gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and characterization of collimated effusive gas beam sources: Effect of source dimensions and backing pressure on total flow and beam profile (2000)

The total flux and the flow profile of gas-phase molecular beams generated by a number of assemblies involving different combinations of apertures and capillary arrays were measured for a wide range of backing pressures covering the molecular and viscous flow regimes. Specifically, δ=10 and 50 μm diameter, L=2 mm thick glass capillary arrays were combined with single apertures of φ=0.17, 1.0, and 11.4 mm diameters and L=0.1, 0.5, and 2 mm thickness in order to design high-flux beam dosers with a high degree of collimation. The variations in the total flux and the spatial profile of the beams were tested as a function of the backing pressure, which was varied between 10−4 and 102 Torr, by a sampling movable skimmer. The data obtained under the molecular flow (low backing pressure) regime corroborate some conclusions from previous reports. In particular, it is shown here that the conductance of the dosers (the ratio of the total flux of the beam to the backing pressure) depends only on their geometry in that regime. The beam profile, on the other hand, deteriorates with increasing backing pressure because of the increase in gas–wall and gas–gas collisions in the intermediate “opaque” flow regime where the mean free path of the gas, λ, is larger than the diameter of the capillaries, δ, but smaller than the length of the tubes, L. As λ approaches δ, a transition “slip” regime is reached, and a drop in the conductance of the doser is observed. Finally, by pressures where λ&amp;lt;0.05δ, a viscous laminar flow is established where the conductance of the doser increases with pressure and its directionality improves as well. The implications of our results to the design of molecular beams for specific applications are briefly discussed.
Sequential Self-Assembly Using Tannic Acid and Phenylboronic Acid-Modified Copolymers for Potential Protein Delivery (2020)

Tannic acid (TA) can form stable complexes with proteins, attracting significant attention as protein delivery systems. However, its systemic application has been limited due to nonspecific interaction. Here, we report a simple technique to prepare systemically applicable protein delivery systems using sequential self-assembly of a protein, TA, and phenylboronic acid-conjugated PEG-poly(amino acid) block copolymers in aqueous solution. Mixing the protein and TA in aqueous solution led to covering of the protein with TA, and subsequent addition of the copolymer resulted in the formation of boronate esters between TA and copolymers, constructing the core-shell-type ternary complex. The ternary complex covered with PEG exhibited a small hydrodynamic diameter of ∼10-20 nm and prevented an unfavorable interaction with serum components, thereby accomplishing significantly prolonged blood circulation and enhanced tumor accumulation in a subcutaneous tumor model. The technique utilizing supramolecular self-assembly may serve as a novel approach for designing protein delivery systems.
The First 1,10-Diaza[2.2]metacyclophanes – Strained Medium Membered Heterocycles⋆ (1998)

The N-protected 1,10-diaza[2.2]metacyclo- and 1,10-diaza-[2]metacyclo[2](2,6)-pyridinophanes 4 and 5 have been synthesized for the first time using high dilution conditions. The free secondary diamine 7 was obtained from 4 by alkaline hydrolysis. – Quantum chemical calculations support the hypothesis that 7 is one of the most strained anti-hetera[2.2]metacyclophanes known. This is also evident from the 1H-NMR spectrum of 7, which shows one of the strongest high field shifts for the intraannular protons in comparison to other anti-[2.2]metacyclophanes.
Structure/Function Relationships Among Murine Class II Molecules: Sequence Analysis of I-A cDNA Clones (1986)

The intimate relationship between Ia antigens and immune responsiveness to a multitude of natural and synthetic antigens has been known for some time (1, 2). Recent studies using either anti-Ia antisera or monoclonal antibodies to block immune responses strongly suggest that la antigens are the products of Ir genes (3–5), but how a limited number of Ia antigens differentially regulate responses to a myriad of antigens is yet to be resolved. Presumably, their role in the presentation of antigen to immunocompetent cells is of fundamental importance and, as with other systems, Ia:antigen interactions will surely be dictated by the structures of the individual components of the la:antigen complex on the surface of the antigen-presenting cell. Primary structural alterations in the alpha and beta chains of the Class II heterodimer likely result in a failure to present antigen in a configuration appropriate for recognition and thus the failure of an animal to mount an immune response to that antigen. These alterations must also account for the multiple allelic variations recognized by both antibodies and T-cells.
Design of a novel software radio platform (2005)

A novel and practical general software radio platform is introduced, from the engineering perspective. Through the cooperation between PLD and high performance DSP, the system functions can be reconfigured online. Whenever input IF signals are in the allowed range the demodulation of different signals can be realized by configuring the system online, without any hardware modification.
Characterization of Metals and Solids in Urban Highway Winter Snow and Spring Rainfall-Runoff (1996)

Urban highways are a nonpoint source of metal elements and solids. These constituents are generated from traffic activities, pavement degradation, roadway maintenance, and atmospheric deposition. Pavement degradation and abrasion generates solids ranging in size from submicron particles to gravel-size aggregates. These constituents accumulate on the highway until they are transported from the pavement by traffic-induced turbulence or precipitation-runoff processes. Total metal elements and solids concentration are higher in snow washoff from urban highways than rainfall runoff. One reason is the snow washoff volume is less than the volume generated during a rainfall-runoff event. Another reason is that the residence time of a highway snowbank can range from hours to months depending on weather conditions. In addition, porous snow banks act as repositories that trap metals and solids. Metal elements and solids in urban highway winter snow and spring runoff at one highway site located along I-75 in Cincinnati, Ohio, are described and compared. Both snow and rainfallrunoff samples were fractionated into particulate-bound and dissolved metals. Solids characterization included dissolved, inorganic, and organic fractions. Results from snow samples taken at daily intervals from late January through mid-February 1995 indicate a significant increase in metal elements and solids accumulation for several days after two snow events. Results from runoff events in April 1995 indicate that the particulate-bound metal element washoff response was a function of rainfall intensity. In contrast, the dissolved response exhibited a dependence on the solubility of the metal element. Metal elements in rainfall-runoff were predominately dissolved as compared with more particulate-bound metals in snowfall.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES WITH ZINC CHLORIDE AS ZINC SOURCE (2013)

ZnO nanoparticles Synthesized by precipitating Zinc Chloride have been characterized Optically and Structurally. XRD is used for the structural characterization where the lattice constant was determined as a=b=3.2492A, c=5.20661 A with hexagonal structure and crystallite size as~5.3689 . UV-vis spectrometer was used to obtain UV-vis absorption spectrum where excitonic peaks were obtained at wavelength of 277 nm and 235 nm.
The contribution of intraoperative medial compartment stability to post-operative knee flexion angle in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (2014)

III.
Quantum-circuit refrigerator (2017)

Quantum technology promises revolutionizing applications in information processing, communications, sensing and modelling. However, efficient on-demand cooling of the functional quantum degrees of freedom remains challenging in many solid-state implementations, such as superconducting circuits. Here we demonstrate direct cooling of a superconducting resonator mode using voltage-controllable electron tunnelling in a nanoscale refrigerator. This result is revealed by a decreased electron temperature at a resonator-coupled probe resistor, even for an elevated electron temperature at the refrigerator. Our conclusions are verified by control experiments and by a good quantitative agreement between theory and experimental observations at various operation voltages and bath temperatures. In the future, we aim to remove spurious dissipation introduced by our refrigerator and to decrease the operational temperature. Such an ideal quantum-circuit refrigerator has potential applications in the initialization of quantum electric devices. In the superconducting quantum computer, for example, fast and accurate reset of the quantum memory is needed.
Silica‐Supported Au–Ag Catalysts for the Selective Hydrogenation of Butadiene (2017)

Gold and silver are miscible over the entire composition range, and form an attractive combination for fundamental studies on bimetallic catalysts. Au-Ag catalysts have shown synergistic effects for different oxidation and liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions, but have rarely been studied for gas-phase hydrogenation. In this study 3 nm particles of Au, Ag and Au-Ag supported on silica (SBA-15) were investigated as catalysts for selective hydrogenation of butadiene in an excess of propene. The Au catalyst was over an order of magnitude more active than the Ag catalyst at 120 °C. The initial activity of the Au-Ag catalysts scaled linearly with the Au-content, suggesting a direct correlation between the surface and overall compositions of the nanoparticles and the absence of synergistic effects. All Au-containing catalysts were highly selective to butenes (>99.9 %). The Au catalysts were stable, whereas the Au-Ag catalysts lost about half of their activity during 20 h run time at 200 °C, but the initial activity was restored by a consecutive oxidation-reduction treatment. Near ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that exposure to H<sub>2</sub> at elevated temperatures led to a gradual enrichment of the surface of the Au-Ag nanoparticles by Ag. These observations highlight the importance of considering progressive atomic rearrangements in bimetallic nanocatalysts under reaction conditions.
Size, Shape, Stability, and Color of Plasmonic Silver Nanoparticles (2014)

The remarkable relationship between the size, shape, and optical properties of silver nanoparticles is proving to be very useful in a range of high performance applications. Considerable effort and investment are focused on delivering silver nanoparticles with precise morphologies. However, the reliability of these particles is contingent upon the morphological stability, particularly against variations in the thermodynamic environment, such as changes in temperature. Using a combination of computational and theoretical approaches, we have constructed a size- and shape-dependent phase diagram of nanoscale silver and projected the optical emission spectrum to produce a detailed structure/property map at thermal equilibrium. This map demonstrates that faceted near-spherical shapes and spheres are the predominant morphologies in a Ag NPs colloidal sample at low and high temperatures, showing a light yellow color. However, samples with more faceted shapes such as cubes or tetrahedrons, which gain stability at sizes smaller than 8 nm at intermediate temperatures, will present brighter yellow hues and dark red colors, respectively.
The Psychological Effects Caused by the Portrayal of the Female Body Imagery in the Music Media (2005)

This study seeks to add to the existing literature on social influence and ego development. Using the imagery of music media as the independent variable, the purpose of this study is to explore the psychological effects of imagery as it portrays the female body and its degree of influence on the development of feelings of self-worth in women. The goal of this research is to document the perceptions women have to nudity, exposure, body sizes, and risqué attire of women in the music media. Erik Erikson's theory on development of ego and identity, specifically the effects of social influence on human development, guided this project. Imagery, as portrayed in the music media, is the focus of this research, because it is hypothesized that it may influence perception of self-worth. The hypothesis of this study is that the music media influences women's perceptions of what is the ideal female form and affects self-worth. More specifically, that the music media is a social influence and contributes to the development of self-image in women. Through quantitative data collection in surveys and qualitative data in interviews an analysis was taken of the perceptions of self-worth and identity in comparison to the amount of music media watched. The empirical findings supported the hypothesis of this research.
A Theoretical Study on the Nature of On- and Off-States of Reversibly Photoswitching Fluorescent Protein Dronpa: Absorption, Emission, Protonation, and Raman (2009)

A GFP-like fluorescent protein, Dronpa, which was engineered from a coral Pectiniidae, was found to display perfect photochromic properties; the fluorescent "on"-state and nonfluorescent "off"-state of Dronpa can be reversibly switched by irradiation of two different wavelengths of light. To understand the detailed mechanism of the reversible photoswitching process at the atomic level, we performed QM and ONIOM(QM:MM) calculations to study the nature of the proposed on-state and off-state. Several high-level QM methods (TD-B3LYP, CASSCF, CASPT2, and SAC-CI) were employed to compute the vertical absorption and emission energies in the gas phase for four different protonation states as well as two conformations. The vertical absorption and emission energies of the on- and off-states in the proteins were further studied by the ONIOM(QM:MM) calculations. The ONIOM calculations on the absorption and emission suggest the neutral trans form is the off-state and the anionic cis form is the on-state. The dominant protonation states of the on- and off-states are also supported by protonation probability calculations via Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatics and Monte Carlo sampling. Moreover, the local protein environments were found to influence protonation states of the chromophore. Different possible reaction mechanisms are also discussed.
Physics and applications of IV-VI compound quantum well and superlattice structures (1990)

The authors review the experimental investigations carried out on IV-VI artificially structured materials are summarised. The problems related to the determination of band offsets are discussed and special emphasis is given to strain effects and the consequences of interdiffusion. Deviations from the bulk magnetic behaviour reported in dilute magnetic IV-VI quantum well structures are presented. The unique structural properties of layered PbGeTe/PbTe which exhibit a stabilisation of the cubic phase are discussed.
The Relationship Between Jaw Posture and Muscular Strength in Sports Dentistry: A Reappraisal (1996)

From the late 1970s until the early 1990s, there have been several reports of improved appendage muscle strength and athletic performance. Much of the criticism of using a mouthguard alone or in conjunction with a splint, such as a mandibular orthopedic repositioning appliance (MORA), to enhance athletic performance has been aimed at study designs, controls, periods of time, double blindness, and the placebo effect. Although it would appear that designing a study which pleases both clinician and researcher would be a difficult task, studies have been performed that do meet the "gold standard." The results favor the premise that jaw repositioning can enhance appendage muscular strength and athletic performance. Studies performed during the mid-1980s, and to which the scientific community refers to continually, on closer examination are flawed.
A cost-effective wearable vital-sign sensor with self-oscillating active antenna based on envelope detection technique (2017)

A wearable vital-sign sensor with the self-oscillating active antenna is proposed in this paper. The active antenna is employed to radiate the radio-frequency signal and receive the injection signal reflected from the moving human chest. Since the envelope detection technique is adopted to demodulate the vital signs from the modulated output of the active antenna, the circuit complexity, cost, and circuit size can be significantly reduced. The developed sensor is experimentally validated to detect the respiration and heartbeat rate of a human adult. The measured heartbeat rate agrees that obtained by the finger pulse oximeter very well.
High-temperature thermal optical property activities of the u. s. air force (1965)

High temperature thermal optical properties and mechanisms involved in absorption and emission of radiation within solids
Route to chaos in an acousto-optic bistable device (1985)

An analysis of the experimental self-oscillation spectra of an acousto-optic bistable device is presented in relation to a theoretical model developed recently by Gao and co-workers. The main feature of the spectra is the superposition of a modulated noisy background to a discrete structure composed of a fundamental oscillation and its harmonics. A shift of this fundamental oscillation in the route to chaos is measured and discussed in terms of the modes of the theoretical model.
GC/MS Analysis of the Leaf Oil ofCryptomeria japonicaD. Don from Reunion Island (1991)

ABSTRACT GC/MS analysis of the leaf oil of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don obtained from Reunion allowed us to identify more than 70 compounds thanks to our SPECMA data bank. Among the volatiles, monoterpene hydrocarbons (45%), monoterpene alcohols (10%), monoterpene esters (2%), sesquiterpenes (25%) and diterpenes (12%) have been found. The presence of a moderate amount of α-kaurene (10%) and its 16-hydroxylated derivative (0.6%) was noted. The composition of the C. japonica from Reunion was found to be similar to that originating from Japan. Unidentified sesquiterpene and diterpene derivatives require further attention.
Susceptibility of Nonhuman Primate Species to Infection by Simian Rotavirus SA-11 (1980)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay examination of sera from three nonhuman primate species demonstrated the presence of antibody reacting with simian rotavirus SA-11 and calf rotavirus C486. The occurrence of this antibody in sera from adult, wild-caught animals suggests natural rotovirus infection. The occurrence of antibody was highest in the chimpanzee and declined, respectively, in the rhesus macaque and in the squirrel monkey. Inoculation of three infant rhesus macaques, a nursery-reared chimpanzee, and a cesarian-derived nursery-reared baboon with SA-11 virus resulted in enteric infection, with virus excretion beginning 48 to 72 hours after oral administration of the virus. Clinical disease, as manifested by diarrhea, was observed only in the chimpanzee. Inoculation of ten squirrel monkeys, from 30 to 191 days old, induced infection only in the monkey inoculated at 30 days of age. This monkey became ill within 48 hours after viral administration and was euthanatized. Necropsy demonstrated a generalized infection, with virus recovered from lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and intestine. The remaining nine inoculated squirrel monkeys failed to develop enteric infection and did not respond with antibody to SA-11 virus.
Biosynthesis of Flavocoenzymes (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tissue window chamber system for validation of implanted oxygen sensors (2003)

An experimental system is described for validating electrochemical oxygen sensors implanted in tissues. The system is a modified hamster window chamber in which a thin layer of vascularized tissue is held between two plates, one plate having an observation window and the other plate having an array of oxygen sensors. This arrangement permits simultaneous recording of oxygen sensor signals and nondestructive visualization of the tissue adjacent to the sensors over periods of 1 mo or more, without the inhibitory effects of anesthesia. The system provides a means for study of the effects of spatial and temporal oxygen distributions on the sensor signals and adaptation of the tissue structure over time. Examples are given of sensor recordings and images of tissues with implanted oxygen sensor arrays.
Glycolipids as host resistance stimulators (1990)

6-(5-Cholesten-3 beta-yloxy)hexyl 1-thio-beta-D-mannopyranoside (L-644,257) enhances natural host resistance in cyclophosphamide-treated mice against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a dose-dependent manner. It is active sc, im, and ip but not orally. L-644,257 is substantially more protective against P. aeruginosa than its alpha anomer. The beta-L-fucose glycolipid is more effective when given im and ip than sc. The lactose and beta-D-glucose glycolipids were only marginally effective to nonprotective. The 17 beta-steroidal side chain of L-644,257 can be modified without substantial loss of protective activity.
Study of Hamiltonian Energy Control of Multiphase Interleaved Fuel Cell Boost Converter (2019)

This paper studys a multi-phase boost converter for fuel cell (FC) applications. An original control law based on the Hamiltonian energy control principle for dc microgrid is considered. Using the port-controlled Hamiltonian property, we propose simple solutions to the system performance and stabilization problems when the interaction between power sources and constant power loads (CPLs). To corroborate the proposed control law, a prototype FC power converter (2.5-kW two-phase boost converter) is implemented in the laboratory. The Methanol FC system includes a fuel reformer that converts methanol and water liquid fuel into hydrogen gas to polymer electrolyte membrane FC (PEMFC) stack (2.5-kW, 50 V). The proposed control approach is realized with a digital estimate in a dSPACE MicroLabBox controller card. The experimental and simulation results verify that this is a good control scheme during constant power load cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Substituted 1‐Phenyl‐1H‐indazoles with Analgesic, Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, and Local Anesthetic Activities. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.