gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Venetoclax-based Rational Combinations are Effective in Models of <i>MYCN</i>-amplified Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Venetoclax is a small molecule inhibitor of the prosurvival protein BCL-2 that has gained market approval in BCL-2–dependent hematologic cancers including chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Neuroblastoma is a heterogenous pediatric cancer with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50% for high-risk patients, which includes nearly all cases with amplified &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;. We previously demonstrated that venetoclax is active in &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;-amplified neuroblastoma but has limited single-agent activity in most models, presumably the result of other pro-survival BCL-2 family protein expression or insufficient prodeath protein mobilization. As the relative tolerability of venetoclax makes it amenable to combining with other therapies, we evaluated the sensitivity of &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;-amplified neuroblastoma models to rational combinations of venetoclax with agents that have both mechanistic complementarity and active clinical programs. First, the MDM2 inhibitor NVP-CGM097 increases the prodeath BH3-only protein NOXA to sensitize p53-wild-type, &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;-amplified neuroblastomas to venetoclax. Second, the MCL-1 inhibitor S63845 sensitizes &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;-amplified neuroblastoma through neutralization of MCL-1, inducing synergistic cell killing when combined with venetoclax. Finally, the standard-of-care drug cocktail cyclophosphamide and topotecan reduces the apoptotic threshold of neuroblastoma, thus setting the stage for robust combination efficacy with venetoclax. In all cases, these rational combinations translated to &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; tumor regressions in &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt;-amplified patient-derived xenograft models. Venetoclax is currently being evaluated in pediatric patients in the clinic, including neuroblastoma (NCT03236857). Although establishment of safety is still ongoing, the data disclosed herein indicate rational and clinically actionable combination strategies that could potentiate the activity of venetoclax in patients with amplified &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt; with neuroblastoma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
GENEALOGICAL TREE OF THE ZENO FAMILY (2011)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
The Pathobiology of Diabetic Complications (2005)

It’s a great honor to join the exceptional club of Banting Award winners, many of whom were my role models and mentors. In addition, giving the Banting Lecture also has a very personal meaning to me, because without Frederick Banting, I would have died from type 1 diabetes when I was 8 years old. However, it was already apparent at the time I was diagnosed that for too many people like me, Banting’s discovery of insulin only allowed them to live just long enough to develop blindness, renal failure, and coronary disease. For example, when I started college, the American Diabetes Association’s Diabetes Textbook had this to say to my parents: “The person with type 1 diabetes can be reassured that it is highly likely that he will live at least into his 30s.” Not surprisingly, my parents did not find this particularly reassuring.

At the same time we were reading this in 1967, however, the first basic research discovery about the pathobiology of diabetic complications had just been published in Science the previous year. In my Banting Lecture today, I am thus going to tell you a scientific story that is also profoundly personal.

I’ve divided my talk into three parts. The first part is called “pieces of the puzzle,” and in it I describe what was learned about the pathobiology of diabetic complications starting with that 1966 Science paper and continuing through the end of the 1990s. In the second part, I present a unified mechanism that links together all of the seemingly unconnected pieces of the puzzle. Finally, in the third part, I focus on three examples of novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications, which are all based on the new paradigm of a unifying mechanism for the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. …
Preoperative serum albumin as a prognostic factor in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (2014)

Pretreatment albumin is a simple biomarker based on routinely available well-standardized measures, and is not an expensive and time-consuming process. Hypoalbuminemia is an independent marker of poor prognosis in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.
Genetic inferences about paternity in the Paisa community from Antioquia, Colombia (2017)

This paper compiles gene frequencies of classical, and DNA genetic markers in order to solve the power of non exclusion of paternity were used. The first way was the Bayesian approach that compute a likelihood ratio of the trio with the putative father as real father versus the trio with the real father as a random male. This likelihood ratio or paternity index can be transformed into a posterior probability if a prior probability of paternity is supplied. The other approach was that of the computation of the probability that a random male would not be excluded by at least one of the tests given the phenotypes of the mother and child. In this case, we carried out the estimation of the paternity index and of the non-exclusion probability. Both of these measures are computed for each locus separately and cumulated over all loci. All analyses are exemplified by using a real example. Finally, we estimated the paternity exclusion probability by using the Ohno et al. equation for each locus with n alleles.
Adverse effect (2007)

Pharmaceutical strategic business consultancy involved in partnering, licensing, acquisitions, divestments and new business start-ups. We assist in due diligence and write expert reports for investors. We are experts in business intelligence and markets
On the Acceleration of the Vector Fitting for Multiport Large-Scale Macromodeling (2020)

Vector fitting (VF) is a robust macromodeling method to construct rational models of a network based on tabulated frequency responses. When fitting a network with a large number of ports, the matrix equation in VF quickly grows into a formidable size. The conventional strategy is to break the equation into several small QR factorizations and then combine the results into a least-squares (LS) problem. In this letter, an alternative solution procedure is proposed, the complexity of which is 2.7 times smaller than the conventional approach in terms of floating-point operations (FLOPs). Test cases of 40-200-port data show that the actual computing time can be reduced by as much as 85%, which presents a considerable saving for large-scale problems.
DSP core with parallel module testability (2003)

A description is given of a custom-designed, 160 K-transistor TMS320C25 DSP (digital signal processor) core processor, which has been combined with a 5 K user-programmable gate array and built-in parallel module testability. The research vehicle, designed to analyze practical issues of embedded core DSPs and manufactured in a 1- mu m CMOS process, runs at a 50-MHz clock frequency in the DSP core and has a gate delay of 0.5 ns (FO=3) in the gate array. The parallel module test (PMT) methodology is used to obtain and effectively test the DSP core during manufacturing. The method introduces a minimum speed penalty, approximately one quarter of a nanosecond, under normal operation paths and requires only one dedicated TEST pin at the device package. The joint test action group PMT system architecture can also support board-level testing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the Energy Efficiency of Cell-Free Systems With Limited Fronthauls: Is Coherent Transmission Always the Best Alternative? (2022)

Existing works concluded that coherent transmission outperforms non-coherent transmission in the downlink of cell-free systems when the fronthaul links have unlimited capacity. Since the capacity of the fronthaul links of cell-free networks is typically limited, in this paper we ask the question whether this conclusion holds under more realistic assumptions on the fronthaul capacity. To answer this question, we study and compare the performance of these transmission strategies by formulating novel energy efficiency (EE) maximization problems for both strategies, where we explicitly consider realistic fronthaul capacity and power consumption constraints. Despite the non-convexity of these problems, we derive closed-form equations to find suboptimal solutions of both problems using a unified framework that combines successive convex approximation and the Dinkelbach algorithm. Numerical results show that the performance of coherent transmission is severely impacted by limited fronthaul capacities, power consumption on the fronthaul links, user-centric cluster size and the number of antennas at the access points, such that in many cases non-coherent transmission achieves higher EE than coherent transmission. Based on these results, we provide deployment guidelines on when to use coherent or non-coherent transmission to maximize the EE of cell-free systems with limited fronthauls.
Direct numerical solution of algebraic Lyapunov equations for large-scale systems using Quantized Tensor Trains (2013)

We present a novel method for solving high-dimensional algebraic Lyapunov equations exploiting the recently proposed Quantized Tensor Train (QTT) numerical linear algebra. A key feature of the approach is that given a prescribed error tolerance, it automatically calculates the optimal lowest rank approximation of the solution in the Frobenius norm. The low rank nature of the approximation potentially enables a sublinear scaling of the computational complexity with the number of states of the dynamical system. The resulting solutions appear in a new matrix tensor format which we call the Vectorized-QTT-Matrix format. We show the effectiveness of our method by calculating the controllability Gramians for discretized reaction-diffusion equations. We introduce an algorithm for the new tensor format of the solution for calculating the matrix-by-vector product and combine it with the celebrated Lanczos algorithm to compute the dominant eigenvalues/eigenvectors of the matrix.
Asymmetrical volumes of the right and left frontal and occipital regions of the human brain (1982)

The volume of a portion of the frontal and occipital lobes was measured in 40 brains in the Yakovlev Collection. In 32 cases the volume of the right frontal lobe was larger than that of the left; in the same number of cases the left occipital lobe was larger than the right (p less than 0.01). The asymmetries existed in fetal brains as early as 20 weeks of gestation. The results confirm observations made with computed tomography and indicate that this nonrandom asymmetrical pattern is an early manifestation of human brain development.
New high-performance CAD scheme for the detection of polyps in CT colonography (2004)

We developed a new method for automated detection of colonic polyps in CT colonography. The colon is extracted from CT images by use of a centerline-based colon segmentation method. Polyp candidates are detected by use of hysteresis thresholding and fuzzy merging. The regions of the polyp candidates are segmented by use of conditional morphological dilation. False-positive polyp candidates are reduced by a region-based supine-prone correspondence method and by a Bayesian neural network with shape and texture features. To evaluate the method, CT colonography was performed for 121 patients with standard technique and single- and multi-detector helical scanners by use of 2.5-5.0 mm collimations, 1.0-5.0 mm reconstruction intervals, and 60-100 mA tube currents. Twenty-eight patients had a total of 42 polyps: 22 polyps were 5-10 mm, and 20 polyps were 11-25 mm in size. A leave-one-out evaluation of the CAD scheme with by-patient elimination yielded 93% by-polyp and by-patient detection sensitivities with 2.0 false-positive detections per data set on average. The average computation time was 4 minutes per data set. The results indicate that the CAD scheme may be useful in improving the performance of computer-aided detection for colon cancer in a clinical screening setting.
The potential of pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for determining the progress of lignification: An investigation of maturing asparagus sclerenchyma tissue (1994)

Abstract Sclerenchyma tissues from semi‐mature and mature asparagus spears were analysed by pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and by conventional chemical methods in order to determine the degree of lignification and compare analytical techniques. The pyrolysis data are similar to those obtained by a chemical method involving alkaline extraction at 70°C followed by spectrophotometric determination of phenolic content. The pyrolysis method was more rapid, sensitive and informative than the chemical technique and shows considerable potential for studying the chemical basis of the textural development of plant foods.
Angiotensin-(1–7)-induced activation of ERK1/2 is cAMP/protein kinase A-dependent in glomerular mesangial cells (2011)

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in renal physiology and kidney injury. Although the cellular effects of the RAS activation are generally attributed to angiotensin II (ANG II), the recent identification of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 has shifted the focus to other peptides including Ang-(1-7). The G protein-coupled receptor for Ang-(1-7), mas, is expressed by mesangial cells (MC) but the signal transduction pathways activated by Ang-(1-7) in MC have not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, we studied the effect of Ang-(1-7) on extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2 activation in rat MC. Ang-(1-7)-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in MC is time- and concentration-dependent. Pretreatment of MC with the mas receptor antagonist A-779 but not the AT(1) antagonist losartan or the AT(2) antagonist PD123319 abrogated ERK1/2 activation. Neither pretreatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin nor pretreatment with the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor antagonists AG1478 and PD158780 attenuated Ang-(1-7)-induced activation of ERK1/2. Even though each of these compounds abolished ANG II-induced activation of ERK1/2. Ang-(1-7) increased intracellular cAMP levels and activated protein kinase A (PKA) and inhibition of either adenylyl cyclase or PKA activity attenuated Ang-(1-7)-induced ERK1/2 activation. In conclusion, Ang-(1-7)-induced activation of ERK1/2 is cAMP/PKA-dependent in MC, but independent of NADPH oxidase and the EGF receptor.
Biomass Suspension Combustion: Effect of Two-Stage Combustion on NOx Emissions in a Laboratory-Scale Swirl Burner (2009)

A systematic study was performed in a suspension fired 20 kW laboratory-scale swirl burner test rig for combustion of biomass and co-combustion of natural gas and biomass. The main focus is put on the effect of two-stage combustion on the NO emission, as well as its effect on the incomplete combustion. When two-stage combustion was applied, the NO emission level can be significantly reduced. The experimental results show that an optimal first-stage combustion stoichiometry (λ1) exists, at which a minimum NO emission can be achieved. An optimal stoichiometry of around 0.8 in the fuel-rich zone exists with respect to minimizing NO emissions. When using wood and straw as co-firing fuels, 15−25% of the fuel-N is converted to NO. Straw appears to give the lowest conversion of fuel-N to NO. The results indicate that the optimal stoichiometry in the fuel-rich (λ1) zone for gaining the lowest NO may result from the homogeneous reaction, by comparing the NO emissions when firing natural gas with NH3 addition and co-firing natural gas and biomass. The experimental results also show no significant increase of incomplete combustion of gas and char by applying optimized two-stage combustion.
A reduced losses Field Oriented Control for Plug-in Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (2010)

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) or Full Electric Vehicle (FEV) can be very useful in order to meet fuel economy and to reduce pollutant emissions in transport in particular for use in the urban area. This kind of vehicles needs a medium to large battery stack in order to assure a good range in pure electric with zero emissions (30-40 km for PHEV and 120-150 km for FEV). The global power train efficiency is an important factor that has to be improved for a better utilization of the energy stored into the batteries. The electronic power converter (usually an inverter) in the electrical traction drive is one of the key component in the power train. In this paper a control method for reducing the inverter power losses and, consequently, for improving the efficiency and the motor exploiting has been studied. The proposed control method is a Modified Space Vector Field Oriented Control for an induction motor Furthermore, a better inverter efficiency allows a size reduction of the electrical drive cooling system.
“Pincer” Pyridine–Dicarbene–Iridium Complexes: Facile CH Activation and Unexpected η2‐Imidazol‐2‐ylidene Coordination (2008)

A bridge to somewhere: A series of pyridine dicarbene iridium “pincer” complexes is easily accessible when pyridine ring metalation is suppressed by methyl substitution (see structure; NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene). A new bridging binding mode of the imidazol-2-ylidene heterocycle, involving η2-alkene-like coordination, has been observed crystallographically.
High-pressure free-radical copolymerization of ethene and butyl methacrylate (1999)

The free-radical copolymerization of ethene (E) and butyl methacrylate (BMA) is studied between 160 and 250°C at 2000 bar. The reactions which were induced thermally are carried out in a continuously operated device at total monomer conversions mostly below 1%. Monomer feed concentrations are obtained from measured mass fluxes. Copolymer composition is determined via elemental analysis. Reactivity ratio data, rE and rBMA, are derived from non-linear least squares fitting of the monomer mixture and copolymer compositions. rE and rBMA, e. g. at 190°C and 2 000 bar, are found to be 0,044 ± 0,003 and 10,9 ± 1,1, respectively. Simulation studies suggest that depropagation of BMA units has no major influence on the copolymerization kinetics at the reaction conditions of the present study. The rBMA data are clearly different from rA, the acrylate reactivity ratio for E-methyl acrylate, E-butyl acrylate, and E-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymerizations. By adopting the simplifying terminal model, from reactivity ratios and from extrapolated homo-propagation rate coefficients, cross-propagation rate coefficients are derived. The activation energy of such coefficients primarily reflects the type of monomer molecule whereas the free-radical chain-end influences the pre-exponential factor. A few experiments were carried out to estimate the pressure dependence of rE. It turns out that the arithmetic mean of homo-propagation activation volumes provides a reasonable estimate of the pressure dependence of cross-propagation. The available data for rE and rBMA allow to model monomer concentration vs. polymer composition behavior of free-radical E-BMA copolymerization at technically relevant temperatures and pressures.
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy Approach to Butenolides by Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons Olefination of α‐Hydroxy Ketones. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ultrawideband normalized radar cross sections of distributed clutter (2012)

Theoretical and empirical formulas have been derived to compute the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) of distributed clutter targets for remote sensing applications. These formulas are usually parameterized in terms of the center frequency, and are therefore frequency-dependent. In recent years, high resolution measurements are being investigated for improved terrain characterization using ultrawideband (UWB) radar systems. In such cases, the NRCS value at the center frequency is generally used for calculations. This approximation does not cause too great an error when the system operates over a narrow frequency band, typically less than 10%. However, under UWB conditions, errors as large as a few decibels can occur under this assumption. We derive an expression for the UWB NRCS of distributed clutter as a function of the NRCS value at the center frequency and the fractional bandwidth. We show the application of these results in deducing the UWB signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) for representative targets. It is seen that the UWB SCR increases with increasing fractional bandwidth initially, and then tends to level off at higher fractional bandwidths.
Microarray-Based Analysis of theStaphylococcus aureusσBRegulon (2004)

Microarray-based analysis of the transcriptional profiles of the genetically distinct Staphylococcus aureus strains COL, GP268, and Newman indicate that a total of 251 open reading frames (ORFs) are influenced by sigmaB activity. While sigmaB was found to positively control 198 genes by a factor of > or =2 in at least two of the three genetic lineages analyzed, 53 ORFs were repressed in the presence of sigmaB. Gene products that were found to be influenced by sigmaB are putatively involved in all manner of cellular processes, including cell envelope biosynthesis and turnover, intermediary metabolism, and signaling pathways. Most of the genes and/or operons identified as upregulated by sigmaB were preceded by a nucleotide sequence that resembled the sigmaB consensus promoter sequence of Bacillus subtilis. A conspicuous number of virulence-associated genes were identified as regulated by sigmaB activity, with many adhesins upregulated and prominently represented in this group, while transcription of various exoproteins and toxins were repressed. The data presented here suggest that the sigmaB of S. aureus controls a large regulon and is an important modulator of virulence gene expression that is likely to act conversely to RNAIII, the effector molecule of the agr locus. We propose that this alternative transcription factor may be of importance for the invading pathogen to fine-tune its virulence factor production in response to changing host environments.
Improved method for measuring pipe-to-soil potential and current density at cathodically protected pipelines (1979)

Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., has developed an alternative method for measuring the true pipe-to-soil potentials and current density on cathodically protected pipelines that is effective even when stray currents interfere with the protection system. A key element in the technique is an analog probe simulating a coating holiday. The method assumes that the potential at the simulated holiday on the probe is identical to that of a holiday on the pipeline; when current from the pipeline to the probe is interrupted, a voltmeter records the potential of the probe. The probe and a reference anode are exposed at or near pipeline depth for the measurement. The procedure eliminates the potential-drop allowance required for other methods of pipe-to-soil measurement and permits a precise assessment of the effects of holidays on pipe-to-soil potential, current density, soil environment, and pipe coating.