gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photochemical Desorption of 4-Vinylbenzoic Acid Adsorbed on Silver Colloid Surfaces (1997)

Temporal changes in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of 4-vinylbenzoic acid (4vba) adsorbed on silver colloid surfaces were studied using a method in which the solution of the adsorbate-covered colloid solution flowed through a capillary at differing rates. In this way the photochemical effect of the illuminating laser was studied quantitatively. 4vba appears to exist on the colloid surface in two forms: one that photodesorbs under the influence of the laser and one that does not. An analysis of the SERS spectra suggests that the former adopts a surface geometry in which the benzene ring and carboxylate group are adsorbed flat on surface but where the vinyl group is not bonded directly to the surface. In the latter, all three groups are adsorbed on surface simultaneously: the benzene and vinyl groups are π-bonded, while the carboxylate group is adsorbed through a nonbonding electron pair of one of its oxygens. The photodesorption rate constant was found to be proportional to laser power. Its value was found to be large in the visible region of the spectrum, increasing toward the blue; hence, the photodesorption mechanism is likely initiated by a metal to adsorbate charge-transfer absorption.
Ketogenic diet in combination with voluntary exercise impacts markers of hepatic metabolism and oxidative stress in male and female Wistar rats (2019)

Ketogenic diets (KDs) are shown to benefit hepatic metabolism; however, their effect on the liver when combined with exercise is unknown. We investigated the effects of a KD versus a "western" diet (WD) on markers of hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in exercising rats. Male and female Wistar rats with access to voluntary running wheels were randomized to 3 groups (<i>n</i> = 8-14 per group): standard chow (SC; 17% fat), WD (42% fat), or KD (90.5% fat) for 7 weeks. Body fat percentage (BF%) was increased in WD and KD versus SC, although KD females displayed lower BF% versus WD (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Liver triglycerides were higher in KD and WD versus SC but were attenuated in KD females versus WD (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). KD suppressed hepatic markers of de novo lipogenesis (fatty acid synthase, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase) and increased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis/content (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-1α, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and citrate synthase activity). KD also increased hepatic glutathione peroxidase 1 and lowered oxidized glutathione. Female rats exhibited elevated hepatic markers of mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM), mitophagy (light chain 3 II/I ratio, autophagy-related protein 12:5), and cellular energy homeostasis (phosphorylated 5'AMP-activated protein kinase/5'AMP-activated protein kinase) versus males. These data highlight that KD and exercise beneficially impacts hepatic metabolism and oxidative stress and merits further investigation. <b>Novelty</b> KD feeding combined with exercise improved hepatic oxidative stress, suppressed markers of de novo lipogenesis, and increased markers of mitochondrial content versus WD feeding. Males and females responded similarly to combined KD feeding and exercise. Female rats exhibited elevated hepatic markers of autophagy/mitophagy and energy homeostasis compared with male rats.
Effects of a Synthetic Polyprenoic Acid (E-5166) on the Gap Junction of Rat Hepatocytes Treated with Liver Tumor Promoters, Phenobarbital, and p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (1994)

Effects of in vivo exposure to the synthetic polyprenoic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid (E-5166) using 6 groups of rats treated simultaneously or individually with phenobarbital (PB) or with p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) on the gap junctions of hepatocytes were examined by freeze-fracture analysis. Experimental groups were as follows: Group 1, basal diet alone; Group 2, E-5166 treatment; Group 3, 0.05% PB diet; Group 4, PB diet and E-5166 treatment; Group 5, 0.05% DDT diet; and Group 6, DDT diet and E-5166 treatment. E-5166 was given by gavage (40 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/wk). Experimental diets and E-5166 were started at 6 wk of age. All animals were sacrificed at 2 wk after the start of the experiments. The density of gap junctions in PB- or DDT-treated rats was higher and that in E-5166-treated rats was lower than that in controls. The density of gap junctions in rats given PB and E-5166-/or DDT and E-5166-treated rats was slightly increased when compared to controls. The average area of gap junctions in DDT- or PB and E-5166-treated rats was significantly smaller than in controls (p < 0.005), although no statistical differences were found among PB-, E-5166-, and DDT and E-5166-treated rats and controls. Unit area of gap junctions to membrane area in rats given E-5166, DDT, or PB and E-5166 was lower than in controls. However, the unit area of gap junctions in DDT and E-5166-treated rats did not differ from in controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Highly reliable and efficient 1.5μm-fiber-MOPA-based, high-power laser transmitter for space communication (2014)

Fibertek has developed a space qualifiable, highly efficient, high power (&lt;5W), fiber based 1.5um laser optical module (LOM). The transmitter achieves 6W average and &lt;1kW peak power out of a 2m long single mode delivery fiber with 8nsec pulses and &lt;6Ghz linewidth. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is managed by precise linewidth control and by use of LMA gain fiber in the power stage while maintaining the required diffraction limited, and highly polarized (PER&lt;20dB) output. Size and weight of the built LOM are 8”x10”x2.375” and 3 kg, respectively. With improvements in the modulation scheme and component specification, achieved LOM electrical to optical efficiency is over 17.0%. Highly efficient operation is sustained for a wide range of pulse-position modulation (16 to 128-ary PPM) formats with pulse widths varying from 8nsec to 0.5nsec and operation temperature 10-50C. Pressure stress analysis, random vibration analysis and thermal analysis of the designed LOM predicts compliance with NASA GEVS levels for vibration and thermal cycling in a vacuum environment. System will undergo both thermal vacuum and vibration testing to validate the design.
First Patient-to-Patient Intrahospital Transmission of Clade I Candida auris in France Revealed after a Two-Month Incubation Period (2022)

Candida auris is a recently described emerging pathogen in hospital settings. Five genetic clades have been delineated, with each clade being isolated from specific geographic regions. We here describe the first transmission between 2 patients (P0 and P1) of a clade I C. auris strain imported into our burn intensive care unit from the Middle East. The strains have been investigated with whole-genome sequencing, which validated the high similarity of the genomes between isolates from P0 and P1. We repeatedly screened the two patients and contact patients (i.e., other patients present in the same hospital ward at the time of the first positive sample from P0 or P1; <i>n</i> = 49; 268 tests) with fungal culture and a C. auris-specific quantitative PCR assay to assess transmission patterns. We observed that P1 developed C. auris colonization between 41 and 61 days after potential exposure to P0 contamination, despite three negative screening tests as recommended by our national authorities. This study illustrates that transmission of C. auris between patients can lead to long-term incubation times before the detection of colonization. The recommended screening strategy may not be optimal and should be improved in the light of our findings. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> While large outbreaks of C. auris in hospital settings have been described, few clear cases of direct transmission have been documented. We here investigated the transmission of C. auris clade I between two patients with a 41- to 61-day delay between exposure and the development of colonization. This may lead to changes in the recommendations concerning treatment of C. auris cases, as an incubation period of this length is one of the first to be reported.
Enrichment of Methylated Molecules Using Enhanced- Ice -Co-Amplification at Lower Denaturation Temperature-PCR (E- Ice -COLD-PCR) for The Sensitive Detection of Disease-Related Hypermethylation (2018)

E-ice-COLD-PCR could prove a useful tool in the context of DNA methylation analysis for personalized medicine.
Coherent transfer of an optical carrier over 251 km (2007)

We transfer an optical frequency over 251 km of optical fiber with a residual instability of 6x10(-19) at 100 s. This instability and the associated timing jitter are limited fundamentally by the noise on the optical fiber and the link length. We give a simple expression for calculating the achievable instability and jitter over a fiber link. Transfer of optical stability over this long distance requires a highly coherent optical source, provided here by a cw fiber laser locked to a high finesse optical cavity. A sufficient optical carrier signal is delivered to the remote fiber end by incorporating two-way, in-line erbium-doped fiber amplifiers to balance the 62 dB link loss.
Full counting statistics of photons emitted by a double quantum dot (2013)

We analyze the full counting statistics of photons emitted by a double quantum dot (DQD) coupled to a high-quality microwave resonator by electric dipole interaction. We show that at the resonant condition between the energy splitting of the DQD and the photon energy in the resonator, photon statistics exhibits both a sub-Poissonian distribution and antibunching. In the ideal case, when the system decoherence stems only from photodetection, the photon noise is reduced below one-half of the noise for the Poisson distribution and is consistent with current noise. The photon distribution remains sub-Poissonian even at moderate decoherence in the DQD. We demonstrate that Josephson-junction-based photomultipliers can be used to experimentally assess the statistics of emitted photons.
Toward Portable Bio-impedance devices (2019)

Bio-impedance measurement has been used as an indicator for specific physical and chemical changes in food products, fruits and vegetables, cancer detection and other applications. In this paper, a portable wireless bio-impedance measurement embedded system, based on the AD5933 chip, is introduced. The system is calibrated using a parallel RC network and the industry standard electrochemical station BioLogic SP-150. The module can be used in many impedance measuring applications.
<title>Impact of artificial "gummy" fingers on fingerprint systems</title> (2002)

Potential threats caused by something like real fingers, which are called fake or artificial fingers, should be crucial for authentication based on fingerprint systems. Security evaluation against attacks using such artificial fingers has been rarely disclosed. Only in patent literature, measures, such as live and well detection, against fake fingers have been proposed. However, the providers of fingerprint systems usually do not mention whether or not these measures are actually implemented in emerging fingerprint systems for PCs or smart cards or portable terminals, which are expected to enhance the grade of personal authentication necessary for digital transactions. As researchers who are pursuing secure systems, we would like to discuss attacks using artificial fingers and conduct experimental research to clarify the reality. This paper reports that gummy fingers, namely artificial fingers that are easily made of cheap and readily available gelatin, were accepted by extremely high rates by 11 particular fingerprint devices with optical or capacitive sensors. We have used the molds, which we made by pressing our live fingers against them or by processing fingerprint images from prints on glass surfaces, etc. We describe how to make the molds, and then show that the gummy fingers, which are made with these molds, can fool the fingerprint devices.
Synthesis of novel carbosilane dendritic macromolecules (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of novel carbosilane dendritic macromoleculesLin Lin Zhou and Jacques RooversCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 5, 963–968Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00057a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00057a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views627Altmetric-Citations238LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Field tests of a portable tissue equivalent survey meter for monitoring mixed beta/gamma radiation fields (1986)

A portable radiation survey meter that provides a tissue equivalent response to photons and beta particles has been designed and field tested. The detector is a very thin plastic scintillator that closely simulates the actual geometry and scattering properties of the relevant skin tissues. The meter reads out the D(0.07) dose rate directly, and indicates the tissue dose rates at other depths with the use of tissue equivalent filters of appropriate thicknesses. Data are presented which compare the D(0.07) and D(10) dose rates recorded by the Tissue Equivalent (TE) survey meter with dose rates recorded by two commercial ion chamber meters for a number of laboratory and field sources. Most commercial ion chamber meters fail to respond adequately to the extreme off-axis beta particles from extended beta sources, and hence require the application of large beta correction factors to change the instrument reading to the true D(0.07) dose rate. The tissue equivalent survey meter exhibits an angular response to beta particles that is very similar to the angular response of an extrapolation chamber. Consequently, there is close agreement between the TE meter and extrapolation chamber readings for a wide variety of beta and mixed beta-gamma rdiation fields. D(0.07), D(3), andmore » D(10) dose rates, measured with the INEL TE meter at a number of typical work stations, are presented.« less
Scanning heterodyne confocal differential phase and intensity microscope (1995)

The construction and results obtained with a scanning heterodyne differential microscope capable of simultaneously imaging in differential phase and differential intensity modes are described. Interfering the two signal beams with a common reference beam (indirect interference) permits an optimum differential phase and intensity performance to be obtained simultaneously. The considerations that ensure satisfactory performance are discussed. Results that demonstrate the ability to alter electronically the imaging mode and the optical transfer function within each imaging mode are presented. This permits the system performance to be matched to the requirements of each sample.
IL-36γ Protects against Severe Influenza Infection by Promoting Lung Alveolar Macrophage Survival and Limiting Viral Replication (2018)

Although influenza virus infection remains a concerning disease for public health, the roles of individual cytokines during the immune response to influenza infection are not fully understood. We have identified IL-36γ as a key mediator of immune protection during both high- and low-pathogenesis influenza infection. <i>Il36g</i> mRNA is upregulated in the lung following influenza infection, and mice lacking IL-36γ have greatly increased morbidity and mortality upon infection with either H1N1 or H3N2 influenza. The increased severity of influenza infection in IL-36γ-knockout (KO) mice is associated with increased viral titers, higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines early in infection, and more diffuse pathologic conditions late in the disease course. Interestingly, the increased severity of disease in IL-36γ-KO mice correlates with a rapid loss of alveolar macrophages following infection. We find that the alveolar macrophages from naive IL-36γ-KO mice have higher expression of M2-like surface markers compared with wild-type (WT) mice and show increased apoptosis within 24 h of infection. Finally, transfer of WT alveolar macrophages to IL-36γ-KO mice restores protection against lethal influenza challenge to levels observed in WT mice. Together, these data identify a critical role for IL-36γ in immunity against influenza virus and demonstrate the importance of IL-36γ signaling for alveolar macrophage survival during infection.
Characterization of Single-Event Burnout in Power MOSFET Using Backside Laser Testing (2006)

This paper presents a new methodology based upon backside laser irradiations to characterize the sensitivity of power devices towards Single-Event Burnout. It is shown that this technique can be used to define the safe operating area
Phosphonitrilic derivatives. Part XXI. Complexes with metal carbonyls (1972)

Octamethylcyclotetraphosphonitrile and decamethylcyclopentaphosphonitrile react with the hexacarbonyls of molybdenum and tungsten to give tricarbonyls L,M(CO)3, co-ordination of the ligand occurring most probably through its nitrogen atoms. The octadimethylamido-derivative N4P4(NMe2)8 forms a tetracarbonyl L,W(CO)4. The quaternary iodide N4P4Me9I reacts with M(CO)6(M = Cr or Mo) to give the salts [N4P4Me9]+[M(CO)5l]+, in which 1H n.m.r. and i.r. spectra indicate donor–acceptor interaction between the ions.
Selection of a high-affinity WW domain against the extracellular region of VEGF receptor isoform-2 from a combinatorial library using CIS display (2013)

WW domains are small β-sheet motifs that are involved in intracellular signalling through the recognition of proline-rich or phosphorylated linear peptide sequences. Here, we describe modification of this motif to provide a framework for engineering the side chains exposed on its concave surface. This non-natural scaffold incorporates an additional tryptophan, has a shorter loop 1 and supports modification of 25% of the natural protein to form a novel affinity reagent. We demonstrate the utility of this structure by selecting a high-affinity binder to the extracellular region of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor isoform 2 (VEGFR-2) from a library of modifications, using a cell-free molecular display platform, CIS display. The isolate has low nanomolar affinity to VEGFR-2 and inhibits binding of human VEGF to its receptor with nanomolar activity. The structure is amenable to cyclisation to improve its proteolytic stability and has advantages over larger protein scaffolds in that it can be synthesised chemically to high yields offering potential for therapeutic and non-therapeutic applications.
The dogs of the British Islands, being a series of articles on the points of their various breeds, and the treatment of the diseases to which they are subject / Reprinted from "The Field" newspaper. By J. H. Walsh ("Stonehenge"), editor of "The Field". (With the aid of several experienced breeders). (1882)

Bala, scale of points used at Bedford, scale of points used at Belly distemper, causes of Belly distemper, treatment of Bishop's mange lotion Bitch devouring her young Bitch foster mother, treatment of . .Bites in dogs , treatment of Bladder, inflammation of the Bleeding from the lungs, styptic for Blisters Bloody urine, styptic for Blotch, treatment of Bolus, how to administer Bones necessary for dogs Brailsford's, Mr., scale of points Bronchitis, symptoms of acute Bronchitis, symptoms of chronic
Comparison of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions using patellar tendon autograft or allograft (1996)

Seventy-eight of 113 consecutive patellar tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (autograft, 47 of 66; allograft, 31 of 47) were evaluated at an average of 34 months. Reconstructions were compared with Lysholm and Tegner knee-rating scales, physical examination findings, instrumented laxity values, single-leg hop distances, and isokinetic strength results. Lysholm scores > or = 90 were achieved by 69% of autograft patients versus 67% of allograft patients. Desired Tegner activity scores were achieved by 80% of autograft patients versus 74% of allograft patients. Patellofemoral signs and symptoms were absent in 40% of autograft patients versus 44% of allograft patients. Side-to-side laxity differences < or = 3 mm were achieved in 80% of autograft patients versus 70% of allograft patients. Single-leg hop scores > or = 90% of the nonoperated leg were obtained in 76% of autograft patients versus 81% of allograft patients. Isokinetic results between groups were also similar. Traumatic ruptures were sustained by four allograft patients at an average of 11 months postoperatively compared with no traumatic ruptures in the autograft group (P = .011). This was the only difference of statistical significance.
Temporal watermarking invertible only through source separation (2002)

This paper presents an application of blind signal separation to the field of digital signatures and watermarking of audio signals. The second-order blind identification (SOBI) algorithm presented by Belouchrani et al. can be used to retrieve a watermark or to identify a signature. [1]. Multiple source signals (one of which acts as a digital signature) are arbitrarily mixed with grossly different proportions and transmitted. Only the linear mixtures are observed and no information is known about the prior mixing. This process allows for digital verification of the original message, as well as the ability to transmit hidden, buried messages.
History, ICT and values: a case study of Northern Ireland (2004)

The central proposition in this paper is that the use of ICT is not value-free, and that we\nneed to promote a vigorous debate about the relationship between the values embedded in\nthe ways that we use ICT and the values we are seeking to promote through the teaching\nof history. Where there is a clear alignment between ICT and values, ICT is far more\nlikely to have a transformative effect on learning rather than simply enhancing learning.\nA number of examples of the use of ICT in history teaching from Northern Ireland and\nthe republic of Ireland will be considered
Quantifying Methane Production at a Cattle Grazing Site using Open-Path Dual-Comb Spectroscopy (2023)

To better quantify methane emissions resulting from grazing cattle, a controlled methane release at an agricultural site is performed using dual comb spectroscopy. The achieved methane concentration precision is below 10 nmol/mol. The Author(s) Work of the US Government and not subject to copyright.
Acadesine improves surgical myocardial protection with blood cardioplegia in ischemically injured canine hearts. (1993)

We conclude that the higher dose of acadesine improves myocardial protection when used as a pretreatment and BCP adjuvant, resulting in better postischemic LV systolic function and diastolic characteristics.
Credit risk modeling and valuation: An introduction (2002)

Credit risk refers to the risk of incurring losses due to unexpected changes in the credit quality of a counterparty or issuer. In this paper we give an introduction to the modeling of credit risks and the valuation of credit-risky securities. We consider individual as well as correlated credit risks.