gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Monotonic Lagrangian Grid and Lat-Long Grid for Air Traffic Management (2011)

The Air Traffic Monotonic Lagrangian Grid (ATMLG) is used to simulate a 24 hour period of air traffic flow in the National Airspace System (NAS). During this time period, there are 41,594 flights over the United States, and the flight plan information (departure and arrival airports and times, and waypoints along the way) are obtained from an Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Enhanced Traffic Management System (ETMS) dataset. Two simulation procedures are tested and compared: one based on the Monotonic Lagrangian Grid (MLG), and the other based on the stationary Latitude-Longitude (Lat- Long) grid. Simulating one full day of air traffic over the United States required the following amounts of CPU time on a single processor of an SGI Altix: 88 s for the MLG method, and 163 s for the Lat-Long grid method. We present a discussion of the amount of CPU time required for each of the simulation processes (updating aircraft trajectories, sorting, conflict detection and resolution, etc.), and show that the main advantage of the MLG method is that it is a general sorting algorithm that can sort on multiple properties. We discuss how many MLG neighbors must be considered in the separation assurance procedure in order to ensure a five-mile separation buffer between aircraft, and we investigate the effect of removing waypoints from aircraft trajectories. When aircraft choose their own trajectory, there are more flights with shorter duration times and fewer CD&amp;R maneuvers, resulting in significant fuel savings.
A continuous glucose monitoring system based on microdialysis (1992)

The development of a system for continuous glucose measurement is described. A microdialysis fibre is used to continuously withdraw the glucose sample. After passing through the microdialysis fibre the perfusion liquid enters a micro-enzyme reactor which is filled with immobilized glucose oxidase. The enzyme activity, which varies with the glucose concentration, is monitored by an oxygen electrode. The measuring system can be adapted to a desired dynamic range by varying the perfusion rate. The measurement system has been calibrated for two different perfusion rates and shows a linear response to glucose concentrations between 0-3.5 mmol at 12 microliters/min and 0-8 mmol at 25 microliters/min. A probe, which can be configured with different lengths of the dialysing fibre, has also been designed to enable subcutaneous insertion of the microdialysis fibre in clinical studies. Subcutaneous glucose sampling by means of microdialysis is suggested to be used in the design of a glucose monitoring device for clinical use.
Distinct metal-exchange pathways of doped Ag25 nanoclusters (2016)

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) containing more than one type of metal atom (i.e., doped or alloyed), due to synergistic effects, open new avenues for engineering the catalytic and optical properties of NCs in a manner that homometal NCs cannot. Unfortunately, it is still a major challenge to controllably introduce multimetallic dopants in NCs, understanding the dopants' positions, mechanism, and synergistic effects. To overcome these challenges, we designed a metal-exchange approach involving NCs as molecular templates and metal ions as the source of the incoming dopant. In particular, two structurally similar monodoped silver-rich NCs, [MAg<sub>24</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> (M = Pd/Pt and SR: thiolate), were synthesized as templates to study their mechanistic transformation in response to the introduction of gold atoms. The controllable incorporation of Au atoms into the MAg<sub>24</sub> framework facilitated the elucidation of distinct doping pathways through high-resolution mass spectrometry, optical spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Interestingly, gold replaced the central Pd atom of [PdAg<sub>24</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> clusters to produce predominantly bimetallic [AuAg<sub>24</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>-</sup> clusters along with a minor product of an [Au<sub>2</sub>Ag<sub>23</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>-</sup> cluster. In contrast, the central Pt atom remained intact in [PtAg<sub>24</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> clusters, and gold replaced the non-central Ag atoms to form trimetallic [Au<sub>x</sub>PtAg<sub>24-x</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> NCs, where x = 1-2, with a portion of the starting [PtAg<sub>24</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> NCs remaining. This study reveals some of the unusual metal-exchange pathways of doped NCs and the important role played by the initial metal dopant in directing the position of a second dopant in the final product.
USING THE LISP-MINER SYSTEM FOR CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT (2016)

Credit risk assessment, credit scoring and loan applications approval are one of the typical tasks that can be performed using machine learning or data mining techniques.From this viewpoint, loan applications evaluation is a classification task, in which the final decision can be either a crisp yes/no decision about the loan or a numeric score expressing the financial standing of the applicant.The knowledge to be used is inferred from data about past decisions.These data usually consist of both socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the applicant (e.g., age, income, and deposit), the characteristics of the loan, and the loan approval decision.A number of machine learning algorithms can be used for this purpose.In this paper we show how this task can be performed using the LISp-Miner system, a tool that is under development at the University of Economics, Prague.LISp-Miner is primarily focused on mining for various types of association rules, but unlike "classical" association rules proposed by Agrawal, LISp-Miner introduces a greater variety of different types of relations between the left-hand and right-hand sides of a rule.Two other procedures that can be used for classification task are implemented in LISp-Miner as well.We describe the 4ft-Miner and KEX procedures and show how they can be used to analyze data related to loan applications.We also compare the results obtained using the presented algorithms with results from standard rule-learning methods.
Brain potentials and the availability of semantic and phonological codes over time (1994)

ERPs were recorded from subjects performing semantic and rhyme matching tasks using either spoken words, printed words or pictures as stimuli. Mismatches enhanced N400 (in the semantic task) and N450 (in the rhyme task). Onset and peak latencies were shorter for N450 than for N400 with spoken words; this relationship was inverted for pictures. Thus these latencies could index availability of semantic and phonological codes. For printed words, the latencies were shorter for N400 than N450, a result that supports direct-access models of reading with late phonological code activation. The longer latencies found for N400 and N450 to pictures could suggest longer initial decoding for pictures with respect to words.
Conus medulla—cauda compression from nerve root hypertrophy in a child with Dejerine—Sottas syndrome: improvement with laminectomy and duraplasty (2002)

This 7-year-old boy with Dejerine-Sottas syndrome caused by a mutation in the myelin protein zero gene began to suffer rapid deterioration with increasing leg weakness, loss of the ability to ambulate, and bowel and bladder incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed nerve root hypertrophy resulting in compression of the conus medullaris and cauda equina. Decompressive surgery was successful in reversing some of his deficits.
Copy number variants encompassing Mendelian disease genes in a large multigenerational family segregating bipolar disorder (2015)

We conclude that CNVs may be contributing factors in the phenotypic presentation of mood disorders and co-morbid medical conditions in this family. These results reinforce the hypothesis of a complex genetic architecture underlying BP disorder, and suggest that the role of CNVs should continue to be investigated in BP data sets.
Computational analysis of microRNA profiles and their target genes suggests significant involvement in breast cancer antiestrogen resistance (2020)

Motivation: Recent evidence shows significant involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of numerous cancers; however, the role of these in tumor drug resistance remains unknown.
The prostaglandin F synthase activity of the human aldose reductase AKR1B1 brings new lenses to look at pathologic conditions (2012)

Prostaglandins are important regulators of female reproductive functions to which aldose reductases exhibiting hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity also contribute. Our work on the regulation of reproductive function by prostaglandins (PGs), lead us to the discovery that AKR1B5 and later AKR1B1were highly efficient and physiologically relevant PGF synthases. PGE2 and PGF2α are the main prostanoids produced in the human endometrium and proper balance in their relative production is important for normal menstruation and optimal fertility. Recent evidence suggests that PGE2/EP2 and PGF2α/FP may constitute a functional dyad with physiological relevance comparable to the prostacyclin-thromboxane dyad in the vascular system. We have recently reported that AKR1B1 was expressed and modulated in association with PGF2α production in response to IL-1β in the human endometrium. In the present study, we show that the human AKR1B1 (gene ID: 231) also known as ALDR1 or ALR2 is a functional PGF2α synthase in different models of living cells and tissues. Using human endometrial cells, prostate, and vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells we demonstrate that IL-1β is able to up regulate COX-2 and AKR1B1 proteins as well as PGF2α production under normal glucose concentrations. We show that the promoter activity of AKR1B1 gene is increased by IL-1β particularly around the multiple stress response region containing two putative antioxidant response elements adjacent to TonE and AP1. We also show that AKR1B1 is able to regulate PGE2 production through PGF2α acting on its FP receptor and that aldose reductase inhibitors like alrestatin, Statil (ponalrestat), and EBPC exhibit distinct and characteristic inhibition of PGF2α production in different cell models. The PGF synthase activity of AKR1B1 represents a new and important target to regulate ischemic and inflammatory responses associated with several human pathologies.
Catalytic System‐Controlled Divergent Reaction Strategies for the Construction of Diversified Spiropyrazolone Skeletons from Pyrazolidinones and Diazopyrazolones (2021)

A catalytic system-controlled divergent reaction strategy was here reported to construct four types of intriguing spiroheterocyclic skeletons from simple and readily available starting materials via a precise chemical bond activation/[n+1] annulation cascade. The tetraazaspiroheterocyclic and trizazspiroheterocyclic scaffolds could be independently constructed by a selective N-N bond activation/[n+1] annulation cascade, a C(sp<sup>2</sup> )-H activation/[4+1] annulation and a novel tandem C(sp<sup>2</sup> )-H/C(sp<sup>3</sup> )-H bond activation/[4+1] annulation strategy, along with a broad scope of substrates, moderate to excellent yields and valuable transformations. More importantly, in these transformations, we are the first time to capture a N-N bond activation and a C(sp<sup>3</sup> )-H bond activation of pyrazolidinones under different catalytic system.
ChemInform Abstract: NON‐CATALYZED REDUCTIONS WITH FORMATE SALTS: CONVERSION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS TO THE CORRESPONDING PRIMARY AMINES (1982)

Abstract Die Nitroverbindungen (I) werden mit Natriumformiat (II) unter den angegebenen Bedingungen zu den Anilinen (III) reduziert.
Improving end-of-rotation transitions of care among ICU patients (2019)

In this controlled pilot study, a structured ICU end-of-rotation care transition strategy was feasible to implement with high fidelity. While mortality and LOS were not affected in a pilot study with limited power, the pragmatic strategy of this intervention holds promise for future trials.
Reaktionen von Hexafluoraceton mit Nitrilen der V. und VI. Hauptgruppe (1985)

Abstract Hexafluoraceton (HFA) reagiert mit Nitrilen der V. Hauptgruppe, wie CF 3 P(CN) 2 ( 1 ), P(CN) 3 ( 2 ) und Sb(CN) 3 ( 3 ), unter Spaltung der E  CN‐Bindungen zu den Verbindungen 4 – 6 . Triethylamin katalysiert die unter milden Bedingungen ablaufenden Reaktionen. Ein vollständig anderer Reaktionstyp wird im Fall des Se(CN) 2 beobachtet; hier wird ein Molekül Triethylamin in die entstehende Verbindung 7 eingebaut. As(NCS) 3 addiert je zwei Moleküle HFA über die C  N‐Dreifachbindung zum symmetrischen Trithioarsenit ( 8 ). Von 4, 7 und 8 werden die Kristallstrukturen mitgeteilt.
Optical implementation of iterative Fourier transform algorithm using spatial light modulator (2006)

We propose an optical implementation of iterative Fourier transform algorithm using a spatial light modulator and phaseshifting digital holography technique. It is shown that the optically implemented iterative Fourier transform system can improve quality of target diffraction images in real time by the same way the numerical iterative Fourier transform algorithm does in the numerical simulation. In the proposed implementation, the wave front of diffraction field is directly measured by the phase shifting digital holography technique and the phase modulation of light field is performed by a phase-type spatial light modulator. The feasibility and more general applicability of the proposed implementation of the iterative Fourier transform algorithm for digital holography techniques are discussed.
Dissimilarity in Methacholine and Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate Responsiveness 3 and 24 h after Allergen Challenge (1991)

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) was studied in 15 allergic asthmatic patients before and 3 and 24 h after allergen challenge with house dust mite (HDM). Subjects attended the clinic on 3 consecutive days. On the first day a control solution was inhaled, and methacholine or AMP challenge was performed 3 h later. The next day HDM was inhaled, and 3 and 24 h later methacholine or AMP challenge was performed again. There were no significant difference in FEV1 baseline value between any of the study days. PD20 HDM, percentage decrease in FEV1, and AUC for both the EAR and LAR were not significantly different in the methacholine and AMP studies. After HDM challenge, PC20 methacholine decreased significantly from a geometric mean (+/- SEM) starting value of 1.39 +/- 0.63 mg/ml to 0.30 +/- 0.78 mg/ml (p less than 0.001) at 3 h and to 0.22 +/- 0.75 mg/ml (p less than 0.001) at 24 h. The magnitude of the decrease in PC20 methacholine at 3 h correlated with the severity of the late asthmatic reaction (LAR) as measured by the percentage fall in FEV1 and area under the curve (AUC) (r = -0.60 and r = 0.55; p less than 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in the PC20 AMP at 3 h, from a geometric mean value of 12.2 +/- 0.96 mg/ml after challenge with the control solution to 4.47 +/- 0.99 mg/ml (p less than 0.05) after HDM challenge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Indoor Scene Video Recognition Technology for Home Robots Based on Visual Attention Model Combined with Spatial Information (2013)

A model of indoor scene video recognition technology applied to home robots is proposed based on visual attention model. This model creates image features based on the feature map of visual attention model by combining with spatial information. In classification, complex details of the indoor image are avoided and spatial information of the different scenes are retained by applying these features. Moreover, a home service robot is used as experimental platform to conduct experiments. The result shows that good recognition results can be achieved by using the proposed model, and real-time video recognition are implemented on the robot.
An Automated Monitoring System for an Experimental Coal Gasifier (1974)

ABSTRACT A data acquisition system has been developed for the analysis of the performance of an experimental reactor unit for coal gasification. Pertinent data such as gas concentrations, temperatures, and pressures at several locations inside the reactor, and the flow rate of supply gases are collected. An automated calibration procedure of the gas analysis system is included. A minicomputer controls the time sequences of the individual events, allowing a high degree of flexibility. The intervals between two gas analyses can be made as short as 30 sec, the other data can be taken arbitrarily often. The system is suitable for expansion to monitor more physical quantities and to increase the number of observation points inside the reactor.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tris(isopropylbenzimidazol-2-ylthio)methyl Zinc Complexes, [TitmPriBenz]ZnX: Modulation of Transannular Zn–C Interactions (2018)

Tris(1-isopropylbenzimidazol-2-ylthio)methane ([TitmPriBenz]H) is obtained by treatment of 1-isopropyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-thione with NaH followed by CHI3. The reaction of [TitmPriBenz]H with Me2Zn affords the zinc methyl complex [κ3-TitmPriBenz]ZnMe, which provides access to [TitmPriBenz]ZnOAr (Ar = p-C6H4Br), [κ3-TitmPriBenz]ZnH, {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}[HB(C6F5)3], {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}[MeB(C6F5)3], and {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}[BPh4]. X-ray diffraction demonstrates that the hydride and methyl complexes [κ3-TitmPriBenz]ZnH and [κ3-TitmPriBenz]ZnMe exhibit κ3 coordination of the [TitmPriBenz] ligand, whereas [TitmPriBenz]ZnOAr and {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}[HB(C6F5)3] exhibit κ4 coordination and adopt an atrane motif. The transannular Zn–C distances in [TitmPriBenz]ZnX (X = H, Me, OAr) and {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}+ span a range of 2.093(4)–2.367(2) Å, with the shortest corresponding to {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}+ and the longest corresponding to [TitmPriBenz]ZnOAr. The variation is attributed to the Zn–C bond in four-coordinate {[TitmPriBenz]Zn}+ being a two-center–two-electron interaction, whereas that in five-coordinate [TitmPriBenz]ZnOAr is a component of a three-center–four-electron interaction, in which the HOMO is approximately an spn hybrid lone pair orbital on carbon.
Molecular rods based on a ruthenium(ii) macrocyclic bis(acetylide) building block (2000)

The prototype of an organometallic linear-rod building block incorporating the saturated σ-donating 16-TMC macrocycle, peripheral pyridine moieties for versatile ligation, and the π-conjugated trans-[Ru(CCpy-4)2] fragment along the molecular axis, is described and applied to the assembly of trimetallic arrays.
Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using a Potassium-Magnesium-Aspartate Solution (Inzolen®) (2007)

The use of a potassium-magnesium-aspartate solution (Inzolen) showed no significant difference in potassium chloride for the prophylaxis of postoperative atrial fibrillation secondary to CABG.
Atheist zonder missie (2007)

Column, uitgesproken bij de presentatie van Ceylan Pektas-Weber: Moslima’s. Emancipatie achter de dijken (Bulaaq 2006) in de Balie, Amsterdam 5 maart 2006. Gepubliceerd in Waterstof. Nieuwsbrief van Waterland nr. 13, april 2006.
Noise Enhanced Imaging of Weak Objects (1999)

A method that allows the imaging of weak objects is demonstrated through the use of additive noise. Additive noise (characterized using a variance parameter a) is used to drive the intensity of the test object so that a threshold detector detects it. Performing the simulation with a sufficiently large number of trials decreases the optimum value of noise required for a good image quality.
5-Isoquinolinesulfonamide derivatives. 2. Synthesis and vasodilatory activity of N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide derivatives (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-Isoquinolinesulfonamide derivatives. 2. Synthesis and vasodilatory activity of N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide derivativesAnri Morikawa, Takanori Sone, and Toshio AsanoCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 1, 46–50Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00121a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00121a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nav1.7 gain-of-function mutation I228M triggers age-dependent nociceptive insensitivity and C-LTMR dysregulation (2023)

Gain-of-function mutations in Scn9a, which encodes the peripheral sensory neuron-enriched voltage-gated sodium channel Na<sub>v</sub>1.7, cause paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD), inherited erythromelalgia (IEM), and small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Conversely, loss-of-function mutations in the gene are linked to congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP). These mutations are evidence for a link between altered sodium conductance and neuronal excitability leading to somatosensory aberrations, pain, or its loss. Our previous work in young adult mice with the Na<sub>v</sub>1.7 gain-of-function mutation, I228M, showed the expected DRG neuron hyperexcitability, but unexpectedly the mice had normal mechanical and thermal behavioral sensitivity. We now show that with aging both male and female mice with this mutation unexpectedly develop a profound insensitivity to noxious heat and cold, as well skin lesions that span the body. Electrophysiology demonstrates that, in contrast to young mice, aged I228M mouse DRGs have a profound loss of sodium conductance and changes in activation and slow inactivation dynamics, representing a loss-of-function. Through RNA sequencing we explored how these age-related changes may produce the phenotypic changes and found a striking and specific decrease in C-low threshold mechanoreceptor- (cLTMR) associated gene expression, suggesting a potential contribution of this DRG neuron subtype to Na<sub>v</sub>1.7 dysfunction phenotypes. A GOF mutation in a voltage-gated channel can therefore produce over a prolonged time, highly complex and unexpected alterations in the nervous system beyond excitability changes.
Whatʼs New in Spine Surgery (2011)

Bridwell, Keith H. MD; Anderson, Paul A. MD; Boden, Scott D. MD; Vaccaro, Alexander R. MD, PhD; Wang, Jeffrey C. MD Author Information