gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Use of digital micromirror devices in quantitative microscopy</title> (1998)

There are numerous modes of microscopy such as brightfield, darkfield, phase contrast, fluorescence, reflected light, confocal, etc. All of these forms of microscopy deliver illumination light in a controlled fashion to the object to be examined and collect as much light containing the desired information as possible. The majority of these methods use appropriately placed and formed diaphragms (iris, pin hole, annulus, etc.) and lenses to control both the incident angles of the illumination light and its intensity as well as the size and location of the illuminated area in the sample. Usually these diaphragms are a simple iris or annulus and are almost always static. The novel aspect of the system being presented is to replace these simple mechanical diaphragms with digital micro mirror devices (<SUP>1</SUP>DMDs made by Texas Instruments) to allow for more precise, flexible control over the transmission behavior of these optical planes. By placing DMDs in the same plane (actual or conjugate) as that of the field iris, illumination aperture iris (condenser diaphragm), objective lens aperture stop, and field stop, one has the ability to rapidly switch between brightfield, darkfield, confocal and reconstruction microscopy. In addition because of the intensity modulating features of DMDs, one can create a uniform illumination distributions in the sample or a non- uniform distribution.
von Willebrand Factor (vWf) as a Plasma Marker of Endothelial Activation in Diabetes: Improved Reliability with Parallel Determination of the vWf Propeptide (vWf:AgII) (1998)

Elevated plasma von Willebrand factor (vWf) levels are found in diabetes and other vasculopathies, and predict cardiovascular mortality. vWf is stored and released from endothelial cell secretory granules, along with equimolar amounts of its propeptide (vWf:AgII). In the present study, we examined plasma propeptide levels as a marker of endothelial secretion in vivo, using an ELISA based on monoclonal antibodies. vWf but not propeptide levels are influenced by blood groups, explaining in part the smaller variation in plasma propeptide levels among normal individuals. In both controls and insulin-dependent diabetic patients, we found a close correlation between propeptide and immunoreactive vWf levels (r2=0.54, p <0.0001). vWf and propeptide were elevated in patient subgroups with microalbuminuria or overt diabetic nephropathy, whereas only the propeptide was significantly elevated in the normoalbuminuric subgroup. This observation suggests that in conjunction with vWf, propeptide measurements may improve the identification of endothelial activation, which occurs frequently even without increased urinary albumin excretion. In 12 NIDDM patients, a 3-week diet enriched in monounsaturated fat (MUFA) resulted in parallel decreases in vWf (-22%, p <0.05) and propeptide (-17%, p <0.05) levels, indicating that the experimental diet affected endothelial secretion rather than vWf catabolism. A carbohydrate-enriched control diet did not significantly influence either marker. Our results suggest that concomitant determinations of plasma vWf and propeptide are useful tools to assess endothelial activation in vivo, and reinforce our previous conclusion that a diet rich in MUFA can improve endothelial function in NIDDM.
Monolayers of a Fourth-Generation Thiol-Terminated Dendrimer (2002)

A fourth-generation dendrimer with 96 thiol functions at its periphery (G4-SH) is used to generate monolayers on various substrates. Whereas gold surfaces tend to organize the approximately 7−8 nm molecules as islands, on mica surfaces G4-SH gives a filament-like pattern that changes to islands in the course of 24 h. Closed monolayers could be gained on silicon by using a special experimental set up. AFM has been applied to show more or less defect free areas of up to 25 μm2. The height was determined and found to be reduced by about 70% compared with the size in solution due to the loss of solvent.
STUDIES ON THE GELATIN-LIQUEFYING PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN BACTERIA (1950)

The gelatin film test for the demonstration of gelatin-liquefaction of bacterial cultures and stool suspensions is described. This test may aid in the identification of gelatin-liquefying bacteria, particularly members of the Pseudomonas and Proteus groups. One hundred and seventy-nine strains of bacteria were tested. Positive results were obtained with Ps. aeruginosa, P. ammoniae and some strains of P. morgani. Negative results were obtained with 24 hour cultures of Staph. aureus hemolyticus and Esch. coli. This test may be positive in dilutions of 24 hour broth cultures of gelatin-liquefying bacteria as high as 1:100,000 with an average of 1:200. The average number of such bacteria found necessary to give a positive gelatin film test is 960,000/2 drops of test solution (varying from 80,000 to 360 million). Bacteriologically sterile Seitz filtrates of gelatin-liquefying bacteria also gave positive gelatin film tests in high dilutions. A mixture of gelatin-liquefying bacteria with saline suspensions of feces gave positive tests. Stool cultures of four and duodenal cultures of three proved cases of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas revealed heavy growth of gelatin-liquefying bacteria. All these specimens gave positive gelatin film tests. The presence of aureomycin in the stool (in concentrations of up to 1 mg./cc.) does not inactivate bacterial gelatinase. The fact that bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract may give a positive gelatin film liquefaction test makes mandatory the re-evalution of the positive feces "x-ray" tests for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas. To avoid false positive gelatin film tests, the results of the test should be correlated with the presence or absence of gelatinliquefying bacteria.
Comparative controlled trial of a novel oral estrogen therapy, estradiol acetate, for relief of menopause symptoms (2005)

Estradiol acetate 0.9 mg was comparable to 1 mg of estradiol and 0.625 mg of conjugated equine estrogens in reducing the number and severity of vasomotor and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women. Oral estradiol acetate was well tolerated.
Catastrophic extraction of anomalous events (2012)

In this paper we discuss extraction of anomalous events based on the theory of catastrophes, a mathematical theory of continuous geometrical manifolds with discrete singularities called catastrophes. Intelligence exploitation systems and technologies include such novel data mining techniques as automatic extraction of discrete anomalous events by software algorithms based on the theory of catastrophes, that can reduce complex problems to a few essential so-called state variables. This paper discusses mostly corank-1 catastrophes with only one state variable, for simplicity. As an example we discuss mostly avionics platforms and catastrophic failures that can be recorded by flight instruments.
Neuromonitoring with pulse-train stimulation for implantation of thoracic pedicle screws: a blinded and randomized clinical study. Part 1. Methods and alarm criteria (2014)

This novel neuromonitoring approach accurately predicts medially malpositioned thoracic screws. The approach could be readily implemented within any surgical program that is already using contemporary neuromonitoring methods that include transcranial stimulation for monitoring motor evoked potentials.
User-Generated Content Creation and Dissemination in Rural Areas (2010)

A majority of the world’s population does not have access to the Internet. Therefore, there is a need for a simple and affordable interaction technology that can enable easy content creation and dissemination for this population. In this paper, we present the design, development, and usage pattern of a VoiKiosk system that provides a voice-based kiosk solution for people in rural areas. This system is accessible by phone and thus meets the affordability and low-literacy requirements. We present usability results gathered from usage by more than 6,000 villagers during nine months of the field deployment of the system. The field experiments and post-pilot feedback suggest the importance of locally-created content in their own language for this population. The system provides interesting insights about the manner in which this community can create and manage information. Based on the use of the system in the nine months, the VoiKiosk also suggests a mechanism to enable social networking for the rural population.
Integrin expression on chondrocytes: correlations with the degree of cartilage damage in human osteoarthritis. (1997)

This study provides evidence of the existence of beta 1 integrins on the surface of chondrocytes from human OA cartilage, all of the alpha chains being represented, although in different percentages. Moreover, an inverse correlation was demonstrated between the severity of the anatomical changes found in the zones and the phenotypic/metabolic changes of the cells. These results, together with the well known inside-out signaling function of the adhesion molecules, highlight the key role of matrix interactions in the pathogenesis of the anatomic changes in OA.
Approaching Perfect Light Incoupling in Perovskite and Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells by Moth Eye Surface Textures (2018)

Abstract Solar cells with increased short‐circuit current density and energy conversion efficiency can be realized by integrating moth eye textures in the design of perovskite and amorphous silicon thin film solar cells. Broadband light incoupling in solar cells can be achieved by using hexagonally arranged arrays of nipples or domes with parabolically shaped surface profiles. The moth eye surface texture represents a refractive index grating that allows for an efficient incoupling of light in the solar cell while minimizing reflection losses. The light incoupling is studied for perovskite and amorphous silicon solar cells. Perovskite has a rather low refractive index of ≈2.5, while amorphous silicon exhibits a refractive index of ≈4.5 comparable to that of crystalline silicon. Due to largely different refractive indices, different device designs must be selected to allow for an efficient light incoupling in the solar cell. 3D finite‐difference time‐domain simulations are used for the optical modeling. Design guidelines are provided on how to realize perovskite and silicon thin film solar cells with high quantum efficiency and short‐circuit current by using moth eye textures.
Synergic effects of oxygen supply and antioxidants on pancreatic β-cell spheroids (2019)

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders, and is characterized by the inability to secrete/sense insulin and abnormal blood glucose concentration. Many researchers have concentrated their efforts on improving islet transplantation, in particular by fabricating bioartificial pancreatic islets in vitro. One of the critical points for the success of this research direction is the improvement of culture conditions, such as oxygen supply, in the engineering of bioartificial pancreatic islets to ensure their viability and functionality after transplantation. In this work, we fabricated microwell spheroid culture devices made of oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), with which hypoxia in the core of bioartificial islets was alleviated and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was increased ~2.5-fold compared to a device with the same configuration but made of non-oxygen-permeable plastic. We also demonstrated that antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AA2P), could neutralize islet damage caused by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell culture environment. These results suggest that supply of oxygen together with removal of ROS may lead to a better approach to prepare highly viable and functional bioartificial pancreatic islets.
Use of energy transfer in luminescence analysis. Determination of aromatic carbonyl compounds (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of energy transfer in luminescence analysis. Determination of aromatic carbonyl compoundsSeth R. Abbott and David M. HerculesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 2, 171–176Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60284a037Request reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (631 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DT‐02‐05: MARKVCID PHASE II: PRIORITIZED CANDIDATE SMALL VESSEL VCID BIOMARKERS SELECTED FOR INDEPENDENT MULTI‐SITE TESTING AND VALIDATION (2018)

The World Health Organization reports that 47.5 million people are affected by dementia worldwide. The burden of illness due to dementia approaches crisis proportions. Evidence from epidemiology and pathology studies indicates that damage to the vascular system is associated with an increased risk of many types of dementia and neurodegeneration. The science of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) integrates diverse aspects of biology and incorporates the roles of multiple cell types that support the function of neural tissue including lipoprotein metabolism. The MarkVCID consortium, established by the NINDS/NIH in 2016 via 2 RFAs, develops and rigorously validates candidate biomarkers for small vessel VCID. The goal of the consortium is to deliver high-quality VCID biomarkers ready for use in large scale clinical trials. During phase I (years 1-2; year 2 is in presently in progress), biomarker development projects (sites), with support from the Coordinating Center, have established the consortium, including consortium agreements, best practices and standardized protocols, and have further developed candidate biomarkers. During phase II (years 3-5) the consortium sites will independently perform cross-site validation studies to further evaluate and develop biomarker candidates to readiness for large scale multi-site clinical validation studies and, if successful, for use in interventional clinical trials. To facilitate the transition from phase I to phase II, the seven sites recently nominated more than a dozen biomarker paradigms, including both fluid biomarkers and imaging biomarkers, designed to diagnose, determine risk for, monitor, and prognose small vessel VCID. After a selection process including input from the Coordinating Center on behalf of the MarkVCID consortium, an External Advisory Committee, and NINDS leadership, independent cross-site testing and validation of the most promising small vessel VCID biomarkers is scheduled to start in August of 2018. This late breaking abstract will report results of the currently active competition that will conclude in mid-July of 2018 and will determine which small vessel VCID biomarkers proposed by MarkVCID investigators will transition into phase II of the program for multi-site testing and validation by the consortium.
DENZO and SCALEPACK (2006)

This chapter uses the HKL package coordinate system to describe data algorithms and analysis. Data analysis makes specific assumptions which the collected data must, or at least should, satisfy. The description of data analysis and algorithms given here makes frequent references to the assumptions about the data and offers guidelines on how to make the experiment fulfil these assumptions. Topics covered include: diffraction from a perfect crystal lattice; autoindexing; coordinate systems; experimental assumptions; prediction of the diffraction pattern; detector diagnostics; multiplicative corrections (scaling); global refinement or post refinement; and graphical command centres.
Antimicrobial Treatments for Minimally Processed Cantaloupe Melon (2001)

ABSTRACT: Efficacy of decontamination treatments in reducing endogenous microbial populations on cantaloupe and in extending fresh‐cut shelf‐life were investigated. Composite rind plug samples were washed with water or solutions of sodium hypochlorite, H 2 O 2 , commercial detergent formulations containing dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid and phosphoric acid, or trisodium phosphate, and surviving microbial populations determined. Fresh‐cut cubes were prepared aseptically from whole melons given similar treatments, and their visual appearance and bacterial population determined during storage at 4 °C. Population reductions on washed rind plugs were &lt; 1 log with water, 1 to 2 logs with washing and sanitizing agents applied individually, and 3 logs with some sequential treatments with H 2 O 2 . H 2 O 2 applied at 50 °C was superior to other whole‐melon treatments, yielding a fresh‐cut shelf‐life of &gt; 2 weeks.
Probing the Mechanism of Insulin Fibril Formation with Insulin Mutants (2001)

The molecular basis of insulin fibril formation was investigated by studying the structural properties and kinetics of fibril formation of 20 different human insulin mutants at both low pH (conditions favoring monomer/dimer) and at pH 7.4 (conditions favoring tetramer/hexamer). Small-angle X-ray scattering showed insulin to be monomeric in 20% acetic acid, 0.1 M NaCl, pH 2. The secondary structure of the mutants was assessed using far-UV circular dichroism, and the tertiary structure was determined using near-UV circular dichroism, quenching of intrinsic fluorescence by acrylamide and interactions with the hydrophobic probe 1-anilino-8-naphthalene-sulfonic acid (ANS). The kinetics of fibril formation were monitored with the fluorescent dye, Thioflavin T. The results indicate that the monomer is the state from which fibrils arise, thus under some conditions dissociation of hexamers may be rate limiting or partially rate limiting. The insulin mutants were found to retain substantial nativelike secondary and tertiary structure under all conditions studied. The results suggest that fibril formation of the insulin mutants is controlled by specific molecular interactions that are sensitive to variations in the primary structure. The observed effects of several mutations on the rate of fibril formation are inconsistent with a previously suggested model for fibrillation [Brange, J., Whittingham, J., Edwards, D., Youshang, Z., Wollmer, A., Brandenburg, D., Dodson, G., and Finch, J. (1997) Curr. Sci. 72, 470-476]. Two surfaces on the insulin monomer are identified as potential interacting sites in insulin fibrils, one consisting of the residues B10, B16, and B17 and the other consisting of at least the residues A8 and B25. The marked increase in the lag time for fibril formation with mutations to more polar residues, as well as mutations to charged residues, demonstrates the importance of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in the initial stages of fibrillation. A model for insulin fibril formation is proposed in which the formation of a partially folded intermediate is the precursor for associated species on the pathway to fibril formation.
Stability analysis of converter-grid interaction using the converter input admittance (2007)

A grid-connected power electronic converter can cause local instabilities when interacting other subsystems-particularly poorly damped resonances-that are electrically nearby. However, oscillations at a certain frequency cannot build up due to the converter if its differential input admittance has positive conductance (real part) at that frequency, since power is then dissipated. Input-admittance expressions for a voltage-source converter are derived in this paper. By adjusting the controller parameters, the admittance can be shaped in order to get positive conductance in desired frequency regions.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Crystal Growth, Alkali Metal Ordering, and Superconductivity in La2‐xMxCuO4 (M: Na, K). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Effect of immunostimulation by Corynebacterium parvum on evolution and metastatic dissemination of Lewis's tumor in mouse C57BL/6 mice]. (1975)

Treatment with Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) produces a significant prolongation of survival time of Lewis tumor bearing animals and reduces strikingly the incidence of pulmonary metastasis in syngeneic C57Bl/6 mice. On the other hand, treatment with Imuran, a known immunodepressive agent, reduces survival time and facilitates metastatic dissemination in the same model.
Development and application of the mania rating guide (MRG) (2003)

In this article we present the development and application of the Mania Rating Guide (MRG), a semi-structured interview. This guide was created in order to assist the filling of three mania Scales: Mania Rating Scale, Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale and Clinician-Administered Rating Scale for Mania. The MRG consists of twenty-one Psychopathological Dimensions, that correspond to the Items of the original Scales, and are structured in Questions. The guide was applied to fifteen manic patients admitted in the Psychiatric Unit of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre. A psychiatrist interviewed them using the MRG, and the interviews were videotaped. Afterwards, three independent raters scored the Mania scales based on the films. The impression of the raters was that the MRG allows not only to easily score all the Items of the Scales but also to cover the wide spectrum of the symptomatological presentation of a manic syndrome.