gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic caption generation for video data. Time alignment between caption and acoustic signal (1999)

This paper discusses automatic caption generation, and specifically focuses on correspondence between Japanese text and its speech data. This paper proposes the time alignment module implemented using DP matching and evaluates its performance. Optimizing weight and DP path, the caption display time gap between correct and estimated is less than 39.0 ms in the phoneme boundary. Effects of other speaker's phoneme templates and text phrase deletion are evaluated.
Field validation of the DNDC model for greenhouse gas emissions in East Asian cropping systems (2003)

Validations of the DeNitrification‐DeComposition (DNDC) model against field data sets of trace gases (CH 4 , N 2 O, and NO) emitted from cropping systems in Japan, China, and Thailand were conducted. The model‐simulated results were in agreement with seasonal N 2 O emissions from a lowland soil in Japan from 1995 to 2000 and seasonal CH 4 emissions from rice fields in China, but failed to simulate N 2 O and NO emissions from an Andisol in Japan as well as NO emissions from the lowland soil. Seasonal CH 4 emissions from rice cropping systems in Thailand were poorly simulated because of site‐specific soil conditions and rice variety. For all of the simulated cases, the model satisfactorily simulated annual variations of greenhouse gas emissions from cropping systems and effects of land management. However, discrepancies existed between the modeled and observed seasonal patterns of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions. By incorporating modifications based on the local soil properties and management, DNDC model could become a powerful tool for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from terrestrial ecosystems.
Effects of dietary supplementation of A3α-peptidoglycan on the growth, immune response and defence of sea cucumberApostichopus japonicus (2013)

To determine the effects of A3α-peptidoglycan (A3α-PG) extracted from Bifidobacterium sp. on the growth, immune response and disease resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, a 70-day feeding trial was conducted in this study. A total of 216 sea cucumbers were fed with four practical diets prepared from a commercial feed with different contents (0, 1.5, 2.5 and 4.0 g kg−1) of A3α-PG. The specific growth rate (SGR), total coelomocyte count (TCC), phagocytotic activity and activities of four immunological enzymes in both cell-free coelomic fluid (extracellular, EC) and coelomocyte lysate supernatant (intracellular, IC), including acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured at the end of the feeding trial. Finally, the animals were administered a 16-day Vibrio splendidus challenge via intraperitoneal injection to test the potency of A3α-PG on disease resistance. Compared with the control (0 g kg−1 A3α-PG), a significant increase (P < 0.05) in SGR was observed in the groups fed with 1.5 and 2.5 g kg−1 A3a-PG. The TCC, ranging from 7.25 × 106 to 1.05 × 107 cells mL−1, was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by A3α-PG,. Coelomocyte phagocytotic activities in all of the A3α-PG-supplemented groups were significantly activated (P < 0.05), but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed. Sea cucumbers fed with 1.5 and 2.5 g kg−1 A3α-PG exhibited significant activation (P < 0.05) of EC/IC-ACP, EC/IC-ALP, and EC/IC-POD activities. A significant increase in EC-SOD activities (P < 0.05) was exhibited by all groups with A3α-PG supplementation. The challenge test showed that animals fed with diets containing 2.5 and 4.0 g kg−1 A3α-PG had significantly lower cumulative mortalities compared with the control 16 days after exposure. All of the results presented here show that A3α-PG can positively enhance the growth, immune response and disease resistance of sea cucumber, suggesting that dietary supplementation of A3α-PG has potential applications in the health management of economic species of sea cucumber.
Synthesis, characterisation, and thermal conductivity of resorcinol - formaldehyde aerogel (2001)

Resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) organic aerogels were synthesised by sol-gel processing and supercritical carbon dioxide drying over a wide range of processing conditions. The thermal conductivity was measured by a transient hot-wire method for aerogels prepared at various conditions. In general, the thermal conductivity of RF aerogels tends to decrease with decreasing density. When the density of RF aerogels is lower than 67 kg m(-3), the thermal conductivity tends to increase. The RF aerogel obtained by a resorcinol/catalyst (R/C) ratio of 300 shows a lower thermal conductivity compared to other R/C ratios. With respect to low thermal conductivity, we found that the R/C ratio is one of the most important process variables. The aerogel prepared by an R/C ratio of 300 and a density of 67 kg m(-3) shows a lower thermal conductivity than those obtained by other conditions.
Laboratory Evaluation and Analysis of Physical Shale Inhibition of an Innovative Water-Based Drilling Fluid with Nanoparticles for Drilling Unconventional Shales (2012)

Abstract Although key shale gas plays vary considerably in terms of reservoir pressure, temperature, mineralogy, and in-situ stresses, the principal drilling-related issues are wellbore stability, shale inhibition, hole cleaning and rate of penetration. Because many of the shale reservoirs are in either environmentally sensitive or densely populated areas, stricter environmental regulations will require new types of environment-friendly water-based drilling fluids. The traditional shale inhibition method through either chemical inhibition or use of invert emulsion drilling fluid is not enough to satisfy the stricter environmental requirements. This paper focuses on the lab techniques and the performance results of evaluating and analyzing an innovative water-based drilling fluid system containing nanoparticles as a physical shale inhibitor. The physical shale inhibition is achieved by plugging the pores and microfractures in shale with nanoparticles and thus preventing water invasion into the shale. A series of transient pressure penetration or flow-through tests, also known as shale membrane efficiency tests, were performed to evaluate water invasion rates into various shale core samples, with initial brine permeabilities varying from less than 1 nD to over 100,000 nD. Permeability reduction was used as a proxy of water invasion reduction and the effectiveness of plugging of pores and microfractures in shale by the nanoparticles. Many orders of permeability reduction were consistently observed for the drilling fluids with nanoparticles. Pressure increases in the near-wellbore region due to water invasion during a given time also were analytically calculated using the permeabilities for various fluids which were interpreted from these transient flow-through tests. These pressure increases then were compared to illustrate the approximate impact depth of water invasion and give an indication of shale stability and shale inhibition performance of these drilling fluid systems. Test results and pressure increase analyses showed that this new water-based drilling fluid with nanoparticles provides an entirely different type of shale inhibition by physically plugging pores and microfractures in shale and meets the strictest environmental regulations for shale gas drilling. The tests also showed that although nanoparticles alone may be effective in preventing water invasion into shale samples with no microfractures, the combination of properly formulated drilling fluid and nanoparticles of appropriate size and concentration is the key to prevent water invasion into shale gas core samples with or without microfractures.
A Modified Regeneration Method for Streptomycete Protoplasts (1981)

Journal Article A Modified Regeneration Method for Streptomycete Protoplasts Get access Toyohiro Shirahama, Toyohiro Shirahama Department of Antibiotics, National Institute of Health, Kamiohsaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tamotsu Furumai, Tamotsu Furumai Department of Antibiotics, National Institute of Health, Kamiohsaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masanori Okanishi Masanori Okanishi Department of Antibiotics, National Institute of Health, Kamiohsaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 5, 1 May 1981, Pages 1271–1273, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864691 Published: 01 May 1981 Article history Received: 01 September 1980 Published: 01 May 1981
Ultrafast carrier generation in Bi1-xSbx thin films induced by intense monocycle terahertz pulses (2019)

Using terahertz-pump and terahertz-probe spectroscopy, we investigated terahertz-induced carrier generation processes in Bi 1- x Sb x thin films. The field dependence of the terahertz-induced transmittance change indicates distinct nonlinearity related to the Zener tunneling in narrow band-gap materials.
THE ADDITION OF ORGANOMAGNESIUM HALIDES TO PSEUDOCODEINE TYPES. IV. NUCLEAR-SUBSTITUTED MORPHINE DERIVATIVES* (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ADDITION OF ORGANOMAGNESIUM HALIDES TO PSEUDOCODEINE TYPES. IV. NUCLEAR-SUBSTITUTED MORPHINE DERIVATIVES*LYNDON SMALL, S. GRAEME TURNBULL, and HOWARD M. FITCHCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1938, 03, 3, 204–232Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01220a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01220a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views233Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Resveratrol trimer enhances gene delivery to hematopoietic stem cells by reducing antiviral restriction at endosomes (2019)

Therapeutic gene delivery to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) holds great potential as a life-saving treatment of monogenic, oncologic, and infectious diseases. However, clinical gene therapy is severely limited by intrinsic HSC resistance to modification with lentiviral vectors (LVs), thus requiring high doses or repeat LV administration to achieve therapeutic gene correction. Here we show that temporary coapplication of the cyclic resveratrol trimer caraphenol A enhances LV gene delivery efficiency to human and nonhuman primate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with integrating and nonintegrating LVs. Although significant ex vivo, this effect was most dramatically observed in human lineages derived from HSCs transplanted into immunodeficient mice. We further show that caraphenol A relieves restriction of LV transduction by altering the levels of interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins IFITM2 and IFITM3 and their association with late endosomes, thus augmenting LV core endosomal escape. Caraphenol A-mediated IFITM downregulation did not alter the LV integration pattern or bias lineage differentiation. Taken together, these findings compellingly demonstrate that the pharmacologic modification of intrinsic immune restriction factors is a promising and nontoxic approach for improving LV-mediated gene therapy.
Ocular Surgery in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy (1980)

Patients with severe diabetic nephropathy often have diabetic retinopathy requiring eye surgery. During the course of their nephropathy, which was treated medically (group A, N = 34), with dialysis (group B, N = 18), or with renal transplantation (group C, N = 2), 54 diabetic patients have had eye surgery. The ophthalmologic procedures included cataract extraction, vitrectomy, scleral buckling, and cyclocryosurgery. The complications included postoperative hemorrhagic glaucoma and persistent retinal detachment. These were encountered in two patients of group A and in two of group B. All other cases showed uneventful intra- and postoperative courses. Major eye surgery can be performed safely during therapy for diabetic nephropathy, including hemodialysis with anticoagulation and transplantation with immunosuppression.
Systematic study of electron-phonon coupling to oxygen modes across the cuprates (2010)

The large variations in ${T}_{c}$ across the cuprate families is one of the major unsolved puzzles in condensed matter physics and is poorly understood. Although there appears to be a great deal of universality in the cuprates, several orders of magnitude changes in ${T}_{c}$ can be achieved through changes in the chemical composition and structure of the unit cell. In this paper we formulate a systematic examination of the variations in electron-phonon coupling to oxygen phonons in the cuprates, incorporating a number of effects arising from several aspects of chemical composition and doping across cuprate families. It is argued that the electron-phonon coupling is a very sensitive probe of the material-dependent variations in chemical structure, affecting the orbital character of the band crossing the Fermi level, the strength of local electric fields arising from structural-induced symmetry breaking, doping-dependent changes in the underlying band structure, and ionicity of the crystal governing the ability of the material to screen $c$-axis perturbations. Using electrostatic Ewald calculations and known experimental structural data, we establish a connection between the material's maximal ${T}_{c}$ at optimal doping and the strength of coupling to $c$-axis modes. We demonstrate that materials with the largest coupling to the out-of-phase bond-buckling $({B}_{1g})$ oxygen phonon branch also have the largest ${T}_{c}$'s. In light of this observation we present model ${T}_{c}$ calculations using a two-well model where phonons work in conjunction with a dominant pairing interaction, presumably due to spin fluctuations, indicating how phonons can generate sizeable enhancements to ${T}_{c}$ despite the relatively small coupling strengths. Combined, these results can provide a natural framework for understanding the doping and material dependence of ${T}_{c}$ across the cuprates.
Test set identification for improved delay defect coverage in the presence of statistical delays (2018)

Due to statistical gate delays, the critical probability of a testable path varies among its test patterns. Thus, the delay defect coverage of a selected set of critical paths depends on the selected test set. A new framework to select a test set for improved delay defect coverage is presented. It uses an algorithm that computes the critical probability of a path by a test pattern and machine learning to identify a small test set that maximizes the combined delay defect coverage. Experimental results show a significant improvement in delay defect coverage over existing static critical path approach.
Enhanced proliferation and osteocalcin production by human osteoblast-like MG63 cells on silicon nitride ceramic discs (1999)

The biocompatibility of silicon nitride (Si3N4) was assessed in an in vitro model using the human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell line. Cells were propagated on the surface of: reaction-bonded silicon nitride discs, sintered after reaction-bonded silicon nitride discs or control polystyrene surface for 48 h. Compared to cells propagated on polystyrene surface, cells grown on the surface of unpolished silicon nitride discs had significantly lower cell yield and decreased osteocalcin production. In contrast, cells on the surface of polished silicon nitride discs showed similar proliferative capacity to control cells propagated on polystyrene surface. Cells propagated on polished discs also produced higher levels of osteocalcin than cells on unpolished discs. SEM analysis showed cells with well-delineated morphology and cytoplasmic extensions when propagated on polished sintered after reaction-bonded discs. Cells appeared more spherical, when grown on polished reaction-bonded discs. The results of this study suggest that silicon nitride is a non-toxic, biocompatible ceramic surface for the propagation of functional human bone cells in vitro. Its high wear resistance and ability to support bone cell growth and metabolism make silicone nitride an attractive candidate for clinical application. Further studies are needed to explore the feasibility of using silicon nitride clinically as an orthopedic biomaterial.
Effects of Soy Protein Diet on the Expression of Adipose Genes and Plasma Adiponectin (2002)

Many studies have reported the cholesterol-lowering, anti-lipogenic, anti-obesity and anti-hypertensive effects of soy protein. Adipose tissue-specific plasma protein, adiponectin, has anti-atherogenic and anti-insulin-resistance properties. Here, we investigated the effects of soy protein diet on body fat composition, plasma glucose, lipid and adiponectin levels and expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism in obese KK-A y mice. Body weights and adipose tissue weights of mesenteric, epididymal, and brown fat were lower in mice on calorie-restricted diet containing soy protein isolate. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and glucose levels were also decreased by this diet. Body fat content and plasma glucose levels in mice on a soy protein isolate diet were still lower than those treated with an isocaloric casein-protein-diet. Among the genes related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism, adiponectin mRNA levels in adipose tissue and adiponectin plasma concentrations were elevated in mice on a calorie-restricted diet, although there were no significant differences between soy protein and casein protein groups. Our results indicate that that soy protein diet decreased body fat content and plasma glucose levels more effectively than isocaloric casein-protein diet in obese mice.
Gyógyszermaradványok felszíni vizekben (2018)

Klnbz gygyszerek s azok metabolitjai eltvoltst a szennyvztisztt zemekben ltalnosan alkalmazott mikrobiolgiai tiszttsi fokozat
STAT5-regulated microRNA-193b controls haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion by modulating cytokine receptor signalling (2015)

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) require the right composition of microRNAs (miR) for proper life-long balanced blood regeneration. Here we show a regulatory circuit that prevents excessive HSC self-renewal by upregulation of miR-193b upon self-renewal promoting thrombopoietin (TPO)-MPL-STAT5 signalling. In turn, miR-193b restricts cytokine signalling, by targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase c-KIT. We generated a miR-193b knockout mouse model to unravel the physiological function of miR-193b in haematopoiesis. MiR-193b(-/-) mice show a selective gradual enrichment of functional HSCs, which are fully competent in multilineage blood reconstitution upon transplantation. The absence of miR-193b causes an accelerated expansion of HSCs, without altering cell cycle or survival, but by decelerating differentiation. Conversely, ectopic miR-193b expression restricts long-term repopulating HSC expansion and blood reconstitution. MiR-193b-deficient haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells exhibit increased basal and cytokine-induced STAT5 and AKT signalling. This STAT5-induced microRNA provides a negative feedback for excessive signalling to restrict uncontrolled HSC expansion.
The Black–Scholes Model (1995)

We begin this chapter with a discussion of the concept of arbitrage, a concept which, in certain circumstances, allows us to establish precise relationships between prices and thence to determine them. We then discuss option strategies in general and use arbitrage, together with the model for asset price movements that we discussed in the previous chapter, to derive the celebrated Black–Scholes differential equation for the price of the simplest options, the so-called European vanilla options. We also discuss the boundary conditions to be satisfied by different types of option, and we set the scene for the derivation of explicit solutions. This chapter is fundam,ental to the whole subject of option pricing and should be read with care.
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC ISOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENIC HYDROCARBONS. XIV. EFFECT OF DRYING AND REACTION TEMPERATURE ON THE ISOMERIZATION OF DEUTERATED BUTENES OVER ALUMINA (1977)

Abstract Untersucht wird die Isomerisierung von (D,‐2,3)‐ und (D6‐l,4)‐cis‐Buten.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Opening Reaction of 2‐Amino‐4,5‐dihydro‐3‐furancarbonitriles with Carboxylic Acids under Solvent‐Free Conditions (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Lipase‐mediated synthesis of alkyl ricinoleates and 12‐hydroxy stearates and evaluation of the surfactant properties of their sulfated sodium salts (2005)

Abstract An efficient and simple lipase‐mediated synthesis of alkyl ricinoleates and 12‐hydroxy stearates was performed by transesterification of methyl ricinoleate/12‐hydroxy stearate and various alcohols in a solvent‐free system without estolide formation. The reaction conditions were optimized by varying the temperature, pressure, and dosage of lipase. Sulfates of alkyl ricinoleates/12‐hydroxy stearates were evaluated for surfactant properties such as surface tension, critical micelle concentration, emulsifying properties, foaming power, and calcium tolerance. The surfactant properties of sulfated alkyl ricinoleates were found to be superior to the sulfated alkyl 12‐hydroxy series. The surfactant properties of the above two series of compounds were then compared with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the properties of sulfated dodecyl ricinoleate and sulfated dodecyl 12‐hydroxy stearate were found to be comparable with sodium dodecyl sulfate.
A Study of the Hot-Pressure Welding of Steel (1969)

Hot-pressure-welding finds wide application in the manufacture of welded pipes. The procedure consists in first bending a so-called split-tube out of the strip and subsequently welding it. The welding itself takes place as hot-press-welding. The heated edges of the strip are compressed so well that they fuse with each other. What is therefore involved is 'Rigid State Welding'.
Pharmacogenetic Characteristics of Indinavir, Zidovudine, and Lamivudine Therapy in HIV-Infected Adults (2006)

Novel relationships were identified among genetic variants in drug transporters and indinavir, lamivudine-triphosphate, and zidovudine-triphosphate concentrations. CYP3A5 expression was associated with faster indinavir oral clearance. These pilot data provide a scientific basis for more rational utilization of antiretroviral drugs.