gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frequency-domain bandwidth extension for low-delay audio coding applications (2014)

MPEG-4 Spectral Band Replication (SBR) is a sophisticated high-frequency reconstruction (HFR) tool for speech and natural audio which when used in conjunction with an audio codec delivers a broadband high-quality signal at a bit rate of 48 kbps or even below. The major drawback of this technique is that it significantly increases the delay of the underlying core codec. The idea of synthetic signal reconstruction is of particular interest also in real-time communications. There, a HFR method can be employed to further loosen the channel capacity requirements. In this thesis a delay-optimized derivative of SBR is elaborated, which can be used together with a low-delay speech and audio coder like the Fraunhofer ULD. The presented approach is based on a short-time subband representation of an acoustic signal of natural or artificial origin, and as such it utilizes a filter bank for the extraction and the manipulation of sound characteristics. The system delay for a combination of the ULD coder with the proposed low-delay bandwidth extension (LD-BWE) tool adds up to 12 ms at a sampling rate of 48 kHz. At the present stage, LD-BWE generates a subjectively confirmed excellent-quality highband replica at a simulated mean data rate of 12.8 kbps.
Vers un système d'orchestration adaptatif et collaboratif des activités d'apprentissage en mobilité (2015)

International audience
Pathological mitochondria in neurons and perivascular astrocytic endfeet of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients (2019)

Our results provide evidence of mitochondrial pathology and signs of impaired cellular clearance in iNPH patients. The results indicate that iNPH is a neurodegenerative disease with close similarity to Alzheimer's disease.
Condition-Based Operational Optimization Of Industrial Combined Heat And Power Plants Under Time-Sensitive Electricity Prices (2017)

This paper presents an approach to the inclusion of the degradation of the equipment due to ramp-up and shut-down in the optimization of the response of chemical and power plants to the variation of the prices on the market for electric power. The state-of-the-art approach neglects the influence of the operating strategy on the degradation of the plant equipment and leads to aggressive responses to the price levels. The proposed Mixed Integer Linear Programming formulation maximizes the profit of a combined heat and power<br> plant taking into account the reduction of the lifetime of the equipment that results from the operating strategy. A case study demonstrates the benefit of the proposed approach.
Transcription in vitro of T3 DNA by Escherichia coli and T3 RNA Polymerases (1972)

RNA isolated from Escherichia coli infected by bacteriophage T3 was sedimented through sucrose gradients. The size distributions of the mRNA species coding for three T3‐specific enzymes, the S ‐adenosyl‐ l ‐methionine cleaving enzyme (adenosylmethioninase), phage RNA polymerase and lysozyme, were then investigated by using the fractionated RNA to program a cell‐free protein‐synthesizing system followed by enzymatic analysis of the translation products. Identical analyses of transcripts produced in vitro by E. coli and T3 RNA polymerases were performed and it was found that E. coli RNA polymerase, in conjuncton with termination factor (ϱ), was capable of synthesizing early mRNA species (mRNA for adenosylmethioninase and phage polymerase) apparently identical in size and coding capacity to those isolated from infected cells. Transcripts synthesized by the T3 RNA polymerase, while consisting predominantly of late RNA species, were found to contain functional mRNAs for adenosylmethioninase, phage RNA polymerase and lysozyme. The transcription patterns obtained are consistent with the assignment of one promotor for the region situated near the left terminus of the genome.
There are many apps for that (2017)

The adage "there's an app for that" holds true in modern app stores. Indeed, app stores usually go further and provide multiple apps with very similar functionality; examples range from flashlight apps to alarm clocks. We call these functionally-similar apps. When searching for these apps, users are often presented with a vast array of choices, but no distinction is made in the user interface to highlight the relative privacy risks inherent in choosing one app over another. Yet the availability of many functionally-similar apps raises the question of whether some apps are significantly less invasive than others. In this paper, we take several steps toward answering this question. We begin by enumerating 2 500 groups of functionally-similar apps in the Google Play Store. Within groups of apps, we use static analysis to understand the real-world risks coming from apps with aggressive permission usage. By leveraging an established ranking system, and combining it with real-world data from over 28 000 Android devices, we quantify the improvements that can be made if users installed apps with privacy in mind. We observe that at least 25.6% of apps contain libraries that gratuitously exploit available permissions and find that 43.5% of apps could be swapped for comparable alternatives that require fewer permissions. Permissions saved may deliver important privacy and security improvements, including preventing access to the calendar (in 24% of cases), sending text messages (12%) and recording audio (8%). This is particularly important for apps which embed third-party libraries, since library code executes with the same permissions as the app itself.
[A primary study on the relationship between the weight of newborn and sucking pressure] (1998)

OBJECTIVE:In this study, the main aim is to investigate the relationship between the weight of newborn and sucking pressure.the relationship between the weight of 26 cases health newborn and sucking pressure was analyzed with "oral air manometers computer analysis system".The result showed that the relationship of both corelated positively.It showed that sucking pressure is one of the indication which reflects the condition of growth and development of newborn.
Abstract 4835: Gonosome-linked expression of PPP2R3B in cutaneous melanoma correlates with distant metastasis free survival (2011)

Abstract Background: A strong adverse male effect for melanoma incidence and survival has been reported. No biological explanation, including hormonal differences, has been identified so far. We hypothesize that this gender difference in incidence and survival involves X-linked tumor suppressor genes and/or oncogenes whose expression is affected by X-chromosome alterations. Methods: DNA and RNA were extracted from 49 fresh frozen primary melanomas (32 females, 17 males, distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) &amp;lt;3 years or follow up &amp;gt;3 years) and subjected to array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Supervised and unsupervised cluster analyses were performed. X-inactivation was studied by Xist RNA in situ hybridization and androgen receptor methylation-sensitive PCR. The expression of a candidate X-linked gene was analyzed by quantitative PCR and correlated with DMFS in uni- and multivariate analyses. Results: Supervised cluster analyses revealed distinct DNA signatures associated with clinical and histopathological characteristics. Unsupervised clustering identified three groups of which one was composed of predominantly female patients (10/13) and associated with the worst DMFS. This group was characterized by loss of one X-chromosome in 7 of the 13 patients. Loss of X correlated with poor DMFS of female patients (logrank p=0.009). Intriguingly, the lost X chromosome was systematically the inactivated copy. Among the 17 males, Y-chromosome loss correlated with DMFS (logrank p=0.015). We found that the PPP2R3B gene, located within one of the pseudoautosomal regions and thus not inactivated on the inactive X in females, is lost from the Y in males. PPP2R3B encodes a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2 that may negatively control cell proliferation via targets such as CDC6 or RB. Quantitative analysis of PPP2R3B mRNA expression in an independent sample set of melanomas revealed a strong correlation between decreased levels of PPP2R3B expression and poor DMFS irrespective of gender in multivariate analysis (p=0.0007). Conclusion: Our analyses reveal a specific pattern of X and Y chromosome losses that are associated with melanoma progression. PPP2R3B is a potential gonosome-linked tumor suppressor gene, whose loss of expression correlates with poor DMFS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4835. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4835
Prostaglandin interactions with angiotensin, norepinephrine, and thromboxane in rat renal vasculature (1992)

The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of the vasodilator prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and I2 (PGI2) to interact with the vasoconstrictor action of angiotensin II (ANG II), norepinephrine (NE), and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) in the renal vasculature. In 12-wk-old anesthetized Munich-Wistar rats pretreated with indomethacin, renal blood flow (RBF) was measured during bolus injection of ANG II, NE, U-46619 (TxA2 agonist), PGE2, viprostol (PGE2 agonist), PGI2 or iloprost (PGI2 agonist) into the renal artery. Agents were injected separately and in a mixture of one constrictor with one dilator. ANG II, NE, and U-46619 induced large decreases in RBF, whereas PGs and their analogues produced slight, but significant, vasodilatation. To evaluate possible interactions in the vasomotor mechanisms between the dilators and the constrictors, curves of transient responses of separate injections were added (one constrictor plus one dilator) to create a predicted response of a mixture. NE exhibited additive effects with all PGs, as evidenced by the similarity of measured and predicted responses. In contrast, the TxA2 agonist interacted in a nonlinear fashion with all PGs; the measured maximum vasoconstriction was less than that predicted, and all kinetic parameters for the measured response were shorter than those predicted. The measured response to mixtures of ANG II and all PGs had a faster recovery than that predicted. We propose that the similarity between measured and predicted responses is due to independent actions of these agents via distinct mechanisms. In contrast, nonadditive responses suggest that the mechanisms mediating vasomotor effects of these agents interact in some cellular event.
Identification of a U5-specific sequence required for efficient polyadenylation within the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (1989)

Retrovirus mRNAs are normally polyadenylated within the proviral 3' long terminal repeat (LTR). The site of retrovirus transcript polyadenylation is flanked 3' by an LTR-specific sequence termed the U5 region, but the role of U5 in the determination of polyadenylation efficiency has not been addressed. We have used site-directed mutagenesis of a human immunodeficiency virus LTR to map U5 sequences which are required for efficient polyadenylation within the LTR. These LTR U5 region sequences display homology to a motif termed the G-T cluster, which is known to facilitate the efficient polyadenylation of mRNAs encoded by several cellular and viral genes. These results suggest that the LTR U5 region functions in vivo to permit efficient polyadenylation within the proviral 3' LTR.
Risk factors and prognostic impact of decreased breathing variability in mechanically ventilated patients. A prospective study (2015)

<b>Rational:</b> Mechanical ventilation decreases the natural variability of major descriptors of the breathing pattern such as tidal volume (VT), inspiratory time (Ti), respiratory rate (RR) and mean inspiratory flow (Vt/Ti). Few studies have investigated the risk factors and the impact of a decreased variability on the outcome. <b>Study aims:</b> to identify risk factors of decreased breathing variability,to describe the consequences of a decreased breathing variability on the outcome. <b>Methods:</b> Ancillary study of a randomized controlled trial comparing neurally ventilator adjusted assist to pressure support ventilation in 127 patients. VT, RR and Vt/Ti were computed from the flow signal recordings and their respective coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated. Subjects were classified as having high or low variability pattern according to a cut-off determined by the respective median of each CV. <b>Results:</b> Mean coefficient of variation for RR, VT, VT/Ti was respectively 0.22 ± 0.09, 0.21 ± 0.10 and 0.17 ± 0,12. Age was significantly lower in patients with a high CV for RR compared to those with a low CV (65±13 vs.70±11, p= 0.038). No other significant difference was observed in term of gender, severity score (SAPS II), dyspnea, comfort and mechanical ventilation duration before inclusion between patients with a high or low CV. No significant difference was found between patients with high and low variability in term of on D28 mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay. <b>Conclusion:</b> Among all factors, only age was associated with a decrease of breathing variability. Decrease of breathing variability was not associated with an alteration of the outcome.
Reflections on the History of Microbial Chemical Ecology (2010)

My thoughts on microbial chemical ecology continue to evolve. Moreover, in writing about this subject, I draw on several distantly related disciplines, including history, philosophy, evolution, microbiology, chemistry, and ecology. Yet, this broad reach reflects my attempt to explore “quorum sensing,” a concept that is anything but esoteric among microbiologists.
Lipoglycans Are Putative Ligands for the Human Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Attachment to Mycobacteria (2000)

The human pulmonary surfactant protein A (hSP-A) has been implicated in the early capture and phagocytosis of the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis by alveolar macrophages. In this report, we examined the interaction of alveolar proteinosis patient hSP-A with Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the vaccinating strain, as a model of pathogenic mycobacteria, and Mycobacterium smegmatis, a nonpathogenic strain. We found that hSP-A binds to the surface of M. bovis BCG, but also to a slightly lesser extent, to M. smegmatis, indicating that hSP-A does not discriminate between virulent and nonpathogenic strains. Among the various glycoconjugates isolated from the mycobacterial envelope, we found that the best ligands are the two major lipoglycans: the mannosylated lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) and the lipomannan. In contrast, the mannose-capped arabinomannan, structurally close to the ManLAM, as well as the LAMs from the non pathogenic M. smegmatis are poorly recognized by hSP-A. These results clearly show that the presence of both the terminal mannose residues and the phophatidyl-myo-inositol anchor are necessary to achieve the highest binding affinity. Selective removal of either the terminal mannose or the acyl residues esterifying the glycerol moiety of the ManLAM abrogates the interaction with hSP-A, further supporting the notion that the hSP-A recognition of the carbohydrate epitopes of the lipoglycans is dependent of the presence of the fatty acids.
Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells: Important contributors to tumor progression and metastasis (2017)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are traditionally considered among the major components of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). However, there is currently increasing evidence indicating that MDSCs in addition to suppression of immune surveillance is also involved in an array of non-immunological functions like augmenting metastatic potential of tumor cells. Indeed, MDSCs can promote metastasis in animal models and cancer patients through promoting premetastatic niche formation, tumor angiogenesis and invasion. Moreover, MDSC frequency and function have been associated with progressive disease and correlated with clinical outcome. This review will summarize and discusses the data demonstrating the role for MDSCs in tumor metastasis.
Controlled entanglement of two field modes in a cavity quantum electrodynamics experiment (2001)

Using a single circular Rydberg atom, we have prepared two modes of a superconducting cavity in a maximally entangled state. The two modes share a single photon. The entanglement is revealed by a second atom probing the correlations between the two modes after a delay. This experiment opens interesting perspectives for quantum information manipulation and fundamental tests of quantum theory.
Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (CBT-I) Providers: An Underutilized Resource (2013)

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is an effective treatment for chronic insomnia, but it remains underutilized. Lack of appropriately-trained CBT-I providers is a major reason. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) may, in addition to psychologists, be uniquely positioned to fill this role, based not only on their professional training but also given a handful of studies showing these individuals’ care outcomes meet or exceed standard outcomes. Questions as to how to attract NPs to the field, credential them, and incorporate them into established practices remain unanswered.
Synthetic Study of .ALPHA.-Pyrone Meroterpenoids, Pyripyropens. (1998)

The first total synthesis of the microbial a-pyrone meroterpenoid, (+) -pyripyropene A (1), acyl-CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, which is effective and concise convergent approach (14 steps, 9.3% overall yield), designed to afford easy access to both the natural products and a variety of analogs, has been achieved. The key step is the coupling reaction between a-pyronepyridine moiety (4) and the acid chloride of sesquiterpene moiety (3) in the presence of Lewis acid to construct ketone (2). The sesquiterpene moiety has been synthesized started from (+) -Wieland-Miescher ketons via stereoselective reductive formylation, palladium associated carbonylation, and allylic oxidation.(+) -Pyripyropene E (36) also has been synthesized from farnesyl acetate (9 steps, 9.6% overall yield). The convergent and stereoselective route exploited a biomimetic polyene cyclization as the key transformation.
Iron deficiency can upregulate expression of transferrin receptor at both the mRNA and protein level (2002)

Expression of the transferrin receptor (TfR) is controlled essentially by post-transcriptional regulation, which is mediated by the interaction between iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) and iron-responsive elements (IREs) located in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of TfR mRNA. We examined whether additional controls of expression might occur by investigating the regulation of TfR in the absence of its' IREs by cloning 3'-UTR truncated TfR cDNA (TfRDeltaIRE) into pcDNA3.1(+) and stably expressing it in CHO-TRVb (Chinese Hamster Ovary, TfR variant cells, clone b) cells which have no endogenous TfR. Both the surface and the total cell TfR protein levels increased significantly after treating the stably transfected cells with the iron chelator desferrioxamine (DFO) compared with the control cells. In contrast, expression of the transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2), which was also cloned in the same vector and stably expressed in the TRVb-CHO cells, was not regulated by iron chelation. In addition, TfR2 fused to the 3'-UTR of TfR (TfR2-IRE) was cloned into the same vector and stably expressed in the CHO-TRVb cells. A comparison showed that expression of full-length TfR and TfR2-IRE increased by fivefold and twofold, respectively, after addition of DFO. Further experiments showed that TRVb-CHO cells, which were stably transfected with TfRDeltaIRE and exposed to either normal medium or DFO, resulted in similar levels of TfR mRNA, but the TfR protein biosynthetic rate increased with iron chelation. In summary, expression of TfR in cells placed in an iron-deficient milieu can increase by a mechanism which is independent of the IREs of TfR.
Z-Plasty for Tanzer Type IIb Constricted Ears (2009)

This article describes the Z-plasty technique for Tanzer type IIb constricted ears. The technique was used in 6 patients to lengthen the upper pole of the ear with simultaneous unfurling of the cupping deformity. All patients also underwent creation of an antihelix with Mustarde sutures as well as a "mastoid hitch" (sutures between the upper pole of the ear and the mastoid fascia) to prevent recurrence. After a mean follow-up of 1.5 years, all patients were satisfied with no recurrence of the deformity. The advantages and disadvantages of the Z-plasty are discussed and compared with other techniques.
Can AMP induce sputum eosinophils, even in subjects with complete asthma remission? (2010)

Subjects with complete asthma remission, in contrast to subjects with current asthma, do not respond with eosinophilic inflammation in sputum after AMP provocations. These data lend support to the usefulness of the definition of complete asthma remission.
Vers une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes qui sous-tendent l'évolution phénotypique des souches naturelles de prions (2007)

National audience
Collaborative video indexing, annotation and discussion over high-bandwidth networks (2004)

A number of research groups and software companies have developed stand-alonendigital annotation tools for textual documents, web pages, images, audio and videonresources. Annotations are the subjective comments, notes, explanations or externalnremarks that can be attached to a document or a selected part of a document withoutnactually modifying the document. When a user retrieves a document, they can alsondownload the annotations attached to it from an annotation server, to view their peer'snopinions and perspectives on the particular document or to add, edit or update theirnown annotations. The ability to do this collaboratively and in real time during groupndiscussions is of great interest to the educational, medical, scientific, cultural, defencenand media communities. But it is extremely challenging technically and demandsnsignificant bandwidth, particularly for video documents. Using the GrangeNetnbroadband network, the goal of this Masters thesis was to develop such real-time,ncollaborative indexing, annotation and discussion tools for digital film and video byndistributed groups.n
DNA synthesis and multinucleation in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (1995)

The proliferative capacity of embryonic stem (ES) cell-derived cardiomyocytes was assessed. Enriched preparations of cardiomyocytes were isolated by microdissection of the cardiogenic regions of cultured embryoid bodies. The identity of the isolated cells was established by immunocytology, and mitotic activity was monitored by [3H]thymidine incorporation and pulse-chase experiments. ES-derived cardiomyocytes were mitotically active and predominantly mononucleated at 11 days after cardiogenic induction. By 21 days postinduction, cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis was markedly decreased, with a concomitant increase in the percentage of multinucleated cells. Interestingly, the duration of active cardiomyocyte reduplication in the ES system appeared to be roughly similar to that observed during normal murine cardiogenesis. Given these observations, as well as the genetic tractability of ES cells, ES-derived cardiogenesis might provide a useful in vitro system with which to assess the molecular regulation of the cardiomyocyte cell cycle.