gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-3 supports expansion of long-term multilineage repopulating activity after multiple stem cell divisions in vitro (2000)

Although long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can self-renew and expand extensively in vivo, most efforts at expanding HSC in vitro have proved unsuccessful and have frequently resulted in compromised rather than improved HSC grafts. This has triggered the search for the optimal combination of cytokines for HSC expansion. Through such studies, c-kit ligand (KL), flt3 ligand (FL), thrombopoietin, and IL-11 have emerged as likely positive regulators of HSC self-renewal. In contrast, numerous studies have implicated a unique and potent negative regulatory role of IL-3, suggesting perhaps distinct regulation of HSC fate by different cytokines. However, the interpretations of these findings are complicated by the fact that different cytokines might target distinct subpopulations within the HSC compartment and by the lack of evidence for HSC undergoing self-renewal. Here, in the presence of KL+FL+megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF), which recruits virtually all Lin−Sca-1+kit+ bone marrow cells into proliferation and promotes their self-renewal under serum-free conditions, IL-3 and IL-11 revealed an indistinguishable ability to further enhance proliferation. Surprisingly, and similar to IL-11, IL-3 supported KL+FL+MGDF-induced expansion of multilineage, long-term reconstituting activity in primary and secondary recipients. Furthermore, high-resolution cell division tracking demonstrated that all HSC underwent a minimum of 5 cell divisions, suggesting that long-term repopulating HSC are not compromised by IL-3 stimulation after multiple cell divisions. In striking contrast, the ex vivo expansion of murine HSC in fetal calf serum-containing medium resulted in extensive loss of reconstituting activity, an effect further facilitated by the presence of IL-3.
Two Arabidopsis 3‐ketoacyl CoA synthase genes, KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY, are functionally redundant in cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis, but differentially controlled by osmotic stress (2009)

Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are essential precursors of cuticular waxes and aliphatic suberins in roots. The first committed step in VLCFA biosynthesis is condensation of C(2) units to an acyl CoA by 3-ketoacyl CoA synthase (KCS). In this study, two KCS genes, KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY, that showed higher expression in stem epidermal peels than in stems were isolated. The relative expression of KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY transcripts was compared among various Arabidopsis organs or tissues and under various stress conditions, including osmotic stress. Although the cuticular waxes were not significantly altered in the kcs20 and kcs2/daisy-1 single mutants, the kcs20 kcs2/daisy-1 double mutant had a glossy green appearance due to a significant reduction of the amount of epicuticular wax crystals on the stems and siliques. Complete loss of KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY decreased the total wax content in stems and leaves by 20% and 15%, respectively, and an increase of 10-34% was observed in transgenic leaves that over-expressed KCS20 or KCS2/DAISY. The stem wax phenotype of the double mutant was rescued by expression of KSC20. In addition, the kcs20 kcs2/daisy-1 roots exhibited growth retardation and abnormal lamellation of the suberin layer in the endodermis. When compared with the single mutants, the roots of kcs20 kcs2/daisy-1 double mutantss exhibited significant reduction of C(22) and C(24) VLCFA derivatives but accumulation of C(20) VLCFA derivatives in aliphatic suberin. Taken together, these findings indicate that KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY are functionally redundant in the two-carbon elongation to C(22) VLCFA that is required for cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis. However, their expression is differentially controlled under osmotic stress conditions.
Klinefelter's Syndrome, Cerebral Germinoma, Chiari Malformation, and Syrinx: A Case Report (1986)

A case of Klinefelter's syndrome associated with intracranial germinoma and Chiari malformation is described. The case is discussed in view of the literature linking Klinefelter's syndrome with skeletal defects and germinoma.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Engineering of Supported Vanadium Oxide Catalysts Through Support Modification. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Short and Efficient Transduction Protocol for Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells with Lentiviral Vectors (2017)

Transduction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with lentiviral vectors (LVs) constitutes a new therapeutic option for the treatment of various monogenic diseases affecting the lymphohematopoietic system. The development of detailed preclinical studies of gene therapy in animal disease models constitutes an essential step in expanding the application of gene therapy in a wide variety of inherited and acquired diseases. Here we describe an efficient protocol to transduce HSPCs from wild-type and Fanconi anemia mice with either gene-marking or therapeutic LVs. In this protocol, purified lineage<sup>-</sup>, Sca-1<sup>+</sup>, c-Kit<sup>+</sup> bone marrow cells were transduced in vitro for a short period of time under conditions that facilitated efficient transduction of HSPCs capable of engrafting in transplanted recipients.
Adjunctive Quetiapine for Treatment-Resistant Adolescent Major Depressive Disorder: ACase Series (2005)

This case series suggests that there may be a role for adjunctive quetiapine in treatment-resistant adolescent depression. Clinical safety and efficacy trials of quetiapine in this population appear to be warranted.
A Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana that Exhibits Chlorosis in Air but Not in Atmospheres Enriched in CO2 (1988)

A mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. which requires a high concentration (2% by volume) of atmospheric CO(2) for growth has been isolated. Unlike previous mutants of this type, this line does not have any apparent defect in photosynthetic CO(2)-fixation, photorespiration, or photosynthetic electron transport. The mutant is abnormally susceptible to pigment bleaching in air but not in 2% CO(2). The presence of normal or above-normal levels of antioxidants, carotenoids, and enzymes involved in reactive oxygen detoxification suggests that the mutant is equipped to detoxify activated oxygen species. Although it was not possible to establish a biochemical basis for the lesion, the properties of the mutant suggest the existence of a previously unidentified role for CO(2).
Ultrafast optical Kerr effect of excitons weakly confined in GaAs thin films (2007)

Abstract We investigate ultrafast response of optical Kerr effect (OKE) induced by excitons weakly confined in GaAs thin films. The observed decay time of optical response agrees approximately with incident pulse duration. At 100‐fs pulse irradiation the response time is estimated to be 170 fs, though the exciton lifetime is about 10 ns. It is considered that the ultrafast response of OKE is caused by not population relaxation but orientation relaxation of excitons. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
SU‐FF‐I‐77: Photon and Electron Specific Absorbed Fractions From the UF Pediatric Tomographic Phantoms (2006)

Purpose: To calculate photon and electron specific absorbed fractions (SAF) by utilizing series of realistic tomographic phantoms of pediatric patients. Method and Material: The series of UF tomographic phantoms, 9‐month male, 4‐year female, 8‐year female, 11‐year male, and 14‐year male, developed at University of Florida, were imported into the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code for this study. Monoenergetic photons and electrons were simulated as homogeneously distributed in various source organs. All possible source‐target organ pairs were considered to calculate absorbed fractions at the target organs from both internal electron and photon emitters localized in source organs. Results: The new sets of photon and electron SAFs were tabulated for the particle energies from 0.01 MeV to 4 MeV. The photon SAFs were compared with those from the ORNL phantoms. It was shown that ORNL phantoms failed to correctly represent the proximities of certain organ pairs and caused significant discrepancies from the UF phantom in terms of photon SAF values. The electron self‐absorbed fractions calculated from the UF phantoms were compared to that given in the ICRP Publication 30 assumptions. For higher electron energies, the assumption of 100% self‐absorption in the ICRP schema was shown to be incorrect, especially for the smaller phantoms and smaller organs with large surface‐to‐volume ratios. For example, the thyroid self absorption was only 21% for 4 MeV electrons in the UF 9‐month phantom. Conclusion: Photon and electron SAFs were calculated for various ages of pediatric patients by utilizing realistic tomographic computational phantoms. It was shown that the tomographic phantoms accurately represent the shapes of various internal organs and their proximities to surrounding organs. The explicit consideration of electron transport demonstrates that the traditional assumption of full energy deposition by energetic beta‐particles can be in error, especially for the younger and smaller patients of this age series.
Deploying Elemental Iodine in a Vapor Form to Disinfect Water and to Clear Biofilms (2020)

Traditionally, iodine has been delivered as a solution, tablet or resin to disinfect water. In this study we evaluated the "I<sub>2</sub> vapor infusion" (I<sub>2</sub>VP) technology which passes an airstream through a matrix containing elemental iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) to produce I<sub>2</sub> vapor as an innovative method of iodine delivery for water disinfection. Pressured air was provided either by a compressor or hand pump. Testing was performed with water inoculated with either Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia</i>, <i>Salmonella</i>) or Gram-positive (<i>Enterococcus</i>) bacteria or with pre-formed <i>Acinetobacter</i> or <i>Staphylococcus</i> biofilms. Bacterial colony forming units were used to assess efficacy of the device. In distilled water all bacteria and biofilms were eliminated after brief exposures (<90 s). Culturable bacteria were also eliminated from pond and municipal sewer water, but the technology was mostly ineffective against dairy lagoon water with high turbidity and organic particulate. Longer duration infusion and higher air volumes used to overcome interference from organic matter were also associated with higher concentrations of residual iodine. We conclude that I<sub>2</sub> vapor infusion has the potential to be useful for emergency water treatment and potentially for reducing microbiological contamination of some waste streams.
Supplementary Table 1 from Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Mutations and Wound Healing Contribute to the Etiology of Desmoid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDf file - 56K&lt;/p&gt;
An anti-peptide antibody targeted to a specific region of rat cytochrome P-450IA2 inhibits enzyme activity (1990)

An anti-peptide antibody has been produced which binds to and specifically inhibits the activity of cytochrome P-450IA2 in rat hepatic microsomes. This was achieved by raising an antibody against a synthetic peptide (Ser-Glu-Asn-Tyr-Lys-Asp-Asn), the sequence of which occurs in cytochrome P-450IA2 at positions 290-296. The selection of this region of cytochrome P-450IA2 was based on several criteria, including prediction of surface and loop areas, identification of variable regions between cytochromes P-450IA2 and P-450IA1, and consideration of a site on cytochrome P-450IA1 where chemical modification has been shown to cause substantial enzyme inactivation. The specificity of antibody binding was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by immunoblotting using hepatic microsomal preparations and purified cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes. This showed that the antibody binds specifically to rat and mouse cytochrome P-450IA2 and to no other cytochrome P-450, as was predicted from the amino acid sequences of the peptide and the cytochromes P-450. The effect of the antibody upon enzyme activity was studied in hepatic microsomes from rats treated with 3-methylcholanthrene. The antibody was shown to inhibit specifically the activity of reactions catalysed by cytochrome P-450IA2 (phenacetin O-de-ethylase and 2-acetylaminofluorene activation), but had no effect on aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, which is catalysed by cytochrome P-450IA1, or on aflatoxin B1 activation.
Characterization of 2014 summer drought over Henan province using remotely sensed data (2015)

An exceptional drought struck Henan province during the summer of 2014. It caused directly the financial loss reaching to hundreds of billion Yuan (RMB), and brought the adverse influence for people’s life, agricultural production as well as the ecosystem. The study in this paper characterized the Henan 2014 summer drought event through analyzing the spatial distribution of drought severity using precipitation data from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST) products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. The trend analysis of the annual precipitation from 2003 to 2014 showed that the region over Henan province is becoming dry. Especially in the east of Henan province, the decrease of precipitation is more obvious with the maximum change rate of ~48 mm/year. The rainfall in summer (from June to August) of 2014 was the largest negtive anomaly in contrast with the same period of historical years, which was 43% lower than the average of the past ten years. Drought severity derived from Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) indicated that all areas of Henan province experienced drought in summer of 2014 with different severity levels. The extreme drought, accounting for about 22.7 % of Henan total area, mainly occurred in Luohe, Xuchang, and Pingdingshan regions, and partly in Nanyang, Zhengzhou, and Jiaozuo. This is consistent with the statistics from local municipalities. The Normalized Drought Index Anomaly (NDAI), calculated from MODIS NDVI and LST products, can capture the evolution of the Henan 2014 summer drought effectively. Drought severity classified by NDAI also agreed well with the result from the SPI.
Robustness of dispersion-managed solitons to the polarization-mode dispersion in optical fibers (2001)

The robustness of dispersion-managed (DM) solitons to polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) is studied by numerical simulations. It is shown clearly that DM solitons are robust to PMD, and generally, DM solitons are more robust to PMD than conventional solitons. The robustness of DM solitons depends on both map strength and average group velocity dispersion (GVD). We show that the larger the map strength and average GVD, the more robust are the DM solitons to PMD, which is due to the increased power of DM solitons with the large map strength and average GVD.
Supplementary Table 7 from Impact of <i>EGFR</i> Genetic Variants on Glioma Risk and Patient Outcome (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 65.8KB&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: A Recyclable Magnetic Nanoparticles Supported Palladium Catalyst for the Hiyama Reaction of Aryltrialkoxysilanes with Aryl Halides. (2013)

Abstract A wide range of aryl iodides and bromides is applied in the reaction with phenyl trimethyloxy‐ or triethyloxysilanes to afford biaryl derivatives in high yields.
Recent and Future Technology of Digital Video Effects. (1993)

ディジタル特殊効果は初期の2次元DVEに新しい効果や便利な機能が加わり, 現在のCG技術を用いた真の3次元DVEにまで発展してきた.今後は電子デバイスの高密度化による小型化・低消費電力化とともにソフトウェアの比重がさらに増加し, トータルシステムのなかの特殊効果処理部として発展していくだろう.
The Methods of Microscopy (1953)

The papers in this Symposium are representative of the applications of the microscope as a technical tool in a number of fields and the techniques of its use. Besides the direct users of microscopy there are many others who benefit from its findings and who in their scientific and engineering reasoning continually make use of concepts and phenomena largely founded on visual evidence from basic microscopical investigations. In the testing of materials, as exemplified in numerous publications of this Society, this instrument plays many and ever-increasing roles, and it is fitting at this time to review its services and to indicate its potentialities. The title of the present paper is a misnomer, in that experimental directions for various procedures are not to be presented; even in the later papers such methods will be dealt with more by implication than explicitly, since they are covered by an extensive literature. It seems more appropriate here to discuss the methods that cannot be detailed but that are essential to the profitable pursuit of microscopical investigations. In spite of the prevalent use of the microscope as a symbol peculiar to the biological rather than the physical or engineering fields, it is not so generally realized that the requirements of technical microscopy in these latter applications are of the highest order, as regards apparatus and methods employed and optical theory involved. Industrial laboratories in general use more complicated instruments and have developed and utilized the most recent techniques. There is no more exacting test of resolution and image quality than in particle-size measurements. Studies of crystalline materials involve special instruments and reasoning, unfortunately too little employed on biological materials. There is a continuing demand for quantitative correlation between microscopical observations and engineering performance.
Mass spectral studies on the Explosion of Lead Salt of 2,4‐Dinitroresorcinol (1989)

Abstract Thermal explosion characteristics of lead(II) 2,4‐dinitroresorcinate in comparison with the parent compound 2,4‐dinitroresorcinol has been reinvestigated by mass Spectrometry using fast scan technique. For lead dinitroresorcinate, fragment ions spanned over m/z range 55–244 contrary to the reported range 2–74 by previous researchers. The decomposition pathways are predicted by analysing the fragmentation patterns. Lead, adduct ions and unusual ions were detected. The results are suggestive of the first step of the reaction to be a rupture of the PbO linkage.
Development of a method for mRNA differential display in filamentous fungi: comparison of mRNA differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism in Leptosphaeria maculans (2001)

We modified a technique, cDNA-AFLP, for identifying differentially expressed genes in plants to work in the filamentous fungus Leptosphaeria maculans (Desmaz.) Ces. & De Not. The cDNA fragments generated by our method ranged in size from approximately 100 to 400 bps. On average, twice as many cDNA fragments were amplified per primer set with cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism in comparison with mRNA differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The DNA fragments of interest were excised from gels and analyzed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism to eliminate nondifferentially expressed cDNA contamination. The method was used to examine gene expression differences between cultures grown in the presence or absence of an analog of the Brassica phytoalexin brassinin. Eleven of the fourteen fragments examined were determined by reverse Northern blot to be differentially expressed. In examining gene expression differences between young cultures not producing sirodesmins and older cultures that were producing these phytotoxins, we found 17 of 25 fragments were differentially expressed. Northern blots with these fragments confirmed the results.
Promotores y donantes de pintura novohispana en Navarra y noticias sobre los tres lienzos de la Trinidad antropomorfa (2014)

Capítulo importante de la pintura del Barroco en Navarra lo constituyen los cuadros novohispanos, siendo una de las regiones españolas con mayor número de ellos. Pese a la cantidad y a las destacadas autorías -Juan Salguero, Juan Correa, Juan Rodríguez Juárez, Antonio Torres, Francisco Antonio Vallejo, José Alzíbar o José Páez-, en su mayoría estaban a falta de noticias históricas. Mediante la consulta de archivos regionales y nacionales, se han podido documentar a sus donantes, entre los que destaca Miguel Francisco Gambarte, generoso mecenas que envió tres lienzos de la Trinidad antropomorfa mediado el siglo XVIII. Palabras clave: pintura novohispana, mecenas, donantes, Navarra, Miguel Francisco Gambarte, Trinidad antropomorfa
Low magnetic field dynamic nuclear polarization using a single-coil two-channel probe (1997)

We describe the design and construction of a single-coil, two-channel probe for the detection of low-field magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). The high-frequency channel of the probe, which is used to saturate the electron spins, is tuned to the electron Larmor frequency, 75 MHz at 2.7 mT, and matched to 50 Ω. Low-field, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is detected through the second, low-frequency channel at frequencies &amp;lt;1 MHz. The performance of the probe was tested by measuring the DNP of protons in a manganese (II) chloride solution at 2.7 mT. At the proton NMR frequency of 120 kHz, the signal amplitude was enhanced over the value without DNP by a factor of about 200.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON CYCLOBUTADIENEN (1972)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung der Alkylamine (I) mit den ungesättigten α‐Halogennitrilen (II) tritt Cycloaddition und 1,3‐Wanderung des Halogenatoms ein unter Bildung der stabilen Cyclobutene (III), die mit HCl langsam zu den entsprechenden 1‐ Oxo‐2‐halogen‐4‐cyan‐cyclobutanen, wie z.B. (IV), hydrolysiert werden.