gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens and Their Surrogates on Fresh and Frozen Strawberries Using Gaseous Ozone (2018)

Berries represent an important fresh food commodity but are also used as dried or frozen ingredients added to many foods. Due to a number of foodborne outbreaks linked to frozen berries, the microbial safety of berry products has become a major food safety issue. The effect of gaseous ozone against selected strains was investigated in the present study at a laboratory scale. Among all the tested conditions, a 30 min treatment with 6 % wt/wt (ca. 80 g/m3) gaseous ozone delivered the highest reductions on fresh strawberries: 2.1, 1.5, 1.8 and 3.3-log reductions were achieved for Salmonella, E. faecium, MNV-1 and MS2, respectively. For frozen strawberries, a short exposure of 5 min to ozone gas resulted in 1.6, 0.7, 0.7 and 1.8-log reductions of Salmonella, E. faecium, MNV-1 and MS2, respectively. Salmonella appeared to be more sensitive than its surrogate E. faecium. Compared to MS2, MNV-1 was more resistant and thus may represent as a more suitable surrogate for human norovirus in validating gas treatment efficiency. No sensorial differences were detected after ozone treatment. Inactivation results using gaseous ozone on frozen berries was reported for the first time in the present study. Guidelines on reporting gaseous ozone data were proposed to help ensure the reproducibility and experimental transparency in inactivation studies. Data collected in the present study support the potential use of gaseous ozone as a sustainable decontamination technology for frozen strawberries at different stages of processing. Further optimization of ozone exposure in a pilot plant scale setting is needed to facilitate the future application of gaseous ozone during minimal processing of berries.
Workload Volatility Management in Datacenters and Cloud (2020)

With increasing adoption of cloud by enterprises, resource management has never been more important than it is now. Efficient utilization of infrastructure can not only improve application performance but also help enterprises save significantly on their operational expenditure. For features like Cluster Autoscaling, inefficient resource management can lead to cluster resources getting scaled in or out more frequently, thereby increasing operational expenses. Traditional resource management engines distribute workloads across the nodes based on their utilization. This approach is most effective when the workloads are more or less stable. If the workloads are unstable or volatile, this approach of distributing the load is not optimal as workloads keep varying and the resource management engine can end up moving workloads from one node to another continuously to keep the load distributed. This results in inefficient resource utilisation, overloading of hosts and wastage of resources due to continuously moving workloads. With new workloads like container applications and Kubernetes, clusters are more prone to workload volatility since these workloads are short-lived and can frequently switch between the containers. In the future, handling this workload volatility will be critical to support these new container workloads. To address this problem, in this paper, we introduce a new Volatility Balancer which can work with any Load Balancer and distribute workload volatility along with workload utilization. Volatility Balancer, together with a Load Balancer, can provide an efficient resource management model for all the new generation workloads.
Improvement of sensitivity in continuous wave near infrared spectroscopy systems by using silicon photomultipliers (2016)

We experimentally analyze the signal-to-noise ratio of continuous wave (CW) near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) reflectance systems based on light emitting diodes and silicon photomultipliers for high performance low cost NIRS biomedical systems. We show that under suitable experimental conditions such systems exhibit a high SNR, which allows an SDS of 7 cm, to our knowledge the largest ever demonstrated in a CW-NIRs system.
Hatchery manual for the Pacific Oyster (1975)

Published December 1975. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
CD4 and FOXP3 as predictive markers for the recurrence of T3/T4a stage II colorectal cancer: applying a novel discrete Bayes decision rule (2022)

Abstract Background We recently reported the relapse-free survival (RFS) significance of the combination of CD4 + and forkhead box P3 + (FOXP3) T-cell densities identified by immunohistochemistry in patients with stage I, II, and III colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent curative resections. This study was designed to determine the optimal combination of markers that predict recurrence in patients with T factors of T3/T4a stage II CRC by applying a novel Bayes decision rule. Methods One hundred thirty-seven cancer tissue specimens from T3/T4a stage II patients with 12 clinicopathologic and immune factors were analysed as predictive candidates for recurrence. Results Our study showed that the combination of low CD4 + and low FOXP3 T-cell densities resulted in extremely poor RFS prognoses. Conclusions Adjuvant chemotherapy may be considered for patients with a combination of low CD4 + and low FOXP3 + T-cell densities. The discovery of this new prognostic indicator is important for the appropriate management of patients undergoing curative resection for T3/T4a stage II CRC.
Comparison of the guarded‐heat‐flow and transient‐plane‐source methods for carbon‐filled nylon 6,6 composites: Experiments and modeling (2005)

Abstract In this study, two different carbons (synthetic graphite particles and carbon fiber) were added to nylon 6,6, and the resulting composites were tested for thermal conductivity. The first goal of this work was to compare through‐plane thermal conductivity results from the guarded‐heat‐flow method and the transient‐plane‐source method. The results showed that both test methods gave similar through‐plane thermal conductivity results for composites containing 10–40 wt % synthetic graphite and for composites containing 5–40 wt % carbon fiber. The advantages of using the transient‐plane‐source method were that the in‐plane thermal conductivity was also measured and the experimental time was shorter than that of the guarded‐heat‐flow method. The second goal of this work was to develop and use a detailed finite‐element analysis to model heat transfer within a carbon‐filled nylon 6,6 composite sample for the transient‐plane‐source method and compare these results to actual experimental results. The results showed that the finite‐element model compared well with the actual experimental data. The finite‐element model could be used in the future as a design tool to predict the dynamic thermal response of different composite materials for many applications. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006
Viscoelastic Properties and Gelation Behavior of Waxy Crudes and Condensates from Eagle Ford: New Insights into Wax Formation and Mitigation for Shale Oils (2017)

Abstract Over the last few years, we have successfully treated several production wells across Eagle Ford shale play in South Texas. Shale oils are highly paraffinic with many featuring wide distribution of paraffin molecules that can extend to C100 carbon chains. Consequently, this creates a major risk of organic scale that can deposit in production and flow lines, storage tanks, and process units. With current downturn in global oil &amp; gas market, need for production optimization and for cost reduction urges producers and service companies to work in collaboration and accelerate innovation in chemical treatment strategies. This work is aimed to develop a more in-depth knowledge on how wax formation and gelation of various shale oils are impacted by their chemical composition and production regime and how to select and deploy best chemical additive for ultimate performance during field operation. We have characterized reservoir hydrocarbons chemistry by common industry practices and studied their wax formation behavior through use of advanced rheology techniques. Measurements of dynamic modulus, gelation point and yield stress at simulated temperature profile that mimic production conditions gave detailed perspective of crude tendency for wax deposition. Information then was plugged into a screening program which includes major classes of polymeric materials and a few selected surfactants. We used a cumulative index to rate performance of various chemistries based on composition of oil samples and actual field conditions. Viscoelastic properties and gelation behavior of paraffin crystals from ten different crude oils in the Eagle Ford are determined. Despite some compositional differences among the samples, the similarity of their micro and macro physical properties is quite remarkable. Wax formation is highly affected by the presence of high molecular weight paraffin molecules, but gel structure and strength trends were found to be quite complex. We made an attempt to explain the above observations by paraffin fingerprinting. Then we established correlation between structure and performance of chemicals based on targeted paraffinic groups. Identifying key indices for wax control products allowed development of more efficient chemical additives for wax control and mitigation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study that presents details of chemical composition, rheological properties, and wax formation characteristics of representative shale oils from Eagle Ford. This study adapted a novel approach by incorporating best field practice data into a product evaluation program and to further improve wax treatment strategies with benefits to shale operators and producers. Viscoelastic models exhibit good potential for accurately capturing the details of wax formation pattern. Lessons learned and proposed approach can be applied in other unconventional developments where wax precipitation and deposition is a major challenge.
Role of Glycosaminoglycan Sulfation in the Formation of Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloid Oligomers and Fibrils (2010)

Primary amyloidosis (AL) results from overproduction of unstable monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains (LCs) and the deposition of insoluble fibrils in tissues, leading to fatal organ disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are associated with AL fibrils and have been successfully targeted in the treatment of other forms of amyloidosis. We investigated the role of GAGs in LC fibrillogenesis. Ex vivo tissue amyloid fibrils were extracted and examined for structure and associated GAGs. The GAGs were detected along the length of the fibril strand, and the periodicity of heparan sulfate (HS) along the LC fibrils generated in vitro was similar to that of the ex vivo fibrils. To examine the role of sulfated GAGs on AL oligomer and fibril formation in vitro, a κ1 LC purified from urine of a patient with AL amyloidosis was incubated in the presence or absence of GAGs. The fibrils generated in vitro at physiologic concentration, temperature, and pH shared morphologic characteristics with the ex vivo κ1 amyloid fibrils. The presence of HS and over-O-sulfated-heparin enhanced the formation of oligomers and fibrils with HS promoting the most rapid transition. In contrast, GAGs did not enhance fibril formation of a non-amyloidogenic κ1 LC purified from urine of a patient with multiple myeloma. The data indicate that the characteristics of the full-length κ1 amyloidogenic LC, containing post-translational modifications, possess key elements that influence interactions of the LC with HS. These findings highlight the importance of the variable and constant LC regions in GAG interaction and suggest potential therapeutic targets for treatment.
Anti‐inflammation Ameliorates Repairment of Frostbite‐induced Skin Injuries (2020)

Frostbite occurs when tissues freeze with cold external temperature. Freeze (ice crystals) destructs the cells and blood vessels, increases permeability in vessel walls and blood leaks into the tissues, and causes inflammation‐related further tissue damage. A mouse model of skin frostbite injuries was used to observe the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on morphological recovery of damaged skin. Under anesthetized condition, C57/BL6 mice were subjected to 5 minutes of the freezing by placing magnets pre‐frozen in dry ice (−20°C) to create frostbite injuries on back skin within 3‐cm diameter circle. Dex treatment (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) began on the day of frostbite induction and lasted for 7 days. Histological data demonstrated that frostbite resulted in swelling and severe skin damage from the first day, including epidermal necrosis and loss, blood vessel breaking, liquid leakage, degeneration of the panniculus adiposus and carnosus. Pro‐inflammatory factors (IL‐1β and TNFα) were elevated from day 3 to day 14 after frostbite (p &lt; 0.05, compared to control), reaching the maximum level at day 7 after frostbite. After 7 days of frostbite, the skin tissue starts to regenerate. Treatment with Dex attenuated the elevation of TNFα and IL‐1β (p&lt;0.05, compared to frostbite group), promoted CD31 expression (a marker for vascularization; p&lt;0.05, compared to frostbite group), and accelerated collagen deposition and wound closure. These results suggest that Dex treatment attenuates frostbite‐induced inflammation and improves the tissue repairment.
ChemInform Abstract: Sterol Metabolism in Insects: Dealkylation of Phytosterol to Cholesterol (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Serotonin and ATP metabolism in the thrombocytes of patients with different stages of cerebrovascular disorders of the ischemic type]. (1979)

The patients with ischemic lesions of brain circulation showed marked biochemic changes of blood platelets. Obviously it plays an important role in the development of the given pathology. In the acute stage of the stroke there was a decrease of serotonin and ATP content in platelet which gradually increased along with the development of the disease. In the period of the residual phenomena the level of the studied indices appeared significantly increased in comparison with the normal one. In the patients with transferred lesions of the brain circulation at the acute stage serotonin and ATP content was not below the normal level. Later on the increase of these parameters took place and in the period of the residual phenomena theirlevel in platelet did not differ from serotonin and ATP content in blood platelets of the patients with the ischemic stroke.
Reusable Copper‐Aluminum Hydrotalcite/rac‐BINOL System for Room Temperature Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols (2009)

Abstract An efficient catalyst system consisting of copper‐aluminum hydrotalcite/ rac‐ BINOL ligand has been developed for the oxidation of alcohols using air as a green oxidant at room temperature. Various alcohols could be transformed into their corresponding aldehydes or ketones in good to excellent yields using the set of optimal conditions. This composite catalytic system can also be recovered and reused for several cycles without a significant loss of catalytic activity.
Physiological Considerations in the Design of Clothing and Protective Equipment for Extreme Environments and in Modeling Human Heat Exchange (2000)

A new era is commencing in which the design of clothing and protective equipment is increasingly taking into account physiological data about human functioning in extreme environments. In these conditions, there is an intensive influence of environmental factors on body systems. Physiological in combination with other types of countermeasures that provide comfort are necessary for stabilizing homeostasis. This approach is extremely important for the design of heavy protective equipment that is widely used in such conditions as space, harsh terrestrial environments, undersea, and in military situations. A physiological overview of the human body for design and modeling purposes is presented, relying on extensive research findings on human thermoregulation and heat exchange using an experimental water circulating plastic tubing garment with the capacity for simultaneous cooling/warming of different body areas. The fingers have great potential as an informative site for providing accurate information about actual body heat status, developing an automatic feedback system between body heat content and the reactivity of the cooling/warming system, and improving modeling approaches.
Cooperative transportation scheduling : an application domain for DAI (1995)

A multiagent approach to designing the transportation domain is presented. The MARS system is described which models cooperative order scheduling within a society of shipping companies. We argue why Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) offers suitable tools to deal with the hard problems in this domain. We present three important instances for DAI techniques that proved useful in the transportation application: cooperation among the agents, task decomposition and task allocation, and decentralised planning. An extension of the contract net protocol for task decomposition and task allocation is presented; we show that it can be used to obtain good initial solutions for complex resource allocation problems. By introducing global information based upon auction protocols, this initial solution can be improved significantly. We demonstrate that the auction mechanism used for schedule optimisation can also be used for implementing dynamic replanning. Experimental results are provided evaluating the performance of different scheduling strategies.
Mitigating Parameter Variation with Dynamic Fine-Grain Body Biasing (2007)

Parameter variation is detrimental to a processor's frequency and leakage power. One proposed technique to mitigate it is fine-grain body biasing (FGBB), where different parts of the processor chip are given a voltage bias that changes the speed and leakage properties of their transistors. This technique has been proposed for static application, with the bias voltages being programmed at manufacturing time for worst-case conditions. In this paper, we introduce dynamic FGBB (D-FGBB), which allows the continuous re-evaluation of the bias voltages to adapt to dynamic conditions. Our results show that D-FGBB is very versatile and effective. Specifically, with the processor working in normal mode at fixed frequency, D-FGBB reduces the leakage power of the chip by an average of 2%-A2.% compared to static FGBB. Alternatively, with the processor working in a high-performance mode, D-FGBB increases the processor frequency by an average of 7-9% compared to static FGBB - or 7-16% compared to no body biasing. Finally, we also show that D-FGBB can be synergistically combined with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), creating an effective means to manage power.
Near resonance optical nonlinearities in nickel dithiolene complexes (1991)

The third-order optical nonlinearity χ(3), linear absorption coefficient α, and the two-photon absorption coefficient β of two nickel dithiolene complexes are reported. The nonlinearities were measured at 1064 nm using 100 ps pulses. Molecular nonlinearities 103 times those of carbon disulphide were observed. Two figures of merit were calculated from the data Δnsat/αλ=5 and n2/2βλ≳2, where α and β are the linear and two-photon absorption coefficients and n2 the nonlinear refractive index. These figures are compatible with those required for simple all-optical switching devices.
Electromagnetic field modelling using parallel and distributed processing techniques (1996)

Electromagnetic field design software ideally should be capable of accommodating arbitrarily defined geometry and material properties of structures in open or closed space in 3-dimensions. In addition the design environment should be able to accept linear and nonlinear simulation of lumped and distributed active and passive elements as they operate in concert. The present state of the art falls short of this principally due to the excessive computational resource required to compute the behaviour of the passive elements of general structure. This paper gives an overview of the strategies adopted in order to reduce computational time demands by employing high performance multiprocessor computing techniques.
New Plate Constants for the Northern Hyderabad Zone (+35 deg to +40 deg) of the Astrographic Catalogue, in Part Computed by the Plate Overlap Method (1967)

Positions from the AGK2 have been used to determine improved plate constants for the Northern Hyder- abad zone of the Astrographic Catalogue (ACHN), which contains measurements on plates centered at +360, +370, +380, and +390 A considerable amount of experimenting with various models for the re- lationship between measured and standard coordinates suggested that the best model (in the sense of leading to the systematically most accurate positions) for this relationship was one that is linear in the coordinates with provisions for linear magnitude equation and coma effect. One hundred and three out of a total of 592 plates were reduced by the overlap method, in sixteen groups of six plates each and one group of seven plates, the latter in the region of the open cluster NGC 752. The conventional plate constants (i.e., the co- efficients of x, y, and 1) can be obtained by the plate overlap method with the same accuracy as they would have been obtained by the conventional method using three times the number of reference stars, while the accuracy of the coma terms (coefficients of xd and yd in x and y, respectively), which vary significantly from plate to plate, increases on the average by a factor of 4.29 referred to the same number of reference stars. The accidental error of a position, obtainable from properly reduced measured coordinates on one plate is 0'.'28in andin .
Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Macromolecular Synthesis by a Heterotrophic Marine Bacterium (1978)

Growth rates and final cell yields of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-sensitive pseudomonad isolated from the open ocean were reduced in a dose-dependent manner by 10 to 100 mug of Aroclor 1254 per liter, a commercial mixture of PCB isomers added to its culture medium. Effects on growth rates were detected within 1 h (approximately one doubling time) of treatment. By 4 h posttreatment, the amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid per cell in exponentially growing populations treated with sublethal doses of Aroclor were detectably lower than in appropriate controls. Corresponding cell protein values were slightly higher than in controls. Selective degradation of cell proteins or nucleic acids was not detected in cells whose growth was totally suppressed for 4 h by PCBs. Cells whose growth rate was inhibited 20 to 50% by Aroclor synthesized protein at normal rates for periods in excess of 5 h from the time the chlorinated hydrocarbons were added. In contrast, rates per cell of adenine uptake and adenine incorporation into deoxyribonucleic acid and total nucleic acids by the cells treated with PCBs were significantly lower than in control cells. Intracellular adenine pools of cells whose growth was inhibited to 20% of the control rate by PCBs were 30% smaller and appeared to require a longer interval to equilibrate than those of untreated cells. This may indicate impaired transport and/or efflux of this nucleic acid precursor through the membrane of affected cells. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis in this sensitive bacterium by PCBs could explain the observed inhibitory effects of the chlorinated hydrocarbons on its growth.