gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Test point insertion that facilitates ATPG in reducing test time and data volume (2003)

Efficient production testing is frequently hampered because current digital circuits require test sets which are too large. These test sets can be reduced significantly by means of test point insertion (TPI). The state-of-the-art TPI methods only focus on solving one or two possible testability problems, and sometimes even fail to result in test set size reduction because they focus on the wrong testability problem. In this paper, we propose two TPI pre-process methods that analyze the circuit and select the TPI method that will focus on the testability problems that really exist. Experimental results indicate that with these pre-processes, better test set size reductions can be achieved. Gate-delay fault ATPG test sets tend to be even larger than stuck-at fault ATPG test sets. In this paper we have evaluated the impact of TPI on gate-delay fault test sets. Experimental results indicate that TPI also results in a significant test set size reduction for gate-delay fault ATPG.
Comprehensive analysis of genetic polymorphisms and irinotecan-induced adverse events in Japanese gastrointestinal cancer patients: A DMET microarray profiling study. (2012)

e21108 Background: Irinotecan is a key drug in the treatment of colorectal and gastric cancer, that may occasionally cause severe adverse events (AEs), especially neutropenia and diarrhea. Although UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 polymorphisms are used as biomarkers for predicting AEs, the effect of UGT1A1 polymorphism in clinical use is limited, suggesting that there is a possibility of the existence of other, unknown biomarkers. Methods: Fourteen gastrointestinal cancer (5 gastric, 9 colorectal) patients who had undergone irinotecan-based chemotherapy were enrolled. DNA extracted from peripheral blood cells was genotyped by the DMET Plus microarray system, and 1,931 gene polymorphisms were investigated. The relationship between AEs and polymorphisms was analyzed statistically. Results: Eleven polymorphisms showed the P value &lt; 0.05 with grade 3,4 neutropenia, but no statistically significant polymorphisms were found after the correction of multiple comparisons. With respect to the association with diarrhea, 12 polymorphisms showed P &lt;0.05, and even after the correction of multiple comparisons, CYP2F1_96G&gt;A(P32P) showed a significant relationship (P&lt;0.00001). With respect to the relationship between UGT1A1*6, *28 polymorphisms and AEs, *6 polymorphism showed significant (P=0.044) association with grade 4 neutropenia. Conclusions: CYP2F1_96G&gt;A showed significant association with diarrhea. The association of UGT1A1*6 polymorphism and neutropenia was confirmed, as in previous reports.
How to Filter an “Individual Sequence With Feedback” (2008)

We consider causally estimating (filtering) the components of a noise-corrupted sequence relative to a reference class of filters. The noiseless sequence to be filtered is designed by a ldquowell-informed antagonist,rdquo meaning it may evolve according to an arbitrary law, unknown to the filter, based on past noiseless and noisy sequence components. We show that this setting is more challenging than that of an individual noiseless sequence (a.k.a. the ldquosemi-stochasticrdquo setting) in the sense that any deterministic filter, even one guaranteed to do well on every noiseless individual sequence, fails under some well-informed antagonist. On the other hand, we constructively establish the existence of a randomized filter which successfully competes with an arbitrary given finite reference class of filters, under every antagonist. Thus, unlike in the semi-stochastic setting, randomization is crucial in the antagonist framework. Our noise model allows for channels whose noisy output depends on the l past channel outputs (in addition to the noiseless channel input symbol). Memoryless channels are obtained as a special case of our model by taking I = 0. In this case, our scheme coincides with one that was recently shown to compete with an arbitrary reference class when the underlying noiseless sequence is an individual sequence. Hence, our results show that the latter scheme is universal not only for the semi-stochastic setting in which it was originally proposed, but also under the well-informed antagonist.
Cube collect: a new strategy to make efficient the classical cell-to-cell algorithm (2005)

Cell-to-cell mapping is a very attractive methodology for the analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems, however classical implementation of this procedure makes it not suitable for practical applications due to the huge amount of memory requested. In this paper a new and highly efficient algorithm, named Cube Collect, is presented. It allows one to accurately analyze the behavior of high dimensional systems, in large regions of the state space, by using only a small amount of memory. Some results are reported in order to show the widespread suitability of the new procedure implemented.
E-235 Use of 45 mg twice daily ticagrelor with 81 mg aspirin for endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a single center experience (2020)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Stent assisted coiling (SAC) and Flow diverter (FD) placement are commonly used techniques for the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA). Stents and FDs require dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT ) to prevent in-stent thrombosis. The selection of medications is mainly operator dependent. Cardiovascular literature suggests that the use of Aspirin 81 mg in conjunction with low dose Ticagrelor (45 mg twice daily) is superior than the use of Clopidogrel 75 mg and Aspiring 325 mg. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent treatment of UIA at our institution using SAC or FD from 2016–2019. The patients who are on anticoagulation or did not have a pre-procedure P2Y12 inhibition assay were excluded. The patient group receiving Brilinta 45 mg twice daily with aspirin 81 mg daily (Group 1) was compared with the patient group receiving Plavix 75 mg daily with aspirin 325 mg daily (Group 2). The primary outcome was defined as intraoperative or acute (during hospitalization) postoperative stroke. Secondary outcomes included ischemic stroke after discharge within one year from treatment, and differences in P2Y12 inhibition assay values between the two groups. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 111 patients were identified that met the inclusion criteria, 42 (37.8%) in Group 1, and 69 in Group 2 (62.2%) protocol. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between the two groups; Group 1, (2 patients,4.7%), and Group 2 (1 patient,1.4%) (p=0.11). All the primary end point events in both groups were related to FD. Clinically significant ischemic stroke after discharge within one year was also not significantly different (2 patients (4.7%) in Group 1 Vs. 3 patients (4.3%) in Group 2, p=0.277). The P2Y12 inhibition assay level was significantly lower in Group 1, when compared to Group 2 (71.6 Vs 94.8, p=0.027). There was no significant difference in the number of patients achieving a therapeutic value for the P2Y12 inhibition assay value (&lt;194 at our instituion’s laboratory) (83.3 in Group 1 Vs. 82.6%, p=0.92). One patient in Group 2 experienced a clinically significant groin hematoma, and one patient in the same group experienced a significant gastrointestinal bleed. No significant hemorrhagic events occured in patients belonging to Group 2. There was also no instance of remote intracerebral hemorrhage or post treatment aneurysm rupture in either group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Lower preoperative P2Y12 assay values from the use of 45 mg twice daily Ticagrelor with 81 mg Aspirin for treatment of UIAs with SAC or FD placement did not result in decreased rates of perioperative stroke or delayed stroke rates within 1 year of surgery when compared to the well established use of Clopidogrel 75 mg and Aspirin 325 mg. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>T. Mehta:</b> None. <b>K. Masood:</b> None. <b>M. Ghannnam:</b> None. <b>A. Grande:</b> None. <b>R. Tummala:</b> None. <b>B. Jagadeesan:</b> None.
Acne inversa (Hidradenitis suppurativa): A review with a focus on pathogenesis and treatment (2013)

Acne inversa (AI) is a disabilitating chronic inflammatory disease with major negative impact on quality of life and significant co-morbidities. This is an important link to insights into immune dysfunction, which stimulated therapeutic approaches like tumor necrosis-α inhibitor therapy. This new off-label drug treatment is particularly beneficial when used in combination with wide excision of inflamed skin and subcutaneous tissue. Retinoids have been reported to be helpful in secondary prevention. The standard of therapy in advanced cases is surgery with wide excisions and healing by secondary intention. This treatment results in significant reduction of complaints and achieves satisfactory body contouring.
Exposure characteristics and three-dimensional profiling of SU8C resist using electron beam lithography (2001)

The properties of a new type of chemically amplified resist, SU8C, are evaluated for electron beam lithography. This resist is a modification of the ultraviolet sensitive negative epoxy SU8. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of SU8C is one of the highest among the different kinds of commercially available resists. At 50 keV energy exposure, the saturation dosage of SU8C is ∼3.8 μC/cm2 while that of PMMA is ∼500 μC/cm2. This implies that SU8C resist is suitable for large area exposure. The contrast γ can also be adjusted to near unity by adjusting the postannealing time, and this is essential for multilevel profiling. 16 level steps have been exposed in one electron beam exposure by changing the clock frequency in sequence, and a vertical profile resolution of 20 nm has been achieved. Lines as narrow as 100 nm have been produced, showing that the resist has high resolution down to the nanoscale. Hardness measurements have also been carried out, and SU8C is an order of magnitude harder than epoxy and PMMA. SU8C resist has high refractive index, high resolution, high sensitivity, and large hardness, making it suitable for microscale binary optics fabrication. To demonstrate the suitability of SU8C resist in microscale optical device fabrication, an array of Fresnel lenses has been designed and demonstrated.
A novel method for accurate estimation of HRV from smartwatch PPG signals (2017)

Photoplethysmography(PPG) as a non-invasive tool for monitoring various cardiovascular parameters, has become popular due to the ease of wearable integration and pervasive nature. Due to unobtrusive nature of sensor placement at wrist, smartwatches and wrist based fitness bands have gained popularity. However, any movement of the wrist along with frequent loose contacts significantly corrupts the PPG signal. Reliable peak detection from the corrupted PPG signal is essential for any further processing, as many physiological quantities such as heart rate variability (HRV) depends on the peak-to-peak distances in the PPG signal, known as the RR Series. This paper attempts to provide a robust algorithm for peak detection in noise & motion artefact corrupted PPG signals. The algorithm consists of steps to remove the baseline drift in the PPG signal using wavelet filtering and trend removal and subsequent peak detection using autocorrelation for each pseudo-periodic segment of the signal. The validation of the method is done by comparing the PPG peaks detected by the algorithm with RR series extracted from simultaneously captured ECG signal.
CICE output from Navy Earth System Model (NESM) for 2018052212 (2018)

INITIALIZATION: 2018052212\n\nFORECASTS:\ndaily at 00Z out to 45 days (t1068)\n\nGRIDS:\nARCu0.08 -- poleward of 40N\nANTu0.08 -- poleward of 49.52S\n\nPARAMETERS:\nhi:standard_name = "sea_ice_thickness" ;\nhs:standard_name = "surface_snow_thickness" ;\nTsfc:standard_name = "surface_temperature_where_sea_ice" ;\naice:standard_name = "sea_ice_area_fraction" ;\nuvel:standard_name = "eastward_sea_ice_velocity" ;\nvvel:standard_name = "northward_sea_ice_velocity" ;\nsst:standard_name = "sea_water_temperature" ;\nuocn:standard_name = "eastward_sea_water_velocity" ;\nvocn:standard_name = "northward_sea_water_velocity" ;\nTair:standard_name = "air_temperature" ;\nstrength:standard_name = "compressive_strength_of_sea_ice" ;
Modulation of Human Leukocyte Antigen-C by Human Cytomegalovirus Stimulates KIR2DS1 Recognition by Natural Killer Cells (2017)

The interaction of inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules has been characterized in detail. By contrast, activating members of the KIR family, although closely related to inhibitory KIRs, appear to interact weakly, if at all, with HLA class I. KIR2DS1 is the best studied activating KIR and it interacts with C2 group HLA-C (C2-HLA-C) in some assays, but not as strongly as KIR2DL1. We used a mouse 2B4 cell reporter system, which carries NFAT-green fluorescent protein with KIR2DS1 and a modified DAP12 adaptor protein. KIR2DS1 reporter cells were not activated upon coculture with 721.221 cells transfected with different HLA-C molecules, or with interferon-γ stimulated primary dermal fibroblasts. However, KIR2DS1 reporter cells and KIR2DS1<sup>+</sup> primary natural killer (NK) cells were activated by C2-HLA-C homozygous human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFFs) but only after infection with specific clones of a clinical strain of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Active viral gene expression was required for activation of both cell types. Primary NKG2A<sup>-</sup>KIR2DS1<sup>+</sup> NK cell subsets degranulated after coculture with HCMV-infected HFFFs. The W6/32 antibody to HLA class I blocked the KIR2DS1 reporter cell interaction with its ligand on HCMV-infected HFFFs but did not block interaction with KIR2DL1. This implies a differential recognition of HLA-C by KIR2DL1 and KIR2DS1. The data suggest that modulation of HLA-C by HCMV is required for a potent KIR2DS1-mediated NK cell activation.
Salivary antigens of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis (1997)

The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis, is the major cause of flea bite hypersensitivity (FBH) in dogs and cats, yet little progress has been reported on identifying the antigens responsible. We obtained flea salivary antigens by washing secretions from containers probed by the mouthparts of fleas, and by extracting whole flea salivary glands. Mice were exposed to feeding fleas to generate antibodies to salivary antigens injected in vivo. The sera were tested for antibodies against the salivary antigens described and against a whole flea extract; in indirect ELISA, antibodies to salivary secretions were detected in 60% of the sera from mice exposed to feeding fleas. These sera identified four protein bands at apparent MW 56, 54, 42 and 40 K which corresponded to prominent protein bands in whole salivary gland extracts identified by protein staining after SDS-PAGE. Fixed sections of whole fleas exposed to the antisera showed that only structures within the salivary glands were identified. The salivary secretions and gland extracts are now being used to study immune responses of dogs suffering from FBH.
Silicon induces adventitious root formation in rice under arsenate stress with involvement of nitric oxide and indole-3-acetic acid (2020)

Arsenic (As) negatively affects plant development. This study evaluates how the application of silicon (Si) can favor the formation of adventitious roots in rice under arsenate stress (AsV) as a mechanism to mitigate its negative effects. The simultaneous application of AsV and Si up-regulated the expression of genes involved in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, cell cycle progression, auxin (IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) biosynthesis and transport, and Si uptake which accompanied adventitious root formation. Furthermore, Si triggered the expression and activity of enzymes involved in ascorbate recycling. Treatment with L-NAME (NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester), an inhibitor of NO generation, significantly suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si; however, supplying NO in the growth media rescued its effects. Our data suggest that both NO and IAA are essential for Si-mediated adventitious root formation under AsV stress. Interestingly, TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), a polar auxin transport inhibitor, suppressed adventitious root formation even in the presence of Si and SNP (sodium nitroprusside, an NO donor), suggesting that Si is involved in a mechanism whereby a cellular signal is triggered and that first requires NO formation, followed by IAA biosynthesis.
Through-space π-delocalized Pillar[5]arene (2009)

Pillar[5]arene from modified phenylethynyl groups was prepared; since the repeating pi-conjugated units were largely pi-delocalized via the through-space within the cavity, it showed temperature- and solvent-responsive blue-green emission.
Transformation of Superconducting Phases in (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O during Post-Annealing (1989)

(Bi, Pb)SrCaCuO superconducting films have been successfully obtained from single-target DC sputtering, deposited on (100) MgO substrate, followed by an appropriate annealing treatment. By varying the post-annealing temperature and time, we can have 9 K (2201) or 80 K (2212) superconducting phase as desired. It is particularly interesting to find that the two phases can be transformed from one to the other reversibly, as confirmed by both crystal structure and transport measurement.
Particulate Matter, Gas‐Phase and Particle‐Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Urban Environment Heavily Impacted by Vehicular Traffic (Bologna, Italy). (2006)

A set of 8 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been analysed in a traffic-limited area in Bologna downtown, both in the gas-phase and in the particulate phase (PM10), and gas-to-particle partitioning has been investigated. From Sep 2002 to May 2003, 28 high volume PM10 samplings were carried out, and in 50 % of the samplings, PM10 concentrations exceeded the limit of 50 microg/m3 established by a 1999 EU directive. A precisely defined sampling strategy was adopted to limit artifacts (8 h sampling in the same time interval) in the 28 samplings carried out in different meteorological conditions. A linear log-log correlation was found between gas-particle partitioning coefficients KBp and the subcooled liquid vapour pressures pB0LB, with rP2P = 0.82 and slope = -0.59. This empirical correlation may be used to anticipate the total (gas + particle-bound) concentration of each PAHs in this urban site, once PM10 and the particle-bound concentration is measured. Parallel samplings of PM10 and of PM2.5 allowed us to ascertain that PM2.5 represents the gross contribution to PM10 and that most of the particle-bound PAHs reside on the finest fraction of particulate matter.
The Effect of Toremifene on Bone and Uterine Histology and on Bone Resorption in Ovariectomised Rats (1999)

The effect of the selective oestrogen receptor modulator, toremifene, to inhibit ovariectomy-induced bone loss was studied in rats. The oral doses were 0.3, 3.0 or 30 mg/kg/day for 2 months. 17beta-oestradiol (5 microg/kg/day, subcutaneously) was used as positive control. One group was also treated with a combination of 17beta-oestradiol (5 microg/kg) and toremifene (3.0 mg/kg). Biochemical markers were urinary hydroxyproline and calcium (adjusted with urinary creatinine levels) and the serum level of pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy terminal telopeptide, a bone specific collagen breakdown product. The femoral and sternal trabecular bone thickness served as histological parameters. Ovarectomy increased the levels of hydroxyproline and pyrodinoline and decreased the trabecular bone thickness compared to the sham-operated control group. This was inhibited by both test compounds but 17beta-oestradiol was more efficient. Toremifene did not reverse the ovariectomy-induced reduction of urinary calcium but inhibited the 17beta-oestradiol-related increase. When administered together with oestradiol, toremifene did not reverse the positive effect of 17beta-oestradiol on bone, however toremifene reversed the oestradiol-related uterothrophic effects. These findings indicate that the antagonistic features of toremifene dominate in the rat uterus the agonistic properties do in the bone.
Bicuculline blocks an inhibitory baroreflex input to supraoptic vasopressin neurons (1987)

The excitability of vasopressin-secreting neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus is transiently depressed by an abrupt increase in arterial pressure sufficient to activate peripheral arterial baroreceptors. The present experiments examined the ability of locally applied transmitter antagonists to alter this response. Extracellular data were obtained from 27 supraoptic vasopressin-secreting neurons in pentobarbital-anesthetized male Long-Evans rats. In seven of eight cells tested, bicuculline (100 microM) reversibly abolished or delayed the anticipated cessation in neuronal firing that accompanied a 40- to 60-mmHg increase in arterial pressure induced by a brief intravenous infusion of the alpha-agonist metaraminol. Similar tests applied to the remaining cells revealed that prazosin (10 microM), timolol (20 microM), or strychnine (100 microM) were ineffective. These findings suggest that gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors mediate the depressant responses observed among supraoptic vasopressin-secreting neurons consequent to peripheral baroreceptor activation.
Phenotypic, ITS phylogenetic and pathogenic analyses of Pyllosticta Multicorniculata associated with needle blight symptoms of balsam fir in Canada (2006)

Phyllosticta multicorniculata Bissett &amp; Palm causes needle blight on Abies balsamea (L) Mill. in eastern Canada. The disease symptoms are similar to those provoked by Phyllosticta abietis Bissett &amp; Palm on Abies grandis Lindl. in the U.S.A. Preliminary study based on rDNA ITS sequence data analysis, revealed that P. multicorniculata formed distinct but closely-related clade with other sister mitosporic Phyllosticta and teleomorphic Guignardia and Botryosphaeria taxa. However, the phylogenetic position of the fungus is still doubtful which demand further and more advanced molecular investigation. This is the first report of a microconidial stage in P. multicorniculata and, for the first time, description of the developing mucilaginous appendages in macroconidia. This study contributes in disease diagnostics and gives new information on distribution of the disease in Canada.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Valent Iron in Biomimetic Alkane Oxidation Catalysis (2016)

Abstract Review: 169 refs.
Wall Climbing Mechanisms Using Electrostatic Attraction Generated by Flexible Electrodes (2007)

Electrostatic adhesion is evaluated for robotic wall climbing. To realize electrostatic wall adhesion, flexible electrodes were fabricated using plastic film and conductive foil. The wall adhesion performances were measured for conductive and non-conductive surfaces. The measurement results for a conductive surface revealed that flexible electrodes can work as a suction cup, and that both air suction force and electrostatic force can contribute to wall adhesion. A prototype robot using the flexible electrodes was fabricated, which could successfully climb up on a conductive wall with 6.6 mm/s. For adhesion to non-conductive surfaces, two additional methods were applied to the flexible electrodes, which are surface pre-charging and use of comb electrodes. The second prototype robot using the proposed methods could successfully adhere to a glass surface and could climb up with an average speed of 1.75 mm/s.