gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2014: Alternative splicing is a frequent event in mouse PTEN-deficient prostate cancer (2016)

Abstract Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains an incurable disease and presents a major challenge for the development of novel treatment strategies. Alternative splicing occurs as a common natural phenomenon and promotes diversity, however, cancer-related alternative splicing events have been shown to contribute to disease progression and promote therapeutic escape. In prostate cancer, key genes required for normal biological function are frequently alternatively spliced resulting in altered phenotypes. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting the alternative splicing machinery are being developed and tested. Here, characterized the conditional PTEN-deficient mouse model of prostate cancer to determine its relevancy as preclinical tool for the development and efficacy determination of novel therapeutic strategies targeting aberrant alternative splicing. For this, we used the Affymetrix GeneChip mouse transcriptome assay to perform comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of normal prostate tissue and PTEN-deficient castration-naïve, castration-sensitive (4 weeks post-castration), and castration-resistant (10 weeks post-castration) prostate cancers. Clustering analysis revealed genes enriched with the functions involved in mRNA splicing and processing in mice with prostate tumors. Moreover, alternative splicing events were more prevalent in castration-sensitive tumors (&amp;gt;2.5-fold) compared to castration-naïve and castration resistant tumors. Exon skipping (cassette exon), was the most common splicing event observed in all conditions. Additionally, alternative splicing was observed in several genes frequently associated with human prostate cancer including CD44, AR, p53, Bcl2l1 and Klf6 among others. Collectively, our data shows that alternative mRNA splicing is a frequent event in mouse PTEN-deficient prostate cancer and supports a role for alternative splicing dysregulation and the pathogenesis of the disease. Furthermore, this mouse model may also provide a suitable platform to study current therapeutic approaches targeting alternative splicing. Citation Format: Marco A. De Velasco, Yurie Kura, Kazuko Sakai, Yoshihiko Fujita, Yosuke Togashi, Masato Terashima, Kazuhiro Yoshikawa, Kazuto Nishio, Hirotsugu Uemura. Alternative splicing is a frequent event in mouse PTEN-deficient prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2014.
Versatile mass spectrometric inlet system for high boiling liquid samples and for thermoanalysis of nonvolatile materials (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVersatile mass spectrometric inlet system for high boiling liquid samples and for thermoanalysis of nonvolatile materialsJacob. Shen and M. P. T. BradleyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 14, 2291–2292Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50008a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50008a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Three-dimensional Structure of Guanylyl Cyclase Activating Protein-2, a Calcium-sensitive Modulator of Photoreceptor Guanylyl Cyclases (1999)

Guanylyl cyclase activating protein-2 (GCAP-2) is a Ca2+-sensitive regulator of phototransduction in retinal photoreceptor cells. GCAP-2 activates retinal guanylyl cyclases at low Ca2+ concentration (<100 nM) and inhibits them at high Ca2+ (>500 nM). The light-induced lowering of the Ca2+ level from approximately 500 nM in the dark to approximately 50 nM following illumination is known to play a key role in visual recovery and adaptation. We report here the three-dimensional structure of unmyristoylated GCAP-2 with three bound Ca2+ ions as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of recombinant, isotopically labeled protein. GCAP-2 contains four EF-hand motifs arranged in a compact tandem array like that seen previously in recoverin. The root mean square deviation of the main chain atoms in the EF-hand regions is 2.2 A in comparing the Ca2+-bound structures of GCAP-2 and recoverin. EF-1, as in recoverin, does not bind calcium because it contains a disabling Cys-Pro sequence. GCAP-2 differs from recoverin in that the calcium ion binds to EF-4 in addition to EF-2 and EF-3. A prominent exposed patch of hydrophobic residues formed by EF-1 and EF-2 (Leu24, Trp27, Phe31, Phe45, Phe48, Phe49, Tyr81, Val82, Leu85, and Leu89) may serve as a target-binding site for the transmission of calcium signals to guanylyl cyclase.
Acoustic measurements above a plate carrying Lamb waves (2016)

This article presents a set of acoustic measurements conducted on the Statoil funded Behind Casing Logging Set-Up, designed by SINTEF Petroleum Research to resemble an oil well casing. A set of simple simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics were also conducted and the results compared with the measurements. The experiments consists of measuring the pressure wave radiated of a set of Lamb waves propagating in a 3 mm thick steel plate, using the so called pitch-catch method. The Lamb waves were excited by a broadband piezoelectric immersion transducer with center frequency of 1 MHz. Through measurements and analysis the group velocity of the fastest mode in the plate was found to be 3138.5 m/s. Measuring the wave radiated into the water in a grid consisting of 8x33 measuring points, the spreading of the plate wave normal to the direction of propagation was investigated. Comparing the point where the amplitude had decreased 50 % relative to the amplitude measured at the axis pointing straight forward from the transducer shows that the wave spread out 3.2 mm after propagating 140 mm in the plate.
Effects of Social Isolation on Ehrlich Tumor Growth and Tumor Leukocyte Infiltration in Mice: Evidence of Participation of the Submaxillary Salivary Gland (2001)

A possible link between salivary gland factors, tumor growth and TIL patterns was considered, suggesting that growth factors may modulate tumor leukocyte infiltration as well as tumor growth rate.
Mid-urethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017)

Mid-urethral sling operations have been the most extensively researched surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women and have a good safety profile. Irrespective of the routes traversed, they are highly effective in the short and medium term, and accruing evidence demonstrates their effectiveness in the long term. This review illustrates their positive impact on improving the quality of life of women with SUI. However, a brief economic commentary (BEC) identified three studies suggesting that transobturator may be more cost-effective compared with retropubic. Fewer adverse events occur with employment of a transobturator approach with the exception of groin pain. When comparing transobturator techniques of a medial-to-lateral versus a lateral-to-medial insertion, there is no evidence to support the use of one approach over the other. However, a bottom-to-top route was more effective than top-to-bottom route for retropubic tapes.A salient point illustrated throughout this review is the need for reporting of longer-term outcome data from the numerous existing trials. This would substantially increase the evidence base and provide clarification regarding uncertainties about long-term effectiveness and adverse event profile.
SpineNetV2: Automated Detection, Labelling and Radiological Grading Of Clinical MR Scans (2022)

This technical report presents SpineNetV2, an automated tool which: (i) detects and labels vertebral bodies in clinical spinal magnetic resonance (MR) scans across a range of commonly used sequences; and (ii) performs radiological grading of lumbar intervertebral discs in T2-weighted scans for a range of common degenerative changes. SpineNetV2 improves over the original SpineNet software in two ways: (1) The vertebral body detection stage is significantly faster, more accurate and works across a range of fields-of-view (as opposed to just lumbar scans). (2) Radiological grading adopts a more powerful architecture, adding several new grading schemes without loss in performance. A demo of the software is available at the project website: http://zeus.robots.ox.ac.uk/spinenet2/.
Psychological contract and employee attitudes (2018)

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the Chinese employment relationship under the framework of psychological contracts. The authors explored the effects of firm ownership (in terms of state-owned and private enterprises) and employment type (in terms of permanent and temporary employees) on employee perceptions of psychological contract. In addition, the associations between fulfilled psychological contract and various dimensions of employee attitudes were examined. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted a questionnaire as the primary instrument to investigate the impact of firm ownership and employment type on psychological contract perceptions and outcomes. The analysis was based on a Chinese sample of a size of 363 employees. Findings The results indicate that state-owned employees overall reported fewer promises (employer under-obligation promised psychological contract), while private employees tended to have more promises (mutual high obligation, employer over-obligation and quasi-spot obligation promise-based psychological contract). Permanent employees reported high fulfillment (employer over-obligation, mutual high obligation and employer under-obligation fulfilled psychological contract). In contrast, temporary employees presented many promises (mutual high obligation promised psychological contract) and low fulfillment (quasi-spot fulfilled psychological contract). In general, firm ownership had weak effects on permanent and temporary employees’ perceptions of promise-based psychological contract, but no significant influence on fulfillment-based psychological contract. Moreover, psychological contract fulfillment was positively related to employees’ fairness perception and job satisfaction, while negatively related to the intention to quit. The authors failed to find comprehensive statistical support for the moderating effects of firm ownership or employment type. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature through a number of ways. First, instead of psychological contract breach, the authors use psychological contract fulfillment as a direct measure to examine the relationship between psychological contract and employees’ attitudes. Second, they investigate the effects of firm ownership on employment relationship under the psychological contract framework, enriching the institutional lens of the issue. Third, while majority of psychological contract studies concerning employment type concentrate on either permanent or temporary employees, the authors take both types into account. Fourth, they integrate perspectives of firm ownership and employment type. Finally, the authors perform the study in the Chinese context, which offers extra evidence to the body of psychological contract literature.
Truss waviness effects in cellular lattice structures (2007)

Methods have emerged for making metallic lattice structures either by the lay up of collinear wire arrays or by stacking woven textile meshes.The two fabrication routes result in similar lattice topologies: the collinear lattice has straight struts while those in the textile lattice are wavy.Wire waviness in the textile lattice results in a knockdown in both the stiffness and strength compared to the collinear lattice.Analytical estimates and finite element (FE) predictions of the through thickness compressive responses of collinear and textile lattices indicate that the stiffness and strength of lattices oriented to form a diamond structure are specimen aspect ratio dependent.By contrast, the stiffness of the collinear and textile lattices oriented to form a square structure is independent of both specimen aspect ratio and height while the strength depends on the sandwich height.Experimental measurements on specimens fabricated from 304L stainless steel are in good qualitative agreement with the elastic ideally-plastic analytical estimates while FE predictions incorporating the full strain hardening response of the parent material give accurate quantitative predictions of the measurements.
MIMO-UWB Systems with Parallel Interference Canceller Using Timing Control Scheme in LOS Environments (2007)

The UWB-IR (ultra wideband-impulse radio) technology and MIMO system have attracted interest for next generation high rate radio communications. The authors researched IMO-UWB systems using the FDE (frequency domain equalization) technique with the MMSE spatial filtering technique. The UWB system will be used in short range wireless transmissions. Then, we usually have line-of-sight (LOS) environments in the MIMO-UWB systems. The authors conducted propagation measurement and evaluated the transmission performance of MIMO-UWB systems in LOS environments. Then, the authors proposed a timing control scheme for performance improvement. SIC (successive interference canceller) and PIC (parallel interference canceller) are known as better signal separation techniques in MIMO systems. In these techniques, the authors obtain diversity gain subtracting the data detected by a spatial filtering technique from the received signal. Therefore, we can achieve better signal separation performance by the diversity gain. The authors found that the timing control scheme is also needed for the SIC and PIC techniques in LOS MIMO-UWB environments by bit error rate (BER) evaluation. In this paper, the authors show the signal separation performance applying the SIC and PIC techniques with the timing control scheme in LOS environments.
Activation of blood T lymphocytes down-regulates CXCR4 expression and interferes with propagation of X4 HIV strains (1998)

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 serves as a coreceptor for HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells, in particular for strains emerging late in the infection. Cell surface expression of CXCR4 has, therefore, important implications for HIV-1 pathogenesis. Using blood lymphocytes cultured under various conditions, we studied the expression and regulation of CXCR4. Flow cytometry showed that only about 20% of freshly isolated lymphocytes expressed CXCR4 on the cell surface whereas in 80% of resting blood lymphocytes CXCR4 was located intracellularly. Within a few hours in culture, the intracellular CXCR4 was translocated to the surface and was expressed in the large majority of both naive and memory lymphocytes. A decrease in surface expression of CXCR4 was found when lymphocytes cultured overnight for maximal receptor expression were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, anti-CD3 antibodies, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and stromal cell-derived factor-1. The superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A, a more selective stimulus, induced a marked decrease in CXCR4 expression preferentially in cells positive for the CD25 activation marker. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated the presence of CXCR4 in the cytosol and on the surface of resting lymphocytes and also showed CXCR4 redistribution after activation. The number of cells infected by the X4 HIV strain NL4.3 paralleled the expression of CXCR4 in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Sustained reduction of CXCR4 cell surface expression upon activation with phytohemagglutinin correlated with a low number of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing HIV p24 gag antigen. Our results indicate that activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes reduces surface expression of CXCR4 in part by receptor internalization and that cell activation-dependent CXCR4 down-regulation limits spread of infection by X4 viruses.
Formation of Irregular Giant Peroxisomes by Overproduction of the Crystalloid Core Protein Methanol Oxidase in the Methylotrophic Yeast Hansenula polymorpha (1989)

The crystalloid core in peroxisomes of the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha is composed of the octameric flavoprotein methanol oxidase (MOX). We transformed yeast cells with a high-copy-number vector harboring the cloned MOX gene in order to study the effects on regulation, protein import, and peroxisome biosynthesis. In transformed wild-type cells, no increase in expression of MOX was detectable. Mutants defective in MOX activity were isolated by a specific selection procedure. Two structural MOX mutants are described that allow overproduction of a fully active enzyme upon transformation at quantities of about two-thirds of the total cellular protein. The overproduced protein was imported into peroxisomes, altering their morphology (in thin sections) and stability in cell lysates; the organelles showed a tendency to form rectangular bodies, and their lumina were completely filled with the crystalloid structure. The overall size of the peroxisomes was increased severalfold in comparison with the size of nontransformed yeast cells. The results suggest high capacities of peroxisomal growth conferred by overproduction and import of a single protein.
Learning agile and dynamic motor skills for legged robots (2019)

Legged robots pose one of the greatest challenges in robotics. Dynamic and agile maneuvers of animals cannot be imitated by existing methods that are crafted by humans. A compelling alternative is reinforcement learning, which requires minimal craftsmanship and promotes the natural evolution of a control policy. However, so far, reinforcement learning research for legged robots is mainly limited to simulation, and only few and comparably simple examples have been deployed on real systems. The primary reason is that training with real robots, particularly with dynamically balancing systems, is complicated and expensive. In the present work, we introduce a method for training a neural network policy in simulation and transferring it to a state-of-the-art legged system, thereby leveraging fast, automated, and cost-effective data generation schemes. The approach is applied to the ANYmal robot, a sophisticated medium-dog-sized quadrupedal system. Using policies trained in simulation, the quadrupedal machine achieves locomotion skills that go beyond what had been achieved with prior methods: ANYmal is capable of precisely and energy-efficiently following high-level body velocity commands, running faster than before, and recovering from falling even in complex configurations.
Use of control analysis to study the regulation of plant lipid biosynthesis (2002)

Control analysis is a powerful method to quantify the regulation of metabolic pathways. We have applied it to lipid biosynthesis for the first time by using model tissue culture systems from the important oil crops, olive ( Olea europaea L.) and oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). By the use of top-down control analysis, fatty acid biosynthesis has been shown to exert more control than lipid assembly under different experimental conditions. However, both parts of the lipid biosynthetic pathway are important, so that attempts to alter oil yield by manipulating the activity of a single enzyme step are very unlikely to produce significant increases.
[NADH- and NADPH-dependent formation of superoxide radicals in liver nuclei]. (1989)

A method for the quantitation of the superoxide radical generation rate (V) in murine liver nuclei by the oxidation of 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine O2-. radicals with the formation of a stable nitroxyl radical recorded by the EPR method, has been developed. It was shown that NADP- and NADPH-dependent superoxide radical generation is suppressed by superoxide dismutase (approximately by 90%). The Km values for NADH and NADPH are 1.5 x 10(-6) and 4.4 x 10(-7) M, respectively; the maximal rate (0.2 nmol.min-1.mg protein-1) is equal for both substrates. Cyanide (greater than 2 mM) causes a practically complete inhibition of the O2-. generation by both substrates. It is suggested that there exists a single readily autooxidized site of O2-. generation by both substrates for NADH- and NADPH-dependent site of the electron transport chain in nuclear membranes.
Evaluation of some carbons to be used in a moving bed for simultaneous removal of SOx and NOx in flue gas. (1985)

Abilities for removal of SOx and NOx as well as mechanical strength of some carbon blacks, active cokes, active carbons, PAN-ACF and sponge coke were tested using three kinds of reactors to evaluate them as a moving bed material for the dry simultaneous removal of SOx and NOx in the flue gas. Among the carbons texted, PAN-ACF A and B activated with H2SO4 had the highest catalytic activities for NO-NH3 reaction in a circulating reactor. The three active cokes, BF, Mitsui A and B cokes, were tested using a midget reactor (10m3/h) by repeating the operations of NO reduction with NH3 at 150°C, SOx removal at 150°C, and SO2 recovery at 400°C. An enhancement of catalytic and adsorption activity, maintaning the enough mechanical strength for the moving bed, was observed after several cycles of these operations. The coke gained through the cycles of SO2 adsorption and desorption no sulfur but some oxygens, which appear to be related to the enhanced activity.A pilot plant of 1000m3/h was successfully operated with BF and Mitsui A cokes, which behaved as expected from the results obtained with a midget reactor. These results may indicate a practical application of a dry process for a simultaneous removal of SOx and NOx with active cokes in the moving bed. A better carbon such as PANACF which can be explored with ease by a circulating reactor can reduce the size and cost of the plant.
Antiproliferative actions of inhalational anesthetics: comparisons to the valproate teratogen (2000)

The antiproliferative potential of the volatile anesthetics isoflurane, enflurane and sevoflurane was determined and compared to the valproate teratogen. The in vitro system employed, a G1 phase proliferative arrest endpoint in C6 glioma, has served previously to discriminate agents with known teratogenic potential in vivo. Based on estimated IC(50) values that were within twice the estimated minimum aveolar concentration value, the rank antiproliferative potency of the inhalational anesthetics employed was isoflurane=enflurane>>sevoflurane. Flow cytometric analysis of growth-arrested cell populations failed to reveal specific accumulation in any cell cycle phase and the lack of a G1 phase-specific effect was confirmed by the absence of a transient, time-dependent sialylation event in synchronized cells. The antiproliferative mechanism of volatile anesthetics, and valproate, was mediated at hydrophobic binding sites, as increasing the hydration sphere of the drug-micelle complex, using the hygroscopic qualities of the dimethylsulfoxide vehicle, completely reversed this effect. Our findings suggest inhalational anesthetics lack the specific in vitro characteristics of the valproate teratogen.