gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Thermodynamic Combined Cycle Design Parameters Using Multi Objective and Multi Variable Optimisation Methodologies to Achieve 65% Combined Cycle Power Plant Net Efficient (2016)

Clean and cost-effective power generation is the key factor to cope with imposed challenges of competing technologies in the energy market. Improvements in thermal power generation efficiency will significantly contribute to the goals of reducing emissions and cost of electricity, thereby increasing their competitiveness. However, targeted high efficiency levels (e.g., 65% combined cycle power plant net efficiency) cannot be achieved with today’s technology. One of the main difficulties is the appropriate distribution of technology challenges among various combined cycle equipment. Optimization of the early phases of innovation in the product development for future technologies is key for their sustainability and increased likelihood of economic success. For this purpose a combined cycle power plant initial design methodology was developed with the help of the Original Equipment Manufacturers, OEMs. As the main advantage, this approach is able to combine current OEM’s state of the art in product technology with an educated guess for near future technology development. The application of the developed methodology is done on the exploration of the design parameters of new technologies to achieve 65% combined cycle power plant net efficiency. The results highlight the interdependence of the topping and bottoming cycle thermodynamic performance parameters and a large number of potential designs achieving 65% efficiency was identified. The technical realization of found thermodynamic performance parameters would be evaluated later in terms of their technological challenge and economic viability. In this respect the integrative combined cycle power plant optimization methodology is the key to analyze existing limitations and explore new technologies in order to constantly increase the value for power plant customers.
Analytical and clinical validation of an RNA sequencing-based assay for quantitative, accurate evaluation of a molecular signature response classifier in rheumatoid arthritis (2021)

The MSRC is a robust assay that accurately and reproducibly detects an RA patient's molecular signature of non-response to TNFi therapies.
Salting in (2017)

Approaches for analytical-scale extraction are developing rapidly as new strategies are implemented to improve sample throughput, to minimize material use in laboratory methods, and to develop on-site capabilities. In this contribution, definitions and recommendations for symbols for the terms used in analytical extraction are presented. Exhaustive, microextraction, elevated temperature, microwave- and ultrasound-assisted, parallel batch, flow through systems, and membrane extraction approaches are discussed. An associated tutorial titled “Extraction” provides a detailed introduction to the topic.
Flow optimizer architecture designs in high powered computing coolant chambers (2017)

With the ever increasing trend of cramming more transistors on the silicon and the consequential increase in the thermal design power, combined with stacked die and multiple die configurations inside the package footprint, optimized coolant chambers becomes an imperative design need to remove heat efficiently from the silicon. Liquid cooling is investigated to efficiently meet the challenges of high heat loads on several different fin geometries, lowering thermal resistance, and lower noise. Branching flow evenly inside the coolant chamber is vital for optimal performance of the chamber. In this paper, we present computational investigations for improving the thermal performance of a liquid-cooled chamber by optimizing the coolant flow inside the chamber with the aid of novel symmetric baffles strategically located at the inlet and outlet. Flow animation visualization from CFD simulations also show that the baffle introduces turbulence inside the liquid-cooled chamber eliminating stagnant zones especially in the corners. A numerical conjugate convection in the channel and conduction on the fin plate/substrate heat transfer model was developed and setup to run for seven different fin geometries using Ansys Icepak CFD solver. A k-ε model was used to predict the turbulent flow and heat transfer through all the different finned coolant chamber. A new type of miniaturized fin, based on the NACA-0020 airfoil is introduced as a staggered array of pin fin configuration inside liquid cooled chambers and computationally investigated at several inlet velocities ranging from 0.5 m/s to 3.0 m/s (2000 ≤ Re ≤ 12,000) characterizing the variation of surface Nusselt number with Reynolds number. Surface Nusselt number, a dimensionless heat transfer coefficient is investigated along the surfaces of all the fins to predict the convective cooling capability of the fins being considered. Simulation results reveal that NACA-0020 airfoil fin structure with a 0.23 airfoil thickness-to chord length ratio, has the best performance compared against all the other fins investigated in this study. The findings from this investigation can improve thermal performance of liquid cooled heat sinks across a wide range of package powers.
Lipid-tubular network formation for biochemical reaction (2007)

Here we describe liposome connecting tubular networks as a chemical reactor system. Two types of cell-sized liposomes are prepared by natural swelling method. The one was encapsulating <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">vitro</i> gene-expression system (without DNA) and the other was including plasmid DNA coding green fluorescent protein (GFP). After mixing them gently, ganglioside GM3 was added for the connecting liposomes to network formation. The gene expression was checked by confocal scanning fluorescent microscopy. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assay supports the diffusive transfer could be driven the reaction. Proteoliposome network formation was also demonstrated from <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">vitro</i> synthesized membrane protein cytochrome b5 on liposomes. These result should be used for constructing membrane protein array or artificial-cellular reaction cluster.
Reinoculation with Multiple Antigen Preparations of Free-Living Children Previously Inoculated with Multiple Antigen Preparations (1953)

Reinoculation with Multiple Antigen Preparations of Free-Living Children Previously Inoculated with Multiple Antigen Preparations V. K. Volk, Franklin H. Top, and William E. Bunney CopyRight*This study was made possible by an annual grant by E. R. Squibb & Sons who also provided all the biologic preparations. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.43.7.821 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Assignment Algorithms For The Passive Sensor Data Association Problem (1989)

This paper is concerned with the problem of associating measurements from multiple passive line-of-sight only sensors in the presence of clutter, missed detections and unknown number of targets. The measurement-target association problem is formulated as one of maximizing the joint likelihood function of the measurement partition. Mathematically, this formulation of the data association problem leads to a generalization of the multi-dimensional matching problem, which is known to be NP-complete ( of non polynomial complexity ) when the number of sensors S &ge; 3. Suboptimal algorithms are therefore of considerable importance. In this paper we present two suboptimal algorithms - a backtracking algorithm with a complexity of order 0(M in M), where M is the number of possible measurement-target associations, and a relaxation algorithm that successively solves a series of generalized two-dimensional assignment problems, with the worst case complexity of 0(3k n3 ), where n is the number of reports from each sensor, and k is the number of relaxation iterations. The performance of the backtracking algorithm is guaranteed to be much better than the &quot;row-column&quot; heuristic, which has complexity of 0(M). A nice feature of the relaxation approach is that the resulting primal and dual solutions provide a measure of how close the solution is to the (perhaps unknowable) optimal solution in terms of the duality gap. For the passive sensor data association problem, the duality gaps are typically less than 1%. We present comparisons between the two algorithms in terms of performance and time complexity in the context of passive sensor data-association problem involving three sensors. Both of the algorithms are tested on a wide variety of scenarios involving a wide range of target densities, measurement accuracy, and false alarm and missed-detection probabilities.
Arm-Cleavable Microgel Star Polymers: A Versatile Strategy for Direct Core Analysis and Functionalization (2014)

Arm-cleavable microgel star polymers were developed, where the arm chains can readily be cleaved by acidolysis after the synthesis, allowing isolation of the core, direct analysis of its structure, and also the creation of functional nanometer-sized microgels. The key is to employ a macroinitiator (PEG-acetal-Cl) that carries an acetal linkage between a poly(ethylene glycol) arm chain and a chloride initiating site. From this, star polymers were synthesized via the linking reaction with a divinyl monomer and a ruthenium catalyst in living radical polymerization. The arms were subsequently cleaved by acidolysis of the acetal linker to give soluble microgels (cores free from arms). Full characterization revealed that the microgel cores are spherical, nano-sized (<20 nm), and of relatively low density. Amphiphilic, water-soluble, and thermosensitive arm-free microgels can be obtained by additionally employing functional methacrylate upon arm linking.
Isolation and sequence of the gene for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from the cyanobacterium Anabaena 7120 (1983)

Cloned DNA probes containing genes coding for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcA) of corn and of Chlamydomonas were used to identify, by heterologous hybridization, DNA fragments from Anabaena 7120 carrying the corresponding gene sequence. The same probes were used to isolate, from a recombinant lambda library, a 17-kilobase-pair EcoRI Anabaena DNA fragment containing the coding sequence for the rbcA gene. The entire coding sequence, as well as 210 base pairs of 5' flanking region and 210 base pairs of 3' flanking region, was determined. Comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences with those of corn, spinach, Chlamydomonas, and Synechococcus rbcA genes revealed homology of 71-77% at the nucleotide level and 80-85% at the amino acid level. Conservation of sequence is lost immediately outside the coding region on either side. Codon usage in the Anabaena rbcA gene is not significantly different from that in the Anabaena genes for nitrogenase reductase and nitrogenase beta subunit.
Induction of Colicin Production by High Temperature or Inhibition of Protein Synthesis (1971)

Escherichia coli K-12 colicinogenic for ColE1 yielded mutants that appeared to produce colicin at 43 C but not at 30 or 37. These mutants proved to have the mutation recA(-) Further study revealed that both recA(-) and recA(+) bacteria, when carrying ColE1 or ColE2, produce more colicin during growth at higher temperatures or after brief exposure to temperatures beyond the growth range. Counts of lacunae demonstrated that the increase of colicin production is due to an increase in the number of cells that yield colicin. Heat treatment causes lacunae to increase by the same factor in recA(+) and recA(-) cells, although recA(-) bacteria produce 500 times fewer lacunae than recA(+). Inhibition of protein synthesis, notably by chloramphenicol, also induces colicin production in as much as 90% of the cells after removal of inhibition (to permit colicin synthesis). Induction of colicin production by chloramphenicol requires that ribonucleic acid synthesis continue during the period of inhibition. These results are discussed in relation to the regulation of colicin production.
Isotopic versus micrometeorologic ocean CO2 fluxes: A serious conflict (1986)

Eddy correlation measurements over the ocean give CO 2 fluxes an order of magnitude or more larger than expected from mass balance measurements using radiocarbon and radon 222. In particular, Smith and Jones (1985) reported large upward and downward fluxes in a surf zone at supersaturations of 15% and attributed them to the equilibration of bubbles at elevated pressures. They argue that even on the open ocean such bubble injection may create steady state CO 2 supersaturations and that inferences of fluxes based on air‐sea pCO 2 differences and radon exchange velocities must be made with caution. We defend the global average CO 2 exchange rate determined by three independent radioisotopic means: prebomb radiocarbon inventories; global surveys of mixed layer radon deficits; and oceanic uptake of bomb‐produced radiocarbon. We argue that laboratory and lake data do not lead one to expect fluxes as large as reported from the eddy correlation technique; that the radon method of determining exchange velocities is indeed useful for estimating CO 2 fluxes; that supersaturations of CO 2 due to bubble injection on the open ocean are negligible; that the hypothesis that Smith and Jones advance cannot account for the fluxes that they report; and that the pCO 2 values reported by Smith and Jones are likely to be systematically much too high. The CO 2 fluxes for the ocean measured to date by the micrometeorological method can be reconciled with neither the observed concentrations of radioisotopes of radon and carbon in the oceans nor the tracer experiments carried out in lakes and in wind/wave tunnels.
SmartSwim, a Novel IMU-Based Coaching Assistance (2022)

Swimming coaches provide regular timed and technical feedback to swimmers and guide them efficiently in training sessions. Due to the complexity of swimmers’ performance, which is not visible in qualitative observation, quantitative and objective performance evaluation can better assist the coach in this regard. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are used in swimming for objective performance evaluation. In this study, we propose a new performance evaluation feedback (SmartSwim) using IMU and investigate its effects on the swimmer’s weekly progress. Measurements were conducted each week with 15 competitive swimmers for 10 weeks using a Sacrum IMU. The SmartSwim report included a comprehensive representation of performance based on goal metrics of each phase extracted from the IMU signals. The swimmers were divided into two groups: the experimental and control groups. The SmartSwim report for each swimmer in the experimental group was given to the coach, who used it to adjust the training accordingly. The results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group when comparing each swimmer, each session and the whole sessions. At the level of each individual, more members of the experimental group showed significant downward trend of average lap time (Mann-Kendall trend test, 95% confidence level). While comparing the sessions, the experimental group showed significantly lower lap time than the control group from the sixth session onwards (p-value < 0.05 from t-test). Considering all sessions, the experimental group showed significantly higher progress, lower average lap time, and more consistent records (Mann-Whitney U test at 95% confidence level) than the control group. This study demonstrated that SmartSwim can assist coaching by quantitatively assessing swimmers’ performance, leading to more efficient training.
Resistive Ribbon Thermal Transfer Printing (1987)

Resistive Ribbon Thermal Transfer Printing (1-3) is the basic technology used in the IBM &quot;Quietwriter&quot; Printer family. This technology is a non-impact technology that has several characteristics that make it very appropriate for use in several low-end (low speed), high quality office printing and publishing systems. At the present time the available Resistive Ribbon printers have been designed to have characteristics and resolution suitable for use in typewriter, word processing and related desk top publishing applications. Inherently the technology is capable of achieving higher resolution as well as demonstrating several other characteristics that can be of use in the evolving office and computer assisted publishing application areas. This paper will briefly review the Resistive Ribbon Thermal Transfer Printing technology and its associated physical and materials (chemical) requirements. Although emphasis will be placed upon the present technology, several other properties of the Resistive Ribbon technology which are potentially suited to a wider range of office and publishing applications will be discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: DNA as Supramolecular Scaffold for Functional Molecules: Progress in DNA Nanotechnology (2011)

Abstract Review: 74 refs.
Bioequivalence of 20-mg once-daily tamoxifen relative to 10-mg twice-daily tamoxifen regimens for breast cancer. (1994)

The 20-mg tamoxifen tablet taken once daily was bioequivalent to the 10-mg tamoxifen tablet taken twice daily, with no difference in relative risk. The once-daily treatment is a simpler regimen and may facilitate compliance, which may enhance therapeutic outcomes during long-term treatment of breast cancer.
Heterogeneous wireless networks: an analysis of network and service level diversity (2004)

Future wireless systems will be a collection of symbiotic and hierarchical networks that address different aspects of communication needs. This architectural heterogeneity constitutes a network level diversity, where wireless domains can benefit from each other's spare resources in terms of bandwidth and energy. The dissertation investigates the network diversity through particularly interesting scenarios that involve capacity-limited multi-hop ad hoc networks and high-bandwidth wired or wireless infrastructures. Heterogeneity and infrastructures not only exist at the level of networking technologies and architectures, but also at the level of available services in each network domain. Efficient discovery of services across the domains and allocation of service points to individual users are beneficial for facilitating the actual communication, supplying survivable services, and better utilizing the network resources. These concepts together define the service level diversity, which is the second topic studied in our dissertation. In this dissertation, we first focus on a large-scale hybrid network, where a relatively resource abundant infrastructure network overlays a multi-hop wireless network. Using a random geometric random graph model and defining appropriate connectivity constraints, we derive the overall transport capacity of this hybrid network. In the sequel, we dwell upon hybrid networks with arbitrary size and topology. We develop a Quality of Service (QoS) based framework to utilize the joint resources of the ad hoc and infrastructure tier with minimal power exposure on other symbiotic networks that operate over the same radio frequency bands. The framework requires a cross-layer approach to adequately satisfy the system objectives and individual user demands. Since the problem is proven to be intractable, we explore sub-optimal but efficient algorithms to solve it by relying on derived performance bounds. In the last part of the dissertation, we shift our attention from network level diversity to service level diversity. After investigating possible resource discovery mechanisms in conjunction with their applicability to multi-hop wireless environments, we present our own solution, namely Distributed Service Discovery Protocol (DSDP). DSDP enables a highly scalable, survivable, and fast resource discovery under a very dynamic network topology. It also provides the necessary architectural and signaling mechanisms to effectively implement resource allocation techniques.
Prognostic Significance of Serial P Wave Signal‐Averaged Electrocardiograms Following External Electrical Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Prospective Study (2003)

The authors hypothesized that the persistence of abnormal atrial conduction detected by serial P wave signal-averaged electrocardiograms (P-SAECGs) can identify patients who are at high risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation (R-AF) following electrical cardioversion (ECV). P-SAECGs were recorded in 60 consecutive patients after ECV (53 men, age 66 +/- 10 years) and repeated in those who had remained in sinus rhythm (SR) 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months later. Filtered P wave duration (PD), root mean square (RMS) voltage of the terminal 40, 30, 20 ms (RMS-40, RMS-30, RMS-20) of the filtered P wave, RMS voltage of the entire filtered P wave (RMS-p), and the integral of the voltages in the entire P wave (integral-p) were analyzed. Thirty-one (52%) patients returned to AF within 1 week, an additional 11 (18%) by 1 month, and a further 2 (3.3%) at each subsequent assessment (3 and 6 months). The patients with R-AF had longer PD (157 +/- 24 vs 143 +/- 17 ms, P < 0.0001) and lower RMS-40, RMS-30, RMS-20 (5.3 +/- 2.0 vs 6.1 +/- 3.4 microV, P = 0.007; 4.3 +/- 1.5 vs 5.7 +/- 3.2 microV, P < 0.0001; 3.6 +/- 1.4 vs 5.2 +/- 3.0 microV, P < 0.0001, respectively) than those who remained in SR. These measurements did not change significantly in either group. RMS-p increased in SR patients (P = 0.009) but decreased in those who subsequently reverted to AF (P = 0.032) with a significant difference between the slopes of the RMS-p change (P = 0.006). Integral-p decreased from the time of ECV in the R-AF group only (P = 0.0028) and created a significant difference between the two slopes (P = 0.0004). The evolution of P-SAECG parameters after ECV differs in patients whose AF recurs versus patients who remain in SR.
Hyperspectral detection algorithms: use covariances or subspaces? (2009)

There are two broad classes of hyperspectral detection algorithms.1, 2 Algorithms in the first class use the spectral covariance matrix of the background clutter; in contrast, algorithms in the second class characterize the background using a subspace model. In this paper we show that, due to the nature of hyperspectral imaging data, the two families of algorithms are intimately related. The link between the two representations of the background clutter is the low-rank of the covariance matrix of natural hyperspectral backgrounds and its relation to the spectral linear mixture model. This link is developed using the method of dominant mode rejection. Finally, the effects of regularization
Development and implementation of an electronic Clinical Dementia Rating and Financial Capacity Instrument‐Short Form (2022)

These results show initial feasibility in developing and administering online instruments to remotely assess and monitor cognitive decline along the CU to MCI/very mild dementia continuum. Validation is an important next step.