gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for spatio-temporal analysis of the signalling problem (2015)

The response of convectively unstable equations to a localized oscillatory forcing (i.e. the ‘signalling problem’) is studied. The full mathematical structure of this class of problems is elucidated by examining partial differential equations of second-order (the linear Ginzburg–Landau equation) and fourth-order (the linear Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation) in space. The long-time asymptotic behaviours of the Fourier–Laplace integral solutions are obtained via contour integration and the method of steepest descent. In the process, a general algorithm is developed to extract the important physical characteristics of such problems. The algorithm allows one to determine the velocities that bound the transient and spatially growing portions of the response, as well as a closed-form transfer function that relates the oscillatory disturbance amplitude to that of the spatially growing solution. A new velocity is identified that provides the most meaningful demarcation of the two regions. The algorithm also provides a straightforward criterion for identifying ‘contributing’ saddles that determine the long-time asymptotic behaviour and ‘non-contributing’ saddles that give errant solutions. Lastly, a discontinuity that arises in the long-time asymptotic solution, identified in prior studies, is resolved.
ArtificialManduca sextaforewings for flapping-wing micro aerial vehicles: how wing structure affects performance (2017)

A novel approach to fabricating and testing artificial insect wings has been developed. Utilizing these new techniques, locally harvested hawk moth (Manduca sexta) forewings are compared to engineered forewings with varying wing structures. A number of small, flexible engineered forewings were fabricated with identical planform size and shape but with variations in camber, ribbing, thickness and composition. A series of static and dynamic assessments compares the forewings in terms of structure and performance. Data from these experiments show that the fabrication method can produce artificial forewings with similar properties to that of M. sexta. Flexural stiffness (EI) data shows a maximum percent difference of 41% between the left and right natural M. sexta forewings, whereas engineered forewings have a maximum percent difference of 18%. When deflection is induced from the ventral side of the forewing, EI values are at least 9.1% higher than when it is induced from the dorsal side. According to simulations, approximately 57% of this difference can be attributed to the camber of the forewings. Fabricated forewings produced comparable amounts of lift to natural M. sexta forewings (1.00 g<sub>F</sub> and 0.96 g<sub>F</sub> at 25 Hz flapping frequency respectively).
A convex programming framework for optimal and bounded suboptimal well field management (2012)

This paper presents a groundwater management model, considering the interaction between a confined aquifer and an unlooped Water Distribution Network (WDN), conveying the groundwater into the Water Works distribution mains. The pumps are controlled by regulating the characteristic curves. The objective of the management is to minimize the total cost of pump operations over a multistep time horizon, while fulfilling a set of time‐varying management constraints. Optimization in groundwater management and pressurized WDNs have been widely investigated in the literature. Problem formulations are often convex, hence global optimality can be attained by a wealth of algorithms. Among these, the Interior Point methods are extensively employed for practical applications, as they are capable of efficiently solving large‐scale problems. Despite this, management models explicitly embedding both systems without simplifications are rare, and they usually involve heuristic techniques. The main limitation with heuristics is that neither optimality nor suboptimality bounds can be guarantee. This paper extends the proof of convexity to mixed management models, enabling the use of Interior Point techniques to compute globally optimal management solutions. If convexity is not achieved, it is shown how suboptimal solutions can be computed, and how to bind their deviation from the optimality. Experimental results obtained by testing the methodology in a well field located nearby Copenhagen (DK), show that management solutions can consistently perform within the 99.9% of the true optimum. Furthermore it is shown how not considering the Water Distribution Network in optimization is likely to result in unfeasible management solutions.
Pressure Dependence of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov State inCeCoIn5 (2006)

Pressure studies of the thermodynamics of CeCoIn5 under magnetic fields H parallel to c and H parallel to ab have been made up to P = 1.34 GPa. We recorded the signature of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state for all pressures when H parallel to ab. Also remarkably, the FFLO regime suddenly expands for P = 1.34 GPa. With the help of a microscopic theory for d-wave superconductivity, we have extracted the gyromagnetic ratio g and the Fermi velocities nu(a) and nu(c). Our study is the first evidence for the existence of the FFLO state away from the influence of the antiferromagnetic fluctuations. We find a close parallel between the T-P phase diagram of CeCoIn5 and the T-x phase diagram of the high-Tc cuprates, where x is the hole concentration.
Fusion to chicken C3d enhances the immunogenicity of the M2 protein of avian influenza virus (2010)

These results indicated that chicken C3d enhanced the humoral immunity against AIV M2 protein either fused proteins expressed by the prokaryotic system or with the DNA vaccine. Nevertheless, in view of the poor protection ratio for these animals, we speculated that this is not a worthy developing of vaccine in these constructs.
Aortic Disease Presentation and Outcome Associated With ACTA2 Mutations (2015)

ACTA2 mutations are associated with high risk of presentation with an acute aortic dissection. The lifetime risk for an aortic event is only 76%, suggesting that additional environmental or genetic factors play a role in expression of aortic disease in individuals with ACTA2 mutations.
Fused Silver Nanowires with Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Organic Polymers for Highly Transparent Conductors (2011)

Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks are promising candidates to replace indium-tin-oxide (ITO) as transparent conductors. However, complicated treatments are often required to fuse crossed AgNWs to achieve low resistance and good substrate adhesion. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and effective solution method to achieve highly conductive AgNW composite films with excellent optical transparency and mechanical properties. These properties are achieved via sequentially applying TiO(2) sol-gel and PEDOT:PSS solution to treat the AgNW film. TiO(2) solution volume shrinkage and the capillary force induced by solvent evaporation result in tighter contact between crossed AgNWs and improved film conductivity. The PEDOT:PSS coating acts as a protecting layer to achieve strong adhesion. Organic photovoltaic devices based on the AgNW-TiO(2)-PEDOT:PSS transparent conductor have shown comparable performance to those based on commercial ITO substrates.
Cytochrome P 450-dependent ethanol oxidation. Kinetic isotope effects and absence of stereoselectivity (1987)

Deuterium isotope effects [D(V/K)] and stereoselectivity of ethanol oxidation in cytochrome P-450 containing systems and in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system were compared with those of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase. The isotope effects were determined by using both a noncompetitive method, including incubation of unlabeled or [1,1-2H2]ethanol at various concentrations, and a competitive method, where 1:1 mixtures of [1-13C]- and [2H6]ethanol or [2,2,2-2H3]- and [1,1-2H2]ethanol were incubated and the acetaldehyde formed was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The D(V/K) isotope effects of the cytochrome P-450 dependent ethanol oxidation were about 4 with liver microsomes from imidazole-, phenobarbital- or acetone-treated rabbits or with microsomes from acetone- or ethanol-treated rats. Similar isotope effects were reached with reconstituted membranes containing the rabbit ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 (LMeb), whereas control rat microsomes and membranes containing rabbit phenobarbital-inducible P-450 LM2 oxidized the alcohol with D(V/K) of about 2.8 and 1.8, respectively. Addition of FeIIIEDTA either to microsomes from phenobarbital-treated rabbits or to membranes containing P-450 LMeb significantly lowered the isotope effect, which approached that of the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system (1.4), whereas desferrioxamine had no significant effect. Incubations of all cytochrome P-450 containing systems or the xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems with (1R)- and (1S)-[1-2H]ethanol, revealed, taking the isotope effects into account, that 44-66% of the ethanol oxidized had lost the 1-pro-R hydrogen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
False lumen/true lumen wall pressure ratio is increased in acute non-A non-B aortic dissection (2022)

The increased FL/TL wall pressure ratio observed during systole in non-A non-B AD may beget a complicated presentation.
Knowledge mining with genetic programming methods for variable selection in flavor design (2010)

This paper presents a novel approach for knowledge mining from a sparse and repeated measures dataset. Genetic programming based symbolic regression is employed to generate multiple models that provide alternate explanations of the data. This set of models, called an ensemble, is generated for each of the repeated measures separately. These multiple ensembles are then utilized to generate information about, (a) which variables are important in each ensemble, (b) cluster the ensembles into different groups that have similar variables that drive their response variable, and (c) measure sensitivity of response with respect to the important variables. We apply our methodology to a sensory science dataset. The data contains hedonic evaluations (liking scores), assigned by a diverse set of human testers, for a small set of flavors composed from seven ingredients. Our approach: (1) identifies the important ingredients that drive the liking score of a panelist and (2) segments the panelists into groups that are driven by the same ingredient, and (3) enables flavor scientists to perform the sensitivity analysis of liking scores relative to changes in the levels of important ingredients.
AQUEOUS HOMOGENEOUS TYPE RESEARCH REACTORS (1958)

The solution-type research reactors placed in operation by Atomics International fall into three power range categories. The 50-kw type has the advantages of a large graphite refiector, both horizontal and vertical thermal columns, and gamma ray exposure facilities in its sub-pile area. The 1.5-kw reactor has a 5 1/2 -foot square vertical thermal column for exponential work. The 10 watt unit is intended as a training and minimum research facility. These reactors and their operating characteristics are described. (M.H.R.)
Human P(3)450: cDNA and complete protein sequence, repetitive Alu sequences in the 3' nontranslated region, and localization of gene to chromosome 15. (1987)

P(1)450 and P(3)450 are the two members of the dioxin-inducible P450 gene family, one of at least eight families in the entire P450 gene superfamily. The human P(1)450 gene has been previously sequenced. In this report the human liver P(3)450 protein is shown to migrate as a 54-kDa band on NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The human P(3)450 cDNA (3,064 bp) and complete P(3)450 protein (515 residues; Mr = 58,294) were determined. The human P(3)450 mRNA (3.3 kb) has an unusually long 3' nontranslated region (1,509 bp) primarily due to the inclusion of four copies of Alu repetitive sequences. Comparison of human P(3)450 cDNA with human P(1)450 cDNA and mouse (or rat) P(3)450 cDNA with mouse (or rat) P(1)450 cDNA suggests that an intra-exonic gene conversion event (in the region between 100 and 400 nucleotides from the 5' end of the translated region) most likely occurred between 20 and 80 million years ago. Analysis of 32 human X mouse and 23 human X hamster somatic cell hybrids confirm unequivocally that both P(3)450 and P(1)450 reside on human chromosome 15.
Phototrophic Methane Oxidation in a Member of the Chloroflexi Phylum (2019)

Abstract Biological methane cycling plays an important role in Earth’s climate and the global carbon cycle, with biological methane oxidation (methanotrophy) modulating methane release from numerous environments including soils, sediments, and water columns. Methanotrophy is typically coupled to aerobic respiration or anaerobically via the reduction of sulfate, nitrate, or metal oxides, and while the possibility of coupling methane oxidation to phototrophy (photomethanotrophy) has been proposed, no organism has ever been described that is capable of this metabolism. Here we described a new bacterial genome from a member of the Chloroflexi phylum—termed here Candidatus Chlorolinea photomethanotrophicum—with cooccurring methanotrophy and phototrophy pathways, suggesting a novel link between these two metabolisms. Recovered as a metagenome-assembled genome from microbial mats in an iron-rich hot spring in Japan, Ca. ‘C. photomethanotrophicum’ forms a new lineage within the Chloroflexi phylum and expands the known metabolic diversity of this already diverse clade. Ca. ‘C. photomethanotrophicum’ appears to be metabolically versatile, capable of phototrophy (via a Type 2 reaction center), aerobic respiration, nitrite reduction, oxidation of methane and carbon monoxide, and potentially carbon fixation via a novel pathway composed of hybridized components of the serine cycle and the 3-hydroxypropionate bicycle. The biochemical network of this organism is constructed from components from multiple organisms and pathways, further demonstrating the modular nature of metabolic machinery and the ecological and evolutionary importance of horizontal gene transfer in the establishment of novel pathways. Significance Methane is a major greenhouse gas, and the production and consumption of methane is largely driven by the metabolism of microorganisms. Although it has been hypothesized for decades that some bacteria may be capable of growth by eating methane and conserving energy from sunlight (photomethanotrophy), this metabolism has never been discovered in nature. Here, we describe the first genetic evidence for a bacterium capable of photomethanotrophy, adding a new pathway to the known diversity of how microbes can make a living. This discovery also adds a new link to the global carbon cycle, and may provide new opportunities for designing biotechnological tools for processing methane.
High level production of Echerichia coli outer membrane proteins OmpA and OmpF intracellularly in Bacillus subtilis (1991)

A high yield of Escherichia coli outer membrane proteins OmpA (about 200 mg/l) and OmpF (about 100 mg/l) was obtained in Bacillus subtilis when produced intracellularly. The yield was more than 100-fold higher than the yield of these proteins by a similar vector containing the complete signal sequence of α-amylase of B. amyloliquefaciens. Both proteins isolated after breakage of the B. subtilis cells by low-speed centrifugation were about 70% pure and could be solubilized by Sarkosyl, SDS and guanidine hydrochloride.
Splenic vasculitis, thrombosis, and infarction in a febrile dog infected with Bartonella henselae (2015)

Bartonella henselae is an incompletely characterized emerging canine pathogen. This case report establishes a potential role for this bacterium as a cause of vasculitis and thromboembolism, which have not been previously reported in association with B. henselae infection in dogs.
Modelling the ZalaZONE Proving Ground: a benchmark of State-of-the-art Automotive Simulators PreScan, IPG CarMaker, and VTD Vires (2021)

In our days, simulation based development is a core element of vehicle engineering, especially considering highly automated or fully autonomous vehicles. Accordingly, the paper presents a benchmark of three different automotive simulators: PreScan, IPG CarMaker, and VTD Vires. The three software tools were applied for the same goal, namely, modelling the ZalaZONE Proving Ground of Hungary for vehicle testing. The paper aims to highlight the experiences while creating the virtual models by presenting and comparing the relevant software features and providing suggestions for scientific or practical application.
502 Fundamental Investigation on Combustion Characteristics of Solid Waste Fuels using Temperature Measurement Technique (2004)

Experiments have been conducted to analyze the combustion behavior of solid waste fuels in high temperature and low oxygen concentration using temperature measurement technique. The surface temperature of solid waste fuels gives rise to increase sharply at the instant when the solid waste fuel enters the hot environment of electric furnace and continues to increase during the luminous flame region ,and then during the surface combustion period the surface temperature becomes to be nearly constant. The flame temperature decreases with increasing ambient temperature due to the decrease of air density, though it increases with increasing oxygen concentration. Especially the flame temperature has a little fluctuation due to the combustion of smaller particles emitted from solid waste fuels.
Electronically scanned pressure measurement scanner for cryogenic wind tunnel applications (2003)

Electronically scanned pressure (ESP) measurement modules are used in wind tunnels to measure surface pressures on models. Measurement channels are connected to pressure ports through small diameter tubing. Use of current state-of-the art ESP scanners in cryogenic wind tunnels has led to several practical problems which contribute to additional expense and loss of data quality. First current use of ESP scanners in cryogenic wind tunnels (at room temperature to below -25/spl deg/ C) dictates the need for protection against the thermal environment. The current solution is the use of a heater box which causes a number of operational problems. The installation of the heater box is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Its size reduces the amount of space available for scanner installation. Secondly, a wind tunnel test must be interrupted for on-line calibration which consumes as much as 15% of the total test time. Finally, the pressure and balance measurements are taken in separate runs because of an "apparent strain" problem. An electronically scanned pressure measurement module capable of operating directly in a cryogenic environment has been developed and tested over an extended temperature span. Total uncertainty, which is measured at less than 0.1% of FSO at 1 atmospheric reference pressure will be discussed.
Developing New Technology Platforms for New Business Models: Syngenta's Partnership with the University of Manchester (2011)

OVERVIEW:Evidence from academic studies and national-level policy reports suggests that university-industry relationships are now widely practiced in many countries and increasing in importance. University innovation centers (UICs) offer one mechanism for managing these relationships. UICs are an instrument to mobilize a critical mass of researchers to build new technology platforms and enable the corporate partner to explore new business opportunities, a process that requires work on new business models to be carried out in parallel with technological research. As an example, the paper analyzes the partnership between agribusiness Syngenta AG and the University of Manchester (UK) to establish a UIC focused on the introduction of sensors and informatics into agriculture (“agri-electronics”).
The expression of transferrin mRNA in the salivary glands and other tissues of baboons. (1993)

In order to determine whether all the extrinsic salivary glands synthesize transferrin mRNA, the polyadenylated ribonucleic acids [poly(A)+ RNAs] from parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, liver, midbrain, testis, spleen, heart, kidney, and the mucosae of oesophagus and stomach from adult male baboons were analysed, using oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography, agarose gel electrophoresis, followed by transfer of the mRNAs to nitrocellulose filters and identification with transferrin and tubulin cDNA probes. Transferrin and tubulin mRNAs were visualized by autoradiography and analysed by measuring specific activity from beta emitting nuclides following transfer to nitrocellulose filters and hybridizing with [alpha-32P]-labelled human transferrin and tubulin cDNA probes. The results indicate that transferrin mRNA is present in all the extrinsic salivary glands (submandibular, sublingual, parotid) of baboons.
Limiting efficiency of silicon solar cells under highly concentrated sunlight (1987)

Recent work has shown that the upper bound on the energy conversion efficiency of silicon cells under concentrated sunlight lies in the 36-37-percent range regardless of the concentration ratio. These bounds are reassessed at very high cencentration levels where loss of conductivity modulation and loss in carrier collection efficiency due to Auger effects become important. Previous work is shown to overestimate the efficiency bound at such levels as well as the cell thickness required to attain this bound.
ChemInform Abstract: PHENYLHYDRAZONE DERIVATIVES OF DIMEDONE: HYDROGEN BONDING, CARBON‐13 AND PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, AND CONFORMATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS. CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF 5,5‐DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE‐1,2,3‐TRIONE 2‐(4‐METHYLPHENYLHYDRAZONE) AND 5,5‐DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE‐1,2,3‐TRIONE 2‐(4‐NITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE) (1983)

Abstract Durch Kondensation entsprechender Benzoldiazoniumsalze mit Dimedon oder Cyclohexan‐1,3‐dion werden die Phenylhydrazonderivate (I) dargestellt.
Liquid‐metal capacitors with a 42:1 tuning ratio (2017)

Four types of liquid‐metal‐based tunable capacitors with a high tuning range are demonstrated. The capacitors are easily fabricated by placing a pair of liquid‐metal‐filled tubes in contact with one another. Tunability is achieved by varying the length of the liquid metal in one of the tubes using a mechanical pump. Four different structures are demonstrated: parallel‐tube, folded‐tube, coil, and spiral capacitors. The highest measured tuning ratio is 42:1, and the highest change in capacitance per unit length of the pumped liquid metal is 0.07 pF/mm.
B-site cation inter-diffusion in yttrium substituted barium zirconate (2021)

This study of B-site cation inter-diffusion in the bulk and grain-boundary of the ceramic proton conductor yttrium-substituted barium zirconate (BZY) show that BZY electrolytes are highly stable towards degradation related to B-site cation diffusion.
Tracking elephant flows in internet backbone traffic with an FPGA-based cache (2009)

This paper presents an FPGA-friendly approach to tracking elephant flows in network traffic. Our approach, single step segmented least recently used (S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -LRU) policy, is a network traffic-friendly replacement policy for maintaining flow states in a Naiumlive hash table (NHT). We demonstrate that our S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -LRU approach preserves elephant flows: conservatively promoting potential elephants and evicting lowrate flows in LRU manner. Our approach keeps flow-state of any elephant since start-of-day and provides a significant improvement over filtering approaches proposed in previous work. Our FPGA-based implementation of the S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -LRU in combination with an NHT suites well the parallel access to block memories while capitalising on the retuning of parameters through dynamic-reprogramming.