gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous Au–Pt nanostructures with enhanced catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction (2012)

Heterogeneous Au-Pt nanostructures have been synthesized using a sacrificial template-based approach. Typically, monodispersed Au nanoparticles are prepared first, followed by Ag coating to form core-shell Au-Ag nanoparticles. Next, the galvanic replacement reaction between Ag shells and an aqueous H(2)PtCl(6) solution, whose chemical reaction can be described as 4Ag + PtCl(6)(2-)→ Pt + 4AgCl + 2Cl(-), is carried out at room temperature. Pure Ag shell is transformed into a shell made of Ag/Pt alloy by galvanic replacement. The AgCl formed simultaneously roughens the surface of alloy Ag-Pt shells, which can be manipulated to create a porous Pt surface for oxygen reduction reaction. Finally, Ag and AgCl are removed from core-shell Au-Ag/Pt nanoparticles using bis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphane dihydrate dipotassium salt to produce heterogeneous Au-Pt nanostructures. The heterogeneous Au-Pt nanostructures have displayed superior catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction in direct methanol fuel cells because of the electronic coupling effect between the inner-placed Au core and the Pt shell.
Superpixel Segmentation With Fully Convolutional Networks (2020)

In computer vision, superpixels have been widely used as an effective way to reduce the number of image primitives for subsequent processing. But only a few attempts have been made to incorporate them into deep neural networks. One main reason is that the standard convolution operation is defined on regular grids and becomes inefficient when applied to superpixels. Inspired by an initialization strategy commonly adopted by traditional superpixel algorithms, we present a novel method that employs a simple fully convolutional network to predict superpixels on a regular image grid. Experimental results on benchmark datasets show that our method achieves state-of-the-art superpixel segmentation performance while running at about 50fps. Based on the predicted superpixels, we further develop a downsampling/upsampling scheme for deep networks with the goal of generating high-resolution outputs for dense prediction tasks. Specifically, we modify a popular network architecture for stereo matching to simultaneously predict superpixels and disparities. We show that improved disparity estimation accuracy can be obtained on public datasets.
Transplantation rénale et hépatique chez les patients atteints de polykystose rénale autosomique récessive (2011)

Former le futur néphrologue à la communication médecin–malade (CMM) a plus d'un objectif : orienter son interrogatoire en vue de poser un diagnostic, bien sûr, mais aussi l'aider à établir une relation durable, à renseigner et à motiver le patient, et le préparer à annoncer une mauvaise nouvelle et à accompagner le malade dans ses choix de fin de vie. La CMM repose sur des stratégies spécifiques et sur les fondements éthiques d'une rencontre humaine dont le succès s'exprime dans le soin. Une CMM efficace offre de nombreux bénéfices pour le patient, mais aussi pour le praticien. Parler de l'insuffisance rénale et de la dialyse, de la transplantation rénale, d'arrêt ou d'abstention thérapeutique : voilà quelques-uns des défis communicationnels qui attendent le futur néphrologue, le plus souvent auprès d'une clientèle qui a besoin d'un suivi à long terme. La CMM fait aussi appel à des habiletés spécifiques en néphrologie pédiatrique, où l'on doit composer tour à tour avec l'enfant, l'adolescent et les parents. Quelles que soient les aptitudes personnelles du futur néphrologue, la CMM est une compétence qui peut s'apprendre et s'améliorer, pour le bénéfice des patients, et pour celui du médecin.Training the nephrologist-to-be to physician–patient communication (PPC) has several objectives: to guide his/her history taking in order to make a diagnosis, of course, but also to help him/her establish a long-lasting relationship, inform and motivate the patient, and prepare him/her to break bad news and to deal with end-of-life issues. PPC rests on specific strategies and on the ethical grounds of a human encounter, the success of which expresses itself in care. An effective PPC offers many benefits to the patient, but also to the clinician. Talking about renal failure and dialysis, about kidney transplantation, and about withdrawing or not starting therapy: these are a few of the communicational challenges awaiting the nephrologist in training, mostly with patients requiring long-term follow-up. PPC also requires specific skills in the field of pediatric nephrology, where one deals alternately with children, adolescents and parents. Whatever the personal abilities of the nephrologist-to-be, PPC is a competency that can be learned and improved, for the benefit of the patient, and also of the physician.
An active film-coating approach to enhance chemical stability of a potent drug molecule (2010)

Peliglitazar, a PPAR α/γ agonist, was found to undergo acid as well as base catalyzed degradation. The acid catalyzed degradation led to the formation of benzylic alcohol and glycine carbamate and the base catalyzed degradation led to formation of p-hydroxyanisole and an amine degradant. In capsule formulations, the capsules with the lowest drug-loading exhibited maximum instability even at 25 °C/60% RH storage condition. Incorporation of pH-modifiers to maintain 'micro-environmental pH' acidic did not prevent the formation of the base-catalyzed degradants. Traditional dry granulated tablet formulation which is qualitatively similar to the capsule formulations showed the presence of acid-catalyzed degradants even without the presence of an acidifying agent. On the other hand, traditional wet granulated tablet formulation showed mainly base-catalyzed degradants. Stability problems of the tablet formulation were aggravated because the potent molecule required low tablet strengths which resulted in low drug to excipient ratio. To stabilize the molecule, an active film-coating approach was explored. In this approach, the drug was sprayed with the coating material onto non-active containing tablet cores. This approach of trapping the drug particles into the coating material provided tablets with satisfactory chemical stability. The stability enhancement observed in the active coating approach is attributed to the higher drug to excipient ratio in the film coat of non-reactive coating material compared to that in the traditional dry or wet granulated formulations.
Comparison of the Dynamic Response of a Complex Plastic Model with Its Prototype (1968)

Experimental vibration characteristics of twin turbine-generator sets installed on a common bedplate (prototype system) were studied in the laboratory using a scale plastic model. Treating the major components of the machinery arrangement as rigid bodies, acceleration readings were recorded at many locations on the model and prototype while driving the system simultaneously with known sinusoidal forces. Symmetrical and antisymmetrical modes were separated by using two electrodynamic shakers at symmetrical locations. By comparing the response of the model and prototype, a detailed mode-shape comparison was established for the first nine major flexing modes. The results show that the natural frequencies and mode shapes of heavy machinery can be determined quite accurately from scaled plastic models.
A Convenient Plant-Based Detection System to Monitor Androgenic Compound in the Environment (2019)

Environmental androgen analogues act as endocrine disruptors, which inhibit the normal function of androgen in animals. In the present work, through the expression of a chimeric gene specified for the production of the anthocyanin in response to androgen DHT (dihydrotestosterone), we generated an indicator <i>Arabidopsis</i> that displays a red color in leaves in the presence of androgen compounds. This construct consists of a ligand-binding domain of the human androgen receptor gene and the poplar transcription factor gene <i>PtrMYB119</i>, which is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar and <i>Arabidopsis</i>. The transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> XVA-<i>PtrMYB119</i> displayed a red color in leaves in response to 10 ppm DHT, whereas it did not react in the presence of other androgenic compounds. The transcript level of <i>PtrMYB119</i> peaked at day 13 of DHT exposure on agar media and then declined to its normal level at day 15. Expressions of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes including chalcone flavanone isomerase, chalcone synthase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, UFGT (UGT78D2), and anthocyanidin synthase were similar to that of <i>PtrMYB119</i>. It is assumed that this transgenic plant can be used by nonscientists for the detection of androgen DHT in the environment and samples such as food solution without any experimental procedures.
Ultrastructural Histochemistry of Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) Gametes Before and After Fertilization (1993)

The gametes of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis were studied, both before and after fertilization, using several histochemical methods at the ultrastructural level. Results showed that the oocyte jelly coat (JC) could be morphologically differentiated into a fibrillar network of acidic polysaccharides, probably containing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and a loose component made of neutral polysaccharides that occupies the interstices of the former. Results also suggested that it is the fibrillar component of the JC to which the spermatozoon attaches and reacts. Staining of the acrosomal vesicle contents confirmed that the peripheral dense component attaches the spermatozoon to the JC, whereas the central and apical electron-lucent component coats the acrosomal process as it extends through the oocyte investments. The acrosomal process membrane was also shown to be negatively charged. Staining of cortical vesicles confirmed their tripartite compartmentalization: the spiral lamellae fused with the fertilization envelope (FE), transferring its staining to the inner layer of the FE, whereas the matrix could be subdivided into two components--a fibrillar mesh of acidic polysaccharides that fused with the FE and some amorphous aggregates that seem to become dispersed in the perivitelline space.
Modeling of photovoltaic based power stations for reliability studies using Markov chains (2013)

This paper presents a methodology for modeling photovoltaic based power stations using state duration sampling technique and Monte Carlo Simulation. To consider the stochastic variations of the output power, a multi-state model is proposed to simulate system behavior. Transition of states is achieved employing Markov Chain rules. The developed model is suitable for simulating the power production of stand-alone or grid connected photovoltaic based power and can easily be integrated with the two state models of conventional generators. The proposed model has been implemented to simulate an existing real life station located in Egypt and has been integrated with the reliability model of the unified network of Egypt to calculate system reliability indices. The results obtained are presented and discussed.
Pharmacokinetics of Ginkgolide B after Oral Administration of Three Different Ginkgolide B Formulations in Beagle Dogs (2015)

Ginkgolide B (GB), an important active constituent of Ginkgo biloba extract, has been used in clinical applications for the treatment of dementia, cerebral insufficiency or related cognitive decline. To investigate the main pharmacokinetic characteristics of three different GB formulations in beagle dogs, a simple, specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was established and validated. The separation of the analytes was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (1.8 μm, 2.1×50 mm) with a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile. The flow rate was set at 0.4 mL/min. Quantitation was performed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ion mode, with the transitions at m/z (Q1/Q3) 423.1/367.1 for GB and m/z 269.3/170.0 for IS. The linear calibration curve of GB was obtained over the concentration range of 2-200 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were <15% and the accuracies were within ±12.7%. The validated method was applied to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of GB in healthy beagle dogs after oral administration of three formulations (HME08, GB capsule prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology; LL06, GB pellet prepared by liquid layer technology; conventional GB tablet). The Cmax values of GB from different formulations in beagle dog plasma were 309.2, 192.4 and 66.6 µg/L, and the AUC values were 606.7, 419.1 and 236.2 µg/L·h, respectively. The data suggested that the exposure level of GB from HME08 and LL06 in beagle dog plasma was greatly improved compared with conventional tablets. This study should be helpful for the design and development of oral GB preparations.
ENF Signal Induced by Power Grid (2014)

Multiple videos capturing the same scene from possibly different viewing angles may be synthesized for novel immersive experience. Synchronization is an important task for such applications involving multiple pieces of audio-visual data. In this work, we exploit the electric network frequency (ENF) signal inherently embedded in the soundtrack and/or image sequence of video to temporally align video recordings. ENF is the supply frequency of power distribution networks in a power grid. Its value fluctuates slightly from its nominal value of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and the fluctuation trends stay consistent within the same grid. Audio and video recordings that are created in areas of electric activities may capture the ENF signal due to electromagnetic interferences and other physical phenomena. We propose to synchronize video recordings by aligning the embedded ENF signals. Without major constraints on viewing angle and camera calibration as many existing methods impose, the proposed approach emerges as a new synchronization modality.
Hybrid Data Processing Research Facility. (1984)

Abstract : The equipment purchased on AFOSR-83-0357 for a hybrid data processing facility is detailed. Item 1 is a DeAnza image processor. It provides various simple processing functions. For our facility, it is used primarily as a real-time data display of image information (at present). This is a vital for four AFOSR etc. image processing research. Items 2 and 3 are a printer and tape unit for our dedicated VAx processor. They are essential computer peripherals. Items 4 and 7 are associated system software items. Items 5 and 9 are terminals for our VAX. Item 5 are monitors for the image processor in Item 1. Item 10 allows multiple users on our VAX. Item 11 is a stand-alone real-time image processor we plan to develop. Item 12 are miscellaneous items for our computer system and Item 8 is a printer for text processing. These equipment items total over $96,000. The excess over the $96,000 budget and associated other equipment and shipping charges are detailed in the C-MU account and comprise C-MU cost sharing. These include small parts, shipping, terminals and miscellaneous cables, etc.
140 Gbit/s Coherent Optical Transmission over 150 km with a 10 Gsymbol/s Polarization-Multiplexed 128 QAM Signal (2010)

We demonstrate a 140 Gbit/s coherent optical transmission over 150 km with a polarization-multiplexed 10 Gsymbol/s, 128 QAM format in a 20 GHz bandwidth. Error-free 120 Gbit/s-150 km transmission is also realized with 64 QAM.
Biocatalytic Process for (−)‐Ambrox Production Using Squalene Hopene Cyclase (2018)

Abstract Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Squalene Hopene Cyclase was evolved to a biocatalyst suitable for (−)‐Ambrox production at industrial scale. One round of random mutagenesis led to the identification of three variants with ( E , E )‐homofarnesol conversion properties improved about 1.5‐ to 10‐fold over that of the wild type enzyme. Eight distinct amino acid mutations were identified overall; only one mutation was at the active site of the enzyme. Each of the three variants contained only two or three mutations over the 631 amino acids of the Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Squalene Hopene Cyclase polypeptide chain. Mutations responsible for improved ( E , E )‐homofarnesol conversion were identified. Investigations on reaction conditions led to the selection of one variant, with which reaction parameters were optimized towards process‐relevant conditions. A whole cell biotransformation process is presented in which Escherichia coli cells producing an improved Squalene Hopene Cyclase variant allows the conversion of 125 g/L ( E , E )‐homofarnesol in ≤72 hours. The developed process for the production of the fragrance ingredient (−)‐Ambrox as Ambrofix® expands the biocatalysis toolbox by setting out a general basis for biocatalytic Squalene Hopene Cyclase cyclization reactions at industrial scale. magnified image
A benchmarking of pipelines for detecting ncRNAs from RNA-Seq data (2019)

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a high-throughput technology widely applied to genome sequencing and transcriptome profiling. RNA-Seq uses NGS to reveal RNA identities and quantities in a given sample. However, it produces a huge amount of raw data that need to be preprocessed with fast and effective computational methods. RNA-Seq can look at different populations of RNAs, including ncRNAs. Indeed, in the last few years, several ncRNAs pipelines have been developed for ncRNAs analysis from RNA-Seq experiments. In this paper, we analyze eight recent pipelines (iSmaRT, iSRAP, miARma-Seq, Oasis 2, SPORTS1.0, sRNAnalyzer, sRNApipe, sRNA workbench) which allows the analysis not only of single specific classes of ncRNAs but also of more than one ncRNA classes. Our systematic performance evaluation aims at guiding users to select the appropriate pipeline for processing each ncRNA class, focusing on three key points: (i) accuracy in ncRNAs identification, (ii) accuracy in read count estimation and (iii) deployment and ease of use.
Predicted Functional Implications of Phosphorylation of Regulator of G Protein Signaling Protein in Plants (2017)

Heterotrimeric G proteins function in development, biotic, and abiotic stress responses, hormone signaling as well as sugar sensing. We previously proposed that discrimination of these various external signals in the G protein pathway is accomplished in plants by membrane-localized receptor-like kinases (RLKs) rather than G-protein-coupled receptors. <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Regulator of G Signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1) modulates G protein activation and is phosphorylated by several RLKs and by WITH-NO-LYSINE kinases (WNKs). Here, a combination of <i>in vitro</i> kinase assays, mass spectrometry, and computational bioinformatics identified and functionally prioritized phosphorylation sites in AtRGS1. Phosphosites for two more RLKs (BRL3 and PEPR1) were identified and added to the AtRGS1 phosphorylation profile. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that RLKs and WNK kinases phosphorylate plant RGS proteins within regions that are conserved across eukaryotes and at a high frequency. Four phospho-sites among 14 identified are proximal to equivalent mammalian phosphosites that impact RGS function, including: pS437 and pT267 in GmRGS2, and pS339 and pS436 in AtRGS1. Based on these analyses, we propose that pS437 and pS436 regulate GmRGS2 and AtRGS1 protein interactions and/or localization, whereas pT267 is important for modulation of GmRGS2 GAP activity and localization. Moreover, pS339 most likely affects AtRGS1 activation.
NINA : Neurometrics Indicators for ATM (2013)

http://www.sesarinnovationdays.eu/files/2013/Posters/SID%202013%20poster%20NINA.pdf
TEM-28 from an Escherichia coli clinical isolate is a member of the His-164 family of TEM-1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (1996)

TEM-28 (pI 6.1), expressed by an Escherichia coli clinical isolate, is a novel beta-lactamase which hydrolyzed ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and aztreonam with rates of 25, 1.1, and 5.6, respectively, relative to that for benzylpenicillin (100). The nucleotide sequence of blaTEM-28 differed from that of blaTEM-1 by two base changes, resulting in amino acid substitutions of Arg-164 to His and Glu-240 to Lys.
Measurement optimization in speckle interferometry: the influence of the imaging lens aperture (1997)

Speckle interferometry has long proven its usefulness for measuring the deformation and contours of objects with rough surfaces. Nevertheless, the influence of a parameter as important as the lens aperture of the imaging system on the result of the measurement is still not precisely known. Generally, it is stated that the speckles must be resolved by the camera and that therefore the lens aperture number should be large enough (e.g., f /11 or f /16 for typical applications with a standard CCD). It is shown, theoretically as well as experimentally, that it is not necessary to resolve the speckles when making measurements in speckle interferometry. The joint probability distribution of the pixel modulation and the pixel background intensity, which determines the percentage of valid pixels, is investigated for different lens aperture numbers, i.e., for different numbers of speckles per pixel. The comparison between theory and the experimental counterpart enables a number of speckles per pixel to be determined for any given aperture number and pixel size. It appears that the average pixel modulation remains high enough even with a relatively large number of speckles per pixel. The results lead to the conclusion that, especially when the total camera noise is low enough, lens apertures up to f /2 can be used. Thus, measurements are less constrained by limited laser power and decorrelation effects.
Genetic pleiotropy of ERCC6 loss‐of‐function and deleterious missense variants links retinal dystrophy, arrhythmia, and immunodeficiency in diverse ancestries (2021)

Biobanks with exomes linked to electronic health records (EHRs) enable the study of genetic pleiotropy between rare variants and seemingly disparate diseases. We performed robust clinical phenotyping of rare, putatively deleterious variants (loss-of-function [LoF] and deleterious missense variants) in ERCC6, a gene implicated in inherited retinal disease. We analyzed 213,084 exomes, along with a targeted set of retinal, cardiac, and immune phenotypes from two large-scale EHR-linked biobanks. In the primary analysis, a burden of deleterious variants in ERCC6 was strongly associated with (1) retinal disorders; (2) cardiac and electrocardiogram perturbations; and (3) immunodeficiency and decreased immunoglobulin levels. Meta-analysis of results from the BioMe Biobank and UK Biobank showed a significant association of deleterious ERCC6 burden with retinal dystrophy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-4.6; p = 8.7 × 10<sup>-4</sup> ), atypical atrial flutter (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.9-6.5; p = 6.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup> ), arrhythmia (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-2.0; p = 2.7 × 10<sup>-3</sup> ), and lymphocyte immunodeficiency (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.1-6.8; p = 5.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup> ). Carriers of ERCC6 LoF variants who lacked a diagnosis of these conditions exhibited increased symptoms, indicating underdiagnosis. These results reveal a unique genetic link among retinal, cardiac, and immune disorders and underscore the value of EHR-linked biobanks in assessing the full clinical profile of carriers of rare variants.
Sharing electronic medical records across multiple heterogeneous and competing institutions. (1996)

Most early reports of implemented World-Wide Web (W3) medical record systems describe single institution architectures. We describe W3-EMRS, a multi-institutional architecture, and its implementation. Thorny problems in data sharing underlined by the W3-EMRS project are reviewed.