gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
112 Flow Analysis of Hydraulic Valve Used in Construction Machinery (2001)

The Hydraulic valve used in construction machinery features at notches on its spool for obtaining desired operation performance. Because of the special structure of the spoo1, the valve has different characteristics from the traditional spool valve. This paper uses CFD to simulate the flow state in valve as the spool at various positions and so to obtain the flow and flow force characteristics. To make the flow analysis more effectively, an assembling styled modeling method based on uncontinious mesh is proposed. The comparison between the experiment and analysis results shows the analysis results are satisfactory.
<i>In-situ</i> Mass Spectroscopic Analysis of Glucose Decomposition under Hydrothermal Condition: Quantitative Analysis for Reaction Kinetics (2017)

Quantitative in-situ analysis by mass spectroscopic (MS) method was developed and designed in order to elucidate the decomposition kinetics of glucose under hydrothermal conditions. Briefly, the proposed methodology employed a quadrupole mass analyzer coupled with a tubular batch reactor via custom-built connection fittings. At first, the hydrothermal treatment of glucose was conducted at temperatures ranging from 140 to 220 °C with reaction times between 2.5 min and 20 min. Liquid product obtained after the hydrothermal process was quantitatively analyzed with a mass analyzer and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyzer. The in-situ MS analysis revealed that the decomposition rate of glucose was enhanced at higher temperatures. The results also showed the presence of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and other low-molecular-weight acids whose concentrations increased when the temperature increased to 180 °C and higher. A reaction pathway of glucose was developed, and the reaction rate constants were determined assuming first-order reactions.
Galectins: Key Players at the Frontiers of Innate and Adaptive Immunity (2018)

The proper function of the immune system entails multiple regulatory pathways aimed at modulating immunogenic and tolerogenic functions of immune cells. Galectins, a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins, control a variety of biological processes involved in activation, differentiation, trafficking and survival of immune cells. In this review we summarize pioneer work and emerging findings highlighting selected functions of galectins as regulatory checkpoints that control innate and adaptive immune cell programs.
Methionine recycling pathways and antimalarial drug design (1995)

5'-Deoxy-5'-(methylthio)adenosine (MTA) is an S-adenosylmethionine metabolite that is generated as a by-product of polyamine biosynthesis. In mammalian cells, MTA undergoes a phosphorolytic cleavage catalyzed by MTA phosphorylase to produce adenine and 5-deoxy-5-(methylthio)ribose-1-phosphate (MTRP). Adenine is utilized in purine salvage pathways, and MTRP is subsequently recycled to methionine. Whereas some microorganisms metabolize MTA to MTRP via MTA phosphorylase, others metabolize MTA to MTRP in two steps via initial cleavage by MTA nucleosidase to adenine and 5-deoxy-5-(methylthio)ribose (MTR) followed by conversion of MTR to MTRP by MTR kinase. In order to assess the extent to which these pathways may be operative in Plasmodium falciparum, we have examined a series of 5'-alkyl-substituted analogs of MTA and the related MTR analogs and compared their abilities to inhibit in vitro growth of this malarial parasite. The MTR analogs 5-deoxy-5-(ethylthio)ribose and 5-deoxy-5-(hydroxyethylthio)ribose were inactive at concentrations up to 1 mM, and 5-deoxy-5-(monofluoroethylthio)ribose was weakly active (50% inhibitory concentration = 700 microM). In comparison, the MTA analogs, 5'-deoxy-5'-(ethylthio)adenosine,5'-deoxy-5'-(hydroxyethylthio)ade nosine (HETA), and 5'-deoxy-5'-(monofluoroethylthio)adenosine, had 50% inhibitory concentrations of 80, 46, and 61 microM, respectively. Extracts of P. falciparum were found to have substantial MTA phosphorylase activity. Coadministration of MTA with HETA partially protected the parasites against the growth-inhibitory effects of HETA. Results of this study indicate that P. falciparum has an active MTA phosphorylase that can be targeted by analogs of MTA.
High Pre‐Transplant Soluble CD30 Levels are Predictive of the Grade of Rejection (2005)

In renal transplantation, serum soluble CD30 (sCD30) levels in graft recipients are associated with increased rejection and graft loss. We investigated whether pre-transplant sCD30 concentrations are predictive of the grade of rejection. Pre-transplant sera of 51 patients with tubulointerstitial rejection (TIR), 16 patients with vascular rejection (VR) and an age-matched control group of 41 patients with no rejection (NR) were analyzed for sCD30. The transplant biopsies were immunostained for C4d. The median sCD30 level was significantly elevated in the group with VR (248 Units (U)/mL, range: 92-802) when compared with TIR (103 U/mL, range: 36-309, p<0.001) and NR (179 U/mL, range: 70-343, p<0.03). Moreover, patients with TIR had significantly lower sCD30 levels compared to NR. Based on C4d staining, a TH2 driven process, the median sCD30 levels were significantly raised in C4d+ patients compared with C4d- group (177 U/mL vs. 120 U/mL, p<0.05). sCD30 levels measured at time of transplantation correlate with the grade of rejection. High pre-transplant levels are associated with antibody-mediated rejection which carries a poorer prognosis. sCD30 could be another tool to assess immunological risk prior to transplantation and enable a patient centered approach to immunosuppression.
Simulation of the dynamic and equilibrium properties of many-chain polymer systems (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimulation of the dynamic and equilibrium properties of many-chain polymer systemsDavid E. Kranbuehl and Peter H. VerdierCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 4, 749–755Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00134a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00134a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Management of Pain in Parkinson’s Disease (2020)

Pain is a very frequent symptom with influence on the quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD), but is still underdiagnosed and commonly treated only unsystematically. Pain etiology and pain character are often complex and multi-causal, and data regarding treatment recommendations are limited. Pain can be primarily related to PD but frequently it is associated with secondary diseases, such as arthrosis of the spine or joints. However, even basically PD-unrelated pain often is amplified by motor- or non-motor PD symptoms, such as akinesia or depression. Beyond an optimization of anti-parkinsonian treatment, additional pain treatment strategies are usually needed to properly address pain in PD. A careful pain history and diagnostic work-up is essential to rate the underlying pain pathophysiology and to develop a targeted therapeutic concept. This review gives an overview on how pain is treated in PD patients and how patients assess the effectiveness of these therapies; here, the manuscript focuses on pathophysiology-driven suggestions for a multimodal pain management in clinical practice.
Management and Deployment of the Service-Oriented Sensors in Grid System (2006)

Sensors are introduced to monitor resources and services in grid. Different sensors have been designed according to different services. How to effectively manage and install these sensors is a big challenge. With the changes of resources and services, the sensors need be dynamic activated or deactivated, effectively managed and rapidly installed. For addressing these issues, this paper presents several management and deployment algorithms for these service-oriented sensors. At first, a service-oriented sensor management model and its workflow are introduced. After that, demand-driven and event-driven deployment algorithms are proposed to support the sensors' deployment and update. Results of experiments suggest that the two types of algorithms do not have an obvious influence on the performance of resource provider, but because of sensors' monitor and control, the average available rate of grid services approximately increases by 42%
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium orygis Strain 51145 (2021)

We report the complete 4,352,172-bp genome sequence of <i>Mycobacterium orygis</i> strain 51145 assembled into a single circular chromosome. Comparative genomic analyses with other lineages of the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex can provide insights into the biology, evolution, and epidemiology of this important group of pathogenic mycobacteria.
Microfabricated photocrosslinkable polyelectrolyte-complex of chitosan and methacrylated gellan gum (2012)

Chitosan (CHT) based polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) have been receiving great attention for tissue engineering approaches. These hydrogels are held together by ionic forces and can be disrupted by changes in physiological conditions. In this study, we present a new class of CHT-based PEC hydrogels amenable to stabilization by chemical crosslinking. The photocrosslinkable anionic methacrylated gellan gum (MeGG) was complexed with cationic CHT and exposed to light, forming a PEC hydrogel. The chemical characterization of the photocrosslinkable PEC hydrogel by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed absorption peaks specific to the raw polymers. A significantly higher swelling ratio was observed for the PEC hydrogel with higher CHT content. The molecular interactions between both polysaccharides were evaluated chemically and microscopically, indicating the diffusion of CHT to the interior of the hydrogel. We hypothesized that the addition of MeGG to CHT solution first leads to a membrane formation around MeGG. Then, migration of CHT inside the MeGG hydrogel occurs to balance the electrostatic charges. The photocrosslinkable feature of MeGG further allowed the formation of cell-laden microscale hydrogel units with different shapes and sizes. Overall, this system is potentially useful for a variety of applications including the replication of microscale features of tissues for modular tissue engineering.
Effects of Petrophysical Properties on Array-Induction Measurements Acquired in the Presence of Oil-Base Mud-Filtrate Invasion (2008)

We quantify the influence of petrophysical properties on array-induction resistivity measurements acquired in the presence of oil-base mud (OBM) filtrate invasion. To simulate OBM-filtrate invasion, we consider a simple two-component formulation for the oil phase (OBM and reservoir oil) wherein the components are first-contact miscible. Simulations also include the presence of irreducible, capillary-bound, and movable water. The dynamic process of OBM invasion causes the component concentrations to vary with space and time. In addition, the relative mobility ofthe oil phase varies during the process of invasion given that oil viscosity and oil density are both dependent on component concentrations. This behavior in turn conditions the spatial distribution of electrical resistivity and, consequently, the borehole array-induction measurements. We use an implicit pressure, explicit concentration (IMPEC) reservoir simulator with a two-component formulation to reproduce the invasion process in axial-symmetric rock formations penetrated by a vertical well. Simulations of the process of OBM-filtrate invasion yield two-dimensional spatial distributions of water and oil saturation that are transformed into spatial distributions of electrical resistivity using Waxman-Smits' saturation-resistivity equations. Subsequently, we simulate array-induction measurements with a numerical mode-matching method. Simulation of induction measurements in the presence of OBM are compared against the corresponding measurements acquired in the presence of water-base mud (WBM) using field measurements from a deepwater Gulf-of-Mexico reservoir. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to quantify the effect of OBM-filtrate invasion on array-induction logs, including different values of formation porosity-permeability, movable water zone, capillary pressure, relative permeability, mud-filtrate invasion rates, and fluid viscosity. In addition, we quantify the effect of changes of rock wettability due to OBM invasion on field measurements. Our study indicates that relative permeability, capillary pressure, and flow rate of invasion control the radial length of invasion of OBM and, consequently, the values and relative separation of apparent resistivity curves. Porous rock formations saturated with movable water entail smooth radial distributions of water saturation which, in turn, result in deep (1.5 ft - 2 ft) radial invasion profiles and relatively large separation of apparent resistivity curves. By contrast, null or marginal separation of apparent resistivity curves occurs when the invaded rock is at irreducible water saturation.
15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and subsequently matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human breast cancer cells: possible roles of iron and ROS (2009)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has recently been found to be involved in angiogenesis and metastasis. In this study, we investigated whether HO-1 could potentiate the metastatic potential of human breast cancer cells. Treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with 30 microM of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) increased the expression of HO-1, which preceded the induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The 15d-PGJ2-induced upregulation of MMP-1 was abrogated by the HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) as well as introduction of HO-1 short interfering RNA. In addition, HO-1 inducers, such as cobalt protoporphyrin IX and hemin, upregulated the expression of MMP-1. Overexpression of HO-1 in the MCF-7 cells caused the induction of MMP-1 expression. Treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP abolished the migrative phenotype of 15d-PGJ2-treated MCF-7 cells. MCF-7 cells treated with 15d-PGJ2 exhibited intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which was abolished by ZnPP. We hypothesize that excess iron, released as a consequence HO-1 activity induced by 15d-PGJ2, is transiently available for the stimulation of intracellular ROS generation and subsequently MMP-1 expression. 15d-PGJ2-mediated upregulation of MMP-1 expression was blocked by the iron chelator desferrioxamine and the Fe2+-specific chelator 1,10-phenanthroline. The iron chelators as well as the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine abrogated ROS formation by 15d-PGJ2. In conclusion, 15d-PGJ2 upregulates MMP-1 expression via induction of HO-1 and subsequent production of iron capable of generating ROS, which may contribute to increased metastasis and invasiveness of the human breast cancer cells.
Modulation of albumin‐like protein and lysozyme production by bovine tracheal gland serous cells (1990)

Bovine tracheal submucosal gland serous cells were cultured in medium supplemented with either 10% fetal calf serum or 2% Ultroser G, a commercial serum substitute for cell culture. The proteins synthesized and secreted into the culture medium during [35S]methionine pulse, chase and isoproterenol-stimulated periods were analyzed. Marked differences in the patterns of secretory radiolabeled proteins with Mr values ranging from 15,000 to 95,000 were observed between pulse and chase media of cells cultured in fetal calf serum and Ultroser G. In the presence of Ultroser G, albumin-like protein production was inhibited 95% as compared to cultures incubated with fetal calf serum. A bovine lysozyme-type enzymatic activity was detected only in medium from stimulated cells cultured in Ultroser G. The results suggest that bovine tracheal serous cells synthesize different proteins according to the composition of culture medium and release certain proteins when adrenergically stimulated.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Carbosulfenylation of Olefins. (1988)

Abstract The title reaction of the olefins (I) stereospecificity yields the trans products (III).
How Conductivities and Viscosities of PC-DEC and PC-EC Solutions of LiBF[sub 4], LiPF[sub 6], LiBOB, Et[sub 4]NBF[sub 4], and Et[sub 4]NPF[sub 6] Differ and Why (2004)

Electrolytes of LiBOB, and in propylene carbonate-diethyl carbonate (PC-DEC) and propylene carbonate-ethylene carbonate (PC-EC) binary solvents were compared for their electrolytic conductivity (κ) and viscosity (η) to assist their application to the batteries and capacitors and to understand the mechanisms underlying the differences in these properties. For η, the -salts resulted in considerably higher values than the -salts, and the influence of an anion was such that the larger its size, the higher the η of the electrolyte. Correspondingly, κ of the -electrolytes was substantially higher than the -electrolytes, and a larger anion was accompanied by a lower κ, except for electrolytes at the low-η end. Toward this end, the order of κ tended to be in reverse: the κ of an electrolyte with a larger anion rose relative to one with a smaller anion. All evidence presented leads to the conclusion that the η, and thereby the κ, of the electrolytes are dominantly affected by the number of unassociated ions through their solvation by the carbonate solvent molecules, the different anions of the Li-salts exerting their influence only through altering the number by their different powers for associating with the © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
[State of the capillary network of rat myocardium in the presence of hypertrophy and physical loading]. (1980)

Morphofunctional state of the capillary network in various myocardial parts was studied in white rats under normal conditions, myocardial hypertrophy of different degree and under physical loading. It was demonstrated that density, metabolic surface and capacity of the capillary bed is larger in the right ventricle than in the left one. The capillary blood supply in hypertrophied myocardium, increasing simultaneously with hypertrophy, at the state of rest corresponds to its increasing mass. On the contrary, under maximal physical loading functioning of the capillary part in the myocardium becomes unadequate that is evident from a decreasing activity of the test animals.
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN FIXED AND FLUIDIZED BEDS. International Symposium 1984 (1988)

The International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer (ICHMT) selected for its 16th ICHMT Symposium the subject "Heat and Mass Transfer in Fixed and Fluidized Beds". It was held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, September 3-7, 1984. Fluidized beds and packed beds are extensively used as fluid-solid contactors and/or chemical reactors in the process industry, energy conversion and in metallurgical processes. A few examples are: drying, absorption processes, heterogeneously catalyzed chemical reactions, solid fuel combustion, gasification, black furnaces and other are processing equipment, and regenerative heat exchangers both for continuous and discontinuous operation etc. Considerable research has been devoted to basic insight into the mechanisms and rates of transport of heat and mass in these systems. New concepts, refined measurements, and new application areas have stimulated the development of ideas and knowledge on transport phenomena and produced sophisticated theories and design procedures for fluidized beds and packed beds. Nevertheless the problems are far from solved. This specially holds for fluidized beds due to the extremely complex phenomena associated with bubble formation and bubble growth but also due to the wide variety of conditions and regimes that are covered by the term fluidization.
Agent-based Argumentation for Ontology Alignments (2006)

Abstract. When agents communicate they do not necessarily use the same vocabulary or ontology. For them to interact successfully they must find correspondences between the terms used in their ontologies. While many proposals for matching two agent ontologies have been presented in the literature, the resulting alignment may not be satisfactory to both agents and can become the object of further negotiation between them. This paper describes our work constructing a formal framework for reaching agents ’ consensus on the terminology they use to communicate. In order to accomplish this, we adapt argument-based negotiation used in multi-agent systems to deal specifically with arguments that support or oppose candidate correspondences between ontologies. Each agent can decide according to its interests whether to accept or refuse the candidate correspondence. The proposed framework considers arguments and propositions that are specific to the matching task and related to the ontology semantics. This argumentation framework relies on a formal argument manipulation schema and on an encoding of the agents preferences between particular kinds of arguments. The former does not vary between agents, whereas the latter depends on the interests of each agent. Therefore, this work distinguishes clearly between the alignment rationales valid for all agents and those specific to a particular agent. 1
A Fluidic Approach to the Design of a Mud Pulser for Bore-Hole Telemetry While Drilling. (1979)

Mud-pulse telemetry is a method for communicating diagnostic information from the bottom of a well to the surface while the well is being drilled. Because mud-pulse telemetry offers potential for improving the safety of hazardous offshore drilling operations, the U.S. Geological Survey has sponsored a research program at the Harry Diamond Laboratories (HDL) to investigate the feasibility of applying fluidic flow control techniques to the design of a reliable high-speed pulser valve. During these investigations, three subscale fluidic mud-pulsing circuits were tested over a wide range of drilling-fluid weights and viscosities to simulate well-bore conditions. The tests demonstrated that the unusual rheological properties of drilling mud cause only slight changes in circuit performance. Further tests of circuit dynamic response indicate that a similar full-scale pulser will have a frequency response of 15 to 20 Hz. Analytical investigations have shown that both signal amplitude and frequency response of these test circuits may be improved through design modifications. HDL is now engaged in an ongoing effort to optimize the geometry of the subscale pulser circuit.