gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A review of the effect of occlusive dressings on lamellar bodies in the stratum corneum and relevance to transdermal absorption (2005)

Transdermal drug delivery is becoming a widely used tool in the pharmaceutical industry. Many factors can influence the transdermal flux of medication from a transdermal drug delivery system. The recently described skin physiology of lamellar bodies and skin responses to occlusive dressings provide new insights into transdermal drug delivery. This paper reviews the literature on occlusive dressings and lamellar bodies as it relates to transdermal drug delivery. An understanding of the physiology of lamellar bodies is important to understand and improve transdermal drug delivery.
Dibujos de estudiantes de la Facultad de Veterinaria (2010)

Los participantes en esta exposicion son estudiantes de Veterinaria de la UCM, que han cursado la asignatura de Anatomia y Embriologia, y que han realizado unos dibujos para facilitar su estudio, a modo de apuntes que les puedan ayudar, con intencion de reflejar los detalles morfologicos (osteologia, miologia, neuroanatomia, etc.) de los distintos animales domesticos que se utilizan como modelos de estudio en nuestra facultad.
Si normalmente la Anatomia Artistica es una herramienta tecnica y conceptual del dibujo en los estudiantes de Bellas Artes, un conocimiento basico en la formacion de un artista, aqui el camino que se realiza es el inverso: sin conocimientos previos de la tecnica artistica se intenta reflejar una realidad o un esquema de la misma para fijar unos conocimientos de aspectos morfologicos y estructurales, en distintas especies trabajadas, pero intentando que refleje lo que el estudiante necesita comprender...
Engineered Control Strategies for Improved Catalytic Control of NOx in Lean Burn Applications (1988)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A system combining suitable catalyst technology with a specifically engineered fuelling strategy can lead to improved emission control in lean burn engine applications. The basis of the catalyst design has been to maximise response to rich transients and sustain NOx reduction on reverting to lean conditions. The fuelling control strategy is engineered to optimise the degree and duration of enrichment during accelerations. As an example of the level of NOx control which can be achieved, a concept catalyst has, when used in conjunction with the control strategy, been shown to provide a 29% reduction in NOx emissions over an ECE-15 test, compared with an uncontrolled vehicle. Hydrocarbon conversion is high, impact on fuel economy is minimal and initial throttle response is improved.&lt;/div&gt;
Accelerated capacitor degradation due to nonsinusoidal voltage supply and reliability of insulation systems (2002)

Reliability of capacitors for power factor compensation can be considerably affected by the quality of supply voltage. The presence of harmonic voltages and currents, in fact, can accelerate capacitor degradation to a significant extent, particularly when harmonic magnitudes are amplified by resonance conditions. The purpose of this paper is to infer self-healing capacitor reliability through life testing, modeling and failure rate evaluation. Statistical processing of life-test data shows that magnification of voltage peak due to harmonics is the main factor for ageing acceleration. A probabilistic life model is derived on the basis of this observation. The model enables failure rate, thus reliability, to be estimated for power capacitors. A working example shows how quantities useful for reliability inference in electrical plants, as MTTF, can be derived from the proposed model.
Bench Scale Process for Low Cost CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Using a Phase-Changing Absorbent: Final Scientific/Technical Report (2017)

The objective of this project is to design and build a bench-scale process for a novel phase-changing aminosilicone-based CO2-capture solvent. The project will establish scalability and technical and economic feasibility of using a phase-changing CO2-capture absorbent for post-combustion capture of CO2 from coal-fired power plants. The U.S. Department of Energy’s goal for Transformational Carbon Capture Technologies is the development of technologies available for demonstration by 2025 that can capture 90% of emitted CO2 with at least 95% CO2 purity for less than $40/tonne of CO2 captured. In the first budget period of the project, the bench-scale phase-changing CO2 capture process was designed using data and operating experience generated under a previous project (ARPA-e project DE-AR0000084). Sizing and specification of all major unit operations was completed, including detailed process and instrumentation diagrams. The system was designed to operate over a wide range of operating conditions to allow for exploration of the effect of process variables on CO2 capture performance. In the second budget period of the project, individual bench-scale unit operations were tested to determine the performance of each of each unit. Solids production was demonstrated in dry simulated flue gas across a wide range of absorber operating conditions, with single stage CO2 conversion rates up to 75mol%. Desorber operation was demonstrated in batch mode, resulting in desorption performance consistent with the equilibrium isotherms for GAP-0/CO2 reaction. Important risks associated with gas humidity impact on solids consistency and desorber temperature impact on thermal degradation were explored, and adjustments to the bench-scale process were made to address those effects. Corrosion experiments were conducted to support selection of suitable materials of construction for the major unit operations in the process. The bench scale unit operations were assembled into a continuous system to support steady state system testing. In the third budget period of the project, continuous system testing was conducted, including closed-loop operation of the absorber and desober systems. Slurries of GAP-0/GAP-0 carbamate/water mixtures produced in the absorber were pumped successfully to the desorber unit, and regenerated solvent was returned to the absorber. A techno-economic analysis, EH&S risk assessment, and solvent manufacturability study were completed.
A Framework of Cross-Layer Superposition Coded Multicast for Robust IPTV Services over WiMAX (2008)

A cross-layer design (CLD) framework for robust and efficient video multicasting over IEEE 802.16 (or WiMAX) is introduced. In the framework, multiple description coding on scalable video bitstreams at the source for achieving multi-resolution robustness is jointly designed with superposition coding (i.e., multi-resolution modulation) on multicast signals at the channel to overcome the channel diversity problem in wireless multicast. The resulting cross-layer coded multicast signals enable us to recover some lost bitstreams in high quality layers, which is not possible if multi-resolution modulation is used alone for multicasting as in previous works. Simulation results show that indeed our joint design outperforms the scheme using only superposition coded multicast by achieving better video quality for users under multi-user channel diversity.
Natural Course of Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes (2002)

The clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes is preceded by an asymptomatic latent period characterized by the presence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in the peripheral circulation, reflecting beta-cell damage. This prediabetic period may last for months and years. Several studies observing genetically susceptible subjects from birth have shown that insulin autoantibodies (IAA) are the first or among the first autoantibodies to appear in young children, implying that insulin may be the primary autoantigen in most cases of childhood type 1 diabetes. About 12-16% of siblings of children with type 1 diabetes have been observed to test positive for at least one diabetes-associated autoantibody, whereas the risk of diabetes among siblings has been estimated to be 6-8%. In parallel, close to 4% of Finnish schoolchildren tested positive for at least one diabetes-associated autoantibody; the lifetime risk of type 1 diabetes in the Finnish population has been estimated to be close to 1%. These observations suggest that only 25-50% of those with signs of beta-cell autoimmunity eventually progress to clinical type 1 diabetes. Accordingly there is a considerable proportion of children in whom beta-cell autoimmunity remains subclinical or is aborted. Positivity for only one diabetes-associated autoantibody may actually represent innocent beta-cell autoimmunity, while positivity for two or more autoantibodies seems to mark a point of no return. The autoimmune response is very dynamic in the early phase of prediabetes, with spreading from one antigen to another and from one epitope to another within a given antigen. In addition both isotype spreading and switching can be observed in early prediabetes. This indicates that the early prediabetic process may be a suitable target for immunomodulation aimed at delaying or preventing progression to clinical diabetes.
Doing more with less - An IEEE 1149.7 embedded tutorial : Standard for reduced-pin and enhanced-functionality test access port and boundary-scan architecture (2009)

IEEE Std 1149.7 offers a means to reduce chip pins dedicated to test (and debug) access while enhancing the functionality of the Test Access Port (TAP) as a complementary superset of the original IEEE Std 1149.1 (JTAG). Extended features such as hot-plug immunity, power management, optimization of scan throughput, access to instrumentation, and access to custom technologies provide welcome improvements for debug. Further, the boundary-scan architecture is bolstered to ensure full support for test. This important advancement in test and debug interfaces is well suited for access to multiple cores on SOC or multiple die in SIP or POP.
Characterization of three servo patterns for position error signal generation in hard drives (2004)

Servo writing is an expensive and time-consuming process for formatting hard disk drives. Research efforts are investigating preformatting as a cost effective alternative. However, preformatting and servo writing differ considerably in dimensional accuracy, which affects position error signal (PES) quality and servo tracking. Selecting the best PES generation method for preformatted media is challenging because the dimensional characteristics affects each method differently. This paper discusses three methods for generating PESs -comparing performance and sensitivity to dimensional variations and electronics noise. The paper compares both analog and digital demodulation and focuses on determining which method is best suited for preformatted media.
BRIEF REPORT Measuring Physical Traits of Primates Remotely: The Use of Parallel Lasers (2008)

Physical traits, such as body size, and processes like growth can be used as indices of primate health and can add to our understanding of life history and behavior. Accurately measuring physical traits in the wild can be challenging because capture is difficult, disrupts animals, and may cause injury. To measure physical traits of arboreal primates remotely, we adapted a parallel laser technique that has been used with terrestrial and marine mammals. Two parallel lasers separated by a known distance (4cm) and mounted onto a digital camera are projected onto an animal. When a photograph is taken, the laser projections on the target provide a scale bar. We validated the technique for measuring the physical traits of identifiable red colobus monkeys (Procolobus rufomitratus) in Kibale National Park, Uganda. First, we photographed the tails of monkeys with laser projections and compared these with measurements previously obtained when the animals were captured. Second, we manually measured the distance between two markers placed on tree branches at similar heights to those used by monkeys, and compared them with the measurements obtained through digital photographs of the markers with parallel laser projections. The mean tail length of the monkeys via manual measurements was 63.374.4cm, and via remote measurements was 63.074.1cm. The mean distance between the markers on tree branches via manual measurements was 13.873.59cm, and via remote measurements was 13.973.58cm. The mean error using parallel lasers was 1.7% in both cases. Although the needed precision will depend on the question asked, our results suggest that sufficiently precise measurements of physical traits or substrates of arboreal primates can be obtained remotely using parallel lasers. Am. J. Primatol. 70:1191‐1195, 2008. r 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Cisco Packetized Voice and Data Integration (1999)

From the Publisher:
Cisco Packetized Voice and Data Integration gives you the knowledge and insight to quickly get up to speed on planning, designing, and implementing Cisco-based voice and data networks. Through the use of real-world examples, case studies, and detailed configuration analyses, you will obtain the skills necessary to successfully deploy voice and data networks.
Cladding Degradation Model (2022)

This report begins with an evaluation of cladding degradation mechanisms deemed important to assessing barrier capability. Unlike similar efforts done in the past, this evaluation accounts for the hypothetical conditions associated with direct dual-purpose canister (DPC) disposal, including conditions resulting from a postulated, in-package, steady-state criticality event. A total of 16 cladding degradation mechanisms are examined assuming direct disposal of DPCs in two different hypothetical repositories: a saturated repository in shale and an unsaturated repository in alluvium.
Supplementary Tables 1-3 from Integration of Host-Related Signatures with Cancer Cell–Derived Predictors for the Optimal Management of Anticancer Chemotherapy (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-3 from Integration of Host-Related Signatures with Cancer Cell–Derived Predictors for the Optimal Management of Anticancer Chemotherapy
A trap-and-release integrated microfluidic system for dynamic microarray applications (2007)

Dynamic microarrays hold great promise for advancing research in proteomics, diagnostics and drug discovery. However, this potential has yet to be fully realized due to the lack of reliable multifunctional platforms to transport and immobilize particles, infuse reagents, observe the reaction, and retrieve selected particles. We achieved all these functions in a single integrated device through the combination of hydrodynamic and optical approaches. Hydrodynamic forces allow simultaneous transportation and immobilization of large number of particles, whereas optical-based microbubble technique for bead retrieval gives dexterity in handling individual particles without complicated circuitry. Based on the criterion derived in this paper, the device was designed, and fabricated using standard photolithography and soft lithography methods. We examined the dynamics of bubble formation and dissipation in the device, and parametric studies revealed that higher power settings at short intervals were more efficient than low power settings at longer intervals for bead retrieval. We also demonstrated the capabilities of our device and its potential as a tool for screening methods such as the "one-bead-one-compound" (OBOC) combinatorial library method. Although both approaches, hydrodynamic confinement and optical-based microbubbles, are presented in one device, they can also be separately used for other applications in microchip devices.
Diagnostic assessment of sputum cytology by saccomanno method and epithelial membrane antigen staining by immunoperoxidase method (1995)

In this study a direct comparison was made between the two methods of cytopreparation of sputum, the Saccomanno method and the direct, pick and smear method on 60 cases. The cases which were diagnosed as dysplasias or malignancies were subjected for Epithetial Membrance Antigen staining. On comparing the two methods the adequacy rate of sputum by saccomanno method was 96.66 per cent and where as that of pick smear method was 88.33 per cent. 30 cases were positive for dysplastic and malignant cells on Saccomanno preparation and 24 on direct method. The commonest type of malignancy in our study was squamous cell carcinoma 15 (50%) followed by adenocarcinoma. Out of these 15 cases of squamous cell carcinomas, the direct method could diagnose only 6 cases as squamous cell carcinoma, 6 were diagnosed as dysplasias and 3 were inadequate. One case of squamous metaplasia, one case of dysplasia and 2 cases of adenocarcinoma were negative on direct method, but diagnosed on Saccomanno method of sputum cytology. When subjected to EMA, all cases of dysplasias and malignancies were positive. Thus EMA couid be applied to the sputum smears with dysplasias to rule out the chances of patient going in for malignancy and also for confirmation of malignancy.
Characterization of Atomic-Beam Deposited GeO1-xNx/HfO2 Stacks on Ge (2006)

The electrical properties of GeO1-xNx/HfO2 stack deposited by atomic beam on Ge are reported. The incorporation of N in the GeOx layer is found to be quite beneficial in reducing the gate leakage current, improving the uniformity of the device characteristics and reducing the equivalent oxide thickness of the gate stack down to about 0.8 nm. On the other hand, N incorporation also leads to a large density of fixed positive charges and slow states, which can be reduced by post- deposition anneals in O2 or N2. These gate stacks were successfully integrated into a simple transistor flow with TiN gates. Both n and p-channel transistors show promising electrical characteristics, with Ion/Ioff ratios of about 4 to 5 orders of magnitude. However, the mobility of the n-channel devices is found to be extremely low, which is most likely due to a large density of acceptor-like interface states in the upper-part of the Ge band-gap.
An Analog Integrated Circuit Beamformer for High-Frequency Medical Ultrasound Imaging (2012)

We designed and fabricated a dynamic receive beamformer integrated circuit (IC) in 0.35-μm CMOS technology. This beamformer IC is suitable for integration with an annular array transducer for high-frequency (30-50 MHz) intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. The beamformer IC consists of receive preamplifiers, an analog dynamic delay-and-sum beamformer, and buffers for 8 receive channels. To form an analog dynamic delay line we designed an analog delay cell based on the current-mode first-order all-pass filter topology, as the basic building block. To increase the bandwidth of the delay cell, we explored an enhancement technique on the current mirrors. This technique improved the overall bandwidth of the delay line by a factor of 6. Each delay cell consumes 2.1-mW of power and is capable of generating a tunable time delay between 1.75 ns to 2.5 ns. We successfully integrated the fabricated beamformer IC with an 8-element annular array. Experimental test results demonstrated the desired buffering, preamplification and delaying capabilities of the beamformer.
Semiconductor quantum point contact fabricated by lithography with an atomic force microscope (1997)

We report on the experimental realization of a quantum point contact in a semiconductor heterostructure by lithography with an atomic force microscope (AFM). A thin, homogeneous titanium film on top of the chip surface was patterned by local anodic oxidation, induced by a current applied to an n-doped AFM tip. We demonstrate that self-aligned gate structures in the sub-micron regime can be fabricated with this technique.
Assessment of atrioventricular valve regurgitation using biomechanical cardiac modeling (2017)

International audience
Template-directed synthesis of linear and cyclic butadiyne-linked porphyrin oligomers up to a linear octamer (1995)

Efficient syntheses of a cyclic porphyrin dimer, cyclic trimer, cyclic tetramer, linear dimer, linear tetramer, and linear octamer are described. Starting from a zinc porphyrin monomer, simple oligopyridine ligands are used as templates to control oligomerisation by binding to the linear intermediates formed under Glaser–Hay coupling conditions. The oligomeric products have been characterised using FAB, high-resolution electrospray and MALDITOF mass spectrometry.
Novel Photochemical Crosslinking Polymer Systems with High Sensitivity for Negative Resist Applications (1991)

A process of both photochemical and thermally induced chemical amplification of the effect of primary light irradiation has been realized in the photochemical crosslinking of polyvinylethylal layers containing diphenylbenzylamine and hexabromodimethylsulphone, allowing us to obtain new highly sensitive photoresists.
Photo‐inactivated allergens (1973)

Summary Purified house dust allergen irradiated with UV‐light loses its capacity to elicit immediate type skin and bronchial provocation reactions in the majority of asthmatic patients. However, in some patients both immediate and/or late bronchial reactions were observed to the active house dust and its inactivated counterpart. Immunotherapy with UV‐irradiated house dust allergen, which hyposensitized 66% of forty‐eight asthmatic patients allergic to house dust, was as effective as treatment with aluminium oxide‐adsorbed active house dust, and there were fewer adverse side‐effects.
Scanning near-field optical microscope based on double-resonant fiber probe montage and its operation in liquids (2007)

The operation of the scanning near-field optical microscope based on the double-resonant montage of a fiber probe onto the tuning fork (working frequency of the latter, that is 32 kHz, coincides with the second resonance frequency of the bending oscillations of the free standing part of a fiber beam) in liquid is reported. It is shown that due to the peculiarities of the probe montage (initially large, around 3,000 - 5,500 quality factor of the dithering and long projection of the fiber beam beyond the tuning fork body) and microscope electronics, this SNOM is very fit to work in liquids. Quality factor of the sensor drops down to the values around 300 - 600 when the probe tip is submerged on the depth of 0.2 - 0.3 mm, thus remaining large enough to enable high quality imaging with rather small acting force value laying in the subnanoNewton region. We also discuss the joint liquid recipient construction which connects the liquid cell containing a sample with the large water reservoir via a flexible tube. This reservoir is placed onto separate Z-stage and hence the water level in the cell can be regulated independently from the sample position which facilitates the SNOM operation a lot.