gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glutamine Regulates Skeletal Muscle Immunometabolism in Type 2 Diabetes (2022)

Dysregulation of skeletal muscle metabolism influences whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. We hypothesized that type 2 diabetes-associated alterations in the plasma metabolome directly contribute to skeletal muscle immunometabolism and the subsequent development of insulin resistance. To this end, we analyzed the plasma and skeletal muscle metabolite profile and identified glutamine as a key amino acid that correlates inversely with BMI and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in men with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Using an in vitro model of human myotubes and an in vivo model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in male mice, we provide evidence that glutamine levels directly influence the inflammatory response of skeletal muscle and regulate the expression of the adaptor protein GRB10, an inhibitor of insulin signaling. Moreover, we demonstrate that a systemic increase in glutamine levels in a mouse model of obesity improves insulin sensitivity and restores glucose homeostasis. We conclude that glutamine supplementation may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay the onset of insulin resistance in obesity by reducing inflammatory markers and promoting skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.
1147. Pseudo-Outbreak of Clostridium paraputrificum Related to Anaerobic Tent Contamination (2018)

Abstract Background Over a 2-month period, eight patient cultures in our clinical microbiology laboratory were positive for Clostridium paraputrificum, an uncommon spore-forming microbe. The possibility of a pseudo-outbreak related to contamination in the laboratory’s anaerobic tent was considered. Methods This study occurred at a 505-bed tertiary care university-affiliated teaching hospital. Patient samples were cultured and evaluated following standard protocols, and isolates of C. paraputrificum were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). To identify additional cases, MALDI-TOF MS testing reports were manually reviewed and matched to patient records. Concurrently, the laboratory’s anaerobic tent was sampled after cleaning with isopropyl alcohol (and later with bleach or sporicidal disinfectant) following standard procedures and protocols recommended by the tent manufacturer (Coy). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on isolates from patients (n = 8) and the anaerobic tent (n = 6). Results Despite cleaning with isopropyl alcohol or bleach, surface samples from the anaerobic tent grew C. paraputrificum. PFGE analysis revealed all patient and anaerobic tent isolates to be indistinguishable, suggesting that they originated from a common source. Growth of the organism from patient samples was therefore regarded as potential contamination. Prior to this, six of the eight patients received antibiotics related to this positive culture and had Infectious Disease consultations. Providers of the patients were contacted regarding the contamination issue. The anaerobic tent manufacturer was consulted and ultimately recommended using Peridox Sporicidal Disinfectant. Six months later, the tent was re-sampled and did not yield positive cultures. Conclusion A pseudo-outbreak of the uncommon organism C. paraputrificum was related to insufficient disinfection practices of an anaerobic culture tent. This had negative effects on our institution and patient care in terms of cost, time, and unnecessary treatment. The use of sporicidal disinfectant has since proven effective to prevent contamination from spore-producing microbes. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
Long-Period Grating Relative Humidity Sensor With Hydrogel Coating (2007)

The long-period grating (LPG) coated with the hydrogel was investigated for monitoring the relative humidity (RH) levels-the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air at a specific temperature to the maximum amount that the air could hold at that temperature. The experimental results showed that the resonant wavelength of the hydrogel-coated LPG was shifted when the RH varied from 38.9% to 100%, with a linearity of 99.5% and an accuracy of plusmn2.3% RH
Zweiter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der geographischen Verbreitung der Tineiden auf der Iberischen Halbinsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). (2017)

Es wird ein zweiter Beitrag zur Tineidenfauna der Iberischen Halbinsel vorgelegt. Der gegenwärtige Stand der Erforschung dieses Gebietes wird diskutiert mit Hinweisen auf jene Provinzen Spaniens und Portugals, in denen weitere Untersuchungen zur Vervollständigung des Gesamtbildes notwendig sind. Ein systematisches Verzeichnis der Iberischen Tineiden nennt 60 Arten, die bisher nachgewiesen wurden, ihre Synonyme und ihre Verbreitung. Nomenklatorische Handlungen andalusiella Petersen, 1964 (Novotinea), spec. n.
Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterases of Human and Rat Islets of Langerhans: Contributions of Types III and IV to the Modulation of Insulin Secretion (1995)

This study evaluated the contribution of isozymes of cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) to total PDE activity in human and rat islets using type-selective inhibitors. The effects of selected PDE inhibitors on insulin secretion from human and rat islets were also measured in order to assess the contribution of the various PDE isozymes to the modulation of insulin secretion. The data suggest that PDE III is quantitatively the most important PDE isozyme present in islets, accounting for up to 70% of the total activity. Lower, but measurable, levels of PDE IV activity were present. Approximately 20% of islet PDE is not inhibitable by agents selective either for PDE III or IV. Selective inhibition of PDE III stimulated insulin secretion, but inhibition of PDE IV had no effect. The effects of type-selective inhibitors on PDE activity and insulin secretion were similar in human and rat islets.
Protein Balance in Nondiabetic Versus Diabetic Patients Undergoing Colon Surgery (2010)

A short-term infusion of amino acids reduced protein breakdown, increased protein synthesis, and rendered protein balance positive. This anabolic effect was pronounced in diabetic patients with EDA compared with nondiabetic patients or PCA, respectively, and prevented an undesirable hyperglycemia.
Nanosize hydroxyapatite: doping with various ions (2011)

AbstractNatural crystal sizes of bone minerals are present in the nanoscale regime (specifically less than 100 nm in at least one direction). Therefore, research on the synthesis and characterisation of nanosize hydroxyapatite has gained significant importance in numerous biomedical applications. This is because currently used pure micrometre sized hydroxyapatite has poor mechanical properties, which limits it use in non-load bearing applications. For these reasons, various ions could be easily substituted into nanostructured hydroxyapatite to alter its biocompatibility, sinterability and mechanical properties. In this study, the synthesis methods, biocompatibility, physical, microstructural and nanostructural characteristics of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite are reviewed. Compared to pure micrometre structured hydroxyapatite, numerous properties (most notably, biocompatibility properties pertinent for orthopedic applications) are improved for nanostructured hydroxyapatite doped with various ions. Such studies demonstrated that the mechanical properties and phase stability of nanohydroxyapatite doped with various ions after sintering at high temperatures should be investigated in more detail.
Neon gas imaging of gold in the field ion microscope. Report No. 1973 (1973)

An improved field ion microscope (FIM) technique has been developed for the neon gas imaging of gold specimens.The technique produces images which are stable at best image voltage at a tip temperature (T ) of 30 K or less.The first stage of the technique consisted of the development of ah end form at 55 K in the presence of a partial pressure of air (^2x10 Torr gauge pressure) and neon gas (^3x10 Torr gauge pressure) followed by further field evaporation at 28 K.The second stage involved neon gas imaging of the previously developed end form in a baked FIM in a background pressure of -9 (0.5 to 3)xl0Torr.The FIM images obtained in conjunction with the field ionization characteristic curves showed that there is a working range (in the sense defined by Southon and Brandon).A detailed study was made ofartifact vacancies, detected on the {203}, {321}, {315}, {421}, {671}, and {731} planes, and it was found that at 28 K their concentration was <2.5xl0~ at.fr.Approximately 191,000 atomic sites were examined for artifact vacancies.The artifact vacancy concentrations measured in the present study were a factor of 13 to 60 lower than those measured earlier by Schmid and Balluffi who employed a background pressure of -v5xl0Torr in their FIM.Hence, the artifact vacai.^yconcentrations detected in gold are dependent upon the background partial pressure employed in the FIM.This latter result.plus the result that the images are only stable in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) .conditions indicates the need for UHV conditions for the successful imaging of gold surfaces.
Posterior Rotational and Translational Stability in Acromioclavicular Ligament Complex Reconstruction: A Comparative Biomechanical Analysis in Cadaveric Specimens (2020)

Horizontal stability of the AC joint is primarily controlled by the ACLC. Inability to restore AC joint biomechanics can result in persistent posterior instability and lead to functional impairment.
Acuity and contrast sensitivity in 1-, 2-, and 3-month-old human infants. (1978)

The importance of assessing infant visual function is indicated by recent demonstrations that early visual experience in part determines the eventual state of adult visual function. It is argued that the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) could be a valuable index in the assessment of infant vision because it provides information concerning several aspects of vision. CSF's were measured in 1-, 2-, and 3-month-old infants. The "cut-off" spatial frequencies, which are estimates of visual acuity, were 2.4 cy/deg for 1-month-olds, 2.8 cy/deg for 2-month-olds, and 4.0 cy/deg for 3-month-olds. Sensitivity to contrast was shown to increase between 1 and 3 months of age. The CSF's measured also provide evidence for the presence of a low-frequency fall-off at 2 and 3 months.
Synergistic Effects of Additives on the Filling Process of High-Aspect-Ratio TSV - Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation - (2013)

The effects of additives on the filling process of high-aspect-ratio Through Silicon Via (TSV) have been studied by the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation. We included accelerators, suppressors, and levelers in the solution. The synergistic effect of suppressors and levelers is taken into account. We used three kinds of waveforms of the applied current: the pulse current, the pulse reverse current, and the 2-step current (the combination of the pulse current and the pulse reverse current). We confirmed that the dependence of the filling pattern on the leveler concentration corresponds to the experimental results. It is found that the initial distribution of additives plays an important role in the filling. The dependence of filling efficiency on waveforms is also studied. We succeeded in the void-free filling of 12 aspect ratio via(10μm×120μm) by using 2-step current.
Strategy for Manufacturing a Deep-Red Ink Based on Nanocellulose and Reactive Red 120 (2019)

Nanocellulose (CNC) is a sustainable substrate extracted from biomass with many excellent properties and a broad spectrum of potential applications. The prepared CNC with colloidal properties is supposed to fabricate a Nano-Ink for gel pens which are the most popularly used writing instruments. The new proposal method by mixing CNC, reactive red 120 (RR120), and additive surfactant in water avoids the emission of volatile organic compounds as in conventional preparation of gel inks. We found that surface tension and viscosity of the Nano-Inks are key factors for their utilization in gel pen writing because simply mixing CNC and RR120 without controlling surface tension leads to ink breakage in high CNC concentration, and both ink breakage and ink accumulation in low CNC concentration. Surfactant takes a crucial role in adjusting the surface tension and viscosity of the ink to a suitable range. After optimizing color depth with various proportions of RR120 and ink viscosity with different CNC concentrations, we found that when CNC concentration was between 1.63% and 1.82%, the dosage of surfactant octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-10 was 0.04%, and the proportion of RR120 was 2.5%, the prepared new Nano-Ink can write smoothly with deep-red color. This ink also performed with anticounterfeiting feature because the CNCs are native polarizing materials.
Strategies to Achieve High Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Colloidal Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Nanocrystals (2020)

Colloidal metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with chiral ligands are outstanding candidates as a circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) light source due to many advantages such as high photoluminescence quantum efficiency, large spin-orbit coupling, and extensive tunability <i>via</i> composition and choice of organic ligands. However, achieving pronounced and controllable polarized light emission remains challenging. Here, we develop strategies to achieve high CPL responses from colloidal formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr<sub>3</sub>) NCs at room temperature using chiral surface ligands. First, we show that replacing a portion of typical ligands (oleylamine) with short chiral ligands ((<i>R</i>)-2-octylamine) during FAPbBr<sub>3</sub> NC synthesis results in small and monodisperse NCs that yield high CPL with average luminescence dissymmetry <i>g</i>-factor, <i>g</i><sub>lum</sub> = 6.8 × 10<sup>-2</sup>. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest among reported perovskite materials at room temperature to date and represents around 10-fold improvement over the previously reported colloidal CsPbCl<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i>Br<i><sub><i>y</i></sub></i>I<sub>3-<i>x</i>-<i>y</i></sub> NCs. In order to incorporate NCs into any optoelectronic or spintronic application, the NCs necessitate purification, which removes a substantial amount of the chiral ligands and extinguishes the CPL signals. To circumvent this issue, we also developed a postsynthetic ligand treatment using a different chiral ligand, (<i>R-</i>/<i>S</i>-)methylbenzylammonium bromide, which also induces a CPL with an average <i>g</i><sub>lum</sub> = ±1.18 × 10<sup>-2</sup>. This postsynthetic method is also amenable for long-range charge transport since methylbenzylammonium is quite compact in relation to other surface ligands. Our demonstrations of high CPL and <i>g</i><sub>lum</sub> from both as-synthesized and purified perovskite NCs at room temperature suggest a route to demonstrate colloidal NC-based spintronics.
Author retrospective for cooperative cache partitioning for chip multiprocessors (2014)

In this paper, we reflect on our experiences and the lessons learned in designing and evaluating the cooperative cache partitioning technique for chip multiprocessors.
Maximum likelihood open loop carrier synchronizer for digital radio (2002)

The problem of carrier synchronization frequency offset is considered. New frequency estimation algorithms for the data-aided (DA), the decision directed (DD), and the nondata-aided (NDA) mode are derived from the maximum likelihood principle. Their performance is assessed by both analysis and simulation, and the error variance is compared to the Cramer-Rao bound. The resulting open-loop system for estimating and correcting frequency and carrier phase for a coherent M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) transmission system is presented and verified. Implementation issues like filter functions and nonlinearities are addressed. It is found that the proposed structures provide optimal synchronization at high SNR and robust synchronization even at low SNR.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Integration of remote meter reading, load control and monitoring of customers' installations for customer automation with telephone line signalling (1989)

The authors describe EMTEL (energy management on the telephone network), a successful, programmable, integrated time of use (TOU) metering and control system employing 'high speed' telephone line signalling over existing telephone subscriber lines, but completely avoiding usage of the telephone switched network. It is presently undergoing field trials in Brisbane with The South East Queensland Electricity Board.
Standby power management for a 0.18μm microprocessor (2003)

Static power dissipation is a concern for battery powered hand-held devices since it can substantially impact the battery life. Here, the use of reverse body bias to limit Ioff on the high performance, low power XScale™ microprocessor core is described. The scheme utilized is amenable to implementation on a low-cost (non-triple well) process and has limited regulation requirements. The regulation requirements and circuits are described, as is the performance of the method. A measured current reduction factor of over 25 is achieved with this method of reverse body bias. Implications of the use of body bias leakage control for active power and performance, as well as system level implications are also discussed.
Longitudinal Data Discontinuity in Electronic Health Records and Consequences for Medication Effectiveness Studies (2021)

Electronic health record (EHR) discontinuity (i.e., receiving care outside of the study EHR system), can lead to information bias in EHR-based real-world evidence (RWE) studies. An algorithm has been previously developed to identify patients with high EHR-continuity. We sought to assess whether applying this algorithm to patient selection for inclusion can reduce bias caused by data-discontinuity in four RWE examples. Among Medicare beneficiaries aged >=65 years from 2007 to 2014, we established 4 cohorts assessing drug effects on short-term or long-term outcomes, respectively. We linked claims data with two US EHR systems and calculated %bias of the multivariable-adjusted effect estimates based on only EHR vs. linked EHR-claims data because the linked data capture medical information recorded outside of the study EHR. Our study cohort included 77,288 patients in system 1 and 60,309 in system 2. We found the subcohort in the lowest quartile of EHR-continuity captured 72-81% of the short-term and only 21-31% of the long-term outcome events, leading to %bias of 6-99% for the short-term and 62-112% for the long-term outcome examples. This trend appeared to be more pronounced in the example using a nonuser comparison rather than an active comparison. We did not find significant treatment effect heterogeneity by EHR-continuity for most subgroups across empirical examples. In EHR-based RWE studies, investigators may consider excluding patients with low algorithm-predicted EHR-continuity as the EHR data capture relatively few of their actual outcomes, and treatment effect estimates in these patients may be unreliable.
<title>High-speed web inspection using intelligent time delay and integration (TDI) cameras</title> (1994)

Inspection systems for wide web materials have been unable to effectively image fine defects as they are detected. The amount of data produced by highly parallel video inspection cameras can exceed 400 MBytes/sec. The system described in this paper is capable of analyzing and displaying a detected image within seconds of the event using a single frame grabber and a 386 computer. The system can operate at processing speeds of greater than 400 MBytes/sec since it makes use of a novel post processing algorithm within the camera itself. The video cameras are based on Time Delay and Integration technology to provide high grey scale resolution at high data rates and low light levels. The system has an adjustable resolution ranging from 256 to 24,000 pixels per line scanned. The scanning rate is adjustable to a maximum of 20,000 line scans per second.
Effect of Age, Educational Status, Ethnicity and Geographic Location on Prostate Symptom Scores (1994)

We evaluated the effect of patient age, educational status, ethnicity and geographic location upon the American Urological Association benign prostatic hyperplasia symptom scores. Using patients attending Prostate Cancer Awareness Week, we collected additional data on the symptom score and also on education received. A total of 2,245 records was obtained from 4 different centers. Of the population 72% were white and 13% were black. Regression analysis of patient age versus symptom score demonstrated an increase with patient age from 4.59 at age 40 years to 8.17 at age 70 years. Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences in age-adjusted scores between sites from 6.24 in New Orleans, Louisiana to 8.58 in Madison, Wisconsin. No effect was noted for education or ethnicity on symptom scores.
Health-related quality of life of children with vision impairment or blindness (2006)

The aims of the study were to describe the functional ability, health status, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) of young children with a vision impairment or blindness (VI/BL) and to examine the effect of different types of ophthalmic condition and the presence of other impairments or systemic disorders. A cross-sectional community survey of children aged 3 to 8 years with VI/BL was conducted in four areas of England using the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 system. Seventy-nine children (47 males, 32 females; mean age 6 y 2 mo [SD 1 y 6 mo]) met the selection criteria: 43% had a visual pathway condition, 38% a condition of the eye, and 19% nystagmus alone; and 61% had additional impairments/disorders. Eighty per cent had functional limitations on at least two of the following attributes: vision, hearing, speech, cognition, ambulation, dexterity, emotion, and pain. Forty-four per cent had functional limitations on four or more attributes. Children with nystagmus alone had significantly higher mean HRQL utility scores (0.80 [SD 0.26]) than children with a condition of the eye (0.45 [SD 0.33]), who, in turn, had higher scores than children with a visual pathway condition (0.05 [SD 0.33], p=0.002). Children with an isolated VI/BL had significantly higher mean scores (0.73 [SD 0.21]) than those with additional impairments/disorders (0.09 [SD 0.34], p<0.001). These findings underline the need for a broad assessment of each child with VI/BL and a multidisciplinary approach to care.
Cross-reactivity of Streptococcus mutans antigens and human heart tissue (1980)

Rocket and two-dimensional immunoelectrophoreses were used to demonstrate that antisera from rabbits immunized with Streptococcus mutans strain B13 cross-reacted with human heart tissue. Absorption of the anti-S. mutans serum with S. mutans whole cells removed all reactivity to heart tissue, but did not remove the reactivity of an added antibody marker to its corresponding antigen. The anti-S. mutans serum reacted most intensely with heart tissue antigen and to a lesser degree with skeletal muscle, but not with liver or kidney tissues. These results support the conclusion that antigens of S. mutans cross-react with mammalian heart tissue and, further, suggest that caution should be exercised in the formulation of a dental caries vaccine containing S. mutans antigens.
Oxidation of Aluminum Melts with Rare-Earth Metals (2018)

Thermogravimetry studies show that the oxidation of aluminum–rare-earth metal (R) melts obeys a parabolic law. The true oxidation rate of the melts is on the order of 10–4–10–3 kg/(m2 s). In the Al–R systems, the minimum oxidation rate corresponds to the compositions of intermetallic compounds. The oxidation rate of a melt is shown to increase with temperature. It is found by IRS (infrared spectroscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) that the melt oxidation products consist of γ-Al2O3, R2O3 (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Y, Sc), CeO2, and rare-earth metal monoaluminates RAlO3 (CeAlO3, LaAlO3, NdAlO3).