gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated gut metabolome and microbiome fingerprinting reveals that dysbiosis precedes allergic inflammation in IgE-mediated pediatric cow's milk allergy (2023)

Background: IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy (IgE-CMA) is one of the first allergies to arise in early childhood and may result from exposure to various milk allergens, of which β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and casein are the most important. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind IgE-CMA is imperative for the discovery of novel biomarkers and the design of innovative treatment and prevention strategies. Methods: We report a longitudinal in vivo murine model, in which 2 mice strains (BALB/c and C57Bl/6) were sensitized to BLG using either cholera toxin or an oil emulsion (n=6 per group). After sensitization, mice were challenged orally, their clinical signs monitored, antibody (IgE and IgG1) and cytokine levels (IL-4 and IFN-γ) measured, and fecal samples subjected to metabolomics. The results of the murine models were further supported by fecal microbiome-metabolome data from our population of IgE-CMA (n=24) and healthy (n=23) children (Trial: NCT04249973), on which polar metabolomics, lipidomics and 16S rRNA metasequencing were performed. In vitro gastrointestinal digestions and multi-omics corroborated the microbial origin of proposed metabolic changes. Results: During sensitization, we observed multiple microbially derived metabolic alterations, most importantly bile acid, energy and tryptophan metabolites, that preceded allergic inflammation. The latter was reflected in a disturbed sphingolipid metabolism. We confirmed microbial dysbiosis, and its causal effect on metabolic alterations in our patient cohort, which was accompanied by metabolic signatures of low-grade inflammation. Conclusion: Our results indicate that gut dysbiosis precedes allergic inflammation and nurtures a chronic low-grade inflammation in children on elimination diets, opening important new opportunities for future prevention and treatment strategies.
DXMSMS Match Program for Automated Analysis of LC‐MS/MS Data Obtained Using Isotopically Coded CID‐Cleavable Cross‐Linking Reagents (2014)

Cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry for the study of proteins and protein complexes is greatly facilitated by the use of isotopically coded cleavable cross-linking reagents. The isotopic coding of the cross-linker enables confident detection of the cross-link signals, while cleavage of the cross-linker provides masses of the individual peptides composing the cross-link and, therefore, facilitates unambiguous assignment of the cross-links. Here, we describe the DXMSMS Match program, designed for automatic analysis of LC-MS/MS mass spectrometric data obtained with isotopically coded CID-cleavable cross-linkers. The program verifies the assignments of the cross-links by precursor mass and by inspection of the MS/MS spectra for the fragments and the cleavage products of the cross-linked peptides. The program produces nonprobabilistic scores for matching the spectra to the theoretical fragmentation of the cross-links and a visual interface for the validation of the mass spectral matches.
Evaluating Internal Maturity of Tomatoes using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (2012)

This research explored the use of spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) for nondestructive evaluation of internal maturity of tomatoes. A Raman system using a 785-nm laser was developed to collect spatially offset spectra in the wavenumber range of 2002500 cm1. The SORS measurements were conducted using a source-detector distance ranging from 0 to 5 mm with a step size of 0.2 mm. One hundred and sixty tomatoes at seven ripeness stages (i.e., immature green, mature green, breaker, turning, pink, light red, and red) were tested. The feasibility of the SORS for subsurface detection was examined by using a Teflon slab placed under outer pericarp slices of 5-mm and 10-mm thicknesses cut from green and red tomatoes. Raman signals from the outer pericarp layer and the Teflon layer were effectively separated by self-modeling mixture analysis of the offset spectra after fluorescence correction. Three Raman peaks due to carotenoids inside the tomatoes started showing at the mature green stage. Two peaks appeared consistently at 1001 and 1151 cm1, and the third peak was gradually shifted from 1525 cm1 (lutein at mature green stage) to 1513 cm1 (lycopene at red stage) owing to the loss of lutein and -carotene and the accumulation of lycopene during tomato ripening. The Raman peak changes were evaluated by spectral information divergence (SID) with pure lycopene as the reference. The SID values decreased as the tomatoes ripened, and thus these values can be used to evaluate the internal ripeness of tomatoes.
Percutaneous Image-Guided Ablation of Lung Tumors (2021)

Tumors of the lung, including primary cancer and metastases, are notoriously common and difficult to treat. Although surgical resection of lung lesions is often indicated, many conditions disqualify patients from being surgical candidates. Percutaneous image-guided lung ablation is a relatively new set of techniques that offers a promising treatment option for a variety of lung tumors. Although there have been no clinical trials to definitively compare its efficacy to those of traditional treatments, lung ablation is widely practiced and generally accepted to be safe and effective. Especially encouraging results have recently emerged for cryoablation, one of the newer ablative techniques. This article reviews the indications, techniques, contraindications, and complications of percutaneous image-guided ablation of lung tumors with special attention to cryoablation and its recent developments in protocol optimization.
Cerebral low-grade lymphoma and light chain deposition disease: exceedingly high IgG levels in the cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic clue (2010)

Herein, we report the case of a 72-year-old male with an exceedingly rare manifestation of a low-grade lymphoma in the brain associated with light chain deposition disease (LCDD). The patient presented with epileptic seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed multiple hyperintense lesions in the right parietal lobe that were suspicious of vasculitis, low-grade glioma, or neurosarcoidosis. In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but not in the serum, highly elevated IgG was found. A stereotactic biopsy of one cerebral lesion was performed. Histopathology revealed a low grade lymphoplasmacytic B-cell lymphoma with light chain deposition disease (LCDD). Bone marrow biopsy and laboratory workup did not show any systemic involvement. LCDD exclusively affecting the brain is an exceedingly rare finding. It can be associated with low-grade B-cell lymphoma. This is the first report of LCDD exclusively affecting the brain in an elderly patient. Compared with the two younger patients previously reported, the course of the disease was of a slow-evolving nature. In constellations of highly elevated IgG in CSF and multiple white matter lesions, LCDD should be considered as underlying pathology.
Mechanistic-Empirical Approach for Modeling Reflection Cracking (2000)

Models developed to predict reflective cracking in flexible pavement overlays do not explicitly incorporate the combined effect of the cracked and uncracked areas in the original pavement. This affects the development of cracks in the overlay. Therefore, a model is needed that will incorporate this factor explicitly, making predicting of cracking in pavement overlays more realistic in pavement management systems and pavement reliability. A mechanistic approach based on fracture mechanics with an empirical stochastic form to develop the desired model is presented. This approach has been adopted because the new design trends (such as the new 2002 AASHTO design guide) will follow a more mechanistic approach than the current trends. In addition, this approach is lacking in the literature for data of in-service roads. The use of the developed model for the study of crack initiation is presented. Data obtained from the Florida Department of Transportation are divided into Interstates and arterials. The results show that the proposed model predicts the observed cracking with an R 2 of 0.72 for the Interstates and 0.40 for the arterials. Because the exact time of crack initiation is not recorded, the observed crack-initiation time is approximated by the last time no cracking was observed (i.e., right before cracking was first recorded). The proposed methodology predicts the crack-initiation time with an average absolute error of 18.6 percent.
Machine learning and rendering (2018)

Machine learning techniques just recently enabled dramatic improvements in both realtime and offline rendering. In this course, we introduce the basic principles of machine learning and review their relations to rendering. Besides fundamental facts like the mathematical identity of reinforcement learning and the rendering equation, we cover efficient and surprisingly elegant solutions to light transport simulation, participating media, noise removal, and anti-aliasing.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide : isolation, distribution and receptor binding (1990)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37 amino acid neuropeptide with a potent vasodilatory activity, predicted to result from alternative processing of the primary RNA transcript of calcitonin (CT) gene. The work described in this thesis includes; assay development and validation, isolation and purification of CGRP, and the characterisation of the CGRP receptor from man and four other species.&#13;\nFollowing an introduction and literature survey of the CT/CGRP gene and its products, the methods used to isolate and purify CGRP, and to study the distribution of this peptide and its receptors are described. These methods were then validated, and the distribution of CGRP, CT and katacalcin in man (and the carboxy-terminal adjacent peptide in rat) were studied to understand the basic physiology of CGRP. I have demonstrated the presence of both a-CGRP and |J-CGRP in tissues, plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in man. Messenger RNAs for a-CGRP and {FCGRP were identified, and the expressed a- and (1-CGRP peptides isolated and purified from normal human tissues, and fully characterised. To further understand the pathophysiology of CGRP, the receptor was characterised in rat, sheep, cow, pig and in man. A novel, highly specific and sensitive radioreceptor assay was developed to measure tissue contents and plasma levels of CGRP. The implications of die findings and possible future research are discussed in the final chapter.&#13;\nI have demonstrated the presence of not only a-CGRP and (1-CGRP in man, but also its multiple immunological and molecular weight forms in tissues, plasma and in CSF. The demonstrated distribution of CGRP and its receptors are consistent with the postulated functions of CGRP. This is the first study to demonstrate the full expression of the a- and 0-CGRP gene in normal tissues in man. To understand the mechanism of action of CGRP at the molecular level, this study is being further extended to the purification of the CGRP-receptor and the cloning of its gene. In the long term, one might envisage the eventual development of receptor-based peptide and non-peptide CGRP-mimetic analogues for clinical use in man.
DDRE-17. A PHASE I CLINICAL TRIAL OF DOSE-ESCALATED METABOLIC THERAPY COMBINED WITH CONCOMITANT RADIATION THERAPY IN HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Animal brain-tumor models have demonstrated a synergistic interaction between radiation therapy and a ketogenic diet (KD). Metformin has in-vitro anti-cancer activity, through AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition. We sought to assess the feasibility of combined radiation, KD and metformin in adults with high grade gliomas. METHODS A prospective single-institution phase I clinical trial of combined metabolic therapy and radiotherapy. Radiotherapy was either 60Gy over six weeks or 35Gy over two weeks for newly diagnosed and recurrent gliomas, respectively. The dietary intervention consisted of a KD supplemented with medium chain triglycerides (MCT). There were three cohorts 1) dietary intervention alone, 2) low-dose metformin combined with dietary intervention and 3) high-dose metformin combined with dietary intervention. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02149459. RESULTS A total of 13 patients were accrued, median age 61 years, of whom 6 had newly diagnosed and 7 with recurrent disease. All completed radiation therapy; 5 patients stopped the metabolic intervention early. Metformin 850mg three-times daily was poorly tolerated. There were no grade 4 / 5 adverse events, and only one grade 3 event (nausea). The median level of ketones during the intervention was 0.5 mM. Ketone levels were associated with dietary factors (high fat, low carbohydrates, MCT intake), use of metformin and low insulin levels. Median progression free survival was 10 months for newly diagnosed disease and 4 months for recurrent disease. CONCLUSIONS The intervention was fairly well tolerated, however only moderate ketones levels were obtained. Metformin use and dietary intake were associated with higher serum ketone levels. The recommended phase II dose is the 8 weeks of a low-carbohydrate diet combined with 850mg metformin twice daily.
Study on Properties of Epoxy Resins Modified by Nano-Silica (2011)

Organic precursor of EP/PU was prepared by epoxy resin which was polyurethane toughened, and then modified epoxy resin adhesive was synthesized using nano-silica as modifier. Microstructure of composite materials was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the results showed that the inorganic phase had good compatibility in polymer matrix, and polyurethane in epoxy resin have formed the "island structure". The mechanical properties, thermal stability and dielectric loss, dielectric constant of composites were investigated. The results indicated that doping of appropriate amount of nano-silica could improve mechanical property, shear strength and impact strength of 2wt% SiO 2 /EP-PU were increased 173% and 106.67%, than that of pre-doping of composite, respectively. Thermal decomposition temperature (T d ) was increased, T d of 2wt%SiO 2 /EP-PU was increased 8.1°C than that of pre-doped of material. Dielectric constant (ε) was as follows: was decreased with the increase of frequency, but increased with the increase of inorganic component, dielectric loss (tanδ) was increased with the increase of frequency and inorganic doping.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Oxidation of ((Arylthioalkylpyrrolidino)carbene) chromium(0) Pentacarbonyl Complexes: Synthesis of (Arylsulfinyl and Arylsulfonylalkylpyrrolidino)carbene Complexes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measuring WirelessHART against wired fieldbus for control (2012)

Wireless applications in process automation started in areas where wireless sensors provide rich process information to the automation systems. Shortly after WirelessHART became the international standard, both ISA100.11a and WirelessHART claimed that their respective wireless technology could be applied to control as well. Although both standards provide provisions for supporting control over wireless, actual installations of wireless control systems have been slow to be adopted. Due to people's wariness of using wireless in combination with the serious nature of control, what is needed is a demonstration of performance and reliability of control when being executed across wireless media. A good starting point is a comparison between a wireless control system and its wired counterpart. In this paper we first study if we can establish a WirelessHART control loop the same way as a wired one; then we study if our WirelessHART control loop could achieve the same execution rates and reliability as a wired Foundation Fieldbus control loop. The experiment affirms that, in most likely cases, control over a WirelessHART network could be as good as control over a wired fieldbus.
The 24‐hour normothermic machine perfusion of discarded human liver grafts (2017)

Donor organ shortage necessitates use of less than optimal donor allografts for transplantation. The current cold storage preservation technique fails to preserve marginal donor grafts sufficiently. Evidence from large animal experiments suggests superiority of normothermic machine preservation (NMP) of liver allografts. In this study, we analyze discarded human liver grafts that underwent NMP for the extended period of 24 hours. Thirteen human liver grafts which had been discarded for transplantation were entered into this study. Perfusion was performed with an automated device using an oxygenated, sanguineous perfusion solution at normothermia. Automated control was incorporated for temperature-, flow-, and pressure-regulation as well as oxygenation. All livers were perfused for 24 hours; parameters of biochemical and synthetic liver function as well as histological parameters of liver damage were analyzed. Livers were stratified for expected viability according to the donor's medical history, procurement data, and their macroscopic appearance. Normothermic perfusion preservation of human livers for 24 hours was shown to be technically feasible. Human liver grafts, all of which had been discarded for transplantation, showed levels suggesting organ viability with respect to metabolic and synthetic liver function (to varying degrees). There was positive correlation between instantly available perfusion parameters and generally accepted predictors of posttransplant graft survival. In conclusion, NMP is feasible reliably for periods of at least 24 hours, even in highly suboptimal donor organs. Potential benefits include not only viability testing (as suggested in recent clinical implementations), but also removal of the time constraints associated with the utilization of high-risk livers, and recovery of ischemic and other preretrieval injuries (possibly by enabling therapeutic strategies during NMP). Liver Transplantation 23 207-220 2017 AASLD.
EVALUATION OF ELASTOMERIC BRIDGE BEARINGS FOR SEISMIC DESIGN (2002)

Elastomeric bridge bearings have been used by various states in the mid-America region to accommodate thermal movement of bridge decks for over thirty years. Their potential role for mitigating damage in the infrequent but high consequence earthquakes that characterize the central United States is explored in this project. The potential protective role of conventional elastomeric bearings is critically influenced by material properties such as shear modulus, known to be temperature dependent. The degree of influence at low temperatures is determined through experimental studies. Slip characteristics of in-service aged and contaminated Teflon interfaces are determined. Full-scale bearings taken from existing bridges in addition to new bearings form the basis of these tests. Materials tests performed on the elastomer characterize the properties of aged bearings. The influence of these physical properties on possible bridge damage caused by earthquake ground shaking is assessed through computational simulations. A retrofit bearing with improved details for seismic isolation is designed and tested. An apparatus for testing the bearings was developed to simulate actual loading conditions. The apparatus provides a temperature-controlled chamber to allow for low temperature testing. Test protocols are developed to address the influence of testing parameters such as low temperature exposure and compressive stress. The prototype retrofit bearing design was also tested in this setup. The seismic response of a representative bridge is assessed by computational simulations conducted using the nonlinear analysis software DRAIN-2DX.
Implications of Collisionally-Supported Giant Molecular Clouds for Spiral Galactic Structure and Massive Star Formation (1981)

A study has been made of the environment experienced by ballistically moving giant molecular clouds (GMCs) as they encounter a hydrodynamically flowing interstellar medium. The hydrodynamically flowing gas is assumed to consist of an ensemble of discrete small clouds. GMCs are assumed to be born in spiral galactic shock fronts from which they are ejected at postshock velocities. The mechanism for the support of GMCs suggested by Bash, Hausman, and Papaloizou is invoked to determine the fate of these clouds (i.e., lifetime and star-forming capability). According to that model, support occurs when the energy loss through decay of turbulence in the clouds is balanced by energy input via collisions with smaller clouds. Additionally, we assume that an excessive energy input will destroy a GMC and that an unsupported cloud will collapse to form massive stars and H II regions. If the galactic distributions of small colliding clouds are like those observed for H II, the model predictions are in agreement with several observational characteristics of the Galaxy and M81. Radial rates of star formation (the H II region distributions)are reproduced for both galaxies, as are the H II region locations relative to the spiral shocks in M81. We also predictmore » CO and H II region velocity-longitude diagrams for the Galaxy. No such agreement with observations is seen when the small clouds are assumed to be distributed in a ''molecular ring.''« less
Altered actin and myosin expression in muscle during exposure to microgravity (1992)

The mechanism for cardiovascular deconditioning and skeletal muscle atrophy during microgravity is not known. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a decrease in contractile protein gene expression in the muscle of rats occurred after 14 days of microgravity. No differences existed in the profile of myosin protein isoforms or beta-myosin heavy chain mRNA in hearts between the flight and synchronous control groups. On the other hand, differences in the expression of beta-myosin heavy chain mRNA relative to the 18S and 28S rRNA in the heart between flight and synchronous control groups were noted with a covariance mapping analysis. Both the vastus intermedius and lateral gastrocnemius muscles exhibited significant (P less than 0.05) decreases in skeletal alpha-actin mRNA per unit of extractable RNA in the flight group compared with the synchronous control group. However, no significant difference for skeletal alpha-actin mRNA occurred in the triceps brachii muscle between these groups. Cytochrome c mRNA per unit of extractable RNA decreased (P less than 0.05) only in the vastus intermedius but not in the lateral gastrocnemius or triceps brachii muscles. In summary, changes in the pretranslational regulation of contractile protein gene expression occur in both heart and skeletal muscle after 14 days of microgravity.
NPSNET: Naval Training Integration (1995)

in the Proceedings of the 13th DIS Workshop, 18 - 22 September 1995, Orlando, Florida, pp. 107- 112.
A Computer-generated Work Schedule for Part-time Employees (1987)

The task of producing an adequate work schedule for&#13;\na pool of twenty or more part-time employees has never been&#13;\neasy. Producing a better schedule, which caters to the&#13;\npreferences of the employees, while meeting staffing&#13;\nrequirements, has always been arduous and time-consuming.&#13;\nPreviously, means were devised for getting a computer to&#13;\nassist in the process. This assistance reduced the time&#13;\nneeded for the production of a good schedule to less than&#13;\nfour hours.&#13;\nThis thesis presents an automated means for producing&#13;\na good schedule in less than a minute. The design of&#13;\nthe computer package that executes this task is herein&#13;\ndescribed and defended. At its core, the package uses&#13;\nBalas' branch-and-bound additive algorithm with extensions&#13;\ndevised for this scheduling application. The selection of&#13;\nan algorithm, the method of its implementation, and the&#13;\ncreation of performance enhancements are the key concerns&#13;\nof the thesis.