gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fine structural lesions and hormonal alterations in thyroid glands of perinatal rats exposed in utero and by the milk to polychlorinated biphenyls. (1980)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) produced ultrastructural lesions of thyroid follicular cells and a reduction in serum levels of thyroid hormones in neonatal (0, 7, 14, and 21 days of age) Osborne-Mendel rats exposed to 50 or 500 ppm PCB in utero and by the milk. Litter size was decreased significantly in rats fed 500 ppm PCB. Body weights at 21 days of age were reduced in rats exposed to 50 and 500 ppm PCB. The ultrastructural lesions in follicular cells were dose- and age-dependent but were less extensive than in adult rats of the same strain. At all ages the lesions in thyroid follicular cells were characterized by increased development of rough endoplasmic reticulum and vacuolization of mitochondria. There was an increase of colloid droplets and lysosomes in the older age groups (14 and 21 days) but little evidence for colloid droplet-lysosome interaction necessary for the secretion of thyroid hormones. Shortening of microvilli, with the formation of club-shaped or branching forms, was observed only in 21-day-old rat pups. These ultrastructural alterations in follicular cells exposed to PCB were associated with a significant reduction in serum thyroxine in the rats at birth and at 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Serum triiodothyronine was reduced significantly in 7- and 14-day-old rat pups. The ultrastructural alterations in follicular cells appeared to contribute to the significant lowering of serum thyroid hormone levels in 14- and 21-day-old rats exposed to PCB. These findings suggest that alterations in thyroid structure and function may be important in the pathogenesis of certain metabolic disorders associated with PCB intoxication.
Fiber looped phase conjugation of polarization multiplexed signals for pre-compensation of fiber nonlinearity effect (2013)

Compensation of nonlinear distortion of polarization-multiplexed (PolMux) signals in optical fiber is evaluated experimentally using all-optical signal pre-distortion and fiber loop phase-conjugation at the transmitter. An improved bit error rate is shown for high baud rate, 80 Gb/s RZ-DPSK PolMux signals before transmission in a 728 km long dispersion-managed fiber link employing a direct detection receiver. The partial compensation of nonlinear distortion for both single channel and 3 × 80 Gb/s WDM PolMux signals is observed, despite the impact from the inter-polarization nonlinearity and the associated polarization scattering. Evidence of the limited compensation of inter-polarization nonlinearity is shown.
Packet Optical Integration (POI) Use Cases for Abstraction and Control of TE Networks (ACTN) (2016)

This document describes the Abstraction and Control of Transport
Networks (ACTN) use cases related to Packet and Optical Integration
(POI), that may be potentially deployed in various transport networks
and apply to different applications.
Influence of Patella thickness on Patellofemoral pressure in total knee Arthroplasty (2021)

The amount of patellar osteotomy influences the patellofemoral pressure. Surgeons should avoid increasing patella thickness, since the resulting increased patellofemoral pressure may reduce knee joint function.
A Non-Reference Image Denoising Method for Infrared Thermal Image Based on Enhanced Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Optimized by Fruit Fly Algorithm and Bilateral Filter (2017)

To eliminate the noise of infrared thermal image without reference and noise model, an improved dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT), optimized by an improved fruit-fly optimization algorithm (IFOA) and bilateral filter (BF), is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the noisy image is transformed by DTCWT, and the noise variance threshold is optimized by the IFOA, which is enhanced through a fly step range with inertia weight. Then, the denoised image will be re-processed using bilateral filter to improve the denoising performance and enhance the edge information. In the experiment, the proposed method is applied to eliminate both addictive noise and multiplicative noise, and the denoising results are compared with other representative methods, such as DTCWT, block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D), median filter, wiener filter, wavelet decomposition filter (WDF) and bilateral filter. Moreover, the proposed method is applied as pre-processing utilization for infrared thermal images in a coal mining working face.
Non-fullerene acceptors with direct and indirect hexa-fluorination afford >17% efficiency in polymer solar cells (2021)

The rational molecular design of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) can profoundly influence the photovoltaic (OPV) performance.
Radiographic Anatomy of the Native Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Systematic Review (2014)

The information presented in this systematic review offers surgeons another important tool for accurate ACL footprint identification.
Noise feedback in an electronic circuit (2020)

Electronic circuits are built by combining components with known current/voltage characteristics, which are intrinsic to each component and independent of the rest of the circuit. This approach breaks down for nanostructures placed at ultra-low temperature, a phenomenon referred to as Dynamical Coulomb Blockade, and usually attributed to quantum effects. Here we report similar phenomena on a simple circuit at room temperature, devoid of any quantum features: an avalanche diode in series with a resistor, where the current/voltage characteristics of the diode depends strongly on the value of the resistor. We show that the key ingredient for this is the feedback of the noise of the component on itself through the rest of the circuit. Moreover, we have developed a theory that links transport and noise in the presence of an external electromagnetic environment, which explains very well our experimental results.
청소년 신체적 자기개념 척도의 타당화 연구 (2009)

본 연구는 Benson(1998)이 제시한 강력한 타당화 프로그램의 2단계 내적구조 검증단계와 3단계 외적구조 검증 단계를 적용하여 최선인 등(2005)의 청소년 신체적 자기개념 척도의 타당도를 추정하고 발견된 문제점에 대한 수정 방향을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 서울시에 소재한 중학교의 학생 289명의 신체적 자기개념이 측정되었다. 내적구조 검증 단계에는 확인적 요인분석(CFA), 일반화가능도 이론(G-theory)이 적용되었으며, 제안된 모형의 적합성을 판단하기 위한 지수로는 ?확률값, RMSEA, NNFI, CFI, SRMR이 사용되었다. 외적구조 검증단계에는 다중집단 분석(multi-group analysis)이 적용되었으며, 이를 위해 서울시에 소재한 고등학교 학생 295명의 신체적 자기개념이 추가로 측정되었다. 분석결과, 본 연구에서 수집된 자료는 제안된 이론적 구조에 충분히 부합되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 잠재변인을 충분히 설명하지 못하는 문항들이 발견되었으며 충분히 개념화되지 않은 요인들이 이론 구조 내에 포함되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 일반화가능도 이론의 G 연구결과 응답자와 요인간의 상호작용 분산 (30.90%)과 잔차 분산(33.60%)이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. D 연구결과 청소년 신체적 자기개념 척도의 일반화 가능도 계수는. 73으로 나타났으며, 보다 신뢰롭고 효율적인 검사가 되기 위한 측정조건은 12요인-4문항 모형인 것으로 나타났다. 다중집단 분석 결과, 중학생을 대상으로 개발된 청소년 신체적 자기개념 척도의 이론적 구조는 고등학생에게 동일하게 적용되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 제안된 이론 구조는 구성 문항과 요인 등에서 전반적인 문제가 발견되어 신체적 자기개념의 고유한 특성을 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 향후 문항의 수정, 추가, 삭제 그리고 중학생과 고등학생을 모집단으로 한 요인의 재 개념화를 통해 새로운 검사지를 개발한 뒤 이를 다시 재 타당화하는 작업이 요구된다. 또한 본 연구에서 나타난 일반화가능도 이론의 연구결과는 향후 새로운 검사지를 개발하는데 있어 보다 신뢰롭고 타당한 이론 구조를 형성하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다.
Tricking the Guard: Exploiting Plant Defense for Disease Susceptibility (2012)

Typically, pathogens deploy virulence effectors to disable defense. Plants defeat effectors with resistance proteins that guard effector targets. We found that a pathogen exploits a resistance protein by activating it to confer susceptibility in Arabidopsis. The guard mechanism of plant defense is recapitulated by interactions among victorin (an effector produced by the necrotrophic fungus Cochliobolus victoriae), TRX-h5 (a defense-associated thioredoxin), and LOV1 (an Arabidopsis susceptibility protein). In LOV1's absence, victorin inhibits TRX-h5, resulting in compromised defense but not disease by C. victoriae. In LOV1's presence, victorin binding to TRX-h5 activates LOV1 and elicits a resistance-like response that confers disease susceptibility. We propose that victorin is, or mimics, a conventional pathogen virulence effector that was defeated by LOV1 and confers virulence to C. victoriae solely because it incites defense.
Testing Vehicle-to-Vehicle Relative Position and Attitude Estimation using Multiple UWB Ranging (2020)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) is an emerging technology that has the ability to accurately measure ranges over short to medium distances (10 cm to 300 meters) in outdoor and indoor situations[1]. The technology has been investigated for many applications that require both positioning and communication. Among these applications are robot automation and vehicle positioning. Many companies are trying to benefit from UWB signals and many IC manufacturers are already offering chipsets that can calculate the Time of Flight (TOF) for Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) with UWB signals. Range measurements acquired through UWB have an accuracy on the order of 10 cm, which is more accurate than conventional GPS for estimating a vehicle position in outdoor environments. This paper proposes and tests a method of using UWB ranges from two radios on one vehicle to two radios on another vehicle to estimate the 2-D relative position and heading of the second vehicle in the body frame of the first. The method is described, a positioning algorithm based on an extended Kalman filter is presented and an initial fields test using two moving vehicles on a suburban street is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: CARBONYL‐EINSCHIEBUNGSREAKTION VON EISENPENTACARBONYL MIT NICHTAROMATISCHEN NITROVERBINDUNGEN (1972)

Abstract Die Alkyl‐ und Cycloalkylnitroverbindungen (I) reagieren mit dem F e‐carbonyl (II) unter Bildung der Formamide (III) und der Harnstoff‐Derivate (IV) (Ausbeute 4‐14 bzw. 7‐19%), deren Verteilung von der Größe der Alkylgruppe R abhängig ist.
Does "death receptor" signaling play a role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy? (1998)

Physiological cell death, known as apoptosis, is an evolutionarily conserved process that is required for normal development and function of multicellular organisms. Abnormalities in cell death control are implicated as a cause or contributing factor in a range of diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity, and degenerative disorders. Importantly, the propensity of a cell to undergo apoptosis is one of the determinants of the sensitivity of tumor cells to antineoplastic therapy. Apoptosis can be triggered by stress-induced signals that arise from within the doomed cell or by signals that are elicited by binding of extracellular "death ligands" to their "death receptors." Cysteine proteases have been recognized as essential effectors of all pathways to apoptosis. Experiments with transgenic mice and gene knockout mice have shown that different caspases and their adaptor molecules are needed for "death receptor" signaling and apoptotic pathways elicited by cytokine withdrawal, DNA damage, or corticosteroids. These differences allow the pathways to be regulated by distinct inhibitors. It has been published that chemotherapeutic drugs and gamma-radiation induce apoptosis by "death ligand"-mediated activation of "death receptors," but this model has been challenged. Our review discusses this controversy in the light of current knowledge of the molecular control of apoptosis.
Analysis of Biological Tissues for Selenium by Thin Layer Chromatography (1982)

Abstract Selenium is oxidized by the method of Poole1 as modified by Stahr, et al4 to free it from matrix encumbrances. It is reduced by HC1 dissolution and complexed with DAN (Diaminonapthalene) then extracted into cyclohexane and analyzed by TLC (reverse phase Whatman high performance plates) thin layer chromatography densitometry. TLC allows observation of 0.1 ng of the selenium (piazselenole) complex. Separation of the Se containing complex allows elimination of other potentially interfering fluorescent compounds. 100% recoveries of Se75 (radiolabelled) are achieved through the digest step and 85–90% are achieved through the complete test. Radioautography shows only the gold piazselenole spot contains selenium. Agreement with Bureau of Standards results on freeze dried liver is 100% ± 2%.
Computer Automated Multi-Paradigm Modeling: An Introduction (2004)

Modeling and simulation are quickly becoming the primary enablers for complex system design. They allow the representation of intricate knowledge at various levels of abstraction and allow automated analysis as well as synthesis. The heterogeneity of the design process, as much as of the system itself, however, requires a manifold of formalisms tailored to the specific task at hand. Efficient design approaches aim to combine different models of a system under study and maximally use the knowledge captured in them. Computer Automated Multi-Paradigm Modeling (CAMPaM) is the emerging field that addresses the issues involved and formulates a domain-independent framework along three dimensions: (1) multiple levels of abstraction, (2) multiformalism modeling, and (3) meta-modeling. This article presents an overview of the CAMPaM field and shows how transformations assume a central place. These transformation are, in turn, explicitly modeled themselves by graph grammars.
A performance analysis of PIM, stream processing, and tiled processing on memory-intensive signal processing kernels (2003)

Trends in microprocessors of increasing die size and clock speed and decreasing feature sizes have fueled rapidly increasing performance. However, the limited improvements in DRAM latency and bandwidth and diminishing returns of increasing superscalar ILP and cache sizes have led to the proposal of new microprocessor architectures that implement processor-in- memory, stream processing, and tiled processing. Each architecture is typically evaluated separately and compared to a baseline architecture. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of processors that implement these architectures on a common set of signal processing kernels.The implementation results are compared with the measured performance of a conventional system based on the PowerPC with Altivec. The results show that these new processors show significant improvements over conventional systems and that each architecture has its own strengths and weaknesses.
Developmentally induced changes in transcriptional program alter spatial organization across chromosomes (2005)

Although the spatial location of genes within the nucleus has been implicated in their transcriptional status, little is known about the dynamics of gene location that accompany large-scale changes in gene expression. The mating of haploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is accompanied by a large-scale change in transcription and developmental program. We examined changes in nuclear organization that accompany stimulus by the mating pheromone alpha factor and found that most alpha-factor-induced genes become associated with components of the nuclear envelope. The myosin-like protein Mlp1, which has been implicated in mRNA export, was further shown to exhibit RNA dependence in its association with alpha-factor-induced genes. High-resolution mapping of association of chromosome III with Mlp1 revealed alpha-factor-dependent determinants of nuclear pore association, including origins of replication, specific intergenic regions, and the 3' ends of transcriptionally activated genes. Taken together, these results reveal RNA- and DNA-dependent determinants of nuclear organization as well as a detailed picture of how an entire chromosome alters its spatial conformation in response to a developmental cue.
Cyclic Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Property of LiNH<SUB>2</SUB> Impregnated into Ni Foam (2011)

Cyclic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation property of LiNH2 impregnated into the Ni foam was experimentally investigated, comparing with that of conventional LiNH2 powder. The amount of dehydrogenation from the impregnated sample after activating was 4.3 mass% (without the weight of the Ni foam), and remained 3.3 mass% after the 49th cycle of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, while the amount from the powder sample drastically decreased down to 0.5 mass% until only the 11th cycle. The main origin of the superior cyclic property of the impregnated sample was attributed to the suppression of sintering, mainly due to release of the exothermic heat during the hydrogenation supported by the frames of the Ni foam.
Relay oral therapy in febrile urinary tract infections caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae in children: A French multicenter study (2021)

The AC-cefixime combination represents an interesting therapeutic option for oral relay treatment of FUTI due to ESBL-E as the recurrence rate at 1 month after the end of treatment was the same when compared to cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin.
A cryptographic key management architecture for dynamic 6LowPan networks (2015)

Wireless sensor networks are becoming an important facilitator for the Internet of Things. These embedded devices can harvest different types of information such as temperature, pressure and humidity, which offer important data for making decisions regarding various applications such as healthcare, logistics and smart homes. Different sensors working together act as a local sensor network. With the advent of the new 6LowPan standard the sensor nodes can even participate in Internet communications, opening up even more possibilities. The downside is that these networks are more prone to intrusion by unwanted parties. Furthermore implementing security is not straightforward due to the constrained nature of the sensor nodes, although different solutions have been proposed. One of the remaining and most challenging issues is the key management problem. In this paper, we propose a symmetric key management scheme for wireless sensor networks that uses tamper-proof hardware for key generation and distribution. The scheme requires no deployment knowledge before enrolling and makes use of a trusted central entity for key negotiation to provide end-to-end security. Our implementation and evaluation were performed on the tiny Zolertia Z1 hardware platform, running Contiki-OS. The performance and security evaluation show * This work is funded by the
"Ti-silicalite -1 membranes by microwave-assisted synthesis" (2008)

International audience
UMID Watermarking for Managing Metadata in Content Production (2001)

Watermarking is a technique for embedding data within images or audio and is best known in copyright protection. This paper explains how watermarking can be used to embed a unique material identifier (UMID) into every frame of video material to enable tracking throughout the production chain. As the UMID is embedded into the image itself it cannot be separated and then lost. It is embedded at the point of acquisition and enables linking of video material to its associated metadata for rights tracking, technical information, or added-value data services in digital broadcasting. In order to allow a change of UMID, the watermark may be removed or “washed” and a new UMID embedded with no significant generation loss.
Effects of Auditory Stimuli on Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Perfusion Pressure in Traumatic Brain Injury (1995)

The primary goal of medical and nursing management in the traumatic brain-injured patient is to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) and maintain adequate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Little is known about what effect, if any, auditory stimulation has on these parameters. Therefore, an experimental study was conducted to examine the effects of various auditory stimuli on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in traumatic brain-injured patients. A convenience sample of fifteen participants with admitting Glasgow Coma Scale scores between 3 and 8 was studied. Three types of auditory stimuli: earplugs, a music tape and a tape of ICU environmental noise were applied to patients in a computer-generated random order. The tapes delivered sound at 70 decibels. Each intervention lasted 15 minutes. ICP and CPP were recorded at a 30 second resolution time through a bedside computer. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance for a cross over design. Results showed no statistically significant change in ICP or CPP during the study period. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of auditory stimuli on ICP and CPP in traumatic brain-injured patients.
땅콩 알레르기 생쥐모델에서 항 알레르기 효과가 있는 Lactobacillus 균주의 선별 (2007)

배경: 유산균(lactic acid bacteria, LAB)은 건강한 사람의 소장과 대장에서 서식하는 주된 정상균총으로서 최근 유산균의 면역조절 및 면역강화 효과에 대한 연구들이 보고되었다. 유산균의 면역 조절 효과는 아토피피부염이나 식품 알레르기의 예방 혹은 치료와 관련하여 관심을 모으고 있으며 주로 연구되는 유산균은 lactobacillus이다. 목적: 이에 연구자들은 전 임상 단계에서 땅콩 알레르기 생쥐 모델을 이용하여 감작항원 특이 IgE 항체 생성 감소를 유도하는 알레르기 면역 조절 효과가 현저한 lactobacillus 균주를 선별하는 것을 목적으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 5 주령의 암컷 C3H/HeJ 생쥐에 땅콩단백 1 mg을 실험 제 0, 1, 2, 7, 21에 위장관 투여에 의하여 감작시켰으며, 감작 기간 3주 동안 매일 10 의 lactobacillus 단클론 배양 균주를 각 군별로 위장관내 투여하였다. 실험기간 동안 매주 생쥐의 혈청을 얻어 땅콩 특이 IgE, IgG1, IgG2a를 측정하였고 최종 효과 판정을 위하여 실험 4주째 결과를 각 군별로 비교하였다. 결과: 10종류의 lactobacillus strain 투여에 의하여 정도의 차이는 있으나 땅콩 특이 IgE 생성이 모두 감소하였고, 이중 6종(L. casei IBS041, L. casei 346, L. casei 699, L. acidophilus 507, L. acidophilus 3142, L. acidophilus AD031)에 의해서는 대조군에 비하여 IgE 항체 생성이 50% 이상 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 반면 땅콩 특이 IgG1, IgG2a의 조절효과는 strain 마다 다양하였고 IgG와 IgE 항체 생성 조절의 일관성은 L. casei strain IBS041에서만 관찰되었다. 결론: 항체 생산에 초점을 두었다는 제한점은 있지만, 본 연구를 통하여 10종의 lactobacillus 배양 strain 중에서 성공적으로 IgE 생성을 감소시키는 6종의 strain을 선별할 수 있었고 이러한 결과는 추후 임상 연구를 시행하기 위한 기본 자료로 사용될 수 있으리라 기대된다.
Using DecaWave UWB transceivers for high-accuracy multipath-assisted indoor positioning (2017)

Robust indoor positioning and location awareness at a sub-meter accuracy typically require highly accurate radio channel measurements to extract precise time-of-flight measurements. Emerging UWB transponders like the DecaWave DW1000 chip offer to estimate channel impulse responses with reasonably high bandwidth and excellent clock stability, yielding a ranging precision below 10 cm. The competitive pricing of these chips allows scientists and engineers for the first time to exploit the benefits of UWB for indoor positioning without the need for a massive investment into experimental equipment. This work investigates the performance of the DW1000 chip concerning position related information that can be extracted from its channel impulse response measurements. We evaluate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the line-of-sight and reflected multipath components which is a key parameter determining the Cramér-Rao lower bound on the ranging error variance. We propose a novel and highly efficient positioning algorithm, which requires information from a single anchor only. Results demonstrate reliable and robust positioning at an accuracy below 0.5 m.
Anaerococcus urinimassiliensis sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from human urine (2021)

To date there are thirteen species validly assigned to the genus Anaerococcus. Most of the species in this genus are anaerobic and of human origin. Anaerococcus urinimassiliensis sp. nov., strain Marseille-P2143<sup>T</sup> is member of family Peptoniphilaceae, which was isolated from the urine of a 17-year-old boy affected by autoimmune hepatitis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis using the culturomic approach. In the current study, a taxono-genomics method was employed to describe this new species. The strain Marseille-P2143<sup>T</sup> was gram positive cocci with translucent colonies on blood agar. Its genome was 2,189,509 bp long with a 33.5 mol% G + C content and exhibited 98.48% 16S rRNA similarity with Anaerococcus provencensis strain 9,402,080. When Anaerococcus urinomassiliensis strain Marseill-P2143<sup>T</sup> is compared with closely related species, the values ranged from 71.23% with A. hydrogenalis strain DSM 7454<sup>T</sup> (NZ_ABXA01000052.1) to 90.64% with A. provencensis strain 9402080<sup>T</sup> (NZ_HG003688.1). This strain has implemented the repertoire of known bacteria of the human urinary tract.