gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bimodal loop-gap resonator (1996)

A bimodal loop-gap resonator for use in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy at S band is described. It consists of two identical one-loop–one-gap resonators in coaxial juxtaposition. In one mode, the currents in the two loops are parallel and in the other antiparallel. By introducing additional capacitors between the loops, the frequencies of the two modes can be made to coincide. Details are given concerning variable coupling to each mode, tuning of the resonant frequency of one mode to that of the other, and adjustment of the isolation between modes. An equivalent circuit is given and network analysis carried out both experimentally and theoretically. EPR applications are described including (a) probing of the field distributions with DPPH, (b) continuous wave (cw) EPR with a spin-label line sample, (c) cw electron–electron double resonance (ELDOR), (d) modulation of saturation, and (e) saturation-recovery (SR) EPR. Bloch induction experiments can be performed when the sample extends half way through the structure, but microwave signals induced by Mx and My components of magnetization cancel when it extends completely through. This latter situation is particularly favorable for SR, modulation of saturation, and ELDOR experiments, which depend on observing Mz indirectly using a second weak observing microwave source.
Analysis of Phase Error Effects on Stripmap SAS (2008)

It is often of interest to consider how uncompensated platform motion can degrade the ideal point scatterer response (PSR) of a synthetic aperture sonar (SAS). This information can be used to shape the design of the sonar itself as well as that of the platform carrying it. Also, knowledge of how certain types of motion affect a SAS image can reduce the time spent in troubleshooting motion estimation and compensation schemes. In the field of spotlight-mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the effects of phase errors across the synthetic aperture are well documented (for example, Chapter 5 of Carrara , 1995). The counterpart problem for the stripmap mode is less well developed in the literature. This paper explores the effects of uncompensated phase errors on stripmap imagery and shows that, under certain conditions, they are similar to those for spotlight mode processing.
Measurement of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor of a 1550-nm Injection-Locked Quantum Dash Laser (2007)

Injection-locking in quantum dash lasers is studied for the first time. A measurement of the linewidth enhancement factor from 1.2-8.6 is obtained by comparing the positive and negative detuning ranges of the stable locking regime.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (E)‐Diethyl 6,6′‐(Diazene‐1,2‐diyl)bis(5‐cyano‐2‐methyl‐4‐phenylnicotinates), a New Type of 2,2′‐Azopyridine Dyes. (2011)

Abstract A simple method is developed to transform highly substituted 2‐aminopyridines and related heterocycles into azo compounds.
H1/H1 genotype influences symptom severity in corticobasal syndrome (2010)

We evaluated 38 consecutive patients with corticobasal syndrome to determine if inheritance of the H1/H1 genotype influences age at onset and disease severity and if Apolipoprotein E e4 increases the risk of cognitive disturbances. Inheritance of the H1/H1 genotype was associated with severity of motor function, but did not affect age at onset or cognition. There was a trend toward shorter survival in the H1/H1 group, but this study was underpowered to test influence on survival, even though it served to estimate the sample size for future studies. ApoE inheritance did not influence cognition.
Curcumin ameliorates rat experimental autoimmune neuritis (2014)

Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a helper T cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system that serves as an animal model for human Guillain-Barre syndrome. Curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytochemical isolated from the medicinal plant Curcuma longa, has anti-inflammatory activities. Here we investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of curcumin in EAN rats. Exogenous curcumin treatment (100 mg/kg/day) significantly delayed the onset of EAN neurological signs, ameliorated EAN neurological severity, and reduced body weight loss of EAN rats. In EAN sciatic nerves, curcumin treatment suppressed the inflammatory cell accumulation and the expression of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly decreased the percentage of CD4(+) T helper cells in EAN spleen and suppressed concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. In addition, curcumin altered helper T cell differentiation by decreasing IFN-γ(+) CD4(+) Th1 cells in EAN lymph node and spleen. In summary, our data demonstrate that curcumin could effectively suppress EAN by attenuating inflammation, indicating that curcumin might be a candidate for treatment of autoimmune neuropathies.
Multi-view 3D human pose estimation combining single-frame recovery, temporal integration and model adaptation (2009)

We present a system for the estimation of unconstrained 3D human upper body movement from multiple cameras. Its main novelty lies in the integration of three components: single frame pose recovery, temporal integration and model adaptation. Single frame pose recovery consists of a hypothesis generation stage, where candidate 3D poses are generated based on hierarchical shape matching in the individual camera views. In the subsequent hypothesis verification stage, candidate 3D poses are reprojected to the other camera views and ranked according to a multiview matching score. Temporal integration consists of computing best trajectories combining a motion model and observations in a Viterbi style maximum likelihood approach. Poses that lie on the best trajectories are used to generate and adapt a texture model, which in turn enriches the shape component used for pose recovery. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms the state of the art in experiments with large and challenging real world data from an outdoor setting. The new data set is made public to facilitate benchmarking.
Associations between adherence to the Danish Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and cardiometabolic risk factors in a Danish adult population: the DIPI study (2018)

Diet is recognised as one modifiable lifestyle factor for ischaemic heart disease (IHD). We aimed at investigating the associations between adherence to the Danish Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) indicated by a Dietary Quality Index (DQI) and selected cardiometabolic risk factors in a cross-sectional study with 219 Danish adult participants (59 %women; age 31-65years) with a minimum of one self-rated risk marker of IHD. Information regarding diet was obtained using web-based dietary assessment software and adherence to the Danish FBDG was expressed by a DQI calculated from 5 food and nutrient indicators (whole grain, fish, fruit and vegetables, energy from saturated fat and from added sugar). Background information, blood samples and anthropometrics were collected and blood pressure was measured. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between DQI and cardiometabolic risk factors. DQI was inversely associated with LDL:HDL ratio and TAG (-0·089 per unit; 95 % CI -0·177, -0·002 and -5 % per unit; 95 % CI -9, 0, respectively) and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (0·047 mmol/l per unit; 95 % CI 0·007, 0·088). For men, DQI was inversely associated with BMI (-3 %per unit; 95 % CI -5, -1), trunk fat (-1 % per unit; 95 % CI -2, -1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-30 % per unit; 95 % CI -41, -16 %), HbA1c (-0·09 % per unit; 95 % CI -0·14, -0·04), insulin (-13 % per unit; 95 % CI -19, -7) and homoeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (-14 % per unit; 95 % CI -21, -7). In women, DQI was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (2·6 mmHg per unit; 95 % CI 0·6, 4·6). In conclusion, higher adherence to the current Danish FBDG was associated with a more beneficial cardiometabolic risk profile in a Danish adult population with a minimum of one self-rated risk factor for IHD.
Hypertension during chronic exposure to cold: comparison between Sprague–Dawley and Long–Evans strains (1992)

It is now well established that chronic exposure of rats to cold (5-6 degrees C) induces an elevation of systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures and cardiac hypertrophy within 3 weeks. Since rats of the Long-Evans (LE) strain are known to be resistant to the induction of deoxycorticosterone salt induced hypertension, their cardiovascular responses to chronic exposure to cold were compared with those of rats of the Sprague-Dawley (SD) strain. The results of these studies revealed clear differences between the LE and SD strains of rats. Thus, rats of the SD strain had a significant elevation in their blood pressure; a significantly increased urinary output of norepinephrine and epinephrine; a significantly greater dipsogenic responsiveness to acute administration of angiotensin II, and significant increases in weights of the heart, kidneys, adrenals, and brown adipose tissue compared with their warm-adapted controls. All of these changes are characteristic of rats acclimated to cold. In contrast, rats of the LE strain appear to be less responsive to cold in that blood pressure failed to rise as sharply and to attain as high a level. Furthermore, urinary outputs of norepinephrine and epinephrine were significantly lower in cold-treated rats of the LE strain compared with cold-treated rats of the SD strain, but dipsogenic responsiveness to angiotensin II was unchanged. Although increases in the weight of the previously mentioned organs were also observed in cold-treated rats of the LE strain compared with their warm-adapted controls, weights of the heart and interscapular brown adipose tissue of both groups were significantly less than those of counterparts of the SD strain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Preparation and Characterization of Fully Furan‐Based Renewable Thermosetting Epoxy‐Amine Systems (2015)

Fully furan‐based epoxy/amine thermosetting materials are prepared and investigated using a furanyl epoxy monomer, 2,5‐bis[(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)methyl]‐furan (BOF), and two furanyl amine hardeners, 5,5′‐methylenedifurfurylamine (DFDA) and 5,5′‐ethylidenedifurfirylamine (CH 3 ‐DFDA). These furan‐based thermosets have shown promising glass transition temperatures (62 and 69 °C, respectively, using tan delta) and room temperature storage moduli (≈3.5 GPa). The BOF/CH 3 ‐DFDA sample is exhibited higher T g than the BOF/DFDA system due to the presence of an additional methyl group in CH 3 ‐DFDA. Used as curing agents for DGEBA, DFDA and CH 3 ‐DFDA have shown excellent performance with resulting T g s well above 120 °C. Onset degradation temperature of the fully furan‐based samples is observed around 270 °C with high char yields (≈40 wt%) at 750 °C in argon. Based on their thermal and mechanical properties, the renewable fully furan‐based thermosets are found suitable for coating, adhesive, and composite applications, and are therefore potential replacements for incumbent systems. image
Properties of indium tin oxide thin films grown by Ar ion beam sputter deposition (2021)

Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown by Ar ion beam sputter deposition under systematic variation of ion energy, geometrical parameters, and O2 background pressure and characterized with regard to the film thickness, growth rate, crystalline structure, surface roughness, mass density, composition, electrical, and optical properties. The growth rate shows an over-cosine, forward-tilted angular distribution with a maximum, which increases with increasing ion energy, increasing ion incidence angle, and decreasing O2 background pressure. ITO films were found to be amorphous with a surface roughness of less than 1 nm. Mass density and composition show only small changes with increasing scattering angle. The electrical resistivity behavior in dependence on the process parameters is complex. It is not only driven by the O2 background pressure but also very much by the scattering angle. The observed behavior can be understood only if competing processes are considered: (i) reduction of the number of oxygen vacancies due to the presence of O2 background gas and (ii) defect generation and preferential sputtering of oxygen at the surface of the growing films due to the impact of high-energy scattered particles. Even though absolute numbers differ, optical characterization suggests a similar systematics.
Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in the assessment of inflammatory activity of rheumatoid arthritis patients in remission (2012)

While CRP and ESR values indicate remission of the chronic inflammatory process in RA, suPAR values are still elevated compared to healthy individuals. suPAR might be particularly valuable in the recognition of inflammatory activity in patients who are in remission according to DAS28 scores but have symptoms of tender and/or swollen joints.
ω‐Conotoxin GVIA is a potent inhibitor of sympathetic neurogenic responses in rat small mesenteric arteries (1990)

1. We have investigated the effects of the N-type calcium channel blocker, omega-conotoxin GVIA, on contractile responses to nerve stimulation, noradrenaline and KCl in rat small mesenteric arteries. In separate experiments, single and summated excitatory junctional potentials (e.j.ps) evoked by nerve stimulation were recorded with an intracellular electrode in the absence and presence of omega-conotoxin. 2. Electrical field stimulation of intramural sympathetic nerves (30 V; 0.25 ms pulse width; 3 s train length; 4-24 Hz) caused frequency-dependent contractions. Cumulative concentration-response curves for the contractions induced by noradrenaline and KCl were constructed in the same preparations. Stimulation at 0.2 Hz and 10 Hz induced respectively single e.j.ps without contractions and summated e.j.ps associated with a contractile response. 3. omega-Conotoxin (0.1 to 3 nM) inhibited markedly and in a concentration-dependent manner both the contractions and e.j.ps to electrical field stimulation. The concentration-response curves to exogenous noradrenaline and KCl remained unaffected. 4. The time-course for the effects of omega-conotoxin (0.3 to 3 nM) indicated a slow onset of action with at least one hour to achieve an equilibrium. 5. The experiments indicate that omega-conotoxin acts prejunctionally to inhibit sympathetic neurotransmission in rat small arteries presumably by inhibition of noradrenaline release. We suggest that omega-conotoxin could be a useful tool to study the control of vascular tone through the autonomic nervous system.
Recent Advances In Therapeutic Exercise For The Neck: Implications For Patients With Head And Neck Pain (2003)

There have been recent advances in the rehabilitation of the muscles that control the head and neck. These advances are based on evidence of specific neck muscle dysfunction in individuals with persistent head and neck pain. Traditional rehabilitation strategies have focused predominantly on muscle strength and endurance under high loads. New evidence suggests that in people with neck pain there are underlying neuromuscular problems that may require more immediate attention and may not be adequately addressed by simple strength and high-load endurance retraining. Evidence of altered coordination between the deep and superficial neck muscles, greater neck muscle fatigue under sustained low loads, and deficits in kinaesthetic sense have been identified in symptomatic individuals. There is evidence to indicate that addressing these muscle control problems, with specific gentle exercise strategies, results in a reduction in neck pain and associated symptoms.
Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (LiF) 1950-51 (1980)

The early history of thermoluminscent dosimetry has not been adequately described and as one of the first workers in this field I am taking this opportunity to record more fully the history of the period. ©1980Health Physics Society
VLSI multilevel micro-coaxial interconnects for high speed devices (2002)

A novel interconnect scheme is presented which allows the fabrication of microwave microcoaxial interconnect (M/sup 2/CI) structures. This technology offers full compatibility with existing VLSI processes, tailor matching of characteristic impedance, and crosstalk-free interconnects. The present status of this technology is reviewed. It is noted that the implementation of this technique should substantially improve the present speed limitation imposed by multilevel wiring and open a new performance window for high-density VLSI devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Caracterização térmica e dinâmico-mecânica de compósitos TPU/mica preparados em reômetro de torque Thermal and dynamic mechanical characterization of TPU/mica composites prepared by torque rheometer (2011)

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a incorporação da mica à matriz do elastômero termoplástico de poliuretano (TPU) tipo poliéter, para o desenvolvimento de novos materiais nos quais as propriedades inerentes da mica possam ser combinadas às do TPU. Este elastômero termoplástico tem alto custo, ao contrário da mica, que é de baixo custo e abundante no Brasil. Os diferentes compósitos, com teores de mica variando de 0 a 20 phr (por cem partes de resina), foram preparados em misturador interno, acoplado a um reômetro de torque Haake. Estes compósitos foram analisados termicamente por análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e análise dinâmico-mecânica (DMA). Foi observado que a incorporação de mica ao TPU altera as propriedades dinâmico-mecânicas bem como a estabilidade térmica deste polímero em diferentes atmosferas. A adição de mica desloca o início da degradação para temperaturas mais baixas nas duas atmosferas (inerte e oxidante) e a temperatura de transição vítrea tem ligeira diminuição com o aumento do teor de mica. Os resultados decorrem principalmente das interações entre a mica e o segmento rígido do TPU, durante o processamento em misturador interno.<br>This work is aimed at incorporating mica to the matrix of a polyether type thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), for the development of new materials in which the inherent properties of mica could be combined to those of TPU. This thermoplastic elastomer has high cost, unlike mica, which is inexpensive and abundant in Brazil. The different composites, with the mica contents varying from 0-20 phr (per hundred resin) were prepared in an internal mixer, coupled to a Haake torque rheometer. These composites had their thermal properties analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The incorporation of mica caused changes in the thermal stability of TPU in different atmospheres and in its dynamic mechanical properties. The addition of mica shifted the onset of degradation to lower temperatures in the two atmospheres (inert and oxidizing), while the glass transition temperature decreased slightly with increasing mica content. The results stem mainly from the interactions between mica and TPU hard segments during processing in the internal mixer.
Role-Playing Simulation as an Educational Tool for Health Care Personnel: Developing an Embedded Assessment Framework (2010)

Simulation- and video game-based role-playing techniques have been proven effective in changing behavior and enhancing positive decision making in a variety of professional settings, including education, the military, and health care. Although the need for developing assessment frameworks for learning outcomes has been clearly defined, there is a significant gap between the variety of existing multimedia-based instruction and technology-mediated learning systems and the number of reliable assessment algorithms. This study, based on a mixed methodology research design, aims to develop an embedded assessment algorithm, a Knowledge Assessment Module (NOTE), to capture both user interaction with the educational tool and knowledge gained from the training. The study is regarded as the first step in developing an assessment framework for a multimedia educational tool for health care professionals, Anatomy of Care (AOC), that utilizes Virtual Experience Immersive Learning Simulation (VEILS) technology. Ninety health care personnel of various backgrounds took part in online AOC training, choosing from five possible scenarios presenting difficult situations of everyday care. The results suggest that although the simulation-based training tool demonstrated partial effectiveness in improving learners' decision-making capacity, a differential learner-oriented approach might be more effective and capable of synchronizing educational efforts with identifiable relevant individual factors such as sociobehavioral profile and professional background.
Influenza: Propagation, Quantification, and Storage (2013)

Abstract Influenza viruses are negative‐sense, single‐stranded, enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the family Orthomyxoviridae. Three types exist, influenza A, B, and C. All infect humans, but only A and B are major human pathogens. Influenza type A viruses are divided into subtypes based on genetic and antigenic differences in the two surface spike proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The appropriate cell lines to be used for isolation of influenza A or B viruses depend on the clinical information and the host of origin. MDCK cells are the preferred cell line for isolation of human influenza viruses from clinical specimens. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol . 29:15G.1.1‐15G.1.24. © 2013 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Plasmonic Color Filters for CMOS Image Sensor Applications (2012)

We report on the optical properties of plasmonic hole arrays as they apply to requirements for plasmonic color filters designed for state-of-the-art Si CMOS image sensors. The hole arrays are composed of hexagonally packed subwavelength sized holes on a 150 nm Al film designed to operate at the primary colors of red, green, and blue. Hole array plasmonic filters show peak transmission in the 40-50% range for large (>5 × 5 μm(2)) size filters and maintain their filtering function for pixel sizes as small as ∼1 × 1 μm(2), albeit at a cost in transmission efficiency. Hole array filters are found to robust with respect to spatial crosstalk between pixel within our detection limit and preserve their filtering function in arrays containing random defects. Analysis of hole array filter transmittance and crosstalk suggests that nearest neighbor hole-hole interactions rather than long-range interactions play the dominant role in the transmission properties of plasmonic hole array filters. We verify this via a simple nearest neighbor model that correctly predicts the hole array transmission efficiency as a function of the number of holes.
True (2000)

Post-translational stabilization of beta-catenin through mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene has been proposed as an early step in colorectal carcinogenesis. Beta-catenin may translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it might serve as a transcriptional factor to stimulate tumour formation. We investigated intracellular localization of beta-catenin in sporadic colorectal adenomas and cancers as well as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Nuclear over-expression of beta-catenin was observed in 35% (7/20) of intramucosal cancers and 42% (23/55) of invasive cancers but was not seen in any adenomas from sporadic or FAP cases. Cytoplasmic beta-catenin in adenomas was significantly higher than that of normal mucosa in both sporadic and FAP cases. The cytoplasmic intensity index of cancers was significantly higher than that of sporadic adenomas, but the index was not correlated with nuclear expression in cancers. These findings suggest that nuclear translocation of beta-catenin is involved in development of intramucosal cancer rather than adenoma, independent of APC mutations. Cytoplasmic accumulation of beta-catenin may occur in adenomas, but it remains to be determined whether this is a cause or a consequence of colorectal cancer.