gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deorphaning Pyrrolopyrazines as Potent Multi‐Target Antimalarial Agents (2014)

The discovery of pyrrolopyrazines as potent antimalarial agents is presented, with the most effective compounds exhibiting EC50 values in the low nanomolar range against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum in human red blood cells, and Plasmodium berghei liver schizonts, with negligible HepG2 cytotoxicity. Their potential mode of action is uncovered by predicting macromolecular targets through avant-garde computer modeling. The consensus prediction method suggested a functional resemblance between ligand binding sites in non-homologous target proteins, linking the observed parasite elimination to IspD, an enzyme from the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, and multi-kinase inhibition. Further computational analysis suggested essential P. falciparum kinases as likely targets of our lead compound. The results obtained validate our methodology for ligand- and structure-based target prediction, expand the bioinformatics toolbox for proteome mining, and provide unique access to deciphering polypharmacological effects of bioactive chemical agents.
AP1000 Passive Residual Heat Removal Heat Exchanger Confirmatory Analysis (2006)

The AP1000 is an 1100 MWe advanced nuclear power plant that uses passive safety features to enhance plant safety and to provide significant and measurable improvements in plant simplification, reliability, investment protection and plant costs. The AP1000 received final design approval from the US-NRC in 2004. The AP1000 design is based on the AP600 design that received final design approval in 1999. Wherever possible, the AP1000 plant configuration and layout was kept the same as AP600 to take advantage of the maturity of the design and to minimize new design efforts. As a result, the two-loop configuration was maintained for AP1000, and the containment vessel diameter was kept the same. It was determined that this significant power uprate was well within the capability of the passive safety features, and that the safety margins for AP1000 were greater than those of operating PWRs. A key feature of the passive core cooling system is the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger (PRHR HX) that provides decay heat removal for postulated LOCA and non-LOCA events. The PRHR HX is a C-tube heat exchanger located in the in-containment refueling water storage tank (IRWST) above the core promoting natural circulation heat removal between the reactor cooling system and the tank. Component testing was performed for the AP600 PRHR HX to determine the heat transfer characteristics and to develop correlations to be used for the AP1000 safety analysis codes. The data from these tests were confirmed by subsequent integral tests at three separate facilities including the ROSA facility in Japan. Owing to the importance of this component, an independent analysis has been performed using the ATHOS-based computational fluid dynamics computer code PRHRCFD. Two separate models of the PRHR HX and IRWST have been developed representing the ROSA test geometry and the AP1000 plant geometry. Confirmation of the ROSA test results were used to validate PRHRCFD, and the AP1000 plant model was used to confirm the heat removal capacity for the full-sized heat exchanger. The results of these simulations show that the heat removal capacity of the PRHR HX is conservatively represented in the AP1000 safety analyses.
Efficacy of Coronary Stenting Versus Balloon Angioplasty in Small Coronary Arteries (1998)

These findings suggest that elective stent placement provides superior angiographic and clinical outcomes than balloon angioplasty in vessels slightly smaller than 3 mm.
Effects of ruminative and distracting responses to depressed mood on retrieval of autobiographical memories. (1998)

Four studies explored the effects of self-focused rumination vs. distraction on dysphoric and nondysphoric students' retrieval of autobiographical memories. Dysphorics induced to ruminate subsequently recalled more negatively biased autobiographical memories in free recall (Study 1) and in response to prompts for memories (Study 2) than either dysphorics who first distracted themselves from their mood or nondysphoric controls. In Study 3, dysphoric rumination led students to recall negative events as occurring relatively frequently in their lives and positive events as occurring relatively infrequently. In Study 4, judges scored transcripts of participants' thoughts as expressed aloud while engaging in rumination or distraction. Codings revealed that dysphoric ruminators spontaneously generated memories that were more negative than those of the other three groups. Implications of a ruminative response style for progress in therapy, as well as for enhancing dysphoria and negatively biased cognitive processes, are discussed.
Antireflection behavior of silicon subwavelength periodic structures for visible light (1997)

We describe subwavelength surfaces etched into silicon wafers that exhibit antireflection characteristics for visible light. The wafers are fabricated by holographically recording a crossed-grating in a photoresist mask followed by reactive-ion etching to transfer the primary mask onto the silicon substrate. The dependence of reflectivity on the wavelength and angle of incidence is measured. The overall antireflection performance of the corrugated silicon wafers is compared with that of standard thin-film stacks, and is interpreted with the effective medium theory and with simulation results obtained from rigorous computations.
Vitamin K-Antagonists Accelerate Atherosclerotic Calcification and Induce a Vulnerable Plaque Phenotype (2012)

VKA use is associated with coronary artery plaque calcification in patients with suspected CAD and causes changes in plaque morphology with features of plaque vulnerability in ApoE(-/-) mice. Our findings underscore the need for alternative anticoagulants that do not interfere with the vitamin K cycle.
SPONTANEOUS BASILAR ARTERY DISSECTION AS A CAUSE OF STROKE IN YOUNG CHILDREN: REPORT OF TWO CASES (2006)

Conclusion: With the advent of MRA, cervicocerebral dissection is being recognized more frequently as a cause of stroke in children. Most dissections involve the anterior circulation and the majority involve the extracranial arteries. Basilar artery dissection has been reported in only few cases. We report two cases of basilar artery dissection in children under the age of 3 years. In each case the diagnosis was established by the presence of intramural hematoma on MRA. Neither child had significant head or neck trauma. Work up for cardioembolic, vasculitic, prothrombotic, and mitochondrial disorders were normal. One was treated with Aspirin and the other received Low Molecular Weight Heparin. Both made a complete recovery in one week. Case 1: A 3 year old boy presented with acute right hemiparesis. Brain MRI showed two strokes of different ages in the left thalamus extending to the posterior limb of the internal capsule. Intracranial and extracranial MRA showed dissection of the entire left vertebral artery extending to the basilar artery with interruption of both PCAs, left more proximally than right. Case 2: A 14 month old boy presented with acute right hemiplegia. Brain MRI showed acute infarctions in multiple sites involving left thalamus and internal capsule, left occipital lobe, and bilateral cerebellum. Intracranial and extracranial MRA showed dissection of the basilar artery. A small segment of the left vertebral artery, which is not contiguous with the basilar artery dissection, was also suspicious for dissection. Basilar artery dissection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute hemiplegia in young children even in the absence of significant trauma. MRA with T1 weighted images is useful in establishing the diagnosis.
Adjustments of molecular key components of branchial ion and pH regulation in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in response to ocean acidification and warming (2015)

Marine teleost fish sustain compensation of extracellular pH after exposure to hypercapnia by means of efficient ion and acid-base regulation. Elevated rates of ion and acid-base regulation under hypercapnia may be stimulated further by elevated temperature. Here, we characterized the regulation of transepithelial ion transporters (NKCC1, NBC1, SLC26A6, NHE1 and 2) and ATPases (Na(+)/K(+) ATPase and V-type H(+) ATPase) in gills of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) after 4 weeks of exposure to ambient and future PCO2 levels (550 μatm, 1200 μatm, 2200 μatm) at optimum (10 °C) and summer maximum temperature (18 °C), respectively. Gene expression of most branchial ion transporters revealed temperature- and dose-dependent responses to elevated PCO2. Transcriptional regulation resulted in stable protein expression at 10 °C, whereas expression of most transport proteins increased at medium PCO2 and 18 °C. mRNA and protein expression of distinct ion transport proteins were closely co-regulated, substantiating cellular functional relationships. Na(+)/K(+) ATPase capacities were PCO2 independent, but increased with acclimation temperature, whereas H(+) ATPase capacities were thermally compensated but decreased at medium PCO2 and 10 °C. When functional capacities of branchial ATPases were compared with mitochondrial F1Fo ATP-synthase strong correlations of F1Fo ATP-synthase and ATPase capacities generally indicate close coordination of branchial aerobic ATP demand and supply. Our data indicate physiological plasticity in the gills of cod to adjust to a warming, acidifying ocean within limits. In light of the interacting and non-linear, dose-dependent effects of both climate factors the role of these mechanisms in shaping resilience under climate change remains to be explored.
Frequency-tunable and absorption/transmission-switchable microwave absorber based on a chitin-nanofiber-derived elastic carbon aerogel (2023)

The increasing use of microwaves in wireless communications has caused severe electromagnetic pollution. As the frequency range for wireless communication is expanding, it is highly desirable to develop a microwave absorber that can smartly and reversibly tune its absorption and transmission properties on demand to transmit required frequencies and absorb unwanted frequencies. Herein, an absorption-frequency-tunable and absorption/transmission-switchable microwave absorber is developed based on the controlled compression of a chitin-derived elastic carbon aerogel. The maximum absorption frequency is tuned from 10.4 to 11.0, 11.5, and 12.1 GHz by varying the compression strain from 0 to 20, 40, and 60%, respectively, while the maximum absorption intensity is maintained at approximately −40 dB. This frequency-tunable absorption is achieved by reducing the thickness of the carbon aerogel while retaining its moderate dielectric loss tangent. Further compression from 60 to 80% switches the carbon aerogel from being a microwave absorber to transmitter while causing impedance mismatch and changing its dielectric loss tangent from moderate to low levels. The frequency tunability and microwave absorption/transmission switching capability are reversible and repeatable for at least 60,000 cycles of compression and recovery. This study provides insights into the smart and reversible control of microwave absorbing properties and paves the way for multifunctional and robust absorbers.
Thermomechanical modelling of a torpedo car by considering working lining spalling (2018)

Lining spalling can occur in metallurgical vessels since their working linings experience intense thermomechanical loads in service. It is necessary to consider the spalling phenomenon in the thermomechanical modelling to better understand the thermomechanical behaviour of refractory linings. The present study introduces a stepwise volumetric loss method to consider spalling during process cycles, to examine the influence of insulating materials on the thermal and thermomechanical behaviour of the refractory lining of a torpedo car. The results reveal that the application of proper insulating materials with strong insulation effect decreases the heat loss, thermal shock intensity, and joint opening at the hot face although the joint opening during refining stages worsens when severe spalling occurs in certain cycles. The application of compliant insulating materials gives rise to mild thermomechanical loads in the steel shell.
Identification of Nsp100 as elongation factor 2 (EF‐2) (1989)

The nerve growth factor-sensitive phosphoprotein from PC12 cells, previously designated Nsp100, has been shown to be elongation factor 2 (EF-2). The criteria used for this identification include: (i) similarity of N-terminal sequence; (ii) phosphorylation by the same kinase; (iii) ADP-ribosylation mediated by diphtheria toxin; (iv) comparable function in cell-free protein synthesis. According to these criteria, Nsp100 and EF-2 are identical and the kinase that phosphorylates Nsp100 in PC12 cells is calcium/calmodulin kinase III.
Determination of surface-induced platelet activation by applying time-dependency dissipation factor versus frequency using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (2011)

Platelet adhesion and activation rates are frequently used to assess the thrombogenicity of biomaterials, which is a crucial step for the development of blood-contacting devices. Until now, electron and confocal microscopes have been used to investigate platelet activation but they failed to characterize this activation quantitatively and in real time. In order to overcome these limitations, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) was employed and an explicit time scale introduced in the dissipation versus frequency plots (Df-t) provided us with quantitative data at different stages of platelet activation. The QCM-D chips were coated with thrombogenic and non-thrombogenic model proteins to develop the methodology, further extended to investigate polymer thrombogenicity. Electron microscopy and immunofluorescence labelling were used to validate the QCM-D data and confirmed the relevance of Df-t plots to discriminate the activation rate among protein-modified surfaces. The responses showed the predominant role of surface hydrophobicity and roughness towards platelet activation and thereby towards polymer thrombogenicity. Modelling experimental data obtained with QCM-D with a Matlab code allowed us to define the rate at which mass change occurs (A/B), to obtain an A/B value for each polymer and correlate this value with polymer thrombogenicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Neural Networks to Pharmacodynamics. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photoshop CC: Essential Skills (2013)

New to Photoshop? Looking to unlock the impressive power of Photoshop CC? Want to master image editing techniques and achieve professional-level results? Then Photoshop CC: Essential Skills is the resource you need. This book and companion website’s proven combination of real world image editing examples, step-by-step projects, and professional advice from two internationally recognized authors and Adobe Photoshop Ambassadors delivers an essential learning experience for beginner to intermediate Photoshop users. This self-study guide to Photoshop CC covers the foundational skills for photographers and image editors to get started before moving onto more advanced image editing and photomontage techniques. A complete section of step-by-step imaging projects and 10+ hours of video tutorials on the companion website hone image editing skills to yield expert-quality results.
Highly conserved coding sequences in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-degraders of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 and Pseudomonas putida KF715. (1991)

Sixteen strains that utilize biphenyl or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) as the sole source of carbon and energy have previously been isolated. Nucleotide sequence of the bphABCXD operon (11 kb) of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 has now been determined. When bphD region is compared with the previously reported bphD sequence of another PCB-degrader, Pseudomonas putida KF715, homologies at the level of nucleotides as well as amino acids are as high as 96%. Moreover, both bphABCXD operon (KF707) and bphABCD operon (KF715) share the identical transcriptional initiation site. Since these aromatic hydrocarbon-degraders are coded on chromosomes, whereas other majorities of hydrocarbon-degraders are coded on plasmids, there must be a mechanism governing the chromosomal gene-shuffling.
MR Imaging Method for Measurement of Local Dynamics in Human Tissues (1994)

Title: MR Imaging Method for Measurement of Local Dynamics in Human Tissues | Keywords: MRl, Perfusion, Local dynamics, Deformation, Optical flow | Author: Kazuhiro Homma, Kiyoyuki Chinzei and Koji Hyodo
CCDC 271791: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2006)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Optical Memory Application Assessment. (1997)

Abstract : Optical memory technology affords the promise of faster, more compact and larger capacity storage capabilities for high performance computing requirements. Many military programs have such requirements and development of this technology will be critical to accomplishing these goals. In the development of optical memory technology, certain tradeoffs will be required among various system parameters such as capacity and access time. In order the maximize the utility of this technology, the development must be planned and prioritized to foresee these tradeoffs in the optimum way. Under this effort, 3-D optical memory technology was reviewed and compared with other competing storage technologies. In addition, ground, airborne and space military applications were reviewed and system requirements identified. A technology roadmap to guide future developments was created.
Direct Computation of Fracture Network Equivalent Porous Medium Properties Using Digital Outcrop Models (2017)

Summary In the present work, near-deterministic DFNs constrained to exposed fracture trace patterns are used as the basis for fracture porosity and permeability calculations. The method uses a moving window spatial search across a digital outcrop model surface to derive per-vertex calculations of fracture porosity and Oda’s permeability tensor, based upon normals, apertures and areas captured within the search domain. This analysis produces a spatially resolved vertex property field of fracture permeability which can be used as the basis for geostatistical modelling of fractured rock mass petrophysical properties, foregoing the need to build an intermediary idealized DFN using fracture survey data. The approach is demonstrated using naturally fractured exposures of the Mishrif Formation, UAE.
Extraction and comparison of gene expression patterns from 2D RNA in situ hybridization images (2009)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Quox-1, a quail homeobox gene expressed in the embryonic central nervous system, including the forebrain. (1991)

This paper reports the cloning and sequencing of a quail homeobox-containing gene, Quox-1, and its expression pattern in embryos from 3 to 6 days (E3 to E6) of development as determined by in situ hybridization. The opening reading frame in cDNA clone g11 corresponds to a predicted protein of 242 amino acids. Quox-1 protein displays high sequence similarity to the Antennapedia family, especially to the mouse homeodomain-containing protein Hox-1.1 (100% identity in the homeobox region, 77% at the 5' end beyond the homeobox). However, the carboxyl-terminal domain of the postulated protein has no significant homology with other known homeoproteins, including Hox-1.1. In situ hybridization experiments showed that Quox-1 is widely expressed in the developing central nervous system including the entire brain and the spinal cord. Outside the central nervous system, transcription of Quox-1 was mainly detected in the endoderm-derived epithelium of esophagus, trachea, and other digestive organs, as well as in the sensory epithelium of the olfactory region and perichondrium of the vertebrae. Thus, Quox-1 transcripts have a remarkably wide distribution that, unlike the other vertebrate homeobox genes examined to date, encompasses the rostral part of the developing nervous system, including the forebrain.
Amperometric immunosensing using an indium tin oxide electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotube and poly(ethylene glycol)–silane copolymer (2007)

We describe a sensitive electrochemical immunosensor that takes advantage of the low background current of an indium tin oxide electrode, the good electrocatalytic properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the low biofouling properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-silane copolymer.
Medium-Ring Stereocontrol in the Temporary Silicon-Tethered Ring-Closing Metathesis Approach to the Synthesis of Polyketide Fragments (2016)

The temporary silicon-tethered ring-closing metathesis of chiral non-racemic allylic and homoallylic alcohols affords unsymmetrical <i>Z</i>-configured trisubstituted olefins that readily undergo stereoselective hydroboration and dihydroxylation to provide a novel approach to masked polypropionate and polyol fragments present in an array of biologically important natural products. For example, this strategy provides a convenient method for the construction of polyol fragments relevant to the secondary metabolites amphidinol 3 and lophodiol A, which have antifungal and cytotoxic activity, respectively.
UAV Mission Monitoring and Sequencing (2020)

A method is proposed to enhance the automation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle operations. Waypoint-based missions are augmented with safety monitoring of the UAV as a whole and execution monitoring and control of each mission leg. The monitoring and control are implemented using a Behaviour Tree which is automatically generated from the waypoints. The approach exploits the modularity of Behaviour Trees to populate a standard mission template with modules appropriate to each mission. The result is a highly flexible and reconfigurable framework that is easy to use for those overseeing the flight. Simulated flight results in a simple inspection scenario are provided.
Dual curing of carbon fiber reinforced photoresins for rapid prototyping (2002)

Abstract Photo‐thermal dual‐curing of a carbon fiber reinforced photoresin is reported in this study. The primary limitation of carbon fibers is that they are opaque to ultra‐violet (UV) light, and the resin present inside the carbon fiber tow remains uncured if only a photolytic mechanism is used. Therefore, a dual‐curing resin formulation was developed that consisted of acrylate ester of bisphenol A‐epoxy (primary resin), 1‐hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (a photoinitiator), and lauroyl peroxide (thermal initiator). The fibers were dispersed in the resin and photocured by UV radiation. Subsequently, the composites were thermally cured to solidify the resin present inside the fiber tow. Differential scanning calorimetry indicates that the thermal initiator activates at approximately 70°C. The dual‐cured composites, processed by a dip‐coating technique and also in a desktop photolithography unit, were tack‐free and fully solidified in the interior. Thus, it was established that by using a dualcuring resin formulation, the resin present outside and inside the carbon fiber tow could be cured to produce a carbon fiber reinforced photoresin. Such a reaction scheme has application in composite photolithography where incorporation of carbon fibers into photopolymers can enhance electrical and thermal conductivities of rapid tooling materials.