gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning of Proopiomelanocortin from the Brain of the African Lungfish, <i>Protopterus annectens</i>, and the Brain of the Western Spadefoot Toad, <i>Spea multiplicatus</i> (1999)

A degenerate primer, specific for the opioid core sequence YGGFM, was used to clone and sequence proopiomelanocortin (POMC) cDNAs from the brain of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens, and from the brain of the western spadefoot toad, Spea multiplicatus. In addition, the opioid-specific primer was used to clone and sequence a 3'RACE product corresponding to a portion of the open reading frame of S. multiplicatus proenkephalin. For both species, cDNA was made from a single brain and a degenerate opioid-specific primer provided a reliable probe for detecting opioid-related cDNAs. The African lungfish POMC cDNA was 1,168 nucleotides in length, and contained regions that are similar to tetrapod POMCs and fish POMCs. The African lungfish POMC encodes a tetrapod-like gamma-MSH sequence that is flanked by sets of paired basic amino acid proteolytic cleavage sites. The gamma-MSH region in ray-finned fish POMCs either has degenerate cleavage sites or is totally absent in some species. However, the African lungfish gamma-MSH sequence does contain a deletion which has not been observed in tetrapod gamma-MSH sequences. The beta-endorphin region of lungfish POMC has the di-amino acid sequence tryptophan-aspartic acid in the N-terminal region and an additional glutamic acid residue in the C-terminal region of beta-endorphin - features found in fish beta-endorphin, but not tetrapod beta-endorphins. The western spadefoot toad POMC was 1,186 nucleotides in length, and exhibited an organizational scheme typical for tetrapod POMCs. However, the toad POMC did lack a paired basic amino acid proteolytic cleavage site N-terminal to the beta-MSH sequence. Thus, like rat POMC, it is doubtful that beta-MSH is an end product in either the toad brain or intermediate pituitary. At the amino acid level, the toad POMC had 76% sequence identity with Xenopus laevis POMC and 68% sequence identity with Rana ribidunda POMC. The use of these POMC sequences to assess phylogenetic relationships within anuran amphibians will be discussed. With respect to the fragment of S. multiplicatus proenkephalin cDNA, two metenkephalin sequences and the metenkephalin-RF sequence were found encoded in this fragment. As seen for X. laevis and R. ridibunda proenkephalin, a leuenkephalin sequence was not detected in the C-terminal region of the S. multiplicatus proenkephalin. The absence of a leuenkephalin sequence may be a common feature of anuran amphibian proenkephalins.
Robust Watertight Manifold Surface Generation Method for ShapeNet Models (2018)

In this paper, we describe a robust algorithm for 2-Manifold generation of various kinds of ShapeNet Models. The input of our pipeline is a triangle mesh, with a set of vertices and triangular faces. The output of our pipeline is a 2-Manifold with vertices roughly uniformly distributed on the geometry surface. Our algorithm uses an octree to represent the original mesh, and construct the surface by isosurface extraction. Finally, we project the vertices to the original mesh to achieve high precision. As a result, our method can be adopted efficiently to all ShapeNet models with the guarantee of correct 2-Manifold topology.
Effects of shear on proteins in solution (2010)

The effects of "shear" on proteins in solution are described and discussed. Research on this topic covers many decades, beginning with investigations of possible denaturation of enzymes during processing, whilst more recent concerns are how the quality of therapeutic proteins might be affected by shear or shear related effects. The paradigm that emerges from most studies is that shear in the fluid mechanical sense is unlikely by itself to damage most proteins and that interfacial phenomena are critically important. In particular, moving gas-liquid interfaces can be very deleterious. Aggregation of therapeutic proteins on nanoparticles shed from solid surfaces is a recent concern because of potential consequences on patient safety. It is clear that labeling such damage as "shear" is a mistake as this inhibits clear investigations of, and thinking about, the true causes of damage to proteins in solution during processing.
Integration of solid oxide fuel cells in cruise ship energy systems (2018)

The growing trend of the cruise ship industry, together with increasing concerns over its impact on the environment, makes these ships a much relevant target for the efforts toward increasing ship energy efficiency, thus ultimately reducing fuel consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants. In a context of rising discussions concerning the use of cleaner fuels such as LNG and methanol in shipping, fuel cells are expected to become an increasingly viable solution for onboard power generation. In particular, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) can offer high electrical efficiency, power density and reliability with the possibility of combined heat, hydrogen and power production, which make them suitable for energy-intensive applications with a diverse demand (e.g., cruise ships) by integrating other complementary technologies. In this paper, we investigate the potential for energy and emission savings in relation to the use of SOFCs on cruise ships. Given the limited ability of SOFCs to deal with fast load changes and start/stop cycles, the SOFCs are expected to tackle the baseload, while a combination of batteries and internal combustion engines are complementary for handling peak loads. The proposed system is tested and optimized for a case study of a cruise ship operating in the Baltic Sea. Based on reference operational profiles for heat and electricity demand, the design of the system is optimized. The system proves particularly performant, with an overall efficiency close to 70% and a potential lifetime economic performance in line with conventional systems powered by Diesel engines.
Synthesis of Functionalized Chromenes and Benzofurans from Aryloxy Propargyl Malonates (2013)

Abstract A series of aryloxy propargyl malonates was efficiently converted into various chromenes by a gold‐catalyzed cyclization/Brønsted acid catalyzed isomerization sequence, and the chromenes were subsequently converted into benzofurans by implementing an additional photochemical rearrangement. The photochemically induced ring contraction was proven to involve the intermediate formation of dienones.
VRML gets real the MPEG-4 way (1997)

Within the videoconferencing world, systems have existed for some time offering two way, and even multipoint, video, audio and data links. Further work on these systems is concentrated on attempts to convey more feeling of `presence&apos;, for example to provide eye contact or to represent participants in a shared virtual space. In the virtual reality community, particularly within the Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML) group, much work is in progress to define distributed virtual environments. These offer immersive environments, accessible through World Wide Web (WWW) browsers, where personal representations, or avatars, can move about and interact in 3D worlds, both with the world itself and with other avatars. The new VRML 2.0 specification, with Silicon Graphics Moving Worlds proposal, now enables much more dynamic and interactive environments; and software such as Dimension-X&apos;s Liquid Reality help produce the Java code needed to give avatars and other virtual entities realistically complex behaviour. The convergence of these technologies is now obvious, and desirable, and the upcoming MPEG-4 standards development will help precisely in this new domain. This paper details the current status of the MPEG-4 standard and discusses its possible application to the field of telepresence in shared virtual reality spaces. (4 pages)
Climate Change and the Sea: A Major Disruption in Steady State and the Master Variables (2023)

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, humans have burned enormous quantities of coal, oil, and natural gas, rivaling nature's elemental cycles of C, N, and S. The result has been a disruption in a steady state of CO<sub>2</sub> and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, a warming of the planet, and changes in master variables (temperature, pH, and pε) of the sea affecting critical physical, chemical, and biological reactions. Humans have also produced copious quantities of N and P fertilizers producing widespread coastal hypoxia and low dissolved oxygen conditions, which now threaten even the open ocean. Consequently, our massive alteration of state variables diminishes coral reefs, fisheries, and marine ecosystems, which are the foundation of life on Earth. We point to a myriad of actions and alternatives which will help to stem the tide of climate change and its effects on the sea while, at the same time, creating a more sustainable future for humans and ecosystems alike.
Ein Prototyp eines optisch reagierenden molekularen Schalters auf Pseudorotaxan‐Basis (1996)

Ein negativer allosterischer Effekt tritt in einem [2]Pseudorotaxan auf, das ein 1,5‐ Dioxynaphthalinderivat mit einer [18]Krone‐6‐Endgruppe enthält, wenn diese K + ‐ Ionen komplexiert. Dieser Effekt kann genutzt werden, um eine optische Reaktion hervorzurufen, die UV‐spektroskopisch verfolgt werden kann; das Prinzip ist unten schematisch gezeigt. magnified image
Biomolecular Interaction Analysis in Drug Discovery Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology (2006)

The review gives first an introduction into the basics of surface plasmon resonance technology. The physical principle is shortly discussed followed by a discussion of the experimental details to be considered when using this technology for biomolecular interaction analysis. Based on recent publications it is demonstrated that the technology has widespread applications in many fields of the drug discovery process. Protein/protein interactions can be monitored in real time when working with biopharmaceuticals as well as protein/small analyte interactions during hit finding, secondary screening, lead optimization and lead selection. Equilibrium binding constants, kinetic rate constants and thermodynamic parameters are obtained from such study that helps to understand the mechanism of the binding reactions. This information can be directly used to improve binding properties of a drug candidate.
Complications of cosmetic iris implants (2008)

Cosmetic intraocular iris implants for the purpose of changing iris color have recently been developed; however, little is known about their safety. We report a patient who had bilateral implantation of colored silicone iris implants solely for cosmetic reasons. The rapid development of uveitis, corneal decompensation, and ocular hypertension resulted in the need for explantation of the implants. Placement of these devices should require specific medical indications and meticulous surgery with early and long-term evaluation.
Functional Vision in the Real-World Environment With a Second-Generation (44-Channel) Suprachoroidal Retinal Prosthesis (2021)

Our suprachoroidal retinal prosthesis shows potential utility in everyday life, by enabling an increased environmental awareness and improving access to sensory information for people with end-stage RP.
Restoring wild type-like network dynamics and behaviour during adulthood in a mouse model of schizophrenia (2017)

ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is a severely debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder. Establishing a causal link between circuit dysfunction and particular behavioural traits relevant to schizophrenia is crucial to shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the pathology. Here we studied an animal model of the 22q11 deletion syndrome, which is the highest genetic risk to develop the pathology. We report a desynchronization of hippocampal neuronal assemblies that resulted from parvalbumin interneuron hypoexcitability. Rescuing parvalbumin interneuron excitability with pharmacological or chemogenetic approaches is sufficient to restore wild type-like network dynamics and behaviour during adulthood. In conclusion, our data provide mechanistic insights underlying network dysfunction relevant to schizophrenia and demonstrate the potential of reverse engineering in fostering new therapeutic strategies to alleviate the burden of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Heroin relapse requires long-term potentiation-like plasticity mediated by NMDA2b-containing receptors (2011)

Persistent relapse to addictive drugs constitutes the most challenging problem in addiction therapy, and is linked to impaired prefrontal cortex regulation of motivated behaviors involving the nucleus accumbens. Using a rat model of heroin addiction, we show that relapse requires long-term potentiation (LTP)-like increases in synaptic strength in the prefrontal cortex projection to the nucleus accumbens. The increased synaptic strength was paralleled by dendritic spine enlargement in accumbens spiny neurons and required up-regulated surface expression of NMDA2b-containing receptors (NR2B). Accordingly, blocking NR2B before reinstating heroin-seeking prevented the induction of LTP-like changes in spine remodeling and synaptic strength, and inhibited heroin relapse. These data show that LTP-like neuroplasticity in prefrontal-accumbens synapses is initiated by NR2B stimulation and strongly contributes to heroin relapse. Moreover, the data reveal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors as a previously unexplored therapeutic target for treating heroin addiction.
The Democratic Impulse and Social Justice (2008)

An inherent ambiguity lies at the heart of the debate on the social and cultural future of Europe. Both individuals and a multitude of ethnocultural groups increasingly interact within decentralised and diverse frameworks, while the political system which guarantees such autonomy is becoming evermore centralised within the supra-national structures of an expanding EU and its associated organisations. The traditional method of reducing ethnocultural diversity by closing or redrawing borders no longer applies, as the geography of bounded space gives way – at least in theory – to a geography of communication flows, and a new strategy for mutual coexistence demands the deterritorialisation of identity. The sad truth for many in Europe today, however, is that the direction and speed of this transition is precisely the point at issue. Although the most satisfactory method of ensuring cultural autonomy is to allow individuals to determine group membership for themselves, this dilutes the geographical concentration of ethnic groups and renders many of them vulnerable within a multicultural framework: ambiguity, tension and conflict are the inevitable consequences (Lijphart, 1995).KeywordsLanguage PolicyLiberal DemocracyLanguage PlanningNational MinorityParticipatory DemocracyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The crystal structure and magnetic properties of CuGeO3 (1994)

The crystal structure of CuGeO3, which has been reported to undergo a spin-Peierls transition at 14 K, is determined by neutron powder diffraction at 300, 20 and 4.2 K and the structure refined in the space group Pmma at all three temperatures, ie without displacement of the Cu atoms from a uniform one-dimensional chain; anisotropic broadening of (h0l) reflections, observed in all three data sets, is successfully modelled by an orthorhombic micro-strain along a and c, i.e. perpendicular to Cu–Cu chains. Below 10 K the magnetic susceptibility fits very well to the Bulaevskii model, indicating a ratio of 0.69 between the Cu–Cu exchange constants in the dimerised chain and a mean exchange constant of 88 K.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Phase I Trial of Intraperitoneal Administration of an Oncolytic Measles Virus Strain Engineered to Express Carcinoembryonic Antigen for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Phase I Trial of Intraperitoneal Administration of an Oncolytic Measles Virus Strain Engineered to Express Carcinoembryonic Antigen for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Ambulatory Assessment of Socio-Affective and Cognitive Aging: Zooming Into Daily Processes (2021)

Abstract Ambulatory assessment methods offer new possibilities to study cognitive, emotional, and social processes in the setting in which they naturally occur, namely in the daily life of individuals and couples. This allows to zoom into processes with great relevance for healthy aging and well-being over the lifespan. Research on daily psychological processes opens the door for investigating the interplay with contextual (daily stress, social resources) and stable factors (relationship quality status, accumulated discrimination) that are known to shape these dynamic processes. This symposium will present and discuss innovative contributions investigating daily emotional and cognitive functioning and their interplay with social and individual characteristics over the adult lifespan. The first study by Haas and colleagues will present experience sampling data on daily prospective memory performance in couples. Haas et al. will offer a dyadic perspective on cognitive functioning by examining how prospective memory performance is co-regulated in the daily lives of younger and older couples. Meier et al. will present another study from the same couples project; here the focus is on age differences in couples’ “we-ness” and its relationship with daily positive emotional experiences and how they are shared with the partner. The series of talks will be completed by Zavala et al. who examined associations between stress and emotional health in daily life and its interplay with prior discrimination experiences of an age-diverse sample of BIPOC adults. After these individual contributions, Christina Roecke will discuss the presented studies and provide her reflections on the results and their implications.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Impact of Swirl on the Performance of Industrial Gas Turbines Exhaust Diffusers (2003)

In order to investigate the effect of inlet conditions on the performance of an axial strutted annular exhaust diffuser, as used in heavy duty gas turbines, a scaled test-rig was built which allows the systematic variations of inlet conditions like inlet swirl, Mach number and turbulence level. This rig, which is of modular design, is used for the analysis of the flow-structures in typical GT-exhaust configurations and provides the performance data used in the diffuser design process. The present work shows the influence of inlet swirl and Mach number on the performance of a specific diffuser configuration. The first strut was designed for a certain flow angle distribution (so-called design conditions), and the measurements have been done for a range of inflow parameters including design and off-design conditions. The measurements allowed to reveal the impact of 3D effects on the diffuser characteristic. Comparison of measurements with correlations available from literature (annular diffuser configurations) show that the application of the latter is of limited use for the design of real GT diffusers, because standard correlations do not account for inlet swirl / struts interaction. The experimental data has been used to validate the numerical procedure developed by the authors for the analysis of axial GT exhaust diffusers. The results of computations are in reasonable agreement with measurements.
Effect of Probe Density and Hybridization Temperature on the Response of an Electrochemical Hairpin-DNA Sensor (2008)

Detection of specific sequences of target DNA is of high importance in many fields, especially in medicinal diagnostics. This study focuses on the response of an electrochemical, label-free DNA sensor at two different hybridization temperatures (37 and 44 degrees C). The stem-loop structured probes and the blocking polyethylene glycol molecules were self-assembled on the electrode through S-Au bonding, to form a mixed monolayer employed as the sensing platform. Impedance spectroscopy was used for investigation of the electron transfer processes at a modified gold electrode before and after hybridization with the target DNA. The sensor showed sensitive and selective detection of the target DNA at the lower temperature, whereas the higher temperature affected the dynamics of the hairpin significantly, reflected in an increased sensitivity of the sensor.
Inhibitory Activity and Proposed Binding Model of γ-Glutamyl Cysteine, the Precursor of Glutathione, on Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (2021)

Owing to their various physiological activities, thiol compounds, such as l-cysteine with UV-protection properties and captopril that inhibits the catalytic activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), are currently used as supplements and pharmaceuticals. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in intracellular protective effects and is currently used for the treatment of cataract and detoxification from metal poisoning. In contrast to GSH, the GSH precursor γ-glutamyl cysteine ​​(γ-EC) has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects, thus making it an attractive key biological protective molecule. However, its characteristics are largely unknown. Here, we evaluated the ACE inhibitory function of γ-EC and its mechanism by comparing it with that of GSH in vitro. ACE inhibitory analysis showed that the IC50 of GSH and γ-EC against ACE were 8.3 μM and 3.9 × 102 μM, respectively. These data suggested that γ-EC exerted ACE inhibitory activity, but it was weaker than that of GSH. Docking simulation showed that the ACE inhibitory activity of both compounds was due to the interaction of their carboxyl groups of Glu with Zn2+ in the active center of ACE. Moreover, GSH could fit more compactly in the pocket of ACE, forming more hydrogen bonds with the enzyme than γ-EC. By analyzing its kinetics and in vivo efficacy, we hope that γ-EC could be used as a promising compound for lowering blood pressure in applications with moderate activity, such as functional foods.
The second Austrian benchmark study for blood use in elective surgery: results and practice change (2014)

The second benchmark study demonstrates substantial intercenter variability and small but significant reductions in RBC transfusions and RBC loss. Even though the main independent predictors of transfusion were the relative lost RBC volume followed by the relative preoperative and the lowest relative postoperative hemoglobin, preoperative anemia was not adequately treated in many patients, underscoring the importance of patient blood management in these patients.
Cooperative Energy-Harvesting-Adaptive Mac Protocol For Wbans (2015)

In this paper, we introduce a cooperative medium access control (MAC) protocol, named cooperative energy harvesting (CEH)-MAC, that adapts its operation to the energy harvesting (EH) conditions in wireless body area networks (WBANs). In particular, the proposed protocol exploits the EH information in order to set an idle time that allows the relay nodes to charge their batteries and complete the cooperation phase successfully. Extensive simulations have shown that CEH-MAC significantly improves the network performance in terms of throughput, delay and energy efficiency compared to the cooperative operation of the baseline IEEE 802.15.6 standard.