gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photonically-activated molecular excitations for thermal energy conversion in porphyrinic compounds (2019)

Heterocyclic, macrocycle organic compounds, structurally characterized with porphyrins, are not only abundant in nature but also environmentally friendly. These porphyrinic compounds have recently been extensively studied for their fascinating structures, physical properties, and high potentials in engineering applications. We report experimental results on the photonically activated thermal energy conversion via irradiations of white light (simulated solar light). The photothermal effects have been well studied for metallic conductors with a large number of charge carriers based on the so-called localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). However, the LSPR model may not apply to the porphyrinic materials with a very limited number of charge carriers. In this study, we have found several porphyrinic compounds to exhibit pronounced photothermal effects including chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, hemoglobin, and phthalocyanine, which all share similar structural characteristics. Raman data show characteristic molecular vibrations from these compounds that are responsible for photon-to-thermal energy conversions near the optical absorption frequencies. We attribute the porphyrin molecular vibrations to the photothermal effects observed from these compounds and predict that all porphyrinic materials can be optically activated for pronounced photothermal effects. Also established is a newly defined specific photothermal coefficient (SPC), a unique photothermal property of the thin films investigated in this study.
Screening of white-rot fungi manganese peroxidases: a comparison between the specific activities of the enzyme from different native producers (2012)

In this study manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzymes from selected white-rot fungi were isolated and compared for potential future recombinant production. White-rot fungi were cultivated in small-scale in liquid media and a simplified process was established for the purification of extracellular enzymes.Five lignin degrading organisms were selected (Bjerkandera sp., Phanerochaete (P.) chrysosporium, Physisporinus (P.) rivulosus, Phlebia (P.) radiata and Phlebia sp. Nf b19) and studied for MnP production in small-scale. Extracellular MnP activity was followed and cultivations were harvested at proximity of the peak activity. The production of MnPs varied in different organisms but was clearly regulated by inducing liquid media components (Mn2+, veratryl alcohol and malonate). In total 8 different MnP isoforms were purified.Results of this study reinforce the conception that MnPs from distinct organisms differ substantially in their properties. Production of the extracellular enzyme in general did not reach a substantial level. This further suggests that these native producers are not suitable for industrial scale production of the enzyme. The highest specific activities were observed with MnPs from P. chrysosporium (200 U mg-1), Phlebia sp. Nf b19 (55 U mg-1) and P. rivulosus (89 U mg-1) and these MnPs are considered as the most potential candidates for further studies. The molecular weight of the purified MnPs was estimated to be between 45-50 kDa.
Paraneoplastic temporal lobe epilepsy with testicular neoplasm and atypical amnesia (1994)

We report a patient who, at age 38, presented with temporal lobe seizures and an atypical memory disorder 3 years before the discovery of a testicular tumor. Detailed neuropsychological testing revealed a relatively isolated amnestic syndrome. The amnesia was atypical as the patient could retain information for hour-long periods, only to lose it later. Serologic studies revealed the presence of a circulating autoantibody that demonstrated an unusual affinity for the nucleolus of cerebral cortical neurons. Western blot analysis of cortical neurons revealed that this antibody reacted with proteins different from other previously identified paraneoplastic neurologic antigens (Hu, Yo, Ri). We believe this to be a case of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis secondary to the testicular tumor. This patient presents unique characteristics with respect to the mode of presentation, features of the amnesia, and the presence of a circulating antibody with an unusual reactivity pattern.
Evaluation of the cell-penetrating peptide TAT as a trans-blood-brain barrier delivery vehicle (2010)

Therapeutic delivery into the brain parenchyma is difficult due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One potential solution is to use cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). CPPs are short peptides made up of primarily positively charged amino acids that have the ability to transduce cell membranes and deliver cargoes to cells. It is unclear, however, whether CPPs can penetrate cell barriers, such as the BBB, and deliver cargoes into cells on the other side. In this study, we examined the ability of the CPP TAT to deliver a green fluorescent protein (GFP) cargo across an endothelial monolayer. GFP-TAT had only minimal permeability across the monolayer, and the rate was no different from GFP alone or other similarly sized dextrans. Furthermore, this permeability was too small to detect transduction of GFP-TAT into astrocytes on the other side of the monolayer. We conclude that TAT does not have the ability to deliver cargoes across an intact BBB, and therefore may not be a suitable vehicle for therapeutic delivery to the brain.
Surgical Options for the Middle-Aged Patient with Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint*† (2000)

Hanssen, Arlen D. M.D.‡; Stuart, Michael J. M.D.‡; Scott, Richard D. M.D.§; Scuderi, Giles R. M.D.# Author Information
Service Rate, Busy Period & Throughput Analysis of a Horizontal Traffic Queue (2016)

We consider a horizontal traffic queue (HTQ) on a periodic road segment, where vehicles arrive according to a spatio-temporal Poisson process, and depart after traveling a distance that is sampled independently and identically from a spatial distribution. When inside the queue, the speed of a vehicle is proportional to a power $m >0$ of the distance to the vehicle in front. The service rate of HTQ is equal to the sum of the speeds of the vehicles, and has a complex dependency on the state (vehicle locations) of the system. We show that the service-rate increases (resp., decreases) in between arrivals and departures for $m<1$ (resp., $m>1$) case. For a given initial condition, we define the throughput of such a queue as the largest arrival rate under which the queue length remains bounded. We extend the busy period calculations for M/G/1 queue to our setting, including for non-empty initial condition. These calculations are used to prove that the throughput for $m=1$ case is equal to the inverse of the time required to travel average total distance by a solitary vehicle in the system, and also to derive a probabilistic upper bound on the queue length over a finite time horizon for the $m>1$ case. Finally, we study throughput under a release control policy, where the additional expected waiting time caused by the control policy is interpreted as the magnitude of the perturbation to the arrival process. We derive a lower bound on throughput for a given combination of maximum allowable perturbation, for $m<1$ and $m>1$ cases. In particular, if the allowable perturbation is sufficiently large, then this lower bound grows unbounded as $m \to 0^+$. Illustrative simulation results are also presented.
Design and simulation of compact UWB Bow-tie antenna with reduced end-fire reflections for GPR applications (2016)

The efficiency of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) system significantly depends on the antenna performance as signal has to propagate through lossy and inhomogeneous media. In this research work a resistively loaded compact Bow-tie antenna which can operate through a wide bandwidth of 4.1 GHz is proposed. The sharp corners of the slot antenna are rounded so as to minimize the end-fire reflections. The proposed antenna employs a resistive loading technique through a thin sheet of graphite to attain the ultra-wide bandwidth. The simulated results obtained from CST Microwave Studio v14 and HFSS v14 show a good amount of agreement for the antenna performance parameters. The proposed antenna has potential to apply for the GPR applications as it provides improved radiation efficiency, enhanced bandwidth, gain, directivity and reduced end-fire reflections.
Assessing a biomarker’s ability to reduce invasive procedures in patients with benign lung nodules: Results from the ORACLE study (2023)

A blood-based integrated classifier (IC) has been clinically validated to improve accuracy in assessing probability of cancer risk (pCA) for pulmonary nodules (PN). This study evaluated the clinical utility of this biomarker for its ability to reduce invasive procedures in patients with pre-test pCA ≤ 50%. This was a propensity score matching (PSM) cohort study comparing patients in the ORACLE prospective, multicenter, observational registry to control patients treated with usual care. This study enrolled patients meeting the intended use criteria for IC testing: pCA ≤ 50%, age ≥40 years, nodule diameter 8-30 mm, and no history of lung cancer and/or active cancer (except for non-melanomatous skin cancer) within 5 years. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate invasive procedure use on benign PNs of registry patients as compared to control patients. A total of 280 IC tested, and 278 control patients met eligibility and analysis criteria and 197 were in each group after PSM (IC and control groups). Patients in the IC group were 74% less likely to undergo an invasive procedure as compared to the control group (absolute difference 14%, p <0.001) indicating that for every 7 patients tested, one unnecessary invasive procedure was avoided. Invasive procedure reduction corresponded to a reduction in risk classification, with 71 patients (36%) in the IC group classified as low risk (pCA < 5%). The proportion of IC group patients with malignant PNs sent to surveillance were not statistically different than the control group, 7.5% vs 3.5% for the IC vs. control groups, respectively (absolute difference 3.91%, p 0.075). The IC for patients with a newly discovered PN has demonstrated valuable clinical utility in a real-world setting. Use of this biomarker can change physicians' practice and reduce invasive procedures in patients with benign pulmonary nodules. Trial registration: Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03766958.
<title>Feature-based technique for automated image registration of the brain</title> (2000)

In this paper, we present an automated multi-modality registration algorithm based on hierarchical feature extraction. The approach, which has not ben used previously, can be divided into two distinct stages: feature extraction and geometric matching. Two kinds of corresponding features - edge and surface - are extracted hierarchically from various image modalities. The registration then is performed using least-squares matching of the automatically extracted features. Both the robustness and accuracy of feature extraction and geometric marching steps are evaluated using simulated and patient images. The preliminary results show the error is on the average of one voxel. We have shown the proposed 3D registration algorithm provides a simple and fast method for automatic registering of MR-to-CT and MR-to- PET image modalities. Our results are comparable to other techniques and require no user interaction.
Remote Monitoring of Surfaces Wetted for Dust Control on the Dry Owens Lakebed, California (2013)

Extensive dust control on the dry Owens Lake mainly uses constructed basins that are flooded with shallow depths of fresh water. This dust control is mandated by law as a minimum percent of the area of each individual wetting basin. Wetted surfaces are evaluated for area and degree of wetness using the shortwave infrared (SWIR) band of Landsat TM, or similar earth observation satellite sensor. The SWIR region appropriate for these measurements lies within the electromagnetic spectrum between about 1.5 and 1.8 μm wavelengths. A threshold value for Landsat TM5 band 5 reflectance of 0.19 was found to conform with surfaces having a threshold for adequate wetting at a nascent point where rapid drying would occur following loss of capillary connection with groundwater. This threshold is robust and requires no atmospheric correction for the effects of aerosol scatter and attenuation as long as the features on the image appear clear. Monthly monitoring of surface wetting has proven accurate, verifiable and repeatable using these methods. This threshold can be calibrated for any Earth observation satellite that records the appropriate SWIR region. The monitoring program is expected to provide major input for the final phase of the dust control program that will have a focus to conserve water and resources.
The Clinical Usefulness of Nuclear Medicine Techniques in the Diagnosis of Vascular Graft Infections (2014)

The infection of a vascular prosthesis (VGI) is the most serious complication in prosthetic vascular reconstructive surgery, burdened by a high rate of mortality and morbidity. The treatment of a VGI, in most cases, consists of its surgical removal, and therefore an accurate diagnosis of the infection, is of paramount importance in clinical practice since false-positive results may lead to unnecessary major surgery whereas false-negative results are related with high-risk morbidity. Furthermore, early diagnosis of infection permits a wider range of therapeutic options and a less aggressive surgical approach. On the basis of the documents and abstracts published in the last 25 years, the authors analyze and discuss the contribution of nuclear medicine in the management of these infections, evaluating the reliability of scintigraphy with labeled leukocytes, other gamma-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, PET and PET / CT with 18F-Fluorodeoxiglucose. Keywords: 18F-FDG, 99mTc-labelled leucocytes, imaging, PET / CT, SPECT / CT, vascular graft infection.
Assessment of a FOUP Conditioning Equipment for Advanced Semiconductor Application (2012)

The effectiveness of a FOUP (Front Opening Unified Pod) conditioning test bench was tested with respect to the reduction of outgassing materials from FOUP materials and cleanroom compatibility. The equipment uses vacuum and heat to reduce volatile organic compounds from construction material and wafers. Five different analysis methods were used to asses the performance of the equipment with respect to organic, ionic and metal contamination. The experiments showed that the use of heat and vacuum has a positive effect on the organic contamination from FOUPs, and that the equipment is suitable for semiconductor applications in cleanroom environments.
[Novel Bis-sulfonic Acid Esters with Cytostatic Activity (author's transl)]. (1976)

The introduction of electron-withdrawing groups into the group R of piposulfan analogs R--SO2--O--X--O--SO2--R substantially increases their antileukemic activity in animal tests (leukemia L 1210). The central moiety X can be varied considerably (provided it contains amide groups) without appreciable loss of activity. A number of busulfan analogs as well as busulfan itself proved to be practically inactive against murine leukemia L 1210. Among a total of 122 bis-sulfonic acid esters tested 35 gave a survival time index of 150% or more after i.p. application and 5 after oral application.
Large Magnetoresistance of Field-Induced Giant Ferrimagnetic Multilayers (1990)

Multilayers consisting of two magnetic components with different anisotropies were prepared by successively depositing Co, Cu, Ni 80 Fe 20 and Cu layers. By applying a moderate field, the two magnetizations are oriented antiparallel with each other, and then the electric resistance significantly increases due to spin-dependent electron scattering. A large magnetoresistance change, 9.9% at 300 K, was observed in [Co(30 Å)/Cu(50 Å)/NiFe(30 Å)/Cu(50 Å)]×15.
Administration of testosterone results in reversible deterioration in Kennedy's disease (2006)

Kennedy’s disease, or spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), is an X-linked neurodegenerative disease characterized by slowly progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of bulbar, facial and limb muscles accompanied by partial androgen insensitivity. The disease is caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide CAG repeat in the gene encoding the androgen receptor (AR) (1). There is no known treatment, although animal studies suggest that androgen deprivation may be of benefit (2, 3). In this report we describe a patient with SBMA who experienced significant worsening of his symptoms during treatment with testosterone, followed by complete reversal to pre- treatment functioning on cessation of therapy
Alkali–helium exciplex formation on the surface of helium nanodroplets. I. Dispersed emission spectroscopy (2000)

Dispersed emission spectra collected upon the 4 2P3/2,1/2←4 2S1/2 optical excitation of K atoms attached to helium nanodroplets include broad, structured, red-shifted features which are shown to be due to K*He exciplex formation, paralleling our former observation of Na*He [J. Reho, C. Callegari, J. Higgins, W. E. Ernst, K. K. Lehmann, and G. Scoles, Discuss. Faraday Soc. 108, 161 (1997)]. The exciplex formation is demonstrated by the agreement obtained in comparing the K*He A(1) 2Π→X(1) 2Σ emission spectra with the predictions derived from available ab initio potential energy surfaces. Recent analysis of both exciplex emissions also points to the possibility of triatomic (Na*He2 and K*He2) exciplex formation for a small fraction of the alkali atoms. The lack of fluorescence quenching, which is present when the spectra are taken in bulk liquid helium, is due to the surface location of the alkali atoms on the helium droplets that allows the nascent Na*He and K*He exciplexes to desorb from the droplet and emit as isolated molecules.
The balance of the autonomic nervous system is normal in colicky infants (2001)

The findings suggest that imbalance between the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous system is not associated with infantile colic and that, in accordance with previous findings, control of HRV shifts in a parasympathetic direction with increasing age during the first year of life.
SYNFORM ISSUE 2021/12 (2021)

Prof. E. Stache My research lab focuses on sustainable polymerchemistryfromseveraldifferentperspectives.Ourresearch is quite interdisciplinary, incorporating elements from organic,physical,andinorganicchemistry.Havingcompleted a Ph.D. in synthetic methodology and a postdoc in polymer synthesis, I hope to combine modern synthetic methods with polymerandmaterialssynthesis.Utilizingelementsofphoto redox catalysis, transition-metal catalysis, and biocatal ysis, wewilldevelopnovelpolymerizationsofbiodegradablematerials, identify novel biorenewable monomers, and advance depolymerizationstrategiesforcommoditypolymers.
Enzymic Degumming of Pineapple and Pineapple Mill Juices (1984)

ABSTRACT Commercial pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase preparations reduced percent suspended solids, decreased viscosity, and reduced foaming of pineapple juice. These preparations also lowered the viscosity of pineapple mill juice and syrups prepared therefrom to levels approaching sucrose solutions at equivalent Brix. These effects are attributed to enzymic hydrolysis of the neutral polysaccharide pineapple gum and are consistent with the effects of enzymic hydrolyses of purified gum reported previously. Model systems consisting of purified gum in sucrose solution suggest the gum accounts for about 75% and 97% of the nonsugar viscosity of juice, and mill juice, respectively. Ease of filtration, higher clarity, and improved flow are advantages which can be expected with enzymic degumming.
Redundant optical storage system using DVD-RAM library (2003)

A Digital virtual Disk (DVD) random access memory (RAM) Redundant Array of Inexpensive Libraries (RAIL) optical storage system has been developed and tested at NTT Integrated Information and Energy Systems Laboratories. The RAIL storage system incorporates multiple DVD libraries that consist of dual DVD-RAM drives. Each DVD library utilizes a single mechanical robot picker for media loading and unloading. The current capacity of the single sided and single layered DVD optical media used in that system is 2.6 gigabytes. To increase the reliability of stored data and at the same time to eliminate the need for read after Mite verification, a process that can double the recording time, a RAID 4 algorithm has been implemented in the control unit of the RAIL storage system. Data sent by the host are transferred to a control unit, that stripes data over five data groups plus one parity unit. The striped and parity data are sent to individual libraries and written to DVD media. This system writes and retrieves storage data with a transfer rate of approximate 6 MB/sec, using write and read control methods that minimize data striping overhead. Other performance factors that affect the transfer rates are the striping size and the number of drives used in the RAIL system. Experimental results indicate that stripe sizes of 32 to 64 KB are sufficient to achieve high throughput. In addition, the transfer rates showed no further increase when the number of drives exceeded eight. This RAIL optical storage system which offers data redundancy can be used for networked multimedia applications.
Surface acoustic wave actuated rotations for microfluidics (2017)

Microfluidics and the lab-on-a-chip concept promises to open up new possibilities in miniaturised portable fluid systems and point-of-care diagnostics. Centrifugal microfluidics, most commonly recognised in the lab-on-a-CD concept, has already shown many applications in chemical and biological systems by exploiting the radial forcing associated with high rotational velocities. Bulk rotation of a 100 mm diameter plastic disc is however a cumbersome approach to driving nano-litres of fluid, and furthermore the rotations require large external motor systems for actuation. Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) driven microfluidics can address these issues by exploiting a very efficient mechanism of energy transfer to the fluids themselves. SAWs have been shown to actuate a large range of microfluidic processes on a truly miniaturised scale, owing to the very efficient coupling that occurs between the surface waves and fluids that are in contact with them. By clever use of wave blocking and substrate geometries it has been shown that SAWs can generate rotational flows with applications in micromixing and centrifugation [Biomed. Microdev. 9, 647-656 (2007)]. In this thesis we report on the use of focussed SAWs to generate very high rotational velocities in microfluids, and an associated reduction in process time for micromixing and particle concentrations. We then further explore the process by which SAWs promote fluid mixing and show for the first time that the mixing process is in fact dominated by chaotic advection. The last part of the thesis explores these ultra-fast fluid rotations for use as a coupling layer for a high speed miniaturised motor system that could be used as a truly portable centrifugal microfluidics platform, akin to the larger lab-on-a-CD concept. At even further reduced scales, we show that by removing the fluid coupling layer we can drive 1 mm diameter rotors at ∼ 10, 000 rpm by direct contact with focussed SAWs. In this thesis we aim to demonstrate some of the vast potential that SAW driven ultra-fast rotational flows have in actuating centrifugal microfluidics on truly portable, solid state devices.