gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible deployable-retractable space radiators (1977)

A lightweight flexible radiator system for on-orbit cooling of space payloads is described. The radiator is packaged as a compact unit which can be attached to a vehicle structure or hatch prior to or after launch. On-orbit, it is deployed to provide the radiating surface needed for a specific experiment. The unit is being independently developed and qualified as a heat rejection system which will be ready for any spacecraft or experiment, and which will not require significant structural and systems accommodation. Design details and thermal vacuum test results are presented.
Hippocampal protein expression is differentially affected by chronic paroxetine treatment in adolescent and adult rats: a possible mechanism of “paradoxical” antidepressant responses in young persons (2013)

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly recognized as the pharmacological treatment of choice for patients with depressive disorders, yet their use in adolescent populations has come under scrutiny following reports of minimal efficacy and an increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior in this age group. The biological mechanisms underlying these effects are largely unknown. Accordingly, the current study examined changes in hippocampal protein expression following chronic administration of paroxetine in drinking water (target dose = 10 mg/kg for 22 days) to adult and adolescent rats. Results indicated age-specific changes in protein expression, with paroxetine significantly altering expression of 8 proteins in adolescents only and 10 proteins solely in adults. A further 12 proteins were significantly altered in both adolescents and adults. In adults, protein changes were generally suggestive of a neurotrophic and neuroprotective effect of paroxetine, with significant downregulation of apoptotic proteins Galectin 7 and Cathepsin B, and upregulation of the neurotrophic factor Neurogenin 1 and the antioxidant proteins Aldose reductase and Carbonyl reductase 3. Phosphodiesterase 10A, a signaling protein associated with major depressive disorder, was also downregulated (-6.5-fold) in adult rats. Adolescent rats failed to show the neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects observed in adults, instead displaying upregulation of the proapoptotic protein BH3-interacting domain death agonist (4.3-fold). Adolescent protein expression profiles also suggested impaired phosphoinositide signaling (Protein kinase C: -3.1-fold) and altered neurotransmitter transport and release (Syntaxin 7: 5.7-fold; Dynamin 1: -6.9-fold). The results of the present study provide clues as to possible mechanisms underlying the atypical response of human adolescents to paroxetine treatment.
Divergence time estimates for major cephalopod groups: evidence from multiple genes (2006)

This is the first study to use both molecular and fossil data to date the divergence of taxa within the coleoid cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish). A dataset including sequences from three nuclear and three mitochondrial genes (3415 bp in total) was used to investigate the evolutionary divergences within the group. Divergence time analyses were performed using the Thorne/Kishino method of analysis which allows multiple constraints from the fossil record and permits rates of molecular evolution to vary on different branches of a phylogenetic tree. The data support a Paleozoic origin of the Orders Vampyromorpha, Octopoda and the majority of the extant higher level decapodiform taxa. These estimated divergence times are considerably older than paleontological estimates. The major lineages within the Order Octopoda were estimated to have diverged in the Mesozoic, with a radiation of many taxa around the Cretaceous/Cenozoic boundary. Higher level decapodiform phylogenetic relationships appear to have been obscured due to an ancient diversification of this group.
Verification of multileaf collimator leaf positions using an electronic portal imaging device (2002)

An automated method is presented for determining individual leaf positions of the Siemens dual focus multileaf collimator (MLC) using the Siemens BEAMVIEW(PLUS) electronic portal imaging device (EPID). Leaf positions are computed with an error of 0.6 mm at one standard deviation (sigma) using separate computations of pixel dimensions, image distortion, and radiation center. The pixel dimensions are calculated by superimposing the film image of a graticule with the corresponding EPID image. A spatial correction is used to compensate for the optical distortions of the EPID, reducing the mean distortion from 3.5 pixels (uncorrected) per localized x-ray marker to 2 pixels (1 mm) for a rigid rotation and 1 pixel for a third degree polynomial warp. A correction for a nonuniform dosimetric response across the field of view of the EPID images is not necessary due to the sharp intensity gradients across leaf edges. The radiation center, calculated from the average of the geometric centers of a square field at 0 degrees and 180 degrees collimator angles, is independent of graticule placement error. Its measured location on the EPID image was stable to within 1 pixel based on 3 weeks of repeated extensions/retractions of the EPID. The MLC leaf positions determined from the EPID images agreed to within a pixel of the corresponding values measured using film and ionization chamber. Several edge detection algorithms were tested: contour, Sobel, Roberts, Prewitt, Laplace, morphological, and Canny. These agreed with each other to within < or = 1.2 pixels for the in-air EPID images. Using a test pattern, individual MLC leaves were found to be typically within 1 mm of the corresponding record-and-verify values, with a maximum difference of 1.8 mm, and standard deviations of <0.3 mm in the daily reproducibility. This method presents a fast, automatic, and accurate alternative to using film or a light field for the verification and calibration of the MLC.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Non‐Hydrolyzable Phospho‐Lysine Peptide Mimics (2020)

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Christian P. R. Hackenberger at the Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie and the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. The image depicts a phospho-lysine peptide mimic which reflects a phosphorylated lysine but is not identical. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202003947.
Virtual Tape Measure for the Operating Microscope: System Specifications and Performance Evaluation (2000)

Objective: The Virtual Tape Measure for the Operating Microscope (VTMOM) was created to assist surgeons in making accurate 3D measurements of anatomical structures seen in the surgical field under the operating microscope. The VTMOM employs augmented reality techniques by combining stereoscopic video images with stereoscopic computer graphics, and functions by reiving on an operator's ability to align a 3D graphic pointer, which serves as the end-point of the virtual tape measure, with designated locations on the anatomical structure being measured. The VTMOM was evaluated for its baseline and application performances as well as its application efficacy.Methods: Baseline performance was determined by measuring the mean error (bias) and standard deviation of error (imprecision) in measurements of non-anatomical objects. Application performance was determined by comparing the error in measuring the dimensions of aneurysm models with and without the VTMOM. Application efficacy was determined by comparing the error in selecting the appropriate aneurysm clip size with and without the VTMOM.Results: Baseline performance indicated a bias of 0.3 mm and an imprecision of 0.6 mm. Application bias was 3.8 mm and imprecision was 2.8 mm for aneurysm diameter. The VTMOM did not improve aneurysm clip size selection accuracy.Discussion and Conclusion: The VTMOM is a potentially accurate tool for use under the operating microscope. However, its performance when measuring anatomical objects is highly dependent on complex visual features of the object surfaces.
Comparative Efficacy of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics as Add-On Therapy to Mood Stabilizers in the Treatment of Acute Mania (2001)

Due to their superior effectiveness and side effect profile when compared with typical antipsychotics. atypical antipsychotics are an excellent choice as add-on therapy to mood stabilizers for the treatment of patients with mania.
Effects of intravenous ghrelin injection on plasma growth hormone, insulin and glucose concentrations in calves at weaning (2012)

Ghrelin action, which stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion, may alter during the weaning period in calves. Our objective was to compare the effects of intravenous ghrelin injection on plasma GH, insulin and glucose concentrations in calves around the weaning period. Four Holstein bull calves were fed whole milk and allowed free access to solid feeds, and weaned at 7 weeks of age. Measurements were performed at weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11 and 13, when calves were intravenously injected with ghrelin (1.0 μg/kg body weight (BW)) through a catheter, and jugular blood samples were obtained temporally relative to the injection time. Estimated digestible energy intake per metabolic BW transiently decreased at week 7 because of low solid intake immediately after weaning, and thereafter gradually increased. Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were not affected by ghrelin injection at all ages. In contrast, plasma GH concentrations increased with ghrelin injection at all ages. The incremental area of GH at week 7 was greatest and significantly higher compared with weeks 2, 4, 6 and 9. This result suggests that nutrient insufficiency immediately after weaning enhances GH responsiveness to ghrelin.
Broad cross-reactivity with marked fine specificity in the cytotoxic T cell response to flaviviruses (1992)

Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells were generated in mice of five H-2 haplotypes against the flaviviruses Kunjin and West Nile (WNV). A panel of recombinant vaccinia viruses which between them expressed cDNA of the entire Kunjin virus genome were used to infect targets. Anti-Kunjin virus responses to determinants derived from non-structural proteins, especially NS3, NS4A and NS4B, were dominant in most mouse strains; usually only one class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction element was involved. WNV-immune Tc cells showed similar but not identical patterns of antigen recognition to Kunjin virus-immune Tc cells. The extent to which WNV-immune Tc cells recognized Kunjin virus-encoded determinants varied considerably between mice of different MHC haplotypes.
Optical contactless measurement of semiconductor thermoelectric transport properties (Conference Presentation) (2017)

In view of the combinatorial approach to discovery of new thermoelectric materials, it is highly desirable to have fast measurement techniques, if possible with capabilities to access local fluctuations or gradients in material properties. Using the generalized Planck& #39;s law of radiation [1] for fitting the photoluminescence spectra is the most appropriate technique to access the quasi Fermi level splitting and the temperature of the carriers in a semiconductor. These two parameters enable to determine Seebeck coefficients for the material as a new photo-Seebeck effect [2]. The absolutely calibrated photoluminescence intensity profile[3] with the spatial coordinates combined with Callen coupled transport equations and with the kinetic expression of the transport parameters under the relaxation time approximation enable us to determine: the Seebeck coefficient, the electrical conductivity, the thermal electron and hole conductivity, the mobilities, the diffusion coefficients and the heat transferred from the carriers to the lattice. All these parameters can be obtained either for electrons or for holes[4], even simultaneously, for intrinsic semiconductor in ambipolar regime. The method has been applied to a multi-quantum well structure of InGaAsP. Since the luminescence comes from the wells, this method enables to access the transport properties in the plane of the wells inside the whole structure. Since photoluminescence does not require p-n junction nor high electrical conductivities for the measurement, this optical contactless measurement technique of thermoelectrinc transport parameters involving quasi-equilibrium carriers enables to access properties inside a given layer of the whole structure or in materials with very low conductivities. We will also show the perspectives offered for the research of new thermoelectric materials. [1] Würfel, J. Phys. C : Solid State Phys., 1982 [2] Gibelli et al., Phys. Rev. Appl., 5 (2) 2016 Tauc, Czech J Phys, 1955 [3] Delamarre, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2012 [4] Gibelli et al., Physica B, October 2016
The DyP-type peroxidase DtpA is a Tat-substrate required for GlxA maturation and morphogenesis inStreptomyces (2016)

The filamentous bacterium Streptomyces lividans depends on the radical copper oxidase GlxA for the formation of reproductive aerial structures and, in liquid environments, for the formation of pellets. Incorporation of copper into the active site is essential for the formation of a cross-linked tyrosyl-cysteine cofactor, which is needed for enzymatic activity. In this study, we show a crucial link between GlxA maturation and a group of copper-related proteins including the chaperone Sco and a novel DyP-type peroxidase hereinafter called DtpA. Under copper-limiting conditions, the sco and dtpA deletion mutants are blocked in aerial growth and pellet formation, similarly to a glxA mutant. Western blot analysis showed that GlxA maturation is perturbed in the sco and dtpA mutants, but both maturation and morphology can by rescued by increasing the bioavailability of copper. DtpA acts as a peroxidase in the presence of GlxA and is a substrate for the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) translocation pathway. In agreement, the maturation status of GlxA is also perturbed in tat mutants, which can be compensated for by the addition of copper, thereby partially restoring their morphological defects. Our data support a model wherein a copper-trafficking pathway and Tat-dependent secretion of DtpA link to the GlxA-dependent morphogenesis pathway.
Visual Tracking via Spatial-Temporal Regularized Correlation Filters with Advanced State Estimation (2020)

Discriminative correlation filter (CF) based visual trackers achieves outstanding performance with the handcrafted feature in visual tracking. In this work, based on the discriminative correlation filter, we propose a new Spatial-Temporal regularized correlation filters with advanced state estimation (CFASE) to achieve more significant tracking performance. First, we propose a new method to estimate correlation filters more precisely using prediction from the previous two filters, considering the drift during the tracking process. Second, we train two correlation filters models to obtain scale estimation and object location, respectively. The separated two correlation filter models help to reduce the adverse effects of scale changes on object location. Third, our tracker introduces average peak-to-correlation energy (APCE) to evaluate the accuracy of scale estimation and object location. Experimentally, the proposed tracker (CFASE) achieves outstanding and real-time performance for the challenging benchmark sequence (OTB2013, OTB2015, and TC128).
Fully Inorganic Mixed Cation Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoparticles: A Study at the Atomic Level (2019)

Mixed cation perovskites are currently the most efficient perovskite materials used in perovskite solar cells. Mixing two cations inside a perovskite structure results in enhanced flexibility when designing interesting material properties. Moreover, using two inorganic cations in the same perovskite maintains the advantage of fully inorganic structures. A fascinating subject to investigate is therefore the nanoscale synthesis and the properties of such mixed inorganic cation perovskites. In this work we mixed Rb and Cs inorganic atoms inside perovskite nanoparticles. We explored down to the atomic resolution different Rb and Cs concentrations and performed the chemical mapping of single nanoparticles. At medium concentrations, the Rb atoms are observed in the core of the particles, whereas the Cs atoms are located in the shell region, forming core–shell structures. However, if there are high concentrations of Rb, a phase separation occurs because bulk perovskite based solely on Rb cations is not stable at room temperature. Density functional theory calculations support our experimental observations by showing that a stable nanoparticle is formed when the Rb atoms are located inside the particle and not on the surface. Our work demonstrates the importance of understanding the perovskite structure at the atomic level, leading to the formation of mixed cation bulk perovskites and nanoparticles and to improved perovskite stability. A new phase of cesium lead bromide (Cs6Pb5Br16) related to the Rb6Pb5Cl16 structure is also reported.
The morphologies of breast cancer cell lines in three-dimensional assays correlate with \ntheir profiles of gene expression (2008)

Author(s): Kenny, Paraic A.; Lee, Genee Y.; Myers, Connie A.; Neve, Richard M.; Semeiks, Jeremy R.; Spellman, Paul T.; Lorenz, Katrin; Lee, Eva H.; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen; Petersen, Ole W.; Gray, Joe W.; Bissell, Mina J.
Macrophages and Dendritic Cells for Treating Kidney Disease (2010)

Based on new understanding of the diverse biological functions of macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), the focus of studies on these cells has been expanded from their pathogenic role in renal diseases to include their potential to regulate inflammation and restore renal architecture and function. By exploiting their regulatory function, macrophages or DC have been used to treat experimental renal disease following their adoptive transfer. This review summarizes current progress in the therapeutic use of macrophages and DC in renal diseases. Key issues for ongoing research are discussed.
2A1-A12 Development of Co-imagination Support System and Evaluation by Elderly People (2007)

The importance of prevention of dementia is a crucial issue in this aging society. We propose co-imagination method for prevention of dementia. Co-imagination method aims to activate three cognitive functions: episode memory, segmentation of attention, and planning function, which decline at early stage of dementia. Participants of the co-imagination program bring images which represent episode memory and communicate with them. We developed co-imagination support system for displaying user contributed images smoothly. We evaluated the system through comparing sessions with and without images. Communication of the sessions was analyzed by period, numbers and frequency of comments and descriptions. The result suggests that the communication with co-imagination support system was active with many comments, which requires segmentation of attention.
The Effect of Dislocations on Magnetization Near Saturation (1941)

The effect of dislocations on the magnetization curve at high fields is calculated by direct use of dislocation theory. The deviation from saturation is assumed to be due to magnetostrictive forces, localized in the stress field about the dislocation rather than at the dislocation itself; their effect is more complicated than that of the simple "line concentrations of force" considered in an earlier article. Pairs of dislocations of opposite sign, separated by a short distance, contribute a term $\frac{a}{H}$ to the deviation from saturation; in this respect they resemble line concentrations. Pairs separated by a long distance and surplus dislocations of one sign contribute a term $\frac{b}{{H}^{2}}$, with $b$ theoretically not a constant but a logarithmically varying function of $H$. From data on the variation of the empirical $a$ and $b$ with plastic strain, it is possible to calculate the density of dislocations and the "block" length if a value is assumed for the distance $Y$ between the members of a dislocation pair. The orders of magnitude obtained agree with those obtained in the theory of hardening if $Y$ is taken $\ensuremath{\cong}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ cm. It appears that all but about 1 percent of the dislocations are members of such pairs.
Nutritional peripheral neuropathies (2023)

Nutritional peripheral neuropathies are a global problem, heavily influenced by geopolitical, cultural and socioeconomic factors. Peripheral neuropathy occurs most frequently secondary to B-vitamin deficiencies, which is suspected to increase in years to come due to the popularity of vegan and vegetarian diets and increased use of bariatric surgery.This review will focus on the common B-vitamins for which a causal link to peripheral neuropathy is more established (vitamins B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>2</sub>, B<sub>6</sub>, B<sub>9</sub> and B<sub>12</sub>). We will review the historical human and animal data on which much of the clinical descriptions of vitamin deficiencies are based and summarise current available tools for accurately diagnosing a nutritional deficiency. We will also review recently described genetic diseases due to pathogenic variants in genes involved in B-vitamin metabolism that have helped to inform the phenotypes and potential causality of certain B-vitamins in peripheral neuropathy (B<sub>2</sub> and B<sub>9</sub>).Endemic outbreaks of peripheral neuropathy over the last two centuries have been linked to food shortages and nutritional deficiency. These include outbreaks in Jamaican sugar plantation workers in the nineteenth century (Strachan's syndrome), World War two prisoners of war, Cuban endemic neuropathy and also Tanzanian endemic optic neuropathy, which remains a significant public health burden today. An improved understanding of lack of which vitamins cause peripheral neuropathy and how to identify specific deficiencies may lead to prevention of significant and irreversible disability in vulnerable populations.
Further Results on the Maximum-Likelihood IFO Estimation for OFDM Systems (2007)

Zhang has proposed the maximum-likelihood (ML) integer frequency offset (IFO) estimator for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. However, his solution to multi-path channels is quite limited. We further investigate the problem and propose an improved IFO estimator to solve the problem in multi-path channels.
DIE BEISPIELDATENBANKSYSTEME VBDB UND KPDABA FUER DAS STRASSENWESEN UND DAS KOMMUNALE VERKEHRSWESEN (TEIL 1 UND 2) (1989)

Der zweiteilige Bericht ernthaelt eine ausfuehrliche Darstellung von zwei Programmen fuer die Speicherung und Auswertung von Verkehrsdaten, die an der Hochschule fuer Verkehrswesen Friedrich List in Dresden entwickelt wurden. Das Programm VBDB (Verkehrsbezirkorientiertes Datenbankprogrammsystem) soll dazu dienen, die bei Verkehrszaehlungen ermittelten Daten ueber Verkehrszellen in einer vorgegebenen Form zu speichern und in inhaltlich frei waehlbarer Form auszudrucken. Mit dem Programm KPDABA (Knotenpunkt-Datenbank) koennen die fuer Strassenknotenpunkte relevanten verkehrstechnischen Daten gespeichert und verwaltet werden, wie zum Beispiel Anzahl der Zufahrten, Spuraufteilung, Daten ueber Lichtsignalanlagen et cetera. Die beiden Programme werden als beispielhafte Loesungsansaetze fuer eine geplante umfassendere Rechnerunterstuetzung der Stadtverkehrsplanung verstanden.Die verwendete Hardware und Datenbank-Software (dBASE II, aktuell ist dBASE IV mit SQL) ist technisch inzwischen ueberholt.