gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autism spectrum features in Smith–Magenis syndrome (2010)

Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS; OMIM 182290) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a well-defined pattern of anomalies. The majority of cases are due to a common deletion in chromosome 17p11.2 that includes the RAI1 gene. In children with SMS, autistic-like behaviors and symptoms start to emerge around 18 months of age. This study included 26 individuals (15 females and 11 males), with a confirmed deletion (del 17p11.2). Parents/caregivers were asked to complete the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) both current and lifetime versions. The results suggest that 90% of the sample had SRS scores consistent with autism spectrum disorders. Moreover, females showed more impairment in total T-scores (P = 0.02), in the social cognition (P = 0.01) and autistic mannerisms (P = 0.002) subscales. The SCQ scores are consistent to show that a majority of individuals may meet criteria for autism spectrum disorders at some point in their lifetime. These results suggest that SMS needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders but also that therapeutic interventions for autism are likely to benefit individuals with SMS. The mechanisms by which the deletion of RAI1 and contiguous genes cause psychopathology remain unknown but they provide a solid starting point for further studies of gene-brain-behavior interactions in SMS and autism spectrum disorders.
Prevention of apoptosis by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in the MCF-10A cell line: correlation with increased transforming growth factor alpha production. (2001)

We have recently reported that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) inhibits epidermal growth factor (EGF) withdrawal-induced apoptosis in the human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. We hypothesized that TCDD-mediated inhibition of apoptosis was due to its ability to stimulate the EGF receptor (EGFR) pathway. Indeed, in the present studies, the EGFR inhibitor AG1478 was able to prevent TCDD-, EGF-, and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha)-dependent cell recovery and inhibition of apoptosis. These effects were specific for an EGFR-mediated pathway because cotreatment with AG825, an erbB2 inhibitor, had little effect on apoptosis. In addition, TCDD was able to mimic the EGF and TGF-alpha signaling as demonstrated by increasing Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1,2 phosphorylation. These effects were dependent on EGFR activity because AG1478, but not AG825, was able to prevent EGF-, TGF-alpha, or TCDD-mediated Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1,2 phosphorylation. The ability of TCDD to stimulate the EGFR pathway and inhibit apoptosis may be due to the ability of TCDD to increase expression of TGF-alpha, a ligand for EGFR. Treatment with 10 nM TCDD increased TGF-alpha mRNA at 2 h and TGF-alpha protein at 6 h. These data suggest a mechanism whereby TCDD is able to inhibit apoptosis in human mammary epithelial cells by stimulating TGF-alpha production, resulting in an autocrine effect.
Development of surfaces optically suitable for flat solar panels (1977)

Innovations in reflectometry techniques are described; and the development of an absorbing selective coating is discussed along with details of surface properties. Conclusions as to the parameterization desired for practical applications of selective surfaces are provided.
Wavelet transform approach to high impedance fault detection in MV networks (2005)

Application of wavelet transform technique to high impedance arcing fault detection in distribution networks is presented. Phase displacement between discrete wavelet coefficients calculated for zero sequence voltage and current signals at natural network frequency is tracked. The developed wavelet based HIF detector has been tested with EMTP-ATP generated signals, proving better performance than traditionally used algorithms and methods. The protection method proposed is efficient, robust and may be used for HIF detection independently of the network neutral point grounding mode.
Airway Structural Alterations Selectively Associated with Severe Asthma (2003)

To identify airway pathologic abnormalities selectively associated with severe asthma, we examined 10 control subjects, 10 patients with intermittent asthma, 15 patients with mild-to-moderate persistent asthma, 15 patients with severe persistent asthma, and 10 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bronchial biopsies were assessed for epithelial integrity; subepithelial basement membrane (SBM) thickness; collagen type III deposition; eosinophil, neutrophil, and fibroblast numbers; mucous gland and airway smooth muscle (ASM) areas; SBM-ASM distance; ASM hypertrophy (increased cell size); and the expression of the contractile proteins alpha-actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy-chain isoforms, myosin light-chain kinase, and the phosphorylated form of the regulatory light chain of myosin. Neither mucosal eosinophilia nor neutrophilia, epithelial damage, or SBM thickness reflected asthma severity. In contrast, higher numbers of fibroblasts (p < 0.001), an increase in collagen type III deposition (p < 0.020), larger mucous gland (p < 0.040) and ASM (p < 0.001) areas, augmented ASM cell size (p < 0.001), and myosin light-chain kinase expression (p < 0.005) distinguished patients with severe persistent asthma from patients with milder disease or with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis established that fibroblast numbers and ASM cell size were negatively associated with prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 values in patients with asthma. We conclude that fibroblast accumulation and ASM hypertrophy in proximal airways are selective determinants of severe persistent asthma.
Microparticle scaffolds support osteogenic differentiation of mscs (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Origin and Future of Polycrystalline Ceramic Lasers (2018)

Since highly efficient laser oscillation by Nd:YAG ceramics has been reported, various types of transparent ceramics have been developed and also power scaling has been performed. Theoretical clarification on why polycrystalline ceramics having numerous structural defects (grain boundaries) could generate highly efficient laser oscillation is very important, and it will be a road map for the development of polycrystalline laser gain media for the future. The sintering aid was useful for reducing optical loss of ceramics but further improvements in performance were obtained by the development of a laser gain medium without using sintering aids and as a result a slope efficiency of 74% with an output power of 1.8 kW was obtained. This material had 5.5 kW output as a maximum and its power density exceeded 1 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Forming composite gain media by ceramic technology is very important for further power scaling and sophistication of laser functionality. In this report, advantages of bonding technology to form composite gain media are described. Also, by removing the grain boundary completely from the ceramic material, high quality single crystal can be synthesized. The slope efficiency of laser oscillation from 2.4% Nd:YAG polycrystal and single crystal showed high values of 57% and 63%, respectively.
Separation and Properties of Three Acid Phosphatases from Human Placenta (1967)

Abstract 1. Three chromatographically and enzymatically distinct forms of acid phosphatase have been separated from extracts of human placental villus tissue by gel filtration. 2. These enzymes, termed I, II, and III, have molecular weights of g200,000, 105,000, and 35,000, respectively; and pH optima for p-nitrophenyl phosphate hydrolysis of 5.5, 4, and 5.5. 3. Enzyme II, which is probably of lysosomal origin, is 90% inhibited by 20 mm l-(+)tartrate. Enzyme III is insensitive to tartrate but is completely inhibited by 10 µm p-chloromercuribenzoate, and I displays an intermediate sensitivity to tartrate. Both I and II, but not III, are also inhibited by molybdate and fluoride. 4. Whereas enzymes I and II appear to be typical nonspecific acid phosphohydrolases, enzyme III is atypical in that most of the common phosphate esters are poor substrates. It is further distinguished by a stimulatory response to purines and an apparent allosteric type inhibition by pyridoxine 5-phosphate.
Active damping in HDD actuator (2001)

One of the limitations inherent in high-track-density hard disk drive design is the effect of actuator mechanical resonant modes on the head-positioning servo. The first servo bandwidth limiting mode is the so-called "butterfly mode," which is the major mode in the head mechanical transfer functions and can not be avoided through mechanical design. A special active damping technique has been developed for rotary actuators of 3-1/2" drives. With an additional sensor on the actuator and an external feedback loop, the butterfly mode can be damped and stiffened while the system stability is maintained. A theoretical system model, based on FEM, modal superposition and feedback control, is developed for analytical prediction of system stability and dynamics. Drive level experiments are conducted on actuators of two different designs, and show that the butterfly mode can be totally damped such that the gain of the head mechanical transfer function is close to 1/s/sup 2/. The end arm mode is also damped by about 8 dB for one actuator design. Servo improvement is also studied. It shows that the butterfly mode notch filter can be removed, and the phase margin can be improved by 7 degrees.
Epithelial MHC Class II Expression and Its Role in Antigen Presentation in the Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Tracts (2018)

As the primary barrier between an organism and its environment, epithelial cells are well-positioned to regulate tolerance while preserving immunity against pathogens. Class II major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC class II) are highly expressed on the surface of epithelial cells (ECs) in both the lung and intestine, although the functional consequences of this expression are not fully understood. Here, we summarize current information regarding the interactions that regulate the expression of EC MHC class II in health and disease. We then evaluate the potential role of EC as non-professional antigen presenting cells. Finally, we explore future areas of study and the potential contribution of epithelial surfaces to gut-lung crosstalk.
Designing a central synchronization/scheduling unit for multiprocessors (2002)

A parallel program being run on a multiprocessor can be represented by a task map: this is a directed graph describing the decomposition of the program into its computational granules (the tasks), and the precedence relations between them. The task map thereby defines the potential parallelism in executing the program. The program must be executed while satisfying the constraints defined by the task map (which is a synchronization requirement), and should be completed in a minimal time (which is a scheduling requirement). The synchronization and scheduling activities are not a part of the executed program, and constitute overhead. The finer the granularity, the more synchronization operations are performed, while the productive computational activity remains the same. Thus, the relative portion of the overhead increases. To solve the above problem, a thightly-coupled multiprocessor architecture has been proposed, whose novel component is a high flow-rate hardware subsystem for synchronization/scheduling. This article deals with the implementation and feasibility proof of the main unit included in the architecture-the central synchronization/scheduling unit.
Web Crawling (2010)

This is a survey of the science and practice of web crawling. While at first glance web crawling may appear to be merely an application of breadth-first-search, the truth is that there are many challenges ranging from systems concerns such as managing very large data structures, to theoretical questions such as how often to revisit evolving content sources. This survey outlines the fundamental challenges and describes the state-of-the-art models and solutions. It also highlights avenues for future work.
Identification of mouse liver proteins on two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of in situ enzymatic digests (1997)

A number of proteins from a silver-stained two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis gel of mouse liver whole-cell lysate were identified by peptide mass mapping and sequence database searching. The excised protein spots were processed by in situ reduction and alkylation, followed by Lys-C digestion. The masses of the resulting peptide mixtures were measured with a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) reflection-time-of-flight mass spectrometer. These masses were used successfully to search a protein sequence database. Optimized silver staining and digestion protocols allowed proteins to be identified routinely at the low picomole level. The high mass accuracy and resolution provided by delayed extraction were important for high specificity in the database search. Fragment ion data obtained by MALDI post-source decay (PSD) measurements not only provided confirmation of peptide identification, but could be used to identify the protein from a single peptide without spectral interpretation.
P4–290: Novel fusion protein bivalent for a general amyloid interaction motif reduces beta‐amyloid aggregates in transgenic mice (2013)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by both Amyloid b (Aβ) plaque deposition and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles accompanied by progressive cognitive decline. We have shown that NPT002 (filamentous bacteriophage M13) dose-dependently clears Aβ plaques and restores normal cognitive performance in aged Tg2576 mice. Recently, we isolated the protein motif from NPT002 responsible for the amyloid-interacting activity, which we call the generic amyloid interacting motif or GAIM. The present study was conducted to evaluate whether fusion proteins bivalent for GAIM were able to clear β-amyloid aggregates in transgenic Alzheimer's mouse models. In the present study, we administered test article or control treatment via a single intra-hippocampal 2μL injection per hemisphere (7–8μg of protein per injection). Mice used for these studies included 17–19 month old male Tg2576 mice and 17–19 month old male & female 3xTg mice. Animals were sacrificed 7 days post-treatment. Paraformaldehyde-fixed brains were serially sectioned and analyzed for Aβ load in the hippocampus and surrounding cortical areas by ThioS fluorescence and anti-amyloid antibody staining (82E1). Neuro-inflammation was monitored by antibody staining for Iba1 and GFAP. Synaptic density was assessed by antibody staining for synaptophysin (SY38). Systemic administration of NPT088 was via intraperitoneal injection at 10mg/kg. Intrahippocampal injection of either NPT014 (human IgG 4 -Fc-GAIM) or NPT088 (human IgG 1 -Fc-GAIM) into aged Tg2576 mice resulted in significantly lower β-amyloid plaque in hippocampus and surrounding neocortex 7 days after treatment as measured by either 82E1 or ThioS. The decrease in β-amyloid was accompanied by significant increases in Iba-1 and synaptophysin. GFAP and Perl's Prussian Blue staining was unaffected by treatment. Similar to observations in aged Tg2576 mice, intra-hippocampal injection of NPT088 into aged 3xTg mice resulted in significant decreases in β-amyloid in the hippocampus. The timing and magnitude of the effects of NPT088 and NPT014 on β-amyloid were similar to previous studies with NPT002. Moreover, acute systemic administration of NPT088 to wt mice produced brain penetration. NPT088 and NPT014 safely reduced β-amyloid plaque and increased synaptic density within 7 days of direct-to-brain administration in transgenic mouse models. These data support the use of GAIM-containing molecules as a novel therapeutic approach for reducing Aβ plaque.
Perfect set-and-forget alignment of silicon photonic resonators and interferometers (2011)

Permanent tuning of C- and L-band silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometers and microrings is demonstrated by oxidizing the silicon waveguide core with Angstrom-level precision. Such tuning may lower the power consumption of photonic circuits by an order-of-magnitude.
A comparison of serological tests for the detection of HIV-antibodies. The clinical and serological course of one AIDS patient with seroconversion. (1987)

240 serum samples originating from various AIDS risk groups were tested for HIV-antibodies comparing an immunofluorescence test with the Western Blot and ELISA methods. In 95% of cases the results of the Western Blot and the immunofluorescence test were in accordance. In 12 samples the immunofluorescence test yielded positive results whereas there was no reaction in the Western Blot. Four of the sera were confirmed by the RIPA and yielded results which were in conformity with the immunofluorescence findings. A noteworthy case is a patient under observation since 1975 who had repeatedly shown negative Western Blot results but positive immunofluorescence responses and who had developed already marked clinical manifestations of AIDS. These findings indicate that the immunofluorescence test, employed as a confirmation method, is comparable to the Western Blot in its specificity (95.6%) but superior as far as sensitivity is concerned. Simplicity of performance and duration of test are the same for the immunofluorescence test and ELISA.
Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in migrating primordial germ cells of the early chick embryo (1982)

Little information is available concerning enzyme activity in primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the early chick embryo. The present study is designed to examine the disposition of alkaline and acid phosphatase activity in the PGCs during their migration into the developing gonads of the early chick embryo. White Leghorn chick embryos were sacrificed at daily intervals from 1 to 6 days of incubation. Following sacrifice the embryos were fixed, dehydrated, and embedded in glycol methacrylate (GMA). Alkaline and acid phosphatases were demonstrated by the simultaneous diazo-coupling method. The embryonic tissues at the different ages were examined for PGCs and the histochemical reactions for alkaline and acid phosphatases in these cells evaluated. Acid phosphatase activity did not appear within PGCs until 3 days of incubation, and then in only a few PGCs in the active phase of their migration in the dorsal mesentery, suggesting that there is no large wave of degeneration of these cells during migration. Alkaline phosphatase activity was observed as early as 2 days of incubation in PGCs during the passive phase of their migration in extraembryonic blood vessels. Alkaline phosphatase-positive PGCs in the active phase of migration were also found in the dorsal mesentery; however, the cellular localization of this enzyme differed from that observed in the passively migrating PCGs, indicating that there are alterations in the metabolic activities of these cells during the active and passive phases of migration.
OASIS: anycast for any service (2006)

Global anycast, an important building block for many distributed services, faces several challenging requirements. First, anycast response must be fast and accurate. Second, the anycast system must minimize probing to reduce the risk of abuse complaints. Third, the system must scale to many services and provide high availability. Finally, and most importantly, such a system must integrate seamlessly with unmodified client applications. In short, when a new client makes an anycast query for a service, the anycast system must ideally return an accurate reply without performing any probing at all. This paper
Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018) (2018)

Contains fulltext : 202657.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Relation of Statin Use to the 5-Year Incidence and Progression of Age-Related Maculopathy (2003)

These findings do not suggest an association between statin use and incident ARM over a 5-year period. Further investigation of these relationships in larger studies over a longer period is needed.
Early atopic disease and early childhood immunization – is there a link? (2008)

In children at heightened risk for atopy, common childhood immunization in the first year is not associated with an increased risk of more severe eczema or allergic sensitization. Parents of atopic children should be encouraged to fully immunize their children.
Development and Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Kit for the Detection of Antibody toPLASMODIUM VIVAXInfection in South Korea (2003)

Malaria is a major parasitic disease in tropical areas. Three to five hundred million people suffer from the disease and it kill a million people per year. Blood smear observation was developed for the diagnosis of malaria, but the examination needs skilled experts and exact diagnosis is time consuming. A kit based on immunochromatography can be a reliable and rapid method for clinical diagnosis, even in the hands of inexperienced personnel. However, all such currently developed kits can only diagnose P. falciparum malaria. In our previous report, the C-terminal region of P. vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvcMSP) was cloned and expressed in E. coli. In the present study, we developed an immunochromatographic kit using this PvcMSP for the diagnosis of specific antibody to P. vivax malaria in serum samples. The kit was used to examine sera from vivax malaria patients and non-malaria- infected person and the test showed 100% sensitivity (78/78) and 98.3% specificity (58/59). This result demonstrated that the immunochromatographic kit for P. vivax antibody detection is applicable for the rapid and precise diagnosis of P. vivax malaria.