gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser-Induced Selective Electroless Plating on PC/ABS Polymer: Minimisation of Thermal Effects for Supreme Processing Speed (2020)

The selective surface activation induced by laser (SSAIL) for electroless copper deposition on Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) blend is one of the promising techniques of electric circuit formation on free-shape dielectric surfaces, which broadens capabilities of 3D microscopic integrated devices (3D-MIDs). The process consists of laser excitation, chemical activation of laser-excited areas by dipping in a liquid and electroless copper deposition of the laser-treated areas. The limiting factor in increasing throughput of the technology is a laser activation step. Laser writing is performed by modern galvanometric scanners which reach the scanning speed of several meters per second. However, adverse thermal effects on PC/ABS polymer surface abridge the high-speed laser writing. In this work, an investigation was conducted on how these thermal effects limit surface activation for selective metal deposition from the view of physics and chemistry. An advanced laser beam scanning technique of interlacing with precise accuracy and the pulse-on-demand technique was applied to overcome mentioned problems for fast laser writing. Initially, the modelling of transient heat conduction was performed. The results revealed a significant reduction in heat accumulation. Applied methods of laser writing allowed the overall processing rate to increase by up to 2.4 times. Surface morphology was investigated by a scanning electron microscope. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to investigate the modification of atomic concentration on the surface after laser treatment. Experiments did not show a correlation between surface morphology and electroless plating on laser-treated areas. However, significant variation in the composition of the material was revealed depending on the surface activity for electroless plating.
Argumentation and Dialogue (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: 17.1 Dialogue games and actual debate, 17.2 Learning by playing, 17.3 Constructive versus classical logic, 17.4 The logic of the games, 17.5 Extensions and variations, 17.6 Conclusion, 17.7 Literature, 17.8 Appendix on argumentation
Experimental study of plasma evolution in a single post-hole convolute on a 1 MA linear transformer driver (2009)

Summary form only given. Post-hole convolutes are commonly used in large scale pulsed power devices to combine the current from several sources. The primary examples of convolute use are Load Current Multipliers (LCMs) and current combination from multiple Self-Magnetically Insulated Transmission Lines (MITLs). Sandia National Laboratory's Z-Machine utilizes a double post-hole convolute to combine the current from four MITLs to one load. Current losses in the convolute region on large scale pulsed power devices range from 5-20%. The Michigan Accelerator for Inductive Z-pinch Experiments (MAIZE) is a Mega-Ampere class fast Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) with a modular load design. A single post-hole convolute load has been designed for MAIZE. Diagnostic access for the post-hole convolute load includes: spatially- and temporally-resolved, fiber optically-coupled visible and UV spectroscopy and an array of calibrated b-dot monitors. The goal of these experiments is to examine plasma gap closure in the post-hole region. By using different materials for the anode and cathode, the source of the plasma (and thus the source of gap closure) can be determined by the ion composition of the plasma. Additionally, spectroscopic measurements of the plasma temperature and density are on interest to the simulation community. Material presented will include Particle-In-Cell simulations using MAGIC PIC 3D, experimental design, and preliminary results.
ENDOGENOUS MODULATORS OF CYTOKINE RESPONSE UNDER PARTIAL CONTROL OF TNF IN BABOON SEPTICEMIA. (1995)

Redl, H.; Schlag, G.; Paul, E.; Bahrami, S.; Buurman, W. A.; Strieter, R. M.; Kunkel, S. L.; Davies, J.; Foulkes, R. Author Information
Perfusion of the kidney using extraslice spin tagging (eST) magnetic resonance imaging (1999)

This study was undertaken to determine whether extraslice spin tagging (EST) perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is suitable for screening persons for renal perfusion deficits. Six normal and seven patient volunteers with suspected decreased renal perfusion due to renal vascular disease were imaged. X-ray angiograms were also obtained on all patients. The normalized EST signal intensity showed a linear correlation with respect to the percent stenosis measured from the X-ray angiograms. This demonstrates the potential utility of using EST for the evaluation of kidney perfusion, which was done without the need for exogenous MR contrast agents. EST is fast and less expensive than contrast-based methods. These features make EST a candidate for routine screening of patients for renal vascular disease and for the assessment of angiographically equivocal renal artery stenoses. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:886-891.
Design and Implementation Based On Amba4.0 Of Apb Bridge (2012)

ARM introduced the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) 4.0 specifications which includes Advanced eXtensiable Interface (AXI) 4.0. AMBA bus protocol has become the de facto standard SoC bus. That means more and more existing IPs must be able to communicate with AMBA4.0 bus. Based on AMBA 4.0 bus, we designed an Intellectual Property (IP) core of Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) Bridge, which translates the AXI4.0-lite transactions into APB 4.0 transactions. The bridge provides an interfaces between the high-performance AXI bus and low-power APB domain.
New system for complexation of uranyl ions from liquid wastes of low-level activity: Polypyrrole doped with complexing polyanions (2000)

Polymer composites consisting of polypyrrole doped by uranyl complexing polyanions [i.e., poly(2-acrylamidoglycolic acid) and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid)] were electrochemically synthesized. Bulk material and thin layers strongly adhering to inert supporting electrodes were prepared. These composites were used to precipitate uranyl ions from simulated radioactive wastes. Among different experimental techniques used for the analysis of uranium immobilized in the composites, the Rutherford backscattering of α particles proved efficient in thin layers. Leaching tests confirmed the persistence of the uranium complexation in the solid composites. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1230–1239, 2000
Perceptual-based CNN model for watercolor mixing prediction (2018)

In the poster, we propose a model to predict the mixture of water-color pigments using convolutional neural networks (CNN). With a watercolor dataset, we train our model to minimize the loss function of sRGB differences. In metric of color difference ΔELab, our model achieves 88.7 % of data that ΔELab < 5 on the test set, which means the difference can not easily be detected by human eye. In addition, an interesting phenomenon is found; Even if the reflectance curve of the predicted color is not as smooth as the ground truth curve, the RGB color is still close to the ground truth.
Wozu Betriebssysteme? (1995)

Sehen Sie sich einmal in Ihrer Umwelt um: Im Büro, am Fahrkartenschalter, in Mikrowellenherden und Waschmaschinen, im CD-Player, im Auto, einfach überall finden Sie Computer, die das Leben leichter machen (sollen). Kaum eine Firma, die keinen PC im Büro einsetzt, kaum eine Tankstelle oder ein Supermarkt, der keinen Kassencomputer am Ausgang stehen hat. Damit diese vielen Helferlein ihre Arbeit verrichten können, benötigen sie neben einer passenden Elektronik oder, auf neudeutsch, Hardware, auch leistungsfähige Software, die das Gerät nach einem festgelegten Programm steuern kann. Meist hat aber die Anwendungssoftware (zum Beispiel eine Datenbank) aus Sicht der Programmfunktionalität wenig mit der Hardware wie einem Festplattencontroller zu tun. Die Schwierigkeiten, die hier bei der Entwicklung auftreten, sind ganz anderer Natur, als die, denen sich ein Programmierer bei der Datenbankerstellung widmen muß. Zudem muß die Anwendung auf unterschiedlichste Rechner abgestimmt werden, da es viele unterschiedliche Geräte geben kann — was mit einer Datenbank überhaupt nichts mehr zu tun hat.
Gate Review as a Project Management Tool for Optimal Outcome A Hypothetical Case Study (2012)

The objective of this white paper is to explain the best way of using gate review as an effective tool for the optimal management of projects. Presented here are lessons learned during the past many years of managing/ coordinating million and billion dollar projects across North America. In all significant projects, a gate review is generally conducted using customized check lists to generate a qualitative or semi-quantitative information on the many levels of risks associated with each of the potential hazards and operability problems that could adversely impact the allocated budget, raise liability concerns, and delay in completing the project. The check lists serve as an event sieve incorporating all probable situations that may occur during the life of the project, and thereby making the gate review process meaningful and targeted in developing a risk matrix that quantify the likelihood and severity of a bad event happening. Thus having a reliable risk matrix brings substantial savings in completing the project on time, in safeguarding HS&E in the workplace & surrounding communities, and would bring down future operating costs in many ways from insurance premiums to O&M costs. Thus this white paper summarizes some of the best means to conduct an enhanced gate review prior to field implementing a project for achieving maximum benefits.
Has the Sun Set on Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells? (2015)

A reminder, a review and a look toward the future prospects for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells — a reminder of the highly viable, energy-efficient solar cells achievable; a review of ground-breaking devices and their similarities to the near unity photon-to-electron mechanisms of photosynthesis; a look toward architectures that capitalize on the advances observed in previous work.
Predictive models for music (2009)

Modelling long-term dependencies in time series has proved very difficult to achieve with traditional machine-learning methods. This problem occurs when considering music data. In this paper, we introduce predictive models for melodies. We decompose melodic modelling into two subtasks. We first propose a rhythm model based on the distributions of distances between subsequences. Then, we define a generative model for melodies given chords and rhythms based on modelling sequences of Narmour features. The rhythm model consistently outperforms a standard hidden markov model (HMM) in terms of conditional prediction accuracy on two different music databases. Using a similar evaluation procedure, the proposed melodic model consistently outperforms an input/output HMM. Furthermore, these models are able to generate realistic melodies given appropriate musical contexts.
Pipeline embolization of distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms (2021)

Pipeline embolization of distal PICA aneurysms can be performed in select patients. Further study is necessary in larger cohorts to better define clinical scenarios in which flow diversion in the distal PICA should be considered.
IN SITU DETECTION OF SURFACE-MOUNTED PZT TRANSDUCER DEFECTS USING LINEAR RECIPROCITY (2010)

Guided waves generated by Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) transducers are often used to detect structural damage for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. It is generally assumed that the surface‐mounted PZT transducers are both undamaged and properly bonded to the host structure during usage. However, this assumption may not be valid, particularly under realistic operating conditions. In this study, a methodology for PZT transducer diagnosis is developed to identify abnormal transducers using linear reciprocity of guided wave propagation between pairs of surface‐mounted transducers on metallic structures. The advantage of the proposed technique is that transducer bonding problems and PZT defects can be detected even when the system being monitored is subjected to varying operational, environmental or structural conditions. In addition, the complexity of the boundary conditions and the geometry of the structure do not affect performance. The effectiveness of this diagnostic technique is evaluated via numerical simulations and experiments with PZT transducers instrumented on an aluminum plate.
Acquisition of clean ultrahigh vacuum using chemical treatment (1998)

The purpose of this study is to attain a state of ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) under a mild baking condition using chemical treatment. The vacuum test involved the study of an aluminum alloy chamber 8.5 m long, 2 m2 in surface area and 27 l in volume with an elliptical aperture for the Recycler Ring at Fermilab. After the chamber was exposed to enough air of 95% relative humidity and evacuated to 10−5 Torr, dichloropropane (DCP) gas of 1 Torr was injected into the mildly heated chamber (at 80 °C) and evacuated. This process was repeated between three and four times, depending on the type of test performed. After the first chemical treatment (test-1 DCP), the ultimate pressures were 7×10−10 Torr at the left end and 9×10−10 Torr at the right end, an only slight difference. When test-1 DCP reached the ultimate lowest pressure, the chemical retreatment (test-2 DCP) was applied under the mild baking condition on the entire inner surface of all components: chamber, Bayard-Alpert gauges, a quadrupole mass spectrometer, an ion pump, and a turbomolecular pump. Test-2 DCP showed that the ultimate pressure at the left end near the main pump was less than 1×10−11, which was under the detectable limit of the gauge. On the other hand, in the case of a reference test (test-1 ref) conducted under the same condition as test-1 DCP but without the chemical treatment, the ultimate pressures were twice as high at the left end and 80 times higher at the right end than the pressures of test-1 DCP. Therefore, it was assumed that the lower outgassing rate resulted from the chemical treatment. In addition, it was suggested that DCP has a potential to promote water evacuation by breaking a weak intermolecular hydrogen bond of adsorbed multilayer water which is preferentially dissociated rather than a strong intramolecular oxygen-hydrogen bond of water.
A study of the effect of sound velocity variability on received signal level (2005)

A detailed survey of the sound velocity profiles (SVP) in the Strait of Gibraltar was performed in 1996 over several tidal cycles. The Strait of Gibraltar is a particularly complicated environment where tides and internal waves create strong depth-, range-, and time-dependent SVP structure. In such an environment, to obtain a mean SVP, spatial and temporal averages, obscure the detail of the profile. Such averaging displays considerably more variability and randomness than a set of SVPs all taken at the same location and point in the tidal cycle. The maximum entropy (ME) method is used to estimate the probability density function (pdf) of the environmental uncertainty in two extremes: a known point in the tidal cycle with low variability, and an unknown point using the time-averaged SVPs. The uncertainty is then propagated 15 km across the strait using a parabolic equation code in order to predict the pdf’s of the received signal level. Thus, the essential environmental uncertainty is represented by the distribution of the received signal. The predictions are compared with available acoustic data. [Gibraltar data and model results generously provided by Chris Tiemann, ARL:UT, and Peter Worcester, SIO. Work supported by ONR Code 321US.
A pioneering countermeasure against measles virus. (2015)

Measles virus (MeV) is a morbillivirus from the paramyxoviridae family that causes a highly contagious respiratory disease that generally afflicts young children. MeV infection generally occurs in unvaccinated children and can lead to fever, nasal discharge, a cough, and a distinctive rash all over the body. In addition, approximately one in ten children also gets an ear infection, and 1 in 20 may develop pneumonia. Further, a person with measles is contagious 4 days before the symptoms are apparent, and MeV infection can be fatal or cause neurological complications.
Regulation of Plant Immunity through Modulation of Phytoalexin Synthesis (2014)

Soybean hairy roots transformed with the resveratrol synthase and resveratrol oxymethyl transferase genes driven by constitutive Arabidopsis actin and CsVMV promoters were characterized. Transformed hairy roots accumulated glycoside conjugates of the stilbenic compound resveratrol and the related compound pterostilbene, which are normally not synthesized by soybean plants. Expression of the non-native stilbenic phytoalexin synthesis in soybean hairy roots increased their resistance to the soybean pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. The expression of the AhRS3 gene resulted in 20% to 50% decreased root necrosis compared to that of untransformed hairy roots. The expression of two genes, the AhRS3 and ROMT, required for pterostilbene synthesis in soybean, resulted in significantly lower root necrosis (ranging from 0% to 7%) in transgenic roots than in untransformed hairy roots that had about 84% necrosis. Overexpression of the soybean prenyltransferase (dimethylallyltransferase) G4DT gene in soybean hairy roots increased accumulation of the native phytoalexin glyceollin resulting in decreased root necrosis.
A simple and efficient synchronous rectifier for forward DC-DC converters (2002)

A simple and efficient MOSFET synchronous rectification circuit suitable for forward DC-DC power converters is proposed. The main feature of this circuit is the addition of a capacitor in parallel with the drain source of the MOSFET used as a rectifying device. This capacitor extends the conduction period of the MOSFET used as a freewheeling device. As a result, a 92% efficiency at 5 V for 10 A output is achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
S1170203 Kinematic Analysis and synthesis of Flexible Mechanism Composed of Underactuated Mechanism Constrained with Elastic Element (2015)

This paper describes kinematic analysis and synthesis of spatial flexible mechanism composed of underactuated parallel link mechanism constrained with elastic elements. For an example, a 3RUS-UPS spatial parallel mechanism having three passive prismatic pairs elastically constrained with coil springs and three rotary actuators is analyzed and synthesized. Inverse kinetostatics analysis is carried out based on kinematics analysis of RUS and UPS link chain and inverse statics assuming virtual external force acting on an output link. The natural length of coil springs is then optimized so that the output link keeps its posture with small angular fluctuations on the specified translational trajectories.
ON THE ECONOMIC RATIONALITY OF MARKET PARTICIPANTS: THE CASE OF EXPECTATIONS IN THE U.S. PORK MARKET (1999)

This study investigates the nature of price expectations in a competitive market. The approach is illustrated in an application to the U.S. pork market, which exhibits cyclical patterns and biological production lags. Pork price equations are estimated under different expectation regimes. The empirical results suggest the presence of heterogeneous price expectations among market participants. A large proportion of the market (73%) is found to be associated with backward-looking expectations, where future prices are anticipated on the basis of their observed historical patterns.
Characteristics of Sepiolite for the Separation of Carbon Dioxide from N2-CO2 Mixture. (1995)

産地や物性の異なる3種のセピオライトを用い,ガスクロマトグラフィーによる窒素/二酸化炭素の分離実験からセピオライトの二酸化炭素分離特性を検討した・試料の前処理加熱温度を573～873K,の間で変えて分離実験を行ったところ,二酸化炭素吸着熱は873K加熱物で約53kJ/molの値が得られ,試料間に大きな差は認められなかった.また,各試料とも加熱温度を高くするほど二酸化炭素吸着熱が大きくなり,窒素/二酸化炭素分離能は向上した.これらの結果を加熱によるトンネル内や外表面に存在する水分子(特にマグネシウムに配位した結合水)の脱離過程の観点から考察した.
Challenges of a Venus entry mission (2011)

There have been numerous NASA and international orbiters, atmospheric probes, and landers that have explored Venus over the past 50 years. The Russian Space Agency (RSA) conducted over twenty missions to Venus from the 1960's to 1980's, including flybys, entry probes, landers and orbiters. NASA's first measurements of Venus came from a flyby of the Mariner 10 in 1973. Later that same decade, the Pioneer-Venus (PV) program, consisting of two orbiters and a multiple entry probe mission, explored different regions of the planet, radar mapped the surface, and made measurements of atmospheric composition and profile. In the 1990's NASA's Magellan Orbiter provided detailed radar maps of the surface, providing detailed topographical information for future Lander missions. The European Space Agency's (ESA) Venus Express mission has yielded further information on surface topography and atmospheric composition.
Study on gripping, separation and transportation of micro objects using EWOD (2018)

This research is aimed at research on micromanipulation using EWOD.
sMonitor: a non-intrusive client-perceived end-to-end performance monitor of secured internet services (2006)

End-to-end performance measurement is fundamental to building high-performance Internet services. While many Internet services often operate using HTTP over SSL/TLS, current monitors are limited to plaintext HTTP services. This paper presents sMonitor, a non-intrusive server-side end-to-end performance monitor that can monitor HTTPS services. The monitor passively collects live packet traces from a server site. It then uses a size-based analysis method on HTTP requests to infer characteristics of client accesses and measures client-perceived pageview response time in real time. We designed and implemented a prototype of sMonitor. Preliminary evaluations show measurement error of less than 5%.
Efficient and reliable surface charge transfer doping of black phosphorus via atomic layer deposited MgO toward high performance complementary circuits (2018)

Black phosphorus (BP), a fast emerging 2D material, has shown great potential in future electronics and optoelectronics owing to its outstanding properties including sizable band gap and ambipolar transport characteristics. However, its hole conduction dominance, featured by a much larger hole mobility and the corresponding on-current than that of the electrons, renders the reliable modulation of its carrier type and density a key challenge, thereby hindering its application to complementary electronics. Here, we demonstrate an efficient and reliable n-type doping for BP transistors via surface functionalization by atomic layer deposited magnesium oxide (MgO) with favorable controllability. By optimizing the MgO thickness, an electron mobility of up to 95.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 is reached with a simultaneous significant suppression of hole conduction. Subsequently, a high-performance complementary logic inverter is demonstrated within a single BP flake, which operates well with a supply voltage as low as <0.5 V, outperforming reported BP inverters in terms of logic level match, power consumption and process feasibility. Our findings suggest that surface charge transfer doping via MgO can be used as a promising technique towards high performance BP-based functional nanoelectronics.