gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P4‐296: Novel APLP1 Peptide In CSF Is Useful For Diagnosis Of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (2009)

The increase in the ratio of Aβ42 production has been widely accepted as pathological “gain of function” which determines the onset of familial AD pathology. However, it has not been studied whether the increase in the ratio of Aβ42 production plays a role in the pathological process of sporadic AD that occupies most of AD cases. Instead, many studies concerning an aspect of Aβ degradation/metabolism in sporadic AD have been conducted and indicated the importance of the Aβ degradation mechanism. To understand this trend, it is important to consider the highly aggregatable biochemical feature of Aβ42. Remarkably, in the CSF of sporadic AD patients, the Aβ42 level does not correspond to its generation in the brain. That is, insoluble Aβ42 levels are extremely high and soluble Aβ42 levels decrease in the sporadic AD brains. So far, there are no plans to address the level of Aβ42 production in sporadic AD brains without pathological mutations. Therefore, one of the most important issues remains unsolved. Cultured cells and Human CSF samples were used. Here, we indicated that the ratio of Aβ42 production increases in brains of sporadic AD patients bearing wt βAPP and presenilins as well as familial AD patients. This was made possible by our discovery of a novel peptide that is an elongated form of APLP1-derived Aβ-like peptide and is produced by the same process as Aβ42 but does not accumulate in the brain. We were able to make conclusions by using the level of the peptide in the CSF as a surrogate marker for Aβ42 in the brain of AD patients. First, this study addresses the pathogenesis of sporadic AD. Second, the discovery of this novel Aβ42 surrogate marker has clinical importance. Accumulation of Aβ42 is thought to begin long before onset of AD. If an increase in the relative Aβ42 production in the brain contributes to Aβ42 aggregation of sporadic AD patients, an elevated ratio of the elongated peptide in the CSF should precede accumulation of Aβ42 in the brain and should therefore serve as a biomarker for the disease onset.
The research of MUSIC-AML algorithm for MIMO radar system (2015)

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) is a research direction in array signal processing. This paper estimates the DOA for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar system. The algorithms of multiple signal classification and approximated maximum likelihood (MUSIC-AML) based on linear array are deduced. The number of target sources is also valued in this paper. The results show the feasibility and validity of the algorithm applied in MIMO radar system.
An integrated architecture for dependable embedded systems (2004)

Summary form only given. A federated architecture is characterized in that every major function of an embedded system is allocated to a dedicated hardware unit. In a distributed control system this implies that adding a new function is tantamount to adding a new node. This has led to a order to achieve some functional coordination. Adding fault-tolerance to a federated architecture, e.g., by the provision of triple modular redundancy (TMR) leads to a further significant increase in the number of nodes and networks. The major advantages of a dedicated architecture are the physical encapsulation of the nearly autonomous subsystems, their outstanding fault containment and their clear-cut complexity management (independent development) in case the subsystems are nearly autonomous. An integrated distributed architecture for mixed-criticality applications must be based on a core design that supports the safety requirements of the highest considered criticality class. This is of particular importance in safety-critical applications, where the physical structure of the integrated system is determined to a significant extent by the independence requirement of fault-containment regions. The central part of an integrated distributed architecture for time-critical systems must provide the following core services: deterministic and timely transport of messages; fault tolerant clock synchronization; strong fault isolation with respect to arbitrary node failures; and consistent diagnosis of failing nodes. Any architecture that provides these core services can be used as a base architecture for an integrated distributed embedded system architecture. An example of such an integrated architecture is the time-triggered architecture (TTA). In this contribution we describe the structure and the services of the TTA that has been developed during the last twenty years and is deployed in a number of safety-critical applications in the transport sector.
Glucose Utilization and Ethanolic Fermentation by Wild Type and Extrachromosomal Mutants of Neurospora crassa (1973)

Logarithmic growth rates, maximal biomass, specific glucose utilization rates, and ethanol accumulation were measured in aerobic cultures of wild type and extrachromosomal mutants of Neurospora crassa. Maximal biomass and ethanol accumulation of wild type and [mi-1] were proportional to the initial glucose concentration in the range of 2 to 10%. The specific rates of glucose utilization by the mutants were 13- to 20-fold greater than those of wild type in young cultures. The specific rates of glucose utilization by wild type, however, were increased threefold by increasing the ammonium ion concentration in the preculture medium. The suppressor gene f(+) suppressed the excessive glucose utilization and enhanced the growth rate and maximal biomass of [mi-1]. When the mutants were utilizing glucose at excessive rates, ethanol did not appear in the culture medium. Ethanol accumulation was maximum at stationary phase or thereafter, but there was little difference between the maxima of the mutants and wild type. The molar efficiency of the conversion of glucose to ethanol during the entire culture period of wild type and mutants was about 50% and, in the latter stages of fermentation, approached 100%. Replacement of ammonium ion by nitrate in the culture medium suppressed ethanol accumulation by wild type. The relationship of these results to previous observations on respiratory adaptation are discussed. We suggest that the Pasteur effect, the inhibition of fermentation by respiration, may be operative in N. crassa. Factors such as nitrogen source and concentration and oxygen tension, which may serve primarily to regulate the amount and form of respiration would, therefore, indirectly regulate fermentation. The mutants, although transiently deficient in terminal respiratory activity, do not accumulate more ethanol than wild type and, therefore, apparently do not ferment in excess to obtain additional adenosine 5'-triphosphate. We suggest that the excess activity of the alternate form of respiration of the mutants may be related to their excessive rate of glucose utilization by way of the pentose phosphate pathway and the oxidation of excess reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Chiroselective Self-Directed Octamerization of Serine:  Implications for Homochirogenesis (2001)

Serine undergoes chiroselective self-directed oligomerization to form a singly protonated octamer under positive ion electrospray conditions, as identified by ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The experiments also show a series of higher-order clusters (metaclusters) corresponding to [(Ser8H)n]n+, n = 1, 2, 3. There is a magic number effect favoring formation of the protonated octamer over its homologues and also a strong preference for octamer formation from homochiral serine molecules. Collision-induced dissociation suggests that the protonated octamer is composed of four hydrogen-bonded dimers, stabilized by further extensive hydrogen bonding. Density functional calculations support this model and show that the protonated homochiral octamer is energetically stabilized relative to its possible fragments (dimer plus protonated hexamer, etc). The calculations also show that heterochiral octamers are less stable than homochiral octamers (e.g., the protonated 7:1 cluster is 2.1 kcal/mol less stable than the 8:0 analogue). The implications of these results for the origin of homochirality are discussed.
Supplemental Table 1 from Analysis of Molecular Markers by Anatomic Tumor Site in Stage III Colon Carcinomas from Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial NCCTG N0147 (Alliance) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 1. Univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Models for Clinical Factors and Biomarkers (TTR, DFS, and OS)&lt;/p&gt;
Remote Patient Monitoring for Postpartum Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [ID: 1378058] (2023)

INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) account for 2.5–4.6% of readmissions within 6 weeks postpartum (PP); 60% occur in the first 7 days. A standardized approach to HDP management can improve outcomes through optimized PP blood pressure (BP) management. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has established safety, outcomes, financial benefit, and increased compliance. The primary outcome of this study was to determine the feasibility of a standardized RPM program for PP patients with HDP. METHODS: Participants (n=30) received a phone application and BP monitor that automatically uploaded data to a nurse practitioner (NP)-monitored dashboard. Participants were asked to record a single BP twice daily (6 am –11 am and 6 pm –11 pm ) until 10 days PP. Telehealth visits with an NP occurred at 48 hours postdischarge. Feasibility was measured using a one-sided t test of the proportion of participants with satisfaction (via validated Likert-style post-participation surveys) and adherence of 80% or higher (recorded BPs/expected BPs). Secondary outcomes included readmissions, elevated BPs (mild, 140–159/90–109 mm Hg; severe, ≥160/110 mm Hg), and antihypertensive medication up-titration. RESULTS: One hundred percent of participants completed the program. Overall adherence rate was 91%, and overall satisfaction rate was 92%. Of 450 recorded BP measurements, 88 (19.6%) were mild and 2 (0.4%) were severe, with 0 hospital readmissions. Medication up-titration occurred seven times in six participants (20%). We demonstrated feasibility with a proportion of 0.767 participants ( P =.0027; CI: 0.577, 0.885). CONCLUSION: A standardized RPM program for PP HDP utilizing early telemedicine visits with an NP successfully demonstrated feasibility in a pilot sample of PP patients. Compliance with PP follow-up recommendations was high. Future work to improve systems innovation for BP optimization in PP patients is needed.
Genetic and genomic characterization of vulva size traits in Yorkshire and Landrace gilts (2020)

Our findings suggest that VS traits are heritable in Landrace and Yorkshire gilts. Genomic analyses show that major QTL control these traits, and they differ between breed. Genomic information can be used to increase genetic gains for these traits in gilts. Additional research must be done to validate the GWAS and genomic prediction results reported in our study.
Powered Knee and Ankle Prosthesis With Adaptive Control Enables Climbing Stairs With Different Stair Heights, Cadences, and Gait Patterns (2022)

Powered prostheses can enable individuals with above-knee amputations to ascend stairs step-over-step. To accomplish this task, available stair ascent controllers impose a pre-defined joint impedance behavior or follow a pre-programmed position trajectory. These control approaches have proved successful in the laboratory. However, they are not robust to changes in stair height or cadence, which is essential for real-world ambulation. Here we present an adaptive stair ascent controller that enables individuals with above-knee amputations to climb stairs of varying stair heights at their preferred cadence and with their preferred gait pattern. We found that modulating the prosthesis knee and ankle position as a function of the user's thigh in swing provides toe clearance for varying stair heights. In stance, modulating the torque-angle relationship as a function of the prosthesis knee position at foot contact provides sufficient torque assistance for climbing stairs of different heights. Furthermore, the proposed controller enables individuals to climb stairs at their preferred cadence and gait pattern, such as step-by-step, step-over-step, and two-steps. The proposed adaptive stair controller may improve the robustness of powered prostheses to environmental and human variance, enabling powered prostheses to more easily move from the lab to the real-world.
Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Thrombi within the Coronary Artery Aneurysms of a Young Male SLE Patient (2006)

We describe the case of a 30-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and he was struck with nonST segment elevation myocardial infarction: this was due to the presence of multiple coronary artery aneurysms those were full of thrombi. A diagnostic coronary angiogram revealed huge dilatations in the proximal three coronary arteries with multiple filling defects and a decreased flow rate, and these were suggestive of thrombi within the coronary artery aneurysms. An intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination revealed huge aneurysmal dilatations with movable thrombi in three coronary arteries. He had an uneventful recovery without us having to perform any percutaneous coronary intervention. (Korean Circulation J 2006;36:72-75)
Properties of the OH Adducts of Hydroxy-, Methyl-, Methoxy-, and Amino-Substituted Pyrimidines:  Their Dehydration Reactions and End-Product Analysis (2002)

Reactions of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) with 2-amino-4-methyl pyrimidine (AMP), 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine (ADMP), 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl pyrimidine (AMMP), 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl pyrimidine (AHMP), 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl pyrimidine (DHMP), 2,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxy pyrimidine (DMHP), 6-methyl uracil (MU), and 5,6-dimethyl uracil (DMU) have been studied by pulse radiolysis and steady-state radiolysis techniques at different pH values. The second-order rate constants of the reaction of •OH with these systems are of the order of (2−9) × 109 dm3 mol-1 s-1 at near neutral pH. The difference in the spectral features of the intermediates at near neutral pH and at higher pH (10.4) obtained with these pyrimidines are attributed to the deprotonation of the OH adducts. The G(TMPD•+) obtained at pH ∼ 6, from the electron-transfer reactions of the oxidizing intermediates with the reductant, N,N,N‘,N‘-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), are in the range (0.2−0.9) × 10-7 mol J-1 which constituted about 3−16% oxidizing radicals. These yields were highly enhanced at pH 10.5 in the case of AHMP, DHMP, DMU, and MU (G(TMPD•+) = 3.8−5.5 ≅ 66−95% oxidizing radical). On the basis of these results, it is proposed that a nonoxidizing C(6)-ylC(5)OH radical adduct is initially formed at pH 6 which is responsible for the observed transient spectra. The high yield of TMPD•+ at higher pH is explained in terms of a base-catalyzed conversion (via a dehydration reaction) of the initially formed C(6)-ylC(5)OH adduct (nonoxidizing) to C(5)-ylC(6)OH adduct which is oxidizing in nature. Among the selected pyrimidines, such a dehydration reaction was observed only with those having a keto (or hydroxy) group at the C(4) position of the pyrimidine ring. Qualitative analyses of the products resulting from the OH adducts of DHMP (at pH 4.5) and DMHP (at pH 6) were carried out using HPLC-ES-MS and a variety of products have been identified. Glycolic and dimeric products were observed as the major end-products. The product profiles of both DHMP and DMHP have shown that the precursors of the products are mainly the C(6)-ylC(5)OH and the H adduct radicals. The identified products are formed mainly by disproportionation and dimerization reactions of these radicals. The mechanistic aspects are discussed.
Connecting structure with function in metal–organic frameworks to design novel photo- and radioluminescent materials (2012)

The exemplary structural versatility and permanent porosity of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and their consequent potential for breakthroughs in diverse applications have caused these hybrid materials to become the focus of vigorous investigation. These properties also hold significance for applications beyond those traditionally envisioned for microporous materials, such as radiation detection and other luminescence-based sensing applications. In this contribution we demonstrate that luminescence induced by ionizing radiation (also known as scintillation) is common in appropriately designed MOFs and describe how this property can be harnessed to generate novel materials useful for detecting radiation. Through a diverse selection of MOFs, we explore the structural properties of MOFs that give rise to scintillation and photoluminescence in these materials. These results enable us to define a new structure-based hierarchical system for understanding luminescent properties in MOFs. Finally, we describe some performance metrics for MOF-based scintillation counters, such as luminosity and resistance to radiation damage, and discuss how these materials relate to the current state of the art in scintillation counters.
Efficient characterization of labeling uncertainty in closely-spaced targets tracking (2016)

In this paper we propose a novel solution to the labeled multi-target tracking problem. The method presented is specially effective in scenarios where the targets have once moved in close proximity. When this is the case, disregarding the labeling uncertainty present in a solution (after the targets split) may lead to a wrong decision by the end user. We take a closer look at the main cause of the labeling problem. By modeling the possible crosses between the targets, we define some relevant labeled point estimates. We extend the concept of crossing objects, which is obvious in one dimension, to scenarios where the objects move in multiple dimensions. Moreover, we provide a measure of uncertainty associated to the proposed solution to tackle the labeling problem. We develop a novel, scalable and modular framework in line with it. The proposed method is applied and analyzed on the basis of one-dimensional objects and two-dimensional objects simulation experiments.
Cortical Morphology in Autism: Findings from a Cortical Shape-Adaptive Approach to Local Gyrification Indexing (2021)

It has been challenging to elucidate the differences in brain structure that underlie behavioral features of autism. Prior studies have begun to identify patterns of changes in autism across multiple structural indices, including cortical thickness, local gyrification, and sulcal depth. However, common approaches to local gyrification indexing used in prior studies have been limited by low spatial resolution relative to functional brain topography. In this study, we analyze the aforementioned structural indices, utilizing a new method of local gyrification indexing that quantifies this index adaptively in relation to specific sulci/gyri, improving interpretation with respect to functional organization. Our sample included n = 115 autistic and n = 254 neurotypical participants aged 5-54, and we investigated structural patterns by group, age, and autism-related behaviors. Differing structural patterns by group emerged in many regions, with age moderating group differences particularly in frontal and limbic regions. There were also several regions, particularly in sensory areas, in which one or more of the structural indices of interest either positively or negatively covaried with autism-related behaviors. Given the advantages of this approach, future studies may benefit from its application in hypothesis-driven examinations of specific brain regions and/or longitudinal studies to assess brain development in autism.
Detecting Concentration of Students Using Kinect in E-learning (2017)

In some lectures using e-learning systems, there are some cases where students do not concentrate properly on learning, and teachers cannot grasp whether students properly and intensively studied or not. In response to this problem, an e-learning system that judges whether or not students study appropriately with concentration using Kinect and warns them to concentrate when they do not. Through experiments, the usefulness of the system is examined. Additionally, a questionnaire is employed to see the feeling of students.
The effect of topical insulin on infected cutaneous ulcerations in diabetic and nondiabetic mice. (1983)

A study to determine the efficacy of topical insulin on wound healing in 41 diabetic and nondiabetic mice was performed. The results showed that treatment regimens that included topical insulin provided better rates of wound healing than treatment regimens in which only base preparations or controls were used. Healing rates were improved in both diabetic and nondiabetic mice.
Successful Pregnancies During Ongoing Eculizumab Therapy in Two Patients With Complement-Mediated Thrombotic Microangiopathy (2020)

In patients with pregnancy-associated complement gene variant-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (cTMA), terminal complement blockade is used for treatment of cTMA flares during pregnancy or following delivery. We report pregnancy and delivery outcomes of 2 genetically high-risk patients with cTMA, including 1 kidney transplant recipient, during ongoing eculizumab therapy. In both patients, the first manifestation of cTMA occurred independent from pregnancy. One patient has a history of 2 uneventful pregnancies with prophylactic plasma infusions, and the other has a history of early abortion during long-term eculizumab therapy following kidney transplantation. Overall, pregnancy and delivery outcomes under ongoing eculizumab therapy in our 2 patients with preserved kidney function were excellent as compared with other patients reported in the literature. Eculizumab plasma concentrations were maintained in the therapeutic range during pregnancy and were also detectable in cord blood. Results of cord blood analysis showed deficient complement activity, with low factor and regulator levels, most likely reflecting the age of the neonates and presence of eculizumab in cord blood. In conclusion, pregnancy during ongoing eculizumab treatment appeared to be safe in 2 women with a history of high-risk genetic cTMA and excellent kidney function, even following kidney transplantation.