gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pull-Down Assay (2019)

Recommendations are given concerning the terminology of methods of bioanalytical chemistry. With respect to dynamic development particularly in the analysis and investigation of biomacromolecules, terms related to bioanalytical samples, enzymatic methods, immunoanalytical methods, methods used in genomics and nucleic acid analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and biomolecules interaction studies are introduced.
Site-site interaction in the phospholipid activation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. (1986)

D-beta-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is a lipid-requiring enzyme with absolute specificity for phosphatidylcholine (PC). The enzyme devoid of lipid, the apodehydrogenase, inserts spontaneously into phospholipid vesicles where it exists as a tetramer. We now find the lipid activation to be limited by the mole fraction of PC in the total phospholipid. These studies suggest that the concentration of the enzyme-PC complex, which is essential for enzymic activity, becomes diffusion limited at lower PC concentration. The lipid activation and the tryptophan fluorescence of purified D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase were studied in the presence of a constant "bilayer background" of approximately 100 nonactivating phospholipid molecules/enzyme monomer. Activation by PC was half-maximal at 20 PC molecules/enzyme monomer. This value was doubled when the amount of "background" phospholipid was doubled. Activation proceeded with positive cooperativity having a Hill coefficient of approximately 2.4. These data indicate interactions between at least three PC-binding sites. The quenching of tryptophan fluorescence by the phospholipid activator, 1-palmitoyl-2-(1-pyrenyl)-decanoyl-PC (2-pyrenyl-PC), gives a saturation curve with half-maximal quenching of 6 quencher molecules/enzyme monomer. This value is equivalent to an apparent phospholipid-protein dissociation constant in the two-dimensional membrane and corresponds to approximately 6 mol % of total phospholipid. In distinct contrast to the phospholipid activation curve, the fluorescence quenching saturation curve was hyperbolic and there was no specificity for PC. The fluorescence quenching by 2-pyrenyl-PC could be diminished by using a several-fold excess of PC or other phospholipids so as to reduce the mole fraction of quencher in the bilayer. It would appear that formation of enzyme-PC complex is a dynamic process consisting of at least two discernible steps: 1) a primary interaction, as measured by tryptophan quenching, which is hyperbolic and not specific for lecithin. This interaction is independent from and precedes 2) phospholipid activation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, which is cooperative in nature and specific for lecithin.
Synthesis and structural characterization of bis[bis(dimethylphenylphosphine)dichlororhenium](n+) ion (n = 0-2): a series of complexes processing metal-metal bond orders of 4, 3.5, and 3 and the dependence of bond length upon bond order (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and structural characterization of bis[bis(dimethylphenylphosphine)dichlororhenium](n+) ion (n = 0-2): a series of complexes processing metal-metal bond orders of 4, 3.5, and 3 and the dependence of bond length upon bond orderF. Albert Cotton, Kim R. Dunbar, Larry R. Falvello, Milagros Tomas, and Richard A. WaltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 15, 4950–4954Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00353a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Kinetic Self-Assembly of Metals on Co-polymer Templates (2003)

In this work we seek to understand some of the fundamental processes that govern self-assembly at the nanoscale in the context of the formation of metallic structures on patterned co-polymer templates. To this end we focus on the experiments conducted by Lopes {\it et al} (Nature, 2001), where morphologies resulting from the evaporation-deposition of different metals on PS-b-PMMA phase separated templates were studied. We show that the different morphologies obtained can be understood in terms of the relative importance of the energetics and kinetics. We then focus on a particular morphology: micron long wire-like states obtained by the evaporation-deposition of silver on the template. We show the existence of ``non-trivial'' correlations between adjacent wires that can be understood based on a purely kinetic mechanism. We also compare these correlations quantitatively to those obtained from simulations done with the relevant experimental parameters and find them in good agreement.
The influence of yarn treatment on the tensile properties of biocomposites (2012)

The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of cotton and linen yarns treatments at different hierarchical levels on the biocomposite tensile properties. The biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) resin was used as the matrix polymer. The water based mercerization and low pressure plasma treatment were applied for chemical modification of yarns macro- and microfibrils. To improve fiber orientation of fibre bundles and single fibers the pretension of yarn was used. It was obtained that the most efficient is the complex yarns treatment, plasma treatment with subsequent pre-tension, where especially notable was the positive effect of low-pressure plasma.
P‐113: Photoalignment Technology for High Performance IPS‐LCDs: IPS‐NEO Technology (2014)

Abstract We have developed our original photoalignment technology, IPS‐NEO, which improves azimuthal anchoring strength to a level equivalent to that of rubbing, and reduces photoirradiation energy to a level required for mass production. We have also clarified that the anchoring strength of IPS‐NEO does not depend on the unevenness of the surface of the substrates, nor does it depend on the bias angle between the alignment axis and the direction of the electrodes. With this technology, we realized practical application of photoalignment for high performance IPS‐LCDs.
Chemotherapy for murine ovarian cancer: a rationale for ip therapy with adriamycin. (1979)

The metastatic spread of a trnasplantable murine ovarian cancer is similar to the spread of ovarian cancer in patients with advanced disease, making it a useful model to investigate novel experimental therapies. The ip inoculation of 10(6) tumor cells into C3HeB/FeJ mice leads to the formation of ascites, sub-diaphragmatic tumor deposits, intra-abdominal tumors, and death within 25 days. Adriamycin (ADR) was found to be an active agent against this murine ovarian cancer. The effects of ADR were dependent upon the route of administration. A single ip LD10 dose of ADR (5 mg/kg) administered 2 days after inoculation with 10(6) tumor cells produced long-term survival (greater than 60 days) in 70% of the mice. An iv LD10 dose had no effect on survival. The survival advantage of ip ADR (compared to the iv route) was found to be related to: (a) a greater suppression of DNA synthesis in the tumor; (b) a rapid penetration of ADR into the nuclei of ascites tumor cells and into sub-diaphragmatic tumor deposits; and (c) significantly higher levels of ADR in tumor cells following ip administration. The ip route may also be less cardiotoxic since the peak levels after an iv dose were three times greater than after an equal ip dose. If local toxicity does not prove to be a major problem, then ip ADR may be a useful mode of therapy in patients with intra-abdominal tumors.
Hot isostatic pressure treatment of 3D printed Ti6Al4V alters surface modifications and cellular response (2019)

Additive manufacturing can be used to create personalized orthopedic and dental implants with varying geometries and porosities meant to mimic morphological properties of bone. These qualities can alleviate stress shielding and increase osseointegration through bone ingrowth, but at the expense of reduced fatigue properties compared to machined implants, and potential for loose build particle erosion. Hot isostatic pressure (HIP) treatment is used to increase fatigue resistance; implant surface treatments like grit-blasting and acid-etching create microroughness and reduce the presence of loose particles. However, it is not known how HIP treatment affects surface treatments and osseointegration of the implant to bone. We manufactured two titanium-aluminum-vanadium constructs, one with simple through-and-through porosity and one possessing complex trabecular bone-like porosity. We observed HIP treatment varied in effect and was dependent on architecture. Micro/meso/nano surface properties generated by grit-blasting and acid-etching were altered on biomimetic HIP-treated constructs. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on constructs fabricated +/- HIP and subsequently surface-treated. MSCs were sensitive to 3D-architecture, exhibiting greater osteogenic differentiation on constructs with complex trabecular bone-like porosity. HIP-treatment did not alter the osteogenic response of MSCs to these constructs. Thus, HIP may provide mechanical and biological advantages during implant osseointegration and function.
Compartmentalized primary cultures of dorsal root ganglion neurons to model peripheral pathophysiological conditions (2023)

Neurosensory disorders such as pain and pruritus remain a major health problem greatly impacting the quality of life, and often increasing the risk of mortality. Current pre-clinical models to investigate dysfunction of sensory neurons have shown a limited clinical translation, in part, by failing to mimic the compartmentalized nociceptor anatomy that exhibits a central compartment containing the soma and a peripheral one harboring the axon endings with distinct molecular and cellular environmental composition. Thus, there is a need to validate compartmentalized preclinical neurosensory models for investigating the pathophysiology of peripheral sensory disorders and to test drug candidates. Here, we have addressed this issue and developed a microfluidic-based preclinical nociceptor model and validated it for investigating inflammatory and neuropathic peripheral disorders. We show that this model reproduces the peripheral sensitization and resolution produced by an inflammatory soup and by the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel. Furthermore, compartmentalized nociceptor primary cultures were amenable to co-culture with keratinocytes in the axonal compartment. Interaction of axonal endings with keratinocytes modulated neuronal responses, consistent with a crosstalk between both cell types. These findings pave the way towards translational pre-clinical sensory models for skin pathophysiological research and drug development.
Menopausal Estrogen and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk (2000)

Our data suggest that the estrogen-progestin regimen increases breast cancer risk beyond that associated with estrogen alone.
The cost of a cloud (2008)

The data centers used to create cloud services represent a significant investment in capital outlay and ongoing costs. Accordingly, we first examine the costs of cloud service data centers today. The cost breakdown reveals the importance of optimizing work completed per dollar invested. Unfortunately, the resources inside the data centers often operate at low utilization due to resource stranding and fragmentation. To attack this first problem, we propose (1) increasing network agility, and (2) providing appropriate incentives to shape resource consumption. Second, we note that cloud service providers are building out geo-distributed networks of data centers. Geo-diversity lowers latency to users and increases reliability in the presence of an outage taking out an entire site. However, without appropriate design and management, these geo-diverse data center networks can raise the cost of providing service. Moreover, leveraging geo-diversity requires services be designed to benefit from it. To attack this problem, we propose (1) joint optimization of network and data center resources, and (2) new systems and mechanisms for geo-distributing state.
Low dose naltrexone in multiple sclerosis: Effects on medication use. A quasi-experimental study (2017)

Low dose naltrexone (LDN) has become a popular off-label therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). A few small, randomized studies indicate that LDN may have beneficial effects in MS and other autoimmune diseases. If proven efficacious, it would be a cheap and safe alternative to the expensive treatments currently recommended for MS. We investigated whether a sudden increase in LDN use in Norway in 2013 was followed by changes in dispensing of other medications used to treat MS. We performed a quasi-experimental before-and-after study based on population data from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). We included all patients that collected at least one LDN prescription in 2013, and had collected at least two medications with a reimbursement code for MS, or collected a medication with MS as the only indication in 2009 or 2010. Outcomes were differences in cumulative dispensed doses and incidence of users of disease modifying MS therapies, and medications used to treat MS symptoms two years before and two years after dispensing the initial LDN prescription. The eligible 341 patients collected 20 921 prescriptions in the observation period. Apart from changes in line with general trends in MS therapy in Norway, there was no difference in neither dispensed cumulative doses or number of prevalent users of MS specific medication. Initiation of LDN was not followed by reductions of other medications used to treat symptoms associated with MS.
Iterative Partial-Interference-Cancellation-based Detector for OFDM Systems over Doubly-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels (2007)

The time-variation of channels during one OFDM symbol destroys the orthogonality among subcarriers and results in intercarrier interference (ICI), which may detail substantial error performance. Assumed channels vary in linear fashion during one OFDM symbol, we propose an iterative partial-ICI-cancellation (PIC) based detector for OFDM systems with linear modulation over doubly-selective Rayleigh fading channels. The tentatively detected information of channel and data are fed back to regenerate the ICI and then partially subtracted from the received signals. The optimal partial ICI cancellation factor (PICF) is determined by minimizing the mean square error (MSE) of data estimation. The proposed detector iteratively renews the channel estimation and data detection after PIC, and results in performance enhancement. Based on Jake's model for the Doppler effects, the bit error ratio (BER) performance of the proposed detector is illustrated for OFDM systems with phase-shift keying (PSK) and quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) in Rayleigh fading channels at several speeds.
Can we predict amyloid deposition by objective cognition and regional cerebral blood flow in patients with subjective cognitive decline? (2019)

No significant differences were observed between Aβ-positive and -negative SCD on any of the neuropsychological measures, clinical measures, or SPECT imaging. Further, the severity of SCD was not predicted by the symptoms of anxiety, depression, or neuropsychological examination.
Ambient Sound-Based Collaborative Localization of Indeterministic Devices (2016)

Localization is essential in wireless sensor networks. To our knowledge, no prior work has utilized low-cost devices for collaborative localization based on only ambient sound, without the support of local infrastructure. The reason may be the fact that most low-cost devices are indeterministic and suffer from uncertain input latencies. This uncertainty makes accurate localization challenging. Therefore, we present a collaborative localization algorithm (Cooperative Localization on Android with ambient Sound Sources (CLASS)) that simultaneously localizes the position of indeterministic devices and ambient sound sources without local infrastructure. The CLASS algorithm deals with the uncertainty by splitting the devices into subsets so that outliers can be removed from the time difference of arrival values and localization results. Since Android is indeterministic, we select Android devices to evaluate our approach. The algorithm is evaluated with an outdoor experiment and achieves a mean Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.18 m with a standard deviation of 0.22 m. Estimated directions towards the sound sources have a mean RMSE of 17.5 ° and a standard deviation of 2.3 °. These results show that it is feasible to simultaneously achieve a relative positioning of both devices and sound sources with sufficient accuracy, even when using non-deterministic devices and platforms, such as Android.
Differences in coagulant and fibrinolytic activities of cultured human endothelial cells derived from omental tissue microvessels and umbilical veins (1987)

Large vessel and microvascular endothelial cells were compared in their capacity to synthesize and secrete coagulant and fibrinolytic factors. Human omental tissue microvascular endothelial cells (HOTMEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were isolated, grown to confluency under identical conditions, and studied in primary cultures. After an incubation period of 12 hours in serum-free medium, the conditioned medium of confluent HOTMEC contained 100-fold higher levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen than that of HUVEC. The conditioned media as well as the lysates of both cell types did not contain any free tPA activity, but the free plasminogen activator inhibitor capacity was found intracellularly as well as extracellularly. Although von Willebrand factor was detected in both cell types by immunofluorescence, measurable amounts were only found in HUVEC using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The kinetics of protein C activation by thrombin on the surface of once-passaged cells were identical for HOTMEC and HUVEC. The present study indicates that cultivated HOTMEC produce larger quantities of tPA than HUVEC do, possess smaller amounts of von Willebrand factor than HUVEC do, and express thrombomodulin for protein C activation as effectively as HUVEC.
Highly-Available Applications on Unreliable Infrastructure: Microservice Architectures in Practice (2017)

In contrast to applications relying on specialized and expensive highly-available infrastructure, the basic approach of microservice architectures to achieve fault tolerance - and finally high availability - is to modularize the software system into small, self-contained services that are connected via implementation-independent interfaces. Microservices and all dependencies are deployed into self-contained environments called containers that are executed as multiple redundant instances. If a service fails, other instances will often still work and take over. Due to the possibility of failing infrastructure, these services have to be deployed on several physical systems. This horizontal scaling of redundant service instances can also be used for load-balancing. Decoupling the service communication using asynchronous message queues can increase fault tolerance, too. The Deutsche Bahn AG (German railway company) uses as system called EPA for seat reservations for inter-urban rail services. Despite its high availability, the EPA system in its current state has several disadvantages such as high operational cost, need for special hardware, technological dependencies, and expensive and time-consuming updates. With the help of a prototype, we evaluate the general properties of a microservice architecture and its dependability with reference to the legacy system. We focus on requirements for an equivalent microservice-based system and the migration process; services and data, containerization, communication via message queues; and achieving similar fault tolerance and high availability with the help of replication inside the resulting architecture.
Network Support for Multicast Video Distribution (1998)

Multicast video distribution in a best-effort environment presents&#13;\nchallenges to system designers, including heterogeneity in the&#13;\nbandwidth availability on the paths from the sender to the receivers&#13;\nand dynamic behavior in the network and set of receivers over time.&#13;\nClassic approaches to dealing with dynamic conditions involve&#13;\nadaptation at the sender (for unicast) and adaptation driven by the&#13;\nreceivers (for multicast). Both approaches have limitations that&#13;\naffect the quality of video received. In this paper, we consider a&#13;\nthird option for the location of adaptation, namely: in the network.&#13;\nWe demonstrate that a modest amount of state and computation at&#13;\nnetwork routers can yield significant performance gains for multicast&#13;\nvideo distribution. Our schemes maintain the advantages of&#13;\nreceiver-based adaptation, while overcoming the limitation. Since the&#13;\nnetwork applies the adaptation, the time and place for adaptation can&#13;\nbetter match network conditions. Further, the adaptation can occur&#13;\nmore rapidly, without the need for route changes. Finally, the&#13;\nadaptation can occur at finer granularity, providing better quality&#13;\nand more graceful degradation to receivers.
Automated functional characterization of radiolabeled antibodies (2014)

By applying reverse kinetics on real-time binding traces it is possible to estimate the functional concentration and specific activity of radiolabeled mAb. The CTK assay may in the future be included as a complement to current quality assessment methods of radiolabeled mAbs.
Race and ethnicity in the genome era: The complexity of the constructs. (2005)

The vast amount of biological information that is now available through the completion of the Human Genome Project presents opportunities and challenges. The genomic era has the potential to advance an understanding of human genetic variation and its role in human health and disease. A challenge for genomics research is to understand the relationships between genomics, race, and ethnicity and the implications of uncovering these relationships. Robust and scholarly discourse on the concept of race and ethnicity in genomic research should be expanded to include social and behavioral scientists. Interdisciplinary research teams are needed in which psychologists, as well as other social and behavioral scientists, work collaboratively with geneticists and other natural scientists.