gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct inhibition of myosin II effectively blocks glioma invasion in the presence of multiple motogens (2012)

Anaplastic gliomas, the most common and malignant of primary brain tumors, frequently contain activating mutations and amplifications in promigratory signal transduction pathways. However, targeting these pathways with individual signal transduction inhibitors does not appreciably reduce tumor invasion, because these pathways are redundant; blockade of any one pathway can be overcome by stimulation of another. This implies that a more effective approach would be to target a component at which these pathways converge. In this study, we have investigated whether the molecular motor myosin II represents such a target by examining glioma invasion in a series of increasingly complex models that are sensitive to platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, or both. Our results lead to two conclusions. First, malignant glioma cells are stimulated to invade brain through the activation of multiple signaling cascades not accounted for in simple in vitro assays. Second, even though there is a high degree of redundancy in promigratory signaling cascades in gliomas, blocking tumor invasion by directly targeting myosin II remains effective. Our results thus support our hypothesis that myosin II represents a point of convergence for signal transduction pathways that drive glioma invasion and that its inhibition cannot be overcome by other motility mechanisms.
Role of Amphiphysin II in Somatostatin Receptor Trafficking in Neuroendocrine Cells (2004)

Amphiphysins are SH3 domain-containing proteins thought to function in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. To investigate the potential role of amphiphysin II in cellular trafficking of G protein-coupled somatostatin (SRIF) receptors, we generated an AtT-20 cell line stably overexpressing amphiphysin IIb, a splice variant that does not bind clathrin. Endocytosis of (125)I-[d-Trp(8)]SRIF was not affected by amphiphysin IIb overexpression. However, the maximal binding capacity (B(max)) of the ligand on intact cells was significantly lower in amphiphysin IIb overexpressing than in non-transfected cells. This difference was no longer apparent when the experiments were performed on crude cell homogenates, suggesting that amphiphysin IIb overexpression interferes with SRIF receptor targeting to the cell surface and not with receptor synthesis. Accordingly, immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated that, in amphiphysin overexpressing cells, sst(2A) and sst(5) receptors were segregated in a juxtanuclear compartment identified as the trans-Golgi network. Amphiphysin IIb overexpression had no effect on corticotrophin-releasing factor 41-stimulated adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion, suggesting that it is not involved in the regulated secretory pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that amphiphysin II is not necessary for SRIF receptor endocytosis but is critical for its constitutive targeting to the plasma membrane. Therefore, amphiphysin IIb may be an important component of the constitutive secretory pathway.
Studies on the biosynthesis of violacein. part I Biosynthesis of violacein : A novel rearrangement in tryptophan metabolism with a 1,2-shift of the indole ring. (1987)

A number of studies have been reported on the blue pigment, violacein, and its producing bacterium, Chromobdcteriumviolaceum, since its discovery in 1882.1} Violacein possesses antibiotic activities against various microorganisms.2) Its chemical structure was proposed by a series of degradation studies, and was ascertained by chemical synthesis in 1958.3)" The structure consists of three units, i.e., the 5-hydroxyindole, oxindole and 2-pyrrolidone moieties. Someinvestigations on the biosynthesis of vialacein have appeared; by tracer experiments with various 14C-labeled compounds, it has been demonstrated that l-8 V* r=oh,violacein r=h, deoxyviolacein
Poly(ferrocenylazomethines) (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(ferrocenylazomethines)Eberhard W. Neuse, Harold Rosenberg, and Robert R. CarlenCite this: Macromolecules 1968, 1, 5, 424–430Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60005a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (780 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Molecular Assessment of Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 Infection in Tumor-Free Green (Chelonia mydas) and Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) Sea Turtles in North Carolina, USA, 2015–2019 (2020)

Fibropapillomatosis is associated with chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) and tumor formation in sea turtles. We collected blood samples from 113 green (<i>Chelonia mydas</i>) and 112 loggerhead (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) turtles without fibropapillomatosis, including 46 free-ranging turtles (20 green turtles, 26 loggerheads), captured in Core Sound, North Carolina, and 179 turtles (93 green turtles, 86 loggerheads) in rehabilitative care in North Carolina. Blood samples were analyzed for ChHV5 DNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and for antibodies to ChHV5 peptides using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). None of the samples from foraging turtles tested positive for ChHV5 by qPCR; ELISA was not used for foraging turtles. Samples from 18/179 (10.1%) rehabilitating turtles tested positive for ChHV5 using qPCR, and 32/56 (57.1%) rehabilitating turtles tested positive for antibodies to ChHV5 using ELISA. Five turtles that tested positive by qPCR or ELISA at admission converted to being undetectable during rehabilitation, and five that initially tested negative converted to being positive. Both sea turtle species were significantly more likely to test positive for ChHV5 using ELISA than with qPCR (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was no difference in the proportions of green turtles versus loggerheads that tested positive for ChHV5 using qPCR, but loggerheads were significantly more likely than green turtles to test positive for ChHV5 using ELISA. This finding suggests that loggerheads infected with ChHV5 at some point in their life may be more able than green turtles to mount an effective immune response against recrudescent infection, pointing to species-specific genetic differences in the two species' immune response to ChHV5 infection. This is the first study to analyze antibodies to ChHV5 in loggerhead turtles and represents the most complete dataset on ChHV5 DNA detection in sea turtles encountered in the more northern latitudes of their western Atlantic habitat.
Atomic-layer-deposited WNxCy thin films as diffusion barrier for copper metallization (2003)

The properties of WNxCy films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using WF6, NH3, and triethyl boron as source gases were characterized as a diffusion barrier for copper metallization. It is noted that the as-deposited film shows an extremely low resistivity of about 350 μΩ cm with a film density of 15.37 g/cm3. The film composition measured from Rutherford backscattering spectrometry shows W, C, and N of ∼48, 32, and 20 at. %, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy analyses show that the as-deposited film is composed of face-centered-cubic phase with a lattice parameter similar to both β-WC1−x and β-W2N with an equiaxed microstructure. The barrier property of this ALD–WNxCy film at a nominal thickness of 12 nm deposited between Cu and Si fails only after annealing at 700 °C for 30 min.
Head excursion of restrained human volunteers and hybrid III dummies in steady state rollover tests. (2003)

Seatbelts provide substantial benefits in rollover crashes, yet occupants still receive head and neck injuries from contacting the vehicle roof interior when the roof exterior strikes the ground. Prior research has evaluated rollover restraint performance utilizing anthropomorphic test devices (dummies), but little dynamic testing has been done with human volunteers to learn how they move during rollovers. In this study, the vertical excursion of the head of restrained dummies and human subjects was measured in a vehicle being rotated about its longitudinal roll axis at roll rates from 180-to-360 deg/sec and under static inversion conditions. The vehicle's restraint design was the commonly used 3-point seatbelt with continuous loop webbing and a sliding latch plate. This paper presents an analysis of the observed occupant motion and provides a comparison of dummy and human motion under similar test conditions. Thirty-five tests (eighteen static and seventeen dynamic) were completed using two different sizes of dummies and human subjects in both near and far-side roll directions. The research indicates that far-side rollovers cause the restrained test subjects to have greater head excursion than near-side rollovers, and that static inversion testing underestimates head excursion for far-side occupants. Human vertical head excursion of up to 200 mm was found at a roll rate of 220 deg/sec. Humans exhibit greater variability in head excursion in comparison to dummies. Transfer of seatbelt webbing through the latch plate did not correlate directly with differences in head excursion.
Cosmetic Formulation Based on an Açai Extract (2018)

(1) Background: Açai berry extract is known for its high content in polyphenols and thus is a promising ingredient for cosmetic antiaging formulations; (2) Methods: In this study, the açai extract was firstly evaluated for its total phenol content (Folin Ciocalteau essay) and antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity—DPPH; radical cation scavenging capacity—ABTS; ferric reducing antioxidant capacity—FRAP). Next, the açai extract was included in an O/W formulation and again was evaluated for its polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. The formulation was tested for general characteristics, physicochemical properties and microbial stability. The proliferative effect on human immortalized fibroblasts was evaluated by the MTT essay, while TAC assay served to confirm that fibroblasts are protected from UV irradiation. The irritant potential was verified on 20 volunteers. The study concluded with the assessment of the sensorial characteristics of the cosmetic formulation; (3) Results: The pure açai extract exhibited high polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, and these characteristics were preserved in the O/W formulation as well. The O/W cosmetic formulation proved to be stable under accelerated and normal conditions, and the preservatives were successful in challenging the resistance against microbial contamination. The mean irritant potential was zero in all volunteers, and the cosmetic formulation showed a good sensorial profile; (4) Conclusions: Açai extract is an interesting ingredient for cosmetic antiaging formulations.
Direct measurement via phage titre of the dissociation constants in solution of fusion phage-substrate complexes (1995)

Studies of interactions between filamentous fusion phage particles and protein or nucleic acid molecules have gained increasing importance with recent successes of screening techniques based upon random phage display libraries (biopanning). Since a number of different phage are usually obtained by biopanning, it is useful to compare quantitatively the binding affinities of individual phage for the substrate used for selection. A procedure is described for determination of relative dissociation constants (KdRel) between filamentous phage carrying peptide fusions to the coat protein gpIII and substrates in solution. This novel method is based on the measurement of phage titres. Phage selected from a random fusion phage library for binding to a monoclonal antibody or a viral structural protein exhibited KdRel values in the nanomolar and micromolar ranges for their respective substrates, thus validating the method over a wide range of binding affinities.
Measurement of residual stresses using local heating and a radial in-plane speckle interferometer (2005)

We present the application of a portable radial in-plane speckle interferometer to the measurement of residual stresses when local heating is used as a stress relaxation technique. We also present a numerical method to calculate the residual stresses from the radial in-plane displacement field that is measured subsequent to the heating and cooling of the interrogated spot. A finite element analysis of the thermomechanical response of the specimen under test is performed to adjust the model used for residual stress determination. To evaluate the performance of this technique, results obtained using several preloaded specimens are compared with the stress introduced in them. It is shown that the speckle interferometer and local heating combined system allows the measurement of residual stresses with an average deviation of approximately 7% for a range of uniaxial stresses from 25 up to 75% of the yield stress of the material.
A 15 b 20 MS/s CMOS pipelined ADC with digital background calibration (2004)

A 15 b 20 MS/s CMOS pipelined ADC is fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m dual-gate CMOS technology and achieves 94 dB SFDR and 74 dB SNDR for a 8 MHz input. Digital calibration can proceed continuously in the background to maintain the ADC resolution. The chip occupies an area of 3.3/spl times/3.4 mm/sup 2/ and dissipates 235 mW with 1.8 V and 3.3 V dual supplies.
External current application in a bidomain model of active neural tissue (2015)

The formal treatment of tissue as two coupled continua is referred to as a bidomain model. Bidomain models have recently been used to describe the properties of neural tissue and nerve fiber bundles [1, 2]. By adapting the Hodgkin Huxley equations in COMSOL Multiphysics, we have investigated the propagation of an action potential through neural tissue by external current stimulation.
Capacitance Limits of Activated Carbon Fiber Electrodes in Aqueous Electrolyte (2007)

Phenolic resin-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared by , , steam, , and ferrocene activation. The porosity, surface chemistry, and electric conductivity of ACFs were studied as electric double-layer capacitors in electrolyte. The specific capacitance for ACFs is generally in the range 130– and roughly has a linear relationship with the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area . Among all of the ACFs, (which has a of only and an average pore diameter of , but has the largest amount of hydroxyl carbonyl and quinone groups on the surface) exhibits the maximum value of , indicating that although the capacitance is controlled basically by the , the oxygen groups play a dominant role in the formation of the double layers. The presence of mesopores in ACFs with very high and good electric conductivity is not effective for double-layer capacitors. The number of ions participating in the double layers per surface area unit increases with the decrease of the pore size in the range of 11–; beyond , it is nearly constant. No simple correlation was found between the resistance and the capacitance.
A Keystroke Biometric System Test-Taker Setup and Data Collection (2011)

Pace University’s Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems (CSIS) has developed the Pace Keystroke Biometric System (PKBS), which can be used for both identifying and authenticating users via their typing rhythms and patterns through the monitoring and capturing of keyboard events. It has the capability to recognize with a high degree of accuracy the typing characteristics that are unique to each individual. Pace’s CSIS has been conducting research on this particular form of biometrics for the past eight years. The PKBS consists of three components: the Keystroke Entry System (KES) that collects data over the Internet, the Keystroke Feature Extractor (KFE) that extracts a feature vector from the raw data collected via the KES with the purpose of characterizing the individual’s typing dynamics, and the Keystroke Pattern Classifier (KPC) that is used in the authentication process. This research paper focuses on enhancements to the keystroke entry system to support a real-world application to authenticate students taking online tests.
Chiral Nitroolefins for Enantioselective Reactions (1991)

Nitroolefins are important intermediates in organic synthesis because of their versatile functional group transformations.Their synthetic potential should be greatly enhanced, if they contain a quaternary carbon in optically active form. We have developed a new method for the construction of nitroolefins which meet such requirements. In the reaction of enolates with nitroolefins having a chiral hetero group at the ß-position, the hetero substituent is replaced by a carbon substituent through an addition-elimination process. The scope, limitations, and the mechanism for the asymmetric induction are discussed. 1. Introduction 2. Synthesis and Reactivity of ß-Heterosubstituted Nitroolefins 2.1. Nitro Enamines 2.2. ß-Nitrovinyl Sulfides and Sulfoxides 3. Asymmetric Syntheses with Chiral Nitroolefins 3.1. Construction of Chiral Quaternary Carbon Centers Through an Addition-Elimination Process with Chiral Nitro Enamines 3.2. Enantioselective Reactions with Chiral ß-Nitrovinyl Sulfoxides 4. Conclusions
Feedback stabilization of transition boiling states (2010)

A nonlinear one-dimensional heat-transfer model for pool boiling systems is considered. The model involves only the temperature distribution within the heater and models the heat exchange with the boiling medium via a nonlinear boundary condition imposed at the fluid-heater interface. This compact model is employed for the design and analysis of a control strategy for the stabilization of unstable states in order to improve cooling applications based on boiling heat transfer. Therefore, a state feedback controller is implemented that regulates the heat supply as a function of the system's internal state. Simulations of the nonlinear closed-loop system expose the state feedback controller as a viable option for the rapid stabilization and regulation of pool boiling systems at an unstable equilibrium point.
How does target lesion selection affect RECIST? A computer simulation study (2022)

Abstract RECIST is grounded on the assumption that target lesion selection is objective and representative of the change in total tumor burden during therapy. A computer simulation model was designed to challenge this assumption, focusing on a particular aspect of subjectivity: target lesion selection. Disagreement among readers, and between readers and total tumor burden was analyzed, as a function of the total number of lesions, affected organs, and lesion growth. Disagreement aggravates when the number of lesions increases, when lesions are concentrated on few organs, and when lesion growth borders the thresholds of progressive disease and partial response. An intrinsic methodological error is observed in the estimation of total tumor burden (TTB) via RECIST. In a metastatic setting, RECIST displays a non-linear, unpredictable behavior. Our results demonstrate that RECIST can deliver an accurate estimate of total tumor burden in localized disease, but fails in cases of distal metastases and multiple organ involvement. This is worsened by the “selection of the largest lesions”, which introduce a bias that makes it hardly possible to perform an accurate estimate of the total tumor burden. Including more (if not all) lesions in the quantitative analysis of tumor burden is desirable.
Molecular Machines for Protein Degradation (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The ATP-dependent Protease HslVU HslVU Physiology and Biochemistry HslV Peptidase HslU ATPase The HslVU–Protease Complex Allosteric Activation A Comparison of HslVU with ClpXP and ClpAP HslVU Peptidase as a Model for the Eukaryotic 26S Proteasome? The Yeast 20S Proteasome The Proteasome, a Threonine Protease Inhibiting the Proteasome Access to the Proteolytic Chamber The Tricorn Protease and its Structural and Functional Relationship with Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Architecture of the Tricorn Protease Catalytic Residues and Mechanism Substrate Access and Product Egress Through β-propellers Structural and Functional Relationship of Tricorn and DPIV The DegP Protease Chaperone: A Molecular Cage with Bouncers The DegP Protomer, a PDZ Protease The Two Forms of the DegP Hexamer DegP, a Chaperone The Protease Form Working Model for an ATP-independent Heat-shock Protein
INHIBITION OF HUMAN TELOMERASE BYL-ENANTIOMERS OF NATURAL 2′-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDE 5′-TRIPHOSPHATES (2001)

In order to clarify whether L-enantiomers of natural 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs) are recognized by human telomerase, a quantitative telomerase assay based on the 'stretch PCR' method was developed and used for kinetic analysis. Among the four L-dNTPs, L-dTTP and L-dGTP inhibited telomerase activity and the others showed slight or no inhibitory effect. Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis showed that the inhibition mode L-dGTP was competitive with dGTP.
Nanostructure and Defect Chemistry of Relaxor Ferroelectrics (1988)

Abstract : This report describes an investigation of the microstructure, microchemistry, and dielectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics and structurally related compounds. The emphasis has been on the use of transmission electron microscopy to correlate changes in the composition and processing conditions with changes in microstructure and properties. The report is in three parts that dealt with 1 cation-ordering and microchemical domains in Pb(Sc1/ 2Ta1/2)3 (PST), undoped and La/Na-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)3 (PMN) and Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3) 3 (BZN), 2) micro-polar domains in normal ferroelectrics (BaTi03) and relaxor ferroelectrics (PMN:PT and PZN=:PT), and 3) the effect of a pyrochlore second phase on the dielectric properties of PMN. Keywords: Lead oxides, Magnesium, Niobium Tantalum, Scandium, Barium titanates, Zinc.
Ion trap mass spectrometry as detector for capillary electrochromatography of peptides: Possibilities and limitations (2001)

Capillary electrochromatography has been coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer via a sheath flow electrospray interface. Peptide analysis was performed on 25 cm columns packed with C18-bonded silica particles, and very fast separations were obtained. Full mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detection were evaluated in terms of sensitivity and scanning speed. The separation of seven selected peptides and their detection by MS/MS in selected reaction monitoring mode was demonstrated. The performance of this sheath flow interface also was compared with the previously reported sheathless interface. Despite the loss in sensitivity (20–40-fold), the sheath flow interface was shown to be superior in terms of ruggedness, and allowed the use of higher electric fields to achieve faster analysis times. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Micro Sep 13: 243–249, 2001