gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redoxreaktionen zwischen Aluminium(I)‐ und Bor(III)‐Verbindungen (2019)

Abstract Umsetzungen zwischen B III ‐Verbindungen und der kürzlich veröffentlichten, nukleophilen, cyclopentadienylstabilisierten Al I ‐Verbindung 1 ermöglichten die Herstellung verschiedener Komplexe mit unterschiedlichen Al/B‐Oxidationsstufen. Nach Reaktion mit dem Triarylboran B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 wurde ein Al I →B III ‐Addukt 2 erhalten. Dagegen wurde bei der Umsetzung mit einem sterisch anspruchsvollen Aryldihalogenboran eine oxidative Addition beobachtet, die zur Bildung einer kovalent gebundenen B‐Al‐Spezies 3 führte. Ein NHC‐substituiertes Amino(brom)boreniumion zeigte eine Redoxreaktion, bei der ein Borylenalan 4 (B I →Al III ) erhalten wurde. Weiterhin reagierte 1 mit BI 3 unter Ligandenaustausch zu einem cyclopentadienylsubstituierten B I →AlI 3 ‐Komplex 5 . Mit den beiden letzten Reaktionen konnte erstmals eine Reduktion von B III ‐Verbindungen durch ein p‐Blockelement zu einem Borylen beobachtet werden. Weiterhin demonstrieren diese Reaktionen, wie sterische und elektronische Veränderungen am Borzentrum zu verschiedenen Reaktionsprodukten führen können.
Macromedia Flash Professional 8 Unleashed (2005)

Macromedia Flash is a key technology for designing and delivering low-bandwidth animations, presentations, and web sites. More recently it has become development environment, complete with scripting capabilities and server-side connectivity. Flash has the ability to easily integrate with, and add interactivity to, complex media types with powerful and intuitive tools. Developers can rapidly develop high performance, accessible content using pre-assembled building blocks and expand their authoring capabilities with custom extensions from independent developers.Macromedia Flash MX Unleashed covers these high-end topics, providing you withi¾ a solid and complete reference for building Flash websites and applications. Fundamentals are covered quickly in the first part of the book, with the majority of the content devoted to coverage of ActionScript and how Flash works with varied middleware. You'll also learn how to integrate Flash with several other technologies, including XML and PHP.
Transmission of 155 Mbit/s (SONET STS-3) signals over unshielded and shielded twisted pair copper wire (1992)

The feasibility is demonstrated of transmitting 155 Mbit/s SONET/ATM signals over 131 m of unshielded 24 AWG single twisted pair copper cable and 213 m of shielded 22 AWG twisted pair cable with bit error ratios of less than 10−13. The transmission performance of the single-pair unshielded cable is compared with that of four-pair unshielded twisted pair cables.
The Extended View on the Empty C2(3)‐C82 Fullerene: Isolation, Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization and DFT Calculations (2008)

An extended study of the spectroscopic and redox properties of the C(82) fullerene is presented. Among the nine isolated-pentagon-rule (IPR) isomers of the C(82) fullerene the C(82)(3) isomer with C(2) symmetry is the only stable, empty fullerene structure formed in the arc burning process that can be isolated in an isomerically pure form. Here, its formation and isolation are described and its structure is confirmed by experimental spectroscopic studies as well as time-dependent DFT calculations. The electrochemistry of the C(82)(3) isomer is studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry. The anionic species of C(82) with the charge ranging from C(82) (-) to C(82) (4-) were successively generated in o-dichlorobenzene solution at room temperature and characterized by in situ ESR and visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy. The data give new insights into the charged states of the C(82)(3) fullerene.
Diamagnetic current measurements in a solid-state plasma (2018)

Using a resonant structure, we have established large pressure gradients in a magnetized indium antimonide (InSb) plasma. This produces diamagnetic current in the milliampere range. The magnetic field generated by the current is sensed with a small magnetic coil. The operating frequency is about 230 kHz with a power level on the order of 100 mW. The InSb is magnetized with a 1 T magnetic field produced with permanent magnets. We show good agreement between our experimental measurements and the expected diamagnetic current.
Preparation of 3-aza-Cope rearrangement of N-alkyl-N-allyl enamines (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 3-aza-Cope rearrangement of N-alkyl-N-allyl enaminesGregory R. Cook and John R. StilleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 19, 5578–5583Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00019a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00019a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views514Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Structure of the Head of the Bartonella Adhesin BadA (2008)

Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) are a major class of proteins by which pathogenic proteobacteria adhere to their hosts. Prominent examples include Yersinia YadA, Haemophilus Hia and Hsf, Moraxella UspA1 and A2, and Neisseria NadA. TAAs also occur in symbiotic and environmental species and presumably represent a general solution to the problem of adhesion in proteobacteria. The general structure of TAAs follows a head-stalk-anchor architecture, where the heads are the primary mediators of attachment and autoagglutination. In the major adhesin of Bartonella henselae, BadA, the head consists of three domains, the N-terminal of which shows strong sequence similarity to the head of Yersinia YadA. The two other domains were not recognizably similar to any protein of known structure. We therefore determined their crystal structure to a resolution of 1.1 A. Both domains are beta-prisms, the N-terminal one formed by interleaved, five-stranded beta-meanders parallel to the trimer axis and the C-terminal one by five-stranded beta-meanders orthogonal to the axis. Despite the absence of statistically significant sequence similarity, the two domains are structurally similar to domains from Haemophilus Hia, albeit in permuted order. Thus, the BadA head appears to be a chimera of domains seen in two other TAAs, YadA and Hia, highlighting the combinatorial evolutionary strategy taken by pathogens.
A Feasibility Study of Intermittent Electrical Stimulation to Prevent Deep Tissue Injury in the Intensive Care Unit (2016)

<b>Objective:</b> The primary goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of utilizing intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) in an intensive care environment as a potential method for preventing pressure ulcers. Furthermore, we wished to evaluate the practicality of the innovation and end-user acceptability. <b>Approach:</b> Twenty immobile subjects, age ranging from 19 to 86 years old with a Braden Scale score ranging from 9 to 16 (very high to moderate risk of developing pressure ulcers), were enrolled. Intermittent 35 Hz electrical stimulation was administered through surface electrodes to the gluteal muscles causing them to contract for 10 s every 10 min. Subjects utilized IES on a program that increased from 4 to 24 h per day over 8 days and lasted up to a maximum of 4 weeks. <b>Results:</b> Bedside nurses reported that IES was simple to use, took an average of 6 min to apply, and 2 min to remove. Furthermore, IES could be easily incorporated into routine patient care. No pressure ulcers occurred in any subject during the study. No untoward reactions or adverse events had occurred directly as a result of IES. <b>Innovation:</b> IES represents a potential method of preventing bedsores. This study represents a necessary pilot study, investigating safety and feasibility before proceeding with a larger randomized controlled trial to determine efficacy. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our results suggest that IES is both safe and feasible to implement in intensive care units.
FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION OF HANFORD SINGLE SHELL TANK (SST) WASTES FROM CONCEPT TO PILOT PLANT (2006)

The Hanford site has 149 underground single-shell tanks (SST) storing mostly soluble, multi-salt mixed wastes resulting from Cold War era weapons material production. These wastes must be retrieved and the salts immobilized before the tanks can be closed to comply with an overall site-closure consent order entered into by the US Department of Energy, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the State of Washington. Water will be used to retrieve the wastes and the resulting solution will be pumped to a proposed pretreatment process where a high-curie (primarily {sup 137}Cs) waste fraction will be separated from the other waste constituents. The separated waste streams will then be vitrified to allow for safe storage as an immobilized high-level waste, or low-level waste, borosilicate glass. Fractional crystallization, a common unit operation for production of industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals, was proposed as the method to separate the salt wastes; it works by evaporating excess water until the solubilities of various species in the solution are exceeded (the solubility of a particular species depends on its concentration, temperature of the solution, and the presence of other ionic species in the solution). By establishing the proper conditions, selected pure salts can be crystallized and separated from the radioactive liquid phase. The aforementioned parameters, along with evaporation rate, proper agitation, and residence time, determine nucleation and growth kinetics and the resulting habit and size distribution of the product crystals. These crystals properties are important considerations for designing the crystallizer and solid/liquid separation equipment. A structured program was developed to (a) demonstrate that fractional crystallization could be used to pre-treat Hanford tank wastes and (b) provide data to develop a pilot plant design.
Cannabinoid regulation in identified synapse of terrestrial snail (2007)

In the terrestrial snail a direct monosynaptic glutamatergic connection between the primary sensory neuron and a premotor interneuron involved in withdrawal behaviour can be functionally identified using electrophysiological techniques. We investigated the involvement of cannabinoids in regulation of this synaptic contact. The results demonstrate that the specific binding sites for agonists to mammalian type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs) exist in the snail's nervous system. Application of a synthetic cannabinoid agonist anandamide selectively changed the efficacy of synaptic contacts between the identified neurons. A decrease in the long-term synaptic facilitation of the synaptic contact elicited by high-frequency nerve tetanization in the presence of cannabinoid agonist anandamide was observed, suggesting a possible role of endocannabinoids in regulation of plasticity at this synaptic site. The selective antagonist of CB1Rs [N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide] AM251 bath application was changing the efficacy of the synaptic contact only when the postsynaptic neuron had been intracellularly activated before its application. This observation implies an involvement of endocannabinoids in plasticity phenomena induced by activity in the postsynaptic target. Additional support of endocannabinoid involvement in synaptic function at this site was given by experiments in which AM251 blocked the short-term suppression of synaptic excitation evoked by low-frequency nerve tetanization, a phenomenon qualitatively similar to cannabinoid-dependent synaptically evoked suppression of excitation demonstrated in the mammalian nervous system. The results of the present study suggest an involvement of cannabinoids in the regulation of synaptic efficacy. Further, anandamide could be a candidate for an endogenous neuromessenger involved in plasticity processes.
Increasing invasive disease due to penicillin resistant <i> S. pneumoniae </i> in India (2008)

S. pneumoniae continues to be a major cause of invasive disease worldwide with considerable mortality and morbidity. Here we report the emergence of penicillin intermediate resistance to S. pneumoniae in India, which may predispose for an increased incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in both children and adults with multi-drug resistance profile resulting in clinical failure.
Liquid Crystal Mixtures Including High Reliability Fluorinated Diluter and Reactive Monomer for Polymer Sustained Vertical Alignment and Polyimide-less Liquid Crystal Displays (2020)

In the case of polymer sustained vertical alignment (PSVA) and polyimide-less (PI-less) alignment technologies, polymer-alignment layers are formed by exposure of ultraviolet (UV) light to a liquid crystal (LC) layer including a LC composition and a reactive monomer. We were able to develop a high reliable fluorinated diluter for the LC composition toward the PSVA and the PI-less technologies. In addition, we also developed the PSVA and the PI-less in-plane switching mode LC cells with both fast response speed and high voltage holding ratio by combining the reactive monomer carrying a polarized UV absorption unit, chalcone.
Cultured Epithelial Autograft (1995)

Cultured epithelial autograft (CEA) has been used as an adjunct in burn wound coverage at the Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre since 1988, and has been available to all patients admitted with significant burn injuries. During the 5-year period from 1988 to 1992 inclusive, 28 patients treated with CEA survived long enough for assessment. The mean age was 35.3 years with a mean total body surface area burn of 52.2% and a mean total full thickness injury of 42.4%. CEA was applied to wounds covering between 2% and 35% body surface area (BSA; mean 10.4%) after excision to fat or fascia. Most wounds had interim homograft coverage. Preservation of homograft dermis was attempted in three patients at the time of removal without effect. The mean CEA "take" was 26.9% of the grafted area. Eight patients had 50% or greater take and were discharged with between 1 and 19% BSA covered with CEA. Thirteen patients had no take on wounds between 2 and 16% BSA. Overall mortality in burn patients treated at the Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre from 1988 to 1992 was not significantly different from 1983 to 1987 with the populations being similar in terms of total BSA burns, age, inhalation injury, and homograft availability. When compared to a matched control population from the preceding 5 years, when CEA was not available, there was no significant difference in duration of hospital stay or number of autograft harvests. However, approximately one more debridement without autograft harvest per CEA patient occurred. Timing and depth of wound excision, interim coverage, type of dressing, and wound microbiology were not found to influence good versus poor take. The anterior trunk and thighs were the best recipient sites. Subjective differences between CEA and meshed autograft were noted. The results show that after 5 years of use, CEA engraftment continues to be unpredictable and inconsistent, and hence, it should be used as only a biologic dressing and experimental adjunct to conventional burn wound coverage with split thickness autograft.
Assay and recommendations for the detection of vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activities (2017)

Abstract Antimicrobial activity assays can be carried out in aqueous solutions using multi‐well plates. However, some bioactive compounds are volatile and can cause effects at a distance. To detect such vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activity, we introduce the vapour‐phase‐mediated patch assay, a simple bioassay that uses standard microtitre plates. As a proof‐of‐principle, we use the vapour‐phase‐mediated patch assay to test a small but chemically diverse set of selected essential oils with known antifungal activities i.e. Origanum compactum , Artemisia dracunculus , Cinnamomum camphora ct linalool, Cinnamomum cassia and Melissa officinalis , as well as their corresponding major components carvacrol, estragole, linalool, trans‐cinnamaldehyde and citral, against two pathogenic Candida species. As all but one of the tested essential oils i.e. Artemisia dracunculus and its corresponding component estragole, showed vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activity, we conclude that it is a rather common characteristic of essential oils and their components, that should always be taken into consideration. Additionally, we provide suggestions to prevent false positive results due to possible vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activities in bioactivity tests.
R alstonia solanacearum , a widespread bacterial plant pathogen in the post‐genomic era (2013)

Stock centre: International Centre for Microbial Resources-French Collection for Plant-associated Bacteria CIRM-CFBP, IRHS UMR 1345 INRA-ACO-UA, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé Cedex, France, http://www.angers-nantes.inra.fr/cfbp/. Ralstonia Genome browser: https://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/R.solanacearum. GMI1000 insertion mutant library: https://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/R.solanacearumGMI1000/GenomicResources. MaGe Genome Browser: https://www.genoscope.cns.fr/agc/microscope/mage/viewer.php?
Assembling Carbon Nanotube Films as Thermal Interface Materials (2007)

As the feature size of integrated circuits (ICs) decreases and the IC clock frequency and transistor density per chip increase, the power density increases exponentially. As such, heat generation has become a critical issue in advanced high performance ICs in recent years. The current thermal solutions will soon be inadequate for heat dissipation. New thermal management strategies and high thermal conductivity materials are urgently needed for electronic thermal management within the chip and surrounding packaging. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are reported to be the most thermally conductive material (>3000 W/K.m), are a promising candidate for thermal management in microelectronics. However, several existing technical barriers have restrained their application of CNTs in microelectronic devices. One of the main challenges is that the high temperature required to grow high quality CNTs (>600degC) which is too high to be compatible with back-end microelectronic fabrication processes. Another major obstacle is the poor adhesion between CNTs and substrates, which results in high interface thermal resistance and poor long term reliability. To address these challenges, we proposes to use a novel CNT transfer process, which features separated steps of an in-situ open-ended CNT synthesis and a low-temperature CNT assembly to engineer the well-aligned open-ended CNT architectures for microelectronic thermal management. In-situ growth of high density open-ended CNTs with vertical alignment was first developed in our laboratory. To successfully achieve CNT assembly with good thermal performance, the following issues should be addressed: (1) Appropriate metals/solders should be selected to form good thermal and electrical coupling with CNTs. (2) The wetting of solder metal alloys in CNT channels and on the CNT outer walls by capillary force should be further clarified. (3) An appropriate solder reflow process should be developed to guarantee good wetting on CNTs. Preliminary results show that the transferred open-ended CNT structures can have very strong adhesion to the substrate, which promise to improve the CNT-metal interface properties. Initial thermal measurements of the CNT assembly with CNT height of ~180 mum show that the thermal conductivity and total thermal resistance of the assembly were 81 W/m.K and 0.43 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> K/W, respectively. The work on the improvement of thermal performance of the CNT assembly is ongoing, including the interfacial solder layer thickness optimization and material selection, and CNT film quality.
Chlorine-induced Si surface segregation on the Ge-terminated Si/Ge(100) surface from core-level photoemission (2001)

This study investigated the thermal reactions on the Cl-terminated $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}/\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}(100)\ensuremath{-}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$ surface using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. Populations of surface Cl--Ge and Cl--Si bonds during annealing are monitored by measuring the intensities of their corresponding Ge $3d,$ Si $2p,$ and Cl $2p$ core-level components. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that no Si atoms are present on the surface after the deposition of 0.8 monolayer Si on the Ge(100) surface at 730 K and that Cl termination pulls out the indiffused Si of about two atomic layers deep to form Cl--Si bonds upon annealing at 550--690 K. We attribute such chlorine induced Si segregation to a thermodynamic driving force that favors the Cl--Si surface species. Above 680 K, chlorine is desorbed in the form of ${\mathrm{SiCl}}_{2},$ although the top surface layer of the starting Si/Ge(100) sample consists of Ge--Ge dimers only.
Correction to: The global summit on the efficacy and effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy for the prevention and treatment of non-musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review of the literature (2021)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
An additional long-range interaction in human U1 snRNA (1992)

We present evidence for the existence of an additional long-range interaction in vertebrate U1 snRNAs. By submitting human U1 snRNP, HeLa nuclear extracts, authentic human or X. laevis in vitro transcribed U1 snRNAs to RNase V1, a nuclease specific for double-stranded regions, cleavages occurred in the sequence psi psi ACC (positions 5-9) residing in the 5' terminal region of the RNA. The RNase V1 sensitive region is insensitive to single-stranded probes, something unexpected knowing that it was considered single-stranded in order to base-pair to pre-mRNA 5' splice site. We have identified the sequence GGUAG (positions 132-136) as the only possible 3' partner. Mutants, either abolishing or restoring the interaction between the partners, coupled to an RNase V1 assay, served to substantiate this base-pairing model. The presence of this additional helix, even detected in nuclear extracts under in vitro splicing conditions, implies that a conformational change must occur to release a free U1 snRNA 5' end.