gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid binding orientation within CD1d affects recognition of Borrelia burgorferi antigens by NKT cells (2009)

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) respond to CD1d-presented glycolipids from Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Although mouse and human iNKT cells respond to different antigens based on subtle differences in their fatty acids, the mechanism by which fatty acid structure determines antigenic potency is not well understood. Here we show that the mouse and human CD1d present glycolipids having different fatty acids, based in part upon a difference at a single amino acid position that is involved in positioning the sugar epitope. CD1d also can bind nonantigenic lipids, however, but unexpectedly, mouse CD1d orients the two aliphatic chains of a nonantigenic lipid rotated 180 degrees, causing a dramatic repositioning of the exposed sugar. Therefore, our data reveal the biochemical basis for the high degree of antigenic specificity of iNKT cells for certain fatty acids, and they suggest how microbes could alter fatty acid biosynthesis as an immune evasion mechanism.
Alloying Effects on Hydrogen Permeability of Niobium (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
11H-Indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one (2010)

In the title compound, C(15)H(8)N(2)O, the fused ring system is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.039 (1) Å. In the crystal, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions help to establish the packing.
Model-Based Comparative Prediction of Transcription-Factor Binding Motifs in Anabolic Responses in Bone (2007)

Understanding the regulatory mechanism that controls the alteration of global gene expression patterns continues to be a challenging task in computational biology. We previously developed an ant algorithm, a biologically-inspired computational technique for microarray data, and predicted putative transcription-factor binding motifs (TFBMs) through mimicking interactive behaviors of natural ants. Here we extended the algorithm into a set of web-based software, Ant Modeler, and applied it to investigate the transcriptional mechanism underlying bone formation. Mechanical loading and administration of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are two known treatments to strengthen bone. We addressed a question: Is there any TFBM that stimulates both "anabolic responses of mechanical loading" and "BMP-mediated osteogenic signaling"? Although there is no significant overlap among genes in the two responses, a comparative model-based analysis suggests that the two independent osteogenic processes employ common TFBMs, such as a stress responsive element and a motif for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). The post-modeling in vitro analysis using mouse osteoblast cells supported involvements of the predicted TFBMs such as PPAR, Ikaros 3, and LMO2 in response to mechanical loading. Taken together, the results would be useful to derive a set of testable hypotheses and examine the role of specific regulators in complex transcriptional control of bone formation.
Rare case of exogenous Candida dubliniensis endophthalmitis: a case report and brief review of the literature (2014)

C. dubliniensis endophthalmitis is uncommonly encountered and typically has reasonable visual outcomes. This is the first reported case of C. dubliniensis, likely exogenous endophthalmitis, resulting in enucleation, illustrating the potential virulence of this newly described organism.
The Intersection of HIV, Diabetes, and Race: Exploring Disparities in Diabetes Care among People Living with HIV (2020)

In a setting of universal health care access, we compared diabetes control between Caucasians and African Americans (AA) living with HIV. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from a cohort study among military members living with HIV and diabetes. Using adjusted logistic regression models, we compared proportions of Caucasians and AA meeting the following diabetes treatment goals: hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> <7.0%, blood pressure (BP) <140/90 mm Hg, low density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL, and not smoking. We included 107 Caucasian (mean age 37 years) and 126 AA (mean age 33 years) participants. A similar proportion of Caucasians and AA were prescribed diabetes (∼60%) and BP (∼80%) medications. Yet, more Caucasians met the BP treatment goal (77% [54%, 90%]) than AA (61% [36%, 82%]). Thus, more Caucasians met the combined A<sub>1c</sub>, BP, and cholesterol goals for diabetes control (25% [10%, 49%]) than AA (13% [5%, 31%]). Despite having equal access to health care, AA in this study have poorer diabetes control than Caucasians.
Apneic and nonapneic breathing disorders in sleep. (1982)

Recent research has demonstrated that respiratory activities are stage dependent and that some breathing disorders appear only in sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes, defined as the occurrence of at least 30 apneas of greater than or equal to 10 sec, dramatically affect patients' sleep and waking behavior. During 1977-80, 114 patients with sleep apnea and 82 patients with nonapneic breathing disorders in sleep, were recorded in the Technion Sleep Laboratory. In both groups, patients were mostly male in the 30- to 50-yr age-group, whose primary complaint was excessive daytime sleepiness. Nonapneic breathing disorders in sleep included periodic breathing, periodic hyperpnea, and variations in rate of breathing without notable changes in volume. It is suggested that some of the patients with sleep apnea syndrome and with non-apneic breathing disorders in sleep belong to the same etiological group, each representing a different stage along a single continuum of breathing disorders.
Sequential growth of deformation bands in a multilayer sequence (2011)

The outstanding exposure of deformation bands in a multilayer sequence of the Orange quarry, Provence, France, motivates a study investigating the development and controls of deformation band geometries by field mapping combined with finite element modeling. Field mapping yields new insights into angular relations between, and evolution of, the deformation bands as well as provides input parameters for the setup and boundary conditions of the numerical simulations using ADELI 2D. In particular, reverse-sense deformation bands are found to have developed within three of the four exposed layers of the multilayer stack with similar orientations to bedding, indicating layer-parallel contraction. Numerical simulations, carried out as a parametric study to investigate the influence on deformation band development and geometry, successfully reproduce the sequential development of deformation bands in the three layers as seen in the field as well as recreate the observed angular geometries of similar to 39 degrees to the maximum compression. This angular relationship is put into context with observations from other field studies and theoretical values to explore controls of deformation band orientations. Furthermore, band localization is impeded in the model by increased layer cohesive strength, demonstrating the importance of host-rock property variations on where localization of bands within the multilayer sequence. Results from both field investigation and numerical simulations are consistent with regional tectonics, where the strata underwent gentle folding due to thrust faulting at depth, and bring further insight into the development and geometry of deformation bands in both extensional and contractional tectonic regimes.
Supplementary Figures from Host-Dependent Phenotypic Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1~11&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of low-frequency ultrasound on microcirculation in venous leg ulcers (2011)

The major findings are that continuous-wave low-frequency US of 34 kHz, but not, 53.5 kHz or 75 kHz, has a temporary stimulatory effect on microcirculation mainly due to an improved oxygenation. Further studies with treatment series are necessary.
Spore heat resistance and specific mineralization (1985)

Spores of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213, Bacillus subtilis niger and Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 were converted to fully demineralized, but viable, H forms by controlled acid titration. H forms were more heat sensitive than were native forms, but z values were greater for killing of H spores than those for native spores. Therefore, the differences in heat sensitivity between native and H forms decreased with increasing killing temperature. The increase in heat sensitivity associated with demineralization did not appear to be due to damage to cortex lytic enzymes of the germination system because it could not be moderated by decoating heated H spores and plating them on medium with added lysozyme. H spores could be remineralized by means of back titration with appropriate base solutions. The remineralized spores, except for the Na form, were then more heat resistant than were H spores. Ca and Mn were more effective in restoring resistance than were Mg and K. Generally, the remineralized forms (except for the Na form) had z values greater than those of the native forms but still less than those of the H forms. At lower killing temperatures, the reinstatement of resistance could be related to the extent of remineralization. However, at higher killing temperatures, only a fraction of the mineral was effective in restoring resistance, and higher levels of remineralization did not result in greater resistance. Mineralization is clearly an important factor in spore heat resistance, but the relationship between resistance and mineralization is complex and dependent on killing temperature.
Visualising and tracking uncertainty in thematic classifications of satellite imagery (2003)

Satellite sensors impose an artificial gridding on real, complex landscapes as a necessary result of their periodic sampling. This leads to several sources of uncertainty when the digital data are classified, including sub-pixel mixing and possible spatial misregistration. Other uncertainty sources include spectral confusion between distinct landcover types, and bias effects specific to certain sensors. Experts working with remotely-sensed imagery are often familiar and experienced with traditional visualisation techniques. Satellite images are familiar to many users as coloured maps or grey-scale images, and single landcover maps and images can be easily and intuitively explored in many GIS packages. However, there are as yet no standard methods and metaphors for visualising the various sorts of uncertainty in raster satellite imagery, and in products derived from it. This uncertainty can be unevenly distributed in space, and may increase or decrease through propagation as various processing stages are carried out. Users often need to explore their landcover data in order to support practical or policy decisions. visualisation processes, in a format which is understandable and easily queried. Conceptually, fuzzy sets allow the handling of many sorts of uncertainty, as well as the representation of geographic objects which belong, partially or completely, to more than one category. This paper stems from a project (FLIERS) which uses fuzzy classification to model and handle some of the uncertainties mentioned above. This approach creates multi-layered stacks of membership images, which need to be combined and manipulated for easy visualisation. Some promising possibilities for visualising such data have been demonstrated by a number of researchers, and specific tools are implemented in the uncertainty visualisation toolkit described in the present article.
Clinical outcomes after the introduction of direct antiviral agents for patients infected with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus depending on the regimens: A multicenter study in Korea (2019)

Optimizing the choice of DAAs according to RAV test resulted in high SVR among CHC-1b Korean patients. This real practice multicenter cohort study suggests the importance of AFP and HCC surveillance in cirrhotic patients even after successful HCV therapy.
A New Straight Line Matching Technique by Integration of Vision-based Image Processing (2016)

In this paper, a new algorithm for a new straight line matching by integration of vision based image processing is being proposed. The corner detector and Hough Line Transform were employed respectively the feature extraction of corners and edges from the left and right images. After process of corner detection has been already extracted the corner points in the left and right images, each corner use the computation of a cross-correlation which is based on matching score for putative corner correspondences. This algorithm uses the corner pairs from reference points of started-end corner. The matching comparison between corner pairs and Hough Line are able to generate a new straight on the edge of both left and right images. From corner correspondences in the image pairs are going to compare with a new straight line to get the result of new straight line correspondences. This method is simple and easy to apply to the 3D recognition of geometric shapes and is able to reduce the number of false matches in a probabilistic manner which the result arise from incomplete Hough Lines. The results have shown the new straight line correspondences that are effective, complete and could be used in a 3D recognition process.
Genetic Polymorphism in Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Chloride Transport Protein 6 (MTHFR CLCN6) Gene is Associated with Keratinocyte Skin Cancer in a Cohort of Renal Transplant Recipients (2022)

We report the association of a SNP in the <i>MTHFR</i> overlap gene, <i>CLCN6</i> and KC in a combined RTR population. While the exact function of <i>CLCN6</i> is not known, it is proposed to be involved in folate availability. Future applications could include incorporation in a polygenic risk score for KC in RTRs to help identify those at increased risk beyond traditional risk factor assessment.
The photoacoustic effect in a periodically modulated structure (2010)

If an absorbing medium is constructed so that its sound speed varies periodically in space, the photoacoustic effect takes on a different character than when it is generated in a homogeneous medium. The case considered here is where either the density or the compressibility of the medium varies sinusoidally in space. The wave equation for pressure is shown to reduce to an inhomogeneous Mathieu equation. The properties of the waves generated by heat deposition in such a structure are investigated. Theoretical results are shown for a finite layer excited by a sinusoidal heating source that is a delta function in space.
Azasteroids. Part VII. Synthesis of 7-hydroxy-2-methoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[i]phenanthridine (1971)

2-Methoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[i]phenanthridine (XI) has been synthesised by a new route. Its N-oxide rearranges on heating with acetic anhydride to give the 7-acetoxy-derivative which is then hydrolysed to afford the title compound.
Voltage Sag Analysis in Loop Power Distribution System With SFCL (2013)

In this paper, the effects of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) installed in loop power distribution systems on voltage sags are assessed and analyzed. The power distribution system will be operated to a type of loop. In this case, voltage drops (sags) are severe because of the increased fault current when a fault occurs. If SFCL is installed in the loop power distribution system, the fault current decreases based on the location and resistance value of the SFCL, and voltage sags are improved. In this paper, the improvement of the voltage sag is analyzed according to the fault location, resistance value of SFCL, and the length of the loop power distribution system. First, a resistor-type SFCL model is used using the PSCAD/EMTDC. Next, the loop power distribution system is modeled. Finally, when the SFCL is installed in the radial or loop power distribution system with various lengths, voltage sags are evaluated according to various fault locations. The results of voltage sag analysis in the loop system are compared with the voltage sags in radial power distribution system.
SandPro - A New Application Program for Predicting Onset of Sand Production (1999)

Abstract A costly problem encountered in sandstone reservoirs is the production of sand with the produced fluids. We have developed a user-friendly computer program to identify potential sanding locations in the payzone. Various poroelastic and elasto-plastic sand prediction models available in the literature included. Using Visual Basic™, an interactive windows™ program has been developed. The package is readily usable by field engineers to determine critical flowrate and drawdown without a prior knowledge of the theories of rock failure. The simulator can also be used during planning stages to access the effect of depletion and improved recovery methods (such as water flooding) on sand production.
Progressive breakdown in high-voltage GaN MIS-HEMTs (2016)

We have investigated the time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) characteristics of high-voltage AlGaN/GaN Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor High Electron Mobility Transistors (MIS-HEMTs). We focus in particular on the phenomenon known as progressive breakdown (PBD), marked by an onset of noise in the gate current I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> during forward gate bias stress. We observe classic PBD behavior characterized by a rapid increase of I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> noise during stress that takes place soon before hard breakdown (HBD). The onset of PBD also marks a change in the subthreshold characteristics of the transistor: the gate leakage increases above the measurement noise floor in a step-like fashion, with this additional leakage flowing out the source and/or drain terminals. After PBD, the subthreshold I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> also shows a power law temperature dependence. The capacitance-voltage characteristics measured both before and after PBD confirm that device degradation does not occur at the AlGaN/GaN interface. All results are consistent with observations in silicon MOSFETs that support the percolation model of defects behind PBD and HBD. This gives hope that proper physical models suitable for lifetime estimation can be developed for TDDB in GaN MIS-HEMTs.
Structure, morphology and surface properties of nanostructured ZrO2 particles (1999)

Nanocrystalline zirconium dioxide particles have been produced by means of thermal decomposition of a liquid metal organic precursor in a flow reactor system. X-Ray diffraction patterns show that the powder consists of a mixture of the monoclinic and tetragonal phase and that the phase fractions depend on the experimental conditions during the preparation as well as on the subsequent thermal treatment of the sample. The mean particle diameter of the synthesized powders is ca. 40-50 Å as estimated from the line width of Bragg reflections and from transmission electron micrographs. The crystallites are non-porous and exhibit a rough surface incorporating a high concentration of low-coordinated surface sites. In agreement with the small particle size, the powder has a high specific surface area (>200 m 2 g –1 ), which surmounts that of commercially available materials by a factor >3. The structure and morphology of the particles is essentially preserved during extensive thermal treatment up to 500 °C. Hydroxyl groups as IR active surface probes clearly indicate that the phase fractions on the surface and in the bulk strongly differ from each other. Low-coordinated OH groups on monoclinic surface domains give rise to H/D exchange reactions with D 2 already at room temperature. They are evidenced and monitored with time by FTIR spectroscopy.
Das Problem Systematische Musikwissenschaft (1976)

Die als Tatsache angenommene Spaltung der Musikwissenschaft in Ristorisene4 und systematische4, die in Begriffspaaren wie ,Geist-Natur4, ,Geschichte-Theorie' ,genetisch-strukturell' ,deduktiv-induktiv' oder ^diographisch-nomothetisch4 ihre Parallele zu haben scheint, erweist sich als ein Stuck Mystifikation, sobald man diese Begriffspole als eine dialektische Einheit von Geschichte und System begreift. Dialektisch heist hier nicht mehr, als aufeinander angewiesen zu sein; sich gegenseitig, gerade durch Unterschiede, zu einer Einheit zu erganzen. Denn die Grundbegriffe der Musikwissenschaft, zweifellos als Produkte theoretischer Verallgemeinerung entstanden, sind Instrumente, mit deren Hilfe die Vergangenheit erfast und erklart werden soll. Zugleich sind diese Grundbegriffe selbst geschichtlichen Wandlungen unterworfen, durch die sie ihre bleibende Substanz offenbaren. Und die Tatsache, das etwa das Problem der „Datierung der Sequenzen des Graduale Abdinghofe aus Paderborn mit einer Untersuchung „Subjektiver Differenzen hochster horbarer Tone am angrenzenden Bereich des Ultraschalls nur wenig an Gemeinsamkeit aufweist, suggeriert eher die Frage nach dem eigentlichen Gegenstand und Sinn sowohl der historischen als auch der systematischen Musikwissenschaft, als das durch diese nebeneinander stehenden Probleme der Gegensatz zwischen ,historisch4 und systematisch4 uberzeugend demonstriert ware.
Available Systems for the Conversion of Waste Heat to Electricity (2014)

The conversion of heat into electricity, generally speaking heat-to-power generation, is a wide area of technologies and applications. This paper focuses on available systems, excepted the internal combustion cycles, applied to transform (waste) heat to power. Data of referenced market proved or time-to-market technologies are presented. A database of more than 1100 references has been built. The following categories can be found: Rankine Cycle plant, Organic Rankine Cycle plant, Steam engine, Kalina Cycle plant, Brayton cycle plant, micro gas turbine, closed cycle gas turbine plant, combined cycle gas turbine plant, Stirling engine, Ericsson engine and thermoelectric generator. We intentionally target a range of power from Watts to hundreds of MW, covering the range of temperature [80–1000°C] usually addressed by these systems. The comparison of performances is hereby discussed and compared to thermodynamic principles and theoretical results in the graph Maximum temperature [°C] versus Thermodynamic efficiency. Comparison with Carnot and Chambadal-Novikov-Curzon-Ahlborn efficiencies are performed. A more original contribution is the presentation of the graph Power [W] versus Thermodynamic efficiency. The analysis reveals a monotonous trend inside each technology. Furthermore this general behavior covers a very wide range of power, including technological transitions. Finally, the position of each technology in the map Maximum temperature [°C] versus Power [W] is also analyzed. Explanations based on thermodynamics and techno-economic approaches are proposed.
Leg Ulcers and Hydroxyurea (1999)

This longest-reported series of patients confirms the role of hydroxyurea therapy in the onset of leg ulcerations. Healing or improvement requires cessation of treatment. Cutaneous atrophy and impaired wound healing may explain the relationship between hydroxyurea and leg ulcers. In addition, the megaloblastic erythrocytes resulting from the presence of hydroxyurea may circulate poorly through the capillary network. A prospective study in hematologic centers would be valuable.