gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Randomised controlled trial to evaluate a new sealant to prevent biliary fistula in liver surgery: Should we reconsider bile leak classification? (2021)

Matteo Maria CIMINO*, Fabio PROCOPIO, Simone FAMULARO, Jacopo GALVANIN, Simone GIUDICI, Valentina TAGLIAFERRI, Matteo DONADON, Luca VIGANO’, Daniele DEL FABBRO, Guido TORZILLI. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021;25:S68. https://doi.org/10.14701/ahbps.LV-OP-4-2
Commonsense Knowledge Mining from the Web (2010)

Good and generous knowledge sources, reliable and efficient induction patterns, and automatic and controllable quality assertion approaches are three critical issues to commonsense knowledge (CSK) acquisition. This paper employs Open Mind Common Sense (OMCS), a volunteers-contributed CSK database, to study the first and the third issues. For those stylized CSK, our result shows that over 40% of CSK for four predicate types in OMCS can be found in the web, which contradicts to the assumption that CSK is not communicated in texts. Moreover, we propose a commonsense knowledge classifier trained from OMCS, and achieve high precision in some predicate types, e.g., 82.6% in HasProperty. The promising results suggest new ways of analyzing and utilizing volunteer-contributed knowledge to design systems automatically mining commonsense knowledge from the web.
Cellular defects caused by deletion of the Escherichia coli dnaK gene indicate roles for heat shock protein in normal metabolism (1989)

DnaK is a major heat shock protein of Escherichia coli and has been previously reported to be essential for growth at high temperatures. We systematically investigated the role of DnaK in cellular metabolism at a wide range of growth temperatures by analyzing cellular defects caused by deletion of the dnaK gene (delta dnaK52). At intermediate temperatures (30 degrees C), introduction of the delta dnaK52 allele into wild-type cells caused severe defects in cell division, slow growth, and poor viability of the cells. delta dnaK52 mutants were genetically unstable at 30 degrees C and frequently acquired secondary mutations. At high (42 degrees C) and low (11 and 16 degrees C) temperatures the delta dnaK52 allele could only be introduced into the subpopulation of wild-type cells that had duplicated the dnaK region of their chromosome. delta dnaK52 mutants isolated at 30 degrees C were cold sensitive as well as temperature sensitive for growth. Cell division defects of delta dnaK52 mutants at 30 degrees C were largely suppressed by overproduction of the FtsZ protein, which is normally required for septation during cell division; however, slow growth and poor viability at 30 degrees C and cold sensitivity and temperature sensitivity of growth were not suppressed, indicating that delta dnaK52 mutants had additional defective cellular functions besides cell division.
9-cis retinoic acid induces complete remission but does not reverse clinically acquired retinoid resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia (1995)

9-cis retinoic acid (RA) is a high-affinity ligand for both retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid "X" receptors (RXRs). Although all-trans RA does not bind to RXRs, RAR/RXR heterodimers or RXR/RXR homodimers bind to specific DNA response elements and modulate proliferation and differentiation of normal and malignant cells. Because the development of clinical resistance to all-trans RA has been associated with a progressive decrease in plasma drug concentrations, we evaluated the ability of 9-cis RA to induce in vitro cytodifferentiation in subclones of a retinoid-sensitive and resistant APL cell line (NB4) and in short-term cultures of fresh leukemic cells aspirated from patients. We also evaluated the clinical activity and pharmacokinetics of 9-cis RA (LGD 1057) in patients with APL who were previously treated with all-trans RA. In vitro tests of both retinoid-sensitive NB4 cells, as well as samples of fresh cells from 11 patients with APL, showed relatively equivalent degrees of sensitivity to both 9-cis RA and all-trans RA at concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-8) mol/L; however, no substantial cytodifferentiation was observed using either drug alone or in combination (10(-6) mol/L of each) in retinoid-resistant NB4 cells. Seven patients with APL who had previously relapsed from a remission induced by all-trans RA were treated with 9-cis RA at daily oral doses ranging from 30 to 230 mg/m2. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the mean terminal plasma half-life of 9-cis RA (1.3 hours) changed very little after several weeks of dosing, although the mean change per dose level in area under the plasma concentration x time curves and peak plasma concentrations showed a decrease by 49% and 45%, respectively. Peak plasma concentrations equaled or exceeded concentrations that were effective against retinoid-sensitive cells in vitro. Despite these favorable pharmacokinetic results, only one of the seven patients achieved complete remission, corroborating in vitro studies of blasts from three of the nonresponders that showed a relatively equivalent degree of resistance to both retinoids. Our results suggest that while 9-cis RA may not induce its own catabolism to the same degree as all-trans RA, this feature does not appear to overcome clinically acquired resistance to all-trans RA in APL. Nonetheless, the drug can induce complete remissions in patients with APL and may be useful for extended therapy in other diseases. Future studies should address the use of lower doses in patients who have not previously received retinoid therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Low-Cost High-Performance MRI (2015)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is unparalleled in its ability to visualize anatomical structure and function non-invasively with high spatial and temporal resolution. Yet to overcome the low sensitivity inherent in inductive detection of weakly polarized nuclear spins, the vast majority of clinical MRI scanners employ superconducting magnets producing very high magnetic fields. Commonly found at 1.5-3 tesla (T), these powerful magnets are massive and have very strict infrastructure demands that preclude operation in many environments. MRI scanners are costly to purchase, site, and maintain, with the purchase price approaching $1 M per tesla (T) of magnetic field. We present here a remarkably simple, non-cryogenic approach to high-performance human MRI at ultra-low magnetic field, whereby modern under-sampling strategies are combined with fully-refocused dynamic spin control using steady-state free precession techniques. At 6.5 mT (more than 450 times lower than clinical MRI scanners) we demonstrate (2.5 × 3.5 × 8.5) mm(3) imaging resolution in the living human brain using a simple, open-geometry electromagnet, with 3D image acquisition over the entire brain in 6 minutes. We contend that these practical ultra-low magnetic field implementations of MRI (<10 mT) will complement traditional MRI, providing clinically relevant images and setting new standards for affordable (<$50,000) and robust portable devices.
Evolution of Microdroplet Morphology Confined on Asymmetric Micropillar Structures (2019)

The design of topological features to control the spreading of liquid has been widely investigated. Micropillar structures, for example, can retain stable droplets on the tip by inhibiting the contact line from advancing over a sharp solid edge. The pinning behavior of droplets on noncircular pillars, however, has received little attention. In this study, we analyze the retention of microdroplets with high and low surface tensions on axisymmetric and asymmetric porous micropillar structures. Circular, square, and triangular structures fabricated on silicon substrates are used to characterize the dynamic behavior of droplets before and after bursting. The critical pinning conditions are based on the visualization and pressure measurements of droplets. A theoretical model is developed based on a free energy analysis for predicting the change in pressure as the working fluid advances on the micropillar. For high surface tension liquids (e.g., water), the maximum pressure occurs when the contact line is pinned along the edge of the inner pore. For low surface tension liquids (e.g., Isopropanol and Novec 7500), the maximum pressure occurs when the contact line is pinned along the outer edge of the structure. The theoretical and experimental results demonstrate how a droplet pinned atop a triangular micropillar exhibits the smallest critical volume at the bursting moment. When using IPA solution (γ = 23 mN/m) and Novec 7500 (γ = 16 mN/m) as the working fluids, a change in the micropillar shape from circle to triangle, respectively, yields a 83% and 76% reduction in the critical burst volume. Meanwhile, the bursting pressure increases from 172 to 300 Pa and from 127 to 216 Pa for IPA and Novec 7500, respectively. These findings provide new insights to the rational design of surface micro/nanoengineered structures for tuning the surface wetting characteristics in scientific and engineering applications.
A Citation-Based Patent Evaluation Framework to Reveal Hidden Value and Enable Strategic Business Decisions (2014)

IntroductionA patent can bring several well-known forms of potential value to a firm, primarily through the option for a 20-year monopoly to a patented technology. The monopoly represents other forms of value such as exclusive usage rights, licensing opportunities (with potential royalties), and proceeds from any future sale of the patent. These and numerous other forms of
eSTORM: Enhanced self tuning on-board real-time engine model (2004)

Abstract : A key to producing reliable engine diagnostics and prognostics resides in the fusion of different processing techniques. Fusion of techniques has been shown to improve diagnostic performance while simultaneously reducing false alarms. Presented here is an approach that fuses a physical model called STORM (Self Tuning Onboard, Real-time engine Model) developed by Pratt & Whitney, with an empirical neural net model to provide a unique hybrid model called enhanced STORM (eSTORM) for engine diagnostics. STORM is a piecewise linear approximation of the engine cycle deck. Though STORM provides significant improvement over existing real-time engine model methods, there are several effects that impact engine performance that STORM does not capture. Integrating an empirical model with STORM accommodates the modeling errors. This paper describes the development of eSTORM for a Pratt & Whitney high bypass turbofan engine. Results of using STORM and eSTORM on simulated engine data are presented and compared. eSTORM is shown to work extremely well in reducing STORM modeling errors and biases for the conditions considered.
Effect of a microbial calcium‐independent transglutaminase on functional properties of a partially purified cowpea (vigna unguiculata) globulin (1999)

A partially purified globulin from cowpea seeds was polymerised by calcium-independent microbial transglutaminase. The level of free amino groups in the globulin decreased with increase in enzyme concentration, suggesting that the cross-linking reaction involved participation of the amino residues. At transglutaminase concentrations of 6–18 μg ml−1 emulsifying activity decreased with increasing enzyme concentration and degree of cross-linking, while a similar trend was observed for the foaming property at 6–12 μg ml−1 transglutaminase concentrations. The resultant emulsions and foams formed by the cross-linked proteins were more stable than those formed by the untreated protein. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that of the two major polypeptides, the 55 kDa protein was more susceptible to transglutaminase action than the 50 kDa protein. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an amorphous structure for the control protein gel while a more defined and cross-linked gel structure was observed for the protein treated with transglutaminase. The results suggest that protein products differing in functionalities can be obtained by controlling the degree of enzymatic protein cross-linking. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Photovoltaic-Driven Multiple-Quantum-Well Modulator (1989)

Proposed high-performance spatial light modulator consists of multiple-quantum-well, strain-layer superlattice similar to one described in accompanying article, Strain-Layer-Superlattice Light Modulator (NPO-16915). Device differs from other one, operates in transmission rather than in resonant reflection and therefore includes only one stack of GaAs/InAs layers having total thickness less than penetration depth (1 to 2 micrometer) of optical modulating signal. Alternating, semitransparent semiconductor layers contain space-charge barriers forming quantum wells. Modulating light (with photon energy greater than semiconductor band gap) induces photovoltaic action, which affects transmission of modulated light (having photon energy less than band gap).
Picometre and nanoradian heterodyne interferometry and its application in dilatometry and surface metrology (2012)

A high-sensitivity heterodyne interferometer implementing differential wavefront sensing for tilt measurement was developed over the last few years. With this setup, using an aluminium breadboard and compact optical mounts with a beam height of 2 cm, noise levels less than 5 pm Hz−1/2 in translation and less than 10 nrad Hz−1/2 in tilt measurement, both for frequencies above 10−2 Hz, have been demonstrated. Here, a new, compact and ruggedized interferometer setup utilizing a baseplate made of Zerodur, a thermally and mechanically highly stable glass ceramic with a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 2 × 10−8 K−1, is presented. The optical components are fixed to the baseplate using a specifically developed, easy-to-handle, assembly-integration technology based on a space-qualified two-component epoxy. While developed as a prototype for future applications aboard satellite space missions (such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna), the interferometer is used in laboratory experiments for dilatometry and surface metrology. A first dilatometer setup with a demonstrated accuracy of 10−7 K−1 in CTE measurement was realized. As it was seen that the accuracy is limited by the dimensional stability of the sample tube support, a new setup was developed utilizing Zerodur as structural material for the sample tube support. In another activity, the interferometer is used for characterization of high-quality mirror surfaces at the picometre level and for high-accuracy two-dimensional surface characterization in a prototype for industrial applications. In this paper, the corresponding designs, their realizations and first measurements of both applications in dilatometry and surface metrology are presented.
A mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana displaying altered patterns of cellulose deposition (1995)

Summary A homozygous recessive mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana has been selected which displays altered patterns of cellulose deposition. The mutant was selected because leaf and stem trichomes lacked the strong birefringence under polarized light which is characteristic of plant cells which contain highly ordered cellulose in their secondary cell walls. Compared with wild‐type A. thaliana , this mutant (designated tbr for trichome birefringence) also displays reduced birefringence in the xylem of the leaf. Direct chemical analyses of root, stem, and leaf tissues, including isolated leaf trichomes, support the conclusion that tbr is impaired in its ability to deposit secondary wall cellulose in specific cell types, most notably in trichomes where the secondary wall appears to be totally absent. Altered patterns of wound‐induced callose deposition in trichomes and surrounding cells is another trait which also co‐segregates with the tbr mutation.
High‐Content Screening and Profiling of Drug Activity in an Automated Centrosome‐Duplication Assay (2005)

Under the “Compound libraries” subheading of the Experimental Section, the last sentence should read: “…︁threefold dilution series ranging from 5 nM to 10 mM” rather than “…︁ranging from 5 to 10 mM”. The editorial office apologizes for this error.
Determination of Molecular Mass during Online Monitoring of Copolymerization Reactions (2007)

Light scattering determination of weight-average molecular mass Mw of a copolymer has historically required that measurements be made in at least three separate solvents of different index of refraction. Recently, however, it was demonstrated that, in principle, the evolution of Mw of a copolymer can be followed during copolymerization reactions using automatic continuous online monitoring of polymerization reactions (ACOMP). The continuous measurement of Mw by ACOMP is made possible by the fact that ACOMP provides the comonomer concentrations and absolute light scattering intensity at each instant of time during conversion and, hence, also yields the evolution of the average and instantaneous composition distribution. In this work, a workable and practical formalism for determination of Mw during reactions, using a single solvent, is developed for the case of N comonomers. The traditional method quickly becomes intractable since the number of solvents required grows as N(N + 1)/2, and the number of auxiliary measurements of differential index of refraction of polymers in the solvents is N(N + 1)2/2. The formalism is applied to experimental cases involving copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate, and Mw and apparent mass Map are compared. Results are correlated with traditional multisolvent determinations on endproducts and gel permeation chromatography approaches.
Diagnosis in systems based on an informed tree search strategy : application to cartographic generalisation (2008)

International audience
Fusion of learned multi-modal representations and dense trajectories for emotional analysis in videos (2015)

When designing a video affective content analysis algorithm, one of the most important steps is the selection of discriminative features for the effective representation of video segments. The majority of existing affective content analysis methods either use low-level audio-visual features or generate handcrafted higher level representations based on these low-level features. We propose in this work to use deep learning methods, in particular convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in order to automatically learn and extract mid-level representations from raw data. To this end, we exploit the audio and visual modality of videos by employing Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and color values in the HSV color space. We also incorporate dense trajectory based motion features in order to further enhance the performance of the analysis. By means of multi-class support vector machines (SVMs) and fusion mechanisms, music video clips are classified into one of four affective categories representing the four quadrants of the Valence-Arousal (VA) space. Results obtained on a subset of the DEAP dataset show (1) that higher level representations perform better than low-level features, and (2) that incorporating motion information leads to a notable performance gain, independently from the chosen representation.
Validation of time-domain single-passage methods for the unsteady simulation of a contra-rotating open rotor (2015)

The growing pressure to reduce fuel consumption and cut emissions has triggered renewed interest in contra-rotating open rotor technologies. Open rotors achieve a significant reduction in fuel consumption by allowing large increases in bypass ratio without the weight and drag penalties which arise from simply scaling up a turbofan bypass duct. However, in addition to potential noise issues, open rotors are susceptible to self-exited or forced vibration because of their unducted, light-weight, highly swept blades. The prediction of aeroelastic instabilities requires numerical methods which can accurately model the unsteady environment. Compared to full circumference simulations, single-passage multi-row methods with phase-lagged boundary conditions can offer significant savings in computational time but need to be validated for contra-rotating open rotor geometries operating at angle of attack. This paper presents the application of a time-domain single-passage method with multi-frequency phase-lagged boundary conditions for the unsteady simulation of a contra-rotating open rotor rig at take-off operating conditions. The single-passage solution is compared to the reference full circumference solution as well as experimental measurements. It is demonstrated that the single-passage multi-row approach provides a good approximation for open rotors operating at angles of attack at significantly reduced computational cost.
Complete Sequence of Virulence Plasmid pJM1 from the Marine Fish PathogenVibrio anguillarumStrain 775 (2003)

The virulence plasmid pJM1 enables the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum, a gram-negative polarly flagellated comma-shaped rod bacterium, to cause a highly fatal hemorrhagic septicemic disease in salmonids and other fishes, leading to epizootics throughout the world. The pJM1 plasmid 65,009-nucleotide sequence, with an overall G+C content of 42.6%, revealed genes and open reading frames (ORFs) encoding iron transporters, nonribosomal peptide enzymes, and other proteins essential for the biosynthesis of the siderophore anguibactin. Of the 59 ORFs, approximately 32% were related to iron metabolic functions. The plasmid pJM1 confers on V. anguillarum the ability to take up ferric iron as a complex with anguibactin from a medium in which iron is chelated by transferrin, ethylenediamine-di(o-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid), or other iron-chelating compounds. The fatDCBA-angRT operon as well as other downstream biosynthetic genes is bracketed by the homologous ISV-A1 and ISV-A2 insertion sequences. Other clusters on the plasmid also show an insertion element-flanked organization, including ORFs homologous to genes involved in the biosynthesis of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Homologues of replication and partition genes are also identified on pJM1 adjacent to this region. ORFs with no known function represent approximately 30% of the pJM1 sequence. The insertion sequence elements in the composite transposon-like structures, corroborated by the G+C content of the pJM1 sequence, suggest a modular composition of plasmid pJM1, biased towards acquisition of modules containing genes related to iron metabolic functions. We also show that there is considerable microheterogeneity in pJM1-like plasmids from virulent strains of V. anguillarum isolated from different geographical sources.