gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fire activity and Aerosol Optical Depth over PEEX area for the last two decades (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;The &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Pan-Eurasian Experiment Program (PEEX) is an interdisciplinary scientific program bringing together ground-based in situ and remote sensing observations, satellite measurements and modeling tools aiming to improve the understanding of land-water-atmosphere interactions, feedback mechanisms and their effects on the ecosystem, climate and society in northern Eurasia, Russia and China. One of the &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;pillars of the PEEX program is the ground-based observation system with new stations being established across the whole PEEX domain complementing existing infrastructure. However, in view of the large area covering thousands of kilometres, large gaps will remain where no or little observational information will be available. The gap can partly be filled by satellite remote sensing of relevant parameters as regards atmospheric composition, land and water surface properties including snow and ice, and vegetation.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Forest fires and corresponding emissions to the atmosphere dramatically change the atmospheric composition in case of long-lasting fire events, which might cover extended areas. In the burned areas, CO2 exchange, as well as emissions of different compounds are getting to higher levels, which might contribute to climate change by changing the radiative budget through the aerosol-cloud interaction and cloud formation. In the boreal forest, after CO2, CO and CH4, the largest emission factors for individual species were formaldehyde, followed by methanol and NO2 (Simpson et al., ACP, 2011). The emitted long-life components, e.g., black carbon, might further be transported to the distant areas and measured at the surface far from the burned areas.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#160;During the last few decades, several burning episodes have been observed over PEEX area by satellites (as fire counts), specifically over Siberia and central Russia. Fire activity can also be seen in increasing Aerosol Optical depth (AOD) retrieved from satellites, as well as fire radiative power (FRP) calculated using the satellite data. In the current work, we study the time series of the fire activity, FRP and AOD over PEEX area and specifically over selected cities.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Progrès vers la synthèse totale de la Pactamycine (2008)

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
Antidiarrheal Activity ofKigelia africanain Experimental Animals (1996)

ABSTRACT Aqueous leaf extract of Kigelia africana was screened for antidiarrheal activity using experimental animal models. Evidence for antidiarrheal activity was provided by the reduced fecal output and protection from castor oil-induced diarrhea in the extract-treated animals. The extract remarkably decreased the propulsive movement of the gastrointestinal contents. On the isolated guineapig ileum, the extract did not appreciably affect acetylcholine and histamine induced contractions, but significantly reduced nicotine evoked contractions. The i.p. LD50 of the extract in mice was estimated to be 785.65 ± 24 mg/kg.
Various Aspects of Cognition and their Importance for Teaching (2013)

Cognition includes many aspects which are valuable to consider in teaching. First, one can contrast Thinking and Feeling, both being interrelated with other levels like temperament and affect in the bigger system of Volition, but at the same time evoking different styles of processing information. Thinking is associated with analytical reasoning and is therefore of major importance in working phases requiring concentration and control over every step of the way. Feeling, on the other hand, regards holistic feeling and is therefore needed for controversial topics and creative tasks. It is closely linked to Intuition as in both cases emotional evaluation make for the decision on a certain action. Knowing about those different processes, both Thinking and Feeling might be used for influencing the classroom mood and by that providing a more student-centred way of learning. Volition, which can be described as self-motivation, subsumes action control strategies, goal orientation, achievement motivation and self-assessment as well as self-control, self-regulation and selfdetermination. Each one of those aspects will be focused on throughout the article and after each part tips for teachers are provided in order how to realise the findings in practise.
Third order nonlinear susceptibility of InN at near band-gap wavelengths (2007)

The authors report room-temperature measurements of the third order nonlinear susceptibility modulus ∣χ(3)∣ of thick (∼600nm) InN layers. Transmission measurements provide a room-temperature value for the optical band gap of the samples slightly above 1500nm. Third order nonlinear optical susceptibility has been measured using degenerate four wave mixing experiments at wavelengths near and above band gap. ∣χ(3)∣ values of (4.2–10)×10−10esu were measured at this wavelength range. The associated relaxation time of the generated population grating at 1500nm was measured. The obtained value of 4.8ps is consistent with a nonradiative recombination mechanism.
Enhanced heat shock protein 70 expression alters proteasomal degradation of IκB kinase in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome* (2007)

Treatment of sepsis-induced lung injury with AdHSP limits NF-kappaB activation. This results from stabilization of intermediary NF-kappaB/IkappaBalpha/IkappaB kinase complexes in a way that impairs proteasomal degradation of IkappaBalpha. This novel mechanism by which Hsp70 attenuates an intracellular process may be of therapeutic value.
Substring-Level Energy-Yield Assessment of Photovoltaic Modules Subject to Partial Shading Conditions (2015)

The purpose of this work is to quantify an upper-limit for the energy-yield gains of solutions to track the substring-level maximum power point, since solutions are proposed without knowing the maximum recoverable power as compared to module-level maximum power point tracking. This paper therefore introduces a novel measurement set-up for photovoltaic modules to evaluate the additional energy capture potential when applying submodule solutions to overcome partial-shading. The set-up measures the IV characteristics of 10 substrings that constitute a module, which provides information about the energy-yield and substring characteristics over time. Three test cases are executed. In the first two test cases, the module is artificially shaded. Output power gains of 20 W (43.5% relative to M-MPP) to 30 W (91.6%) were obtained, assuming that ideally the substring-level and modulelevel maximum power-point can be tracked without power conversion losses. In the third case the PV module is measured during one month under weather-as-is conditions to quantify the energy-yield difference between substringlevel maximum power-point tracking and module-level maximum power-point tracking.
DEVELOPMENTS IN THE VISUALIZATION OF ROTOR WAKES USING THE WIDE-FIELD SHADOWGRAPH METHOD (1993)

Some techniques are discussed that aid in the flow visualization of rotor tip vortices using wide-field shadowgraphy. The use of a beam splitter is shown to provide a particularly important enhancement to the method when large fields or angles of view are required. The optical characteristics of the strobe, observation screen, and recording film are also shown to be important for maximizing the shadowgraph contrast. Finally, theoretical predictions of the shadowgraph contrast for a series of compressible vortices are compared to experimental contrast results with a view to estimating the general velocity profile, viscous core radius, and viscous diffusion rate of the tip vortices.
Ceramic pressure device for preparation of known gas concentrations at the 100 parts-per-million level (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCeramic pressure device for preparation of known gas concentrations at the 100 parts-per-million levelHerman D. Axelrod, Ronald J. Teck, James P. Lodge, and Raymond H. AllenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1971, 43, 3, 496Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60298a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60298a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Skinks (Reptilia: Scincidae) Have Highly Conserved Karyotypes as Revealed by Chromosome Painting (2009)

Skinks represent the most diversified squamate reptiles with a great variation in body size and form, and are found worldwide in a variety of habitats. Their remarkable diversification has been accompanied by only a few chromosome rearrangements, resulting in highly-conservative chromosomal complements of these lizards. In this study cross-species chromosome painting using Scincus scincus (2n = 32) as the source genome, was used to detect the chromosomal rearrangements and homologies between the following skinks: Chalcides chalcides (2n = 28), C. ocellatus (2n = 28), Eumeces schneideri (2n = 32), Lepidothyris fernandi (2n = 30), Mabuya quinquetaeniata (2n = 32). The results of this study confirmed a high degree of chromosome conservation between these species. The main rearrangements in the studied skinks involve chromosomes 3, 5, 6 and 7 of S. scincus. These subtelocentric chromosomes are homologous to the p and q arms of metacentric pair 3 and 4 in C. chalcides, C. ocellatus, L. fernandi, and M. quinquetaeniata, while they are entirely conserved in E. schneideri. Other rearrangements involve S. scincus 11 in L. fernandi and M. quinquetaeniata, supporting the monophyly of Lygosominae, and one of the chromosomes S. scincus 12-16, in M. quinquetaeniata. In conclusion, our data support the monophyly of Scincidae and confirm that Scincus-Eumeces plus Chalcides do not form a monophyletic clade, suggesting that the Scincus-Eumeces clade is basal to other members of this family. This study represents the first time the whole genome of any reptile species has been used for cross-species chromosome painting to assess chromosomal evolution in this group of vertebrates.
Anti-receptor anti-MHC cytotoxic T lymphocytes: their role in the resistance to graft vs host reaction. (1987)

Specific resistance to local graft vs host reaction (GvHR) observed in F1 hybrids pretreated s.c., i.p., or i.v. with parent strain spleen cells has been explained as being due to cytotoxic cells induced in these pretreated F1 hybrids and directed against cells bearing receptors that recognize the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alloantigens of the opposite parent strain (anti-receptor anti-MHC cytotoxic T lymphocytes; CTL). These anti-receptor anti-MHC CTL, however, have never been detected directly in popliteal lymph nodes (PLN), which develop a specific resistance to GvHR. In this paper, we describe the detection of anti-receptor anti-D2 cytotoxic activity in both right and left PLN of B6D2F1 hybrids injected s.c. in the right footpad only with B6 spleen cells. This cytotoxic activity appears 4 days after the injection of B6 cells and diminishes by day 7. It is mediated by a Thy-1+, L3T4-, Lyt-2+ cell of B6D2F1 origin and induced by the injection of either Thy-1+L3T4+Lyt-2- or Thy-1+L3T4-Lyt-2+ B6 spleen cells. The anti-receptor anti-D2 CTL activity is not observed in PLN of B6D2F1 hybrids pretreated i.p. or i.v. with B6 spleen cells. Our results demonstrate that anti-receptor anti-MHC CTL can fully explain the specific resistance to GvHR induced by the s.c. pretreatment of F1 hybrids with parent strain spleen cells. Their role, however, in the resistance to GvHR observed in F1 hybrids i.v. or i.p. pretreated is far from being entirely proven.
Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in the treatment of steroid-dependent chronic bronchial asthma in adults. (1977)

Crosslinked liquid crystal polymers (CLCPs) containing azobenzene mesogens have been developed as stimuli-responsive materials, which can undergo photodeformation and thus convert light energy into mechanical force. The deformation behavior of CLCPs is strongly influenced by the alignment of the mesogens; however, a precise control of the alignment domain at micro-scale is still a challenge. Here we report complex molecular alignment in the CLCP film by using photoalignment technology. First, azo dye SD1 is aligned in-plane by UV light with a discrete alternating striped director profile. The SD1 molecules in adjacent strips are aligned orthogonal, and the widths of the strips are controlled in several hundred micrometers by a photomask with grating patterns. Then the liquid crystal molecules in the CLCP film are aligned by SD1 through the anchoring effect on one side (SD1 side), and aligned perpendicular by the polyimide (PI) alignment layer on the other side (PI side). With these alignments, two kinds of splayed structures are formed through the depth of the film. When irradiated by UV light, the film bends toward the SD1 side with the bending direction along the diagonal of the film, determined by the resultant direction of molecular alignment on the SD1 side. When irradiated by blue light and heat, the bending direction is along the edge of the film. This dual-responsive deformable film with complex alignment is anticipated to be used in shape-changing biomedical devices, multiple controllable switches, and microactuators.
The bit-serial systolic back-projection engine (BSSBPE) (2002)

The author presents a machine designed with a two-phase approach. First, the selection of an efficient algorithm, based on the quality of the final image and on the computational efficiency, is undertaken. Second, the algorithm is realized in hardware which incorporates efficient array processing structures, with the aim of creating regular repeated structures. The design is based on the S.Y. Kung and C.E. Leiserson (1978) approach, although certain elements of the architecture deviate from a true systolic architecture. These include bidirectional communication, which allows other image processing operations to be performed. The bit-serial machine is designed to perform the image reconstruction operation known as back-projection. The machine offers significant speed improvement over the general-purpose pipeline architectures used at present.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Combination of Enoxaparin and Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 Increases Myocardial Blood Flow and Capillary Density after Myocardial Infarction in Rabbits (2005)

Treatment with either enoxaparin or FGF-1 or FGF-1 + enoxaparin resulted in increased microvessel growth. However, only the combination of enoxaparin with FGF-1 promotes capillary growth and RMBF. Thus, we conclude that enoxaparin enhances the angiogenic potential of intramyocardially injected FGF-1 in the acutely infarcted rabbit heart.
Heat-stress abatement during the dry period: Does cooling improve transition into lactation? (2009)

Environmental factors, especially temperature and light exposure, influence the health and productivity of dairy cows during lactation, possibly via similar physiological mechanisms. For example, heat stress is a critical component of decreased milk yield during summer. However, less is known about the effect of heat stress during the dry period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of heat stress prepartum under a controlled photoperiod on lactation performance and hepatic metabolic gene expression of periparturient multiparous Holstein cows (n = 16). Cows were dried off approximately 46 d before expected calving date and assigned to treatment randomly after blocking by mature equivalent milk production and parity. Treatments consisted of either heat stress (HT) or cooling (CL) with fans and sprinklers, both under a photoperiod of 14L:10D. Rectal temperature was measured twice daily during the dry period. After calving, cows were housed in a freestall barn with cooling devices, and milk yield was recorded daily up to 210 d in milk. Blood samples were taken from dry off until +42 d relative to calving for metabolites and from -2 until +2 d relative to calving for hormone analysis. Daily dry matter intake was measured from -35 to +42 d relative to calving. Liver biopsies were collected at dry off, -20, +2, and +20 d relative to calving for cows on HT (n = 5) and CL (n = 4) to measure mRNA expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling-2 (SOCS-2), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5), a key transcription factor in lipid biosynthesis (SREBP-1c), and enzymes of lipid metabolism (FASN, ACACA, and ACADVL) by real-time quantitative PCR. Heat stress increased rectal temperatures (39.2 vs. 38.8 degrees C), plasma prolactin concentrations at -1 (171 vs. 79 ng/mL) and 0 d (210 vs. 115 ng/mL) relative to calving, and decreased dry matter intake at 0 and +14 d relative to calving and 3.5% fat-corrected milk postpartum (26.1 vs. 35.4 kg/d) compared with CL cows. Relative to CL cows, hepatic mRNA expression of SOCS-2 and IGFBP-5 was downregulated in HT cows. Expression of ACADVL was upregulated in CL cows at d +2 but downregulated at d +20 relative to HT cows. Concentrations of C16:0 and cis C18:1 were greater in the milk and liver of CL cows compared with HT cows, which reflects greater lipid mobilization. These results suggest that heat-stress abatement in the dry period improves subsequent lactation, possibly via suppression of plasma prolactin surge around calving, SOCS-2 expression, and regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism.
Discovery of a new phospho-HER2+/FISH- molecular subtype of human breast cancer by functional pathway mapping (2009)

11009 Background: Effective treatment of breast cancer through the targeting of the HER2 protein in human breast cancer represents a major advance in oncology, yet the identification of responders has relied on non-quantitative methods (IHC) that measure the erbB2 protein or indirect genomic analysis (FISH) of the erbB2 gene that cannot predict protein pathway activation status. We utilized a new quantitative protein microarray assay to measure total and phosphorylated HER2 in the context of broad-scale EGFR signal pathway mapping in order to generate a new molecular characterization scheme for human breast cancer. Methods: Pure tumor epithelium from 149 frozen pre-treatment human breast cancer tissue specimens (from the I-SPY TRIAL: CALGB 150007/150012, ACRIN 6657) were procured via Laser Capture Microdissection and protein pathway mapping was performed using Reverse Phase Protein Microarrays (RPMA) whereby the activation of 40 key signaling proteins was quantitatively measured at once. Results: While phospho-HER2 and total HER2 as measured by RPMA had excellent concordance with FISH (95%) and IHC (94%), of the 63 cases where both clinical FISH and IHC status of c-erbB2 were known, we discovered that 5/45 (11%) of the FISH-/IHC- cases had phosphorylated HER2 levels as high or higher than the FISH+/IHC positive patients. These results were confirmed and validated by independent analysis with quantitative Western Blot using a separate biopsy specimen from the same patients. Conclusions: A new molecular phenotype of human breast cancer has been identified whereby total levels of HER2 are low yet levels of the phosphorlyated receptor are very high. This molecular phenotype is not detectable by FISH analysis nor by measurement of the total HER2 protein itself. Given the central importance of phosphorylation on effective signal transduction of the EGFR family, we are planning to determine the clinical significance of this finding by retrospective analysis of banked material with outcome, and a prospective clinical trial in I-SPY 2. Support: ACRIN U01 CA079778 ; CALGB CA31964, CA33601; NCI SPORE CA58207. [Table: see text]
Response rates to single-agent carfilzomib in patients refractory or intolerant to both bortezomib and immunomodulators in trial PX-171-003-A1. (2012)

8035 Background: Patients (pts) with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RR MM) who are refractory or intolerant to both bortezomib (BTZ) and immunomodulators (IMiDs; thalidomide [Thal] or lenalidomide [Len]) (ie, “double-refractory/intolerant”), have few therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Carfilzomib (CFZ), a next generation proteasome inhibitor (PI), has shown durable single-agent activity in clinical studies including 003-A1, an open-label, single-arm phase 2b trial in RR MM. The present analysis describes clinical activity in pts from 003-A1 with double-refractory/intolerant disease and in other groups of clinical interest including pts with disease refractory to all 5 approved classes of anti-MM tx (alkylators, anthracyclines, corticosteroids, IMiDs, and PIs) in clinical use (“refractory to all approved tx”). Methods: Pts from 003-A1 with double-refractory/intolerant disease were analyzed, as were pts with disease refractory to all approved tx. CFZ was given on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16 of 28-day cycles (C), (20 mg/m 2 in C1; 27 mg/m 2 in C2–12). Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), overall survival, and safety. Results: The study ORR was 22.9% with median DOR of 7.8 mo (N=266). 228 pts (86%) with double-refractory/intolerant disease had ORRs of 20.6% and a median DOR of 7.4 mo. Conclusions: Single-agent CFZ demonstrated clinically meaningful, durable responses in pts with double-refractory/intolerant MM or disease refractory to all 5 approved classes of tx. The ORRs across groups of clinical interest were generally consistent with results for the entire study population. These results are notable for a next-generation PI and demonstrate the activity of single-agent CFZ in pts with advanced stage MM. [Table: see text]
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from The Proinflammatory Myeloid Cell Receptor TREM-1 Controls Kupffer Cell Activation and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 19K&lt;/p&gt;