gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Micromanipulation and microfabrication for optical microrobotics (2012)

Robotics can use optics feedback in vision-based control of intelligent robotic guidance systems. With light’s miniscule momentum, shrinking robots down to the microscale regime creates opportunities for exploiting optical forces and torques in microrobotic actuation and control. Indeed, the literature on optical trapping and micromanipulation attests to the possibilities for optical microrobotics. This work presents an optical microrobotics perspective on the optical microfabrication and micromanipulation work that we performed. We designed different three-dimensional microstructures and fabricated them by two-photon polymerization. These microstructures were then handled using our biophotonics workstation (BWS) for proof-of-principle demonstrations of optical actuation, akin to 6DOF actuation of robotic micromanipulators. Furthermore, we also show an example of dynamic behavior of the trapped microstructure that can be achieved when using static traps in the BWS. This can be generalized, in the future, towards a structural shaping optimization strategy for optimally controlling microstructures to complement approaches based on lightshaping. We also show that light channeled to microfabricated, free-standing waveguides can be used not only to redirect light for targeted delivery of optical energy but can also for targeted delivery of optical force, which can serve to further extend the manipulation arms in optical robotics. Moreover, light deflection with waveguide also creates a recoil force on the waveguide, which can be exploited for controlling the optical force.
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Dopexamine in the Prevention of Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Organ Damage: Role of Oxygen Free Radicals (1997)

The studies reported in this article provide evidence that several complex mechanisms are involved in the ability of dopexamine HCl (DPX) in preventing ischemia-reperfusion induced organ damage. In a canine model of hemorrhagic shock in which shed-blood was reinfused, DPX prevented deterioration in renal blood flow via an action on beta-2 and DA-1 receptors, whereas its ability to preserve tubular function was essentially due its agonistic effects on DA-1 receptors. In a different experimental model in anesthetized rats, acute generation of oxygen free radicals (OFR) via intravenous administration of Xanthine (X) followed by Xanthine Oxidase (XO) resulted in depression of circulation and death of more than 80% of the animals within the observation period of 120 min. Pretreatment of the rats with DPX significantly enhanced survival rate in a dose dependent manner to about 70%. Neither dobutamine nor prenalterol, which are beta-1 adrenoceptor agonists and like DPX, potent chronotropic and inotropic agents were effective in preventing OFR induced lethal toxicity. In a separate series, a selective DA-1 receptor agonist felodopam had no protective effect and a DA-1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 failed to antagonize the salutary effects of DPX. In contrast, salbutamol, a selective beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist significantly promoted the survival rate facilitated by DPX and a selective beta-2 adrenoceptor antagonist, ICI-558,551 significantly attenuated the survival rate. These later studies suggest that unlike in hemorrhagic shock, the beta-2 adrenoceptor agonistic properties are critical in the ability of DPX to attenuate lethal toxicity and these effects could be related to prevention of lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen free radicals.
A Solution‐Processed Inorganic Emitter with High Spectral Selectivity for Efficient Subambient Radiative Cooling in Hot Humid Climates (2022)

Daytime radiative cooling provides an eco-friendly solution to space cooling with zero energy consumption. Despite significant advances, most state-of-the-art radiative coolers show broadband infrared emission with low spectral selectivity, which limits their cooling temperatures, especially in hot humid regions. Here, an all-inorganic narrowband emitter comprising a solution-derived SiO<sub>x</sub> N<sub>y</sub> layer sandwiched between a reflective substrate and a self-assembly monolayer of SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres is reported. It shows a high and diffusive solar reflectance (96.4%) and strong infrared-selective emittance (94.6%) with superior spectral selectivity (1.46). Remarkable subambient cooling of up to 5 °C in autumn and 2.5 °C in summer are achieved under high humidity without any solar shading or convection cover at noontime in a subtropical coastal city, Hong Kong. Owing to the all-inorganic hydrophobic structure, the emitter shows outstanding resistance to ultraviolet and water in long-term durability tests. The scalable-solution-based fabrication renders this stable high-performance emitter promising for large-scale deployment in various climates.
Antioxidant supplementation and subsequent oxidative stress of horses during an 80-km endurance race1 (2004)

This study tested the development of oxidative stress and the effects of antioxidant supplementation in an 80-km ride. A precompetition survey revealed that no competitor would participate without vitamin E supplementation; therefore, 46 horses were paired for past performances and randomly assigned to two groups of 23 each for 3 wk of supplementation before the ride. One group (E) was orally supplemented with 5,000 IU of vitamin E per day; the other group (E+C) received that dose of vitamin E plus 7 g/d of vitamin C. Blood samples, temperature, and heart rate were taken the day before the race, at 21 and 56 km during the ride, at completion, and after 20 min of recovery. Plasma was assayed for lipid hydroperoxides, alpha-tocopherol, total ascorbate, albumin, creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity were determined in red blood cells and white blood cells. Thirty-four horses completed the race, 12 horses (six in E and six in E+C) did not finish for reasons including lameness, metabolic problems, and rider option. Plasma ascorbate was higher (P = 0.045) in the E+C group than in the E group. Other than ascorbate, neither antioxidant status nor CK and AST activities were affected by supplementation with E+C vs. E. Red blood cell glutathione peroxidase, white blood cell total glutathione, lipid hydroperoxides, CK, and AST increased, and red blood cell total glutathione and white blood cell glutathione peroxidase activity decreased with distance (P < 0.001). Positive correlations were found for plasma lipid hydroperoxides on CK (r = 0.25; P = 0.001) and AST (r = 0.33; P < 0.001). These results establish an association between muscle leakage and a cumulative index of oxidative stress.
Adaptive linearization using predistortion-experimental results (1994)

This paper describes an adaptive predistortion system to linearize class B and class C radio frequency high power amplifiers. The system, which can handle a 30 dB power control range, uses a digital signal processing microprocessor and memory look-up tables to predistort the baseband drive signals. Low data rate services such as are found in mobile satellite applications (<8.5 kbits/s) can be handled by this digital signal processing approach. Higher bit rates can be obtained with some software modifications and any further increase would require a more hardware intensive solution. The system gives a 30 dB improvement in IM/sub 3/ of a class B stage using a standard two-tone test. An improvement of 25 dB when using /spl pi//4-shift-QPSK modulation is obtained with a sample rate of B times the symbol rate. Experimental results show that AM to AM correction is much more important than AM to PM correction and in some cases this can lead to further simplifications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL LINEAR ALUMINUM‐HYDROGEN‐ALUMINUM ELECTRON‐DEFICIENT BOND IN NA((CH3)3AL‐H‐AL(CH3)3) (1982)

Abstract Durch Reaktion von NaH mit Trimethylaluminium im Molverhältnis 1:2 in Toluol mit Zugabe von 15‐Krone‐5 wird die Titelverbindung als Etherkomplex gebildet.
Use of In Vivo Biotinylation for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (2011)

This unit describes a system for expression of biotinylated proteins in mammalian cells in vivo, and its application to chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The system is based on co-expression of the target protein fused to a short biotin acceptor domain, together with the biotinylating enzyme BirA from Escherichia coli. The superior strength of the biotin-avidin interaction in the modified ChIP protocol presented here allows one to employ more stringent washing conditions, resulting in a better signal/noise ratio. Methods for interpreting the data obtained from ChIP samples analyzed by qPCR, and methods for testing the efficiency of biotinylation using a streptavidin gel-shift are also presented. In addition, a complementary method, based on isothermal multiple strand displacement amplification (IMDA) of circular concatemers generated from the DNA fragments obtained after ChIP, is described. This method helps to decrease bias in DNA amplification and is useful for the analysis of complex mixtures of DNA fragments typically generated in miniscale ChIP experiments.
Subacute Hepatitis (1963)

Clinical FeaturesSince subacute hepatitis probably represents a grave variant of aoute viral hepatitis, it is perhaps logical and helpful to consider its clinical and laboratory manifestations in reference to the recognized sequences of the latter entity.17 IncidenceIn any epidemic of viral hepatitis or given patient group the exact incidence of the subacute variant is uncertain without the extensive and almost routine use of liver-biopsy studies. Saint et al.,18 in a series of 123 well studied hospitalized patients with infectious hepatitis in Australia, described 34 as having "active chronic hepatitis," a clinicopathological variant probably representing subacute hepatic necrosis with . . .
On a stable and always applicable interpolation method (2002)

This paper aims to complete the analysis of a our recently proposed /spl alpha/-cut based interpolation technique (1997) originated from the KH interpolation. Our goal is to investigate its stability behaviour. As it was shown in Joo et al. (1997) and Tikk et al. (1997) the original KH interpolation is stable in the sense that if inputs change slightly the output also changes slightly. The main result of this paper shows that this significant feature of the KH interpolation can be carried over for the proposed method. A possible generalization of the proposed method is also presented.
Caparing Performnce of Storage Processors. (1997)

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a type of perineal underwear that protects the patient's physical privacy and to examine its effects on perineal discomfort and shame. This study collected primary data from 44 patients who visited Kyung Hee University hospital in Seoul city and were admitted to the neurosurgery ward to undergo angiography between 7 August 2017, and 30 April 2018. In this quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group posttest-only design, participants were divided into an experimental group (<i>n</i> = 22) and a control group (<i>n</i> = 22). The control group used conventional protection, which involved wearing padding around the perineum, while the experimental group wore the perineal underwear developed in this study. The underwear group showed a significantly lower degree of shame (Z = -5.39, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and perineal discomfort (Z = -5.88, <i>p</i> < 0.001) than the padding group. In the padding group, women felt significantly more shame than men did (Z = -2.48, <i>p</i> = 0.013). The use of the perineal underwear developed in this study significantly reduced the degree of shame and perineal discomfort in patients undergoing angiography. Such perineal underwear could also be useful for protecting patients' privacy during perineal examinations.
Grading Aggregates - II. - The Application of Mathematical Formulas to Mortars (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGrading Aggregates - II. - The Application of Mathematical Formulas to MortarsF. O. AndereggCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1931, 23, 9, 1058–1064Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50261a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50261a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
LEARNING AND RECOGNITION OF HUMAN ACTIONS USING OPTIMAL CONTROL PRIMITIVES (2009)

We propose a unified approach for recognition and learning of human actions, based on an optimal control model of human motion. In this model, the goals and preferences of the agent engaged in a particular action are encapsulated as a cost function or performance criterion, that is optimized to yield the details of the movement. The cost function is a compact, intuitive and flexible representation of the action. A parameterized form of the cost function is considered, wherein the structure reflects the goals of the actions, and the parameters determine the relative weighting of different terms. We show how the cost function parameters can be estimated from data by solving a nonlinear least squares problem. The parameter estimation method is tested on motion capture data for two different reaching actions and six different subjects. We show that the problem of action recognition in the context of this representation is similar to that of mode estimation in a hybrid system and can be solved using a particle filter if a receding horizon formulation of the optimal controller is adopted. We use the proposed approach to recognize different reaching actions from the 3D hand trajectory of subjects.
Pathogen boosted adoptive cell transfer immunotherapy to treat solid tumors (2017)

Because of insufficient migration and antitumor function of transferred T cells, especially inside the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), the efficacy of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is much curtailed in treating solid tumors. To overcome these challenges, we sought to reenergize ACT (ReACT) with a pathogen-based cancer vaccine. To bridge ACT with a pathogen, we genetically engineered tumor-specific CD8 T cells in vitro with a second T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes a bacterial antigen. We then transferred these dual-specific T cells in combination with intratumoral bacteria injection to treat solid tumors in mice. The dual-specific CD8 T cells expanded vigorously, migrated to tumor sites, and robustly eradicated primary tumors. The mice cured from ReACT also developed immunological memory against tumor rechallenge. Mechanistically, we have found that this combined approach reverts the immunosuppressive TME and recruits CD8 T cells with an increased number and killing ability to the tumors.
Shear-weakening of the transitional regime for granular flow (2007)

This paper experimentally investigates the rheology of dense granular flow through itssolid-like to fluid-like transition. Between the well-established flow regimes – quasi-static and grain-inertial – the physical description of the transition remains elusive. Our experiment uses a top-rotating torsional shear cell capable of ± 1 μm accuracy in height and 5 decades (10 −3 − 100 rad s −1 ) in rotation rate. The data on beach sand shows that shear and normal stresses exhibit an inverse rate-dependence under a controlledvolume environment in the transitional regime, while in the limiting regimes the results are in agreement with previous work. Theshear-weakening stresses illustrate a previouslyunknown ‘dip’ with increasingshear rate. Under a controlled-pressure environment, however, the shear-compacting volume-fraction ‘peaks’ with increasing shear-rate. We combine these results from both configurations to infer a constitutive law based on a rate-invariant granular fluid compressibility. The formulation provides an equation-of-state for dynamic granular systems, with state variables of pressure, strain rate and free-volume-fraction. Fitting parameters from independent constant-volume and constant-pressure data shows good agreement in validating our model. Moreover, the degree of grain jaggedness is essential to the rate-dependence within the transitional regime. The results on the solid–fluid transitionmay elucidate the evolution of granular flow anisotropies.
Isolation and characterization of SYS genes from yeast, multicopy suppressors of the functional loss of the transport GTPase Ypt6p (1996)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the YPT6 gene encodes the homologue of the mammalian Rab6 protein found in the Golgi apparatus. Deletion of YPT6 in yeast produces a phenotype showing temperature-sensitive growth and partial missorting of the vacuolar enzyme, carboxypeptidase Y. To identify proteins that might: (1) interact with Ypt6p; or (2) act in the same pathway, we have isolated four multicopy suppressors, named SYS1, SYS2, SYS3 and SYS5, that can complement the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype of the ypt6 null mutant. On high expression, these genes are also able to partially suppress the missorting of carboxypeptidase Y.SYS2 on a multicopy plasmid suppresses in addition the temperature-sensitive phenotype of sec7-1, a mutant defective in transport between and from the Golgi compartment. Gene disruption of SYS1 and SYS2 did not result in significant growth defects. However, deletion of SYS1 and/or SYS2 in the ypt6 null mutant enhances defects in vacuolar protein sorting and in cell growth. Whereas protein secretion was not significantly affected in these mutants, the processing of alpha-factor precursor by the Kex2 protease was inhibited, suggesting a function of YPT6 and its null mutant suppressors in transport between the late Golgi and a prevacuolar, endosome-like compartment.
Is Chlamydia pneumoniae infection a risk factor for age related macular degeneration? (2003)

The association between a pathogen and AMD is worth further investigation because a new approach might treat this incurable vision threatening disease

Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of decreased central vision in older people throughout the world. The pathogenesis of AMD is very complex and has still not been determined. In addition to some genetic and environmental factors, several kinds of risk factors have been proposed; sunlight exposure,1 smoking,2 and low levels of nutritional components such as antioxidants.3 Hypertension,4 hyperlipidaemia,4 and atherosclerosis,5,6 which may lead to cardiovascular diseases, are also considered to be risk factors.

Chronic inflammatory events have recently been identified as plausible causes of atherosclerosis. In particular, much interest has been focused on infections by Chlamydia pneumoniae , which was previously known as the TWAR strain. This strain is one of the chlamydial species that has been recognised as a causal mediator of respiratory infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and upper respiratory tract infections.7

Chlamydia can multiply in various host cells including macrophages and endothelial cells.8 C pneumoniae is like a parasite and consumes energy that is needed by the host cells and, in the end, destroys them and then infects nearby cells. Thus, the pathogens tend to cause a chronic infection.

The first study showing a positive interaction between systemic vascular disease and infection with C pneumoniae was made by Saikku et al in 1988.9 They reported increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody titres against C pneumoniae in male patients with myocardial infarction or chronic coronary heart disease. Since then, attention has been focused on its association with atherosclerotic diseases.10 A strong piece of evidence indicating a close interaction between C pneumoniae …
Service‐Level Solutions (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Services Security Policy SOA Security Standards Stack Standards in Depth Deployment Architectures for SOA Security Managing Service-Level Threats Service Threat Solution Mapping XML Firewall Configuration-Threat Mapping Conclusion References Further Reading
Weak-Shock Interactions with Transonic Laminar Mixing Layers of Fuels for High-Speed Propulsion (2016)

This paper extends to transonic mixing layers an analysis of Lighthill ( “ Reflection at a Laminar Boundary Layer of a Weak Steady Disturbance to a Supersonic Stream, Neglecting Viscosity and Heat Conduction ,” Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics , Vol. 54 , No. 3 , 1950 , pp. 303 – 325 . ) on the interaction between weak shocks and laminar boundary layers. As in that work, the analysis is carried out under linear-inviscid assumptions for the perturbation field, with streamwise changes of the base flow neglected, as is appropriate given the slenderness of the mixing-layer flow. The steady-disturbance profile is determined by taking a Fourier transform along the longitudinal coordinate. Closed-form analytical functions for the pressure field are derived in the small- and large-wave-number limits, and vorticity disturbances are obtained as functions of the pressure perturbations. The analysis is particularized to ethylene–air and hydrogen–air mixing layers, for which the dynamics are of current interest for hypersonic propulsion. The results provide, in particular, the effective distance of upstream influence of the pressure perturbation in the subsonic stream. The resulting value, which scales with the thickness of the subsonic layer, is much smaller than the upstream influence distances encountered in boundary layers. This study may serve as a basis to understand shock-induced autoignition and flameholding phenomena in simplified versions of non-premixed supersonic-combustion problems.
Effect of Soak Time, Soak Temperature, and Lactic Acid on Germ Recovery Parameters (1996)

Cereal Chem. 73(6):716-720 To recover high valued corn germ from dry-milling ethanol facilities, flotation and skimming. Recovery levels of germ were near that of tradicorn was hydrated in under 12 hr and germ was recovered using tradi- tional wet milling. Results showed that soak time decreased with tional wet-milling recovery techniques. The optimal soak time and tem- increasing soak temperature up through 59 0 C. A reduction in germ qualperature for germ recovery was 12 hr at 59 0 C. Germ was recovered by ity and quantity occurred at soak temperature of 75 0 C.
T‐Cell Specificity and Respiratory Virus Infections (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Primary Immune Responses to Respiratory Virus Infections Specificity of the Primary Immune Response T-Cell Memory to Respiratory Virus Infections The Specificity of Memory T Cells Recall Responses to Secondary Infections Immunodominance Patterns in Recall Responses Modification of Immunodominance Hierarchies by Vaccination Conclusions Acknowledgments