gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interferon Regulatory Factor-2 Is a Transcriptional Activator in Muscle Where It Regulates Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (1998)

Previously, we have suggested that vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and its integrin receptor alpha4beta1 mediate cell-cell interactions important for skeletal myogenesis. Expression of the receptors subsequently subsides in muscle after birth. Here, we examine the mechanism regulating VCAM-1 gene expression in muscle. An enhancer located between the TATA box and the transcriptional start site is responsible for VCAM-1 gene expression in muscle-this element is inactive in endothelial cells where VCAM-1 expression is dependent on nuclear factor kappaB sites and inflammatory cytokines. We identify interferon regulatory factor-2 (IRF-2), a member of the interferon regulatory factor family, as the enhancer-binding transcription factor and show that expression of IRF-2 parallels that of VCAM-1 during mouse skeletal myogenesis. IRF-2 is not dependent upon cytokines for expression or activity, and it has been shown to act as a repressor in other nonmuscle cell types. We show that the basic repressor motif located near the COOH-terminal of IRF-2 is not active in muscle cells, but instead an acidic region in the center of the molecule functions as a transactivating domain. Although IRF-2 and VCAM-1 expression diminishes on adult muscle fiber, they are retained on myogenic stem cells (satellite cells). These satellite cells proliferate and fuse to regenerate muscle fiber after injury or disease. We present evidence that VCAM-1 on satellite cells mediates their interaction with alpha4beta1(+) leukocytes that invade the muscle after injury or disease. We propose that VCAM-1 on endothelium generally recruits leukocytes to muscle after injury, whereas subsequent interaction with VCAM-1 on regenerating muscle cells focuses the invading leukocytes specifically to the sites of regeneration.
Synchronous Motors with Cylindrical Rotors for the Petrochemical Industry (1987)

An important role is played by the compressor in the petrochemical industry. Typical high-speed compressor drivers are turbines and induction and synchronous motors. The cylindrical-rotor synchronous motor and its application as a high-speed compressor driver is discussed. Important tasks within the production processes of the petrochemical industry include gas liquefaction, compression, refrigeration, and heat recovery. Compressor drive systems constitute important components in plants for such processes. In the past, large high-speed radial and axial compressors were driven mainly by turbines, but in recent years electric motors have been used increasingly. In addition to lower plant costs, the advantages Include high operating efficiency, low pollution, and simpler handling and maintenance. The majority of drives are operating at constant speed, using a four-or six-pole motor with stepup gear. For large ratings, synchronous motors are preferred. For these a number of specific characteristics, such as electrically excited oscillating torques during asynchronous acceleration and special cooling conditions, must be considered. The urge for optimum operating characteristics has led to the development of the synchronous motor with laminated cylindrical rotor, derived from the two-pole turbine-driven generator. The design structure, the steady-state and dynamic operating characteristics, and the starting performance during asynchronous acceleration of such synchronous drive systems are the topics covered here. The theoretical background has been excluded from the normal text and is summarized in the Appendices.
Human African trypanosomiasis (2010)

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT, sleeping sickness) is caused by two subspecies of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei: T. b. rhodesiense is prevalent in East Africa among many wild and domestic mammals; T. b. gambiense causes an anthroponosis in Central and West Africa. The disease is restricted to tropical Africa where it is transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies (...
Extrinsic Parameters Calibration Method of Cameras with Non-Overlapping Fields of View in Airborne Remote Sensing (2018)

Multi-camera systems are widely used in the fields of airborne remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicle imaging. The measurement precision of these systems depends on the accuracy of the extrinsic parameters. Therefore, it is important to accurately calibrate the extrinsic parameters between the onboard cameras. Unlike conventional multi-camera calibration methods with a common field of view (FOV), multi-camera calibration without overlapping FOVs has certain difficulties. In this paper, we propose a calibration method for a multi-camera system without common FOVs, which is used on aero photogrammetry. First, the extrinsic parameters of any two cameras in a multi-camera system is calibrated, and the extrinsic matrix is optimized by the re-projection error. Then, the extrinsic parameters of each camera are unified to the system reference coordinate system by using the global optimization method. A simulation experiment and a physical verification experiment are designed for the theoretical arithmetic. The experimental results show that this method is operable. The rotation error angle of the camera’s extrinsic parameters is less than 0.001rad and the translation error is less than 0.08 mm.
Pulsed-Laser Atom-Probe Study of H3, N3 and NH3 Formation on Metal Surfaces (1985)

The surface field must play an important role in the reactivity of a surface. This effect can be probed in field ion emission experiments. First, the applied field in these experiments is an adjustable parameter and it is of the same order of magnitude as the surface field. Second, the size of a field ion emitter resembles well a dispersed catalytically active metallic particle. We report here a study of surface catalyzed formation of H 3 , N 3 and NH 3 on various crystal planes of about 20 transition metals using pulsed-laser stimulated field desorption technique. In pulsed-laser stimulated field desorption, adsorbed surface species are first thermally desorbed by pulsed-laser heating of the surface. They are subsequently field ionized and detected.
Triangle Mesh Subdivision with Bounded Curvature and the Convex Hull Property (2001)

The masks for Loop’s triangle subdivision surface algorithm are modified resulting in surfaces with bounded curvature and the con-vex hull property. New edge masks are generated by a cubic polyno-mial mask equation whose Chebyshev coefficients are closely related to the eigenvalues of the corresponding subdivision matrix. The mask equation is found to satisfy a set of smoothness constraints on these eigenvalues. We observe that controlling the root structure of the mask equation is important for deriving subdivision masks with non-negative weights.
ECLAMPSIA AND STROKE DURING PREGNANCY AND THE PUERPERIUM (2008)

This chapter, reviews mitochondrial and other selective metabolic causes of stroke. In MELAS, despite the microangiopathic findings in the brain and muscles, the stroke-like episodes are more likely attributed to mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction in neural tissue and glia rather than to ischemic vascular pathology. Kearns Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disorder caused by large heteroplasmic deletions in mtDNA. Brain infarction, presumably secondary to cardioembolic sources, may occur. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a clinical syndrome caused by several enzyme deficiencies in methionine metabolism. Patients with homocystinuria have markedly elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations. Most patients present with peripheral venous thrombosis, including pulmonary embolism. Stroke, peripheral arterial occlusions, or myocardial infarction can be the initial presentation. The increased tendency for thrombosis usually presents as an ischemic stroke. Metabolic stroke due to hypoxemia and vascular insufficiency may occur in methylmalonic acidemia. Metabolic causes of stroke are quite heterogeneous.
Separation of n-Paraffins and 1-Olefins in Shale Oil by Urea Adduction. (1996)

化学原料としての用途の期待される粗シェールオイル灯軽油留分中のn-パラフィンと1-オレフィンを対象として, 尿素付加法による分離を検討した。粗シェールオイル灯軽油留分中のn-パラフィンと1-オレフィンは大過剰の尿素が存在する条件では, ほぼ全量が粗シェールオイルより分離されたが, 尿素量が不足する条件では, 炭素数16以上のn-パラフィンおよびレオレフィンは高濃度で分離できたが, 炭素数がそれ以下のものでは濃縮が起こらなかった。尿素付加法により粗シェールオイルのn-エイコサン (n-C20) は原料の3.2wt%から8.6wt%まで, 1-エイコセン (1-C'20) は1.9wt%から4.3wt%まで濃縮された。このことから, 尿素付加法は粗シェールオイルに含まれる炭素数16～20のn-パラフィンおよび1-オレフィンの分離•濃縮に有効であることが明らかになった。
Supplementary Figure 2 from Combination of Anti-HER3 Antibody MM-121/SAR256212 and Cetuximab Inhibits Tumor Growth in Preclinical Models of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 255KB, Western blot analyses of HNSCC cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF LARGE STONE ASPHALT MIXTURES (1997)

A mixture design procedure was developed for large stone mixtures with maximum aggregate sizes of 25 mm to 63 mm. The design procedure makes use of existing contractor stockpile gradations with the intent of maximizing the load carrying role of the stockpile containing the largest aggregate. Evaluative laboratory test procedures were developed and tested. A full scale test pavement demonstrated the effectiveness of the procedure.
Android Security: A Survey of Issues, Malware Penetration, and Defenses (2014)

Smartphones have become pervasive due to the availability of office applications, Internet, games, vehicle guidance using location-based services apart from conventional services such as voice calls, SMSes, and multimedia services. Android devices have gained huge market share due to the open architecture of Android and the popularity of its application programming interface (APIs) in the developer community. Increased popularity of the Android devices and associated monetary benefits attracted the malware developers, resulting in big rise of the Android malware apps between 2010 and 2014. Academic researchers and commercial antimalware companies have realized that the conventional signature-based and static analysis methods are vulnerable. In particular, the prevalent stealth techniques, such as encryption, code transformation, and environment-aware approaches, are capable of generating variants of known malware. This has led to the use of behavior-, anomaly-, and dynamic-analysis-based methods. Since a single approach may be ineffective against the advanced techniques, multiple complementary approaches can be used in tandem for effective malware detection. The existing reviews extensively cover the smartphone OS security. However, we believe that the security of Android, with particular focus on malware growth, study of antianalysis techniques, and existing detection methodologies, needs an extensive coverage. In this survey, we discuss the Android security enforcement mechanisms, threats to the existing security enforcements and related issues, malware growth timeline between 2010 and 2014, and stealth techniques employed by the malware authors, in addition to the existing detection methods. This review gives an insight into the strengths and shortcomings of the known research methodologies and provides a platform, to the researchers and practitioners, toward proposing the next-generation Android security, analysis, and malware detection techniques.
Resistance of Transmitted Founder HIV-1 to IFITM-Mediated Restriction (2016)

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) restrict the entry of diverse enveloped viruses through incompletely understood mechanisms. While IFITMs are reported to inhibit HIV-1, their in vivo relevance is unclear. We show that IFITM sensitivity of HIV-1 strains is determined by the co-receptor usage of the viral envelope glycoproteins as well as IFITM subcellular localization within the target cell. Importantly, we find that transmitted founder HIV-1, which establishes de novo infections, is uniquely resistant to the antiviral activity of IFITMs. However, viral sensitivity to IFITMs, particularly IFITM2 and IFITM3, increases over the first 6 months of infection, primarily as a result of neutralizing antibody escape mutations. Additionally, the ability to evade IFITM restriction contributes to the different interferon sensitivities of transmitted founder and chronic viruses. Together, these data indicate that IFITMs constitute an important barrier to HIV-1 transmission and that escape from adaptive immune responses exposes the virus to antiviral restriction.
Perfusion CT: a worthwhile enhancement? (2003)

Les tumeurs nasales chez le chien sont relativement rares (1-2%). Ce travail propose d'abord une revue bibliographique exhaustive sur ces tumeurs, en particulier les outils diagnostiques, et les approches thérapeutiques actuelles. Il explore ensuite l'utilisation de la séquence de perfusion au scanner pour le suivi de ces tumeurs, une pratique très peu réalisée en oncologie vétérinaire contrairement à la médecine humaine. Les critères de réponse aux traitements de l’OMS et du RECIST sont difficilement applicables aux tumeurs nasales canines en raison de leur forme irrégulière. Cela souligne le besoin de développer des indicateurs pronostiques plus adaptés. L'angiogenèse tumorale, associée à l'évolution de la tumeur, se révèle pertinente dans ce contexte. Les paramètres de perfusion, tels que le débit et le volume sanguin tumoral, servent de marqueurs pour évaluer la vascularisation tumorale. En oncologie humaine, des valeurs élevées de perfusion avant traitement sont associées à une meilleure réponse à la radiothérapie. Une étude prospective menée sur 8 chiens atteints de tumeurs nasales traités par radiothérapie montre que les sarcomes ont une perfusion initiale plus faible et une réduction de volume tumoral moindre par rapport aux carcinomes. Aucune corrélation significative n’a pu être établie entre le taux de réduction tumorale et la survie, ni entre les paramètres initiaux de perfusion et la survie. Ces résultats confirment les tendances observées dans les études antérieures, tout en soulignant la nécessité de cohortes plus larges pour valider pleinement le rôle des paramètres de perfusion comme indicateurs pronostiques et pour affiner les stratégies thérapeutiques.
The Purification and Properties of Activated Factor X (1972)

Abstract Partially purified bovine plasma Factor X was converted to its actively enzymatic form by incubation with Russell's viper venom. The activation product was purified by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose using a gradient 0.09 m to 0.15 m citrate buffer system. A low molecular weight contaminant was removed by dialysis. Activated Factor X isolated in this manner showed a single peak in the analytical ultracentrifuge. The slope of s20,w versus concentration was positive with s020,w = 3.90, while the slope of D020,w versus concentration was negative with D020,w = 7.02 x 10-7. With v = 0.715, obtained from the amino acid analysis, the molecular weight calculated from the Svedberg equation was 47,900 ± 1,000. Low speed sedimentation equilibrium data gave plots of 1n c versus r2 showing upward curvature with a best fit Mw = 47,000 ± 2,000. High speed meniscus depletion runs gave Mw = 47,800 ± 1,000 calculated from the linear portion of the In c versus r2 plots. Chromatography on Sephadex G-200 indicated that a single protein was present (estimated molecular weight 48,000) showing a distinct Gilbert effect. Disc electrophoresis at pH 9.5 gave a single major band but sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of mercaptoethanol gave two bands (estimated molecular weights 20,000 and 30,000). The larger component incorporated 32P after inhibition of the enzymatic activity with [32P]diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate. The amino acid analyses of protein hydrolysates were characterized by large proportions of glutamic and aspartic acids. Two amino-terminal amino acids (alanine and isoleucine) and one carboxyl-terminal (arginine) have been found. Analyses for hexoses, amino sugars, and neuraminic acids were negative. It is concluded that Factor X activated with Russell's viper venom is a protein having a molecular weight about 48,000 and consisting of two polypeptide chains, which undergoes reversible association-dissociation in aqueous solution. These data are clearly at variance with those reported for autoprothrombin c, an enzyme having similar biological activity.
Bounds and constructions of codes with multiple localities (2016)

This paper studies bounds and constructions of locally repairable codes (LRCs) with multiple localities so-called multiple-locality LRCs (ML-LRCs). In the simplest case of two localities some code symbols of an ML-LRC have a certain locality while the remaining code symbols have another one. We extend two bounds, the Singleton and the alphabet-dependent upper bound on the dimension of Cadambe-Mazumdar for LRCs, to the case of ML-LRCs with more than two localities. Furthermore, we construct Singleton-optimal ML-LRCs codes.
Radiation from an electron beam in a magnetized plasma: Whistler mode wave packets (2006)

Experimental studies are reported of oscillations and radiation that is spontaneously excited by an electron beam which is shot along a diverging magnetic field into a plasma from a hot cathode. In the present study we focus on oscillations below the electron gyrofrequency, where we find that whistler mode radiation appears in the form of bursts, or wave packets, each with typically 0.1–1 μ s time duration, and which together cover typically a few percent of the full time. Wave packets are found in a broad frequency range of 7–40 MHz, while each individual wave packet is dominated by a single frequency. There is propagation along two routes: at the group velocity resonance cone angle, away from the central channel where the waves are excited, and in a channel along the magnetic field. Features of the whistler mode wave packets that are studied include (1) the statistics of amplitudes, frequencies, and time durations; (2) the propagation and decay of wave packets with different frequencies; (3) the group and phase velocities; and (4) how the wave packet production varies with the energy, and the current density, in the electron beam.
Fast active cycling power test bench using dedicated modules assemblies for studying wire bond ageing (2019)

International audience
Demonstration of a heterogeneously integrated III-V/SOI single wavelength tunable laser (2013)

A heterogeneously integrated III-V-on-silicon laser is reported, integrating a III-V gain section, a silicon ring resonator for wavelength selection and two silicon Bragg grating reflectors as back and front mirrors. Single wavelength operation with a side mode suppression ratio higher than 45 dB is obtained. An output power up to 10 mW at 20 °C and a thermo-optic wavelength tuning range of 8 nm are achieved. The laser linewidth is found to be 1.7 MHz.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Interaction of BARD1 and HP1 Is Required for BRCA1 Retention at Sites of DNA Damage (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends for Supplementary Figures S1-S13.&lt;/p&gt;
A multiple terminal synchronous display method for ultra-high resolution display systems (2014)

In amusement applications, the big display device which is bigger than 100 inches that can show over 8K resolutions is required. But such devices are very expensive or not yet exist. We have developed a technology for realizing a large screen by synchronizing the time of multiple terminals connected with each display. In addition to time synchronization between terminals, we propose a technology to predict the occurrence timing of the vertical synchronization signals (V-Sync) of each terminal and start the rendering process. By using this method, it could be 0.5 frame less than the displacement of the drawing between displays. Thus, an ultra-high resolution display system with a large screen at a low cost by using a multi-display is realized.
Reply to Isayama et al. (2014)

We read with great interest the Letter by Isayama et al. and would like to respond to their concerns on the first evaluation of the mechanical properties of esophageal stents [1].
Horizontal Completion Options in Reservoirs With Sand Problems (1995)

Abstract Economic efficiency in today’s oil and gas industry requires careful consideration of all horizontal openhole completion criteria during the completion design stage. This paper will review the scenarios that can limit the success of openhole horizontal completions and will focus on problems inherent to sand-producing reservoirs and their management using 1) prepack screens available today and new screen design innovations, 2) recent 90-degree short- and long-radius screen bend tests that determine flexibility characteristics, 3) mechanical fluid-loss control systems, 4) circulation options available to the operator for openhole cleaning 5) and new innovations in zonal isolation with sliding sleeve circulation devices that address sanding problems. Case histories of several unique completions that proved to be successful in controlling premature water breakthrough and sand problems in fractured reservoirs will be presented, followed by a summary of the important considerations for openhole horizontal completion design.
Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Nimbidin (1981)

Nimbidin, a compound isolated from the oil of seeds of AZADIRACHTA INDICA (N EEM), has been screened in comparison with two standard anti-inflammatory agents, phenylbutazone, a non-steriod and prednisolone, a steroid; against various experimental models of inflammation. It was found to significantly reduce acute paw oedema in rats induced by phlogistic agents, carrageenin and kaolin. The test drug significantly suppressed the formalin-induced arthritis of ankle joint and the fluid exudation in croton oil-induced granuloma in rats. In acute phase of inflammation, nimbidin (40 mg/kg) was found to possess significant activity as compared to phenylbutazone (100 mg/kg). Since the drug was found to be effective in both acute and chronic phases of inflammation it can be considered as a general anti-inflammatory agent.
Study of the hydrodynamics within a draft tube spouted bed system (1988)

Abstract Two dimensional Darcy and Ergun models are used to describe the hydrodynamics within the annulus of a spouted bed equipped with a draft tube. Experimental pressure and stream function data for water spouting are shown to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Verification of a general spout‐annulus interfacial boundary condition is also established and it is shown that the entry region below the draft tube functions as a classical spouted bed. In addition, an experimental procedure for determining the location of the spout‐annulus interface is presented. Fluid residence time distributions are calculated for a few cases of practical interest.
Ultra Grain Refining of Iron Using Mechanical Milling Technique. (1999)

Mechanical milling treatment of iron powder was applied as the technique to charge an extremely large strain into iron matrix. Milling treatment using high energy vibration ball mill enable a significant work hardening of iron to Hv950 after a long time milling, whereas the maximum hardness achieved by conventional cold-rolling process for bulk iron is small as Hv280. For the mechanically milled iron powder with the hardness Hv950, the grain size is refined to several tens nm due to super heavy deformation through mechanical milling. On the annealing of this mechanically milled powder, it was confirmed that softening occurs not through the well-known recrystallization process but through gradual grain growth of such fine grains. The hardness of iron powders yields the Hall-Petch relation to the grain size, in the case they do not have substructures within each grain such as dislocation cells and subgrains. Mechanically milled iron powder can be consolidated to the bulk with full density at the low temperature of 923K and the grain size is kept at about 0.2mm due to the grain boundary pinning effect of finely dispersed oxide particles. 0.2% proof stress of this bulk iron is increased to about 1.6Gpa by grain refining strengthening. The behavior of grain refining strengthening is identical in both steels of fcc and bcc structure regardless of the crystal structure.