gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Identified Strategies to Forge Multivariate Signature Schemes (2022)

A rogue certificate authority (RCA) is a dishonest entity that has the trust of web browsers and users to produce valid key pairs which are vulnerable. This work analyses two acknowledged post-quantum secure Multivariate Quadratic Problem (MQP) based signature schemes, namely the UOV and Rainbow signature schemes that obtain their key pair from a potential RCA methodology. We revisit two and provide a novel RCA methodology that would enable adversaries to forge UOV and Rainbow signatures. We also lay out two strategies to identify whether the public parameters are generated by the first two methodologies. To this end, strategies to identify the third strategy remain elusive. As such, the UOV and Rainbow schemes remain vulnerable to forgery if it was forged via the third methodology.
Block Spread IFDMA: An Improved Uplink Transmission Scheme (2007)

10.1109/PIMRC.2007.4394856
A Role for the Ral Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Stimulator in Mediating Ras-induced Transformation (1996)

Oncogenic Ras transforms cells through the activation of multiple downstream pathways mediated by separate effector molecules, one of which is Raf. Here we report the identification of a second ras-binding protein that can induce cellular transformation in parallel with activation of the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. The Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) was isolated from a screen for Ras-binding proteins that specifically interact with a Ras effector-loop mutant, ras(12V,37G), that uncouples Ras from activation of Raf1. RalGDS, like ras(12V, 37G), cooperates synergistically with mutationally activated Raf to induce foci of growth and morphologically transformed NIH 3T3 cells. RalGDS does not significantly enhance MAP kinase activation by activated Raf, suggesting that the cooperativity in focus formation is due to a distinct pathway acting downstream of Ras and parallel to Raf.
P3–333: A novel tau conformation in Alzheimer's disease revealed by antibody DC11 (2006)

While all the available data suggest that normal tau has no discrete structure, the presence of highly ordered tau assemblies (e.g., PHF) in Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) indicate that, in the disease state, tau can and does adopt a different conformation. Inherent physicochemical properties of tau preclude conformational analysis of PHF by X–ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. In such situations, well characterized antibodies provide invaluable tool to assess the protein folding if they recognize conformational epitope. To develop monoclonal antibody with genuine specificity to novel conformation characteristic of AD altered tau, not present on normal soluble tau. The set of current molecular biology techniques has been used for molecular analysis of the monoclonal antibody epitope. A novel conformation on AD tau associated with tau truncation was characterized by monoclonal antibody DC11. In immunohistochemistry and western blot DC11 showed specificity for truncated Alzheimer's tau only. DC11 recognizes a conformational epitope on tau fragments truncated at the N– or C–termini. This epitope does not exist on full length healthy tau. Using tau deletion mutants we deduced the minimal length of truncated tau to the sequence τ306–386, which was still able to assume a DC11–specific conformation. The negative interaction of DC11 with truncated tau τ326–391 delineates N–terminal extent of DC11 epitope to residues τ306–325. In particular, two segments, τ306–315 and τ321–325 respectively, were found as crucial for antibody recognition. Furthermore, the full DC11–epitope required also C–terminal residues τ377–385. It is the first proof that tau is able to undergo this novel folding event as a consequence of its truncation. Since DC11 mapped this novel conformational alteration on soluble truncated tau to AD, we suggest that DC11 truncated tau could represent frequently discussed “seed” in aggregation reactions where pre–formed filaments composed of this DC11 truncated tau could serve as the nidus, an incubator for addition of full–length tau molecules.
Thermogenic responsiveness to β‐adrenergic stimulation is augmented in exercising versus sedentary adults: role of oxidative stress (2005)

Beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) modulation of resting and postprandial energy expenditure (EE) is augmented in regularly exercising compared with sedentary adults, but the underlying physiological mechanisms are unknown. Differences in thermogenic responsiveness to beta-AR stimulation, perhaps secondary to reactive oxygen species (ROS) bioactivity, may be involved. To determine habitual exercise-related differences in beta-AR thermogenic responsiveness and the possible influence of ROS, we measured the percentage increase in EE (DeltaEE%; indirect calorimetry, ventilated hood method) above resting EE in response to non-specific beta-AR stimulation (intravenous isoproterenol (isoprenaline): 6, 12 and 24 ng (kg fat-free mass)-1 min-1) in 25 sedentary (11 males; 51+/-4 years; body mass index 25.0+/-0.8 kg m-2, maximal oxygen uptake 29+/-1 ml kg-1 min-1 (mean+/-s.e.m.)) and 14 habitually aerobic exercising (9 males, 46+/-6 years, 23.1+/-0.7 kg m-2, 44+/-3 ml kg-1 min-1) healthy adults under normal (control) conditions and during acute intravenous administration of a potent antioxidant, ascorbic acid (vitamin C; 0.04 g (kg fat-free mass)-1). DeltaEE% was greater (P=0.02) in the habitually exercising (8.6+/-1.2, 12.9+/-1.2, 20.0+/-1.4) versus sedentary (6.3+/-0.7, 10.4+/-0.8, 16.0+/-1.0) adults. Ascorbic acid increased (P=0.01) DeltaEE% only in the sedentary adults (to 9.5+/-0.9, 12.4+/-0.7, 18.5+/-0.8), abolishing baseline group differences. DeltaEE% was not related to the amount of body fat, sex, or any other baseline characteristic. Thermogenic responsiveness to beta-AR stimulation is augmented in habitually exercising adults. The mechanism is ascorbic acid dependent, suggesting that it may be linked to decreased ROS bioactivity. Our findings advance a novel mechanism by which habitual physical activity may modulate EE in humans, with potential implications for energy balance and body weight control.
Myeloma therapy: from the bench to the clinic (2002)

Despite advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma, the disease continues to be incurable. Chemotherapy, including high-dose therapy, does not result in cure, increase overall survival, and probably does not impact to a significant degree progression-free survival since
Modeling and Analysis of a Stable Direction-Based Routing Protocol in Vehicle Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

Considering the specific characteristics of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), such as high mobility, variable density, and non-uniform distribution, it is a challenging task to find a stable and efficient routing path in VANETs. In addition, analytical models are rarely existed which can quantificationally evaluate routing protocols from an algorithmic perspective. In this paper, a novel analytical model was proposed for the evaluation of routing breakage in urban environment. Furthermore, a Direction Based AODV Routing Protocol (DBAP), which concerns vehicle's moving direction as an assistant ingredient was presented to enhance the performance of AODV. The simulation results show the validity of the proposed model, as well as the improved performance of DBAP in link-breakage and drop ratio.
Impact of an immune modulator fingolimod on acute ischemic stroke (2014)

Peripheral lymphocytes entering brain ischemic regions orchestrate inflammatory responses, catalyze tissue death, and worsen clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in preclinical studies. However, it is not known whether modulating brain inflammation can impact the outcome of patients with AIS. In this open-label, evaluator-blinded, parallel-group clinical pilot trial, we recruited 22 patients matched for clinical and MRI characteristics, with anterior cerebral circulation occlusion and onset of stroke that had exceeded 4.5 h, who then received standard management alone (controls) or standard management plus fingolimod (FTY720, Gilenya, Novartis), 0.5 mg per day orally for 3 consecutive days. Compared with the 11 control patients, the 11 fingolimod recipients had lower circulating lymphocyte counts, milder neurological deficits, and better recovery of neurological functions. This difference was most profound in the first week when reduction of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 4 vs. -1, respectively (P = 0.0001). Neurological rehabilitation was faster in the fingolimod-treated group. Enlargement of lesion size was more restrained between baseline and day 7 than in controls (9 vs. 27 mL, P = 0.0494). Furthermore, rT1%, an indicator of microvascular permeability, was lower in the fingolimod-treated group at 7 d (20.5 vs. 11.0; P = 0.005). No drug-related serious events occurred. We conclude that in patients with acute and anterior cerebral circulation occlusion stroke, oral fingolimod within 72 h of disease onset was safe, limited secondary tissue injury from baseline to 7 d, decreased microvascular permeability, attenuated neurological deficits, and promoted recovery.
Protein denaturation with guanidine hydrochloride or urea provides a different estimate of stability depending on the contributions of electrostatic interactions (1994)

The objective of this study was to address the question of whether or not urea and guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) give the same estimates of the stability of a particular protein. We previously suspected that the estimates of protein stability from GdnHCl and urea denaturation data might differ depending on the electrostatic interactions stabilizing the proteins. Therefore, 4 coiled-coil analogs were designed, where the number of intrachain and interchain electrostatic attractions (A) were systematically changed to repulsions (R): 20A, 15A5R, 10A10R, and 20R. The GdnHCl denaturation data showed that the 4 coiled-coil analogs, which had electrostatic interactions ranging from 20 attractions to 20 repulsions, had very similar [GdnHCl]1/2 values (average of congruent to 3.5 M) and, as well, their delta delta Gu values were very close to 0 (0.2 kcal/mol). In contrast, urea denaturation showed that the [urea]1/2 values proportionately decreased with the stepwise change from 20 electrostatic attractions to 20 repulsions (20A, 7.4 M; 15A5R, 5.4 M; 10A10R, 3.2 M; and 20R, 1.4 M), and the delta delta Gu values correspondingly increased with the increasing differences in electrostatic interactions (20A-15A5R, 1.5 kcal/mol; 20A-10A10R, 3.7 kcal/mol; and 20A-20R, 5.8 kcal/mol). These results indicate that the ionic nature of GdnHCl masks electrostatic interactions in these model proteins, a phenomenon that was absent when the unchanged urea was used. Thus, GdnHCl and urea denaturations may give vastly different estimates of protein stability, depending on how important electrostatic interactions are to the protein.
Sur le bassin considéré dans les races humaines (1864)

Joulin . Sur le bassin considéré dans les races humaines. In: Bulletins de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, I° Série. Tome 5 fascicule 1, 1864. p. 443.
Mimicking High-Silica Zeolites: Highly Stable Germanium- and Tin-Rich Zeolite-Type Chalcogenides (2015)

High-silica zeolites, as exemplified by ZSM-5, with excellent chemical and thermal stability, have generated a revolution in industrial catalysis. In contrast, prior to this work, high-silica-zeolite-like chalcogenides based on germanium/tin remained unknown, even after decades of research. Here six crystalline high-germanium or high-tin zeolite-type sulfides and selenides with four different topologies are reported. Their unprecedented framework compositions give these materials much improved thermal and chemical stability with high surface area (Langmuir surface area of 782 m(2)/g(-1)) comparable to or better than zeolites. Among them, highly stable CPM-120-ZnGeS allows for ion exchange with diverse metal or complex cations, resulting in fine-tuning in porosity, fast ion conductivity, and photoelectric response. Being among the most porous crystalline chalcogenides, CPM-120-ZnGeS (exchanged with Cs(+) ions) also shows reversible adsorption with high capacity and affinity for CO2 (98 and 73 cm(3) g(-1) at 273 and 298 K, respectively, isosteric heat of adsorption = 40.05 kJ mol(-1)). Moreover, CPM-120-ZnGeS could also function as a robust photocatalyst for water reduction to generate H2. The overall activity of H2 production from water, in the presence of Na2S-Na2SO3 as a hole scavenger, was 200 μmol h(-1)/(0.10 g). Such catalytic activity remained undiminished under illumination by UV light for as long as measured (200 h), demonstrating excellent resistance to photocorrosion even under intense UV radiation.
Recovery of Waste Material from Biobags: 3D Printing Process and Thermo-Mechanical Characteristics in Comparison to Virgin and Composite Matrices (2022)

The purpose of this study is to limit the environmental impact of packaging applications by promoting the recycling of waste products and the use of sustainable materials in additive manufacturing technology. To this end, a commercial polylactide acid (PLA)-based filament derived from waste production of bio-bags is herein considered. For reference, a filament using virgin PLA and one using a wood-based biocomposite were characterized as well. Preliminary testing involved infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of printing parameters (namely bed temperature, layer thickness, top surface layers, retraction speed, and distance) on the final aesthetics of 3D printed parts was verified. The results allow us to attest that the thermal properties of recycled polymer are comparable to those of virgin PLA and biocomposite. In the case of recycled polymer, after the extrusion temperature, bed temperature, and printing speed are estabilished the lowest allowable layer thickness and an appropriate choice of retraction movements are required in order to realize 3D-printed objects without morphological defects visible to the naked eyes. In the case of wood biocomposite, the printing process was complicated by frequent obstructions, and in none of the operating conditions was it possible to obtain an aesthetically satisfying piece of the chosen geometry (Lego-type bricks) Finally, mechanical testing on the 3D printed parts of each system showed that the recycled PLA behaves similarly to virgin and wood/PLA filaments.
Beam wander effects on the scintillation index of a focused beam (2005)

First-order weak-fluctuation Rytov theory predicts that the longitudinal (on-axis) scintillation component of an untracked focused beam projected along a horizontal path will become significantly smaller as the size of the transmitter aperture increases. At the same time, the radial component near the diffractive edge of the beam is predicted to increase without bound. The results of recent computer simulations are at odds with this behavior, and we believe that this discrepancy is due to the fact that Rytov theory does not correctly account for the effects of beam wander. We present a theoretical structure that accurately describes far-field irradiance fluctuations caused by uncorrected tilt jitter. This new theory is validated by demonstrating excellent agreement between the predicted scintillation index and computer code results for both tracked and untracked beams. For many applications of practical interest, such as free-space optical communications, a good understanding of the time-average Strehl ratio is also essential; simulation results for this parameter are presented and shown to be in good agreement with theory.
Ultrasonic Bubble Imaging in Molten Salt Using a Multi-Mode Waveguide and Time Reversal (2022)

Direct ultrasound imaging of technical processes in harsh environments, such as high-temperature melts, is not possible beyond the destruction limits of ultrasound transducers. A waveguide between the measured medium and the sensitive ultrasound transducer allows acoustic access to the former while protecting the latter. State-of-the-art single-mode waveguides allow for acoustical coupling between a transducer and the measured medium but are unsuited for real-time imaging since mechanical scanning is necessary. In contrast, multimode waveguides can transmit complex 2-D signals to an imaged region. While multimode waveguides require adaptive wavefront correction to compensate for the complex propagation inside, they allow the reduction of mechanical complexity with the application of the time-reversal virtual array (TRVA) method. This calibration method takes advantage of the time invariance of sound propagation in linear media to identify and compensate for the propagation inside the waveguide. This work proposes a novel <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in situ</i> calibration procedure for system identification based on a traversing passive point scatterer. We characterize the imaging capacity of such a TRVA inside a molten nitrate salt at about 300 °C, exceeding the array’s operating temperature by 250 °C. By real-time imaging rising gas bubbles in the melt for the first time, we demonstrate the method’s potential for monitoring dynamic processes, such as metallurgical bubble column reactors with hot and opaque melts.
Single-frequency tunable pulsed thin disk laser for drop tower applications (2006)

The combination of laser diagnostics and short term microgravity (/spl mu/g) conditions has become an important tool for the investigation of combustion processes. In this paper, a pulsed Yb:YAG laser tunable around 1030 nm is designed for autonomous operation under microgravity conditions. A pulse energy of 21 mJ at 1 kHz and a pulse duration of 20 ns is demonstrated.
SAW-LC coupled resonator wideband VCO for medical telemetry (2016)

Wireless links with implantable devices can help in real-time monitoring of symptoms, irregularities, implanted device efficacy and their reconfiguration. We present the design of a low-power wideband voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to facilitate implantable wireless telemetry. A coupled SAW-LC resonator design combines high Q and spectral purity of a SAW element and tunability of an LC-tank. The designed 2.7 MHz bandwidth VCO is suitable for full duplex communication protocols in the MedRadio band with frequency agility and higher duty cycles, in conformance with FCC regulations. Output power at the fundamental frequency is above -7.5 dBm for a wide range of load impedances. Output power load insensitivity provides a wide margin for selection of communication system parameters, variability in device placement, temporal variation in tissue properties and flexibility for implants at different locations (e.g. heart, gastrointestinal tract, brain). The maximum output power variation in the entire 2.7 MHz band is limited to 1.3 dBm. Sensitivity of oscillation frequency to loading can be addressed by individual device calibration. The small size, component count and low DC power consumption (1.9 V, ~1.95 mW) is favorable for including in a miniaturized and integrated design assembly with a battery-powered implanted device.
EVOLUTION OF TRAITS IN COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTS: DROUGHT TOLERANCE AND DEFENSE CORRELATIONS IN CLOSELY RELATED CONGENERS (2005)

Drought has obvious effects on primary plant functions such as vascular activity, growth, respiration/transpiration, etc., and the effects that drought has on presumed secondary plant functions, such as defense, have also been investigated, although the outcomes and mechanisms have been inconclusive. Even less is know about the effects of drought adaptations on defense expression. To investigate the effects of drought and adaptations to drought tolerance on defenses against herbivores, we compared two closely related congeners that segregate naturally into habitats that differ dramatically in water availability. We compared these congeners experimentally for their ability to grow and defend in under water-deficient conditions. The two species of Arabis that were used in the comparison, Arabis drummondii and Arabis holboellii, occur throughout western North America in mountainous habitats. A. holboellii exists at low to mid-altitudes in more arid environments, such as sage brush habitat typical of the great basin desert, and A. drummondii exists from mid to high altitudes in more moist environments, such as alpine meadows.
Rapid Measurement of Microbial Extracellular Respiration Ability Using a High-Throughput Colorimetric Assay (2015)

Microbial extracellular respiration (MER) involves the transfer of electrons to extracellular substrates and has significant environmental implications. Conventional methods for MER ability determination are reagent- and time-consuming, have a low throughput, or require noncommercial instruments. In this study, a plate-based colorimetric assay is proposed to measure MER ability. This method utilizes the peroxidase activity of the key components (multi-heme c-type cytochromes) of the extracellular electron-transfer network. The bacterial intrinsic peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of chromogen (e.g., tetramethylbenzidine) resulted in a measurable color change correlated with the MER ability of the tested microorganisms. The results of the proposed colorimetric assay correspond well with those of traditional methods, such as the dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction method (Spearman’s ρ of 0.946; P < 0.01) and the electricity generation method (Spearman’s ρ of 0.893; P < 0.01). The proposed method allows researchers to identify extracellular respiring bacteria within several minutes and to measure their MER ability quantitatively by a plate-based assay.
Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM (2018)

Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communications due to its simplified digital signal processing (DSP) units, high spectral-efficiency, flexibility, and tolerance to linear impairments. However, CO-OFDM’s high peak-to-average power ratio imposes high vulnerability to fiber-induced non-linearities. DSP-based machine learning has been considered as a promising approach for fiber non-linearity compensation without sacrificing computational complexity. In this paper, we review the existing machine learning approaches for CO-OFDM in a common framework and review the progress in this area with a focus on practical aspects and comparison with benchmark DSP solutions.
Involvement of the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase in cell resistance to complement-mediated lysis (2001)

Sublytic doses of complement desensitize cells and make them resistant to lytic complement doses. This process, named complement-induced protection, requires calcium ion influx, protein kinase C activation and protein synthesis. The involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK, in cell desensitization by sublytic complement was examined in erythroleukaemia K562 cells and in COS-7 cells. As shown here, ERK is activated in K562 and COS-7 cells within 10 min of sublytic immune attack and then shows a decline and a second peak of activation at 20 min. C7- and C8-deficient human sera have a small effect on ERK activity. However, a significant increase in ERK activation is observed when C7 or C8, respectively, is added back to these sera. Complement-induced ERK activation was blocked in cells treated with GF109203X or Go6976, two selective PKC inhibitors, as well as by treatment with PD098059, an inhibitor of MEK1, the ERK kinase. PD098059 treatment also sensitized K562 cells to complement-mediated lysis and prevented complement-induced protection. COS-7 cells transfected with a dominant-negative MEK plasmid were incapable of undergoing the process of complement-induced protection. In conclusion, cell desensitization by sublytic doses of the complement membrane attack complex involves a signalling cascade that includes PKC-mediated ERK activation.