gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GK-12: NSF Graduate Teaching Fellows in K-12 Education at the University of Maine (2003)

Eight districts in central Maine that comprise the Penobscot River Educational Partnership (PREP); four of them, including Maine Indian Education, partners in a current GK-12 project, have joined with the University of Maine to form Fellow-teacher teams to introduce K-12 students to experiments, field trips, and discussions in areas such as chemistry, climate change, marine sciences, molecular biology, geology, food sciences, and ecology. The program is: a) helping teachers and students reach the State of Maine's legislatively-mandated standards for Science & Technology (the Maine Learning Results), b) strengthening Fellows' communication and teaching skills, c) providing professional development for Teachers, d) enriching science for K-12 students, e) providing young male and female role models of SMET professionals to children in grades 3-11, and f) strengthening contacts between GK-12 science faculty and K-12 districts. The K-12 students are monitoring water chemistry and species diversity and abundance in cooperating federal wildlife refuges in areas near them. These shared monitoring activities link classes throughout the entire scope of the project. The spatially and temporally distributed data enables the teams to introduce interesting analyses and discussions across partner classes interacting through videoconferences. Each Fellow works intensively with two teachers in PREP and with a teacher from eastern Maine (Washington & Hancock Counties), western Maine (Madison), or southern Maine (Damariscotta, site of the University of Maine's marine sciences laboratory). The power of Maine's network of ATM classrooms, is being used to expand the Fellows' role modeling and introduce Fellows to a variety of teaching styles. The broader impacts of the project include strengthened backgrounds in science and attendance at the Maine summer Science Camp for the cooperating teachers. The K-12 districts' benefits include the enriched learning of their students and access to the equipment from microscopes to thermal cyclers that is necessary to meet the goals of the Learning Results, but which many districts lack. The University of Maine is benefiting from K-12 students who come to the University better prepared in science and is fulfilling its mission as a Land Grant/Sea Grant institution to serve both the state of Maine and the nation as a whole.
Isomerization Reaction of Olefin Using RuClH(CO)(PPh3)3 (2000)

When methyl 5-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy-2-pentenoate was refluxed in toluene in the presence of RuClH(CO)(PPh(3))(3) (5 mol %), double-bond migration took place to afford methyl 5-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy-4-pentenoate in high yield. This means that the double bond conjugated with the ester moiety migrates to a deconjugated position by a ruthenium catalyst. We planned to prepare an enol ether from alpha,beta-unsaturated compounds having an ether moiety in a tether using ruthenium-catalyzed isomerization of the double bond. As a result, silyl or benzyl enol ether was obtained from the alpha,beta-unsaturated ester having alcohol protected by the silyl or benzyl group in a tether in high yield. In this reaction, double bond migration of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone and alpha,beta-unsaturated amide took place to produce deconjugated compounds. Moreover, the double bond of alpha, beta-unsaturated ester having a triple or double bond in a molecule migrated to produce conjugated enyne and diene. On the other hand, treatment of a bis-metalated compound having an alpha, beta-unsaturated ester moiety or the double bond in a tether with RuClH(CO)(PPh(3))(3) gave allyl bis-metalated compound in good yield. These compounds are useful units in synthetic organic chemistry.
Functionalised TiO2 nanoparticles deliver oligo-histidine and avidin tagged biomolecules simultaneously into the cell (2013)

The development of multifunctional, biocompatible nanoparticles is essential for delivering drugs and biomolecules into the cell. Here, we have functionalised TiO2 nanoparticles with tris-(nitrilo trisacetic acid) (Tris-NTA) and biotin, by covalent surface functionalisation. This biocompatible nanoparticle is non-cytotoxic and can deliver both oligo-histidine and avidin conjugated biomolecules simultaneously into the cell.
Free Radical Scavenger Activity of Cinnamyl Chitosan Schiff Base (2016)

In this study, new cinnamyl chitosan schiff base was evaluated as antioxidant material. Antioxidant activity was measured by two different popular methods (uninhibited/inhibited hyaluronan degradation and decolorization of ABTS methods). the results show decrease the hydrogen donation behavior of chitosan after coupling with cinnamaldehyde, in the other hand, ABTS method show increase the electron donation activity of cinnamyl chitosan than the chitosan itself.
UHMW-Polyethylen als Werkstoff für artikulierende Komponenten von Gelenkendoprothesen. UHMW Polyethylene Used as a Material for the Articulating Components of Endoprostheses (1993)

In recent years there has been an increase in the incidence of problems with UHMWPE used in implants. In particular the risk of osteolysis and loosening resulting from the body's reactions to polyethylene wear particles must be eliminated. A variety of investigations with UHMWPE provided hints on how to improve the quality of the original material, machining and reduction of contaminants, which have since been implemented. The knowledge gained of the visco-elastic behaviour of this polymer makes it possible to optimize the design of implant components. The need to sterilize the component parts with ionizing radiation results in changes in the structure of UHMWPE. Via oxidation and acceleration of the ageing process of the material, irradiation in air reduces the molecular weight, which is important for the tribological properties. The use of a nitrogen atmosphere during irradiation and for storage makes it possible to take advantage of the positive effects of this method of sterilization via cross-linking of the polyethylene. Positive ductile properties are thus maintained and the resistance to wear is increased. An investigation of 134 components explanted during re-operation revealed a wide scatter in the results of wear. One of the reasons for increased polyethylene wear is the additional abrasive effect of particles of bone cement that get into the space between the articulating components; this can be minimized by a meticulous cementing technique.
Binaural jitter with cochlear implants, improved interaural time-delay sensitivity, and normal hearing (2008)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
在在德国的绿内障病人的 latanoprost 对 timolol 的长期的费用和功效分析 (2013)

AIM: To evaluate 5-year effectiveness and cos between latanoprost or timolol monotherapy in a pilot trial.METHODS: A retrospective, multi-center trial performed at 6 sites in Germany of patients who had a diagnosis of primary open-angle or pigmentary glaucoma, in at least one eye, initiated on monotherapy with latanoprost or timolol maleate. Qualified consecutive charts were reviewed in which 5-year efficacy, safety and cost data was abstracted.RESULTS: Seventy-seven latanoprost and 49 timolo patients were included, at the final visit no difference existed between the two groups in disc parameters including: rim area, rim area/disc area ratio, cup volume or vertical cup/disc ratio (P >0.05). There was no difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) between the initial latanoprost (17.4 ±2.6) and timolol (16.3 ±2.8mmHg) groups. There was less change in medicines over the follow-up period (0.1 vs 0.8) and fewer medications at the final visit (1.2 vs 1.8) with latanoprost compared to timolol. No patient treated with latanoprost discontinued therapy during follow-up, while 12% discontinued timolol mostly due to inadequate IOP control. Cost/year was less with initial timolol ($458±236) as compared to latanoprost ($552±202). CONCLUSION: Patients begun on latanoprost o timolol and followed over 5 years may have similar clinical outcomes. However, timolol patients may require more medicines and medicine changes to control IOP for long-term, but at a lower cost.
Respective interest of T2 mapping and diffusion tensor imaging in assessing porcine knee cartilage with MR at 3 Teslas (2013)

Non-invasive quantitative assessment of articular cartilage integrity is essential for early detection and evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA) and for the follow-up of stem-cell-driven cartilage engineering. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of exploiting diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on porcine knee joints with a clinical magnetic resonance (MR) scanner to extract micro-structural information in order to complement biochemical information quantified by T2 maps. We propose an MR protocol for quantifying T2 and cartilage microstructure with diffusion MR on a clinical scanner. Preliminary results were obtained on four pig knee joints using a 3 T GE clinical MRI scanner and an 8-channel knee coil array. The measured cartilage volume, T2 values, apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy (FA) of femoral and tibial cartilage were respectively 9.8/2.3 mm2, 67.0/56.1 ms, 1.3/1.3×10-3 mm2/s and 0.4/0.3. This new protocol has the potential to be combined in vivo with quantitative assessment of both cartilage degradation and restoration in osteoarthritis.
Velocity macro-model estimation from seismic reflection data by stereotomography (1998)

We introduce a new tomographic method for estimating velocity macro-models from seismic reflection data. In addition to traveltimes picked on locally coherent reflected events, the method requires that the associated local slopes of the events be picked simultaneously in the common-shot and common-receiver trace gathers. The data then consist of a discrete collection of traveltimes, positions and slopes for selected reflected events. Unlike traveltime tomography, picked events are only required to be locally coherent. It is not necessary to follow continuous arrivals all over the trace gathers. Indeed, the method does not require the introduction of interfaces in the model description. Several approaches of tomography using the slope have already been proposed. We present a unified formulation for slope tomography methods, in which the model is described by the velocity field and a set of ray-segment pairs associated with the reflected/diffracted events. We propose a new robust slope tomography method, which we call 'stereotomography'. It consists of fitting all observed data (positions, slopes and traveltimes) to data calculated by ray tracing. There are no theoretical limitations in stereotomography for laterally heterogeneous velocity macro-models. Practically, traveltimes and slopes are picked on local slant stack panels. Ray multipathing can be accounted for since paths are discriminated by their associated slopes. The non-linear inverse problem is iteratively resolved by a local optimization. The Fréchet derivatives are estimated by paraxial ray tracing. Validation tests on 1-D and 2-D synthetic data are analysed. In the first 1-D example, we study the sensitivity of the method to model parameters (using a singular-value decomposition). The second 1-D example evaluates picking precision and shows that it is sufficient for constraining the velocity field. The last example is a 2-D application in which data are calculated directly by ray tracing. It shows the performance of the method in the presence of strong lateral velocity variations.
Neurological Manifestations Following Ingestion of Hand Sanitizer: An Unfortunate Morbidity Tale during COVID-19 Pandemic (2023)

a composition of ethanol 96% IP 83.33% volume per volume (v/v), glycerol 98% IP 1.45% (v/v), hydrogen peroxide 3% IP 4.17% (v/v), color (QS). She was diagnosed with schizophrenia 3 years ago and was on regular antipsychotic medication (tablet risperidone 2 mg once daily). The patient was well educated with no history of drug dependence or alcoholism. There was no similar previous history of hospital admission. On arrival at the ED, she was unconscious and gasping. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 3 with a blood pressure of 150/80 mm Hg, pulse rate of 78 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 28/minute, and oxygen saturation of 99% on room air. The initial arterial blood gas
Generation of high-repetition-rate ultrashort pulse train at 850 nm (2013)

A simple method for generation of 160 GHz soliton-like ultrashort pulse train at 850 nm is proposed and demonstrated numerically.
Dynamical Models of Market Impact and Algorithms for Order Execution (2013)

In this chapter, we review recent work on the regularity of dynamical market impact models and their associated optimal order execution strategies. In particular, we address the question of the stability and existence of optimal strategies, showing that in a large class of models, there is price manipulation and no well-behaved optimal order execution strategy. We also address issues arising from the use of dark pools and predatory trading.
Purified Shiga-like toxins induce expression of proinflammatory cytokines from murine peritoneal macrophages (1994)

Infections with Shiga toxin-producing Shigella dysenteriae type 1 and Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli cause outbreaks of bloody diarrhea in which patients are at risk for developing life-threatening complications involving the renal and central nervous systems. Histopathology studies and in vitro experiments suggested that the toxins damage toxin receptor-expressing endothelial cells (EC) lining glomerular and central nervous system capillaries. In the presence of inducible host factors (cytokines), EC sensitivity to SLT toxicity was increased approximately 1 million-fold. We hypothesized that to manifest the vascular lesions characteristic of infection with toxin-producing bacteria, two signals were needed: systemic toxins and elevated proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin 1 [IL-1], and IL-6). Human EC do not secrete these cytokines when stimulated with SLTs in vitro, suggesting that additional cells may be involved in pathogenesis. Therefore, we carried out comparative analyses of the capacity of purified (endotoxin-free) SLTs and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to induce cytokine mRNA and proteins from murine macrophages. The cells were essentially refractory to SLT cytotoxicity, expressing low to undetectable levels of toxin receptor. SLTs and LPS induced TNF activity and IL-6 expression from macrophages, although dose response and kinetics of cytokine induction differed. LPS was a more effective inducing agent than SLTs. SLT-I-induced TNF activity and IL-6 expression were delayed compared with induction mediated by LPS. IL-1 alpha production required approximately 24 h of exposure to SLTs or LPS. Macrophages from LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice produced low levels of TNF activity when treated with SLT-I, suggesting that LPS and SLTs may utilize separate signaling pathways for cytokine induction.
Antineoplastic Agents. 542. Isolation and Structure of Sesterstatin 6 from the Indian Ocean Sponge Hyrtios erecta (2005)

A new scalarane-type pentacyclic sesterterpene, sesterstatin 6 (6), was isolated in 8.3 x 10(-7)% yield from the Republic of Maldives marine sponge Hyrtios erecta. The structure was elucidated by analyses of HRMS and high-field 2-D NMR spectra. Sesterstatin 6 showed significant cancer cell growth inhibition against murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia and a series of human tumor cell lines (ED50 0.17 microg/mL, GI50 1.8-8.9 x 10(-1) microg/mL) and proved to be the most inhibitory of the series.
A Scalable Data Science Platform for Healthcare and Precision Medicine Research (2018)

Objective: To (1) demonstrate the implementation of a data science platform built on open-source technology within a large, academic healthcare system and (2) describe two computational healthcare applications built on such a platform. Materials and Methods: A data science platform based on several open source technologies was deployed to support real-time, big data workloads. Data acquisition workflows for Apache Storm and NiFi were developed in Java and Python to capture patient monitoring and laboratory data for downstream analytics. Results: The use of emerging data management approaches along with open-source technologies such as Hadoop can be used to create integrated data lakes to store large, real-time data sets. This infrastructure also provides a robust analytics platform where healthcare and biomedical research data can be analyzed in near real-time for precision medicine and computational healthcare use cases. Discussion: The implementation and use of integrated data science platforms offer organizations the opportunity to combine traditional data sets, including data from the electronic health record, with emerging big data sources, such as continuous patient monitoring and real-time laboratory results. These platforms can enable cost-effective and scalable analytics for the information that will be key to the delivery of precision medicine initiatives. Conclusion: Organizations that can take advantage of the technical advances found in data science platforms will have the opportunity to provide comprehensive access to healthcare data for computational healthcare and precision medicine research.
Anti-phase noise reduction (1985)

The idea of silencing noise by producing complementary 'negative waves' goes back over a hundred years. Highly sophisticated control systems are now helping to make the idea a reality, but many practical problems remain
Structural and mutational analysis reveals that CTNNBL1 binds NLSs in a manner distinct from that of its closest armadillo‐relative, karyopherin α (2013)

CTNNBL1 is a spliceosome-associated protein that binds nuclear localization signals (NLSs) in splice factors CDC5L and Prp31 as well as the antibody diversifying enzyme AID. Here, crystal structures of human CTNNBL1 reveal a distinct structure from its closest homologue karyopherin-α. CTNNBL1 comprises a HEAT-like domain (including a nuclear export signal), a central armadillo domain, and a coiled-coil C-terminal domain. Structure-guided mutations of the region homologous to the karyopherin-α NLS-binding site fail to disrupt CTNNBL1-NLS interactions. Our results identify CTNNBL1 as a unique selective NLS-binding protein with striking differences from karyopherin-αs.
High-Yield Spin Labeling of Long RNAs for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2018)

Site-directed spin labeling is a powerful tool for investigating the conformation and dynamics of biomacromolecules such as RNA. Here we introduce a spin labeling strategy based on click chemistry in solution that, in combination with enzymatic ligation, allows highly efficient labeling of complex and long RNAs with short reaction times and suppressed RNA degradation. With this approach, a 34-nucleotide aptamer domain of the preQ1 riboswitch and an 81-nucleotide TPP riboswitch aptamer could be labeled with two labels in several positions. We then show that conformations of the preQ1 aptamer and its dynamics can be monitored in the absence and presence of Mg<sup>2+</sup> and a preQ1 ligand by continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at room temperature and pulsed electron-electron double resonance spectroscopy (PELDOR or DEER) in the frozen state.
Adapting learned robotics behaviours through policy adjustment (2017)

We present an approach to learning control policies for physical robots that achieves high efficiency by adjusting existing policies that have been learned on similar source systems, such as a similar robot with different physical parameters, or an approximate dynamics model simulator. This can be viewed as calibrating a policy learned on a source system, to match a desired behaviour in similar target systems. Our approach assumes that the trajectories described by the source robot are feasible on the target robot. By making this assumption, we only need to learn a mapping from the source robot state and action spaces to the target robot action space, which we call a policy adjustment model. We demonstrate our approach in simulation in the cart-pole balancing task and a two link double pendulum. We also validate our approach with a physical cart-pole system, where we adjust a learned policy under changes to the weight of the pole.
Positional distribution of fatty acids in glycerophosphatides of bovine gray matter (1968)

Glycerophosphatides were isolated from ox brain gray matter by column chromatography. The fatty acid compositions of ethanolamine glycerophosphatides (EGP), serine glycerophosphatides (SGP), and choline glycerophosphatides (CGP) were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The positional distribution of fatty acids in these glycerophosphatides were determined by phospholipase A hydrolysis (Habu habu venom). C(20) and C(22) polyunsaturated acids were confined almost exclusively to the 2-position of these lipids, where they comprised the majority of 2-substituents in EGP and SGP (oleic acid predominated in this position in CGP). In the 1-position, palmitoyl was the major substituent in CGP, stearoyl in SGP, and stearoyl or the corresponding alk-1-enyl group in EGP.
Marine magnetotellurics for petroleum exploration; Part I, A sea-floor equipment system (1998)

Abstract Induction in electrically conductive seawater attenuates the magnetotelluric (MT) fields and, coupled with a minimum around 1 Hz in the natural magnetic field spectrum, leads to a dramatic loss of electric and magnetic field power on the sea floor at periods shorter than 1000 s. For this reason the marine MT method traditionally has been used only at periods of 103 to 105 s to probe deep mantle structure; rarely does a sea-floor MT response extend to a 100-s period. To be useful for mapping continental shelf structure at depths relevant to petroleum exploration, however, MT measurements need to be made at periods between 1 and 1000 s. This can be accomplished using ac-coupled sensors, induction coils for the magnetic field, and an electric field amplifier developed for marine controlled-source applications. The electrically quiet sea floor allows the attenuated electric field to be amplified greatly before recording; in deep (1-km) water, motional noise in magnetic field sensors appears not to be a problem. In shallower water, motional noise does degrade the magnetic measurement, but sea-floor magnetic records can be replaced by land recordings, producing an effective sea-surface MT response. Field trials of such equipment in 1-km-deep water produced good-quality MT responses at periods of 3 to 1000 s; in shallower water, responses to a few hertz can be obtained. Using an autonomous sea-floor data logger developed at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, marine surveys of 50 to 100 sites are feasible.
The nature of learning in a guided inquiry classroom (2013)

Active learning approaches are becoming of increasing importance within engineering education, and it has been established that an active learning environment leads to improved student outcomes. What is less known is the ways in which these classes support student learning. Our study takes place in the context of a Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) classroom. We use grounded theory to answer the research question: How do students construct knowledge in a POGIL classroom? Constructivist grounded theory was used to code student interview data and develop a theory of how student learning occurs. The resulting theory shows that the use of POGIL results in a concept-focused class, as opposed to focusing on discrete aspects of knowledge (facts). This concept-focused class provides for both conceptual understanding and improved retention of information. The findings illustrate one way to design a class for deep conceptual understanding and suggest broader implications for curriculum design.