gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycolysis is suppressed by DCZ0801-induced inactivation of the Akt/mTOR pathway in Multiple Myeloma (2020)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly invasive and incurable plasma cell malignant disease with frequent recurrence. DCZ0801 is a natural compound synthesized from osalmide and pterostilbene and has few adverse effects. Here, we aimed to observe the therapeutic effects of DCZ0801 on myeloma cells and clarify the specific molecular mechanism underlying its anti-tumor activity. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, apoptosis detection, cell cycle analysis, western blot analysis, and tumor xenograft models were used to determine the effect of DCZ0801 treatment both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>. We revealed that DCZ0801 treatment suppressed MM cell survival by inducing apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle at S phase. Deranged glycolysis and downregulated Akt/mTOR pathway may also be responsible for cell proliferation inhibition. Moreover, DCZ0801 treatment could remarkably reduce the tumor size in the xenograft mouse model. Therefore these findings indicate that DCZ0801 can be used as a novel therapeutic drug for patients suffering from multiple myeloma.
Farming for impact - a case study of smallholder agriculture in Rwanda (2012)

This case study demonstrates that with targeted support and favourable policy conditions, resource-poor farmers can increase their productivity and contribute to hunger and poverty reduction goals. Findings indicate that the Government of Rwanda (GoR) has invested in smallholder farming and as a result, agricultural productivity and output has increased in the country. These increases have partially insulated Rwanda from food price spikes in East Africa and led to general food availability increasing in the country.
Active Roles of Tumor Stroma in Breast Cancer Metastasis (2012)

Metastasis is the major cause of death for breast cancer patients. Tumors are heterogenous cellular entities composed of cancer cells and cells of the microenvironment in which they reside. A reciprocal dynamic interaction occurs between the tumor cells and their surrounding stroma under physiological and pathological conditions. This tumor-host communication interface mediates the escape of tumor cells at the primary site, survival of circulating cancer cells in the vasculature, and growth of metastatic cancer at secondary site. Each step of the metastatic process is accompanied by recruitment of stromal cells from the microenvironment and production of unique array of growth factors and chemokines. Stromal microenvironment may play active roles in breast cancer metastasis. Elucidating the types of cells recruited and signal pathways involved in the crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells will help identify novel strategies for cotargeting cancer cells and tumor stromal cells to suppress metastasis and improve patient outcome.
A High Yield Synthesis of Ligand-Free Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles with High Electrocatalytic Activity (2011)

Stable blue suspensions of 2 nm diameter iridium oxide (IrOx·nH2O) nanoparticles were obtained by hydrolyzing IrCl62− in base at 90 °C to produce [Ir(OH)6]2− and then treating with HNO3 at 0 °C. UV−visible spectra show that acid condensation of [Ir(OH)6]2− results in quantitative conversion to stable, ligand-free IrOx·nH2O nanoparticles, which have an extinction coefficient of 630 ± 50 M−1cm−1 at 580 nm. In contrast, alkaline hydrolysis alone converts only 30% of the sample to IrOx·nH2O at 2 mM concentration. The acidified nanoparticles are stable for at least one month at 2 °C and can be used to make colloidal solutions between pH 1 and 13. At pH 7 and above, some hydrolysis to form [Ir(OH)6]2− occurs. Uniform IrOx·nH2O electrode films were grown anodically from pH 1 solutions, and were found to be highly active for water oxidation between pH 1 and 13.
CRC Handbook of Fruit Set and Development (1986)

Different phases of fruit development and utilization have been treated in many textbooks, reviews, and a host of scientific and professional papers. This seems, however, to be the first attempt to bring together case histories of so many different fruits and to present a balanced account of the whole period from set to harvest. Postharvest physiology, which has been in the centre of the picture in many former books, is at the bored line of the subject matter of this book, and has not been fully covered, except in a few cases. For this reason, two separate chapters deal with physiological and pathological aspects of fruit life after harvest.
In vivo augmentation of rat lung natural killer cell activity and inhibition of experimental metastases by double-stranded polynucleotides. (1985)

The in vivo effect on natural killer cell activity of the compound rln X r(C12 X U)m, a mismatched nontoxic analogue of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [rln X rCn], was tested in inbred Wistar AG rats by measuring the natural killer cell activity of lymphocytes freshly isolated from lung capillaries. Lysis was measured in a 4-h chromium release assay using YAC-1 or syngeneic P77 lung tumor cells as target. Treatment of an animal with rln X r(C12 X U)n substantially enhanced natural killer cell activity to an extent comparable to the increase produced by rln X rCn. This boosting of natural killer activity was correlated closely with a decrease in the incidence of experimental pulmonary metastasis. However, the beneficial effect lasted for only a short period after stimulation, due to the transient nature of double stranded polynucleotide enhancement and to the concomitantly rapid extravasation of tumor cells into the lung parenchyma. It is concluded that natural killer cells are important in host defense against circulating tumor cells and can be boosted by nontoxic mismatched double stranded polynucleotides.
CONTINUOUS COMMISSIONING SM OF A THERMAL STORAGE SYSTEM (2001)

Chilled water thermal storage systems can reduce the electrical demand charge during the onpeak months. However, operational problems such as the inability to fully charge the system or premature discharge of the stored cooling capacity can be costly, which can result in turning on chillers during on-peak hours in order to provide cooling to the buildings. In this paper the optimization of a thermal storage system operation through Continuous Commissioning SM is presented. Detailed building and chilled water loop commissioning activities are discussed.
Diagnosis and management of fragile X syndrome. (2005)

To complement the 2005 Annual Clinical Focus on medical genomics, AFP will be publishing a series of short reviews on genetic syndromes. This series was designed to increase awareness of these diseases so that family physicians can recognize and diagnose children with these disorders and understand the kind of care they might require in the future. The first review in this series discusses fragile X syndrome.
Surface Chemistry, Structure, and Electronic Properties from Microns to the Atomic Scale of Axially Doped Semiconductor Nanowires (2012)

Using both synchrotron-based photoemission electron microscopy/spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we obtain a complete picture of the surface composition, morphology, and electronic structure of InP nanowires. Characterization is done at all relevant length scales from micrometer to nanometer. We investigate nanowire surfaces with native oxide and molecular adsorbates resulting from exposure to ambient air. Atomic hydrogen exposure at elevated temperatures which leads to the removal of surface oxides while leaving the crystalline part of the wire intact was also studied. We show how surface chemical composition will seriously influence nanowire electronic properties. However, opposite to, for example, Ge nanowires, water or sulfur molecules adsorbed on the exterior oxidized surfaces are of less relevance. Instead, it is the final few atomic layers of the oxide which plays the most significant role by strongly negatively doping the surface. The InP nanowires in air are rather insensitive to their chemical surroundings in contrast to what is often assumed for nanowires. Our measurements allow us to draw a complete energy diagram depicting both band gap and differences in electron affinity across an axial nanowire p-n junction. Our findings thus give a robust set of quantitative values relating surface chemical composition to specific electronic properties highly relevant for simulating the performance of nanoscale devices.
Premiminary tests on modified clays for electrolyte contaminated drilling fluids (2015)

Summary The quality of a bentonite suspension declines in aggressive systems like brackish or saline pore water. An engineered clay (HYPER clay) was developed for sealing materials with enhanced resistance to aggressive conditions. The modified clay is produced by treating a sodium activated bentonite with a cellulose polymer following the HYPER clay process method. This study investigates the suitability of the modified clay for electrolyte contaminated drilling fluids. Drilling fluids become contaminated with saline pore water, e.g. pick up an electrolyte contamination, while drilling a formation at for example an estuary or near the coast. Preliminary laboratory tests were performed to study drilling fluid resistance to electrolytes. Therefore the drilling fluids were contaminated with sea water. Subsequently drilling fluid functionality was characterized by its filtration performance, thixotropic behavior, rheology (gel strength, yield point and viscosity) and bleeding behavior. Drilling fluid performance was analyzed at various electrolyte concentrations (7.6, 14 and 28 volume percentage sea water by total volume). Filter press tests (API, 13B-I) showed that the filtration performance improved significantly due to polymer treatment. Moreover, results showed that the rheology properties can be controlled using Xanthan Gum as an additive.
Action and Inhibition of Endogenous Phospholipases during Isolation of Plant Membranes (1978)

Endogenous phospholipase D and phosphatidic acid phosphatase activities were demonstrated in membrane fractions isolated from soybean (Glycine max L.) hypocotyls. Phospholipase D activity was distributed widely among different membrane fractions while phosphatidic acid phosphatase was found predominantly in membranes equilibrating in lower sucrose densities. Phospholipase D action was unaffected by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium salt or ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid but was prevented by a mixture of 4% choline and 4% ethanolamine. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase was inhibited by 10 millimolar glycerol 1-phosphate or by homogenization media prepared with coconut milk as a solvent instead of water. Under fully protected conditions the phospholipid composition of soybean membrane fractions remained unchanged for at least 1 hour at 20 C. Membranes prepared under protected conditions had low phosphatidic acid contents and the phospholipid compositions closely resembled those of corresponding animal membranes.
MicroRNA Expression-Based Model Indicates Event-Free Survival in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2017)

Purpose Children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) whose disease is refractory to standard induction chemotherapy therapy or who experience relapse after initial response have dismal outcomes. We sought to comprehensively profile pediatric AML microRNA (miRNA) samples to identify dysregulated genes and assess the utility of miRNAs for improved outcome prediction. Patients and Methods To identify miRNA biomarkers that are associated with treatment failure, we performed a comprehensive sequence-based characterization of the pediatric AML miRNA landscape. miRNA sequencing was performed on 1,362 samples-1,303 primary, 22 refractory, and 37 relapse samples. One hundred sixty-four matched samples-127 primary and 37 relapse samples-were analyzed by using RNA sequencing. Results By using penalized lasso Cox proportional hazards regression, we identified 36 miRNAs the expression levels at diagnosis of which were highly associated with event-free survival. Combined expression of the 36 miRNAs was used to create a novel miRNA-based risk classification scheme (AMLmiR36). This new miRNA-based risk classifier identifies those patients who are at high risk (hazard ratio, 2.830; P ≤ .001) or low risk (hazard ratio, 0.323; P ≤ .001) of experiencing treatment failure, independent of conventional karyotype or mutation status. The performance of AMLmiR36 was independently assessed by using 878 patients from two different clinical trials (AAML0531 and AAML1031). Our analysis also revealed that miR-106a-363 was abundantly expressed in relapse and refractory samples, and several candidate targets of miR-106a-5p were involved in oxidative phosphorylation, a process that is suppressed in treatment-resistant leukemic cells. Conclusion To assess the utility of miRNAs for outcome prediction in patients with pediatric AML, we designed and validated a miRNA-based risk classification scheme. We also hypothesized that the abundant expression of miR-106a could increase treatment resistance via modulation of genes that are involved in oxidative phosphorylation.
Back Cover Advanced Materials 1–2/2012 (2012)

Self-assembled nanoparticle aggregates with spherical shape using inkjet printing (colorized SEM image by digital image processing). Further details can be found in the article by E. Sowade et. al. on page 98.
Probing the Uniqueness and Randomness of IrisCodes: Results From 200 Billion Iris Pair Comparisons (2006)

Recent large-scale deployments of iris recognition for border-crossing controls enable critical assessment of the robustness of this technology against making false matches, since vast numbers of cross comparisons become possible within large databases. This paper presents results from the 200 billion iris cross comparisons that could be performed within a database of 632 500 different iris images, spanning 152 nationalities. Each iris pattern was encoded into a phase sequence of 2048 bits using the Daugman algorithms. Empirically analyzing the tail of the resulting distribution of similarity scores enables specification of decision thresholds, and prediction of performance, of the iris recognition algorithms if deployed in identification mode on national scales
Analysis of commercial selenium-supplement tablets. (2000)

Commercially available selenium-supplement tablets, obtained from a supermarket and a health food store in several lots were analyzed to compare reported and observed values of total selenium. Atomic absorption spectrometry with a hydride generator was used, and the results were confirmed for selected lots using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry. Results indicate more variation than might be suspected. Several lots contained a significantly higher amount of selenium than reported with one lot having 50% more. One brand contained only 20-25% of the reported concentration, a significantly lower amount. Tablets were analyzed and compared to determine which brand, if any, had the most reliable amount per tablet.
Pyramidal inversion in silyl anions (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyramidal inversion in silyl anionsJames R. Damewood Jr. and Christopher M. HadadCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 1, 33–36Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100312a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100312a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Vibrational properties of green wood in high-temperature water vapor (2005)

Abstract The object of this study was to measure basic wood properties when water in wood is lost by heating under high temperature and high humidity. Using Sitka spruce ( Picea sitchensis Carr.) specimens with dimensions of 110 mm (R)×25 mm (L)×8 mm (T), temperature and weight were measured and free-free flexural vibration tests were conducted in water vapor at 115–150°C and 75–98% relative humidity. The results were compared to those at high temperatures without humidity control under atmospheric pressure. Early in the drying process, the resonance frequency and loss tangent showed a minimum and maximum, respectively. Temporal changes in the temperature, moisture content and vibrational properties were similar to those in heating without humidity control, while the specific Young's modulus and loss tangent during the drying processes were much smaller and greater, respectively, than those in heating without humidity control. Hence, we concluded that the wood was remarkably softened by high temperature and moisture.
Cutaneous polyautoimmunity in two unrelated dogs: pemphigus foliaceus and generalized discoid lupus erythematosus (2020)

Cutaneous polyautoimmunity can occur in the dog. Depending on the specific disease combinations, overlapping clinical features may present diagnostic and/or therapeutic challenges. Moreover, these cases should be monitored for development of additional cutaneous or extra-cutaneous AD(s).
Taller de Química Espectacular (2015)

En el Taller de Quimica Espectacular se describen y desarrollan distintos experimentos visualmente muy atractivos que permiten observar reacciones quimicas con reactivos de propiedades opuestas, percibir desde el punto de vista sensorial las caracteristicas de la reaccion y en general, apreciar aspectos que se relacionan con conceptos de quimica tales como velocidad de reaccion y catalisis, reacciones exotermicas y endotermicas, reacciones redox, equilibrios de precipitacion, cristalizaciones, estequiometria en las formulaciones, estados de equilibrio y oscilaciones etc. Con el desarrollo de estos experimentos se pretende divulgar la quimica demostrando que es divertida, entretenida, y que esta presente en la vida cotidiana, fomentando la creatividad e imaginacion de los alumnos, y motivandoles a experimentar y a plantearse cuestiones de tipo quimico.
The concentration of erlotinib in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer (2013)

It has been demonstrated that erlotinib is effective in treating patients with brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the number of studies determining the erlotinib concentration in these patients is limited. The purpose of this study was to measure the concentration of erlotinib in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Six patients were treated with the standard recommended daily dose of erlotinib (150 mg) for 4 weeks. All the patients had previously received chemotherapy, but no brain radiotherapy. At the end of the treatment period, blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected and the erlotinib concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The average erlotinib concentration in the blood plasma and the cerebrospinal fluid was 717.7±459.7 and 23.7±13.4 ng/ml, respectively. The blood-brain barrier permeation rate of erlotinib was found to be 4.4±3.2%. In patients with partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD), the average concentrations of erlotinib in the cerebrospinal fluid were 35.5±19.0, 19.1±8.7 and 16.4±5.9 ng/ml, respectively. In addition, the efficacy rate of erlotinib for metastatic brain lesions was 33.3%, increasing to 50% in patients with <i>EGFR</i> mutations. However, erlotinib appeared to be ineffective in cases with wild-type <i>EGFR</i>. In conclusion, a relatively high concentration of erlotinib was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer. Thus, erlotinib may be considered as a treatment option for this patient population.
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy 50. Kinetic Study of Electrode Reactions by the Tip Generation−Substrate Collection Mode (2004)

A scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) methodology for localized quantitative kinetic studies of electrode reactions based on the tip generation-substrate collection (TG-SC) operation mode is presented. This approach does not use the mediator feedback required in typical kinetic SECM experiments. The reactant is galvanostatically electrogenerated on a tip placed in proximity to the substrate. It diffuses through the tip-substrate gap and undergoes the reaction of interest on the substrate surface. The substrate current is monitored with time until it reaches an apparent steady-state value. The process was digitally simulated using an explicit finite difference method, for an irreversible first-order electrode reaction at the substrate. Transient responses, steady-state polarization curves, and TG-SC approach curves can be used to obtain substrate kinetics. The effects of the experimental parameters were analyzed. The possibility of easily changing the experimental conditions with the SECM is an attractive approach to obtain independent evidence that can be used for a strict test of reaction mechanisms. The technique was applied for a preliminary simplified kinetic examination of the oxygen reduction reaction in phosphoric acid.
Figure S6 from Probody Therapeutic Design of <sup>89</sup>Zr-CX-072 Promotes Accumulation in PD-L1–Expressing Tumors Compared to Normal Murine Lymphoid Tissue (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In vivo kinetics of â�¸â�¹Zr-CX-072, â�¸â�¹Zr-PbCtrl and â�¸â�¹Zr-CX-072.&lt;/p&gt;
An optimal power supply and body bias voltage for a ultra low power micro-controller with silicon on thin box MOSFET (2015)

Body bias control is an efficient means of balancing the trade-off between leakage power and performance especially for chips with silicon on thin buried oxide (SOTB), a type of FD-SOI technology. In this work, a method for finding the optimal combination of the supply voltage and body bias voltage to the core and memory is proposed and applied to a real micro-controller chip using SOTB CMOS technology. By obtaining several coefficients of equations for leakage power, switching power and operational frequency from the real chip measurements, the optimized voltage setting can be obtained for the target operational frequency. The power consumption lost by the error of optimization is 12.6% at maximum, and it can save at most 73.1% of power from the cases where only the body bias voltage is optimized. This method can be applied to the latest FD-SOI technologies.