gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gradually Increasing Doses of Prednisone in Myasthenia Gravis (1974)

ACTH and adrenal corticosteroids are effective in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. However, increased weakness may occur early in treatment, posing a considerable risk for the patient. To determine whether the early weakening could be avoided by use of a gradually increasing dosage schedule, we started treatment with 25 mg of prednisone on alternate days, and gradually increased the dose to 100 mg on alternate days. Anticholinesterase medication was maintained. No increased weakness developed in any of 12 patients on this regimen. Seven patients had good to excellent improvement in strength, returning to normal activity. Four patients had moderate improvement, and one did not benefit. The greater safety of this treatment regimen extends the usefulness of steroid therapy to a larger group of myasthenic patients than would otherwise be feasible. (N Engl J Med 290:81–84, 1974)
Recurrent Recalcitrant Gingival Hyperplasia and Plasminogen Deficiency: A Case Report (2003)

Recurrent gingival hyperplasia due to plasminogen deficiency (hypoplasminogenemia) is a newly recognized and rare condition. H & E staining, direct immunofluorescence, and assessment of functional plasminogen levels are essential to differentiate this condition from other conditions in which subepithelial, eosinophilic, amorphous materials are deposited.
Synthesis and Anti-Cancer Activity of C-Ring-Functionalized Prodigiosin Analogues (2007)

Prodigiosin is the parent member of the 4-methoxypyrrolyldipyrromethene family of natural products and is known for its anti-cancer activity. A new series of analogues was synthesized, incorporating pendent functional esters and beta-carbonyl substituents on the C-ring. The beta-carbonyl group allowed for the facile isolation of the prodigiosenes, and the pendent esters allow for further derivatization. The novel prodigiosenes generally retain the anti-cancer activity of prodigiosin in 60 human cell lines derived from nine cancer cell types, with neither the conjugated beta-carbonyl group, as either ketone or ester, nor the pendent ester significantly reducing the anti-cancer activity of the core skeleton.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal Complexation of σ Bonds (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Generalized variational density functional perturbation theory (2000)

We present an implementation of variational perturbation theory in the framework of density functional theory. We use an ab initio pseudopotential scheme with a plane wave basis set and expand the energy functional up to second order in the perturbation. The approach is fairly general and does not rely on the representativeness of the perturbation through a Hamiltonian operator and does not require the use of canonical orbitals. Instead, a functional formulation is used to characterize the perturbation. Several types of applications are presented which illustrate the variety of linear response phenomena that can be treated with our method (vibrational modes, Raman scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift computations). In combination with advanced gradient correction formulas, an accurate description of second order effects in periodic and isolated systems can be achieved.
Surface-Type Classification Using RGB-D (2014)

This paper proposes an approach to improve surface-type classification of images containing inconsistently illuminated surfaces. When a mobile inspection robot is visually inspecting surface-types in a dark environment and a directional light source is used to illuminate the surfaces, the images captured may exhibit illumination variance that can be caused by the orientation and distance of the light source relative to the surfaces. In order to accurately classify the surface-types in these images, either the training image dataset needs to completely incorporate the illumination variance or a way to extract color features that can provide high classification accuracy needs to be identified. In this paper diffused reflectance values are extracted as new color features to classifying surface-types. In this approach, Red, Green, Blue-Depth (RGB-D) data is collected from the environment, and a reflectance model is used to calculate a diffused reflectance value for a pixel in each Red, Green, Blue (RGB) color channel. The diffused reflectance values can be used to train a multiclass support vector machine classifier to classify surface-types. Experiments are conducted in a mock bridge maintenance environment using a portable RGB-Depth sensor package with an attached light source to collect surface-type data. The performance of a classifier trained with diffused reflectance values is compared against classifiers trained with other color features including RGB and L*a*b* color spaces. Results show that the classifier trained with the diffused reflectance values can achieve consistently higher classification accuracy than the classifiers trained with RGB and L*a*b* features. For test images containing a single surface plane, diffused reflectance values consistently provide greater than 90% classification accuracy; and for test images containing a complex scene with multiple surface-types and surface planes, diffused reflectance values are shown to provide an increase in overall accuracy over RGB and L*a*b* by 49.24% and 13.66%, respectively.
Measurement of ultrasonic attenuation coefficient in time and frequency domain using miniprobe transducer (1992)

A miniprobe has been applied to measure the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient for tissue mimicking phantoms, and freshly excised beef tissues. Some measuring errors by conventional probes might be minimized from adopting the miniprobe design. The miniprobe has the small transducer area as well as the function to measure the propagation path distance. Two methods to estimate the attenuation coefficient both from the time waveform and frequency spectra are discussed for our application in transmission mode. The methods and precision of the measurements were verified by eight tissue-mimicking phantoms before the approach to several beef tissues. The range of the errors of the measurement of the whole phantoms were within 0.77% to 1.71% calculated by power spectrum, and within 0.33% to 1.83% calculated by time domain. The results of measurement in phantoms confirm the successive measurement in tissues. According to the result of the attenuation coefficient estimated from phantoms and tissues, the estimation from the power spectrum is larger than that from the time waveform. The results of the errors indicate that directly measuring the heterogeneous materials in the time domain will cause more errors.
400-Gb/s Single-Sideband Direct Detection Over 7-Core Fiber With SSBI Cancellation (2019)

In this letter, a signal-to-signal beating interference (SSBI) cancellation technique is proposed in direct detection transmission system based on balanced photodiodes. We use a pilot-supported single-sideband direct detection scheme to transmit up to 400-Gb/s signal in three branches through a 10-km 7-core fiber. Using the manner of transmitting the signal in one core and the combination of signal and pilot in another core, the SSBI terms can be efficiently mitigated in both 100-Gb/s and 400-Gb/s direct detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission systems. Compared to the conventional pilot-supported direct detection scheme, no guard band is required based on our proposed SSBI elimination technique. The efficiency of the receiver's bandwidth is significantly enhanced.
Small-molecule inhibitors targeting G-protein–coupled Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (2013)

The G-protein-mediated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-Rho GTPase signaling axis has been implicated in human pathophysiology and is a potential therapeutic target. By virtual screening of chemicals that fit into a surface groove of the DH-PH domain of LARG, a G-protein-regulated Rho GEF involved in RhoA activation, and subsequent validations in biochemical assays, we have identified a class of chemical inhibitors represented by Y16 that are active in specifically inhibiting LARG binding to RhoA. Y16 binds to the junction site of the DH-PH domains of LARG with a ∼80 nM K(d) and suppresses LARG catalyzed RhoA activation dose dependently. It is active in blocking the interaction of LARG and related G-protein-coupled Rho GEFs with RhoA without a detectable effect on other DBL family Rho GEFs, Rho effectors, or a RhoGAP. In cells, Y16 selectively inhibits serum-induced RhoA activity and RhoA-mediated signaling, effects that can be rescued by a constitutively active RhoA or ROCK mutant. By suppressing RhoA activity, Y16 inhibits mammary sphere formation of MCF7 breast cancer cells but does not affect the nontransforming MCF10A cells. Significantly, Y16 works synergistically with Rhosin/G04, a Rho GTPase activation site inhibitor, in inhibiting LARG-RhoA interaction, RhoA activation, and RhoA-mediated signaling functions. Thus, our studies show that Rho GEFs can serve as selective targets of small chemicals and present a strategy of dual inhibition of the enzyme-substrate pair of GEF-RhoA at their binding interface that leads to enhanced efficacy and specificity.
Immunogenicity of Tissue Plasminogen Activators in Rhesus Monkeys: Antibody Formation and Effects on Blood Level and Enzymatic Activity (1996)

The immunogenicity of a tissue-type plasminogen activator analog, mt-PA6, consisting of the second kringle and protease domains, was compared to that of the native-sequence protein (ntPA) in rhesus monkeys. Antibody responses were compared in groups of eight monkeys that were treated by iv injection twice, 1 month apart, using doses and regimens chosen to mimic therapy (0.5 mg/kg mt-PA6 bolus, 1.25 mg/kg nt-PA bolus + infusion). An additional group was treated with a 0.5 mg/kg nt-PA bolus. A single positive response was obtained in a monkey treated with 0.5 mg/kg nt-PA after the primary injection. Following the secondary injection, responses were obtained in 1/8, 3/8, and 6/8 monkeys treated with mt-PA6, nt-PA as a boles, or nt-PA as a bolus + infusion, respectively. Several monkeys were selected to determine whether circulating tPA antibody altered the pharmacokinetics of mt-PA6. Clearance was found to decrease without affecting peak blood levels as antibody concentrations increased from 0.02 to 100 μg/ml. In contrast, the peak blood level was reduced by 99% at an antibody concentration of 152 μg/ml in a monkey that had been exposed to mt-PA6 in adjuvant 14 months previously. Further, only the serum from this and three other hyperimmunized monkeys inhibited the enzymatic activity of tPA in vitro. It is concluded that mt-PA6 is not more immunogenic than nt-PA in rhesus, and that low levels of antibody are more likely to influence the pharmacokinetic properties of tPA than to inhibit its enzymatic activity. It is unlikely that mt-PA6 would present a serious immunogenic risk in humans.
Collisionless Absorption and Emission of Electromagnetic Waves by a Bounded Plasma (1967)

The absorption and emission properties of a hot bounded plasma can be greatly influenced by collective behavior in the plasma. A homogeneous slab model of a collisionless plasma is used in a theoretical study of these collective effects. Peaks in the absorptivity occur at the resonance frequencies of longitudinal standing waves in the plasma. Power can be absorbed from an incident electromagnetic wave by Landau damping of the plasma waves which it couples to. Radiation is emitted from a collisionless bounded plasma because plasma waves excited in the wakes of fast electrons are partially converted to electromagnetic waves at the plasma boundaries. The radiation has peaks at the same frequencies as the absorption because of the collective reinforcement of the plasma waves at their resonance frequencies. In thermal equilibrium the collisionless absorption and emission obey Kirchhoff's law. The emission may be enhanced if many nonthermal electrons are present.
Advanced control circuit for intermediate bus converter (2008)

Power systems employing intermediate bus architecture (IBA) are lower cost and superior power quality solution versus the centralized power supply or distributed isolated DC-DC converters. The advantage of IBA depends heavily on highly efficient and power dense unregulated intermediate bus converter (IBC). This isolated IBC generates intermediate bus voltage in the range from 8 V to 14 V to supply local point-of-load regulators. The paper describes advanced control approach for the intermediate bus converter specifically addressing its key requirements. The new controller includes load current dependent off time control for improved efficiency, special means to address potential oscillating of synchronous self-driven MOSFET rectifiers and frequency control circuit to minimize the size of output inductor. Efficiency and performance improvement of IBC using described controller is verified by test results of the module with nominal input voltage 48 V and output power up to 600 W.
Scalable Control Architecture for Variable-Rate Turn Compensation (2015)

<abstract> <b><sc>Abstract. </sc></b>The objective of this study was to determine if a CAN bus could be used to implement variable-rate turn compensation in a manner that is scalable by encoding application rates for an entire implement into a single data message. A variable-rate turn compensation test fixture was developed that used a CAN bus to communicate application rates to 16 individual nodes using a 2-byte data message (80-bit extended identifier CAN messages). The system assumed that the physical structure of an implement was linear and that the control nodes were equally spaced. Application rates for the outer-most nodes were broadcasted and the remaining nodes calculated their application rate using a linear interpolation method. Node locations were determined using a 4-bit binary thumbwheel switch located at each control node, allowing all nodes to run an identical program. Servo-controlled gauges were used to visualize node application rate across the test fixture. A joystick interface was developed to simulate vehicle movements and desired application rates. The system transmitted Bluetooth serial messages at a rate of 20 Hz, which were received by the test fixture and converted to CAN messages before being broadcasted to the control nodes. Two USB to CAN interfaces were connected to the CAN bus to insert additional traffic and measure bandwidth utilization. Due to the minimal amount of bandwidth required (<1%) to transmit variable-rate control messages, the system functioned properly when the CAN bus was heavily loaded with traffic up to 99% of the available bandwidth of 250 kbps. The variable-rate turn compensation test fixture demonstrated that a CAN bus is a suitable protocol for communicating variable-rate data. The scalable encoding technique developed in this study resulted in a single message required to update all nodes, regardless of the number of nodes in the system. The system has broad applicability in future planting, fertilizing, and chemical application systems where deposition points are evenly spaced along an implement.
Beverage consumption and mortality among adults with type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort study (2023)

Individual beverages showed divergent associations with all cause mortality and CVD outcomes among adults with type 2 diabetes. Higher intake of SSBs was associated with higher all cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality, whereas intakes of coffee, tea, plain water, and low fat milk were inversely associated with all cause mortality. These findings emphasize the potential role of healthy choices of beverages in managing the risk of CVD and premature death overall in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Exploring features and function of Ss-riok-3 , an enigmatic kinase gene from Strongyloides stercoralis (2014)

Right open reading frame protein kinase 3 (RIOK-3) belongs to the atypical kinase family. Unlike the other two members, RIOK-1 and RIOK-2, which are conserved from Archaea to humans, RIOK-3 occurs only in multicellular organisms. Studies on HeLa cells indicate that human RIOK-3 is a component of the 40S small ribosome subunit and supports cancer cell growth and survival. However, almost nothing is known about the function of RIOK-3. We explored the functional role of RIOK-3 encoding gene from Strongyloides stercoralis, a parasitic nematode of humans and dogs. To analyze the gene and promoter structure of Ss-riok-3, RACE-PCR and Genome-walker PCR were performed to isolate the full length cDNA, gDNA and promoter region of Ss-riok-3. RNA-seq was conducted to assess the transcript abundance of Ss-riok-3 in different stages of S. stercoralis. Transgenesis was employed to determine the anatomic expression patterns of Ss-riok-3. The RIOK-3 protein-encoding gene (designated Ss-riok-3) of S. stercoralis was characterized. The full-length complementary and genomic DNAs of the RIOK-3 encoding gene (riok-3) were isolated from this nematode. The cDNA of Ss-riok-3 is 1,757 bp in length, including a 23 bp 5’-UTR, a 36 bp 3’-UTR and a 1,698 bp coding region encoding a protein of 565 amino acids (aa) containing a RIO kinase domain. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that Ss-riok-3 is transcribed in all developmental stages of S. stercoralis assessed, with transcripts being particularly abundant in parasitic females. Gene structure analysis revealed that Ss-riok-3 contains no intron. The putative promoter contains conserved promoter elements, including four TATA, two GATA, one inverse GATA and one inverse CAAT boxes. The promoter of Ss-riok-3 drives GFP expression in the head neuron, intestine and body wall muscle of transgenic S. stercoralis larvae, and the TATA boxes present in the 3’-UTR of the gene immediately upstream of Ss-riok-3 initiate transcription. The characterization of the RIOK-3 encoding gene from S. stercoralis provides a sound foundation for investigating in detail its function in the development and reproduction of this important pathogen.
Vitamin D deficiency, parathyroid hormone levels, and bone disease among patients with end‐stage liver disease and normal serum creatinine awaiting liver transplantation (2014)

Low vitamin D levels and bone disease are common among patients with ESLD awaiting LT. Despite a high prevalence of low serum total 25-OH D, our cohort maintained normal corrected calcium levels and did not develop secondary hyperparathyroidism. We propose that free serum 25-OH D and vitamin D-binding protein may be necessary to accurately establish the diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency in the setting of ESLD. Additional studies are needed to further define mechanisms of bone disease in patients with ESLD.
Endoskopische Vakuum Therapie (EVT) einer pharyngokutanen Fistel nach Laryngektomie – Erstbeschreibung eines neuen einfachen Therapieverfahrens zum Fistelverschluss (2018)

Die pharyngokutane Fistel stellt in der HNO-Heilkunde die häufigste postoperative Komplikation nach totaler Laryngektomie dar, welche die Behandlungsdauer und den Krankenhausaufenthalt deutlich prolongiert. Die Endoskopische Vakuum Therapie (EVT) wurde bislang zur Behandlung von transmuralen Defekten im Rektum und Ösophagus eingesetzt. Unser Beispiel stellt die Erstbeschreibung einer Anwendung der EVT als neues Therapieverfahren zum Verschluss einer pharyngokutanen Fistel nach Laryngektomie dar.
Experimental demonstration of 600 V MCCT (2003)

This paper presents the characteristics of a MCCT (MOS controlled cascode thyristor) device with a blocking capability of 600 V for the first time. It should be noted that a superior on-state voltage drop of 2.0 V can be achieved while exhibiting a fast turn-off speed which is comparable to that of an IGBT. Furthermore, the MCCT shows a superior short circuit withstand capability of more than 16 /spl mu/s and a maximum turn-off capability of over 660 A/cm2 at a high temperature condition of 125/spl deg/C, simultaneously, by the application of an n/n/sup +/ source region structure.
The memory B cell subset responsible for the secretory IgA response and protective humoral immunity to rotavirus expresses the intestinal homing receptor, alpha4beta7. (1998)

Infection of mice with murine rotaviruses induces life-long immunity, characterized by high levels of IgA in the intestine and large numbers of rotavirus (RV)-specific Ab-secreting cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Lymphocyte trafficking into gut-associated lymphoid tissues is mediated by interaction of the alpha4beta7 integrin on lymphocytes with the vascular mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1. To determine whether B cell memory for RV correlates with alpha4beta7 expression, we transferred sorted B220+ phenotypically defined memory (IgD- alpha4beta7(high) and IgD- alpha4beta7-) and naive (IgD+ alpha4beta7+) splenocytes into recombination-activating gene-2 knockout mice (B and T cell-deficient) that were chronically infected with RV. Only mice receiving alpha4beta7(high) memory (IgD-) B cells produced RV-specific IgA in the stool, cleared the virus, and were immune to reinfection. Alpha4beta7(high) (but not alpha4beta7-) memory B cells from donors boosted as much as 7 mo previously also cleared the virus, indicating that alpha4beta7(high) memory B cells maintain long term functional immunity to RV. Although only alpha4beta7(high) memory cells provided mucosal immunity, alpha4beta7- cells from recently boosted donor animals could generate RV-specific serum IgG, but, like naive (IgD+) B cells, were unable to induce viral clearance even 60 days after cell transfer. These data indicate that protective immunity for an intestinal pathogen, RV, resides in memory phenotype B cells expressing the intestinal homing receptor, alpha4beta7.
Hadamard-based image decomposition and compression (2000)

In this paper, we develop a general algorithm for decomposition and compression of grayscale images. The decomposition can be expressed as a functional relation between the original image and the Hadamard waveforms. The dynamic adaptive clustering procedure incorporates potential functions as a similarity measure for clustering as well as a reclustering phase. The latter is a multi-iteration, convergent procedure which divides the inputs into nonoverlapping clusters. These two techniques allow us to efficiently store and transmit a class of half-tone medical images such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human brain. Due to the redundant image structure of MRI, obtained after the decomposition and clustering, almost half of the image can be omitted all together. Naturally, the compression rates for this specific type of grayscale image are increased greatly. A run-length coding is performed in order to compress further the retained information from the first two steps. Although all the techniques applied are simple, they represent an efficient way to compress grayscale images. The algorithm exhibits a performance which is competitive and often outperforming some of the methods reported in the literature.
First peptide-based system of rigid donor, rigid acceptor, and rigid interchromophore spacer: A conformational and photophysical study (2005)

Claudio Toniolo,a Fernando Formaggio,a Marco Crisma,a Jean-Paul Mazaleyrat,b Michel Wakselman,b Clifford George,c Judith L. FlippenAnderson,c Basilio Pispisa,d Mariano Venanzid and Antonio Palleschie Biopolymer Research Center, CNR, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; SIRCOB, University of Versailles, F-78000 Versailles, France; Laboratory for the Structure of Matter, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy