gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Adsorbed Fe(III) and Structurally Doped Fe(III) in Montmorillonite/TiO2 Composite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol (2021)

The Fe(III)-doped montmorillonite (Mt)/TiO2 composites were fabricated by adding Fe(III) during or after the aging of TiO2/Ti(OH)4 sol–gel in Mt, named as xFe-Mt/(1 − x)Fe-TiO2 and Fe/Mt/TiO2, respectively. In the xFe-Mt/(1 − x)Fe-TiO2, Fe(III) cations were expected to be located in the structure of TiO2, in the Mt, and in the interface between them, while Fe(III) ions are physically adsorbed on the surfaces of the composites in the Fe/Mt/TiO2. The narrower energy bandgap (Eg) lower photo-luminescence intensity were observed for the composites compared with TiO2. Better photocatalytic performance for phenol degradation was observed in the Fe/Mt/TiO2. The 94.6% phenol degradation was due to greater charge generation and migration capacity, which was confirmed by photocurrent measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of the energy-resolved distribution of electron traps (ERDT) suggested that the Fe/Mt/TiO2 possessed a larger amorphous rutile phase content in direct contact with crystal anatase than that of the xFe-Mt/(1 − x)Fe-TiO2. This component is the fraction that is mainly responsible for the photocatalytic phenol degradation by the composites. As for the xFe-Mt/(1 − x)Fe-TiO2, the active rutile phase was followed by isolated amorphous phases which had larger (Eg) and which did not act as a photocatalyst. Thus, the physically adsorbed Fe(III) enhanced light adsorption and avoided charge recombination, resulting in improved photocatalytic performance. The mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction with the Fe(III)-doped Mt/TiO2 composite was proposed.
Description and Characterization of a Linear-Flow Outer Gas Flow Torch for Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy (1992)

An inductively coupled plasma torch has been developed which utilizes linear coolant gas flows and is operated at reduced applied power levels and argon gas consumption rates. The linear flow torch (LiFT) is constructed by the addition of a machined insert between the outer and intermediate tubing of a conventional tangential flow torch (TaFT). This LiFT configuration has been demonstrated to be capable of providing improved detection limits, in comparison to a TaFT, at conditions of lower power and gas flow. Under those conditions the LiFT was also demonstrated to produce less severe interferences to analyte emission in the presence of an easily ionizable element.
Behaviour of ferritic stainless steel in the ML‐1 sodium corrosion loop (1982)

Abstract The ferritic steel AISI 430 has been exposed up to 6000 hours at 500 and 570 °C in the ML‐1 sodium loop. The specimens were examined to evaluate the corrosion and mass transfer phenomena. Additional to weight change measurements and metallographic techniques surface layer analyses by Glow Discharge Optical Spectrometry and AUGER Electron Spectrometry and also scanning electron microscopy with Xray analysis were applied. Corrosion and deposition influenced about 0.01 mm thin layers, weight losses were comparable to those of austenitic steels. The steel was not decarburized by the sodium. On the surfaces oxygen containing compounds have formed. In the down‐stream area also metallic deposits rich in nickel were observed.
Triterpene alcohols and fatty acids in lipids and nonsaponifiable matter of Lapsana communis L. subspecies communis (Asteraceae) (1998)

Abstract The oil content of samples of aerial parts of Lampsana communis L. subsp. communis , harvested in Indre et Loire (France) at different periods, varies from 1.1 to 2.1%. Nonsaponifiable matter in these samples represents 36.0 to 65.7% of the oil. Yields of triterpene alcohols of nonsaponifiable matter (25.9 to 81.8%) were determined by preparative thin‐layer chromatography after saponification. Seven of them were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Six of the fatty acids in the aerial parts have also been identified by GC‐MS. The seeds of L. communis contain 2.6% oil.
Vascular Calcification (2006)

Once thought to result from passive precipitation of calcium and phosphate, it now appears that vascular calcification is a consequence of tightly regulated processes that culminate in organized extracellular matrix deposition by osteoblast-like cells. These cells may be derived from stem cells (circulating or within the vessel wall) or differentiation of existing cells, such as smooth muscle cells (SMCs) or pericytes. Several factors induce this transition, including bone morphogenetic proteins, oxidant stress, high phosphate levels, parathyroid hormone fragments, and vitamin D. Once the osteogenic phenotype is induced, cells gain a distinctive molecular fingerprint, marked by the transcription factor core binding factor alpha1. Alternatively, loss of inhibitors of mineralization, such as matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid Gla protein, fetuin, and osteopontin, also contribute to vascular calcification. The normal balance between promotion and inhibition of calcification becomes dysregulated in chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and as a consequence of aging. Once the physiological determinants of calcification are perturbed, calcification may occur at several sites in the cardiovascular system, including the intima and media of vessels and cardiac valves. Here, calcification may occur through overlapping yet distinct molecular mechanisms, each with different clinical ramifications. A variety of imaging techniques are available to visualize vascular calcification, including fluoroscopy, echocardiography, intravascular ultrasound, and electron beam computed tomography. These imaging modalities vary in sensitivity and specificity, as well as clinical application. Through greater understanding of both the mechanism and clinical consequences of vascular calcification, future therapeutic strategies may be more effectively designed and applied.
Multi-Frequency Electrocochleography and Electrode Scan to Identify Electrode Insertion Trauma during Cochlear Implantation (2023)

Intraoperative electrocochleography (ECOG) is performed using a single low-frequency acoustic stimulus (e.g., 500 Hz) to monitor cochlear microphonics (CM) during cochlear implant (CI) electrode insertion. A decrease in CM amplitude is commonly associated with cochlear trauma and is used to guide electrode placement. However, advancement of the recording electrode beyond the sites of CM generation can also lead to a decrease in CM amplitude and is sometimes interpreted as cochlear trauma, resulting in unnecessary electrode manipulation and increased risk of cochlear trauma during CI electrode placement. In the present study, multi-frequency ECOG was used to monitor CM during CI electrode placement. The intraoperative CM tracings were compared with electrode scan measurements, where CM was measured for each of the intracochlear electrodes. Comparison between the peak CM amplitude measured during electrode placement and electrode scan measurements was used to differentiate between different mechanisms for decrease in CM amplitude during CI electrode insertion. Analysis of the data shows that both multi-frequency electrocochleography and electrode scan could potentially be used to differentiate between different mechanisms for decreasing CM amplitude and providing appropriate feedback to the surgeon during CI electrode placement.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of PopHumanScan: the online catalog of human genome adaptation. (2020)

Since the migrations that led humans to colonize Earth, our species has faced frequent adaptive challenges that have left signatures in the landscape of genetic variation and that we can identify in our today's genomes. Here, we (i) perform an outlier approach on eight different population genetic statistics for 22 non-admixed human populations of the Phase III of the 1000 Genomes Project to detect selective sweeps at different historical ages, as well as events of recurrent positive selection in the human lineage; and (ii) create PopHumanScan, an online catalog that compiles and annotates all candidate regions under selection to facilitate their validation and thoroughly analysis. Well-known examples of human genetic adaptation published elsewhere are included in the catalog, as well as hundreds of other attractive candidates that will require further investigation. Designed as a collaborative database, PopHumanScan aims to become a central repository to share information, guide future studies and help advance our understanding of how selection has modeled our genomes as a response to changes in the environment or lifestyle of human populations.
Wiring requirement and three-dimensional integration technology for field programmable gate arrays (2003)

In this paper, analytical models for predicting interconnect requirements in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are presented, and opportunities for three-dimensional (3-D) implementation of FPGAs are examined. The analytical models for two-dimensional FPGAs are calibrated by routing and placement experiments with benchmark circuits and extended to 3-D FPGAs. Based on system-level modeling, we find that in FPGAs with more than 20 K four-input look-up tables, the reduction in channel width, interconnect delay and power dissipation can be over 50% by 3-D implementation.
Whole-genome sequencing analysis of molecular epidemiology and silent transmissions causing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in a university hospital (2023)

Routine monitoring of MRSA by whole-genome analysis is effective not only for gaining knowledge regarding molecular epidemiology, but also for detecting silent nosocomial transmission.
<title>Optical demonstrations through science fairs</title> (2010)

The New England Section of the Optical Society of America (NES/OSA), founded in 1949, provides programming for the promotion of science and optics education. In recent years, the NES/OSA has combined funding to provide demonstrations during the Massachusetts Science Fairs for Middle and High School age groups and award prizes to the winners. This funding is supplied from the Section's operating budget, along with grants from the Optical Society of America (OSA). NES/OSA attends two annual science fairs comprised of the statewide finalists from 6 regional competitions. During these fairs, NES/OSA members conduct optics demonstrations using the Section's "Optics Suitcases". This talk will outline the NES/OSA's outreach program, some of the demonstrations and results.
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Rhinovirus C in Patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Osaka City, Japan (2011)

Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a causative agent of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). In 2007, a novel HRV group, HRV-C, was discovered. This study, which assessed whether HRV-C is epidemic among patients with ARTI, was aimed at analyzing the seasonal prevalence of HRV-C in Osaka City, Japan. Gene amplification tests were performed to detect 10 respiratory viruses in 336 specimens collected during November 2008-October 2009. In total, 364 viruses were detected in 271 specimens. The most commonly detected virus was HRV (n = 84). For HRV-positive specimens, we conducted phylogenetic analyses using the VP4/VP2 gene region to identify the HRV species (HRV-C, 30; HRV-A, 54). Both the number and rate of HRV-C detection were highest in December. The highest numbers and the highest rate of HRV-A detection were obtained in April and June and in April, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the most probable prevalent period of HRV-C was between September and March, and that of HRV-A was between March and November. These results suggest that HRV-C is mainly epidemic during autumn and early spring; this seasonal prevalence was different from that of HRV-A. Moreover, the HRV-C Osaka strains were scattered in many genetic clusters along with previously reported strains from different parts of the world. This result also emphasizes the worldwide circulation of HRV-C.
A Low-Stress Zero-Current Switching Technique for Power Converters (2017)

Huge voltage spikes on auxiliary switches is a common issue for most of the existing zero-current switching (ZCS) pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) converters. The reason for the spike lies in the parasitic resonance between the resonant inductance and the stray output capacitance Coss of the auxiliary switch, which does not have the negative impact in zero-voltage switching (ZVS) converters. This paper proposes a low-stress ZCS technique to eliminate the negative consequence of the Coss in ZCS PWM converters. All the power devices, including the auxiliary switch, show low voltage stresses and ZCS. The auxiliary cell of the low-stress ZCS technique introduced a clamping diode to realize the low-voltage stress for the power devices. The low-stress ZCS buck converter is taken as an example to explain both the low-stress and ZCS characteristics. A 2-kW hardware prototype is developed. The simulation and experiment results both validate the effectiveness of the proposed low-stress ZCS technique.
Towards the development of a glass optical fibre probe for SERS applications (2018)

Ion exchange in silver nitrate is a well-established technique for modifying the chemical-physical properties of the glass materials and is widely used in the fields of Integrated Optics (IO) and, more recently, in Plasmonics due to the possibility to induce the formation of silver nanoparticles in the glass matrix by an ad-hoc thermal post-process. Here we report the application of this technology for the realization of SERS planar substrates in commercial soda-lime glasses. This study is preparatory for the development of a glass optical fibre probe, treated by ion-exchange, for SERS applications. The main results obtained on planar samples as well as the preliminary ones on the glass optical fibre will be presented.
Understanding Free and Complexed Enzyme Mechanisms and Factors Contributing to Cell Wall Recalcitrance (Presentation) (2014)

Fungal free enzymes and bacterial complexed cellulosomes deconstruct biomass using different physical mechanisms. Free enzymes, which typically contain a large proportion of GH7 cellobiohydrolase, diffuse throughout the substrate and hydrolyze primarily from the cellulose reducing end, resulting in 'sharpened' macrofibrils. In contrast, complexed cellulosomes contain a diverse array of carbohydrate binding modules and multiple catalytic specificities leading to delamination and physical peeling of the cellulose macrofibril structures. To investigate how cellulose structure contributes to recalcitrance, we compared the deconstruction of cellulose I, II, and III; using free and complexed enzyme systems. We also evaluated both systems on Clean Fractionation and alkaline pretreated biomass, which remove much of the lignin, to determine the impact on enzyme loading reduction. Free fungal enzymes demonstrated a swelling of the outer surface of the plant cell walls while removing localized disruptions, resulting in a smooth surface appearance. Cellulosomes produced cell wall surfaces with localized areas of disruption and little surface layer swelling. These studies contribute to the overall understanding of biomass recalcitrance and how combining different enzymatic paradigms may lead to the formulation of new enzyme cocktails to reduce the cost of producing sugars from plant cell wall carbohydrates.
A prospective, randomized trial of simultaneous pancreatic cancer treatment with enoxaparin and chemotherapy (PROSPECT - CONKO 004) (2006)

4110 Background: Approximately 20% of patients (pts) diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) develop venous thromboembolism, which may contribute to the dismal prognosis of PA. A small phase II trial suggested an improved survival by the addition of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to chemotherapy (Icli et al., ASCO 2003). We conducted a small pilot study which indicated that the addition of enoxaparin to chemotherapy GFFC chemotherapy (see below) is safe and feasible in pts with advanced PA. Furthermore, results of several phase III studies suggest that pts in good performance status may benefit from more intensive chemotherapy regimen (Riess et al; Heinemann et al; ASCO 2005). Based on these considerations we started the multicenter phase III study CONKO 004. Methods: 540 patients are to be recruited into this study. Primary stratification takes place according to Karnowsky performance status and kidney function. Patients with KPS &gt; 80% and normal kidney function receive GFFC ± LMWH (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), cisplatin 30 mg/m 2 (90 min), 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m 2 (24 h), folinic acid 200 mg/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8; q3w ± Enoxaparin 1mg/kg daily s.c.). Pts with KPS &lt; 80 % and increased creatinin plasma levels (&gt;1.3 mg/dl) receive the current standard therapy (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8, 15; q4w) ± LMWM ± Enoxaparin 1mg/kg daily s.c. After 12 weeks of initial chemotherapy all patients who have not progressed received the standard therapy (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8, 15; q4w) ± Enoxaparin 40mg daily s.c. Results: From April 2004 to Dezember 2005 140 pts have been recruited in this study. Until now no unexpected serious adverse events concerning severe bleedings were observed in the enoxaparin treatment group. No heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT II) was documented. The first interim analysis per protocol is planned after 12 pts. with deep vein thrombosis or thromboembolic events. This interim analysis is expected to be completed in May 2006. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that the addition of enoxaparin—given the dosage mentioned above—to GEM/GFFC is safe, does not change toxicity and maintains activity of chemotherapy in pts with advanced PA. This study is open to recruitment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Institute of forest tree breeding: Improvement and gene conservation of iconic tree species in the 21st Century (2017)

Our nation’s forests and forest trees are undergoing unprecedented stress from invasive pathogens and pests, climate change, land fragmentation, and urbanization. Some of these stresses are acute, either regionally or locally, and are having significant negative impacts on regional and local economies and ecosystems. Managing and improving the genetic resources of impacted iconic4 forest tree species is key to ensuring their existence into the future. However, our national capacity in forest genetics and tree improvement has been declining for decades (Wheeler et al. 2015). Many of the current programs addressing genetic improvement of our hardwood and non-commercial softwood species are isolated, under-staffed and under-funded, resulting in limited success in achieving and deploying improved trees. In addition, they lack a committed source of long-term funding to make them sustainable across the time periods that are needed for genetic improvement in long-lived organisms such as forest trees. Experience has shown that most hardwood tree improvement programs have failed to outlive their initial phase and usually are suspended indefinitely or terminated upon retirement of the founding forest geneticist/tree breeder.
Modèles de déformation pour l'analyse des formed humaines (2018)

This manuscript presents the author’s most significant works conducted from2011 to 2017 on the topic of processing and analyzing 3D geometric data,and in particular deformations of 3D human shapes and their accessories.Applications of such 3D data include product design, avatar creation, andrecognition tasks. Inferring high-level information from raw scan data ischallenging due to high levels of noise in the captured data and a high degreeof variability in geometry both across different human subjects and acrossdifferent poses. For this reason, to date, most of the 3D scan data used inapplications are processed with the help of manual input. The goal of ourwork can be summarized as providing automatic methods for processing andanalyzing raw geometric 3D data showing the shape and deformations ofhumans and their accessories.To achieve this goal, we take advantage of the fact that humans and theirclothing allow for a limited set of deformations, and use deformation modelsto constrain the space of possible human 3D shapes. This document presentscontributions based on three deformation models. The first part considersa near-isometric deformation model defined on partial regions that can beused to model loco-motions of humans as well as cloth deformations. Themain novelty of this model is that it allows for processing that is robust toacquisition noise. The second and third parts consider generative models forhuman body and face shape that are learned from a training database of 3Dscans. For both bodies and faces, we present automatic processing pipelinesthat allow to build generative models based on databases of thousands of rawscans. We further present applications of both the near-isometric deformationmodel and the generative model of human body shape.
A DC SPICE Level 3 Model for 4H-SiC lateral NMOSFET under strong inversion conditions (2023)

A DC SPICE model of a 4H-Silicon Carbide lateral n-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors is proposed. Basing on a SPICE MOSFET Level 3 model, we introduce a novel equation of the threshold voltage, because its classic description is invalid due to the high density of traps at the oxide/semiconductor interface. Moreover, we also consider the body effects on the threshold voltage and on the channel mobility as well as the high-field effects. The accuracy of our model has been verified through the comparisons with experimental data and the relative Verilog-A BSIM4SiC model. The devices are fabricated with the 2$\mu$m CMOS process by Fraunhofer IISB and have channel length and width of 10$\mu$m. The output and trans-characteristics are for room temperature and under different bias conditions of the drain, gate and body terminals.
Montmorillonite Clay Catalysis. Part 7.1 An Environmentally Friendly Procedure for the Synthesis of Coumarins via Pechmann Condensation of Phenols with Ethyl Acetoacetate† (1998)

Coumarins are synthesised via Pechmann condensation of phenols with ethyl acetoacetate catalysed by montmorillonite clay in satisfactory yields; the scope and limitation of the method have been investigated.
Relating localized nanoparticle resonances to an associated antenna problem (2011)

On an empirical basis, we indicate the possibility of conceptually unifying the description of resonances existing in some of the analytically studied metallic nanoparticles and optical nanowire antennas. To this end the nanoantenna is treated as a Fabry-P\'erot-like resonator with arbitrary seminanoparticles forming the terminations. We show that the frequencies of the quasistatic dipolar resonances of the considered nanoparticles coincide with those where the round-trip phase of the complex reflection coefficient of the fundamental propagating plasmon polariton mode at the wire terminations amounts to $2\ensuremath{\pi}$. The lowest order Fabry-P\'erot resonance of the optical wire antenna occurs therefore even for a negligible wire length.
Cartilage-binding antibodies initiate joint inflammation and promote chronic erosive arthritis (2020)

The new mouse model for RA induced with cartilage antibodies allows studies of chronic development of arthritis and epitope spreading of the autoimmune response and bone erosion.