gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The study of electroactive block copolymer containing aniline pentamer isolated from different solvents Part A Polymer chemistry (2009)

For the films and powder of polymers containing conductive oligomer are usually obtained from solution, the choice of better solvents for the regular arrangement of oligomers is very important for the higher conductivity. Because of the poor solubility of the oligomers, it is difficult to study the arrangement directly in most common solvents, so, we synthesized a triblock copolymer, mPEG2k-aniline pentamer-mPEG2k, as the model to investigate the arrangement-solvent relationship. For the poor solubility of the AP block in common solvents, the copolymer self-assembled into spheric micelles in toluene and into lamellar crystals in water and THF. The crystallinity (Xc) and crystallization temperature (Tc) values of mPEG blocks in powders prepared from different solvents differed obviously, which may be the effect of different self-assembled structures. From the two-phase model of one-dimensional electron density correlation function of SAXS, the long period of copolymer prepared from THF was presumably equal to the long period of pure mPEG plus the chain length of AP, which demonstrates that the AP blocks arrange regularly in the noncrystalline regions. In the selected solvents, the ones with higher polarity and better solubility induced more regular arrangement of AP blocks, which may be useful for choosing solvents for preparation of higher conductivity polymers' films containing aniline oligomers.
Enhanced vertical ordering of block copolymer films by tuning molecular mass (2015)

An orientation transition with increasing BCP molecular mass from a parallel to a perpendicular orientation.
Computational simulation of damping in composite structures (1989)

ABSTRACT: A computational methodology is developed for the prediction of passive damping in composite structures. The method involves multiple levels of damping model-ling by integrating micromechanics, laminate, and structural damping theories. The effects of temperature and moisture on structural damping are included. The simulation of damp-ing in the structural level is accomplished with finite-element discretization. Applications are performed on graphite/epoxy composite beams, plates, and shells to illustrate the methodology. Additional parametric studies demonstrate the variation of structural modal damping with respect to ply angles, fiber volume ratio, and temperature.
Crystal structure of TGF‐β2 refined at 1.8 Å resolution (1993)

The crystal structure of TGF-beta 2 has been refined using data collected with synchrotron radiation (CHESS) to 1.8 A resolution with a residual R (= sigma magnitude of Fo-magnitude of Fc/sigma magnitude of Fo) factor of 17.3%. The model consists of 890 protein atoms from all 112 residues and 59 water molecules. The monomer of TGF-beta 2 assumes a rather extended conformation and lacks a well-defined hydrophobic core. Surface accessibility calculations show only 44% of the nonpolar surface is buried in the monomer. In contrast, 55.8% of the nonpolar surface area is buried when the two monomers form a dimer, a typical value for globular proteins. This includes a 1300 A2 buried interface area that is largely hydrophobic. Sequence comparisons using a profile derived from the refined TGF-beta 2 structure suggest that the cluster of four disulfides (three intramonomeric disulfide bonds 15-78, 44-109, 48-111 forming a disulfide knot, and one intermonomeric disulfide 77-77) together with the extended beta strand region constitutes the conserved structural motif for the TGF-beta superfamily. This structural motif, without the 77-77 disulfide bond, defines also the common fold for a general family of growth factors, including the nerve growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor families. The fold is conserved only at the monomer level, while the active forms are dimers, suggesting that dimerization plays an important role in regulating the binding of these cytokines to their receptors and in modulating the biological responses.
Acoustomagnetic pulse experiments in LiNbO3∕Mn12 hybrids (2005)

We report here on the influence of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) on the magnetization of a Mn12-acetate single crystal. The crystal was mounted on the surface of a piezoelectric LiNbO3 substrate containing an interdigital transducer for the excitation of SAWs. The magnetization of the crystal was measured using a rf superconducting quantum interference device with a time resolution of 1μs. The piezoelectric material was excited by SAW pulses of different frequencies produced by applying microwave pulses to the transducer. Our data show that molecular magnets onto the LiNbO3 surface can be used as very sensitive detectors of the SAW frequency and intensity.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) for Underwater Acoustic Communication (2018)

In this paper we investigate the application of the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique for multiuser underwater acoustic (UWA) communication. The NOMA scheme can be implemented using either orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or filterbank multicarrier (FBMC) modulation for waveform shaping. In order to boost the throughput over a 1 km time-varying underwater acoustic channel (UAC), spatially multiplexed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are considered. We evaluate the bit error rate (BER), packet error rate (PER) and maximum bit rate performances of Turbo-coded NOMA-OFDM and NOMA-FBMC systems for a 2-user scenario where both users utilize the same frequency bandwidth. It is shown that while both the NOMA-OFDM and NOMA-FBMC systems show comparable performance in terms of BER and PER, the MIMO NOMA-FBMC system however achieves higher bit rates than the OFDM-based system.
698 Targeting HLA-G-mediated immunosuppression with a first-in-class antagonist antibody (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is an immune checkpoint molecule that belongs to the non-classical HLA-class I family of receptors. HLA-G restrains immune cell activation and effector function by engaging with inhibitory receptors ILT2 and ILT4. While expression of HLA-G is highly restricted under normal healthy conditions, we have demonstrated that its expression in cancer is aberrantly upregulated and broadly detected across a variety of tumor types. Tizona Therapeutics has generated a novel, fully human antibody that specifically targets HLA-G and reverses HLA-G-mediated immunosuppression. Here we present in vitro and in vivo data demonstrating the functional impact of HLA-G blockade on immune cells and evidence to support the use of TTX-080 in the clinic to treat patients with advanced solid tumors. <h3>Methods</h3> Evaluation of HLA-G expression in cancer was performed using immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and gene profiling. Expression of ILT2 and ILT4 was assessed on tumor infiltrating leukocytes by flow cytometry. To demonstrate the suppressive function of HLA-G, primary human NK cells, T cells, and monocyte-derived macrophages were cultured with target cells expressing HLA-G. TTX-080 was then evaluated for its ability to reverse this suppression. In addition, TTX-080 was investigated in vivo using a disseminated xenograft tumor model. <h3>Results</h3> Expression of HLA-G was detected on tumor cells and tumor infiltrating leukocytes across a variety of solid tumor types. TTX-080 blocked interaction of HLA-G with both ILT2 and ILT4 and restored cytotoxicity in multiple assays using either primary NK cells or NKL cell lines. Monocyte-derived macrophages expressing ILT2 and ILT4 exhibited decreased phagocytosis of HLA-G<sup>+</sup> target cells; this inhibition was reversed with an antigen-binding fragment of TTX-080. TTX-080 was also able to reverse HLA-G-mediated suppression of ILT2<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells as assessed by degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Notably, mice with disseminated tumors had extended median survival when treated with a single dose of TTX-080. <h3>Conclusions</h3> TTX-080 reverses HLA-G-mediated suppression of ILT2<sup>+</sup> and ILT4<sup>+</sup> immune cells that are found within the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of HLA-G using TTX-080 therefore has the potential to reverse broad immune suppression in patients with advanced solid tumors by reinvigorating CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, enhancing NK cytolytic activity, and increasing macrophage phagocytosis.
Visualization of a Limonene Synthesis Metabolon inside Living Bacteria by Hyperspectral SRS Microscopy (2022)

Abstract Metabolons consisting of cellular structure elements and sequential metabolic enzymes are expected to be involved in diverse biological processes. However, direct visualization of metabolons in prokaryotic cells is still challenging. In this study, we report direct visualization of concentrated subcellular regions of limonene synthesis inside single engineered Escherichia coli by using hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (hSRS) microscopy. Equipped with spectral unmixing, hSRS imaging provides a reliable method to quantify intracellular limonene content. In E. coli strains with a complete limonene synthesis pathway, intracellular limonene is found locally concentrated and colocalized with proteins. Furthermore, dual-modality SRS and two-photon fluorescence imaging showed colocalization of limonene and GFP-fused limonene synthase. Significance Statement Monitoring biosynthesis activity at the single-cell level is key to metabolic engineering but is still difficult to achieve in a label-free manner. Using hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering imaging in the 670-900 cm −1 region, we visualized localized limonene synthesis inside engineered E. coli . The colocalization of limonene and GFP-fused limonene synthase was confirmed by co-registered stimulated Raman scattering and two-photon fluorescence images. Our finding suggests a limonene synthesis metabolon with a polar distribution inside the cells. This finding expands our knowledge of de novo limonene biosynthesis in engineered bacteria and highlights the potential of SRS chemical imaging in metabolic engineering research.
Outcomes of Autologous Fascia Pubovaginal Sling for Patients with Transvaginal Mesh Related Complications Requiring Mesh Removal (2016)

Autologous fascial pubovaginal sling placement after synthetic mesh removal can be performed successfully in patients with stress urinary incontinence as a single or staged procedure.
Wedge-Splitting Test on Carbon-Containing Refractories at High Temperatures (2019)

The mode I fracture behavior of ordinary refractory materials is usually tested with the wedge-splitting test. At elevated temperatures, the optical displacement measurement is difficult because of the convection in the furnace and possible reactions of refractory components with the ambient atmosphere. The present paper introduces a newly developed testing device, which is able to perform such experiments up to 1500 °C. For the testing of carbon-containing refractories a gas purging, for example, with argon, is possible. Laser speckle extensometers are applied for the displacement measurement. A carbon-containing magnesia refractory (MgO–C) was selected for a case study. Based on the results obtained from tests, fracture mechanical parameters such as the specific fracture energy and the nominal notch tensile strength were calculated. An inverse simulation procedure applying the finite element method yields tensile strength, the total specific fracture energy, and the strain-softening behavior. Additionally, the creep behavior was also considered for the evaluation.
UTILIZATION OF INTEGRATED PROCESS CONTROL, DATA CAPTURE, SYSTEMS * (2003)

Jefferson Lab has developed a web-based system that integrates commercial database, data analysis, document archiving and retrieval, and user interface software into a coherent knowledge management product called Punsophy. Punsophy provides key tools for the successful pursuit of major projects such as accelerator system development and construction by offering elements of process and procedure control, data capture and review, and data mining and analysis. Today, Punsophy is used in Jefferson Lab's SNS superconducting linac construction effort as a means for structuring and implementing the QA program, for process control and tracking, and for cryomodule test data capture and presentationlanalysis. Development of Pansophy continues, with improvements to data queries and analysis functions that are the cornerstone of its utility. In this paper the present configuration and operational environment of Pansophy is described, along with future development goals. Additionally, specific examples of its use in an accelerator construction project will be presented.
Synthesis and antiinflammatory activities of 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrrolidin-2-ones (1987)

A series of 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrrolidin-2-ones was synthesized and evaluated as candidate antiinflammatory/analgesic agents as well as dual inhibitors of prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Some compounds that showed dual inhibitory activity were found to possess equipotent antiinflammatory activities to indomethacin, with reduced ulcerogenic effects. One of the compounds, N-methoxy-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrrolidin-2-o ne, was found to have a wider safety margin than indomethacin or piroxicam, and was selected for detailed evaluation as a candidate drug for clinical application.
Prognostic Variables for Survival of Neonatal Foals Under Intensive Care (1992)

The costly nature of intensive care for neonatal foals prompted a study of predictive variables for survival in a referral hospital. Applying stepforward logistic regression to parameters that differed significantly (P less than 0.10) between survivors (S) and nonsurvivors (NS) in a retrospective study (n = 56), two variables retained statistical significance [anion gap (AG, P = 0.0047) and venous PO2 (PvO2, P = 0.0342)], thus forming the basis for a predictive equation for survival: the Pn (probability of NS) = eA/(1 + eA) where A = -1.46 - 0.107 (PvO2) + 0.213 (AG). The predictive equation was evaluated prospectively in foals (n = 48), irrespective of diagnosis, that underwent intensive care. Sepsis was the most common medical problem identified in both groups of foals (51/104). In the prospective study, a Pn less than or equal to 0.5 predicted S (positive test) and Pn greater than 0.5 predicted NS (negative test). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the predictive equation were 100%, 40%, 62%, and 100%, respectively. All foals with Pn greater than 0.4 (n = 14) did not survive. Erroneous predictions were consistently false positives (predicted S, outcome NS). The predictive equation for survival may aid in identification of high risk neonates, i.e., unlikely to survive. The prognostic merits of anion gap and PvO2 imply that tissue oxygen debt was a significant problem for these critically ill foals.
Plasma ADMA Predicts Restenosis of Arteriovenous Fistula (2009)

Plasma levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide production, correlate with endothelial dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular events in patients with uremia. It is not known whether endothelial dysfunction contributes to the dysfunction of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in hemodialysis patients. Here, we studied the predictive value of baseline plasma ADMA for symptomatic restenosis of an AVF after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in dialysis patients. We obtained baseline plasma ADMA levels before percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in 100 consecutive patients with dysfunctional AVFs. Patients were followed up clinically for up to 6 mo after angioplasty for recurrent dysfunction. During the 6 mo after angioplasty, 46 patients experienced recurrent dysfunction of their AVF; of these, follow-up fistulography showed restenosis at the same location in 41, new stenosis at different locations in two, and no significant stenosis in three patients. Up to 60% of the patients with high levels of ADMA (>0.910 microM) had target lesion restenosis compared with 25% of those with low levels (<0.910 microM; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, plasma ADMA independently nearly tripled the risk for recurrent symptomatic stenosis of an AVF after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (hazard ratio 2.65; 95% confidence interval 1.33 to 5.28). These results suggest a role for ADMA in the progression of symptomatic restenoses of AVFs after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and call for preventive strategies that target ADMA and/or endothelial dysfunction to decrease the risk for AVF restenosis.
Polarization-independent broadband meta-holograms via polarization-dependent nanoholes (2018)

Composed of ultrathin metal or dielectric nanostructures, metasurfaces can manipulate the phase, amplitude and polarization of electromagnetic waves at a subwavelength scale, which is promising for flat optical devices. In general, metasurfaces composed of space-variant anisotropic units are sensitive to the incident polarization due to the inherent polarization dependent geometric phase. Here, we implement polarization-independent broadband metasurface holograms constructed by polarization-dependent anisotropic elliptical nanoholes by elaborate design of complex amplitude holograms. The fabricated meta-hologram exhibits a polarization insensitive feature with an acceptable image quality. We verify the feasibility of the design algorithm for three-dimensional (3D) meta-holograms with simulation and the feasibility for two-dimensional (2D) meta-holograms is experimentally demonstrated at a broadband wavelength range from 405 nm to 632.8 nm. The effective polarization-independent broadband complex wavefront control with anisotropic elliptical nanoholes proposed in this paper greatly promotes the practical applications of the metasurface in technologies associated with wavefront manipulation, such as flat lens, colorful holographic displays and optical storage.
A Prospective Follow‐Up of Epstein‐Barr VirusLMP1Genotypes in Saliva and Blood during Infectious Mononucleosis (2005)

To monitor multiple Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections during the early and convalescent stages of infectious mononucleosis (IM), a cloning and sequencing study of the LMP1 gene was conducted in saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 23 patients with IM at day 0 (D0) and day 180 (D180) after the onset of the disease. Multiple EBV strains were detected in 9 (39%) of the patients during follow-up, with 7 of 9 cases detected as early as D0. Six of the nine patients harbored the same dominant strain in saliva and PBMCs during follow-up, with a trend toward a restriction of the number of EBV strains in saliva but not in PBMCs at D180. Furthermore, transmission of a minor strain was observed between partners in a heterosexual couple. There was no correlation between multiple infections and EBV DNA load in either compartment.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone Signal Transduction involved in Müllerian Duct Regression (2022)

Over seventy years ago it was proposed that the fetal testis produces a hormone distinct from testosterone that is required for complete male sexual development. At the time the hormone had not yet been identified but was invoked by Alfred Jost to explain why the Müllerian duct, which develops into the female reproductive tract, regresses in the male fetus. That hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and its specific receptor, AMHR2, have now been extensively characterized and belong to the transforming growth factor-β families of protein ligands and receptors involved in growth and differentiation. Much is now known about the downstream events set in motion after AMH engages AMHR2 at the surface of specific Müllerian duct cells and initiates a cascade of molecular interactions that ultimately terminate in the nucleus as activated transcription factors. The signals generated by the AMH signaling pathway are then integrated with signals coming from other pathways and culminate in a complex gene regulatory program that redirects cellular functions and fates and leads to Müllerian duct regression.
Identification of Common Prognostic Gene Expression Signatures with Biological Meanings from Microarray Gene Expression Datasets (2012)

Numerous prognostic gene expression signatures for breast cancer were generated previously with few overlap and limited insight into the biology of the disease. Here we introduce a novel algorithm named SCoR (Survival analysis using Cox proportional hazard regression and Random resampling) to apply random resampling and clustering methods in identifying gene features correlated with time to event data. This is shown to reduce overfitting noises involved in microarray data analysis and discover functional gene sets linked to patient survival. SCoR independently identified a common poor prognostic signature composed of cell proliferation genes from six out of eight breast cancer datasets. Furthermore, a sequential SCoR analysis on highly proliferative breast cancers repeatedly identified T/B cell markers as favorable prognosis factors. In glioblastoma, SCoR identified a common good prognostic signature of chromosome 10 genes from two gene expression datasets (TCGA and REMBRANDT), recapitulating the fact that loss of one copy of chromosome 10 (which harbors the tumor suppressor PTEN) is linked to poor survival in glioblastoma patients. SCoR also identified prognostic genes on sex chromosomes in lung adenocarcinomas, suggesting patient gender might be used to predict outcome in this disease. These results demonstrate the power of SCoR to identify common and biologically meaningful prognostic gene expression signatures.
<title>Human skin image analysis using coherent focused beam scattering</title> (1995)

The analysis of statistical and correlation properties of speckle patterns formed during different skin tissue scanning by the sharply focused probing laser beam has been carried out. The influences of the biotissues' structural features on the speckle patterns formation under Gaussian beam illumination have been investigated. The relationships between the structural characteristics of the sample under study, Rayleigh range of the probing beam and normalized statistical moments of the speckle intensity (contrast and asymmetry coefficient) are discussed for the different scatterer models. A phenomenological model of speckle pattern formation for the large-scale scatterers allows us to explain the dependence of speckle contrast and the coefficient of asymmetry on the generalized structure parameters and illumination conditions for the samples under study. The experimental investigations of the human skin structure features have been carried out using two types of the tissue samples by means of coherent scanning microscopy (CSM). Firstly, D-SQUAME discs (CuDerm Corporation, Texas, USA) have been used for the evaluation of skin dryness level. Secondly, the samples under study were the thin layers of normal and psoriatic epidermis (skin strippings). The dependencies of contrast and coefficient of asymmetry on the beam defocusing parameter and 2D correlation functions of speckle pattern intensity have been analyzed for different zones on the biotissue's surface. Particularly, promising results in skin dryness studies (using D-SQUAME discs) have been obtained. Our results and conventional 5-pattern kit scale are in good agreement. So, the presented method is accurate and objective and may be useful in novel cosmetic research and development.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.