gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CC17 group B Streptococcus exploits integrins for neonatal meningitis development (2021)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the major cause of human neonatal infections. A single clone, designated CC17-GBS, accounts for more than 80% of meningitis cases, the most severe form of the infection. However, the events allowing blood-borne GBS to penetrate the brain remain largely elusive. In this study, we identified the host transmembrane receptors α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins as the ligands of Srr2, a major CC17-GBS-specific adhesin. Two motifs located in the binding region of Srr2 were responsible for the interaction between CC17-GBS and these integrins. We demonstrated in a blood-brain-barrier cellular model that both integrins contributed to the adhesion and internalization of CC17-GBS. Strikingly, both integrins were overexpressed during the postnatal period in the brain vessels of the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and contributed to juvenile susceptibility to CC17 meningitis. Finally, blocking these integrins decreased the ability of CC17-GBS to cross into the CNS of juvenile mice in an in vivo model of meningitis. Our study demonstrated that CC17-GBS exploits integrins in order to cross the brain vessels, leading to meningitis. Importantly, it provides host molecular insights into neonate's susceptibility to CC17-GBS meningitis, thereby opening new perspectives for therapeutic and prevention strategies of GBS-elicited meningitis.
Immobilized Me2Si(C5Me4)(N‐tBu)TiCl2/(nBuCp)2ZrCl2 hybrid metallocene catalyst system for the production of poly(ethylene‐co‐hexene) with pseudo‐bimodal molecular weight and inverse comonomer distribution (2007)

Abstract Me 2 Si(C 5 Me 4 )( N ‐ t Bu)TiCl 2 , ( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 , and Me 2 Si(C 5 Me 4 )( N ‐ t Bu)TiCl 2 /( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 catalyst systems were successfully immobilized on silica and applied to ethylene/hexene copolymerization. In the presence of 20 mL of hexene and 25 mg of butyloctyl magnesium in 400 mL of isobutane at 40 bar of ethylene, Me 2 Si(C 5 Me 4 )( N ‐ t Bu)TiCl 2 immobilized catalyst afforded poly(ethylene‐ co ‐hexene) with high molecular weight ([η] = 12.41) and high comonomer content (%C 6 = 2.8%), while ( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 ‐immobilized catalyst afforded polymers with relatively low molecular weight ([η] = 2.58) with low comonomer content (%C 6 = 0.9%). Immobilized Me 2 Si(C 5 Me 4 )( N ‐ t Bu)TiCl 2 /( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 hybrid catalyst exhibited high and stable polymerization activity with time, affording polymers with pseudo‐bimodal molecular weight distribution and clear inverse comonomer distribution (low comonomer content for low molecular weight polymer fraction and vice versa). The polymerization characteristics and rate profiles suggest that individual catalysts in the hybrid catalyst system are independent of each other. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:131–139, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Analysis of Long-Term Flows Resulting from Large-Scale Sodium-Water Reactions in an LMFBR Secondary System (1984)

Leaks in LMFBR steam generators cannot entirely be prevented; thus the steam generators and the intermediate heat transport system (IHTS) of an LMFBR must be designed to withstand the effects of the leaks. A large-scale leak which might result from a sudden break of a steam generator tube, and the resulting sodium-water reaction (SWR) can generate large pressure pulses that propagate through the IHTS and exert large forces on the piping supports. This paper discusses computer programs for analyzing long-term flow and thermal effects in an LMFBR secondary system resulting from large-scale steam generator leaks, and the status of the development of the codes.
A Rostrocaudal Muscular Dystrophy Caused by a Defect in Choline Kinase Beta, the First Enzyme in Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis (2005)

Muscular dystrophies include a diverse group of genetically heterogeneous disorders that together affect 1 in 2000 births worldwide. The diseases are characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting that lead to severe disability and often premature death. Rostrocaudal muscular dystrophy (rmd) is a new recessive mouse mutation that causes a rapidly progressive muscular dystrophy and a neonatal forelimb bone deformity. The rmd mutation is a 1.6-kb intragenic deletion within the choline kinase beta (Chkb) gene, resulting in a complete loss of CHKB protein and enzymatic activity. CHKB is one of two mammalian choline kinase (CHK) enzymes (alpha and beta) that catalyze the phosphorylation of choline to phosphocholine in the biosynthesis of the major membrane phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. While mutant rmd mice show a dramatic decrease of CHK activity in all tissues, the dystrophy is only evident in skeletal muscle tissues in an unusual rostral-to-caudal gradient. Minor membrane disruption similar to dysferlinopathies suggest that membrane fusion defects may underlie this dystrophy, because severe membrane disruptions are not evident as determined by creatine kinase levels, Evans Blue infiltration, and unaltered levels of proteins in the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. The rmd mutant mouse offers the first demonstration of a defect in a phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme causing muscular dystrophy, representing a unique model for understanding mechanisms of muscle degeneration.
Candida krusei , a Multidrug-Resistant Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program, 2001 to 2005 (2007)

Candida krusei is well known as a fungal pathogen for patients with hematologic malignancies and for transplant recipients. Using the ARTEMIS Antifungal Surveillance Program database, we describe geographic and temporal trends in the isolation of C. krusei from clinical specimens and the in vitro susceptibilities of 3,448 isolates to voriconazole as determined by CLSI (formerly NCCLS) disk diffusion testing. In addition, we report the in vitro susceptibilities of bloodstream infection isolates of C. krusei to amphotericin B (304 isolates), flucytosine (254 isolates), anidulafungin (121 isolates), caspofungin (300 isolates), and micafungin (102 isolates) as determined by CLSI broth microdilution methods. Geographic differences in isolation were apparent; the highest frequency of isolation was seen for the Czech Republic (7.6%) and the lowest for Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand (0 to 0.3%). Overall, 83% of isolates were susceptible to voriconazole, ranging from 74.8% in Latin America to 92.3% in North America. C. krusei was most commonly isolated from hematology-oncology services, where only 76.7% of isolates were susceptible to voriconazole. There was no evidence of increasing resistance of C. krusei to voriconazole from 2001 to 2005. Decreased susceptibilities to amphotericin B (MIC at which 90% of isolates were inhibited [MIC(90)], 4 microg/ml) and flucytosine (MIC(90), 16 microg/ml) were noted, whereas 100% of isolates were inhibited by < or =2 microg/ml of anidulafungin (MIC(90), 0.06 microg/ml), micafungin (MIC(90), 0.12 microg/ml) or caspofungin (MIC(90), 0.25 microg/ml). C. krusei is an uncommon but multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. Among the systemically active antifungal agents, the echinocandins appear to be the most active against this important pathogen.
All‐Solid‐State pH Sensor Used in Oil Drilling Mud (2012)

Abstract A new all‐solid‐state pH sensor combining an Ion‐Selective Electrode (ISE) for pH measurements and an all‐solid‐state reference electrode using a lithium ion conducting ceramic is presented. The use of a liquid internal reference in commercialized pH and reference electrodes leads to important drawbacks that considerably limit their use for in‐situ measurements. The manufacturing and properties of an all‐solid‐state reference electrode made of the ceramic Li 0.3 La 0.57 TiO 3 (LLTO) and an all‐solid‐state pH microelectrode are described. Both electrodes are combined to prepare an all‐solid‐state pH sensor which can be used in different applications such as medicine, food industry or oil or water drilling industries.
Hemostatic closure device after carotid puncture for stent and coil placement in an intracranial aneurysm: technical note. (2002)

A 71-year-old female patient presented with a wide-necked carotid cavernous aneurysm for which stent and coil placement was planned. Arterial tortuosity required direct puncture of the common carotid artery for access. The procedure was performed while the patient was receiving antiplatelet and anticoagulative therapy. To avoid potentially hazardous and prolonged carotid compression, a closure device (Angio-Seal) was used at the end of the procedure. The postoperative period was clinically uneventful. Sonographic and angiographic follow-up of the carotid artery were performed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 5,10,15‐Triarylcorroles Using Amberlyst 15 under Solvent‐Free Conditions. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chemical defenses of the tropical ascidian Atapozoa sp. and its nudibranch predators Nembrotha spp. (1990)

The ascidian Atapozoa sp. is common in shallow reef habitats throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific. Collections from the central Philippine Islands, northern Sulawesi (Indonesia), Palau, Kwajalein. and Ant Atoll (near Ponape) were examined for the presence of secondary metabolites. In most cases, nudibranch molluscs Nembrotha spp. were found feeding on the ascidians. Like many dorid nudibranchs, these appear to obtain their defensive chem~cals through their diet. Both ascidians and nudibranchs contained large quantities of a serles of bipyrrole secondary metabolites previously described as the tambjamines. Concentrations of the different tambjamines and a related, highly bluepigmented tetrapyrrole varied among collections of the ascidians and nudlbranchs Overall, concentrations of tambjamines and the tetrapyrrole were hlgher in the nudibranchs, and were the major components of the mucus exuded by Nembrotha spp. when irritated. Tambjamin? A and the tetrapyrrole were present in the nudibranchs but did not occur in detectable ~imounts in .4tapozoa. The ascidian and nudi. branch extracts and isolated metabolites were tested as feeding deterrents toward a variety of carnivorous fishes in field assays on 2 Guam reefs that differed in the types of fishes that fed during the assays. The crude extract, mixtures of tambjamines, tambjamine C, tarnbjamine F, and the tetrapyrrole were all significant feeding deterrents at or below natural concentrations. Tambjamines A and E were not deterrent when tested alone at natural concentrations; however, a I : 1 mixture of talnbjamines E and F was deterrent when tested below natural concentrations. Evidence is thus presented that both the ascidian and its nudibranch predators use the tambjarnines as chemical defenses agalnst predators.
Combined effect of affinity and injected peptide amount on the pharmacokinetics of PSMA-specific peptide (2019)

11 Objectives: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding radiopharmaceuticals have been developed for imaging and for therapy. New ligands are under development. Beside general properties like molecular size, the dissociations constant KD has great influence on the pharmacokinetics. However, the combined effect of affinity and injected amount on the biodistribution of PSMA-specific peptides has not yet been systematically investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different KD for different injected amounts of PSMA-specific peptides on the pharmacokinetics of the tumor and organ at risks (OARs).
 Methods: Twelve patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were included in this study. A published whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic model [1] was employed to simulate the pharmacokinetics of 177Lu-PSMA I&T RLT of tumor lesions, kidneys, salivary glands, red marrow and background for KD s of 0.01-100 nM and amounts of 1-1000 nmol in steps separated by a factor square root of 10. The time-integrated activity coefficients (TIACs) were determined and normalized for organ mass for better comparison. The ratios of the normalized TIACs of tumors to kidneys, tumors to background, and kidneys to background were determined.
 Results: For KD = 0.01 nM, increasing the amount from 1 nmol to 10 nmol led to an increase of TIACs by 40 % from (63 ± 44) h/kg to (89 ± 65) h/kg for tumor lesions and by 26 % from (68 ± 15) h/kg to (86 ± 21) h/kg for the kidneys. For given amount of 100 nmol TIACs decrease to (62 ± 39) h/kg for tumor lesions and to (21 ± 6) h/kg for kidneys but the tumor to kidneys ratio increased from (1±1) to (3±1). For KD = 1 nM, TIACs for the tumor lesions and OARs decrease when increasing the peptide amount: TIACs are (39 ± 24) h/kg, (38 ± 23) h/kg and (26 ± 16) h/kg for tumor lesions and (14 ± 5) h/kg, (13 ± 4) h/kg and (7 ± 2) h/kg for tumor kidneys for injected amounts of 1 nmol, 10 nmol and 100 nmol, respectively. The corresponding TIAC ratios of tumor to kidneys are (3 ± 2), (3 ± 2), and (4 ± 2).
 Conclusions: With increasing affinity a higher influence of the injected amount on the pharmacokinetics of tumor lesions and normal tissue is present. Therefore, especially for high affinity peptides the amount of injected peptide needs to be optimized for therapy. Simulations for PET/CT applications with shorter half-lives (e.g 68Ga) are ongoing.
Thermochemistry of fullerene anions in the gas phase (1997)

The gas-phase negative ion thermochemistry of fullerenes is the focus of this article. Fullerene anions are remarkably stable species and have been observed in the solid state, in solution, and in the gas phase. Recent mass spectrometric observations of doubly charged anions of fullerenes and some of their derivatives with electronegative addends promise a new insight into the unique electronic properties of fullerenes. The gas-phase reactivity of fullerene anions and the energetics of electron-exchange reactions have been studied by the flowing afterglow and Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry methods. The application of Knudsen Cell Mass Spectrometry for studies of ion/molecular equilibria of fullerenes at elevated temperatures is discussed in detail. That method has yielded electron affinities of the higher fullerenes and some exo- and endohedral derivatives. The proposed method of the fullerene fluoroderivatives generated in situ in a mass spectrometer has enabled determination of the C—F bond energies. Although simple in design and implementation, the method of Ion-Molecule Equilibria represents an effective and powerful tool for the thermochemical studies of such complex molecules as fullerene derivatives. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 16: 333–351, 1997
AFM Images of Complexes between Amylose andAspergillus niger Glucoamylase Mutants, Native and Mutant Starch Binding Domains: A Model for the Action of Glucoamylase (2005)

Atomic force microscopy has been used to investigate the complexes formed between high molecular weight amylose chains and Aspergillus niger glucoamylase mutants (E400Q and W52F), wild-type A. niger starch binding domains (SBDs), and mutant SBDs (W563K and W590K) lacking either of the two starch binding sites. The images are interpreted in terms of a favourable binding between the amylose chains and the wild-type SBDs, leading to the formation of ring-like structures, in which parallel strands of the amylose molecule bind to both binding sites on the SBDs. The SBDs are seen to form a template for the assembly of an expanded amylosic double helix. This model for amylose-SBD binding has been used to propose a molecular mechanism for the role of the SBD in the hydrolytic action of glucoamylase on starch granules. The SBDs are considered to recognise the ends of amylosic double helices formed by the short amylosic chains present as branches on the amylopectin molecules, and displayed on the face of crystalline lamellae. This allows the binding and immobilisation of chain ends by the SBD, facilitating binding and cleavage by the exo-acting catalytic domain.
The influence of metformin and the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on mortality and hospitalisation in patients with heart failure (2018)

Metformin treatment in patients with different degrees of HF and T2DM is associated with a reduction in mortality and does not affect the hospitalisation rate.
Demonstrating PIXEE (2013)

An interactive system, PIXEE, was developed to promote greater emotional expression in image-based social media. An interdisciplinary team developed this system and has deployed it as a cultural probe around the world to explore ways that technology can foster emotional connectedness. In this system, images that participants share on social media are projected onto a large interactive display. A multimodal interface displays the sentiment analysis of image captions and invites viewers to adjust this classification in order to express their emotional response to the images. Viewers can adjust the emotional classification and thereby change the colors and sound associated with a picture, and compose musical scores by touching a series of images. CHI participants will be able to share their own content and their emotional reaction to other images throughout the conference. If CHI attendees share feedback about presentations through this system, an affective map of the conference may emerge.
Malformaciones arteriovenosas cerebrales: evolución natural e indicaciones de tratamiento Artículo de revisión (2009)

Recently there has been a renewal in the medical community around the world towards brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Part of this is due to the appearance of recent publications challenging its etiology, universally accepted as congenital This made us notice how limited is our understanding about the development, evolution and behavior of these lesions. Endovascular neurosurgery for these lesions has been added as a new treatment option in the last decades, and it has made us understand that the treatment of these lesions is multidisciplinary. Finally, the wide distribution of the non-invasive imagining studies has allowed us to have a population of patients who were not studied in an isolated form in previous clinical studies: the unruptured and/or incidental AVMs. Increasing controversy exists on the management and treatment of these patients. In this paper we review the basic concepts of AVMs and compare them with recent publications including the ongoing study ARUBA (A Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial of Unruptured Brain AVMs). We also discuss different treatment modalities and our approach in the management of patients with these lesions.
Combined Phosphoepitope Specific Flow Cytometry and MHC-Multimer Staining - A New Tool to Monitor Antigen-Specific Signaling in CMV-Specific T-Cells. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 4737 Flow cytometry has become a routine method in both clinical and basic immunological research. Its ability to differentiate between distinct populations of cells by surface staining of various parameters is a main advantage since we have the possibility to identify antigen-specific T-cells by flow cytometry through the development of soluble multimeric peptide–MHC complexes. Nevertheless, surface staining does not provide information about the functionality of the analyzed cell populations. Hence, further methods have been described to define cells by detection of intracellular epitopes. These assays include the intracellular staining of distinct cytokines or phosporylated signaling molecules (Phosflow). MHC-multimer approaches combined with intracellular cytokine staining are routinely used, whereas the detection of intracellular p-kinases under MHC-multimer staining applying the Phosflow-protocols has not been realized so far. The use of phosphoepitope analysis in antigen-specific T-cells is of high interest in infections or especially during immunosuppressive drug treatment. Therefore, we aimed to establish a dual multimer-phospho-staining protocol to provide a method to get insight into the biochemical signaling processes in antigen-specific T-cells. We chose CTL responses against CMV as model system due to well established epitopes and high frequency in healthy donors. The original Phosflow-protocols did not turn out to be suitable for a combination with MHC-multimer staining. The very harsh fixation and permeabilization procedures largely or completely abrogated the antigen-specific staining. We have been able to stain both the CMV-specific T-cell-receptor and phosphorylated kinases following polyclonal stimuli (e.g. PMA, IL-2 etc.) using different protocols for some p-kinases (ERK, STAT5, NfKB, p38). These protocols allow a combination of specific T-cell-receptor staining with that of intranuclear phosphoepitopes after polyclonal stimulation. In preliminary experiments, we have also been able to show a specific phosphorylation of the ERK molecule after stimulation with CMV-specific artificial antigen-presenting cells or antibody-coated plates. As mentioned above, the use of phosphoepitope analysis in antigen-specific T-cells may offer the possibility to correlate immunological anergy with distinct signaling processes in defined clinical situations, e.g. in immunosuppressed patients post alloSCT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
G1501-2-1 Study of Stable Walk for Humanoid Robot with Environmental Information Using Structured Vectors (2009)

The purpose of this study is to realize a stable walk of biped humanoid robot with the vector processing environment information. In order to accomplish a prevention of falling down accident, the relation of environmental information which is extracted from the both side of road or pavement may be constructed with the vector date and the robot enables to recognize the suitable position. The state of falling down of human must be produced the unusual signal from gyro sensor as well as environmental information. We evaluate the experimental on line results between the signal of gyro sensor and the entreated environmental information.