gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative drug users (1997)

Nasal colonization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections. To identify characteristics associated with colonization, we studied a cross-section of a well-described cohort of HIV-seropositive and -seronegative active and former drug users considered at risk for staphylococcal infections. Sixty percent of the 217 subjects were Hispanic, 36% were women, 25% actively used injection drugs, 23% actively used inhalational drugs, 23% received antibiotics, and 35% were HIV-seropositive. Forty-one percent of subjects had positive nasal cultures for S. aureus. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns were similar to the local hospital's outpatient isolates and no dominant strain was identified by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AB-PCR). Variables significantly and independently associated with colonization included antibiotic use (odds ratio [OR] = 0.37; confidence interval [CI] = 0.18-0.77), active inhalational drug use within the HIV-seropositive population (OR = 2.36; CI = 1.10-5.10) and female gender (OR = 1.97; CI = 1.09-3.57). Characteristics not independently associated included injection drug use, HIV status, and CD4 count. The association with active inhalational drug use, a novel finding, may reflect alterations in the integrity of the nasal mucosa. The lack of association between HIV infection and S. aureus colonization, which is contrary to most previous studies, could be explained by our rigorous control for confounding variables or by a limited statistical power due to the sample sizes.
Universal adaptive optics for microscopy through embedded neural network control (2023)

The resolution and contrast of microscope imaging is often affected by aberrations introduced by imperfect optical systems and inhomogeneous refractive structures in specimens. Adaptive optics (AO) compensates these aberrations and restores diffraction limited performance. A wide range of AO solutions have been introduced, often tailored to a specific microscope type or application. Until now, a universal AO solution -- one that can be readily transferred between microscope modalities -- has not been deployed. We propose versatile and fast aberration correction using a physics-based machine learning (ML) assisted wavefront-sensorless AO control method. Unlike previous ML methods, we used a bespoke neural network (NN) architecture, designed using physical understanding of image formation, that was embedded in the control loop of the microscope. The approach means that not only is the resulting NN orders of magnitude simpler than previous NN methods, but the concept is translatable across microscope modalities. We demonstrated the method on a two-photon, a three-photon and a widefield three-dimensional (3D) structured illumination microscope. Results showed that the method outperformed commonly-used modal-based sensorless AO methods. We also showed that our ML-based method was robust in a range of challenging imaging conditions, such as extended 3D sample structures, specimen motion, low signal to noise ratio and activity-induced fluorescence fluctuations. Moreover, as the bespoke architecture encapsulated physical understanding of the imaging process, the internal NN configuration was no-longer a ``black box'', but provided physical insights on internal workings, which could influence future designs.
Metal–Ligand Cooperation on a Diruthenium Platform: Selective Imine Formation through Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols with Amines (2014)

Metal-metal singly-bonded diruthenium complexes, bridged by naphthyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands featuring a hydroxy appendage on the naphthyridine unit, are obtained in a single-pot reaction of [Ru2(CH3COO)2(CO)4] with 1-benzyl-3-(5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl)imidazolium bromide (BIN⋅HBr) or 1-isopropyl-3-(5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyrid-2-yl)imidazolium bromide (PIN⋅HBr), TlBF4, and substituted benzaldehyde containing an electron-withdrawing group. The modified NHC-naphthyridine-hydroxy ligand spans the diruthenium unit in which the NHC carbon and hydroxy oxygen occupy the axial sites. All the synthesized compounds catalyze acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of weak base 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO). Further, acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADHC) of the alcohol with amines affords the corresponding imine as the sole product. The substrate scope is examined with 1 (BIN, p-nitrobenzaldehyde). A similar complex [Ru2(CO)4(CH3COO)(3-PhBIN)][Br], that is devoid of a hydroxy arm, is significantly less effective for the same reaction. Neutral complex 1 a, obtained by deprotonation of the hydroxy arm in 1, is found to be active for the ADHC of alcohols and amines under base-free conditions. A combination of control experiments, deuterium labeling, kinetic Hammett studies, and DFT calculations support metal-hydroxyl/hydroxide and metal-metal cooperation for alcohol activation and dehydrogenation. The bridging acetate plays a crucial role in allowing β-hydride elimination to occur. The ligand architecture on the diruthenium core causes rapid aldehyde extrusion from the metal coordination sphere, which is responsible for exclusive imine formation.
Supplementary Figure S5 from EPHA2 Is a Mediator of Vemurafenib Resistance and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5. ALW-II-41-27 suppresses in vivo tumor growth of both VEM sensitive and resistant melanomas.&lt;/p&gt;
Initial measurements of the angular velocity of walking humans using an active millimeter-wave correlation interferometer (2013)

The design of a 29.5 GHz experimental active interferometer for the measurement of the angular velocity of moving humans is presented in this paper, as well as initial measurements of walking humans. Measurement of the angular motion of moving objects is a desirable function in remote security sensing applications. Doppler radar sensors are able to measure the signature of moving humans based on micro-Doppler analysis; however, a person moving with little to no radial velocity produces negligible Doppler returns. Measurement of the angular movement of humans can be done with traditional radar techniques however the process involves either continuous tracking with narrow beamwidth or angle-of arrival estimation algorithms. Recently, the authors presented a new method of measuring the angular velocity of moving objects using interferometry. The method measures the angular velocity of an object without tracking or complex processing. The frequency shift imparted on the signal response is proportional to the angular velocity of the object as it passes through the interferometer beam pattern. The experimental system consists of a transmitter and two separate receivers with two widely spaced antennas. The received signals in each of the two channels are downconverted and digitized, and post-processed offline. Initial results of a walking person passing through the interferometer beam pattern are presented, which verify the expected operation of the receiver derived from the initial theory.
Output power stability of GaAlAs laser transmitters using an optical tap for feedback control (1979)

Several laser transmitters assembled for 44.736-Mb/sec lightwave field experiments exhibited large, unexpected changes in output power. This problem is now identified with laser front-to-back mirror mistracking and its effect on the back-mirror-monitoring scheme used for feedback control of the laser. To correct this problem, an optical-fiber tap was developed to monitor the actual output power for feedback control. This paper describes the output power stability of five GaAIAs laser transmitters operated using this optical tap for feedback control. Results show that tap-controlled transmitters have output-power stability within +/-2% (+/-0.1 dB) over a 1000-h test period, this being an order of magnitude improvement compared with the earlier scheme of control.
International benchmarking of longitudinal train dynamics simulators: results (2017)

This paper presents the results of the International Benchmarking of Longitudinal Train Dynamics Simulators which involved participation of nine simulators (TABLDSS, UM, CRE-LTS, TDEAS, PoliTo, TsDyn, CARS, BODYSIM and VOCO) from six countries. Longitudinal train dynamics results and computing time of four simulation cases are presented and compared. The results show that all simulators had basic agreement in simulations of locomotive forces, resistance forces and track gradients. The major differences among different simulators lie in the draft gear models. TABLDSS, UM, CRE-LTS, TDEAS, TsDyn and CARS had general agreement in terms of the in-train forces; minor differences exist as reflections of draft gear model variations. In-train force oscillations were observed in VOCO due to the introduction of wheel–rail contact. In-train force instabilities were sometimes observed in PoliTo and BODYSIM due to the velocity controlled transitional characteristics which could have generated unreasonable transitional stiffness. Regarding computing time per train operational second, the following list is in order of increasing computing speed: VOCO, TsDyn, PoliTO, CARS, BODYSIM, UM, TDEAS, CRE-LTS and TABLDSS (fastest); all simulators except VOCO, TsDyn and PoliTo achieved faster speeds than real-time simulations. Similarly, regarding computing time per integration step, the computing speeds in order are: CRE-LTS, VOCO, CARS, TsDyn, UM, TABLDSS and TDEAS (fastest).
PTA‐Stabilized Ruthenium and Platinum Nanoparticles: Characterization and Investigation in Aqueous Biphasic Hydrogenation Catalysis (2012)

Abstract Very small ruthenium and platinum nanoparticles have been prepared from organometallic complexes by using 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane (PTA) as stabilizer, which allowed their easy dispersion into water. These nanoparticles were fully characterized by different techniques. In particular, the coordination of PTA to the surfaces of the particles was studied by NMR spectroscopy. The potential of these nanoparticles as catalysts was investigated in aqueous biphasic catalysis; olefins and arene derivatives were hydrogenated under mild conditions of temperature and pressure with interesting conversions and selectivities despite the change of environment they underwent after their dissolution in water.
Diagnostic and Subdiagnostic Accumulation of Mast Cells in the Bone Marrow of Patients with Anaphylaxis: Monoclonal Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (2006)

All patients with unexplained hypotension after hymenoptera stings should undergo a thorough investigation for major and minor SM criteria regardless of the tryptase level or presence of skin lesions, in order to diagnose or exclude SM or a related subdiagnostic condition (1 or 2 minor SM criteria) tentatively termed monoclonal mast cell activation syndrome.
Cellulose Acetate/Citrate Agar Electrophoresis of Filter Paper Hemolysates From Heel Stick (1989)

In 1965, New York State Public Health Law 2500-a was enacted, mandating the screening of all newborns for phenylketonuria. The law was amended in 1974 to include testing for six other conditions, one of which is homozygous sickle cell disease. Originally, all screening was done in four semiautonomous laboratories located in Erie County (Buffalo), Onondaga County (Syracuse), New York City, and Albany County (Albany). These laboratories were set up to receive, test, and report results of all specimens in their respective regions of the state. Between 1981 and 1985, all screening was centralized at the Wadsworth Laboratories of the New York State Health Department in Albany, where in 1986 the newborn screening laboratory tested more than 288,000 specimens. Hemoglobin is screened with the two-tier procedure of Garrick et al: alkaline electrophoresis on cellulose acetate followed by acid electrophoresis on citrate agar. METHODS/PROCEDURES The average daily volume of the New York State Newborn Screening Program is 1,200 specimens, but the number of specimens can range from 800 to 3,000 per day. Specimens are collected from infant blood obtained by heel stick on Schleicher and Schuell 903 filter paper. Medical personnel are advised to collect the specimen when the infant is three to five days of age and before any planned transfusion is administered. The specimens are air dried and mailed to the laboratory within 24 hours of collection. When received in the laboratory accessioning unit, the specimens are examined to determine their suitability for testing. Specimens are screened for sickle hemoglobin only if there is sufficient blood on the filter paper and the date of collection to date of laboratory receipt is less than 14 day.
Percutaneous Cardiopulmonary Support in Refractory No-Reflow with Cardiogenic Shock after Coronary Stenting in Acute Myocardial Infarction (2010)

Coronary no-reflow is defined as inadequate myocardial perfusion of a given coronary segment without angiographic evidence of mechanical vessel obstruction. No-reflow is visualized angiographically as a reduction in thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and is typically accompanied by chest pain, electrocardiographic changes with ST-segment shift and possible hemodynamic compromise. No-reflow during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) results in increasing mortality and morbidity. Therefore, treatment of noreflow is associated with improved clinical outcomes. Generally, the treatment of no-reflow is based on pharmacotherapy. In this case, despite maximal pharmacotherapy and intraaortic balloon pump (IABP), refractory no-reflow accompanied with cardiogenic shock was successfully treated with percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS).
Innovation in research: the challenge and activities in progress/ L'innovazione nella ricerca: la sfida e l'attività in corso (2009)

The fourth edition of the Osdotta seminar, was held in Turin from 10-13 September 2008. The Seminar, set up as a moment of reflection about the tendencies that characterize the internal research of the Technology of Architecture, expanded its area of interest, opening up to different and wider horizons for new objectives of research. The program of the three days of meetings developed, as in the preceding editions, with an organic series of thematic tables merging in the final round table that hosted the discussions and the verification of the three external valuators.
A novel IncQ plasmid type harbouring a class 3 integron from Escherichia coli (2010)

This study identified for the first time the bla(GES-1) gene in E. coli and in Switzerland. It describes a novel IncQ-type plasmid subgroup that possesses original features, in particular iteron sequences that constitute a hot spot for integration of foreign DNA.
User-Cache Aided Transmission With Index Coding in $K$ -User Downlink Channels (2019)

This paper considers a single-input single-output broadcast channel with receiver side information. We find the optimal clique cover index code and the optimal transmission time allocation that minimize outage probability when total transmission time is limited. As our problem is NP-hard, we first find the optimal time allocation for a given index code. Then, we describe a brute-force algorithm that finds the set of all decodable index codes and chooses the optimal one adopting the optimal time allocation. To reduce the computational complexity of the brute-force algorithm, we propose a pruning algorithm which solves the same problem using the Hasse diagram but does not harm the optimality. Our analysis reveals that the optimal index code is dependent on the channel conditions, not simply on the number of required transmissions, which implies that the index coding-channel coupling improves the outage performance. It is also shown that this claim is still valid for general scalar linear index coding. Our simulation results verify that our proposed schemes effectively reduce the outage probability compared to other reference schemes, and our pruning algorithm considerably reduces the computational complexity required for the brute-force algorithm.
Optimizing the utilization of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines: you might just get what you want (2018)

Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for over 90 years to enhance the immune response to vaccines. Recent work has significantly advanced our understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of these adjuvants, offering key insights on underlying mechanisms. Given the long-term success of aluminum adjuvants, we believe that they should continue to represent the "gold standard" against which all new adjuvants should be compared. New vaccine candidates that require adjuvants to induce a protective immune responses should first be evaluated with aluminum adjuvants before other more experimental approaches are considered, since use of established adjuvants would facilitate both clinical development and the regulatory pathway. However, the continued use of aluminum adjuvants requires an appreciation of their complexities, in combination with access to the necessary expertise to optimize vaccine formulations. In this article, we will review the properties of aluminum adjuvants and highlight those elements that are critical to optimize vaccine performance. We will discuss how other components (excipients, TLR ligands, etc.) can affect the interaction between adjuvants and antigens, and impact the potency of vaccines. This review provides a resource and guide, which will ultimately contribute to the successful development of newer, more effective and safer vaccines.
Holographic Recording Setup for Integrated See-Through Near-Eye Display Evaluation (2017)

We present a design of hologram recording setup used to evaluate a concept of near to eye see through display. Our goal is to record a set of hologram elements distributions related to a given image pixel orientations sequence. The recovery of the hologram should project a static image into the eye by a self-focusing effect.
Polarization-Dependent Metasurface Enables Near-Infrared Dual-Modal Single-Pixel Sensing (2023)

Infrared single-pixel sensing with the two most representative modes, bright-field imaging and edge-enhanced imaging, has great application potential in biomedical diagnosis and defect inspection. Building a multifunctional and miniature optical computing device for infrared single-pixel sensing is extremely intriguing. Here, we propose and validate a dual-modal device based on a well-designed metasurface, which enables near-infrared bright-field and edge-enhanced single-pixel imaging. By changing the polarization of the incident beam, these two different modes can be switched. Simulations validate that our device can achieve high-fidelity dual-modal single-pixel sensing at 0.9 μm with certain noise robustness. We also investigate the generalization of our metasurface-based device and validate that different illumination patterns are applied to our device. Moreover, these output images by our device can be efficiently utilized for biomedical image segmentation. We envision this novel device may open a vista in dual-modal infrared single-pixel sensing.
Integrated Model Based Decision Analysis in Twelve Steps Applied to Petroleum Fields Development and Management (2015)

Abstract This work describes a new methodology based on 12 steps for integrated decision analysis related to petroleum fields development and management considering reservoir simulation, risk analysis, history matching, uncertainty reduction techniques, representative models and selection of production strategy under uncertainty. The example of application is the field UNISIM-I-D which is a benchmark case based on Namorado field, Campos Basin, in Brazil. The main focus of the results is to show that the method can be used in practical applications, i.e., complex reservoirs in different field stages (development and management) because it allows the integration of static (geostatistical images generated by reservoir information) and dynamic data (well production and pressure) to reduce uncertainties allowing risk analysis integrating geological, economic and other uncertainties yielding a decision analysis based on risk-return techniques. In this methodology, no proxy model is used so reservoir simulation is used directly to reproduce field performance. We also show that the methodology is efficient and easy to use, even in complex cases where the computational time is an important concern and in real time operations.
A Low Power and High Throughput Self Synchronous FPGA Using 65 nm CMOS with Throughput Optimization by Pipeline Alignment (2010)

We detail a self synchronous field programmable gate array (SSFPGA) with dual-pipeline (DP) architecture to conceal pre-charge time for dynamic logic, and its throughput optimization by using pipeline alignment implemented on benchmark circuits. A self synchronous LUT (SSLUT) consists of a three input tree-type structure with 8bits of SRAM for programming. A self synchronous switch box (SSSB) consists of both pass transistors and buffers to route signals, with 12bits of SRAM. One common block with one SSLUT and one SSSB occupies 2.2Mλ2 area with 35bits of SRAM, and the prototype SSFPGA with 34 × 30 (1020) blocks is designed and fabricated using 65nm CMOS. Measured results show at 1.2V 430MHz and 647MHz operation for a 3bit ripple carry adder, without and with throughput optimization, respectively. We find that using the proposed pipeline alignment techniques we can perform at maximum throughput of 647MHz in various benchmarks on the SSFPGA. We demonstrate up to 56.1 times throughput improvement with our pipeline alignment techniques. The pipeline alignment is carried out within the number of logic elements in the array and pipeline buffers in the switching matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: Perylenamidine‐imide Dyes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diffusion of Hydrogen Defects in BaTiO3 Ceramics and SrTiO3 Single Crystals. (1987)

Abstract The thermal desorption of D 2 O from acceptor‐doped titanate ceramics is investigated as a function of dopant concentration (0‐1.0 mol‐% Ni).