gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic regulators of myelopoiesis and leukemic signaling identified by gene profiling and linear modeling (2006)

Mechanisms controlling the balance between proliferation and self-renewal versus growth suppression and differentiation during normal and leukemic myelopoiesis are not understood. We have used the bi-potent FDB1 myeloid cell line model, which is responsive to myelopoietic cytokines and activated mutants of the granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor, having differential signaling and leukemogenic activity. This model is suited to large-scale gene-profiling, and we have used a factorial time-course design to generate a substantial and powerful data set. Linear modeling was used to identify gene-expression changes associated with continued proliferation, differentiation, or leukemic receptor signaling. We focused on the changing transcription factor profile, defined a set of novel genes with potential to regulate myeloid growth and differentiation, and demonstrated that the FDB1 cell line model is responsive to forced expression of oncogenes identified in this study. We also identified gene-expression changes associated specifically with the leukemic GM-CSF receptor mutant, V449E. Signaling from this receptor mutant down-regulates CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) target genes and generates changes characteristic of a specific acute myeloid leukemia signature, defined previously by gene-expression profiling and associated with C/EBPalpha mutations.
VA SMART HOME TECHNOLOGY FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (2017)

The VA Smart Home at the James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital in Tampa provides advanced behavioral prompting to veterans with injury related cognitive impairment and their caregivers in order to monitor and improve the quality of health service delivery in three settings: 1) integrated logistical support for multiple caregivers providing care to veterans with TBI considered “emerging consciousness” cases. 2) in-home location and ADL tracking for semi-independent veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 3) an inpatient residential unit that uses location and time-based prompts for activities of daily living (ADL). Each setting poses unique design challenges for specific pervasive monitoring solutions, obviating a “one size fits all” approach. Lessons learned and design considerations will be discussed. Results from longitudinally gathered measures of caregiver burden, task and medication compliance, walking speed, and movement path variability (path tortuosity) will be presented.
Femtoliter nanofluidic valve utilizing glass deformation (2019)

In the field of micro/nanofluidics, the channel open/close valves are among the most important technologies for switching and partitioning actions and integration of various operations into fluidic circuits. While several types of valves have been developed in microfluidics, few are capable in nanofluidics. In this study, we proposed a femtoliter (fL) volume nanochannel open/close valve fabricated in glass substrates. The valve consists of a shallow, circular and stepped-bottom valve chamber connected to nanochannels and an actuator. Even with tiny deformation occurring at the nanolevel in glass, an open/closed state of a nanochannel (10-1000 nm) can be achieved. We designed a fL-valve based on an analytical material deformation model, and developed a valve fabrication process. We then verified the open/closed state of the valve using a 308 fL-valve chamber with a four-stepped nanostructure fitting an arc-shape of deflected glass, confirmed its stability and durability over 50 open/close operations, and succeeded in stopping/flowing an aqueous solution at 209 fL s-1 under a 100 kPa pressure in a 900 nm nanochannel with a fast response of ∼0.65 s. A leak flow from the closed valve was sufficiently small even at a 490 kPa pressure-driven flow. Since the developed fL-valve can be applied to various nanofluidic devices made of glass and other rigid materials such as plastic, it is expected that this work will contribute significantly to the development of novel integrated micro/nanofluidics chemical systems for use in various applications, such as single cell/single molecule analysis.
Symmetric Supercapacitor Based on Nitrogen-Doped and Plasma-Functionalized 3D Graphene (2022)

Nitrogen-doped, 3-dimensional graphene (N3DG), synthesized as a one-step thermal CVD process, was further functionalized with atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma. Electrodes were fabricated and tested based on the functionalized N3DG. Their characterization included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET), and electrochemical measurements. The tested electrodes revealed a 208% increase in the specific capacitance compared to pristine 3D graphene electrodes in a three-electrode configuration. The performed doping and plasma treatment enabled an increase in the electrode‘s surface area by 4 times compared to pristine samples. Furthermore, the XPS results revealed the presence of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups in the doped and functionalized material. Symmetric supercapacitors assembled from the functionalized 3D graphene using aqueous and organic electrolytes were compared for electrochemical performance. The device with ionic electrolyte EMIMB4 electrolyte exhibited a superior energy density of 54 Wh/kg and power density of 1224 W/kg. It also demonstrated a high-cyclic stability of 15,000 cycles with a capacitance retention of 107%.
Encapsulating architecture and encapsulating processes (2002)

Thomas &amp; Karmiloff-Smith (T&amp;K-S) raise the excellent and, in retrospect, obvious point that in a dynamic learning environment where feedback is possible, we should expect networks to adapt to damage by altering details of their behavior. We should therefore not expect that developmental disorders should result in “normal” modules. The implications of this point go much further, since interprocess dependency in the brain does not rely only on learned neural connections. This argues strongly against behavioral and process-related definitions, as opposed to structural and architecture-related definitions, of mental modularity.
New developments in hyperbranched polymers (2000)

In the last 12 years the field of hyperbranched polymers has been well established with a large variety of synthetic approaches and fundamental studies on structure and properties of these unique materials. However, new developments involving hyperbranched materials appeared recently, for example, different synthetic strategies, new reaction mechanisms, formation of more complex architectures, a deeper understanding of the branched structure and their kinetic development, and intensive studies on the material properties and possible applications. This demonstrates the high versatility and the possibilities that are still involved in hyperbranched polymers and render it one of the most active fields in polymer science with a very promising future. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 2505–2525, 2000
Subtilisin BPN‘ Variants:  Increased Hydrolytic Activity on Surface-Bound Substrates via Decreased Surface Activity (1996)

Site-directed mutagenesis and random mutagenesis were used to produce variants of subtilisin BPN' (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) protease with variable surface adsorption properties. Protease adsorption and peptide hydrolysis rate were measured for these variants using a model substrate consisting of a peptide covalently bound to a surface. While most variants adsorb at a level very similar to that of native BPN', several variants were identified which adsorb either more or less. For surface-bound substrates we report a linear dependence between the concentration of adsorbed protease enzyme and substrate hydrolysis, similar to the linear dependence between enzyme solution concentration and hydrolysis of soluble substrates. On the basis of this knowledge we hypothesized that variants designed to adsorb at a higher level on a surface-bound peptide substrate would hydrolyze that surface-bound substrate faster. Contrary to our original expectations, the variants that adsorb more on the covalently bound peptide surface hydrolyze this substrate slower. In addition, variants of BPN' which adsorb at a lower level than native BPN' hydrolyze the surface-bound substrate faster. Enzyme adsorption and the subsequent peptide hydrolysis are altered by substituting amino acids that modify the surface charge or hydrophobicity of the native enzyme. This effect is most dramatic when the changes were made at surface-exposed sites around the binding pocket/active site of the enzyme. One mechanism that is consistent with the data is based on the relationship between the level of adsorption and the enzyme's affinity for the surface. In this mechanism weakly adsorbed enzymes are postulated to move more rapidly from site to site on the surface, thereby increasing substrate hydrolysis.
Comparative Voice Results After Laser Resection or Irradiation of T1 Vocal Cord Carcinoma (1994)

Voice quality in highly selected patients with vocal cord carcinoma treated by laser resection can be as good as that in patients whose cancer was similarly staged after radiation therapy.
Saturday, July 22, 1710 (2015)

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40-Gb/s Direct Modulation With High Extinction Ratio Operation of 1.3-$\mu$m InGaAlAs Multiquantum Well Ridge Waveguide Distributed Feedback Lasers (2007)

Direct modulation at 40 Gb/s of a 1.3-mum InGaAlAs distributed feedback ridge waveguide laser is experimentally demonstrated. By combination of the high differential gain of an InGaAlAs multiquantum well active layer, a short cavity length of 100 mum, and a low-resistance notch-free grating, it achieves high bandwidth of 29 GHz and high-extinction ratio of 5 dB at 40-Gb/s modulation. Moreover, the laser operates at a record maximum ambient temperature of 60degC under 40-Gb/s directly modulation. It also achieves 40-Gb/s modulated transmission over 2 km with a low power penalty of 0.25 dB at 25degC .
On-line estimation of stator resistance and mutual inductance of multiphase induction machines (2012)

Multiphase drives are receiving attention not only for medium and high power applications, but also for some low power applications, such as heavy electric vehicles. In the case of multiphase induction machines, the most widely adopted control technique is the field-oriented vector control, which provides high torque dynamics and can exploits all the degrees of freedom that this technology offers, but requires an adequate knowledge of the machine parameters. In this paper, a technique for the on-line estimation of the stator resistance and the magnetizing inductances is proposed. Under the assumption that the machine torque is produced by the fundamental component of the air-gap magnetic field, the proposed technique controls the higher harmonics in such a way to excite the machine and to estimate the unknown parameters. Experimental tests confirm the feasibility of the method described in the paper.
Supramolecular hybrid assemblies based on gold nanoparticles, amphiphilic cyclodextrin and porphyrins with combined phototherapeutic action (2013)

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), amphiphilic cyclodextrin (SC6NH2) and anionic porphyrin (TPPS4) spontaneously self-assemble in aqueous basic solution forming nanostructures with controlled size and shape. Spectroscopic techniques such UV-Vis, fluorescence emission and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) demonstrate that AuNPs are covered by SC6NH2, and TPPS4 is strongly entrapped within, forming assemblies with size of 4 and 50 nm. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) and Scanning Near-Field Optical Luminescence (SNOL) assess the presence of luminescent vescicular structures incorporating porphyrin with dimensions of about 150 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicates AuNPs with sizes of 20–30 nm can be located inside the largest cyclodextrin/porphyrin aggregates (≅150 nm) or interact externally with the smallest cyclodextrin/porphyrin vesicles (≅ 40 nm). The generation of an appreciable quantum yield of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ = 0.25) guarantees the photodynamic action excluding mostly strong interactions between gold and porphyrin. These hybrid systems are fairly stable at physiological conditions (pH = 7.4) and can be taken up by HeLa cancer cells which, upon treatment, show co-localization of gold and porphyrins in the cytoplasm. After intracellular delivery, these assemblies induce low dark toxicity and a combined photothermal–photodynamic effect upon proper irradiation, showing promising properties as dual-action phototherapeutics.
Efficient inference of population size histories and locus-specific mutation rates from large-sample genomic variation data (2015)

With the recent increase in study sample sizes in human genetics, there has been growing interest in inferring historical population demography from genomic variation data. Here, we present an efficient inference method that can scale up to very large samples, with tens or hundreds of thousands of individuals. Specifically, by utilizing analytic results on the expected frequency spectrum under the coalescent and by leveraging the technique of automatic differentiation, which allows us to compute gradients exactly, we develop a very efficient algorithm to infer piecewise-exponential models of the historical effective population size from the distribution of sample allele frequencies. Our method is orders of magnitude faster than previous demographic inference methods based on the frequency spectrum. In addition to inferring demography, our method can also accurately estimate locus-specific mutation rates. We perform extensive validation of our method on simulated data and show that it can accurately infer multiple recent epochs of rapid exponential growth, a signal that is difficult to pick up with small sample sizes. Lastly, we use our method to analyze data from recent sequencing studies, including a large-sample exome-sequencing data set of tens of thousands of individuals assayed at a few hundred genic regions.
Health economic impact of high‐dose versus standard‐dose cytarabine induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (2014)

Regimens minimising the total number of chemotherapy cycles may represent the most efficient use of limited health resources for the treatment of AML.
Ultrasonic field modeling by distributed point source method for different transducer boundary conditions (2009)

Several investigators have modeled ultrasonic fields in front of transducers by Huygens-Fresnel superposition principle that integrates the contributions of a number of point sources distributed on the transducer face. This integral solution, also known as the Rayleigh integral or Rayleigh-Sommerfeld Integral solution, assumes the strengths of the point sources distributed over the transducer face. A newly developed technique called distributed point source method (DPSM) offers an alternative approach for modeling ultrasonic fields. DPSM is capable of modeling the field for prescribed source strength distribution as well as for prescribed interface conditions with unknown source strengths. It is investigated how the ultrasonic field in front of the transducer varies in different situations: (1) when the point source strengths are known, (2) when the point source strengths are unknown but obtained from the interface condition that only the normal component of the transducer velocity is continuous across the fluid-solid interface, (3) when all three components of velocity are assumed to be continuous across the interface for the no-slip condition, and (4) when the pressure instead of the velocity is prescribed on the transducer face. Results for these different interface conditions are compared with the analytical solutions along the central axis.
Resistive switching and electrical control of ferromagnetism in a Ag/HfO2/Nb:SrTiO3/Ag resistive random access memory (RRAM) device at room temperature (2016)

Electrically induced resistive switching and modulated ferromagnetism are simultaneously found in a Ag/HfO2/Nb:SrTiO3/Ag resistive random access memory device at room temperature. The bipolar resistive switching (RS) can be controlled by the modification of a Schottky-like barrier with an electron injection-trapped/detrapped process at the interface of HfO2-Nb:SrTiO3. The multilevel RS transition can be observed in the reset process with larger negative voltage sweepings, which is connected to the different degree of electron detrapping in the interfacial depletion region of the HfO2 layer during the reset process. The origin of the electrical control of room-temperature ferromagnetism may be connected to the change of density of oxygen vacancies in the HfO2 film. The multilevel resistance states and the electric field controlled ferromagnetism have potential for applications in ultrahigh-density storage and magnetic logic device.
Modulation of Calmodulin mRNA and Protein Levels in Barley Aleurone (1996)

Changes in calmodulin (CaM) mRNA and protein were investigated in aleurone layers of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) incubated in the presence and absence of calcium, gibberellic acid (GA3), and abscisic acid (ABA). CaM mRNA levels increased rapidly and transiently following incubation of aleurone layers in H2O, CaCl2, or GA3. The increase in CaM mRNA was prevented by ABA. This increase in CaM mRNA was brought about by physical stimulation during removal of the starchy endosperm from the aleurone layer. CaM protein levels did not increase in response to physical stimulation. Only incubation in GA3 plus CaCl2 brought about a rapid increase in CaM protein levels in the aleurone cell. ABA reduced the level of CaM protein below that found at the beginning of the incubation period. The rise in CaM protein preceded increases in the synthesis and secretion of [alpha]-amylase. Immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to carrot and mung bean CaM was used to localize CaM in aleurone protoplasts. Monoclonal antibodies to tubulin and polyclonal antibodies to tonoplast intrinsic protein and malate synthase were used as controls. CaM was localized to the nucleus, the vacuolar membrane, and the cytosol, but was not associated with microtubules.
An Efficient a Posteriori Treatment for Dispersion Interaction in Density-Functional-Based Tight Binding (2005)

The performance of density functional theory (DFT) (VWN-LDA, PBE-GGA, and B3LYP hybrid functionals), density-functional-based tight binding (DFTB), and ab initio methods [HF, MP2, CCSD, and CCSD(T)] for the treatment of London dispersion is investigated. Although highly correlated ab initio methods are capable of describing this phenomenon, if they are used with rather large basis sets, DFT methods are found to be inadequate for the description of H2/PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) interactions. As an alternative approach, an a posteriori addition of a van der Waals term to DFTB is proposed. This method provides results for H2/PAH interactions in close agreement with MP2 and higher-level ab initio methods. Bulk properties of graphite also compare well with the experimental data.
Murine neonatal intravascular injections: modeling newborn disease. (2007)

The ability to perform murine neonatal intravascular injections likely will prove useful in studying many newborn-specific disease states that are modeled in mice. Unfortunately, effective intravascular injection in the neonatal mouse has been limited by developmental immaturity and small size. To establish a mouse model of neonatal intravascular injection, C57Bl/6 pups between birth and 6 d of age were injected with a buffered solution containing cells or vehicle alone. For both external jugular and superficial temporal vein injections, a 2-member team was used to position the pup, insert the needle, and perfuse the injectate. For superficial temporal vein injections, the vascular anatomy was visualized by using transillumination. After injection into the jugular or superficial temporal vein, the survival rate to adulthood was 100% (n = 30 pups per group), with no long-term complications. Occasional extravasation of injectate was well tolerated, allowing for serial injections (n = 40 pups). Intravascular access was confirmed by using fluorescent dye perfusion studies and cellular engraftment analysis. The 2 techniques are safe and reproducible methods of obtaining intravascular access via the external jugular and superficial temporal veins in newborn mice. These methods provide a mechanism for delivering a wide variety of substances, ranging from aqueous solutions to suspensions.
Optical traps with geometric aberrations (2006)

We assess the influence of geometric aberrations on the in-plane performance of optical traps by studying the dynamics of trapped colloidal spheres in deliberately distorted holographic optical tweezers. The lateral stiffness of the traps turns out to be insensitive to moderate amounts of coma, astigmatism, and spherical aberration. Moreover holographic aberration correction enables us to compensate inherent shortcomings in the optical train, thereby adaptively improving its performance. We also demonstrate the effects of geometric aberrations on the intensity profiles of optical vortices, whose readily measured deformations suggest a method for rapidly estimating and correcting geometric aberrations in holographic trapping systems.
Effect of almitrine bismesylate on pulmonary vasoreactivity to hypoxia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1994)

The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to determine whether acute administration of almitrine enhances hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Haemodynamics and blood gases were studied at various inspiratory fractional concentrations of oxygen (FIO2): 0.15, 0.21, 0.30 and 1.0, randomly administered for 20 min periods under constant infusion of either placebo or almitrine (8 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) in 20 patients with COPD. The almitrine group exhibited a significant increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance and arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) at FIO2 0.15, 0.21 and 0.30. During hypoxia, the increase in mean pulmonary pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance was three times greater in the almitrine group than the placebo group. No significant difference in cardiac output and systemic haemodynamics was found. These results suggest that almitrine at the dose used, enhances pulmonary vasoconstriction in COPD patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Alkali Metal Picrate Extraction Capabilities of a 4‐Oxahexacyclo [5.4.1.02,6.03,10.05,9.08,11] dodecane‐Derived Cryptand. A New Ionophore for Selective Ion Complexation. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.