gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent supratentorial gliomas (1995)

We have used photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of 56 patients with recurrent supratentorial gliomas who had failed radiation therapy and who were candidates for palliative reoperation. There were 34 males and 22 females; their mean age was 41 years and the mean Karnofsky score was 79. Thirty-two patients had glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 14 had malignant astrocytoma (MA), 6 had malignant mixed glioma (MM), and 4 had ependymoma (EP). Porphyrin photosensitizer was administered intravenously (i.v.) 12-36 hours prior to photoillumination. All patients had the recurrent tumor subtotally resected or cyst drained at surgery followed by intraoperative cavitary photoillumination. In 15 cases interstitial photoillumination using fibers with 2 cm diffusing tips supplemented the cavitary illumination. The total light energy delivered ranged from 440 to 4,500 Joules (J) (median = 1,800 J). The energy administered ranged from 120 to 150 J per fiber and the linear energy density ranged from 65 to 450 J/cm. The energy density ranged from 8 to 110 J/cm2 (median = 38 J/cm2). There were two postoperative deaths and three patients were left with a persistent increase in their postoperative neurological deficit. The post-PDT median survival of patients with recurrent GBM was 30 weeks with a 1- and 2-year actuarial survival of 18% and 0%, respectively. The median survival of patients with recurrent GBM from first diagnosis was 118 weeks with a 1- and 2-year actuarial survival of 82% and 57%, respectively. The post-PDT median survival of patients with recurrent MA was 44 weeks with a 1- and 2-year actuarial survival of 43% and 36%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Chemistry of Osmium-DNA complexes (2007)

A precise chemistry of ternary complex formation between osmium reagents, 2,2'-bipyridine (Bpy) and DNA strand has been characterized. Enzymatically digested products of ternary complexes formed for a thymidine in an oligonucleotide has given two diastereoisomers corresponding the 5S,6R- and 5R,6S-isomers of T-Os-Bpy in 70:30 ratio.
Cyc2p, a Membrane-bound Flavoprotein Involved in the Maturation of Mitochondrial c-Type Cytochromes (2005)

Mitochondrial apocytochrome c and c1 are converted to their holoforms in the intermembrane space by attachment of heme to the cysteines of the CXXCH motif through the activity of assembly factors cytochrome c heme lyase and cytochrome c1 heme lyase (CCHL and CC1HL). The maintenance of apocytochrome sulfhydryls and heme substrates in a reduced state is critical for the ligation of heme. Factors that control the redox chemistry of the heme attachment reaction to apocytochrome c are known in bacteria and plastids but not in mitochondria. We have explored the function of Cyc2p, a candidate redox cytochrome c assembly component in yeast mitochondria. We show that Cyc2p is required for the activity of CCHL toward apocytochrome c and c1 and becomes essential for the heme attachment to apocytochrome c1 carrying a CAPCH instead of CAACH heme binding site. A redox function for Cyc2p in the heme lyase reaction is suggested from 1) the presence of a noncovalently bound FAD molecule in the C-terminal domain of Cyc2p, 2) the localization of Cyc2p in the inner membrane with the FAD binding domain exposed to the intermembrane space, and 3) the ability of recombinant Cyc2p to carry the NADPH-dependent reduction of ferricyanide. We postulate that, in vivo, Cyc2p interacts with CCHL and is involved in the reduction of heme prior to its ligation to apocytochrome c by CCHL.
Hemorrhage (2000)

The ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and date hemorrhage and the by-products of its breakdown is truly remarkable. Our understanding of hemorrhage within the body in the in vivo state has significantly advanced with the advent of MRI.1–9 This chapter examines the nature of hemorrhage, its evolution, and its detection by various imaging modalities.
Visualizing Causal Semantics Using Animations (2007)

Michotte's theory of ampliation suggests that causal relationships are perceived by objects animated under appropriate spatiotemporal conditions. We extend the theory of ampliation and propose that the immediate perception of complex causal relations is also dependent on a set of structural and temporal rules. We designed animated representations, based on Michotte's rules, for showing complex causal relationships or causal semantics. In this paper we describe a set of animations for showing semantics such as causal amplification, causal strength, causal dampening, and causal multiplicity. In a two part study we compared the effectiveness of both the static and animated representations. The first study (N=44) asked participants to recall passages that were previously displayed using both types of representations. Participants were 8% more accurate in recalling causal semantics when they were presented using animations instead of static graphs. In the second study (N=112) we evaluated the intuitiveness of the representations. Our results showed that while users were as accurate with the static graphs as with the animations, they were 9% faster in matching the correct causal statements in the animated condition. Overall our results show that animated diagrams that are designed based on perceptual rules such as those proposed by Michotte have the potential to facilitate comprehension of complex causal relations.
Impact of DM-LRU on WCET: A Static Analysis Approach (2019)

Cache memories in modern embedded processors are known to improve average memory access performance. Unfortunately, they are also known to represent a major source of unpredictability for hard real-time workload. One of the main limitations of typical caches is that content selection and replacement is entirely performed in hardware. As such, it is hard to control the cache behavior in software to favor caching of blocks that are known to have an impact on an application’s worst-case execution time (WCET). In this paper, we consider a cache replacement policy, namely DM-LRU, that allows system designers to prioritize caching of memory blocks that are known to have an important impact on an application’s WCET. Considering a single-core, single-level cache hierarchy, we describe an abstract interpretation-based timing analysis for DM-LRU. We implement the proposed analysis in a self-contained toolkit and study its qualitative properties on a set of representative benchmarks. Apart from being useful to compute the WCET when DM-LRU or similar policies are used, the proposed analysis can allow designers to perform WCET impact-aware selection of content to be retained in cache.
Screening of rice landraces and their morpho-biochemical basis of resistance against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (2021)

Host plant resistance is very important in contrast of spraying insecticide to manage leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. From wide germplasm of rice, fifty rice landraces were screened and traits for resistance are characterized against leaf folder under natural climatic conditions. The occurrence % leaf damage showed significant variation and revealed the presence of resistance-susceptibility status among tested land races of rice. The infestation of leaf folder recorded significantly less in highly resistant landraces, viz. Rajboga, Kari kagga and Mapilai samba -1 (0.55-0.90%) in comparison to the highly susceptible genotypes, viz. GK -5, Krishna leela, Kaggalikearona, Bangaragandu, Kundipullan, Puttabatta-2 and Navara (66.03 to 74.77%). The correlation analysis revealed that plant height, length of flag leaf and panicle length had negative significant influence on the leaf folder % leaf damage infestation and offered resistance. The amount of total sugar and reducing sugars, free amino acids, nitrogen and phosphorus were recorded higher in the susceptible entries whereas, total phenols, potassium and tannins were found significantly higher in resistant genotypes.
Promotion of oxygen transfer in three‐phase fluidized‐bed bioreactors by floating bubble breakers (1991)

The objective of the present study was to investigate a method to enhance the volumetric rate of oxygen transfer in three-phase fluidized-bed bioreactors. The rates of oxygen transfer from air bubbles to viscous liquid media were promoted by floating bubble breakers in three-phase fluidized beds operated in the bubble coalescing regime. The liquid-phase volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient has been recovered by fitting the axial dispersion model to the resultant data, and its dependence on the experimental variables, such as the gas and liquid flow rates, particle size, concentration of bubble breakers, and liquid viscosity, has been examined. The results indicate that the liquid-phase volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient can be enhanced up to 20-25%. The coefficient exhibits a maximum with respect to the volume ratio of the floating bubble breakers to the fluidized solid particles; it increases with increases in the gas and liquid flow rates and size of fluidized particles, while it decreases with an increase in the liquid viscosity. An expression has been developed to correlate the liquid-phase volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient with the experimental variables.
Oesophageal eosinophilia accompanies food allergy to hen egg white protein in young pigs (2019)

Food allergy in the pig can be associated with esophagitis based on histological and endoscopic findings, including eosinophilic infiltration. The young pig may, therefore, be a useful large animal model for the study of eosinophilic esophagitis in humans.
Magnesium-Coordinated Chelation Control in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Chiral α-Alkoxymethyl Ether Nitrile Oxide: Application to the Synthesis of (–)/(–)-cis-Clausenamide (2014)

A facile regio- and diastereoselective nitrile oxide cycloaddition method using magnesium-coordinated chelation control of chiral α-alkoxymethyl ether nitrile oxide is reported. This reaction could be successfully applied as a key step in both the formal total synthesis of (–)-clausenamide and the total synthesis of (–)-<i>cis</i>-clausenamide.
A hierarchical vision system (2003)

A two-stage hierarchical vision system is presented. In the first stage continuous structures of traffic scenes are mapped to code trees within a hierarchical data structure. This stage is independent of the application and hardware implementations are available (PROMETHEUS-project). At the second stage top down strategies are used for efficient image analysis. Feature extraction is implemented on a set of T800 parallel processors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cobalt-59 nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra of phosphine- and phosphate-substituted cobalt carbonyl compounds (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCobalt-59 nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra of phosphine- and phosphate-substituted cobalt carbonyl compoundsThomas E. Boyd and Theodore L. BrownCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 2, 422–425Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50132a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50132a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thoughts About Disordered Thinking: Measuring and Quantifying the Laws of Order and Disorder (2017)

Peer Reviewed
The Amalthea Reu Program: Activities, Experiences, And Outcomes Of A Collaborative Summer Research Experience In Machine Learning (2020)

at GECCO for the last three years.
Advances in phase‐sensitive acoustic microscopy studies of polymer blend films: annealing effects and micro‐elastic characterization of PS/PMMA blends (2009)

The unique phase-sensitive acoustic microscope is used for the structural and mechanical characterization of thin films of polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate blends. The effect of annealing on blends of polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate spin coated from different solvents unto a substrate is studied. Varying the solvents according to vapour pressure and spin coating at different speeds (for thickness variation) led to changes in phase domain distributions and overall structural properties before annealing. Annealing in vacuum at 190 degrees C for 48 h resulted in the elimination of solvent effects with all samples reverting to a similar morphology irrespective of common solvent and thickness. The Young's moduli at specific points on the film (E(polystyrene)= 3.4 +/- 0.3 GPa, E(polymethylmethacrylate)= 4.2 +/- 0.4 GPa) and over a given area (E(polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate)= 3.9 +/- 0.4 GPa) were determined by combinatory use of the atomic force microscope and phase-sensitive acoustic microscope. These results demonstrate a minimally invasive method for the quantitative characterization of polymer blend films.
Interface Stability among Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials with Perovskite Structures (2006)

The chemical stability of the interface of lanthanum strontium iron cobalt oxides (LSCF) and lanthanum strontium magnesium gallium oxide (LSGM) was investigated. LSCF and LSGM do not coexist stably, and it makes solid solutions at higher temperatures by the fast interdiffusion of metal components. The bulk and grain boundary diffusivities were determined as a function of temperature for LSGM, LSCF, and lanthanum strontium manganite current collectors. The activation energies of bulk diffusivity of Co or Fe in LSGM or LSM, and Mn in LSCF are around . The effect of grain boundary as a fast diffusion path was clearly visualized for manganese diffusion in LSCF.
Abstract PD07-02: βIII Tubulin Expression by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mRNA in a Randomized Phase 2 Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer (BC) Study of Ixabepilone (ixa) Compared to Paclitaxel (pac) (2010)

Abstract Background: Overexpression of βIII tubulin has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis and reduced response to taxanes. Ixa exhibits activity in βIII overexpressing tumor models and BC patients (pts) with high βIII mRNA levels. We report the prevalence of βIII by a validated IHC assay and the correlation of βIII protein and mRNA expression in BC tissue samples. Methods: In this neoadjuvant BC study CA163-100, 295 patients were randomized 1:1 to ixa (40 mg/m2 IV x 4 cycles) or pac (80 mg/m2 IV wkly x 12) after all pts received 4 cycles of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) plus cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2). Pre-chemotherapy formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pt tissue sections were assessed for intensity and percentage of tumor cell staining of βIII by IHC. RNA was extracted from additional pre-chemotherapy core needle biopsy specimens and profiled for gene expression using Affymetrix HG-U133Av2 gene chips. Tumors were classified as basal-like, Her2-enriched, luminal-like A and B and normal-like using a 50-gene subtype predictor. In addition, Her2 and hormone receptor status was used for tumor subtyping. Results: βIII staining data were obtained for 261 pts, of which 247 were randomized to either ixa or pac arms of study CA163-100. The prevalence of βIII positivity was 39.1% (102/261) using the prespecified cut-off of ≥50% (2+, 3+) positive cells. The distribution of IHC scores was bimodal. 64% of specimens classified as βIII negative had no observable staining, while 77% of βIII positive specimens had a majority of tumor cells staining at the highest intensity (3+). IHC and gene expression profiling data were available for 235 pts and a correlation between βIII tubulin protein and mRNA expression was observed. The relative βIII mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in pts classified as βIII positive vs. βIII negative by IHC (P&amp;lt;0.0001) and 80% of tumors classified as βIII tubulin positive by IHC, had high relative TUBB3 mRNA levels, using a median cut-off. An association between βIII IHC status and breast cancer subtypes was also seen with 69% (62/90) of βIII positive specimens also classified as basal-like and conversely, 55% (62/113) of basal-likes classified as βIII positive. Nearly half (48%) the specimens in this cohort were basal-like, a classification that was quite concordant with triple negative status and as such, triple negative tumors were also enriched for βIII positivity. Conclusion: βIII is reliably measured by a validated IHC assay, providing a bimodal distribution of scores in this BC study. Correlative analyses of βIII status by BC subtype suggest that βIII positivity is significantly associated with aggressive basal-like/TN breast cancers. The clinical utility of βIII as a potential tool to select patients who may benefit from ixa in this study will be presented separately. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD07-02.
Identification of the functional groups on the surface of nanoparticles formed in photonucleation of aldehydes generated during forest fire events (2014)

We describe the new procedure developed to determine the functional groups on the surface of nanoparticles formed in photonucleation of furfural, one of the aldehydes generated during forest fire events. The procedure is based on the detection of nanoparticle rupture from chemically modified surface of the quartz crystal microbalance oscillating in the thickness shear mode under voltage sweep. The rupture force is determined from the voltage at which the rupture occurs. It depends on particle mass and on the affinity of the surface functional groups of the particle to the groups that are present on the modified QCM surface. It was demonstrated with the amine modification of the surface that the nanoparticles formed in furfural photonucleation contain carbonyl and carboxyl groups. The applicability of the method for the investigation of functional groups on the surface of the nanoparticles of atmospheric aerosol is demonstrated.
Previous Knee Surgery Is a Risk Factor for Knee Articular Cartilage Lesions Among Athletes at the NFL Combine (SS‐29) (2011)

Introduction Although articular cartilage lesions of the knee are a common finding among elite athletes, the risk factors for these lesions have not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to better define the prevalence of articular cartilage lesions in elite football players undergoing knee MRI at the National Football League (NFL) Combine and to test the hypothesis that previous knee surgery is a risk factor for these lesions. Methods We performed a retrospective review of all NFL Combine participants undergoing knee MRI from 2005 to 2009. A total of 597 players (726 knee MRIs) were reviewed for evidence of articular cartilage disease, classified as absent, chondromalacia, or full‐thickness cartilage loss. History of previous knee surgery (including ACL reconstruction, meniscal procedures, and articular cartilage surgery) was recorded for each athlete. Results Full‐thickness articular cartilage lesions were seen in 18% of knees and were associated with a history of any previous knee surgery (p&lt;0.001) and specifically, previous meniscectomy (p&lt;0.001). Full‐thickness lesions were present in 29% of knees with a previous meniscectomy compared to 14% of knees without previous meniscal surgery (p&lt;0.001). Full‐thickness lesions were found in the lateral compartment of 25% of knees with previous partial lateral meniscectomy compared to 5% of knees without such surgery (p&lt;0.001). The effect was also present in the medial compartment where 2% of knees without previous partial medial meniscectomy had full‐thickness lesions compared to 7% of knees with previous partial medial meniscectomy (p=0.025). Previous ACL reconstruction was not associated with an increased risk of full‐thickness articular cartilage lesions. Conclusion Previous knee surgery is a risk factor for full‐thickness cartilage lesions in athletes participating in cutting contact sports such as American football. Partial meniscectomy increases the risk of full‐thickness cartilage lesions, particularly in the lateral compartment. Future research should investigate the effect of these lesions on athlete performance and longevity, as well as potential methods of chondral protection such as meniscal repair in this patient cohort.
Phosphatidyl-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine: synthesis and antiviral activity in hepatitis B- and HIV-1-infected cells (1995)

We recently found that phosphatidyl-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (phosphatidyl-ddC) had substantial anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity in vitro compared to 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) (Hostetler et al. (1994) Antiviral Res. 24, 59-67). Upon administration of liposomal phosphatidyl-ddC to mice, a 40-fold higher drug area under curve was observed in the liver. To evaluate the possibility of using liver-targeted anti-HBV nucleosides to treat woodchuck hepatitis virus, we wanted to find the most potent and selective lipid conjugates. It has been shown that 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine as a racemic mixture of the cis-isomer (cis-(+/-)-BCH-189) has much greater activity against HBV viruses than ddC in vitro. Recently, it was shown that the (-)-beta-L-enantiomer (3TC) is more active and less toxic than the (+)-beta-D-form ((+)-BCH-189). To determine whether phospholipid conjugates of 3TC retain antiviral activity in 2.2.15 cells as demonstrated previously with ddC, we synthesized the 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate conjugates of (+/-)-BCH-189 and 3TC and assessed their anti-HBV and anti-HIV activities, in vitro. Phosphatidyl-3TC and phosphatidyl-BCH-189 had antiviral activity comparable to the respective free drugs in 2.2.15 cells which chronically produce HBV. In HIV-1-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and HT4-6C cells, phosphatidyl-3TC and phosphatidyl-(+/-)-BCH-189 exhibited significantly lower activity than the corresponding free nucleosides. In view of the documented ability of phosphatidyl-ddC to target drug to the liver, it seems reasonable to expect that phosphatidyl-3TC or phosphatidyl-(+/-)-BCH-189 could be employed to provide greatly enhanced hepatic antiviral activity in HBV infection in vivo.