gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract A41: The preanalytic impact of simulated ischemia on PI3K biomarkers (2009)

Abstract Introduction: Pharmacodynamic (PD) measurements in patient tissues following administration of cancer drugs may be used to determine a drug's activity and calculate dosing schedules. Biomarker selection for these tests must evaluate the most pertinent proteins in the pathway, but must also take into account biomarker stability in the tissue being tested. Constitutive expression of the PI3K pathway occurs with a high frequency in a variety of human malignancies. We sought to determine whether improper handling of tumor tissue can lead to inaccurate analysis of PI3K-AKT pathway activation when using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Methods: 23 human cancer xenograft tumors were grown in nude mice (n=3/line) and allowed to stay at room temperature for fixed lengths of time to simulate handling of human specimens following surgery. Uniform sized tissue fragments (600–1000 mg) were kept in PBS for 0, 15, 30 and 120 minutes following resection prior to fixation in formalin and paraffin embedding. Four of these tumor lines were also frozen and analyzed by Western blot. IHC was preformed utilizing two pAKT antibodies and one pP70S6K (pS6) antibody. Following IHC, staining intensity was quantified using the Aperio image analysis system. Results: Significant decrease in signal (p&amp;lt;.05) was seen as soon as fifteen minutes of ischemia with both pS6 and pAKT antibodies by IHC in some samples. In nearly all of the samples that had detectable levels of pAKT or pS6 at time zero, this was gone by 120 minutes. There was also considerable discordance between pS6 and pAKT staining in the control samples bringing into question pS6 as a relevant pAKT surrogate biomarker. Conclusion: Significant care should be taken in the interpretation of phospho-specific antibodies since results are strongly dependent on the time of ischemia. Broader analysis of pre-analytic biomarkers not dependent on tissue ischemia may be utilized as surrogate for pathway activation. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):A41.
Lv's Distribution: Principle, Implementation, Properties, and Performance (2011)

This paper proposes a novel representation, known as Lv's distribution (LVD), of linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals. It has been well known that a monocomponent LFM signal can be uniquely determined by two important physical quantities, centroid frequency and chirp rate (CFCR). The basic reason for expressing a LFM signal in the CFCR domain is that these two quantities may not be apparent in the time or time-frequency (TF) domain. The goal of the LVD is to naturally and accurately represent a mono- or multicomponent LFM in the CFCR domain. The proposed LVD is simple and only requires a two-dimensional (2-D) Fourier transform of a parametric scaled symmetric instantaneous autocorrelation function. It can be easily implemented by using the complex multiplications and fast Fourier transforms (FFT) based on the scaling principle. The computational complexity, properties, detection performance and representation errors are analyzed for this new distribution. Comparisons with three other popular methods, Radon-Wigner transform (RWT), Radon-Ambiguity transform (RAT), and fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) are performed. With several numerical examples, our distribution is demonstrated to be a CFCR representation that is computed without using any searching operation. The main significance of the LVD is to convert a 1-D LFM into a 2-D single-frequency signal. One of the most important applications of the LVD is to generate a new TF representation, called inverse LVD (ILVD), and a new ambiguity function, called Lv's ambiguity function (LVAF), both of which may break through the tradeoff between resolution and cross terms.
Near Field Communication in the development of ubiquitous games (2010)

This paper presents the use of Near Field Communication and mobile technologies for the development of ubiquitous games. We describe all the components necessary for the building of ubiquitous games: the MIDlet or program running on the mobile phone with NFC features, the services available in the back-end system in charge of the game control and the tool devoted to real-time surveillance and visualization of the game and players state. Also we show the advantages of NFC for the development of ubiquitous games, thanks to the existence of standards and Java APIs for easy development, standardization and integrated use of different communications technologies and the secure management of information and communications.
Commentary (Monaco/Smith): Are Cancer Patients Subject to Employment Discrimination? (1995)

We commend the authors for an earnest, if tentative and incomplete, acknowledgment that information on discrimination in the initial or continued employment of cancer patients and survivors after enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) needs to be gathered and reported. This subject requires the type of in-depth study with which oncologists are familiar and which characterized follow-up of employment discrimination prior to enactment of the ADA [1-3].
Electrodynamics of the inner magnetosphere observed in the dusk sector by CRRES and DMSP during the magnetic storm of June 4–6, 1991 (1998)

We compare equatorward/earthward boundaries of convection electric fields and auroral/plasma sheet electrons detected by the DMSP F8 and CRRES satellites during the June 1991 magnetic storm. Measurements come from the dusk magnetic local time sector where the ring current penetrates closest to the Earth. The storm was triggered by a rapid increase in the solar wind dynamic pressure accompanied by a southward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Satellite data show the following: (1) All particle and field boundaries moved equatorward/earthward during the initial phase, probably in response to the strong southward IMF turning. (2) Electric field boundaries were either at lower magnetic L shells or close to the inner edge of ring current ions throughout the main and early recovery phases. Penetration earthward of the ring current occurred twice as the polar cap potential increased rapidly. (3) Electric potentials at subauroral latitudes were large fractions of the total potentials in the afternoon cell, twice exceeding 60 kV. (4) The boundaries of auroral electron precipitation were more variable than those of electric fields and mapped to lower L shells than where CRRES encountered plasma sheet electrons. Observations qualitatvely agree with predictions of empirical models for auroral electron and electric field boundaries.
Democratizing Production-Scale Distributed Deep Learning (2018)

The interest and demand for training deep neural networks have been experiencing rapid growth, spanning a wide range of applications in both academia and industry. However, training them distributed and at scale remains difficult due to the complex ecosystem of tools and hardware involved. One consequence is that the responsibility of orchestrating these complex components is often left to one-off scripts and glue code customized for specific problems. To address these restrictions, we introduce \emph{Alchemist} - an internal service built at Apple from the ground up for \emph{easy}, \emph{fast}, and \emph{scalable} distributed training. We discuss its design, implementation, and examples of running different flavors of distributed training. We also present case studies of its internal adoption in the development of autonomous systems, where training times have been reduced by 10x to keep up with the ever-growing data collection.
Computational proofreading of the Croatian lexicon (2002)

The design of a spelling checker for a highly inflected language is commonly regarded as a difficult problem. We present an approach to this problem, which is mainly statistically based. The approach was tested on the Croatian language. An unconventional spelling checking tool was developed. The results obtained by performing the most demanding task for any spelling checker, the proofreading of a huge lexicon, point out that this approach could be applicable to many languages.
Thoraco-Abdominal Response and Injury (1980)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This study Investigates the response of human cadavers&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, and live anesthetized and post-mortem primates and canines&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="xref"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, to blunt lateral thoraco-abdominal impact. There were 12 primates: 5 post-mortem and 7 live anesthetized; 10 canines; 1 post-mortem and 9 live anesthetized; and 3 human cadavers.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A 10 kg free-flying mass was used to administer the impact in the right to left direction. To produce the varying degrees of injury, factors including velocity, padding of the impactor surface, location of impact site, and impactor excursion were adjusted. The injuries were evaluated by gross autopsy, and in the case of live subjects, current clinical methods such as sequential peritoneal lavage and biochemical assays were also employed. Mechanical measurements included force time history, intraortic pressure, and high-speed cineradiography to define gross organ motion.&lt;/div&gt;
New Deep Blue Emitting Materials Based on Indenopyrazine Core with High Thermal Stability (2011)

New deep blue emitting materials 2,8-bis(3,5-diphenylphenyl)-6,6,12,12-tetraethyl-6,12-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:1',2'-e]pyrazine (DPP-EPY) and 2,8-bis(3',5'-diphenylbiphenyl-4-yl)-6,6,12,12-tetraethyl-6,12-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:1',2'-e]pyrazine (DPBP-EPY) were synthesized through introduction of m-terphenyl or triphenylbenzene bulky side groups in a new indenopyrazine core. These materials all showed high thermal stability and highly reduced intermolecular interaction. DPP-EPY and DPBP-EPY showed PL maxima of 456 nm and 460 nm in deep blue region and narrow PL spectra with full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 46 nm and 52 nm, respectively. As a result of making non-doped OLED devices using these synthesized materials as emitting layers, DPP-EPY showed EL spectrum of 452 nm, very narrow FWHM of 46 nm, luminance efficiency of 1.04 cd/A with current density of 10 mA/cm2 and CIE coordinate of (0.161, 0.104), creating a deep blue OLED close to the National Television System Committee (NTSC) blue standard.
Fast transients in complex pneumatic circuits (1993)

Fast transients in pneumatic circuits occur frequently (e.g. braking plants, active suspensions, fast actuation of cylinders etc.). Required accuracy in the hundredth of second range can be obtained by simulation, through exact identification of component behaviour and propagative effects. Quite often propagative components are made by a series of short elements, one different from another. Practical difficulty in identification drove us to consider separately their propagative length and fluid resistance. The method presented here describes how such data are obtained, how they are inserted in the global simulation program of the circuit, and how the computed results were validated through comparison with experimental results.
Experience with the SETL Optimizer (1983)

The structure of an existing optimizer for the very high-level, set theoretically oriented programming language SETL is described, and its capabilities are illustrated. The use of novel techniques (supported by state-of-the-art interprocedural program analysis methods) enables the optimizer to accomplish various sophisticated optimizations, the most significant of which are the automatic selection of data representations and the systematic elimination of superfluous copying operations. These techniques allow quite sophisticated data-structure choices to be made automatically.
Oligodendrocytes Remodel the Genomic Fabrics of Functional Pathways in Astrocytes (2020)

We profiled the transcriptomes of primary mouse cortical astrocytes cultured alone or co-cultured with immortalized precursor oligodendrocytes. The experimental set-up (insert systems) prevented formation of gap junction channels but allowed free exchange of the two culture media. The study complements our previously published reports that the genomic fabrics of major functional pathways in oligodendrocytes are substantially remodeled by the proximity of non-touching astrocytes. Here, we present new analysis indicating that the transcriptomic landscape of astrocytes likewise changes significantly in the proximity of non-touching oligodendrocytes. The research was stimulated by the reported transcriptomic similarity between the brains of Cx43KO and Cx32KO mice, both substantially different from that of the Cx36KO mice. Since the three connexins are expressed in different cell types (Cx43 in astrocytes, Cx32 in oligodendrocytes and Cx36 in neurons), altogether these findings support the idea of a &amp;ldquo;panglial transcriptomic syncytium&amp;rdquo; in the mouse brain. Going further, our results suggest that integration in a heterocellular tissue modulates not only the expression profile but also the expression control and networking of the genes in each cell phenotype.
Elevated protein requirements in cirrhosis of the liver investigated by whole body protein turnover studies (1988)

1. In patients with cirrhosis of the liver and in healthy control subjects, the rates of nitrogen flux, protein synthesis and protein breakdown were studied, using a single oral dose of 200 mg of [15N]glycine as a tracer. The nitrogen flux through the amino acid pool was measured separately with both urinary ammonia and urinary urea as end products; the average value was used for further calculations. 2. Subjects were studied in the fed state, both on an adequate and a protein-restricted diet, and also in the fasting state. 3. The rates of protein synthesis were markedly increased in the patients, not only in the fed but also in the fasting state. Protein breakdown rates were increased in the patients in the fed state. 4. The nitrogen balance in steady-state conditions in the fed state was more positive in the patients, while their nitrogen loss in the fasting state was no higher than that of control subjects. 5. A hypothesis is put forward that the high protein requirements of cirrhotic patients could be caused by small and inadequate liver glycogen stores; due to these small stores, gluconeogenesis from amino acids will take place and lead to an extra amino acid loss even during short-term fasting. This increased amino acid loss could explain the elevated protein requirements in cirrhotic patients.
Simulation study of compact quantising circuitsusingmultiple-resonant tunnelling transistors (1998)

The authors have applied a simple modelling approach for multiple resonant tunnelling transistors (mRTTs) which includes four resonant tunnelling diodes (RTDs) within the transistor structure. Unique features of this model, corresponding to device features compatible for integrated circuits, allow for tuning and matching the devices for optimum circuit performance. Two circuits are presented for analogue to quaternary conversion with analysis of their transfer characteristics; this analysis is consistent with the simulation results and implies that circuits of physical devices may be successfully implemented.
Influence of pH on Kinetics of Comminution of Quartz (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of pH on Kinetics of Comminution of QuartzP. Halasyamani, S. Venkatachalam, and R. MallikarjunanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1968, 7, 1, 79–83Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260025a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i260025a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Increase of laminin 5 synthesis in human keratinocytes by acute wound fluid, inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and lysophospholipids (2004)

Laminin 5 synthesis in human keratinocytes was augmented by inflammatory cytokines and growth factors such as TGF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha, and lysophospholipids such as S1P, LPA and LPCs, which are supposed to be present in acute wound fluid. The increased laminin 5 protein in the wound area presumably enhances wound repair by stimulating adhesion and migration of keratinocytes on the wound bed and by facilitating basement membrane formation at the dermal-epidermal junction.
Anticomplementary activity of IVIG concentrates - important assay parameters and impact of IgG polymers (2009)

It was shown that suitable complement batches have to be identified in a screening procedure. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that IgG polymers formed in the neutral pH range during heat treatment were potential ACA inducing compounds. Manufacturing the IVIG preparations under acidic conditions may help to avoid the formation of those ACA active polymers. Thus, intensive analysis of ACA during process development and validation is recommended.
" Caractérisation de papiers pour une application radio en électronique imprimée " (2012)

National audience
Simultaneous reception of visible light communication and optical energy using a solar cell receiver (2013)

We propose and demonstrate a technique to use a solar cell as a simultaneous receiver of visible light communication (VLC) and optical energy. We investigate the characteristic of a solar cell and demonstrate that a solar cell can receive low-frequency VLC signals and optical energy from sunlight simultaneously. We also investigate the effect of sunlight interference on the VLC performance. By using these results, a VLC using a solar cell as a receiver can be implemented without a photodiode receiver and power supplies. This technique enables us to implement an eco-friendly VLC system.
Role of Arf GTPases in fungal morphogenesis and virulence (2017)

Virulence of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans depends on the switch from budding to filamentous growth, which requires sustained membrane traffic and polarized growth. In many organisms, small GTPases of the Arf (ADP-ribosylation factor) family regulate membrane/protein trafficking, yet little is known about their role in fungal filamentous growth. To investigate these GTPases in C. albicans, we generated loss of function mutants in all 3 Arf proteins, Arf1-Arf3, and 2 Arf-like proteins, Arl1 and Arl3. Our results indicate that of these proteins, Arf2 is required for viability and sensitivity to antifungal drugs. Repressible ARF2 expression results in defects in filamentous growth, cell wall integrity and virulence, likely due to alteration of the Golgi. Arl1 is also required for invasive filamentous growth and, although arl1/arl1 cells can initiate hyphal growth, hyphae are substantially shorter than that of the wild-type, due to the inability of this mutant to maintain hyphal growth at a single site. We show that this defect does not result from an alteration of phospholipid distribution and is unlikely to result from the sole Golgin Imh1 mislocalization, as Imh1 is not required for invasive filamentous growth. Rather, our results suggest that the arl1/arl1 hyphal growth defect results from increased secretion in this mutant. Strikingly, the arl1/arl1 mutant is drastically reduced in virulence during oropharyngeal candidiasis. Together, our results highlight the importance of Arl1 and Arf2 as key regulators of hyphal growth and virulence in C. albicans and identify a unique function of Arl1 in secretion.
Arithmetic coding revisited (1998)

Over the last decade, arithmetic coding has emerged as an important compression tool. It is now the method of choice for adaptive coding on myltisymbol alphabets because of its speed, low storage requirements, and effectiveness of compression. This article describes a new implementation of arithmetic coding that incorporates several improvements over a widely used earlier version by Witten, Neal, and Cleary, which has become a de facto standard. These improvements include fewer multiplicative operations, greatly extended range of alphabet sizes and symbol probabilities, and the use of low-precision arithmetic, permitting implementation by fast shift/add operations. We also describe a modular structure that separates the coding, modeling, and probability estimation components of a compression system. To motivate the improved coder, we consider the needs of a word-based text compression program. We report a range of experimental results using this and other models. Complete source code is available.
The black paper of quantum cryptography: real implementation problems (2009)

The laws of physics play a crucial role in the security of quantum key distribution (QKD). This fact has often been misunderstood as if the security of QKD would be based only on the laws of physics. As the experts know well, things are more subtle. We review the progresses in practical QKD focusing on (I) the elements of trust that are common to classical and quantum implementations of key distribution; and (II) some threats to security that have been highlighted recently, none of which is unredeemable (i.e., in principle QKD can be made secure). This leads us to guess that the field, similar to non-quantum modern cryptography, is going to split in two directions: those who pursue practical devices may have to moderate their security claims; those who pursue ultimate security may have to suspend their claims of usefulness.
TABLE 1 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Patient characteristics in Moffitt cohort&lt;/p&gt;