gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NAD(P)+-NAD(P)H models. 55. Transition metal catalyzed reduction of organic halides: high selectivity for reductive dehalogenation (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNAD(P)+-NAD(P)H models. 55. Transition metal catalyzed reduction of organic halides: high selectivity for reductive dehalogenationShinro Yasui, Kaoru Nakamura, Masayuki Fujii, and Atsuyoshi OhnoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 18, 3283–3287Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00218a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00218a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views757Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rheometry of irregularly shaped anisotropic biological samples (2011)

Quantification of viscoelastic properties of soft fibrous protein gels and tissue biopsies is vital to the study of disease progression and wound healing, among other research areas. The aim of this work is to establish a method of testing irregularly-shaped and anisotropic biological samples. This method has been tested with samples that have G' in the range of 10-500 Pa and sizes of approximately 15 mm in diameter. Future aims of this work include characterizing clots from acute stroke patients and studying anisotropic shear in fibrous biopolymer gels.
An exploratory study to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of radiation therapy in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with renal cell cancer. (2017)

518 Background: Preclinical data suggest there are synergistic effects of radiation therapy (RT) and check point inhibitors in anticancer immunity. The primary objective of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory activity of RT alone or in combination with Pembrolizumab (pembro) in solid tumors including renal cell cancer (RCC) patients (pts). Methods: RCC pts who progressed after at least one front-line therapy were eligible. Pts were treated with either RT (8Gy x 1 or 4Gy x 5) followed by (f/b) pembro or 1 dose pembro f/b RT f/b pembro. Pre- and post RT tumor biopsy was obtained to evaluate PD-L1 expression (assay by QualTeck). Immune markers from peripheral blood before, during, and after treatment were analyzed using flow cytometry. Treatment response was measured based on modified RECIST criteria. Results: 12 RCC patients were enrolled including 2 with non-clear cell subtype. One pt was not evaluable since pt quickly deteriorated and was taken off study. As of September 30, 2016, 5 pts were still on study with 3 pts having partial response (27.2%, responders) and were on study for at least 9.8 months. 2 responders were treated with 8 Gy f/b pembro while 1 was treated with pembro f/b RT f/b pembro. Six pts (54.5%, non-responders) had PFS between 2 – 4 m and were off study. For adverse events, 1 pt developed grade 4 pneumonitis after 10 cycles of pembro (RT to adrenal mets). Grade 3 AEs include fatigue, nausea, hyperglycemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and AST elevation (post RT for liver mets). PDL1 expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes presence after RT showed various patterns. Preliminary flow cytometry showed persistent higher numbers of monocytes in non-responders compared with responders. CD4+, CD8+, and NK cells and other markers are under-analyzed and the results will be presented. Conclusions: The combination of RT (8Gy or 20Gy) with pembro is feasible and tolerated, and demonstrates clinical activity. The AE profile is similar to single agent pembro. Monocytes, T, and NK cell kinetics are being examined. Clinical trial information: NCT02318771.
Will you let me use your nucleus? How Agrobacterium gets its T-DNA expressed in the host plant cellThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled The Nucleus: A Cell Within A Cell. (2006)

Agrobacterium is the only known bacterium capable of natural DNA transfer into a eukaryotic host. The genes transferred to host plants are contained on a T-DNA (transferred DNA) molecule, the transfer of which begins with its translocation, along with several effector proteins, from the bacterial cell to the host-cell cytoplasm. In the host cytoplasm, the T-complex is formed from a single-stranded copy of the T-DNA (T-strand) associated with several bacterial and host proteins and it is imported into the host nucleus via interactions with the host nuclear import machinery. Once inside the nucleus, the T-complex is most likely directed to the host genome by associating with histones. Finally, the chromatin-associated T-complex is uncoated from its escorting proteins prior to the conversion of the T-strand to a double-stranded form and its integration into the host genome.
Solid solutions in ternary phase diagram CeO2–ZrO2–Er2O3using pyrolitic precursors (2001)

ZrO2 based ceramics have important technological properties with interesting industrial applications. In the present paper erbia is investigated as a potential replacement for yttria in zirconia based ceramics. Several compositions in the ternary CeO2–ZrO2–Er2O3 system and to the binary system CeO2–Er2O3, not yet reported, were prepared. Owing to the low reactivity of cerium and erbium oxides, all the powders were prepared from highly reactive powder precursors which could attain equilibrium in short processing times. The method was based on the pyrolysis of soluble salts, according to a technique already previously applied to obtain shorter firing times and lower firing temperatures. The presence of two solid solutions in CeO2–Er2O3 and in CeO2–ZrO2–Er2O3 systems was stated and its limits were reported.
Mycobacterium avium KatG protein (MAV_2753): Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of MAC disease (2008)

Background: The dissemination of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease could be due to certain mycobacterial factors causing cytotoxicity of host cells, thereby leading to lysis of the cells and spreading of infection. Recently, in our lab, an 82 kDa M. avium immunodominant protein was identified to be M. avium KatG homologue (MAV_2753). The BLAST search showed the N-terminal 40 amino acids of M. avium KatG to be 100% different from the N-terminal of M. tuberculosis KatG. Present study was designed to explore the role of M. avium KatG protein in the interaction with the host cells and its possible role in the pathogenesis of MAC disease. Methods: Organ specific (human alveolar macrophages and A549 lung epithelial cell line) and systemic cells (human blood monocyte derived macrophages) were used to study the interaction of M. avium KatG protein in terms of various cytological, molecular and biochemical changes. Results: M. avium KatG protein showed significant binding with the host cells and resulted into significant reduction in the percent cellular viability (p < 0.001) thereby depicting its cytotoxic influence. The fragmentation of cellular DNA of the KatG treated cells into smaller fragments demonstrating characteristic ‘ladder like pattern’ and the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane as represented by green halo and membrane blebbing further defined these cytotoxic effects as apoptosis. The apoptosis of the host cells, as an effect of KatG protein was mediated by ROS generation, caspase-3, caspase-7 and PARP activation but not by TNF-alpha production. An increase in the cellular viability following treatment with an antioxidant, further confirmed the role of ROS in KatG mediated apoptosis. Conclusion: KatG protein of M. avium can bind to host cells, leading to their killing by apoptosis and might play a role in the cell to cell dissemination and pathogenesis of the disease. 13th International Congress on Infectious Diseases Abstracts (Oral Presentations)International Journal of Infectious DiseasesVol. 12Preview Full-Text PDF Open Archive
Network-Agnostic Knowledge Transfer for Medical Image Segmentation (2021)

Conventional transfer learning leverages weights of pre-trained networks, but mandates the need for similar neural architectures. Alternatively, knowledge distillation can transfer knowledge between heterogeneous networks but often requires access to the original training data or additional generative networks. Knowledge transfer between networks can be improved by being agnostic to the choice of network architecture and reducing the dependence on original training data. We propose a knowledge transfer approach from a teacher to a student network wherein we train the student on an independent transferal dataset, whose annotations are generated by the teacher. Experiments were conducted on five state-of-the-art networks for semantic segmentation and seven datasets across three imaging modalities. We studied knowledge transfer from a single teacher, combination of knowledge transfer and fine-tuning, and knowledge transfer from multiple teachers. The student model with a single teacher achieved similar performance as the teacher; and the student model with multiple teachers achieved better performance than the teachers. The salient features of our algorithm include: 1)no need for original training data or generative networks, 2) knowledge transfer between different architectures, 3) ease of implementation for downstream tasks by using the downstream task dataset as the transferal dataset, 4) knowledge transfer of an ensemble of models, trained independently, into one student model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective for knowledge transfer and easily tunable.
Alcian blue staining to track the intracellular fate of hyaluronic-acid-based nanoparticles at transmission electron microscopy (2019)

The main step in the assessment of nanomaterial safety and suitability for biomedical use is the location and the dynamic tracking of nanoparticles (NPs) inside cells or tissues. To precisely investigate the uptake mechanisms and intracellular fate of NPs, transmission electron microscopy is the technique of choice; however, the detection of NPs may sometimes be problematic. In fact, while NPs containing strongly electron dense (e.g., metal) components do not require specific detection methods at the ultrastructural level, organic NPs are hardly detectable in the intracellular environment due to their intrinsic moderate electron density. In this study, the critical-electrolyte-concentration Alcian Blue method set up by Schofield et al. in 1975 was applied to track hyaluronic-acid-based NPs in muscle cells in vitro. This long-established histochemical method proved to be a powerful tool allowing to identify not only whole NPs while entering cells and moving into the cytoplasm, but also their remnants following lysosomal degradation and extrusion.
Proposal of Bilateral Buck and Boost Chopper Circuit SAZZ-1 for EV Drive Application and the Test Evaluation at 25kW (2006)

A new high efficiency and high power bilateral boost and buck chopper circuit for the electric vehicle (EV) drive application is presented. The operation principle of SAZZ (snubber assisted zero voltage and zero current transition) topology was applied and a new SAZZ bilateral buck-boost chopper circuit (SAZZ-1) was created by combining two basic SAZZ circuit types. A 50 kHz-25 kW SAZZ-1 was fabricated and tested. 96.57% efficiency at 25 kW with boost mode (input:250 V/output:390 V) in forward direction and 97.44% efficiency at 25 kW with buck mode (input:420 V/output:300 V) in forward direction were obtained. The high potentiality of SAZZ-1 chopper could be demonstrated as we expected.
Supplementary Table 1 from Super Enhancer-Mediated Upregulation of <i>HJURP</i> Promotes Growth and Survival of t(4;14)-Positive Multiple Myeloma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 shows the list of 4C primers applied in the Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture assay.&lt;/p&gt;
Infectious but nonpathogenic isolate of Borrelia burgdorferi (1990)

We document for the first time an infectious but nonarthritogenic variant of Borrelia burgdorferi. Strain 25015, previously isolated from an Ixodes dammini larva collected in upstate New York, was infectious but failed to produce arthritis or carditis in laboratory rats and mice. By contrast, pathogenic strain N40 invariably caused arthritis. This nonarthritogenic variant, with proteins with molecular weights different from those of the standard B31 strain, was frequently isolated from normal joint tissues of experimentally infected rats. Outer surface proteins A and B of strain 25015 have molecular weights of about 32,500 and 35,500, respectively, in contrast to molecular weights of approximately 31,000 and 34,000, respectively, for outer surface proteins A and B of strains B31 and N40. A prominent low-molecular-weight protein of about 23,500 also characterizes strain 25015. Test animals infected for 30 to 60 days had relatively high antibody titers (greater than or equal to 1:1,280). The nonarthritogenic variant will be useful, along with pathogenic strains, in providing comparative insight into the pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis. Homologous immunoblotting of sera from rats and mice inoculated with both the arthritogenic and nonarthritogenic strains revealed antibody reactivities to proteins of B. burgdorferi different from those revealed in the heterologous tests.
Dynamics and control of structural loads of wind turbines (1998)

The potential for active attenuation of structural dynamic load-oscillations, by means of continuous control of the yaw servo, is investigated. The analysis is based on a model with flexibly interconnected rigid bodies. The focus is put on the tower bending, particularly in the lateral direction. The results show the importance of the yaw stiffness for the lateral tower-bending. Furthermore, in the particular case studied here, a periodic linear quadratic controller could achieve the same lateral damping as a suspension system with a spring and damper, or PD controller, with less than 10% of the tower torsion. The results clearly indicate the importance of considering the system's periodic dependence on time in the controller design.
Comparison of Interfacial Reactions Between AlSi7Mg and Alumina Filter After Casting and Spark Plasma Sintering** (2013)

Abstract So‐called “small impingement tests” were performed with alumina ceramic foam filters and melt of the aluminum alloy AlSi7Mg (A356). A second set of samples was produced using the “spark plasma sintering” (SPS). After solidification, the resulting interface formation between metal melt and ceramic was compared to evaluate differences between the impingement test that is very close to industrial metal melt filtration conditions and the powder metallurgical SPS process without convection of the liquid metal. The melt generation and interface formation during SPS was characterized by high heating rates of up to 1500 K min −1 , holding times of 1 min up to 60 min and fast cooling. Using energy and wavelength dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, indications for spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) were found at the original interface between AlSi7Mg melt and the alumina filter. Thermodynamic calculations were conducted and spinel formation was confirmed. It was demonstrated that SPS could serve as a fast and reliable tool to facilitate the reactions that occur at metal melt/ceramic interfaces during filtration.
The ParkourBot - a dynamic BowLeg climbing robot (2011)

The ParkourBot is an efficient and dynamic climbing robot. The robot comprises two springy legs connected to a body. Leg angle and spring tension are independently controlled. The robot climbs between two parallel walls by leaping from one wall to the other. During flight, the robot stores elastic energy in its springy legs and automatically releases the energy to "kick off" the wall during touch down. This paper elaborates on the mechanical design of the ParkourBot. We use a simple SLIP model to simulate the ParkourBot motion and stability. Finally, we detail experimental results, from open-loop climbing motions to closed-loop stabilization of climbing height in a planar, reduced gravity environment.
Predicting and monitoring cancer treatment response with diffusion‐weighted MRI (2010)

An imaging biomarker that would provide for an early quantitative metric of clinical treatment response in cancer patients would provide for a paradigm shift in cancer care. Currently, nonimage based clinical outcome metrics include morphology, clinical, and laboratory parameters, however, these are obtained relatively late following treatment. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) holds promise for use as a cancer treatment response biomarker as it is sensitive to macromolecular and microstructural changes which can occur at the cellular level earlier than anatomical changes during therapy. Studies have shown that successful treatment of many tumor types can be detected using DW-MRI as an early increase in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Additionally, low pretreatment ADC values of various tumors are often predictive of better outcome. These capabilities, once validated, could provide for an important opportunity to individualize therapy thereby minimizing unnecessary systemic toxicity associated with ineffective therapies with the additional advantage of improving overall patient health care and associated costs. In this report, we provide a brief technical overview of DW-MRI acquisition protocols, quantitative image analysis approaches and review studies which have implemented DW-MRI for the purpose of early prediction of cancer treatment response.
UWB radar and leaky waveguide for fall on track object identification (2010)

This paper presents a new system for detecting and identifying objects fallen onto railway tracks. The proposed solution is based on an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar technique combined with a slotted waveguide transmission line. A rectangular section, slotted waveguide is maintained all along the railway platform and used as a succession of monostatic radars. A design procedure is described. A procedure of extraction of target's electromagnetic signatures is discussed; simulation results are produced.
Noise Reduction of ECG Signal Based on Morphological Filtering and WT (2010)

In order to eliminate the noise in ECG signal and increase the diagnosis efficiency, a method based on morphological filtering and wavelet algorithm is proposed. The morphological filters is used to filter out the baseline interference signal, and the wavelet transform is applied to remove high frequency interference. The experiment proves that the algorithm is effective.
Photo-Sensitivities of Immobilized Retinoids (2009)

Optical absorption of retinoids, retinal and retinoic acid, in immobilized thin films were measured and evaluated using films fabricated by spin coating, Langmuir–Blodgett (LB), and layer-by-layer self-assembly methods. We succeeded in forming thin films of immobilized retinoids fabricated by self-assembly methods for the first time. Based on measurements with an atomic force microscope (AFM), it is estimated that film thickness was about 30 nm, with a total of sixteen layers. The photoisomerization reaction rate of the self-assembled film was found to be much more suppressed than that of LB films. Photoreceptive devices were built around films produced using a chitosan sol and immobilized retinoids in a self-assembled film, and the photocurrent responses of these devices were measured. Photoreceptive biophotonic devices using a self-assembled film showed photocurrent response by irradiation of ultraviolet light of 254 nm. Photocurrent response of the self-assembled films was faster than that of sol-based films. These nanoscale photoreceptive devices may be applied to bio-functional optical sensing or to future visual information processing devices.
Metal streak artifacts in X-ray computed tomography: a simulation study (1999)

Metal streak artifacts are an important problem in X-ray computed tomography. A high-resolution 2D fan-beam computed tomography simulator is presented. Several potential causes of metal streak artifacts are studied using phantom measurements and simulations. Beam hardening, scatter, noise and exponential edge-gradient effects are identified as important causes of metal streak artifacts. Furthermore, aliasing effects and object motion can be also responsible for certain metal streak artifacts.
Numerical Investigation of Non-Reacting and Reacting Diesel Sprays in Constant-Volume Vessels (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A numerical investigation on a series of Diesel spray experiments in constant-volume vessels is proposed. Non reacting conditions were used to assess the spray models and to determine the grid size required to correctly predict the fuel-air mixture formation process. To this end, not only computed liquid and vapor penetrations were compared with experimental data, but also a detailed comparison between computed and experimental mixture fraction distributions was performed at different distances from the injector. Grid dependency was reduced by introducing an Adaptive Local Mesh Refinement technique (ALMR) with an arbitrary level of refinement.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Once the capabilities of the current implemented spray models have been assessed, reacting conditions at different ambient densities and temperatures were considered. A Perfectly Stirred Reactor (PSR) combustion model, based on a direct integration of complex chemistry mechanisms over a homogenous cell, was adopted. A detailed comparison in terms of auto-ignition time and flame lift-off length is provided. Furthermore, the assumptions of the PSR model were verified by visualizing the mixture fraction variance (&lt;img class="article-image inline" src="2009-01-1971_fig0001.jpg" alt=""/&gt;) distribution in the regions where combustion takes place, such that the role of possible interactions between chemistry and turbulence can be estimated.&lt;/div&gt;