gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spring Viremia of Carp Virus in Minnehaha Creek, Minnesota (2012)

Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) causes a highly contagious and serious disease of freshwater cyprinid fishes, generating significant economic and ecological impacts throughout the world. The SVCV is therefore listed as a notifiable pathogen by the International Organization for Animal Health. In June 2011, a significant mortality event of wild common carp Cyprinus carpio occurred in Minnehaha Creek near its confluence with Mississippi River Pool 2 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Clinical signs of moribund fish included hemorrhagic lesions in the skin, eyes, and internal adipose tissue. The SVCV was isolated from pooled kidney and spleen of the fish. Rhabdovirus particles were seen upon examination of infected cell culture fluid by electron microscopy. The virus was confirmed to be SVCV subtype Ia by reverse transcription PCR and sequencing. This is the first report of SVCV within the state of Minnesota and the ninth documented case in North America.
Ti2O3/TiO2-Assisted Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of 4-tert-Butylphenol in Water (2021)

Colored Ti2O3 and Ti2O3/TiO2 (mTiO) catalysts were prepared by the thermal treatment method. The effects of treatment temperature on the structure, surface area, morphology and optical properties of the as-prepared samples were investigated by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, Raman and UV–VIS spectroscopies. Phase transformation from Ti2O3 to TiO2 rutile and TiO2 anatase to TiO2 rutile increased with increasing treatment temperatures. The photocatalytic activities of thermally treated Ti2O3 and mTiO were evaluated in the photodegradation of 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP) under solar light irradiation. mTiO heated at 650 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation and mineralization of 4-t-BP, being approximately 89.8% and 52.4%, respectively, after 150 min of irradiation. The effects of various water constituents, including anions (CO32−, NO3, Cl and HCO3−) and humic acid (HA), on the photocatalytic activity of mTiO-650 were evaluated. The results showed that the presence of carbonate and nitrate ions inhibited 4-t-BP photodegradation, while chloride and bicarbonate ions enhanced the photodegradation of 4-t-BP. As for HA, its effect on the degradation of 4-t-BP was dependent on the concentration. A low concentration of HA (1 mg/L) promoted the degradation of 4-t-BP from 89.8% to 92.4% by mTiO-650, but higher concentrations of HA (5 mg/L and 10 mg/L) had a negative effect.
New Monoclonal Antibodies for a Selective Detection of Membrane-Associated and Soluble Forms of Carbonic Anhydrase IX in Human Cell Lines and Biological Samples (2019)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) selectively targeting tumor-associated antigens such as carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) can significantly contribute to research, diagnostics, and treatment of CA IX-related cancers. CA IX is overexpressed in numerous hypoxic cancers where it promotes tumor progression. Therefore, it is considered as a promising tumor biomarker. A novel collection of MAbs against recombinant CA IX was developed and evaluated in different immunoassays for studying CA IX expression. The reactivity of MAbs with native cell surface protein was confirmed by flow cytometry and the presence of hypoxia-inducible CA IX was investigated in several human cancer cell lines. In addition, the applicability of MAbs for visualization of CA IX-positive tumor cells by immunofluorescence microscopy was demonstrated. MAb H7 was identified as the most promising MAb for different immunoassays. It recognized a linear epitope covering CA IX sequence of 12 amino acid residues 55-GEDDPLGEEDLP-66 within the proteoglycan domain. The MAb H7 was the only one of the collection to immunoprecipitate CA IX protein from cell lysates and detect the denatured CA IX with near-infrared fluorescence Western blot. It was also employed in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect a soluble form of CA IX in growth medium of tumor cells and blood plasma samples. The diagnostic potential of the MAb H7 was confirmed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimen of cervical carcinoma in situ by immunohistochemistry. The generated MAbs, in particularly clone H7, have great potential in diagnostics and research of CA IX-related cancers.
ChemInform Abstract: NUTZBARMACHUNG VON PROTOPIN UND VERWANDTEN ALKALOIDEN 5. MITT. DAS ADDUKT AUS DEM PHOTOPRODUKT VON ANHYDROMETHYLBERBERIN UND ACETYLENDICARBONSAEUREDIMETHYLESTER (1971)

Abstract UV‐Bestrahlung von Anhydromethylberberin (I) in Gegenwart von Acetylendicarbonsäuredimethylester (II) liefert das Addukt (III), dessen Reduktion mit LiAlH 4 zunächst zu (IV) und weiter zu (V) führt.
The dynamic network of IS30 transposition pathways (2022)

The E. coli element IS30 has adopted the copy-out-paste-in transposition mechanism that is prevalent in a number of IS-families. As an initial step, IS30 forms free circular transposition intermediates like IS minicircles or tandem IS-dimers by joining the inverted repeats of a single element or two, sometimes distantly positioned IS copies, respectively. Then, the active IR-IR junction of these intermediates reacts with the target DNA, which generates insertions, deletions, inversions or cointegrates. The element shows dual target specificity as it can insert into hot spot sequences or next to its inverted repeats. In this study the pathways of rearrangements of transposition-derived cointegrate-like structures were examined. The results showed that the probability of further rearrangements in these structures depends on whether the IS elements are flanked by hot spot sequences or take part in an IR-IR junction. The variability of the deriving products increases with the number of simultaneously available IRs and IR-IR joints in the cointegrates or the chromosome. Under certain conditions, the parental structures whose transposition formed the cointegrates are restored and persist among the rearranged products. Based on these findings, a novel dynamic model has been proposed for IS30, which possibly fits to other elements that have adopted the same transposition mechanism. The model integrates the known transposition pathways and the downstream rearrangements occurring after the formation of different cointegrate-like structures into a complex network. Important feature of this network is the presence of "feedback loops" and reversible transposition rearrangements that can explain how IS30 generates variability and preserves the original genetic constitution in the bacterial population, which contributes to the adaptability and evolution of host bacteria.
CRY2 Is Associated with Depression (2010)

Background: Abnormalities in the circadian clockwork often characterize patients with major depressive and bipolar disorders. Circadian clock genes are targets of interest in these patients. CRY2 is a circadian gene that participates in regulation of the evening oscillator. This is of interest in mood disorders where a lack of switch from evening to morning oscillators has been postulated. Principal Findings: We observed a marked diurnal variation in human CRY2 mRNA levels from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and a significant up-regulation (P = 0.020) following one-night total sleep deprivation, a known antidepressant. In depressed bipolar patients, levels of CRY2 mRNA were decreased (P = 0.029) and a complete lack of increase was observed following sleep deprivation. To investigate a possible genetic contribution, we undertook SNP genotyping of the CRY2 gene in two independent population-based samples from Sweden (118 cases and 1011 controls) and Finland (86 cases and 1096 controls). The CRY2 gene was significantly associated with winter depression in both
Weiller Raymond. Les médailles dans l'histoire du pays de Luxembourg. 3. (2000)

Popoff Michel. Weiller Raymond. Les médailles dans l'histoire du pays de Luxembourg. 3.. In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 155, année 2000 p. 364.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐D‐Mannose Containing Oligosaccharides (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The SARS-CoV-2 conserved macrodomain is a mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolase (2020)

SARS-CoV-2 has recently emerged into the human population and has led to a worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 that has caused greater than 900 thousand deaths worldwide. With, no currently approved treatments, novel therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. All coronaviruses encode for a highly conserved macrodomain (Mac1) that binds to and removes ADP-ribose adducts from proteins in a dynamic post-translational process increasingly recognized as an important factor that regulates viral infection. The macrodomain is essential for CoV pathogenesis and may be a novel therapeutic target. Thus, understanding its biochemistry and enzyme activity are critical first steps for these efforts. Here we report the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 Mac1 in complex with ADP-ribose, and describe its ADP-ribose binding and hydrolysis activities in direct comparison to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV Mac1 proteins. These results are an important first step for the design and testing of potential therapies targeting this unique protein domain.
Cbln1 Regulates Rapid Formation and Maintenance of Excitatory Synapses in Mature Cerebellar Purkinje Cells In Vitro and In Vivo (2008)

Although many synapse-organizing molecules have been identified in vitro, their functions in mature neurons in vivo have been mostly unexplored. Cbln1, which belongs to the C1q/tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is the most recently identified protein involved in synapse formation in the mammalian CNS. In the cerebellum, Cbln1 is predominantly produced and secreted from granule cells; cbln1-null mice show ataxia and a severe reduction in the number of synapses between Purkinje cells and parallel fibers (PFs), the axon bundle of granule cells. Here, we show that application of recombinant Cbln1 specifically and reversibly induced PF synapse formation in dissociated cbln1-null Purkinje cells in culture. Cbln1 also rapidly induced electrophysiologically functional and ultrastructurally normal PF synapses in acutely prepared cbln1-null cerebellar slices. Furthermore, a single injection of recombinant Cbln1 rescued severe ataxia in adult cbln1-null mice in vivo by completely, but transiently, restoring PF synapses. Therefore, Cbln1 is a unique synapse organizer that is required not only for the normal development of PF-Purkinje cell synapses but also for their maintenance in the mature cerebellum both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, our results indicate that Cbln1 can also rapidly organize new synapses in adult cerebellum, implying its therapeutic potential for cerebellar ataxic disorders.
Cosmic-ray multi-error immunity for SRAM, based on analysis of the parasitic bipolar effect (2003)

This paper describes an investigation of cosmic-ray-induced multi-cell error (MCE) behavior in SRAMs through device- and circuit-level simulation methods developed on the basis that a parasitic bipolar effect is responsible for such errors. The first demonstration that the maximum number of cell errors per cosmic-ray strike depends on the number of cells between well contacts (Nc) is presented. The results are applied in an error checking and correction (ECC) design guideline for the handling of cosmic-ray-induced multi-cell errors. A new architecture is proposed, in which matching of addresses to memory cells is consideration of the Nc. This architecture reduced soft error rate (SER) for an SRAM fabricated by using 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology by 88%.
Fusion of Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen-1-Derived Glycine–Alanine Repeat to Trans-Dominant HIV-1 Gag Increases Inhibitory Activities and Survival of Transduced Cells In Vivo (2008)

Trans-dominant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag derivatives have been shown to efficiently inhibit late steps of HIV-1 replication in vitro by interfering with Gag precursor assembly, thus ranking among the interesting candidates for gene therapy approaches. However, efficient antiviral activities of corresponding transgenes are likely to be counteracted in particular by cell-mediated host immune responses toward the transgene-expressing cells. To decrease this potential immunogenicity, a 24-amino acid Gly-Ala (GA) stretch derived from Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) and known to overcome proteasomal degradation was fused to a trans-dominant Gag variant (sgD1). To determine the capacity of this fusion polypeptide to repress viral replication, PM-1 cells were transduced with sgD1 and GAsgD1 transgenes, using retroviral gene transfer. Challenge of stably transfected permissive cell lines with various viral strains indicated that N-terminal GA fusion even enhanced the inhibitory properties of sgD1. Further studies revealed that the GA stretch increased protein stability by blocking proteasomal degradation of Gag proteins. Immunization of BALB/c mice with a DNA vaccine vector expressing sgD1 induced substantial Gag-specific immune responses that were, however, clearly diminished in the presence of GA. Furthermore, recognition of cells expressing the GA-fused transgene by CD8(+) T cells was drastically reduced, both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in prolonged survival of the transduced cells in recipient mice.
Pathogenesis and Treatment of HIV Infection: The Cellular, the Immune System and the Neuroendocrine Systems Perspective (2013)

Infections with HIV represent a great challenge for the development of strategies for an effective cure. The spectrum of diseases associated with HIV ranges from opportunistic infections and cancers to systemic physiological disorders like encephalopathy and neurocognitive impairment. A major progress in controlling HIV infection has been achieved by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, HAART does neither eliminate the virus reservoirs in form of latently infected cells nor does it completely reconstitute immune reactivity and physiological status. Furthermore, the failure of the STEP vaccine trial and the only marginal efficacies of the RV144 trial together suggest that the causal relationships between the complex sets of viral and immunological processes that contribute to protection or disease pathogenesis are still poorly understood. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of HIV-host interactions at the cellular, the immune system and the neuroendocrine systems level. Only by integrating this multi-level knowledge one will be able to handle the systems complexity and develop new methodologies of analysis and prediction for a functional restoration of the immune system and the health of the infected host.
Effect of Netropsin on One‐electron Oxidation of Duplex DNA¶† (2004)

Abstract The effect of netropsin on the oxidative reactions of duplex DNA was examined. One‐electron oxidation of DNA creates a radical cation that migrates through duplex DNA and reacts primarily at GG steps. Netropsin is a dication that specifically binds primarily by hydrogen bonding in the minor groove at sites that have four or more contiguous A‐T base pairs. We showed that the oxidation potential of netropsin is less than that of any of the four nucleobases. We find that netropsin quenches the oxidative reactions of DNA independent of whether it is specifically bound. Within the Perrin model of static quenching, a netropsin within a rather large fixed volume around the DNA is an effective quencher.
Sozialtourismus und Kultur (1972)

Wenn man in Urlaubszeiten die Massenströme der Touristen in erholsame Bergdörfer, an die europäischen und aussereuropäischen Rivieren, auf der Schiene, im Auto, im Autobus und in der Luft von Jahr zu Jahr stärker werden sieht, wird oft die Frage in den Vordergrund gespielt, oh es sich dabei nur noch um unüberlegte, sinnlose Massenvergnügungen handelt oder, wie andere meinen, ausschliesslich das touristische Massengeschäft absolviert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Compounds of the Group 13 Elements B, Al, Ga, In, Tl (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantitative Analysis of Mevinolinic Acid in Human Plasma by High‐performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Negative‐ion Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry (1997)

Mevinolinic acid (MVA), the major active metabolite of Lovastatin in human blood, is analysed by microbore high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Quantification is carried out by using methylmevinolinic acid (MMVA) as internal standard. Positive- and negative-ion mass spectra of these compounds are shown. Because of the higher sensitivity obtainable, the negative-ion mode is selected for the analysis. Solid-phase extraction cartridges are used off-line to prepurify and concentrate the sample and a microbore (1 × 100 mm) reversed-phase column is used for chromatography. Tandem mass spectrometry is carried out in the precursor-ion mode using a selected-reaction monitoring procedure. The [M–H]− precursor ions for MVA and MMVA are selected in the first quadrupole analyser and the second analyser is focused on the common product ion at m/z 319. Detection and quantification limits are ca. 50 pg/mL and ca. 200 pg/mL respectively. An example of the application of the method to the routine analysis of samples from a bioequivalence study is also shown. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multivendor multiservice local network based on wavelength-division multiplexing and subcarrier multiplexing (2002)

A novel optical network based on wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) and subcarrier-multiplexing (SCM) technologies is proposed that allows support of multiple service vendors on a common distribution infrastructure. At the central office, wavelengths lambda /sub 1/ to lambda /sub 8/, which carry switched information streams to eight separate subscribers, are multiplexed optically onto one optical fiber. Another eight distinct wavelengths, lambda /sub 9/ to lambda /sub 16/, are used to carry the broadcast video channels of eight video vendors to the subscribers. The signals on the eight video wavelengths are combined and split 128 ways using all 8*128 asymmetric star coupler. Each of the 128 outputs is associated with a set of eight subscribers, and each output is combined with the output of an associated WDM device through a coupler. Thus, each video source supports a total of 128*8=1024 subscribers. An optical amplifier is used to boost the combined signals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Two-dimensional lattice of blue-detuned atom traps using a projected Gaussian beam array (2013)

We describe a blue-detuned optical lattice for atom trapping which is intrinsically two-dimensional, while providing three-dimensional atom localization. The lattice is insensitive to optical phase fluctuations since it does not depend on field interference between distinct optical beams. The array is created using an arrangement of weakly overlapping Gaussian beams that creates a two-dimensional array of dark traps which are suitable for magic trapping of ground and Rydberg states. We analyze the spatial localization that can be achieved and demonstrate trapping and detection of single Cs atoms in 6- and 49-site two-dimensional arrays.
Passive Scalar Function Approximation Using SOS Polynomials (2022)

Signal and power integrity design in the time domain requires equivalent circuit models for interconnects and packages, whose descriptions may only be available as tabulated impedance or admittance parameters. Accurate models for these components should maintain their physical properties including causality, stability, and passivity. Even though a heuristic approach, pole flipping (i.e., changing the sign of the real part of an unstable pole) has proven to be sufficiently accurate for many applications, resulting in models with ensured causality and stability. In this article, we address the problem of generating passive scalar models, such as driving point impedances or admittances, based on an existing causal, stable, but nonpassive model. Our approach is based on using sum-of-squares (SOS) polynomials and results in a convex optimization problem, hence a global optimum is obtained. We obtain approximations through two distinct SOS algorithms: a coefficient and a sampling-based method. We also present a simple passivity test for such functions based on calculating the roots of numerator and denominator polynomials, which provides an intuitive link among existing approaches based on solving an eigenvalue problem.
Further investigations on Bernard-Soulier platelet abnormalities. (1981)

Platelets from patients with the BSS make an interesting model for the study of 5-HT uptake, with their abnormal morphology including a defect in the plasma membrane GP I sialoglycoproteins (GP lb and glycocalicin), increased density in relation to an increased DB content, and increased size as a result of an abnormal shape change. The "apparent" kinetics of 5-HT incorporation by BSS platelets as measured with [3H]5-HT (0.2 to 2 micro M) were greatly modified: the VM was increased, but a high KM was needed. With a 5-HT concentration corresponding to the control platelet KM, twice as much 5-HT storage was taken up by BSS platelets as by normal platelets. The BSS platelets capacity for 5-HT storage as measure with [14C]5-HT (3 to 54 micro M) was increased up to to fivefold but normally inhibited b reserpine. The metabolism of platelet 5-HT was neither more rapid nor increased. The results, which further define the BSS platelet abnormalities, strongly suggest (1) a modification of the 5-HT transport process at the plasma membrane level and (2) an increased capacity of the platelets to accumulate 5-HT due to the increased DB content that parallels the increased platelet size. The possible relation between these two phenomena is discussed.