gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Development of a high-resolution active-matrix flat-panel imager with enhanced fill factor</title> (1997)

The development and initial characterization of an active matrix, flat-panel imager (AMFPI) incorporating a newly designed, indirect-detection array is reported. The array has a 127 micrometers pitch, a 1536 X 1920 pixel format, and incorporates a pixel design comprising a discrete a-Si:H photodiode coupled to an a-Si:H thin-film transistor. The array represents an aggressive redesign of a previously reported array having the same pitch and format. In particular, this new array was designed with the dual goals of maximizing the optical fill factor so as to enhance sensitivity as well as minimizing the data line capacitance so as to reduce additive electronic noise. Although constrained by the sue of discrete photodiodes, the new design nevertheless successfully achieves a fill factor of approximately 56 percent along with a data line capacitance of approximately 50 pF which are significant improvements over the previous design. In this paper, considerations in the design of such arrays are reviewed and performance results of the AMFPI, based on initial empirical results and theoretical considerations, are presented. Finally, possible trends in the future development of indirect and direct detection AMFPIs are described.
Physics Informed Spiking Neural Networks: Application to Digital Predistortion for Power Amplifier Linearization (2023)

Recently, new emerging techniques of neuromorphic hardware render spiking neuron networks (SNN) promising as an energy-efficient solution for artificial intelligence (AI). With the idea of physics informed neural network, the structure can be simple while training data can be light. However its application in RF telecommunication system is still challenging. This paper, as the first time in the literatures, proposes a solution of SNN-based digital predistortion (SNN-DPD) for linearization of RF transmitters, such as power amplifiers (PA). A two-layer SNN is deployed in frequency domain to process the spectrum of the stimulus for a predistorted signal. The proposed technique is experimentally validated on a test bench with a real PA of different bias voltages. We also test the proposed SNN-DPD for multi-band linearization. The proposed method reaches the best performance of traditional DPD methods while owing advantages of the SNN, such as low power consumption and good biomimicry for AI.
A Forward-Secure Signature with Backward-Secure Detection. (2007)

This paper enhances the security of Abdalla and Reyzin’s forwardsecure signature scheme with backward-secure detection. In the proposed scheme, we embeded the hash-chain into the forward-secure signature scheme. It achieves not only forward-secure but also backwardsecure for the digital signature. Keywords: Forward-Secure, Backward-Secure, Digital signatures, GQ signatures. 1
Dopamine: The Forgotten Felon in Type 2 Diabetes (2011)

This paper reviews recent patents and development related to bromocriptine and other dopaminergic agents, being used or suggested for use in the management of diabetes. The article discusses the contribution of dopaminergic pathways to glucose, energy and weight homeostasis. The mechanism of action of bromocriptine, its pharmacological properties, efficacy, safety and tolerability are assessed. The article also covers recent patents which may be utilized to improve the efficiency and tolerability of dopamine-based therapy in diabetes mellitus.
Non-neoplastic diseases of the fallopian tube: MR imaging with emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging (2016)

• Nondilated fallopian tubes are not usually seen on MR images. • MRI is the method of choice to characterize and localize utero-adnexal masses. • MRI allows characterization of lesions through evaluation of the fluid content's signal intensity. • DWI in conjunction with conventional MRI sequences may improve tissue characterization. • Pelvic inflammatory disease is the most common tubal pathology.
Molecular Characterization of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) Gene Family in Betula luminifera (2018)

As a major family of plant-specific transcription factors, <i>SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE</i> (<i>SPL</i>) genes play vital regulatory roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. In this study, 18 <i>SPL</i> genes were identified and cloned from <i>Betula luminifera</i>. Two zinc finger-like structures and a nuclear location signal (NLS) segments were existed in the SBP domains of all BlSPLs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes were clustered into nine groups (group I-IX). The intron/exon structure and motif composition were highly conserved within the same group. 12 of the 18 <i>BlSPL</i>s were experimentally verified as the targets of miR156, and two cleavage sites were detected in these miR156-targeted <i>BlSPL</i> genes. Many putative cis-elements, associated with light, stresses and phytohormones response, were identified in the promoter regions of <i>BlSPL</i>s, suggesting that <i>BlSPL</i> genes are probably involved in important physiological processes and developmental events. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that miR156-targeted <i>BlSPL</i>s exhibited a more differential expression pattern, while most miR156-nontargeted <i>BlSPL</i>s tended to be constitutively expressed, suggesting the distinct roles of miR156-targeted and nontargeted <i>BlSPL</i>s in development and growth of <i>B. luminifera</i>. Further expression analysis revealed that miR156-targeted <i>BlSPL</i>s were dramatically up-regulated with age, whereas mature BlmiR156 level was apparently declined with age, indicating that miR156/<i>SPL</i> module plays important roles in vegetative phase change of <i>B. luminifera</i>. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid assay indicated that several miR156-targeted and nontargeted BlSPLs could interact with two DELLA proteins (BlRGA and BlRGL), which suggests that certain <i>BlSPL</i>s take part in the GA regulated processes through protein interaction with DELLA proteins. All these results provide an important basis for further exploring the biological functions of <i>BlSPL</i>s in <i>B. luminifera</i>.
From surgery to neurosurgery: our experience on the efficacy of fleece-bound sealing (TachoSil�) for dural repair (2014)

Our procedure showed that closing the dural defect with TachoSil® is a technically simple, reliable and safe method for patients. Indeed, no post-operative cerebrospinal fluid leakage was observed. Nonetheless, further studies with larger sample size are warranted to confirm the efficacy of TachoSil® patches for dural repair.
New Vaccines for the Prevention of Pneumococcal Infections (1996)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of acute otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. Because in recent years antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal strains have been emerging throughout the world, vaccination against pneumococcal infections has become more urgent. The capsular polysaccharide vaccine that has been available is neither immunogenic nor protective in young children and other immunocompromised patients. Several pneumococcal proteins have been proposed as candidate vaccines, but no human studies associated with them have been reported. Clinical trials of first-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have shown that covalent coupling of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides to protein carriers improves the immunogenicity of the polysaccharides. The protective efficacy of the conjugate vaccines against carriage, acute otitis media, and invasive infections is being studied.
Proximal Limited-Memory Quasi-Newton Methods for Scenario-based Stochastic Optimal Control (2017)

Stochastic optimal control problems are typically of rather large scale involving millions of decision variables, but possess a certain structure which can be exploited by first-order methods such as forward-backward splitting and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). In this paper, we use the forward-backward envelope, a real-valued continuously differentiable penalty function, to recast the dual of the original nonsmooth problem as an unconstrained problem which we solve via the limited-memory BFGS algorithm. We show that the proposed method leads to a significant improvement of the convergence rate without increasing much the computational cost per iteration.
Laser Deposition of Metals for Shape Deposition Manufacturing (2018)

A laser/powder deposition process has been added to the Shape Deposition Manufacturing system&#13;\nat Stanford University. This process is more robust than previous SDM metal deposition&#13;\nprocesses, consistently producing fully dense, near-net shape deposits with excellent material&#13;\nproperties Material is deposited by scanning the laser across a surface while injecting metallic&#13;\npowders into the melt-pool at the laser focus. A number of parts have been produced with the&#13;\nsystem, including an injection molding tool, multimaterial structures and simple mechanisms.&#13;\nCurrently research is being perfonned to improve the finish quality of the parts. One of the main&#13;\nareas of research involves controlling thermal stresses which can lead to warpage and&#13;\ndelamination. Selective deposition techniques and the use of low coefficient of thennal expansion&#13;\nmaterials such as INVARTM show promise for reducing defonnations caused by internal stresses.
Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of the isolated FAD domain of rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase altered in the region of the FAD shielding residue Phe1395 (2004)

In rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase, Phe1395 is positioned over the FAD isoalloxazine ring. This is replaced by Trp676 in human cytochrome P450 reductase, a tryptophan in related diflavin reductases (e.g. methionine synthase reductase and novel reductase 1), and tyrosine in plant ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductase. Trp676 in human cytochrome P450 reductase is conformationally mobile, and plays a key role in enzyme reduction. Mutagenesis of Trp676 to alanine results in a functional NADH-dependent reductase. Herein, we describe studies of rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase FAD domains, in which the aromatic shielding residue Phe1395 is replaced by tryptophan, alanine and serine. In steady-state assays the F1395A and F1395S domains have a greater preference for NADH compared with F1395W and wild-type. Stopped-flow studies indicate flavin reduction by NADH is significantly faster with F1395S and F1395A domains, suggesting that this contributes to altered preference in coenzyme specificity. Unlike cytochrome P450 reductase, the switch in coenzyme specificity is not attributed to differential binding of NADPH and NADH, but probably results from improved geometry for hydride transfer in the F1395S- and F1395A-NADH complexes. Potentiometry indicates that the substitutions do not significantly perturb thermodynamic properties of the FAD, although considerable changes in electronic absorption properties are observed in oxidized F1395A and F1395S, consistent with changes in hydrophobicity of the flavin environment. In wild-type and F1395W FAD domains, prolonged incubation with NADPH results in development of the neutral blue semiquinone FAD species. This reaction is suppressed in the mutant FAD domains lacking the shielding aromatic residue.
Insights into early ontogenesis: characterization of stress and development key genes of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) in vivo and in vitro (2021)

There are still numerous difficulties in the successful farming of pikeperch in the anthropogenic environment of various aquaculture systems, especially during early developmental steps in the hatchery. To investigate the physiological processes involved on the molecular level, we determined the basal expression patterns of 21 genes involved in stress and immune responses and early ontogenesis of pikeperch between 0 and 175 days post hatch (dph). Their transcription patterns most likely reflect the challenges of growth and feed conversion. The gene coding for apolipoprotein A (APOE) was strongly expressed at 0 dph, indicating its importance for yolk sac utilization. Genes encoding bone morphogenetic proteins 4 and 7 (BMP4, BMP7), creatine kinase M (CKM), and SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) were highly abundant during the peak phases of morphological changes and acclimatization processes at 4-18 dph. The high expression of genes coding for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta (PPARA, PPARD) at 121 and 175 dph, respectively, suggests their importance during this strong growth phase of juvenile stages. As an alternative experimental model to replace further in vivo investigations of ontogenetically important processes, we initiated the first approach towards a long-lasting primary cell culture from whole pikeperch embryos. The present study provides a set of possible biomarkers to support the monitoring of pikeperch farming and provides a first basis for the establishment of a suitable cell model of this emerging aquaculture species.
Effect of urea and ethrel on growth, flowering and fruiting in guava under intensive planting system (1994)

Efficacy of urea and ethrel on growth, induction of flowering, fruit-set, fruit retention, fruit quality and yield was evaluated under high density planting of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda. Urea (15%) increased plant height, length of longest shoot, leaves/plant, fruit retention and yield at 38 months old seedlings. Ethrel (1000 and 2000 ppm) and urea (20 and 25 per cent) caused dwarfing effect desirable for high density planting. Spraying of urea or ethrel did not influence fruit quality. However, ascorbic acid and acidity were increased by urea at 15 per cent concentration. The findings suggest the use of 15 per cent urea spray for early cropping under high density planting (2500 plants/ha).
Delineation of Key Amino Acid Side Chains and Peptide Domains for Antimicrobial Properties of Divercin V41, a Pediocin-Like Bacteriocin Secreted by Carnobacterium divergens V41 (1999)

ABSTRACT Divercin V41 (DV41) is a class IIa bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium divergens V41. This antilisterial peptide is homologous to pediocin PA-1 and contains two disulfide bonds. To establish the structure-activity relationships of this specific family of bacteriocin, chemical modifications and enzymatic hydrolysis were performed on DV41. Alteration of the net charge of this cationic bacteriocin by succinylation and acetylation revealed that, in a certain range, the electrostatic interactions were surprisingly not necessary for the activity of DV41. Cleavage of DV41 by endoproteinase Asp-N released two fragments N1[1–17] and N2[18–43] corresponding to the conserved hydrophilic N-terminal and the variable hydrophobic C-terminal sequences, respectively. Inhibitory assays showed that only the C-terminal fragment was active, and after trypsin cleavage at Lys42 or disulfide reduction it lost its inhibitory activity. These results suggested that both hydrophobicity and folding imposed by the Cys25-Cys43 disulfide bond were essential for antilisterial activity of the C-terminal hydrophobic peptide. Chemical oxidation of tryptophan residues by N-bromosuccinimide demonstrated that these residues were crucial for inhibitory activity since modification of any one of them rendered DV41 inactive. On the contrary, only the modification of all the three tyrosine residues caused a total loss of antilisterial activity. These latter results strengthened previous results suggesting that the N-terminal domain containing the YGNGV consensus sequence was not involved in the binding of DV41 to a potential specific receptor on listerial cells.
Two‐photon microscopy enables non‐invasive, in vivo, longitudinal study of arterial Ca 2+ and diameter in optical biosensor mice during the development of hypertension (856.7) (2014)

Here, we report that use of two‐photon microscopy of ear arteries in exMLCK biosensor mice enables non‐invasive, in vivo, serial examination of vascular smooth muscle Ca 2+ during the development of hypertension. ExMLCK mice express a FRET‐type biosensor of Ca 2+ /Calmodulin based on smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and its ratiometric properties permit direct quantification of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration. Anesthetized biosensor mice were positioned on a custom platform, facilitating imaging of selected arterial branches within the intact depilated ear, and studied before and during chronic infusion of angiotensin‐II (ANGII; 800 µg/g/day) via mini‐osmotic pump. Acute responsiveness to i.p. phenylephrine (PE; 30µg/g) was determined in a separate group of mice equipped with arterial blood pressure radio telemetry. Eight days of chronic ANGII increased intracellular Ca 2+ from 294±47nM to 501±92nM ( P &lt;0.05) and decreased artery diameter by ‐14±2% ( P &lt;0.05). Acute PE induced robust vasomotion and 2‐3 fold oscillations in spatially averaged Ca 2+ . In summary, this new methodology permits for the first time the simultaneous study of Ca 2+ signaling, structural remodeling and vascular reactivity in the intact living mouse during hypertension development. Grant Funding Source : Supported by NHLBI RO1091969, RO1HL107654, RO1DK077140, and T32HL072751.
Cylindrical M-sequence Markers and its Application to AR Fitting System for Kimono Obi (2018)

This paper proposes an m-sequence cylindrical marker, which is an optical barcode marker that can be applied on cylindrical objects, such as parts of a human body and everyday things such as furniture, bottles, and cups. We use two cycles of an m-sequence barcode to maintain continuity at the joint of the cylindrical marker. By using the m-sequence characteristics, the marker is able to acquire the rotation angle by recognizing only a certain part of the barcode. To confirm feasibility, we have made a cylindrical marker that fits on the waist of a human, and have implemented an AR fitting application for kimono obi.
Screening Fagopyrum tararicum Genotypes Tolerant to Low Nitrogen Stress at Seedling Stage and Its Evaluating Indices (2017)

摘要：
Functional Expression of Two Unusual Acidic Peroxygenases from Candolleomyces aberdarensis in Yeasts by Adopting Evolved Secretion Mutations (2021)

Fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are emergent biocatalysts that perform highly selective C-H oxyfunctionalizations of organic compounds, yet their heterologous production at high levels is required for their practical use in synthetic chemistry. Here, we achieved functional expression of two new unusual acidic peroxygenases from <i>Candolleomyces</i> (<i>Psathyrella</i>) <i>aberdarensis</i> (<i>Pab</i>UPO) in yeasts and their production at a large scale in a bioreactor. Our strategy was based on adopting secretion mutations from an Agrocybe aegerita UPO mutant, the PaDa-I variant, designed by directed evolution for functional expression in yeast, which belongs to the same phylogenetic family as <i>Pab</i>UPOs, long-type UPOs, and shares 65% sequence identity. After replacing the native signal peptides with the evolved leader sequence from PaDa-I, we constructed and screened site-directed recombination mutant libraries, yielding two recombinant <i>Pab</i>UPOs with expression levels of 5.4 and 14.1 mg/liter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These variants were subsequently transferred to Pichia pastoris for overproduction in a fed-batch bioreactor, boosting expression levels up to 290 mg/liter, with the highest volumetric activity achieved to date for a recombinant peroxygenase (60,000 U/liter, with veratryl alcohol as the substrate). With a broad pH activity profile, ranging from pH 2.0 to 9.0, these highly secreted, active, and stable peroxygenases are promising tools for future engineering endeavors as well as for their direct application in different industrial and environmental settings. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> In this work, we incorporated several secretion mutations from an evolved fungal peroxygenase to enhance the production of active and stable forms of two unusual acidic peroxygenases. The tandem-yeast expression system based on S. cerevisiae for directed evolution and P. pastoris for overproduction on an ∼300-mg/liter scale is a versatile tool to generate UPO variants. By employing this approach, we foresee that acidic UPO variants will be more readily engineered in the near future and adapted to practical enzyme cascade reactions that can be performed over a broad pH range to oxyfunctionalize a variety of organic compounds.
Mesoporous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Nanosphere‐Supported Isolated Single‐Atom Pd Catalyst for Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Acetylene (2019)

Semihydrogenation of acetylene in the ethylene feed is a vital step for the industrial production of polyethylene. Despite their favorable reaction activity and ethylene selectivity, the Pd-based intermetallic compound and single-atom alloy catalysts still suffer from the limitation of atomic utilization derived from the partial exposure of active Pd atoms. Herein, a hard-template Lewis acid doping strategy is reported that can overcome the inefficient utilization of Pd atoms. In this strategy, N-coordinated isolated single-atomic Pd sites are fully embedded on the inner walls of mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon foam nanospheres (ISA-Pd/MPNC). This synthetic strategy has been proved to be applicable to prepare other ISA-M/MPNC (M = Pt and Cu) materials. This ISA-Pd/MPNC catalyst with both high specific surface area (633.8 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> ) and remarkably thin pore wall (1-2 nm) exhibits higher activity than that of its nonmesoporous counterpart (ISA-Pd/non-MPNC) catalyst by a factor of 4. This work presents an efficient way to tailor and optimize the catalytic activity and selectivity by atomic-scale design and structural control.
Use of electrospray mass spectrometry to assay chemical reactivity of an acyl carrier protein involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora erythraea (1991)

Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) is used to monitor the chemical reactivity of the thiol-containing 4′-phosphopantetheine residue of an acyl carrier protein implicated in fatty acid biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora erythraea.
SEU Cross Section Calculation Based on Experimental Data of Another kind of Particle (2014)

International audience
Community portals and collective goods: conversation archives as an information resource (2005)

Prior research investigating online communities has revealed several different types of communities, including those that are formed to support members with shared professional interests. One characteristic of these online communities is the creation and stewardship of collective goods. One particularly interesting example of such a collective good is the archive that is created out of the online conversation among the group members. In this paper, an online community of news reporters is examined in order to understand the use and general awareness of the archived conversation as a valuable information resource. A content analysis of a sample of the archived messages was completed and revealed considerable awareness and use of the archive among the community members. In addition, there was evidence of developing social norms that included searching the conversation archive for information before posting a new question. As the value of the archived conversation increases for a community, so does the need for better ways to browse and search the contents. A new data display, called a conversation map, was developed and is presented as a means to better grasp the rhythms and patterns of the archived discourse. These conversation maps illustrate temporal patterns of the group as a whole, as well as the message patterns of individual participants.