gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
McRT-Malloc (2006)

Emerging multi-core processors promise to provide an exponentially increasing number of hardware threads with every generation. Applications will need to be highly concurrent to fullyuse the power of these processors. To enable maximum concurrency, libraries (such as malloc-free packages) would therefore need to use non-blocking algorithms. But lock-free algorithms are notoriously difficult to reason about and inappropriate for average programmers. Transactional memory promises to significantly ease concurrent programming for the average programmer. This paper describes a highly efficient non-blocking malloc/free algorithm that supports memory allocation and deallocation inside transactional code blocks. Thus this paper describes a memory allocator that is suitable for emerging multi-core applications, while supporting modern concurrency constructs.This paper makes several novel contributions. It is the first to integrate a software transactional memory system with a malloc/free based memory allocator. We present the first algorithm which ensures that space allocated in an aborted transaction is properly freed and does not lead to a space blowup. Unlike previous lock-free malloc packages, our algorithm avoids atomic operations on typical code paths, making our algorithm substantially more efficient.
High-power, very low threshold, GaInP/AlGaInP visible diode lasers (1991)

Visible light (665 nm) laser diodes employing a strained-layer, single quantum well, graded index separate confinement heterostructure were fabricated from epitaxial wafers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Threshold current densities for single element, uncoated, broad-area diodes operated cw as low as 425 A/cm2, cw power outputs of 340 mW per facet, and pulsed outputs (100 μs pulse width) of slightly under 1 W per facet were achieved. These power output values are believed to be the highest reported to date for visible light diode lasers, and this cw threshold current density is believed to be, by far, the lowest.
MANAGEMENT OF PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI ON BELL PEPPER AND COLLETOTRICHUM COCCODES ON TOMATO BY USING GRAFTING AND ORGANIC AMENDMENTS (2014)

ISHS VIII International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation MANAGEMENT OF PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI ON BELL PEPPER AND COLLETOTRICHUM COCCODES ON TOMATO BY USING GRAFTING AND ORGANIC AMENDMENTS
Complex‐analytic and matrix‐analytic solutions for a queueing system with group service controlled by arrivals (2000)

A bulk M / G /1 system is considered that responds to large increases (decreases) of the queue during the service act by alternating between two service modes. The switching rule is based on two “up” and “down” thresholds for total arrivals over the service act. A necessary and sufficient condition for the ergodicity of a Markov chain embedded into the main queueing process is found. Both complex‐analytic and matrix‐analytic solutions are obtained for the steady‐state distribution. Under the assumption of the same service time distribution in both modes, a combined complex‐matrix‐analytic method is introduced. The technique of “matrix unfolding” is used, which reduces the problem to a matrix iteration process with the block size much smaller than in the direct application of the matrix‐analytic method.
Selective Molecular Recognition, C−H Bond Activation, and Catalysis in Nanoscale Reaction Vessels (2004)

Supramolecular chemistry represents a way to mimic enzyme reactivity by using specially designed container molecules. We have shown that a chiral self-assembled M4L6 supramolecular tetrahedron can encapsulate a variety of cationic guests with varying degrees of stereoselectivity. Reactive iridium guests can be encapsulated, and the C-H bond activation of aldehydes occurs with the host cavity controlling the ability of substrates to interact with the metal center based upon size and shape. In addition, the host container can act as a catalyst by itself. By restricting reaction space and preorganizing the substrates into reactive conformations, it accelerates the sigmatropic rearrangement of enammonium cations.
Phalangeal intraosseous epidermoid cyst. (2004)

The authors describe two cases of phalangeal intraosseous epidermoid cyst. Two theories try to explain their origin. One theory sees traumatic implantation of epidermal cells as causative. A second theory is based on faulty embryogenesis.
Photodynamic inactivation of pseudorabies virus with methylene blue dye, light, and electricity (1983)

Pseudorabies virus was photoinactivated with a combination of methylene blue dye, light, and electricity. Viral suspensions were mixed with variable amounts of methylene blue dye and then were placed in a current source apparatus. Total inactivation of pseudorabies virus (1.7 X 10(6) 50% tissue culture infective doses per ml) was achieved with constant mixing, a methylene blue dye concentration of 10(-4) M, and an electrical current of 12 microA for 12 min.
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to an online Recruitment System (2012)

Abstract — In this work, we present a novel approach for evaluating job applicants in online recruitment systems, leveraging machine learning algorithms to solve the candidate ranking problem. An application of our approach is implemented in the form of a prototype system, whose functionality is showcased and evaluated in a real-world recruitment scenario. The proposed system extracts a set of objective criteria from the applicants ’ LinkedIn profile, and infers their personality characteristics using linguistic analysis on their blog posts. Our system was found to perform consistently compared to human recruiters; thus, it can be trusted for the automation of applicant ranking and personality mining.
T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in T-cell large granular leukocyte leukemia: preferential V alpha but diverse J alpha usage in one of five patients (1994)

T-gamma lymphoproliferative disease (T-gamma LPD) is a chronic disorder of mature T cells that is associated with neutropenia and autoimmune phenomena. Although the progression of the lymphoproliferation is indolent, it is often associated with a monoclonal proliferation of T-cell-type large granular lymphocytes (LGL) that manifest multiple in vitro suppressor and cytotoxic activities. We considered the possibility that the granulocytopenia or anemia might represent an autoimmune disorder mediated by the monoclonal LGL via T-cell receptor (TCR) recognition of an antigen involved in hematopoiesis. Therefore, in an effort to characterize the usage of the TCR alpha-and beta-chain genes in patients with T-gamma LPD, we cloned and sequenced TCR alpha-and beta-chain mRNAs derived from the T-cell type LGL of five patients. The five patients studied did not use a common V alpha nor a common J alpha segment. However, an unusual finding was observed in one of the patients where the occurrence of a single variable-diversity-junctional (VDJ) rearrangement of the beta chain confirmed the monoclonal origin of the LGL proliferation. In accord with this evidence for monoclonality, many of the cells studied used a common V alpha (V alpha 19.1). In contrast to this common V alpha usage, there was a marked diversity of the J alpha segments and N-region addition that were associated with the V alpha 19.1 segment. This pattern of common V alpha usage associated with different N and J alpha segments suggests an immune-mediated selection process affecting the TCR alpha chain occurring after the transformation event that established the clone. We suggest that the T-cell-type LGL malignant clone might have developed autoreactivity conferred by the selected TCR alpha chain and that this autoreactivity might be implicated in this patient's anemia.
Solution studies on DNA interactions of substitution-inert platinum complexes mediated via the phosphate clamp (2014)

The phosphate clamp is a distinct mode of ligand-DNA binding where the molecular recognition is manifested through ("non-covalent") hydrogen-bonding from am(m)ines of polynuclear platinum complexes to the phosphate oxygens on the oligonucleotide backbone. This third mode of DNA binding is unique to the "classical" DNA intercalators and minor groove binding agents and even the closely related covalently binding mononuclear and polynuclear drugs. 2D (1)H NMR studies on the Dickerson-Drew dodecamer (DDD, d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2) showed significant A-T contacts mainly on nucleotides A6, T7 and T8 implying a selective bridging from C9G10 in the 3' direction to C9G10 of the opposite strand. {(1)H, (15)N} HSQC NMR spectroscopy using the fully (15)N-labelled compound [{trans-Pt(NH2)3(H2N(CH2)6NH3}2μ-(H2N(CH2)6NH2)2(Pt(NH3)2](8+) (TriplatinNC) showed at pH 6 significant chemical shifts and (1)J((195)Pt-(15)N) coupling constants for the free drug and DDD-TriplatinNC at pH 7 indicative of formation of the phosphate clamp. (31)P NMR results are also reported for the hexamer d(CGTACG)2 showing changes in (31)P NMR chemical shifts indicative of changes around the phosphorus center. The studies confirm the DNA binding modes by substitution-inert (non-covalent) polynuclear platinum complexes and help in further establishing the chemotype as a new class of potential anti-tumour agents in their own right with a distinct profile of biological activity.
Ant‐based distributed denial of service detection technique using roaming virtual honeypots (2016)

Nowadays, distributed denial of service (DDoS) becomes a major challenge in the network as it affects the network at multi‐level. This leads to traffic overhead and wastage of bandwidth utilisation. In order to overcome these issues, ant‐based DDoS detection technique using roaming virtual honeypots is proposed. In this technique, virtual roaming honeypot along with the multi‐level secure architecture is used to collect the information about the various intruders at different levels in the network. Ant colony optimisation technique is used to detect the intruders based on the pheromone deposit on that considered area. A multi‐level IP log table is used to detect the intruders at different levels of the network. Once the affected area is found, the information is sent to multi‐level architecture to limit the spread of the affected area to the honeypot. This information is sent to the honeypot to make a defence system against the attackers. The advantage of the proposed technique is that it provides a full defence against DDoS at multi‐level without creating any traffic overhead.
Photo-curing 3D printing technique and its challenges (2020)

In recent ten years, 3D printing technology has been developed rapidly. As an advanced technology, 3D printing has been used to fabricate complex and high-precision objects in many fields. 3D printing has several technologies. Among these technologies, photo-curing 3D printing was the earliest and most mature technology. In 1988, the first 3D printing machine which was based on photo-curing and called Stereo lithography Appearance (SLA) technology was produced by 3D system Corp. After 30 years of development, many new technologies based on photocuring mechanism emerged. Based on the different principle of pattern formation and character of printing technology, numerous photocuring 3D printing techniques, such as SLA, DLP, LCD, CLIP, MJP, two-photon 3D printing, holographic 3D printing and so on, have been developed. Photo-curing 3D printing has many advantages, such as high precision, smooth surface of printing objects, rapid printing speed and so on. Here, we would introduce five industrial photocuring 3D printing technologies, which are SLA, DLP, LCD, CLIP and MJP. The characters of the materials and the progress of the application of the technique in the biomedical field is also overviewed. At last, the difficulties and challenges of photo-curing 3D printing are also discussed.
IMAGING LUNG AERATION AND LUNG LIQUID CLEARANCE AT BIRTH USING PHASE CONTRAST X‐RAY IMAGING (2009)

The transition to extra-uterine life at birth is critically dependent on airway liquid clearance to allow the entry of air and the onset of gaseous ventilation. We have used phase contrast X-ray imaging to identify factors that regulate lung aeration at birth in spontaneously breathing term and mechanically ventilated preterm rabbit pups. Phase contrast X-ray imaging exploits the difference in refractive index between air and water to enhance image contrast, enabling the smallest air-filled structures of the lung (alveoli; < 100 microm) to be resolved. Using this technique, the lungs become visible as they aerate, allowing the air-liquid interface to be observed as it moves distally during lung aeration. Spontaneously breathing term rabbit pups rapidly aerate their lungs, with most fully recruiting their functional residual capacity (FRC) within the first few breaths. The increase in FRC occurs mainly during individual breaths, demonstrating that airway liquid clearance and lung aeration is closely associated with inspiration. We suggest that transpulmonary pressures generated by inspiration provide a hydrostatic pressure gradient for the movement of water out of the airways and into the surrounding lung tissue after birth. In mechanically ventilated preterm pups, lung aeration is closely associated with lung inflation and a positive end-expiratory pressure is required to generate and maintain FRC after birth. In summary, phase contrast X-ray imaging can image the air-filled lung with high temporal and spatial resolution and is ideal for identifying factors that regulate lung aeration at birth in both spontaneously breathing term and mechanically ventilated preterm neonates.
Characterization by 1H NMR of a C32S,C35S double mutant of Escherichia coli thioredoxin confirms its resemblance to the reduced wild‐type protein (1994)

A mutant of Escherichia coli thioredoxin containing serine residues in place of the two active-site cysteines, termed C32S,C35S, previously shown to be partially able to substitute for reduced thioredoxin in certain phage systems, has been characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy at pH values between 5.5 and 10. The 1H NMR spectrum of the mutant at pH 5.5 is very similar to that of the wild-type protein in either the reduced or oxidized state. Chemical shift changes in the vicinity of the active site serines indicate that the nearby hydrophobic pocket is somewhat changed, probably as a result of the replacement of the cysteine thiols with the smaller, more hydrophilic hydroxyl side chains and a change in the preferred chi 1 angles of the side chains. Although the pattern of amide protons persistent in 2H2O differs only slightly between the two forms of the wild-type protein, the pattern observed for the C32S,C35S mutant shows characteristic features that correspond closely with those of the reduced wild-type protein rather than with the oxidized form. The pH dependence of the mutant protein shows a single group titrating close to the active site with a pKa of 8.3, which we assign to the buried carboxyl group of Asp 26 by analogy with the behavior of wild-type thioredoxin. The pKa is significantly higher for the mutant protein, consistent with an increase in the hydrophobicity of the pocket where the carboxyl is buried, probably due to repacking caused by the removal of the cysteine thiols and the placement of the serine hydroxyls in positions where they interact better with solvent. The results demonstrate that the solution behavior of the mutant protein is similar in many ways to that of reduced wild-type thioredoxin, explaining its partial activity in the two essential roles of reduced thioredoxin as a subunit of phage T7 DNA polymerase and in the assembly of filamentous phage.
Luteolin Inhibits Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway Through Protease-Activated Receptors (-2 and -4) and Their Agonist Activity (2007)

Luteolin is a major flavonoid of Lonicera japonica and has anti-inflammatory effect. The activation of proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)-2 and -4 by trypsin appears to play a role in inflammation, In the present study, we examined the inhibitory effects of luteolin on activation of trypsin-induced human leukemic mast cells (HMC-1). HMC-1 cells were stimulated with trypsin, PAR-2 and PAR-4 agonist, in the presence or absence of luteolin. The level of TNF- secretion was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of tryptase and phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were assessed by Westem blot analysis. Moreover, trypsin activity was measured by the substrate Bz-DL-Arg-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA). TNF- secretion and Tryptase expression in trypsin-stimulated HMC-1 cells were markedly inhibited by pretreatment of luteolin. Furthermore, the pretreatment of luteolin resulted in the reduction of ERK phosphorylation and trypsin activity. These results suggest that luteolin might has the inhibitory effects on the PAR-2 and -4-dependent inflammation.
SHAYBAH-220: A Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) Well and Its Implications for Developing Tight Facies Reservoirs (2003)

Abstract This paper presents drilling, completion, well performance, and reservoir characterization results of a recently-drilled Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) well in the Shaybah Field with a total of eight laterals and an aggregate reservoir contact of 12.3 kms (7.6 miles). The well was drilled as part of a pilot program to evaluate both the practical challenges and the reservoir performance impact of MRC wells. The results to date on three MRC wells in Shaybah indicate significant gains in well productivities as well as reductions in unit development costs. A useful by-product of MRC drilling is the enhancement achieved in reservoir characterization. These benefits point to MRC wells as disruptive technologies (DTs)1,2 which have far reaching implications for developing tight-facies reservoirs.
Ganzkörper-MRT-Angiografien zur Detektion stiller Thrombosen und Embolien bei Patienten mit paroxysmaler nächtlicher Hämoglobinurie (2016)

Paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie (PNH) ist eine seltene, lebensbedrohliche klonale hämatologische Erkrankung verursacht durch eine erworbene Mutation im PIG A-Gen. Klinisch stellt sich eine PNH mit der Trias aus einer erworbenen Coombs-negativen intravasalen hämolytischen Anämie, Thrombophilie und Knochenmarksdepression dar. 44% der PNH-Patienten haben mindestens eine Thrombose und Thrombosen stellen die Haupttodesursache bei PNH-Patienten dar. Diese Studie untersucht, ob Patienten mit PNH stille Thrombosen oder thrombembolische Komplikationen haben.
Computational tool for the early screening of monoclonal antibodies for their viscosities (2015)

Highly concentrated antibody solutions often exhibit high viscosities, which present a number of challenges for antibody-drug development, manufacturing and administration. The antibody sequence is a key determinant for high viscosity of highly concentrated solutions; therefore, a sequence- or structure-based tool that can identify highly viscous antibodies from their sequence would be effective in ensuring that only antibodies with low viscosity progress to the development phase. Here, we present a spatial charge map (SCM) tool that can accurately identify highly viscous antibodies from their sequence alone (using homology modeling to determine the 3-dimensional structures). The SCM tool has been extensively validated at 3 different organizations, and has proved successful in correctly identifying highly viscous antibodies. As a quantitative tool, SCM is amenable to high-throughput automated analysis, and can be effectively implemented during the antibody screening or engineering phase for the selection of low-viscosity antibodies.
Direct ethoxylation of a longer‐chain aliphatic ester (2001)

Abstract 2‐Ethylhexyl laurate, as an exemplary longer‐chain aliphatic ester, was subjected to direct ethoxylation. The synthesis was described and the obtained products were analyzed qualitatively by means of the mass spectrometry and chromatographic methods. Solubility of the obtained ethoxylates was studied by determination of their cloud points in selected model solutions. It was shown that longer‐chain aliphatic esters are feasible as raw materials for ethoxylation in the presence of an appropriate catalyst. They undergo effective and selective reaction with ethylene oxide without formation of excessive amounts of by‐products. The obtained products exhibit typical properties of ethoxylate‐type nonionic surfactants. Their solubility in water and butyldiglycol solution was relatively lower compared to their methyl ester equivalents.
Synthesis of citramalic acid from glycerol by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli (2017)

Citramalic acid (citramalate) serves as a five-carbon precursor for the chemical synthesis of methacrylic acid. We compared citramalate and acetate accumulation from glycerol using Escherichia coli strains expressing a modified citramalate synthase gene cimA from Methanococcus jannaschii. These studies revealed that gltA coding citrate synthase, leuC coding 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase, and acetate pathway genes play important roles in elevating citramalate and minimizing acetate formation. Controlled 1.0 L batch experiments confirmed that deletions in all three acetate-production genes (poxB, ackA, and pta) were necessary to reduce acetate formation to less than 1 g/L during citramalate production from 30 g/L glycerol. Fed-batch processes using MEC568/pZE12-cimA (gltA leuC ackA-pta poxB) generated over 31 g/L citramalate and less than 2 g/L acetate from either purified or crude glycerol at yields exceeding 0.50 g citramalate/g glycerol in 132 h. These results hold promise for the viable formation of citramalate from unrefined glycerol.
Cloning of the rat and human prostaglandin F2α receptors and the expression of the rat prostaglandin F2α receptor (1994)

We have cloned the FP receptor from rat corpus luteum and human uterus cDNA libraries, respectively. The coding DNA sequence in the rat cDNA is 1101 bp and is similar to the mouse cDNA coding for a receptor protein of 366 amino acids. The human sequence shows a 5 bp deficiency in the 3' region, truncating the coding sequence to 359 amino acids. Northern blot analysis indicates highest expression in the ovary. Cell lines have been established giving stable expression of the FP receptor. Activation of the cloned FP receptor gave an increase in intracellular calcium, indicating signaling via phospholipase C-mediated phosphoinositide turnover. Using [3H]PGF2 alpha, binding of PGs showed the rank order of fluprostenol > PhXA70 > PGF2 alpha > or = PhXA85 > PGD2 > PGE2.
<title>Detection of metal and plastic mines using passive millimeter waves</title> (1996)

In a continuing effort to develop new sensor technologies for the detection of land mines and other UXO, a variety of plastic and metal mines were acquired for detection tests utilizing a passive millimeter wave sensor at 44 GHz and at 12 GHz. These inert mines were surface- laid, covered with dry leaves, or buried in sand or soil, and the resulting target scene was scanned from an overhead position using the single channel sensor, generating a 2D image of the minefield.
Comprehensive Silicon-Solar-Cell Program (1989)

Comprehensive Silicon Solar Cell Computer Modeling (SICELL) program simulates silicon solar cell. Predicts device parameters as efficiency, voltage-vs.-current characteristic fill factor, and temperature coefficients of parameters. Technique used similar to numerical-integration methods, but commonality described by use of mesh-point field. Validation studies show accuracies of simulations range from 0.08 percent to 3.6 percent for 27 experimental data points over temperature range of 300K to 421K. Results obtained by use of 10 mesh points in n- and p-type regions and for two iterations. SICELL runs interactively on VAX computer under VMS and written in VAX/VMS FORTRAN 77.