gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Structures and Staining Mechanisms of Weigert'S Resorcin-Fuchsin and Related Elastic Fiber Stains (1988)

Chemical properties of Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, orcinol-new fuchsin, Sheridan's crystal violet and their resorcinol-free analogues were investigated using reverse-phase and gel filtration chromatography, electrophoresis, and visible light spectroscopy. Their staining properties were also studied. It was concluded that 1) the staining components of Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, orcinol-new fuchsin and their resorcinol-free analogues are all indamine oligomers, 2) resorcinol is required for the production of Sheridan's crystal violet, the staining components of which consist of crystal violet substituted by varying numbers of resorcinyl substituents, 3) the staining components of all preparations are cationic (i.e., basic) dyes, 4) iron is present in staining solutions as the tetrachloroferrate anion (FeCl4-) and not as Fe or as a dye-chelate, and 5) since even the smallest Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, orcinol-new fuchsin or Sheridan's crystal violet component has a conjugated bond number of 32, the observed staining of elastic fibers is only as expected.
Effect of Aging on Kinetic Parameters of 5α-Reductase in Epithelium and Stroma of Normal and Hyperplastic Human Prostate* (1988)

Altered 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) metabolism and stromal-epithelial cell interactions are two factors hypothesized to explain the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Furthermore, the development of BPH is clearly age dependent. Therefore, we studied the age-dependent alteration of 5 alpha-reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible conversion of testosterone to DHT in epithelium and stroma of the human prostate. For this purpose kinetic parameters [Km Vmax] of 5 alpha-reductase were determined separately in epithelium and stroma of normal prostatic tissue (NPR) from 5 and BPH tissue from 20 men, and the results were correlated with the age of the donors (15-86 yr). The mean Km in epithelium [NPR, 14.3 +/- 1.8 (+/- SE); BPH, 29.5 +/- 2.7 nmol/L] was significantly (P less than 0.0001) lower than that in stroma (NPR, 78.4 +/- 8.5; BPH, 185.8 +/- 13.6 nmol/L). The mean Vmax in epithelium [NPR, 23.8 +/- 3.9 (+/- SE); BPH, 27.9 +/- 3.0 pmol/mg protein.h] was significantly (P less than 0.0001) lower than that in stroma (NPR, 68.3 +/- 4.4; BPH, 173.8 +/- 12.2 pmol/mg protein.h). The DHT-forming index (Vmax/Km) in NPR epithelium [1.6 +/- 0.2 (+/- SE)] was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that in NPR stroma (0.9 +/- 0.1), while in BPH the DHT-forming index was nearly identical in epithelium (1.1 +/- 0.1) and stroma (1.0 +/- 0.1). The Km values in epithelium and stroma both correlated positively (P less than 0.01) with age, but the Vmax values correlated positively with age (P less than 0.0001) only in stroma. The DHT-forming index decreased significantly with age in epithelium (P less than 0.01), but remained constant in stroma. These results indicate that there is a nonuniform age-dependent alteration of Km and Vmax in epithelium and stroma of the human prostate independent of the presence of BPH, which might have an impact on the conversion rate of testosterone to DHT with advancing age.
In conclusion, summarised recommendations for four possible objectives (2010)

The five sections of this report examined the state of our knowledge on various aspects of energy and climate in New Caledonia and the diagnosis establishing the basis for the “New Caledonia 2025” Land Use and Development Plan. Each of these parts is concluded with between four and ten specific recommendations. Here we provide a summary of these recommendations. An expert report conducted over a field as broad as energy in the development of New Caledonia cannot provide a “turnkey” action pla...
Strong attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and increased replication of the BA.5 subvariant in human cardiomyocytes (2022)

Since its first description in South Africa in November 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant rapidly outcompeted the previously dominating Delta variant. Omicron is the fifth variant of concern (VOC). It contains an unusually high number of mutations compared to previous VOCs, especially in the viral Spike protein, and shows high transmissibility and efficient escape of neutralizing antibodies. Due to these characteristics, it received this designation much faster than the four previous VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. However, the original BA.1 Omicron variant seems to be less pathogenic than early SARS-CoV-2 strains and other VOCs. While SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects the respiratory tract, Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a multi-organ disease, and patients show infection and disorders in the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Thus, the ability of the various SARS-CoV-2 variants to infect and propagate in different cell types and organs clearly plays a key role in viral pathogenicity. Especially, cardiomyocytes express high levels of the primary SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and are highly permissive for viral replication.
Expression of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptors in Human Prostate Cancer (1998)

We studied the expression and function of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor in the human prostate carcinoma cell line LNCaP and looked for its presence in normal and neoplastic human prostatic tissue. The GM-CSF receptor is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta. While the isolated alpha subunit binds GM-CSF at low-affinity, the isolated beta subunit does not bind GM-CSF by itself; but complexes with the alpha subunit to form a high-affinity receptor. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed expression of mRNAs encoding the alpha and beta subunits of the GM-CSF receptor in LNCaP cells, and the presence of the alpha and beta proteins was confirmed by immunolocalization with anti-alpha and anti-beta antibodies. Receptor binding studies using radiolabeled GM-CSF showed that LNCaP cells have about 150 high-affinity sites with a kd of 40 pmol/L and approximately 750 low-affinity sites with a kd of 2 nmol/L. GM-CSF signaled, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, for protein tyrosine phosphorylation and induced the proliferation of the LNCaP cells. Immunolocalization studies showed low level expression of GM-CSF alpha and beta subunits in normal prostate tissue, with substantial expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prominent expression in neoplastic prostate tissue. Maximal expression of both subunits was observed in prostatic carcinomas metastatic to lymph node and bone. Tumor cells that stained positively with anti-alpha subunit antibodies were also reactive with anti-beta subunit antibodies, indicating that they express high-affinity GM-CSF receptors. Our data show that the LNCaP cells express functional GM-CSF receptors and that prostatic carcinomas have prominent GM-CSF receptor expression. These findings imply that both hyperplastic and neoplastic prostatic tissues may be responsive to GM-CSF.
Characterization of a feruloyl esterase B from Talaromyces cellulolyticus (2015)

A feruloyl esterase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl (feruloyl) group from esterified sugars in plant cell walls. Talaromyces cellulolyticus is a high cellulolytic-enzyme producing fungus. However, there is no report for feruloyl esterase activity of T. cellulolyticus. Analysis of the genome database of T. cellulolyticus identified a gene encoding a putative feruloyl esterase B. The recombinant enzyme was prepared using a T. cellulolyticus homologous expression system and characterized. The purified enzyme exhibited hydrolytic activity toward p-nitrophenyl acetate, p-nitrophenyl trans-ferulate, methyl ferulate, rice husk, and bagasse. HPLC assays showed that the enzyme released ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid from hydrothermal-treated rice husk and bagasse. Trichoderma sp. is well-known high cellulolytic-enzyme producing fungus useful for the lignocellulosic biomass saccharification. Interestingly, no feruloyl esterase has been reported from Trichoderma sp. The results show that this enzyme is expected to be industrially useful for biomass saccharification.
Liver Function in Cats with Hyperthyroidism Before and After 131I Therapy (2007)

Abstract Background: The clinical significance of high serum concentration or activity of markers of liver damage in cats with hyperthyroidism is unknown. Objective: To evaluate serum markers of liver function and damage, and ultrasonographic changes in cats with hyperthyroidism and with high liver enzymes, and to determine if abnormalities resolve after treatment with 131I. Animals: Nineteen cats with hyperthyroidism (15 with high serum activities of liver enzymes) and 4 age-matched healthy control cats. Methods: Serum bile acids, albumin, ammonia, cholesterol, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations, and activities of liver-derived enzymes, and blood glucose concentrations were measured before and after 131I therapy. These values were compared with those of cats that were euthyroid. In addition, gross liver parenchymal changes detected by abdominal ultrasonographic examination, before and after 131I therapy were evaluated. Results: High serum liver enzyme activities were not associated with abnormalities in hepatic parenchyma and liver functional variables, regardless of the degree of increase. Serum liver enzyme activities return to normal after control of hyperthyroidism with 131I therapy. Cats with hyperthyroidism have a significantly higher serum fasting ammonia concentration than cats who were euthyroid (P= .019). Cats with hyperthyroidism also have significantly lower serum cholesterol (P= .005) and glucose (P= .002) concentrations before compared with after 131I therapy. Nine of 19 cats with hyperthyroidism had trace ketonuria. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These results demonstrate that extensive examination for hepatobiliary disease in most cats with hyperthyroidism is unnecessary.
Confirmation by an X-ray crystallography study of a molecular modeling prediction about the coordination scheme of a new (1,4,8,11-(tetra-2-carboxyethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)cerium(III) complex (2000)

The synthesis and characterization of a new cerium(III) complex with the ligand 1,4,8,11-(tetra-2-carboxyethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (TETP), Ce(C 22 N 4 O 8 H 38 )(NO 3 )(H 2 O) 3 · 3 H 2 O, is described. The cerium ion is eight-coordinated, linked to four carboxyl oxygen atoms belonging to four different TETP macrocycles as well as to three solvate water molecules, and to one oxygen atom of a disordered NO 3 - anion. Each asymmetric unit consists of two different half TETP ligands. Each centrosymmetric TETP macrocycle possesses a [3434] conformation, two propionate arms being extended and the others folded towards two protonated nitrogen atoms. The four functionalized chains of the ligand whatever their conformation (extended or folded) are involved in the coordination polyhedron of cerium ion. This coordination mode was predicted from Molecular Electrostatic Potential calculations which showed the more negative potential sites of the ligand where the lanthanide cation would approach and coordinate.
Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy in High Myopia (1992)

Excimer photorefractive keratectomy was performed at three centers on 16 highly myopic eyes (8 diopters [D] or more) and followed up for 6 months. Ablation depths ranged from 137 to 230 microns. The preoperative spherical equivalent of myopia ranged from -8.62 D to -14.50 D (mean +/- SD, -11.57 +/- 1.62 D). Six months after surgery, the mean refraction (spherical equivalent) was -0.90 +/- 2.13 D. Eleven of 16 eyes achieved refractions within 2 D of that attempted. All eight patients at one site were treated with a maximum-beam diameter of 6.0 mm and were corrected to within 2 D of that attempted, and all were 20/40 or better uncorrected. Three of eight eyes at the other two sites were treated with a 5.5- or 5.6-mm maximum-beam diameter, which achieved corrections within 2 D of that attempted. The epithelium healed within 3 to 4 days, and there were no erosions. Mild subepithelial reticular haze, similar to that seen with excimer photorefractive keratectomy for lower myopia, was seen in all patients, with two patients experiencing more significant corneal haze. This peaked at 3 to 6 weeks and then gradually diminished. All but two patients had a return of their best corrected preoperative visual acuity to within one Snellen line at 6 months. This preliminary study shows excimer photorefractive keratectomy to be a promising surgical treatment for patients with higher myopia.
Canine bronchoconstriction, gas trapping, and hypoxia with methacholine (1987)

The effects of an intravenous methacholine infusion on cardiovascular-pulmonary function were measured in seven mongrel dogs (22.0 +/- 2.8 kg), anesthetized with chloralose and urethan and beta-adrenergically blocked with propranolol. In a volume-displacement plethysmograph, physiological measurements were made at base line and 25 min after establishing a methacholine infusion (0.1-1.0 mg X kg-1 X h-1). Methacholine significantly (P less than 0.05) increased airways resistance (1.9 +/- 0.8 to 8.2 +/- 2.9 cmH2O X l-1 X s), decreased static lung compliance (84.7 +/- 18.5 to 48.2 +/- 9.4 ml/cmH2O), depressed arterial PO2 (81 +/- 17 to 56 +/- 10 Torr), and lowered blood pressure (132 +/- 10 to 69 +/- 18 Torr) and cardiac output (5.7 +/- 1.9 to 4.1 +/- 1.2 l/min). These effects persisted during a further 80 min of methacholine infusion conducted in five of the animals. During the initial 25-min period of methacholine, the end-expired volume (volume-displacement Krogh spirometer) rose in all animals, indicating an increase in functional residual capacity from 997 +/- 115 to 1,623 +/- 259 ml (P less than 0.0005). Analysis of pulmonary pressure-volume curves revealed no change in total lung capacity but an increase in residual volume from 489 +/- 168 to 1,106 +/- 216 ml (P less than 0.001). Thus methacholine caused 617 ml of gas trapping, which was not detected by the Boyle's law principle, presumably because gas was trapped at high transpulmonary pressure. We suggest that intravenous methacholine-induced canine bronchoconstriction, which causes gas trapping and hypoxia, may be a useful animal model of clinical status asthmaticus.
Semi-Supervised Change Detection Of Small Water Bodies Using Rgb And Multispectral Images In Peruvian Rainforests (2022)

Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) is an important source of income for many households, but it can have large social and environmental effects, especially in rainforests of developing countries. The Sentinel-2 satellites collect multispectral images that can be used for the purpose of detecting changes in water extent and quality which indicates the locations of mining sites. This work focuses on the recognition of ASGM activities in Peruvian Amazon rainforests. We tested several semi-supervised classifiers based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to detect the changes of water bodies from 2019 to 2021 in the Madre de Dios region, which is one of the global hotspots of ASGM activities. Experiments show that SVM-based models can achieve reasonable performance for both RGB (using Cohen’s κ 0.49) and 6-channel images (using Cohen’s κ 0.71) with very limited annotations. The efficacy of incorporating Lab color space for change detection is analyzed as well.
Haploid Plantlet Production through Somatic Embryogenesis in Anther-Derived Callus ofBupleurum falcatum (2004)

This study was carried out to verify the production of haploid plantlets through somatic embryogenesis of Bupleurum falcatum in anther culture (2n=16). Flowers with anthers at the uninucleate stage, less than 200 µm in anther length, were exposed to 10ºC for 5 days (cold pretreatment) and the anthers were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and/or picloram at various concentrations at 30ºC. The optimal supplement for callus formation was a mixture of 0.075 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0.075 mg L-1 picloram or 0.75 mg L-1 2,4-D without picloram. Only a few calli were induced from the anthers without cold pretreatment. The calli were transplanted to MS medium without phytohormones and cultured at 25ºC for plant regeneration. Among one hundred twenty root tips of the regenerated plantlets examined, 14.2% were haploid (n=8). However, in the plantlets regenerated from anthers without cold pre-treatment only 2.5% was haploid. In both haploid and diploid regenerated plantlets, the chromosome number was fixed without variation. Among the regenerated plantlets, one was albino. Haploid plantlets were transplanted to the field after acclimation in pots filled with vermiculite under 90% humidity for a month, and haploid plant were produced. The potential of haploid plants derived from anther culture for production of high-yield and good-quality cultivars is discussed.
A Novel Experimental Mouse Model of Peritoneal Dissemination of Human Gastric Cancer Cells: Analysis of the Mechanism of Peritoneal Dissemination Using cDNA Macroarrays (2001)

We established a new cell line, NUGC-3P4T, with high peritoneal metastatic disseminating potential in nude mice. NUGC-3P4T cells were derived from the human gastric carcinoma line NUGC-3, which has low capacity for peritoneal dissemination. NUGC-3P4T cells developed peritoneal dissemination in 10 / 10 (100%) mice, whereas the parental NUGC-3 cells developed dissemination in 1 / 5 (20.0%) mice. The metastatic foci in the peritoneum showed essentially the same histological appearance as those induced by parental cells. The tumorigenicity, the motile activity and the adhesive activity to the laminin of NUGC-3P4T cells were stronger than those of NUGC-3 cells. Production of IL-8 was significantly higher in NUGC-3P4T than in NUGC-3. cDNA macroarrays analysis showed that a variety of cytokines, interleukins, and other immunomodulators and their receptors were up- or down-regulated at the mRNA level in NUGC-3P4T cells, compared with NUGC-3 cells. Thus, this unique cell line and in vivo model might be useful to study the biology of peritoneal dissemination of human gastric cancer.
Fast Fourier Transforms With Factored Residue Look-Up Tables (1990)

The implementation of fast Fourier transforms (FFT) via the use of residue factored look-up tables (FLUT) is investigated. The principles of FLUTs are reviewed, and a gate-level pipelined adder architecture is presented. The basics of the quadratic residue system (QRNS) are then discussed, and FLUT-based gate-level pipelined architectures are presented for binary-to-QRNS and QRNS-to-binary converters, as well as for FFT butterflies. The Despain small integer approximations are used to represent the FFT complex rotations each of which is expressed via a linear combination of common angles. The QRNS FLUT FFT performance is measured via a normalized mean square error (MSE) figure which is estimated via computer simulations performed for 16-, and 32-point QRNS FFTs in conjunction with various input signals and different approximation accuracy. Based on these results the largest FLUT FFT order, for which an MSE of &lt;10<sup>-8</sup> can be supported, is estimated. The overall system gate complexity is then calculated and compared with that required by the equivalent conventional digital implementation.
Neck Dissection B C Stack Jr, M A Moreno Thieme, 2018 ISBN 978 1 62623 834 3 eISBN 978 1 62623 835 0 pp 317 Price €109.99 US$129.99 £98.00 (2019)

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Velocity-Controlled Magnetic Bearings with Solid Cores (1996)

A methodology for designing velocity-controlled magnetic bearings with laminated cores has been extended to those with solid cores. The eddy-current effect of the solid cores is modeled as an opposing magnetomotive force. The bearing control dynamics is formulated in a dimensionless fashion which can be readily reviewed on a root-locus plot for stability. This facilitates the controller design and tuning process for solid core magnetic bearings using no displacement sensors.
4-oxo-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide: Two Independent Ways to Kill Cancer Cells (2010)

These data indicate that 4-oxo-4-HPR anticancer activity is due to at least two independent mechanisms and provide an explanation of the ability of 4-oxo-4-HPR to be more potent than the parent drug and to be effective also in 4-HPR-resistant cell lines. In addition, the double mechanism of action could allow 4-oxo-4-HPR to efficiently target tumour and to eventually counteract the development of drug resistance.
THE EFFECT OF SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS ON THE TITYUSTOXIN‐INDUCED ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE IN RAT BRAIN SLICES1 (1976)

Abstract— Pre‐treatment of rat brain slices with organic mercurials prevents the increased acetylcholine release induced by tityustoxin. This inhibition is reversed by dithiothreitol. N ‐Ethylmaleimide blocks the tityustoxin effect irreversibly. Simultaneous incubation with mercurials and toxin reveals a competition of both ligands for a membrane sulfhydryl group apparently required for tityustoxin activity.
L'intégration du risque dans la planification de la firme (1979)

The development of the theory of risks is essential for the improvment of management in every aspect: risks are influenced by all the policies and decisions of the firm. A more global, more financial analysis, on the stock market, is opposed to the classical analysis of risks, as used for example by insurance companies. The analysis can be useful in order to adapt the traditional management procedures, while maintaining their consistency within the framework of the plan, thus improving the value of the shares.
Probe characterization and data process for current reconstruction by near field scanning method (2010)

previously a measurement technique for ESD current spreading on a PCB using near field scanning was developed in order to connect the local ESD sensitivity to system level ESD failures in time and spatial domain. The concept of such scanning methodology is proved and several scanning results were processed. However the validation, precision and weakness of such methodology need to be further investigated before the application of such scanning methodology on complex circuit or system. This article investigates the current reconstruction by near field scanning technique and methodology. It studies the probe factors including coupling frequency response characterization and deconvolution method, spatial resolution for scanning and orthogonal-scan data combine process.