gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
179-OR: Cardiovascular Effectiveness of Empagliflozin vs. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists or Liraglutide in the EMPRISE Study (2022)

Within the EMPRISE® monitoring program, we evaluated the cardiovascular effectiveness of empagliflozin (EMPA) vs. glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) or liraglutide using data from Medicare and 2 U.S. commercial claims databases [2014- (2018 for Medicare) ]. We identified patients ≥18 years with type 2 diabetes initiating (i) EMPA vs. GLP1-RA or (ii) EMPA vs. liraglutide. Primary outcomes were hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) , myocardial infarction (MI) , stroke, and all-cause mortality (Medicare only) . After 1:1 propensity score matching, we estimated pooled HR (95% CI) overall and in subgroups of patients with and without baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) . We identified 105,955 pairs of EMPA vs. GLP1RA initiators and 72,498 pairs of EMPA vs. liraglutide initiators (Table) . Relative to GLP1RA, EMPA had a lower risk of HHF [HR:0.62 (95% CI, 0.53, 0.71) ] and a similar risk of MI [0.95 (0.85, 1.07) ], stroke [1. (0.94, 1.27) ], and mortality [0.91 (0.77, 1.08) ]. Results were consistent for patients with and without CVD. When we compared EMPA vs. liraglutide, estimates were similar to those from GLP1 RA, both overall and across subgroups. Among real-world patients, EMPA was associated with a reduced risk of HHF, but with similar risk of MI, stroke, and mortality, across the broad spectrum of CVD, compared with GLP-1RA overall or liraglutide. Disclosure P.T.Htoo: Employee; Johnson &amp; Johnson. S.Schneeweiss: None. E.Patorno: Research Support; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, National Institutes of Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. H.Tesfaye: None. J.M.Paik: None. D.J.Wexler: Other Relationship; Elsevier, Novo Nordisk, UpToDate. M.Najafzadeh: None. R.Glynn: Research Support; Amarin Corporation, AstraZeneca, Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc., Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc. A.Deruaz-luyet: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Other Relationship; IQVIA Inc., Sanofi. S.F.Fazeli farsani: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. L.Koeneman: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company, Stock/Shareholder; Eli Lilly and Company.
On visual formalisms (1988)

The higraph, a general kind of diagramming object, forms a visual formalism of topological nature. Higraphs are suited for a wide array of applications to databases, knowledge representation, and, most notably, the behavioral specification of complex concurrent systems using the higraph-based language of statecharts.
Sensible Organizations: A Sensor-Based System for Organizational Design and Engineering (2009)

We propose a sensor-based organizational design system capable of measuring social interactions in the workplace. By combining behavioral sensor data with other sources of information such as text-mined documents, surveys, and performance data we can re-engineer organizations and make better informed decisions. The proposed system combines sensor measurements, pattern recognition algorithms, simulation and optimization techniques, social network analysis, and feedback mechanisms that aim at continuously monitoring and improving individual and group performance. We describe the system’s general specifications and discuss preliminary studies that we have conducted in several organizations using an experimental sensing platform. 1
Design Of A Special-Purpose Computer For Locating Targets Within An Image (1988)

Starloc (Sandia TARget LOcation Computer) is a special-purpose computer designed for target location in an image. It is based on a generalized correlation filter algorithm. Correlation of the input image and a small number (10-20) of specially-designed filter kernels is performed in the Fourier domain. The correlation of the input image with the filter set produces an encoding at each input image pixel location; targets are located at pixels with specific codes. This target signature is not sensitive to target variations such as rotation, range, brightness, and angle of view. Starloc is now under development and when completed will process two 256 pixel by 256 pixel input images per second. Starloc's basic architecture consists of ten pipelined processing stages (eight for Fast Fourier Transform operations and two for pixel by pixel operations) arranged in a ring-like structure. Within each stage are a controller, image memory, address generator, and register file with parallel floating-point processors. Starloc is designed to be fault tolerant by including two hot standby stages that can be switched into the data path when other stages fail and by incorporating a comprehensive set of error checkers. Using currently available floating-point processors, Starloc will run at a sustained rate of 188 MFLOPS (million floating-point operations per second). At this rate, it is performing 36 complex 256 pixel by 256 pixel two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transforms per second.
Ecological drift in niche-structured communities: neutral pattern does not imply neutral process (2005)

We can define a neutral community as one in which all species, and so all individuals, are equivalent, in the sense that they are interchangeable at all times and under all conditions. In contrast, we can define a structured community as one in which species are not equivalent, and species-specific differences affect the population dynamics, and therefore the behaviour, of the community.
A CMOS image sensor with a simple FPN-reduction technology and a hole accumulated diode (2002)

CMOS image sensors are generally characterized by their low power consumption, single power supply and capability for on-chip system integration in contrast with CCD image sensors. Even though CMOS image sensors have these advantages, they are not yet widely used in image capture applications because of their insufficient image quality due to the difficulty in FPN cancellation. This FPN-reduction technology and a hole accumulated diode (HAD) for sensing elements is applied to the CMOS image sensor. The CMOS image sensor consists of a 640/spl times/480 pixel array in 1/3 inch image format, a current-to-voltage converter, a correlated double sampling circuit and a timing generator. This image sensor uses a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS logic process with specialized add-on steps for HAD. The power supply is 3.3 V and maximum frame rate is 30 frames/s.
Microstructural Characterization of a Cobalt-Free Maraging Steel, Vasco Max T-250 (1987)

A cobalt-free maraging steel, Vasco Max t-250, is being used as a replacement for the conventional, 18% Ni 300 grade maraging steel used by the Army. The thrust of this programs was to characterized the microstructure of annealed and aged specimens using optical and electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The structure of the annealed sample is a heavily dislocated lath martensite. The aged sample are a lath martensite that contains very fine Ni3Ti second phase particles. The precipitates are coherent with the matrix and form in a Widmanstatten pattern. The Ni3Ti precipitates are a very effective strengthening phase of the Vasco Mas T-250 and the aging temperature that appears to optimize the strengthening precipitates is 950 F.
Understanding Behavioural Tradeoffs in Large-Scale Sensornet Design (2009)

When designing a complex system such as a sensornet it is not always practical to build and deploy a realistically sized prototype. At the same time many of the interesting behaviours are hard to observe in small scale simulation and many of the current simulators do not scale well. In this paper we use present an efficient but effective simulator which, when combined with modern day large-scale computational capabilities, allow us to measure the impact of tuning an existing protocol and evaluate the necessary tradeoffs.
Timing analysis of combinational circuits containing complex gates (2002)

Current timing analysis tools deal with combinational circuit composed of primitive gates. In this paper, we are investigating ways to do timing analysis of combinational circuits with complex gates. Two possible approaches are proposed. The first approach is to design path sensitization criterion for circuits which is composed of complex gates. Another approach is first to transform complex gates to primitive gates and then using existing tools to perform timing analysis. A sensitization criterion is proposed for general complex gates where the functionality and delay information are given. Two commonly used complex gates, XOR and multiplexer, are examined and simplified sensitization criteria are generated. The gate expansion is performed on different delay models to show the compatibility between the original circuit and the transformed one. A general gate expansion algorithm is provided in this paper which can be used for general complex gates. From the experiment, we learned that the first approach can be performed in less computation time than the second one. The circuit delay obtained with the first approach is also smaller and more accurate than that obtained by the second approach.
Relationship of 5-year changes in inflammatory, metabolic and oxidative biomarkers with cardiovascular diseases incidence at 10-years (2022)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Carlos III Health Institute and the European Regional Development Fund Government of Catalonia through the Agency for Management of University and Research Grants Background Early stratification of cardiovascular (CV) risk saves thousands of lives every year. There is a debate about the value of determining genetic or plasma biochemical biomarkers, related to atherosclerosis process, to improve the prediction of an incident CV disease. While, single measurements of some of these biomarkers have been associated with an increased risk of CV disease, the change of the levels of these biomarkers over time could also improve the prediction of CV events and drive the identification of new biological pathways and therapeutic targets. Purpose This study aimed to examine the relationship between 5-year change in the levels of biomarkers of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, MCP-1, and CRP), glucidic metabolism (adiponectin, leptin, and insulin) and oxidation (GHS-Px), and the incidence of CV events at 10 years in a population without previous CV disease. Methods This was a cohort study nested in a large population cohort. Participants were randomly selected from the REGICOR cohort (North-Eastern Spain) recruited in 2005 (6.352 participants). Biomarkers were measured at baseline and in a re-examination in 2010. Participants were followed until 2020 for a composite CV disease endpoint including fatal and non-fatal first occurrence of coronary artery disease, stroke and peripheral artery disease. Baseline characteristics were compared between participants with and without CV events with standard parametric and non-parametric methods, as required. We used Cox regression to analyse the effect of the 5-year change of the biomarker levels on the occurrence of the composite endpoint adjusted for age, sex, baseline levels of each biomarker and classical CV risk factors. Results We included 419 individuals aged 35 to 74 years. Overall, 6.2% developed an incident CV disease within the 10-year follow-up. Characteristics of participants, who had or not a CV event, are compared in Table 1. Cases had a more adverse CV and anthropometric risk profile. Compared to individuals with sustained IL-6 and insulin levels, those with increased IL-6 or insulin after five years were at higher independent risk of CV disease at ten years. After adjusting for potential confounders, an increased IL-6 and insulin at the 5-year follow-up were independently associated with CV disease at 10-years (Table 2). Each rise of IL-6 or insulin in 1pg/mL or 10pg/mL, respectively, increased 32% (IL-6) and 2% (insulin) the risk of developing a CV event at 10-years. Conclusions Increasing IL-6 and insulin levels over five years indicates a higher risk of CV disease ten years thereafter, independently of classical risk factors.
Experience in designing a TCP/IP based VOD system over a dedicated network (2002)

We address the problem of designing a TCP/IP based VOD system over a dedicated network. Despite of the general belief that TCP/IP is not suitable for real-time multimedia applications, after testing in a laboratory environment for one year, we are confident in announcing that our prototype is both efficient and reliable. This success depends on several important factors. First of all, the system operates on a dedicated network in which there exists no other traffic except a small amount of background traffic generated by the Ether Switch, the major network component used by our prototype. Second, the system overhead due to the VOD server and the network adaptor card is minimized. Third, we maximize the disk bandwidth by implementing a proprietary disk file system. Our experiment shows that it requires only about 330 KBytes at the client buffer to smooth packet delay jitters.
Temporal variation in food limitation in larvae of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus (2021)

Rates of development of the feeding larvae of marine invertebrates may often be limited by inadequate food, extending the length of the larval period and increasing overall larval mortality. A better understanding of the frequency and importance of this phenomenon requires knowledge of the food concentration below which larvae are limited, and above which they are not, as well as estimates of how strongly food supply affects length of the planktonic period. We addressed these issues using larvae of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus as a model and chl a concentration as a metric of food abundance. We reared larvae in natural seawater collected from coastal southern California (USA), as well as in reduced and supplemented food treatments created from this natural seawater, 6 times from 2017 to 2019 to take advantage of temporal variation in chl a concentration. Larvae showed morphological responses indicative of low food in nature in only 1 of 6 experiments and showed delayed time to 50% metamorphic competence in 2 of 6 experiments. Larvae appeared to be food limited below chl a concentrations of ~2.4-3.0 µg l -1 , but developed at maximal rates at higher food concentrations. Low natural food supplies delayed time to 50% competence by up to 1.25 d. An 11 yr record of chl a concentration in waters of coastal southern California suggests that larvae of D. excentricus are likely food limited in developmental rate throughout much of the year except for late winter to late spring.
Metal-nitroxyl interactions. 26. Impact of an additional atom in the metal-nitroxyl linkage on the magnitude of electron-electron spin-spin coupling constants in spin-labeled pyridine adducts of vanadyl and copper(II) bis(.beta.-diketonates) (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-nitroxyl interactions. 26. Impact of an additional atom in the metal-nitroxyl linkage on the magnitude of electron-electron spin-spin coupling constants in spin-labeled pyridine adducts of vanadyl and copper(II) bis(.beta.-diketonates)Jyoti K. More, Kundalika M. More, Gareth R. Eaton, and Sandra S. EatonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 6, 2455–2460Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00136a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00136a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural Design and Optimisation of the LAPCAT A2 Mach 5 Vehicle Based on Aero-Elastic Deformations. (2012)

Structural design of hypersonic aircraft is severely impacted by the high temperatures encountered during ight as they can lead to high thermal stresses and a signi cant reduction in material strength and sti ness. This reduction in structural rigidity requires innovative concepts and a stronger focus on aeroelastic deformations in the design and optimisation of the aircraft structure. This imposes the need for a closer coupling of the aerodynamic and structural tools than is current practise. The current paper presents how the di erent sizing, analysis, design and optimisation tools are coupled in the design of the structure for the LAPCAT A2 vehicle and gives results of the optimisation of a hot structure for the wing. The results indicate that skin buckling is the main driver for the wing structural weight regardless of the number of spars and ribs used. A wing structure with 6 spars and 6 ribs with cross-grid sti eners leads to the lightest solution, weighing in just under 20 tons. Uni-axial sti ened skin concepts are considerably heavier.
Intra-operative 3D ultrasound augmentation (2003)

We introduce an automated and accurate system for registering pre-operative 3D MR and CT images with intraoperative 3D ultrasound images based on the vessels visible in both. The clinical goal is to guide the radio-frequency ablation (RFA) of liver lesions using percutaneous ultrasound even when the lesions are not directly visible using ultrasound. The lesions locations and desired RFA sites are indicated on pre-operative images, and those markings are made to appear within the intra-operative 3D ultrasound images. We present our current implementation, provide analyses of its components, and demonstrate its performance.
Modification of PCBM Crystallization via Incorporation of C60 in Polymer/Fullerene Solar Cells (2012)

Abstract The morphological effects of the incorporation of C 60 into blended thin‐films of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) and [6,6]‐phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) are investigated. The results show that addition of C 60 readily alters the growth‐rate and morphology of PCBM crystallites under different environmental conditions. The effect of C 60 on the growth of large PCBM crystallites is thoroughly characterized using optical microscopy, electron microscopy and UV‐visible absorption spectroscopy. Results show that C 60 incorporation modifies fullerene aggregation and crystallization and greatly reduces the average crystallite size at C 60 loadings of ≈50 wt% in the fullerene phase. Organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are prepared to evaluate the electron mobility of PCBM/C 60 films and organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated from mixed‐fullerene active layers to evaluate their performance. It is demonstrated that the use of fullerene mixtures in organic electronic applications is a viable approach to produce more stable devices and to control the growth of micrometer‐sized fullerene crystals.
Improving New-Product Forecasting at Intel Corporation (2010)

Forecasting demand for new products is becoming increasingly difficult as the technology treadmill continually drives product life cycles shorter. The task is even more challenging for electronic goods; these products have life cycles measured in quarters, manufacturing processes measured in months, and market volatility that takes place on a day-to-day basis. We present a model that perpetually reduces forecast variance as new market information is acquired over time. Our model extends Bass' original idea of product diffusion [Bass, F. M. 1969. A new product growth for model consumer durables. Management Sci. 15(5) 215–227] to a more comprehensive theoretical setting. We first describe how forecast variances can be reduced when combining predictive information from multiple diffusion models. We then introduce the notion of demand-leading indicators in a Bayesian framework that reduces forecast variance by incorporating a wide variety of information emerging during the product life cycle. We describe a successful implementation of this model at Intel, where we tested one-third of the microprocessor products. When compared with the current forecasting method, our model reduced forecasting time from three days to two hours and decreased forecasting errors by 33 percent, leading to $11.8 million in cost savings over four months of demand realization.
The Use of Fluorescence Dequenching Measurements to Follow Viral Membrane Fusion Events (1988)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Theoretical Aspects of Fluorescence Dequenching Studies with Fluorescence-Labeled Enveloped Virions Reconstituted Viral Envelopes as a Tool to Study Virus-Membrane Fusion Conclusions
Perspective thermally stable thermoset binders for polymer composite materials (2010)

Brief review of the modern state in the field of thermally stable thermoset resins used as binders for engineering polymer composites in presented. Synthesis, processing, properties, and application of such materials are discussed. The list of binders includes polyimide PMR resins, oligoimides with reactive end groups, bismaleimides, and phthalonitrile resins.
Cloning-free regulated monitoring of reporter and gene expression (2009)

The simple introduction and tuning of any transcriptional control in the linear DNA product renders promoter activation and regulated gene studies simple and versatile.
Electroluminescenee in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) I. Impulse Voltage (1982)

Electroluminescence was observed in PET when an impulse voltage was applied. The electroluminescence depended on the electrode material of the cathode and showed only a weak temperature dependence and a superlinear dependence on the electric field. The spectrum of the electroluminescence was identical with that of the photoluminescence originating from PET molecules. Considering these results, the following mechanism was concluded to be responsible for the electroluminescence in PET. Electrons injected from the cathode by tunneling through the interfacial barrier are accelerated by the electric field to sufficiently high energy to excite or ionize PET molecules. They finally lose their energy and become trapped, forming a space charge layer. The electroluminescence occurs when the excited PET molecules are deactivated into their ground states. The generation and dissipation of the space charge is discussed in this paper, and analysis of the electroluminescence is shown to be useful for understanding the dynamic behavior of the space charge in polymers.
Low-frequency, self-sustained oscillations in inductively coupled plasmas used for optical pumping (2014)

We have investigated very low frequency, on the order of one hertz, self-pulsing in alkali-metal inductively-coupled plasmas (i.e., rf-discharge lamps). This self-pulsing has the potential to significantly vary signal-to-noise ratios and (via the ac-Stark shift) resonant frequencies in optically pumped atomic clocks and magnetometers (e.g., the atomic clocks now flying on GPS and Galileo global navigation system satellites). The phenomenon arises from a nonlinear interaction between the atomic physics of radiation trapping and the plasma's electrical nature. To explain the effect, we have developed an evaporation/condensation theory (EC theory) of the self-pulsing phenomenon.