gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wide-area Software-defined Storage (2018)

The proliferation of commodity cloud services helps developers build wide-area "system-of-systems" applications by harnessing cloud storage, CDNs, and public datasets as reusable building blocks. But to do so, developers must contend with two long-term challenges. First, whenever developers change storage providers, they must work to preserve the application's expected storage semantics, i.e. the rules governing how the application expects the storage provider to handle its reads and writes. Today, changing storage providers is costly, because developers need to patch the application to make it compatible with the new provider's data consistency model, access controls, replica placement strategies, and so on. At the same time, users have certain expectations about how their data will be used, which the application must meet. For example, depending on the application, users may expect that their data will be kept private from other users, that their data will be exportable to other applications, that accesses to their data will be logged in an auditable way, and so on. In the limit, each user's expectations represent an implicit policy constraining how their data can be stored. Honoring these policies is difficult for developers who rely on third-party storage providers because the storage provider is often unaware of them. This thesis addresses these challenges with a new wide-area storage paradigm, called "software-defined storage" (SDS), that runs in-between applications and cloud services. SDS-enabled applications do not host data, but instead let users bring their preferred cloud services to the application. By taking a user-centric approach to hosting data, users are empowered to programmatically specify their policies independent of their applications and select services that will honor them. To support this approach and to tolerate service provider changes, SDS empowers developers to programmatically specify their application's storage semantics independent of storage providers. This thesis presents the design principles for SDS, and validates their real-world applicability with two SDS implementations and several non-trivial applications built on top of them. Most of these applications are used in production today. This thesis presents microbenchmarks of the SDS implementations and uses real-world experiences to show how to make the most of SDS.
Programm und Angebot der Einrichtungen der deutschen Support Structure in Deutschland und China (2000)

Wie wir gesehen haben, zwingen ein schärferer Wettbewerb und sich verändernde Märkte mehr und mehr Unternehmen dazu, althergebrachte Grundsätze und Leitbilder aufzugeben. In Kapitel 1 wurde dargelegt, daß der Geschäftserfolg im Ausland Ergebnis einer strategisch geplanten und umgesetzten Internationalisierung ist, die einer simultanen innerbetrieblichen Umsetzung bedarf Die Qualität des Produktes setzt sich in dieser Perspektive aus dem Zusammenspiel der Beschaffung von Rohmaterialien, der Produktentwicklung, der Produktion sowie des Vertriebes und des Marketings zusammen und wird zusätzlich von der Qualität der Zusammenarbeit des Humankapitals bestimmt. Zur Umsetzung einer Internationalisierungsstrategie bedarf es daher einer umfassenden Leitphilosophie und einer Prozeßsteuerung, wie sie beispielsweise in Ansätzen wie dem Total Quality Management (TQM) propagiert wird.
Comparison of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns in Patients With Intradialytic Hypertension and Hemodialysis Controls (2016)

Interdialytic BP patterns differ in IH patients and hemodialysis controls. The elevated post dialysis blood pressure persists for many hours in IH patients contributing to the overall increased BP burden.
NUOVI STRUMENTI DIAGNOSTICI E NUOVE PROSPETTIVE PER LA SALUTE DELL’OSSO (2018)

NUOVI STRUMENTI DIAGNOSTICI E NUOVE PROSPETTIVE PER LA SALUTE DELL’OSSO&#13;\nSebbene l'osso trabecolare rappresenti solo il 20% dello scheletro, la resistenza dell’osso è fortemente influenzata, oltre che dalla densità, anche dalla micro-architettura della struttura trabecolare.&#13;\nUn metodo diagnostico innovativo di recente introduzione, BESTEST®, mediante il BSI (Bone Structure Index) misura la risposta elastica alle sollecitazioni da parte della struttura ossea, ricavata da simulazioni di carico condotte con metodi ingegneristici su una biopsia virtuale del paziente, ottenuta da radiogrammi planari dell'epifisi prossimale della mano. I risultati dell’esame sono espressi in termini statistici, BSI_T-score e BSI_Z-score, di significato analogo ma non correlati a quelli utilizzati in densitometria. &#13;\nÈ ben noto che i regolatori ipofisari, gli inibitori dell'aromatasi e il tamoxifene nelle donne in pre-menopausa e i chemioterapici hanno tutti un impatto negativo sulla salute delle ossa poiché, bloccando l'attività degli estrogeni o degli androgeni, aumentano il turnover osseo portando ad un rischio crescente di fratture. L'incidenza globale del rischio di fratture nei pazienti in trattamento ormonale per carcinoma mammario varia dall'1,37% all'11%.&#13;\nIn questo lavoro, vengono discussi i risultati preliminari ottenuti nella valutazione del BSI_T-score in 100 pazienti di sesso femminile sottoposte a trattamento per carcinoma del seno.&#13;\nI risultati dimostrano che la micro-architettura ossea è effettivamente influenzata dal trattamento oncologico e che il BESTEST® può fornire un prezioso aiuto alla densitometria nella valutazione di queste alterazioni, specialmente quando associate a fratture.&#13;\nQuesto studio preliminare fornisce inoltre una base razionale per ulteriori e più approfondite indagini sull'uso di questa nuova tecnica, rapida e sicura, per monitorare l'effetto delle terapie contro il cancro della mammella sulle alterazioni della micro-architettura ossea.
Detection and control of charge states in a quintuple quantum dot (2016)

A semiconductor quintuple quantum dot with two charge sensors and an additional contact to the center dot from an electron reservoir is fabricated to demonstrate the concept of scalable architecture. This design enables formation of the five dots as confirmed by measurements of the charge states of the three nearest dots to the respective charge sensor. The gate performance of the measured stability diagram is well reproduced by a capacitance model. These results provide an important step towards realizing controllable large scale multiple quantum dot systems.
Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice augments the capacity for interleukin 3 (IL-3) and IL-9 production and concurrently enlarges progenitor pools for mast cells and granulocytes-macrophages (1996)

Mast cells and granulocytes-macrophages (GM) are components of the host defense system against worm infections, including schistosomiasis. Here we report the kinetics of changes in the number of colony-forming cells (CFC) for mast cells and GM during the course of a primary experimental infection of mice with Schistosoma mansoni cercariae over a period of 24 weeks postinfection (p.i.). Concurrently, we measured known myelopoietic and/or mast cell-stimulating cytokines (i.e., interleukin 3 [IL-3] and IL-9) in pokeweed mitogen-activated spleen cell-conditioned medium. Our results show that during the acute phase of the hepatic granulomatous reaction, the numbers of both mast-CFC and GM-CFC were significantly elevated in bone marrow. However, while femoral GM-CFC numbers had returned to normal control values at week 16 p.i., femoral and splenic mast-CFC numbers remained significantly elevated until week 20 p.i., which corresponds to the chronic fibrotic phase of hepatic granulomatous inflammation. Increased GM-CFC numbers correlated with elevated IL-3 levels, while increased mast-CFC numbers paralleled the increased IL-9 concentrations in spleen cell-conditioned medium. By the reverse transcription-PCR method, enhanced expression of IL-3 and IL-9 transcripts was found in RNA samples obtained from livers and spleens of infected mice. Our data demonstrate that during the course of infection of mice with S. mansoni, the coordinate need for mast cells and GM is at least partly regulated at the stage of progenitor cell commitment in the bone marrow and spleen. It appears that IL-3 and IL-9 help to promote at this stage the ultimate generation of mature effector cells.
A combination of Botulinum Toxin A therapy and Functional Electrical Stimulation in children with cerebral palsy – A pilot study (2012)

This pilot study demonstrated that it is feasible to combine BTXA therapy with FES in ambulant children with spastic CP.
Self-Accelerated Thermal Dissolution Model for Reset Programming in Unipolar Resistive-Switching Memory (RRAM) Devices (2009)

This paper addresses the numerical modeling of reset programming in NiO-based resistive-switching memory. In our model, we simulate electrical conduction and heating in the conductive filament (CF), which controls the resistance of the low resistive (or set) state, accounting for CF thermal-activated dissolution. Employing CF electrical and thermal parameters, which were previously characterized on our NiO-based samples, our calculations are shown to match experimental reset and retention characteristics. Simulations show that reset transition is self-accelerated as a consequence of a positive feedback between the thermal dissolution of the CF and local Joule heating in the CF bottleneck, which can account for the abrupt resistance transition in experimental data. Finally, the model is used to investigate the reduction of the reset current, which is needed for device application.
Analysis of Implicit Uncertain Systems. Part 1: Theoretical Framework (1994)

This paper introduces a general and powerful framework for the analysis of uncertain systems, encompassing linear fractional transformations, the behavioral approach for system theory and the integral quadratic constraint formulation. In this approach, a system is defined by implicit equations, and the central analysis question is to test for solutions of these equations. In Part I, the general properties of this formulation are developed, and computable necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for a robust performance problem posed in this framework.
A general-purpose CMOS vision chip with a processor-per-pixel SIMD array (2001)

The paper discusses the architecture and implementation of a new SIMD focal-plane processor array integrated circuit. The chip employs switched-current “analogue microprocessors ” as processing nodes in a digital-like massively parallel computer architecture. Using analogue processing elements allows the achievement of real-time image processing speeds with high efficiency in terms of silicon area and power dissipation. The prototype 21×21 SCAMP vision chip is fabricated in a 0.6µm CMOS technology and achieves a cell size of 98.6µm×98.6µm. The approach is compared with state-of-the-art vision chips build using digital SIMD arrays and CNN-based processors. Experimental results are presented. 1.
A High-Voltage Compliance, 32-Channel Digitally Interfaced Neuromodulation System on Chip (2021)

This article presents the integration of a 32-channel neuromodulation system on chip (SoC) that is developed for chronic implantation in humans. The application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) offers low-noise recording, a state-of-the-art (SotA) neurostimulator capable of both current- and voltage-controlled stimulation with high-voltage compliance, on-chip 16-bit data digitization as well as safety features such as electrode impedance estimation and charge balancing. The chip communicates through two distinct SPI interfaces for independent command and data transfer. Thus, the developed system constitutes a fully digital, bidirectional 32-channel interface to the brain.
An Efficient Large-Scale Synthesis of Methyl 5-[2-(2,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-hydroxybenzoate (1997)

Methyl 5-[2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-hydroxybenzoate (1) is a new chemical entity designed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation for the treatment of hyperproliferative and inflammatory disorders and cancer. Development of a prototype adequate process for its preparation is described. The finalized process was six steps in length and started with the commercially available compounds 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehhyde and 5-formylsalicylic acid. The methyl ester of 5-formylsalicylic acid was condensed with dimethyl [(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]phosphonate, prepared from 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde in three steps, to afford methyl 5-[2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-hydroxy-(E)-benzoate. Without purification, this intermediate was hydrogenated using 10% Pd/C at 40 °C to afford 1, in >99.5% purity after recrystallization from absolute ethanol. The process research into the Horner−Wadsworth−Emmons-type olefination and a bromination reaction are also discussed; improvements in these transformations permitted elimination of column chromatography.
Receptor‐type tyrosine phosphatase ligands: looking for the needle in the haystack (2012)

Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in intercellular communication. Together with protein tyrosine kinases, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are involved in the regulation of key cellular processes by controlling the phosphorylation levels of diverse effectors. Among PTPs, receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are involved in important developmental processes, particularly in the formation of the nervous system. Until recently, few ligands had been identified for RPTPs, making it difficult to grasp the effects these receptors have on cellular processes, as well as the mechanisms through which their functions are mediated. However, several potential RPTP ligands have now been identified to provide us with unparalleled insights into RPTP function. In this review, we focus on the nature and biological outcomes of these extracellular interactions between RPTPs and their associated ligands.
Stereo vision-based repair of metallic components (2017)

Purpose This paper aims to investigate a stereo vision-based hybrid (additive and subtractive) manufacturing process using direct laser metal deposition, computer numerical control (CNC) machining and in-process scanning to repair metallic components automatically. The focus of this work was to realize automated alignment and adaptive tool path generation that can repair metallic components after a single setup. Design/methodology/approach Stereo vision was used to detect the defect area for automated alignment. After the defect is located, a laser displacement sensor is used to scan the defect area before and after laser metal deposition. The scan is then processed by an adaptive algorithm to generate a tool path for repairing the defect. Findings The hybrid manufacturing processes for repairing metallic component combine the advantages of free-form fabrication from additive manufacturing with the high-accuracy offered by CNC machining. A Ti-6Al-4V component with a manufacturing defect was repaired by the proposed process. Compared to previous research on repairing worn components, introducing stereo vision and laser scanning dramatically simplifies the manual labor required to extract and reconstruct the defect area’s geometry. Originality/value This paper demonstrates an automated metallic component repair process by integrating stereo vision and a laser displacement sensor into a hybrid manufacturing system. Experimental results and microstructure analysis shows that the defect area could be repaired feasibly and efficiently with acceptable heat affected zone using the proposed approach.
TMIC-19. USING QUANTITATIVE MR IMAGING TO RELATE GBM MASS EFFECT TO PERFUSION AND DIFFUSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TUMOR MICRO-ENVIRONMENT (2018)

Biomechanical forces are known to affect tumor growth and evolution [1]. Likewise, tumor growth drives physical changes in the micro-environment that affect tissue solid and fluid mechanics. Tumor mass effect, resulting from rapid tumor cell proliferation, has been shown to be prognostic for poor outcome in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and to be associated with the expression of gene signatures consistent with proliferative growth phenotype [2]. Similarly, elevated interstitial fluid flow (IFF) has been shown to drive GBM invasion [3]. This study investigates the relationship between tumor mass effect, diffusion, perfusion and IFF in GBM using anatomical (pre- and post-contrast T1 weighted, T2/FLAIR) and quantitative MR imaging (Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI, and Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI)). We use data from 39 patients from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project (Ivy GAP)[4] which provides matched imaging, ISH, RNA, gene expression and clinical data over the course of treatment. We analyze pre-operative anatomic imaging data to determine the tumor-induced mass effect in each patient using quantitative measures such as ‘Lateral ventricle displacement’ [2]. Perfusion and diffusion measures are derived from pre-operative DCE and DWI imaging. Additionally, we estimate IFF velocities in the tumor region using DCE imaging data in combination with a computational model of fluid flow [5]. We will report the results of quantitative imaging analysis in relation to tumor mass effect and examine correlations with biological tumor characteristics and treatment outcome. We further investigate our findings in patient-derived xenograft models of GBM. References: [1] R.K. Jain et al. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 2014, 16, 321–346. [2] T.C. Steed et al. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8, 2827. [3] K.M. Kingsmore et al. Integr. Biol., 2016, 8 1246-1260 [4] N. Shah et al. Data from Ivy GAP. The Cancer Imaging Archive 2016. [5] K.M. Kingsmore et al. APL Bioengineering (In press).
Thermal degradation of PVC in the presence of polystyrene (2001)

Abstract The thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and blends of PVC with polystyrene has been studied using thermogravimetric analysis coupled to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The degradation of PVC commences at weak links by an ionic pathway, but there is evidence to suggest the presence of a radical pathway at high temperatures. While there is some chemical interaction between PVC and polystyrene, the principal mode of stabilization is a physical process.
Algorithms for Multiplex Scheduling of Object-Based Audio–Visual Presentations (2004)

Object-based representation of audio-visual (AV) presentations provides a flexible scheme to create interactive content that lends itself to resource-driven adaptation. The content adaptation needs of mobile devices can be met well with the use of object-based AV presentations. The main distinguishing feature of object-based AV presentations is the scene composition at the user terminal. In this paper, we discuss the problem of scheduling the delivery of object-based AV presentations under resource constraints. We explore the similarities with the problem of job sequencing on a single machine. We present a family of algorithms to determine the schedulability of AV presentations, and for unschedulable presentations, we present algorithms to compute a schedule that minimizes the additionally acquired resources. We present algorithms for computing incremental schedules for applications such as content authoring that require immediate feedback on resource consumption. The algorithms can be used to schedule object-based MPEG-4 presentations. We discuss the algorithms and results by considering a relatively complex MPEG-4 presentation with 16 objects, including audio, video, and images.
Cold gas micro propulsion (2009)

In this chapter the requirements for a cold gas micro propulsion system are specified. These specifications are based on a mission projected to do formation flying of two micro satellites, i.e. the distance between the satellites is accurately controlled. Based on these mission requirements some design guidelines are derived for a thruster and feeding system.
Single-site photocatalytic solids for the decomposition of undesirable molecules (2006)

Photocatalytic solids, in which the absorption occurs at isolated, spatially well-separated centres, are particularly useful catalysts for effecting reactions that are of prime importance in both remedial and preparative contexts. These are qualities that they share with single-site (thermally-activated) heterogeneous catalysts; but they have the added advantage of being more readily probed during the actual processes of catalytic turnover, since they generally function under ambient conditions, unlike most conventional solid catalysts which usually operate at elevated pressures and temperatures. Thus, they are amenable to investigation by (in situ) X-ray absorption (XAFS), FT-IR, UV-Vis, and EPR spectroscopic studies as well as to photoluminescence measurement. This affords greater insight into the mechanisms of the photocatalytic reactions as we illustrate in this short review. Open-structure solids such as mesoporous silica and zeolitic aluminosilicates offer a generally applicable strategy to design new single-site photocatalysts such as those described here for the decomposition of NO to N2 and O2 and for the selective oxidation of CO in the presence of H2.
Analysis of Corn Dust Particle Properties and How Surface Roughness Influences Adhesion (2020)

Highlights Freshly harvested, higher quality corn samples have a higher proportion of small dust particles with a lower circularity and aspect ratio compared to older, lower quality samples. For freshly harvested grain, dust particles removed at low centrifuge speed were significantly rougher than particles removed at high speed. Lower quality corn did not show a significant decrease in particle roughness for strongly attached dust. The surface area decreased while the surface energy increased with the attachment strength of dust particles. Abstract . High dust concentrations associated with grain handling can cause serious problems, including health and safety risks from dust inhalation and increased risk of explosions due to contained suspended dust in the presence of an ignition source. The amount of dust generated during grain handling is influenced by several factors, including the adhesion strength of dust to the grain. One factor that could influence the adhesion strength of grain dusts is how the dust particles are shaped and how their shape relates to the surface texture of corn. To better understand the properties of dust particles separated from corn samples, dust samples were analyzed for morphology and particle size. In addition, dust samples were separated with different centrifugation speeds to compare the properties of dusts that were strongly or weakly attached to the grain. These samples were observed with a light profilometer to measure their surface roughness characteristics. Results showed that freshly harvested corn samples contained a higher presence of small particles with low circularity than older, lower quality samples. The large particles observed were determined to be starch, as opposed to the smaller particles that were more likely soil or other non-plant-based material. The dust particles that were more strongly attached to corn kernels tended to have lower surface roughness than those that were weakly attached for the freshly harvested grain. Keywords: Dust adhesion, Particle shape, Surface adhesion, Surface roughness.
Accuracy of a mechanical single-electron shuttle (1999)

Motivated by recent experiments, we calculate both the average current and the current fluctuations for a metallic island which oscillates between two symmetric electrodes. Electrons can only tunnel on or off the island when it is close to one of the electrodes. Using a Master equation we investigate the accuracy of such an electron shuttle both analytically and numerically. It is shown that optimum operation is reached when the contact time is much larger than the RC-time.