gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heteroepitaxial growth of cubic SiC on Si using very‐high‐frequency plasma at atmospheric pressure (2008)

Abstract The heteroepitaxial growth of cubic silicon carbide (3C‐SiC) on Si(001) at a substrate temperature of 800 °C was investigated using atmospheric‐pressure plasma excited by very‐high‐frequency (VHF) power. The carbonization process of the Si surface was first studied using plasma of He, H 2 and CH 4 mixtures to suppress the undesired influences of the large lattice mismatch between Si and 3C‐SiC. A (001)‐oriented 3C‐SiC layer, with thickness of approximately 3 nm and a root mean square roughness of 0.23 nm, was formed by supplying the optimum VHF power for a H 2 concentration of 10% (H 2 /CH 4 ratio of 40). Following the carbonization process, 3C‐SiC films were deposited from a CH 3 SiH 3 single source or CH 4 and SiH 4 dual sources by varying the atomic concentration ratio (C/Si). The crystal quality of the deposited films was characterized using infrared absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and selected‐area electron diffraction. The results showed that increasing the C/Si ratio was essential to improve both the deposition rate and the crystal quality. The 3C‐SiC film deposited at C/Si = 10 exhibited the (001) 3C‐SiC growth epitaxially aligned to the Si matrix, although it included a high density of planar defects originating from twinned 3C‐SiC. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive Torque Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines (2004)

The primary focus of this work is a new adaptive controller that is designed to resemble the standard non-adaptive controller used by the wind industry for variable speed wind turbines below rated power. This adaptive controller uses a simple, highly intuitive gain adaptation law designed to seek out the optimal gain for maximizing the turbine's energy capture. It is designed to work even in real, time-varying winds.
Crystal structures of the F88Y obelin mutant before and after bioluminescence provide molecular insight into spectral tuning among hydromedusan photoproteins (2014)

Ca(2+) -regulated photoproteins are responsible for the bioluminescence of a variety of marine coelenterates. All hydromedusan photoproteins are a single-chain polypeptide to which 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine is tightly but non-covalently bound. Bioluminescence results from oxidative decarboxylation of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine, generating protein-bound coelenteramide in an excited state. The bioluminescence spectral maxima of recombinant photoproteins vary in the range 462-495 nm, despite a high degree of identity of amino acid sequences and spatial structures of these photoproteins. Based on studies of obelin and aequorin mutants with substitution of Phe to Tyr and Tyr to Phe, respectively [Stepanyuk GA et al. (2005) FEBS Lett 579, 1008-1014], it was suggested that the spectral differences may be accounted for by an additional hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of a Tyr residue and an oxygen atom of the 6-(p-hydroxyphenyl) substituent of coelenterazine. Here, we report the crystal structures of two conformation states of the F88Y obelin mutant that has bioluminescence and product fluorescence spectra resembling those of aequorin. Comparison of spatial structures of the F88Y obelin conformation states with those of wild-type obelin clearly shows that substitution of Phe to Tyr does not affect the overall structures of either F88Y obelin or its product following Ca(2+) discharge, compared to the conformation states of wild-type obelin. The hydrogen bond network in F88Y obelin being due to the Tyr substitution clearly supports the suggestion that different hydrogen bond patterns near the oxygen of the 6-(p-hydroxyphenyl) substituent are the basis for spectral modifications between hydromedusan photoproteins.
Investigation of the 'wall' effect in the long Josephson junctions (1991)

Long Josephson junctions with edge current injection and shortened control lines are studied experimentally. It is found that the wall effect is connected with the blockage of vortices entry into the junction by control current, as well as with the existence of the energy barrier for the vortices at the boundary between a projection region and the remaining portion of the junction. Significant enhancement of supercurrent due to the blockade was found.
Successful Combination of an Organically Crosslinked Polymer System and a Rigid-Setting Material for Conformance Control in Mexico (2009)

Summary The Cantarell field, a mature reservoir offshore Mexico, presents significant water-management problems because the hydrocarbon production comes from a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir. Controlling water production in the Cantarell field becomes more critical because of its limited water-handling facilities. This paper presents the field application of two systems widely used in the petroleum industry for water control: (1) an organically crosslinked polymer (OCP) system and (2) a rigid-setting-material (RSM) system. The OCP system is based on a copolymer of acrylamide and t-butyl acrylate (PAtBA) crosslinked with polyethyleneimine (PEI). To date, more than 100 jobs have been performed in Mexico with this system to address conformance problems such as water coning/cresting, high-permeability streaks, gravel-pack isolation, fracture shutoff, and casing-leak repair. This system can penetrate deep into the matrix of the rock or fractures to provide a more efficient water shutoff. The RSM system is a rigid "cement-like" setting material that has a right-angle set. Unlike cement, the RSM system is capable of rapidly developing highly compressive strength to avoid losing the treatment to the formation before setting and will not invade the formation. The RSM system is for near-wellbore applications. Several case histories are presented in this paper to show the application of these two water-shutoff systems together. The OCP system was used for deep matrix/fracture penetration, while the RSM system was used as a tail-in because of its fast-setting properties (to avoid overdisplacement of the OCP system) and its capability to stop gas migration. These advanced water-control technologies have extended the well life and profitability of the treated wells. In the past, many of these wells were abandoned because of the limited water-handling facilities.
Supplementation with whole cottonseed causes long-term reduction of methane emissions from lactating dairy cows offered a forage and cereal grain diet (2010)

The objective of our work was to supplement a forage and cereal diet of lactating dairy cows with whole cottonseed (WCS) for 12 wk and to determine whether the expected reduction in CH(4) would persist. A secondary objective was to determine the effect of supplementing the diet with WCS on milk yield and rumen function over the 12-wk feeding period. Fifty lactating cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 diets (control or WCS). The 2 separate groups were each offered, on average, 4.2 kg of DM/cow per day of alfalfa hay (a.m.) and 6.6 kg of DM/cow per day of ryegrass silage (p.m.) on the ground in bare paddocks each day for 12 wk. Cows in each group were also individually offered dietary supplements for 12 wk in a feed trough at milking times of 5.4 kg of DM/cow per day of cracked wheat grain and 0.5 kg of DM/cow per day of cottonseed meal (control) or 2.8 kg of DM/cow per day of cracked wheat grain and 2.61 kg of DM/cow per day of WCS. The 2 diets were formulated to be similar in their concentrations of CP and ME, but the WCS diet was designed to have a higher fat concentration. Samples of rumen fluid were collected per fistula from the rumen approximately 4 h after grain feeding in the morning. Samples were taken from 8 cows (4 cows/diet) on 2 consecutive days in wk 2 of the covariate and wk 3, 6, 10, and 12 of treatment and analyzed for volatile fatty acids, ammonia-N, methanogens, and protozoa. The reduction in CH(4) emissions (g/d) because of WCS supplementation increased from 13% in wk 3 to 23% in wk 12 of treatment. Similarly, the reduction in CH(4) emissions (g/kg of DMI) increased from 5.1% in wk 3 to 14.5% in wk 12 of treatment. It was calculated that the average reduction in CH(4) emissions over the 12-wk period was 2.9% less CH(4) per 1% added fat, increasing from 1.5% in wk 3 to 4.4% less CH(4) in wk 12. There was no effect of WCS supplementation on rumen ammonia-N, rumen volatile fatty acids, rumen methanogens, and rumen protozoa. On average over the 12-wk period, supplementation with WCS decreased the yield of milk (10%), fat (11%), protein (14%), lactose (11%), and fat plus protein (12%) and BW gain (31%). The WCS supplementation had no effect on milk fat concentration but resulted in a decrease in concentration of protein (5%) and lactose (11%). The major finding from this study is that addition of WCS to the diet of lactating dairy cows resulted in a persistent reduction in CH(4) emissions (g of CH(4)/kg of DMI) over a 12-wk period and that these reductions in CH(4) are consistent with previous work that has studied the addition of oilseeds to ruminant diets.
An Analysis of the Temporal Pattern according to Hydrologic Characteristics of Short-Duration Rainfall (2006)

The objective of this study is to analyze the temporal pattern characteristic of short-duration rainfall defined as a rainfall durations of 6 hours or less by the Huff's 4th quartile distribution. To analyze the temporal pattern characteristic of short-duration rainfall, the rainfall data are classified by rainfall duration and rainfall type(Changma, Typhoon, Severe rain storm, Frontal storm) and change of rainfall segment. Also, the results of this study compared with result of research work of Korea Institute of Construction Technology(1989) and Ministry of Construction & Transportation(2000). The conclusions of this study are as follows; (1) Short-duration rainfall with duration of 6 hours or less is found to be most prevalent frist-quartile storms. (2) In the case of rainfall type, Changma and Severe rain storms and Frontal storm is found second-quartile storms, and Typhoon is found third-quartile storms. (3) In the result by change of sixth segment storms, the type of temporal pattern of rainfall is found to be most prevalent two sixth parts, (4) Comparative analysis of the results shows that shapes of the dimensionless cumulative curves and values are different from those of existing researches.
Synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de composés azahétérocycliques à visée antitumorale (2009)

Malgre la decouverte de nouvelles molecules antitumorales et l'application de nouveaux traitements, le cancer reste une des principales causes de deces dans les pays developpes. Des travaux anterieurs ont montre que des composes a structure pyrido[2,3-b ]pyrazine possedaient un niveau d'activite prometteur sur la cascade des MAP kinases impliquee dans la proliferation de nombreux cancers. Nous avons decide, en collaboration avec les laboratoires AEterna Zentaris, de developper des molecules originales, a structure 1,5- naphtyridine, derivees des composes precedemment cites. Dans un premier temps, une synthese efficace a donc ete mise au point, puis dans un deuxieme temps, une pharmacomodulation couplee a des evaluations pharmacologiques nous ont permis d'obtenir de nouveaux inhibiteurs de kinases
Mediterranean fruit fly1/: Laboratory and field evaluations of synthetic sex pheromones2/ (1977)

Abstract Fifteen acids present in the natural sex pheromones produced by male Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were separated by gas‐liquid chromatography and identified. Then combinations of the acids and of previously identified pheromones were bioassayed for attraction to virgin female Mediterranean fruit flies in an outdoor olfactometer. However, when 2 of the most promising combinations were tested in the field, they attracted large numbers of males, but no females. In the laboratory, females reared from fruit infested in the field responded to the synthetic pheromone. No explanation is available for these anomalous results. Key words: Mediterranean fruit flysynthetic sex pheromones
Glycosylation of Therapeutic IgGs (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Oligosaccharide Structure and Heterogeneity Assembly and Processing of N-Linked Oligosaccharides on IgG Glycan Analysis of IgG by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Preparation of Homogeneous Fc Glycoforms Influence of Fc Glycosylation on Biological Activities of IgG IgG Glycosylation in Diseases Conclusion Acknowledgments References
Metabolic Flare: Indicator of Hormone Responsiveness in Advanced Breast Cancer (2001)

The functional status of tumor ERs can be characterized in vivo by PET with FDG and FES. The results of PET are predictive of responsiveness to tamoxifen therapy in patients with advanced ER(+) breast cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Pentaphenyltelluronium Salts of Perchlorate and Tetrakis{3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}borate: Hypervalent Onium Compounds. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
What Makes You Click: An Empirical Analysis of Online Dating ⁄ (2005)

This paper uses a novel data set obtained from a major online dating service to draw inferences on mate preferences and the match outcomes of the site users. The data set contains detailed information on user attributes such as income, education, physique, and attractiveness, as well as information on the users&amp;apos; religion, political inclination, etc. The data set also contains a detailed record of all online activities of the users. In particular, we know whether a site member approaches a potential mate and receives a reply, and we have some limited information on the content of the exchanged e-mails. A drawback of the data set is that we do not observe any &amp;quot;offline&amp;quot; activities. We first compare the reported demographic characteristics of the site users to the characteristics of the population-at-large. We then discuss the conditions under which the user&amp;apos;s observed behavior reveals their mate preferences. We estimate these preferences and relate them to own and partner attributes. Finally, we predict the equilibrium structure of matches based on the preference estimates and a simple matching protocol, and compare the resulting sorting along attributes such as income and education to observed online matches and actual marriages in the U.S.
In Vitro Identification of Single CD34+CD38− Cells With Both Lymphoid and Myeloid Potential (1998)

Human hematopoietic stem cells are pluripotent, ie, capable of producing both lymphoid and myeloid progeny, and are therefore used for transplantation and gene therapy. An in vitro culture system was developed to study the multi-lineage developmental potential of a candidate human hematopoietic stem cell population, CD34+CD38− cells. CD34+CD38− cells cocultivated on the murine stromal line S17 generated predominantly CD19+ B-cell progenitors. Transfer of cells from S17 stroma to myeloid-specific conditions (“switch culture”) showed that a fraction of the immunophenotypically uncommitted CD19− cells generated on S17 stroma had myeloid potential (defined by expression of CD33 and generation of colony-forming unit-cells). Using the switch culture system, single CD34+CD38− cells were assessed for their lymphoid and myeloid potential. Nineteen of 50 (38%) clones generated from single CD34+CD38− cells possessed both B-lymphoid and myeloid potential. 94.7% of the CD34+CD38− cells with lympho-myeloid potential were late-proliferating (clonal appearance after 30 days), demonstrating that pluripotentiality is detected significantly more often in quiescent progenitors than in cytokine-responsive cells (P = .00002). The S17/switch culture system permits the in vitro assessment of the pluripotentiality of single human hematopoietic cells.
Dramatic tissue-specific mutation length increases are an early molecular event in Huntington disease pathogenesis (2003)

Huntington disease is caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat encoding an extended glutamine tract in a protein called huntingtin. Although the mutant protein is widely expressed, the earliest and most striking neuropathological changes are observed in the striatum. Here we show dramatic mutation length increases (gains of up to 1000 CAG repeats) in human striatal cells early in the disease course, most likely before the onset of pathological cell loss. Studies of knock-in HD mouse models indicate that the size of the initial CAG repeat mutation may influence both onset and tissue-specific patterns of age-dependent, expansion-biased mutation length variability. Given that CAG repeat length strongly correlates with clinical severity, we suggest that somatic increases of mutation length may play a major role in the progressive nature and cell-selective aspects of both adult-onset and juvenile-onset HD pathogenesis and we discuss the implications of this interpretation of the data presented.
Hereditary platelet function disorder from RASGRP2 gene mutations encoding CalDAG-GEFI identified by whole-exome sequencing in a Korean woman with severe bleeding (2019)

Hereditary platelet function disorder from RASGRP2 gene mutations encoding CalDAG-GEFI identified by whole-exome sequencing in a Korean woman with severe bleeding
G. Marconi Orbiter and the Mars Relay Network (2002)

A Mars relay network is being built using relay radios carried by nearly every Mars orbiter. Mars relay network performance has been limited because Mars orbiters are usually designed to support science missions from low, near-polar orbits; their relay functions are of secondary importance in spacecraft and mission design. The ASI/NASA G. Marconi Orbiter (GMO) will be the first Mars orbiter designed primarily for relay support; science experiments on GMO are secondary. Combining a high performance relay payload with a custom relay orbit, GMO can increase the data returned from in-situ missions by an order of magnitude or more. GMO can increase connectivity to in-situ missions from a few minutes (typical of other orbiters) to hours at a time, offering much greater operational flexibility and resilience and enabling new relay services.
Advanced Methods for Steady-State Analysis and Design of Switching Power Converter Systems (2016)

Current development trends in the area of switching power converters such as rising integration, increasing power density, and the growing complexity of power converter systems have indicated a strong need for a new class of simulation tools which would allow for a complex approach to solve the problems of converter analysis and design.
Spatial optical signal processing multibeam array antennas for both transmission and reception (1997)

The application of optical or photonics technology to microwave array antennas in the signal processing and beam formation has been studied previously. But so far there are only few practical systems reported on multibeam applications. An optical signal processing array antenna for both multibeam transmission and reception is proposed by using parallel optical processing and optical heterodyne techniques. The structure and working principle for the proposed optical processing array antenna are given. The receive mode of this antenna by using plural local signals generated by optical processor is shown. To support the antenna design, an experimental setup for a 2-beam array antenna at the Ku-band frequency is demonstrated. Measured amplitude and phase distributions of optical excitation have a very good agreement with the calculated data.
Universal Quantum Walk Control Plane for Quantum Networks (2023)

Quantum networks are complex systems formed by the interaction among quantum processors through quantum channels. Analogous to classical computer networks, quantum networks allow for the distribution of quantum operations among quantum processors. In this work, we describe a Quantum Walk Control Protocol (QWCP) to perform distributed quantum operations in a quantum network. We consider a generalization of the discrete-time coined quantum walk model that accounts for the interaction between quantum walks in the network graph with quantum registers inside the network nodes. QWCP allows for the implementation of networked quantum services, such as distributed quantum computing and entanglement distribution, abstracting hardware implementation and the transmission of quantum information through channels. Multiple interacting quantum walks can be used to propagate entangled control signals across the network in parallel. We demonstrate how to use QWCP to perform distributed multi-qubit controlled gates, which shows the universality of the protocol for distributed quantum computing. Furthermore, we apply the QWCP to the task of entanglement distribution in a quantum network.
A Fully Integrated Ultra-Low Insertion Loss T/R Switch for 802.11b/g/n Application in 90 nm CMOS Process (2009)

A 30 dBm ultra-low insertion loss CMOS transmit-receive switch fully integrated with an 802.11b/g/n transceiver front-end is demonstrated. The switch achieves an insertion loss of 0.4 dB in transmit mode and 0.1 dB in receive mode. The entire receiver chain from antenna to baseband output achieves a measured noise figure of 3.6 dB at 2.4 GHz. The switch has a P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> greater than 30 dBm by employing a substrate isolation technique without using deep n-well technology. The switch employs a 1.2 V supply and occupies 0.02 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of die area.
The Application of the Mitscherlich Equation for the Calculation of Plant Composition Due to Fertilizer Increments (1956)

Abstract The equation introduced by Mitscherlich has been generally used to express nutrient‐yield relationships as follows: y = A(1—e ‐eb‐ex ) This paper reports an attempt to apply such a curve to soil nutrient‐plant composition relationships, using the wheat plant. For this study soils deficient in phosphorus were selected in four different soil areas. All nutrients were supplied in adequate amounts except phosphorus which was added in five increments as superphosphate (0‐45‐0). Wheat grain was analyzed for phosphorus and the constants for the above equation, after Bray's modification, were established. The equation arrived at was y = 0.5834 (l—e ‐0.03296b‐0.002097x ) where y is percent phosphorus in the grain, in the presence of x pounds of P 2 O 5 and b pounds of soil phosphorus as determined by the soil test. The equation, besides expressing quantitatively the soil nutrient‐plant composition relationship, may provide a means to differentiate between the amount of the nutrient taken up by the plant from the soil sources and that from the added fertilizer sources. The relative magnitude of the efficiency factors may be considered as a quantitative measure for the net relative availability of the nutrient forms involved. It may serve to predict the soil phosphorus level through the plant composition or vice versa.