gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Properties of Transparent Film Made from Linear Polyethylene by Irradiation Cross-Linking (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Properties of Transparent Film Made from Linear Polyethylene by Irradiation Cross-LinkingR. Kitamaru, H.-D. Chu, and S.-H. HyonCite this: Macromolecules 1973, 6, 3, 337–343Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60033a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60033a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Negative Reflecting Meta-Mirrors (2017)

Using the gradient phase discontinuities that meta-mirrors provide, we show that the incident wave can be reflected anomalously with a broad angle range of negative reflections. Such reversed behaviors promote the immediate applications for the planar meta-mirrors to steer the signals more arbitrarily and the convex meta-mirrors to focus and collimate electromagnetic fields. We practically implement these negative reflecting meta-mirrors through an arrangement of subwavelength ring patches and generate the desired phase distribution by also considering the incident angle. Finally, the experiments are carried out to verify the functionality of the convex meta-mirror firstly, and the performances of the planar meta-mirror are also tested by further building up a dual reflector system with the demonstration of obtaining the plane wave from the convex meta-mirror and then having the well collimated beam negative reflected by the planar meta-mirror. The proposed design should be readily applicable to a wide range of electromagnetic problems, especially for devising smart planar illusion devices, and highly directive antennas mounting on convex surfaces of various platforms.
Effect of calcitonin on salivary phosphorus and calcium excretion in sheep (1984)

Three thyroidectomized sheep were infused intravenously with porcine calcitonin at a rate of 30 mi.u./h per kg and three sham-operated sheep were infused with vehicle for 5 h. Saliva was collected from the left parotid duct by cannulation for 10 min in every hour. Salivary secretion rates were not changed in either thyroidectomized or sham-operated sheep throughout the experiment. Before the infusion, salivary phosphorus excretion was less in thyroidectomized sheep than in sham-operated animals. Calcitonin infusion increased salivary phosphorus excretion and decreased serum phosphorus concentrations in thyroidectomized sheep. Vehicle infusion did not affect salivary phosphorus excretion in sham-operated sheep. Serum concentrations and salivary excretion of calcium were decreased by calcitonin infusion into thyroidectomized sheep but were not changed in sham-operated sheep infused with vehicle. Calcitonin infusion increased serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in thyroidectomized sheep after the decrease of serum calcium concentrations. However, vehicle infusion did not affect serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in sham-operated sheep. There was little change of cyclic AMP excretion during the experiment in either thyroidectomized or sham-operated sheep. It is concluded that calcitonin increases salivary phosphorus excretion in sheep.
A model of high resolution cross strip readout for photon and ion counting imaging detectors (2005)

Recent advances in the photon counting, imaging readout for microchannel plate (MCP) detectors has led to a substantial improvement in their spatial resolution. The spatial accuracy (/spl sim/7-10 /spl mu/m) of an MCP detector with a cross strip readout has been shown to be limited by the MCP pore size (<10 /spl mu/m). In this paper we study the ultimate resolution limits of the cross strip readout itself. The model allows us to determine the requirements on the anode's geometry and the signal processing electronics in order to reach a particular spatial resolution. The optimal detector parameters, such as the width of the charge footprint at the anode (determined by the distance and the field between the MCP and the anode), and the gain of the detector can also be found with the help of our model. The model indicates that the optimum FWHM of the charge footprint distribution at the anode is a factor of /spl sim/1.6 larger than the anode period. Given a noise of charge sensitive amplifiers of 350 electrons rms each we predict that the MCP gain can be as low as 2.5/spl times/10/sup 5/ for this detector to resolve /spl sim/7 /spl mu/m features. Results of our modeling also indicate that the accuracy of the position obtained for center of gravity centroiding of the charge distribution is inferior to fitting a Gaussian-like analytical function, providing the geometry of the anode is accurate enough. The model predictions are compared with the experimentally measured images and reveal the critical parameters (anode's geometry accuracy and amplifier noise), which can be improved in future detectors.
Tuning optical responses of metallic dipole nanoantenna using graphene (2013)

Nanoantennas play a fundamental role in the nanotechnology due to their capabilities to confine and enhance the light through converting the localized fields to propagating ones, and vice versa. Here, we theoretically propose a novel nanoantenna with the metal-insulator-graphene configuration where a graphene sheet dynamically controls the characteristics of a metallic dipole antenna in terms of near-field distribution, resonance frequency, bandwidth, radiation pattern, etc. Our results show that by modifying dispersion relation of the graphene sheet attached to the insulator through tuning chemical potentials, we can achieve strong mode couplings between the graphene sheet and the metallic nanoantenna on the top of the insulator. Interestingly, the in-phase and out-of-phase couplings between metallic plasmonics and graphene plasmonics not only split the single resonance frequency of the conventional metallic dipole antenna but also modify the near-field and far-field responses of the metal-graphene nanoantenna. This work is of a great help to design high-performance electrically-tunable nanoantennas applicable both in nano-optics and nano-electronics fields.
ACM multimedia 2008 (2008)

The VNBA workshop marks a new era of the successful series of the Video Surveillance and Sensor Networks (VSSN) workshops, held until 2006 in conjunction with the ACM Multimedia conference. This new version of the workshop inherits from VSSN the experienced Technical Program Committee as well as the interests of its community, but shifts the focus to cover higher level topics and applications under the common framework of "behaviour analysis", hence aiming to adapt to the evolved directions of interest in the field, and reaching out to other research communities with overlapping interests.
Synthesis of Efavirenz by an innovative cost effective cyclisation process (2015)

The present invention relates to a novel process fo r the preparation of (4S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylet hynyl)-1, 4- dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3, 1-benzoxazin-2-on e (Efavirenz) of Formula I with simple and commerci ally available urea.
ChemInform Abstract: SMALL RINGS. 33. CIS,TRANS‐1,5‐CYCLOOCTADIENE: THERMOLYSIS, STRAIN ENERGY AND D TRANSANNULAR INTERACTIONS (1979)

Abstract Die Umlagerung des cis‐trans‐1,5‐Cyclooctadiens wird diskutiert.
ROLES OF PROLACTIN AND HORMONE IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING (2000)

Prolactin (PRL), a peptide hormone, is produced by lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates mammary growth and differentiation. Pituitary secretion of PRL is stimulated by suckling and stress and is restricted by hypothalamic d ~ p a m i n e . ~ ~ It is now recognized that PRL is produced in a number of sites outside the pituitary, including the brain and lymphocytes.12 PRL is important in maintaining immune competence1l8C 120, 122, lZ6 and has the potential to play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune illnesses.
Koebner Phenomenon in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2013)

Koebner phenomenon indicates the newly appearance of isomorphic lesions at the sites of mechanically stimulated or injured skin. This phenomenon can be seen in various inflammatory, auto-immune, viral, fibrotic, and even tumoral disorders. Also, rheumatic diseases such as lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often present with cutaneous manifestations with isomorphic response of Koebner. RA presents with various skin conditions as extra-articular manifestations. Rheumatoid nodule is the representative specific skin lesion which frequently occurs on the hand, elbow, sole, sacrum, occipital area, and so on. These sites are susceptible to both outer and inner mechanical stress. Rheumatoid nodules involve not only skin but internal tissues such as spine, lung, heart valves, and gastrointestinal tract, which are also susceptible to mechanical stress. This isomorphic response may be induced at deeper levels than skin, and thus considered to be “deep” or “internal” Koebner phenomenon. Other than rheumatoid nodules, several specific skin conditions are associated with RA, such as palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis and rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, which can be seen on the fingers, elbows, knees and sole. Also, there are various other skin lesions in association with RA, which show Koebner phenomenon, such as neutrophilic dermatosis and autoimmune bullous diseases. Koebner phenomenon may be closely associated with the induction of various specific or nonspecific conditions, not restricted to the skin, in association with RA.
Navigating Imprecision in Relevance Assessments on the Road to Total Recall (2017)

Technology-assisted review ("TAR") systems seek to achieve "total recall"; that is, to approach, as nearly as possible, the ideal of 100% recall and 100% precision, while minimizing human review effort. The literature reports that TAR methods using relevance feedback can achieve considerably greater than the 65% recall and 65% precision reported by Voorhees as the "practical upper bound on retrieval performance... since that is the level at which humans agree with one another" (Variations in Relevance Judgments and the Measurement of Retrieval Effectiveness, 2000). This work argues that in order to build - as well as to, evaluate - TAR systems that approach 100% recall and 100% precision, it is necessary to model human assessment, not as absolute ground truth, but as an indirect indicator of the amorphous property known as "relevance." The choice of model impacts both the evaluation of system effectiveness, as well as the simulation of relevance feedback. Models are presented that better fit available data than the infallible ground-truth model. These models suggest ways to improve TAR-system effectiveness so that hybrid human-computer systems can improve on both the accuracy and efficiency of human review alone. This hypothesis is tested by simulating TAR using two datasets: the TREC 4 AdHoc collection, and a dataset consisting of 401,960 email messages that were manually reviewed and classified by a single individual, Roger, in his official capacity as Senior State Records Archivist. The results using the TREC 4 data show that TAR achieves higher recall and higher precision than the assessments by either of two independent NIST assessors, and blind adjudication of the email dataset, conducted by Roger, more than two years after his original review, shows that he could have achieved the same recall and better precision, while reviewing substantially fewer than 401,960 emails, had he employed TAR in place of exhaustive manual review.
Opinions Towards Sexual Partners with a Large Age Difference (2001)

ABSTRACT Attitudes towards heterosexual sexual relationships, where there is a large age difference between the partners, were investigated. The media assumption that public opinion objects to large age-different relationships and that this objection is more pronounced for relationships where the female is considerably older was examined. One hundred and twenty-two participants completed a questionnaire comprising one scenario of an age-different relationship and seven categories of opinion on which the respondents had to rate their own attitude on a 6-point scale. These seven categories included the ‘acceptability,’ ‘happiness,’ ‘length’ and ‘unrealistic nature’ of a relationship, and also how much respondents thought a couple had in common and whether they considered one member of a couple to be looking for ‘resources’ or a ‘parental figure.’ Large age differences in relationships were found to be significantly less acceptable as the age-difference increased and there was significantly stronger opposition to female-older relationships than to male-older ones.
B1 destructive interferences and spatial phase patterns at 7 T with a head transceiver array coil (2005)

RF behavior in the human head becomes complex at ultrahigh magnetic fields. A bright center and a weak periphery are observed in images obtained with volume coils, while surface coils provide strong signal in the periphery. Intensity patterns reported with volume coils are often loosely referred to as "dielectric resonances," while modeling studies ascribe them to superposition of traveling waves greatly dampened in lossy brain tissues, raising questions regarding the usage of this term. Here we address this question experimentally, taking full advantage of a transceiver coil array that was used in volume transmit mode, multiple receiver mode, or single transmit surface coil mode. We demonstrate with an appropriately conductive sphere phantom that destructive interferences are responsible for a weak B(1) in the periphery, without a significant standing wave pattern. The relative spatial phase of receive and transmit B(1) proved remarkably similar for the different coil elements, although with opposite rotational direction. Additional simulation data closely matched our phantom results. In the human brain the phase patterns were more complex but still exhibited similarities between coil elements. Our results suggest that measuring spatial B(1) phase could help, within an MR session, to perform RF shimming in order to obtain more homogeneous B(1) in user-defined areas of the brain.
Systematization and embryological and anatomical study of mirror-image dextrocardias, dextroversions, and laevoversions. (1971)

The study of the embryological development of the heart and the viscera permits the establish- ment of an interrelation between the visceral situs, the malpositions of the heart, the truncoconal morphologies, and the position of the cardiac chambers; this in turn enables a correct classification and a precise nomenclature.
Yb:CaF2 femtosecond laser (2005)

We report the first demonstration of a high power passively mode-locked diode-pumped femtosecond laser based on an Yb3+:CaF2 crystal. Pulses of 150 fs with an average power of 0.88 W and pulse of 230 fs with an average power of 1.74 W have been produced.
USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory: Acetylation of Wood 1945–1966 (2021)

The first research on acetylation of wood started in 1928, and the first research done on acetylation of wood at the USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) started in 1945. This is a review of the research done between 1945 and 1966 at the FPL. This research was the first to show that acetylated wood was both decay-resistant and dimensionally stable. It was the pioneering research that ultimately led to the commercial production of acetylated wood.
The high societal costs of childhood conduct problems: evidence from administrative records up to age 38 in a longitudinal birth cohort (2017)

Conduct problems in childhood signal high future costs in terms of service utilization across multiple sectors. Future evaluations of interventions aimed at conduct problems should also track potential reductions in health burden and service usage that stretch into midlife.
Structure Driven Image Database Retrieval (1997)

A new algorithm is presented which approximates the perceived visual similarity between images. The images are initially transformed into a feature space which captures visual structure, texture and color using a tree of filters. Similarity is the inverse of the distance in this perceptual feature space. Using this algorithm we have constructed an image database system which can perform example based retrieval on large image databases. Using carefully constructed target sets, which limit variation to only a single visual characteristic, retrieval rates are quantitatively compared to those of standard methods. Accepted Advanced in Neural Information Processing 10 (1997). 1 Introduction Without supplementary information, there exists no way to directly measure the similarity between the content of images. In general, one cannot answer a question of the form: &amp;quot;is image A more like image B or image C?&amp;quot; without defining the criteria by which this comparison is to be made. People perform su...
Human Carboxylesterase-2 Hydrolyzes the Prodrug of Gemcitabine (LY2334737) and Confers Prodrug Sensitivity to Cancer Cells (2013)

CES2 is responsible for the slow hydrolysis of LY2334737. Because intact prodrug circulates at high plasma levels after oral LY2334737 administration, improved response rates may be observed by tailoring LY2334737 treatment to patients with CES2 tumor expression.
Tuning CO2 hydrogenation selectivity on Ni/TiO2 catalysts via sulfur addition (2022)

Although sulfur has long been identified as a poison for Ni catalysts in CO-methanation, its association with Ni on a reducible support allows the selective formation of CO in CO 2 hydrogenation.
A Smart High Accuracy Calibration Algorithm for 3-D Piezoresistive Stress Sensor (2016)

Numerical and experimental sensitivity analyses in this paper indicate that the accuracy of a silicon multi-element piezoresistive (PR) stress sensor can be dramatically influenced by the microfabrication non-uniformity and the uncertainties in the values of the PR coefficients and the thermal coefficient of resistance (TCR). The results showed that errors as large as 70% FS or more, in the extracted stress values, may be obtained due to uncertainty of about 2.5% in the values of PR coefficients. This paper aims to evaluate the capabilities of the artificial neural network (ANN) to eliminate the error in stress measurement, due to the fabrication non-uniformity within wafer, wafer-to-wafer, and batch-to-batch, for multi-element PR sensing rosettes. In this paper, sensing chips from two different batches were integrated in building the ANN and testing its performance. The proposed calibration technique employs the neural network fitting Toolbox in MATLAB to generate a two-layer feed-forward network, with sigmoid hidden neurons and linear output neurons. Three different configurations of calibration were designed to test the generalization abilities of the ANN in capturing the in-plane stress components exerted on the silicon chip. The results showed that ANN is capable of accurately predicting the stresses applied to the sensing chip with maximum stress error of 1.5% FS with no need for individual, expensive, and time-consuming calibration process for each sensor.
A Facile Synthesis and Herbicidal Activities of Novel Fluorine‐Containing Thiazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidin‐7(6H)‐ones. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Prototypical Matching and Open Set Rejection for Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation (2021)

The DCNN methods in addressing semantic segmentation demand vast amount of pixel-wise annotated training samples. In this work, we present zero-shot semantic segmentation, which aims to identify not only the seen classes contained in training but also the novel classes that have never been seen. We adopt a stringent inductive setting in which only the instances of seen classes are accessible during training. We propose an open-aware prototypical matching approach to accomplish the segmentation. The prototypical way extracts the visual representations by a set of prototypes, making it convenient and flexible to add new unseen classes. A prototype projection is trained to map the semantic representations towards prototypes based on seen instances, and will generate prototypes for unseen classes. Moreover, an open-set rejection is utilized to detect objects that do not belong to any seen classes, which greatly reduces the misclassification of unseen objects into seen classes due to the lack of seen training instances. We apply the framework on two segmentation datasets, Pascal VOC 2012 and Pascal Context, and achieve impressively state-of-the-art performance.
Inverse-scattering theory within the Rytov approximation (1981)

A method for determining the internal structure of a localized scattering potential from field measurements performed outside the scattering volume is developed by using the Rytov approximation. The theory is compared with the inverse-scattering method within the Born and eikonal approximations and found to reduce to these methods in the weak-scattering (Born) and very-short-wavelength (eikonal) limits.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Cirrhotic: Review of Literature on Indications and Technique (2020)

Cholelithiasis is twice more common in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis compared to overall population and in those patients, acute cholecystitis occurs significantly more often. Our goal was to review the literature and to overview the indications, contra-indications, and alternatives in the cirrhotic with biliary stones. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using the key words "Cirrhosis", "cholecystectomy", "laparoscopy"and "indications". Selected articles were reviewed for information specific to indications, contra-indications, and alternatives to laparoscopic cholecystectomy in cirrhotics. Results showed that laparoscopic cholecystectomy might offer several advantages in cirrhotic population, however cholecystectomy can be challenging: specific indications and alternatives to surgery must be discussed case by case. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely in selected patients with cirrhosis; special precautions are warranted regarding pneumoperitoneum pressure, trocar placement and increased safety with Indocyanine-green (ICG) fluorescence cholangiography. Nevertheless, in high-risk cirrhotic patients (Child C) and/or in common bile duct lithiasis endoscopic and non-surgical conservative treatments are preferable.