gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plant Growth–Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Bioremediation of Industrial Waste (2019)

This chapter discusses plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and bioremediation of industrial waste. It is suggested that PGPR help plant growth not only via classically defined mechanisms (e.g., solubilization of insoluble nutrients, production of plant growth hormones, etc.) but also by mitigating the harmful effects of toxic pollutants grossly accumulated in the soil and groundwater. In the plant-microbial world, the association of PGPR with plants can be exploited for benefits not only for the associated organisms but also for the ecosystem. The eco-friendly approaches inspire a wide range of exploitation of beneficial agriculturally important bacteria and have led to improved nutrient uptake. They play a major role in improving soil fertility. They also play a very important role during remediation of bacterial-assisted phytoremediation of various pollutants present in industrial waste. Beneficial PGPR also play a key role in agricultural approaches through quorum sensing in their biofilm mode. The in vitro production of biofilm PGPR can be used to give increased crop yields and pollutants degradation through a range of plant growth mechanisms. The roots with attached microbial biofilms significantly contribute to soil fertility and bioremediation.
emoji2vec: Learning Emoji Representations from their Description (2016)

Many current natural language processing applications for social media rely on representation learning and utilize pre-trained word embeddings. There currently exist several publicly-available, pre-trained sets of word embeddings, but they contain few or no emoji representations even as emoji usage in social media has increased. In this paper we release emoji2vec, pre-trained embeddings for all Unicode emoji which are learned from their description in the Unicode emoji standard. The resulting emoji embeddings can be readily used in downstream social natural language processing applications alongside word2vec. We demonstrate, for the downstream task of sentiment analysis, that emoji embeddings learned from short descriptions outperforms a skip-gram model trained on a large collection of tweets, while avoiding the need for contexts in which emoji need to appear frequently in order to estimate a representation.
Foot and Ankle Manifestations of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (1993)

The term Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease represents a spectrum of neurological dysfunction more recently described as hereditary motor-sensory neuropathies. An abnormality of myelination is thought to be responsible for the clinical manifestations. While histological findings have been well described, the exact biochemical basis for this disorder remains unknown. Over one half of patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease manifest foot and ankle problems, including pain, weakness, deformity, and, rarely, paresthesias. Characteristic patterns of neuromuscular weakness have been identified. Bilateral pes cavovarus is the most common pathologic foot deformity seen. The specific components include hindfoot varus, anterior or forefoot cavus, and, often clawtoes. The etiology of this abnormal foot posture usually results from tibialis posterior overpowering peroneus brevis coupled with peroneus longus overpowering tibialis anterior. Multiple treatment options have been described. Rationale for specific tendon transfers, soft tissue release, osteotomies, and arthrodesis is discussed. Results of surgical intervention are difficult to interpret and compare because of the wide spectrum of both neurological dysfunction and described operative procedures. In the presence of flexible deformity, early soft tissue release and tendon transfers may help prevent or delay more extensive bony procedures. The clinical results of triple arthrodesis in the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patient appear to deteriorate with time. Genetic transmission, progression of the neurological dysfunction, flexibility of the deformity, distribution of muscular weakness, and anticipated foot demands vary a great deal within this patient population. Treatment decisions, therefore, must be individualized and based upon a clear history, careful examination, and well-defined patient goals.
Smoothed spectral subtraction for a frequency-weighted HMM in noisy speech recognition (2002)

The paper proposes improved methods of smoothed spectral subtraction to enhance the recognition performance of a frequency weighted HMM (HMM-FW) in very noisy environments. The conventional spectral subtraction tends to produce discontinuity in estimated power spectra. This distortion is undesirable for HMM-FW which uses group delay spectra as feature vectors. In order to remove this distortion, the paper proposes two frequency smoothing methods in log spectral domain: (1) a low pass filtering by DCT; and (2) a weighted minimum mean square error method (WMSE) which fits cosine series to an estimated log power spectrum. The results show that the smoothers are very effective under very noisy conditions, especially for the frequency weighted HMM. The WMSE method combined with HMM-FW achieves the highest recognition accuracies, for instance, improving recognition rate from 68% to 88% at -6 dB SNR of car noise.
Recovery of an Oligonucleotide Using Silver Ions Immobilized on to Paramagnetic Particles (1998)

A 3'-GCCCCTTTTTAAAAACCCCG-5' oligonucleotide can be recovered from aqueous solution using paramagnetic particles containing immobilized silver ions. Binding and elution experiments were conducted by attaching either fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to the 3'-end or Texas Red or fluorescein phosphoramidite (FAM) to the 5'-end of the oligonucleotide. For the 5'-end FAM labeled oligonucleotide, a binding constant of 4.2 x 10(7) was measured at pH 7 using phosphate buffer. The percent of bound FAM labeled oligonucleotide eluted from the paramagnetic particles were found to be 97% using an aqueous solution of thiodiglycol. While the FAM molecule by itself does not bind to the silver activated paramagnetic particles, the choice of fluorescent label affects binding affinities and elution recoveries.
A high-accuracy CMOS on-chip RC oscillator (2010)

In this paper, a high-accuracy CMOS on-chip RC oscillator (OSC) for MCU application is presented. The oscillator can provide a 16 MHz output frequency with the total accuracy in ±1% in all process corner at 1.8 v and 55°C condition, ±2% in all process, supply voltage and temperature condition after 7bit digital trimming. This design features low sensitivity to power supply from 1.8 v to 6.0 v and temperature range from -45°C to 85°C. The on-chip oscillator was fabricated in a 130 nm standard digital CMOS process. The final die size is 78 um×132 um.Experimental result shows that all performance satisfies the specification.
Cell therapies in the clinic (2022)

Cell therapies have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality with the potential to treat and even cure a diverse array of diseases. Cell therapies offer unique clinical and therapeutic advantages over conventional small molecules and the growing number of biologics. Particularly, living cells can simultaneously and dynamically perform complex biological functions in ways that conventional drugs cannot; cell therapies have expanded the spectrum of available therapeutic options to include key cellular functions and processes. As such, cell therapies are currently one of the most investigated therapeutic modalities in both preclinical and clinical settings, with many products having been approved and many more under active clinical investigation. Here, we highlight the diversity and key advantages of cell therapies and discuss their current clinical advances. In particular, we review 28 globally approved cell therapy products and their clinical use. We also analyze >1700 current active clinical trials of cell therapies, with an emphasis on discussing their therapeutic applications. Finally, we critically discuss the major biological, manufacturing, and regulatory challenges associated with the clinical translation of cell therapies.
Degradation of Cellulose Acetate-Based Materials: A Review (2010)

Cellulose acetate polymer is used to make a variety of consumer products including textiles, plastic films, and cigarette filters. A review of degradation mechanisms, and the possible approaches to diminish the environmental persistence of these materials, will clarify the current and potential degradation rates of these products after disposal. Various studies have been conducted on the biodegradability of cellulose acetate, but no review has been compiled which includes biological, chemical, and photo chemical degradation mechanisms. Cellulose acetate is prepared by acetylating cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer. Cellulose is readily biodegraded by organisms that utilize cellulase enzymes, but due to the additional acetyl groups cellulose acetate requires the presence of esterases for the first step in biodegradation. Once partial deacetylation has been accomplished either by enzymes, or by partial chemical hydrolysis, the polymer’s cellulose backbone is readily biodegraded. Cellulose acetate is photo chemically degraded by UV wavelengths shorter than 280 nm, but has limited photo degradability in sunlight due to the lack of chromophores for absorbing ultraviolet light. Photo degradability can be significantly enhanced by the addition of titanium dioxide, which is used as a whitening agent in many consumer products. Photo degradation with TiO2 causes surface pitting, thus increasing a material’s surface area which enhances biodegradation. The combination of both photo and biodegradation allows a synergy that enhances the overall degradation rate. The physical design of a consumer product can also facilitate enhanced degradation rate, since rates are highly influenced by the exposure to environmental conditions. The patent literature contains an abundance of ideas for designing consumer products that are less persistent in the outdoors environment, and this review will include insights into enhanced degradability designs.
DISTRIBUTION OF HAZARDOUS COMPOUNDS BETWEEN PARTICULATE PHASE AND DISSOLVED PHASE IN A SUSPENSION OF DE-CONSTRUCTION EFFLUENTS AND APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION TO THE TREATMENT OF THE SUSPENSION (2004)

焼却炉解体工事現場の湿式除染工程から生じる排水には, PAH類, ダイオキシン類等, 多くの有害物質が含まれている. 排水処理に膜分離技術を適用するために, 排水中に含まれる有害物質の固液分配特性を調べた. PAH類, ダイオキシン類については, おおむね LogKow によって固液分配が説明できた. 固液分配に影響を与える因子として, 懸濁物濃度および溶存有機物濃度の影響を実験し, 平衡関係をモデル化した. 膜分離テスト機を試作し, 焼却炉解体工事排水に対して適用したところ, 処理水中のダイオキシン類濃度はTEQ換算で1pg/Lの環境基準以下にまで処理可能であった.
GLC3 and GHA1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are allelic and encode the glycogen branching enzyme. (1992)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, glycogen serves as a major storage carbohydrate. In a previous study, mutants with altered glycogen metabolism were isolated on the basis of the altered iodine-staining properties of colonies. We found that when glycogen produced by strains carrying the glc-1p (previously called gha1-1) mutation is stained with iodine, the absorption spectrum resembles that of starch rather than that of glycogen, suggesting that this mutation might reduce the level of branching in the glycogen particles. Indeed, glycogen branching activity was undetectable in extracts from a glc3-1p strain but was elevated in strains which expressed GLC3 from a high-copy-number plasmid. These observations suggest that GLC3 encodes the glycogen branching enzyme. In contrast to glc3-1p, the glc3-4 mutation greatly reduces the ability of yeast to accumulate glycogen. These mutations appear to be allelic despite the striking difference in the phenotypes which they produce. The GLC3 clone complemented both glc3-1p and glc3-4. Deletions and transposon insertions in this clone had parallel effects on its ability to complement glc3-1p and glc3-4. Finally, a fragment of the cloned gene was able to direct the repair of both glc3-1p and glc3-4. Disruption of GLC3 yielded the glycogen-deficient phenotype, indicating that glycogen deficiency is the null phenotype. The glc3-1p allele appears to encode a partially functional product, since it is dominant over glc3-4 but recessive to GLC3. These observations suggest that the ability to introduce branches into glycogen greatly increases the ability of the cell to accumulate that polysaccharide. Northern (RNA) blot analysis identified a single mRNA of 2,300 nucleotides that increased in abundance ca. 20-fold as the culture approached stationary phase. It thus appears that the expression of GLC3 is regulated, probably at the level of transcription.
Diameter Base Protocol MIB (2009)

Along with providing support for certain basic authentication,
authorization and accounting functions, the Diameter protocol is
designed to provide a framework for AAA applications. This document
defines the Management Information Base (MIB) module which describes
the minimum set of objects needed to manage an implementation of the
Diameter protocol.
Clock-skew-optimization methodology for substrate-noise reduction with supply-current folding (2006)

In a synchronous clock distribution network with negligible skews, digital circuits switch simultaneously on the clock edge; therefore, they generate a lot of substrate noise due to the resulting sharp peaks on the supply current. A solution is to split a large design in different clock regions and introduce intentional clock skews between them, while taking the timing constraints into account. In this paper, the authors present a complete design flow to optimize the clock tree for less substrate-noise generation in large digital systems. It proposes a technique to assign combinatorial cells and flip-flops to the clock regions. It also takes into account the impact of unintentional clock skew such as jitter on the computed skews in order to assure a robust design. During the optimization, it uses compressed supply-current profiles to improve the CPU time. Experimental results show more than a factor-of-2 reduction in substrate-noise generation from large digital circuits of which the skews are optimized
FaceWarehouse: A 3D Facial Expression Database for Visual Computing (2013)

We present FaceWarehouse, a database of 3D facial expressions for visual computing applications. We use Kinect, an off-the-shelf RGBD camera, to capture 150 individuals aged 7-80 from various ethnic backgrounds. For each person, we captured the RGBD data of her different expressions, including the neutral expression and 19 other expressions such as mouth-opening, smile, kiss, etc. For every RGBD raw data record, a set of facial feature points on the color image such as eye corners, mouth contour, and the nose tip are automatically localized, and manually adjusted if better accuracy is required. We then deform a template facial mesh to fit the depth data as closely as possible while matching the feature points on the color image to their corresponding points on the mesh. Starting from these fitted face meshes, we construct a set of individual-specific expression blendshapes for each person. These meshes with consistent topology are assembled as a rank-3 tensor to build a bilinear face model with two attributes: identity and expression. Compared with previous 3D facial databases, for every person in our database, there is a much richer matching collection of expressions, enabling depiction of most human facial actions. We demonstrate the potential of FaceWarehouse for visual computing with four applications: facial image manipulation, face component transfer, real-time performance-based facial image animation, and facial animation retargeting from video to image.
Search for Novel Stress-responsive Protein Components Using a Yeast Mutant Lacking Two Cytosolic Hsp70 Genes, SSA1 and SSA2 (2006)

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) 70 are a ubiquitous family of molecular chaperones involved in many cellular processes. A yeast strain, ssa1/2, with two functionally redundant cytosolic Hsp70s (SSA1 and SSA2) deleted shows thermotolerance comparable to mildly heat-shocked wild type yeast, as well as increased protein synthesis and ubiquitin-proteasome protein degradation. Since mRNA abundance does not always correlate well with protein expression levels it is essential to study proteins directly. We used a gel-based approach to identify stress-responsive proteins in the ssa1/2 mutant and identified 43 differentially expressed spots. These were trypsin-digested and analyzed by nano electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nESI-LC-MS/MS). A total of 22 non-redundant proteins were identified, 11 of which were confirmed by N-terminal sequencing. Nine proteins, most of which were up-regulated (2-fold or more) in the ssa1/2 mutant, proved to be stress-inducible proteins such as molecular chaperones and anti-oxidant proteins, or proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism. Interestingly, a translational factor Hyp2p up-regulated in the mutant was also found to be highly phosphorylated. These results indicate that the cytosolic Hsp70s, Ssa1p and Ssa2p, regulate an abundance of proteins mainly involved in stress responses and protein synthesis.
A comparison of laser-induced twinning of quartz based on characteristics and supplier (2002)

AT-cut samples were irradiated at room temperature using a focused CO/sub 2/ laser. For both swept and unswept material, it is found that irradiance levels necessary for twin nucleation did not correlate with alpha (3500 cm/sup -1/) in the range 0.028< alpha <0.189. Surface twins, forming on AT-cut plates, remained approximately the size of the irradiated area. After repeated exposures, the twinned area formed figures resembling the calculated ferrobielastic stress diagram for AT-cuts. Twinned areas are more irregular in high etch channel regions. SC-cut twins showed a tendency to extend, in a direction close to the z-axis, towards the edge of the sample in only one direction. This result differs with the more symmetric stress diagram calculated for the SC-cut.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Spike Detection v1 (2021)

Protocol for spike detection of GCaMP6F imaging data used in Yoo et al 2021
LINEAR PARAMETERIZED DYN4MICAL SYSTEMS (1979)

The canputatiaml method developed in this short pper allows the user a simple direct method of determining the identifiability of a linear prameterized system under the following assumptions: The naninal wlues of the parameters are awilable and the state matrices are linear functions of the unknown prameten. The developmsnt analysis necesrclry to implement the computational method with exbmples is presented.
Re-Introduction of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 in Senegal from Europe and Subsequent Circulation in Human and Mosquito Populations between 2012 and 2021 (2022)

West Nile virus (WNV) is a virus of the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex and belongs to the family Flaviviridae of the genus flavivirus. The virus can cause infection in humans which in most cases is asymptomatic, however symptomatic cases exist and the disease can be severe causing encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. The virus is maintained in an enzootic cycle involving mosquitoes and birds, humans and other mammals such as horses can be accidental hosts. A mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance system and the sentinel syndromic surveillance network (4S) have been in place since 1988 and 2015 respectively, to better understand the transmission dynamics of arboviruses including WNV in Senegal. Arthropod and human samples have been collected from the field and analysed at Institut Pasteur de Dakar using different methods including RT-PCR, ELISA, plaque reduction neutralization test and viral isolation. RT-PCR positive samples have been analysed by Next Generation Sequencing. From 2012 to 2021, 7912 samples have been analysed and WNV positive cases have been detected, 20 human cases (19 IgM and 1 RT-PCR positive cases) and 41 mosquito pools. Phylogenetic analyzes of the sequences of complete genomes obtained showed the circulation of lineage 1a, with all these recent strains from Senegal identical to each other and very close to strains isolated from horse in France in 2015, Italy and Spain. Our data showed lineage 1a endemicity in Senegal as previously described, with circulation of WNV in humans and mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analyzes carried out with the genome sequences obtained also revealed exchanges of WNV strains between Europe and Senegal which could be possible via migratory birds. The surveillance systems that have enabled the detection of WNV in humans and arthropods should be extended to animals in a one-health approach to better prepare for global health threats.
Application-controlled handover for heterogeneous multiple radios over fibre networks (2008)

The wired-wireless integration network can be categorised as fixed mobile convergence (FMC). FMC means the convergence of the existing wired network and wireless network. Therefore a mobile device needs the function of connection and control to the FMC infrastructure. An application-controlled handover is developed, which keeps channel continuity in the wired-wireless synergy network environment that consists of 3G (UMTS)+WLAN+WPAN (UWB) and optical fibre network. A handover mechanism transmits and receives data by using the proposed application selection criteria. It maintains the channel and the seamless transmission from mobile device to the remote optical fibre network, to provide real-time service continuity for multimedia traffic. The results show that application-controlled handover has a reduction up to 83% in packet drop, 74% reduction in bit error rate, 85% reduction in power consumption and 100% enhancement in application response time (delay) as compared with the network without handover technique.
A 7 ke-SD-FWC 1.2 e-RMS Temporal Random Noise 128×256 Time-Resolved CMOS Image Sensor With Two In-Pixel SDs for Biomedical Applications (2017)

A large full well capacity (FWC) for wide signal detection range and low temporal random noise for high sensitivity lock-in pixel CMOS image sensor (CIS) embedded with two in-pixel storage diodes (SDs) has been developed and presented in this paper. For fast charge transfer from photodiode to SDs, a lateral electric field charge modulator (LEFM) is used for the developed lock-in pixel. As a result, the time-resolved CIS achieves a very large SD-FWC of approximately 7ke-, low temporal random noise of 1.2e-rms at 20 fps with true correlated double sampling operation and fast intrinsic response less than 500 ps at 635 nm. The proposed imager has an effective pixel array of and a pixel size of . The sensor chip is fabricated by Dongbu HiTek 1P4M 0.11 CIS process.
Medial olivocochlear reflex interneurons are located in the posteroventral cochlear nucleus: A kainic acid lesion study in guinea pigs (2005)

The medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex arc is probably a three-neuron pathway consisting of type I spiral ganglion neurons, reflex interneurons in the cochlear nucleus, and MOC neurons that project to the outer hair cells of the cochlea. We investigated the identity of MOC reflex interneurons in the cochlear nucleus by assaying their regional distribution using focal injections of kainic acid. Our reflex metric was the amount of change in the distortion product otoacoustic emission (at 2f(1)-f(2)) just after onset of the primary tones. This metric for MOC reflex strength has been shown to depend on an intact reflex pathway. Lesions involving the posteroventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN), but not the other subdivisions, produced long-term decreases in MOC reflex strength. The degree of cell loss within the dorsal part of the PVCN was a predictor of whether the lesion affected MOC reflex strength. We suggest that multipolar cells within the PVCN have the distribution and response characteristics appropriate to be the MOC reflex interneurons.