gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
104. Pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of FP-CIT (1996)

Costa, D. C.; Walker, S.; Waddington, W.; Gacinovic, S.; Janssen, A. G.M.; Booij, J.; Van Royen, E. A.; Katona, C. L.E. Author Information
Multiple differential detection with adaptive sequence estimation (MDD‐ASE)–‐mobile radio transmission performance in frequency selective fading environment (1994)

Abstract This paper aims at the improvement of the transmission performance of the differential detection system in the mobile radio transmission channel in a frequency selective environment. The multiple differential detection with adaptive sequence estimation (MDD‐ASE) is proposed, and the performance is analyzed by a computer simulation. In MDD‐ASE, not only the differential detection by one‐symbol delay but also the differential detection by two‐ or more‐symbol delays are applied. The soft decision is applied to the output of the multiple differential detection, and the symbol sequence is estimated by Viterbi algorithm (VA). The bit error rate (BER) performance is improved by the extended observation time by the multiple differential detection and the sequence estimation. The number of states in VA and the processing complexity of the adaptive algorithm increases exponentially with the extension of the observation time. Consequently, the following method is proposed: (i) the number of parameters to be estimated is reduced; and (ii) the sequence candidates stored in each path of VA are fed back. In this paper, the configuration and operation of MDD‐ASE are described first and then the transmission performance of the 40 kbit/s QPSK modulation system is presented. As a result of analysis for the static and the dynamic performances of ADD‐MSE using one‐ and two‐symbol differential detection, it is shown that the improvement effect is almost the same as in coherent detection DFE.
Metaproteome du microbiote intestinal humain. (2006)

International audience
SBS Phase Conjugation for Diffraction Limited Laser Beams (1996)

Solid-state lasers for high average output power suffer from thermal lensing. stress birefringence and other phase distortions which reduce the beam quality significantly 1 . Using phase conjugation based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) the beam parameter product of conventional laser systems can be decreased down to the diffraction limit. SBS cannot compensate stress birefringence and therefore different compensation schemes for Nd:YAG were developed 2,3 resulting in complex setups. Therefore in contrast to multi-amplifier YAG systems with SBS 4,5 we use Nd:YALO as active material to avoid the depolarization effect resulting in simple optical arrangements.
Integrated RF transmitter based on SAW oscillator (1997)

For the use in small, low power and low cost RF transmitters an oscillator ASIC in 1.2 m BICMOS technology operating at 433 MHz has been built. The ring oscillator topology with a phase shifter in the feedback loop provides as a novel feature also FM modulation. Integration of the oscillator ASIC together with the SAW resonator in a single package allows single device operation with very few external components.
A review of the charge simulation method and its applications (1989)

The author provides a comprehensive review of the basic charge simulation method and its various modified versions reported in the literature. Applications of the charge simulation method, alone as well as in combination with other methods, are considered. Different aspects of this method are critically examined and its potentials and limitations are identified. Possible areas of future research are outlined in order to improve the overall effectiveness of computer-aided analysis and design of high-voltage insulation devices by using the charge simulation method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CH···O and CH···N Hydrogen Bonds in Ligand Design:  A Novel Quinazolin-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamine Protein Kinase Inhibitor (2005)

Aryl CH hydrogen bonds play an important role in the binding of several analogues of a pyrazol-3-ylquinazolin-4-ylamine inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). Understanding the importance of these CH...O and CH...N hydrogen bonds allowed the design of a novel quinazolin-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamine inhibitor of GSK3 with a structurally confirmed CH...O hydrogen bond to the protein.
Three-dimensional radial junction solar cell based on ordered silicon nanowires (2019)

Highly ordered silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were fabricated by nanoimprint lithography and Bosch etching methods. A polycrystalline silicon shell was grown to form a radial p-n junction. To enhance its anti-reflection properties and conductivity, a thin ITO layer was deposited on the SiNWs solar cell, then a micro-grid electrode was introduced to minimize the metal areas to maximize carrier collection. Finally, shorter nanowires were used to reduce surface recombination and achieve an efficiency of 10.5%. This work is expected to show some possible techniques to improve the performance of silicon nanostructure solar cell.
Acute pancreatitis in hepatitis A infection (1986)

Hepatitis viruses are an uncommon cause of acute pancreatitis. We present the case of a boy with acute pancreatitis complicating viral hepatitis with satisfactory recovery. The finding of IgM-anti HAV antibodies implicates hepatitis A virus as the cause.
Improved Models of Human Endometrial Organoids Based on Hydrogels from Decellularized Endometrium (2021)

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tissue models that mimic their corresponding in vivo tissue. Successful efforts have derived organoids from primary tissues such as intestine, liver, and pancreas. For human uterine endometrium, the recent generation of 3D structures from primary endometrial cells is inspiring new studies of this important tissue using precise preclinical models. To improve on these 3D models, we decellularized pig endometrium containing tissue-specific extracellular matrix and generated a hydrogel (EndoECM). Next, we derived three lines of human endometrial organoids and cultured them in optimal and suboptimal culture expansion media with or without EndoECM (0.01 mg/mL) as a soluble additive. We characterized the resultant organoids to verify their epithelial origin, long-term chromosomal stability, and stemness properties. Lastly, we determined their proliferation potential under different culture conditions using proliferation rates and immunohistochemical methods. Our results demonstrate the importance of a bioactive environment for the maintenance and proliferation of human endometrial organoids.
Musings on intrinsic cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity and myocardial regeneration (2023)

Although the myocardial renewal rate in the adult mammalian heart is quite low, recent studies have identified genetic variants which can impact the degree of cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry. Here we use the compound interest law to model the level of regenerative growth over time in mice exhibiting different rates of cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry following myocardial injury. The modeling suggests that the limited ability of S-phase adult cardiomyocytes to progress through cytokinesis, rather than the ability to reenter the cell cycle per se, is a major contributor to the low levels of intrinsic regenerative growth in the adult myocardium.
Implicit Geometric Regularization for Learning Shapes (2020)

Representing shapes as level sets of neural networks has been recently proved to be useful for different shape analysis and reconstruction tasks. So far, such representations were computed using either: (i) pre-computed implicit shape representations; or (ii) loss functions explicitly defined over the neural level sets. In this paper we offer a new paradigm for computing high fidelity implicit neural representations directly from raw data (i.e., point clouds, with or without normal information). We observe that a rather simple loss function, encouraging the neural network to vanish on the input point cloud and to have a unit norm gradient, possesses an implicit geometric regularization property that favors smooth and natural zero level set surfaces, avoiding bad zero-loss solutions. We provide a theoretical analysis of this property for the linear case, and show that, in practice, our method leads to state of the art implicit neural representations with higher level-of-details and fidelity compared to previous methods.
Th1 and Th17 cells are critical for limiting the severity of Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection (2022)

Abstract A craniotomy is performed to access the brain for tumor resection, localization and resection of epileptogenic foci, and aneurysm clipping. Despite prophylaxis, infectious complications after craniotomy range from 1–3%, with approximately half caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which forms a biofilm on the bone flap that is recalcitrant to antibiotics. Using our novel mouse model of S. aureus craniotomy infection, Th1 and Th17 infiltrates were found to preferentially home to the brain but not the subcutaneous galea; however, their functional importance is unknown. RAG1 knockout (KO) mice displayed significant increases in bacterial burden in the brain, galea, and bone flap at days 3, 7, and 14 post-infection, which was negated following the adoptive transfer of either in vitro skewed Th1 or Th17 cells. Interestingly, in vitro skewed Th17 cells acquired Th1 characteristics upon migrating into the brain in vivo as revealed by the production of Th1-associated cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α with minimal IL-17A. We established that the window of T cell protection was during acute infection, since delaying Th1 or Th17 adoptive transfer until day 7 post-infection was no longer able to attenuate S. aureus burden in RAG1 KO mice compared to T cell transfers at day −1 or 3 after infection that were effective. In vitro studies established that both Th1 and Th17 cells augmented microglial, macrophage, and neutrophil S. aureus bactericidal activity and IL-12p70 and CXCL10 production. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of an early adaptive immune response for bacterial containment during S. aureus craniotomy infection by promoting the antimicrobial activity of infiltrating leukocytes and resident microglia.
Sound reinforcement by wavefield synthesis : Adaptation of the synthesis operator to the loudspeaker directivity characteristics (1996)

Wavefield synthesis is a concept that enables the generation of sound fields with natural properties in time and space. The concept is applied to the reinforcement of direct sound. Wavefield synthesis is based on Rayleigh's representation theorem. In their original form, the discretized Rayleigh integrals prescribe the use of planar arrays of monopole- or dipole-type loudspeakers. It is shown that the theoretical synthesis operator can be modified such that a linear array of loudspeakers with arbitrary directivity characteristics can be used to generate a reinforced wavefield with natural properties in time and space. Since the derivation of the synthesis operator is based on array theory, defective characteristics of individual array loudspeakers cannot, or only in part, be corrected for by adapting the driving signal for these loudspeakers.
Fluid Lensing and Applications to Remote Sensing of Aquatic Environments (2017)

The use of fluid lensing technology on UAVs is presented as a novel means for 3D imaging of aquatic ecosystems from above the water's surface at the centimeter scale. Preliminary results are presented from airborne fluid lensing campaigns conducted over the coral reefs of Ofu Island, American Samoa (2013) and the stromatolite reefs of Shark Bay, Western Australia (2014), covering a combined area of 15km2. These reef ecosystems were revealed with centimetre-scale 2D resolution, and an accompanying 3D bathymetry model was derived using fluid lensing, Structure from Motion and UAV position data. Data products were validated from in-situ survey methods including underwater calibration targets, depth measurements and millimetre-scale high-dynamic range gigapixel photogrammetry. Fluid lensing is an experimental technology that uses water transmitting wavelengths to passively image underwater objects at high-resolution by exploiting time-varying optical lensing events caused by surface waves. Fluid lensing data are captured from low-altitude, cost-effective electric UAVs to achieve multispectral imagery and bathymetry models at the centimetre scale over regional areas. As a passive system, fluid lensing is presently limited by signal-to-noise ratio and water column inherent optical properties to approximately 10 m depth over visible wavelengths in clear waters. The datasets derived from fluid lensing present the first centimetre-scale images of a reef acquired from above the ocean surface, without wave distortion. The 3D multispectral data distinguish coral, fish and invertebrates in American Samoa, and reveal previously undocumented, morphologically distinct, stromatolite structures in Shark Bay. These findings suggest fluid lensing and multirotor electric drones represent a promising advance in the remote sensing of aquatic environments at the centimetre scale, or 'reef scale' relevant to the conservation of reef ecosystems. Pending further development and validation of fluid lensing methods, these technologies present a solution for large-scale 3D surveys of shallow aquatic habitats with centimetre-scale spatial resolution and hourly temporal sampling.
Pluripotential Reprogramming of the Somatic Genome in Hybrid Cells Occurs with the First Cell Cycle (2007)

Abstract The fusion of pluripotent embryonic cells with somatic cells results in reprogramming of the somatic cell genome. Oct4-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenes that do not contain the proximal enhancer (PE) region are widely used to visualize reprogramming of the somatic to the pluripotent cell state. The temporal onset of Oct4-GFP activation has been found to occur 40–48 hours postfusion. We asked whether activation of the transgene actually reflects activation of the endogenous Oct4 gene. In the current study, we show that activation of an Oct4-GFP transgene that contains the PE region occurs within 22 hours of fusion. In addition, demethylation of the Oct4-GFP transgene and that of the endogenous Oct4 and Nanog genes was found to occur within 24 hours of fusion. As this timing corresponds with the timing of cell cycle completion in embryonic stem cells and fusion hybrids (∼22 hours), we postulate that pluripotential reprogramming of the somatic cell genome begins during the first cell cycle after the fusion of a somatic cell with a pluripotent cell and has been completed by day 2 postfusion. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Effect of Thermal Stress on Orientation Control of CSD ‐Derived Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 Thin Films (2011)

Electrical properties of Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 ( PZT ) thin films are significantly affected by the film orientation. Especially c ‐axis‐oriented PZT thin films exhibit higher electrical properties. However, perfect orientation control to c ‐axis is very difficult, especially for the case of chemical solution deposition ( CSD ). Therefore, we tried to make clear the factors that affect the film orientation of the CSD ‐derived PZT thin films, by applying the thermal stress. We used stainless steel ( SS ) substrates with higher thermal expansion coefficients and the CSD ‐derived LNO seeding layer, which showed good lattice matching with c ‐plane of PZT and similar thermal expansion coefficient to the SS substrates, to apply the thermal compressive stress to the PZT thin film during cooling. As a result, we successfully deposited the selectively c ‐axis‐oriented PZT thin film with higher remanent polarization, P r , over 30 μC/cm 2 and good squareness of the hysteresis loop. These results elucidate that the thermal compressive stress by the constraint force from substrate is very effective not only for the orientation contol of the resulting PZT thin films but also to improve the electrical properties of the PZT thin films. This strategy is essential to obtain the ferroelectric thin films with excellent electrical properties.
Effects of Interferon on Antibody Synthesis in Vitro (1974)

Abstract Mouse interferon preparations inhibited the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in spleen cell cultures. The effect was seen when the cultures were pretreated with interferon for 6 hr, or when interferon was added up to 40 hr after addition of SRBC. The factor responsible for this inhibition could not be dissociated from the antiviral activity of interferon by standard physicochemical means. The application of a mosaic cell culture system suggested that the inhibitory effect of interferon was due to an action on B cells. Interferon treatment of T cells and macrophages did not affect their normal function as helper cells in this system. To our knowledge, these findings constitute the first example of an effect of interferon on B lymphocytes. In addition, it was found that in “low-responder” composite cultures, pretreatment of the B cell population with low amounts of interferon led to a considerable enhancement of the antibody response, whereas higher concentrations of interferon gave a similar degree of inhibition as that found for “high-responder” cultures. Late addition of mouse interferon preparations to SRBC-stimulated spleen-cell cultures augmented the number of plaque-forming cells (PFC). This effect was most pronounced when interferon was added only 4 hr before the plaques were counted on day 4. This increase was followed on day 5 by a decrease in the number of PFC compared with that of control cultures.
Bulk Crystal Growth, First-Principles Calculation, and Optical Properties of Pure and Er3+-Doped SrLaGa3O7 Single Crystals (2016)

High-quality bulk single crystals of pure and Er3+-doped SrLaGa3O7 (SLGO) were grown successfully by the Czochralski method. The crystal structure of SLGO was demonstrated. The theoretical calculations based on density functional theory methods were carried out on the SLGO crystal. Its band structure and density of state were presented. The absorption, up-conversion, near-infrared and mid-infrared fluorescence spectra, as well as the fluorescence decay curves of Er: 4I13/2 and 4I11/2 levels of the Er:SLGO crystal were measured at room temperature. The spectroscopic properties including the absorption and emission cross sections as well as the fluorescence lifetimes were revealed. It is concluded that the Er:SLGO crystal is a promising candidate material for achievement of a mid-infrared laser.
Scanpath modeling and classification with hidden Markov models (2017)

How people look at visual information reveals fundamental information about them; their interests and their states of mind. Previous studies showed that scanpath, i.e., the sequence of eye movements made by an observer exploring a visual stimulus, can be used to infer observer-related (e.g., task at hand) and stimuli-related (e.g., image semantic category) information. However, eye movements are complex signals and many of these studies rely on limited gaze descriptors and bespoke datasets. Here, we provide a turnkey method for scanpath modeling and classification. This method relies on variational hidden Markov models (HMMs) and discriminant analysis (DA). HMMs encapsulate the dynamic and individualistic dimensions of gaze behavior, allowing DA to capture systematic patterns diagnostic of a given class of observers and/or stimuli. We test our approach on two very different datasets. Firstly, we use fixations recorded while viewing 800 static natural scene images, and infer an observer-related characteristic: the task at hand. We achieve an average of 55.9% correct classification rate (chance = 33%). We show that correct classification rates positively correlate with the number of salient regions present in the stimuli. Secondly, we use eye positions recorded while viewing 15 conversational videos, and infer a stimulus-related characteristic: the presence or absence of original soundtrack. We achieve an average 81.2% correct classification rate (chance = 50%). HMMs allow to integrate bottom-up, top-down, and oculomotor influences into a single model of gaze behavior. This synergistic approach between behavior and machine learning will open new avenues for simple quantification of gazing behavior. We release SMAC with HMM, a Matlab toolbox freely available to the community under an open-source license agreement.
DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF SOYBEAN KUNITZ TRYPSIN INHIBITOR REDUCES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED LETHALITY IN MOUSE MODEL (2005)

We examined the modifying effects of a Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and a Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBI), purified from soybean, as intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and dietary supplements on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lethality in mice. We initially examined the suppressing effects of i.p. injection of KTI (50 mg/kg) and BBI (50 mg/kg) on LPS-induced lethality after i.p. injection of LPS. Furthermore, groups of female C57BL/6 were fed a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with KTI (50 g/kg) or BBI (50 g/kg). Here, we show that i.p. and daily oral administration of KTI, but not BBI, caused a significant reduction of the LPS-induced lethality; that LPS significantly induced plasma TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 levels in mice after LPS challenge; that concomitant administration of KTI, but not BBI, inhibits the LPS-induced plasma levels of these cytokines; and that KTI, but not BBI, suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of cytokine expression through suppression of phosphorylation of three mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways, ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, in peritoneal macrophages. These data allow us to speculate that i.p. injection and dietary supplementation of a soybean KTI may play a role as a potent anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting activation of MAP kinases, leading to the suppression of cytokine expression.
Local dynamics of laser cooling in an optical lattice (1997)

Using the basis of Wannier states, we study the local dynamics of polarization gradient cooling for an atom driven on a ${J}_{g}=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{J}_{e}=3$ transition by a one-dimensional optical lattice. This analysis allows us to formulate a physical picture of the cooling mechanism, analogous to Sisyphus cooling for a ${J}_{g}=1/2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{J}_{e}=3/2$ atom, which depends strongly on coherences in the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state. In addition, we are able to explain the steady-state properties of the laser-cooled atoms in a regime where the standard semiclassical analysis breaks down.
Case workflow and interaction studies of a tele-consultation system for rare dermatology diseases (2011)

We established an expert advisory system utilizing store and forward teledermatology to allow communication and consultation between physicians with expertise in the rare inherited skin disease Ichthyosis and physicians caring for afflicted patients. We analyzed experts' behavior and involvement in case consultation by calculating key variables, accessing comment structures and quality, and applying concepts from the field of social networking. Preliminary findings suggest that a user-oriented tele-consultation system for dermatology benefits from active participation, detailed case description, sufficient images and good leadership of case moderators.