gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of Unsteady Wakes Behind an Oscillating Car Model (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This research focuses on the analysis of the instability of passenger vehicles associated with transient crosswind gusts. A new vehicle model, created to analyze the behavior of unsteady wakes on bluff bodies, is proposed. The tests presented here were performed on a squareback model animated by an oscillating yaw angle in a steady wind. The initial unsteady results were obtained for a yaw angle of 10°, a Reynolds number close to 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, and a maximum value of the Strouhal number of 0.07. The analysis of unsteady total-pressure tomographies and unsteady particle-image velocimetry (PIV) shows the presence of phase shifting and hysteresis that evolve as a function of the Strouhal number. This work was performed in the framework of a collaboration between the &lt;i&gt;Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, (CNAM), the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (SUPAERO)&lt;/i&gt; and the European automotive constructor &lt;i&gt;Peugeot Citroën SA&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
β-glucans: wide-spectrum immune-balancing food-supplement-based enteric (β-WIFE) vaccine adjuvant approach to COVID-19 (2021)

Conventional vaccines to combat COVID-19 through different approaches are at various stages of development. The complexity of COVID-19 such as the potential mutations of the virus leading to antigenic drift and the uncertainty on the duration of the immunity induced by the vaccine have hampered the efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we suggest an alternative interim treatment strategy based on biological response modifier glucans such as the <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i> AFO-202-derived β-glucan, which has been reported to induce trained immunity, akin to that induced by the Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine, by epigenetic modifications at the central level in the bone marrow. These β-glucans act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, activating mucosal immunity by binding with specific pathogen recognition receptors such as dectin-1 and inducing both the adaptive and innate immunity by reaching distant lymphoid organs. β-Glucans have also been used as immune adjuvants for vaccines such as the influenza vaccine. Therefore, until a conventional vaccine is widely available, an orally consumable vaccine adjuvant that acts like biosimilars, termed as the wide-spectrum immune-balancing food-supplement-based enteric (β-WIFE) vaccine adjuvant approach, with well-reported safety is worth in-depth investigation and can be considered for a clinical trial.
Optical imaging of breast cancer oxyhemoglobin flare correlates with neoadjuvant chemotherapy response one day after starting treatment (2011)

Approximately 8-20% of breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy fail to achieve a measurable response and endure toxic side effects without benefit. Most clinical and imaging measures of response are obtained several weeks after the start of therapy. Here, we report that functional hemodynamic and metabolic information acquired using a noninvasive optical imaging method on the first day after neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment can discriminate nonresponding from responding patients. Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging was used to measure absolute concentrations of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, water, and lipid in tumor and normal breast tissue of 24 tumors in 23 patients with untreated primary breast cancer. Measurements were made before chemotherapy, on day 1 after the first infusion, and frequently during the first week of therapy. Various multidrug, multicycle regimens were used to treat patients. Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging measurements were compared with final postsurgical pathologic response. A statistically significant increase, or flare, in oxyhemoglobin was observed in partial responding (n = 11) and pathologic complete responding tumors (n = 8) on day 1, whereas nonresponders (n = 5) showed no flare and a subsequent decrease in oxyhemoglobin on day 1. Oxyhemoglobin flare on day 1 was adequate to discriminate nonresponding tumors from responding tumors. Very early measures of chemotherapy response are clinically convenient and offer the potential to alter treatment strategies, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Effect of Dexfenfluramine Treatment in Rats Exposed to Acute and Chronic Hypoxia (1998)

The anorexiant dexfenfluramine, which inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake, has been associated with an increase in the relative risk of developing primary pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate in rats whether dexfenfluramine (1) alters the pulmonary vasomotor effects of 5-HT and (2) aggravates the development of pulmonary hypertension during exposure to various levels of chronic hypoxia. In isolated lungs from normoxic rats, dexfenfluramine up to 10(-4) M did not elicit any vasoactive effects, and neither did pretreatment with dexfenfluramine (10[-5] M in the perfusate) modify the vasoactive effects of 5-HT. In normoxic conscious rats, dexfenfluramine given intravenously potentiated the pulmonary pressor response to acute hypoxia (10% O2). In rats chronically treated with dexfenfluramine during a 2-wk exposure to 15% or 10% O2, plasma 5-HT concentrations were significantly increased compared with hypoxic controls, whereas no differences were found for pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, or pulmonary vessel muscularization. In contrast, a continuous 5-HT infusion providing a sustained increase in plasma 5-HT levels was associated with increased muscularization of distal pulmonary arteries in response to 10% O2. Simultaneous administration of dexfenfluramine prevented the effect of exogenous 5-HT on vascular remodeling. Our findings show that dexfenfluramine does not potentiate the development of pulmonary hypertension in rats exposed to chronic hypoxia, despite its effect on plasma 5-HT concentrations.
Polymorphisms of CUL5 are Associated with CD4+ T Cell Loss in HIV-1 Infected Individuals (2007)

Human apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (Apobec3) antiretroviral factors cause hypermutation of proviral DNA leading to degradation or replication-incompetent HIV-1. However, HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) suppresses Apobec3 activity through the Cullin 5-Elongin B-Elongin C E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. We examined the effect of genetic polymorphisms in the CUL5 gene (encoding Cullin 5 protein) on AIDS disease progression in five HIV-1 longitudinal cohorts. A total of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning 93 kb in the CUL5 locus were genotyped and their haplotypes inferred. A phylogenetic network analysis revealed that CUL5 haplotypes were grouped into two clusters of evolutionarily related haplotypes. Cox survival analysis and mixed effects models were used to assess time to AIDS outcomes and CD4+ T cell trajectories, respectively. Relative to cluster I haplotypes, the collective cluster II haplotypes were associated with more rapid CD4+ T cell loss (relative hazards [RH] = 1.47 and p = 0.009), in a dose-dependent fashion. This effect was mainly attributable to a single cluster II haplotype (Hap10) (RH = 2.49 and p = 0.00001), possibly due to differential nuclear protein–binding efficiencies of a Hap10-specifying SNP as indicated by a gel shift assay. Consistent effects were observed for CD4+ T cell counts and HIV-1 viral load trajectories over time. The findings of both functional and genetic epidemiologic consequences of CUL5 polymorphism on CD4+ T cell and HIV-1 levels point to a role for Cullin 5 in HIV-1 pathogenesis and suggest interference with the Vif-Cullin 5 pathway as a possible anti-HIV-1 therapeutic strategy.
Bidirectional electromagnetic microactuator with microcoil fabricated on a single wafer: static characteristics of membrane displacements (2005)

This paper presents our work on the design, microfabrication and testing of a bidirectional microactuator. The microactuator is electromagnetically driven and it is fully fabricated by surface micromachining on a single silicon wafer with CMOS compatibility. The microactuator consists of three main parts: a Au microcoil, a NiFe membrane with supported legs and a Co?Pt permanent magnet integrated on the membrane. The microactuator has an overall diameter of 1600 ?m and an overall height of 600 ?m, including the wafer thickness. Two different membrane designs are presented: double-leg and single-leg designs. A laser Doppler vibrometer is used to test the bidirectional motion of the microactuator. The double-leg design operates at a current in the range of ?0.25 to 0.3 A for a displacement in the range of ?71 to 28.3 ?m. The single-leg design operates at a current in the range of ?0.1 to 0.3 A for a displacement in the range of ?108 to 150 ?m. The bidirectional microactuator has shown a large displacement/size ratio, up to 35 ?m mm?2.
Rigorous floating-point mixed-precision tuning (2016)

Virtually all real-valued computations are carried out using floating-point data types and operations. The precision of these data types must be set with the goals of reducing the overall round-off error, but also emphasizing performance improvements. Often, a mixed-precision allocation achieves this optimum; unfortunately, there are no techniques available to compute such allocations and conservatively meet a given error target across all program inputs. In this work, we present a rigorous approach to precision allocation based on formal analysis via Symbolic Taylor Expansions, and error analysis based on interval functions. This approach is implemented in an automated tool called FPTuner that generates and solves a quadratically constrained quadratic program to obtain a precision-annotated version of the given expression. FPTuner automatically introduces all the requisite precision up and down casting operations. It also allows users to flexibly control precision allocation using constraints to cap the number of high precision operators as well as group operators to allocate the same precision to facilitate vectorization. We evaluate FPTuner by tuning several benchmarks and measuring the proportion of lower precision operators allocated as we increase the error threshold. We also measure the reduction in energy consumption resulting from executing mixed-precision tuned code on a real hardware platform. We observe significant energy savings in response to mixed-precision tuning, but also observe situations where unexpected compiler behaviors thwart intended optimizations.
A phenotypic, transcriptional and TCR Vβ repertoire signature of CD8+ T cells define a population at-risk of long-term kidney graft dysfunction (2012)

International audience
Synthesis, in vitro kinetics and in vivo studies on protein conjugates of AZT: Evaluation as a transport system to increase brain delivery (1993)

Our method to increase the delivery of polar drugs to the central nervous system is via drug-protein conjugates with proteins that interact with and cross brain capillary endothelial cells. As a model for drugs containing a reactive hydroxyl group, AZT was conjugated via a succinate linker to two such protein carriers, the highly cationic histone H1 and an anti-transferrin receptor antibody, OX-26. The protein carriers were selected on the basis of their ability to interact with brain capillary endothelial cells by absorptive or receptor-mediated events, respectively. An in vitro pH profile of the rate of AZT release indicated that the observed hydrolysis proceeds by a specific base-catalysis mechanism. At 37 degrees C, the release of AZT proceeded at a rate approximately 10-fold faster (Kobs approximately 8 x 10(-4) min-1) than expected for a simple ester (AZT succinate; Kobs approximately 1.25 x 10(-4) min-1). Using simple model systems, product analysis revealed that intramolecular cyclization of the succinate linker accounts for the observed rate enhancement. Drug delivery in vivo was assessed using immunohistochemical techniques and quantitative brain uptake measurements with singly and doubly labeled AZT-OX-26 conjugates. Immunohistochemical staining of brain sections showed the colocalization of AZT and OX-26 in the brain vasculature. Therefore, drug can be linked to the antibody without affecting the targeting property of the antibody. Furthermore, an in vivo time course using radiolabeled conjugate showed that AZT is delivered to the brain capillaries but is not transported into the brain parenchyma with the antibody.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Are Medical Grade Bioabsorbable Polymers a Viable Material for Fused Filament Fabrication? (2019)

Lumbar fusion surgery has grown in popularity as a solution to lower back pain. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious complication of spinal surgery, affecting as high as 8.5% of the patient population. If the SSI cannot be eradicated with intravenous antibiotics, the next step is second surgery, which increases the cost imposed on the patient and extends recovery time. An implantable ultrasound-triggered polyether ether ketone device for the dispersal of antibiotics has been developed as a potential solution. In this study, the device was constructed of bioabsorbable medical grade polymer, enabling gradual degradation, and manufactured via fused filament fabrication (FFF). A novel bioabsorbable filament was manufactured and validated with gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The filament was consistent in molecular weight and thermal properties (p = 0.348 and p = 0.487, respectively). The filament was utilized for FFF of the device. Dimensional accuracy of the device was assessed with μCT analysis. Dimensional differences between the printed device and intended design were minimal. Degradation of raw material, filament, and the device was performed in accordance to ASTM F1635-16 for a month to determine how melting the material impacted the degradation properties. The degradation rate was found to be similar among the samples weeks one through three however, the raw material degraded at a slower rate by the final week (p = 0.039). This study demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing medical grade bioabsorbable polymers in FFF.
Enterprise application integration by means of a generic CORBA LDAP gateway (2003)

Telecommunication applications are inherently distributed and the interface provided to third party applications is often complex and also distributed. Usually, these third party components need only a subset of the provided data, therefore a simple and standardized access method would be preferred. Such an interface is provided by the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and we designed an LDAP to CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) gateway acting as a bridge between the involved technologies.
Disentangled Spectrum Variations Networks for NIR–VIS Face Recognition (2019)

Surveillance cameras often capture near infrared images since it provides a low-cost and effective solution to acquire high-quality images under low-light environments. However, visual versus near infrared (VIS-NIR) heterogeneous face recognition (HFR) is still a challenging issue in computer vision community due to the gap between sensing patterns of different spectrums as well as the lack of sufficient training samples. To solve the above problem, in this paper, we present an effective Disentangled Spectrum Variations Networks (DSVNs) for VISNIR HFR. Two key strategies are introduced to the DSVNs for disentangling spectrum variations between two domains: Spectrum-adversarial Discriminative Feature Learning (SaDFL) and Step-wise Spectrum Orthogonal Decomposition (SSOD). The SaDFL consists of Identity-Discriminative subnetwork (IDNet) and Auxiliary Spectrum Adversarial subnetwork (ASANet). On the one hand, the IDNet is composed of a generator G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</sub> and a discriminator D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">U</sub> for extracting identity-discriminative feature. On the other hand, the ASANet is built by a generator G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</sub> and a discriminator D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</sub> for eliminating modality-variant spectrum information under the guidance of the discriminator D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</sub> . The identity-label and modality-label HFR datasets are used to train the DSVNs with triplet loss. Both IDNet and ASANet can jointly enhance the domain-invariant feature representations via an adversarial learning. Furthermore, to disentangle spectrum variations effectively as well as making identity information and modality information unrelated to each other, we present a new topology of connection block called Disentangled Spectrum Variations (DSV). An orthogonality constraint is imposed to DSV at the convolution level for channel-wise orthogonal decomposition between the modality-invariant identity information and modalityvariant spectrum information. In particular, the SSOD is built by stacking multiple modularized mirco-block DSV, and thereby enjoys the benefits of disentangling spectrum variation step by step. Moreover, we investigate the similarity calculation method to further improve the HFR performance. To sum up, the designed DSVNs leads to a purification of identity information as well as an elimination of modality information. Extensive experiments are carried out on two challenging NIR-VIS HFR datasets CASIA NIRVIS 2.0 and Oulu-CASIA NIR-VIS, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed method.
Identification of Alcoholism and Depression in a Geriatric Medicine Outpatient Clinic (1993)

Whereas brief alcohol screening instruments to detect alcoholism did not augment the geriatrician's clinical assessment, screening for depression with the GDS may be an important adjunct to the identification of depression in geriatric medical patients.
Cation permeability alterations during sickling: relationship to cation composition and cellular hydration of irreversibly sickled cells (1978)

Sickle erythrocytes (RBC) incubated under 100% nitrogen for 4 hr manifested marked Na gain with an equivalent K loss. There were no changes in cell total cation or water content under these conditions, and no irreversible sickle cells (ISC) were formed. In contrast, sickle RBC incubated for 24 hr under 100% nitrogen in a glucose-free Na medium containing calcium manifested marked ISC formation. ISC formed under these conditions also had elevated Na content, although K content was much more reduced, and consequently ISC were cation depleted and dehydrated. When sickle RBC were incubated 24 hr under 100% nitrogen in a glucose-free K medium containing calcium no ISC formed and there were no major changes in cation or water content. These studies indicate that the Na+K content and dehydration of ISC was not directly related to the increased cation permeability associated with sickling. Rather, the ISC changes appear to reflect the well-known Gardos effect (K and water loss occurring in ATP-depleted RBC incubated with calcium). In addition, these studies suggest that ISC formation per se is related to K and water loss, since no ISC were formed when ATP-depleted sickle RBC were deoxygenated in calcium-containing high-K media that prevented K loss and dehydration.
Characterization of GaAs/Si/GaAs Heterostructures (1992)

GaAs/Si( n )/GaAs, n =1 to 3 mono-layers (ML) were grown on GaAs (100) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. Double crystal X-ray diffraction rocking curve and Rutherford backscattering/chanelling studies indicated that 1 ML of Si grows coherently and psuedomorphicatly on GaAs and 2 and 3 ML Si exhibit increasing defect nature and are probably relaxed. Raman scattering measurements of the cap GaAs layer showed an increase in intensity of forbidden transverse optical (TO) phonon peak with increasing underlying Si layer thickness. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy studies revealed that for 1 ML Si, the Si-GaAs interface and the Si layer are defect free. However, for increasing thickness of Si to n =2 and 3 ML, defect density increased at the Si-GaAs cap layer interface.
Role of interferon-gamma in inflammatory responses in murine respiratory infection with Legionella pneumophila (2002)

The role of interferon (IFN)-gamma in host inflammatory responses, including inflammatory cytokine production, in experimental pneumonia with Legionella pneumophila was examined in IFN-gamma knockout (IFN-gamma-/-) mice. IFN-gamma-/- mice and wild-type BALB/cA mice were inoculated intranasally with L. pneumophila strain KC. The survival rate of IFN-gamma-/- mice was significantly lower than that of control mice. Viable bacterial counts in lungs and blood showed a rapid and continuous increase in IFN-gamma-/- mice, in contrast to a gradual decrease in the lungs and an intermittent bacteraemia in control mice. Histopathological analysis of L. pneumophila-infected lung tissues demonstrated mild pneumonia in control mice, whereas severe pneumonia was shown in IFN-gamma-/- mice. During the late stages of infection, the number of total bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells was significantly higher in IFN-gamma-/- than in control mice. The concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta in sera of IFN-gamma-/- mice were significantly lower in control mice during the early stages of infection, suggesting suppressed production of inflammatory cytokines in IFN-gamma-/- mice. In contrast, during the late stages of infection, the levels of these cytokines were significantly higher in sera of IFN-gamma-/- mice than in control mice, suggesting severe and systemic infection in IFN-gamma-/- mice. The findings suggest that retardation of host immune responses, including inflammatory cytokine production caused by deficiency of IFN-gamma, might allow the bacteria to grow and cause fulminant pneumonia.
Mid IR laser oscillations in new low phonon PbGa2S4:Dy3+ crystal (2005)

The increased interest in the field of atmospheric remote sensing resulted in grown attention to mid IR lasers with oscillation wavelength within 4-5 μm region corresponding to so called “transparency window” which is characterized by low atmospheric absorption. To avoid he problem of strong nonradiative quenching of mid IR transitions, laser crystals with low maximum phonon frequencies are required. Chloride and sulfide crystals are very promising due to lower vibrational frequencies. In [1] 0.12 mJ mid IR λ=4.31 μm laser oscillations of Dy3+ ion in calcium thiogallate (CaGa2S4) were first reported. In this paper we present new results on spectroscopy and laser oscillations (0.3 mJ λ=4.33 μm) in lead thiogallate (PbGa2S4) doped with dysprosium which have some advantages over the calcium one.
Forschungsperspektiven bezüglich der sozialen Kontexte (1992)

Wie bereits erwähnt, wurde die Subjektperspektive in den untersuchten Forschungsprojekten in der Regel nicht unter der Frage der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung thematisiert. Die rekonstruierten Ergebnisse aus den einzelnen Bereichen lassen jedoch zum Teil gravierende Veränderungen von Sozialisationsprozessen und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung erwarten. Die Entwicklungsaufgaben werden entscheidend durch die Computerisierung von Lebens- und Arbeitswelt geprägt.