gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sublinear Partition Estimation (2015)

The output scores of a neural network classifier are converted to probabilities via normalizing over the scores of all competing categories. Computing this partition function, $Z$, is then linear in the number of categories, which is problematic as real-world problem sets continue to grow in categorical types, such as in visual object recognition or discriminative language modeling. We propose three approaches for sublinear estimation of the partition function, based on approximate nearest neighbor search and kernel feature maps and compare the performance of the proposed approaches empirically.
An expert in the lived experience of dementia: The story of Christine Bryden (2016)

Christine Bryden is a survivor of dementia and has been a passionate advocate for persons with dementia for more than 20 years. She has written 4 books. Her latest 2 books - Before I Forget and Nothing About Us, Without us! - give an insider's perspective into the lived experience of a person with dementia. This article provides a review of these 2 books which detail Christine Bryden's life story, and in doing so, highlight some of the key messages expressed by the author. These key messages include examining the various misconceptions about persons with dementia, the required care for persons with dementia, as well as the need for building a dementia-friendly society.
Imágenes del narcotráfico. 20 adaptaciones audiovisuales de la figura de Pablo Escobar en el siglo XXI. Usos de material de archivo en producciones de narco-ficción y documental (2021)

El presente artículo estudia todas las adaptaciones audiovisuales sobre la figura del narcotraficante Pablo Escobar Gaviria durante el siglo XXI, (2000-2018). Producciones que se enmarcan en el contexto de las llamadas narcoseries, basadas en historias reales. Dichas series se apoyan en el material de archivo para la construcción de relatos a partir de la realidad. El estudio toma como eje principal el uso del material de archivo en dichas producciones. Son analizadas 20 adaptaciones compuestas por series, documentales y unitarios de ficción. Las 20 producciones estudiadas son caracterizadas de manera sistemática, presentando las diferencias en función de los los países de la producción e identificando de manera cualitativa y cuantitativa los diversos usos del material de archivo, fotografías, videos, audios provenientes de noticias, archivos privados y álbumes familiares que soporta el componente de realidad para contar historias basadas en hechos reales.
Evaluation of a Novel, Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Compound, Acyclovir Elaidate (P-4010), in the Female Guinea Pig Model of Genital Herpes (1999)

The antiviral effect of acyclovir elaidate in the female guinea pig model of genital herpes was investigated in a series of experiments. The antiherpesvirus effects of this novel compound, 9-(2'-[trans-9"-octadecenoyloxyl]ethoxymethyl)guanine (code no. P-4010), were studied in both primary and recurrent genital herpes in the female guinea pig, following oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection, with different formulations of the compound, and in comparison with acyclovir (ACV) or penciclovir (PCV). The results indicate that compound P-4010 has a greater capability than either ACV or PCV in reducing the clinical symptoms of primary genital herpes induced following the inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) intravaginally into guinea pigs. In addition, the administration of P-4010 twice daily over a 10-day period by the intraperitoneal route (15 to 40 mg/kg of body weight/day) or by oral gavage (50 to 200 mg/kg/day), commencing 4 h subsequent to intravaginal HSV-2 infection, resulted in a degree of reduction in the incidence and severity of spontaneous, recurrent genital herpes in these animals. The findings are discussed in the light of the value and relevance of the female guinea pig model of genital herpes for the assessment of anti-herpes simplex virus compounds.
A novel clinical method for quantification of regional left ventricular pressure–strain loop area: a non-invasive index of myocardial work (2012)

The novel non-invasive method for regional LV pressure-strain loop area corresponded well with invasive measurements and with directly measured myocardial work and it reflected myocardial metabolism. This method for assessment of regional work may be of clinical interest for several patients groups, including LV dyssynchrony and ischaemia.
Evaluation of vaccine derived poliovirus type 2 outbreak response options: A randomized controlled trial, Karachi, Pakistan (2018)

mOPV2 was a more potent vaccine than tOPV. Adding IPV to OPV improved immunological response; adding IPV also seemed to have shortened the duration of PV2 shedding. mIPV2 did not provide measurable improvement of immune response when compared to conventional IPV. WHO recommendation to use mOPV2 as a vaccine of first choice in cVDPV2 outbreak response was supported by our findings. Clinical Trial registry number: NCT02189811.
Sacral root stimulation for bladder control a study by computer modeling (1992)

The sensitivity of excitation and blocking thresholds of nerve fibres within a sacral root to geometric and electric and geometrical parameters In stimulating using a cuff elctrode, have been simulated by a computer model. The model predicts that an asymmetrical trlpolar cuff can genarate unidirectional action potentials whilst blocking the large fibres bidirectionally. This shows that selective stimulation of the bladder wall may be possible without activating the urethral closure mechanism.
Dwarf and Increased Branching 1 controls plant height and axillary bud outgrowth in Medicago truncatula (2020)

Optimizing plant architecture is an efficient approach for breeders to increase crop yields, and phytohormones such as gibberellins (GAs) play an important role in controlling growth. Medicago truncatula is a model legume species, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its architecture are largely unknown. In this study, we examined a tobacco retrotransposon Tnt1-tagged mutant collection of M. truncatula and identified dwarf and increased branching 1 (dib1), which exhibited extreme dwarfism and increased numbers of lateral branches. By analysis of the flanking sequences of Tnt1 insertions in different alleles of the tagged lines, we were able to clone DIB1. Linkage analysis and reverse screening of the flanking-sequence tags identified Medtr2g102570 as the gene corresponding to the DIB1 locus in the dib1 loss-of-function mutants. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that DIB1 was the ortholog of PsGA3ox1/Le in Pisum sativum. Expression analysis using a GUS-staining reporter line showed that DIB1 was expressed in the root apex, pods, and immature seeds. Endogenous GA4 concentrations were markedly decreased whilst some of representative GA biosynthetic enzymes were up-regulated in the dib1 mutant. In addition, exogenous application of GA3 rescued the dib1 mutant phenotypes. Overall, our results suggest that DIB1 controls plant height and axillary bud outgrowth via an influence on the biosynthesis of bioactive GAs. DIB1 could therefore be a good candidate gene for breeders to optimize plant architecture for crop improvement.
ChemInform Abstract: COREY‐OX. EINES ALDEHYDO‐2,3‐DIDESOXY‐HEX‐2‐ENOSE‐TRIACETATS (1972)

Abstract Aus dem Aldehydo‐zuckerderivat (Ia) entsteht das peracetylierte Derivat (Ib), das mit NaCN, Eisessig und Mangandioxid zum Cyanhydrin (II) umgesetzt wird und weiter z.B. über (III) und (IV) zu den Carbonsäurederivaten (Va) und (Vb) reagiert.
Treatment of the Anemia of Progressive Renal Failure with Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (1989)

To examine the effects of erythropoietin on the anemia of chronic renal disease and on the rate of renal deterioration, we administered recombinant human erythropoietin to 17 patients with anemia and progressive renal failure who did not yet require dialysis (serum creatinine level, 353 to 972 mumol per liter [4.0 to 11.0 mg per deciliter]). The dose of erythropoietin (50 to 150 units per kilogram of body weight) was adjusted according to the hematocrit response. In all 17 patients the anemia responded to erythropoietin. The median hematocrit increased from 0.27 to 0.37. The rate of the response depended on the initial erythropoietin dose and was similar to that observed in patients who were on dialysis. Hypertension was present in 14 patients before therapy, developed during therapy in 2 of the normotensive patients, and worsened in 9 patients, who required additional antihypertensive medications. The rate of the decline in renal function, as measured by serial determination of the reciprocal of the serum creatinine level, did not change significantly as the hematocrit rose (P = 0.78 by the paired t-test) during erythropoietin therapy. All the patients reported improvements in appetite, activity level, and sense of well-being. We conclude that erythropoietin therapy is effective in correcting the anemia of patients with progressive renal failure without affecting renal function, although it may be associated with an increase in blood pressure.
Pressure-Transient Response of an Infinite-Conductivity Vertical Fracture in a Reservoir with Double-Porosity Behavior (1988)

Summary This paper describes the behavior of a naturally fractured reservoir when a well is producing through a vertical fracture with uniform flux or infinite conductivity. The reservoir model is a double-porosity medium, and both pseudo-steady-state and transient-interporosity-flow models are studied. The derivative vs. time for each solution is shown, and an analysis method for matching field data to such a model is presented. This study combines a reservoir and a well model, both of which have been extensively studied separately. Included are a quick review of the main characteristics of these models and the methods used to solve the problems. At the end of the study, a general method is suggested to extend models with constant boundary conditions—e.g., homogeneous and double-porosity cases.
Phage-displayed peptide targeting on the Puumala hantavirus neutralization site (1997)

We have selected ligands for Puumala hantavirus, the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica, from a seven-amino-acid peptide library flanked by cysteines and displayed on a filamentous phage. To direct the selection to areas on the virus particle which are essential for infection, phages were competitively eluted with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for the viral glycoproteins. The selected phage populations were specific for the same sites as the antibodies and mimicked their functions. The peptide insert, CHWMFSPWC, when displayed on the phages, completely inhibited Puumala virus infection in cell culture at the same effective concentration as the eluting antibody specific for envelope glycoprotein G2. The binding of the phage clones to the virus and inhibition of infection were not necessarily coincident; Pro-6 was critical for virus inhibition, while consensus residues Trp-2 and Phe-4 were essential for binding. The strategy described can be applied to any virus for production of molecules mimicking the effect of neutralizing antibodies.
Cardiac pacing based on intracardiac flow measurement (2005)

If the pacing lead were comprising the blood flow measurement device mounted on its body, the flow velocity measurement would be possible in the vicinity of the lead by means of the special electronic circuits connected to said device. If the flow measurement is done within the tricuspid valve, the waveform reveals the early rapid filling wave and the late atrial filling wave. After detection of the A-wave the implantable electrotherapy device could pace the ventricle synchronously with the atrial filling wave after certain delay. Pacemaker could also detect disappearance of the atrial wave in the case of atrial fibrillation and disappearance of the early filling wave in the case of ventricular arrhythmia. Time interval between the pacing spike and rapid early filling wave, diastolic filling wave duration, diastolic filling wave acceleration, peak filling velocities and diastolic filling fraction are rate responsive pacing sensors. Peak velocities ratio and integral ratio are parameters for ischemia detection. Heart failure may be detected as well. Ultrasonic Doppler is reference method of blood flow measurement. With adequate ultrasonic transducer and appropriately designed electronic circuits, it is possible to incorporate the Doppler ultrasonic measurement system within an implantable therapy device. Special lead conductor is necessary and impedance matching in order to optimize the parameters of the lead conductor transmission line. Electrochemical flow sensor's operation doesn't consume energy and employs much simpler electronic circuits. Unfortunately, fibrous tissue overgrowth degrades its sensitivity and influences its frequency characteristics. Standard electrode materials such as platinum require small dimensions of an electrode and consequent high input impedance of the sensor's measurement amplifier being therefore susceptible to the electromagnetic interference. Sensor capsule comprising integrated preamplifier and highly polarisable electrodes will simplify the design. Nevertheless, sensor calibration problem and its long-term stability will remain as a major problem.
Molecular assembly of alkyl chain-grafted poly(l-lysine) tuned by backbone chain length and grafted alkyl chain (2015)

Alkyl chain-grafted poly(<sc>l</sc>-lysine) vesicles with tunable molecular assembly were prepared by varying the polypeptide chain length and grafted alkyl chains.
How Voters Decide: A Longitudinal Study of Political Attitudes and Voting Extending over Fifteen Years (Revised and Updated) Hilde T. Himmelweit, Patrick Humphreys, and Marianne Jaeger Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1985, pp. xi, 283 - Britain at the Polls, 1983: A Study of the General ElectionAustin Ranney ed. DurhamThe American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1985, pp. xiv, 226 (1986)

How Voters Decide: A Longitudinal Study of Political Attitudes and Voting Extending over Fifteen Years (Revised and Updated) Hilde T. Himmelweit, Patrick Humphreys, and Marianne Jaeger Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1985, pp. xi, 283 - Britain at the Polls, 1983: A Study of the General ElectionAustin Ranney ed. DurhamThe American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1985, pp. xiv, 226 - Volume 19 Issue 1
A novel PSMA/GCPII‐deficient mouse model shows enlarged seminal vesicles upon aging (2018)

In this study, we provide the first evidence characterizing the reproductive tissue phenotype of PSMA/GCPII-deficient mice. These findings will help lay the groundwork for future studies to reveal PSMA/GCPII function in human reproduction.
Purification and Characterization of a Microsomal Bile Acid β-Glucosidase from Human Liver (1997)

A human liver microsomal beta-glucosidase has been purified to apparent homogeneity in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis where a single protein band of Mr 100,000 was obtained under reducing conditions. The enzyme was enriched about 73, 000-fold over starting microsomal membranes by polyethylene glycol fractionation, anion exchange chromatographies on DEAE-Trisacryl, and Mono Q followed by affinity chromatography on N-(9-carboxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin-AH-Sepharose 4B. The purified enzyme had a pH optimum between 5.0 and 6.4, was activated by divalent metal ions, and required phospholipids for exhibition of activity. The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of 3beta-D-glucosido-lithocholic and 3beta-D-glucosido-chenodeoxycholic acids with high affinity (Km, 1.7 and 6.2 microM, respectively) and of the beta-D-glucoside (Km, 210 microM) and the beta-D-galactoside of 4-methylumbelliferone. The ratio of relative reaction rates for these substrates was about 6:3:11:1. No activity was detectable toward 6beta-D-glucosido-hyodeoxycholic acid, glucocerebroside, and the following glycosides of 4-methylumbelliferone: alpha-D-glucoside, alpha-L-arabinoside, beta-D-fucoside or beta-D-xyloside. Immunoinhibition and immunoprecipitation studies using antibodies prepared against lysosomal glucocerebrosidase showed no cross-reactivity with microsomal beta-glucosidase suggesting that these two enzymes are antigenically unrelated.
Multifunctional Injectable Hydrogel Dressings for Effectively Accelerating Wound Healing: Enhancing Biomineralization Strategy (2021)

Abstract Bacterial infection can cause chronic nonhealing wounds, which may be a great threat to public health. It is highly desirable to develop an injectable wound dressing hydrogel with multifunctions including self‐healing, remodeling, antibacterial, radical scavenging ability, and excellent photothermal properties to promote the regeneration of damaged tissues in clinical practice. In this work, dopamine‐modified gelatin (Gel‐DA) is employed for the first time as a biotemplate for enhancing the biomineralization ability of gelatin to synthesize dopamine‐modified gelatin@Ag nanoparticles (Gel‐DA@Ag NPs). Further, the prepared Gel‐DA@Ag NPs with antioxidant activity and near‐infrared (NIR) laser irradiation synergistic antibacterial behavior are fixed in the guar gum based hydrogels through the formation of borate/didiol bonds to possess remolding, injectable, and self‐healing performance. In addition, the multifunctional hydrogels can completely cover the irregular wound shape to prevent secondary injury. More importantly, these hydrogel platforms under NIR can significantly accelerate wound healing with more skin appendages like hair follicles and blood vessels appearing. Therefore, it is expected that these hydrogels can serve as competitive multifunctional dressings in biomedical field, including bacteria‐derived wound infection and other tissue repair related to reactive oxygen species overexpression.
A hyperphosphorylated form of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II is associated with splicing complexes and the nuclear matrix. (1996)

A hyperphosphorylated form of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (pol IIo) is associated with the pre-mRNA splicing process. Pol IIo was detected in association with a subset of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle and Ser-Arg protein splicing factors and also with pre-mRNA splicing complexes assembled in vitro. A subpopulation of pol IIo was localized to nuclear "speckle" domains enriched in splicing factors, indicating that it may also be associated with RNA processing in vivo. Moreover, pol IIo was retained in a similar pattern following in situ extraction of cells and was quantitatively recovered in the nuclear matrix fraction. The results implicate nuclear matrix-associated hyperphosphorylated pol IIo as a possible link in the coordination of transcription and splicing processes.
Information, image, réalité virtuelle et réalité. Nouvelles formes de transmission du patrimoine (2001)

This article tells the history of the interaction between a scientific program and the use of digital technologies for handling and distributing archaeological information. We try to show, using an anthropological and epistemological approach, how archaeological work is modified by the introduction of digital technologies and the change in dynamics that this introduction causes to our scientific program. We also analyse the theoretical-ideological formation and the ethical problems arising from this interaction.
A Punctuation Primer (2001)

This article provides a quick review of punctuation including: commas, apostrophes, hyphens, quotation marks, and the paragraph.
Line Contact Deformation: A Cylinder Between Two Flat Plates (1981)

Various line contact deformation equations used in roller bearing technology are analyzed. Many of these deformation equations, primarily involving plane strain, are shown to be special cases of a general equation derived in this paper. Experimental results are also presented to support the results of the analytical work.
A Graph-Based Method for Analyzing Electronic Medical Records (2015)

The recent years have seen a surge in the implementation of electronic health care records. These patient records contain valuable medical information including patient information, diagnosis, treatment methods, and eventual patient outcomes. It is important to analyze patterns within these records in order to more efficiently treat individuals. In this paper, we present a method for automatically discovering underlying themes and patterns within patient data. Our methodology includes the creation of the main themes or patterns in the data and linking the themes back to the corpus from which they were generated. In our research, we partitioned graphs from terms gathered from electronic health records. Modularity was used as the quality function, which strives to measure how well a given partition of a network compartmentalizes its communities. We have compared our method with probabilistic topic modeling algorithms, specifically LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). Finally, recall and precision measures were used to evaluate the validity of our final results.
Practical Aspects of False Alarm Control for Change Point Detection: Beyond Average Run Length (2018)

A popular method for detecting changes in the probability distribution of a sequence of observations is CUSUM, which proceeds by sequentially evaluating a log-likelihood ratio test statistic and comparing it to a predefined threshold; a change point is detected as soon as the threshold is exceeded. It is desirable to choose the threshold such that the number of false alarms is kept to a specified level. Traditionally, the number of false alarms is measured by the average run length – the expected stopping time until the first false alarm. However, this is does not in general allow one to control the number of false alarms at every particular time instance. Thus, in this paper two stronger false alarm criteria are considered, for which approximation methods are investigated to facilitate the selection of a threshold.
Gamma-ray identification of nuclear weapon materials (1997)

There has been an accelerating national interest in countering nuclear smuggling. This has caused a corresponding expansion of interest in the use of gamma-ray spectrometers for checkpoint monitoring, nuclear search, and within networks of nuclear and collateral sensors. All of these are fieldable instruments--ranging from large, fixed portal monitors to hand-held and remote monitoring equipment. For operational reasons, detectors with widely varying energy resolution and detection efficiency will be employed. In many instances, such instruments must be sensitive to weak signals, always capable of recognizing the gamma-ray signatures from nuclear weapons materials (NWM), often largely insensitive to spectral alteration by radiation transport through intervening materials, capable of real-time implementation, and able to discriminate against signals from commonly encountered legitimate gamma-ray sources, such as radiopharmaceuticals. Several decades of experience in classified programs have shown that all of these properties are not easily achieved and successful approaches were of limited scope--such as the detection of plutonium only. This project was originally planned as a two-year LDRD-ER. Since funding for 1997 was not sustained, this is a report of the first year's progress.
ChemInform Abstract: ELEKTROPHILE SUBSTITUTIONEN AM 2H‐1,4‐BENZOXAZINON‐(3), ACYLIERUNG UND CHLORSULFONIERUNG (1970)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (I) wird nach Friede1‐Crafts mit Acet‐, Succin‐, Maleinund Phthalanhydrid selektiv in 6‐Stellung zu den Derivaten (II) (56‐80% Ausbeute) acyliert.