gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ion Current Oscillation in Glass Nanopipettes (2012)

Ion currents detected by glass nanopipettes in solutions depended on the diameters of pipettes and ion species in the solutions. The ion current oscillation with frequency of 2.7 mHz was observed using the pipet with inner diameter of 50 nm in 0.1 M KCl solution. However, nonoscillatory currents were observed using the same pipet in 0.1 M KOH and HCl solutions or using pipettes with inner diameters of 15 nm, 500 nm, and 0.7 mm in 0.1 M KCl solution. Oscillation of the double layer thickness due to the change of ion concentration in the nanopipette perturbs the path of the ion current through the bulk layer, which results in the nonlinear current oscillation.
Microsaccades counteract visual fading during fixation (2005)

Our eyes continually move even while we fixate our gaze on an object. If fixational eye movements are counteracted, our perception of stationary objects fades completely, due to neural adaptation. Some studies have suggested that fixational microsaccades refresh retinal images, thereby preventing adaptation and fading. However, other studies disagree, and so the role of microsaccades remains controversial. Here we correlate, for the first time, visibility during fixation to the occurrence of microsaccades. We asked subjects to indicate when Troxler fading of a peripheral target occurs, while simultaneously recording their eye movements with high precision. We found that before a fading period, the probability, rate and magnitude of microsaccades decreased. Before transitions towards visibility, the probability, rate and magnitude of microsaccades increased. These results discover a direct correlation between suppression of microsaccades and fading, and suggest a causal relationship between microsaccade production and target visibility.
Self‐adhesive honeycomb prepreg systems for secondary structural applications (1998)

Abstract Porosity in cured honeycomb parts was investigated using model prepreg systems and compared with a commercial solvent produced prepreg. Woven glass fabric was used as the reinforcement in both of the systems. Three main solvents were identified in the commercial prepreg. These solvents were found to cause porosity or reduce thermal properties in model solvent prepreg based laminates when used either separately or in combination. Lowering the solvent content reduced the porosity in the prepreg but was limited by resin staging. The high level of porosity, resulting from solvents, found in these commercial prepreg systems motivated the investigation of the feasibility of changing the method of impregnation from solvent to hot‐melt. Hot‐melt model prepreg produced essentially void‐free laminates as well as honeycomb parts. Model prepreg produced by hot‐melt impregnation was found to be more robust, providing the capability of changing the degree of resin impregnation in the fiber bed. A low level of impregnation resulted in the best fillets to the honeycomb core, while still producing essentially void free parts. The use of both solid and liquid carboxyl‐functional elastomers was incorporated in the epoxy based resin to provide flow control and self‐adhesive characteristics. Mechanical properties of both the model hot‐melt and commercial prepreg based honeycomb structures and laminates were compared. The model hot‐melt prepreg was found to have better cured properties along with the necessary prepreg characteristics providing an optimized self‐adhesive controlled flow prepreg system.
Shim-on-Chip Design for Microfluidic NMR Detectors (2018)

In this contribution we present a novel system for shimming capillary samples such as used in microfluidic NMR probe heads. Due to the small sample size, shimming microliter samples using regular shim coils is complicated. Here we demonstrate the use of a series of parallel wires placed perpendicular to B<sub>0</sub> as a Shim-on-Chip shim system. This is achieved by placing a ribbon flat cable horizontally over the NMR detector, in our case a stripline. The current through each wire of the ribbon cable can be controlled independently employing a 16 channel DAC. This makes for a simple, cheap, and easy to construct alternative to regular shim systems. The Shim-on-Chip is, nevertheless, quite flexible in creating a magnetic field which matches the inhomogeneity of the magnet in one dimension. The capillary sample geometry is well suited for this type of shimming since its length is much larger than its width. With this Shim-on-Chip system we have reached line widths of 2.2 Hz (at 50%) and 27 Hz (at 0.55%) on a 144 MHz NMR spectrometer without any other room temperature shims. Unlike regular shims, the Shim-on-Chip is located inside the NMR probe. It is always centered on the NMR sample, because of this the shims have an intuitive effect on the line shape. Therefore, the manual shimming is simpler when compared to a regular shim system, as it is difficult to position a microliter sample in the exact center of the shim coils. We furthermore demonstrate the use of a Shim-on-Chip method in a 400 MHz Rapid-Melt DNP system. Decent line widths were achieved even for a sample which is located off-center inside the NMR magnet.
Evaluation of elevated temperature influence on mechanical properties of a commercial unrefined bagasse fiber-polypropylene composite (2014)

An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of elevated temperatures, ranging from room temperature to 80oC, on mechanical characteristics of a commercial bagasse fiber/polypropylene composite. The test results were used to determine the temperature dependencies of the mechanical properties of the studied composite material at temperatures up to 80°C in order to develop temperature adjustment factors for the use in structural applications. The results have shown that as temperature increases, the material become more ductile due to increased plastic deformation gets lower stiffness and fails at higher strains. The resulted adjustment factors were different for each loading mode and the results also have indicated that the influence of elevated temperatures on values of modulus was higher than that on strengths.
Screening for antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants used in Colombian folkloric medicine: A possible alternative in the treatment of non-nosocomial infections (2006)

This in vitro study corroborated the antimicrobial activity of the selected plants used in folkloric medicine. All these plants were effective against three or more of the pathogenic microorganisms. However, they were ineffective against Streptococcus beta hemolytic and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their medicinal use in infections associated with these two species is not recommended. This study also showed that Bixa orellana L, Justicia secunda Vahl. and Piper pulchrum C.DC could be potential sources of new antimicrobial agents.
An investigation of adhesion in drug‐eluting stent layers (2008)

An atomic force microscopy (AFM) method was developed to quantify the adhesion forces between and cohesive forces within the layers of a drug-eluting stent (DES). Surface pairs representing both the individual components and the complete chemistry of each layer within the DES were prepared. As a model, the CYPHER Sirolimus-eluting Coronary Stent was studied. This DES consists of a stainless steel stent substrate, a parylene C primer layer, and a drug-eluting layer that contains poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), poly(n-butyl methacrylate), and sirolimus (rapamycin). Coated AFM tips and two-dimensional substrates or coupons, which act as surrogates to the CYPHER Stent, were prepared and characterized. The force-displacement measurements were conducted to evaluate the adhesion between the middle parylene C layer and the 316L stainless steel substrate, the adhesion between the parylene C layer and the outer drug-eluting layer, and the cohesion between the three constituents of the drug-eluting layer. The average adhesion forces between the parylene C to drug layer varied from 88 to 167 nN, and the drug layer-to-drug layer interactions were between 194 and 486 nN within the model CYPHER Stent coating. All the adhesion forces measured were larger than those observed for gold-gold interactions, which yielded a pull of force of 19 nN (Zong et al., J Appl Phys 2006;100:104313-104323).
LISA Mission Concept Study, Laser Interferometer Space Antenna for the Detection and Observation of Gravitational Waves (1998)

This document presents the results of a design feasibility study for LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna). The goal of LISA is to detect and study low-frequency astrophysical gravitational radiation from strongly relativistic regions. Astrophysical sources potentially visible to LISA include extra-galactic massive black hole binaries at cosmological distances, binary systems composed of a compact star and a massive black hole, galactic neutron star-black hole binaries, and background radiation from the Big Bang. The LISA mission will comprise three spacecraft located five million kilometers apart forming an equilateral triangle in an Earth-trailing orbit. Fluctuations in separation between shielded test masses located within each spacecraft will be determined by optical interferometry which determines the phase shift of laser light transmitted between the test masses.
Interpretation of Some Wireline Logs in Geothermal Fields of the Imperial Valley, California (1983)

ABSTRACT This study reviews the wireline log responses of some geothermal fields in the Imperial Valley, California. The fields under study include the Heber, the East Mesa, the Brawley and the Westmoreland. The well logs used in the study did not include all the wireline surveys obtained by the operators. The selected well logs obtained under special arrangements with the operators were chosen to maintain the anonymity of specific well locations but are only representative of each area. Analysis of the well logs indicate that on an individual field basis, the well logs are excellent for correlation purposes. The presence of extremely saline fluids in some fields precludes the monitoring of Qv profile for detection of hydrothermally altered zones. The producing sections in all the fields are characterized by low porosity and high resistivity.
Letter to the Editor Re: Titrate to equilibrate and not exsanguinate! (2019)

Johnson, M. Austin MD, PhD; Hoareau, Guillaume L. DVM, PhD; Neff, Lucas P. MD; Williams, Timothy K. MD Author Information
In vitro generation of human embryonic stem cell-derived heart organoids possessing physiological ion currents (2022)

Abstract Recently, methods for in vitro organogenesis have been broadly developed due to their strong potential for human applications in medicine. In the present study, we optimized the culturing method of human heart organoids (hHOs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in the presence of the highly concentrated laminin-entactin and fibroblast growth factor 4. The resulting hHOs showed distinctive cardiac morphology with atrium- and ventricle-like chambers composed of cardiac cells as well as expressed the integral proteins of gap junctions and ion channels. In fact, isolated cardiomyocytes from these hHOs exhibited Na and Ca currents by patch clamp analysis. These results indicated that the present method will provide a powerful tool for cardiac safety assessment of newly developed drugs as an in vitro human ESC-derived test system. One-Sentence Summary FGF4 and ECM contribute to the generation of human HOs with heart compartments and electrophysiological properties.
Human SOX11, an Upregulated Gene During the Neural Differentiation, Has a Long 3' Untranslated Region (1999)

To obtain essential genes for neuronal development, we have performed a molecular indexing method using a human teratocarcinoma cell line, NTera-2. We isolated a cDNA fragment, designated B18, as an upregulated gene during the neural differentiation. From the complete cDNA sequence of B18 it was revealed that this cDNA was the human SOX11 gene. While a previous report has determined only a approximately 2 kb of the SOX11 cDNA including the entire open reading frame, our full length cDNA was 8743 bp possessing a long 3' untranslated region. Human SOX11 cDNA was mapped to chromosome region 2p25.3 between markers AFMA070WC9 and WI-1412 by radiation hybrid mapping.
Augmented Reality in Spinal Surgery: Highlights From Augmented Reality Lectures at the Emerging Technologies Annual Meetings (2021)

Introduction Augmented reality (AR) is an advanced technology and emerging field that has been adopted into spine surgery to enhance care and outcomes. AR superimposes a three-dimensional computer-generated image over the normal anatomy of interest in order to facilitate visualization of deep structures without the ability to directly see them. Objective To summarize the latest literature and highlight AR from the annual "Spinal Navigation, Emerging Technologies and Systems Integration" meeting lectures presented by the Seattle Science Foundation (SSF) on the development and use of augmented reality in spinal surgery. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature review from 2016 to 2020 on PubMed to correlate with lectures given at the annual "Emerging Technologies" conferences. After the exclusion of papers that concerned non-spine surgery specialties, a total of 54 papers concerning AR in spinal applications were found. The articles were then categorized by content and focus. Results The 54 papers were divided into six major focused topics: training, proof of concept, feasibility and usability, clinical evaluation, state of technology, and nonsurgical applications. The greatest number of papers were published during 2020. Each paper discussed varied topics such as patient rehabilitation, proof of concept, workflow, applications in neurological and orthopedic spine surgery, and outcomes data. Conclusions The recent literature and SSF lectures on AR provide a solid base and demonstrate the emergence of an advanced technology that offers a platform for an advantageous technique that is superior, in that it allows the operating surgeon to focus directly on the patient rather than a guidance screen.
Recommending Scientific Literature: Comparing Use-Cases and Algorithms (2014)

An important aspect of a researcher's activities is to find relevant and related publications. The task of a recommender system for scientific publications is to provide a list of papers that match these criteria. Based on the collection of publications managed by Mendeley, four data sets have been assembled that reflect different aspects of relatedness. Each of these relatedness scenarios reflect a user's search strategy. These scenarios are public groups, venues, author publications and user libraries. The first three of these data sets are being made publicly available for other researchers to compare algorithms against. Three recommender systems have been implemented: a collaborative filtering system; a content-based filtering system; and a hybrid of these two systems. Results from testing demonstrate that collaborative filtering slightly outperforms the content-based approach, but fails in some scenarios. The hybrid system, that combines the two recommendation methods, provides the best performance, achieving a precision of up to 70%. This suggests that both techniques contribute complementary information in the context of recommending scientific literature and different approaches suite for different information needs.
Right Ventricular Inflow Obstruction due to Giant Hematoma Formed by Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis. (1993)

A 26-year-old man having chronic constrictive pericarditis with rare complications is described. Right ventricular inflow obstruction was caused by an intracavity giant mass which was surrounded by thick calcified pericardium. The mass consisted of old bloody fluid with some calcified tissue. The findings of auscultation closely mimicked those of tricuspid valvular stenosis.
Study of the vibratory performance of a High-Speed Train bogie using EGRSC and ECBFmethods (2023)

High-speed railway has become a strategic transport in European and Asian countries and more and more countries are developing infrastructures to enter in the 'High-Speed club'.However, keeping the current good safety record of this conveyance requires extensive maintenance.This paper studies the performance of a high-speed train before and after a major maintenance operation.A set of accelerometers is installed on the train with the aim of collecting vibration signals without disturbing the normal operation of the train.Measurements are taken in the vertical direction of space and in both directions of the Madrid-Seville High-Speed line: from Madrid to Seville and vice-versa.EGRSC and ECBF techniques are applied to recorded vibration signals and the results are analysed.Hence, several frequency regions with significant spectral power variations that are common to both travel directions are identified.These patterns should be taken as a reference for future maintenance actions.Any unexpected behaviour of these frequency regions would indicate the presence of a fault.
Fibrillins 1 and 2 Perform Partially Overlapping Functions during Aortic Development (2005)

Fibrillin-rich microfibrils are extracellular assemblies that impart structural properties to the connective tissue. To elucidate the contribution of fibrillin-rich microfibrils to organogenesis, we have examined the vascular phenotype of a newly created strain of mice that completely lacks fibrillin-1 and the consequences of combined deficiency of fibrillins 1 and 2 on tissue formation. The results demonstrated that fibrillins 1 and 2 perform partially overlapping functions during aortic development. Fbn1-/- mice died soon after birth from ruptured aortic aneurysm, impaired pulmonary function, and/or diaphragmatic collapse. Analysis of the neonatal Fbn1-/- aorta documented a disorganized and poorly developed medial layer but normal levels of elastin cross-links. Transcriptional profiling revealed that aneurysm progression in Fbn1 null mice is accompanied by unproductive up-regulation of gene products normally involved in tissue repair and vascular integrity, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, activin A, and cysteine-rich angiogenic protein 61. In contrast to Fbn1-/- mice, Fbn2 null mice had a well developed and morphologically normal aortic wall. However, virtually all Fbn1-/-;Fbn2-/- embryos and about half of the Fbn1+/-;Fbn2-/- embryos died in utero and displayed a significantly more severe vascular phenotype than Fbn1-/- mice. Consistent with a specialized function of fibrillin-2, electron microscopy visualized ultrastructurally different microfibrils in Fbn1 null compared with control cell cultures. Collectively, these data demonstrate that involvement of fibrillin-2 in the initial assembly of the aortic matrix overlaps in part with fibrillin-1 and that continued fibrillin-1 deposition is absolutely required for the maturation and function of the vessel during neonatal life.
High Performance Air Breathing Flexible Lithium–Air Battery (2021)

Lithium-oxygen (Li-O<sub>2</sub> ) batteries possess the highest theoretical energy density (3500 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> ), which makes them attractive candidates for modern electronics and transportation applications. In this work, an inexpensive, flexible, and wearable Li-O<sub>2</sub> battery based on the bifunctional redox mediator of InBr<sub>3</sub> , MoS<sub>2</sub> cathode catalyst, and Fomblin-based oxygen permeable membrane that enable long-cycle-life operation of the battery in pure oxygen, dry air, and ambient air is designed, fabricated, and tested. The battery operates in ambient air with an open system air-breathing architecture and exhibits excellent cycling up to 240 at the high current density of 1 A g<sup>-1</sup> with a relative humidity of 75%. The electrochemical performance of the battery including deep-discharge capacity, and rate capability remains almost identical after 1000 cycle in a bending fatigue test. This finding opens a new direction for utilizing high performance Li-O<sub>2</sub> batteries for applications in the field of flexible and wearable electronics.
Talking to Students (2006)

For some time, writing teachers have used audio feedback to assess students' work. But previous methods using audiocassettes are now dated or impractical for online or distance classrooms. Voice commentary can still be used to evaluate students' writing, however, using Microsoft Word's commenting feature for embedding voice comments. This article explains why this method of commentary is used; discusses students' reactions to the method, tracked over a 2-year period; and provides detailed instructions for using the software.
Dilatation of Golgi vesicles by monensin leads to enhanced accumulation of sugar nucleotides (1986)

International audience
Osteogenesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles-Labeled Human Precartilaginous Stem Cells in Interpenetrating Network Printable Hydrogel (2022)

Smart biomaterials combined with stem cell-based therapeutic strategies have brought innovation in the field of bone tissue regeneration. However, little is known about precartilaginous stem cells (PCSCs), which can be used as seed cells and incorporated with bioactive scaffolds for reconstructive tissue therapy of bone defects. Herein, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were employed to modulate the fate of PCSCs, resulting in the enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. PCSCs were isolated from the ring of La-Croix extracted from polydactylism patient and identified through immunohistochemically staining using anti-FGFR-3 antibodies. Potential toxicity of IONPs toward PCSCs was assessed through cell viability, proliferation, and attachment assay, and the results demonstrated that IONPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility. After that, the effects of IONPs on osteogenic differentiation of PCSCs were evaluated and enhanced ALP activity, formation of mineralized nodule, and osteogenic-related genes expressions could be observed upon IONPs treatment. Moreover, <i>in vivo</i> bone regeneration assessment was performed using rabbit femur defects as a model. A novel methacrylated alginate and 4-arm poly (ethylene glycol)-acrylate (4A-PEGAcr)-based interpenetrating polymeric printable network (IPN) hydrogel was prepared for incorporation of IONPs-labeled PCSCs, where 4A-PEGAcr was the common component for three-dimensional (3D) printing. The implantation of IONPs-labeled PCSCs significantly accelerated the bone formation process, indicating that IONPs-labeled PCSCs could endow current scaffolds with excellent osteogenic ability. Together with the fact that the IONPs-labeled PCSCs-incorporated IPN hydrogel (PCSCs-hydrogels) was biosafety and printable, we believed that PCSCs-hydrogels with enhanced osteogenic bioactivity could enrich the stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for bone tissue regeneration.