gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prospective Monitoring of Polyomavirus BK Replication and Impact of Pre-Emptive Intervention in Pediatric Kidney Recipients (2007)

Polyoma BK virus (BKV)-associated nephropathy (PVAN) is a relevant cause of poor renal allograft survival. In a prospective analysis, we monitored BKV DNA in blood and urine samples from 62 consecutive pediatric kidney recipients. In patients with BKV replication, we analyzed the impact of reduction of maintenance immunosuppression on viral load kinetics and PVAN in patients with BKV replication. BKV-specific immunity was concomitantly evaluated on blood samples of viremic patients, by measuring the frequency of BKV-specific interferon-γ-producing and cytotoxic T cells, and BKV IgG antibody levels. At a median follow-up of 24 months, BK viruria was observed in 39 of 62 patients, while BK viremia developed in 13 patients (21%). In all viremic patients, immunosuppression reduction resulted in the clearance of viremia, and prevented development of PVAN, without increasing the rate of acute rejection or causing graft dysfunction. As a consequence of immunosuppression adjustment, an expansion of BKV-specific cellular immunity was observed that coincided with viral clearance. We conclude that treating pediatric kidney transplant patients pre-emptively with immunosuppression reduction guided by BKV DNA in blood is safe and effective to prevent onset of PVAN. BKV-specific cellular immunity may be useful to guide this intervention. Polyoma BK virus (BKV)-associated nephropathy (PVAN) is a relevant cause of poor renal allograft survival. In a prospective analysis, we monitored BKV DNA in blood and urine samples from 62 consecutive pediatric kidney recipients. In patients with BKV replication, we analyzed the impact of reduction of maintenance immunosuppression on viral load kinetics and PVAN in patients with BKV replication. BKV-specific immunity was concomitantly evaluated on blood samples of viremic patients, by measuring the frequency of BKV-specific interferon-γ-producing and cytotoxic T cells, and BKV IgG antibody levels. At a median follow-up of 24 months, BK viruria was observed in 39 of 62 patients, while BK viremia developed in 13 patients (21%). In all viremic patients, immunosuppression reduction resulted in the clearance of viremia, and prevented development of PVAN, without increasing the rate of acute rejection or causing graft dysfunction. As a consequence of immunosuppression adjustment, an expansion of BKV-specific cellular immunity was observed that coincided with viral clearance. We conclude that treating pediatric kidney transplant patients pre-emptively with immunosuppression reduction guided by BKV DNA in blood is safe and effective to prevent onset of PVAN. BKV-specific cellular immunity may be useful to guide this intervention.
A hierarchical coordination language for interacting real-time tasks (2006)

We designed and implemented a new programming language called Hierarchical Timing Language (HTL) for hard realtime systems. Critical timing constraints are specified within the language,and ensured by the compiler. Programs in HTL are extensible in two dimensions without changing their timing behavior: new program modules can be added, and individual program tasks can be refined. The mechanism supporting time invariance under parallel composition is that different program modules communicate at specified instances of time. Time invariance under refinement is achieved by conservative scheduling of the top level. HTL is a coordination language, in that individual tasks can be implemented in "foreign" languages. As a case study, we present a distributed HTL implementation of an automotive steer-by-wire controller.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF GEM‐DIFLUOROCYCLOPROPANES VIA DECOMPOSITION OF METHYL CHLORODIFLUOROACETATE BY ALKALI METAL HALIDES (1977)

Abstract Durch Lithiumchlorid/Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid‐induzierte Zersetzung des Halogencarbonsäureesters (I) erhält man in Gegenwart des Dimethylbutens (III) das Cyclopropan (IV).
Colloid Chemical Studies on Starching Materials. IV. Viscoelasticity and Structure Change of Starch Solutions (1962)

Abstract Modified Rouse’s equations were applied to solutions consisting of a mixture of highly aggregated and less aggregated polymer molecules. The fraction of higher aggregates, x1, was calculated for 3 and 5% potato starch solutions, a 5% sweet potato starch solution, and a 5% rice starch solution. The value of x1 decreased linearly with the increase of log ω, except for the rice starch. The x1 value of the latter increased rapidly when the log ω became very large.
Isoxaflutole: the background to its discovery and the basis of its herbicidal properties (2001)

This paper reviews the discovery of isoxaflutole (IFT), focusing on the chemical and physicochemical properties which contribute to the herbicidal behaviour of this new herbicide. IFT (5-cyclopropyl-1,2-isoxazol-4-yl alpha alpha alpha-trifluoro-2-mesyl-p-tolyl ketone) is a novel herbicide for pre-emergence control of a wide range of important broadleaf and grass weeds in corn and sugarcane. The first benzoyl isoxazole lead was synthesised in 1989 and IFT in 1990, and the herbicidal potential of the latter was identified in 1991. The decision to develop the molecule was taken after two years of field testing in North America. The biochemical target of IFT is 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), inhibition of which leads to a characteristic bleaching of susceptible species. The inhibitor of HPPD is the diketonitrile derivative of IFT formed from opening of the isoxazole ring. The diketonitrile (DKN) is formed rapidly in plants following root and shoot uptake. The DKN is both xylem and phloem mobile leading to high systemicity. IFT also undergoes conversion to the DKN in the soil. The soil half-life of IFT ranges from 12 h to 3 days under laboratory conditions and is dependent on several factors such as soil type, pH and moisture. The log P of IFT is 2.19 and the water solubility is 6.2 mg litre-1, whereas the corresponding values for the DKN are 0.4 and 326 mg litre-1, respectively. These properties restrict the mobility of IFT, which is retained at the soil surface where it can be taken up by surface-germinating weed seeds. The DKN, which has a laboratory soil half-life of 20-30 days, is more mobile and is taken up by the roots. In addition to influencing the soil behaviour of IFT and DKN, the greater lipophilicity of IFT leads to greater uptake by seed, shoot and root tissues. In both plants and soil, the DKN is converted to the herbicidally inactive benzoic acid. This degradation is more rapid in maize than in susceptible weed species and this contributes to the mechanism of selectivity, together with the greater sowing depth of the crop.
Data from S-Nitrosylation of EGFR and Src Activates an Oncogenic Signaling Network in Human Basal-Like Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) expression in breast tumors is associated with decreased survival of estrogen receptor negative (ER−) breast cancer patients. We recently communicated the preliminary observation that nitric oxide (NO) signaling results in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine phosphorylation. To further define the role of NO in the pathogenesis of ER− breast cancer, we examined the mechanism of NO-induced EGFR activation in human ER− breast cancer. NO was found to activate EGFR and Src by a mechanism that includes S-nitrosylation. NO, at physiologically relevant concentrations, induced an EGFR/Src-mediated activation of oncogenic signal transduction pathways (including c-Myc, Akt, and β-catenin) and the loss of PP2A tumor suppressor activity. In addition, NO signaling increased cellular EMT, expression and activity of COX-2, and chemoresistance to adriamycin and paclitaxel. When connected into a network, these concerted events link NO to the development of a stem cell–like phenotype, resulting in the upregulation of CD44 and STAT3 phosphorylation. Our observations are also consistent with the finding that NOS2 is associated with a basal-like transcription pattern in human breast tumors. These results indicate that the inhibition of NOS2 activity or NO signaling networks may have beneficial effects in treating basal-like breast cancer patients. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Res; 10(9); 1203–15. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Magnetic soft x-ray microscopy of the domain wall depinning process in permalloy magnetic nanowires (2011)

Full-field magnetic transmission x-ray microscopy at high spatial resolution down to 20 nm is used to directly observe field-driven domain wall motion in notch-patterned permalloy nanowires. The depinning process of a domain wall around a notch exhibits a stochastic nature in most nanowires. The stochasticity of the domain wall depinning sensitively depends on the geometry of the nanowire such as the wire thickness, the wire width, and the notch depth. We propose an optimized design of the nanowire for deterministic domain wall depinning field at a notch.
Feasibility Study of a Hybrid Closed-Loop System with Automated Insulin Correction Boluses (2020)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The Medtronic MiniMed™ 670G system adjusts basal insulin delivery in response to continuous glucose monitoring levels and is already in use in clinical practice. We tested the home-based feasibility of the new MiniMed advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) system, which includes several algorithm enhancements and an optional autocorrection bolus mode. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twelve adolescents and young adults (eight females) with type 1 diabetes [median (interquartile range)] aged 16.6 (15.9, 18.2) years and diabetes duration of 7.1 (4.7, 8.8) years] participated in this single-arm study. The first stage was a 6-day open-loop run-in period, with the predictive low-glucose suspend feature on. This was followed by 6 days/5 nights in a supervised hotel setting, using the AHCL system, including closed-loop challenges (missed meal bolus, late meal bolus, and physical activity); and finally, 3 weeks with unrestricted home use. Glycemic parameters were compared between the open-loop and closed-loop periods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants spent 93.3% (4.7) of the time in SmartGuard™ Auto Mode. Hemoglobin A1C levels decreased from median (interquartile range) 7.1% (6.7, 7.9) at baseline to 6.8% (6.6, 7.4) at study end, after 4 weeks (<i>P</i> = 0.0027). Time in range (TIR) (70-180 mg/dL) was 68.4% (10.6) and time below 70 mg/dL was 4% (3.5) during open-loop; and 74% (6.1) and 2.6% (1.9), respectively, during the closed-loop at home phase (<i>P</i> = 0.06, <i>P</i> = 0.27). TIR increased during the nighttime, from 64.6% (17.4) to 80.7% (7.8), <i>P</i> = 0.007, without change in time below 70 mg/dL (<i>P</i> = 0.15). No serious adverse events occurred. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The new AHCL system demonstrated safety and effectiveness in controlling day and night glucose levels.
An alternative storage organization for ROLAP aggregate views based on cubetrees (1998)

The Relational On-Line Analytical Processing (ROLAP) is emerging as the dominant approach in data warehousing with decision support applications. In order to enhance query performance, the ROLAP approach relies on selecting and materializing in summary tables appropriate subsets of aggregate views which are then engaged in speeding up OLAP queries. However, a straight forward relational storage implementation of materialized ROLAP views is immensely wasteful on storage and incredibly inadequate on query performance and incremental update speed. In this paper we propose the use of Cubetrees , a collection of packed and compressed R-trees, as an alternative storage and index organization for ROLAP views and provide an efficient algorithm for mapping an arbitrary set of OLAP views to a collection of Cubetrees that achieve excellent performance. Compared to a conventional (relational) storage organization of materialized OLAP views, Cubetrees offer at least a 2-1 storage reduction, a 10-1 better OLAP query performance, and a 100-1 faster updates. We compare the two alternative approaches with data generated from the TPC-D benchmark and stored in the Informix Universal Server (IUS). The straight forward implementation materializes the ROLAP views using IUS tables and conventional B-tree indexing. The Cubetree implementation materializes the same ROLAP views using a Cubetree Datablade developed for IUS. The experiments demonstrate that the Cubetree storage organization is superior in storage, query performance and update speed.
Comparison of volatile organic compound profiles in exhaled breath versus plasma headspace in different diseases (2020)

Breath analysis is the study of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) in exhaled breath. This analysis provides information on the body's condition. In this study we investigated the relationship between 22 VOC's detected in exhaled breath and plasma headspace using a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer (SYFT-MS). We compared pairs of exhaled breath and plasma samples from patients with pulmonary hypertension inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and IBD patients after J-pouch surgery (pouch group). Half of the measured VOC's from exhaled breath were significantly associated with the VOC's from plasma headspace. Interestingly, six breath VOC's (trimethyl amine (FDR p = 0.02), hydrogen sulfide (FDR p = 7.64 × 10<sup>-30</sup>), ethanol (FDR p = 1.56 × 10<sup>-4</sup>), dimethyl sulfide (FDR p = 5.70 × 10<sup>-19</sup>), benzene (FDR p = 8.40 × 10<sup>-27</sup>), and acetaldehyde (FDR p = 4.27 × 10<sup>-17</sup>)) and two plasma headspace VOC's (1-Octene (FDR p = 0.02) and 2-propanol (FDR p = 2.47 × 10<sup>-9</sup>)) were able to differentiate between the three groups. Breath and plasma headspace share a similar signature with significant association in half of the measured VOCs. The disease discriminatory capacity of breath and plasma headspace appear to be different. Therefore, using the VOC's print from both breath and plasma headspace may better help diagnose patients.
Effect of the Degree of Processing on Soy Oil Conjugated Linoleic Acid Yields (2008)

Photoirradiation processing can be used to rapidly synthesize conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in large quantities in soy oil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the level of refining of soy oil on CLA yields and oxidative properties after photoirradiation. Crude, alkali-refined, alkali-refined bleached, and alkali-refined bleached and deodorized (RBD) soy oils were photoirradiated in a pilot-plant processing system for 12 h with 0.35% iodine catalyst at 47 degrees C. RBD soy oil gave the highest total CLA yield of 16.3% of total oil with 4.3% cis, trans- and trans, cis-CLA isomers. Oxidative stability as measured by weight gain during incubation at 64 degrees C showed that iodine decreased the induction time of soy oil samples by 2-4 days. Photoirradiation processing further decreased the induction time by 2 days as a result of loss of total tocopherols. Iodine addition increased the titratable acidity in all the samples of soy oil. However, the level of refining affects this increase of titratable acidity, and RBD soy oil was found to be the most stable. The study indicates that RBD soy oil was the most suitable candidate for photoirradiation processing. Thus, soy oil should be alkali-refined, bleached, deodorized, and then photoprocessed followed by a secondary adsorption step to remove the iodine catalyst to obtain a RBD CLA-rich soy oil.
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors as anticancer agents: current status. (2003)

Farnesyltransferase (FTase) is a major molecular target for the development of novel anticancer drugs that are designed to disrupt the aberrant signal transduction circuitry of tumor cells. The discovery more than a decade ago that farnesylation of Ras, one of the most prevalent oncoproteins in human cancers, is required for its cancer-causing activity was the initial stimulus to target FTase. However, it is now clear that yet to be identified farnesylated proteins other than Ras also play a pivotal role as targets for FTase inhibitors (FTIs). In this review, important mechanistic issues on the antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic activities of FTIs, with an emphasis on potential FTI targets, will be discussed. Important clinical issues associated with translational aspects of hypotheses-driven clinical trials will also be discussed.
Cloning of a full-length complementary DNA for an Artemia salina glycine-rich protein. Structural relationship with RNA binding proteins. (1987)

Overlapping cDNAs have been isolated containing all the coding sequences for Artemia salina protein GRP33, a glycine-rich protein (16.6 mol % glycine), with a molecular weight of 32,992. GRP33 is closely related to HD40, the major protein component of Artemia heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles, and shares certain characteristics with other RNA binding proteins. The C-terminal region (123 amino acids) contains 39 glycine residues. This region has multiple arginine residues flanked by glycines, resembling the glycine-dimethylarginine clusters present in other RNA binding proteins. Secondary structure predictions for the protein reveal two distinct domains: a hydrophilic C-terminal domain with an extended conformation and a larger N-terminal domain with a number of alpha-helices and beta-sheets.
Linear phase IIR wavelets and perfect reconstruction subband coding (2002)

We classify and develop methods of generating a broad family of perfect reconstruction (PR), two-band subband coding schemes using linear phase (unstable) IIR filters. Subject to the condition that all four of the analysis and synthesis filter transfer functions have identical denominators, and some other mild technical restrictions, we show how to generate a large family of such subband coding schemes and associated scaling functions and smooth wavelets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gravity-Fed Riserless Coiled Tubing Operations in Ultra-Deepwater: A Milestone Achievement for Riserless Intervention and Plug and Abandonment (2021)

Abstract In a continuous effort to reduce cost and improve efficiency, the Oil and Gas industry has been trying for the last 10 years to develop methods to perform subsea Coiled Tubing (CT) operations from a vessel and without a riser. In September 2020 a large campaign of Riserless Coiled Tubing (RLCT) coring was successfully executed in the Norwegian Sea, on the Mohns Ridge, approximately 330 nautical miles from the coast. The campaign was performed from a small Anchor Handler Tug Supply vessel, the Island Valiant. A total of 14 open water gravity-fed RLCT runs were executed in water depths between 2780 and 3085 m. The system performed extremely well and proved to be very robust, efficient and effective for these innovative operations. This was the first time that RLCT coring operations were completed without the use of a subsea injector, in the so-called gravity-fed mode, and in such ultra-deep water. This paper describes the project in detail, including the system setup used, a summary of the operations and the actual results achieved, before discussing future improvements and applications of the RLCT technology.
CRLH TL-unit cell loaded tri-band circularly polarized crossed dipole antenna (2016)

In this paper, two unit cells of a via-less Composite Right/Left handed Transmission Line (CRLH TL) are loaded on the arms of a reference double sided printed dipole antenna to achieve tri-band operation. A pair of CRLH TL loaded tri-band dipoles are crossed through a vacant printed ring to obtain a tri-band circularly polarized (CP) operation. A cavity backed reflector is used with the tri-band CP crossed dipole to get high gain with unidirectional pattern (front to back lobe ratio > 25 dB) and wider CP operating bandwidth in all the three resonant frequency bands. The measurement results on the fabricated prototype confirm that the proposed tri-band cavity backed CP crossed dipole antenna exhibits CP operating bandwidth (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> <; -10 dB and Axial Ratio <; 3 dB) of 1.22%, 3.69% and 10.78% centered at 1.64 GHz, 2.17 GHz and 2.69 GHz respectively.
Film Thickness Dependence of Silicon Reduced LPCVD Tungsten on Native Oxide Thickness (1986)

Tungsten was deposited on silicon wafers via the silicon reduction of in a low pressure chemical vapor deposition apparatus using and argon gases. For depositions performed at 400°C, 0.3 torr total pressure, a strong dependence of film formation on surface oxide thickness was observed. For oxides ranging from 0 to 15Å, a monotonic increase in tungsten film thickness occurs, reaching a maximum of approximately 1000Å at 20Å. Above this oxide thickness, the tungsten film thickness decreases sharply, reaching less than 20Å at 40Å of oxide, thus indicating the onset of "selectivity," i.e., no tungsten deposition. The tungsten formed for oxides ranging from 0–15Å is α‐W with a resistivity of approximately 18 μΩ‐cm. For a 20Å oxide thickness, β‐W is formed with a resistivity of approximately 130 μΩ‐cm. Rapid thermal annealing in forming gas at 950°C for 10s does not affect the α‐W films, but converts the β‐W films into α‐W. For VLSI applications such as barrier metal formation or contact hole planarization, extreme care has to be taken to limit the native oxide thickness below 15Å to ensure reproducible, in terms of thickness and uniformity, film depositions.
Can n-type doping of diamond be achieved by Li or Na ion implantation? (1993)

The electrical conductivity of Na- and Li-implanted diamond is investigated. The highest conductivities are obtained for high dose implantations followed by thermal graphitization of the heavily damaged layer and chemical removal of the graphitized layer. The temperature dependence of the resistivity is measured, yielding activation energies of 0.2 eV for Li (400&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;680 K) and for Na 0.13 eV (220&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;400 K) and 0.21 eV (415&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;670 K). Analysis of the data shows that the conduction may be understood in terms of variable range hopping between implant sites in the crystal rather than due to thermal activation.
Synthesis and properties of 1,2,3-dithiazoles (2008)

Data on the methods for the synthesis and properties of 1,2,3-dithiazoles published over the last 15 years are reviewed and described systematically.
Research and Development of Mobile Forestry GIS Based on Intelligent Terminal (2012)

This paper mainly introduces the solution and implementation of Mobile Forestry GIS based on intelligent terminal equipment. This system adopts Data-Dictionary ideas to improve the reusability, versatility and extensibility of Forestry-GIS applications;By building data model and optimizing algorithm for the mobile environment to achieve the complex topological spatial graphics editing, and it's an effective solution to the problems,such as the displaying accuracy, editing efficiency and system stability.