gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A hybrid approach to item recommendation in folksonomies (2009)

In this paper we consider the problem of item recommendation in collaborative tagging communities, so called folksonomies, where users annotate interesting items with tags. Rather than following a collaborative filtering or annotation-based approach to recommendation, we extend the probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) approach and present a unified recommendation model which evolves from item user and item tag co-occurrences in parallel. The inclusion of tags reduces known collaborative filtering problems related to overfitting and allows for higher quality recommendations. Experimental results on a large snapshot of the delicious bookmarking service show the scalability of our approach and an improved recommendation quality compared to two-mode collaborative or annotation based methods.
Kα radiation from low charge chlorine heated by an ion beam for cold dense plasma diagnostics (2011)

Abstract Kα radiation from low charge chlorine is examined for cold dense plasma diagnostics. A relativistic atomic structure calculation shows that the transition energies of Kα lines are slightly shifted to a higher-energy side according to the degree of M-shell ionization. Total spectral shift from Cl + Kα lines up to those with a fully stripped M-shell is about 10 eV. With an assumption that collisional-radiative-equilibrium is valid, spectral calculations were carried out for a C 2 H 3 Cl-plasma heated by an ion beam, and clear deformation among spectral line-shapes is found in the range of the electron temperatures of ≤~ 30 eV. Contribution to the composite spectra of Kα lines with an excited electron in the outer-shell is also briefly discussed. Cl-Kα lines with M-shell electrons can be expected to give us distinct understandings for energy deposition by an ion beam in cold dense plasma.
Upregulation of Bcl‐2 protein in the myasthenic thymus (1996)

We examined the expression of Fas antigen and Bcl-2 protein in thymic tissue surgically resected from 10 patients with myasthenia gravis, using immunocytochemical techniques. Histologically, thymic tissues from 7 myasthenia gravis patients showed hyperplasia, while 3 other patients had thymomas. In hyperplastic thymic tissue, immunoreactivity for Fas antigen was observed mainly in the network of medullary epithelial cells. In contrast, expression of Fas antigen was rare in the cortex. Fas antigen was also detected to some degree in thymoma tissue from 3 patients. Bcl-2 protein was highly expressed in the medullary thymocytes in the hyperplastic thymic tissue, whereas its staining was quite low in myasthenia gravis thymomas. The number of Bcl-2-positive thymocytes in the medulla was significantly greater in the hyperplastic myasthenia gravis thymic tissue than in the control thymic tissue. These findings suggest that Bcl-2 protein may be upregulated in the myasthenia gravis thymus and that this phenomenon may be related to impaired apoptotic cell death of autoreactive thymocytes in myasthenia gravis.
Sex Differences in Demand for Highly Palatable Foods: Role of the Orexin System (2020)

These findings provide evidence of higher demand at low prices for palatable food in females and indicate that these behavioral differences may be associated with sexual dimorphism in orexin system function.
The structure of the GPIb–filamin A complex (2005)

Filamin A (FLNa), a dimeric actin cross-linking and scaffold protein with numerous intracellular binding partners, anchors the platelet adhesion glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V receptor to actin cytoskeleton. We mapped the GPIbalpha binding site to a single domain of FLNa and resolved the structure of this domain and its interaction complex with the corresponding GPIbalpha cytoplasmic domain. This is the first atomic structure of this class of membrane glycoprotein-cytoskeleton connection. GPIbalpha binds in a groove formed between the C and D beta strands of FLNa domain 17. The interaction is strikingly similar to that between the beta7 integrin tail and a different FLNa domain, potentially defining a conserved motif for FLNa binding. Nevertheless, the structures also reveal specificity of the interfaces, which explains different regulatory mechanisms. To verify the topology of GPIb-FLNa interaction we also purified the native complex from platelets and showed that GPIb interacts with the C-terminus of FLNa, which is in accordance with our biochemical and structural data.
Relaxation of surface-tethered polymers under moderate confinement (2018)

We study the relaxation of surface-tethered polymers in microchannels under moderate confinement (i.e. h ∼ Rg, where h is the channel height and Rg is the radius of gyration of the polymer) by experiments with fluorescence-marked DNA molecules and coupled lattice-Boltzmann/molecular dynamics simulations. The determined scaling exponent suggests that the relaxation is dominated by Zimm-dynamics with significant intra-chain hydrodynamic interactions. The relaxation of the DNA molecules is slower in shallower channels, indicating a pronounced effect of confinement on the longest relaxation time. An experimental correlation is obtained for the longest relaxation time as a function of the molecular contour length and the channel height. Good agreement between the experimental and the simulation results is found.
Soluble substrate removal determination through intracellular storage in high-rate activated sludge systems using stoichiometric mass balance approach (2019)

In high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) systems, extracellular adsorption and intracellular storage have been referred to as the dominant mechanisms for capturing organic carbon from wastewater. However, the quantification of storage products under short sludge retention time (SRT) of HRAS systems has rarely been studied. Since the measurement of storage products is complex and dependent on several variables, alternative solutions for substrate removal through storage are required to understand the high-rate system's carbon capture efficiency. To overcome the complexity of storage quantification experimentally, this study proposes a fundamental approach of determining the intracellular storage products from soluble organic carbon removal of domestic wastewater. A substrate partitioning approach was used which represents influent total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal through storage, extracellular polymeric substance, biomass growth and energy production. The substrate partitioning approach based on stoichiometric analysis showed that storage accounted for 7-11% of influent soluble COD removal in A-stage systems operated at SRT range of 0.3-2 d. The stoichiometric analysis also showed that soluble COD removal through storage is dependent on dissolved oxygen (DO) level and removal through storage increased from 8% to 30% (influent soluble COD) when the DO level decreased from 2 to 0.01 mg/L at SRT of 1.5 d.
Roll Steering of Yaw–Pitch Steered SAR for Reducing Ground–Target Pointing Error (2017)

While attitude steering in the yaw and pitch axes effectively minimizes a residual Doppler centroid in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar systems, it can induce a ground-target pointing error due to the steered radar boresight. In other words, the beams after steering may no longer illuminate the desired target. In this letter, a novel method is proposed to compensate for the target error. The roll angle and image start time, the two degrees of freedom that may be modified while maintaining the zero Doppler centroid condition, are utilized as control parameters. By correcting the roll and time, the associated target error can be significantly reduced. Two solutions are proposed in this letter. The first is a numerical accurate solution, and the second is an analytical approximate solution. One of the solutions can be implemented on-board after a tradeoff study is performed between the remaining target error and computational load. Simulation results verify that the target error is considerably reduced while the Doppler centroid is minimized with the proposed methods.
Use of a hydraulic interwell connectivity concept for sandstone reservoir characterization (1993)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
An Efficient Method of Determining Operating Points of Droop-Controlled Microgrids (2017)

Traditional methods of determining steady-state power system operating points are not applicable to droop-controlled microgrids. The conditions of an islanded microgrid, including the absence of a slack bus and inherent coupling of complex power, frequency, and bus voltage, require new tools to properly analyze. In this study, a method of determining the operating points of droop-controlled microgrids is proposed. The procedure is similar in form and function to a traditional power flow analysis, but is performed in the synchronous reference frame to ensure compatibility with conventional inverter models. A quasi-Newton iterative process is used to solve the nonlinear equations pertaining to each generation unit and load bus. The method provides a structured approach to determining the consistent system-level linearization points required for large-scale microgrid studies. Grid-forming, grid-feeding, and grid-supporting generation units are supported, along with both constant impedance and constant power loads. The method is validated in hardware experiments, simulations, and comparisons to results of existing power flow algorithms. As an example of the method's potential applications, a procedure for determining droop constants that ensure equal Q sharing between generation units is constructed around the proposed method's basic functionality.
Summun Bonum (2010)

Scientists and policy-makers must help to achieve a public consensus about the value of vaccination to individuals and society.
High-energy-density permanent micromagnets formed from heterogeneous magnetic powder mixtures (2012)

In this paper, we report the microfabrication and magnetic characterization of parylene-bonded permanent micromagnets. Mixtures of two different sized and shaped isotropic Nd-Fe-B powders are used to form 255 μm × 255 μm × 315 μm thick micromagnets embedded in silicon substrates. The best properties are obtained for a 50:50 mixture of the powders, yielding remanence B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 0.69 T, intrinsic coercivity H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ci</sub> = 680 kA/m, and energy product BH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 45 kJ/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Enabled by newly released commercially available magnetic powders, the results show a doubling in the energy density and remanence values over previously reported parylene-bonded magnets. The rapid, simple, low-temperature fabrication of these magnets, as well as their thermal and chemical stability, makes them attractive for magnetic MEMS applications.
CMOS cascode LNA with post-distortion cancellation linearizer for wireless communications (2017)

In this paper, the design of a fully-integrated RF CMOS 0.25 pm Cascode LNA using post-distortion cancellation linearization technique is presented. Simulation results has yielded a S21 peak gain of 16 dB and noise figure of 0.67 dB and S11 reflection coefficient of -30.7 dB and S12 reverse isolation of - 44.3 dB at frequency 1.9 GHz. The simulation results show an 8 dBc of IM3 distortion cancellation and 4.1 dB of IIP3 improvement with power consumption of 7.35 mA from a 2.5 V supply.
A Reversible Poly-Phase Distributed VCO (2006)

A reversible 24-phase closed-loop distributed VCO is implemented in 90nm 10M triple-well 1.2V CMOS using co-planar transmission lines as delay elements. The measured tuning range is 10.4 to 11.4GHz, the phase noise is -96.65dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset, and the circuit uses 70mW from a 1.2V supply
Peritumoral clefting in basal cell carcinoma: correlation of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy and routine histology (2010)

Our results show that the peritumoral cleft-like spaces seen in BCC on histopathology exist in vivo, and correspond to the peritumoral mucin deposition.
PLant EXperimentation (PLEX) (1975)

Unexplained process variability is likened to a ghost wandering freely through the plant spooking the process. Plant experimentation is discussed as a tool for investigating this behavior, alleviating it, and providing information for process improvement. Two different plant experimentation approaches are discussed and compared: PLEX (PLant EXperimentation) and EVOP (EVolutionary OPeration). The PLEX approach is illustrated using a recent case study of a plant process. The results aided in reducing variability, increasing capacity, and improving overall profitability in the plant.
A new resonance Rayleigh scattering method for the determination of trace O3 in air using rhodamine 6G as probe (2013)

O3 reacted with the H3BO3-KI solution to produce I3−, and it reacted with rhodamine 6G to form associated particles that exhibited a resonance Rayleigh scattering peak at 418 nm. Based on this, a 0.25–25 μM O3 can be determined, with a detection limit of 0.07 μM.
New drug discovery for protection against infection by different or new viruses (2013)

W have identified ActoKine-2 (AK-2) which protects cells against infection by a broad spectrum of viruses. In collaborative work with NIAID and other laboratories to test the efficacy of AK-2 against a variety of viruses, AK-2 was found to have a protective potency greater than interferons against RNA, DNA & retrovirus in vitro & in vivo. In particular, AK-2 was highly active against different viruses including West Nile viruses, bird flu, Rift Valley fever virus, Punta Toro phlebovirus, HIV, Yellow Fever Virus, Tacaribe virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus. AK-2 could be administered sublingually or nasally to prevent infection through the nose or mouth or intravaginally to prevent against sexually transmitted diseases. These novel routes of administration can be safer, cheaper, and logistically easier than traditional injections for disease prevention. Identification of master control genes induced by AK-2 is expected to provide insight into the cellular protective mechanisms. ActoKine’s proprietary technologies (CytoKey and CytoKill) will enable discovery and validation of the function of master control genes which will allow for screening for small molecule drug candidates mimicking the actions of AK-2. Small molecules offer several advantages over protein based pharmaceuticals, e.g., they are cheaper to manufacture, do not require cold storage and can be administered orally.
Conditions of Reducing effect of J2 Perturbation on Formation Flying (2006)

After the relative motion coordinate frame is defined in formation flying, linear equations of relative motion described by small orbital element bias are developed with respect to it. And then the differential expressions of relative position drifts due to J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> perturbation are established. Integrating them along the orbit, the drifts without effects of true anomaly are obtained. To eliminate relative position drifts resulting from J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> perturbation, certain conditions that the initial orbital elements should meet are available with respect to circle or approximating circle orbit. Numerical simulators are employed to check the fidelity of the conclusion. Comparisons of illustrations show that the drifts obviously decrease when the orbit elements meet the conditions
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC APPROACH TO RHOEADINE‐TYPE ALKALOIDS (1975)

Abstract Das Dihydropapaveraldin‐methojodid (I) liefert bei Behandlung mit Diazomethan im Überschuß in methanolischer Lösung das Benzazepin (II).
Sample allocation for multiple attribute selection problems (2014)

Prior to making a multiple attribute selection decision, a decision-maker may collect information to estimate the value of each attribute for each alternative. In this work, we consider a fixed experimental sample budget and address the problem of how best to allocate this budget across three attributes when the attribute value estimates have a normally distributed measurement error. We illustrate that the allocation choice impacts the decision-maker's ability to select the true best alternative. Through a simulation study we evaluate the performance of a common allocation approach of uniformly distributing the sample budget across the three attributes. We compare these results to the performance of several allocation rules that leverage the decision-maker's preferences. We found that incorporating the decision-maker's preferences into the allocation choice improves the probability of selecting the true best alternative.
Tuneable endogenous mammalian target complementation via multiplexed plasmid-based recombineering (2015)

Understanding the quantitative functional consequences of human disease mutations requires silencing of endogenous genes and expression of mutants at close to physiological levels. Changing protein levels above or below these levels is also important for system perturbation and modelling. Fast design optimization demands flexible interchangeable cassettes for endogenous gene silencing and tuneable expression. Here, we introduce 'TEMTAC', a multigene recombineering and delivery system for simultaneous siRNA-based knockdown and regulated mutant (or other variant) expression with different dynamic ranges. We show its applicability by confirming known phenotypic effects for selected mutations for BRAF, HRAS, and SHP2.
Iron hydroxyphosphate and Sn-incorporated iron hydroxyphosphate: efficient and stable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (2017)

New, iron-based, nanocrystals of Fe<sub>5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O and Sn-incorporated Fe<sub>5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O were synthesized and their electrocatalytic OERs were enhanced because of the presence of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>ligands and the Sn incorporation.
Finding label noise examples in large scale datasets (2017)

Mislabeled examples are difficult to avoid while building large scale datasets. In this paper we discuss an efficient approach for finding those mislabeled examples. Our approach involves selecting a small number of potentially mislabeled examples for review by an expert. We demonstrate the utility of our method by finding some mislabeled examples in one large scale dataset (ImageNet). We found 92 errors by automatically selecting 3607 examples to review out of 22951 images from 18 classes. This requires reviewing 9 times fewer examples than the random sampling method to find an equivalent number of mislabels.
Abrogation of Retinoblastoma Protein Function by c-Abl through Tyrosine Kinase-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms (1995)

The decision to enter the cell division cycle is governed by the interplay between growth activators and growth inhibitors. The retinoblastoma protein (RB) is an example of a growth inhibitor whose main function appears to be the binding and inactivation of key cell cycle activators. One target of RB is a proto-oncoprotein, the c-Abl tyrosine kinase. RB binds to the ATP-binding lobe in the kinase domain and inhibits the nuclear pool of c-Abl in quiescent and G1 cells. Phosphorylation of RB at G1/S releases c-Abl, leading to the activation of this nuclear tyrosine kinase. In this report, we describe the construction of a mutant Abl, replacing the ATP-binding lobe of c-Abl with that of c-Src. The mutant protein AS2 is active as a tyrosine kinase and can phosphorylate Abl substrates, such as the C-terminal repeated domain of RNA polymerase II. AS2, however, does not bind to RB, and its activity is not inhibited by RB. As a result, the nuclear pool of AS2 is no longer cell cycle regulated. Excess AS2, but not its kinase-defective counterpart, can overcome RB-induced growth arrest in Saos-2 cells. Interestingly, wild-type c-Abl, in both its kinase-active and -inactive forms, can also overcome RB. Furthermore, overexpression of a kinase-defective c-Abl in rodent fibroblasts accelerates the transition from quiescence to S phase and cooperates with c-Myc to induce transformation. These effects, however, do not occur with the kinase-defective form of AS2. Thus, the growth-stimulating function of the kinase-defective c-Abl is dependent on the binding and the abrogation of RB function. That RB function can be abolished by the overproduction of one of its binding proteins is consistent with the hypothesis that RB induces cell cycle arrest by acting as a "molecular matchmaker" to assemble protein complexes. Exclusive engagement of RB by one of its many targets is incompatible with the biological function of this growth suppressor protein.
Bisphosphonate guidelines for treatment and prevention of myeloma bone disease (2017)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. More than 80% of patients with MM display evidence of myeloma bone disease (MBD), characterised by the formation of osteolytic lesions throughout the axial and appendicular skeleton. MBD significantly increases the risk of skeletal-related events such as pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression and hypercalcaemia. MBD is the result of MM plasma cells-mediated activation of osteoclast activity and suppression of osteoblast activity. Bisphosphonates (BP), pyrophosphate analogues with high bone affinity, are the only pharmacological agents currently recommended for the treatment and prevention of MBD and remain the standard of care. Pamidronate and zoledronic acid are the most commonly used BP to treat MBD. Although generally safe, frequent high doses of BP are associated with adverse events such as renal toxicity and osteonecrosis of the jaw. As such, optimal duration and dosing of BP therapy is required in order to minimise BP-associated adverse events. The following guidelines provide currently available evidence for the adoption of a tailored approach when using BP for the management of MBD.
A New Lower Limit for the Ultimate Breaking Strain of Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

We apply immense strain to ultralong, suspended, single-walled carbon nanotubes while monitoring their Raman spectra. We can achieve strains up to 13.7 ± 0.3% without slippage, breakage, or defect formation based on the observation of reversible change in Raman spectra. This is more than twice that of previous observations. The rate of G band downshift with strain is found to span a wide range from -6.2 to -23.6 cm(-1)/% strain. Under these immense strains, the G band is observed to downshift by up to 157 cm(-1) (from 1592 to 1435 cm(-1)). Interestingly, under these significant lattice distortions, we observe no detectable D band Raman intensity. Also, we do not observe any broadening of the G band line width until a threshold downshift of Δω(G) > 75 cm(-1) is achieved at high strains, beyond which the fwhm of the G band increases sharply and reversibly. On the basis of a theoretical nonlinear stress-strain response, we estimate the maximum applied stress of the nanotubes in this study to be 99 GPa with a strength-to-weight ratio of almost 74,000 kN x m/kg, which is 30 times that of Kevlar and 117 times that of steel.