gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retraction: A Genetically Enhanced Anaerobic Bacterium for Oncopathic Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer (2010)

To the Editor: It was discovered that some of the micrographs in two papers we published [figure 4 in J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100:1389–1400 (1), and figure 3 in Hum Gene Ther 2009;20:751–758 (2)] are apparently duplicated. This has been reported to the institutional research integrity committee by the authors and while the outcome of an investigation is pending, the undersigned co-authors respectfully request a retraction of both papers and sincerely apologize to our colleagues.

Background: A major obstacle in treatment of solid tumors is the inefficient delivery of therapeutic agents to the hypoxic cores. Hypoxia offers the potential for anaerobic bacteria colonization and tumor destruction by the bacteria, and dormant spores of wild-type Clostridium perfringens (Cp) germinate and proliferate within the hypoxic cores of pancreatic tumors in mice. However, the oncopathic effects of Cp were limited by host inflammatory responses and by Cp’s residual tolerance to oxygen, which caused toxic effects in animals.

Methods: Recombinant Cp strains in which superoxide dismutase, a major oxygen tolerance gene, was deleted (Cp/sod−) were constructed to enhance its selective growth in tumors. In addition, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), an inflammation-suppressing gene from Staphylococcus aureus, was inserted into the Cp/sod− genome to enhance its oncopathic potency. The ability of the recombinant Cp strains to kill tumors was investigated in C57/BL6 mice bearing murine PANC02 tumors. Systemic and organ toxic effects were assessed by monitoring serum chemistries and histopathological examination. Statistical tests were two-sided.

Results: Cp/sod− showed reduced toxic effects compared with wild-type Cp when spores were administered intravenously into PANC02 tumor–bearing mice. Mice treated with Cp/sod−/PVL spores demonstrated a reduction in neutrophils and macrophages in tumors, logarithmically elevated growth of intratumoral bacteria, enhanced tumor necrosis, and substantially prolonged survival without apparent systemic and organ toxic effects, compared with mice treated with both wild-type Cp and Cp/sod− spores. Accordingly, 47% of Cp/sod−/PVL−treated mice (n = 15) achieved tumor-free survival for over 120 days, whereas all mice treated with Cp/sod− or phosphate-buffered saline (n = 10 per group) died within 50 days. The median survival for Cp/sod−/PVL−treated mice was 77 days (95% confidence interval [CI] = 45 to 120 days) and for Cp/sod−–treated mice was 30 days (95% CI = 23 to 36 days; P < .001).

Conclusions: Cp/sod−/PVL provides a prototype for a novel class of oncopathic microbes that may have potential for the safe and effective treatment of pancreatic cancer and other poorly vascularized tumors.
Infrared Emission Spectra of Elastohydrodynamic Contacts (1976)

A small diamond disk mounted as a window in a steel plate was covered with test fluid, and a weighted steel ball was rotated over the window so as to form a sliding elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contact region. Some of the radiant energy generated in this region, both in the fluid and at the boundaries, passed through the window into an infrared interferometer, giving rise to an emission spectrum. This spectrum could be separated into contributions from the fluid and from the ball surface, making it possible, by appropriate calibrations, to estimate their temperatures separately under operating conditions. Moreover, the shape of the discrete spectral bands of the fluid permitted some inferences on its state. Two fluids were studied under identical mechanical conditions, a polyester and a naphthenic oil, each containing an equal amount of polymethylstyrene as a spectral indicator. Differences of band intensity, band width, and frequency could, therefore, be attributed to differences in the behavior of the base fluid. The principal results were much lower fluid temperatures and lower metal surface temperatures when the polyester was used than when the naphthenic oil was similarly used. Polyester films were also thicker and of higher density than naphthenic oil films under the same conditions. This work is only the beginning of a comprehensive study of EHD contacts by infrared spectroscopy, but the results already achieved lead to interesting speculations on the mechanisms of EHD processes, which further study is expected to elucidate.
[DT‐02–01]: BRYOSTATIN‐1 IMPROVES COGNITION AND DAILY LIVING TASKS IN MODERATE TO SEVERE ALZHEIMER's DISEASE: PRELIMINARY REPORT OF A PHASE 2 STUDY (2017)

In preclinical studies, the PKCε activator bryostatin-1 induces growth of mature synapses, prevents neuronal death, and influences amyloid plaques and tau tangles. We report the first safety and efficacy study of repeated doses of bryostatin in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Adults with moderate–severe AD (MMSE-2: 4–15 inclusive) received biweekly infusions of placebo or bryostatin-1 (20 or 40μg) for 12 weeks. Endpoints included the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB) and an Activities of Daily Living Inventory-Severe Impairment Version (ADCS-ADL-SIV) at baseline, weeks 5,9,13, and 30d after last infusion. Safety evaluations included routine blood tests and treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs). A mixed-model for repeated measures was used to assess change from baseline to week 13 (Δ13) between each bryostatin group and placebo (1-tailed α=0.10 and power=80%) in predefined populations of the Full Analysis Set (≥1 post-baseline efficacy assessment) and Completer AnalysisSet (completed week 13 visit). Randomization was stratified by MMSE-2 4–9 vs. 10–15. Bryostatin-1 was provided by the National Cancer Institute. 147 adults were randomized in 28 centers with n=135 in the Full Analysis Set and n=113 in the Completer Analysis Set. Full Analysis Set mean(sd) age=71.6(7.9), MMSE-2=10.2(3.4), and 51.9% females with no imbalances among arms. 83.0% used acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 67.4% memantine, and 58.5% both. The Δ13 (80%CI) in SIB was 1.9(-0.3,4.2) for 20μg and 0.8(-1.4,4.0) for 40μg in the Full Analysis Set, and this finding was strengthened when analyses were confined to the Completer Analysis Set (2.6 [0.4,4.9] for 20μg and 1.5[-0.7,3.8] for 40μg). Subjects who completed the 30d followup had sustained benefit. In the FAS, Δ13 for the ADCS-ADL-SIV was 1.4(0.0,2.8) for 20μg and 0.8 (-0.6,2.3) for 40μg group. TEAE rates were 58% in placebo, 65% in 20μg and 83% in the 40μg groups. TEAEs >placebo in both arms included diarrhea, while the 40μg arm also included fatigue, weight loss and myalgia. 20μg of bryostatin-1 every other week for 12 weeks appeared safe and benefited cognition and activities of daily living in moderate to severe AD. These results suggest acceptable safety and clinical benefits for the 20 μg group and support further development of bryostatin-1.
Erratum: Flow‐induced birefringence of concentrated polyisoprene solutions [J. Rheol. 33, 517 (1989)] (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Dale S. Pearson, Andrea D. Kiss, Lewis J. Fetters, Masao Doi; Erratum: Flow‐induced birefringence of concentrated polyisoprene solutions [J. Rheol. 33, 517 (1989)]. J. Rheol. 1 May 1990; 34 (4): 613. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550141 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Total knee arthroplasty conversion after a failed lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy with knee hyperextension and secondary ankle degeneration (2017)

A failed lateral closing wedge HTO might speed up the degeneration of the knee and increase extra technical issues in the following TKA. What is more, the secondary osteoarthritis and deformity of the ankle cannot be ignored.
Adenosine triphosphatase from rat liver mitochondria. Crystallization and x-ray diffraction studies of the F1-component of the enzyme. (1978)

The homogeneous rat liver F1-ATPase preparation of Catterall and Pedersen (Catterall, W.A., and Pedersen, P.L. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 4987-4994) has been crystallized from a solution containing phosphate and ATP by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. Most of the resultant crystals are cubes of approximately 0.3 to 0.6 mm per side. X-ray precession photographs show that the crystals are rhombohedral, space group R32 (D37 NO155) with hexagonal cell dimensions a = 148 A, c = 368 A. The molecular weight of the asymmetric unit of the crystals is 190,000 or about half the molecular weight (384,000) of the rat liver enzyme indicating that the crystallographic 2-fold axes of symmetry coincide with a molecular symmetry axis. The crystals diffract to at least 3.5 A and therefore this is the first report of an ATPase preparation in which crystals suitable for x-ray analysis have been obtained.
Changes with age in peritoneal macrophage functions. Implication of leukocytes in the oxidative stress of senescence. (2004)

The age-related deterioration of the immune cells contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality of the aged populations. Since ageing is the result of oxidative stress and macrophages are an important source of oxidation, which is produced in order to carry out many of their functions, the changes with age of several macrophage functions as well as of oxidative stress parameters (oxidants, inflammatory mediators and antioxidants) of peritoneal leukocytes have been investigated using young (4 months), adult (7 months), mature (12 months) and old (20 months) female ICR (CD-1) mice. With age the macrophage functions suffer deterioration. Thus, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and intracellular superoxide anion production decrease in old animals. Moreover, the levels of antioxidant defenses, such as superoxide dismutase activity, decrease with ageing. However, the adherence capacity and the release of oxidant and inflammatory mediators, such as extracellular superoxide anion, TNF-alpha and PGE2, as well as oxidized glutathione/ reduced glutathione ratio, increase with age. These results show that these cells suffer oxidative stress with ageing, which results in an increase of the oxidative damage to nuclear DNA. These changes in peritoneal immune cells could contribute to the chronic oxidative stress state linked to senescence.
Correlation of γ-catenin expression with good prognosis in medulloblastomas (2005)

Object. Medulloblastoma is a malignant cerebellar tumor of childhood and is difficult to cure due to frequent cerebrospinal fluid dissemination. Amplification of the c-myc gene (4%) and messenger (mRNA) overexpression (50%) are known to be adverse prognostic indicators. Because mRNA overexpression cannot be explained by gene amplification alone, mechanisms other than gene amplification are postulated. Molecules on the Wnt signal pathway in primary tumors were examined. Methods. Immunohistochemical and cytogenetic examinations of β- and γ-catenin, c-myc, N-myc, and cyclin D1 in 24 primary medulloblastomas were conducted, and their clinical relevance was evaluated. Cytoplasmic/membranous staining of β- and γ-catenin was detected in 19 (79%) and nine (37%) cases, respectively, and nuclear expression of cyclin D1 and c-myc was detected in six (25%) and 21 (83%) cases, respectively. The expression levels of γ-catenin in Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were similar. By differential polymerase chain reaction, c-myc and N-myc were amplified separately in two large cell/anaplastic medulloblastomas. No cyclin D1 amplification, or β- or γ-catenin mutations were found. Kaplan—Meier analysis revealed no dissemination at diagnosis (Chang Grade M0) and γ-catenin expression was correlated with good prognosis (p = 0.0002 and 0.003, respectively). Expression of γ-catenin was also significant in the M0 group (p = 0.022). Expression of cyclin D1 showed a trend toward adverse outcome (p = 0.057) and all patients in whom cyclin D1 expression was found died of disease. Conclusions. Expression of γ-catenin is of great prognostic value and its immunohistochemistry may be useful for further stratification of treatment. Cyclin D1 expression may have the potential to be an adverse prognostic indicator.
Intermediate metallic phase in VO2observed with scanning tunneling spectroscopy (2014)

This investigation focuses on the formation of nanoscale puddles of an intermediate metallic phase (IMP) in the metal-insulator transition (MIT) temperature regime of single-crystalline vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanowires. The electronic structure of VO2 nanowires was examined with scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The evolution of the local density of states of individual nanowires throughout the MIT regime is presented with differential tunneling conductance spectra and images measured as the temperature was increased. Our results show that the formation of an IMP plays an important role in the MIT of intrinsic VO2.
Growth Kinetics and Polymorphism of Chemically Deposited CdS Films (1980)

The kinetics of growth for chemical deposition of films from alkaline solutions of cadmium salts has been studied with respect to temperature of deposition and the relative concentrations of the various reactants in the solution. It has been established that the growth of the film takes place either by ion‐by‐ion condensation of Cd+2 and S−2 ions or by adsorption of colloidal particles of formed in the solution, depending on the various deposition parameters and the method of preparation. The former process of growth results in thin, hard, adherent and specularly reflecting films, whereas the latter results in thick, powdery and diffusely reflecting films. Occurrence of different polymorphic phases of (hexagonal and cubic) has been observed under different growth conditions. A model for growth mechanism has also been proposed.
A 2‐year prospective analysis of insomnia as a mediator of the relationship between androgen deprivation therapy and perceived cognitive function in men with prostate cancer (2021)

Insomnia influenced the relationship between ADT and perceived cognitive abilities. Interventions to address insomnia, fatigue, and depression may improve perceived cognitive function.
Self-Regulating Streaming Systems (2017)

In recent years, stream processing systems have been deployed in almost every organization due to the explosion of large-scale analytics applications. Our discussions with users of these systems within Microsoft and Twitter have revealed that a major challenge with these frameworks is to tune them in order to meet the required performance and also maintain this level of performance over time. In this paper, we present the open problems and challenges in supporting streaming systems that self-regulate. Such systems automatically adjust their configuration to meet service level objectives (SLOs) even in the presence of external load variations or internal faults such as slow hardware. To address some of these challenges, we propose using machine learning techniques such as supervised learning and reinforcement learning which can potentially further improve the application management lifecycle. We believe that exploring machine learning in the context of self-regulating streaming systems is a rich area for future research with can impact the ways streaming applications are managed.
Polarization issues in optoelectronic systems (2003)

In this paper, the numerically efficient finite element based full vectorial modal and propagation approaches are used to design and optimize various photonic components for the manipulation of polarization effects in opto-electronic systems. Designs of directional coupler-based polarization splitters both using a metal cladding and without a metal cladding are presented. It is also shown that a compact polarization splitters both using a metal cladding and without a metal cladding are presented. It is also shown that a compact polarization splitter can be designed by using single section or two-section multimode interference (MMI) guides. In this paper, a novel concept of a single polarization optical waveguide with layered core is introduced and its expected performance is reported, along with its experimental validation. In this paper, the origin of polarization cross-talk and design approaches to minimize its detrimental effects is also presented. Finally, designs of single and multiple sectioned passive polarization rotators using waveguides with slanted side-walls are also presented.
Spatial transcoding from Scalable Video Coding to H.264/AVC (2009)

Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is backwards compatible to H.264/AVC in the sense that the base layer sub-bitstream is decodable by an H.264/AVC decoder. However, there are applications wherein it is desirable for an H.264/AVC decoder to obtain a higher resolution video representation than the base layer within SVC. In order to fulfill the needs of such application scenarios, transcoding of SVC enhancement layers to H.264/AVC is required. This paper presents a transcoding scheme that is capable of transcoding a spatial scalable SVC bitstreams to H.264/AVC bitstreams that provide high resolution than the H.264/AVC compliant base layer. To reduce the complexity at the transcoder, a fast mode decision (MD) process is proposed, wherein the original SVC macroblock coding modes and motion information are reused as much as possible. Experimental results show that proposed scheme performs elegantly compared with full-decoding-and-encoding transcoding with low computational complexity.
A Call Graph Mining and Matching Based Defect Localization Technique (2013)

Locating defects in the source code of a software system is one of the most challenging tasks in software debugging. Defect localization tools aim to assist developers in finding the location of defects. Both static and dynamic analysis approaches are used. In the case of dynamic approaches, two different scenarios apply. The first is one in which we have multiple (different) executions that exhibit the faulty behavior. The second is one in which we have just a single faulty execution. This is the focus of this paper. In this paper, we present a novel technique for localization of structure-affecting defects (i.e., defects that make an execution diverge from the expected path, thus creating unexpected dynamic call graphs), using tree mining and tree matching techniques. Given a target system and a failing test case, the proposed technique finds methods in the source code of the system which are likely to have caused the failure (i.e., defective) or lie on the same path in the dynamic call tree representation of the failing execution as the defective methods, and thus can be used as a starting point to find the defective method(s). The proposed defect localization technique is implemented as a prototype and evaluated using four subject programs of various sizes, developed in Java or C. Our experiments show comparable results to similar defect localization tools, but unlike most of its counterparts, our technique does not require the availability of multiple failing executions to localize the defects. We believe that this is a major advantage, since it is often the case that we have only a single failing execution to work with.
Implementation of Deep-Learning-Based CSI Feedback Reporting on 5G NR-Compliant Link-Level Simulator (2023)

Advances in machine learning have widened the range of its applications in many fields. In particular, deep learning has attracted much interest for its ability to provide solutions where the derivation of a rigorous mathematical model of the problem is troublesome. Our interest was drawn to the application of deep learning for channel state information feedback reporting, a crucial problem in frequency division duplexing (FDD) 5G networks, where knowledge of the channel characteristics is fundamental to exploiting the full potential of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We designed a framework adopting a 5G New Radio convolutional neural network, called NR-CsiNet, with the aim of compressing the channel matrix experienced by the user at the receiver side and then reconstructing it at the transmitter side. In contrast to similar solutions, our framework is based on a 5G New Radio fully compliant simulator, thus implementing a channel generator based on the latest 3GPP 3-D channel model. Moreover, realistic 5G scenarios are considered by including multi-receiving antenna schemes and noisy downlink channel estimation. Simulations were carried out to analyze and compare the performance with current feedback reporting schemes, showing promising results for this approach from the point of view of the block error rate and throughput of the 5G data channel.
Phase separation and physical properties of PEO-containing poly(ether ester amide)s (2002)

Poly(ether ester amide) (PEEA) copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), 1,4-butanediol, and dimethyl-7,12-diaza-6,13-dione-1,18-octadecanedioate (a diester-diamide monomer) were synthesized by a two-step polycondensation reaction. The obtained segmented copolymers are hydrophilic, with a water uptake of 24-340%. PEEA copolymers showed microphase separation, as observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The long spacing determined by small-angle X-ray scattering shows an increase in the hydrophilic domain size with increasing PEO content. By varying the copolymer composition, the E-modulus of PEEA could be varied between 61 and 427 MPa, with tensile strengths ranging from 12 to 39 MPa. The elongation at break can reach values up to 850%. The mechanical properties decrease with the uptake of water. However, PEEAs with a relatively low content of PEO still retain good tensile properties and are, in principle, suitable for biomedical applications.
Newly identified sleep–wake and circadian circuits as potential therapeutic targets (2019)

Optogenetics and chemogenetics are powerful tools, allowing the specific activation or inhibition of targeted neuronal subpopulations. Application of these techniques to sleep and circadian research has resulted in the unveiling of several neuronal populations that are involved in sleep-wake control, and allowed a comprehensive interrogation of the circuitry through which these nodes are coordinated to orchestrate the sleep-wake cycle. In this review, we discuss six recently described sleep-wake and circadian circuits that show promise as therapeutic targets for sleep medicine. The parafacial zone (PZ) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are potential druggable targets for the treatment of insomnia. The brainstem circuit underlying rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) offers new possibilities for treating RBD and neurodegenerative synucleinopathies, whereas the parabrachial nucleus, as a nexus linking arousal state control and breathing, is a promising target for developing treatments for sleep apnea. Therapies that act upon the hypothalamic circuitry underlying the circadian regulation of aggression or the photic regulation of arousal and mood pathway carry enormous potential for helping to reduce the socioeconomic burden of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders on society. Intriguingly, the development of chemogenetics as a therapeutic strategy is now well underway and such an approach has the capacity to lead to more focused and less invasive therapies for treating sleep-wake disorders and related comorbidities.