gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography in the evaluation for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). (2011)

If left untreated, symptomatic, severe aortic stenosis (AS) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Open-heart surgical valve replacement is the treatment of choice and is associated with excellent short and long-term outcome. However, many older patients with multiple co-morbidities and anticipated increased surgical risk are excluded from surgical intervention. For these patients, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is emerging as a viable treatment alternative. Transcatheter valvular heart procedures are characterized by lack of exposure and visualization of the operative field, therefore relying on image guidance, both for patient selection and preparation and the implantation procedure itself. This article describes the role of multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) for detailed assessment of the aortic valve, aortic root, and iliac arteries in the context of TAVI.
Reduction of CO2 to Trimethoxyboroxine with BH3 in THF (2014)

Commercially available THF solutions of BH3·THF, which contain 0.5 mol % of NaBH4 as a stabilizing reagent for BH3·THF, react with 1 atm of CO2 at room temperature to form trimethoxyboroxine, (MeOBO)3, in 87% yield after 12 h. Since no reaction took place in the absence of NaBH4, NaBH4 was found to work as a promoter or catalyst for the reduction of CO2 with BH3 to the methoxy compound. A similar reaction using HCOONa in place of NaBH4 also gave (MeOBO)3 in comparable yield.
Isolation of an alveolar septum by laser-assisted microdissection and manipulation from a hemalaun stained frozen lung section (magnification 200×) (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Identification of proteins in laser-microdissected small cell numbers by SELDI-TOF and Tandem MS"BMC Biotechnology 2004;4():30-30.Published online 3 Dec 2004PMCID:PMC539305.Copyright © 2004 Kwapiszewska et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. A) Alveolar septum is selected for isolation. B) Laser photolysis is used to disconnect the cells from adjacent ones. C) Septum cells adhere tightly to the approximated sterile needle and can be transferred into a reaction tube.
Commit-LSN: a novel and simple method for reducing locking and latching in transaction processing systems (1990)

mnha/vr~lhm.com Abstract This paper presents a novel and simple method, called CommitYLSN, for determining if a piece of data is in the commltted state in a transaction pro-cessing system. This method is a much cheaper alter-native to the locking approach used by the prior art for this purpose. The method takes advantage of the concept of a log sequence number (LSN). In many systems. an LSN is recorded in each page of the data base to relate the state of the page to the log of update actions for that page. Our method uses information about the LSN of the first log record (call it Commit-LSN) of the oldest update transaction still executing in the system to infer that all the updates in pages with page_LSN less than Commit LSN have been committed. This reduces locking and latching. In addition. the method may also increase the level of concurrency that could be supported. The Commit LSN method makes it possible to use fine-granulazty locking without unduly penalizing transactions which read numerous records. It also benefits update transactions by reducing the cost of fine-granularity lock-ing when contention is not present for data on a page. We discuss in detail many applications of this method and illustrate its potential benefits for various environ-ments. In order to apply the Commit-LSN method, ex-tensions are also proposed for those systems in which (1) LSNs are not associated with pages (AS1400, ’ SQLIDS, System R), (2) LSNs are used only partially (IMS), and/or (3) not all objects ’ changes are logged (AS1400, SQL/DS. System R). 1.
Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Properties of Perovskite-type Oxides La<sub>1−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>A<i><sub>x</sub></i>MnO<sub>3</sub>(A = Na, K, Rb) in Concentrated Alkaline Solution (2000)

Oxygen reduction properties of gas diffusion-type oxygen electrodes loaded by 50 wt% with perovskite-type oxides, La1−xAxMnO3(A = Na, K, Rb, 0.0 ≦ x ≦ 0.2), were investigated in 8 mol dm−3 KOH aqueous solution at 60°C under air flow. Among these oxides, La0.8Rb0.2MnO3 gave the highest electrode performance, i.e., current density of 341 mA cm−2 at −150 mV vs. Hg/HgO. This oxide was found to be highly active for the direct 4-electron reduction of oxygen as revealed by a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) analysis. Electrode performances changed with a change in A or x over the oxides, and tended to be higher with the oxide which exhibited a smaller amount of oxygen desorption in temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments. On the basis of the iodometry and electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis, the 4-electron reduction was suggested to take place most favorably at the sites composed of a pair of Mn3+ and Mn4+ on the oxide surface. The electrode loaded with La0.8Rb0.2MnO3 was confirmed to be fairly stable over a continuous operation for 100 h under a galvanostatic condition of 300 mA cm−2. The same electrode allowed to construct a zinc-air battery with a maximum power density as large as 293 mW cm−2 at a cell voltage of 0.7 V.
Dissipative factors in the free-decay behaviour of an Oscillating Water Column (2018)

Experimental data on the free decay of water oscillating in a partially-submerged tube are presented, and are compared with simulations based on idealised ordinary differential equation models. The aim was to study the significance of the dissipative terms causing the free decay of the motion of the water column released from an elevated initial condition. It was found that the overall damping could be approximated with linear damping ratios between approximately 0.04 and 0.06, with standard deviations of the damping ratios generally 5-10%.
Plasma N-ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine levels are associated with the extent of vessel injury after coronary arterial stenting (2008)

This study supports the hypothesis that increased circulating levels of CML occurred in the presence of vascular injury. This persistent rise of CML could amplify an inflammatory phenomenon triggered by stent placement and thus contributes to coronary artery disease progression.
Development and evaluation of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) carrying chromosome segments derived from <i>Oryza rufipogon</i> in the genetic background of <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (2014)

The wild relatives of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are useful sources of alleles that have evolved to adapt in diverse environments around the world. Oryza rufipogon, the known progenitor of the cultivated rice, harbors genes that have been lost in cultivated varieties through domestication or evolution. This makes O. rufipogon an ideal source of value-added traits that can be utilized to improve the existing rice cultivars. To explore the potential of the rice progenitor as a genetic resource for improving O. sativa, 33 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) of O. rufipogon (W0106) in the background of the elite japonica cultivar Koshihikari were developed and evaluated for several agronomic traits. Over 90% of the entire genome was introgressed from the donor parent into the CSSLs. A total of 99 putative QTLs were detected, of which 15 were identified as major effective QTLs that have significantly large effects on the traits examined. Among the 15 major effective QTLs, a QTL on chromosome 10 showed a remarkable positive effect on the number of grains per panicle. Comparison of the putative QTLs identified in this study and previous studies indicated a wide genetic diversity between O. rufipogon accessions.
A systematic and practical approach to generating policies from service level objectives (2009)

In order to manage a service to meet the agreed upon SLA, it is important to design a service of the required capacity and to monitor the service thereafter for violations at runtime. This objective can be achieved by translating SLOs specified in the SLA into lower-level policies that can then be used for design and enforcement purposes. Such design and operational policies are often constraints on thresholds of lower level metrics. In this paper, we propose a systematic and practical approach that combines fine-grained performance modeling with regression analysis to translate service level objectives into design and operational policies for multi-tier applications. We demonstrate that our approach can handle both request-based and session-based workloads and deal with workload changes in terms of both request volume and transaction mix. We validate our approach using both the RUBiS e-commerce benchmark and a trace-driven simulation of a business-critical enterprise application. These results show the effectiveness of our approach.
A GaAs/AlGaAs double-heterojunction device functioning as a bipolar transistor and injection laser for optoelectronic integrated circuits (1987)

A GaAs/AlGaAs double-heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) is developed which also functions as a transverse-injection laser. The epitaxial layers for the DHBT's are grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Experimentation reveals a transistor current gain of ∼ 10 and a pulsed lasing threshold of 230 mA at room temperature.
Floem: a programming system for NIC-accelerated network applications (2018)

Developing server applications that offload computation to a NIC accelerator is complex and laborious. Developers have to explore the design space, which includes semantic changes for different offloading strategies, as well as variations on parallelization, program-to-resource mapping, and communication strategies for program components across devices.We therefore design FLOEM -- a language, compiler, and runtime -- for programming NIC-accelerated applications. FLOEM enables offload design exploration by providing programming abstractions to assign computation to hardware resources; control mapping of logical queues to physical queues; access fields of a packet and its metadata without manually marshaling a packet; use a NIC to memoize expensive computation; and interface with an external application. The compiler infers which data must be transferred between the CPU and NIC and generates a complete cache implementation, while the runtime transparently optimizes DMA throughput. We use FLOEM to explore NIC-offloading designs of real-world applications, including a key-value store and a distributed real-time data analytics system; improve their throughput by 1.3-3.6× and by 75-96%, respectively, over a CPU-only implementation.
Control System Principles and Design (1985)

Component Modeling Component Sizing for the Basic System Logic Controls System Performance Specifications Absolute Stability Criteria On-Off Control and Nonlinear System Analysis Proportional Control and Basic Feedback System-Design Procedures Integral Control Derivative Control Modes Combined and Approximate Control Modes Case Studies and Special Topics Digital and Computer Control Index.
Chemogenetic Manipulations of Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons Reveal Multifaceted Roles in Cocaine Abuse (2018)

Abstract Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons perform diverse functions in motivation and cognition, but their precise roles in addiction-related behaviors are still debated. Here, we targeted VTA DA neurons for bidirectional chemogenetic modulation during specific tests of cocaine reinforcement, demand, and relapse-related behaviors, querying the roles of DA neuron inhibitory and excitatory G-protein signaling in these processes. Designer receptor stimulation of Gq-, but not Gs-signaling in DA neurons enhanced cocaine seeking via functionally distinct projections to forebrain limbic regions. In contrast, engaging inhibitory Gi/o signaling in DA neurons blunted cocaine’s reinforcing and priming effects, reduced stress-potentiated reinstatement, and altered cue-induced cocaine seeking strategy, but not the motivational impact of cocaine cues per se. Results demonstrate that DA neurons play several distinct roles in cocaine seeking, depending on behavioral context, G-protein signaling, and DA neuron efferent target, highlighting their multifaceted roles in addiction. Significance Statement G-protein coupled receptors are crucial modulators of VTA dopamine neuron activity, but how metabotropic signaling impacts dopamine’s complex roles in reward and addiction is poorly understood. Here, we bidirectionally modulate dopamine neuron G-protein signaling with DREADDs during a variety of cocaine seeking behaviors, revealing nuanced, pathway-specific roles in cocaine reward, effortful seeking, and relapse-like behaviors. Gq- and Gs-stimulation activated dopamine neurons, but only Gq stimulation robustly enhanced cocaine seeking. Gi/o inhibitory signaling altered the response strategy employed during cued reinstatement, and reduced some, but not all types of cocaine seeking. Results show that VTA dopamine neurons modulate numerous distinct aspects of cocaine addiction- and relapse-related behaviors, and indicate potential new approaches for intervening in these processes to treat addiction.
Clinical Psychologist, 3 years’ experience, UK (2020)

This chapter focuses on the experience of a clinical psychologist when working with a 22-year-old woman who has epileptic seizures and psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES) following a severe traumatic brain injury as a child. Part of the challenge the Psychologist faced was to find out how the patient’s NES had been previously formulated, understood, and treated, and how these interventions had helped. The patient had previously attended sixteen individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) sessions, but there had been inconsistency between strategies used in sessions and strategies used in the patient’s school and family home. To some extent, it seemed that the patient’s family had been protecting her from the world, in case a NES were to occur. This, however, was contributing to the patient’s anxiety and sense that she would never be able to live the independent and “normal” life she wanted. In addition, the patient’s brain injury had a significant impact on her inhibitory control and emotional regulation, which contributed to the NES themselves. The Psychologist found Reuber and Brown’s Integrative Cognitive Model of NES extremely helpful when trying to make sense of the NES and design an intervention.
Optimum code rate in cellular systems using adaptive modulation (2003)

It is essential to find suitable modes (combinations of alphabet sizes and code rates) for transmission in cellular systems. Bad choices result in low spectrum efficiency. An analytical method is proposed to find the modes which give the highest spectrum efficiency when using adaptive modulation. It is demonstrated that data rates considerably higher than 271 and 384 kbps are feasible in GSM and EDGE systems by using adaptive modulation. It is further demonstrated that the spectrum efficiency can be improved more than 100% by using three modes in a GSM system.
Quasi-static scheduling for safe futures (2008)

Migrating sequential programs to effectively utilize next generation multicore architectures is a key challenge facing application developers and implementors. Languages like Java that support complex control- and dataflow abstractions confound classical automatic parallelization techniques. On the other hand, introducing multithreading and concurrency control explicitly into programs can impose a high conceptual burden on the programmer, and may entail a significant rewrite of the original program.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Solution for the 2‐Pyridyl Problem. (2012)

Abstract The cross‐coupling of air‐stable 2‐pyridyl MIDA boronates with a variety of aryl halides and triflates under conditions A) is highly efficient for the preparation of various functionalized pyridine derivatives bearing aryl substituents at position 2.
Hyperschematia after right brain damage: a meaningful entity? (2014)

In recent years we reported three right-brain-damaged patients, who exhibited a left-sided disprortionate expansion of drawings, both by copying and from memory, contralateral to the side of the hemispheric lesion (Neurology, 67: 1801, 2006, Neurocase 14: 369, 2008). We proposed the term "hyperschematia" for such an expansion, with reference to an interpretation in terms of a lateral leftward distortion of the representation of extra-personal space, with a leftward anisometric expansion (relaxation) of the spatial medium. The symptom-complex shown by right-brain-damaged patients with "hyperschematia" includes: (1) a disproportionate leftward expansion of drawings (with possible addition of details), by copy and from memory (also in clay modeling, in one patient); (2) an overestimation of left lateral extent, when a leftward movement is required, associated in some patients with a perceptual underestimation; (3) unawareness of the disorder; (4) no unilateral spatial neglect. In most right-brain-damaged patients, left "hyperschematia" involves extra-personal space. In one patient the deficit was confined to a body part (left half-face: personal "hyperschematia"). The neural underpinnings of the disorder include damage to the fronto-temporo-parietal cortices, and subcortical structures in the right cerebral hemisphere, in the vascular territory of the middle cerebral artery. Here, four novel additional patients are reported. Finally, "hypeschematia" is reconsidered, in its clinical components, the underlying pathological mechanisms, as well as its neural underpinnings.
Reaktionsmechanismen der Elektrochemie (1995)

Abstract Zu einem Forum der internationalen Ost‐West‐Begegnung sind die ursprünglich deutsch‐deutschen Workshops zur Elektrochemie geworden. Die Simulation und Visualisierung elektrochemischer Vorgänge sowie die Mechanismen organischer Redoxreaktionen waren Schwerpunkte der diesjährigen Tagung.
Multi-User Computation Offloading with D2D for Mobile Edge Computing (2018)

With the emergence of mobile edge computing (MEC), mobile users are able to process various tasks by offloading large-computation-demanding tasks to MEC server located at the edge of the network. As computation offloading requires communication between mobile users and the MEC server, an efficient computation offloading scheme which decreases both task executive delay and transmission energy consumption of mobile users plays a key role in MEC. Motivated by this, we study the computation offloading scheme in a novel MEC system where mobile users can offload tasks to the MEC server or a distributed computing node (DCN). As mobile users' offloading scheme affects the delay and energy consumption each other, we show that the offloading decision-making problem of users can be formulated as a sequential game. In particular, we demonstrate that the Nash equilibrium of the game exists which manifests that the system can converge to a stable status. A multi-user and multi-destination computation offloading scheme is also proposed to achieve the Nash equilibrium. Simulation results show that the proposed computation offloading scheme can significantly decrease the task execution delay as well as the energy consumption of mobile users.
Immunoassay method for the determination of immunoglobulin G using bacterial magnetic particles (1991)

We have developed a novel immunoassay method using bacterial magnetic particles for the determination of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated anti IgG-bacterial magnetic particles were prepared. The fluorescence quenching caused by agglutination of FITC-anti IgG antibody-bacterial magnetic particle conjugates was measured by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The aggregates based on specific immunoreaction were separated by a gelatin solution. The aggregation of bacterial magnetic particle conjugates was enhanced by application of a magnetic field. The relative fluorescence intensity correlated linearly with a concentration of IgG in the range 0.5-100 ng/mL.
Figure S1 from Normal Breast-Derived Epithelial Cells with Luminal and Intrinsic Subtype-Enriched Gene Expression Document Interindividual Differences in Their Differentiation Cascade (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Characterization of KTB cells before and after immortalization&lt;/p&gt;
Superconducting magnetic energy storage for electric utilities and fusion systems (1978)

Superconducting inductors provide a compact and efficient means of storing electrical energy without an intermediate conversion process. Energy storage inductors are under development for load leveling and transmission line stabilization in electric utility systems and for driving magnetic confinement and plasma heating coils in fusion energy systems. Fluctuating electric power demands force the electric utility industry to have more installed generating capacity than the average load requires. Energy storage can increase the utilization of base-load fossil and nuclear power plants for electric utilities. The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and the University of Wisconsin are developing superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems, which will store and deliver electrical energy for load leveling, peak shaving, and the stabilization of electric utility networks. In the fusion area, inductive energy transfer and storage is being developed. Both 1-ms fast-discharge theta-pinch systems and 1-to-2-s slow energy transfer tokamak systems have been demonstrated. The major components and the method of operation of a SMES unit are described, and potential applications of different size SMES systems in electric power grids are presented. Results are given of a reference design for a 10-GWh unit for load leveling, of a 30-MJ coil proposed for system stabilization, and of tests with a small-scale, 100-kJ magnetic energy storage system. The results of the fusion energy storage and transfer tests are presented. The common technology base for the various storage systems is discussed.
Highly phosphorescent perfect green emitting iridium(iii) complex for application in OLEDs (2007)

A novel iridium complex, [bis-(2-phenylpyridine)(2-carboxy-4-dimethylaminopyridine)iridium(iii)] (N984), was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic and electrochemical methods; a solution processable OLED device incorporating the N984 complex displays electroluminescence spectra with a narrow bandwidth of 70 nm at half of its intensity, with colour coordinates of x = 0.322; y = 0.529 that are very close to those suggested by the PAL standard for a green emitter.
Solubilization of Mesocarbon Microbeads by Potassium- or Dibutylzinc-Promoted Butylation and Structural Analysis of the Butylated Products (1997)

In order to obtain an insight into structural features of mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), we examined its butylation reaction promoted by potassium or dibutylzinc. Both reactions gave THF-soluble products in 86−95% yield. This is the first example for effective solubilization of these carbonaceous materials. The resulting products were analyzed by 13C NMR and gel permeation chromatography. The results of structural analyses indicate that MCMB molecules consist of highly condensed aromatic hydrocarbons (average ring size is calculated to be 15−16) with very minor amounts of alkyl substituents and oxygen-functional groups.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibition Improves Cardiorenal Function in Overpacing-Induced Heart Failure (2011)

In pacing-induced heart failure, DPP4 inhibition preserves the glomerular filtration rate, modulates stroke volume and heart rate, and potentiates the positive inotropic effect of exogenous BNP at no energy expense.