gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Artificial Photosynthetic Reaction Center Exhibiting Acid-Responsive Regulation of Photoinduced Charge Separation (2016)

Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is a photoprotective regulatory mechanism employed by many photosynthetic organisms to dynamically modulate energy flow within the photosynthetic apparatus in response to fluctuating light conditions. Activated by decreases in lumen pH produced during periods of high photon flux, NPQ induces rapid thermal dissipation of excess excitation energy. As a result, the rate of charge separation (CS) decreases, thereby limiting the accumulation of potentially deleterious reactive intermediates and byproducts. Herein, a molecular triad that functionally mimics the effects of NPQ associated with an artificial photosynthetic reaction center is described. Steady-state absorption and emission, time-resolved fluorescence, and transient absorption spectroscopies have been used to demonstrate a 1 order of magnitude reduction in the CS quantum yield via reversible protonation of an excited-state-quenching molecular switch moiety. As in the natural system, the populations of unquenched and quenched states and therefore the overall yields of CS were found to be dependent on acid concentration.
A Sensitive Skin for Robotic Companions Featuring Temperature, Force, and Electric Field Sensors (2006)

As robots become an everyday part of the complicated environment of the human world it will be important for such systems to feature a full body sense of touch capable of detecting a wide variety of tactile inputs. Such "sensitive skins" can provide much benefit in human robot interaction, specifically in the realm of robotic companions for therapeutic or service applications. In this paper we present a set of design criteria for how such "skins" should be designed. Based on this criteria, a "skin" which features temperature, force, and electric field sensing is described. Results from early experiments with this skin show how the sensors of the multi-modal skin complement each other and allow the distinction between social and affective classes of touch to be distinguished from touch with physical objects
Neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nerve terminal are powerful chemoattractants for monocytes (2000)

Macrophages in lymphoid organs are in close contact to nerve terminals of the sympathetic nervous system. Hence, these cells could be targets of neuronal modulation. We studied sympathetic neurotransmitters as chemoattractants enabling the aggregation of macrophages and nerve terminals. Norepinephrine (NE), neuropeptide Y (NPY), isoproterenol (beta-adrenergic), p-aminoclonidine (alpha2-adrenergic), methoxamine (alpha1-adrenergic), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were used to study human monocyte and macrophage migration in 48-well Boyden chambers. NE stimulated chemotaxis of monocytes and macrophages at an optimal concentration of 10-(10) M (P < 0.025). Isoproterenol, but not p-aminoclonidine or methoxamine, induced chemotaxis of monocytes (10(-10) M, P < 0.05). In these studies, elevation of cAMP is a critical step in NE-induced chemotaxis of monocytes. NPY (10(-11) M, P < 0.05) stimulated monocyte chemotaxis as well. ATP at 10(-4) and 10(-5) M stimulated undirected cell mobility (P < 0.05). All tested neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nerve terminal were potent chemoattractants. These findings may explain the close association of nerves and macrophages in tissue and lymphoid organs and may thus be of functional relevance in neuroimmunomodulation.
Comparative Performance between Two Photogrammetric Systems and a Reference Laser Tracker Network for Large‐Volume Industrial Measurement (2016)

Abstract This paper determines the capability of two photogrammetric systems in terms of their measurement uncertainty in an industrial context. The first system – V‐ STARS inca 3 from Geodetic Systems Inc. – is a commercially available measurement solution. The second system comprises an off‐the‐shelf Nikon D700 digital camera fitted with a 28 mm Nikkor lens and the research‐based Vision Measurement Software ( VMS ). The uncertainty estimate of these two systems is determined with reference to a calibrated constellation of points determined by a Leica AT 401 laser tracker. The calibrated points have an average associated standard uncertainty of 12·4 μm, spanning a maximum distance of approximately 14·5 m. Subsequently, the two systems’ uncertainty was determined. V‐ STARS inca 3 had an estimated standard uncertainty of 43·1 μm, thus outperforming its manufacturer's specification; the D700/ VMS combination achieved a standard uncertainty of 187 μm.
Positively charged supported lipid bilayer formation on gold surfaces for neuronal cell culture (2016)

Supported lipid bilayers are widely used as cell membrane models and sensor platforms, but the usage on gold surface needs additional surface modification or optimized experimental conditions. In this work, the authors show lipid bilayer formation on plasma activated gold surfaces in physiological conditions without any other modification if at least 30% positively charged lipids are present. Details of bilayer formation from small unilamellar vesicles were monitored using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation in both basic and acidic environment. The authors also confirmed that this positively charged bilayer system can sustain primary cortical neuron growth and lipid transfer. This method will provide simple means to construct biomimetic interface on gold electrodes.
Canadian Public Health Nurses' Job Satisfaction (2006)

A valid, reliable questionnaire suitable for ongoing measurement was tested with PHNs, and baseline levels of their job satisfaction were established.
Effective Cathode Design of Three-Layered Configuration for High-Energy Li–S Batteries (2017)

A three-layered cathode structure was designed to minimize the shuttle effect of polysulfides and improve active material utilization. The three-layered configuration was fabricated by directly dropping pure sulfur composite slurry into multifunctional dual-barrier layers consisting of a self-standing TiO<sub>2</sub>/C interlayer and a very thin acetylene black layer (0.35 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>). In consequence, a decent discharge capacity of 963 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> was acquired after 100 cycles at 0.1 C. With cycling at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 C, the cells displayed excellent reversible capacities of 1203, 1145, 1035, 934, and 820 mA h g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Furthermore, the cells still delivered a satisfactory discharge capacity of 799 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. The light mass of the three-layered configuration guarantees that the energy density is effectively improved, considering the overall mass of the cathode. The energy density (603 W h kg<sup>-1</sup> after 100 cycles) was at a high level compared with those of the reported ones. Therefore, it is believed that the synergistic design for the three-layered cathode structure, which combines the mass-produced layer-by-layer structure, provides a novel protocol to the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries.
Helical Structure of Liquid Crystalline Poly(N-((4-n-butylphenyl)diphenylmethyl) methacrylamide) (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteHelical Structure of Liquid Crystalline Poly(N-((4-n-butylphenyl)diphenylmethyl) methacrylamide)Kanji Nagai†‡§, Kento Okoshi*‡∥, Shin-ichiro Sakurai‡, Motonori Banno†, A. K. M. Fakhrul Azam⊥, Masami Kamigaito⊥, Yoshio Okamoto#○, and Eiji Yashima*†‡View Author Information† Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan‡ Yashima Super-structured Helix Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan⊥ Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya University# EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan○ College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (K.O.) [email protected]; (E.Y.)[email protected]§Present address: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University∥Present address: Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, JapanCite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 17, 7386–7390Publication Date (Web):August 12, 2010Publication History Received6 June 2010Revised27 July 2010Published online12 August 2010Published inissue 14 September 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma1012573https://doi.org/10.1021/ma1012573brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1264Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Chromatography,Physical and chemical processes,Polymers,X-rays Get e-Alerts
OsSAPK2 Confers Abscisic Acid Sensitivity and Tolerance to Drought Stress in Rice (2017)

SNF 1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2 (SnRK2) is a family of plant-specific protein kinases which is the key regulator of hyper-osmotic stress signaling and abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent development in various plants. Among the rice subclass-I and -II SnRK2s, osmotic stress/ABA-activated protein kinase 2 (SAPK2) may be the primary mediator of ABA signaling. However, SAPK2 has not been comprehensively characterized. In this study, we elucidated the functional properties of SAPK2 using loss-of-function mutants produced with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The <i>SAPK2</i> expression level was strongly upregulated by drought, high-salinity, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatments. The <i>sapk2</i> mutants exhibited an ABA-insensitive phenotype during the germination and post-germination stages, suggesting that SAPK2 had a pivotal role related to ABA-mediated seed dormancy. The <i>sapk2</i> mutants were more sensitive to drought stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) than the wild-type plants, indicating that SAPK2 was important for responses to drought conditions in rice. An additional investigation revealed that SAPK2 increased drought tolerance in the following two ways: (i) by reducing water loss <i>via</i> the accumulation of compatible solutes, promoting stomatal closure, and upregulating the expression levels of stress-response genes such as <i>OsRab16b</i>, <i>OsRab21</i>, <i>OsbZIP23</i>, <i>OsLEA3</i>, <i>OsOREB1</i> and slow anion channel (SLAC)-associated genes such as <i>OsSLAC1</i> and <i>OsSLAC7</i>; (ii) by inducing the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes to promote ROS-scavenging abilities that will ultimately decrease ROS damages. Moreover, we also observed that SAPK2 significantly increased the tolerance of rice plants to salt and PEG stresses. These findings imply that SAPK2 is a potential candidate gene for future crop improvement studies.
High Q inductors in a SiGe BiMOS process utilizing a thick metal process add-on module (2003)

Design tradeoffs for the optimization of inductor Q have been analyzed, and thick metallization has been identified as the most promising technology enhancement. Peak Qs approaching 19 have been demonstrated using thick metal.
Assessment of Long-term Benefit of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Residual Life Span (2020)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01206062.
Unusual Methylene Insertion Reactions (2005)

Abstract Spontaneous and unassisted methylene insertions into S─Cl and Se─S, C─S and C─H bonds as well as S─S and Se─S cleavages, double methylene insertions, and a1, 3-addition to diazomethane, which have been observed in the unaided low temperature reactions of diazomethane with sulfenyl halides and dithio-selenide without the need for the photo-generated carbene moiety.
A Structure Function Representation Theorem With Applications to Frequency Stability Estimation (1982)

Random processes with stationary nth differences serve as models for oscillator phase noise. A theorem which obtains the structure function (covariance of the nth differences) of such a process in terms of the differences of a single function of one time variable is proven. In turn, this function can easily be obtained from the spectral density of the process. The theorem is used for computing the variance of two estimators of frequency stability.
Glucose Biosensor Based on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Polythionine and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2014)

A novel glucose biosensor was fabricated. The first layer of the biosensor was polythionine, which was formed by the electrochemical polymerisation of the thionine monomer on a glassy carbon electrode. The remaining layers were coated with chitosan-MWCNTs, GOx, and the chitosan-PTFE film in sequence. The MWCNTs embedded in FAD were like "conductive wires" connecting FAD with electrode, reduced the distance between them and were propitious to fast direct electron transfer. Combining with good electrical conductivity of PTH and MWCNTs, the current response was enlarged. The sensor was a parallel multi-component reaction system (PMRS) and excellent electrocatalytic performance for glucose could be obtained without a mediator. The glucose sensor had a working voltage of -0.42 V, an optimum working temperature of 25°C, an optimum working pH of 7.0, and the best percentage of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion (PTFE) in the outer composite film was 2%. Under the optimised conditions, the biosensor displayed a high sensitivity of 2.80 µA mM(-1) cm(-2) and a low detection limit of 5 µM (S/N = 3), with a response time of less than 15 s and a linear range of 0.04 mM to 2.5 mM. Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor had a good selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability, indicating that the novel CTS+PTFE/GOx/MWCNTs/PTH composite is a promising material for immobilization of biomolecules and fabrication of third generation biosensors.
Statistical mechanical deconvolution of thermal transitions in macromolecules. I. Theory and application to homogeneous systems (1978)

Abstract The theoretical basis for the statistical mechanical deconvolution of a thermally induced macromolecular melting profile is presented. It is demonstrated that all the thermodynamic quantities characterizing a multistate macromolecular transition can be obtained from the average excess enthalpy function, 〈Δ H 〉, of the system, without any assumption of the particular model or mechanism of the reaction. Experimentally, 〈Δ H 〉 is obtained from scanning calorimetric data by direct integration of the excess apparent molar heat capacity function, Φ Cp . Once 〈Δ H 〉 is known as a continuous function of the temperature, the partition function, Q , of the system can be calculated by means of the equation From the partition function all the thermodynamic quantities of the system can be obtained. It is shown that the number of discrete macroscopic energy states, the enthalpy and entropy changes between them, and the relative population of each state as a function of temperature can be calculated in a recursive form.
High-efficiency, radiation-resistant GaAs space cells (1991)

Although many GaAs solar cells are intended for space applicatons, few measurements of cell degradation after radiation are available, particularly for cells with efficiencies exceeding 20 percent (one-sun, AMO). Often the cell performance is optimized for the highest beginning-of-life (BOL) efficiency, despite the unknown effect of such design on end-of-life (EOL) efficiencies. The results of a study of the radiation effects on p-n GaAs cells are presented. The EOL efficiency of GaAs space cell can be increased by adjusting materials growth parameters, resulting in a demonstration of 16 percent EOL efficiency at one-sun, AMO. Reducing base doping levels to below 3 x 10(exp 17)/cu m and decreasing emitter thickness to 0.3 to 0.5 micron for p-n cells led to significant improvements in radiation hardness as measured by EOL/BOL efficiency ratios for irradiation of 10(exp -15)/sq cm electrons at 1 MeV. BOL efficiency was not affected by changes in emitter thickness but did improve with lower base doping.
Solution Structure of a Ubiquitin-like Domain from Tubulin-binding Cofactor B (2004)

Proper folding and assembly of tubulin alphabeta-heterodimers involves a stepwise progression mediated by a group of protein cofactors A through E. Upon release of the tubulin monomers from the chaperonin CCT, they are acted upon by each cofactor in the folding pathway through a unique combination of protein interaction domains. Three-dimensional structures have previously been reported for cofactor A and the C-terminal CAP-Gly domain of cofactor B (CoB). Here we report the NMR structure of the N-terminal domain of Caenorhabditis elegans CoB and show that it closely resembles ubiquitin as was recently postulated on the basis of bioinformatic analysis (Grynberg, M., Jaroszewski, L., and Godzik, A. (2003) BMC Bioinformatics 4, 46). CoB binds partially folded alpha-tubulin monomers, and a putative tubulin-binding motif within the N-terminal domain is identified from sequence and structure comparisons. Based on modeling of the homologous cofactor E ubiquitin-like domain, we hypothesize that cofactors B and E may associate via their beta-grasp domains in a manner analogous to the PB1 and caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease superfamily of protein interaction domains.
A Prediction-Optimization Framework for Site-Wide Process Optimization (2019)

We address the problem of site-wide operational optimization of production plants in the context of Industry 4.0 with an emphasis on sensor data-driven approaches. A multi-plant production site is a complex network of plants and intermediate storage tanks with a continuous flow of materials that get transformed from raw inflows into product outflows. A site-wide production strategy is a time-indexed operational plan for operating the network in real-time and computing various plant flow rates and corresponding tank inventories. It needs to be dynamic to respond to changes like breakdowns or shifting economic objectives, thereby requiring the ability to capture the run-time behavior of each process to alter any controls as needed. We present a novel solution based on the use of machine learning to learn process relationships from sensor data and converting the process network into a surrogate network representation of regression-based transformers that are coupled via inventory balances and physical constraints like capacity limits. We discuss some physical and modeling considerations that need to be handled in practice for realizing such a representation from sensor data. We emphasize the choice of segmented linear models and couple them with integer-linear modeling techniques to devise a prediction-optimization framework for site-wide optimization. We illustrate the application and the effectiveness of the proposed framework with a case study based on the oil sands processing industry.
Вибронная структура спектров электронного поглощения ифлуоресценции пирена в комплексе с бета-циклодекстрином в присутствии неполярных и полярных растворителей (2015)

Исследована возможность использования пирена (Py) в качестве флуоресцентного зонда (ФЗ) в комплексах циклодекстринпиренаналит для аналитов (А) различной полярности в водных растворах. В UV-VIS-спектре водного раствора Py в присутствии CD впервые найдены полосы, доказывающие образование комплекса Py@2 CD. Характеристикой ФЗ является отношение I3/I1 в спектре флуоресценции, где I3-интенсивность третьей вибронной линии 800 см-1, I1-интенсивность 0-0-перехода. Величина I3/I1 для Py@2 CD проявляет высокую чувствительность к добавлению А с концентрацией в несколько M/L в водный раствор. Зависимости (I3/I1)/C от функции диэлектрической проницаемости А f = (  1)/2 + 1) разбиваются на две прямые линии с разным наклоном для неполярных и полярных А. Энергии внедрения А в Py@2 CD рассчитаны квантово-химическим методом PM3. Увеличению (I3/I1)/C соответствует термодинамически более стабильный комплекс 2А · Py@2 CD.
Abstract 3701: A targeted delivery system for anticancer drugs based on functionalized carbon nanotubes (2010)

Abstract Carbon nanotubes have emerged as a promising nanomaterial for the development of customizable drug delivery system due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes and to attach high loads of drugs and targeting agents on their surface. In the field of oncology, this promotes the development of therapies with improved effectivity and fewer side effects by assisting the targeting of therapeutic agents to the desired site of action. Our work focuses on the targeted delivery of the anthracycline and anthracenedione anticancer drugs doxorubicin and mitoxantrone to human colon cancer cells (WiDr) by means of a carbon nanotube-based drug delivery system. The drugs are attached to the nanotube surface in a non-covalent manner, resulting in a weight ratio (drug: CNTs) of 4:1 owing to the high surface area of CNTs. As drug binding is higher at physiological pH than at a slightly acidic pH, this method allows for the release of the drug from the nanotubes in such environments, for example late endosomes and lysosomes. In a previous study, we have shown that doxorubicin-loaded carbon nanotubes are are taken up by WiDr colon cancer cells and release their drug payload upon cellular internalization, which then translocates to the nucleus [1]. Current work is focusing on the targeting aspect: to increase the specificity of our system, we further attach a monoclonal antibody to the nanotube carrier that recognizes/binds to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a target structure overexpressed by WiDr colon cancer cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies show that the targeted drug-CNT complexes indeed have a greater therapeutic effect on WiDr cells than on MCF7 breast cancer cells, which do not express CEA. Future work will include in vivo studies on mice bearing tumor xenographs to evaluate the feasibility and behavior of our system in a setting of clinical relevance. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3701.
Verifying and validating multirobot missions (2014)

We have developed an approach that can be used by mission designers to determine whether or not a performance guarantee for their mission software, when carried out under the uncertain conditions of a real-world environment, will hold within a threshold probability. In this paper we demonstrate its utility for verifying multirobot missions, in particular a bounding overwatch mission.