gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Unique Properties of Bacteriorhodopsins as Energy Converters (1998)

A quarter of a century has passed since the discovery of PM (purple membrane) and the first bacterial rhodopsin (BR) was isolated in a wild cell culture of Halobacterium halobium. Since that time, microbiologists and geneticists have synthesized dozens of artificial halobacteria cell cultures, have reconstructed hundreds of BR analogs (genetic and mutant invariants), and have even discovered new bacterial rhodopsinoid molecules. Such analogs differ in their ground state absorption spectra, the lifetimes of intermediates, the ability to transport protons, etc. Only a few BR analogs have no photochemical activity (no photocycle), and are not capable of creating a potential drop. Nearly all retinal-protein complexes, to a greater or lesser extent, are capable of energy conversion. However, despite a knowledge of BR protein structure (primary, secondary, and tertiary), the retinal binding location, and despite the multitude of theories put forth, and the behemoth experimental databank, the mechanism of BR functioning is still largely a mystery!
Effects of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Si and Ge (1962)

A treatment of spin-orbit effects in some semiconductors is given using the effective-mass method and orthogonalized-plane-wave type wave functions. In this formalism, the spin-orbit splitting of valence states in the crystal is expressed directly in terms of either experimental or calculated values of the spin-orbit splitting of the atomic-core states. The calculation yields values in good agreement with experiments for the splitting at ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{{25}^{\ensuremath{'}}}$ for Si and at both ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{{25}^{\ensuremath{'}}}$ and ${L}_{{3}^{\ensuremath{'}}}$ for Ge. A demonstration is given of the enhancement of the spin-orbit splitting of valence states in the crystal over the corresponding atomic value.The shift in the $g$ tensor due to spin-orbit interactions is studied in Si and Ge. Because of crystal selection rules, the usual two-band approximation to the effective-mass sum rule is inadequate for Si and, in particular, the core state must be considered. When all important states are included, the calculations yield values in good agreement with experiment. In the case of Ge, it is found that core states do not contribute appreciably to the $g$ tensor. However, the calculated value for the shift in the transverse component of the $g$ tensor has an opposite sign to the measured one.A certain matrix element of the deformation potential for Si is also evaluated based on the measured shift in the $g$ value due to strain. The result is compared with other deformation potentials in Si.
Bedding waveguide for smartphone-based ballistocardiography (2020)

Ballistocardiography (BCG), a contactless heart rate monitoring method, has the potential to measure vital signs and reduce neonates’ monitoring pain and discomfort. It uses an accelerometer on the mattress side. However, the bedding and bed frame nature may alter the propagation of the ejection force to the sensor, especially in case of viscous foam or damping medical beds. As neonates have a weaker ejection force than adults, heartbeats are sometimes undetectable with usual BCG systems.The contribution of the bedding nature to the BCG amplitude is investigated and a waveguide bedding is designed to amplify the BCG signal: a healthy adult volunteer is asked to rest in supine position on a bed. A contactless accelerometer records the BCG for one minute on the bed surface, twenty centimeters away from the thorax. Amplitude of heartbeats are compared for different waveguide beddings, with or without a mattress cover. Another experimentation applies this principle with a smartphone that includes an accelerometer without any hardware amplification, in comparison with a usual BCG system. The selected waveguides beddings significantly amplify up to 50 % the smallest heartbeats in the BCG signal. The smartphone BCG was also amplified with the waveguide bedding and heartbeats could be detected.The choice of bedding and bed frame must be considered for BCG measurement systems. Waveguides beddings amplify the ejection force generated during systole and offer opportunities to develop a smartphone-based contactless monitoring method for the mechanical cardiac activity of neonates.
Encryption and volumetric 3D object reconstruction using multispectral computational integral imaging (2014)

This paper presents a new method for three-dimensional (3D) scene acquisition via reconstruction with multispectral information and its Fourier-based encryption using computational integral imaging, by which the field of view, resolution, and information security are increased, respectively. The color imaging sensors covered with a Bayer color filter array captures elemental images (EI) at different spectral bands (400 and 700 nm intervals in the visible spectrum). Subsequently, double random phase encryption (DRPE) in the Fourier domain is employed on Bayer formatted EI to encrypt the captured 3D scene. Proper 3D object reconstruction only can be achieved by applying inverse decryption and a geometric ray backpropagation algorithm on the encrypted EI. Further, the high-resolution multispectral 3D scene can be visualized by using various adaptive interpolation algorithms. To objectively evaluate our proposed method, we carried out computational experiments for 3D object sensing, reconstruction, and digital simulations for DRPE. Experiment results validate the feasibility and robustness of our proposed approach, even under severe degradation.
Observations of October 24, 1995 total solar eclipse from ground and from Canberra Aircraft at 40,000 ft. altitude. (1997)

Photographic observations were made of the total solar eclipse from the ground (near&#13;\nAgra-village Jajau) and from a height of 40,000 feet on board a Canberra aircraft of the Indian Air Force. For this purpose two identical 70mm format Hasselblad cameras with f/3.5 and 100 mm focal length were used. In front of the camera lens, a polaroid filter was mounted, which could be manually rotated to take photographs at three orientations of the polaroid, 60 degrees apart, to determine the degree of polarization of the outer corona. For the Canberra airplane, the camera was mounted on a special stand which could be held rigidly and pointed towards the Sun through the optical flat window available on the side of the plane
Thromboprophylaxis in Cancer Patients Receiving Bevacizumab (2011)

Background: Thrombosis is one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients. Anti-angiogenic inhibitors like bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor, increase the risk of thrombosis. Thromboprophylaxis must be provided to patients receiving bevacizumab. Methods: An up-to-date, comprehensive literature search using PubMed for studies performed on bevacizumab from January 2003 to the present was performed. Key words searched included bevacizumab, avastin, thromboprophylaxis, and anticoagulation in cancer patients. Results: Thrombosis risk is increased with bevacizumab therapy. Anticoagulation therapy with bevacizumab may increase bleeding risks; however, these risks are generally low and for minor bleeding. Current guidelines approve thromboprophylaxis in a subset of cancer patients; however, they are not specific for patients receiving anti-angiogenesis therapy. Conclusion: Thromboprophylaxis should be considered for patients receiving bevacizumab, as the benefits outweigh the small risk of adverse effects such as bleeding.
A photon accelerator (1989)

A novel method of frequency upshifting short ({le} 100{mu}s) pulses of laser light, which makes use of relativistic plasma waves, is described. As is well known, photons in a plasma can be thought of as particles possessing and effective mass of m{sub {gamma}} = {Dirac h}{omega}{sub pe}/c{sup 2} and moving with the group velocity of the laser pocket. It is also known that these photons experience a force acting on them when in the presence of a gradient in the plasma density. By using a relativistic plasma wave traveling with the photons, the energy of the photons (thus the frequency) can be continuously increased. Similarities with another laser-plasma interaction, Raman scattering, are discussed. The physical mechanism and results of particle-in-cell computer simulations will be described. 9 refs., 3 figs.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Bcl3 Selectively Promotes Metastasis of ERBB2-Driven Mammary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 269K, Primary tumour morphology and cell turnover kinetics are unaltered by Bcl3 deficiency&lt;/p&gt;
Different Helicobacter pylori Strains Colonize the Antral and Duodenal Mucosa of Duodenal Ulcer Patients (2000)

The results suggest that a mixed population of different H. pylori strains with marked variation, both genotypically and phenotypically, colonize the same patient.
Recent Results on Vub, Vcb and Mixing from BaBar (2003)

We present the measurements of the CKM matrix parameters V{sub ub}, V{sub cb} and of the B mixing oscillation frequency with the BaBar experiment at the asymmetric B-factory PEPII. Data were collected in the years 2000-2002 and the total available statistics corresponds to 91 fb{sup -1}. The V{sub ub}, V{sub cb} measurements utilize both inclusive and exclusive semileptonic decays of the B meson. The {Delta}m{sub d} parameter is measured by using the time evolution of the B, determined from the flight length difference between the two B mesons.
Sodium/iodide‐symporter: distribution in different mammals and role in entero‐thyroid circulation of iodide (2002)

The localization of NIS varies slightly among mammals. To establish expression of NIS in a particular cell type the need to correlate the presence of both NIS protein by immunocytochemistry and NIS mRNA by in situ hybridization is emphasized. An entero-thyroidal circulation of iodide mediated principally by gastric NIS, but possibly also by NIS in salivary glands is suggested.
Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3, an Estrogen- and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacterium (2016)

Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3, isolated from the active sludge of a wastewater treatment plant in China, can utilize a series of environmental estrogens and estrogen-like toxicants. Here, we report its whole-genome sequence, containing one circular chromosome and one circular plasmid. Genes involved in estrogen biodegradation in this bacterium were predicted.
Commonalities between the Atacama Desert and Antarctica rhizosphere microbial communities (2023)

Plant-microbiota interactions have significant effects on plant growth, health, and productivity. Rhizosphere microorganisms are involved in processes that promote physiological responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. In recent years, the interest in microorganisms to improve plant productivity has increased, mainly aiming to find promising strains to overcome the impact of climate change on crops. In this work, we hypothesize that given the desertic environment of the Antarctic and the Atacama Desert, different plant species inhabiting these areas might share microbial taxa with functions associated with desiccation and drought stress tolerance. Therefore, in this study, we described and compared the composition of the rhizobacterial community associated with <i>Deschampsia antarctica</i> (Da), <i>Colobanthus quitensis</i> (Cq) from Antarctic territories, and <i>Croton chilensis</i> (Cc), <i>Eulychnia iquiquensis</i> (Ei) and <i>Nicotiana solanifolia</i> (Ns) from coastal Atacama Desert environments by using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. In addition, we evaluated the putative functions of that rhizobacterial community that are likely involved in nutrient acquisition and stress tolerance of these plants. Even though each plant microbial rhizosphere presents a unique taxonomic pattern of 3,019 different sequences, the distribution at the genus level showed a core microbiome with a higher abundance of <i>Haliangium, Bryobacter, Bacillus</i>, MND1 from the <i>Nitrosomonadaceae</i> family, and unclassified taxa from <i>Gemmatiamonadaceae</i> and <i>Chitinophagaceae</i> families in the rhizosphere of all samples analyzed (781 unique sequences). In addition, species <i>Gemmatirosa kalamazoonesis</i> and <i>Solibacter usitatus</i> were shared by the core microbiome of both Antarctic and Desert plants. All the taxa mentioned above had been previously associated with beneficial effects in plants. Also, this microbial core composition converged with the functional prediction related to survival under harsh conditions, including chemoheterotrophy, ureolysis, phototrophy, nitrogen fixation, and chitinolysis. Therefore, this study provides relevant information for the exploration of rhizospheric microorganisms from plants in extreme conditions of the Atacama Desert and Antarctic as promising plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.
Inspection and characterization of flexo-printing plates (2013)

In continuation of last year’s paper on distorting optics for inspection of 2 1/2D surfaces with convex or elevated elements - like braille paper and other special printing products - the present paper is dedicated to the quality control and characterization of flexo-printing plates. The need for high optical resolution contradicts the need for depth of field. A rugged optical system for gathering a series of microscopic images at various planes of focus is discussed.
Evolution of Service Provider Behaviors via Network-Based Analysis (2007)

Developing solutions for future air transportation architectures requires an understanding of the behaviors and dynamics that drive the system. When viewed in a network modeling context, this understanding is crystallized in the ability to project topology changes of individual service providers. Such changes are the result of complicated decision-making processes. However, the research reported in this p aper seeks to determine whether network topology measures studied over time provide clues t o the particulars of air transportation network evolution. Data describing the service netw ork evolution from 1990-2005 of four major US airlines is studied. Measures of network c ohesiveness (clustering coefficient) and nodal importance (eigenvector centrality) are found to correlate with the character of network evolution. Further investigations needs to focus on the interrelation between these measures as well as other externalities. Ultimately , this line of research seeks to exploit the aggregate structure uncovered by network topology analysis to better forecast dynamics in future air transportation networks.
Fabrication and Characterization of Completely Biodegradable Copolyester–Chitosan Blends: I. Spectroscopic and Thermal Characterization (2016)

Summary Chitosan was prepared from shells of locally available fresh water prawns with variation of sodium hydroxide concentration and reaction time. The biopolymer was melt‐mixed with a commercially available biodegradable polymer, the poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT). The chitosan and blend films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting point of the materials remained unchanged implying complete incompatibility of the blend components. Kinetic study showed that activation energy of the degradation process, i.e., thermal stability of the blends, decreased with increasing chitosan content in the blends. As the thermal properties of all the samples were found to be identical, it can be concluded that there was no effect of the added chitosan on the crystallization and melting behavior of the PBAT. These findings support the notion of the absence of interactions among the blend components. The rate of biodegradation was found to be higher in blends compared to pure PBAT polymer.
Multifunctional nanovectors based on magnetic nanoparticles coupled with biological vesicles or synthetic liposomes (2011)

The combination of synthetic liposomes or cell-derived biological vesicles with magnetic nanoparticles creates multifunctional nanovectors with promising potential for diagnosis and therapy. First, the magnetic properties exported from the nanoparticles to the vesicles make them efficient tracers for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and mediators for therapeutic magnetic hyperthermia. Second, the vesicles are magnetic and can be manipulated by an external magnet. This ‘action at a distance’, opens up many applications involving the induced magnetic mobility, from magnetically promoted cell internalisation to magnetic targeting in vivo. Finally, due to their vesicular structure enabling drug encapsulation, the magnetic vesicles are considered as drug delivery systems.
PDGFRs are critical for PI3K/Akt activation and negatively regulated by mTOR (2007)

The receptor tyrosine kinase/PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (RTK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway is frequently altered in tumors. Inactivating mutations of either the TSC1 or the TSC2 tumor-suppressor genes cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a benign tumor syndrome in which there is both hyperactivation of mTOR and inhibition of RTK/PI3K/Akt signaling, partially due to reduced PDGFR expression. We report here that activation of PI3K or Akt, or deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) also suppresses PDGFR expression. This was a direct effect of mTOR activation, since rapamycin restored PDGFR expression and PDGF-sensitive Akt activation in Tsc1-/- and Tsc2-/- cells. Akt activation in response to EGF in Tsc2-/- cells was also reduced. Furthermore, Akt activation in response to each of EGF, IGF, and PMA was reduced in cells lacking both PDGFRalpha and PDGFRbeta, implying a role for PDGFR in transmission of growth signals downstream of these stimuli. Consistent with the reduction in PI3K/Akt signaling, in a nude mouse model both Tsc1-/- and Tsc2-/- cells had reduced tumorigenic potential in comparison to control cells, which was enhanced by expression of either active Akt or PDGFRbeta. In conclusion, PDGFR is a major target of negative feedback regulation in cells with activated mTOR, which limits the growth potential of TSC tumors.
Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering in Chinese adults (2016)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the most prevalent and debilitating disease affecting the Chinese population, we aim to provide the latest nationwide estimates on the prevalence of main CVD risk factors. Using a complex, multistage, probability sampling design, a cross-sectional study was performed in a nationally representative sample of 17,708 adults aged 45 years and older from 28 provinces in 2011–2012. Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of subjects having 1, 2, 3, or ≥ 4 of the 5 risk factors was 30.5%, 29.8%, 19.7%, and 7.4%, respectively. The prevalence of being dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, current smoking, and overweight or obese was 62.6%, 39.9%, 18.7%, 27.5%, and 32.6%, respectively. Clustering of CVD risk factors was a high health burden in the Chinese middle aged and elderly population. These results underscore the need for strategies aimed at the prevention, detection, and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors to reduce morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease.
Type III hyperlipoproteinemia and spontaneous atherosclerosis in mice resulting from gene replacement of mouse Apoe with human Apoe*2. (1998)

To study isoform-specific effects of apolipoprotein E (apoE) in vivo, we generated mice with a human APOE*2 allele in place of the mouse Apoe gene via targeted gene replacement in embryonic stem cells. Mice expressing human apoE2 (2/2) have virtually all the characteristics of type III hyperlipoproteinemia. Their plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are both twice to three times those in (normolipidemic) mice that are expressing human apoE3 (3/3) made in an identical manner. The 2/2 mice are markedly defective in clearing beta-migrating VLDL particles, and spontaneously develop atherosclerotic plaques, even on a regular diet. An atherogenic diet, high in fat and cholesterol, exacerbates development of atherosclerosis and xanthomas in the 2/2 mice. Thus, comparisons between the 2/2 and 3/3 mice unequivocally demonstrate that a single amino acid difference (Arg158 Cys) in the apoE protein is sufficient to cause type III HLP and spontaneous atherosclerosis in mice.
A New High-sensitivity Organic Photoconductor for Electrophotography (1971)

A new organic photoconductor has been developed, consisting essentially of a 1:1 molar ratio of one molecule of 2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) to one monomer unit of poly-N-vinylcarbazole (PVCz). This photoconductor (1:1 TPC) is nearly panchromatic in the visible range of the spectrum and has a white-light sensitivity approximately equal to that of amorphous selenium when used for electrostatic imaging. The photosensitivity, which is due mainly to the TNF-PVCz complex, is greater for negative corona charging than for positive charging. Charge acceptance of the 1:1 TPC is high, ≈1200 volts for a 13 µm film, indicating good dielectric strength. Dark decay of the charge is affected by substrate materials and substrate surface conditions. In general dark decay is slower for negative charging than for positive charging. Quantum efficiency (Q.E.) is nominally about 0.15 in the range of 400 to 500 nm but decreases somewhat for shorter and longer wavelengths. The Q.E. increases rather markedly with field strength, but decreases somewhat at high light intensities. Field-controlled photogeneration of carriers is indicated, and thermal measurements show a field-dependent activation energy in the range of 0.06 to 0.20 eV. The absence of residual potentials in light decay curves and the lack of a thickness effect in photodischarge currents indicate that no deep traps are present in the 1:1 TPC layers.
Analysis of harmonic influence by high-speed electric railway's connection with power grid (2017)

Influence brought by continuous increase of high-speed railway&apos;s traction load on power grid becomes more and more serious with the development of high-speed electric railway. In this study, it establishes traction load&apos;s static polynomial harmonic model so as to conduct harmonic flow calculation, by which it conducts quantitative and qualitative analysis of influence brought by different work conditions of supply arm and increase of traction load on the three indexes injected into the power grid, namely, the third harmonic current, public connecting point&apos;s third voltage containing rate and public connecting point&apos;s voltage distortion rate. Based on overall distortion rate of the public connecting point that firstly exceeds the limit, it obtains the traction load&apos;s critical value of the required restraining measures. Besides, it also analyses the influence brought by the invested filtering device on total distortion rate and on the maximum bearing traction load in the traction station.
John Jackson (1892)

Journal Article John Jackson Get access M. Phipps Jackson M. Phipps Jackson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s8-I, Issue 19, 7 May 1892, Page 381, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s8-I.19.381c Published: 07 May 1892