gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Navigation Using High-Frequency Ground Beacons and Ionosphere Model Corrections (2017)

A navigation concept is developed that relies on passive one-way ranging using pseudorange measurements of High-Frequency (HF) beacon signals. This concept is being developed as an alternative to GNSS positioning and timing services. HF signals are transmitted from ground-based beacons. If a set of signals reaches the user equipment receiver with sufficient geometric diversity, then the position and the clock offset of the receiver can be determined. Ionospheric modeling uncertainty causes errors in the deduced user equipment position and clock offset that are compensated for by estimating corrections to a parametric model of the ionosphere as part of the navigation solution. A batch filter estimates the user equipment position, clock offset, and corrections to an a priori ionosphere model. In simulated case studies involving significant errors in the a priori ionospheric parameters, the total positioning error is on the order of hundreds of meters in the horizontal plane and tens of meters vertically. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Navigation
Orthodontic relapse in dentitions with reduced periodontal support: an experimental study in dogs. (1979)

The purpose of the investigation was to assess whether supra-alveolar connective tissue formed following periodontal surgery carried out subsequent to orthodontic tooth movement is an effective barrier to relapse.

The experiments were carried out on five beagle dogs. At the start of the study (Day 0) the mandibular third premolars (3P and P3) were extracted and experimental periodontal breakdown was initiated around the lower fourth premolars (4P and P4) by placing cotton floss ligatures around the neck of the teeth.

After 180 days of plaque formation the cotton floss ligatures were removed. The diseased periodontal tissues around 4P were removed surgically and silver markers, serving as future reference points, were placed in the buccal bone plate close to the apex of the roots of 4P. At the same session amalgam fillings were placed in the buccal surface of the mesial and distal roots of 4P and P4. During the next 34 weeks (between Day 180 and Day 420), the dogs' teeth were brushed three times a week.

On Day 225 orthodontic appliances were inserted bilaterally to tip 4P and P4. Active orthodontic forces were used between Day 225 and Day 300. Between Day 300 and Day 360 the orthodontic appliances served as retainers for the moved teeth.

On Day 360 the periodontal tissues around P4 were removed surgically and silver reference points were placed into the bone as described earlier. On Day 360 the orthodontic appliances were removed. The dogs were sacrificed on Day 420.

The difference in position of 4P and P4 was measured on radiographs taken on days 300, 360 and 420 and it was found that (1) during the 'period of retention' the difference in position of 4P and P4 was close to zero and (2) during the ‘period of relapse’ the movement of 4P and P4 was small and the difference between the right and left jaws not significant.

The investigation demonstrated that no significant differences exist between supra-alveolar connective tissue formed prior to or after orthodontic tipping movements regarding the prevention of relapse.
Search for new antiplasmodial leads in the oleo-gum-resin of Boswellia serrata Roxb. (2017)

Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by pathogens of the genus Plasmodium that are transmitted by the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Worldwide this infectious disease caused almost 430,000 deaths in 2015 [1]. Despite some improvements in prevention and therapy, especially increasing drug resistances remain a big problem [2]. As part of our continued search for natural products with antiprotozoal activity, Indian frankincense, the oleo-gum-resin of Boswellia serrata (Burseraceae) showed activity against Plasmodium falciparum (NF54 strain) in vitro. Successive extraction with solvents of increasing polarity showed best results for the dichloromethane extract (IC50= 2.58 µg/ml). Bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of 22 compounds that were characterized by spectroscopic measurements. 17 compounds could be identified by comparison with literature data, three of which were obtained as natural products for the first time. The five remaining constituents were identified as rel-(1S,3R,7E,11S,12R)-1,12-epoxy-4-methylenecembr-7-ene-3,11-diol, 3-epi-neoilexonol, isoflindissol lactone, rel-(8R,9S,20R)-tirucall-24-ene-3β,20-diol and rel-(3α,8R,9S,20R,24S)-20,24-epoxytirucalla-3,25-diol. To the best of our knowledge, these compounds are not described in literature so far. All substances were tested for antiplasmodial activity in vitro using established protocols [3]. Isoflindissone lactone showed the best activity with an IC50 value of 2.1 ± 0.3µM.
3-Aryl-4-Isoquinolinone Derivatives An Efficient Oxidative Preparation (1997)

Abstract A comparative study of the oxidation of 3-aryl-4-hydroxytetrahydroisoquinolines has been carried out. A modification of the Jones conditions turn out to be the best methodology for the regioselective preparation of target 4-isoquinolinone derivatives.
Compliance with non-pharmacological recommendations and outcome in heart failure patients (2010)

Non-compliance with non-pharmacological recommendations in HF patients is associated with adverse outcome.
System-Level Analysis of Closed-Loop Power Control in the Uplink of DS-CDMA Cellular Networks (2007)

A system-level model for power control in the uplink of direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) cellular networks is presented. The model takes into account the effects of the closed loop, namely average transmit power rise, power headroom, and variable soft hand-off gains, which are not considered in existing power control models. The power control problem is analyzed in this setting, and a number of properties are derived which generalize results from the classical model without closed-loop effects. Based on this analysis, an algorithm is given that determines required transmit powers taking into account these effects. This algorithm is a generalization of classical iterative algorithms without closed-loop effects. Finally, simulation results are presented to assess the validity of the approach
High Frequency of Dysphoric Reactions to Tetrahydrocannabinol Among Depressed Patients (1974)

This study reports a high incidence of dysphoric reactions to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administered under double-blind conditions to a well-defined homogeneous population of hospitalized patients with unipolar depressive illness. Personality characteristics that might predispose patients to dysphoric reactions are examined and the implications of the effect of THC on the mood of depressed patients are discussed.
Poster: mmLeaf: Versatile Leaf Wetness Detection via mmWave Sensing (2023)

Leaf wetness detection is one of the key technologies for preventing plant diseases in agriculture. In this poster, we propose mmLeaf, leveraging a commercial off-the-shelf millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar to detect actual leaf wetness in diverse environments and lighting conditions. mmLeaf captures mmWave signals reflected by monitored leaves with a two-dimensional (2D) scanning system. Then, we use a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to reconstruct the signal distribution of different planes of the leaves. A deep learning model takes the fused signal distribution as inputs to classify the leaf wetness. We implement mmLeaf using a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar and evaluate its performance with a potted plant indoors. By exploring the use of mmWave signals, mmLeaf delivers an end-to-end detection framework that achieves up to 90% accuracy in classifying leaf wetness under different distances.
Structural Requirements of Adenovirus VAI RNA for Its Translation Enhancement Function (1985)

Recently, by genetic and biochemical approaches, it has been shown that adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection. To understand the nucleotide sequences and the domains of the VAI RNA that are responsible for the role of VAI RNA in enhancement of translation, a mutational analysis of the VAI gene was undertaken. Deletion, substitution, and insertion mutations covering most of the nucleotide sequences of VAI RNA were introduced into the VAI gene at the plasmid level. These mutant genes were then reintroduced into the virus, and growth properties of the mutant viruses were studied. The majority of the mutants retained normal or nearly normal levels of biological function. Mutations in the region between +43 and +53 and between +107 and the 3' end of the gene resulted in a considerable loss of activity. These mutants, however, grew significantly better than did an adenovirus type 5 mutant lacking both functional VAI and VAII genes, indicating that they retain a portion of their activity. Because no one mutation was able to completely abolish the function, we suggest that the VAI RNA may have multiple functional sites for its translation modulation function. These multiple sites may be short oligonucleotide sequences that may interact with cellular or viral components or both during translation.
Output distributions of recursive stack filters (1999)

In this letter, we provide a method for deriving the output distribution function of any recursive stack filter. In particular, we give the output distribution of the recursive median filter. The method used relies on finite automata and Markov chain theory. The distribution of any recursive stack filter is expressed as a vector multiplication of steady-state probabilities by the truth table vector of the Boolean function defining the filter.
Classifying scheduling policies with respect to unfairness in an M/GI/1 (2003)

It is common to evaluate scheduling policies based on their mean response times. Another important, but sometimes opposing, performance metric is a scheduling policy's fairness. For example, a policy that biases towards small job sizes so as to minimize mean response time may end up being unfair to large job sizes. In this paper we define three types of unfairness and demonstrate large classes of scheduling policies that fall into each type. We end with a discussion on which jobs are the ones being treated unfairly.
Achieving Airtight Ducts In Manufactured Housing (2004)

This Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC)\nstudy, conducted under the auspices of the U.S.\nDepartment of Energy's Building America\nIndustrialized Housing Partnership (BAIHP),\ncompares mastic sealed duct systems to tape sealed\nsystems by showing measured total duct leakage\n(CFM25TOTAL and QnTOTAL) and/or measured leakage to\nthe outside (CFM25OUT and QnOUT) in 190\nmanufactured home floors or home sections.\nAll manufacturers were considering or\nactively working toward achieving duct leakage\nbelow 3% of the conditioned floor area (QnOUT=0.03),\nconsistent with Energy Star Manufactured Homes\ncriteria.\nPrevious field tests suggest that CFM25OUT\naccounts for about half of CFM25TOTAL.\nThese data show that achieving\nCFM25TOTAL=6% during production was generally\ncorrelated with achieving CFM25OUT=3% in mastic\nsealed systems, but less reliably with taped systems.\nCost for achieving duct tightness goals range from $4\nto $8 including duct testing on the assembly line
Performance of Developed Driving Simulator With Full Vehicle Model of Multibody Dynamics (2001)

Abstract In this paper, the authors propose to apply the full vehicle model of multibody dynamics to driving simulator with 6 degrees of freedom motion system. By this proposal, the characteristics of driving simulator become very similar to the actual automobiles. It becomes possible to predict the performance of vehicle dynamics and the riding comfort by feeling test without prototyping automobile. To realize real-time calculation that is necessary for driving simulator, the authors proposed approximated real-time analysis method. By this method, real-time vehicle analysis of 2 ms step time of numerical integration is achieved with 91 degrees of freedom vehicle model.
Self-verifying names for read-only named data (2012)

Information-centric networks must ensure the authenticity and integrity of named data. ICN designs such as Content-Centric Networking apply a digital signature to a collection of packets for this purpose. This paper shifts the mode of ICN authentication: Self-verifying names ensure data authenticity for read-only named data; signatures or other means ensure name authenticity. The paper considers how self-verifying names might be used in CCN.
Products made from nonmetallic materials reclaimed from waste printed circuit boards (2007)

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are in all electronic equipment, so with the sharp increase of electronic waste, the recovery of PCB components has become a critical research field. This paper presents a study of the reclaimation and reuse of nonmetallic materials recovered from waste PCBs. Mechanical processes, such as crushing, milling, and separation, were used to process waste PCBs. Nonmetallic materials in the PCBs were separated using density-based separation with separation rates in excess of 950/0. The recovered nonmetals were used to make models, construction materials, composite boards, sewer grates, and amusement park boats. The PCB nonmetal products have better mechanical characteristics and durability than traditional materials and fillers. The flexural strength of the PCB nonmetallic material composite boards is 30% greater than that of standard products. Products derived from PCB waste processing have been brought into industrial production. The study shows that PCB nonmetals can be reused in profitable and environmentally friendly ways.
A Gait-Powered Autologous Battery Charging System for Artificial Organs (1995)

The quality of life of patients relying on electrically powered artificial organs is currently restricted by the limited energy availability provided by portable batteries. As these patients become increasingly ambulatory, and are developing more active lifestyles, this limitation grows more apparent. Coincidentally, these patients may themselves be capable of generating electrical power as a consequence of their physical activity. Extraction of this latent autologous energy could, in turn, be used to augment charging of internal batteries--thus untethering the patient from external power for extended periods of time. In this study, the viability of deriving energy associated with natural human ambulation has been evaluated. The kinematic components of gait were evaluated to identify the largest useful forces and moments that may be harnessed as an energy source, while presenting minimal "perceived" work for the patient. It was found that the ground reaction forces associated with the heel strike and toe-off phases of the gait represent the greatest potential for usable energy. This study uses a piezoelectric array within the midsole of the shoe for the conversion of mechanical to electric energy. This power could then be easily coupled in tandem with existing transcutaneous transformers for augmenting or temporarily replacing external power sources.
True Real-Time Change Data Capture with Web Service Database Encapsulation (2010)

This research is investigating the claim that Change Data Capture (CDC) technologies capture data changes in real-time. Based on theory, our hypothesis states that real-time CDC is not achievable with traditional approaches (log scanning, triggers and timestamps). Traditional approaches to CDC require a resource to be polled, which prevents true real-time CDC. We propose an approach to CDC that encapsulates the data source with a set of web services. These web services will propagate the changes to the targets and eliminate the need for polling. Additionally we propose a framework for CDC technologies that allow changes to flow from source to target. This paper discusses current CDC technologies and presents the theory about why they are unable to deliver changes in real-time. Following, we discuss our web service approach to CDC and accompanying framework, explaining how they can produce real-time CDC. The paper concludes with a discussion on the research required to investigate the real-time capabilities of CDC technologies.
Ion Transport through Perforated Graphene (2018)

We investigated the dependence of ion transport through perforated graphene on the concentrations of the working ionic solutions. We performed our measurements using three salt solutions, namely, KCl, LiCl, and K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. At low concentrations, we observed a high membrane potential for each solution while for higher concentrations we found three different potentials corresponding to the respective diffusion potentials. We demonstrate that our graphene membrane, which has only a single layer of atoms, showed a very similar trend in membrane potential as compared to dense ion-exchange membranes with finite width. The behavior is well explained by Teorell, Meyer, and Sievers (TMS) theory, which is based on the Nernst-Planck equation and electroneutrality in the membrane. The slight overprediction of the theoretical Donnan potential can arise due to possible nonidealities and surface charge regulation effects.
σ-Donor versus η6-π-Arene Interactions in Monomeric Europium(II) and Ytterbium(II) Thiolates − An Experimental and Computational Study (2001)

The base-free, hydrocarbon-soluble complexes M(SAr*)2 (4a: M = Eu, orange; 4b: M = Yb, purple; Ar* = 2,6-Trip2C6H3; Trip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2) have been prepared by a protolysis reaction of the Grignard-analogous compound RLnI (R = 2-F3CC6H4) with HSAr*. Compound 4b has been characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, 1H, 13C, and 171Yb NMR, IR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. Additionally, the purple YbIII complex YbI2(SAr*)(THF)3 (3) and the yellow DME adduct Yb(SAr*)2(dme)2 (5) have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The solid-state structures of 4a and 4b (as THF or benzene hemisolvates) show monomeric units with the metal atom bonded to two terminal thiolate ligands [av. M−S: 281.7 pm (4a)/269.1 pm (4b)]. Additional η6-π-arene interactions are observed to two C6H2 rings of the Trip substituents [av. M···C: 306.5 pm (4a)/297.3 pm (4b)]. The binding energy for these interactions has been determined by variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy to be 54.3 kJ mol−1 (in methylcyclohexane) and 57.1 kJ mol−1 (in toluene). The nature and strength of the η6-π-arene bonding has been studied by ab initio calculations on the model systems [M(arene)]2+ (arene = C6H6, C6F6, 1,3,5-Me3C6H3, 1,3,5-iPr3C6H3) and Yb(SH)2(C6H6)n (n = 1, 2). The results are compared with the binding energies in the σ-donor adducts [M(THF)]2+, [M(dme)]2+, and [M(imidazol-2-ylidene)]2+.
Purification and Characterization of Rat Brain Transglutaminase (1995)

Transglutaminase (TGase) catalyzes an acyl-transfer reaction between peptidyl glutamine residues and primary amines including the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in protein. TGase in the neuronal system has been suggested to be involved in neurotransmitter release, long-term potentiation, and so forth. In order to study the mammalian brain TGase at the molecular level, TGase was purified to apparent homogeneity from Sprague-Dawley rat brain, using DEAE ion exchange, and heparin and alpha-casein affinity column chromatographies. The brain TGase was concentrated 11,400-fold and had a specific activity of 11,000 nmol/h/mg protein. The purified protein migrated on SDS-PAGE to a position corresponding to a molecular size of approximately 75 kDa. The brain TGase activity was Ca(2+)-dependent (EC50 approximately 0.28 mM), and its Km values for putrescine and N,N-dimethylcasein were 0.26 and 0.065 mM, respectively. GTP inhibited the brain enzyme activity 100-fold more potently than ATP did, and the enzyme was photolabeled with [alpha-32P]8-azido-GTP, suggesting that the brain TGase is a member of the GTP-binding protein family. Monoiodo-acetate and cystamine potently inhibited the enzyme activity, suggesting that cysteine residue(s) are essential for brain TGase. Zn2+ inhibited the enzyme, while Mg2+ was not inhibitory. The rat brain TGase reacted only weakly with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against tissue-type TGase such as guinea pig liver TGase and human red blood cell TGase, while it did not react with antibodies against non-tissue types of TGase, namely human epidermal TGase and human coagulation factor XIIIa. The results suggest that rat brain TGase shares major characteristics with tissue-type TGase, but is nevertheless distinct from tissue-type TGase.
Site-directed Mutagenesis of the Calcium-binding Site of Blood Coagulation Factor XIIIa (1999)

Blood coagulation factor XIIIa is a calcium-dependent enzyme that covalently ligates fibrin molecules during blood coagulation. X-ray crystallography studies identified a major calcium-binding site involving Asp(438), Ala(457), Glu(485), and Glu(490). We mutated two glutamic acid residues (Glu(485) and Glu(490)) and three aspartic acid residues (Asp(472), Asp(476), and Asp(479)) that are in close proximity. Alanine substitution mutants of these residues were constructed, expressed, and purified from Escherichia coli. The K(act) values for calcium ions increased by 3-, 8-, and 21-fold for E485A, E490A, and E485A,E490A, respectively. In addition, susceptibility to proteolysis was increased by 4-, 9-, and 10-fold for E485A, E490A, and E485A,E490A, respectively. Aspartic acids 472, 476, and 479 are not involved directly in calcium binding since the K(act) values were not changed by mutagenesis. However, Asp(476) and Asp(479) are involved in regulating the conformation for exposure of the secondary thrombin cleavage site. This study provides biochemical evidence that Glu(485) and Glu(490) are Ca(2+)-binding ligands that regulate catalysis. The binding of calcium ion to this site protects the molecule from proteolysis. Furthermore, Asp(476) and Asp(479) play a role in modulating calcium-dependent conformational changes that cause factor XIIIa to switch from a protease-sensitive to a protease-resistant molecule.
On the Development of Commercial Expert Systems (1984)

We use our experience with the Dipmeter Advisor system for well-log interpretation as a case study to examine the development of commercial expert system. We discuss the nature of these systems as we see them in the coming decade, characteristics of the evolution process, development methods, and skills required in the development team. We argue that the tools and ideas of rapid prototyping and successive refinement accelerate the development process. We note that different types of people are required at different stages of expert system development: Those who are primarily knowledgeable in the domain, but who can use the framework to expand the domain knowledge; and those who can actually design and build expert systems. Finally, we discuss the problem of technology transfer and compare our experience with some of the traditional wisdom of expert system development.