gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring Data Analytics Without Decompression on Embedded GPU Systems (2021)

With the development of computer architecture, even for embedded systems, GPU devices can be integrated, providing outstanding performance and energy efficiency to meet the requirements of different industries, applications, and deployment environments. Data analytics is an important application scenario for embedded systems. Unfortunately, due to the limitation of the capacity of the embedded device, the scale of problems handled by the embedded system is limited. In this paper, we propose a novel data analytics method, called G-TADOC, for efficient text analytics directly on compression on embedded GPU systems. A large amount of data can be compressed and stored in embedded systems, and can be processed directly in the compressed state, which greatly enhances the processing capabilities of the systems. Particularly, G-TADOC has three innovations. First, a novel fine-grained thread-level workload scheduling strategy for GPU threads has been developed, which partitions heavily-dependent loads adaptively in a fine-grained manner. Second, a GPU thread-safe memory pool has been developed to handle inconsistency with low synchronization overheads. Third, a sequence-support strategy is provided to maintain high GPU parallelism while ensuring sequence information for lossless compression. Moreover, G-TADOC involves special optimizations for embedded GPUs, such as utilizing the CPU-GPU shared unified memory. Experiments show that G-TADOC provides 13.2× average speedup compared to the state-of-the-art TADOC. G-TADOC also improves performance-per-cost by 2.6× and energy efficiency by 32.5× over TADOC.
Photonic nanoarchitectures in butterflies and beetles: valuable sources for bioinspiration (2010)

Abstract Nature began developing photonic nanoarchitectures millions of years before humankind. Often, in the living world, color is a communication channel that may influence the chance of the individual surviving as well as the chance to reproduce. Therefore, natural color‐generating structures are highly optimized by many millennia of evolution. In this review, a survey is presented of the development of natural photonic crystal‐type nanoarchitectures occurring in butterflies and beetles from the standpoint of physics and materials science, covering the past ten years. One‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional structures are reviewed, emphasizing the role that disorder, or irregularity, may play in natural nanoarchitectures to achieve certain visual effects. The characterization, modeling methods, and rapidly growing number of bioinspired or biomimetic applications are discussed.
Improved production of monoclonal antibodies against the LcrV antigen of Yersinia pestis using FACS-aided hybridoma selection (2018)

For about four decades, hybridoma technologies have been the "work horse" of monoclonal antibody production. These techniques proved to be robust and reliable, albeit laborious. Over the years, several major improvements have been introduced into the field, but yet, antibody production still requires many hours of labor and considerable resources. In this work, we present a leap forward in the advancement of hybridoma-based monoclonal antibody production, which saves labor and time and increases yield, by combining hybridoma technology, fluorescent particles and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). By taking advantage of the hybridomas' cell-surface associated antibodies, we can differentiate between antigen-specific and non-specific cells, based on their ability to bind the particles. The speed and efficiency of antibody discovery, and subsequent cell cloning, are of high importance in the field of infectious diseases. Therefore, as a model system, we chose the protein LcrV, a major virulence factor of the plague pathogen <i>Yersinia</i> pestis, an important re-emerging pathogen and a possible bioterror agent.
404 (2015)

Daileda, Taylor; John, Mathews; Chen, Shukai; Clark, Elisa; Sutter, Morgan; Ganapathy, Anand; Arevalos, Christopher; Razavi, Mehdi
Flexible electronics sensors for tactile multiscanning (2009)

Flexible electronics sensors are designed and fabricated for tactile multiscanning and large area applications. The algorithm matrix is derived for multiscanning switch of tactile sensing. The thixotropy materials, bump, and resistance material are printed on the polyimide substrate. A gap between the top electrode and the resistance layers provides a buffer distance to increase the radius of curvature for large bending. Experiment results show that a flexible electronics sensor with a printed a resistance layer and an algorithm matrix performed the multiscanning functions. The membrane without a bump had a delay time of about 0.2 s at the transient response and took a longer time to reach the stable state after a force is applied. For printing thick structures on the flexible substrates, diffusion effects, and dimensional shrinkages can be reduced by using a thixotropy material with a high viscosity. The probability distribution density of the printed resistance values, a thickness of about 23.2 microm, at two standard deviations from the mean values is about 81.2%. Feasibility studies show that screen printing is appropriate for large area applications and is a low-cost technology for fabricating flexible electronics sensors.
Application of Intentional Mistuning to Reduce the Vibration Susceptibility of a Steam Turbine Wheel (2022)

Abstract Intentional mistuning is employed for a last stage turbine wheel featuring 51 blades to alleviate both the flutter susceptibility and maximum forced response. Primarily, operations at nominal speed under part-load conditions may cause unfavorable flow conditions facilitating flow separation. As a consequence, the original design intention with identical blades features negative aerodynamic damping ratios with respect to the first bending mode family. In order to prevent any self-excited vibration phenomena, intentional alternate mistuning is utilized to increase the least aerodynamic damping ratio as far as it takes a positive value and hence, to contribute to a stabilization of the rotor. For the purpose of numerically analyzing the vibration behavior, reduced order models are built up, which are based on modal reduction techniques, namely the subset of nominal system modes and the fundamental mistuning model. These types of models conveniently allow for considering both different mistuning distributions in terms of probabilistic analyses and the aeroelastic interaction by means of prescribing aerodynamic damping ratios and aeroelastic natural frequencies of the tuned counterpart or aerodynamic influence coefficients, respectively. A detailed study is presented regarding the correction of frequency mistuning magnitudes in terms of considering the impact of centrifugal stiffening, which plays a significant role in case of long low pressure turbine blades featuring high aspect ratios. Since alternate intentional mistuning cannot be implemented perfectly, every bladed wheel as manufactured will exhibit small but unavoidable structural deviations from the design intention, which are known as random mistuning. To ensure the robustness of the intentional mistuning solution in terms of positive aerodynamic damping ratios at any time, comprehensive probabilistic analyses are conducted with respect to superimposing random structural mistuning at first. Secondly, the impact of varying mistuning magnitude is analyzed. Thirdly, the robustness towards aerodynamic mistuning is investigated by means of small variations of aeroelastic influence coefficients and consequently, the inter blade phase angle dependent aerodynamic damping curves. Moreover, it becomes apparent that alternate intentional mistuning superimposed with both, random structural and aerodynamic mistuning also mitigates the maximum forced response at part-speed conditions.
Medical Image Compression by Applying 3D DWT in PACS (1999)

在转存的一幅实际图画和通讯系统(PACS ) 的图象压缩的过程与详细被讨论。为了充分减少在容量的图象集合存在的内部片的关联，由 CT 和先生产生了， 3D 分离小浪转变(DWT ) 在我们的应用程序被介绍。而不是使用无损失的低频率的固定 quantizer 和高频率的不同损失，适应 quantizer 被设计作为表演索引拿 MSE。在低频率 subband， DPCM 是代替的 withS+P 变换便于编码计算。与 JPEG 或 2D DWT 相比，我们的方法更是 20%50% 有效。而且，初步的测试证明 33 dB 可以是为 CT 图象的最大的失真阀值。
Giant magnetoresistance scanning of magnetic self-sensing composites (2019)

Abstract Fiber-reinforced composite materials possess excellent strength-to-weight ratios, making them especially useful in industries like aerospace where weight is critical. However, the brittle nature of fiber-reinforced composites allows damage to propagate quickly. Additionally, damage to composite materials is typically difficult to detect. This combination of damage sensitivity and challenging damage detection can lead to conservative designs that are heavier and costlier than necessary. In this study, a technique for characterizing damage in a unique self-sensing composite material is described. This is accomplished using magnetic particles autonomically formed in situ to highlight internal damage. A scanner based on GMR sensors is used to measure the location and size of damage, with an accuracy of up to 91% when compared to C-scan. This non-contact method provides several benefits, including requiring only one side of access to the material, good scanning speeds, and low cost. Here, the performance of this scanning system is characterized in detail. The NDE effectiveness is investigated with studies of scan resolution, scan accuracy, minimum detectable size, maximum detectable depth, and the effect of flaw orientation and particle concentration. Additionally, the spatial resolution and correlation of the response to the actual damage size compared to C-scan ultrasound will be discussed.
Carbon Flux as a Measure of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: [11C]-Acetate PET/CT (2020)

<b>Purpose</b>: Dynamic [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to study tissue perfusion and carbon flux simultaneously. In this study, the feasibility of the quantification of prostate cancer aggressiveness using parametric methods assessing [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate kinetics was investigated in prostate cancer subjects. The underlying uptake mechanism correlated with [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate influx and efflux measured in real-time in vitro in cell culture. <b>Methods</b>: Twenty-one patients with newly diagnosed low-to-moderate risk prostate cancer underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate PET/CT examinations of the pelvis. Parametric images of K<sub>1</sub> (extraction × perfusion), k<sub>2</sub> (oxidative metabolism) and V<sub>T</sub> (=K<sub>1</sub>/k<sub>2</sub>, anabolic metabolism defined as carbon retention) were constructed using a one-tissue compartment model with an arterial input function derived from pelvic arteries. Regions of interest (ROIs) of the largest cancer lesion in each patient and normal prostate tissue were drawn using information from MRI (T2 and DWI images), biopsy results, and post-surgical histopathology of whole prostate sections (n=7). In vitro kinetics of [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate were studied on DU145 and PC3 cell lines using LigandTracer<sup>®</sup> White equipment for the measurement of the radioactivity uptake in real-time at 37°C. <b>Results</b>: Mean prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 8.33±3.92 ng/mL and median Gleason Sum 6 (range 5-7). K<sub>1</sub>, V<sub>T</sub> and standardized uptake values (SUVs) were significantly higher in cancerous prostate tissues compared to normal ones for all patients (p<0.001), while k<sub>2</sub> was not (p=0.26). PSA values correlated to early SUVs (r=0.50, p=0.02) and K<sub>1</sub> (r=0.48, p=0.03). Early and late SUVs correlated to V<sub>T</sub> (r>0.76, p<0.001) and K<sub>1</sub> (r>0.64, p<0.005). In vitro studies demonstrated higher extraction and retention (p<0.01) of [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate in the more aggressive PC3 cells. <b>Conclusion</b>: Parametric images could be used to visualize the [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate kinetics of the prostate cancer exhibiting elevated extraction associated with the cancer aggressiveness. The influx rate of [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate studied in cell culture also showed dependence on the cancer aggressiveness associated with elevated lipogenesis. Dynamic [<sup>11</sup>C]-acetate/PET demonstrated potential for prostate cancer aggressiveness estimation using parametric-based K<sub>1</sub> and V<sub>T</sub> values.
An Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Surveillance Networks (2010)

Data transmitted in large scale wireless sensor surveillance networks is highly spatial correlated resulting in transmission of redundant data, which increase the energy consumption. So it has been proposed to select a subset of sensors nodes to transmit their data so as to prevent transmission of redundant data. In this paper, we investigate the ways of selecting sensor nodes and develop a novel spatial correlation-based energy efficient MAC protocol, referred as SEMAC. SEMAC adopts priority node selection algorithm based on node's signal strength and collision avoidance mechanism so that transmission of redundant data is prevented while prioritizes the transmission of route-thru packets. Simulation results show that our protocol achieves higher performance than CC-MAC in terms of energy consumption, transmission latency, packet delivery rate and reconstruction distortion.
High temperature annealing and CVD growth of few-layer graphene on bulk AlN and AlN templates (2017)

Graphene and AlN are promising materials, interesting to combine together. In this study, we will present first results for direct growth of graphene on bulk AlN and on AlN templates using chemical vapor deposition, including the annealing of these substrates at high temperatures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enabled us to study the evolution of the AlN surface morphology after annealing and growth. Few-layer graphene deposition is demonstrated on the basis of X-ray photoemission and Raman spectroscopy. AFM view of graphene wrinkles on the N-face of bulk AlN.
Prospects for an Effective Vaccination Against Herpesviruses (1981)

Herpes virus vaccines should prevent the symptoms of primary infections and should abolish or at least reduce recurrent herpetic lesions. The present state of the development of vaccines against herpes simplex virus and other herpes group viruses is briefly reviewed and the prospects for an effective control of herpesviruses by vaccination are discussed. Recent data indicating reinfection with different virus strains in previously infected individuals resulting in herpes simplex virus latency stress the problems in controlling herpetic diseases.
GLRT-Optimal Noncoherent Lattice Decoding (2007)

This paper presents new low-complexity lattice-decoding algorithms for noncoherent block detection of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signals over complex-valued fading channels. The algorithms are optimal in terms of the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT). The computational complexity is polynomial in the block length; making GLRT-optimal noncoherent detection feasible for implementation. We also provide even lower complexity suboptimal algorithms. Simulations show that the suboptimal algorithms have performance indistinguishable from the optimal algorithms. Finally, we consider block-based transmission, and propose to use noncoherent detection as an alternative to pilot-assisted transmission (PAT). The new technique is shown to outperform PAT.
Direct amidation of metallaaromatics: access to N-functionalized osmapentalynes via a 1,5-bromoamidated intermediate (2021)

The direct C-H amidation or imidation of metallaaromatics with <i>N</i>-bromoamides or imides has been achieved under mild conditions and leads to the formation of a family of <i>N</i>-functionalized metallapentalyne derivatives. A unique 1,5-bromoamidated species has been identified, and can be viewed as a σ<sup>H</sup>-adduct intermediate in a nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The 1,5-addition of both electrophilic and nucleophilic moieties into the metallaaromatic framework demonstrates a novel pathway in contrast to the typical radical process of arene C-H amidation involving <i>N</i>-haloamide reagents.
L1 Division and Differentiation Patterns Influence Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance (2006)

Plant development requires regulation of both cell division and differentiation. The class 1 KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) genes such as knotted1 (kn1) in maize (Zea mays) and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) play a role in maintaining shoot apical meristem indeterminacy, and their misexpression is sufficient to induce cell division and meristem formation. KNOX overexpression experiments have shown that these genes interact with the cytokinin, auxin, and gibberellin pathways. The L1 layer has been shown to be necessary for the maintenance of indeterminacy in the underlying meristem layers. This work explores the possibility that the L1 affects meristem function by disrupting hormone transport pathways. The semidominant Extra cell layers1 (Xcl1) mutation in maize leads to the production of multiple epidermal layers by overproduction of a normal gene product. Meristem size is reduced in mutant plants and more cells are incorporated into the incipient leaf primordium. Thus, Xcl1 may provide a link between L1 division patterns, hormonal pathways, and meristem maintenance. We used double mutants between Xcl1 and dominant KNOX mutants and showed that Xcl1 suppresses the Kn1 phenotype but has a synergistic interaction with gnarley1 and rough sheath1, possibly correlated with changes in gibberellin and auxin signaling. In addition, double mutants between Xcl1 and crinkly4 had defects in shoot meristem maintenance. Thus, proper L1 development is essential for meristem function, and XCL1 may act to coordinate hormonal effects with KNOX gene function at the shoot apex.
Effectiveness of Pseudoephedrine as Adjunctive Therapy for Neurogenic Shock After Acute Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series (2013)

These data suggest that pseudoephedrine is an effective adjunctive therapy in facilitating the discontinuation of intravenous vasopressors and/or atropine in patients with acute SCI with neurogenic shock, although patients will typically require long durations of therapy.
Proteome dynamics and early salt stress response of the photosynthetic organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2012)

To investigate the temporal co-regulation of the proteome and metabolome, we applied salt stress to Chlamydomonas and studied the time dependent regulation of protein expression and changes in the metabolome. The main metabolic response to salt stress was observed within the amino acid metabolism. In particular, proline was up-regulated manifold and according to that an increased carbon flow within the proline biosynthetic pathway could be measured. In parallel the analysis of abundance and de novo synthesis of the corresponding enzymes revealed that metabolic rearrangements precede adjustments of protein abundance.
Numerical Simulations of Noisy Variational Quantum Eigensolver Ansatz Circuits (2021)

This is a case study of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) method using numerical simulations to test the influence of noise on the accuracy of the underlying circuit ansatz. We investigate a computational chemistry application of VQE to calculate the electronic ground state and its energy for Sodium Hydride (NaH), a prototypical two-electron problem. Using a one-parameter ansatz derived from unitary coupled cluster (UCC) theory, we simulate the effects of noise on the energy expectation value and variance with respect to the ansatz parameter. These numerical simulations provide insights into the accuracy of the prepared quantum state and the efficiency of the classical optimizer that iteratively refines the ansatz. We conduct a comparative study between analytical results derived for the UCC ansatz in the absence of noise and the noisy numerical simulation results obtained using an isotropic depolarizing noise model for each gate. We also compare the relative increase in noise on logically equivalent UCC ansatz circuits generated by randomized compiling. Notably, we observe that the intrinsic variance in the energy due to the simplicity of the ansatz itself compares with the noise induced by the bare circuit.
Fostering Sustainable Quality Assurance Practices in Outcome-Based Education: Lessons Learned from ABET Accreditation Process of Computing Programs (2020)

Education is an important enabler for economic uplift of a society and academic institutions need to deliver quality education to equip students with required skills to excel in their professional careers. Due to international initiatives such as Washington and Seoul accords, outcome-based education has gained significant interest from industry, academia, governments, accreditation bodies and students. Outcome-based education is a paradigm shift form conventional education approach and its successful adoption requires sustainable quality practices by higher education institutions. Fostering quality assurance processes for outcome-based education requires careful planning and active collaboration among stakeholders. However, due to the sparse body of knowledge about quality processes in outcome-based education, many academic institutions rely on ad hoc practices, resulting in a trial and error approach. In this paper, we present set of guidelines which can help academic institutions to deploy sustainable practices in their academic programs. We document important guidelines to deliver outcome-based education based on our longitudinal work of ABET accreditation process of three different computing programs (Computer Science, Computer Information Systems, and Cyber Security and Digital Forensics). The successful application of proposed guidelines helps to foster sustainable quality practices in academic programs.
Successful correction of hemophilia by CRISPR /Cas9 genome editing in vivo : delivery vector and immune responses are the key to success (2016)

Abstract Hemophilia B is a serious hemostasis disorder due to mutations of the factor IX gene in the X chromosome. Gene therapy has gained momentum in recent years as a therapeutic option for hemophilia B. In hemophilia, reconstitution with a mere 1–2% of the clotting factor improves the quality of life, while 5–20% suffices to ameliorate the bleeding disorder. A paper by Guan et al (2016) in this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine reports on the direct CRISPRs/Cas9‐mediated correction in the liver of a hemophilia‐causing point mutation in FIX.
A new hypothesis (1993)

The authors have hypothesized that iodine-deficiency (I-def) or in some cases iodine-excess (I-excess) is associated with the development of gastric cancer. They report a short review of their own work and general literature on this subject in three fields: (1) epidemiology, where geographical and temporal correlations between territories with I-def (or I-excess) endemic goitre and high GC-death rate are reported; (2) immunology, where the possible correlations between I-def, immune-deficiency and GC are reported; and (3) thyroid gland and stomach correlations, both being embryologically derived from primitive gut and able to concentrate iodine. This ability is impaired by nitrates, thiocyanate, salt and by I-excess, which in fact can cause goitre. In our study I-def goitrous people have shown more atrophic gastritis than normal subjects. These data enable us to hypothesize that I-def or I-excess might constitute a new risk factor for gastric cancer, both by regulating gastric trophism and by antagonizing the action of those I-inhibitors (such as nitrates, thiocyanate and salt) previously studied as risk factors for gastric cancer.