gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Release of Arachidonic Acid and Eicosanoids in Iron-Overloaded Cardiomyocytes (2001)

Iron overload enhances AA release and incorporation of AA into phosphatidylcholine, as well as cyclooxygenase-2 induction and eicosanoid production, in NRVMS: The effects of AA and metabolites on cardiomyocyte rhythmicity suggest a causal connection between these signals and electromechanical alterations in iron-overload-induced cardiomyopathy.
FPGA Implementation of Izhikevich Spiking Neural Networks for Character Recognition (2009)

There has been a strong push recently to examine biological scale simulations of neuromorphic algorithms to achieve stronger inference capabilities than current computing algorithms. The recent Izhikevich spiking neuron model is ideally suited for such large scale cortical simulations due to its efficiency and biological accuracy. In this paper we explore the feasibility of using FPGAs for large scale simulations of the Izhikevich model. We developed a modularized processing element to evaluate a large number of Izhikevich spiking neurons in a pipelined manner. This approach allows for easy scalability of the model to larger FPGAs. We utilized a character recognition algorithm based on the Izhikevich model for this study and scaled up the algorithm to use over 9000 neurons. The FPGA implementation of the algorithm on a Xilinx Virtex 4 provided a speedup of approximately 8.5 times an equivalent software implementation on a 2.2 GHz AMD Opteron core. Our results indicate that FPGAs are suitable for large scale cortical simulations utilizing the Izhikevich spiking neuron model.
Analysis of the Murine Immune Response to Pulmonary Delivery of Precisely Fabricated Nano- and Microscale Particles (2013)

Nanomedicine has the potential to transform clinical care in the 21(st) century. However, a precise understanding of how nanomaterial design parameters such as size, shape and composition affect the mammalian immune system is a prerequisite for the realization of nanomedicine's translational promise. Herein, we make use of the recently developed Particle Replication in Non-wetting Template (PRINT) fabrication process to precisely fabricate particles across and the nano- and micro-scale with defined shapes and compositions to address the role of particle design parameters on the murine innate immune response in both in vitro and in vivo settings. We find that particles composed of either the biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or the biocompatible polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) do not cause release of pro-inflammatory cytokines nor inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. When instilled into the lungs of mice, particle composition and size can augment the number and type of innate immune cells recruited to the lungs without triggering inflammatory responses as assayed by cytokine release and histopathology. Smaller particles (80×320 nm) are more readily taken up in vivo by monocytes and macrophages than larger particles (6 µm diameter), yet particles of all tested sizes remained in the lungs for up to 7 days without clearance or triggering of host immunity. These results suggest rational design of nanoparticle physical parameters can be used for sustained and localized delivery of therapeutics to the lungs.
Frequency of the DYT1 Mutation in Primary Torsion Dystonia Without Family History (2000)

For accurate diagnosis and genetic counseling, screening for the DYT1 deletion is of great interest in cases with generalized dystonia without a family history. In other cases, positive results are rare.
Solvolyses of Exo-5-Norbornen-2-Yl and Endo-5-Norbornen-2-Yl Para-Bromobenzenesulfonates - Reinvestigation Using Deuterium Nmr-Spectroscopy (1978)

Note: Univ geneva,dept organ chem,ch-1211 geneva 4,switzerland. Reference LGSA-ARTICLE-1978-001 Record created on 2005-11-09, modified on 2017-05-12
Fully kinetic numerical modeling of a plasma thruster (2001)

&amp;quot;I saw that argument was useless and said no more; there is no use arguing with a man who can multiply anything by the square root of minus one.&amp;quot;- From &amp;quot;Pirates of Venus &amp;quot; by Edgar Rice Burroughs 2
Effects of forming parameters on coupled thermomechanical behaviours in combined ring rolling (2015)

Combined ring rolling (CRR) is a new method for manufacturing rings which feature thick walls, deep grooves and small bores. Compared with general ring rolling, two driven rolls with fixed axes are added to control the circumferential metal flow and form the deep groove. Rolling force and energy, strain distribution uniformity, and temperature distribution uniformity are very important to the process design and forming quality of rings, which are sensitive to rolling parameters, such as motions of the driving roll, temperature and friction. In this paper, the reasonable ranges of feed parameters were determined based on stable rolling conditions. A reliable 3D coupled thermomechanical finite element model was then established using the dynamic explicit code ABAQUS/Explicit and the effects of rolling parameters investigated, including rotational velocity of driving roll n, the feed velocity of the driving roll v, initial temperature of workpiece and friction among the rolls and the ring. The research results are significant for process design and forming optimisation of CRR production.
Selection of optimal control weighting functions to achieve good H/sub infinity / robust designs (1988)

The selection of the cost-weights in H/sub infinity / cost-functions determines both performance and robustness properties. Guidelines are provided to aid the selection of weighting terms. The importance of both the noise weights and the cost function weights is emphasized. A procedure to ensure the system has adequate gain at low frequency and low gain at high frequency is suggested. The generalized cost-function is also compared with that of the more usual criterion and shown to have similar properties when appropriate dynamic weighting terms are chosen. >
Using electron beams to investigate carbonaceous materials (2014)

This paper provides a brief review on electron microscopic studies of carbon materials. We discuss all aspects ranging from sample preparation via basics of the structure and its reciprocal space representation to high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy. Emphasis is given to recent developments, namely aberration-corrected electron microscopy and the newest low-dimensional carbon allotrope, graphene.
MPEG video quality prediction in a wireless system (2003)

Wireless systems under design today promise to deliver high-bandwidth applications to mobile users in dynamic channel environments. The protocol used to control the network in a wireless system may not necessarily be able to control bit errors in its payload. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of bit errors in a delivered data stream. This paper concentrates on the effects of bit errors on an MPEG-2 digital video sequence. A basic decoupling between bit error rate (BER) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) was shown on previously published papers, signaling a loss of confidence on BER as a basic metric of digital system performance. This paper introduces a statistical approach to predicting video quality based solely on physical layer parameters. The mean error event length, /spl lambda//sub distance/, is a metric derived from the physical layer that can be used to predict the expected video quality across systems with different channel coding algorithms. This metric proved to be uniformly consistent in predicting video quality for sequences corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise and protected by convolutional, Reed-Solomon (RS), and concatenated (convolutional and RS) codes.
Generalized traitor tracing for nested codes (2008)

Nested or concatenated codes are often used for traitor tracing schemes as they require a small symbol size to accommodate a given number of users. Typically, tracing is performed on each layer of the code separately - tracing is first performed on the inner code and the information obtained is subsequently used to perform tracing on the outer code. In such situations, the collusion resistance is determined by the minimum of the coalition sizes that can be tolerated by the individual codes. Due to the small symbol size, the inner codes can tolerate a smaller number of colluders resulting in a small overall collusion resistance. Further, recovering more attacked versions does not enable identification of larger coalitions. To improve the collusion resistance, in this paper we propose to pass soft information from the inner code tracing to the outer code tracing. We demonstrate through simulations and formal analysis that the proposed technique improves the collusion resistance of tracing systems employing nested codes.
The trans‐envelope architecture and function of the type 2 secretion system: new insights raising new questions (2017)

Summary Nanomachines belonging to the type IV filament (Tff) superfamily serve a variety of cellular functions in prokaryotes, including motility, adhesion, electrical conductance, competence and secretion. The type 2 secretion system (T2SS) Tff member assembles a short filament called pseudopilus that promotes the secretion of folded proteins from the periplasm across the outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria. A combination of structural, biochemical, imaging, computational and in vivo approaches had led to a working model for the assembled nanomachine. High‐resolution cryo‐electron microscopy and tomography provided the first view of several homologous Tff nanomachines in the cell envelope and revealed the structure of the outer membrane secretin channel, challenging current models of the overall stoichiometry of the T2SS. In addition, recent insights into exoprotein substrate features and interactions with the T2SS have led to new questions about the dynamics of the system and the role of the plasma membrane in substrate presentation. This micro‐review will highlight recent advances in the field of type 2 secretion and discuss approaches that can be used to reach a mechanistic understanding of exoprotein recognition, integration into the machine and secretion.
Development of a four-channel haptic system for remote assessment of patients with impaired hands (2016)

SUMMARY Haptic devices have proven effective in stimulating proprioceptive sensing in post-stroke patients. In this work, pre-existing devices were used together in a remote environment for the teleassessment of impaired hands. A four-channel bilateral control system in the presence of large and variable time delay is proposed as a proof of concept. Time delay is managed with a novel communication disturbance observer (CDOB). The system also employed a scaling down compensation value (SDCV) for the CDOB. The proposed control system was tested successfully in bilateral haptic interaction, simulating a remote motor and functional evaluation of patients' hands, guaranteeing safe and stable interaction, even in the presence of large network delays.
Role de cinq souches de lactobacilles sur la degradation des glucides chez le poulet monoxenique. (1979)

International audience
Data from Response to Rucaparib in BRCA-Mutant Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Identified by Genomic Testing in the TRITON2 Study (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The PARP inhibitor rucaparib is approved in the United States for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and a deleterious germline and/or somatic &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;BRCA2&lt;/i&gt; (BRCA) alteration. While sequencing of tumor tissue is considered the standard for identifying patients with BRCA alterations (BRCA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;), plasma profiling may provide a minimally invasive option to select patients for rucaparib treatment. Here, we report clinical efficacy in patients with BRCA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; mCRPC identified through central plasma, central tissue, or local genomic testing and enrolled in TRITON2.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Patients had progressed after next-generation androgen receptor–directed and taxane-based therapies for mCRPC and had BRCA alterations identified by central sequencing of plasma and/or tissue samples or local genomic testing. Concordance of plasma/tissue BRCA status and objective response rate and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rates were summarized.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;TRITON2 enrolled 115 patients with BRCA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; identified by central plasma (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 34), central tissue (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 37), or local (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 44) testing. Plasma/tissue concordance was determined in 38 patients with paired samples and was 47% in 19 patients with a somatic BRCA alteration. No statistically significant differences were observed between objective and PSA response rates to rucaparib across the 3 assay groups. Patients unable to provide tissue samples and tested solely by plasma assay responded at rates no different from patients identified as BRCA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; by tissue testing.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Plasma, tissue, and local testing of mCRPC patients can be used to identify men with BRCA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; mCRPC who can benefit from treatment with the PARP inhibitor rucaparib.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Life-cycle cost model for evaluating the sustainability of bridge decks (2004)

Concrete infrastructure systems require large capital investments and resource flows to construct and maintain. An integrated life cycle assessment and cost model was developed to evaluate infrastructure sustainability, and compare alternative materials and designs using environmental, economic and social indicators. The model is applied to two alternative concrete bridge deck designs: one a conventional steel reinforced concrete (SRC) deck with mechanical steel expansion joints, and the other an SRC deck with engineered cementitious composite (ECC) link slabs. Life cycle energy, greenhouse gas emissions, agency costs for construction and rehabilitation, and social costs including construction-related user delay costs and environmental pollutant damage costs are quantified for each system over a 60-year bridge service life. Results show that the ECC link slab system has a 37 % cost advantage over the conventional system, consumes 40 % less total primary energy, and produces 39 % less carbon dioxide.
Interethnic and Intraethnic Variability of NAT2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (2008)

Genetic polymorphisms of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) are responsible for interindividual variation in the acetylation of numerous drugs and in the transformation of aromatic and heterocyclic amines into carcinogenic intermediates. Although large interethnic variability in the frequency for NAT2 variant alleles has been reported, comparison of allele frequencies is hampered by differences in the criteria for the assignment of allelic variants. To avoid such sources of bias, in this review we analyze the occurrence of both interethnic and intraethnic variability for the seven commonest single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the NAT2 gene by using raw SNP data instead of inferred haplotypes. Besides the large interethnic variability observed for all SNPs except C282T, intraethnic variability for NAT2 SNPs was identified for the SNPs G191A among Caucasians (p<0.0001), T341C among Oriental (p<0.001) or African individuals (p<0.012), C481T among Oriental (p<0.001) or African individuals (p<0.001), and G590A among Oriental individuals (p<0.001). In contrast, no major intraethnic differences were identified for the SNPs C282T, A806G or G857A. Intraethnic variability may have relevant clinical implications. For instance, case-control NAT2 studies should not be extrapolated from one Oriental population to another. Nonsynonymous SNPs occur in 32% of alleles in Japanese individuals and in 47% of alleles in Chinese individuals, therefore the frequency of adverse effects and cancer related to slow acetylation is expected to be higher in individuals with Chinese descent than in those with Japanese descent. Intraethnic variability reinforces the need for proper selection of control subjects and points against the use of surrogate control groups for studies involving association of NAT2 alleles with adverse drug effects or spontaneous diseases.
Dexamethasone inhibits paclitaxel-induced cytotoxic activity through retinoblastoma protein dephosphorylation in non-small cell lung cancer cells (2007)

Paclitaxel is used frequently for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Hypersensitivity reactions remain one of the major adverse events in the clinical use of paclitaxel. Glucocorticoids are used to prevent these adverse events. This study was carried out in order to clarify the effect of glucocorticoids on paclitaxel-induced cytotoxity of cancer cells. Pretreatment with 10 microM of dexamethasone inhibited ERK activation and subsequent retinoblastoma protein (pRB) phosphorylation, and reduced sensitivity to paclitaxel in A549 cells. Then, we utilized ERK (PD98059) and AKT (LY294002) inhibitors. PD98059 and LY294002 effectively suppressed pRB phosphorylation in A549 cells. Dexamethasone (10 microM) suppressed ERK activity as well as PD98059, although it did not affect AKT activity. Furthermore, the combinations of paclitaxel with PD98059 or LY294002 were similarly antagonistic. Our observation in this study raised the possibility that dexamethasone pretreatment antagonizes paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity through ERK suppression and pRB dephosphorylation. These observations support the development of new generation taxane-based chemotherapy without glucocorticoid premedication.
Metalloinitiation Routes to Biocompatible Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(acrylic acid) Stars with Luminescent Ruthenium Tris(bipyridine) Cores (2004)

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) biomaterials with luminescent ruthenium tris(bipyridine) centers couple drug delivery and imaging functions. Hydrophobic [Ru(bpyPLA2)3](PF6)2 (1) was generated from [Ru[bpy(CH2OH)2]3](PF6)2 in bulk monomer using 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine as the catalyst. The bromoesters, [Ru[bpy(CH2OR)2]3](PF6)2, [Ru[bpy(C13H27)2][bpy(CH2OR]2](PF6)2 (4), and [Ru[bpy(PLAOR)2]3]2+ (9) (R=COCBr(CH3)2), served as initiators for tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) polymerization. Conversion of PtBA to PAA via hydrolysis affords water soluble materials, [Ru(bpyPAA2)3]2+ (7) and [Ru[bpy(C13H27)2](bpyPAA2)2]2+ (8) and the amphiphilic star polymer [Ru[bpy(PLA-PAA)2]3)](PF6)2 (11), which is soluble in a H2O/CH3CN (1:1) mixture. Luminescence excitation and emission spectra of the Ru polymers were in agreement with the parent [Ru(bpy)3]2+ chromophore (lambdaex=468, lambdaem=621 nm). Lifetimes of tau approximately 700 ns in both air and nitrogen atmospheres are typical for most materials; however, the amphiphilic star block copolymer 11 is quenched by oxygen to some degree. Thermal analysis shows the expected glass transitions for the polymeric ruthenium complex materials.
New Polysulfide Generation Process. (1995)

A new polysulfide generation process was jointly developed by Mitsubishi paper mills, limited and Chiyoda corporation. The first system was installed at Mitsubishi paper's Shirakawa mill in 1987. The newest system was installed at Nippon paper's Ishinomaki mill and it has been successfully operated since September 1994.The process can provide many advantages to conventional Kraft pulp mills, such as increasing pulp yield, reducing Kappa number, lowering the lime kiln load and reducing the boiler load. All of these benefits have been confirmed during mill operation.
Novel Gel Polymer Electrolyte With Enhanced Intrinsic Safety (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Supplemental Figure S1 from Hsp70 Binds to the Androgen Receptor N-terminal Domain and Modulates the Receptor Function in Prostate Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S1 shows the Hsp70 and Hsc70 peptide sequences identified by proteomics.&lt;/p&gt;
Aphasia Treatment over the Internet: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (2011)

We report results of a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating an aphasia treatment provided over the internet. Thirty-two persons with aphasia were randomized to receive 6 weeks of practice with Oral Reading for Language in Aphasia (ORLA) (N=19) or a commercial computer game (N=13). Results indicated significant changes on WAB-R subtests (AQ, reading and writing) with web-based ORLA; changes were maintained for six weeks. There was no significant difference between ORLA versus the placebo computer program. Findings support the feasibility and efficacy of providing ORLA over the internet. Reasons for improvements with the commercial computer program are discussed.
Cosmic radiation exposure and persistent cognitive dysfunction (2016)

The Mars mission will result in an inevitable exposure to cosmic radiation that has been shown to cause cognitive impairments in rodent models, and possibly in astronauts engaged in deep space travel. Of particular concern is the potential for cosmic radiation exposure to compromise critical decision making during normal operations or under emergency conditions in deep space. Rodents exposed to cosmic radiation exhibit persistent hippocampal and cortical based performance decrements using six independent behavioral tasks administered between separate cohorts 12 and 24 weeks after irradiation. Radiation-induced impairments in spatial, episodic and recognition memory were temporally coincident with deficits in executive function and reduced rates of fear extinction and elevated anxiety. Irradiation caused significant reductions in dendritic complexity, spine density and altered spine morphology along medial prefrontal cortical neurons known to mediate neurotransmission interrogated by our behavioral tasks. Cosmic radiation also disrupted synaptic integrity and increased neuroinflammation that persisted more than 6 months after exposure. Behavioral deficits for individual animals correlated significantly with reduced spine density and increased synaptic puncta, providing quantitative measures of risk for developing cognitive impairment. Our data provide additional evidence that deep space travel poses a real and unique threat to the integrity of neural circuits in the brain.
A flexible pH sensing smart bandage with wireless CMOS readout for chronic wound monitoring (2017)

In this paper, we present a pH sensing bandage constructed with pH sensing smart threads for chronic wound monitoring. The bandage is integrated with custom CMOS readout electronics for wireless monitoring and data transmission and is capable of continuously monitoring wound pH. Threads exhibit pH sensitivity of 54mV/pH and reach their steady state value within 2 minutes.