gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Graft Rejection Using 15-Deoxyspergualin in the Allogeneic Rat Penetrating Keratoplasty Model (1994)

We tested the ability of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG), a new immunosuppressant, to inhibit corneal allograft rejection in the rat penetrating keratoplasty model. Fifty-six inbred Lewis rats were recipients of orthotopic corneal allografts from Brown Norway rats. Allogeneic groups received daily intramuscular injections of DSG 2, 3, 4, or 10 mg/kg/day. The animals treated with 2 mg/kg/day had four out of 10 grafts rejected; in the 3 mg/kg/day group none of the six grafts rejected; whereas in the 4 mg/kg/day group one out of 15 grafts rejected. The animals treated with 10 mg/kg/day became emaciated and died during the second and third postoperative weeks with relatively clear grafts. All corneas rejected following discontinuation of the drug. We conclude that the systemic administration of DSG at 3 or 4 mg/kg/day results in effective suppression of corneal allograft rejection in the rat penetrating keratoplasty model.
THE PERCHLORATES OF THE ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS AND AMMONIUM. THEIR SOLUBILITY IN WATER AND OTHER SOLVENTS1 (1923)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PERCHLORATES OF THE ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS AND AMMONIUM. THEIR SOLUBILITY IN WATER AND OTHER SOLVENTS1H. H. Willard and G. Frederick SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1923, 45, 2, 286–297Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1923Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1923https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01655a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01655a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1258Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modeling of a capacitive sensor dedicated to drug injection (2018)

To follow up patients who inject themselves insulin with injection pen is a quite complex task. Due to the repetition of injections, and the numerous influent parameter the patient can easily made an injection mistake and it is difficult for health-takers to follow these injections and can detect errors. In order to compensate this problem, a device which measures the volume of drug by using electric fields has been developed. A theoretical model, simulations and experiments have been conducted to validate this capacitive measurement technique. The experiments confirm Theory and simulations results. A sensitivity around 5fF for lOuL have been found and a good repeatability between three caps have been achieved which is equal to an error of 0.44fF for lOuL of insulin and correspond to an error of ±4.12%.
GM2 (Schmidt 1997) (2001)

Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, which are widely expressed in mammalian tissues. They can be tumor-associated antigens, and furthermore efficient receptors for the adhesion of bacteria and viruses to cells, a prerequisite for infection. In general, glycoconjugates play important roles in many cellular and physiological processes, for example development and differentiation of cells, recognition of microorganisms and intracellular transport of proteins.1
Maximum Likelihood Based Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation For Multi-Microphone Speech Enhancement (2012)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Bucharest, Romania, 2012
Thermal Regime of the Great Basin and Its Implications for Hydrocarbon Occurrence: ABSTRACT (1995)

The Great Basin is a province of high average heat flow (92+-9 mW m{sup -2}), but it contains sub-provinces of both higher and lower heat flow. Higher heat flow (>100 mW m{sup -2}) is characteristic of the north-central Great Basin (the Battle Mountain High, BMH) and several smaller areas along its margins. There is also a large area of lower heat flow (<60 mW m{sup -2}, the Eureka Low, EL) in the south-central portion of the province. There is hydrologic and thermal evidence that the EL is a shallow ({approximately}3 km) hydrologically controlled heat sink associated with interbasin water flow. For example, the temperature profile from a 3.7 km deep hole at Pahute Mesa in the EL indicates low heat flow in the upper 1.5 km and high heat flow in the lowermost kilometer. On the other hand, seismic and magnetic studies suggest that the heat sink in the EL extends to at least mid-crustal depths. Temperatures in the deeper parts of many basins in the BMH are higher than considered favorable for generation or stability of oil. Paradoxically, temperature-gradients as high as 100{degrees}C km{sup -1} and an underlying hydrothermal system are found within the EL in Railroad Valley, themore » site of the most productive oil-fields in the Great Basin. The heat source driving this hydrothermal system is a combination of local upward flow from the Paleozoic carbonate aquifer and possible thermal input from nearby igneous activity. J. B. Hulen and others have suggested that the Railroad Valley hydrothermal system has enhanced hydrocarbon transport and accelerated maturation. If a hydrothermal system is required for the formation of significant hydrocarbon reservoirs in the EL, then such reservoirs will occur only where groundwater flow in the carbonate aquifer is not removing heat from the basins.« less
Adaptive peer-to-peer topologies (2004)

We present a peer-level protocol for forming adaptive, self-organizing topologies for data-sharing P2P networks. This protocol is based on the idea that a peer should directly connect to those peers from which it is most likely to download satisfactory content. We show that the resulting topologies are more efficient than standard Gnutella topologies. Furthermore, we show that these adaptive topologies have the added benefits of increased resistance to certain types of attacks, intrinsic rewards for active peers and punishments for malicious peers and free riders.
Evidence for human thromboxane receptor heterogeneity using a novel series of 9,11‐cyclic carbonate derivatives of prostaglandin F2α (1996)

1. The pharmacological activity of a novel series of 9,11-cyclic carbonate derivatives of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was investigated in various isolated smooth muscle preparations possessing different prostanoid receptor subtypes as well as in human platelets. Since subdivision of thromboxane (TP-) receptors into vascular/smooth muscle and platelet subtypes is a controversial subject, our studies included a human smooth muscle preparation (myometrium) in addition to the widely used rat aorta and human platelets as TP-receptor preparations. 2. Two members of that series, AGN191976 and AGN192093 were found to be highly potent and selective thromboxane-mimetics. AGN191976 and AGN192093 contracted isolated tissues of the rat thoracic aorta with EC50 values of 0.32 +/- 0.08 and 1.30 +/- 0.53 nM, respectively. Both agonists were at least 10 times more potent than the benchmark TP-agonist, U-46619, in this preparation, whilst being at least 500 times less potent at other prostanoid receptors (DP, EP1, EP3, FP, IP) in vitro. 3. In human myometrial strips from pregnant and non-pregnant donors, both AGN191976 and AGN192093 were potent contractile agonists. The rank order of potency in myometrium of AGN191976 > AGN192093 > U-46619 correlated well with that in the rat aorta. In human platelet-rich plasma (PRP), however, AGN191976 had potent proaggregatory activity (EC50 = 16.3 +/- 1.4 nM), which is a TP-receptor-mediated event, whereas AGN192093 was a much weaker agonist (EC50 = 37.9 +/- 2.0 microM). AGN192093 did not behave as an antagonist in the platelets, since it did not antagonize platelet aggregation induced by ADP, arachidonic acid, U-46619 or AGN191976. In human washed platelets, the activity profile of AGN191976 (EC50 = 4.15 +/- 0.52 nM) and AGN192093 (no aggregation up to 10 microM) was similar to that obtained in PRP. 4. The involvement of TP-receptors was verified with the potent TP-antagonist, SQ29548. SQ29548 (0.1 microM in myometrium; 1 microM in aorta; 1 microM and 10 microM in platelets) antagonized responses to U-46619, AGN191976 and AGN192093 as expected. 5. In conclusion, AGN191976 and AGN192093, both 9,11-cyclic carbonate derivatives of PGF2 alpha, were found to be highly potent and selective thromboxane-mimetics in rat vascular and human myometrial smooth muscle. However, only AGN 191976 was a potent agonist at TP-receptors in human platelets. The differential activity of AGN192093 on TP-receptor-mediated events in platelets and smooth muscle provides further evidence for a subdivision of TP-receptors. AGN192093 appears to be a useful tool for the pharmacological distinction of TP-receptor subtypes.
Maximum Relative Divergence Principle for Grading Functions on Power Sets (2022)

The concept of Relative Divergence of one Grading Function from another is extended from totally ordered chains to power sets of finite event spaces. Shannon Entropy concept is extended to normalized grading functions on such power sets. Maximum Relative Divergence Principle is introduced as a generalization of the Maximum Entropy Principle as a tool for determining the "most reasonable" grading function and used in some Operations Research applications where that function is supposed to be "element-additive" or "cardinality-dependent" under application-specific linear constraints.
Study of mask and wafer co-design that utilizes a new extreme SIMD approach to computing in memory manufacturing: full-chip curvilinear ILT in a day (2019)

In advanced semiconductor memory manufacturing, mask and lithography are critical for patterning. In this paper we jointly study the benefits of a mask and wafer co-design that utilizes a new extreme single instruction multiple data (SIMD) approach to computing. Wafer results will be shown demonstrating the benefits of the approach. Unlike traditional EDA software that runs on customers’ computer farm, this new approach leverages and maximizes GPU acceleration. In this study, software speed and quality, mask writing strategy, wafer pattern fidelity and process window are examined and analyzed. Inverse lithography technology (ILT) has been seen as a promising solution to many of the challenges of advanced-node lithography, whether optical or EUV. However, the runtimes associated with this computational technique have limited its practical application. Until now, it has been used for critical “hotspots” on chips, but has not been used for entire chips. The solution to the runtime problem for ILT has been particularly vexing, as the traditional approach to runtime improvement – partitioning and stitching – has failed to produce satisfactory results, either in terms of runtime or in terms of quality. D2S has adopted an entirely new, stitchless approach, creating a holistically conceived, purpose-built system for ILT, This system includes a unique GPU-accelerated approach that emulates a single, giant GPU/CPU pair that can compute an entire full-chip ILT solution at once. This novel approach, systematically designed for ILT and GPU acceleration, makes full-chip ILT a practical reality in production for the first time. For the most advanced DRAM manufacturing using 193nm immersion lithography, every aspect of design, mask, and lithography, including quality of the process, accuracy, and turn-around-time, need to be optimized. Any new technique that significantly improve one or more elements of such complete process are welcome. Recently a number of new technologies, such as multi-beam mask writer, GPU accelerated computing for mask and wafer, are emerged and are reshaping the mask and lithography. This new stitchless full chip curvilinear ILT is applied to memory chip making. We will show mask making and wafer print results, including pattern fidelity and process window, to show the actual benefits of such technologies for semiconductor manufacturing.
Impairment of antiviral cytokine expression and enhancement of Murine Cytomegalovirus (MCMV) mediated liver injury in a diabetic mouse model (2006)

Impact of diabetes on the development of anti-viral immunity and viral pathogenesis using MCMV infection model was examined. Transgenic OVE26 mice having chronic type 1 diabetes and age matched wild type mice were infected with 2.5 X 105 PFU of MCMV per mouse via the intra-peritoneal route and were sacrificed at 36 h or 5 days post-infection. Serum levels of interleukin 12 (IL-12), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and TNF-α, which play a critical role in activating and co-coordinating an effective early antiviral adaptive immune response, were measured at 36 h. The expression of IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α was markedly suppressed in diabetic mice. Additionally, examination of the in vitro immune cell function showed that splenocytes from diabetic mice also had markedly decreased IL-12 and TNF-α expression. In correspondence with decreased antiviral cytokine responses, the diabetic mice showed substantive viral replication and growth in both the spleen and liver. Consequently, the diabetic mice developed severe viral hepatitis characterized by enhanced ALT, hepatic steatosis and lesions, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. These data strongly indicate that the diabetic state can considerably diminish the protective antiviral cytokine expression which may play a significant role in the increased severity and risk of complications of viral infections in diabetic patients.
Trends in Preterm Birth and Perinatal Mortality Among Singletons: United States, 1989 Through 2000 (2005)

Temporal trends in preterm birth varied substantially based on underlying subtype and maternal race. The recent increase in medically indicated preterm birth was associated with a favorable reduction in perinatal mortality.
Ultra high-throughput single molecule spectroscopy with a 1024 pixel SPAD (2011)

Single-molecule spectroscopy is a powerful approach to measuring molecular properties such as size, brightness, conformation, and binding constants. Due to the low concentrations in the single-molecule regime, measurements with good statistical accuracy require long acquisition times. Previously we showed a factor of 8 improvement in acquisition speed using a custom-CMOS 8x1 SPAD array. Here we present preliminary results with a 64X improvement in throughput obtained using a liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator (LCOS-SLM) and a novel standard CMOS 1024 pixel SPAD array, opening the way to truly high-throughput single-molecule spectroscopy.
Collision of counterpropagating laser-excited wake bubbles (2014)

The collision of wake bubbles behind two counterpropagating laser pulses in rarefied plasma is investigated using particle-in-cell simulation. Special attention is paid to the highly nonlinear dynamics of the electrons in the interaction region. It is found that, as the two bubbles approach each other and collide, the electrons in the interaction region first oscillate in a periodic fashion, forming a quasistationary dense electron density ripple with fairly regular spatial structure. At longer times, the electron motion becomes chaotic, and the density grating is gradually smeared. The electrons escape in the transverse direction, and eventually the two bubbles merge to form a single one. The transition of the electron motion from regular to chaotic is confirmed by analytical modeling using test electrons moving in counterpropagating planar electromagnetic waves. The findings shed light on the dynamics of wake-bubble collisions and the complex behavior induced by multiple laser pulses in plasmas.
New Aspects of the Blood-Brain Barrier Transporters; Its Physiological Roles in the Central Nervous System (2004)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) segregates the circulating blood from interstitial fluid in the brain, and restricts drug permeability into the brain. Our latest studies have revealed that the BBB transporters play important physiological roles in maintaining the brain milieu. The BBB supplies creatine to the brain for an energy-storing system, and creatine transporter localized at the brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) is involved in BBB creatine transport. The BBB is involved in the brain-to-blood efflux transport of the suppressive neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and GAT2/BGT-1 mediates this transport process. BCECs also express serotonin and norepinephrine transporters. Organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) and ASCT2 are localized at the abluminal membrane of the BCECs. OAT3 is involved in the brain-to-blood efflux of a dopamine metabolite, a uremic toxin and thiopurine nucleobase analogs. ASCT2 plays a role in L-isomer-selective aspartic acid efflux transport at the BBB. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and small neutral amino acids undergo brain-to-blood efflux transport mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptide 2 and ATA2, respectively. The BBB transporters are regulated by various factors, ATA2 by osmolarity, taurine transporter by TNF-alpha, and L-cystine/L-glutamic acid exchange transporter by oxidative stress. Clarifying the physiological roles of BBB transport systems should give us important information allowing the development of better CNS drugs and improving our understanding of the relationship between CNS disorders and BBB function.
Abstract 18995: Absence of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Improves Survival but Not Cardiac Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) causes a sterile inflammatory response through activation of the innate immune system. Upon activation of NLRP3, a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor, i...
Repressed SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway and mitochondrial disintegration in iPSC-derived RPE disease model of age-related macular degeneration (2016)

Our studies suggest SIRT1/PGC-1α as underlying pathways contributing to AMD pathophysiology, and open new avenues for development of targeted drugs for treatment of this devastating neurodegenerative disease of the visual system.
On active lower limb exoskeletons actuators (2008)

Carrying a load increases the metabolic costs of movement: exoskeletons are devices developed primarily to minimize the operatorpsilas energetic contribution for the action. The rise of the exoskeletons research can be set in the second half of the past century. The most important contribution given by these early attempts to develop supporting structures for human use, was to identify and focus the researcherpsilas attention on some key aspects, fundamental for a further implementation of these devices. Among them, the importance of efficient and small supply systems, of precision and control, o simple human interface and of the knowledge of locomotion biomechanics. The aim is a technological approach capable to match the artificial system with the human beings with minimum interactions and maximum synergy. This work deal with the state of art of the projects facing with the development of exoskeletons and active orthoses for the lower limbs. It focuses the actuators problem showing advantages and disadvantages of a variety of technological alternatives. The work is the starting point for a new exoskeleton design.
Why Public Dissemination of Science Matters: A Manifesto (2013)

Communicating science to the public takes time away from busy research careers. So why would you do it? I here offer six reasons. First, we owe that understanding to the people who fund our experiments, the taxpaying public. Second, we can leverage our skills as scientists to inspire critical thinking in public and political dialog. Third, researchers are optimally positioned to stem the flow of scientific misinformation in the media. Fourth, we can explain the ways and the means by which science can (and cannot) improve law and social policy. Fifth, it is incumbent upon us to explain what science is and is not: while it is a way of thinking that upgrades our intuitions, it also comes with a deep understanding of (and tolerance for) uncertainty. Finally, we find ourselves in the pleasurable position of being able to share the raw beauty of the world around us-and in the case of neuroscience, the world inside us. I suggest that scientists are optimally stationed to increase their presence in the public sphere: our training positions us to synthesize large bodies of data, weigh the evidence, and communicate with nuance, sincerity and exactitude.
Rescue of Fertility in Homozygous Mice for the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Transgene by the Transplantation of Mouse Hepatocytes (2008)

Development of the urokinase plasminogen activator/SCID (uPA/SCID) transgenic mouse model has opened new perspectives for the study of different biological mechanisms such as liver regeneration, stem cell differentiation, and human hepatic pathogens. We observed that homozygous uPA/SCID mice (uPA+/+/SCID) had a small offspring, indicating a fertility defect. The goal of this study was thus to rescue the fertility of homozygous uPA mice. A deregulation of ovarian function with an absence of corpus luteum was observed in female uPA+/+/SCID mice. In male uPA+/+/SCID mice, a decrease of the weight of the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate was measured. This was associated with an absence of seminal and prostatic secretions and a reduction in testicular sperm production. We hypothesized that the infertility of mice was the consequence of uPA-induced liver injury. Thus, in order to rescue liver function, hepatocytes from mice negative for the uPA transgene were transplanted into uPA+/+/SCID mice. Thirty days after cell transplantation, the livers of transplanted uPA+/+/SCID mice were totally repopulated and presented a normal morphology. Furthermore, transplantation restored normal body weight, life span, and reproductive organ function. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the transplantation of uPA+/+/SCID mice with healthy hepatocytes was sufficient to rescue the reproductive capacity of female and male uPA homozygous animals, highlighting the importance of normal liver function to reproductive capability.
Table S1 from Systemic LRG1 Expression in Melanoma is Associated with Disease Progression and Recurrence (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 shows an overview evaluated immuno-oncology markers by Olink proteomic assay&lt;/p&gt;
Prostate cancer disclosure and sexual orientation: Understanding outness to healthcare providers as a situational or consistent phenomenon (2021)

It is important for healthcare providers to inquire about patient's sexual orientation to provide holistic care to these patients to address health disparities within this group.