gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collaboration gain in MAC is limited (2014)

Classical MAC coding schemes assume independent transmitted signals, because the given messages are assumed to be independent and the remote transmitters cannot cooperate. However, when the messages are correlated, or in the extreme case of fully cooperative transmitters, a better performance may be achieved. We explore the performance gain of this collaboration and its connection to transmission synchronization. For totally asynchronous transmitters we prove that transmitters collaboration has no performance gain. This result is proven for discrete-value channels. For continuous-value channels we focus on the collaboration gain of the AWGN MAC, indicating that it is bounded by a single bit and a factor of two. We suggest that this collaboration gain diminishes without synchronization as well.
Filtered statistics (2009)

Column statistics are an important element of cardinality estimation frameworks. More accurate estimates allow the optimizer of a RDBMS to generate better plans and improve the overall system's efficiency. This paper introduces filtered statistics, which model value distribution over a set of rows restricted by a predicate. This feature, available in Microsoft SQL Server, can be used to handle column correlation, as well as focus on interesting data ranges. In particular, it fits well for scenarios with logical subtables, like flexible schema or multi-tenant applications. Integration with the existing cardinality estimation infrastructure is presented.
Exploiting Dark Fluorophore States to Implement Resonance Energy Transfer Pre-Charge Logic (2017)

As lithographic feature sizes approach fundamental scaling limits, a variety of computational domains remain incompatible with integrated circuits merely due to their operating principles. Resonance energy transfer (RET) logic offers a molecular-scale solution for accessing these untapped domains. This emerging technology uses self-assembled networks of fluorescent molecules to perform computation at scales far below the diffraction limit and in environments that preclude silicon electronics. In this article, the authors propose a new form of RET logic design that yields a library of nonlinear logic gates that can be cascaded to build more complex integrated molecular circuits.
<title>Model for laser-generated acoustic wave in soil</title> (1999)

Laser induced acoustic imaging as a prospective technique in landmine detection has been studied experimentally in our previous work. When a laser pulse impinges on the surface of a medium (solid or liquid), several processes occur in a short time, including reflection, absorption, heat conduction, medium expansion and contraction. Acoustic pulses will be generated during this period. Underground objects can be imaged by detecting the echoes of these sound pulses. In this paper, we developed a one-dimensional model for heat generation and sound pulse excitation. The acoustic pulse shape strongly depends on the medium properties and boundary conditions. Results for both a constrained surface and a free surface are given in this paper.
Modelling of Differential Evolution Based Automatic Generation Control for Two Area Interconnected Power Systems (2019)

This study demonstrates Automatic Generation Contro l (AGC) of Differential Evolution (DE) tuned two degree of freedom of proportional integral derivative (2DOF-PID) controller of a 2 area interrelated power structure. The 2 area based non reheat thermal power plant model is considered for the study and performance is compared with proposed controller over traditional controller configuration. The designed controller parameters are tuned through DE optimization algorithm in which objective function is formulated with help of ITAE function. Finally diverse loading condition (1%, 5% and 10% SLP) is applied in both areas to analyses the robustness of the proposed controller. The performance signifies the improved response with use of proposed controller over other controller.
Optimization and stability studies of thymidine analog complex with organometallic core (2006)

1913 Objectives: Radiolabeled thymidine analogs can be used to track rapidly proliferating tumor cells . For the current study thymidine was functionalized at the C5’position of the sugar moiety with the tridentate iminodiacetic acid chelator for complexation and radiolabeling with 99mTc(I)-tricarbonyl core. The aims were optimization of the labeling procedure and analysis of stability of the radiolabeled compound. Methods: The precursor 99mTc(H2O)3(CO)3 was prepared by flushing the mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium borohydride and sodium-potassium tartrate tetrahydrate with CO gas during 30 min. Pertechnetate was added and the vial was heated for 35 min at 75 oC. The reaction was stopped in ice bath, and pH was adjusted to 7. Then 50 uL of the precursor was added to 10-4 M of the ligand and heated again for 60 min at 75 oC. Radiochemical purity of the precursor and the product was checked by HPLC, TLC and paper chromatography. Optimization was achieved by varying reaction time (30 to 60 min),ligand concentration (0.5.10-4 to 2.5.10-4 Mol/L), final reaction volume (300 to 500 μL) and total activity(170 to 1330 MBq). Radiochemical stability (24 hours), in- vitro stability in human plasma, and response to cysteine challenge at different molar ratios was also evaluated. Results: Radiochemical purity (RP) with reaction time of 30 minutes was 90.7 +/- 1.6%, and by one hour it reached 93.2+/-1.4 %, using a concentration of thymidine analog of 0.5.10-4 Mol/L.By increasing the ligand concentration to 2.5.10-4 Mol/L, 94.1+/-1.7% of RP was achieved. Reduction of final reaction volume or elevation of activity resulted in no improvement. The complex was stable for 24 hours with loss of 4% of RP only. Stability test in human plasma during 4 hours showed a decrease of 26%, and stability regarding cysteine from 0.1 mM to 100 mM diminished from 97.3+/- 0.5% to 88.7+/- 0.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Favorable labeling conditions could be established, with relatively few changes when reaction parameters were modified. Radiochemical stability was excellent, but tests with plasma and cysteine yielded somewhat weaker results. Nevertheless, the final product is suitable for biological studies in vivo. Research Support (if any): Aknowledgement:The valuable support of a MS scholarship from the National Research Council (CNPq), Brazil to Rodrigo Santos is appreciated.
Evaluation of 50-mer oligonucleotide arrays for detecting microbial populations in environmental samples (2004)

Microarrays fabricated with oligonucleotides longer than 40 bp have been introduced for monitoring whole genome expression but have not been evaluated with environmental samples. To determine the potential of this type of microarray for environmental studies, a 50-mer oligonucleotide microarray was constructed using 763 genes involved in nitrogen cycling: nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK), ammonia monooxygenase (amoA), nitrogenase (nifH), methane monooxygenase (pmoA), and sulfite reductase (dsrAB) from public databases and our own sequence collections. The comparison of the sequences from pure cultures indicated that the developed microarrays could provide species-level resolution for analyzing microorganisms involved in nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, methane oxidation, and sulfite reduction. Sensitivity tests suggested that the 50-mer oligonucleotide arrays could detect dominant populations in the environments, although sensitivity still needs to be improved. A significant quantitative relationship was also obtained with a mixture of DNAs from eight different bacteria. These results suggest that the 50-mer oligonucleotide array can be used as a specific and quantitative parallel tool for the detection of microbial populations in environmental samples.
Roles of divalent cations and pH in mechanism of action of nitroxoline against Escherichia coli strains (1995)

The antibacterial activity of nitroxoline (NIT), an antibiotic used in the treatment of acute or recurrent urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli, is decreased in the presence of Mg2+ and Mn2+ but not Ca2+. In order to elucidate the interaction between this drug and the divalent cations, spectrophotometric studies based on the natural absorption of the nitroxoline moiety were conducted. In the presence of the divalent metal ions, a shift in the NIT A448 suggested the formation of drug-ion complexes, for which the stability followed the order Mn2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+. A clear correlation was found between the chelating property and antibacterial activity of NIT; both were pH dependent. A convenient colorimetric method for the determination of NIT uptake by bacterial cells was also developed. Uptake was energy independent and showed biphasic kinetics: a rapid association with cells and then a slower increase in cell-associated NIT which reached a plateau. NIT uptake was reduced in the presence of magnesium. The implications of metal ion complexation and pH on the clinical efficacy of NIT are discussed.
Carbon dioxide-mediated metal-free oxidation of allylic alcohols to esters (2013)

This study shows that CO2 can be used as a mild oxidant under metal-free and relatively mild conditions. Various allylic alcohols are oxidized to esters by the CO2-mediated oxidation, followed by N-heterocyclic-carbene-catalyzed esterification. The reduced CO2 was observed as formic acid by LC-MS analysis.
Dry-Powder Inhaler Formulation of Rifampicin: An Improved Targeted Delivery System for Alveolar Tuberculosis (2017)

The carrier-mediated dry-powder inhaler of rifampicin could serve as an improved and efficient system for local targeting of drugs into the lungs.
Cytidine Deaminase Genotype Modifies the Toxicity of Therapy for Childhood AML. (2006)

Abstract Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), given at standard or high dose, is an important component of AML therapy. A major catabolic pathway of Ara-C is deamination by cytidine deaminase (CDD) to the non-toxic metabolite uridine arabinoside. A non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism, A79C, in CDD changes a lysine residue to glutamine. In-vitro studies indicate reduced activity of the variant glutamine allele compared with the lysine allele. We hypothesized that children with the low activity CC CDD genotype would have increased toxicity of Ara-C based therapy for AML. CDD A79C genotype frequencies were determined for 457 children with de novo AML treated on Children’s Cancer Group protocols 2941 and 2961. Outcomes were examined stratified by genotype. All patients received intensively timed induction therapy with IDA-DCTER (idarubicin, dexamethasone, Ara-C (800 mg/m2 total dose), thioguanine, etoposide and daunomycin) given on days 0 to 3 followed by DCTER given on days 10 to 13. On recovery of ANC and platelet counts, patients were randomized to consolidation therapy with a further course of IDA-DCTER/DCTER or IDA-FLAG (idarubicin, fludarabine, Ara-C (7590 mg/m2 total dose Ara-C) and G-CSF). Patients received intensification with a single course of high dose Ara-C (24,000 mg/m2 total dose) and L-asparaginase unless a family donor was available when allogeneic transplant was performed. Genotype frequencies did not differ according to WBC at diagnosis, FAB group, cytogenetics or gender. The CDD variant C allele was more frequent in white children (36%) compared with black (9%), Hispanic (26%) and Asian children (11%), p= 0.00002. No significant differences in overall survival (OS) or event-free survival (EFS) were observed according to CDD genotype (5 yr OS 52 ± 7% for AA, 46 ± 8% for AC, 55 ± 15% for CC; p=0.56), (5 year EFS 40 ± 7% AA, 37 ± 7% AC, 41 ± 15% CC; p=0.90). However cumulative incidence of treatment related mortality (TRM) after two courses of chemotherapy was significantly elevated in children with the low activity CC genotype compared with AA and AC genotypes (5 year TRM 17 ± 13% CC (n=36) vs 7 ± 4% AA, 5 ± 4% AC (n=257), p= 0.019), reflecting events during intensification when the large majority of Ara-C therapy was given (24,000 mg/m2). TRM after 2 courses of chemotherapy, analyzed according to prior randomized therapy, was significantly increased in those children randomized to IDA-FLAG consolidation (5 year TRM 24 ± 20% CC vs 6 ± 6% AA, 6 ± 6% AC, p=0.017) but the increase was not statistically significant in those randomized to IDA-DCTER/DCTER prior to intensification (5 year TRM 15 ± 20% CC vs 8 ± 6% AA, 4 ± 6% AC; p=0.261). Relapse-free survival was increased in children with the CC genotype treated with IDA-FLAG but this was not statistically significant (76 ± 20% CC vs 59 ± 12% AA and 55 ± 14% AC; p= 0.104). These data suggest that children with a low activity CDD genotype are at increased risk of treatment-related mortality when treated with Ara-C based therapy for AML.
OSA module with ×4 mini MT and 45° fiber mirrors for 48 Gb/s optical link (2016)

OSA with ×4 mini MT and 45° fiber mirrors was proposed. The total optical loss from VCSEL to PD is less than 4dB. The eye diagrams of the OSA modules at 48Gb/s were demonstrated.
Bimodal antagonism of PKA signalling by ARHGAP36 (2016)

Protein kinase A is a key mediator of cAMP signalling downstream of G-protein-coupled receptors, a signalling pathway conserved in all eukaryotes. cAMP binding to the regulatory subunits (PKAR) relieves their inhibition of the catalytic subunits (PKAC). Here we report that ARHGAP36 combines two distinct inhibitory mechanisms to antagonise PKA signalling. First, it blocks PKAC activity via a pseudosubstrate motif, akin to the mechanism employed by the protein kinase inhibitor proteins. Second, it targets PKAC for rapid ubiquitin-mediated lysosomal degradation, a pathway usually reserved for transmembrane receptors. ARHGAP36 thus dampens the sensitivity of cells to cAMP. We show that PKA inhibition by ARHGAP36 promotes derepression of the Hedgehog signalling pathway, thereby providing a simple rationale for the upregulation of ARHGAP36 in medulloblastoma. Our work reveals a new layer of PKA regulation that may play an important role in development and disease.
Neue Phospha- und Arsa-Heterocyclen aus Cyclophosphanen bzw. -arsanen (ECF3)n (E = P, As; n = 4, 5) und 1,3-Dienen / Novel Phospha- and Arsa-Heterocycles from Cyclophosphanes or -arsanes (ECF3)n (E = P, As; n = 4, 5) and 1,3-Dienes (1995)

Reaction of the cyclotetraphosphane (PCF 3 ) 4 or of a mixture of (PCF 3 ) 4 and (PCF 3 ) 5 with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene or isoprene at 25 °C leads to the [4 + 2]-cycloadducts of bis(trifluoromethyl) diphosphene and the phospholene derivatives 2a and 2b, respectively, in the molar ratio diphosphinine/phospholene = 1/2. The analogous reactions of the cycloarsanes (AsCF 3 ) 4,5 give the Diels/Alder compounds 4 and 5 of bis(trifluoromethyl)diarsene in 90% yield without arsolene formation. Cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene and cis or trans piperylene do not react with (AsCF 3 ) 4,5 , up to temperatures of 60 °C. However, the corresponding [4 + 2]-cycloadducts 6 - 8 are produced by irradiation of the reaction mixture with UV light. The novel phospholenes 2a and 2b as well as the diarsinines 4 - 8 have been characterized by spectroscopic data (MS, NMR, IR). 2a was coordinated as a phosphane ligand to the pentacarbonylchromium fragment by reaction with the photochemically generated complex Cr(CO) 5 · THF to afford the new compound (3).
Implementation Analysis of a Dynamic Energy Management Approach Inspired by Game-Theory (2010)

MPSoC architectures bring flexibility and performance, but to avoid high power consumption, they still require a careful design. When taking into account variability in advanced CMOS technologies, individual optimization of each chip is necessary. In this paper, we present an approach based on Game Theory to address this issue at run-time in a distributed way, frequencies are dynamically adjusted according to changes in the system, so that power consumption is reduced while application constraints are fulfilled. Software and hardware solutions are proposed for different flexibility/performance trade-offs. Results show a latency of 5ms and an area of 0.014m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for the optimization stage in the hardware implementation. These figures are promising and allow envisaging run-time optimization on large-scale multi-cores.
Adaptive Fermentation Control by Microcomputer (1989)

ABSTRACT The growth kinetics of Sacharomyces Cerevisiae during batch type ethanol fermentations in grape must were defined in a simulation model. Software for monitoring the fermentation state with a pressure transducer and thermal sensor was derived from this model and tested in pilot and commercial scale experiments. It includes a transfer function, which can be recalibrated with current sensor data to predict system behavior. The algorithms for measurement, temperature control and fermentation forecasts required 18K bytes of RAM to serve up to eight tanks simultaneously.
A New Electromagnetic Crystal-Based Antenna for Ultrafast Radiolocation Applications (2006)

In this letter, a new antenna capable of radiolocating and tracking ultrafast targets is presented. Based on an electromagnetic crystal structure, the proposed antenna uses only one radiating element, and beam scanning is achieved by varying the frequency of the excitation signal. Thus, by exciting the antenna with a wideband signal, different patterns will be deployed simultaneously allowing the space covered by the antenna to be scanned instantaneously. This property makes the proposed antenna ideal to radiolocate ultrafast targets that cannot be tracked by the traditional phased antenna arrays. Moreover, the proposed radiolocation process has strong immunity against signal amplitude variations, which makes the new antenna suitable to operate in hostile environments. To present the developed approach, both theoretical study and numerical simulations using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method are given. To validate the developed approach, experimental measurements are also presented and discussed.
Energy Release Rate for a Crack in a Tilted Block (2000)

Abstract Approximate relations were obtained previously for the tilting stiffness of a rubber block bonded between two rigid plates, assuming linear elastic behavior. 1 They take into account restrictions placed on the deformation by the bonded surfaces, a feature that becomes extremely important for thin blocks of an incompressible material. Results are reviewed here for two special cases: an infinitely wide or a relatively narrow block. In both cases the length and width are assumed to be large compared to the block thickness. Approximate values are then derived for the energy release rate G for a relatively deep crack running into the block on the tension side, parallel to the bonded surface. Values for tilting stiffness and energy release rate have also been calculated by finite element analysis (FEA) for slightly compressible rubber blocks, with Poisson's ratio in the range: 0.49 to 0.5, and for blocks of various thicknesses. Good agreement is obtained with the approximate theory for deep cracks, when the assumptions on which the theory is based are more likely to be valid. Application of repeated tilting deformations to a bonded rubber block appears to be a simple way of measuring crack growth rates under mechanical fatigue. Moreover, a wide range of energy release rates can be employed using a single specimen.
WiFiTrace: Network-based Contact Tracing for Infectious Diseases Using Passive WiFi Sensing (2020)

Contact tracing is a well-established and effective approach for the containment of the spread of infectious diseases. While Bluetooth-based contact tracing method using phones has become popular recently, these approaches suffer from the need for a critical mass adoption to be effective. In this paper, we present WiFiTrace, a network-centric approach for contact tracing that relies on passive WiFi sensing with no client-side involvement. Our approach exploits WiFi network logs gathered by enterprise networks for performance and security monitoring, and utilizes them for reconstructing device trajectories for contact tracing. Our approach is specifically designed to enhance the efficacy of traditional methods, rather than to supplant them with new technology. We designed an efficient graph algorithm to scale our approach to large networks with tens of thousands of users. The graph-based approach outperforms an indexed PostgresSQL in memory by at least 4.5X without any index update overheads or blocking. We have implemented a full prototype of our system and deployed it on two large university campuses. We validated our approach and demonstrate its efficacy using case studies and detailed experiments using real-world WiFi datasets.
Thoracoscopic treatment for masses originated from intrathoracic nerves (1994)

SummaryThe indication for thoracoscopic surgery has expanded with advances in endoscopic surgical instrumentation. Thoracoscopic treatment of intrathoracic neurogenic tumour was performed in five patients: three tumours arose from the sympathetic chain with no intraspinal extension, one from the vagus nerve and one from the intercostal nerve. Of the five tumours, two were located in the superior mediastinum, two in the posterior mediastinum and one in the chest wall. Mean operation time and estimated blood loss were 161 min and 39 g, respectively. In all five patients, the chest tube was removed within 48 h of operation and there were no complications related to the thoracoscopic surgery. We conclude that thoracoscopic surgery should be considered for the treatment of intrathoracic neurogenic tumours which occur in adults and show no intraspinal extension.Key Words: thoracoscopyneurilemomaganglioneurilemomasympathetic nervevagal nerveintercostal nerve
Durvalumab for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (2019)

<b>Introduction</b>: The prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor, with a 5-year overall survival rate of around 15%. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, have opened a new era in the management of NSCLC. Three checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab) are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for advanced NSCLC. Durvalumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, is under investigation in several trials.<b>Areas covered</b>: This article reviews the pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy, and safety of durvalumab as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs for the treatment of locally advanced and advanced NSCLC.<b>Expert opinion</b>: Durvalumab as monotherapy or in combination with tremelimumab was effective with well-tolerated safety profiles for advanced NSCLC in several phase I or II studies. The PACIFIC study assessed the effectiveness of durvalumab as maintenance therapy following definitive chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage III NSCLC, and met its primary endpoints of progression-free survival and overall survival. These results led to FDA approval for this NSCLC population. It will be exciting to follow ongoing phase III studies assessing how durvalumab fits into the rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape for advanced NSCLC.
An Open Source Rule Induction Tool for Transfer-Based SMT (2009)

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