gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regional atrial distensibility (1992)

We studied 12 open-chest dogs to determine whether there are regional differences in left atrial distensibility. Sonomicrometer crystal pairs were used to measure the anteroposterior diameters of the left atrial body and appendage simultaneously over a wide range of intracardiac pressures and volumes obtained by intravenous saline infusion. Left atrial pressure-natural strain data for the body and appendage were fitted to an exponential function. The mean coefficient of the left atrial monoexponential pressure-strain relationship was greater for the body than appendage (3.1 +/- 1.1 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg, P less than 0.01). The Y-intercepts were not significantly different (5.2 +/- 1.7 vs 4.9 +/- 1.8 mmHg). The maximum minus minimum left atrial dimension, an index of the reservoir function of the atrium, increased with volume infusion in both the body and appendage and was significantly greater in the appendage than body at each level of left atrial pressure. Similarly, atrial systolic shortening fraction increased with volume infusion, and regional shortening was greater in the appendage than the body at each level of left atrial pressure. We conclude that regional differences in atrial distensibility exist in vivo and may play an important role in modulating systolic and diastolic function of the left atrium.
Thermo and pH Dual‐Responsive Nanoparticles for Anti‐Cancer Drug Delivery (2007)

Thermo and pH dual-responsive nanoparticles encapsulating an anti-cancer drug (paclitaxel) were assembled from a diblock copolymer comprised of a hydrophilic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) block and a hydrophobic polycaprolactone block. These nanoparticles aggregated at body temperature under a slightly acidic pH of 6.9 (see figure), and a faster drug release was found to be associated with higher temperature and lower pH, both of which are advantageous for tumor-targeted anti-caner drug delivery. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c1817_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Local feature descriptor based rapid 3D ear recognition (2014)

This paper presents a local feature descriptor based rapid 3D ear recognition method. A coarse-to-fine pose alignment method is proposed to alleviate local extremum problem of ICP algorithm. At first, the LSP descriptors of 3D ear feature points are used to perform coarse pose alignment. Then the improved ICP algorithm (MICP algorithm) is used for fine pose alignment. Three kinds of descriptors, including LBP descriptor, 3D LBP descriptor and 3D CS-LBP descriptor, are used for feature extraction and matching. Experimental results show that 3D CS-LBP descriptor based method has better recognition performance and computational efficiency than the other two descriptors based methods.
An approach for the management of service-oriented architecture (SoA) based application systems (2005)

Flexible business processes are a key success factor for enterprises to succeed in globalised markets. The Service-oriented Architecture (SoA) concept is very well suited to support flexible business processes and application systems because capabilities (in form of services) can be composed in the most efficient way to achieve a high level of agility. However, the management of SoA-founded application systems is often neglected. Thus, we present an approach that enhances the traditional SoA concept by additional management functionality, e.g. monitoring mechanisms and SLA management. As a validation of our concept we introduce WSQoSX, a prototypical implementation based on Web Services.
An Adsorption-Regeneration Approach to the Problem of Evaporative Control (1967)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An approach to the containment of evaporative emissions of hydrocarbon fuel from automotive vehicles, using an adsorption system, is described. The concept of the system is based upon controlled adsorption-desorption cycling phased to engine operation modes. Feasibility is shown for both the containment of hydrocarbon vapors which would normally be lost to the atmosphere, and the feeding of these vapors to the engine under conditions such that both exhaust emissions and engine operation are unaltered. Extensive performance data are furnished on three cars equipped with exhaust control devices, and system design is treated in a semiempirical fashion demonstrating the flexibility of the approach.&lt;/div&gt;
Physicochemical characterization of the cytosol glucocorticoid receptors in various lymphoid tissues. (1980)

Cytosol glucocorticoid receptors of five different lymphoid tissues of chicken and rats were characterized and compared by physicochemical parameters. Binding specificity of receptors was found to be similar, except that cytosol receptors of chick tissues appeared slightly more specific for dexamethasone than those from rats. Association rate constants of the dexamethasone-receptor complex were higher by about one order of magnitude in the case of chicken thymus and bursa than in other cytosols. Dissociation of dexamethasone-receptor complex occurred in one step in rat tissues, whereas in case of chicken tissues two phases of dissociation were discernible. Differences between Ka and the ratio of the association and dissociation rate constants are explained by non-equilibrium conditions. The stability of receptors from the two species differed significantly, the chick receptor being more stable. Hormone-receptor complex from each tissue could be separated into two fractions by DE-52 chromatography. The peak eluted at the lower KCl concentration in the case of chick corresponded to the fast dissociating hormone-receptor complex. Kinetic analyses proved to be just as useful as ion-exchange chromatography for the characterization of, and distinguishing between, glucocorticoid receptors.
Perfluoroctylbromide: a liver/spleen-specific and tumor-imaging ultrasound contrast material. (1982)

The effect of perfluoroctylbromide (PFOB) on liver and tumor echogenicity was evaluated in rabbits. The echogenicity of the kidney, which is not affected by PFOB, was used as the basis for comparison in the liver studies. For the liver echogenicity study, sonography was performed on four rabbits, two with PFOB and two without PFOB, and four rabbits prior to and following the intravenous administration of 5 ml/kg PFOB. All livers were equal to or less echogenic than kidney in the control animals. All livers became more echogenic than kidney two days after administration of PFOB. The effect of PFOB on tumor echogenicity was evaluated in 18 rabbits with VX2 tumor implanted in the liver. Ultrasound studies of all rabbits were performed by the same physician before and two days after half the rabbits had received PFOB (5 ml/kg intravenously). The reviewers correctly identified all rabbits that received PFOB by visualization of an echogenic rim around the hepatic tumors.
Simulating Hamiltonians in quantum networks: Efficient schemes and complexity bounds (2002)

We address the problem of simulating pair-interaction Hamiltonians in n-node quantum networks where the subsystems have arbitrary, possibly different, dimensions. We show that any pair interaction can be used to simulate any other by applying sequences of appropriate local control sequences. Conditions on time optimal simulation are formulated in terms of spectral majorization of matrices characterizing the coupling parameters. Efficient schemes for decoupling and time reversal can be constructed from orthogonal arrays provided that the dimensions of all nodes are equal to the same prime power. Moreover, we consider a specific system of n harmonic oscillators with bilinear interaction. In this case, decoupling can efficiently be achieved using the combinatorial concept of difference schemes. For this type of interaction we present optimal schemes for inversion.
Evidence of ice crystals at cloud top of Arctic boundary-layer mixed-phase clouds derived from airborne remote sensing (2009)

Abstract. The vertical distribution of ice crystals in Arctic boundary-layer mixed-phase (ABM) clouds was investigated by airborne remote-sensing and in situ measurements during the Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol, Clouds and Radiation (ASTAR) campaign in March and April 2007. Information on the spectral absorption of solar radiation by ice and liquid water cloud particles is derived from airborne measurements of solar spectral radiation reflected by these clouds. It is shown by calculation of the vertical weighting function of the measurements that the observed absorption of solar radiation is dominated by the upper cloud layers (50% within 200 m from cloud top). This vertical weighting function is shifted even closer to cloud top for wavelengths where absorption by ice dominates. On this basis an indicator of the vertical distribution of ice crystals in ABM clouds is designed. Applying in situ measured microphysical properties, the cloud-top reflectivity was calculated by radiative transfer simulations and compared to the measurements. It is found that ice crystals near cloud top (mixed-phase cloud top layer) are necessary to reproduce the measurements at wavelengths where absorption by ice dominates. The observation of backscatter glories on the cloud top generally indicating liquid water droplets does not contradict the postulated presence of ice crystals. Radiative transfer simulations reproduce the observed glories even if the cloud top layer is of mixed-phase character.
Energetic Benefits of Sociality Offset the Costs of Parasitism in a Cooperative Mammal (2013)

Sociality and particularly advanced forms of sociality such as cooperative breeding (living in permanent groups with reproductive division of labour) is relatively rare among vertebrates. A suggested constraint on the evolution of sociality is the elevated transmission rate of parasites between group members. Despite such apparent costs, sociality has evolved independently in a number of vertebrate taxa including humans. However, how the costs of parasitism are overcome in such cases remains uncertain. We evaluated the potential role of parasites in the evolution of sociality in a member of the African mole-rats, the only mammal family that exhibits the entire range of social systems from solitary to eusocial. Here we show that resting metabolic rates decrease whilst daily energy expenditure and energy stores (i.e. body fat) increase with group size in social Natal mole rats (Cryptomys hottentotus natalensis). Critically, larger groups also had reduced parasite abundance and infested individuals only showed measurable increases in energy metabolism at high parasite abundance. Thus, in some circumstances, sociality appears to provide energetic benefits that may be diverted into parasite defence. This mechanism is likely to be self-reinforcing and an important factor in the evolution of sociality.
Synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical studies of acridone-amine based donor–acceptors for hole transport materials (2016)

Acridone amine based donor–acceptors, having the potential for hole transport materials, were synthesized using Buchwald–Hartwig amination.
KIET Framework for Cloud Adoption (2018)

The expenses in the sustenance of IT investments has become a major ledger item in businesses to the extent that in some cases business priorities had to be changed for sustaining IT systems. Cloud computing, a disruptive technology, is changing the sustenance model with on-demand and metered service approach. However, the adoption of this technology has not been consistent across sectors due to fear on loss of control and changes required in application development and deployment. Authors propose KIET (Knowing, Initiating, Evolving and Transforming) framework based on diffusion theory for adoption of cloud computing in organizations that have strong regulatory framework. Authors implemented the proposed framework on the Indian Banking sector, with majority of the banks being in the public sector. After the implementation of the framework, 49.4% of the banks have adopted cloud computing and another 27.8% of the banks have started the initial steps for adoption.
Bit-level switching in a fiber parametric processor with inherent wavelength conversion and optical conjugation (2004)

Multiple-band switching in two-pump fiber device is demonstrated. The architecture combines band amplification, wavelength conversion and selective conjugation. Bit-level switching is demonstrated over a bandwidth greater than 50 nm, with maximal conversion efficiency of 24.2-dB.
Defining CT Perfusion Thresholds for Infarction in the Golden Hour and With Ultra-Early Reperfusion (2018)

In this brief report, computed tomography perfusion (CTP) thresholds predicting follow-up infarction in patients presenting 20 to 23 seconds and cerebral blood flow <5 to 7 ml/min-1/(100 g)-1 or relative cerebral blood flow <0.14 to 0.20 optimally predicted the final infarct. These thresholds are stricter than published thresholds.
Spin-photonics symposium (2004)

Effects of exciton exchange interaction on coupling electron and hole spins are discussed. Single quantum dot studies allowed for resolution of the resulting fine structure pattern. A wavevector dependence was observed in bulk crystal studies.
Ammoxidation of 2-methylpyrazine to 2-cyanopyrazine over Nb–V oxides: marked effect of the Nb/V ratio on the catalytic performance (2014)

Among various Nb–V–O catalysts, the catalyst with a Nb/V ratio of 1 has shown the best activity and selectivity as well as extremely high space–time yields (X-MP ~100%, S-CP ~70% and STY = 440 g<sub>CP</sub> kg<sub>cat</sub><sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>).
Designing allosteric peptide ligands targeting a globular protein (2006)

Patented signal analytic algorithms applied to hydrophobically transformed, numerical amino acid sequences have previously been used to design short, protein-targeted, L or D retro-inverso peptides. These peptides have demonstrated allosteric and/or indirect agonist effects on a variety of G-protein and tyrosine kinase coupled membrane receptors with 30% to over 80% hit rates. Here we extend these approaches to a globular protein target. We designed eight peptide ligands targeting an ELISA antibody responsive protein, beta-galactosidase, betaGAL. Three of the eight 14mer peptides allosterically activated betaGAL with ELISA methodology. Using Bayesian statistics, this 38% hit rate would have occurred 2 x 10(-9) by chance. These peptides demonstrated binding site competitive or noncompetitive interactions, suggesting allosteric site multiplicity with respect to their betaGAL binding-mediated ELISA signal. Kinetic studies demonstrated the temperature dependence of the betaGAL peptide binding functions. Using the van't Hoff relation, we found evidence for enthalpy-entropy compensation. This relation is often found for hydrophobic interactions in aqueous media, and is consistent with the postulated hydrophobic series encoding underlying our protein-targeted, peptide design methods. It appears that our algorithmic, hydrophobic autocovariance eigenvector template approach to the design of allosteric peptides targeting membrane receptors may also be applicable to the design of peptide ligands targeting nonmembrane involved globular proteins.
Thermal degradation products of S-alkyl-L-cysteine occurring in the Allium species with D-glucose. (1990)

Thermal treatment of a mixture of S-alkyl-L-cysteines (alkyl: methyl, MCS; allyl, ACS; propyl, PCS; cis-1-propenyl, PeCS) occurring in the Allium species and D-glucose (GIc) gave rise to volatile products which are responsible for characteristic food flavors. Flavor evaluations due to thermally treating mixtures MCS-Glc, ACS-Glc, PCS-Glc and PeCS-Glc indicated pickled radish-like, garlic and rice cracker-like, roasted onion-like, and rice cracker-like flavors, respectively. The major volatile products from MCS-Glc, ACS-Glc and PeCS-Glc were sulfur compounds generated from the thermal decomposition of MCS, ACSand PeCS, respectively. Interestingly, the compounds contributing to the good aroma of PCS-Glcwere alkylpyrazines as well as sulfur compounds. Furthermore, novel compounds-2,4-bis(propylthio)butanal and 2,4-bis(propylthio)but-2-enal, which were thermally generated from an equimolar mixture of PCS and Glc, were isolated and identified by MS, IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.
New Efficient Recombinant Expression System To Engineer Candida antarctica Lipase B (2010)

Here, we report the use of Yarrowia lipolytica as a versatile expression host for developing protein engineering approaches to modify the properties of Candida antarctica lipase B. A reliable screening protocol was defined and validated using a saturation mutagenesis library, yielding mutants displaying higher catalytic efficiencies than the wild-type enzyme.
Method To Enhance Intranasal Peptide Delivery (1987)

The intranasal administration of histamine increased nasal blood flow and enhanced the antidiuretic activity of intranasal desmopressin in normal volunteers, whereas carboxymethylcellulose, a bioadhesive agent, did not change the systemic action of desmopressin. In these subjects, nasal blood flow was measured by laser doppler velocimetry and desmopressin activity was assessed by its effect on urinary osmolality, volume flow, electrolyte and creatinine concentration. The intranasal administration of histamine, immediately prior to desmopressin significantly increased nasal blood flow response, suppressed urine volume flow for longer duration, and increased urine osmolality, electrolyte and creatinine concentrations. A general review of intranasal peptide administration is presented and strategies for enhancing the transnasal delivery of peptides and proteins are discussed. Our results indicate that the systemic activity of intranasal desmopressin is enhanced by increasing nasal blood flow with the use of vasoactive agents. This increase in duration of activity is consistent with increased transnasal absorption of the peptide.
Accumulation of Multipotent Progenitor Cells on Polymethylpentene Membranes During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (2015)

Multipotent progenitor cells were mobilized during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We hypothesize that these cells also adhered onto polymethylpentene (PMP) fibers within the membrane oxygenator (MO) during adult ECMO support. Mononuclear cells were removed from the surface of explanted PMP-MOs (n = 16). Endothelial-like outgrowth and mesenchymal-like cells were characterized by flow cytometric analysis using different surface markers. Spindle-shaped attaching cells were identified early, but without proliferative activity. After long-term cultivation palisading type or cobblestone-type outgrowth cells with high proliferative activity appeared and were characterized as (i) leukocytoid CD45+/CD31+ (CD133+/VEGFR-II+/CD90+/CD14+/CD146dim/CD105dim); (ii) endothelial-like CD45-/CD31+ (VEGF-RII+/CD146+/CD105+/CD133-/CD14-/CD90-); and (iii) mesenchymal-like cells CD45-/CD31- (CD105+/CD90+/CD133dim/VEGFR-II-/CD146-/CD14-). The distribution of the cell populations depended on the MO and cultivation time. Endothelial-like cells formed capillary-like structures and did uptake Dil-acetylated low-density lipoprotein. Endothelial- and mesenchymal-like cells adhered on the surface of PMP-MOs. Further research is needed to identify the clinical relevance of these cells.
A Criterion for Designing Emergency Control Schemes to Counteract Communication Failures in Wide-Area Damping Control (2023)

Communication failures and transmission delays are two major issues associated with Wide-Area Damping Controllers (WADCs). While transmission delays have been extensively studied and various solutions have been proposed, little research has been done on communication failures and most of the proposed methods are based on preventive controls. However, in today’s liberalized electricity markets, preventive controls are no longer acceptable and the trend is to use emergency controls instead. This paper proposes a novel emergency control scheme to counteract the loss of remote signals related to the input and to the output of the WADC (i.e., sensor and actuator failures). The proposed scheme is based on a simple criterion, which overcomes the complexity of the previous methods. Modal analysis and time domain simulations are performed to verify the performance of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs well in handling communication failures and can maintain good damping performance. This research work is particularly important in view of the trend towards the wide-scale adoption of wide-area measurement technologies, while the vulnerability to cyber-attacks is increasing.
X‐CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNS IN MAMMALS (1972)

Summary 1. The review considers information from mammalian embryology relevant to X ‐chromosome inactivation, and from X ‐inactivation relevant to mammalian embryology. 2. Properties of the inactive‐ X , by which it may be recognized are: sex chromatin, heteropycnosis, late replication and the absence of gene product. Each of these has advantages and disadvantages in particular circumstances. In some species the X carries constitutive heterochromatin, which must be distinguished from the facultative region. 3. The time of X ‐chromosome inactivation can be estimated from the time of appearance of sex chromatin or late replication, or inferred from the appearance of heterozygotes for X ‐linked genes or of experimental chimaeras. The estimated time varies with species, and in the mouse and rabbit is near the time of increase in RNA synthesis. 4. Whereas in eutherian mammals either the maternally or the paternally derived X may be inactivated in different cell lines, in marsupials the paternal X is always the inactive one. 5. During development various factors act to distort the patterns produced by random X ‐inactivation. These factors include cell selection, transfer of gene product, and migration and mingling of cells. 6. There is no clear evidence that X ‐chromosome inactivation is not complete. 7. In female germ cells both X ‐chromosomes appear to be active. In male ones both X and Y appear inactive during most of spermatogenesis, although probably in early stages all X chromosomes present are active. 8. The active and inactive X ‐chromosomes may be differentiated by presence or absence of some non‐histone protein or other polyanionic substance. 9. If the genes concerned in synthesis or attachment of this substance are on the X ‐chromosome then the differentiation will be self‐maintaining. 10. The initiation of the differentiation requires either the attachment of different X ‐chromosomes to different sites, or some interaction of X ‐linked and autosomal genes, concerned in inducing or repressing activity. Some possible models are discussed.