gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blocking HER-2/HER-3 function with a dominant negative form of HER-3 in cells stimulated by heregulin and in breast cancer cells with HER-2 gene amplification. (2000)

Amplification and overexpression of the HER-2 (neu/ erbB-2) gene in human breast cancer are clearly important events that lead to the transformation of mammary epithelial cells in approximately one-third of breast cancer patients. Heterodimer interactions between HER-2 and HER-3 (erbB-3) are activated by neu differentiation factor/heregulin (HRG), and HER-2/HER-3 heterodimers are constitutively activated in breast cancer cells with HER-2 gene amplification. This indicates that inhibition of HER-2/HER-3 heterodimer function may be an especially effective and unique strategy for blocking the HER-2-mediated transformation of breast cancer cells. Therefore, we constructed a bicistronic retroviral expression vector (pCMV-dn3) containing a dominant negative form of HER-3 in which most of the cytoplasmic domain was removed for introduction into cells. By using a bicistronic retroviral vector in which the antibiotic resistance gene and the gene of interest are driven by a single promoter, we attained 100% coordinate coexpression of antibiotic resistance with the gene of interest in target cell populations. Breast carcinoma cells with HER-2 gene amplification (21 MT-1 cells) and normal mammary epithelial cells without HER-2 gene amplification from the same patient (H16N-2 cells) were infected with pCMV-dn3 and assessed for HER-2/ HER-3 receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, p85PI 3-kinase and SHC protein activation, growth factor-dependent and -independent proliferation, and transformed growth in culture. Dominant negative HER-3 inhibited the HRG-induced activation of HER-2/HER-3 and signaling in H16N-2 and 21 MT-1 cells as well as the constitutive activation of HER-2/HER-3 and signaling in 21 MT-1 cells. Responses to exogenous HRG were strongly inhibited by dominant negative HER-3. In contrast, the proliferation of cells stimulated by epidermal growth factor was not apparently affected by dominant negative HER-3. The growth factor-independent proliferation and transformed growth of 21 MT-1 cells were also strongly inhibited by dominant negative HER-3 in anchorage-dependent and independent growth assays in culture. Furthermore, the HRG-induced or growth factor-independent proliferation of 21 MT-1 cells was inhibited by dominant negative HER-3, whereas the epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation of these cells was not: this indicates that dominant negative HER-3 preferentially inhibits proliferation induced by HER-2/HER-3.
Abstract A17: Molecular and clinicopathological features of native Nigerian colorectal cancer (2017)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) needs no introduction in Africa; once a rare cancer type, it is now the 3rd or 4th most common cancer. However, there are significant differences in the incidence rates, tumor biology, and clinical behavior in comparison to other populations. While the total incidence rates are about one-tenth of those in the developed world, Nigerian CRC occurs at a younger age and rapidly metastasizes. Molecular pathology and genetics of African CRC have not been comprehensively studied. In addition to better understanding of the biology of African CRC, analysis of genetic and molecular biomarkers, including microsatellite instability (MSI), is aimed at improving CRC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in Africa. We obtained 83 CRC paraffin-embedded blocks from the University of Ibadan and private pathology laboratories in Ibadan collected in the period from 2007 to 2014. Median age of the cases was 56±14.6 years with equal number of males and females. More than 60% of the patients had stage III and IV CRC. The majority were adenocarcinomas (76%) with a relatively high prevalence of mucinous adenocarcinoma (10%) and signet ring carcinoma (4%). Of all patients, 66% had rectal cancer. Poorly differentiated tumors were observed in 34% of all cases. We found a high prevalence of MSI CRC (43%, 15/35) in the tested Nigerian samples. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological features, including tumor location, between MSI and microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. Our results are in line with our previous report that found a high prevalence (41%) of MSI CRC in Ghanaian patients. These findings raise important questions about the role of genetic and environmental factors in CRC development in West Africa. Citation Format: David O. Irabor, Marilena Melas, Stephen B. Gruber, Chanjuan Shi, Leon Raskin. Molecular and clinicopathological features of native Nigerian colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; 2017 Jan 18-22; Cape Town, South Africa. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(22 Suppl):Abstract nr A17.
GNRFET-Based DC-DC Converters for Low Power Data Management in ULSI System, a Feasibility Study (2021)

Low power data management is an approach that distribute the supply power on the various modules in the chip, following certain algorithms such as dynamic voltage sharing (DVS), single input multiple data (SIMD) among others with a coil-less circuit design. The key factors for reducing the power and enhancing the efficiency is attributed to the lower feeding power supply, high device mobility for low power consumption, the device size, and the architecture used in the design. Graphene Nano Ribbon Field Effect Transistors (GNRFET) based Buck and Boost converters were designed for single input/multiple outputs conversion. The design features very high efficiency that exceeds 90% at very high frequencies. The input was 0.7V with outputs of 0.35V and 1.4V for buck and boost converters respectively. The design gains from the high mobility feature of the nano scale GNRFET devices, and the low supply power applied to the various modules in the chip. A 10nm scale channel device with 4 ribbons were considered, and the switch capacitor (SC) approach was utilized. The study of the transient analysis, the static power, dynamic power, and ripple voltages at different design constraints were investigated versus the conversion parameters including the frequency, load, and duty cycles. The efficiency at a high load was estimated to be near 97%, while at low load and lower switching frequencies, the efficiency was estimated to be near 85%.
Commentary (Sahebi/Forman): The Role of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (2005)

Drs. Thompson and Luger have written a thoughtful and comprehensive review of the therapeutic options and issues facing physicians caring for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In our commentary, we would like to highlight and expand on several areas of their analysis.
Abituzumab Targeting of αV-Class Integrins Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression (2017)

Integrins that contain an integrin αV subunit contribute to multiple functions that promote cancer progression. The goal of this study was to determine whether abituzumab (DI17E6, EMD 525797), a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) against integrin αV impacts, prostate cancer progression. To evaluate this, prostate cancer cells were treated with DI17E6 and its effects on proliferation, apoptosis, cell-cycle, adhesion, detachment, migration, invasion and phosphorylation of downstream targets, including FAK, Akt, and ERK, were determined. DI17E6 promoted detachment and inhibited adhesion of prostate cancer cells to several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and cells found in the bone microenvironment but had no impact on cell viability, cell-cycle, and caspase-3/7 activity. DI17E6 inhibited migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. In addition, DI7E6 decreased phosphorylation of FAK, Akt, and ERK. These results indicate that inhibition of integrin αV with DI17E6 inhibits several prometastatic phenotypes of prostate cancer cells and therefore provide a rationale for further evaluation of DI17E6 for diminishing prostate cancer progression.<b>Implications:</b> This work identifies that therapeutic targeting of integrins containing an αV integrin unit inhibits cancer progression and thus may be of clinical benefit. <i>Mol Cancer Res; 15(7); 875-83. ©2017 AACR</i>.
High-Throughput Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Screening (1999)

A high-throughput screening strategy is described that involves the acquisition of two-dimensional 15N/1H correlation spectra in less than 10 min on 50 microM protein samples using cryogenic NMR probe technology. By screening at these concentrations, small organic molecules can be tested in mixtures of 100, which dramatically increases the throughput of the NMR-based assay. Using this strategy, libraries of more than 200 000 compounds can be tested in less than 1 month. There are many advantages of high-throughput NMR-based screening compared to conventional assays, such as the ability to identify high-affinity ligands for protein targets with no known function. This suggests that the method will be extremely useful for screening the large number of targets derived from genomics research.
Time-of-Flight Sensors in Computer Graphics (2009)

A growing number of applications depend on accurate and fast 3D scene analysis. Examples are model and lightfield acquisition, collision prevention, mixed reality, and gesture recognition. The estimation of a range map by image analysis or laser scan techniques is still a time-consuming and expensive part of such systems. A lower-priced, fast and robust alternative for distance measurements are Time-of-Flight (ToF) cameras. Recently, significant improvements have been made in order to achieve low-cost and compact ToF-devices, that have the potential to revolutionize many fields of research, including Computer Graphics, Computer Vision and Man Machine Interaction (MMI). These technologies are starting to have an impact on research and commercial applications. The upcoming generation of ToF sensors, however, will be even more powerful and will have the potential to become "ubiquitous real-time geometry devices" for gaming, web-conferencing, and numerous other applications. This STAR gives an account of recent developments in ToF-technology and discusses the current state of the integration of this technology into various graphics-related applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver Triflate‐Catalyzed Synthesis of γ‐Lactones from Fatty Acids. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
6B-1 Complex Coefficient SAW Filters for Double Quadrature Down-Converter (2006)

This paper presents a newly developed complex coefficient surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter for a double quadrature down-converter, to achieve a high image rejection ratio in a low-IF topology. We realize the function of the complex coefficient filter, by using SAW transversal filter techniques. The complex coefficient SAW filter has stable characteristics for the amplitude and phase errors, due to its high accuracy of the pattern. Moreover, the SAW filter has band-pass characteristics so that the unwanted signals out of the system band can be suppressed. We demonstrate 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz complex coefficient SAW filters on 128degY-X LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , to show the basic performance. The fabricated complex coefficient SAW filter consists of two tracks corresponding to the I- and Q-channels, with slanted transducers. They had excellent characteristics such as an amplitude error below plusmn0.3 dB and a phase error below plusmn2deg in the pass-band. They correspond to an excellent image rejection ratio of more than 35 dB
Electrotherapy of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain (1986)

This study compared two ways of treating chronic muculoskeletal pain, using randomized assignment of 131 patients to one of two electrotherapy methods: electroacupuncture or acupuncture-like TFNS. For the latter a new device called Codetron (Trademark of FHM) was used which had many features to ensure strong and unhahituated stimulation. For both methods, frequencies of 4 Hz and 200 Hz were used to optimize release of endorphins and serotonin. Initial outcomes were evaluated using visual analogue scales for pain relief and activity improvements. The “initial” outcomes during treatment weeks were not significantly different for both electrotherapy methods. Follow-up data were obtained by telephone 4 to 8 months after cessation of therapy: these were significantly better for Codetron than for eleetroaeupuncture but we must remain cautious about telephone interviews.
DETECTION OF POSTTRAUMATIC CARTILAGE INJURY USING QUANTITATIVE T1RHO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (2006)

Lozano, Jesus BS; Li, Xiaojuan PhD; Link, Thomas M. MD; Safran, Marc MD; Majumdar, Sharmila PhD; Ma, C. Benjamin MD Author Information
Microbial Population of Feedlot Waste and Associated Sites (1972)

A quantitative determination was made every 2 months for a year of the microflora of beef cattle waste and runoff at a medium-sized midwestern feedlot. Counts were obtained for selected groups of organisms in waste taken from paved areas of pens cleaned daily and, therefore, reflect the flora of raw waste. Overall, in terms of viable count per gram dry weight, the feedlot waste contained 10 10 total organisms, 10 9 anaerobes, 10 8 gram-negative bacteria, 10 7 coliforms, 10 6 sporeformers, and 10 5 yeasts, fungi, and streptomycetes. The specific numbers and pattern of these groups of organisms varied only slightly during the study in spite of a wide variation in weather. Data indicate that little microbial growth occurs in the waste as it exists in the feedlot. Runoff from the pens contained the same general population pattern but with greater variation attributable to volume of liquid. Comparable determinations of an associated field disposal area (before and after cropping), stockpiled waste, and elevated dirt areas in the pens indicate that fungi, and especially streptomycetes, are the aerobic organisms most associated with final stabilization of the waste. Yeasts, which are the dominant type of organism in the ensiled corn fed the cattle, do not occur in large numbers in the animal waste. Large ditches receiving runoff and subsurface water from the fields have a population similar to the runoff but with fewer coliforms.
Greenhouse gas reporting data improves understanding of regional climate impact on landfill methane production and collection (2021)

A critical examination of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA's) Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) database provided an opportunity for the largest evaluation to date of landfilled waste decomposition kinetics with respect to different US climate regimes. In this paper, 5-8 years of annual methane collection data from 114 closed landfills located in 29 states were used to estimate site-specific waste decay rates (k) and methane collection potentials (Lc). These sites account for approximately 9% of all landfills required to report GHG emissions to the US EPA annually. The mean methane collection potential (Lc) for the sites located in regions with less than 635 mm (25 in) annual rainfall was significantly (p<0.002) lower than the mean methane collection potential of the sites located in regions with more than 635 mm (25 in) annual precipitation (49 and 73 m3 methane Mg-1 waste, respectively). This finding suggests that a fraction of the in-place biodegradable waste may not be decomposing, potentially due to a lack of adequate moisture content of landfills located in arid regions. The results of this evaluation offer insight that challenges assumptions of the traditional landfill methane estimation approach, especially in arid climates, that all methane corresponding to the total methane generation potential of the buried solid waste will be produced. Decay rates showed a significant correlation with annual precipitation, with an average k of 0.043 year-1 for arid regions (< 508 mm (20 in) year-1), 0.074 year-1 for regions with 508-1,016 mm (20-40 in) annual precipitation, and 0.09 year-1 in wet regions (> 1,016 mm (40 in) year-1). The data suggest that waste is decaying faster than the model default values, which in turn suggests that a larger fraction of methane is produced during a landfill's operating life (relative to post-closure).
Exploring the effect of material and geometric coupling on friction and energy dissipation in rough contacts of soft coatings (2020)

We study the frictional behavior of both elastic and viscoelastic thin coatings in sliding rough contact in the presence of Coulomb friction at the interface, exploring the effect of the coupling between the normal and tangential displacement fields arising from the finiteness of the material thickness. We found that due to this so called geometric coupling asymmetric contacts and consequently keying friction are observed even for purely elastic contacts, indeed associated with zero bulk energy dissipation. Furthermore, enhanced keying friction is reported in the case of viscoelastic coatings compared to uncoupled contacts, this time entailing larger bulk energy dissipation. Geometric coupling also introduces additional interactions involving the larger scales in terms of normal displacements, which leads to a significant increase of the contact area, under given normal load, compared to the uncoupled case. These results show that, in the case of contact interfaces involving thin deformable coating bonded to significantly stiffer substrate, the effect of interfacial shear stresses cannot be neglected.
Rational design of a water-soluble NIR AIEgen, and its application in ultrafast wash-free cellular imaging and photodynamic cancer cell ablation (2018)

The synthesis of water-soluble near-infrared (NIR)-emissive fluorescent molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and theranostic functions is highly desirable but remains challenging. In this work, we designed and readily prepared for the first time such a molecule with AIE features, good water-solubility and intense emission in the NIR region. This AIE luminogen (AIEgen) is able to specifically "light up" the cell membrane without the involvement of a washing procedure. Interestingly, the staining process can be performed by simply shaking the culture with cells at room temperature for only a few seconds after the addition of the AIEgen, indicating an ultrafast and easy-to-operate staining protocol. This is the first fluorescent "light-up" probe for cell-imaging that allows the combination of a short staining period (at the second-level) with a wash-free process. Additionally, the presented AIEgen has also been developed to serve as an excellent phototherapeutic agent for high efficiency generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon visible light irradiation, which allows its effective application in the photodynamic ablation of cancer cells, demonstrating its dual role as an imaging and phototherapeutic agent.
Plagas y enfermedades de las plantas cultivadas (1993)

Clasificacion hongos, pag. 12, tipos de parasitos: Fanerogamas, hongos y bacterias. Clasificacion parasitos animales vertebrados, artropodos y moluscos. Pulverizadores, espolvoreadores, nebulizadores, fumigacion, langosta, grillo, thrips, pulgones, oidio, mildiu, golpe de sol
Feeling-based location privacy protection for location-based services (2009)

Anonymous location information may be correlated with restricted spaces such as home and office for subject re-identification. This makes it a great challenge to provide location privacy protection for users of location-based services. Existing work adopts traditional K-anonymity model and ensures that each location disclosed in service requests is a spatial region that has been visited by at least K users. This strategy requires a user to specify an appropriate value of K in order to achieve a desired level of privacy protection. This is problematic because privacy is about feeling, and it is awkward for one to scale her feeling using a number. In this paper, we propose a feeling-based privacy model. The model allows a user to express her privacy requirement by specifying a public region, which the user would feel comfortable if the region is reported as her location. The popularity of the public region, measured using entropy based on its visitors' footprints inside it, is then used as the user's desired level of privacy protection. With this model in place, we present a novel technique that allows a user's location information to be reported as accurate as possible while providing her sufficient location privacy protection. The new technique supports trajectory cloaking and can be used in application scenarios where a user needs to make frequent location updates along a trajectory that cannot be predicted. In addition to evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed technique under various conditions through simulation, we have also implemented an experimental system for location privacy-aware uses of location-based services.
Lineage-restricted clonality in biphasic solid tumors. (1991)

Cytogenetic analysis of two pulmonary chondroid hamartomas and nine breast adenofibromas revealed clonal chromosome aberrations in both hamartomas and in four breast tumors. To determine lineage of the cells with chromosome aberrations, a combined immunohistochemical/cytogenetic approach was developed that enabled simultaneous ascertainment of cytogenetic aberrations and immunohistochemical features in individual cells. Immunohistochemical/cytogenetic evaluation of one hamartoma and two adenofibromas demonstrated that neoplastic proliferation, in each case, was confined to the mesenchymal (stromal) component, whereas epithelial cells appeared to be reactive. Cytogenetically abnormal short-term cultures of the remaining hamartoma and another of the breast adenofibromas were composed entirely of mesenchymal elements, indicating mesenchymal clonality in those tumors as well. Our findings support redesignation of pulmonary chondroid hamartomas as 'pulmonary chondromas' and suggest that carcinomas developing within fibroadenomas arise from reactive epithelial proliferation. Combined immunohistochemical/cytogenetic analysis might be useful in the development of novel therapeutic approaches that selectively target neoplastic populations within solid tumors.
Next generation fine pitch Cu Pillar technology &#x2014; Enabling next generation silicon nodes (2011)

There has been a growing need for fine pitch flip chip technology in support of next generation communication devices with increasing die complexities. The increase in functionality which drives a larger number of signal I/O's in combination with small die size requirements as a result of transistor size reductions have driven the need to investigate finer die interconnect pitches. Traditional solder or Cu Pillar interconnect pitches of 150um to 200um that are currently used in both low and high end flip chip applications are now facing a number of technical limitations as device scaling requirements push the limits of flip chip pad density per square mm of silicon. This paper will review the process development and advancement of several next generation fine pitch Cu Pillar bumping and assembly processes, with pitches less than 60um, that are focused on addressing the challenges seen on silicon nodes such as 65nm and beyond.
Reproducibility and discriminating ability of fluorine-18-6-fluoro-L-Dopa PET in Parkinson's disease. (1996)

These results permit selection of the best method of analysis for studies of nigrostriatal dopaminergic function.