gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rough-sea deghosting of streamer seismic data using pressure gradient approximations (2005)

Abstract A new method is presented for seismic deghosting of towed streamer data acquired in rough seas. The deghosting scheme combines pressure recordings along one or several cables with an estimate of the vertical pressure gradient (or the vertical component of the particle velocity). The estimation of the vertical pressure gradient requires continuous elevation measurements of the wave height directly above the receivers. The vertical pressure gradient estimate is obtained by spatially weighting the pressure field. Each spatial weight generally is the product of two weight functions. The first is a function of partial derivatives acting solely along the horizontal Cartesian coordinates. It can be implemented by finite-difference or Fourier derivative operations. The second is a function of the vertical Cartesian coordinate and accounts for the varying sea state. This weight can be changed from one receiver to the next, making the deghosting a local process. Integrated with the measured pressure field, the estimate of the vertical pressure gradient also enables other seismic processing opportunities beyond deghosting.
Reproducible Molecular Networking Of Untargeted Mass Spectrometry Data Using GNPS. (2019)

Herein, we present a protocol for the use of Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking, an interactive online chemistry-focused mass spectrometry data curation and analysis infrastructure. The goal of GNPS is to provide as much chemical insight for an untargeted tandem mass spectrometry data set as possible and to connect this chemical insight to the underlying biological questions a user wishers to address. This can be performed within one experiment or at the repository scale. GNPS not only serves as a public data repository for untargeted tandem mass spectrometry data with the sample information (metadata), it also captures community knowledge that is disseminated via living data across all public data. One or the main analysis tools used by the GNPS community is molecular networking. Molecular networking creates a structured data table that reflects the chemical space from tandem mass spectrometry experiments via computing the relationships of the tandem mass spectra through spectral similarity. This protocol provides step-by-step instructions for creating reproducible high-quality molecular networks. For training purposes, the reader is led through the protocol from recalling a public data set and its sample information to creating and interpreting a molecular network. Each data analysis job can be shared or cloned to disseminate the knowledge gained, thus propagating information that can lead to the discovery of molecules, metabolic pathways, and ecosystem/community interactions.
One-Step Solvent Evaporation-Assisted 3D Printing of Piezoelectric PVDF Nanocomposite Structures (2017)

Development of a 3D printable material system possessing inherent piezoelectric properties to fabricate integrable sensors in a single-step printing process without poling is of importance to the creation of a wide variety of smart structures. Here, we study the effect of addition of barium titanate nanoparticles in nucleating piezoelectric β-polymorph in 3D printable polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and fabrication of the layer-by-layer and self-supporting piezoelectric structures on a micro- to millimeter scale by solvent evaporation-assisted 3D printing at room temperature. The nanocomposite formulation obtained after a comprehensive investigation of composition and processing techniques possesses a piezoelectric coefficient, d<sub>31</sub>, of 18 pC N<sup>-1</sup>, which is comparable to that of typical poled and stretched commercial PVDF film sensors. A 3D contact sensor that generates up to 4 V upon gentle finger taps demonstrates the efficacy of the fabrication technique. Our one-step 3D printing of piezoelectric nanocomposites can form ready-to-use, complex-shaped, flexible, and lightweight piezoelectric devices. When combined with other 3D printable materials, they could serve as stand-alone or embedded sensors in aerospace, biomedicine, and robotic applications.
Synthetic Analogues Relevant to the Structure and Function of Zinc Enzymes (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Bayesian tissue segmentation of multispectral brain images (2004)

The paper addresses the issue of segmenting simultaneously acquired multispectral magnetic resonance (MR) head scans into tissue classes in a synergetic way. Previous methods have only taken a maximum likelihood approach. We extend the approach by incorporating image priors. Since the independence of T/sub 2/ weighted and proton density (PD) images is not valid, the combined probability of the two images are modeled is a bivariate Gaussian function giving the conditional probability. For the prior model, a multi-level logistic model (MLL) is employed. The maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate is taken by optimizing the probability of a voxel being a particular tissue type given the corresponding probabilities from both images and the image prior probability. Due to the intractability of minimising the global energy, an iterative suboptimal approach is used instead. Experiments on simultaneously acquired proton density (PD) and T2 weighted images showed encouraging results.
Voltage source converter MPC with optimized pulse patterns and minimization of integrated squared tracking error (2017)

Model predictive control schemes for power electronic applications are characterized by a great variety of problem formulations. In this paper, we consider a three phase voltage source converter with an arbitrary number of voltage levels and derive a model predictive control scheme involving a combination of optimized pulse patterns and the integral of squared predicted tracking error as a cost function. We obtain a nonlinear optimization problem with the switching times as optimization variables, and solve it using gradient projection algorithm. To obtain an easier optimization problem to be solved on-line, a linearization around nominal switching instants is performed bringing the problem to a quadratic programming form. Simulation results demonstrating the performance of the derived scheme are provided for the case of a grid-tied converter with LCL filter.
Rita—an editor and user interface for manipulating structured documents (1991)

This paper describes Rita, its user interface and some of its internal structure and algorithms, and relates anecdotal user experiences. Comparisons are also made with other commercial and experimental systems.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of magnetoelectric effect for bending-tension coupled modes in magnetostrictive-piezoelectric layered composites (2012)

In this paper, we discuss a theoretical model with experimental verification for the resonance enhancement of magnetoelectric (ME) interactions at frequencies corresponding to bending-tension oscillations. A dynamic theory of arbitrary laminated magneto-elasto-electric bars was constructed. The model included bending and longitudinal vibration effects for predicting ME coefficients in laminate bar composite structures consisting of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric, and pure elastic layers. The thickness dependence of stress, strain, and magnetic and electric fields within a sample are taken into account, as such the bending deformations should be considered in an applied magnetic or electric field. The frequency dependence of the ME voltage coefficients has obtained by solving electrostatic, magnetostatic, and elastodynamic equations. We consider boundary conditions corresponding to free vibrations at both ends. As a demonstration, our theory for multilayer ME composites was then applied to ferromagnetic-ferroelectric bilayers, specifically Metglas-PZT ones. A theoretical model is presented for static (low-frequency) ME effects in such bilayers. We also performed experiments for these Metglas-PZT bilayers and analyzed the influence of Metglas geometry (length and thickness) and Metglas/PZT volume fraction on the ME coefficient. The frequency dependence of the ME coefficient is also presented for different geometries (length, thickness) of Metglas. The theory shows good agreement with experimental data, even near the resonance frequency.
Nanometer-Scale Carrier Imaging of Potential-Induced Degradation in c-Si Solar Cells (2017)

We report on nm-resolution imaging of chargecarrier distribution around local potential-induced degradation (PID) defects using scanning capacitance microscopy. We imaged cross sections of heavily field-degraded module areas as cored out and selected by mm-scale photoluminescence imaging. Localized areas with abnormal carrier behavior or junction damage were found: the apparent n-type carrier extends vertically into the absorber to ~1-2 μm from the cell surface, and laterally in similar lengths; in defect-free areas, the n-type carrier extends ~0.5 μm, which is consistent with the junction depth. For comparison, we also investigated areas of the same module exhibiting less PID stress, and did not find any such heavily damaged junction area. Instead, we found slightly abnormal carrier behavior, where the carrier-type inversion in the absorber did not occur, but the p-type carrier concentration changed slightly in a much smaller lateral length of ~300 nm. These nanoelectrical findings suggest that the existing extended defects, which may not be significantly harmful to cell performance, were changed by PID to heavily damaged junction areas.
High-speed decoding of BCH codes (Corresp.) (1981)

A general algorithm is derived for the calculation of the error location polynomial in decoding a Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenguem (BCH) code. A shorter decoding time is required by the algorithm for low-weight errors because only a subset of the syndrome equations are to be satisfied. The application of the general algorithm to Berlekamp's algorithm is also presented.
Double-Checked Locking An Optimization Pattern for Efficiently Initializing and Accessing Thread-safe Objects (1998)

This paper shows how the canonical implementation [1] of the Singleton pattern does not work correctly in the presence of preemptive multi-tasking or true parallelism. To solve this problem, we present the Double-Checked Locking optimization pattern. This pattern is useful for reducing contention and synchronization overhead whenever &amp;quot;critical sections&amp;quot; of code should be executed just once. In addition, Double-Checked Locking illustrates how changes in underlying forces (i.e., adding multi-threading and parallelism to the common Singleton use-case) can impact the form and content of patterns used to develop concurrent software. 1Intent The Double-Checked Locking optimization pattern reduces contention and synchronization overhead whenever &amp;quot;critical sections&amp;quot; of code need to acquire locks just once, but must be thread-safe when they do acquire locks. 2 Also Known As Lock Hint [2] 3 Motivation 3.1 The Canonical Singleton Developing correct and efficient concurrent applications is ...
Two-dimensional magnetic microsensor with on-chip signal processing for contactless angle measurement (1996)

The reported CMOS microsystem is the key element for accurate angle measurements. In combination with a permanent magnet, it is used for various wear free angular positioning control systems for automotive and industrial applications covering the full 360/spl deg/ range. The integrated system includes a two-dimensional (2-D) magnetic microsensor (30/spl times/30 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ active area), offset compensation, and signal conditioning circuitry. A novel approach for the angle calculation is presented using an on-board incremental ADC. A bitstream representing the angular position of the applied permanent magnet is provided at the system output. The system achieves a 1/spl deg/ angular resolution with 9 mW power consumption and a permanent magnet of 100 mT. The chip is fabricated in a generic 2-/spl mu/m, double-poly, double-metal CMOS process and covers an area of 2.6/spl times/4.1 mm/sup 2/.
Breeding behavior of an autotriploid in Hyoscyamus muticus L. (1990)

Breeding behavior of an autotriploid Hyoscyamus muticus (3n=3x=42) was determined by studying the meiotic chromosome constitution of the 122 plants from 3n-selfed and 2n×3n and 3n×2n crosses. Of these, 109 (89.3%) were diploids with 28 chromosomes and 13 (10.7%) were aneuploids with 29 to 32 chromosomes. The recovery of only 32 as the highest chromosome number in the progeny suggested that the maximum number of extra chromosomes tolerated by this species is four. The aneuploids with up to four extra chromosomes were obtained only in the progeny of 3n-selfed and 3n×2n cross indicating female transmission of the extra chromosomes. Of the 13 aneuploids in the progeny of autotriploid, six plants with 29 chromosomes, four plants with 30 chromosomes, one plant with 31 chromosomes and two plants with 32 chromosomes were positively identified as single primary trisomics (2n+1), double primary trisomics (2n+1+1), triple primary trisomic (2n+1+1+1) and quadruple primary trisomics (2n+1+1+1+1), respectively, on the basis of their meiotic chromosome pairing behavior. The 3n×2n cross produced higher percentage of single primary trisomics than did 3n-selfed.
Phylogenetic Characterization of a Polychlorinated-Dioxin- Dechlorinating Microbial Community by Use of Microcosm Studies (2005)

Microcosms capable of reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were constructed in glass bottles by seeding them with a polluted river sediment and incubating them anaerobically with an organic medium. All of the PCDD/F congeners detected were equally reduced without the accumulation of significant amounts of less-chlorinated congeners as the intermediate or end products. Alternatively, large amounts of catechol and salicylic acid were produced in the upper aqueous phase. Thus, the dechlorination of PCDD/Fs and the oxidative degradation of the dechlorinated products seemed to take place simultaneously in the microcosm. Denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and clone library analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes from the microcosm showed that members of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes predominated. A significant number of Chloroflexi clones were also detected. Quantitative real-time PCR with specific primer sets showed that the 16S rRNA genes of a putative dechlorinator, "Dehalococcoides," and its relatives accounted for 0.1% of the total rRNA gene copies of the microcosm. Most of the clones thus obtained formed a cluster distinct from the typical "Dehalococcoides" group. Quinone profiling indicated that ubiquinones accounted for 18 to 25% of the total quinone content, suggesting the coexistence and activity of ubiquinone-containing aerobic bacteria. These results suggest that the apparent complete dechlorination of PCDD/Fs found in the microcosm was due to a combination of the dechlorinating activity of the "Dehalococcoides"-like organisms and the oxidative degradation of the dechlorinated products by aerobic bacteria with aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases.
Abstract 15969: Impact of a Comprehensive ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Protocol on Outcomes of Patients Excluded From Door to Balloon Time Public Reporting (2017)

Introduction: A subset of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients were excluded from door to balloon time (D2BT) public reporting based on criteria set by the Center for Medicare and Me...
Stable and oxidant responsive zwitterionic nanoclusters (2018)

Zwitterions are promising ligands for the fabrication of non-toxic and non-interacting biomaterials. Sulfonamide-based monothiol zwitterionic ligands on gold nanocluster (AuNC) surfaces provide nanomaterials with stable colloidal properties and intense red emission in biological environments. The fluorescence intensity of the nanocluster can be modulated by reactive oxygen species (e.g. ˙OH), allowing for quantitative and selective sensing of antioxidants (e.g. ascorbic acid) in real time.
A Comparison of Pituitary Cells from Lean and Obese Zucker Rats (1983)

Pituitary cells were isolated from lean and obese Zucker rats and compared with the use of two approaches. The first approach was to evaluate the capacity of an equal number of pituitary cells to stimulate growth in hypophysectomized rats. The rats implanted with lean pituitary cells grew at a similar rate as rats implanted with obese pituitary cells. Body composition was also determined to be similar in those rats receiving lean and obese rat pituitary cells. The second approach was to evaluate the in vitro secretory capacity of rat pituitary cells when placed in a superfusion system. Basal and stimulated growth hormone release was the same for lean and obese rat pituitary cells. These data support the hypothesis that the low level of serum growth hormone found in the Zucker obese rat is the result of a hypothalamic disorder and not a pituitary cell defect.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. and Zucc (2013)

&nbsp; Kielmeyera coriaceae Mart. and Zucc. belongs to Clusiaceae family and is largely distributed in the cerrado Brazilian biome. In this study, phytochemical screening, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aerial parts of the K. coriacea were evaluated. The extracts showed the presence of terpenoids, saponins, triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. Ethanolic extract and partitions of plant parts of K. coriacea showed a very strong antioxidant activity, in particular, the inner bark of the plant. The ethanolic extract and the cyclohexane fraction of the inner bark showed high antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 3.1 and 100 &mu;g ml&minus;1. The cyclohexane fraction was the most active with CIMs of 6.2 &mu;g ml&minus;1 for most of the tested bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, the main etiological agent of dental caries. The ethanolic extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis, with MIC value â€‹â€‹of 3.1 &mu;g ml&minus;1, a value lower than that found by the positive control. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities could be due to the different phytochemical classes presented in the ethanolic extract and partitions studied. The antioxidant activity and the antimicrobial activity showed by the ethanolic extract and cyclohexene fraction of the inner bark were considered promising. &nbsp; Key words: Kielmeyera coriacea, Clusiaceae, extracts phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities
Calcium Carbonate Scale Dissolution in Water Stabilized by Carbon Dioxide Treatment (1990)

Calcium carbonate scale in potable water systems (especially hot-water pipes and exchangers) can restrict pipe flow, causing severe head loss and reducing heat transfer capacity. Chemical and mechanical methods of cleaning the distribution systems are considered unsafe for potable supplies due to the human health hazard. As a result, the only alternative may be complete pipe replacement--which can be very expensive.
Identification and quantification of glycerolipids in cotton fibers: Reconciliation with metabolic pathway predictions from DNA databases (2005)

The lipid profiles of cotton fiber cells were determined from total lipid extracts of elongating and maturing cotton fiber cells to see whether the membrane lipid composition changed during the phases of rapid cell elongation or secondary cell wall thickening. Total FA content was highest or increased during elongation and was lower or decreased thereafter, likely reflecting the assembly of the expanding cell membranes during elongation and the shift to membrane maintenance (and increase in secondary cell wall content) in maturing fibers. Analysis of lipid extracts by electrospray ionization and tandem MS (ESI-MS/MS) revealed that in elongating fiber cells (7-10 d post-anthesis), the polar lipids-PC, PE, PI, PA, phosphatidylglycerol, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol-were most abundant. These same glycerolipids were found in similar proportions in maturing fiber cells (21 dpa). Detailed molecular species profiles were determined by ESI-MS/MS for all glycerolipid classes, and ESI-MS/MS results were consistent with lipid profiles determined by HPLC and ELSD. The predominant molecular species of PC, PE, PI, and PA was 34:3 (16:0, 18:3), but 36:6 (18:3,18:3) also was prevalent. Total FA analysis of cotton lipids confirmed that indeed linolenic (18:3) and palmitic (16:0) acids were the most abundant FA in these cell types. Bioinformatics data were mined from cotton fiber expressed sequence tag databases in an attempt to reconcile expression of lipid metabolic enzymes with lipid metabolite data. Together, these data form a foundation for future studies of the functional contribution of lipid metabolism to the development of this unusual and economically important cell type.
Métabolisme hépatique des acides aminés chez l'agneau en croissance : approches in vivo, ex vivo et modélisation (2008)

National audience
Production of Ceramides Causes Apoptosis during Early Neural Differentiation in Vitro (2000)

To investigate signal transduction pathways leading to apoptosis during the early phase of neurogenesis, we employed PCC7-Mz1 cells, which cease to proliferate and begin to differentiate into a stable pattern of neurons, astroglial cells, and fibroblasts upon incubation with retinoic acid (RA). As part of lineage determination, a sizable fraction of RA-treated cultures die by apoptosis. Applying natural long-chain C(16)-ceramides as well as membrane-permeable C(2)/C(6)-ceramide analogs caused apoptosis, whereas the biologically nonactive C(2)-dihydroceramide did not. Treating PCC7-Mz1 stem cells with a neutral sphingomyelinase or with the ceramidase inhibitor N-oleoylethanolamine elevated the endogenous ceramide levels and concomitantly induced apoptosis. Addition of RA caused an increase in ceramide levels within 3-5 h, which reached a maximum (up to 3.5-fold of control) between days 1 and 3 of differentiation. Differentiated PCC7-Mz1 cells did not respond with ceramide formation and apoptosis to RA treatment. The acidic sphingomyelinase contributed only weakly and the neutral Mg(2+)-dependent and Mg(2+)-independent sphingomyelinases not at all to the RA-mediated production of ceramides. However, ceramide increase was sensitive to the ceramide synthase inhibitor fumonisin B(1), suggesting a crucial role for the de novo synthesis pathway. Enzymatic assays revealed that ceramide synthase activity remained unaltered, whereas serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), a key enzyme in ceramide synthesis, was activated approximately 2.5-fold by RA treatment. Activation of SPT seemed to be mediated via a post-translational mechanism because levels of the mRNAs coding for the two SPT subunits were unaffected. Expression of marker proteins shows that ceramide regulates apoptosis, rather than differentiation, during early neural differentiation.