gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy: surgical technique and preliminary results compared to microsurgical discectomy (1993)

Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy is a new technique for removing "contained" lumbar disc herniations (those in which the outer border of the anulus fibrosus is intact) and small "noncontained" lumbar disc herniations (those at the level of the disc space and occupying less than one-third of the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal) through a posterolateral approach with the aid of specially developed instruments. The technique combines rigid straight, angled, and flexible forceps with automated high-power suction shaver and cutter systems. Access can thus be gained to the dorsal parts of the intervertebral space where the disc herniation is located. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy is monitored using an endoscope angled to 70 degrees coupled with a television and video unit and is performed with the patient under local anesthesia and an anesthesiologist available if needed. Its indication is restricted to discogenic root compression with a minor neurological deficit. Two groups of patients with contained or small noncontained disc herniations were treated by either percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (20 cases) or microdiscectomy (20 cases). Both groups were investigated in a prospective randomized study in order to compare the efficacy of the two methods. The disc herniations were located at L2-3 (one patient), L3-4 (two patients), or L4-5 (37 patients). There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning age and sex distribution, preoperative evolution of complaints, prior conservative therapy, patient's occupation, preoperative disability, and clinical symptomatology. Two years after percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, sciatica had disappeared in 80% (16 of 20 patients), low-back pain in 47% (nine of 19 patients), sensory deficits in 92.3% (12 of 13 patients), and motor deficits in the one patient affected. Two years after microdiscectomy, sciatica had disappeared in 65% (13 of 20 patients), low-back pain in 25% (five of 20 patients), sensory deficits in 68.8% (11 of 16 patients), and motor deficits in all patients so affected. Only 72.2% of the patients in the microdiscectomy group had returned to their previous occupation versus 95% in the percutaneous endoscopic discectomy group. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy appears to offer an alternative to microdiscectomy for patients with "contained" and small subligamentous lumbar disc herniations.
Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity:  Therapeutic Strategies (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTPharmacological Treatment of Obesity: Therapeutic StrategiesCheryl P. Kordik and Allen B. ReitzView Author Information Drug Discovery Division, The R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 2, 181–201Publication Date (Web):January 28, 1999Publication History Received15 September 1998Published online28 January 1999Published inissue 1 January 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/jm980521lCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1583Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (428 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Agonists,Food,Obesity,Receptors,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as a novel target for the control of osteolytic bone disease (2013)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) from mice bearing bone metastases differentiate into functional osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo, through a signaling pathway that relies on nitric oxide. In addition, MDSC-targeting drugs have been shown to robustly inhibit osteolysis. Thus, MDSC stand out as novel osteoclast progenitors and hence as candidate targets for the control of osteolytic bone disease.
An ehealth application for the management of obstetric care (2018)

The International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC) is an online, open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles in the field of integrated care on a continuous basis.IJIC has an Impact Factor of 5.120 (2020 JCR, received in June 2021)
Emulsion and Wetting Films Stabilized by Hydrophobically Modified Inulin Polymeric Surfactant (2009)

Abstract Emulsion films of hydrophobically modified inulin (INUTEC SP1) polymeric surfactant, both in aqueous solution and in the presence of different electrolyte (NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4) concentrations have been studied. At constant disjoining pressure of 36 Pa the film thickness h w decreased with increase in electrolyte concentration until a critical value, C el,cr, was reached above which h w remained constant. This reduction in film thickness below C el,cr could be accounted for by the compression of the double layer. At a critical pressure that depends on the electrolyte type, the film jumped to a Newton Black Film (NBF) that remained very stable up to very high disjoining pressure at all electrolyte concentrations and electrolyte types studied. The polyfructose loops and tails in this NBF remain strongly hydrated and these results explain the high stability against coalescence of such INUTEC SP1 emulsions. Wetting films from INUTEC SP1 aqueous solutions on a hydrophilic quartz substrate were also studied. The results showed a dependence of film thickness on INUTEC SP1 concentration which could be accounted for by the adsorption and orientation of the polymer molecules at the solid-liquid interface. At low INUTEC SP1 concentration, the molecule adsorbs with the hydrophilic loops and tails leaving the alkylchains in solution. However at higher concentration a bilayer of INUTEC SP1 molecules could be produced by hydrophobic interaction between the alkyl chains on the backbone of the polymer and this resulted in an increase of the film thickness at high concentration. The film thickness decreased with increasing electrolyte concentration at constant INUTEC SP1 concentration till a critical value was reached above which h w remained virtually constant. The reduction of h w could be accounted for by compression of the electrical double layer in accordance with the DLVO-theory. Keywords: Emulsion filmspolymeric surfactantswetting films Notes Part of the special issue, Surface and Colloid Chemistry Without Borders: An International Festschrift for Professor Per Stenius on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday.
New Drug Combination (2004)

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Letter to the EditorFull AccessNew Drug CombinationRichard Winslow, M.D.Richard Winslow, M.D.Published Online:19 Mar 2004https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.39.6.0075aI believe that Psychiatric News crossed the line in the December 19, 2003, issue from news to advertising in its enthusiastic article about OFC, the Eli Lilly product that the FDA is expected to approve soon.There is no doubt that an olanzapine-fluoxetine combination therapy is useful for many patients. However, combining the two medications in one pill appears to be a marketing technique, not an advance in patient care. Currently, we practicing psychiatrists can choose from a variety of olanzapine and fluoxetine dosage strengths and adjust each separately as needed for patient benefit. With the advent of generic fluoxetine this past year, self-pay patients and third-party payers alike have saved large amounts of money on patients who take this medication. And with more competition in the antipsychotic arena, even the cost of olanzapine has, thank goodness, decreased somewhat.OFC does not appear to come in a great variety of dosage combinations (just three were mentioned in one of the Web abstracts). Additionally, neither the article nor the abstracts made any mention of cost. Thus, unless each combination is less expensive than two separate prescriptions for brand-name Zyprexa and generic fluoxetine, OFC will just be one more expensive, unnecessary drug in the marketplace.Editor's note: In view of the issues that Dr. Winslow raised, we contacted Eli Lilly and were given the following information: Symbyax is available in four strengths (mg olanzapine/mg fluoxetine): 6/25, 6/50, 12/25, and 12/50. The pricing of Symbyax is comparable, based on dosing, to Zyprexa alone. There is no additional cost for the fluoxetine component. Thus, the dosages with 6 mg of olanzapine will be priced similarly to 5 mg of Zyprexa, and 12 mg of olanzapine will be priced between 10 mg and 15 mg of Zyprexa.Mercer Island, Wash. ISSUES NewArchived
Challenges and Opportunities in RPDIV Testing of Automotive Electrical Machines After Assembly (2023)

The feasibility of detecting partial discharges in completely assembled electrical machines for transport electrification was investigated measuring the Repetitive Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (RPDIV) using different sensors placed outside a complete machine and on the stator of the same machine after a careful disassembly. Four sensors were investigated. When the angular position of the rotor gave rise to the maximum self inductance of the winding, the RPDIV values provided by these sensors were comparable to that measured on the stator after disassembly. Thus, these sensors can be used for quality control of complete machines, but also monitoring or while the vehicle is in the shop for periodic maintenance. The limit of the present investigation is that it could not be ascertained whether partial discharges were incepted in the end-winding or within the slots. It remains to be understood if the shielding of partial discharges happening in the slots due to the laminated core prevents partial discharge detection, limiting the effectiveness of the method. During the tests, it was observed a remarkable dependence of the RPDIV on the rotor angular position. This point is of concern as the RPDIV measured on the stator was not the minimum one.
Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals (2006)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult urology1 May 2006Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals G. Farell, E. Huang, S.Y. Kim, R. Horstkorte, and J.C. Lieske G. FarellG. Farell More articles by this author , E. HuangE. Huang More articles by this author , S.Y. KimS.Y. Kim More articles by this author , R. HorstkorteR. Horstkorte More articles by this author , and J.C. LieskeJ.C. Lieske More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00198-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals." The Journal of Urology, 175(5), pp. 1748–1749 Division of Nephrology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, and Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 5May 2006Page: 1748-1749 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information G. Farell More articles by this author E. Huang More articles by this author S.Y. Kim More articles by this author R. Horstkorte More articles by this author J.C. Lieske More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Early detection of independent motion from active control of normal image flow patterns (1996)

An important initial step in interpreting a dynamic scene is to detect moving objects in the environment. This paper presents a novel solution to the problem of early motion detection by a moving observer. The solution requires the observer to be active in the acquisition of images thereby controlling the optical flow pattern due to egomotion. A theoretical analysis is done based on geometric considerations to establish conditions that are necessary and sufficient to guarantee motion detection at a point. The detection problem is posed in terms of locally computable image quantities (the normal image flow) which this makes it implementable in real time. The performance of the technique can be improved by imposing any applicable constraint; this is demonstrated for the detection of the motions of "compact" objects satisfying a size bound. The goal is to design a flexible and efficient early motion detection strategy that can be tailored to the needs of a particular navigation system.
A region of interest strategy for minimizing resolution distortions in quantitative myocardial PET studies. (1992)

The distortions inherent in PET images of the human heart due to finite image resolution and cardiac motion limit the capability to evaluate physiology quantitatively. A method based on a simple geometrical model of region of interest representations in physical space has been developed to minimize these distortions. In this paper, simulation studies have been performed to evaluate the noise characteristics of the method. This study demonstrates that unbiased estimates of kinetic model parameters which describe myocardial physiology can be measured with an accuracy of 7%-15% for scale-related parameters and 4%-16% for shape-related parameters of kinetic models in studies with the equivalent of 1 million events. Application of the techniques developed in this paper for the measurement of myocardial blood flow in eight dogs (14 independent flow states) shows a strong correlation with microsphere determined blood flow in the same animals (slope = 1.022, intercept = -0.18, r = 0.96).
Probes and techniques used in active and the hypoxia-based dormant state of an antitubercular drug screening assay (2021)

Current antitubercular drug therapy requires more than six months and is unable to kill latent or dormant forms of tuberculosis. Thus, it is a need of new drug therapy to fight against dormant tuberculosis. However, the major obstacle in the development of novel drugs for dormant tuberculosis is the lack of relevant screening systems and using reliable probes to measure growth inhibition. Until now, several probes used in active state assays are significantly determining the inhibitory effect against the active state of mycobacteria. The dormant condition assays are based on hypoxia-derived dormancy which include resazurin reduction assay, nitrite reductase assay, XTT reduction menadione assay and low oxygen recovery assay. Major probes used in those assays are colorimetric/fluorescent dyes, enzymatic activity, and reporter genes include luciferase and fluorescent proteins. Although these dormant assays are based on hypoxia-induced features and difficult to maintain for a longer duration. Also, they further complicated by growth detection and pursuit of high throughput screening criteria. Here we reviewed complications of probes and assay techniques used for anti-dormant drug screening programs of tuberculosis. This will provide the knowledge to design better alternative drug screening method for the anti-dormant form of tuberculosis.
Supplementary materials and figures from T-cell Receptor Signaling Activates an ITK/NF-κB/GATA-3 axis in T-cell Lymphomas Facilitating Resistance to Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Revised Supplementary Methods Formatted Supplementary Figure 1 Immunophenotype and purity of primary T-cell lymphoma cells. Supplementary Figure 2 Pathway enrichment analysis. Supplementary Figure 3 Gene expression profiling in TCR stimulated T8ML-1. T8ML-1 cells were either unstimulated or activated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads and gene expression examined. Supplementary Figure 4 Activation and cytokine release following TCR engagement. Supplementary Figure 5 Gene expression profiling validation. Supplementary Figure 6 Pharmacologic inhibition of protein kinase C impairs TCR-mediated chemotherapy resistance. Supplementary Figure 7 Immunoflourescent microscopy images of CD3 and ITK following CD3 crosslinking in primary TCL cells (a representative example is shown, n=2). Supplementary Figure 8 Confirmation of shRNA-mediated ITK knockdown in T8ML-1. Supplementary Figure 9 TCR-dependent activation is abrogated following ITK knockdown in T8ML-1 cells. Supplementary Figure 10 Pharmacologic inhibition of ITK or PKC inhibit TCR activation in TCL cells. Supplementary Figure 11 Pharmacologic inhibition of ITK or PKC inhibit NF-κB (p65) activation following TCR engagement in TCL cells. Supplementary Figure 12 TCR activation promotes survival of T8-28 cells in vitro. Supplementary Figure 13 Histologic characterization of T8-28-bearing mice. Supplementary Figure 14 T8-28-bearing mice were treated with vincristine(VCR)/Cyclophosphamide(Cytoxan) and/or ibrutinib, as described in Figure 3. Supplementary Figure 15 GATA-3 expression following TCR activation. Supplementary Figure 16 GATA-3 expression in T8ML-1 cells following ITK or GATA-3 knockdown or GATA-3 overexpression. Supplementary Figure 17 Cell viability in T-cell lymphoma cell lines following GATA-3 knockdown. Supplementary Figure 18 GATA-3 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in diagnostic lymph node biopsies obtained at the time of diagnosis and after relapse in two PTCL, NOS patients. Supplementary Figure 19 A model depicting ITK- and NF-κB-dependent GATA-3 transcription following TCR engagement. Supplemental Figure 20 TCR engagement confers resistance to vincristine.&lt;/p&gt;
The Statistical Physics of Sedimentary Rock (1988)

Sedimentary rock makes up much of the Earth's surface and contains two of the most vital fluids for our lives—water and hydrocarbons. Yet physicists have paid little attention to rock, mainly because we are discouraged by its apparent complexity. We are well trained in working with idealized models, but when faced with a piece of rock, not only do we not know where to begin, but we also may question whether it is even possible to find interesting physics in such a “dirty” and uncontrolled system. With further thought, however, we should realize that these are but the usual mental barriers that we have to overcome every time we study something new.
Correction: A musculoskeletal finite element model of rat knee joint for evaluating cartilage biomechanics during gait (2023)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009398.].
Determination of Uterine Blood Volume and Correlation with Ovarian Function (1974)

A method is described for the measurement of uterine blood volume using RIHSA as a tracer. Estrus induced by 2-day administration of estrogen to ovariectomized mice or normally occurring estrus in mice was associated with a parallel increase in uterine weight and uterine blood volume. This increase may be attributed to either increased vascularity or increased vascular capacitance. After acute administration of estrogen to ovariectomized mice and rats, uterine blood volume increased without a corresponding change in uterine weight. This change occurred when the uterus was visibly hyperemic and at a time which corresponds roughly to that when uterine blood flow has been shown to increase. Changes in the volume measured with protein were demonstrated to be valid and to not result from increased vascular permeability.
Efficient Heterogeneous Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Using Highly Recyclable and Accessible Silica‐Immobilized Ru‐TsDPEN Catalysts. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Genetic similarity and phenotypic diversity of commensal and pathogenic strains of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity (1993)

Colony phenotype and genetic similarity were assessed within and between groups of commensal and pathogenic strains of Candida albicans collected from the oral cavities of individuals in a single geographical locale. Thirty-eight percent of pathogenic isolates contained predominant or minor variant colony morphologies (other than smooth) when samples from the sites of infection were cultured on plates, while 16% of commensal isolates contained minor variant colony morphologies when samples from the sites of carriage were cultured. The genetic similarities of isolates within and between groups were assessed by DNA fingerprinting by using Southern blot hybridization with the fingerprinting probe Ca3 and analysis with the computer-assisted, automated Dendron system. Both the commensal and the pathogenic groups contained a major cluster of genetically similar C. albicans isolates representing 31 and 33% of the strains in the respective groups. When a combined dendrogram of both commensal and pathogenic isolates was generated, the major clusters of genetically similar isolates in each group mixed into one large cluster. Minor clusters in the individual dendrograms also mixed. These results suggest common clonal origins for commensal and pathogenic strains in the same geographical locale.
Transient Cold Flow Simulation of Fast-Fluidized Bed Air Reactor with Hematite as an Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Combustion (2021)

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is the most reliable carbon capture technology for curtailing CO2 insertion into the atmosphere. This paper presents the cold flow simulation results necessary to understand the hydrodynamic viability of the fast-fluidized bed air reactor. Hematite is selected as an oxygen carrier due to its easy availability and active nature during the reactions. The dense discrete phase model (DDPM) approach using the commercial software Ansys Fluent is applied in the simulation. An accurate and stable solution is achieved using the second-order upwind numerical scheme. A pressure difference of 150 kPa is obtained between the outlet and inlet of the selected air reactor, which is necessary for the movement of the particle. The stable circulating rate of hematite is achieved after 28 s of particle injection inside the air reactor. The results have been validated from the experimental results taken from the literature.
Subwavelength Nanowire Lasers on a Silicon Photonic Crystal Operating at Telecom Wavelengths (2017)

Here we report the successful demonstration of lasing oscillation in a subwavelength semiconductor nanowire (100 nm in diameter) at telecom wavelengths. Although a subwavelength nanowire is too thin to configure an efficient optical cavity by itself, we have combined the nanowire with a Si photonic crystal to form a nanowire-induced hybrid nanocavity. This unique configuration enables us to realize an efficient nanowire-based nanolaser on a Si platform. Our systematic study, which included L–L characteristics, emission wavelength, emission line width, emission lifetime, and photon correlation, has unambiguously revealed the lasing operation of the nanowire at 4 K. In addition, we have succeeded in changing the laser oscillation wavelength by moving the nanowire through a trench in the photonic crystal, which reveals the unique feature of this hybrid nanocavity. This is the first demonstration of telecom band subwavelength nanowire lasers, which may also be important for Si photonics applications.
Hepatic Cancers and Their Response to Chemoembolization Therapy (1992)

These preliminary spectroscopic data suggest that quantitative 31P MRS can be successfully used to monitor directly metabolic response to hepatic chemoembolization.