gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Osteogenesis imperfecta and other skeletal dysplasias presenting with increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester (2001)

We present two case reports of osteogenesis imperfecta associated with increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester. We also review the literature of first trimester diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias and their association with increased nuchal translucency. © 2001 Wiley Liss, Inc.
Passive harmonic modelocking of a fibre soliton ring laser (1993)

The Letter reports passive, harmonic repetition rate stabilisation at frequencies ranging from 200 MHz to 1 GHz within a passively modelocked erbium doped fibre ring laser generating 1.4 ps transform-limited soliton pulses. From observations, it is postulated the likely origin of the self-stabilisation is the long-range repulsive interaction of soliton pulses due to transverse acoustic wave excitation.
Metal plating via electrochemical reduction of oxide layers formed by electrophoretic deposition (2009)

A novel electroplating technique is proposed using simple and non-toxic aqueous solutions in contrast with conventional plating baths. The metal plating process consists of a two-step procedure, i.e., combination of well-known electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and electrochemical reduction. Initially, the EPD of metal oxide particles dispersed in pure water is performed so that an oxide layer can be formed on the electrode surface. The coating layer is then electrochemically reduced to the metallic state in a neutral electrolyte solution. Dissolution-precipitation of the oxide in the second step plays an important role in densification of the resultant metal film. This communication briefly discusses the electroplating mechanism and the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Deadline-based resource management for information-centric networks (2013)

Unlike in traditional IP-based end-to-end network sessions, in information-centric networks the data source may change during a communication session. Therefore the response time to subsequent data requests may vary significantly depending on whether data comes from nearby cache, or a distant source. This is a complication for designing resource management, reliability and other algorithms, that traditionally use RTT measurements for determining when data is considered lost and should be retransmitted (along with related congestion control adjustments). This paper discusses a different approach for designing resource management in information-centric networks: data packets are assigned with a lifetime, that is used as a basis for scheduling and resource management in the network, and for congestion control and retransmission logic at the end hosts. We demonstrate an initial evaluation of this approach based on ns-3 simulations on CCN framework.
Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography of Necrotizing Scleritis (2009)

A polarization-sensitive swept-source optical coherence tomography system (central wavelength: 1,310 nm; A-line rate: 20 kHz) was developed to evaluate the three-dimensional structure of the anterior eye segment with the phase retardation associated with the anterior segment birefringence of the eyes. Evaluation of normal eyes and an eye with necrotizing scleritis was performed. In the sclera of the normal eyes, a striking polarization change was observed in the cumulative phase retardation images and the boundary of the sclera could be readily detected. In the eye with necrotizing scleritis, phase retardation at the sclera was low in an extensive area; this implied diffuse destruction of the collagen tissue in the sclera had occurred. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography is useful as a contrast engine of the anterior eye segment and for the evaluation of pathological change in the sclera.
The Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to Human Corneocytes (1986)

Staphylococcus aureus has a peculiar ability to colonize the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. We examined the possibility that this might be due to a specific ability of this pathogenic staphylococcus to adhere to atopic stratum corneum. We used an in vitro model to show that S aureus does have an unusual ability to adhere to atopic corneocytes when compared with corneocytes obtained from patients with other cutaneous diseases, including psoriasis. Protein A--a component of the staphylococcal cell wall--may be responsible in part for this adherence phenomenon. This trait did not extend to the other gram-positive bacteria tested.
Scene classification in compressed and constrained domain (2011)

Holistic representations of natural scenes are an effective and powerful source of information for semantic classification and analysis of images. Despite the technological hardware and software advances, consumer single-sensor imaging devices technology are quite far from the ability of recognising scenes and/or to exploit the visual content during (or after) acquisition time. The frequency domain has been successfully exploited to holistically encode the content of natural scenes in order to obtain a robust representation for scene classification. The authors exploit a holistic representation of the scene in the discrete cosine transform domain fully compatible with the JPEG format. The advised representation is coupled with a logistic classifier to perform classification of the scene at superordinate level of description (e.g. natural against artificial), or to discriminate between multiple classes of scenes usually acquired by a consumer imaging device (e.g. portrait, landscape and document). The proposed method is able to work in constrained domain. Experiments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results closely match state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy outperforming in terms of computational resources.
Research on AORBCO Model and It’s Description Language (2018)

Abstract This paper improves the AORBCO model based on the four characteristics of intelligence-self conscious, mutual representation, fuzziness and dynamics, and designs a description language of AORBCO model. The language describes the self-consciousness of an agent with its’ five components-belief, desire, ability, planning and behavior control mechanism. The components of entities including acquaintances of an agent and objects known by the agent are as the starting point to characterize the mutual representation of intelligence. Introducing and updating of the weights to express the closely degree of relationship among entities are to simulate the fuzzy of intelligence. The behavior control mechanism of the agent makes the intelligent dynamics realization. The AORBCO description language based on XML makes the expression form and content of the resources unify through the definition of correlative marks, which is convenient for people and computers to understand the semantics of language components. The essence of space and time is also revealed in this paper.
Editor's Notice (June 1968) (1968)

With this issue the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits completes its second full year of publication. This Journal is sponsored by the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Council on behalf of the Groups on Circuit Theory, Electron Devices, Electronic Computers, Microwave Theory and Techniques, and Magnetics. Its paramount objective is to bring to the members of these groups a new and stronger level of reporting in a major technical area that previously had not been served by a single publication. The interests of the Journal in the technical area of solid-state circuits correspond well with the content of the annual International Solid-State Circuits Conference. As sponsor of the Journal and cosponsor of the ISSCC, the Solid-State Circuits Council has provided a salutory connection between these two complementary activities.
Adjustment of Virtual Mannequins Through Anthropometric Measurements, Cluster Analysis, and Content-Based Retrieval of 3-D Body Scans (2007)

Computer-generated models of the human body generally do not adequately model the complex human morphology. These models, therefore, do not reflect the anthropometric realities and are not specific enough for commercial use. This paper presents an approach to adjust virtual models through the use of body measurements, as obtained from an anthropometric data set. In this approach, the measurements are used in grouping 3D body scans, which are obtained using precise optoelectronic measurement devices, into clusters. The virtual mannequins are then adjusted by using the measurements of the nearest cluster member. In this way, realistic accurate virtual mannequins are created.
Evaluation of Electrostatic Screen Battery for Emissions Control (ESBEC) with Diesel Emissions (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;We recently developed a novel diesel emissions control device, Electrostatic Screen Battery for Emissions Control (ESBEC), where diesel exhaust particles are collected onto metal screens using electrostatic principle. This paper focuses on further development of this technology: design and integration of a particle charger and testing of ESBEC with diesel exhaust. Two units - 0.038 and 0.152 m (1.5 and 6 inches) in diameter - were fabricated using 3D printing. Both units feature cylinder-shaped housing integrating the electrical charger and up to seven pairs of metal screens, which collect airborne particles. In the small-scale version, particles are charged by ions emitted from a carbon fiber brush, while in the large-scale version, this is done by using two tungsten wires traversing the cross-section of ESBEC in a crisscross pattern. Small-scale version showed average collection efficiency of 80% over a wide range of diesel exhaust mass concentrations (5 to 400 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) and 1.5 m/s diesel exhaust face velocity. When ESBEC was tested continuously for 6 hours with diesel exhaust concentration of 300-400 mg/ m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, it maintained collection efficiency of &amp;gt;95%. The pressure drop across ESBEC during those six hours increased only minimally. In the next step, the large-scale version was challenged with diesel exhaust of 200 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; concentration. ESBEC removed 71-99% of exhaust particle mass entering the collector at different temperatures (40-77 °C). In the near future, a full version of ESBEC will be fabricated from a heat-resistant material, and its performance will be compared with a conventional diesel particulate filter.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A disc test of antifungal susceptibility (2009)

Diagnostic laboratories are frequently requested to perform antifungal susceptibility tests on isolates recovered from systemic infections. A standard reference procedure of broth dilution was proposed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), but it is too labour-intensive for most clinical laboratories. CLSI also suggested a disc diffusion method, which is a cost-effective alternative method and simple to use in diagnostic microbiology laboratories. However, the method does not deal satisfactorily with the difficulty in interpretation of inhibitory zones on disc testing of those strains that show a ‘trailing effect’ on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination of the azole group of antifungals. Although disconcerting, trailing is regarded as an in vitro phenomenon and these strains are generally regarded as susceptible. We present a disc diffusion test for use with available antifungals, based on the Calibrated Dichotomous Sensitivity (CDS) method, used in antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria. The disc testing was done under predetermined optimal condition of growth, that overcame the problem of the ill-defined inhibitory zones of the azoles.
The thoracolumbar injury severity score: a proposed treatment algorithm. (2005)

The proposed treatment algorithm is an attempt to assist physicians using best-evidence medicine in managing thoracolumbar spinal injuries. The final point flow chart with graduated treatment recommendations is only preliminary and needs to be validated through prospective cohort analysis. In addition, the importance of the chosen variables determining spinal stability must also be verified.
Use of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict Human Gut Microbial Conversion of Daidzein to S-Equol (2021)

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed for daidzein and its metabolite S-equol. Anaerobic in vitro incubations of pooled fecal samples from S-equol producers and nonproducers allowed definition of the kinetic constants. PBPK model-based predictions for the maximum daidzein plasma concentration (<i>C</i><sub>max</sub>) were comparable to literature data. The predictions also revealed that the <i>C</i><sub>max</sub> of S-equol in producers was only up to 0.22% that of daidzein, indicating that despite its higher estrogenicity, S-equol is likely to contribute to the overall estrogenicity upon human daidzein exposure to a only limited extent. An interspecies comparison between humans and rats revealed that the catalytic efficiency for S-equol formation in rats was 210-fold higher than that of human S-equol producers. The described in vitro-in silico strategy provides a proof-of-principle on how to include microbial metabolism in humans in PBPK modeling as part of the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs).
Impact of room airflow interaction on metabolic CO2 exposure (2019)

CFD simulations were performed to investigate occupants’ exposure to metabolic CO 2 in a room with mechanical ventilation. A meeting room occupied by six adult people performing sedentary activity was simulated. Five of the six occupants were simulated to exhale air with realistic CO 2 content, while one occupant was inhaling, i.e. the exposed occupant. Both exhalation and inhalation were simulated with constant flow rates. Two air distribution patterns were considered, mixing and displacement air distribution, each was combined with chilled ceiling, as summer conditions were simulated. For both air distribution patterns, the influence of solar gain of 200 W, which was simulated as heated vertical surface (window), and the distance between the occupants facing each other were studied. The simulation results revealed the importance of buoyancy flows generated by heated vertical surfaces for the pollution distribution. It was found out that compared to the case without solar heat gain, the presence of solar gain increased the inhaled CO 2 level by 26.9 % in the case of displacement ventilation, while it reduced the exposure by 4.5 % when the outdoor air was distributed by mixing ventilation. The distance between the occupants facing each other did not affect considerably the exposure.
Molecular Interactions between Glycopeptide Vancomycin and Bacterial Cell Wall Peptide Analogues (2011)

The molecular interactions of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin (Van) with bacterial cell wall analogues N,N'-diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (Ac(2) KdAdA) and N,N'-diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Lac (Ac(2) KdAdL) were investigated in neat water, phosphate buffer and HEPES buffer by using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The FCS determined dissociation constants (k(d)) show that the intrinsic binding affinity between Van and the drug-sensitive peptide ligand Ac(2)KdAdA remains invariant when the solvent is changed from neat water to either PBS or HEPES buffer; this demonstrates that there are no obvious solvent effects on the association between Van and Ac(2)KdAdA due to the strong intermolecular interaction between the two moieties. When compared to Ac(2)KdAdA, a significantly larger k(d) value was observed for the binding between the drug-resistant peptide ligand Ac(2)KdAdL and Van. Furthermore, the k(d) increased by about 8- to 11-times when the solvent was changed from neat water to 10 mM phosphate/HEPES buffer. The stability of the Ac(2)KdAdL-Van complex was dependent on the concentration of the buffer and k(d) increases as the concentration of either phosphate ions or HEPES increased until an equilibrium was attained. Both FCS and MD simulation studies clearly showed that the components constituting the buffer solution (e.g., phosphate ions and HEPES) are involved in molecular interactions with the binding pocket of Van and they profoundly affect the intrinsic stability of the complex formed between the low-affinity Ac(2)KdAdL and Van. These results could help us to better understand the detailed structure and activity of glycopeptide antibiotic derivatives toward bacterial cell wall peptide analogues, and can further facilitate the development of new drug candidates against drug-resistant bacterial strains.
Performance and interoperability evaluation of radiofrequency home automation protocols and Bluetooth Low Energy for smart grid and smart home applications (2016)

The paper presents an evaluation of the performances and the coexistence of standard home automation radiofrequency protocols such as KNX-RF Multi, Zigbee and EnOcean with Bluetooth Low Energy protocol available in smartphone and tablets in the domain of smart grid and smart home. This work allows describing an overall interoperable and efficient radiofrequency system in this domain based on the strengths of each available RF standard.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY Volume 28, Number 7, 573-580 ??1993, J.B. Lippincott Company The Relationship of Trabecular and Cortical Bone Mineral Density to Spinal Fractures (1993)

Trabecular BMD can be a good predictor of spinal fracture. Cortical BMD may be important in cases with decreased trabecular BMD.
Effects of heat and moisture exchangers on minute ventilation, ventilatory drive, and work of breathing during pressure-support ventilation in acute respiratory failure (1996)

The tested heat and moisture exchangers should be used carefully in patients with acute respiratory failure during pressure-support ventilation, since these devices substantially increase minute ventilation, ventilatory drive, and work of breathing. However, an increase in pressure-support ventilation (5 to 10 cm H2O) may compensate for the increased work of breathing.
Aluminum-Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkylations of Pyridyl-Substituted Alkynyl Ketones with Dialkylzinc Reagents (2008)

Alkylations of pyridyl-substituted ynones with Et2Zn and Me2Zn, promoted by amino acid-based chiral ligands in the presence of Al-based alkoxides, afford tertiary propargyl alcohols efficiently in 57% to >98% ee. Two easily accessible chiral ligands are identified as optimal for reactions of the two dialkylzinc reagents. Catalytic alkylations with Et2Zn require a chiral ligand carrying two amino acid moieties (valine and phenylalanine) along with a p-trifluoromethylphenylamide C-terminus. In contrast, reactions with Me2Zn are most effectively promoted in the presence of a chiral ligand containing a single amino acid (benzyl cysteine), capped by an n-butylamide. Enantiomerically enriched tertiary alcohols bearing a pyridyl and an alkyne substituent can be functionalized in a variety of manners to furnish a wide range of difficult-to-access acyclic and heterocyclic structures; two noteworthy examples are Cu-catalyzed protocols for conversion of tertiary propargyl alcohols to enantiomerically enriched tetrasubstituted allenes and bicyclic amides that bear an N-substituted quaternary carbon stereogenic center. Mechanistic models that account for the trends and enantioselectivity levels are provided.
Permethrin Bioavailability and Body Burden for a Uniformed Soldier (2005)

The purpose of this study was to determine the bioavailability and body burden of permethrin for a soldier wearing permethrin impregnated uniform and access to a spray can of permethrin. Historically, disease bearing insects have spread illness and death to military personnel. Starting with DDT, insecticides have been used to control the situation. The safety of insecticide use to the soldier is of most importance.
Molecular-dynamics study of orientational order in liquids and glasses and its relation to the glass transition (1995)

Molecular-dynamics simulations of monatomic liquids interacting via a modified Johnson potential have been carried out to investigate the structure of liquids and the microscopic mechanism of the glass transition. The structure of liquids is described in terms of spherical harmonic representations of topology of local clusters and the orientational correlation among them. The variation of the averaged topology of the nearest-neighbor clusters exhibits an anomalous behavior at temperatures between the glass transition temperature (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$) and a temperature much above ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$. This anomalous behavior is shown to be caused by aggregation of the clusters with icosahedral topology. The number of the icosahedral clusters increases progressively with decreasing temperature, and, at ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$, the increase is abruptly arrested. Within the icosahedral aggregates, the strong mirror-related orientational correlation exists with a correlation length growing over 10 \AA{} near the glass transition temperature. The percolation of the icosahedral clusters and the mirror-related orientational order leading to the glass transition are discussed.
Down-regulation of types I, II and III inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors is mediated by the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway (1999)

Activation of certain phosphoinositidase-C-linked cell-surface receptors is known to cause an acceleration of the proteolysis of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] receptors and, thus, lead to Ins(1,4,5)P3-receptor down-regulation. In the current study we have sought to determine whether the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway is involved in this adaptive response. The data presented show (i) that activation of phosphoinositidase-C-linked receptors causes Ins(1,4,5)P3-receptor ubiquitination in a range of cell types (AR4-2J cells, INS-1 cells and rat cerebellar granule cells), (ii) that the Ins(1,4,5)P3-receptor down-regulation induced by activation of these receptors is blocked by proteasome inhibitors, (iii) that all known Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptors (types I, II and III) are substrates for ubiquitination, (iv) that ubiquitination occurs while Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptors are membrane-bound, (v) that Ins(1,4, 5)P3-receptor ubiquitination and down-regulation are stimulated only by those agonists that elevate Ins(1,4,5)P3 concentration persistently, and (vi) that a portion of cellular Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptors (those that are not type-I-receptor-associated) can be resistant to ubiquitination and degradation. In total these data indicate that the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway mediates Ins(1,4, 5)P3-receptor down-regulation and suggest that ubiquitination is stimulated by the binding of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to its receptor.
In Situ Investigations of Mechanochemical One‐Pot Syntheses (2018)

We present an in situ triple coupling of synchrotron X-ray diffraction with Raman spectroscopy, and thermography to study milling reactions in real time. This combination of methods allows a correlation of the structural evolution with temperature information. The temperature information is crucial for understanding both the thermodynamics and reaction kinetics. The reaction mechanisms of three prototypical mechanochemical syntheses, a cocrystal formation, a C-C bond formation (Knoevenagel condensation), and the formation of a manganese-phosphonate, were elucidated. Trends in the temperature development during milling are identified. The heat of reaction and latent heat of crystallization of the product contribute to the overall temperature increase. A decrease in temperature occurs via release of, for example, water as a by-product. Solid and liquid intermediates are detected. The influence of the mechanical impact could be separated from temperature effects caused by the reaction.