gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Reversibility of Mg/S Battery Chemistry through Li+ Mediation (2015)

Mg metal is a promising anode material for next generation rechargeable battery due to its dendrite-free deposition and high capacity. However, the best cathode for rechargeable Mg battery was based on high molecular weight MgxMo3S4, thus rendering full cell energetically uncompetitive. To increase energy density, high capacity cathode material like sulfur is proposed. However, to date, only limited work has been reported on Mg/S system, all plagued by poor reversibility attributed to the formation of electrochemically inactive MgSx species. Here, we report a new strategy, based on the effect of Li(+) in activating MgSx species, to conjugate a dendrite-free Mg anode with a reversible polysulfide cathode and present a truly reversible Mg/S battery with capacity up to 1000 mAh/gs for more than 30 cycles. Mechanistic insights supported by spectroscopic and microscopic characterization strongly suggest that the reversibility arises from chemical reactivation of MgSx by Li(+).
Joint decoding of content-replication codes for flash memories (2015)

One serious challenge for flash memories is data reliability. In this work, we present the content-replication codeword problem, and it leads to our proposed joint decoder. We focus on joint decoding algorithms and study their theoretical decoding performances. The proposed scheme is novel for flash memories, and we show their reliability can be enhanced by increasing the diversity of error-correcting codes.
Experimental study of the influence of endoleak size on pressure in the aneurysm sac and the consequences of thrombosis (2000)

Abstract Background This was an experimental study of endovascular aortic surgery, looking at the relationship between the size of an endoleak, pressure in the aneurysm sac and the effect of thrombosis produced by coagulation. Methods In three pigs, 16 saccular aneurysms were connected to the aorta by various side branches with different diameters and lengths (‘endoleaks’). Mean and pulse pressures were measured in the systemic circulation as well as in the aneurysm sac during the experiment. Duplex ultrasonography was used to determine whether the endoleak and the aneurysm were patent or thrombosed. Thrombosis was influenced by systemic tranexamic acid, fibrinogen in the aneurysm sac, Gelfoam in both endoleak and aneurysm sac, and by Histoacryl glue in the endoleak. Results With an open endoleak, the mean pressure in the aneurysm and the aorta was identical. Mean aneurysm pressure was lower with a thrombosed endoleak and was related to the diameter of the endoleak. Pulse pressure was recorded in the aneurysm sac when there was an open endoleak and a non-thrombosed aneurysm, and was related to the diameter of the open endoleak. Thrombosed endoleaks never produced pulse pressure in the aneurysm. If Histoacryl and Gelfoam induced thrombosis of the endoleak, the decrease in mean aneurysm pressure was identical to that resulting from the spontaneous thrombosis of endoleaks. Conclusion An open endoleak results in systemic arterial pressure in the aneurysm sac. Pulse pressure is detected if the aneurysm is patent, but absent if there is complete or partial thrombosis of the aneurysm. Endoleak thrombosis, either spontaneous or by embolization, is accompanied by a decrease in mean pressure and the absence of pulse pressure in the aneurysm sac. The extent to which these experimental findings are comparable to the clinical situation represents a field of further research.
The 2-ID-B intermediate-energy scanning X-ray microscope at the APS (2003)

The intermediate-energy scanning x-ray microscope at beamline 2-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source is a dedicated instrument for materials and biological research. The microscope uses a zone plate lens to focus coherent I-4 keV x-rays to a 60 nm focal spot of 10 9 photons/ s onto the sample. It records simultaneous transmission and energy-resolved fluorescence images. We have used the microscope for nanotomography of chips and microspectroscopy of cells.
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in Chronic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Cat (1989)

This study examines the correlation between local CMRglc (LCMRglc) alterations and clinicopathological changes in a chronic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model in the cat. The left MCA was occluded for a period of 2 h. The animals were grouped into mild, moderate, and severe ischemia based on the depression of the EEG 30 min after the MCA occlusion. Following release of the clip, the animals were allowed to recover for a week during which time daily neurological examinations were performed. On the seventh day [14C]2-deoxyglucose was injected for the determination of LCMRglc. Alternative blocks were processed for histological evaluation in which both neuronal and phagocytic changes were graded into four categories (0 = normal to 3 = severe). LCMRglc (mumol/100 g/min) in the ischemic hemisphere (all histological grades) was significantly lower than the metabolic rate in comparable regions of the sham MCA occlusion group. Regions with significant phagocytosis (grade 2 and 3) invariably exhibited activated glucose metabolism (57.4 +/- 8.4 and 105.9 +/- 6.8 mumol/100 g/min, respectively), which was significantly higher than in regions without phagocytosis (30.4 +/- 0.8 mumol/100 g/min). There was a significant gradient of metabolism in the central, peripheral, and boundary zone and the non-MCA territory in the animals with severe ischemic lesions. LCMRglc in the central MCA territory was well correlated with the EEG amplitude changes (r = 0.82, p less than 0.05) and the morphological score (r = -0.89, p less than 0.05). The metabolic rate was significantly depressed in both the ipsilateral and the contralateral central MCA territories in comparison with the sham occlusion animals. The depression in LCMRglc in the contralateral hemisphere correlated well with the concomitant depression in the contralateral EEG amplitude. These studies demonstrate that local heterogeneous metabolic alterations and contralateral cortical diaschisis exist chronically following temporary MCA occlusion and that the increases in local cerebral glucose metabolism seen in chronic stroke may be due to phagocytotic activity.
A Fast Parallel Method for Exhaustive C 60 Enumeration. (1993)

A sensitive, selective, precise and stability indicating a high-performance thin layer chromatographic method for the analysis of rufinamide (Rf) in bulk drug and its formulations was developed and validated. The method employed thin layer chromatography aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of chloroform : methanol : glacial acetic acid (9 : 1 : 0.1 v/v/v). This system was found to give compact spots for Rf (Rf value of 0.68 ± 0.02). Rf was subjected to acid and alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, photodegradation and dry heat treatment. Also, the degraded products were well separated from the pure drug. Densitometric analysis of Rf was carried out in the absorbance mode at 210 nm, which is wavelength maxima for the degradant. The linear regression data for the calibration plots showed a good linear relationship with an r(2) of 0.9989 in the concentration range of 1,000-3,500 ng. The method was validated for precision, accuracy, ruggedness and recovery. The limits of detection and quantitation were 196.59 and 595.74 ng spot(-1), respectively. The drug undergoes degradation under acidic and basic conditions. All the peaks of degraded products were resolved from the standard drug with significantly different Rf values.
Integrating Statistics and Visualization for Exploratory Power: From Long-Term Case Studies to Design Guidelines (2009)

Evaluating visual-analytics systems is challenging because laboratory-based controlled experiments might not effectively represent analytical tasks. One such system, Social Action, integrates statistics and visualization in an interactive exploratory tool for social network analysis. This article describes results from long-term case studies with domain experts and extends established design goals for information visualization.
Void-Free Photonic Surfaces Created by Adaptive Dense Packing of Emulsion Droplets (2022)

Nature has created periodic nanostructures confined in microcompartments and assembled them to construct macroscopic photonic surfaces. Inspired by nature, we have designed photonic surfaces through a secondary assembly based on adaptive dense packing of emulsion droplets. The emulsion droplets are composed of silica particles dispersed in photocurable resin at which the particles spontaneously crystallize because particles repel each other. Upon evaporation of the surrounding fluorocarbon oil, the droplets densely pack to attain the shape of hexagonal disks without coalescence, resulting in a void-free coating. Interestingly, the shape transformation of droplets causes the colloidal crystals to align along their flattened surfaces, which results in structural colors with high brightness, saturation, and angle dependence upon specular reflection. The randomly oriented colloidal crystals within the droplets render the coatings noniridescent upon backward reflection. This secondary assembly strategy enables the production of mosaic monolayers or different-colored multilayers for color mixing through simultaneous or consecutive assembly of distinct droplets. The low surface tension and high volatility of fluorocarbon oil facilitate the deposition and rapid packing of droplets, thereby ensuring that this adaptive assembly is applicable for various target surfaces of two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects. Therefore, this technique potentially presents a general means to create structural color coatings.
Metal-organic framework patterns and membranes with heterogeneous pores for flow-assisted switchable separations (2018)

Porous metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs) are attractive materials for gas storage, separations, and catalytic reactions. A challenge exists, however, on how to introduce larger pores juxtaposed with the inherent micropores in different forms of MOFs, which would enable new functions and applications. Here we report the formation of heterogeneous pores within MOF particles, patterns, and membranes, using a discriminate etching chemistry, called silver-catalyzed decarboxylation. The heterogeneous pores are formed, even in highly stable MOFs, without altering the original structure. A decarboxylated MOF membrane is shown to have pH-responsive switchable selectivity for the flow-assisted separation of similarly sized proteins. We envision that our method will allow the use of heterogeneous pores for massive transfer and separation of complex and large molecules, and that the capability for patterning and positioning heterogeneous MOF films on diverse substrates bodes well for various energy and electronic device applications.
Dexamethasone Suppression of Serum T3and T4 (1976)

Dexamethasone (2 mg q6h for 48 h) decreased serum T3 in normal and athyreotic subjects, and decreased T4 in normal subjects. Dexamethasone probably alters secretion and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones.
Supplementary Data from Inhibition of the Stromal p38MAPK/MK2 Pathway Limits Breast Cancer Metastases and Chemotherapy-Induced Bone Loss (2023)

Supplementary Data from Inhibition of the Stromal p38MAPK/MK2 Pathway Limits Breast Cancer Metastases and Chemotherapy-Induced Bone Loss
Nacjonalizm techniczny (IV) (1990)

Nacjonalizm techniczny (IV)
Surgery for non-small cell lung cancer in patients with a history of cardiovascular surgery (2016)

Previous CVS did not increase the number of perioperative cardiovascular events in this study and had no significant influence on the prognosis of patients undergoing resection of NSCLC.
Distributing quantum states with finite lifetime (2023)

This paper considers a quantum node tasked with the teleportation of multiple information-carrying qubit (ICQ) streams, each to a different receiver, by means of entanglements, local operations, and classical communication. Our vision is that the node establishes entangled qubit pairs (EQPs) with the receivers before the arrival of ICQs, rather than waiting for their arrival. In this vein, the paper focuses on the class of protocols referred to as class $\mathcal{I}$ that instantaneously teleport arriving ICQs using preestablished EQPs, preventing arriving ICQs from decohering. The excess ratio ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathrm{r}}$ is introduced as a quantifier of the system resources per arriving ICQ, and ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathrm{r}}=1$ is shown to be a critical threshold. With ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathrm{r}}&gt;1$: for arrival streams characterized by interarrivals stochastically larger than exponential random variables, any member of class $\mathcal{I}$ teleports all arriving ICQs after a finite transient. With ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathrm{r}}&lt;1$: for stationary ergodic arrival streams, there exists no protocol that teleports all arriving ICQs after a finite transient. This work thus establishes the ultimate limit for distributing quantum states with finite lifetime. Within class $\mathcal{I}$, a protocol referred to as fresh information delivery (FID) is introduced and its optimality is proven. The operational characteristic of FID is provided in terms of the tradeoff between the waiting time of the EQP before it is utilized for teleportation and the excess ratio. Numerical experiments, comparing the proposed FID protocol with alternatives, corroborate the theoretical results. The results in this paper can be used for designing quantum nodes, paving the way for the implementation of the future quantum internet.
Evidence for a conducting surface ground state in high-quality single crystalline FeSi (2018)

We report anomalous physical properties of high-quality single-crystalline FeSi over a wide temperature range of 1.8-400 K. The electrical resistivity ρ(T) can be described by activated behavior with an energy gap Δ = 57 meV between 150 and 67 K, below which the estimated energy gap is significantly smaller. The magneto-resistivity and Hall coefficient change sign in the vicinity of 67 K, suggesting a change of dominant charge carriers. At ∼19 K, ρ(T) undergoes a cross-over from semiconducting to metallic behavior which is very robust against external magnetic fields. The low-temperature metallic conductivity depends strongly on the width/thickness of the sample. In addition, no indication of a bulk-phase transition or onset of magnetic order is found down to 2 K from specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The measurements are consistent with one another and point to complex electronic transport behavior that apparently involves a conducting surface state in FeSi at low temperatures, suggesting the possibility that FeSi is a 3D topological insulator.
pH Responsive Doxorubicin Delivery by Fluorous Polymers for Cancer Treatment (2018)

Polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as valuable drug delivery vehicles as they improve solubility of hydrophobic drugs, enhance circulation lifetime, and can improve the biodistribution profile of small-molecule therapeutics. These nanoparticles can take on a host of polymer architectures including polymersomes, hyperbranched nanoparticles, and dendrimers. We have recently reported that simple low molecular weight fluorous copolymers can self-assemble into nanoparticles and show exceptional passive targeting into multiple tumor models. Given the favorable biodistribution of these particles, we sought to develop systems that enable selective delivery in acidic environments, such as the tumor microenvironment or the lysosomal compartment. In this report, we describe the synthesis and in vitro biological studies of a pH-responsive doxorubicin (DOX) fluorous polymer conjugate. A propargyl DOX hydrazone was synthesized and covalently attached to a water-dispersible fluorous polymer composed of trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMEMA) using the ligand-accelerated copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Driven by the high fluorine content of the copolymer carrier, the DOX-copolymer formed stable micelles under aqueous conditions with a hydrodynamic diameter of 250 nm. The DOX-copolymer showed internalization into multiple in vitro models for breast and ovarian cancer. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated efficacy in both breast and ovarian cancer with overall efficacy being highly dependent on the cell line chosen. Taken together, these results present a platform for the pH-triggered delivery of DOX from a fluorous micelle carrier effective against multiple cancer models in vitro.
MoSi<inf>2</inf>-gate MOSFET's for VLSI (1979)

Refractory metal silicide gate n-channel MOSFET's have been fabricated by RF sputtering from a hot-pressed MoSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> alloy target. The annealed MoSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> sheet resistance was 2Ω/□. The MOSFET's were fabricated using plasma etching, projection alignment and a fully ion-implanted process. Typical values for a 1.7 × 1.7 µm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> linear MOSFET are a threshold voltage of 1- 1.5V and a transconductance of 50-100 µmho. Short channel (length and width) and substrate effects on the threshold voltage are demonstrated.
Can multiple myeloma become a curable disease? (2011)

This work was partially supported by RTICC (Red Temática Cooperativa en Cáncer) (RD06/0020/0006), and by the FIS Intrasalud Project (PS2009/01897).
Lycopus europaeus: phenolic fingerprint, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effect on clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains (2015)

Lycopus europaeus L. leaves water extract (LEL) was subjected to phytochemical analysis, and evaluated for its antibacterial and antioxidant effects. Antibacterial activity testing was performed on Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains from catheter-related and skin infections by broth microdilution test. LEL showed bactericidal activity at concentrations from 2500 to 5000 μg/mL against all, including methicillin resistant and polyresistant nosocomial, strains. Antioxidant activity was examined using DPPH and ABTS (11.3 and 9.8 μg/mL, respectively) and by ferric reducing ability of the plasma method (891 μmol AAE/g dry extract). Phytochemical analysis of LEL was performed by LC-DAD-MS/MS. Ten phenolic compounds were identified; two minor compounds (glucopyranosyl rosmarinic acid and sagerinig acid) have not been described in Lycopus yet. The major compounds, considered to be responsible for biological activities detected in the study, were determined as rosmarinic acid (76 mg/g) and luteolin-7-O-glucuronide (23 mg/g). L. europaeus arises from our study as a promising source of antibacterial agent for topical usage.
Communications Network Management enhancements for SNA networks: An overview (1983)

Hierarchical growth and diversification of communications networks have imposed new requirements on Communications Network Management. This essay presents the evolution of support included in IBM's Systems Network Architecture to meet these needs. Four main provisions of network management are discussed: (1) the collection and presentation of downstream network data on behalf of network resources by a Threshold Analysis and Remote Access program; (2) centralized network operator terminal access to local and remote systems by a Terminal Access Facility; (3) unsolicited alerting of the network operator by the presentation of data from network resources by a Network Problem Determination Application; and (4) the collection and presentation of data for the logical network by a Network Logical Data Manager.
Towards plant protein refinery: Review on protein extraction using alkali and potential enzymatic assistance (2015)

The globally increasing protein demands require additional resources to those currently available. Furthermore, the optimal usage of protein fractions from both traditional and new protein resources, such as algae and leaves, is essential. Here, we present an overview on alkaline plant protein extraction including the potentials of enzyme addition in the form of proteases and/or carbohydrolases. Strategic biomass selection, combined with the appropriate process conditions can increase protein yields after extraction. Enzyme addition, especially of proteases, can be useful when alkaline protein extraction yields are low. These additions can also be used to enable processing at a pH closer to 7 to avoid the otherwise severe conditions that denature proteins. Finally, a protein biorefinery concept is presented that aims to upcycle residual biomass by separating essential amino acids to be used for food and feed, and non-essential amino acids for production of bulk chemicals.
Biomechanical Evaluation of the Less Invasive Stabilization System for the Internal Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures (2001)

These results suggest an enhanced ability to withstand high loads when using the monocortical screw fixation technique with angular stability. A higher elastic deformation of LISS compared with conventional plating systems in distal femoral fractures can be explained by the lower bending stiffness caused by different design and material properties.
Energy band-gap dependence of two-photon absorption (1985)

We present measurements of the two-photon absorption coefficients β2 of 10 different semiconductors having band-gap energies between 1.4 and 3.7 eV. We find that β2 varies as Eg−3, as predicted by theory. In addition, the absolute values of β2 agree with theory, which includes the effect of nonparabolic bands, the average difference being less than 26%. This agreement permits confident predictions of two-photon absorption coefficients of other materials at other wavelengths.
Compensation Plans for Single- and Multi-Product Salesforces: An Application of the Holmstrom-Milgrom Model (1993)

The agency theory approach to understanding salesforce compensation plans is modified to incorporate the intratemporal nature of the salesperson's effort-rate decision, i.e., the decision about the effort-rate at any given point in time potentially depends upon the sales performance up to that point in time in the accounting period. Under the assumptions considered in this paper, Holmstrom and Milgrom (1987) have shown that the optimal compensation plan is linear in total sales over the accounting period. The comparative statics results obtained here corroborate most of the corresponding results in the salesforce compensation literature; moreover, we derive many additional results not available in the literature. It is demonstrated that the commission income as a fraction of total compensation goes up with an increase in the effectiveness of the sales-effort or an increase in base sales. On the other hand, the salary component of the total compensation goes up with increases in uncertainty, absolute risk aversion, marginal cost of production, perceived cost of effort, and/or alternative job opportunities for the salesperson. We provide a discussion of different selling situations where our results may be more or less applicable. An examination of empirical studies already available in the literature reveals support for our findings regarding the relative emphasis of salary and incentive pay in the compensation plan. We also extend the agency theory approach to compare commission rates across products for a multiproduct salesperson. Here it is shown that commission rates are higher for products with higher sales-effort effectiveness, lower levels of uncertainty, and/or lower marginal costs.