gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
726. Investigation of Epidemiological Characteristics and Outcomes in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli positive patients (2020)

Abstract Background New generation multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panels have led to the ability of rapid detection of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Although many studies have looked at the pathogenesis of this organism in the pediatric populations, fewer studies include adults. We aimed to determine if EPEC is pathogenic on its own, or has a predilection for certain populations based upon risk factors. This was achieved by comparing risk factors in patients positive for EPEC on the BioFire Gastrointestinal (GI) Pathogen Panel versus patients negative for all targets on the panel. Methods This is a single center case control study that was performed using a retrospective chart review from January 1, 2016 thru August 31, 2019. All patients were symptomatic with diarrheal illness and had a GI pathogen panel performed. The study group were patients that were EPEC positive. The control group were patients with a negative PCR panel that were matched three to one based upon age and gender. Chi-squared statistical analysis was used. Results 792 patients were evaluated. In the adult group the EPEC positive actual length of stay (LOS) was 13.5 rather than 9.3 in the control. Although this was not statically significant this trended towards a longer LOS as seen in Table 1. In the pediatric population, both expected and actual LOS were statically longer viewed in Table 2. This may be due to these patients being more chronically ill at baseline, with a greater number of pediatric coronary artery disease and ulcerative colitis in the control. Males were more likely to test positive for EPEC at 69.86% in the pediatric population than in the adult population with statistical significance at p=0.0035. The pediatric population had more co-infections with EPEC at 57.53% with p&amp;lt; 0.0001. This can be further seen in Table 3. Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Conclusion In the adult EPEC positive patients there was no statistically significant difference in length of stay in comparison to negative control. This raises the question to if this is truly a pathogen in adults. In the pediatric population, our control group was likely more ill, which made it difficult interpret the significance of differences in LOS. Disclosures Kenneth Rand, MD, BioFire Diagnostics, Inc (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Advisor or Review Panel member, Research Grant or Support) Stacy Beal, MD, FilmArray BioFire (Grant/Research Support)
Proteome Analysis of Chronically Inflamed Lungs in a Mouse Chronic Asthma Model (2008)

Many of these proteins, including cytoskeleton-related proteins, Ca2+-binding proteins and anti-oxidant proteins, may be related to the development of airway remodeling, and they should be evaluated further as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for chronic asthma.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Lack of p53 Ser389 Phosphorylation Predisposes Mice to Develop 2-Acetylaminofluorene–Induced Bladder Tumors but not Ionizing Radiation–Induced Lymphomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends from Lack of p53 Ser389 Phosphorylation Predisposes Mice to Develop 2-Acetylaminofluorene–Induced Bladder Tumors but not Ionizing Radiation–Induced Lymphomas
Load Distribution of Existing Solid Slab Bridges Based on Field Tests (1999)

The load-carrying capacity of existing slab bridges is commonly calculated based on the equivalent width recommended by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Interest in the field load testing of highway bridges has increased significantly in recent years. Load capacity of a bridge based on field testing is generally greater than that determined from standard rating calculations. The main parameters affecting the equivalent width were identified using the grillage analogy method. The results suggest that edge beam size should be considered in the equivalent width calculation. A simplified equation for the equivalent width is proposed for solid slab bridges with or without edge beams. The equivalent widths based on the AASHTO and LRFD cores was compared with those based on the field tests and analyses. The equivalent widths based on the grillage analogy and field tests are higher than those based on the AASHTO and LRFD codes, which indicates that the codes give a conservative estimate of the equivalent width. In the absence of field tests, the grillage analogy provides an accurate estimate for the equivalent width and bridge rating.
The Current Versatility of Polyurethane Three-Dimensional Printing for Biomedical Applications (2020)

Reconstructive surgery aims to restore tissue defects by replacing them with similar autologous tissue to achieve good clinical outcomes. However, often the defect is too large or the tissue available is limited, requiring synthetic materials to restore the anatomical shape and partial function. The utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for the manufacture of implants with complex geometries and internal architecture that more closely matches the required clinical needs. Synthetic polymers offer certain advantages over natural polymers as biomedical materials due to their ability to more closely mimic the mechanical and chemical properties of the native tissue. Synthetic polymer materials such as poly(lactic acid) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene are easily 3D printed to generate 3D objects due to their flexibility in their chemical and mechanical properties and physical form. Polyurethanes (PUs) are widely used as short- and long-term, implantable medical devices due to their good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and hemocompatibility. This article provides an overview on the advancement of 3D printable PU-based materials for biomedical applications. A summary of the chemical structure and synthesis of PUs is provided to explain how PUs may be processed into medical devices using additive manufacturing techniques. Currently, PUs are being explored by several 3D printing approaches, including fused filament fabrication, bioplotting, and stereolithography, to fabricate complex implants with precise patterns and shapes with fine resolution. PU scaffolds using 3D printing have shown good cell viability and tissue integration <i>in vivo</i>. The important limitations of PU printing are identified to stimulate future research. PUs offer a biocompatible, synthetic polymeric material that can be 3D printed to manufacture implants that are tailored to meet specific anatomical, mechanical, and biological requirements for biomedical applications.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS (2005)

Abstract. In this paper, the mechanical properties of nanostructured materials, defined hereafter as having a mean grain size that falls in the 50-200 nm ranges, is reviewed and the underlying mechanisms are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on nanostructured materials that are processed via two synthesis approaches: consolidation of nanocrystalline powders and electrodeposition. The present review demonstrates that processing history significantly influ-ences mechanical behavior as revealed by the following observations. First, a low strain harden-ing behavior is usually observed during the plastic deformation of nanostructured materials processed by milling (also known as mechanical milling or attrition). The phenomenon can be attributed to the process of dislocation annihilation or dynamic recovery during plastic deforma-tion. Second, the reported asymmetry of yield strength between tension and compression can be rationalized based on the existence of porosity or the presence of a bimodal phase distribution. Third, significant strain hardening behavior is generally observed in nanostructured materials processed by electrodeposition. The observation of strain hardening in nanostructured materi-als can be explained on the basis of dislocation multiplication. Fourth, the low ductility that is frequently reported for nanostructured materials is related to an absence of dislocation activity. Recent work reviewed suggests that this limitation may be surmounted by implementing the concept of multiple length scales in the microstructure. 1.
Determination of individual bile acids in acute respiratory distress syndrome reveals a specific pattern of primary and secondary bile acids and a shift to the acidic pathway as an adaptive response to the critical condition (2022)

The individual bile acid profile of this ARDS patient cohort is unique compared to other disease states. The combination of changes in individual bile acids reflects a shift toward the acidic pathway of bile acid synthesis. Our results support the concept of ARDS-specific plasma levels of bile acids in a specific pattern as an adaptive response mechanism.
Recent developments in parallel optical interconnects (2001)

We survey optical solutions to the communications bottleneck which is becoming a growing problem in high-performance electronic systems as on-chip clock speeds increase. A variety of optical interconnects will be presented including highly parallel free-space optical systems and flexible fiber image guide and fiber array links.
Evidence for nerve growth factor-ganglioside interaction in forebrain cholinergic neurons. (1990)

Cholinergic neurons of the forebrain respond trophically to nerve growth factor (NGF) in some experimental circumstances. The cholinergic cell system of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) which projects to the cortex shows signs of cellular degeneration following limited devascularizing cortical lesions, while no apparent damage is observed in the remaining ipsilateral cortex. These cholinergic cells possess receptors for NGF and the administration of this peptide into the cerebroventricular space prevents cell shrinkage and loss of activity of the biosynthetic enzyme for acetylcholine, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Analogous trophic responses can be elicited in this system with the application of the sialoganglioside GM1. In addition, GM1 can increase the effects of NGF on ChAT activity in lesioned neurons of the NBM-to-cortex model system described above. This cooperative interaction is observed even when ineffective doses of GM1 are administered. Furthermore, an interaction between these two putative neurotrophic substances has been noted over other cholinergic parameters such as cortical high affinity choline uptake (HACU). These studies confirm the idea that trophic factors can be utilized to rescue degenerating neurons of the CNS and, in addition, lend support to the concept that gangliosides can facilitate actions of endogenously produced trophic factors.
Fabrication of oriented L10-FeCuPd and composite bcc-Fe∕L10-FeCuPd nanoparticles: Alloy composition dependence of magnetic properties (2006)

Oriented and well-isolated L10-FeCuPd ternary alloy nanoparticles have been fabricated by electron-beam evaporation followed by postdeposition annealing. A single L10 phase was formed in the FeCuPd nanoparticles with (Fe+Cu) content lower than 48 at. %. A strong preferential c-axis orientation along the film normal direction was achieved by Cu addition, which leads to a strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Also, a lowering of the ordering temperature by 50 K compared to the binary L10-FePd nanoparticles was achieved by Cu addition. By contrast, composite particles composed of the bcc Fe and the L10-FeCuPd were formed when the (Fe+Cu) content was higher than 52 at. %. Coexistence of the bcc Fe and the L10-FeCuPd was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and nanobeam electron diffraction. It was found that perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the L10-FeCuPd nanoparticles on the NaCl substrate is sensitive to the alloy composition.
Transcatheter closure of postsurgical aortic pseudoaneurysms guided by three-dimensional image reconstruction: a single-centre experience (2023)

Although subtotal or total occlusion of the PTAP was found at follow-up in only 45-73% of cases, transcatheter PTAP closure guided by preprocedural 3D reconstructions can offer a valuable minimally invasive primary treatment option for patients who otherwise would face a high-risk reoperation.
Effective Attention Networks for Aspect-level Sentiment Classification (2018)

This paper deals with the aspect-level sentiment classification which identifies the sentiment polarity of a specific aspect of its context. We introduce novel attention networks by using the benefits of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Attention mechanisms and Lexicons to form an aspect-specific representation. Though a variety of neural network models have been proposed recently, however, previous models have captured the importance of aspects in their contexts and developed various methods by modeling their contexts via generating aspect representations. In this paper, aspects and their contexts are treated separately and learned their own representations. Additionally, the purpose of lexicons is to highlight the important sentiment words of aspects and their contexts. The relation between aspects and their contexts are explored by concentrating on different parts of a sentence when different aspects are taken as input. We evaluate our models on Laptop and Restaurant datasets and show that our approaches improve classification accuracy in aspect-level sentiment classification.
Cardiac myosin-binding protein C is a novel marker of myocardial injury and fibrosis in aortic stenosis (2017)

NCT1755936; Post-results.
The tragedy of the uncommon: understanding limitations in the analysis of microbial diversity (2008)

Molecular microbial community analysis methods have revolutionized our understanding of the diversity and distribution of bacteria, archaea and microbial eukaryotes. The information obtained has adequately demonstrated that the analysis of microbial model systems can provide important insights into ecosystem function and stability. However, the terminology and metrics used in macroecology must be applied cautiously because the methods available to characterize microbial diversity are inherently limited in their ability to detect the many numerically minor constituents of microbial communities. In this review, we focus on the use of indices to quantify the diversity found in microbial communities, and on the methods used to generate the data from which those indices are calculated. Useful conclusions regarding diversity can only be deduced if the properties of the various methods used are well understood. The commonly used diversity metrics differ in the weight they give to organisms that differ in abundance, so understanding the properties of these metrics is essential. In this review, we illustrate important methodological and metric-dependent differences using simulated communities. We conclude that the assessment of richness in complex communities is futile without extensive sampling, and that some diversity indices can be estimated with reasonable accuracy through the analysis of clone libraries, but not from community fingerprint data.
1,5-Diphenylpyrrole Derivatives as Antimycobacterial Agents. Probing the Influence on Antimycobacterial Activity of Lipophilic Substituents at the Phenyl Rings (2008)

Synthesis and biological evaluation of new derivatives of 1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl-1H-pyrrole (BM 212, 16) are reported. Variously substituted phenyl rings with different substitution pattern and lipophilicity were added to the pyrrole nucleus to evaluate their influence on the activity toward Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and atypical mycobacteria. The most active derivatives showed activity between 0.125-0.5 microg/mL (better than 16 and streptomycin) and protection index (64-256) higher than 16 (4) and similar to isoniazid and streptomycin (128).
Acute Effect of Diets Varying in Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load on Blood Glucose, Insulin and Measures of Oxidative Stress (2006)

Background Epidemiological studies indicate that low glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) diets may decrease risk for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes. Clinical evidence indicates that elevations in postprandial glycemia is associated with increased oxidative stress. As such, dietary strategies which limit postprandial glycemia may be of benefit in moderating oxidative damage. We assessed the effect of foods varying in GI and GL on postprandial glycemia, insulinemia and measures of oxidative damage. Methods Fifteen healthy subjects were fed 5 test meals: 50g available carbohydrate from white bread (control), which was tested twice; 50g available carbohydrate from pasta; 100g available carbohydrate from pasta; and 100g available carbohydrate from white bread. Blood samples were obtained over the following 4 hours. Results Compared to the white bread control (50 g available carbohydrate), the area under the 2‐hour glycemic response curve was significantly greater for 100g available carbohydrate from white bread (mean±SE) 141±15 (P&lt;0.05); was significantly reduced for 50g available carbohydrates from pasta (71±6; P&lt;0.05); and was unchanged for 100g available carbohydrates from pasta (90±10; P&lt;0.05). Conclusion Altering the glycemic index and glycemic load of the diet can greatly affect the postprandial glycemic response curve, which may have implications for oxidative damage and risk of CHD and diabetes.
Aluminum alloy matrix composites with discontinuous fibers oriented uniaxially by electrostatic method. (1988)

An electrostatic method for fabricating uniaxially oriented ceramic discontinuous fiber preforms has been developed. Alumina short fibers suspended in an insulating liquid (Freon R-113) are aligned to form long agglomerates and sedimented to form a preform in the DC field. SiC whiskers, on the other hand, form into similar agglomerates in the AC field. A fabricated preform is incorpolated into an aluminum alloy JIS AC1A melt by squeeze casting. This FRM contains uniaxially aligned short fibers or whiskers and is free from defects. Uniaxially oriented FRM have higher bending strength than FRM with 2-dimensional and 3-dimensionally random orientations at the same volume fraction of short fibers or whiskers. Uniaxially oriented SiC composits have the highest bending strength 1.07GPa at room temperature, showing a great advantage of using uniaxially oriented preforms.
Systolic Blood Pressure and Socioeconomic Status in a large multi-study population (2019)

The present study used harmonized data from eight studies (N = 28,891) to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and resting systolic blood pressure (SBP). The study replicates and extends our prior work on this topic by examining potential moderation of this association by race and gender. We also examined the extent to which body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and smoking might explain the association between SES and SBP. Data were available from six race/gender groups: 9200 Black women; 2337 Black men; 7248 White women; 6519 White men; 2950 Hispanic women; and 637 Hispanic men. Multivariable regression models showed that greater annual household income was associated with lower SBP in all groups except Hispanic men. The magnitude and form of this negative association differed across groups, with White women showing the strongest linear negative association. Among Black men and Hispanic women, the association was curvilinear: relatively flat among lower income levels, but then negative among higher income ranges. Education also was independently, negatively related to SBP, though evidence was weaker for race and gender differences in the strength of the association. Higher BMI and WC were associated with higher SBP, and current smoking with lower SBP. Inclusion of these risk factors resulted in only a modest change in the magnitude of the SBP and SES relation, accounting on average about 0.4 mmHg of the effect of income and 0.2 mmHg of the effect of education-effects unlikely to be clinically significant. Further understanding of mechanisms underlying the association between SBP and SES may improve risk stratification in clinical settings and potentially inform interventions aimed at reductions in social disparities in health.
Matrix crack detection by an embedded polarimetric sensor (2006)

ply and close to the 0/90 interface oftransparent cross-ply GFRP coupons. The laminate ply cracks may initiate and propagate across the couponwhen the coupons were subjected to an increasing quasi-static load in a servo-hydraulic testing machine.Crack accumulation have been monitored using a long gauge-length extensometer. The response of the strainsignal, the optical signal and the load signal to cracks at diﬀerent positions in the coupon in relation tothe extensometer and optical sensor positions have been acquired and compared by means of video imagesof the crack growth. The relationship between crack growth and sensor response was demonstrated. Thedisplacement induced by a new transverse crack has been predicted and compared with experimental data.KEY WORDS:
Experimental Blast Testing of a Large 9-Story Structure Equipped With a System of Nonlinear Energy Sinks (2013)

In recent years the protection of structures from blasts has gained widespread attention with most of the effort on this subject focused on mitigating the local effects of the blast. With improved local protection, controlling the global response of structures subjected to impulsive types of loads is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the passive mitigation of a structure’s global response is examined through experimental blast tests of a large scale, 9-story structure equipped with a system of NESs. The system of NESs studied in this paper include two different types of devices, each of which employing a different type of restoring force; one type utilizes a smooth restoring force that is approximately cubic, while the other employs a linear restoring force coupled with one-sided vibro-impacts. The results of this study show that the passive NESs examined were capable of rapidly reducing the global response of the structure due to the blast loading. Additionally, the benefits of this passive system were demonstrated by its ability to reduce the peak demand on the structural system.
Fabrication and characterization of all-thin-film magnetoelectric sensors (2009)

ac magnetic field sensors based on thin-film magnetoelectric (ME) devices operating at room temperature have been fabricated. The ME layers consist of a sol-gel derived Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 film and a sputter deposited Fe0.7Ga0.3 film on Si cantilevers. The ME coupling is substantially improved by depositing a Pt layer at the interface. The ME coefficient up to 1.81 V/Oe cm is obtained at the mechanical resonant frequency of 333 Hz and at dc bias magnetic field of 90 Oe. Clear reduction in the substrate clamping effect is observed as the Si cantilever thickness is systematically reduced down to 35 μm.