gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Realization of a wide steering end-fire facet optical phased array using silicon rich silicon nitride (2022)

The design, fabrication, and characterization of a 16-element optical phased array (OPA) using a high index (n = 3.1) silicon rich silicon nitride (SRN) is demonstrated. We present one-dimensional beam steering with end-fire facet antennas over a wide steering range of &gt;115° at a fixed wavelength of 1525 nm. A spot size of 0.11° has been measured at boresight, consistent with theory. We demonstrate SRN as a viable material choice for chip-scale OPA applications due to its high thermo-optic coefficient, high optical power handling capacity due to negligible two-photon absorption (TPA), wide transparency window, low propagation loss, and CMOS compatibility.
Characterization of a Novel Drying Technology for Continuous Processing of Cohesive Materials: An Ibuprofen Case Study (2021)

This work addresses the influence of several process parameters on the performance of a novel drying device (patent NL2020740B1). In the new dryer, the processed substance is conveyed through the grooves of a large rotor via an interlocking screw design. A gentle, forced flow is created, preventing agglomeration and attrition and enabling a new technology of continuous drying for poorly flowing substances, which are often applied in the pharmaceutical industry. Drying test runs are performed using water-wetted ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor material flow properties. The substances were tested according to their size, shape, and flow properties prior to the test runs. The process parameters in question were the temperature, mass flow, air flow, rotational speed, and initial moisture. Additionally, test runs to estimate the drying mechanism and the long-term process behavior, as well as reprocessing tests of the substance ibuprofen, were executed. It was shown that the dryer’s performance for cohesive materials was optimal (continuous process times of up to 10 h were possible with evaporation rates up to 688 g/h). The process was robust, with a few drawbacks related to materials that are prone to tribocharging.
Process analysis in mandrel extrusion of special-shaped aluminum alloys profile (2013)

In order to reveal abnormal shaped aluminum alloy law of needle piercing extrusion formation, setting the missile empennage as an example, this paper adopts the non-linear finite element to conduct the three-dimensional thermal simulation of abnormal shaped material law of needle piercing extrusion formation process and analyses systematically the influence of process law on temperature change, additional tensile stress and forming load. The results show that, in the range of low-speed extrusion, the billet's highest peak temperature shows a decreasing trend, and with the extrusion speed increasing, the decrease of highest peak temperature decreases, while the axial extra tensile stress on the mouth of model increases accordingly; the axis part of the mold's mouth is a high-temperature zone in the forming process, and with the axis center distance increasing, the temperature decreases gradually; and with the pressing reduction's increase, the gradient of temperature decreasing trend slows down gradually. This provides a theoretical basis to technical design of abnormal shaped material needle piercing extrusion formation and the metal distortion flow control. K e y w o r d s : mandrel extrusion, aluminum alloys profile, coupled thermal
Light-Induced Oxidation-Reduction Reactions of Photosystem II in Dichlorophenyl-dimethyl Urea (DCM U) Inhibited Thylakoids (1990)

Abstract Illumination of thylakoid membranes in the presence of 3-(3′,4′-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU) causes the reduction of the primary quinone acceptor QA of photosystem II (PS II) and the storage of a positive charge on the donor side of the photochemical reaction center. These oxidation-reduction reactions are accompanied by characteristic changes of absorbance in the ultra-violet region of the spectrum. The PS II-related absorbance difference spectra (250 -350 nm) were compared in control and hydroxylamine-treated thylakoid membranes, and in thylakoids suspended in the presence of carbonyl cyanide-p-(trifluoromethoxy)- phenylhydrazone (FCCP). The light minus dark difference spectra were dominated by the Q - A minus Q A difference spectrum. Qualitatively, the three spectra were identical in the 300 - 350 nm region, however, they showed distinct differences in the 250 - 300 nm region. The latter arose because of different contributions from the donor side of PS II in the thylakoid membrane of the three samples. The result suggested that FCCP acts as the ultimate electron donor in DCMU - poisoned chloroplasts. Therefore, the absorbance difference spectrum in the presence of FCCP reflected a contribution from the Q - A minus Q A component only. Deconvolution of the absorbance difference spectra of control and hydroxylamine-treated thylakoids yielded difference spectra attributed to the oxidation of a component on the donor side of PS II. This component did not conform with the known Mn(III) → Mn(IV) transition. Rather, it indicated the oxidation of a modified form of Mn in the presence of DCMU , probably a Mn(II) → Mn(III) transition. The results are discussed in terms of the use of DCMU - poisoned thylakoid membranes in the quantitation of the primary quinone acceptor Q A by spectrophotometric approaches.
Vaginal microbiome community state types and high-risk human papillomaviruses in cervical precancer and cancer in North-central Nigeria (2023)

Vaginal microbiome CSTs were not significantly associated with HSIL/ICC. Our findings suggest however, that CST could be helpful in identifying women with HSIL/ICC and particularly those with HR-HPV. Characterization of CSTs using point-of-care molecular testing in women with HR-HPV should be studied as an approach to improve early detection and cervical cancer prevention. Future longitudinal research will improve our understanding of the temporal effect of non-optimal CST, HR-HPV, and other factors in cervical cancer development, prevention, and control.
Learning 3D Object Categories by Looking Around Them (2017)

Traditional approaches for learning 3D object categories use either synthetic data or manual supervision. In this paper, we propose a method which does not require manual annotations and is instead cued by observing objects from a moving vantage point. Our system builds on two innovations: a Siamese viewpoint factorization network that robustly aligns different videos together without explicitly comparing 3D shapes; and a 3D shape completion network that can extract the full shape of an object from partial observations. We also demonstrate the benefits of configuring networks to perform probabilistic predictions as well as of geometry-aware data augmentation schemes. We obtain state-of-the-art results on publicly-available benchmarks.
Backbone network architectures for IP optical networking (2000)

The unprecedented growth of Internet Protocol (IP) traffic is leading Internet Service Providers and network operators worldwide to investigate architectural alternatives for cost effective, reliable, scalable and flexible multi–terabit IP backbones. In this paper, several overlay, service and transport layer networking architectures, which employ IP, multiprotocol label switching, synchronous optical network/synchronous digital hierarchy and dense wavelength division multiplexing technologies, are proposed and analysed. Multiple parameters, such as network capacity, cost, restoration strategy, reconfigurability and accommodation of pre–emptable traffic, are considered for the architectural comparison. Detailed network design and economic analysis are provided for the different alternatives considering a typical nationwide US backbone with projected IP traffic in ca.3 years. Several sensitivity analysis results are also shown, to evaluate the effect of cost changes in some of the critical technological factors in these architectures, such as 10 Gb s-1 optics cost or IP router cost. The results show the value of transport layer networking architectures for multi-terabit IP backbones, and how, when compared with service layer architectures, they provide additional desirable features such as wavelength reconfigurability and restoration scalability.
pH-dependent coordination mode of new bleomycin synthetic analogs with copper(II), iron(II), and zinc(II). [Erratum to document cited in CA118(6):51167x] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticlepH-dependent coordination mode of new bleomycin synthetic analogs with copper(II), iron(II), and zinc(II). [Erratum to document cited in CA118(6):51167x]Eiichi Kimura, Hiromasa Kurosaki, Yasuhisa Kurogi, Mitsuhiko Shionoya, and Motoo ShiroCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 6, 1058Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00058a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00058a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neural-network-based inverse-scattering technique for online microwave medical imaging (2002)

In this paper, the application of radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) in inverse-scattering problems related to microwave medical imaging is proposed. The objective of the networks is to estimate the geometric and/or electromagnetic properties of tissues by processing the scattered-field measurements obtained during the illumination of the body by electromagnetic waves. The training of the RBFNNs is based on the orthogonal least-squares algorithm. This approach results in straightforward construction of the network, where both the size and the values of the free parameters of the network are obtained. The proposed methodology is applied to the estimation of the position and the size of proliferated marrow inside the bone of a limb. This application is closely related to the detection and monitoring of leukemia. Different measurement configurations are examined. The performance of the constructed networks in cases of noisy field measurements is also investigated.
Distortion of the Benzene Ring in 1,2,3-Trifluorobenzene; A High-Resolution Molecular Beam Fourier Transform Microwave Study (1996)

Abstract The results of a molecular beam microwave Fourier transform study of 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene and its monosubstituted 13 C-isotopomers, all observed in natural abundance, are presented. Typically 30 transitions were observed for each isotopomer. Centrifugal perturbation theory up to fourth order was used to analyse the observed rotational spectra. Due to the high sensitivity and resolution of the spectrometer, very accurate vibronic ground state rotational constants can be reported: They are used to derive a partial r 0 -structure. which shows the distortions of the benzene ring caused by fluorine substitution.
SharC (2008)

Unintended or unmediated data sharing is a frequent cause of insidious bugs in multithreaded programs. We present a tool called SharC (short for Sharing Checker ) that allows a user to write lightweight annotations to declare how they believe objects are being shared between threads in their program. SharC uses a combination of static and dynamic analyses to check that the program conforms to this specification. SharC allows any type to have one of five "sharing modes" -- private to the current thread, read-only, shared under the control of a specified lock, intentionally racy, or checked dynamically. The dynamic mode uses run-time checking to verify that objects are either read-only, or only accessed by one thread. This allows us to check programs that would be difficult to check with a purely static system. If the user does not give a type an explicit annotation, then SharC uses a static type-qualifier analysis to infer that it is either private or should be checked dynamically. SharC allows objects to move between different sharing modes at runtime by using reference counting to check that there are no other references to the objects when they change mode. SharC's baseline dynamic analysis can check any C program, but is slow, and will generate false warnings about intentional data sharing. As the user adds more annotations, false warnings are reduced, and performance improves.We have found in practice that very few annotations are needed to describe all sharing and give reasonable performance. We ran SharC on 6 legacy C programs, summing to over 600k lines of code, and found that a total of only 60 simple annotations were needed to remove all false positives and to reduce performance overhead to only 2-14%.
High-Purity Lineage Selection of Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Neurons (2005)

The derivation of somatic cell types from pluripotent and self-renewing embryonic stem (ES) cells offers attractive prospects for basic research, compound development, and regenerative medicine. A key prerequisite for biomedical applications of ES cells is the ability to differentiate and isolate defined somatic cell populations at high purity. In this study, we explore the potential of the Talpha1- enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene and polysialic acid (PSA)-neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) as lineage selection markers for the derivation of ES cell-derived neurons. Upon controlled in vitro differentiation, ES cells engineered to express EGFP under control of the Talpha1-tubulin promoter exhibited exclusive transgene expression in neurons. Similarly, PSA-NCAM expression during the early stages of ES cell differentiation was restricted to neuronal progeny. Talpha1- EGFP- and PSA-NCAM-positive neurons comprised both inhibitory and excitatory phenotypes. Compared to Talpha1-EGFP, the expression of PSA-NCAM was initiated at slightly earlier stages of neural differentiation. FACSorting of Talpha1-EGFP-positive cells and immunopanning of PSA-NCAMexpressing cells yielded neuronal populations at purities up to 99.6% and 96.9%, respectively. These findings depict Talpha1-EGFP and PSA-NCAM as suitable markers for high-purity selection of early ES cell-derived neurons.
Adherence to follow-up recommendations in asthma (2007)

A cross-sectional study showed that 130 out of 1758 (8%) primary school children without a previous asthma diagnosis had undiagnosed asthma. Thirty-eight per cent of their parents refused to visit a general practitioner for this disorder. Factors associated with the refusal were high maternal education, mild symptoms and absence of airway reversibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Ruthenium Catalysts for Alkyne Annulations with Oximes by C—H/N—O Functionalizations. (2013)

Abstract Ru 2 Cl 4 (p‐cymene) 2 and KPF 6 efficiently promote coupling of aromatic oximes with alkynes giving a number of isoquinolines in good to high yields.
Modelling the energetic performance of a pig stable (2022)

Agriculture and intensive farming are a large source of green house gas emissions. Since currently about 70% of its energy is coming from polluting fossil fuels, it is necessary to implement renewable technologies in stables, which is currently being investigated with the RES4LIVE project. Some of the possibilities are: photovoltaic and thermal solar panels, heat pumps, ventilation energy recovery, wind energy and manure energy recovery. To evaluate the extent to which these technologies can be used and combined, and to estimate the performance and cost, a thermal model is being developed. This numerical model (although not CFD) is currently focused on pig stables and takes different heat losses (through ventilation and through the building envelope) and heat gains (heating systems and heat generation by the animals) into account. The results are still preliminary, but the goal is to accurately determine the heating and cooling load of each zone in the stable. This will eventually allow to make a selection and sizing of the proper renewable technologies.
Can Toe-Walking Contribute to Stiff-Legged Gait? (2001)

This finding, which occurred when controlling for walking speed, may be clinically relevant for patients who have both a toe-walking and a stiff-legged gait pattern. Some of the reduced knee flexion in swing may be merely a consequence of toe-walking, rather than a result of other causes, such as intrinsic spasticity or abnormal muscle firing about the knee.
Dynamically reconfigurable devices used to implement a self-tuning, high performance PID controller (2003)

The implementation of an autotuning proportional-integral-differential (PID) digital controller using devices called logic cell arrays (LCAs) is described. The most significant difference with respect to conventional gate arrays is the fact that LCAs in the functions of the logic networks are defined by a configuration pattern stored in a RAM internal to the device itself. Thus, logic cell arrays require no custom factory fabrication; each device is identical until configured by the user. The PID autotuning method implemented in this system is briefly described and a detailed description of the PID prototype is given. The resulting prototype shows the possibility of implementing a low-cost control system where time-critical operations are performed by these reconfigurable devices, while supervising tasks are accomplished by traditional programmable logic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Water referencing for spectroscopic imaging (1989)

A water referencing algorithm for addressing the spectroscopic imaging problems of low SNR and main field inhomogeneities is proposed. Using the location of the water peak from each voxel and additional a priori information results in a parametric estimation problem. Optimum estimates of the desired metabolite concentration can then be computed and displayed in an image format. The algorithm is shown to be very stable in the presence of noise and is insensitive to Bo inhomogeneity. A detailed error analysis as well as extensions to the basic data model are also discussed. Results from both 1H and 31P experiments are presented to verify the predicted good performance even with extremely low signal-to-noise ratio data.
The emergence of distributed component platforms (1998)

Several vendors and consortia have independently developed standards that define the basic mechanics for building and interconnecting software components. Sun's JavaBeans has emerged as the leading rival to Microsoft's DCOM, supplanting the OpenDoc standard from the now defunct Component Integration Laboratories. Component software is moving from its original focus on desktop-bound compound documents to enterprise applications that include distributed server components. The backers of competing standards are racing to capture market leadership by delivering the tangible benefits of component standards via distributed component platforms-integrated development and runtime environments that isolate much of the conceptual and technical complexity involved in building component-based applications. With DCPs, businesses can assign their few highly skilled programmers to component construction and use less sophisticated developers to carry out the simpler assembly tasks. By making component standards available to the broadest possible spectrum of developers, DCPs essentially drive those standards to market. This article reviews the state of component software as embodied in DCPs. The two DCP market leaders are Microsoft's DCOM (or ActiveX/DCOM) and Sun's JavaBeans. However, Internet and OMG component standards are emerging that will likely impact both the content and status of these two DCPs. The article also discusses component frameworks, which extend DCPs to provide more complete application development solutions.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Batrachotoxinin A. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Overcoming “mindsets”: What corporations can learn from government intelligence failures (2000)

“Mindsets” have been a source of government intelligence policy failures for decades. Analytic means for overcoming mindsets also have been long known, but bureaucratic dynamics make them surprisingly difficult to implement. One of the most promising methods for overcoming mindsets—evidence-based multiple scenario analysis—is probably best implemented in a loosely structured, networked organization. Strategic planners and intelligence professionals, whose effectiveness depends on overcoming mindsets, face a particular challenge when they work in a bureaucratic or hierarchical setting. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Gene–environment interactions in genome‐wide association studies: current approaches and new directions (2013)

Although methods to investigate gene-environment interactions are available, there is a need for further development and extension of these methods to identify gene-environment interactions in the context of genome-wide association studies. These novel approaches need to be applied in studies of psychology and psychiatry.