gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection and Tracking of Occluded People (2012)

We consider the problem of detection and tracking of multiple people in crowded street scenes. State-of-the-art methods perform well in scenes with relatively few people, but are severely challenged by scenes with many subjects that partially occlude each other. This limitation is due to the fact that current people detectors fail when persons are strongly occluded. We observe that typical occlusions are due to overlaps between people and propose a people detector tailored to various occlusion levels. Instead of treating partial occlusions as distractions, we leverage the fact that person/person occlusions result in very characteristic appearance patterns that can help to improve detection results. We demonstrate the performance of our occlusion-aware person detector on a new dataset of people with controlled but severe levels of occlusion and on two challenging publicly available benchmarks outperforming single person detectors in each case.
Predicting Cochlear Implant Electrode Placement Using Monopolar, Three-Point and Four-Point Impedance Measurements (2022)

This work shows how electrical impedance measurements can be used to predict the CI's electrode positioning in a biologically realistic model.
Fast Skeletal Muscle Troponin Activator Tirasemtiv Increases Muscle Function and Performance in the B6SJL-SOD1G93A ALS Mouse Model (P1.081) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of tirasemtiv on muscle function in a mouse model of ALS.
 BACKGROUND: Tirasemtiv is a fast skeletal troponin activator that sensitizes the sarcomere to calcium and amplifies the response of muscle to neuromuscular input.
 DESIGN/METHODS: Forelimb grip strength in female B6SJL-SOD1 G93A transgenic mice was monitored weekly starting at 10 weeks of age (baseline). In order to minimize disease variability, mice were each subjected to a battery of functional assessments when their forelimb grip strength declined by 25% from baseline. Mice were then dosed with single oral doses of either vehicle or tirasemtiv (10 mg/kg) and forelimb grip strength, grid hang time, or rotarod performance was evaluated. Respiratory parameters of vehicle and tirasemtiv -treated WT and B6SJL-SOD1 G93A mice were assessed by whole body plethysmography. In a separate cohort of B6SJL-SOD1 G93A mice, isometric extensor digitorum longus muscle force output was assessed at Age=90-100 days and 110-115 days.
 RESULTS: Following oral tirasemtiv dosing, forelimb grip strength (p G93A transgenic mice. Compared to vehicle-treatment, tirasemtiv (10 mg/kg) significantly increased tidal volume in mice breathing room air following a 30 minute hypercapnic challenge (p < 0.001).
Furthermore, in 90-100 day B6SJL-SOD1 G93A mice, the specific in situ isometric tension at 30 Hz stimulation increased from 5.81 ± 0.46 N/cm 2 to 10.8 ± 0.71 N/cm 2 (p=0.0028), and in 110-115 day mice the specific tension trended toward an increase from 3.34 ± 0.73 N/cm 2 to 5.05 ± 1.4 N/cm 2 (p=0.064) with IV tirasemtiv treatment compared to baseline.
 CONCLUSIONS: Tirasemtiv increased both isometric in situ sub-maximal muscle force and also muscle performance in conscious SOD1 G93A mice. Tirasemtiv also increased respiratory function. These results indicate that tirasemtiv has the potential to improve muscle function and respiration in patients suffering from ALS. Disclosure: Dr. Malik has received personal compensation for activities with Cytokinetics, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Malik holds stock and/or stock options in Cytokinetics Inc. which sponsored research in which Dr. Malik was involved as an investigator. Dr. Malik has received research support from Cytokinetics Inc. Dr. Hwee has received personal compensation for activities with Cytokinetics, Inc. Dr. Kennedy has received personal compensation for activities with Cytokinetics, Inc. as an employee. Ms. Ryans has received personal compensation for activities with Cytokinetics, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Jasper has received personal compensation for activities with Cytokinetics Inc. Dr. Jasper holds stock and/or stock options in Altos Therapeutics which sponsored research in which Dr. Jasper was involved as an investigator. Dr. Jasper has received research support from Cytokinetics Inc.
Combinatorial patterns of somatic gene mutations in cancer (2008)

Cancer is a complex process in which the abnormalities of many genes appear to be involved. The combinatorial patterns of gene mutations may reveal the functional relations between genes and pathways in tumorigenesis as well as identify targets for treatment. We examined the patterns of somatic mutations of cancers from Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), a large-scale database curated by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. The frequently mutated genes are well-known oncogenes and tumor suppressors that are involved in generic processes of cell-cycle control, signal transduction, and stress responses. These "signatures" of gene mutations are heterogeneous when the cancers from different tissues are compared. Mutations in genes functioning in different pathways can occur in the same cancer (i.e., co-occur), whereas those in genes functioning in the same pathway are rarely mutated in the same sample. This observation supports the view of tumorigenesis as derived from a process like Darwinian evolution. However, certain combinatorial mutational patterns violate these simple rules and demonstrate tissue-specific variations. For instance, mutations of genes in the Ras and Wnt pathways tend to co-occur in the large intestine but are mutually exclusive in cancers of the pancreas. The relationships between mutations in different samples of a cancer can also reveal the temporal orders of mutational events. In addition, the observed mutational patterns suggest candidates of new cosequencing targets that can either reveal novel patterns or validate the predictions deduced from existing patterns. These combinatorial mutational patterns provide guiding information for the ongoing cancer genome projects.
ChemInform Abstract: AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF Δ8,9‐OCTAL‐1‐ONE (1981)

Abstract Aus dem Acetal‐chlorid (Ib) wird die Grignardverbindung (Ia) hergestellt, die mit Cyclohexenon (II) über die Zwischenstufe (III) zum Octalenon (IV) führt.
Thermal peak management using organic phase change materials for latent heat storage in electronic applications (2017)

The inside of modern high power electronics consist of a large amount of integrated circuits for switching and supply applications. This technology has aside the benefits the problem of more and more increasing power density. Nowadays, heat sinks that are directly mounted on a device, are used as a thermal sink to reduce the on chip temperature and dissipate the thermal energy to the environment. This paper presents a concept of a composite coating for electronic devices on printed circuit boards or electronic assemblies that is able to buffer a certain amount of thermal energy, dissipated from a device. The aim of the idea is to suppress temperature peaks in electronic components during load peaks or electronic shorts, which could damage or destroy the device by using a phase change material to buffer the energy. The phase change material coating could be directly applied on the chip package or the PCB using different mechanical retaining jig approaches.
Completely degradable backbone-type hydrogen peroxide responsive curcumin copolymer: synthesis and synergistic anticancer investigation (2019)

So far, several different kinds of polymer based drug delivery systems have been developed one after another.
Association of metabolic syndrome with mobility in the older adults: a Korean nationwide representative cross-sectional study (2021)

We aimed to examine whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with mobility in the older adults, using the timed up and go (TUG) test which is one of the most widely used tests for evaluating mobility. This is population-based study with the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort database of National Health Information Database. Participants included were those who completed the TUG as part of the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages. An abnormal TUG result was defined as a time ≥ 10 s. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between MetS and TUG results. We constructed three models with different levels of adjustment. Furthermore, we conducted a stratified analysis according to the risk. Among the 40,767 participants included, 19,831 (48.6%) were women. Mean TUG value was 8.34 ± 3.07 s, and abnormal TUG test results were observed in 4,391 (10.8%) participants; 6,888 (16.9%) participants were categorised to have MetS. The worst TUG test results were obtained in participants with three or four MetS features, and a J-shaped relationship of each MetS feature, except triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), with TUG test was found. Participants with MetS had 18% higher likelihood of showing abnormal TUG test results in a fully adjusted model (adjusted odds ratio 1.183, 95% confidence interval 1.115-1.254). The stratified analysis revealed that participants with central obesity, high blood pressure, and normal HDL-C and TG were more likely to have abnormal TUG times. Participants with MetS had a higher risk of exhibiting abnormal TUG results, and except for HDL-C and TG, all other MetS features had a J-shaped relationship with TUG. Preventive lifestyle such as lower carbohydrate and higher protein intake, and endurance exercise is needed.
Photodetector nonlinearity limitations on a high-dynamic range 3 GHz fiber optic link (1998)

The performance of a dc to 3 GHz externally modulated link utilizing balanced high-power photodetection is presented. Nonlinearity measurements of high power photodiodes show 1 dB compression currents in excess of 55 mA and an output third-order intercept point of +32 to +34 dBm. These high current photodetectors permit the use of high power lasers as external modulator sources for low noise fiber optic links with only small degradations in the predicted link dynamic range. An externally modulated link with a 240 mW Nd:YAG laser, a dual-output 4-V V, (dc) modulator, and balanced 100 mA total photocurrent yielded a link noise figure from 15.5 to 17.5 dB, a spur-free dynamic range of 119.5 dBHz/sup 2/3/, and a 1-dB compression dynamic range of 168.4 dBHz.
Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Asphaltenes Agglomeration in Toluene. A Light, X-ray, and Neutron Scattering Investigation (2004)

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to study the temperature dependence of asphaltene aggregate sizes in toluene solutions. A large range of aggregate sizes is covered by combining the three scattering methods. The effect of temperature on aggregate size is also investigated over a considerable temperature range. A huge modification of asphaltene macrostructure is observed. At high temperatures, reversible aggregation of asphaltene leads to stable small entities. When decreasing the temperature, irreversible aggregation of asphaltene occurs, corresponding to a large increase of the aggregate size. We have also investigated the effect of pressure on asphaltene solution in toluene as a function of temperature. Our results indicate that pressure has a minor effect, which is much less important than that of temperature, on the weight of the asphaltene aggregates.
Low-Floor Detection/Decoding of LDPC-Coded Partial Response Channels (2010)

The error-rate floor phenomenon associated with iterative LDPC decoders has delayed the use of LDPC codes in certain communication and storage systems. Error floors are known to generally be caused by so-called trapping sets which have the effect of confounding the decoder. In this paper, we introduce two techniques that lower the error-rate floors for LDPC-coded partial response (PR) channels which are applicable to magnetic and optical storage. The techniques involve, via external measures, "pinning" one of the bits in each problematic trapping set and then letting the iterative decoder proceed to correct the rest of the bits. We also extend our earlier work on generalized-LDPC (G-LDPC) decoders for error-floor mitigation on the AWGN channel to partial response channels. Our simulations on PR1 and EPR4 channels demonstrate that the floor for the code chosen for this study, a 0.78(2048,1600) quasicyclic LDPC code, is lowered by orders of magnitude, beyond the reach of simulations. Because simulation in the floor region is so time-consuming, a method for accelerating such simulations is essential for research in this area. In this paper, we present an extension of Richardson's importance sampling technique for estimating the level of error floors.
Estimating child mortality and modelling its age pattern for India. (1989)

"Using data [for India] on proportions of children dead...estimates of infant and child mortality are...obtained by Sullivan and Trussell modifications of [the] Brass basic method. The estimate of child survivorship function derived after logit smoothing appears to be more reliable than that obtained by the Census Actuary. The age pattern of childhood mortality is suitably modelled by [a] Weibull function defining the probability of surviving from birth to a specified age and involving two parameters of level and shape. A recently developed linearization procedure based on [a] graphical approach is adopted for estimating the parameters of the function."
Hyperspectral Subspace Identification (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Signal subspace identification is a crucial first step in many hyperspectral processing algorithms such as target detection, change detection, classification, and unmixing. The identification of this subspace enables a correct dimensionality reduction, yielding gains in algorithm performance and complexity and in data storage. This paper introduces a new minimum mean square error-based approach to infer the signal subspace in hyperspectral imagery. The method, which is termed hyperspectral signal identification by minimum error, is eigen decomposition based, unsupervised, and fully automatic (i.e., it does not depend on any tuning parameters). It first estimates the signal and noise correlation matrices and then selects the subset of eigenvalues that best represents the signal subspace in the least squared error sense. State-of-the-art performance of the proposed method is illustrated by using simulated and real hyperspectral images. </para>
Thermodynamic Guidelines for the Design of Bimetallic Catalysts for Oxygen Electroreduction and Rapid Screening by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. M−Co (M:  Pd, Ag, Au) (2004)

We propose guidelines for the design of improved bimetallic (and related) electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media. This guide is based on simple thermodynamic principles assuming a simple mechanism where one metal breaks the oxygen-oxygen bond of molecular O(2) and the other metal acts to reduce the resulting adsorbed atomic oxygen. Analysis of the Gibbs free energies of these two reactions guides the selection of combinations of metals that can produce alloy surfaces with enhanced activity for the ORR when compared to the constituent metals. Selected systems have been tested by fabricating arrays of metallic catalysts consisting of various binary and ternary combinations of Pd, Au, Ag, and Co deposited on glassy carbon (GC) substrates. The electrocatalytic activity of these materials for the ORR in acidic medium was examined using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in a new rapid-imaging mode. This was used to rapidly screen arrays covering a wide range of catalyst compositions for their activity for the ORR in 0.5 M H(2)SO(4). Using the SECM technique, we have identified combinations of metals with enhanced electrocatalytic activities when compared with the constituent, pure metals. Addition of Co to Pd, Au, and Ag clearly decreases the ORR overpotential, in agreement with the proposed model. Catalyst spots that exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity in the SECM screening technique were then examined using classical rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments. The activity of carbon black supported catalyst mixtures on a GC RDE and the electrocatalytic activity determined using the SECM screening technique showed excellent agreement. C/Pd-Co electrodes (10-30% Co) exhibited remarkable activity for ORR catalysis, close to that of carbon-supported Pt.
Hepatocyte growth factor attenuates renal fibrosis through TGF-β1 suppression by apoptosis of myofibroblasts (2010)

The present study demonstrates that the increase in metalloproteinases through FAK-ERK signaling by HGF promotes myofibroblast apoptosis. Activation of metalloproteinases by HGF in the fibrotic kidney might be considered to attenuate the progression of CKD.
Robust optimization of cardiovascular stents: a comparison of methods (2004)

This is the post-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accssed from the links below. Copyright @ 2004 Taylor &amp; Francis
Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults - a prospective cohort study (2011)

High frequency of mobile phone use at baseline was a risk factor for mental health outcomes at 1-year follow-up among the young adults. The risk for reporting mental health symptoms at follow-up was greatest among those who had perceived accessibility via mobile phones to be stressful. Public health prevention strategies focusing on attitudes could include information and advice, helping young adults to set limits for their own and others' accessibility.
Technique de démodulation pour signaux agrégés en fréquence en utilisant une seule chaine de réception RF (2013)

National audience
The Role of Clinical Suspicion in Evaluating a New Diagnostic Test for Active Tuberculosis (2000)

For complex diagnostic problems like TB, clinical risk assessments can provide important information regarding predictive values more likely to be experienced in clinical practice. For this series, a clinical suspicion of TB was helpful in targeting areas of the clinical spectrum in which nucleic acid amplification tests can make an important contribution.
Encephalocoele as a complication of intranasal sinus surgery: optimal evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging (1998)

We report a case of post-operative frontal basal encephalocoele evaluated using a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence, fast inversion recovery for myelin suppression (FIRMS). FIRMS was developed to enhance the differentiation between grey and white matter. In this case, the sequence was beneficial in distinguishing the encephalocoele from adjacent nasal mucosa and secretions.
Towards the interchange of configurable EPCs: an XML-based approach for reference model configuration (2005)

Recent research has led to proposals for the model-driven configuration of Enterprise Systems (ES) by the help of configurable reference models. While the proposed Configurable EPCs (C-EPCs) provide adequate conceptual support towards reference model configuration, the issue of translating the configured models towards executable process specifications has not been approached yet. A first step in this direction is the definition of a machine-readable format for C-EPCs that can be used as an interchange format and as an input format for transformations. This paper proposes a C-EPC representation in XML based on the EPC Markup Language (EPML) format. We take the formal C-EPC syntax definition as a starting point to define the requirements for a respective extension to EPML and introduce a C-EPC representation in EPML. Furthermore, we introduce the C-EPC Validator, a program that generates validity reports for C-EPCs represented in EPML. The C-EPC Validator can be used to validate both configurable and configured C-EPCs. Finally, we highlight future application areas of the C-EPC schema.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists modulate immunostimulated processing of APP through regulation of beta-secretase (BACE) (2004)

Prolonged intake of non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To determine the mechanisms by which inflammation affects AD and how NSAIDs protect against it, we stimulated N2a neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with amyloid precusor protein (APP) with pro-inflammatory cytokines, which increased the secretion of amyloid-beta (A-beta) and APP ectodomain. Addition of ibuprofen, indomethacin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) agonists or cotransfection with PPARgamma cDNA reversed this effect. The inhibitory action of ibuprofen and indomethacin was supressed by PPARgamma antagonists. We observed that the mRNA levels, expression and enzymatic activity of beta-secretase (BACE) were increased by immunostimulation and normalized by NSAIDs. We performed the same experiments using mouse embryonic fibroblasts from PPARgamma knockout mice and N2a cells transfected with siRNA for PPARgamma. Under these conditions, BACE expression and transcription was upregulated. In conclusion, pro-inflammatory cytokines activate beta-secretase and NSAIDs inhibit that effect through PPARgamma.
La- and Mn-sites deficient LaMnO3as a model system for studying paramagnetic magnetic correlations and spin dynamics in doped manganites (2009)

To probe magnetic ordering in single crystals of La1−xMnO3 (x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.13) and in ceramics of LaMn1−yO3 (y = 0, 0.02, 0.06), the X-band electron magnetic resonance measurements were carried out in the temperature range 5 K ⩽ T ⩽ 600 K. The temperature dependences of doubly integrated intensity of electron paramagnetic resonance signal and its linewidth were fitted with known theoretical models modified for taking into account the different mechanisms of spin relaxation. Both experimental data and fitting results evidence that vacancies in Mn- and La-sites dope the carriers, which induces ferromagnetic double exchange interaction in parent LaMnO3. However, strong structural and chemical disorder of La1−xMnO3 crystals makes the ferromagnetic ground state eventually impossible even at x = 0.13. In marked contrast, better structural/chemical homogeneity together with a stronger impact of Mn-site vacancies on mixed manganese valence and double exchange are characteristic for LaMn1−yO3 ceramics. As a result, the LaMn0.94O3 compound appears to be ferromagnetic-like ordered and demonstrates band-like character of the doped carriers. It is shown that 'self-doped' LaMnO3 may be considered as a model system for studying both transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic-like magnetic ground state in La manganites upon doping and the influence of structural/chemical disorder on such a transition.
Case Studies (2011)

AMs have been developed considering mainly environments that are limited such as companies. For instance, XP defines practices such as 40-hours per week and pair programming that make sense only inside companies. However, the basic principles and most of the related practices are not bounded to such environments and can be useful to organize Agile teams in different contexts such as in OS communities.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.