gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of hepatic motion secondary to respiration for computer assisted interventions (2002)

This article reviews the published efforts to characterize hepatic motion secondary to respiration, with the specific goal of defining the limitations and potential applications of image-guided systems in percutaneous liver interventions (computer assisted interventions). Hepatic motion and deformation due to respiration remain obstacles to applying stereotactic localization techniques to the liver. Respiratory-associated hepatic motion is complex. Nine studies using diagnostic imaging or modeling are reviewed, and their findings are tabulated herein. The significant variations in their findings are discussed, including cranio-caudal translation, anterior-posterior and lateral translation, movement secondary to tissue deformation, and motion with respect to surrounding tissue. Techniques for correcting for hepatic respiratory motion are then described, including gating techniques, modeling approaches, real-time liver tracking, and magnetic tracking technology.
Differential Gene Expression Profile of Renin-Angiotensin System in the Left Atrium in Mitral Regurgitation Patients (2018)

Expressions of genes in the renin-angiotensin system, especially <i>CTSA</i>, <i>LNPEP</i>, and <i>MAS1</i>, in the left atrium in MR patients significantly differed from expressions of these genes in aortic valve disease patients and normal controls. Notably, differences in expression were independent of circulating angiotensin II levels. The results of this study provide a rationale for pharmacological therapies or posttranslational regulation therapies targeting genes expressed differentially in the renin-angiotensin system to remedy structural remodeling associated with atrial enlargement and heart failure progression in patients with MR.
Influence of Biopolymer Carrageenan and Glycerine on the Properties of Extrusion Printed Inks of Carbon Nanotubes (2018)

This article focuses on the preparation of extrusion printing composite inks of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) dispersed separately in iota-carrageenan (IC) and glycerine (G) solution. Both composites (IC-MWNT and G-MWNT) showed shear-thinning behavior when their flow characteristics were tested. Conductive solid tracks/patterns of both printed composite inks were deposited on glass slide, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) sheet, and IC gel films substrates. The conductive patterns were characterized with microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and profilometer. Moreover, their contact angle and electrical conductivity were measured. Profilometry showed that increased number of extruded layers gave increased cross-sectional area. SEM study showed that printing ink is embedded into the surface of IC film, discontinuous on glass slide and smoother on PET sheet. Conductivity of IC-MWNT track was 9 ± 1 S/m and that of G-MWNT was 2942 ± 84 S/m on glass substrate of one layer thick. This is because fewer carbon nanotubes (CNT) are present in G-MWNT track as confirmed by SEM study. The nature of substrate also affects the conductivity of printed patterns. The impressive result of conductivity of printed patterns of composite inks can make them useful for bioelectronic application.
Texture compression using low-frequency signal modulation (2003)

This paper presents a new, lossy texture compression technique that is suited to implementation on low-cost, low-bandwidth devices as well as more powerful rendering systems. It uses a representation that is based on the blending of two (or more) 'low frequency' signals using a high frequency but low precision modulation signal. Continuity of the low frequency signals helps to avoid block artefacts. Decompression costs are kept low through use of fixed-rate encoding and by eliminating indirect data access, as needed with Vector Quantisation schemes. Good quality reproduction of (A)RGB textures is achieved with a choice of 4bpp or 2bpp representations.
Über organische Metallkomplexe, IX. Die Struktur der Quecksilberverbindungen des Acetylacetons und Dipivaloylmethans (1972)

Abstract IR‐ und NMR‐Spektren zeigen an, daß in den Titelverbindungen das Quecksilber an das mittlere C‐Atom der Ketoformen gebunden ist. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse am Bis(dipivaloylmethan)‐quecksilber ( 12 ) bestätigt dieses Ergebnis.
Influence of eye biometrics and corneal micro-structure on noncontact tonometry (2017)

We show, for the first time, that corneal micro-structure influences the IOP measurements obtained from noncontact tonometry. OCT speckle statistics can be employed to learn about the corneal micro-structure and hence, to further calibrate the IOP measurements.
Scalability of Coarse‐Grained Potentials Generated from Iterative Boltzmann Inversion for Polymers: Case Study on Polycarbonates (2016)

Using systematic coarse‐grained (CG) techniques such as iterative Boltzmann inversion (IBI) is an efficient means to simulate high molecular weight polymer melts within reasonable computational time. One drawback of such an approach is however the need to carry out extensive atomistic simulations in order to extrapolate the necessary distributions to derive the inter and intrabead force field parameters. Here it is shown that it is possible to use atomistic simulations of relative short oligomers to develop the CG model for high molecular weight polymers. In particular for the specific case of polycarbonates, it is found that the structural properties (end‐to‐end distance, radius of gyration and their distributions) are similar irrespective of whether the CG potentials are derived from 5‐mer or 10‐mer melt systems. Dynamical properties of the CG systems are smoother and faster than the atomistic ones. Scaling factor, derived by overlapping the CG mean square displacement curves (obtained from different CG IBI potentials) over the atomistic ones, also scales the autocorrelation functions. A prediction of the dynamical scaling factor in the case of the unavailability of atomistic simulations is also discussed. The dynamical properties of the CG melts are modeled reasonably well by all the CG potentials derived from atomistic simulations of short oligomers. image
Force on force simulation that provides facility stability analysis (2007)

The following describes a methodology for preparing a force on force simulation that takes into account the status of the target's environment and the primary objective of combative forces to disrupt the day to day operations of industrial, nuclear, or research facilities. Using virtual simulation technologies, coupled with fast facility vulnerability codes, we propose an immersive environment for the training of security personal such that the effect of explosions or small arms fire on the environment is taken into account. Using this methodology will not only provide a greater insight into the components of interest for disruptive forces, but also help security forces be aware of the facility's essential and non-essential equipment. In this paper, we propose utilizing the Epic Game's Unreal Engine 2 coupled with Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Visual Interactive Site Analysis Code to provide the necessary tools to make such an immersive training environment possible.
Generative AI-enabled Vehicular Networks: Fundamentals, Framework, and Case Study (2023)

Recognizing the tremendous improvements that the integration of generative AI can bring to intelligent transportation systems, this article explores the integration of generative AI technologies in vehicular networks, focusing on their potential applications and challenges. Generative AI, with its capabilities of generating realistic data and facilitating advanced decision-making processes, enhances various applications when combined with vehicular networks, such as navigation optimization, traffic prediction, data generation, and evaluation. Despite these promising applications, the integration of generative AI with vehicular networks faces several challenges, such as real-time data processing and decision-making, adapting to dynamic and unpredictable environments, as well as privacy and security concerns. To address these challenges, we propose a multi-modality semantic-aware framework to enhance the service quality of generative AI. By leveraging multi-modal and semantic communication technologies, the framework enables the use of text and image data for creating multi-modal content, providing more reliable guidance to receiving vehicles and ultimately improving system usability and efficiency. To further improve the reliability and efficiency of information transmission and reconstruction within the framework, taking generative AI-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) as a case study, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based approach is proposed for resource allocation. Finally, we discuss potential research directions and anticipated advancements in the field of generative AI-enabled vehicular networks.
Development of a facile fluorophosphonate-functionalised titanium surface for potential orthopaedic applications (2020)

We have generated a functionalised titanium (Ti) surface by simply immersing Ti in aqueous solutions of a bioactive lipid. As a facile procedure it will have greater appeal to implant manufacturers compared to onerous and costly developmental processes.
Effect of BAY y 5959 on myocardial function and metabolism in normal and failing hearts (1998)

BAY y 5959 is a dihydropyridine derivative with positive inotropic actions mediated by a direct increase in intracellular calcium. We characterized the direct myocardial actions of this new agent in hearts isolated from seven normal dogs and from five dogs with repeated coronary microembolization-induced heart failure. Inotropic actions of BAY y 5959 were accompanied by little effect on duration of contraction and by prolongation of the monophasic action potential (MAP); in contrast, isoproterenol decreased contraction and MAP durations. Whereas inotropic responsiveness to isoproterenol was blunted in embolized hearts, these actions of BAY y 5959 were relatively preserved in the heart failure state. Isoproterenol increased heart rate, whereas BAY y 5959 had little effect. Changes in coronary vascular resistance also decreased similarly for isoproterenol and BAY y 5959. Finally, for comparable inotropy, increases in myocardial oxygen consumption were similar for isoproterenol and for BAY y 5959. In summary, preserved inotropic responsiveness and lack of positive chronotropic actions are two clinically favorable features of this type of inotropic agents compared with a typical beta-adrenergic agonist.
Tumor Cell Growth Suppression by Tannic Acid (1999)

Tannic acid was cultured together with tumor cells that had originated from human malignant tumors (HCT-15 & AGS). Significant suppression of tumor growth was observed. The 50% suppression was observed at the concentration between 50 micrograms/ml and 12.5 micrograms/ml. When tannic acid was injected into HCT-15 cells by electroporation at 1180 mu p and 200 ohm, the suppression rate was 34.3% at the concentration of 50 micrograms/ml in HBS solution. The suppression rate of cells only in contact with tannic acid solution for one hour under the same conditions as used for electroporation, was 26.1%. Histographic findings suggested that tannic acid almost completely blocked the S phase of the cell cycle.
The non-fixed destination multiple depot capacitated vehicle routing problem and genetic algorithms (2000)

Many organizations face the problem of delivering goods from a certain number of warehouses to a number of retail sites using a fleet of vehicles. The Multiple Depot Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem is a mathematical model that closely approximates the problem faced by many of these organizations. With regard to the fact that the problem is NP-hard, requiring excessive time to be solved exactly, we develop heuristics based on a genetic algorithm that finds high quality solutions in a reasonable amount of computer time. Basic procedures adapted to a given problem are presented that enable the genetic algorithm to simultaneously route all vehicles. Also, six versions of crossover operators are compared. The test results reveal that the method is able to produce results of a kind not easily obtained before namely in terms of an amount of information about the solutions and the solution space.
Breeding ornamental plants (2001)

Breeding to encourage specific traits is usual in agriculture but less common in ornamental horticulture. Daffodils, daylilies, hostas, lilacs, magnolias, and rhododendrons are among the 15 subjects covered by experts in the field.
Application of fractal dimension for evaluation of dispersion of filler in composite material; Fukugo zairyo naibu no fira bunsan jotai hyoka eno furakutaru jigen no oyo (1993)

The dispersion mechanism of filler and the relation between dispersion state and electric conductivity as a function of the material, were studied. Quantitative evaluation of dispersion of filler became possible due to the macro dispersion of fractal dimension and to make the micro dispersion index of coordination number. When fractal dimension was big, filler scattered uniformly (macro dispersion is favorable), whereas when coordination number was small, the aggregation of filler broke uniformly (micro dispersion is favorable). As for the dispersion operation of batch system and continuous system, for the case where shear mixing is prominent, the coordination number was small due to substantial breaking of aggregation. The macro dispersion of filler was enhanced when convective mixing and diffusional mixing are prominent. When the value of the product of the fractal dimension and coordination number was high, the electric circuit of the filler formed good and excellent in electric conductivity composite resin was obtained. 11 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.
Characterization of Human Null Cells Isolated from Peripheral Lymphocytes by a Simultaneous Double‐Rosetting Procedure (1981)

Human null cells were isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by differential centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient of the PBL following simultaneous rosetting with erythrocyte indicators specific for B and T lymphocytes. Specifically, the T lymphocytes were rosetted with 2-aminoethylisothiuronium bromide-treated sheep erythrocytes (ShE), whereas the B lymphocytes were either rosetted with ShE coated with xenoantibodies against human gamma globulin or first sensitized with monoclonal antibodies to human Ig-like antigens and then rosetted with ShE coated with xenoantibodies against mouse gamma globulin. Approximately 90% of the lymphocytes isolated were null cells that did not bear detectable B-cell markers-that is, surface immunoglobulin and/or Ia-like antigens-or T-cell markers-that is, ShE receptors. The large majority of the null cells expressed receptors for the IgG Fc fragment (53-93%), C3 component (65-92%) and monkey erythrocytes (60-91%) but lacked receptors for the IgM Fc fragment and murine erythrocytes. The null cells exhibited high natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and were two- to four-fold active than the total PBL and the T-enriched cell fractions. The null cells, however, did not respond to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin and failed to function as either stimulators or responders in an unidirectional mixed lymphocyte reaction.
Expansion of e-Commerce Coverage to Unreached Community by using Micro-Finance Infrastructure (2015)

Most people at the BOP (base of the economic pyramid, the largest but the poorest community in the world comprising 69% of world population) do not have access to e-commerce services. The way e-commerce is designed and practiced today does not enable their participation. The reasons are: their purchasing power is low, they do not have any means to make online payments, and there is no infrastructure to deliver the purchased items to their doors. To enable the participation of the people at BOP, we propose an e-commerce framework by engaging MFI resources and our recently developed ePassbook system. This paper shows how the BOP community can enjoy the benefits of the e-commerce service by using the proposed model. The advantages of making e-commerce available to the BOP are discussed, in addition to the challenges involved in implementing the model.
Active, Close-Proximity, Multispectral Imaging (MSI) for Agriculture (2017)

The e-Agri team in the School of EEE have been partnering with a series of industrial collaborators (Syngenta, G’s Fresh, Barfoots, ADAS, Sainsbury’s, amongst others) to deliver a sensor system technology platform. The impact of the work is being manifest in a range of agri-food areas, including delivering the first prototype tractor-mounted MSI unit (March 2017) for precision control of parasitic plants (weeds). Weed control is becoming increasingly difficult due to herbicide resistance and restrictions due to higher regulatory demands. The early impact will be in the replacement of reliance on hand weeding (£2000 / hectare cost, initially within the horticultural sector). The platform is now being extended to disease sensing in crop and patterning of the fungicides, directly on to leaves which drops the chemical input per unit area by circa. two orders of magnitude and enables curative and preventative treatments to be applied to field crops and, the introduction of potent disease-control chemistries.
The influence of eye colour on susceptibility to TTS in humans (1991)

In order to investigate the function of the inner ear melanin, noise-induced temporary hearing loss (temporary threshold shift, TTS) was studied in humans with either blue or brown iris colour. Sixty-eight normally hearing teenage boys participated in this study. Hearing thresholds before and after exposure were established with a computerized sweep frequency audiometer in the frequency range 0.8-8 kHz. The noise exposure consisted of a 1/3 octave band-filtered noise with centre frequency 2 kHz at 105 dB SPL for 10 min. The mean TTS in the frequency range 2-8 kHz showed a significant difference with the brown-eyed subjects developing least TTS, and the blue-eyed subjects most TTS.
Interactive graph cut segmentation of touching neuronal structures from electron micrographs (2010)

A novel interactive segmentation framework comprising of a two stage s-t mincut is proposed. The framework has been designed keeping in mind the need to segment touching neuronal structures in Electron Micrograph (EM) images. The first stage undersegments the image, and groups touching structures into a single class. The second stage accepts user interaction to separate touching structures. The technique introduces user feedback through a Markov Random Field formulation. Furthermore, a method for constructing interaction potentials using an edge response function is proposed. Encouraging results, and a comparison to state of the art methods is presented.
Supplementary Figure 3 from CK2 Inhibitor CX-4945 Suppresses DNA Repair Response Triggered by DNA-Targeted Anticancer Drugs and Augments Efficacy: Mechanistic Rationale for Drug Combination Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1.0MB, The global role of CK2 in DNA repair and cancer therapies that potentially rely on CK2 mediated repair mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;
Mechanism of C4 Photosynthesis (1987)

We sought to characterize the inorganic carbon pool (CO(2) plus HCO(3) (-)) formed in the leaves of C(4) plants when C(4) acids derived from CO(2) assimilation in mesophyll cells are decarboxylated in bundle sheath cells. The size and kinetics of labeling of this pool was determined in six species representative of the three metabolic subgroups of C(4) plants. The kinetics of labeling of the inorganic carbon pool of leaves photosynthesizing under steady state conditions in (14)CO(2) closely paralleled those for the C-4 carboxyl of C(4) acids for all species tested. The inorganic carbon pool size, determined from its (14)C content at radioactivity saturation, ranged between 15 and 97 nanomoles per milligram of leaf chlorophyll, giving estimated concentrations in bundle sheath cells of between 160 and 990 micromolar. The size of the pool decreased, together with photosynthesis, as light was reduced from 900 to 95 microeinsteins per square meter per second or as external CO(2) was reduced from 400 to 98 microliters per liter. A model is developed which suggests that the inorganic carbon pool existing in the bundle sheath cells of C(4) plants during steady state photosynthesis will comprise largely of CO(2); that is, CO(2) will only partially equlibrate with bicarbonate. This predominance of CO(2) is believed to be vital for the proper functioning of the C(4) pathway.
Minimizing Transmission Electron Microscopy Beam Damage during the Study of Surface Reactions on Sodium Chloride (1998)

: Electron beam damage is a significant limitation for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies of beam-sensitive samples. An approach for studying surface reactions on alkali halide crystals using 200 kV TEM is presented. Experiments were designed to monitor the reaction of NaCl crystals with HNO3 gas followed by water vapor to form solid NaNO3. During beam damage experiments, TEM micrographs record structural changes to both NaCl and NaNO3, including dislocation loops, void formation, and decomposition. Sample decomposition can be successfully minimized by a combination of commonly used techniques: (1) focusing the beam adjacent to the area of interest, (2) lowering the electron density, (3) choosing to image larger (micrometer- versus submicrometer-sized) alkali halide crystals, and (4) lowering temperature by the use of a liquid nitrogen cooling stage. From these results, additional studies were designed that monitored sequential experiments. Sensitive micrometer-sized sodium chloride single crystals before and after exposure to nitric acid vapor and water vapor and the subsequent growth of submicrometer-sized sodium nitrate single crystals could then be successfully imaged using TEM.
Sphingolipid metabolism and cell signaling (2000)

This volume contains information on analyzing sphingolipids, sphingolipid transport and trafficking, and sphingolipid-protein interactions and cellular targets. Its companion Volume 311 presents methods used in studying enzymes of sphingolipid biosynthesis and turnover, including inhibitors of some of these enzymes, genetic approaches, and organic and enzymatic syntheses of sphingolipids and analogs. The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.