gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
METU interoperable database system (1995)

METU INteroperable Database System (MIND) is a multidatabase system that aims at achieving interoperability among heterogeneous, federated DBMSs. MIND architecture if based on OMG distributed object management model. It is implemented on top of a CORBA compliant ORB, namely, ObjectBroker. MIND provides users a single ODMG-93 compliant common data model, and a single global query language based on SQL. This makes it possible to incorporate both relational and object oriented databases into the system. Currently Oracle 7, Sybase and METU OODBMS (MOOD) have been incorporated into MIND. The main components of MIND are a global query processor, a global transaction manager, a schema integrator, interfaces to supported database systems and a user graphical interface.In MIND all local databases are encapsulated in a generic database object with a well defined single interface. This approach hides the differences between local databases from the rest of the system. The integration of export schemas is currently performed manually by using an object definition language (ODL) which is based on OMG's interface definition language. The DBA builds the integrated schema as a view over export schemas. the functionalities of ODL allow selection and restructuring of schema elements from existing local schemas.MIND global query optimizer aims at maximizing the parallel execution of the intersite joins of the global subqueries. Through MIND global transaction manager, the serializable execution of the global transactions are provided.
External validation of clinical prediction models using big datasets from e-health records or IPD meta-analysis: opportunities and challenges (2016)

Access to big datasets from e-health records and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis is signalling a new advent of external validation studies for clinical prediction models. In this article, the authors illustrate novel opportunities for external validation in big, combined datasets, while drawing attention to methodological challenges and reporting issues.
HYDROLYSIS OF GENOTOXIC METHYL-SUBSTITUTED OXIRANES: EXPERIMENTAL KINETIC AND SEMIEMPIRICAL STUDIES (1998)

The kinetics of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of seven methylated aliphatic epoxides—R1R2C(O)CR3R4 (A: R1=R2=R3=R4=H; B: R1=R2=R3=H, R4=Me; C: R1=R2=H, R3=R4=Me; D: R1=R3=H, R2=R4=Me(trans); E: R1=R3=H, R2=R4=Me(cis); F: R1=R3=R4=Me, R2=H; G: R1=R2=R3=R4=Me)—has beens studied at 36 ± 1.5°C. Compounds with two methyl groups at the same carbon atom of the oxirane ring exhibit highest rate constants (keff in reciprocal molar concentration per second: 11.0 ± 1.3 for C, 10.7 ± 2.1 for F, and 8.7 ± 0.7 for G as opposed to 0.124 ± 0.003 for B, 0.305 ± 0.003 for D, and 0.635 ± 0.036 for E). Ethylene oxide (A) displays the lowest rate of hydrolysis (0.027 M−1 s−1). The results are consistent with literature data available for compounds A, B, and C. To model the reactivities we have employed quantum chemical calculations (MNDO, AM1, PM3, and MINDO/3) of the main reaction species. There is a correlation of the logarithm keff with the total energy of epoxide ring opening. The best correlation coefficients (r) were obtained using the AM1 and MNDO methods (0.966 and 0.957, respectively). However, unlike MNDO, AM1 predicts approximately zero energy barriers for the oxirane ring opening of compounds B, C, F, and G, which is not consistent with published kinetic data. Thus, the MNDO method provides a preferential means of modeling the acidic hydrolysis of the series of methylated oxiranes. The general ranking of mutagenicity in vitro, A > B > C, is in line with the concept that this sequence also gradually leaves the expoxide reactivity optimal for genotoxicity toward reactivities leading to higher biological detoxifications.
High‐resolution 3‐D P wave attenuation structure of the New Madrid Seismic Zone using local earthquake tomography (2013)

Abstract A three‐dimensional (3‐D), high‐resolution P wave seismic attenuation model for the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) is determined using P wave path attenuation ( t *) values of small‐magnitude earthquakes ( M D &lt; 3.9). Events were recorded at 89 broadband and short‐period seismometers of the Cooperative New Madrid Seismic Zone Network and 40 short‐period seismometers of the Portable Array for Numerical Data Acquisition experiment. The amplitude spectra of all the earthquakes are simultaneously inverted for source, path ( t *), and site parameters. The t * values are inverted for Q P using local earthquake tomography methods and a known 3‐D P wave velocity model for the region. The four major seismicity arms of the NMSZ exhibit reduced Q P (higher attenuation) than the surrounding crust. The highest attenuation anomalies coincide with areas of previously reported high swarm activity attributed to fluid‐rich fractures along the southeast extension of the Reelfoot fault. The Q P results are consistent with previous attenuation studies in the region, which showed that active fault zones and fractured crust in the NMSZ are highly attenuating.
Optimal membership functions for multi-modal control (2006)

In order to manage the rapidly growing complexity associated with many modern control applications, multimodal control has emerged as a viable option. In this paper, we assume that an ensemble of individual controllers or modes have been designed, and concentrate on the problem of combining these controllers in an optimal manner. In particular, we use variational arguments for shaping parameterized membership functions in order to minimize a given performance cost, thus resulting in a systematic method for optimal mode fusion in a general setting. This view complements the standard fuzzy logic control approach, where the modes are combined according to some given (and possibly fine-tuned) membership functions. Moreover, the new controller fusion methodology is transitioned onto a real robotic platform navigating in an unknown environment to compare the performance of the proposed method with the standard approach
Advanced Life Support for Space Exploration: Air Revitalization Using Amine Coated Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2005)

The challenges posed by long duration human space flight have made regenerable air revitalization a critical technology. Current systems using disposable lithium hydroxide do not address the difficulties presented by long duration missions. Solid amine systems offer the capability to regeneratively adsorb CO 2 using an amine—impregnated porous substrate. Desorption of CO 2 is then achieved by exposing the system to vacuum or by increasing temperature. However, thermal inefficiencies and system size constraints prevent adoption of regenerable systems on current and future space vehicles. A key challenge is the thermal management of the adsorbing bed. The adsorbing surface increases in temperature which reduces adsorbing efficiency. The removal of CO 2 reduces temperature, which in turn produces a loss in regeneration efficiency. These thermal inefficiencies necessitate prohibitively large volumes of traditional solid-amine materials, which do not have optimized surface areas and pore distributions. Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) may provide a means to increase surface area of the amine support and thermal efficiency. Recent work by Cinke et. al. provided a method of functionalizing SWCNTs and increasing the surface area to the order of 1500 m 2 /g [1]. We will report on the production of free standing, high surface area carbon nanotube structures currently being impregnated with amines. This novel SWCNT/amine approach will be compared with the current state of the art polymer structure-based system and characterized using SEM, TEM, surface area analysis through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and also thermogravimetric equilibrium absorption. Results of SWCNT material improvements from processing modifications will also be presented.
Modélisation de l’allumage de mélanges H 2 – O 2 par impulsion laser nanoseconde (2017)

International audience
Patient safety in a pandemic (2022)

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need for specific patient safety strategies designed to keep healthcare workers and patients safe. This chapter addresses patient safety issues and approaches that can keep people safe during a pandemic. A systems-wide approach is taken, so that all aspects of safety are covered. Person-centred public health measures to decrease the risk of infection in the community are the foundation of safer care. Human factors and ergonomics theories can be used to make environments safer and to develop safe clinical pathways for patients and healthcare workers. Different measures to make clinical settings safer are considered, with practical solutions for lowering the risk in various specialties. Measurements for safety in a pandemic are discussed.
Structure of the 22-residue somatostatin from catfish. An O-glycosylated peptide having multiple forms. (1984)

The 22-residue somatostatin (SST-22) from channel catfish, purified by an improved method, is shown to be a glycopeptide. This represents the first report of a glycosylated somatostatin. Multiple forms of SST-22 exist with the major form containing 1 mol of galactose and 1 mol of N-acetylgalactosamine/mol of peptide attached via an O-glycosidic linkage to Thr-5. The position of the carbohydrate was determined by trapping the reactive peptide following beta-elimination of the carbohydrate with [35S]beta-mercaptoethanol followed by sequencing of the radiolabeled protein. All forms of SST-22 that have been purified are identical in amino acid composition. The heterogeneity resides in the carbohydrate portion of the glycopeptide with at least one of the minor forms containing sialic acid. The sequence for SST-22 obtained by automated Edman degradation is Asp X Asn X Thr X Val X Thr X Ser X Lys X Pro X Leu X Asn X Cys X Met X Asn X Tyr X Phe X Trp X Lys X Ser X Arg X Thr X Ala X Cys. This sequence differs at positions 5 and 19 from that published by Oyama et al. (Oyama, H., Bradshaw, R. A., Bates, O.J., and Permutt, A. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 2251-2254). The amino acid sequence reported here is identical to that deduced from the cDNA. The mass ion of SST-22 was determined by fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry and shown to be 2943 +/- 1 (m/z). The observed mass ion is consistent with the molecular weight predicted from the amino acid sequence plus 1 mol of galactose and 1 mol of N-acetylgalactosamine.
Fluorescence enhancement of fluorophores tethered to different sized silver colloids deposited on glass substrate (2004)

We studied fluorescence enhancements of fluorescein tethered to silver colloids of different size. Thiolated 23-mer oligonucleotide (ss DNA-SH) was bound selectively to silver colloids deposited on 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS)-treated quartz slides. Fluorescein-labeled complementary oligonucleotide (ss Fl-DNA) was added in an amount significantly lower than the amount of unlabeled DNA tethered to the colloids. The hybridization kinetics, observed as an increase in fluorescence emission, on small (30-40 nm) and large (> 120 nm) colloids were similar. However, the final fluorescence intensity of the sample with large colloids was about 50% higher than that observed for the sample with small colloids. The reference sample without ss DNA-SH was used to estimate the fluorescence enhancements of fluorescein tethered to the small colloids (E = 2.7) and to the large colloids (E = 4.1) due to its steady fluorescence signal. The proposed method, based on controlled hybridization with minimal amount of fluorophore labeled ss DNA, can be used to reliably estimate the fluorescence enhancements on any silver nanostructures.
Relaxin Is Essential for Systemic Vasodilation and Increased Global Arterial Compliance during Early Pregnancy in Conscious Rats (2006)

During early pregnancy, there are marked increases in cardiac output (CO) and global arterial compliance (AC), as well as decreases in systemic vascular resistance (SVR). We recently reported that administration of recombinant human relaxin to nonpregnant female rats elicits changes in systemic hemodynamics and arterial mechanical properties similar to those observed during normal pregnancy. In the present study, we directly tested whether endogenous relaxin mediates the cardiovascular adaptations of pregnancy by neutralizing circulating relaxin with monoclonal antibodies during early gestation. Relaxin neutralizing antibodies were administered daily, beginning on d 8 of rat gestation, to block the functional effects of circulating relaxin. Systemic hemodynamics and arterial properties were assessed between gestational d 11 and 15 using techniques we have previously reported. Pregnant rats administered the neutralizing antibodies failed to exhibit the gestational increases in stroke volume, CO, and global AC or decreases in SVR that were observed in control pregnant rats administered an irrelevant antibody against fluorescein or PBS. In fact, in the pregnant rats administered the relaxin neutralizing antibodies, cardiovascular parameters were not statistically different from those in virgin rats. Interestingly, small renal and first-order mesenteric arteries isolated from midterm pregnant rats administered either relaxin-neutralizing or control antibodies did not exhibit any changes in passive mechanical properties compared with virgin rats. These findings indicate that circulating relaxin mediates the transition of the systemic circulation from the virgin to the pregnant state in the gravid rat model, suggesting a potential role for aberrant relaxin regulation in abnormal pregnancies wherein these cardiovascular adaptations are inadequate or excessive.
Tocilizumab reduces the risk of ICU admission and mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

Tocilizumab in early stages of the inflammatory flare could reduce an important number of ICU admissions and mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate of 10.3% among patients receiving tocilizumab appears to be lower than other reports. This is a non-randomized study and the results should be interpreted with caution.
Effects of short-term sitagliptin treatment on immune parameters in healthy individuals, a randomized placebo-controlled study (2013)

Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, improves blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes by blocking cleavage of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). In type 2 diabetes patients sitagliptin use is associated with an increase in minor infections, and in new-onset type 1 diabetes patients the ability of sitagliptin to dampen autoimmunity is currently being tested. DPP-4, also known as CD26, is expressed on leucocytes and can inactivate many chemokines important for leucocyte migration, as well as act as a co-stimulatory molecule on T cells. Therefore, this study was conducted to test whether sitagliptin is immunomodulatory. In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, healthy volunteers were given sitagliptin or placebo daily for 28 days, and blood was drawn for immune assays. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of leucocyte subsets within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plasma chemokine/cytokine levels or cytokines released by stimulation of PBMCs with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or anti-CD3. Individuals taking sitagliptin displayed increases in the percentage of cells expressing higher levels of CD26 at early time-points compared to placebo controls, but these differences resolved by day 28 of treatment. Therefore, in healthy volunteers, treatment with sitagliptin daily for 28 days does not overtly alter systemic immune function.
Space charge limited conduction in ultrathin PbS quantum dot solid diodes (2014)

As a simple and direct characterization of carrier transport in nanocrystal quantum dot (NQD) solids, current-voltage characterization of ultrathin diodes is proposed. We found the space charge limited conduction (SCLC) behavior in ultrathin PbS NQD diodes with active layer thickness half of the full depletion width; and extracted hole concentrations in the order of 1015 cm−3, hole mobilities from 10−4 to 10−5 cm2/Vs, trap energy depths varying from 140 meV to 200 meV, and volume trap density around 1017 cm−3 for thin films with NQDs of diameters 3.3 and 3.6 nm, respectively. We further discuss the validity of applying SCLC to the NQD solids based diodes and the implications of the extracted parameters extensively. Proposed characterization method here is a direct measure of carrier transport in solar cell structures which could provide exact directions in NQD solids based solar cell fabrication and modeling.
Changes in the Chlorophyll Contents of Leaves and in Levels of Cytokinins in Root Exudates during Ripening of Rice Cultivars Nipponbare and Akenohoshi (1995)

Changes in fluxes of cytokinins in exudates transported via the xylem from roots of rice plants cvs. Nipponbare (a standard Japanese cultivar) and Akenohoshi (a slowly senescing cultivar) were measured by mass spectrometry with deuterium-labeled standards. The fluxes of zeatin (Z), trans-ribosylzeatin (trans-RZ), N6-isopentenyladenine (iP), and “conjugated Z” (Z in the hydrolysates of highly polar fractions) decreased from heading to the late ripening stage in both cultivars. At the late ripening stage, iP and Z could no longer be detected, while the flux of N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA) increased slightly. In Akenohoshi, conjugated Z was the predominant cytokinin from heading to the middle of the ripening stage. The flux of each of the cytokinins in Akenohoshi was higher than that in Nipponbare at every time point, with the exception of the flux of iPA just after heading. The total concentration of cytokinins in the xylem exudate of Akenohoshi was higher than that of Nipponbare after the middle of ripening stage. The chlorophyll content of the third leaves, which were senescing rapidly, was significantly correlated with the flux of total cytokinins per plant or per unit leaf area. These results suggest that the larger amounts of cytokinins, in particular conjugated Z, transported from the roots to the shoots caused the slow senescence of leaves in Akenohoshi during the ripening stage.
Agent Prioritization for Autonomous Navigation (2019)

In autonomous navigation, a planning system reasons about other agents to plan a safe and plausible trajectory. Before planning starts, agents are typically processed with computationally intensive models for recognition, tracking, motion estimation and prediction. With limited computational resources and a large number of agents to process in real time, it becomes important to efficiently rank agents according to their impact on the decision making process. This allows spending more time processing the most important agents. We propose a system to rank agents around an autonomous vehicle (AV) in real time. We automatically generate a ranking data set by running the planner in simulation on real-world logged data, where we can afford to run more accurate and expensive models on all the agents. The causes of various planner actions are logged and used for assigning ground truth importance scores. The generated data set can be used to learn ranking models. In particular, we show the utility of combining learned features, via a convolutional neural network, with engineered features designed to capture domain knowledge. We show the benefits of various design choices experimentally. When tested on real AVs, our system demonstrates the capability of understanding complex driving situations.
One-Pot Multistep Synthetic Strategies for the Production of Fenpropimorph Using an Ionic Liquid Solvent (2005)

The one-pot synthesis of the fungicide fenpropimorph has been achieved using two different synthetic strategies in an ionic liquid. The first pathway consists of a Heck coupling followed by reductive amination; the second pathway consists of an aldol condensation followed by hydrogenation/reductive amination. Homogeneous and heterogeneous palladium catalysts have been utilised in the ionic liquid to provide a catalyst/solvent system that is suitable for recycling and process optimisation.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel 4‐ and 7‐Sulfonylated 2‐Substituted Benzoxazoles (2010)

Abstract Two routes are presented which allow the preparation of the title compounds.
Preparation of Aminoalkyl Chlorohydrin Hydrochlorides:  Key Building Blocks for Hydroxyethylamine-Based HIV Protease Inhibitors (1996)

Enantiomerically pure N,N-dibenzyl-alpha-amino aldehydes reacted with (chloromethyl)lithium, generated in situ from bromochloromethane and lithium metal, to give predominantly erythro aminoalkyl epoxides. Treatment of the crude epoxides with aqueous hydrochloric acid gave crystalline (2S,3S)-N,N-dibenzylamino chlorohydrin hydrochlorides in 32-56% overall yield and high isomeric purity. These compounds are versatile synthetic intermediates for the preparation of hydroxyethylamine-based HIV protease inhibitors, either directly as such, or via conversion to the corresponding N-Boc-(2S,3S)-aminoalkyl epoxides. The processes described do not make use of hazardous reagents or intermediates, do not require chromatographic purifications, and are thus amenable to the preparation of large quantities of these versatile building blocks.
Radiation therapy in combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with extensive portal vein involvement (2001)

The combined therapy is feasible and may be useful to reverse PVTT in patients with good hepatic function reserve.
Fine Grain Provenance Using Temporal Databases. (2011)

Database applications often require rigorous provenance; e.g., it is important to know who is responsible for a change and at what time a change was done. Additionally, it is important to know which program, rule, or model was executed, and which data was used as input. The standard solution is to include provenance into the application logic. The consequence is that such a program extends significantly – a factor of 3 to 5 is often cited – and most importantly provenance by applications is normally badly designed and hard to use. This paper shows that temporal databases can be used to automate the provisioning process and that they enable a application design based on three key concepts: Facts, knowledge, and information.
Mechanisms of ionizing-radiation-induced gain degradation in lateral PNP BJTs (1996)

The physical mechanisms for gain degradation in laterals PNP bipolar transistors are examined experimentally and through simulation. The effect of increased surface recombination velocity at the base surface is moderated by positive oxide charge.
Thermal stability of fluorine doped silicon oxide films (1998)

The reliability of fluorine doped silicon oxide (SiOF) films for intermetal dielectrics in multilevel interconnections of ultra-large scale integrated circuits (ULSIs) is investigated. SiOF films were deposited by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECRPECVD) using H-free source gases, i.e., SiF₄ and O₂. The effect of post plasma treatment on the moisture absorption and dielectric properties of SiOF films was carried out in terms of air exposure time. The reliability test of Cu/TiN/SiOF/Si specimen was carried out in terms of temperature by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) in N₂ ambient. After O₂ plasma treatment, no appreciable peak directly related to moisture absorption was detected. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of the O₂ plasma treated SiOF film showed that the film remained to hold the sound dielectric properties even after boiling treatment. The Cu/TiN/SiOF/Si system was found to be reliable up to 600℃.
A Fully Planarized 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS Technology (1991)

In this paper, a 0.25 mum CMOS technology using trench gate structure is developed, and excellent short channel effect and device characteristics are obtained. Furthermore, the entire structure is fully planarized with shallow trench isolation (STI) [2]. and buried trench gate in both silicon substrate and STi regions. Because it is fully planarized, the structure is also highly suitable for further planarized multi-level metal interconnection approaches.