gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inflammation-Responsive Micellar Nanoparticles from Degradable Polyphosphoramidates for Targeted Delivery to Myocardial Infarction (2023)

Nanoparticles that undergo a localized morphology change to target areas of inflammation have been previously developed but are limited by their lack of biodegradability. In this paper, we describe a low-ring-strain cyclic olefin monomer, 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenoxy-1,3,4,7-tetrahydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphepine 2-oxide (MePTDO), that rapidly polymerizes via ring-opening metathesis polymerization at room temperature to generate well-defined degradable polyphosphoramidates with high monomer conversion (>84%). Efficient MePTDO copolymerizations with norbornene-based monomers are demonstrated, including a norbornenyl monomer functionalized with a peptide substrate for inflammation-associated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The resulting amphiphilic peptide brush copolymers self-assembled in aqueous solution to generate micellar nanoparticles (30 nm in diameter) which exhibit excellent cyto- and hemocompatibility and undergo MMP-induced assembly into micron-scale aggregates. As MMPs are upregulated in the heart postmyocardial infarction (MI), the MMP-responsive micelles were applied to target and accumulate in the infarcted heart following intravenous administration in a rat model of MI. These particles displayed a distinct biodistribution and clearance pattern in comparison to nondegradable analogues. Specifically, accumulation at the site of MI competed with elimination predominantly through the kidney rather than the liver. Together, these results suggest this as a promising new biodegradable platform for inflammation targeted delivery.
Wax Crystallization from Solution in Hierarchical Morphology Templated by Random Poly(ethylene-co-butene) Self-assemblies (2006)

Semicrystalline poly(ethylene−butene) (PEB-n) random copolymers can modify the sizes of wax crystals and thus improve the viscoelastic properties of crude oil and middle distillate fuels at low temperatures. The wax−copolymer interactions in solution are rather complex and not fully understood. When the copolymer self-assembles at temperatures higher than the wax cloud point a hierarchy of morphologies templated by the primordial polymer structure evolves with decreasing temperature. Multilevel structures showing characteristic sizes from 10 μm to 1 nm are formed upon cooling in solutions of semicrystalline PEB-7.5 copolymers and in wax containing mixed solutions. The coplymer structures with the different wax molecules were evaluated by three SANS techniques (conventional SANS, focusing-SANS and ultra-SANS) and contrast matching. Complementary microscopy techniques allowed a direct visualization of these structures in real space.
Comparison of Logistic Regression and Concept Drift Adaptation Algorithms for Modeling Credit Card Data Set with Identification of Accurate Fradulents (2022)

To predict the accuracy percentage of credit card fraudulent transactions using Logistic Regression algorithm. Materials and methods: Logistic Regression with sample size=100 and Concept Drift Adaptation (CDA) with sample size=100 was iterated different times for predicting accuracy percentage of credit card fraudulent transactions. The sigmoid function used in logistic regression maps the value between 0 and 1 which helps to improve the prediction of accuracy percentage. Results and discussion: Logistic Regression has significantly better accuracy (98.2%) compared to Concept Drift Adaptation accuracy (78.4). There was a statistical significance difference between Logistic Regression and CDA with (p=0.001) (P&lt;0.005). Conclusion: Logistic Regression algorithm helps in predicting with better accuracy percentage of credit card fraudulent transactions.
Spatially Resolved Crystalline and Amorphous Components of Polymeric Materials by Carbon-13 Chemical Shift Imaging Performed with Radio-Frequency Field Gradients (2001)

It is shown that chemical shift imaging can be easily adapted to high-resolution solid-state experiments by means of radio-frequency field gradient technology. (The gradient is delivered by a two-turn flat coil, the axis of which coinciding with the rotor axis.) The resulting two-dimensional diagram involves chemical shift information in one dimension and spatial information (along the rotation axis) in the other dimension. Different procedures (physical filters) have been considered in order to enhance specific properties of the crystalline and amorphous components in high-density polyethylene (hdpe). Two of them rely on differences in cross-polarization or in cross-polarization inversion processes, while a third one is based on carbon-13 longitudinal relaxation times. The latter is shown to be especially efficient for effectively obtaining separate images of the amorphous and crystalline components and ultimately unraveling their distribution within the sample. In particular, it is demonstrated that two structurally distinct amorphous phases are spatially separated in the sample under investigation.
A miniature surface tension-driven robot mimicking the water-surface locomotion of water strider (2015)

Aiming at mimicking water strider's water-surface locomotion, this study proposes a new miniature surface tension-driven robot. A key feature of this robot is that its actuating legs possess ellipse-like spatial trajectories like water strider by using a cam-link mechanism, and never pierces water surface when rowing. A set of simple models and equations are proposed to analyze the interaction forces between leg and water as well as the critical condition for a leg penetrating a water surface. The final fabricated robot weights about 3.9 g with a load capacity of 5.6 g. By controlling the motions of actuating legs, the robot can freely and stably walk on water with different gaits. The maximum forward and turning speeds of the robot are measured as 16 cm/s and 23 °/s, respectively. Moreover, a similarity analysis with Bond Number and Weber Number reveals that the locomotion of this robot is quite analogous to that of a water strider: surface tension force dominates the lifting force and plays a major role in the propulsion.
Nanotechnology-Assisted Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs) for High-Performance Pulmonary Drug Delivery Applications (2022)

This report concluded the clinical potential of metered dose inhalers, summary of current progress and future perspectives towards the smart digital metered dose inhalers development.
The Climacteric in Perspective: Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on the Menopause, held at Lake Buena Vista, Florida, October 28–November 2, 1984 (1986)

1 Keynote address: menopause and the developing world.- Section 1: Climacteric medicine and science: a societal need.- 2 Climacteric medicine and science: a societal need.- 3 Medicine and science - the role of the basic scientist.- 4 Nutritional needs of climacteric women.- 5 Exercise and the postmenopausal woman.- 6 Health needs of climacteric women.- 7 Health status and health care utilization by menopausal women.- Section 2: Osteoporosis.- 8 Pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.- 9 Etiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis.- 10 Borie mineral assessment: a practical guide for primary care physicians.- 11 Prophylactic treatment for age-related bone loss in women.- Section 3: Climacteric in the cultural context.- 12 The climacteric syndrome: historical perspectives.- 13 The climacteric in different cultural contexts.- 14 Climacteric expressions in a crosscultural study.- 15 Climacteric in a Newfoundland fishing village.- 16 A survey of perimenopausal symptoms in Nigeria.- 17 The cultural climacteric in crosscultural perspective.- Section 4: How do hormones work?.- 18 Presentation of estrogens to target tissues.- 19 Recent progress in the study of the mechanism of action of progesterone.- 20 Ovarian hormone action in the brain: implications for the menopause.- Section 5: Hot flashes.- 21 An animal model for pharmacologic evaluation of the menopausal hot flush.- 22 Vascular responses in menopausal flushers.- 23 Description of the hot flash: sensations, meaning and change in frequency across time.- 24 Therapy for hot flushes.- Workshops.- 1 The breast.- 2 The aging male.- 3 Lifestyles coping with life events and stress at the climacteric.- 4 Genital tract and other target tissues.- 5 Hormones and metabolism.- 6 Technology and techniques.- 7 Sexuality in the climacteric.- 8 Nutrition.- 9 Self-help groups at middle age.- 10 Contraception in the premenopause.- 11 Progestins.- 13 Pharmacology of estrogens.- 14 Anthropology.- 15 Joint and musculoskeletal problems.- 16 Psychoneuroendocrinqlogy.- Other scientific contributions.- Special lectures.- Short communications.- Poster session.
Syntheses and structures of two novel copper complexes constructed from unusual planar tetracopper(ii) SBUs (2003)

Two novel polymeric copper complexes constructed from unusual planar tetracopper(II) SBUs have been prepared and characterized.
Polymerization of Beta-Methallyl Alcohol and its Lower Aliphatic Esters (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of Beta-Methallyl Alcohol and its Lower Aliphatic EstersJ. D. Ryan and F. B. Shaw Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 12, 3469Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01869a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01869a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Gabor superlens as an alternative wafer-level camera approach inspired by superposition compound eyes of nocturnal insects (2009)

We present the microoptical adaption of the natural superposition compound eye, which is termed "Gabor superlens". Enabled by state-of-the-art microoptics technology, this well known principle has been adapted for ultra-compact imaging systems for the first time. By numerical ray tracing optimization, and by adding diaphragm layers and a field lens array, the optical performance of the Gabor superlens is potentially comparable to miniaturized conventional lens modules, such as currently integrated in mobile phones. However, in contrast to those, the Gabor superlens is fabricated using a standard microlens array technology with low sag heights and small diameter microlenses. Hence, there is no need for complex diamond turning for the generation of the master structures. This results in a simple and well controllable lens manufacturing process with the potential to high yield.
Murine Polycomb- and trithorax-group genes regulate homeotic pathways and beyond. (1997)

In recent years, molecular genetic studies of plant development, particularly flower development, have uncovered a number of homeotic gene.s 1,2. These genes specify cell fates. Are plant homeotic genes also regulated by the polycomb-trStborax group of genes? A recent Nature paper indicates that the answer is yes, at least for one floral homentic gene.
Early Identification of Clinically Relevant Drug Interactions With the Human Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP/ABCB11) (2013)

A comprehensive analysis was performed to investigate how inhibition of the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) relates to clinically observed drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Inhibition of taurocholate (TA) transport was investigated in BSEP membrane vesicles for a data set of 250 compounds, and 86 BSEP inhibitors were identified. Structure-activity modeling identified BSEP inhibition to correlate strongly with compound lipophilicity, whereas positive molecular charge was associated with a lack of inhibition. All approved drugs in the data set (n = 182) were categorized according to DILI warnings in drug labels issued by the Food and Drug Administration, and a strong correlation between BSEP inhibition and DILI was identified. As many as 38 of the 61 identified BSEP inhibitors were associated with severe DILI, including 9 drugs not previously linked to BSEP inhibition. Further, among the tested compounds, every second drug associated with severe DILI was a BSEP inhibitor. Finally, sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHH) were used to investigate the relationship between BSEP inhibition, TA transport, and clinically observed DILI in detail. BSEP inhibitors associated with severe DILI greatly reduced the TA canalicular efflux, whereas BSEP inhibitors with less severe or no DILI resulted in weak or no reduction of TA efflux in SCHH. This distinction illustrates the usefulness of SCHH in refined analysis of BSEP inhibition. In conclusion, BSEP inhibition in membrane vesicles was found to correlate to DILI severity, and altered disposition of TA in SCHH was shown to separate BSEP inhibitors associated with severe DILI from those with no or mild DILI.
Synthèses de matériaux remarquables sous conditions extrêmes (2008)

International audience
Isolation and expansion of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to clinical scale from a single blood draw using dendritic cells and HLA-tetramers (2001)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in immunocompromised recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a cause of morbidity and mortality from viral pneumonitis. Antiviral drugs given to reactivating patients have reduced the mortality from CMV but have toxic side effects and do not always prevent late CMV disease. Cellular immunotherapy to prevent CMV disease is less toxic and could provide prolonged protection. However, a practical approach to generating sufficient quantities of CMV-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) is required. This study describes a system for generating sufficient CMV-specific CTLs for adoptive immunotherapy of HLA-A*0201 bone marrow transplant recipients from 200 mL donor blood. Donor monocytes are used to generate dendritic cells (DCs) in medium with autologous plasma, interleukin 4, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and CD40 ligand. The DCs are pulsed with the immunodominant HLA-A*0201-restricted CMV peptide pp65(495-503), and incubated with donor T cells. These cultures are restimulated twice with peptide-pulsed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) or CD40-ligated B cells and purified with phycoerythrin (PE)-labeled pp65(495-503)/HLA-A*0201 tetramers by flow sorting, or with anti-PE paramagnetic beads. The pure tetramer-positive population is then rapidly expanded to obtain sufficient cells for clinical immunotherapy. The expanded CTLs are more than 80% pure, of memory phenotype, with a Tc1 cytokine profile. They efficiently kill CMV-infected fibroblasts and express the integrin VLA-4, suggesting that the CTLs could cross endothelial barriers. This technique is reproducible and could be used for generating CMV-specific CTLs to prevent CMV disease after allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation. (Blood. 2001;98:505-512)
β-Blockers May Reduce Mortality and Risk of Exacerbations in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2010)

Treatment with beta-blockers may reduce the risk of exacerbations and improve survival in patients with COPD, possibly as a result of dual cardiopulmonary protective properties.
Relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 system and exercise tolerance in patients with intermittent claudication. (2009)

Impaired IGF-1 system is implicated in the complex mechanism responsible for reduced exercise tolerance in IC. Furthermore, this finding suggests that affected individuals could represent a target population for interventions to rise IGF-1 levels.
Anti-tubercular activity and molecular docking studies of indolizine derivatives targeting mycobacterial InhA enzyme (2021)

A series of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indolizines (<b>2a-2f, 3a-3d</b>, and <b>4a-4c</b>) were screened for <i>in vitro</i> whole-cell anti-tubercular activity against the susceptible H37Rv and multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB) strains. Compounds <b>2b-2d</b>, <b>3a-3d</b>, and <b>4a-4c</b> were active against the H37Rv-MTB strain with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 4 to 32 µg/mL, whereas the indolizines <b>4a-4c,</b> with ethyl ester group at the 4-position of the benzoyl ring also exhibited anti-MDR-MTB activity (MIC = 16-64 µg/mL). <i>In silico</i> docking study revealed the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) and anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase as potential molecular targets for the indolizines. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the compound <b>4b</b> was also carried out. Further, a safety study (<i>in silico</i> and <i>in vitro</i>) demonstrated no toxicity for these compounds. Thus, the indolizines warrant further development and may represent a novel promising class of InhA inhibitors and multi-targeting agents to combat drug-sensitive and drug-resistant MTB strains.
The role of intermolecular interactions in the viscoelastic properties of polymer melts (1999)

Abstract The exact microscopic expression for the stress tensor in polymer liquids contains a tensor product of the the segment position vector with the total, intra‐ plus inter‐chain, force acting on the segment. On the other hand, the widely accepted theory of viscoelasticity of polymer melts 1) is based on the assumption, that contributions from interchain interactions to the viscosity of polymer melts is negligible relative to the effectively intrachain entropic interactions. Starting from the exact Green‐Kubo formula for the viscosity, the Rouse dynamic correlation functions, and Newton's second law, we show that the intrachain assumption is inadequate. Rather, the intrachain and interchain forces acting on polymer segments cancel each other largely. The intrachain contribution therefore cannot be dominant as anticipated in the usual treatment 1) , or, in other words, the interchain contribution cannot be ignored. The main contribution to viscoelastic properties of polymer melts can only arise from a part of the total stress tensor as already suggested by M. Fixman based on a different argument 2) . It is concluded that the viscosity is of a purely interchain nature, and is determined by the tensor product of the vector connecting the centers‐of‐mass of neighboring macromolecules on the one hand, and the total force by which macromolecules interact, on the other, just in the case of simple liquids.
Reaction mechanism of T4 endonuclease V determined by analysis using modified oligonucleotide duplexes (1995)

The reaction mechanism of bacteriophage T4 endonuclease V was investigated using modified oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing a cis-syn thymine dimer. For the pyrimidine dimer glycosylase step, the formation of a covalent intermediate has been proposed. A fluorine atom was attached to the 2'-position of the 5'-component of the thymine dimer site, which could stabilize the covalent complex and prevent the ring opening of the sugar moiety. The strand cleavage of the 12 base pair substrate analog did not occur, although the glycosyl bond was cleaved by this enzyme. A covalent enzyme--substrate complex was separated by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. It was shown that the enzyme molecules were completely converted to a stable complex in the reaction mixture. Two mechanisms have been proposed for the beta-elimination step. A 12-mer containing a phosphorothioate linkage between adjacent thymidines was prepared. The diastereomers were separated, and the absolute configurations were determined. After formation of the thymine dimer and 32P-labeling of the 5'-terminus, these oligonucleotides were annealed to the complementary 12-mer, and the reaction rates of the pyrimidine dimer glycosylase step and the overall reaction for each duplex were measured under the substrate-saturation conditions. The rate constants indicated that the chemical reaction at the beta-elimination step was rate-limiting. Since no difference was observed in the rate constants for the Rp- and Sp-phosphorothioate substrates, it is concluded that the beta-elimination reaction is catalyzed, not by the internucleotide phosphate, but by an amino acid residue of the enzyme.
An Efficient Hole-Filling Approach Using Adaptive Rendering (2012)

Based on depth image based rendering (DIBR), this paper presents an efficient hole-filling approach using adaptive rendering for the 2D-to-3D conversion system, i.e., converting monocular image to multi-view virtual images. the traditional processing of DIBR includes depth map pre-processing, image 3D warping, and hole-filling. the depth map pre-processing stage is mainly dedicated to reduction of holes, but it will bring about geometric distortion and texture artifacts. Therefore, an efficient hole filling approach without the depth-map pre-processing is motivated for enhancing the quality of multi-view virtual images. the adaptive rendering strategy is employed to find the appropriate block for performing hole-filling process. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is superior in hole-filling ability to other methods.
Some Studies of Front Fans With and Without Snubbers (1972)

Full-scale front fans were designed and tested with satisfactory results. The flow field in passing through the fans was estimated with a powerful method called streamline-curvature technique, and the first test-program was carried out in equipping the rotor blade row without snubbers (part-span shroud) and the second conducted with them. The detailed analyses of the test results showed that the snubbers had some effect on the operation of a fan stage at all locations within the stage and not only in locations locally near to the snubbers.