gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Turbo-Coded Packet Transmission for an Optical (2000)

The performance of an optical code-division mul- tiple-access (CDMA) network with turbo coding is analyzed and simulated. An intensity-modulated and direct-detected optical system employing binary-pulse-position-modulation is consid- ered. The performance of the network is evaluated in terms of throughput-delay characteristics that depend on the turbo coded bit error rate (BER) performance. To eliminate delay capture effects, time-of-arrival randomization is employed. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of such an optical CDMA network can be substantially improved by increasing the interleaver length and the number of iterations in the decoding process for a fixed code rate. Also, it is confirmed that turbo coding is very effective in increasing the number of simultaneous users that can be supported by an optical CDMA network for a given BER requirement.
Comparison of Acute Recoil between Bioabsorbable Poly-L-lactic Acid XINSORB Stent and Metallic Stent in Porcine Model (2012)

The acute stent recoil of XINSORB is similar to that of EXCEL. No acute stent malapposition or collapse appeared in both kinds of stent. This preclinical study was designed to provide preliminary data for future studies of long-term efficacy and safety of XINSORB stent.
Robust excitons across the phase transition of two-dimensional hybrid perovskites (2022)

Two-dimensional halide perovskites are among intensely studied materials platforms profiting from solution based growth and chemical flexibility. They feature exceptionally strong interactions among electronic, optical as well as vibrational excitations and hold a great potential for future optoelectronic applications. A key feature for these materials is the occurrence of structural phase transitions that can impact their functional properties, including the electronic band gap and optical response dominated by excitons. However, to what extent the phase-transitions in two-dimensional perovskites alter the fundamental exciton properties remains barely explored so far. Here, we study the influence of the phase transition on both exciton binding energy and exciton diffusion, demonstrating their robust nature across the phase transition. These findings are unexpected in view of the associated substantial changes of the free carrier masses, strongly contrast broadly considered effective mass and drift-diffusion transport mechanisms, highlighting the unusual nature of excitons in two-dimensional perovskites.
Validation of the mortality in emergency department sepsis (MEDS) score in a Singaporean cohort (2019)

The emergency department (ED) serves as the first point of hospital contact for most septic patients. Early mortality risk stratification using a quick and accurate triage tool would have great value in guiding management. The mortality in emergency department sepsis (MEDS) score was developed to risk stratify patients presenting to the ED with suspected sepsis, and its performance in the literature has been promising. We report in this study the first utilization of the MEDS score in a Singaporean cohort.In this retrospective observational cohort study, adult patients presenting to the ED with suspected sepsis and fulfilling systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria were recruited. Primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality (IHM) and secondary outcome was 72-hour mortality. MEDS, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were compared for prediction of primary and secondary outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to compare predictive performance.Of the 249 patients included in the study, 46 patients (18.5%) met 30-day IHM. MEDS score achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-0.93), outperforming the APACHE II score (0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.85) and SOFA score (0.78, 95% CI 0.71-0.85). On secondary analysis, MEDS score was superior to both APACHE II and SOFA scores in predicting 72-hour mortality, with AUC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.95), 0.81 (95% CI 0.72-0.89), and 0.79 (95% CI 0.71-0.87), respectively. In predicting 30-day IHM, MEDS score ≥12, APACHE II score ≥23, and SOFA score ≥5 performed at sensitivities of 76.1%, 67.4%, and 76.1%, and specificities of 83.3%, 73.9%, and 65.0%, respectively.The MEDS score performed well in its ability for mortality risk stratification in a Singaporean ED cohort.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen 2 Is a Novel Serpin That Inhibits the Chymotrypsin-like Proteinases Cathepsin G and Mast Cell Chymase (1997)

The squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) serves as a serological marker for more advanced squamous cell tumors. Molecular cloning of the SCCA genomic region revealed the presence of two tandemly arrayed genes, SCCA1 and SCCA2. Analysis of the primary amino acid sequences shows that both genes are members of the high molecular weight serpin superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors. Although SCCA1 and SCCA2 are nearly identical in primary structure, the reactive site loop of each inhibitor suggests that they may differ in their specificity for target proteinases. SCCA1 has been shown to be effective against papain-like cysteine proteinases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether SCCA2 inhibited a different family of proteolytic enzymes. Using recombinant DNA techniques, we prepared a fusion protein of glutathione S-transferase and full-length SCCA2 . The recombinant SCCA2 was most effective against two chymotrypsin-like proteinases from inflammatory cells, but was ineffective against papain-like cysteine proteinases. Serpin-like inhibition was observed for both human neutrophil cathepsin G and human mast cell chymase. The second order rate constants for these associations were on the order of approximately 1 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 and approximately 3 x 10(4) M-1 s-1 for cathepsin G and mast cell chymase, respectively. Moreover, SCCA2 formed SDS-stable complexes with these proteinases at a stoichiometry of near 1:1. These data showed that SCCA2 is a novel inhibitor of two physiologically important chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases.
Keystroke Dynamics in Mobile Platform (2019)

Recently popularity in current digital devices with touch sense system such as smartphones, iPad, iPod, Nintendo DS, Automated Teller Machine (ATM), Windows 10 devices and etc. Smartphone is the one of main communication device in current global because it is portable with-it size and ease to carry. Other than that, it has numerous features combine into one device. User can do their transaction through online banking with their phone for online shopping, fund transfer, pay bills and view current balance using smartphone. A smartphone is become most important device in daily life so the smartphone security is an important issue. To secure the sensitive data for stored and accessed from, smartphone device has made user authentication become an importance major issue. Most of the smartphone devices using traditional way such as setting pin and password. Pin is using 4 random numerical number 1 to 9 while Password using 4 to 32 numerical number 1 to 9. A different security lock in smartphone is pattern lock while user can draw different pattern into the 9 dots to lock the phone. While for current security using biometric fingerprint security for unlock phone. It was dominant to analyze users' daily behaviors and evolve mobile phones into truly intelligent personal devices to secure users. While making the device truly intelligent should implement machine learning with biometric together and let the device learn and predict future. However, keystroke dynamics is the one of the behavior biometric that can implement with machine learning to create continuously authentication to track the owner of the devices.
Shorter Notices (1994)

Shorter Notices Get access D. A. LOW D. A. LOW Clare HallCambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CIX, Issue 431, April 1994, Pages 523-b–524, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CIX.431.523-b Published: 01 April 1994
CORRELATION BETWEEN IMPURITIES. DEFECTS AND CELL PERFORMANCE IN SEMICRYSTALLINE SILICON (1990)

An in-depth analysis of Solarex CDS semicrystalline silicon has been performed and correlations between the efficiency and impurities, and defects present in the material have been made. Comparisons were made between cell performance and variations in interstitial oxygen, substitutional carbon, grain size, etch pit density, and trap location as a function of position in the ingot. The oxygen concentration was found to decrease with increasing distance from the bottom of the ingot while the carbon concentration as well as average grain size was found to increase. The best cell performance was obtained on wafers with minimum oxygen and maximum carbon (top). No correlation was found between etch pit density and cell performance. DLTS and JVT measurements revealed that samples with higher oxygen content (bottom) gave lower cell performance due to a large number of distributed states, possibly due to extended defects like oxygen precipitates. Low oxygen samples (top) showed predominately discrete states, improved cell performance and a doping dependent average trap density.
Lung xenotransplantation: recent progress and current status (2014)

Xenotransplantation has undergone important progress in controlling initial hyperacute rejection in many preclinical models, with some cell, tissue, and organ xenografts advancing toward clinical trials. However, acute injury, driven primarily by innate immune and inflammatory responses, continues to limit results in lung xenograft models. The purpose of this article is to review the current status of lung xenotransplantation--including the seemingly unique challenges posed by this organ-and summarize proven and emerging means of overcoming acute lung xenograft injury.
Stock Market Prediction from News on the Web and a New Evaluation Approach in Trading (2016)

The market analysis is one of the important tasks for text mining. Many researchers have proposed methods using text information for analyzing the market. In this situation, news on the Web has an important role to predict stock prices. In this paper, we propose a method to predict the Nikkei Stock Average, which is one of the most important stock market indexes. We also focus on the evaluation of the prediction. In general, the results are evaluated by some criteria such as recall and precision rates. However, the most important point in the stock market prediction task is not always the accuracy of classifiers. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method with simulated trading on a real stock market. We compare some strategies for the trading, and then discuss relations between the accuracy of classifiers and profit-and-loss. For the purpose, we introduce a criterion computed from the property change graph in each demo-trading. We call it CPC (Criterion based on Property Changes). By using the criterion CPC, we can easily understand the effectiveness of one-day classifiers in terms of the real trading situation.
A Robust Adversarial Training Approach to Machine Reading Comprehension (2020)

Lacking robustness is a serious problem for Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) models. To alleviate this problem, one of the most promising ways is to augment the training dataset with sophisticated designed adversarial examples. Generally, those examples are created by rules according to the observed patterns of successful adversarial attacks. Since the types of adversarial examples are innumerable, it is not adequate to manually design and enrich training data to defend against all types of adversarial attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel robust adversarial training approach to improve the robustness of MRC models in a more generic way. Given an MRC model well-trained on the original dataset, our approach dynamically generates adversarial examples based on the parameters of current model and further trains the model by using the generated examples in an iterative schedule. When applied to the state-of-the-art MRC models, including QANET, BERT and ERNIE2.0, our approach obtains significant and comprehensive improvements on 5 adversarial datasets constructed in different ways, without sacrificing the performance on the original SQuAD development set. Moreover, when coupled with other data augmentation strategy, our approach further boosts the overall performance on adversarial datasets and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Polyhedral Aspects of Feedback Vertex Set and Pseudoforest Deletion Set (2023)

We consider the feedback vertex set problem in undirected graphs (FVS). The input to FVS is an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ with non-negative vertex costs. The goal is to find a minimum cost subset of vertices $S \subseteq V$ such that $G-S$ is acyclic. FVS is a well-known NP-hard problem and does not admit a $(2-ε)$-approximation for any fixed $ε&gt; 0$ assuming the Unique Games Conjecture. There are combinatorial $2$-approximation algorithms and also primal-dual based $2$-approximations. Despite the existence of these algorithms for several decades, there is no known polynomial-time solvable LP relaxation for FVS with a provable integrality gap of at most $2$. More recent work (Chekuri and Madan, SODA '16) developed a polynomial-sized LP relaxation for a more general problem, namely Subset FVS, and showed that its integrality gap is at most $13$ for Subset FVS, and hence also for FVS. Motivated by this gap in our knowledge, we undertake a polyhedral study of FVS and related problems. In this work, we formulate new integer linear programs (ILPs) for FVS whose LP-relaxation can be solved in polynomial time, and whose integrality gap is at most $2$. The new insights in this process also enable us to prove that the formulation in (Chekuri and Madan, SODA '16) has an integrality gap of at most $2$ for FVS. Our results for FVS are inspired by new formulations and polyhedral results for the closely-related pseudoforest deletion set problem (PFDS). Our formulations for PFDS are in turn inspired by a connection to the densest subgraph problem. We also conjecture an extreme point property for a LP-relaxation for FVS, and give evidence for the conjecture via a corresponding result for PFDS.
Fibers Supporting Orbital Angular Momentum States for Information Capacity Scaling (2012)

A novel mode-division-multiplexing scheme would be provided by fibers supporting stable orbital angular momentum states. We present a new class of air-core fibers that achieves this goal through enhancement of vector propagation effects.
Design, synthesis and characterization of a peptide able to bind proteins of the KCTD family: implications for KCTD—cullin 3 recognition (2011)

Pox virus Zinc/Bric-à-brac, Tramtrack and Broad (POZ/BTB) is a widespread domain detected in proteins involved in a variety of biological processes. Human genome analyses have unveiled the presence of POZ/BTB domain in a class of proteins (KCTD) whose role as important players in crucial biological processes is emerging. The development of new molecular entities able to interact with these proteins and to modulate their activity is a field of relevant interest. By using molecular modeling and literature mutagenesis analyses, we here designed and characterized a peptide that is able to interact with submicromolar affinities with two different members (KCTD11 and KCTD5) of this family. This finding suggests that the tetrameric KCTD11 and the pentameric KCTD5 are endowed with a similar cavity at the subunit-subunit interface deputed to the Cul3 binding, despite their different oligomeric states.
Clinical Scenarios in Acute Kidney Injury: Hepatorenal Syndrome (2016)

Renal failure commonly occurs in patients affected by cirrhosis, especially when there is ascites. It is typically secondary to intercurrent events that can further compromise blood flow in conditions of relatively decreased renal perfusion. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a particular and common type of kidney failure that affects patients with liver cirrhosis or, less frequently, with fulminant hepatic failure. The syndrome is characterized by splanchnic vasodilation and renal vasoconstriction. The classification of HRS identifies 2 categories of kidney failure, known as type 1 and type 2 HRS, that occur in patients with either cirrhosis or fulminant hepatic failure.
On ICA of improper and noncircular sources (2009)

We provide a review of independent component analysis (ICA) for complex-valued improper and noncircular random sources. An improper random signal is correlated with its complex conjugate, and a noncircular random signal has a rotationally variant probability distribution. We present methods for ICA using second-order statistics, and higher-order statistics. For ICA based on second-order statistics, we emphasize the key role played by the circularity coefficients, which are the canonical correlations between the source and the complex conjugate. For ICA based on higher-order statistics, we show how to extend algorithms for real-valued ICA to the complex domain using Wirtinger calculus.
Multiuser diversity in channels with limited scatterers (2008)

Multiuser diversity scheduling is studied in a single cell system with a limited scatterers channel. The scheduler implements the proportional fairness algorithm with infinite time constant, serving at each scheduling instant the user with the maximum short term fading coefficient. The limits of multiuser diversity gains due to the bounded support of the limited scatterers channel are explored by evaluating the average system capacity and the corresponding required transmitted energy per transmitted bit. The bounded support of the limited scatterers channel results in a capacity saturation as user population size grows even though the number of channel scatterers - the channel richness - is assumed to grow proportionally with the number of users.
Effector T-cells control lung inflammation during acute respiratory virus infection by producing interleukin-10 (43.7) (2009)

Abstract Activated antigen-specific T cells produce a variety of effector molecules for clearing infection, but also contribute significantly to inflammation and tissue injury. Here we report an anti-inflammatory property of anti-viral CD8+ and CD4+ effector T cells (Te) in the infected periphery during acute pulmonary virus infection. We find that, during acute influenza and other respiratory virus infection, IL-10 is produced in the infected lungs at high levels -- exclusively by infiltrating virus-specific Te, with CD8+ Te contributing a larger fraction of the IL-10 produced. These Te in the periphery simultaneously produce IL-10 and proinflammatory cytokines, and express lineage markers characteristic of conventional Th/c1 cells. Importantly, blocking the action of the Te-derived IL-10 results in enhanced pulmonary inflammation and injury associated with the viral infection. Our results demonstrate that anti-viral Te exert regulatory functions -- that is, fine-tune the extent of lung inflammation/injury associated with respiratory virus infection by the production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine.
Analysis of the auger recombination rate in P+N−n−N−NHgCdTe detectors for HOT applications (2016)

Infrared (IR) photon detectors must be cryogenically cooled to provide the highest possible performance, usually to temperatures at or below ~ 150K. Such low operating temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>op</sub>) impose very stringent requirements on cryogenic coolers. As such, there is a constant push in the industry to engineer new detector architectures that operate at higher temperatures, so called higher operating temperature (HOT) detectors. The ultimate goal for HOT detectors is room temperature operation. While this is not currently possibly for photon detectors, significant increases in <i>T</i><sub>op</sub> are nonetheless beneficial in terms of reduced size, weight, power and cost (SWAP-C). The most common HgCdTe IR detector architecture is the P<sup>+</sup><i>n</i> heterostructure photodiode (where a capital letter indicates a wide band gap relative to the active layer or “AL”). A variant of this architecture, the P<sup>+</sup><i>N−n−N−N</i> heterostructure photodiode, should have a near identical photo-response to the P+n heterostructure, but with significantly lower dark diffusion current. The P<sup>+</sup><i>N−n−N−N</i> heterostructure utilizes a very low doped AL, surrounded on both sides by wide-gap layers. The low doping in the AL, allows the AL to be fully depleted, which drastically reduces the Auger recombination rate in that layer. Minimizing the Auger recombination rate reduces the intrinsic dark diffusion current, thereby increasing Top. Note when we use the term “recombination rate” for photodiodes, we are actually referring to the net generation and recombination of minority carriers (and corresponding dark currents) by the Auger process. For these benefits to be realized, these devices must be intrinsically limited and well passivated. The focus of this proceeding is on studying the fundamental physics of the intrinsic dark currents in ideal P<sup>+</sup><i>N−n−N−N</i> heterostructures, namely Auger recombination. Due to the complexity of these devices, specifically the presence of multiple heterojunctions, numerical device modeling techniques must be utilized to predict and understand the device operation, as analytical models do not exist for heterojunction devices.
Total synthesis of westiellamide (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of westiellamidePeter Wipf and Chris P. MillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 27, 10975–10977Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00053a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00053a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views881Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Analysis of time-controlled electroless deposited gold films on TFBGs (2016)

Electroless deposition of gold was used to coat optical fibers with a TFBG inscribed, to analyze the performance of films with different thickness when measuring changes in the refractive index of an external medium.