gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hematocrit Distribution and Tissue Oxygenation in Large Microcirculatory Networks (2014)

A simple, novel biphasic blood flow model is introduced with equal or better predictive power when applied to historic raw data sets. It can overcome limitations of prior models pertaining to trifurcations, anastomoses, and loops. This new plasma-skimming law eases the computations of bulk blood flow and hematocrit fields in large microcirculatory networks and converges faster than prior procedures.
No-rebound trend of sea ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean: Role of "inertia effect" of the ocean (2013)

第4回極域科学シンポジウム横断セッション：[IA] 「急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明」―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2013―11月12日（火） 国立極地研究所 ２階大会議室
Study on high frequency two-stage pulse tube refrigeration at 35K:Part II. Experimental verification (2009)

For the requirements of detectors cooling at 35 K in space application,based on the calculation and analysis from the regenerator simulation software known as REGEN 3.2,a self-designed two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler(PTC) for 35 K with cold inertance tube and cold reservoir at the second stage was manufactured and tested.Experiments on the effects of charging pressure,frequency,input power on the performance of the second stage PTC were carried out.The optimum charging pressure of 1.26 MPa and the optimum frequency of 40 Hz for 35 K were obtained,which agreed well with the theoretical calculation.The lowest no-load temperature of 27.4 K with the charging pressure of 1.26 MPa and the frequency of 45 Hz together with 135 W input power was obtained.The cooling power of 0.45 W at 35 K with the charging pressure of 1.36 MPa and the frequency of 40 Hz was also obtained with an input electric power of 205 W.
Using Ratings to Gain Insight Into Conceptual Development (2013)

Probing conceptual representations without the need for verbal response has the potential for exploring conceptual deficits in SLI.
Quantifying Intrinsic Parallelism Using Linear Algebra for Algorithm/Architecture Coexploration (2011)

Degree of parallelism (DoP) is an essential complexity metric that characterizes the number of independent operation sets (IOSs) that can be concurrently executed within an algorithm. This paper presents a generic framework to identify IOSs and to quantify the DoP based on rank theorem in linear algebra. This framework is applied to extract algorithmic parallelisms at various granularities, namely, multigrain parallelism. Our parallelism is intrinsic and platform independent and can provide insights into architectural information, thus facilitating mapping onto generic platforms and early back annotation for modifying algorithms. It plays a significant role in the concurrent optimization of both algorithms and architectures, referred to as Algorithm/Architecture Coexploration (AAC), by trading off between the DoP and the number of operations (NoO). This paper reports three case studies for AAC. The case study on an IDCT reveals that our framework accurately quantifies the parallelism for mapping the algorithm onto generic platforms, including FPGA and multicore systems. The IDCT parallelized by our technique surpasses a conventional spectral parallelization. By exploiting fine-grain parallelism, this paper presents a better porting of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) onto single instruction multiple data (SIMD) machines compared with a commercial compiler. A high-quality deinterlacer is implemented on a low-cost multicore platform for real-time high-definition applications by analyzing the multigrain parallelism. These case studies reveal the effectiveness of our parallel analysis framework which is applicable to generic systems. Compared with traditional graph traversal techniques, our linear algebraic approach impressively features low complexity and is practical for complicated algorithms.
Frequency and Outcome of Cervical Cancer Prevention Failures in the United States (2007)

We measured the frequency and outcome of cervical cancer prevention failures that occurred in the Papanicolaou (Pap) and colposcopy testing phases involving 1,646,580 Pap tests in 4 American hospital systems between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2004. We defined a screening failure as a 2-step or greater discordant Pap test result and follow-up biopsy diagnosis. A total of 5,278 failures were detected (0.321% of all Pap tests); 48% and 52% of failures occurred in the Pap test and colposcopy phases, respectively. Missed squamous cancers (1 in 187,786 Pap tests), glandular cancers (1 in 19,426 Pap tests), and high-grade lesions (1 in 6,870 Pap tests) constituted 4.1% of all failures. Unnecessary repeated tests or diagnostic delays occurred in 70.8% and 63.9% of failures involving high- and low-grade lesions, respectively. We conclude that cervical cancer prevention practices are remarkably successful in preventing squamous cancers, although a high frequency of failures results in low-impact negative outcomes.
Metabolic Flexibility Permits Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival in an Ischemic Environment (2008)

The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for myocardial repair following ischemic injury is of strong interest, but current knowledge regarding the survival and retention of differentiation potency of stem cells under ischemic conditions is limited. The present study investigated the effects of ischemia and its components (hypoxia and glucose depletion) on MSC viability and multipotency. We demonstrate that MSCs have a profoundly greater capacity to survive under conditions of ischemia compared with cardiomyocytes, measured by detecting changes in cellular morphology, caspase activity and phosphatidylserine exposure. MSCs were also resistant to exposure to hypoxia (0.5% O(2)), as well as inhibition of mitochondrial respiration with 2,4-dinitrophenol for 72 hours, indicating that in the absence of oxygen, MSCs can survive using anaerobic ATP production. Glucose deprivation (glucose-free medium in combination with 2-deoxyglucose) induced rapid death of MSCs. Depletion of cellular ATP occurred at a lower rate during glucose deprivation than during ischemia, suggesting that glycolysis has specific prosurvival functions, independent of energy production in MSCs. After exposure to hypoxic or ischemic conditions, MSCs retained the ability to differentiate into chondrocytes and adipocytes and, more importantly, retained cardiomyogenic potency. These results suggest that MSCs are characterized by metabolic flexibility, which enables them to survive under conditions of ischemic stress and retain their multipotent phenotype. These results highlight the potential utility of MSCs in the treatment of ischemic disease.
Enterobacteriaceae dominate the core microbiome and contribute to the resistome of arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) (2019)

Enterobacteria, being core microbiome members of arugula, have a substantial implication in the overall resistome. Detailed insights into the natural occurrence of antibiotic resistances in arugula-associated microorganisms showed that the plant is a hotspot for distinctive defense mechanisms. The specific functioning of microorganisms in this unusual ecosystem provides a unique model to study antibiotic resistances in an ecological context.
A Long-Term Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Meloxicam Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (1996)

Meloxicam is a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which has a higher activity against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) than against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), with potentially high anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. This study was designed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of meloxicam 15 mg daily. Three hundred and fifty-seven patients (aged 19-84 yr, mean 56 yr) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) received meloxicam 15 mg orally once daily, for up to 18 months. Sixty-six per cent of patients remained on therapy for 18 months. Mean global efficacy, assessed by each patient on a visual analogue scale (0 cm = excellent, 10 cm = useless), was 3.32 +/- 3.1 cm at the last study visit (all patients included) and 2.33 +/- 2.25 cm after 18 months. Health status, general condition, morning stiffness, grip strength of right hand, Ritchie joint index, pain in the morning and pain at night all improved significantly. Efficacy was maintained through the study. Only 11.4% of patients discontinued prematurely due to lack of efficacy. Mean global tolerance was good. Twenty-eight per cent of patients experienced gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events, 21% musculoskeletal system disorders, 18% skin disorders and 15% respiratory disorders. Only 13.7% of patients discontinued due to adverse events. Severe GI effects, such as perforation, ulcer and bleeding, occurred in only three patients (0.8%). Withdrawals due to GI adverse events occurred in 3.9% of patients. Meloxicam 15 mg once daily was effective and compared favourably with standard NSAIDs regarding tolerance when administered to patients with RA over an 18 month period.
5-Methoxyjusticidin A, a New Arylnaphthalene Lignan from Protium unifoliolatum (1998)

A new arylnaphthalene lignan, 9-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4,5,6, 7-tetramethoxynaphtho[2,3-C]furan-1(3H)-one (5-methoxyjusticidin A, 1), was isolated from a Et2O extract of the wood of Protium unifoliolatum. The structure of 1 was determined by both spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Osteoclastogenesis Inhibitor (+)‐Symbioimine (I). (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Localization of the human gene for fibulin-1 (FBLN1) to chromosome band 22q13.3 (1995)

Using fibulin-1 cDNA probes, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization to map the human chromosomal location of the gene encoding the extracellular matrix and blood glycoprotein, fibulin-1 (FBLN1). The gene for fibulin-1 was mapped to a single site on the long arm of human chromosome 22 (22q13.3). The assignment of the chromosomal map position for the fibulin-1 gene will aid in the evaluation of its potential roles in human connective tissue and blood diseases.
Γ-Xinterference effects on quasi-bound-state lifetimes in GaAs/AlAs double-barrier heterostructures (1993)

The effect of \ensuremath{\Gamma}-X mixing on electron quasi-bound-state lifetimes in GaAs/AlAs symmetric double-barrier heterostructures is studied theoretically using an empirical tight-binding band-structure model. It is found that the \ensuremath{\Gamma} quasi-bound-state tunneling times can be shortened or lengthened by \ensuremath{\Gamma}-X mixing, depending on whether the AlAs barriers consist of an even or odd number of monolayers. This is attributed to the interference between the \ensuremath{\Gamma} and X conduction channels in the AlAs barriers.
Temperature Fluctuations During Crystal Growth (1988)

Technique developed to deconvolve period and relative amplitude of fluctuations of heat flow inBridgman crystal growth. Temperature-measuring device with enough sensitivity and frequency response to make desired measurements inserted close as possible to substance monitored. Time-dependent temperature response recorded, and time domain response converted to frequency domain for further analysis. Fast fourier transform (FFT) of data on temperature oscillations shows particular behavior at some specific frequencies corresponding with striations, or defects observed on crystal. Useful procedure to help determine sources of some growth-induced crystalline defects. Other processes sensitive to small temperature fluctuations, such as diffusion, precipitation, and corrsion, benefit from technique.
Pseudofunctions and Extended Dietz Theory for Gravity-Segregated Displacement in Stratified Reservoirs (1994)

Summary This paper develops a new vertical equilibrium (VE) theory that accounts for gravity-segregated displacement in stratified reservoirs and is expressed either in terms of pseudofunctions or as an extended Dietz model. The theory includes reservoir stratification and capillary effects. An example calculation based on field data compares favorably with the more general numerical simulation.
Varicella-Zoster Virus in Giant Cell Arteritis (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
α,α‐Diheterosubstituted Ketones (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polarization switching in nanoscale ferroelectrics (2021)

The polarization switching kinetics of ferroelectric crystals and the transition between homogeneous and domain switching in the nanoscale ferroelectric films are considered. Homogeneous switching according to the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire (LGD) theory is possible only in two-dimensional ferroelectrics. A review of the experimental results for two-dimensional films of a ferroelectric polymer, barium titanate nanofilms, and hafnium oxide-based films is given. For ultrathin polymer films, the results are confirmed by first-principle calculations. Fitting of the transition region from homogeneous to domain switching by sigmoidal Boltzmann functions is carried out.
A model-oriented benchmark problem for CO2 storage (2010)

Simulation of CO2 storage in geological formations inherently involves decisions concerning relevant physics, upscaling, and numerical modeling. We propose a benchmark study designed to assess the impact of these necessary choices, within the context of storage in a conceptually simple geological formation. The benchmark asks for answers to relevant ques-tions regarding the ultimate fate of the injected CO2 plume. 1
Antimethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of ‘pacific propolis’ and isolated prenylflavanones (2010)

The need to discover and develop alternative therapies to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections is timely. This study was undertaken to purify and identify some anti-MRSA constituents from propolis, a natural product from the beehive traditionally used in folk medicine for its antimicrobial properties. A crude extract of propolis originating from the Solomon Islands ('Pacific propolis') was screened, using an agar dilution assay, in vitro against 15 MRSA clinical isolates. Results revealed activity worthy of further investigation, and subsequent purification work on this crude extract afforded 23 fractions. Further purification of active fractions led to the isolation of compounds 1-4, characterized upon analysis of their spectroscopic data (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS) and by comparison with the literature, as the prenylflavanones propolin H (1), propolin G (2), propolin D (3), and propolin C (4). This study is the first to report the anti-MRSA activity of 'Pacific propolis' and the presence of prenylflavanones in the propolis sample selected. The anti-MRSA activity of propolin D (3) (MIC 8-16 mg/L) and propolin C (4) (MIC 8-32 mg/L) is reported for the first time.
Fast X-ray powder diffraction on I11 at Diamond (2011)

The commissioning and performance characterization of a position-sensitive detector designed for fast X-ray powder diffraction experiments on beamline I11 at Diamond Light Source are described. The detecting elements comprise 18 detector-readout modules of MYTHEN-II silicon strip technology tiled to provide 90° coverage in 2θ. The modules are located in a rigid housing custom designed at Diamond with control of the device fully integrated into the beamline data acquisition environment. The detector is mounted on the I11 three-circle powder diffractometer to provide an intrinsic resolution of Δ2θ approximately equal to 0.004°. The results of commissioning and performance measurements using reference samples (Si and AgI) are presented, along with new results from scientific experiments selected to demonstrate the suitability of this facility for powder diffraction experiments where conventional angle scanning is too slow to capture rapid structural changes. The real-time dehydrogenation of MgH(2), a potential hydrogen storage compound, is investigated along with ultrafast high-throughput measurements to determine the crystallite quality of different samples of the metastable carbonate phase vaterite (CaCO(3)) precipitated and stabilized in the presence of amino acid molecules in a biomimetic synthesis process.
A Small Molecule Inhibits and Misdirects Assembly of Hepatitis B Virus Capsids (2002)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsids play an important role in viral nucleic acid metabolism and other elements of the virus life cycle. Misdirection of capsid assembly (leading to formation of aberrant particles) may be a powerful approach to interfere with virus production. HBV capsids can be assembled in vitro from the dimeric capsid protein. We show that a small molecule, bis-ANS, binds to capsid protein, inhibiting assembly of normal capsids and promoting assembly of noncapsid polymers. Using equilibrium dialysis to investigate binding of bis-ANS to free capsid protein, we found that only one bis-ANS molecule binds per capsid protein dimer, with an association energy of -28.0 +/- 2.0 kJ/mol (-6.7 +/- 0.5 kcal/mol). Bis-ANS inhibited in vitro capsid assembly induced by ionic strength as observed by light scattering and size exclusion chromatography. The binding energy of bis-ANS for capsid protein calculated from assembly inhibition data was -24.5 +/- 0.9 kJ/mol (-5.9 +/- 0.2 kcal/mol), essentially the same binding energy observed in studies of unassembled protein. These data indicate that capsid protein bound to bis-ANS did not participate in assembly; this mechanism of assembly inhibition is analogous to competitive or noncompetitive inhibition of enzymes. While assembly of normal capsids is inhibited, our data suggest that bis-ANS leads to formation of noncapsid polymers. Evidence of aberrant polymers was identified by light scattering and electron microscopy. We propose that bis-ANS acts as a molecular "wedge" that interferes with normal capsid protein geometry and capsid formation; such wedges may represent a new class of antiviral agent.
Thermotropic Systems: Biaxial Nematic Polymers (2015)

The phase biaxiality of nematic polymers is influenced by various parameters such as the attachment geometry, the flexibility and length of the spacer and the nature of the polymer backbone. This chapter discusses different attachment geometries and for these variations of the chemical constitution of the molecules. In nematic main-chain liquid crystal polymers, aromatic moieties are linked chemically to form rod-shaped mesogenic structures. This leads to a correlation of the rotations along the backbone, and local biaxiality on a small length scale, below the optical wavelength, can be found even in the isotropic phase. A comparison of different types of side-chain mesogens and mixtures with low molecular weight liquid crystals reveals that the side-chain end-on polymers can exhibit phase biaxiality.
High-Molecular-Weight Hydroxyethyl Starch Accelerates Kallikrein-Dependent Clot Initiation (2007)

R in samples without aprotinin diluted with Hextend (mean +/- SD, 132 +/- 6 seconds) was significantly smaller than that in samples with 0% dilution (155 +/- 5 seconds) and 30% dilution with 0.9% NaCl (162 +/- 9 seconds), but was not less than that in Voluven-diluted samples (149 +/- 14 seconds). R significantly increased (28%-68%) in all conditions with aprotinin compared to samples without aprotinin, and Hextend had significantly smaller R compared with that in the other fluids. Lastly, R was not different in experiments with prekallikrein-deficient plasma. These data indicate that Hextend accelerates kallikrein-dependent clot initiation compared with 0.9% NaCl or Voluven.
Gastric Carcinogenesis:  2-Chloro-4-methylthiobutanoic Acid, a Novel Mutagen in Salted, Pickled Sanma Hiraki Fish, or Similarly Treated Methionine (1996)

The customary salting and pickling of fish in high risk gastric cancer regions were modeled to explore the relevant causative chemicals. The fish Sanma hiraki was treated with sodium chloride and sodium nitrite at pH 3. Previously, it had been found that an extract of the treated fish was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 without S9 and also that it induced glandular stomach cancer upon gavage to rats. We now demonstrate that the mutagenicity was enhanced by preincubation of the raw meat for several days before salt-nitrite treatment. HPLC techniques showed that three mutagens were present in the fish extract. One of the mutagens was found to be stable over the pH range of 1.0-9.0. This mutagen was purified by silica gel solid phase extraction, followed by a series of reverse phase HPLC steps, and was characterized by low and high resolution MS, NMR, and FT-IR. While N-nitroso compounds were generally believed to be associated with gastric carcinogenesis, it was unexpectedly found that the mutagen has the novel structure 2-chloro-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (CMBA). Based on the structure, it seemed likely that methionine might be the precursor, and this was, indeed, proven. Both salt and nitrite are essential factors for forming this mutagen. The yield of CMBA was linear for chloride concentrations from 0 to 800 mM NaCl. Of 20 amino acids reacted with nitrite and chloride at pH 3, only methionine generated a mutagen for S. typhimurium TA 1535. Tryptophan gave a product mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98, but not TA 1535, and in the case of tyrosine, the mutagen was active only for TA 100. These results suggest an important role for salt in gastric carcinogenesis and provide new approaches for exploring the formation of mutagens/carcinogens for specific target organs.
Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Permanent Magnet Scraps with Membrane Solvent Extraction (2015)

The rare earth elements (REEs) such as neodymium, praseodymium, and dysprosium were successfully recovered from commercial NdFeB magnets and industrial scrap magnets via membrane assisted solvent extraction (MSX). A hollow fiber membrane system was evaluated to extract REEs in a single step with the feed and strip solutions circulating continuously through the MSX system. The effects of several experimental variables on REE extraction such as flow rate, concentration of REEs in the feed solution, membrane configuration, and composition of acids were investigated with the MSX system. A multimembrane module configuration with REEs dissolved in aqueous nitric acid solutions showed high selectivity for REE extraction with no coextraction of non-REEs, whereas the use of aqueous hydrochloric acid solution resulted in coextraction of non-REEs due to the formation of chloroanions of non-REEs. The REE oxides were recovered from the strip solution through precipitation, drying, and annealing steps. The resulting REE oxides were characterized with XRD, SEM-EDX, and ICP-OES, demonstrating that the membrane assisted solvent extraction is capable of selectively recovering pure REEs from the industrial scrap magnets.