gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen chiral phosphodiesters. 4. Stereochemical course of the hydrolysis of 2'-deoxyadenosine cyclic 3',5'-[17O, 18O]monophosphate in water(oxygen-16) catalyzed by bovine heart cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen chiral phosphodiesters. 4. Stereochemical course of the hydrolysis of 2'-deoxyadenosine cyclic 3',5'-[17O, 18O]monophosphate in water(oxygen-16) catalyzed by bovine heart cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesteraseJeffrey A. Coderre, Shujaath Mehdi, and John A. GerltCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 7, 1872–1875Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00397a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00397a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expected Structure of Extreme Waves in a Gaussian Sea. Part I: Theory and SWADE Buoy Measurements (1993)

This paper is concerned with the expected configuration in space and time surrounding extremely high crests in a random wave field, or, equivalently, the mean configuration averaged over realizations of extreme events. A simple, approximate theory is presented that predicts that the mean configuration ζ¯(x + r, t + τ) surrounding a crest at (x, t) that is higher than γσ (where σ is the overall rms surface displacement and γ ≫ 1), when normalized by ζ¯(x,t) for ζ > γσ, is the space-time autocorrelation function ρ(r, t) = ¯ζ(x, t)ζ(x + r, t + τ)/ ζ¯2 for the entire wave field. This extends and simplifies an earlier result due to Boccotti and is consistent with a precise calculation of the one-dimensional case with r = 0, involving the time history of measurements at a single point. The results are compared with buoy data obtained during the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment and the agreement is found to be remarkably good.
Nucleosome positions and differential methylation status of various regions within MLH1 CpG island (2008)

To determine the relationship between nucleosome positions and formation of differential methylation of the reported region A, B, C, and D within the MLH1 CpG island. Methylation of the MLH1 promoter was analyzed by combined of bisulfite restriction assay. Chromatin of RKO and MGC803 cells were extracted and digested by MNase. Mono-nucleosomal DNA fragment was isolated and used as templates for detection of nucleosomal distribution by a battery of quantitative PCRs covering the full MLH1 promoter region. The MLH1 was methylated in RKO and unmethylated in MGC803. At the region B, where methylation of CpG sites did not correlated with transcription of this gene well, qPCR product of the M-3 (−599nt ∼ −475nt) fragment was amplified in both RKO and MGC803 cells. However, at the region C and D within the core promoter, where methylation of CpG sites correlated with loss of MLH1 transcription well, the M-7 (−257nt ∼ −153nt) and M-8 (−189nt ∼ −71nt) fragments were amplified remarkably only in RKO cells. Nucleosome may be the basic unit for both CpG methylation and methylation-related regulation of gene transcription. Methylation status of CpG sites within the same nucleosome may be homogeneous; between different nucleosomes, homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Reaction of tosylamide monosodium salt with bis(halomethyl) compounds: an easy entry to symmetrical N-tosyl aza macrocycles (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of tosylamide monosodium salt with bis(halomethyl) compounds: an easy entry to symmetrical N-tosyl aza macrocyclesFrancesco Bottino, Michele Di Grazia, Paolo Finocchiaro, Frank R. Fronczek, Antonino Mamo, and Sebastiano PappalardoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 15, 3521–3529Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00250a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00250a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2925Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Combined ultrasound and transrectal electrical impedance imaging of the prostate (2012)

A novel imaging method to detect prostate cancer and the clinical findings is presented in this study. The dual modal imaging system incorporates a transrectal ultrasound system and an electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system. The reconstructed electrical property image (EPI) is correlated with semi-quantitative pathological findings. An example of reconstructed EPI is also presented in this study. Additionally, at lower frequencies of 0.4 kHz, 3.2 kHz and 25.6 kHz, statistical tests suggest that the conductivity of cancerous regions is significantly greater than that of normal region (p<;0.0304). The preliminary clinical findings point to potential electrical impedance measuring applications for prostate cancer detecting.
Power scaling of semiconductor laser pumped Praseodymium-lasers (2007)

We report on efficient lasing of Pr-doped fluoride materials with cw output powers up to 600 mW in the visible spectral range. Praseodymium doped LiYF(4) and LiLuF(4) crystals were pumped either by an intracavity frequency doubled optically pumped semiconductor laser with output powers up to 1.6 W and nearly diffraction limited beam quality or by a multimode GaN-laser diode with an output power of about 370 mW. Furthermore, intracavity frequency doubling of the red Pr-laser radiation to 320 nm reaching output powers of more than 360 mW with a conversion efficiency of 61% and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 22% are presented.
Direct Conversion of Substituted Pyrrole‐2‐carboxylic Acid Methyl Esters to Their 2‐Carbonitrile Analogues (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Feedback-free optical cavity with self-resonating mechanism (2015)

We demonstrated the operation of a high finesse optical cavity without utilizing an active feedback system to stabilize the resonance. The effective finesse, which is a finesse including the overall system performance, of the cavity was measured to be $394,000 \pm 10,000$, and the laser power stored in the cavity was $2.52 \pm 0.13$ kW, which is approximately 187,000 times greater than the incident power to the cavity. The stored power was stabilized with a fluctuation of $1.7 \%$, and we confirmed continuous cavity operation for more than two hours. This result has the potential to trigger an innovative evolution for applications that use optical resonant cavities such as compact photon sources with laser-Compton scattering or cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy.
American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Task Force Recommendations for Resumption of Motility Laboratory Operations During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)

The American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Task Force recommends that gastrointestinal motility procedures should be performed in motility laboratories adhering to the strict recommendations and personal protective equipment (PPE) measures to protect patients, ancillary staff, and motility allied health professionals. When available and within constraints of institutional guidelines, it is preferable for patients scheduled for motility procedures to complete a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test within 48 hours before their procedure, similar to the recommendations before endoscopy made by gastroenterology societies. COVID-19 test results must be documented before performing procedures. If procedures are to be performed without a COVID-19 test, full PPE use is recommended, along with all social distancing and infection control measures. Because patients with suspected motility disorders may require multiple procedures, sequential scheduling of procedures should be considered to minimize need for repeat COVID-19 testing. The strategies for and timing of procedure(s) should be adapted, taking into consideration local institutional standards, with the provision for screening without testing in low prevalence areas. If tested positive for COVID-19, subsequent negative testing may be required before scheduling a motility procedure (timing is variable). Specific recommendations for each motility procedure including triaging, indications, PPE use, and alternatives to motility procedures are detailed in the document. These recommendations may evolve as understanding of virus transmission and prevalence of COVID-19 infection in the community changes over the upcoming months.
A framework for QoS & mobility in the Internet next generation (2000)

It is expected that the Internet next generation architecture will support applications with different quality of service requirements, independently of whether their location is fixed or mobile. However, enabling QoS in Internet is a tough challenge, and it gets even tougher when the mobile environment with its non-predictive characteristics is introduced. In this paper we propose a framework that will integrate various QoS architectures and mobility protocols and will offer the freedom to users to choose between different wireless and wired access technologies based on certain predefined criteria, e.g. QoS parameters.
CHANGES OF MMPI ITEM RESPONSES AND PROFILE PATTERNS ORIGINATED BY THE TRANSLATION INTO JAPANESE (1986)

Sinece1978, the candidates for the Kitasato University, Medical School have been requested to answer the translated edition of MMPI. For these5years, two kinds of Japanese editions were adopted for test alternately, and total of3894male and786female candidates took this test. Using this material, the authors have studied the influence of translation into Japanese on the response for each MMPI item and profile pattern. The results were as follows: (1)Excluding D and Si scales, the mean scores of the remaining 12scales of either Doshisha or Nihon-edition were located within a difference of one standard deviation from the mean values of the norm group. (2)By means of item by item comparison, considerably large difference between the two editions was observed in the percentage of cases giving?gtrue?hresponse. This fact suggested that difference between the editions had to be taken into consideration when individual items were used separately or scales were newly constructed by using items with high risk of different response pattern.
Structure of Somatostatin Isolated from Bovine Retina (1983)

Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) from bovine retina was purified and its structure determined. Retinal tissue (1868 g) extracted with 3% acetic acid yielded 18.6 nmol SLI. This peptide was purified by chromatography on an affinity column made with anti-somatostatin antiserum, a reverse-phase C-18 HPLC column, and three sequential applications on a reverse-phase phenyl HPLC column. The peptide was purified 103,000-fold from the initial extract with an overall yield of 14.4%. Amino acid sequence determination by an automatic Edman degradation technique revealed the sequence to be as follows: Ser-Ala-Asn-Ser-Asn-Pro-Ala-Met- Ala-Pro-Arg-Glu-Arg-Lys-Ala-Gly-(Cys)-Lys- Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-(Phe, Thr, Ser, Cys). The apparent identity of this peptide with somatostatin octacosapeptide (S28) purified from other mammalian tissue indicates the phylogenetic conservation of its structure and facilitates the use of the retina as a model system for studying the neurotransmitter function of somatostatin.
Organometallic Reactions (1996)

Of the various organometallic reactions employed in carbon-carbon bond formation, the metal acetylide, Grignard, and Reformatsky reactions have been the most prevalent in the synthesis of vitamin A (1) and carotenoids [1]. However, there has been considerable interest in the applications of transition metals and, for the preparation of symmetrical carotenoids, low valent titanium. This article is divided according to the metals used in carbon-carbon bond formation, with further subdivisions based on reaction type and/or putative reactive intermediates. For multi-step syntheses, only the steps that employ metals in carbon-carbon bond formation are discussed and, whenever possible, the reaction conditions and yields are indicated on the reaction schemes.
Pharmacokinetics of MMB4 DMS in Rats, Rabbits, and Dogs Following a Single IV Administration (2013)

Organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents pose tremendous threats to both military and civilian populations. The substance 1,1'-methylenebis[4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-pyridinium] (MMB4) is being developed as a replacement for the currently fielded 2-pyridine aldoxime, or pralidoxime (2-PAM) as a treatment for OP nerve agent-induced toxicity. The present study characterized pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of MMB4 in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, New Zealand White rabbits, and beagle dogs given a single intravenous (IV) administration of MMB4 dimethanesulfonate (DMS) at 55, 25, and 15 mg/kg dose, respectively. The plasma MMB4 concentration versus time profiles were biphasic for all species tested and fit a 2-compartment model with first-order elimination. There were no overt sex-related differences in the calculated PK parameters. For the rat, rabbit, and dog, the average systemic exposure parameters predicted Cmax (µg/mL) and AUC∞ (µg·h/mL) were 273 and 71.0, 115 and 48.1, and 87.4 and 39.6; the average volume of distribution (mL/kg) values to the central and peripheral compartments were 207 and 143, 242 and 172, and 198 and 213; and the average elimination half-life (hour) and clearance (mL/h/kg) values were 0.18 and 778, 0.29 and 577, and 0.32 and 430, respectively, when the PK parameters for males and females were combined. The current study revealed a similarity in the volume of distribution to the central compartment for MMB4 among the 3 species tested while demonstrating species-related differences in the elimination half-life and clearance of MMB4.
Effect of defect states on photonic dispersion in colloidal crystals (2003)

Summary form only given. A colloidal crystal of submicron-sized polystyrene spheres in water may serve as a photonic crystal owing to the dielectric contrast between the constituent materials. Such photonic crystals exhibit strong attenuation in regions of the transmission spectrum (stop bands) arising from Bragg diffraction of light by the crystal planes. Stop bands in polystyrene colloidal crystals have been observed and studied extensively for both FCC and BCC crystal phases. Photonic crystals also modify the photonic dispersion relation near the stop band. In addition, defect states can be introduced into the stop band of a colloidal photonic crystal by substitutional doping with microspheres of different size or dielectric strength. We have significantly improved the Mach-Zehnder interferometer used in a previous dispersion study. We report the application of the improved instrument to the study of dispersion in a colloidal crystal with defect states present.
Superconducting films fabricated by high-fluence Ga implantation in Si (2011)

Ga-rich layers in Si were fabricated by 80 keV Ga implantation through a 30 nm SiO${}_{2}$ cover layer and subsequent rapid thermal annealing for 60 s in a temperature range between 500 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C and 1000 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. Fluences of 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10${}^{16}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and 4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10${}^{16}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, leading to Ga peak concentrations of 8 at. % and 16 at. %, are chosen. Residual damage in the implanted layers and the Ga distribution were investigated by Rutherford-backscattering spectrometry in combination with ion channeling, cross-sectional electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Temperature-dependent Hall-effect measurements were carried out in order to determine the electrical properties of the implanted layers. It is shown that annealing at temperatures up to 800 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C leads to the formation of polycrystalline layers containing random distributed amorphous clusters. At the Si/SiO${}_{2}$ interface a dense and narrow band of Ga-rich clusters is observed. For 4 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} 10${}^{16}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ the amount of mobile Ga is higher than for 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10${}^{16}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and an increase of the cluster density at the Si/SiO${}_{2}$ interface was found. Due to the higher cluster density for 4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10${}^{16}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ this interface layer can become superconducting below 7 K with critical fields exceeding 9 T at optimized annealing conditions. Critical currents are above 1 kA/cm${}^{2}$ and therefore this seems to be a possible material system for future microelectronic applications. After annealing at 900 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C and above, the implanted layers are single crystalline and no amorphous precipitates were detected.
Direct C-11 functionalisation of anatoxin-a. Application to the synthesis of new ligand-based structural probes (1997)

A variety of methods have been evaluated for the functionalisation of the C-11 methyl group of anatoxin-a. Reaction of N-Boc anatoxin-a 9 with PhI(OH)OTs (Koser’s reagent) represents the method of choice and gives the synthetically versatile α-tosyloxy ketone 10. This intermediate provides a convenient vehicle for the attachment of spacer units to C-11 via a thioether linkage which has been applied to the synthesis of the dansylated [N-(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthylsulfonyl)] anatoxin-a derivatives. Preliminary biological data relating to the α-thiomethyl anatoxin-a derivative 16 and the dansylated ligands, 25 and 26, are also reported.
Improved red dopants for organic electroluminescent devices (1998)

Abstract A t ‐butyl substituted red fluorescent dye, 4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐2‐ t‐butyl ‐6‐(1,1,7,7‐tetramethyljulolidyl‐9‐enyl)‐4 H ‐pyran (DCJTB), has been found to be an excellent dopant in AIQ 3 which produces a highly efficient organic EL device with improved red chromaticity. Unlike 4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐2‐ methyl ‐6‐(1,1,7,7‐tetramethyljulolidyl‐9‐enyl)‐4 H ‐pyran (DCJT), DCJTB can be synthesized in a pure form directly from the unsymmetrical 4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐2‐( t ‐butyl)‐6‐methyl‐4 H ‐pyran without the contamination of the non‐fluorescent bis ‐condensation byproduct which is prevalent in the DCJT preparation. Both photoluminescence and electroluminescence in the solid films of DCJTB in AlQ 3 are modestly enhanced by the extra t‐butyl substitution as a result of a reduction in the effect of concentration quenching. The operation stability of the DCJTB doped EL device is superior, having a half‐life of over 5,000 h driven at an initial brightness &gt; 400 cd/m 2 .
Loss- and gain-of-function mutations show a Polycomb group function for Ring1A in mice (2000)

The products of the Polycomb group (PcG) of genes act as transcriptional repressors involved in the maintenance of homeotic gene expression patterns throughout development, from flies to mice. Biochemical and molecular evidence suggests that the mouse Ring1A gene is a member of the PcG of genes. However, genetic evidence is needed to establish PcG function for Ring1A, since contrary to all other murine PcG genes, there is no known Drosophila PcG gene encoding a homolog of the Ring1A protein. To study Ring1A function we have generated a mouse line lacking Ring1A and mouse lines overexpressing Ring1A. Both Ring1A(-/-)and Ring1A(+/-) mice show anterior transformations and other abnormalities of the axial skeleton, which indicates an unusual sensitivity of axial skeleton patterning to Ring1A gene dosage. Ectopic expression of Ring1A also results in dose-dependent anterior transformations of vertebral identity, many of which, interestingly, are shared by Ring1A(-/-) mice. In contrast, the alterations of Hox gene expression observed in both type of mutant mice are subtle and involve a reduced number of Hox genes. Taken together, these results provide genetic evidence for a PcG function of the mouse Ring1A gene.
FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detection (2019)

We propose a fully convolutional one-stage object detector (FCOS) to solve object detection in a per-pixel prediction fashion, analogue to semantic segmentation. Almost all state-of-the-art object detectors such as RetinaNet, SSD, YOLOv3, and Faster R-CNN rely on pre-defined anchor boxes. In contrast, our proposed detector FCOS is anchor box free, as well as proposal free. By eliminating the predefined set of anchor boxes, FCOS completely avoids the complicated computation related to anchor boxes such as calculating overlapping during training. More importantly, we also avoid all hyper-parameters related to anchor boxes, which are often very sensitive to the final detection performance. With the only post-processing non-maximum suppression (NMS), FCOS with ResNeXt-64x4d-101 achieves 44.7% in AP with single-model and single-scale testing, surpassing previous one-stage detectors with the advantage of being much simpler. For the first time, we demonstrate a much simpler and flexible detection framework achieving improved detection accuracy. We hope that the proposed FCOS framework can serve as a simple and strong alternative for many other instance-level tasks. Code is available at:Code is available at: https://tinyurl.com/FCOSv1