gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of the Warp Knitted Spacer Fabrics for Cushion Applications (2008)

Polyurethane (PU) foam is a common material used in seats, sofas and mattresses, etc. However, the use of PU foam presents some problems concerning comfort and recycling. Compared with PU foam, warp knitted spacer fabrics can solve these problems. This paper presents work in the development of the warp knitted spacer fabrics for cushion application. Three kinds of the properties, i.e., pressure distribution, air permeability, and heat resistance of the fabrics developed are evaluated and compared with those of the PU foam. The results show that the warp knitted spacer fabrics have better pressure relief properties, higher air permeability, and lower heat resistance than PU foam, and thus could be used to substitute PU foam, especially in the case where the comfort and recycle are highly required.
Optimal Combination of Femoral Tunnel Orientation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using an Inside-out Femoral Technique Combined With an Anterolateral Extra-articular Reconstruction (2022)

To minimize risk of tunnel collision or trochlear damage when combining an inside-out ACLR with an ALLR, the ACLR tunnel should be performed with a posterior orientation (alpha angle >40°), and the ALLR tunnel should be aimed with 1 of 3 orientations: 40° axial and 10° coronal, 35° axial and 5° coronal, or 30° axial and 0° coronal.
High-order harmonic generation processes in classical and quantum anharmonic oscillators (1996)

We present a theoretical study of high-order harmonic generation by a slowly driven ``Duffing'' anharmonic oscillator. The power spectra are shown to display a plateau of high harmonics, which ends up with a sharp cutoff. The classical dynamics is analyzed with the adiabatic invariance theorem, which yields a simple interpretation to this characteristic behavior. We compare with the quantum case by solving numerically the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation, and outline the similarity between classical damping and quantum-mechanical ionization processes. This allows us, in particular, to interpret the existence of intrinsic phases between high harmonics and the driving field. We further discuss the implication of these relaxation processes on the coherence of high harmonics, as well as the existence of interference processes yielding quasiresonant structures in intensity dependences. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
PECULIAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Co2MnGa ALLOYS (2017)

Co2MnGa alloy was prepared by the conventional arc-melting method. The optical conductivity (OC) spectrum of the alloy was measured by a rotating-analyzer spectroscopic ellipsometer. The OC spectrum was also calculated based on the electronic structure by using the full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave method within the local-spin-density approximation to the density-functional theory. The calculated OC spectrum does not agree well with the experimental one. Since the Co2MnGa alloy could be a strongly-correlated material, the so-called 'LDA+U' method was applied with U = 5.4 eV. The calculated OC spectrum using the 'LDA+U' method agrees very well with the experimental one. The inclusion of the onsite Coulombpotential during the self-consistent calculation significantly modifies the minorityspin Co and Mn 3d bands, resulting in a contraction of the energy gaps between states which are strongly involved in interband absorption peaks.
Altered serum metabolomics in COPD: analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Little is known about the role of the metabolome in COPD pathogenesis. <b>Aims:</b> To identify metabolic alterations associated with airflow obstruction in smokers. <b>Methods:</b> We analyzed serum samples of 157 smokers by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Airflow obstruction (post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC &lt; 0.7) was staged according to GOLD guidelines. GOLD 0 was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC &gt; 0.7 and FEV1 &gt; 80% predicted. We tested associations between metabolite concentrations and FEV1 % predicted using multivariate regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, body mass index (BMI) and study site. <b>Results:</b> Participants (mean age 53.7 years, 50.3% women, 56.1% current smokers, BMI 27.7 kg/m2) had a mean FEV1 of 78.7% predicted. Twenty-nine metabolites (16 amino acids) were identified by NMR spectral analysis using Chenomx. Overall, 26 of the metabolites were lower in GOLD 3-4 subjects compared to GOLD 0-2 subjects. Multivariate analyses showed a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of 4 metabolites and FEV1% predicted (figure): tryptophan (p=0.002), histidine (p=0.019), valine (p=0.026) and leucine (p=0.034). <b>Conclusions:</b> More severe airflow obstruction is associated with downregulation of serum metabolites in smokers.
Oral, frozen fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) capsules for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (2016)

We confirm the effectiveness and safety of oral administration of frozen encapsulated fecal material, prepared from unrelated donors, in treating recurrent CDI. Randomized studies and FMT registries are still needed to ascertain long-term safety.
Comparison of Fibrin Glue, Laser Weld, and Mechanical Suturing Device for the Laparoscopic Closure of Ureterotomy in a Porcine Model (1997)

All of the alternative laparoscopic ureteral closure methods compared favorably with standard free-needle suturing. Fibrin glue produced better radiographic findings, flow characteristics, and histology, suggesting that it currently has the most promise as an alternative or adjunct to laparoscopic suturing. Development of alternative laparoscopic techniques is ongoing, however, and thus the current state-of-the-art techniques used in this study may well be supplanted by other technologies in the future.
Comparative Lewis Acidity in Fluoroarylboranes: B(o-HC6F4)3, B(p-HC6F4)3, and B(C6F5)3 (2012)

The Lewis acidic fluoroarylborane B(o-HC6F4)3 (2) was prepared and its Lewis acid strength assessed in comparison to the known, related boranes B(C6F5)3 (1) and B(p-HC6F4)3 (3). Experimental methods based on spectroscopic probes and equilibrium measurements were used to show that B(C6F5)3 is the strongest Lewis acid of the three; while the Lewis acidities of 2 and 3 are comparable, the p-H-substituted isomer is slightly stronger in the tests employed. This contrasts with predictions made on the basis of computed bond formation energies, as recently reported by Durfey and Gilbert.
Rollable Latent Space for Azimuth Invariant SAR Target Recognition (2018)

This paper proposes rollable latent space (RLS) for an azimuth invariant synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition. Scarce labeled data and limited viewing direction are critical issues in SAR target recognition.The RLS is a designed space in which rolling of latent features corresponds to 3D rotation of an object. Thus latent features of an arbitrary view can be inferred using those of different views. This characteristic further enables us to augment data from limited viewing in RLS. RLS-based classifiers with and without data augmentation and a conventional classifier trained with target front shots are evaluated over untrained target back shots. Results show that the RLS-based classifier with augmentation improves an accuracy by 30% compared to the conventional classifier.
[Cervical magnetic stimulation. A new method of bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation for use in clinical practice]. (1988)

The stimulation of the phrenic nerves in the neck is one of the techniques for the examination of diaphragmatic contractility. Current methods are restricted by their painful (transcutaneous stimulation) or even potentially dangerous nature (needle stimulation). We have tested both the feasibility and the validity of using magnetic stimulation (SMC) to stimulate the phrenic nerves. This method is painless and devoid of any side effects. Three healthy subjects have been studied using an EMG and transdiaphragmatic pressure measurements (Pdi.) Pdi values obtained by SMC (36.5 +/- 13.5 cm H2O) and their relation to maximal Pdi (22.6 +/- 7%) and to the Pdi at the time of maximal sniff-Pdi sniff (34.7 +/- 8%) were comparable to those values obtained using other methods and were reproducible. The preliminary results show that SMC is a technique for the study of the phrenic nerve and diaphragm which has the advantage of simplicity in use, is repeatable and is completely innocuous.
Effects of marketing stress on fecal excretion of Salmonella spp in feeder calves (1990)

Fecal samples were collected from 200 feeder-calves on farms in Tennessee, after assembly at a Tennessee auction market, and after transport to a Texas feedyard. A final fecal sample was collected from each calf after 30 days of feedyard confinement. The fecal samples were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and antimicrobial drug-resistance patterns determined. The number of calves fecal culture-positive for Salmonella spp increased from 0 on the Tennessee farms and auction market to 3/200 (1.5%) at entry into the Texas feedyard, and 16/200 (8%) after 30 days of feedyard confinement. Salmonella serotypes isolated and the number of isolates of each serotype were S reading (8), S cerro (4), S newbrunswick (3), S anatum (2), and S typhimurium (copenhagen; 2). All Salmonella isolates were resistant to 5 or more of 13 antimicrobial drugs tested. Salmonella reading isolates were resistant to 10 or 11 of 13 antimicrobial drugs. The results indicated that the calves could have been infected with Salmonella spp prior to or during the course of the study, and that marketing stress as they moved from farm through feedyard may have induced fecal excretion of salmonellae. In addition, the pattern of antimicrobial drug resistance in the Salmonella isolates was broad.
REMOVED: Gas Permeation through PDMS Membranes Covered by 1 or 3 nm Thick Carbon Nanomembranes (CNMs) (2012)

This article has been removed: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been removed at the request of the Executive Publisher. This article has been removed because it was published without the permission of the author(s).
Quantification of HPV‐16 E6‐E7 transcription in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (1993)

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is associated with neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. Viral transforming functions have been localized to the E6-E7 open reading frame (ORF) and this ORF is conserved consistently in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Two mRNAs, generated by alternative splicing, are expressed from the E6-E7 ORF. These are known as E6*I and E6*II, and potentially encode the viral E7 and E6 proteins, respectively. It is believed that the HPV-16 transforming ability is mediated by the E6 and E7 proteins. A quantitative RT-PCR assay, developed by us to characterize the relative expression of E6-E7 spliced transcripts, was applied to exfoliated cervical cells obtained from patients in varying stages of clinically defined CIN and who were infected with HPV-16. The relationship between viral expression, disease stage, oral contraceptive use and age was studied. No association was observed between age or oral contraceptive use and HPV-16 E6-E7 expression. However, when both E6*I and E6*II were detected, a direct correlation was observed between relative proportions of E6*I/E6*II mRNAs greater than 95%/5% and increased disease severity. This study underscores the importance of the relationship between quantities of viral transforming gene transcript and the course of cervical disease. It also suggests that quantification of HPV-16 E6-E7 transcription may be useful as a prognostic tool to identify women who are at increased risk of developing cervical cancer.
PROBLEMS WITH NON-DESTRUCTIVE SURFACE X-RAY DIFFRACTION RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENT (1991)

Because surface measurements are non-destructive, x-ray diffraction is often considered as a method of residual stress measurement for quality control testing. Unfortunately, errors caused by the presence of a subsurface stress gradient as well as difficulties in interpreting surface results often limit the usefulness of surface data. The magnitude of the potential errors, both in measurement and in interpretation, depends upon the nature of the subsurface residual stress distribution which can only be determined destructively. Although residual stress distributions subject to these problems are commonly encountered in practice, the question of the validity of non-destructive surface results is seldom adequately considered. Examples are presented showing common residual stress distributions produced by grinding, nitriding and shot peening which are subject to errors in measurement and/or interpretation when measured only at the surface. The methods for determining the subsurface residual stress distributions and correction for penetration of the x-ray beam are discussed along with examples of their application. The need to determine the subsurface stress distribution in order to verify the accuracy of surface measurements is emphasized.
HIV-1 induces targeted down-regulation of the Ig gene-diversifying enzyme AID in the germinal center of infected lymphoid follicles (45.1) (2007)

Abstract Class switching from IgM to IgG and IgA is essential for antiviral immunity and requires activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), an APOBEC family member with DNA-editing activity. Germinal center (GC) B cells express AID upon activation by CD4+ T cells through CD40 ligand (CD40L) and IL-4. HIV-1 is thought to impair IgG and IgA responses to viral antigens, opportunistic pathogens and vaccines by causing progressive loss of CD4+ T cells and by rendering B cells poorly responsive to CD4+ T cell help. It remains unknown whether HIV-1 targets AID to hamper protective IgG and IgA responses. We found that infected GCs contained less AID, but normal APOBEC3G, an AID-related RNA-editing protein. AID down-regulation was not associated with local loss of CD4+ T cells and CD40L, but rather correlated with decreased activation of AID-inducing transcription factors, such as NF-κB and STAT6, and with increased expression of feedback inhibitors of NF-κB and STAT6, including IκBα, SOCS1 and SOCS3. AID down-regulation also correlated with accumulation of the viral protein Nef in the GC and with trafficking of Nef within membrane channels connecting infected myeloid cells to B cells. Together with our recent in vitro studies showing that Nef penetrates B cells and inhibits class, the present in vivo data suggest that HIV-1 evades protective IgG and IgA responses by targeting the class switch recombinase machinery.
[Isolated luxation of the trapezium bone]. (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>
From graphite to graphene: direct liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite to produce single- and few-layered pristine graphene (2013)

Graphene, a two-dimensional crystalline form of carbon, has attracted wide and intense interest owing to its excellent physical properties and because its surface and edges can be chemically modified readily. Development of a method for producing high-quality graphene in large quantities is essential for further investigation of its properties and applications. The direct liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite to produce graphene is a convenient method for generating ideal graphene samples in large quantities. This direct method, which involves the use of colloidal suspensions, is based on the one-step physical transformation of graphite into graphene and has many unique advantages. A large number of liquids have been employed as exfoliation media and show a range of exfoliation efficiencies. In this review, we highlight the recent progress made on the exfoliation of bulky graphite powders or flakes into single- and few-layered graphene sheets in various liquids, including organic solvents, ionic liquids, and water/surfactant solutions. The qualities and yields of the exfoliated graphene samples, as well as their use in various applications, are also reviewed. Furthermore, future research directions for the development of novel exfoliation media and more efficient techniques for producing well-exfoliated pristine graphene are proposed.
High-Performance Flexible Thin-Film Transistors Based on Single-Crystal-like Silicon Epitaxially Grown on Metal Tape by Roll-to-Roll Continuous Deposition Process (2016)

Single-crystal-like silicon (Si) thin films on bendable and scalable substrates via direct deposition are a promising material platform for high-performance and cost-effective devices of flexible electronics. However, due to the thick and unintentionally highly doped semiconductor layer, the operation of transistors has been hampered. We report the first demonstration of high-performance flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) using single-crystal-like Si thin films with a field-effect mobility of ∼200 cm<sup>2</sup>/V·s and saturation current, I/l<sub>W</sub> > 50 μA/μm, which are orders-of-magnitude higher than the device characteristics of conventional flexible TFTs. The Si thin films with a (001) plane grown on a metal tape by a "seed and epitaxy" technique show nearly single-crystalline properties characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The realization of flexible and high-performance Si TFTs can establish a new pathway for extended applications of flexible electronics such as amplification and digital circuits, more than currently dominant display switches.
High-serum MMP-8 levels are associated with decreased survival and systemic inflammation in colorectal cancer (2018)

High-serum MMP-8 levels are associated with systemic inflammation and adverse outcome in CRC.
Comparison of formant enhancement methods for HMM-based speech synthesis. (2010)

Hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech synthesis has a tendency to over-smooth the spectral envelope of speech, which makes the speech sound muffled. One means to compensate for the over-smoothing is to enhance the formants of the spectral model. This paper compares the performance of different formant enhancement methods, and studies the enhancement of the formants prior to HMM training in order to preemptively compensate for the over-smoothing. A new method for enhancing the formants of an all-pole model is also introduced. Experiments indicate that the formant enhancement prior to HMM training improves the quality of synthetic speech by providing sharper formants, and the performance of the new formant enhancement method is similar to the existing method.
Vascular endothelial growth factor C mRNA expression correlates with stage of progression in patients with melanoma. (2003)

These data suggest that high levels of VEGF-C may be important in regional lymphatic disease in melanoma and that VEGF-C and LYVE-1 levels may identify tumors with a high risk for nodal metastases, for which antilymphangiogenic therapy may be more effective.
Antihypertensive Effect and Safety of Dietary .ALPHA.-Linolenic Acid in Subjects with High-Normal Blood Pressure and Mild Hypertension (2007)

We investigated the antihypertensive effect and safety of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in human subjects. In Experiment 1, subjects with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension ingested bread containing 14 g of common blended oil (control oil) or ALA-enriched oil for 12 weeks. The test oil contained 2.6g/14 g of ALA. The subjects ingested strictly controlled meals during the study period. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the ALA group than in the control group after ingestion of the test diet for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the ALA group than in the control group after ingestion of the test diet for 12 weeks. In Experiment 2, we evaluated the safety of high intake of ALA (7.8 g/d), particularly its effects on oxidation in the body and blood coagulation. Normotensive, high-normotensive and mildly hypertensive subjects ate bread that contained 42 g of the control oil or the test oil for 4 weeks. No significant difference was noted in the lipid peroxide level, high-sensitive C-reactive protein level, plasma prothrombin time or activated partial thromboplastin time between the two groups. No abnormal changes were noted after test diet ingestion on blood test or urinalysis, and no adverse event considered to have been induced by the test oil was observed in Experiment 1 and 2. These results suggest that ALA have an antihypertensive effect with no adverse effect in subjects with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension.
Estudios de cuantificación de metales en el proceso fermentativo de un vino y de su complejación con ligandos naturales. (2006)

Se ha realizado la cuantificación de ciertos metales de interés como Zn, Cu, Mn y Fe, mediante la técnica de espectroscopía de emisión atómica de plasma acoplado por inducción (ICP-AES), en muestras de vino a lo largo de su fermentación durante 345 días. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la disminución de las concentraciones de Cu y Fe con el tiempo de fermentación y que las concentraciones de Zn y Mn se mantienen estables en el mismo periodo de tiempo. Así mismo, se han llevado a cabo estudios electroquímicos de complejación con disoluciones tamponadas a pH 4 (similar al valor natural del vino) que contenían un ligando modelo, la catequina, con el fin de verificar la aplicabilidad de la técnica de voltamperometría de redisolución anódica de pulso diferencial al estudio de muestras acondicionadas a ese pH. Estos estudios han permitido establecer que la estequiometría de los complejos catequina:metal formados es 1:1 tanto para el Zn como para el Cu. El comportamiento electroquímico de una muestra de vino diluida y analizada de forma similar a la de estas disoluciones de ligando modelo, permite sugerir que una parte importante de los ligandos naturales presentes en el vino, capaces de complejar al Zn y al Cu, tiene una naturaleza muy similar a la de la catequina.
Learning from Solution Paths: An Approach to the Credit Assignment Problem (1982)

In this article we discuss a method for learning useful conditions on the application of operators during heuristic search. Since learning is not attempted until a complete solution path has been found for a problem, credit for correct moves and blame for incorrect moves is easily assigned. We review four learning systems that have incorporated similar techniques to learn in the domains of algebra, symbolic integration, and puzzle-solving. We conclude that the basic approach of learning from solution paths can be applied to any situation in which problems can be solved by sequential search. Finally, we examine some potential difficulties that may arise in more complex domains, and suggest some possible extensions for dealing with them.
Adenine Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Coated Submicrometer Silica Gel Particles (2010)

Adenine molecularly imprinted material was obtained. Well-defined silica gel particles of submicrometer size were coated with ultrathin polymeric layers, first with a polycationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) layer that acted as a binder for the second outer layer of a photo-cross-linkable thymine-containing polyanion. Adenine template was adsorbed by the complementary thymine chromophores attached to the polymer and its imprints were created by photo-cross-linking of the outer polymer layer. The imprinted particles have shown the ability to recognize adenine and adenosine, an adenine-based nucleoside, whereas no imprinting effect was observed for purine.