gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zeeman Effect in the Electronic Spectrum of Solid CS2 (1971)

The lowest-energy A23 ← Σg+1 singlet-triplet transition of CS2 has been studied in the CS2 crystal at 4.2°K. The spectrum consists mainly of progressions in the bending mode ν2′. The following values for the upper state frequencies have been obtained (ν1′ = 677 cm−1, ν2′=309 cm−1) and the unobserved B2 electronic origin has been calculated to be at 24 739 cm−1. Zeeman studies of the 3676-Å band system have been used to assign a very weak component of a vibronic band of this system as a crystal field induced transition to the (A1, B1) pair of spin sublevels of the triplet state A23. The zero field splitting (ZFS) parameter of 36 ± 1 cm−1 thus obtained for the vibronic state is comparable with the one calculated by Hougen [J. Chem. Phys. 41, 363, (1964)] from Zeeman line broadening experiments in the gas phase done by Douglas and Milton [J. Chem. Phys. 41, 357 (1964)] on comparable vibronic bands. The large value of the ZFS parameter can be explained if it is assumed that the A23 and B23 states are quite nearby.
Proteasome inhibition with bortezomib suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma (2009)

Osteosarcomas are primary bone tumors of osteoblastic origin that mostly affect adolescent patients. These tumors are highly aggressive and metastatic. Previous reports indicate that gain of function of a key osteoblastic differentiation factor, Runx2, leads to growth inhibition in osteosarcoma. We have previously established that Runx2 transcriptionally regulates expression of a major proapoptotic factor, Bax. Runx2 is regulated via proteasomal degradation, and proteasome inhibition has a stimulatory effect on Runx2. In this study, we hypothesized that proteasome inhibition will induce Runx2 and Runx2-dependent Bax expression sensitizing osteosarcoma cells to apoptosis. Our data showed that a proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, increased Runx2 and Bax in osteosarcoma cells. In vitro, bortezomib suppressed growth and induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells but not in nonmalignant osteoblasts. Experiments involving intratibial tumor xenografts in nude mice demonstrated significant tumor regression in bortezomib-treated animals. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that bortezomib inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma xenografts. These effects correlated with increased immunoreactivity for Runx2 and Bax. In summary, our results indicate that bortezomib suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo suggesting that proteasome inhibition may be effective as an adjuvant to current treatment regimens for these tumors. Published 2009 UICC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Virulence-Related Genes Identified from the Genome Sequence of the Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae Strain VcN1, Isolated from Dhaka, Bangladesh (2018)

We report here the first draft genome sequence of the non-O1/non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> strain VcN1, isolated from Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data submitted to GenBank for this strain will contribute to advancing our understanding of this environmentally disseminated bacterium, including its virulence and its evolution as an important pathogen.
Medium concentration influencing growth of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and its symbiotic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens (2001)

The biological control potential of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) can be enhanced by improved culture efficiency. Optimization of the media is a key factor for improving in vitro mass production of entomopathogenic nematodes. This study reports the effect of medium concentration. The medium is a combination of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, salts, and growth factors, on the growth of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and its symbiotic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens. The overall optimal medium concentration for nematode recovery, hermaphrodite size, bacterial mass, infective juveniles (IJs) yield, and doubling time was 84 g/l. At this concentration rate, the doubling time of IJs production and the biomass of symbiotic bacteria was 1.6 days and 12.8 g/l, respectively. The maximum yield of 2.4×10 5 IJs/ml was attained within a one-generation cycle (eight days). The yield coefficient was 2.8×10 6 IJs/g medium, and the maximum productivity was 3.1×10 7 IJs per day. Medium concentration affected two independent factors, recovery and hermaphrodite size, which in turn influenced the final yield.
Protecting ultra- and hyperhydrophilic implant surfaces in dry state from loss of wettability (2016)

Abstract Ultrahydrophilic titanium miniplates with sandblasted and acid etched (SLA) surfaces were protected from loss of hydrophilicity by an exsiccation layer of salt and stored in a dry state. Various salts in different concentrations were tested in respect to their conservation capacity and optical appearance. Potassium phosphate buffer in a specified composition appeared to be optimal. This optimal system was applied in a long time storage experiment showing no loss of hydrophilicity over years. It was also transferred with success to hyperhydrophilic dental implants.
From Triode Oscillations to Pulse Modulated Radar: Sir Edward Appleton’s Involvement (2000)

The history, and some of the later developments, of Sir Edward Appleton’s researches into the properties of the triode valve are discussed. These began in 1918, and continued until late 1924. Following an overview of his earliest work on the physics of the device, which he carried out both independently and with other research scientists, notably Van der Pol, the paper moves on to discuss Appleton’s invention of a pulse oscillator circuit, which he always referred to as his ‘squegger circuit’. This was initially used for a variety of pulse sounding experiments on the ionosphere, a new branch of research physics with which Appleton was intimately involved during the 1930s. The use of the squegger circuit as a method of detecting friendly aircraft on the radar screens of British operators, provides the premise for the final part of the paper.
Segmentation et Interprétation de Nuages de Points pour la Modélisation d'Environnements Urbains (2013)

Dans cet article, nous présentons une méthode pour la détection et la classification d'artefacts au niveau du sol, comme phase de filtrage préalable à la modélisation d'environnements urbains. La méthode de détection est réalisée sur l'image profondeur, une projection de nuage de points sur un plan image où la valeur du pixel correspond à la distance du point au plan. En faisant l'hypothèse que les artefacts sont situés au sol, ils sont détectés par une transformation de chapeau haut de forme par remplissage de trous sur l'image de profondeur. Les composantes connexes ainsi obtenues, sont ensuite caractérisées et une analyse des variables est utilisée pour la sélection des caractéristiques les plus discriminantes. Les composantes connexes sont donc classifiées en quatre catégories (lampadaires, piétons, voitures et "Reste") à l'aide d'un algorithme d'apprentissage supervisé. La méthode a été testée sur des nuages de points de la ville de Paris, en montrant de bons résultats de détection et de classification dans l'ensemble de données.---In this article, we present a method for detection and classification of artifacts at the street level, in order to filter cloud point, facilitating the urban modeling process. Our approach exploits 3D information by using range image, a projection of 3D points onto an image plane where the pixel intensity is a function of the measured distance between 3D points and the plane. By assuming that the artifacts are on the ground, they are detected using a Top-Hat of the hole filling algorithm of range images. Then, several features are extracted from the detected connected components and a stepwise forward variable/model selection by using the Wilk's Lambda criterion is performed. Afterward, CCs are classified in four categories (lampposts, pedestrians, cars and others) by using a supervised machine learning method. The proposed method was tested on cloud points of Paris, and have shown satisfactory results on the whole dataset.
Observer-based discrete-time sliding mode throttle control for drive-by-wire operation of a racing motorcycle engine (2006)

In this brief, the problem of designing a drive-by-wire throttle control system for a high-performance motorcycle engine is considered. Given the characteristics of the electromechanical system to be controlled, an observer-based, discrete-time sliding mode (DTSM) servo controller with integral action is adopted. The controller is designed on the basis of an identified model of the system, whose states are estimated by means of a state observer. Different state observer structures are analyzed, and it is shown that the main characteristics of standard state-feedback-based sliding mode control systems are preserved. A theoretical analysis is also presented showing that a separation principle holds, so that the state observer and the DTSM controller can be designed independently. The performances of the designed controller are illustrated by reporting the results of tests performed on track with a racing motorcycle.
An international English speech corpus for longitudinal study of accent development (2011)

If English is used intensively as a lingua franca in a multilanguage community, do speakers then converge towards a single common accent? This speech corpus allows for longitudinal study to investigate the question of convergence by means of repeated speech recordings of students at an English-language college over a period of 5 years. We describe the content and collection of the corpus and the type of research that is envisaged, as well as tools used to manage and analyze the recordings, including automatic phone recognition for prosodic analyses; and intelligibility experiments using the SRT method.
The non-ergot derived dopamine agonist quinagolide in prevention of early ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in IVF patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (2010)

Quinagolide appears to prevent moderate/severe early OHSS while not affecting treatment outcome. The effect is more marked in patients who did not achieve a clinical pregnancy. Quinagolide administered in high doses without dose-titration is associated with poor tolerability. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00329693.
Optimization of the neutralization of Red Mud by pyrolysis bio-oil using a design of experiments approach (2014)

Co-processing alkaline Red Mud (bauxite residue) with acidic pyrolysis bio-oil yields a gray pH-neutral solid containing ∼30% (w/w) biomass derived carbon and magnetic iron suboxides.
Enhancing Residential Gateways: OSGi Service Composition (2007)

We propose a scheme to support the composition of OSGi services as result of orchestrating atomic services at run-time. With this proposal the OSGi potentiality increases because of the huge amount of new services that can be offered as a result of appropriate combinations. To specify the service composition we propose a totally transparent BPEL-style solution which does not break the OSGi standard. However, the syntactic matchmaking provided by the OSGi standard does not enable a flexible enough automatic service composition. Thus, we propose to define a semantic OSGi platform, which combined with the BPEL-style solution fits all the OSGi service composition requirements.
Light propagation through biological tissue and other diffusive media theory, solutions, and software. - "SPIE digital library." (2009)

Book includes a CD-ROM. This book provides foundational information on modeling light propagation through diffusive media, with special emphasis on biological tissue. A summary of the theoretical background on light propagation through diffusive media is provided with the aid of easy-to-use software designed to calculate the solutions of the diffusion equation. The book also provides: The basic theory of photon transport with the analytical solutions of the diffusion equation for several geometries. Detailed coverage of the radiative transfer equation and the diffusion equation. The theories and the formulae based on the diffusion equation that have been widely used for biomedical applications. The general concepts and the physical quantities necessary to describe light propagation through absorbing and scattering media. A description of the software provided on the CD-ROM, along with the accuracy of the presented solutions. Although the theoretical and computational tools provided with this book and CD-ROM have their primary use in the field of biomedical optics, there are many other applications in which they can be used, including agricultural products, forest products, food products, plastic materials, pharmaceutical products, and many others.
The Field Performance of Frontal Air Bags: A Review of the Literature (2005)

This article presents a broad review of the literature on frontal air bag field performance, starting with the initial government and industry projections of effectiveness and concluding with the most recent assessments of depowered systems. This review includes as many relevant metrics as practicable, interprets the findings, and provides references so the interested reader can further evaluate the limitations, confounders, and utility of each metric. The evaluations presented here range from the very specific (individual case studies) to the general (statistical analyses of large databases). The metrics used to evaluate air bag performance include fatality reduction or increase; serious, moderate, and minor injury reduction or increase; harm reduction or increase; and cost analyses, including insurance costs and the cost of life years saved for various air bag systems and design philosophies. The review begins with the benefits of air bags. Fatality and injury reductions attributable to the air bag are presented. Next, the negative consequences of air bag deployment are described. Injuries to adults and children and the current trends in air bag injury rates are discussed, as are the few documented instances of inadvertent deployments or non-deployment in severe crashes. In the third section, an attempt is made to quantify the influence of the many confounding factors that affect air bag performance. The negative and positive characteristics of air bags are then put into perspective within the context of societal costs and benefits. Finally, some special topics, including risk homeostasis and the performance of face bags, are discussed.
A combination of upstream and proximal elements is required for effecient expression of the mouse renin promoter in cultured cells (1992)

Renin, a key enzyme controlling blood pressure, is produced mainly in the kidney. To identify the transcriptional regulatory elements of the mouse Ren-1 c gene, the promoter regions were fused to the CAT reporter gene and transfected into embryonic kidney-derived 293 cells and four extrarenal cell lines, HeLa, HepG2, HT1080 and NIH3T3 cells. Transient transfection assay showed that sequences from – 365 to +16 of the renin gene could direct transcription of the CAT hybrid gene only in 293 cells. Deletion analysis identified two transcriptlonally active regions; the renin upstream–promoter element (RU–1 element; position –224 to –138) and the renin proximal–promoter element (RP–2 element; position –75 to –47). Although the RU–1 element functioned as an activator, depending on its orientation, it failed to trans-activate the renin promoter when the RP–2 element was deleted. By contrast, the proximal element alone exhibited a weak trans-activator property. Gel shift assay identified RU–1 element-binding factors in both 293 and HeLa cells, whereas 293 cell-dominant factors were shown to bind only to RP–2 element. Therefore, both RU–1 and RP–2 elements were found to be necessary for efficient CAT expression from the renin promoter in 293 cells, suggesting that activation of the Ren–1 c promoter requires combined action between cell type–dominant and ubiquitous nuclear factors.
Experimental assessment of the UWB channel variability in a dynamic indoor environment (2004)

International audience
A Comparative Performance of New Materials for Carbon Dioxide Removal in Absorption Process (2017)

Nowadays, the problems of climate change and global warming become more serious on environmental concern due to the higher amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Basically the main sources of carbon dioxide come from anthropogenic activities such as power generation, industries and so on. Currently, the effective technology to remove CO 2 from these sources is absorption especially chemical absorption. Also, the chemicals used are one of the key parameters for effective CO 2 removal. The widely used amine solutions are monoethanolamine (MEA) and diethanolamine (DEA). Nevertheless, they also have disadvantages such as low capacity, corrosion and high heat of regeneration thus making carbon capture technology more expensive. Therefore, many novel materials have been developed to improve the efficiency and compensate the disadvantages of some amines. Consequently, the objective of this work is to investigate the vapor-liquid equilibrium of CO 2 in novel materials of 2-(methylamino) ethanol or 2-MAE and 3-Amino-1-Propanol or 3-AP at the temperature from 40 °C to 80 °C and CO 2 partial pressures ranging from 5 to 100 kPa. The solubility results of CO 2 in novel materials are compared with those of aqueous solution of MEA and DEA. For cyclic capacity, the results present that novel materials provide higher performance than that of MEA with less cost. This means that novel materials can save more energy and cost for solution regeneration and making it more economically viable.
Characterization and in vitro Biocompatibility of Binary Mixtures of Chitosan and Polyurethanes Synthesized from Chemically Modified Castor Oil, as Materials for Medical Use (2018)

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of chitosan into polyurethane matrices synthesized from chemically modified castor (Ricinus communis) oil by transesterification with pentaerythritol. An additional aim of this study was to determine the degree of acceptance as a biomaterial (obtained from renewable sources), based on the analysis of its mechanical properties (stress/rupture strain), hydrophilic character (contact angle), morphology (SEM) and in vitro compatibility of polyurethanes when in contact with mouse fibroblast L929 cells. No significant changes in mechanical properties were observed with the addition of chitosan to polyurethanes synthesized from chemically modified castor oil. All polyurethane formulas showed morphological changes with increased chitosan concentration. As chitosan/polyurethane binary mixtures do not present a cytotoxicity risk for L929 mouse fibroblasts and possess similar mechanical properties to soft and cardiovascular tissues, their use as a biomedical material is suggested.
Noise modeling and SiGe profile design tradeoffs for RF applications [HBTs] (2000)

This paper investigates SiGe profile design tradeoffs for low-noise RF applications at a given technology generation (i.e., fixed minimum feature size and thermal cycle). An intuitive model relating structural parameters and biases to noise parameters is used to identify the noise limiting factors in a given technology. The noise performance can be improved by pushing more Ge into the base and creating a larger Ge gradient in the base. To maintain the SiGe film stability, the retrograding of the Ge into the collector has to be reduced, leading to a stronger f/sub T/-I/sub C/ roll-off at high injection. Two low-noise profiles were designed and fabricated explicitly for improving minimum noise figure (NF/sub min/) without sacrificing gain, linearity, frequency response, or the stability of the SiGe strained layer. A 0.2 dB NF/sub min/ was achieved at 2.0 GHz with an associated gain (G/sub assoc/) of 13 dB.
Autonomous Robot in an Adverse Environment: Intelligent Control by Voice (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
WNTRAC: AI Assisted Tracking of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions Implemented Worldwide for COVID-19 (2020)

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has transformed almost every facet of human society throughout the world. Against an emerging, highly transmissible disease with no definitive treatment or vaccine, governments worldwide have implemented non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) to slow the spread of the virus. Examples of such interventions include community actions (e.g. school closures, restrictions on mass gatherings), individual actions (e.g. mask wearing, self-quarantine), and environmental actions (e.g. public facility cleaning). We present the Worldwide Non-pharmaceutical Interventions Tracker for COVID-19 (WNTRAC), a comprehensive dataset consisting of over 6,000 NPIs implemented worldwide since the start of the pandemic. WNTRAC covers NPIs implemented across 261 countries and territories, and classifies NPI measures into a taxonomy of sixteen NPI types. NPI measures are automatically extracted daily from Wikipedia articles using natural language processing techniques and manually validated to ensure accuracy and veracity. We hope that the dataset is valuable for policymakers, public health leaders, and researchers in modeling and analysis efforts for controlling the spread of COVID-19.
JERARQUIZACIÓN DE COMPETENCIAS ESPECÍFICAS EN EL PROGRAMA DE FÍSICA DE LA ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE FÍSICA Y MATEMÁTICAS DEL IPN-MÉXICO UTILIZANDO LA MATRIZ DE MORGANOV-HEREDIA (2013)

Morganov-Heredia para obtener una jerarquización de las competencias específicas para el graduado en Física de la Licenciatura en Física y Matemáticas en la Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional en México.El estudio se enmarca en los esfuerzo de la institución para implantar el Modelo Educativo por Competencias en sus planes
Synthesis and Characterization of Radiopaque Iodine-containing Degradable PVA Hydrogels (2007)

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are highly attractive for biomedical applications, especially for controlled release of drugs and proteins. Recently, degradable PVA hydrogels have been described, having the advantage that the material disappears over time from the implantation site. Herein, we report the synthesis of radiopaque degradable PVA, which gives a further advantage that the position of the hydrogel can precisely be determined by X-ray fluoroscopy. Radiopacity has been introduced by replacing 0.5% of the pendent alcohol groups on the PVA with 4-iodobenzoylchloride. This level of substitution rendered the polymer adequately radiopaque. The subsequent modification of 0.8% of the pendent hydroxyl groups with an ester acrylate functional group allowed for cross-linking of the macromers. The radiopaque hydrogels degraded over a time span of 140 days. Rheology data suggested that the macromer solutions were appropriate for injection.