gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Type of Series Load Resonant High Frequency Soft Switching Inverter with Phase Shift Control Scheme (2003)

The voltage source full bridge series load resonant high frequency soft switching inverter using pulse phaseshift modulation (PSM) strategy is proposed, which can operate ZVS in the left hand side bridge leg and ZCS in the right side bridge leg. This inverter using IGBTs employs two passive components and does not need any additional auxiliary circuit for the active power switch to achieve soft switching commutation, and it has wide soft switching operation region from full power to 3% light power. Furthermore, constant frequency power regulation that is required for induction-heating power applications is introduced on the basis of PSM. In this paper, steady state switching modes of the inverter treated here and its power regulation scheme by PSM are described under a soft switching scheme. Because the proposed inverter can operate at series resonant frequency of series resonant circuit under soft switching condition, it is easy to design the value of series resonant capacitor. The design methods of loss-less snubbing circuit components for soft switching are described to reduce switching losses effectively. The feasible experiment of the proposed inverter is implemented to demonstrate the power regulation performance of proposed high frequency inverter, high efficiency 97.6% at full power condition is obtained.
Modular effects of estradiol on ethanol-induced apoptosis in human intestinal epithelial cells (2005)

Ethanol-induced apoptosis was potentiated by physiological concentrations of estradiol, especially at the higher level which is found only in females. Our data suggest that enhanced ethanol-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in the presence of estradiol could cause greater intestinal permeability, which allows endotoxin to enter the circulation and eventually results in more severe ALD in females.
Central venous access sites for the prevention of venous thrombosis, stenosis and infection in patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy (2007)

Subclavian CVA is preferable to femoral CVA. Further trials of subclavian versus femoral or jugular CVA are needed. Research on the impact of catheter circumference on catheter-related complications is required.
UV‐cured pultrusion processing of glass‐reinforced polymer composites (1995)

Abstract A novel process was developed to adapt the pultrusion process to utilize radiation polymerization instead of thermal curing. Using UV‐light and a methacrylate‐based, 3‐D‐network copolymer matrix, 0.5 mm diameter round quartz‐fiber‐reinforced‐composite profiles were formed at a rate of 1.25 mm per second. Faster rates resulted in partial curing. Materials were produced with various amounts of reinforcement, and evaluated in tension and in three‐point bending. Mechanical properties varied linearly with fiber content, approaching the rule of mixtures.
Monotonic solution concepts in coevolution (2005)

Assume a coevolutionary algorithm capable of storing and utilizing all phenotypes discovered during its operation, for as long as it operates on a problem; that is, assume an algorithm with a monotonically increasing knowledge of the search space. We ask: If such an algorithm were to periodically report, over the course of its operation, the best solution found so far, would the quality of the solution reported by the algorithm improve monotonically over time? To answer this question, we construct a simple preference relation to reason about the goodness of different individual and composite phenotypic behaviors. We then show that whether the solutions reported by the coevolutionary algorithm improve monotonically with respect to this preference relation depends upon the solution concept implemented by the algorithm. We show that the solution concept implemented by the conventional coevolutionary algorithm does not guarantee monotonic improvement; in contrast, the game-theoretic solution concept of Nash equilibrium does guarantee monotonic improvement. Thus, this paper considers 1) whether global and objective metrics of goodness can be applied to coevolutionary problem domains (possibly with open-ended search spaces), and 2) whether coevolutionary algorithms can, in principle, optimize with respect to such metrics and find solutions to games of strategy.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT AT AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES (2014)

Modern processes of development of market relations in the Russian agribusiness allow to speak about the urgent need to select and implement an effective marketing strategy. The use of an effective marketing tool allows subjects of agriculture to adapt to ever-changing conditions of the external and internal environment. The necessity of develop and improve marketing strategy causes important to study. The author examines the factors, that must be considered when designing and implementing marketing strategy for enterprises. The article focuses on the study of the issue, concerning the definition of “marketing strategy” of agricultural enterprises. On the basis of the study, it is concluded, that marketing strategy combines elements of marketing as a complex. Basing on it, an enterprises realize their effective marketing activities, which are aimed to achieve marketing purposes. The authors systematized the main elements of marketing strategies of agricultural enterprises. According to the authors opinion, the developed marketing strategy will enable to improve the competitiveness of products and increase sales.&#x0D;
ALLOGRAFT TOLERANCE MEDIATING CD4+T CELLS DEPEND UPON INTERLEUKIN-5 (IL-5), NOT IL-4. (2008)

Hall, B; Plain, K; Nomura, M; Verma, N; Tran, G; Boyd, R; Robinson, C; Hodgkinson, S Author Information
Effect of Physical Training on the Carnosine Content of V-Lateralis Using a One-leg Training Model (2007)

While chronically trained sprinters and power athletes have up to 2 times the normal muscle carnosine (Carn) content, studies on the ability of acute training to increase muscle Carn have been ambivalent with two (16 and 12 wks training) showing no effect and one (8 wks) showing a doubling in content. Cam (p-AlaHis) can also be increased 60% or more by supplementation with β-alanine (β-Ala), which is the rate limiting substrate for synthesis. PURPOSE: To investigate in 2 studies, with different training modalities, the effect of β-Ala supplementation on muscle Carn synthesis during 4 wks using a one-leg training model. METHODS: Study a): 14 male Vietnamese PE students aged 20–26 yr participated in the study. Subjects were matched according to body-mass and initial strength, and randomised to receive [800mg] × 8/d × 4wks of β-Ala (Carnosyn™) or a matching placebo. Subjects trained isokinetically using one leg (T) 3/wk during weeks 1–2 and 4/wk during weeks 3–4. Each training session consisted of 10 × 10 maximum 90o isokinetic knee extension and flexion contractions @ 180o/s using a KinKom isokinetic dynamometer, with 1 min rest between bouts. The collateral leg was not trained (NT). Biopsies of the v. lateralis were taken at 0, 2 and 4 wks for analysis of Carn and taurine. Study b): a further 7 students of similar age, height and mass undertook a similar study but trained for 1 h/d, 5 d/wk for 4 wks undertaking 60 min of self-paced maximal cycling with one leg (T). The collateral leg was not trained (NT). Biopsies were taken at 0 and 4 wks. 4 subjects were supplemented with β-Ala; 3 with placebo. RESULTS: Study a): In those subjects supplemented with β-Ala, Carn increased 34.3 ±SE 13.5% (p<0.05) and 52.2 ± 10.7% (p<0.01) in T at 2 and 4 wks, and, 16.7 ± 6.4% (p<0.05) and 28.3 ± 11.2% (p<0.05) in NT. In the absence of β-Ala supplementation there was no change in Carn in either T or NT. Increase occurred in both type I & II muscle fibres. Tau did not change in any condition. Study b): The same trend occurred as in study a) with Carn increased with β-Ala supplementation at the end of 4 wks but no change even with training in the absence of supplementation. CONCLUSION: Carn was unchanged by 4 wks training alone but was increased when β-Ala supplementation was included. The change in Carn with training and supplementation appeared greater than with supplementation alone.
Trends in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder by Outpatient Psychiatrists (2002)

Despite important advances in the range of mood stabilizers available, the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder continues to be an area with substantial opportunity for quality improvement.
Whitelists Based Multiple Filtering Techniques in SCADA Sensor Networks (2014)

Internet of Things (IoT) consists of several tiny devices connected together to form a collaborative computing environment. Recently IoT technologies begin to merge with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) sensor networks to more efficiently gather and analyze real-time data from sensors in industrial environments. But SCADA sensor networks are becoming more and more vulnerable to cyber-attacks due to increased connectivity. To safely adopt IoT technologies in the SCADA environments, it is important to improve the security of SCADA sensor networks. In this paper we propose a multiple filtering technique based on whitelists to detect illegitimate packets. Our proposed system detects the traffic of network and application protocol attacks with a set of whitelists collected from normal traffic.
Printing a Wide Gamut of Saturated Structural Colors Using Binary Mixtures, With Applications in Anticounterfeiting (2020)

Use of colloidal suspensions to generate structural colors has the potential to reduce the use of toxic metals or organic pigments in inkjet printing, coatings, cosmetics, and other applications, and is a promising avenue to create large-scale nanostructures that produce long-lasting colors. However, expanded use of structural colors requires a reduction in coffee-ring effects during printing, which currently requires intricately patterned substrates or high particle concentrations, and diversification of colors to compete with conventional printing inks. Here, we treat substrate surfaces with cold plasma to facilitate spontaneous assembly of particles into colloidal nanostructures, reducing the need for highly concentrated particle suspensions. Moreover, by employing binary mixtures, we can tune the lightness of the hue produced or change the hue itself, allowing us to cover wider regions of color space. We demonstrate the use of this cold-plasma approach on a variety of substrates, favoring substrate diversity on which printing can be performed. This methodology enables creation of high-resolution, complex designs and opens a path for extending the limits of anticounterfeiting applications by using binary mixtures.
A Detailed Analysis of the Murine TAP Transporter Substrate Specificity (2008)

Comparisons to a previously constructed model of human TAP specificity confirms the well-established differences for peptide substrates with positively charged C-termini. In addition these comparisons show that several residues at the N-terminus of peptides which strongly influence binding to human TAP showed little effect on binding to murine TAP, and that the overall influence of the aminoterminal residues on peptide affinity for murine TAP is much lower than for the human transporter. Murine TAP also partly prefers different hydrophobic amino acids than human TAP in the carboxyterminal position. These species-dependent differences in specificity determined in vitro are shown to correlate with the epitope repertoire recognized in vivo. The quantitative model of binding specificity of murine TAP developed herein should be useful for interpreting epitope mapping and immunogenicity data obtained in humanized mouse models.
Predicting Housing Price Using Spatial Panel Data Models in Korea (2017)

본 연구의 목적은 패널자료를 이용해 공간계량경제모형인 공간자기회귀모형(Spatial Autoregressive Model:SAR), 공간오차모형(Spatial Errors Model:SEM), 일반공간모형(Spatial Lagged Term with Spatially Correlated Error Structure Model:SAC)과 공간더빈모형(spatial dubin model:SDM)을 적용해 어떤 모형의 주택가격 예측이 우수한지를 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구의 공간적 범위는 한국 15개 광역시·도로, 시간적 범위는 2011년 8월부터 2017년 3월까지로 설정하였다. 분석결과, SAR, SEM과 SAC모형에 비해 SDM모형의 R2값이 0.309, Log Likelihood값이 2468.605 가장 높게 나타났고 평균자승오차근(Root Mean Square Errors:RMSE)은 0.0065로 가장 낮게 나타나 SDM의 주택가격 예측력의 정확성이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. SDM 분석결과, 아파트전세가격지수 변동률과 소비자물가지수 변동률이 1% 증가하면 아파트매매가격지수 변동률은 각 0.402%와 0.421% 증가하였다. 주택소비심리지수 변동률과 주택거래량이 1% 증가하는 경우 각 0.017%와 0.003% 증가한 반면에 주택담보대출금과 미분양주택량이 1% 증가하면 아파트매매가격지수 변동률은 각각 0.002% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.
Multiscale Model for Photoinduced Molecular Motion in Azo Polymers (2009)

Light-induced isomerization processes in azobenzene-containing polymers produce mass transport that is of much interest for nanoscale imaging and lithography. Yet, despite the development of numerous models to simulate the mass transport mechanism, no model precisely describes all the experimental observations. We develop a new statistical approach that correctly reproduces light-driven mass motion in azobenzene-containing polymers with a high degree of accuracy. Comparisons with experiments show that our model predicts the nanoscale topographic modifications for many different incident field configurations, including optical near-fields produced by plasmonic structures with complex polarization states. In particular, the model allows the detailed molecular motions that lead to these topographic modifications to be identified.
Photooxidation of Sulfenic Acid Derivatives. 1. Sulfenamides. The Surprising Behavior of a New Class of Photooxidation Substrates (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotooxidation of Sulfenic Acid Derivatives. 1. Sulfenamides. The Surprising Behavior of a New Class of Photooxidation SubstratesEdward L. Clennan and Houwen ZhangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 2, 809–810Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00081a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00081a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A review of NO[sub x] control technologies for stationary sources (1993)

Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, regulated federally since 1970 under CAA's new source performance standards, are subject to increased regulation under the CAA Amendments. Title 1 of the Amendments, the non-attainment provisions, establishes guidance for controlling numerous pollutants, including VOCs and NOx, both ozone precursors. Under Title 1, states must promulgate reasonably available control technology (RACT) standards, based on EPA guidelines, to make progress toward achieving required air quality standards. Title 1 regulations are expected to be stringent, and all major emissions sources will be subject to regulation. EPA in 1990 estimated that electric utilities account for 60% of stationary-source NOx emissions, while the industrial sector is responsible for 27%. To date, regulations proposed by regional authorities set emissions limits below new source performance standards and the Amendments' Title IV standards.
Barefoot running survey: Evidence from the field (2014)

Running is becoming an increasingly popular activity among Americans with over 50 million participants. Running shoe research and technology has continued to advance with no decrease in overall running injury rates. A growing group of runners are making the choice to try the minimal or barefoot running styles of the pre-modern running shoe era. There is some evidence of decreased forces and torques on the lower extremities with barefoot running, but no clear data regarding how this corresponds with injuries. The purpose of this survey study was to examine factors related to performance and injury in runners who have tried barefoot running. The University of Virginia Center for Endurance Sport created a 10-question survey regarding barefoot running that was posted on a variety of running blogs and Facebook pages. Percentages were calculated for each question across all surveys. Five hundred and nine participants responded with over 93% of them incorporating some type of barefoot running into their weekly mileage. A majority of the participants (53%) viewed barefoot running as a training tool to improve specific aspects of their running. However, close to half (46%) viewed barefoot training as a viable alternative to shoes for logging their miles. A large portion of runners initially tried barefoot running due to the promise of improved efficiency (60%), an attempt to get past injury (53%) and/or the recent media hype around the practice (52%). A large majority (68%) of runners participating in the study experienced no new injuries after starting barefoot running. In fact, most respondents (69%) actually had their previous injuries go away after starting barefoot running. Runners responded that their previous knee (46%), foot (19%), ankle (17%), hip (14%), and low back (14%) injuries all proceeded to improve after starting barefoot running. Prior studies have found that barefoot running often changes biomechanics compared to shod running with a hypothesized relationship of decreased injuries. This paper reports the result of a survey of 509 runners. The results suggest that a large percentage of this sample of runners experienced benefits or no serious harm from transitioning to barefoot or minimal shoe running.
Carbamazepine for chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2014)

Carbamazepine is probably effective in some people with chronic neuropathic pain, but with caveats. No trial was longer than four weeks, had good reporting quality, nor used outcomes equivalent to substantial clinical benefit. In these circumstances, caution is needed in interpretation, and meaningful comparison with other interventions is not possible.
Boron in nuclear medicine: New synthetic approaches to PET and SPECT. Progress report, May 1, 1993--April 30, 1994 (1994)

New methods based on reactive organometallic precursors containing organic functional groups that are generally responsible for physiologic responses are being exploited for preparation of radiopharmaceutials. This program focuses on the design of new chemistry (molecular architecture) and technology as opposed to the application of known reactions to the synthesis of specific radiopharmaceutical. The new technology which is often based on organoborane chemistry is then utilized in nuclear medicine research at the UT Biomedical Imaging Center and in collaboration with colleagues at other DOE. facilities such as Brookhaven National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. New radiopharmaceutical are evaluated preclinically by colleagues at UT, Emory University and The University of Pennsylvania, and by Nova Screen.
Dermal hypoesthesia after total knee arthroplasty. (2000)

Dermal hypoesthesia is a well-recognized sequelae of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, it is poorly documented. Thirty-five knees were evaluated for hypoesthesia among 26 patients after TKA to determine the incidence, area affected, and change over time in situ. All knees sustained an area of hypoesthesia, showing diminution over time. All were affected lateral to the medial parapatellar incision. A 71% decline of the area affected was seen over the first 2 years after surgery. All patients had some residual hypoesthesia with a mean of 33 cm2 at 2 years.
Garnet-Type Fast Li-Ion Conductors with High Ionic Conductivities for All-Solid-State Batteries (2017)

All-solid-state Li-ion batteries with metallic Li anodes and solid electrolytes could offer superior energy density and safety over conventional Li-ion batteries. However, compared with organic liquid electrolytes, the low conductivity of solid electrolytes and large electrolyte/electrode interfacial resistance impede their practical application. Garnet-type Li-ion conducting oxides are among the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. In this work, the large-radius Rb is doped at the La site of cubic Li<sub>6.10</sub>Ga<sub>0.30</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> to enhance the Li-ion conductivity for the first time. The Li<sub>6.20</sub>Ga<sub>0.30</sub>La<sub>2.95</sub>Rb<sub>0.05</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> electrolyte exhibits a Li-ion conductivity of 1.62 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> at room temperature, which is the highest conductivity reported until now. All-solid-state Li-ion batteries are constructed from the electrolyte, metallic Li anode, and LiFePO<sub>4</sub> active cathode. The addition of Li(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>N electrolytic salt in the cathode effectively reduces the interfacial resistance, allowing for a high initial discharge capacity of 152 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> and good cycling stability with 110 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> retained after 20 cycles at a charge/discharge rate of 0.05 C at 60 °C.
A new public-domain program for mixed-signal simulation (2002)

A new public-domain simulator for mixed-signal circuits is described. The new simulator is very versatile, allowing the user to define new elements easily. The procedure adopted for simulation of circuits with both digital and analog elements is briefly discussed. Several simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the applications of the simulator. The simulator is expected to be particularly useful for engineering teachers in developing countries where access to expensive commercial mixed-signal simulators may be difficult.
Long-Duration Carbon Dioxide Anesthesia of Fish Using Ultra Fine (Nano-Scale) Bubbles (2016)

The high internal pressures and oxygen levels of the ultrafine bubbles enabled efficient oxygen diffusion across the branchia and permitted the organismal oxygen demands of individual anesthetized fish to be met. Thus, we demonstrated a method for safe, long-duration carbon dioxide anesthesia in living fish under normal water temperatures.