gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controllable Heteroatom Doping Effects of CrxCo2–xP Nanoparticles: a Robust Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting in Alkaline Solutions (2020)

The effect of doping Cr on the electrocatalytic activity of Co<sub>2</sub>P supported on carbon black (Cr<i><sub>x</sub></i>Co<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>P/CB) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline solution was investigated. A beneficial improvement in the performance of Co<sub>2</sub>P toward HER and OER was discovered. For the HER at -200 mV overpotential, the turnover frequency (TOF) increases almost 6-fold from 0.26 to 1.52 electron site<sub>Co</sub><sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> when Co<sub>2</sub>P/CB has a small amount of Cr added to form Cr<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>1.8</sub>P/CB. Similarly, we estimate an increase from 0.205 to 0.585 electron site<sub>Co</sub><sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> for the OER at 1.6 V for the same change in composition. With 10 atom % Cr doping, the Cr<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>1.8</sub>P/CB catalyst needed 226 mV overpotential to produce a cathodic current density of -100 A g<sub>Co</sub><sup>-1</sup> and 380 mV overpotential to produce an anodic current density of 100 A g<sub>Co</sub><sup>-1</sup>. Based on both experimental results and theoretical calculations, the activity improvement results from optimization of the electronic properties of Co<sub>2</sub>P after Cr doping.
Capturing Intention‐based Full‐Frame Video Stabilization (2008)

Abstract Annoying shaky motion is one of the significant problems in home videos, since hand shake is an unavoidable effect when capturing by using a hand‐held camcorder. Video stabilization is an important technique to solve this problem, but the stabilized videos resulting from some current methods usually have decreased resolution and are still not so stable. In this paper, we propose a robust and practical method of full‐frame video stabilization while considering user's capturing intention to remove not only the high frequency shaky motions but also the low frequency unexpected movements. To guess the user's capturing intention, we first consider the regions of interest in the video to estimate which regions or objects the user wants to capture, and then use a polyline to estimate a new stable camcorder motion path while avoiding the user's interested regions or objects being cut out. Then, we fill the dynamic and static missing areas caused by frame alignment from other frames to keep the same resolution and quality as the original video. Furthermore, we smooth the discontinuous regions by using a three‐dimensional Poisson‐based method. After the above automatic operations, a full‐frame stabilized video can be achieved and the important regions and objects can also be preserved.
Interaction of pulsed CO 2 laser radiation with BK7 samples (1998)

A comprehensive investigation of pulsed CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser interaction with BK7 disks was carried out. The samples were irradiated with 10 microsecond CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser pulses to measure laser-induced damage thresholds. Transmission characteristics were observed over a certain time interval. Damage morphology was monitored with scanning force microscopy. Thermal simulations allowed for the interpretation of the laser- induced damage process.
Justifying Design Decisions with Theory-based Design Principles (2009)

Although the role of theories in design research is recognized, we show that little attention has been\npaid on how to use theories when designing new artifacts. We introduce design principles as a new\nmethodological approach to address this problem. Design principles extend the notion of design\nrationales that document how a design decision emerged. We extend the concept of design rationales\nby using theoretical hypotheses to support or object to design decisions. At the example of developing\na new conceptual modeling grammar we demonstrate two main benefits of using design principles.\nFirst, the link between theory and design decision enables the design researcher to reason about the\nresulting behavior of the IT artifact prior to instantiation. Second, design principles allow deducing\nempirically testable hypotheses to foster the rigorous evaluation of IT artifacts.
Repair strategies for multiple sclerosis (2016)

Purpose of review Despite major progress in multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment, to date, accumulation of irreversible clinical disability is not sufficiently prevented with immunotherapies. In this context, repair strategies aimed at reducing axonal damage are becoming a very active field of preclinical and clinical research. Recent findings Improved understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of myelin repair, together with the emergence of new therapeutic candidates are paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies in MS. In parallel, there is a very active development of imaging methods to assess lesions ongoing remyelination that are crucially needed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Summary The current development of a very dynamic and multidisciplinary research on remyelination should accelerate the development of myelin repair strategies in MS, to prevent disability progression.
ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a genetically heterogeneous disease with widely disparate clinical outcomes (2014)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a CD30-positive T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that morphologically resembles ALK-positive ALCL but lacks chromosomal rearrangements of the ALK gene. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity of ALK-negative ALCL has not been delineated. We performed immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization on 73 ALK-negative ALCLs and 32 ALK-positive ALCLs and evaluated the associations among pathology, genetics, and clinical outcome. Chromosomal rearrangements of DUSP22 and TP63 were identified in 30% and 8% of ALK-negative ALCLs, respectively. These rearrangements were mutually exclusive and were absent in ALK-positive ALCLs. Five-year overall survival rates were 85% for ALK-positive ALCLs, 90% for DUSP22-rearranged ALCLs, 17% for TP63-rearranged ALCLs, and 42% for cases lacking all 3 genetic markers (P < .0001). Hazard ratios for death in these 4 groups after adjusting for International Prognostic Index and age were 1.0 (reference group), 0.58, 8.63, and 4.16, respectively (P = 7.10 × 10(-5)). These results were similar when restricted to patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy, as well as to patients not receiving stem cell transplantation. Thus, ALK-negative ALCL is a genetically heterogeneous disease with widely disparate outcomes following standard therapy. DUSP22 and TP63 rearrangements may serve as predictive biomarkers to help guide patient management.
Cytokinins and auxins in organs of aquatic carnivorous plants: what do they reflect? (2022)

Different cytokinin and auxin profiles estimated in traps and leaves/shoots of aquatic carnivorous plants indicate an association with different dominant functions of these organs: nutrient uptake by traps versus photosynthetic function of traps. Interplay of cytokinins and auxins regulates apical dominance in these plants possessing strong polarity.
Structural Insights into the Mechanism of Tartrate Dehydrogenase: A versatile enzyme catalyzing multiple reactions (2009)

Tartrate Dehydrogenase (TDH) is a member of the family of R‐hydroxy acid dehydrogenases, occupying a unique branch. TDH catalyzes several interesting transformations which vary depending on the nature and the stereochemistry of the respective substrates. Structural and functional information on this unusual enzyme will provide a better understanding of the evolution of enzymes within this species, as well as guide its engineering for chiral synthon production. Here we report the first structure of TDH solved to 2.0 Åresolution by SAD phasing using selenomethionine labeled protein. The enzyme is a dimer with residues from both monomers forming each active site cleft. The complex with NADH, Mg 2+ and the intermediate analog oxalate represents the closed state of the enzyme. Based on the structures we have identified putative substrate and metal binding residues. Their proposed roles in the catalytic mechanism have been confirmed by site directed mutagenesis and kinetic analysis. In particular, the role of D225 as the base responsible for initial proton abstraction from the C2 hydroxyl of the substrate has now been established. A product complex provides additional insights which complement our mechanistic picture of this unusual enzyme. These results will now be used to guide the reengineering of this enzyme.
Separation of Vanadium and Tungsten from Sodium Molybdate Solution by Solvent Extraction (2014)

Solvent extraction experiments have been performed, to separate vanadium (V) and tungsten (W) from a synthetic solution containing macroamounts of molybdenum (Mo), in order to determine the effects of solution pH, extractant type and concentration, and stripping reagent. Only V was selectively extracted by 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxydodecane-6-oxime (LIX 63) from the solution at the equilibrium pH 8.0. Stripping of the loaded LIX 63 with dilute NaOH solution led to complete stripping of V. After removal of V, the highest separation factor between W and Mo was obtained at the equilibrium pH 7.7, by extraction with Aliquat 336. The addition of tributyl phosphate (TBP) to the tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) had a profound effect on the separation of the W and Mo by stripping with sulfuric acid solution. In the same H2SO4 concentration range, Mo and W were not stripped from the loaded Aliquat 336 alone, while Mo was selectively stripped over W from the loaded mixture of Aliquat 336 and TBP. A process was proposed to separate V and W from Mo solution by solvent extraction.
Efficient Encapsulation of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles into Genetically Engineered Hepatitis B Core Virus‐Like Particles Through a Specific Interaction for Potential Bioapplications (2014)

Self-assembly of viral coating proteins encapsulating functional nanoparticles provides a new class of biomaterials with robust chemical and physical properties for potential applications in functional imaging, and therapeutic or diagnostic agent delivery. Herein, a straightforward method is demonstrated for efficient encapsidation of magnetic nanoparticles into the engineered virus-like particle (VLP) through the affinity of histidine tags for the nickel- nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) chelate. Monodispersed, uniformly sized, magnetic core-containing VLPs are obtained at high efficiency (>85%) and used as the cellular T2 contrast agents for MR imaging applications thanks to their biocompatibility, higher cellular uptake, as well as higher r2 values.
Towardin vitrobiomarkers for developmental toxicity and their extrapolation to thein vivosituation (2011)

Relevance of readouts in in vitro developmental toxicity assays as predictive biomarkers for in vivo developmental toxicity should be evaluated by comparing the obtained in vitro effect concentrations with in vivo internal concentrations at dose levels causing developmental toxicity. Extrapolation of the in vitro effect concentrations to in vivo dose levels using PBK modeling (i.e., reverse dosimetry) is promising in its use to derive points of departure for risk assessment, enabling the use of in vitro toxicity data in the safety assessment of compounds.
A supermolecular building layer approach for gas separation and storage applications: the eea and rtl MOF platforms for CO2 capture and hydrocarbon separation (2015)

The supermolecular building layer (SBL) approach allows deliberate construction of tunable MOFs with contracted pore size permitting enhanced gas selectivity.
Androgen-dependent synthesis of basic secretory proteins by the rat seminal vesicle (1976)

1. Two basic proteins were purified from secretions of rat seminal vesicles by using Sephadex G-200 chromatography and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. 2. It is not certain that these two proteins are distinct species and not subunits of a larger protein, but their properties are similar. Highly basic (pI = 9.7), they migrate to the cathode at high pH and their amino acid composition shows them to be rich in basic residues and serine. Threonine and hydrophobic residues are few. Both proteins are glycoproteins and have mol.wts. of 17000 and 18500. 3. Together these two proteins account for 25-30% of the protein synthesized by the vesicles, but they are absent from other tissues. 4. Changes in androgen status of the animal markedly affect these proteins. After castration, a progressive decrease in the basic proteins is observed and the synthesis of the two proteins as measured by [35S]methionine incorporation in vitro is is decreased. Testosterone administration in vivo rapidly restores their rates of synthesis. 5. These effects on specific protein synthesis are also observed for total cellular protein, and it is suggested that testosterone acts generally on the total protein-synthetic capacity of the cell and not specifically on individual proteins. Proliferative responses in the secretory epithelium may also be involved. 6. The extreme steroid specificity of the induction process suggests that the synthesis of these basic proteins is mediated by the androgen-receptor system. 7. The biological function of these proteins is not clear, but they do not appear to be involved in the formation of the copulatory plug.
Impact of Ethnicity and HIV Type 1 Subtype on Response to First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy (2007)

A distinct effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected patients across ethnicities may reflect differences in drug adherence, host genetic factors, and/or predominant HIV subtypes. We investigated the immunologic outcome in 79 drug-naive HIV individuals living in Madrid, 39 of whom were African immigrants, who achieved and maintained undetectable viral load for up to 24 months following initiation of HAART. Overall, 90% of whites were infected with clade B viruses while 80% of Africans carried non-B subtypes. Gender, age, mean baseline viral load, and CD4 counts were comparable in both groups. The mean time to reach undetectable viremia did not differ significantly between groups. CD4 gains at 24 months following HAART initiation were also similar, although Africans showed higher CD4 gains than whites at month 12. In a multivariate analysis neither HIV subtype nor ethnicity was associated with different CD4 gains at any given time point, suggesting that reconstitution of CD4+ T cells under HAART is not influenced by ethnicity.
Metabolic Engineering Strategies for Sustainable Terpenoid Flavor and Fragrance Synthesis (2019)

Terpenoids derived from plant material are widely applied in the flavor and fragrance industry. Traditional extraction methods are unsustainable, but microbial synthesis offers a promising solution to attain efficient production of natural-identical terpenoids. Overproduction of terpenoids in microbes requires careful balancing of the synthesis pathway constituents within the constraints of host cell metabolism. Advances in metabolic engineering have greatly facilitated overcoming the challenges of achieving high titers, rates, and yields (TRYs). The review summarizes recent development in the molecular biology toolbox to achieve high TRYs for terpenoid biosynthesis, mainly in the two industrial platform microorganisms: <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. The biosynthetic pathways, including alternative pathway designs, are briefly introduced, followed by recently developed methodologies used for pathway, genome, and strain optimization. Integrated applications of these tools are important to achieve high "TRYs" of terpenoid production and pave the way for translating laboratory research into successful commercial manufacturing.
Synthesis and characterization of (C5H5)(CO)2Fe:CHCH:CMe2+ and its reaction with alkenes to give vinylcyclopropanes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of (C5H5)(CO)2Fe:CHCH:CMe2+ and its reaction with alkenes to give vinylcyclopropanesCharles P. Casey and William H. MilesCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 5, 808–809Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00083a030https://doi.org/10.1021/om00083a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coherent non-orthogonal expansions reencouraged (2002)

The authors understand "coherent families" as systems of functions which arise from a single function by a family of natural transformations. They point out that despite the success of orthogonal wavelet expansions various nonorthogonal expansions still hold some promises, in particular for cases where one can have fast algorithms and the coefficients have a natural interpretation. Recent achievements concerning Gabor expansions are presented as an example to make the case, but radial basis function approximations or oversampled affine frames are other examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Investigation of the Cellular Effects of Beta- Cyclodextrin Derivatives on Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells (2021)

Cyclodextrins are widely used excipients for increasing water-solubility, delivery and bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. By using fluorescent cyclodextrin derivatives, we showed previously that cyclodextrins are able to enter Caco-2 intestinal cells by endocytosis, but the influence of different fluorescent labeling on the same cyclodextrin derivative has not been studied. The consequences of the cellular internalization of cyclodextrins have not been revealed yet either. The aims of this study were to compare the cellular internalization of fluorescein- and rhodamine-labeled (2-hydroxypropyl)-, (HPBCD) and randommethyl-β-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) and to investigate the intracellular effects of these derivatives on Caco-2 cells. Stimulation of the NF-kappa B pathway and autophagy and localization of these derivatives in lysosomes were tested. The endocytosis of these derivatives was examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Both fluorescein- and rhodamine-labeled derivatives entered the cells, therefore the type of the fluorescent labeling did not influence their internalization. Cyclodextrin pretreatment did not activate the translocation of the p65 subunit of the NF-kappa B heterodimer into the cell nuclei from the cytoplasm. After HPBCD or RAMEB treatment, formation of the autophagosomes did not increase compared to the control sample and at the same time these derivatives could be detected in lysosomes after internalization.
COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) is structurally related to the thrombospondins. (1992)

Cloning and sequence analysis of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) cDNA, representing a cartilage pentameric protein, revealed a protein of 755 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 82,700 Da. Expression of the cDNA in COS cells showed that COMP is a homopolymer composed of five identical disulfide-linked subunits. COMP is homologous to the carboxyl-terminal half of thrombospondin, and the homologies include 89% and 54% of the residues in COMP and thrombospondin, respectively. The similarities are most pronounced in the carboxyl-terminal domains and in the calcium binding type 3 repeat domains in which about 60% of the amino acid residues are identical. In the type 2/epidermal growth factor repeat domains the two proteins contain 41% identical residues. The sequence of the amino-terminal 84-amino acid residues is unique for COMP. Comparison of the amino acid sequences in the type 2 and type 3 repeat domains of COMP and the thrombospondins shows that COMP is the product of a unique gene and not the result of an alternatively spliced thrombospondin gene.
Detection of Some Antioxidants in Vulcanized Rubber Stocks (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of Some Antioxidants in Vulcanized Rubber StocksR. A. Hively, J. O. Cole, C. R. Parks, J. E. Field, and Raymond FinkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 1, 100–103Publication Date (Print):January 18, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 January 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60097a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60097a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts