gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of NMR and GC-MS data on the hydrogen-donor potential of process solvents used in coal liquefaction (1989)

An integrated analytical approach using compound class separations, NMR and GC-MS in conjunction with catalytic and sulphur dehydrogenation and low temperature hydrogenation has been applied to investigate the distribution of H-donor groups in a typical coal liquefaction process solvent. The NMR results include both hydrogen which is easily donated as well as hydrogen contained in poor H-donor naphtheno-aromatic compounds; GC-MS data indicate that these poor donors are principally acenaphthenes/benzoindans and their homologues. Hence, an array of techniques must be used to evaluate donor potential of liquefaction solvents. 10 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Druckbelastetes Rohr (2012)

Zu den wenigen relativ elementar berechenbaren Deformations- und Spannungszuständen in elastischen Körpern gehören die von rotationssymmetrisch belasteten, kreiszylindrischen Rohren, die auch für die technische Praxis relevant sind.
Impact of Crop Diversification on Rural Poverty in Nepal (2017)

Abstract Crop diversification into high‐value crops (HVCs) can be an important strategy to augment income, generate employment, and reduce poverty in developing countries. We study the impact of crop diversification (share of production value obtained from the HVCs) on household (HH) welfare measures in Nepal. We use three rounds of the nationally representative Nepal Living Standard Surveys: NLSS I (1994/95), NLSS II (2004/05), and NLSS III (2010/11). The dose–response function, propensity score matching, and instrumental variable techniques are used to estimate the impact of crop diversification. Results show the positive impact of HVCs on the monthly per capita consumption expenditure and poverty outcomes. Among HVCs growers, HHs growing vegetables have the better welfare outcomes. While establishing the relationship between degree of agricultural diversity and poverty measures, we find that the marginal farmers need to at least derive 35% of the share of revenue from HVCs to escape from poverty.
Modeling of dynamic and steady-state shallow fluidized bed coal combustors. Effects of feeder distribution (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModeling of dynamic and steady-state shallow fluidized bed coal combustors. Effects of feeder distributionK. Tojo, C. C. Chang, and L. T. FanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1981, 20, 3, 411–416Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200014a001https://doi.org/10.1021/i200014a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Circulating heat shock protein and heat shock protein antibody levels in established hypertension (2002)

This study demonstrates elevated levels of selected heat shock protein antibodies in subjects with hypertension. Although the association between heat shock protein antibody levels and human cardiovascular stress/disease appears to be robust, the relationship of the latter with heat shock protein levels is more complex. Further studies are required before the factors inducing, and the clinical significance of, circulating heat shock proteins can be evaluated.
Isolation ofChlamydia pneumoniaefrom a Carotid Endarterectomy Specimen (1997)

Chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by both seroepidemiologic studies and direct detection of the organism in atherosclerotic plaque by electron microscopy (EM), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Despite the frequent detection of the organism in atheromatous cardiovascular specimens by these methods, only 1 cardiovascular isolate of C. pneumoniae, obtained from a coronary artery, has been previously reported. This study reports the isolation of C. pneumoniae from a prospectively obtained carotid endarterectomy specimen. The organism appears to be identical to other C. pneumoniae isolates by EM morphology, reactivity to species-specific monoclonal antibodies, and Southern hybridization analysis of chromosomal digests using C. pneumoniae-specific DNA probes. C. pneumoniae was detected by PCR or ICC (or both) in 11 (69%) of 16 other endarterectomy specimens tested by both of these methods. These results provide further evidence for an association of C. pneumoniae and atherosclerosis by confirming the presence of viable bacteria within atherosclerotic plaque.
Negative‐Pressure Soft Linear Actuator with a Mechanical Advantage (2016)

Soft linear actuators are useful for making collaborative machines (e.g., machines that interact safely with people in continuous, transitory, intentional, and incidental contact) and in designing biomimetic robots based on animals. Here, a new type of soft linear actuator that uses negative pressure (vacuum) for its actuation and generates a mechanical advantage to amplify force is demonstrated. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Formation of Iodo-Trihalomethanes during Disinfection and Oxidation of Iodide-Containing Waters (2000)

The formation of iodo-trihalomethanes (I-THMs) such as iodoform (CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) during oxidative treatment of iodide-containing drinking waters can be responsible for taste and odor problems. I-THMs are formed by reactions of hypoiodous acid (HOI) with natural organic matter. HOI is quickly formed from naturally occurring iodide (I&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) by oxidation with ozone, chlorine, or chloramine. The kinetics of reactions of HOI with organic model compounds as well as the resulting CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; formation were measured. Substituted phenols, phenol, and, to a smaller extent, α-methyl carbonyl compounds were found to be reactive toward HOI and: also to yield CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Resorcinol (&lt;I&gt;m&lt;/I&gt;-hydroxyphenol) had the highest yield of CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. The kinetics of I-THM formation were also measured in natural waters which were oxidatively treated with ozone, chlorine, or chloramine. When ozone was used, no I-THMs were detected and ≥90% of I&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; was transformed to IO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;. Chlorine led to the formation of both IO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; and I-THMs. With increasing chlorine doses, the CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; formation decreased, whereas IO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; formation, as well as the formation of classical THMs such as chloroform, increased. In chloramination processes, I-THMs (especialliiy CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)were the main products. The CHI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; formation in the oxidation of natural waters increased in the order O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; NH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cl.
Fe,N Co-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Nanosheets for Oxygen Reduction (2020)

Carbon nanomaterials codoped with transition metal and nitrogen have appeared as one of the most potential candidates to replace noble metal-based oxygen reduction catalyst. However, it remains a challenge to achieve precise and convenient control over the structural parameters on carbon materials for optimal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) efficiency. Herein, a straightforward and feasible pore-forming method for fabricating mesoporous carbon nanosheets codoped with transition metal and nitrogen was rationally designed by tactfully introducing zinc nitrate into the carbonization process. When applied for catalyzing ORR, iron and nitrogen codoped mesoporous carbon nanosheets synthesized with the aid of zinc nitrate displayed a half-wave potential of 0.92 V, which was significantly better than the catalyst synthesized without zinc nitrate and commercial Pt/C catalyst. A typical catalyst was methanol tolerable and showed only 8% current decay under alkaline condition after 50 000 s. The vital roles of zinc nitrate in developing high-performance ORR catalysts were also unraveled.
Autoantibodies against bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in patients with cystic fibrosis (1996)

Cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder, is characterized by chronic pulmonary infection/inflammation which leads to respiratory failure. The presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) has previously been observed in the sera of patients with CF. In view of the known relationship of ANCA with primary vasculitis and of their putative pathogenetic role in these disorders, we studied the presence, specificity and isotype of ANCA and their clinical associations in 66 adult CF patients. None of the 66 CF samples had autoantibodies to the major ANCA antigens, proteinase 3 or myeloperoxidase. However, 60/66 (91%) CF samples contained IgG, and 55/66 (83%) IgA, autoantibodies to bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), a recently-characterized ANCA specificity. All the IgA anti-BPI-positive samples were also IgG anti-BPI-positive. The autoantibody specificity was confirmed by inhibition assay and immunoblotting of CF sera against a neutrophil granule preparation. Furthermore, in this cross-sectional study, anti-BPI levels were inversely correlated with the observed reductions in FEV1 and FVC (IgA anti-BPI & FEV1: r = -0.508, p < 0.0001), and both IgG and IgA anti-BPI levels were higher in CF patients with secondary vasculitis (n = 6) than in those without (p < 0.05). ANCA with specificity for BPI were present in the majority of CF sera in this study and autoimmune processes may be associated with the development of pulmonary injury in CF.
DWI Intensity Values Predict FLAIR Lesions in Acute Ischemic Stroke (2014)

An easily assessable DWI-rSI threshold identifies the presence of lesions in FLAIR-imaging with good accuracy and is associated with time-from-stroke-onset in acute stroke. This finding underlines the potential of a DWI-rSI threshold as a marker of lesion age.
A new approach for Boolean function minimization (2002)

In this paper we present a new approach for Boolean function minimization. We introduce a new representation for sum of two terms that can be used to perform traditional Boolean minimization (ex. AB+AB~=A) as well as terms of the type ABC+A~B~C~. We call these terms as CTERMs. We introduce rules to combine CTERMS that would lead to new minimization algorithm. Since the minimization includes sum of products, EXOR, EXNOR and other complex terms, fewer terms are needed to represent a given Boolean function resulting in a near optimal representation. The minimization algorithm is implemented in PERL programming language.
Learning user clicks in web search (2007)

Machine learning for predicting user clicks in Webbased search offers automated explanation of user activity. We address click prediction in the Web search scenario by introducing a method for click prediction based on observations of past queries and the clicked documents. Due to the sparsity of the problem space, commonly encountered when learning for Web search, new approaches to learn the probabilistic relationship between documents and queries are proposed. Two probabilistic models are developed, which differ in the interpretation of the query-document co-occurrences. A novel technique, namely, conditional probability hierarchy, flexibly adjusts the level of granularity in parsing queries, and, as a result, leverages the advantages of both models. 1
Silver nanowires for highly reproducible cantilever based AFM-TERS microscopy: towards a universal TERS probe (2018)

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) microscopy is a unique analytical tool to provide complementary chemical and topographic information of surfaces with nanometric resolution. However, difficulties in reliably producing the necessary metallized scanning probe tips has limited its widespread utilisation, particularly in the case of cantilever-based atomic force microscopy. Attempts to alleviate tip related issues using colloidal or bottom-up engineered tips have so far not reported consistent probes for both Raman and topographic imaging. Here we demonstrate the reproducible fabrication of cantilever-based high-performance TERS probes for both topographic and Raman measurements, based on an approach that utilises noble metal nanowires as the active TERS probe. The tips show 10 times higher TERS contrasts than the most typically used electrochemically-etched tips, and show a reproducibility for TERS greater than 90%, far greater than found with standard methods. We show that TERS can be performed in tapping as well as contact AFM mode, with optical resolutions around or below 15 nm, and with a maximum resolution achieved in tapping-mode of 6 nm. Our work illustrates that superior TERS probes can be produced in a fast and cost-effective manner using simple wet-chemistry methods, leading to reliable and reproducible high-resolution and high-sensitivity TERS, and thus renders the technique applicable for a broad community.
Can amyotrophic lateral sclerosis chronically elevate troponin T? (2015)

SedmapadesĂĄtiletĂĄ Ĺžena s progresivnĂ­ amyotrofickou laterĂĄlnĂ­ sklerĂłzou (ALS) byla opakovanÄ bÄhem ÄtyĹ let vyĹĄetĹena pro atypickĂŠ bolesti na hrudi. JejĂ­ vstupnÄ normĂĄlnĂ­ koncentrace srdeÄnĂ­ho troponinu T (cTnT) byla progresivnÄ vĂ­ce elevovĂĄna bÄhem jednotlivĂ˝ch dalĹĄĂ­ch hospitalizacĂ­, aniĹž by bylo pĹĂ­tomno zjevnĂŠ srdeÄnĂ­ onemocnÄnĂ­ nebo bylo k dispozici jinĂŠ vysvÄtlenĂ­ pro zvĂ˝ĹĄenĂ­ cTnT. V pĹĂ­padÄ tĂŠto jednĂŠ pacientky se zdĂĄlo, Ĺže zvyĹĄujĂ­cĂ­ se koncentrace cTnT korelujĂ­ s progresĂ­ ALS.
Dynamik von MEMS-Bausteinen berührungslos charakterisieren (Non-contact Characterization of MEMS Dynamics) (2005)

Abstract Ein neues kombiniertes Messverfahren eröffnet wichtige Analysemöglichkeiten für Mikrosysteme. Mit Hilfe der im Out-of-plane-Bereich extrem empfindlichen Laser-Doppler-Technik werden auf Grund von immer vorhandenen parasitären Kopplungen auch In-plane-Resonanzen identifiziert. Mittels Videostroboskopie können die In-plane-Schwingungen dann genau vermessen werden. Der sich letztendlich ergebende Datensatz mit In-plane- und Out-of-plane-Daten ist äußerst wichtig für den Abgleich von Simulationsmodellen zur Modalanalyse von Mikrosystemen.
Genetic and epigenetic factors in autoimmune reactions toward cytochrome P4502E1 in alcoholic liver disease (2003)

Autoimmune reactions are often associated with alcoholic liver disease; however, the mechanisms responsible are largely unknown. This study investigates the potential role of the immune response against hydroxyethyl free radical (HER)-derived antigens and of polymorphisms in immunoregulatory genes in the development of anti-cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) autoantibodies in alcohol abusers. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) recognizing human CYP2E1 and HER-derived epitopes were measured by microplate immunosorbent assay in the sera of 90 patients with alcoholic fibrosis/cirrhosis (ALD), 37 heavy drinkers without liver disease or steatosis only (HD), and 59 healthy subjects. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the interleukin 10 (IL-10) promoter and in exon 1 of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The titers and frequency of anti-CYP2E1 autoantibodies were significantly higher in ALD than in HD subjects or controls. ALD patients with anti-HER IgG had higher titers and a 4-fold increased risk (OR: 4.4 [1.8-10.9]) of developing anti-CYP2E1 autoantibodies than subjects without anti-HER antibodies. The mutant CTLA-4 G allele, but not the IL-10 polymorphism, was associated with an enhanced risk of developing anti-CYP2E1 IgG (OR: 3.8 [1.4-10.3]). CTLA-4 polymorphism did not influence antibody formation toward HER-antigens. ALD patients with concomitant anti-HER IgG and the CTLA-4 G allele had a 22-fold higher (OR: 22.9 [4.2-125.6]) risk of developing anti-CYP2E1 autoreactivity than subjects negative for these factors. In conclusion, antigenic stimulation by HER-modified CYP2E1 combined with an impaired control of T-cell proliferation by CTLA-4 mutation promotes the development of anti-CYP2E1 autoantibodies that might contribute to alcohol-induced liver injury.
Procédé de synthèse de carbonate de diméthyle utilisant le dioxyde de carbone supercritique : étude et modélisation du fractionnement du mélange réactionnel (2000)

Ce travail presente l'etude du fractionnement du melange co 2/methanol/dmc/eau par un procede semi-continu utilisant le co 2 supercritique. Il s'inscrit dans le cadre plus large de la conception d'un procede de synthese de carbonate de dimethyle (dmc) par carbonatation du methanol par le co 2 supercritique. En raison des conditions operatoires et de la nature des composes mis en jeu, la modelisation du comportement thermodynamique du melange a ete realisee en utilisant l'equation d'etat de soave, redlich et kwong associee aux regles de melange mhv-2. L'absence de donnees dans la litterature sur les equilibres de phases des melanges binaires impliquant le dmc a necessite leur obtention experimentale. Le fractionnement du melange quaternaire a ete etudie experimentalement sur un pilote de type extracteur-separateurs classiquement utilise pour les operations d'extraction supercritique (pilote separex, contacteur de 200 cm 3 et 3 separateurs cycloniques en serie). Un modele de representation du fonctionnement de ce pilote en regime dynamique a ete developpe, et confronte a la realite experimentale. Une methode simplifiee de resolution des bilans dynamiques a ete proposee et validee par rapport a une resolution rigoureuse des equations. La description du procede, reposant sur le concept d'etage theorique d'equilibre, s'est averee pertinente dans le cas du contacteur, alors que les resultats sont moins satisfaisants pour les separateurs. Une modelisation plus adaptee a la technologie de ces derniers a ete proposee. Malgre cette amelioration, un ecart non negligeable persiste entre predictions et observations experimentales. Les conclusions de ce travail, issues de l'experimentation et de la modelisation, amenent a penser que ce
Long-Term Effects of Intracoronary β-Radiation in Balloon- and Stent-Injured Porcine Coronary Arteries (2001)

In the long-term (6 month) porcine model of restenosis, the inhibition by intracoronary beta-radiotherapy of the neointimal formation that is known to be present at 1 month is not sustained. This lack of effect on neointimal formation after balloon and stent arterial injury is accompanied by subacute and late thrombosis that leads to cardiac death on a background of continuous aspirin but relatively brief ticlopidine treatment.
Detection of NAD(P)H-dependent enzyme activity with dynamic luminescence quenching of terbium complexes (2015)

We discovered that positively charged terbium complexes bearing 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane functionalized with amide ligands are highly sensitive to dynamic luminescence quenching by NAD(P)H. We exploited this phenomenon to establish a general time-resolved luminescence-based assay platform for sensitive detection of NAD(P)H-dependent enzyme activities.
Integrated model of productivity and quality in serial production lines with repairs: Performance evaluation and bottleneck identification (2013)

In this paper, an integrated model of productivity and quality in serial production lines with repairs is introduced. Analytical methods based on overlapping decomposition approach have been developed to estimate line production rate of conforming parts. In addition, identification methods based on the data on the factory floor to detect both downtime and quality bottlenecks are presented.
Nonequilibrium Plasma‐Activated Antimicrobial Solutions are Broad‐Spectrum and Retain their Efficacies for Extended Period of Time (2013)

Abstract By applying dielectric‐barrier discharge nonthermal plasma technique, we have treated fluids and generated antimicrobial solutions, tested for properties such as changes in pH, temperature, delay time, holding time, fluid‐aging, and detection and comparison of acid and hydrogen peroxide. All plasma‐treated solutions showed strong biocidal activity, and among them, NAC solution was the most powerful, inactivated biofilms of tested microorganisms in 15 min of holding time. During accelerated aging experiments, plasma‐treated NAC solution exhibited the equivalent of two years of shelf. These results indicate that it retained its antimicrobial properties for an extended period against a wide range of multidrug‐resistant pathogens, making it an excellent candidate for further testing in vivo. magnified image
Redox control of Cas phosphorylation requires Abl kinase in regulation of intestinal epithelial cell spreading and migration (2016)

Intestinal wounds often occur during inflammatory and ischemic disorders of the gut. To repair damage, intestinal epithelial cells must rapidly spread and migrate to cover exposed lamina propria, events that involve redox signaling. Wounds are subject to extensive redox alterations, particularly resulting from H2O2 produced in the adjacent tissue by both the epithelium and emigrating leukocytes. The mechanisms governing these processes are not fully understood, particularly at the level of protein signaling. Crk-associated substrate, or Cas, is an important signaling protein known to modulate focal adhesion and actin cytoskeletal dynamics, whose association with Crk is regulated by Abl kinase, a ubiquitously expressed tyrosine kinase. We sought to evaluate the role of Abl regulation of Cas at the level of cell spreading and migration during wound closure. As a model, we used intestinal epithelial cells exposed to H2O2 or scratch wounded to assess the Abl-Cas signaling pathway. We characterized the localization of phosphorylated Cas in mouse colonic epithelium under baseline conditions and after biopsy wounding the mucosa. Analysis of actin and focal adhesion dynamics by microscopy or biochemical analysis after manipulating Abl kinase revealed that Abl controls redox-dependent Cas phosphorylation and localization to influence cell spreading and migration. Collectively, our data shed new light on redox-sensitive protein signaling modules controlling intestinal wound healing.