gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Right Ventricular Long Noncoding RNA Expression in Human Heart Failure (2015)

The expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human heart failure (HF) has not been widely studied. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), we compared lncRNA expression in 22 explanted human HF hearts with lncRNA expression in 5 unused donor human hearts. We used Cufflinks to identify isoforms and DESeq to identify differentially expressed genes. We identified the noncoding RNAs by cross-reference to Ensembl release 73 (Genome Reference Consortium human genome build 37) and explored possible functional roles using a variety of online tools. In HF hearts, RNA-Seq identified 84,793 total messenger RNA coding and noncoding different transcripts, including 13,019 protein-coding genes, 2,085 total lncRNA genes, and 1,064 pseudogenes. By Ensembl noncoding RNA categories, there were 48 lncRNAs, 27 pseudogenes, and 30 antisense RNAs for a total of 105 differentially expressed lncRNAs in HF hearts. Compared with donor hearts, HF hearts exhibited differential expression of 7.7% of protein-coding genes, 3.7% of lncRNAs (including pseudogenes), and 2.5% of pseudogenes. There were not consistent correlations between antisense lncRNAs and parent genes and between pseudogenes and parent genes, implying differential regulation of expression. Exploratory in silico functional analyses using online tools suggested a variety of possible lncRNA regulatory roles. By providing a comprehensive profile of right ventricular polyadenylated messenger RNA transcriptome in HF, RNA-Seq provides an inventory of differentially expressed lncRNAs, including antisense transcripts and pseudogenes, for future mechanistic study.
Centenario de la Gaceta de Madrid, 1661–1961. (Madrid: Imprenta Nacional del Boletín oficial del Estado, 1961. Pp. 32. Boletín oficial del Estado, Gaceta de Madrid, Feb. 28, suplemento.) (1963)

Centenario de la Gaceta de Madrid, 1661–1961. (Madrid: Imprenta Nacional del Boletín oficial del Estado, 1961. Pp. 32. Boletín oficial del Estado, Gaceta de Madrid, Feb. 28, suplemento.) - Volume 57 Issue 1
On the polarimetric contrast optimization (1987)

The problem considered is one of finding the polarization state of an antenna such that a power ratio due to two different objects is optimized. It is reduced to an optimization problem of two Hermitian forms which can be simultaneously diagonalized using a well-known linear-algebraic construction. The corresponding polarization vectors are found. The calculations are performed directly on the expression for the energy density of the reflected wave as a function of the transmitter polarization and are, therefore, decoupled from the receiving antenna parameters. Such decoupling is particularly convenient in bistatic applications.
Targeted ultrasound contrast agents: diagnostic and therapeutic potential (2002)

Future clinical applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound will likely expand beyond the assessment of microvascular perfusion. One promising direction is the development of the field of "molecular imaging" with microbubbles or other ultrasound contrast agents. This application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound requires the development of site-targeted contrast agents that are retained within regions of a specific disease process, thereby allowing phenotypic characterization of tissue. Since microbubbles are pure intravascular tracers, the disease processes to be assessed must be characterized by unique antigens or "fingerprints" that are expressed within the vascular compartment. Accordingly, the pathologic states that have been or will be imaged include inflammation, atherosclerosis, neoplasms, thrombus formation, and angiogenesis, all of which are initiated and supported by molecular events within the vascular space. This review describes: 1) different strategies that have been employed to direct microbubbles to regions of disease, 2) the unique challenges for imaging targeted ultrasound contrast agents, and 3) some of the early experience imaging molecular events in animal models of disease.
NXG01-1: Improving the Accuracy of EEAC-SV with Smart Packet Marking (2006)

Explicit endpoint admission control with service vector (EEAC-SV) is a solution that allows a multi-hop connection in a Diffserv network to utilize different service classes in different routers along the path, thus enabling the network to provide QoS with fine granularity and improved network utilization. EEAC-SV relies on the QoS information in the pre-marked probing packet to select the optimal service vector. However, owing to the overhead constraint, the QoS information in the probing packet can only be conveyed in a quantized manner. The mathematical model indicates that with the same amount of overhead, the performance of EEAC-SV can be optimized with the proper packet marking strategy. In this paper, we propose the smart packet marking strategy to improve the EEAC-SV performance in terms of reducing the false routing probability. Smart packet marking is a stochastic solution which, based on the knowledge of the history of network QoS performances and user behaviors, defines the boundaries of each quantization level in such a way to improve the routing accuracy. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that smart packet marking outperforms the packet marking strategy that does not take stochastic information into consideration.
Decoupling the effects of composition and strain on the vibrational modes of GeSn semiconductors (2020)

Abstract We report on the behavior of Ge-Ge, Ge-Sn, Sn-Sn like, and disorder-activated (DA) vibrational modes in GeSn semiconductors investigated using Raman scattering spectroscopy. By using an excitation wavelength close to the E 1 gap, all modes are clearly resolved and their evolution as a function of strain and Sn content is established. Previous Raman scattering studies mainly focused on the Ge-Ge peak position which is insufficient to evaluate the effects of lattice strain and Sn content. Herein to decouple the individual contributions of content and strain, the analysis was conducted on a series of pseudomorphic and relaxed epitaxial layers with a Sn content in the 5–17 at.% range. The frequencies of all vibrational modes were found to display qualitatively the same behavior as a function of content and strain, that is a linear downshift as the Sn content increases or the compressive strain relaxes. Simultaneously, the Ge-Sn and Ge-Ge peaks broaden, and the latter becomes increasingly asymmetric. The behavior of the integrated intensity, width, and asymmetry of each one of these vibrational modes was also evaluated. We found that an increase in Sn content is associated with an increase in the relative integrated intensity of Ge-Sn and DA modes. The latter also increases as the layers become more compressively strained and become more prominent under the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced close=")" open="("> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>ˉ</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mspace width="thinmathspace"/> </mml:math> configuration as the intensity of the adjacent longitudinal optical modes decreases. The Raman mode asymmetry, coupled with the peak position, is exploited to implement an empirical approach to accurately quantify the Sn composition and lattice strain from Raman spectra.
Recent Development in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysts and Their Practical Implementation (2015)

The past 10 years have seen great advances in the field of electrochemical hydrogen evolution. In particular, several new nonprecious metal electrocatalysts, for example, the MoS2 or the Ni2P family of materials, have emerged as contenders for electrochemical hydrogen evolution under harsh acidic conditions offering nearly platinum-like catalytic performance. The developments have been particularly fast in the last 5 years, and the present Perspective highlights key developments and discusses them, along with hydrogen evolution in general, in the context of the global energy problem.
Structural analysis of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody dimer by hydroxyl radical footprinting (2013)

Hydroxyl radical footprinting is a covalent labeling strategy used to probe the conformational properties of proteins in solution. We describe the first application of this high resolution technique for characterizing the structure of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) dimer. As monitored by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), therapeutic mAbs typically contain small amounts of a dimer species relative to the primary monomeric form in its drug substance or drug product. To determine its structural orientation, a sample enriched in an IgG1 mAb dimer was oxidized by hydroxyl radicals generated by exposure of the aqueous solution to synchrotron X-rays in millisecond timescales. The antibody monomer that served as a control was oxidized in a similar fashion. The oxidized samples were digested with trypsin and analyzed by RP-UHPLC-MS. The footprinting data show that peptides displaying decreased rates of oxidation (i.e., regions of increased protection) in the dimer are localized in the light and heavy chains of the Fab domain. The interface region for the monomers comprising the dimer was thus inferred to be between their Fab arms, allowing us to model two possible theoretical dimer orientations: a head-to-head, single arm-bound Fab-to-Fab dimer, and a head-to-head, double arm-bound Fab (') 2-to-Fab (') 2 dimer. Lower resolution fragment-SEC analysis of the dimer and monomer samples treated with papain or FabRICATOR enzyme provided complimentary evidence to support the Fab/Fab orientation of the IgG1 dimer.
High Integrity Pressure Protection System for ESP Activated Wells (2014)

Abstract The use of downhole Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP) provides a means of producing oil reservoirs that are non-eruptive and requires artificial lift to produce the reservoirs. The maximum expected wellhead pressure (MEWHP) of these wells takes account of the ESP parameters and in some cases, for instance after a long shutdown, the MEWHP of an ESP well can be as much as five times greater than the maximum wellhead flowing pressure (MWHFP). This creates a challenge for the design of surface facilities, as even though the reservoir pressure may be low, there exists the possibility for overpressure of the facilities by the ESPs. The design of the surface facilities therefore needs to account for possible overpressure from these pumps. High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS) provide an alternate protection to the use of traditional pressure relief systems in cases where the installation of these systems is not technically feasible or where their installation would result in a disproportionate cost to the project and possible inacceptable environmental impact. The traditional HIPPS design uses closure of a valve as the final element for isolating the overpressure source. This paper presents the results of a study that uses an ‘Electrical HIPPS’ system to directly isolate the electrical source to the ESPs thereby stopping the pumps and removing the overpressure source. The study demonstrates that an electrical HIPPS architecture can be used to protect the surface facilities from overpressure from the ESPs. The use of this design provides an overpressure protection system with a much faster reaction time, as valve closure time is no longer a limiting factor in stopping the source of overpressure. It further shows that a HIPPS design based on this architecture can achieve a HIPPS layer reliability equivalent to SIL 3, in low demand mode, and with an acceptable test period from an operational point of view.
REGULATION FOR THE USE OF ELECTRIC SCOOTERS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA AND THE SWISS CONFEDERATION (2021)

В статье рассматривается нормативное регулирование участия в дорожном движении электрических скутеров и электрических самокатов в Федеративной Республике Германия, Австрийской Республике, Швейцарской Конфедерации. Проводится анализ требований национального законодательства к конструкции данного вида транспортных средств, участию их в дорожном движении, страхованию, управлению. Устанавливаются общие для всех рассматриваемых стран тенденции к регулированию участия в дорожном движении электроскутеров. The article discusses the regulation of the participation in the road traffic of electric scooters, electric scooters in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Austrian Republic, the Swiss Confederation. The analysis of the requirements of national legislation for the design of this type of vehicles, their participation in road traffic, insurance, management is carried out. The study identifies trends in the regulation of electric scooter participation in road traffic that are common for all countries under consideration.
Prediction of fractional-N spurs for UHF PLL frequency synthesizers (1999)

Fast settling-time added to the already conflicting requirements of narrow channel spacing and low phase noise lead to fractional-N divider techniques for PLL synthesizers. We analyze discrete "beat-note" spurious levels from arbitrary modulus divide sequences including those from classic accumulator methods. The results are compared with measurements.
Household air pollution and lung cancer in China： a review of studies in Xuanwei (2014)

Over half of the world’s population is exposed to household air pollution from the burning of solid fuels at home. Household air pollution from solid fuel use is a leading risk factor for global disease and remains a major public health problem, especially in low- and mid-income countries. This is a particularly serious problem in China, where many people in rural areas still use coal for household heating and cooking. This review focuses on several decades of research carried out in Xuanwei County, Yunnan Province, where household coal use is a major source of household air pollution and where studies have linked household air pollution exposure to high rates of lung cancer. We conducted a series of case-control and cohort studies in Xuanwei to characterize the lung cancer risk in this population and the factors associated with it. We found lung cancer risk to vary substantially between different coal types, with a higher risk associated with smoky(i.e., bituminous) coal use compared to smokeless(i.e., anthracite) coal use. The installation of a chimney in homes resulted in a substantial reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality. Overall, our research underscores the need among existing coal users to improve ventilation, use the least toxic fuel, and eventually move toward the use of cleaner fuels, such as gas and electricity.
Generating visual editors for formally specified languages (2002)

We discuss the generation of structured visual editors for formally specified languages. We use the term structured visual editor to refer to a structure-oriented editor which provides language specific behavior and supports the interactive construction of programs. This paper describes how such a visual editor can be generated from a formal language specification including the language's visual syntax. A simple visual expression editor is presented in order to demonstrate our approach. Our prototype implementation is discussed at the end of the paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effects on in vitro tumor growth of murine macrophages isolated from sarcoma lines differing in immunogenicity and metastasizing capacity (1978)

Abstract Macrophages were isolated from the strongly immunogenic, non‐metastasizing FS6 sarcoma transplanted in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice and from a weakly immunogenic, spontaneously metastasizing line (mFS6) of the same tumor. Macrophages isolated from the FS6 sarcoma non‐specifically inhibited growth and DNA synthesis of tumor cells in vitro . After culture FS6 macrophages rapidly lost their cytotoxic activity and became capable of non‐specifically stimulating tumor growth in vitro . Macrophages obtained from the mFS6 tumor non‐specifically enhanced the proliferative activity of tumor target cells and this capacity was maintained when the macrophages were cultured.
An interactive computer program for solving secular equations (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn interactive computer program for solving secular equationsJohn R. Potts and Daniel J. Macero Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 7, 494Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 July 1973Published inissue 1 July 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ed050p494Request reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (334 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sorption of trace cesium on 21 Hanford Site sediment types (1980)

Sorption of trace cesium (Cs) was measured on 21 Hanford Site sediment types. A Box-Behnken statistical design was used to develop empirical-statistical equations predicting /sup 137/Cs sorption as a function of the equilibrium concentrations of macroions Na/sup +/, K/sup +/, and Ca/sup +2/ in solution over the concentration ranges of 3.0 to 0.001M, 0.2 to 0.002M, and 0.2 to 0.002M, respectively. These equations are required to estimate trace Cs transport from Hanford ground disposal sites. Average Cs sorption equations for the 21 sediments will be presented and discussed.
An adaptive Sliding Window based on Fuzzy Filter for removing Wide-range Impulse Noise Densities on the Image Sequence (2013)

In this work, we propose a filter using adaptive sliding window based on a fuzzy filter to reduce impulse noise corruption in the image sequence. Two uncorrupted pixels are selected from w t and w t+1 windows. An effective method for reducing of impulse noise and obtaining a fast computation time process is presented in our research paper by adopting a fuzzy theory. Fuzzy is knowledge-based and robust, that cause several methods based on fuzzy method will get a better result in the filtering image. Experimental results of quantitative and qualitative parameters have provided a high Mean Structural Similarity (MSSIM) index, a high Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), a good visual result and a fast computing time at various percentages of impulse noise densities in the image sequence.
Reduced circular field‐of‐view imaging (1998)

A rapid dynamic imaging technique based on polar k-space sampling is presented. A gain in temporal resolution is achieved by angular undersampling. A detailed analysis of the point spread function of angular undersampled polar imaging reveals a reduced diameter of the corresponding circular field of view. Under the assumption that dynamic changes are restricted to a local circular field of view, angular undersampled dynamic imaging allows the recording of rapid changes at high temporal and spatial resolution. The theoretical and experimental details of the technique are presented.
Job Matching, Coalition Formation, and Gross Substitutes (1982)

Competitive adjustment processes in labor markets with perfect information but heterogeneous firms and workers are studied. Generalizing results of Shapley and Shubik [7], and of Crawford and Knoer [1], we show that equilibrium in such markets exists and is stable, in spite of workers' discrete choices among jobs, provided that all workers are gross substitutes from each firm's standpoint. We also generalize Gale and Shapley's [3] result that the equilibrium to which the adjustment process converges is biased in favor of agents on the side of the market that makes offers, beyond the class of economies to which it was extended by Crawford and Knoer [1]. Finally, we use our techniques to establish the existence of equilibrium in a wider class of markets, and some sensible comparative statics results about the effects of adding agents to the market are obtained. THE ARROW-DEBREU THEORY of general economic equilibrium has long been recognized as a powerful and elegant tool for the analysis of resource allocation in market economies. Not all markets fit equally well into the Arrow-Debreu framework, however. Consider, for example, the labor market-or the housing market, which provides an equally good example for most of our purposes. Essential features of the labor market are pervasive uncertainty about market opportunities on the part of participants, extensive heterogeneity, in the sense that job satisfaction and productivity generally differ (and are expected to differ) interactively and significantly across workers and jobs, and large set-up costs and returns to specialization that typically limit workers to one job. All of these features can be fitted formally into the Arrow-Debreu framework. State-contingent general equilibrium theory, for example, provides a starting point for studying the effects of uncertainty. But this analysis has been made richer and its explanatory power broadened by the examination of equilibrium with incomplete markets, search theory, and market signaling theory. The purpose of this paper is to attempt some improvements in another dimension: we study the outcome of competitive sorting processes in markets where complete heterogeneity prevails (or may prevail). To do this, we take as given the implications of set-up costs and returns to specialization by assuming that, while firms can hire any number of workers, workers can take at most one job. We also return to the simplification of perfect information. In the customary view of competitive markets, agents take market prices as given and respond noncooperatively to them. In this framework equilibrium cannot exist in general unless the goods traded in each market are truly homogeneous; heterogeneity therefore generally requires a very large number of markets. And since these markets are necessarily extremely thin-in many cases containing only a single agent on each side-the traditional stories supporting the plausibility of price-taking behavior are quite strained.