gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Progression of Aortic Sclerosis to Aortic Stenosis (2011)

Aortic stenosis is the most frequent valvular heart disease in the western world and its incidence continues to rise. Until recently, aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) was considered to be a normal degenerative process associated with aging. For this reason, the common and well recognized soft, basal ejection murmur of aortic sclerosis was generally regarded by physicians to be of little or no clinical significance. In the last decade, AVS has been the focus of both clinical and animal research. AVS has emerged as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk, and ultimately leads to aortic stenosis in 16% of adults (Stewart et al., 1997; Cosmi et al., 2002). Calcific aortic valve disease ranges from aortic sclerosis, defined as focal, irregular thickening of aortic valve leaflets with no hemodynamically significant derangement (i.e., peak velocity of ≤ 2 m/s and no significant aortic regurgitation), to severe calcification (with impaired leaflet motion and an aortic jet velocity of ≥ 2.5 m/s) referred to as aortic stenosis. The paradigm of aortic stenosis has shifted from being considered a degenerative aging process; it is now recognized as a dynamic inflammatory process with features similar to atherosclerotic plaque. These features include endothelial disruption, focal deposition of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and lipoprotein A, accumulation of macrophages and T lymphocytes, and calcification (Freeman et al., 2004).
Acetylation of Nucleosomal Histones in vitro (1980)

A new histone-specific acetyltransferase, which is closely associated with nucleosomes prepared from lymphocyte nuclei by treatment with micrococcal nuclease, is described. The acetylating enzyme transfers [3H]acetyl groups from [3H]acetyl-coenzyme A to the endogenous histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 in nucleosomes as well as to free histones added to the reaction mixture. Histone H1 is not acetylated by this enzyme. The acetyltransferase was partially purified by DEAE-Sephadex and DNA-cellulose chromatography. The nucleosome-associated enzyme binds to DNA cellulose at low salt concentrations (DNA-binding acetyltransferase), while the previously described histone-specific acetyltransferases have no affinity to DNA under these conditions. This high affinity for DNA may explain the association of DNA-binding acetyltransferase with nucleosomes.
P10.22 Engineering human rhinovirus serotype-a1 as a vaccine vector (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Vaccination is the optimal long-term solution to the human immuno-defficiency virus (HIV) pandemic. A majority of new HIV infections result from mucosal transmission, highlighting the need for novel vaccines that primarily generate mucosal immunity. Like HIV, human rhinovirus serotype-A1 (HRV-A1, the common cold virus) is primarily transmitted via mucosal surfaces. This makes HRV-A1 a potential vector for mucosally targeted vaccines to generate robust protection against HIV at the vaginal and other distant mucosal surfaces, and systemically. <h3>Methods</h3> Using recombinant technology, we inserted discrete overlapping fragments of HIV gag and full-length tat into the junction between genes that encode HRV-A1 structural and non-structural proteins to generate recombinant HRV-A1s (rHRV-A1s) encoding HIV Gag and Tat proteins. <h3>Results</h3> Transfection of H1-HeLa cells with rHRV-A1s transcripts yielded infectious and replication-competent rHRV-A1s with similar growth characteristics as wildtype HRV-A1. We also confirmed that cells infected with rHRV-A1s stably expressed Gag and Tat (beyond 5 passages), of the correct sizes and mainly localised in the cytoplasm as revealed by western blot assay, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. These results have been recently accepted for publication in Virus Research Journal (reference number: VIRUS96578, April 2015). <h3>Conclusion</h3> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time replication-competent and stable HRV-A1 vectors have been generated. The individual rHRV-A1gag/tat generated in this study have been mixed into a cocktail vaccine and administered intranasally to female Balb/C mice to evaluate its immunogenicity (animal experiments currently on-going). The protective efficacy of the resultant HIV-Gag-specific cell-mediated and Tat humoral responses will be documented in mice challenged intravaginally with chimeric rodent ecotropic murine leukaemia virus (EcoHIV). EcoHIV was developed by replacing the coding region of glycoprotein-120 (gp-120) of HIV strain NL4–3 with gp80 of EcoHIV to ensure that the chimeric virus infected murine cells only. <h3>Disclosure of interest statement</h3> This work was supported by a grant from The Hospital Research Foundation (THRF), Woodville, South Australia and grant number APP1026293 from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia. TK is a post-graduate Fellow supported by THRF while SA and GE are Senior Research Fellows of the NHMRC. The authors declare no financial or commercial conflict of interest.
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Hoplia coerulea (2017)

H. coerulea’s elytra show a strong two-photon fluorescence signal, which depends on the presence of water in the photonic structure. A polarization-dependent Third Harmonic Generation signal was detected as well and thoroughly investigated.
Ecological Risk Assessment of the Invasive Sargassum Muticum for the Cherry Point Reach, Washington (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Invasive Species Risk Assessment Hierarchical Invasive Risk Model (HIRM) Analysis Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgements References
Molecular Layer Deposition of Alucone Polymer Films Using Trimethylaluminum and Ethylene Glycol (2008)

Polymeric films can be grown by a sequential, self-limiting surface chemistry process known as molecular layer deposition (MLD). The MLD reactants are typically bifunctional monomers for stepwise condensation polymerization and can yield completely organic films. The MLD of organic–inorganic hybrid polymers can also be accomplished using a bifunctional organic monomer and a multifunctional inorganic monomer. In this work, the growth of a poly(aluminum ethylene glycol) polymer is demonstrated using the sequential exposures of trimethylaluminum (TMA) and ethylene glycol (EG). These hybrid polymers, known as alucones, were grown over a wide range of temperatures from 85 to 175 °C. In situ quartz crystal microbalance and ex situ X-ray reflectivity experiments confirmed linear growth of the alucone film versus number of TMA/EG reaction cycles at all temperatures. The alucone growth rates decreased at higher temperatures. Growth rates varied from 4.0 Å per cycle at 85 °C to 0.4 Å per cycle at 175 °C. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the surface reactions during alucone MLD. Ex situ FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray reflectivity measurements were also employed to determine the chemical composition, thickness, and density of the alucone films. These ex situ studies revealed that the alucone films grown on Al2O3 ALD surfaces evolved under ambient conditions before reaching a stable state. Alucone films capped with rapid SiO2 ALD displayed much more stability than alucone films grown on Al2O3 ALD surfaces. These results indicated that H2O may facilitate the chemical transformation of the alucone MLD films. The alucone films represent a new class of organic–inorganic hybrid polymers. Modification of this basic alucone MLD chemistry with use of other diols or other bifunctional monomers can produce different alucone polymers with variable properties.
Patterns of N-CAM expression during myogenesis in Xenopus laevis (1988)

The neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) is seen in the membrane of nerves and muscles from several vertebrate species. Using indirect immunofluorescence, we have examined the expression of this protein during embryonic and postembryonic myogenesis in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. While good staining for N-CAM was seen in neuronal tissues at all stages examined, no staining of embryonic muscle was observed, including both mononucleated and polynucleated myoblasts. In contrast, limb muscles formed at metamorphosis showed strong expression of N-CAM. The developing limb muscles eventually lose their N-CAM, but will reexpress it dramatically when denervated. These observations suggest that myogenesis programs executed at different stages of development can display distinct patterns of N-CAM expression.
Development of a Multi-spectral Scanner using LED Array for Digital Color Proof (2007)

The authors have developed a multi-spectral scanner for accurately printing proofs that employs an LED array coupled with a photodiode array to measure the reflectance spectra. The system is composed of an LED array with five different spectral radiant distributions and 2048 silicon photodiodes with a Selfoc lens array (SLA) for imaging. Five types of LED were selected from among 40 types of commercially available LED with different spectral radiant distributions in order to minimize the average color difference &#x394;E*94 between the measured and estimated reflectance spectra of 81 typical color charts. The multiple regression method based on the clustering and polynomial regression algorithm was introduced for highly accurate estimation of the spectral reflectance for printing. The results indicate that the average and maximum color differences &#x394;E*94 between the measured and estimated reflectance spectra of 928 color charts were 1.02 and 2.84, respectively. The scanner can measure the reflectance of prints having a 0.5 mm pitch resolution and a scanning speed of 100 mm/s. The field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital signal processor (DSP) were introduced in order to accelerate the calculation of sensor calibration and the estimation of the reflectance spectra of the printed proof for practical and commercial use. As a result, the developed scanner could measure the reflectance spectra of the printed proof within 20 s.
Establishing a Traumatic Brain Injury Program of Care: Benchmarking Outcomes after Institutional Adoption of Evidence-Based Guidelines (2016)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread global disease, often with widely varying outcomes. Standardization of care and adherence to established guidelines are central to the effort to improve outcomes. At our level I urban trauma center, we developed and implemented a Joint Commission-certified TBI Program of Care in 2011 and compared our post-implementation patient data set with historical controls, using the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials (IMPACT) prognostic model. Historical controls were drawn from the San Francisco General Hospital Traumatic Coma Data Bank (SFGH/TCDB) from 1987 to 1996. Recent era patients were drawn from the NeuroTracker database, a customized electronic medical record used in our clinical practice. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Adherence to four quality-of-care metrics on the clinical service was tracked for 2011-2013. The IMPACT prognostic model was used to calculate expected versus observed mortality for current and historical patient groups. In the historical control group, 832 patients were identified and 6-month mortality was available for 592. Observed 6-month mortality was 49%. In the recent era patient group, 211 patients were identified and 6-month mortality was 38%. The IMPACT prognostic model was applied to each patient group. Areas under the curve for each analysis were >0.85 and goodness of fit was satisfactory, indicating good performance of the IMPACT model. Comparison of observed versus expected deaths in the recent versus the control patient sets revealed a drop of 59% in early mortality. The greatest reductions in mortality were observed in the group of patients with IMPACT-predicted mortality ≤50%. Significant progress has been made in reducing the percentage of unexpected deaths in TBI patients. It is likely that major factors include more aggressive management and tracking of compliance with the implementation of guidelines for the management of TBI patients.
Hydraulics of culvert fishways III: weir baffle culvert fishways (1990)

This paper presents the results of a laboratory study of culvert fishways with weir-type baffles. Baffles with heights equal to 0.15 and 0.1 times the diameter (D) of the culvert were studied with longitudinal spacings of 0.6D and 1.2D. Equations have been developed to describe the relation between the discharge, slope, diameter, and the depth of flow. It has been possible to predict the barrier velocity that would exist at the baffles. The performance of the weir baffles has been found to be as good as that of the slotted-weir baffles. Key words: culverts, fishways, hydraulics, turbulent flow, open-channel flow.
Research on Line Loss Diagnosis and Management Method Based on Big Data Technology (2020)

In order to accurately locate the cause of line loss and to develop corresponding management and technical measures for the fault, and to construct a complete line loss management assurance system, this paper proposes a line loss diagnosis and management method for basic big data. Through the processing of the line loss basic data, the classification and analysis of the line loss, and considering the influence of the new energy access on the line loss, the cause of the line loss abnormality is accurately found, and the abnormal line loss is accurately positioned. According to the accurate positioning of abnormal line loss, a targeted line loss management method is proposed to compensate for the lack and deficiency of line loss management.
Inactivation kinetics in a flow-through UV reactor (1984)

Cinetiques d'inactivation d'E. coli, de Candida parapsilosis et du bacteriophage f2 par les UV dans un reacteur a flux discontinu et un reacteur a flux continu
Adenoids in children: Advances in immunology, diagnosis, and surgery (2014)

Adenoids are strategically located for mediating local and regional immune functions as they are exposed to antigens from both the outside air and the alimentary tract. Recurrent or chronic respiratory infections can induce histomorphological and functional changes in the adenoidal immunological barrier, sometimes making surgical treatment necessary. Our aim in this review is to summarize the crucial points about not only the immunological histopathology of adenoidal tissue, especially in patients with adenoid hypertrophy, but also the most common and useful diagnostic techniques and surgical options.
Role of Altitude in Influencing the Spray Combustion Characteristics of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber. Part I: Free Diesel Jet (2023)

Heavy-duty diesel engines operating in plateau regions experience deteriorated combustion. However, the lack of up-to-date information on the spray-combustion process limits the fundamental understanding of the role of altitude. In this work, the in-cylinder thermodynamic conditions of a real diesel engine operating under different altitudes were reproduced in a constant-volume combustion chamber (CVCC). The liquid spray, ignition, and combustion processes were visualized in detail using different optical diagnostics. Apart from predictable results, some interesting new findings were obtained to improve the understanding of free spray-combustion processes with different altitudes. The spatial distributions of ignition kernels provided direct evidence of higher peak pressure rise rates for high-altitude diesel engines. The percent of stoichiometric air was calculated to confirm that the net effect of altitude was an increase in the amount of air-entrained upstream of the lifted flame; therefore, the soot levels deduced from flame images were inconsistent with those from real engines, revealing that accelerating the soot oxidation process could effectively reduce engine soot emissions in plateau regions. Finally, a novel schematic diagram of the spray flame structure was proposed to phenomenologically describe the role of altitude in influencing the spray-combustion process of a free jet.
A new decoding architecture for algebraic geometry codes (2005)

This work presents a new architecture for decoding algebraic geometry codes. The introduced decoder is based on the key equation approach and implements an iterative algorithm. The proposed architecture allows parametrizable hardware description for decoding Hermitian codes
Histopathologic changes in macaques with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (1983)

The authors recently described the clinical course of an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in a colony of macaque monkeys. In the present study, they have reviewed the histopathology of tissues obtained from a cohort of 16 animals with this clinical syndrome at necropsy. They found evidence in these animals of several opportunistic infections, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), simian virus 40 (SV-40), and noma. Furthermore, a number of other unusual pathologic processes were noted. In 4 animals an array of lymphoproliferative disorders was observed, ranging from multiple nodules of lymphocytes in the kidney, liver, and bone marrow, to frank lymphoma. Evidence of retroperitoneal fibrosis was found in 3 of the animals. Finally, amyloidosis was observed in several animals; in two instances it was present only in the mucosa of the small intestine.
Digitally Intensive Mixed-Signal Approach for Self-Interference Cancellation in LTE-A/5G-Transceivers (2021)

State-of-the-art radio frequency transceivers for mobile communication devices suffer from transmitter-to-receiver (Tx-Rx) leakage in frequency division duplex operation, which, in combination with further non-idealities in the analog frontend, may lead to diverse self-interference (SI) effects. Digital as well as mixed-signal architectures have been proposed for self- interference cancellation. In this work we present a digitally intensive mixed-signal approach, where a low-cost auxiliary receiver senses the leaked Tx-signal. Firstly, the sensed signal is used to adaptively estimate the leakage channel, whereas in a second step a cleaned version of the leaked Tx-signal is reconstructed digitally. This reconstructed Tx-leakage signal is then used as input for a low complex adaptive interference cancellation unit to suppress modulated spurs or intermodulation distortions. We show that this approach allows to significantly relax the analog auxiliary receiver specifications, while different to conventional all-digital solutions being able to deal with multiple different types of SI with minimal configuration overhead.
Luminescent lanthanide-polyoxometalates assembling zirconia–alumina–titania hybrid xerogels through task-specified ionic liquid linkage (2013)

This paper is focused on the preparation and characterization of luminescent hybrid materials of zirconia (alumina, titania) xerogels encapsulated with high luminescent lanthanide polyoxometalates via a sol–gel process. Firstly, liquid compound 1-methyl-3-propionyloxy imidazolium bromide (IM+Br−) is assembled with lanthanide polyoxometalates (NaLnW10O36·32H2O, abbreviated as LnW10, Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm, Dy) through the ion exchange reaction, resulting in Ln-IL, Then Ln-IL is connected to zirconia (alumina/titania) by the chelating reaction between a propionyloxy group of the IM+ component and metallic alkoxides (Zr(OCH2CH2CH2CH3)4, Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4, Al(OCH(CH3)2)3) under mild conditions after hydrolysis and condensation. These hybrid materials are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, as well as luminescence. The above measurements indicate that they possess high thermal-stability, amorphous structure features and especially favorable luminescent performances such as long luminescent decay lifetime, high quantum yield. It is found that alumina and zirconia are superior matrices to titania for the luminescence of lanthanide polyoxometalates, and close white-light integration can be realized for hybrids of titania gels.
Cell design of a square-wave powered 1AC-3AC modular multilevel converter low voltage prototype (2016)

This paper presents a novel design calculation scheme for low voltage Modular Multilevel Converters. One of the most important design values is to estimate the lifetime of the electrolytic cell capacitor. Therefore, a novel calculation method for the arm capacitor root mean square current is presented. Additionally, a new algorithm to estimate the power losses without a detailed simulation of the switching events is introduced. The results from these calculations are used to construct a low voltage Modular Multilevel Converter with 8 cells per arm.
A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect of a Combination of Lemon Verbena Extract and Fish Oil Omega-3 Fatty Acid on Joint Management (2011)

This pilot study reveals that supplementation with lemon verbena combined with omega-3 fatty acids may be considered for further investigation as a complementary and alternative treatment for improving joint status in subjects with joint discomfort.
Contact forces computation in a 3D bipedal robot using constrained-based and penalty-based approaches (2011)

International audience
A versatile multi-modality serial link (2012)

Serial data links are often designed targeting a specific transmission medium. High-speed links using different predetermined transmission media have been demonstrated in the past [1-3]. This, however, restricts user's ability to use an integrated link interface with other transmission media once the chip is fabricated. For example, traditional transceivers for copper interconnects typically transmit baseband data, which is incompatible with a free-space wireless channel that is bandpass in nature and often uses RF carriers. A multi-modality transceiver block compatible with different transmission media is highly desirable as it offers great versatility by allowing the exact same interface circuitry to be used with different transmission media. Such a versatile interface can relax the board and system design requirements and enable the reuse of the same transceiver core with different media, reducing the time and cost overhead of re-designing and re-manufacturing.
α-Acylamino-β-lactone N-Acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing Acid Amidase Inhibitors Encapsulated in PLGA Nanoparticles: Improvement of the Physical Stability and Protection of Human Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress (2022)

<i>N</i>-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) is an N-terminal cysteine hydrolase that preferentially catalyzes the hydrolysis of endogenous lipid mediators such as palmitoylethanolamide, which has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective and antinociceptive properties by engaging peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. A few potent NAAA inhibitors have been developed, including α-acylamino-β-lactone derivatives, which are very strong and effective, but they have limited chemical and plasmatic stability, compromising their use as systemic agents. In the present study, as an example of a molecule belonging to the chemical class of <i>N</i>-(2-oxo-3-oxetanyl)amide NAAA inhibitors, URB866 was entrapped in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles in order to increase its physical stability. The data show a monomodal pattern and a significant time- and temperature-dependent stability of the molecule-loaded nanoparticles, which also demonstrated a greater ability to effectively retain the compound. The nanoparticles improved the photostability of URB866 with respect to that of the free molecule and displayed a better antioxidant profile on various cell lines at the molecule concentration of 25 μM. Overall, these results prove that the use of polymeric nanoparticles could be a useful strategy for overcoming the instability of α-acylamino-β-lactone NAAA inhibitors, allowing the maintenance of their characteristics and activity for a longer time.