gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can we cure patients with abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor? Results of a retrospective multicentric study on 100 patients (2018)

Background: Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor (DSRCT) is a rare peritoneal disease affecting children and young adults. Despite a very poor prognosis, long-term survivors have been reported. the aim of the study is to identify in a nation-wide survey patients with a prolonged survival after DSRCT diagnosis and to identify factors associated with a cure. Methods: All consecutive patients treated for DSRCT in 9 French expert centers between 1991 and 2018 were identified and retrospectively analyzed. Patients with a follow-up of less than 2 years were excluded from the analysis. Cure was defined as a disease-free survival of at least 5 years. Results: 100 pts were identified (median age 25, 89% male). 27 had distant metastases at diagnosis. 80 pts underwent upfront chemotherapy and 51 pts were subsequently operated. 20 pts went directly to surgery. Surgery was macroscopically complete (CC0/1) in 50 pts. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy was associated to surgery in 17 pts. 54 pts had postoperative chemotherapy and 26 pts had postoperative whole abdomino-pelvic RT (WAP-RT). After a median follow-up of 124 months (range 23-311), the median overall survival (OS) was 25 months. 1- year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 90%, 35% and 4% respectively. 7 patients were considered cured after a median disease-free interval of 100 months (range 22-139). Predictive factor of cure were female sex (HR = 4.46, p = 0.005), median PCI<12 (HR = 4.53, p = 0.005), MD Anderson stage I (HR = 3.97, p = 0.003), CC0/1 (HR = 2.17, p = 0.05) and WAP-RT (HR = 3.41; p = 0.003). Neither Hyperthemic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) nor early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) did increase the rate of cure. Conclusions: Cure in DSRCT is possible in 7% of patients and is best achieved combining systemic chemotherapy, complete cytoreductive surgery and WAP-RT. Targeted treatments are urgently needed. Legal entity responsible for the study: Gustave Roussy. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
A ‘turbulent spot’ in an axisymmetric free shear layer. Part 1 (1980)

A three-dimensional ‘turbulent spot’ has been induced in the axisymmetric free mixing layer of a 12.7 cm diameter air jet by a spark generated at the nozzle boundary layer upstream of the exit. The spot coherent-structure signature, buried in the large-amplitude random fluctuating signal, has been educed at three downstream stations within the apparent self-preserving region of the mixing layer (i.e. x / D = 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5) at the jet exit speed of 20 ms −1 . The eduction has been performed through digital phase averaging of the spot signature from 200 realizations. In order to reduce the effect of the turbulence-induced jitter on the phase average, individual filtered signal arrays were optimally time-aligned through an iterative process of cross-correlation of each realization with the ensemble average. Further signal enhancement was achieved through rejection of realizations requiring excessive time shifts for alignment. The number of iterations required and the fraction of realizations rejected progressively increase with the downstream distance and the radial position. The mixing-layer spot is a large-scale elongated structure spanning the entire width of the layer but does not appear to exhibit a self-similar shape. The dynamics of the mixing-layer spot and its eduction are more complicated than those of the boundary-layer spot. The spot initially moves downstream essentially at a uniform speed across the mixing layer, but further downstream it accelerates on the high-speed side and decelerates on the low-speed side. This paper discusses the data acquisition and processing techniques and the results based on the streamwise velocity signals. Phase average distributions of vorticity, pseudo-streamlines, coherent and background Reynolds stresses and further dynamics of the spot are presented in part 2 (Hussain, Kleis &amp; Sokolov 1980).
Efficient Cryptographic Primitives for Private Data Mining (2010)

Data mining is frequently obstructed by privacy concerns. In many cases data is distributed, and bringing the data together in one place for analysis is not possible due to privacy laws (e.g. HIPAA) or policies. Privacy preserving data mining techniques have been developed to address this issue by providing mechanisms to mine the data while giving certain privacy guarantees. However, when these techniques are built on cryptographic primitives, while providing strong privacy, they are often too inefficient to be used in practical settings. To this end, we address the problem of efficiency by investigating trade-offs that can be made in the trust model. By making reasonable concessions in the trust model, that is, by adding a non-collaborative third party, we can achieve great gains in efficiency. We show this by creating a novel protocol for privately computing dot product, a foundational primitive for many private data mining activities. We also investigate how to extend our protocol in the case when a third party cannot be completely trusted by both participating parties, thus reducing the amount of trust needed in the third party. We then show experimentally the gains in efficiency that can be realized in the computation of the private dot product using this model.
General Functional Connectivity: shared features of resting-state and task fMRI drive reliable and heritable individual differences in functional brain networks (2018)

Abstract Intrinsic connectivity, measured using resting-state fMRI, has emerged as a fundamental tool in the study of the human brain. However, due to practical limitations, many studies do not collect enough resting-state data to generate reliable measures of intrinsic connectivity necessary for studying individual differences. Here we present general functional connectivity (GFC) as a method for leveraging shared features across resting-state and task fMRI and demonstrate in the Human Connectome Project and the Dunedin Study that GFC offers better test-retest reliability than intrinsic connectivity estimated from the same amount of resting-state data alone. Furthermore, at equivalent scan lengths, GFC displays higher heritability on average than resting-state functional connectivity. We also show that predictions of cognitive ability from GFC generalize across datasets, performing as well or better than resting-state or task data alone. Collectively, our work suggests that GFC can improve the reliability of intrinsic connectivity estimates in existing datasets and, subsequently, the opportunity to identify meaningful correlates of individual differences in behavior. Given that task and resting-state data are often collected together, many researchers can immediately derive more reliable measures of intrinsic connectivity through the adoption of GFC rather than solely using resting-state data. Moreover, by better capturing heritable variation in intrinsic connectivity, GFC represents a novel endophenotype with broad applications in clinical neuroscience and biomarker discovery.
Dose‐Escalation with Overdose Control (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Escalation with overdose control design Adjusting for covariates Choice of prior distributions Concluding remarks References
Incoherent collisions between two-dimensional bright steady-state photorefractive spatial screening solitons (1996)

We report the observation of incoherent collisions between two-dimensional bright photorefractive screening solitons. The solitons remain intact and do not exchange energy whenever the collision angle exceeds thecritical angle for guidance in the waveguide that each soliton induces, which is, in turn, fully controlled by the soliton parameters. When the collision angle is much smaller than the critical angle the solitons fuse to form a single beam.
Specifying and Verifying Hysteresis Signature System with HOL-Z (2005)

We report on a case-study in using the data-oriented modeling language Z to formalize a security architecture for administering digital signatures and its architectural security requirements.Within an embedding of Z in the higher-order logic Isabelle/HOL, we provide formal machine-checked proofs of the correctness of the architecture with respect to its requirements.A formalization and verification of the same architecture has been previously carried out using the process-oriented modeling language PROMELA and the SPIN model checker.We use this as a basis for comparing these two different approaches to formalization (infinite state with rich data types versus finite state) and verification (theorem proving versus model checking).
Design and Evaluation of MPI File Domain Partitioning Methods under Extent-Based File Locking Protocol (2010)

MPI collective I/O has been an effective method for parallel shared-file access and maintaining the canonical orders of structured data in files. Its implementation commonly uses a two-phase I/O strategy that partitions a file into disjoint file domains, assigns each domain to a unique process, redistributes the I/O data based on their locations in the domains, and has each process perform I/O for the assigned domain. The partitioning quality determines the maximal performance achievable by the underlying file system, as the shared-file I/O has long been impeded by the cost of file system's data consistency control, particularly due to the conflicted locks. This paper proposes a few file domain partitioning methods designed to reduce lock conflicts under the extent-based file locking protocol. Experiments from four I/O benchmarks on the IBM GPFS and Lustre parallel file systems show that the partitioning method producing minimum lock conflicts wins the highest performance. The benefit of removing conflicted locks can be so significant that more than thirty times of write bandwidth differences are observed between the best and worst methods.
Nonflammable Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries Based on a Fluorinated Phosphate (2002)

In this work we demonstrate that the fluorination of alkyl substituents on phosphate can reduce the viscosity, enhance flame-retarding efficiency, and increase electrochemical stability of the cosolvents. Therefore the new flame retardant can be used at a concentration greater than 20% in the electrolyte, as a cosolvent, in order to formulate a completely nonflammable electrolyte that works in lithium-ion cells. This new electrolyte formulation not only increases the safety feature of the lithium-ion battery, while maintaining the capacity utilization and rate capability, but also improves the capacity retention of the cell. The trade-off between electrolyte nonflammability and performance in the cell is thus alleviated by the introduction of fluorine in the structure of the flame retardants. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Characterization of Mechanically Stressed Multi-Mode Fiber Channels (2019)

The profound understanding of time-variance in an intensity modulation and direct detection system is required for the transmitter and receiver design. In this contribution, two methods for analyzing this time-variance are studied when transmitting through an multi-mode fiber (MMF) channel in conjunction with mode-selective launching. The first method involves the camera-based measurement of the near field intensity profile at the MMF end-face. Secondly, a repeated measurement of the channel's impulse response is performed using a least squares channel estimation. By introducing a vibration to the MMF it is shown that both methods are able to detect these frequencies and their occurring harmonics when calculating the Doppler spectrum. However, compared to the DC component the vibration frequency amplitudes are negligibly small. Therefore, the channel can be assumed as time-invariant in the measured span of a few seconds, benefiting decision-aided adaptive signal processing.
Pregnancy Hypertension and a Commonly Inherited IGF1R Variant (rs2016347) Reduce Breast Cancer Risk by Enhancing Mammary Gland Involution (2019)

The observed statistically significant decrease in TDLU counts signifies increased breast epithelial involution in women with prior HDP who inherited the TT genotype of IGF1R SNP rs2016347. The increasing degree of breast involution with greater rs2016347 T allele copy number is consistent with the known progressive reduction in IGF1R expression in breast and other normal tissues.
Workforce Development in Maryland to Promote Clinical-Community Connections that Advance Payment and Delivery Reform (2014)

Promoting clinical-community linkages is at the heart of Maryland's efforts systematically to transform health care delivery, with community health workers (CHW) playing a central role. This article describes how Maryland is using the evidence-base on CHW effectiveness and training to develop a workforce capable of most effectively connecting communities with care.
<title>Distributed SLAM</title> (2002)

Previously, we have developed techniques for Simultaneous Localization and Map Building based on the augmented state Kalman filter. Here we report the results of experiments conducted over multiple vehicles each equipped with a laser range finder for sensing the external environment, and a laser tracking system to provide highly accurate ground truth. The goal is simultaneously to build a map of an unknown environment and to use that map to navigate a vehicle that otherwise would have no way of knowing its location, and to distribute this process over several vehicles. We have constructed an on-line, distributed implementation to demonstrate the principle. In this paper we describe the system architecture, the nature of the experimental set up, and the results obtained. These are compared with the estimated ground truth. We show that distributed SLAM has a clear advantage in the sense that it offers a potential super-linear speed-up over single vehicle SLAM. In particular, we explore the time taken to achieve a given quality of map, and consider the repeatability and accuracy of the method. Finally, we discuss some practical implementation issues.
DNA-attacking ability of carcinogenic mycotoxins in recombination-deficient mutant cells of Bacillus subtilis. (1976)

Thirty mycotoxins and 5 chemically modified toxins were tested for DNA-attacking ability in the rec assay using the recombination-deficient mutant of Bacillus subtilis M45 (rec-) and the parent strain H17 (rec+). Six Penicillium toxins (citrinin, penicillic acid, patulin, (-)-luteoskyrin, (+)-rugulosin, and PR-toxin), 5 Aspergillus toxins (aflatoxins B1 and G1, sterigmatocystin, O-acetylsterigmatocystin, and O-acetyldihydrosterigmatocystin), and 2 Fusarium toxins (zearalenone and zearalenol-b) were positive. Among these 13 compounds, the following 8 mycotoxins have been reported to be carcinogenic in animals: citrinin, penicillic acid, patulin, (-)-luteoskyrin, (+)-rugulosin, aflatoxins B1, and G1, sterigmatocystin. Correlation between the rec effect and in vivo carcinogenicity of mycotoxins is discussed.
A Review of Plasma Exchange in Sepsis (2002)

Plasma exchange remains an intuitively attractive but unproven therapy in sepsis. More controlled clinical trials are needed.
HIV-1 X4 Activities of Polycationic “Viologen” Based Dendrimers by Interaction with the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4: Study of Structure–Activity Relationship (2012)

A series of "viologen" based dendrimers with polycationic scaffold carrying 10, 18, 26, 42, and 90 charges per molecule were used to determine the structure-activity relationship (SAR) with regard to HIV-1 inhibitory activity. The studies involved five compounds with a high activity against HIV-1 already utilized in our previous study (1) and five new dendrimers. Such dendrimers block HIV-1 entry into the cell, indicating that they bind to HIV-1 surface proteins and/or on the host cell receptors required for entry. The increasing positive character of dendrimers leads to more cytotoxicity. The 10 charges dendrimers (1, 6) have less influence on the cell viability but low inhibition of the binding of the CXCR4 mAb clone 1D9. Thus, dendrimers with 18 charges (2, 7) are the most promising CXCR4 imaging probes. We report the design, synthesis, and biological activity of new HIV-1 inhibitors that are conceptually distinct from those of the existing HIV-1 inhibitors.
Resorcinarene bis-crown silver complexes and their application as antibacterial Langmuir–Blodgett films (2012)

Silver complexes of a cation binding supramolecular host, resorcinarene bis-crown (CNBC5) with propyl, nonyl, decyl and undecyl alkyl chains were investigated by NMR titration, picrate extraction and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Binding studies showed that both 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 (host-Ag(+)) complexes are present in solution with only a slight effect of the lower rim alkyl chain length on the binding constants (log K 4.0-4.2 for 1 : 2 complexes). Solid state complexes of the resorcinarene bis-crowns bearing either C(3) or C(11) chains were obtained. Single crystal X-ray analyses showed that both derivatives bind silver ions by metal-arene and Ag···O coordination from the crown ether bridges and from the solvent, and pack in layered or bilayered fashion. Furthermore, the amphiphilic nature of C11BC5 was demonstrated using the Langmuir balance technique. Langmuir-Blodgett films of the amphiphilic C11BC5-Ag complex were transferred onto a substrate and shown to possess antibacterial activity against E. coli.
4 Riboswitches and the RNA World (2006)

Aptamers are RNA or DNA molecules that fold into higher-ordered structures and form complexes with specific ligands. Typically, we think of an aptamer as an engineered molecule that was created to bind its target ligand by using a directed evolution process (Ellington and Szostak 1990; Tuerk and Gold 1990). More recently, natural examples of aptamers that bind small molecules have been found as part of RNA genetic control elements called riboswitches (Mandal and Breaker 2004a; Nudler and Mironov 2004). Both engineered aptamers and riboswitch aptamers show high affinity and selective binding of targets, properties that were once assumed only to be manifest by proteins. The initial descriptions of engineered aptamers were striking for two reasons. First, they provided fresh demonstrations that nucleic acids could be subjected to Darwinian evolution in a test tube. Second, these along with the many reports that followed helped prove that nucleic acids have an enormous untapped potential for forming complex shapes, and that many different molecules could be selectively recognized by RNA and DNA (Gold et al. 1995; Osborne and Ellington 1997). Furthermore, these findings fit well with more robust versions of the RNA World theory (Woese 1967; Crick 1968; Orgel 1968; Gilbert 1986), which holds that aptamers might have existed alongside a diversity of ribozymes to allow early life forms to attain a complex metabolic state long before proteins had emerged (Benner et al. 1989; Hirao and Ellington 1995). The recent discoveries of riboswitches in bacteria that selectively respond to fundamental metabolites provide researchers...
Mechanically driven SMR-based NEMS magnetoelectric antennas (2021)

Abstract Mechanically driven magnetoelectric (ME) antennas have been demonstrated to be one of the most effective methods to miniaturise antennas compared to state-of-the-art compact antennas. However, the nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) ME antennas are fragile due to their suspended thin-film heterostructure, and have very low power handling capabilities. Here we show that solidly mounted resonator (SMR)-based NEMS ME antennas on a Bragg acoustic resonator, which have a circular resonating disk of 200 μm diameters and operate at 1.75 GHz, show a high antenna gain of -18.8 dBi and 1dB compression point (P1dB) of 30.4 dBm. Compared to same-size thin-film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) ME antennas with a free-standing membrane, the SMR-based antennas are much more structurally stable with 23.3 dB higher power handling capability and easier fabrication steps. These SMR-based ME antennas are fabricated with processes compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), exhibiting dramatic size miniaturisation, high power handling, high mechanical robustness, simple fabrication processes, and much higher antenna radiation gain compared to same-size state-of-the-art antennas.
A channel access scheme for Bluetooth low energy to support delay-sensitive applications (2016)

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is one of the promising technologies to enable Internet of Things. Many potential BLE applications are delay-sensitive which demand a fast data delivery. However, since BLE coexist with other technologies such as WiFi, ZigBee, microwave, the BLE may experience severe interference. The interference can cause the BLE connection event to be unexpectedly closed which forces the device to enter sleep mode even though there is more data to be sent. This negatively affects the performance of the BLE in terms of transmission delay which makes the BLE not suitable for delay-sensitive applications. To address this issue, we propose an extension of channel access scheme of the BLE in connection state. The proposed scheme is based on the listen-before-talk mechanism where the device should sense the channel before using it. By using Markov analysis, several performance measures are derived. Through numerical result, we show that the proposed channel access scheme can reduce the average transmission delay.