gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum-dot cellular automata: computing with coupled quantum dots (1999)

Abstract We discuss novel nanoelectronic architecture paradigms based on cells composed of coupled quantum-dots. Boolean logic functions may be implemented in specific arrays of cells representing binary information, the so-called quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA). Cells may also be viewed as carrying analogue information and we outline a network-theoretic description of such quantum-dot nonlinear networks (Q-CNN). In addition, we discuss possible realizations of these structures in a variety of semiconductor systems (including GaAs/AlGaAs, Si/SiGe, and Si/SiO2), rings of metallic tunnel junctions, and candidates for molecular implementations. We report the experimental demonstration of all the necessary elements of a QCA cell, including direct measurement of the charge polarization of a double-dot system, and direct control of the polarization of those dots via single electron transitions in driver dots. Our experiments are the first demonstration of a single electron controlled by single electrons.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2,3‐BENZO‐1‐OXAOCTEM‐4‐CARBOXYLIC ACID (1981)

Abstract Aus dem Hydantoin‐Derivat (I) wird nach Hydrolyse, Veresterung und Thioformylierung mit dem Thioameisenester (II) das Aminosäurederivat (III) erhalten.
Drifting buoy for autonomous measurement of river environment (2009)

The real-time remote measurement of riverine conditions including depth, temperature, and current speed as a function of position will provide valuable information to support river modeling and monitoring of a river's change conditions. QinetiQ North America (QNA), formerly Planning Systems Incorporated, has designed and tested a Riverine Drifter to collect and provide river parameters without extensive personnel involvement as the drifter flows with the river current. This paper will discuss the capabilities and preliminary test results.
Blockade of TRPM7 Alleviates Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Articular Cartilage Damage in the Adjuvant Arthritis Rat Model Through Regulation of the Indian Hedgehog Signaling Pathway (2021)

Articular cartilage damage with subsequent impairment of joint function is a common feature of articular diseases, in particular, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. While articular cartilage injury mediated by chondrocyte apoptosis is a known major pathological feature of arthritis, the specific mechanisms remain unclear at present. Transient receptor potential melastatin-like seven channel (TRPM7) is reported to play an important regulatory role in apoptosis. This study focused on the effects of TRPM7 on arthritic chondrocyte injury and its underlying mechanisms of action. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced rat primary chondrocyte apoptosis and rat adjuvant arthritis (AA) were used as <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models, respectively. Blockage of TRPM7 with 2-APB or specific siRNA resulted in increased chondrocyte viability and reduced toxicity of SNP. Moreover, treatment with 2-APB enhanced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and reduced cleaved PARP and IL-6, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 expression in SNP-treated chondrocytes. Activation of Indian Hedgehog with purmorphamine reversed the protective effects of 2-APB on SNP-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. Blockage of TRPM7 with 2-APB relieved the clinical signs of AA in the rat model and reduced the arthritis score and paw swelling. Similar to findings in SNP-treated chondrocytes, 2-APB treatment increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and suppressed cleaved PARP, IL-6, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, TRPM7, and Indian hedgehog expression in articular cartilage of AA rats. Our collective findings suggest that blockade of TRPM7 could effectively reduce chondrocyte apoptosis and articular cartilage damage in rats with adjuvant arthritis through regulation of the Indian Hedgehog signaling pathway.
Prenatal Substance Exposure: Associations with Neurodevelopment in Middle Childhood (2023)

· The neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal polysubstance exposure are poorly understood.. · Children with prenatal polysubstance exposure exhibited reduced IQ and elevated problem behavior.. · We found significant behavior problems in children with average PIQ and below-average VIQ.. · This may represent a unique endophenotype related to prenatal nicotine exposure..
Abstract 126: Stent-based Gene Therapy of Restenosis with an Oxidation-resistant Apolipoprotein A1 Mutant (2019)

Background: The efflux of cholesterol from the vessel wall by apoA1 together with its anti-inflammatory properties, inhibitory effects on SMC and stimulation of EC allude to the potential therapeutic effects of apoA1 in prevention of in-stent restenosis (ISR). The local delivery of apoA1, as a protein may be impractical due to limited delivery capacity and rapid elimination. Moreover, apoA1 in an atherosclerotic vessel is prone to oxidative modifications by myeloperoxidase with the loss of functionality. Our work pursues a gene therapy of ISR with stent-immobilized adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) overexpressing an apoA1 variant (4WFapoA1) that was rendered oxidation-resistant by substituting 4 Trp with Phe. The objectives of this study were 1) to examine effectiveness of AAV mediated 4WF apoA1 gene transfer in cholesterol efflux under normal and pro-oxidative conditions, and 2) to develop an animal model to study the beneficial effects of gene delivery of 4WF ApoA1 from a stent platform in vivo. Methods: HEK293 cells were transduced with AAV expressing wild type (wt) or 4WF apoA1. RAW264.7 M were loaded with 3 H-labeled cholesterol and treated with HEK-conditioned media to assess cholesterol efflux. AAV were attached to the stents via anti-AAV antibodies. Atherosclerosis was modeled in hypercholesterolemic diabetic (HCD) pigs for 6 months prior to coronary stenting with AAV-GFP stents or bare metal stents (BMS). Results: 4WF apoA1 produced in HEK promoted uptake of cholesterol from M comparable to wt apoA1 and demonstrated preserved activity in the presence of oxidative conditions modeled with hypochlorous acid (HOCL) exposure, whereas efflux capabilities of wt apoA1 were reduced 10 fold after incubation with HOCl. Immunochemistry revealed ox-trp72 epitope in atherosclerotic coronary arteries of HCD pigs validating the oxidative inactivation of apoA1 in this model. GFP expression in the AAV-GFP stent treated arteries was shown with Western blot. ISR occurred in HCD coronaries with 48.3±3.60% and 42.2±5.96% occlusion in BMS- and AAV-GFP-treated arteries, respectively. AAV-4WF results are pending. Conclusion: These findings suggest that 4WF mutated apoA1 is a promising candidate for stent based gene therapy of ISR in the HCD pig model.
CaaX‐Protein Prenyltransferase Inhibitors (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction CaaX-Prenyltransferases Structure and Mechanism CaaX-Prenyltransferase Inhibitors Preclinical Activity Clinical Activity FTIs as Anti-Infective Agents Conclusion References
<title>High-speed laser chemical vapor deposition of amorphous carbon fibers, stacked conductive coils, and folded helical springs</title> (1999)

This paper reports advances in high-pressure, 3D laser chemical vapor deposition, which may be used to prototype insulating and metallic high-aspect-ratio microstructures. In this case, carbon was grown from ethylene at pressures of 1-11 bar; fine free-standing fibers of diamond-like carbon were grown at linear rates exceeding 120,000 microns per second. This record-setting growth rate allows the computer- controlled prototyping of centimeter-scale structures in only 15-20 minutes. The volumetric growth rate is scalable in pressure and laser power so that, with a single tool, micron-size details may be deposited as readily as large objects. The morphology, diameter, and steady-state growth rate of the carbon fibers were mapped versus the input laser power, the pre-cursor pressure, and the gas flow rate. Using a rotating mandrel, helical, tapered, and folded coils were grown at rates of 10-25 micrometers /s. Flat carbon coils were also grown by steadily increasing the radius of the laser focus from the mandrel while maintaining a constant tangential velocity. Tungsten fibers and single crystals were also grown from WF<SUB>6</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> gas mixtures.
A novel germline mutation in GP1BA gene in family with hereditary macrothrombocytopenia (2019)

Hereditary thrombocytopenias are a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders, associated with approximately 30 causal genes involved in the process of megakaryopoesis and thrombopoesis. Pathological mutations lead to disruption of these processes and origin of thrombocytopenia.
Laser Multi-Pass Narrow-Gap Welding – A Promising Technology for Joining Thick-Walled Components of Future Power Plants (2019)

Today, the average worldwide efficiency of coal-fired power plants stands at about 33 percent. The consistent use of state of the art technologies would enable an increase of the average efficiency of up to 47 percent and thus a sharp reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The importance of improvements in this field becomes apparent when reviewing e.g. plans in Europe in 2017 for new power plants to be built across the continent. About 44 percent of the envisaged 153 gigawatts are still to be generated by fossil-fuel power plants [1]. One technical solution is to increase the steam turbine inlet temperature to 700°C. This, however, requires the use of nickel-based superalloys. Only these alloys satisfy all the requirements with regard to high-temperature, corrosion and oxidation resistance and creep behavior [2], [3]. Due to their relatively poor machinability, forgeability and high material costs compared to the steel-based alloys they are to replace, a more effective welding technology is needed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional welding technologies, i.e. large quantities of filler metal required and high energy input per unit length resulting in distortion and the potential reduction of high-temperature properties.
Fault Analysis of Wind Turbines Based on Error Messages and Work Orders (2012)

In this paper data describing the operation and maintenance of an offshore wind farm is presented and analysed. Two different sets of data is presented; the first is auto generated error messages from the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, the other is the work orders describing the service performed at the individual turbines. The auto generated alarms are analysed by applying a cleaning procedure to identify the alarms related to components.<br/>A severity, occurrence, and detection analysis is performed on the work orders. The outcome of the two analyses are then compared to identify common fault types and areas where further data analysis would be beneficial for improving the operation and maintenance of wind turbines in the future.<br/>
Photoresponse and electroresponse of polymer light-emitting diodes (1995)

We have studied the photoresponse and electroresponse of light emitting diodes (LEDs) made from a variety of soluble conducting polymers sandwiched between indium tin oxide (ITO) and metals including calcium, aluminum and copper. Under illumination all freshly prepared LEDs exhibit relatively large photoconductive current-voltage (I-V) responses which cross the dark I-V curve at a forward-bias voltage V<SUB>0</SUB> that scales with the difference in the work functions between the ITO and metal electrodes. This causes the open-circuit voltage to easily saturate at V<SUB>0</SUB> and consequently to be temperature independent, in contrast to the properties of the photovoltaic effect exhibited by conventional Schottky-barrier type photodiodes. Some LEDs, prepared under less ideal conditions exhibit I-V curve, electroluminescence (EL) intensity-voltage (I<SUB>EL</SUB>-V) curve, an EL spectra identical in forward and reverse bias. The I-V curves were also symmetric under illumination, with I approximately equal to 0 at V equals 0, suggesting a negligibly small internal electric field. These diodes are discussed in relation to Fermi-level pinning at defect states in the interfaces between the polymer and the electrodes.
Life On Point Youth Development Program Outcomes (2014)

The Life On Point youth development program has the goal of equipping youths with life skills and personal assets that promote their positive development and help them avoid risk behaviors. The program is one of several widely used Positive Youth Development programs, with the program implemented by over 80 schools and community groups in 15 states. While the program has been evaluated routinely by collecting pre- and post-program data from the youth participants, the study reported here is based on the program’s first external evaluation following an experimental design. This experimental evaluation found significant positive differences among program participants in comparison to control group participants on measures of the program’s targeted outcomes, both in terms of statistical significance and substantial effect sizes. The original version of the Life On Point curriculum, Road to Excellence Leadership Development Program, was developed in 1998, a time when asset-based approaches to youth development programming were supplanting
Quantum Chemistry on Graphical Processing Units. 2. Direct Self-Consistent-Field (SCF) Implementation (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVErratumORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionQuantum Chemistry on Graphical Processing Units. 2. Direct Self-Consistent-Field (SCF) ImplementationIvan S. Ufimtsev and Todd J. Martinez*Cite this: J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2009, 5, 11, 3138Publication Date (Web):October 27, 2009Publication History Received14 August 2009Published online27 October 2009Published inissue 10 November 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ct900433ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ct900433gcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1068Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (29 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factors affecting willow leaf beetles ( Phratora vulgatissima ) when selecting overwintering sites (2006)

Abstract Leaf beetles are major pests in willow plantations used as short‐rotation coppice for biomass production. The beetles overwinter mainly outside the plantations. An understanding of the factors affecting adult leaf beetles seeking overwintering sites may provide information that could be valuable when developing methods to control the beetles. We conducted a field experiment in a willow plantation with a high abundance of the leaf beetle, Phratora vulgatissima . We positioned overwintering constructions (OWCs) made out of bundles of reed ( Phragmites australis ) outside the plantation. Leaf beetles preferred (i) to fly towards silhouettes; (ii) OWCs positioned 1.5 m above the ground compared with ones 0.5 m above the ground; (iii) OWCs orientated vertically compared with OWCs orientated horizontally; and (iv) reeds of a diameter of approximately 5 mm. Leaf beetle size was not correlated with reed diameter. It is concluded that the leaf beetle P. vulgatissima selects an overwintering site based on factors at both larger and smaller scales. The possibilities for using OWCs made of reed bundles as tools to monitor and control are discussed.
Tetrahydrofuran amino acids: Secondary structure in tetrameric and octameric carbopeptoids derived from a D-allo 5-(aminomethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (2000)

The synthesis of a D-allo-5-(azidomethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylate as an amino acid precursor (in which the carboxylic acid is cis to the azidomethyl substituent and trans to the diol moiety) is reported from D-ribose. The oligomerisation of this monomer to dimeric, tetrameric and octameric carbopeptoids is described. NMR studies into the solution structures of cyclohexylidene-protected oligomers and of a deprotected tetramer with eight free hydroxy groups are described.
Electricity demand forecasting using Gaussian processes (2013)

We present an electricity demand forecasting algorithm based on Gaussian processes. By introducing a task-specific, custom covariance function kpower, which in-corporates all available seasonal information as well as weather data, we are able to make accurate predic-tions of power consumption and renewable energy pro-duction. The hyper-parameters of the Gaussian process are optimized automatically using marginal likelihood maximization. There are no parameters to be specified by the user. We evaluate the prediction performance on simulated data and get superior results compared to a simple baseline method.
Efficiency in the Serverless Cloud Computing Paradigm: A Survey Study. (2021)

Serverless computing along with Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) are forming a new computing paradigm that is anticipated to found the next generation of cloud systems. The popularity of this paradigm is due to offering a highly transparent infrastructure that enables user applications to scale in the granularity of their functions. Since these often small and single-purpose functions are managed on shared computing resources behind the scene, a great potential for computational reuse and approximate computing emerges that if unleashed, can remarkably improve the efficiency of serverless cloud systems -- both from the user's QoS and system's (energy consumption and incurred cost) perspectives. Accordingly, the goal of this survey study is to, first, unfold the internal mechanics of the serverless computing and, second, explore the scope for efficiency within this paradigm via studying function reuse and approximation approaches and discussing the pros and cons of each one. Next, we outline potential future research directions within this paradigm that can either unlock new use cases or make the paradigm more efficient.
Évolution de la texture d’un oxyde de cérium à haute température. II. Influence de la vapeur d’eau, de l’oxygène et du dopage aux ions Si4+ et Al3+ (1994)

L’étude cinétique de l’évolution texturale d’un oxyde de cérium est possible en considérant séparément chacun des deux processus parallèles : perte de microporosité et grossissement des cristallites. L’influence de la composition en vapeur d’eau et oxygène de l’atmosphère de calcination sur leur vitesse est déterminée expérimentalement. La vapeur d’eau accélère la chute de la surface microporeuse, la vitesse spécifique étant en accord avec un mécanisme basé sur la diffusion d’ions hydroxyles.
Tissue mimicking material and image artifacts in intravascular elastography (2002)

Intravascular ultrasound is being investigated as a tool for imaging the local elasticity of atherosclerotic vessels: obtaining images of the compression modulus is the ultimate goal. In practice, radial strain is used to depict local hardness: this simplification causes artifacts that must be understood or corrected. Phantoms mimicking vessels with atherosclerotic lesions were constructed using agar-gelatin gels. The mechanical properties of these gels were investigated. Gels with varying compression moduli were made using a gelatin solution (8% by weight) with a variable amount of agar (1%-3% by weight). The modulus is determined using a dynamic mechanical analyser. The modulus is strongly dependent on the age and the actual temperature of the samples. By varying the agar concentration, compression moduli spanning a useful range for vascular phantom construction can be achieved. Phantom studies and finite element modelling were used to describe and characterise artifacts. In simple morphologies compensation for the artifacts may be possible, but complex morphologies require complex compensations. In these cases, the finite element method can assist in a correct interpretation of local tissue hardness from strain images.
A new look at experimental herpes simplex eye disease: preliminary results of clinical disease in the NIH mouse after zosteriform spread. (1986)

Following the discovery by Tullo et al that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) can reach the eye by zosteriform spread after inoculation into the cutaneous field of the trigeminal ganglion, this model has been adapted to the NIH strain of inbred mouse. Clinical disease in the NIH mouse after snout inoculation includes skin disease, mydriasis, iritis and keratitis.
Polishing methods for the lens capsule: Histology and scanning electron microscopy (1994)

Capsule opacification occurs when lens epithelial cells remains on the capsule after extracapsular cataract surgery. The cells divide and form fibers. The best way to prevent opacification is to remove all epithelial cells from the capsule. Our study compared the efficacy of different mechanical polishing methods in eyes in which cataracts were removed by endocapsular phacoemulsification through a miniature capsulorhexis. The capsular bag was polished using one of five techniques: metallic scrapers, silicone scrapers, Rentsch capsule curettes, irrigation/aspiration tip, or ultrasound irrigation/aspiration tip. Then a circular central portion of the anterior capsule was removed and processed for histology and scanning electron microscopy. A control group comprised unpolished central anterior capsules obtained by capsulorhexis before or after endophacoemulsification. The cleanest capsules were obtained by polishing with the ultrasound irrigation/aspiration tip.
Nanomaterials as Analytical Tools for Genosensors (2010)

Nanomaterials are being increasingly used for the development of electrochemical DNA biosensors, due to the unique electrocatalytic properties found in nanoscale materials. They offer excellent prospects for interfacing biological recognition events with electronic signal transduction and for designing a new generation of bioelectronic devices exhibiting novel functions. In particular, nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Pt), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots and metal oxide nanoparticles have been actively investigated for their applications in DNA biosensors, which have become a new interdisciplinary frontier between biological detection and material science. In this article, we address some of the main advances in this field over the past few years, discussing the issues and challenges with the aim of stimulating a broader interest in developing nanomaterial-based biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis and food safety examination.