gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fish Spoilage Mechanisms and Preservation Techniques: Review (2010)

Problem statement: Spoilage of food products is due to chemical, enzymatic or microbial activities One-fourth of the world's food supply and 30% of landed fish are lost through microbial activity alone. With the ever growing world population and the need to store and transport the food from one place to another where it is needed, food preservation becomes necessary in order to increase its shelf life and maintain its nutritional value, texture and flavor. The freshness and quality of fish have always gained the attention by Food Regulatory Agencies and Food Processing Industry. Proper handling, pretreatment and preservation techniques can improve the quality fish and fish products and increase their shelf life. Methodology: Historically salting, drying, smoking, fermentation and canning were the methods to prevent fish spoilage and extend its shelf life. In response to consumer demand for texture, appearance and taste, new methods were developed including: Cooling, freezing and chemical preservation. A comprehensive review of the literature on the subject of fish spoilage and modern preservation techniques was carried out. Conclusion: Fish spoilage results from three basic mechanisms: Enzymatic autolysis, oxidation, microbial growth. Low temperature storage and chemical techniques for controlling water activity, enzymatic, oxidative and microbial spoilage are the most common in the industry today. A process involving the addition of an EDTA (1 mM)-TBHQ (0.02%) combination and ascorbic acid and storage at refrigerated temperatures (5C) in darkness can be the most positive for controlling the spoilage of fish and fish product. The suggested process would address antimicrobial activity as well as destructive oxidation of the desired lipids and fats. However, more efforts are required to understand the role of proximate composition of fish, post harvest history, environmental conditions, initial microbial load, type and nature of bacteria and their interaction in order to optimize the shelf-life of fish.
Active Fault Diagnosis Method for Vehicles in Platoon Formation (2020)

This paper presents an active fault diagnosis (AFD) method with reduced excitation for detection and identification of sensor faults of vehicles in a platoon formation. By introducing a probing signal into the platooning, it will allow an active excitation of the system, reveling a residual component, with the same frequency, that can be explored to obtain a fault identification of specific system faults. A supervisor is introduced to monitor the platoon behavior and activate the auxiliary input whenever the system natural excitation is insufficient for a clear fault diagnosis. This solution will allow the fault diagnosis to behave as active or passive through the adaptive signal provided by the supervisor. A dual Youla-Jabr-Bongiorno-Kucera (YJBK) matrix transfer function, also known as fault signature matrix (FSM) is investigated to get a fault diagnosis. In order to obtain an online identification of specific faults in the system, a Taylor approximation of the FSM is pursued. Computational simulations with a high-fidelity full-vehicle model, provided by CarSim, are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed active approach. A direct comparison between an active and a passive behavior in the same scenario shows that the active fault diagnosis method outperforms the passive approach whenever the dynamic behavior does not provide sufficient excitation. Furthermore, the excitation supervisor is able to significantly reduce the amount of artificial excitation introduced into the system ensuring a more energy efficient active fault diagnosis.
Thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si-based compounds synthesized partially using magnesium alloy (2012)

Mg2Si compounds are promising eco-friendly thermoelectric materials because both constituent elements of Mg and Si have no toxicity and exist richly in earth crust. We have a plan to use the compounds in the applications that convert waste heat in the temperature range (600-900 K) into electric power. However, the thermoelectric performance of the compounds has not yet reached to the practical use level. In addition, the compounds don't have durability in the thermoelectric performance under atmospheric circumstances in the temperature range of 750-900 K. These issues have to be solved for the practical use. In our previous work, we obtained knowledge that Al doping in Mg2Si lower the electrical resistivity and improved the thermoelectric performance. We newly attempted to use a magnesium alloy (AZ61) that includes the main three elements of aluminum (5.8-7.2 wt%), zinc (0.4-1.5 wt%) and manganese (0.15-0.35 wt%) in order to synthesize the Mg2Si-based compounds. The Mg2Si-based compound powders were synthesized from the mixture of silicon powder, AZ61 chips and Mg powder by the liquid-solid phase reaction method. The compound powders were sintered by the pulse discharge sintering method. The influence of mixing ratio of two metals of AZ61 and pure Mg on the thermoelectric properties was investigated. Addition of AZ61 greatly decreased the electrical resistivity as well as Al-doped Mg2Si and the thermoelectric performance had improved most in the 50wt%AZ61 sample.
A Typical Preparation of Francisella tularensisO-Antigen Yields a Mixture of Three Types of Saccharides (2011)

Tularemia is a severe infectious disease in humans caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis (Ft). Because of its low infectious dose, high mortality rate, and the threat of its large-scale dissemination in weaponized form, development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics against Ft is essential. Ft lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which contains the linear graded-length saccharide component O-antigen (OAg) attached to a core oligosaccharide, has been reported as a protective antigen. Purification of LPS saccharides of defined length and composition is necessary to reveal the epitopes targeted by protective antibodies. In this study, we purified saccharides from LPS preparations from both the Ft subspecies holarctica live vaccine strain (LVS) and the virulent Ft subspecies tularensis SchuS4 strain using liquid chromatography. We then characterized the fractions using high-resolution mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. Three types of saccharides were observed in both the LVS and SchuS4 preparations: two consisting of OAg tetrasaccharide repeats attached to one of two core oligosaccharide variants and one consisting of tetrasaccharide repeats only (coreless). The coreless OAg oligosaccharides were shown to contain Qui4NFm (4,6-dideoxy-4-formamido-D-glucose) at the nonreducing end and QuiNAc (2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-O-D-glucose) at the reducing end. Purified homogeneous preparations of saccharides of each type will allow mapping of protective epitopes in Ft LPS.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Synthetic Essentiality of Metabolic Regulator PDHK1 in PTEN-Deficient Cells and Cancers. (2020)

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor and bi-functional lipid and protein phosphatase. We report that the metabolic regulator pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase1 (PDHK1) is a synthetic-essential gene in PTEN-deficient cancer and normal cells. The PTEN protein phosphatase dephosphorylates nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-activating protein (NKAP) and limits NFκB activation to suppress expression of PDHK1, a NF-κB target gene. Loss of the PTEN protein phosphatase upregulates PDHK1 to induce aerobic glycolysis and PDHK1 cellular dependence. PTEN-deficient human tumors harbor increased PDHK1, a biomarker of decreased patient survival. This study uncovers a PTEN-regulated signaling pathway and reveals PDHK1 as a potential target in PTEN-deficient cancers.Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PMID: 31461649 Funding information This work was supported by: NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 CA211052 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 GM118939 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 CA204302 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 CA128583 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K08 CA218691 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 CA169338 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: U54 CA209891 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DP2 CA174497 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: U54 CA224081 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 GM008284 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: U01 CA217882 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
Synthesis of Boron(III)‐Coordinated Subchlorophins and Their Peripheral Modifications (2017)

A pyrrole-cleaving modification to transform boron(III) meso-triphenylsubporphyrin into boron(III) meso-triphenylsubchlorophin has been developed. Boron(III) subchlorophins thus synthesized show absorption and fluorescence spectra that are roughly similar to those of boron(III) subchlorins, but B-methoxy boron(III) subchlorophin showed considerably intensified fluorescence and a small Stokes shift. Peripheral modification reactions of B-phenyl boron(III) subchlorophin such as regioselective nitration with Cu(NO<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub> ⋅3 H<sub>2</sub> O, ipso-substitution reactions of boron(III) α-nitrosubchlorophin with CsF and CsCl, and Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of boron(III) α-chlorosubchlorophin with arylacetylenes, have been also explored to tune the optical properties of subchlorophins.
Preparation and Some Properties of [CoIIorIII{RhIII(aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]-Type S-Bridged Trinuclear Complexes (1990)

Abstract The reactions of fac-[Rh(aet)3] (aet=2-aminoethanethiolate) or ΔLLL-fac-[Rh(l-cys-N,S)3]3− (l-cys=l-cysteinate) with [CoCl(NH3)5]2+ produced [CoIII{RhIII(aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]3+or3−, while the reactions with Co2+ formed [CoII{RhIII(aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]2+or4− which were oxidized to give [CoIII{RhIII (aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]3+or3−. These complexes were optically resolved or separated by fractional crystallization or column chromatography, and characterized from their absorption, CD and 13C NMR spectra. The reactions of fac-ΔLLL-[Rh(l-cys-N,S)3]3− with [CoCl(NH3)5]2+ or Co2+ at room temperature proceeded with retention of the starting ΔLLL configuration to give the ΔLLLΔLLL isomer, while the reaction with Co2+ at high temperature (ca. 95 °C) was accompanied by inversion to form the ΔLLLΛLLL, ΛLLLΛLLL, and ΔLLLΔLLL isomers. Cyclic voltammetric measurements of [CoIII {RhIII(aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]3+or3− in water showed a quasi-reversible redox couple corresponding to the central Co(III)/(II) at ca. −0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Their absorption and CD spectra and cyclic voltammograms are discussed in comparison with those of the corresponding [CoIII{CoIII (aet or l-cys-N,S)3}2]3+or3−.
A passively mode-locked Ti: Al_20_3 laser using a nonlinear coupled cavity (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Goodberlet, J. Wang, J. G. Fujimoto, S. R. Henion, and P. A. Schulz, "A passively mode-locked Ti: Al203 laser using a nonlinear coupled cavity," Optics News 15(12), 8-9 (1989) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Features of cubicle type vacuum-insulated switchgear (C-VIS) (2013)

A 24kV cubicle type vacuum-insulated switchgear (CVIS) has been developed to satisfy a wide variety of requirements for electric power supply systems. The CVIS has achieved a SF6-gas-free system by mixed insulation technology with vacuum, solid and air for both environmental friendliness and ease of maintenance. The vacuum switches for circuit breaker, disconnector and earthing switch are integrated as one switch unit in order to reduce the size and the weight of the equipment. The switch unit is insulated with molded epoxy resin against the earth fault. No high-voltage part is exposed in the CVIS for safety improvement. Moreover, the molded epoxy resin ensures the long-term reliability of the switches. Each phase is separated completely to prevent interphase short circuit. The double-break three-position vacuum switch improves the reliability of the current breaking performance. The electro-magnetic driving mechanism with greaseless linkages makes periodical lubrication unnecessary and saves the driving energy. (4 pages)
Post-War Reconstruction in Great Britain (1942)

There is an almost universal expectation of considerable social reconstruction in Great Britain as soon as the United Nations have achieved victory, and even of instalments in the course of the war itself. This expectation rests upon keen disapproval of certain British social and economie institutions, but also upon confidence in and respect for a national character, which, in the centuries of its development, has achieved mighty and noble works in the building of its political and economic habitation. In the following observations on the subject of reconstruction we shall be chiefly concerned with four factors: the influences that have produced the manifestly strong impetus to reconstruct; the cardinal reforms that are in mind; the agencies which have been established to collate, ponder, and implement the proposals; and finally, it will be well to find an answer to the question, what are the prospects of substantial advance? Britain entered the war in a deliberate, not a romantic frame of mind. There was a job to be done, a terrible problem to be solved, not an adventure to be enjoyed. This sobriety led to the immediate raising of the question, “How can this shocking event be prevented from recurring, and to what extent are we as a nation responsible for it?” The result was a widespread canvassing of war aims and peace aims—the newspapers were at once full of the discussion. Generally, the first phase of attention was to international arrangements, and, in the course of time, this produced a spate of suggestions revolving around the conception of federalism. We need not do more than point to the establishment of Federal Union , and the series of papers written on the subject of World Order under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs.
Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Synchronization Control for Unmatched Uncertainties of Chaos Systems (2011)

Propose a rapid sliding mode synchronization method with non-singular terminal for unmatched uncertainties of chaos systems. Through the design of switching surface of sliding mode and corresponding nonsingular terminal sliding mode control strategy, making the two chaotic systems with unmatched uncertainties can be synchronized in finite time. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduce the chattering of sliding mode control, make the synchronization time shorter and has better robustness on parameter uncertainty and uncertain external disturbances.
Nonlinear response in the scintillation yield of Lu/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Ce/sup 3+/ (1994)

The absolute light yield of cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate Lu/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Ce/sup 3+/ (LSO:Ce) scintillation crystals is presented. From 60 keV to above 1 MeV the light output increases linearly with the gamma-ray energy and is about 67% of that of NaI(Tl/sup +/). However, a nonlinear response is observed for X-ray energies between 5 and 60 keV. For comparison, we also studied the light yield of a Gd/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Ce/sup 3+/ crystal and a CsI:Tl crystal as a function of excitation energy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synergistic Effects of PectaSol-C Modified Citrus Pectin an Inhibitor of Galectin-3 and Paclitaxel on Apoptosis of Human SKOV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cells (2013)

Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a carbohydrate-binding protein which is thought to be involved in cancer progression but its contribution to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. The present study sought to determine the role of Gal-3 in chemoresistance of the human SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell line to paclitaxel (PTX) using recombinant human Gal-3 (rhGal-3) and PectaSol-C modified citrus pectin (Pect-MCP) as a specific Gal-3 competitive inhibitor. Our results showed 41% increased cell proliferation, 36% decreased caspase-3 activity and 33.6% increased substrate-dependent adhesion in the presence of rhGal-3 compared to the control case (p<0.001). Treatment of cells with a non-effective dose of PTX (100nM) and 0.1% Pect-MCP in combination revealed synergistic cytotoxic effects with 75% reduced cell viability and subsequent 3.9-fold increase in caspase-3 activity. Moreover, there was 39% decrease in substrate-dependent adhesion compared to control (p<0.001). These results suggest that inhibition of Gal-3 could be a useful therapeutic tool for combination therapy of ovarian cancer.
Kisspeptin enhances penile tumescence and sexual brain processing in men with low sexual desire (2022)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Experimentally measured diffraction of sonic boom waves around a house (2007)

During June 2006, a series of sonic boom flight tests were conducted as a part of the NASA low-boom/no boom program. One objective was to evaluate structural acoustic building response on a house. This presentation gives some results of that test regarding the outdoor pressure response on and near the house. The passage of the sonic booms over a nearby wall and the house itself have been examined to determine the maximum pressure loading. Both conventional N-waves and low-amplitude N-waves have been considered. The results indicate that the walls of the house facing the direction of the incoming sonic boom receive the maximum loading in agreement with image theory. The findings also confirm the temporal and spatial dependence of the structural loading. [The first author is supported by NASA and the FAA/NASA/Transport-Canada PARTNER Center of Excellence.]
Structure and properties of reduced barium niobium oxide single crystals obtained from borate fluxes (1991)

Single crystals of the reduced niobate Ba2Nb15O32 are produced by heating NbO2 in BaO·3B2O3 under high-vacuum conditions. The borate acts both as a source of BaO and as a flux for crystallization. The compound Ba2Nb15O32 crystallizes in space group R3 (a = 7.777 (1) Å, c = 35.518 (6) Å) and contains isolated [Nb6O12]O6 clusters arranged in layers. As side products, single crystals of the following phases are formed: Ba3Nb5O15 (space group P4/mbm, a = 12.598 (1) Å, c = 3.9774 (5) Å with a tetragonal tungsten bronze-type structure, and BaNb8O14 (space group Pcab, a = 9.4222 (9) Å, b = 10.3649 (9) Å, c = 23.716 (3) Å), which contains [Nb6O12]O6 clusters in a three-dimensional arrangement, interconnected by three different modes of oxygen sharing. The new compound Ba2Nb15O32 exhibits a semiconductor-to-semiconductor transition at 170 K, coinciding with a transition from a weakly paramagnetic state to diamagnetism. Single-crystal resistivity measurements on Ba3Nb5O15 indicate a significant anisotropy (ρ⊥c = 55 ρ||c at 300 K) and small bandgap semiconducting behavior.
Possible correlation between blood glucose concentration and the reduced scattering coefficient of tissues in the near infrared (1994)

Tissue glucose levels affect the refractive index of the extracellular fluid. The difference in refractive index between the extracellular fluid and the cellular components plays a role in determining the reduced scattering coefficient (micro(s)') of tissue. Hence a physical correlation may exist between the reduced scattering coefficient and glucose concentration. We have designed and constructed a frequency-domain near-infrared tissue spectrometer capable of measuring the reduced scattering coefficient of tissue with enough precision to detect changes in glucose levels in the physiological and pathological range.
Geometry-free ambiguity success rates in case of partial fixing (1999)

GPS ambiguity resolution is the process of solving the
unknown cycle ambiguities of the carrier phase data as
integers. It is the key to fast and high precision relative GPS
positioning. Since unsuccessful ambiguity resolution, when
passed unnoticed, will often lead to unacceptable errors in
the positioning results, very high success rates are required
for ambiguity resolution to be reliable. In this contribution
we present and evaluate the probability of correct integer
ambiguity estimation for the ionosphere-weighted geometry-free
GPS model. Particular attention is given to a partial
fixing of the ambiguities.
Foreground Segmentation via Background Modeling on Riemannian Manifolds (2010)

Statistical modeling in color space is a widely used approach for background modeling to foreground segmentation. Nevertheless, sometimes computing such statistics directly on image values is not enough to achieve a good discrimination. Thus the image may be converted into a more information rich form, such as a tensor field, in which can be encoded color and gradients. In this paper, we exploit the theoretically well-founded differential geometrical properties of the Riemannian manifold where tensors lie. We propose a novel and efficient approach for foreground segmentation on tensor field based on data modeling by means of Gaussians mixtures (GMM) directly in the tensor domain. We introduced a Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the mixture parameters, and are proposed two algorithms based on an online K-means approximation of EM, in order to speed up the process. Theoretic analysis and experimental evaluations demonstrate the promise and effectiveness of the proposed framework.
An Analysis of Tension Methods for Convexity-Preserving Interpolation (1987)

We introduce a Hermite-interpolating space general enough to include most commonly used tensioned interpolants, with conditions that allow others to be easily constructed. Each of these spaces may be associated with a convexity interval that gives a quantitative measure of its ability to produce convexity-preserving interpolants. This analysis is applied to produce a simple algorithm for constructing piecewise univariate C1 interpolants that preserve convexity of the data by adaptive tension application.
Differential Interactions of Nucleotides at the Two Nucleotide Binding Domains of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (2001)

After phosphorylation by protein kinase A, gating of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel is regulated by the interaction of ATP with its nucleotide binding domains (NBDs). Models of this gating regulation have proposed that ATP hydrolysis at NBD1 and NBD2 may drive channel opening and closing, respectively (reviewed in Nagel, G. (1999) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1461, 263-274). However, as yet there has been little biochemical confirmation of the predictions of these models. We have employed photoaffinity labeling with 8-azido-ATP, which supports channel gating as effectively as ATP to evaluate interactions with each NBD in intact membrane-bound CFTR. Mutagenesis of Walker A lysine residues crucial for azido-ATP hydrolysis to generate the azido-ADP that is trapped by vanadate indicated a greater role of NBD1 than NBD2. Separation of the domains by limited trypsin digestion and enrichment by immunoprecipitation confirmed greater and more stable nucleotide trapping at NBD1. This asymmetry of the two domains in interactions with nucleotides was reflected most emphatically in the response to the nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue, 5'-adenylyl-beta,gamma-imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP), which in the gating models was proposed to bind with high affinity to NBD2 causing inhibition of ATP hydrolysis there postulated to drive channel closing. Instead we found a strong competitive inhibition of nucleotide hydrolysis and trapping at NBD1 and a simultaneous enhancement at NBD2. This argues strongly that AMP-PNP does not inhibit ATP hydrolysis at NBD2 and thereby questions the relevance of hydrolysis at that domain to channel closing.