gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fair resource allocation using bargaining over OFDMA relay networks (2009)

This paper studies fair resource allocation schemes for orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) with the decode-and-forward relaying strategy. To satisfy the heterogenous rate requirement of each user while considering the fairness and efficiency as performance indices, the bargaining theory is applied to allocate resource at a relay node to multiple source nodes. Motivated by the fact that each source's achievable rate on individual sub-carrier is limited by decodability constraint, we apply the Kalai-Smorodinsky bargaining (KSB) theory to allocate resource at the relay fairly. KSB ensures that all sources incur the same surplus rate penalty relative to the maximal surplus rate. To improve system efficiency, the Nash bargaining (NB) problem is formulated to maximize NB solution fairness criterion by exploiting multiuser diversity. A simple yet efficient algorithm is derived to assign sub-carrier and power at the relay for multiple users. Simulation results demonstrate that both KSB-based solution and NB solution can improve total rates while maintaining fairness among sources.
Z‐Scheme 2D/2D Heterojunction of Black Phosphorus/Monolayer Bi2WO6 Nanosheets with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities (2019)

Black phosphorus (BP), a star-shaped two-dimensional material, has attracted considerable attention owing to its unique chemical and physical properties. BP shows great potential in photocatalysis area because of its excellent optical properties; however, its applications in this field have been limited to date. Now, a Z-scheme heterojunction of 2D/2D BP/monolayer Bi<sub>2</sub> WO<sub>6</sub> (MBWO) is fabricated by a simple and effective method. The BP/MBWO heterojunction exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance in photocatalytic water splitting to produce H<sub>2</sub> and NO removal to purify air; the highest H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of BP/MBWO is 21042 μmol g<sup>-1</sup> , is 9.15 times that of pristine MBWO and the NO removal ratio was as high as 67 %. A Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism is proposed based on monitoring of <sup>.</sup> O<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup> , <sup>.</sup> OH, NO<sub>2</sub> , and NO<sub>3</sub> <sup>-</sup> species in the reaction. This work broadens applications of BP and highlights its promise in the treatment of environmental pollution and renewable energy issues.
Chronic UVR Causes Increased Immunostaining of CD44 and Accumulation of Hyaluronan in Mouse Epidermis (2011)

Chronic intense UV radiation is the main cause of epidermal tumors. Because hyaluronan (HA), a large extracellular polysaccharide, is known to promote malignant growth, hyaluronan expression was studied in a model in which long-term UV radiation (UVR) induces epidermal tumors. Mouse back skin was exposed three times a week for 10.5 months to UVR corresponding to one minimal erythema dose, processed for histology, and stained for hyaluronan and the hyaluronan receptor CD44. This exposure protocol caused epidermal hyperplasia in most of the animals; tumors, mainly squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), were found in ~20% of the animals. Specimens exposed to UVR showed increased hyaluronan and CD44 staining throughout the epidermal tissue. In hyperplastic areas, hyaluronan and CD44 stainings correlated positively with the degree of hyperplasia. Well-differentiated SCCs showed increased hyaluronan and CD44 staining intensities, whereas poorly differentiated tumors and dysplastic epidermis showed areas where HA and CD44 were locally reduced. The findings indicate that HA and CD44 increase in epidermal keratinocytes in the premalignant hyperplasia induced by UV irradiation and stay elevated in dysplasia and SCC, suggesting that the accumulation of hyaluronan and CD44 is an early marker for malignant transformation and may be a prerequisite for tumor formation.
Cooperative field localization and excitation eigenmodes in disordered metamaterials (2019)

We investigate numerically and experimentally the near-field response of disordered arrays comprising asymmetrically split ring resonators that exhibit a strong cooperative response. Our simulations treat the unit cell split-ring resonators as discrete pointlike oscillators with associated electric and magnetic point dipole radiation, while the strong cooperative radiative coupling between the different split rings is fully included at all orders. The methods allow us to calculate local field and Purcell factor enhancement arising from the collective electric and magnetic excitations. We find substantially increased standard deviation of the Purcell enhancement with disorder, making it increasingly likely to find collective excitation eigenmodes with very high Purcell factors that are also stronger for magnetic than electric excitations. We show that disorder can dramatically modify the cooperative response of the metamaterial even in the presence of strong dissipation losses, as is the case for plasmonic systems. Our analysis in terms of collective eigenmodes paves the way for controlled engineering of electromagnetic device functionalities based on strongly interacting metamaterial arrays.
Performance of reference block updating techniques when tracking with the block matching algorithm (2002)

An important problem when using the block matching algorithm to track objects is how to update the reference block to take account of the changing target appearance. This paper investigates and reports on the accuracy and stability of a variety of update strategies and on the robustness of these strategies to image noise. These strategies are applicable where an object is being tracked using the block matching algorithm over an extended period of time or where the object appearance is changing over time.
Neural subspaces of imagined movements in parietal cortex remain stable over several years in humans (2023)

A crucial goal in brain-machine interfacing is long-term stability of neural decoding performance, ideally without regular retraining. Here we demonstrate stable neural decoding over several years in two human participants, achieved by latent subspace alignment of multi-unit intracortical recordings in posterior parietal cortex. These results can be practically applied to significantly expand the longevity and generalizability of future movement decoding devices.
Quantum cluster equilibrium theory of liquids part II: Temperature dependent chemical shifts, quadrupole coupling constants and vibrational frequencies in liquid ammonia (1998)

Abstract Temperature dependent NMR chemical shifts for hydrogen and nitrogen, NMR quadrupole coupling constants for deuterium and nitrogen as well as all vibrational frequencies for liquid ammonia are calculated by the ab initio quantum cluster equilibrium (QCE) method and compared with experimental measurements. All properties were obtained from equilibrium populations of ammonia clusters calculated between the melting (196 K) and the boiling (239 K) point. The calculated vibrational frequencies and chemical shifts are in good agreement with experimental NMR and Raman measurements. The theoretical quadrupole coupling constants for liquid ammonia lie midway between the available experimental data for the solid and the gas phase.
CTLA‐4 expressed by chemoresistant, as well as untreated, myeloid leukaemia cells can be targeted with ligands to induce apoptosis (2007)

We have previously reported that about 80% of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples tested at diagnosis constitutively expressed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). The present study compared CTLA-4 expression and function of leukaemic cells from AML patients at diagnosis with those from AML patients resistant to conventional chemotherapy. We also explored the possibility of targeting CTLA-4 for apoptosis induction in chemoresistant AML cells. AML cells either from untreated patients (n = 15) or in chemoresistant phase (n = 10) were analysed for CTLA-4 protein and transcript expression by flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction respectively. CTLA-4 expression was similar in untreated and in chemoresistant samples and was not associated with patients' clinical features. In chemoresistant AML cells, CTLA-4 transduced an apoptotic signal on engagement with its recombinant ligands r-CD80 and r-CD86, which induced an average of 71% and 62% apoptotic cells, respectively, at highest concentration. Apoptosis was equally induced in untreated leukaemic cells accompanied by cleavage of procaspase-8 and -3. Thus, this study provides the first evidence that killing of leukaemic cells from AML patients may be obtained by the engagement of CTLA-4 with its ligands, opening the way to a novel potential therapeutic approach based on triggering the CTLA-4 molecule to circumvent chemoresistance in AML.
Quantification of Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes Using Optical Coherence Tomography (1995)

Nerve fiber layer thickness can be measured using optical coherence tomography. These measurements provide good structural and functional correlation with known parameters.
Aqueous Ozonation Of Fatty Acids (1989)

Abstract The reactivity of a series of fatty acids toward ozone was examined in aqueous solution at low substrate concentration (μg.L−1 range). Saturated fatty acids were unreactive, unsaturated fatty acids were readily consumed. A number of reaction products or their methylated derivatives were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The products identified are consistent with a 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addotion reaction.
Abstract IA16: Trial enrichment and proof of concept studies (2022)

Abstract Identification of oncogene addiction loops has provided new therapeutic targets in oncology. Selective targeting of the ABL-BCR fusion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia using imatinib was a major clinical breakthrough. Similar approaches in other solid tumors led to the approval of additional biomarker-driver molecular therapies (e.g., vemurafenib in BRAF mutated melanoma). Success of this approach was contingent on the identification of biomarkers that could help identify patients most likely to respond to these therapies. This spurred efforts to implement clinical trials able to detect efficacy in specific patient populations, specifically those enriched in the biomarker under evaluation. This has also been applied in hepatocellular carcinoma with mixed results. Approval of ramucirumab in patient with elevated AFP is the first example of successful trial enrichment, while tivantinib is paradigmatic of a negative biomarker enrichment trial. Lack of recurrent druggable mutations makes biomarker-driven clinical trials in HCC more difficult, which underscores the need for predictive biomarkers of immune therapies. Citation Format: Augusto Villanueva-Rodriguez. Trial enrichment and proof of concept studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in the Pathogenesis and Molecular Therapies of Liver Cancer; 2022 May 5-8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2022;28(17_Suppl):Abstract nr IA16.
Field Induced Multiple Superconducting Phases in UTe2 along Hard Magnetic Axis (2023)

The superconducting (SC) phase diagram in uranium ditelluride is explored under magnetic fields (H) along the hard magnetic b axis using a high-quality single crystal with T_{c}=2.1 K. Simultaneous electrical resistivity and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements discern low- and high-field SC (LFSC and HFSC, respectively) phases with contrasting field-angular dependence. Crystal quality increases the upper critical field of the LFSC phase, but the H^{*} of ∼15 T, at which the HFSC phase appears, is always the same through the various crystals. A phase boundary signature is also observed inside the LFSC phase near H^{*}, indicating an intermediate SC phase characterized by small flux pinning forces.
Instrumentation for automated solid phase peptide synthesis (1999)

The concept of solid phase peptide synthesis introduced by Merrifield in 1963 involves elongating a peptide chain on a polymeric support via a two-step repetitive process: removal of the Nα-protecting group and coupling of the next incoming amino acid. A second feature of the solid phase technique is that reagents are added in large excesses which can be removed by simple filtration and washing. Since these operations occur in a single reaction vessel, the entire process is amenable to automation. Essential requirements for a fully automatic synthesizer include a set of solvent and reagent reservoirs, as well as a suitable reaction vessel to contain the solid support and enable mixing with solvents and reagents. Additionally, a system is required for selection of specific solvents and reagents with accurate measurement for delivery to and removal from the reaction vessel, and a programmer to facilitate these automatic operations is necessary. The current commercially available instruments offer a variety of features in terms of their scale (15 mg to 5 kg of resin), chemical compatibility with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl/tert-butyl (Fmoc/tBu) and tert-butyloxycarbonyl/ benzyl (Boc/Bzl)-based methods, software (reaction monitoring and feedback control), and flexibility (additional washing and multiple activation strategies). In addition, certain instruments are better suited for the synthesis of more complex peptides such as cyclic, phosphorylated, and glycosylated sequences while others possess the ability to assemble a large number of peptide sequences. The selection of an instrument is dependent on the requirements and demands of an individual laboratory. This chapter will describe the features of the currently available systems. As the field of solid phase synthesis evolved, manufacturers designed systems based on the synergy between chemistry and engineering. A key component to an instrument is the handling of amino acids and their subsequent activation to couple to a polymeric support. The goal of an automated system is to duplicate conditions that provide stability to reactive species that might decompose. Standard protocols for automated synthesis incorporate carbodiimide, phosphonium, and aminium/uronium reagents, preformed active esters, and acid fluorides. For further details on coupling methods, see Chapter 3. A second issue related to coupling chemistry is the time required to dissolve an amino acid and store this solution.
Synthesis of a Nickel Bis(dithiolene) Complex with Strong Near-Infrared Two-Photon Absorption (2008)

The diketones 4,4′-di[3,4-bis(n-dodecyloxy)styryl]benzil and 4,4′-di[3,4-bis(n-dodecyloxy)phenylethynyl]benzil have been synthesized from 4,4′-dibromobenzil using Heck coupling with the appropriate styrene and Sonogashira coupling with the appropriate phenylalkyne, respectively. Treatment of the distyrylbenzil derivative with phosphorus pentasulfide followed by nickel(II) chloride gave the corresponding extended nickel bis(dithiolene) derivative which shows strong near-infrared two-photon absorption with a cross-section of over 440 GM (1 GM = 10−50 cm4 s photon−1 molecule−1) throughout the telecommunications range and a peak cross-section of 5300 GM at ca. 1.2 μm.
Velocity and concentration measurements of suspensions by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S. A. Altobelli, R. C. Givler, Eiichi Fukushima; Velocity and concentration measurements of suspensions by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Rheology 1 July 1991; 35 (5): 721–734. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550156 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Use of elektrets in low-current devices (2010)

On a elektret surface there is an electrode. An electrode close through loading with other electrode. The second electrode vibrates. The amplitude of a current in a contour is directly proportional to dielectric permeability of environment. The author suggests to insert into a backlash between a elektret and a vibrating electrode substance with huge dielectric permeability. The ceramics LSNO changes the permeability with frequency change a little. So it is possible to increase strongly a current in a chain.
Simulation Analysis on the Evaluation of Parking Reservation System (2008)

In general, information provision is expected to contribute to disperse traffic demand from congested roads or car parks to less congested ones. On the other hand, information may not improve traffic condition if all roads are congested or all car parks are fully occupied. In such circumstances, we should try to disperse traffic demands spatially as well as temporally. In this study, Parking Reservation (PR) system is proposed to disperse parking demands temporally. The concept of PR system is similar to the reservation of popular restaurants. If the car park is popular and we know it is full in advance, then we do not have to go and check the availability of the car park. To evaluate the effects of PR system, we should clarify how drivers would behave under such systems. For this purpose, user responses under PR system are collected and evaluated using questionnaire-based analysis. Then, a road traffic simulation model with parking choice behaviour under PR system is created. Through various case studies, effects of the system from various points of views such as car park users, drivers, car park managers as well as society are discussed. Through the case studies, we found that 1) the effect of PR system may vary largely on where reserved car parks are located, 2) there is no ‘hunting’ phenomenon in introducing the system, i.e the larger amount of drivers are interested in using reserved car parks, the more benefit the society will obtain, and 3) PR system is really helpful for drivers who need to arrive at their destination on time.
Prediagnostic Plasma IgE Levels and Risk of Adult Glioma in Four Prospective Cohort Studies (2011)

Overall, our prospective findings are consistent with recent retrospective studies and support an association between total IgE levels and glioma. However, this association requires further elucidation.
Thermal resistance measurements of interconnections for a three-dimensional (3D) chip stack (2009)

To determine an appropriate cooling solution for a 3D chip stack at the design phase, it is important to estimate the total thermal resistance of a 3D chip stack by modeling correctly. It requires the parameters in the modeling to be precise (the parameter here corresponds to the thermal conductivity of each component of a 3D chip stack) and therefore precise thermal resistance measurement of each component of a 3D chip stack is necessary. A 3D chip stack is composed of interconnections, silicon substrates, back-end-of-the-line (BEOL), front-end-of-the-line (FEOL) and in this study, the thermal resistance of interconnections is the primary focus because interconnections are regarded as one of the thermal resistance bottlenecks of a 3D chip stack. The thermal resistances of stacked chips (each chip of 730 mum thick) with the 250 mum pitch (50 mum diameter), 500 mum pitch (50 mum diameter) lead-free (SnAg) interconnections are measured and compared with the modeled results, then the thermal conductivity of SnAg interconnections is derived. The obtained the thermal conductivity of SnAg interconnections with Cu posts is 37 - 41 W/mC. The dependence of the silicon effective thermal resistance on the interconnection pitch is also studied and it is experimentally proved.
Genotyping of single spore isolates of aPasteuria penetranspopulation occurring in Florida using SNP-based markers (2016)

This study demonstrates an efficient method for generating single spore lines of P. penetrans and gives a deep insight into genetic heterogeneity and varying level of virulence exists within a population parasitizing a specific Meloidogyne sp. host. The results also suggest that the application of generalist spore lines in nematode management may achieve broad RKN control.
Iron-Based Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Contrast Agents for MRI of Infection and Inflammation (2015)

OBJECTIVE. In this article, we summarize the progress to date on the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as contrast agents for MRI of inflammatory processes. CONCLUSION. Phagocytosis by macrophages of injected SPIONs results in a prolonged shortening of both T2 and T2* leading to hypointensity of macrophage-infiltrated tissues in contrast-enhanced MR images. SPIONs as contrast agents are therefore useful for the in vivo MRI detection of macrophage infiltration, and there is substantial research and clinical interest in the use of SPION-based contrast agents for MRI of infection and inflammation. This technique has been used to identify active infection in patients with septic arthritis and osteomyelitis; importantly, the MRI signal intensity of the tissue has been found to return to its unenhanced value on successful treatment of the infection. In SPION contrast-enhanced MRI of vascular inflammation, animal studies have shown decreased macrophage uptake in atherosclerotic plaques after treatment with statin drugs. Human studies have shown that both coronary and carotid plaques that take up SPIONs are more prone to rupture and that abdominal aneurysms with increased SPION uptake are more likely to grow. Studies of patients with multiple sclerosis suggest that MRI using SPIONs may have increased sensitivity over gadolinium for plaque detection. Finally, SPIONs have enabled the tracking and imaging of transplanted stem cells in a recipient host.
<title>Online scene change detection of multicast (MBone) video</title> (1998)

Many multimedia applications, such as multimedia data management systems and communication systems, require efficient representation of multimedia content. Thus semantic interpretation of video content has been a popular research area. Currently, most content-based video representation involves the segmentation of video based on key frames which are generated using scene change detection techniques as well as camera/object motion. Then, video features can be extracted from key frames. However most of such research performs off-line video processing in which the whole video scope is known as a priori which allows multiple scans of the stored video files during video processing. In comparison, relatively not much research has been done in the area of on-line video processing, which is crucial in video communication applications such as on-line collaboration, news broadcasts and so on. Our research investigates on-line real-time scene change detection of multicast video over the Internet. Our on-line processing system are designed to meet the requirements of real-time video multicasting over the Internet and to utilize the successful video parsing techniques available today. The proposed algorithms extract key frames from video bitstreams sent through the MBone network, and the extracted key frames are multicasted as annotations or metadata over a separate channel to assist in content filtering such as those anticipated to be in use by on-line filtering proxies in the Internet. The performance of the proposed algorithms are demonstrated and discussed in this paper.
A new isochroman-4-one derivative from the peel of Musa sapientum L. and its total synthesis (2007)

新 isochroman-4-one， 7,8-dihydroxy-3-methylisochroman-4-one 从水被孤立 Musa 智慧弦音器 L 的可溶的部分。它的结构被分光镜的证据决定，它的全部的合成也被报导了。复合显示出的有势力反高血压的活动。