gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Static and Dynamic Modelling of Machine Structures with Large Linear Motions (2018)

Mechatronic structures deform under static and dynamic loads. These deformations lead to deviations at the tool center point (TCP), affecting the reachable accuracy and/or productivity of the machines. The scope of this work is the comparison of calculations and measurements of different static and dynamic errors on a dynamic test bench. A reduced-order modelling approach is applied for the test bench modelling. It uses a combination of modal condensation and moment-matching methods with Krylov subspaces. The different modelling steps and requirements are presented. The same model is used for all static and dynamic evaluations presented within this paper. Static deformations, leading to roll and pitch deviations at the TCP of the test bench structure, are simulated using the described modelling methodology and validated by inclination measurements. The modal behavior of the system is investigated by calculation and compared to the measurements at a single axes position. The spatial change of the frequency response functions of the modelled system is investigated further, by calculation and measurement of the velocity open-loop FRFs of one axis for different machine configurations. In addition, a transient trajectory simulation is performed and compared to the Heidenhain KGM and encoder measurements. The large variety of comparisons shows the efficient applicability of the modelling environment MORe.
Whole-body visualization of nanoagent kinetics in mice with flash scanning volumetric optoacoustic tomography (2021)

Visualizing whole-body dynamics across entire living organisms is crucial for understanding complex biology, disease progression as well as evaluating efficacy of new drugs and therapies. Existing small animal functional and molecular imaging modalities either suffer from low spatial and temporal resolution, limited penetration depth or poor contrast. In this work, we present flash scanning volumetric optoacoustic tomography (fSVOT) imaging system that enables the acquisition speeds required for visualizing fast kinetics and biodistribution of optical contrast agents across whole mice. fSVOT can render images of intricate vascular and organ anatomy with rich contrast by capitalizing on the large angular coverage of a spherical matrix array transducer rapidly scanned around the mouse. Volumetric (three-dimensional) images with 200 m resolution can be acquired within 45 seconds, which corresponds to an imaging speed gain of an order of magnitude with respect to existing state-of-the-art modalities offering comparable resolution performance. We demonstrate volumetric tracking and quantification of gold nanorod kinetics and their differential uptake across the spleen, liver and kidneys. Overall, fSVOT offers unprecedented capabilities for multi-scale imaging of pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of agents with high contrast, resolution and image acquisition speed.
MAXIMIZATION OF PULL-IN VOLTAGE OF MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL STRUCTURES USING TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION (2006)

The design problem consists in maximizing the pull-in voltage using topology optimization method, which is formulated as an optimal material distribution. In addition to the classical volume constraint, different structural constraints could be taken into consideration. Sensitivity analysis is one of the key issues of the optimization process and is performed with the formulation of eigenvalue topology optimization problems. Here the paper investigates topology optimization of strongly coupled electromechanical systems. To avoid important modifications of the electric field by the optimization process, this first study considers a non design electrode and use topology optimization to design an optimal suspension structure. Solution procedure of the optimization problem is based on CONLIN optimizer using a sequential convex programming. This method that has proved its efficiency in many structural problems (sizing, shape) is here tailored to strongly coupled multiphysics design problems under consideration. The choice of appropriate explicit convex approximations schemes for multiphysic problems is investigated. The proposed method is illustrated and validated on microbeam optimization applications.
STAT4 is required for protective Innate Lymphoid Cell responses to gastrointestinal infection (2017)

Abstract Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) are a newly discovered subset of cells that serve both protective and pathogenic roles in intestinal health. ILCs consist of three defined subgroups and perform effector functions similar to CD4 T cells. However, ILCs lack a specific antigen receptor and are activated directly by cytokines early during an immune response. Since the initial events in an immune response can dictate the ability of the host to control intestinal infection, it is critical to identify molecules that regulate ILC function. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) is important for driving many pro-inflammatory responses and phenotypes in T cells, but its effects on ILC development and function remain unclear. Contrary to its known role in Th1 cell biology, we find STAT4 to be dispensable in Group 1 ILC (ILC1) development. However, we observe that STAT4 is critical for IFN-γ production by ILC1s, thus influencing the capacity of this subgroup to mount an effector response. Whereas STAT4 deficiency did not impact IL-22 or IL-17 production by ILC3s, the transcription factor specifically modulates IFNγ production by a plastic Tbet+ subgroup of ILC3s that is greatly expanded in response to inflammation. Importantly, STAT4 signaling is also critical for survival against a genetically modified strain of Listeria monocytogenes that is able to model human Listeriosis in mice. Furthermore, both ILC1 and ILC3 respond to infection with robust IFNγ production, and when ILCs are depleted mice are unable to mount a protective innate response and succumb earlier to infection. These results indicate that STAT4 signaling influences critical responses by ILCs, thereby contributing to host protection against intestinal infection.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Cyclohexene Carbocyclic Nucleosides (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Autonomous Phase Transition−Complexation/Decomplexation Polymer System with a Molecular Recognition Property (2006)

We describe a novel polymer that exhibits a coordination of molecular recognition and actuation functionalities within itself. This coordination induces an autonomous polymer shrinking/swelling phase transition, accompanied by the complexation/decomplexation of a guest molecule. The artificial polymer exhibited autonomous behavior induced by molecular recognition, which is a unique function of the living body. We used β-cyclodextrin (CD) as the molecular recognition moiety, and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (NIPAM) as the actuation moiety in the polymer. Both these components affect each other: complexation between CD and its guest molecule 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS) induces a phase transition in the NIPAM chain. Meanwhile, the phase transition in the NIPAM chain affects CD/ANS complex formation. Coordination of these two phenomena induces an autonomous polymer shrinking/swelling behavior with CD/ANS complexation/decomplexation. We successfully observed this behavior using UV−vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Significant impact of amount of PCR input templates on various PCR-based DNA methylation analysis and countermeasure (2016)

Methylation changes of CpG islands can be determined using PCR-based assays. However, the exact impact of the amount of input templates (TAIT) on DNA methylation analysis has not been previously recognized. Using COL2A1 gene as an input reference, TAIT difference between human tissues with methylation-positive and -negative detection was calculated for two representative genes GFRA1 and P16. Results revealed that TAIT in GFRA1 methylation-positive frozen samples (n = 332) was significantly higher than the methylation-negative ones (n = 44) (P < 0.001). Similar difference was found in P16 methylation analysis. The TAIT-related effect was also observed in methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and denatured high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) analysis. Further study showed that the minimum TAIT for a successful MethyLight PCR reaction should be ≥ 9.4 ng (CtCOL2A1 ≤ 29.3), when the cutoff value of the methylated-GFRA1 proportion for methylation-positive detection was set at 1.6%. After TAIT of the methylation non-informative frozen samples (n = 94; CtCOL2A1 > 29.3) was increased above the minimum TAIT, the methylation-positive rate increased from 72.3% to 95.7% for GFRA1 and 26.6% to 54.3% for P16, respectively (Ps < 0.001). Similar results were observed in the FFPE samples. In conclusion, TAIT critically affects results of various PCR-based DNA methylation analyses. Characterization of the minimum TAIT for target CpG islands is essential to avoid false-negative results.
Phase-Locked Loop For Measurement Of Small And Large Delays (1995)

Electronic signal-generating and processing subsystem of ultrasonic inspection or measurement system consists mainly of variable-and-fixed-frequency, pulsed phase-locked loop (VFFPPLL) measuring phase shifts from 0 degrees to more than 360 degrees with accurancy of 0.112 degrees. VFFPPLL measures phase shifts between transmitted ultrasonic toneburst and its echo, thereby measuring ultrasonic-propagation delay. Used to determine strain in bolt or to track irregular surface of specimen being inspected ultrasonically.
Combustion dynamics and control in liquid-fueled direct injection systems (2000)

Abstract : Experiments evaluating the performance of a closed-loop combustion stabilization algorithm show that the method can reduce the magnitude of pressure oscillations in a liquid-fueled combustor by more than 50%. This paper describes the gas-turbine type combustor facility used for the experiments, associated instrumentation, unsteady combustion experiments, and the control scheme employed to suppress the natural thermo-acoustic instability. The combustor exhibits a natural instability at 140 Hz, the result of dynamic coupling between the combustor pressure field and the combustion heat release. Experiments to characterize the influence of operating parameters on the behavior of the instability are described. The control algorithm, amplitude-based pulse-width modulation, is used to modulate flow through one stream of a dual-passage fuel injector at such a phase that the instability amplitude is reduced. The paper concludes with a discussion of the control experiments, showing that the algorithm was successful in reducing the pressure oscillation.
Data from Identifying Candidate Druggable Targets in Canine Cancer Cell Lines Using Whole-Exome Sequencing (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Cancer cell culture has been a backbone in cancer research, in which analysis of human cell line mutational profiles often correlates with oncogene addiction and drug sensitivity. We have conducted whole-exome sequence analyses on 33 canine cancer cell lines from 10 cancer types to identify somatic variants that contribute to pathogenesis and therapeutic sensitivity. A total of 66,344 somatic variants were identified. Mutational load ranged from 15.79 to 129.37 per Mb, and 13.2% of variants were located in protein-coding regions (PCR) of 5,085 genes. PCR somatic variants were identified in 232 genes listed in the Cancer Gene Census (COSMIC). Cross-referencing variants with human driving mutations on cBioPortal identified 61 variants as candidate cancer drivers in 30 cell lines. The most frequently mutated cancer driver was TP53 (15 mutations in 12 cell lines). No drivers were identified in three cell lines. We identified 501 non-COSMIC genes with PCR variants that functionally annotate with COSMIC genes. These genes frequently mapped to the KEGG MAPK and PI3K–AKT pathways. We evaluated the cell lines for ERK1/2 and AKT(S473) phosphorylation and sensitivity to the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib. Twelve of the 33 cell lines were trametinib-sensitive (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 32 nmol/L), all 12 exhibited constitutive or serum-activated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and 8 carried MAPK pathway cancer driver variants: NF1(2), BRAF(3), N/KRAS(3). This functionally annotated database of canine cell line variants will inform hypothesis-driven preclinical research to support the use of companion animals in clinical trials to test novel combination therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Sniffing Chronic Renal Failure in Rat Model by an Array of Random Networks of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

In this study, we use an experimental model of bilateral nephrectomy in rats to identify an advanced, yet simple nanoscale-based approach to discriminate between exhaled breath of healthy states and of chronic renal failure (CRF) states. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC−MS) in conjugation with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of healthy and CRF breath, collected directly from the trachea of the rats, identified 15 common volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in all samples of healthy and CRF states and 27 VOCs that appear in CRF but not in healthy states. Online breath analysis via an array of chemiresistive random network of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) coated with organic materials showed excellent discrimination between the various breath states. Stepwise discriminate analysis showed that enhanced discrimination capacity could be achieved by decreasing the humidity prior to their analysis with the sensors’ array. Furthermore, the analysis showed the adequacy of using representative simulated VOCs to imitate the breath of healthy and CRF states and, therefore, to train the sensors’ array the pertinent breath signatures. The excellent discrimination between the various breath states obtained in this study provides expectations for future capabilities for diagnosis, detection, and screening various stages of kidney disease, especially in the early stages of the disease, where it is possible to control blood pressure and protein intake to slow the progression.
INVOLVEMENT OF GENE 49 IN RECOMBINATION OF BACTERIOPHAGE T4 (1983)

The role of T4 gene 49 in recombination was investigated using its conditional-lethal amber (am) and temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants. When measured in genetic tests, defects in gene 49 produced a recombination-deficient phenotype. However, DNA synthesized in cells infected with a ts mutant (tsC9) at a nonpermissive temperature appeared to be in a recombinogenic state: after restitution of gene function by shifting to a permissive temperature, the recombinant frequency among progeny increased rapidly even when DNA replication was blocked by an inhibitor. Growth of a gene 49-defective mutant was suppressed by an additional mutation in gene uvsX, but recombination between rII markers was not.
Three-Dimensional Velocity Diffusion in Two-Stream Turbulence (1978)

Thr turbulent state initiated by the electron-beam-ion two-stream instability is investigated. The spectrum of fluctuations is concentrated on a Cherenkov cone with a single modulus of phase velocity, azimuthally symmetric around the beam axis. The associated diffusion in velocity space occurs mainly on the surface of a double cone, complementary to the Cherenkov emission cone. This model is supported by an experiment in which the three-dimensional diffusion coeffient is measured with use of space-time correlation functions.
PS 13-14 CHANGES OF AORTIC STIFFNESS DURING AORTIC CLAMP / DECLAMP MANEUVER (2016)

Objective: Hemodynamic changes will occur by aortic clamp / declamp maneuvers during cardiovascular surgery. The mechanisms of those changes were tried to be clarified by monitoring a new aortic stiffness index (cardio-renal vascular index, CRVI), in addition to conventional hemodynamic parameters. Design and Method: Using rabbits, abdominal aortic clamp / declamp maneuvers were performed through laparotomy under general anesthesia. Axillar arterial pressure (axBP) and heart-renal arterial pulse wave velocity were monitored to calculate ‘CRVI’ according to the theory of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Results: By aortic clamping, axBP and carotid blood flow (CBF) immediately increased and CRVI decreased. After 15-minute clamp, aorta was declamped, with rapid decrease of AxBP and CBF, and increase of CRVI (Figure). Conclusions: These results suggested that the aorta itself adjusted its stiffness to the rapid hemodynamic changes.
Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy Response Assessment with F-18 Fluorothymidine Positron-Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Melanoma Brain Metastasis: A Pilot Study (2018)

The five cases presented show the potential benefit of hybrid FLT-PET/MRI for the diagnosis of MBM and treatment monitoring of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. However, further studies are required to assess their complementary role in distinguishing true progression from pseudoprogression.
Integrated vertical radar profiles (VRP) and multi-fold GPR for site characterization (2004)

Non-invasive characterization of contaminated sites and brownfields is being used to support planning and correlation of sampling and in decision-making and monitoring of rehabilitation procedures. We exploit a combination of surface (linear/azimuthal multi-fold) and borehole [vertical radar profiling (VRP)] techniques for an integrated and constrained assessment of the radar velocity field. The test of the method is performed with a Mala Geoscience system equipped with 100 MHz borehole and 100-250 MHz surface antennas. We test the technique at a disposal site where mixed industrial and solid urban waste is piled on alluvial sequences. The stratigraphic column includes sandy loams with variable fractions of silt and clay, a gravel and coarse sand aquifer, a bottom clay layer of variable thickness. Two shallow layers, an allochthonous soil, 0 to 80 cm thick from topographic surface, lying on coke ashes mixed with industrial debris (100 to 170 cm thick), attenuate the radar wave due to strong scattering and low resistivity. Maximum penetration from surface is restricted to approximately 250 cm. Borehole measurements are used to integrate surface methods and reconstruct the velocity field. Results of the radar experiment are validated by laboratory measurements, performed with a network analyzer, and by FDTD numerical simulation.
Plutonium-238 Recovery from Irradiated Neptunium Targets Using Solvent Extraction (2006)

The United States Department of Energy proposes to re-establish a domestic capability for producing plutonium-238 (238Pu) to fuel radioisotope power systems primarily in support of future space missions. A conceptual design report is currently being prepared for a new 238Pu, and neptunium-237 (237Np) target fabrication and processing facility tentatively to be built at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in the USA. The facility would be capable of producing at least 5 kg of 238Pu-oxide powder per year. Production of 238Pu requires fabrication of 237Np targets with subsequent irradiation in the existing Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) located at the INL. The targets are 237Np oxide dispersed in a compact of powdered aluminum and clad with aluminum metal. The 238Pu product is separated and purified from the residual 237Np, aluminum matrix, and fission products. The unconverted 237Np is also a valuable starting material and is separated, purified and recycled to the target fabrication process. The proposed baseline method for separating and purifying 238Pu and unconverted 237Np post irradiation is by anion exchange (IX). Separation of Pu from Np by IX was chosen as the baseline method because of the method's proven ability to produce a quality Pu product and because it is amenable to the relatively small scale, batch type production methods used (small batches of 200g 238Pu are processed at a time). Multiple IX cycles are required involving substantial volumes of nitric acid and other process solutions which must be cleaned and recycled or disposed of as waste. Acid recycle requires rather large evaporator systems, including one contained in a hot cell for remote operation. Finally, the organic based anion exchange resins are rapidly degraded due to the high α-dose and associated heat production from 238Pu decay, and must be regularly replaced (and disposed of as waste). In summary, IX is time consuming, cumbersome, and requires substantial tankage to accommodate the process. The primary purpose of the preliminary study discussed here is to develop an alternative process flowsheet using well-known solvent extraction (SX) techniques based on decades of experience with PUREX processing of nuclear materials. Ultimately, this initial study will be used to determine if an SX approach would offer any significant processing advantages relative to the currently proposed anion exchange process.
General DICOM PACS server for echocardiography images (2003)

This study tackles a PC based general DICOM server for storage of studies acquired at all commercially available echocardiography workstations currently in use at the University Hospitals in the Netherlands. This storage can be done by media or network. For transfer via the network the DICOM storage communication protocol is chosen to import DICOM image objects. Via media, DICOM and other formats can be imported. A software module provides for automatic conversion to DICOM part 10 file format. The images are copied to the central repository and the ancillary data, encoded as DICOM tags, are stored to a relational database. References to the images are also table items of the same database. After query and retrieve via SQL, review with a generic DICOM viewer is possible on a routine basis at any PC in the hospital.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HYDROLYSATES AND PEPTIDE FRACTIONS OF PORCINE PLASMA ALBUMIN AND GLOBULIN (2008)

ABSTRACT To investigate the antioxidant properties, hydrolysates of porcine plasma albumin and globulin were prepared through hydrolysis by Alcalase and were separated into five groups according to molecular weight (MW) by sequential ultrafiltration. The reducing power (RP), lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity and radical scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide of these fractions were evaluated. The RP of hydrolysates increased initially and then decreased during hydrolysis. Peptide fractions with smaller MW (<3 kDa) had higher RP compared with larger MW fractions. Peptide fractions had better lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity compared with vitamin E. Radical scavenging activity of DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide of albumin of small MW (<3 kDa) was higher than that of globulin (P < 0.05). Hydrolysates and peptide fractions of small MW of the two proteins have better antioxidant potential. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Animal blood is one of the valuable protein sources. A large amount of it is produced as a by-product by the meat industry in the world every year. In order to find potential applications for this largely wasted by-product, the antioxidant properties of hydrolysates of porcine blood albumin and globulin were investigated. It was found that hydrolysates and peptide fractions of porcine plasma albumin and globulin had good antioxidant properties. The hydrolyzation process was easy and economical, and would easily be applied to production scale.
Adrenomedullin and Adrenomedullin Binding Protein-1 Attenuate Vascular Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Sepsis (2004)

The above results suggest that vascular endothelial cell apoptosis occurs in late sepsis and the anti-apoptotic effects of AM/AMBP-1 appear to be in part responsible for their beneficial effects observed under such conditions.