gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Stock and its Management in Soils of Bhilwara District, Rajasthan (2015)

Soil organic matter is an important component that regulates most of the soil properties and serves as an indicator for assessing soil quality and climate change phenomenon. Soil resources of Bhilwara district of Rajasthan were inventorized using the IRS 1B imageries and survey of India toposheet on 1: 50, 000 scale. The district had three physiographic units viz., Eastern plain, Aravalli and Vindhyan landscape. Out of forty soil series, 22 occurred in Eastern plain, 10 in Vindhyan and 8 in Aravalli landscape. The soils of different physiographic units were evaluated for soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) at 0–15, 15–30, 30–50 and 50–100 cm depths. The soils of Aravali landscape, Eastern plain and Vindhyan landscape had SOC pool to the tune of 11.3, 12.1 and 14.8 Mg ha−1 at 0-15cm depth and 6.4, 9.3 and 11.6 Mg ha−1 at 15–30 cm depth, respectively. The SIC pool in these physiographic units were 4.9, 6.1 and 3.1 Mg ha−1 at 0-15cm depth and 3.5, 10.8 and 3.1 Mg ha−1 at 15–30 cm depth, respectively. Among soil orders, Vertisols (3.69% of total geographical area, TGA) sequestered highest SOC (77.1 Mg ha−1) and SIC (148.5 Mg ha−1) up to profile depth followed by Inceptisols (68.85% of TGA) and Entisols (10.32% of TGA).
High‐Frequency Induction Heat Sintering of Mechanically Alloyed Alumina–Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia Nano‐Bioceramics (2006)

Nanostructured alumina—20 vol% 3‐yttria‐stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) powder composites were synthesized by the wet‐milling technique. The starting materials were a mixture of alumina micropowder and 3YSZ nanopowders. The mixtures were optimized for good sintering behaviors, high hardness, and toughness. Nano‐crystalline grains were obtained after milling for 24h. The nano‐structured powders were then processed to full density at different temperatures by high‐frequency induction heat sintering. Effects of sintering temperature on the hardness, toughness, and microstructure properties have been studied. Al 2 O 3 –3YSZ composites with higher hardness, toughness, and smaller grain size have successfully been developed at relatively low temperatures by this technique.
Breaking an improved password authenticated key exchange protocol for imbalanced wireless networks (2005)

Yeh et al. (2003) proposed a password-authenticated key exchange protocol which is claimed to be an improvement of Zhu et al.'s (2002) password-authenticated key exchange protocol to defend against the so-called undetectable on-line password guessing attack. In this paper, we show that the improved protocol of Yeh et al. is insecure. In fact, an adversary can recover the password, off-line, by executing a single run of the improved protocol. We also point out the misconception of the so-called undetectable on-line password guessing attack.
Model-Driven Consistency Preservation in AutomationML (2018)

Over the last decade, standards such as AutomationML have emerged to support interoperability between tools along the engineering chain of Industrial Automation Systems. AutomationML incorporates various standards for different engineering domains, and defines common interfaces between them. Evolution is an integral part of the lifecycle of an Industrial Automation System. Thus, the AutomationML model of a system is subject to numerous changes. Such changes may lead to inconsistencies between the modeling artifacts from each engineering domain. Today, the propagation of changes from the models of one engineering domain to the other affected domains is still mostly a manual process. The process requires high effort and is error prone. In this paper, we reason on different kinds of consistency constraints and propose the Vitruvius framework to enable automated consistency preservation within AutomationML.
Gating and ion selectivity of Channelrhodopsins are critical for photo-activated orientation of Chlamydomonas as shown by in vivo point mutation (2022)

The green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with two photoreceptors called channelrhodopsins is a model organism that gave birth to a new scientific field of biomedical studies, optogenetics. Although channelrhodopsins are helping to decipher the activity of the human brain, their functionality has never been extensively studied in the organism of origin, mainly due to the difficulties connected to reverse genetic interventions. In this study, we present a CRISPR-Cas9-based technique that enables a precise in vivo exchange of single amino acids in a selected gene. To shed light on the function of channelrhodopsins ChR1 (C1) and ChR2 (C2) in vivo, we deleted both channelrhodopsins independently in the wild-type strain and introduced point mutations in the remaining channel, causing modified photocycle kinetics and ion selectivity. The mutated strains, ΔC1C2-E123T, ΔC1C2-E90R and ΔC1C2-E90Q, showed about 100-fold decrease in photosensitivity, a reduced photophobic response and faster light adaptation rates due to accelerated photocycle kinetics and reduced Ca<sup>2+</sup> conductance. Moreover, the ΔC1C2-E90Q with an additionally reduced H<sup>+</sup> permeability produced an electrical response only in the presence of Na<sup>+</sup> ions, highlighting a contribution and importance of H<sup>+</sup> conductance to photocurrents in the wild-type algae. Finally, in the ΔC1C2-E90R strain with the channelrhodopsin selectivity converted to anions, no photo-responses were detected. We conclude that the precise photocycle kinetics and the particular ion selectivity of channelrhodopsins are the key parameters for efficient phototaxis in low light conditions.
CDSchecker (2013)

Writing low-level concurrent software has traditionally required intimate knowledge of the entire toolchain and often has involved coding in assembly. New language standards have extended C and C++ with support for low-level atomic operations and a weak memory model, enabling developers to write portable and efficient multithreaded code. Developing correct low-level concurrent code is well-known to be especially difficult under a weak memory model, where code behavior can be surprising. Building reliable concurrent software using C/C++ low-level atomic operations will likely require tools that help developers discover unexpected program behaviors. In this paper we present CDSChecker, a tool for exhaustively exploring the behaviors of concurrent code under the C/C++ memory model. We develop several novel techniques for modeling the relaxed behaviors allowed by the memory model and for minimizing the number of execution behaviors that CDSChecker must explore. We have used CDSChecker to exhaustively unit test several concurrent data structure implementations on specific inputs and have discovered errors in both a recently published C11 implementation of a work-stealing queue and a single producer, single consumer queue implementation.
Thin film nano-photocatalyts with low band gap energy for gas phase degradation of p -xylene: TiO 2 doped Cr, UiO66-NH 2 and LaBO 3 (B  =  Fe, Mn, and Co) (2017)

By dip-coating technique the thin films of nano-photocatalysts TiO2, Cr-doped TiO2, LaBO3 perovskites (B = Fe, Mn, and Co) prepared by sol-gel method, and UiO66-NH2 prepared by a solvothermal were obtained and employed for gas phase degradation of p-xylene. Physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts were examined by the methods of BET, SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, Raman and UV–vis spectroscopies. The thickness of film was determined by a Veeco-American Dektek 6M instrument. The activity of catalysts was evaluated in deep photooxidation of p-xylene in a microflow reactor at room temperature with the radiation sources of a UV (λ = 365 nm) and LED lamps (λ = 400–510 nm). The obtained results showed that TiO2 and TiO2 doped Cr thin films was featured by an anatase phase with nanoparticles of 10–100 nm. Doping TiO2 with 0.1%mol Cr2O3 led to reduce band gap energy from 3.01 down to 1.99 eV and extend the spectrum of photon absorption to the visible region (λ = 622 nm). LaBO3 perovkite thin films were also featured by a crystal phase with average particle nanosize of 8–40 nm, a BET surface area of 17.6–32.7 m2 g−1 and band gap energy of 1.87–2.20 eV. UiO66-NH2 was obtained in the ball shape of 100–200 nm, a BET surface area of 576 m2 g−1 and a band gap energy of 2.83 eV. The low band gap energy nano-photocatalysts based on Cr-doped TiO2 and LaBO3 perovskites exhibited highly stable and active for photo-degradation of p-xylene in the gas phase under radiation of UV–vis light. Perovskite LaFeO3 and Cr–TiO2 thin films were the best photocatalysts with a decomposition yield being reached up to 1.70 gp-xylene/gcat.
Avian influenza in Poland. (2014)

Poland has experienced four episodes of avian influenza (AI) outbreaks over the past two decades. The first epidemic was caused by a low pathogenicity (LPAIV) H7N7 subtype and occurred in fattening and breeder turkeys in 1995. Two waves of H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) took place in 2006 and 2007. In spring 2006, 64 cases of the H5N1 virus were detected, mostly in mute swans. In December 2007, ten outbreaks of H5N1 HPAI were detected in commercial poultry (n = 9) and wild birds kept in captivity (n = 1). The outbreaks in 2006 and 2007 were caused by genetically similar but clearly distinguishable viruses of the 2.2 clade. In 2013, an H9N2 avian influenza virus was detected in 4 fattening turkey holdings. The virus was low pathogenic and a phylogenetic study has shown a close relatedness to the Eurasian lineage of AIV of the wild bird origin. Neither preventive nor prophylactic vaccinations have ever been used in poultry or other birds. Emergency vaccinations using autogenous vaccine were introduced only to control the H7N7 LPAI outbreaks in 1995. The baseline surveillance for AI in live migratory birds and poultry provides a valuable insight into the ecology of AIV at the wild and domestic bird interface. Passive surveillance is in place of early detection of HPAIV infection in dead or moribund birds.
Portable Off-axis Camera for Quantitative Phase Microscopy (2014)

A portable camera system based on holographic elements is demonstrated which can be attached to the camera port of a conventional microscope for complex wavefront analysis. The full-field off-axis holograms provide the whole sample information.
Ultra-Wideband Sampling Down Converter With Sampling Phase Detector (2006)

Ultra-wideband radar is an excellent tool for nondestructive examination of walls and highway structures. Therefore often steep edged narrow pulses with rise-, fall-times in the range of 100 ps are used. For digitizing of the reflected pulses a down conversion has to be accomplished. A new low cost sampling down converter with a sampling phase detector for use in ultra-wideband radar applications is presented.
A control algorithm for 3-stage non-blocking networks (2003)

A pipelined control algorithm for a three-stage nonblocking Clos network is described. The algorithm is readily applicable to many variations of three-stage sparse crossbar networks. To speed up the algorithm a special search memory is used by the network controller to find a path from an input to an output. The setup time of the algorithm matches that of a centrally controlled crossbar network of the same size. The simplicity of the algorithm and the search memory allows a very fast implementation in VLSI, making it feasible to use these network in very fast statistical switching systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Locally optimal trajectory planning for aerial manipulation in constrained environments (2017)

Aerial manipulation tasks necessitate a reliable trajectory planning algorithms to perform complicated tasks. This paper provides a method of developing the locally optimal trajectory for aerial manipulation in constrained environments. We first show differential flatness of the aerial manipulation system when the inertial effect due to equipped robotic arm is compensated with the aid of a robust controller. To find the locally optimal path, we parameterize flat outputs as polynomials of time, and formulate a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) problem. Given a convex mesh representation of environment, we obtain a collision-free trajectory in almost real time, by imposing constraints based on a signed distance metric. We also conduct an experiment of operating an object located in a confined space, which validates effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Combined topical paromomycin and oral miltefosine treatment of mice experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) major leads to reduction in both lesion size and systemic parasite burdens (2009)

The combination of topical paromomycin gel and oral miltefosine provides an enhanced efficacy in the treatment of L. (L.) major-infected mice, thus presenting a significantly higher activity than that observed for the monotherapeutic regimens.
Toward the Potential Scale‐Up of Sn0.9Mn0.1O2‖LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 Li‐Ion Batteries – Powering a Remote‐Controlled Vehicle and Life Cycle Assessment (2022)

Abstract Academic research in the battery field frequently remains limited to small coin or pouch cells, especially for new materials that are still rather far from commercialization, which renders a meaningful evaluation at an early stage of development challenging. Here, the realization of large lab‐scale pouch cells comprising Sn 0.9 Mn 0.1 O 2 (SMO), prepared via an easily scalable hydrothermal synthesis method, as an alternative active material for the negative electrode and LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 (NMC 622 ) as a commercially available active material for the positive electrode is reported. Nine double‐layer pouch cells are connected in series and parallel, suitable for powering a remote‐controlled vehicle. Subsequently, these SMO‖NMC 622 cells are critically evaluated by means of an early‐stage life cycle assessment and compared to graphite‖NMC 622 cells, in order to get first insights into the potential advantages and challenges of such lithium‐ion chemistry.
wo guo qi ye nian jin zhi du de mo shi xuan ze (2007)

企业年金根据基金积累与养老金给付的方式不同,可以分为给付确定型模式和缴费确定型模式.文章在国际企业年金发展趋势的基础上,结合我国当前环境,分析了两种模式在我国应用的可行性,并给出了我国发展企业年金制度的建议.
Media Delivery for Wireless Converged Networks (2009)

Portable devices are becoming increasingly capable of rendering high quality music and videos providing the capability for entertainment on the move. Deploying content onto those devices is often time consuming, requiring significant amounts of user intervention and prone to failure. Streaming systems can potentially offer very large catalogues, but require continuous high speed connectivity. Download and play services (e.g. podcasting) often require devices to be docked together and have catalogues limited to those chosen by the user. This paper recognizes the potential of high speed local area networks in the deployment of content to devices. It gives an overview of a method for automating the initial content transfer and the lifetime management of on-device content in a more coordinated and intelligent way than current systems. Although further work is required to realize these methods, we believe it can provide a number of benefits for both end users and service providers.
A New Control Technique for Improved Active-Neutral-Point-Clamped (I-ANPC) Multilevel Converters Using Logic-Equations Approach (2019)

The per-phase leg of an improved active-neutral-point-clamped (I-ANPC) multilevel converter is realized by the cascaded connection of the standard ANPC topology and the concatenated H-bridge modules consisting of the flying-capacitors (FCs). This article proposes an innovative approach for the active control of the I-ANPC inverters. The introduced methodology is developed on the basis of the logic-equations set for the active voltage balancing of the FCs within the H-bridge modules, and controlling the generated output voltage. It derives logic-variables employing the direction of the output current, and the deviation of the FCs' voltages from their target operating levels in the H-bridge cells. These logic-variables are fed into a set of logic-equations derived for the control of the I-ANPC inverter. The regulation of the floating-capacitor voltages at their reference values along with synthesizing the required pulsewidth modulation voltage-level at the output having fast dynamics are the control objectives to achieve. The derived logic-equations and the proposed control method are explored and verified by the experimentally measured results obtained from the 5-kW prototype of a five-level converter.
<title>Image watermarking scheme to resist generalized geometrical transformations</title> (2001)

Most of the watermarking schemes are based on the additive spread-spectrum method since the embedded watermark can resist more serious content distortion and noises. However, they usually fail to be detected when the image undergoes geometrical modifications, such as cropping, rotation, scaling, or even change of the aspect ratio. In this research, we propose a spatial-frequency composite digital image watermarking scheme to make the embedded watermark survive the generalized geometrical transformations. Two watermarks will be embedded, one in the spatial-domain and the other in the frequency-domain of the image. Both embedding processes are based on the spread-spectrum approach. The frequency-domain watermark contains the desired information that will be carried with the host image. The watermark is embedded in the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) magnitude so that it is not affected by image translation. The spatial-domain watermarking is used to help recover the image to its original orientation and scale so that the hidden information can then be successfully determined. Experimental results show that the embedded watermark survives generalized geometrical or affine transformations.
Experimental Investigation on Radio-on-Fiber Transmission of Full Ultra-Wideband Signal with a Novel Bandpass Filter (2006)

An experimental investigation on full ultra-wideband radio-on-fiber transmission is presented. It is the first time to demonstrate optical modulation, 200-m-long fiber-optic transmission, and photo detection of a full ultra-wideband signal generated by a novel bandpass filter
Scaling Semantic Parsers with On-the-Fly Ontology Matching (2013)

We consider the challenge of learning semantic parsers that scale to large, open-domain problems, such as question answering with Freebase.In such settings, the sentences cover a wide variety of topics and include many phrases whose meaning is difficult to represent in a fixed target ontology.For example, even simple phrases such as 'daughter' and 'number of people living in' cannot be directly represented in Freebase, whose ontology instead encodes facts about gender, parenthood, and population.In this paper, we introduce a new semantic parsing approach that learns to resolve such ontological mismatches.The parser is learned from question-answer pairs, uses a probabilistic CCG to build linguistically motivated logicalform meaning representations, and includes an ontology matching model that adapts the output logical forms for each target ontology.Experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on two benchmark semantic parsing datasets, including a nine point accuracy improvement on a recent Freebase QA corpus.
Inflation, Index-Linked Bonds, and Asset Allocation (1988)

The recent introduction of CPI-linked bonds by several financial institutions is a milestone in the history of the U.S. financial system. It has potentially far-reaching effects on individual and institutional asset allocation decisions because these securities represent the only true long-run hedge against inflation risk. CPI-linked bonds make possible the creation of additional financial innovations that would use them as the asset base. One such innovation that seems likely is inflation-protected retirement annuities. The introduction of index-linked bonds eliminates one of the main obstacles to the indexation of benefits in private pension plans. A firm could hedge the risk associated with a long-term indexed liability by investing in index-linked bonds with the same duration as the indexed liabilities.
An assignment technique for incompletely specified data-paths (2002)

An approach to data-path mapping for designs with a large hardware sharing factor is described that combines flexible user-interaction mechanisms at the architectural level with dedicated optimization techniques for the algorithm to architecture mapping process. Compared to more traditional data-path allocation schemes, an important reduction of the interconnect cost is obtained. This reduction is obtained by applying an effective assignment technique, which forms the main part of this discussion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Refinement of the Microstructure of an Al-Mg<sub>2</sub>Si Hypereutectic Alloy by Intensive Melt Shearing (2013)

Attention has been given to the microstructural refinement by high shear processing of hypereutectic Al-Mg 2 Si alloys as a potential in-situ composite for high-performance structural applications. The results demonstrate that intensive melt shearing promotes the formation of a refined compact polyhedral morphology of primary Mg 2 Si and refines both the eutectic cell size and the lamellar spacing of Al-Mg 2 Si pseudo eutectic structures. The refinement mechanisms are discussed.
Managing secure communications with multilevel security and restricted character set translation (1993)

It has been shown that a source file can be translated using a restricted character set. US Naval message traffic is transmitted with a restricted character set, and the files are optionally compressed. Both character translation and data compression can be used as add-on data encryption. Various schemes of restricted character set translation have been investigated and their implementations on computers are discussed. Translation algorithms that use a restricted character set have been implemented with multilevel security access control using the master key scheme and have been incorporated in a data compression program for military applications. Although the key management scheme discussed is perfectly feasible, it is by no means the single or best possibility. The method used here allows only for the availability of different keys for different links and hosts, but does not differentiate the different functions or activities for which the keys are used. The functions stressed in this study are data compression and character translation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
STEP: Spatio-Temporal Progressive Learning for Video Action Detection (2019)

In this paper, we propose Spatio-TEmporal Progressive (STEP) action detector-a progressive learning framework for spatio-temporal action detection in videos. Starting from a handful of coarse-scale proposal cuboids, our approach progressively refines the proposals towards actions over a few steps. In this way, high-quality proposals (i.e., adhere to action movements) can be gradually obtained at later steps by leveraging the regression outputs from previous steps. At each step, we adaptively extend the proposals in time to incorporate more related temporal context. Compared to the prior work that performs action detection in one run, our progressive learning framework is able to naturally handle the spatial displacement within action tubes and therefore provides a more effective way for spatio-temporal modeling. We extensively evaluate our approach on UCF101 and AVA, and demonstrate superior detection results. Remarkably, we achieve mAP of 75.0% and 18.6% on the two datasets with 3 progressive steps and using respectively only 11 and 34 initial proposals.