gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GS354 and GS389: New Type of Calcium Channel Blockers (1991)

GS354와 GS389의 세포내 칼슘{ $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}:$ Fura-2의 형광으로 측정}과 근장력 변화에 대하여 백서의 흉부동맥을 사용하여 검토하였다. GS354와 GS389 모두 고농도의 포타슘과 노어에피네프린에 의한 수축을 억제시켰다. GS354의 헐관이완은 $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ 의 감소가 동반되었고 고농도의 포타슘에 의한 $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ 증가억제 현상도 칼슘통로 활성제인 Bay K8644에 의하여 길항되었다. 그러나 혈관이완 작용은 Bay K8644에 의해 억제 되지 않았다. 이러한 사실은 GS354는 칼슘통로를 차단하여 $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ 을 감소시키며 또한 수축기구에 대한 칼슘의 감수성을 낮추는 것을 암시하는 결과이다. 한편 GS389는 세포내 형광성을 증가시켰으나 이것은 Fura-2에 의한 형광이 아니라 내인성 피리딘 뉴클레오타이드에 의한 것으로서 나타났다. 이것은 미토콘드리아 기능을 억제하는 것을 의미하며 이러한 현상때문에 GS389에 대한 $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ 의 측정이 곤란하였으나 계속하여 Bay K8644를 첨가하여 본 결과 형광은 더욱 증가 되었으나 혈관이완은 역전되지 않았다. 이러한 사실은 GS389가 칼슘통로를 억제하며 아울러 수축기구에 대한 칼슘의 감수성을 낮추는 것을 암시하는 결과로 사료된다. 【The inhibitory effects of GS354 and GS389 on cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ level ( $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ ; measured with fura-2 fluorescence) and muscle tension in vascular smooth muscle of rat thoracic aorta were investigated. Both GS354 and GS389 inhibited the contractions induced by high $K^+$ or by norepinephrine. The vasodilator effect of GS354 was accompanied by a decrease in $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ . The inhibitory effect on high $K^+-stimulated$ $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ was antagonized by a $Ca^{2+}$ channel activator, Bay K8644. However, the inhibitory effect on muscle tension was not antagonized by Bay K8644. These results suggest that GS354 inhibits $Ca^{2+}$ channels to decrease $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ and also decreases $Ca^{2+}$ sensitivity of contractile elements. The inhibitory effects of GS389 was accompanied by the increase in tissue fluorescence. This increment was not due to fura-2 fluorescence but to endogeneous pyridine nucleotides, suggesting that GS389 has an effect to inhibit mitochondrial function. Because of this interference, effects of GS389 on $[Ca^{2+}]_{1}$ was obscured. However, since sequential addition of Bay K8644 in the presence of GS389 further increased the fluorescence but not muscle tension, this compound seems to have the effects to inhibit $Ca^{2+}$ channels and to decrease $Ca^{2+}$ sensitivity of contractile elements.】
Study of the evaporation of dysprosium and terbium from ternary alloys with palladium and platinum (1986)

An integral variant of the Knudsen effusion method is used under conditions of an ultrahigh ''oil-free'' vacuum to study the evaporation of an alloy with 2 at. % Dy, 50 at. % Tb, and 48 at. % Pd and another alloy with 2.3 at. % Dy, 77.1 at. % Tb, and 20.6 at. % Pt. The temperature dependences of the vapor pressures and the partial thermodynamic functions of dysprosium and terbium are calculated for these alloys. An analogy is made between the behavior of terbium in binary and ternary alloys with palladium and platinum. It is shown that the introduction of an appropriate amount of palladium into an alloy of dysprosium with terbium increases the ratio of the vapor pressures of these elements more than threefold, while the addition of an appropriate amount of platinum increases this ratio fourfold.
Procedures of Structural System Identification Applied to Automotive Structures (1986)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Structural system identification was applied to small sample problems and to large automotive structures. The technique combines mass and stiffness matrices from a finite element model with experimental mode shapes and natural frequencies to produce improved mass and stiffness matrices. In numerical experiments on small problems the procedure enabled us to identify regions of original finite element models where changes of model parameters were required to bring finite element predictions into better agreement with exact results. Also, node point displacements were calculated for small structures subjected to time-dependent sinusoidal loads, and it was found that predictions of displacements from “improved” models were more accurate than original finite element model predictions when forcing frequencies were within the range of experimental frequencies used with structural system identification calculations. When applied to two large automotive structures. regions within the finite element models identified as candidates for parameter changes to, in one case, bring about a shift in predicted frequencies, and, in the other case, improve correlation with test results, were found to be consistent with our engineering judgement.&lt;/div&gt;
Comparative analysis of tissue structure via Mueller matrix characterization of liquid crystals (2008)

Polarization properties of light interacting with biological tissues change depending mainly on tissue structure. In this work, a comparative method for the extraction of information about tissue structure is proposed, based on the analysis of polarization properties of liquid crystals. The Mueller matrix of the tissue is decomposed by means of the Lu-Chipman polar decomposition. As long as the scattering is weak, and so depolarization is sufficiently low, the tissue structure can be considered similar to the one of the equivalent liquid crystal. This model is applied to a sample of healthy porcine skin measured in backscattering configuration.
Free energy of defects in chemoepitaxial block copolymer directed self-assembly: effect of pattern density and defect position (2017)

Block copolymers (BCPs) can phase separate to form periodic structures with small spacings, making BCPs an attractive option for furthering the ability of optical lithography. Chemoepitaxy is a method of directed self-assembly (DSA) that uses preferential pinning stripes to guide the BCP. The periodicity of the underlayer’s pinning stripe compared to the periodicity of the BCP is defined as the density multiplication. In this study molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the effect density multiplication and pinning stripe position has on the free energy difference between a defective and defect-free BCP film. For all defect orders the highest free energies were obtained when a pinning stripe was located directly under or adjacent to the terminating block. At high density multiplications, the defects were found to approach the free energy of the same defect on an unpatterned underlayer. For all density multiplications and pinning stripe positions the free energy of defective films is significantly higher than that of defect-free films, suggesting the presence of defects in experiment is likely due to kinetic entrapment of defects. Free energy initially increases with increasing defect size, but was found to level off and even decrease for the largest defects in this work.
Helping Robots Learn: A Human-Robot Master-Apprentice Model Using Demonstrations via Virtual Reality Teleoperation (2020)

As artificial intelligence becomes an increasingly prevalent method of enhancing robotic capabilities, it is important to consider effective ways to train these learning pipelines and to leverage human expertise. Working towards these goals, a master-apprentice model is presented and is evaluated during a grasping task for effectiveness and human perception. The apprenticeship model augments self-supervised learning with learning by demonstration, efficiently using the human's time and expertise while facilitating future scalability to supervision of multiple robots; the human provides demonstrations via virtual reality when the robot cannot complete the task autonomously. Experimental results indicate that the robot learns a grasping task with the apprenticeship model faster than with a solely self-supervised approach and with fewer human interventions than a solely demonstration-based approach; 100% grasping success is obtained after 150 grasps with 19 demonstrations. Preliminary user studies evaluating workload, usability, and effectiveness of the system yield promising results for system scalability and deployability. They also suggest a tendency for users to overestimate the robot's skill and to generalize its capabilities, especially as learning improves.
2D material liquid crystals for optoelectronics and photonics (2017)

The merging of the materials science paradigms of liquid crystals and 2D materials promises superb new opportunities for the advancement of the fields of optoelectronics and photonics. In this review, we summarise the development and applications of 2D material liquid crystals for optoelectronics and photonics.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization (2008)

Intravitreal injections of bevacizumab may be a therapeutic option for exudative myopic macular degeneration.
6183Prevalence of myocardial bridging in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a coronary computed tomography study (2018)

How vulnerable are my coronary vessels? / Cardiac -CTA for non-atherosclerotic clinical scenarios 1279
Dependence of the Encapsidation Function of the Adenovirus L1 52/55-Kilodalton Protein on Its Ability To Bind the Packaging Sequence (2006)

ABSTRACT The adenovirus IVa2 and L1 52/55-kDa proteins are involved in the assembly of new virus particles. Both proteins bind to the packaging sequence of the viral chromosome, and the lack of expression of either protein results in no virus progeny: the absence of the L1 52/55-kDa protein leads to formation of only empty capsids, and the absence of the IVa2 protein results in no capsid assembly. Furthermore, the IVa2 and L1 52/55-kDa proteins interact with each other during adenovirus infection. However, what is not yet clear is when and how this interaction occurs during the course of the viral infection. We defined the domains of the L1 52/55-kDa protein required for interaction with the IVa2 protein, DNA binding, and virus replication by constructing L1 52/55-kDa protein truncations. We found that the N-terminal 173 amino acids of the L1 52/55-kDa protein are essential for interaction with the IVa2 protein. However, for both DNA binding and complementation of the pm 8001 mutant virus, which does not express the L1 52/55-kDa protein, the amino-terminal 331 amino acids of the L1 52/55-kDa protein are necessary. These results suggest that the production of infectious virus particles depends on the ability of the L1 52/55-kDa protein to bind to DNA.
Citizenship in Cross-National Perspective (2009)

The starting point of any comparative analysis of national policies needs to provide a common methodological framework to measure the issue at hand. Unlike in the realm of economic or social policies – where a variety of concepts already have well-established indicators, measures, and databases – citizenship policy represents a relatively new terrain with few existing measures and data sources. Indeed, only in the last decade have scholars attempted to compare systematically the different citizenship laws and practices of certain advanced industrialized countries, and most have done so without seeking to create an overall index with which to compare countries on aggregate terms.
Disease stage-related changes in T cell receptor-VB profile in cutaneous T cell lymphoma (88.10) (2009)

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the T cell receptor-Vβ (TCR-Vβ; Vβ) repertoire in patients with Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS) variants of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) across all stages, in order to identify relationships between Vβ expression levels and disease stage. Blood was drawn from MF/SS patients (n=31) and the percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing each Vβ was determined by multiparameter flow cytometery and the change in expression levels with progressive disease stage was calculated with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. We found that individual TCR-Vβ families were expanded in some patients with advanced MF/SS. Further, we detected significant decreases in the proportion of five TCR-Vβs with progressive stages of disease, while the proportion of all other tested TCR-Vβ families did not change with disease stage. These data show disease stage-related changes in the expression of certain TCR-Vβs known to be activated by viral superantigens. In particular, there was a highly significant decrease in expression of TCR-Vβ13, which has been found to be activated by an EBV-associated superantigen, in advanced CTCL. Based on these findings, we theorize that in early stages of CTCL, viral infection may play a role in the expansion of specific superantigen-associated T-cells; while in later stages, these same T-cells become eliminated by a yet unknown mechanism. Funding Sources: National Institutes of Health, Dermatology Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Clinical &amp; Translational Research Center
www.websites4cancer.com (2004)

Websites offering information on complementary and alterative medicine (CAM) for cancer should be regulated and earn a ‘seal of approval’, according to a study published last month in the Annals of Oncology.
DNA/RNA Markers for Colorectal Cancer Risk in Preserved Stool Specimens: A Pilot Study (2009)

The present study demonstrates that simultaneous analyses for DNA and RNA markers are feasible in stool samples treated with a single type of nucleotide preservatives. Among several associations observed, the association between EGFR expression and polyps deserves further investigation as a potential target for colorectal cancer screening. Larger studies are warranted to confirm some of our observations.
The Combination of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and High Tumor Interleukin-6 Associates with Decreased Survival in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2020)

Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is frequently associated with cachexia which is itself associated with decreased survival and quality of life. We examined relationships among body phenotype, tumor gene expression, and survival. Demographic, clinical, computed tomography (CT) scans and tumor RNASeq for 217 ccRCC patients were acquired from the Cancer Imaging Archive and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Skeletal muscle and fat masses measured from CT scans and tumor cytokine gene expression were compared with survival by univariate and multivariate analysis. Patients in the lowest skeletal muscle mass (SKM) quartile had significantly shorter overall survival versus the top three SKM quartiles. Patients who fell into the lowest quartiles for visceral adipose mass (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose mass (SCAT) also demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival. Multiple tumor cytokines correlated with mortality, most strongly interleukin-6 (IL-6); high IL-6 expression was associated with significantly decreased survival. The combination of low SKM/high IL-6 was associated with significantly lower overall survival compared to high SKM/low IL-6 expression (26.1 months vs. not reached; p < 0.001) and an increased risk of mortality (HR = 5.95; 95% CI = 2.86-12.38). In conclusion, tumor cytokine expression, body composition, and survival are closely related, with low SKM/high IL-6 expression portending worse prognosis in ccRCC.
Some Practical Issues of Experimental Design and Data Analysis in Radiological ROC Studies (1989)

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has been used in a broad variety of medical imaging studies during the past 15 years, and its advantages over more traditional measures of diagnostic performance are now clearly established. But despite the essential simplicity of the approach, workers in the field often find--sometimes only after an ROC study is under way--that a number of subtle issues related to experimental design and data analysis must be confronted in practice. Many of these issues have not been discussed in the literature in detail, and most are not well known. The purposes of this paper are to make users of ROC methodology in medical imaging aware of potential problems that should be confronted before an ROC study is begun and to indicate, at least broadly, how those problems may be dealt with, given the present state of the art. Some of the issues raised here can be addressed adequately by easily prescribed techniques, whereas others remain difficult and will be resolved fully only by new methodologic developments.
Aplied Interval Computation: A New Approach for Time-Delays Systems Analysis (2007)

NonWOS
Quantitative Seismic Reservoir Modeling – Optimizing Field Development Value through Early and Continuous Data Integration (2018)

Abstract Field development costs continue to face tremendous downward pressure. Value preservation in a lowprice environment requires optimum placement of a minimum number of development wells that safely produce the maximum possible amount hydrocarbon resources. To achieve this ambitious goal, all relevant data need to be integrated earlier and faster to provide a solid basis for a realistic base case reservoir model to underpin the field development plan and to sketch out low and high case scenarios to ensure plan robustness and capture possible upside.
Kinetics of diethylene glycol formation from bishydroxyethyl terephthalate with zinc catalyst in the preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (2000)

To further discuss the effect of zinc catalyst on diethylene glycol (DEG) formation in the preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), this research focused on the kinetics of DEG formation during PET synthesis from purified bishydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) monomer with zinc catalyst. The rate expression of DEG formation from purified BHET monomer and zinc catalyst is described. It was found that the activation energy of BHET with zinc catalyst in DEG formation during PET synthesis is lower than that of BHET without the addition of catalyst. Moreover, a comparison of zinc catalyst in DEG formation with antimony catalyst at the same concentrations showed that the reaction rate of BHET with zinc catalyst in DEG formation is greater than that of BHET with antimony catalyst. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 1229–1234, 2000
The Use of Gentamicin-Impregnated Collagen Sponge for Reducing Surgical Site Infection after Spine Surgery (2016)

In this study, there were statistically significant results that SSI rate was decreased in the group of patients using Collatamp G in spine surgery generally. However, further studies are required to resolve some limitations in the future.
Loop Diuretic Dose Adjustments after a Hospitalization for Heart Failure: Insights From ASCEND-HF (2015)

In a large multinational clinical trial, 56% of patients hospitalized with HF were either initiated on a daily loop diuretic at discharge or discharged on higher doses compared with admission. In patients established on diuretics prior to hospitalization, we found no association between changes to chronic doses at discharge and improved outcomes, whereas initiation of loop diuretic therapy was associated with better outcomes compared with no dose change.
Numerical simulation of surface-wave band-stop filters (1996)

In this work the scattering of an H-polarized surface wave from a circular dielectric cylinder and a perfectly conducting infinitely thin open circular screen is analyzed by the use of the surface potential approach. Efficient numerical algorithms have been devised and applications to the band-stop filters have been discussed. Sample numerical results for the total scattered power and transmission and reflection coefficients are presented. Two types of band-stop filters are compared. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasonic spectroscopic evaluation of the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene (2003)

Abstract An in situ ultrasonic spectroscopy technique was used to study the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene catalyzed by bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)benzylidene ruthenium dichloride. A reaction cell employing a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) window for pulse echo ultrasonic spectroscopy was used to monitor the polymerization. The changes in the density, wave speed, acoustic modulus, and attenuation were all simultaneously monitored. In comparison with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data, the changes in the density, velocity, and modulus only accurately measured the rate constant for the metathesis of the cyclopentyl unsaturation. The ultrasonic values were within 6% of the values determined by FTIR. The activation energy for metathesis of the cyclopentyl unsaturation was 84 kJ mol −1 , following first‐order kinetics. Rate constants for the polymerization of the norbornyl unsaturation could not be determined by ultrasound. The gel point, vitrification, and qualitative information about the reaction rate could be determined from the change in the attenuation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1323–1333, 2003
80-OR: 670G Clinical Experience (2019)

Objective: In September 2016, the FDA approved the Medtronic 670G “hybrid” closed-loop system. In “Auto Mode,” this system automatically controls basal insulin delivery based on CGM data, but requires users to enter carbohydrate intake and blood sugar for boluses. Studies show improved time in range associated with the use of Auto Mode. In an effort to track our real-world experience with this first commercial closed-loop device, we followed pediatric and adult patients placed on the 670G. Methods: This was a 1-year prospective observational study, recruiting 5/2017-9/2018, of patients with type 1 diabetes, ≥7 years, starting the 670G system. Results: 84 patients started on the 670G (range 9-61 years), 26 (31%) were &amp;lt;18 years. Figure 1 shows a violin plot of percentage time in Auto Mode at each visit. Upon starting Auto Mode, 96% of participants continued for the first week. For those with available data by 3 months 22% stopped using Auto Mode, at 6 months 30%, at 9 months 43% and by 12 months 50% (70% &amp;lt;18, 40% ≥18). Reasons for discontinuation included CGM issues, too many alarms and lack of control. At 6 months there was a significant correlation between improved A1c and time in Auto Mode (r = 0.4, p = 0.01). Conclusions: While use of closed-loop technology correlates with improved glycemic control, a focus on usability and human factors is necessary to ensure patients stay on treatment. Alarms and sensor calibration are a major patient concern, which next generation technology should alleviate. Disclosure R. Lal: Consultant; Self; Abbott. M. Basina: None. D.M. Maahs: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. Consultant; Self; Abbott, Sanofi. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care. B.A. Buckingham: Advisory Panel; Self; ConvaTec Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Profusa, Inc. Consultant; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Research Support; Self; Beta Bionics, ConvaTec Inc., Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; Insulet Corporation, Tandem Diabetes Care. K.K. Hood: Consultant; Self; Lilly Diabetes. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Johnson &amp; Johnson Diabetes Institute. B.P. Conrad: None. J. Leverenz: None. A. Chmielewski: None. K. Peterson: None. D. Wilson: Advisory Panel; Self; Tolerion, Inc. Research Support; Self; Beta Bionics, Dexcom, Inc., Medtronic. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007217); Seiler Fund
THE FIRST YEAR OUTCOME OF LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS AT THE NARA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (2007)

We report the first-year outcome of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) at \nthe Nara Medical University Hospital. The follow-up periods ranged from one month to \none year. Among 30 eyes of 15 patients who underwent LASIK for myopia or myopic \nastigrnatism, 29 eyes (96.7%) obtained an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better \nwith subjective refraction of ±O.5D of emmetropia. Complications were undercorrection \n(one eye) and diffuse lamellar keratitis (one eye). Both eyes underwent reoperation and \nobtained good vision. \nWe conclude that the first-year outcome of LASIK at the Nara Medical University \nHospital is excellent.