gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Likelihood Functions for Errors-in-variables Models - Bias-free Local Estimation with Minimum Variance (2014)

Parameter estimation in the presence of noisy measurements characterizes a wide range of computer vision problems. Thus, many of them can be formulated as errors-in-variables (EIV) problems. In this paper we provide a closed form likelihood function to EIV problems with arbitrary covariance structure. Previous approaches either do not offer a closed form, are restricted in the structure of the covariance matrix, or involve nuisance parameters. By using such a likelihood function, we provide a theoretical justification for well established estimators of EIV models. Furthermore we provide two maximum likelihood estimators for EIV parameters, a straight forward extension of a well known estimator and a novel, local estimator, as well as confidence bounds by means of the Cramer Rao Lower Bound. We show their performance by numerical experiments on optical flow estimation, as it is well explored and understood in literature. The straight forward extension turned out to have oscillating behavior, while the novel, local one performs favorably with respect to other methods. For small motions, it even performs better than an excellent global optical flow algorithm on the majority of pixel locations.
The adenosine Ri agonist, phenylisopropyladenosine, reduces high affinity isoproterenol binding to the beta-adrenergic receptor of rat myocardial membranes. (1988)

Adenosine attenuates beta-adrenergic receptor mediated activation of adenylate cyclase in myocardial membranes via adenosine Ri receptors. The effects of adenosine analogs on the binding characteristics of beta-adrenergic receptors were examined in the present study utilizing rat ventricular membranes treated with adenosine deaminase. In 125I-cyanopindolol/isoproterenol competitive binding experiments phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA) significantly increased the IC50 for isoproterenol from 48 +/- 6 nM to 140 +/- 48 nM and steepened the slope of the competition curves from -0.56 +/- 0.03 to -0.90 +/- 0.21. Computer analysis of these curves indicated that binding of isoproterenol to the high affinity state of the beta-adrenergic receptor was eliminated in the presence of PIA. PIA had no effects in the presence of GPP(NH)P. 2-chloroadenosine, a less specific Ri agonist, caused smaller increases in IC50 and slope, without significantly affecting high affinity binding. 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, a P-site agonist, had no significant effects on isoproterenol binding. During the time course of the competitive binding experiments the membranes displayed isoproterenol-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity in the absence of added GTP. These data suggest that adenosine attenuates catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase via Ri receptors by decreasing the ability of beta-adrenergic agonists to promote the formation of a high affinity complex composed of the agonist, receptor and stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein.
Hair Protein Patterns in a New Autosomal Dominant Ectodermal Dysplasia (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The ectodermal dysplasias form a heterogeneous group of conditions that are poorly understood both clinically and causally.<sup>1</sup>We describe a new type of ectodermal dysplasia characterized by onychodysplasia and trichodysplasia that affected seven individuals spanning three generations. We attempted to find a hair protein alteration in this family that could aid in diagnosis and counseling. Hair samples were obtained from the unaffected mother and daughter and from the affected father and daughter in the first generation. These hairs were solubilized and hair proteins analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A low-molecular-weight protein was found in the insoluble hair fractions obtained from the affected father and daughter, but not in those obtained from the normal family members or from a control group of normal individuals. The results of this family study suggest that hair proteins may be altered in the ectodermal dysplasias in which trichodysplasia is a prominent feature.
QO-STBC coded protocol for cooperative communications (2010)

In this paper, the quasi-orthogonal space-timeblock-code (QO-STBC) cooperative communications with relay selection and phase-rotation methods for four communication nodes are investigated. Specifically, both of relay selection and phase-rotation methods could achieve a diversity of four but they use a different number of relay nodes at a time. In addition, a code rate of the proposed scheme is twice the ordinary cooperative communications. Computer simulation results show a significant probability of error improvement of about 7 dB over the conventional decode-and-forward protocol.
Controlling the location of the channel of an arc discharge in vacuum-arc devices (2002)

Possibilities of controlling electric arc-location burning between the butt-ends of cylindrical electrodes for the thermal treatment of metals are investigated. It is shown that the behavior of an electric arc in a nonuniform magnetic field can be determined by the diamagnetism of plasma, Holl-current and mechanical interaction of the arc with current-carrying elements. Methods of localizing or positioning the AC and DC arc discharges in the gap between electrodes are suggested.
[Association of microtubule promoting and binding activity of tau with its phosphorylation sites]. (2000)

Phosphorylation of Thr-205 might play a key role in tau pathology in AD.
Les options techniques, les enjeux, atouts et contraintes (2010)

Des travaux d’expertise présentés précédemment, il ressort qu’il existe en Nouvelle-Calédonie un fort potentiel de maîtrise de l’énergie dans les secteurs résidentiel et industriel : une réduction de la consommation d’énergie est possible, mais cela a un coût et suppose une évolution des modes de production, de construction et de consommation. Il existe aussi un fort potentiel de développement des énergies renouvelables et de nouvelles technologies : certaines des énergies nouvelles développé...
Diagnosis and treatment to non-palpable undescended testis with laparoscopy in 39 cases (2008)

[Objective] To evaluate the effects of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of non-palpable undescended testis. [Methods] Laparoscopy was utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of non-palpable undescended testis (44 sides) in 39 cases from February 2004 to February 2005. [Results] The diagnosis was clarified in all the 39 cases. Intra-abdominal testis was found in 38 sides (primary orchidopexy in 31 sides and two-staged Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy in 7 sides) and testis was absent in 6 sides. 1 side testicular atrophy was found during 0.5~1 year follow-up in two-staged Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy. [Conclusions] Laparoscopic intervention, characterized with accurate diagnosis, little invasion and quick recovery, can be the first choice for the diagnosis and treatment of non-palpable undescended testis. The primary orchidopexy of testis may have satisfactory results if possible.
Synthesis of 2-C-Methyl-d-erythritol 4-Phosphate:  The First Pathway-Specific Intermediate in the Methylerythritol Phosphate Route to Isoprenoids (1999)

[reaction: see text] 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (4), formed from 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (3), is the first pathway-specific intermediate in the methylerythritol phosphate route for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid compounds in bacteria, algae, and plant chloroplasts. In this report, 4 was synthesized from 1,2-propanediol (7) in seven steps with an overall yield of 32% and in an enantiomeric excess of 78%.
VOLTAGE SUPPORT TRANSFORMER A NOVEL DEVICE FOR IMPROVED POWER QUALITY (2007)

This paper describes an innovative device Voltage Support Transformer (VST) for improved power quality during power system transients. The VST applications that reduce voltage sags caused by faults in power systems and reduce overvoltages caused by shunt capacitor bank switching are presented. Voltage sags (dips) are caused by short circuits on either the utility transmission or distribution system. Duration of voltage sags depend on the fault types. Whenever a fault occurs in the power system that causes voltage sag at the fault location it will also cause voltage sag at loads that are connected to the nearby feeders. Unfortunately, even if an industrial facility with a sensitive manufacturing process is not connected on the faulted circuit, voltage sags may affect the manufacturing process. When installed at the utility substations that provide power for an industrial facility, the VST will support the system voltage for the whole facility. Shunt capacitor bank switching may cause high overvoltages that can endanger normal operation of sensitive load and, in some cases, cause high overvoltages that may damage power transformer insulation. The VST may effectively reduce the capacitor bank switching overvoltages. The VST is a specially designed single-phase transformer that mutually couples the same phases of two or more lines and is connected in series with the loads. It uses a change in current from one line in which a fault condition or other power perturbation exists to create a voltage change in one or more of the other lines of the network connected to the same bus, to maintain or support the voltage in those lines at or near pre-perturbation levels.
Core-based design methodology for reconfigurable computing applications (2000)

In reconfigurable computing applications, cores are mapped on and off a reprogrammable device to support computation. The paper examines the design and management of two types of cores: routed and reconfigurable cores. Routed cores are fully implemented components which can be entirely added to or removed from a programmable device during application execution, whilst sections of reconfigurable cores can be modified during execution. It is argued that routed cores represent point solutions of traditional soft, firm or hard cores, and thus cores made using existing design flows can be used in reconfigurable computing applications. The use of custom tools to automatically translate soft, firm or hard cores into routed cores is discussed, whilst the design and run-time management of reconfigurable cores is illustrated with an application example.
Increased Activity of L-Type Ca 2+ Channels Exposed to Serum from Patients with Type I Diabetes (1993)

Type I diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] is an autoimmune disease associated with the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Serum from patients with IDDM increased L-type calcium channel activity of insulin-producing cells and of GH3 cells derived from a pituitary tumor. The subsequent increase in the concentration of free cytoplasmic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was associated with DNA fragmentation typical of programmed cell death or apoptosis. These effects of the serum were prevented by adding a blocker of voltage-activated L-type Ca2+ channels. When the serum was depleted of immunoglobulin M (IgM), it no longer affected [Ca2+]i. An IgM-mediated increase in Ca2+ influx may thus be part of the autoimmune reaction associated with IDDM and contribute to the destruction of beta cells in vivo.
CP Stars at La Silla (2014)

We used in seasons 2011 and 2012 (7+7 nights) ´ Echelle
spectroscop FEROS at La Silla observatory to obtain high
dispersion spectra of chemically peculiar stars. The lecture
will describe the observed stars, their selection, but also
practical experience with the observation of this instrument.
Association between ambulance dispatch priority and patient condition (2016)

Scope for reducing under-triage and over-triage of ambulance dispatch varies between chief complaints of the Medical Priority Dispatch System. The highlighted chief complaints should be considered for future research into improving ambulance dispatch system performance.
Vitreous body glutamate concentration in dogs with glaucoma (1997)

The emphasis on reduction and normalization of high intraocular pressure as the primary focus of treatment for glaucoma in dogs should be augmented by other therapeutic approaches.
Antimicrobial Activity of Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Is Caused by Phenol-soluble Modulin Derivatives (2011)

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) are causing an ongoing pandemic of mostly skin and soft tissue infections. The success of CA-MRSA as pathogens is due to a combination of antibiotic resistance with high virulence. In addition, it has been speculated that CA-MRSA strains such as the epidemic U.S. clone USA300 have increased capacity to colonize human epithelia, owing to bacteriocin-based bacterial interference. We here analyzed the molecular basis of antimicrobial activity detected in S. aureus strains, including those of the USA300 lineage. In contrast to a previous hypothesis, we found that this activity is not due to expression of a lantibiotic-type bacteriocin, but proteolytically processed derivatives of the phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) peptides PSMα1 and PSMα2. Notably, processed PSMα1 and PSMα2 exhibited considerable activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, indicating a role of PSMs in the interference of S. aureus strains with the competing colonizing pathogen. Furthermore, by offering a competitive advantage during colonization of the human body, the characteristically high production of PSMs in USA300 and other CA-MRSA strains may thus contribute not only to virulence but also the exceptional capacity of those strains to sustainably spread in the population, which so far has remained poorly understood.
Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of carbon monoxide chemisorbed on alumina-supported transition metals (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of carbon monoxide chemisorbed on alumina-supported transition metalsPaul K. Hansma, William C. Kaska, and R. M. LaineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 19, 6064–6065Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00435a062RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (264 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Excision of Sleeping Beauty transposons: parameters and applications to gene therapy (2004)

Abstract A major problem in gene therapy is the determination of the rates at which gene transfer has occurred. Our work has focused on applications of the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system as a non‐viral vector for gene therapy. Excision of a transposon from a donor molecule and its integration into a cellular chromosome are catalyzed by SB transposase. In this study, we used a plasmid‐based excision assay to study the excision step of transposition. We used the excision assay to evaluate the importance of various sequences that border the sites of excision inside and outside the transposon in order to determine the most active sequences for transposition from a donor plasmid. These findings together with our previous results in transposase binding to the terminal repeats suggest that the sequences in the transposon‐junction of SB are involved in steps subsequent to DNA binding but before excision, and that they may have a role in transposase–transposon interaction. We found that SB transposons leave characteristically different footprints at excision sites in different cell types, suggesting that alternative repair machineries operate in concert with transposition. Most importantly, we found that the rates of excision correlate with the rates of transposition. We used this finding to assess transposition in livers of mice that were injected with the SB transposon and transposase. The excision assay appears to be a relatively quick and easy method to optimize protocols for delivery of genes in SB transposons to mammalian chromosomes in living animals. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Mesmoproc – implementation of a maskless electrochemical surface modification process (2013)

Conventional approaches to the fabrication of fine features in the printed circuit board and metal finishing industries typically employ a multistage photolithography stage to process each individual substrate, which is both inefficient and wasteful of valuable materials. By developing and implementing a maskless electrochemical process that decreases the use of lithography, the Mesmoproc project aims to assist European industry in these sectors.
Energy conservation approach for data center cooling using heat pipe based cold energy storage system (2010)

In the present paper, design and economics of the novel type of thermal control system for data center cooling using heat pipe based cold energy storage system has been proposed and discussed. Two types of cold energy storage system namely: Ice storage system and cold water storage system are explained and sized for datacenter with heat output capacity of 8800 KW. Basically, the cold energy storage will help to downsize the chiller and decrease its runtime that will save electricity related cost and decrease green house gas emissions from the electricity generation. The proposed cold energy storage system can be connected in the existing datacenter facilities without major design changes. Out of the two proposed systems, ice based cold energy storage system is mainly recommended for small to medium size datacenters which are located in very cold locations and offers long term seasonal storage facility. Water based cold energy storage system provides more compact size with short term storage (hours to days) and is potential for both small to large size datacenters with yearly average temperature below the cold storage water temperature (~ 25°C). The cold water storage system is sized on the basis of metrological conditions in Poughkeepsie, USA. As an outcome of the thermal and cost analysis, an optimum size of cold energy storage system should be designed to handle 60% of the yearly datacenter load. Preliminary results obtained from the experimental system design to test the ice formation potential of the heat pipe based cold energy storage system has shown good result and validated the proposed concept.
A General, Yet Useful Theory of Information Systems (1999)

This paper proposes a general, yet useful theory of information systems. It is a response to repeated lamentations and debates about whether it is possible to find a set of core concepts for the IS field. Business and IT professionals can apply this theory for understanding and analyzing information systems. Academic researchers can apply it for gaining a deeper appreciation of past research and for developing future research projects. This theory tries to be equally applicable to all information systems, and not just to a particular type of application such as TPS, MIS, DSS, EIS, GSS, or ERP. It also tries to be equally applicable to information systems of today, of 20 years ago, and of the near term future. NOTE: A FOLLOW UP TO THIS ARTICLE, TITLED "SAME WORDS, DIFFERENT MEANINGS: ARE BASIC IS/IT CONCEPTS OUR SELF-IMPOSED TOWER OF BABEL?" APPEARS AS VOLUME 3, ARTICLE 10. IN ADDITION, THREE LETTERS TO THE EDITOR, ONE WITH VOLUME 2 ARTICLE 17, ONE WITH VOLUME 2 ARTICLE 20 AND ONE WITH LETTERS-1 IN VOLUME 2, ARE BASED ON THIS ARTICLE.
Complexity-Building Photoinduced Cascade Involving Csp2–Csp3 Coupling of Aromatic Amides via [2 + 2] Reactivity of ESIPT-Generated o-Azaxylylenes (2023)

A new mode for complexity-building photochemical cascades which offers experimentally simple transition metal-free intramolecular C<sub>sp<sup>2</sup></sub>-C<sub>sp<sup>3</sup></sub> cross coupling of aromatic amides is attained via an unprecedented [2 + 2] reactivity of ESIPT-generated azaxylylenes. Coupled with short and straightforward postphotochemical modifications of the primary photoproducts, these cascades allow for a significant step-normalized growth of molecular complexity while accessing diverse and complex polyheterocyclic molecular architectures.
O3‐11‐05: Mitochondrial variation associated with decreased Alzheimer's disease incidence in the Cache County Study on Memory Health and Aging (2012)

Mitochondria, the location of the ATP generating electron transport chain (ETC), contain multiple copies of a circular genome 16569 bases in length. It is accepted that mitochondrial function is disrupted in the brains of AD patients. However, the mitochondria's exact role is not known. For example, senile plaques aggregate within the mitochondria of AD patients, but it is not known if this aggregation is a cause or effect of mitochondrial dysfunction, and what, if any, role the mitochondrial genome has in the development of AD. Several groups have attempted to identify mitochondrial SNPs and/or haplotypes associated with AD, but with limited success. Approximately 300 individuals from the Cache County Aging Study on Memory Health and Aging were selected and their mitochondrial genomes sequenced. Since mitochondria are maternally inherited it is possible to impute mitochondrial genomes based on shared maternal lineages. Following construction of a haplotype network we used an evolution-based haplotype analysis method, TreeScan, and a permutation based multiple test correction to identify specific haplotypes associated with AD case control status. Using these methods it is possible to identify specific variants that differ between haplotypes and thus identify variants driving the association. Our dataset consisted of 285 individuals with full mitochondrial genome sequences, an additional 723 with imputed sequences for a total of 1008 total individuals, consisting of 249 unique haplotypes. After multiple test correction two different haplogroups (groups of haplotypes) showed evidence of decreased AD incidence with p-values of 0.0361 (30 individuals, 11 haplotypes) and 0.0381 (29 individuals, 9 haplotypes). The majority of the haplotypes in these two groups were H6a1a/b. Strikingly, none of the individuals in either of the groups had AD despite having mean ages of 79.62 (median: 79.5) and 79.48 (median: 79.42) years, respectively. Specific mitochondrial variants had significant association with AD control status in our dataset. Our results are especially impressive given an average age of 79 in the two groups showing association. The specific variants, which define these two haplogroups, will be analyzed to determine how they could provide protection against AD.