gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of Connectivity in MIMO Fading Ad-Hoc Networks - eScholarship (2009)

We investigate the connectivity of fading wireless ad-hoc networks with a pair of novel connectivity metrics. Our first metric looks at the problem of connectivity relying on the outage capacity of MIMO channels. Our second metric relies on a probabilistic treatment of the symbol error rates for such channels. We relate both capacity and symbol error rates to the characteristics of the underlying communication system such as antenna configuration,modulation, coding, and signal strength measured in terms of Signal-to-Interference-Noise-Ratio (SINR). For each metric of connectivity, we also provide a simplified treatment in the case of ergodic fading channels. In each case, we assume a pair of nodes are connected if their bi-directional measure of connectivity is better than a given threshold. Our analysis relies on the central limit theorem to approximate the distribution of the combined undesired signal affecting each link of an ad-hoc network as Gaussian. Supported by our simulation results, our analysis shows that (1) a measure of connectivity purely based on signal strength is not capable of accurately capturing the connectivity phenomenon, and (2) employing multiple antenna mobile nodes improves the connectivity of fading ad-hoc networks.
MR Derived Volumetric Flow Rate Waveforms of Internal Carotid Artery in Patients Treated for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms by Flow Diversion Technique (2015)

Little is known about the hemodynamic disturbances induced by the cerebral aneurysms in the parent artery and the effect of flow diverter stents (FDS) on these latter. A better understanding of the aneurysm-parent vessel complex relationship may aid our understanding of this disease and to optimize its treatment. The ability of volumetric flow rate (VFR) waveform to reflect the arterial compliance modifications is well known. By analyzing the VFR waveform and the pulsatility in the parent vessel, this study aimed to test the hypotheses that (1) intracranial aneurysms might disrupt the blood flow of the parent vessel and (2) the treatment by FDS might have measurable corrective effect on these changes. Ten patients followed for unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by FDS and ten healthy volunteers as control group were included in this study. Two-dimensional quantitative phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on each patient on the ICA artery upstream and downstream to the aneurysm, and on each volunteer at similar locations. The aneurysms altered significantly the parent vessel pulsatility and this effect was correlated to their volume. The aneurysms treatment by FDS allowed for the restoration of a normally modulated flow and pulsatility correction in the parent vessel.
Surfactantmetabolismus im Model des experimentellen Mekoniumaspirationssyndroms nach Behandlung mit synthetischen und natürlichen Surfactantpräparaten (2004)

Hintergrund: Das experimentelle Mekoniumaspirationssyndrom (MAS) beim Ferkel geht mit ausgeprägten inflammatorischen Veränderungen und einer Inaktivierung des pulmonalem Surfactantsystems einher. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Wirkung eines rekombinanten SP-C Surfactants (rSP-C SF) auf die pulmonale Surfactant-mRNA Expression sowie die Proteinkonzentrationen im Rahmen des MAS zu untersuchen.
Prof. Dr. Peter Layer (2012)

Es ist eine Freude und eine Ehre, einen langjährigen Weggefährten, Prof. Dr. Peter Layer, als Kongresspräsidenten der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten vorstellen zu dürfen. Peter Layer wurde am 28.10.1951 in Brombach bei Heidelberg im Odenwald geboren. Er besuchte die Schulen in Eberbach am Neckar, Graben bei Karlsruhe und Baden-Baden und legte in Mosbach sein Abitur ab. Seine frühen Neigungen deuteten zunächst nicht auf eine Laufbahn in der Medizin, sondern eher in der Musik oder in den Naturwissenschaften. Als Abiturient hatte er bereits den Baden-Württembergischen Mathematikpreis gewonnen. Ab 1971 studierte Peter Layer dann Humanmedizin an der Universität Tübingen, während er gleichzeitig an Klavier und Gitarre in einer Studentenband musizierte. Peter Layer unterbrach sein Studium in Tübingen für ein Auslandsjahr an der Edinburgh University in Schottland von 1974 – 1975 und legte 1976 in Tübingen sein Staatsexamen ab. 1977 erfolgte dann das Amerikanische Staatsexamen und nach einer Medizinalassistentenzeit am Universitätsklinikum Essen 1979 die Approbation. Seine Promotion 1980 in Essen mit dem Thema „Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der akuten und chronischen Hypercalciämie auf die Pankreassekretion wurde nicht nur mit „summa cum laude“ abgeschlossen, sondern auch mit dem „Ismar-Boas-Preis“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten ausgezeichnet.
Immunity to exoerythrocytic forms of malaria. 3. Stage-specific immunization of turkeys against exoerythrocytic forms of Plasmodium fallax. (1974)

A method for immunization of turkeys against exoerythrocytic infection with Plasmodium fallax was devised using formalin-killed merozoites (FKM) from cultures of infected turkey embryo fibroblasts. A single intramuscular injection of FKM combined with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) followed at weekly intervals by 2 intravenous (i.v.) injections of FKM in Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) (a total of 5.0 X 106 FKM) resulted in 100% survival of turkeys after challenge with infective merozoites when blood stages were drug-suppressed. Two weekly i.v. injections totaling 3.5 X 106 FKM without CFA resulted in 80% survival after challenge. Only 20% of untreated control birds, and about 40% of birds receiving normal cell culture medium overlay, with or without CFA prior to challenge, survived infection. When FKM-immunized birds were challenged with infective merozoites from culture and received no drug suppression of blood stages, parasitemias were similar to those in control turkeys. Also, challenge of FKM-immunized turkeys with parasitized erythrocytes resulted in parasitemias similar to those of control birds. The development of exoerythrocytic stages subsequent to blood-stage infection was suppressed in most FKM-immunized turkeys, while control turkeys eventually died with heavy exoerythrocytic infections in brain capillaries. Past efforts to immunize animals against infection with malaria parasites have been directed at the use of erythrocytic stages or sporozoites as immunogens. Varying degrees of success have been achieved using killed erythrocytic stages of avian malaria parasites (Redmond, 1939; Gingrich, 1941; Jacobs, 1943; Richards, 1966). The use of adjuvants in combination with killed erythrocytic parasites increased the degree of immunity to subsequent infection (Freund et al., 1945; Thomson et al., 1947). The use of killed sporozoites for immunization was effective against mosquito-transmitted avian malaria (Mulligan et al., 1941; Russell and Mohan, 1942), although birds immune to sporozoite challenge were susceptible to infection induced with erythrocytic stages (Russell et al., 1942). Richards (1966) achieved more effective immunization of chickens with killed sporozoites than with killed blood stages of Plasmodium gallinaceum. The development of a culture system for the growth and maintenance of cells infected with exoerythrocytic stages of avian malaria paraReceived for publication 18 September 1973. * Supported by Research Grant AI-08988, and in part by AI-00092, NIAID, U. S. Public Health Service. t Deceased, 27 March 1973. sites (review by Huff, 1969) presents an opportunity for specific immunization with that stage. The results of studies utilizing exoerythrocytic merozoites from infected cell cultures as immunogens against infection of turkeys with P. fallax are herein presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Revue généraleAtaxies épisodiques génétiquesHereditary episodic ataxia (2011)

Introduction
Episodic ataxia (EA) designates a group of autosomal dominant channelopathies that manifest as paroxysmal attacks of imbalance and incoordination. EA conditions are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Seven types of EA have been reported so far but the majority of clinical cases result from two recognized entities.
Influence of endo-mycorrhiza on Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata / tea-hortensia cultivation and dihydroisocoumarin content (2023)

ISHS XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022): International Symposium on Adaptation of Horticultural Plants to Abiotic Stresses Influence of endo-mycorrhiza on Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata / tea-hortensia cultivation and dihydroisocoumarin content
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF BIS(PHENYLTHIO)METHYL DERIVATIVES OF MERCURY (1977)

Abstract Die Hg‐Verbindungen (III) werden durch Umsetzung der Hg(II)‐halogenide (I) mit Bis‐[phenylmercapto]‐methyl‐Li dargestellt.
Flowrate measurement of air-water two-phase flow using an Electrical Resistance Tomography sensor and a Venturi meter (2009)

A flowrate measurement method for air-water two-phase flow is developed using an Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) sensor and a Venturi meter. With the conductance values measured by the ERT sensor, the real-time flow pattern is identified and the voidage is also calculated. The Butterworth correlation is applied to calculate the mass quality from the voidage value, and then six Venturi measurement correlations are introduced to predict the mass flowrate of two-phase flow. The flow pattern classifier is constructed by using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method and the Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) classification method. The voidage measurement models are developed by using the PLS method and the LS-SVM regression method for different flow patterns. Experiment results verify that this measurement method is effective. The research work also shows that among the six Venturi measurement correlations the Collins correlation always performs the best for the flow condition in this work.
Synchronization of chaotic lasers by optical feedback for cryptographic applications (1997)

We propose a new scheme for synchronization of the optical chaos generated by a semiconductor laser subjected to external reflection. The scheme is based on optical feedback and will be analyzed from the viewpoint of static and dynamic properties and of robustness to external perturbations and noise. An application to cryptographic communications (chaotic shift keying) is finally proposed.
A New Method of Voltage Sag and Swell Detection (2007)

The fundamental voltage, current, and phase angle are required for a wide variety of power system applications. An algorithm that is capable of calculating or estimating these quantities in real time, in the presence of distorted waveforms, finds application in diverse areas of power systems. Techniques to detect voltage sag include the root mean square (rms), Fourier transform, and peak voltage detection methods. The problem with these methods is that they use a windowing technique and can therefore be too slow when applied to detect voltage sags for mitigation since they use historical data. Recent work in the field of signal processing has led to an algorithm that can extract a single non-stationary sinusoidal signal out of a given multi-component input signal. The algorithm is capable of estimating the amplitude, phase and frequency. In this paper, the algorithm is compared to existing methods of sag detection
Visual tools for temporal reasoning (2002)

We describe a prototype toolkit for reasoning about Graphical Interval Logic (GIL) specifications of concurrent systems. GIL is a visual temporal logic that is intended to be more intuitive and easier to use than standard textual temporal logics. The GIL toolkit helps system designers to create graphical specifications of concurrent systems, to verify properties of those systems from their specifications, and to generate models that satisfy the specifications. The toolkit provides a visual interface with specifications, proofs, and models all depicted graphically. The paper describes the toolkit, discusses its implementation, and provides an illustration of its use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Message in a bottle (2013)

Exploiting recent advances in monitoring technology and the drop of its costs, authoritarian and oppressive regimes are tightening the grip around the virtual lives of their citizens. Meanwhile, the dissidents, oppressed by these regimes, are organizing online, cloaking their activity with anti-censorship systems that typically consist of a network of anonymizing proxies. The censors have become well aware of this, and they are systematically finding and blocking all the entry points to these networks. So far, they have been quite successful. We believe that, to achieve resilience to blocking, anti-censorship systems must abandon the idea of having a limited number of entry points. Instead, they should establish first contact in an online location arbitrarily chosen by each of their users. To explore this idea, we have developed Message In A Bottle, a protocol where any blog post becomes a potential "drop point" for hidden messages. We have developed and released a proof-of-concept application of our system, and demonstrated its feasibility. To block this system, censors are left with a needle-in-a-haystack problem: Unable to identify what bears hidden messages, they must block everything, effectively disconnecting their own network from a large part of the Internet. This, hopefully, is a cost too high to bear.
Gsprotein peptidomimetics as allosteric modulators of the β2-adrenergic receptor (2018)

A series of G<sub>s</sub> protein peptidomimetics were designed and synthesised based on the published X-ray crystal structure of the active state β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor (β<sub>2</sub>AR) in complex with the G<sub>s</sub> protein (PDB 3SN6). We hypothesised that such peptidomimetics may function as allosteric modulators that target the intracellular G<sub>s</sub> protein binding site of the β<sub>2</sub>AR. Peptidomimetics were designed to mimic the 15 residue C-terminal α-helix of the G<sub>s</sub> protein and were pre-organised in a helical conformation by (<i>i</i>, <i>i</i> + 4)-stapling using copper catalysed azide alkyne cycloaddition. Linear and stapled peptidomimetics were analysed by circular dichroism (CD) and characterised in a membrane-based cAMP accumulation assay and in a bimane fluorescence assay on purified β<sub>2</sub>AR. Several peptidomimetics inhibited agonist isoproterenol (ISO) induced cAMP formation by lowering the ISO maximal efficacy up to 61%. Moreover, some peptidomimetics were found to significantly decrease the potency of ISO up to 39-fold. In the bimane fluorescence assay none of the tested peptidomimetics could stabilise an active-like conformation of β<sub>2</sub>AR. Overall, the obtained pharmacological data suggest that some of the peptidomimetics may be able to compete with the native G<sub>s</sub> protein for the intracellular binding site to block ISO-induced cAMP formation, but are unable to stabilise an active-like receptor conformation.
Increased Susceptibility to Salmonella Infection in Signal Regulatory Protein α-Deficient Mice (2012)

Recent studies have shed light on the connection between elevated erythropoetin production/spleen erythropoiesis and increased susceptibility to Salmonella infection. In this article, we provide another mouse model, the SIRPα-deficient (Sirpα⁻/⁻) mouse, that manifests increased erythropoiesis as well as heightened susceptibility to Salmonella infection. Sirpα⁻/⁻ mice succumbed to systemic infection with attenuated Salmonella, possessing significantly higher bacterial loads in both the spleen and the liver. Moreover, Salmonella-specific Ab production and Ag-specific CD4 T cells were reduced in Sirpα⁻/⁻ mice compared with wild-type controls. To further characterize the potential mechanism underlying SIRPα-dependent Ag-specific CD4 T cell priming, we demonstrate that lack of SIRPα expression on dendritic cells results in less efficient Ag processing and presentation in vitro. Collectively, these findings demonstrate an indispensable role of SIRPα for protective immunity to Salmonella infection.
Remarkable carbene-induced transformation of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-triphosphabenzene, P3C3But3, to the 1,2,4-triphosphole, P3C2But2CBut(carbene). Crystal and molecular structure of the planar triphosphole complex [Mo(CO)3(η5-P3C2But2CBut(carbene))] [carbene = C(N(Me)C(Me)=C(Me)N(Me))] (2000)

Treatment of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-triphosphabenzene, P3C3But3, with the stable carbene 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene affords the planar 1,2,4-triphosphole, P3C2But2CBut(carben e), [carbene = C(N(Me)C(Me)C(Me)N(Me))] which has been structurally characterised as its η5- ligated [Mo(CO)3] complex; theoretical calculations are presented on the mechanism of this novel reaction.
Typing ad hoc data (2007)

Traditionally, types describe the internal data manipulated by programs. To accommodate the variety of desired data structures, language designers and type theorists have developed a wide variety of types and type constructors. But not all useful data is in programs; in fact, enormous amounts of it sit on disks or stream by on wires in a dizzying array of encodings and formats. It turns out that many of the types developed for internal data can be used to describe external data: tuples, records, unions, options, and lists come to mind as obvious examples. Perhaps more surprisingly, recursive types, singletons, functions, parametric polymorphism, and dependent types are relevant as well. Using types to describe external data leads naturally to the insight that we can reuse the same type to define an internal data structure and to generate parsing and printing functions to map between the two representations. The PADS project [1] has exploited this idea, building data description languages based on the type structure of C (PADS/C [3] and on ML (PADS/ML [5] and exploring the theoretical basis for such languages with the Data Description Calculus (DDC) [4]. Other groups have also leveraged this insight, most closely the work on DataScript [2] and PacketTypes [6]. Continuing the analogy, it turns out that other concepts from the types world are also relevant to ad hoc data processing, including generic programming, type inference, type isomorphisms, and subtyping.In this talk, I will describe the domain of ad hoc data processing and explain how types enable precise descriptions of such data. I will then explore the question of type inference, describing quantitative techniques we are currently developing to construct a description of ad hoc data given example instances.
GCN5-mediated regulation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy via activation of the TAK1-JNK/p38 signaling pathway (2022)

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a process of abnormal remodeling of cardiomyocytes in response to pressure overload or other stress stimuli, resulting in myocardial injury, which is a major risk factor for heart failure, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. General control nonrepressed protein 5 (GCN5)/lysine acetyltransferase 2 A, a member of the histone acetyltransferase and lysine acetyltransferase families, regulates a variety of physiological and pathological events. However, the function of GCN5 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of GCN5 in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. GCN5 expression was increased in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and mouse hearts of a hypertrophic mouse model. GCN5 overexpression aggravated the cardiac hypertrophy triggered by transverse aortic constriction surgery. In contrast, inhibition of GCN5 impairs the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Similar results were obtained upon stimulation of NRCMs (having GCN5 overexpressed or knocked down) with phenylephrine. Mechanistically, our results indicate that GCN5 exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy via excessive activation of the transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 signaling pathway. Using a TAK1-specific inhibitor in rescue experiments confirmed that the activation of TAK1 is essential for GCN5-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. In summary, the current study elucidated the role of GCN5 in promotion of cardiac hypertrophy, thereby implying it to be a potential target for treatment.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (2008)

Intact insulin secretion in response to glucose and impairment of insulin clearance in l-SACC1 and Cc1(-/-) mice suggest that the principal role of CEACAM1 in insulin action is to mediate insulin clearance in liver.
Predicting the Stresses and Displacements in Femoral Intramedullary Nails and Screws Using a Finite Element Model (2007)

A femoral intramedullary nail is a metal rod which is inserted into the femoral canal to stabilize fractures of the long bone. The retrograde femoral nail is a type of intramedullary nail which is inserted at the distal end of the long bone and is typically used for distal femur fractures. While the success rates are high, some complications still exist, including failure of the nail through the screw holes, failure or loosening of screws, and bone fracture [1]. There are many design variables that affect clinical performance including the implant material, nail and screw diameters, the number of screws, and the nail and screw position and orientation. To help determine the most suitable design for a given fracture the effect of the above variables on the stresses and displacements in the nail, screws, and bone may be important to consider.
Triangular ZnO Nanosheets: Synthesis, Crystallography and Cathodoluminescence (2013)

ZnO nanosheets with triangular morphology have been synthesized on an Au-coated silicon substrate through a facile thermal evaporation process. The morphologies and microstructures of the nanosheets were studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). These studies show that a nanosheet is commonly composed of two parts: a triangular ZnO sheet and an Au nanoparticle attached on its tip-end. Detailed crystallography analyses conclude that the formation of the highly crystalline nanostructures can be assigned to a combination of a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) process that is believed to be responsible for its initial nucleation and subsequent crystallization along the growth direction, and a vapor–solid (VS) process that is responsible for its further radial growth. The spatially-resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra exhibit a sharp strong near-band-edge (NBE) emission in the ultraviolet range and a negligible green emission.