gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Embedded Java (2005)

Although Java first gained fame with applets in Web browsers and then became a popular tool for creating large enterprise services, the developers of Java originally intended it for embedded applications in consumer devices such as TV remote controls and Personal Data Assistants (see Chapter 1). The term “embedded” generally refers to encapsulating a processor into a device, along with programs stored in non-volatile memory, to provide services and features specific to that device. Microcontrollers, for example, are the most common type of embedded processors.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of β‐Keto Thioesters for the Exceptionally Mild Preparation of β‐Keto Amides. (1987)

Abstract The β‐keto thioloesters (I) react with the amines (II) in the presence of silver ions to give the β‐keto amides (III).
Aperture coupled unidirectional dielectric radiator (UDR) and UDR array for microwave and millimeter-wave wireless communications (1995)

Experimental and analytical results of unidirectional dielectric radiator arrays (UDRA) are presented for the first time in this paper. Attractive performance, due to the use of nonradiating dielectric waveguide (NRD) structures, are demonstrated. Particularly, the feed technique, where the UDR and UDRA are coupled through a small aperture to a microstrip line with its ground plane serving also as the shielding plane of the NRD structure, are described. Measurement results show that the coupling efficiency and radiation efficiency are very high and the mechanical tolerance very good. Such a circuit configuration allows the combination of planar millimeter wave M(H)MIC techniques and NRD techniques in one system for the best use of different techniques for different functions. This type of antenna is well suited for microwave/millimeter-wave wireless communications.
The PTEN/Akt Pathway Dictates the Direct αVβ3-Dependent Growth-Inhibitory Action of an Active Fragment of Tumstatin in Glioma Cells In vitro and In vivo (2006)

The collagen type IV cleavage fragment tumstatin and its active subfragments bind to integrin alpha(V)beta(3) and inhibit activation of focal adhesion kinase, phophoinositol-3 kinase, Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in what is thought to be an endothelial cell-specific manner. The resultant endothelial cell apoptosis accounts for the ability of tumstatin to function as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and an indirect suppressor of tumor growth. We hypothesized that the inability of tumstatin to directly suppress tumor cell growth might be the result of the constitutive activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway commonly seen in tumors. Consistent with this idea, several integrin alpha(V)beta(3)-expressing glioma cell lines with PTEN mutations and high levels of phospho-Akt (pAkt) were unaffected by exposure to an active fragment of tumstatin (T3), whereas alpha(V)beta(3)-expressing glioma cell lines with a functional PTEN/low levels of pAkt exhibited T3-induced growth suppression that could be bypassed by small interfering RNA-mediated suppression of PTEN, introduction of a constitutively expressed Akt, or introduction of the Akt and mTOR target eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E. The direct tumor-suppressive actions of T3 were further shown in an alpha(V)beta(3)-deficient in vivo mouse model in which T3, while unable to alter the tumstatin-insensitive vasculature contributed by the alpha(V)beta(3)-deficient host, nonetheless suppressed the growth and proliferative index of i.c. implanted alpha(V)beta(3)-expressing PTEN-proficient glioma cells. These results show that tumstatin, previously considered to be only an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, also directly inhibits the growth of tumors in a manner dependent on Akt/mTOR activation.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia OleC‐Catalyzed ATP‐Dependent Formation of Long‐Chain Z‐Olefins from 2‐Alkyl‐3‐hydroxyalkanoic Acids (2016)

The bacterial pathway of olefin biosynthesis starts with OleA catalyzed "head-to-head" condensation of two CoA-activated long-chain fatty acids to generate (R)-2-alkyl-3-ketoalkanoic acids. A subsequent OleD-catalyzed reduction generates (2R,3S)-2-alkyl-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids. We now show that the final step in the pathway is an OleC-catalyzed ATP-dependent decarboxylative dehydration to form the corresponding Z olefins. Higher kcat /Km values were seen for substrates with longer alkyl chains. All four stereoisomers of 2-hexyl-3-hydroxydecanoic acid were shown to be substrates, and GC-MS and NMR analyses confirmed that the product in each case was (Z)-pentadec-7-ene. LC-MS analysis supported the formation of AMP adduct as an intermediate. The enzymatic and stereochemical course of olefin biosynthesis from long-chain fatty acids by OleA, OleD and OleC is now established.
Effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in individuals aged 55 years or above: potential benefits of daily stimulation (2019)

Ageing is associated with attenuated autonomic function. Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tVNS) improved autonomic function in healthy young participants. We therefore investigated the effects of a single session of tVNS (studies 1 and 2) and tVNS administered daily for two weeks (study 3) in volunteers aged ≥ 55 years. tVNS was performed using modified surface electrodes on the tragus and connected to a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) machine. Study 1: participants (n=14) received a single session of tVNS and sham. Study 2: all participants (n=51) underwent a single session of tVNS. Study 3: participants (n=29) received daily tVNS for two weeks. Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were derived. Quality of life (QoL), mood and sleep were assessed in study 3. tVNS promoted increases in measures of vagal tone and was associated with greater increases in baroreflex sensitivity than sham. Two weeks of daily tVNS improved measures of autonomic function, and some aspects of QoL, mood and sleep. Importantly, findings showed that improvements in measures of autonomic balance were more pronounced in participants with greater baseline sympathetic prevalence. This suggests it may be possible to identify individuals who are likely to encounter significant benefits from tVNS.
Automatically Generating Questions from Queries for Community-based Question Answering (2011)

This paper proposes a method that automatically generates questions from queries for community-based question answering (cQA) services. Our query-to-question generation model is built upon templates induced from search engine query logs. In detail, we first extract pairs of queries and user-clicked questions from query logs, with which we induce question generation templates. Then, when a new query is submitted, we select proper templates for the query and generate questions through template instantiation. We evaluated the method with a set of short queries randomly selected from query logs, and the generated questions were judged by human annotators. Experimental results show that, the precision of 1-best and 5-best generated questions is 67 % and 61%, respectively, which outperforms a baseline method that directly retrieves questions for queries in a cQA site search engine. In addition, the results also suggest that the proposed method can improve the search of cQA archives. 1
Listening for Reflections [President's Column] (2012)

Presents the President's message for this issue of the publication.
Dimethylformamide: an effective dispersant for making ceramic–carbon nanotube composites (2008)

Carbon nanotube (CNT) and alumina dispersions were prepared separately in dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol by ultrasonication. The colloidal stability of the dispersions was monitored and a particle size analysis was performed to evaluate the size range of the agglomerates after different times. DMF was found to be a much more effective dispersant than ethanol for making stable, homogeneous CNT and composite dispersions. Alumina-CNT (4.65 vol%) nanocomposites were sintered in a spark plasma sintering (SPS) furnace. DMF dispersions produced homogeneously distributed and agglomerate-free CNT-alumina nanocomposites with higher electrical conductivity as compared to nanocomposites prepared using ethanol.
Dynamic mapping for multiview autostereoscopic displays (2015)

Multiview autostereoscopic displays have several image artifacts which prevent widespread adoption. Crosstalk between adjacent views is often severe, stereo inversion occurs at some head positions, and legacy 2-view content is difficult to display correctly. We introduce a method for driving multiview displays, dynamically assigning views to hardware display zones, based on potentially multiple observer's current head positions. Rather than using a static one-to-one mapping of views to zones, the mapping is updated in real time, with some views replicated on multiple zones, and some zones left blank. Quantitative and visual evaluation demonstrates that this method substantially reduces crosstalk.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of properties in heterocycles containing the aminosulphonylamino moiety (1996)

A theoretical and experimental analysis of the geometric and electronic properties of compounds containing the aminosulphonylamino moiety was carried out. The theoretical properties were calculated using molecular orbital ab initio methods at the Hartree-Fock (HF) and second order Möller-Plesset (MP2) levels of theory, local density functional (LDF) ab initio methods and the semi-ab initio method, SAM1, on sulphamide and seven heterocyclic compounds containing the aminosulphonylamino group. The experimental analysis has been performed using x-ray structures of related compounds gathered in the Cambridge Structural Database together with experimental dipole moments and 13CNMR shifts of some of the compounds studied. Comparison of the experimental analysis with the theoretical results indicates that none of the methods studied is the most adequate to describe the geometry and electronic distribution of these molecules. The use of the 6-31G* basis set to compute the geometry of these molecules and methods which include electronic correlation (MP2/61G*//RHF/6-31G*, MP2/6-31G* and LDF) to quantify their electronic distribution are proposed.
Multivariate Prediction of Subcutaneous Glucose Concentration in Type 1 Diabetes Patients Based on Support Vector Regression (2012)

Data-driven techniques have recently drawn significant interest in the predictive modeling of subcutaneous (s.c.) glucose concentration in type 1 diabetes. In this study, the s.c. glucose prediction is treated as a multivariate regression problem, which is addressed using support vector regression (SVR). The proposed method is based on variables concerning: (i) the s.c. glucose profile, (ii) the plasma insulin concentration, (iii) the appearance of meal-derived glucose in the systemic circulation, and (iv) the energy expenditure during physical activities. Six cases corresponding to different combinations of the aforementioned variables are used to investigate the influence of the input on the daily glucose prediction. The proposed method is evaluated using a dataset of 27 patients in free-living conditions. 10-fold cross validation is applied to each dataset individually to both optimize and test the SVR model. In the case where all the input variables are considered, the average prediction errors are 5.21, 6.03, 7.14 and 7.62 mg/dl for 15, 30, 60 and 120 min prediction horizons, respectively. The results clearly indicate that the availability of multivariable data and their effective combination can significantly increase the accuracy of both short-term and long-term predictions.
Fire hazard and other safety concerns of PV systems (2011)

Photovoltaic modules are usually considered safe and reliable. But in case of grid-connected PV systems that are becoming very popular, the issue of fire safety of PV modules is becoming increasingly important due to the employed high voltages of 600 V to 1000 V. The two main factors i.e. open circuiting of the bypass diode and ground fault that are responsible for the fire in the PV systems have been discussed in detail along with numerous real life examples. Recommendations are provided for preventing the fire hazards such as having at least class C fire rated PV modules, proper bypass and blocking diodes and interestingly, having an ungrounded PV system.
A maximum entropy method for lightwave system performance evaluation (1987)

A constrained maximum entropy criterion is used to approximate the cumulative distribution function of the photocurrent generated by an avalanche photodiode in response to an incident information-bearing optical signal. The approximate distribution, derived from known moments of the photocurrent, is used to evaluate the probability of error in direct detection lightwave systems. In this application, the results of the maximum entropy method are equivalent to those of a Gauss quadrature rule method. However the maximum entropy method exhibits a relative efficiency in terms of the required number of moments of the photocurrent.
Tokenized Data Markets (2018)

We formalize the construction of decentralized data markets by introducing the mathematical construction of tokenized data structures, a new form of incentivized data structure. These structures both specialize and extend past work on token curated registries and distributed data structures. They provide a unified model for reasoning about complex data structures assembled by multiple agents with differing incentives. We introduce a number of examples of tokenized data structures and introduce a simple mathematical framework for analyzing their properties. We demonstrate how tokenized data structures can be used to instantiate a decentralized, tokenized data market, and conclude by discussing how such decentralized markets could prove fruitful for the further development of machine learning and AI.
On development way of TCM medical organization under current situation (2007)

To explore the development way of TCM medical organization under current situation. In this paper, it pointed out the opportunity and challenge of TCM medical organization and its countermeasures from the angle of hospital management.
A ready-to-use acidic calcium phosphate cement (2018)

Premixed calcium phosphate cements have been developed to simplify the usage of traditional calcium phosphate cements and reduce the influence of the setting reaction on the delivery process. Howev ...
Phenomenological classification of metals based on resistivity (2021)

Efforts to understand metallic behaviour have led to important concepts such as those of strange metal, bad metal or Planckian metal. However, a unified description of metallic resistivity is still missing. An empirical analysis of a large variety of metals shows that the parallel resistor formalism used in the cuprates, which includes T-linear and T-quadratic dependence of the electron scattering rates, can be used to provide a phenomenological description of the electrical resistivity in all metals, where these two contributions are shown to correspond to the two first terms of a Taylor expansion of the resistivity, detached of their physics origin, and thus, valid for any metal. Here we show that the different metallic classes are then determined by the relative magnitude of these two components and the magnitude of the extrapolated residual resistivity. These two parameters allow to categorize a few systems that are notoriously hard to ascribe to one of the currently accepted metallic classes. This approach also reveals that the T-linear term has a common origin in all cases, strengthening the arguments that propose the universal character of the Planckian dissipation bound.
The influence of extraction method and conditions on the concentration of flavonoids in the extracts of rowanberries (2019)

For the extraction, rowanberries (collected in 2017 and 2018) and aqueous solutions of various concentrations of ethanol (50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 96%) in a ratio of 1:10 were used. Different types of extraction methods (extraction under static conditions, Soxhlet extraction and ultrasound assisted extraction) were tested. Using different types of extraction methods, it was found that irrespective of the method chosen when the concentration of ethanol increases, the concentration of total flavonoids also increases. Using collected rowanberries in 2017, the highest and similar numerical value of the concentration of total flavonoids was reached when an ultrasound bath was used 20 min for extraction (0.512%) using a magnetic stirrer for 90 min (0.498%). In both cases, a 96% aqueous ethanol solution was used. The highest total concentration of flavonoids in the extracts of rowanberries collected in 2018, obtained under static extraction conditions, using a 96% aqueous ethanol solution, was 0.525%, in 2017 it was 0.418%.
Anomaly detection in RFID systems (2011)

The level of sophistication exhibited by RFID tags is affected by not only their financial cost but also their ability to provide (extensive) cryptographic functionalities. It follows that low-cost tags offer no real control access. To tackle this issue, we propose an anomaly detection system that attempts to identify deviations from normal behaviour. In practice, subjects are equipped with RFID tags in order to be constantly located. Then, a user’s profile is built, relying on the Kohonen’s maps that constitute an efficient way for automatically categorising and further compare the tag behaviour against the normal user’s behaviour (as expressed in the user’s profile).
Structurally Diverse Diazafluorene-Ligated Palladium(II) Complexes and Their Implications for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions (2016)

4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one (DAF) has been identified as a highly effective ligand in a number of Pd-catalyzed oxidation reactions, but the mechanistic basis for its utility has not been elucidated. Here, we present the complex coordination chemistry of DAF and palladium(II) carboxylate salts. Multiple complexes among an equilibrating mixture of species have been characterized by (1)H and (15)N NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. These complexes include monomeric and dimeric Pd(II) species, with monodentate (κ(1)), bidentate (κ(2)), and bridging (μ:κ(1):κ(1)) DAF coordination modes. Titration studies of DAF and Pd(OAc)2 reveal the formation of two dimeric DAF/Pd(OAc)2 complexes at low [DAF] and four monomeric species at higher [DAF]. The dimeric complexes feature two bridging acetate ligands together with either a bridging or nonbridging (κ(1)) DAF ligand coordinated to each Pd(II) center. The monomeric structures consist of three isomeric Pd(κ(1)-DAF)2(OAc)2 complexes, together with Pd(κ(2)-DAF)(OAc)2 in which the DAF exhibits a traditional bidentate coordination mode. Replacing DAF with the structurally related, but more-electron-rich derivative 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-diazafluorene (Me2DAF) simplifies the equilibrium mixture to two complexes: a dimeric species in which the Me2DAF bridges the two Pd centers and a monomeric species with a traditional κ(2)-Me2DAF coordination mode. The use of DAF in combination with other carboxylate ligands (CF3CO2(-) or tBuCO2(-)) also results in a simplified collection of equilibrating Pd(II)-DAF complexes. Collectively, the results highlight the ability of DAF to equilibrate rapidly among multiple coordination modes, and provide valuable insights into the utility of DAF as a ligand in Pd-catalyzed oxidation reactions.
Generation of Drawing Sensation by Surface Acoustic Wave Tactile Display on Graphics Tablet (2012)

This paper describes pen interface using a surface acoustic wave tactile display. Using the display, tactile sensation like a feeling of drawing with a charcoal can be generated. Combined with a graphics tablet with an LCD, it is possible to generate both visual information and tactile sensation dynamically. To add reality of sensation, control referring to m-sequence random number is proposed and described in this paper. Measurement results of pen vibration during rubbing the display with the reference and those without it were compared. FFT analysis results of the pen vibration are also compared.
Reduced progranulin increases tau and α -synuclein inclusions and alters phenotypes of tauopathy mice via glucocerebrosidase (2022)

Abstract Comorbid proteinopathies are observed in many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), increase with age, and influence clinical outcomes, yet the mechanisms remain ill-defined. Here, we show that reduction of progranulin (PGRN), a lysosomal protein associated with TDP-43 proteinopathy, also increases tau inclusions, causes concomitant accumulation of α -synuclein and worsens mortality and disinhibited behaviors in tauopathy mice. The increased inclusions paradoxically protect against spatial memory deficit and hippocampal neurodegeneration. PGRN reduction with tau pathology attenuates activity of β -glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a protein previously associated with synucleinopathy, while increasing glucosylceramide (GlcCer)-positive tau inclusions. In neuronal culture, GCase inhibition enhances tau aggregation induced by AD-tau. Furthermore, purified GlcCer directly promotes tau aggregation in vitro . Neurofibrillary tangles in human tauopathies are also GlcCer-immunoreactive. Thus, in addition to TDP-43, PGRN regulates tau- and synucleinopathies via GCase and GlcCer. A lysosomal PGRN–GCase pathway may be a common therapeutic target for age-related comorbid proteinopathies.
Histological Injury to Rat Brain, Liver, and Kidneys by Gold Nanoparticles is Dose-Dependent (2022)

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) possess various interesting plasmonic properties that can provide a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities for biomedical applications. Compared to other inorganic metal nanoparticles (NPs), GNPs are less toxic and more biocompatible. However, the <i>in vivo</i> toxicity of gold nanoparticles on humans can be significant due to the size effect. This work aims to study the effect of multiple doses of small-size (≈20 nm) GNPs on the vital organs of Wistar rats. The study includes the oxidative stress in vital organs (liver, brain, and kidney) caused by GNPs and histopathology analysis. The rats were given a single caudal injection of NPs dispersed in PBS at 25, 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg of body weight. After sacrifice, both plasma and organs were collected for the determination of oxidant/antioxidant markers and histological studies. Our data show the high sensitivity of oxidative stress parameters to the GNPs in the brain, liver, and kidneys. However, the response to this stress is different between the organs and depends upon the antioxidant defense, where GSH levels control the MDA and PCO levels. Histological alterations are mild at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg but significant at higher concentrations of 250 mg/kg. Therefore, histological impairments are shown to be dependent on the dose of GNPs. The results contribute to the understanding of oxidative stress and cellular interaction induced by nanoparticles.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Substituted 2,3‐Dihydro‐6‐mercapto‐1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐thioxo‐4(3H)‐ pyrimidinones and Their 6‐Acylthio Derivatives with Platelet Antiaggregating, Antiinflammatory, Antiarrhythmic, Antihyperlipidemic and Other Activities. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.