gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local high edge observation for the bonding line monitoring of a complex composite beam (2020)

The most part of defects in composite structures carrying attached subelements is the disbond at the interface, as the skin/stringer sections. This is sometimes due to a nonoptimal manufacturing process or sometimes due to accidental object impacts during service. It has been verified that structural discontinuities within an elastic medium under mechanical loads can cause analogous discontinuities within the strain field. Starting from this analysis, the present work investigates the effect of artificially induced kissing bond areas just at the in the skin–stiffener interface of an aeronautical complex composite beam. This research uses longitudinal strain values, acquired at the locations where distributed fiber optic sensors are installed. The applied methodology uses different strain-based features providing local high edge observation both in time and spatial domains. Their autocorrelations are, in the end, computed to improve signal-to-noise ratio. The local high edge observation algorithm is proposed that proves its capability to monitor disbond being at the same time load and baseline independent.
L-lysine escinat, thiotriazolin, gordox and mydocalm influence on oxygen tension in the intestinal wall and acid-base balance and limited proteolysis in intestinal venous blood in terms of intraabdominal hypertension modeling. (2014)

In acute experiments on rabbits there were studied changes in oxygen tension in the intestinal wall tissues, acid-base balance and limited proteolysis and its inhibitors in intestinal venous blood, protective action of L-lysine escinat (0,15 mg/kg / single dose), thiotriazolin (25 mg/kg / single dose), aprotinin (gordox) (10,000 units/kg / single dose) in sequential modeling of standard levels increasing of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) — 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 m H2O, and also of tolperison (mydocalm) (5 mg/kg / single dose) on modeling of stable 3-hour IAH 200 m H2O. The IAH modeling was performed by means of stand of our construction. Under the influence of IAH the compensated metabolic acidosis in intestinal venous blood with a compensative hyperpnoe develops, decline of oxygen tension in tissues and activating of a limited proteolysis as well as decline of its inhibitors activity in intestinal venous blood occur. By the degree of metabolic acidosis prevention investigational preparations were distributed as follows gordox &gt; thiotriazolin = L-lysine escinat = mydocalm, and by prevention of decline of oxygen tension in tissues — thiotriazolin &gt; L-lysine escinat &gt; mydocalm &gt; gordox, it is is connected with different rate of methabolic products excretion into the blood, due to the influence on blood circulation and transcapilary exchange. By the degree of prevention of proteolytic activity and inhibitory potential changes, investigational preparations were distributed as follows: gordox &gt; mydocalm &gt; thiotriazolin &gt; L-lysine escinat, this is connected with inhibition of proteolysis in gordox, and in other ones – with reduction of ischemic damage of tissues. Owing to different mechanism of action thiotriazolin, L-lysine escinat and mydocalm may be simultaneously recommended for a conservative treatment of patients with intraabdominal hypertension syndrome.
Measurement of phase diagrams of optical communication signals using sampled coherent detection (2004)

A phase diverse coherent detection apparatus is used to obtain a description of an optical signal as an electric field versus time. This information can he displayed as a phase diagram, or used to make diagnostic decisions ahout the signal.
Analysis of Impregnation Mechanism of Weft-Knitted Commingled Yarn Composites by Staged Consolidation and Laboratory X-Ray Computed Tomography (2019)

Absorption-based microcomputed tomography (µCT) scans using polychromatic X-ray sources are frequently used to analyse the microstructure of polymer-matrix composites. Assuming the proportionality between linear X-ray attenuation coefficients and grey levels in the reconstructed µCT images, segmentation techniques can be used to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyses. Nevertheless, the reliability of such analyses is limited in partially consolidated composites formed of commingled yarns due to low contrast induced by beam hardening and partial volume effect. This paper aims at investigating the possibility of using low-contrast µCT images to analyse fibre bed deformation and impregnation mechanism by staged consolidation of a weft-knitted fabric of commingled thermoplastic/glass yarns. The experimental work is focused on the effect of the compaction ratio of the consolidation cycle. Absorption-based µCT analyses are conducted for representative samples using a voxel size of 10 µm and a constant energy-level of the X-rays source. Preliminary qualitative analyses of the raw reconstructed images indicate that beam hardening is the most significant in the case of the non-consolidated sample and that partial volume effect makes it difficult to visually distinguish between dry and impregnated zones inside the yarns at a compaction ratio of 63%. Thus, two image-quality descriptors, viz. contrast and signal-to-noise ratio are evaluated based on the K-means clustering method to follow their variation for four consolidation levels. The corresponding volume fractions of glass fibres, thermoplastic matrix and voids are compared with the results of a second weight-controlled thresholding method. Considering that the weight-controlled thresholding method is less sensitive to beam hardening, it is confirmed that obtaining reliable segmentation results based on the K-means method requires a contrast around 0.5 and signal-to-noise ratio lower than 3. The results from the comparison with the classical consolidation scenario of commingled yarns confirm the potential of using µCT images of different qualities to characterize partially consolidated weft-knitted fabrics.
Heterotopic ossification after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (2016)

HO after reverse shoulder arthroplasty is a non-progressive condition without long-term clinical consequences. Only grade 2 HO is clinically relevant with a negative effect on the function of the shoulder during its development. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1215-21.
Bilateral filtering for video coding (2017)

This paper proposes the use of a bilateral filter as a coding tool for video compression. The filter is applied after transform and reconstruction, and the filtered result is used both for output as well as for spatial and temporal prediction. The implementation is based on a look-up table (LUT), making it fast enough to give a reasonable trade-off between complexity and compression efficiency. By varying the center filter coefficient and avoiding storing zero LUT entries, it is possible to reduce the size of the LUT to 2202 bytes. It is also demonstrated that the filter can be implemented without divisions, which is important for full custom ASIC implementations. The method has been implemented and tested according to the common test conditions in JEM version 5.0.1. For still images, or intra frames, we report a 0.4% bitrate reduction with a complexity increase of 6% in the encoder and 5% in the decoder. For video, we report a 0.5% bitrate reduction with a complexity increase of 3% in the encoder and 0% in the decoder.
The effect of glycols on the hydrophile‐lipophile balance and the micelle formation of nonionic surfactants (1982)

ABSTRACT The empirical hydrophile‐liophile balance (HLB) value of nonionic surfactants is an important parameter used to predict performance as, e.g., emulsifiers, solubilizers and wetting agents. However, the HLB value is based on an original molecular structure and does not take into account all the factors affecting the performance of nonionics, such as presence of additives, type of solvent, temperature, degree of hydration, structural modifications of the surfactant molecule and decomposition of surfactants. On a performance basis, where these factors come into play, a given nonionic surfactant may exhibit a multiplicity of apparent HLB values. Accordingly, we recently introduced the term “effective HLB value” which is a performance value which incorporates into the HLB the parameters listed above. The HLB value thus becomes a variable depending on the physical and chemical conditions at the time of the measurement. In this work, we investigated the effect of adding glycols and diglycols on the HLB using 3 different methods: cloud point, phenol index and critical micelle concentration (cmc). We found that this type of additive increases the cloud point, phenol index, cmc and the “effective HLB” of a polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactant. The effectiveness of the glycols in causing these increases was in the following order; dipropylene glycol &gt; 1,4‐butanediol &gt; 1,2‐propanediol &gt; diethylene glycol &gt; ethylene glycol. The solvent effect of glycols and diglycols on the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions of the surfactant molecule are discussed. On the hydrocarbon part of the surfactant molecule, the solvents cause a weakening of the hydrophobic bond and an increase in the cmc. On the polyoxyethylene part of the molecule, the solvent may cause either an increase or a decrease in the cmc. The effect on the hydro‐philic portion is related to hydrogen bonding exhibited by the additives. The results obtained again suggest that the effective HLB value, which is a measure of the HLB under operative conditions, may be of greater practical significance than calculated HLB.
범죄의 비양립적 관계의 구성과 효과 - 법조경합 ·상상적 경합과의 비교를 통해서 (2018)

대법원이 언급한 비양립적 관계를 법조경합, 상상적 경합과의 비교를 통해 그 의미와 성립요건을 분석한 결과 비양립적 범죄는 법조경합과 상상적 경합의 중간 형태에 있다고 말할 수 있다. 이를 도표화 하면 다음과 같다.
법조경합과 비양립적 관계는 하나의 법적 평가가 내려진다는 점에서 동일하지만, 법조경합은 하나 또는 복수의 행위를 전제로 한다는 점에서 하나의 사실관계를 전제로 하는 비양립적 관계와 구별된다.
또한 상상적 경합과 비양립적 관계는 하나의 행위(사실관계)를 전제로 한다는 점에서 동일하지만, 상상적 경합은 복수의 구성요건에 해당하는 수죄이지만, 비양립적 관계는 하나의 구성요건에 해당하는 일죄라는 점에서 구별된다.
 
대법원 2017. 2. 15. 선고 2016도15226 판결 : 외형상으로는 공소사실의 기초가 되는 피고인의 일련의 행위가 여러 개의 범죄에 해당되는 것 같지만 [합쳐져서 하나의 사회적 사실관계를 구성]하는 경우에 그에 대한 법률적 평가는 하나밖에 성립되지 않는 관계, 즉 일방의 범죄가 성립되는 때에는 타방의 범죄는 성립할 수 없고, 일방의 범죄가 무죄로 될 경우에만 타방의 범죄가 성립할 수 있는 비양립적인 관계가 있을 수 있다.
아파트 소유권자인 피고인이 가등기권리자 갑에게 아파트에 관한 소유권이전청구권가등기를 말소해 주면 대출은행을 변경한 후 곧바로 다시 가등기를 설정해 주겠다고 속여 가등기를 말소하게 하여 재산상 이익을 편취하고, 가등기를 회복해 줄 임무에 위배하여 아파트에 제3자 명의로 근저당권 및 전세권설정등기를 마침으로써 갑에게 손해를 가하였다고 하여 사기 및 배임으로 기소된 사안에서, 사기죄를 인정하는 이상 비양립적 관계에 있는 배임죄는 별도로 성립하지 않는다고 본 원심판단이 정당하다.
대법원 2011. 5. 13. 선고 2011도1442 판결 : 피고인이 피해자 갑에게서 돈을 빌리면서 담보 명목으로 을에 대한 채권을 양도하였는데도 을에게 채권양도 통지를 하기 전에 이를 추심하여 임의로 소비한 사안에서, 차용금 편취의 점과 담보로 양도한 채권을 추심하여 임의 소비한 횡령의 점은 양도된 채권의 가치, 채권양도에 관한 피고인의 진정성 등의 사정에 따라 비양립적인 관계라 할 것이어서, 이러한 사정을 심리하여 피고인의 위 일련의 행위가 그 중 어느 죄에 해당하는지를 가렸어야 할 것인데도, 사기죄 및 횡령죄를 모두 인정한 원심판단에 법리오해 및 심리미진의 위법이 있다고 한 사례.
Quadratic Programming in Mechanics: Dynamics of One-Sided Constraints (1966)

International audience
Institutional Cost of Unplanned 30-Day Readmission Following Open and Endovascular Surgery (2016)

The cost of index hospitalization and 30-day unplanned readmission are similar for open and endovascular procedures. Readmitted patients had a higher mean index hospitalization cost irrespective of open or endovascular procedure.
Compatibility testing using patterns-based trace comparison (2014)

When composing a system from components, we need to ensure that the components are compatible. This is commonly achieved by components interacting only via published and well-defined interfaces. Even so, it is possible for client components to learn about and depend on unpublished yet observable behaviors of components. To identify and support these situations, compatibility testing should uncover such observable behaviors.
High resolution patterning of high T c superconductors (1991)

A novel method for submicron patterning of high Tc superconductor thin films is presented. Specifically, we describe the patterning of the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) on single crystal SrTiO3 wafers by a selective epitaxy approach. A silicon nitride template is formed on the SrTiO3 using electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching. A thin film of YBCO is then deposited on the wafer, e.g., by laser ablation. Selective epitaxy occurs during the deposition process, the YBCO film grows epitaxially on SrTiO3, while the film depositing on the nitride forms insulating clusters. Good epitaxial films and patterns have been obtained as-deposited without the need for further annealing or other process steps. Lines as narrow as 130 nm have been fabricated which show no significant decrease in Tc as compared with the original blanket film.
A Multimode/Multiband Power Amplifier With a Boosted Supply Modulator (2010)

A multimode/multiband power amplifier (PA) with a boosted supply modulator is developed for handset applications. A linear broadband class-F amplifier is designed to have a constant fundamental impedance across 1.7-2 GHz and its second and third harmonic impedances are located at the high-efficiency area. To reduce the circuit size for handset application, the harmonic control circuits are merged into the broadband output matching circuit for the fundamental frequency. An envelope-tracking operation delivers high efficiency for the overall power. The linearity is improved by envelope tracking (ET) through intermodulation-distortion sweet-spot tracking at the maximum output power level. The efficiency and bandwidth (BW) are enhanced by a boosted supply modulator. Multimode operation is achieved by an ET technique with a programmable hysteresis control and automatic switching current adaptation of the hybrid supply modulator. For demonstration purpose, the PA and supply modulator are implemented using an InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor and a 65-nm CMOS process. For a long-term evolution signal, the envelope-tracking (ET) PA delivers a power-added efficiency (PAE) and an error vector magnitude of 33.3%-39% and 2.5%-3.5%, respectively, at an average power of 27.8 dBm across 1.7-2 GHz. For a wideband code-division multiple-access signal across 1.7-2 GHz, the ET PA performs a PAE, an ACLR1, and an ACLR2 of 40%-46.3%, from -39 to -42.5 dBc, and -51 to -58 dBc, respectively, at an average output power of 30.1 dBm. The ET PA with an EDGE signal delivers a PAE, an ACPR1, and an ACPR2 of 37%-42%, from -56.5 to -59.3 dBc, and -63.5 to -69.5 dBc, respectively, at an average power of 28 dBm across the 300-MHz BW. These results show that the proposed design achieves highly efficient and linear power amplification for multimode/multiband wireless communication applications.
Laminopathies disrupt epigenomic developmental programs and cell fate (2016)

The nuclear envelope protein lamin A is encoded by thelamin A/C(LMNA) gene, which can contain missense mutations that cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) (p.R453W). We fused mutated forms of the lamin A protein to bacterial DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) to define euchromatic-heterochromatin (epigenomic) transitions at the nuclear envelope during myogenesis (using DamID-seq). Lamin A missense mutations disrupted appropriate formation of lamin A-associated heterochromatin domains in an allele-specific manner-findings that were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation-DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) in murine H2K cells and DNA methylation studies in fibroblasts from muscular dystrophy patient who carried a distinctLMNAmutation (p.H222P). Observed perturbations of the epigenomic transitions included exit from pluripotency and cell cycle programs [euchromatin (open, transcribed) to heterochromatin (closed, silent)], as well as induction of myogenic loci (heterochromatin to euchromatin). In muscle biopsies from patients with either a gain- or change-of-functionLMNAgene mutation or a loss-of-function mutation in theemeringene, both of which cause EDMD, we observed inappropriate loss of heterochromatin formation at theSox2pluripotency locus, which was associated with persistent mRNA expression ofSox2 Overexpression ofSox2inhibited myogenic differentiation in human immortalized myoblasts. Our findings suggest that nuclear envelopathies are disorders of developmental epigenetic programming that result from altered formation of lamina-associated domains.
The Hsp90 Isoform‐Selective Inhibitor KUNG65 Enhances Opioid Anti‐Nociception while Reducing Tolerance (2021)

Opioids are the gold standard for pain management, however, adverse side effects like respiratory depression and addiction limit their viability. One approach to improve opioid therapy focuses on a dose‐reduction strategy by amplifying opioid analgesia without boosting side effects, so that less opioid can be given. To this end, we've focused on Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a central protein regulator in the cell; ongoing studies from our lab have shown that inhibition of Hsp90 in the spinal cord improves morphine anti‐nociceptive potency by 2‐3 fold in acute and chronic pain while reducing tolerance, rescuing established tolerance, and not changing reward and constipation, enabling a dose‐reduction strategy. However, our results also showed that non‐selective Hsp90 inhibitors given systemically (intravenous, IV) have the opposite effect, blocking opioid pain relief. Seeking a means to surmount this roadblock, we determined which Hsp90 isoforms regulate opioid pain relief in brain and spinal cord in mice using selective small molecule inhibitors and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. We found that Hsp90α alone regulated opioid signaling and pain relief in the brain. However, in the spinal cord, we found that the isoforms Hsp90α, Hsp90β, and Grp94 all regulated opioid signaling and pain relief. This led to our hypothesis that targeting spinal cord Hsp90 with isoform‐selective inhibitors given IV could boost opioid pain relief without altering side effects, enabling a dose‐reduction strategy. We tested this hypothesis with the novel Grp94‐selective inhibitor KUNG65, given at a 1 mg/kg dose IV in male and female CD‐1 mice, followed by a 24 hr treatment time, then analysis of opioid anti‐nociception and side effects. We found that systemic (IV) KUNG65 treatment resulted in a 1.9 fold increase in morphine potency to relieve tail flick pain, consistent with our earlier studies injecting inhibitor directly into spinal cord. We also found that KUNG65 boosted morphine potency in paw incision pain, with a 2.2 fold increase. Additionally, we found that KUNG65 injection could rescue established morphine tolerance in the tail flick assay, again as we found for direct spinal cord injection. These results support our hypothesis that isoform‐selective Hsp90 inhibitors can selectively engage Hsp90 in the spinal cord when given systemically, resulting in improved opioid anti‐nociception and side effects. These results strongly suggest that Hsp90 isoform‐selective inhibitors could be a powerful new tool to improve opioid therapy through a dose‐reduction strategy, and further show that this effect can be achieved through a translationally relevant dosing route.
The applicability of CPP-GMR for over 100 Gbpsi (2003)

Summary form only given. CIP-GMR (Current In-Plane GMR) film with 15-20% MR ratio could be applied to around 100 Gbpsi but it seems there are no major candidates for recording density over 100 Gbpsi. Now the most probable candidate i.e. the TMR (tunneling MR) head seems doubtful in terms of scalability toward the over 100 Gbpsi region because of its much higher resistance than CIP-GMR heads. We discuss the applicability of CPP-GMR (Current Perpendicular to Plane GMR), which is another candidate, for over 100 Gbpsi with simulation results and some experiment results.
Data from iNOS Expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Limits Treg Induction by Repressing TGFβ1: Combined iNOS Inhibition and Treg Depletion Unmask Endogenous Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in different cellular compartments may have divergent effects on immune function. We used a syngeneic tumor model to functionally characterize the role of iNOS in regulation of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; regulatory T cells (Treg), and optimize the beneficial effects of iNOS inhibition on antitumor immunity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Wild-type (WT) or iNOS knockout mice bearing established MT-RET-1 melanoma were treated with the small-molecule iNOS inhibitor L-NIL and/or cyclophosphamide alone or in combination. The effect of iNOS inhibition or knockout on induction of Treg from mouse and human CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; culture was determined in parallel in the presence or absence of TGFβ1-depleting antibodies, and TGFβ1 levels were assessed by ELISA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Whereas intratumoral myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were suppressed by iNOS inhibition or knockout, systemic and intratumoral FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Treg levels increased in tumor-bearing mice. iNOS inhibition or knockout similarly enhanced induction of Treg from activated cultured mouse splenocytes or purified human or mouse CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in a TGFβ1-dependent manner. Although either iNOS inhibition or Treg depletion with low-dose cyclophosphamide alone had little effect on growth of established MT-RET1 melanoma, combination treatment potently inhibited MDSC and Treg, boosted tumor-infiltrating CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell levels, and arrested tumor growth in an immune-dependent fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; iNOS expression in CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells suppresses Treg induction by inhibiting TGFβ1 production. Our data suggest that iNOS expression has divergent effects on induction of myeloid and lymphoid-derived regulatory populations, and strongly support development of combinatorial treatment approaches that target these populations simultaneously. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(24); 6439–51. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Analysis of recovery in a database system using a write-ahead log protocol (1992)

In this paper we examine the recovery time in a database system using a Write-Ahead Log protocol, such as ARIES [9], under the assumption that the buffer replacement policy is strict LRU. In particular, analytical equations for log read time, data I/O, log application, and undo processing time are presented. Our initial model assumes a read/write ratio of one, and a uniform access pattern. This is later generalized to include different read/write ratios, as well as a “hot set” model (i.e. x% of the accesses go to y% of the data). We show that in the uniform access model, recovery is dominated by data I/O costs, but under extreme hot-set conditions, this may no longer be true. Furthermore, since we derive anaytical equations, recovery can be analyzed for any set of parameter conditions not discussed here.