gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects and toxicity of green tea polyphenols for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis (1996)

BACKGROUND Recently, an epidemiologic study showed a lower risk of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in green tea drinkers. An experiment on two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice showed that (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of the main constituents of green tea, inhibited tumor formation. METHODS The inhibitory effects of EGCG and green tea extract (GTE) on N-ethyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG)-induced duodenal carcinogenesis in the mouse, N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced carcinogenesis of the glandular stomach in the rat, and azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat were examined. The toxicity of GTE was assessed experimentally and GTE was applied clinically in normal volunteers to determine the effective dose and to assess its harmful effects. RESULTS EGCG and GTE inhibited chemical carcinogenesis of the gastrointestinal tract in rodents. Judging from the epidemiologic and experimental findings, it was determined that 1 g per day of GTE might be an effective dose. GTE was not toxic and no harmful effect was found during its clinical use. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that EGCG and GTE are useful in preventing gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, and the clinical usefulness of GTE, which has no harmful effects and is inexpensive, should be studied further. Cancer 1996;77:1662-7.
Detailed rate coefficients and the enthalpy change of the equilibrium reaction OH+C2H4=MHOC2H4 over the temperature range 544–673 K (1992)

The reaction between OH and C2H4 in He has been studied over the pressure range 278–616 Torr and the temperature range 544–673 K by means of the laser-photolysis/laser-induced-fluorescence technique. Analysis of the temporal profile of [OH] yielded the equilibrium constant for the reaction OH+C2H4+M■HOC2H4+M. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant led to the enthalpy of reaction ΔH=−(30.3±0.8) kcal mol−1 and the entropy of reaction ΔS=−(30.9±1.0) cal K−1 mol−1 near 600 K, in agreement with previous predictions. Analysis of the detailed rate coefficients suggests that the H-atom abstraction reaction is relatively unimportant in the temperature range of our study; the rate coefficient determined previously for the H-atom abstraction near 673 K may have been overestimated. The temperature dependence of the rate coefficients for the forward, the reverse, and the adduct-loss reactions have been determined to be kf =(4±3)×10−13 exp[(1200±800)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1, kr =(6.2±1.0)×1011 exp[−(11 900±400)/T] s−1, and ka=(8.8+25−1.5)×109 exp[−(10 400+1600−400)/T] s−1, respectively.
Formation of Li[sub 1+n]V[sub 3]O[sub 8]∕β-Li[sub 1∕3]V[sub 2]O[sub 5]∕C Nanocomposites by Carboreduction and the Resulting Improvement in Li Capacity Retention (2006)

International audience
Advanced digital signal processing techniques for compensation of nonlinear distortion in wideband multicarrier radio receivers (2006)

One of the main trends in the evolution of radio receivers and other wireless device is to implement more and more of the receiver functionalities using digital signal processing (DSP). However, due to practical limitations in the analog-to-digital conversion process, some analog signal processing stages are likely to remain also in the continuation. With the ever-increasing demands for the system performance and supported data rates on one side, and the terminal flexibility and implementation costs on the other, the requirements for these remaining analog front-end stages become extremely challenging to meet. Then, one interesting idea in this context is to apply sophisticated DSP-based techniques to compensate for some of the most fundamental nonidealities of the receiver analog front-ends. In this paper, we focus on developing and demonstrating novel digital techniques to mitigate the effects of harmonic and intermodulation distortion in wideband multicarrier or multichannel receivers using adaptive interference cancellation. The approach in general is practically oriented and largely based on analyzing and processing measured real-world receiver front-end signals. The obtained results indicate that the proposed compensation technique can be used to suppress nonlinear distortion due to receiver front-end sections under realistic signaling assumptions.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(16BETA,17BETA‐DIHYDROXY‐3‐OXOANDROST‐4‐EN‐17ALPHA‐YL)PROPIONIC ACID GAMMA‐LACTONE, ITS PREPARATION AND ANTIMINERALOCORTICOID ACTIVITY (1973)

Abstract ′Das Androstenol (I) wird mit Cyclohexanon/Aluminiumisopropylat in Toluol zu dem Keton (II) oxidiert, das mit Salzsäure in Äthanol zu dem Diol (III) hydrolysiert wird.
Influence of the Autonomic Nervous System on Calcium Homeostasis in the Rat (1994)

The local surgical manipulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves innervating the thyroid-parathyroid territory was employed to search for the existence of a peripheral neuroendocrine link controlling parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) release. From 8 to 24 h after superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx), at the time of wallerian degeneration of thyroid-parathyroid sympathetic nerve terminals, an alpha-adrenergic inhibition, together with a minor beta-adrenergic stimulation, of hypercalcemia-induced CT release, and an alpha-adrenoceptor inhibition of hypocalcemia-induced PTH release were found. In chronically SCGx rats PTH response to EDTA was slower, and after CaCl2 injection, serum calcium attained higher levels in face of normal CT levels. SCGx blocked the PTH increase found in sham-operated rats stressed by a subcutaneous injection of turpentine oil, but did not affect the greater response to EDTA. The higher hypocalcemia seen after turpentine oil was no longer observed in SCGx rats. The effects of turpentine oil stress on calcium and CT responses to a bolus injection of CaCl2 persisted in rats subjected to SCGx 14 days earlier. Interruption of thyroid-parathyroid parasympathetic input conveyed by the thyroid nerves (TN) and the inferior laryngeal nerves (ILN) caused a fall in total serum calcium, an increase of PTH levels and a decrease of CT levels, when measured 10 days after surgery. Greater responses of serum CT and PTH were detected in TN-sectioned, and in TN- or ILN-sectioned rats, respectively. Physiological concentrations of CT decreased, and those of PTH increased, in vitro cholinergic activity in rat SCG, measured as specific choline uptake, and acetylcholine synthesis and release. The results indicate that cervical autonomic nerves constitute a pathway through which the brain modulates calcium homeostasis.
Advanced Emission Reduction Technologies for Locomotives: Emission Testing (2001)

Emissions variability from engine-to-engine
Supplementary Table 4C from Global Methylation Profiling for Risk Prediction of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 111K, Significance of methylation in prostate cancer tissue samples from 4 microarrays with the batch effect&lt;/p&gt;
Examining the effects of antidiscrimination laws on children in the foster care and adoption systems (2022)

Abstract How are children affected when states prohibit child welfare agencies from discriminating against same‐sex couples who wish to foster or adopt? This question stands at the heart of a debate between governments that seek to impose such antidiscrimination requirements and child welfare agencies that challenge them on religious freedom grounds. Yet until now there has been no reliable evidence on whether and how antidiscrimination rules for these agencies impact children. We have conducted the first nationwide study of how child outcomes vary when states adopt such antidiscrimination rules for child welfare agencies. Analyzing 20 years of child welfare data (2000–2019), we estimate that state antidiscrimination rules both (1) modestly increase children's success at finding foster and permanent homes, and (2) greatly reduce the average time to place children in such homes. These effects vary among subgroups, such that children who are most likely to find a home are generally not affected by state antidiscrimination requirements, whereas children who are least likely to find a home (primarily older children and children with various disabilities) benefit substantially from antidiscrimination measures. We estimate that the effect of antidiscrimination rules is equivalent to 15,525 additional children finding permanent homes and 360,000 additional children finding foster homes, nationwide, over a period of 20 years. Overall, the project offers two key contributions: First, it provides empirical grounding for some of the most heated constitutional and political battles of the culture wars. Second, it advances empirical legal studies by bringing machine learning causal inference to law.
Reversal of Growth Arrest With the Combined Administration of Oxandrolone and Propranolol in Severely Burned Children (2016)

Combined administration of oxandrolone and propranolol attenuates burn-induced growth arrest in pediatric burn patients. The present study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00675714 and NCT00239668.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxetanocin, a Novel Nucleoside Containing an Oxetane Ring, and Its Carbocyclic Analogs (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrochemical Potential Spectroscopy: A New Electrochemical Measurement (1979)

A new electrochemical technique is described that involves applying a series of constant potential steps to an electrochemical cell. On each potential step the cell is permitted to attain quasi open‐circuit conditions by letting the current decay to a small, but finite, value. When small voltage steps are made, the voltage‐charge relation is a highly precise and accurate approximation to the thermodynamic properties of the cell. Application to the couple shows that the charge accumulated on each voltage step resembles an electrochemical potential spectrogram that provides evidence for the structural ordering of lithium in . The technique may be used to study the potential‐dependent cell kinetics, the thermodynamics of adsorption on surfaces, and the phase diagrams of cathode materials.
109. Triazoles. Part VI. 1,5-Diaryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-aldehydes (1962)

E. J. Browne and J. B. Polya, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 575 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620000575
Framework for visual modeling of software product line (2010)

Software product line has introduced a systematic reuse of work already carried out during software development within an organization. It gives an opportunity not to build the software from scratch. UML has almost become industry standard for visual modeling of software project. The current form of UML does not directly support the concept of software product line process there is a need to introduce some new or extensions in the existing diagrams of UML so that they can model the software product line engineering process. In this paper we have proposed a conceptual framework for visual modeling of software product lines, by introducing diagrams and symbols to develop the diagrams and support the process.
A rapid and reliable method for NO quantification and15NO/14NO determination using isotope ratio mass spectrometry: an application for the detection of NO synthesis in propionibacteria (1999)

For the last decade, numerous studies have focused on the positive or toxic effects of nitric oxide (NO) in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells. This gas has fundamental roles in neurotransmission, vasodilatation, cytotoxicity, and intestinal motility. The ability to produce NO by intestinal microflora or probiotic bacteria is unknown. In this preliminary study, we present a rapid and reproducible procedure for NO quantification and 15NO/14NO determination (based on the reaction between nitrite and acidic potassium iodide) by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Using this method, we have demonstrated for the first time in vitro production of NO by a dietary bacterium (Propionibacterium acidipropionici, Pa 1) under anaerobic culture conditions. Using different sources of nitrogen, we have clearly shown that propionibacteria can synthesize NO from reduction of nitrate or nitrite. In our experimental conditions, NO synthase was not involved in NO production by propionibacteria.
An Automated Method for Lumen and Media–Adventitia Border Detection in a Sequence of IVUS Frames (2004)

In this paper, we present a method for the automated detection of lumen and media-adventitia border in sequential intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) frames. The method is based on the use of deformable models. The energy function is appropriately modified and minimized using a Hopfield neural network. Proper modifications in the definition of the bias of the neurons have been introduced to incorporate image characteristics. A simulated annealing scheme is included to ensure convergence at a global minimum. The method overcomes distortions in the expected image pattern, due to the presence of calcium, employing a specialized structure of the neural network and boundary correction schemas which are based on a priori knowledge about the vessel geometry. The proposed method is evaluated using sequences of IVUS frames from 18 arterial segments, some of them indicating calcified regions. The obtained results demonstrate that our method is statistically accurate, reproducible, and capable to identify the regions of interest in sequences of IVUS frames.
Thrombolytic Therapy In Acute Myocardial Infarction (1989)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Machine learning deciphers structural features of RNA duplexes measured with solution X-ray scattering (2020)

Macromolecular structures can be determined from solution X-ray scattering. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) provides global structural information on length scales of 10s to 100s of Ångstroms, and many algorithms are available to convert SAXS data into low-resolution structural envelopes. Extension of measurements to wider scattering angles (WAXS or wide-angle X-ray scattering) can sharpen the resolution to below 10 Å, filling in structural details that can be critical for biological function. These WAXS profiles are especially challenging to interpret because of the significant contribution of solvent in addition to solute on these smaller length scales. Based on training with molecular dynamics generated models, the application of extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) is discussed, which is a supervised machine learning (ML) approach to interpret features in solution scattering profiles. These ML methods are applied to predict key structural parameters of double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) duplexes. Duplex conformations vary with salt and sequence and directly impact the foldability of functional RNA molecules. The strong structural periodicities in these duplexes yield scattering profiles with rich sets of features at intermediate-to-wide scattering angles. In the ML models, these profiles are treated as 1D images or features. These ML models identify specific scattering angles, or regions of scattering angles, which correspond with and successfully predict distinct structural parameters. Thus, this work demonstrates that ML strategies can integrate theoretical molecular models with experimental solution scattering data, providing a new framework for extracting highly relevant structural information from solution experiments on biological macromolecules.
Large Scale Labelled Video Data Augmentation for Semantic Segmentation in Driving Scenarios (2017)

In this paper we present an analysis of the effect of large scale video data augmentation for semantic segmentation in driving scenarios. Our work is motivated by a strong correlation between the high performance of most recent deep learning based methods and the availability of large volumes of ground truth labels. To generate additional labelled data, we make use of an occlusion-aware and uncertainty-enabled label propagation algorithm [8]. As a result we increase the availability of high-resolution labelled frames by a factor of 20, yielding in a 6.8% to 10.8% rise in average classification accuracy and/or IoU scores for several semantic segmentation networks. Our key contributions include: (a) augmented CityScapes and CamVid datasets providing 56.2K and 6.5K additional labelled frames of object classes respectively, (b) detailed empirical analysis of the effect of the use of augmented data as well as (c) extension of proposed framework to instance segmentation.
Chlorhexidine chip in the treatment of chronic periodontitis - a clinical study. (2014)

The CHX chip did not provide any clinical benefit beyond that achieved with conventional scaling and rootplaning after a three month period.
CloudMan as a tool execution framework for the cloud (2012)

Cloud computing has revolutionized how availability and access to computing and storage resources is realized ; it has made it possible to provision a large computational infrastructure in a matter of minutes, all through a web browser. What it has not yet solved is accessibility of a tool execution environment where tools and data can easily be added and used in non-trivial scenarios. In this paper, we demonstrate how CloudMan (http://usecloudman.org) can be used to provide complete and complex tool execution environments for making cloud resources functional for a desired domain.
Evaluation methods in SARA—the graph model simulator (1979)

The supported methodology evolving in the SARA (System ARchitects' Apprentice) system creates a design frame-work on which increasingly powerful analytical tools are to be grafted. Control flow analyses and program verification tools have shown promise. However, in the realm of the complex systems which interest us there is a great deal of research and development to be done before we can count on the use of such powerful tools. We must always be prepared to resort to experiments for evaluation of proposed designs. This paper describes a fundamental SARA tool, the graph model simulator. During top-down refinement of a design, the simulator is used to test consistency between the levels of abstraction. During composition, known building blocks are linked together and the composite graph model is tested relative to the lowest top-down model. Design of test environments is integrated with the multilevel design process. The SARA methodology is exemplified through design of a higher level building block to do a simple FFT.
<title>Hybrid finite element-boundary element method for vector modeling diffractive optical elements</title> (1996)

We apply a 2D hybrid finite element-boundary element method to the analysis of diffractive optical elements (DOEs). We use the finite element method to solve Helmoltz's equation in the interior of a DOE and use the boundary element method, a Green's function approach, to determine the field exterior to the DOE. We couple the two methods at the DOE surface by enforcing field continuity conditions. We use the hybrid method to analyze the diffraction from a binary-phase lens that has subwavelength features and an eight level diffractive lens.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 6‐DESOXY‐D‐GALACTO‐HEPTOSE (1974)

Abstract Durch Wittig‐Reaktion der galacto‐Hexodialdopyranose (Ia) mit Methoxymethylentriphenylphosphoran wird das Derivat (Ib) erhalten, das zur Verbindung (II) umgesetzt wird.
Color Gamut Mapping by Optimizing Perceptual Image Quality (1996)

This paper describes color gamut mapping technique as an optimization problem for finding an image which is perceptually closest to the original one among the images which only contain reproducible colors for the destination device. Perceptual difference between images is defined as a color difference of band-pass-filtered images rather than simple summation of &#x394;E of each pixel within the image.
Decomposition of Charge-State Distributions for a Better Understanding of Electrospray Mass Spectra of Bioorganic Compounds. Part 1: Basic Formalism (2009)

Further development in our approach for the interpretation of a mass spectral peak series resulting from unique modifications at a number of molecular sites is described and its application for the analysis of electrospray mass spectra of multiply-charged ions of biopolymers is specified. This method was based initially on the assumption that the modifications are mutually independent. The output is a set of modification probabilities for the considered molecular sites, which explains the observed peak intensity distribution with the best accuracy. It is shown here that the method is also applicable, in some cases, to the strong interaction between modified sites. This is important for the formation of multiply-charged ions, at least in the gas phase, since it should be significantly influenced by the internal electric fields. The capabilities and limitations of this approach are discussed. One limitation is that only unimodal distributions (those having only one maximum) are possible in the considered model. Another is that relatively large biomolecules may not be suitable for this type of analysis. Some experimental results of the application of this method are described in Part 2 of this work.
IC‐P‐028: PATTERNS OF INCREASED AND DECREASED PRECUNEUS FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN SCD DEPENDING ON AMYLOID STATUS (2019)

The precuneus/posterior cingulate (PCC) is a hub region of the default-mode network (DMN) and a prominent target of amyloid-beta (Aß) deposition in MCI and AD causing subsequent disruptions of DMN functional connectivity (FC). In subjective cognitive decline (SCD), amyloid load effects on posterior DMN FC are less well known. We aimed to compare precuneus FC in SCD with and without amyloid deposition and to disentangle the contributions of regional & global Aß load. We included age and sex-matched 24 SCDAß+ and 22 SCDAß- individuals from the DELCODE-PET sub-cohort (Tab. 1), based on qualitative ratings of [18F]florbetaben (Neuraceq™) PET scans by two experienced readers. Global and regional amyloid burden was quantified by standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) using cerebellar cortex as reference region. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired at 3T, and preprocessed and analyzed with DPARSFA. Seed-based FC maps were generated between the time series of a bilateral precuneus seed region and each voxel of the whole brain, respectively. Voxelwise FC group differences in two-sample t-tests were considered significant at p < 0.005 voxel-level and p < 0.05 FWE cluster-level. For clusters showing significant group differences, follow-up analyses explored correlations between their mean FC values and (i) regional PCC amyloid load and (ii) global amyloid load. Precuneus FC was significantly increased with occipital and lingual/cerebellar regions, and significantly decreased with left superior/middle frontal and left inferior parietal / angular regions in SCDAß+ as compared to SCDAß (Tab.2, Fig.1). In the SCDAß+ group only, precuneus-occipital mean FC showed a significant positive correlation with PCC amyloid load (r=0.42, p=0.04) (Fig.2).