gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the General Applicability of Instruction-Set Randomization (2008)

We describe Instruction-Set Randomization (ISR), a general approach for safeguarding systems against any type of code-injection attack. We apply Kerckhoffs' principle to create OS process-specific randomized instruction sets (e.g., machine instructions) of the system executing potentially vulnerable software. An attacker who does not know the key to the randomization algorithm will inject code that is invalid for that (randomized) environment, causing a runtime exception. Our approach is applicable to machine-language programs and scripting and interpreted languages. We discuss three approaches (protection for Intel x86 executables, Perl scripts, and SQL queries), one from each of the above categories. Our goal is to demonstrate the generality and applicability of ISR as a protection mechanism. Our emulator-based prototype demonstrates the feasibility ISR for x86 executables and should be directly usable on a suitably modified processor. We demonstrate how to mitigate the significant performance impact of emulation-based ISR by using several heuristics to limit the scope of randomized (and interpreted) execution to sections of code that may be more susceptible to exploitation. The SQL prototype consists of an SQL query-randomizing proxy that protects against SQL injection attacks with no changes to database servers, minor changes to CGI scripts, and with negligible performance overhead. Similarly, the performance penalty of a randomized Perl interpreter is minimal. Where the performance impact of our proposed approach is acceptable (i.e., in an already-emulated environment, in the presence of programmable or specialized hardware, or in interpreted languages), it can serve as a broad protection mechanism and complement other security mechanisms.
Potentiation of L-Dopa-Induced Behavioral Excitement by Histamine H1-Receptor Antagonists in Mice (1996)

Effects of histamine H1-receptor antagonists on L-dopa-induced behavioral excitement were examined in mice to confirm behaviorally the inhibition of dopamine uptake by these compounds. L-Dopa (100-300 mg/kg, s.c.) combined with pargyline hydrochloride (80 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a dose-dependent behavioral excitement. The marked excitement induced by L-dopa (300 mg/kg) plus pargyline was significantly inhibited by pimozide (0.1 - 1 mg/kg, s.c.), a selective dopamine antagonist. Tripelennamine (10 mg/kg, s.c.), d-chlorpheniramine (1 and 2 mg/kg, s.c.), homochlorcyclizine (2 and 5 mg/kg, s.c.), diphenhydramine (2 and 5 mg/kg, s.c.) and mepyramine (2 and 5 mg/kg, s.c.) each markedly enhanced the moderate behavioral excitement induced by L-dopa (150 mg/kg) plus pargyline. These findings are behavioral evidence for inhibition of dopamine uptake by H1 antagonists, which has been suggested by neurochemical studies.
Formulation and evaluation of ATP-containing liposomes including lactosylated ASGPr ligand (2009)

An original ligand (Lac-10-Chol) designed to interact with asialoglycoprotein receptors to potentially target hepatocyte was synthesised by grafting a lactose head to a cholesteryl structure, which was then included in liposomes. Preliminary formulation tests led to the selection of conventional formulations based on soybean phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/DOTAP (+/- DOPE) (+/- Lac-10-Chol) that present reproducible absolute entrapment value (1.45 +/- 0.10%), with a size of 109 +/- 7 nm and a slight positive charge (3.77 +/- 1.59 mV). Cell viability (via the MTT test), expressed as the percentage of nontreated cells in HepG2 cells, was very close to the control. Internalization tests evidenced an intracellular penetration of fluorescent liposomes, but no specific ligand effect was demonstrated (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, regarding the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay, a slight increase was obtained with liposome loaded with ATP incorporating Lac-10-chol after 24 hours (P < 0.05).
The Acceptability and Efficacy of Electronic Data Collection in a Hospital Neurodevelopmental Clinic: Pilot Questionnaire Study (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> There is a growing need for cost-efficient and patient-centered approaches to support families in hospital- and community-based neurodevelopmental services. For such purposes, electronic data collection (EDC) may hold advantages over paper-based data collection. Such EDC approaches enable automated data collection for scoring and interpretation, saving time for clinicians and services and promoting more efficient service delivery. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of EDC for the Child Development Unit, a hospital-based diagnostic assessment clinic in the Sydney Children’s Hospital Network. Caregiver response rates and preference for EDC or paper-based methods were evaluated as well as the moderating role of demographic characteristics such as age, level of education, and ethnic background. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Families were sent either a paper-based questionnaire via post or an electronic mail link for completion before attending their first on-site clinic appointment for assessment. A total of 62 families were provided a paper version of the questionnaire, while 184 families were provided the online version of the same questionnaire. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Completion rates of the questionnaire before the first appointment were significantly higher for EDC (164/184, 89.1%) in comparison to paper-based methods (24/62, 39%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Within the EDC group, a vast majority of respondents indicated a preference for completing the questionnaire online (151/173, 87.3%), compared to paper completion (22/173, 12.7%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Of the caregiver demographic characteristics, only the respondent’s level of education was associated with modality preference, such that those with a higher level of education reported a greater preference for EDC (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.04). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> These results show that EDC is feasible in hospital-based clinics and has the potential to offer substantial benefits in terms of centralized data collation, time and cost savings, efficiency of service, and resource allocation. The results of this study therefore support the continued use of electronic methods to improve family-centered care in clinical practices. </sec>
Bis(pyridylimino)isoindolato−Iridium Complexes as Epoxidation Catalysts for Alkenes (2011)

The reaction of the sodium salts of ligands 1a,b (1a = 1,3-bis(2-(5-(3,5-xylyl)pyridyl)imino)-5,6-dimethylisoindole, 1b = 1,3-bis(2-(4-tert-butylpyridyl)imino)-5,6-dimethylisoindole) with [Ir(μ-Cl)(COD)]2 (COD = cyclooctadiene) and [Ir(μ-Cl)(C2H4)2]2 afforded the corresponding isoindolato complexes [{BPI(1a,b)}IrI(COD)] (2a,b) and [{BPI(1a,b)}IrI(C2H4)2] (3a,b), respectively. The catalytic activity of the complexes 2a,b was tested in the epoxidation of a wide range of non-electron-rich olefins, using PPO (PPO = 3-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,2-oxaziridine) as oxidizing agent, giving the corresponding epoxides in moderate to high yields.
Fault Monitoring of Chemical Process Based on Sliding Window Wavelet DenoisingGLPP (2021)

In industrial process fault monitoring, it is very important to collect accurate data, but in the actual process, there are often various noises that are difficult to eliminate in the collected data due to sensor accuracy, measurement errors, or human factors. Existing statistical process monitoring methods often ignore the problem of data noise. To solve this problem, a sliding window wavelet denoising-global local preserving projections (SWWD-GLPP) process monitoring method is proposed. In the offline stage, the wavelet denoising method is used to denoise the offline data, and then, the GLPP method is used for offline modeling, and then, the control limit is obtained by the kernel density estimation method. In the online phase, the sliding window wavelet denoising method is used to denoise the online data in real time. Then, use the model of the GLPP method to find the statistics, compare them with the control limit, judge the fault situation, and finally, use the contribution graph method to determine the variable that caused the fault, so as to diagnose the fault. This article uses a numerical case to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, using the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process to compare the traditional principal component analysis (PCA) and GLPP methods to further prove the effectiveness and superiority of the method.
Custom-designed arrays of anodic alumina nanochannels with individually tunable pore sizes (2014)

We demonstrate a process to selectively tune the pore size of an individual nanochannel in an array of high-aspect-ratio anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels in which the pore sizes were originally uniform. This novel process enables us to fabricate arrays of AAO nanochannels of variable sizes arranged in any custom-designed geometry. The process is based on our ability to selectively close an individual nanochannel in an array by using focused ion beam (FIB) sputtering, which leads to redeposition of the sputtered material and closure of the nanochannel with a capping layer of a thickness depending on the energy of the FIB. When such a partially capped array is etched in acid, the capping layers are dissolved after different time delays due to their different thicknesses, which results in differences in the time required for the following pore-widening etching processes and therefore creates an array of nanochannels with variable pore sizes. The ability to fabricate such AAO templates with high-aspect-ratio nanochannels of tunable sizes arranged in a custom-designed geometry paves the way for the creation of nanophotonic and nanoelectronic devices.
Design and implementation of 0.7 to 7 GHz broadband double-ridged horn antenna (2014)

In this paper, simulation and measurement results of 0.7-7 GHz double-ridged guide horn (DRGH) antenna with coaxial input feed section is presented. This antenna, due to the large frequency band required by standards, is appropriate to be used in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing and antenna measurement as a transmitter. A step by step method for designing DRGH antenna is given. A suitable taper for the ridges in the horn is designed and its impedance variations along the horn are shown. In addition, a new structure for the electrical field probe in the feed section is introduced by which a shift-down of lower frequency to 0.7 GHz is achieved. A sensitivity analysis is done on the parameters of the proposed structure. Other parameters of the feed section are also investigated and optimized values are obtained. Finally, the proposed antenna has been fabricated and measurement results show good agreement with the simulation.
UWB considerations for "my personal global adaptive network" (MAGNET) systems (2004)

This paper outlines the role of ultrawideband (UWB) technology in the core of personal networks. An overview of existing UWB technologies is given, and two promising candidates for low data rate (1-100 kb/s) and medium data rate (100 kb/s-10 Mb/s) are treated in more detail: a time domain impulse radio approach and a novel constant envelope FM approach - UWBFM. Finally, examples of circuit implementations for impulse radio are presented.
Four-port beam reconfigurable antenna array for pattern diversity system (2012)

This study investigates a practical design for a switched beam planar antenna that can be implemented as a compact, low-cost switchable and/or reconfigurable beam antenna array. The antenna consists of a four-port antenna array, which is based on L-shaped quarter-wavelength slot antenna elements. This type of antenna array is a planar structure and its maximum directional radiation beam pattern presents in an azimuth plane covering 360°. The antenna array operates based on the ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ states of PIN diodes in each individual slot antenna element and the combined signals from the four-port output. Therefore by properly controlling the state of the PIN diodes, the antenna exposes its characteristics of switchable/reconfigurable beam patterns in the Φ-plane. To validate the proposed design, a small smart, switched-beam antenna operating at 2.7 GHz in multiple input-multiple output applications is simulated and fabricated.
Impact of and protection against failures of the LHC injection kickers (2003)

The LHC injection systems consist of horizontally deflecting steel septum magnets and vertically deflecting kickers. A mobile beam stopper is placed downstream of the kickers for setting up with single bunches and to protect the superconducting machine elements during normal injection in the event of a malfunctioning of the kickers. The effects of various potential kicker failures and their impact on the machine have been investigated. The injection parameters, the design principles of the stopper and additional protection measures are discussed.
Imaging agents for in vivo magnetic resonance and scintigraphic imaging (2023)

Methods are provided for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and/or scintigraphic imaging of a subject using chelated transition metal and lanthanide metal complexes. Novel ligands for these complexes are provided.
Ultranarrow Photoluminescence Line In 1.3–1.55 μm Of Single InAs/InP Quantum Dots (2005)

Micro‐photoluminescence spectroscopy and photon correlation measurement have been performed at telecommunication wavelength using single InAs/InP quantum dot. The single quantum dots were developed through a ‘double‐cap’ growth technique using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. They show an ultranarrow luminescence line over a wide spectral range of the optical telecommunication band. A non‐classical light emission from an isolated quantum dot was clearly observed at 1277.1 nm in the O‐band (1.3 μm) through a single‐mode optical fiber.
Minority Carrier Injection in High-Barrier Si-Schottky Diodes (2018)

In this paper, we investigate the presence of minority carriers and their role in charge carrier transport in silicon (Si) Schottky diodes with a high potential barrier. Using TCAD simulations along with an analytical model, we show that an inversion charge is induced at the metal-semiconductor (MS) interface in a high-barrier Schottky diode which imparts bipolar-type current characteristics to otherwise a unipolar Schottky diode, even at low-injection operation. In such a high-barrier diode, minority diffusion also becomes important along with the majority carrier thermionic emission and therefore cannot be neglected, unlike in a conventional Schottky diode. The presence of minority carriers at low injection in a high-barrier Si Schottky diode has been experimentally verified via a prior-reported two-diode electrical test method, reverse recovery measurements, and by measuring infrared electroluminescence. It is also shown, via TCAD simulations, that the diffusion component becomes more pronounced in case of a reduced Gummel number and at elevated temperatures.
Sensibilisierte UV-Laserphotolyse von Azolkanen: Einflüsse der Konformation auf Spinumkehr und Lebensdauer von Triplettdiradikalen (1985)

Die Bestätigung der Theorie von Salem und Rowland, daß die Stellung der Radikalorbitale die Lebensdauern von Triplettiradikalen Bestimmen, gelang durch Abfangen der Diradikale la-lc als Peroxide. Die Lebensdauer nimmt von la nach lc um mehr als vier Zehnerpotenzen ab.
Red blood cell storage in additive solution‐7 preserves energy and redox metabolism: a metabolomics approach (2015)

AS-7 formulation (chloride free and bicarbonate loading) appears to improve energy and redox metabolism in stored RBCs in the early storage period, and the differences, though diminished, are still appreciable by Day 42. Energy metabolism and free fatty acids should be investigated as potentially important determinants for preservation of RBC structure and function. Future studies will be aimed at identifying metabolites that correlate with in vitro and in vivo circulation times.
Robust frame-based watermarking for digital video (2002)

Opening digital archives to the access of a large and spread variety of parties appears to depend on the development of more effective solutions for the transfer of rights, the protection of intellectual property and the access to digital libraries. A possible solution envisages the use of digital watermarking of multimedia works. In this paper a watermarking algorithm originally conceived for still images applications, is extended to raw video, treating it as a set of still frames. A good robustness against common image processing and geometric manipulations was achieved. Moreover, experiments with MPEG2 coding/decoding at different bit rates were carried out giving positive results.
Photodissociation of the Fluorene Cation:  A Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometric Study (2001)

The photodecomposition of the vapor phase fluorene cation has been studied using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) mass spectrometry. Broad-band visible and ultraviolet irradiation for relatively short times (∼0.5 s) is shown to lead predominantly to sequential hydrogen atom loss, with one to five hydrogens lost. A relatively minor decomposition route for several precursor ions is the loss of H2 (or 2H atoms). Longer irradiation times lead to various products resulting from multiple C−C bond cleavages. The “action” spectrum for the m/z 166 → 165 process reveals two major electronic absorption bands which correlate well with a previous matrix absorption spectrum of the parent ion. The C13H+10-n (n = 0−5) species have been isolated in the ICR mass spectrometer, irradiated further, and their photodecomposition followed kinetically. Solution of the appropriate coupled differential equations that govern the kinetics has enabled fits to the experimental data. Rate constants and branching ratios for the photodecomposition of fluorene and its dehydrogenated partner ions have been determined. The photoproduct ions observed suggest rapid isomerization in some excited states with ring openings playing a possible role in certain decomposition pathways.
Impact of design and selection of prefilters on operating cost (1997)

Biopharmaceutical companies are increasingly concerned with issues related to bringing products to market quickly and economically. Factors affecting time-to-market include product and process development, regulatory compliance and approval. The review focuses on clarification and prefiltration technology, factors critical to the selection and design of filtration trains, and their impact on line economies.
A double-monoclonal immunoenzymometric assay for alpha 1-fetoprotein modified for increased analytical precision. (1987)

We modified a one-step, two-site, double monoclonal immunoenzymometric assay (Abbott Laboratories) for serum alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP) to increase its sensitivity and improve test precision at the low end. We increased sample size, incubation interval, and reaction time and temperature, and decreased the final reaction volume. Interassay CVs for the modified method ranged from 6.2 to 8.0% for mean concentrations of AFP in serum of 5.2 to 34.2 micrograms/L--substantially better than those for the unmodified monoclonal method--and agreed well with those of the comparison method (modified Abbott polyclonal immunoenzymometric assay). AFP values by the modified monoclonal procedure (y) correlated well with results by the polyclonal method (x): y = 0.983x + 1.84 micrograms/L (r = 0.927, n = 59). The detection limit of the modified monoclonal test was 0.2 microgram/L, as compared with 1.0 and 1.4 micrograms/L, respectively, for the modified polyclonal and the unmodified monoclonal procedures. We recommend using the modified monoclonal method for monitoring cancer patients with low tumor burden.
Tunable telephoto: governable Fourier spectrum anamorphic scaling (2021)

We discuss the Gaussian design of a device that controls the scale, in an anamorphic fashion, of Fraunhofer diffraction patterns. The device uses two pairs of varifocal cylindrical lenses. For spherical lenses, the optical powers can be predicted by using a previously known high-level solution. We emphasize the anamorphic capabilities, by considering the case M y = 1/ M x . The proposed device does not introduce vignetting, and it does not alter the axial location of the Fraunhofer diffraction patterns. Since the composing elements work at fixed inter-lens separation, the device does not require mechanical compensation.
An Effective Web Image Searching Engine Based on SIFT Feature Matching (2009)

This paper provides a Web content-based image searching engine based on SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) feature matching. SIFT descriptors, which are invariant to image scaling and transformation and rotation, and partially invariant to illumination changes and affine, present the local features of an image. Therefore, feature keypoints can be extracted more accurately by using SIFT than color, texture, shape and spatial relations feature. To decrease unavailable features matching, a dynamic probability function replaces the original fixed value to determine the similarity distance and database from training images. Then, by using pretreatment of the source images, the keypoints will be stored to the XMI format, which can improve the searching performance. Finally, the results displayed to the user through the HTML The experimental results show that this method improves the stability and precision of image searching engine.
Involvement of Caspase-3 Activity and Survivin Downregulation in Cinobufocini-Induced Apoptosis in A 549 Cells (2009)

Cinobufocini injection is a preparation containing water-soluble components of the toad skin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549 induced by cinobufocini. A 549 or HLF-1(human lung fibroblast) cells were treated with cinobufocini at different concentrations for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The proliferation of cells was detected with the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Morphology of cells was carried out with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and Hoechst 33258 staining. The apoptosis rate was examined by flow cytometry. The expression of survivin was examined with RT-PCR and Western blot assay. The caspase-3 and caspase-7 activities were detected with caspase colorimetric protease assay. We found that cinobufocini significantly inhibited tumor growth of A 549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner without damaging non-cancerous cells (HLF-1) and induced granular apoptotic bodies of A 549 cells. Next, cinobufocini increased the percentage of cells in G1 phase and decreased the percentage of cells in S phase in A 549 cells. Furthermore, cinobufocini downregulated the expression of survivin mRNA and protein. Finally, cinobufocini upregulated caspase-3 activity. We concluded that cinobufocini induces apoptosis of A 549 cells, which is associated with the decreasing expression of survivin mRNA and protein, increasing caspase-3 activity of A 549 cells.