gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and expression of a gene encoding the precursor of subtilin, a small protein antibiotic. (1988)

A gene has been cloned from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 that encodes a 56-residue peptide precursor for the 32-residue peptide antibiotic, subtilin. The precursor contains serines, threonines, and cysteines at positions that permit them to undergo a series of dehydration and cross-linking steps to give the mature antibiotic peptide which contains the unusual amino acids lanthionine, beta-methyllanthionine, D-alanine, dehydroalanine, and dehydrobutyrine. The precursor peptide contains a leader region that has an unusual hydropathic character for an exported protein. The subtilin gene is expressed from a monocistronic transcriptional unit as identified by S1 mapping of the gene transcript. The (-35) region of the promoter is not typical of Bacillus subtilis vegetatively-expressed genes. The subtilin transcript was present in very low amounts during exponential growth, but in large amounts during stationary phase; at which time mature subtilin peptide and antibiotic activity were also observed. The subtilin transcript contains a cleavage-sensitive region that overlaps the ribosome binding site. The primary transcript has an unusually long half-life of about 45 min. These observations confirm that subtilin is derived from a small protein that is synthesized on ribosomes.
Very-high power density AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2001)

Research work focusing on the enhancement of large-signal current-voltage (I-V) capabilities has resulted in significant performance improvement for AlGaN/GaN HEMT's. 100-150 /spl mu/m wide devices grown on SiC substrates demonstrated a record power density of 9.8 W/mm at 8 GHz, which is about ten times higher than GaAs-based FETs; similar devices grown on sapphire substrates showed 6.5 W/mm, which was thermally limited, 2-mm-wide devices flip-chip mounted on to AlN substrates produced 9.2-9.8 W output power at 8 GHz with 44-47% PAE. A flip-chip amplifier IC using a 4-mm device generated 14 W at 8 GHz, representing the highest CW power obtained from GaN-based integrated circuits to date.
Thioredoxin-1 Selectively Activates Transglutaminase 2 in the Extracellular Matrix of the Small Intestine (2016)

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) catalyzes transamidation or deamidation of its substrates and is ordinarily maintained in a catalytically inactive state in the intestine and other organs. Aberrant TG2 activity is thought to play a role in celiac disease, suggesting that a better understanding of TG2 regulation could help to elucidate the mechanistic basis of this malady. Structural and biochemical analysis has led to the hypothesis that extracellular TG2 activation involves reduction of an allosteric disulfide bond by thioredoxin-1 (TRX), but cellular and in vivo evidence for this proposal is lacking. To test the physiological relevance of this hypothesis, we first showed that macrophages exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli released TRX in sufficient quantities to activate their extracellular pools of TG2. By using the C35S mutant of TRX, which formed a metastable mixed disulfide bond with TG2, we demonstrated that these proteins specifically recognized each other in the extracellular matrix of fibroblasts. When injected into mice and visualized with antibodies, we observed the C35S TRX mutant bound to endogenous TG2 as its principal protein partner in the small intestine. Control experiments showed no labeling of TG2 knock-out mice. Intravenous administration of recombinant TRX in wild-type mice, but not TG2 knock-out mice, led to a rapid rise in intestinal transglutaminase activity in a manner that could be inhibited by small molecules targeting TG2 or TRX. Our findings support the potential pathophysiological relevance of TRX in celiac disease and establish the Cys<sup>370</sup>-Cys<sup>371</sup> disulfide bond of TG2 as one of clearest examples of an allosteric disulfide bond in mammals.
How (not) to assess the importance of correlations for the matching of\n spontaneous and evoked activity: a response (2013)

A response to a comment of Fiser et al.
<title>Rare-earth-doped fluoride waveguides</title> (1997)

Guiding structures have been produced on the surface of fluoride glass by ionic exchange between fluoride ions of the substrate and chloride ions of HCl gas. The waveguides have been qualified by using analytical tools and optical characterizations. The active properties of Nd-doped channel waveguides are presented.
Is small really beautiful? Some thoughts on the 1995 federal budget. (1995)

The 1995 federal budget meets the financial markets' expectations by proposing deep funding cuts and defining a smaller federal presence in several sectors of Canadian society. The most significant aspect of the budget for health care is the creation of the Canada Health and Social Transfer, which merges federal funding for health, post-secondary education and social assistance into one block grant. Provinces will be free to shift funds among these programs.
The field-effect transistor&#8212;An old device with new promise (1963)

Summary form only. An abstract of the above-titled article, taken from the 1963 IEEE International Convention (held March 25-28, New York, NY, USA), is presented.
Geographic information from georeferenced social media data (2011)

In the last few years, we are witnessing an emerging class of communication and information platforms some call social awareness streams (SAS) [15]. Available from social media services such as Facebook, Twitter, FourSquare, Flickr, and others, these hugely popular platforms allow participants to post streams of lightweight content items, from short status messages to links, pictures, and videos, in a highly connected social environment. Many of these items are associated with location coordinates in the form of latitude and longitude, or with a business or venue that is in turn associated with a precise location. The number of "geotagged" items is likely to grow with the number of people using geo-enabled devices to access and produce SAS data. The vast amounts of SAS data offer unique opportunities for understanding local communities and people's attitudes, attention, and interest in them. Robust methods for learning from SAS data about geographies and local communities, using methods from Artificial Intelligence, Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing, can greatly improve the state of geographic information retrieval. Such contributions, from better modelling of geographic areas, to improved knowledge about these areas and how they are used by individuals and communities, have begun to surface in the last few years, and are summarized in this article. The structure of this work borrows from Lynch [13], who referred to five elements that make up an individual's perception of city: districts, landmarks, paths, nodes, and edges. This article borrows from Lynch in the context of social media and SAS, proposing the four elements that make up the geographic information that can be derived from social media about a city or area: districts, landmarks, paths, and activities. This article presents a simple model for geographic SAS data, and then considers the four social media elements, or main types of applications of SAS data to geographic information systems. These applications include boundary definition and detection (district); computation of attractions (landmarks); derivation and recommendation of paths; and evaluation of activities, interests and temporal trends.
Exploring evolutionary coupling in Eclipse (2005)

While software archives have been around for a long time, they have been mostly used to store and reconstruct versions of a software system and to coordinate simultaneous changes. Currently many researchers are investigating new ways to exploit the information stored in software archives. In this paper we present an Eclipse plugin that visualizes evolutionary coupling between files, i.e., how likely it is that two files are changed together. The information is automatically extracted from the software archive and displayed as a pixelmap, where each pixel represents a single coupling. The plugln nicely integrates with the rest of the Eclipse IDE and thus allows to interactively explore the evolutionary coupling between different files of a project.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Enhancement and modulation of enzymatic activity through higher-order structural changes of giant DNA-protein multibranch conjugates. (2012)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: Enhancement and modulation of enzymatic activity through higher-order structural changes of giant DNA-protein multibranch conjugates.
Antibacterial nitrofuran derivatives. 2. 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde aminoacethydrazones (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntibacterial nitrofuran derivatives. 2. 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde aminoacethydrazonesE. Massarani, D. Nardi, A. Tajana, and L. DegenCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 7, 633–635Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00289a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00289a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thrombin generation potential and clot‐forming capacity of thawed fresh‐frozen plasma, plasma frozen within 24 h and solvent/detergent‐treated plasma (octaplasLG®), during 5‐day storage at 1–6°C (2018)

To enable rapid availability of plasma in emergency situations, the shelf‐life of thawed fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP) has been extended from 24 h to 5 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thrombin generation (TG) potential and clot‐forming ability during 5 days of refrigerated storage of thawed FFP, plasma frozen within 24 h and solvent/detergent‐treated plasma octaplas LG ® . During storage for 5 days, TG capacity decreased significantly over time, and rotational thromboelastometry showed significantly prolonged clotting times. However, the stability studies confirmed comparable in vitro haemostatic potentials of all three thawed plasma products at day 5.
Criteria-based evaluation of group 3 level memory telefacsimile equipment for interlibrary loan. (1990)

The Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery, and Union List Task Force of the Health Sciences Libraries Consortium (HSLC)--with nineteen libraries located in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Hershey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware--accepted the charge of evaluating and recommending for purchase telefacsimile hardware to further interlibrary loan among HSLC members. To allow a thorough and scientific evaluation of group 3 level telefacsimile equipment, the task force identified ninety-six hardware features, which were grouped into nine broad criteria. These features formed the basis of a weighted analysis that identified three final candidates, with one model recommended to the HSLC board. This article details each of the criteria and discusses features in terms of library applications. The evaluation grid developed in the weighted analysis process should aid librarians charged with the selection of level 3 telefacsimile equipment.
The mechanism of mode selection for an external cavity laser (1990)

The process of mode hopping between external cavity modes of a laser diode with optical feedback is described by analogy with noise driven transitions of a particle between potential valleys. The model explains why the dominant mode is the mode with the lowest linewidth and not the mode with the lowest carrier density. It also gives a simple analytic expression for the rate of mode hopping. The expression is shown to predict the results of computer simulations to a good approximation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis and reactivity of dichloroboryl complexes of platinum(ii) (2006)

The reaction between [Pt(nbe)3] (nbe=norbornene), two equivalents of the phosphines PPh3, PMePh2 or PMe2Ph and 1 equivalent of BCl3 affords the platinum dichloroboryl species [PtCl(BCl2)(PPh3)2], [PtCl(BCl2)(PMePh2)2] and [PtCl(BCl2)(PMe2Ph)2]. All three complexes were characterised by X-ray crystallography and reveal that the boryl group lies trans to the chloride. With PMe3 as the phosphine, the complex [PtCl(BCl2)(PMe3)2] is isolated in high yield as a white crystalline powder although crystals suitable for X-ray crystallography were not obtained. Crystals were obtained of a product shown by X-ray crystallography to be the unusual dinuclear species [Pt2(BCl2)2(PMe3)4(micro-Cl)][BCl4] which reveals an arrangement in which two square planar platinum(II) centres are linked by a single bridging chloride which is trans to a BCl2 group on each platinum centre. The reaction of [PtCl(BCl2)(PMe3)2] with NEt3 or pyridine (py) affords the adducts [PtCl{BCl2(NEt3)}(PMe3)2] and [PtCl{BCl2(py)}(PMe3)2], respectively, both characterised spectroscopically. The reaction between [PtCl(BCl2)(PMe3)2] and either 4 equivalents of NHEt2 or piperidine (pipH) results in the mono-substituted boryl species [PtCl{BCl(NEt2)}(PMe3)2] and [PtCl{BCl(pip)}(PMe3)2], respectively, the former characterised by X-ray crystallography. Treatment of either [PtCl(BCl2)(PMe3)2] (in the presence of excess NEt3) or [PtCl{BCl(NEt2)}(PMe3)2] with catechol affords the B(cat) (cat=catecholate) derivative [PtCl{B(cat)}(PMe3)2] which is also formed in the reaction between [Pt(PMe3)4] and ClB(cat) and also from the slow decomposition of [Pt{B(cat)}2(PMe3)2] in dichloromethane over a period of months. The compound [Pt{B(cat)}2(PMe3)2] was prepared from the reaction between [Pt(PMe3)4] and B2(cat)2.
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Down-Regulation of Stem Cell Genes, Including Those in a 200-kb Gene Cluster at 12p13.31, Is Associated with <i>In vivo</i> Differentiation of Human Male Germ Cell Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Down-Regulation of Stem Cell Genes, Including Those in a 200-kb Gene Cluster at 12p13.31, Is Associated with &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Differentiation of Human Male Germ Cell Tumors
Modeling low frequency cardiorespiratory interaction using broadband hypoxic stimulation (2002)

The authors investigated cardiorespiratory dynamic interaction within the low frequency region (<0.15 Hz) using broadband hypoxic stimulation during mean inspired oxygen levels of 16.5% and 12.5%. Spectral broadening of O/sub 2/ level was obtained by pseudo random binary switching (PRBS) of inspired O/sub 2/ level between 21% O/sub 2/ and 4% (12% for mild hypoxia), balance nitrogen. Coherence analysis showed that during moderate hyponia, responses of R-R interval, BP and ventilation were statistically related. Partial coherences showed fluctuations in R-R interval and ventilation were correlated in the low frequency region. Parametric modeling resulted in a model with four poles and two zeros as a best fit between F/sub 1/O/sub 2/ and R-R interval.
Design of Sparse Halbach Magnet Arrays for Portable MRI Using a Genetic Algorithm (2017)

Permanent magnet arrays offer several attributes attractive for the development of a low-cost portable MRI scanner for brain imaging. They offer the potential for a relatively lightweight, low to mid-field system with no cryogenics, a small fringe field, and no electrical power requirements or heat dissipation needs. The cylindrical Halbach array, however, requires external shimming or mechanical adjustments to produce B<sub>0</sub> fields with standard MRI homogeneity levels (e.g., 0.1 ppm over FOV), particularly when constrained or truncated geometries are needed, such as a head-only magnet where the magnet length is constrained by the shoulders. For portable scanners using rotation of the magnet for spatial encoding with generalized projections, the spatial pattern of the field is important since it acts as the encoding field. In either a static or rotating magnet, it will be important to be able to optimize the field pattern of cylindrical Halbach arrays in a way that retains construction simplicity. To achieve this, we present a method for designing an optimized cylindrical Halbach magnet using the genetic algorithm to achieve either homogeneity (for standard MRI applications) or a favorable spatial encoding field pattern (for rotational spatial encoding applications). We compare the chosen designs against a standard, fully populated sparse Halbach design, and evaluate optimized spatial encoding fields using point-spread-function and image simulations. We validate the calculations by comparing to the measured field of a constructed magnet. The experimentally implemented design produced fields in good agreement with the predicted fields, and the genetic algorithm was successful in improving the chosen metrics. For the uniform target field, an order of magnitude homogeneity improvement was achieved compared to the un-optimized, fully populated design. For the rotational encoding design the resolution uniformity is improved by 95% compared to a uniformly populated design.
Development of an image processing open-source software for video-surveillance devices (2005)

In the paper we present our project concerning a modular image processing environment to be used as a forensic tool by law enforcement laboratories in the analysis of crime scene videos and images. It is designed to overcome one of the main drawbacks of standard image processing tools, mainly the lack of full control and documentation on the operations which have been performed on the images; moreover, some advanced nonlinear operators have been introduced, which can provide improved performances for some selected tasks.
Bats with hATs: Evidence for Recent DNA Transposon Activity in Genus Myotis (2006)

Transposable elements make up a significant fraction of many eukaryotic genomes. Although both classes of transposable elements, the DNA transposons and the retrotransposons, show substantial expansion in plants and invertebrates, the DNA transposons are thought to have become inactive in mammalian genomes long ago. Here, we report the first evidence for recent activity of DNA transposons in a mammalian lineage, the bat genus Myotis. Six recently active families of nonautonomous hobo/Activator/TAM transposons were identified in the Myotis lucifugus genome using computational tools. Low sequence divergence among the individual sequences and between individual sequences and their respective consensus sequences suggest their recent expansion in the M. lucifugus genome. Furthermore, amplification and sequencing of polymorphic insertion loci in a related taxon, M. austroriparius, confirms their recent activity. Myotis is one of the largest mammalian genera with 103 species. The discovery of DNA transposon activity in this genus may therefore influence our understanding of genome evolution and diversification in bats and in mammals in general. Furthermore, the identification of a likely autonomous element may lead to new approaches for mammalian genetic manipulation.
Effects of Glycyrrhizin on the Differentiation of Myeloid Cells of the Heart and Lungs in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Mice (2017)

GR exhibited protective effects on the heart and lungs in LPS-induced septic mice. The effects were associated with an elevated ratio of MDSCs to CD11b+Gr1 myeloid cells and the inhibition of cytokine release and TLR4 expression after GR injection.
Differential expression and function of cadherin-6 during renal epithelium development (1998)

The cadherin gene family encodes calcium-dependent adhesion molecules that promote homophilic interactions among cells. During embryogenesis, differential expression of cadherins can drive morphogenesis by stimulating cell aggregation, defining boundaries between groups of cells and promoting cell migration. In this report, the expression patterns of cadherins were examined by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in the embryonic kidney, during the time when mesenchymal cells are phenotypically converted to epithelium and the pattern of the developing nephrons is established. At the time of mesenchymal induction, cadherin-11 is expressed in the mesenchyme but not in the ureteric bud epithelium, which expresses E-cadherin. The newly formed epithelium of the renal vesicle expresses E-cadherin near the ureteric bud tips and cadherin-6 more distally, suggesting that this primitive epithelium is already patterned with respect to progenitor cell types. In the s-shaped body, the cadherin expression patterns reflect the developmental fate of each region. The proximal tubule progenitors express cadherin-6, the distal tubule cells express E-cadherin, whereas the glomeruli express P-cadherin. Ultimately, cadherin-6 is down-regulated whereas E-cadherin expression remains in most, if not all, of the tubular epithelium. Antibodies generated against the extracellular domain of cadherin-6 inhibit aggregation of induced mesenchyme and the formation of mesenchyme-derived epithelium but do not disrupt ureteric bud branching in vitro. These data suggest that cadherin-6 function is required for the early aggregation of induced mesenchymal cells and their subsequent conversion to epithelium.
The green tea polyphenol EGCG inhibits E. coli biofilm formation by impairing amyloid curli fibre assembly and downregulating the biofilm regulator CsgD via the σE‐dependent sRNA RybB (2016)

In bacterial biofilms, which are often involved in chronic infections, cells are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix that contains amyloid fibres, exopolysaccharides and other biopolymers. The matrix contributes to the pronounced resistance of biofilms against antibiotics and host immune systems. Being highly inflammatory, matrix amyloids such as curli fibres of Escherichia coli can also play a role in pathogenicity. Using macrocolony biofilms of commensal and pathogenic E. coli as a model system, we demonstrate here that the green tea polyphenol epigallocatachin gallate (EGCG) is a potent antibiofilm agent. EGCG virtually eliminates the biofilm matrix by directly interfering with the assembly of curli subunits into amyloid fibres, and by triggering the σ(E) cell envelope stress response and thereby reducing the expression of CsgD - a crucial activator of curli and cellulose biosynthesis - due to csgD mRNA targeting by the σ(E) -dependent sRNA RybB. These findings highlight EGCG as a potential adjuvant for antibiotic therapy of biofilm-associated infections. Moreover, EGCG may support therapies against pathogenic E. coli that produce inflammatory curli fibres along with Shigatoxin.
The Logistics-Marketing Interface: Marketer Views on Improving Cooperation (1994)

Previous research has identified that the marketing and logistics functions come into conflict and disagreement on a number of issues. The present paper discusses marketer views for improving cooperation with the logistics function, and finds that the most frequently used cooperation techniques are top management support, information sharing, and a philosophy of cooperation. These are rather simple concepts, and their implementation can be accomplished at a relatively low cost and with minimal organizational disruption.