gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathogenicity, host specificity and genetic diversity in Norwegian isolates of Microdochium nivale and Microdochium majus (2020)

Abstract Microdochium majus and Microdochium nivale cause serious disease problems in grasses and cereal crops in the temperate regions. Both fungi can infect the plants during winter (causing pink snow mould) as well as under cool humid conditions during spring and fall. We conducted a pathogenicity test of 15 M. nivale isolates and two M. majus isolates from Norway at low temperature on four different grass cultivars of Lolium perenne and Festulolium hybrids. Significant differences between M. nivale isolates in the ability to cause pink snow mould were detected. The M. nivale strains originally isolated from grasses were more pathogenic than isolates from cereals. The genetic diversity of M. nivale and M. majus isolates was studied by sequencing four genetic regions; Elongation factor-1 alpha ( EF-1α ), β-tubulin, RNA polymerase II ( RPB2) and the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). Phylogenetic trees based on the sequences of these four genetic regions resolved M. nivale and M. majus isolates into separate clades. Higher genetic diversity was found among M. nivale isolates than among M. majus isolates. M. nivale isolates revealed genetic differences related to different host plants (grasses vs. cereals) and different geographic regions (Norway and UK vs. North America). Sequence results from the RPB2 and β-tubulin genes were more informative than those from ITS and EF-1α . The genetic and phenotypic differences detected between Norwegian M. nivale isolates from cereals and grasses support the assumption that host specialization exist within M. nivale isolates.
Reply by Authors (2019)

Using a standardized reporting metric, the SIB margin score (reference 13 in article), we found that the resection technique varies across surgeons on a case by case basis and surgeons may not necessarily be more likely to use familiar techniques. Most importantly, the resection technique was an independent predictor not only of positive surgical margins but also of AKI and perioperative surgical complications.
Diffuse myocardial fibrosis is associated with impaired myocardial strain and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study (2014)

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the joints, with frequent extra-articular complications including cardiovascular disease and cardiac fibrosis from multiple causes. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis can be detected non-invasively by extracellular volume (ECV) mapping based on preand postcontrast T1 measurements using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). We therefore hypothesized that CMR T1 mapping can detect subclinical diffuse myocardial fibrosis in patients with RA.
Propellane der Glykoluril-Reihe und überbrückte Tetrazocine (1987)

Als bishomo-antiaromatische 12π-Elektronensysteme können die Dianionen 1 aufgefaßt werden, die durch Reduktion der 2,6-überbrückten 1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine 2 mit Kalium in flüssigem NH3 oder durch Deprotonierung der Propellane 3 mit KOtBu entstehen. Synthetisieren lassen sich die Verbindungen 2 und 3 einfach durch Kondensation von cyclischen 1,2-Diketonen und Harnstoff sowie nachfolgende Meerwein-Alkylierung. Tetraazasemibullvalene treten nicht auf.
Noninvasive cardiac output monitoring by aortic blood flow determination (1998)

The Dynemo-3000 system is able to display the real aortic diameter, which is one of the most important components of this noninvasive ultrasonic technique. When compared with TD-CO, the ABF determination provided by this ultrasonic device constitutes a reliable noninvasive tool for estimating CO and tracking its changes.
Performance evaluation of series connected 1700V SiC MOSFET devices (2015)

The low voltage SiC (Silicon carbide) MOSFET (1.2 kV to 1.7 kV) increases the switching frequency limits of a power electronic converter several folds compared to low voltage Si IGBTs. Significant increase in efficiency and power density of voltage source converters can be achieved. However, for medium-voltage high-power converter applications Silicon (Si) devices (4.5 kV and 6.5 kV IGBT) are still dominant. To explore the capability of low voltage SiC devices for medium or high voltage applications, series connection of 1.7 kV/300 A SiC MOSFET modules has been investigated in this paper. A simple RC snubber method has been used for dynamic voltage sharing to offset the turn-off delays due to mismatch on device's characteristics and/or gate signals. Experimental switching characterization with different values of RC snubbers have been carried out to find the optimal RC snubber which gives minimum voltage sharing difference, snubber losses and total semiconductor losses. This paper also intends to show an optimization of the RC snubber for series connection of a limited number of 1.7kV SiC MOSFETs for 6 kV dc bus and for a generalized dc bus voltage.
Cytovillin, a Microvillar Mr 75,000 Protein (1989)

Cytovillin is a microvillar cytoplasmic peripheral membrane protein, with prominent expression in vivo in placental syncytiotrophoblasts and certain human tumors. Cytovillin cDNA was cloned from a human placental lambda gt11 library using affinity purified antibodies. The identity of cytovillin cDNA clones was confirmed by expression of cytovillin in Escherichia coli and using antibodies raised against the expressed fusion protein in comparison with antibodies against cytovillin purified from cultured human choriocarcinoma cells. In these cells Northern blotting analysis identified a major 3.5-kilobase cytovillin mRNA. The cDNA encodes a protein of 575 amino acids corresponding to a molecular weight of 68,084. According to secondary structure prediction, cytovillin is a hydrophilic protein with an extensive internal alpha-helical region ending in a sequence of 7 consecutive prolines. The predicted alpha-helical region showed limited homology to alpha-helical regions of cytoskeletal proteins and certain other proteins, but no extensive homologies were found in the cytovillin cDNA or the deduced amino acid sequence to other registered DNA or protein sequences. Southern blot analysis of a DNA panel of human mouse somatic cell hybrids localized the cytovillin gene to the end of the long arm of chromosome 6 (6q22-q27). Our results show that cytovillin is representative of a novel class of microvillar proteins.
Electrically evoked myoelectric signals of back muscles: Effect of side dominance (1992)

Electrically evoked myoelectric signals (MES) may be expected to provide information about muscle properties more objectively than voluntary MES (1); To test the sensitivity of electrically evoked MES to small physiological differences some parameters of MES where studied on the right and left longissimus dorsi (RLD and LLD) of five right handed (RH) and five left handed (LH) healthy young subjects. Measurements were repeated five times in five different days for a total of 100 contractions. Supramaximal electrical stimulation was applied with monopolar technique using monophasic current pulses of 0.2 ms width and frequency of 25 Hz, first to the RLD and then to the LLD for 30 s each. A 3x4 cm and a 10x12 cm sponge electrode where applied on the main muscle motor point and on the shoulder blades respectively. Motor points were usually at the T9-T12 level. MES were detected 3 cm to 6 cm caudally with respect to the motor point, approximately at the Tll-Ll level, between two bar contacts 10 mm apart, amplified with a 10-500 Hz bandwidth, sampled at 1024 Hz and converted in 12 bit words. The 25 responses obtained during each second were averaged, the result- ing waveform was zero-padded to 512 Hz, the power spectrum was obtained with the FFT technique and the mean and median frequencies (MDF and MNF) were computed. Details of the technique are provided elsewhere (1).
The protease-activated receptor-2 agonist induces gastric mucus secretion and mucosal cytoprotection (2001)

Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), a receptor activated by trypsin/tryptase, modulates smooth muscle tone and exocrine secretion in the salivary glands and pancreas. Given that PAR-2 is expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, we investigated effects of PAR-2 agonists on mucus secretion and gastric mucosal injury in the rat. PAR-2-activating peptides triggered secretion of mucus in the stomach, but not in the duodenum. This mucus secretion was abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin, which stimulates and ablates specific sensory neurons, but it was resistant to cyclo-oxygenase inhibition. In contrast, capsaicin treatment failed to block PAR-2-mediated secretion from the salivary glands. Intravenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and neurokinin A markedly elicited gastric mucus secretion, as did substance P to a lesser extent. Specific antagonists of the CGRP1 and NK2, but not the NK1, receptors inhibited PAR-2-mediated mucus secretion. Pretreatment with the PAR-2 agonist strongly prevented gastric injury caused by HCl-ethanol or indomethacin. Thus, PAR-2 activation triggers the cytoprotective secretion of gastric mucus by stimulating the release of CGRP and tachykinins from sensory neurons. In contrast, the PAR-2-mediated salivary exocrine secretion appears to be independent of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons.
SEMIPERMEABLE AQUEOUS MICROCAPSULES: I. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES (1966)

Methods have been developed for depositing thin stable semipermeable polymer membranes around aqueous microdroplets (mean diameter down to 5 μ or less) by either interfacial polymerization or interfacial coacervation. The enclosed aqueous phase may contain enzymes or other proteins, cell fragments, or intact cells. Examples of methods for preparing such microcapsules are given in detail, and some of their properties are described.
Adaptive focus for deep tissue using diffuse backscatter (2014)

A system integrating high density diffuse optical imaging with adaptive optics using MEMS for deep tissue interaction is presented. In this system, a laser source is scanned over a high density fiber bundle using Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) and channeled to a tissue phantom. Backscatter is then collected from the tissue phantom by a high density fiber array of different fiber type and channeled to CMOS sensor for image acquisition. Intensity focus is directly verified using a second CMOS sensor which measures intensity transmitted though the tissue phantom. A set of training patterns are displayed on the DMD and backscatter is numerically fit to the transmission intensity. After the training patterns are displayed, adaptive focus is performed using only the backscatter and fitting functions. Additionally, tissue reconstruction and prediction of interference focusing by photoacoustic and optical tomographic methods is discussed. Finally, potential NIR applications such as in-vivo adaptive neural photostimulation and cancer targeting are discussed.
Early effects of asbestos exposure on lung function. (1971)

In an attempt to define the early effects of asbestos exposure on lung function, detailed studies, including tests of pulmonary mechanics, were made on 24 workers who had normal chest radiographs b...
Improved beam uniformity in multimode fibers using piezoelectric-based spatial mode scrambling for medical applications (2008)

We improve the beam uniformity passing through multimode fibers using piezoelectric-based spatial mode scrambling. Both fiber squeezing and stretching techniques are applied and compared. A more than sixfold difference in the power intensity crossing the output beam profile without mode scrambling can be reduced to a <10% variation. The efficiency of collecting useful optical power for detection is also significantly improved. Such modules can find various applications in medical imaging, disease diagnosis, and local area networks.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of Genomic DNA of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis Isolates in a Hospital (1994)

Epidemiological typing, based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), was attempted for the 38 clinical isolates of Moraxella catarrhalis obtained at Shinshu University Hospital during the years 1987 and 1993. Digestion with SmaI or NotI generated well separable, 12 to 5 genomic DNA fragments ranging from 1,000 kb to 30 kb and the strains could be classified into 14 or 13 types, respectively. The electrophoretic profile differed with the strain in most of them and was hence useful to distinguish the each strain. Investigation for their RFLP have, however, suggested that majority of them, including the type strain ATCC25238, may have derived from a common ancestor.
Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) (2014)

Introduction: To identify specific factors which contribute to gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with LVADs. To determine the number of procedures performed in patients with GI bleeding and to assess endoscopy is able identify bleeding sources in LVAD patients. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with LVADs at our institution from 2011 to 2014. Charts were extrapolated for the following data: age, gender, type of LVAD, underlying heart disease, medications prior to bleeding, INR, date of LVAD, date of bleeding event, transfusions, number and types of endoscopic procedures performed, final diagnosis, and days in hospital. Mann Whitney U test was used to compare number of procedures by their final diagnosis. Results: One hundred ten patients who had an LVAD implanted. Twenty-six (23.6%) patients had at least one bleed (28 sources). There was no difference in the age in patients with bleeding versus those without (63.2 vs. 56.9; p=0.27). There was no significant difference in gender within those who bled (females 3.84%; p=ns). The total number of endoscopies prior to diagnosis was 4.5±3.0. An upper source (proximal to the Ligament of Treitz) was identified in 17/28 bleeds (60.7%) with an average of 4.9±3.6 procedures. Of patients, 9/28 (32%) sources were found to be lower bleeds with an average of 3.7±1.3 procedures (p=0.63). The most common endoscopic finding was arteriovenous malformation (AVM) (39.3%) Table 1. Upper AVMs were found in 35.7% of all bleeding events. AVMs averaged 5.3±3.7 procedures to identify, while the remaining findings took an average of 3.9±2.6 (p=0.39) procedures. Of the AVMs, 45% were found on push enteroscopy, 36% by EGD, 9% by capsule, and 9% on colonoscopy.Table 1: Bleeding SourceConclusion: GI bleeding in patients with LVADs will continue to be problematic and difficult to assess. Diagnosis often involves multiple procedures; often with significant cost due to the length of hospital stay, number of procedures, and nutritional compromise. The most common bleeding source is AVMs. AVMs were often identified by push enteroscopy (45%) after a negative EGD. Implementing same day EGD and push enteroscopy can provide cost effective approach to treatment of GI bleeds in LVAD patients.
A joint source coding and networking scheme for video streaming over wireless LANs (2003)

We present a joint source coding and networking technique for video delivery over wireless local area networks. The objective is to improve the end-to-end video quality with the constraint of network throughput. The proposed video transport scheme integrates several networking and coding components, including load-aware multipath routing, class based queuing (CBQ), and scalable (or layered) video source coding. An effective 3D-OCTREE video coder is used to generate the multilayer source data streams. The coded bitstreams can be segmented into multiple substreams, each with a different contribution towards the final video reconstruction. The underlay wireless ad hoc network is designed to support differentiated service (DiffServ). A multipath routing with load-aware route discovery is used to find multiple routes from the source to the destination with different quality of service (QoS) characteristics. The video substreams will be distributed among these paths according to their QoS priority. CBQ is applied to all intermediate nodes, which gives preference to important substreams. Through this approach, the scalable source coding techniques are incorporated with DiffServ networking techniques so that the overall system performance is effectively improved. Preliminary simulations have been conducted on the network simulator (ns-2), and significant improvements over traditional wireless LAN transport schemes have been observed.
Banknotes Serial Number Coding Recognition (2019)

Banknotes serial number coding is the main basis of bank's supervision, currency circulation and authenticity verification, the traditional manual identification method can hardly meet the current needs of currency circulation and security control. This paper solves the problem of banknotes serial number coding recognition based on deep learning algorithm. Our algorithm is composed of text localization and text recognition. The aim of the text localization phase is to get the region of the serial number coding. Based on YOLOv3 model, this paper replaces original convolution module with depthwise separable convolution. The idea of Inception is adopted in subsample stage. K-means algorithm is used to re-cluster width and height of serial number coding region to adjust anchor value, thus, improving the localization accuracy. The aim of the text recognition phase is to get the serial number coding of the banknotes, CNN+LSTM+CTC is taken as the model for text recognition. In this paper, the fourth edition of RMB data set is used for serial number coding recognition, 99.38% accuracy is obtained in experimental results.
Reliability of Radiologic Assessment of Fusion: Cervical Fibular Allograft Model (2004)

Plain radiographs are generally quite unreliable in predicting fusion based on presence or absence of trabeculation.
Cerebral metabolic effects of CI‐943 (8‐Ethyl‐7,8‐dihydro‐1,3,5‐trimethyl‐1Himidazo[1,2,‐c]pyrazolo[3,4‐e]‐pyrimidine), a potential antipsychotic drug (1991)

Abstract CI‐943 is a novel drug candidate that has antipsychotic‐like activity in a variety of behavioral tests in rodents and primates, but has no affinity for brain dopamine (DA) receptors. In order to obtain information on the neuroanatomical substrates for its behavioral actions, we used the autoradiographic 2‐deoxy‐D‐[1‐ 14 C]‐glucose method to map and quantify the distribution of CI‐943 effects on the regional cerebral metabolic rate(s) for glucose (rCMRglc) in the rat. The effects of CI‐943 (40 mg/kg) were assessed at 10 and at 60 min after the drug was administered intraperitoneally. In the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata, rCMRglc were increased at 60 min following treatment, and in the lateral habenula, rCMRglc was increased at 10 and 60 min after treatment. In contrast, the predominant effect of CI‐943 in other areas (e.g., most cortical, several thalamic, basal ganglia, limbic, and midbrain areas) was to reduce rCMRglc. The metabolic pattern produced by CI‐943 was unique and consistent with previous findings that CI‐943 resembles other antipsychotic drugs in behavioral tests but differs from those agents in tests prodictive of extrapyramidal dysfunction.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE PREPARATION OF 2‐ARYLPROPIONALDEHYDE FROM 1‐ARYL‐1‐PROPENE (1984)

Abstract Durch oxidative Umlagerung mit Iod.und Silberoxid werden die Arylpropene (Ia) in die Aldehyde (IIa) übergeführt.
Effect of Olive Powder on the Growth and Inhibition of Bacillus cereus (2008)

A study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial effect of olive powder on Bacillus cereus. Microorganism spores were inoculated in nutrient broth containing different olive powder concentrations and incubated at 32 degrees , 20 degrees , and 7 degrees C. Results indicated that this food ingredient had a bacteriostatic effect. It was observed that B. cereus cells did not grow at 7 degrees C. In the cases where growth occurred, it was modelled and parameters were deduced. In general the higher the concentration of olive powder, the higher the lag phase at both 32 degrees and 20 degrees C. Regarding the maximum specific growth rate (mu(max)), an effect of the food ingredient concentration was observed only at 20 degrees C incubation temperature. This study shows the potential for using olive powder to control B. cereus and opens the door for its use in commodities other than bakery products, such as mixed vegetables or purées. Olive powder could be used as an additional control measure in the case of cold chain break due to its effects in the lag phase, as well as a contributor to the flavor and health properties of these foodstuffs.
A tight bound on the diameter of one dimensional PEC networks (2003)

The diameter of a packed exponential connections (PEC) network on N nodes is shown to be theta ( square root log N*2 square root /sup (2log/ /sup N)/, where log N denotes log to the base 2. The present results can be extended to the case of two-dimensional PEC networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Chromate lung cancer with special reference to its cell type and relation to the manufacturing process (1982)

The manufacturing process of the chromate industry can be classified into five steps. The main hazardous pollutants of the first step are trivalent chromate compounds, and those of the second and third steps are hexavalent chromate compounds. Analysis of the detailed working history of chromate workers with bronchogenic carcinoma, yielded the following results: the work history of chromatic lung cancer patients in the first step, which produced mainly trivalent chromate dust, was rather short. Patients with small cell carcinoma were engaged mainly in the second step (98.1% of the total working months), where they were heavily exposed to hexavalent chromate dusts. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma were engaged rather evenly in the second and fourth steps, and somewhat longer in the third step. Comparisons of the exposure periods revealed that the working history of small cell carcinoma patients was significantly shorter than that of squamous cell carcinoma patients. There were many more heavy smokers among the squamous cell carcinoma group as compared to the small cell carcinoma patients. Based on these results, it is concluded that the cell type of occupational lung cancer was mainly small cell carcinoma when the exposure to carcinogenic agents was heavy, and that the carcinogenicity of chromate was derived mainly from hexavalent chromate rather than trivalent compounds.
The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay Relationship with Alternate Tests of Semen Quality and Heterospermic Performance of Bulls (1988)

Data obtained by the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) on spermatozoa from nine bulls were correlated with fertility, measured by heterospermic performance (-0.94, P less than 0.01) and by alternate tests of sperm quality, including motility, acrosome integrity, Sephadex filtration and morphology of spermatozoa (all significant at P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.01). The SCSA uses flow cytometry to determine the susceptibility of nuclear DNA to low pH-induced denaturation in situ as measured by the ratio of acridine orange binding to double- or single-stranded DNA. The error associated with multiple SCSA measurements was relatively low. The primary finding is that the assay of chromatin structure stability performed on killed spermatozoa was as highly correlated with the heterospermic performance of semen as the best of the classical tests for semen quality. The SCSA may therefore be a highly useful technique for evaluation of sperm quality.
Indium‐Mediated Mild and Facile Method for the Synthesis of Amides. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.