gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pre-Clinical Investigation of Cardioprotective Beta-Blockers as a Therapeutic Strategy for Preeclampsia (2021)

Despite significant maternal and fetal morbidity, a treatment for preeclampsia currently remains an unmet need in clinical care. As too does the lifelong cardiovascular risks imparted on preeclampsia sufferers. Endothelial dysfunction and end-organ injury are synonymous with both preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease, including heart failure. We propose that beta-blockers, known to improve endothelial dysfunction in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and specifically known to reduce mortality in the treatment of heart failure, may be beneficial in the treatment of preeclampsia. Here, we assessed whether the beta-blockers carvedilol, bisoprolol, and metoprolol could quench the release of anti-angiogenic factors, promote production of pro-angiogenic factors, reduce markers of inflammation, and reduce endothelial dysfunction using our in vitro pre-clinical preeclampsia models encompassing primary placental tissue and endothelial cells. Here, we show beta-blockers effected a modest reduction in secretion of anti-angiogenic soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and soluble endoglin and increased expression of pro-angiogenic placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and adrenomedullin in endothelial cells. Beta-blocker treatment mitigated inflammatory changes occurring after endothelial dysfunction and promoted cytoprotective antioxidant heme oxygenase-1. The positive effects of the beta-blockers were predominantly seen in endothelial cells, with a less consistent response seen in placental cells/tissue. In conclusion, beta-blockers show potential as a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of preeclampsia and warrant further investigation.
Electrodeposition of Al‐Cr Metallic Glass (1994)

A series of alloys have been electrodeposited from a melt containing ∼0.1 mol/liter Cr2+at 175°C. The alloy composition and structure were functions of the deposition potential. Depending upon the specific deposition parameters, the deposit microstructure consisted of the compound, metallic glass, and/or an fcc phase. The Cr2+ concentration was monitored by voltammetric analyses of the quasi‐reversible Cr2+/Cr3+ couple, carried out at high sweep rates due to the limited solubility of Cr3+. Specular alloys were also deposited from a room temperature melt.
Molecular Structure and Interactions (2013)

In this chapter, the authors extend the methods of quantum mechanics (QM) to describe molecular systems. All cases, starting with the simple hydrogen molecule ion, with just two nuclei and one electron, require approximations and can only be solved numerically, at considerable computational cost if high accuracy is a goal. The authors then show how, with the quantum mechanical model as basis, it is possible to develop the molecular mechanics (MM) model, with a continuous energy function that approximates the quantum mechanical description, and allows one to perform tens of thousands of calculations in the time required for a single accurate ab initio evaluation of structure and energy. The chapter also describes the empirical potential energy functions used to approximate the noncovalent forces between molecules.
Trypsin-induced follicular papilla apoptosis results in delayed hair growth and pigmentation (1997)

Programmed cell death is a controlled process that leads to the elimination of single cells via apoptosis. Programmed cell death is fundamental to development, morphogenesis, and homeostasis. Proteases play a major role in the death process. We have previously shown that a serine protease, secreted by a keratinocyte cell line, can induce apoptosis in numerous cell lines. Here we show that serine proteases can induce cell death in vivo as well. Using a synchronized hair growth mouse model, we show that topical trypsin treatment following depilation induces cell death at the follicular papilla. This results in delaying hair growth and pigmentation. We speculate that trypsin might affect a receptor-mediated signaling pathway that leads to follicular papilla cell death.
High-Vacuum Gamma Irradiation Facilities for Synergistic Effects Testing on Optoelectronic Components and Materials (2006)

The assessment of the durability of candidate space components and materials requires the use of ground laboratory testing facilities when no reliable information exists in the published literature. Accelerated tests simulating the radiation/temperature/vacuum environment need to be performed to investigate possible synergistic degradation effects. An irradiation chamber combining high vacuum and thermal cycling with a large range of gamma dose rates has been designed and constructed for this purpose at SCKmiddotCEN, the Belgian Nuclear Research Center. The irradiation chamber module with actively-controlled vacuum is designed to fit in our gamma irradiation facilities. The vacuum irradiation module operates in the high-vacuum regime even in the presence of moderate outgassing from polymer materials. A pressure of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> mbar can be routinely achieved but lower pressure can be obtained in the case of inert and mineral materials. In addition to the facility description, our paper discusses preliminary results of radiation-assisted outgassing of common polymers obtained using this new vacuum irradiation module
1A2-D01 Ceiling beam screw removal using a robotic manipulator (2009)

This paper describes a robot to perform the task of removing tile screws from suspended ceiling beams. Within the larger task of renovating an office building, there are many repetitive tasks that are suitable for automation. With the increasing emphasis on reuse of materials, there is an opportunity to introduce robots that can replace labour while preserving materials in a reusable condition. The robot uses a specially-designed tool mounted at the end of an arm. This tool removes screws by turning them between two rollers. The tool is moved down the beam in a single motion, allowing it to remove many screws fast with little operator interaction. RT-Middleware is used as the implementation architecture, which facilitated development by simplifying testing of individual components.
Rectus Abdominis Muscle Transplant in Lower Limb Salvage (1997)

A recent series of 25 patients who underwent reconstruction of Gustilo IIIB lower extremity wounds with rectus abdominis muscle transplants is presented. Complications include one flap loss and one donor site skin incision dehiscence. At follow-up, a majority of patients were ambulatory and a third employed in some fashion. Comparison with a historical group of patients demonstrates continued improvement in surgical results.
Triple HIV-1 Infection (2005)

To the Editor: Dual infection with different strains of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) is reported with increasing frequency, attributed mostly to coinfection at the time of the primary infection. However, some patients were superinfected with a second virus after the original seroconversion,1 which generally accelerated disease progression.2 We encountered a case of serial HIV-1 superinfection resulting in a triple infection in a Dutch patient who was originally infected with a subtype B virus. A 35-year-old homosexual man was found to be HIV-1–seropositive in March 2001 and was referred for follow-up. Early in July 2003, the patient presented with acute onset . . .
Viscoelastic characterization of wood: Time dependence of the orthotropic compliance in tension and compression (2013)

This study is concerned with the viscoelastic behavior of wood. The time dependency of the orthotropic compliance for beech wood is investigated by performing tensile (Te) and compressive (Co) creep experiments in all wood's orthotropic directions. Time evolution of the creep strain in the axial and lateral directions is recorded using the digital image correlation technique, to determine the time dependent Young's moduli and the Poisson's ratios needed for the calculation of the diagonal and nondiagonal elements of the viscoelastic compliance matrix. The results of this study demonstrate the viscoelastic character of wood, revealing the significant time influence on the mechanical behavior. The unequal time dependency of the Young's moduli and the Poisson's ratios obtained for the individual directions highlights the orthotropic nature of the viscoelastic compliance. Differences between the time dependent behavior for the compliance determined in Te and Co further indicate that the viscoelastic behavior of wood depends on the loading modality. Supported by the unequal evolution of the Te and Co creep strain, the results suggest that the time dependent stress–strain relationship of wood is essentially different in Te and Co. Poisson's ratio values, which are shown to increase with time in Te and decrease in Co, demonstrated this fact. The substantially different time dependency of the nondiagonal elements of the compliance matrix further emphasizes the complexity of the viscoelastic character of wood. Visualized by the time evolution of the corresponding nondiagonal elements ratio, differences between the Te and Co viscoelastic behavior become particularly visible in the time dependency of the orthotropic compliance asymmetry.
241.8: Humanized Mouse Models Are Misleading to Evaluate CARTreg Function (2022)

Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptors CARs can be used to change the specificity of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) for the induction of tissue specific tolerance. We and others have shown that CAR-Tregs specific for transplant mismatched HLA-A*0201 (A2-CAR) can be used for tolerance induction in humanized mouse models. Methods: We now wanted to study the therapeutic potential of MHC-specific CAR Tregs in an immunogenic, non-lymphopenic mouse model. To this end, we generated H-2Kb-specific scFv from phage display libraries to create second generation CARs with a CD28/CD3z signaling domain. Results: The CARs showed good surface expression and strong activation of Tregs with an exclusive Kb-specificity. They were much more effective in suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cell response in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction as compared to nTregs. Kb-CAR-Tregs prevented skin transplant rejection in BALB/c RAG1-/-after cotransfer with equal numbers of effector T cells. To our major surprise adoptive transfer of CAR-Tregs in an immunogenic C57BL/6 to BALB/c skin transplant did not result in any meaningful prolongation of transplant survival in a non-lymphopenic setting. We therefore cloned our anti-MHC*0201 scFv from the initial experiments in our humanized mouse models into a murine CAR vector. However, the rejection of A2-transgenic C57BL/6 skin grafts into C57BL/6 recipients (single MHC mismatch) was also not prolonged by adoptive transfer of A2-CAR Tregs. Although lymphodepletion and rapamycin prolonged graft survival, the addition of Kb-CAR Tregs had no added benefit, although we observed long-term persistence of CAR-Tregs and a strong accumulation of the transferred Tregs within the graft. In fact, the transferred CAR-Tregs made up to 40% of all intragraft Tregs ruling out too small local Treg numbers as the reason for the low in vivo efficiency. Conclusion: Weakly immunogenic humanized mouse models can be misleading to evaluate the effectivity of CAR-Tregs for clinical translation. Lymphodepleting strategies strongly increase the accumulation of graft-specific Tregs within the grafts. In order to develop clinically meaningful protocols for CAR-Treg therapies more immunogenic, non-lymphopenic models are required.
Alternative splicing disrupts a nuclear localization signal in spleen tyrosine kinase that is required for invasion suppression in breast cancer. (2003)

Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a candidate tumor (metastasis) suppressor that is highly expressed in mammary epithelial cells. Loss of Syk expression through promoter hypermethylation is associated with increased invasiveness in a subset of breast cancer. Here, we show that in addition to full-length Syk [Syk(L)], an alternatively spliced variant, Syk(S), is frequently expressed in breast cancer cells. Syk(S) is identical to Syk(L), except that it lacks 23 amino acid residues (deletion) within the interdomain B (IDB) of Syk. We also show that the aberrant expression of Syk(S) occurs frequently in primary breast tumors but never in matched normal mammary tissues, suggesting a contribution of Syk(S) to mammary tumor progression. Expression of Syk(L) suppressed breast cancer cell invasiveness. In contrast, Syk(S) expression did not affect the cell invasion potential. This differential phenotypic response is accompanied by their different subcellular localization. Immunocytochemical studies and nuclear and cytoplasmic fractionation experiments indicated that Syk(L) could enter the nucleus, whereas Syk(S) was located exclusively in the cytoplasm. Five basic residues in deletion were found to be critical in determining Syk(L) nuclear transport and invasion suppression activity; mutations completely excluded Syk(L) from the nucleus and blocked Syk(L)-inducible invasion suppression. Moreover, IDB acted as an autonomous nuclear localization signal to facilitate nuclear transport of a heterologous protein. Thus, the IDB of Syk(L) contains a nuclear localization signal that is responsible for Syk(L) nuclear translocation. The correlation of the nuclear localization and invasion suppression function of Syk(L) indicated that nuclear Syk possesses biological activities associated with tumor suppression in mammary epithelial cells.
Multiobjective optimal suspension control to achieve integrated ride and handling performance (2002)

A multiobjective optimal control strategy is pursued for finding feedback control laws used in controlled suspensions for automotive vehicles. The balanced vehicle ride and handling performances are the main concern of the paper. The ride performance (car body performance) is characterized by an H/sub 2/ system norm, and the handling performance (wheel performance) is characterized by an H/sub /spl infin// system norm, and the control method optimizes the mixed H/sub 2//H/sub /spl infin// performances. The H/sub 2/ and H/sub /spl infin// system norms used in the mixed H/sub 2//H/sub /spl infin// performance optimization are scaled by the corresponding open-loop norms such that the relative importance of the individual variables can be reflected in the performance index for the vector variables. The comparison between passive and controllable suspensions shows in simulation the advantages of this optimal control strategy. The simulation result also shows that the invariant point for controlled suspensions in the quarter car case exists in the seven degree-of-freedom model.
Supplementary Data from Concurrent Disruption of the Ras/MAPK and NF-κB Pathways Induces Circadian Deregulation and Hepatocarcinogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Data from Concurrent Disruption of the Ras/MAPK and NF-κB Pathways Induces Circadian Deregulation and Hepatocarcinogenesis
On-Line Optical Fiber Detection in a Preparative Free-Flow Electrofocusing Apparatus (2006)

Many analytical isoelectric focusing (IEF) instruments are equipped with on-line detection, e.g., conductivity or UV-vis absorbance. Most of their preparative counterparts have not integrated such detection systems and thus require labor-intensive off-line analysis to quantify separation results. This paper describes the incorporation of an optical fiber based, on-line detection system that allows one to follow the evolution of the protein bands in a preparative IEF apparatus. An array of four optical fibers was designed to deliver light to the annulus of a free-flow electrophoresis apparatus, to detect the transmitted light passing through the separation media and to determine the protein concentration at vertical positions along the annulus of a vortex-stabilized focusing chamber using a 1024 bit CCD line camera. The final concentration of the major myoglobin band was 21.0 mg/mL at electric field strengths as high as 333 V/cm. Spectrophotometric analysis indicated a final concentration of 18.9 mg/mL, 10% less than that reported by the optical fibers.
Analytical Methods for Polyphenols in Brewing. V. Chromatography and Spectroscopy of Tanninogens in Malt and Beer (1976)

A 50% aqueous-ethanolic extract of malt was partially dissolved in methanol and the insoluble residue acetylated. The products of acetylation were taken up in chloroform and chromatographed on silica gel. The chloroform eluate was subjected to preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel yielding a number of phenolics. Acetylated (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, and procyanidins B were identified by comparing their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra with those of the synthetic reference compounds. In another procedure, the 50% aqueous-ethanolic malt extract was treated with water and the insoluble portion triturated with methanol. The residue was fractionated by acetone extraction and the two portions (soluble and insoluble) were acetylated. Procyanidins of B and A types were identified by NMR after TLC separation on silica gel. Beer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and procyanidins of B and A types were identified by NMR following acetylation and TLC. In another procedure, beer was passed through Nylon-66, and procyanidin B-3 and a catechin trimer were identified by NMR following extraction, chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, and acetylation. Desorption of Nylon-66 beer tanninogen adsorbate was also performed by using 50% aqueous dimethylformamide.
High-Power CW Deep-UV Coherent Light Sources Around 200 nm Based on External Resonant Sum-Frequency Mixing (2004)

We report pure continuous-wave (CW) high-power (>100 mW) deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light sources emitting around 200-nm spectral region based on singly resonant sum-frequency mixing (SRSFM). Efficient DUV generation is made possible by use of a Brewster-cut CsLiB/sub 6/O/sub 10/ (CLBO) crystal near noncritically phase-matched (NCPM) condition for the SFM of 1-/spl mu/m output of neodymium lasers. The CW radiation of fifth-harmonic wavelength of a neodymium laser at 213 nm was generated by the SFM of enhanced 1064-nm radiation with single-passing 266-nm radiation produced by external-resonant frequency doubling of a 532-nm green laser. With 1.8 W of 266-nm radiation incident upon a CLBO crystal, as much as 180 mW of CW 213-nm power has been produced. The sub-200-nm CW radiation with 140-mW power has also been achieved by SFM of 1064 nm with 244-nm radiation from a frequency-doubled Argon-ion laser in the CLBO crystal operated near the NCPM condition.
GPCR Antitarget Modeling: Pharmacophore Models for Biogenic Amine Binding GPCRs to Avoid GPCR‐Mediated Side Effects (2005)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form a large protein family that plays an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, the central role that the biogenic amine binding GPCRs and their ligands play in cell signaling poses a risk in new drug candidates that reveal side affinities towards these receptor sites. These candidates have the potential to interfere with the physiological signaling processes and to cause undesired effects in preclinical or clinical studies. Here, we present 3D cross-chemotype pharmacophore models for three biogenic amine antitargets: the alpha(1A) adrenergic, the 5-HT(2A) serotonin, and the D2 dopamine receptors. These pharmacophores describe the key chemical features present within these biogenic amine antagonists and rationalize the biogenic amine side affinities found for numerous new drug candidates. First applications of the alpha(1A) adrenergic receptor model reveal that these in silico tools can be used to guide the chemical optimization towards development candidates with fewer alpha(1A)-mediated side effects (for example, orthostatic hypotension) and, thus, with an improved clinical safety profile.
Translational control and target recognition by Escherichia coli small RNAs in vivo (2007)

Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are an emerging class of regulators of bacterial gene expression. Most of the regulatory Escherichia coli sRNAs known to date modulate translation of trans-encoded target mRNAs. We studied the specificity of sRNA target interactions using gene fusions to green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a novel reporter of translational control by bacterial sRNAs in vivo. Target sequences were selected from both monocistronic and polycistronic mRNAs. Upon expression of the cognate sRNA (DsrA, GcvB, MicA, MicC, MicF, RprA, RyhB, SgrS and Spot42), we observed highly specific translation repression/activation of target fusions under various growth conditions. Target regulation was also tested in mutants that lacked Hfq or RNase III, or which expressed a truncated RNase E (rne701). We found that translational regulation by these sRNAs was largely independent of full-length RNase E, e.g. despite the fact that ompA fusion mRNA decay could no longer be promoted by MicA. This is the first study in which multiple well-defined E.coli sRNA target pairs have been studied in a uniform manner in vivo. We expect our GFP fusion approach to be applicable to sRNA targets of other bacteria, and also demonstrate that Vibrio RyhB sRNA represses a Vibrio sodB fusion when co-expressed in E.coli.
Adaptive Two-phase spatial association rules mining method (2006)

Since huge amounts of spatial data can be easily collected from various applications, ranging from remote sensing technology to geographical information system, the extraction and comprehension of spatial knowledge is a more and more important task. Many excellent studies on Remote Sensed Image (RSI) have been conducted for potential relationships of crop yield. However, most of them suffer from the performance problem because their techniques for mining association rules are based on Apriori algorithm. In this paper, two efficient algorithms, two-phase spatial association rules mining and adaptive two-phase spatial association rules mining, are proposed for address the above problem. Both methods primarily conduct two phase algorithms by creating Histogram Generators for fast generating coarse-grained spatial association rules, and further mining the fine-grained spatial association rules w.r.t the coarse-grained frequently patterns obtained in the first phase. Adaptive two-phase spatial association rules mining method conducts the idea of partition on an image for efficiently quantizing out non-frequent patterns and thus facilitate the following two phase process. Such two-phase approaches save much computations and will be shown by lots of experimental results in the paper.
Alternative strategies for trade policy reform (1987)

agricultural policies, commercial policy, export marketing, farm products, marketing, trade agreements, gatt, general agreement on tariff and trade