gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blood at 70: its roots in the history of hematology and its birth (2015)

This year we celebrate Blood's 70th year of publication. Created from the partnership of the book publisher Henry M. Stratton and the prominent hematologist Dr William Dameshek of Tufts School of Medicine, Blood has published many papers describing major advances in the science and clinical practice of hematology. Blood's founding antedated that of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) by more than 11 years and Stratton and Dameshek helped galvanize support for the creation of ASH. In this review, I place the birth of Blood in the context of the history of hematology before 1946, emphasizing the American experience from which it emerged, and focusing on research conducted during World War II. I also provide a few milestones along Blood's 70 years of publication, including: the growth in Blood's publications, the evolution of its appearance, the countries of submission of Blood papers, current subscriptions to Blood, and the evolution of topics reported in Blood's papers. The latter provides a snapshot of the evolution of hematology as a scientific and clinical discipline and the introduction of new technology to study blood and bone marrow. Detailed descriptions of the landmark discoveries reported in Blood will appear in later papers celebrating Blood's birthday authored by past Editors-in-Chief.
Topical or Systemic 16,16 Dm Prostaglandin E2or WR-2721 (WR-1065) Protects Mice from Alopecia after Fractionated Irradiation (1992)

Our previous studies in mice demonstrated that systemic or topical 16,16 dm PGE2 protected against single dose radiation-induced hair loss. We have now investigated prostaglandin, or WR-2721, protection against murine alopecia produced by varying doses and schedules of fractionated radiation. On days one to eight after hair was plucked from the thighs of B6D2F1 mice, groups of 6 animals each were given daily exposures of 4.0 or 4.5 Gy for 5 days; 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 or 5.5 Gy for 10 days; or 2 Gy for 15 days. One hour before irradiation each mouse received 10 microgram 16,16 dm PGE2, either by subcutaneous injection into the neck or topical application, 8 mg WR-2721 by injection, or 0.3 mg WR-1065 by topical application. Three weeks later counts of regrowing hairs were recorded from excised skin samples. For the radioprotectors used, hair regrowth was increased 25-100% in the various radiation groups in comparison to irradiated-only control sites. In some studies with the radioprotector given systemically, WR-2721 afforded slightly greater radioprotection than 16,16 dm PGE2. The two compounds were essentially equally radioprotective in the topical application studies. Since both systemic and topical applications of the agents tested enhanced hair regrowth following radiation, we conclude that clinical use of these compounds may provide some protection of hair follicles, and perhaps other tissues, lying within a radiation therapy field.
Clinical impact of whole-genome sequencing in patients with early-onset dementia (2022)

WGS acts as a single genetic test to identify different types of clinically relevant genetic variations in patients with EOD. WGS, if used as a first-line clinical diagnostic test, has the potential to increase the diagnostic yield and reduce time to diagnosis for EOD.
Adaptive Methods to Minimize Decompression Overhead for Compressed On-Chip Caches (2003)

AbstractDecompression time is the largest overhead in online compression techniques, and may offset any benefit obtained by compression. This article presents the upper bounds of decompression overhead required to achieve performance improvement in compressed memory systems and proposes several effective techniques for reducing or hiding decompression overhead. These techniques include selective compression, the choice of X-RL algorithm, early restarting, overlapped decompression, and use of a decompression buffer. Moreover. the conceptual architecture of a compressed memory system using the proposed techniques is suggested. These techniques are evaluated via simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed techniques can sufficiently reduce the decompression overhead to attain performance improvement against conventional memory systems.Key Words: Data compressioncompression algorithmcompressed memory systemmemory performance evaluation Additional informationNotes on contributorsJ.-S. LeeJang-Soo Lee received his Bachelor's degree in Computer Science and Engineering from the Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, in 1.994, and the Master's degree in Computer Science from the Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, in 1998. He is currently a Ph.D. student in Computer Science at the Yonsei University. His research interests include advanced memory system design, performance evaluation, and processor and memory integrated architectures.W.-K. HongWon-Kee Hong received the Bachelor's and Master's degree, in Computer Science from the Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, in 1995 and 1997, respectively. He is currently a Ph.D. student in Computer Science at the Yonsei University. His research interests include VXIW architecture and compiler, memory system design, Wb parallel and distributed systems, and performance evaluation.S.-D. KimShin-Dug Kim received the Bachelor's degree in Electronic Engineering from the Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, in 1982, and the Master's degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Oklahoma in 1987. In 1991, he received the Ph.D. degree from the School of Computer and Electrical Engineering at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. He is currently a Professor in Computer Science at the Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. His research interests include advanced computer architectures, parallel processing systems, memory system design, and agent-based Internet computing. He is a member of the IEEE Computer Society.
Defence Applications of Agent-Based Information Fusion (2010)

Journal Article Defence Applications of Agent-Based Information Fusion Get access David Nicholson David Nicholson * BAE Systems, Advanced Technology Centre, Sowerby Building 2OR, Filton, Bristol BS34 7QW, UK *Corresponding author: david.nicholson2@baesystems.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 54, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 263–273, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxq045 Published: 19 May 2010 Article history Received: 04 January 2010 Revision received: 23 March 2010 Published: 19 May 2010
Detection of multi-resistant clinical strains of E. coli with Raman spectroscopy (2022)

In recent years, we have seen a steady rise in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This creates many challenges in treating patients who carry these infections, as well as stopping and preventing outbreaks. Identifying these resistant bacteria is critical for treatment decisions and epidemiological studies. However, current methods for identification of resistance either require long cultivation steps or expensive reagents. Raman spectroscopy has been shown in the past to enable the rapid identification of bacterial strains from single cells and cultures. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was applied for the differentiation of resistant and sensitive strains of Escherichia coli. Our focus was on clinical multi-resistant (extended-spectrum β-lactam and carbapenem-resistant) bacteria from hospital patients. The spectra were collected using both UV resonance Raman spectroscopy in bulk and single-cell Raman microspectroscopy, without exposure to antibiotics. We found resistant strains have a higher nucleic acid/protein ratio, and used the spectra to train a machine learning model that differentiates resistant and sensitive strains. In addition, we applied a majority of voting system to both improve the accuracy of our models and make them more applicable for a clinical setting. This method could allow rapid and accurate identification of antibiotic resistant bacteria, and thus improve public health.
Impact of the Synergistic Collaboration of Oligothiophene Bridges and Ruthenium Complexes on the Optical Properties of Dumbbell‐Shaped Compounds (2012)

The linear and non-linear optical properties of a family of dumbbell-shaped dinuclear complexes, in which an oligothiophene chain with various numbers of rings (1, 3, and 6) acts as a bridge between two homoleptic tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes, have been fully investigated by using a range of spectroscopic techniques (absorption and luminescence, transient absorption, Raman, and non-linear absorption), together with density functional theory calculations. Our results shed light on the impact of the synergistic collaboration between the electronic structures of the two chemical moieties on the optical properties of these materials. Experiments on the linear optical properties of these compounds indicated that the length of the oligothiophene bridge was critical for luminescent behavior. Indeed, no emission was detected for compounds with long oligothiophene bridges (compounds 3 and 4, with 3 and 6 thiophene rings, respectively), owing to the presence of the (3)π-π* state of the conjugated bridge below the (3)MLCT-emitting states of the end-capping Ru(II) complexes. In contrast, the compound with the shortest bridge (2, one thiophene ring) shows excellent photophysical features. Non-linear optical experiments showed that the investigated compounds were strong non-linear absorbers in wide energy ranges. Indeed, their non-linear absorption was augmented upon increasing the length of the oligothiophene bridge. In particular, the compound with the longest oligothiophene bridge not only showed strong two-photon absorption (TPA) but also noteworthy three-photon-absorption behavior, with a cross-section value of 4×10(-78) cm(6) s(2) at 1450 nm. This characteristic was complemented by the strong excited-state absorption (ESA) that was observed for compounds 3 and 4. As a matter of fact, the overlap between the non-linear absorption and ESA establishes compounds 3 and 4 as good candidates for optical-power-limiting applications.
Technique for efficient information retrieval in outpatient systems. (1997)

In the era of managed care, quality of medical care standards continue to materialize. Most of these standards have long, cumbersome, and complex rules. In light of such problematic rules, efficient ways of retrieving information for a computerized score card are needed. A technique for making such rules less difficult to use is to create Boolean expressions for each quality of care indicator. These Boolean expressions partition the indicators into key words and phrases so that information can be retrieved readily from a system. This study incorporates an outpatient clinical information system of a major university hospital. The technique used to retrieve information and related issues are discussed in the following text.
Zeolite Slurry Analysis Using Freon-Assisted Graphite Furnace Vaporization for Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (1995)

Halogen-assisted electrothermal vaporization (ETV) was used as a sample introduction mechanism for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Freon-12™ was used as a gas-phase halogenation reagent in the ETV graphite furnace to enhance vaporization of carbide-forming elements by converting them into metal halides. With Freon ETV, detection levels for Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, V, Cu, Ti, and Ca were lower than those obtained with conventional nebulization of liquid standards. A zeolite sample was analyzed for the refractory elements chromium and vanadium. Without Freon, the signals for these elements were very low; however, with Freon, the signals were dramatically improved. Detection limits of 1.4 μg/g and 0.3 μg/g, respectively, were obtained for these elements. A sheathing and cooling gas flow was introduced to reduce analyte vapor condensation on tubing walls and to promote aggregate formation. This additional flow enhanced the quality of signal with the zeolite but proved to be detrimental for the determination of refractory elements in liquid standards with or without halogenation. The precision of determination for the zeolite sample varied from 3% for cadmium, to 6% for lead.
A Novel Model of Metastatic Conjunctival Melanoma in Immune-Competent Mice (2015)

This CM model in immune-competent animals offers new possibilities to study the pathobiology of tumor growth, invasion, and mechanisms of metastatic tumor spread, and provides a robust model to explore new immune-based and antilymphangiogenic treatment modalities of this malignancy.
Description of Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest within 24 Hours of EMS Transport Refusal. (2023)

Introduction: Patients refusing transportation is common EMS practice with potentially fatal outcomes. Determining which patients are at high risk for poor outcomes is poorly defined. This study described patients who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) within 24 hours of refusing transportation. Method: This is a retrospective, descriptive study of patients who had an OHCA within 24 hours of refusing EMS transportation between 2019 to 2021. Data was obtained from a large, urban medical control authority seeing 175,000 EMS calls annually. We reviewed patient demographics, EMS events when transportation was refused, and cardiac arrest outcome. Results: There were 6, 30, and 28 EMS refusals resulting in OHCA in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Patients who had OHCA were 65.7 (range 28-103) years old, and African American (54/64). Patients had HTN (36/64), diabetes (19/64), COPD (11/64), and CHF (7/64). Common complaints included breathing problems (17/64), near syncope (8/64) however chest pain was uncommon (4/64). One (28/64) or two (13/64) abnormal vital signs were present and missing vital signs (28/64) were common. Tachycardia (32.8%, 21/64), HTN (29.7%, 19/64), and hypotension (17.2%, 11/64) were more prevalent in the OHCA population compared to all refusal patients (Tachycardia 0.33% [1,978/598,416], HTN 2.27% [13,601/598,416], and hypotension 0.04% [218/598,416]). Patients were seen by both ALS (29/64) and BLS (35/64) providers. Most providers documented risk including death (38/64) though few contacted medical control (14/64). Return encounter for OHCA resulted in obvious deaths (23/64) or field termination (20/64). Few patients achieved ROSC (7/64). Conclusion: Patients who had an OHCA within 24 hours of refusing transport had underlying comorbidities and abnormal or missing vital signs. The patients experienced tachycardia, hypertension, and hypotension at a higher rate than the overall refusal population. Few patients obtained ROSC. Further research is needed to determine methods to mitigate poor outcomes and decrease refusals.
Early diagnosis of dementia. (2001)

Until recently, the most significant issue facing a family physician regarding the diagnosis and treatment of dementia was ruling out delirium and potentially treatable etiologies. However, as more treatment options become available, it will become increasingly important to diagnose dementia early. Dementia may be suspected if memory deficits are exhibited during the medical history and physical examination. Information from the patient's family members, friends and caregivers may also point to signs of dementia. Distinguishing among age-related cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease may be difficult and requires evaluation of cognitive and functional status. Careful medical evaluation to exclude treatable causes of cognitive impairment is important. Patients with early dementia may benefit from formal neuropsychologic testing to aid in medical and social decision-making. Follow-up by the patient's family physician is appropriate in most patients. However, a subspecialist may be helpful in the diagnosis and management of patients with dementia with an unusual presentation or following an atypical course.
A wearable sensing framework for improving personal and oral hygiene for people with developmental disabilities (2016)

People with developmental disabilities often face difficulties in coping with daily activities and many require constant support. One of the major health issues for people with developmental disabilities is personal hygiene. Many lack the ability, poor memory or lack of attention to carry out normal daily activities like brushing teeth and washing hands. Poor personal hygiene may result in increased susceptibility to infection and other health issues. To enable independent living and improve the quality of care for people with developmental abilities, this paper proposes a new wearable sensing framework to monitoring personal hygiene. Based on a smartwatch, this framework is designed as a pervasive monitoring and learning tool to provide detailed evaluation and feedback to the user on hand washing and tooth brushing. A preliminary study was conducted to assess the performance of the approach, and the results showed the reliability and robustness of the framework in quantifying and assessing hand washing and tooth brushing activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of the Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Diazeniumdiolate (“Nitrosohydroxylamine”) Functional Group and Its Oxygen‐Substituted Derivatives (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Feasibility Study of a Direct Endo-Aortic Clamp Balloon (2007)

We have developed a new end-aortic clamp balloon catheter intended to be inserted directly into, thereby occluding, the ascending aorta. We examined the performance of this catheter in a canine model. We evaluated the extent of migration tolerance of the catheter under cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion in 12 mongrel dogs, weighing 20 kg, under general anesthesia. After institution of cardiopulmonary bypass, this catheter was inserted into the ascending aorta, and the balloon was inflated to occlude the ascending aorta. After the canine heart was arrested following the administration of cardioplegic solution, balloon migration was examined over a period of 3 hours, with hourly increases in perfusion pressure from 50 mm Hg to 80 mm Hg and finally to 100 mm Hg. After the migration test, ascending aortic wall sections, where the balloon was inflated, were examined microscopically. At internal balloon pressure of 300 to 400 mm Hg, migration occurred at perfusion pressure of > or =90 to 100 mm Hg. No histological differences were observed with use of the balloon catheter, compared with an extra-aortic clamp forceps. Based on these results, this device is safe, feasible, and can adequately occlude the ascending aorta during cardiopulmonary bypass. We conclude that this device is effective in patients weighing 20 kg.
The effect of fibre length and matrix modification on the fire performance of thermoplastic composites: The behaviour of PP as an example of non-charring matrix (2020)

The fire performance of fibre-reinforced polypropylene (PP) was investigated with respect to fibre length and modification of the matrix. Fibre lengths of 3 mm, 12 mm, and continuous fibres were used as reinforcements. E-glass continuous fabrics were melt impregnated with PP and consolidated via compression moulding. E-glass fibre-reinforced PP pellets of 3 and 12 mm were compression moulded. Cone calorimetry tests with incident radiant fluxes of 20, 30 and 35 kW m −2 were used to investigate the fire properties of PP glass fibre composites. Results showed that continuous glass fibre reinforced PP exhibits the best fire performance at 20 kW m −2 , while 3-mm fibre has the best performance at 35 kW m −2 ; 12-mm fibre-reinforced PP exhibitedthe lowest performance in comparison with 3-mm and continuous glass fibre reinforcement. Melic-anhydride (MA)-modified PP was found to increase the heat release rate (HRR) by up to 44% and time to ignition by up to 10% depending on the heat flux applied in comparison with unmodified PP. The glass fibre-reinforced composite made with MA-modified PP has 5–12% lower mean HRR and similar time to ignition in comparison with glass fibre composite made by unmodified PP. This suggests improved fibre adhesion plays a role of the fire performance of glass fibre-reinforced PP.
Use of an automatic DNA sequencer for S1 mapping: transcriptional analysis of the Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) dnaK operon (2006)

The transcription start point of the dnaK operon of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been determined by S1 mapping, using the EMBL automated fluorescent DNA sequencer. The -35 and -10 hexamers correspond to a sigma 70-type promoter. This promoter responds to heat shock and involves an inverted repeat different from the CIRCE sequence characteristic of the Gram-positive heat-shock promoters.
Experimental and Computational Study of Novel Tip Leakage Mitigation Methods for High Pressure Turbine Blades (2015)

This paper presents computational and experimental study of a possible approach to reduce tip leakage losses. The study was conducted on the EEE (Energy Efficient Engine) HPT (High Pressure Turbine) rotor tip geometry. The CFD was done utilizing the commercial numerical solver ANSYS FLUENT. The experimental work was conducted in a low speed wind tunnel with linear cascade at the USNA (for Re = 30,000) and the NASA Transonic Turbine Blade Cascade facility at the NASA John H. Glenn Research Center for Re of 85,000 to 683,000 at two isentropic exit Mach numbers of 0.74 and 0.34 were reported. The overall scope of this study is to investigate how the tip leakage and overall blade losses are affected by injection from the tip surface at the camber line, and the jet blowing ratio. The results identify areas where future investigation can be explored in order to achieve higher performance of the high pressure turbines.
High temporal resolution estimates of Arctic snowfall rates emphasizing gauge and radar-based retrievals from the MOSAiC expedition (2022)

This article presents the results of snowfall rate and accumulation estimates from a vertically pointing 35-GHz radar and other sensors deployed during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. The radar-based retrievals are the most consistent in terms of data availability and are largely immune to blowing snow. The total liquid-equivalent accumulation during the snow accumulation season is around 110 mm, with more abundant precipitation during spring months. About half of the total accumulation came from weak snowfall with rates less than approximately 0.2 mmh–1. The total snowfall estimates from a Vaisala optical sensor aboard the icebreaker are similar to those from radar retrievals, though their daily and monthly accumulations and instantaneous rates varied significantly. Compared to radar retrievals and the icebreaker optical sensor data, measurements from an identical optical sensor at an ice camp are biased high. Blowing snow effects, in part, explain differences. Weighing gauge measurements significantly overestimate snowfall during February–April 2020 as compared to other sensors and are not well suited for estimating instantaneous snowfall rates. The icebreaker optical disdrometer estimates of snowfall rates are, on average, relatively little biased compared to radar retrievals when raw particle counts are available and appropriate snowflake mass-size relations are used. These counts, however, are not available during periods that produced more than a third of the total snowfall. While there are uncertainties in the radar-based retrievals due to the choice of reflectivity-snowfall rate relations, the major error contributor is the uncertainty in the radar absolute calibration. The MOSAiC radar calibration is evaluated using comparisons with other radars and liquid water cloud–drizzle processes observed during summer. Overall, this study describes a consistent, radar-based snowfall rate product for MOSAiC that provides significant insight into Central Arctic snowfall and can be used for many other purposes.