gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DIEL CHANGE IN ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ZOOPLANKTON COMPOSITION OF THE SOUND SCATTERING LAYER IN I-LAN BAY IN NORTHEASTERN TAIWAN (2016)

A 36-h acoustic observation of the I-Lan Bay was conducted on board the Ocean Research II from June 2 to 4, 2013. The acoustic volume backscattering strength (SV) was measured using a scientific echo sounder (EK500, 38 and 120 kHz) to determine the acoustic characteristics of the deep scattering layers (DSLs) before and after the vertical movement. Two DSLs were found during the daytime at a depth of 80-130 m (upper DSL, UD) and 130-230 m (lower DSL, LD), with mean SVs of approximately -78 dB (UD) and -77 dB (LD) at 38 kHz and -65 dB (UD) and −60 dB (LD, 130-200 m) at 120 kHz. Two clear diel vertical movements (DVMs) were detected for both DSLs, which started to ascend at dusk at a speed of 1.04 cm/s (UD) and 1.92 cm/s (LD) and remained at 10-80 m at nighttime. These 2 DSLs started to descend at dawn with a speed of 0.59 cm/s (UD) and 1.38 cm/s (LD) and then remained at depths of 80-130 m (UD) and 130-230 m (LD) during the daytime. The habited depth of both DSLs may influenced by the change of water temperature. The dominant species of DSLs in abundance and biomass were copepods and decapods, respectively. The vertical nighttime distribution of the dominant scatterer of smaller and larger decapods was discussed in this paper.
A Convenient and Practical Synthesis of Coenzyme B12Enriched in13C in the Cobalt-Bound Carbon (1999)

Abstract [A15-13C]Adenosylcobalamin in which the labeled carbon is bound to the cobalt atom, and its analogs were synthesized from D-[5-13C]ribose through anomeric hydroxyl activation, coupling with adenosines, and then alkylation of reduced B12. The synthetic routes described here are mild, efficient, and proceed in reasonable yield.
A New Classification System Predicting Keratomalacia After Trauma in Vitamin A Deficiency (1997)

We correlated the degree of corneal xerosis with the occurrence of keratomalacia after corneal trauma. This led to the development of a classification scale that is of research and clinical significance. Additionally, citrate did not significantly reduce keratomalacia or perforation in the vitamin. A-deficient eye.
Intraoperative fiducial-less patient registration using volumetric 3D ultrasound: a prospective series of 32 neurosurgical cases (2015)

Because the FLR method directly registers 3DUS with MR by matching internal image features, it proved to be more accurate than FBR in terms of TRE in the 32 patients evaluated in this study. The overall efficiency of FLR in terms of the time and personnel involved is also improved relative to FBR in the operating room, and the method does not require additional image scans immediately prior to surgery. The performance of FLR and these results suggest potential for broad clinical application.
Die Varizentherapie (1965)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Active dopant profiling and Ohmic contacts behavior in degenerate n-type implanted silicon carbide (2020)

This Letter reports on the active dopant profiling and Ohmic contact behavior in degenerate P-implanted silicon carbide (4H-SiC) layers. Hall measurements showed a nearly temperature-independent electron density, corresponding to an electrical activation of about 80% of the total implanted dose. Using the Hall result as calibration, the depth resolved active P-profile was extracted by scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM). Such information on the active P-profile permitted to elucidate the current injection mechanism at the interface of annealed Ni Ohmic contacts with the degenerate n-type 4H-SiC layer. Modeling the temperature dependence of the specific contact resistance with the thermionic field emission mechanism allowed extracting a doping concentration of 8.5 × 1019 cm−3 below the metal/4H-SiC interface, in excellent agreement with the value independently obtained by the SCM depth profiling. The demonstrated active dopant profiling methodology can have important implications in the 4H-SiC device technology.
FURTHER RESULTS ON THE EVOLUTION OF SOLITARY WAVES AND THEIR BOUND STATES OF A DISSIPATIVE KORTEWEG-DE VRIES EQUATION (1995)

Numerical evidence is provided of (long lasting) solitary waves (traveling localized dissipative structures) and their bound states as well as periodic and “chaotic”, erratic wave trains of a dissipation-modified Korteweg-de Vries equation originally derived to account for long wavelength oscillatory Bénard-Marangoni convection.
RGBD-camera based get-up event detection for hospital fall prevention (2012)

In this work, we develop a computer vision based fall prevention system for hospital ward application. To prevent potential falls, once the event of patient get up from the bed is automatically detected, nursing staffs are alarmed immediately for assistance. For the detection task, we use a RGBD sensor (Microsoft Kinect). The geometric prior knowledge is exploited by identifying a set of task-specific feature channels, e.g., regions of interest. Extensive motion and shape features from both color and depth image sequences are extracted. Features from multiple modalities and channels are fused via a multiple kernel learning framework for training the event detector. Experimental results demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency achieved by the proposed system.
Transmission with Energy Harvesting Nodes in Fading Wireless Channels: Optimal Policies (2011)

Wireless systems comprised of rechargeable nodes have a significantly prolonged lifetime and are sustainable. A distinct characteristic of these systems is the fact that the nodes can harvest energy throughout the duration in which communication takes place. As such, transmission policies of the nodes need to adapt to these harvested energy arrivals. In this paper, we consider optimization of point-to-point data transmission with an energy harvesting transmitter which has a limited battery capacity, communicating in a wireless fading channel. We consider two objectives: maximizing the throughput by a deadline, and minimizing the transmission completion time of the communication session. We optimize these objectives by controlling the time sequence of transmit powers subject to energy storage capacity and causality constraints. We, first, study optimal offline policies. We introduce a directional water-filling algorithm which provides a simple and concise interpretation of the necessary optimality conditions. We show the optimality of an adaptive directional water-filling algorithm for the throughput maximization problem. We solve the transmission completion time minimization problem by utilizing its equivalence to its throughput maximization counterpart. Next, we consider online policies. We use stochastic dynamic programming to solve for the optimal online policy that maximizes the average number of bits delivered by a deadline under stochastic fading and energy arrival processes with causal channel state feedback. We also propose near-optimal policies with reduced complexity, and numerically study their performances along with the performances of the offline and online optimal policies under various different configurations.
A randomized, double-blind, phase III study comparing multiple doses of tapentadol IR, oxycodone IR, and placebo for postoperative (bunionectomy) pain (2009)

Multiple doses of tapentadol IR (50, 75, and 100 mg) significantly relieve acute pain after orthopedic surgery compared with placebo. These data suggest that at doses providing comparable efficacy, tapentadol IR 100 mg has improved gastrointestinal tolerability compared with oxycodone HCl IR 15 mg.
Transforming growth factor- beta and cellular immune responses in synovial fluids. (1990)

Mononuclear cells in synovial fluids (SF) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other arthropathies are characterized by functional and phenotypic changes, including impaired mitogen responsiveness and inverted ratios of CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes. This is related to previously described activities in synovial fluids that inhibit proliferation of lymphocytes induced by mitogens and cytokines. The present study examines the relationship of these activities and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), which is now known as the most potent endogenous inhibitor of lymphocyte function. It is shown that most of the activity in SF that inhibits IL-1-induced thymocyte or T cell proliferation is neutralized by a specific antibody to TGF-beta. Analysis of the SF in the CCL64 assay, a standard test for TGF-beta, showed a close correlation between the levels of immunosuppressive activity and TGF-beta. SF contain spontaneously active inhibitors of T cell function and this is caused by the presence of active TGF-beta. Higher titers are found after transient acidification, which is known to activate the latent form of TGF-beta. Characterization of the TGF-beta isoforms showed that most of the material in SF is TGF-beta 2. Analysis of TGF-beta effects on T cell subsets demonstrated that it completely inhibits proliferation of CD4+ cells whereas at the same concentrations of purified or rTGF-beta CD8+ cells are only inhibited by maximally 31.1%. SF also preferentially inhibit CD4+ Th cell proliferation and this effect is neutralized by antibody to TGF-beta. Collectively these results indicate that the presence of TGF-beta accounts for most of the immunosuppressive activities in SF and that this factor may be responsible for functional and phenotypic changes of SF lymphocytes.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLES PART 3, CYCLIZATION OF 2‐AMINO‐ALPHA‐PHENYL‐BENZYLIDENE‐AMINOACETAL DERIVATIVES (1974)

Abstract Durch eine Amin‐Austauschreaktion der Schiffschen Basen (I) mit dem Aminoacetal (II) gelangt man zu den Schiffschen Basen (III).
Maize chloroplast DNA encodes a protein sequence homologous to the bacterial ribosome assembly protein S4 (1983)

A cloned restriction fragment of maize chloroplast DNA (Bam H1 fragment 5) is shown to contain an open reading frame which encodes a basic protein of 201 amino acid residues with 40-50% sequence homology to E. coli ribosomal protein S4. Based on the experimentally determined sequence homology between the highly conserved bacterial ribosomal protein L12 and its chloroplast homologue (Bartsch M., Kimura, M. and Subramanian, A.R. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 6871), we conclude that this reading frame represents the maize chloroplast S4 gene. The nucleotide sequence of a 1100 base pair DNA segment containing the putative gene is presented.
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis of Conjugate Meshing Face Gear Pairs (2012)

This paper investigates the nominal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) characteristics of the conjugate meshing face gears and predicts the mesh efficiency of the pericyclic transmission system. The meshing face-gear tooth geometries and meshing kinematics are modeled. Hertzian contact and the isothermal non-Newtonian lubricant film characteristics of the meshing face-gear pair are investigated. The friction coefficient is calculated with the effects of lubricant behavior and mesh kinematics. Finally, the pericyclic transmission efficiency is calculated as a function of friction coefficient, mesh loads, and mesh kinematics. The Hertzian contact behavior, film thickness, and friction coefficient values are simulated for an example fixed axis face-gear pair rotating at 1000 rpm with 3.4 kN-m torque. The EHL film thickness ranges from 0.1 to 0.25 μ m in this example. The average friction coefficient is predicted as 0.05. The efficiencies of three different 24:1 reduction ratio 760 HP pericyclic transmission designs are investigated. The minimum and maximum efficiency in the given design space are 97% and 98.7%, respectively.
Lecithin-Based Novel Cationic Nanocarriers (Leciplex) I: Fabrication, Characterization and Evaluation (2011)

Various hydrophobic drugs could be encapsulated in the CTAB/DDAB-based lecithin nanocarriers (CTAB-LeciPlex or DDAB-LeciPlex) irrespective of their difference in log p-values. In vitro antimicrobial studies on triclosan-loaded LeciPlex confirmed entrapment of triclosan in the nanocarriers. The ability of CTAB-LeciPlex and DDAB-LeciPlex to condense plasmid DNA was established using agarose gel electrophoresis. DDAB-LeciPlex could successfully transfect pDNA in HEK-293 cells indicating potential in gene delivery.
Discovery of Mono‐ and Disubstituted 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4]pyrimidines and 9H‐Purines as Catalytic Inhibitors of Human DNA Topoisomerase IIα (2014)

Human DNA topoisomerase IIα (htIIα) is a validated target for the development of anticancer agents. Based on structural data regarding the binding mode of AMP-PNP (5'-adenylyl-β,γ-imidodiphosphate) to htIIα, we designed a two-stage virtual screening campaign that combines structure-based pharmacophores and molecular docking. In the first stage, we identified several monosubstituted 9H-purine compounds and a novel class of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4]pyrimidines as inhibitors of htIIα. In the second stage, disubstituted analogues with improved cellular activities were discovered. Compounds from both classes were shown to inhibit htIIα-mediated DNA decatenation, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments confirmed binding of these two compounds on the htIIα ATPase domain. Proposed complexes and interaction patterns between both compounds and htIIα were further analyzed in molecular dynamics simulations. Two compounds identified in the second stage showed promising anticancer activities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. The discovered compounds are suitable starting points for further hit-to-lead development in anticancer drug discovery.
Homogeneous nucleation in a laminar flow diffusion chamber: The operation principles and possibilities for quantitative rate measurements (1996)

The laminar flow diffusion chamber technique for experimental homogeneous nucleation rate measurements is presented. In this type of chamber the flow containing vapor is rapidly cooled and critical supersaturations for homogeneous nucleation are obtained. Here the main operation principles as well as data reduction methods are investigated and the results are applied to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) vapor, which works well in this type of chamber. The nucleation rate has to be calculated using the profiles of saturation ratio and temperature, and using a theoretical expression for the nucleation rate. We have used three different nucleation theories when investigating the experimental nucleation rate: classical nucleation theory, self-consistent correction to classical theory, and the Dillmann–Meier theory. According to investigations in this work the determination of nucleation rate is general and rather independent of the theory used, and therefore the results can be considered reliable. The volume inside which the nucleation event is calculated to take place is examined experimentally. The comparison between model calculations of the actual nucleation volume and experiments show reasonable agreement.
The Impact of Local Oscillator Frequency Jitter and Laser Linewidth to Ultra High Baud Rate Coherent Systems (2019)

Through theoretical analysis and simulation, we investigate the system impact due to a sinusoidal jitter tone and the resultant local oscillator (LO) laser linewidth requirement in ultrahigh baud rate and long distance coherent optical systems. We also carried out experiments in 64 Gbaud, dual-polarization (DP)-16 QAM systems to verify the theoretical analysis and simulation. We have also obtained a jitter interference tolerance mask to qualify LO lasers. A jitter tone with a frequency lower than '1 MHz has a higher tolerance since it generally causes constant frequency or phase shift, which can be tracked by a receiver DSP. For a jitter tone with a frequency higher than '1 MHz, the tolerance becomes much tighter since the tone will affect laser lineshape and induce equalizer-enhanced phase noise (EEPN). Consequently, ajitter tone in the higher frequency region could severely affect the system performance. Theoretical analysis and numerical result illustrate that EVM2 due to the effect of laser linewidth and a sinusoidal jitter tone is proportional to the weighted sum of [Δν × B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> × L] and [Δ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fpp</sub> × B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> × L] <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , where Δν is the laser linewidth, Bs is the baud rate, Δ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fpp</sub> is the laser peak-to-peak frequency deviation due to a sinusoidal jitter tone, and L is the fiber transmission length. This result is applicable for all orders of QAM constellations. The implication to future 100 Gbaud and beyond systems is delineated.
Synthesis of deuterium‐labeled analogs of the lipid hydroperoxide‐derived bifunctional electrophile 4‐oxo‐2(E)‐nonenal (2011)

Lipid hydroperoxides undergo homolytic decomposition into the bifunctional 4-hydroxy-2(<i>E</i>)-nonenal and 4-oxo-2(<i>E</i>)-nonenal (ONE). These bifunctional electrophiles are highly reactive and can readily modify intracellular molecules including glutathione (GSH), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins. Lipid hydroperoxide-derived bifunctional electrophiles are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. ONE is an <i>α</i>,<i>β</i>-unsaturated aldehyde that can react in multiple ways and with glutathione, proteins and DNA. Heavy isotope-labeled analogs of ONE are not readily available for conducting mechanistic studies or for use as internal standards in mass spectrometry (MS)-based assays. An efficient onestep cost-effective method has been developed for the preparation of C-9 deuterium-labeled ONE. In addition, a method for specific deuterium labeling of ONE at C-2, C-3 or both C-2 and C-3 has been developed. This latter method involved the selective reduction of an intermediate alkyne either by lithium aluminum hydride or lithium aluminum deuteride and quenching with water or deuterium oxide. The availability of these heavy isotope analogs will be useful as internal standards for quantitative studies employing MS and for conducting mechanistic studies of complex interactions between ONE and DNA bases as well as between ONE and proximal amino acid residues in peptides and proteins.
A Biophysical Basis for Mucus Solids Concentration as a Candidate Biomarker for Airways Disease (2020)

In human airways diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), host defense is compromised and airways inflammation and infection often result. Mucus clearance and trapping of inhaled pathogens constitute key elements of host defense. Clearance rates are governed by mucus viscous and elastic moduli at physiological driving frequencies, whereas transport of trapped pathogens in mucus layers is governed by diffusivity. There is a clear need for simple and effective clinical biomarkers of airways disease that correlate with these properties. We tested the hypothesis that mucus solids concentration, indexed as weight percent solids (wt%), is such a biomarker. Passive microbead rheology was employed to determine both diffusive and viscoelastic properties of mucus harvested from human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cultures. Guided by sputum from healthy (1.5–2.5 wt%) and diseased (COPD, CF; 5 wt%) subjects, mucus samples were generated in vitro to mimic in vivo physiology, including intermediate range wt% to represent disease progression. Analyses of microbead datasets showed mucus diffusive properties and viscoelastic moduli scale robustly with wt%. Importantly, prominent changes in both biophysical properties arose at ∼4 wt%, consistent with a gel transition (from a more viscous-dominated solution to a more elastic-dominated gel). These findings have significant implications for: (1) penetration of cilia into the mucus layer and effectiveness of mucus transport; and (2) diffusion vs. immobilization of micro-scale particles relevant to mucus barrier properties. These data provide compelling evidence for mucus solids concentration as a baseline clinical biomarker of mucus barrier and clearance functions.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN DIFFERENT EXPRESSION AND ORGANIZATION OF COLLAGEN IN SKIN WOUNDS OF ADULT AND FETAL RATS (2000)

Objective To observe the spatial and temporal distribution of collagen in fetal and adult rats wounds. Methods The organization of collagen deposition in fetal and adult rats skin wounds were observed by using van Gieson stain. The methods of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were applied to examine collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ peptide and mRNA localization at serial time point during wound healing. Results Collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ were present in wounds of both fetal and adult rats, but the timing and pattern of collagen deposition varied. In the fetus, collagen wes detected by 48h postwounding (PW), but uns not present in the adult wounds until 5d PW. N in situ hybridization, signals in the area of the fetal wound were clearly greater and with increased number of cells as compered to that in the adjacent unwounded tissue. Adult rat wounds had evidence in increased signals of procollagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ production by wound fibroblasts on day 5. Collagen deposited and wes arranged in reticular pattern as that of the nounal in fetal wounds. While in the adult wound, collagen deposited in the fashion of course bundles. bundles Conclusion Fetal rat wounds appeared to produce collagen mainly by an increased number offibroblasts in the area of the wound. In contrast, adult rat wounds underwent fibroblast migration and induction of procollagen mRNA synthesis. Our results Suggest that the deposition of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ is regulated by their gene expression. Chllagen type Ⅲ plays an important role in the arrangement of collagen depoition.
High-throughput screening and selection of yeast cell lines expressing monoclonal antibodies (2010)

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has recently been engineered to express therapeutic glycoproteins with uniform human N-glycans at high titers. In contrast to the current art where producing therapeutic proteins in mammalian cell lines yields a final product with heterogeneous N-glycans, proteins expressed in glycoengineered P. pastoris can be designed to carry a specific, preselected glycoform. However, significant variability exists in fermentation performance between genotypically similar clones with respect to cell fitness, secreted protein titer, and glycan homogeneity. Here, we describe a novel, multidimensional screening process that combines high and medium throughput tools to identify cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These cell lines must satisfy multiple selection criteria (high titer, uniform N-glycans and cell robustness) and be compatible with our large-scale production platform process. Using this selection process, we were able to isolate a mAb-expressing strain yielding a titer (after protein A purification) in excess of 1 g/l in 0.5-l bioreactors.