gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Salvia divinorum in a Nationally Representative Sample (2011)

The results of this study suggest that salvia use is most common among young adults aged 18-25 years as well as individuals who had engaged in risk-taking behaviors (selling illicit drugs, stealing) or illicit drug use (especially other hallucinogens/ecstasy). Self-reported depression and anxiety were also associated with salvia use. CONCLUSIONS/SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: The results provide evidence that salvia use is part of a broader constellation of psychosocial and behavioral problems among youth and young adults. The accessibility, legal status, and psychoactive effects of salvia can be a potentially complicating health risk to young people, especially among those with existing substance use problems.
Myopia and Stature: Findings in a Population of 106,926 Males (1995)

We conducted a nation-wide study of the relationship of myopia with height, weight and body-mass index in order to confirm observations that myopic persons are taller than non-myopes. From a review of the data of 106,926, consecutive male military recruits aged 17 to 19 years, we found that myopia is associated neither with higher stature nor with greater weight. Persons with severe myopia were slightly shorter (172.8 +/- 7.1 cm) and weighed less (62.6 +/- 11.0 kg) than those with mild myopia (173.3 +/- 6.9 cm and 63.8 +/- 10.5 kg respectively), while the non-myopes were taller (173.7 +/- 6.7 cm) and heavier (63.9 +/- 10.2 kg) than the myopes (p = 0.0001). The mean body-mass index was only slightly smaller among the myopes (21.1 +/- 3.1 kg/m2) than among the non-myopes (21.2 +/- 2.9 kg/m2, p = 0.0001).
Ferrugem da folha sobre genótipos de aveia com diferentes níveis de resistência: danos e perdas (2021)

A evolução da virulência de Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae desafia a resistência genética de cultivares de aveia à ferrugem da folha. Novas fontes de resistência são constantemente necessárias para estabilizar a produção e reduzir custos. Os objetivos desse estudo foram caracterizar a resistência de seis genótipos de aveia à ferrugem da folha e avaliar o impacto produtivo e econômico causado pela doença. Foram conduzidos ensaios em dois ambientes com e sem o controle químico. A resistência foi medida via progresso da doença, taxa aparente de infecção, severidade final e tamanho da pústula. As perdas foram avaliadas em rendimento, massa de mil grãos e massa do hectolitro. UFRGS 16Q6030-2 foi imune. Em ambos os ambientes, UFRGS 166091-2 e URS Brava exibiram os maiores níveis de resistência e as menores reduções no rendimento de grãos, enquanto URS 22 teve a maior suscetibilidade, com redução superior a 70% no rendimento de grãos. Os resultados obtidos superam os impactos negativos da doença previamente relatados em aveia, particularmente em relação ao rendimento de grãos. Os dados apresentados neste trabalho ressaltam a importância da resistência genética, particularmente a parcial, na manutenção do potencial genético produtivo, na redução de contaminações ambientais pelo menor uso de fungicidas e na ampliação dos ganhos econômicos com a cultura da aveia.
Research on the traditional Chinese medicine treating gastrointestinal motility in diabetic rats by improving biomechanical remodeling and neuroendocrine regulation. (2017)

Previous studies have demonstrated that TWA, a Chinese herbal medicine, could significantly improve the symptoms of patients with diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction. However, the specific mechanism of regulating intestinal peristalsis has not been found. This study aimed to discover TWA's therapeutic mechanism for regulating intestinal motility. The intestinal propulsion rate of diabetic rats was significantly increased after treatment with TWA for 8 weeks. Aiming at the mechanical structure, biomechanical testing indicated that TWA can significantly decrease the no-load intestinal wall thickness, cross-sectional area, and angular spread in a zero-stress state. Notably, intestinal stress-strain curve shifted to the right, which indicated TWA can inhibit intestinal hyperplasia and hardening and improve biomechanical remodeling. Further study of the mechanism revealed that TWA significantly inhibited the expression of AGE in the villi, crypt, and muscle and RAGE in crypt and upregulated the expression of nerve regulator (PSD95, C-kit and SCF). Radioimmunoassay showed TWA treatment decreased levels of serum somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide. Moreover, associations were found between the intestinal propulsion rate with the morphologic and biomechanical remodeling parameters, changes of nerve factors, and endocrine hormones. Morphologic and biomechanical remodeling of the intestinal wall are the pathologic basis of gastrointestinal dysfunction. TWA can benefit intestinal motility by improving biomechanical and morphologic remodeling and by regulating expression of neuroendocrine factors. The results showed that the effect of TWA was dose-dependent, the higher the dose, the greater is the improvement. Thus, traditional Chinese medicine might be a valuable tool for treating diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction.
A Memory-Efficient FPGA-based Classification Engine (2008)

Packet classification is one of the most important enabling technologies for next generation network services. Even though many multi-dimensional classification algorithms have been proposed, most of them are precluded from commercial equipments due to their high memory requirements. In this paper, we present an efficient packet classification scheme, implemented in reconfigurable hardware, called Dual Stage Bloom Filter Classification Engine (2sBFCE). 2sBFC comprises of an innovative 5-field search scheme that decomposes multi-field classification rules into internal single-field rules which are combined using multi-level Bloom filters. The design of 2sBFCE is optimized for the common case based on analysis of real world classification databases. The FPGA implementation of the proposed scheme handles 4K rules, with very small memory requirements, while supporting network streams at a rate of 2Gbps in the worst case, and more than 6Gbps in the average case.
Adrenal insufficiency in neonates after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (2016)

Neonatal cardiac surgery with CPB and preoperative methylprednisolone leads to AI as determined by low-dose ACTH stimulation test in one-third of patients. AI is associated with increased serum lactate and colloid resuscitation in OR. Impact of preoperative methylprednisolone on results is not defined. Benefit of postoperative steroid administration in neonates with post-CPB AI warrants further investigation.
Planification de la recherche d'une cible par une plateforme aéroportée (2022)

International audience
Improving the Robustness of the G.722 Wideband Speech Codec to Packet Losses for Voice Over Wlans (2006)

Since the G.722 wideband speech codec offers higher quality and naturalness than G.711, is low in complexity, has low delay, and tandems well with other codecs, it is an attractive codec for voice over IP and voice over wireless LANs. However, packet losses in G.722 not only require good concealment of the lost frame, but a lost frame results in a mismatch of the encoder/decoder states for the next correctly received frame following the lost frame. Although proprietary schemes exist, the G.722 codec has no standardized packet loss concealment (PLC) method. We present a new PLC method for G.722 and propose an efficient approach to sending the side information to resynchronize the encoder and decoder that greatly improves the robustness of the G.722 codec to packet losses
Identification of ancillary fim genes affecting fimA expression in Salmonella typhimurium (1992)

Regulation of the gene, fimA, encoding the major fimbrial subunit of S. typhimurium S6704 was examined by using a lambda fimA-lacZ lysogen. Transformation of the lambda fimA-lacZ lysogen with various derivatives of the recombinant plasmid that encodes type 1 fimbrial expression, pISF101, indicated that two regions of this plasmid alter beta-galactosidase production. One plasmid is a deletion resulting in the loss of a 28-kDa polypeptide downstream of fimA, while the other plasmid encodes a 24- and a 27-kDa polypeptide. Northern (RNA) blot analyses indicated that the steady-state fimA mRNA levels of these transformants were high. In addition, phenotypic expression of type 1 fimbriae by agar-grown cultures is observed only in those transformants bearing plasmids which show increased beta-galactosidase and fimA mRNA levels.
Commissioning a microwave based Collective Thomson Scattering (CTS) diagnostic on ASDEX-upgrade (2007)

Introduction: The fast ion collective Thomson scattering (CTS) diagnostic installed on ASDEX Upgrade (CTS-AUG) uses mm-waves generated by the newly installed 1 MW dual frequency gyrotron as probing radiation at 105 GHz [1]. The CTS-AUG makes use of one of the ECRH launching systems (gyrotron, transmission line and antenna) as a receiver. The scattered radiation will be intersected by a moveable mirror in the transmission line and
Production Of Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Patent WO 2013/153404 A1) (2013)

A recombinant camelina plant or cell comprising one or more polynucleotides encoding a Delta6-desaturase, a Delta6-elongase and a Delta5-desaturase operably linked with one or more regulatory sequences.
Controlling Ion-Exchange Balance and Morphology in Cation Exchange from Cu3–xP Nanoplatelets into InP Crystals (2019)

Synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals (NCs), which are not readily available via the wet-chemical approach based on arrested precipitation, has often relied on templated growth. Cation exchange, in which guest cations in bulk solution replace host cations in template NCs, has evolved as one of the most powerful examples. Despite its versatility and facileness, there are caveats because most of the cation-exchange processes presuppose the formation of crystalline defects, which are more or less uncontrolled in terms of population and locations. The defect formation is a consequence of the imbalance between extraction and incorporation of host and guest cations. Here, we demonstrate the controlling of ion-exchange balance in the Cu+-to-In3+ cation-exchange reaction of Cu3–xP nanoplatelets (NPLs), which triggers the nanoscale Kirkendall effect, a representative phenomenon of crystal defect generation, clearly shown by morphology change of NPLs. Cation-exchanged NPLs exhibit various morphologies depending on the ligand composition introduced in the cation-exchange reaction. For example, Kirkendall voids appear inside NPLs when Cu+ is expected to undergo solvation more than In3+ is dissolved. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of partially cation-exchanged NPLs show separate steps of Kirkendall void nucleation and growth at the Cu3–xP/InP interface. Elemental analysis combined with a mathematical description of stoichiometry of the Cu3–xP segment enables the quantification of Cu+ vacancy concentration, which has to do with Kirkendall void nucleation. Estimation of ion solvation energetics reveals that the composition of solvating ligands is responsible for imbalance between cation solvation and desolvation, resulting in an increase in Cu+ vacancy. In addition to defect generation inside a crystal, defect removal is visualized via the transformation of cracked InP NPLs into hollow NPLs after annealing at high temperature. Our in-depth study on ion-exchange balance and morphology change in cation-exchange reaction not only provides mechanistic insights into internal defect formation and removal process accompanied with cation exchange but also opens up the possibility of diverse morphology control of NCs.
On the Performance of the MIMO Zero-Forcing Receiver in the Presence of Channel Estimation Error (2007)

By employing spatial multiplexing, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless antenna systems provide increases in capacity without the need for additional spectrum or power. Zero-forcing (ZF) detection is a simple and effective technique for retrieving multiple transmitted data streams at the receiver. However the detection requires knowledge of the channel state information (CSI) and in practice accurate CSI may not be available. In this letter, we investigate the effect of channel estimation error on the performance of MIMO ZF receivers in uncorrelated Rayleigh flat fading channels. By modeling the estimation error as independent complex Gaussian random variables, tight approximations for both the post-processing SNR distribution and bit error rate (BER) for MIMO ZF receivers with M-QAM and M-PSK modulated signals are derived in closed-form. Numerical results demonstrate the tightness of our analysis
Correction of Nonlinear Effects in Absorbance Measurements (2002)

A method is introduced for prediction of the true spectral absorbance at a given wavelength from an absorbance measurement that is affected by various deficiencies of the spectral measurement channel such as finite bandwidth, cross-over at unwanted wavelength, and signal bypassing the sample. These are unwanted effects that violate the validity of the Beer–Lambert law by introducing a nonlinear dependency between the concentration and the measured absorbance. The method is based on a simple physical model of the spectral measurement channel. It may be used even for applications where only one or a few spectral channels are used, e.g., for instruments based on optical filters. The method is applied to a wastewater NO x sensor consisting of two filter-based spectral channels for absorption measurement in the UV region. Simulations show that dramatic improvement in the accuracy is obtained by introducing only one additional parameter for nonlinear correction as compared to the linear model. Calibration of the model is discussed.
A coin size, 40mW, 20 grams sensor node for guided waves detection (2015)

In this work, a small footprint, low power, and light weight sensor node for guided wave detection on laminate composite and metallic structures is presented. This device is meant as a basic building block for smart structure passive sensor networks development. It draws power from a two-wires data-over-power (DoP) network communication interface, which is also used for half-duplex data handling at 200kbps. Each node is roughly 20x24mm, consumes less than 40mW, and weights less than 20 grams, making it attractive for aerospace systems where size, power and weight reduction are crucial. Elastic waves generated from impacts and propagating on the structure are recorded by an innovative, patent-pending, dual-element piezoelectric transducer and processed by an embedded low-voltage 8-bit PIC. A 1Mbit SPI serial SRAM is used for data storage while program instruction are stored in the PIC embedded 7 KB ash. A low-voltage, high-speed, half-duplex RS485 transceiver with an internal, programmable termination resistance is used to interface the PIC to the bus through a filtering mesh of passive components. This mesh also connects to a low-dropout voltage regulator, allowing it to draw power from the DoP bus without interfering with data transmission. A separate gateway device has also been developed: it is capable to simultaneously interface and feed the DoP bus by drawing power either from the USB or from an external power supply. A network counting up to 256 nodes can be implemented and interfaced to a PC for real-time impact detection applications.
The PDZ Protein Tax-interacting Protein-1 Inhibits β-Catenin Transcriptional Activity and Growth of Colorectal Cancer Cells (2003)

Wnt signaling is essential during development while deregulation of this pathway frequently leads to the formation of various tumors including colorectal carcinomas. A key component of the pathway is beta-catenin that, in association with TCF-4, directly regulates the expression of Wnt-responsive genes. To identify novel binding partners of beta-catenin that may control its transcriptional activity, we performed a mammalian two-hybrid screen and isolated the Tax-interacting protein (TIP-1). The in vivo complex formation between beta-catenin and TIP-1 was verified by coimmunoprecipitation, and a direct physical association was revealed by glutathione S-transferase pull-down experiments in vitro. By using a panel of deletion mutants of both proteins, we demonstrate that the interaction is mediated by the PDZ (PSD-95/DLG/ZO-1 homology) domain of TIP-1 and requires primarily the last four amino acids of beta-catenin. TIP-1 overexpression resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the transcriptional activity of beta-catenin when tested on the TOP/FOPFLASH reporter system. Conversely, siRNA-mediated knock-down of endogenous TIP-1 slightly increased endogenous beta-catenin transactivation function. Moreover, we show that overexpression of TIP-1 reduced the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of colorectal cancer cells. These data suggest that TIP-1 may represent a novel regulatory element in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
Plasmonic Optical Modulator based on Adiabatic Coupled Waveguides (2017)

In atomic multi-level systems, adiabatic elimination is a method used to minimize complicity of the system by eliminating irrelevant and strongly coupled levels by detuning them from one-another. Such a three-level system, for instance, can be mapped onto physical in form of a three-waveguide system. Actively detuning the coupling strength between the respective waveguide modes allows modulating light propagating through the device, as proposed here. The outer waveguides act as an effective two- photonic-mode system similar to ground- and excited states of a three-level atomic system, whilst the center waveguide is partially plasmonic. In adiabatic elimination regime, the amplitude of the middle waveguide oscillates much faster in comparison to the outer waveguides leading to a vanishing field build up. As a result, the middle waveguide becomes a dark state and hence a low insertion-loss of 8 decibel is expected to keep when achieving the modulation depth as high as 70 decibel despite the involvement of a plasmonic waveguide in the design presented here. The modulation mechanism relies on switching this waveguide system from a critical coupling regime to adiabatic elimination condition via electrostatically tuning the free-carrier concentration and hence the optical index of a thin ITO layer residing in the plasmonic center waveguide. This alters the effective coupling length and the phase mismatching condition thus modulation in each of outer waveguides. Our results show a modulator energy efficiency as low as 40 atto-joule per bit and an extinction ratio of 50 decibel. Given the minuscule footprint of the modulator, the resulting lumped-element limited RC delay is expected to exceed 200 giga hertz. This type of modulator paves the way for next-generation both energy-and speed conscience optical short-reach interconnects.
Label-free imaging of lipid-rich biological tissues by mid-infrared photoacoustic microscopy (2020)

Our technology requires no time-consuming sample preparation procedure and has great potential in both fast clinical histological analysis and fundamental biological studies.
The anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma Lucidum is mediated by cytokines released from activated macrophages and T lymphocytes (1997)

The present study was to ascertain the immunomodulating and anti-tumor effects of Ganoderma (G.) lucidum. Polysaccharides (PS) from fresh fruiting bodies of G. lucidum (PS-G) were isolated and used to potentiate cytokine production by human monocytes-macrophages and T lymphocytes. Our results had shown that the levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha, and IL-6 in macrophage cultures treated with PS-G (100 micrograms/ml) were 5.1-, 9.8- and 29-fold higher, respectively, than those of untreated controls. In addition, the release of interferon (IFN)- gamma from T lymphocytes was also greatly promoted in the presence of PS-G (25-100 micrograms/ml). Furthermore, these cytokine-containing mononuclear cell-conditioned media (PSG-MNC-CM) were found to suppress the proliferation and clonogenicity of both the HL-60 and the U937 leukemic cell lines. DNA labeling and gel electrophoresis showed that treatment with PSG-MNC-CM markedly induced leukemic-cell apoptosis. Flow-cytometric analysis revealed that few (2.3 +/- 0.8%) apoptotic cells were seen in the control cultures, while PSG-MNC-CM treatment resulted in a significant increase in the apoptotic population both in the HL-60 (38.3 +/- 4.5%) and in the U937 (44.5 +/- 3.8%) cells. In addition, 40 to 45% of the treated leukemic cells were triggered to differentiate into mature monocytic cells expressing CD14 and CD68 surface antigens. However, PS-G alone had no such effects even at a higher dose of 400 micrograms/ml. Since untreated macrophages and T lymphocytes produced little or no cytokine, and normal MNC-CM did not suppress leukemic cell growth, it was suggestive that the anti-tumor activity of PSG-MNC-CM was derived from the elevated levels of cytokines. Antibody-neutralization studies further revealed that the anti-tumor cytokines in the PSG-MNC-CM were mainly of TNF- alpha and IFN- gamma, and these 2 cytokines acted synergistically on the inhibition of leukemic-cell growth.
Comment on the narrow structure reported by Amaryan et al (2012)

The CLAS Collaboration provides a comment on the physics interpretation of the results presented in a paper published by M. Amaryan et al. regarding the possible observation of a narrow structure in the mass spectrum of a photoproduction experiment.
Biochemical nature of cellulases from mutants of Trichoderma reesei (1980)

The cellulases of two new mutants of T. reesei, RUT-NG14 and RUT-C30, have been examined with respect to the separation and biochemical characterization of the various components in the cellulase complex. The cellulase of both mutants has been shown to contain enhanced proportions of a cellobiohydrolase by quantitative immune precipitation. Application of ion-exchange high-pressure liquid chromatography protein separations affords a rapid (30 min) and simple method of separating and comparing cellulase components from potential high-yielding cellulase mutants.
An unified parallel C compiler that implements automatic communication aggregation (2009)

Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming languages, such as Unified Parallel C (UPC), offer an attractive high-productivity programming model for programming large-scale parallel machines. PGAS languages partition the application’s address space into private, shared-local and shared-remote memory. When running in\na distributed-memory environment, accessing shared-remote memory leads to implicit communication. For fine-grained accesses, which are frequently found in UPC programs, this communication overhead can significantly impact program performance.\nOne solution for reducing the number of fine-grained accesses is to coalesce several accesses into a single access. This paper presents an analysis to identify opportunities for coalescing and an algorithm that allows the compiler to automatically coalesce\naccesses to shared-remote memory in UPC. It also describes how opportunities for coalescing can be created by the compiler through loop unrolling. Results obtained from coalescing accesses in manually-unrolled parallel loops are presented to demonstrate\nthe benefit of combining parallel loop unrolling and communication coalescing.