gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling Organosilicon Chemistries on Inert Polymer Surfaces with a Vapor-Deposited Silica Layer (2009)

Given the large surface area-to-volume ratios commonly encountered in microfluidics applications, the ability to engineer the chemical properties of surfaces encountered in these applications is critically important. However, as various polymers are rapidly replacing glass and silicon as the chosen materials for microfluidics devices, the ability to easily modify the surface chemistry has been diminished by the relatively inert nature of some commonly employed polymer surfaces, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This paper describes the low-temperature, vapor-phase deposition of robust silica layers to PMMA, polystyrene, and PDMS surfaces, which enables the functionalization of these surfaces by standard organosilane chemistries. Attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, contact angle goniometry, ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy are used to characterize the silica layers that form on these surfaces. Aqueous immersion experiments indicate that the silica layer has excellent stability in aqueous environments, which is a prerequisite for microfluidics applications, but for PMMA surfaces, low adhesion of the silica layer to the underlying substrate is problematic. For PDMS substrates, the presence of the silica layer helps to slow the process of hydrophobic recovery, which is an additional advantage.
Thermal enhancement of upconversion emission in nanocrystals: a comprehensive summary (2020)

Luminescence thermal stability is a major figure of merit of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles playing an essential role in determining their potential applications in advanced optics. Unfortunately, considering the intensification of multiple electron-vibration interactions as temperature increases, luminescence thermal quenching of material is generally considered to be inevitable. Recently, the emergence of thermally enhanced upconversion luminescence in lanthanide-doped nanoparticles seemed to challenge this stereotype, and the research on this topic rapidly aroused wide attention. While considerable efforts have been made to explore the origin of this phenomenon, the key mechanism of luminescence enhancement is still under debate. Here, to sort out the context of this intriguing finding, the reported results on this exciting topic are reviewed, and the corresponding enhancement mechanisms as proposed by different researchers are summarized. Detailed analyses are provided to evaluate the contribution of most believed “surface-attached moisture desorption” process on the overall luminescence enhancement at elevated temperatures. The impacts of other surface-related processes and shell passivation on the luminescence behaviour of the materials are also elaborated. The lack of standardization in the reported data and the absence of important experimental information, which greatly puzzle the results cross-checking and reanalysis, is emphasized as well. On the foundation of these discussions, it is realized that the thermal-induced luminescence enhancement is a form of recovery process against the strong luminescence quenching in the system, and the enhancement degree is closely associated with the extent of luminescence loss induced by various quenching effects beforehand.
Roosteren op een middelbare school (2010)

This article describes our experiences with high school timetabling at an average secondary school in the Netherlands.
Le vote Front national à Mantes-la-Jolie (1993)

Les études sur le vote Front national [Mayer et Perrineau, 1989]** ont montré que ce vote était avant tout caractéristique de la France urbaine et industrielle (Est-Sud-Est), qu'il se développait dans les contextes urbains à forte population immigrée. Ces études ont surtout mis en évidence les logiques sociales du vote FN dans les zones urbaines populaires, par exemple dans les quartiers en difficulté, plutôt que des logiques politiques. Chez les électeurs FN, la préoccupation du chômage passe après les thèmes de l'insécurité et de l'immigration. D'après ces différents travaux, il apparaît que le Front national a mordu sur l'ensemble des électorals et que l'on peut y retrouver une dimension bourgeoise, même si elle constitue un électorat moins fidèle. Les travaux sur les transferts électoraux ont plutôt mis en évidence la\nradicalisation de Pélectorat de droite que le transfert privilégié des voix du Parti communiste. [Premier paragraphe]
Synthesis of Isoidide through Epimerization of Isosorbide using Ruthenium on Carbon (2013)

A highly efficient procedure for obtaining resin-grade isoidide through catalytic epimerization of isosorbide using a ruthenium-on-carbon (Ru/C) catalyst is reported. A comprehensive reaction-parameter variation study involving substrate concentration, catalyst (type of metal, support, and loading), initial pH value, hydrogen pressure, solvent, and reaction temperature demonstrates that superior performance and high selectivity can be achieved. Epimerization of isosorbide in water (pH 8) at 220 °C, under 40 bar of hydrogen, and using a Ru/C catalyst (5 % Ru) for 2 h results in a thermodynamic equilibrium mixture containing 55 % isoidide, 40 % isosorbide, and 5 % isomannide. In comparison with previously reported nickel-based catalysts, the Ru/C catalyst is advantageous because it is highly active (as low as 360 ppm Ru) and recyclable. High purity isoidide is obtained by high-vacuum distillation of an equilibrium mixture on a 200 g scale. The high substrate loading (50 wt % in water), high selectivity, and the possibility for substrate reuse makes this procedure highly atom efficient and therefore, highly attractive for industrial use.
[A case of tuberculous lymphadenitis]. (1999)

Mme L., 81 ans, 1 m 54, 59 kg, est adressee en consultation de medecine par son medecin traitant a la suite de la decouverte d'une adenopathie de 2 a 3 cm situee entre le creux axillaire et le sein droit, indolore, mobile. L'examen clinique revele une insuffisance veineuse accompagnee d'une dermite ocre, une temperature corporelle normale, une tension arterielle a 14/8 cm de Hg, un pouls irregulier entre 65 et 80 battements par minute. Le reste de l'examen clinique est normal et ne revele ni troubles neurologiques, ni organomegalie.
Use of Chain Length Distributions in Determining Chain Transfer Constants and Termination Mechanisms (1996)

A new method for determining transfer constants based on an analysis of the ln chain length (or molecular weight) distributions has recently been reported. In this paper, the basis of this method is examined in terms of classical statistics and with the aid of simulated chain length distributions. The advantages, limitations and sources of error in the method are considered with reference to conventional analysis. We show that one major benefit is that the requisite information can be obtained by analysis of a small segment of the chain length distribution. This means that it may be applied under circumstances where there may be overlap between the distributions of the new polymer being formed and the transfer agent (i.e. transfer constants to polymeric species can be determined). The method also has general application since it is less sensitive to experimental noise, poor baseline selection, or the presence of artifacts in gel permeation chromatograms. Finally we look at the scope for obtaining additional mechanistic information on termination mechanisms by analysis of chain length distributions of low-conversion polymers by considering the effects of combination:disproportionation ratios and chain length dependent propagation and termination.
Fault Diagnosis based on Semi-supervised Global LSSVM for Analog Circuit (2015)

Aiming at the analog circuit performance online evaluation demand of the largest interval principle and underlying geometric structure, two online methods of dimension reduction are proposed for analog circuit performance evaluation from the angle of feature extraction, First, a supervised method of dimension reduction based on Fisher's Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is presented to increase the classification distance largely. This method is a well-known scheme for feature extraction and dimension reduction. However, the incomplete classification will lead to great influence on performance evaluation accuracy. Based on this, another feature extraction strategy by Locality Preserving Projections (LPP) is proposed. LPP should be seen as an alternative unsupervised approach to Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This method properly obtains a local space that best detects the essential manifold structure. In this paper, the fault diagnosis can be recognized via the Global and Local Preserving based S emi-supervised Support Vector Machine (semi-supervised Global LSS VM). The experiment takes a typical S allen-key low-pass circuit as diagnosis object. In order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper, the traditional fault diagnosis method based on standard support vector machine (S VM) is employed also. The diagnosis speed and accuracy are all proved via numerical simulation.
Transcriptome Analysis of the Blueberry-Mummy Berry Pathosystem (2014)

Mummy berry disease of blueberry, casual agent Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi, has two distinct phases- a blight stage of young foliage and flowers and a flower infection stage that leads to mummified fruit (pseudosclerotia). The flower infection stage requires conidia to germinate on the stigma and grow down the stylar canal into the ovary. The cultivar Berkeley is very susceptible to the mummy berry fruit infection stage while the cultivar Bluejay is resistant. We reasoned that the resistance/susceptibility reaction might be ‘expressed’ in the style. Open flowers of both cultivars were pollinated with ‘Bluecrop’ pollen and inoculated with mummy berry conidia. Total RNA was isolated from the styles two days post-pollination/inoculation. RNASeq libraries were prepared and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeqII platform. The resulting sequences were then quality- and adapter-trimmed with open-source software ‘cutadapt.’ Sequences were assembled using Velvet. This produced 37,354 contigs for ‘Bluejay and 36,202 for ‘Berkeley’ of at least 200 nucleotides in length. The sequences were then BLASTed against the NCBI’s nucleotide database (blastn), which yielded 33,184,648 and 21,143,803 ‘hits’ for the two varieties, respectively. The hits were then mapped to their respective taxonomies. The data generated will help determine the key genes involved in the plant-pathogen interaction.
In situ monitoring of semiconductor processes using synchrotron radiation [growth and cleaning] (2003)

In this review paper, discussion is focused on the in-situ monitoring of gas source molecular beam epitaxy (GSMBE) and photon-induced hydrogen removal on Si surfaces using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy.
Epidemiologic Genotyping of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis at a University Hospital and Comparison with Antibiotyping and Protein A and Coagulase Gene Polymorphisms (2002)

A total of 124 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were ascertained at the University Hospital of the Canary Islands between January 1997 and April 2000. Genotyping included pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (SmaI digestion) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis for the coagulase (coa) and protein A (spa) genes. Antibiotic resistance was the main phenotypic marker correlated with genotyping results. Three main PFGE types were detected: A (with 12 subtypes), B (with 2 subtypes), and C. PFGE type A1 was the most commonly found (61% of isolates) and the one responsible for all the epidemic outbreaks. Other genetics markers used (coa and spa RFLPs) were significantly correlated with the PFGE types detected (P < 0.001). These PCR-RFLP assays were useful as molecular markers for a quick, preliminary study of MRSA outbreaks.
한국운동역학회지의 국제화와 SCI-E 등재 방안 (2010)

Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics(KJSB) is facing down by a great challenge. Following the long-term plan of the Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, the KJSB has entered a new era in 2010 in the sense that the some papers are published in English. Immense efforts are needed to accomplish the original goal of KJSB becoming an internationally recognized journal. The 2009 Spring International Conference of the KSSB was held in this connection with the subject of the vitalization of the KJSB. A special topic were presented at the Conference and vigorous discussions followed. The Editor-in-Chief of KJSB presented strategies to improve the number of suggestion to the KJSB. The Manager of Thomson Reuter gave a presentation on how KJSB can grow into the SCI-expanded journal. This manuscript is presented on the basis of the presentations and the discussions at the meeting for the purpose of finding the way in aiming the direction of the long-term goal of the KJSB. Other evaluation criteria such as journal self-citation rate. SCI citation rate and SCI impact factor need to modify the score ranges.
Исследование влияния переднего натяжения при прокатке периодического профиля в неприводных валках (2012)

Проанализирован способ прокатки в неприводных валках полос переменной толщины с огибанием полосой подвижной профильной оправки.
High resolution frequency tracking via non-negative time-frequency distributions (2002)

A new method for frequency tracking is presented. It combines high resolution time-frequency analysis with the discriminative power of a multiple signal classification (MUSIC, see Schmidt, 1981) technique. The proposed time-varying frequency estimator employs a signal adaptive time-frequency distribution (TFD) with suppressed interference terms. The adaptive TFD is able to resolve components that are closely spaced in time and frequency. The achieved resolution is superior to the one achieved by sliding window techniques which are hampered in joint time-frequency resolution by the uncertainty principle. Simulations show that the presented approach operates reliably in low signal-to-noise ratio environments. The proposed method improves and generalizes the method proposed by Amin and Williams (see IEEE Trans. Signal Proc., vol.46, no.10, pp.2796-2804, Oct. 1998).
Satellite optical characteristics, suspended particulate matter, and particle fluxes in the surface layer of the White Sea (2022)

A spatio-temporal dependence between the vertical fluxes of the deposited matter (according to the data of sediment traps (mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day)) and the mass concentration of suspended matter (mg/L) has been revealed. Using satellite data of the optical range (using the spectral channels of the MODIS–Aqua 531 and 551 nm scanner, the backscattering index by suspended particles (bbp, m<sup>–1</sup>) was calculated), it became possible to continuously obtain (for the ice-free period) monthly average data on the values of the vertical flux of sedimentary matter from the surface layer for the entire sea.
Elevated cyclooxygenase-2 expression is associated with histological grade in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. (2005)

Our results suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 expression has an important role in tumor differentiation in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.
Ordered Colloidal Nanoalloys (2000)

Colloidal alloy superlattices of two different nanoclusters are demonstrated here for the first time. Thiol-functionalized Ag and Au nanoclusters were prepared separately in toluene before mixing and solvent evaporation. For certain Au/Ag proportions, the particles spontaneously self-organized into ordered 2D arrays, which can be seen in the bright field STEM image in the Figure.
Radioimmunoassay for Estimation of Thyroglobulin in Human Serum (1975)

A specific double antibody radioimmunoassay has been develop for the measurement of thyroglobulin in human serum. Human thyroglobulin was purified by combined DEAE-cellulose and affinity chromatography using Sepharose 4B-bound Concanavalin A. Sensitivity of test serum was 10 ng/ml. Thyroglobulin was not detectable in half of normal subjects, and half showed values between 10 and 180 ng/ml. In the patients with simple goiter and secondary hypothyroidism, serum thyroglobulin was usually in the normal range. In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, many sera having precipitating antibodies or high hemagglutination antibodies for thyroglobulin showed a high thyroglobulin concentration in serum probably due to a false positive reaction. In hyperthyroidism, an increased thyroglobulin level was observed in 64% of patients. However, there was no correlation between serum thyroglobulin and thyroxine levels in untreated hyperthyroidism. Serum thyroglobulin was increased significantly in some cases for several weeks after isotope therapy for the hyperthyroidism.
Improved lighting techniques for reproducing radiographs on 35-mm rapid-process copy film. (1981)

A view box with blue fluorescent tubes was constructed to decrease exposure time when using 35-mm rapid-process copy film to photograph radiographs and other transparencies. The device reduced exposure time by 70%.
The life span of short-lived plasma cells is partly determined by a block on activation of apoptotic caspases acting in combination with endoplasmic reticulum stress (2010)

Apoptosis of short-lived plasma cells after a few days of intense immunoglobulin secretion is critical for maintaining a controlled humoral immune response. The mechanisms that regulate this process are poorly understood. Here we report that the key apoptotic caspases, caspase-3 and caspase-9, become resistant to activation by apoptotic stimuli when B cells differentiate into short-lived plasma cells. As a consequence, apoptosis of most short-lived plasma cells in vitro and in vivo is effector caspase-independent. We also show that a triaspartic acid repeat that normally prevents activation of caspase-3 becomes stabilized in short-lived plasma cells and myeloma cell lines. The block on caspase activation occurs before the accumulation of intracellular immunoglobulins and a progressive rise in secretory stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Plasma cells show increased susceptibility to ER stress-induced apoptosis and activate the ER-associated caspase-12, which is required specifically for nuclear apoptotic events. In nonlymphoid cells that cannot activate effector caspases, programmed cell death is delayed in response to ER stress. These observations suggest that the block on activation of key apoptotic caspases has evolved in short-lived plasma cells to prolong survival under conditions of ER stress resulting from high-level immunoglobulin secretion.
Pharmacotherapy for obsessive‐compulsive disorder (2004)

Pharmacotherapeutic options for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have expanded over the past half-century since medications were first found to be effective for the treatment of OCD. Currently, the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) represent the first-line pharmacotherapy for OCD. High dosages and long trials of the SRIs are needed for adequate treatment of OCD. The use of SRIs for the treatment of OCD is reviewed, then other pharmacotherapeutic treatment options, including SRI augmentation and alternative monotherapies, are discussed. The preponderance of data demonstrates that SRI augmentation with neuroleptics is efficacious for treatment-refractory OCD. There is substantially less evidence supporting other alternative strategies. Finally, neurosurgical and device-based approaches for treatment-refractory OCD are reviewed.
Combining contour and shape primitives for object detection and pose estimation of prefabricated parts (2013)

Man-made objects such as mechanical construction parts can typically be described as a composition of shape primitives like cylinders, planes, cones and spheres. We propose a robust method for the detection and pose estimation of such objects in 3D point clouds. Our main contribution is to enhance a probabilistic graph-matching approach that detects objects using 3D shape primitives with distinct 2D primitives such as circular contours. With this extension, our method copes with difficult occlusion situations and can be applied for object manipulation in complex scenarios such as grasping from a pile or bin-picking. We demonstrate the performance of our approach in a comparison with a state-of-the-art feature-based method for objects of generic shape and a primitive-based approach using only 3D shapes and no contours.
Audio Signal Segmentation and Classification For Scene-Cut Detection (2005)

A scene is regarded as a basic unit of audiovisual material, and thereby the boundaries between two adjacent scenes, which are called scene-cuts, must be detected in advance for audiovisual indexing. This paper proposes a scene-cut detection method. Since scene-cuts are associated with a simultaneous change of visual and audio characteristics, both audio and visual analyses are required for the scene-cut detection. For the audio signal analysis, the proposed method utilizes an audio signal segmentation and classification method using fuzzy c-means clustering, which has been proposed by the authors. For the visual signal analysis, the proposed method utilizes some visual segmentation methods. By using these methods simultaneously, the proposed method can accurately detect the scene-cuts, and thereby it is highly valuable for the preprocessing for audiovisual indexing. Experimental results performed by applying the proposed method to real audiovisual material are shown to verify its high performance.
[Robotic surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients]. (2016)

The outstanding advantages of robotic surgery include the stable and three-dimension image and the convenience of surgery manipulation. The disadvantages include the lack of factile feedback, high cost and prolonged surgery time. It was reported that robotic surgery was associated with less trauma stress and faster recovery in elderly patients(≥75 years old) when compared with open surgery. Elderly people have a higher incidence of carcinogenesis and also have more comorbidities and reduced functional reserve. Clinical data of patients over 75 years old treated by robotic surgery in Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from March 2011 to October 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 24 consecutive patients were included with a median age of 77.8 years old. There were 18 male and 6 female patients. Among them, 14 patients were diagnosed with descending and sigmoid colon cancers while 10 with rectal cancers; 19 had tumor size larger than 5 cm; 16 were diagnosed with ulcerative adenocarcinoma. Fourteen patients were complicated with hypertension, 6 with cardiopulmonary diseases, 4 with diabetes mellitus and 3 with cerebrovascular diseases. Twenty-two patients underwent low anterior resection and 2 abdominoperineal resection. The estimated blood loss was 85 ml; the median operation time was (123.1±45.2) min; the median number of retrieved lymph node was 12.4. Postoperative pathologic results showed that 3 patients were stage I, 10 stage II, and 11 stage III. Postoperative complication was observed in 3 patients: urinary infection in 1 case, intraperitoneal infection in 1 case and atria fibrillation in 1 case, respectively. Median time to first postoperative flatus was 2.8 days. Our results indicated that robotic surgery is safe and feasible in the elderly patients. The next generation of robotic system may make up for these deficiencies through new technologies. With the advantage of more advanced surgical simulator, robotic surgery will play a more important role in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients.