gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral shaping of lasing in vertically aligned coupled nanowire lasers (2017)

We use numerical simulations to study the effects of nanowire geometry on the emission spectra of nanowire-based lasers. The studied nanowire lasers are made from gallium-nitride and the simulations are performed using finite difference time domain method. We show that changes in the diameter of the nanowire lasers also change the effective refractive index of their optical guided modes, which allows control over their Fabry-Perot spectrum. In addition, we show that evanescent coupling of two vertically standing nanowire lasers, having different cross section sizes, leads to a Vernier effect, which results in single mode emission from the small footprint coupled lasers system.
Microarray and Serial Analysis of Gene Expression Analyses Identify Known and Novel Transcripts Overexpressed in Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2004)

The human CD34(+)/CD38(-)/Lin(-) cell subset, comprising approximately 1-10% of the CD34(+) cell population, contains few of the less primitive hematopoietic (lineage-committed) progenitor cells (HPCs) but most of the primitive in vivo engrafting (lympho-)hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We analyzed gene expression in CD34(+)/CD38(-)/Lin(-) cell populations isolated from normal human adult donor bone marrow, neonatal placental/umbilical cord blood, and mobilized adult donor peripheral blood stem-progenitor cells. As measured by Affymetrix microarrays, 4746 genes were expressed in CD34(+)/CD38(-)/Lin(-) cells from all three tissues. We also determined the transcriptomes of the stem cell-depleted, HPC-enriched CD34(+)/[CD38/Lin](++) cell population from each tissue. Comparison of CD34(+)/CD38(-)/Lin(-) (HSC-enriched) versus CD34(+)/[CD38/Lin](++) (HPC-enriched, HSC-depleted) cells from each tissue yielded 81 genes overrepresented and 90 genes underrepresented, common to all three of the CD34(+)/CD38(-)/Lin(-) cell populations. These transcripts, which are selectively expressed in HSCs from all three tissues, include a number of known genes (e.g., transcription factors, receptors, and signaling molecules) that might play roles in key functions (e.g., survival, self-renewal, differentiation, and/or migration/adhesion) of human HSCs. Many genes/transcripts of unknown function were also detected by microarray analysis. Serial analysis of gene expression of the bone marrow HSC and HPC populations confirmed expression of most of the overrepresented transcripts for which reliable serial analysis of gene expression tags were detected and additionally suggested that current microarrays do not detect as many as 30% of the transcripts expressed in HSCs, including a number of previously unknown transcripts. This work is a step toward full definition of the transcriptome of normal human HSCs and may identify new genes involved in leukemogenesis and cancer stem cells.
SU‐DD‐A1‐02: The X's and O's of 3D Dosimetry Phantoms (2010)

Purpose : As rotational radiation therapy becomes more prevalent, the need grows for new methodologies of per‐patient dose QA. An approach commonly used for static‐field IMRT QA (per‐beam planar dose normal to the beam axis) is less relevant for rotating beams; thus, more attention has turned to composite dose in a 3D phantom. In this work, two commercial 3D dosimetry phantoms are studied under identical conditions (TPS, delivery) for rotational plans. Materials and Methods : The Delta4 (ScandiDos) and ArcCHECK (Sun Nuclear Corporation) devices were each entered into the TPS as QA phantoms for the transference of VMAT plans produced by the Pinnacle TPS (Philips). The sensitivity to the angular discretizing of a rotational plan into 2, 4, and 6 degree sub‐arcs was studied. In addition, small errors were introduced into the TPS calculation (MLC shifts, transmission changes) to assay each device's sensitivity to those errors. Results : The ArcCHECK's peripheral detector geometry was far more sensitive to TPS angular discretization of the dose calculation; however, the impact of the difference in 2‐degree and 4‐degree sub‐arcs was very small in the high dose central/target regions, as evidenced by the high passing rates of the Delta4. Both devices showed insensitivity to small errors induced in MLC position and transmission, but both were sensitive (D4 at 3%/3mm and 2%/2mm, AC at 2%/2mm) to MLC shifts of 0.9 mm. Comparison results between Delta4 and ArcCHECK trended similarly, but passing rates were not the same. Conclusions : The design of the detectors' locations in 3D space is critical to understanding the behavior of a 3D dosimetry phantom. Dose QA results measured by one system are not interchangeable with another's if the detector geometries are not identical. Ideally, it would be useful to correlate these phantom dose QA results to their impact to patient dose/DVH on a per‐patient basis.
cAMP Signaling in Pathobiology of Alcohol Associated Liver Disease (2020)

The importance of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cellular responses to extracellular signals is well established. Many years after discovery, our understanding of the intricacy of cAMP signaling has improved dramatically. Multiple layers of regulation exist to ensure the specificity of cellular cAMP signaling. Hence, disturbances in cAMP homeostasis could arise at multiple levels, from changes in G protein coupled receptors and production of cAMP to the rate of degradation by phosphodiesterases. cAMP signaling plays critical roles in metabolism, inflammation and development of fibrosis in several tissues. Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a multifactorial condition ranging from a simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis, which might lead to hepatocellular cancer. To date, there is no FDA-approved therapy for ALD. Hence, identifying the targets for the treatment of ALD is an important undertaking. Several human studies have reported the changes in cAMP homeostasis in relation to alcohol use disorders. cAMP signaling has also been extensively studied in in vitro and in vivo models of ALD. This review focuses on the role of cAMP in the pathobiology of ALD with emphasis on the therapeutic potential of targeting cAMP signaling for the treatment of various stages of ALD.
The Primary Process of the Photochemical Formation of 1-Nitrenopyrene (1976)

Abstract The primary process of the photo-decomposition of 1-azidopyrene (Py–N3) was studied with the aid of nanosecond time-resolved laser photolysis. An excited singlet 1-nitrenopyrene (Py–N) was identified as an intermediate for the formation of the ground triplet nitrene. The direct photo-decomposition of 1-azidopyrene occurs through Py–N3* (singlet)→Py–N* (singlet)→Py–N (triplet). The lifetime of the excited singlet nitrene was found to be 22 ns at room temperature in benzene and was found to be slightly longer at 77 K.
EEG and Epilepsy Monitoring (2013)

EEG is an invaluable tool in the diagnosis and management of a patient with epilepsy, and continuous EEG monitoring is useful in identifying subclinical seizures and nonconvulsive status epilepticus in critically ill patients.
Horace Waring 1910-1980 (1981)

Historical Records of Australian Science publishes peer-reviewed articles and book reviews on the history of science and scientists in Australia and the southwest Pacific, biographical memoirs of deceased Fellows of the Academy, and an annual bibliography of the history of Australian science
Spin Orbit Interaction in an In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As / In<sub>0.7</sub>Ga<sub>0.3</sub>As Shallow Two Dimensional Electron Gas for Electrical Spin Injection and Detection (2009)

2009 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Spin Orbit Interaction in an In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As / In<sub>0.7</sub>Ga<sub>0.3</sub>As Shallow Two Dimensional Electron Gas for Electrical Spin Injection and Detection
Modifications to the Framework Regions Eliminate Chimeric Antigen Receptor Tonic Signaling (2021)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) tonic signaling, defined as spontaneous activation and release of proinflammatory cytokines by CAR-T cells, is considered a negative attribute because it leads to impaired antitumor effects. Here, we report that CAR tonic signaling is caused by the intrinsic instability of the mAb single-chain variable fragment (scFv) to promote self-aggregation and signaling via the CD3ζ chain incorporated into the CAR construct. This phenomenon was detected in a CAR encoding either CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory endodomains. Instability of the scFv was caused by specific amino acids within the framework regions (FWR) that can be identified by computational modeling. Substitutions of the amino acids causing instability, or humanization of the FWRs, corrected tonic signaling of the CAR, without modifying antigen specificity, and enhanced the antitumor effects of CAR-T cells. Overall, we demonstrated that tonic signaling of CAR-T cells is determined by the molecular instability of the scFv and that computational analyses of the scFv can be implemented to correct the scFv instability in CAR-T cells with either CD28 or 4-1BB costimulation.
Sharing location in online social networks (2010)

Online social networks (OSNs) have become important media for information sharing among Internet users. In particular, several OSNs provide mechanisms to facilitate sharing of the users' location, which is gaining increased popularity due to the growth of GPS-equipped smartphones. These location-based OSNs (LSNs) bridge users' physical and social worlds, allowing users to know where their friends are and enabling location-based information access and user interactions. In this article we first introduce several LSNs and compare their location-sharing related features. A user's location, however, is sensitive and personal information that may raise significant privacy concerns. To understand real-world users' location-sharing behavior, we collected 21 months of data traces from a commercial LSN and analyzed its users' location-sharing updates. We found that the characteristics of the users' privacy protection behavior is correlated with their age, gender, mobility, and geographic region. In addition, friends tend to have similar privacy protection patterns. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the first large-scale empirical study of a modern LSN.
From Highly Enantioselective Monomeric Catalysts to Highly Enantioselective Polymeric Catalysts:  Application of Rigid and Sterically Regular Chiral Binaphthyl Polymers to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Secondary Alcohols (1999)

A 1,1‘-binaphthyl-based polymeric chiral catalyst with the most general enantioselectivity for the alkylzinc addition to a broad range of aldehydes has been obtained. This polymer can be easily recovered, and the recycled polymer shows the same catalytic properties as the original polymer. A highly enantioselective catalytic diphenylzinc addition to aldehydes has also been achieved by using the chiral binaphthyl monomer and polymer catalysts. Particularly, the excellent enantioselectivity observed for the addition of diphenylzinc to aromatic aldehydes allows the preparation of optically active diaryl carbinols that are synthetically useful but difficult to access by asymmetric catalysis. A novel asymmetric reduction of ketones catalyzed by the mono- and polybinaphthyl zinc complexes has been discovered. Our work on the asymmetric organozinc addition to aldehydes and the asymmetric reduction of ketones catalyzed by the zinc complexes of chiral binaphthyl monomer (R)-12 and polybinaphthyl (R)-43 has not only provided new methods to prepare optically active secondary alcohols but also demonstrated that incorporation of an enantioselective monomeric catalyst into a rigid and sterically regular polymer structure could almost completely preserve the catalytic properties of the monomeric catalyst. This strategy may find general application in converting existing highly enantioselective monomer catalysts into polymer catalysts of similar enantioselectivity provided that the catalytically active species of the monomer catalysts contain only the monomeric units rather than the aggregates of the monomers. By using this strategy, it is possible to overcome the drawbacks associated with the traditional approach to preparing polymeric chiral catalysts where the microenvironments of the catalytic sites in the polymers are often significantly altered from those in the monomeric catalysts due to the flexible and sterically irregular polymer chains.
Figure S3 from Linking Cancer Metabolism to DNA Repair and Accelerated Senescence (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IRIF persistence induced by glucose-limiting condition or 2-DG is PARP independent.&lt;/p&gt;
From Protein Domains to Drug Candidates — Natural Products as Guiding Principles in the Design and Synthesis of Compound Libraries. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Super-resolution photoacoustic microscopy using blind structured illumination (2016)

We present a method for enhancing the spatial resolution of optical-absorption-based photoacoustic imaging through or within highly scattering media. The optical speckle pattern that emerges as light propagates through diffuse media provides structured illumination to an object placed behind a scattering wall. The photoacoustic signal produced by such illumination is detected using a focused ultrasound transducer. We demonstrate through both simulation and experiment that, by acquiring multiple photoacoustic images, each produced by a different random and unknown speckle pattern, an image of an absorbing object can be reconstructed with a spatial resolution far exceeding that of the ultrasound transducer. The imaging approach and reconstruction method exploiting joint sparsity will be valuable for biomedical applications and other fields where high-frequency structural information is scrambled by diffusive processes.
Synthesis of a Silyl Cobalt Hydride and Its Catalytic Performance in Kumada Coupling Reactions (2017)

Four silyl [P,Si]-chelate cobalt complexes (2-5) have been synthesized through the chelate-assisted Si-H activation of bidentate preligand ortho-HSi(Me)<sub>2</sub> (PPh<sub>2</sub> )C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>4</sub> (1) with CoMe(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>4</sub> and CoCl(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>3</sub> . The silyl Co<sup>I</sup> complex, Co(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>3</sub> (1-Si(Me)<sub>2</sub> -2-(PPh<sub>2</sub> )C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>4</sub> ) (2), was synthesized by Si-H activation of 1 with CoMe(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>4</sub> or by combining complex 5 with MeLi and PMe<sub>3</sub> . Complex 2 was treated with CH<sub>3</sub> I or EtBr, generating the silyl Co<sup>II</sup> products CoI(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub> (1-Si(Me)<sub>2</sub> -2-(PPh<sub>2</sub> )C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>4</sub> ) (3) and CoBr(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub> (1-Si(Me)<sub>2</sub> -2-(PPh<sub>2</sub> )C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>4</sub> ) (4). The silyl Co<sup>III</sup> hydride, CoHCl(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub> (1-Si(Me)<sub>2</sub> -2-(PPh<sub>2</sub> )C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>4</sub> ) (5), was obtained by the reaction of complex 1 with CoCl(PMe<sub>3</sub> )<sub>3</sub> . The catalytic performance of complex 5 was explored for Kumada coupling reactions, showing good to excellent catalytic efficiency with 2 mol % catalyst loading for the reactions of aryl chlorides or aryl bromides with Grignard reagents. It is noteworthy that the synthesis of 5 as a chelate complex is easier than that of previously reported [PSiP]-pincer cobalt hydride. With similar catalytic efficiency for Kumada reactions, the catalyst loading (2 %) of 5 was lower than that (5 %) of [PSiP]-pincer cobalt hydride.
Synthesis, structure, and properties of an undecairon(III) oxo-hydroxo aggregate: an approach to the polyiron core in ferritin (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and properties of an undecairon(III) oxo-hydroxo aggregate: an approach to the polyiron core in ferritinSergiu M. Gorun, Georgia C. Papaefthymiou, Richard B. Frankel, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 11, 3337–3348Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00245a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00245a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views574Altmetric-Citations146LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Design of a microscopy illumination using a partial coherent light source (2005)

A homogeneous illumination of a microscope requires a homogeneous intensity distribution in the field plane and in the pupil plane. An inhomogeneity in the pupil gives rise to a distortion in the image. This distortion is more clearly seen in defocused image planes and is commonly misinterpreted as classical aberration. An inhomogeneous intensity distribution in the field plane causes for example a line thickness variation of an imaged structure. In classical microscopy which operates with classical light sources, for example spiral-wound filaments, the task of designing a homogenised illumination can be solved using geometrical optics. Using instead of an incoherent a partial coherent light source may lead to interferences in the pupil and in the field plane which represent the major problem of such illumination systems. We present simulated results concerning the propagation of partial coherent light. The lateral and temporal coherence of a multimode laser was determined experimentally. With these results simulations were done using partial coherent beams. The considered optical components include lenslet arrays and diffractive optical elements.
Evaluation of Deep Levels in Si-MOS Structure using ICTS Measurement (1998)

Interface traps and bulk traps induced by heavy metal impurities in Si-MOS structure have been characterized, using Isothermal Capacitance Transient Spectroscopy (ICTS). In addition, the use of MOS inversion time is proposed for the detection of a very low density of heavy metal impurities in the ICTS measurements.As a result, it has been made clear that heavy metal impurities enhanced interface trap densities as well as induced bulk traps. The degree of the enhancement is varied by the species of heavy metal impurities. It is discussed that interface traps may be enhanced by the substitutional heavy metal impurities. Moreover, it has been ascertained that a very low level of contamination by heavy metals is able to be detected by using MOS inversion time. This has been experimentally shown by the use of copper impurities. Furthermore, it has been clarified from the change of MOS inversion time that interface traps are also detrimental to carrier generation lifetime.
MPT, a universal multi-purpose tuner (2005)

Electro-mechanical microwave tuners are, for several reasons, the preferred solution for in-fixture and on-wafer load pull testing; they provide the highest VSWR (up to 200:1), the highest power handling (up to 400W CW) and resolution (several million tunable points at any frequency), tuning capability to any impedance (due to interpolated tuning), low-pass behavior (because they use a 50/spl Omega/ transmission airline as default media) and comprehensive harmonic tuning. Up to now electromechanical slide screw tuners can be built either as ultra wideband (using two probes of different widths), high VSWR (using a pre-matching stage) or as harmonic rejection tuners, but not all at the same time. Especially disturbing are wideband tuners, when used in load pull testing of highly compressed transistors without separate tuning capability of the harmonics. In this case the effect of uncontrollably dangling harmonic impedances generates non-quantifiable and non-correctable systematic measurement errors, which falsify the basic form of the load pull contours. In order to avoid this phenomenon complex harmonic load pull setups use frequency triplexers and three tuners or two tuners, one wideband and one harmonic rejection tuner, per DUT side. In order to maximize tunable VSWR on wafer, low-loss bend airlines are used. This translates all tuner vibrations to the probes. In order to avoid this phenomenon mechanically balanced tuners and microprocessor motor drives are needed. In this paper we propose a new tuner type, the multi-purpose tuner. It is a wideband slide screw tuner, which uses three independently controllable microwave probes. The use of three probes adds a control dimension to the tuners, which, when employed properly, allows simultaneous applications of the same unit, without any hardware modifications: 1) harmonic tuning (fo, 2fo, 3fo), operational over a wide frequency range without hardware interventions (resonator or triplexer changes); 2) high VSWR (prematching) tuning; 3) ultra stable tuning for on-wafer applications; and 4) ultra wideband tuning.
FluoMEP: A new genotyping method combining the advantages of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism (2007)

PCR-based identification of differences between two unknown genomes often requires complex manipulation of the templates prior to amplification and/or gel electrophoretic separation of a large number of samples with manual methods. Here, we describe a new genotyping method, called fluorescent motif enhanced polymorphism (fluoMEP). The fluoMEP method is based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay, but combines the advantages of the large collection of unlabelled 10mer primers (ca. 5000) from commercial sources and the power of the automated CE devices used for the detection of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) patterns. The link between these two components is provided by a fluorescently labeled "common primer" that is used in a two-primer PCR together with an unlabeled RAPD primer. By using the same "common primer" and a series of RAPD primers, DNA templates can be screened quickly and effectively for polymorphisms. Our manuscript describes the optimization of the method and its characterization on different templates. We demonstrate by using several different approaches that the addition of the "common primer" to the PCR changes the profile of amplified fragments, allowing for screening various parts of the genome with the same set of unlabeled primers. We also present an in silico analysis of the genomic localization of fragments amplified by a RAPD primer with two different "common primers" and alone.