gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estradiol Promotes and Maintains Cumulus Cell Expression of Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 2 (NPR2) and Meiotic Arrest in Mouse Oocytes In Vitro (2011)

Natriuretic peptide type C (NPPC) and its cognate receptor natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) are essential for maintaining meiotic arrest in mouse oocytes residing in Graafian follicles. Cumulus cells, which are associated with the oocyte, express the receptor NPR2, a guanylyl cyclase, whereas mural granulosa cells express ligand NPPC. This study determined the temporal expression of Npr2 and the hormonal factors that participate in regulating its expression and, thereby, in oocyte meiotic arrest. Stimulation of follicular development in vivo with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) promoted expression of Npr2 mRNA by cumulus cells and some periantral mural granulosa cells. However, FSH did not elevate the levels of Npr2 mRNA in cultured cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) isolated from mice not stimulated in vivo with eCG. Nevertheless, estradiol elevated expression of this transcript in vitro to the same steady-state level found in COCs isolated from eCG-stimulated follicles in vivo. Expression of Npr2 mRNA was rapidly reduced in COCs in vitro after isolation from eCG-primed mice unless maintained in culture with estradiol. The ability of NPPC to maintain meiotic arrest in cultured COCs was transient unless culture was in estradiol-containing medium. Ability of cumulus cells to produce cyclic GMP, which is required for the maintenance of meiotic arrest, was also lost in the absence of estradiol, indicating that estradiol is required to maintain functional NPR2 receptors on cumulus cells in vitro. It is concluded that estradiol promotes and maintains expression of NPR2 in cumulus cells and participates in NPPC-mediated maintenance of oocyte meiotic arrest in vitro.
Phase Behavior of Cocoa Butter in a Two-Step Isothermal Crystallization (2004)

Different analytical techniques (differential scanning calorimetry, pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance, and real-time X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation) were used to study the isothermal cocoa butter crystallization at temperatures between 19 and 23 °C. In this temperature range, the crystallization was shown to consist of two steps. In the first step, part of the melt crystallizes into the α polymorph, while in the second step α crystals transform into β‘ crystals via a solid−solid transition. This second step starts before the melt-to-α transition is complete if crystallization is conducted at low temperatures. In the late stage of this solidification process, the α crystallization stops and only the polymorphic transition from α into β‘ is observed. No β‘ crystals are formed directly from the melt after the conversion has come to an end since an isosbestic point appears in the small-angle X-ray scattering patterns during the late stage of solidification that lasts until the very end of the β‘ crystal formation.
Biochemical Characterization of the Drosophila dpp Protein, a Member of the Transforming Growth Factor β Family of Growth Factors (1990)

The decapentaplegic (dpp) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is required for pattern formation in the embryo and for viability of the epithelial cells in the imaginal disks. The dpp protein product predicted from the DNA sequence is similar to members of a family of growth factors that includes transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). We have produced polyclonal antibodies to a recombinant dpp protein made in bacteria and used a metallothionein promoter to express a dpp cDNA in Drosophila S2 cells. Similar to other proteins in the TGF-beta family, the dpp protein produced by the Drosophila cells was proteolytically cleaved, and both portions of the protein were secreted from the cells. The amino-terminal 47-kilodalton (kDa) peptide was found in the medium and in the proteins adhering to the plastic petri dish. The carboxy-terminal peptide, the region with sequence similarity to the active ligand portion of TGF-beta, was found extracellularly as a 30-kDa homodimer. Most of the 30-kDa homodimer was in the S2 cell protein adsorbed onto the surface of the plastic dish. The dpp protein could be released into solution by increased salt concentration and nonionic detergent. Under these conditions, the amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal portions of dpp were not associated in a stable complex.
Long-Term Blood Pressure Control Prevents Oxidative Renal Injury (2005)

Arterial hypertension is a leading contributor to the progression of chronic renal disease. Short-term studies had addressed the role of oxidative stress in hypertensive nephropathy. We have now studied oxidative stress and caspase activation in a long-term model of hypertensive renal injury. Nontreated spontaneously hypertensive rats with uninephrectomy displayed severe arterial hypertension over a 36-week follow-up. Uncontrolled high blood pressure in the context of modest renal mass reduction resulted in significant histological renal injury. Blood pressure control by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, quinapril, or the AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan, decreased the degree of renal injury. Hypertensive renal injury was associated with evidence of activation of the apoptotic pathway (increased activation of caspase-3) and local renal (increased staining for 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) and systemic [increased serum levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha)] lipid oxidation when compared with normotensive control rats. In addition, severe hypertension decreased the renal antioxidant defenses, as exemplified by decreased expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Treatment with quinapril or losartan decreased caspase-3 activation, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal staining, and 8-iso-PGF2alpha levels and increased Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase expression. These results suggest that hypertension-associated oxidative stress and its consequences may be decreased by either ACE inhibition or AT1 receptor antagonist, emphasizing the role of angiotensin II in hypertensive renal damage.
Ultrathin layers of phosphorylated cellulose derivatives on aluminium surfaces (2000)

In recent works the self-assembly process has been investigated to replace the present chromating procedure on reactive metals like aluminium and to improve the lacquer adhesion and corrosion inhibition. These self-assembling layers were formed of small bifunctional organic molecules with phosphate or phosphonic acid groups attached to the metal substrate. The idea of this work was to apply these results and techniques to cellulose derivatives on implant metals. The formation of ultrathin layers of phosphorylated cellulose derivatives has been reported previously. These ultrathin layers were built on metal substrates like aluminium, titanium or steel for adhesion promotion and corrosion inhibition. Hydroxypropyl-2-phosphatepropyl cellulose was synthesised for adhesion on hydrophilic metallic surfaces. Hydroxypropyl-2-cinnamoylpropylester cellulose was prepared in order to crosslink the adsorbed layers. The layers were formed on metal surfaces via dip coating from dilute solutions and characterised by means of contact angle measurements, SEM investigations and FT-IR spectroscopy. Initial corrosion tests were performed.
Measurements and a model of the outer hair cell hydraulic conductivity (1996)

The hydraulic conductivity of the cochlear outer hair cell (OHC) is central to the maintenance of the positive intracellular pressure necessary for its function as the cochlear amplifier. A mathematical model of osmotic water transport across the OHC membrane is formulated. The model relates the OHC hydraulic conductivity, Lp, to the rate of volume change in response to osmotic stimuli. Lp is evaluated from osmotic experiments in which isolated OHCs are exposed to an hypotonic solution. The rate of volume increase in response to the hypotonic challenge was determined by a morphometric analysis of video images of cells. Lp was found to be about 10(-14) m s-1 Pa-1 or equivalently, Pf approximately 10(-4) cm s-1. This is on the low side of values reported for different lipid bilayers and is 2 orders of magnitude lower than the hydraulic conductivity of red blood cells. The relation of the low OHC hydraulic conductivity to the composition and morphology of its membranes is discussed.
2014 American Pancreatic Association Presidential Address (2014)

Stephen J. Pandol, MD President, American Pancreatic AssociationI join my friend and esteemed colleague Dr Tooru Shimosegawa for this invitation to join us for a magnificent meeting planned at the Hapuna Resort on the Big Island of Hawaii. We feel that this is the perfect location because of its quiet, peaceful, and beautiful surroundings that will allow us an unparalleled opportunity to make significant progress in our joint efforts to share research findings and ideas to improve research and better patient outcomes in the pancreas world. We have planned the meeting to take advantage of the complementary talents of members of both the Japan Pancreas Society and the American Pancreatic Association (APA) as well our admired colleagues from other countries. For this meeting, we have placed a special emphasis on addressing strategies to develop early diagnostic markers for pancreatic cancer and to move forward in developing treatments for acute pancreatitis along with metrics for measuring the quality and performance of the care. We specifically want to thank the Kenner Foundation for sponsoring a workshop devoted to strategies on early diagnostics for pancreatic cancer and the Hirshberg Foundation for their continued support of topics in pancreatic cancer. I join Dr Shimosegawa in thanking Dr Ashok Saluja for his inspiration in suggesting the site for our meeting and ensuring that we continue this collaboration between our societies and Dr Kiochi Takehara for his magnificent organizational skills in helping us to rapidly come to consensus on the planning aspects of the meeting. We also thank Erin Brudvik in the APA office for her tireless efforts to arrange each and every detail of the meeting. As Dr Shimosegawa indicated, we are blessed to have had a long history of meaningful interactions between our societies initiated by the APA and the Japan Pancreas Society pioneers. We are entrusted to continue this tradition with the expectation that our combined efforts will have a significant and beneficial impact for patients who develop pancreatic diseases. Thank you for joining us and we promise to exceed your expectations.
Apolipoprotein B improves risk assessment of future coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study beyond LDL-C and non-HDL-C (2015)

apoB improves risk assessment of future coronary heart disease events over and beyond LDL-C or non-HDL-C, which is consistent with coronary risk being more closely related to the number of atherogenic apoB particles than to the mass of cholesterol within them.
On the performance of eigenbeamformer transmit diversity concept in WCDMA network (2003)

We consider the performance of a WCDMA network when an advanced transmit diversity concept called eigenbeamformer is applied. When multiple antennas are used, performance gains are expected. Eigenbeamformer is a closed loop technique where a set of suitable beams is employed. No studies exist for the effects of the technique on system performance in a dynamic environment. This is crucial due to the fact that eigenbeamforming may lead to misdirected beams due to mobility and, as a consequence, might lead to performance losses rather than gains. We present such a study and draw conclusions about the achieved capacity gains/losses. The eigenbeamformer concept works with optimistic assumptions. However, when the effect of errors is taken into account, the process results in performance losses rather than gains.
Efficient Large‐scale Three‐dimensional Mobile Mapping for Underground Mines (2014)

Mapping large‐scale underground environments, such as mines and tunnels, is typically a time‐consuming and challenging endeavor. Existing methods based on terrestrial laser scanning are inefficient, and commercial mobile mapping systems are not suitable for underground use. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) solutions have the potential to efficiently survey underground environments while continuously moving, without relying on external positioning systems. However, no three‐dimensional (3D) SLAM systems have thus far been demonstrated to be capable of mapping underground mines at kilometer scales. We have developed a solution that can accurately estimate, based on laser range and inertial measurements, the six‐degrees‐of‐freedom trajectory of a sensor platform that continuously moves through an environment, as well as a 3D point cloud map of that environment. The key software components of the solution are continuous‐time non‐rigid registration, scalable place recognition, and robust pose graph optimization. A system consisting of a spinning 2D laser scanner and an industrial‐grade inertial measurement unit mounted on a light vehicle was deployed at Northparkes Mine in Australia and used to map over 17 km of mine tunnel in 113 min while traveling at typical mine traffic speeds. Our processing software automatically produces a trajectory and point cloud of the mine in under half of the data acquisition time. The accuracy of the solution exceeds the raw sensor characteristics and matches closely to a surveyed map of the same environment.
A Tool Pack Mechanism for DRM Interoperability (2007)

As the number of digital content service providers increases, a variety of digital rights management (DRM) systems appear without supporting interoperability. The lack of interoperability in DRM systems causes inconvenience to customers, especially when they want to play content through multiple devices manufactured by different vendors. In this letter, we propose a novel method to support interoperability between different DRM systems. The proposed technique aims to build an open framework structure which satisfies DRM vendors' requirements by enhancing the security of intellectual property management and the protection tools.
Stacking fault nucleation sites in diffused 4H-SiC p-i-n diodes. (2005)

The nucleation and development of stacking faults formed during the forward high current stress operation of 4H-SiC silicon carbide p-i-n diodes were investigated using the electron beam induced current mode of scanning electron microscopy and chemical etching in molten KOH. Two initial sources of stacking fault development were found. In addition to preexisting basal plane dislocations, localized defects in the near surface region, attributed to clusters of impurities, were found to serve as nucleation centers for stacking fault development during forward biasing of the diffused p-i-n diodes. Differences were observed in the electrical activity of stacking faults in diodes with the p+ region created by diffusion versus epitaxial growth.
Formal verification of the HAL S1 System cache coherence protocol (1997)

The paper describes the authors' experience applying formal verification to the cache coherence protocol of the HAL S1 System, a shared-memory and/or message-passing multiprocessor consisting of standard Intel Pentium/sup (R/) Pro symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) servers connected by HAL's proprietary Mercury Interconnect to create a cache-coherent, non-uniform memory access (CC-NUMA) machine. In recent years, several researchers have described the verification of cache coherence protocols to demonstrate the potential of formal verification. In this project, they sought to quantify this potential by carefully tracking the effort and results of applying formal verification, rather than simply demonstrating that verification was possible. Based on their records and experience, they show that protocol-level formal verification, properly applied, is sufficiently well-understood to be routinely undertaken, and they describe the techniques used to simplify the verification process. On the negative side, their formal verification methodology has limitations, so they outline the pitfalls encountered and recommend ways to minimize them.
Contact Material for Vacuum Interrupters based on CuCr with a Specific High Short Circuit Interruption Ability (2006)

Vacuum interrupters (VI) with specific high short circuit interruption ability are mostly equipped with the well known contact material based on copper and chromium. A review of different production techniques as well as behaviour and microstructure of commercially available materials is presented with emphasis on two of the predominantly applied methods. The contact material's switching performance strongly depends on it's mechanical properties, gas and element concentration evaluated for each batch of base material. The contacts microstructure is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Switching performance is proven on standard Vis and the examination is held in a high performance lab by interrupting a sequence with a huge number of short circuit currents in accordance to the standards according IEC 62271-100. When conducting limitation tests at higher demands than required a ranking of material batches is presented. The study is based on standard contact material with a chromium content of 25 wt.% used on the transverse magnetic field (TMF) contact system. Derived from the results a very compact VI for a rating of 40.5 kV at 40 kA with increased specific performance is introduced
A Refined Canonical Data Model for Multi-schema Integration and Mapping (2011)

Current approaches in e-Business schema mapping and matching focus on pair-wise comparison of schemas. This paper gives an overview of how n-way comparison of e-Business schemas via a canonical data model can benefit to schema matching and mapping processes. We construct a refined canonical data model by integrating a set of input schemas into one comprehensive representation. This canonical data model represents the closure of all integrated schemas. In several use cases, the advantages of the canonical data model are demonstrated. Our work is based on excerpts from realistic input schemas and provides a concrete, ideal canonical data model as a reference for further research.
FABP5 deficiency enhances susceptibility to H1N1 influenza A virus-induced lung inflammation (2013)

The early inflammatory response to influenza A virus infection contributes to severe lung disease and continues to pose a serious threat to human health. The mechanisms by which inflammatory cells invade the respiratory tract remain unclear. Uncontrolled inflammation and oxidative stress cause lung damage in response to influenza A infection. We have previously shown that the fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) has anti-inflammatory properties. We speculate that, as a transporter of fatty acids, FABP5 plays an important protective role against oxidative damage to lipids during infection as well. Using FABP5-/- and wild-type (WT) mice infected with influenza A virus, we showed that FABP5-/- mice had increased cell infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils compared with WT mice. FABP5-/- mice presented lower viral burden but lost as much weight as WT mice. The adaptive immune response was also increased in FABP5-/- mice as illustrated by the accumulation of T and B cells in the lung tissues and increased levels of H1N1-specific IgG antibodies. FABP5 deficiency greatly enhanced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation following influenza A infection and presented with sustained tissue inflammation. Interestingly, FABP5 expression decreased following influenza A infection in WT lung tissues that corresponded to a decrease in the anti-inflammatory molecule PPAR-γ activity. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a previously unknown contribution of FABP5 to influenza A virus pathogenesis by controlling excessive oxidative damage and inflammation. This property could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
Injury-induced platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α expression mediated by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release and cooperative transactivation by NF-κB and ATF-4. IL-1β FACILITATES HDAC-1/2 DISSOCIATION FROM PROMOTER. (2010)

VOLUME 284 (2009) PAGES 27933–27943 This article has been withdrawn by the authors.
Soft Start-up of Three Phase CLLC Converter Based on State Trajectory Control (2021)

The bi-directional five-element CLLC resonant converter is attracting great attention for battery charger applications. The three-phase interleaved CLLC converter can deliver more power with lower conduction losses as compared to the single-phase CLLC. Resonant converters, including the three-phase interleaved CLLC, suffer from high levels of inrush current during startup as well as short circuiting. A proper soft startup needs to be implemented to limit the resonant current during startup. This paper discusses the soft start-up of single-phase and three-phase interleaved CLLC converters based on state trajectory control. The state trajectory of the CLLC primary resonant tank is simplified and treated like an LLC. Optimal trajectory analysis during startup is implemented to limit the resonant tank and to achieve a fast startup. The three-phase interleaved CLLC is reduced to the full-bridge CLLC for easier analysis and control, then is switched back to three-phase interleaved operation after a successful soft startup. Experimental results are provided for a 12kW 500kHz 850V CLLC converter using digital MCU F28379D.
Cutaneous apocrine cystomatosis in three slaughter-aged pigs (2019)

Apocrine cystomatosis is a rare condition characterized by clusters of cystically dilated sweat glands or other specialized apocrine glands. Cystic dilation of cutaneous sweat glands has been described in humans, dogs, and cats, but not in pigs, to our knowledge. We describe herein linear, brown, colloid-filled cavities < 1 cm diameter within the subcutaneous fat of the entire dorsal region of carcasses of three 6-mo-old pigs. These incidental findings were detected during meat inspection in 3 different slaughterhouses in Catalonia, Spain. Histopathology revealed multiple cystic cavities lined by flattened glandular epithelium, filled with proteinaceous material, and corresponding to cystic hyperplasia of sweat glands.
Improving software testing via ODC: Three case studies (2002)

Orthogonal Defect Classification (ODC) is a methodology used to classify software defects. When combined with a set of data analysis techniques designed to suit the software development process, ODC provides a powerful way to evaluate the development process and software product. In this paper, three case studies demonstrate the use of ODC to improve software testing. The first case study illustrates how a team developing a high-quality, mature product arrived at specific testing strategies aimed at reducing field defects. The second is a middleware project that identified the areas of system test that needed to be strengthened. The third describes how a very small team with an inadequate testing strategy recognized its risk in trying to meet the scheduled release and made the product more stable by postponing the release date and adding badly needed testing scenarios. All three case studies highlight how technical teams can use ODC data for objective feedback on their development processes and the evolut ion of their products. This feedback facilitates the identification of actions to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of development and test, resulting in improved resource management and enhanced software quality.