gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstimulation-Induced Inhibition of Neuronal Firing in Human Globus Pallidus (2000)

Neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently employs chronic high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the internal segment of globus pallidus (GPi) and can very effectively reduce L-dopa-induced dyskinesias and bradykinesia, but the mechanisms are unknown. The present study examined the effects of microstimulation in GPi on the activity of neurons close to the stimulation site. Recordings were made from GPi using two fixed or independently controlled microelectrodes, with the electrode tips usually approximately 250 or >600 micrometer apart in PD patients undergoing stereotactic exploration to localize the optimal site for placement of a lesion or DBS electrode. The spontaneous activity of nearly all of the cells (22/23) recorded in GPi in three patients was inhibited by microstimulation at currents typically <10 microA (0.15-ms pulses at 5 Hz). The inhibition had a duration of 10-25 ms at threshold. These findings suggest that microstimulation within GPi preferentially excites the axon terminals of striatal and/or external pallidal neurons causing release of GABA and inhibition of GPi neurons.
Bromic Heating Co business exposure project to the Chile market (2018)

The purpose of this article is to provide Bromic Heating (the leading Australian EGC Group company) with the necessary information in order to expand their operations into the South American market, and make recommendations on how this would be best practice achieved. The part of the South American market that EGC Group has recommended Bromic first expand to be Chile. This article contains a regional economic analysis, which showed South America’s services sector accounted for 64% of its GDP, and of that 64%, tourism was responsible for 9%. Tourism is an industry that provides a lot of demand for products such as Bromic’s, and this large percentage of GDP, as well as expected growth in this sector, makes South America a great region for Bromic’s expansion. When deciding what country to expand to first, Chile was identified as the primary target, mainly due to the free trade agreement between Chile and Australia as well as its associate membership of MERCOSUR, the South American trading bloc.
Publication related to Human Brain Project, Prof Courtine Laboratory (2019)

Publication related to human Brain project SGA2
Optimized Sidetrack Placement Through the use of a Bed Boundary Mapping Tool (2010)

The first use of a logging-while-drilling (LWD) bed-boundary mapping (BBM) tool in Australia has demonstrated the ability of the device to locate formation boundaries along significant lengths of the wellbores, reducing the uncertainty that would have been present if only a conventional suite of tools had been used. In the first well of the program, the thickness of the target reservoir was significantly less than expected, resulting in the borehole exiting the base of the sand shortly after exiting the casing shoe. Data from the BBM tool guided the design of a sidetrack well off the initial failed design resulting in a successful well with an initial production of over 16,000 barrels of oil per day (BOPD).
Antibiotic prophylaxis and intravitreal injections: impact on the incidence of acute endophthalmitis (2019)

International audience
Robust control of a mobile inverted pendulum robot using a RBF neural network controller (2009)

This article presents robust control of the mobile inverted pendulum system(MIPS) whose structure is a combination of a wheeled mobile robot and an inverted pendulum with two arms. The MIPS navigates on the horizontal plane while balancing the pendulum. Control of the MIPS is difficult since the system is non-holonomic and nonlinear so that simple linear controllers may have poor performances for the system. The radial basis function(RBF) network is used as an auxiliary controller to help the primary PID controllers to perform better. The back propagation algorithm has been developed for the RBF function network. Real time control of the RBF network has been achieved by embedding the learning algorithm onto the DSP board. The performance of the RBF network controller has been tested for the remotely controlled MIPS by conducting experiments of climbing the slanted surface while balancing.
Mutations in fibrillar collagens (types I, II, III, and XI), fibril‐associated collagen (type IX), and network‐forming collagen (type X) cause a spectrum of diseases of bone, cartilage, and blood vessels (1997)

This review summarizes the data on 278 different mutations found to date in the genes for types I, II, III, IX, X, and XI collagens from 317 apparently unrelated patients. A majority (217 mutations; 78% of the total) of the mutations are single-base and either change the codon of a critical amino acid (63%), or lead to abnormal RNA splicing (13%). Most of the amino acid substitutions are those of a bulkier amino acid for the obligatory glycine of the repeating-Gly-X-Y-sequence of the collagen triple helix (155; 56%). Altogether, 26 different mutations (9.4% of the mutations) occur in more than one unrelated individual. The 65 patients in whom the 26 mutations were characterized constitute almost one-fifth (20.5%) of the 317 patients analyzed. The mutations in types I, II, III, IX, X, and XI collagens cause a wide spectrum of diseases of bone, cartilage, and blood vessels, including osteogenesis imperfecta, a variety of chondrodysplasias, types IV and VII of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and, rarely, some forms of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and familial aneurysms. Hum Mutat 9:300–315, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Theory and Performance of Narrow Correlator Spacing in a GPS Receiver (1992)

Historically, conventional GPS receivers have used 1.0 chip early-late correlator spacing in the implementation of delay lock loops (DLLs). However, there are distinct advantages to narrowing this spacing, especially in C/A-code tracking applications. These advantages are the reduction of tracking errors in the presence of both noise and multipath. The primary disadvantage is that a wider precorrelation bandwidth is required, coupled with higher sample rates and higher digital signal processing rates. However, with current CMOS technology, this is easily achievable and well worth the price. Noise reduction is achieved with narrower spacing because the noise components of the early and late signals are correlated and tend to cancel, provided that early and late processing are simultaneous (not dithered). Multipath effects are reduced because the DLL discriminator is less distorted by the delayed multipath signal. This paper presents the derivation of these narrow correlator spacing improvements, verified by simulated and tested performance.
Methods for Functional Assessment After C7 Spinal Cord Hemisection in the Rhesus Monkey (2012)

The behavioral outcome measures that the authors developed in this preclinical nonhuman primate model of SCI can detect a broad range of motor recovery. A set of behavioral assays is an essential component of a model that will be used to test efficacies of translational candidate therapies for SCI.
Use of benzodiazepines in panic disorder. (1997)

Over the past 15 years, benzodiazepines have been used successfully to treat panic disorder with agoraphobia, but not without some controversy. Efficacy and side effect data from the principal benzodiazepine outcome studies of panic disorder demonstrate that alprazolam, lorazepam, and clonazepam are all clinically effective. Clonazepam has several advantages over other benzodiazepines and can be considered a first-line agent for panic disorder. Benzodiazepines in general are therapeutically effective for a broad range of panic disorder symptoms. Their effect is rapid and maintained without dose increase over a 7- to 8-month period. Discontinuation-related difficulties can occur in a considerable number of patients, but these can be decreased in several ways.
The In-Situ Dressing of CMP Pad Conditioners with Novel Coating Protection (2007)

Kinik Company pioneered diamond pad conditioners protected by DLC barrier (DiaShield® Coating) back in 1999 (Sung &amp; Lin, US Patent 6,368,198) and there has been no follower since then. Kinik's offered two varieties of DiaShield® Coatings: ultrahard tetrahedral amorphous carbon and superhard hydrogenated DLC. Kink also evaluated Cermet Composite Coating (CCC or C3, patent pending). C3 is unique that the coating composition grades from a metallic (e.g. stainless steel) under layer to a ceramic (e.g. Al2O3 or SiC) exterior. The metallic under layer can form metallurgical bond with metallic matrix on the diamond pad conditioner. The ceramic exterior is both wear and corrosion resistant. The gradational design of C3 coating will assure its strong adherence to the substrate because there is no weak boundary between coating and substrate. By dipping diamond pad conditioners of various designs in acidic solution (e.g. copper cleaning solution) for extended periods of time (e.g. 50 hours) the chemical inertness of various matrix materials are determined with the decreasing ranking as: hydrogenated DLC &gt; C3 coating &gt; tetrahedral amorphous carbon &gt; sintered nichrome &gt; brazed alloy &gt; electroplated nickel.
In situ coupling of N-doped lignin-derived carbon-encapsulated CoFe-CoxN heterojunction for oxygen evolution reaction (2022)

Exploring highly active and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction is important for the development of water splitting and rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, a hybrid electrocatalyst of CoFe alloy and CoxN heterojunction encapsulated and embedded in N-doped carbon support (CoFe-CoxN@NC) was in situ coupling via a pyrolysis process of a novel coordination polymer from lignin biomacromolecule. CoFe-CoxN@NC exhibited an excellent OER activity with a low overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA•cm−2 and stability with increment of 20 mV, comparable to commercial Ir/C. DFT calculations revealed that CoxN and N-doped grapheme encapsulation can reduce the binding strength between *O and CoFe alloy, prevent metals leaching and agglomeration, and improve electron transfer efficiency, thereby, remarkably enhancing the OER activity and stability. In situ coupling strategy of alloy and nitride heterojunction on N-doped lignin-derived carbon provided a promising and universal catalyst design for the development of renewable energy conversion technologies.
Cerebral cavernous malformations form an anticoagulant vascular domain in humans and mice (2018)

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are common brain vascular dysplasias that are prone to acute and chronic hemorrhage with significant clinical sequelae. The pathogenesis of recurrent bleeding in CCM is incompletely understood. Here, we show that central nervous system hemorrhage in CCMs is associated with locally elevated expression of the anticoagulant endothelial receptors thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). TM levels are increased in human CCM lesions, as well as in the plasma of patients with CCMs. In mice, endothelial-specific genetic inactivation of <i>Krit1</i> (<i>Krit1</i> <sup><i>ECKO</i></sup> ) or <i>Pdcd10</i> (<i>Pdcd10</i> <sup><i>ECKO</i></sup> ), which cause CCM formation, results in increased levels of vascular TM and EPCR, as well as in enhanced generation of activated protein C (APC) on endothelial cells. Increased TM expression is due to upregulation of transcription factors KLF2 and KLF4 consequent to the loss of <i>KRIT1</i> or <i>PDCD10.</i> Increased TM expression contributes to CCM hemorrhage, because genetic inactivation of 1 or 2 copies of the <i>Thbd</i> gene decreases brain hemorrhage in <i>Pdcd10</i> <sup><i>ECKO</i></sup> mice. Moreover, administration of blocking antibodies against TM and EPCR significantly reduced CCM hemorrhage in <i>Pdcd10</i> <sup><i>ECKO</i></sup> mice. Thus, a local increase in the endothelial cofactors that generate anticoagulant APC can contribute to bleeding in CCMs, and plasma soluble TM may represent a biomarker for hemorrhagic risk in CCMs.
Evaluation of 1-octen-3-ol and carbon dioxide as black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) attractants in Arkansas. (1993)

Carbon dioxide and 1-octen-3-ol were evaluated individually and in combination as black fly attractants. Significantly greater numbers of Cnephia pecuarum were collected in traps baited with CO2 and CO2 + octenol as compared with octenol alone or no bait. While greater numbers of C. pecuarum were collected in traps baited with the combination of CO2 and octenol as opposed to CO2 alone, results were only significantly different (P > or = 0.05) in one test. In contrast, significantly (P > or = 0.05) more adults of Simulium meridionale were collected in traps baited with CO2 alone. Octenol alone was not an effective attractant for the black fly species collected in the course of this study. In addition, use of octenol in conjunction with CO2 may impair representative sampling of black fly species present in a given area.
Use of potato peel waste-a cost effective alternative substrate for the production of industrially useful α-amylase enzyme (2020)

-amylase, Aspergillus oryzae, potato peel waste (PPW), submerged fermentation and enhanced nutritional composition.
Synthesis of long‐chain alkanesulfonates by photosulfochlorination using sulfuryl chloride (2003)

Abstract To develop a new method for the manufacture of anionic surfactants such as alkanesulfonates, which are completely biodegradable, we used linear aliphatic hydrocarbons C 12 and C 14 as raw material. These hydrocarbons were transformed into the corresponding sulfochlorides in quantitative vield by photosulfochlorination with sulfuryl chloride. The operating conditions led to reaction mixtures containing all the position isomers of sulfochlorinated and chlorinated alkanes. These compounds have been identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The isomeric distribution of different reaction products, as well as the molar ratio of the main product, the alkanesulfochlorides, vs. the by‐products, the alkanechlorides, were determined by the gas chromatogrpahy method. The particular isomeric distribution observed during these reactions was different from that of classic chain reactions, as highlighted by the values of calculated relative reactivities. After separation, purification, and alkaline hydrolysis steps, the resulting dodecane and tetradecanesulfonates showed good surface activity. Indeed, the values of the surface tensions at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) compare well with those in the literature. CMC values of these mixtures are given, and the influence of isomeric distribution on CMC values and on the surface tension values at the CMC is presented.
A low-cost multichannel analyzer with data reduction assembly for continuous air monitoring system (1992)

The objective of the research discussed is to design and develop a microcontroller-based multichannel analyzer (MCA) with a data reduction assembly (DRA) for a plutonium continuous air monitor (CAM) system. The MCA is capable of detecting the airborne alpha emitters in the presence of radon daughter products. The pulse output from the preamplifier has been stretched to allow the peak detector sufficient time to capture the pulse height. The pulse amplitude conversion, the data acquisition, and the output functions are carried out fully by software. The DRA consists of a data reduction unit (DRU) and its operator interface panel. The data reduction assembly has the ability to be networked to a single PC with up to 32 different CAMs remotely connected to it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Inducing mesenchymal stem cell attachment on non-cell adhesive hydrogels through click chemistry (2020)

We introduce an innovative approach to adhere mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a hydrogel scaffold by nucleating adhesion through strain-promoted click chemistry. This method yields a significant increase in cell viability compared to non-functionalized and RGD peptide functionalized hydrogels, providing a promising alternative to traditional biomaterials cell attachment approaches.
The role of viral and cell-associated antigens in the cell-mediated immune response of rats to virus-induced lymphoma cells. (1980)

Abstract The induction of the cytotoxic cell response to rat syngeneic MuLV-induced lymphoma cells by viral and cell-associated antigens was evaluated. Priming of the immune response to lymphoma cells was found to be dependent upon cell-associated antigens, since only lymphoma cells, and not purified virus, were able to prime memory CTL precursors in vivo. In contrast, this dependency on cell-associated antigens was not observed upon secondary in vitro stimulation of spleen cells from lymphoma-primed rats. In this instance, purified virus, as well as lymphoma cells, had the capacity to induce a secondary CTL response against lymphoma cells. Further studies revealed the secondary CTL response to result from an interaction between distinct T cell populations. These components were identified through the use of monoclonal antibodies against a rat differentiation antigen expressed by T cells (W3/13) and a T cell subset (W3/25). Although purified T cells developed a strong cytotoxic response, separated T cells of either the W3/25 + or W3/25— subset did not. In contrast, mixtures of the W3/25- cells with W3/25+ cells generated CTL in a synergistic manner. Analogously, mixtures of W3/25—cells with mitomycin-inactivated cells from virus primed rats also generated CTL synergistically. These results demonstrated that the antilymphoma response consisted of at least two components; they further suggested that a population of noncytolytic cells, which responded to viral proteins, were helper cells that were involved in the induction of CTL from a second subset of W3/25-cells that were primed against lymphoma cell-associated antigens.
Figure S7 from Rapid Construction of Antitumor T-cell Receptor Vectors from Frozen Tumors for Engineered T-cell Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fig. S7 describes recognition of Glycine-substituted peptides by library-derived TCR.&lt;/p&gt;
Mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes: Implications for DNA damage signaling and drug sensitivity (Review) (2004)

The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system functions in the elimination of biosynthetic errors that arise during DNA replication, in DNA damage surveillance, and in the prevention of recombination between non-identical sequences. It therefore substantially contributes to the maintenance of genome integrity. It is thus not surprising that loss of MMR function may lead to cancer. Inherited defects due to germline mutations in the MMR genes underlie the hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) syndrome in humans, and epigenetic silencing of the hMLH1 gene accounts for sporadic cancers, including those of the endometrium and ovaries. Another hallmark of MMR is its capacity to elicit DNA damage-induced cell death. Although this might seem to make MMR a useful target for anticancer agents, it has become clear that tumor cells with defective MMR display reduced sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of DNA damaging agents such as alkylating agents and cisplatin. This is of clinical relevance, as these agents provide MMR-deficient tumor cells a growth advantage. This effect is exacerbated by the potential of some agents to cause the de novo generation of MMR-resistant variants. Thus, the discovery of antitumor agents that retain sensitivity against or specifically target MMR-deficient tumor cells, and the development of strategies to overcome MMR-related drug resistance assumes clinical importance. Efforts have been taken in the past years to come to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of MMR, including those underlying MMR-related tumorigenesis, those determining the substrate-specificity of MMR-dependent damage recognition, and those linking damage recognition to cell death responses. This information is also expected to contribute to the establishment of diagnostic methods to screen for MMR gene mutations in tumors and to the development of strategies which enable the oncologists to apply appropriate and specific regimens for tumor treatment.
Planar microdischarge arrays (1998)

Planar arrays of 400 µm diameter discharge devices fabricated on silicon with an anode-cathode spacing of 1 mm and device separations as small as 0.8 mm are reported. Operated in parallel with a single ballast and specific power loadings in the discharge up to ~40 kW-cm–3, these arrays produce continuous emission from the atomic rare gases and transient molecules such as the rare gas-halide excimer, xenon-monoiodide (XeI).
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 deficiency exacerbates injury-induced inflammation in a mouse model of tauopathy (2022)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) promotes several Alzheimer's disease-like pathological features, including microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) accumulation within neurons. Macrophage activation in the injured hTau mouse model of tauopathy raises the question whether there is a relationship between MAPT pathology and alterations in macrophage activation following TBI. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a critical regulator of microglia and macrophage phenotype, but its mechanisms on TBI remain unclear. To address the association with TREM2 in TBI and MAPT pathology, we studied TREM2 deficiency in hTau mice (<i>hTau;Trem2<sup>-/-</sup></i> ) 3 (acute phase) and 120 (chronic phase) days after experimental TBI. At three days following injury, <i>hTau;Trem2<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice exhibited reduced macrophage activation both in the cortex and hippocampus. However, to our surprise, <i>hTau;Trem2<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice exposed to TBI augments macrophage accumulation in the corpus callosum and white matter near the site of tissue damage in a chronic phase, which results in exacerbated axonal injury, tau aggregation, and impaired neurogenesis. We further demonstrate that TREM2 deficiency in hTau injured mice promotes neuronal dystrophy in the white matter due to impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Remarkably, <i>hTau;Trem2<sup>-/-</sup></i> exposed to TBI failed to restore blood-brain barrier integrity. These findings imply that TREM2 deficiency accelerates inflammation and neurodegeneration, accompanied by attenuated microglial phagocytosis and continuous blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, thus exacerbating tauopathy in hTau TBI mice.
Retinoid metabolism: new insights (2022)

Vitamin A (retinol) is a critical micronutrient required for the control of stem cell functions, cell differentiation, and cell metabolism in many different cell types, both during embryogenesis and in the adult organism. However, we must obtain vitamin A from food sources. Thus, the uptake and metabolism of vitamin A by intestinal epithelial cells, the storage of vitamin A in the liver, and the metabolism of vitamin A in target cells to more biologically active metabolites, such as retinoic acid (RA) and 4-oxo-RA, must be precisely regulated. Here, I will discuss the enzymes that metabolize vitamin A to RA and the cytochrome P450 Cyp26 family of enzymes that further oxidize RA. Because much progress has been made in understanding the regulation of ALDH1a2 (RALDH2) actions in the intestine, one focus of this review is on the metabolism of vitamin A in intestinal epithelial cells and dendritic cells. Another focus is on recent data that 4-oxo-RA is a ligand required for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell dormancy and the important role of RARβ (RARB) in these stem cells. Despite this progress, many questions remain in this research area, which links vitamin A metabolism to nutrition, immune functions, developmental biology, and nuclear receptor pharmacology.