a dual-active seamless controlled voltage source single-ended sub-resonant HF converter for wireless V2H is proposed and tested. Finally, the practical effectiveness of bidirectional IPT based on dual-active seamless HF configuration principle is confirmed for electric vehicle to home (EV2H)/home to electric vehicle (H2EV) in smart energy utilizations.
A Simple Adaptive Coding Scheme for Multiuser Interference Suppression in Ultra-Wideband Radio Transmissions (2005)

In this letter, we introduce a simple co-decoding scheme for ultra wideband (UWB) impulse radio systems impaired by multiuser interference (MUI). The proposed scheme exhibits an adaptive capability with respect to MUI degrading effects and, depending on the MUI level, it may switch from a hard-detection operating mode to a soft-detection one. So doing, the presented scheme is able to gain resistance against near-far effects. Several numerical tests support the conclusion that the presented scheme outperforms conventional ones currently planned for noise-limited UWB systems up to orders of magnitude in MUI-limited application scenarios.
Chronic Cholestasis in A Young Man (1994)

In February 1989, a 32-yr-old man was found to have increased liver enzyme concentrations (ALT, 120 U/L; AST, 61 U/L; AP, 120 U/L) when his blood was screened for a life insurance application.He was otherwise healthy and had no risk factors for liver disease such as inflammatory bowel disease, prior blood transfusions, alcohol or intravenous drug abuse, exposure to sexually transmitted disease or contact with high-risk individuals.He had no tattoos.His family history was noncontributory.He was married and the father of two healthy children, 4 yr and 18 mo old; he owned and managed a pizza restaurant.After the initial examination in Saint Luke's Hospital of Kansas City, MO, he remained asymptomatic for 6 to 9 mo and then experienced several episodes of jaundice with mild-to-moderate pruritus.In January 1990, a percutaneous liver biopsy was performed.In February of that year, he was evaluated at the Mayo Clinic.Laboratory studies revealed the following findings: ALT, 585 U/L; AST, 222 U/L; AP, 1,195 U/L; bilirubin, 2.3 mg/dl total and 1.4 mg/dl direct; albumin, 4.0 gm/dl, prothrombin time, 11.3 sec, ceruloplasmin, 47.1 mg/dl; cholesterol, 384 mg/dl ( > 95th percentile); and triglycerides, 352 mg/dl ( > 95th percentile).a,-Antitrypsin phenotyping demonstrated a DM band not associated with deficiency.Serological tests for AMAs and ANAs, as well as tests for hepatitis A and B markers, were negative.An ultrasound study of the liver was normal; no evidence of cholelithiasis was noted, and the bile ducts appeared normal.ERCP demonstrated completely normal extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts.The cystic duct was normal, and there were no filling defects in the gallbladder.Colonoscopy with random rectal
Finger movement responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the dorsal skin of the human hand (1991)

1. The movement sensitivity of dorsal skin mechanoreceptors in the human hand was studied by the use of single afferent recording techniques. 2. Units were classified as slowly (SA) and fast adapting (FA) and further characterized by thresholds to vertical indentation and by receptive-field sizes. Whereas SA units were evenly distributed within the supply area of the superficial branch of the radial nerve. FA units were usually situated near joints. 3. The proportion of different receptor types (32% SAI, 32% SAII, 28% FAI, 8% FAII; n = 107) compared favorably with previous electrophysiological and anatomic data, arguing for minimal sampling bias. The majority of the skin mechanoreceptive units were SA, largely due to a relative scarcity of FAII [Pacinian corpuscles (PC)] units. 4. A large majority (92%) of the afferents responded to active hand or finger movements. Responses in all unit types were consistent with observed movement-induced deformations of their receptive fields. 5. FAI units responded bidirectionally, albeit usually with somewhat higher discharge frequencies for finger flexion, which in most cases were associated with skin stretch. FAI units showed meager responses to remote stimuli, typically responding to one or, at the most, two adjacent joints. 6. SA units typically showed simple directional responses to joint movements with an increased discharge during flexion and a reduced discharge during extension. Joint movement that influenced the skin within the receptive field of SA units elicited graded responses even if the field, as assessed by perpendicular indentations, was minute. This finding suggests that definition of cutaneous receptive fields by classical perpendicular indentations may be inappropriate for the receptors in the hairy, nonglabrous skin. 7. The interpretation of the data from these recordings suggests that cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the dorsal skin can provide the CNS with detailed kinematic information, at least for movements of the hand.
Performance Testing of Ammonia Scrubbing System (2005)

Accidental massive release of ammonia is extremely dangerous for both the environment and the health of those residing or working close to the release especially in a crowded city. Therefore means of mitigating or in the best case scenario containment of a release shall be a priority. A mobile ammonia scrubber was developed. The scrubbing system installed on a vehicle for easy access to the release site allows the recovery of all liquid and gas up to a 4MT storage tank. In this report, we discuss the ammonia effect on the characteristics of impregnated adsorbent. Its heat generation through the process of adsorption as well as its mass transfer during operation, which simulates an actual accident release.
THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL-POLYBASIC ACID REACTION. I. GLYCEROL-PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL-POLYBASIC ACID REACTION. I. GLYCEROL-PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDER. H. Kienle and A. G. HoveyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1929, 51, 2, 509–519Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01377a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01377a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views974Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Partnerships Between Podiatrists and Vascular Surgeons in Building Effective Wound Care Centers (2017)

This practice memo, a collaborative effort between the Young Physicians' Program of the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) and the Young Surgeons Committee of the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS), is intended to aid podiatrists and vascular surgeons in the early years of their respective careers, especially those involved in the care of patients with chronic wounds. During these formative years, learning how to successfully establish an inter-professional partnership is crucial in order to provide the best possible care to this important patient population.
Anticancer potential of algae-derived metabolites: recent updates and breakthroughs (2023)

Abstract Background Cancer is an increasing medical condition that poses a threat to worldwide populations, despite improvements in scientific research. For normal cancer treatment, a variety of chemotherapeutics, radiation, and medications are available; however, recurrent side effects and multi-drug resistance have limited treatment options and harmed our immune system. Marine algae are a promising source of novel components for the development of new complementary and alternative medications with anti-carcinogenic properties. Results In this review, we discussed several breakthrough studies on the anti-carcinogenic effects of several macro- and micro-algal components, demonstrating the inhibition of cancer cell development via multiple mechanisms. These components, often referred to as algal biopolymers, have been demonstrated to exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions and physical properties; as a result, they are used in pharmacological, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and microbiological applications in different sectors. Moreover, treatment of antimicrobial-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection-derived gastric cancer prevention may benefit from the use of algae in addition to standard antibiotics. Additionally, in recent years, it has been shown that algae have incredibly promising low-cost biomedical potentials as therapeutic applications for the treatment of cancer. Conclusion In recent years, several preclinical studies with the algal bioactive components in the field of novel drug discovery substituting synthetic drugs have been conducted. To demonstrate their potential anticancer actions on various cancerous signaling pathways and consequently reduce cancer, the enormous plasticity of these algae biopolymers has been intensively explored.
Anisatin: a Crystallographic, N.M.R. and Theoretical Conformation Study (1988)

The convulsant compound anisatin has been studied by 1H n.m.r ., and X- ray crystallography, to establish its molecular geometry. The n.m.r . measurements included an analysis of proton-proton vicinal coupling constants and saturation transfer experiments which monitored exchange of the hydroxy groups of anisatin. The former analysis was used to obtain a solution conformation via the Karplus equation while the latter experiments yield information on intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The experimental geometry is compared to that obtained by several theoretical methods, including MINDO/3, MNDO, AM1 and MM2. The AM1 optimized geometry was closest to that of the crystal structure.
Acute illnesses in children. A description and analysis of parents' perception of illness threat (1994)

"Worried" parents, without experience of children and children's illnesses, perceive the child's latest illness as a high illness threat. These families need special care.
Are two retrograde 3.5 mm screws superior to one 7.3 mm screw for anterior pelvic ring fixation in bones with low bone mineral density? (2017)

From a biomechanical point of view, pubic ramus stabilisation with either one large or two small fragment screw osteosynthesis is comparable in osteoporotic bone. However, the two-screw fixation technique is less demanding as the smaller screws deflect at the cortical margins.Cite this article: Y. P. Acklin, I. Zderic, S. Grechenig, R. G. Richards, P. Schmitz, B. Gueorguiev. Are two retrograde 3.5 mm screws superior to one 7.3 mm screw for anterior pelvic ring fixation in bones with low bone mineral density? Bone Joint Res 2017;6:8-13. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0261.
Heavy Load Queueing Analysis with LRD On/Off Sources (2000)

In this chapter, we evaluate the impact of long-range dependence on a single network element (multiplexer or router) of a data network, this element being modeled as a fluid queueing system. This chapter contains some preliminary notation and basic properties related to the on/off source model. We state and prove functional central limit theorems (CLTs) for the properly scaled input processes as the number of sources tends to infinity. These CLTs are used to derive general limiting upper and lower bounds for the stationary distribution of the queue content V0(N) under the heavy load condition. Then we address the impact of long-range dependence on these bounds, demonstrating their Weibullian behavior in this case and relating the present model to FBM as considered in Chapter 4.
A new polysilicon process for a bipolar device-PSA technology (1979)

A new polysilicon process has been developed to obtain high packing density, high speed, and low-power LSIs. The new process, called the polysilicon self-aligned (PSA) method is based on a new fabrication concept for dimensional reduction and does not require fine patterning and accurate mask alignment. For an application example of this new method, an ECL gate with 0.6 ns delay time, 0.5 pJ power-delay product, and 6400 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/ gate area has been achieved. Furthermore, by introducing a polysilicon diode (PSD) and Schottky barrier diode (SBD) to the PSA method, a low-power Schottky-diode-transistor-logic (SDTL) gate with 1.6 ns delay time, 0.8 pJ power-delay product, and 2000 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/ gate area has been successfully developed.
Increased Herbage Yield in Alfalfa Associated with Selection for Fibrous and Lateral Roots (2000)

A positive association between root morphology and herbage yield in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) has been reported previously. To further investigate this association, we created populations that differ in root morphology within four unrelated experimental germplasm sources. Two germplasm sources were divergently selected for lateral root number, and two sources underwent divergent selection for fibrous root mass followed by divergent selection for lateral root number. Selected and unselected populations from all germplasm sources were evaluated for herbage yield, root morphology, fall dormancy response, and disease resistance. Herbage yield was evaluated using eight replicates of a randomized complete block design with a split‐plot arrangement of fertilizer rates (0 and 200 kg N ha −1 ) as whole plots and alfalfa populations as subplots. Experiments were established twice at each of two locations in May 1994. Two herbage yield harvests were recorded from one experiment at each location, and plots were dug and evaluated for root traits in fall 1994. Herbage yields were taken from the other experiment at each location twice in 1994 and four times in 1995, and again plots were dug and evaluated for root traits in fall 1995. All populations were evaluated for fall dormancy response in 1994 and disease resistance in 1995 according to standard protocols. Populations selected for more fibrous or lateral roots had greater herbage yield than populations selected for no or few fibrous or lateral roots in all four germplasm sources. No differences in root size or weight, dormancy, or disease resistance were found between fibrous or branch‐rooted vs. taprooted populations. Selection for fibrous and lateral roots within these alfalfa germplasms increased herbage yield in the tested environments.