gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COMBINING FACTS, SEMANTIC ROLES AND SENTIMENT LEXICON IN A GENERATIVE MODEL FOR OPINION MINING (2020)

Opinion mining is a popular task, that is applied, for example, to determine news polarisation and identify product review classes. Our task is unsupervised clusterization of opinionated texts, in particular news on political events. Many papers that tackle this issue use generative models based on lexical features. Our goal is to determine the entities defying an opinion amongst lexical, syntactic and semantic features as well as their compositions. More specifically, we test the hypothesis that an opinion is determined by the composition of the mentioned facts (SPO triples), the semantic roles of the words and the sentiment lexicon used in it. In this paper we formalise this task and prove that using a composition of the above features provides the best quality when clusterising opinionated texts. To test this hypothesis we have gathered and labelled two corpuses of news on political events and proposed a set of unsupervised algorithms for extracting the features.
Coherence and Fluctuations in Light Beams (1964)

A quasithermal, quasmonochromatic lamp is described which serves as a highly degenerate light source with adjustable coherence time between 10−5 sec and 1 sec. This lamp is used for several demonstration experiments concerning the relations between coherence and fluctuations: The intensity interferometer of Hanbury Brown and Twiss is applied to measure the correlations between intensity fluctuations. The double slit experiment of Young serves to stress the role of fluctuations for classical interferometry. Interference patterns from two independent quasithermal lamps are presented.
Asymptomatic Herpes Simplex Virus Shedding from the Genital Tract Whilst on Suppressive Doses of Oral Acyclovir (1990)

Forty-eight patients were recruited into a study of continuous oral acyclovir therapy for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Seven of these patients were shown to shed HSV in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms whilst on medication. The asymptomatic shedders did not differ significantly from the rest of the group in terms of age, interval from first attack to enrollment or number of recurrences prior to enrollment. Only one patient admitted to poor compliance as a trigger to asymptomatic HSV shedding. Failure to suppress asymptomatic shedding during prophylactic acyclovir therapy may have implications for sexual transmission to partners and vertical transmission to neonates and requires further study.
Patients with a History of Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels and Negative Transrectal US–guided Quadrant or Sextant Biopsy Results: Value of MR Imaging (2002)

In this patient population, MR imaging has higher sensitivity for detection of prostate cancer than DRE or transrectal US.
Learning Person Trajectory Representations for Team Activity Analysis (2017)

Activity analysis in which multiple people interact across a large space is challenging due to the interplay of individual actions and collective group dynamics. We propose an end-to-end approach for learning person trajectory representations for group activity analysis. The learned representations encode rich spatio-temporal dependencies and capture useful motion patterns for recognizing individual events, as well as characteristic group dynamics that can be used to identify groups from their trajectories alone. We develop our deep learning approach in the context of team sports, which provide well-defined sets of events (e.g. pass, shot) and groups of people (teams). Analysis of events and team formations using NHL hockey and NBA basketball datasets demonstrate the generality of our approach.
Smoking and Hormone-Related Disorders (1991)

RESULTS FROM THREE PROSPECTIVE STUDIES: Smoking and oestrogen-related sites - data from American cancer studies Smoking and hormone-related disorders in the Nurses' Health Study Effects of cigarette smoking on 'hormone-related' diseases in a Southern Californian retirement community SMOKING, THE MENOPAUSE, AND THE BENIGN REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS: Cigarette smoking and age at natural menopause Hyperemesis gravidarum, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis: effects of cigarette smoking on risk Cigarette smoking and benign breast cancer SMOKING AND OSTEOPOROSIS: Smoking and osteoporosis Cigarette smoking and skin atrophy in women - a possible connection? Smoking and prostatic hypertrophy Smoking and inflammatory bowel disease Smoking and PArkinson's disease SMOKING AND HORMONE-RELATED CANCERS: Cigarette smoking and the incidence of endometrial cancer Cigarette smoking and cancer of the breast Cigarette smoking and cancer of the large bowel MECHANISMS: HORMONAL DIFFERENCES IN SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS: Smoking and endogenous sex hormones in men and women Increased oxidative metabolism of oestrogens in male and female smokers The effect of smoking on hormone levels in vivo and steroid hormone biosynthesis in vitro. MECHANISMS: HORMONES OF POSSIBLE RELEVANCE TO SMOKING-RELATED DISEASES: Oestrogens and smoking-related disease: theoretical considerations Hormonal factors and cancers of the endometrium and breast MECHANISMS: THE ROLE OF NICOTINE AND OTHER AGENTS IN TOBACCO SMOKE: Influence of nicotine and other components of tobacco smoke on oestradiol metabolism Oestrogen 2-hydroxylation in rat and human liver SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS: Smoking and hormone-related disorders: a summary of the evidence with implications for public health policy and future research.
Wormhole growth in soluble porous materials (1990)

Analytical solutions are derived for the quasisteady shape and speed of a single wormhole resulting from the coupled processes of Darcian fluid motion and chemical dissolution in a soluble permeable material. For an initially unsaturated medium, two-dimensional solutions are obtained by addressing an inverted free-boundary problem in which the spatial coordinates are treated as dependent variables on the plane of a complex potential. For initially saturated materials, solutions are obtained by analogy to Ivantsov's problem of dendrite growth.
Photocatalytic Decomposition of Methylene Blue Over MIL-53(Fe) Prepared Using Microwave-Assisted Process Under Visible Light Irradiation (2014)

Iron-based MIL-53 crystals with uniform size were successfully synthesized using a microwave-assisted solvothermal method and characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and DRS. We also investigated the photocatalytic activity of MIL-53(Fe) for the decomposition of methylene blue using H2O2 as an electron acceptor. From XRD and SEM results, the fully crystallized MIL-53(Fe) materials were obtained regardless of preparation method. From DRS results, MIL-53(Fe) samples prepared using microwave-assisted process displayed the absorption spectrum up to the visible region and then they showed the high photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The MIL-53(Fe) catalyst prepared by two times microwave irradiation showed the highest activity.
In your face: facial metrics predict aggressive behaviour in the laboratory and in varsity and professional hockey players (2008)

Facial characteristics are an important basis for judgements about gender, emotion, personality, motivational states and behavioural dispositions. Based on a recent finding of a sexual dimorphism in facial metrics that is independent of body size, we conducted three studies to examine the extent to which individual differences in the facial width-to-height ratio were associated with trait dominance (using a questionnaire) and aggression during a behavioural task and in a naturalistic setting (varsity and professional ice hockey). In study 1, men had a larger facial width-to-height ratio, higher scores of trait dominance, and were more reactively aggressive compared with women. Individual differences in the facial width-to-height ratio predicted reactive aggression in men, but not in women (predicted 15% of variance). In studies 2 (male varsity hockey players) and 3 (male professional hockey players), individual differences in the facial width-to-height ratio were positively related to aggressive behaviour as measured by the number of penalty minutes per game obtained over a season (predicted 29 and 9% of the variance, respectively). Together, these findings suggest that the sexually dimorphic facial width-to-height ratio may be an 'honest signal' of propensity for aggressive behaviour.
Operation and Optimization of an Oscillatory Flow Continuous Reactor (2001)

Oscillatory flow reactors (OFRs) are a novel type of continuous reactor, in which tubes fitted with orifice plate baffles have an oscillatory motion superimposed upon the net flow of the process fluid. The combination of baffles and the oscillatory motion creates a flow pattern conducive to efficient heat and mass transfer while maintaining plug flow. Unlike conventional tubular reactors, where a minimum Reynolds number must be maintained, tube-side mixing is independent of the net flow, allowing long residence times to be achieved in a reactor of greatly reduced length-to-diameter ratio. We have evaluated a pilot-scale OFR as a method for continuous production of sterols in an ester saponification reaction. The OFR achieved the required product specification, in a residence time one-eighth that of a full-scale batch reactor. To better understand the effect of the process variables on the reactor performance, the OFR was modeled using a tanks-in-series residence time distribution, combined with the saponification reaction kinetics, giving a "flow-conversion" model which predicted conversion based on flow and feed parameters. This simple model has led to a number of insights into the optimal operation of the OFR, one of which was that the OFR could give desired conversion selectivity at a lower reaction temperature without significant alteration to other process variables. Also, the current product specification could be surpassed, if necessary. These predictions were verified by experiment. A full-scale OFR design based on these results would be less than one-hundredth the volume of a full-scale batch reactor, assuming the same production rate and product quality. The construction of such an industrial-scale OFR for the saponification reaction is now being considered by an industrial collaborator.
Quantifying growth mechanics of living, growing plant cells in situ using microrobotics (2011)

Plant cell growth is a fundamental process during plant development and the developmental biology society has studied cell growth from various aspects using physiological, biochemical, genetic, mathematical and modelling approaches. Recent advances in the field of biology demonstrate a need for investigation and quantification of the mechanics of growth at individual cellular levels. Here, we describe a microrobotic system capable of performing automated mechanical characterisation of living plant cells in situ as these cells proliferate and grow. The microrobotic measurement system employs a single-axis capacitive MEMS microforce sensor, a multi-axis positioning system with position feedback, a high-resolution optical microscope and a custom–user interface for the guiding of the automated measurement process. The system has been applied to measure mechanical properties of Lilium pollen tubes approximately 20 µm wide. The measurements were performed in growth medium, and the observed growth rate of the pollen tubes is about 20 µm per minute. For the mechanical characterisation of pollen tubes, nano-Newton level loads and nanometric indentations are applied. The force-deformation data obtained show a difference in stiffness from the tip to the apex demonstrating that the developed measurement system is a promising tool for better understanding the mechanics of plant cell growth.
P344Osteoclasts activation contributes to remodeling of the stem cell niche in diabetes (2014)

We have previously shown that mice and human patients with diabetes mellitus develop microangiopathy in bone marrow (BM) resulting in depletion of stem cells (SCs). Since the endosteal niche was the most pauperised, we decided to investigate if activation of osteoclasts (OCLs) may participate in this process through detachment of SC from the endosteal niche leading to inappropriate mobilization. The study was performed in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice at 5, 11 and 20 weeks from induction of diabetes and in age-matched non-diabetic controls (C). Histochemical analysis of femoral bones at late stages of DM (20 weeks) showed a profound BM remodeling characterized by reduction of the hematopoietic component, fat accumulation and bone rarefaction. The activation of osteoclastogenesis was already seen at 5 weeks as assessed by counting the number of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive OCLs in the trabecular bone (2.9+0.3 vs. 1.6+0.7 cells/mm of endosteal length in C, p,0.01). Osteoclast activation was associated with a marked increase in peripheral blood lineage-Sca1+ cKit+ (LSK) cells (0.7+0.4 vs. 0.2+0.1% of total MNCs in C, p,0.05). Unexpectedly, mRNA and protein expression of Receptor Activator of NF-kB Ligand (RANKL), an inducer of OCL differentiation and activation, was reduced in total BM at 20 and 11 weeks (mRNA: 0.3+0.01 vs. 1.2+0.3 ddCT in C; Protein: 11.8+2 vs. 28.7+5 pg/ml, p,0.05 for both comparisons) thus implying that OCL activation occurs through a non-canonical mechanism. Interestingly, we found T1D induces acidosis in BM (pH: 6.9+0.02 vs. 7.0+0.03 in C, p,0.05). Moreover, similar pH changes in culturing media increased the number of BM-derived OCL-like cells in vitro (2.0+0.3 fold increase relative to C, p,0.05) suggesting a crucial role of acidosis in OCLs activation. In summary, parallel increases in circulating SCs and endosteal OCLs occur at initial phase of T1D, before any apparent alteration of hematopoiesis. OCL activation may lead to detachment of SCs from the endosteal niche and excessive mobilization, thus resulting in BM exhaustion at later stages. OCL-induced remodeling of the endosteal niche, which contains the most primitive SCs in BM, may contribute to the impairment of regenerative capacity in T1D.
Microbially derived polyunsaturated fatty acid as a modulator of gastrointestinal motility (2022)

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility requires coordination among several cell types in the intestinal epithelium and the neuromuscular apparatus. A disruption in GI motility was primarily attributed to disruption of this coordinated effort among different host cells, but recent studies have begun to uncover how the products of gut microbiota can alter GI motility by modulating the function of different host cells and the interactions among them. In this issue of the JCI, Chen, Qiu, et al. used a reverse translation approach, isolating a Shigella sp. - peristaltic contraction-inhibiting bacterium (PIB) - from a cohort of patients with intractable constipation. They identified an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), produced by this Shigella variant, as an important driver of constipation using a series of microbiologic, biochemical, and genetic manipulations combined with in vitro and in vivo studies. This finding advances the field, given that production of DPA is rare in the human gut and appears to have a distinct effect on GI physiology.
Exploiting Cross-reactivity to Neutralize Two Different Scorpion Venoms with One Single Chain Antibody Fragment (2010)

We report the optimization of a family of human single chain antibody fragments (scFv) for neutralizing two scorpion venoms. The parental scFv 3F recognizes the main toxins of Centruroides noxius Hoffmann (Cn2) and Centruroides suffusus suffusus (Css2), albeit with low affinity. This scFv was subjected to independent processes of directed evolution to improve its recognition toward Cn2 (Riaño-Umbarila, L., Juárez-González, V. R., Olamendi-Portugal, T., Ortíz-León, M., Possani, L. D., and Becerril, B. (2005) FEBS J. 272, 2591-2601) and Css2 (this work). Each evolved variant showed strong cross-reactivity against several toxins, and was capable of neutralizing Cn2 and Css2. Furthermore, each variant neutralized the whole venoms of the above species. As far as we know, this is the first report of antibodies with such characteristics. Maturation processes revealed key residue changes to attain expression, stability, and affinity improvements as compared with the parental scFv. Combination of these changes resulted in the scFv LR, which is capable of rescuing mice from severe envenomation by 3 LD(50) of freshly prepared whole venom of C. noxius (7.5 μg/20 g of mouse) and C. suffusus (26.25 μg/20 g of mouse), with surviving rates between 90 and 100%. Our research is leading to the formulation of an antivenom consisting of a discrete number of human scFvs endowed with strong cross-reactivity and low immunogenicity.
Preliminary studies on the isolation and characterization of predominant prostatic proteins (1996)

hCRP and ubiquitin are reported as being found in high levels in prostatic tissue for the first time.
Efficient algorithms for computing a class of subsethood and similarity measures for interval type-2 fuzzy sets (2010)

Subsethood and similarity measures are important concepts in fuzzy set (FS) theory. There are many different definitions of them, for both type-1 (T1) FSs and interval type-2 (IT2) FSs. In this paper, Rickard et al.'s definition of IT2 FS subsethood measure, extended from Kosko's T1 FS subsethood measure using the Representation Theorem, and Nguyen and Kreinovich's IT2 FS similarity measure, extended from the Jaccard similarity measure for T1 FSs, are introduced. Efficient algorithms for computing them are also proposed. Simulations demonstrate that our proposed algorithms outperform existing algorithms in the literature.
Antineoplastic Agents. 575. The Fungus Aspergillus phoenicis (2009)

Cancer cell line bioassay-guided separation of an extract from the fungus Aspergillus phoenicis collected in Saskatchewan, Canada, resulted in the isolation of three new constituents designated asperlactone (1), aspergillol A (2), and aspergillol B (3), accompanied by four previously known constituents: asperic acid (4), hexylitaconic acid (5), methyl 2-hydroxyphenylacetate (6), and methyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (7). The structure of each was determined by analyses of high-resolution mass spectra and high-field NMR data. Asperic acid (4) was found to inhibit growth of the murine lymphocytic leukemia P388 (ED 50 0.18 μg/mL) and a panel of human cancer cell lines (GI 50 1.7-2.0 μg/mL; pancreas, breast, CNS, lung, colon, and prostate), while aspergillol A (2) showed moderate inhibition against the breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (GI 50 7.2 μg/mL).
Maximum Power Point Tracking Strategy for Large-Scale Wind Generation Systems Considering Wind Turbine Dynamics (2015)

Under the global trend of renewable energy development, various advanced techniques such as forecasting algorithm, intelligent computation, and optimal control are expected to make the complex and uncertain renewable energy system stable and profitable in the near future. This paper presents a new control strategy for large-scale wind energy conversion systems to achieve a balance between power output maximization and operating cost minimization. First, an intelligent maximum power point tracking (IMPPT) algorithm is proposed such that short-term wind speed prediction, wind turbine dynamics, and MPPT are collectively considered to improve system efficiency. Second, in view of a spatial and temporal distribution of wind speed disturbances, a box uncertainty set is embedded in the forecast wind speed, which is likely more realistic for practicing engineers. Then, the IMPPT and box uncertainties are applied to the wind energy conversion system (WECS) control strategy, which is formulated as a min-max optimization problem and efficiently solved with semi-definite programming (SDP). Finally, a comparison with the conventional MPPT control method demonstrates that the proposed approach can obtain higher efficiency, which validates this paper.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE pH OF HOME‐CANNED PEPPERS (1980)

ABSTRACT The influence of recipe and raw material on the pH of home‐canned peppers was investigated. Acidification levels specified in typical recipes were compared with those found in similar commercial products having acceptable pH values. Green and red peppers representing 12 varieties were analyzed for pH, acidity, and response to acidulation in the raw state and after canning with and without added vinegar. Hungarian Wax and Sweet Cherry peppers were more highly buffered than the other cultivars analyzed, requiring the addition of 1 tbsp vinegar (5% acidity) per pint jar of canned product to reduce the pH to or below 4.6. No less than that quantity of vinegar should be added.
Optimization of media composition for keratinase production on feather byAcremonium strictum RKS1 (2012)

Five-level-five factors concept was utilized for the optimization for keratinase production by Acremonium strictum RKS1. Experiments were performed as a function Duration, pH, Amount of substrate, Nitrogen source and Carbon source. Optimization of these five parameters for the maximum production of keratinase was studied. Statistically designed experiment using response surface methodology was used to get more information about the significant effect and the interaction between the five parameters. 2n full factorial central composite design was employed for the experimental design and analysis of result. The optimum process condition for maximum enzyme production as follows: Duration 12.8 day, 10 pH, Amount of substrate 199mg, Nitrogen source 3.5% and Carbon source 3%. The maximum keratin production was achieved (92.7%) at the optimum process conditions.
Prosthetic helping hand (1992)

A prosthetic device for below-the-elbow amputees, having a C-shaped clamping mechanism for grasping cylindrical objects, is described. The clamping mechanism is pivotally mounted to a cuff that fits on the amputee's lower arm. The present invention is utilized by placing an arm that has been amputated below the elbow into the cuff. The clamping mechanism then serves as a hand whenever it becomes necessary for the amputee to grasp a cylindrical object such as a handle, a bar, a rod, etc. To grasp the cylindrical object, the object is jammed against the opening in the C-shaped spring, causing the spring to open, the object to pass to the center of the spring, and the spring to snap shut behind the object. Various sizes of clamping mechanisms can be provided and easily interchanged to accommodate a variety of diameters. With the extension that pivots and rotates, the clamping mechanism can be used in a variety of orientations. Thus, this invention provides the amputee with a clamping mechanism that can be used to perform a number of tasks.