gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lessons from retrievals: Retrievals help understand the reason for revision of coated hip arthroplasties (2015)

Coatings have been applied to all surfaces of hip implants with the majority performing well in the laboratory, but there are few reports of their performance in humans. The rationale for coating the metal-on-metal bearing surfaces includes a reduction in metal ion release and risk of adverse reaction to metal debris; yet there are no reports of retrieved coated metal-on-metal hip implants despite the concern that they may delaminate. The aim of this study was to better understand the performance of coated hip implants in humans through findings of three coated metal-on-metal hip resurfacings, retrieved after failure for unexplained pain. Analysis of these implants included quantification of the amount and mechanism of coating loss which was correlated with clinical, imaging and blood data. In all cases, there were large areas of complete coating loss in which the metal substrate was exposed and found to be rougher than the coated areas. The coating loss gave rise to third body abrasive wear of the coating and the exposed metal, the latter of which led to high blood levels of cobalt and chromium. Coating of the bearing surfaces of metal-on-metal hip resurfacings, therefore, do not prevent metal ion release when implanted into humans. This is an example of a need for increased retrieval analysis of newly introduced implants and expansion of laboratory testing regulations to better reflect the clinical environment.
De invloed van religie en godsdienstige samenstelling van gemeenten op de kans op zelfmoord in Nederland [The influence of denomination and religious composition of municipalities on suicide in the Netherlands] (2001)

Durkheims Suicide has been criticised on theoretical, methodological and empirical grounds. While some argued that Durkheim made macro- instead of micro-propositions, others maintained that he formulated micro-propositions but failed to test them with micro-data. Pescosolido (1990) proposed an alternative hypothesis that was supported empirically. In this article, we show that this hypothesis can be deduced from a general formulation of Durkheims theory. Building on Durkheims work, we formulate multilevel propositions about the impact of denomination and religious composition of municipalities on suicide in the Netherlands from 1936 until 1973. Using individual level data on suicides, we find that for every denomination in a municipality the likelihood of committing suicide decreases with the proportion of religious persons in that municipality. Furthermore, in accordance with the decline of denominational segregation in Dutch society from the 1950’s, we find that the impact of religious composition of the municipality on the likelihood of committing suicide is declining. These results are in accordance with Durkheims general theory of suicide.
All-optical switching with a nematic coherent mixer (2006)

The Kerr-like (reorientational) response of nematic liquid crystals (NLC) can be exploited in a guided-wave configuration supporting two TM-polarized modes, by which an integrated-optics switch is demonstrated that is able to all-optically route the signal to either of two outputs. Although the switch optimization would require adiabatically tailored input and output Y-junctions to launch the excitation, its geometry is the simplest offering switching/routing with all-optical control at mW powers. Results on the switching speed is presented.
Electron microscopy of atoms in crystals (1977)

From its beginnings the field of electron microscopy has sought, as its ultimate aim, the ability to study the structure of matter by imaging the individual atoms that compose it. The resolution necessary to attain this goal is obtainable in principle, because the electron wavelengths of the beams normally used are less than 0.1 Å, What has kept this goal from realization are practical difficulties in the design and construction of electron microscopes. These difficulties have now been overcome to the extent that resolutions of 2–3 Å, close to the interatomic distances in some solids, have been achieved.
Portability Architecture for Nomadic Wireless Internet Users and Security Performance Evaluation (2006)

A value added service to broadband wireless network is the remote access virtual private network (VPN). The corporate legitimate portable users can connect to their offices through a wireless network from different locations and get secure services as if they were connected to the corporate local area network. One of the main challenges is to block illegitimate wireless users’ requests. Registration and authentication functions should be implemented with highly secured wireless connection. These functions are accomplished by tunnelling the user information in a secured form to the corporate authentication server through the Internet traffic. The Corporate Authentication Server then grants or denies the user access. This chapter addresses various portability scenarios, architectures, implementation, and requirement issues for portable wireless Internet access systems. Moreover, performance evaluation and comparison are presented for the state-of-the-art security and authentication techniques.
Argon incorporation and surface compositional changes in InP(100) due to low-energy Ar+ ion bombardment (1996)

Angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) has been used to study the Ar incorporation and surface compositional changes in InP(100) after 1–5 keV Ar+ bombardment at various ion fluences. The ARXPS measurements showed that the incorporated Ar concentration achieved saturation at ion bombardment fluences of &amp;gt;1016 cm−2. The surface Ar concentration decreased with increasing bombardment energy. No Ar bubbles were observed by atomic force microscopy, suggesting that Ar bubble formation was not the main Ar trapping mechanism. The altered layers were, on average, In rich up to the sampling depth of the ARXPS technique. However, the altered layers were inhomogeneous as a function of depth and appeared more In rich at the surface than in the subsurface region. The results are compared with those obtained by other authors and discussed in the context of preferential sputtering, radiation-enhanced diffusion and segregation, and Ar incorporation. Although the altered layers were In rich, a P-rich phase induced by Ar+ bombardment was identified in the altered layers.
Spin-orbit-assisted electron pairing in one-dimensional waveguides (2021)

Understanding and controlling the transport properties of interacting fermions is a key forefront in quantum physics across a variety of experimental platforms. Motivated by recent experiments in one-dimensional (1D) electron channels written on the ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ interface, we analyze how the presence of different forms of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can enhance electron pairing in 1D waveguides. We first show how the intrinsic Rashba SOC felt by electrons at interfaces such as ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ can be reduced when they are confined in one dimension. Then, we discuss how SOC can be engineered, and show using a mean-field Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov model that SOC can generate and enhance spin-singlet and -triplet electron pairing. Our results are consistent with two recent sets of experiments [Briggeman et al., Nat. Phys. 17, 782787 (2021); Sci. Adv. 6, eaba6337 (2020)] that are believed to engineer the forms of SOC investigated in this work, which suggests that metal-oxide heterostructures constitute attractive platforms to control the collective spin of electron bound states. However, our findings could also be applied to other experimental platforms involving spinful fermions with attractive interactions, such as cold atoms.
The heterogeneity of Fc receptors on human peripheral mononuclear blood cells. (1979)

Fc-receptor positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBC) behaved differently after a temperature shift from 4 to 37 degrees. Two types could be distinguished. Type I FcRI+PMBC were transformed to FcR-while type II FcRII+PMBC retained their FcR as measured by EA rosettes. The supernatants of the PMBC or the shed receptor purified on a Sepharose 4B-aggregated human IgG column blocked the EAR formation of FcRI+PMBC but had no effect on EAR information of FcRII+PMBC. An investigation was made into the reason why rosette formation by Fcrii+ cells could not be inhibited by FcRI. As an explanation, the role of differences in affinity or subclass specificity was excluded while the binding site(s) on the IgG molecule for FcRI and II proved to be different. The FcRII+PMBC had a greater cellular avidity for sensitized erythrocytes than FcRI+PMBC. The different states of FcR-s in the cell membrane are discussed as a possible source of heterogeneity.
Mechanically Robust and Self‐Healable Superlattice Nanocomposites by Self‐Assembly of Single‐Component “Sticky” Polymer‐Grafted Nanoparticles (2015)

A simple, scalable synthesis of mechanically robust and self-healable superlattice nanocomposites is achieved through self-assembly of single-component "sticky" polymer-grafted nanoparticles. The multi-valent hydrogen-bonding interactions between the nanoparticles provide strong cohesive energy, binding the nanoparticles into strong and tough materials. Furthermore, the dynamic hydrogen-bonding interactions afford the formation of highly dynamic, self-healing, and mechanochromic nanocomposite materials in the bulk.
Should the Aortic Valve Be Replaced in Patients with Mild Aortic Stenosis Admitted for Coronary Surgery? (2008)

Combined AVR and CABG in patients with coronary artery disease and mild to moderate aortic stenosis seems advisable in an institution with an equally low perioperative risk for both procedures, because the patient will need only one surgical procedure instead of undergoing surgery with all the associated risks twice.
Synthesis of Thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazolin-9(8H)-ones as Multi-Target Directed Ligands of Ser/Thr Kinases (2016)

A library of thirty novel thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazolin-9(8H)-one derivatives belonging to four series designated as 12, 13, 14 and 15 was efficiently prepared, helped by microwave-assisted technology when required. The efficient multistep synthesis of methyl 6-amino-2-cyano- benzo[d]thiazole-7-carboxylate (1) has been reinvestigated and performed on a multigram scale. The inhibitory potency of the final products against five kinases involved in Alzheimer's disease was evaluated. This study demonstrates that some molecules of the 12 and 13 series described in this paper are particularly promising for the development of new multi-target inhibitors of kinases.
Use of fluorescence image-guided surgery and autofluorescence in thyroid and parathyroid surgery (2023)

Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) has seen increased interest in recent decades. Technological advances have made it more widely accessible for a variety of applications, including thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Parathyroid autofluorescence can be utilized to help identify parathyroid glands during thyroid or parathyroid surgery and reduce rates of postoperative hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy. Fluorescent dyes such as indocyanine green (ICG) may be used to evaluate perfusion of parathyroid glands during thyroid or parathyroid surgery and help guide decision-making about auto-transplantation or which gland to leave as a remnant. As an emerging technology, additional research is needed to determine the optimal use of FGS in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, including the developing field of molecularly targeted fluorophores. FGS is an exciting and promising field that may help make endocrine surgery safer, faster, and more effective.
The dielectric breakdown limit of silicone dielectric elastomer actuators (2014)

Soft silicone elastomers are used in a generation of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) with improved actuation speed and durability compared to the commonly used, highly viscoelastic polyacrylate 3M VHB™ films. The maximum voltage-induced stretch of DEAs is ultimately limited by their dielectric breakdown field strength. We measure the dependence of dielectric breakdown field strength on thickness and stretch for a silicone elastomer, when voltage-induced deformation is prevented. The experimental results are combined with an analytic model of equi-biaxial actuation to show that accounting for variable dielectric field strength results in different values of optimal pre-stretch and thickness that maximize the DEA actuation.
A Multiplatform Approach for the Discovery of Novel Drug-Induced Kidney Injury Biomarkers (2017)

Drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) is a common toxicity observed in pharmaceutical development. We demonstrated the use of label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and multiplex liquid chromatography-single reaction monitoring (LC-SRM) as practical extensions of standard immunoassay based safety biomarker assessments for identification of new toxicity marker candidates and for improved mechanistic understanding. Two different anticancer drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum, CDDP), were chosen as the toxicants due to their different modes of nephrotoxicity. Analyses of urine samples from toxicant treated and untreated rats were compared to identify biochemical analytes that changed in response to toxicant exposure. A discovery (label-free LC-MS) and targeted proteomics (multiplex LC-SRM) approach was used in combination with well established immunoassay experiments for the identification of a panel of urinary protein markers related to drug induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The initial generation of an expanded set of markers was accomplished using the label-free LC-MS discovery screen and ELISA based analysis of six nephrotoxicity biomarker proteins. Diagnostic performance of the expanded analyte set was statistically compared to conventional nephrotoxicity biomarkers. False discovery rate (FDR) analysis revealed 18 and 28 proteins from the CDDP and DOX groups, respectively, exhibiting significant differences between the vehicle and treated groups. Multiplex SRM assays were constructed to more precisely quantify candidate markers selected from the discovery screen and immunoassay experiments. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity for each of the candidate biomarkers, histopathology severity scores were used as a benchmark for renal injury followed by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis on selected biomarkers. Further examination of the best performing analytes revealed relevant biological significance after consideration of anatomical localization and functional roles. In summary, the inclusion of mass spectrometry together with conventional ELISA based assays resulted in the identification of an expanded set of biomarkers with a realistic potential for providing additional beneficial information in mechanistic investigations of drug induced kidney injury and with similar responsiveness to conventionally applied indicators of renal injury.
Limited Autolysis of Ca2+-Activated Neutral Protease (CANP) Changes Its Sensitivity to Ca2+ Ions (1981)

Ca2+-activated neutral protease (CANP) usually requires mM Ca2+ for activation. The sensitivity of CANP to Ca2+ is greatly enhanced by passing it through a casein-Sepharose column in the presence of Ca2+ ions. This conversion is ascribed to autolysis of CANP. The converted enzyme required 40 microM Ca2+ for 50% activation. Various properties of the converted enzyme were very similar to those of CANP-I, recently found in canine heart muscle. Names of "m-CANP" and "mu-CANP" are proposed for CANPs which require mM and microM order Ca2+ for inactivation, respectively.
Hurricane Directional Wave Spectrum Spatial Variation at Landfall (2001)

On 26 August 1998, the SRA at 2.2 km height documented the directional wave spectrum in the region between Charleston, SC, and Cape Hatteras, NC, as Hurricane Bonnie was making landfall near Wilmington, NC. The storm was similar in size during the two flights, but the maximum speed in the NOAA Hurricane Research Division surface wind analysis was 15% lower prior to landfall (39 m/s) than it had been in the open ocean (46 m/s). This was compensated for by its faster movement prior to landfall (9.5 m/s) than when it was encountered in the open ocean (5 m/s), significantly increasing the effective fetch and duration of waves near the peak of the spectrum which propagated in the direction of the storm track. The open ocean wave height variation indicated that Hurricane Bonnie would have produced waves of 11 m significant wave height on the shore northeast of Wilmington had it not been for the continental shelf. The bathymetry distributed the steepening and breaking process across the shelf so that the wavelength and wave height were reduced gradually as the shore was approached. The wave height 5 km from shore was about 4 in.
Towards Understanding and Evaluating Structural Node Embeddings (2021)

While most network embedding techniques model the proximity between nodes in a network, recently there has been significant interest in structural embeddings that are based on node equivalences, a notion rooted in sociology: equivalences or positions are collections of nodes that have similar roles--i.e., similar functions, ties or interactions with nodes in other positions--irrespective of their distance or reachability in the network. Unlike the proximity-based methods that are rigorously evaluated in the literature, the evaluation of structural embeddings is less mature. It relies on small synthetic or real networks with labels that are not perfectly defined, and its connection to sociological equivalences has hitherto been vague and tenuous. With new node embedding methods being developed at a breakneck pace, proper evaluation and systematic characterization of existing approaches will be essential to progress. To fill in this gap, we set out to understand what types of equivalences structural embeddings capture. We are the first to contribute rigorous intrinsic and extrinsic evaluation methodology for structural embeddings, along with carefully-designed, diverse datasets of varying sizes. We observe a number of different evaluation variables that can lead to different results (e.g., choice of similarity measure, classifier, label definitions). We find that degree distributions within nodes' local neighborhoods can lead to simple yet effective baselines in their own right and guide the future development of structural embedding. We hope that our findings can influence the design of further node embedding methods and also pave the way for more comprehensive and fair evaluation of structural embedding methods.
José Antonio Calcaño, hombre mediático desconocido (*) (2012)

espanolEn Venezuela los espacios e instituciones culturales mueren, al menos, por tres razones: gestion arbitraria, olvido o mengua. Hay algunas que agonizan doblemente: por mengua y por olvido. La fundacion « Jose Antonio Calcano» es una de ellas. Con este ensayo biografico sobre Calcano puede que no hagamos efectivo un subsidio, aunque quiza sirva de algo atacar el olvido. La figura de Calcano nos remite a la musica y a las letras, no en vano obtiene el Premio Nacional de Musica y el Premio Municipal de Prosa. Mucho antes de ser Individuo de Numero de la Academia Nacional de Historia, y ser miembro de la Real Academia Espanola, integra el movimiento venezolano de renovacion musical de comienzos del siglo XX. Fue director, compositor, diplomatico, maestro, escritor y productor. Fue pionero de la radio y de la television, un comunicador que creyo en los medios cuando se les satanizaba, y creyo en la musica y su historia como fuentes inagotables de educacion. Este Calcano no se quedo en la mera evocacion, hizo historiografia, reviso y reescribio. EnglishIn Venezuela, cultural and institutional spaces die, at least, for three reasons: arbitrary management, oblivion and financial need. Some of these institutions agonize doubly: by need and by oblivion. The “Jose Antonio Calcano” Foundation is one of them. After this biographical essay we probably won’t get any subsidies for this foundation, but we hope we will be able to rescue it from forgetfulness. Calcano’s figure relates directly to music and literature. He obtained, with no surprise, the National Music Award and the Municipal Prose Award. Much before being an honorary member of the National History Academy and a regular member of the Royal Spanish Academy, he initiated the Venezuelan movement of music renovation at the beginnings of the 20th century. Calcano was a conductor, a composer, a diplomatic, a pedagogue, a writer and a producer. He pioneered at radio and TV broadcasting and believed in music history as an inexhaustible source of education. Calcano was not happy with mere evocation: he was an active critic and a researcher.
Association of a COL1A1 polymorphism with lumbar disc disease in young military recruits: Table 1 (2005)

A previously studied sequence change of the regulatory region of the COL1A1 gene, the same as has previously been associated with low BMD in many populations and LDD in older adults, showed a strong association with LDD in young male soldiers who were recently diagnosed with this disease.
Precipitation Kinetics of Aluminium Nitride in Austenite in Microalloyed HSLA Steels (2009)

In this work, the thermodynamic information on aluminium nitride formation and experimental precipitation kinetics data are reviewed. A revised expression for the Gibbs energy of AlN is developed with special emphasis on microalloyed steel. Using the software package MatCalc, computer simulations of AlN precipitation kinetics are performed and compared to several independent experimental results from literature. To mimic the geometrical arrangement of AlN precipitates along austenite grain boundaries, a new model for precipitation at grain boundaries is used, which takes into account fast short-circuit diffusion along grain boundaries as well as the slower bulk diffusion of atoms from inside the grain to the grain boundaries. This is essential for the calculation of AlN precipitation in austenite where nucleation occurs predominantly on grain boundaries. By studying the AlN precipitation at grain boundaries numerically, and by comparison with experimental data, it is demonstrated that the precipitation kinetics of AlN differs significantly from the simulated precipitation kinetics of randomly distributed precipitates assuming spherical diffusion fields.
<title>Enhanced pointing of telescopes by smart structure concepts based on modal observers</title> (1999)

Telescopes are pointed to their targets on the sky by the movement of their optical system (reflectors, mirrors) in two or three axes. The achievable pointing accuracy is depending on the quality of the elasto-mechanical system, which is supporting the optics, and the drive system, which is actuating the axes movements, and limited in existing telescopes by the number of sensors and actuators in the axes. With the classical arrangements only the rigid body regime of the structural system can be controlled. Effects in the quasi-static regime and in the flexible body regime of structural deformations are out of influence of the position sensors and drives of the axes and must be handled by other means. With now available smart structure concepts it is possible to overcome these restrictions and to enhance the pointing accuracy of the telescopes by rather inexpensive additional means. In the paper a smart system approach is described, which is based on a modal observer concept. The observer uses the eigenmodes of the structural system to predict the deformation behavior based on the measurements of modal sensors. Results of the achievable improvements are demonstrated by two telescope projects, in which the modal observer enhancement will be realized.
Tunable Plasmonic Crystals Induced from a Two Dimensional Electron Gas (2013)

Abstract not provided.