gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid-linked nucleoside triphosphates for enzymatic synthesis of hydrophobic oligonucleotides with enhanced membrane anchoring efficiency (2023)

We designed and synthesized a series of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) bearing various lipid moieties. Fatty acid- and cholesterol-modified dNTPs proved to be substrates for KOD XL DNA polymerase in primer extension reactions. They were also mutually compatible for simultaneous multiple incorporations into the DNA strand. The methodology of enzymatic synthesis opened a pathway to diverse structurally unique lipid-ON probes containing one or more lipid units. We studied interactions of such probes with the plasma membranes of live cells. Employing a rational design, we found a series of lipid-ONs with enhanced membrane anchoring efficiency. The in-membrane stability of multiply modified ONs was superior to that of commonly studied ON analogues, in which a single cholesterol molecule is typically tethered to the thread end. Notably, some of the probes were detected at the cell surface even after 24 h upon removal of the probe solution. Such an effect was general to several studied cell lines.
Detection of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA in Normal Cervical Smears of HCV‐Seropositive Patients (2002)

The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in normal cervical smears (CS) obtained from 22 HCV-seropositive and 50 HCV-seronegative patients was assessed by reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The presence of HCV in serum was established by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot test, and RT-PCR. HCV was detected in 36.4% (n=8) of CS cells recovered from 22 HCV-seropositive patients, but not in CS samples obtained from 50 HCV-seronegative patients. Furthermore, cells from the CS of 2 seropositive/smear-positive patients and 1 seropositive/smear-negative patient were isolated; HCV RNA was detectable in the cervical lymphocytes of the 2 smear-positive patients, but not in epithelial cells or granulocytes. HCV RNA is detectable in the CS of some HCV-seropositive women. The clinical importance of these data requires further study.
The surface structure of silica gel (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe surface structure of silica gelJ. B. Peri and A. L. Hensley Jr.Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1968, 72, 8, 2926–2933Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100854a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100854a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3181Altmetric-Citations204LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Susceptibility of Ce8Pd24Sb. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EAST: An Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detector (2017)

Previous approaches for scene text detection have already achieved promising performances across various benchmarks. However, they usually fall short when dealing with challenging scenarios, even when equipped with deep neural network models, because the overall performance is determined by the interplay of multiple stages and components in the pipelines. In this work, we propose a simple yet powerful pipeline that yields fast and accurate text detection in natural scenes. The pipeline directly predicts words or text lines of arbitrary orientations and quadrilateral shapes in full images, eliminating unnecessary intermediate steps (e.g., candidate aggregation and word partitioning), with a single neural network. The simplicity of our pipeline allows concentrating efforts on designing loss functions and neural network architecture. Experiments on standard datasets including ICDAR 2015, COCO-Text and MSRA-TD500 demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. On the ICDAR 2015 dataset, the proposed algorithm achieves an F-score of 0.7820 at 13.2fps at 720p resolution.
Palladium(ii)-catalyzed intramolecular carboxypalladation–olefin insertion cascade: direct access to indeno[1,2-b]furan-2-ones (2015)

A catalytic, atom-economical, domino 5-endo-dig cyclization-intramolecular olefin insertion sequence was developed under mild conditions. Aryl alkynoic acids bearing a tethered enone partner afforded the indeno[1,2-b]furan-2-ones, the core skeleton present in a number of biologically significant molecules including the natural product solanacol, under ligand-free, palladium-catalyzed reaction conditions in high yields. The competitive β-hydride elimination in the final step leading to the conjugated analogs was avoided by the addition of lithium bromide. A plausible mechanism for this domino sequence is proposed involving intramolecular carboxypalladation and olefin insertion steps.
Supplementary Figure from CHD1 Promotes Sensitivity to Aurora Kinase Inhibitors by Suppressing Interaction of AURKA with Its Coactivator TPX2 (2023)

Supplementary Figure from CHD1 Promotes Sensitivity to Aurora Kinase Inhibitors by Suppressing Interaction of AURKA with Its Coactivator TPX2
Abstract 1347: PAUF stimulates monocytes and induces their differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages (2023)

Abstract Background: One of the main reasons for the failure of cancer treatments is that the biological function of therapeutic target molecules is only studied in cancer cells. Therefore, the dynamic and complex interactions between cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) should be investigated. TME-specific stromal cells include various cells, with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) being one of the major players. TAM are differentiated from monocytes, as immature monocytes recognize molecules derived from infected cells or foreign substances, become activated, and may differentiate into anti-tumoral M1 macrophages or pro-tumoral M2 macrophages (called TAMs). TAMs induce immune evasion of cancer cells in the TME, leading to active proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. The presence of TAMs in the TME is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. PAUF is a protein that is secreted by cancer cells, and it exerts tumor-promoting effects through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Compared to the autocrine actions, the paracrine effects of PAUF on immune cells in the TME are less understood. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate 1) the role of PAUF as a TME modulator, and specifically, a TAM inducer and 2) the potentiality of PAUF antibody as a blocker of TAM transformation. Methods and Results: In a monocyte-PAUF co-culture system, PAUF (tested at two concentrations, 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL) demonstrated strong chemoattractant effects on monocytes (~400% of that caused by PBS), which were blocked by TLR2/4 inhibitors. PAUF also induced differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, which were identified to be TAM, using flow cytometric analysis and ELISA method. Moreover, these PAUF-induced TAM demonstrated T cell suppressing capacities. Finally, in a CFPAC-1 human cancer orthotopic mouse model, a humanized monoclonal PAUF-antibody diminished 60-70% of infiltrated TAM (p&amp;lt;0.01), quantified using an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides direct evidence that PAUF can differentiate monocytes into TAM of immune-suppressing functions, and the PAUF neutralization-induced TAM infiltration blocking suggests potential combination use of PAUF antibody with immunotherapeutics for cancer treatments. Citation Format: Fen Jiang, Yeon Jeong Kim, Yun Yong Park, Tae Heung Kang, Sang Seok Koh. PAUF stimulates monocytes and induces their differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1347.
Economic evaluation of sirolimus-eluting stents (2005)

The use of sirolimus-eluting stents is associated with a cost per QALY that is similar to or higher than that of other accepted medical forms of therapy and is associated with a significant incremental cost. Sirolimus-eluting stents are more economically attractive for patients who are at higher risk of restenosis or at a high risk of death if a second revascularization procedure were to be required.
Specific contact resistance of the porous silicon and silver metal Ohmic contact structure (2005)

We report the experimental result of the specific contact resistance (ρc) of porous silicon and silver metal Ohmic contact structure formed on the n+ region (doped with phosphorous atoms) to boron-doped p-type single crystalline silicon. The contact structure consists of sintered Ag metal grid contact on a porous silicon surface, which was formed on the n+ region by an electrochemical etching process. The electrical properties of the Ohmic contact thus formed are estimated by measuring the specific contact resistance at the interface of the porous silicon/silver Ohmic contact structure as a function of surface doping concentration. The measured value of ρc as a function of the surface doping shows that ρc is a strong function of surface doping, and decreases with increasing doping. The measured data provide reliable values of ρc for the silver metal/porous silicon/p-type c-Si structure, which enable us to study the electrical properties of the porous silicon/silver Ohmic contact.
Unified hierarchical multi-object tracking using global data association (2013)

This paper presents a unified hierarchical multi-object tracking scheme. The problem of simultaneously tracking multiple objects is cast as a global MAP problem which aims at maximizing the probability of trajectories given the observations in each frame. Directly solving this problem is infeasible, due to computational considerations and the difficulty of reliably estimate necessary transition probabilities. Without breaking the MAP formulation, we propose a three stage hierarchical tracking framework which makes solving the MAP feasible. In addition, using a hierarchical framework allows for modeling inter-object occlusions. Occlusion handling thus smoothly and implicitly integrates into the proposed framework without any explicit occlusion reasoning. Finally, we evaluate the proposed method on the publicly available PETS 2009 tracking data and show improvements over the current state of the art for most sequences.
ARCHIMEDES-land mobile communications from highly inclined satellite orbits (1988)

A satellite based European land mobile system overcomes the main cellular radio problem of limited coverage by covering the entire continent, both highly and sparsely populated areas, from the outset. Conventional geostationary satellites suffer from high fades due to signal blockage by roadside trees and buildings at low elevation angles. Another disadvantage is the need for a costly and bulky antenna pointing mechanism on the mobile if voice quality services are to be offered. The ARCHIMEDES study aims to overcome these problems by using a system of satellites in highly inclined elliptical orbits, which appear at high elevation angles over Europe for a significant portion of their orbits. By using a number of such satellites, continuous coverage of Europe can be achieved at high elevation angles. The author describes the current ARCHIMEDES system design and explains how the problems associated with the communications performance of the system are overcome.
RNA Polymerase II Elongation Control (1998)

The expression of many eukaryotic genes is controlledin part at the level of transcription elongation (for review,see Bentley 1995; Shilatifard 1998; Yamaguchi et al.1997). On the basis of results obtained from a Drosophilain vitro transcription system, a model (Fig. 1) for the general control of elongation was described (Kephart et al.1992; Marshall and Price 1992) that was consistent withdata obtained in vitro and in vivo from many studies. According to the model, all RNA polymerase II (pol II)molecules that initiate from a promoter enter abortiveelongation and are destined to produce only short transcripts due to the action of negative transcription elongation factors (N-TEF). Escape from this negative control isaccomplished through the action of positive transcriptionelongation factors (P-TEF) that allow productive elongation. Similar to antitermination mechanisms described inprokaryotes (Greenblatt et al. 1993; Roberts 1993), control of the elongation phase of transcription by pol II is accomplished by the regulated elimination of early transcriptional blocks...
Damage Effects in Boron and  BF 2 Ion‐Implanted p+‐n Junctions in Silicon (1977)

Boron‐ and p+‐n junctions are compared. At 50V reverse bias diodes, fabricated in <100> silicon and annealed in a wet atmosphere, typically exhibited two orders of magnitude lower leakage than B‐implanted diodes on the same wafer. The improved reverse I–V characteristics of the junctions are related to the implant damage. Excessive leakage current in B‐implanted diodes is correlated with oxidation‐induced defects using scanning electron microscopy. Argon damage implant experiments indicate that an amorphous surface region caused by the implant prevents the propagation of defects into the junction region during anneal in a wet oxygen atmosphere.
On the sulfur-nitrogen bonding character of N-arylsulfilimines (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the sulfur-nitrogen bonding character of N-arylsulfiliminesShinji Tsuchiya, Shunichi Mitomo, Manabu Seno, and Hiroshi MiyamaeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 19, 3556–3559Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00193a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00193a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Factorial Experimental Designs Elucidate Significant Variables Affecting Data Acquisition on a Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer (2013)

Instrument parameter values for a quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometer were optimized for performing global proteomic analyses. Fourteen factors were evaluated for their influence on data-dependent acquisition with an emphasis on both the rate of sequencing and spectral quality by maximizing two individually tested response variables (unique peptides and protein groups). Of the 14 factors, 12 factors were assigned significant contrast values (P < 0.05) for both response variables. Fundamentally, when optimizing parameters, a balance between spectral quality and duty cycle needs to be reached in order to maximize proteome coverage. This is especially true when using a data-dependent approach for sequencing complex proteomes. For example, maximum ion injection time, automatic gain control settings, and minimum threshold settings for triggering MS/MS isolation and activation all heavily influence ion signal, the number of spectra collected, and spectral quality. To better assess the effect these parameters have on data acquisition, all MS/MS data were parsed according to ion abundance by calculating the percent of the AGC target reached for each MS/MS event and then compared with successful peptide-spectrum matches. This proved to be an effective approach for understanding the effect of ion abundance on successful peptide-spectrum matches and establishing minimum ion abundance thresholds for triggering MS/MS isolation and activation.
Tissue cooperation in a proteolytic cascade activating human interstitial collagenase. (1989)

We present a cascade of proteolytic events catalyzed by the proteases secreted by cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts that results in the activation of interstitial procollagenase. Cultured human skin fibroblasts constitutively secrete interstitial collagenase and stromelysin as proenzymes. In contrast, interstitial collagenase found in serum-free skin organ culture conditioned medium is activated. Cocultivation of the major cellular components of skin organ culture, dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes, induces activation of interstitial procollagenase and prostromelysin in the presence of plasminogen. This activation occurs through a urokinase-dependent pathway where added keratinocytes secrete the plasminogen activator urokinase, which converts plasminogen into plasmin. Plasmin is capable of activating purified procollagenase and prostromelysin. Plasmin-dependent activation of procollagenase generates an enzyme species, by amino-terminal processing, identical to those generated by limited proteolysis with trypsin or treatment with organomercurial compounds. Catalytic amounts of activated stromelysin can in turn convert plasmin- or trypsin-activated collagenase into a fully active enzyme by removal of approximately 15 amino acid residues from the carboxyl end of the enzyme. This results in a 5- to 8-fold increase in collagenase specific activity that is due to its proteolytic cleavage and not to the presence of the activator stromelysin. Stromelysin alone in both pro- and activated forms is not capable of efficient activation of human fibroblast interstitial procollagenase.
Long-term trans-synaptic glial responses in the human thalamus after peripheral nerve injury (2001)

Limb denervation leads to reorganization of the representational zones of the somatosensory cortex. Using [11C](R)-PK11195, a sensitive in vivo marker of glial cell activation, and PET, we provide first evidence that limb denervation induces a trans-synaptic increase in [11C](R)-PK11195 binding in the human thalamus but not somatosensory cortex: these brain structures appeared morphologically normal on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The increased thalamic signal was detectable many years after nerve injury, indicating persistent reorganization of the thalamus. This glial activation, beyond the first-order projection area of the injured neurons, may reflect continually altered afferent activity. Our findings support the view that long-term rearrangement of cortical representational maps is significantly determined within the thalamus.
Biomechanical Comparison of Unipedicular Versus Bipedicular Kyphoplasty (2005)

Unipedicular kyphoplasty is comparable to bipedicular kyphoplasty in the restoration of vertebral body strength, stiffness, and height in experimentally induced vertebral compression fractures. There was no greater risk for lateral wedging in the unipedicular group compared to the bipedicular group. Given the advantages of a unipedicular approach with respect to vertebral pedicle cannulation risk, operative time, radiation exposure, and cost, this study would support the use of a unipedicular approach to kyphoplasty in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures.
Rat hepatic lipocytes express smooth muscle actin upon activation in vivo and in culture. (1992)

Myofibroblasts are mesenchymal cells that are prominent in liver injury. The origin of myofibroblasts in liver is debated, although morphologic evidence to date has suggested that these cells are derived from lipocytes (fat-storing cells, Ito cells). In the present study, we have utilized smooth muscle alpha actin antibody--a marker of myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells--to study lipocytes in situ in normal and fibrotic rat liver as well as during their 'activation' in culture. Dual immunofluorescence studies on tissue sections from normal liver identified lipocytes as perisinusoidal desmin-positive, smooth muscle alpha actin-negative cells. In bile duct obstructed fibrotic liver, desmin-positive cells were numerous in areas of fibrosis and these cells also exhibited smooth muscle alpha actin. In carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis, cells expressing both desmin and smooth muscle alpha actin were present in fibrotic bands and in regenerating nodules. These results suggested that lipocytes had acquired characteristics of myofibroblasts during liver injury. To further address this issue we examined lipocytes immediately after isolation and also in primary culture. In freshly isolated lipocytes from normal liver, smooth muscle alpha actin was absent. In contrast, freshly isolated lipocytes from CCl4-treated animals expressed this smooth muscle marker immediately after isolation. In primary culture on plastic, lipocytes from normal liver began to express smooth muscle alpha actin coincident with culture-induced activation; at 14 days, smooth muscle alpha actin was identified in all cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated a highly developed array of microfilament bundles characteristic of actin filaments. Immunoblot of culture-activated lipocytes using the smooth muscle alpha actin antibody demonstrated the expected 42 kD protein (corresponding to the molecular size of smooth muscle alpha actin). Although smooth muscle alpha actin was readily detectable in culture-activated cells, it was not expressed in cells in which a quiescent phenotype was preserved by maintenance in culture on a laminin-rich gel. These findings demonstrate that the acquisition by lipocytes of a smooth muscle marker accompanies their 'activation', and are consistent with the hypothesis that lipocytes transform to myofibroblasts during liver injury.