gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Last Gasp of Socialism: Economics and Culture in 1960s East Germany (2010)

ABSTRACT East Germany's history can be broadly divided into two eras: Firstly, the 1950s ‘Aufbau’ period, in which the need to build a socialist society for future generations was emphasised – a project that involved a Stalinist approach, in which ideological commitment was central to political concerns. Secondly, the so‐called ‘real‐existing socialism’ of the 1970s, in which social stability, a sense of belonging and Honecker's ‘unity of economic and social policy’ were the watchwords. The reforms of the NÖS, or New Economic System – introduced in 1963 and abandoned at the end of the decade – marked the transition between these two periods and aimed to ensure the state's economic survival. This paper will examine both the economic and cultural policy of this period in order to contextualise the NÖS and to demonstrate that it was emblematic of wider trends in European history. I will also argue that the NÖS was perhaps the most important turning point in GDR history. It typified the regime's new approach to reconciling its desire to maintain control with the need to modernise the GDR. This period simultaneously represented the last gasp of revolutionary socialism, a doomed attempt to solve the structural problems of the Stalinist model and a foreshadowing of Honecker's GDR. Die DDR‐Geschichte wird oft in zwei Perioden geteilt: Während dem Aufbau des Sozialismus der 1950er Jahre rückte das Ziel in den Mittelpunkt, eine sozialistische Gesellschaft für die Zukunft aufzubauen. In dieser stalinistischen Zeit stand die Ideologie im Zentrum aller politischen Entscheidungen. In der Periode des sogenannten realexistierenden Sozialismus der 1970er und 80er Jahre war dagegen die DDR zunehmend durch andere Konzepte gekennzeichnet: soziale Sicherheit, die ‘Einheit von Wirtschafts‐ und Sozialpolitik’ und das Heimatgefühl. Die Reformen des NÖS (Neuen Ökonomischen Systems), das 1963 eingeführt und am Ende des Jahrzehnts wieder aufgegeben wurde, fungierten als Übergang zwischen den zwei Perioden und stellten einen Versuch dar, das ökonomische Überleben des Staates zu garantieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Wirtschafts‐ und Kulturpolitik dieser Jahre, um das NÖS in einen Zusammenhang mit der europäischen und der DDR‐Geschichte zu setzen. Das NÖS wird als wichtigster Wendepunkt der DDR‐Geschichte interpretiert. Die Reformen verkörperten die dringende Notwendigkeit, die DDR zu modernisieren, und gleichzeitig einen Versuch der SED, ihren Kontrollanspruch aufrechtzuerhalten. Sie waren gleichzeitig letzter Atemzug des revolutionären Sozialismus und Vorwegnahme der Honecker‐Ära.
Whole Body Teleoperation of a Humanoid Robot Development of a Simple Master Device using Joysticks (2004)

This paper presents a novel method for the whole body teleoperation of a humanoid robot using simple input device. A typical humanoid robot would have more than 20 DOF. Due to the complexity, it requires an effective way for whole body teleoperation. Getting hints from the shifting of locus of attention for body motions between the joints of human body during task executions, this paper proposes a switching command based whole body teleoperation method. Instead of giving command to all joints all the time, the operator selects only the necessary point of the humanoid robot for teleoperation. This switching teleoperation method enables flexible teleoperation of humanoid robots using only simple input devices. The proposed method is implemented as a teleoperation system using two 3 DOF joysticks to operate a real 30 DOF humanoid robot, HRP-1S, which is developed in the Humanoid Robotics Project of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed with experiments teleoperating HRP-1S.
Plasmonic Optical Fiber-Grating Immunosensing: A Review (2017)

Plasmonic immunosensors are usually made of a noble metal (in the form of a film or nanoparticles) on which bioreceptors are grafted to sense analytes based on the antibody/antigen or other affinity mechanism. Optical fiber configurations are a miniaturized counterpart to the bulky Kretschmann prism and allow easy light injection and remote operation. To excite a surface plasmon (SP), the core-guided light is locally outcoupled. Unclad optical fibers were the first configurations reported to this end. Among the different architectures able to bring light in contact with the surrounding medium, a great quantity of research is today being conducted on metal-coated fiber gratings photo-imprinted in the fiber core, as they provide modal features that enable SP generation at any wavelength, especially in the telecommunication window. They are perfectly suited for use with cost-effective high-resolution interrogators, allowing both a high sensitivity and a low limit of detection to be reached in immunosensing. This paper will review recent progress made in this field with different kinds of gratings: uniform, tilted and eccentric short-period gratings as well as long-period fiber gratings. Practical cases will be reported, showing that such sensors can be used in very small volumes of analytes and even possibly applied to in vivo diagnosis.
Comparing two measures of sleep depth/intensity (2020)

Compared to delta power, ORP is more discriminating among sleep stages, more sensitive to sleep restriction, and more closely associated with arousability. This evidence supports ORP as a measure of sleep depth/intensity.
A preliminary study on optimal input design for nonlinear systems (2013)

In this paper, an initial study is made on the optimal input design for Wiener systems that consists of a FIR filter, followed by a polynomial nonlinearity. A design method, based on the dispersion function, is introduced, in order to find an optimal set of elementary designs. For the considered class of Wiener systems, it is shown that these elementary designs are couples of successive input values. However, concatenation of these elementary designs is not straight forward. By imposing symmetry conditions on the total design, a solution is obtained that can be realized as a time sequence and that is optimal in the subspace of symmetric designs.
α-Ketoglutaric Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas (1967)

Abstract Hydroxyproline-induced α-ketoglutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase has been purified from a pseudomonas strain and characterized with respect to substrate specificity and other properties. After a variety of growth conditions, pseudomonas extracts also contain a constitutive dehydrogenase, which differs from the induced enzyme in sedimentation and electrophoretic behavior. Although the constitutive enzyme resembles the induced form in many kinetic respects, it is relatively more active with glutaric semialdehyde as a substrate and is tentatively assigned a role in lysine metabolism. Growth on d-glucarate induces a dehydrogenase which, in all kinetic and physical respects examined, appears identical with that induced by growth on hydroxyproline.
Summary of the workshop on frontiers in functional programming and dataflow architecture (1988)

No abstract available.
Data from Metabolomic, DNA Methylomic, and Transcriptomic Profiling of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Effects on LPS-Exposed Lung Epithelial Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anticancer effects via epigenetic and non-epigenetic mechanisms. The role of SAHA in metabolic rewiring and epigenomic reprogramming to inhibit pro-tumorigenic cascades in lung cancer remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, DNA methylome reprogramming, and transcriptomic gene expression by SAHA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model of lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. LC/MS was used for metabolomic analysis, while next-generation sequencing was done to study epigenetic changes. The metabolomic study reveals that SAHA treatment significantly regulated methionine, glutathione, and nicotinamide metabolism with alteration of the metabolite levels of methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, glutathione, nicotinamide, 1-methylnicotinamide, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in BEAS-2B cells. Epigenomic CpG methyl-seq shows SAHA revoked a list of differentially methylated regions in the promoter region of the genes, such as &lt;i&gt;HDAC11, miR4509–1&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;miR3191&lt;/i&gt;. Transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) reveals SAHA abrogated LPS-induced differentially expressed genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, including &lt;i&gt;interleukin 1α (IL1α), IL1β, IL2, IL6, IL24&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;IL32&lt;/i&gt;. Integrative analysis of DNA methylome-RNA transcriptome displays a list of genes, of which CpG methylation correlated with changes in gene expression. qPCR validation of transcriptomic RNA-seq data shows that SAHA treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced mRNA levels of &lt;i&gt;IL1β, IL6, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;DNMT3A&lt;/i&gt; in BEAS-2B cells. Altogether, SAHA treatment alters the mitochondrial metabolism, epigenetic CpG methylation, and transcriptomic gene expression to inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses in lung epithelial cells, which may provide novel molecular targets to inhibit the inflammation component of lung carcinogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;Prevention Relevance:&lt;p&gt;Inflammation increases the risk of lung cancer and blocking inflammation could reduce the incidence of lung cancer. Herein, we demonstrate that histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid regulates metabolic rewiring and epigenetic reprogramming to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-driven inflammation in lung epithelial cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
High-Throughput Detection of Induced Mutations and Natural Variation Using KeyPoint™ Technology (2009)

Reverse genetics approaches rely on the detection of sequence alterations in target genes to identify allelic variants among mutant or natural populations. Current (pre-) screening methods such as TILLING and EcoTILLING are based on the detection of single base mismatches in heteroduplexes using endonucleases such as CEL 1. However, there are drawbacks in the use of endonucleases due to their relatively poor cleavage efficiency and exonuclease activity. Moreover, pre-screening methods do not reveal information about the nature of sequence changes and their possible impact on gene function. We present KeyPoint technology, a high-throughput mutation/polymorphism discovery technique based on massive parallel sequencing of target genes amplified from mutant or natural populations. KeyPoint combines multi-dimensional pooling of large numbers of individual DNA samples and the use of sample identification tags ("sample barcoding") with next-generation sequencing technology. We show the power of KeyPoint by identifying two mutants in the tomato eIF4E gene based on screening more than 3000 M2 families in a single GS FLX sequencing run, and discovery of six haplotypes of tomato eIF4E gene by re-sequencing three amplicons in a subset of 92 tomato lines from the EU-SOL core collection. We propose KeyPoint technology as a broadly applicable amplicon sequencing approach to screen mutant populations or germplasm collections for identification of (novel) allelic variation in a high-throughput fashion.
Leopard complex spotting. (2020)

This chapter describes the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of horse breeds with the leopard complex spotting coat colour and pattern.
Barely visible impact damage detection for composite sandwich structures by optical-fiber-based distributed strain measurement (2009)

The authors developed an impact damage-detection system for large-scale composite sandwich structures using an optical fiber network running throughout the structure. A Brillouin-based sensing system with high spatial resolution (pre-pump pulse Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (PPP-BOTDA)) was utilized for distributed strain measurement. The PPP-BOTDA sensing system can measure axial strain along the optical fiber by employing stimulated Brillouin scattering. The system realizes a spatial resolution of 10 cm, a sampling interval of 5 cm, and a sensing range of more than 1 km. Our previous study revealed that a non-uniform axial strain within centimeter spatial resolution broadens the width of the Brillouin gain spectrum, which is the output of the PPP-BOTDA. The specific response of the PPP-BOTDA was employed to detect non-uniform strain distribution along a residual facesheet dent in a damaged area. First, the response of the optical fiber sensor network, formed in the adhesive layer, was simulated to clarify the effectiveness and limitations of the proposed damage-detection technique. The system was then validated by an experiment. As the damage became larger, the width of the Brillouin gain spectra became broader. Consequently, the location and size of barely visible damage could be estimated. The system developed is quite useful for a first inspection of large-scale sandwich structures in aerospace and marine applications.
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma-Associated Anemia (1997)

(1) Pretreatment endogenous serum Epo levels were relatively low in all patients studied with MM-associated anemia; (2) rHuEpo was well tolerated in these patients; (3) rHuEpo was highly effective in the treatment of anemia in MM, and (4) the response to rHuEpo is characterized by an increase in Hb levels, a reduction in BTR and an improvement in the WHO PS score.
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in the elderly: A retrospective study in 129 patients over 11 years (2000-2010). (2013)

e17023 Background: There is no consensus for the management of elderly patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OC SCC). Surgeons have to estimate for each patient the benefit or the risk of aggressive treatments in this population. We report the experience of one French university hospital center in the treatment of OC SCC in patients aged &gt; = 70 years. Methods: One hundred and twenty nine patients aged &gt; = 70 years with a primary OC SCC diagnosed between 2000 and 2010 were included retrospectively. Independent risk factors of post-operative complication were identified using a logistic regression. Overall survival (OS) was estimated with Kaplan Meier method. Independent factors of survival were calculated using a Cox model. Results: Mean age was 78 (+/-6), sex ratio was 1.2. Women presented significantly more precancerous lesions (36% vs 21%, p=0.04), less alcohol intoxication (13% vs 59%, p&lt;0.001) and less tobacco consumption (41% vs 81%, p&lt;0.001). Half of the sample was stage T4 of TNM classification. Eighty eight percent of the patients received a curative treatment, including surgery for 101 patients. Among them, the surgical treatment was considered as “standard” (vs “substandard”) for 70%. Thirty percent of the surgical patients presented a post-operative complication. Independent risk factors of complications were T3/T4 stage (OR 4.5 [1.3-15.1]) N+ (vs N0 of TNM classification) (OR 7.3 [2.2-24.0]) and alcohol intoxication (OR 3.6 [1.1-11.4]). The median OS was 13.6 months (43.8 months for T1). There was no significant difference of OS between standard or substandard treatment groups. The independent negative prognostic factors for OS were age &gt; 79 years (HR 1.8 [1.2-2.7]), N+ (HR 1.9 [1.3-2.9]) and ASA score 3/4 (HR 1.8 [1.1-2.9]). Conclusions: In our experience, surgeons probably made the good choice between standard or substandard treatment according to the patient profile but this choice must be oriented by professional guidelines.
Discovery of 2′-α-C-Methyl-2′-β-C-fluorouridine Phosphoramidate Prodrugs as Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus (2016)

2'-α-C-Methyl-2'-β-C-fluorouridine and its phosphoramidate prodrugs were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HCV. The structure-activity relationship analysis of the phosphoramidate moiety found that <b>17m</b>, <b>17q</b>, and <b>17r</b> exhibit potent activities against HCV, with EC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.82 ± 0.19, 0.88 ± 0.12, and 2.24 ± 0.22 μM, respectively. The docking study revealed that the recognition of the 2'-β-F by Arg158, 3'-OH by N291, and the Watson-Crick pairing with the template allowed <b>23</b> to form the in-line conformation necessary for its incorporation into the viral RNA chain.
Advanced Bearing Technology (1964)

T HIS ROOK is an outgrowth of a set of lecture notes origir~ally published for an advanced course on bearing technology a t the University of California a t 110s Angeles.Its objectives are twofold:(1) To present an exposition of the fundamentals of (a) friction and wear, (b) fluid film bearinp, and (c) rolling-element bearings(2) To demonstrate, through discussion of selected research results, how fundamental principles can be applied to the solution of unique and advanced bearing problems involving environmental factors such as extreme temperature, radiation, high vacuum, and corrosive fluidsThe book is devoted primarily, in the examples and the discussion of research results, to advanced bearing problems; for example, the current and anticipated bearing problems in aircraft, in missiles, and in spacecraft are covered in some detail.The principles established and enunciated herein are, however, not limited in their application to advanced bearing problems.On the contrary, these principles apply equally well to mundane and ordinary bearing problems.hlany of the research investigations described herein were a part of the exploratory research program being conducted a t the laboratories of the NASA Lewis Research Center by the authors and their colleagues.This research program was designed to explore the fundamentals in advanced problem areas and to establish basic principles, where possible, in these advanced areas.Application of these basic principles is possible not only within the advanced areas but under ordinary conditions as well.
The chemistry of flavines and flavoproteins. Photoreduction of flavines by amino acids (1968)

1. Flavines are photoreduced through their triplet states by amines and amino acids (e.g. EDTA and dl-phenylglycine). The anaerobic photoreduction of FMN and several other flavines with dl-phenylglycine was analysed in terms of a detailed kinetic scheme. 2. The reaction produces equimolar amounts of benzaldehyde, carbon dioxide and reduced flavine. 3. The sensitivity of the rates to substituents in the dl-phenylglycine can be described by a Hammett rho-value of -1.1. 4. Phenylacetic acid behaves differently from dl-phenylglycine or benzylamine towards a series of flavines. 5. The photoreductions are quenched by several aromatic compounds. From the effects of light-intensity and temperature, and by comparison with potassium iodide quenching, it is concluded that inhibition by the aromatic compounds is not simply a collisional process. 6. FAD reacts more slowly than FMN both in the photoreduction and in dark reduction by NADH. Urea and dimethyl sulphoxide decrease the intramolecular interaction in FAD, but they have no effect on the rate of dark reduction of FAD compared with FMN. In contrast, the photoreduction of FAD is quicker in urea.
AFM-Detected Apoptotic Changes in Morphology and Biophysical Property Caused by Paclitaxel in Ishikawa and HeLa Cells (2012)

The apoptosis of cancer cells is associated with changes in the important cell properties including morphology, surface roughness and stiffness. Therefore, the changes in morphology and biophysical properties can be a good way of evaluating the anticancer activity of a drug. This study examined the effect of paclitaxel on the properties of Ishikawa and HeLa cells using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the relationship between the changes in morphology and the biophysical properties and apoptosis was discussed. The viability and proliferation of the cells were analyzed using the methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) method and a TUNEL assay to confirm cellular apoptosis due to a paclitaxel treatment. AFM observations clearly showed the apoptotic morphological and biophysical changes in Ishikawa and HeLa cells. After the paclitaxel treatment, the cell membrane was torn and holed, the surface roughness was increased, and the stiffness was decreased. These changes were observed more apparently after a 24 h treatment and in Ishikawa cells compared to HeLa cells. The MTT and TUNEL assays results revealed the Ishikawa cells to be more sensitive to paclitaxel than HeLa cells and definite apoptosis occurred after a 24 h treatment. These results showed good agreement with the AFM results. Therefore, research on the morphological and biophysical changes by AFM in cancer cells will help to evaluate the anticancer activities of the drugs.
POSTOPERATIVE FRACTURE OF THE GREATER TROCHANTER AFTER FEMORAL COMPONENT REVISION (2018)

There is a paucity of available literature to guide the surgeon treating postoperative fractures of the greater trochanter after femoral component revision. Between 2009 and 2016, 133 patients unde...
Raman spectroscopy of molybdenum oxides (2002)

MoO3−x samples were prepared under different temperature and gas atmosphere conditions. The samples, which are all of the crystallographic MoO3 structure, have been investigated by XRD, SEM, diffuse reflection (DR) UV/VIS and Raman spectroscopies to characterize their properties as a function of the different concentrations of oxygen vacancies. The different preparation conditions led to differences in the concentration of oxygen vacancies as well as primary crystallite sizes and morphologies. The UV/VIS spectra of the MoO3−x samples were deconvoluted into Gaussian bands attributed to ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT), d–d transitions, and intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) transitions of [Mo5+O5] and [Mo5+O6] defect centers. The IVCT band positions at 2 eV were used to determine the sample oxygen stoichiometries. A resonance Raman enhancement was observed for the MoO3−x samples and explained by resonant coupling to the electronic absorption of the type [Mo5+O5]–[Mo6+O6] → [Mo6+O5]–[Mo5+O6] at 2.03 eV. A linear correlation was found between the Raman band intensity ratios I285/I295 and the sample oxygen/metal ratio, and hence this Raman band intensity ratio can be used to determine the oxygen stoichiometry of MoO3−x. The integral intensity of the Raman band at 823 cm−1 was also found to depend on the oxygen stoichiometry. These observed changes of the integral Raman intensities of the band at 823 cm−1 are explained by the interplay of a resonant enhanced Raman scattering and changes of the positions of the IVCT transition to which the resonant Raman scattering is coupled. The intensity ratio of the translational Raman bands at 117 and 130 cm−1, on the other hand, was shown to be a function of the primary crystallite size. The observed resonance Raman effect is discussed in the frame of in situ Raman characterization of operating Mo-based catalysts.
Off-Grid DOA Estimation Using Alternating Block Coordinate Descent in Compressed Sensing (2015)

This paper presents a novel off-grid direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method to achieve the superior performance in compressed sensing (CS), in which DOA estimation problem is cast as a sparse reconstruction. By minimizing the mixed k-l norm, the proposed method can reconstruct the sparse source and estimate grid error caused by mismatch. An iterative process that minimizes the mixed k-l norm alternately over two sparse vectors is employed so that the nonconvex problem is solved by alternating convex optimization. In order to yield the better reconstruction properties, the block sparse source is exploited for off-grid DOA estimation. A block selection criterion is engaged to reduce the computational complexity. In addition, the proposed method is proved to have the global convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed method has the superior performance in comparisons to existing methods.