gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Les fractures articulaires de la base du premier métacarpien : Etude comparative de l'ostéosynthèse directe et de l'embrochage extra-focal (1996)

Resume Les auteurs ont revu retrospectivement 35 fractures articulaires de la base du premier metacarpien au recul moyen de 3 ans. Le traitement a ete un embrochage a foyer ferme dans 19 cas et une osteosynthese directe dans 16 cas. Les resultats ont ete apprecies sur la douleur, la mobilite en opposition et contre-opposition, la force et sur l'analyse radiographique. Il n'y avait pas de difference significative entre les deux populations en ce qui concerne l'âge, l'activite professionnelle, le sexe, le cote atteint et l'immobilisation post-operatoire. Une seule difference significative a ete observee entre les deux modes de traitement : l'opposition etait statistiquement meilleure apres synthese directe (p = 0,03). Les auteurs obtiennent une meilleure opposition et une plus grande force de la pince pouce-index dans les fractures de Bennett. L'aspect radiographique au recul (normal, marche d'escalier, arthrose) n'etait pas statistiquement different entre les deux modes de traitement.
Oral Immunotherapy of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study (1993)

We treated 166 patients suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections under double-blind conditions for 3 months with 1 capsule daily of either the immunostimulating bacterial extract (85) or a placebo (81), followed by a 3-month observation period without the test drugs. The bacterial extract exerted a significant beneficial curative action and long-term consolidative effect on the frequency of recurrent urinary tract infections with marked improvements in the characteristic signs and symptoms. It was significantly superior to placebo for the majority of the assessed parameters: number of recurrent urinary tract infections, bacteriuria, leukocyturia, erythrocyturia, nitrituria, albuminuria and casts in urine. Consumption of antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, urinary antiseptics or disinfectants was significantly less under active drug therapy compared to placebo. Tolerance was good with only 2 side effects reported in 2 patients (2%) in the active group compared to 11 among 5 (6%) in the placebo group. Therefore, the bacterial extract can be considered an efficient and well tolerated drug for the treatment of urinary tract infections, and their accompanying signs and symptoms, as well as for decreasing the risk of recurrences and the need for antibiotics and other antibacterial drugs.
Phase analysis error reduction in the Fourier transform method using a virtual interferogram (2019)

We propose a method for reducing artifactual phase errors inherent to the Fourier transform method (FTM) for fringe analysis. The phase obtained by the FTM is subject to ripple errors at the boundary edges of the fringe pattern where fringes become discontinuous. We note that these artifactual phase errors are found to have certain systematic relations to the form of the phase, amplitude, and background intensity distributions, which can be modeled by low-order polynomials, such as Zernike polynomials, in many cases of practical interest. Based on this observation, we estimate the systematic ripple errors by analyzing a virtual interferogram that is numerically created for a fringe model with known phase, amplitude, and background intensity distributions. Starting from a rough initial guess, the virtual interferogram is sequentially improved by an iterative algorithm, and the estimated errors are finally subtracted from the experimental data. We present the results of simulations and experiments that demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
More than just noise: Association of pulsatile tinnitus with anxiety, depression, and reduction of quality of life (2023)

BackgroundWhile many of the causes of pulsatile tinnitus (PT) are treatable with endovascular approaches, the risks of treatment must be balanced with the risks of the underlying cause and the psychological impact of symptoms on patients. While many physicians have anecdotal experience, the comorbid relationship of depression and anxiety with PT is unknown. The objectives of this study are to quantify the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and, to identify the demographic risk factors for impactful depression and anxiety in patients with PT.MethodsSubjects recruited from online PT groups filled out secure online questionnaires that included demographic questions, validated Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) as well as PHQ-9 and GAD-7 questionnaires to assess the prevalence of concurrent depression and anxiety, respectively.ResultsSample included 515 surveys (84% female, 65% unemployed, mean(sd) age = 46.4 years (14.2)). Median symptom duration was 1.9 years. Data showed 46% and 37% of patients with moderate to severe depression and anxiety, respectively. Higher TFI scores were associated with moderate to severe depression (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.06-1.09, p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06, p < 0.001), with TFI subscores also independently being associated in a univariate analysis.ConclusionsThe prevalence of moderate to severe depression and anxiety in the PT population, which was previously unknown, is estimated in our study to be 46% and 37%, respectively. Significant association of TFI score with increased depression and anxiety scales adds further evidence of the impact of PT on the psychological health of these patients.
Selektive Synthesen mit Organometallen II: Metallierung und Abwandlung funktionell substituierter Alkene (1974)

1,4‐Dienes, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers, allyl thioethers and propene‐thiolates are efficiently metalated by butyllithium in the presence of an activator such as potassium t ‐butoxide. Since the solvent, the counter‐ion or the temperature may be varied before subsequent treatment with an electrophilic reagent, the critical ratio of direct vs . vinylogous attack (substitution at the α‐ or γ‐position, respectively) can usually be adjusted within large limits. In many cases stereo‐selectivity is achieved as well.
Microfluidic Preparation of Polymer-Nucleic Acid Nanocomplexes Improves Nonviral Gene Transfer (2013)

As the designs of polymer systems used to deliver nucleic acids continue to evolve, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the basic bulk manufacturing techniques of the past will be insufficient to produce polymer-nucleic acid nanocomplexes that possess the uniformity, stability, and potency required for their successful clinical translation and widespread commercialization. Traditional bulk-prepared products are often physicochemically heterogeneous and may vary significantly from one batch to the next. Here we show that preparation of bioreducible nanocomplexes with an emulsion-based droplet microfluidic system produces significantly improved nanoparticles that are up to fifty percent smaller, more uniform, and are less prone to aggregation. The intracellular integrity of nanocomplexes prepared with this microfluidic method is significantly prolonged, as detected using a high-throughput flow cytometric quantum dot Förster resonance energy transfer nanosensor system. These physical attributes conspire to consistently enhance the delivery of both plasmid DNA and messenger RNA payloads in stem cells, primary cells, and human cell lines. Innovation in processing is necessary to move the field toward the broader clinical implementation of safe and effective nonviral nucleic acid therapeutics, and preparation with droplet microfluidics represents a step forward in addressing the critical barrier of robust and reproducible nanocomplex production.
The utilisation of Fmoc solid phase chemistry as a novel approach to the generation of duocarmycin analogues (2015)

The family is characterised by a common spirocyclopropylcyclohexadienone pharmacophore. This unusual structural motif is responsible for exceptionally efficient alkylation of adenine bases following activation through conformational changes induced by non-covalent recognition of DNA’s minor groove. &#13;\nThis thesis describes the conception and multi-gram synthesis of a duocarmycin SA alkylation subunit suitably substituted to serve as a building block for Fmoc based solid phase synthesis and initial investigations into its application. &#13;\nChapter two describes the pilot and subsequent large scale racemic synthesis of the desired duocarmycin building block, and its preparative chiral resolution by supercritical fluid chromatography. The synthesis includes a novel route to an early indole intermediate, and represents one of the shortest available strategies to access a previously reported di-Boc-protected duocarmycin structure. The large scale synthesis afforded over 8 g of the racemic Fmoc-protected building block, representing a 3 % overall yield over 13 steps. &#13;\nIn chapter three, application of the building block to the conjugation of amino acids through solid phase synthesis is explored. This work highlights the importance of careful resin selection and the need to optimise cleavage conditions. A small library of duocarmycin analogues was generated, and subsequent assays revealed the effects of C-terminal amino acid substituents on biological activity. This work has demonstrated the potential utility of this building block for the future development of novel peptide linked antibody drug conjugates of duocarmycin SA. &#13;\nFinally, chapter four explores incorporation of the building block into polypyrrole structures, highlighting the potential for the direct solid phase synthesis of sequence selective bifunctional hairpin polyamides which contain the alkylation subunit of duocarmycin SA.
Monitoring and Capacity Planning of Private Clouds: The Challenges and the Solution (2012)

Urban population is moving from independent houses to apartments in order to have more facilities at lesser cost. Similarly many enterprises are moving their workload/applications from individual dedicated servers to shared servers in cloud. Monitoring and managing cloud is very different from monitoring and managing individual servers. This paper will detail the challenges involved in monitoring private clouds and how IBM SmartCloud Monitoring can be used in this space by using its capabilities such as virtual server monitoring, capacity planning based on past usage data, policy based placement to support workload specific topology.
PROPOSTA PARA A DETERMINAÇÃO DE CAVERNAS DE DIMENSÕES NOTÁVEIS EM CAVERNAS FERRÍFERAS (2017)

Com o intuito de contribuir com a definição de uma metodologia adequada para a seleção de excepcionalidades dimensionais, no presente trabalho: 1) Comparou-se diferentes metodologias para estabelecer a categoria “dimensões notáveis” utilizando uma amostra de 1451 cavernas ferríferas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil; 2) Avaliou-se diferentes distribuições de probabilidade, de forma a determinar o melhor ajuste das medidas espeleométricas; e 3) Avaliou-se por meio de simulações a influência da assimetria na distribuição dos dados sobre as diferentes metodologias utilizadas para definir a categoria “dimensões notáveis”. Os resultados mostram que os diferentes métodos resultam em um número distinto de cavidades classificadas como de máxima relevância por dimensões notáveis. Conforme encontrado em trabalhos anteriores, as análises revelam que as variáveis espeleométricas utilizadas seguem uma distribuição log-normal. Finalmente, as simulações indicam que maioria dos métodos empregados são influenciados pelo grau de assimetria da distribuição dos dados. Com base nestes resultados, sugere-se o método de quartis como o mais indicado para estabelecer dimensões notáveis, já que ele foi o único que não foi influenciado pela assimetria na distribuição dos dados.
Ulysses: a robust, low-diameter, low-latency peer-to-peer network (2004)

A number of distributed hash table (DHT)-based protocols have been proposed to address the issue of scalability in peer-to-peer networks. In this paper, we present Ulysses, a peer-to-peer network based on the butterfly topology that achieves the theoretical lower bound of (log n)/(log log n)on network diameter when the average routing table size at nodes is no more than log n. Compared to existing DHT-based schemes with similar routing table size, Ulysses reduces the network diameter by a factor of log log n. which is 2-4 for typical configurations. This translates into the same amount of reduction on query latency and average traffic per link/node. In addition, Ulysses maintains the same level of robustness in terms of routing in the face of faults and recovering from graceful/ungraceful joins and departures, as provided by existing DHT-based schemes. The performance of the protocol has been evaluated using both analysis and simulation.
Segmentation of median nerve by greedy active contour detection framework on strain ultrasound images (2015)

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Effect of low-temperature annealing on electrical properties of n-HgCdTe (2004)

The effect of low-temperature isothermal annealing on electrical properties of CdxHg1−x Te (mercury cadmium telluride, MCT) films is investigated. Films of n-type conduction with x=0.21–0.23 were grown on GaAs substrates by MBE. Annealings of 1–1000 h duration were carried out at 90–230°C. The changes in conductivity, the Hall factor, and the lifetime of minority carriers after annealing are explained by the formation of mercury vacancies and egress of Hg atoms from the sample. The effect of various surface coatings on the rate of variation of MCT film electrical properties was investigated. An anodic oxide appeared to be the most efficient coating to stabilize the parameters of n-type films. The analysis of the magnetic-field dependences of the Hall factor and conductivity has shown that the observed modification of parameters upon annealing can be described in terms of a two-layer model with two types of electrons—high and low mobility.
Texture development of MgO buffer layers grown by inclined substrate deposition (2003)

Biaxially textured magnesium oxide (MgO) films used as template layers for YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (YBCO)-coated conductors have been grown efficiently and consistently by inclined substrate deposition (ISD). Further improvement in texture and a decrease in surface roughness were obtained by depositing a homoepitaxial MgO layer on the ISD MgO layer at an elevated temperature and flat angle. The texture of the ISD layer was studied as a function of thickness by X-ray diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Surface roughness of the ISD and homoepitaxial layers was investigated by atomic force microscopy. Based on the results, the optimal thickness of the ISD layer was determined.
Developing Through‐Space Charge Transfer Polymers as a General Approach to Realize Full‐Color and White Emission with Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (2019)

Through-space charge transfer polymers (TSCT polymers) that contain a non-conjugated polystyrene backbone and spatially separated donor and acceptor units for solution-processed OLEDs with full-color and white emission is reported. By tuning the charge transfer strength between donor and acceptors with different electron-accepting ability, emission color spanning from deep blue to red can be achieved. By incorporating two kinds of donor/acceptor pairs in one polymer to create duplex through-space charge-transfer channels, blue and yellow emission can be simultaneously obtained to realize white electroluminescence from a single polymer. The TSCT polymers exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence effect with delayed-component lifetimes in range of 0.36-1.98 μs, and unexpected aggregation-induced emission (emission intensity enhancement of up to 117 from solution to aggregation state).
Quantum Anti-Zeno Acceleration of a Chemical Reaction (2000)

Evidence of acceleration of a chemical reaction in a condensed phase due to the quantum anti-Zeno effect is presented by a quantum-mechanical calculation. The acceleration is caused by electronic decoherence. The mechanism clearly indicates the anti-Zeno effect and involves both delocalization of the electronic dynamics and a feedback loop by coupling to vibrations. Believed to be the first established example of the quantum anti-Zeno effect in chemistry, the observed phenomenon suggests the possibility of quantum control of chemical reactivity by choice of solvent.
Bioactive Flavaglines and Other Constituents Isolated from Aglaia perviridis (2013)

Eight new compounds, including two cyclopenta­[&lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;]­benzopyran derivatives (&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;), two cyclopenta­[&lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;]­benzofuran derivatives (&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt;), three cycloartane triterpenoids (&lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt;–&lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt;), and an apocarotenoid (&lt;b&gt;8&lt;/b&gt;), together with 16 known\ncompounds, were isolated from the chloroform-soluble partitions of\nseparate methanol extracts of a combination of the fruits, leaves,\nand twigs and of the roots of &lt;i&gt;Aglaia perviridis&lt;/i&gt; collected\nin Vietnam. Isolation work was monitored using human colon cancer\ncells (HT-29) and facilitated with an LC/MS dereplication procedure.\nThe structures of the new compounds (&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;–&lt;b&gt;8&lt;/b&gt;) were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation.\nThe Mosher ester method was employed to determine the absolute configurations\nof &lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt;–&lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt;, and the absolute configuration\nof the 9,10-diol unit of compound &lt;b&gt;8&lt;/b&gt; was established by\na dimolybdenum tetraacetate [Mo&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(AcO)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;] induced\ncircular dichroism procedure. Seven known rocaglate derivatives (&lt;b&gt;9&lt;/b&gt;–&lt;b&gt;15&lt;/b&gt;) exhibited significant cytotoxicity\nagainst the HT-29 cell line, with rocaglaol (&lt;b&gt;9&lt;/b&gt;) being\nthe most potent (ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 0.0007 μM). The new compounds &lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;–&lt;b&gt;4&lt;/b&gt; were also active against this cell\nline, with ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values ranging from 0.46 to 4.7 μM.\nThe cytotoxic compounds were evaluated against a normal colon cell\nline, CCD-112CoN. In addition, the new compound perviridicin B (&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;), three known rocaglate derivatives (&lt;b&gt;9&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;b&gt; 11&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;12&lt;/b&gt;), and a known sesquiterpene, 2-oxaisodauc-5-en-12-al\n(&lt;b&gt;17&lt;/b&gt;), showed significant NF-κB (p65) inhibitory\nactivity in an ELISA assay.
Simple diffusion: End-to-end diffusion for high resolution images (2023)

Currently, applying diffusion models in pixel space of high resolution images is difficult. Instead, existing approaches focus on diffusion in lower dimensional spaces (latent diffusion), or have multiple super-resolution levels of generation referred to as cascades. The downside is that these approaches add additional complexity to the diffusion framework. This paper aims to improve denoising diffusion for high resolution images while keeping the model as simple as possible. The paper is centered around the research question: How can one train a standard denoising diffusion models on high resolution images, and still obtain performance comparable to these alternate approaches? The four main findings are: 1) the noise schedule should be adjusted for high resolution images, 2) It is sufficient to scale only a particular part of the architecture, 3) dropout should be added at specific locations in the architecture, and 4) downsampling is an effective strategy to avoid high resolution feature maps. Combining these simple yet effective techniques, we achieve state-of-the-art on image generation among diffusion models without sampling modifiers on ImageNet.
Parallel Huffman decoding (2002)

A simple parallel algorithm for decoding a Huffman encoded file is presented, exploiting the tendency of Huffman codes to resynchronize quickly in most cases. An extention to JPEG decoding is mentioned.
Advances In Nutrition and Top Sport (1992)

Carbohydrate feedings - effects on metabolism, performance and recovery, E.F. Coyle does exercise alter dietary protein requirements?, P.W.R. Lemon new insights on the trace elements, chromium, copper and zinc and exercise, R.A. Anderson exercise and free radicals - effects of antioxidant vitamins, A. Bendich a biochemical mechanism to explain some characteristics of overtraining, E.A. Newsholme et al exercise, plasma composition and neurotransmission, R.J. Wurtman and M.C. Lewis L-carnitine supplementation and performance in man, A.J.M. Wagenmakers aspects of dehydration and rehydration during exercise, N.J. Rehrer high intensity exercise performance and acid-base balance - the influence of diet and induced metabolic alkalosis, R.J. Maughan and P.L. Greenhaff gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes - physiological and nutritional aspects, F. Brouns exercise, nutrition and weight control, W.H.M. Saris.
Precursor Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid and Ribosome Accumulation In Vivo During the Recovery of Salmonella typhimurium from Thermal Injury (1971)

When cells of S. typhimurium were heated at 48 C for 30 min in phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), they became sensitive to Levine Eosin Methylene Blue Agar containing 2% NaCl (EMB-NaCl). The inoculation of injured cells into fresh growth medium supported the return of their normal tolerance to EMB-NaCl within 6 hr. The fractionation of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) from unheated and heat-injured cells by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that after injury the 16S RNA species was totally degraded and the 23S RNA was partially degraded. Sucrose gradient analysis demonstrated that after injury the 30S ribosomal subunit was totally destroyed and the sedimentation coefficient of the 50S particle was decreased to 47S. During the recovery of cells from thermal injury, four species of rRNA accumulated which were demonstrated to have the following sedimentation coefficients: 16, 17, 23, and 24S. Under identical recovery conditions, 22, 26, and 28S precursors of the 30S ribosomal subunit and 31 and 48S precursors of the 50S ribosomal subunit accumulated along with both the 30 and 50S mature particles. The addition of chloramphenicol to the recovery medium inhibited both the maturation of 17S RNA and the production of mature 30S ribosomal subunits, but permitted the accumulation of a single 22S precursor particle. Chloramphenicol did not affect either the maturation of 24S RNA or the mechanism of formation of 50S ribosomal subunits during recovery. Very little old ribosomal protein was associated with the new rRNA synthesized during recovery. New ribosomal proteins were synthesized during recovery and they were found associated with the new rRNA in ribosomal particles. The rate-limiting step in the recovery of S. typhimurium from thermal injury was in the maturation of the newly synthesized rRNA.