gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lessons from the Embryonic Neural Stem Cell Niche for Neural Lineage Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells (2012)

Pluripotent stem cells offer an abundant and malleable source for the generation of differentiated cells for transplantation as well as for in vitro screens. Patterning and differentiation protocols have been developed to generate neural progeny from human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells. However, continued refinement is required to enhance efficiency and to prevent the generation of unwanted cell types. We summarize and interpret insights gained from studies of embryonic neuroepithelium. A multitude of factors including soluble molecules, interactions with the extracellular matrix and neighboring cells cooperate to control neural stem cell self-renewal versus differentiation. Applying these findings and concepts to human stem cell systems in vitro may yield more appropriately patterned cell types for biomedical applications.
The prognostic value of serum C-reactive protein, ferritin, and albumin prior to allogeneic transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (2016)

We sought to confirm the prognostic importance of simple clinically available biomarkers of C-reactive protein, serum albumin, and ferritin prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The study population consisted of 784 adults with acute myeloid leukemia in remission or myelodysplastic syndromes undergoing unrelated donor transplant reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. C-reactive protein and ferritin were centrally quantified by ELISA from cryopreserved plasma whereas each center provided pre-transplant albumin. In multivariate analysis, transplant-related mortality was associated with the pre-specified thresholds of C-reactive protein more than 10 mg/L (P=0.008) and albumin less than 3.5 g/dL (P=0.01) but not ferritin more than 2500 ng/mL. Only low albumin independently influenced overall mortality. Optimal thresholds affecting transplant-related mortality were defined as: C-reactive protein more than 3.67 mg/L, log(ferritin), and albumin less than 3.4 g/dL. A 3-level biomarker risk group based on these values separated risks of transplant-related mortality: low risk (reference), intermediate (HR=1.66, P=0.015), and high risk (HR=2.7, P<0.001). One-year survival was 74%, 67% and 56% for low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups. Routinely available pre-transplant biomarkers independently risk-stratify for transplant-related mortality and survival.
Transcriptional regulation of the human CYP46A1 brain‐specific expression by Sp transcription factors (2008)

Brain defective cholesterol homeostasis has been associated with neurologic diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. The elimination of cholesterol from the brain involves its conversion into 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol by CYP46A1, and the efflux of this oxysterol across the blood-brain barrier. Herein, we identified the regulatory elements and factors involved the human CYP46A1 expression. Functional 5'deletion analysis mapped a region spanning from nucleotides -236/-64 that is indispensable for basal expression of this TATA-less gene. Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with mithramycin A resulted in a significant reduction of promoter activity, suggesting a role of Sp family of transcription factors in CYP46A1 regulation. Combination of Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 over-expression studies in Drosophila SL-2 cells, and systematic promoter mutagenesis identified Sp3 and Sp4 binding to four GC-boxes as required and sufficient for high levels of promoter activity. Moreover, Sp3 and Sp4 were demonstrated to be the major components of the protein-DNA complexes observed in primary rat cortical extracts. Our results suggest that the cell-type specific expression of Sp transcription factors - substitution of Sp1 by Sp4 in neurons - is responsible for the basal expression of the CYP46A1 gene. This study delineates for the first time the mechanisms underlying the human CYP46A1 transcription and thereby elucidates potential pathways underlying cholesterol homeostasis in the brain.
Lymphoma with Intraspinal Extramedullary Involvement as Initial Presentation (1998)

Purpose: To review the treatment results of lymphoma with initial presentation of spinal cord or cauda equina compression.
Materials and Methods: Lymphoma with cord or cauda equina compression as initial presentation were seen in 9 patients in our hospital between 1977 to 1996. Among them, six patients presented with stage IE primary spinal epidurl involvement, whereas the others has stage ⅡE, ⅢE and ⅣE disease (1 patient each). Except for one Hodgkin's lymphoma and one lymphosarcoma, all of the other patients were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with unfavorable histologic grading, mostly were the intermediate grade classification according to the Warking Formulation. After decompression surgery, the subsequent treatments of these patients were radiotherapy (2 patients), chemotherapy (1 patient), and combination of both treatment modalities (6 patients).
Results: A prodromal phase of local back pain occurred in all patients, with duration from 1 to 10 months, followed by a second phase of rapidly progressive signs of cord compression. After treatment, 5 patients achieved complete remission: among with, one died of chemotherapy complication, one died of intercurrent disease, one had distant metastasis, and only 2 patients remained disease free. The other 4 patients who got partial remission were all dead of this disease.
Conclusion: Lymphoma with spinal epidural or intradural involvement at initial presentation is an aggressive disease. An intensive treatment combination with irradiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, is suggested in order to achieve good local control and longterm survival.
Nonequilibrium dynamics of arbitrary-range Ising models with decoherence: An exact analytic solution (2013)

The interplay between interactions and decoherence in many-body systems is of fundamental importance in quantum physics. In a step toward understanding this interplay, we obtain an exact analytic solution for the nonequilibrium dynamics of Ising models with arbitrary couplings (and therefore in arbitrary dimension) and subject to local Markovian decoherence. Our solution shows that decoherence significantly degrades the nonclassical correlations developed during coherent Ising spin dynamics, which relax much faster than predicted by treating decoherence and interactions separately. We also show that the competition of decoherence and interactions induces a transition from oscillatory to overdamped dynamics that is absent at the single-particle or mean-field level. These calculations are applicable to ongoing quantum information and emulation efforts using a variety of atomic, molecular, optical, and solid-state systems. In particular, we apply our results to the NIST Penning trapped-ion experiment and show that the current experiment is capable of producing entanglement amongst hundreds of quantum spins.
Cholesterol modulates Orai1 channel function (2016)

STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) and Orai proteins are the essential components of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. We focused on the role of cholesterol in the regulation of STIM1-mediated Orai1 currents. Chemically induced cholesterol depletion enhanced store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and Orai1 currents. Furthermore, cholesterol depletion in mucosal-type mast cells augmented endogenous CRAC currents, which were associated with increased degranulation, a process that requires calcium influx. Single point mutations in the Orai1 amino terminus that would be expected to abolish cholesterol binding enhanced SOCE to a similar extent as did cholesterol depletion. The increase in Orai1 activity in cells expressing these cholesterol-binding-deficient mutants occurred without affecting the amount in the plasma membrane or the coupling of STIM1 to Orai1. We detected cholesterol binding to an Orai1 amino-terminal fragment in vitro and to full-length Orai1 in cells. Thus, our data showed that Orai1 senses the amount of cholesterol in the plasma membrane and that the interaction of Orai1 with cholesterol inhibits its activity, thereby limiting SOCE.
Demonstration of a Discharge Pumped Table-Top Soft-X-Ray Laser (1994)

We report the first observation of large soft-x-ray amplification ($gl=7.2$) in a discharge-created plasma. A fast, \ensuremath{\sim}40 kA, current pulse from a compact discharge was used to excite plasma columns up to 12 cm in length in 4-mm channels, producing population inversion in the $J=0\ensuremath{-}1$ line of Ne-like Ar and resulting in a gain of 0.6 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at 46.9 nm. The beam divergence was measured to be 9 mrad.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Cu‐ and Amine‐Free Sonogashira‐Type Cross‐Coupling in the C‐6‐Alkynylation of Protected 2′‐Deoxyadenosine. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The interaction of heparin with plasma proteins. Demonstration of different binding sites for antithrombin III complexes and antithrombin III. (1980)

Affinity chromatography of plasma and serum with the use of heparin conjugated Sepharose has confirmed the existence of two types of protein binding sites. A minor heparin fraction binds free AT III selectively and firmly but not its protease complexes. The complexes bind less firmly to another, much larger heparin fraction together with a select group of the plasma proteins at physiological pH and ionic strength. These included complement proteins (C1q, C2, factor B, properdin, and beta 1H), protease inhibitors (inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and C3b inactivator) and cell surface proteins (protein HC and fibronectin) as well as beta-lipoproteins. The results demonstrate that affinity chromatography with heparin-Sepharose is extremely useful as an early preparative step in the isolation of these minor plasma components. The results also indicate that the said proteins can be linked to cell surfaces carrying heparinoids in the intercellular space.
Comparison of new and conventional low voltage current mirrors (2003)

A comparison of several architectures of low voltage CMOS current mirrors is presented. The comparison includes: input impedance, output impedance, gain accuracy, frequency response and input and output voltage requirements. Simulations and experimental results of test chips prototypes are shown that are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Characterization of the Binding of Cu(II) and Zn(II) to Transthyretin:  Effects on Amyloid Formation (2007)

Although metal ions can promote amyloid formation from many proteins, their effects on the formation of amyloid from transthyretin have not been previously studied. We therefore screened the effects of Cu(II), Zn(II), Al(III), and Fe(III) on amyloid formation from wild-type (WT) transthyretin as well as its V30M, L55P, and T119M mutants. Cu(II) and Zn(II) promoted amyloid formation from the L55P mutant of transthyretin at pH 6.5 but had little effect on amyloid formation from the other forms of the protein. Zn(II) promoted L55P amyloid formation at pH 7.4 but Cu(II) inhibited it. Cu(II) gave dose-dependent quenching of the tryptophan fluorescence of transthyretin and the fluorescence of 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate bound to it. Zn(II) gave dose-dependent quenching of the tryptophan but not the 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate fluorescence. Apparent dissociation constants for Cu(II) and Zn(II) binding at pH 7.4 of approximately 10 nM and approximately 1 microM (approximately 0.4 microM and approximately 5 microM at pH 6.5), respectively, were obtained from the quenching data. Zn(II) enhanced urea-mediated the dissociation of the L55P but not the WT transthyretin tetramer. Cu(II), depending on its concentration, either had no effect or stabilized the WT tetramer but could enhance urea-mediated dissociation of L55P.
Gas sensing with vertical functionalized InAs nanowire arrays (2010)

Nanowires show great promise for use in next generation (bio-)chemical sensing devices because of their high surface to volume ratio enabling efficient modulation of their current by charges or dipoles present at the surface. Here, we present a gas sensing device based on vertical InAs nanowire arrays grown without metal catalyst particles. The nanowires are contacted ohmically in their as-grown locations using an air bridge construction, leaving the nanowire surface free for gas adsorption. Noise measurements were performed to determine the measurement resolution for gas detection. The bare devices show sensitivity to NO2 concentrations well below 75 ppb at room temperature. We furthermore find that these nanowires can be functionalized with metalloporphyrins resulting in sensitivity to both NO2 and NO concentrations below 75 ppb.
Inhibition of Experimental Deoxyribonucleic Acid Virus-Induced Encephalitis by 9-β- d -Arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5′-Monophosphate (1975)

9-beta-d-Arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate (ara-HxMP) significantly controlled the development of encephalitis produced by deoxyribonucleic acid viruses in mice. In most experiments the activities of ara-HxMP and 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) were determined simultaneously. In the intracerebral (target organ) and intravenous therapy experiments, ara-HxMP had a pronounced advantage over ara-A since the water solubility of ara-HxMP enabled it to be used in much higher concentrations. In experiments where the two drugs were administered intraperitoneally or orally they exhibited similar activity. In several intraperitoneal therapy experiments ara-HxMP was tested alone, using various treatment schedules and dosages. In these experiments, efficacy was observed in groups that had treatments initiated as late as 72 h after virus inoculation.
Noise-Enhanced Human Balance Control (2002)

Noise can enhance the detection and transmission of weak signals in certain nonlinear systems, via a mechanism known as stochastic resonance. Here we show that input noise can be used to improve motor control in humans. Specifically, we show that the postural sway of both young and elderly individuals during quiet standing can be significantly reduced by applying subsensory mechanical noise to the feet. We further demonstrate with input noise a trend towards the reduction of postural sway in elderly subjects to the level of young subjects. These results suggest that noise-based devices, such as randomly vibrating shoe inserts, may enable people to overcome functional difficulties due to age-related sensory loss.
Correction to Tissue-Factor Targeted Peptide Amphiphile Nanofibers as an Injectable Therapy To Control Hemorrhage (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdditions and Correc...Additions and CorrectionsNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Tissue-Factor Targeted Peptide Amphiphile Nanofibers as an Injectable Therapy To Control HemorrhageCourtney E. MorganCourtney E. MorganMore by Courtney E. Morgan, Amanda W. DombrowskiAmanda W. DombrowskiMore by Amanda W. Dombrowski, Charles M. Rubert PeŕezCharles M. Rubert PeŕezMore by Charles M. Rubert Peŕez, Edward S.M. BahnsonEdward S.M. BahnsonMore by Edward S.M. Bahnson, Nick D. TsihlisNick D. TsihlisMore by Nick D. Tsihlis, Wulin JiangWulin JiangMore by Wulin Jiang, Qun JiangQun JiangMore by Qun Jiang, Janet M. VercammenJanet M. VercammenMore by Janet M. Vercammen, Vivek S. PrakashVivek S. PrakashMore by Vivek S. Prakash, Timothy A. PrittsTimothy A. PrittsMore by Timothy A. Pritts, Samuel I. StuppSamuel I. StuppMore by Samuel I. Stupphttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5491-7442, and Melina R. Kibbe*Melina R. KibbeMore by Melina R. KibbeCite this: ACS Nano 2018, 12, 11, 11711Publication Date (Web):October 15, 2018Publication History Received13 September 2018Published online15 October 2018Published inissue 27 November 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.8b07028https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b07028correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1230Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (291 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Amphiphiles,Molecular structure,Nanofibers,Peptides and proteins,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Effects of petrochemical wastes incinerator ash powder instead of Portland cement on the properties of concrete (2017)

Petrochemical wastes incinerator ash is generated from industries in which the landfi ll is the last step for their flowing. This research was performed for waste management of ash and its possible large-scale utilization in making concrete. An experimental investigation carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures in which Portland cement type II was partially replaced with Petrochemical Complex IncineratorAsh Powder (PCIAP). The cement was replaced with various amounts of PCIAP, i.e. 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Tests were performed on the properties of fresh concrete as well as hardened concrete. Compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths, and modulus of elasticity were determined in 7, 28, and 90 days. Test results indicated that by using PCIAP as partial replacement of cement, stabilization, solidi cation, and neutralization treatment processes for the industrial wastes management were carried out, and the testresults of the mixture M-2 (5% PCIAP) indicated that it can be used to make concrete which is lighter than normal concrete and heavier than structural lightweight aggregate concrete.
Sonority rise: Aiding backoff in syllable-based speech synthesis (2016)

Back off techniques are employed in syllable based unit selection speech synthesis systems to maintain the naturalness of the speech in spite of the missing syllables. In synthesizing the missing complex consonant clusters syllables of Telugu, we introduced reduced vowel epenthesis as a rule-based backoff strategy[1]. In this paper, we refine the scope of the approach in selectively applying vowel epenthesis only in cases of sonority rise between adjacent consonants. When the sonority does not rise (stop-stop, liquid-stop clusters), we increase the duration of the consonant. Owing to specific patterns of vowel epenthesis observed in languages, we conduct a subjective evaluation to determine the identity of the epenthetic vowel in Hindi. From the inferences of the listening test, we devise a class based rule to perform epenthesis. Further, to evaluate the performance of the designed system, we perform both subjective as well as an objective evaluation based on confidence measures from an ASR system. We conduct a phone level automatic speech recognition task on the intelligibility of the words synthesized using epenthesis as a cluster-repair strategy. The results show that the proposed back off method helps in producing more natural-sounding speech compared to the conventional backoffs.
The LRP1/CD91 ligands, tissue-type plasminogen activator, α2-macroglobulin, and soluble cellular prion protein have distinct co-receptor requirements for activation of cell-signaling (2022)

LDL Receptor-related Protein-1 (LRP1/CD91) binds diverse ligands, many of which activate cell-signaling. Herein, we compared three LRP1 ligands that inhibit inflammatory responses triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), including: enzymatically-inactive tissue-type plasminogen activator (EI-tPA); activated α<sub>2</sub>-macroglobulin (α<sub>2</sub>M); and S-PrP, a soluble derivative of nonpathogenic cellular prion protein (PrP<sup>C</sup>). In bone marrow-derived macrophages, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor was essential for all three LRP1 ligands to activate cell-signaling and inhibit LPS-induced cytokine expression. Intact lipid rafts also were essential. Only α<sub>2</sub>M absolutely required LRP1. LRP1 decreased the EI-tPA concentration required to activate cell-signaling and antagonize LPS but was not essential, mimicking its role as a S-PrP co-receptor. Membrane-anchored PrP<sup>C</sup> also functioned as a co-receptor for EI-tPA and α<sub>2</sub>M, decreasing the ligand concentration required for cell-signaling and LPS antagonism; however, when the concentration of EI-tPA or α<sub>2</sub>M was sufficiently increased, cell-signaling and LPS antagonism occurred independently of PrP<sup>C</sup>. S-PrP is the only LRP1 ligand in this group that activated cell-signaling independently of membrane-anchored PrP<sup>C</sup>. EI-tPA, α<sub>2</sub>M, and S-PrP inhibited LPS-induced LRP1 shedding from macrophages, a process that converts LRP1 into a pro-inflammatory product. Differences in the co-receptors required for anti-inflammatory activity may explain why LRP1 ligands vary in ability to target macrophages in different differentiation states.
Electroactive Properties of Polyaromatic Molecules (1984)

Electroactive and electrochromic films of electropolymerized polyazulene and polythiophene have been found to be surprisingly insensitive to common solvents and temperature. As electrodes in all‐organic batteries these thin polymeric films allow current densities of 2 mA/cm2 at open‐circuit voltages of 2.3V. The electrochromic properties suggest application in electro‐optical displays.
<title>Mechanical properties of PECVD silicon oxide films suitable for integrated optics applications</title> (2000)

Silicon oxide films are deposited on silicon wafers by PECVD from SiH<SUB>4</SUB> and N<SUB>2</SUB>O at different values of the deposition parameters. The refractive index is found to vary with gas flow ratio (R), making these films suitable for a silicon-based integrated optics technology. The films are submitted to annealing processes on inert atmosphere in order to facilitate the impurity effusion, thus reducing the light transmission losses. However, relying upon deposition conditions, this process significantly changes the film stress and often affects the film integrity. In this work a study of the evolution of mechanical stress under different annealing conditions is carried out for silicon oxide PECVD- films. All as-deposited samples exhibit compressive stress. During thermal cycles up to 300 degree(s)C a different behavior of the mechanical stress is obtained depending on the deposition parameters. For R at about 20 a significant stress hysteresis is observed at low deposition temperatures. For R at about 5 no hysteresis is observed at any deposition temperature. After a subsequent RTA a drastic and opposite variation of the stress is observed for the two kind of films and a very stable material from the mechanical point of view, is obtained. An insight into the physical causes of these behaviors is presented.