gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spherocentric arthroplasty of the knee. Clinical experience with an average four-year follow-up. (1981)

We studied eighty-two consecutive spherocentric total knee arthroplasties with an average follow-up of four years (range, two to six years). All patients had either severe preoperative instability or deformity, or both. The over-all functional improvement and symptomatic relief were excellent. Knees with preoperative instability did as well as those with preoperative deformity that were stable. The knees with preoperative valgus deformity were the most likely to have postoperative wound problems or transient nerve palsy, while those with preoperative varus deformity were much more likely to have loosening. Postoperative limb alignment of 7 to 9 degrees of valgus angulation protected against lucency and loosening. No new cases of lucency or loosening appeared after two and one-half years. The infection rate was 4 per cent and the rate of failure due to loosening was 5 per cent. The over-all reoperation rate was 9 per cent. Nine patients (with eleven arthroplasties) died during the follow-up period.
A Personal Perspective on the Use of Modelling Simulation for Polymer Melt Processing (2015)

Abstract This paper gives a personal view on the state of art in relation to the modelling of polymer melt processing. The paper briefly reviews both industrial, laboratory and modelling developments over the last forty years and highlights the key aspects now required for realistic modelling of polymer melt processing. The paper summarizes elements relating to the numerical simulation of specific and general polymer processes and also provides topical examples of the application of numerical modelling to certain commercial processes. The paper concludes with identifying areas of polymer processing that still remain a challenge in relation to accurate prediction.
The Beamforming Elevated Array for COsmic Neutrinos (BEACON): A Radio Detector for Earth-Skimming Tau Neutrinos (2023)

When ultrahigh energy tau neutrinos skim the Earth, they can generate tau leptons that then decay in the atmosphere, forming upgoing extensive air showers. The Beamforming Elevated Array for COsmic Neutrinos (BEACON) is a novel detector concept that utilizes a mountaintop radio interferometer to search for the radio emission due to these extensive air showers. The prototype, located at the White Mountain Research Station in California, consists of 4 custom crossed-dipole antennas operating in the 30-80 MHz range and uses a directional interferometric trigger to achieve reduced thresholds and background rejection. The prototype will first be used to detect extensive air showers from down-going cosmic rays to validate the detector model. In this talk, we give an overview of the BEACON concept and the status of its prototype. We also discuss the ongoing cosmic ray search which utilizes both data analysis and simulation.
Fading channels: how perfect need "perfect side information" be? (2002)

The analysis of flat-fading channels is often performed under the assumption that the additive noise is white and Gaussian, and that the receiver has precise knowledge of the realization of the fading process. These assumptions imply the optimality of Gaussian codebooks and of scaled nearest-neighbor decoding. Here we study the robustness of this communication scheme with respect to errors in the estimation of the fading process. We quantify the degradation in performance that results from such estimation errors, and demonstrate the lack of robustness of this scheme. For some situations we suggest the rule of thumb that, in order to avoid degradation, the estimation error should be negligible compared to the reciprocal of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Histopathological Features and Protein Markers of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (2021)

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a heritable heart muscle disease characterized by syncope, palpitations, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) especially in young individuals. It is estimated to affect 1:5,000 individuals in the general population, with >60% of patients bearing one or more mutations in genes coding for desmosomal proteins. Desmosomes are intercellular adhesion junctions, which in cardiac myocytes reside within the intercalated disks (IDs), the areas of mechanical and electrical cell-cell coupling. Histologically, ACM is characterized by fibrofatty replacement of cardiac myocytes predominantly in the right ventricular free wall though left ventricular and biventricular forms have also been described. The disease is characterized by age-related progression, vast phenotypic manifestation and incomplete penetrance, making proband diagnosis and risk stratification of family members particularly challenging. Key protein redistribution at the IDs may represent a specific diagnostic marker but its applicability is still limited by the need for a myocardial sample. Specific markers of ACM in surrogate tissues, such as the blood and the buccal epithelium, may represent a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive alternative for diagnosis and cascade screening. In this review, we shall cover the most relevant biomarkers so far reported and discuss their potential impact on the diagnosis, prognosis and management of ACM.
A computer simulation of ion exchange membrane electrodialysis for concentration of seawater (2010)

The performance of an electrodialyzer for concentrating seawater is predicted by means of a computer simulation, which includes the following five steps; Step 1 mass transport; Step 2 current density distribution; Step 3 cell voltage; Step 4 NaCl concentration in a concentrated solution and energy consumption; Step 5 limiting current density. The program is developed on the basis of the following assumption; (1) Solution leakage and electric current leakage in an electrodialyzer are negligible. (2) Direct current electric resistance of a membrane includes the electric resistance of a boundary layer formed on the desalting surface of the membrane due to concentration polarization. (3) Frequency distribution of solution velocity ratio in desalting cells is equated by the normal distribution. (4) Current density i at x distant from the inlets of desalting cells is approximated by the quadratic equation. (5) Voltage difference between the electrodes at the entrance of desalting cells is equal to the value at the exits. (6) Limiting current density of an electrodialyzer is defined as average current density applied to an electrodialyzer when current density reaches the limit of an ion exchange membrane at the outlet of a desalting cell in which linear velocity and electrolyte concentration are the least. (7) Concentrated solutions are extracted from concentrating cells to the outside of the process. The validity of the computer simulation model is demonstrated by comparing the computed results with the performance of electrodialyzers operating in salt-manufacturing plants. The model makes it possible to discuss optimum specifications and operating conditions of a practical-scale electrodialyzer.
Synthesis of 6-thioguanine and 2,6-diaminopurine nucleosides and nucleotides from adenine counterparts via a facile rearrangement in the base portion (Nucleosides and nucleotides. XIX. (1978)

A method of conversion of an adenine moiety to 6-thioguanine (and guanine) and 2, 6-diaminopurine moiety in the nucleoside and nucleotide levels were presented. The action of cyanogen bromide with adenosine N1-oxide afforded an 1, 2, 4-oxadiazolo (3, 2-f)-purine riboside (2a), which was in a pH dependent equilibrium with N6-cyanoadenosine N1-oxide (3a). Methylation followed by alkaline treatment of 3a resulted in a rearrangement leading to give 2-amino-N6-methoxyadenosine (5a). Catalytic hydrogenation of 5a gave 2, 6-diaminopurine riboside (6a). Sulfhydrolysis of 5a gave 6-thioguanosine (7a). By a similar reaction sequence 2'-deoxyadenosine was converted to 2'-deoxy-6-thioguanosine (7b) and 2, 6-diaminopurine 2'-deoxyriboside, respectively. Starting from the N1-oxides of adenosine 5'-phosphate (AMP), 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate (dAMP) and 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-phosphate (araAMP), the corresponding 6-thioguanine nucleotides were likewise prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Regioselective Acylation of Hexoses and Pentoses Using Oxime Esters. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On the Stability of Random Matrix Product with Markovian Noise: Application to Linear Stochastic Approximation and TD Learning (2021)

This paper studies the exponential stability of random matrix products driven by a general (possibly unbounded) state space Markov chain. It is a cornerstone in the analysis of stochastic algorithms in machine learning (e.g. for parameter tracking in online learning or reinforcement learning). The existing results impose strong conditions such as uniform boundedness of the matrix-valued functions and uniform ergodicity of the Markov chains. Our main contribution is an exponential stability result for the $p$-th moment of random matrix product, provided that (i) the underlying Markov chain satisfies a super-Lyapunov drift condition, (ii) the growth of the matrix-valued functions is controlled by an appropriately defined function (related to the drift condition). Using this result, we give finite-time $p$-th moment bounds for constant and decreasing stepsize linear stochastic approximation schemes with Markovian noise on general state space. We illustrate these findings for linear value-function estimation in reinforcement learning. We provide finite-time $p$-th moment bound for various members of temporal difference (TD) family of algorithms.
On the mechanism of marine fouling-prevention performance of oil-containing silicone elastomers (2022)

For many decades, silicone elastomers with oil incorporated have served as fouling-release coating for marine applications. In a comprehensive study involving a series of laboratory-based marine fouling assays and extensive global field studies of up to 2-year duration, we compare polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings of the same composition loaded with oil via two different methods. One method used a traditional, one-pot pre-cure oil addition approach (o-PDMS) and another method used a newer post-cure infusion approach (i-PDMS). The latter displays a substantial improvement in biofouling prevention performance that exceeds established commercial silicone-based fouling-release coating standards. We interpret the differences in performance between one-pot and infused PDMS by developing a mechanistic model based on the Flory-Rehner theory of swollen polymer networks. Using this model, we propose that the chemical potential of the incorporated oil is a key consideration for the design of future fouling-release coatings, as the improved performance is driven by the formation and stabilization of an anti-adhesion oil overlayer on the polymer surface.
Optical amplification and electroluminescence at 1.54 μm in Er-doped zinc silicate germanate on silicon (2004)

Optical amplification and electroluminescence at 1.5 μm is reported in Er-doped Zn2Si0.5Ge0.5O4 (ZSG:Er) on silicon. ZSG:Er films were deposited by rf sputtering from a composite target in Ar/O2 mixtures. Channel waveguides were fabricated by plasma etching with Cl/Ar. The refractive index of ZSG:Er was found to be 1.75 at 1.54 μm. Signal enhancement greater than 13 dB and an internal gain of ∼2 dB have been achieved by optically pumping a 4.7 cm ZSG:Er amplifier. Electroluminescence at 1.5 μm was achieved using an ac device structure with a ZSG:Er central layer and upper and lower dielectric layers.
An Alternate Approach to Buffer Insertion for Delay and Power Reduction in VLSI Interconnects (2010)

In VLSI interconnects, buffers are used to restore the signal level affected by the parasitic such as line capacitance, inductance, etc.. However buffers have a certain switching time that contributes to overall signal delay. Further, transitions that occur in interconnects give rise to crosstalk delay. Thus the overall delay in interconnects is due to the combined effect of both buffers and the crosstalk delay. In this work, replacement of buffers with Schmitt trigger is proposed for signal restoration. Since the threshold voltage of Schmitt trigger can be designed to be lower than that of buffer, signal can rise early while a large noise margin of Schmitt trigger helps in reducing the noise glitches due to crosstalk. Simulation results show that the Schmitt trigger approach gives 20% delay reduction as compared to 10.4% in case of buffer.
High-Order Mode Brillouin Fiber Lasers Based on Intra- and Inter-Modal SBS (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text N. Wang, J. C. Alvarado-Zacarias, M. S. Habib, H. Wen, Y. Zhang, J. E. Antonio-Lopez, P. Sillard, A. Amezcua-Correa, R. Amezcua-Correa, and G. Li, "High-Order Mode Brillouin Fiber Lasers Based on Intra- and Inter-Modal SBS," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper SM1L.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Bioequivalence Studies of Vitamin D Gummies and Tablets in Healthy Adults: Results of a Cross-Over Study (2019)

The objective of this investigation was to compare bioavailability between single oral dose Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (vitD<sub>3</sub>) gummies vs. tablets in healthy adults. An initial crossover, randomized clinical trial involving healthy adults (<i>n</i> = 9) was conducted followed by a larger, confirmatory study (<i>n</i> = 31). Healthy participants aged 18-45 years with body mass index (BMI) 18-30 without anemia or vitD deficiency were randomized to receive 20,000 international units (IU) vitD<sub>3</sub> as single dose gummies or tablets with serial samples obtained to measure plasma vitD<sub>3</sub> at baseline, 3, 6, 10, 24, and 48 h followed by a 2-week washout period. The same participants then crossed over to receive 20,000 IU vitD<sub>3</sub> in the form not previously given, with sampling at the same time points. Deidentified blood samples were analyzed for vitD<sub>3</sub> concentration by liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectroscopy. In Study 1, results suggested bioavailability was greater with gummies compared with tablets, (effect size 1.08 at 24 h). In Study 2, the area under the concentration curve (AUC) was higher with gummies than tablets (gummy mean (95% CI): 1474 ng·/mL (1393-1555); tablet mean (95% CI): 774 ng·h/mL (693-855), <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Average peak blood concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) values were significantly higher with gummies (gummy: 47.3 ng/mL; tablet: 23.4 ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). VitD<sub>3</sub> gummies had greater bioavailability than tablets with higher vitD concentrations over time, which may have implications for achieving vitD sufficiency.
Direct, Facile Synthesis of Acyl Azides and Nitriles from Carboxylic Acids Using Bis(2‐methoxyethyl)aminosulfur Trifluoride. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amelioration of Albuminuria in ROCK1 Knockout Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease (2011)

ROCK1 may play a role in the development of albuminuria in DKD by downregulating the endocytosis receptors complex - megalin/cubilin.
Spin flop switching for magnetic random access memory (2004)

By replacing the traditional single magnetic free layer in magnetic random access memory (MRAM) with a free layer composed of two antiferromagnetically coupled layers which switch by spin flop switching, the half select and activation energy problems that have hindered progress in MRAM to date can be essentially eliminated. By analytically and numerically solving a single domain model, the theory of spin flop switching for MRAM is developed here, including a discussion of the various types of easy axis hysteresis loops, the critical switching curve as a function of word and bit line fields, the role of thickness asymmetry, and the dependence of activation energy on applied field. The theory is developed for arbitrary thickness, length, width, magnetization, intrinsic anisotropy, and exchange coupling. Exact analytic formulas are given for the relevant switching fields and the activation energy. In particular, it is shown that the field required to switch the bit under half select can be many times larger than the field required for full select, and furthermore that the activation energy initially increases under application of a half select field.
Factorization of polarization-angular and polarization-frequency response of complex radar object, having random distribution of scattering centers (2003)

The field, scattered by a random complex radar object (RCRO), is a function of the positional angle of the RCRO and the module of the wave number of the incident wave. A general form of polarization frequency-angular response function of the RCRO is found by using the RCRO scattering operator. However, the use of a two-dimensional polarization response function is not convenient. Factorization into the polarization-angular response function (PAR) and polarization-frequency response function (PFR) allows one to separate the investigations. The problem of factorization into PAR and PFR of a RCRO, having a random distribution of its scattering centers, is presented.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Parameters of a Selenium-Based Antihypertensive Using Pulsed Doppler Ultrasound (2001)

The pharmacology of selenium is of much interest because selenium deficiency has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and arthritis, and selenoenzymes are critical cellular antioxidants. We have previously reported that phenyl-2-aminoethylselenide (PAESe) and its derivatives represent a novel class of selenium-based antihypertensive agents that exhibit unique biochemical and pharmacologic properties. We now report on experiments designed to probe the hemodynamic mechanism of action of these compounds in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A noninvasive pulsed Doppler ultrasound probe was used to measure peak blood flow velocity in the aortic arch from the right second intercostal space. PAESe was found to increase peak aortic blood flow velocity (+44%), heart rate (+16%), and blood flow acceleration (+105%), while decreasing left ventricular ejection time (LVET) (-37%) concomitant with a decrease in mean arterial pressure (-54%). These results were compared with the known vasodilator hydralazine, which had similar effects on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and peak velocity but caused an increase in LVET (+42%) and a decrease in heart rate (-18%). Taken together, our results suggest that PAESe decreases blood pressure via a decrease in peripheral resistance, which overcomes the initial increase in heart rate and acceleration to give a net decrease in MAP.
Outdoor Friesland - Prijzen en reserveren - De Twirre (2015)

Survival En Outdoor In Friesland. Bereken Direkt De Prijs In De Calculator. Kies Een Arrangement Of Maak Zelf Een Programma. De Twirre - Earnewald.
Environmentally-stable nonlinear chirped-pulse fiber amplifier (2009)

A femtosecond fiber system based on nonlinear chirped-pulse amplification is investigated. The amplifier is completely integrated, which requires careful management of nonlinearity. High-quality 500-fs pulses with 5 µJ energy are generated.
Ring chromosome 20 (2011)

Angelman syndrome is characterized by developmental delay, absence of speech, motor impairment, epilepsy, and a peculiar behavioral phenotype with happy demeanor. It is caused by lack of expression of the UBE3A gene, which can result from various abnormalities of chromosome 15q11-q13. Interictal high-amplitude rhythmic electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns are distinctive and should be differentiated from epileptic activity. Patterns of seizures, including type, age of onset, other clinical features, and EEG features of patients with Angelman syndrome may show some resemblance to defined epileptic syndromes. Correct characterization of their epilepsy is therefore important for both management and prognosis. Surveys of antiepileptic drugs used in patients with Angelman syndrome have suggested that valproic acid is the most commonly used. Non-pharmacological management is rarely considered, despite the relatively high prevalence of drug resistance. Ketogenic diet has been effective in a few cases.
Special roles of rural primary care and family medicine in improving vaccine hesitancy (2023)

Family medicine plays a crucial role in overcoming vaccine hesitancy in rural areas with a limited access to healthcare services and a higher prevalence of vaccine hesitancy. Competent information on diseases and vaccinations provided in a trusting relationship is important to overcome vaccination hesitancy and reach acceptance. This article aims to provide a critical analysis of this issue using methodologically rigorous research and evidence-based recommendations from nonsystematic literature research. Studies on the coronavirus pandemic conducted in South Tyrol, Italy, confirmed that vaccination hesitancy is more common in rural areas than in urban areas, even in economically well-developed Central European regions. The reason for this increased hesitancy is that groups with at-risk sociodemographic characteristics associated with hesitancy are more prevalent in rural areas. This fact assigns a special role to rural primary care and family medicine to be the mediators of vaccinations. Healthcare systems should invest in targeted continuing medical education to promote vaccination literacy among rural healthcare workers and physicians. Therefore, it is important to provide general practitioners with information on common vaccinations. Effective and efficient communication techniques should be improved for successful communication with patients.