gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low Impact Development Management Strategies for Wet Weather Flow (WWF) Control (2000)

Low Impact Development (LID) is rapidly being recognized as an ecologically sustainable and cost effective strategy to protect receiving waters from the water quality, volume, magnitude, and frequency effects of stormwater runoff. The LID strategy is based on creating hydrologically functional equivalent design features that replicate the pre-development conditions through the use of pollution prevention, precision engineering, and integrated micro-scale Best Management Practices (BMPs) that are distributed at a landscape level throughout a site. The use of this approach is rapidly gaining acceptance in suburban and developing areas. The use of micro-scale approaches in urban areas is limited in this country, although it has been successfully employed in many areas of Europe for a significant period of time. This paper presents the management strategies, protocols, and technological approaches that will incorporated in the development of an LID management strategy for the control of WWF in urban areas. This project is being funded by a grant through USEPA Region 3 and Office of Water and is being coordinated with other recent urban LID efforts that are currently taking place in the Washington, D.C. area.
Motion-compensated adaptive wavelet filtering for image sequence processing (2002)

The paper presents new approaches in the field of motion-compensated spatio-temporal filters applied to digital image sequences. In time-varying imagery, the temporal correlation information of pixel intensities is folded by motions which may originate from both camera and object displacements. Motion-compensated filters are defined as temporal filters applied along assumed motion trajectories. As a matter of fact, the paper deals with three-dimensional spatio-temporal filters and aims at generalizing the motion-compensated temporal filtering process as the product of two distinct operators. The first operator depends only on the estimated motion parameters derived from both motion-based image segmentations and parametric affine modelings of regions in motion. The second operator analyzes only the correlations of image-by-image intensities measured along the assumed motion trajectories. Multiresolution filters or wavelets may be consequently applied along the motion trajectories to produce optimum and adaptive resulting procedures for purposes like spatio-temporal prediction, interpolation and smoothing. In the paper, applications are provided to cover the field of image sequence coding and interpolation.
Relationship of Aluminum to Alzheimer's Disease (1985)

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive degenerative brain disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the development of large numbers of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the brain. Aluminum salts may be used experimentally to produce lesions which are similar, but not identical, to the neurofibrillary tangle. Although some studies have reported increased amounts of aluminum in the brains of Alzheimer's disease victims, these bulk analysis studies have been difficult to replicate and remain controversial. Using scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectrometry, we have investigated this question on the cellular level. We have identified abnormal accumulations of aluminum within neurons derived from Alzheimer's disease patients containing neurofibrillary tangles. Similar accumulations have been detected in the numerous neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neurons seen in the brains of the indigenous native population of the island of Guam who suffer from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism with dementia. Epidemiologic evidence strongly suggests a causal role for local environmental conditions relating to availability of aluminum, calcium, and magnesium. In view of the fact that a major consequence of acid rain is the liberation of large amounts of aluminum in bioavailable forms, concerns are raised about possible human health risks of this environmental phenomenon.
A Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric System (1983)

The principles for a system of roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis for experimental and clinical applications are presented. Only the positions of implanted reference markers in the investigated object are measured. Tantalum balls, 0.5 or 0.8 mm in diameter, are used as reference markers. Standard roentgen equipment, permitting simultaneous exposure from two roentgen tubes, is employed. The calibration equipment, a glass calibration cage containing radiopaque markers, introduces a rectangular laboratory coordinate system in the roentgen investigation. The calibration of the calibration equipment itself and the obtained methodologic accuracy in determining distances, volumes and movement parameters is described for various film/screen and marker combinations.
Properties of a Clostridium thermocellum Endoglucanase Produced in Escherichia coli (1986)

A cellulase gene of Clostridium thermocellum was transferred to Escherichia coli by molecular cloning with bacteriophage lambda and plasmid vectors and shown to be indentical with the celA gene. The celA gene product was purified from extracts of plasmid-bearing E. coli cells by heat treatment and chromatography on DEAE-Trisacryl. It was characterized as a thermophilic endo-beta-1,4-glucanase, the properties of which closely resemble those of endoglucanase A previously isolated from C. thermocellum supernatants. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the enzyme purified from E. coli exhibited two protein bands with molecular weights of 49,000 and 52,000. It had a temperature optimum at 75 degrees C and was stable for several hours at 60 degrees C. Endoglucanase activity was optimal between pH 5.5 and 6.5. The enzyme was insensitive against end product inhibition by glucose and cellobiose and remarkably resistant to the denaturing effects of detergents and organic solvents. It was capable of degrading, in addition to cellulosic substrates, glucans with alternating beta-1,4 and beta-1,3 linkages such as barley beta-glucan and lichenan.
Rotationsebulliometer, 1. Prüfung der Apparatur (1977)

Abstract A new pressure controlled twin‐ebulliometer without Cottrellpump is described. The apparatus is equipped with rotating vessels to establish complete equilibrium between liquid and vapour. The boiling temperature can be chosen by reducing the pressure by means of a pressure regulator in the range of 100–760 Torr . In SI‐Einheiten: 1 Torr=133,322 N/m 2 . The elevation of the boiling‐point is measured by two thermistors in a Wheatstone bridge circuit. Investigation of benzil and biphenyl in dilute benzene solution shows that the rotating ebulliometer permits operations within a boiling temperature range of 30–80°C. Measurements of polystyrene and poly(ethylene glycol) [poly(oxyethylene)] in benzene solution show that the rotating boiling vessel avoids the formation of foam. Therefore, the elevation of the boiling‐point of solutions of polymeric samples can be measured with this apparatus.
RFI in Mauritius (2016)

A group of Mauritian scientists are building a Low/Mid Frequency array called the Mauritius Deuterium Telescope (MDT) in Mauritius. Additionally, the country is one of the SKA partner countries and will host one or more nodes of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) project. To preserve current and future radio astronomical endeavors, it is critical that the radio frequency interference is monitored and regulated. This paper details the steps taken to monitor and identify Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) in the region of the Mauritius Radio Telescope site. Current RFI environment is studied. A monitoring observatory is set up to monitor the interference present at the host site. Results are acquired over a one year period. The conclusions show that our band of interest (320-330 MHz) is safe from external interferences but the observatory self generates RFIs which need to be removed. Improvements to the current monitoring set-up are also mentioned.
Aperture fields of an array of rectangular apertures (1962)

This paper presents a rigorous formulation of the boundary value problem posed by an electromagnetic wave incident upon a plane screen containing a doubly periodic array of rectangular apertures. The differential-integral equation method of Copson is employed to derive integral equations in the components of the aperture field. These are then solved approximately for normally incident plane-wave excitation. A numerical solution is obtained for square apertures which is valid over the aperture resonance region, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">kd \approx 1.5</tex> . Values of scattering cross section and plots of the aperture field are presented for aperture sizes larger, smaller, and near resonant dimensions. The effect of singularities of the aperture field near the edges is discussed.
Breast cancer treatment, BMI, post-op swelling/lymphoedema. (2008)

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of post-breast cancer lymphoedema is difficult because of inconsistent measurement approaches, measurement reliability and validity, and lymphoedema definition and criterion. AIMS: To examine lymphoedema occurrence using a body mass index (BMI)-adjusted limb volume change (LVC) as a potentially sensitive alternative criterion for assessment and diagnosis of lymphoedema. Secondary aims were to examine the risk of lymphoedema occurrence in relation to post-operative swelling and limb dominance and the cancer-affected side. METHODS: The volume calculated from circumferences of 193 breast cancer survivors was used to analyse lymphoedema assessment. A change ≥5% in affected-arm volume over percent change in BMI in comparison to pre-operative baseline was considered indicative of lymphoedema. RESULTS: For all participants, 63% met the 5% BMI-adjusted LVC criterion. Dominant limb and cancer-affected side were significantly related to lymphoedema occurrence only in those whose BMI ≥30 (p=0.02), while post-operative swelling significantly increased the lymphoedema risk irrespective of BMI (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed 5% BMI-adjusted LVC criterion provides a more sensitive estimation of post-breast cancer lymphoedema occurrence.
TNF-α differentially regulates cell cycle genes in promyelocytic and granulocytic HL-60/S4 cells (2018)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a potent cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and immune modulation. Signaling responses that involve TNF-α are context dependent and capable of stimulating pathways promoting both cell death and survival. TNF-α treatment has been investigated as part of a combined therapy for acute myeloid leukemia due to its modifying effects on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) mediated differentiation into granulocytes. To investigate the interaction between cellular differentiation and TNF-α, we performed RNA-sequencing on two forms of the human HL-60/S4 promyelocytic leukemia cell line treated with TNF-α. The ATRA-differentiated granulocytic form of HL-60/S4 cells had an enhanced transcriptional response to TNF-α treatment compared to the undifferentiated promyelocytes. The observed TNF-α responses included differential expression of cell cycle gene sets, which were generally upregulated in TNF-α treated promyelocytes, and downregulated in TNF-α treated granulocytes. This is consistent with TNF-α induced cell cycle repression in granulocytes and cell cycle progression in promyelocytes. Moreover, comparisons with gene expression changes associated with differentiation indicated that TNF-α treatment of granulocytes shifts the transcriptome towards that of a macrophage. We conclude that TNF-α treatment promotes a divergent transcriptional program in promyelocytes and granulocytes. TNF-α promotes cell cycle associated gene expression in promyelocytes. In contrast, TNF-α stimulated granulocytes have reduced cell cycle gene expression, and a macrophage-like transcriptional program.
Triple Modular Redundancy with Standby (TMRSB) Supporting Dynamic Resource Reconfiguration (2006)

A fault tolerance model called triple modular redundancy with standby (TMRSB) is developed which combines the two popular fault tolerance techniques of triple modular redundancy (TMR) and standby (SB) fault tolerance. In TMRSB systems, each module of a TMR arrangement has access to several independent standby configurations. When a fault is detected in a module's active configuration, the physical resources within that module are re-mapped to restore the desired fault-free functionality by reconfiguring the resource pool to one of the standby configurations. A mathematic model for TMRSB systems is developed for field programmable gate array (FPGA) logic devices. Simulation of the model was also performed using the BlockSim reliability software tool which takes into account the reconfiguration time overheads and an imperfect switching mechanism. With component time-to-failure following an exponential distribution throughout long mission duration, the range of operation over which TMRSB is superior to a standby system and a TMR system is shown.
Speculation-based techniques for transactional lock-free execution of lock-based programs (2002)

This thesis is motivated by the difficulty in writing correct high-performance programs. Writing shared-memory multithreaded programs imposes a complex trade-off between programming ease and performance, largely due to subtleties in coordinating access to shared data. To ensure correctness programmers often rely on conservative locking at the expense of performance. The resulting serialization of threads is a performance bottleneck. Locks also interact poorly with scheduling and faults. 
We seek to improve multithreaded programming trade-offs by providing architectural support for optimistic lock-free execution. In a lock-free execution, shared objects are never locked when accessed by various threads. We propose two hardware techniques: Speculative Lock Elision and Transactional Lock Removal. 
Speculative Lock Elision (SLE) is a micro-architectural technique to remove dynamically-unnecessary lock-induced serialization. The key insight is that locks don't always have to be acquired for a correct execution. Synchronization instructions are predicted as being unnecessary and elided. This allows multiple threads to concurrently execute critical sections protected by the same lock. Misspeculation due to inter-thread data conflicts is detected using existing cache mechanisms and rollback is used for recovery. Successful elision is validated and committed without acquiring the lock and non-conflicting critical sections execute and commit concurrently without serialization on the lock. SLE can be implemented entirely in the microarchitecture without instruction-set support and system-level modifications, is transparent to programmers, and requires trivial additional hardware support. 
Transactional Lock Removal (TLR) uses SLE as an enabling mechanism but in addition provides successful lock-free execution of lock-based critical sections in the presence of data conflicts if sufficient resources are available for buffering speculative state. TLR elides locks using SLE to construct an optimistic lock-free critical section execution but in addition also uses a timestamp-based conflict resolution scheme to provide lock-free execution even in the presence of data conflicts. By treating lock-free critical sections as lock-free transactions, TLR provides transactional properties to critical sections and by using timestamps also provides starvation freedom. 
Benefits of SLE and TLR include improved programmability, stability, and performance. Programmers can obtain benefits of lock-free data structures, such as non-blocking and wait-free behavior, while using lock-protected critical sections for writing programs.
Predicting a vehicle or pedestrian's next move with neural networks (2003)

For a given digitized view of a driving scenario, motion clusters are formed, indicating possible moving object threats to the driver. Recurrent neural networks minimize hopping between clusters and predict a cluster's next location. Frequency analysis then categorizes as significant motion, and then as either head-on/away or transverse motion.
Longitudinal alterations in brain morphometry mediated the effects of bullying victimization on cognitive development in preadolescents. (2023)

Bullying victimization is associated with a doubled risk of attempting suicide in adulthood. Two longitudinal brain morphometry studies identified the fusiform gyrus and putamen as vulnerable to bullying. No study identified how neural alterations may mediate the effect of bullying on cognition. We assessed participants with caregiver-reported bullying (N = 323) and matched non-bullied controls (N = 322) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study dataset to identify changes in brain morphometry associated with ongoing bullying victimization over two years and determine whether such alterations mediated the effect of bullying on cognition. Bullied children (38.7% girls, 47.7% racial minorities, 9.88 ± 0.62 years at baseline) had poorer cognitive performance (P < 0.05), larger right hippocampus (P = 0.036), left entorhinal cortex, left superior parietal cortex, and right fusiform gyrus volumes (all P < 0.05), as well as larger surface areas in multiple other frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Thinner cortices were also found in the left hemisphere, particularly in the left temporal lobe, and right frontal region (all P < 0.05). Importantly, larger surface area in the fusiform cortices partially suppressed (12-16%), and thinner precentral cortices partially mitigated, (7%) the effect of bullying on cognition (P < 0.05). These findings highlight the negative impact of prolonged bullying victimization on brain morphometry and cognition.
Nearest Neighbor-based Importance Weighting (2021)

Importance weighting is widely applicable in machine learning in general and in techniques dealing with data covariate shift problems in particular. A novel, direct approach to determine such importance weighting is presented. It relies on a nearest neighbor classification scheme and is relatively straightforward to implement. Comparative experiments on various classification tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our so-called nearest neighbor weighting (NNeW) scheme. Considering its performance, our procedure can act as a simple and effective baseline method for importance weighting.
SOME NOVEL COLOR REACTIONS OF SOME PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOME NOVEL COLOR REACTIONS OF SOME PYRIDINE DERIVATIVESRAYMOND P. MARIELLA, JOHN J. CALLAHAN, and ABBAS O. JIBRILCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 12, 1721–1728Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01364a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01364a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Low-Complexity GA-WSF Algorithm for Narrow-Band DOA Estimation (2018)

This paper proposes a low-complexity estimation algorithm for weighted subspace fitting (WSF) based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in the problem of narrow-band direction-of-arrival (DOA) finding. Among various solving techniques for DOA, WSF is one of the highest estimation accuracy algorithms. However, its criteria is a multimodal nonlinear multivariate optimization problem. As a result, the computational complexity of WSF is very high, which prevents its application to real systems. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is considered as an effective algorithm for finding the global solution of WSF. However, conventional GA usually needs a big population size to cover the whole searching space and a large number of generations for convergence, which means that the computational complexity is still high. To reduce the computational complexity of WSF, this paper proposes an improved Genetic algorithm. Firstly a hypothesis technique is used for a rough DOA estimation for WSF. Then, a dynamic initialization space is formed around this value with an empirical function. Within this space, a smaller population size and smaller amount of generations are required. Consequently, the computational complexity is reduced. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in comparison to many existing algorithms.
Optimization and validation of spectrophotometric determination of glucosamine in dosage Form with sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (2018)

A rapid, sensitive and simple optimized spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of Glucosamine (GL) based on reaction of GL with sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) in alkaline medium forming orange colored product which measured at 451 nm. The method optimization was essential as many procedural parameters influenced the efficiency and reproducibility of the derivatization process including the reaction time, reaction temperature,NQS concentration, alkali concentration and solvents. The objective of our study was to optimize and validate a spectrophotometric method using the reaction of GL with NQS for determining GL in dosage form. The factors that may influence the efficiency and reproducibility of the derivatization process were identified and optimized. The proposed method was validated and successfully applied for the analysis of GL in dosage form. Statistical comparison of the results of the proposed method with the reference method showed excellent agreement and proved that no significant difference in the accuracy and precision. The developed method is easy to use, accurate and least cost-effective for routine studies relative to HPLC and other techniques
Termination Optimization for 4H-Sic p-i-n Diodes (2006)

As shown by the progresses made in recent years, SiC is an excellent semiconductor material for high frequency-high power applications. Devices required to operate at high voltage levels face the problem of high peak electric field in the vicinity of the junction edge due to electric field lines crowding. This paper is concerned with the termination optimization by 2D simulation of 4H-SiC diodes for microwave applications. For simulation purpose a comprehensive device model was setup. A limitation due to the targeted application is that the device area should not exceed 160mum. Two versions of the modified junction termination extension (MJTE) have been envisaged for the optimization of the reverse characteristics of the p-i-n diodes. The influence of the MJTE parameters on the breakdown voltage of the structure was studied