gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
rTES-30USM: cloning via assembly PCR, expression, and evaluation of usefulness in the detection of toxocariasis (2008)

Currently, the laboratory diagnosis of toxocariasis, caused by Toxocara canis or T. cati, mainly relies on serological tests. Unfortunately, however, the specificities of most of the commercial tests that are available for the serodiagnosis of this disease are not very high and this may cause problems, especially in tropical countries where co-infections with other helminths are common. In an effort to develop a serological assay with improved specificity for the detection of Toxocara infection, an IgG(4)-ELISA based on a recombinant version (rTES-30USM) of the 30-kDa Toxocara excretory-secretory antigen (TES-30) has recently been developed. To produce the antigen, the TES-30 gene was cloned via assembly PCR, subcloned into a His-tagged prokaryotic expression vector, and purified by affinity chromatography using Ni(2+)-nitrilotriacetic-acid (Ni-NTA) resin. The performance of the ELISA based on the recombinant antigen was then compared with that of commercial kit, based on an IgG-ELISA, for the serodiagnosis of toxocariasis (Toxocara IgG-ELISA; Cypress Diagnostics, Langdorp, Belgium). Both assays were used to test 338 serum samples, including 26 samples from probable cases of toxocariasis. Assuming that all the probable cases were true cases, the assay based on rTES-30USM demonstrated a sensitivity of 92.3% (24/26) and a specificity of 89.6% (103/115) whereas the commercial kit exhibited a sensitivity of 100% (26/26) but a specificity of only 55.7% (64/115). The high sensitivity and specificity exhibited by the new IgG(4)-ELISA should make the assay a good choice for use in tropical countries and any other area where potentially cross-reactive helminthic infections are common.
AutoGRD (2019)

The widespread use of machine learning algorithms and the high level of expertise required to utilize them have fuelled the demand for solutions that can be used by non-experts. One of the main challenges non-experts face in applying machine learning to new problems is algorithm selection - the identification of the algorithm(s) that will deliver top performance for a given dataset, task, and evaluation measure. We present AutoGRD, a novel meta-learning approach for algorithm recommendation. AutoGRD first represents datasets as graphs and then extracts their latent representation that is used to train a ranking meta-model capable of accurately recommending top-performing algorithms for previously unseen datasets. We evaluate our approach on 250 datasets and demonstrate its effectiveness both for classification and regression tasks. AutoGRD outperforms state-of-the-art meta-learning and Bayesian methods.
The effect of surface roughness on the adhesion of elastic solids (1975)

Abstract This paper describes a study of the adhesion between elastic solids and the effect of roughness in reducing the adhesion. The experiments were carried out between optically smooth rubber spheres and a hard smooth flat surface of Perspex which could be roughened to various degrees. The radius of the rubber spheres was varied by a factor of 8, their elastic modulus by a factor of 10, while the centre line average (c.l.a.)of the roughened Perspex surface was varied from 0.12 to 1.5 μm. The results show that c.l.a. roughnesses which are small compared with the overall deformation occurring at the region of the rubber-Perspex contact can produce an extremely large reduction in adhesion. The effect is more marked for rubbers of higher modulus. On the other hand the curvature of the sphere (over the range examined) has little influence. For this reason and because the analytical problem of a sphere on a rough flat is extremely complicated a theoretical analysis has been developed for the simpler case of a smooth flat in contact with a rough flat surface. As in Greenwood &amp; Williamson (1966) the rough surface is modelled by asperities all of the same radius of curvature and with heights following a Gaussian distribution of standard deviation σ. The overall contact force is obtained by applying the contact theory of Johnson, Kendall &amp; Roberts (1971) to each individual asperity. The theory predicts that the adhesion expressed as a fraction of the maximum value depends upon a single parameter, 1/Δe,which is the ratio between a and the elastic displacement δC that the tip of an asperity can sustain before it pulls off from the other surface. The analysis shows that the adhesion parameter may also be regarded as representing the statistical average of a competition between the compressive forces exerted by the higher asperities trying to prize the surfaces apart and the adhesive forces between the lower asperities trying to hold the surfaces together. Although the theory is derived for two nominally plane surfaces it is found to fit the experimental results for a sphere on a flat reasonably well.
Design of fluidized‐bed fermentors (1986)

Designing a fluidized-bed bioreactor requires choosing the best support particle (if any). Effectiveness factors (proportional to reactor volumetric productivity) are derived for flocs, solid spherical supports, porous supports, and adsorbent supports. The derivation demonstrates a mathematical procedure for reducing the diffusion/uptake equations for many components (substrates and inhibitory products) to a single equation, and for identifying the limiting component. With solid supports there exists a film thickness that maximizes the effectiveness, and the design objective is to keep the film near this optimum throughout the bed. This involves consideration of the effect of support particle density and film growth on bed stratification. Other considerations in picking support particles are obtaining reasonable values for bed height and diameter, minimizing mass transfer resistance between liquid and biomass, and preventing surface shear from stripping off the biomass.
A real-time deformation modeling scheme of soft tissue for virtual surgical (2010)

Surgical simulation is a promising technology for training medical students and planning procedures. Although an amount of research efforts have been dedicated to simulating the deformation of soft tissues, modeling of soft tissue deformation is still a challenging problem. From the viewpoint of real-time simulation, this paper presents a novel deformation modeling scheme based on mass-spring model for virtual soft tissue. This method limits the computation within a region of influence, of which location is changing with the location of the virtual touch probe on the surface of soft tissue. This scheme improves the computational efficiency and saves a great lot of memory. In addition, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is chosen as the numerical integrator of the model. The modeling approach has been integrated into a virtual palpating surgery training system and the users could control the virtual tools and manipulate the virtual organs with the haptic devices. Results show the system has achieve the level of real-time interaction.
Demonstration of the Synthetic Power of Oxazaborolidine-Catalyzed Enantioselective Diels-Alder Reactions by Very Efficient Routes to Cassiol and Gibberellic Acid (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDemonstration of the Synthetic Power of Oxazaborolidine-Catalyzed Enantioselective Diels-Alder Reactions by Very Efficient Routes to Cassiol and Gibberellic AcidE. J. Corey, Angel Guzman-Perez, and Teck-Peng LohCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 8, 3611–3612Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00087a062RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2029Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (273 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Efficient optical parametric oscillator at 16 μm (1991)

We extend the operating regime of diode-pumped Nd:YAG lasers into the eye-safe region at 1.61 microm by using an efficient optical parametric oscillator in KTP. Total energy conversion efficiencies of the 1.06-microm pump to 1.61-microm signal and 3.1-microm idler approach 40%, with 25% converson to 1.61microm alone. This device has a wallplug efficiency of 0.8%, producing 2.5-mJ output energies at an eye-safe wavelength, and is readily scalable to higher energies.
Pore Scale Variation in Retardation Factor as a Cause of Nonideal Reactive Breakthrough Curves: 1. Conceptual Model and its Evaluation (1995)

Breakthrough curves (BTCs) for reactive solutes commonly show earlier appearance, greater spreading, and more tailing than can be represented by the classical advection‐dispersion equation. Various types of kinetic models have been developed as a means of representing this nonideal behavior; however, several inconsistencies between the predictions of these models and experimental results have been noted. This paper presents an alternative mechanism that can contribute to the nonideality of BTCs for reactive solutes. The proposed mechanism is based on pore scale variation in the retardation factor ( R ) resulting from the pore size distribution. The effect of the mechanism on reactive solute transport was investigated using a stochastically derived macrodispersivity equation. In the example presented, the calculated stochastic dispersivity, which accounts for the pore scale variation in R , was almost 1 order of magnitude greater than that determined for a nonreactive solute. The BTC predicted using the stochastically derived dispersivity showed much better agreement with a measured BTC for strontium than that predicted using the nonreactive dispersivity. The simulated curve with stochastically derived dispersivity exhibited the common characteristics of nonideality, including enhanced spreading, early breakthrough, and tailing. Although the analysis was based on a highly idealized model of a porous medium, it is concluded that pore size variation in R can contribute to nonideality in reactive BTCs, even in a homogeneously packed column under conditions of equilibrium solute partitioning.
Recurrence formula for impulse response coefficients of Sinc N FIR filter (2006)

A simple recurrence formula for computing the impulse response coefficients of the SincN FIR made of a cascade of N Sinc filters each of length M is presented. The formula allows for a much lower mathematical operation compared to the previously published format and thus leads to a faster execution time and simpler circuitry.
Comparative metabonomic analysis of hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen and its less toxic meta-isomer (2016)

The leading cause of drug-induced liver injury in the developed world is overdose with N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP). A comparative metabonomic approach was applied to the study of both xenobiotic and endogenous metabolic profiles reflective of in vivo exposure to APAP (300 mg/kg) and its structural isomer N-acetyl-m-aminophenol (AMAP; 300 mg/kg) in C57BL/6J mice, which was anchored with histopathology. Liver and urine samples were collected at 1 h, 3 h and 6 h post-treatment and analyzed by <sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (liver only). Histopathology revealed the presence of centrilobular necrosis from 3 h post-APAP treatment, while an AMAP-mediated necrotic endpoint was not observed within the timescale of this study, yet two of five treated mice showed minimal centrilobular eosinophilia. The <sup>1</sup>H-NMR xenobiotic metabolic profile of APAP-treated animals comprised of mercapturate (urine and liver) and glutathionyl (liver) conjugates detected at 1 h post-treatment. This finding corroborated the hepatic endogenous metabolic profile which showed depletion of glutathione from 1 h onwards. In contrast, AMAP glutathionyl conjugates were not detected, nor was AMAP-induced depletion of hepatic glutathione observed. APAP administration induced significant endogenous hepatic metabolic perturbations, primarily linked to oxidative and energetic stress, and perturbation of amino acid metabolism. Early depletion of glutathione was followed by depletion of additional sulfur-containing metabolites, while altered levels of mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolites indicated a disruption of energy homeostasis. In contrast, AMAP administration caused minimal, transient, distinct metabolic perturbations and by 6 h the metabolic profiles of AMAP-treated mice were indistinguishable from those of controls.
More Sensitive and Quantitative Proteomic Measurements Using Very Low Flow Rate Porous Silica Monolithic LC Columns with Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (2006)

The sensitivity of proteomics measurements using liquid chromatography (LC) separations interfaced with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) improves approximately inversely with liquid flow rate (for the columns having the same separation efficiency, linear velocity, and porosity), making attractive the use of smaller inner diameter LC columns. We report the development and initial application of 10 microm i.d. silica-based monolithic LC columns providing more sensitive proteomics measurements. A 50-microm-i.d. micro solid-phase extraction precolumn was used for ease of sample injection and cleanup prior to the reversed-phase LC separation, enabling the sample volume loading speed to be increased by approximately 50-fold. Greater than 10-fold improvement in sensitivity was obtained compared to analyses using more conventional capillary LC, enabling e.g. the identification of >5000 different peptides by MS/MS from 100-ng of a Shewanella oneidensis tryptic digest using an ion trap MS. The low nL/min LC flow rates provide more uniform responses for different peptides, and provided improved quantitative measurements compared to conventional separation systems without the use of internal standards or isotopic labeling. The improved sensitivity allowed LC-MS measurements of immunopurified protein phosphatase 5 that were in good agreement with quantitative Western blot analyses.
Figure S5 from Drugs That Modify Cholesterol Metabolism Alter the p38/JNK-Mediated Targeted and Nontargeted Response to Alpha and Auger Radioimmunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;SUPPLEMENTARY FIG. S5. Signaling pathways activated in donor and recipient cells after exposure to 213Bi-anti-MISRII mAb alone or with MBCD.&lt;/p&gt;
Design and Implementation of Internet Financing Platform for Rural SMEs (2017)

To solve financing difficulty in rural SMEs and provide fast and efficient financing service for SMEs, this paper applies internet technology to design and develop an informationalized service platform. By repeated communication and exchange with bank and rural SMEs, this paper performs system requirement analysis in detail, clarifies the functions to be realized in the system and completes module design in system as well as database structure design. The system realization adopts ASP.NET to rapidly construct Web system under internet environment, applies jQuery, ADO.NET technology to realize data exchange between foreground and background, website and database and finally uses SQL Server 2008 to set up database and data table. Finally, it completes overall test between corresponding module and system. Results show that feasibility and effectiveness of platform reach the design requirement.
Systemic effects of polymethylmethacrylate: Increased serum levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase following arthroplasty (1984)

This study dealt with the effects of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in total hip and knee arthroplasty patients on serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase GGTP levels. Patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation of hip fractures served as control patients. Results of this study showed that 11 of 90 total hip patients and seven of 23 total knee patients had abnormally elevated GGTP levels at 5 and 10 days postoperatively. Abnormal elevations of GGTP levels in 40 hip fracture patients, however, were not noted. Clinical findings in this study included the observations that three of the 11 hip patients with elevated GGTP levels concurrently had symptoms of anorexia, nausea and/or vomiting, along with spiking temperatures in the postoperative period. These symptoms generally occurred by 5 days following surgery and resolved uneventfully by 10 days postoperatively. Likewise, two of the seven knee patients with elevated GGTP levels in the postoperative period had the symptoms described above. No symptoms were reported from the hip fracture patients.
Printed Origami Structures (2010)

Printed origami structures are fabricated by combining direct-write assembly of planar lattices with a wet-folding origami technique. This novel approach provides a low-cost, versatile route to create three-dimensional structures from diverse materials, whose shapes range from simple polyhedra to intricate origami forms.
Synthesis of Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hybrid Method Based on Metaheuristics and Interior Point for Optimal Power Flow (2021)

In this paper we present a hybrid algorithm based on metaheuristics and the interior point (IP) method from MATPOWER to solve the optimal power flow problem. The control variables optimized are the real power and voltage of the generators, the transformer tap ratios and angles and the settings of the static volt-ampere reactive compensators (SVARs). The metaheuristic is used to optimize the discrete variables while MATPOWER is used at every evaluation of the fitness function to compute optimized values for the continuous variables. Compared to methods relying only on metaheuristics, our proposed approach is able to optimize the control settings for networks that are much larger. Compared to using MATPOWER alone, our proposed approach is able to optimize the transformer and the SVAR settings. To select the metaheuristic that is best suited for this application, five metaheuristics were implemented and compared. The software was implemented in MATLAB and parallelized to run on a computer cluster. The proposed algorithm was tested on networks up to 2383 buses.
Integrated Self‐Powered Sensors Based on 2D Material Devices (2022)

With the development of the Internet of Things, there is an increasing need for clean energy and large‐scale sensory systems. Triboelectric/piezoelectric nanogenerators (TENGs/PENGs), have attracted considerable attention as a new type of power generation terminal, which can harvest surrounding energy and convert it into electrical energy. To improve the output performance of nanogenerators (NGs) and diversify related applications, 2D materials with high carrier mobility and excellent piezoelectric properties can be directly used or integrated as different types of self‐powered sensors. In this review, the authors first introduce the excellent piezoelectric and optoelectronic properties of 2D materials, followed by the triboelectric series of 2D materials used in TENGs. The categories of integrated self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials are then summarized according to their different structures and compositions. We also discuss in detail the recent applications of integrated self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials from five aspects. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in the research field of self‐powered sensors are featured. Given the continuous development of self‐powered sensors based on 2D materials, they are considered to have significant potential for applications in biomedicine, environmental detection, human motion monitoring, energy harvesting, and smart wearable devices.
Probing Polymersome‐Protein and ‐Cell Interactions: Influence of Different End‐Groups and Environments (2011)

Abstract Developing polymersomes for drug delivery purposes requires a deeper understanding of their behavior in physiological environment. We performed the self‐assembly and in‐situ loading of polybutadiene‐ block ‐polyethyleneoxide (PB‐b‐PEO) polymersomes in a continuous process using micromixers. Varying the length and end‐groups of the starting block copolymer allows us to control the polymer membrane thickness and surface functionalities (hydroxyl or carboxylic acid), required to realize a further coupling with specific cell targeting ligands. To get a deeper understanding of these polymersomes in physiological environment, we studied the cellular response (HeLa cells) in presence of various polymersomes, and showed by cytotoxicity tests the relative biocompatibility of the systems. Flow cytometry experiments at 4 °C in PBS buffer showed a different behavior of hydroxyl‐functionalized vesicles compared to carboxylic acid‐functionalized vesicles. On the contrary cell binding in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FCS was almost completely blocked with both kinds of polymersomes. Protein adsorption measurements by dynamic light scattering confirmed that protein binding occurs in all cases, which apparently influences the particle‐cell interaction. This study contributes towards a deeper understanding of polymersomes in biological environment and further investigations will help us to design highly effective polymersomes for in vitro as well as in vivo applications.
An automatic visual inspection method of pattern using a circular feature extraction filter (2005)

The purpose of this paper is to describe a method for automatic visual inspection of patterns, such as bare-printed circuit boards (PCB's). The method detects faults of patterns by comparing an input pattern to be inspected with the reference one after features extraction from each of them. For the feature extraction, a circular local filter in the method is used to recognize the pattern's interior points, exterior points, boundary points, the boundary's direction, and the boundary's curvature. The ability of the filter that detects the difference between two boundaries of different curvature is also presented.
Basınçsız Sızdırma Yöntemiyle AlN-Si-Al Seramik-Metal Karma Malzemelerinin Üretimi (2014)

Bu çalışmada basınçsız sızdırma yöntemi kullanılarak Si3N4-Al sisteminde, Si3N4 ve Al arasında meydana&#13;\ngelen tepkime sonucu yüksek seramik hacim kesrine (&gt; hacimce % 50) sahip, hafif (∼2,9 g/cm3&#13;\n) ve yoğun&#13;\n(&gt; % 99) AlN esaslı seramik-metal karma malzemelerin üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. α-Si3N4 tozuyla&#13;\nhazırlanan gözenekli bünyelere 2024 Al alaşımı, farklı sıcaklık ve sürelerde sızdırılarak seramik-metal&#13;\nkarma malzemeler üretilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar iki şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir: (i) Sabit sürede (1 saat) 900-&#13;\n1400°C aralığında, 100°C aralıkla sızdırma. (ii) Sabit sıcaklıkta (1200°C) 1-5 saat arasında değişen&#13;\nsürelerde sızdırma. Üretilen karma malzemelerin evre (faz) analizleri sonucunda yapıda AlN, Si, Al ve&#13;\nCuAl2 evrelerinin bulunduğu ve Si3N4 evresinin Al ile tepkimesi sonucunda yapıda tamamıyla tüketildiği&#13;\nbelirlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen SEM incelemeleri bu malzemelerin oldukça yoğun ve ince bir içyapıya&#13;\nsahip olduğunu (&lt; 0,5 µm) göstermiştir.