gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and characterization of a murine hemicholinium-3-sensitive choline transporter (2001)

In cholinergic neurons, a specific requirement for precursor choline in the biosynthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) is thought to be sustained by a presynaptic, hemicholinium-3 (HC-3)-sensitive choline transporter (CHT). This transporter exhibits micromolar affinity for choline and transport activity is Na+- and Cl−-dependent. Based on the sequence information available with the recent cloning of rat and human CHTs [Okuda, Haga, Kanai, Endou, Ishihara and Katsura (2000) Nat. Neurosci. 3, 120–125; Apparsundaram, Ferguson, George Jr and Blakely (2000) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 276, 862–867; Okuda and Haga (2000) FEBS Lett. 484, 92–97], we have identified a murine CHT orthologue (mCHT) by reverse transcriptase-PCR of spinal cord mRNA and confirmed this sequence using assembled mouse genomic DNA. Inferred splice junctions for mCHT exons are conserved with those of hCHT. The mCHT cDNA encodes a protein of 580 amino acids with 93 % and 98 % amino acid identity to human CHT and rat CHT1, respectively. Hydropathy analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of mCHT indicates a protein containing 13 transmembrane domains (TMDs), with the N-terminus oriented extracellularly and the C-terminus oriented intracellularly. Northern blot analysis of mouse tissues reveals the expression of mCHT as a single transcript of ~ 5 kb with highest expression in regions that are rich in cholinergic cell bodies, e.g. the spinal cord, brainstem, mid-brain and striatum, whereas hybridization signals are absent in regions lacking cholinergic soma, e.g. the cerebellum and kidney. Expression of mCHT in COS-7 cells results in high-affinity [3H]HC-3-binding sites (Kd = 5 nM), and Na+- and Cl−-dependent HC-3-sensitive choline uptake (Km = 2 μM), assessed in resealed membrane vesicles. The availability of cloned, functional mCHT and its cognate genomic DNA should prove useful for studies of mCHT regulation and should open possibilities for evaluation of CHT dysfunction in murine models.
Higher Order Structural Relativistic Effects for s-States of Hydrogen-Like Systems (2021)

A calculation of structural relativistic corrections of higher orders for the ground states of hydrogen-like systems, such as a hydrogen atom and a muonic hydrogen atom, has been performed. The dependence of the corrections on the parametrization of proton form factors is investigated. The numerical estimates show that the corrections are within the limits of sensitivity of modern experiments to measure the energy characteristics of hydrogen-like systems.
Supplementary Methods, Tables 1 - 3, Figures 1 - 2 from Does Mutated <i>K-RAS</i> Oncogene Attenuate the Effect of Sulindac in Colon Cancer Chemoprevention? (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Statistical analysis of endpoints derived from histology. Number of animals in different groups is listed in Figure 1B. Supplementary Table 2. Statistical analysis of adenoma grade by genotypes in the subset of AOM-induced mice, 34 weeks of age, from Table 1B. Number of slides analysed is presented in parentheses. Supplementary Table 3. Analysis of colon ACF by genotypes and treatment. Supplementary Figure 1. Comformation of colon-specific expression of mutant K-Ras allele in the compound Vil-Cre-ERT2K-rasG12D mouse. Supplementary Figure 2. Characterization downstream targets of mutant K-RAS in Vil-Cre-ERT2K-rasG12D mouse model by Western blot analysis in the colon tissue of Control and AOM-treated mice of different genotypes at 26 weeks of age (18 weeks after the last AOM injection when applicable).&lt;/p&gt;
Analysis of hydration in protein aqueous solution using two-dimensional terahertz correlation spectroscopy (2016)

In this work, the terahertz (THz) absorption spectra of a typical protein BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) in aqueous solution were measured under different concentrations. The temporal changes in the absorption spectra were analyzed using the two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS). By comparing the cross peaks corresponding to the concentration changes, it can be obtained that the hydration process is related to the interaction between the moleculars of protein and water. The results provide a new means to analyze the hydration process.
Leakage path study of a diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal with large gap (2019)

The diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal based on stepped labyrinth seal was an effective method to improve the capability of usual magnetic fluid seal with large gap. Pressure theory of the diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal was presented and a diverging magnetic fluid sealing with two magneti c sources was designed. The leakage location hypothesis in the diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal has been made. The magnetic field distributions in the radial and axial sealing gaps have been calculated by means of the finite element method of magnetic field and its maximum sealing capabilities have been calculated based on its pressure theory. The effects of radial and axial sealing gaps on the diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal have been obtained. The numerical and experimental results were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the theoretical pressure-resistant capabilities of the diverging stepped magnetic fluid seal with two magnetic sources agree well with its experimental pressure-resistant capabilities. The leakage path in the axial sealing gap located at its center position and the leakage path in the radial sealing gap located in the vicinity of the shaft.
Study of Titanium Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced by Boron Carbides and Amorphous Boron Particles Produced via Direct Hot Pressing (2016)

Nowadays, the demands for materials with high strength based on a titanium matrix are increasing. The manufacturing of titanium composites through low cost and near-net-shape techniques is a challenge for the industry. There are different processing routes to meet these requirements of the market. As it is well known fast powder metallurgical densification techniques could satisfy these needs. In the present work, several titanium metal matrix composites (TiMMCs) have been fabricated by using a fast hot consolidation technique, namely direct hot pressing (dHP) in order to reduce the manufacturing time. Through a pressure assisted sintering with direct heating of a pressing die the consolidated composites can be formed directly from powders in a short period of time (15 min). The matrix materials were selected from two titanium grade 1 powders and as reinforcement materials boron carbide and boron amorphous particles were employed. Varying the reinforcement’s content in addition to their particle size, their influence on the composites behaviour was expected. Furthermore in this research work, the mechanical and microstructural characterisation of the specimens was carried out in order to identify the best combination of process parameters, material reinforcement and matrix powders.Nowadays, the demands for materials with high strength based on a titanium matrix are increasing. The manufacturing of titanium composites through low cost and near-net-shape techniques is a challenge for the industry. There are different processing routes to meet these requirements of the market. As it is well known fast powder metallurgical densification techniques could satisfy these needs. In the present work, several titanium metal matrix composites (TiMMCs) have been fabricated by using a fast hot consolidation technique, namely direct hot pressing (dHP) in order to reduce the manufacturing time. Through a pressure assisted sintering with direct heating of a pressing die the consolidated composites can be formed directly from powders in a short period of time (15 min). The matrix materials were selected from two titanium grade 1 powders and as reinforcement materials boron carbide and boron amorphous particles were employed. Varying the reinforcement’s content in addition to their particle size, their influence on the composites behaviour was expected. Furthermore in this research work, the mechanical and microstructural characterisation of the specimens was carried out in order to identify the best combination of process parameters, material reinforcement and matrix powders.
Properties of Basalt Plastics and of Composites Reinforced by Hybrid Fibers in Operating Conditions (2012)

© 2012 Chikhradze et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Properties of Basalt Plastics and of Composites Reinforced by Hybrid Fibers in Operating Conditions
Simulation of Turbulent Boundary Layer Wall Pressure Fluctuations. (1985)

A Monte Carlo simulation of an unsteady, two-dimensional wall pressure field has been developed. The simulation has been evaluated in terms of the statistical properties measured in a variety of turbulent boundary layer experiments and the results are generally in good agreement. Since identifical pressure histories can be created using simulations, it has been possible to investigate the influence of receiver area (or 'microphone' size) on the statistical measurements of identical pressure histories. Based on these simulations, it was possible to conclude that the root mean square pressure levels increase in a quasi linear manner as the receiver size decreases. The trend is in substantial agreement with the experiments of Bull and Thomas, but the threshold of the diameter effect and the magnitude of the r.m.s. increase may be controlled by flow phenomena that are either ignored or improperly simulated. The power spectra are insensitive to receiver size in the energy containing frequency interval. Two-point correlations first show higher correlations with decreasing receiver size, then show poorer correlations as the receiver size becomes small enough to sense fine scale phenomena. The authors believe this simulation computer program can be valuable in studying the response of complex or non-linear structures to quasi-random wall pressure fields. The ability to adjust resolution and simulated flow conditions arbitrarily make it a flexible tool in the analyzing and designing fluid-structural systems.
Emulation of backhaul packet loss on the LTE S1-U interface and impact on end user throughput (2015)

4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> Generation Long Term Evolution (4G LTE) networks are in commercial service in most countries around the globe, or about to be launched into commercial service. Given that LTE is about to become the global wireless technology of choice, these networks have to operate in any conceivable environment. In doing so, their backhaul transport is served by a wide variety of networks built on a mix of technologies and equipments, carrying the LTE user and signaling traffic. While the performance focus for the deployment of a new wireless network technology is mostly on its own new network elements (NEs) and features, it is equally important to keep in mind that all the NEs of such a network are interconnected by using other network technologies, wired or wireless. These exhibit their own performance characteristics and any impact on their performance can have an impact on the overall network performance. Understanding this complex and interdependent behavior is a key step in understanding how to optimize or even predict performance of 4G LTE networks. And since 4G LTE is fully IP-based, the focus is on understanding and assessing the effect of IP impairments on LTE and its transport links. In this paper, we analyze the impact of backhaul packet loss by focusing on the LTE S1-U interface, which provides user plane transport between the Core Network (CN) and the Evolved NodeBs (eNBs). In order to do so, we emulate different packet loss rates (PLRs) on the S1-U interface, measuring the impact on end user throughput and discussing the aggregated results.
The Effect of Whole Body Physical Training on the Carnosine Content of V Lateralis (2007)

Carnosine (Carn) occurs in high concentrations in muscle where it contributes to H+ buffering. Highest levels occur in chronically trained athletes. Carn (ß‐AlaHis dipeptide) can also be increased 60% or more by supplementation with ß‐alanine (ß‐Ala), which is rate limiting for Carn synthesis in muscle. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of training with or without ß‐Ala supplementation on muscle Carn synthesis during a 10 week program of strength training. Male Vietnamese physical education students (n=26) aged 20–26 yrs, of normal body mass and height were matched in pairs according to body mass and initial strength, and evenly randomised to receive [800mg] x 8/d x 10wk of ß‐Ala (Carnosyn™) or matching placebo capsules of maltodextrin. Subjects undertook 4 weight‐training sessions per week, 2 being lower body‐dominant and 2 upper body‐dominant designed to induce maximal strength and muscle mass gains. Biopsies of the V. lateralis were taken at 0 and 10 wks for analysis of Carn and taurine (Tau). Muscle Carn was unchanged with training alone (pre 29.2 ±SE 2.6 vs post 27.3 ± 2.8 mmol.kg‐1 dm) but increased 53% when ß‐Ala supplementation was included (23.6 ± 1.4 vs 36.0 ± 2.2 mmol.kg‐1 dm; P&lt;0.001). Tau did not change. CONCLUSION Carn was unchanged by 10 wks training but was increased when ß‐Ala supplementation was included, and to a similar extent seen in other studies undertaken without training.
Signals from Eph and Ephrin Proteins: A Developmental Tool Kit (2001)

Interactions between Eph receptors and their ligands the ephrin proteins are critically important in many key developmental processes. Emerging evidence also supports a role for these molecules in postembryonic tissues, particularly in pathological processes, including tissue injury and tumor metastasis. We review the signaling mechanisms that allow the 14 Eph and nine ephrin proteins to deliver intracellular signals that regulate cell shape and movement. What emerges is that the initiation of these signals is critically dependent on which Eph and ephrin proteins are expressed, the level of their expression, and, in some cases, which splice variants are expressed. Diversity at the level of initial interaction and in the downstream signaling processes regulated by Eph-ephrin signaling provides a subtle, versatile system of regulation of intercellular adhesion, cell shape, and cell motility.
Balanced basis sets of split valence, triple zeta valence and quadruple zeta valence quality for H to Rn: Design and assessment of accuracy (2005)

Gaussian basis sets of quadruple zeta valence quality for Rb-Rn are presented, as well as bases of split valence and triple zeta valence quality for H-Rn. The latter were obtained by (partly) modifying bases developed previously. A large set of more than 300 molecules representing (nearly) all elements-except lanthanides-in their common oxidation states was used to assess the quality of the bases all across the periodic table. Quantities investigated were atomization energies, dipole moments and structure parameters for Hartree-Fock, density functional theory and correlated methods, for which we had chosen Møller-Plesset perturbation theory as an example. Finally recommendations are given which type of basis set is used best for a certain level of theory and a desired quality of results.
High-performance nanofibrous LaCoO3 perovskite cathode for solid oxide fuel cells fabricated via chemically assisted electrodeposition (2018)

In this study, a new method is developed for the fabrication of nanofibrous LaCoO<sub>3</sub> (LCO) perovskites as cathodes (oxygen electrodes) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
Field trial of a heat-stable measles vaccine in Cameroon. (1979)

Absorption of AKA-positive sera with aggregated human IgG did help to ensure good-quality measles vaccine despite the difficulties in distributing it in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa.
Abstract 15228: Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Dialysis Patients Who Suffer Sudden Cardiac Arrest (2016)

Introduction: Severely reduced kidney function and dialysis are associated with a significantly increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), but predisposing factors are not fully understood. We ...
Comparison of the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and NPH‐based multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) on glycaemic control and quality of life: results of the 5‐nations trial (2005)

CSII usage offers significant benefits over NPH-based MDI for individuals with Type 1 diabetes, with improvement in all significant metabolic parameters as well as in patients' quality of life. Additional studies are needed to compare CSII with glargine- and detemir-based MDI.
Design and Setup of the Micro-Turboexpander Transcritical CO2 System (2014)

As the potential Eco-friendly refrigerant, CO2 regains more and more attentions. It has various advantages over conventional refrigerants, such as non-flammability, non-toxicity, high volumetric refrigerant capacity and excellent heat transfer properties. Because the heat rejection temperature in a transcritical CO2 heat pump or a transcritical CO2 refrigeration system is higher than the critical temperature of CO2, the transcritical vapor compression cycle becomes the best choice for transcritical CO2 systems. However, the relative low COP caused by the throttle valve limited the further development. The replacement of a throttle valve with a turboexpander, an ejector or a vortex tube is leading to the way for improving the COP of a transcritical CO2 system. With the advantages of high efficiency, high compactness, high reliability and long-life time, turboexpanders have been widely used in gas lique faction devices (below 120K) and most of the reverse Brayton refrigeration systems. It is also one of the most ideal expansion devices for transcritical CO2 systems. However, its applications are limited by the difficulties of high pressure and super high rotating speed operation. With the development of manufacturing technology and gas bearing technology, it becomes possible to use turboexpanders in transcriticalCO2 systems. In this paper, two turboexpanders with 10 mm radial reaction turbine wheel and 9 mm rotor diameter were designed for the 15 kW transcritical CO2 refrigeration system, and the rotating speed is about 200 krpm.The proposed turboexpanders outlet states are CO2 two-phase flow and subcooled CO2 liquid flow, respectively. This study will lay a foundation for the application of turboexpanders in transcritical CO2 systems.
Smart Collection and Storage Method for Network Traffic Data (2014)

Captured network data enables an organization to perform routine tasks such as network situational awareness and incident response to security alerts. The process of capturing, storing, and evaluating network traffic as part of monitoring is an increasingly complex and critical problem. With high-speed networks and ever-increasing network traffic volumes, full-packet traffic capture solutions can require petabytes of storage for a single day. The capacity needed to store full-packet captures for a time frame that permits the needed analysis is unattainable for many organizations. A tiered network storage solution, which stores only the most critical or effective types of traffic in full-packet captures and the rest as summary data, can help organizations mitigate the storage issues while providing the detailed information they need. This report discusses considerations and decisions to be made when designing a tiered network data storage solution. It includes a method, based on a cost-effectiveness model, that can help organizations decide what types of network traffic to store at each storage tier. The report also uses real-world network measurements to show how storage requirements change based on what traffic is stored in which storage tier.
Protein viscoelastic dynamics: A model system (2015)

A model system inspired by recent experiments on the dynamics of a folded protein under the influence of a sinusoidal force is investigated and found to replicate many of the response characteristics of such a system. The essence of the model is a strongly overdamped oscillator described by a harmonic restoring force for small displacements that reversibly yields to stress under sufficiently large displacement. This simple dynamical system also reveals unexpectedly rich behavior-exhibiting a series of dynamical transitions and analogies with equilibrium thermodynamic phase transitions. The effects of noise and of inertia are briefly considered and described.
Atomic Layer Epitaxy (1987)

Atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) is a relatively new and generally poorly understood thin film growth technique which is likely to find application in high technology industries during the next decade. It can be used to grow high quality thin solid films with specific crystal structures or orientations and with very fine control of filn1 thicknesses to one atomic layer. Most thin film deposition techniques have, so far, simply involved material transfer from a suitable source to a suitable substrate via the vapour phase, e.g. vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or chemical vapour deposition. Nucleation takes place on the substrate surface, the molecules seeking the most energetically favourable position relative to one another and fonning n1icrocrystals that in later phases control thin film growth. This results in uncontrolled crystal boundaries, producing films whose average density can be considerably below that of the bulk crystal. Annealing is often employed to improve the quality of the deposited film. In ALE the compound thin film immediately achieves its final crystal form through sequential surface reactions in which one element of the con1pound reacts with the growing surface. This n1ethod is a self controlled process that automatically accepts only one atomic layer at a time.
Cloning of Aspergillus nidulans ribosomal DNA in shotgun experiments using the EK2 vector lambda gtWEST.T5-622. (1983)

EcoRI fragments of Aspergillus nidulans DNA were cloned in a shotgun type experiment using the EK2 vector lambda gtWEST.T5-622. In situ plaque hybridization was used to screen for hybrid phage particles containing sequences coding for ribosomal RNA. Four clones selected from the whole gene bank were characterized further. Two of them contain sequences homologous to a 3.6 Kb fragment of A. nidulans rDNA.
Let There be Light: Improved Traffic Surveillance via Detail Preserving Night-to-Day Transfer (2021)

In recent years, image and video surveillance have made considerable progresses to the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) with the help of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). As one of the state-of-the-art perception approaches, detecting the interested objects in each frame of video surveillance is widely desired by ITS. Currently, object detection shows remarkable efficiency and reliability in standard scenarios such as daytime scenes with favorable illumination conditions. However, in face of adverse conditions such as the nighttime, object detection loses its accuracy significantly. One of the main causes of the problem is the lack of sufficient annotated detection datasets of nighttime scenes. In this paper, we propose a framework to alleviate the accuracy decline when object detection is taken to adverse conditions by using image translation method. We propose to utilize style translation based StyleMix method to acquire pairs of day time image and nighttime image as training data for following nighttime to daytime image translation. To alleviate the detail corruptions caused by Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), we propose to utilize Kernel Prediction Network (KPN) based method to refine the nighttime to daytime image translation. The KPN network is trained with object detection task together to adapt the trained daytime model to nighttime vehicle detection directly. Experiments on vehicle detection verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach.