gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitation of different cells in the epididymal fat pad of the rat. (1979)

To determine the number of adipocytes and cells developing into adipocytes (preadipocytes) in the epididymal fat pad of normal Sprague-Dawley rats, two methods were developed. Liberation of all cells from the tissue was obtained by a combination of lytic enzymes and mechanical treatment with only a limited loss of cell integrity; with large tissue masses, an initial perfusion was necessary. These cells were cultured in medium 199 supplemented with serum, glucose, insulin, a triglyceride emulsion, and methyl cellulose to form a culture medium with high viscosity in which it has been shown that the cells do no multiply. In this medium some of the cells developed into adipocytes and could be recognized and counted. The results show that there are about twice as many preadipocytes as mature adipocytes in the smallest rats examined (about 50 g). With increasing weight and age the mature adipocytes increased while the number of preadipocytes seemed to be constant up to a weight of about 150 g, after which they continuously diminished and could not be found in rats weighing more than 300 g. Here the number of mature fat cells had reached a constant level. These results are consistent with the formation of new preadipocytes up to a rat weight of about 150 g. In normal rats these cells successively fill up with triglyceride and disappear at a body weight of about 300 g when they have been transformed into mature adipocytes. The results are also consistent with the concept that no new adipocytes are formed spontaneously in the adult Sprague-Dawley rat. It was shown, however, that in media without methyl cellulose, isobutylmethylxanthine probably could induce the formation of new adipocytes in the cells isolated from all rats, including the heaviest (oldest). This finding shows that the potential of cells to develop into adipocytes also seems to exist in the adult rat under certain circumstances.
Selective Ruthenium-Catalyzed Transformations of Enynes with Diazoalkanes into Alkenylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes (2007)

Reaction of a variety of CCH bond-containing 1,6-enynes with N2CHSiMe3 in the presence of RuCl(COD)Cp* as catalyst precursor leads, at room temperature, to the general formation of alkenylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes with high Z-stereoselectivity of the alkenyl group and cis arrangement of the alkenyl group and an initial double-bond substituent, for an E-configuration of this double bond. The stereochemistry is established by determining the X-ray structures of three bicyclic products. The same reaction with 1,6-enynes bearing an R substituent on the C1 carbon of the triple bond results in either cyclopropanation of the double bond with bulky R groups (SiMe3, Ph) or formation of alkylidene-alkenyl five-membered heterocycles, resulting from a beta elimination process, with less bulky R groups (R = Me, CH2CH=CH2). The reaction can be applied to in situ desilylation in methanol and direct formation of vinylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes and to the formation of some alkenylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes from 1,7-enynes. The catalytic formation of alkenylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes also takes place with enynes and N2CHCO2Et or N2CHPh. The reaction can be understood to proceed by an initial [2+2] addition of the Ru=CHSiMe3 bond with the enyne CCH bond, successively leading to an alkenylruthenium-carbene and a key alkenyl bicyclic ruthenacyclobutane, which promotes the cyclopropanation, rather than metathesis, into bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes. Density functional theory calculations performed starting from the model system Ru(HCCH)(CH2=CH2)Cl(C5H5) show that the transformation into a ruthenacyclobutane intermediate occurs with a temporary eta3-coordination of the cyclopentadienyl ligand. This step is followed by coordination of the alkenyl group, which leads to a mixed alkyl-allyl ligand. Because of the non-equivalence of the terminal allylic carbon atoms, their coupling favors cyclopropanation rather than the expected metathesis process. A direct comparison of the energy profiles with respect to those involving the Grubbs catalyst is presented, showing that cyclopropanation is favored with respect to enyne metathesis.
ChemInform Abstract: VINYLIC ORGANOCOPPER COMPOUNDS. 23. ACCESS TO VINYLIC ORGANOCOPPER COMPOUNDS BEARING A SILYL GROUP IN AN ALLYLIC POSITION (1984)

Abstract Aus den Alkinen ( l) erhält man mit den Trimethylsilyl‐methylkupfer‐Derivaten (II) die Addukte (III), die mit Ammonium‐Ionen zu den Olefinen (IV) zerlegt werden.
Meeting Harmonic Standards (2009)

<P>This chapter contains sections titled: <UL> <LI> <P>Introduction</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Limiting Installed Nonlinear Load Rating</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Summary of Installed Rating Limits for Three-Phase Bridge Rectifiers</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Equipment Filtering Methods</P> </LI> <LI> <P>System Filtering Methods</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Phase Staggering</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Measurement of System Voltage Distortion and Harmonic Currents</P> </LI> </UL> </P>
Comparison of optical PMD compensation using a variable and fixed differential group delays (2001)

Polarization mode dispersion compensation with dynamic tracking is investigated by modeling. An optical compensator using a variable differential group delay can alleviate the local minimum problem and provide superior performance compared to a fixed-delay compensator.
A one-dimensional discrete Hilbert transform for interferometric phases (2005)

The phase-demodulation scheme by using a discrete Hilbert transform that can change the interferometric phase by &pi;/2 has been investigated. In-quadrature components of a fringe pattern are obtained from one captured interferogram by using a one-dimensional (1-D) discrete Hilbert transform and a 1-D discrete high-pass filtering that are based on a digital signal processing technique. The 1-D discrete Hilbert transform can be extended to two-dimensional calculation with a raster scanning procedure.
Integrated Qualitativeness in Design by Multi-Objective Optimization and Interactive Evolutionary Computation (2005)

The concept of qualitativeness in design is an important one, and needs to be incorporated in the optimization process for a number of reasons outlined in this paper. interactive evolutionary computation and fuzzy systems are two of the widely used approaches for handling quanlitativeness in design optimization. This paper classifies the types of quantitativeness observed in design optimization, makes the case for their necessity, and proposes a novel framework for handling them, combining the two approaches in an evolutionary multi-objective optimization platform. Two components of the framework are tested using the floor-planning problem, and observations are reported. Future work is defined on the development of the framework.
Proton‐Detected Solid‐State NMR of the Cell‐Free Synthesized α‐Helical Transmembrane Protein NS4B from Hepatitis C Virus (2019)

Proton-detected 100 kHz magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR is an emerging analysis method for proteins with only hundreds of microgram quantities, and thus allows structural investigation of eukaryotic membrane proteins. This is the case for the cell-free synthesized hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural membrane protein 4B (NS4B). We demonstrate NS4B sample optimization using fast reconstitution schemes that enable lipid-environment screening directly by NMR. 2D spectra and relaxation properties guide the choice of the best sample preparation to record 2D <sup>1</sup> H-detected <sup>1</sup> H,<sup>15</sup> N and 3D <sup>1</sup> H,<sup>13</sup> C,<sup>15</sup> N correlation experiments with linewidths and sensitivity suitable to initiate sequential assignments. Amino-acid-selectively labeled NS4B can be readily obtained using cell-free synthesis, opening the door to combinatorial labeling approaches which should enable structural studies.
Indoor MIMO Visible Light Communications: Novel Angle Diversity Receivers for Mobile Users (2015)

This paper proposes two novel and practical designs of angle diversity receivers to achieve multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) capacity for indoor visible light communications (VLC). Both designs are easy to construct and suitable for small mobile devices. By using light emitting diodes for both illumination and data transmission, our receiver designs consist of multiple photodetectors (PDs), which are oriented with different inclination angles to achieve high-rank MIMO channels and can be closely packed without the requirement of spatial separation. Due to the orientations of the PDs, the proposed receiver designs are named pyramid receiver (PR) and hemispheric receiver (HR). In a PR, the normal vectors of PDs are chosen the same as the normal vectors of the triangle faces of a pyramid with equilateral N-gon base. On the other hand, the idea behind HR is to evenly distribute the PDs on a hemisphere. Through analytical investigation, simulations and experiments, the channel capacity and bit-error-rate (BER) performance under various settings are presented to show that our receiver designs are practical and promising for enabling VLC-MIMO. In comparison to induced link-blocked receiver, our designs do not require any hardware adjustment at the receiver from location to location so that they can support user mobility. Besides, their channel capacities and BER performance are quite close to that of link-blocked receiver. Meanwhile, they substantially outperform spatially-separated receiver. This study reveals that using angle diversity to build VLC-MIMO system is very promising.
Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion (2002)

Thrombi that form in the left atrial appendage (LAA) frequently cause stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Warfarin therapy reduces this risk substantially, but many patients have definite or relative contraindications to chronic anticoagulation. Under investigation is a percutaneous LAA occlusion device …
A new algorithm for reducing the requantization loss in video transcoding (2006)

Video transcoders are devices that convert one video bitstream into another type of bitstream, either with or without standard format conversion. One step to be applied in video transcoders is the requantization of the transform coefficients, if an adaptation to a lower data rate is necessary. During this step, the quality is in most cases degraded compared to a single quantization. This is a consequence of nonoverlapping quantization characteristics of the input and the output quantizer. In this work we propose a new choice of the reconstruction level for the requantization step depending on the effective quantization curve of both quantization parameters involved. The reconstruction level is calculated such that it is centered in each effective quantization interval after requantization. Compared to the standard midpoint requantization this leads to quality gains of 3 dB PSNR for most pairs of input and output quantization parameters (QP). The algorithm is useful for intra- and inter-frame coding. 1.
Influence of strain and quantum confinement on the optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs V-groove quantum wires (2000)

We report on the impact of quantum confinement and strain effects on the optical properties of state-of-the-art, densely stacked, In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs V-groove quantum wires. High uniformity and efficient carrier capture lead to narrow (6 meV) and intense emission from the wires. Large optical polarization anisotropy is obtained thanks to the combined effects of lateral quantum confinement and triaxial strain. Band filling in the fundamental subband occurs at a modest carrier density (∼9×105 cm−1), and is accompanied by a small spectral blueshift of the emission. Several sharp excitonic resonances associated with two dimensionally confined subbands of dominant heavy-hole character are observed in photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, together with a remarkably small Stokes shift (3 meV). The subband separations (∼24 meV) are nearly independent of the wire thickness, as the nonuniform Indium composition across the structure is found to dominate the lateral confinement for thick wires. Such strained quantum wires are promising for the realization of advanced nanostructure devices.
Deep Convolutional Poses for Human Interaction Recognition in Monocular Videos (2016)

Human interaction recognition is a challenging problem in computer vision and has been researched over the years due to its important applications. With the development of deep models for the human pose estimation problem, this work aims to verify the effectiveness of using the human pose in order to recognize the human interaction in monocular videos. This paper developed a method based on 5 steps: detect each person in the scene, track them, retrieve the human pose, extract features based on the pose and finally recognize the interaction using a classifier. The Two-Person interaction dataset was used for the development of this methodology. Using a whole sequence evaluation approach it achieved 87.56% of average accuracy of all interaction. Yun, et at achieved 91.10% using the same dataset, however their methodology used the depth sensor to recognize the interaction. The methodology developed in this paper shows that an RGB camera can be as effective as depth cameras to recognize the interaction between two persons using the recent development of deep models to estimate the human pose.
Interpretation and Modeling of Time-Lapse Seismic Data: Lena Field, Gulf of Mexico (1999)

Abstract Two 3D seismic data sets from the Lena Field, Gulf of Mexico are analyzed for time-lapse effects. The seismic analysis involves cross equalization and residual migration of the post-stack seismic data, as well as full reprocessing and attribute analyses. The time-lapse differences for the B80 reservoir are compared with production data, geologic models, flow simulations, and forward seismic models. The time-lapse seismic difference anomaly is interpreted to be a region of gas invasion. Areas bypassed by the injected gas are identified from 4D seismic data as opportunities for infill drilling. Successful interpretation of this time-lapse seismic data illustrates the importance of integrating the results of modeling and simulation with seismic processing and interpretation.
Method for solid state crystal growth (2013)

A novel method for high quality crystal growth of intermetallic clathrates is presented. The synthesis of high quality pure phase crystals has been complicated by the simultaneous formation of both clathrate type-I and clathrate type-II structures. It was found that selective, phase pure, single-crystal growth of type-I and type-II clathrates can be achieved by maintaining sufficient partial pressure of a chemical constituent during slow, controlled deprivation of the chemical constituent from the primary reactant. The chemical constituent is slowly removed from the primary reactant by the reaction of the chemical constituent vapor with a secondary reactant, spatially separated from the primary reactant, in a closed volume under uniaxial pressure and heat to form the single phase pure crystals.
Xylitol production from high xylose concentration: evaluation of the fermentation in bioreactor under different stirring rates (2003)

For the microbial production of xylitol to be economically viable, the initial concentration of xylose in the lignocellulosic hydrolysate should be as high as possible, as with high substrate concentrations it is possible to increase the final product concentration. Nevertheless, there are few reports on the use of high xylose concentrations. Considering a process in bioreactor, from rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate, this is an innovator work.
A phase 2 trial of inhaled nitrous oxide for treatment-resistant major depression (2021)

Nitrous oxide at 50% inhaled concentration has been shown to improve depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant major depression (TRMD). Whether a lower concentration of 25% nitrous oxide provides similar efficacy and persistence of antidepressant effects while reducing the risk of adverse side effects is unknown. In this phase 2 clinical trial (NCT03283670), 24 patients with severe TRMD were randomly assigned in a crossover fashion to three treatments consisting of a single 1-hour inhalation with (i) 50% nitrous oxide, (ii) 25% nitrous oxide, or (iii) placebo (air/oxygen). The primary outcome was the change on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21). Whereas nitrous oxide significantly improved depressive symptoms versus placebo (<i>P</i> = 0.01), there was no difference between 25 and 50% nitrous oxide (<i>P</i> = 0.58). The estimated differences between 25% and placebo were -0.75 points on the HDRS-21 at 2 hours (<i>P</i> = 0.73), -1.41 points at 24 hours (<i>P</i> = 0.52), -4.35 points at week 1 (<i>P</i> = 0.05), and -5.19 points at week 2 (<i>P</i> = 0.02), and the estimated differences between 50% and placebo were -0.87 points at 2 hours (<i>P</i> = 0.69), -1.93 points at 24 hours (<i>P</i> = 0.37), -2.44 points at week 1 (<i>P</i> = 0.25), and -7.00 points at week 2 (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Adverse events declined substantially with dose (<i>P</i> < 0.001). These results suggest that 25% nitrous oxide has comparable efficacy to 50% nitrous oxide in improving TRMD but with a markedly lower rate of adverse effects.
Ten years of experience with various penile prosthesis in Korean (1994)

Currently there are more than 10 types of penile prosthesis available, ranging from the very simple to the very sophisticated. We review our experiences with various penile prosthesis, with particular regard to the complication rate. From Dec. 1983 to Jul. 1993, we implanted 295 penile prosthesis of eight different types. The average age of patients was 44 years. Every patient was evaluated with various multidisplinary diagnostic approaches. The etiologies of impotence were vasculogenic 29%, diabetogenic 22%, spinal cord injury 16%, pelvic bone injury 11%, etc. The types of implanted prosthesis were AMS malleable 143, Jonas 42, Dynaflex 36, Hydroflex 8, Uni-Flate 1000 2, AMS 700 CXM 58, Ultrex 3, Mentor alpha-1 3 and the mean follow-up period was 34 months. The diameters of implanted prosthesis were from 9.5 mm to 13 mm, mostly 9.5 mm (52.9%). The length of implanted prosthesis were from 10 cm to 20 cm, mostly 16 approximately 18 cm (68.8%). Cases with uneven diameters or lengths were 20 (6.8%). The int aoperative complications were 1 corporeal rupture and 1 bladder rupture, and the postoperative complications were 2 prosthesis infections, 2 mechanical failures, and 1 prosthesis infection with mechanical failure. In those 4 patients reimplantations were successful. More than 99% (290/291) patients still have functioning prosthesis. Every prosthesis has their advantages and disadvantages. Factors to be analysed in the selection of proper prosthesis should include patients economic status, education, personality, social activity, hand dexterity, and penile size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Correction: An oncogene addiction phosphorylation signature and its derived scores inform tumor responsiveness to targeted therapies (2023)

ISSN:1420-682X
Inter-channel Stimulated Raman Scattering and its Impact in Wideband Transmission Systems (2018)

The impact of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) in wideband optical transmission systems is studied. ISRS cross-talk due to channel modulation was found to be negligible and a good agreement was found with theoretical results.
Glutamine decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation in infant rats (2004)

Using a gastrostomy-fed (GF) rat infant "pup-in-a-cup" model, the effects of protein deprivation and supplemental glutamine (Gln) and glutamate (Glu) were examined to test the hypothesis that Gln decreases the proinflammatory response induced by LPS in the developing infant rat small intestine. Four groups of 6- to 7-day-old pups were fed a rat milk substitute (RMS), one providing 100% and three providing 25% of normal protein intake for another 6 days. Two of the 25% protein-fed groups received supplemental Gln or Glu. GF and LPS treatment blunted body growth and intestinal villus height and increased intestinal cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) mRNA in the protein-deprived, non-Gln-treated group compared with mother-fed pups (P < 0.05). Gln blunted intestinal CINC mRNA (P < 0.05), but Glu did not. Intestinal CINC peptide in the LPS-treated pups provided 100 and 25% protein was elevated approximately 13-fold compared with the mother-reared pups (P < 0.001). Gln and Glu decreased intestinal CINC peptide by 73 and 80%, respectively. GF, LPS-treated pups also had a higher level of plasma CINC peptide (P < 0.05). Gln but not Glu decreased plasma CINC peptide (P < 0.05). An approximate sixfold elevation of intestinal MPO activity in the GF, LPS-treated rats was decreased by Gln and Glu by 92% (P < 0.001) and 54% (P < 0.05), respectively. Intestinal and plasma TNF-alpha were increased in GF, LPS-treated pups (P < 0.01), and Gln and Glu both blunted this increase (P < 0.05) in the intestine but not in the plasma. The results indicate that Gln decreases the LPS-induced inflammatory response in infant rat intestine under different conditions of protein intake.
Inflammasomes in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis (2013)

A better understanding of the relationship between inflammasome signaling and the intestinal microbiota might provide insight into the complex interaction of the innate immune system with the intestinal environment, and identify new approaches for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal cancer.
Learning and Tracking Cyclic Human Motion (2000)

We present methods for learning and tracking human motion in video. We estimate a statistical model of typical activities from a large set of 3D periodic human motion data by segmenting these data automatically into &amp;quot;cycles&amp;quot;. Then the mean and the principal components of the cycles are computed using a new algorithm that accounts for missing information and enforces smooth transitions between cycles. The learned temporal model provides a prior probability distribution over human motions that can be used in a Bayesian framework for tracking human subjects in complex monocular video sequences and recovering their 3D motion.
Solutions of Metal Surface Effect for HF RFID Systems (2007)

Metal plate effect in HF RFID systems is investigated. HFSS9.0 is used to simulate and analyze characters of magnetic field near metal plate in middle range RFID system. As two solutions of metal plate effect, tags with ferrite absorber and dimensional tags are discussed base on simulation results. A prototype of omnidirectional tag is proposed. Simulation results can be used as a guidance and reference for new tag design.
A "scorpion fish" (Trachinus viper a) sting: fishermen's hazard (2016)

Scorpion is a nickname given by fisher men to members of the Trachinidae family as a result of their unusual stinging mechanism. These fish are found throughout the eastern Atlantic region from the North Sea through the Mediterranean and Black Seas and along the western coast of Northern and Central Africa. They are characterised by poisonous glands located at the base and sides of the spines of their anterior back fin and at the base of a spine located on the gill cover (fig 1). Because of the unusual location of the glands, fishermen handling these fish frequently suffer local injuries. A case of necrosis of the tip of the middle finger after a scorpion sting is described.
Censoring rules 3 from Eganelisib, a First-in-Class PI3Kγ Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results of the Phase 1/1b MARIO-1 Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Study IPI-549-01 progression-free survival censoring rules for efficacy analyses&lt;/p&gt;