gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of herpesvirus DNA in the large intestine of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease using the nested polymerase chain reaction (1992)

The prevalence of herpesvirus DNA was examined in inflammatory bowel disease tissue. DNA was extracted from resection and biopsy specimens of the large intestine from patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 21), patients with Crohn's disease (n = 29), and patients with noninflammatory bowel disease (controls) (n = 21). The nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect viral DNA using primer pairs specific for either cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), varicella zoster virus (VZV), or Epstein Barr virus (EBV). HSV1 and VZV DNA were not detected in any of tissue samples. There was a high prevalence of CMV (81%), HHV6 (76%), and EBV (76%) DNA in ulcerative colitis tissue compared to Crohn's disease tissues (CMV 66%, HHV6 45%, EBV 55%). Control tissue had a relatively low frequency of CMV (29%) and EBV (19%) DNA but a prevalence of HHV6 DNA similar to that of ulcerative colitis (86%). However, the simultaneous presence of HHV6 and CMV and/or EBV DNA in ulcerative colitis tissue (76%) was much greater than in either Crohn's disease tissues (38%) or control tissue (29%) (P < 0.05). There was a low prevalence of CMV, HHV6, and EBV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all patient groups. CMV and EBV are capable of reactivating HHV6: the high prevalence of coexistent HHV6 infection with either or both of these two viruses in ulcerative colitis tissue suggests that they may play a synergistic role in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Influence of Aminooxyacetic Acid, a -Aminobutyrate Transaminase Inhibitor, on Hereditary Spastic Defect in the Mouse. (1962)

Experiments were performed on mice with a hereditary neurological disorder characterized by spasm. Simple tests which were used to assess response to drugs included measurement of righting time after being placed on the back, and evaluation of degree of tremor and extent of flexibility and alertness. When single doses of Dilantin, trimethadione, or aminooxyacetic acid were administered intraperitoneally to the spastic mice, only the latter substance was found to be effective in decreasing the symptoms. Subcutaneously injected aminooxyacetic acid in doses of 5 to 15 μg/g produced marked improvement which was sustained for 12-24 hours or more. In some animals which received repeated injections of the drug there was a depression of motor activity, decreased alertness, and loss in weight. Two-dimensional paper chromatograms of extracts of brains of the spastic mice showed no significant alteration of distribution of ninhydrin-reactive constituents by comparison with normal controls.
Frequency of gallbladder cancer in chile, A high‐risk area (1988)

We report an autopsy study of gallbladder cancer prevalence in Chile, where the risk of this disease is among the highest reported world-wide. In 14,768 autopsy protocols obtained from 3 university hospitals, 45% of women and 20% of men older than 20 years had gallstone disease (the major known risk factor for gallbladder cancer). The prevalence of gallbladder cancer in Chileans was compared to that found in a Swedish-Czechoslovakian autopsy study previously published. These countries were chosen because of their high frequency of gallstone disease. The comparison was performed by using logistic regression models adjusting for possible differences in the age-sex structure or the true incidence of gallstones in both populations. We found that the most important single risk factor for gallbladder cancer in Chile was gallstone disease, with an estimated effect on the logistic scale meaning that the cancer risk for subjects with gallstones is seven times higher than for those without the disease. Second in importance was the risk for sex, women being 2.8 times higher than for men. The estimated difference in the sex composition and the incidence of gallstones resulted in 17.9% higher odds of cancer in Chile than in Sweden and Czechoslovakia. However, this difference was not significant. This study suggests that the major etiologic factors of gallbladder cancer in Chileans, Swedes and Czechoslovakians are primarily related to gallstone disease.
Angioplasty for radiation-induced arterial lesions (1995)

Les lesions arterielles (stenose, occlusion, anevrisme) survenant a distance d’une radiotherapie locale sont rares et le plus souvent asymptomatiques. Elles peuvent aussi etre responsables d’angor ou d’infarctus du myocarde, d’ischemie d’effort ou permanente de membre, et necessiter un traitement. Leur caractere souvent focal les rend accessibles a un geste d’angioplastie percutanee. Plusieurs cas d’angioplastie de lesions arterielles postradiques ont ete rapportes dans la litterature, avec succes primaire le plus souvent, mais sans suivi a long terme des patients. Notre experience du traitement endovasculaire des lesions arterielles post-radiques est encourageante mais limitee du fait du petit nombre de patients et d’un suivi inferieur a deux ans.
K0Λ Photoproduction Studied with an Electromagnetic Calorimeter FOREST (2017)

with the electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST. The d K 0 p events were detected with the entire range for the K 0 emission angle in the n center-of-mass frame. The measured differential cross sections show flat shapes at the near-threshold region and backward-peaking structures in the higher energy region up to E = 1.15 GeV.
Clear underwater vision (2004)

Underwater imaging is important for scientific research and technology, as well as for popular activities. We present a computer vision approach which easily removes degradation effects in underwater vision. We analyze the physical effects of visibility degradation. We show that the main degradation effects can be associated with partial polarization of light. We therefore present an algorithm which inverts the image formation process, to recover a good visibility image of the object. The algorithm is based on a couple of images taken through a polarizer at different orientations. As a by product, a distance map of the scene is derived as well. We successfully used our approach when experimenting in the sea using a system we built. We obtained great improvement of scene contrast and color correction, and nearly doubled the underwater visibility range.
A beamforming approach to permutation alignment for multichannel frequency-domain blind speech separation (2002)

In this work, we explore important connections between blind source separation (BSS) and ideal beamforming. We first compare the performance of a null-steering beamformer against that of a frequency-domain BSS method in a reverberant environment, drawing some interesting conclusions. We then examine the feasibility of using beamformer concepts to resolve permutation inconsistency across frequency, which degrades the performance of BSS methods in a reverberant environment. We also propose a permutation alignment scheme based on information gathered from the microphone array directivity patterns. This technique is novel in the sense that it works satisfactorily even when the directivity patterns exhibit grating lobes, where, in fact, better separation can be achieved in principle. We perform experiments that support the viability of the proposed method under different operating conditions and microphone spacings.
Gene Expression Profiles and Metabolic Changes in Embryonic Neural Progenitor Cells Under Low Oxygen (2011)

Hypoxia promotes the proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and low oxygen is a useful tool for expansion of NPCs in vitro. To further understand the regulation of the mechanisms involved, we first identified the gene expression profile of NPCs and characterized their metabolic changes in vitro under 3% oxygen. NPCs derived from E13.5 rat mesencephalon were cultured under either normoxia or hypoxia for 24 h and 72 h. Total RNA was subjected to cDNA microarray analysis of 5705 genes. The results showed that approximately 1.24% of gene expression changed under low oxygen at the two time points. Among the 142 differentially expressed genes, the greatest number was involved in glycolysis and metabolism. The metabolic changes of NPCs under low oxygen conditions were also assayed. The glucose content in the conditioned medium incubated in low oxygen decreased significantly; however, the levels of pyruvate and lactic acid increased compared to conditioned medium cultured in normoxia. The NPCs under low oxygen consumed more glucose and produced energy by glycolysis. The information gained from gene expression and metabolic analyses of NPCs under low oxygen conditions will provide new approaches for the evaluation of NPCs as potential in vivo cellular therapeutics.
Impact of Bamlanivimab Monoclonal Antibody Treatment on Hospitalization and Mortality Among Nonhospitalized Adults With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection (2021)

Bamlanivimab monoclonal antibody monotherapy was associated with reduced hospitalizations and mortality within 28 days among outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19.Use of bamlanivimab monotherapy for outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection was associated with reductions in hospitalizations and mortality within 28 days. Benefit was strongest in those age 65 years or older.
Differential methylation of the promoter and first exon of the RASSF1A gene in hepatocarcinogenesis (2014)

Among the three regions analyzed, methylation of P1 is the most specific for HCC and holds great promise as a DNA marker in urine for screening of cirrhosis and HCC.
Peptide-Mediated Electrochemical Steric Hindrance Assay for One-Step Detection of HIV Antibodies (2019)

Diagnosis of infectious disease in patients, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, can be achieved through the detection of specific antibodies produced by the immune system. We have previously shown that macromolecules such as antibodies can be efficiently detected in complex biological samples by sterically inhibiting the hybridization of conjugated complementary DNA strands to electrode-bound DNA strands. Here, we report a peptide-mediated electrochemical steric hindrance hybridization assay, PeSHHA, specially for the detection of antibodies against the gp41 protein of HIV-1. We show that the sensitivity of this PeSHHA can be significantly enhanced using nanostructured electrodes and demonstrate the rapid, one-step detection of HIV-1 antibodies directly in clinical samples.
Transcriptional regulation of the cytochrome b562-o complex in Escherichia coli. Gene expression and molecular characterization of the promoter. (1990)

Transcriptional regulation of the cyo operon coding for a terminal oxidase, the cytochrome b562-o complex, of the aerobic respiratory chain of Escherichia coli was studied using a chromosomal operon fusion technique with the lacZ gene. Expression of the cyo gene was found to be subject to catabolite repression and also to control by the oxygen concentration. Information on the mechanisms of these regulations was obtained by nucleotide sequencing of the regulatory region, which corresponds to the 5'-flanking region of the cyoA gene. A typical promoter sequence and two noteworthy composite structural features, that is, two potential catabolite gene activator protein-binding sites and a region of hyphenated dyad symmetry were found. The transcription start point was identified by primer extension analysis, confirming the promoter site in the nucleotide sequence. The homology search of the nucleotide sequence in the region of hyphenated dyad symmetry showed a conserved nucleotide sequence in six oxygen-regulated genes examined, which suggests that this is the consensus sequence for the regulation by oxygen.
Poly(I:C) promotes neurotoxic amyloid β accumulation through reduced degradation by decreasing neprilysin protein levels in astrocytes (2022)

Inflammation associated with viral infection of the nervous system has been involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) is a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist that mimics the inflammatory response to systemic viral infections. Despite growing recognition of the role of glial cells in AD pathology, their involvement in the accumulation and clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain of patients with AD is poorly understood. Neprilysin (NEP) and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) are the main Aβ-degrading enzymes in the brain. This study investigated whether poly(I:C) regulated Aβ degradation and neurotoxicity by modulating NEP and IDE protein levels through TLR3 in astrocytes. To this aim, primary rat primary astrocyte cultures were treated with poly(I:C) and inhibitors of the TLR3 signaling. Protein levels were assessed by Western blot. Aβ toxicity to primary neurons was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release. Poly(I:C) induced a significant decrease in NEP levels on the membrane of astrocytes as well as in the culture medium. The degradation of exogenous Aβ was markedly delayed in poly(I:C)-treated astrocytes. This delay significantly increased the neurotoxicity of exogenous Aβ1-42. Altogether, these results suggest that viral infections induce Aβ neurotoxicity by decreasing NEP levels in astrocytes and consequently preventing Aβ degradation.
siRNA-mediated suppression of astroglial glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST in infralimbic -but not prelimbic- cortex induces depressive-like behaviors in mice (2016)

Trabajo presentado en la 4ª Edición del Laboratorio de Ideas CIBERSAM, celebrado en Bilbao, España, del 9 al 10 de junio de 2016
Bacteriostatic Activity of BCG/PPD‐Activated Macrophages Against Mycobacterium fortuitum Does Not Involve Reactive Nitrogen or Oxygen Intermediates (1994)

Mycobacteria preferentially reside in resident macrophages whereas activated macrophages are presumed to eliminate the bacteria effectively. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activities of resident and activated murine peritoneal macrophages against Mycobacterium fortuitum and the intracellular mechanisms involved. After phagocytosis M. fortuitum could not be killed by either BCG/PPD-activated and IFN-gamma-activated macrophages and resident macrophages. The mycobacteria did not multiply in BCG/PPD-activated macrophages and the rate of proliferation of M. fortuitum in IFN-gamma-activated macrophages was only slightly inhibited compared to that in resident macrophages. Experiments with selective inhibitors of the production of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) demonstrated that these factors are not essential for the mycobacteriostatic activity of BCG/PPD-activated macrophages. After phagocytosis of M. fortuitum, BCG/PPD-activated and IFN-gamma-activated macrophages produced substantial amounts of both RNI and ROI. No correlation was found between the levels of these intermediates and the proliferation of M. fortuitum in the macrophages. In conclusion, BCG/PPD-activated macrophages are bacteriostatic, but not bacteriocidal for M. fortuitum and the former does not involve reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates.
Measurement of Trace Levels of Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide with a Gold Film Sensor (1989)

The mercury translation principle, wherein S(IV) reacts with Hg(l) to produce Hg(ll) and Hg(O), was utilized to measure trace levels of SO2 with a conductometric gold film sensor. One approach involved impregnated glass fiber filters containing mercurous salts. The second and more successful approach utilized a porous membrane reactor where the reaction occurs in the interstitial liquid-gas interface as the sample gas flows inside and a dilute solution of Hg2(NO3)2 flows outside the porous PTFE membrane tube. The first approach attained a LOD of 200 pptv SO2(g), however, batch to batch reproducibility of the filters was poor and the filters could not be stored more than two days. The membrane reactor method provided better translation efficiency and highly reproducible results, with an LOD of 50 pptv SO2(g). An intercomparlson of this method with an independent method relying on completely different chemistry showed good agreement for the measurement of subppbv levels of ambient SO2. Both mercury translation methods were essentially unaffected by H2S or CH3SH.
Preclinical Evaluation of a Companion Diagnostic Radiopharmaceutical, [18F]PSMA-1007, in a Subcutaneous Prostate Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model (2022)

Several radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted agents have been developed for detecting prostate cancer, using positron emission tomography imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy. Among them, [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007 has several advantages, including a comparatively long half-life, delayed renal excretion, and compatible structure with α-/β-particle emitter-labeled therapeutics. This study aimed to characterize the preclinical pharmacokinetics and internal radiation dosimetry of [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007, as well as its repeatability and specificity for target binding using prostate tumor-bearing mice. In PSMA-positive tumor-bearing mice, the kidney showed the greatest accumulation of [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007. The distribution in the tumor attained its peak concentration of 2.8%ID/g at 112 min after intravenous injection. The absorbed doses in the tumor and salivary glands were 0.079 ± 0.010 Gy/MBq and 0.036 ± 0.006 Gy/MBq, respectively. The variance of the net influx (<i>K</i><sub><i>i</i></sub>) of [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007 to the tumor was minimal between scans performed in the same animals (within-subject coefficient of variation = 7.57%). [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007 uptake in the tumor was specifically decreased by 32% in <i>K</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> after treatment with a PSMA inhibitor 2-(phosphonomethyl)-pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA). In the present study, we investigated the <i>in vivo</i> preclinical characteristics of [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007. Our data from [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007 PET/computed tomography (CT) studies in a subcutaneous prostate cancer xenograft mouse model supports clinical therapeutic strategies that use paired therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (such as [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-617), especially strategies with a quantitative radiation dose estimate for target lesions while minimizing radiation-induced toxicity to off-target tissues.
Conception et validation de nanoparticules multimodales pour l’imagerie des cancers de la prostate (2018)

International audience
Architecture, Mapping Algorithms and Physical Design of Mesh-of-Functional-Units FPGA Overlays for Pipelined Execution of Data Flow Graphs (2017)

FPGAs can deliver high performance but their programmability wall hinders widespread use: they require hardware expertise and their CAD tools have long compile times. We tackle this challenge by exploring overlays: pre-compiled FPGA circuits that are themselves programmable via software-familiar models without FPGA CAD tools. \nWe propose a high-performance mesh-of-functional-units overlay architecture that projects a model of pipelined execution of data flow graphs (DFGs). It consists of cells, each containing a functional unit (FU) and routing logic, with elastic pipelines and FIFOs in every routing hop. The architecture realizes latency insensitive data-driven execution, facilitates high Fmax and scales to large mesh sizes. \nWe design a DFG-to-overlay mapping algorithm that places, routes, and balances DFGs on the overlay for high throughput. We also propose a bottom-up CAD flow based on partitioning and floorplanning of an overlay into tiles. The flow maintains high Fmax for large overlays and enables parallel compilation and quick stitching of tiles from a pre-compiled library. \nWe prototype two overlays on a Stratix IV FPGA that has 212K ALMs: a 355 MHz 24x16 integer overlay and a 312 MHz 18x16 floating-point overlay. We map 16 DFGs and show that the two overlays deliver throughput of up to 37 GOPS and 22 GFLOPS, respectively. The DFG mapping is fast, taking less than 7 seconds. The tile-based bottom-up flow achieves 37% higher Fmax than the flat flow (the default CAD flow), with only 8% more resources. Compared to the flat flow, which compiles an overlay in 4 hours, the bottom-up flow stitches together an overlay from pre-compiled tiles in 35 minutes and can compile one from scratch in one hour, if tiles are compiled in parallel. \nThe resource overhead of implementing the DFGs on the floating-point and integer overlays as opposed to compiling them directly to the FPGA averages to 4x and 9x, respectively. The compile time across the DFGs is reduced by 1500x.\nOur work demonstrates the feasibility of designing high-performance overlays that project a software-familiar programming model, scale with increasing FPGA resources and provide a considerable reduction in compile time. These benefits come with a modest resource overhead.
INVESTIGATION OF POST MICTURITION DRIBBLE IN PATIENTS AFTER TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE (2010)

PMD occurred in half or more of the patients with urinary incontinence after TURP.
New preparation method for mesoporous γ-alumina by selective leaching of calcined kaolin minerals (1995)

Mesoporous γ-alumina with uniform pore size has been prepared by selective leaching of silica from calcined kaolin minerals, 2SiO2·Al2O3·nH2O. A microtexture of very fine spine)-phase grains, consisting of γ-alumina containing several wt.% of silica, precipitating within an amorphous silica matrix, was obtained by calcining kaolin minerals at around 950 °C. Porous γ-alumina was prepared by selectively dissolving the amorphous silica in KOH solution at temperatures of 25–90 °C. The γ-alumina obtained from kaolinite showed a very narrow unimodal pore size distribution at a radius of around 2-3 nm. The specific surface area was around 270 m2 g–1 and the total pore volume was 0.84 ml g–1. On the other hand, the γ-alumina obtained from tubular halloysite showed a bimodal pore size distribution at radii of around 2–3 nm and 10–20 nm. The specific surface area was ca. 320 m2 g–1 and the total pore volume was 0.69 ml g–1
Study on the use of ejectors for capacity modulation and performance improvement in CO2 commercial refrigeration systems. (2015)

Expansion work recovery by means of a two-phase ejector is an attractive option for improving the efficiency of CO2 commercial refrigeration systems. However, the use of ejectors in a system subject to varying ambient conditions and capacity requirements presents a significant challenge, as ejectors have been seen to offer poor performance at off-design conditions. In order for ejector systems to be a realistic option for efficiency improvement, they must be able to operate efficiently at off-design and reduced capacity conditions. In this paper, existing CO2 ejector data from the open literature is analyzed in order to see the impact on ejector component and system performance for operating an ejector cycle at off-design conditions, and different methods for addressing the issue of off-design and reduced capacity operation of ejector cycles are discussed. A theoretical model is used to investigate the performance of different CO2 commercial refrigeration cycle configurations with two-phase ejectors.
Exploring regular fabrics to optimize the performance-cost trade-off (2003)

While advances in semiconductor technologies have pushed achievable scale and performance to phenomenal limits for ICs, nanoscale physical realities dictate IC production based on what we can afford. We believe that IC design and manufacturing can be made more affordable, and reliable, by removing some design and implementation flexibility and enforcing new forms of design regularity. This paper discusses some of the trade-offs to consider for determination of how much regularity a particular IC or application can afford. A Via Patterned Gate Array is proposed as one such example that trades performance for cost by way of new forms of design regularity.