gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STATUS OF COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES (2014)

In 2006, Congress passed the MINER Act requiring mine operators to submit an emergency response plan that included post-accident communications and tracking systems to MSHA within three years of the Act. These systems were required to be designed for maximum survivability after a catastrophic event, such as a fire or explosion, and to be permissible (meets MSHA criteria for explosion-proof). At that time, no commercially available systems existed that met these standards. Several companies undertook developing new, or enhancing existing, technologies to meet these requirements. This research presents the results of a study that was conducted to determine the present day types of systems being used, along with their average annual worker hours, coal production, number of mechanized mining units, and type of communications and tracking systems installed. Furthermore, 10 mines were visited to obtain detailed information related to the various technologies. It was found the most influential parameters on system selection include MSHA district, mining method, and number of underground workers.
Carbon nanotube field effect transistors for logic applications (2002)

Presents new experimental data for single-wall carbon nanotube based field-effect transistors (CNFETs). New metal-nanotube contacts are shown to improve the performance of the CNFETs over previously reported values. Assuming conventional scaling, the improved device performance suggests that CNFETs may be competitive with Si-FETs and require no new circuit paradigm and architecture.
Long term toxicity and fatigue after treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): An analysis of twelve collaborative lymphoma study association (LYSA) trials, the Simonal Study. (2016)

7518 Background: NHL survivors are at high risk for second cancers (SC) and late toxicities such as cardiovascular (CV) or neuro-psychiatric (NP) disorders. Little is known about new agents such as rituximab (RITUX). The impact of treatment regimens on late morbidity was analyzed in a large cohort of survivors with long follow-up (FU). Methods: In 2015, a fatigue (MFI-20) and a self-assessment Life Situation Questionnaire (LSQ) were mailed to survivors treated in 12 successive LYSA randomized trials (1993-2007) for Diffuse Large B cell (DLBCL) and follicular (FL) lymphomas. Of 8113 pts enrolled into trials, 5247 were alive at last FU. Addresses were obtained for 3317 survivors of whom 1671 (50%) returned the questionnaires. Responders more often came from recent trials and were more often treated with RITUX than non-responders. NHL prognostic factors and chemotherapy were similar in both groups. Linear regression models were used to assess factors linked to increased fatigue level. Results: There were 906 males and 765 females (median age 64 yrs; 24 to 95). 28% had FL and 72% DLBCL. 811 pts received CHOP-like chemotherapy, 518 high-dose CHOP and 342 up-front autograft consolidation (ASCT). RITUX was combined to chemotherapy in 829 pts (50%). Median FU was 11 yrs (5 to 23). 583 pts (35%) reported no morbidity. For the remaining, late events (1 to 7) were: CV in 20%, NP in 17%, infections in 12%, musculoskeletal (MSk) disorders in 11%, pulmonary (Pulm) diseases in 8%, digestive diseases in 5% and SC in 8%. RITUX was associated with less SC (6 vs 9%, p = 0.02) and less CV (17 vs 23%, p = 0.006). Up-front ASCT was associated with more infections (17 vs 11%, p = 0.002) and more Pulm (12 vs 7%, p = 0.005). Age above 75 (20%) was only associated with more CV and more SC. 1036 pts (64%) expressed persistent fatigue (MFI score ≥ 40). There were no significant impact of any treatments. Increased fatigue level was associated (p < 0.001) with age, obesity, CV, Pulm, MSk and NP. Conclusions: This first study reporting on long-term NHL survivors confirmes an altered health status. Initial combination of chemotherapy and RITUX does not increase late morbidity and fatigue. Clinical trial information: pooled trials already registred.
Dry Heat Thermal Inactivat- ion of Listeria innocua on Deli Slicer Components (2010)

a thermal kill step was evaluated as a method of obtaining an additional margin of safety for retail deli meat slicers following cleaning and sanitizing. Retail deli slicers were cut into coupons or marked off in grids, cleaned and sanitized. Listeria innocua, an established thermal-resistant
Regional variation in celiac disease risk within Sweden revealed by the nationwide prospective incidence register (2009)

The Swedish regional variation in CD risk supports multifactorial disease aetiology. Continued efforts are warranted to define factors, besides gluten exposure, that modulate CD risk.
Comparison Between Numerical and Experimental Results on Mechanical Stirrer and Bubbling in a Cylindrical Tank - 13047 (2013)

The process of vitrification in a cold crucible heated by direct induction is used in the fusion of oxides. Its feature is the production of high-purity materials. The high-level of purity of the molten is achieved because this melting technique excludes the contamination of the charge by the crucible. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the hydrodynamic of the vitrification process by direct induction, with the focus in the effects associated with the interaction between the mechanical stirrer and bubbling. Considering the complexity of the analyzed system and the goal of the present work, we simplified the system by not taking into account the thermal and electromagnetic phenomena. Based in the concept of hydraulic similitude, we performed an experimental study and a numerical modeling of the simplified model. The results of these two studies were compared and showed a good agreement. The results presented in this paper in conjunction with the previous work contribute to a better understanding of the hydrodynamics effects resulting from the interaction between the mechanical stirrer and air bubbling in the cold crucible heated by direct induction. Further works will take into account thermal and electromagnetic phenomena in the presence of mechanical stirrer and air bubbling.
Channel waveguide lasers and amplifiers in single-crystalline ytterbium-doped tungstates (2011)

In this work the technology of Gd3+ and Lu3+ co-doped KY(WO4)2:Yb3+ thin films grown onto pure KY(WO4)2 substrates by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) is explored. The co-doping enables lattice matching of the grown layer with the substrate and enhances the refractive index difference between the grown layer and the undoped KY(WO4)2 substrate. This technology enabled the demonstration of waveguide lasers with tight pump and laser mode confinement, resulting in excellent slope efficiencies in Yb3+-doped planar and microstructured channel waveguide lasers of 82.3% and 72%, respectively. Fabrication of double tungstate microstructured channel waveguides with further enhanced refractive index contrast of 1.5×10-2 by completely interchanging the Y3+ component of the KY(WO4)2 host material with Gd3+, Lu3+, and Yb3+ doping allows for the demonstration of a laser with an output power of 418 mW at 1023 nm and slope efficiency of 71% versus launched pump power. In addition, in two other resonator configurations these channels showed broad tunability of the laser wavelength from 980 to 1045 nm as well as a low quantum defect of 0.7% when pumping at 973 nm and lasing at 980 nm, thereby minimizing heat dissipation in the device. Laser operation at 980 nm is achieved in an open cavity configuration, which allows for optimal extraction of the laser power, resulting in a total extracted emission of 650 mW. Moreover, Laser emission has been demonstrated by an on-chip resonator structure fabricated using a deep Bragg-reflector milled by a focused ion beam (FIB) through the complete waveguide structure, similar to the approach demonstrated in a semiconductor gain material. Micro-chip optically active devices, currently developed in the well-established semiconductor gain material platform, can be possibly being fabricated in the discussed rare earth ion doped material platform. This is highlighted by the last outcome of this project; demonstrating similar modal gain compared to state of the art semiconductor waveguide amplifiers of nearly 1000 dB/cm. To obtain this remarkable result the developed technology is used for the fabrication of nearly 50% Yb3+-doped channel waveguide structures. This result is beyond the common expectation, as rare earth ions are regarded as impurities providing low gain.
Informable Multi-Objective and Multi-Directional RRT* System for Robot Path Planning (2023)

Multi-objective or multi-destination path planning is crucial for mobile robotics applications such as mobility as a service, robotics inspection, and electric vehicle charging for long trips. This work proposes an anytime iterative system to concurrently solve the multi-objective path planning problem and determine the visiting order of destinations. The system is comprised of an anytime informable multi-objective and multi-directional RRT <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">*</sup> algorithm to form a simple connected graph, and a solver that consists of an enhanced cheapest insertion algorithm and a genetic algorithm to solve approximately the relaxed traveling salesman problem in polynomial time. Moreover, a list of waypoints is often provided for robotics inspection and vehicle routing so that the robot can preferentially visit certain equipment or areas of interest. We show that the proposed system can inherently incorporate such knowledge to navigate challenging topology. The proposed anytime system is evaluated on large and complex graphs built for real-world driving applications. C++ implementations are available at: https://github.com/UMich-BipedLab/IMOMD-RRTStar.
NtSCP1 from Tobacco Is an Extracellular Serine Carboxypeptidase III That Has an Impact on Cell Elongation (2012)

The leaf extracellular space contains several peptidases, most of which are of unknown function. We isolated cDNAs for two extracellular serine carboxypeptidase III genes from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), NtSCP1 and NtSCP2, belonging to a phylogenetic clade not yet functionally characterized in plants. NtSCP1 and NtSCP2 are orthologs derived from the two ancestors of tobacco. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that NtSCP1 and NtSCP2 are expressed in root, stem, leaf, and flower tissues. Expression analysis of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene fused to the NtSCP1 transcription promoter region confirmed this expression profile. Western blotting of NtSCP1 and expression of an NtSCP1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein showed that the protein is located in the extracellular space of tobacco leaves and culture cells. Purified His-tagged NtSCP1 had carboxypeptidase activity in vitro. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing NtSCP1 showed a reduced flower length due to a decrease in cell size. Etiolated seedlings of these transgenic plants had shorter hypocotyls. These data provide support for a role of an extracellular type III carboxypeptidase in the control of cell elongation.
Chipscale GHz ultrasonic channels for fingerprint scanning (2015)

In this paper we present 1-3 GHz frequency ultrasonic interrogation of surface ultrasonic impedances. The chipscale and CMOS integration of GHz transducers can enable surface identification imaging for many applications. We use aluminum nitride piezoelectric thin films driven at maximum amplitudes of 4-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> to launch and measure pulse packets. In this paper we first use the contrast in ultrasonic impedance between air and skin to create an image of a fingerprint. As a second application we directly measure the reflection coefficient for different liquids to demonstrate the ability to measure the ultrasonic impedance and distinguish between three different liquids. Using a rubber phantom the image of a portion of a fingerprint is captured by measuring changes in signal levels at the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducers 2.7 GHz. Reflected amplitude waves from air and skin differ by factors of 1.8-2. The measurements for three different liquids; water, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone show that the three liquids have sufficiently different acoustic impedances to be able to identify them.
Conditioning of Cardiovascular Tissue Using a Noncontact Magnetic Stretch Bioreactor with Embedded Magnetic Nanoparticles (2016)

Bioreactor systems, an integral component of tissue engineering, are designed to simulate complex in vivo conditions to impart functionality to artificial tissue. All standard forms of stretch bioreactors require physical contact with artificial heart muscle (AHM). However, we believe that noncontact stretch bioreactors have the potential to lead to higher functional benefit of AHM. Our work is focused on the fabrication of a noncontact magnetic stretch bioreactor (MSB) that uses magnetic nanoparticles to simulate stretch conditions to impart functionality. During our development of this system, we applied magnetically induced stretch conditioning through application of an oscillating magnetic field to a ferromagnetic heart muscle model. Fibrin scaffolds were loaded with magnetic nanoparticles prior to tissue model formation. Oscillating magnetic fields were applied by a novel bioreactor system through displacement of a neodymium magnet. The addition of commercially obtained iron(III) oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in sufficient quantities to allow for physiologically relevant stretches (15% axial displacement) caused toxic effects after 4 days of culture. In contrast, loading scaffolds with monodispersed, high-saturation-magnetization magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles specifically prepared for these experiments increased the field strength of the magnetized fibrin 10-fold over polydispersed, low-saturation magnetization, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Additionally, loading with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> enabled magnetically actuated stretching with markedly reduced toxicity over 8 days of culture. Using a 20% stretch 0.5 Hz protocol, we observed a significant increase in twitch force over controls at days 4 and 6. This work provides a technology for controlled noncontact mechanical stretch to condition AHM.
The orthodontic-periodontal connection in implant site development. (1997)

Implant-supported restorations have become an established treatment modality, well accepted by patients and clinicians. Regaining function is now routinely expected, and the focus of patient demand has shifted to aesthetics. Aesthetic restoration of the partially edentulous anterior maxilla can be particularly challenging. The learning objective of this article is to present a comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment protocol, developed to establish a foundation for optimal aesthetics in implant therapy, with emphasis on the role of orthodontics in the enhancement of deficient components. Periodontal orthodontics is used to increase the vertical osseous dimension and preserve papillae; restorative orthodontics optimizes the site through manipulation of supragingival restorative space. Two clinical cases are utilized to illustrate the principles and implementation of this protocol.
Highly-selective μ-opioid receptor antagonism does not block L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a rodent model (2020)

Abstract Objectives Dopamine-replacement utilizing L-DOPA is still the mainstay treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but often leads to development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), which can be as debilitating as the motor deficits. There is currently no satisfactory pharmacological adjunct therapy. The endogenous opioid peptides enkephalin and dynorphin are important co-transmitters in the direct and indirect striatofugal pathways and have been implicated in genesis and expression of LID. Opioid receptor antagonists and agonists with different selectivity profiles have been investigated for anti-dyskinetic potential in preclinical models. In this study we investigated effects of the highly-selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist CTAP (&gt;1,200-fold selectivity for μ- over δ-opioid receptors) and a novel glycopeptide congener (gCTAP5) that was glycosylated to increase stability, in the standard rat LID model. Results Intraperitoneal administration (i.p.) as low as 0.5 mg/kg CTAP and 0.1 mg/kg gCTAP5 blocked morphine’s antinociceptive effect (10 mg/kg; i.p.) in the warm water tail-flick test, showing in vivo activity in rats after systemic injection. Neither treatment with CTAP (10 mg/kg; i.p.), nor gCTAP5 (5 mg/kg; i.p.) had any effect on L-DOPA-induced limb, axial, orolingual, or locomotor abnormal involuntary movements. The data indicate that highly-selective μ-opioid receptor antagonism alone might not be sufficient to be anti-dyskinetic.
Quasi-CW 110 kW AlGaAs Laser Diode Array Module for Inertial Fusion Energy Laser Driver (2001)

We have successfully demonstrated a large aperture 803 nm AlGaAs diode laser module as a pump source for a 1053 nm, 10 J output Nd:glass slab laser amplifier for diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) fusion driver. Detailed performance results of the laser diode module are presented, including bar package and stack configuration, and their thermal design and analysis. A sufficiently low thermal impedance of the stack was realized by combining backplane liquid cooling configuration with modular bar package architecture. Total peak power of 110 kW and electrical to optical conversion efficiency of 46% were obtained from the module consisting of a total of 1000 laser diode bars. A peak intensity of 2.6 kW/cm 2 was accomplished across an emitting area of 418 mm×10 mm. Currently, this laser diode array module with a large two-dimensional aperture is, to our knowledge, the only operational pump source for the high output energy DPSSL.
Increased Deltoid and Abdominal Muscle Activity During Swiss Ball Bench Press (2006)

The swiss is widely used in the recreational training environment as a supplement to conventional resistance training. One such application is to use the swiss ball as a bench support for bench press exercise. There is no evidence to indicate that the use of a swiss ball is beneficial for resistance training exercise. This study investigated muscle activity using surface electromyography of upper-body and abdominal muscles during the concentric and eccentric phases of the bench press on and off a swiss ball. Volunteers for this study were 14 resistance-trained subjects who performed isolated concentric and eccentric bench press repetitions using the 2 test surfaces with a 2-second cadence at a load equivalent to 60% maximum force output. The average root mean square of the muscle activity was calculated for each movement, and perceived exertion during the tasks was collected using a Borg Scale. The results of the study showed that deltoid and abdominal muscle activity was increased for repetitions performed using the swiss ball. Increased deltoid muscle activity supports previous findings for increased activity when greater instability is introduced to the bench press movement. Abdominal muscle activity increases were not hypothesized, but this finding provides scientific evidence for anecdotal reasoning behind swiss ball use as a potential core stability training device.
Hydroxyl-radical-induced reactions of poly (acrylic acid); a pulse radiolysis, EPR and product study. Part II. Oxygenated aqueous solutions (1996)

Hydroxyl radicals were generated radiolytically in N2O–O2(4:1)-saturated dilute aqueous solutions of poly(acrylic acid), PAA. They react with PAA by abstracting H atoms from PAA in both the α- and βpositions to the carboxy group. The resulting PAA radicals are converted by O2 into the corresponding peroxyl radicals (k= 3.1 × 108 dm33 mol–1 s–1 at pH 3.5 and k= 1 × 108 dm3 mol–1 s–1 at pH 10, as measured by pulse radiolysis). The lowering of the rate constant at high pH has been attributed to a diffusion barrier for O2 exerted by the ion cloud around the charged macroradical. Although the lifetimes of the PAA peroxyl radicals (measured by EPR spectroscopy) increase with increasing pH, they still decay much faster than the very long-lived PAA radicals formed in the absence of O2. Concomitant with an increase in the lifetime of the peroxyl radicals, O2 uptake (in units of mol per mol PAA radicals initially formed) increases from 1.7 at pH 2.5 to 17 at pH 10 as does decarboxylation (from 1.0 at pH 3.5 to 13 at pH 10), scission (from 0.05 at pH 2 to 2.4 at pH 9) and the formation of acetylacetone-like products (from 0.35 at pH 3.5 to 1.05 at pH 10). The high yield of O2 uptake at pH 10 is mainly the result of repetitive abstraction of α-hydrogens by PAA α-peroxyl radicals. The acetylacetone-like products are formed by intramolecular 1,5-H-transfer reactions followed by a decomposition of the ensuing hydroperoxides. The chain breaks are formed in the course of the bimolecular termination reactions as has been shown by pulse radiolysis with low-angle laser light-scattering detection.
Thermal morphing anisogrid smart space structures part 2: Ranking of geometric parameter importance, trust region optimization, and performance evaluation (2017)

As future space mission structures are required to achieve more with scarcer resources, new structural configurations and modeling capabilities will be needed to meet the next generation space structural challenges. A paradigm shift is required away from the current structures that are static, heavy, and stiff, to innovative lightweight structures that meet requirements by intelligently adapting to the environment. As the complexity of these intelligent structures increases, the computational cost of the modeling and optimization efforts become increasingly demanding. Novel methods that identify and reduce the number of parameters to only those most critical considerably reduce these complex problems, allowing highly iterative evaluations and in-depth optimization efforts to be computationally feasible. This parameter ranking methodology will be demonstrated on the optimization of the thermal morphing anisogrid boom. The proposed novel morphing structure provides high precision morphing through the use of thermal strain as the sole actuation mechanism. The morphing concept uses the helical members in the anisogrid structure to provide complex constrained actuations that can achieve the six degree of freedom morphing capability. This structure provides a unique potential to develop an integrated structural morphing system, where the adaptive morphing capability is integrated directly into the primary structure. To identify parameters of interest, the Q-DEIM model reduction algorithm is implemented to rank the model parameters based on their impact on the morphing performance. This parameter ranking method provides insight into the system and enables the optimal allocation of computational and engineering resources to the most critical areas of the system for optimization. The methodology, in conjunction with a singular value decomposition (SVD), provides a ranking and identifies parameters of relative importance. The SVD is used to truncate the nine parameters problem at two locations, generating a five parameter optimization problem and a three parameter optimization problem. To evaluate the ranking, a parameter sweep in conjunction with a simple minimum cost function search algorithm will compare all 120 five parameter ranking orders to the Q-DEIM ranking. This reduced parameter set significantly reduces the parameter complexity and the computational cost of the model optimization. This paper will present the methodology to define the resulting performance of the optimal thermal morphing anisogrid structure, minimum morphing control, and the systems frequency response capability as a function of available power.