gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transmit Power Control Algorithms in IEEE 802.11h Based Networks (2006)

In this paper, Transmit Power Control algorithms are discussed to support the Spectrum Management required by the Wireless LAN standard IEEE 802.1lh. A centralised algorithm for the infrastructure mode and an algorithm working on a link-by-link basis for ad-hoc networks are discussed. The performance of the algorithms, in particular the reduction of the transmit power and the enhancements of the QoS parameters delay and throughput are considered. It is shown that both algorithms significantly reduce the transmit power and improve the quality-of-service characteristics of wireless networks.
Development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatographic method for quantification of Irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 in colon tumor bearing NOD/SCID mice plasma samples: application to pharmacokinetic study (2018)

Irinotecan (IRT) is an antineoplastic agent widely used in the treatment of various cancers primarily in colorectal cancer. A new, simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with fluorescence detector was developed and validated to quantify IRT and its active metabolite SN38 in the plasma of non-obese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient mice (NOD/SCID) mice bearing colon tumor. The plasma samples were extracted by precipitation method using acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid. The chromatographic separation was achieved using mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile (57:43 v/v) pH 3 at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min in C18 column (internal diameter, 250 × 4.6 mm; pore size, 5 μm). The method was validated according to the bioanalytical guidelines defined by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA). A regression ( R 2) value of 0.999 and 0.997 for IRT and SN38 suggested the good linearity in the range of 0.1–10 μg/mL and 5–500 ng/mL, respectively. The calculated lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for IRT were 0.1 and 0.065 μg/mL, respectively. However, for SN38, LLOQ and LOD were 5 and 2 ng/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day variations (coefficient of variance; % CV) observed during the validation were found to be within the set limit of 15%. Both accuracy and percentage recovery analyzed and calculated from the quality control samples were in the between the defined range of 85–115%. Plasma samples were found to be stable when stored at room temperature for 2 h, after 2 freeze–thaw cycles and at −80 °C for 2 months. The developed method was successfully applied to study the plasma elimination profile of IRT in NOD/SCID mice with tumor. The results from plasma concentration time profile and pharmacokinetic parameter analyzed suggested the rapid elimination of IRT and SN38 from the plasma of NOD/SCID mice.
Development and characterization of a Z-pinch-driven hohlraum high-yield inertial confinement fusion target concept (2001)

Initial experiments to study the Z-pinch-driven hohlraum high-yield inertial confinement fusion (ICF) concept of Hammer, Tabak, and Porter [Hammer et al., Phys. Plasmas 6, 2129 (1999)] are described. The relationship between measured pinch power, hohlraum temperature, and secondary hohlraum coupling (“hohlraum energetics”) is well understood from zero-dimensional semianalytic, and two-dimensional view factor and radiation magnetohydrodynamics models. These experiments have shown the highest x-ray powers coupled to any Z-pinch-driven secondary hohlraum (26±5 TW), indicating the concept could scale to fusion yields of &amp;gt;200 MJ. A novel, single-sided power feed, double-pinch driven secondary that meets the pinch simultaneity requirements for polar radiation symmetry has also been developed. This source will permit investigation of the pinch power balance and hohlraum geometry requirements for ICF relevant secondary radiation symmetry, leading to a capsule implosion capability on the Z accelerator [Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)].
Life‐style and substance use among male African American urban adolescents: A cluster analytic approach (1992)

Cluster analyzed four variables: school attendance, employment, church attendance, and delinquency, to develop life-style profiles. Data from 218 African-American urban adolescents were used in the study. Five meaningful clusters were retained and subjected to criterion validity analyses using measures of spirituality, participation in a voluntary organization, self-esteem, and friend's substance use. The five clusters were then compared on cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, and hard drug use. The results suggest that a life-style that includes an adaptive compensatory behavior component may be more adaptive than a life-style that does not include compensatory behavior. For example, youths who left high school before graduation but were involved in church reported less alcohol and substance use than youths who left school and were not involved in any meaningful instrumental activity. Implications for intervention and future research on high-risk behaviors are discussed.
Potential model weeds to study genomics, ecology, and physiology in the 21st century (2005)

Plant model systems have contributed greatly to the dramatic progress in understanding the fundamental aspects of plant biology. Using model weeds will also help facilitate focused funding and research in the weed science community. Criteria for developing model weeds require attention to weedy characteristics that impart economic losses and a wide geographic distribution, attributes that present the potential for political and scientific support. Expressed sequence tag (EST) databases for model weeds are the most practical approach to identifying new genes and obtaining data on the gene expression underlying weedy characteristics. Weeds such as Canada thistle, eastern black nightshade, johnsongrass, jointed goatgrass, leafy spurge, waterhemp, and weedy rice are proposed as model systems.
Learning to Robustly Aggregate Labeling Functions for Semi-supervised Data Programming (2021)

A critical bottleneck in supervised machine learning is the need for large amounts of labeled data which is expensive and time consuming to obtain. However, it has been shown that a small amount of labeled data, while insufficient to re-train a model, can be effectively used to generate human-interpretable labeling functions (LFs). These LFs, in turn, have been used to generate a large amount of additional noisy labeled data, in a paradigm that is now commonly referred to as data programming. However, previous approaches to automatically generate LFs make no attempt to further use the given labeled data for model training, thus giving up opportunities for improved performance. Moreover, since the LFs are generated from a relatively small labeled dataset, they are prone to being noisy, and naively aggregating these LFs can lead to very poor performance in practice. In this work, we propose an LF based reweighting framework \ouralgo{} to solve these two critical limitations. Our algorithm learns a joint model on the (same) labeled dataset used for LF induction along with any unlabeled data in a semi-supervised manner, and more critically, reweighs each LF according to its goodness, influencing its contribution to the semi-supervised loss using a robust bi-level optimization algorithm. We show that our algorithm significantly outperforms prior approaches on several text classification datasets.
A Divide-by-4 and −8 Circuit for 77 GHz Radar in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS (2020)

A divider circuit with selectable divide ratio, by 4 and 8, is designed in the 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS of GLOBALFOUNDRIES. Its application is in 77 GHz radar chirp generation, as pre-scaler from the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) working at half frequency (37 to 41 GHz). A combination of extended true-phase single clock (ETSPC) and TSPC architecture is used for the divider cell. The pre-scaler realizes a singleended to differential signal conversion as well. Measurements are performed at supply voltages between 0.8 and 1.6 V. The divider can work between 10 and 64 GHz with sensitivities better than -30 dBm around the targeted frequency range of the VCO. DC power consumption is 2.2 mW for a single divider cell while the complete pre-scaler system needs 27 mW at 0.8 V supply.
Control and State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Stacks (2016)

There is no way to directly measure the state of charge (SOC) for a Lithium-ion battery. Various methods for estimating the state of charge have been proposed like extended Kalman filtering, coulomb counting and impedance spectroscopy but these are not entirely reliable [1, 2]. The models need to be recalibrated after a few cycles in order for accurately predicting the state of charge. The prediction of SOC of individual cells is even more important for a stack of cells in order to efficiently use the stack. Differences in the SOC of individual cells in a stack could lead to the cells being charged/discharged to different potentials, which could affect the safety of the stack or could damage the cells [2, 3, 4]. Cell balancing therefore is an important functionality of any Battery Management System (BMS) which necessitates the accurate estimation of SOC. In this paper, we present the estimation of SOC of individual batteries in a stack using a physics based reformulated model [4], with the use of the voltage-time data while charging the cells. This kind of model adds more fidelity to the SOC estimation as the battery undergoes degradation after many cycles. Further, optimal charging profiles for the battery stacks could be suggested that would maximize the amount of charge stored while keeping the battery safe. Reformulated models enable efficient simulation and control for online control applications. Acknowledgements The work presented herein was funded in part by the Clean Energy Institute at the University of Washington, Seattle and the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under the Award Number DE-AR0000275. References V. Pop, H.J. Bergveld, J.H.G. Op het Veld, P.P.L. Regtien, D. Danilov, and P.H.L. Notten, J. Electrochem. Soc. , 153 (11), A2013-A2022, 2006. W.B. Gu and C.Y. Wang, J. Electrochem. Soc. , 147 (8), 2910–2922, 2000. A. Szumanowski and Y. Chang, IEEE Trans. on Vehic. Tech. , 57 (3), 1425-1432, 2008. P. W. C. Northrop, V. Ramadesigan, S. De, and V. R. Subramanian, J. Electrochem. Soc. , 158 (12), A1461-A1477, 2011. F. Zhang, G. Liu and L. Fang, Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM , IEEE/ASME International Conference on , 1008-1013, 2008. J. Newman, Electrochemical Systems , 2 nd ed. Prentice Hall, 1991. V. Ramadesigan, K. Chen, N.A. Burns, V. Boovaragavan, R. D. Braatz, and V. R. Subramanian, J. Electrochem. Soc. , 158 (9), A1048-A1054, 2011.
Cobalt chloride compromises transepithelial barrier properties of CaCo-2 BBe human gastrointestinal epithelial cell layers (2018)

Exposure to inducers of chemical hypoxia elevated HIF-1α levels and increased transepithelial leak. The degree of epithelial differentiation has significant effects on this action, possibly explaining the varying effects of HIF-1 modulation in epithelial and endothelial barrier function in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
A New Strain of Christensenella minuta as a Potential Biotherapy for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases (2021)

Obesity is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by a high Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Gut-dwelling bacteria of the Christensenellaceae family have been proposed to act as keystones of the human gut ecosystem and to prevent adipogenesis. The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the antiobesity potential of a new strain of <i>Christensenella minuta</i> in preclinical models and explore related mechanisms of action. The antiobesity potential of <i>C. minuta</i> DSM33407 was assessed in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism were explored using targeted transcriptomics. Effects on gut microbiota were further assessed in a humanized Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME<sup>®</sup>) model inoculated with obese fecal samples. Shotgun metagenomics was applied to study microbial community structures in both models. <i>C. minuta</i> DSM33407 protected from diet-induced obesity and regulated associated metabolic markers such as glycemia and leptin. It also regulated hepatic lipid metabolism through a strong inhibition of de novo lipogenesis and maintained gut epithelial integrity. In the humanized SHIME<sup>®</sup> model, these effects were associated with modulations of the intestinal microbiota characterized by a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. These data indicate that <i>C. minuta</i> DSM33407 is a convincing therapeutic candidate for the management of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
Reply to Comments. Adsorption on Carbon: Theoretical Considerations and Solvent Effects on Adsorption (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleReply to Comments. Adsorption on Carbon: Theoretical Considerations and Solvent Effects on AdsorptionGeorges. BelfortCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1981, 15, 5, 601–602Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online23 July 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00087a607https://doi.org/10.1021/es00087a607research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Routes of M. tuberculosis transmission among merchant seafarers (2006)

For centuries, tuberculosis has been identified as a burden to seafarers. In this study, we assessed the magnitude of tuberculosis among merchant seafarers today. Furthermore, we identified the most likely routes of M. tuberculosis transmission by the use of DNA fingerprinting. A database containing all culture-positive tuberculosis cases in Denmark in 1992-2003 was combined with a register on all seafarers and their employment periods aboard Danish ships. All strains of M. tuberculosis were analysed using DNA-subtyping. 64 cases of culture positive tuberculosis among seafarers were identified. The risk of tuberculosis among males was 1.51 (1.10-2.01) compared with the general population. Two of the 64 cases were likely to be shipping-related, 5 were possibly shipping-related, and 10 were less likely to be shipping-related. The remaining 47 cases were very unlikely to be shipping related. Including the 2 first categories, the incidence was 0.09 cases per 1000 y at sea. The excess risk of tuberculosis among active and former Danish seafarers is most probably due to infections acquired in Denmark. Despite multi-cultural crews aboard, including many from high-incidence countries, our study indicates that only limited transmission of M. tuberculosis takes place among crew aboard modern ships or during shore leaves.
Loss of Intranetwork and Internetwork Resting State Functional Connections with Alzheimer's Disease Progression (2012)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Much is known concerning AD pathophysiology but our understanding of the disease at the systems level remains incomplete. Previous AD research has used resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI) to assess the integrity of functional networks within the brain. Most studies have focused on the default-mode network (DMN), a primary locus of AD pathology. However, other brain regions are inevitably affected with disease progression. We studied rs-fcMRI in five functionally defined brain networks within a large cohort of human participants of either gender (n = 510) that ranged in AD severity from unaffected [clinical dementia rating (CDR) 0] to very mild (CDR 0.5) to mild (CDR 1). We observed loss of correlations within not only the DMN but other networks at CDR 0.5. Within the salience network (SAL), increases were seen between CDR 0 and CDR 0.5. However, at CDR 1, all networks, including SAL, exhibited reduced correlations. Specific networks were preferentially affected at certain CDR stages. In addition, cross-network relations were consistently lost with increasing AD severity. Our results demonstrate that AD is associated with widespread loss of both intranetwork and internetwork correlations. These results provide insight into AD pathophysiology and reinforce an integrative view of the brain's functional organization.
Einfluß veränderter Prostaglandinbildung auf die sympathoadrenerge Aktivität und die Blutdruckregulation (1980)

Es gibt zahlreiche Hinweise auf eine Beteiligung des Prostaglandinsystems an der Blutdruckregulation (McGiff 1979). Insbesondere sind reziproke Wechselwirkungen des Prostaglandinsystems mit zwei Pressorsystemen bekannt: Sympathonervale Reize können Prostaglandine freisetzen (Ferreira et al. 1967), Prostaglandin E2 hemmt die Noradrenalinfreisetzung auf sympathonervale Stimulation (Hedquist 1970), und die renale Vasokonstriktion auf Angiotensin II wird durch in loco gebildete Prostaglandine gemildert (Aiken et al. 1973). Bei der essentiellen Hypertonie wurden die Plasmakatecholaminspiegel nicht regelhaft verändert gefunden (Lake et al. 1977), hingegen ist die inverse Korrelation zwischen Noradrenalinplasmaspiegel und Noradrenalinempfindlichkeit bei der Hypertonie gestört (Philipp et al. 1978).
Airbrush Formation of Liquid Crystal/Polymer Fibers (2015)

A homogeneous solution of a low-molecular-weight liquid crystal and a polymer spontaneously phase separates during airbrushing to form uniform fibers with a fluid liquid-crystal core surrounded by a solid polymer sheath. This structure forms because it effectively minimizes the interfacial energy of the phase-separated components while minimizing the elastic energy of the liquid-crystal core. These fibers incorporate the sensitive stimuli response of liquid crystals while maintaining the structural integrity, flexibility, and large surface-area-to-volume ratios inherent in fibers. We demonstrate the electro- and thermo-optical response of the resulting fibers. They may find use as biological and chemical sensors. The resulting fibers have the potential to shape the future of flexible/wearable electronics and sensors.
Multiple myeloma: review of 869 cases. (1975)

A review of 869 cases of multiple myeloma seen at the Mayo Clinic from 1960 through 1971 revealed that 98% of patients were 40 years of age or older and that 61% of them were males. Inital findings were bone pain in 68% of patients, anemia in 62%, renal insufficiency in 55%, hypercalcemia in 30%, a palpable liver in 21%, and a palpable spleen in 5%. Proteinuria was noted in 88% and Bence Jones proteinuria was identified in 49%. Skeletal roentgenographic abnormalities were seen in 79%. Serum protein electrophoresis showed a spike in 76%, hypogammaglobulinemia in 9%, and minor or no abnormalities in 15%, and a globulin spike was seen 75% of the urinary electrophoretic patterns. Immunoelectrophoresis of the serum revealed a monoclonal heavy chain in 83% and a monoclonal light chain in the serum, in 8% (Bence Jones proteinemia). Three patients had no monoclonal protein in the serum or the urine ("nonsecretory"). Amyloidosis was found in 7% of the patients. Follow-up information was obtained in 99.7% ; 82% of the 869 patients have died. Infection and renal insufficiency were the most common specific causes of death. The median survival was 20 months; 66% of the patients were alive at 1 year and 18% at 5 years.
Total pelvic mesh repair (2001)

Total pelvic mesh repair is a safe and effective operation for females with pelvic organ prolapse.
Hierarchical heterostructures based on prickly Ni nanowires/Cu2O nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity (2016)

Metal-semiconductor-based photocatalysts show high efficiencies and catalytic activities in the photocatalysis process. Herein, the magnetic and one-dimensional Ni-Cu2O heteronanowires have been fabricated via in situ reduction of pre-adsorbed Cu(2+) on the surface of prickly Ni nanowires in an ethanol solution for photocatalysis application. The resultant Ni-Cu2O heteronanowires show higher photocatalytic ability than pure Cu2O nanoparticles in the degradation of methyl orange. The enhancement of photocatalytic efficiency can be ascribed to the unique one-dimensional nanostructure and the electron sink effect of Ni nanowires in the heterostructure. It is believed that the low-cost metal Ni is an alternative candidate for substituting the costly metals (Au, Ag and Pt) to improve the photocatalytic ability of semiconductor-based photocatalysts.
Function of the CysD domain of the gel-forming MUC2 mucin (2011)

The colonic human MUC2 mucin forms a polymeric gel by covalent disulfide bonds in its N- and C-termini. The middle part of MUC2 is largely composed of two highly O-glycosylated mucin domains that are interrupted by a CysD domain of unknown function. We studied its function as recombinant proteins fused to a removable immunoglobulin Fc domain. Analysis of affinity-purified fusion proteins by native gel electrophoresis and gel filtration showed that they formed oligomeric complexes. Analysis of the individual isolated CysD parts showed that they formed dimers both when flanked by two MUC2 tandem repeats and without these. Cleavages of the two non-reduced CysD fusion proteins and analysis by MS revealed the localization of all five CysD disulfide bonds and that the predicted C-mannosylated site was not glycosylated. All disulfide bonds were within individual peptides showing that the domain was stabilized by intramolecular disulfide bonds and that CysD dimers were of non-covalent nature. These observations suggest that CysD domains act as non-covalent cross-links in the MUC2 gel, thereby determining the pore sizes of the mucus.
An Analysis of Peripheral Blood Burst Forming Units‐Erythroid in the Polycythaemic States (1983)

Peripheral blood burst forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) were measured by the plasma clot cell culture technique in patients with the various subtypes of polycythaemia and compared to normal. 10 patients with active polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) were found to have a mean BFU-E level of 48 +/- 15.8 (SEM) per 5 X 10(5) cultured cells which was significantly different from normals (4 +/- 1.1, P less than 0.02), patients with controlled PRV (7 +/- 1.6, P less than 0.025), secondary polycythaemia (1 +/- 0.3, P less than 0.015) and relative polycythaemia (0, P less than 0.015). Burst forming units were found to fall to normal levels in patients with PRV with appropriate disease control and then to rise again in patients untreated for more than 18 months. Clinical aspects. Measurement of BFU-E levels from the peripheral blood could provide a useful adjunct from an accessible source in the differential diagnosis of polycythaemia as well as being of use in serial monitoring of patients with PRV.
Racquet Player's Pisiform (1978)

Four patients whose sport involved wielding a racquet presented with symptoms at the base of the hypothenar eminence which were due to minor degrees of subluxation of the pisiform. In two there was in addition a chondromalacia of the articular cartilage of the joint.