gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization and role of NPC1L1 in cholesterol absorption in human intestine (2006)

Recent studies have documented the presence of Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) in the small intestine and its capacity to transport cholesterol in mice and rats. The current investigation was undertaken to explore the localization and function of NPC1L1 in human enterocytes. Cell fractionation experiments revealed an NPC1L1 association with apical membrane of the enterocyte in human jejunum. Signal was also detected in lysosomes, endosomes, and mitochondria. Confirmation of cellular NPC1L1 distribution was obtained by immunocytochemistry. Knockdown of NPC1L1 caused a decline in the ability of Caco-2 cells to capture micellar [(14)C]free cholesterol. Furthermore, this NPC1L1 suppression resulted in increased and decreased mRNA levels and activity of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis, and of ACAT, the key enzyme in cholesterol esterification, respectively. An increase was also noted in the transcriptional factor sterol-regulatory element binding protein that modulates cholesterol homeostasis. Efforts were devoted to define the impact of NPC1L1 knockdown on other mediators of cholesterol uptake. RT-PCR evidence is presented to show the significant decrease in the levels of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) with no changes in ABCA1, ABCG5, and cluster determinant 36 in NPC1L1-deficient Caco-2 cells. Together, our data suggest that NPC1L1 contributes to intestinal cholesterol homeostasis and possibly cooperates with SR-BI to mediate cholesterol absorption in humans.
Excited State Properties of Lanthanide(III) Complexes with a Nonadentate Bispidine Ligand (2021)

Eu<sup>III</sup> , Tb<sup>III</sup> , Gd<sup>III</sup> and Yb<sup>III</sup> complexes of the nonadentate bispidine derivative L<sup>2</sup> (bispidine=3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) were successfully synthesized and their emission properties studied. The X-ray crystallography reveals full encapsulation by the nonadentate ligand L<sup>2</sup> that enforces to all Ln<sup>III</sup> cations a common highly symmetrical capped square antiprismatic (CSAPR) coordination geometry (pseudo C<sub>4v</sub> symmetry). The well-resolved identical emission spectra in solid state and in solution confirm equal structures in both media. As therefore expected, this results in long-lived excited states and high emission quantum yields ([Eu<sup>III</sup> L<sup>2</sup> ]<sup>+</sup> , H<sub>2</sub> O, 298 K, τ=1.51 ms, ϕ=0.35; [Tb<sup>III</sup> L<sup>2</sup> ]<sup>+</sup> , H<sub>2</sub> O, 298 K, τ=1.95 ms, ϕ=0.68). Together with the very high kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities, these complexes are a possible basis for interesting biological probes.
Inhibitor resistance and in situ capability of nanoparticle based gene quantification (2011)

We have demonstrated the preliminary results of the in situ monitoring capability of an inhibitor resistant gene quantification assay using magnetic bead (MB) and quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles (hereafter "MB-QD assay") for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in environmental samples. The selectivity of the MB-QD assay was demonstrated via the discrimination of the target bacteria in the presence of nonspecific microbial populations. The effect of temperature on the assay was examined to evaluate the necessity of elevated temperature incubation. The reagents (i.e., particle complex and particle-DNA conjugate) were also shown to have a stability of at least 10 days without refrigeration, therefore enabling prior preparation and the subsequent storage of these reagents. In addition, it was found that the MB-QD assay was resistant to the presence of naturally occurring inhibitors (i.e., humic acids, Ca(2+)) and residual reagents from DNA extraction (i.e., surfactant, ethanol). Overall the results indicated that the MB-QD assay is potentially suitable for further development as an in situ bacteria monitoring method for working with inhibitor laden samples without requiring additional purification steps and elevated temperature processes.
A Membrane-Based Flow-through Hybridization Technology: A Rapidand Versatile tool for Molecular Diagnostics (2008)

Genetic diseases remain an important cause of ailment, morbidity and death for children and adults. Despite the recent advances of tools for molecular diagnosis such as DNA chips and protein arrays which are capable of analyzing many genes, SNPs and proteins, few of these systems have been applied in clinical diagnosis because the apparatus are still expensive and many of the genetic tests are less likely to be developed commercially. Hence most genetic tests are still being performed through conventional methods such as Dot-Blot hybridization and Slot-blot hybridization in clinical laboratories worldwide. The expensive, time consuming and labor-intensive nature of these tests make them unaffordable for popular use. The availability of a low-cost diagnostic system will make molecular testing cost efficient and become readily available worldwide. In this report, we evaluated the Flow-through hybridization system. Our results show that Flow-through hybridization method produces higher sensitivity in 5 to 15 minutes compared to those obtained through conventional hybridization in hours to overnight respectively without sacrificing specificity. An apparatus can also be readily adopted for membrane-based home-brew tests, R&amp;D development as well as other commercially available diagnostic kits, hence making the Flow-through method a useful tool for molecular diagnosis.
Increased oxidative stress after repeated amphetamine exposure: possible relevance as a model of mania (2006)

Longer periods of exposure to AMPH were associated with increased oxidative stress in rat brain. This adds to the notion that repeated manic episodes may be associated with greater brain damage and, therefore, poorer outcomes.
Estudio comparativo de la eficacia y seguridad de epinastina versus loratadina en el tratamiento de pacientes con rinitis alérgica (1998)

Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la epinastina, un nuevo antihistaminico de segunda generacion, bloqueador selectivo de los receptores H1 vs loratadina en el tratamiento de la rinitis alergica perenne.
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990: Hazardous Air Pollutant Requirements and the DOE Clean Coal Technology Program (1991)

The purpose of the US Department of Energy -- Office of Fossil Energy (DOE FE) Clean Coal Technology Program (CCTP) is to provide the US energy marketplace with advanced, efficient, and environmentally sound coal-based technologies. The design, construction, and operation of Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Projects (CCTDP) will generate data needed to make informed, confident decisions on the commercial readiness of these technologies. These data also will provide information needed to ensure a proactive response by DOE and its industrial partners to the establishment of new regulations or a reactive response to existing regulations promulgated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The objectives of this paper are to: (1) Present a preliminary examination of the potential implications of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) -- Title 3 Hazardous Air Pollutant requirements to the commercialization of CCTDP; and (2) help define options available to DOE and its industrial partners to respond to this newly enacted Legislation.
An improved method for automatic detection and location of defects in electronic components using scanning ultrasonic microscopy (2002)

The paper deals with a method for the automatic analysis and characterization of defects due to encapsulation or/and surface mount processes of microelectronic devices. This method is based on digital signal processing of ultrasonic signals in the 10-100 MHz frequency range and in particular used for automatic evaluation of time-of-flight between echoes received by the acoustic transducer. The signals are firstly preprocessed by a new algorithm, based on the Wiener filtering, and then by a numeric algorithm, based on the wavelet transform, already applied successfully to this problem. The preprocessing phase increases the sensitivity of successive numeric algorithm. The theory underlying the preprocessor and the chosen procedure to implement it are described in detail. Furthermore, experimental results obtained applying the proposed method on acoustic signals from an electronic structure acquired through an ultrasonic scanning system are given and discussed.
Resource Allocation for the Cognitive Coexistence of Ad-Hoc and Cooperative Relay Networks (2010)

In this paper, we study a cognitive coexistence strategy for heterogeneous networks. While a lot of previous works focused on spectrum underlay approaches for weak interference scenarios, a high power infrastructure (IS) transmitter creates a large dead zone for nearby ad-hoc (AH) links using the same spectrum. To address this problem, we propose to utilize a half-duplex decode-and-forward (DF) relay node to assist the IS transmitter. The transmission time and power of relay-assisted IS network is optimized to reduce its generated interference while still guaranteeing its quality-of-service (QoS) level. The resource allocation problem of relay-assisted IS network is formulated as a convex optimization problem, for which a tailored dual optimization method is proposed. Our numerical results show that our relay-assisted scheme can produce less interference and/or achieve a higher QoS level.
Ruminal Bypass of Drinking Water in Lactating Cows (1984)

Drinking water that does not equilibrate with ruminal fluid, i.e., bypasses the rumen, was studied qualitatively and quantitatively in eight rumen-fistulated lactating Holstein cows. Decreased temperatures in the sulcus omasi and abomasum shortly after initiation of drinking indicated that water had bypassed the rumen. Recovery of a water-soluble marker, included in drinking water offered after water was withheld for 4.5 or 9 h following feeding, was used to estimate ruminal bypass. For respective treatments, 18 and 5% of drinking water was calculated to have bypassed the rumen. Ruminal bypass in lactating cows drinking relatively large amounts of water could affect comparisons of water intake with total ruminal fluid outflow as measured by dilution of a water-soluble marker. Drinking water should not be assumed to equilibrate with ruminal fluid.
Image Quality in UV Curing Jet-Ink Technology (2004)

UV curing inks based on 100% solids free-radical chemistry are finding increasingly wide application in inkjet printing. Such inks offer high jetting reliability and multi-purpose end-use properties, and much ink development effort has gone into these two requirements. However, a third but perhaps equally important requirement has not previously received the same attention &#x2013; image quality.Substrate, printing process and ink formulation variables may all play a key role in controlling image quality. However, whilst more established ink technologies such as water and solvent based inks will dry by penetration or evaporation, the drying mechanism for UV curing inks is quite different requiring a new understanding of the role of the UV ink formulation in image quality. This paper examines some of the issues from the perspective of UV curing inks, and looks at how tuning the chemistry of the ink formulation could modify image quality in a variety of applications.In addition, there is a huge number of substrate and process variables in the latest UV curing inkjet applications, together with a frequent need to match the appearance of the printed output to conventionally printed materials. Improved understanding of the link between UV ink formulation and image quality will become part of a more generic approach to coping with this complexity. Ultimately, success in this area could help speed up the time to market of new UV curing inkjet printing systems.
Electrolyte-gated transistors for synaptic electronics, neuromorphic computing, and adaptable biointerfacing (2020)

Functional emulation of biological synapses using electronic devices is regarded as the first step toward neuromorphic engineering and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) are mixed ionic–electronic conductivity devices capable of efficient gate-channel capacitance coupling, biocompatibility, and flexible architectures. Electrolyte gating offers significant advantages for the realization of neuromorphic devices/architectures, including ultralow-voltage operation and the ability to form parallel-interconnected networks with minimal hardwired connectivity. In this review, the most recent developments in EGT-based electronics are introduced with their synaptic behaviors and detailed mechanisms, including short-/long-term plasticity, global regulation phenomena, lateral coupling between device terminals, and spatiotemporal correlated functions. Analog memory phenomena allow for the implementation of perceptron-based ANNs. Due to their mixed-conductivity phenomena, neuromorphic circuits based on EGTs allow for facile interfacing with biological environments. We also discuss the future challenges in implementing low power, high speed, and reliable neuromorphic computing for large-scale ANNs with these neuromorphic devices. The advancement of neuromorphic devices that rely on EGTs highlights the importance of this field for neuromorphic computing and for novel healthcare technologies in the form of adaptable or trainable biointerfacing.
Fundamental study on design method of Yaw-Moment Observer for improvement of drivers' comfort for electric vehicle (2011)

Commercialized electric vehicles (EVs) at the present time are comparatively small and light. Such vehicles are sensitive to lateral wind especially at high speed, which reduces steering stability and comfortability. In this paper, Yaw-Moment Observer (YMO) is applied to improve steering stability and comfortability by reducing the effect of disturbance caused by lateral wind. Moreover, vehicle behavior can be designed freely since YMO can nominalize the vehicle yaw characteristics. Therefore the design method of YMO to improve driver comfort and ease of driving is considered. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with simulations and experiments. In addition, a quantitative evaluation method for evaluating steering stability is proposed.
Denoising Pre-Training and Data Augmentation Strategies for Enhanced RDF Verbalization with Transformers (2020)

The task of verbalization of RDF triples has known a growth in popularity due to the rising ubiquity of Knowledge Bases (KBs). The formalism of RDF triples is a simple and efficient way to store facts at a large scale. However, its abstract representation makes it difficult for humans to interpret. For this purpose, the WebNLG challenge aims at promoting automated RDF-to-text generation. We propose to leverage pre-trainings from augmented data with the Transformer model using a data augmentation strategy. Our experiment results show a minimum relative increases of 3.73%, 126.05% and 88.16% in BLEU score for seen categories, unseen entities and unseen categories respectively over the standard training.
Both B151-T cell replacing factor 1 and IL-5 regulate Ig secretion and IL-2 receptor expression on a cloned B lymphoma line. (1988)

In the present study, we have demonstrated that both B151-T cell-replacing factor 1 and rIL-5 are responsible for the activity to partially induce CL-3 cells into IgM-synthesizing cells and also to synergize with IL-2 to augment IL-2R expression on and IgM synthesis in CL-3 cells. These actions of rIL-5 on a homogeneous cloned line (BCL1-CL-3 cells) allow us to identify and characterize the two alternated B cell developmental pathways. One is an IL-2-independent, IL-5-driven differentiation pathway without preceding up-regulated IL-2R expression, and the other is an IL-5 plus IL-2-dependent augmented differentiation pathway with preceding up-regulated IL-2R expression. We have also demonstrated the functional difference of two distinct B cell growth-promoting factors, B cell-stimulating factor 1 (rIL-4) and rIL-5. CL-3 cells are equally stimulated to grow by rIL-4 and rIL-5, whereas only rIL-5 can render CL-3 cells responsive to rIL-2, indicating that these two lymphokines affect B cells in a strikingly different manner.
Production of polystyrene/poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) composite particles encapsulating hinokitiol (2003)

Abstract Polystyrene (PS)/poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) composite polymer particles containing hinokitiol (HT) were produced by suspension polymerization for ethylene glycol dimethacrylate droplets by the dissolution of HT and PS in poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solution. The composite particle had a hollow structure in which HT was included. The evaporation rate of HT from the composite particles became slower than that of pure HT. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 706–710, 2003
Paclitaxel and naringenin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles surface modified with cyclic peptides with improved tumor targeting ability in glioblastoma multiforme (2021)

The present work describes the systematic development of paclitaxel and naringenin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). So far only temozolomide therapy is available for the GBM treatment, which fails by large amount due to poor brain permeability of the drug and recurrent metastasis of the tumor. Thus, we investigated the drug combination containing paclitaxel and naringenin for the treatment of GBM, as these drugs have individually demonstrated significant potential for the management of a wide variety of carcinoma. A systematic product development approach was adopted where risk assessment was performed for evaluating the impact of various formulation and process parameters on the quality attributes of the SLNs. I-optimal response surface design was employed for optimization of the dual drug-loaded SLNs prepared by micro-emulsification method, where Percirol ATO5 and Dynasan 114 were used as the solid lipid and surfactant, while Lutrol F188 was used as the stabilizer. Drug loaded-SLNs were subjected to detailed in vitro and in vivo characterization studies. Cyclic RGD peptide sequence (Arg-Gly-Asp) was added to the formulation to obtain the surface modified SLNs which were also evaluated for the particle size and surface charge. The optimized drug-loaded SLNs exhibited particle size and surface charge of 129 nm and 23 mV, drug entrapment efficiency >80% and drug loading efficiency >7%. In vitro drug release study carried out by micro dialysis bag method indicated more than 70% drug was release observed within 8 h time period. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation showed significant improvement (p < 0.05) in drug absorption parameters (C<sub>max</sub> and AUC) from the optimized SLNs over the free drug suspension. Cytotoxicity evaluation on U87MG glioma cells indicated SLNs with higher cytotoxicity as compared to that of the free drug suspension (p < 0.05). Evaluation of uptake by florescence measurement indicated superior uptake of SLNs tagged with dye over the plain dye solution. Overall, the dual drug-loaded SLNs showed better chemoprotective effect over the plain drug solution, thus construed superior anticancer activity of the developed nanoformulation in the management of glioblastoma multiforme.
CFD-based analysis of nonlinear aeroelastic behavior of high-aspect ratio wings (2001)

A nonlinear aerodynamic methodology has been loosely coupled to a geometrically exact beam structural analysis to study the static aeroelastic behavior of a high-aspect-ratio wing. The aim of the present effort was to investigate the effects of adding aerodynamic nonlinearity on the elastic behavior, in particular identifying the areas of nonlinearities and their importance. Care was taken to evaluate the Euler solver and the transfer of data between the aerodynamic and structural modules to identify sources of numerical error that may contribute to incorrect modeling of large deflections. It was found that sensitivities near the wing tip and leading edge required additional attention when clustering the computational aerodynamic grid near the surface. Further, the transfer of loads from the Euler code to the structural code requires that the nonlinear drop of forces and moments be modeled as exactly as possible. Otherwise errors in the predicted geometric deformations of up to 10% can occur. These are exacerbated for cases with large deflections and twist. For loosely coupled static aeroelastic simulations, the nonlinear aerodynamic predictions provided by the solution of the Euler equations are lower than the predictions of the vortex panel code. This results in lower predicted bending and twist by the higher-order aerodynamic code, indicating that the divergence and possibly flutter speeds predicted by lower-order aerodynamics may be overly conservative.
Predictive Driving in an Unstructured Scenario Using the Bundle Adjustment Algorithm (2020)

In this article, the autonomous driving problem in an unstructured scene is addressed using a model predictive control (MPC) scheme. The lack of scene structure makes the sensing problem challenging, in particular when considered within a control loop. To circumvent this difficulty, the bundle adjustment (BA) algorithm from computer vision is used to detect obstacles and compute a sparse representation of the environment. In one of the main results of this article, it is shown how this sparse representation can be cast as additional safety constraints to the MPC optimization. The MPC/BA combination is intuitively appealing since they both solve quadratic problems and also because the BA estimations trend to be more accurate when the resulting constraints become active in the MPC solver. This article contains a theoretical presentation of the control scheme and discusses implementation details. An example of the overall approach at work can be seen in https://youtu.be/aU46vpzDHso.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum Pentachloride‐Induced Reaction of Cyclopropyl‐Substituted Carbonyl Compounds. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel application of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy using CyberKnife® for early-stage renal cell carcinoma in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease: Initial clinical experiences (2014)

The treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires particular care in order to preserve the remaining renal function. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of a novel nephron-sparing treatment, which is capable of targeting tumors embedded deep within tissues. The present study analyzed three patients, with pre-existing CKD and multiple comorbidities, who were successfully treated for stage I RCC using the CyberKnife<sup>®</sup> stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) system. The total prescribed dose was 40 Gy in five fractions administered over five consecutive days. Treatment efficiency was determined using computed tomography scans of the tumors and periodic measurements of the glomerular filtration rate over a period of 12-40 months. Local control, defined as a radiologically stable condition, was achieved in all patients. Lung metastasis was observed in one patient nine months after SABR; however, the side-effects were generally mild and self-limiting. One patient developed renal failure 26 months after SABR, while the severity of CKD was only marginally altered in the other two patients and renal failure did not occur. In conclusion, in the present study, SABR with CyberKnife<sup>®</sup> was observed to be well tolerated in the patients, with an acceptable acute toxicity effect. Therefore, it may represent a potential therapeutic option for patients with early-stage RCC who have previously been diagnosed with CKD, but for whom other nephron-sparing treatments are contraindicated.