gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An empirical analysis of the effect of the earned income tax credit on work effort (2004)

The purpose of this study is to further the examination of the effectiveness of the earned income tax credit (EITC) in meeting one of Congress' major objectives for the credit: increasing work incentives. Economic theory predicts a potential work incentive in the phase-in range of the credit and a potential work disincentive in the phase-out range. This study utilizes empirical analysis of individual tax return data to evaluate EITC participants' and comparable non-participants' wage income cross-sectionally and over time for indications of statistically significant changes. Observations are grouped into income classifications based on the income ranges of the credit: phase-in, plateau, and phase-out.The wages for EITC participants, as well as for non-participants, increased significantly over selected time windows during the 1979 to 1990 time period. Wage growth for both participants and non-participants was greater in the phase-in range than in the phase-out range. The potential existence of significant differences in income growth between participants andnon-participants is only indicated for the time period of the mid-1980s, before the major increase in the credit post-1986. Contrary to theory, the current study estimates a potential disincentive in the mid-1980s in the phase-in range, as well as the phase-out range. However, after the post-1986 increase in the credit, the differences between the participants and non-participants are no longer statistically significant and a potential disincentive cannot be inferred.
Evaluating Voice Speech Quality in 802.11b Networks with VPN/IPSec (2006)

In this paper we present an experimental analysis of voice traffic over 802.11b networks when protected by IPSecurity mechanisms. The main concern is to measure the impact on speech quality due these mechanisms by means of our corrected ITU-T E-Model implementation, showing how the associated security overhead decreases speech quality and channel capacity.
Endo-buccal mucosal punch biopsy and cervico-facial benign subcutaneous emphysema (2020)

Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare feature caused by traumatism (weapons, accidents: crashes, barotrauma, …), dental care and infections. A 48-year-old woman consults for a right oral mucosa lesion and benefits from a biopsy for anatomopathological diagnosis. Within hours of the biopsy, bilateral jugal then cervical swelling has occured without signs of severity. The examination at 48 hours and the CT scan showed a bilateral cervicofacial emphysema with a spontaneous favorable resolution in a few days making the diagnosis of benign subcutaneous emphysema (BSCE). BSE can occurs after an endobuccal biopsy, a close follow up is necessary to rule out gas gangrene.The resolution is spontaneous with the necessity to reassure the patient.
Silica Sol-Gel Glasses with Embedded Organic Liquids (1999)

Silica powders and films with embedded organic liquids (OLs) that are storage stable can be prepared with high OL concentrations when modern sol-gel techniques are used. The preparation and thermal release behavior of silica sol-gel glasses with different embedded organic liquids are described and the results discussed with particular regard to potential applications. The encapsulation of OLs by the sol-gel technique offers many advantages for controlled-release systems in the food and cosmetics industries compared to the polymeric systems in use today.
Group anonymous D2D communication with end-to-end security in LTE-A (2015)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication in LTE-A standardized as proximity services (ProSe) has satisfied only basic security requirements, such as mutual authentication and key exchange by the security architecture. However, the applications of ProSe and Public Safety additionally require end-to-end security and anonymous protection (i.e., group anonymity). Therefore, this work presents two authenticated key exchange protocols for end-to-end security and group anonymous protection in network-covered and network-absent D2D communications, respectively. With group anonymous protection, users of ProSe-enabled mobile devices can conceal their identity and group information during D2D communications. The anonymous protection also supports revocability and traceability to revoke mobile users and disclose the identity and group information of suspicious D2D communications in ProSe. In terms of security, two proposed schemes are proven by formal analyses. In terms of performance, we implement the group anonymous authentication protocol on android devices to evaluate the feasibility. In addition, we simulate the proposed protocols for network-covered and network-absent D2D communication to estimate authentication success rate.
Model of a Monopulse Radar Tracking System for Student Laboratory (2007)

Development, construction and testing of a student laboratory model of the radar system that can be used for monopulse tracking is described. The laboratory model is simple and can be assembled from the existing equipment while the missing parts can be manufactured in a basically equipped RF electronics workshop. The laboratory model is used for student laboratory exercises as a part of a basic course on radar systems. The system is based on a ÃŽÂ£-ÃŽÂ” hybrid for processing signals obtained from two antennas. The composition of the model is described. Student exercises and measurements on the model are proposed. Alternative instruments which can be used in the model are considered. Possible improvements of the model are discussed.
Immunohistochemical Staining of Slit2 in Primary and Metastatic Prostatic Adenocarcinoma (2011)

To our knowledge, this represents the first study comparing the immunohistochemical profiles of Slit2 in PCa and Mets to specimens of HGPIN, BPH, NDP, and NAC. These findings suggest that Slit2 expression can be increased in HGPIN, PCa, and Mets, making it a potentially important biomarker for prostate cancer.
Endoscopic Endonasal versus Microscopic Transsphenoidal and Open Transcranial Approaches for Giant Pituitary Adenomas (2012)

Objective: Giant (≥4 cm) pituitary macroadenomas often require surgery to decompress the optic nerves. Compared with traditional open or transsphenoidal microscopic methods, the extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach offers the potential for aggressive resection via a minimal access corridor. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to further our understanding of the role of endoscopy in the management of these challenging lesions.
The sensory epithelium and its innervation in the mole rat cochlea (1991)

The mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi) burrows throughout its life in subterranean tunnels. Several structural and functional features which adapt the mole rat to its habitat have been discerned. The goal of this study was to elucidate the structural basis for adaptation of the auditory end-organ to an environment where low-frequency acoustical signals prevail. For this purpose, cochleae of adult mole rats were studied with light and electron microscopy. Inner hair cells throughout the cochlea, and outer hair cells in the basal (high-frequency) portion of the cochlea, were similar in structure to those seen in other mammals. In contrast, outer hair cells in the apical (low-frequency) portion displayed unique structural features. These features resembled the structure of inner hair cells or immature outer hair cells. The innervation of outer hair cells was most uncommon, in that classical medial efferent innervation was not found throughout the cochlear spiral.
Characteristics of AU-rich elements and involvement of the poly-(A) tail in stress-induced mRNA stabilization (2005)

[no abstract]
Preoperative Radiosurgery for Soft Tissue Sarcoma (2015)

This is the initial experience of radiosurgery for preoperative treatment of STSs. We have found this to be well tolerated, convenient for the patients, and a much shorter treatment course, allowing patients to undergo surgery and subsequent chemotherapy quicker. Surgical complications and control rates are satisfactory. The initial results are encouraging for further investigation.
Kinodynamic Motion Planning (2010)

This article extends the capabilities of the harmonic potential field (HPF) approach to planning to cover both the kinematic and dynamic aspects of a robot's motion. The suggested approach converts the gradient guidance field from a harmonic potential to a control signal by augmenting it with a novel type of damping forces called nonlinear, anisotropic, damping forces (NADF). The HPF (harmonic potential field) approach to planning is emerging as a powerful paradigm for the guidance of autonomous agents.
Role of water micro-explosion on fuel droplet size distribution, engine performance, and emissions in a water-diesel emulsified engine: A comprehensive numerical investigation (2022)

The global warming crisis and strict regulations have pushed the automotive industry into technological change, but it will take time, so finding quick solutions can be very helpful. Using water in diesel emulsion is one of the low-cost and fast solutions to reduce pollution and improve the performance of diesel engines. In this study, the effects of adding water to diesel fuel and the phenomena that occur when water enters the combustion chamber are investigated. For this purpose, a simulation of a four-cylinder diesel engine has been used with different content of water in diesel (0% or pure diesel, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The simulations are performed in Converge CFD using dynamic mesh and adaptive mesh refinement. The results showed that the use of water in diesel leads to an improvement of about 10% in engine indicated power and a simultaneous reduction in soot and NOx by 10 and 30%, respectively. The simulation results showed that water droplet micro-explosions accelerated the fuel droplet breakup process and reduced the combustion duration by 10%–30%.
Structure And Composition Dependence Of The Anisotropy Of The Wet Chemical Etching Of Germanium-Selenium Films (1985)

A model for image formation in the Ag2Se/GexSe1-x resist systems had been proposed by Tai et al.1 The first step of the process consists of forming a thin latent image of photodoped Ag in the top layer of the GexSe<sub>l-x</sub> film. This Ag doped layer then serves as a mask for the anisotropic wet chemical etching of the undoped GexSe<sub>l-x</sub> structure with a bicomponent etchant. Anisotropic chemical etching results from an unusual, interlocked, phase-separated columnar structure of the GexSe<sub>l-x</sub> film. The formation of such phase-separated columnar structures depends on the composition of the Germanium-Selenium film. We examine here the dependence of film microstructure on film composition and describe the relationship bewtween etching characteristics and the concentration ratios of a bicomponent developer.
Physical Layer Authentication Watermarks through Synthetic Channel Emulation (2010)

We present an authentication device allowing for the validation of wireless transmissions by means of a watermark signal applied at the physical layer, and demonstrate how the method may be applied to digital broadcast television signals. The novel watermarking approach presented conveys the authentication signal through explicit emulation of innocuous channel responses, further preventing Primary User Emulation attacks in Dynamic Spectrum Access theaters. The undesirable effects of the watermark signal design are removed by the receiver by traditional channel equalization practices, resulting in nearly zero impact to the bit error rate (BER) of the primary signal received. The proposed mechanism may be implemented without modification to existing Digital Television (DTV) transmission equipment using a retrofitting approach, and does not require the modification of existing receivers or protocols. A key benefit of the proposed method is that the authentication signal may be received at a BER much lower than the primary-signal, all within original transmission power and bandwidth constraints. We discuss physical layer details of the new watermarking method, and demonstrate how proven cryptographic authentication measures may be applied to the problem.
The Impact of Tool Material and Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness of a Nickel-Base Superalloy (1997)

Abstract The objective of the present work, is to assess the effect of tool material and cutting parameters on surface roughness of the supermet 718 Nickel-base superalloy, under dry cutting conditions and a constant nose radius (0.5 mm). The parameters investigated are cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and tool material. The tool materials used were the ceramic (Sandvik CC 680) and the CBN (Sandvik CB 50) inserts. These variables were investigated using a 2k factorial design. The present work demonstrates a favorable effect for ceramic inserts on surface roughness, when compared with CBN inserts. The work also, showed that the feed rate has the dominant effect among the parameters studied on the surface roughness, irrespective of the tool material used.
Coefficients of impairment in deforming spastic paresis (2015)

This position paper introduces an assessment method using staged calculation of coefficients of impairment in spastic paresis, with its rationale and proposed use. The syndrome of deforming spastic paresis superimposes two disorders around each joint: a neural disorder comprising stretch-sensitive paresis in agonists and antagonist muscle overactivity, and a muscle disorder ("spastic myopathy") combining shortening and loss of extensibility in antagonists. Antagonist muscle overactivity includes spastic cocontraction (misdirected descending command), spastic dystonia (tonic involuntary muscle activation, at rest) and spasticity (increased velocity-dependent reflexes to phasic stretch, at rest). This understanding of various types of antagonist resistance as the key limiting factors in paretic movements prompts a stepwise, quantified, clinical assessment of antagonist resistances, elaborating on the previously developed Tardieu Scale. Step 1 quantifies limb function (e.g. ambulation speed in lower limb, Modified Frenchay Scale in upper limb). The following four steps evaluate various angles X of antagonist resistance, in degrees all measured from 0°, position of minimal stretch of the tested antagonist. Step 2 rates the functional muscle length, termed XV1 (V1, slowest stretch velocity possible), evaluated as the angle of arrest upon slow and strong passive muscle stretch. XV1 is appreciated with respect to the expected normal passive amplitude, XN, and reflects combined muscle contracture and residual spastic dystonia. Step 3 determines the angle of catch upon fast stretch, termed XV3 (V3, fastest stretch velocity possible), reflecting spasticity. Step 4 measures the maximal active range of motion against the antagonist, termed XA, reflecting agonist capacity to overcome passive (stiffness) and active (spastic cocontraction) antagonist resistances over a single movement. Finally, Step 5 rates the residual active amplitude after 15 seconds of maximal amplitude rapid alternating movements, XA15. Amplitude decrement from XA to XA15 reflects fatigability. Coefficients of shortening (XN-XV1)/XN, spasticity (XV1-XV3)/XV1, weakness (XV1-XA)/XV1 and fatigability (XA-XA15)/XA are derived. A high (e.g., >10%) coefficient of shortening prompts aggressive treatment of the muscle disorder--e.g., by stretch programs, such as prolonged stretch postures -, while high coefficients of weakness or fatigability prompt addressing the neural motor command disorder, e.g. using training programs such as repeated alternating movements of maximal amplitude.
Experimental study of scaling law for combustion system by free jet cold model. (1990)

実用燃焼器などの高速反応速度系のスケールアップの際には乱流混合時間が重要な因子になる.このような反応系では, スケール変化に対して混合時間を一定に保つには滞留時間一定のスケーリング則が有効であることが定方らによって提案されている.本研究では円管ノズルからの自由噴流の乱流特性に及ぼすRe数の影響を熱線流速計を用いて実験的に検討し, このスケーリング則の妥当性を考察した.その結果, Re数10万以上では, フローパターンおよび相対乱流強度や積分スケールなどの乱流混合特性にRe数の影響は現れないこと, 低波数渦から高波数渦へのエネルギー伝達速度が乱流エネルギー消散速度を支配することが明らかになり, フローパターンおよび混合時間の相似性が同時に実現できる可能性が示された.したがって, Re数10万が滞留時間を一定に保つことによってミクロ混合時間を一致させるという燃焼スケーリング則の適用下限値になることが示唆された.
AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF HIGH-SPEED SOLVERS (2011)

R eceding horizon control (RHC), also known as model predictive control (MPC), [1]–[5] is a feedback control technique that became popular in the 1980s. With RHC, an optimization problem is solved at each time step to determine a plan of action over a fi xed time horizon. The fi rst input from this plan is applied to the system. At the next time step we repeat the planning process, solving a new optimization problem with the time horizon shifted one step forward. The optimization problem takes into account estimates of future quantities based on available information at each time step. The control policy involves feedback since real-time measurements are used to determine the control input. RHC is a nonlinear control policy that handles input constraints, output constraints, and various control objectives. Using RHC, a system can be controlled near its physical limits, often obtaining performance superior to linear control [5]–[7]. RHC applications include a wide range of practical settings, such as industrial and chemical process control [8], supply chain management [9], stochastic control in economics and finance [10], revenue management [11], control of hybrid vehicles [12], automotive applications [13]– [15], and aerospace applications [16]. Although RHC is used for a wide range of applications, it does not always outperform traditional control methods. For some problems, a skilled designer can achieve similar performance by tuning a conventional linear controller, such as a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller modified to handle constraints, for example, by
CREB Protein Mediates Alcohol‐Induced Circadian Disruption and Intestinal Permeability (2017)

Taken together, these data suggest that strategies to reduce alcohol-induced oxidative stress may alleviate alcohol-mediated circadian disruption and intestinal leakiness, critical drivers of ALD.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Shared-Memory Multiple Processor Computers (1995)

Abstract A parallel algorithm for molecular dynamics simulations of polyatomic molecular systems is presented. The algorithm is optimized for shared-memory multiple processor computers by assigning each molecule to be a parallelization unit which is usually taken for each atom or interaction pair. A method to distribute all interaction pairs to each molecule in almost equal numbers is described. The algorithm is tested by simulation of a liquid crystal molecule system on four-and eight-processor workstations. Overall speedups of 3.6 and 5.7 are obtained on four-and eight- processors, respectively. A non-iterative algorithm to constrain bond-length degrees of freedom is also tested with regard to its efficiency for parallel computation. A performance superior to that of the iterative SHAKE algorithm was obtained
Detection of Quadruplex DNA Structures in Human Telomeres by a Fluorescent Carbazole Derivative (2004)

Single-stranded telomeric DNA tends to form a four-base-paired planar structure termed G-quadruplex. This structure was easily formed in vitro in the presence of monovalent cations. However, the existence of this structure in native human telomeres is unclear. Here we address this important question through the distinctive properties of 3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium)carbazole diiodide (BMVC) upon binding to various DNA structures. Although the fluorescence of BMVC increases significantly in the presence of DNA, BMVC has high sensitivity and binding preference to quadruplex d(T(2)AG(3))(4) over duplex DNA. In addition, the fluorescent emissions were characterized around 575 nm for quadruplex d(T(2)AG(3))(4) and 545 nm for most of duplex DNA. The 575-nm fluorescence emissions were detected in the mixtures of 2 nM BMVC with the chromosomal DNA that were extracted from human cells, suggesting the presence of quadruplex structure in human nucleus. Further analyzing the BMVC fluorescence at the ends of metaphase chromosomes and other regions of chromosomes, we detected the quadruplex-binding BMVC fluorescence at telomere-proximal regions. Together these results provide the first evidence for the presence of quadruplex structures in human telomeres.
Nitrosoaziridinium ion isomerization: dihydrodiazete-N-oxides and azoxyalkenes from aziridine nitrosation (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrosoaziridinium ion isomerization: dihydrodiazete-N-oxides and azoxyalkenes from aziridine nitrosationRichard N. Loeppky, Qing Feng, Aloka Srinivasan, Rainer Glaser, Charles L. Barnes, and Paul R. SharpCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 6, 2308–2309Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00006a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00006a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Geometric Programming for Lifetime Maximization in Mobile Edge Computing Networks (2019)

Mobile edge computing has emerged as a promising technology to augment the computational capabilities of mobile devices. For a multi-user network in which its users periodically compute their tasks with the help of an edge cloud, we investigate the network lifetime maximization problem based on present user task information. We pursue this objective via a minimum energy efficiency maximization (MEEM) strategy that jointly optimizes the fraction of user task computations offloaded to the cloud and the respective allocation of edge computing and network communication resources across the users. We also investigate the network lifetime maximization problem for the case when the user task information is available for all future time slots, as well. This setting represents an upper bound for the MEEM strategy. Optimal solutions for both investigated strategies are formulated via feasibility testing and geometric programming. We show that MEEM can achieve a 70% lifetime improvement over the state-of-the-art and 450% lifetime improvement over the case of local user task computation only.