gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A single center evaluation of the Collaborative Transplant Study (CTS) DNA project (1996)

Abstract Historical HLA class II serological typing results of transplantations performed in “The Leuven Collaborative Group for Transplantation” were subjected to retrospective Restriction Fragment Length Polymorfism (RFLP) DNA control typing by the Collaborative Transplant Study (CTS) DNA project using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based DNA methods, We re-evaluated the serology/ RFLP-discrepant CTS DNA data for our local patients transplanted during a historical period (January 1988 until May 1992) before any class II DNA typing was performed in our tissue typing laboratory. These retyping results confirm both the CTS data for patient typing and the Eurotransplant data for donor typing. A confirmed high discrepancy rate of 19.0 % (after exclusion of 2.2 % transcription errors) was found in the patient population. A low discrepancy rate of 6.8 % (after exclusion of 2.2 % transcription errors) for the donor population is concordant with the Eurotransplant donor data. Only 4 of the 588 individuals were found to be incorrectly typed by the RFLP method; all involving the specificities DRB1*1102. This indicates that RFLP typing, as performed by the CTS DNA project, can be considered a valid, retrospective DNA typing system for the accurate interpretation of class II matching in organ transplantation. A second conclusion to be drawn from this study is the need for prospective DNA typing for kidney transplant recipients, as the discrepancy rate in this cohort is high. Our results suggest that with good quality serological HLA-DR typing, prospective donor DNA typing is not urgently needed.
Ozone Decomposition by a Manganese-Organic Framework over the Entire Humidity Range (2021)

Ground-level ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) is one of the main airborne pollutants detrimental to human health and ecosystems. However, the designed synthesis of high-performance O<sub>3</sub> elimination catalysts suitable for broadly variable air compositions, especially a variable water vapor content, remains daunting. Herein, we report a new manganese-based metal organic framework, [Mn<sub>3</sub>(μ<sub>3</sub>-OH)<sub>2</sub>(TTPE)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]·2H<sub>2</sub>O (H<sub>4</sub>TTPE = 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-(2<i>H</i>-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl) ethane), denoted as ZZU-281. ZZU-281 catalyzes O<sub>3</sub> decomposition with a nearly constant 100% working efficiency over the entire humidity range from dry (≤5% relative humidity (RH)) to high humidity (90% RH). We found that the maintainable coordinated water molecules and OH groups are activated by Mn<sup>2+</sup>, becoming active sites for O<sub>3</sub> transfer to O<sub>2</sub> with a low activation energy. The unique open channels, water retainability, and water stability of ZZU-281 further support the high catalytic performance. This work opens a new avenue for designing efficient catalysts for O<sub>3</sub> elimination in practice.
The rearrangement of bullvalene-palladium chloride complex (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe rearrangement of bullvalene-palladium chloride complexEdwin VedejsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 17, 4751–4752Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01019a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01019a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In silico prioritization of transporter-drug relationships from drug sensitivity screens (2018)

Abstract The interplay between drugs and cell metabolism is a key factor in determining both compound potency and toxicity. In particular, how and to what extent transmembrane transporters affect drug uptake and disposition is currently only partially understood. Most transporter proteins belong to two protein families: the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter family, whose members are often involved in xenobiotic efflux and drug resistance, and the large and heterogeneous family of Solute carriers (SLCs). We recently argued that SLCs are collectively a rather neglected gene group, with most of its members still poorly characterized, and thus likely to include many yet-to-be-discovered associations with drugs. We searched publicly available resources and literature to define the currently known set of drugs transported by ABCs or SLCs, which involved ~500 drugs and more than 100 transporters. In order to extend this set, we then mined the largest publicly available pharmacogenomics dataset, which involves approximately 1000 molecularly annotated cancer cell lines and their response to 265 chemical compounds, and used regularized linear regression models (Elastic Net, LASSO) to predict drug responses based on SLC and ABC data (expression levels, SNVs, CNVs). The most predictive models included both known and previously unidentified associations between drugs and transporters. To our knowledge, this represents the first application of regularized linear regression to this set of genes, providing an extensive prioritization of potentially pharmacologically interesting interactions.
A one-year prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, quadruple-blinded, phase II safety pilot trial of combination therapy with interferon beta-1a and mycophenolate mofetil in early relapsing—remitting multiple sclerosis (TIME MS) (2010)

The combination treatment regimen of interferon beta-1a and MMF appeared to be well tolerated in this pilot study. Despite the small sample size, therapeutic trends were observed in favor of combination therapy. An adequately powered controlled trial of MMF in MS appears warranted.
TOXICITY OF AQUEOUS-PHASE AND SUSPENDED PARTICLE-ASSOCIATED FENVALERATE: CHRONIC EFFECTS AFTER PULSE-DOSED EXPOSURE OF LIMNEPHILUS LUNATUS (TRICHOPTERA) (2001)

Non-point source pollution of agricultural surface waters via spray drift and runoff can lead to different short-term exposure scenarios: contamination with water-dissolved or particle-associated pesticide. To compare water-dissolved and particle-associated exposure, fenvalerate (FV) was tested in a 1-h exposure setup with suspended silt particles (5 g dry wt/L; total organic carbon = 3.2%). Chronic effects on the test organism Limnephilus lunatus Curtis (Trichoptera), second and third instar, were observed more than 240 d after transfer of larvae into an outdoor-stream microcosm with pesticide-free water. Significant-effect concentrations were 0.001 microgram/L in water and 0.2 microgram/kg in suspended sediments. Toxicity is lower in the presence of suspended particles by factors between 100 (using mortality and production of biomass as endpoints) and 10 (using emergence pattern and dry wt of adults as endpoints). Effect levels were generally lower than those in previous studies using older larval stages. The reduction of adult dry weight may diminish reproductive success. Aqueous-phase contamination caused lethal and sublethal effects at concentrations of FV that can be measured in the field. In contrast, levels of particle-associated FV that are relevant to the field situation elicited only sublethal responses in the present experiment. Results from this study suggest that short-term FV contamination at expected, field-relevant levels may lead to long-term effects even if the chemical is associated with suspended particles.
Plasmon scattering from holes: from single hole scattering to Young’s experiment (2014)

In this paper, the scattering of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) into photons at holes is investigated. A local, electrically excited source of SPPs using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) produces an outgoing circular plasmon wave on a thick (200 nm) gold film on glass containing holes of 250, 500 and 1000 nm diameter. Fourier plane images of the photons from hole-scattered plasmons show that the larger the hole diameter, the more directional the scattered radiation. These results are confirmed by a model where the hole is considered as a distribution of horizontal dipoles whose relative amplitudes, directions, and phases depend linearly on the local SPP electric field. An SPP-Young's experiment is also performed, where the STM-excited SPP wave is incident on a pair of 1 μm diameter holes in the thick gold film. The visibility of the resulting fringes in the Fourier plane is analyzed to show that the polarization of the electric field is maintained when SPPs scatter into photons. From this SPP-Young's experiment, an upper bound of ≈200 nm for the radius of this STM-excited source of surface plasmon polaritons is determined.
Time-Frequency Warped Waveforms for Well-Contained Massive Machine Type Communications (2023)

This paper proposes a novel time-frequency warped waveform for short symbols, massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and internet of things (IoT) applications. The waveform is composed of asymmetric raised cosine (RC) pulses to increase the signal containment in time and frequency domains. The waveform has low power tails in the time domain, hence better performance in the presence of delay spread and time offsets. The time-axis warping unitary transform is applied to control the waveform occupancy in time-frequency space and to compensate for the usage of high roll-off factor pulses at the symbol edges. The paper explains a step-by-step analysis for determining the roll-off factors profile and the warping functions. Gains are presented over the conventional Zero-tail Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (ZT-DFT-s-OFDM), and Cyclic prefix (CP) DFT-s-OFDM schemes in the simulations section.
Multiple scattering of EM waves by spheres part I--Multipole expansion and ray-optical solutions (1971)

Solution to the multiple scattering of electromagnetic (EM) waves by two arbitrary spheres has been pursued first by the multipole expansion method. Previous attempts at numerical solution have been thwarted by the complexity of the translational addition theorem. A new recursion relation is derived which reduces the computation effort by several orders of magnitude so that a quantitative analysis for spheres as large as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10\lambda</tex> in radius at a spacing as small as two spheres in contact becomes feasible. Simplification and approximation for various cases are also given. With the availability of exact solution, the usefulness of various approximate solutions can be determined quantitatively. For high frequencies, the ray-optical solution is given for two conducting spheres. In addition to the geometric and creeping wave rays pertaining to each sphere alone, there are rays that undergo multiple reflections, multiple creeps, and combinations of both, called the hybrid rays. Numerical results show that the ray-optical solution can be accurate for spheres as small as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda/4</tex> in radius is some cases. Despite some shortcomings, this approach provides much physical insight into the multiple scattering phenomena.
The effects of nitroxide structure upon 1H Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization efficacy at ultralow-field (2021)

The efficacy in <sup>1</sup>H Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization in liquids at ultralow magnetic field (ULF, B<sub>0</sub> = 92 ± 0.8 µT) and polarization field (B<sub>p</sub> = 1-10 mT) was studied for a broad variety of 26 different spin probes. Among others, piperidine, pyrrolidine, and pyrroline radicals specifically synthesized for this study, along with some well-established commercially available nitroxides, were investigated. Isotope-substituted variants, some sterically shielded reduction-resistant nitroxides, and some biradicals were included in the measurements. The maximal achievable enhancement, E<sub>max</sub>, and the radio frequency power, P<sub>1/2</sub>, needed for reaching E<sub>max</sub>/2 were measured. Physico-chemical features such as molecular weight, spectral linewidth, heterocyclic structure, different types of substituents, deuteration, and <sup>15</sup>N-labeling as well as the difference between monoradicals and biradicals were investigated. For the unmodified nitroxide radicals, the E<sub>max</sub> values correlate with the molecular weight. The P<sub>1/2</sub> values correlate with the spectral linewidth and are additionally influenced by the type of substituents neighboring the nitroxide group. The nitroxide biradicals with high intramolecular spin-spin coupling show low performance. Nitroxides enriched with <sup>15</sup>N and/or <sup>2</sup>H afford significantly higher |E<sub>max</sub>| and require lower power to do so, compared to their unmodified counterparts containing at natural abundance predominantly <sup>14</sup>N and <sup>1</sup>H. The results allow for a correlation of chemical features with physical hyperpolarization-related properties and indicate that small nitroxides with narrow spectral lines have clear advantages for the use in Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization experiments. Perdeuteration and <sup>15</sup>N-labeling can be used to additionally boost the spin probe performance.
Quantitative Determination of α-Arbutin, β-Arbutin and Hydroquinone from Viburnum, Arctostaphylos, Vaccinium, Pyrus and Ilex Species by HPLC-UV Method (2013)

Arbutin is a hydroquinone derivative with a glucose moiety at the para-position of a phenol molecule. β-Arbutin, in which the hydroxyl group at C-1 of glucose is equatorial, is commonly found in species of several plant families in nature [1]; α-arbutin (with axial orientation of the hydroxyl group at C-1 of glucose) is a biosynthetic or biotransformed isomer of β-arbutin. In cosmetic preparations, α- and β-arbutin are widely used to lighten the skin on the basis of studies that arbutin inhibited tyrosinase activity by interacting with copper ions at the active site [2]. However, β-arbutin can be hydrolyzed and release hydroquinone. In skin lightening applications, hydroquinone has been classified as unsafe for topical use because of high incidence of ochronosis and leukomelanoderma, and it has been banned for this use in the European Union.
Lowering outbound shipping costs in an online retail environment by making better fulfillment and replenishment decisions (2012)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2012.
A multi-layer restoration strategy for reconfigurable networks (2002)

The multi-layer restoration strategy (MRS) is an integrated solution for link, path and node failure restoration in SDH/SONET networks. Extension to circuit assignment is also straightforward. MRS consists of two parallel processes; for both pre-planned and real-time restoration. The pre-planned restoration process attempts to make connections along a preferred path to achieve extremely fast, low-contention, pre-optimised restoration. The real-time restoration process supplements this to ensure high restorability when the preferred route does not succeed in establishing a connection. By employing a distributed background route finder, MRS also offers both a means of network restorability assessment and distributed route optimisation.
Will It Float? Using Cylindrical Disks and Rods to Measure and Model Capillary Forces (2009)

The flotation of small polymer disks in lower-density liquids was studied. A disk or rod was placed in a clear container, and liquid was slowly added. The progression of liquid rising and ultimately floating or engulfing the rod was observed. It was found that the maximum rod length that would float on a given liquid decreased with increasing rod diameter. It was possible to float larger disks and rods by increasing the liquid surface tension or by decreasing the density difference between the liquid and the solid. A simple analytical model allowed the prediction of the maximum flotation length from material properties.
CAD on the World Wide Web (1999)

Article CAD on the World Wide Web: virtual assembly of furniture with BEAVER Share on Authors: Mathias Nousch Faculty of Technology, University of Bielefeld Faculty of Technology, University of BielefeldView Profile , Bernhard Jung Faculty of Technology, University of Bielefeld, PO Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany Faculty of Technology, University of Bielefeld, PO Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims VRML '99: Proceedings of the fourth symposium on Virtual reality modeling languageFebruary 1999 Pages 113–119https://doi.org/10.1145/299246.299283Online:23 February 1999Publication History 7citation500DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads500Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Observable Variations in Human Sex Ratio at Birth (2020)

Abstract The human sex ratio at birth (SRB), defined as the ratio between the number of newborn boys to the total number of newborns, is typically slightly greater than 1/2 (more boys than girls) and tends to vary across different geographical regions and time periods. In this large-scale study, we sought to validate previously-reported associations and test new hypotheses using statistical analysis of two very large datasets incorporating electronic medical records (EMRs). One of the datasets represents over half (∼150 million) of the US population for over 8 years (IBM Watson Health MarketScan insurance claims) while another covers the entire Swedish population (∼9 million) for over 30 years (the Swedish National Patient Register). After testing more than 100 hypotheses, we showed that neither dataset supported models in which the SRB changed seasonally or in response to variations in ambient temperature. However, increased levels of a diverse array of air and water pollutants, were associated with lower SRBs, including increased levels of industrial and agricultural activity, which served as proxies for water pollution. Moreover, some exogenous factors generally considered to be environmental toxins turned out to induce higher SRBs. Finally, we identified new factors with signals for either higher or lower SRBs. In all cases, the effect sizes were modest but highly statistically significant owing to the large sizes of the two datasets. We suggest that while it was unlikely that the associations have arisen from sex-specific selection mechanisms, they are still useful for the purpose of public health surveillance if they can be corroborated by empirical evidences. Author Summary The human sex ratio at birth (SRB), usually slightly greater than 1/2, have been reported to vary in response to a wide array of exogenous factors. In the literature, many such factors have been posited to be associated with higher or lower SRBs, but the studies conducted so far have focused on no more than a few factors at a time and used far smaller datasets, thus prone to generating spurious correlations. We performed a series of statistical tests on 2 large, country-wide health datasets representing the United States and Sweden to investigate associations between putative exogenous factors and the SRB, and were able to validate a set of previously-reported associations while also discovering new signals. We propose to interpret these results simply as public health indicators awaiting further empirical confirmation rather than as implicated in (adaptive) sexual selection mechanisms.
JAG: Reliable and Predictable Wireless Agreement under External Radio Interference (2012)

Wireless low-power transceivers used in sensor networks typically operate in unlicensed frequency bands that are subject to external radio interference caused by devices transmitting at much higher power. Communication protocols should therefore be designed to be robust against such interference. A critical building block of many protocols at all layers is agreement on a piece of information among a set of nodes. At the MAC layer, nodes may need to agree on a new time slot or frequency channel, at the application layer nodes may need to agree on handing over a leader role from one node to another. Message loss caused by interference may break agreement in two different ways: none of the nodes uses the new information (time slot, channel, leader) and sticks with the previous assignment, or - even worse - some nodes use the new information and some do not. This may lead to reduced performance or failures. In this paper, we investigate the problem of agreement under external radio interference and point out the limitations of traditional message-based approaches. We propose JAG, a novel protocol that uses jamming instead of message transmissions to make sure that two neighbouring nodes agree, and show that it outperforms message-based approaches in terms of agreement probability, energy consumption, and time-to-completion. We further show that JAG can be used to obtain performance guarantees and meet the requirements of applications with real-time constraints.
Bis(4,5‐dihydrooxazolyl) Derivatives in Asymmetric Catalysis (1991)

Ready accessibility and high structural variability make C2-symmetric nitrogencontaining chelating ligands such as 1–4 attractive as ligand systems for metalcatalyzed enantioselective synthesis. The work of Pfaltz et al. on the cyclopropanation of olefins and of Brunner et al. on the hydrosilylation of acetophenone has stimulated a flood of interest in this area. The primary goal is a better understanding of the chirality transfer due to the catalytically active species generated in situ from a metal salt and the ligand.