gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high resolution ultrastructural comparison of isolated andin situmurine AA amyloid fibrils (1998)

There is an inconsistency between the ultrastructural organization of AA amyloid fibrils that have been isolated, which are composed of a slowly twisting set of two or more protofibrils, and those seen in situ, which are tubular entities with a tight helical substructure. In this study, the ultrastructure of fibrils isolated from experimental murine AA amyloid were observed at high resolution and compared with those seen in situ in the hope of clarifying the reason for this inconsistency. The fibrils in situ were composed of a microfibril-like 8-9 nm wide core covered by a layer of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) to which 1 nm wide filaments, immunohistochemically identified as AA protein, were externally associated. Following isolation with the standard distilled water washing procedure, the HSPG layer and AA protein filaments detached from their core and dispersed into the water. The remaining denuded, variously loosened cores lost their typical appearance. In distilled water the detached 1 nm wide AA protein filaments became quite conspicuous and coiled themselves into 3 nm wide tight helices which in turn assembled into the characteristic slowly twisting sets of two parallel protofibrils similar to that previously reported as "isolated amyloid fibrils". The results emphasize that great caution must be taken in extrapolating amyloid fibril structure from isolated preparations to in situ tissue conditions.
Observation of infrared absorption of InAs quantum dot structures in AlGaAs matrix toward high-efficiency solar cells (2018)

In accordance with the detailed balance limit model of single-intermediate-band solar cells (IBSCs), the optimum matrix bandgap and IBconduction band (CB) energy gap are >1.9 and 0.7 eV, respectively.We present the room-temperature polarized infrared absorption of 20 stacked InAs quantum dot (QD) structures in the Al 0.32 Ga 0.68 As matrix with a bandgap of >1.9 eV for the design of high-efficiency IBSCs by using a multipass waveguide geometry.We find that the IB-CB absorption is almost independent of the light polarization, and estimate the magnitude of the absorption per QD layer to be >0.01%.We also find that the IB-CB absorption edge of QD structures with a wide-gap matrix is >0.41 eV.These results indicate that both the significant increase in the magnitude of IB-CB absorption and the lower energy of the IB state for the higher IB-CB energy gap are necessary toward the realization of high-efficiency IBSCs.
An AM-Stereo and FM-Stereo Receiver Concept For Carradio and Hifi (1981)

With the pending advent of AM-stereo it became necessary to review existing receiver concepts to see which alterations were required to adapt the original AM-mono/FM-stereo designs to the new technique. Several AM-stereo system proposals are presently under discussion. After careful consideration we selected the Magnavox AM-stereo system /l/ for this exercise, because it lends itself easily to a very economic implementation in modern FM-stereo receivers, while at the same time its performance compares favourably with competing systems. Starting out with a new generation of IC's which were designed with flexibility in mind it became obvious that by only adding a few extra components a high performance AM-stereo/FM-stereo receiver can be built.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of 105 Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Seattle, Washington (2020)

During the early days of the COVID-19 epidemic in Washington State, the disease had its greatest impact on elderly patients with medical comorbidities. We observed high rates of severe disease and mortality in our hospitalized patients.
Selective Amine Cross‐Coupling Using Iridium‐Catalyzed “Borrowing Hydrogen” Methodology (2009)

Something borrowed: Amine cross-coupling reactions are catalyzed using [{Cp*IrI2}2] (Cp*=C5Me5) in the absence of a base. A range of anilines were converted into their N-isopropyl derivatives, and the same process was also effective for alkylation of benzylamines and other aliphatic primary amines.
OCT changes of idiopathic epiretinal membrane after cataract surgery (2020)

We suggest that patients undergoing cataract surgery in the presence of epiretinal membranes need tight follow up to treat and control eventual macular inflammatory changes and eventual prompt vitrectomy if BCVA is threatened.
An Introduction to factor graphs (2004)

Graphical models such as factor graphs allow a unified approach to a number of key topics in coding and signal processing such as the iterative decoding of turbo codes, LDPC codes and similar codes, joint decoding, equalization, parameter estimation, hidden-Markov models, Kalman filtering, and recursive least squares. Graphical models can represent complex real-world systems, and such representations help to derive practical detection/estimation algorithms in a wide area of applications. Most known signal processing techniques -including gradient methods, Kalman filtering, and particle methods -can be used as components of such algorithms. Other than most of the previous literature, we have used Forney-style factor graphs, which support hierarchical modeling and are compatible with standard block diagrams.
Cerebellar toxicity of phencyclidine (1995)

Phencyclidine (PCP), dizocilpine maleate (MK801), and other NMDA antagonists are toxic to neurons in the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex. To determine if additional neurons are damaged, the distribution of microglial activation and 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) induction was studied following the administration of PCP and MK801 to rats. PCP (10-50 mg/kg) induced microglial activation and neuronal HSP70 mRNA and protein expression in the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex. In addition, coronal sections of the cerebellar vermis of PCP (50 mg/kg) treated rats contained vertical stripes of activated microglial in the molecular layer. In the sagittal plane, the microglial activation occurred in irregularly shaped patches, suggesting damage to Purkinje cells. In accord with this finding, PCP induced HSP70 protein and mRNA expression in Purkinje cells. Although there were relatively few foci of microglial activation and cells with HSP70 protein induction, HSP70 mRNA was detected in many Purkinje cells located throughout the cerebellar hemispheres as well as the vermis. MK801, at doses of 5-10 mg/kg, induced microglial activation and neuronal HSP70 mRNA and protein expression in the cingulate and retrosplenial cortex but not in the cerebellum. At the dose of 1 mg/kg MK801 induced HSP70 but did not consistently activate microglia. These data suggest that microglia are activated by MK801 doses that kill or severely damage neurons, whereas HSP70 is induced in "stressed" neurons at MK801 doses well below those that produce severe neurotoxicity. These observations suggest that PCP, but not MK801, is toxic to Purkinje cells and raise the question of whether NMDA antagonists or sigma ligands other than PCP are toxic to the cerebellum. Moreover, this study illustrates the usefulness of microglial activation and HSP70 induction as markers of neurotoxicity.
Direct Determination of Local Evaporative Heat Transfer Coefficientsby Simultaneous Measurement of Local Sweat Rate and Evaporation Rate (1997)

In this study, local evaporation rates (msk) at chest, front thigh and forearm were measured with local calorimeters and local sweat rates (msw) were simultaneously measured with ventilated capsules at the same regions while a subject was exposed to the heat (46-48°C) for one hour. During the first 30-40 minutes, msk increased progressively with msw and became appreciably less than msw after the skin region was fully wetted with sweat. Thus, the critical msk value can be clearly identified during the heat exposure so as to determine local evaporative heat transfer coefficients. The results showed that the he values for chest, front thigh and forearm were 5.5, 6.1 and 7.3 (kcal/m2.h.mmHg), respectively.
The Social Organization of Desire: The Sexual Fields Approach (2008)

Modern urban life is increasingly characterized by specialized erotic worlds designed for sexual partnership and sexual sociality. In this article, I build on sociological theory developed in areas other than the sociology of sexuality to formulate a frame-work uniquely suited to the analysis of such modern erotic worlds—the sexual fields framework. Coupling Goffman's social psychological focus on situational negotiation with a Bourdieusian model of routine practice, the sexual fields framework highlights the relationship of interactional work to fields of objective relations wherein historically specific erotic schemas acquire a structural manifestation that erotic players must navigate. In so doing, the sexual fields approach advances a set of sensitizing concepts for identifying the structures of collective sexual life, and raises a set of new lines of sociological inquiry, including the relationship of sexual fields to both psychoanalytic and macro-level structures and processes.
Febuxostat ethanol monosolvate (2020)

The title compound, 2-(3-cyano-4-iso-but-oxyphen-yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thia-zole-5-car-b-oxy-lic acid ethanol monosolvate, C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>S·C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O, (I), displays inter-molecular O-H⋯O and O-H⋯N bonds in which the carboxyl group of the febuxostat mol-ecule and the hydroxyl group of the ethanol mol-ecule serve as hydrogen-bond donor sites. These inter-actions result in a helical hydrogen-bonded chain structure. The title structure is isostructural with a previously reported methanol analogue.
MagiProbe: a novel fluorescence quenching-based oligonucleotide probe carrying a fluorophore and an intercalator (2002)

Fluorescence is the favored signaling technology for molecular diagnoses. Fluorescence energy transfer-based methods are powerful homogeneous assay tools. A novel oligonucleotide probe, named MagiProbe, which is simple to use, is described, and information given about the duplex formed with a target. The probe internally has a fluorophore and an intercalator. Its fluorescence is quenched by the intercalator in the absence of a target sequence. On hybridization with a target sequence, the probe emits marked fluorescence due to the interference in quenching by intercalation. Furthermore, MagiProbe hybridized with a single-base mismatched target emits less fluorescence than with a perfect matched target. It therefore can detect a single base difference in a double-stranded form with a target.
Enhanced gas-sorption properties of a high surface area, ultramicroporous magnesium formate (2014)

The gas-sorption properties of a high surface area α-magnesium formate with an expanded unit cell are reported. The material is stable in NH<sub>3</sub> and shows very high CH<sub>4</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> (5.2) selectivity.
Synthesis of isophthalates from methyl coumalate (2017)

Substituted isophthalates are synthesized from adducts of enol ethers and methyl coumalate.
Registration of ‘Texoma’ MaxQ II Tall Fescue (2010)

‘Texoma’ MaxQ II (Reg. No. CV‐99; PI 659316) tall fescue [ Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbysh. = Festuca arundinacea Schreb.], also tested under the designations PDF 584, PDF AR584, and AGRFA 144, was developed by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation in cooperation with AgResearch Ltd. and was released in 2009. The Continental, summer active, tall fescue ecotype PDF E+ was collected near Ardmore in south‐central Oklahoma and inoculated with the novel endophyte [ Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan‐Jones &amp; Gams.) Glenn, Bacon, &amp; Hanlin comb. nov.] AR584. Forage yields of Texoma MaxQ II in Oklahoma have been as much as 20% greater than those of ‘Jesup’ MaxQ. Likewise, persistence in the south‐central USA and seed yield in Oregon have been equal or superior to those of Jesup MaxQ. Transmission of viable endophyte in breeder and foundation seed of Texoma MaxQ II has been consistently greater than 90%. The average daily gain of lambs grazing Texoma MaxQ II has been twice that of animals grazing ‘Kentucky 31’ infected with a toxic endophyte (139 vs. 68 g d −1 , respectively). Texoma MaxQ II was released because of its broad adaptation to the south‐central USA, improved persistence, and forage yield.
Continuous Glucose Profiles in Healthy Subjects under Everyday Life Conditions and after Different Meals (2007)

This study provided continuous glucose profiles in nondiabetic subjects and demonstrated that differences in meal composition are reflected in postprandial interstitial glucose concentrations. Regarding the increasing application of continuous glucose monitoring in diabetic patients, these data suggest that detailed information about the ingested meals is important for adequate interpretation of postprandial glucose profiles.
Pre-miRNA Loop Nucleotides Control the Distinct Activities of mir-181a-1 and mir-181c in Early T Cell Development (2008)

These results demonstrate that pre-miRNA loop nucleotides play a critical role in controlling the activity of miRNA genes and that members of the same miRNA gene families could have evolved to achieve different activities via alterations in their pre-miRNA loop sequences, while maintaining identical or nearly identical mature miRNA sequences.
On the Interactive Capacity of Finite-State Protocols (2020)

The interactive capacity of a noisy channel is the highest possible rate at which arbitrary interactive protocols can be simulated reliably over the channel. Determining the interactive capacity is notoriously difficult, and the best known lower bounds are far below the associated Shannon capacity, which serves as a trivial (and also generally the best known) upper bound. This paper considers the more restricted setup of simulating finite-state protocols. It is shown that all two-state protocols, as well as rich families of arbitrary finite-state protocols, can be simulated at the Shannon capacity, establishing the interactive capacity for those families of protocols.
Reachability matrix and directed search-based optical path computation for large optical networks (2014)

We demonstrate for the first time computation of both single and disjoint regenerated paths using all-optical reachability matrix and hierarchical guided search, scaling to optical networks with thousands of nodes.
Figure S6 from Dual TGFβ/BMP Pathway Inhibition Enables Expansion and Characterization of Multiple Epithelial Cell Types of the Normal and Cancerous Breast (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Properties of cells grown from ascites fluids of ovarian cancer patients and a liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer&lt;/p&gt;
MYC and TFEB Control DNA Methylation and Differentiation in AML (2021)

Although the MYC transcription factor has been consistently implicated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), its gene targets and precise role in leukemogenesis remain unknown. In this issue of <i>Blood Cancer Discovery</i>, Yun and colleagues provide evidence that MYC directly suppresses the expression of TFEB, an mTORC1-regulated transcription factor. They show that, in the context of the myelocytic/granulocytic lineage, TFEB acts as a tumor suppressor by inducing the IDH1/2-TET pathway, which in turn, leads to altered DNA methylation and increased expression of genes involved in myeloid differentiation and apoptosis. Therefore, high levels of MYC suppress an epigenetic pathway that should normally act to attenuate leukemic progression. Identification of the components of this pathway is likely to inform new therapeutic tactics for AML and possibly other cancers. See related article by Yun et al., p. 162.
The Generation Study About Netspeak Semantic Vagueness (2014)

To study a linguistic phenomenon, you need to know its generation mechanism first. The formation of language and discourse is a really complicated process. It is not only a process to code speech in a multi-angle and multi-level way, but also a result of speakers’ special psychological effect. So it plays an important effect to study the generation of netspeak semantic vagueness. There are both similarities and differences between the generative mechanism of netspeak semantic vagueness and the entitative language. The distinctive and vital factor in generative mechanism of netspeak semantic vagueness is netspeak’s variability which is endowed in the course of its evolving and configurating, not only because it is generated through language mutation, but the metamorphosis pervades each level of netspeak, including lexical, grammar, semantic and so on.
Forces between Surfaces across Nanoparticle Solutions:  Role of Size, Shape, and Concentration (2007)

Using a surface force apparatus, we have measured the normal forces between mica surfaces across various types of nanoparticles consisting of ZnS cores coated with a monolayer of physisorbed surfactant, dispersed in organic solvents. We focused on the effects of nanoparticle size, shape, and concentration on the force-distance profiles. Forces were exponentially repulsive when the surfactant layers were strongly bound to the nanoparticles and were roughly linear when there was adhesion between the nanoparticle cores, i.e., when the surfactant layers detached from the nanoparticles. In both cases, the range and magnitude of the forces were dependent upon the particle size, shape, and solution concentration. Fine details in the otherwise smooth force-distance profiles indicate specific effects due to particle chemistry and geometry and the existence of first-order disorder-order phase transitions upon confinement. Small amounts of water in the (hydrophobic) organic solvents had dramatic effects on the measured forces. Understanding and controlling the effects of particle shape, size, and concentration and the presence of water (or other surface-active solutes) on particle-particle and particle-surface interactions are important for the processing of nanoparticles into ordered superstructured materials.
Involvement of protein kinase Cδ in induction of apoptosis by cationic liposomes in macrophage‐like RAW264.7 cells (2010)

We have recently demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in RAW264.7 cell apoptosis induced by cationic liposomes composed of stearylamine (SA-liposomes). In this study, we investigated whether protein kinase Cdelta PKCdelta) is involved in apoptosis induced by cationic liposomes. Tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear localization, and cleavage of PKCdelta were observed following the treatment of cells with SA-liposomes, suggesting that SA-liposomes activate PKCdelta. Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKCdelta, inhibited ROS generation and also suppressed apoptosis. Cell surface proteoglycans may contribute to PKCdelta activation by SA-liposomes. These findings suggest that PKCdelta is strongly associated with apoptosis induced by SA-liposomes.
Iron attenuates nitric oxide level and iNOS expression in endotoxin‐treated mice (1998)

The effect of exogenous Fe-citrate complex (Fe doses of 120 and 240 micromol/kg) on nitric oxide (NO) production in vivo has been studied in blood and liver tissue of endotoxin-treated mice. Fe-citrate complex was administered to mice subcutaneously at the same time with intravenous injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Iron-dependent decrease in NO2-/NO3- and nitrosyl hemoglobin levels in blood of animals was detected at 6 h after LPS administration, suggesting systemic attenuation of NO generation. NO production in the liver tissue of LPS-treated mice was decreased after Fe administration judging from the amount of mononitrosyl-iron complexes formed in the tissue by diethyldithiocarbamate. The iNOS protein determination in the liver tissue of LPS-treated mice demonstrated iron-dependent inhibition of iNOS expression. We have found previously that exogenous iron does not affect systemic NO level when it is given at 6 h after LPS injection, i.e. after iNOS expression. This is a first report demonstrating iron-dependent iNOS down-regulation in endotoxin-treated mice.
An Enzymatic Approach to the Desymmetrization of Disubstituted Pyrrolines (2006)

The enzymatic desymmetrization of 2,2- and 2,5-disubstituted pyrroline compounds is reported in a procedure which gives access to both enantiomers in excellent enantiomeric excess and good yield. The enzyme reaction precursors are formed easily from two readily available substituted pyrroles using both ammonia (Na/NH3) and ammonia-free (Li/DBB) Birch reduction conditions.
Radiation hybrid mapping of three skeletal muscle genes (CKM, ECH1 and TNNT1) to porcine chromosome 6. (2003)

International audience
Schottky Barrier Height of Ti on Strained Layer Si/Si1–xGexFilms (1997)

The Schottky barrier height of Ti on p-type Si1–xGex/Si and Si have been investigated-in the temperature range 110–250 K using the current voltage technique. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the reaction between Ti and SiGe alloys.
Characterisation of five candidate genes within the ETEC F4ab/ac candidate region in pigs (2011)

None of the identified polymorphisms are obvious causative mutations for ETEC F4ab/ac susceptibility, as they have no impact on the level of the overall mRNA expression nor predicted to influence the composition of the amino acids composition. However, we cannot exclude that the five tested genes are bona fide candidate genes for susceptibility to ETEC F4ab/ac infection since the identified polymorphism might affect the translational apparatus, alternative splice forms may exist and post translational mechanisms might contribute to disease susceptibility.
A Nonlinear Dynamical (Chaos) Approach to the Analysis of Broiler Growth (1994)

Mathematical chaos has been observed in a number of biological areas, suggesting that order can be found in systems previously described as random. Nonlinear analyses were conducted to determine whether periodicity or chaos was evident in the growth responses of broiler chickens. Analyses of the absolute growth rate and growth rate acceleration were conducted for four lines of broilers selected at 14 or 42 d for high or low growth rates (Experiment 1) and for a commercial broiler strain (Experiment 2). Resulting Lyapunov exponents (LE) and correlation dimensions (CD) were statistically evaluated. Time series and return map graphics were analyzed. In both experiments, independence of day-to-day growth responses was indicated by low r2 values. In Experiment 1, there were significant differences between lines in growth rate (low, 9.1 +/- .3; high, 12.9 +/- .5 g/d) and the standard deviation of growth rate (low, 5.8 +/- .2; high 7.3 +/- .3 g/d). There were no significant differences for LE or CD values between lines or day of selection. In general, the positive LE, noninteger values of CD, and return map graphics in both experiments suggested the presence of chaotic dynamics. Evaluation of mathematical chaos in broiler growth may give insight into the dynamics and modeling of growth and diseases associated with growth.