gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Burr Formation and Hole Quality when Drilling Titanium and Aluminium Alloys (2015)

Following a brief review of key factors affecting burr size and hole quality, the paper details experimental work involving the drilling of Ti-6Al-4 V titanium alloy together with Al7010-T7451 and Al2024-T351 aluminium alloys. Chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond coated carbide drills were used for the aluminium workpieces while uncoated carbide tools were employed for the titanium material. An experimental design based on response surface methodology was implemented to identify the effects of cutting speed and feed rate (each at 3 levels) on burr size, hole diameter and out of roundness as well as tool flank wear. Exit burr size was smallest when operating at the intermediate feed rate level for all three workpiece materials, with reductions in burr height of up to 50% and 75% for the titanium and aluminium alloys respectively. Out of roundness did not exceed 0.03 mm while the deviation on hole diameter was less than 0.04 mm in all trials, even after drilling 60 holes.
Efficient verification using generalized partial order analysis (1998)

This paper presents a new formal method for the efficient verification of concurrent systems that are modeled using a safe Petri net representation. Our method generalizes upon partial-order methods to explore concurrently enabled conflicting paths simultaneously. We show that our method can achieve an exponential reduction in algorithmic complexity without resorting to an implicit enumeration approach.
Splaying Log-Structured Merge-Trees (2018)

Modern persistent key-value stores typically use a log-structured merge-tree (LSM-tree) design, which allows for high write throughput. Our observation is that the LSM-tree, however, has suboptimal performance during read-intensive workload windows with non-uniform key access distributions. To address this shortcoming, we propose and analyze a simple decision scheme that can be added to any LSM-based key-value store and dramatically reduce the number of disk I/Os for these classes of workloads. The key insight is that copying a frequently accessed key to the top of an LSM-tree ("splaying'') allows cheaper reads on that key in the near future.
Grain-size analysis on sediment core PS2640-6 (1994)

Grain-size analyses were undertaken on sediments from PS2623, PS2631, PS2640, and PS2641 using a Malvern model 2000 laser system for the range 2000 to 0.5 µm. Add 5mL of hydrogen peroxide again and repeat the process. Keep repeating the process until the organic is gone (there is no reaction occurring). \nWhen organic is removed and the beakers are cooled a little add 8-10mL of magnesium chloride to each beaker.
Coupling strength in the theory of radiationless transitions: f → f and d → f relaxation of rare-earth ions in YAIO3 and Y3AI5O12 (1974)

The dependences of the radiationless relaxation rate constant on the effective mediating phonon energy, the equilibrium displacement of the adiabatic surfaces, the energy gap, and the temperature are numerically examined in terms of a generalized theoretical rate expression derived from quantum statistical theory. Special emphasis is placed on the effect of the coupling strength on the behavior of the relaxation rate process. The validity of the generalized rate expression is illustrated by its application to the fit of the temperature dependences of several f → f and d → f radiationless relaxation rates observed for Er3+, Eu3+, Ho3+, and Pr3+ in YAIO3 and Y3Al5O12.
NMR studies of the phosphotransfer domain of the histidine kinase CheA from Escherichia coli: assignments, secondary structure, general fold, and backbone dynamics (1995)

Multidimensional heteronuclear NMR techniques were applied to study the phosphotransfer domain, residues 1 - 134, of the histidine kinase CheA, from Escherichia coli, which contains the site of autophosphorylation, His48. Assignments of the backbone amide groups and side chain patons are nearly complete. Our studies show that this protein fragment consists of five a-helices (A-E)connected by turns. Analysis of NOE distance restraints provided by two-dimensional (2D) ^1H-^1H and three-dimensional (3D) ^(15)N-edited NOESY spectra using model building and structure calculations indicates that the five helices form an antiparallel helix bundle with near-neighbor connectivity. The amino-tenninal four helices are proposed to be arranged in a right-handed manner with helix E packing against helices C and D. From ideal hydrophobic helical packing and structure calculations, the site of autophosphorylation, His48, is nearly fully exposed to the solvent. We measured the NMR relaxation properties of the backbone ^(15)N nuclei using inverse detected two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The protein backbone dynamics studies show that CheA1-134 is formed into a tight and compact structure with very limited flexibilities both in&#13;\nhelices and turns. Structural implications of titration and phosphorylation experiments are briefly discussed.
Characterization and structure–activity relationship of novel umami peptides isolated from Thai fish sauce (2021)

Fish sauce has a prominent umami flavor. In this study, umami peptides were isolated, purified and identified from Thai fish sauce, and their structure-activity relationships were analyzed. Six novel umami peptides were characterized and verified by using sensory evaluation and a electronic tongue. Molecular docking with T1R1/T1R3 receptors showed that the interaction forces were mainly hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interaction and van der Waals force. In the constructed three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship model (3D-QSAR) model, the regression coefficient (R2) for the degree of dispersion between the predicted molecular and the experimental values of the six peptides was 0.976. The association between the structure and activity of umami peptides was revealed through 3D-QSAR. Results showed that the spatial effect was significant for long chain peptides.
Microfluidic synthesis of chemically and physically anisotropic hydrogel microfibers for guided cell growth and networking (2012)

Hydrogel materials with microscale heterogeneity are of great interest in the effort to spatially control cellular microenvironments in tissue engineering applications. Here we present a microfluidic system to continuously synthesize chemically and physically anisotropic Ca–alginate hydrogel microfibers enabling the guidance of cell proliferation to form linear cell colonies and intracellular networks. The microfluidic gelation process involves 2 critical steps to obtain alginate microfibers using axisymmetric microchannels with uniform depth: introduction of a buffer solution between the sodium alginate (NaA) and CaCl2 solutions to modulate the gelation speed, and use of a thickener to balance the viscosities of the solutions. We synthesized hydrogel fibers with diameters of ∼7 to 200 μm, maintaining the anisotropy in the cross-section, and examined factors affecting the fiber diameter and uniformity. Moreover, parallel alginate flows with and without propylene glycol alginate (PGA) enabled the formation of sandwich-type solid-soft-solid hydrogel fibers, which were used to guide the direction of growth of cells inoculated in the soft-core, with the help of outer polycation membranes made of poly-L-lysine. We demonstrated the formation of linear colonies of 3T3 and HeLa cells inside the anisotropic fiber and observed elongated nuclei along the fiber direction. In addition, the heterogeneous morphology of the fiber was utilized to guide neurite elongation and generate cellular networks by using neuron-like PC12 cells. The hydrogel fibers reported here can be used as an innovative tool for investigating cell and tissue morphogenesis in heterogeneous microenvironments, and for creating tissue models with precise control of cellular alignment and elongation.
Electrical resistivity of Gd and La monochalcogenides (1975)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. Hauger, E. Kaldis, G. von Schulthess, P. Wachter, C. Zürcher; Electrical resistivity of Gd and La monochalcogenides. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 April 1975; 24 (1): 46. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.29960 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Neural network of calibrated coarse model and application to substrate integrated waveguide filter design (2020)

In this article, we propose a novel neural network of calibrated coarse model, which can obtain the optimal filter response with as little training data as possible to synthesize the entire substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter. By incorporating the knowledge of filter decomposition with the inverse neural network, we build a coarse model that can synthesize the dimensions of a SIW filter. However, the SIW structures are subject to a potential leakage problem due to the periodic gaps, the results of the coarse model are very different from the ideal response. We propose a novel calibrated neural network from the perspective of the coupling matrix to correct the errors generated in the coarse model. In addition, this article also proposes an equivalent de-embedding technique, which is simpler than the thru-reflect-line calibration technique to accurately extract the scattering parameters of the SIW discontinuities. An H-plane fifth order SIW filter is synthesized by the proposed model. The result shows that the SIW filter that is very close to the ideal response can be synthesized with only a few hundred training data.
Potential Approaches for Drug Delivery to the Brain: Past, Present, and Future (2010)

The objective of this article is to provide the reader with an update on some research highlights from the past to the present, as well as future possibilities to achieve improved delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the past, dye studies confirmed the presence of the BBB and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, which seem to play a major role in transporting drug molecules for the treatment of life-threatening diseases such as brain cancer and Alzheimer's. Presently, transportation mechanisms such as simple diffusion, carrier-mediated, absorptive-mediated, and receptor-mediated transcytosis are extensively used for BBB uptake of drug molecules. The spectrum of future neuropharmaceuticals falling into these categories ranges from peptides to nucleotide-based drugs as well as gene and stem cell delivery agents, and is increasing at a rapid rate with promising results. There has also been considerable progress in the development of quantitative methods to examine BBB permeability in humans and animals. Currently, intravenous administration and in situ brain perfusion techniques are the most versatile and sensitive methods to measure transport into the brain. This article also reviews the various methodologies available for assessing the transfer of drug molecules undergoing significant uptake through the BBB in vivo.
Pedagogical Agent Signaling of Multiple Visual Engineering Representations: The Case of the Young Female Agent (2013)

Abstract Background Prior studies have shown that visual signaling improves learning from text or narration in conjunction with one depictive visual representation; however, engineering instruction typically employs multiple descriptive and depictive visual representations. Animated pedagogical agents (APAs) positively influence student attitudes about engineering. Whether APA signaling improves engineering learning and which APA characteristics are most conducive to learning is largely unknown. Purpose We examined the effects of visual signaling in engineering learning materials with multiple descriptive and depictive visual representations. We compared visual signaling by a young female APA with arrow signaling. Design/Method In the APA signaling condition, at appropriate points within a narration about electric circuits, the relevant areas in a circuit diagram, a sequence of equation calculations, and a Cartesian graph were signaled using APA gestures. In the arrow signaling condition, the same relevant areas were signaled using a dynamic arrow; the no‐signaling (control) condition had no visual signaling. Student learning and perceptions were measured with a problem‐solving posttest and a survey. Results Results indicated an aptitude‐treatment interaction. Low prior knowledge learners had higher learning gains in the APA signaling condition, compared with the no signaling condition; high prior knowledge learners did not benefit from visual signaling. Conclusions Precollege students with low prior knowledge benefit from the signaling by a young female APA in instruction with multiple visual representations; high prior knowledge learners do not benefit from such support.
Structural, Physiological and Regulatory Analysis of Maltose Transporter Genes in Saccharomyces eubayanus CBS 12357T (2018)

<i>Saccharomyces pastorianus</i> lager brewing yeasts are domesticated hybrids of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and cold-tolerant <i>Saccharomyces eubayanus</i>. To understand the contribution of both parental genomes to maltose metabolism in brewing wort, this study focuses on maltose transport in the <i>S. eubayanus</i> type strain CBS 12357<sup>T</sup>/FM1318. To obtain complete sequences of the <i>MAL</i> loci of this strain, a near-complete genome assembly was generated using the Oxford Nanopore Technology MinION sequencing platform. Except for CHRXII, all sixteen chromosomes were assembled as single contigs. Four loci harboring putative maltose transporter genes (<i>SeMALT1-4</i>), located in subtelomeric regions of CHRII, CHRV, CHRXIII, and CHRXVI, were completely resolved. The near-identical loci on CHRV and CHRXVI strongly resembled canonical <i>S. cerevisiae MAL</i> loci, while those on CHRII and CHRXIII showed different structures suggestive of gene loss. Overexpression of <i>SeMALT1-4</i> in a maltose-transport-deficient <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strain restored growth on maltose, but not on maltotriose, indicating maltose-specific transport functionality of all four transporters. Simultaneous CRISPR-Cas9-assisted deletion of only <i>SeMALT2</i> and <i>SeMALT4</i>, which shared 99.7% sequence identity, eliminated growth of <i>S. eubayanus</i> CBS 12357<sup>T</sup> on maltose. Transcriptome analysis of <i>S. eubayanus</i> CBS 12357<sup>T</sup> established that <i>SeMALT1</i> and <i>SeMALT3</i>, are poorly expressed in maltose-grown cultures, while <i>SeMALT2</i> and <i>SeMALT4</i> were expressed at much higher levels than <i>SeMALT1</i> and <i>SeMALT3</i>, indicating that only <i>SeMALT2/4</i> are responsible for maltose consumption in CBS 12357<sup>T</sup>. These results represent a first genomic and physiological characterization of maltose transport in <i>S. eubayanus</i> CBS 12357<sup>T</sup> and provides a valuable resource for further industrial exploitation of this yeast.
Beyond the Icosahedron: A Density Functional Theory Study of 14‐Atom Germanium Clusters (2008)

Abstract Density functional theory (DFT) at the hybrid B3LYP level has been applied to the germanium clusters Ge 14 z ( z = –8, –6, –4, –2, 0, +2, +4) starting from seven different initial configurations. An O h omnicapped cube structure is the most stable for Ge 14 2– followed by a hexagonal antiprism structure with a relative energy of 42.7 kcal/mol. The lowest‐energy structure for neutral Ge 14 is a triplet omnicapped cube with full O h symmetry followed by a singlet omnicapped cube compressed to D 4 h symmetry through Jahn–Teller distortion. The lowest energy Ge 14 2+ structure is also an O h structure derived from the omnicapped cube through elongation of the 12 edges of the underlying cube to give a rhomboidal dodecahedron with 12 rhombus faces. The lowest‐energy Ge 12 4+ structure is a bicapped icosahedron. Some D 6 h hexagonal wheel structures at higher energies are also found for the hypoelectronic systems Ge 14 , Ge 14 2+ , and Ge 14 4+ . The lowest‐energy structures for the hyperelectronic Ge 14 4– , Ge 14 6– , and Ge 14 8– are relatively unsymmetrical not readily recognizable open structures typically with some pentagonal or hexagonal faces. The D 6 d bicapped hexagonal antiprism found in 14‐vertex C 2 B 12 carborane and M 2 C 2 B 10 dimetallacarborane structures is not the lowest‐energy structure for any of the Ge 14 z clusters.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Increased Immunologic Reactivity between Human Glomerular Basement Membrane and Group A Type 12 Streptococcal Cell Membrane after Carbohydrase Treatment (1975)

Anti-streptococcal cell membrane and anti-human glomerular antisera were evaluated on normal human kidney sections by an indirect immunofluorescent test both before and after absorptions with homologous and heterologous membrane preparations. The observed cross-reactions were potentiated by removal of carbohydrate units from both membrane-types by carbohydrase, a mixture of carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes.
Neurologic Dysfunction in the Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (1985)

Three specific patterns of neurologic deficit were seen in a group of 52 patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Central nervous system dysfunction was seen in 7 patients (15%), 4 of whom had a distinctive encephalopathy characterized by behavioral disturbances and upper motor neuron signs. Peripheral neuropathy was found in 27 patients (52%), with a sensory polyneuropathy the commonest form (in 23 patients), although mononeuritis multiplex and radiculopathy were also seen. Central nervous system abnormalities from embolic disorders were seen in 6 patients (12%). Thus, a total of 65% of these patients had some neurologic dysfunction. Although the spectrum of neurologic disease is broad and includes very different manifestations, we conclude that distinct patterns of neurologic involvement are characteristic of this syndrome.
MECHANISM OF BRITTLENESS IN HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE BASED ON NONLINEAR FRACTURE MECHANICS (1990)

The mechanism of brittleness in high strength concrete (HSC) has been studied using tension softening evaluation. The formulation of a discrete equation to simulate a mode-I crack propagation with tension softening is described. Concrete with three different compressive strength (F_c) of 32.2, 60.3 and 96.4 Mpa, and with the same aggregate was tested by three point bend test on notched beams. The parameters of bilinear tension softening model were estimated by optimizing the load-deflection curve of the HSC. Fracture energy (G_f) did not monotonously increase with in-creasing F_c: however, the G_f value of the strongest one decreased. Tensile strength and final crack opening displacement estimated showed respectively monotonous increase and monotonous decrease with an increase in F_c. The estimation data indicates that strengthening mortar matrix reduces crack progress between matrix and particles and effects crack penetrating through particles. It is concluded that mechanism of brittleness in HSC is attributed to a reduction in bridging at interface, furthermore, tension softening has an advantage to evaluate relative variation in internal structure of concrete.
Topology optimization for multi-material structures based on the level set method (2017)

Topology optimization is the most flexible type of structural optimization method. This method has been applied in a variety of physics problems dealing with a multitude of design problems. In a given design problem, however, the optimization problem often has conflicting evaluative functions, such as the need for high rigidity in combination with minimal weight. The difficulty of simultaneously achieving high performance for two or more functions may be further compounded because current topology optimization methods typically only deal with a single material. On the other hand, when multiple kinds of materials having various properties can be selected for use, the range of a designer's choices is increased and an appropriate solution that greatly improves product functions may be achieved. Thus, this paper presents a new topology optimization method for multi-materials that obtains high-performance configurations. We apply the Multi-Material Level Set (MM-LS) topology description model in the topology optimization method, which uses a total of n level set functions to represent n materials, plus the void phase. The advantage of the MM-LS model is that clear optimal configurations are obtained and the design sensitivity for multi-material structures can be easily calculated. The level set functions that are design variables are updated using the topological derivatives, which also function as design sensitivities, and we derive the topological derivatives for multiple materials. Through several numerical examples, we demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
R-loops, type I topoisomerases and cancer (2023)

R-loops are abundant and dynamic structures ubiquitously present in human cells both in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. They form in <i>cis</i> in the wake of transcription complexes and in <i>trans</i> apart from transcription complexes. In this review, we focus on the relationship between R-loops and topoisomerases, and cancer genomics and therapies. We summarize the topological parameters associated with the formation and resolution of R-loops, which absorb and release high levels of genomic negative supercoiling (Sc-). We review the deleterious consequences of excessive R-loops and rationalize how human type IA (TOP3B) and type IB (TOP1) topoisomerases regulate and resolve R-loops in coordination with helicase and RNase H enzymes. We also review the drugs (topoisomerase inhibitors, splicing inhibitors, G4 stabilizing ligands) and cancer predisposing genes (BRCA1/2, transcription, and splicing genes) known to induce R-loops, and whether stabilizing R-loops and thereby inducing genomic damage can be viewed as a strategy for cancer treatment.
An FMCW Radar for Accurate Level Measurements (1979)

The system is intended for tank level measurements and is based on a single linear sweep. By the use of a coaxial cable as a reference and a special calculating process a good accuracy and noise immunity is obtained. The accuracy is typical 0,05 % or 5 mm over a 0-60 m range. One problem with the application is the discrimination of false echoes which is done by a narrow antenna beam, an amplitude threshold and a filter. The calculation and the filtering is insensitive to unlinearities.
Capacitance Minimization in Offline LED Drivers Using an Active-Ripple-Compensation Technique (2016)

This study proposes a novel approach for low-frequency output current ripple minimization in offline light-emitting diode (LED) drivers. This strategy is based on the large-signal modulation of the LED converter duty-cycle so that the output ripple can be reduced and, consequently, the required filtering capacitances of the converter can be somehow decreased. This technique is devised to be used on converters in which a single control loop is employed, such as offline integrated converters, where a single control loop is responsible to control the output current while maintaining the high power factor at the input (mains). The duty-cycle modulation is used to change the shape of the main waveforms of the converter, especially input and output currents. This allows for a reduction of the output current peak-to-peak ripple while the harmonic content of the input current is increased but kept within the limits imposed by the IEC standard. An application example for an integrated two-stage converter based on the cascade connection of two buck-boost converters is shown. Experimental results from a 70-W laboratory prototype supplied from a 115-V grid were carried out and compared with conventional approaches in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed technique.