gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 6-Channel blood pressure measuring system (BPMS) for rats. (1983)

A rapid automatic 6-channel BPMS was developed using a highly sensitive photoelectric sensor (GL514, SB-500A) and a data analyzing system using a microcomputer. In this method, tail cuff with pulse sensor are attached to rat tails. The pulse signal and cuff pressure are amplified and sent to the microcomputer via an A/D converter. After each cycle of measurement, the first pulse signal due to the return of blood reflow in the tail artery is recognized with the BP determination program, which records the corresponding cuff pressure and heart rate on the printer. Pulse signals, cuff pressure and the determined systolic BP are recorded by the thermal pen recorder via the D/A converter, and the reliability of the determination can be checked after the experiment. To check this new system, we compared tail BP (X) obtained using it with directly measured carotid BP (Y) in rats at 28-29°C. Following correlation was obtained: Y = 0.95X + 19.9 mmHg (r = 0.988, SHR, 28°C). We are also able to confirm the usefulness of this system when it was applied to measurements of the antihypertensive effects of trichlormethiazide in DOC/saline hypertensive rats and those of hydralazine and nifedipine in SHR. Troublesome prewarming procedures, which may also affect rat blood pressure and related cardiovascular parameters in rats, are unnecessary with this new method.
High Offset Stems are Protective of Dislocation in High Risk Total Hip Arthroplasty (2020)

Background: Spinal stiffness has been shown to increase risk of dislocation due to impingement and instability. Increasing anteversion of the acetabular component has been suggested to prevent dislocation, but little has been discussed in terms of femoral or global offset restoration. The purpose of this study is to quantify dislocation rates after primary THA using standard versus high offset femoral components and to determine how differences in offset affect impingement-free range of motion in a stiff spine cohort using a novel impingement model. Methods: 12,365 patients undergoing THA from 2016-2018 were retrospectively reviewed to determine dislocation rates and utilization of standard versus high offset stems. For 50 consecutive patients with spinal stiffness, a CT-based computer software impingement modeling system assessed bony or prosthetic impingement during simulated range of motion. The model was run 5 times for each patient with varying offsets. Range of motion was simulated in each scenario to determine the degree at which impingement occurred. Results: There were 51 dislocations for a 0.41% dislocation rate. Total utilization of high offset stems in the entire cohort was 49%. Of those patients who sustained a dislocation, 49 (96%) utilized a standard offset stem. The impingement modeling demonstrated 5 degrees of added range of motion until impingement for every 1mm offset increase. Conclusion: In the impingement model, high offset stems facilitated greater ROM before bony impingement and resulted in lower dislocation rates. In the setting of high-risk THA due to spinal stiffness, surgeons should consider the use of high-offset stems and pay attention to offset restoration.
Attenuated pulsatile transition to the cerebral vasculature during high‐intensity interval exercise in young healthy men (2023)

High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is recommended because it provides favourable haemodynamic stimulation, but excessive haemodynamic fluctuations may be an adverse impact on the brain. We tested whether the cerebral vasculature is protected against systemic blood flow fluctuation during HIIE. Fourteen healthy men (age 24 ± 2 years) underwent four 4-min exercises at 80-90% of maximal workload (W<sub>max</sub> ) interspaced by 3-min active rest at 50-60% W<sub>max</sub> . Transcranial Doppler measured middle cerebral artery blood velocity (CBV). Systemic haemodynamics (Modelflow) and aortic pressure (AoP, general transfer function) were estimated from an invasively recorded brachial arterial pressure waveform. Using transfer function analysis, gain and phase between AoP and CBV (0.39-10.0 Hz) were calculated. Stroke volume, aortic pulse pressure and pulsatile CBV increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001 for all), but a time-domain index of aortic-cerebral pulsatile transition (pulsatile CBV/pulsatile AoP) decreased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001). Furthermore, transfer function gain reduced, and phase increased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001 for both), suggesting the attenuation and delay of pulsatile transition. The cerebral vascular conductance index (mean CBV/mean arterial pressure; time effect: P = 0.296), an inverse index of cerebral vascular tone, did not change even though systemic vascular conductance increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001). The arterial system to the cerebral vasculature may attenuate pulsatile transition during HIIE as a defence mechanism against pulsatile fluctuation for the cerebral vasculature.
Synthesis of a Conjugated Donor/Acceptor/Passivator (DAP) Polymer (1999)

A conjugated polymer is described here that possesses main-chain donor/acceptor repeat units separated by aryl passivating units. This donor/acceptor/passivator (DAP) polymer was constructed of sequential electron-rich N,N‘-dimethyl-3,4-diaminothiophene, electron-deficient 3,4-dinitrothiophene, and passivating phenylene repeat units via Stille coupling reactions. Several new transformations were conducted on thiophene cores in order to construct the monomer units: tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) amine protections, selective monostannylations, selective monodebrominations, lithium tetramethylpiperidide (LTMP) induced lithiation on nitrothiophenes, and selective stannylations using Bu3SnSnBu3/Pd on phenylene iodides over thienyl bromides. The Stille polymerization afforded the Boc-protected DAP polymer that was characterized at this stage. ZnCl2-catalyzed Boc removal afforded the desired DAP polymer; however, its insolubility curtailed detailed investigations of the properties.
Impurity absorption in ZnSe/InP/ZnS core/shell/shell spherical quantum dots (2014)

Impurity states in ZnSe/InP/ZnS core/shell/shell spherical quantum dot where electrons are localized in the InP shell are considered using variational method. It is assumed that the hydrogenlike impurity is located in the center of quantum dot core (ZnSe). The impurity ground state wave function and energy, as well as electron binding energy are obtained. Interband direct transitions from the ground valence state into the ground donor state are considered. Dependences of absorption edge on the inner and outer radii of the quantum layer are derived.
Efficient In Vivo Xenogeneic Retroviral Vector-Mediated Gene Transduction into Human Hepatocytes (2005)

We developed a method for efficient retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer into human hepatocytes, using a human hepatocyte-bearing mouse model. Normal human hepatocytes were transplanted into the livers of immunodeficient and liver-damaged mice. Donor hepatocytes multiplied and replaced the host hepatocytes, which yielded human hepatocyte-bearing mice (human hepatocyte-chimeric mice). As control cells, rat hepatocytes were similarly transplanted. The replacement level reached 86% at 8 weeks and 100% at 5 weeks posttransplantation of human and rat hepatocytes, respectively. Human and rat hepatocytes in the host liver showed a high bromodeoxyuridine-labeling index during the first 2 weeks posttransplantation. Human- and rat-chimeric mice were injected 7 and 10 days posttransplantation, respectively, with retroviral vectors carrying the beta-galactosidase gene and were thereafter injected daily for 20 and 10 days, respectively. The level of beta-galactosidase-positive hepatocytes in the human- and rat-chimeric mice reached 7.1 +/- 1.8% at 8 weeks and 5.3 +/- 0.9% at 5 weeks after transplantation, respectively. The human hepatocyte-chimeric mouse will be useful for testing the ability of vectors to transduce human cells.
Analysis of receiver algorithms for lte LTE SC-FDMA based uplink MIMO systems (2010)

This letter derives mathematical expressions for the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of uplink Single Carrier (SC) Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) multiuser MIMO systems. An improved frequency domain receiver algorithm is derived for the studied systems, and is shown to be significantly superior to the conventional linear MMSE based receiver in terms of SINR and bit error rate (BER) performance.
Adult Degenerative Scoliosis Treated by XLIF: Clinical Results of a 24-month Multi-center Prospective Study (2011)

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Medical interpreters support communication between medical professionals and foreign patients. However, the communication skills required of medical interpreters in the field are currently unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate what medical professionals and medical interpreters consider to be most important communication skills of medical interpreters, and whether there are differences in perceptions between medical professionals and medical interpreters. <b>Methods</b>: From December 2023 to February 2024, we interviewed 10 medical professionals and medical interpreters (five medical professionals and five medical interpreters) working throughout Japan and in the United States. The narratives collected in the interviews were analyzed and evaluated in a conceptual framework. <b>Results</b>: Healthcare professionals and medical interpreters exhibited differences in perceptions regarding the most important communication skills for medical interpreters. The narratives of medical professionals and medical interpreters regarding medical interpreters' communication skills were divided into a 2 × 2 grid consisting of four quadrants with two axes (intervention and perspective). Regarding the communication skills of medical interpreters, medical professionals were primarily concerned with the transmission of medical information and felt that it was necessary for interpreters to understand medical professionals' perspectives and what they wanted to say in order to convey it accurately. In contrast, medical interpreters emphasized the importance of empathy and communication skills for respecting the other person and understanding the other person's opinion and perspective. Additionally, to understand the patient's perspective, medical interpreters reported that it was important to understand the cultural background of the patient and to maintain good relationships with all of the people around the patient. <b>Conclusions</b>: We explored the communication skills of medical interpreters and the characteristics of the perceptions and narratives of medical professionals and medical interpreters. Concepts regarding the communication skills of medical interpreters were divided into two axes (intervention and perspective) and presented as a 2 × 2 grid with four quadrants. The results of our study suggested that medical interpreters should actively intervene in interpretation situations involving foreign patients.
European and Russian physician awareness of best management approaches for infections due to antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (2017)

The survey further identified the need for treatment guidelines and clinical decision support tools that can be applied at the bedside.
The Illinois GRACE Project: Global Resource Adaptation through CoopEration (2002)

Mobile systems primarily processing multimedia data are expected to become a dominant computing platform for a variety of application domains. The design of such systems imposes several new challenges, as it must consider demanding, dynamic, and multidimensional resource requirements and constraints, with energy becoming a first-class resource. At the same time, the ability of multimedia applications to trade off output quality for system resources and the difference between their peak and average demands offers a huge opportunity for optimization.
STAMP, Patricia. La technologie, le rôle des sexes et le pouvoir en Afrique. Ottawa, Centre de recherches pour le développement international, 1990, 224 p. (1992)

STAMP, Patricia. La technologie, le rôle des sexes et le pouvoir en Afrique. Ottawa, Centre de recherches pour le développement international, 1990, 224 p.. Un article de la revue Études internationales (L’effacement de la confrontation est-ouest et la remise en cause des alliances) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
Unsupervised learning based performance analysis of n-support vector regression for speed prediction of a large road network (2012)

Many intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications require accurate prediction of traffic parameters. Previous studies have shown that data driven machine learning methods like support vector regression (SVR) can effectively and accurately perform this task. However, these studies focus on highways, or a few road segments. We propose a robust and scalable method using v-SVR to tackle the problem of speed prediction of a large heterogeneous road network. The traditional performance measures such as mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) provide little insight into spatial and temporal characteristics of prediction methods for a large network. This inadequacy can be a serious hurdle in effective implementation of prediction models for route guidance, congestion avoidance, dynamic traffic assignment and other ITS applications. We propose unsupervised learning techniques by employing k-means clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), and self organizing maps (SOM) to overcome this insufficiency. We establish the effectiveness of the developed methods by evaluation of spatial and temporal characteristics of prediction performance of the proposed variable window v-SVR method.
A Simplified Framework for String Stability Analysis of Automated Vehicles∗ (1998)

SUMMARY SUMMARY Automated vehicles traveling in platoons must exhibit stability both individually and as a group, a property referred to as "string stability". We propose a new framework for evaluating the longitudinal string stability properties of platoons of automated vehicles. In this framework, the platoon is considered to be a mass-spring-damper system with linear characteristics. The resulting closed-loop representation yields transfer functions and impulse responses that can be analyzed to determine the string stability properties of the platoon. This framework facilitates qualitative comparisons of the effects of various controller characteristics, such as time headway and intervehicle communication, on string stability.
[An experimental study of the pharmacokinetics of a new pediatric drug form--Paravit tablets]. (1997)

A comparative study of Paravit and paracetamol pharmacokinetics is carried out on impuberal rabbits. It has been shown that ascortic acid present in Paravit enhances the bioavailability of paracetamol. The relative bioequivalence of Paravit is found to be 136.7%.
Structural order of extruded calcium metaphosphate glasses (2000)

The structure of extruded Ca(PO 3 ) 2 glass was characterised by measuring optical birefringence, thermal expansion and two dimensional rotorsynchronised nuclear magnetic resonance spectra using magic angle sample spinning (2D MAS NMR). The results give evidence not only of a macroscopic structural anisotropy but also of a local molecular alignment in the extruded Ca(PO 3 ) 2 glass. The degree of anisotropy decreases during post extrusion thermal treatment due to structural relaxation.
Ultra-wideband Aiding of GPS for Quick Deployment of Anchors in a GPS-denied Ad-hoc Sensor Tracking and Communication System (2011)

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), even when used outdoors, have limitations in localization accuracy due to multipath reflections from nearby buildings, trees, and other obstructions. The result is localization performance is significantly degraded or inconsistent, requiring expensive and/or time consuming techniques to minimize these effects.
A Robust Pulse Onset and Peak Detection Method for Automated PPG Signal Analysis System (2018)

Accurate determination of pulse onset and peak is important in many photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal analysis applications. This paper presents a new automatic robust pulse onset and peak detection method which consists of the stationary wavelet transform; the multiscale sum and product; the adaptive amplitude thresholding; the smooth Shannon entropy envelope extraction; the Gaussian derivative filter-based peak finding; and the peak and onset determination and correction. The proposed method achieves an average sensitivity (Se) of 99.66%, positive predictivity (Pp) of 99.90%, and overall accuracy (OA) of 99.55% on a total number of 1 16 255 beats taken from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital polysomnographic sleep and complex system laboratory databases and finger pulse database. We further studied the robustness of three peak detection methods such as bandpass filter and Hilbert transform (BPF + HT) [12], pulse waveform delineator (PUD) [20], and the proposed method using the noisy PPG signals with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranging from 30 to 10 dB. The method achieved an average Se of 99.51%, Pp of 99.92%, and OA of 99.43% for the PPG signals with SNR of 10 dB whereas the BPF + HT and PUD methods achieved an average Se = 99.66%, Pp = 87.71%, and OA = 87.45%, and Se = 68.04%, Pp = 70.38%, and OA = 52.89%, respectively. The proposed method significantly outperforms the other methods in terms of detection accuracy and robustness under noise-free and noisy PPG recordings. Unlike the existing methods, the proposed method does not use search-back algorithms to reject or include the noise peaks or missed peaks.
Prediction of Hospital Infections and Selection of Antibiotics Using an Automated Hospital Database (1990)

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and the selection of empiric antibiotics continue to create problems for physicians. We developed computerized methods to identify patients at high risk of acquiring HAIs. Data from 3,151 patients with HAIs were compared with 3,152 control patients. Logistic regression was used to create a model to predict HAIs. Computer programs now monitor hospitalized patients every day and infection control personnel are notified of high risk patients before the onset of infections. During a six month study, between 60 and 70 percent of patients with HAIs were identified before infection onset. We used similar methods to identify patient factors that can be used to predict the pathogens and to help select empiric antibiotics for individual patients. A computerized antibiotic assistant program was developed to be used by physicians both inside and outside the hospital. The computer program utilizes five years of microbiology data (over 13,500 cultures) and a knowledge base containing empiric logic from infectious disease experts to help physicians select antibiotics. The computer predicted a susceptible antibiotic in 238 of 250 (95%) patients with infections.
Possible depth-resolved reconstruction of shear moduli in the cornea following collagen crosslinking (CXL) with optical coherence tomography and elastography (2023)

Collagen crosslinking of the cornea (CXL) is commonly employed to prevent or treat keratoconus. Although the change of corneal stiffness induced by CXL surgery can be monitored with non-contact dynamic Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) by tracking mechanical wave propagation, the depth dependence of this change is still unclear if the cornea is not crosslinked through the whole depth. Here we propose to combine phase-decorrelation measurement applied to OCT structural images and acoustic micro-tapping (A$μ$T) OCE to explore possible depth reconstruction of stiffness within crosslinked corneas in an ex vivo human cornea sample. The analysis of experimental OCT images is used to define the penetration depth of CXL into the cornea, which varies from $\sim$100$μm$ in the periphery to $\sim$150$μm$ in the central area and exhibits a sharp transition between areas. This information was used in a two-layer analytical model to quantify the stiffness of the treated layer. We also discuss how the elastic moduli of partially CXL-treated cornea layers reconstructed from OCE measurements reflect the effective mechanical stiffness of the entire cornea to properly quantify surgical outcome.
Dysregulation of astrocytic Ca2+ signaling and gliotransmitter release in mouse models of α-synucleinopathies (2023)

α-Synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neurites (LN) appearing in the postmortem brain of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other α-synucleinopathies. While most studies of α-synucleinopathies have focused on neuronal and synaptic alterations as well as dysfunctions of the astrocytic homeostatic roles, whether the bidirectional astrocyte-neuronal communication is affected in these diseases remains unknown. We have investigated whether the astrocyte Ca<sup>2+</sup> excitability and the glutamatergic gliotransmission underlying astrocyte-neuronal signaling are altered in several transgenic mouse models related to α-synucleinopathies, i.e., mice expressing high and low levels of the human A53T mutant α-synuclein (G2-3 and H5 mice, respectively) globally or selectively in neurons (iSyn mice), mice expressing human wildtype α-synuclein (I2-2 mice), and mice expressing A30P mutant α-synuclein (O2 mice). Combining astrocytic Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging and neuronal electrophysiological recordings in hippocampal slices of these mice, we have found that compared to non-transgenic mice, astrocytes in G2-3 mice at different ages (1-6 months) displayed a Ca<sup>2+</sup> hyperexcitability that was independent of neurotransmitter receptor activation, suggesting that the expression of α-synuclein mutant A53T altered the intrinsic properties of astrocytes. Similar dysregulation of the astrocyte Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal was present in H5 mice, but not in I2-2 and O2 mice, indicating α-synuclein mutant-specific effects. Moreover, astrocyte Ca<sup>2+</sup> hyperexcitability was absent in mice expressing the α-synuclein mutant A53T selectively in neurons, indicating that the effects on astrocytes were cell-autonomous. Consistent with these effects, glutamatergic gliotransmission was enhanced in G2-3 and H5 mice, but was unaffected in I2-2, O2 and iSyn mice. These results indicate a cell-autonomous effect of pathogenic A53T expression in astrocytes that may contribute to the altered neuronal and synaptic function observed in α-synucleinopathies.
Inhibition of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1β by Hispidin Derivatives Isolated from the Fruiting Body of Phellinus linteus (2010)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1beta (PTP1beta) acts as a negative regulator of insulin signaling. Selective inhibition of PTP1beta has served as a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of Phellinus linteus against PTP1beta as part of our ongoing search for natural therapeutic and preventive agents for diabetes mellitus. Fractions of the P. linteus extract were found to exhibit significant inhibitory activities against PTP1beta. In an attempt to identify bioactive components, we isolated, from the most active ethyl acetate fraction, five hispidin derivatives (phelligridimer A, davallialactone, hypholomine B, interfungins A, and inoscavin A) and four phenolic compounds (protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, and ellagic acid). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated from spectroscopic evidence and by comparison with published data. All the compounds strongly inhibited PTP1beta activity in an in vitro assay; their IC50 values ranged from 9.0 +/- 0.01 to 58.2 +/- 0.3 microM. Our results indicated that the hispidin skeleton may be an important moiety for inhibitory activity of the above compounds against PTP1beta. Thus, hispidin derivatives could be a potent new class of natural PTP1beta inhibitors.