gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Halide Heterogeneity Affects Local Charge Carrier Dynamics in Mixed-Ion Lead Perovskite Thin Films (2019)

The mechanism and elemental composition that form the basis for the improved optical and electronic properties in mixed-ion lead halide perovskite solar cells are still not well understood compared to standard methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite devices. Here, we use synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence to map the composition of perovskite thin films. To get insight into the elemental distribution during film growth, we fabricate films with three different thicknesses. To create a link between the composition and electronic properties, we perform Kelvin probe force microscopy and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. We find that the elemental composition is highly dependent on the film thickness, in particular, the I/Pb ratio is altered for single grains based on the film thickness. The difference in the I/Pb ratio reveals to be the root cause for the underlying difference in the film lifetime and defect density influencing charge carrier dynamics. Our results provide an in-depth analysis approach combining micro- and nanoscale techniques to shed light onto the fundamental processes, which help to further engineer perovskite thin films and improve device efficiencies.
GRAIN NOISE REDUCTION BY PHASE COHERENCE IMAGING (2010)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. Camacho, J. Brizuela, C. Fritsch; GRAIN NOISE REDUCTION BY PHASE COHERENCE IMAGING. AIP Conf. Proc. 22 February 2010; 1211 (1): 855–862. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3362505 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Abstract 17287: Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide During LVAD-Based Resuscitation in Pigs: Echocardiography and Deformation Imaging Evaluation (2017)

Introduction: We have previously shown that primary survival after cardiac arrest (CA) can be improved by optimizing circulation during CPR using a minimal invasive left ventricular assist device (Impella 2.5, iCPR). Whether inhaled nitric oxid (iNO) will improve protection of the right ventricle (RV) is still unknown. Hypothesis: iNO preserves RV-function following CA by increasing transpulmonary flow (TPF). Methods: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced in 6 anesthetized pigs. Animals were left untreated for 10 min before iCPR was attempted. 3 pigs (iNO) had iNO starting 30 min post ROSC. In addition to invasive hemodynamic monitoring, all animals received transesophageal echocardiography at baseline, during untreated cardiac arrest, at the initiation of iCPR, 30 min, and 5 h following ROSC. Results: LV unloading was sufficient in both groups (LV-end-diastolic volume (mL): baseline and 5h after ROSC: iNO group: 58.4±8.4, 62.7±12.2; Control: 48.3±6.2, 52.9±7.6) (Fig. 1a). Preservation of...
The dynamics of milk droplet–droplet collisions (2017)

Spray drying is an important industrial process to produce powdered milk, in which concentrated milk is atomized into small droplets and dried with hot gas. The characteristics of the produced milk powder are largely affected by agglomeration, combination of dry and partially dry particles, which in turn depends on the outcome of a collision between droplets. The high total solids (TS) content and the presence of milk proteins cause a relatively high viscosity of the fed milk concentrates, which is expected to largely influence the collision outcomes of drops inside the spray. It is therefore of paramount importance to predict and control the outcomes of binary droplet collisions. Only a few studies report on droplet collisions of high viscous liquids and no work is available on droplet collisions of milk concentrates. The current study therefore aims to obtain insight into the effect of viscosity on the outcome of binary collisions between droplets of milk concentrates. To cover a wide range of viscosity values, three milk concentrates (20, 30 and $$46\%$$ TS content) are investigated. An experimental set-up is used to generate two colliding droplet streams with consistent droplet size and spacing. A high-speed camera is used to record the trajectories of the droplets. The recordings are processed by Droplet Image Analysis in MATLAB to determine the relative velocities and the impact geometries for each individual collision. The collision outcomes are presented in a regime map dependent on the dimensionless impact parameter and Weber (We) number. The Ohnesorge (Oh) number is introduced to describe the effect of viscosity from one liquid to another and is maintained constant for each regime map by using a constant droplet diameter (d $$\sim 700\ \upmu \hbox {m}$$ ). In this work, a phenomenological model is proposed to describe the boundaries demarcating the coalescence-separation regimes. The collision dynamics and outcome of milk concentrates are compared with aqueous glycerol solutions experiments. While milk concentrates have complex chemical composition and rheology, glycerol solutions are Newtonian fluids and therefore easy to characterize. The collision morphologies of glycerol solutions and milk concentrates are similar, and the regime maps can be described by the same phenomenological model developed in this work. The regime of bouncing, however, was not observed for any of the milk concentrates.
A Monocular SLAM System Leveraging Structural Regularity in Manhattan World (2018)

The structural features in Manhattan world encode useful geometric information of parallelism, orthogonality and/or coplanarity in the scene. By fully exploiting these structural features, we propose a novel monocular SLAM system which provides accurate estimation of camera poses and 3D map. The foremost contribution of the proposed system is a structural feature-based optimization module which contains three novel optimization strategies. First, a rotation optimization strategy using the parallelism and orthogonality of 3D lines is presented. We propose a global binding method to compute an accurate estimation of the absolute rotation of the camera. Then we propose an approach for calculating the relative rotation to further refine the absolute rotation. Second, a translation optimization strategy leveraging coplanarity is proposed. Coplanar features are effectively identified, and we leverage them by a unified model handling both points and lines to calculate the relative translation, and then the optimal absolute translation. Third, a 3D line optimization strategy utilizing parallelism, orthogonality and coplanarity simultaneously is proposed to obtain an accurate 3D map consisting of structural line segments with low computational complexity. Experiments in man-made environments have demonstrated that the proposed system outperforms existing state-of-the-art monocular SLAM systems in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Temperature Dependence of the Photoreflectance Lineshape for GaN Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (2000)

The photoreflectance (PR) lineshape of GaN films grown by molecular beam epitaxy was investigated in the temperature range of 10 to 400 K. At low temperatures, the lineshape is dominated by excitonic transitions and can be reasonably well fitted using the first derivative of a Gaussian-broadened oscillator. At higher temperatures, the lineshape is more Franz-Keldysh like, but still influenced by excitonic effects. Typical Franz-Keldysh oscillations appear on the high-energy side of the PR spectra, from which the surface electric field can be estimated. At room temperature, we find a remarkable sensitivity of the PR lineshape to the ambient medium. A small change in surface electric field and a large decrease of the PR amplitude are observed, when the ambient medium is changed from air to vacuum. We address this effect to an UV-light induced desorption of oxygen from the sample surface.
SYNTHETIC OLIGOPEPTIDES RELATED TO THE β-SUBUNIT OF Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ATTENUATE INFLAMMATION AND LIVER DAMAGE AFTER (TRAUMA) HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK AND RESUSCITATION (2009)

Severe hemorrhagic shock (HS) followed by resuscitation induces a massive inflammatory response, which may culminate into systemic inflammatory response syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and, finally, death. Treatments that effectively prevent this inflammation are limited so far. In a previous study, we demonstrated that synthetic oligopeptides related to the primary structure of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) can inhibit the inflammatory response and mortality that follow high-dose LPS-induced inflammation. Considering this powerful anti-inflammatory effect, we investigated whether administration of similar synthetic HCG-related oligopeptides (LQGV, AQGV, LAGV) during HS were able to attenuate the inflammatory response associated with this condition. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in rats for 60 min by blood withdrawal until a MAP of 40 mmHg was reached. Rats received a single injection with one of the hCG-related oligopeptides (LQGV, AQGV or LAGV) or 0.9% NaCl solution as control 30 min after induction of HS. Treatment with LQGV, AQGV, or LAGV prevented systemic release of TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 and was associated with reduced TNF-[alpha], IL-6, and E-selectin mRNA transcript levels in the liver. LQGV treatment prevented neutrophil infiltration into the liver and was associated with reduced liver damage. Our data suggest that HCG-related oligopeptides, in particular LQGV, have therapeutic potential by attenuating the life-threatening inflammation and organ damage that is associated with (trauma) HS and resuscitation.
Supplementary Table 3A from Tumor Suppressor Functions of <i>ARLTS1</i> in Lung Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Table 3A from Tumor Suppressor Functions of &lt;i&gt;ARLTS1&lt;/i&gt; in Lung Cancers
SPARE: A Spectral Peak Recovery Algorithm for PPG Signals Pulsewave Reconstruction in Multimodal Wearable Devices (2021)

The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal is an unobtrusive blood pulsewave measure that has recently gained popularity in the context of the Internet of Things. Even though it is commonly used for heart rate detection, it has been lately employed on multimodal health and wellness monitoring applications. Unfortunately, this signal is prone to motion artifacts, making it almost useless in all situations where a person is not entirely at rest. To overcome this issue, we propose SPARE, a spectral peak recovery algorithm for PPG signals pulsewave reconstruction. Our solution exploits the local semiperiodicity of the pulsewave signal, together with the information about the cardiac rhythm provided by an available simultaneous ECG, to reconstruct its full waveform, even when affected by strong artifacts. The developed algorithm builds on state-of-the-art signal decomposition methods, and integrates novel techniques for signal reconstruction. Experimental results are reported both in the case of PPG signals acquired during physical activity and at rest, but corrupted in a systematic way by synthetic noise. The full PPG waveform reconstruction enables the identification of several health-related features from the signal, showing an improvement of up to 65% in the detection of different biomarkers from PPG signals affected by noise.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANS‐CYCLOALKENES. V. 1‐METHYL‐TRANS‐CYCLOOCTENE (1976)

Abstract Die Reaktivität der Titelverbindung (I) wird mit derjenigen des unsubstituierten trans‐Cyclooctens und derjenigen des Bicyclononens (XII) verglichen.
Correlation of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Emphysema in C3H and C57Bl/6 Mice (2015)

Cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice have been used to model airway inflammation and emphesema in humans; however, the impact of exposure duration, sex, and strain differences in susceptibility to progression of airway inflammation and to emphesema are poorly investigated. This study was designed to determine the association between inflammation and emphysema by exposing 2 strains of mice, C3H/HeN (C3H) and C57BL/6 (Bl/6), to filtered air (FA) or CS for 10, 16, or 22 weeks. Both genders and strains of CS-exposed mice developed pulmonary inflammation as characterized by cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the BALF. CS exposure caused persistently higher number of BALF macrophages in C3H compared to BL/6 mice, while more BALF neutrophils and persistently higher MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were observed in BL/6 mice. The mean linear intercept (Lm) increased progressively by 26%, 33%, and 55% at 10, 16, and 22 weeks, respectively, in CS-exposed C3H mice compared to the matched air controls. In BL/6 mice, although CS exposure also increased the Lm compared to FA controls, no further increase in Lm beyond the levels observed at 16 weeks of exposure was observed by 22 weeks. These findings suggest that extent of inflammation is not associated with severity of emphysema and underscores the importance of carefully selecting the mouse strains and endpoints when exploring effective treatments for emphesema.
TEXTURE MEASURING EQUIPMENT VS SKID TESTING EQUIPMENT . 15TH ARRB CONFERENCE, DARWIN, NORTHERN TERRITORY, 26-31 AUGUST 1990; PROCEEDINGS PARTS 1 TO 7 (1990)

A review is presented of the relationship between road surface texture and skid resistance. Questions are raised, concerning the ability of devices developed to measure surface texture at highway operating speed and which output a single texture depth parameter, to adequately predict surface friction on a project or survey level, or adequately predict friction-speed gradient on anything other than a survey level for surfaces of the same type. The correlation between friction-speed gradient and the difference between blank-tyre and ribbed-tyre friction is also discussed. The authors conclude that further development of friction measuring equipment with both blank and ribbed tyres is likely to be more productive, more realistic and more cost effective, than development of sophisticated texture measuring equipment (A). (Author/TRRL)
Compensation methods using a new model for buried defects in extreme ultraviolet lithography masks (2010)

A new method for predicting the reflection from an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) multilayer is described which when implemented into the new Defect Printability Simulator (DPS) can calculate the image produced by an EUV mask with a buried defect several orders of magnitude faster than the finite difference time domain (FDTD). A new buried defect compensation method is also demonstrated to correct the in focus image of a line space pattern containing a buried defect. The new multilayer model accounts for the disruption of the magnitude and phase of the reflected field from an EUV multilayer defect. It does this by sampling the multilayer on a non-uniform grid and calculating the analytic complex local reflection coefficient at each point. After this step, the effect of the optical path difference due to the surface defect profile is added to the total reflected field to accurately predict the reflected magnitude and phase at all points on the multilayer surface. The accuracy of the new multilayer model and the full DPS simulator is verified by comparisons to FDTD simulations. The largest difference between the two methods was 0.8nm for predicting the CD change due to a buried defect through focus. This small difference is within the margin of error for FDTD simulations of EUV multilayers. The runtime of DPS is compared to extrapolated FDTD runtimes for many simulation domain sizes and DPS is 4-5 orders of magnitude faster for all cases. For example, DPS can calculate the reflected image from a 1&#956;m x 1&#956;m mask area in less than 30 seconds on a single processor. FDTD would take a month on four processors. The new compensation strategy demonstrated in this work is able to remove all CD error in the simulated image due to a buried defect in a 22nm dense line space pattern. The method is iterative and a full DPS simulation is run for every iteration. After each simulation, the absorber pattern is adjusted based on the difference of the thresholded target image and thresholded defective image. This method is very simple and does not attempt to compensate for the defect through focus, but it does demonstrate the usefulness of a fast simulator for compensation.
Comparative assessment of different sacrificial materials for releasing SU-8 structures (2005)

A range of materials are tested and compared as sacrificial layers for releasing SU-8 structures from the substrate following their manufacture. Four metals (chromium, chromiun/gold, copper and aluminium) and three polymers (polymethylmethacrylate, polyimide and polystyrene) were investigated. Factors assessed included; quality of the SU-8 structures (by SEM examination before and after release), effect of changing etchant concentrations, monitoring of the undercutting process (through depth measurement with time), and the time taken for the successful release process. Overall, it was found that the metals were the best choice as sacrificial layers under SU-8 for structures up to 200 μm, whereas polymers were the better for larger structures (up to 600 μm in this work).
Repeated Gene Families in Drosophila melanogaster (1978)

This paper is about repeated gene families in Drosophila melanogaster. A repeated gene family consists of many identical or nearly identical genes that cohabit a single haploid genome. In some cases the genes are contained within tandemly repeated DNA units. Indeed, the successive observations that the 18S and 28S rRNA genes in Xenopus laevis (Brown and Weber 1968; Birnstiel et al. 1968; Miller and Beatty 1969), the 5S RNA genes of this frog (Brown et al. 1971), and the histone genes of sea urchins (reviewed by Kedes 1976) are all tandemly repeated created an illusion that repeated gene families generally assume such tandem topographies. It is true that these three repeated genes have been found in tandem arrays in other eukaryotes - notably in D. melanogaster, which is the only species in which each has been isolated and studied in molecular detail. (rRNA genes: Glover and Hogness 1977; White and...
FSS-based triplate antenna design concept for wireless devices (2021)

Abstract Conventional multiband antennas suffer from strong interactions among different operating frequencies, complex configurations, low bandwidth, and reduced efficiencies. A design concept for a multibeam multiband antenna in wireless devices is proposed in this paper. The design concept provides a promising approach to augment transmission and reception. The principle of design involves a primary radiating element embedded in a triplate conformation which excites a passive array of multiple frequency secondary radiators, forming a frequency selective structure in triplate (FSST). The higher order mode behavior of the parent antenna characterizes the design of FSST placed in its nearfield. The mathematical modeling and analysis of the design methodology is also presented. As proof of concept, the proposed design methodology is validated with simulations and experiments at four unlicensed communication bands and the results are compared.
Porcine Ischemic Wound-Healing Model for Preclinical Testing of Degradable Biomaterials (2017)

Impaired wound healing that mimics chronic human skin pathologies is difficult to achieve in current animal models, hindering testing and development of new therapeutic biomaterials that promote wound healing. In this article, we describe a refinement and simplification of the porcine ischemic wound model that increases the size and number of experimental sites per animal. By comparing three flap geometries, we adopted a superior configuration (15 × 10 cm) that enabled testing of twenty 1 cm<sup>2</sup> wounds in each animal: 8 total ischemic wounds within 4 bipedicle flaps and 12 nonischemic wounds. The ischemic wounds exhibited impaired skin perfusion for ∼1 week. To demonstrate the utility of the model for comparative testing of tissue regenerative biomaterials, we evaluated the healing process in wounds implanted with highly porous poly (thioketal) urethane (PTK-UR) scaffolds that were fabricated through reaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable PTK macrodiols with isocyanates. PTK-lysine triisocyanate (LTI) scaffolds degraded significantly in vitro under both oxidative and hydrolytic conditions whereas PTK-hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (HDIt) scaffolds were resistant to hydrolytic breakdown and degraded exclusively through an ROS-dependent mechanism. Upon placement into porcine wounds, both types of PTK-UR materials fostered new tissue ingrowth over 10 days in both ischemic and nonischemic tissue. However, wound perfusion, tissue infiltration and the abundance of pro-regenerative, M2-polarized macrophages were markedly lower in ischemic wounds independent of scaffold type. The PTK-LTI implants significantly improved tissue infiltration and perfusion compared with analogous PTK-HDIt scaffolds in ischemic wounds. Both LTI and HDIt-based PTK-UR implants enhanced M2 macrophage activity, and these cells were selectively localized at the scaffold/tissue interface. In sum, this modified porcine wound-healing model decreased animal usage, simplified procedures, and permitted a more robust evaluation of tissue engineering materials in preclinical wound healing research. Deployment of the model for a relevant biomaterial comparison yielded results that support the use of the PTK-LTI over the PTK-HDIt scaffold formulation for future advanced therapeutic studies.
Network structure dependence of volume and glass transition temperature (2000)

A series of polyurethanes was used to determine the molar contributions of chain ends (CE) and branch points (BP) to free volume and glass transition temperature Tg. The polyurethanes were copolymers of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) with hydroxyl functionalities of one, two, and three. The equivalent weights of all the PPOs were equal, such that the chemical composition of the chain segments was essentially identical. Therefore, the only distinctions among polymers were differences in CE and BP concentration. Theory of branching processes computer simulations were used to determine the concentration of CE due to imperfect network formation. Other CE contributions were from the monofunctional PPO. Polymer volumes and Tgs were correlated to CE and BP concentrations, and the contributions of these species were determined from least squares fits. The molar volume and Tg contributions were then used to determine free volume thermal expansion coefficients. These values were compared to thermal expansion coefficients obtained from WLF parameters (c1,c2) obtained from the measurement of dynamic moduli as a function of temperature.