gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiative transfer of energy in a cylindrical enclosure with heat generation (1980)

Underwood, E. E., Gomez, A., and Ueng, C.E.S., and -'abrication of New Core Configurations for Sandwich Proceedings, IVth Inter-American Conference on Materials Technology, Caracas, Venezuela, June-July 1975, p. 531. Ueng, C.E.S. and Liu, T. L., Optimization of a New Lightweight Sandwich Core, Proceedings, International Conference on Lightweight Shell and Space Structures for Normal and Seismic Zones, Alma-Ata, USSR, Vol. 2, Sept. 1977, pp. 375-383. Ueng, C.E.S., Formed New Sandwich Cores, Transportation Engineering Journal, ASCE, July 1978, pp. 437-447. Ueng, C.E.S., Underwood, E. E., and Liu, T. L., Modulus of Superplastically Formed Sandwich Cores, Proceedings of Symposium on Future Trends in Computerized Structural Analysis and Synthesis, Pergamon Press, edited by A. K. Noor and H. G. McComb, Jr., eds., Oct.-Nov. 1978, Washington, D.C., pp. 393-397; also International Journal of Computers and Structures, Vol. 10, Nos. 1 and 2,1979, pp. 393-397. Ueng, C.E.S. and Liu, T. L., Least-Weight of Superplastically Formed Cores, Proceedings, Second ASCE Engineering Mechanics Specialty Conference, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C., May 1977, pp. 440-443. Ueng, C.E.S. and Liu, T. L., Least-Weight Analysis of a New Sandwich Core, Proceedings, 14th Annual Meeting of the Society of Engineering Science, Nov. 1977, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa., pp. 273-283. Plantema, F. J., Sandwich Construction, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1966. 8 Alien, H. G., Analysis and Design of Structural Sandwich Panels, Pergamon Press, New York, 1969. Kelsey, S., Gellately, R. A., and Clark, B. W., The Shear Modulus of Foil Honeycomb Core, Aircraft Engineering, Vol. 30, Oct. 1958, pp. 294-302. Argyris, J. H., Theorems and Structural Aircraft Engineering, Vol. 26, Oct.-Nov. 1954; Vol. 27, Feb., March, April, and May 1955; see also J. H. Argyris, Energy Theorems and Structural Analysis, Butterworth Scientific Publications, London, 1960.
Specificity of activation by phosphoinositides determines lipid regulation of Kir channels (2003)

Phosphoinositides are critical regulators of ion channel and transporter activity. Defects in interactions of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels with phosphoinositides lead to disease. ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (K(ATP)) are unique among Kir channels in that they serve as metabolic sensors, inhibited by ATP while stimulated by long-chain (LC) acyl-CoA. Here we show that K(ATP) are the least specific Kir channels in their activation by phosphoinositides and we demonstrate that LC acyl-CoA activation of these channels depends on their low phosphoinositide specificity. We provide a systematic characterization of phosphoinositide specificity of the entire Kir channel family expressed in Xenopus oocytes and identify molecular determinants of such specificity. We show that mutations in the Kir2.1 channel decreasing phosphoinositide specificity allow activation by LC acyl-CoA. Our data demonstrate that differences in phosphoinositide specificity determine the modulation of Kir channel activity by distinct regulatory lipids.
Internally extended growth of core–shell NH2-MIL-101(Al)@ZIF-8 nanoflowers for the simultaneous detection and removal of Cu(ii) (2018)

This study establishes a smart core–shell NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-101(Al)@ZIF-8 nanoflower adsorbent for the simultaneous detection and removal of Cu(<sc>ii</sc>) from aqueous solution.
Stochastic and Deterministic Treatments of the Time Decay of Species Created by Heavy Charged Particle Interactions (1985)

The use of a stochastic technique (S) and a "modified prescribed diffusion" deterministic technique (D) to calculate the time decay of radicals after high LET irradiation, are compared. Although it is expected that, as the LET increases, the stochastic nature of the problem should become less pronounced, there was still a considerable difference between the results from S and D, the former giving considerably better agreement with experiment. The reasons for this were, in order of importance, (i) the use of unrealistic initial spatial distributions of radicals in D, (ii) the neglect of the initial spatial correlations of species in D, (iii) the use of time dependent rate constants in D, and (iv) the use of the "prescribed diffusion" approximation in D.
Aberrant CpG island methylation in acute myeloid leukemia is accentuated at relapse (2008)

DNA methylation of CpG islands around gene transcription start sites results in gene silencing and plays a role in leukemia pathophysiology. Its impact in leukemia progression is not fully understood. We performed genomewide screening for methylated CpG islands and identified 8 genes frequently methylated in leukemia cell lines and in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML): NOR1, CDH13, p15, NPM2, OLIG2, PGR, HIN1, and SLC26A4. We assessed the methylation status of these genes and of the repetitive element LINE-1 in 30 patients with AML, both at diagnosis and relapse. Abnormal methylation was found in 23% to 83% of patients at diagnosis and in 47% to 93% at relapse, with CDH13 being the most frequently methylated. We observed concordance in methylation of several genes, confirming the presence of a hypermethylator pathway in AML. DNA methylation levels increased at relapse in 25 of 30 (83%) patients with AML. These changes represent much larger epigenetic dysregulation, since methylation microarray analysis of 9008 autosomal genes in 4 patients showed hypermethylation ranging from 5.9% to 13.6% (median 8.3%) genes at diagnosis and 8.0% to 15.2% (median 10.6%) genes in relapse (P < .001). Our data suggest that DNA methylation is involved in AML progression and provide a rationale for the use of epigenetic agents in remission maintenance.
Propagation vector analysis of digital holography and its application for three-dimensional angle measurement (2008)

We propose a novel method for high accurate three-dimensional angle measurement based on propagation vector analysis of digital holography. 3D rotations in space can be achieved by use of a CCD camera and a multi-facet object, which reflects an incident wave into different directions. The propagation vectors of the reflected waves from the object can be extracted by analyzing the object spectrum of the recorded hologram. Any small rotation of the object will induce the change of the propagation vectors in space, which can then be used for 3D angle measurement. Experimental results are presented to verify the idea.
A Genome-Wide Association Study for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Japanese Population: Potential Association with a Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA (2014)

Elucidation of the genetic susceptibility factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DR, and may help to define genetic risk factors for this condition. In the present study, we conducted a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify DR susceptibility loci in Japanese patients, which comprised a total of 837 type 2 diabetes patients with DR (cases) and 1,149 without DR (controls). From the stage 1 genome-wide scan of 446 subjects (205 cases and 241 controls) on 614,216 SNPs, 249 SNPs were selected for the stage 2 replication in 623 subjects (335 cases and 288 controls). Eight SNPs were further followed up in a stage 3 study of 297 cases and 620 controls. The top signal from the present association analysis was rs9362054 in an intron of RP1-90L14.1 showing borderline genome-wide significance (Pmet = 1.4×10(-7), meta-analysis of stage 1 and stage 2, allele model). RP1-90L14.1 is a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) adjacent to KIAA1009/QN1/CEP162 gene; CEP162 plays a critical role in ciliary transition zone formation before ciliogenesis. The present study raises the possibility that the dysregulation of ciliary-associated genes plays a role in susceptibility to DR.
A Case Report of Nasopharyngeal Endoscopic Biofeedback Trial Therapy for Patients with Velopharyngeal Inadequecy (2011)

Purpose: The authors would like to introduce two patients who presented with velopharyngeal inadequacy. We emphasize the importance of nasaopharyngeal endoscopy in evaluating the velopharyngeal function and the usefulness of biofeedback trial therapy. Methods: Two patients visited our clinic due to velopharyngeal inadequacy. Both of the patients showed hypernasality, nasal emission and compensatory articulation such as glottal stop. During oral examination and nasopharyngeal endoscopy both showed no evidence of structural deformities. One inconsistently showed a small gap during articulation. The other showed a rather large gap during compensatory articulation. Both received a simultaneous biofeedback trial therapy using the nasopharyngeal endoscope. Results: Both patients were successfully diagnosed and treated at once using biofeedback trial therapy with nasopharyngeal endoscopy. By giving direct visual feedback to the patient, they were both able to achieve complete velopharyngeal closure during production of 2~3 nonsence syllables and hypernasality was not detected in both of them. Conclusion: The authors were able to help patients with velopharyngeal inadequacy to have velopharyngeal closure through biofeedback trial therapy. The accurate evaluation of velopharyngeal function and the possibility of closure prevented unnecessary operations.
Bimedial Rectus Recession for Alternating Esotropia (1977)

Summary The results of 179 consecutive Bimedial Rectus Recession operations performed for alternating esotropia are reported. Successful outcome was achieved in 54% of cases, but a higher success rate of 64% was obtained where there was an associated accommodative element or a high accommodative convergence: accommodation ratio, and 70% success was obtained when the angle of deviation was 20° or less. The results justify Bimedial Rectus Recession for selected cases of alternating convergent strabismus.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Isotopomers of 1‐Alkanols by a ZACA–Cu‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Protocol (2014)

Chiral compounds arising from the replacement of hydrogen atoms by deuterium are very important in organic chemistry and biochemistry. Some of these chiral compounds have a non-measurable specific rotation, owing to very small differences between the isotopomeric groups, and exhibit cryptochirality. This particular class of compounds is difficult to synthesize and characterize. Herein, we present a catalytic and highly enantioselective conversion of terminal alkenes to various β and more remote chiral isotopomers of 1-alkanols, with ≥99 % enantiomeric excess (ee), by the Zr-catalyzed asymmetric carboalumination of alkenes (ZACA) and Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. ZACA-in situ iodinolysis of allyl alcohol and ZACA-in situ oxidation of TBS-protected ω-alkene-1-ols protocols were applied to the synthesis of both (R)- and (S)-difunctional intermediates with 80-90 % ee. These intermediates were readily purified to provide enantiomerically pure (≥99 % ee) compounds by lipase-catalyzed acetylation. These functionally rich intermediates serve as very useful synthons for the construction of various chiral isotopomers of 1-alkanols in excellent enantiomeric purity (≥99 % ee) by introducing deuterium-labeled groups by Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions without epimerization.
Recent developments in searching over encrypted cloud data (2016)

Cloud Storage is currently one of the most widely used applications of cloud. As usage of cloud is increasing, critical and personal data is also being outsourced making it important to maintain confidentiality and integrity of this data. A basic way of protecting data is encrypting it before outsourcing, but the retrieval of required files from the encrypted cloud becomes a problem which requires searching over the encrypted data. Various schemes have been proposed to deal with this issue of searching over encrypted cloud data, and work continues to advance attempting to provide optimum user search experience resembling plaintext search. This paper reviews research in this field ranging from single keyword to multi-keyword search, forward indexing to reverse indexing, and disjunctive to conjunctive multi-keyword search. As research in this space is growing soon with target of making user search experience over encrypted data resemble plain text search experience (such as “Google Search”).
Molecular Weight Dependence of Viscoelastic Properties in Two-Dimensional Physical Polymer Networks:  Amphiphilic Lipopolymer Monolayers at the Air−Water Interface (2002)

Lipopolymers are known to form a two-dimensional physical network (physical gel) at the air−water interface that is stabilized by two different types of associative interactions: microcondensation of alkyl chains of lipopolymers to form small clusters and physical junction zones linking neighboring polymer chains stabilized by hydrogen bonding of water molecules. In this study we present surface rheology and film balance experiments on amphiphilic PEG lipopolymers of different molecular weights of their polymer moiety (MW: 750, 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000) at the air−water interface. Our experimental data show that the gelation transition shifts within the MW range of 1000−5000 to smaller areas per molecule as the polymer chain length gets shorter until it reaches a specific minimum area where no further change is observed (MW = 1000). Surface rheology data of the storage modulus indicate a qualitative difference between higher MW species (MW: 2000, 3000, 5000) and lower MW species (MW: 750, 1000). While the well-known power law dependence above the gelation point can be observed in the first case, a breakdown of the network after an initial power law-like behavior is found in the latter one. Our data suggest that a sufficient area mismatch between polymer and lipid moieties of these peculiar amphiphiles is essential for a stable two-dimensional physical network to form.
A New Micromachining Technique with (111) Silicon (1999)

A new micromachining technology using (111)-oriented silicon is developed. This technology allows advanced surface micromachining with the advantages of using bulk silicon. It utilizes reactive ion etching (RIE) for patterning of microstructures to be released from the substrate, followed by aqueous alkaline etching of bulk silicon under the patterns to release the microstructures. The release etch utilize the high etch selectivity of {111} planes to {100} and {110} planes, and therefore, large plates can be released without additional etch holes, and very smooth and clear undersurfaces and substrate support surfaces can be micromachined.
Computer-generated hologram and its use for submm-wave antenna measurementla (2004)

Computer-generated holograms (diffractive elements) can be used for shaping millimeter-wave beams, e.g., for producing a plane wave in a compact space. An amplitude hologram has earlier been demonstrated to be able to form arbitrary beams at 310 GHz and has proven to be a feasible alternative as a focusing element in a compact antenna test range (CATR) at mm-wavelengths. It was used successfully for Odin satellite antenna tests at 119 GHz. In a recent study we have designed and constructed a compact antenna test range for 322 GHz and measured the ADMIRALS representative test object, which is a 1.5-meter offset paraboloid antenna.
Catalytic Imino‐Diels—Alder Reactions of 2‐Aminodienes: A Simple Entry into Structurally Diverse Pipecolic Acid Derivatives. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Investigation of Short-Circuit Scenarios in a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell (2012)

A short-circuited lithium-ion battery cell is likely to generate sufficient heat to initiate exothermic side reactions causing thermal runaway. A 2D coupled electrochemical-thermal model was developed to investigate a prismatic LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2|LiPF6, EC/EMC (3:7)|MAG-10 battery cell that is short-circuited. Three short-circuit scenarios are investigated during the events from when short circuit occurs until exothermic side reactions initiate. The scenarios are an external short circuit, a nail penetration and an impurity-induced short circuit. The model is used to predict the temperature increase within the cell and to explain how the interrelation between the electrochemical processes and the thermal properties affects the increase. Important safety measures are also examined with the model. The simulation results highlight general short-circuit characteristics and critical distinctions between the scenarios. The mass transport of lithium ions in the electrolyte is found to be the most important general characteristic that determines the rate of the temperature increase. The electric resistance distinguishes the scenarios from each other. The rate of the temperature increase is dictated by the mass transport in the electrolyte even when large variations in available active material are made and it is shown to be difficult to slow down the rate by cooling.
그룹홈 내 가상현실 체험형 직업훈련이 지적장애인의 커피숍 주스제조기술에 미치는 효과 (2016)

본 연구는 그룹홈 내 가상현실 체험형 직업훈련이 지적장애인의 커피숍 내 주스제조기술에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위해, 특수학교 고등학교 과정을 졸업한 이후 1~1.5년째 그룹홈에서 거주하고 있는 지적장애인 세 명을 연구 대상으로 선정하였다. 실험 환경은 지적장애인이 거주하는 그룹홈 내 거실 및 주방, 커피숍 내 주방과 같이 총 세...
Prognostic significance of anticentromere antibodies and anti–topoisomerase i antibodies in Raynaud's disease. A prospective study (1991)

Seventy-seven patients with Raynaud's disease were studied for a mean of 4 years (range 1-11 years) to determine the relationship between autoantibodies and long-term clinical outcome. Anticentromere antibodies (ACA) were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence and by immunoblotting of HeLa cell chromosome extracts. Antibodies to topoisomerase I (anti-topo I) were assayed by immunodiffusion and immunoblotting. Antibodies to the major centromeric protein, CENP-B, and anti-topo I were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eight patients developed telangiectasias, 4 developed skin tightening, and 4 developed a connective tissue disease other than scleroderma. The presence of ACA at the start of the study was associated with the development of telangiectasias (P less than 0.003). An initial 100-kd band on immunoblot in conjunction with a positive anti-topo I ELISA result was associated with the development of tight skin (P less than 0.0025), while a 100-kd band with a negative anti-topo I ELISA result was associated with the subsequent development of a connective tissue disease other than scleroderma (P less than 0.0073). Patients who were initially ACA positive, had the 100-kd band on immunoblot, or had positive ELISA results for anti-topo I or for anti-CENP-B were 63-fold more likely to develop signs of connective tissue disease by the end of the study (P less than 0.000009). The presence of any of these autoantibodies was more sensitive (100%), although less specific (75%), than were findings from nailfold capillaroscopy (sensitivity 67% and specificity 95%) in predicting subsequent clinical progression. We conclude that findings of assays for anti-topo I and ACA complement the findings from nailfold capillaroscopy in providing useful prognostic information in Raynaud's disease.
Transparent bandwidth aggregation for residential access networks (2016)

Abstract We propose, implement, and evaluate a bandwidth aggregation service for residential users that allows to improve the upload throughput of the asymmetric digital subscriber line connection by leveraging the unused bandwidth of neighboring users. The residential access gateway adopts the 802.11 radio interface to simultaneously serve the local home users and to share the broadband connectivity with neighboring access gateways. Differently from previous works, our aggregation scheme is transparent both for local users, who are not required to modify their applications or device drivers, and for neighboring users, who do not experience any meaningful performance degradation. To evaluate the achievable performance and tune the parameters driving the traffic balancing, we developed a fluid model that was shown experimentally to be very accurate. Our proposed scheme is amenable to efficient implementation on Linux networking stack. Indeed, we implemented it and tested in some realistic scenarios, showing an efficient exploitation of the whole available bandwidth, also for legacy cloud storage applications.
Inclusiveness of the ‘Othered’ in Tourism (2011)

This paper highlights that tourism, due to the fact it is a multi-faceted activity and by implication its management has similar multiple contexts, often leads to the exclusion of many who are part of that tourism context. One area that has been left on the fringes of tourism is how contemporary tourism management has “othered” those regarded as being removed from the neoliberal business foundation of tourism. One such group is the host communities in developing countries. The failure to involve and engage with host communities and develop collaboration in the process of planning and management for tourism is and has in the past been detrimental to the sustainability of tourism. In many cases, host communities have been ignored by the industry, with few or no mechanisms or processes put in place to enable them to participate in the management of tourism. This paper presents an overview of how this engagement of host communities can expand the market for tourism and lead to more satisfying visitor experiences, enhance the sustainability of these experiences and, thus, be considered good management practice within the industry. The paper examines how to engage in these practices and create processes that are both enabling for communities and incorporate research techniques that move beyond the very limited monocultural attempts undertaken by the majority of tourism enterprises today. In widening the involvement of the host community, we turn to mechanisms for engagement to provide a platform to demonstrate how this can be done to provide better management practice. In doing so, we extend the scope of engagement to involve those previously considered to be outside of mainstream tourism enterprises, and present an argument that, if sustainability is to move beyond economic and environmental Western constructs to embrace social sustainability, changing global values require tourism management to adopt more inclusive ways of practice and management principles.
Detecting and Preventing IP-spoofed Distributed DoS Attacks (2008)

In this paper, we explore mechanisms for defending against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, have become one of the major threats to the operation of the Internet today. We propose a novel scheme for detecting and preventing the most harmful and difficult to detect DDoS Attacks—those that use IP address spoofing to disguise the attack flow. Our scheme is based on a firewall that can distinguish the attack packets (containing spoofed source addresses) from the packets sent by legitimate users, and thus filters out most of the attack packets before they reach the victim. Unlike the other packet-marking based solutions, our scheme has a very low deployment cost; We estimate that an implementation of this scheme would require the cooperation of only about 20 % of the Internet routers in the marking process. The scheme allows the firewall system to configure itself based on the normal traffic of a Web server, so that the occurrence of an attack can be quickly and precisely detected. We have extensively tested our scheme by simulating DDoS attacks with up to several thousand attackers and the experimental results show that more than 90 % of attack packets can be effectively filtered-out without much affecting the flow of legitimate packets to the victim Web-server.