gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Electronics Jigsaw Puzzle in the Trucking Industry (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;High tech is permeating the trucking industry, which is now entering the electronics and information age. The trucks of today are becoming increasingly sophisticated with technical innovations occurring in many areas.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Electronic engines, electronic service tools, onboard computers, real time communication utilities and computerized operations represent a few key technical solutions that are finding increasing penetration in the market. These technical solutions complement and/or compete with one another as they strive to meet the needs of the trucking fleets. The extent to which they complement and/or compete with one another is not readily or widely understood. It will take skill and knowledge on the part of the customer and the supplier to know the difference.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A quick glance at these solutions makes one simple fact clear: electronics is the technology that is common to all these solutions and is capable of weaving them together. Its ability to function as a common denominator has put electronics in a unique position. It has become the only technology that is forcing the trucking industry to change the way it does business.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this paper, the confusing aspect of how these electronic solutions interact is studied. The analysis is posed in the form of an electronics jigsaw puzzle which, when put together, matches solutions to needs. It outlines the techniques that the trucking industry can follow to find the 100-percent solution to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of trucking fleets.&lt;/div&gt;
Nutraceutical values of natural honey and its contribution to human health and wealth (2012)

The use of natural honey (NH) as a nutraceutical agent is associated with nutritional benefits and therapeutic promises. NH is widely accepted as food and medicine by all generations, traditions and civilizations, both ancient and modern. The nutritional profiles, including its use in infant and children feeding reported in different literatures as well as health indices and biomarkers observed by various researchers are illustrated in this manuscript. The review documents folk medicine, experimentation with animal models, and orthodox medical practices shown by clinical trials. This covers virtually all human organs and body systems extensively studied by different workers. The sources and adverse effects of NH contamination, as well as the preventive methods are identified. This could promote the availability of residue free honey and a wholesome natural product for domestic consumption and international market. This could also help to prevent health problems associated with NH poisoning. In addition, apicultural practices and the economic importance of honey are well documented. This report also includes information about a relatively unknown and uncommon South American stingless bee species. We concluded this review by identifying important roles for Ethno-entomologists, other Scientists and Apiculturists in the development of stingless bees to boost honey production, consumption and economic earnings.
Fluorescent BODIPY-Based Zn(II) Complex as a Molecular Probe for Selective Detection of Neurofibrillary Tangles in the Brains of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients (2009)

We have developed a new fluorescent binuclear Zn(II) complex for the detection of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, a representative hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The probe 1 incorporates a fluorescent BODIPY unit and two Zn(II)-2,2'-dipicolylamine (Dpa) complexes as a binding site for phosphorylated amino acid residues. Using fluorescence titration to evaluate the binding and sensing properties of 1 toward several phosphorylated peptide segments derived from hyperphosphorylated tau protein, we found that 1 binds preferentially to peptides presenting phosphorylated groups at the i and i+4 positions with dissociation constants (K(d)) in the micromolar range. Fluorescence titration with an artificially prepared aggregate of the phosphorylated tau protein (p-Tau) revealed that 1 binds strongly to p-Tau (EC(50) = 9 nM). In contrast, the interactions of 1 were weaker toward artificially prepared aggregates of the nonphosphorylated tau protein (n-Tau; EC(50) = 80 nM) and Abeta(1-42) fibrils (EC(50) = 650 nM). Histological imaging of a hippocampus tissue section obtained from an AD patient revealed that 1 fluorescently visualizes deposits of NFTs and clearly discriminates between NFTs and the amyloid plaques assembled from amyloid-beta peptides, confirming our strategy toward the rational design of a molecular probe for the selective fluorescence detection of NFTs in brain tissue sections.
Imaging Considerations for a Technetium-99m Myocardial Perfusion Agent (1986)

Myocardial perfusion imaging with /sup 201/Tl chloride suffers from a number of physical, geometric, and dosimetric constraints that could be diminished if an agent labeled with /sup 99m/Tc were available. The cationic complex /sup 99m/Tc hexakis-(t-butylisonitrile)technetium(I) ((/sup 99m/Tc)TBI) has been shown to concentrate in the myocardial tissue of both animals and humans, with preliminary clinical studies demonstrating a number of technical attributes not possible with /sup 201/Tl. Technetium-99m-TBI is a promising myocardial imaging agent that may permit high quality planar, gated, and tomographic imaging of both myocardial ischemia and infarction with reduced imaging times and improved resolution.
Application of Nuclear Instrumentation Techniques to X-Ray Diffraction from Muscle (1975)

The applications of position sensitive counters and multichannel analyzers to X-ray diffraction data collection from live muscle undergoing contraction are described in this paper. Electronic data collection methods are described which enable time resolved studies of the X-ray patterns. It is expected that such information will lead to a clearer understanding of the structural changes, at a molecular level, taking place during muscular contraction.
Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of seed extracts of <i>Persea americana</i> (avocado pear) (2010)

Antimicrobial activity of seed extracts of Persia amerciana against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Salmonella typhi, Neisseria gonorrhoea and Candida albicans was carried out using the disc diffusion technique. The methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts demonstrated promising activity against the test organisms. The activity of methanol extract was more pronounced against C. albicans (42mm) while that of petroleum ether extract was the least against E.coli (6mm). However, S. typhi and E. coli were resistant to chloroform and methanol extracts. The activity of the ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol extracts compared favourably with that of standard antibiotic streptomycin (30μgdics-1). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that methanol and ethyl acetate extracts had the lowest MIC value (10mg/ml) against C. albicans, indicating higher potency. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids alkaloids and terpenoids. The spectra of antimicrobial activities displayed by the extracts could be attributed to the presence of these phytochemicals and signifies the potential of Persia amerciana as a source of therapeutic agents. This therefore, supports the traditional medicinal use of Persia amerciana and suggests that further studies should be conducted to isolate and identify the active components of the extract. Keywords: Phytochemical, antimicrobial screening, Persea americana, seeds, MIC
Elevated Intracellular Calcium Stimulates NHE3 Activity by an IKEPP (NHERF4) Dependent Mechanism (2020)

The ileal brush border (BB) contains four evolutionarily related multi-PDZ domain proteins including NHERF1, NHERF2, PDZK1 (NHERF3) and IKEPP (NHERF4). Why multiple related PDZ proteins are in a similar location in the same cell is unknown. However, some specificity in regulation of NHE3 activity has been identified. For example, elevated intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) inhibition of NHE3 is reconstituted by NHERF2 but not NHERF1, and involves the formation of large NHE3 complexes. To further evaluate the specificity of the NHERF family in calcium regulation of NHE3 activity, the current study determined whether the four PDZ domain containing protein IKEPP reconstitutes elevated [Ca2+]i regulation of NHE3. In vitro, IKEPP bound to the F2 region (aa 590-667) of NHE3 in overlay assays, which is the same region where NHERF1 and NHERF2 bind. PS120 cells lack endogenous NHE3 and IKEPP. Treatment of PS120/NHE3/IKEPP cells (stably transfected with NHE3 and IKEPP) with the Ca2+ ionophore, 4-Br-{"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"A23187","term_id":"833253","term_text":"A23187"}}A23187 (0.5μM), stimulated NHE3 Vmax activity by ∼40%. This was associated with an increase in plasma membrane expression of NHE3 by a similar amount. NHE3 activity and surface expression were unaffected by {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"A23187","term_id":"833253","term_text":"A23187"}}A23187 in PS120/NHE3 cells lacking IKEPP. Based on sucrose density gradient centrifugation, IKEPP was also shown to exist in large complexes, some of which overlap in size with NHE3, and the size of both NHE3 and IKEPP complexes decreased in parallel after [Ca2+]i elevation. FRET experiments on fixed cells demonstrated that IKEPP and NHE3 directly associated at an intracellular site. Elevating [Ca2+]i decreased this intracellular NHE3 and IKEPP association. In summary: (1) In the presence of IKEPP, elevated [Ca2+]i stimulates NHE3 activity. This was associated with increased expression of NHE3 in the plasma membrane as well as a shift to smaller sizes of NHE3 and IKEPP containing complexes. (2) IKEPP directly binds NHE3 at its F2 C-terminal domain and directly associates with NHE3 in vivo (FRET). (3) Elevated [Ca2+]i decreased the association of IKEPP and NHE3 in an intracellular compartment. Based on which NHERF family member is expressed in PS120 cells, elevated [Ca2+]i stimulates (IKEPP), inhibits (NHERF2) or does not affect (NHERF1) NHE3 activity. This demonstrates that regulation of NHE3 depends on the nature of the NHERF family member associating with NHE3 and the accompanying NHE3 complexes.
High‐Speed Tracking of Murine Cardiac Stem Cells by Harmonic Nanodoublers (2012)

Potassium niobate nonlinear nanoparticles are used for the first time to monitor the evolution of embryonic stem cells (ESC) by second harmonic microscopy. These particles feature the complete absence of photo-bleaching and unlimited excitation wavelength flexibility. The potential of this approach is made evident for tissue-regeneration studies and applications, by capturing a high-speed movie of ESC-derived cardiomyocytes autonomously beating within a cluster. Time-resolved data are analyzed to retrieve 3D information of the contraction pattern at the cellular level.
Childhood Nail Psoriasis: A Useful Treatment with Tazarotene 0.05% (2007)

Nail psoriasis occurs in 7% to 40% of children, with a similar pattern of clinical presentation to that of adults. In 0.6% to 2.3% of the patients nail changes appear as the only sign of the disease, preceding other skin and articular involvement. No pediatric clinical trials are available yet, but considering the successful use of tazarotene for nail dystrophy therapy in adults, we chose this drug to treat a child.
A review of “Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier—Technologies, Systems, Economy” Carl-Jochen Winter and Joachim Nitsch, Editors, (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988), $113·00. (1993)

(1993). A review of “Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier—Technologies, Systems, Economy” Carl-Jochen Winter and Joachim Nitsch, Editors, (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988), $113·00. Energy Sources: Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 171-175.
In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of potent hair growth stimulators on cultured human hair follicle cells. (1990)

これまで困難とされてきた毛包細胞の培養が可能となつたため, この培養細胞を用いて育毛剤の効果をin vitroで判定できるようになつた。この培養法は抜去毛毛包を培養材料としIV型コラーゲンあるいはI型, IV型混合コラーゲン膜を培養基質とする分散培養法で, 間葉系細胞を含まないため定量的実験が可能である。本法にて毛包細胞を培養し, 培地中に各種薬剤を添加して細胞数, DNA合成, 細胞の寿命への影響を検討した。これにより, 育毛剤の毛包細胞に対する増殖促進作用, 寿命延長効果を短期間で定量的に判定することができた。
High-Pressure Phase Equilibria for Polypropylene−Hydrocarbon Systems (2000)

The objective of this work is to provide new high-pressure phase equilibrium data for a commercial isotactic polypropylene grade with some hydrocarbon solvents (propane, propylene, n-butane, and 1-butene). The experiments were performed in a high-pressure, variable-volume view cell in the temperature range of 80−150 °C and in polymer composition from 0.3 to 10 wt %. Phase transitions were visually recorded as cloud points and identified as liquid−liquid, vapor−liquid, and vapor−liquid−liquid. It was experimentally observed that the use of paraffins, at the same temperature and composition, led to a decrease in the pressure transition when compared to the olefins (with the same chain length), thus increasing the one-phase region. The P−T diagram for these systems were constructed, affording the location of the lower critical solution temperature curves as well as the lower critical equilibrium pressures. Experimental tests were also carried out for solutions containing toluene as the cosolvent, and it was observed that the increase of toluene concentrations leads to the decrease of the two-phase region.
Flavopiridol, An Inhibitor of Transcription: Implications, Problems and Solutions (2004)

After a decade of exciting promises, the CDK inhibitor flavopiridol has quietly failed in most clinical trials. This review discusses that flavopiridol is a potent inhibitor of global transcription. This explains not only downregulation of numerous proteins, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis but also all pleiotropic and mysterious effects of flavopiridol. Yet, flavopiridol is not just a second actinomycin D. As an inhibitor of transcription with a unique mechanism of action, flavopiridol may have tremendous clinical potentials. This article reviews the molecular and cellular effects of flavopiridol as well as mechanisms of therapeutic and side effects, suggesting its novel clinical applications as a single agent and in drug combinations.
Vibration Isolation via Linear and Nonlinear Periodic Devices (2009)

The current manuscripts deals with the design of passive mechanical filters for vibration attenuation a low frequencies. Traditionally, this has been addressed employing dissipation as the attenuation mechanism. While such strategy provides broad-frequency effectiveness, attenuation at any given frequency is modest. Mass and stiffness-modulated periodic systems, on the other hand, exploit dispersion as the attenuation mechanism and represent an alternative to dissipation-based devices. Attenuation due to dispersion may be significantly higher than what is afforded by dissipation-based systems within a design frequency rage. The proposed assemblies, however, are not easily tailored to filter lowe-frequency vibrations. To this end, embedding such periodic systems into an elastic matrix yields a high-pass mechanical filter with tunable stop bands were waves are not allowed to propagate. Significant improvements in performance moreover may be obtained if intrinsically nonlinear devices are adopted. Specifically, a strongly nonlinear medium such as ordered granular media supports a limited number of waveforms, resulting in an efficient mechanical filter. Results reported here, in fact, suggest matrix-embedded sphere chains as highly tunable mechanical filters for vibration attenuation.
Capability for Fine Tuning of the Refractive Index Sensing Properties of Long-Period Gratings by Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3 Overlays (2013)

This work presents an application of thin aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films obtained using atomic layer deposition (ALD) for fine tuning the spectral response and refractive-index (RI) sensitivity of long-period gratings (LPGs) induced in optical fibers. The technique allows for an efficient and well controlled deposition at monolayer level (resolution ~ 0.12 nm) of excellent quality nano-films as required for optical sensors. The effect of Al2O3 deposition on the spectral properties of the LPGs is demonstrated experimentally and numerically. We correlated both the increase in Al2O3 thickness and changes in optical properties of the film with the shift of the LPG resonance wavelength and proved that similar films are deposited on fibers and oxidized silicon reference samples in the same process run. Since the thin overlay effectively changes the distribution of the cladding modes and thus also tunes the device’s RI sensitivity, the tuning can be simply realized by varying number of cycles, which is proportional to thickness of the high-refractive-index (n &gt; 1.6 in infrared spectral range) Al2O3 film. The advantage of this approach is the precision in determining the film properties resulting in RI sensitivity of the LPGs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that an ultra-precise method for overlay deposition has been applied on LPGs for RI tuning purposes and the results have been compared with numerical simulations based on LP mode approximation.
Correlation of Wound Pain Following Open Heart Surgery (Median Sternotomy) and Sternum Misalignment Assessed Using X-Ray Computed Tomography (2000)

Continuous and uncontrolled wound pain frequently follows open heart surgery (median sternotomy). The authors investigated pain origins with x-ray computed tomography (CT). The assessment included 34 patients (29 males, 5 females, mean age 57 years) who underwent open heart surgery. All received unenhanced CT scans in horizontal 5 mm segments from the upper margin of the aortic arch to the diaphragm. Sternum alignment was measured on the horizontal sections. The maximum slide (mm) and number of slippage sections determined the severity of misalignment. Patients had postoperative wound pain duration (months) measurements and were grouped by an analogic pain scale three months after surgery: group 1, no pain or only slightly painful; group 2, ranging through painful, very painful, and unbearably painful. All received chest x-rays, Holter ECGs, stress ECGs and echocardiograms. Pain originating from angina pectoris, pericardial effusion or pleural effusion was excluded in all patients. Sternums were transfixed by 5 metal wires, and sternum cross-sections were clearly visible on the CT scans. Although no sternum separations existed, 29 of 34 patients had misalignments. The average vertical misalignment measured 5.5 ± 3.6 mm (maximum 11 mm) with the average number of CT sections with misalignments being 21.2 ± 9.5. The duration of post-operative pain was much longer for the 29 patients with misalignments than the 5 without misalignments (17.2 ± 6.2 months and 3.9 ± 2.5 months, respectively, p < 0.01). The analogic pain scale included 15 in group 1, and 19 in group 2. The average misalignment was larger in group 2 than in group 1 (6.4 ± 2.1 mm and 3.1 ± 1.8 mm, respectively, p < 0.01). CT scans clearly visualize sternum cross-sections. The authors' results suggest that wound pain after open heart surgery (median sternotomy) is directly linked to sternum misalignments.
Structural Requirements for the Stabilization of Metarhodopsin II by the C Terminus of the α subunit of Transducin (2001)

The retinal receptor rhodopsin undergoes a conformational change upon light excitation to form metarhodopsin II (Meta II), which allows interaction and activation of its cognate G protein, transducin (G(t)). A C-terminal 11-amino acid peptide from transducin, G(talpha)-(340-350), has been shown to both bind and stabilize the Meta II conformation, mimicking heterotrimeric G(t). Using a combinatorial library we identified analogs of G(talpha)-(340-350) that bound light-activated rhodopsin with high affinity (Martin, E. L., Rens-Domiano, S., Schatz, P. J., and Hamm, H. E. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 361-366). We have made peptides with key substitutions either on the background of the native G(talpha)-(340-350) sequence or on the high affinity sequences and used the stabilization of Meta II as a tool to determine which amino acids are critical in G protein-rhodopsin interaction. Removal of the positive charge at the N termini by acylation or delocalization of the charge by K to R substitution enhances the affinity of the G(talpha)-(340-350) peptides for Meta II, whereas a decrease was observed following C-terminal amidation. Cys-347, a residue conserved in pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, was shown to interact with a hydrophobic site in Meta II. These studies provide further insight into the mechanism of interaction between the G(talpha) C terminus and light-activated rhodopsin.
Discriminatory Therapy for Very Fast Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (2008)

This study has demonstrated for the first time that ATP and low-energy shock are effective, as an alternative to high-energy shock, to revert induced VFVT. Low-energy shock has a very high success rate for VT slower than VFVT. Clinical studies are required prior to consideration for empiric programming.
Application of higher order cumulants to ECG signals for the cardiac health diagnosis (2011)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the P-QRS-T wave which indicates the electrical activity of the heart. The subtle changes in the amplitude and duration of the ECG signal depict the cardiac abnormality. It is very difficult to decipher these minute changes by the naked eye. Hence, a computer-aided diagnosis system will help the physicians to monitor the cardiac health. The ECG is a nonlinear and non-stationary signal. Hence, the hidden information in the ECG signal can be extracted using nonlinear method. In this paper, we have automatically classified normal and abnormal beats using higher order spectra (HOS) cumulants of wavelet packet decomposition (WPD). The abnormal beats are ventricular premature contractions (VPC) and Atrial premature contractions (APC). These HOS cumulant features of the WPD are subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the number of features to five. Finally these features were fed to the support vector machine (SVM) with kernel functions for automatic classification. In our work, we have obtained the highest accuracy of 98.4% sensitivity and specificity of 98.9% and 98.0% respectively with radial basis function (RBF) kernel function and Meyer's wavelet (dmey) function. Our system is ready clinically to run on large amount of data sets.
A Simple System for the Rapid Determination of the Anaerobic Compensation Point of Plant Tissue (1990)

A method is described for the rapid determination of the anaerobic compensation point (ACP) of plant tissue, i.e., the O 2 concentration at which CO 2 production is minimum. The rate of CO 2 production is measured from tissue exposed to an exponentially declining O 2 concentration produced by a flow of N 2 into a dilution bottle initially containing air. Too rapid a rate of O 2 decline produces abnormal data because of the time required for the tissue to respond to changes in O 2 concentration. The ACP is easily determined from a plot of CO 2 production vs. O 2 concentration. Rates of CO 2 production and ACPS calculated using the exponentially declining system are similar to those calculated from traditional methods of continuously holding tissue under various O 2 concentrations.