gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Une méthodologie de conception pour l’immunisation des circuits intégrés HV/HT contre les couplages de substrat pour les applications automobiles (2016)

Automotive industry is a growing market for smart power integrated circuits (ICs). The smart power ICs miniaturize the electronic systems and improve their functionality for the vehicles. Product robustness and reliability in smart power ICs are vital aspects in automotive applications. However, failures due to substrate noise coupling are still reported in tests after fabrication. The sources of this noise are the injection of majority and minority carriers in the substrate. The majority carriers’ propagation is well modeled, however, the minority carriers’ propagation cannot be modeled by the conventional modeling techniques. In the first part of this work, we explore a new modeling technique proposed by a research group in EPFL. It relies on models that are capable of maintaining the minority carriers’ concentration and gradient. It allows the substrate parasitic extraction taking into account both majority and minority carriers. A CAD tool (AUTOMICS) is developed by our team at UPMC and is used to extract the substrate parasitic network encapsulating the new modeling technique. In the second part of this work, we introduce a new methodology for smart power ICs design and failure analysis using the tool. It focuses on failures due to minority carriers coupling. The proposed methodology is validated on an industrial test case (AUTOCHIP1). This test case was designed in ams and validated by Valeo. This test case suffers from a latch-up problem. This problem is not recognized by conventional simulations. Using our methodology, we manage to reproduce the behavior in simulation environment. The third part of this work presents system and circuit level design for a DC-DC buck converter. This system is considered as a complex system to validate our proposed methodology. The circuit was fabricated using 0.35 µm HVCMOS technology. The high voltage switches serve as aggressors injecting minority carriers in the substrate. An analog sensitive circuit, which is the bandgap, is considered as a victim. The effect of the substrate coupling is studied and simulation results show acceptable consistency with the measurements.
Non-Carbon 2D Materials-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives (2020)

In recent years, field-effect transistors (FETs) have been very promising for biosensor applications due to their high sensitivity, real-time applicability, scalability, and prospect of integrating measurement system on a chip. Non-carbon 2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), black phosphorus (BP), and metal oxides, are a group of new materials that have a huge potential in FET biosensor applications. In this work, we review the recent advances and remarkable studies of non-carbon 2D materials, in terms of their structures, preparations, properties and FET biosensor applications. We will also discuss the challenges facing non-carbon 2D materials-FET biosensors and their future perspectives.
FIGURE 2 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Heat map from the Hallmark gene sets GSVA comparing the paired brain metastases and primary breast tumor (Group A). HR, hormone receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor 2.&lt;/p&gt;
Making globalization endogenous :the domestic determinants of international capital mobility (2002)

Globalization is usually depicted as an exogenous force of recent times that alters the fundamentals of our societies, economies, and political systems. In sharp contrast, this paper is a first step to show how the process of economic internationalization can be seen as the result of political decisions taken at the national level. By looking at governmental regulation of international capital flows, I develop a very simple political-economy model to account for the different incentives of governments to liberalize. The derived hypotheses are tested –and confirmed- using a worldwide dataset. In democratic regimes, liberalization of international capital flows is more easily embraced by wealthier countries –because capital-owners have much more to benefit from such a policy- and by countries with lower levels of government intervention in the economy –because compensating losers is very costly in these economies. This conclusion implies a fundamental difference between trade and financial liberalization. Whereas compensating the negatively affected groups of openness is easy in the former case, international capital mobility makes the task of compensation more difficult, because it involves high transaction costs. Autocracies, in contrast with democracies, do not appear to be bounded by these politico-economic constraints, and their movements towards more integration in global markets appear somewhat more unpredictable.
Evidence for mast cells contributing to neuromuscular pathology in an inherited model of ALS (2017)

Evidence indicates that neuroinflammation contributes to motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease leading to progressive muscular paralysis. However, it remains elusive whether inflammatory cells can interact with degenerating distal motor axons, influencing the progressive denervation of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). By analyzing the muscle extensor digitorum longus (EDL) following paralysis onset in the SOD1G93A rat model, we have observed a massive infiltration and degranulation of mast cells, starting after paralysis onset and correlating with progressive NMJ denervation. Remarkably, mast cells accumulated around degenerating motor axons and NMJs, and were also associated with macrophages. Mast cell accumulation and degranulation in paralytic EDL muscle was prevented by systemic treatment over 15 days with masitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently in clinical trials for ALS exhibiting pharmacological activity affecting mast cells and microglia. Masitinib-induced mast cell reduction resulted in a 35% decrease in NMJ denervation and reduced motor deficits as compared with vehicle-treated rats. Masitinib also normalized macrophage infiltration, as well as regressive changes in Schwann cells and capillary networks observed in advanced paralysis. These findings provide evidence for mast cell contribution to distal axonopathy and paralysis progression in ALS, a mechanism that can be therapeutically targeted by masitinib.
Optical physics of quantum wells (2020)

This chapter introduces quantum wells by discussing their basic physics, their structure, fabrication technologies, and their elementary linear optical properties. Many of the physical effects in quantum well structures can be seen at room temperature and can be exploited in real devices. All of the physics and devices that are based on properties of direct gap semiconductors near the center of the Brillouin zone. Quantum wells are one example of heterostructures–structures made by joining different materials, usually in layers, and with the materials joined directly at the atomic level. The chapter discusses only one class of effects, namely those related to optical absorption saturation near to the band-gap energy. The behaviour of the electro absorption for electric fields perpendicular to the quantum well layers is quite distinct from that in bulk semiconductors. The Self Electro-optic Effect Device principle is to combine a quantum well modulator with a photodetector to make an optically controlled device with an optical output.
Supplementary Figure 1 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells
Sensory profiles of commercial fruit juice drinks: influence of sweetener type (1998)

A vocabulary was developed for sensory profiling of fruit juice drinks. The experimental attributes included seven terms for appearance, 16 for aroma, 14 for flavour, six for aftertaste and four for mouthfeel. A panel of 15 trained, external assessors used the vocabulary to rate 12 commercial fruit juice drinks. The test stimuli included juice from blackcurrant, strawberry, apple and mixtures of apple and blackcurrant juice. The drinks were sweetened by natural sugars and by the non-nutritive sweeteners, saccharin, aspartame and acesulphame K. With one exception, every attribute was used by the panel of assessors to discriminate between the fruit juice drinks. Order of tasting effects were found for 25 out of 47 descriptors. Principal component analysis and sensory mapping were used to elucidate the key differences between samples. Differences were found both between fruit types and, to a lesser extent, within fruit types. Sweetener type had a marked influence on the perception of flavour, aftertaste and mouthfeel, irrespective of fruit type. © 1998 SCI.
Translocation t(8;16)(p11;p13) in Acute Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia: Report on Two New Cases and Review of the Literature (1996)

Two new cases of t(8;16)(p11;p13) in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) are described. These two patients in addition to the 34 previously described, showed a striking association with myelomonocytic (M4) or monocytic (M5) leukemia, extramedullary infiltration, erythrophagocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. One of our patients showed a TCRbeta gene rearrangement. Alltogether 36 cases of t(8;16) ANLL have been documented until today. We here review their clinical and cytogenetic features.
Matching gene activity with physiological functions (2002)

Matching the activity of the genes with biomechanics and physiology is an effective way to use cDNA microarray technology. Required are data on the change of activities of genes associated with specific physiological functions with respect to a continuous variable such as time. For each pair of data (gene and physiological function) as functions of time, we can compute a coefficient of correlation, R. The correlation is perfect if R is +1 or -1; it is nonexistent if R = 0. By evaluating R for every gene in a microarray, we can arrange the genes in the order of the number R, thus learning which genes are best correlated with the mechanical or physiological function. We illustrate this procedure by studying the blood vessels in the lung in response to pulmonary hypoxic hypertension, including the remodeling of vascular morphometry, the elastic moduli, and the zero-stress state of the vessel wall. For each physiological function, we identify the top genes that correlate the best. We found that different genes correlate best with a given function in large and small arteries, and that the genes in pulmonary veins which respond to arterial functions are different from those in pulmonary arteries. We found one set of genes matching the remodeling of arterial wall thickness, but another set of genes whose integral of activity over time best fit the wall thickness change. Our method can be used to study other thought-provoking problems.
Enhanced separation of Compound Xueshuantong capsule using functionalized carbon nanotubes with cationic surfactant solutions in MEEKC (2012)

A novel additive of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) dispersed with cationic surfactants or mixed cationic/anionic surfactants was used for MEEKC separation of eight phenolic compounds, four glycosides, and one phenanthraquinone. In this context, several parameters affecting MEEKC separation were studied, including the dispersion agents of MWNTs, MWNTs content, oil type, SDS concentration, and the type and concentration of cosurfactant. Compared with conventional MEEKC, the addition of all types of MWNTs dispersions using single or mixed cationic surfactant solutions in running buffers was especially useful for improving the separation of solutes tested, as they influenced the partitioning between the oil droplets and aqueous phase due to the exceptional electrical properties and large surface areas of MWNTs. Use of cationic surfactant-coated MWNTs (6.4 μg/mL) as the additive in a microemulsion buffer (0.5% octanol, 2.8% SDS, 5.8% isopropanol, and 5 mM borate buffer) yielded complete resolution of 13 analytes. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the detection and quantification of the studied compounds in a complex matrix sample (Compound Xueshuantong capsule).
Soluble Phenolic Compounds in Fresh and Ensiled Orchard Grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), a Common Species in Permanent Pastures with Potential as a Biomass Feedstock (2013)

High-value coproducts can greatly improve the feasibility of utilizing plant feedstocks for biorefining and biofuel production. Plant polyphenolics have potential application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Orchard grass varieties have been noted for accumulation of polyphenolic compounds, and the current study determined the soluble phenol profile and content in the orchard grass variety 'Abertop'. Hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids were monitored during the transition from vegetative to flowering stage at maximum crop yield. Caffeic acid derivatives, related to bioactives in the Asian medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza , and novel hydroxycinnamate-flavone conjugates were also identified in extracts. Harvest yields of hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids ranged from 2.6 to 4.0 kg/ha and from 2.1 to 5.1 kg/ha, respectively. Abundant compounds showed high levels of antioxidant activity comparable with that of trolox. Minimal changes in soluble phenol content and composition were observed after ensiling with the exception of increases in caffeic acid, a caffeic acid derivative, and a caffeic acid breakdown product, dihydroxystyrene.
A practical approach to Web-based Internet EDI (2003)

In traditional business environments, many inter-company processes (such as buying and billing) are performed using paper documents, such as purchase orders and invoices. Electronic data interchange (EDI) allows companies to exchange these documents in a structured and computer-processable format. This helps to automate and streamline business by eliminating or simplifying clerical tasks, speeding information transfer, reducing data errors, and eliminating business processes. Although EDI has been successfully employed in specific industries (such as retail) and in some large enterprises, it has not been widely adopted. The primary barriers to widespread acceptance of EDI are the costs of implementation and the costs of communication, which is frequently done using value-added networks (VANs). These costs are generally too high for companies that do not conduct large numbers of EDI transactions. We introduce a Web-based Internet EDI model that provides valued-added functions traditionally provided by EDI over VANs. In this model, users conduct business transactions using Java-capable browsers instead of traditional EDI software, eliminating the costs of VANs and EDI-related applications.
Performance bounds on parallel self-initiating discrete-event (1990)

The use is considered of massively parallel architectures to execute discrete-event simulations of what is termed self-initiating models. A logical process in a self-initiating model schedules its own state re-evaluation times, independently of any other logical process, and sends its new state to other logical processes following the re-evaluation. The interest is in the effects of that communication on synchronization. The performance is considered of various synchronization protocols by deriving upper and lower bounds on optimal performance, upper bounds on Time Warp's performance, and lower bounds on the performance of a new conservative protocol. The analysis of Time Warp includes the overhead costs of state-saving and rollback. The analysis points out sufficient conditions for the conservative protocol to outperform Time Warp. The analysis also quantifies the sensitivity of performance to message fan-out, lookahead ability, and the probability distributions underlying the simulation.
Errata: Benchmark for license plate character segmentation (2016)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
CFD Analysis of Thermally Stratified Flow and Heat Transfer in a PWR Pressurizer Surge Line (2008)

Temperature gradients in the thermally stratified fluid flowing through a pipe may cause undesirable excessive thermal stresses at the pipe wall in the axial, circumferential, and radial directions, which can eventually lead to damages such as deformation, support failure, thermal fatigue, cracking, etc. to the piping systems. Several nuclear power plants have so far experienced such unwelcome mechanical damages to the pressurizer surge lines, feedwater nozzle, high pressure safety injection lines, or residual heat removal lines. In this regard, to determine the transient temperature distributions in the wall of a piping system subjected to internally thermal stratification with accuracy is the essential prerequisite for the assessment of the structural integrity of the piping system subjected to internally thermal stratification. In this study, to predict the transient temperature distributions in the wall of PWR pressurizer surge line with a complex geometry of 3-dimensionally bent piping realistically, 3-dimensional transient CFD calculations involving the conjugate heat transfer analysis are performed for the actual PWR pressurizer surge line subjected to stratified internal flows either during out-surge or in-surge operation using a commercial CFD code. In addition, the wall temperature distributions obtained by taking account of the existence of wall thickness as it is are compared with those by neglecting the existence of wall thickness to identify some requirements for a realistic and conservative thermal analysis.
Polymorphic variation at the ‐202 locus in IGFBP3: Influence on serum levels of insulin‐like growth factors, interaction with plasma retinol and vitamin D and breast cancer risk (2003)

Previous reports have suggested an association between circulating IGFBP-3 levels and the risk of premenopausal breast cancer, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of IGFBP-3 (nucleotide -202) was shown to influence transcription. There is prior evidence that the action of antiproliferative agents such as retinoids and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) act in part by upregulating IGFBP3 gene expression. We identified 677 women with incident breast cancer and 834 matched controls from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and genotyped them at the -202 locus. For 943 of these women, we had previously measured IGF-I and IGFBP-3 plasma levels, and for 861 of these subjects, plasma retinol levels were available. Age-adjusted mean circulating IGFBP-3 levels were highest in the individuals with the AA genotype and decreased significantly in a stepwise manner in the presence of 1 or 2 copies of the C allele (4,426 ng/ml, 4,060 ng/ml and 3,697 ng/ml, respectively). We found a positive relation between age-adjusted IGFBP-3 levels and plasma retinol (14% difference in IGFBP-3 in top vs. bottom tertiles of retinol, p for trend < 0.001; Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.25), which was similar across genotypes at the -202 IGFBP3 locus (interaction term, F = 0.10, p = 0.91). Breast cancer risk was not significantly related to genotype at the -202 locus in our prospective analyses. We confirmed a relation between the -202 IGFBP3 polymorphism and IGFBP-3 serum levels and observed a positive correlation between circulating retinol levels and circulating IGFBP-3 levels, providing further evidence that retinoids may influence IGF physiology. Our data do not demonstrate a significant influence of this locus on breast cancer risk, but we cannot exclude a minor influence or an influence confined to subgroups.
<title>Spectral reproduction from scene to hardcopy: II. Image processing</title> (2000)

Traditional image processing techniques used for 3- and 4- band images are not suited to the many-band character of spectral images. A sparse multi-dimensional lookup table with inter-node interpolation is a typical image processing technique used for applying either a known model or an empirically derived mapping to an image. Such an approach for spectral images becomes problematic because input dimensionality of lookup tables is proportional to the number of source image bands and the size of lookup table sis exponentially related to the number of input dimensions. While an RGB or CMY source images would require a 3D lookup table, a 31-band spectral image would need a 31-dimensional lookup table. A 31-dimensional lookup table would be absurdly large. A novel approach to spectral image processing is explored. This approach combines a low-cost spectral analysis followed by application of one from a set of low-dimensional lookup tables. The method is computationally feasible and does not make excessive demands on disk space or run-time memory.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Dimensional analysis with C++ (1988)

Incorporating dimensional-analysis facilities in a language lets an environment detect an additional class of errors, but at the expense of requiring a change to the language you used. However, if the language you used has suitable data-abstraction facilities, most of the benefits of dimensional analysis can be had without changing the language. To demonstrate how to get these benefits, the authors use the data-abstraction facilities of C++ to implement dimensional analysis. C++ is an upwardly compatible extension of C that provides data-abstraction facilities called classes. The authors define a set of classes that allows the writing of programs with automatic checking of units (i.e. dimensional analysis) and automatic conversion between consistent (compatible or equivalent) units. They discuss the pros and cons of this approach and compare the advantage C++ has over Ada for implementing dimensional analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Investigation of the mechanism of contact guidance of neurite growth cones in magnetically-aligned collagen gels (2003)

We have studied the adhesion anisotropy hypothesis of neuronal contact guidance by culturing PC12 cells in magnetically-aligned collagen gels. Neurite contact guidance was compared between aligned collagen gels and gels aligned to the same degree but subsequently equilibrated in a solution of monoclonal anti-rat /spl alpha/1 integrin antibody that is known to inhibit rat PC12 neuritogenesis. Modulation of integrin binding would not affect the anisotropic mechanical properties of the aligned collagen network, but it would affect growth cone adhesion, which is anisotropic due to the aligned collagen fibrils. Contact guidance was quantified by measuring the length and orientation of neurite projection 48 hours after culture. We found no difference in the contact guidance response, implying that the contact guidance mechanism is not primarily due to anisotropic adhesion. Experiments are currently underway to investigate a mechanical anisotropy mechanism.
Build-up of the Spatial Coherence in a Discharge Pumped Table-top Soft X-ray Laser (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. C. Marconi, J. L. A. Chilla, C. H. Moreno, B. R. Benware, and J. J. Rocca, "Build-up of the Spatial Coherence in a Discharge Pumped Table-top Soft X-ray Laser," Optics & Photonics News 8(12), 25-26 (1997) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article