gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards the prevention of pressure ulcers with a wearable patient posture monitor based on adaptive accelerometer alignment (2012)

Pressure ulcers are a serious problem affecting over a million patients every year. Despite accepted guidelines for assessing and repositioning high-risk patients, the prevalence of pressure ulcers continues to rise. This paper presents a wearable, wireless vital sign monitor capable of continuously measuring the duration and orientation of a patient's posture throughout the patient's stay in a hospital. Patient posture is determined using a tri-axial accelerometer attached to a patient's torso. A novel set of algorithms are used to process the accelerometer signals to adaptively identify accelerometer alignment on the patient, calculate patient spine angle, and classify patient orientation. A unique pressure ulcer risk index based on these variables is presented to assess a patient's risk for developing pressure ulcers. Experimental results from an 18 subject trial are also presented.
The effect of (NH4)2Sx passivation on the (311)A GaAs surface and its use in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure devices (2012)

We have studied the efficacy of (NH4)2Sx surface passivation on the (311)A GaAs surface. We report XPS studies of simultaneously-grown (311)A and (100) heterostructures showing that the (NH4)2Sx solution removes surface oxide and sulfidizes both surfaces. Passivation is often characterized using photoluminescence measurements, we show that while (NH4)2Sx treatment gives a 40 - 60 x increase in photoluminescence intensity for the (100) surface, an increase of only 2 - 3 x is obtained for the (311)A surface. A corresponding lack of reproducible improvement in the gate hysteresis of (311)A heterostructure transistor devices made with the passivation treatment performed immediately prior to gate deposition is also found. We discuss possible reasons why sulfur passivation is ineffective for (311)A GaAs, and propose alternative strategies for passivation of this surface.
Interwoven spiral arrays on ferrite-dielectric substrates for high-impedance metasurfaces (2014)

A high impedance metasurface (HIMS) composed of the arrays of intertwined planar spirals on thin (~0.1λ) ferrite-dielectric substrate is proposed. The HIMS exhibits fractional bandwidth in excess of 10% and excellent angular and polarisation stability of the circular polarised waves at oblique incidence.
Higher order correction of electrostatic pressure and its influence on the pull-in behavior of microstructures (2006)

In close gap electrostatic microactuators modeling, distributed forces are commonly approximated using a parallel capacitor formula, adequate when the distance between electrodes is much smaller than their length. In the present work, using the perturbation theory, we develop simple expressions for electrostatic pressure with higher order corrections, mainly related to the curvature and slope of the electrode. These approximate expressions are validated through a comparison with analytical solutions for simple geometries as well as numerical results. The influence of the higher order correction on the pull-in behavior is illustrated for a large deflection model of a one-dimensional membrane (string), subjected to electrostatic and uniform mechanical pressure. An analytical solution is built and compared with the numerical solution obtained by the collocation method. The initial curvature of the string has a strong influence on the pull-in behavior. In the case of the nonlinear deflection-dependent tensile force, string bistability is possible.
Domain processes and high frequency permeability of laminated Co/sub 91/Nb/sub 6/Zr/sub 3//SiO/sub 2/ narrow strips (1997)

High resolution and real time domain images and magnetisation reversal processes were observed by Lorentz Microscopy with in-situ applied magnetic fields for patterned narrow strips of single layer and double layer CoNbZr films. Results were compared with the initial high frequency permeability measurement of the narrow strips. It was revealed that the domain structures and magnetisation reversal processes were distinctively different at the edge and at the central part of wide strips. The size of the edge domains was typically 3/spl sim/4 /spl mu/m-wide. Double walls were observed in dual-layer strips indicating some magnetostatic coupling between sublayers. The easy-axis state was sustained by double layer lamination for 3 /spl mu/m-wide strips. Distinct magnetisation reversal processes and domain structures were observed for single layer and double layer narrow strips.
A Target Wake Time Scheduling Scheme for Uplink Multiuser Transmission in IEEE 802.11ax-Based Next Generation WLANs (2019)

IEEE 802.11ax Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) introduce Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) physical layer technology to improve throughput in dense scenarios. In order to save power of battery operated stations (STAs), a novel broadcast Target Wake Time (TWT) operation for negotiating wake time between an access point (AP) and a group of STAs is also proposed by making full use of the new capability of uplink OFDMA-based multiuser transmissions. However, if the wake time of each STA which is determined by the offset and wake interval (listen interval) is not properly scheduled, deteriorated throughput and high power consumption occur because of collisions. In this paper, we take the advantage of uplink multiuser transmission with the novel TWT scheduling to maximize throughput. We first investigate the fundamental relationship between throughput and energy efficiency with several key aspects, such as the number of simultaneously active STAs, the number of eligible random access resource units, and the contention window size. We further derive the formulations of throughput and energy efficiency on the listen interval of each STA. Based on the relationship, a TWT-based sleep/wake-up scheduling scheme (TSS) is proposed to improve the throughput by reducing or even cancelling collisions. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness in terms of average throughput and energy efficiency. The TSS also makes a practical step towards a collision-free and deterministic access in future WLANs when cooperating with TWT service period scheduling.
Prognostic Indicators of Tumor Response to <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> Cowan Strain I Plasma Perfusion<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1983)

Ten tumor-bearing dogs were treated with passage of autologous plasma over fixed Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I. Five similar dogs were treated identically except for the exposure to S. aureus. These animals have been assessed to identify positive and negative prognostic variables for response. Nonresponder treated animals had significantly larger chest wall tumor bulk than did the responder and control groups (P less than .01). Responder animals had fewer initial circulating immune complexes than did the nonresponders, though each group had similar reductions in immune complexes with therapy. Nonresponder animals had smaller volumes of plasma processed per kilogram of body weight per procedure than did controls (P = .016), whereas responder and control animals had similar volumes processed per kilogram of body weight per procedure (P = .84). These data suggest that the response observed in our original series was significantly related to the larger amount of plasma treated per procedure and suggest that a factor may be eluted from the S. aureus cartridge that mediates this response.
MAJOR (2009)

The use of low-level techniques, such as bytecode instrumentation to develop tools for profiling, debugging, testing, and reverse engineering is error-prone, time-consuming, and therefore costly. As a solution to these problems, we promote high-level aspect-oriented programming for rapid tool development so as to hide low-level instrumentation details from the developer. We show that our aspect-based approach yields concise tools that are easy to develop and extend, hence reducing development and testing costs. As enabling technology, we rely on MAJOR, a new tool for comprehensive aspect weaving, which ensures that aspects are woven into all methods executing in a Java Virtual Machine (after an initial bootstrapping phase), including methods in the standard Java class library. MAJOR also supports efficient access to a complete and customizable calling context representation thanks to the pluggable module CARAJillo. Both comprehensive aspect weaving and efficient access to calling context information are of paramount importance in the aforementioned domains.
Investigation of Absolute Photonic Band Gaps in Two-dimensional Dielectric Structures (1994)

Abstract We examine the photonic band structure of two-dimensional (2D) arrays of dielectric holes using the coherent microwave transient spectroscopy (COMITS) technique. Such 2D hole arrays are constructed by embedding low-index rods (air) in a dielectric background of higher-index Stycast material (n = 3·60). The dispersion relation for electromagnetic wave propagation in these photonic crystals is directly determined using the phase sensitivity of COMITS. We find that both the square and triangular lattice structures exhibit photonic band gaps that are common to both polarizations for all wave-vectors along major symmetry axes. In addition, the connectivity of the high-index dielectric and the opening of a large gap for propagation with E field perpendicular to the hole cylinders are found to be important criteria for generating a large absolute photonic band gap.
Oxytocin‐induced contractions within rat and rabbit ejaculatory tissues are mediated by vasopressin V1Areceptors and not oxytocin receptors (2008)

The contractile effect of oxytocin on rat and rabbit ejaculatory and erectile tissues is mediated via V1A receptors. Endothelin-1-induced contractions are not due to endogenous oxytocin or AVP release. V1A receptor antagonists may have a therapeutic role in both erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation.
The effect of docosahexaenoic acid moiety on the cytotoxic activity of 1,2,4-thiadiazole derivatives (2014)

Among 3-(2-aminopropyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole derivatives containing substitutable secondary amino group and exhibiting cytotoxic activity towards rat C6 glioma cells three compounds with LD50 values ranged from 6 to 48 μM have been chosen. For these compounds amides with docosahexaenoic acid were synthesized and their cytotoxic activity was studied. It was shown that, although docosahexaenoic acid itself was not toxic for C6 glioma cells, its addition to the amino derivatives of 1,2,4-thiadiazole increased or decreased their cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate that acylation of cytotoxic compounds with docosahexaenoic acid does not necessarily lead to the increase of their activity and sometimes can inactivate a parent compound. This fact should be taken into consideration because of possibility of biological attachment of docosahexaenoic acid to the amino group of anti-cancer drugs.
Magnesium-gold binary alloy for organic light-emitting diodes with high corrosion resistance (2016)

The authors demonstrate a simple approach to obtain cathodes that have a high resistance against corrosion by water and oxygen and an air-stable work-function of −3.7 eV by doping 10 at. % of gold (Au) into a magnesium (Mg) base metal layer. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with the Mg-Au cathodes achieved electroluminescence characteristics that are comparable to those of devices with conventional cathodes such as aluminum (Al) and Mg-silver (Ag). Although OLEDs with Al or Mg-Ag cathodes exhibited a significant reduction of their emissive area when operated in air, the emissive area of the OLEDs with Mg-Au cathodes decreased only 10% after 10 days of operation in ambient air without any specific encapsulation. These results suggest that Mg-Au cathodes can loosen the strict requirements for encapsulation, reducing the number of process steps and cost of OLED fabrication.
<title>Design of subwavelength diffractive optical elements using a hybrid finite element-boundary element method</title> (1996)

We present an algorithm for the design of 1D binary-phase subwavelength lenses that uses a hybrid finite element-boundary element method to model vector diffraction and a simulated quenching routine to perform the optimization. The hybrid method offers several advantages over other analysis techniques in terms of both computational efficiency and storage requirements. To facilitate the rapid convergence of the design, we use two subwavelength lenses, which we designed based on scalar techniques, as initial inputs to the algorithm. The designs produced by both lenses are presented.
Proinsulin-Transferrin Fusion Protein as a Novel Long-Acting Insulin Analog for the Inhibition of Hepatic Glucose Production (2013)

Proinsulin-transferrin (ProINS-Tf) fusion protein was evaluated for its in vivo pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and mechanism. Our previous studies have shown that ProINS-Tf was converted to active insulin-transferrin (INS-Tf) via the transferrin (Tf)-receptor-mediated pathway in hepatoma cells. We hypothesized that this fusion protein can be administered as a prodrug and be converted to a biologically active protein with specificity for the liver versus other insulin (INS)-sensitive tissues (muscle and adipose). Administration as an inactive prodrug with liver-specific action compared with other INS-sensitive tissues conceivably reduces negative side effects seen with other INS analogs. In this report, the data show that ProINS-Tf exhibited a slow, but sustained, in vivo hypoglycemic efficacy and long plasma half-life. The fusion protein showed activity in the liver, as evidenced by decreased expression of two key hepatic glucose production (HGP) enzymes, PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase, and increased glycogen levels under feeding conditions. Furthermore, the INS receptor (IR) phosphorylation (activation) in liver and muscle tissues was compared with postinjection of INS or ProINS-Tf. While INS activated IR in both the liver and muscle, ProINS-Tf only showed activation in the liver. Thus, ProINS-Tf fusion protein can potentially be administered as a prodrug with sustained Tf-mediated activation and selectivity in inhibiting HGP.
Optimization of whole-genome sequencing of Plasmodium falciparum from low-density dried blood spot samples (2021)

Overall, Tween-Chelex extracted samples that were treated with McrBC digestion and are amplified using 6A10AD sWGA conditions had minimal dropout rate, higher percentages of coverage at higher depth, and more accurate SNP concordance than QiaAMP extracted samples. These findings extend the results of previously reported methods, making whole genome sequencing accessible to a larger number of low density samples that are commonly encountered in cross-sectional surveys.
Sleeping Experts and Bandits with Stochastic Action Availability and Adversarial Rewards (2009)

We consider the problem of selecting actions in order to maximize rewards chosen by an adversary, where the set of actions available on any given round is selected stochastically. We present the first polynomial-time no-regret algorithm for this setting. In the full-observation (experts) version of the problem, we present an exponential-weights algorithm that achieves regret O ( √ T log n), which is the best possible. For the bandit setting (where the algorithm only observes the reward of the action selected), we present a no-regret algorithm based on follow-theperturbed-leader. This algorithm runs in polynomial time, unlike the EXP4 algorithm which can also be applied to this setting. Our algorithm has the interesting interpretation of solving a geometric experts problem where the actual embedding is never explicitly constructed. We argue that this adversarialreward, stochastic-availability formulation is important in practice, as assuming stationary stochastic rewards is unrealistic in many domains. 1
Cytogenetic studies on seventeen spider species from Israel (1997)

Summary Karyotypes are reported for 17 spider species in six families from Israel. Chromosome counts (2n) for males are as follows: Salticidae — Philaeus chrysops, Euophrys pseudogambosa, Evarcha patagiata, Menemerus semilimbatus, 28; Menemerus illigeri, 14; Aelurillus politiventris, 21; Lycosidae — Alopecosa albofasciata, 28; Evippa praelongipes, 26; Lycosa nordmanni, 22; Gnaphosidae — Nomisia ripariensis, Pterotricha dalmasi, P. procera, Haplodrassus signifer, 22; Miturgidae — Prochora lycosiformis, 24; Philodromidae — Thanatus meronensis, Philodromus aureolus, 28; Thomisidae — Heriaeus setiger, 23. Some peculiarities were found: (a) extremely low chromosome count (2n=12+XX) and metacentric chromosomes in Menemerus illigeri, (b) the presence of a heteromorphic bivalent composed of both metacentric and acrocentric elements in a karyotype of Evippa praelongipes, (c) heterozygosity for secondary constriction in a male of Haplodrassus signifer. C-staining revealed minute centromeric blocks of heterochromatin in Alopecosa albofasciata.
A Review of Improvements in Power System Flexibility: Implementation, Operation and Economics (2022)

This study presents a literature review on the concept of power system flexibility in terms of its definition, indices, algorithms, implementation, economic impacts, operational impacts, and security. Although there are tremendous reviews on this subject in the literature, each paper discusses specific aspects of flexibility. Moreover, the literature is devoid of a comprehensive review of the latest improvements in terms of implementation, operation, and economics, which are addressed by the collections presented in this study. This paper, therefore, surveys some improvements that have been made in recent decades. Furthermore, we highlight the impact of the high penetration of renewable energy and energy storage systems towards enhancing the improvement of power system flexibility.
Potent vasorelaxant activity of the TMEM16A inhibitor T16A inh ‐A01 (2012)

T16A(inh) -A01 blocks calcium-activated chloride channels in vascular smooth muscle cells and relaxes murine and human blood vessels.
The CUG Initiation Codon Is Decoded as Leucine Independent of RNA Sequence (2015)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;(A) The indicated synthetic peptides mixed with extracts from untransfected COS-7 cells were separated by RP-HPLC. Each fraction was tested for BCZ103 T cell-stimulating activity with K&lt;sup&gt;b+&lt;/sup&gt;B7.2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; L cells as APCs. After overnight incubation, the β-galactosidase induced in activated T cells was measured using the substrate chlorophenol red-β-pyranoside, which yields a colored product with absorbance at 595 nm. The arrows indicate the reproducible peak elution times for the MYL8 and the LYL8 peptides. Injections of buffer alone (Buffer) were carried out under identical conditions, and the fractions were assayed in parallel to ensure absence of cross-contamination between runs.&lt;/p&gt;\n &lt;p&gt;(B–D) Extracts from COS-7 cells transfected with cDNA encoding K&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; and the indicated constructs were separated by RP-HPLC. Fractions were tested for BCZ103 T cell-stimulating activity as in (A).&lt;/p&gt;\n &lt;p&gt;(E) The indicated synthetic peptides mixed with extracts from untransfected COS-7 cells were separated by RP-HPLC. Each fraction was tested for the specific DBFZ T cell-stimulating activity with D&lt;sup&gt;b+&lt;/sup&gt;B7.2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; L cells as APCs as in (A). The arrows indicate the reproducible peak elution times for the MM9 and the LM9 peptides.&lt;/p&gt;\n &lt;p&gt;(F and G) Extracts from COS-7 cells transfected with cDNA encoding D&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; and the indicated constructs were separated by RP-HPLC. Fractions were tested for DBFZ T cell-stimulating activity as in (E).&lt;/p&gt;\n &lt;p&gt;(H) A range of concentrations of the indicated synthetic peptides was tested for BCZ103 T cell-stimulating activity with K&lt;sup&gt;b+&lt;/sup&gt;B7.2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; L cells as APCs.&lt;/p&gt;\n &lt;p&gt;(I) A range of concentrations of the indicated synthetic peptides was tested for DBFZ T cell-stimulating activity with D&lt;sup&gt;b+&lt;/sup&gt;B7.2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; L cells as APCs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
S2E simulation of an ERL-based high-power EUV-FEL source for lithography (2017)

Energy recovery linac (ERL) based extreme ultraviolet (EUV) free electron lasers (FELs) are candidates of a next-generation high-power EUV source for lithography. An ERL-based EUV FEL source has been designed in order to demonstrate the feasibility of generating a 10-kW class EUV power. Start-to-End (S2E) simulation including the injection beam optimization, bunch compression, FEL lasing and bunch decompression is performed for the designed EUV source. As a result it is demonstrated that the EUV FEL can produce high power more than 10 kW at 10 mA and that the electron beam can be well transported throughout the EUV source without beam loss.
Pindar: A Rejoinder (1933)

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ChemInform Abstract: RIGID ACTIVE ESTERS IN PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS (1974)

Abstract Die Aminolysegeschwindigkeiten von o‐Nitro‐phenylestern geschützter Aminosäuren, z.B. (I) und (II), sind größer, weniger lösungsmittelabhängig und weniger empfindlich gegenüber sterischen Hinderungen als die der entsprechenden p‐Nitro‐phenylester Die größere Reaktivität der o‐Nitro‐phenylester wird mit dem stärkeren elektronenziehenden Effekt der Nitrogruppe in ortho‐ als in para‐Stellung erklärt.
Design of a GF(64)-LDPC Decoder Based on the EMS Algorithm (2013)

This paper presents the architecture, performance and implementation results of a serial GF(64)-LDPC decoder based on a reduced-complexity version of the Extended Min-Sum algorithm. The main contributions of this work correspond to the variable node processing, the codeword decision and the elementary check node processing. Post-synthesis area results show that the decoder area is less than 20% of a Virtex 4 FPGA for a decoding throughput of 2.95 Mbps. The implemented decoder presents performance at less than 0.7 dB from the Belief Propagation algorithm for different code lengths and rates. Moreover, the proposed architecture can be easily adapted to decode very high Galois Field orders, such as GF(4096) or higher, by slightly modifying a marginal part of the design.