gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Framework of the Eastern Otway Basin: Inversion and Interaction Between Two Major Structural Provinces (1994)

Integrating reflection seismic interpretation of the onshore eastern Otway Basin and offshore Torquay Embayment with published and in progress thermochronology has had an impact upon some of the recent models proposed for the Mesozoic to Recent history of the area.Analysis of Early Cretaceous-age faulting with significant heaves in the Eastern Otway-Torquay offshore regions suggest that much of it strikes E-W, implying a general N-S extension at that time. To the east of an area centred around the Stoneyford Gravity High the strike of Early Cretaceous faults gradually changes from E-W to NNE-SSW over several tens of km. There is no evidence for an abrupt discrete transfer fault, controlling the change in fault orientation.The sedimentary section around 143°E in the Port Campbell Embayment records a near orthogonal change in fault strike from WNW-ENE to SW-NE to the east. This change has been recognised for some time from surface data and published tectonic maps and has been used as corroborative evidence for locating a major structural boundary. The WNW-ESE fault trends seen on regional maps in the Port Campbell Embayment were initiated in the Cenomanian-Santonian; thus the orthogonal relationship of the fault trends seen around 143°E is a consequence of juxtaposing faults of different ages.A large scale boundary in this general area is still supported by the significant change in Late Cretaceous subsidence patterns evident in the sedimentary record inferred from the seismic and local thermochronological interpretation. However that boundary, at least at shallow basement levels, is not manifested as a transfer zone and may lie further east, around the Stoneyford Gravity High, rather than on trend with Woorndoo Fault zone.
Sampangine, a New Alkaloid from Cananga odorata (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSampangine, a New Alkaloid from Cananga odorataJ. U. M. Rao, G. S. Giri, T. Hanumaiah, and K. V. J. RaoCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1986, 49, 2, 346–347Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50044a029https://doi.org/10.1021/np50044a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prospective evaluation of mannan and anti-mannan antibodies for diagnosis of invasive Candida infections in patients with neutropenic fever (2009)

The diagnostic performance and usefulness of the Platelia antigen and antibody test (Bio-Rad) was investigated in a prospective study of haematological patients at risk for invasive Candida infections. Among 100 patients, 86 were eligible, of whom invasive candidiasis (IC) occurred in 12 (14%), according to the criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group. These included candidaemia due to Candida albicans (one patient) or Candida tropicalis (four patients), and hepatosplenic candidiasis (seven patients). The comparator group of 74 patients included 50 with febrile neutropenia alone and 24 with mould infections. A strategy was developed to determine diagnostic cut-offs from receiver operating characteristic curves with maximal sensitivity and, given this sensitivity, maximal specificity, both being greater than 0. In this patient population, these values were 0.25 ng ml(-1) for mannan (M) and 2.6 arbitrary units ml(-1) for anti-mannan (AM), which are lower than those recommended by the manufacturer. All patients developed at least one positive diagnostic M or AM result during the 10 days of persistent febrile neutropenia (PFN). The optimal overall performance was found when two consecutive positive tests for both M and AM were used [sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) (95 % confidence intervals) of 0.73 (0.39-0.94), 0.80 (0.69-0.89), 0.36 (0.17-0.59) and 0.95 (0.86-0.99), respectively]. There was a positive correlation of M with beta-D-glucan (r=0.28, P=0.01). The first positive M test was found up to a mean+/-sd of 8.8+/-8.5 (range 2-23) days prior to a clinical/mycological diagnosis of IC. Day-to-day variation in quantitative M levels was high. High-level AM responses were delayed until leucopenia resolved. The low specificities of the test performance may have been due to some of the comparator patients having subclinical Candida infections as evidenced by the high incidence of colonization among them (60% had a colonization index of >or=0.5). The high NPVs suggest that the tests may be particularly useful in excluding IC. It is feasible to explore the use of serial measurements of M and AM as part of a broader diagnostic strategy for selecting PFN patients to receive antifungal drug therapy.
Gelatin‐based composite polymers (1992)

Abstract Composite polymers containing gelatin and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) have been prepared by employing a gel pathway. The gels have been obtained by mixing mechanically at 50°C an aqueous solution of gelation containing a surfactant (sodium dodecylsulphate, SDS) with a monomer (methyl methacrylate, MMA) containing an initiator (AIBN). Two kinds of gels have been identified: high‐viscosity liquid gels, which lose their stability after half to two hours at room temperature, and solid‐type gels, which maintain their stability for a long time at room temperature. Composite polymer materials have been obtained by the polymerization of MMA in these gels. The polymerization of liquid‐type gels has been carried out in two steps: under mixing for the first hour and without mixing for 23 h. The polymerization of the solid‐type gels was performed in two different ways: (1) at room temperature for a few days followed by heating at 50°C for 4 h, and (2) the same procedure as for the liquid‐type gels (since at 50°C the solid‐type gels transform in liquid‐type gels).The phase behavior of the gels was investigated and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphology of the composite polymers. The swelling experiments have shown that at suitable gelatin concentrations, these composites are insoluble in water, methanol, octane, and cyclohexane but have a relatively high solubility in toluene.
Coinhibitory Molecules in Autoimmune Diseases (2012)

Coinhibitory molecules such as CTLA-4, PD-1 and BTLA negatively regulate immune responses. Multiple studies indicate that the deficiency or mutation of coinhibitory molecules leads to the development of autoimmune diseases in mice and humans, indicating that the negative signals from coinhibitory molecules are crucial for the prevention of autoimmunity. In some conditions, the administration of decoy coinhibitory receptors (e.g., CTLA-4 Ig) or mAb against coinhibitory molecules suppresses the responses of self-reactive T cells in autoimmune diseases. Therefore, modulation of coinhibitory signals seems to be an attractive approach to induce tolerance in autoimmune diseases in humans where the disease-inducing self-antigens are not known. Particularly, administration of CTLA-4 Ig has shown great promise in animal models of autoimmune diseases and has been gaining increasing attention in clinical investigation in several autoimmune diseases in humans.
High-speed Non-contact Passive-only Ultrasonic Inspection of Rails from Deconvolutions of Wheel-generated Noise (2017)

Rail internal defects have been one of the major causes of train derailments in the U.S.. While the conventional ultrasound wheel probe has been widely implemented for rail track inspection, it suffers from the drawback of limited testing speed (25 mph at most). This paper presents a radically new approach for ultrasonic rail inspection that utilizes non-contact receivers and no active transmitters. The transfer function between two points of the rail is reconstructed by deconvolutions of multiple pairs of receivers that sense the acoustics naturally excited in the rail by the running wheels. The deconvolution process eliminates the random effect of the excitation to reconstruct a stable acoustic transfer function of the rail. This approach lends itself to extremely high testing speeds (as fast as the running train, e.g. 100 mph and above), that would enable the implementation of â€œsmartâ€ technology on trains running at normal operational speeds. A prototype based on this passive-only inspection idea has been constructed and tested with the DOTX216 testing vehicle of the Federal Railroad Administration at the Transportation Technology Center (TTC) in Pueblo, CO in September 2016. Test runs were made at various speeds from 25 mph to 80 mph (the maximum speed allowed on the test track). The results show the feasibility of stable reconstruction of the transfer function from the random wheel excitation, as well as the detection of joints and welds present in the track. Some tests were also conducted on TTC Defect Farm showing the potential for defect defection.
Product quality & cost control method based on set pair analysis and evolutionary cellular learning automata (2011)

To study influence of uncertain information on product quality cost control process with suppliers' involvement,Set Pair Analysis(SPA) was adopted to build the multi-objective relative degree of nearness optimization model for quality cost control.Evolutionary cellular learning automata algorithm was adaptively improved to solve the optimization model,and then quality cost control alternatives set's priority ordering,i.e.basic ordering,was acquired under the relatively certain condition.Considering uncertain influences,fuzzy-set-valued statistics was utilized to obtain discrepancy degree coefficient Δ,therefore the basic ordering was reordered in the light of relation coefficient,and the optimal product quality cost control concept alternative was selected.According to that optimal alternative,reasonable supplier was selected for each component.Finally,large scale deep cooling air-separating equipment's quality cost control process as a practical case was provided to illustrate the application and validation of the proposed method by simulation and computation.
Is azathioprine a better immunosuppressive than 6-mercaptopurine? (1971)

The toxicities and immunosuppressive potencies of single doses of 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine have been compared in mice, using the 30-day mortality as a measure of toxicity, and reduction in spleen plaque-forming cells in response to sheep erythrocytes as a measure of immunosuppression. When compared on the basis of equivalent toxicity, 6-mercaptopurine was consistently the more effective agent by the intraperitoneal route. By the subcutaneous route, 6-mercaptopurine was more effective at doses above the LD-30; at lower doses, azathioprine was marginally better, but the difference was probably not significant. For the same cost in toxicity, azathioprine was six to seven times more effective as an immunosuppressive by the subcutaneous as by the intraperitoneal route.
Figure S3 from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Drive Glycolysis in a Targetable Signaling Loop Implicated in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Endogenous expression of bFGF in HNSCC and FGFR in CAFs.&lt;/p&gt;
An EEG-Based BCI System for Controlling Lower Exoskeleton to Step Over Obstacles in Realistic Walking Situation (2018)

The strategies to adopt brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to drive assisted devices are proved to be feasible in many studies. Although several studies focus on detecting the initiation of normal walking by BCIs, few consider how to distinguish the change of gait pattern for different terrains in a realistic walking situation. Therefore, this paper proposes an innovative experimental paradigm for robust control of exoskeleton based on a BCI system. Several pseudo online trials are conducted to prove the feasibility of the proposed paradigm. Firstly, a labeled windows generator (LWG) is built to produce electroencephalogram (EEG) windows based on acquired gait data and EEG data. Then the common spatial pattern (CSP) is used to extract features from the labeled EEG windows. Finally, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier is trained to predict the intention of the subject. The experimental results corroborate the feasibility of obtaining the intention of stepping over obstacles from normal walking through the proposed BCI-controlled exoskeleton system.
Experimental and natural evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced activation of type I interferon responses (2020)

SUMMARY Type I interferons (IFNs) are our first line of defence against a virus. Protein over-expression studies have suggested the ability of SARS-CoV-2 proteins to block IFN responses. Emerging data also suggest that timing and extent of IFN production is associated with manifestation of COVID-19 severity. In spite of progress in understanding how SARS-CoV-2 activates antiviral responses, mechanistic studies into wildtype SARS-CoV-2-mediated induction and inhibition of human type I IFN responses are lacking. Here we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a mild type I IFN response in vitro and in moderate cases of COVID-19. In vitro stimulation of type I IFN expression and signaling in human airway epithelial cells is associated with activation of canonical transcriptions factors, and SARS-CoV-2 is unable to inhibit exogenous induction of these responses. Our data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 is not adept in blocking type I IFN responses and provide support for ongoing IFN clinical trials.
Rapid Size-Controlled Synthesis of Dextran-Coated, 64Cu-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (2012)

Research into developing dual modality probes enabled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) has been on the rise recently due to the potential to combine the high resolution of MRI and the high sensitivity of PET. Current synthesis techniques for developing multimodal probes is largely hindered in part by prolonged reaction times during radioisotope incorporation--leading to a weakening of the radioactivity. Along with a time-efficient synthesis, the resulting products must fit within a critical size range (between 20 and 100 nm) to increase blood retention time. In this work, we describe a novel, rapid, microwave-based synthesis technique to grow dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles doped with copper (DIO/Cu). Traditional methods for coprecipitation of dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles require refluxing for 2 h and result in approximately 50 nm diameter particles. We demonstrate that microwave synthesis can produce 50 nm nanoparticles with 5 min of heating. We discuss the various parameters used in the microwave synthesis protocol to vary the size distribution of DIO/Cu and demonstrate the successful incorporation of (64)Cu into these particles with the aim of future use for dual-mode MR/PET imaging.
On-line algorithms for complex number arithmetic (2002)

A class of on-line algorithms for complex number arithmetic is presented These algorithms adopt a redundant complex number system (RCNS) to represent complex numbers as a single number. Such a scheme simplifies the specification of the design, and has the additional effect that single precision complex arithmetic can be easily reconfigured for double-precision real arithmetic. We present cost/spl times/delay comparisons with the more conventional approach to show a significant improvement, demonstrating that the presented algorithms are attractive for VLSI systems demanding complex number operations.
Supplementary Figure 12 from A Useful Approach to Identify Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Wnt-Dependent Transcription (2023)

Supplementary Figure 12 from A Useful Approach to Identify Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Wnt-Dependent Transcription
A Survey of Recent Advances in Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (2023)

Quantum mechanics studies nature and its behavior at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. By applying quantum mechanics, a lot of problems can be solved in a more convenient way thanks to its special quantum properties, such as superposition and entanglement. In the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, quantum mechanics finds its use in various fields of life. Following this trend, researchers seek to augment machine learning in a quantum way. The generative adversarial network (GAN), an important machine learning invention that excellently solves generative tasks, has also been extended with quantum versions. Since the first publication of a quantum GAN (QuGAN) in 2018, many QuGAN proposals have been suggested. A QuGAN may have a fully quantum or a hybrid quantum–classical architecture, which may need additional data processing in the quantum–classical interface. Similarly to classical GANs, QuGANs are trained using a loss function in the form of max likelihood, Wasserstein distance, or total variation. The gradients of the loss function can be calculated by applying the parameter-shift method or a linear combination of unitaries in order to update the parameters of the networks. In this paper, we review recent advances in quantum GANs. We discuss the structures, optimization, and network evaluation strategies of QuGANs. Different variants of quantum GANs are presented in detail.
Characterization of S-AKAP84, a Novel Developmentally Regulated A Kinase Anchor Protein of Male Germ Cells (1995)

In mammalian spermatozoa, most of the type II alpha isoform of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKAII alpha) is anchored at the cytoplasmic surface of a specialized array of mitochondria in the flagellar cytoskeleton. This places the catalytic subunits of PKAII alpha in proximity with potential target substrates in the cytoskeleton. The mechanism by which PKAII alpha is anchored at the outer surface of germ cell mitochondria has not been elucidated. We now report the cloning of a cDNA that encodes a novel, germ cell A kinase anchor protein (AKAP) designated S-AKAP84. S-AKAP84 comprises 593 amino acids and contains a centrally located domain that avidly binds regulatory subunits (RII alpha and RII beta) of PKAII alpha and PKAII beta. The 3.2-kilobase S-AKAP84 mRNA and the cognate S-AKAP84 RII binding protein are expressed principally in the male germ cell lineage. Expression of S-AKAP84 is tightly regulated during development. The protein accumulates as spermatids undergo nuclear condensation and tail elongation. The timing of S-AKAP84 expression is correlated with the de novo accumulation of RII alpha and RII beta subunits and the migration of mitochondria from the cytoplasm (round spermatids) to the cytoskeleton (midpiece in elongating spermatids). Residues 1-30 at the NH2 terminus of S-AKAP84 constitute a putative signal/anchor sequence that may target the protein to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that S-AKAP84 is co-localized with mitochondria in the flagellum.
Usefulness of oral administration of lipopolysaccharide for disease prevention through the induction of priming in macrophages. (2014)

Many publications show that macrophages are closely involved in etiology of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies show that waste products (e.g. dead cells, denatured proteins, oxidized lipids, and advanced glycation end-products) are the real causative agents of lifestyle-associated diseases. From the standpoint of health maintenance, macrophages eliminate foreign objects and waste products from an animal's body and appear to be quite important for maintaining homeostasis. There are two stages of activation of macrophages: one is priming and the other is the triggering stage with cytokine secretion. The priming stage of macrophages is an ostensibly functional stage without characteristic morphological changes and secretion of cytokines, but it functionally promotes clearance of waste products. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of oral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a macrophage-priming agent for prevention/treatment of several diseases, including cancer. Moreover, the oral administration of LPS is safe. These observations suggest that LPS may be considered a vitamin-like substance with therapeutic properties.
Influence of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and DNA-Methyltransferase Inhibitors on the NK Cell-Mediated Lysis of Pediatric B-Lineage Leukemia (2013)

Epigenetic drugs like histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and DNA-methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) have been shown to be effective against a variety of tumor entities. Among different molecular anticancer activities of epigenetic active substances, up-regulation of natural killer (NK) cell ligands was described to contribute to an enhanced NK cell-mediated killing of tumor cell lines. So far, no data is available on this effect in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We investigated the effect of two HDACi [vorinostat, valproic acid (VPA)] and two DNMTi (azacytidine, decitabine) on the viability, expression of NK ligands, and NK susceptibility of the pre-B-cell-ALL cell line MHH-CALL-4. Whereas vorinostat, azacytidine, and decitabine directly reduced viability of the cell line, VPA had no direct cytotoxic effect. NKG2D-ligands were expressed only at very low levels and not affected by epigenetic treatment. Higher expression was found for the DNAM-1 ligands with significant up regulation of CD112 after treatment with VPA (p = 0.02). No significant increase in lysis mediated by resting NK cells could be observed, whereas incubation of target cells with decitabine resulted in a significant increase in lysis mediated by IL-2 activated NK cells (p = 0.0051, p = 0.06 for azacytidine). Vorinostat and VPA could increase the lysis by expanded NK cells which was statistically not significant due to high inter-individual variability. Furthermore, HDACi but not DNMTi reduced the NK-mediated lysis of MHH-CALL-4 after incubation of effector cells. In conclusion, there is a synergistic effect between epigenetic drugs and NK cells against MHH-CALL-4 which is not as strong as in other tumor entities. In situations where NK-mediated control of leukemia is assumed or wanted, a sophisticated combination of single epigenetic drugs and ex vivo expanded NK cells is needed to maximize the synergistic effect of both treatment strategies and DNMTIs may be preferred based on the direct inhibitory effect of HDACi on NK cell cytotoxicity.
Vierfache Überbrückung des Benzolrings in einem Schritt (2006)

Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 1392. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198213920