gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Circulating Galectin-3 (2012)

Galectin-3 is a lectin involved in fibrosis, inflammation and proliferation. Increased circulating levels of galectin-3 have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, immunological disorders, and cardiovascular disease. To enhance our knowledge on galectin-3 biology we performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Illumina HumanCytoSNP-12 array imputed with the HapMap 2 CEU panel on plasma galectin-3 levels in 3,776 subjects and follow-up genotyping in an additional 3,516 subjects. We identified 2 genome wide significant loci associated with plasma galectin-3 levels. One locus harbours the LGALS3 gene (rs2274273; P = 2.35 × 10(-188)) and the other locus the ABO gene (rs644234; P = 3.65 × 10(-47)). The variance explained by the LGALS3 locus was 25.6% and by the ABO locus 3.8% and jointly they explained 29.2%. Rs2274273 lies in high linkage disequilibrium with two non-synonymous SNPs (rs4644; r(2) = 1.0, and rs4652; r(2) = 0.91) and wet lab follow-up genotyping revealed that both are strongly associated with galectin-3 levels (rs4644; P = 4.97 × 10(-465) and rs4652 P = 1.50 × 10(-421)) and were also associated with LGALS3 gene-expression. The origins of our associations should be further validated by means of functional experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Reactions of Acyclic 2‐Azadienes: A Semiempirical Molecular Orbital Study. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fast extraction of the capacitance matrix of multilayered multiconductor interconnects using the method of lines (1997)

In this paper, the method of lines (MoL) is used to compute the 2-D and 3-D capacitance matrices of multiconductor interconnects with finite metalization thickness that are embedded in conformal multilayered dielectric media. Results show a good agreement with the published data. By contrast, this technique has efficient calculation and flexible handling of conductors having arbitrarily shaped topology.
Determination of Cyanide Species in Silver and Gold Plating Solutions by Raman Spectroscopy (2002)

Raman spectra of silver and gold cyanide complexes have been investigated in order to determine the speciation of aqueous plating solutions. We have examined the ionic species in the concentration ranges of 0.003 ∼ 0.5 M for the metals and 0.1 ∼ 2.5 M for the cyanide ion. When the initial concentration of [Ag(CN) 2 ] − was below ∼0.1 M, [Ag(CN) 4 ] 3– did not appear prominent even at high CN − /Ag(I) ratios of 3 ∼ 10, differing from the case of previous infrared measurements. Concentrations of the metal cyanide complexes and CN − ion as low as 0.001 ∼ 0.01 M could be determined with an error of less than ∼3% from the analysis of Raman peak areas.
Maximizing Mutual Information Across Feature and Topology Views for Learning Graph Representations (2021)

Recently, maximizing mutual information has emerged as a powerful method for unsupervised graph representation learning. The existing methods are typically effective to capture information from the topology view but ignore the feature view. To circumvent this issue, we propose a novel approach by exploiting mutual information maximization across feature and topology views. Specifically, we first utilize a multi-view representation learning module to better capture both local and global information content across feature and topology views on graphs. To model the information shared by the feature and topology spaces, we then develop a common representation learning module using mutual information maximization and reconstruction loss minimization. To explicitly encourage diversity between graph representations from the same view, we also introduce a disagreement regularization to enlarge the distance between representations from the same view. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating feature and topology views. In particular, compared with the previous supervised methods, our proposed method can achieve comparable or even better performance under the unsupervised representation and linear evaluation protocol.
Effects of environmental temperature on saliva flow rate and secretion of protein, amylase and mucin 5B (2019)

Lowering of the temperature induces an increase in saliva flow rate, as well as protein and amylase output.
The Swelling of Cotton in Water (1950)

A method is described for comparing microscopically the cross-sectional areas of the same cotton fiber in wet and dry conditions, for evaluation of swelling. Results indicate the change in cross-sectional area of raw cotton fibers to be between 21 % and 34% of the dry area regardless of variety of cotton or degree of maturity of the fiber. Immature samples show slightly less mean swelling than mature samples, but this is believed to be due to the presence of fibers with no secondary thickening at all which tend to shrink in cross-sectional area rather than swell. In the immature fibers deformation (defined as change in circularity) is slightly more than that of mature fibers. This, coupled with the fact that in a given weight of immature fibers there are approximately twice as many fibers as in a like weight of mature fibers, helps to explain the greater closing capacity of yarns made from immature cotton. Flax and a sample of viscose rayon show twice the swelling of cotton, Fortisan two-thirds as much, and nylon no cross- sectional swelling at all.
Effect of the vertical structure of a porous bed on hyporheic exchange (2007)

Hyporheic exchange provides an important control on contaminant fluxes across the stream-subsurface interface. Several experimental studies have identified the dominant processes affecting hyporhei ...
육아휴직제도의 부모권 보장성에 관한 탐색적 사례연구 (2015)

본 연구에서는 현행의 육아휴직제가 근로자의 부모권을 어느 정도 보장하고 있는가를 이용자 관점에서 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 심층면접을 활용한 질적 연구방법을 사용하였다. 연구참여자는 다양한 직종의 육아휴직 중인 또는 육아휴직 경험자인 14명의 여성들이었다. 자료의 분석 결과 6개의 하위 범주와 3개의 상위범주가 도출되었다. 도출된 ‘육아휴직제도의 부모권 보장성’의 범주는 ‘법정 휴직기간의 충분성 (법정 육아휴직기간 충분: 공무원, 공단직원이나 교사인 경우 / 법정 육아휴직기간 부족: 공무원, 공단직원이나 교사 이외의 경우)’, ‘휴직기간의 자기조절성(대체인력 조달의 어려움 / 육아휴직급여의 낮은 소득 대체율)’, ‘복직 후 부모권 실현성(근무배치시 육아에 대한 무배려 / 육아기 근로시간 단축의 어려움)’이었다. 한편, 연구참여자에 따라 ‘육아휴직을 통한 부모권 실현’으로 유형분석을 한 결과 3가지의 유형이 도출 되었는데, 그것은 ‘실질적 실현형’, ‘허구적 실현형’, ‘침익적 실현형’이었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 육아휴직제도의 부모권 보장성을 담보하기 위한 정책적 제언을 하였다.
cycloSaligenyl-5-[(E)-2-bromovinyl]-2′-deoxyuridine Monophosphate (cycloSal-BVDUMP) Pronucleotides Active against Epstein-Barr Virus (2001)

New potential nucleotide delivery systems directed against Epstein–Barr virus are represented by the 3′-O-acyl-substituted 5′-O-cycloSaligenyl-5-[(E)-2-bromovinyl]-2′-deoxyuridine monophosphate (cycloSal-BVDUMP) triesters 2 a–h, which are derivatives of the prototype triester 1. At least a few of these compounds showed promising antiviral activity in in vitro tests.
Stoichiometric control of single walled carbon nanotubes functionalization (2010)

Covalent modifications of single-walled carbon nanotubes, while being useful for their manipulation and functionalization, alter the electronic properties through disruption of the nanotube π electronic system. To avoid such negative impact, we demonstrate here that carbon nanotubes can be alkylated in a controlled manner by first preparing and isolating reduced nanotube salts with varied charge/C ratios. The reduction reaction, in the present work performed in THF with a K/naphthalene salt, is almost quantitative and the KCx salt can be isolated with a wide range of x values ranging from 10 to 370, while remaining soluble in DMSO. The reaction of these salt solutions with two alkyl bromide reagents yields functionalized SWCNTs, as demonstrated by combined IR, UV-vis-NIR and Raman spectroscopies, XPS and thermogravimetric measurements. In particular, quantification of the number of functional groups grafted shows a direct correlation with the charge/C ratio of the initial salts. Detailed analysis of Raman spectra confirms this control over the extent of covalent functionalization and shows it is not selective towards any type of SWCNT. This latter observation is ascribed to the isolation of the intermediate salts as solids, resulting in homogenization of charge densities on the reduced CNTs.
ArF excimer laser for 193-nm lithography (1998)

Considerable progress has been made in the development of the major components for 193 nm lithography tools. Here we describe the parameters of a line-narrowed ArF excimer laser for microlithography. With a specified FWHM bandwidth of less than 0.7 pm, the laser is applicable for refractive steppers and scanners which utilize some degree of achromatization. Prototype lasers have been built to study the optimum parameters. The main challenge of the development was the achievement of high efficiency in the conversion from the laser's broadband emission into line-narrowed emission. The lasers are operated at up to 1 kHz repetition rate with a maximum power of 10 W. This paper provides an overview of the currently achievable power levels, energy stability and bandwidths and discusses future trends.
A 500-stage CCD transversal filter for spectral analysis (1976)

The operation and design of 500-stage charge-coupled device (CCD) transversal filters are described. The filters have been mask programmed for implementing two spectral analysis techniques: 1) bandpass filtering and 2) Fourier analysis using the chirp z transform (CZT) algorithm. The bandpass filter has a measured fractional 3 dB bandwidth of 0.0108 and 38 dB sidelobe rejection. The dynamic range is 75 dB with less than 45 dB total harmonic distortion. A sliding transform is defined which is useful for calculations of the power spectral density and is shown to be particularly advantageous in a CCD-CZT implementation. Using the sliding transform, a 500-point spectrum is calculated using CCD's with resolutions which can be varied from 1-200 Hz. The dynamic range of the power spectral output was measured to be 80 dB. A discussion is given of the performance limitation of a general CCD filter due to the inherent characteristics of the device. The results are evaluated for the 500-stage devices described above and indicate that sample rates from 25 Hz to 10 MHz are possible with a dynamic range approaching 100 dB while retaining high linearity.
Identification and Characterization of Berberine in Tinospora cordifolia by Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC MS/MS Q-tof) and Evaluation of its anti Inflammatory Potential (2017)

Introduction: Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook F and Thomas commonly called as gudduchi or amrita is a widely used plant in traditional medicinal system of Ayurveda. A UPLC MS/MS Q-tof method for the identification and characterization of berberine in Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers. ex HooK.F. and Thomas. and to evaluate the anti inflammatory potential of bioactive fraction. Materials and Methods: The presence of berberine in Tinospora cordifolia was determined by HPLC and was subsequently isolated by HPTLC. The anti inflammatory property of the fraction containing berberine was demonstrated to have an inhibitory activity on 5 lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in inflammatory pathway and its IC 50 value was obtained. The binding interactions between berberine and 5-LOX were demonstrated by docking studies. Result: The presence of berberine in Tinospora cordifolia methanolic extract was identified by HPLC and HPTLC analysis and confirmed by UPLC MS/ MS Q-tof. The fraction containing berberine inhibited 5-LOX with an IC 50 of 0.041 0.0003g/mL as compared to that of NDGA (positive control) which showed an IC 50 of 2.75 0.05 g/mL. Molecular docking of berberine with 5-LOX showed a binding energy of -8.942 0.039665 kcal/mol and Ki of 273.16 3.026 nM as compared to the NDGA which has a binding energy of -7.186 0.170503 kcal/mol and Ki 5.604 1.618 M. Conclusion: Tinospora cordifolia can be used as a source of berberine and possible anti inflammatory activity of Tinospora cordifolia may be attributed to the presence of berberine.
Rescue of a human mRNA splicing defect by the plant cytokinin kinetin (2003)

The defective splicing of pre-mRNA is a major cause of human disease. Exon skipping is a common result of splice mutations and has been reported in a wide variety of genetic disorders, yet the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Often, such mutations are incompletely penetrant, and low levels of normal transcript and protein are maintained. Familial dysautonomia (FD) is caused by mutations in IKBKAP, and all cases described to date involve an intron 20 mutation that results in a unique pattern of tissue-specific exon skipping. Accurate splicing of the mutant IKBKAP allele is particularly inefficient in the nervous system. Here we show that treatment with the plant cytokinin kinetin alters splicing of IKBKAP. Kinetin significantly increases inclusion of exon 20 from the endogenous gene, as well as from an IKBKAP minigene. By contrast the drug does not enhance inclusion of alternatively spliced exon 31 in MYO5A. Benzyladenine, the most closely related cytokinin, showed a similar but less dramatic effect. Our findings reveal a remarkable impact on splicing fidelity by these small molecules, which therefore provide new tools for the dissection of mechanisms controlling tissue-specific pre-mRNA splicing. Further, kinetin should be explored as a treatment for increasing the level of normal IKAP in FD, and for other splicing disorders that may share a similar mechanism.
From distributed sequential computing to distributed parallel computing (2004)

One approach to distributed parallel programming is to utilize self-migrating threads. Computations can be distributed first, and parallelized second. The first step produces a distributed sequential thread, which can be incrementally parallelized by the second step. This paper prescribes three transformations that turn distributed sequential programs into distributed parallel programs. Real-life examples and performance data are presented, and the advantages of our approach are discussed.
Combined Blockade of VEGFR-3 and VLA-1 Markedly Promotes High-Risk Corneal Transplant Survival (2011)

PURPOSE. High-risk corneal transplantation refers to grafting performed on inflamed and highly vascularized host beds. It represents a clinical dilemma because the rejection rate can be as high as 90%, irrespective of current treatment modalities. This study was conducted to investigate whether combined blockade of VEGFR-3 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3) and VLA-1 (very late antigen-1) promotes high-risk transplant survival and how it correlates with corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis before and after transplantation. METHODS. High-risk corneal transplantation was performed between normal C57BL/6 (donor) and inflamed BALB/c (recipient) mice. The recipients were randomized to receive intraperitoneal injections of VEGFR-3 and VLA-1-neutralizing antibodies or their controls twice a week for up to 8 weeks after transplantation. Corneal grafts were evaluated by ophthalmic slit-lamp biomicroscopy and analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Additionally, whole-mount corneas before and after transplantation were examined by immunofluorescent microscopic assays, and the correlation between lymphatic or blood vessel distribution and transplant outcome was analyzed. RESULTS. The combined blockade markedly promotes 90% survival of high-risk transplants. This strategy specifically modified host beds by selective inhibition of lymphangiogenesis but not hemangiogenesis. A strong correlation was also identified between high-risk transplant rejection and severe lymphatic invasion reaching the donor-graft border. CONCLUSIONS. These novel findings not only provide a new and potentially powerful strategy to promote high-risk transplant survival, they also confirm a critical role of high-degree lymphangiogenesis in mediating high-risk transplant rejection. Results from this study may also shed new light on our understanding and management of other lymphatic- and immune-related diseases in general.
[Interaction of eukaryotic tyrosyl-tRNA-synthetase with high molecular weight RNA]. (1991)

The affinity of eukaryotic tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases from bovine liver and from yeast for E. coli ribosomal RNA and synthetic polyribonucleotides has been studied by protein binding on the rRNA-Sepharose column and enzyme inhibition by high molecular weight RNAs. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from bovine liver (Mr 2.59 kDa) was fully retained on the rRNA-Sepharose and eluted by buffer with 100 mM KCl. The functionally active modified form of bovine liver tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase obtained by endogenous limited proteolysis (Mr 2.38 kDa) partially maintains the affinity for rRNA and is eluted by 50 mM KCl. The highest rRNA-binding ability was revealed for yeast tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase eluted by 200 mM KCl. The E. coli tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase was not retained on rRNA-Sepharose. The aminoacylation activities of both bovine liver and yeast tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases were efficiently inhibited by rRNA and the inhibition was partially competitive in respect to tRNA(Tyr). At the same time the activities of proteolytically modified bovine tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and E. coli tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase were not influenced by the addition of rRNA. Synthetic single- and double-stranded polyribonucleotides specifically inhibited the activity of bovine tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase to different extent. The inhibition degree of bovine liver tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase decreased in the order: poly (G) greater than poly (I) greater than poly (I).poly (C) greater than poly (G).poly (C) greater than poly (C) greater than poly (A). Poly (U) did not inhibit the activity of bovine liver tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase.
Distributed Consensus-Based Extended Kalman Filtering: A Bayesian Perspective (2019)

In this paper, we study the distributed state estimation problem where a set of nodes cooperatively estimate the hidden state of a nonlinear dynamic system based on sequential observations. As a common approach to solve this problem, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is considered from a Bayesian perspective. After linearizing the state-space model using the first-order Taylor series, we construct an equivalent maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) estimation problem under linear Gaussian assumptions coupled with a consensus constraint. The consensus-based MAP problem is solved distributedly by the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM). The resulting distributed algorithm ensures robust consensus-based state estimates among nodes and is able to converge to the central solution.
Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environments (2017)

Access to large, diverse RGB-D datasets is critical for training RGB-D scene understanding algorithms. However, existing datasets still cover only a limited number of views or a restricted scale of spaces. In this paper, we introduce Matterport3D, a large-scale RGB-D dataset containing 10,800 panoramic views from 194,400 RGB-D images of 90 building-scale scenes. Annotations are provided with surface reconstructions, camera poses, and 2D and 3D semantic segmentations. The precise global alignment and comprehensive, diverse panoramic set of views over entire buildings enable a variety of supervised and self-supervised computer vision tasks, including keypoint matching, view overlap prediction, normal prediction from color, semantic segmentation, and region classification.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituent Effect of 4‐ and 5‐Substituted 2‐Arylmethylideneindan‐1,3‐diones on Formation of 5‐Oxo‐1H‐4,5‐dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyridines. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
INJURY RISK FACTORS AMONG ORDNANCE SCHOOL SOLDIERS. (2003)

The only study that has previously examined injuries during US Army Advanced Individual Training (AIT) investigated soldiers training to be medics (Henderson, Milit Med 165:647, 2000). PURPOSE This study examined injury risk factors among 1243 male soldiers attending Ordnance School AIT (vehicle repair and maintenance occupational specialties) at Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. METHODS Overuse injury visits were complied from a medical surveillance system at the health clinic where all soldiers went for medical care. Within 3–5 days of arrival for school, soldiers performed the Army Physical Fitness Test (push-ups, sit-ups, and a 2-mile run) and completed a questionnaire. To obtain risk ratios (RR), adjusted risk ratios (ARR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), data were analyzed using survival analysis (Cox regression) with the time to the first injury as the dependent variable. RESULTS The overuse injury rate was 0.92 injuries/person-year. Univariate Cox regression showed that increased injury risk was associated with lower military rank (lowest/highest RR = 2.3, CI = 1.2–4.4), self-reported prior injury (yes/no RR = 2.4, CI = 1.9–3.1), prior cigarette smoking (yes/no RR = 1.4, CI = 1.1–1.7), and low performance on push-ups (low/high = 2.4, CI = 1.8–3.3), sit-ups (low/high = 2.1, CI = 1.5–2.8) or the run (slow/fast RR = 2.4, CI = 1.8–3.2). Factors not significantly associated with injury were military occupational specialty (5 occupations), race, location of Basic Combat Training, self-reported illness, smokeless tobacco use, and age. Multivariate Cox regression involving all covariates indicated that increased injury risk was independently associated with self-reported prior injury (yes/no ARR = 2.3, CI = 1.7–3.3) and lower performance on push-ups (low/high ARR = 1.8, CI = 1.2–2.7), sit-ups (low/high ARR = 1.6, CI = 1.1–2.5), or the run (slow/fast ARR = 1.7, CI = 1.2–2.5). CONCLUSION Self-reported prior injury and physical fitness are independently associated with time to first overuse injury among soldiers in Ordnance School.
An optoelectronic CMOS switch core for a Terabit optical local area network (2003)

Optoelectronic CMOS integrated circuits can support thousands of optical I/O per substrate, and can be used to realize optical Local Area Networks with Terabit capacities. The design of an optoelectronic CMOS switch core which interconnects 32 parallel fiber ribbons, each with 32 fibers clocked at 300 MHz, to switch 300 Gigabits/sec of data is described. The proposed optoelectronic CMOS switch uses several extremely fast self-routing CMOS "concentrators" or "arbiters", which can make routing decisions within a few nanoseconds. The switch has a regular topology suitable for efficient VLSI layout, which leads to very high clock rates and to substantially higher throughputs than possible with all-electrical switching circuits. The switch design is optimized using the Synopsis state of the art Computer Aided Design (CAD) optimization tool. Using 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS the switch can be clocked at 300 MHz, and using 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS the switch can be clocked at approx. 1 GHz. A prototype integrated circuit has been fabricated through the ARPA COOP workshop and is summarized.