gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term deflection prediction of concrete members reinforced with glass fibre reinforced polymer bars (2000)

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the long-term deflection behaviour of concrete shallow beams reinforced with glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. The long-term deflections of the GFRP-reinforced beams are compared to deflections of identical beams reinforced with steel bars. All beams were under sustained loading for approximately 8 months. The variables were the level of sustained loading and the reinforcement materials: steel or GFRP. The experimental immediate and long-term deflections of both the steel- and the GFRP-reinforced beams were compared to calculated deflections using the CEB-FIP Model Code 1990, and the ACI 318-95 code using the recommendations of ACI Committee 209; these references are for steel reinforced concrete members. The test results indicate that under similar loading conditions and the same reinforcement ratio, the GFRP-reinforced beams had long-term deflections, due to creep and shrinkage, 1.7 times greater than those of the steel-reinforced beams. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental immediate and long-term deflections indicates that the CEB-FIP Model Code 1990 gives reasonable predictions for all beams, and that the ACI 318-95 code, using the ACI Committee 209 recommendations, overestimates the deflections due to the combined effects of creep and shrinkage.Key words: glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP), steel, reinforced concrete, long-term, deflections, flexure, elastic modulus.
First Demonstration of On-Chip Wavelength Multicasting (2009)

We demonstrate for the first time wavelength multicasting performed in a silicon photonic chip. We investigate multicast number selectivity at 40-Gb/s data rates and evaluate each configuration using BER measurements, establishing immense prospect for scalability.
Sensitivity Analysis for Stiffness Identification Using a DIET Breast Cancer Screening System (2017)

Cancerous tumors exhibit significantly higher stiffness than healthy breast tissues. a hysteresis loop analysis method is used to identify the nominal elastic stiffness in different horizontal directions for breast cancer diagnosis in a Digital Imaging Elasto-tomography (DIET) screening system. The sensitivity of the method to measurement errors from the DIET system is first evaluated using a homogeneous healthy phantom with different camera angles. The identification method is then validated against 4 phantoms with stiffer inclusions of 10-20mm diameter over a range of actuation frequencies. Results show displacement reconstruction errors from very small motion can be eliminated by using a threshold ∆d to significantly reduce errors in identified nominal elastane. The stiffer inclusion induced a greater number of reference points with higher stiffness in the inclusion segment than other segments in x and y directions. The presence of a stiffer "tumor" inclusion is detected by comparing the nominal stiffness to an automatically defined threshold, kt. Inclusion segments can then be localized using an inclusion indicator, Kindex. The overall results validate the method is capable of providing robust estimations of nominal stiffness over a realistic range of actuation frequencies, and inclusion sizes and angle for the DIET concept.
Computational Analysis of Retrovirus-Induced scid Cell Death (2001)

It was shown recently that retroviral infection induces integrase-dependent apoptosis (programmed cell death) in DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)-deficient scid pre-B cell lines, and it has been proposed that retroviral DNA integration is perceived as DNA damage that is repairable by the DNA-PK-dependent nonhomologous end-joining pathway (R. Daniel, R. A. Katz, and A. M. Skalka, Science 284:644-647, 1999). Very few infectious virions seem to be necessary to induce scid cell death. In this study, we used a modeling approach to estimate the number of integration events necessary to induce cell death of DNA-PK-deficient scid cells. Several models for integration-mediated cell killing were considered. Our analyses indicate that a single hit (integration event) is sufficient to kill a scid cell. Moreover, the closest fit between the experimental data and our computational simulations was achieved with a model in which the infected scid cell must pass through S phase to trigger apoptosis. This model is consistent with the findings that a single double-strand DNA break is sufficient to kill a cell deficient in DNA repair and illustrates the potential of a modeling approach to address quantitative aspects of virus-cell interactions.
How does pain influence cervical endurance test performance in migraine patients? (2022)

Introduction Migraine sufferers frequently complain of cervical pain during and in-between migraine attacks and studies suggest that chronic neck pain is a risk factor for high-frequency migraine, including chronic migraine. Increased headache frequency and chronic neck pain are, in turn, independently associated with cephalic cutaneous allodynia, a known risk factor for increased headache frequency. Objective To verify the influence that pain in migraine patients has on muscle performace during the cervical endurance test and whether the change in performance is due to pain during the test, neck muscle dysfunction or both. Methods Were evaluate 100 women stratified by diagnosis (migraine, cervical pain, both and none) and self-reported pain during the cervical muscle endurance test in flexion and extension (with or without headache and / or cervical pain during the endurance test). Pain during the test by numerical rate scale (NPRS, 0-10) and pain pressure threshold were collected for all groups. Migraine patients answered 12-item Allodynia Symptom. We used one-way analysis of variance with the Tukey’s HSD post hoc test analysis to contrast pressure pain threshold and endurance across groups. Differences in flexion and extension times were compared using the Welch T-test and the McNemar Test was used to compare differences in headache and neck pain incidence per study group during flexion and extension endurance tests. Results There are significantly differences in mean endurance during flexion between migraine and neck pain [34.4s (25)] relative to neck pain alone [45.2 (18)], migraine [40.2s (29)] and controls [57.5.4s (40)] (p = 0.04). On average, those who experienced headache during the flexion test sustained for significantly less time than those without headache during the test (27.80 versus 46.18 seconds, p&lt;0.01); (To see the complete abstract, please, check out the PDF).
Aerosol deposition in the human respiratory tract. I. Experimental procedures and total deposition. (1957)

Three volunteers were exposed via mouth inhalation to triphenyl phosphate (non-hygroscopic). Particle sizes tested ranged from 0.14 to 3.2 ..mu..m (6 homogenous steps). Deposition curves show minimum retention of 0.4 ..mu..m particle size. Brownian motion (random impact with gas) varies by d/sup -//sup 1/2; settling effect and impact effect vary by d/sup 2/ so minimum deposition is where these three processes counteract each other. Slower, deeper breathing resulted in greater deposition; differences were greater with larger particles, because settling and impaction vary with first power of time and Brownian varies with square root of time. Pneumoconiosis-producing dusts act on deep pulmonary tissues whereas major cancer producers act on the bronchi.
Application of Hydrogen- Maser Technology to the Search for Gravitational Radiation (1989)

Abstract : The Deep Space Network (DSN) is currently able to track distant spacecraft with a worldwide network of 70 m stations located near Goldstone, California; Tidbinbilla, Australia and Madrid, Spain. Hydrogen-maser timekeeping at all three sites makes possible a search for gravitational radiation at useful levels of sensitivity. We report on 10.5 days of data from the December 1988 opportunity with the Pioneer 10 spacecraft at a distance of 44.2 astronomical units (22052 s). A microwave link near 2.3 GHz was established with the spacecraft using one station of the DSN 011 the uplink and another on the downlink. The utilization of hydrogen masers at each station, plus the spacecraft transponder, effectively provided a one-arm interferometer for detecting gravitational radiation with a phase-coherent pathlength of 12.25 hr. Starting with integrated cycle count of the Doppler shift as raw data, we sequentially differenced the data at a sample interval of 60 s and thereby generated a Doppler frequency record. Next, we removed trends caused by the relative motions of the spacecraft and the DSN stations in inertial space. The resulting residual frequency record was dominated by refraction of the 2.5 GHz signal in the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere. By applying a regression analysis to a stratified atmospheric model, we reduced these refraction effects by more than an order of magnitude. We show plots of the detrended Doppler residuals at the 60 second sample interval. The overall RMS residual is on the order of 2 mHz (10(-12) in fractioxlal frequency), but the major contributor to the noise at this level is the high-frequency component caused by the poor signal to noise ratio in the received signal from the distant Pioneer spacecraft. We illustrate this property by displaying the power spectral density of the reduced data. As expected, the high-frequency end of the spectrum is typical of thermal noise in the microwave receiver.
Functional link equaliser with decision selection for combatting cochannel interference (2005)

A neural network based functional link equalizer structure, incorporating decision selection, for overcoming cochannel interference is proposed. The bit error rate performance of this new structure is evaluated by direct comparison with the decision feedback functional link equalizer (DFFLE). The new structure offers the proven capability of the decision feedback functional link equalizer with a significant reduction in computations per symbol
Autophagy and mitochondria in Pompe disease: Nothing is so new as what has long been forgotten (2012)

Macroautophagy (often referred to as autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular system by which macromolecules and organelles are delivered to lysosomes for degradation and recycling. Autophagy is robustly induced in response to starvation in order to generate nutrients and energy through the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic components. Constitutive, basal autophagy serves as a quality control mechanism for the elimination of aggregated proteins and worn-out or damaged organelles, such as mitochondria. Research during the last decade has made it clear that malfunctioning or failure of this system is associated with a wide range of human pathologies and age-related diseases. Our recent data provide strong evidence for the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of Pompe disease, a lysosomal glycogen storage disease caused by deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). Large pools of autophagic debris in skeletal muscle cells can be seen in both our GAA knockout model and patients with Pompe disease. In this review, we will focus on these recent data, and comment on the not so recent observations pointing to the involvement of autophagy in skeletal muscle damage in Pompe disease.
Intravital Microscopy Reveals Fundamental Differences in the Interaction of Stem Cells and T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia with the Bone Marrow Microenvironment (2016)

Abstract Haematopoiesis is the complex developmental process maintaining the turnover of all blood cell lineages, i.e. erythrocytes, immune (white) cells and platelets. It takes place primarily in the bone marrow, where it critically depends on the correct functioning of rare, quiescent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and more numerous HSC-derived, highly proliferative and differentiating haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). This is regulated by complex interactions between stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment, and it was suggested to change in settings involving stress. Indeed, using intravital microscopy, we previously showed that HSCs injected in irradiated recipients steadily engage with endosteal niches. Moreover, if phenotypically identical HSCs are harvested from mice harbouring a natural infection, such as that caused by T.spiralis, they show a unique 'stop and go' migratory behaviour, engage larger niches, yet remain in the proximity of osteoblastic cells. Based on these and other studies, it has been hypothesised that also malignant haematopoietic cells rely on interactions with specific bone marrow microenvironments to grow, and especially to develop chemoresistance. To investigate this further, we performed longitudinal imaging of mice injected with murine and human T acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) cells over the course of hours or days, including during response to multiple chemotherapy treatments. Strikingly, we observed a very different behaviour from that of HSCs, with T-ALL cells showing a highly migratory behaviour throughout all stages of disease, from initial bone marrow infiltration to response to chemotherapy. Interestingly, in untreated mice and in patients trephine biopsies we observed rapid loss of osteoblastic cells by apoptosis, an event that likely contributes to the dramatic loss of healthy haematopoiesis observed in mice and patients. Together, these finds indicate that novel therapeutic strategies should target the ability of T-ALL cells to entertain short-lived and promiscuous interactions with any neighbouring cells, and aim to strengthen the bone marrow microenvironment to improve support for residual healthy haematopoiesis. Disclosures Harrison: AbbVie: Research Funding; Janssen Cilag: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Quach:Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen Cilag: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
Effect of Light Finger Touch, a Cognitive Task, and Vision on Standing Balance in Stroke (2020)

The aim of the exploratory study was to investigate the individual and combined effects of light finger touch, a cognitive task, and vision on postural sway in individuals with stroke. Nine older adults with stroke stood on the force platform with eyes open and eyes closed, with and without a light finger touch contact with the stationary frame, and when counting backward from a randomly chosen three-digit number or without it. The center of pressure (COP) excursion, velocity, range and sway area was calculated. Participants demonstrated significantly larger postural sway when vision was not available (<i>p</i> < 0.05), smaller postural sway when using a finger touch contact (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and increased postural sway while performing the cognitive task (<i>p</i> < 0.05). When finger touch and a cognitive task was performed simultaneously, body sway decreased as compared to standing and performing a cognitive task in eyes open (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and eyes closed conditions. Results indicate that light touch in individuals with stroke mitigates the impact of cognitive load. The findings contribute to the understanding of the role of sensory integration in balance control of individuals with neurological impairments and older adults.
Synthesis of the trans-3,4-dihydrodiol metabolites of the steroid-related carcinogen 15,16-dihydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one and its 11-methyl derivative (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the trans-3,4-dihydrodiol metabolites of the steroid-related carcinogen 15,16-dihydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one and its 11-methyl derivativeRonald G. Harvey, Robert J. Young, Cecilia Cortez, Hongmee Lee, and Ernestina LunaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 2, 361–365Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00054a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00054a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reflection waveform inversion in acoustic VTI media (2019)

Full waveform inversion (FWI) in transversely isotropic media with vertical symmetry axis (VTI) provides the opportunity to better match the data at the near and far offsets. However, multi-parameter FWI in general suffers from a serious cycle-skipping and trade-off problem. Reflection waveform inversion (RWI) can help us build a background model by minimizing the reflection data residuals. Thus, we apply RWI to acoustic VTI media. According to the radiation patterns analysis, the acoustic VTI media should be described by a combination of the normal-moveout (NMO) velocity vn and the anisotropic parameters η and δ in the RWI applications. To reduce the trade-off, we first invert for the background vn, and then update the background vn and η, simultaneously to fit the far-offset reflections. We apply Born modeling to produce the reflections for the two stages of the RWI method. For a follow up FWI applications, we use the background vn and η to calculate the horizontal velocity vh and the parameters η and ɛ. The acoustic VTI FWI will utilize the diving waves to improve the background, as well as utilize the reflections for high resolution information. We test the inversion algorithm on the modified VTI Sigsbee 2A model (a salt free part). The results show that the approach can converge to a reasonable result starting from an isotropic model with a linearly increasing vn, even in absence of low frequencies. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 17, 2019 Session Start Time: 9:20 AM Presentation Time: 9:45 AM Location: Poster Station 10 Presentation Type: Poster
Design and Simulation of Axial Flow Maglev Blood Pump (2011)

The axial flow maglev blood pump (AFMBP) has become a global research focus and emphasis for artificial ventricular assist device, which has no mechanical contact, mechanical friction, compact structure and light weight, can effectively solve thrombus and hemolysis. Magnetic suspension and impeller is two of the important parts in the axial flow maglev blood pump, and their structure largely determines the blood pump performance. The research adopts electromagnetic and fluid finite element analysis, and puts forward a method to design the magnetic suspension and impeller of axial flow blood pump, which tacks into account the small volume of axial blood pump. The magnetic bearing's characteristics are evaluated by electromagnetic finite element analysis. The Blades have been designed by calculating aerofoil bone line, and make simulation analysis for different thicken ways of blade by Fluent software, and make a conclusion that the blade thickened with certain rules has better characteristics in the same conditions. The results will provide some guidance for design of axial flow maglev blood pump, and establish theoretical basis for application of the implantable artificial heart pump.
Chagas' Disease and Kidney Transplantation in Endemic Areas (1999)

Chagas' disease, caused by Trypanosma cruzi , is endemic in many parts of South and Central America. Acute infection is followed by a chronic form of disease that can remain asymptomatic for decades. The potential for and clinical importance of reactivating latent Chagas' disease among renal-transplant recipients from these …
Complexes of d8 metals with tetrathiomolybdate and tetrathiotungstate ions. Synthesis, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexes of d8 metals with tetrathiomolybdate and tetrathiotungstate ions. Synthesis, spectroscopy, and electrochemistryKenneth P. Callahan and Pamela A. PilieroCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 9, 2619–2626Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50211a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50211a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views427Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence Prediction Method Based on Sentence Selection for Legal Documents (2022)

In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to find evidence from a large number of legal document statements and the irrelevant statements in a large number of document sample data will cause a great interference to the prediction results and further improve the accuracy of evidence prediction, this paper puts forward an intelligent evidence criterion prediction method for legal documents based on the comprehensive consideration of legal problems, the nature of statements, and the characteristics of answers. The binary cross-entropy of different statements is used to obtain the interaction information between different statements. Through experiments, it is found that the score of Joint F1 proposed in this paper is 70.07%, which is more accurate than the mainstream model and also verifies the effectiveness of the scheme.