gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic detection of iminocyclophosphamide and its possible role in cyclophosphamide metabolism (1987)

Iminocyclophosphamide (4) has been identified by 1H NMR as a product from base treatment of 4-alkylthio-substituted cyclophosphamide derivatives, viz., cis-4-(propylthio)cyclophosphamide (cis-7). A maximum concentration of approximately 12% of total product was observed by treating cis-7 with ethyl propiolate and NaH or deuteriated dimsyl anion in anhydrous Me2SO-d6. Treatment of cis-7 with base alone established a rapid cis-/trans-7 equilibrium via the imine intermediate 4. Base-catalyzed expulsion of 1-propanethiol (8) from cis-7 and thiol trapping afforded formation of 4, which subsequently underwent elimination to the relatively more stable conjugated (vinylimino)-phosphamide (9). Iminocyclophosphamide (4) was also identified by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry as a product generated upon analysis of cyclophosphamide derivatives substituted in the 4-position of the oxazaphosphorine ring with various leaving groups.
Antireceptor Yeast Killer Toxin-like Antibiobodies. (1996)

The fungicidal activity of human natural antibodies, elicited in the course of Candida albicans and Pneumocystis carinii infections against the cell wall receptors for a Pichia anomala killer toxin, that mimic the yeast killer toxin-like antiidiotypic antibodies (antibiobodies) raised through parenteral and mucosal immunization with a yeast killer toxin neutralizing monoclonal antibody (idiotypic vaccination) which protected animals from systemic and vaginal candidiasis is discussed on the basis of the background of the yeast killer phenomenon and in the perspective of the potential of molecular immunology for the production of conceptually new engineered antifungal recombinant antibodies.
The Endocannabinoid System in Huntingtons Disease (2008)

The hypokinetic profile of certain cannabinoid agonists becomes these compounds as promising medicines to attenuate the hyperkinesia that characterizes the first grades of Huntington's disease (HD) and that represents the major neurological abnormality in this disease. The fact that CB(1) receptors, the receptor type involved in motor effects of cannabinoid agonists, are significantly reduced in the basal ganglia during the progression of HD represents a convincing explanation for the hyperkinesia typical of this disorder and supports the usefulness of enhancing CB(1) receptor signaling in HD. However, further studies revealed that the key property that enables certain cannabinoid agonists to reduce hyperkinesia is their capability to directly activate vanilloid TRPV(1) receptors. Cannabinoids may also serve to delay/arrest the progression of HD by protecting striatal projection neurons from death. Several cannabinoid agonists have been tested for this purpose in various animal models of HD, and these studies revealed that the major characteristics that enable cannabinoids to provide neuroprotection are three: (i) a reduction in inflammatory events exerted through activating CB(2) receptors located in glial cells; (ii) a normalization of glutamate homeostasis, then limiting excitotoxicity, an effect that would be exerted through CB(1) receptors; and (iii) an antioxidant effect exerted by cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanisms. The changes experienced by the endocannabinoid signaling system during the striatal degeneration support this neuroprotective effect, particularly the up-regulatory responses proved by CB(2) receptors in glial cells recruited at lesioned sites. The present article will review the neurochemical and pharmacological bases that sustain the importance of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of HD, trying to collect the present information and the future lines for research on the therapeutic potential of this system in this disorder.
Ultrasound detection of spontaneous hepato-cellular carcinomas in X/myc bitransgenic mice (2004)

International audience
Coarse grained ionomer melts under an external electric field. (2014)

Abstract not provided.
Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx among U.S. veterans (1993)

Alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking were responsible for the majority of oral cancer cases in this population of US Veterans.
Cell origin and niche availability dictate the capacity of peritoneal macrophages to colonize the cavity and omentum (2022)

The relationship between macrophages of the peritoneal cavity and the adjacent omentum remains poorly understood. Here, we describe two populations of omental macrophages distinguished by CD102 expression and use an adoptive cell transfer approach to investigate whether these arise from peritoneal macrophages, and whether this depends upon inflammatory status, the origin of peritoneal macrophages and availability of the omental niches. We show that whereas established resident peritoneal macrophages largely fail to migrate to the omentum, monocyte-derived resident cells readily migrate and form a substantial component of omental CD102<sup>+</sup> macrophages in the months following resolution of peritoneal inflammation. In contrast, both populations had the capacity to migrate to the omentum in the absence of endogenous peritoneal and omental macrophages. However, inflammatory macrophages expanded more effectively and more efficiently repopulated both CD102<sup>+</sup> and CD102<sup>-</sup> omental populations, whereas established resident macrophages partially reconstituted the omental niche via recruitment of monocytes. Hence, cell origin determines the migration of peritoneal macrophages to the omentum and predisposes established resident macrophages to drive infiltration of monocyte-derived cells.
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED CORONARY ARTERY CONSTRICTION AFTER ISCHEMIA: INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE TRAINING. (1999)

1073 We reported recently that exercise training does not preserve endothelial function in response to ischemia. In that study, we also hypothesized that vasoconstriction of coronary microvessels exposed to ischemia would be less in exercise-trained (ETR) compared to sedentary (SED) rats. Following 10 weeks of treadmill-running or cage-confinement, global and regional myocardial function were measured in response to one 5-min bout, or three 15-min bouts of ischemia. Ischemia was induced by reversible occlusion of the left coronary artery. After excising the heart, resistance vessels (<120 μm i.d.) were dissected free and mounted in a myograph apparatus (37°C, pH 7.4). Tension development (mg) to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619 was measured. Contractile responses to both agents were similar in ETR and SED after 5-min of ischemia. Results from animals after 3 periods of 15-min ischemia are shown below. *p<0.05 vs SED. (Table)TableTherefore, while exercise training does not preserve endothelium-dependent function (previously reported data), it does attenuate receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in coronary microvessels exposed to myocardial ischemia.
A 3-D moment based approach for blood vessel detection and quantification in MRA (1993)

This paper describes a new method for the three-dimensional (3-D) tracking and the quantification of blood vessels from magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The approach is based on 3-D geometrical moments and consists of the following steps: (1) interactive selection of 3-D seed points; (2) automatic tracking of the vessels; (3) local computation of both diameter and orientation; (4) rendering of the vessels. This detection and estimation scheme has been validated on simulated and real data.
De Novo Sequence and Copy Number Variants Are Strongly Associated with Tourette Disorder and Implicate Cell Polarity in Pathogenesis (2018)

We previously established the contribution of de novo damaging sequence variants to Tourette disorder (TD) through whole-exome sequencing of 511 trios. Here, we sequence an additional 291 TD trios and analyze the combined set of 802 trios. We observe an overrepresentation of de novo damaging variants in simplex, but not multiplex, families; we identify a high-confidence TD risk gene, CELSR3 (cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3); we find that the genes mutated in TD patients are enriched for those related to cell polarity, suggesting a common pathway underlying pathobiology; and we confirm a statistically significant excess of de novo copy number variants in TD. Finally, we identify significant overlap of de novo sequence variants between TD and obsessive-compulsive disorder and de novo copy number variants between TD and autism spectrum disorder, consistent with shared genetic risk.
A probabilistic framework for semi-supervised clustering (2004)

Unsupervised clustering can be significantly improved using supervision in the form of pairwise constraints, i.e., pairs of instances labeled as belonging to same or different clusters. In recent years, a number of algorithms have been proposed for enhancing clustering quality by employing such supervision. Such methods use the constraints to either modify the objective function, or to learn the distance measure. We propose a probabilistic model for semi-supervised clustering based on Hidden Markov Random Fields (HMRFs) that provides a principled framework for incorporating supervision into prototype-based clustering. The model generalizes a previous approach that combines constraints and Euclidean distance learning, and allows the use of a broad range of clustering distortion measures, including Bregman divergences (e.g., Euclidean distance and I-divergence) and directional similarity measures (e.g., cosine similarity). We present an algorithm that performs partitional semi-supervised clustering of data by minimizing an objective function derived from the posterior energy of the HMRF model. Experimental results on several text data sets demonstrate the advantages of the proposed framework.
CD24 identifies nucleus pulposus progenitors/notochordal cells for disc regeneration (2018)

Our studies identify that CD24-positive NP cells are the resident progenitor/notochordal cells in disc regeneration and elucidate a crucial role of HIF-1α-Notch1 pathway in the phenotypic maintenance of CD24-positive NP cells.
Forming architectured paper by printing a starch patterned grid: a new low-cost approach for lightweighting packaging (2021)

Abstract To meet the environmental challenges, the use of plastic packaging must be drastically reduced. Paper-based solutions may be a credible alternative provided that their production cost is reduced. One way may be to improve the paper stiffness to weight ratio. In this work, a simple and low-cost approach is proposed, which consists in printing a patterned grid of starch at the paper surface by using a widespread printing process. With only a small quantity of starch (7 g/m 2 ), the bending stiffness of a packaging paper of 60 g/m 2 was multiplied by more than a factor three. This improvement originates from the permanent 3D shape the paper unexpectedly took after printing. The printed lines formed “valleys” whereas the unprinted zones were raised, forming “mountains”. Drying shrinkage of the starch is assumed to play a major role, in particular by inducing local buckling of the unprinted zones. In addition, the resulting 3D shape could be interestingly tuned by adjusting the grid pattern. Even if a better understanding is necessary to be able to well control the phenomena, this approach appears relevant to form “architectured” papers with improved bending resistance to weight ratio.
Generation of 64 fs, 10 kW peak-power, transform-limited pulses directly from an Yb-doped Figure-9 fiber laser (2020)

We numerically and experimentally generate transform-limited, 64 fs pulses with 10 kW peak-power directly from the output of a modified Yb-doped Figure-9 fiber laser by overdriving the transmittance of the NALM.
A novel reservation TDMA based multiple access scheme using adaptive modulation for multimedia wireless communication systems (2002)

This paper proposes an adaptive modulation reservation TDMA system (AM-R-TDMA) for flexible and efficient support of multimedia wireless communication services that require different quality of services under dynamically changing traffic and channel conditions. In the proposed system, a channel for voice and long message terminals is assigned by the reservation TDMA mode, and a channel for short message terminals is assigned by a slotted ALOHA protocol using no signal transmitted period of already occupied channels generated by the voice activation effect. To further increase available slots for short message transmission as well as to increase capacity for data traffic, the proposed system employs an adaptive modulation that controls modulation parameters according to the instantaneous channel conditions. Computer simulation confirms that the proposed system is effective in achieving larger capacity of multimedia communication systems.
Use of Topical Ice for Local Anesthesia for Intravitreal Injections (2014)

Topical anesthetic allergy is a rare but recognized entity forwhich incidence is difficult to calculate owing to the difference between a perceivedand trueallergic response.Allergic episodesattributed to topical anesthetics are typically adverse reactions, such as a vasovagal event, rather than thedevelopmentofhypersensitivity.1However, several articles place the likely incidence of topical anesthetic allergy at less than 1% of the general population.1 The earliest description, to our knowledge, of a topical anesthetic allergyduringophthalmicuseoccurred in 1968whenanophthalmologist developedacontactdermatitis onhis thumband forefinger caused by proparacaine hydrochloride although he had no sensitivity to tetracaine.2 Documented cases of contact dermatitis caused by proparacaine and tetracaine have been reported in patientsaswell asophthalmologists.3Unfortunately, there is littlepublished about alternatives to topical anesthetics to achieve adequateanalgesiaduring in-officeexaminationoroffice-basedsurgical procedures. Here we describe the use of ice topical anesthesia for an intravitreal injection in a patient with a history of severe allergy to local anesthetics.
Report on Vitamins (1941)

Journal Article Report on Vitamins Get access E M Nelson E M Nelson Referee U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 24, Issue 2, 1 May 1941, Page 399, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/24.2.399 Published: 19 February 2020
The PCKS-machine: An abstract machine for sound evaluation of parallel functional programs with first-class continuations (1994)

The PCKS-machine is an abstract machine that evaluates parallel functional programs with first-class continuations. Parallelism is introduced by the construct pcall, which provides a fork-and-join type of parallelism. To the best of our knowledge, the PCKS-machine is the first implementation of such a language that is proved to have a transparent construct for parallelism: every program using such a construct returns the same result as in the absence of this construct. This machine is also characterised by the non-speculative invocation of continuations whose interest is illustrated in an application.
Anthraquinones Isolated from Cassia tora (Leguminosae) Seed Show an Antifungal Property against Phytopathogenic Fungi (2004)

The fungicidal activities of Cassia tora extracts and their active principles were determined against Botrytis cineria, Erysiphe graminis, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, Pyricularia grisea, and Rhizoctonia solani using a whole plant method in vivo and were compared with synthetic fungicides and three commercially available anthraquinones. The responses varied with the plant pathogen tested. At 1 g/L, the chloroform fraction of C. tora showed a strong fungicidal activity against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. infestans, and R. solani. Emodin, physcion, and rhein were isolated from the chloroform fraction using chromatographic techniques and showed strong and moderate fungicidal activities against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. infestans, and R. solani. Furthermore, aloe-emodin showed strong and moderate fungicidal activities against B. cinerea and R. solani, respectively, but did not inhibit the growth of E. graminis, P. infestans, P. recondita, and Py. grisea. Little or no activity was observed for anthraquinone and anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid when tested at 1 g/L. Chlorothalonil and dichlofluanid as synthetic fungicides were active against P. infestans and B. cinerea at 0.05 g/L, respectively. Our results demonstrate the fungicidal actions of emodin, physcion, and rhein from C. tora.
LCD optimization and modeling (2004)

Abstract— The application of the LCD modeling and optimization system, LCD DESIGN, for the design and development of new advanced LCD configurations was demonstrated. The software includes a powerful optimization module that allows for spectral and angular averaging, thus enabling the production of LCDs with wide viewing angles, achromatic (black/white) switching, and fast response time. We describe the basic principles of the software development and present several examples of LCD optimization in various electro‐optical modes. A brief review of our results of LCD optimization and modeling using LCD DESIGN software is also given.
An ultra-low power (ULP) zero-current-detector (ZCD) circuit for switching inductor converter applied in energy harvesting system (2017)

In this paper, we present an ultra-low power (ULP) zero-current-detector (ZCD) circuit by using sub-threshold design method and discontinued operating time to decrease power consumption, which can be widely used in switching inductor converters such as boost, buck or buck-boost converters. The designed ZCD circuit consumes only 40 nA quiescent current to realize nearly 70 dB DC gain and 650 kHz gain-bandwidth (GBW) when it operates. The main comparator of the ZCD circuit has high sensitivity and very low delay time to turn-off the synchronous switches of the DC-DC converter on time. The average quiescent current consumption is less than 1.6 nA because the operating time is only 40 μs under the minimum switching period of 1 ms. Finally, the designed ZCD circuit is used in a boost converter for vibrational energy harvesting applications.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex modulates Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Ranavirus infections in three amphibian species (2023)

ABSTRACT Genetic variation of immune genes is an important component of genetic diversity. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes have been put forward as a model for studying how genetic diversity is maintained and geographically distributed in wild populations. Pathogen-mediated selection processes (i.e., heterozygosity advantage, rare-allele advantage or fluctuating selection) and demography are believed to generate and maintain the extreme diversity of MHC genes observed. However, establishing the relative importance of the different proposed mechanisms has proved extremely difficult, but heterozygote advantage is expected to be more detectable when multiple pathogens are considered simultaneously. Here, we test whether MHC diversity in three amphibian species ( Ichthyosaura alpestris, Pleurodeles waltl, and Pelophylax perezi ) is driven by pathogen-mediated selection. We examined the relationship between the individual MHC class II exon variability with individual infection status (infected or not), infection intensity, and co-infection of two main amphibian pathogens: Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( Bd ) and Ranavirus sp. ( Rv ). We found higher MHC class II exon 2 allelic diversity in I.alpestris and P. perezi than in P.waltl but no significant differences in allele frequencies between infection groups. We also observed significant differences in Bd infection intensity between Bd infected individuals and co-infected individuals depending on the number of MHC loci that an individual carries. For I. alpestris , we show stronger evidence for MHC associations with infection intensity and status when individuals carry specific alleles and supertypes. Our results suggest that studying the association between MHC genes and single and co-infected individuals might provide new insights into host-parasite evolution and a better understanding of evolutionary mechanisms driven by MHC diversity.
Universal line shape of the Kondo zero-bias anomaly in a quantum dot (2012)

Encouraged by recent real-time renormalization group results, we carried out a detailed analysis of the nonequilibrium Kondo conductance observed in an InAs nanowire-based quantum dot and found them to be in excellent agreement. We show that in a wide range of biases the Kondo conductance zero-bias anomaly is scaled by the Kondo temperature to a universal line shape predicted by the numerical study. The line shape can be approximated by a phenomenological expression of a single argument $e{V}_{\mathrm{sd}}/{k}_{\mathrm{B}}{T}_{\mathrm{K}}$. The knowledge of an analytical expression for the line shape provides an alternative way to estimate the Kondo temperature in a real experiment, with no need for time-consuming temperature dependence measurements of the linear conductance.
Cloning and Characterization of a Novel RING Finger Protein That Interacts with Class V Myosins (1999)

We have identified a novel protein (BERP) that is a specific partner for the tail domain of myosin V. Class V myosins are a family of molecular motors thought to interact via their unique C-terminal tails with specific proteins for the targeted transport of organelles. BERP is highly expressed in brain and contains an N-terminal RING finger, followed by a B-box zinc finger, a coiled-coil (RBCC domain), and a unique C-terminal beta-propeller domain. A yeast two-hybrid screening indicated that the C-terminal beta-propeller domain mediates binding to the tail of the class V myosin myr6 (myosin Vb). This interaction was confirmed by immunoprecipitation, which also demonstrated that BERP could associate with myosin Va, the product of the dilute gene. Like myosin Va, BERP is expressed in a punctate pattern in the cytoplasm as well as in the neurites and growth cones of PC12 cells. We also found that the RBCC domain of BERP is involved in protein dimerization. Stable expression of a mutant form of BERP lacking the myosin-binding domain but containing the dimerization domain resulted in defective PC12 cell spreading and prevented neurite outgrowth in response to nerve growth factor. Our studies present a novel interaction for the beta-propeller domain and provide evidence for a role for BERP in myosin V-mediated cargo transport.
Dead-space theory predictions of excess-noise factor, breakdown voltage, and frequency response for thin avalanche photodiodes (2001)

The dead-space carrier multiplication theory properly predicts the reduction in the excess noise factor in a number of APDs. The theory is applied to measurements, obtained from J. C. Campbell and collaborators at the University of Texas, for InP, InAlAs, GaAs, and AlGaAs APDs with multiplication-region widths ranging from 80 nm to 1600 nm. A refined model for the ionization coefficients is reported that is independent of the width of the device multiplication region of each device. In addition, in comparison to predictions from the conventional multiplication theory, the dead-space multiplication theory predicts a reduction in the mean bandwidth as well as a reduction in the power spectral density of the impulse response. In particular, it is shown that the avalanching noise at high-frequencies is reduced as a result of the reduction of the multiplication region width.