gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing Structural Changes in Knits During Processing (2003)

An automatic fabric evaluation system is developed to analyze knit structures and objectively evaluate fabric properties. Fabric images are captured with a CCD camera, and digital images are processed by histogram equalization, binary morphological operators, and pattern recognition. Six knitted fabrics are evaluated at different phases of manufac turing. Fabric construction parameters such as courses and wales per unit length, fabric cover, and areal density are measured and evaluated using the new approach and manual methods. Structural changes that occur in the fabrics at different levels of relaxation are also documented. Our image capturing and analysis system is capable of on-line control of knit structures' spatial characteristics before and after wet treatments.
No end in sight: the development of protein crystallography in Martinsried (2012)

No abstract available.
Resource Allocation in Short Packets BIC-UFMC Transmission for Internet of Things (2016)

This paper presents a resource allocation (RA) strategy for bit interleaved coded UFMC (BIC-UFMC) communications to be applied in an Internet of Things scenario characterized by short packets. The proposed RA strategy selects the best transmission parameters (TPs), i.e. code rate, bit loading (BL), power allocation (PA) and number of multicarrier symbols, by maximizing the goodput (GP) metric, defined as the number of correctly received information bits per unit of time, over a frequency-selective fading channel. The results are twofold: i) the GP performance of the BIC-UFMC system is further boosted by the best choice of the TPs compared to the case of Uniform PA and BL and a previous GP-based RA solution, named Classical RA; ii) considering the frequency offset, the combination of RA and BIC-UFMC reveals to be more robust, i.e. providing higher bit/s/Hz, than the Uniform and Classical cases.
apd1 +, a Gene Required for Red Pigment Formation in ade6 Mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Encodes an Enzyme Required for Glutathione Biosynthesis: A Role for Glutathione and a Glutathione-Conjugate Pump (1997)

Mutants in the adenine biosynthetic pathway of yeasts (ade1 and ade2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ade6 and ade7 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe) accumulate an intense red pigment in their vacuoles when grown under adenine-limiting conditions. The precise events that determine the formation of the pigment are however, still unknown. We have begun a genetic investigation into the nature and cause of pigmentation of ade6 mutants of S. pombe and have discovered that one of these pigmentation defective mutants, apd1 (adenine pigmentation defective), is a strict glutathione auxotroph. The gene apd1+ was found to encode the first enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, gcs1+. This gene when expressed in the mutant could confer both glutathione prototrophy and the characteristic red pigmentation, and disruption of the gene led to a loss in both phenotypes. Supplementation of glutathione in the medium, however, could only restore growth but not the pigmentation because the cells were unable to achieve sufficient intracellular levels of glutathione. Disruption of the second enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, glutathione synthetase gsh2+, also led to glutathione auxotrophy, but only a partial defect in pigment formation. A reevaluation of the major amino acids previously reported to be present in the pigment indicated that the pigment is probably a glutathione conjugate. The ability of vanadate to inhibit pigment formation indicated that the conjugate was transported into the vacuole through a glutathione-conjugate pump. This was further confirmed using strains of S. cerevisiae bearing disruptions in the recently identified glutathione-conjugate pump, YCF1, where a significant reduction in pigment formation was observed. The pump of S. pombe is distinct from the previously identified vacuolar pump, hmt1p, for transporting cadystin peptides into vacuoles of S. pombe.
Piezoelectric Strain Control of Terahertz Spin Current (2022)

Abstract Electrical control of photogenerated terahertz (THz) spin current pulses from a spintronic emitter has been at the forefront for the development of scalable, cost‐efficient, wideband optospintronic devices. Artificially combined ferroelectric and ferromagnet heterostructure provides the potential avenue to deterministically control the phase of THz spin current pulse through piezoelectric strain. Here, the electric field‐mediated piezoelectric strain control of photogenerated THz spin current pulse from a multiferroic spintronic emitter is demonstrated. The phase reversal of the THz spin current pulse is obtained from the combined effect of piezoelectric strain and a small magnetic field applied opposite to the initial magnetization of the ferromagnet. The piezoelectric strain‐controlled phase switching of THz spin current thus opens a door to develop efficient strain engineered scalable on‐chip THz spintronics devices.
Effects of Calcination Temperature and A/B Ratio on the Dielectric Properties of (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr,Mn)O 3 for Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors with Nickel Electrodes (2000)

The electrical performance of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) with Ni inner electrodes, made from (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr,Mn)O 3 (BCTZM), is closely related to the calcination temperature and the A/B ratio of the powder. For materials showing A/B = 1.000, the lifetime, the breakdown voltage, and the RC increase with higher calcination temperatures. No significant effect of the calcination temperature on RC and lifetime was found for materials showing A/B = 0.991. The isoelectric point of BCTZM is shifted toward higher pH values when the calcination temperature is decreased. The above results are attributed to the colloidal stability of aqueous BCTZM suspensions and the resulting green density of powder compacts.
Design, Synthesis, and SAR of Tachykinin Antagonists:  Modulation of Balance in NK1/NK2 Receptor Antagonist Activity (2002)

Through optimization of compounds based on the dual NK(1)/NK(2) antagonist ZD6021, it was found that alteration of two key regions could modulate the balance of NK(1) and NK(2) potency. Substitution of the 2-naphthalene position in analogues of ZD6021 resulted in increased NK(1) potency and thus afforded NK(1) preferential antagonists. Alterations of the piperidine region could then increase NK(2) potency to restore dual NK(1)/NK(2) selectivity. Through these efforts, three novel receptor antagonists from a single chemically related series were identified; two are dual NK(1)/NK(2) antagonists, and the third is an NK(1) preferential antagonist. In this paper, the factors affecting the balance of NK(1) and NK(2) selectivity in this series are discussed and the in vitro and in vivo properties of the novel antagonists are described.
Freehand diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging for intraoperative identification of major venous and arterial vessels underlying peritoneal fat: an in vivo demonstration in a pig model (2017)

Inadvertent injury to important anatomic structures is a significant risk in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) that potentially requires conversion to an open procedure, which results in increased morbidity and mortality. Surgeons operating minimal-invasively currently do not have an easy-to-use, real-time device to aid in intraoperative identification of important anatomic structures that underlie tissue planes. We demonstrate freehand diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) imaging for intraoperatively identifying major underlying veins and arteries. An applicator probe that can be affixed to and detached from an 8-mm laparoscopic instrument has been developed. The 10-mm DOS source-detector separation renders sampling of tissue heterogeneities a few millimeters deep. DOS spectra acquired consecutively during freehand movement of the applicator probe on the tissue surface are displayed as a temporal and spectral image to assist in spatially resolved identification of the underlying structures. Open surgery identifications of the vena cava and aorta underlying peritoneal fat of ∼4 mm in thickness using the applicator probe under room light were demonstrated repeatedly in multiple pigs in vivo.
Introduction (2008)

Antenna designs have experienced enormous advances in the past several decades and they are still undergoing monumental developments. Many new technologies have emerged in the modern antenna design arena and one exciting breakthrough is the discovery/development of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures. The applications of EBG structures in antenna designs have become a thrilling topic for antenna scientists and engineers. This is the central focus of this book.
Internal Flow and Fan Characteristics of a Cross-Flow Fan. (1997)

Since the configuration and variable flow rate characteristics of a cross-flow fan can be improved by changing the rotor length, they are increasingly used in the rear cooling units of mini vans, in wcich compact design and low noise characteristics are required. Although many studies have been carried out the flow and performance and it has been shown that the internal flow, depending on the configuration of the casing, has a large effect on the performance, the methods for predicting the performance and designing an efficient fan have not yet been established. In this work the internal flows analyzed by numerical simulation and measured by LDA (Laser Doppler Anemometer) are compared, and the results are found to agree with each other. Thus, information on improving the performance of the fan can be obtained using the numerical method presented in this work.
Biopsy Guided by Real-Time Sonography Fused with MRI: A Phantom Study (2008)

The described method was successful in obtaining an adequate sample in a phantom.
Cytocompatible antifungal acrylic resin containing silver nanoparticles for dentures (2012)

The present work has developed a new biocompatible antifungal PMMA denture base material.
Autoimmune encephalitis and gastrointestinal dysmotility: achalasia, gastroparesis, and slow transit constipation (2020)

NAD may disturb gastrointestinal motility by altering various levels of the gut-brain axis.
Contraction of the rigor actomyosin complex drives bulk hemoglobin expulsion from hemolyzing erythrocytes (2022)

Erythrocyte ghost formation via hemolysis is a key event in the physiological clearance of senescent red blood cells (RBCs) in the spleen. The turnover rate of millions of RBCs per second necessitates a rapid efflux of hemoglobin (Hb) from RBCs by a not yet identified mechanism. Using high-speed video-microscopy of isolated RBCs, we show that electroporation-induced efflux of cytosolic ATP and other small solutes leads to transient cell shrinkage and echinocytosis, followed by osmotic swelling to the critical hemolytic volume. The onset of hemolysis coincided with a sudden self-propelled cell motion, accompanied by cell contraction and Hb-jet ejection. Our biomechanical model, which relates the Hb-jet-driven cell motion to the cytosolic pressure generation via elastic contraction of the RBC membrane, showed that the contributions of the bilayer and the bilayer-anchored spectrin cytoskeleton to the hemolytic cell motion are negligible. Consistent with the biomechanical analysis, our biochemical experiments, involving extracellular ATP and the myosin inhibitor blebbistatin, identify the low abundant non-muscle myosin 2A (NM2A) as the key contributor to the Hb-jet emission and fast hemolytic cell motion. Thus, our data reveal a rapid myosin-based mechanism of hemolysis, as opposed to a much slower diffusive Hb efflux.
Peptide-Assisted Design of Peptoid Sequences: One Small Step in Structure and Distinct Leaps in Functions (2020)

Using peptide sequences for the design of functional peptoids is demonstrated for a peptide-based formulation additive that was specifically tailored to solubilize the photosensitizer <i>meta</i>-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)-chlorin. A set of peptoid<i>-block-</i>poly(ethylene glycol) solubilizers with systematic sequence variations are synthesized to reveal contributions of side-chain sequence and backbone functionalities on drug hosting and release properties. The drug payload sensitively depends on the side-chain patterns, and the best performing peptoid sequence reaches 3-times higher capacity than the corresponding peptide. The peptoid backbone not only acts as a neutral scaffold but also impacts the drug release kinetics compared to the analogues peptide, by reducing the capability to assist drug transfer to blood plasma protein models.
Quantum Codes for Simplifying Design and Suppressing Decoherence in Superconducting Phase-Qubits (2002)

We introduce simple qubit-encodings and logic gates which eliminate the need for certain difficult single-qubit operations in superconducting phase-qubits, while preserving universality. The simplest encoding uses two physical qubits per logical qubit. Two architectures for its implementation are proposed: one employing N physical qubits out of which N/2 are ancillas fixed in the |1&gt; state, the other employing N/2+1 physical qubits, one of which is a bus qubit connected to all others. Details of a minimal set of universal encoded logic operations are given, together with recoupling schemes, that require nanosecond pulses. A generalization to codes with higher ratio of number of logical qubits per physical qubits is presented. Compatible decoherence and noise suppression strategies are also discussed.
pH-Switchable supramolecular “sliding” gels based on polyrotaxanes of polyethyleneimine-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polyethyleneimine block copolymer and α-cyclodextrin: synthesis and swelling behaviour (2008)

A new type of pH-switchable supramolecular sliding gel has been synthesized, based on polyrotaxanes of polyethyleneimine-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polyethyleneimine block copolymer and α-cyclodextrin. The three dimensional supramolecular network was obtained by an inter-molecular crosslinking reaction between CDs belonging to two different polyrotaxanes via 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole. Higher gel equilibrium swelling has been observed in acidic medium than in basic medium. This behaviour is explained by the ionization of EI units leading to electrostatic repulsion of the PEI blocks.
Fabrication process and 110 GHz measurement result of MS-to-CPW RF-via transition for RF-MEMS devices packaging applications (2009)

This paper presents the fabrication process of RF-via (0-level) and flip-chip bump (1-level) transitions for applications of packaging MS (microstrip) RF-MEMS devices. The interconnect structure with MS-to-CPW transition between GaAs MEMS substrate and Al2O3 motherboard was in-house fabricated. A novel fabrication process for RF-MEMS packaging is in detail. After fabrication, the samples were measured up to 110 GHz using on-wafer probing measurement. From the measured results, the insertion loss of entire interconnect structure is better than-2 dB up to 100 GHz, documenting the feasibility for millimeter-wave RF-MEMS devices packaging applications.
Central pulmonary thromboembolism: diagnosis with spiral volumetric CT with the single-breath-hold technique--comparison with pulmonary angiography. (1992)

Forty-two patients were prospectively evaluated with spiral volumetric computed tomography (CT) and selective pulmonary angiography of each lung to detect central pulmonary thromboembolism. Spiral volumetric CT images obtained with either 90 mL of 30% contrast material or 120 mL of 12% contrast material were graded as excellent or good in 98% of the examinations (41 patients). Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with spiral volumetric CT was based on the direct visualization of intraluminal clots: partial filling defects (n = 41; 37%), complete filling defects (n = 51; 46%), "railway track" signs (n = 6; 5%), and mural defects (n = 14; 12%). All 23 patients with normal findings of spiral volumetric CT had normal findings of pulmonary angiography. With spiral volumetric CT, the finding of 112 central emboli (eight main, 28 lobar, and 76 segmental) corresponded exactly to the angiographic findings, but nine intersegmental lymph nodes were erroneously interpreted as filling defects. In one case of normal pulmonary angiographic findings, asymmetry in pulmonary arterial perfusion was misinterpreted as pulmonary embolism with spiral volumetric CT. Spiral volumetric CT can reliably depict thromboemboli in second- to fourth-division pulmonary vessels.
Metabolomics and complementary techniques to investigate the plant phytochemical cosmos (2021)

Covering: up to 2021Plants and their associated microbial communities are known to produce millions of metabolites, a majority of which are still not characterized and are speculated to possess novel bioactive properties. In addition to their role in plant physiology, these metabolites are also relevant as existing and next-generation medicine candidates. Elucidation of the plant metabolite diversity is thus valuable for the successful exploitation of natural resources for humankind. Herein, we present a comprehensive review on recent metabolomics approaches to illuminate molecular networks in plants, including chemical isolation and enzymatic production as well as the modern metabolomics approaches such as stable isotope labeling, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, metabolome imaging (spatial metabolomics), single-cell analysis, cheminformatics, and computational mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry-based strategies to characterize plant metabolomes through metabolite identification and annotation are described in detail. We also highlight the use of phytochemical genomics to mine genes associated with specialized metabolites' biosynthesis. Understanding the metabolic diversity through biotechnological advances is fundamental to elucidate the functions of the plant-derived specialized metabolome.
Two probabilistic methods to characterize and link drug related ECG changes to diagnoses from the PTB database: Results with Moxifloxacin (2008)

The QT interval is the lead biomarker for predicting risk of severe ventricular pro-arrhythmia in drug safety assessment. QT is a weak predictor, with no direct link to clinical endpoints.We propose two methods that might bridge the gap. Method A is based on the study level probabilistic intra-subject clustering of 12-lead based ECG waveform similarities, comparing pre-treatment with placebo and treatment within and between study periods. Method B: population related approach where all 12-lead ECG waveforms from a study are compared with the fully diagnosed 30.000 ECGs in the PTB database. ECGs are assigned a probability for normality and a limited number of cardiac main diagnoses contained therein. In a crossover study with moxifloxacin 200 and 400 mg iv, QT-prolongation and method A revealed significant treatment effects, while method B showed no relevant treatment related change to non-normal diagnosis.
A pilot study of ice‐slurry application for inducing laparoscopic renal hypothermia (2006)

This initial study showed efficient and rapid induction of renal hypothermia using MPS delivered through 5-mm laparoscopic ports, with no technical difficulty. These exploratory pilot findings support further, larger scale, histopathological and renal functional investigations of topical ice slurries as a means of providing renal hypothermia in laparoscopic procedures.
First-Principles Calculations of Titanium Dopants in Alumina (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Unexpected Improved Performance of ALD Coated LiCoO2/Graphite Li‐Ion Batteries (2012)

Abstract The performance of Al 2 O 3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) coatings for LiCoO 2 /natural graphite (LCO/NG) batteries is investigated, where various permutations of the electrodes are coated in a full battery. Coating both electrodes with ∼1 nm of alumina as well as coating only the LCO (positive electrode) enables improved performance when cycling at high voltage, where the LCO is known to degrade. However, we found that coating only the NG (negative electrode) also improves the performance of the whole battery when cycling at high voltage. Under these conditions, the uncoated LCO (positive electrode) should degrade quickly, and the NG should be unaffected. A variety of characterization techniques show the surface reactions that occur on the negative electrode and positive electrode are related, resulting in the enhanced performance of the uncoated LCO.
Ibuprofen-mediated reduction of hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha in prostate cancer cells. (2003)

These data indicate that one of the effects of NSAIDs is to reduce HIF protein levels. The inhibition of HIFs by NSAIDs was COX-2 independent.
Deciding validity in a spatial logic for trees (2005)

We consider a propositional spatial logic for finite trees. The logic includes $\A \Par \B$ (tree composition), $\A \,{\Guarantee}\, \B$ (the implication induced by composition), and $\Zero$ (the unit of composition). We show that the satisfaction and validity problems are equivalent, and decidable. The crux of the argument is devising a finite enumeration of trees to consider when deciding whether a spatial implication is satisfied. We introduce a sequent calculus for the logic, and show it to be sound and complete with respect to an interpretation in terms of satisfaction. Finally, we describe a complete proof procedure for the sequent calculus. We envisage applications in the area of logic-based type systems for semistructured data. We describe a small programming language based on this idea.
Environmental effects on all-dielectric bandpass filters (1986)

The spectral characteristics of all-dielectric bandpass filters were measured while the surrounding air temperature and relative humidity were closely controlled. Center wavelength was found to be nonlinear with humidity and can be described by an empirical two-parameter model. Conversely, maximum transmission and full width at half-maximum were closely linear with both temperature and humidity. All spectral changes were found to stabilize in &lt;25 min.
Calibration of the dietary questionnaire for the Canadian Study of Diet, Lifestyle and Health cohort (2003)

The study suggests that the FFQ method gives acceptable levels of nutrients or food component estimates, as assessed by this calibration study against diet recalls, when limited to energy-adjusted and deattenuated values.
Stability of the Corneal Contour (1969)

Corneal stability was investigated with a new high‐accuracy photokeratoscope to determine the influence of accommodation, convergence, pupil size, eye position, lid position, lid closure, miotics and rubbing. Significant changes in corneal curvature occurred as a result of lid forces, digital pressure, and rubbing.
Long-term benefits and adverse effects of intermittent versus daily glucocorticoids in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2012)

Our study provides a framework for providing information to patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and their families when introducing GC therapy. The study also highlights the importance of collecting longitudinal natural history data on patients treated according to standardised protocols, and clearly identifies the benefits and the side-effect profile of two treatment regimens, which will help with informed choices and implementation of targeted surveillance.