gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Late Primary Graft Dysfunction After Lung Transplantation and Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (2008)

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a common early complication after lung transplantation. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 334 recipients to evaluate the impact of PGD graded at 24, 48 and 72 h on the risk of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) development (stage 1) and progression (stages 2 and 3). We constructed multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to determine the risk of BOS attributable to PGD in the context of other potential risk factors including acute rejection, lymphocytic bronchitis and respiratory viral infections. All grades of PGD at all time points were significant risk factors for BOS development and progression independent of acute rejection, lymphocytic bronchitis and respiratory viral infections. Specifically, PGD grade 1 at T24 was associated with a relative risk of BOS stage 1 of 1.93, grade 2 with a relative risk of 2.29 and grade 3 with a relative risk of 3.31. Furthermore, this direct relationship between the severity of PGD and the risk of BOS persisted at all time points. We conclude that all grades of PGD at all time points are independent risk factors for BOS development and progression. Future strategies that might attenuate the severity of PGD may mitigate the risk of BOS.
Locally Resonant Granular Chain (2014)

We report the design and testing of a tunable and nonlinear mechanical metamaterial, called locally resonant granular chain. It consists of a one-dimensional array of hollow spherical particles in contact, containing local resonators. The resonant particles are made of an aluminium outer spherical shell and a steel inner mass connected by a polymeric plastic structure acting as a spring. We characterize the linear spectra of the individual particles and of one-dimensional arrays of particles using theory, numerical analysis, and experiments. A wide band gap is observed as well as tunability of the dispersive spectrum by changing the applied static load. Finally, we experimentally explore the nonlinear dynamics of the resonant particles. By using nonlinear acoustical techniques, we reveal a complex, nonclassical nonlinear dynamics.
Conceptual Thermo-Fluid Dynamic Design of the Cooled Supercritical CO2 Turbine for the Allam Cycle (2020)

This paper documents the conceptual design and performance assessment of the cooled turbine of the Allam cycle. A conceptual fluid-dynamic design model is combined with a blade cooling model capable of dealing with unconventional fluids and implementing several cooling technologies. Preliminary results for a 600 MW turbine with 6 stages indicate that 5 stages need to be cooled and the film cooling effectiveness is severely limited by the high Reynolds number of the main stream.
Direct quantum communication with almost invisible photons (2014)

We propose a protocol for direct quantum communication between two parties (Alice and Bob) which is achieved by controlling the phase of the signal photon. Without imperfection and noise, Alice's two detectors always click with unit probability according to Bob's different decisions. The probability of detecting a photon in the transmission channel can be controlled and can be made arbitrarily small by increasing the resources.
Effect of respiratory rate on the relationships between RR interval and systolic blood pressure fluctuations: a frequency-dependent phenomenon (1998)

The effect of breath rate on the relationship between heart rate and systolic pressure variabilities is a frequency-dependent phenomenon that is also independent of the sympathetic drive.
Identification and properties of a novel type of Na+‐permeable amiloride‐sensitive channel in thyroid cells (1989)

Amiloride-sensitive cationic channels are present in the apical membrane of porcine thyroid cells in primary culture. An amiloride-sensitive (K0.5 = 150 +/- 28 nM where K0.5 is the concentration of unlabelled ligand which reduces the specific binding of the same labelled ligand by 50%) 22Na+-flux component (Km for Na+ at 18 mM) has been identified which was also blocked by the potent amiloride derivative phenamil (K0.5 = 47 +/- 21 nM). The most potent inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchange, ethylisopropyl-amiloride, hardly inhibited this 22Na+-influx component at a concentration of 21 microM. Amiloride binding sites were characterized using [3H]phenamil. The tritiated ligand binds to a single family of binding sites in thyroid membranes with a Kd value of 50 +/- 10 nM and a maximal binding capacity of 5 +/- 1 pmol/mg protein. Patch-clamp experiments have directly demonstrated the existence of a phenamil- and amiloride-sensitive cationic channel, with a conductance of 2.6 pS, which is permeable to sodium, but not very selective (PNa+/PK+ = 1.2). This channel is an important element in the regulation of the resting membrane potential of thyroid cells.
Introduction of Entropy via the Boltzmann Distribution in Undergraduate Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (2004)

Several problems that hinder optimal communication with students in the conventional introduction to thermodynamics are identified. Even though students from their first course focus on chemistry as a molecular science, most texts in physical chemistry begin with the phenomenological Clausius formulation, thereby emphasizing its macroscopic aspect; the others concentrate on so-called "positional" entropy thus decoupling it from the entropy of heat exchange. The suggested approach uses simple examples based on the Boltzmann distribution to introduce the concept of entropy consistently on a molecular basis by emphasizing energy distribution among the accessible microstates but bypassing the complexities of statistics. Thereby, a connection between the increase of entropy on expansion as well as on heating can be shown. A clear illustration is provided for the basic tenet of the second law, the spontaneous transfer of thermal energy from hot to cold bodies.
Image quality and localization accuracy in C‐arm tomosynthesis‐guided head and neck surgery (2007)

The image quality and localization accuracy for C-arm tomosynthesis and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) guidance of head and neck surgery were investigated. A continuum in image acquisition was explored, ranging from a single exposure (radiograph) to multiple projections acquired over a limited arc (tomosynthesis) to a full semicircular trajectory (CBCT). Experiments were performed using a prototype mobile C-arm modified to perform 3D image acquisition (a modified Siemens PowerMobil). The tradeoffs in image quality associated with the extent of the source-detector arc (theta(tot)), the number of projection views, and the total imaging dose were evaluated in phantom and cadaver studies. Surgical localization performance was evaluated using three cadaver heads imaged as a function of theta(tot). Six localization tasks were considered, ranging from high-contrast feature identification (e.g., tip of a K-wire pointer) to more challenging soft-tissue delineation (e.g., junction of the hard and soft palate). Five head and neck surgeons and one radiologist participated as observers. For each localization task, the 3D coordinates of landmarks pinpointed by each observer were analyzed as a function of theta(tot). For all tomosynthesis angles, image quality was highest in the coronal plane, whereas sagittal and axial planes exhibited a substantial decrease in spatial resolution associated with out-of-plane blur and distortion. Tasks involving complex, lower-contrast features demonstrated steeper degradation with smaller tomosynthetic arc. Localization accuracy in the coronal plane was correspondingly high, maintained to < 3 mm down to theta(tot) approximately 30 degrees, whereas sagittal and axial localization degraded rapidly below theta(tot) approximately 60 degrees. Similarly, localization precision was better than approximately 1 mm within the coronal plane, compared to approximately 2-3 mm out-of-plane for tomosynthesis angles below theta(tot) approximately 45 degrees. An overall 3D localization accuracy of approximately 2.5 mm was achieved with theta(tot) approximately 90 degrees for most tasks. The high in-plane spatial resolution, short scanning time, and low radiation dose characteristic of tomosynthesis may enable the surgeon to collect near real-time images throughout the procedure with minimal interference to surgical workflow. Therefore, tomosynthesis could provide a useful addition to the image-guided surgery arsenal, providing on-demand, high quality image updates, complemented by CBCT at critical milestones in the surgical procedure.
Working Hypothesis Relative to the Hemodynamics of Menstruation and Pregnancy (1998)

A working hypothesis relative to detailed hemodynamic changes that occur during menstruation and pregnancy theorizes that the marked biophysical similarities existing between the postovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle and the latter half of pregnancy are endocrine based. The data are acquired with apparatus that records cutaneous pressure pulses and the maternal electrocardiogram, which together provide the basis for deriving the determinants of mean arterial pressure.
WEARABLE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM - Case Study of Multiplatform Applications for Medical Use (2011)

Blood pressure measurement methods used nowadays have considerable drawbacks, as non-invasive measure- ments are non-continuous while invasive measurements are confined to in-hospital use. In this paper, we ex- pose our solution of a continuous, non-invasive blood pressure measurement method, using electrocardiogram (ECG) and photopletysmograph (PPG) as a basis of calculation. We present the two applications we designed in order to collect, process, display and monitor the gathered information accurately. A mobile application, using a smartphone connected to a sensor data logging device, is in charge of controlling data acquisition from wearable sensors, displaying general information and signals for real-time monitoring. A desktop application is designed to perform more detailed processing and complex analysis on the recorded data and is therefore aimed at doctors and/or researchers.
The Improvement of Spin-offs from National Nuclear R&D Activities in Korea (1998)

The objectives of this study were to identify the influencing factors and suggest guidelines for improving the technological effectiveness of spin-offs concerning the national nuclear R&D programmes in Korea. In order to find the influencing factors on the technological effectiveness of the spin-off process, this study described the conceptual model which was composed of the technological effectiveness and three-group influencing factors such as donor, recipient and common factors. To validate the conceptual model, data were collected from twelve cases through in-depth interviews and well-prepared questionnaires, and the Spearman's correlation coefficient was employed. Finally, the influencing factors at each stage of the spin-off process were integrated to draw up a schematic framework and evaluate the implications for the improvement of technological effectiveness of spin-offs.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC SOLID DISPERSIONS FOR DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT (2010)

Aceclofenac is a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) having anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. One of the major problems with this drug is its low solubility in biological fluids, which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. Therefore, solid dispersions (SDs) of Aceclofenac were prepared using lactose, mannitol and urea to increase its aqueous solubility. Aceclofenac SDs was prepared in 9:1, 7:3 and 4:1 ratios of the drug to polymer (by weight). In vitro release profiles of all SDs (F-1 to F-9) were comparatively evaluated and also studied against pure Aceclofenac. Faster dissolution was exhibited by solid dispersion containing 9:1 ratio of drug: lactose. The increase in dissolution rate of the drug may be due to increase in wettability, hydrophilic nature of the carrier and due to reduction in drug crystallinity. The prepared solid dispersion was subjected for % practical yield, drug content and infrared (IR) spectroscopic studies. Absence of significant drug-carrier interaction was confirmed by infrared spectroscopic (IR) data.
Theoretical study of radiative and non-radiative decay processes in pyrazine derivatives (2011)

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomenon has attracted much attention in recent years due to its potential applications in optoelectronic devices, fluorescence sensors, and biological probes. Restriction of intramolecular rotation has been proposed as the cause of this unusual phenomenon. Rational design of AIE luminogens requires quantitative descriptions of its mechanism. 2,3-dicyano-5,6-diphenylpyrazine (DCDPP) with "free" phenyl rings is an AIE active compound, whereas 2,3-dicyanopyrazino [5,6-9,10] phenanthrene (DCPP) with "locked" phenyl rings is not. Quantum chemistry calculations coupled with our thermal vibration correlation function formalism for the radiative and non-radiative decay rates reveal that the radiative decay rates for both DCPP and DCDPP are close to each other for all the temperatures, but the non-radiative decay processes are very different. For DCDPP, the low-frequency modes originated from the phenyl ring twisting motions are strongly coupled with the electronic excited state, which dissipate the electronic excitation energy through mode-mixing (Duschinsky rotation effect), and the non-radiative decay rate strongly increases with temperature. For DCPP, however, such mode-mixing effect is weak and the non-radiative decay rate is insensitive to temperature. These findings rationalize the fact that DCDPP is AIE active but DCPP is not, and are instructive to further development of AIE luminogens.
New nonlinear fibers with application to amplifiers (2004)

Highly nonlinear fibers (HNLFs) have been explored as candidates for the media of Raman amplification and optical parametric amplification with broad gain bandwidths. This paper reviews state-of-the-art HNLFs and the application to discrete Raman amplification.
miR-146a Inhibits Cell Growth, Cell Migration and Induces Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (2013)

Aberrant expression of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) has been reported to be involved in the development and progression of various types of cancers. However, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of miR-146a to various aspects of the malignant phenotype of human NSCLCs. In functional experiments, miR-146a suppressed cell growth, induced cellular apoptosis and inhibited EGFR downstream signaling in five NSCLC cell lines (H358, H1650, H1975, HCC827 and H292). miR-146a also inhibited the migratory capacity of these NSCLC cells. On the other hand, miR-146a enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation by drugs targeting EGFR, including both TKIs (gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib) and a monoclonal antibody (cetuximab). These effects were independent of the EGFR mutation status (wild type, sensitizing mutation or resistance mutation), but were less potent compared to the effects of siRNA targeting of EGFR. Our results suggest that these effects of miR-146a are due to its targeting of EGFR and NF-κB signaling. We also found, in clinical formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) lung cancer samples, that low expression of miR-146a was correlated with advanced clinical TNM stages and distant metastasis in NSCLC (P<0.05). The patients with high miR-146a expression in their tumors showed longer progression-free survival (25.6 weeks in miR-146a high patients vs. 4.8 weeks in miR-146a low patients, P<0.05). miR-146a is therefore a strong candidate prognostic biomarker in NSCLC. Thus inducing miR-146a might be a therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
Combining Click Reactions for the One-Pot Synthesis of Modular Biomolecule Mimetics (2019)

Here, we report on the first combined one-pot use of the two so-called "click reactions": the thiol-ene coupling and the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition. These reactions were employed in an alternating and one-pot fashion to combine appropriately functionalized monomeric carbohydrate building blocks to create mimics of trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides as single anomers, with only minimal purification necessary. The deprotected oligosaccharide mimics were found to bind both plant lectins and human galectin-3.
Response to Comment on “Dynamics of Dpp Signaling and Proliferation Control” (2012)

Schwank et al . challenge the temporal growth model with an experiment in which Dpp signal transduction is abrogated. They claim that in this condition, cellular Dpp signaling levels do not increase over time but that cells do grow normally. We repeated this experiment and observed an increase of signaling over time. The results are consistent with a temporal model of growth control.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of A spatio-temporal analysis of matrix protein and nucleocapsid trafficking during vesicular stomatitis virus uncoating. (2010)

To study VSV entry and the fate of incoming matrix (M) protein during virus uncoating we used recombinant viruses encoding M proteins with a C-terminal tetracysteine tag that could be fluorescently labeled using biarsenical (Lumio) compounds. We found that uncoating occurs early in the endocytic pathway and is inhibited by expression of dominant-negative (DN) Rab5, but is not inhibited by DN-Rab7 or DN-Rab11. Uncoating, as defined by the separation of nucleocapsids from M protein, occurred between 15 and 20 minutes post-entry and did not require microtubules or an intact actin cytoskeleton. Unexpectedly, the bulk of M protein remained associated with endosomal membranes after uncoating and was eventually trafficked to recycling endosomes. Another small, but significant fraction of M distributed to nuclear pore complexes, which was also not dependent on microtubules or polymerized actin. Quantification of fluorescence from high-resolution confocal micrographs indicated that after membrane fusion, M protein diffuses across the endosomal membrane with a concomitant increase in fluorescence from the Lumio label which occurred soon after the release of RNPs into the cytoplasm. These data support a new model for VSV uncoating in which RNPs are released from M which remains bound to the endosomal membrane rather than the dissociation of M protein from RNPs after release of the complex into the cytoplasm following membrane fusion. PMID: 20657818 Funding information This work was supported by: NCRR NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: S10 RR13725 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AI22470 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AI022470
Underlying Pathophysiology and Clinical Diagnosis (2010)

Successful restoration of epicardial coronary artery patency after prolonged occlusion might result in microvas-cular obstruction (MVO) and is observed both experimentally as well as clinically. In reperfused myocardium,myocytes appear edematous and swollen from osmotic overload. Endothelial cell changes usually accompanythe alterations seen in myocytes but lag behind myocardial cell injury. Endothelial cells become voluminous,with large intraluminal endothelial protrusions into the vascular lumen, and together with swollen surroundingmyocytes occlude capillaries. The inﬁltration and activation of neutrophils and platelets and the deposition ofﬁbrin also play an important role in reperfusion-induced microvascular damage and obstruction. In addition tothese ischemia-reperfusion-related events, coronary microembolization of atherosclerotic debris after percutane-ous coronary intervention is responsible for a substantial part of clinically observed MVO. Microvascular ﬂow af-ter reperfusion is spatially and temporally complex. Regions of hyperemia, impaired vasodilatory ﬂow reserveand very low ﬂow coexist and these perfusion patterns vary over time as a result of reperfusion injury. The MVOﬁrst appears centrally in the infarct core extending toward the epicardium over time. Accurate detection of MVOis crucial, because it is independently associated with adverse ventricular remodeling and patient prognosis. Sev-eral techniques (coronary angiography, myocardial contrast echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic reso-nance imaging, electrocardiography) measuring slightly different biological and functional parameters are usedclinically and experimentally. Currently there is no consensus as to how and when MVO should be evaluated af-ter acute myocardial infarction. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1649–60) © 2010 by the American College ofCardiology Foundation
Spontaneous Vascular Neoplasms in Aged Sprague-Dawley Rats (1995)

Primary benign and malignant vascular neoplasms occurred spontaneously in 8 of 710 male (1.1%) and 4 of 710 female (0.6%) Crl:CD Br strain Sprague-Dawley rats employed in two 2-yr oncogenicity studies (1,400) and as controls in a 1-yr toxicity study (20). Four of 13 neoplasms were found in the spleen; skin and kidney each had 2 neoplasms. Single vascular neoplasms were in the liver, testicle, uterus, mesenteric lymph node, and vagina. Hemangioma was more common (5 males, 2 females) than hemangiosarcoma (3 males, 2 females). Vascular neoplasms were considered the cause of death in 2 females, both with hemangiosarcomas involving the spleen or kidney. One male had 2 primary hemangiomas in separate organs. Vascular neoplasms are infrequently reported [1/82 females (1.2%), 1961; 9/880 both sexes (1.0%), 1985] in this rat strain. The incidence of vascular neoplasms of this report was higher in males (9) than in females (4), in contrast to incidences reported in the literature.
Mineral binding peptides with enhanced binding stability in serum (2017)

Although calcium phosphate (CaP) binding peptides are used to link orthobiologics to orthopedic biomaterials, their binding stability in physiological environment is still unknown. In this study, we investigate the binding capability of a series of CaP-binding peptides and their binding stability in serum solutions, which are selected to resemble physiological conditions. The findings in this study may be applicable for designing robust orthobiologic delivery systems.
Response to Terlipressin and Albumin Is Associated With Improved Liver Transplant Outcomes in Patients With Hepatorenal Syndrome (2020)

In patients with AKI-HRS, response to terlipressin and albumin reduces the need for RRT after LT and reduces the risk of CKD at 1 year after LT.
Heterogeneous catalysis for the direct synthesis of chemicals by borrowing hydrogen methodology (2014)

This review summarizes the recent examples of hydrogen transfer-type reactions using supported transition metal catalysts with special emphasis on the one-pot synthesis of chemicals by borrowing hydrogen methodology.