gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Improved One Point Quadrature Formula (2021)

Sweldens and Piessens [23 Sweldens, W., Piessens, R. (1992). Calculation of the wavelet decomposition using quadrature formulae. CWI Quarterly. 5(1):33–52. [Google Scholar]] gave the crucial relationship between the first and the second scaling moment in order to derive an effective one-point quadrature formula to reproduce polynomials up to degree 2. Finěk [6 Finěk, V. (2005). Quadrature formulas based on the scaling function. Appl. Math. 50(4):387–399. DOI: 10.1007/s10492-005-0029-8.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]] derived quadrature formulas with exactness for polynomials of degree 3 with the use of scaling functions of the Daubechies wavelets. In this paper, some relations between the moments of the scaling function associated with multiresolution analysis are derived and a one point quadrature formula with degree of precision 4 is constructed which helps in the approximation of a function f∈L2(R) in Vj,j∈Z.
Analyzing the effect of a virtual avatar's geometric and motion fidelity on ego-centric spatial perception in immersive virtual environments (2009)

Previous work has shown that giving a user a first-person virtual avatar can increase the accuracy of their egocentric distance judgments in an immersive virtual environment (IVE). This result provides one of the rare examples of a manipulation that can enable improved spatial task performance in a virtual environment without potentially compromising the ability for accurate information transfer to the real world. However, many open questions about the scope and limitations of the effectiveness of IVE avatar self-embodiment remain. In this paper, we report the results of a series of four experiments, involving a total of 40 participants, that explore the importance, to the desired outcome of enabling enhanced spatial perception accuracy, of providing a high level of geometric and motion fidelity in the avatar representation. In these studies, we assess participants' abilities to estimate egocentric distances in a novel virtual environment under four different conditions of avatar self-embodiment: a) no avatar; b) a fully tracked, custom-fitted, high fidelity avatar, represented using a textured triangle mesh; c) the same avatar as in b) but implemented with single point rather than full body tracking; and d) a fully tracked but simplified avatar, represented by a collection of small spheres at the raw tracking marker locations. The goal of these investigations is to attain insight into what specific characteristics of a virtual avatar representation are most important to facilitating accurate spatial perception, and what cost-saving measures in the avatar implementation might be possible. Our results indicate that each of the simplified avatar implementations we tested is significantly less effective than the full avatar in facilitating accurate distance estimation; in fact, the participants who were given the simplified avatar representations performed only marginally (but not significantly) more accurately than the participants who were given no avatar at all. These findings suggest that the beneficial impact of providing users with a high fidelity avatar self-representation may stem less directly from the low-level size and motion cues that the avatar embodiment makes available to them than from the cognitive sense of presence that the self-embodiment supports.
SMEs IN FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN SERBIA (2013)

Agricultural production is very diverse and gives the great opportunities for various activities of small and medium enterprises. There is a great competition for placement of agricultural and food products, on both, domestic and international food markets. In a situation where there is a hyper production of agricultural products in the European market, the export of agricultural and food products is possible only if it offers organic products, for which there is a great demand. Organic production in Serbia is more popular and economically more important. Thanks to potentials that are reflected primarily in the fragmented property and land that is not contaminated with harmful substances, this type of agriculture can contribute significantly to development of rural areas and agriculture in general. Therefore, organic farming is set as one of the priorities for development of agriculture, and an integral part of the strategy for rural and agricultural development in the Republic of Serbia. Development level of organic production in Serbia is low, and the reasons are as follows: a low level of environmental awareness, lack of state support to the agricultural sector, the decline in living standards of the population, and therefore the reduced purchasing power. Organic products are becoming increasingly important goods in world terms, and there is a growing participation of these products in global trade flows. It is evident that the presence of organic food in the growing number of consumers around the world is not just a fashion fad, but the constant striving to eat better quality products, and 165 thus contribute to the preservation of the environment and our health. These products represent a great opportunity for the promotion of small and medium enterprises in domestic and especially in foreign markets.
Federated identity management to link and protect healthcare data (2010)

Healthcare data should be linked and aggregated across data sources from different organisations to manage performance and provide integrated services. The internet offers the possibility of providing near real-time integration, but the central issue is how to integrate federated identity management with healthcare data integration to protect patient identity and ensure compliance with privacy legislation. In this paper, we use a healthcare scenario to analyse three proposed approaches. Each approach addresses some aspects of the problem while failing to address others. We then present a single framework that combines the three approaches into a single, more comprehensive approach.
Structural and functional studies of the dnaB protein using limited proteolysis. Characterization of domains for DNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis and for protein association in the primosome. (1984)

Two separable structural domains were identified in the Escherichia coli dnaB protein (Mr = 52,000) by partial proteolytic cleavage under nondenaturing conditions. The hydrolysis of dnaB protein by trypsin proceeded in two distinct stages in the presence of ATP or ADP. In the first stage, 14 amino acid residues at the NH2-terminal end were removed and dnaB protein was converted into a fragment with a molecular weight of 50,000 (Fragment I). Fragment I retained about 60% of the original activity in priming DNA replication and was fully active in DNA-dependent ATPase activity. In the second stage, Fragment I was further cleaved into two separable polypeptides with molecular weights of 33,000 (Fragment II) and 12,000 (Fragment III), respectively. Fragment II, as a hexamer, retained DNA-dependent ATPase activity comparable to the intact protein but was totally inactive in priming DNA replication. No known activity of dnaB protein was detected in Fragment III alone. NH2 termini of Fragments I and III and COOH termini of dnaB protein and Fragment II were identical indicating that Fragments III and II were located at the NH2 and COOH termini of Fragment I, respectively. These results indicate that dnaB protein is composed of at least two distinct domains. 1) Fragment III, the rigid domain, is essential for protein interaction, i.e. association with dnaC protein and primase in priming DNA replication in the primosome. 2) A 14-amino acid residue fragment, at the NH2-terminal end adjacent to Fragment III, probably required to stabilize the protein interaction involved in priming DNA replication. 3) Fragment II, the flexible COOH-terminal domain, contains the active sites for DNA binding, ATP binding, and protein oligomerization. Fragment II is cleaved by trypsin at many sites in the absence of ATP or ADP ligands. The rate of conversion of Fragment I into the yield of Fragments II and III was decreased approximately by 2 orders of magnitude by changing the ligand from ADP to the nonhydrolyzed ATP analog, adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate). These results indicate that the conformation of the COOH-terminal domain in the dnaB protein is stabilized by ATP or ADP. Such a nucleotide-induced conformational change was also demonstrated by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Moreover, the data suggest that the conformation of the dnaB protein complexed with adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) is different from that complexed with ADP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Action of α-Amanitin during Pyrophosphorolysis and Elongation by RNA Polymerase II (1995)

Using defined elongation complexes formed on dC-tailed templates with Drosophila RNA polymerase II, we have examined elongation, pyrophosphorolysis, and DmS-II-mediated transcript cleavage and the inhibitory effect of alpha-amanitin on these processes. Analysis of pyrophosphorolysis on soluble or immobilized and templates confirmed that NTPs are liberated instead of dinucleotides that are released during DmS-II-mediated transcript cleavage. 10 microgram/ml alpha-amanitin completely inhibited DmS-II-mediated transcript cleavage but allowed extended pyrophosphorolysis and nucleotide addition to occur. alpha-Amanitin dramatically decreased the Vmax for nucleotide addition but only slightly affected the Km for nucleotides. Although the processes ae mechanistically distinct, both pyrophosphorolysis and DmS-II-mediated transcript cleavage frequently resulted in similar patterns of shortened transcript. Since polymerase molecules encounter similar kinetic barriers during both processes, it is possible that there is a common step in the reverse movement of the polymerase.
Hereditary Vascular Dementia Linked to Notch 3 Mutations: CADASIL in British Families (2000)

The most common form of familial vascular dementia is considered to be CADASIL or cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, which is now also increasingly manifest in the United Kingdom. CADASIL has been previously dubbed as a familial form of Binswanger disease. However, unlike in Binswanger disease CADASIL does not involve hypertension or other risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. CADASIL appears to be essentially a disorder of the arteries that is linked to single missense mutations in the NOTCH 3 gene locus on chromosome 19. The pathogenesis of the disorder or the genetic mechanism leading to brain infarcts and dementia is not known. The elucidation of the microvascular pathology evident in CADASIL may be an interesting way to delineate effects of defective genes on brain cells from systemic vascular influences.
P18: Improving Hydraulic Performance of the Left Atrial Assist Device Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (2023)

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study was to refine the initial design of a new left atrial assist device (LAAD) using the results from computational fluid dynamics analyses (CFD). The CFD results would help guide design changes that could improve the hydraulic performance and flow patterns within the LAAD. The LAAD is a novel continuous-flow pump, implanted in the mitral plane, designed to treat patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Methods: Four different LAAD designs were evaluated. The key differences among the designs included changes to the shape and dimensions of the primary impeller blades, and the number, size, and curvature of the diffuser vanes. Steady state, frozen-rotor CFD simulations were run at flow rates and rotor speeds spanning the LAAD’s intended range of use. Of the four designs studied, the first and final designs were prototyped and underwent in vitro hydraulic performance testing. The in vitro studies were conducted by connecting a prototype LAAD to a mock circulatory loop system designed to simulate various levels of diastolic heart failure. Static pressure measurements, taken upstream, downstream, and at two other locations within the pump, were compared with CFD-predicted pressures to validate the CFD modeling approach and results. Results: The CFD-predicted static pressures agreed within 12% for design #1 and 10% for design #4 over a wide range of flow rate/rotor speed conditions providing confidence in the CFD modeling results. Regions of flow separation downstream of the impeller blade tips and the diffuser vanes were reduced for each design iteration. Increasing the impeller blade diameter, provided increased pump pressure rise at the expense of significantly higher torque and power requirements. A comparison of the hydraulic performance for the four designs, as shown in Figure 1, reveals that design #4 was able to provide the same pump pressure rise as design #1 at 3,800 vs. 4,400 rpm. Conclusions: Guided by the insight gained from each design iteration, the fourth design incorporated impeller blades with an improved alignment with the incoming flow and wider, more curved diffuser vanes that aligned with the approaching flow from the volute. These changes reduced flow separation within the impeller and diffuser regions which significantly improved the LAAD’s hydraulic performance and internal flow patterns. In vitro testing of this fourth generation LAAD design confirmed the predicted improvement in hydraulic performance.Figure 1. Comparison of the hydraulic performance for the four LAAD designs at a flow rate of 4.5 L/min and varying rotor speeds.
A UV curable resin with reworkable properties: application to imprint lithography (2009)

Difunctional methacrylate monomers having a hemiacetal ester moiety in the molecule were used to prepare a plastic replica of an original mold for imprint lithography. UV curing of the monomers was performed with 365 nm light and photo-induced degradation of the cured resins was performed using 254 nm light.
Picture of the Month—Quiz Case (2008)

ADMITTED FOR ACUTE onset of a tender, diffuse, erythematous rash that was present around the eyes, lips, neck, axilla, trunk, genitalia, and extremities.The rash started 4 days prior to admission and was initially present on only the neck and axilla.The patient had increasing pain when she was touched or held, so she was taken to the emergency department.The physician elicited a positive Nikolsky sign, which led to the patient's admission.There was no associated fever or history of skin lesions during this ill-
Zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine-Fe3O4 nanoparticle composite for laccase immobilization. (2007)

Zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine-Fe3O4 nanoparticle composites were prepared by organic-inorganic complex technology and characterized. It has been proved that the ZnTAPc dispersed randomly onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form molecular dispersion layer and there was a relatively strong bond between central zinc cation and oxygen. The nanoparticle composite took the shape of roundish spheres with the mean diameter of about 15 nm. Active amino groups of magnetic carriers could be used to bind laccase via glutaraldehyde. The optimal pH for the activity of the immobilized laccases and free laccase were the same at pH 3.0 and the optimal temperature for laccase immobilization on ZnTAPc-Fe3O4 nanoparticle composite was 45 degrees. The immobilization yields and K(m) value of the laccase immobilized on ZnTAPc-Fe3O4 nanoparticle composite were 25% and 20.1 microM, respectively. This kind of immobilized laccase has good thermal, storage and operation stability, and could be used as the sensing biocomponent for the fiber optic biosensor based on enzyme catalysis.
UV Photoactivation for Size and Shape Controlled Synthesis and Coalescence of Gold Nanoparticles in Micelles (2002)

Formation of stable gold nanoparticles of different size and shape has been reported via UV photoactivation of HAuCl4 in variable concentrations of TX-100. It has been shown that smaller particles of gold preferentially dissolved by cyanide at a faster rate in air in comparison to that for the larger particles because of higher mobility and possibly because of lower redox potentials of the smaller particles. It is observed that smaller gold nanoparticles preferentially coalesce together at higher temperature in micelles. Temperature induced changes in the shape of the micelle provide the required template/capping condition for linear growth of gold nanoparticles.
Organic Glasses: A New Class of Photorefractive Materials (1996)

The performance of amorphous organic photorefractive (PR) materials in applications such as optical data storage is generally limited by the concentration of active molecules (chromophores) that can be incorporated into the host without forming a crystalline material with poor optical quality. In polymeric PR systems described previously, performance has been limited by the necessity of devoting a large fraction of the material to inert polymer and plasticizing components in order to ensure compositional stability. A new class of organic PR materials composed of multifunctional glass-forming organic chromophores is described that have long-term stability and greatly improved PR properties.
Polymerization Catalyst Testing (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Facility Requirements The Autoclave Key Equipment Items Raw Materials Polymerization Conditions Autoclave Preparation Polymerization Test Procedure Reproducibility Testing Metallocene Catalysts Questions
Spray-Pyrolytic Synthesis of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-Based Fine Powders and Effect of Ba/Ti Ratio and CuO Addition on Their Sinterability (1990)

BaTiO3-based fine powders, with Ba/Ti ratios ranging from 0.98 to 1.05, or comprising CuO up to 1mol%, were synthesized by the spray pyrolysis technique. Starting solutions were prepared by dissolving Ba(NO3)2, Ti[(CH3)2CHO]4, and Cu(NO3)2⋅3H2O in diluted nitric acid, and they were sprayed into the reaction chamber at 800°C through a 2-fluid atomizer with pressurized oxygen gas. The obtained powder particles were hollow spheres 2μm across on the average, which consisted of very small primary particles of around 10nm. The powders were mostly BaTiO3 with small amounts of residual compounds, which however, were removed completely by calcining at 620°C for 1h in an oxygen atmosphere. The calcination at 620°C did not change the particle size. The Ba/Ti ratio of the powders affected the density and the microstructure of sintered bodies. An excess of BaO enhanced densification and gave a grain size discernibly larger than that of stoichiometric composition, whereas a sample containing excess TiO2 component showed marked grain growth which caused the lower bulk density. When the Ba/Ti ratio was 1.03, the relative densitiy of 95% was achieved at the lowest sintering temperature of 1250°C without sintering aids. It should be noted that addition of CuO to the powders with Ba/Ti ratio of 1.03 contributed to reducing the sintering temperature. Addition of 0.5mol% CuO decreased the sintering temperature to 1060°C. The obtained sintered body showed a dielectric constant of 2300, dielectric loss of 0.9% at room temperature, and Curie temperature of around 130°C.
Liquid-phase sintering of BN doped Fe-Cu/TiC composites (1996)

Fe-Cu composites are commonly produced by liquid phase sintering (above the melting temperature of Cu, 1085°C). The wear resistance of these Fe-Cu alloys can be enhanced by introducing hard particles, e.g., TiC, into the matrix. In such cases, however, the densification of Fe-Cu/TiC composites by liquid phase sintering becomes difficult mainly due to the high wetting angle (110° at 1100-1200°C in argon) of liquid Cu with TiC particles. Especially when the amount of the TiC phase is high enough to form a continuous network of TiC grains, full densification is only achieved through hot pressing. We have recently overcome this problem in an [(Fe-4 wt% Cu) + 30 wt% TiC] composite by the addition of small amounts of BN. Composites with BN additives have been successfully sintered at 1275°C under vacuum or argon by additions of 1 wt% BN. Electron microscopic characterization of these composites has shown that this success is due to the modification of the liquid phase by the addition of BN, which also promotes the liquid phase sintering of the TiC phase.
Simulation of electrostatic effects in Fab–antigen complex formation (2000)

A model based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation has been used to model electrostatics in Anti-p24 (HIV-1) Fab-antigen association. The ionization state at different pH values has been simulated and the results have been used to estimate the stability at different pH values and to generate electrostatic potential maps at physiological ionic strength. The analysis of the electrostatic potential at the solvent-accessible surface shows that residues involved in binding are mostly found in the highest, but also in lowest potential regions. Brownian dynamics simulations have been used to estimate the enhancement of the association rate due to electrostatics which appears limited (approximately 2 at 150 mM ionic strength and approximately 3 at 15 mM ionic strength). A much more pronounced effect is observed upon increase of the charge of the diffusing particle. These results compare well with results obtained previously in similar studies on different systems and may serve to estimate the expected order of magnitude of electrostatic effects on association rates in antibody-antigen systems.
Analysis of the Capacitor-Less D-STATCOM for Voltage Profile Improvement in Distribution Network With High PV Penetration (2022)

Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) have disrupted the traditional electrical system. Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems deliver electric energy closer to the consumer, shifting the paradigm from centralized to distributed generation. The impact of the stochastic PV output power gives rise to potentially rapid voltage fluctuations. Reactive power compensation is needed to regulate the voltage profile to meet the relevant standards. Traditional approaches like switched capacitors cannot provide reactive power that is continuously adjustable at short time scales. This paper examines an alternative distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) based on a matrix converter (MC) for the low voltage distribution networks with high PV penetration. This technology can extend service life by using inductors for energy storage. The converter being studied provides ancillary services, including reactive power support; the impact on reliability, operational constraints, and electrical behavior is demonstrated. The contribution of this paper is a detailed analysis and impact study of the capacitor-less D-STATCOM in high PV penetration distribution networks. The significance of this paper is that it studies the behavior of the power electronics converter and its interaction with the power systems without assuming or neglecting details of either. Compensation effects and reliability comparisons between the proposed capacitorless D-STATCOM and the incumbent D-STATCOM technology are also studied in this paper.