gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementing a digital system for contact tracing and case investigation during COVID-19 pandemic in San Francisco: a qualitative study (2021)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many health jurisdictions deployed digital informatics systems to support "manual" case investigation and contact tracing (CICT). This case study evaluates the implementation and use of a digital information system through the experiences of CICT workers in the City and County of San Francisco (CCSF). We conducted semi-structured, 90-min interviews with a sample of the CCSF CICT workforce (<i>n</i> = 37). Participants also completed standardized assessments of the digital system using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Qualitative analyses highlighted (1) the importance of digital tools to ensure rapid onboarding and effective data capture in a public health emergency; (2) the use of digital systems to support culturally sensitive care; and (3) the role of digitals tools in building supportive work environments. The mean SUS score was 70/100 (SD = 17), indicating relative ease of use. In summary, the analysis highlights the importance of digital tools to support manual CICT in the COVID-19 response.
Persistent neuropathology and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of status epilepticus induced by acute intoxication with diisopropylfluorophosphate (2021)

Organophosphate (OP) nerve agents and pesticides are a class of neurotoxic compounds that can cause status epilepticus (SE), and death following acute high-dose exposures. While the standard of care for acute OP intoxication (atropine, oxime, and high-dose benzodiazepine) can prevent mortality, survivors of OP poisoning often experience long-term brain damage and cognitive deficits. Preclinical studies of acute OP intoxication have primarily used rat models to identify candidate medical countermeasures. However, the mouse offers the advantage of readily available knockout strains for mechanistic studies of acute and chronic consequences of OP-induced SE. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine whether a mouse model of acute diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) intoxication would produce acute and chronic neurotoxicity similar to that observed in rat models and humans following acute OP intoxication. Adult male C57BL/6J mice injected with DFP (9.5 mg/kg, s.c.) followed 1 min later with atropine sulfate (0.1 mg/kg, i.m.) and 2-pralidoxime (25 mg/kg, i.m.) developed behavioral and electrographic signs of SE within minutes that continued for at least 4 h. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition persisted for at least 3 d in the blood and 14 d in the brain of DFP mice relative to vehicle (VEH) controls. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed significant neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in multiple brain regions at 1, 7, and 28 d post-exposure in the brains of DFP mice relative to VEH controls. Deficits in locomotor and home-cage behavior were observed in DFP mice at 28 d post-exposure. These findings demonstrate that this mouse model replicates many of the outcomes observed in rats and humans acutely intoxicated with OPs, suggesting the feasibility of using this model for mechanistic studies and therapeutic screening.
Recombinant cancer vaccines and new vaccine targets (2013)

Interview by Jenaid Rees, Commissioning Editor Jeffrey Schlom obtained his PhD from Rutgers University (NJ, USA). After obtaining his PhD, he worked at Columbia University (NY, USA) before moving in 1973 to the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (MD, USA). Since then he has served as the Chief of several sections, including his present position as the Chief of the Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology in the Center for Cancer Research which he has held for the past 30 years. During this period, he has worked as an Adjunct Professor at George Washington University (Washington, DC, USA), served on the Editorial Board of several journals and holds membership in a number of committees. He holds over 30 patents and patent applications in the areas of vaccines, tumor antigens and monoclonal antibodies and has received honors and awards throughout his career. Jeffrey Schlom has been involved in translational research involving the immunotherapy of a range of carcinomas and predominantly works in the areas of tumor immunology, mechanisms of tumor cell-immune cell interactions and immune mechanisms. He has recently been working on the design and characterization of recombinant vaccines for cancer therapy.
Data fusion in pathfinder and TravTek (1991)

Control centers for IVHS systems are the focal point for collecting data from a wide variety of sources. These data can be in electronic form, such as the output from traffic detectors and computer systems or in anecdotal form such as police and radio reports or maintenance activities. There are two basic problems with handling this data; the data ages at differential rates and the quality of information varies according to the source. A video image of an accident scene is much more reliable than the output of an incident detection algorithm. Within IVHS control systems such data needs to be accumulated, organized and disseminated. In such systems, decisions need to be made for several thousand links every minute, 24 hours per day. This process has been termed data fusion. This paper describes the data fusion process and the manner in which it is applied in the Pathfinder and TravTek projects.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Carboxamidation of Sydnones with Chlorosulfonyl Isocyanate. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Flash Point Value for n-Dodecane Based on the Manual Pensky−Martens Closed Cup Method (ASTM D-93) (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Flash Point Value for n-Dodecane Based on the Manual Pensky−Martens Closed Cup Method (ASTM D-93)Janet M. Hughes, Dennis R. Hardy, and Erna J. BealView Author Information Geo-Centers, Inc., Indian Head Highway, Ft. Washington, Maryland 20744 Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6181, 4555 Overlook Ave., Washington, D.C. 20375-5342Cite this: Energy Fuels 1996, 10, 6, 1276–1277Publication Date (Web):November 20, 1996Publication History Received2 January 1996Revised26 June 1996Published online20 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef960002yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ef960002yrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical calculations,Computational chemistry,Liquids,Redox reactions,Vapor pressure Get e-Alerts
Design Optimization Tool for Synthetic Jet Actuators Using Lumped Element Modeling (2013)

The performance specifications of any actuator are quantified in terms of an exhaustive list of parameters such as bandwidth, output control authority, etc. Flow-control applications benefit from a known actuator frequency response function that relates the input voltage to the output property of interest (e.g., maximum velocity, volumetric flow rate, momentum flux, etc.). Clearly, the required performance metrics are application specific, and methods are needed to achieve the optimal design of these devices. Design and optimization studies have been conducted for piezoelectric cantilever-type flow control actuators, but the modeling issues are simpler compared to synthetic jets. Here, lumped element modeling (LEM) is combined with equivalent circuit representations to estimate the nonlinear dynamic response of a synthetic jet as a function of device dimensions, material properties, and external flow conditions. These models provide reasonable agreement between predicted and measured frequency response functions and thus are suitable for use as design tools. In this work, we have developed a Matlab-based design optimization tool for piezoelectric synthetic jet actuators based on the lumped element models mentioned above. Significant improvements were achieved by optimizing the piezoceramic diaphragm dimensions. Synthetic-jet actuators were fabricated and benchtop tested to fully document their behavior and validate a companion optimization effort. It is hoped that the tool developed from this investigation will assist in the design and deployment of these actuators.
Trap Reduction through O3 Post‐Deposition Treatment of Y2O3 Thin Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition on Ge Substrates (2021)

Abstract For Ge‐based metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor application, high‐k Y 2 O 3 thin films are deposited on Ge single‐crystal substrate using atomic layer deposition. The primary drawbacks of a metal‐oxide‐semiconductor capacitor with pristine Y 2 O 3 are large hysteresis and high leakage current. Through forming gas annealing (FGA), the leakage current can be reduced by approximately three orders of magnitude, along with the reduction of interface trap density. However, there is still a large hysteresis in the capacitance–voltage curves. O 3 post‐deposition annealing (OPA) is used to solve the problem. The formation of the YGeO x interfacial layer through OPA and the reduction of the defect level of the Y 2 O 3 thin film effectively decrease the hysteresis, which also decreases the leakage current. Additionally, the hysteresis is 690 mV when only FGA is performed. However, it is further reduced to 260 mV through OPA. Moreover, the remote oxygen scavenging effect using TiN/Pt electrodes prevents an unintentional increase in equivalent oxide thickness (EOT). The 4.7 nm thick Y 2 O 3 film results in an EOT of 1.77 nm and leakage current density of 2.1 × 10 −7 A cm −2 (at flat band voltage—1 V) after the OPA.
Fighting HIV/AIDS In Washington, D.C. (2009)

Washington, D.C., is the capital of the United States and is a major center for public health and health policy expertise. Yet the District of Columbia has an HIV prevalence rate among adults of 3 percent, on par with some sub-Saharan African countries. To date, the local public health response has not controlled the epidemic. The ways in which that response has been galvanized in recent years--through collaboration among the capital's public health agencies, community and faith organizations, and research institutions--may be instructive to other jurisdictions combating HIV/AIDS.
Full‐Color Emission from In2S3 and In2S3:Eu3+ Nanoparticles. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Characterization of SiC coatings on HTGR fuel particles: preliminary report (1979)

Fuel particles for the HTGR contain a layer of pyrolytic silicon carbide to act as a pressure vessel and fission product barrier. The SiC is deposited by the thermal decomposition of methyltrichlorosilane (CH/sub 3/SiC/sub 3/ or MTS) in an excess of hydrogen. Coatings deposited at temperatures from 1500 to 1700/sup 0/C and coating rates of 0.4 to 1.2 ..mu..m/min have been studied by optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and density measurements. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has shown the microstructural features to be extremely complex and much finer than the ability of optical microscopy to resolve. X-ray diffraction has detected traces of ..cap alpha..-SiC in some coatings, and those conditions of deposition temperature and coating rate that give rise to this phase have been determined.
Novel Wheel Skid Detection Method without Chassis Velocity for Electric Vehicle (2000)

Novel wheel skid detection method for electric vehicle (EV) is proposed and experimentally evaluated. This proposed method can detect the skid of wheel with only the values of current and rotating velocity of each motor. Estimation of vehicle chassis velocity or wheel absolute velocity is not required any more, and this is a remarkable advantage over conventional methods for anti skid brake system (ABS) or traction control system (TCS). In this proposed method, skid is detected with the dependence of traction force on motor torque. Traction force is estimated with simple disturbance observer. Therefore, the exact value of shaft input torque is required in this method. It is quite easy for EV, but not so for internal combustion vehicle (ICV). Proposed algorithm is examined with experimental results with laboratory-made electric vehicle “UOT Electric March-I”. These experimental data show the effectiveness of our new skid detection method. Another simulation results show that the skid prevention can be achieved with proposed skid detection method.
Study on the use of low field nuclear magnetic resonance for detecting asphalt aging (2017)

Authors of this paper recently introduced the application of Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) to evaluate the aging state of asphalt mix samples. This method was able to determine the aging trends of asphalt samples based on the viscosity of their binders. In this study, binders were extracted from the asphalt mix samples that were previously analyzed using LF-NMR. The rheological properties of the binders were determined using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). The extracted binders were also characterized using a LF-NMR probe that allows the measurement of short echotimes, which is more accurate compared to the standard probe. The LF-NMR displayed the same viscosity trends detected by the DSR. Both methods showed that the binder viscosity follows an increasing trend as the aging time increases, as expected. However, smaller differences appear for binders that were extracted from samples aged for the same period but containing different air voids.
ADMINISTRATION OF Fas/Fc FUSION PROTEIN SUPPRESSES DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY RESPONSES IN MICE. (1999)

232 The cell surface expression of Fas ligand (FasL) is significantly upregulated on activated T cells compared to unstimulated T cells. This property can be exploited to specifically target only activated T cells. Moreover, allo-activated FasL-expressing host T cells might contribute to graft rejection by inducing apoptotic death of Fas-bearing graft parenchymal cells. These features provide the rationale for the development of therapeutic agents that target FasL-expressing T cells. We developed a murine fusion protein that joins the extracellular domain of Fas to the Fc region of IgG2a. The Fas/Fc hybrid protein was designed to bind FasL on activated T cells and to direct IgG mediated effector functions of CDC and ADCC against these cells. The relevant cDNA fragments were PCR-cloned into an expression vector and transfected into a murine non-secreting myeloma cell line. High producing transfectants were identified by limiting dilution assays and ELISA based screening of supernatants. Fas/Fc was purified over a protein A column and its predicted form as a hybrid homodimeric molecule confirmed by protein gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Flow cytometry verified Fas/Fc binding to activated T cells. The ability of Fas/Fc to abrogate cell-mediated immune responses was then tested in a DTH model. Mice were first sensitized with subcutaneous abdominal wall injections of methylated BSA (MBSA) and then rechallenged one week later with 20 ul MBSA injection into one rear footpad and 20 ul of normal saline into the opposite rear footpad. The degree of footpad swelling was measured at various time points using a micrometer. The difference in swelling between the two footpads was defined to be that attributable to the DTH response. Mice were randomized to receive 10 ug of either Fas/Fc or murine IgG daily by I.P. injection starting at the time of MBSA rechallenge. Treatment with Fas/Fc consistently suppressed the DTH response by 55 to 75% measured at 48 and 72 hours post rechallenge compared to murine IgG treated controls. Targeting FasL-expressing cells with Fas/Fc can suppress in vivo cell-mediated immune responses. Its efficacy in murine models of transplantation is currently being explored.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of η4‐1,3‐Diphosphacyclobutadiene(η5‐1,2‐dicarbaborane)rhodium Complexes; Crystal Structures of the Compounds (NEt4)(Rh(η4‐tBu2C2P2)(η5‐C2B9H11)), (Rh(η4‐tBu2C2P2Au(PPh3))(η5‐C2B9H11)), and (Rh(η4‐tBu2C2P2Co(CO)2(η4‐C4Me4))(η5‐C2B9H11)). (1990)

Abstract The reaction of (I) with the phosphaalkyne (II) leads to cyclodimerization of the latter and capture of the resulting 1,3‐diphosphacyclobutadiene by the Rh atom yielding the complex (III) (space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 , Z=4).
Synthesis of optically pure enantiomers of grandisol (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of optically pure enantiomers of grandisolFrancis X. Webster and Robert M. SilversteinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 26, 5226–5231Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00376a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00376a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views785Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Confluence of six sigma, simulation and software development (2005)

Purpose The aim of this paper is to highlight the application of six sigma, software engineering techniques and simulation to software development with a view to improving the software process and product. Design/methodology/approach This paper attempts to integrate six sigma and simulation to define, analyse, measure and predict various elements of software development (such as cost, schedule, defects) that influence software quality, thereby helping the software personnel take necessary measures early in the development process to improve the software processes and remove defects. Simulation results provide qualitative and quantitative suggestions on the ways to change the software process to achieve six sigma quality. The integration of six sigma and CMM and the role of knowledge management in software organisations have been taken into account. Findings Most software organisations operate between 2.3 and 3 sigma level. This paper presents a framework for definition, measurement, and analysis of important elements of the software product and process using six sigma tools and exploits the use of simulation in bringing six sigma improvements. Case studies have been presented to demonstrate the findings. Research limitations/implications Application of the techniques presented in this paper would definitely improve software organisations' processes and product. Practical implications The adoption of methodologies outlined in this paper in software companies would enable them to attain improvements in terms of cost, schedule and quality. Originality/value The integration of simulation with six sigma applied to software development is novel in this paper. This paper will be valuable for quality professionals and management personnel in software organisations.
Increased Site 1 Affinity Improves Biopotency of Porcine Growth Hormone (2004)

Based on phage display optimization studies with human growth hormone (GH), it is thought that the biopotency of GH cannot be increased. This is proposed to be a result of the affinity of the first receptor for hormone far exceeding that which is required to trap the hormone long enough to allow diffusion of the second receptor to form the ternary complex, which initiates signaling. We report here that despite similar site 1 kinetics to the hGH/hGH receptor interaction, the potency of porcine GH for its receptor can be increased up to 5-fold by substituting hGH residues involved in site 1 binding into pGH. Based on extensive mutations and BIAcore studies, we show that the higher potency and site 1 affinity of hGH for the pGHR is primarily a result of a decreased off-rate associated with residues in the extended loop between helices 1 and 2 that interact with the two key tryptophans Trp104 and Trp169 in the receptor binding hot spot. Our mutagenic analysis has also identified a second determinant (Lys165), which in addition to His169, restricts the ability of non-primate hormones to activate hGH receptor. The increased biopotency of GH that we observe can be explained by a model for GH receptor activation where subunit alignment is critical for effective signaling.
ANTIOXIDANT, COLOR AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE CHITOSAN FILM INCORPORATED WITH ZATARIA MULTIFLORA BOISS ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES (2011)

Introduction & Objective: The film containing antimicrobial agents are a type of active packaging which is mainly designed to control microbial and chemical spoilage of food. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and color properties of chitosan film incorporated with essential oil of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (ZEO). Materials & Methods: In this experimental study which was conducted at Urmia University of Medical Sciences between 2009-2010, the chemical composition of ZEO was analyzed using GC-MS. Chitosan films containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% ZEO, were obtained by casting method and subsequently, total phenol (TP), antioxidant, color (accordance with hunter system (L* (luminosity), * (redness), and b* (yellowness)) and antimicrobial characteristics of films on Listeria monocytogenes were studied. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software. Results: The order of TP for all films in the experiment was 2% ZEO1% ZEO 0.5% ZEO unsupplemented chitosan film, respectively. It was also concluded that the antioxidant activity of chitosan films was increased by adding various concentrations of ZEO. These increases were significant for film containing 1% (33.98%) and 2% (37.77%) ZEO (p0.05). Regarding the color luminosity (L*) of the chitosan film, results indicated no significant changes by incorporating ZEO, whereas the incorporation of ZEO into films had a significant effect on film yellowness, evidenced by lower b* values. Finally, it was shown that the presence of ZEO in chitosan films significantly modified the anti- listerial activity of chitosan, (p0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that an active film from chitosan could be achieved by incorporating ZEO. Addition of ZEO improves functional and antibacterial characteristics of chitosan film.