gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of heat damage in proteins (1970)

1. Bovine plasma albumin (BPA) containing approximately 14% moisture, when heated for 27 h at 115° suffered an appreciable loss of cystine and a small loss of lysine; at 145° all the amino acids except glutamic acid and those with paraffin side-chains, showed considerable losses. Isoleucine also showed some loss through racemization to alloisoleucine. 2. BPA heated at 115° evolved H 2 S; at 145° other sulphur compounds were released as well, all coming from the breakdown of cystine. Possible mechanisms for this are discussed. 3. Ammonia was also liberated from BPA heated at 115°. The degree of correlation of lysine binding in different proteins with ammonia liberation and amide changes has led us to suggest that the main reaction of ε-amino lysine groups is with amide groups of asparagine and glutamine. Reaction of ε-amino groups with carboxylic groups is thought to be less important. 4. Model experiments have shown that a reaction between amide groups and the e-amino group of lysine in proteins can occur at practical drying temperatures. 5. Reactions of the ε-amino group of lysine with destruction products of cystine is also considered to be partially responsible for the lysine binding in heated proteins.
Monitoring plant and soil water status: established and novel methods revisited and their relevance to studies of drought tolerance (2006)

In all studies of the effects of water deficits on plant functioning there is a need for an accurate and comprehensive definition of treatments and their effects on plant water status. The various measures of water status used in plant and soil science are reviewed and their appropriateness for different purposes such as for studies of mechanistic effects of water deficits on plants, for breeding of drought-tolerant plants, or for management of irrigation systems are reviewed. An important conclusion is that the frequent emphasis on water potential rather than on cell turgor can be shown to be misleading, as can be measurements in the leaf. The disadvantages of the current trend towards the omission of necessary water-status measurements, especially common in more molecular studies, are outlined, and recommendations made for minimal sets of measurements for specific types of experiments.
Diethylstilbestrol: recommended dosages for different categories of breast cancer patients. Report of the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group. (1977)

A total of 523 postmenopausal breast cancer patients with progressive disease were entered in a radomized, double-blind study of four dosages of diethylstibestrol (DES): 1.5, 15, 150, OR 1,500 MG/DAY. Higher dosages produced significantly (p less than .05) higher regression rates: 21% for the 1,500 mg dosage, 17% for the 150 mg dosage, 15% for the 15 mg dosage, and 10% for 1.5 mg dosage. Durations of regressions were similar regardless of the dosages used to induce them. Although the highest dosage produced the highest regression rate overall, selecting the best dosage or treatment of choice for each type of patient based on menopausal age and on dominant metastatic site would result in more regressions.
Urine Exosomes for Non-Invasive Assessment of Gene Expression and Mutations of Prostate Cancer (2016)

This pilot study suggests that urinary EVs have the potential to be used as a platform to non-invasively differentiate patients with prostate cancer with very good accuracy. Larger studies are needed to confirm the potential for clinical utility.
Self-assembly of biaxial ordering and molecular tilt angle of chiral smectic liquid crystals in homeotropically aligned cells investigated using infrared spectroscopy (2005)

Temperature dependences of the infrared absorbance have been measured for the four chiral liquid crystal samples in the homeotropic cell configuration. It is shown that the values of the orientational order parameter obtained using this method exhibit a remarkable similarity to the x-ray diffraction results of the smectic layer spacing and lead to accurate values of the molecular tilt angle. This has important consequences for the existing interpretation of the x-ray data. The proposed method, in many cases, may be considered as a valuable alternative to the x-ray diffraction, giving additional, important information about the orientations and the ordering of the molecular fragments. It is found that if the experimentally obtained order parameter is low, then the molecular biaxiality is exceptionally large. The average phenyl ring plane is found to lie close to the molecular tilt plane.
MIOCENE SPORO-POLLEN COMPLEX OF SHANWANG,SHANTUNG (1959)

The Shanwang basin of Shantung peninsula is famous for its rich in fossil flora.Theflora has been critically studied by Profs.H.H.Hu and R.Chaney.According to theiropinions,this flora is of later miocene age.The floristic composition represented by theplant macrofossils is composed mainly of woody dicotyledons.Neither coniferous norfern elements have been observed.In the present paper,the author presents the results of the sporo-pollen analysis.Fromthe rock matrix,the author has found not only some spores of Polypodiaceae,Salvinia?,but also many coniferous pollen,such as Picea,Pinus,Tsuga,Larix and other Pinaceae.Moreover,the pollen grains of herbaceous plants have been frequently found.As far as the present datum is concerned,the Shanwang flora,as represented by thespores of ferns(Polypodiaceac,Salvinia?)amount to 5.01%,while the pollen grains ofconiferae to 23.4% and those of angiosperms to 71.59%;of the latter,woody dicoty-ledons being 57.26%,herbaceous dicotyledons 0.57%,and monocotyledons 13.11%.By the evidence of presence of the fossil pollens of some subtropical elements,suchas Carya and of considerable similarity between the Shanwang flora,as indicated by the sporo-pollen complex,and the recent flora of the Yangtze valley,the author full agreeswith the opinion of Prof.Chaney,that the climate of Shanwang basin during that time waswarmer than that of the present.Age of the Shanwang flora has been considered by Hu and Chaney of later miocene.But,according to the sporo-pollen spectrum,the author suggests it more favourable tomid-late miocene rather than late miocene.The occurrence of fossil leaves of many subtro-pical elements also supports this view.
Suppression of circulating AP001429.1 long non‑coding RNA in obese patients with breast cancer (2021)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of cellular RNA, play a critical regulatory role in several physiological developments and pathological processes, such as tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Obesity is a risk factor for a number of serious health conditions, including breast cancer (BC). However, the underlying mechanisms behind the association between obesity and increased BC incidence and mortality remain unclear. Several studies have reported changes in lncRNA expression due to obesity and BC, independently encouraging further investigation of the relationship between the two in connection with lncRNAs. The present study was designed to first screen for the expression of 29 selected lncRNAs that showed a link to cancer or obesity in the blood of a selected cohort of 6 obese and 6 non-obese patients with BC. The expression levels of significantly expressed lncRNAs, <i>AP001429.1, PCAT6, P5549, P19461</i> and <i>P3134</i>, were further investigated in a larger cohort of 69 patients with BC (36 obese and 33 non-obese), using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results showed not only that <i>AP001429.1</i> remained significantly downregulated in the larger cohort (P=0.002), but also that it was associated with several clinicopathological characteristics, such as negative HER2 status, negative E-cadherin expression, negative vascular invasion, negative margin invasion and LCIS. These findings suggest that obesity may have a role in inhibiting <i>AP001429.1</i> expression, which may serve as a novel potential biomarker and therapeutic target for BC.
A Single-Stage, Bottom-up Approach for Occluded VIS using Spatio-temporal Embeddings (2021)

The task of Video Instance Segmentation (VIS) involves segmenting, tracking and classifying all object instances present in a given video clip. Occluded VIS is a more challenging extension of this task which involves longer video sequences where objects undergo significant occlusions over time. Most existing approaches to VIS involve multiple networks which separately handle segmenting, tracking and classifying object instances, and potentially a set of heuristics to combine the individual network outputs. By contrast, we employ just one, single-stage network without any heuristics or post-processing for the end-to-end task. Our approach is called ’STEm-Seg’, which is a bottom-up method for Segmenting object instances in videos using Spatio-Temporal Embeddings. We achieve 3rd place in the Occluded VIS challenge with an mAP score of 21.6% on the test set.
A Submodule Implementation for Parallel Connection of Capacitors in Modular Multilevel Converters (2014)

In modular multilevel converters, there is a tradeoff between the switching frequency and the voltage ripple in the submodule capacitors. The reason for this is that it becomes increasingly difficult to balance the capacitor voltages when the switching frequency is reduced. This paper presents a new submodule circuit, which improves the balancing of the capacitor voltages at low switching frequencies. The proposed submodule circuit consists of two capacitors and eight switches, forming a three-level submodule. Ideally, the voltage and current ratings of the switches can be chosen such that the combined power rating of the semiconductors is the same as for the equivalent solution with conventional half-bridge submodules. The proposed submodule circuit provides the possibility of connecting the two capacitors in parallel when the intermediate voltage level is used. This will reduce the capacitor voltage ripple, especially at low switching frequencies, and thus, allow for a reduction of the size, weight, and cost of the submodule capacitors. The proposed submodule circuit is validated by both simulations and experimental results. It is found that the parallel connection of the submodule capacitors will, in fact, significantly improve the balancing of the capacitor voltages.
Comparative Analysis of two Types of Leg-observation-based Visual Servoing Approaches for the Control of the Five-bar Mechanism (2014)

International audience
Exact solutions for the electromagnetic fields of a flying focus (2023)

A laser beam's peak intensity may be programmed to move at an arbitrary velocity by adjusting the focal time and location of its frequencies, temporal slices, or annuli. Such ``flying focus'' beams show promise in enabling new laser-matter applications. To assess these possibilities, the authors analytically describe the electromagnetic fields of flying-focus pulses with arbitrary polarization and orbital angular momentum.
Presence of the Human Cytomegalovirus in Glioblastomas—A Systematic Review (2021)

Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. The standard treatment has not changed in the past 15 years as clinical trials of new treatment protocols have failed. A high prevalence of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in glioblastomas was first reported in 2002. The virus was found only in the tumor and not in the surrounding healthy brain tissue. Many groups have confirmed the presence of the HCMV in glioblastomas, but others could not. To resolve this discrepancy, we systematically reviewed 645 articles identified in different databases. Of these, 81 studies included results from 247 analyses of 9444 clinical samples (7024 tumor samples and 2420 blood samples) by different techniques, and 81 articles included 191 studies that identified the HCMV in 2529 tumor samples (36% of all tumor samples). HCMV proteins were often detected, whereas HCMV nucleic acids were not reliably detected by PCR methods. Optimized immunohistochemical techniques identified the virus in 1391 (84,2%) of 1653 samples. These data suggest that the HCMV is highly prevalent in glioblastomas and that optimized immunohistochemistry techniques are required to detect it.
Short-Term Energy Monitoring (STEM): Application of the PSTAR method to a residence in Fredericksburg, Virginia (1988)

This report describes a project to assess the thermal quality of a residential building based on short-term tests during which a small number of data channels are measured. The project is called Short- Term Energy Monitoring (STEM). Analysis of the data provides extrapolation to long-term performance. The test protocol and analysis are based on a unified method for building simulations and short-term testing called Primary and Secondary Terms Analysis and Renormalization (PSTAR). In the PSTAR method, renormalized parameters are introduced for the primary terms such that the renormalized energy balance is best satisfied in the least squares sense; hence, the name PSTAR. The mathematical formulation of PSTAR is detailed in earlier reports. This report describes the short-term tests and data analysis performed using the PSTAR method on a residential building in Fredricksburg, Virginia. The results demonstrate the ability of the PSTAR method to provide a realistically complex thermal model of a building, and determine from short-term tests the statics as well as the dynamics of a building, including solar dynamics. 10 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.
Effects of hearing impairment and hearing aid use on the incidence of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA) (2020)

Abstract Background: Previous studies have reported associations between hearing impairment (HI) and cognitive impairment, but the evidence is not conclusive while considering concurrent geriatric syndromes. Especially, evidence from previous studies rarely came from Asian studies. This study aimed to evaluate the independent effects of HI and hearing aid use on the incidence of cognitive impairment while considering most geriatric confounders. Methods: This population-based, propensity-score matched cohort study used cohort from Waves IV­–VII (1999–2011) survey of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA). Cognitive impairment was identified based on Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) scores. The hazard ratio (HR) was calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores, the instrumental activities of daily living scale, mobility condition and quality of life. In addition, social support and participation were also considered as confounders in the analysis. To assess the robustness of our findings, we conducted a sensitivity analysis designed to access unmeasured confounding factors by calculating E-values. Results: After 1:1 propensity-score matching, we included 709 participants in both the HI and non-HI groups with a mean age of 73.4 years and 39.4% of participants were female. The mean follow-up was 8.9±3.9 years. The HI group had a higher incidence of cognitive impairment than the non-HI group (74.5% vs. 69.1%, respectively), with an adjusted HR of 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.32) based on a 12-year follow up. The E-value was 1.45 for the estimate, which provided evidence for this study’s robustness. Although, a subgroup analysis showed that hearing aid use was associated with lower incidences of cognitive impairment (66.3% vs. 75.6%) when compared to non-users in the HI group, the adjusted HR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.61–1.09) revealed no significant differences. Conclusions: HI was an independent risk factor of incident cognitive impairment on top of concurrent geriatric syndromes. Early HI detection may thus be effective for preventing cognitive decline. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of hearing aid use on the prevention of cognitive decline.
Telling Two Distributions Apart: a Tight Characterization (2011)

We consider the problem of distinguishing between two arbitrary black-box distributions defined over the domain [n], given access to $s$ samples from both. It is known that in the worst case O(n^{2/3}) samples is both necessary and sufficient, provided that the distributions have L1 difference of at least ε. However, it is also known that in many cases fewer samples suffice. We identify a new parameter, that provides an upper bound on how many samples needed, and present an efficient algorithm that requires the number of samples independent of the domain size. Also for a large subclass of distributions we provide a lower bound, that matches our upper bound up to a poly-logarithmic factor.
Analysis of Intrinsic Optical Bistability in Tm3+ Doped Crystals (2002)

The phenomenon of intrinsic optical bistability (IOB)1 is of great interest because of its potential applications in optical switches, telecommunication, etc. In this work, we theoretically study IOB in Tm doped laser crystals co-doped with Ho and Yb.
Effect of solution concentration on the properties of nanocomposites (2006)

Abstract Though a large number of nanocomposites prepared by solution process has been reported in the literature, effect of solution concentration on properties of the nanocomposites has not been studied. In the present work, new fluorocarbon–clay nanocomposites were prepared by a solution mixing process. Characterization of the nanocomposites was done with X‐ray diffraction technique and atomic force microscopy. Effects of different rubber‐solution concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt %) on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the resultant nanocomposites were investigated. Optimum properties were achieved at 20 wt % solution. The data could be explained with the help of structure of the nanocomposites and dispersion of the clay. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2407–2411, 2006
Eculizumab treatment in patients with COVID-19: preliminary results from real life ASL Napoli 2 Nord experience. (2020)

Eculizumab has the potential to be a key player in treatment of severe cases of COVID-19. Our results support eculizumab use as an off-label treatment of COVID-19, pending confirmation from the ongoing SOLID-C19 trial.
Three main directions of magnetic field impact on biomaterials and bio-οbjects: Its efficiency and safety for biomedicine (2021)

1. Golovin YI, Gribanovsky SL, Golovin DY, et al. Towards nanomedicines of the future: Remote magneto-mechanical actuation of nanomedicines by alternating magnetic fields. J Control Release. 2015;219:43-60. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.038 CrossRef Google Scholar
Transient in vivo thrombus deposition onto polymeric biomaterials: role of plasma fibronectin. (1978)

This paper presents an implementation of a switching observer design strategy\nto a piece-wise linear beam system comprising a flexible steel beam with a one-sided\nsupport. The switching observer design strategy guarantees asymptotic stability of the\nestimation error. Experimental and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the\nobserver error stability and performance.
Purification and primary structure of murine cryptdin‐1, a Paneth cell defensin (1992)

We have purified and determined the amino acid sequence of cryptdin-1, a murine Paneth cell defensin. The peptide corresponds to a previously characterized mRNA that accumulates to high abundance during postnatal ontogeny of the small bowel. Acid-extracted intestinal protein was fractionated by cation-exchange chromatography and fractions were assayed for antimicrobial activity. One peak of anti-Salmonella activity contained a putative defensin, based on its predicted electrophoretic migration in acid-urea PAGE. The peptide was purified to homogeneity by RP-HPLC and sequenced. These studies demonstrate defensin expression in non-myeloid tissue. The N-terminal extension of cryptdin-1 is a unique structural feature of this novel epithelial defensin.
POBAL-S, The Analysis and Design of a High Altitude Airship (1975)

Abstract : An engineering analysis and development effort has been executed to design a superpressure airship, POBAL-S, capable of station keeping at an altitude of 21 kilometers for a duration of 7 days while supporting a payload weighing 890 newtons and requiring 500 watts of electrical power. A detailed parametric trade-off between various power sources and other design choices was performed. The computer program used to accomplish this analysis is described and many results are presented. The system concept which resulted was a fuel cell powered, propeller driven airship controlled by an on-board autopilot with basic commands telemetered from a ground control station. Design of the balloon, power train, gimbaled propeller assembly, and electronic/electrical systems is presented. Flight operations for launch and recovery are discussed.
Model and Algorithm for Roller Pass Matching Problem (2016)

For the roller pass matching problem under a given hot rolling planning, two cases of the problem are considered in this paper: (1) static roller pass matching problem (SRPM) with non-recycled rollers, (2) dynamic roller pass matching problem (DRPM) with recycled rollers. To describe both of the two cases, a 0-1 integer programming formulation is established to minimize the total turning quantity of hot rolling plan. For SRPM, we propose a least turning quantity rule, which is proved successful in finding optimal solution. It is also proved that this rule is effective in finding near-optimal solutions for DRPM. To solve the problems, a heuristic algorithm based on dynamic candidate roller set and least turning quantity rule is proposed. A large number of computational experiments were carried out, and the results show that the algorithm is not only effective but also efficient in solving practical instances and simulation experiments.
Polythiophene Containing Thermally Removable Solubilizing Groups Enhances the Interface and the Performance of Polymer−Titania Hybrid Solar Cells (2004)

A polythiophene derivative containing thermally removable branched ester solubilizing groups has been prepared and tested as a processable organic semiconductor polymer with tunable electronic and chemical properties for hybrid polymer-inorganic solar cells. Thermal removal of the protecting group enhances the interface between the organic and inorganic components while also contributing to better light absorption, energy transfer, and overall cell performance.
Stable, intense picosecond pulse generation using intracavity GaAs (1995)

A reliable pulsed Nd:YAG laser system has been designed to produce 150-mJ pulses of 260-ps duration with a shot-to-shot standard deviation of ±5.8% and a full-angle divergence of 0.6 mrad. The stability is due to a new cavity-dumped oscillator design that uses an intracavity GaAs plate to stabilize the pulse development and inhibit large fluctuations. The resulting output pulse from the cavity-dumped oscillator is 103 µJ, with an average shot-to-shot standard deviation of ±1.1% and a full-angle divergence of 2 mrad.