gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The show starts here: viewers’ interactions with recent television serials’ main title sequences (2013)

Recent title sequences for high production value television serials are generally one of two kinds: either extremely minimal, appearing part way through the episode with credits dispersed through the show, or as an extended format of c. ninety seconds’ duration, at or near the start of the show. In a previous book chapter I presented analyses of examples of the latter, arguing that the sequences form an efficient part of the brand image for both the show and commissioning channel. In order to explore the extent to which such sequences are watched or skipped by viewers, and how such decisions are made I organised a series of preliminary focus groups in February 2012 with participants who identified themselves as regular viewers of television serials, the findings of which are presented here. Two forms of stimuli were used: a main title sequence and an end credit sequence from a serial where different music is selected for this sequence for each episode. Analysis of the discussions indicates that the decision to view these sequences is dependent on a variety of factors. While for some the titles are required viewing, the participants in the groups are more likely to persistently view an end credit sequence where the music changes with the episode than an unchanging main title sequence. Perhaps most surprising, given the increase in opportunities for mobile viewing, is that for the participants of these groups television serials continue to be associated with social viewing in a domestic setting.
Gashydrate im Meeresboden (2010)

Natural gas hydrate ist found worldwide in oceanic sediment around continents. The top of the gas hydrate stability zone is between 300-750 m of depths due to hydrate formation at elevated pressures (&gt;60 bar) and low temperatures (&lt;4°C), the availability and movement of methane-super-saturated pore fluids, tectonic contraints, and ocean hydrography. The base decreases with increasing depth in the ocean and depends on the geothermal gradient. It may range from 100s to 1000s of meters belowseaflorr. Methane usually originates from decomposition of organic matter. based on a continuously updated global inventory the current estimate for gas hydrates stands at 10x10x10 and 10x10x10x10 gigations of methane carbon. Varying percentages of this very large reserve are of major interest as a potential energy source. Gas hydrates are also of concern as an accelerating force in global warming and as a potential environmental hazard through submarine slumps. Currently they are vigorously promoted as a long-term and safe CO2-storage option in the form of hydrate.
Suppression of PC expression in MDA-MB-231 retarded proliferation both in glutamine-nourished and glutamine-depleted conditions. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;MDA-MB-231 cells were transiently transfected with PC or scrambled control siRNAs. At 48 h post transfection cells were trypsinized, re-plated and grown in the presence of 0 mM or 4 mM glutamine for 7 days. The proliferation rate of the PC knocked down (PC siRNA) and the control MDA-MB-231 cell lines (Control) grown in the medium containing 4 mM (A) or 0 mM (C) glutamine. The relative expression of PC mRNA in the knocked down MDA-MB-231 cells grown in the presence of 4 mM (B) or 0 mM (D) glutamine throughout the assay. The results are means obtained from two independent experiments, each in triplicate. The statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA test where *&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05, **&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01, ***&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001.&lt;/p&gt;
Met30p, a Yeast Transcriptional Inhibitor That Responds to S -Adenosylmethionine, Is an Essential Protein with WD40 Repeats (1995)

A specific repression mechanism regulates the biosynthesis of sulfur amino acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When the intracellular S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) concentration increases, transcription of the sulfur genes is repressed. Using a specific reporter system, we have isolated mutations impairing the AdoMet-mediated transcriptional regulation of the sulfur network. These mutations identified a new gene, MET30, and were shown to also affect the regulation of the methyl cycle. The MET30 gene was isolated and sequenced. Sequence analysis reveals that Met30p contains five copies of the WD40 motif within its carboxy-terminal part, like the yeast transcriptional repressors Hir1p and Tup1p. We identified one target of Met30p as Met4p, a transcriptional activator regulating the sulfate assimilation pathway. By the two-hybrid method, we showed that Met30p interacts with Met4p and identified a region of Met4p involved in this interaction. Further analysis reveals that expression of Met30p is essential for cell viability.
Differential responses of carbon and water vapor fluxes to climate among evergreen needleleaf forests in the USA (2016)

Understanding the differences in carbon and water vapor fluxes of spatially distributed evergreen needleleaf forests (ENFs) is crucial for accurately estimating regional or global carbon and water budgets and when predicting the responses of ENFs to current and future climate. We compared the fluxes of ten AmeriFlux ENF sites to investigate cross-site variability in net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), and evapotranspiration (ET). We used wavelet cross-correlation analysis to examine responses of NEE and ET to common climatic drivers over multiple timescales and also determined optimum values of air temperature (T a) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) for NEE and ET. We found larger differences in the NEE spectra than in the ET spectra across sites, demonstrating that spatial (site-to-site) variability was larger for NEE than for ET. The NEE and ET were decoupled differently across ENF sites because the wavelet cospectra between ET and climate variables were similar at all sites, while the wavelet cospectra between NEE and climate variables were higher (i.e., closer coupling between NEE and climatic drivers) in semi-arid and Mediterranean sites than in other sites. Ecosystem water use efficiency (EWUE) based on annual GPP/ET ranged from 1.3 ± 0.18 to 4.08 ± 0.62 g C mm−1 ET, while EWUE based on annual net ecosystem production (NEP)/ET ranged from 0.06 ± 0.04 to 1.02 ± 0.16 g C mm−1 ET) among ENFs. Responses of NEE and ET to T a varied across climatic zones. In particular, for ENF sites in semi-arid and Mediterranean climates, the maximum NEE and ET occurred at lower ranges of T a than in sites with warm and humid summers. The optimum T a and VPD values were higher for ET than for NEE, and ET was less sensitive to high values of T a and VPD. Large spatial variability in carbon and water vapor fluxes among ENFs and large variations in responses of NEE and ET to major climate variables among climatic zones necessitate sub-plant functional type parameterization based on climatic zones to better represent climate sensitivity of ENFs and to reduce uncertainty in model predictions.
Efficient management of a telecom network's excess capacity: a traffic-engineering approach (2007)

We utilize a telecom network&apos;s excess capacity to improve its quality-of-service. Our excess capacity management scheme (ECMS) significantly improves connection availabilities and utilization of network capacity when applied to an optical backbone mesh network. (2 pages)
All-fiber dual-wavelength fiber laser operating at 1950 nm region based on multimode interference effect (2014)

An all-fiber dual-wavelength fiber laser operating at room temperature in 1950 nm region is reported. It uses a commercial Thulium-doped fiber (TDF) and homemade double-clad Thulium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber (TYDF) as gain media in conjunction with a multimode interferometer (MMI) filter in a ring configuration. The MMI filter consists of a 13.5 cm long MMF axially spliced at both its ends to identical single mode fibers to realize two transmission peaks at 1939.68 and 1959.60 nm with the maximum extinction ratio based on modal interference. By pumping the TDF and TYDF with a fixed 800 nm and 905 nm pumps at 143 mW and 1.5 W, respectively, dual-wavelength output lines are obtained at these two wavelengths with a signal to noise ratio of more than 27 dB, respectively. The dual-wavelength operation was stable for more than two hours and could be tunable since the laser wavelength is only determined by the function of the MMI filter.
Computational graphs for matrix functions (2021)

Many numerical methods for evaluating matrix functions can be naturally viewed as computational graphs. Rephrasing these methods as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) is a particularly effective approach to study existing techniques, improve them, and eventually derive new ones. The accuracy of these matrix techniques can be characterized by the accuracy of their scalar counterparts, thus designing algorithms for matrix functions can be regarded as a scalar-valued optimization problem. The derivatives needed during the optimization can be calculated automatically by exploiting the structure of the DAG, in a fashion analogous to backpropagation. This paper describes GraphMatFun.jl, a Julia package that offers the means to generate and manipulate computational graphs, optimize their coefficients, and generate Julia, MATLAB, and C code to evaluate them efficiently at a matrix argument. The software also provides tools to estimate the accuracy of a graph-based algorithm and thus obtain numerically reliable methods. For the exponential, for example, using a particular form (degree-optimal) of polynomials produces implementations that in many cases are cheaper, in terms of computational cost, than the Padé-based techniques typically used in mathematical software. The optimized graphs and the corresponding generated code are available online.
Lab-on-a-chip molecular inference system (2007)

Molecular computation on DNA performs calculations using nanotechnology means during chemical reactions. With the help of silicon industry microfluidic processors were invented utilizing nano membrane valves, pumps and microreactors. These so called lab-on-a-chips combined together with molecular computing create molecular-systems-on-a-chips. This work presents an approach to implementation of logic systems on chips. It requires the unique representation of signals by DNA molecules. The main part of this work includes the concept of logic inference based on typical genetic engineering reactions. The presented method uses a lab-on-a-chip approach. Every microreactor of the labon-a-chip performs one unique operation on input molecules and can be connected by dataflow output-input connections to other ones.
Cooperative Binding of PhoBDBD to Its Cognate DNA Sequence—A Combined Application of Single-Molecule and Ensemble Methods (2013)

A combined approach based on isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments, circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was applied to elucidate the mechanism of protein-DNA complex formation and the impact of protein dimerization of the DNA-binding domain of PhoB (PhoB(DBD)). These insights can be translated to related members of the family of winged helix-turn-helix proteins. One central question was the assembly of the trimeric complex formed by two molecules of PhoB(DBD) and two cognate binding sites of a single oligonucleotide. In addition to the native protein WT-PhoB(DBD), semisynthetic covalently linked dimers with different linker lengths were studied. The ITC, SPR, FRET, and CD results indicate a positive cooperative binding mechanism and a decisive contribution of dimerization on the complex stability. Furthermore, an alanine scan was performed and binding of the corresponding point mutants was analyzed by both techniques to discriminate between different binding types involved in the protein-DNA interaction and to compare the information content of the two methods DFS and SPR. In light of the published crystal structure, four types of contribution to the recognition process of the pho box by the protein PhoB(DBD) could be differentiated and quantified. Consequently, it could be shown that investigating the interactions between DNA and proteins with complementary techniques is necessary to fully understand the corresponding recognition process.
Processing and Integrating Multimodal Material — The Influence of Color-Coding (2005)

Constructing effective learning material has always been a central issue in education, and is even more so in the time of international student assessment. In our experiment we concentrated on the processing of typical multimodal textbook material (i.e. a written text with accompanying illustrations) and on how the processing and integration of these different representational modalities can be improved by color-coding. Color-codes reduce search effort and thus produce similar effect to an increase in spatial or temporal contiguity (Kalyuga, Chandler &amp;amp; Sweller, 1999). In this context, contiguity is defined as the adjacency of distinct elements in general. By using eye-tracking methodology we chose a means that could provide detailed insights into the actual process of information intake. Our results affirm the differences in processing verbal and linguistic material and show the advantage of color-coded material on processing efficiency and integration. This leads us to the conclusion that the genuine difficulty of multimodal material lies in the integration of the different sources of information and that especially learners with low prior knowledge can profit from an increase in coherence and contiguity (see Mayer, 2001).
Selective enrichment of bifidobacteria in the intestinal tract of broilers by thermally produced kestoses and effect on broiler performance (1997)

A series of kestose oligosaccharides have been produced from pyrolysis of sucrose and the effects of feeding these thermal kestoses on broiler performance and cecal microbial populations were evaluated. Eighty-four broiler chicks (day-old Hubbard x Hubbard) were fed either a nutritionally complete basal starter diet (control), the starter diet dressed with 8% of other sugars found in the thermal kestoses mixture (glucose, sucrose, and fructose), or the starter diet dressed with 10% crude thermal kestoses (2% kestoses, 8% other sugars) for a 4-wk period. Body weight and feed intake were measured weekly. After 4 wk the birds were killed, cecal contents were collected, and selected microbial populations were enumerated. Weight gains were 938, 968, and 989 g for control, other sugars, and thermal kestoses groups, respectively. There were no dietary effects on weight gain, feed conversion, or concentrations of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, aerobically enumerated lactobacilli, total anaerobes, or clostridia. Cecal bifidobacterial concentrations were increased (P < 0.001) 24-fold in kestose-treated birds compared with controls, with bifidobacterial concentrations being 8.98, 9.09, and 10.36 log10 cfu/g cecal DM in birds fed the control, other sugars, and thermal kestoses diets, respectively. Anaerobically enumerated lactobacilli concentrations in kestose-treated birds were increased (P < 0.007) sevenfold compared with controls, with lactobacilli concentrations being 9.56, 9.53, and 10.36 log10 cfu/g cecal contents, respectively. Thermally produced kestoses altered intestinal bacterial populations in broilers and may have potential to enhance health and performance under the appropriate conditions.
Limited view reconstruction for differential phase-contrast computed tomography (2015)

This paper describes an algebraic reconstruction algorithm that uses total variation (TV) regularization for differential phase contrast computed tomography (DPC-CT) using a limited number of views. In order to overcome over-flattening inherent in TV regularization, a two-step reconstruction process is used: we first reconstruct tomographic images of gradient refractive index from differential projections with TV regularization; these images are then used to compute tomographic images of refractive index by solving the Poisson equation. We incorporate TV regularization in the reconstruction process because the distribution of gradient refractive index is much more flattened than the refractive index. Simulations of the proposed method demonstrate that it can achieve satisfactory image quality from a much smaller number of projections than is required by the Nyquist sampling theorem. We experimentally prove the feasibility of the proposed method using dark field imaging optics at PF-14C beamline at the Photon Factory, KEK. The differential phase contrast projection data was experimentally acquired from a biological sample and DPC-CT images were reconstructed. We show that far fewer projections are needed when the proposed algorithm is used.
Influence of respiratory motion management technique on radiation pneumonitis risk with robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy (2018)

The use of RTT decreased the risk of radiation pneumonitis in all plans. However, for most patients the risk reduction was minimal. Differences in plan PTV volume and PTV/lung volume ratio may identify patients who would benefit from RTT technique before completing treatment planning.
Zentralafrikanische Republik (1992)

Wachsende soziale Spannungen, verbunden mit der Forderung nach Demokratisierung und der Durchführung einer Nationalkonferenz entsprechend dem Vorbild anderer afrikanischer Staaten, der Druck ausländischer Geber und schließlich auch Stimmen innerhalb der eigenen Partei veranlaßten Kolingba zu schrittweisen politischen Zugeständnissen. Am 26.2 nahm der aus Nationalversammlung sowie Wirtschafts- und Regionalrat zusammengesetzte Kongreß eine Verfassungsänderung vor und schuf den Posten eines der Nationalversammlung verantwortlichen Premierministers. Am 16.3. berief Kolingba den bisherigen Koordinator der Regierungsarbeit, Staatsminister Edouard Franck, in das neue Amt. Unmittelbar nach seiner Ernennung sprach sich Franck für eine Öffnung sowohl in der Innen- als auch in der Außenpolitik aus und rief zur nationalen Einheit auf. In der am 20.3. gebildeten Regierung nicht mehr vertreten waren die wichtigsten Vertreter einer streng konservativen Linie, darunter der Verteidigungs- und Justizminister Christophe Grelombe, der Minister für öffentliche Sicherheit (=Innenminister), Thomas Mapouka, und der Wirtschafts-, Finanz- und Planungsminister Dieudonné Wazoua. Grelombe und Wazoua wurden jedoch zu Präsidentenberatern für Verteidigung bzw. Wirtschaft ernannt. Das Verteidigungsministerium übernahm Kolingba selbst. Zum neuen Wirtschafts- und Planungsminister bestellte Franck den als Pragmatiker geltenden bisherigen Stellvertreter von Wazoua, Thierry Bingaba. Neuer Finanzminister wurde Auguste Tene-Koyzoa, der vorher als Ökonom bei der BEAC beschäftigt war.
42.3: An Electron Gun with Gun Pitch Modulation (2001)

Abstract Philips Cybertubes use virtual Gun Pitch Modulation (GPM) in the Deflection Unit. Realizing GPM in the gun itself can make the system more compact and more cost effective. The beam deviation is achieved either by electric field variations induced by a dynamic voltage inside the gun or by a magnetic field induced outside the gun. Unconventional apertures in the gun have been used to eliminate the asymmetric haze caused by the oblique entering of the outer electron beams into the main lens.
Supplementary Figure from A Phase I Study Investigating AZD8186, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PI3Kβ/δ, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure from A Phase I Study Investigating AZD8186, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PI3Kβ/δ, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
A Representation Approach for Relative Entropy Minimization with Expectation Constraints (2013)

We consider the general problem of relative entropy minimization and entropy maximiza-tion subject to expectation constraints. We show that the solutions can be represented as members of an exponential family subject to weaker conditions than previously shown, and the representation can be simplified fur-ther if an appropriate conjugate prior den-sity is used. As a result, the solutions can be found by optimization with respect to mem-bers of the parametric families corresponding to these representations. 1.
P734Leukocyte Bim deficiency induces T cell and immunoglobulin accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions without affecting plaque size (2014)

Introduction: Proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bim is particularly relevant for deletion of autoreactive and activated T and B cells, implicating Bim in autoimmunity. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process with features of autoimmune disease. We therefore investigated impact of hematopoietic Bim deficiency on plaque formation. Hypothesis: Bim deficient leukocytes will be highly (auto)reactive in a hyperlipidemic setting, increasing plaque apoptosis and necrosis and thus contributing to plaque destabilization. Methods: Bim-/- or wild type bone marrow transplanted LDLr-/- mice were fed a Western type diet for 5 weeks (n=7) or 10 weeks (n=12), after which they were sacrificed, immunophenotyped and atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed. Results: Bim-/- transplanted mice displayed splenomegaly (+81%) and a doubling of circulating lymphocyte counts. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were more activated (increased CD69 and CD71 expression). In Bim deficient mice, a 59% increase in Tbet+ Th1 cells was observed in blood (P<0.001), concomitant with a 43% rise in interferon gamma producing CD4+ Tcells (P<0.001). B cells were elevated by 147%, with a relative shift towards the pro-atherogenic IgG-producing B2 cell phenotype, also reflected by a more than two-fold increase in IgG1 anti-oxLDL antibodies in the serum. Strikingly, plaque size as well as lesion composition or stability (necrotic core, collagen and macrophage content) was unaffected in Bim-/- transplanted mice. Despite massive deposits of IgG complexes in plaques of Bim-/- transplanted mice and a higher presence of lesional T cells (+51%, P<0.05), apoptotic cell content of atherosclerotic lesions remained unchanged. The surprising lack in plaque phenotype despite the profound pro-atherogenic effects on T and B cells may be attributable to a 30-48% (p<0.05) reduction of serum cholesterol levels in Bim-/- transplanted mice. Conclusion: Bim deficient leukocytes are more activated in Western type diet fed LDLr-/- mice and induce high levels of anti-oxLDL autoantibodies. Nevertheless, those significant pro-atherogenic effects are most likely masked by an unexpected reduction in serum cholesterol.
Evaluation of Saturation and Cross-Magnetization Effects in Interior Permanent-Magnet (2003)

This paper presents the evaluation of saturation and cross-magnetization effects in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) over the entire range of direct- and quadrature-axis excitations. The conventional two-axis machine model is modified in order to include the influence of saturation and cross-coupling effects on the variation of self- and cross-cou- pling inductances in the direct and the quadrature axis. The two-axis machine model parameters are evaluated by experiments performed on an IPMSM using a controlled voltage-source in- verter and are compared with parameter values evaluated by the finite-element method. The evaluation of two-axis machine model parameters reveals significant saturation and cross-magnetization effects in both axes, especially in the flux-weakening regime. Index Terms—Cross-magnetization, interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), saturation, two-axis machine model.