gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 2-Azetidinones via Staudinger Reaction on a Solid Support (2011)

Abstract Trimellitic anhydride was attached to Merrifield resin and a ketene was generated from polymer-bound phthaloylglycine. Then this polymer reacted with imines in the presence of Vilsmeier reagent and triethylamine to afford the solid-phase-tethered β-lactam products. Selective cleavage of supported β-lactams by trifluoroacetic acid and methylhydrazine gave 4-carboxyphthalimido- and 3-amino-β-lactams, respectively. The trans-stereochemistry was found in all products.
UV radiation hardness of silicon inversion layer solar cells (2002)

For full utilization of the high spectral response of inversion-layer solar cells in the very-short-wavelength range of the solar spectrum, sufficient ultraviolet-radiation hardness is required. In addition to the charge-induced passivation achieved by incorporating cesium into the silicon nitride AR coating, the following means for further drastic reduction of UV-light-induced effects in inversion-layer solar cells without encapsulation are introduced and interpretations are given: increasing the nitride deposition temperature, silicon surface oxidation at low temperatures, texture etching, and using higher substrate resistivities. High UV radiation tolerance and improvement of the cell efficiency can be obtained simultaneously.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Learning suction graspability considering grasp quality and robot reachability for bin-picking (2021)

Deep learning has been widely used for inferring robust grasps. Although human-labeled RGB-D datasets were initially used to learn grasp configurations, preparation of this kind of large dataset is expensive. To address this problem, images were generated by a physical simulator, and a physically inspired model (e.g., a contact model between a suction vacuum cup and object) was used as a grasp quality evaluation metric to annotate the synthesized images. However, this kind of contact model is complicated and requires parameter identification by experiments to ensure real world performance. In addition, previous studies have not considered manipulator reachability such as when a grasp configuration with high grasp quality is unable to reach the target due to collisions or the physical limitations of the robot. In this study, we propose an intuitive geometric analytic-based grasp quality evaluation metric. We further incorporate a reachability evaluation metric. We annotate the pixel-wise grasp quality and reachability by the proposed evaluation metric on synthesized images in a simulator to train an auto-encoder--decoder called suction graspability U-Net++ (SG-U-Net++). Experiment results show that our intuitive grasp quality evaluation metric is competitive with a physically-inspired metric. Learning the reachability helps to reduce motion planning computation time by removing obviously unreachable candidates. The system achieves an overall picking speed of 560 PPH (pieces per hour).
Comparison of proteins based on segments structural similarity. (2004)

We present here a simple method for fast and accurate comparison of proteins using their structures. The algorithm is based on structural alignment of segments of Calpha chains (with size of 99 or 199 residues). The method is optimized in terms of speed and accuracy. We test it on 97 representative proteins with the similarity measure based on the SCOP classification. We compare our algorithm with the LGscore2 automatic method. Our method has the same accuracy as the LGscore2 algorithm with much faster processing of the whole test set, which is promising. A second test is done using the ToolShop structure prediction evaluation program and shows that our tool is on average slightly less sensitive than the DALI server. Both algorithms give a similar number of correct models, however, the final alignment quality is better in the case of DALI. Our method was implemented under the name 3D-Hit as a web server at http://3dhit.bioinfo.pl/ free for academic use, with a weekly updated database containing a set of 5000 structures from the Protein Data Bank with non-homologous sequences.
Adoptive immunotherapy with allogeneic Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐specific cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes for recurrent, EBV‐positive Hodgkin disease (2004)

Adoptive immunotherapy with allogeneic EBV CTL was safe for patients with recurrent, refractory, EBV-positive HD; and clinical responses may be observed without the establishment of detectable donor lymphoid chimerism.
Recognition of E‐cadherin on epithelial cells by the mucosal T cell integrin αM290β7 (αEβ7) (1995)

The integrin alpha M290 beta 7 on the surface of a T cell hybridoma, MTC-1, mediated adhesion of these cells to the mouse epithelial cell line CMT93. This interaction was critically dependent on the presence of divalent cations; Mn2+ strongly promoted adhesion, Ca2+ was ineffective and Mg2+ gave intermediate results. Antibodies to molecules on the surface of CMT93 cells were tested for inhibition of adhesion. One monoclonal antibody (mAb) against E-cadherin, ECCD-2, was found to have significant inhibitory activity. Other mAb to E-cadherin and antibodies to other molecules had no effect. To show that inhibition by ECCD-2 was specific for adhesion mediated by alpha M290 beta 7, MTC-1 cells were induced to adhere to CMT93 via the LFA-1/ICAM-1 pathway. For this purpose, the epithelial cells were treated with interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha to induce ICAM-1 expression and, in addition, alpha M290 beta 7 on MTC-1 cells was down-regulated by culturing the cells in the absence of transforming growth factor beta. Under these circumstances adhesion of MTC-1 cells to CMT93 was inhibited by an antibody to LFA-1 but not by ECCD-2. Transfection of mouse L cells with cDNA for mouse E-cadherin enabled MTC-1 cells to adhere to them through the alpha M290 beta 7 integrin; this interaction was inhibited both by ECCD-2 and by blocking antibody against the integrin. These data strongly suggest that E-cadherin is a principal ligand for alpha M290 beta 7.
Recent trends in hydrogen plant technology (1964)

Abstract The catalytic reforming process for producing hydrogen for the vegetable oil and other industries is reviewed. The chemistry of the steam‐hydrocarbon process and the present status as practiced in the U.S. are outlined. Results of research and development work are presented and a new process utilizing the Girdler űmodularƇ reformer is compared to standard designs. The advantages of űlow‐tempƇ carbon monoxide conversion are also discussed. The importance of considering the safety and reliability of new designs is stressed.
A GWAS assessment of the contribution of genomic imprinting to the variation of body mass index in mice (2015)

When a complex trait is subject to imprinting, using an additive model that ignores this phenomenon may result in an underestimate of additive variability, potentially leading to wrong inferences about the underlying genetic architecture of that trait. This could be a possible factor explaining part of the missing heritability commonly observed in genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
Peptide Self‐Assembly (2012)

Abstract The formation of well‐ordered nanostructures by a process of self‐association in aqueous media or at interfaces represents the core of modern nanotechnology. Processes of molecular recognition and self‐assembly direct the way in which relatively simple building blocks recognize each other, associate, and form ordered one‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional structures with a wide range of applications in nanoscience. The manner in which molecules self‐assemble and their interaction energies, shapes, and ultimate functions can be programmed at the molecular level by a careful and rational design. Peptides are among the most powerful building blocks available for constructing “smart” well‐ordered nanostructures in a “bottom‐up” approach, as they possess the biocompatibility and chemical diversity that are commonly found in proteins, but they are much more stable and robust and can be readily synthesized on a large scale. In this chapter, the main categories of peptide amphiphiles are discussed for their ability to spontaneously associate to form a variety of nanostructures (e.g., tubes, spheres, fibrils, tapes, and hydrogels at the nanometerscale) and some key features of this processes are outlined by describing a selection of relevant published works.
Widespread detection and characterization of porcine parainfluenza virus 1 in pigs in the USA (2015)

Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV1) was first identified in 2013 in slaughterhouse pigs in Hong Kong, China. Here, two near-complete genomes were assembled from swine exhibiting acute respiratory disease that were 90.0-95.3% identical to Chinese PPIV1. Analysis of the HN gene from ten additional PPIV1-positive samples found 85.0-95.5% identity, suggesting genetic diversity between strains. Molecular analysis identified 17 out of 279 (6.1%) positive samples from pigs with respiratory disease. Eleven nursery pigs from a naturally infected herd were asymptomatic; however, nasal swabs from six pigs and the lungs of a single pig were quantitative reverse transcriptase (qRT)-PCR positive. Histopathology identified PPIV1 RNA in the nasal respiratory epithelium and trachea. Two serological assays demonstrated seroconversion of infected pigs and further analysis of 59 swine serum samples found 52.5% and 66.1% seropositivity, respectively. Taken together, the results confirm the widespread presence of PPIV1 in the US swine herd.
New purine ring closure and the synthesis of 2-substituted derivatives of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew purine ring closure and the synthesis of 2-substituted derivatives of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphateRich B. Meyer Jr., Dennis A. Shuman, and Roland K. RobinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 15, 4962–4966Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00822a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (589 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Coupled Input-Series and Output-Parallel Dual Interleaved Flyback Converter for High Input Voltage Application (2008)

This paper proposes an integrated magnetic dc-dc converter suitable for high input voltage application. The converter is based on a coupled input-series and output-parallel dual interleaved Flyback converter concept. All the center and outer legs are gapped, and the transformers are integrated into one magnetic core with not so tight coupling. The gap is beneficial for suppressing current spike caused by the voltage mismatch between the windings. The two transformers are inversely coupled, and current ripple reduction can be achieved with suitable coupling design. A prototype with 350-450-V input and 24-V/4-A output is built. Experimental results verify the performance of the new topology.
Processing, Microstructure, and Properties of a Mg/Al Bimetal Macrocomposite (2008)

A bimetal magnesium/aluminum (Mg/Al) macrocomposite containing millimeter-scale Al core reinforcement was fabricated via casting and hot-extrusion. Characterization revealed that the Al volume fraction was not uniform along the extruded rod length. Major defects were absent, minimal porosity was present and Mg—Al interfacial integrity was good. The thermal stability of macrocomposite sections was marginally improved when compared to pure Mg. Results revealed that the presence of Al core leads to an improvement in average hardness and stiffness of Mg, and an overall improvement in tensile behavior (beyond 7% Al) assessed using work of fracture (WOF) of Mg. For macrocomposite sections containing more than 7% Al, shift in load bearing from Mg to Al at stress levels corresponding to the plastic deformation zone of Mg was indicated in the stepped tensile stress strain curve. An attempt is made to study the effect of presence of mm-scale Al and its variation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the bimetal Mg/Al macrocomposite.
Development of hydrogen-absorbing alloy applications as environment conscious materials (1994)

As environment conscious materials, hydrogen-absorbing alloys have several potential applications. We are now developing new applications, which are cadmium free secondary battery, CO2 emission free portable fuel cell and chloro-fluorocarbon free refrigeration system. This paper introduces these new applications and presents new hydrogen-absorbing alloys which are suitable for these applications.
Spent refractory reuse as a slag conditioning additive in the EAF (2000)

Refractories removed from service in EAF applications are typically landfilled. A joint USDOE and Steel Manufacturers Association program involving industrial cooperators is evaluating spent refractory recycling/reuse. A review of current recycling practices and a review of progress towards controlling EAF slag chemistry and properties with the additions of basic spent refractories will be discussed.
MMSE optimal feedback of correlated CSI for multi-user precoding (2008)

For the separation of the signals for multiple users in the vector broadcast channel (BC), channel state information (CSI) is necessary at the transmitter. Since the transmitter has no access to this information in many cases, the CSI must be fed back from the receivers to the transmitter. Before the feedback, the receivers estimate the CSI and apply a rank reduction possible due to the channel correlations. We propose a joint optimization of the estimation, the rank reduction, and the codebook used for the feedback. Interestingly, the estimator and the rank reduction resulting from this monolithic formulation are independent of the used codebook which can be computed with the generalized Lloyd algorithm. Applying the proposed feedback design to a system with multi-user precoding based on CSI feedback shows the clear superiority of the optimized codebook compared to previous designs.
Effect of Ligand Charge on Electron-Transfer Rates of Water-Soluble Gold Nanoparticles (2015)

As the use of nanoparticles as biological and electronic platforms increases, research must be conducted to determine the kinetics of varying types of particles. In this paper, we determine the forward heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constant (kf) of water-soluble monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles using a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). Using SECM approach curves, we were able to determine the electron-transfer rates of water-soluble nanoparticles protected with a variety of ligands: tiopronin, glutathione, and trimethylammonium undecenyl mercaptan. Our results show the electron-transfer rate is largely dependent on the charge presented by the ligand shell. Fixed charges on ligands inhibit the tunneling of the electron through the protecting monolayer, making ligand charge a dominant factor in electron-transfer rates. By changing the ligand charge on tiopronin-protected gold nanoparticles through pH, we show the electron-transfer rate is inversely proportional with pH and decreases dramatically as the ligands move from an uncharged to a negatively charged species.
Formation mechanisms of magnetic bubbles in an M-type hexaferrite: Role of chirality reversal at domain walls (2016)

We examined the formation mechanisms of magnetic bubbles in an $M$-type hexaferrite via Lorentz microscopy. When magnetic fields were perpendicularly applied to a thin sample of $\mathrm{BaF}{{\mathrm{e}}_{12}}_{\ensuremath{-}x\ensuremath{-}0.05}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{c}}_{x}\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{g}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{19}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(x=1.6)$, Bloch lines, which were identified as reversals of domain-wall chirality, appeared, and magnetic bubbles were formed when the magnetic stripes were pinched off at these Bloch lines. The number of Bloch lines increased with the amount of Sc in $\mathrm{BaF}{\mathrm{e}}_{12\ensuremath{-}x\ensuremath{-}0.05}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{c}}_{x}\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{g}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{19}$, probably because of the reduction in magnetic anisotropy. A Lorentz microscopic observation revealed that Bloch lines with high magnetostatic energy may play an important role in the formation of magnetic bubbles.
The effect of superoxide dismutase on nitric oxide‐mediated and electrical field‐stimulated diabetic rabbit cavernosal smooth muscle relaxation (2001)

NO- and EFS-mediated cavernosal smooth muscle relaxation is impaired in a rabbit model of diabetes but SOD significantly reversed the impaired relaxation. Therefore, in diabetes, the generation of reactive oxygen species may play an important role in the development of erectile dysfunction.
151. SRAVNITEL'NAYa OTsENKA KLINIChESKOY EFFEKTIVNOSTI KSEFOKAMA I DIKLOFENAKA U BOL'NYKh REVMATOIDNYM ARTRITOM (2000)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Development of new 3D human ex vivo models to study sebaceous gland lipid metabolism and modulations (2018)

Functional sebocyte maturation and physiological maintenance were preserved up to 6 weeks in our models. Associated with functional assays, they provide a powerful platform to mimic physiological skin lipid metabolism and to screen for active ingredients modulating sebum production.
[Suppression of gamma-interferon induced HLA-DR antigen expression on normal and transformed keratinocytes by 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D3]. (1991)

Recently, it has been shown that 1,25 (OH)2 Vitamin D3 (VD3) shows growth inhibition and enhances differentiation of keratinocytes in vitro. To elucidate the further effect of VD3 on keratinocytes, we studied the effect of recombinant human gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and VD3 on the expression of HLA-DR antigen and MHC class I antigen on 3 normal and 6 transformed keratinocytes by means of FACS analysis. IFN-gamma (500 JRU/ml, 72 hr) induced the expression of HLA-DR antigen on 3/3 normal keratinocytes, 3/4 trichilemmoma and 1/2 squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. When these cells were cultured with both IFN-gamma and VD3 at the same time, the expression of HLA-DR antigen was significantly decreased. Sequential treatment of these cells with IFN-gamma and VD3 (each 72 hr), or vice versa, showed significant suppression of HLA-DR antigen expression. The fluorescens intensity of class I antigen was increased after IFN-gamma treatment, however, this effect is inhibited when the cells were treated with combination of IFN-gamma and VD3.
Supplementary Table 1 from Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Suppresses Squamous Carcinogenic Progression and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Suppresses Squamous Carcinogenic Progression and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Following the crowd: brain substrates of long-term memory conformity. (2012)

Human memory is strikingly susceptible to social influences, yet we know little about the underlying mechanisms. We examined how socially induced memory errors are generated in the brain by studying the memory of individuals exposed to recollections of others. Participants exhibited a strong tendency to conform to erroneous recollections of the group, producing both long-lasting and temporary errors, even when their initial memory was strong and accurate. Functional brain imaging revealed that social influence modified the neuronal representation of memory. Specifically, a particular brain signature of enhanced amygdala activity and enhanced amygdala-hippocampus connectivity predicted long-lasting but not temporary memory alterations. Our findings reveal how social manipulation can alter memory and extend the known functions of the amygdala to encompass socially mediated memory distortions. PMID: 21719681 Funding information This work was supported by: Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom Grant ID: 078865
Structure of the mouse dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26) gene (1994)

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV, EC 3.4.14.5) is an ectopeptidase whose expression is modulated during thymocyte differentiation and T cell activation. We describe here the organization of the mouse DPP IV gene. This gene, which encompasses more than 90 kb, is composed of 26 exons separated by introns, the lengths of which vary from 100 bp to more than 20 kb. Reverse PCR performed on RNA from different tissues indicated that DPP IV transcripts do not contain alternatively spliced CDS sequences and, therefore, are supposed to yield a single polypeptide. However, two types of specific mRNA have been detected that differ in their 3'UTR sequences. They derive from alternative polyadenylation of the DPP IV primary transcript, since the different 3'UTR sequences are contiguous in the mouse DPP IV gene. Sequence analysis of the gene 5'-flanking region revealed several structural features found in the TATAA-box-less promoters, including a G+C-rich segment, a high frequency of dinucleotide CpG, and an imperfect symmetrical dyad. The DPP IV gene was assigned by in situ hybridization to the mouse [2C2-2D] region, which is syntenic with human chromosome 2. These data indicate that the human Dpp4 locus is located within this synteny region (i.e., 2q14-q37). The genomic organization of the mouse DPP IV gene is compared to that of classical serine proteases and serine hydrolases. As structural and mechanistic conservation in the absence of sequence similarity is the most remarkable feature among alpha/beta hydrolases [Ollis, D. L., et al. (1992) Protein Eng. 5, 197-211], we report the possible evolutionary link between the DPP IV related family and alpha/beta hydrolases.