gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FIRST-YEAR PERFORMANCE OF THE CHORRERAS PV-HYBRID ICE-MAKING SYSTEM IN CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO (2000)

This paper describes the reliability and performance of the Chorreras photovoltaic (PV) hybrid ice-making system. The system is a first of its kind in the world and is located near the fishing village of Chorreras, which is located along a man-made lake in a remote desert area of the State of Chihuahua in northern Mexico. The information gathered from technical field visits and a GOES satellite-based data collection system are reviewed to discuss system design and operation. The system has been working well in producing ice on a daily basis with only some minor control problems and water line calcification that reduced ice production until the line was cleaned. The hybrid system provides a daily average of 8.9 kWh at 240 volts to the ice-maker. The system Coefficient of Performance (COP) is about 0.65 and a total of 97 percent of the energy has been supplied by the PV array, while only 3 percent has been supplied by the back-up propane-fueled generator. Production of ice varies slightly each month due to changes in insolation and ambient temperatures. Overall ice production averages about 85 kg of ice per day. This project and this paper are dedicated to the memory of Ing. Juan Jose Onate Rodriguez from the Direccion General de Desarrollo Rural, who was the original project developer for the State of Chihuahua.
Fault Tolerant Reversible Finite Field Arithmetic Circuits (2008)

In this paper, we present a systematic method for the designing fault tolerant reversible arithmetic circuits for finite field or Galois fields of the form GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> ). To tackle the problem of errors in computation, we propose error detection and correction using multiple parity prediction technique based on low density parity check (LDPC) code. For error detection and correction, we need additional garbage outputs. Our technique, when compared with traditional fault tolerant approach gives better implementation cost.
The clinical potential of estrogen for the prevention of osteoarthritis: what is known and what needs to be done? (2005)

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a major epidemiological problem worldwide. The lack of established chondroprotective agents limits the clinical management of this disease to relief of symptoms, such as pain and joint stiffness. The marked increase in the prevalence and incidence of OA among women after the menopause draws attention to the possible contribution of estrogen deficiency to acceleration of cartilage degradation. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) seems to counter the adverse influence of ovariectomy on the progression of joint lesions in various animal models, including nonhuman primates. Although decreases in the risk of OA associated with long-term HRT were repeatedly observed in large-scale epidemiological studies, the chondroprotective potential of this therapeutic option has received modest recognition among healthcare professionals. The overall diversity of results hampering our ability to draw conclusions at the present time arises from the diversity of methodological approaches and selected outcome measures of OA. Randomized clinical trials using state-of-the-art methodology, such as high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging that allows direct visualization and morphometric characterization of articular cartilage and biochemical markers of cartilage turnover that can provide early indication of therapeutic effects, are awaited to obtain evidence-based answers to the utility of estrogen in the prevention of OA.
Regional distribution of chest wall displacements in infants during high-frequency ventilation (2019)

The distribution of ventilation during high-frequency ventilation (HFV) is asynchronous, nonhomogeneous, and frequency dependent. We hypothesized that differences in the regional distribution of ventilation at different oscillatory frequencies may affect gas exchange efficiency. We studied 15 newborn infants with a median gestational age of 28.9 (26.4-30.3) wk and body weight of 1.0 (0.8-1.4) kg. Five ventilation frequencies (5, 8, 10, 12, and 15 Hz) were tested, keeping carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient constant. The displacements of 24 passive markers placed on the infant's chest wall were measured by optoelectronic plethysmography. We evaluated the amplitude and phase shift of displacements of single markers placed along the midline and the regional displacements of the chest wall surface. Blood gases were unaffected by frequency. Chest wall volume changes decreased from 1.6 (0.4) ml/kg at 5 Hz to 0.7 ml/kg at 15 Hz. At all frequencies, the abdomen (AB) oscillated more markedly than the ribcage (RC). The mean (SD) AB/RC ratio was 1. 95 (0.7) at 5 Hz, increased to 2.1 (1.3) at 10 Hz, and then decreased to 1.1 (0.5) at 15 Hz ( P < 0.05 vs. 10 Hz). Volume changes in the AB lagged the RC and this phase shift increased with frequency. The AB oscillated more than the RC at all frequencies. Regional oscillations were highly inhomogeneous up to 10 Hz, and they became progressively more asynchronous with increasing frequency. When the carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient is held constant, such differences in regional chest wall expansion do not affect gas exchange. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We characterized the regional distribution of chest wall displacements in infants receiving high-frequency oscillatory ventilation at different frequencies. When carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient is held constant, there is no combination of frequency and tidal volume that optimizes gas exchange. The relative displacement between different chest wall compartments is not affected by frequency. However, at high frequencies, chest wall displacements are lower, with the potential to reduce total and regional overdistension without affecting gas exchange.
Development of Aircraft Electric Starter–Generator System Based on Active Rectification Technology (2018)

More-electric aircraft (MEA) has become a dominant trend for modern aircraft. On-board MEA, many functions, which are conventionally driven by pneumatic and hydraulic power, are replaced with electrical subsystems. Starting aircraft engines with an electric motor instead of using pneumatic power from the auxiliary power unit is one of the major characteristics of future aircraft. This paper presents the development of a novel electric starter-generator system for aircraft applications. This paper describes the main achievements of the AEGART (EU CleanSky Project) project in the key areas, including electric machines, power electronic converters, thermal management, and overall system control design. The developed prototype has been tested successfully, and the test results are presented in this paper.
Small molecules targeting the innate immune cGAS‒STING‒TBK1 signaling pathway (2020)

Multiple cancer immunotherapies including chimeric antigen receptor T cell and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been successfully developed to treat various cancers by motivating the adaptive anti-tumor immunity. Particularly, the checkpoint blockade approach has achieved great clinic success as evidenced by several U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anti-programmed death receptor 1/ligand 1 or anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 antibodies. However, the majority of cancers have low clinical response rates to these ICIs due to poor tumor immunogenicity. Indeed, the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase‒stimulator of interferon genes‒TANK-binding kinase 1 (cGAS‒STING‒TBK1) axis is now appreciated as the major signaling pathway in innate immune response across different species. Aberrant signaling of this pathway has been closely linked to multiple diseases, including auto-inflammation, virus infection and cancers. In this perspective, we provide an updated review on the latest progress on the development of small molecule modulators targeting the cGAS‒STING‒TBK1 signaling pathway and their preclinical and clinical use as a new immune stimulatory therapy. Meanwhile, highlights on the clinical candidates, limitations and challenges, as well as future directions in this field are also discussed. Further, small molecule inhibitors targeting this signaling axis and their potential therapeutic use for various indications are discussed as well.
Polyphenols from Some Foodstuffs as Inhibitors of Ovalbumin Permeation through Caco-2 Cell Monolayers (2003)

Some spices showed high inhibitory activity against ovalbumin permeation through Caco-2 cell monolayers. Pimentol from allspice, rosmarinic acid and luteolin-7-O-beta-glucuronide from thyme, quercetin-3-O-beta-glucuronide from coriander and rutin from tarragon were identified as the active principles. A structure-activity relationship study among the active isolates and their related compounds indicated that the presence of a catechol structure played an important role in the inhibitory activity of each compound.
Supplementary Data from HOXA5-Mediated Stabilization of IκBα Inhibits the NF-κB Pathway and Suppresses Malignant Transformation of Breast Epithelial Cells (2023)

Supplementary Data from HOXA5-Mediated Stabilization of IκBα Inhibits the NF-κB Pathway and Suppresses Malignant Transformation of Breast Epithelial Cells
Using JavaTM to Design Forensically Resistant Applications (2009)

Over the years, Java <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> has become a popular language for standalone as well as Web based applications. Portability and security are the major reasons for Java <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> success and increased level of adoption in various application domains. When evaluating security, Forensics is another area with continuous increasing interest. With research progress of the previous years efficient tools for reconstructing data from improperly deleted documents are available and opened the door for a whole new set of concerns to look at to insure security. In this paper we are describing our work in progress that is related to establishing a Java <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> framework that evaluates the traces left by Java <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> applications in order to then be able to design forensics resistant Java <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> applications.
Cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of the single agent epirubicin versus epirubicin plus tamoxifen as primary chemotherapy in human breast cancer: a single-institution phase III trial (2005)

This study was designed to address whether simultaneous primary chemo-hormonal therapy provides additional activity compared with chemotherapy alone in breast cancer patients with operable or locally advanced disease. Between January 1997 and January 2002, 211 consecutive patients with T2-4, N0-1, M0 breast cancer were randomized to receive either epirubicin alone (EPI) or epirubicin plus tamoxifen (EPI-TAM). Ki67 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in tumor specimens obtained before chemotherapy by incision biopsy and at definitive surgery. Tumor shrinkage of >50% was obtained in 76% of patients randomized in the EPI arm and 81.9% of patients randomized in the EPI-TAM arm (not significant). The corresponding rates of clinical and pathological complete response were 20.2 and 21.9% (not significant), and 4.8 and 6.7% (not significant), respectively. Pathologically complete response was more frequently observed in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (ER-) tumors (P=0.04) and correlated with elevated baseline Ki67 expression (P<0.01). Both EPI and EPI-TAM treatments resulted in a significant reduction in Ki67 expression, either in overall patients (P=0.000) or in patients with ER+ breast cancer (P=0.000). The reduction in Ki67 immunostaining in the EPI-TAM arm was greater than in the EPI arm, leading to a lower Ki67 expression at post-operative residual histology (P=0.0041). The addition of tamoxifen to epirubicin chemotherapy did not improve the response rate but led to a significantly higher reduction in the Ki67 expression. Baseline elevated Ki67 expression and the ER- status were both associated with a greater chance of obtaining a pathological complete response at residual histology.
Optimizing feature extraction in image analysis using experimented designs: a case study evaluating texture algorithms for describing appearance retention in carpets (2011)

When performing image analysis, one of the most critical steps is the selection of appropriate techniques. A huge amount of features can be extracted from several techniques and the selection is commonly performed based on expert knowledge. In this paper we present the theory of experimental designs as a tool for an objective selection of techniques in image analysis domain. We present a study case for evaluating appearance retention in textile floor coverings using texture features. The use of experimental design theory permitted to select an optimal set of techniques for describing the texture changes due to degradation.
Constraints as Means of Controlling Usage of Geovirtual Environments (2005)

Abstract In this paper a concept for controlling the usage of geovirtual environments by means of constraints is developed. Constraints serve to improve the usability of geovirtual environments by guarding the navigation and interaction processes of users. In addition, they facilitate the implementation of Digital Rights Management for geovirtual environments. The presented approach distinguishes spatial constraints, structural constraints, and redistribution constraints. Several types of spatial constraints have been identified for navigation in geovirtual environments. To demonstrate their applications, this paper reports on using constraints in virtual 3D city models. Keywords: GEOVIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTSGEOVISUALIZATION3D MAPS3D CITY MODELSNAVIGATIONUSER GUIDANCEUSABILITYCONSTRAINTS
Study on Operation Management of Producing Service Company for Manufacturing Enterprise (2011)

Based on the value chain of manufacturing enterprise, this paper puts forward the producing service framework for manufacturing enterprise. Then for manufacturing enterprise’s producing service, three kinds of typical operation modes, which are self-management service, service outsourcing and collaboration service, are analyzed. Base on the above analysis, a producing service industrialization model is introduced, which includes demand of producing service, modular service, service evaluation and integration. Then the paper studies the corresponding operation management of producing service from the four aspects.
Surgical or endovascular management of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: an agreement study (2018)

Agreement between clinicians regarding the best management option was infrequent but centered around coiling for some ISAT aneurysms. Surgical clipping was chosen more frequently for non-ISAT aneurysms than for ISAT aneurysms. Patients with such an aneurysm might be candidates for inclusion in randomized trials.
Copper-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Using Mixed Nanocluster Catalysts (2002)

A small library of copper and noble metal nanoclusters is designed and synthesized. These clusters are tested as catalysts in the Suzuki cross-coupling of various aryl halides with phenylboronic acid. It is found that copper and copper/noble metal combination nanoclusters are active catalysts for this reaction, the most active being the combined copper/palladium clusters. Iodo-, bromo-, and chloroarenes can be used. In the case of p-nitrobromobenzene, a one-pot cross-coupling and selective hydrogenation is achieved.
Atomic layering at the liquid silicon surface: A first-principles simulation (1999)

We simulate the liquid silicon surface with first-principles molecular dynamics in a slab geometry. We find that the atom-density profile presents a pronounced layering, similar to those observed in low-temperature liquid metals like Ga and Hg. The depth-dependent pair correlation function shows that the effect originates from directional bonding of Si atoms at the surface, and propagates into the bulk. The layering has no major effects in the electronic and dynamical properties of the system, that are very similar to those of bulk liquid Si. To our knowledge, this is the first study of a liquid surface by first-principles molecular dynamics.
Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Measurements of Shrinkage in the Casting of Metals (1996)

A fixed grid numerical model for phase change problems is presented. The model solves for heat transfer and fluid flow, via the coupled solution of the energy, continuity and momentum equations. In addition, the numerical scheme accounts for temperature-varying thermophysical properties and determines the shrinkage profile resulting from phase and density change. The model is validated against an analytical solution (the Neumann problem), an existing numerical algorithm, results from a melting experiment in gallium, and a casting experiment with aluminum and tin. Additional simulations are presented to determine the effect of varying model parameters and wall cooling rates on the location and shape of the shrinkage void formation. Materials used in the validation and applications of the model include aluminum, magnesium, and tin. Résumé Un modèle numérique à réseau fixe pour les problémes de changement de phase est présentée La modéle fournit des solutions pour le transfert de chaleur et l'écoulement fluide, par l'intermédiaire d'une solution jointe des équations d'énergie, de continuité et de momentum. De plus, la méthode numérique tient compte des propriétés thermophysiques qui varient avec la température et détermine le profil de retrait résultant du changement de phase et de densité. Le modèle est validé au moyen d'une solution analytique (le problème de Neumann), un algorithme numérique existant, et avec les résultats d'un essai de fusion avec le gallium et d'un essai de moulage d'aluminium et d'étain. Des simulations additionnelles sont présentées pour déterminer l'effet de la variation des paramètres du modèle et des taux de refroidissement des parois sur l'emplacement et la configuration de la formation de la soumure de retrait. Les matériaux utilisés lors de la validation et des applications du modèle incluent l'aluminium le magnésium et l'étain.
Pharmacokinetic basis for optimal hemopoietic effectiveness of homologous IL-3 administered to rhesus monkeys. (1993)

To design an interleukin-3 (IL-3) administration schedule for optimal hemopoietic effectiveness, serum half-life (t1/2) was determined after intravenous (i.v) and subcutaneous (s.c.) bolus injections. The initial t1/2 in serum after i.v. injection was about 10 minutes and the terminal t1/2 close to 2 hours. Subcutaneous administration resulted in plateau levels after 2 to 4 hours, while the apparent terminal t1/2 was similar to that after i.v. infusion. The bioavailability of IL-3 following subcutaneous administration was only about 40% of that following i.v. administration. Hemopoietic effects of continuous i.v. infusion of IL-3 was then compared to s.c. administration in either one, two, or three daily injections. Doses chosen ranged from 1 to 30 micrograms/kg per day. In agreement with the more limited bioavailability of IL-3 following s.c. administration, continuous i.v. infusion was much more effective in stimulating hemopoiesis than s.c. administration. Two or three daily s.c. injections did not improve the hemopoietic response compared to a single s.c. injection, which is in agreement with the apparent terminal t1/2 of 101 min. It is concluded that IL-3 is more effective by continuous i.v. infusion than by subcutaneous administration.
Assignment of selected hyperfine proton NMR resonances in the met forms of Glycera dibranchiata monomer hemoglobins and comparisons with sperm whale metmyoglobin (1988)

This work indicates a high degree of purity for our preparations of all three of the primary Glycera dibranchiata monomer hemoglobins and details assignments of the heme methyl and vinyl protons in the hyperfine shift region of the ferric (aquo?) protein forms. The assignments were carried out by reconstituting the apoproteins of each component with selectively deuteriated hemes. The results indicate that even though the individual component preparations consist of essentially a single protein, the proton NMR spectra indicate spectroscopic heterogeneity. Evidence is presented for identification and classification of major and minor protein forms that are present in solutions of each component. Finally, in contrast to previous results, a detailed analysis of the proton hyperfine shift patterns of the major and minor forms of each component, in comparison to the major and minor forms of metmyoglobin, leads to the conclusion that the corresponding forms of the proteins from each species have strikingly similar heme-globin contacts and display nearly identical heme electronic structures and coordination numbers.
<title>Image indexing using wavelet vector quantization</title> (1995)

In this paper, we propose a new technique based on wavelet vector quantization for the storage and retrieval of compressed images. Here, the images are first decomposed using wavelet transform followed by vector quantization of the transform coefficients. We note that similar images map to similar labels. Hence, the labels corresponding to an image constitute a feature vector which is used as an index to store and retrieve the image. In addition, the lowest resolution subimages resulting from the wavelet decomposition serve as visual icons for browsing purposes. The proposed technique provide fast access to the compressed images in the database has a lower cost for computing and storing the indices compared to other techniques reported in the literature.
Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer Susceptibility: Frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations (1997)

Genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility became a reality after two cancer predisposition genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, were identified. Mutations in these two genes were predicted to account for 85% to 90% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes. We present results of mutation analysis of the coding sequence of these two genes in 110 consecutive non-Jewish breast cancer patients with a positive family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. The individuals were identified in various cancer risk evaluation centers in the country. Twenty-two (20%) mutations in the BRCA1 gene and 8 mutations (7%) in the BRCA2 gene were detected. We also analyzed 52 Ashkenazi Jewish breast cancer patients for mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Eleven Jewish individuals (21%) carried either one of the two common mutations, 185delAG and 5382InsC, in the BRCA1 gene and 4 individuals (8%) had the 6174delT mutation in the BRCA2 gene. The frequency of mutations in BRCA genes in affected people in this ethnic group was not significantly different from the non-Jewish population. On further analysis, the data demonstrate that neither age of onset nor phenotype of the disease had any significant predictive value for the frequency of mutations in these genes. These data confirm the lower prevalence of mutations in either of the BRCA genes in clinical families when compared to high-risk families used for obtaining linkage data in a research setting.