gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Case 12: A 84-Year-Old Man With Decreased Consciousness and Hyperpnea (2023)

An 84-year-old man with a body weight of 54 kg and a history of stroke 20 years ago, presented at the emergency department with general weakness.He was taking acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg once a day for prevention of secondary stroke.He denied other comorbidities or past medical history besides stroke and smoking history of 60 pack-years.Since initial laboratory tests showed elevated serum creatinine to 2.68 mg/dL, he was referred to the Nephrology Department.On initial presentation, he was alert, and his vital signs were stable with a body temperature of 37.4C, blood pressure of 111/67 mmHg, heart rate of 72 beats per minute (bpm), and respiratory rate of 16 bpm.However, he began to show hyperpnea and decreased consciousness in emergency room.He had decreased skin turgor and a dry tongue, which suggested a hypovolemic status.Lung sounds were clear during auscultation.The laboratory work-up showed a white blood cell count of 8,060 /mm 3 , a C-reactive protein level of 2.53 mg/dL, serum creatinine level of 2.68 mg/dL, serum albumin level of 4.1 g/dL and serum sodium, potassium, and chloride levels of 140, 4.7 and 110 mmol/L, respectively.In the arterial blood gas panel, pH was 7.395, PCO2 was 19.3 mmHg and HCO3 was measured 11.5 mmol/L (Table 1).Anion gap was calculated at 18.5 mmol/L.Coagulation profile showed the prolongation of international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT).Further analysis of urine chemistry revealed urine sodium of 57 mEq/L, urine chloride of 33 mEq/L and the fractional excretion of sodium was calculated as 0.8%.Chest radiography revealed flattened diaphragm, which suggested hyperinflation of the lungs.Microbiological screening did not reveal any infective organism.
The High-Temperature Deformation Mechanism in Al&ndash;Mg Alloys and the Internal Stress (1976)

Mean internal stresses measured by the dip test in high-temperature deformation of Al–Mg alloys have been known to be very high compared with those estimated from the assumption of the equidistant distribution of parallel dislocations.In order to examine the validity of the dip test, stress relaxation and rapid strain rate change tests are performed in Al-5.7 at% Mg, and the high internal stresses are confirmed.Density and configuration of dislocations in the steady-state deformation are estimated theoretically based on the solute atmosphere dragging mechanism, and the mean internal stress is calculated from the configuration. It is concluded that the high internal stress is due to forest dislocations existing in high density.
NFCGate: Opening the Door for NFC Security Research with a Smartphone-Based Toolkit (2020)

Near-Field Communication (NFC) is being used in a variety of security-critical applications, from access control to payment systems. However, NFC protocol analysis typically requires expensive or conspicuous dedicated hardware, or is severely limited on smartphones. In 2015, the NFCGate proof of concept aimed at solving this issue by providing capabilities for NFC analysis employing off-the-shelf Android smartphones. In this paper, we present an extended and improved NFC toolkit based on the functionally limited original open-source codebase. With in-flight traffic analysis and modification, relay, and replay features this toolkit turns an off-the-shelf smartphone into a powerful NFC research tool. To support the development of countermeasures against relay attacks, we investigate the latency incurred by NFCGate in different configurations. Our newly implemented features and improvements enable the case study of an award-winning, enterprise-level NFC lock from a well-known European lock vendor, which would otherwise require dedicated hardware. The analysis of the lock reveals several security issues, which were disclosed to the vendor.
4D Printing of Surface Morphing Hydrogels (2021)

Abstract Polymeric systems displaying spontaneous formation of surface wrinkling patterns are useful for a wide range of applications, such as diffraction gratings, flexible electronics, smart adhesives, optical devices, and cell culture platforms. Conventional fabrication techniques for wrinkling patterns involves multitude of processing steps and impose significant limitations on fabrication of hierarchical patterns, creating wrinkles on 3D and nonplanar structures, the scalability of the manufacturing process, and the integration of wrinkle fabrication process into a continuous manufacturing process. In this work, 4D printing of surface morphing hydrogels enabling direct fabrication of wrinkling patterns on curved and/or 3D structures with user‐defined and spatially controlled pattern geometry and size is reported. The key to successful printing is to tailor the photopolymerization time and partial crosslinking time of the hydrogel inks. The interplay between crosslinker concentration and postprinting crosslinking time allow for the control over wrinkling morphology and the characteristic size of the patterns. The pattern alignment is controlled by the print strut size—the size of the solid material extruded from the print nozzle in the form of a line. To demonstrate the utility of the approach, tunable optical devices, a solvent/humidity sensor for microchips, and cell culture platforms to control stem cell shape are fabricated.
Accurate Indoor Location Estimation by Incorporating the Importance of Access Points in Wireless Local Area Networks (2010)

This study focuses on indoor localization in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). We investigate the unequal contribution of each access point (AP) on location estimation. The main contribution is two parts. First, a novel mechanism is proposed to measure the degrees of the AP importance. The importance of each AP is quantified by the signal discrimination between distinct locations. We utilize such numerical relevancies to select important APs for positioning. Second, the importance is further embedded into our positioning system. We provide a weighted kernel function where the effect of APs is differentiated. That is, the larger weights are assigned to the more important APs. Moreover, we develop a quasi-entropy function to avoid an abrupt change on the weights. Our positioning system is developed in a real-worldWLAN environment, where the realistic measurement of receive signal strength (RSS) is collected. Experimental results show that the positioning accuracy is significantly improved by taking the different importance into consideration.
Electromagnetic analysis of fully superconducting motor for electric aircraft (2020)

Abstract In order to reduce carbon emissions, there is considerable interest in all-electric aircraft for transportation. Fully superconductor motors will be required to meet the high specific weight requirements, which are &gt;10 kW/kg for the NASA N3-X plane. This paper summarizes the results of electromagnetic analysis generated using the FEMM magnetics code, along with the Lua scripting language, to determine the optimum motor configuration for a 4 MW, 3000 rpm fan motor. In considering ac loss, the analysis assumes Bi-2212 stator windings and both iron-tooth and air-core designs are considered. The best selected case consists of an 8-pole configuration utilizing an armature current density of 100 A/mm 2 .
Effect of Activating Device on the Properties of Tap Water (2010)

Effect of activating device on the property of tap water was studied by surface tensiometer and pH meter. The results showed that the surface tension of tap water activated by the device reduced and pH value increased. The variations of surface tension and pH value are connected with flow rates. The larger flow rate, the less variation of surface tension and pH value when at the same cycle time, however, the more variation of surface tension and pH value when at the same activating time. Activated by the device, 17O NMR half width of tap water reduced from 70.79Hz at the inlet to 60.87Hz at the outlet. Reduction of surface tension were caused by hydrogen bonds in water clusters which were weakened or broken by far-infrared radiation of functional ceramic ball and galvanic cell action of copper-zinc alloy. Increment of pH value were caused by H+ in water exchanging with metal cations on surface of far-infrared ceramic balls and dissolved oxygen getting electron and forming OH-1 with the function of copper-zinc alloy.
Yueh-Gin Gung and Dr. Charles Y. Hu Award for Distinguished Service to Leonard Gillman (1999)

"Yueh-Gin Gung and Dr. Charles Y. Hu Award for Distinguished Service to Leonard Gillman." The American Mathematical Monthly, 106(2), pp. 97–98
Extended Molecular and Clinical Phenotype of Human G6PC3 Deficiency. (2010)

Abstract Abstract 1495 Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. Recently, our discovery of G6PC3 deficiency in 12 patients with SCN and various developmental features highlighted the role of glucose metabolism in the viability of neutrophil granulocytes. To further delineate the molecular and clinical phenotype of this complex syndrome, we analyzed a second cohort of 23 SCN patients referred to us for molecular analysis of G6PC3 mutations. All patients had at least one syndromic feature in addition to congenital neutropenia such as such as congenital heart defects, urogenital malformations or increased venous marking. Among these 23 patients, we identified 14 patients with biallelic mutations in G6PC3. 10 patients had novel mutations in G6PC3. A comprehensive review of the clinical characteristics of these patients underlined the phenotypic variability of G6PC3 deficiency. In addition to known manifestations including cardiac (14/14) and urogenital malformations such as cryptorchidism (3/14), novel features such as facial dysmorphy (11/14) or malformation of the outer genitalia (4/14) were found. No obvious genotype-phenotype correlations could be established. All patients except one had a good response to treatment with G-CSF characterized by increased peripheral neutrophil counts and decreased frequency and severity of infections. To assess the risk of leukemogenesis, we performed a meta-analysis comparing the 14 G6PC3-deficient SCN patients combined with the 12 patients in the original publication with a cohort of 374 patients SCN patients bearing mutations in ELANE or HAX1, in which 61 developed MDS or AML. The rate of MDS/AML was found to be significantly lower in G6PC3-deficient patients (p=0.02). Our analysis suggests that the risk of transition to MDS/AML may be lower in G6PC3-deficient SCN compared with other genetically defined SCN subgroups. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Loss of spatacsin function alters lysosomal lipid clearance leading to upper and lower motor neuron degeneration (2017)

Mutations in SPG11 account for the most common form of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), characterized by a gait disorder associated with various brain alterations. Mutations in the same gene are also responsible for rare forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and progressive juvenile-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To elucidate the physiopathological mechanisms underlying these human pathologies, we disrupted the Spg11 gene in mice by inserting stop codons in exon 32, mimicking the most frequent mutations found in patients. The Spg11 knockout mouse developed early-onset motor impairment and cognitive deficits. These behavioral deficits were associated with progressive brain atrophy with the loss of neurons in the primary motor cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus, as well as with accumulation of dystrophic axons in the corticospinal tract. Spinal motor neurons also degenerated and this was accompanied by fragmentation of neuromuscular junctions and muscle atrophy. This new Spg11 knockout mouse therefore recapitulates the full range of symptoms associated with SPG11 mutations observed in HSP, ALS and CMT patients. Examination of the cellular alterations observed in this model suggests that the loss of spatacsin leads to the accumulation of lipids in lysosomes by perturbing their clearance from these organelles. Altogether, our results link lysosomal dysfunction and lipid metabolism to neurodegeneration and pinpoint a critical role of spatacsin in lipid turnover.
Low dielectric constant porous diamond films formed by diamond nanoparticles (2003)

The reduction of the dielectric constant of interlayer insulating films in ultra large scale integrated circuits is an important factor in improving resistance-capacitance delay. A “porous diamond” film, composed of nanoscale diamond particles, is proposed as a material with a low dielectric constant, and is prepared by spin coating a 5% diamond colloidal solution mixed by 4 nm diamond nanoparticles in purified water. High-resolution scanning electron microscope observations show that the film contains nanoscale pores. The mechanical strength and adhesion of the porous diamond films were improved by forming the chemical bonds between diamond nanoparticles and also between the nanoparticles and the substrate. The chemical bonds were created by introducing a bi-functional silane coupler such as hexachlorodisiloxan molecules followed by annealing at 300 °C. A low dielectric constant of 1.63, estimated from the refractive index, was obtained by using high purity diamond nanoparticles after the reinforcing process by hexachlorodisiloxan. The porous diamond films are expected to have a higher thermal stability and a superior mechanical strength compared with other porous low dielectric constant materials.
Workshop conclusions: Technology transfer and the civil space program (1992)

Workshop objectives, participating organizations, results, and principal findings are presented in outline form.
Proficiency feasibility of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of polymeric surfactant on enhanced oil recovery (2018)

Enhanced heavy oil recovery methods are widely utilized to increase oil recovery. For this purpose, polymer and surfactant flooding have been used extensively. Recently, polymeric surfactant flooding has become an attractive alternative to sole polymer flooding due to their capability of providing an increase in solution viscosity and a decrease in interfacial tension, which are both beneficial for efficiency of the process. Applying nanoparticles as an additive to polymer solutions is a method to improve viscosity and alter rock wettability. Therefore, in this research, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was mixed with a polymeric surfactant of polyacrylamide-graft-lignin copolymer (PAM-g-L) synthesized via radical grafting reaction. Moreover, several solutions with different concentrations of nanoparticles with PAM-g-L were prepared. The solutions were injected into a micromodel to evaluate the PAM-g-L flooding efficiency in presence of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The results of micromodel flooding showed that increasing MWCNT concentration results in lower sweep efficiencies; and consequently, oil production will decrease. Therefore, MWCNT along with PAM-g-L has an unacceptable performance in enhanced heavy oil recovery. But data of wettability tests revealed that MWCNT can change the wettability from oil-wet to water-wet. In addition, the combination of the PAM-g-L and MWCNT in a solution will cause more water-wet condition.
Basis functions for an MoM solution of a corner-truncated patch antenna (2005)

A new set of entire-domain basis functions for the numerical solution of corner-truncated patch antennas via a method of moments (MoM) algorithm is proposed in this article. The basis functions used here allow improvement of the computational efficiency and/or the accuracy of the numerical method, compared to the analysis techniques previously presented in the literature and commonly employed in practical designs. Some numerical results showing the capabilities of the new basis functions proposed here and good agreement with the measurements are also presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2005.
Towards Emotion-Based Collaborative Software Engineering (2015)

There is a symbiotic relationship between collaborative software engineering and the recent research in detection of four kinds of task-based emotions: interruptibility, difficulty perception, frustration, and attention. Predictions of these emotions can trigger opportunistic collaborations, make collaborations more purposeful, influence how activities are scheduled, and give implicit feedback from collaborators. Conversely, concepts from software engineering can further advance the nascent area of emotion detection by creating reusable analysis, annotation and prediction tools and architectures that make the notion of multi-iteration application- and emotion-independent prediction tractable.
Dynamic Protein Interaction Networks and New Structural Paradigms in Signaling (2016)

Understanding signaling and other complex biological processes requires elucidating the critical roles of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and regions (IDRs), which represent ∼30% of the proteome and enable unique regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we describe the structural heterogeneity of disordered proteins that underpins these mechanisms and the latest progress in obtaining structural descriptions of conformational ensembles of disordered proteins that are needed for linking structure and dynamics to function. We describe the diverse interactions of IDPs that can have unusual characteristics such as "ultrasensitivity" and "regulated folding and unfolding". We also summarize the mounting data showing that large-scale assembly and protein phase separation occurs within a variety of signaling complexes and cellular structures. In addition, we discuss efforts to therapeutically target disordered proteins with small molecules. Overall, we interpret the remodeling of disordered state ensembles due to binding and post-translational modifications within an expanded framework for allostery that provides significant insights into how disordered proteins transmit biological information.
Abgeliefert (2022)

Immer mehr Lieferdienste tummeln sich auf Deutschlands Straßen. Das eröffnet Herstellern von Getränken auch abseits von Platzhirsch Flaschenpost weitere Chancen. Jens Holst
Invertebrate Athletes: Trade-Offs Between Transport Efficiency and Power Density in Cephalopod Evolution (1991)

ABSTRACT Jet propulsion concentrates muscle power on a small volume of high-velocity fluid to give high thrust with low Froude efficiency. Proponents are typically escape artists with high maintenance costs. Nonetheless, oceanic squids depend primarily on jets to forage over large volumes of relatively unproductive ocean (low power density, Wm−3). A survey of locomotor performance among phyla and along an ‘evolutionary continuum’ of cephalopods (Nautilus, Sepia, Loligo and Illex) suggests that increasing speed and animal power density are required if animals are to compete effectively in environments of decreasing power density. Neutral buoyancy and blood oxygen reserves require unproductive volume, keeping drag high. Undulatory fins increase efficiency, but dependence on muscular hydrostats without rigid skeletal elements limits speed. Migratory oceanic squids show a remarkable range of anatomical, physiological and biochemical adaptations to sustain high speeds by maximizing power density. Muscle mitochondrial density increases 10-fold, but metabolic regulation is realigned to optimize both aerobic and anaerobic capacity. The origins of these adaptations are examined (as far as possible, and perhaps further) along the continuum leading to the most powerful invertebrates.
Characterisation of bovine structure‐specific recognition protein 1 (SSRP1) cDNA (1997)

A partial bovine SSRP1 (structure-specific recognition protein 1) cDNA has been isolated from a osteoblast cDNA library and sequenced. The bovine SSRP1 cDNA of 1870 bp encoding 460 amino acid residues showed 86% and 98% sequence identity with human SSRP1 at the DNA and protein level, respectively. Expression of SSRP1 mRNA was detected in many human tissues, with a particularly high level in kidney.
Lipid-exchange in nanodiscs discloses membrane boundaries of cytochrome-P450 reductase (2018)

Lipids are critical for the function of membrane proteins. NADPH-cytochrome-P450-reductase, the sole electron transferase for microsomal oxygenases, possesses a conformational dynamics entwined with its topology. Here, we use peptide-nanodiscs to unveil cytochrome-P450-reductase's lipid boundaries, demonstrating a protein-driven enrichment of ethanolamine lipids (by 25%) which ameliorates by 3-fold CPR's electron-transfer ability.
Neutralization of NaAlO2 solution with CO2 for synthesis of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles, part 1: effects of synthesis parameters in semi-batch membrane dispersion microstructured reactor (2016)

Controlling characteristics of synthesized pseudoboehmite nanoparticles by means of parameters governing the neutralization process. Proposing formation mechanism of pseudoboehmite in three main stages: nucleation, aggregation and assembly.
Distributed algorithms for shortest-path, deadlock-free routing and broadcasting in arbitrarily faulty hypercubes (2002)

The authors present a distributed table-filling algorithm for point-to-point routing in a degraded hypercube system. This algorithm finds the shortest length existing path from each source to each destination in the faulty hypercube and fills the routing tables so that messages are routed along these paths. A novel scheme for broadcast routing with tables is proposed, and the algorithm required to fill the broadcast tables, given the point-to-point routing tables, is presented. In addition, the modifications necessary to make these algorithms ensure deadlock-free routing are given. A quantitative and equalitative comparison of previously proposed reroute strategies with table routing, where the tables are filled by the authors' algorithms, are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prediction of Fatigue Crack Propagation of Sub-Surface Cracks by “SCAN” (2004)

The authors have proposed an influence function method by which stress intensity factor, K, of surface cracks can be calculated easily for arbitrarily distributed surface stresses. They have developed the database of influence coefficients, Kij, for various types of surface cracks through a series of finite element analyses [1]. And they also have developed a software system “SCAN”, based upon the above developed database, by which K-values of surface cracks can be evaluated promptly, and further, fatigue crack propagation can be simulated easily by a personal computer. In this paper the authors have studied how they can apply the SCAN system to the problem of the sub-surface cracks. They have developed “SCAN Sub-Surface Crack Version”, where SCAN is improved by newly analyzed influence coefficients for a series of sub-surface cracks, and by following the scenario described in ASME CODE, SECTION XI [2]. They have found that the database of a surface crack in a flat plate already installed in the SCAN system, with the above described Kij database for sub-surface cracks, can be applied to this problem with satisfactory accuracy, which means the K-values of this problem can be evaluated promptly by the SCAN system, and the propagation of small sub-surface cracks can be simulated easily.