gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activated Neutrophils Induce Hyperpermeability and Phosphorylation of Adherens Junction Proteins in Coronary Venular Endothelial Cells (1999)

The endothelial adherens junction is formed by complexes of transmembrane adhesive proteins, of which beta-catenin is known to connect the junctional protein vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin to the cytoskeleton and to play a signaling role in the regulation of junction-cytoskeleton interaction. In this study, we investigated the effect of neutrophil activation on endothelial monolayer integrity and on beta-catenin and VE-cadherin modification. Treatment of cultured bovine coronary endothelial monolayers with C5a-activated neutrophils resulted in an increase in permeability as measured by albumin clearance across the monolayer. Furthermore, large scale intercellular gap formation was observed in coincidence with the hyperpermeability response. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that beta-catenin and VE-cadherin staining changed from a uniform distribution along the membrane of control cells to a diffuse pattern for both proteins and finger-like projections for beta-catenin in neutrophil-exposed monolayers. Correlatively, there was an increase in actin stress fiber formation in treated cells. Finally, beta-catenin and VE-cadherin from neutrophil-treated endothelial cells showed a significant increase in tyrosine phosphorylation. Our results are the first to link neutrophil-mediated changes in adherens junctions with intercellular gap formation and hyperpermeability in microvascular endothelial cells. These data suggest that neutrophils may regulate endothelial barrier function through a process conferring conformational changes to beta-catenin and VE-cadherin.
Preparation and Reactions of Sodium Tetraethylboron and Related Compounds1 (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of Sodium Tetraethylboron and Related Compounds1Julian B. Honeycutt Jr. and James M. RiddleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 2, 369–373Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01463a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01463a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
System-Level Performance Estimation of a Pulse Detonation Based Hybrid Engine (2007)

A key application for a Pulse detonation engine concept is envisioned as a hybrid engine, which replaces the combustor in a conventional gas turbine with a pulse detonation combustor (PDC). A limit-cycle model, based on quasi-unsteady computational fluid dynamics simulations, was developed to estimate the performance of a pressure-rise PDC in a hybrid engine to power a subsonic engine core. The parametric space considered for simulations of the PDC operation includes the mechanical compression or the flight conditions that determine the inlet pressure and the inlet temperature conditions, fill fraction, and purge fraction. The PDC cycle process time scales, including the overall operating frequency, were determined via limit-cycle simulations. The methodology for the estimation of the performance of the PDC considers the unsteady effects of PDC operation. These metrics include a ratio of time-averaged exit total pressure to inlet total pressure and a ratio of mass-averaged exit total enthalpy to inlet total enthalpy. This information can be presented as a performance map for the PDC, which was then integrated into a system-level cycle analysis model, using GATECYCLE, to estimate the propulsive performance of the hybrid engine. Three different analyses were performed. The first was a validation of the model against published data for a specific impulse. The second examined the performance of a PDC versus a traditional Brayton cycle for a fixed combustor exit temperature; the results show an increased efficiency of the PDC relative to the Brayton cycle. The third analysis performed was a detailed parametric study of varying engine conditions to examine the performance of the hybrid engine. The analysis has shown that increasing the purge fraction, which can reduce the overall PDC exit temperature, can simultaneously provide small increases in the overall system efficiency.
The phase reversal effect of a fiber Bragg grating and its application to optical switches (2003)

Abstract We propose an interferometer‐type multistate optical switch and an interferometer‐type digital performance switch using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and the phase reversal effect. The effect is a reversing phenomenon of optical phase difference between the reflected and transmitted light from an FBG on a reflectivity spectrum dip between the main reflection band and first sideband. By combining this effect and reflectivity change, the multistate switch including only a single FBG can perform as a four‐state switch. In this paper we describe the principle of the phase reversal effect and some novel optical switch structures, and also the results of experimental examination. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 143(3): 38–48, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10136
Gating-associated conformational changes in the mechanosensitive channel MscL (2008)

Bacterial cells avoid lysis in response to hypoosmotic shock through the opening of the mechanosensitive channel MscL. Upon channel opening, MscL is thought to expand in the plane of the membrane and form a large pore with an estimated diameter of 3-4 nm. Here, we set out to analyze the closed and open structure of cell-free MscL. To this end, we characterized the function and structure of wild-type MscL and a mutant form of the protein (G22N MscL) that spontaneously adopts an open substate. Patch-clamp analysis of MscL that had been reconstituted into liposomes revealed that wild-type MscL was activated only by mechanical stimuli, whereas G22N MscL displayed spontaneous opening to the open substate. In accord with these results, Ca(2+) influx into G22N MscL-containing liposomes occurred in the absence of mechanical stimulation. The electrophoretic migration of chemically cross-linked G22N MscL was slower than that of cross-linked wild-type MscL, suggesting that G22N MscL is in an expanded form. Finally, electron microscopy using low-angle rotary shadowing revealed the presence of a pore at the center of G22N MscL. No pore could be detected in wild-type MscL. However, wild-type MscL possessed a protrusion at one end, which was absent in G22N MscL. The deletion of carboxyl-terminal 27 residues resulted in the loss of protrusion and proper multimerization. The structures of wild-type and G22N MscL reveal that the opening of MscL is accompanied by the dissociation of a carboxyl-terminal protrusion and pore formation.
Cryopreservation of Spermatozoa in Assisted Reproduction (2002)

Spermatozoa were the first cells to be cryopreserved over 50 years ago, following the serendipitous discovery of the cryoprotective compound glycerol. This pioneering work was followed by the introduction of a series of other cryoprotectant chemicals referred to collectively as cryoprotective agents. Glycerol has been widely used in the cryopreservation of bull and human spermatozoa, although results are still highly variable across species as well as among individuals within a species. Recently, significant information has been gained with regard to the fundamental cryobiology of several mammalian species' spermatozoa that can be used to reduce this variability and develop improved methods for cryopreservation. In this concise review, we will discuss the fundamental cryobiology of cells in general and of mammalian spermatozoa in particular.
Rapid Review (2020)

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, there has been concern regarding the use of ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents by COVID-19 infected patients. Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs) are structurally similar and have anti-inflammatory functions that resemble those of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Since 5-ASAs are a mainstay treatment for inflammatory bowel disease, the authors review the pharmacology of both classes of drugs and discuss the potential relevance of 5-ASAs in the ongoing discussion of medication use in patients infected with COVID-19.
The Omega Key Management Service. (1996)

In this paper we introduce \\Omega\\Gamma a distributed public key management service for open networks.\\Omega offers interfaces by which clients can register, retrieve, and revoke public keys, and escrow, use (to decrypt messages), and recover private keys, all of which can be subjected to access control policy. \\Omega is built using multiple servers in a way that ensures its correct operation despite the malicious corruption of fewer than one-third of its component servers. We describe the design of \\Omega\\Gamma the protocols underlying its operation, performance in our present implementation, and an experimental application of the service. 1 Introduction Key management remains the primary obstacle to the wide-scale use of cryptography. While numerous approaches to key management have been proposed for specific application domains, in our opinion few exhibit sufficient power and flexibility to support the full range of applications emerging today. Solutions relying on an off-line cert...
ChemInform Abstract: New Triterpenes from Trichocereus pachanoi. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multipactor saturation due to space-charge-induced debunching (1997)

As the multipactor charge builds up, the mutual repulsion overtakes the focusing effect of the rf interaction, and the thin charge ribbon formed during the initial buildup expands into a wide band. Two synergistic effects lead to saturation (a) first, spreading of the impact phases into the region where the vacuum rf retards emission (b) later, and field reversal in the front end of the bunch due to the space-charge field, regardless of the rf phase. The effective secondary yield under opposing field is zero regardless of impact energy. Steady state is achieved when the ensemble-average yield δ drops to unity. The spreads in the impact energy are less important; impacts under reversed field cause saturation even at constant (independent of impact energy) secondary yield. The bunch breakup threshold is identified from bunch stability theory. It is found that near saturation both one-surface and two-surface cascades take place simultaneously; particle orbits alternate between one- and two-surface multipactors until they are finally lost to unfavorable phase/reversed field impacts. The possibility of saturation with a tight bunch, before breakup, is also discussed.
Review and Analysis of Molecular Simulations of Methane, Hydrogen, and Acetylene Storage in Metal–Organic Frameworks (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTReview and Analysis of Molecular Simulations of Methane, Hydrogen, and Acetylene Storage in Metal–Organic FrameworksRachel B. Getman, Youn-Sang Bae, Christopher E. Wilmer, and Randall Q. Snurr*View Author Information Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 2, 703–723Publication Date (Web):December 21, 2011Publication History Received13 June 2011Published online21 December 2011Published inissue 8 February 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr200217chttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr200217creview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19414Altmetric-Citations1065LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adsorption,Hydrocarbons,Metal organic frameworks,Metals,Molecular mechanics Get e-Alerts
4-Oxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid: hydrogen bonding in the monohydrate of a δ-keto acid (2004)

The title monohydrate, C(7)H(10)O(3).H(2)O, aggregates as a complex hydrogen-bonding network, in which the water molecule accepts a hydrogen bond from the carboxyl group of one molecule and donates hydrogen bonds to ketone and carboxyl C=O functions in two additional molecules, yielding a sheet-like structure of parallel ribbons. The keto acid adopts a chiral conformation through rotation of the carboxyl group by 62.50 (15) degrees relative to the plane defined by its point of attachment and the ketone C and O atoms. Two C-H.O close contacts exist in the structure.
Machine Learning for In-Region Location Verification in Wireless Networks (2019)

In-region location verification (IRLV) aims at verifying whether a user is inside a region of interest (ROI). In wireless networks, IRLV can exploit the features of the channel between the user and a set of trusted access points. In practice, the channel feature statistics is not available and we resort to machine learning (ML) solutions for IRLV. We first show that solutions based on either neural networks (NNs) or support vector machines (SVMs) with typical loss functions are Neyman-Pearson (N-P)-optimal at learning convergence for sufficiently complex learning machines and large training datasets. For a finite training, ML solutions are more accurate than the N-P test based on estimated channel statistics. Then, as estimating channel features outside the ROI may be difficult, we consider one-class classifiers, namely auto-encoder NNs and one-class SVMs which, however, are not equivalent to the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), typically replacing the N-P test in the one-class problem. Numerical examples support the results in realistic wireless networks, with channel models including path-loss, shadowing, and fading.
Ethylhexylglycerin Impairs Membrane Integrity and Enhances the Lethal Effect of Phenoxyethanol (2016)

Preservatives are added to cosmetics to protect the consumers from infections and prevent product spoilage. The concentration of preservatives should be kept as low as possible and this can be achieved by adding potentiating agents. The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanisms behind potentiation of the bactericidal effect of a commonly used preservative, 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), by the potentiating agent ethylhexylglycerin (EHG). Sub-lethal concentrations of EHG (0.075%) and PE (0.675%) in combination led to rapid killing of E. coli (> 5 log reduction of cfu after 30 min), leakage of cellular constituents, disruption of the energy metabolism, morphological deformities of cells and condensation of DNA. Used alone, EHG disrupted the membrane integrity even at low concentrations. In conclusion, sub-lethal concentrations of EHG potentiate the effect of PE through damage of the cell membrane integrity. Thus, adding EHG to PE in a 1:9 ratio has a similar effect on membrane damage and bacterial viability as doubling the concentration of PE. This study provides insight about the mechanism of action of a strong potentiating agent, EHG, which is commonly used in cosmetics together with PE.
30 dB of AGC from an FET (2005)

A low-noise single-gate GaAs MESFET has been successfully used to provide a 30-dB AGC range for low-noise amplifiers in down-converters used in microwave communication systems from 4 to 11 GHz. Threshold NF is not affected. With 30 dB of AGC, the FET amplifier NF is 18 dB.
Brief Report: Impact of COVID-19 on Individuals with ASD and Their Caregivers: A Perspective from the SPARK Cohort (2021)

The impact of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in the United States is unprecedented, with unknown implications for the autism community. We surveyed 3502 parents/caregivers of individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) enrolled in Simons Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK) and found that most individuals with ASD experienced significant, ongoing disruptions to therapies. While some services were adapted to telehealth format, most participants were not receiving such services at follow-up, and those who were reported minimal benefit. Children under age five had the most severely disrupted services and lowest reported benefit of telehealth adaptation. Caregivers also reported worsening ASD symptoms and moderate family distress. Strategies to support the ASD community should be immediately developed and implemented.
Sniper: A framework for detecting attack attempts to open source web applications at the run time (2014)

Open source web applications offer webmasters and owners like you free solutions for building personal, business, official and social network websites. On the other hand, open source web applications allow attackers a complete map of its structure, design and functionality. In fact, using open source web applications is a double-edged sword in that it supplies both attackers and defenders more control over their security aspect. Well-known attacks are aimed access resources that are not referenced by the web application and lead to information discloser. Inspired by the idea of a sniper lurking in the shadows of civilization as a secret guard, this paper proposes a framework-named Sniper-to improve the security of open source web applications. Mimicking a real sniper who hides in the bushes to watch and eliminate dangerous enemies, the proposed Sniper framework is hidden within the web application to capture potential attackers. To illustrate further, if an attacker approaches your website seeking sensitive data, Sniper will be there watching to detect the intrusion, notify the webmaster anonymously, and block the attacker based on predefined thresholds. Therefore, Sniper identifies and mitigates attack attempts ahead of time by monitoring suspicious traffic intended to reach forbidden or sensitive areas. Sniper was implemented and tested using three different open source web applications. As a webmaster, I cannot imagine a better lights-out monitoring solution that not only notifies me, but also blocks potentially malicious access.
Unitary precoder design for MIMO spatial multiplexing systems with limited feedback (2012)

This paper studies limited feedback unitary precoding for MIMO spatial multiplexing systems with QR-SIC receiver and equal power allocation. An optimal codebook design criterion, which can design the optimal codebooks for various fading and spatial correlated channels with arbitrary antenna configurations, is proposed. However, due to the fact that the closed-form of the probability density function (p.d.f.) of the optimal precoding matrix is hard to obtain, the optimal codebook design criterion is difficult to be applied to the practical systems. Thus, a suboptimal codebook design criterion is given, which can be implemented in practice and is also applicable to any scenario. Sequentially, an iterative codebook design algorithm that converges to an optimum codebook is given. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves better performance than the 3GPP R10 LTE-A codebooks.
Design, Development and Test of a 30 kW Oil Free, Turboalternator (2008)

This paper describes the design procedures and testing program used in the development of a 30 kW single shaft permanent magnet turboalternator with compliant foil bearing supports. The development program included design tradeoff studies assessing generator rotor and bearing configurations, design of the turbine, and packaging of the entire system. This paper also describes the test program to assess dynamics, thermal management of the system and testing to assess power output. Test results achieved with the prototype system operating to full speed and under power generating mode will be presented. A comparison between predicted and measured electrical output will also be presented up to a power generating level of 25 kWe at approximately 55,000 rpm. The excellent correlation between design and test provides the basis for scale up to larger power levels. This program demonstrates the successful integration of oil-free foil bearings, 4-pole composite wound permanent magnet alternator, thermal management capabilities and an axial flow turbine.
Modeling and simulations of thermoelastic damping in microplates (2004)

We present a model and analytical expressions for the quality factors of microplates of general shapes and boundary conditions due to thermoelastic damping. We solve the heat equation for the thermal flow across the microplate, and hence decouple the thermal equation from the plate equation. We utilize a perturbation method to derive an analytical expression for the quality factor of a microplate under electrostatic loading and residual stresses in terms of its structural mode shapes. For the special case of no electrostatic and in-plane loadings, we derive a simple analytical expression for the quality factor, which is independent of the mode shapes. We verify the model by specializing it to a microbeam and comparing the resulting quality factor to that obtained using microbeam models in the literature. We present several results for various modes of rectangular microplates with various boundary conditions.