gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vers un modele pour l'analyse multiechelle de surface 3D (1992)

L'analyse d'une surface a plusieurs echelles a pour objectif la hierarchisation des structures qui la composent. Dans le cas ou l'on desire representer une surface a echelle donnee, differente de celle a laquelle elle est decrite originellement, on est amene a eliminer les structures qui ne sont pas significatives a cette echelle. Un exemple typique de cette demarche est la cartographie. Les cartographes ont cependant des soucis qui outrepassent les considerations simples d'elimination graduelle des structures, ils doivent dans la majorite des cas, preserver la nature des structures geomorphologiques qui composent la surface et a toutes les echelles. Ils ne peuvent donc pas se contenter d'un lissage global de la surface qui entrainerait des modifications morphologiques inevitables de certaines structures importantes. Pour remedier a ce probleme, ils incluent dans le processus, une interpretation humaine qui a pour but de preserver les points importants de la surface (manuellement). Dans ce rapport, nous presentons une modelisation de surface qui permet d'effectuer une analyse multiechelle en tenant compte des phenomenes locaux inherents a la morphologie du relief. A partir d'un modele discret nous derivons un operateur de changement d'echelle adaptatif (i.e. dependant du contexte) qui permet de realiser un lissage isotrope ou anisotrope.
Robust Embedded Software Begins With High-Quality Requirements (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In an effort to improve the quality of software and take advantage of &lt;i&gt;Lessons Learned&lt;/i&gt;, Ford Motor Company has created a generic list of software requirements to help prevent software design errors, mistakes and faults from being delivered to our customer in our vehicles. Ford's intent of publishing these requirements is to provide a basis for an SAE Recommended Practice. Ford's goal is to encourage the software community to participate in the development of a recommended practice that can benefit all software developers. These particular requirements were developed for Automotive Body Features.&lt;/div&gt;
Automatic quality assessment of JPEG and JPEG 2000 compressed images (2002)

A novel figure-of-merit (FOM) for automatically quantifying the types of artifacts that appear in compressed images was investigated. This FOM is based on task specific linear combinations of magnitude, frequency and 'localized' structure information derived from difference images. For each elemental diagnostic task (e.g., detection of microcalcifications) a value is calculated as the weighted linear combination of the output of an array of filters, and the FOM is defined to be the maximum of these values, taken over all relevant diagnostic tasks. This FOM was tested by applying it to a previously assembled set of 60 mammograms that had been digitized and compressed at five different compression levels using our version of the original JPEG algorithm. The FOM results were compared to subjective assessments of image quality provided by nine radiologists. A subset consisting of 25 images was also processed with the JPEG 2000 algorithm and evaluated by the FOM. A significant correlation existed between readers' subjective ratings and FOMs for JPEG compressed images. A comparison between the results of the two compression algorithms reveals that, to achieve a comparable FOM level, the JPEG 2000 images were compressed at a bitrate that was typically 15% lower than that of images compressed with the original JPEG algorithm.
Enforcing Resource-Aware Policies Using Run-time Monitoring (2004)

Resource awareness is an important step towards the realization of reliable and effective communication systems, particularly in the context of mobile code. Since the amount of consumption of computing resources (file system, threads, sockets, etc.) is not monitored in most mobile execution environments such as in the Java language, some kind of change to the security model seems indispensable. It is the goal of this research to gain insight into a richer security model – one that enables monitoring of resource consumption and ensures that allowable constraints are met. Specifically, we extend an existing approach to monitoring and checking of running Java programs to the enforcement of resource-aware policies. Specifically, our work focusses on monitoring and controlling aspects of file system use. i Acknowledgments I would like to express deep appreciation to my supervisor, Prof. Juergen Dingel, for his guidance and support in this research project. I would also like to thank Prof. Oleg Sokolsky and Usa Sammapun of the University of Pennsylvania for their helpful and responsive suggestions. I am indebted to the Office of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Preparedness (OCIPEP) of the Government of Canada for their generous financial support. I am deeply grateful to my parents, Anna and Alan, and my brother Paul, for their love and support. Thank you. Finally, I would like to dedicate this thesis in memory of my Babyshka, Alexandra
Regime Recognition Accuracy (2017)

Accurate characterization of fleet and vehicle usage spectrums would allow component retirement times to be based on actual aircraft usage rather than on an assumed worst case usage spectrum used in a traditional time-based maintenance approach. A key enabling technology for such a Usage or Condition Based Maintenance (UBM/CBM) program is Regime Recognition (RR). In general, production RR algorithms with the required accuracy have not been fielded, in part because of the challenges associated with Verification and Validation (V&amp;V). The multi-class classifier analysis methods and associated visualizations presented herein address the need to maximize the utility of available data and rigorously perform V&amp;V of RR algorithms and software. The resultant methods clearly show the performance range that can be expected when an RR code is deployed to the fleet, and provide a single accuracy metric that highlights error characteristics that are most important to a UBM/CBM program.
Developing a quantitative model of human preattentive vision (1989)

To develop robust computer vision system methodologies, ones that have a range of applicability, early vision operators capable of matching a level of human perceptual performance are required. This implies the need to develop operators that can perform a variety of image analysis tasks in a unified and consistent fashion. These image analysis tasks include finding boundaries between regions of uniform but different gray levels and textures. They also include gauging Gestalt grouping concepts such as uniformity and proximity, so that these concepts are incorporated into the segmentation process. Lastly, the operators should be able to gauge information that allows the characteristics of surfaces to be made explicit, e.g., so-called shape-from-shading and shape-from-texture methods. Developing robust methods for performing these tasks corresponds to developing a quantitative model of human preattentive vision. A basis for such a quantitative model is proposed that is contrary to current theories in computer vision but that seemingly provides a unified method for image analysis tasks and to explain a number of perceptual phenomena.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Complicated twist (2016)

This chapter presents a case study of a 76-year-old woman admitted with a 5-day history of constipation, abdominal distension, and colicky abdominal pain to illustrate the best care and clinical management of patient requiring colorectal surgery. It presents a consistent approach throughout and as well as outlining the actual management of the case, also offers an honest appraisal of the chosen management route, its successes and areas that could have been managed differently. Pedagogic features such as learning and decision points boxes aid rapid understanding/learning, enabling the reader to improve their patient management.
The Increasing Burden of Imported Chronic Hepatitis B — United States, 1974–2008 (2011)

Imported chronic hepatitis B cases account for approximately 95% of new U.S. cases. Earlier case identification and management of infected immigrants would strengthen the U.S. strategy to eliminate HBV transmission, and could delay disease progression and prevent some deaths among new Americans.
Growth and Correlation of the Physical and Structural Properties of Hexagonal Nanocrystalline Nickel Oxide Thin Films with Film Thickness (2019)

This study investigated nonstoichiometric nickel oxide thin films prepared via the DC-sputtering technique at different film thicknesses. The prepared films were characterized by a surface profiler for thickness measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for film nature, atomic force microscopy (AFM) for film morphology and roughness, UV-visible-near infrared (UV-vis.-NIR) spectroscopy for optical transmittance spectra of the films, and the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the prepared films were obtained. The measured film thickness increased from 150 to 503 nm as the deposition time increased. XRD detected the trigonal crystal system of NiO0.96. The crystallite sizes were mainly grown through (101) and (110) characteristic planes. NiO0.96 films have a spherical particle shape and their sizes decreases as the film thickness increased. The optical band gap values decrease from 3.817 to 3.663 eV when the film thickness increases. The refractive index was estimated from the Moss relation, while the high-frequency dielectric constant and the static dielectric constant were deduced from the empirical Adachi formula. The photoluminescence behavior of the studied films confirmed the photogeneration of an electron-hole in nickel and oxygen vacancies. Hence, this study confirms the presence of nickel oxide lattice in the hexagonal structure containing the defects originated from the nickel vacancies or the excess of oxygen.
Factors that affect the location and frequency of meiosis-induced double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1995)

Double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) initiate meiotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DSBs occur at sites that are hypersensitive in nuclease digests of chromatin, suggesting a role for chromatin structure in determining DSB location. We show here that the frequency of DSBs at a site is not determined simply by DNA sequence or by features of chromatin structure. An arg4-containing plasmid was inserted at several different locations in the yeast genome. Meiosis-induced DSBs occurred at similar sites in pBR322-derived portions of the construct at all insert loci, and the frequency of these breaks varied in a manner that mirrored the frequency of meiotic recombination in the arg4 portion of the insert. However, DSBs did not occur in the insert-borne arg4 gene at a site that is frequently broken at the normal ARG4 locus, even though the insert-borne arg4 gene and the normal ARG4 locus displayed similar DNase I hypersensitivity patterns. Deletions that removed active DSB sites from an insert at HIS4 restored breaks to the insert-borne arg4 gene and to a DSB site in flanking chromosomal sequences. We conclude that the frequency of DSB at a site can be affected by sequences several thousand nucleotides away and suggest that this is because of competition between DSB sites for locally limited factors.
The p18 component of the multisynthetase complex shares a protein motif with the β and γ subunits of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 (1996)

In higher eukaryotes, nine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases form a multienzyme complex also comprising the three auxiliary proteins p18, p38 and p43, of apparent molecular masses of 18, 38 and 43 kDa. The function of these proteins, invariably found associated to the synthetase components of the complex, is unknown. In order to gain a more precise view of the structural and functional organization of this complex, we cloned the cDNA encoding the p18 component. The 174-amino-acid hamster protein displays sequence homology with the NH2-terminal moieties of the beta and gamma subunits of the elongation factor EF-1H, implicated in subunits interaction. The homologous polypeptide fragment of about 90 amino acids is also recovered in the NH2-terminal extension of human valyl-tRNA synthetase, involved in its assembly with EF-1H. These results suggest that p18 contributes a template for association of the multisynthetase complex with EF-1H.
Direct stimulation of limbal microvessel endothelial cell proliferation and capillary formation in vitro by a corneal-derived eicosanoid. (1996)

12(R)-Hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (12(R)-HETrE), a corneal epithelial derived inflammatory eicosanoid, elicits blood vessel growth into the avascular cornea in the classical corneal micropocket bioassay. Using an in vivo stimulated angiogenesis assay and 12(R)-HETrE as the angiogenic stimulus, we isolated a homogeneous population of rabbit limbal microvessel endothelial cells, the target for angiogenic factors in the anterior surface of ocular tissues, and analyzed the mitogenic and angiogenic potential of this eicosanoid. 12(R)-HETrE stereospecifically increased cell number by approximately 45%, an effect comparable to that of basic fibroblast growth factor (0.6 nmol/L; 10 ng/ml). This potent mitogenic response was maximal at 0.1 nmol/L. An additive effect (approximately 90% above control) on cell proliferation was observed when 12(R)-HETrE (0.1 nmol/L) and basic fibroblast growth factor (0.6 nmol/L) were added to quiescent cultures of rabbit limbal microvessel endothelial cells. We also show that 12(R)-HETrE, but not 12(S)-HETrE, induces cultured rabbit limbal microvessel endothelial cells to organize themselves as a network of branching cords reminiscent of capillaries. This effect was evident within 48 hours, maximal by 5 days of culture, and paralleled the effect observed with basic fibroblast growth factor. This study describes a novel method for testing site-directed angiogenesis in vitro and further strengthens the angiogenic properties of 12(R)-HETrE by demonstrating a direct effect on limbal microvessel endothelial cells.
Hydrophobicity and Subunit Interactions of Rod Outer Segment Proteins Investigated Using Triton X-114 Phase Partitioning (1995)

Triton X-114 phase partitioning, a procedure used for purifying integral membrane proteins, was used to study protein components of the mammalian visual transduction cascade. An integral membrane protein, rhodopsin, and two isoprenylated protein complexes, cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase and Gt beta gamma, partitioned into the detergent-rich phase. Arrestin, a soluble protein, accumulated in the aqueous phase. Gt alpha distributed about equally between phases whether GDP (Gt alpha.GDP) or GTP (Gt alpha.GTP) was bound. Gt beta gamma increased recovery of Gt alpha.GDP but not Gt alpha.GTP in the detergent phase. Trypsin-treated Gt alpha, which lacks the fatty acylated amino-terminal 2-kDa region, accumulated to a greater extent in the aqueous phase than did intact Gt alpha. Trypsinized cGMP phosphodiesterase, which lacks the isoprenyl group, partitioned into the aqueous phase. A carboxyl-terminal truncated mutant (Val-331 stop) of Gt alpha accumulated more in the aqueous phase then did recombinant full-length Gt alpha, supporting the role of the carboxyl terminus in increasing its hydrophobicity. N-Myristoylated recombinant Go alpha was more hydrophobic than recombinant Go alpha without myristate. ADP-ribosylation of Gt alpha catalyzed by NAD:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase, but not by pertussis toxin, increased hydrophilicity. Triton X-114 phase partitioning can thus semiquantify the hydrophobic nature of proteins and protein domains. It may aid in evaluating changes associated with post-translational protein modification and protein-protein interactions in a defined system.
Source region of 1500 MLT auroral bright spots: Simultaneous Polar UV‐images and DMSP particle data (1999)

We compare auroral images from the Polar ultraviolet imager (UVI) and simultaneous particle observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) in the afternoon (1300 – 1600 MLT) sector along the oval in the northern hemisphere to determine the magnetospheric source region of postnoon auroral bright spots. Auroral bright spots are determined with Polar UVI, while their magnetospheric source regions are determined from DMSP F13 particle data. A total of 65 events of good temporal and spatial coincidence were identified after searching through over 1 year of data, from April 1996 to June 1997. Instances occur of auroral arcs mapping to each of several different regions, including the plasma sheet, the low‐latitude boundary layer, and the plasma mantle. However, our results indicate that ∼2/3 of the time the most prominent auroral arcs are associated with plasma sheet electron precipitation and slightly less than 1/3 of the time they are found to occur near (less than 1° in magnetic latitudes) the boundary between the plasma sheet and other regions.
Model-Based Gaussian and Non-Gaussian Clustering (1993)

Abstract : The classification maximum likelihood approach is sufficiently general to encompass many current clustering algorithms, including those based on the sum of squares criterion and on the criterion of Friedman and Rubin (1967). However, as currently implemented, it does not allow the specification of which features (orientation, size and shape) are to be common to all clusters and which may differ between clusters. Also, it is restricted to Gaussian distributions and it does not allow for noise. We propose ways of overcoming these limitations. A reparameterization of the covariance matrix allows us to specify that some features, but not all, be the same for all clusters. A practical framework for non-Gaussian clustering is outlined, and a means of incorporating noise in the form of a Poisson process is described. An approximate Bayesian method for choosing the number of clusters is given. The performance of the proposed methods is studied by simulation, with encouraging results. The methods are applied to the analysis of a data set arising in the study of diabetes, and the results seem better than those of previous analyses. (RH)
Prostate Cancer Detection in Men With Serum PSA Concentrations of 2.6 to 4.0 ng/mL and Benign Prostate Examination (1997)

There is an appreciable rate of detectable prostate cancer in men with serum PSA levels of 2.6 to 4.0 ng/mL. The great majority of cancers detected have the features of medically important tumors. Free serum PSA measurements may reduce the number of additional biopsies required by the lower PSA cutoff.
Quality Analysis of Stored Bell Peppers Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging (2018)

Abstract. The objective of this study was to predict the moisture content (MC), soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) content in bell peppers during storage (18°C, 85% relative humidity) over 12 days, based on near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) in the 1000-1500 nm wavelength range. The mean spectra of 148 mature bell peppers were extracted from the hyperspectral images, and multivariate calibration models were built using partial least squares (PLS) regression with different preprocessing spectra techniques. The most effective wavelengths were selected using the variable importance in projection (VIP) technique, which selected optimal variables for the target quality parameters of bell peppers from a full set of variables. Subsequently the selected variables were used to develop a PLS-VIP model for simplifying the prediction model. The MC, SSC, and TA content in bell peppers during storage changed from 90.7% to 93.0%, from 6.1%Brix to 7.3%Brix, and from 0.222% to 0.334%, respectively. The PLS regression model with MC, SSC, and TA content resulted in coefficients of determination (R 2 pred ) of 0.83, 0.85, and 0.7, with standard errors of prediction (SEP) of 0.08%, 0.075%Brix, and 0.013%, respectively, using SNV preprocessed spectra for MC and TA content and Savitzky-Golay (S-G) second-order derivatives preprocessed spectra for SSC of bell peppers. By contrast, the prediction results yielded R 2 pred of 0.69, 0.75, and 0.68, respectively, with SEP values of 0.103%, 0.107%Brix, and 0.011% when the PLS-VIP model was employed. The PLS-VIP model simplified the calibration model by selecting the most important variables in terms of their responsiveness to bell pepper quality properties. The results revealed that HSI coupled with multivariate analysis can be used successfully to predict the MC, SSC, and TA content in bell peppers. Keywords: Fruit quality, Hyperspectral imagery, Image analysis, Spectral analysis, Stored bell pepper.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER FROM EYE BY THERMAL PLUME AROUND A HUMAN BODY (2014)

In this article, a three dimensional manikin in a sufficiently large domain is modeled numerically to study heat removal from the eyes due to natural convection. It is assumed that the movement of surrounding air is only due to buoyancy effect. For simulating the free convection, equations of continuity, momentum, energy and turbulence (k−ε) are solved numerically to find velocity and temperature distributions around the manikin as well as the natural buoyant flow around the head. To verify the accuracy of this approach, the velocity field around the manikin is compared with the experimental data in the literature, which quantified the velocity distribution around a human body using particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. It is shown that there is a reasonably good agreement between numerical solution and the reference data for velocity profiles over the head region. Using the verified numerical technique, various simulations are performed to predict heat transfer between human eyes and the thermal plume around the body. The heat removal from the eye surface for different ambient air temperatures is then evaluated and results are compared with those from related studies. Results of this study suggest that the present technique is a more comprehensive approach for the assessment of convective heat transfer around the human body than assuming a constant convection coefficient.
Vision: Object Recognition (2005)

Abstract Object recognition is the process whereby observers are able to recognize three‐dimensional objects despite receiving only two‐dimensional input that varies greatly depending on viewing conditions. Theories explaining this process differ in the nature of the underlying features, varying from two‐dimensional image properties to three‐dimensional parts.
Mechanism of chloramphenicol resistance in Bacillus badius 211. (1978)

Six strains of chloramphenicol (CM)-resistant endospore-forming bacteria, which can grow in the presence of 100 microgram/ml of CM, were isolated and identified as Bacillus badius. Mechanism of CM-resistance in one of the isolated strains, Bacillus badius 211, was investigated. No inactivation of CM was demonstrated when the strain was grown in nutrient broth containing 100 microgram/ml of CM, as evidenced by paper-disc bioassay of CM in the growth medium. In accordance with this result, no CM acetylation activity was demonstrated either with the intact cells or with the crude extracts of the CM-resistant strain. Poly U- and Poly A-directed polyphenylalanine and polylysine syntheses by S--30 preparations of both CM-resistant and CM-sensitive strains of Bacillus badius were almost equally inhibited by CM. From these results, the mechanism of CM resistance in Bacillus badius 211 seems to be due to other unknown mechanism.