gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature surveys, the art of interpretation (1969)

Temperature logs are in common use in both drilling and production efforts. Because of their basically empirical development and semi-quantitative nature, the industry was slow to accept the use and results of this instrument. There are specific applications where temperature logs provide comparable or superior information to other investigative logging tools. In each case, however, qualitative results depend strongly on the proper commitment of equipment capability to well condition (before and during logging) and to downhole logging methods. Six accepted temperature survey uses which are covered in detail are: (1) cement tops; (2) gas entry or channels; (3) water production logs; (4) fluid injection profile; (5) frac evaluation logs; and (6) acid evaluation logs. These 6 topics provide sound information for most normal or routine temperature applications. Each of these temperature log applications is discussed from the standpoint of procedural prerequisites to obtain a quality log. The interpretation and use of these logs are supported with numerous examples.
1.3.1 How to use systems architecture to specify the operational perimeter of an innovative product line (2012)

Abstract In industrial companies, it can be observed that research and development departments encounter difficulties during the innovation phase. Indeed, searchers have a tendency to optimize technologies in an unorganized way. As a result, they often end up with products that do not fit with the industrial needs and are stored on shelves. The emergence of new products in an industrial perimeter should be the result of a careful study of the context, environment constrains, and stakeholder's needs which have to be translated into requirements building a frame for innovation. This article's aim is to propose a suitable methodology (system architecture) to manage and supervise innovation in order to create or improve a product. We will apply this methodology to a wireless sensor network system which is an innovative product research field launch by the rising aeronautic need to lighten aircrafts. As this system's final purpose is to be installed on aircrafts, we will try to build a family of modular systems with common basic module and specific compatible modules.
Theoretical study of a motor vehicle-pole impact (2001)

This paper presents a theoretical model investigating a car impact with a timber light pole. The model proposed in this paper, compares its predictions with those of a commercial dynamic analysis package and presents the results of a parameter study that identifies the important pole parameters and quantifies their effect. The parameter study highlights the fact that the act of simply making a pole frangible will not, of its own, reduce vehicle decelerations to levels where car occupants are likely to survive. Pole mass also plays a significant role. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E206143.
Resilience in patients and spouses faced with malignant melanoma. A qualitative longitudinal study (2014)

Life-threatening diseases like malignant tumours are associated with considerable existential distress. Little is known about the factors that promote resilience within these individuals. This longitudinal qualitative partner study aimed to analyse resilience as per Antonovsky's sense of coherence. Eight patients with malignant melanoma and their partners were interviewed. They were asked about their coping strategies, attitudes towards the meaning of life and their cancer, and comprehension of what is happening to them. The questions were asked shortly after their diagnosis was made and 6 months later. All interviews were audio-taped and later transcribed and analysed according to the method of qualitative content analysis described by P. Mayring. At baseline, the majority of statements made (261; patients = 141/spouses = 120) related to coping/manageability of disease, with only 26 statements (patients = 15/spouses = 11) related to meaning and 127 (patients = 64/spouses = 63) to comprehension. There were no significant differences between the responses of patients and their partners and no significant changes in the number of statements during the 6-month interview. The most significant theme that emerged was manageability of disease, with distraction the most commonly utilised coping skill. The comprehension and meaning themes were far less prevalent. Hence, support should focus on disease and situational manageability.
The Effects of Freeze Drying and Rehydration on Survival of Microorganisms in Kefir (2005)

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of freeze drying on the microorganisms in kefir. Influences of lyoprotectants and rehydrated media (water at 4C, 25C; 10% reconstituted milk at 4C, 25C) on the viability of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in freeze-dried kefir were investigated. Kefir was made from cow milk which was inoculated with 5% kefir grains, and incubated at 20C for 20 h. Lyoprotectants (galactose, lactose, maltose, sucrose and trehalose) were added independently before dehydration of kefir by freeze drying. Results indicated significant loss in viability of microorganisms in kefir after freeze-drying. Addition of 10% galactose or 10% sucrose as lyoprotectants significantly increased the survival rates of both lactic acid bacteria and yeasts (p<0.05). The 4C rehydration temperature showed the best viabilities for yeasts, however, viability was not significantly affected by rehydration media (p>0.05). (
Effect of chemotherapy on the mutation frequency of ovarian cancer cells at the HPRT locus. (2005)

We demonstrated that, in a limited number of colonies from an ovarian cancer, there was an ability to increase the mutation frequency at the HPRT locus after exposure to common chemotheraputics used in the treatment of this disease. This induction of more mutations by chemotherapy may help explain the developing chemoresistance of this disease during or following treatment.
Bit Depth and Sample Rate Tunable Digital to Analog Converter using Conversion/Dispersion Based Delays (2011)

We experimentally demonstrate a bit depth and sample rate tunable and reconfigurable optical digital to analog converter (DAC) using conversion/dispersion based delays with optical multicasting and multiplexing. 4-bit 10-GSample/s optical DAC is realized with ~2% and ~5.6% error from theory for electrical and optical multiplexing, respectively.
Quantifying light exposure patterns in young adult students (2013)

Exposure to bright light appears to be protective against myopia in both animals (chicks, monkeys) and children, but quantitative data on human light exposure are limited. In this study, we report on a technique for quantifying light exposure using wearable sensors. Twenty-seven young adult subjects wore a light sensor continuously for two weeks during one of three seasons, and also completed questionnaires about their visual activities. Light data were analyzed with respect to refractive error and season, and the objective sensor data were compared with subjects' estimates of time spent indoors and outdoors. Subjects' estimates of time spent indoors and outdoors were in poor agreement with durations reported by the sensor data. The results of questionnaire-based studies of light exposure should thus be interpreted with caution. The role of light in refractive error development should be investigated using multiple methods such as sensors to complement questionnaires.
Operation of a brain-computer interface walking simulator for individuals with spinal cord injury (2013)

The results of this study demonstrate that SCI participants can purposefully operate a self-paced BCI walking simulator to complete a goal-oriented ambulation task. The operation of the proposed BCI system requires short training, is intuitive, and robust against participant-to-participant and day-to-day neurophysiological variations. These findings indicate that BCI-controlled lower extremity prostheses for gait rehabilitation or restoration after SCI may be feasible in the future.
Simulating STEM images in micrometers-thick solid and liquid specimens (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Mutual impact of two operators' WCDMA radio networks on coverage, capacity and QoS in a macro cellular environment (2002)

In 3/sup rd/ generation cellular systems using WCDMA radio access technology (RAT) one operator could theoretically operate it's network by using only one frequency when another operator in the same area uses the immediate adjacent frequency. Then, on contrary to other systems, the adjacent channel interference (ACI) is coming entirely from another operator. Since most likely the network plans will be completely independent, the only means to combat this ACI is applying appropriate filters. This paper shows results on a study of the influence of 2 macro operators using WCDMA RAT in the same area in adjacent channels, by applying the filter values specified in 3GPP TS 25.101and 3GPP TS 25.104 . Two cases, one from an urban and one from a suburban area are shown. Example results on outage, coverage probabilities, quality of service, transmit power distributions etc. are presented with and without the second operator present and compared with each other. In conclusion of the comparison it is shown, that in macro cellular scenarios the influence of both operators on each other is negligible.
The Trichoderma koningii aggregate species (2006)

The morphological concept of Trichoderma koningii is found to include several species that differ from each other in details of phenotype (including conidium morphology, growth rate) and biogeography. Phylogenetic analysis utilizing partial sequences of the translation-elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1), as well as fragments of actin and calmodulin genes, indicate that phenotypic characters typical of T. koningii evolved independently in three well-separated main lineages. Combined molecular and phenotype data lead to the development of a taxonomy with the recognition of twelve taxonomic species and one variety within the three lineages. These lineages include: (1) T. koningii and T. ovalisporum and the new species T. caribbaeum var. caribbaeum, T. caribbaeum var. aequatoriale, T. dorotheae, T. dingleyae, T. intricatum, T. koningiopsis, T. petersenii and T. taiwanense; (2) the new species T. rogersonii and T. austrokoningii, and (3) the new anamorph T. stilbohypoxyli.Trichoderma koningii s. str. is an uncommon species restricted to Europe and eastern North America; T. caribbaeum var. aequatoriale, T. koningiopsis, and T. ovalisporum were isolated as endophytes of trunks of Theobroma species in tropical America, and T. ovalisporum from the woody liana Banisteropsis caapi in Ecuador; T. koningiopsis is common in tropical America but was isolated also from natural substrata in East Africa, Europe and Canada, and from ascospores in eastern North America, and as an endophyte in Theobroma species; T. stilbohypoxyli, originally described as a parasite of Stilbohypoxylon species in Puerto Rico, is found to be more common in the tropics, besides an endophytic isolate from Fagus in U.K. The additional new species are known almost exclusively from their teleomorphs. Isolates of T. ovalisporum and T. koningiopsis may have biological control potential. A morphophenetic key and a set of tools for molecular species identification were developed.
Radical Ion Probes. 8. Direct and Indirect Electrochemistry of 5,7-Di-tert-butylspiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-one and Derivatives (1998)

Results pertaining to the direct and indirect electrochemistry of 5,7-di-tert-butylspiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-one (1a), 1-methyl-5,7-di-tert-butylspiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-one (1b), and 1,1,-dimethyl-5,7-di-tert-butylspiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-one (1c) are reported. Product analyses reveal that reduction of all these substrates leads to cyclopropane ring-opened products; ring opening occurs with modest selectivity leading to the more substituted (stable) distonic radical anion. The direct electrochemistry of these compounds is characterized by rate limiting electron transfer (with α ≈ 0.5), suggesting that while ring opening is extremely rapid, the radical anions do have a discrete lifetime (i.e., electron transfer and ring opening are not concerted). Utilizing homogeneous redox catalysis, rate constants for electron transfer between 1a, 1b, and 1c and a series of aromatic radical anions were measured; reduction potentials and reorganization energies were derived from these rate constants by using Marcus theory.
Carboxylic acids in the hindgut of rats fed highly soluble inulin andBifidobacterium lactis(Bb-12),Lactobacillus salivarius(UCC500) orLactobacillus rhamnosus(GG) (2007)

Background: Propionic and butyric acids are important nutrients for the mucosal cells and may therefore increase the nutritional status and reduce the permeability of the colonic mucosa. These acids have also been suggested to counteract diseases in the colon, e.g. ulcerative colitis and colon cancer. Different substrates lead to different amounts and patterns of carboxylic acids (CAs). Objective: To study the effect of probiotics on CA formation in the hindgut of rats given inulin. Design: The rats were given inulin, marketed as highly soluble by the producer, together with the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb-12), Lactobacillus salivarius (UCC500) or Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG), or a mixture of all three. Results: Rats fed inulin only had comparatively high proportions of propionic and butyric acids throughout the hindgut. When diets were supplemented with Bb-12 and UCC500, the caecal pool of CAs increased compared with inulin only. In the caecum the proportion of butyric acid generally decreased when the rats were fed probiotics. In the distal colon the proportion of propionic and butyric acid was lower, while that of lactic acid was generally higher. The caecal pH in rats fed GG and Bb-12 was lower than expected from the concentration of CAs. Further, rats fed GG had the lowest weight gain and highest caecal tissue weight. Conclusions: It is possible to modify the formation of CAs by combining inulin with probiotics. Different probiotics had different effects. Keywords: Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb-12); carboxylic acids; inulin; Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG); Lactobacillus salivarius (UCC500); prebiotics
The Tri-Institutional Pain Registry—Analysis of Outpatient Pain Management at a Specialized Cancer Center (2017)

A limited set of medications was required to manage most patients in the clinic, supporting the continued place of opioids and the World Health Organization analgesic ladder in managing cancer pain. Women may need a more nuanced approach for obtaining the best balance of pain relief and side effects.
<title>A 2V 0.35μm CMOS DECT RF front end with on-chip frequency synthesizer</title> (2005)

An integrated CMOS RF front-end receiver complying with the DECT standard is presented. It is implemented in a standard 0.35<i>&#956;</i>m CMOS technology operating with 2 V power supply and includes the Low Noise amplifier (LNA), the quadrature mixer and the frequency synthesizer. The frequency synthesizer is based on an integer-N Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and uses two coupled Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCOs) for direct I/Q generation. The packaged circuit exhibits 9.2dB NF, -19.5 dBm IIP3, 27.5 dB gain and consumes 30mA. This work demonstrates the feasibility of an integrated RF front-end for a wide band standard using a direct conversion architecture that minimizes the number of external components and a cheap standard CMOS technology.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory -- Contributions to the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2019) (2019)

Contributions from the IceCube Collaboration presented at the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 24 July - 1 August 2019, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
2-Amino-5-aryl-2-oxazolines. Tautomerism, Stereochemistry, and an Unusual Reaction (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Amino-5-aryl-2-oxazolines. Tautomerism, Stereochemistry, and an Unusual ReactionJohn R. Carson, George I. Poos, and Harold R. Almond Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 7, 2225–2228Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01018a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01018a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A review of cancer nursing workforce issues in Australia (2004)

The current shortage of cancer nurses exists in most countries reflecting issues in supply and demand. The problem is complex with several factors contributing to the shortage. The author examines these factors and discusses a range of potential solutions for addressing the current challenges. (non-author abstract)
<title>High Speed Interleaved Reed-Solomon Error Detection and Correction System</title> (1983)

Due to the relatively high raw error rate on present day Optical Media, a high performance, real-time error detection and correction system was necessary to achieve the kind of data reliability required in computer storage systems. This paper describes such an error detection and correction system, based on an interleaved Reed-Solomon code, that is capable of correcting multiple burst errors. A pipelined architecture combines several special-purpose processors designed for specific decoding functions. This system, operating at speeds of up to 30 megabits per second, achieves an increase in reliability of more than ten orders of magnitude.
Instabilities of Self-Pumped Phase-Conjugate Laser (1985)

Optical chaos has recently been observed in a phase-conjugate laser 1 (PCL) where phase conjugation was obtained by degenerate four-wave- mixing in BaTiO 3 . This complex dynamical behaviour is not predicted by a simple third-power law for the phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) reflectivity. A nonlinear theory by Wright et al 2 has also confirmed the possibility of optical instabilities in a PCL with external pumps and without a saturable gain medium.
Spraying of zirconium-diboride powder by an electrical column explosion technique and its mechanism (1994)

An electrical column explosion technique was proposed for the spraying of zirconium-diboride powder. For the study on its spraying mechanism and the feasibility of high-density coating, the explosion of a column specimen composed of an alumina tube containing the powder was examined under argon gas of 0.1 MPa with time-resolved measurements of the heating process of an exploding column, behavior of a discharge channel, and spraying of ZrB2 powder through column explosion. From these measurements, there is convincing evidence that the column explosion was started with electrical discharge of argon gas among ZrB2 particles inside the tube, and with sequential temperature increase of the particles to the melting point. Electrical discharge and rapid heating inside the column specimen during a few tens of μs were expected to initiate microcracks due to shocklike intense stress in the tube, and further to cause fracture of the column. In fact, another gas breakdown was induced outside the column, and it was followed by the formation of a cylindrical shock wave and an electrical discharge channel, and by their radial expansion. The fracture of the column was found at a later period of electrical discharge, and it caused the dispersion of lots of small fragments. Consequently, ZrB2 powder was ejected symmetrically. ZrB2-coated substrates were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope and an energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscope. It was confirmed that the coating resulted from the deposition through impacts of fine molten particles on the substrate. The substrate was covered completely with ZrB2 deposition through spraying only a few times. No pore was found under observation of several μm in size in the deposition layer and the layer-substrate interface. Hence, the ZrB2 spraying experiments presented have revealed the high feasibility of high-density coating of conductive refractory ceramics powder with this column explosion technique.
Enantioselective 1,4-addition of kojic acid derivatives to β-nitroolefins catalyzed by a cinchonine derived sugar thiourea (2014)

A highly enantioselective Michael addition reaction of kojic acid derivatives to β-nitroolefins has been accomplished using a cinchonine derived sugar thiourea. The reaction provides the corresponding Michael adducts in excellent yields with a high degree of enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) in short reaction time with low catalyst loading. The Michael adducts are found to exhibit promising cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines.
Controlled perturbation for Delaunay triangulations (2005)

Most geometric algorithms are idealistic in the sense that they are designed for the Real-RAM model of computation and for inputs in general position. Real inputs may be degenerate and floating point arithmetic is only an approximation of real arithmetic. Perturbation replaces an input by a nearby input which is (hopefully) in general position and on which the algorithm can be run with floating point arithmetic. Controlled perturbation as proposed by Halperin et al. calls for more: control over the amount of perturbation needed for a given precision of the floating point system. Or conversely, a control over the precision needed for a given amount of perturbation. Halperin et al. gave controlled perturbation schemes for arrangements of polyhedral surfaces, spheres, and circles.We extend their work and point out that controlled perturbation is a general scheme for converting idealistic algorithms into algorithms which can be executed with floating point arithmetic. We also show how to use controlled perturbation in the context of randomized geometric algorithms without deteriorating the running time. Finally, we give concrete schemes for planar Delaunay triangulations and convex hulls and Delaunay triangulations in arbitrary dimensions. We analyze the relation between the perturbation amount and the precision of the floating point system. We also report about experiments with a planar Delaunay diagram algorithm.