gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The covalent structure of individual N-linked glycopeptides from ovomucoid and asialofetuin. (1988)

In order to explore whether individual N-linked glycans in a given glycoprotein may be processed to different end products and at the same time prepare a number of well characterized glycopeptides as substrates for glycopeptide hydrolases, we have prepared the individual glycopeptides representing the four major glycosylation sites in ovomucoid and the three sites in asialofetuin. The individual glycopeptides were characterized by amino acid sequence determination before and after removal of the glycan by peptide:N-glycanase (amidase), and the liberated glycans were subjected to mass spectrometric analysis. As expected from available sugar analyses of the individual glycans in ovomucoid, no major differences were detected between the four glycosylation sites in this glycoprotein, but a definite trend toward less processed (less extensively branched) species was observed in going from site 1 to 4. In fetuin, for which the glycan pool is known to be made up of about two-thirds triantennary and one-third biantennary structures, the analysis of the three glycopeptides gave triantennary to biantennary ratios of 75/25, 67/33, and 70/30, respectively, demonstrating that the three sites are processed to a very similar, albeit perhaps not identical, extent. All the glycopeptides obtained in these studies, including the CNBr-produced glycopeptide from ovalbumin, were purified by a set series of steps, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 followed by ion-exchange chromatography on DE52 and/or reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Based on the results, these procedures appear to have general application for the preparation of glycopeptides.
Serum levels of manganese superoxide dismutase in patients with localized scleroderma (2004)

The objective was to determine the serum levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) in patients with localized scleroderma and investigate their clinical significance in this disease. Serum samples from 15 patients with localized scleroderma and 20 healthy volunteers were examined by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum levels of Mn SOD were significantly higher in patients with generalized morphea than those in healthy individuals. And the patients with elevated serum Mn SOD levels had significantly larger number of sclerotic lesions and significantly higher serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor than those without it. These results suggested that the serum levels of this enzyme may be a serological marker for the disease activity and the extent of skin involvement in this disease.
A fully polynomial time approximation scheme for timing driven minimum cost buffer insertion (2009)

As VLSI technology enters the nanoscale regime, interconnect delay has become the bottleneck of the circuit timing. As one of the most powerful techniques for interconnect optimization, buffer insertion is indispensable in the physical synthesis flow. Buffering is known to be NP-complete and existing works either explore dynamic programming to compute optimal solution in the worst-case exponential time or design efficient heuristics without performance guarantee. Even if buffer insertion is one of the most studied problems in physical design, whether there is an efficient algorithm with provably good performance still remains unknown.
Accidental avulsion of a recently traumatised maxillary anterior tooth during rubber dam application (2021)

Avulsion injuries are usually seen in the anterior maxillary teeth as a result of trauma. Avulsion as an endodontic mishap is extremely rare. This report highlights an unusual instance of exarticulation of a recently traumatised maxillary central incisor tooth when the rubber dam was applied during a routine non-surgical endodontic procedure. The tooth was immediately repositioned and stabilised with wire composite splint. Endodontic treatment was initiated after rubber dam isolation with a modified technique. Calcium hydroxide was used as intracanal medicament dressing, and obturation was done after 2 weeks. The treatment was successful with uneventful periodontal healing at 24-month follow-up. The presence of well-demarcated periodontal ligament space and absence of any resorptive area on the radiograph could be defined as a successful outcome for the present case.
PBPK-Adapted Deep Learning for Voxel-Wise Organ Dosimetry Prediction (2022)

Ziel/Aim Targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) with PSMA ligands is an emerging treatment option for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, despite its encouraging early results, dose personalization remains a challenge. Hence, treatment planning has become vital for optimizing the RLT practice. Deep learning was proposed to predict post-therapy dose distribution based on pre-therapy imaging. However, it is still challenging for pure data-driven model to dissect the complex pharmacokinetic relation behind theranostics from limited data for dose prediction.
Epitaxial yttria-stabilized zirconia on hydrogen-terminated Si by pulsed laser deposition (1990)

Epitaxial yttria-stabilized zirconia films were grown on Si (100) and Si (111) by pulsed laser deposition. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy indicates a high degree of crystalline perfection with a channeling minimum yield of 5.3%. A necessary predeposition process is removal of native silicon oxide from the Si prior to film growth. This is done outside the deposition chamber at 23 °C using a wet-chemical hydrogen-termination procedure. Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−δ films have been grown on these films.
Acetic acid removal from corn stover hydrolysate using ethyl acetate and the impact on Saccharomyces cerevisiae bioethanol fermentation (2016)

Acetic acid is introduced into cellulose conversion processes as a consequence of composition of lignocellulose feedstocks, causing significant inhibition of adapted, genetically modified and wild-type S. cerevisiae in bioethanol fermentation. While adaptation or modification of yeast may reduce inhibition, the most effective approach is to remove the acetic acid prior to fermentation. This work addresses liquid-liquid extraction of acetic acid from biomass hydrolysate through a pathway that mitigates acetic acid inhibition while avoiding the negative effects of the extractant, which itself may exhibit inhibition. Candidate solvents were selected using simulation results from Aspen Plus™, based on their ability to extract acetic acid which was confirmed by experimentation. All solvents showed varying degrees of toxicity toward yeast, but the relative volatility of ethyl acetate enabled its use as simple vacuum evaporation could reduce small concentrations of aqueous ethyl acetate to minimally inhibitory levels. The toxicity threshold of ethyl acetate, in the presence of acetic acid, was found to be 10 g L(-1) . The fermentation was enhanced by extracting 90% of the acetic acid using ethyl acetate, followed by vacuum evaporation to remove 88% removal of residual ethyl acetate along with 10% of the broth. NRRL Y-1546 yeast was used to demonstrate a 13% increase in concentration, 14% in ethanol specific production rate, and 11% ethanol yield. This study demonstrated that extraction of acetic acid with ethyl acetate followed by evaporative removal of ethyl acetate from the raffinate phase has potential to significantly enhance ethanol fermentation in a corn stover bioethanol facility. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:929-937, 2016.
[(N, N’, N”-Tricyclohexyl)-N”- cyclohexylcarbamoylguanidinium] Tetrachloroaurate(III) as a Product of the Reaction of Dicyclohexylcarbo- diimide with HAuCl4 . aq (1997)

Reaction of tetrachloroauric(III) acid hydrate with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (dcc) in dichloromethane in the presence of equimolar amounts of triethylamine leads to a complex reaction mixture. One of the components was shown by X-ray crystallography to be [(N, N’, N”-tricyclohexyl)- N”-cyclohexylcarbamoylguanidinium] tetrachloroaurate( III) (1) which contains as a cation the addition product of dcc with the corresponding urea.
Shear picosecond ultrasonics in crystals with broken symmetry (2006)

Shear hypersound generation and detection by femtosecond laser pulses in opaque single crystals is investigated. Experiments reveal a non-local volumetric mechanism of plane shear sound excitation and the role of anisotropy in acousto-optic detection.
Axially Chiral Guanidine as Highly Active and Enantioselective Catalyst for Electrophilic Amination of Unsymmetrically Substituted 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Implantable CMOS image sensor with a neural amplifier for simultaneous recording of optical and electrophysiological signals (2021)

In this work, we developed an implantable device for simultaneous optical observation and electrophysiological recording. The prototype image sensor was designed using a 0.35-µm standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process, and green fluorescent protein fluorescence imaging of mouse brain slices was performed using the image sensor. In addition, a neural amplifier integrated on the same chip to amplify the weak neural signals obtained a midband gain of 39 dB at 40 mHz-3 kHz, and the input-referred noise was 4.9 µVrms. Crosstalk of the image sensor clock signal observed in the neural amplifier output was reduced using a software filter.
The management of glaucoma and intraocular hypertension: current approaches and recent advances (2006)

In the last decade, numerous novel ocular hypotensive agents have been introduced for the control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Clinicians now have more options than ever in the selection of medical therapy for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. When selecting an ocular hypotensive medication for their patients, clinicians should consider not only the IOP-lowering efficacy of an agent, but also the ability of the drug to allow patients to achieve target levels of IOP that are low enough to stop the progression of glaucomatous damage. Other considerations should include how well the drug controls diurnal IOP, the likelihood of serious adverse events, the versatility of the medication for use as an adjunctive agent, as well as other potential attributes (ie, neuroprotection).
Validation of the Comprehensive Arm Prosthesis and Rehabilitation Outcomes Questionnaire (2021)

Purpose: To develop and psychometrically evaluate the Comprehensive Arm Prosthesis and Rehabilitation Outcomes Questionnaire (CAPROQ), a 28-item, self-report measure of three key facets associated with successful rehabilitation (perceived function, satisfaction, and pain) designed specifically for the adult upper limb loss (ULL) population. Materials and Methods: Using a national sample of adult ULL patients (N=240), factor structure, internal consistency, convergent/concurrent validity, and known group validity of the total CAPROQ score and three subscale scores were evaluated. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate-to-strong factor loading on each subscale: satisfaction (.623-.913), perceived function (.572-.860) and pain (.422-.834). Internal consistencies for the total measure and measure subscales were good-to-excellent (.89-.95) and convergent validity indicated moderate-to-strong statistically significant associations between the CAPROQ subscales and relevant measures. Concurrent validity showed moderate associations between CAPROQ total score, prosthetic wear time, and psychosocial adjustment scores. Known group validity indicated significant differences on CAPROQ total score between initial and definitive fitting stages (p=.012). Conclusion: Psychometric evaluation indicated that the CAPROQ and CAPROQ subscales were structurally sound, internally consistent, and demonstrated convergent validity with currently used assessments of perceived functioning, satisfaction, and pain. CAPROQ is needed for guiding individual patient care, improving care models and future prosthesis selection and development.
Electrostatic Droplet Actuation for Micro Scale Thermal Management (2006)

This paper presents a unified model for the velocity of microdroplets actuated by the application of a dc electric field. Simple algebraic expressions for steady state droplet velocities are presented, as well as exact and approximate transient solutions. Specific results in terms of known experimental parameters are derived for the cases of electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD), dielectrophoresis (DEP), and continuous electrowetting (CEW). The eect of contact angle hysteresis is included in the model in terms of advancing and receding contact angles, and velocity predictions are shown to agree with previously published theoretical and experimental results. The use of these actuation methods for active thermal management of compact microsystems via an array of discrete microdroplets, a process we refer to as ‘digitized heat transfer,’ is proposed. Preliminary calculations indicate that this technique will oer a viable cooling strategy for achieving the most important objectives of electronic cooling, i.e., minimization of the maximum substrate temperature, reduction of the substrate temperature gradient and removing substrate hot spots.
A Three-Layer Scattering Model of the Slope Forest Area for Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (2018)

Polarimetric SAR interferometry (PolInSAR) is a promising remote sensing technique for extracting forest height in which the random volume over ground (RVoG) model has been extensively applied to polarimetric interferometry SAR data for the retrieval of forest geophysical parameters. The complex interferometric coherence of the RVoG model was originally derived in a simplified way by neglecting some factors, like the terrain slope and the double bounce interaction with the stems or trunks. But in many cases, none of them should be ignored. Therefore, a slope three-layer scattering (STLS) model is proposed to correct the terrain distortion for forest parameters estimation in a sloping forest area. At the same time, this model separates the vertical structure of forest into three layers: ground, tree-trunk and the canopy layer which account for the simultaneous effects of three scattering components on complex coherence. A significant model complexity reduction is achieved by aligning the reference frame along the local terrain slope and changing the corresponding radar geometrical configuration. The STLS model provides a better understanding of microwave scattering process in the terrain slope area compared to traditional RVoG model.
Utilizing Cholesterol Nanodomains for Nucleic Acid Delivery (2017)

The ability of cholesterol to impart stability and serum-resistance to lipid nanoparticles has been well-known for several decades. Thus, the use of cholesterol offers an alternative to utilizing the increasingly problematic “stealth” technology. More recently, the ability of high amounts of cholesterol to form nanodomains within lipid nanoparticles has been firmly established. The dense molecular packing and lack of ionic character of these nanodomains cause them to largely avoid the adsorption of proteins upon intravenous injection that can mask targeting moieties on the particle surface. In addition, formulations can be altered such that nanodomains form at low cholesterol concentrations with only naturally-occurring components, thereby minimizing the toxicity of the delivery vehicle and allowing the recipient cell to express therapeutic genes for prolonged periods. Furthermore, recent results suggest that repeated injection of some formulations elicits minimal, if any, cytokine response, thereby allowing delivery to tumors to be enhanced by multiple dosing. The chapter will review the evidence for cholesterol domains and their role in enhancing gene delivery both in vitro and in vivo, and provide a history of the development of these systems. Although this strategy has mostly focused on gene delivery, the approaches could be employed for the delivery of other agents (e.g., small molecules, proteins/vaccines) with lipid-based systems.
ChemInform Abstract: INHIBITION OF LIVER ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE AND ETHANOL METABOLISM BY 3‐SUBSTITUTED THIOLANE 1‐OXIDES (1985)

Abstract Dargestellt und auf Leber‐Alkohol‐Dehgdrogenase‐inhibierende Wirkung untersucht werden die S‐Oxide (VII).
Supplementary Figure 4 from p300 Acetyltransferase Regulates Androgen Receptor Degradation and PTEN-Deficient Prostate Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 78KB, Western blot analysis of ectopically v5-tagged cyclin B1 and CDK1 in 293T cells.&lt;/p&gt;
D‐Galacturonsäurederivate, VI. D‐Galacturonsäurederivate mit flüssigkristallinen Eigenschaften (1992)

D ‐Galacturonic Acid Derivatives, VI. — D ‐Galacturonic Acid Derivatives with Liquid Crystalline Properties Esters, thioesters, and amides of D ‐galacturonic acid have been synthesized from alcohols, thioalcohols, and amines having long alkyl chains. Key intermediate of the reaction with the different nucleophiles was the 1,2;3,4‐di‐ O ‐isopropylidene‐α‐ D ‐galactopyranuronosyl chloride ( 3 ). Deisopropylidenation of the protected esters, thioesters, and amides was achieved by trifluoroacetic acid. The investigation of the liquid crystalline properties was carried out with a polarizing microscop, DSC measurements, and X‐ray diffraction. Molecules with three long alkyl chains can be obtained by reaction of amides 5h and 5i with thioalcohols. MM2 calculations voted a Y‐shaped structure of the mercaptals 8a and 8b which do exhibit thermotropically a columnar hexagonal mesophase (D hd ) as we have proved by X‐ray diffraction.
Peripheral leukocytes as indicators of the enzymatic effects of N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA) on human L-aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) activity. (1981)

The interaction of N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA) with L-aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase), the putative target for the antineoplastic activity of this drug, has been studied in the blood of patients participating in a phase I trial of PALA. ATCase activity in human blood is most abundant in granulocytes and lymphocytes; comparatively little activity is seen in erythrocytes. Utilizing peripheral leukocytes from patients given infusions of PALA, we find that leukocyte ATCase in inhibited rapidly and strongly. After cessation of therapy the rate of restitution of enzyme activity is slow: half-maximal restoration is achieved in about 280 hours. As a correlate of this gradual recovery of enzymatic activity, nanomolar concentrations of PALA are detectable in the plasma 2 weeks after infusion. The apparent Ki of PALA for leukocyte ATCase with carbamoyl phosphate as the variable substrate is 5 nM. Uptake of PALA into leukocytes in vitro is saturable and occurs at a moderate rate comparable to that measured in murine tumor cells. Correspondingly, inhibitory concentrations of PALA (approximately 10(-7) M) are found in the leukocytes of patients throughout the course of PALA treatment. It is concluded that although leukocytes are not targets for PALA toxicity, they may serve as accessible and pertinent indicators of the enzymatic effects of this new oncolytic drug.
Recent Developments in Difficult Protein Expression: A Guide to E. coli Strains, Promoters, and Relevant Host Mutations (2010)

Escherichia coli is a versatile and popular tool for heterologous protein production. Some of the reasons for its popularity include rapid growth, a variety of portable vectors, relatively simple genetics, and the potential for high-density cultivation. In addition, the extensive laboratory use of E. coli has resulted in technologies to target protein overexpression to various intracellular compartments. This is advantageous because these compartments have different environments that may facilitate folding of particular proteins of interest. This chapter discusses the properties of many of the E. coli strains available for protein expression in order to facilitate the choice of the best expression host for a particular protein of interest.
Theory of coupled optoelectronic microwave oscillator II: phase noise (2013)

The result of a theoretical and experimental study on the phase fluctuations of a coupled optoelectronic oscillator is presented. We derive an analytical expression for the fundamental limit of phase noise of a radio-frequency signal generated in the oscillator and compare it with experimental data. We show that the noise can be extremely low, approaching &#x2212;160&#x2009;&#x2009;dBc/Hz at 10&#xA0;kHz offset for reasonable experimental parameters. The experimentally observed noise is 15&#xA0;dB higher due to technical noise of the system.
Concurrent Modeling and Control for Mechatronics System Using Petri Nets (2000)

Mechatronics systems are hybrid systems, which consist of mechanical system, electronic device, control system, computer software, and so on. For demands of higher precision and function enhancement, mechatronics systems have required parallel operation and cooperative control. This paper proposes a UML (Unified Modeling Language)/Petri net method for modeling and analysis of a mechatronics control system. Based on our UML/Petri nets representation, it is possible to generate the control program automatically. We have conducted simulations and confirmed that the proposed method UML/Petri nets is useful for control system analysis of mechatronics system.
Effect of illumination on the subband electronic structure of Si δ-doped GaAs (1997)

The subband electronic structure of Si δ-doped GaAs grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy was investigated using magnetotransport measurements. The work focused on the effect of illumination. We found that illumination leads to a slight increase of the quasi-two dimensional electron gas density in the well. This increase does not depend on the illumination intensity. The illumination-generated electron density weakly increases with an increase in the Si δ-doping concentration. We also experimentally confirmed that illumination only slightly alters the electron densities of the occupied subbands and the illumination-generated electrons populate one previously empty subband. Only a fraction of the illumination-generated electrons persist but the newly occupied subband under illumination remains populated in the dark after removal of the illumination. The experimental results suggest that the DX centers are unlikely to be populated in our Si δ-doped GaAs regardless of the doping concentration. The weak and partially persistent photoconductivity effect observed in Si δ-doped GaAs may arise from ionization of other Si localized states.
Detection and Subtyping of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Infected Cattle by Polymerase chain Reaction and Amplified VP1 Sequencing (1995)

Fast and accurate detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks is needed to limit spread of the disease by proper vaccination. The use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has revolutionized the way in which viral diseases are diagnosed. Sequence analysis of the amplified VP1 sequence can enable the classification of FMD virus detected in the morbid animal. PCR assays were carried out to identify the virus and its serotype in suspect animals from 2 outbreaks of FMD type O virus. Sequence analysis of the amplified VP1 cDNA showed 78% homology with O1K and over 95% homology between the samples. These findings suggest that the 2 outbreaks were due to infection with the same virus serosubtype.