gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-efficiency transduction and specific expression of ChR2opt for optogenetic manipulation of primary cortical neurons mediated by recombinant adeno-associated viruses (2016)

In recent years, optogenetic approaches have significantly advanced the experimental repertoire of cellular and functional neuroscience. Yet, precise and reliable methods for specific expression of optogenetic tools remain challenging. In this work, we studied the transduction efficiency of seven different adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes in primary cortical neurons and revealed recombinant (r) AAV6 to be the most efficient for constructs under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. To further specify expression of the transgene, we exchanged the CMV promoter for the human synapsin (hSyn) promoter. In primary cortical-glial mixed cultures transduced with hSyn promoter-containing rAAVs, expression of ChR2opt (a Channelrhodopsin-2 variant) was limited to neurons. In these neurons action potentials could be reliably elicited upon laser stimulation (473nm). The use of rAAV serotype alone to restrict expression to neurons results in a lower transduction efficiency than the use of a broader transducing serotype with specificity conferred via a restrictive promoter. Cells transduced with the hSyn driven gene expression were able to elicit action potentials with more spatially and temporally accurate illumination than neurons electrofected with the CMV driven construct. The hSyn promoter is particularly suited to use in AAVs due to its small size. These results demonstrate that rAAVs are versatile tools to mediate specific and efficient transduction as well as functional and stable expression of transgenes in primary cortical neurons.
Isoflurane Increases the Apparent Agonist Affinity of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Reducing the Microscopic Agonist Dissociation Constant (2000)

Isoflurane increases the apparent agonist affinity of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor primarily by reducing the agonist dissociation constant of the site responsible for channel opening rather than altering channel gating kinetics.
Case study of a dimmable outdoor lighting system with intelligent management and remote control (2012)

The following paper introduces the experimental development of an energy-efficient, intelligent outdoor lighting management and monitoring system with remote control. The data communication system is based on wireless personal area networks that support IP technology for connecting all nodes and network entities with a sink node which is the gateway to the remote management and monitoring service. The proposed system maintains lighting at a low level until vehicle or pedestrian motion is detected by a set of proximity sensors. In this case, the level of lighting is increased in order to provide better visibility while the area is occupied and dims to a lower level when the area is clear again. At the same time, data regarding lamp parameters like status and operation dimming level are transferred to the management system via a bidirectional channel that may receive feedback based on a certain system operation profile. The system can be easily installed over street lighting systems that use old and inefficient technologies without major cost thus, lowering energy consumption. The technologies used can make it part of a larger IP network following the concept of “internet of things” which may support smart road applications. Some aspects of the wireless communication system and experimental measurements are presented and discussed.
Canadian Society of Surgical Oncology Annual General MeetingUrinary metabolomics of gastric cancerSentinel lymph node biopsy in thin melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysisPreoperative neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio is a better prognostic serum biomarker than platelet:lymphocyte ratio in patients undergoing resection for nonmetastatic colorectal cancerPatient decision-making in palliative surgeryHospital readmission after surgery for gastric cancer: frequency, timing, etiologies and survivalClinical features and outcomes of 20 patients with desmoplastic small round cell tumourBiliary drainage procedures for palliation of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomaLong-term outcomes following level-3 axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancerAdverse events related to lymph node dissection for cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysisCollaborative case conferences in rectal cancer: case series in a tertiary care centre (2015)

# Urinary metabolomics of gastric cancer {#article-title-2} Gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) has 70%–75% mortality owing to delayed diagnosis. There is no standard screening in North America. Metabolomics measures low molecular weight chemicals (metabolites) in body fluids/tissues to provide a
[Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in adults. Description of a case]. (1990)

The authors report the clinical history of a 56-year-old man with cardiomyopathy due to undiagnosed hypocalcemia. Heart dilation and hypokinesia were assessed by echocardiography. Cardiac failure was refractory to digitalis preparations and to diuretics. The restoration of serum calcium to normal levels obtained with adequate therapy dramatically improved the motion of ventricular walls and decreased the size of the left ventricle. The pathogenetic mechanisms of hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy are discussed and the importance of considering the possibility of hypocalcemia when dealing with the differential diagnosis of cardiomyopathies is underlined. In the presence of hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy, the correction of calcium deficiency with calcitriol is the treatment of choice.
Development and calibration of the FSPM CPlantBox to represent the interactions between water and carbon fluxes in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (2023)

Abstract A plant’s development is strongly linked to the water and carbon flows in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Expected climate shifts will alter the water and carbon cycles and will affect plant phenotypes. Comprehensive models which simulate mechanistically and dynamically the feedback loops between a plant’s three-dimensional development and the water and carbon flows are useful tools to evaluate the sustainability of genotype-environment-management combinations which do not yet exist. In this study, we present the latest version of the open-source three-dimensional Functional-Structural Plant Model CPlantBox with PiafMunch and DuMu x coupling. We simulated semi-mechanistically the development of generic C3 monocots from 10 to 25 days after sowing and undergoing an atmospheric dry spell of one week (no precipitation). We compared the results for dry spells starting on different days (day 11 or 18) and with different climates (wetter and colder against drier and warmer atmospheric and initial soil conditions). Compared with the wetter and colder climate, the dry spell with the drier and warmer climate led to a lower instantaneous water use efficiency. Moreover, the lower symplasm turgor for the drier and warmer climate limited the growth, which made the sucrose available for other processes, such as maintenance respiration. Both of these effects were stronger for the later dry spell compared with the early dry spell under the drier and warmer climate. We could thus use CPlantBox to simulate diverging emerging processes (like carbon partitioning) defining the plants’ phenotypic plasticity response to their environment.
Fast Robust Tracking of Curvy Partially Occluded Roads in Clutter in Aerial Images (1997)

A heretofore unsolved challenge is the completely automatic and accurate estimation of road boundaries in aerial images when the roads may be partially or completely locally occluded and clutter may be prevalent. In this paper we introduce a roadfinder that is effective in meeting this challenge. The roadfinder begins with one or more seeds on each long road, and then accurately estimates the remaining boundaries, which can be found completely automatically by the algorithm described in [M.Barzohar and D.B.Cooper, 1996]. The algorithm is robust to missing boundary edges on one side of the road and on both sides of the road simultaneously. (These arise from shadows and occlusion by trees, poles, small structures, etc.) It is also robust to clutter within the road caused by cars or trucks, and to clutter resulting from intersecting or close parallel roads. The algorithm is based on simple clutter and occlusion models and a combined multihypothesis generalized Kalman Filter.
Germanium MOS transistors on sapphire and alumina platforms (2009)

A low temperature process has been established for the manufacture of self-aligned W gate germanium MOS transistors. Hole carrier mobility in the range 500 - 650 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> has been achieved. Sub threshold slope, threshold voltage and carrier mobility have been characterised as a function of temperature. The technology has been successfully transferred to both germanium on sapphire and germanium on alumina substrates providing an ideal platform technology for system on a chip.
Evaluation of the characteristic impedance of microstrip interconnect lines on printed-circuit-boards (2009)

Available numerical methods for the characterization of microstrip lines involve extensive computations. The question that rises is which method should be used for a particular case. We propose to evaluate the results given by these formulas. The geometrical parameters of the microstrip structure are chosen in the commonly used range for PCBs. The purpose is to find out if well worth the effort to significantly increase the computational complexity to determine the characteristic impedance. For this, we have applied all the formulas for the same set of parameters, and we have analyzed the results by comparing them with the ones given by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation.
A Short-Term Throughput Measure for Communications with ARQ Protocols (2011)

6 S.
Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces amorphes d'oxysulfures de titane utilisables comme électrode positive dans des microgénérateurs au lithium (1990)

Des couches minces d'oxysulfures de titane amorphes ont ete preparees par pulverisation cathodique radiofrequence. Ces materiaux originaux ont ete caracterises par spectroscopie auger, sims, rbs et microsonde electronique; la composition et la repartition des differents elements dans les couches ont ainsi ete precisees. La determination de l'environnement et des nombres d'oxydation des differents elements mis en jeu dans les processus d'oxydo-reduction a ete faite par xps. Ces oxysulfures de titane ont ete utilises sous forme de couches minces comme materiau d'electrode positive dans des microgenerateurs rechargeables fonctionnant a temperature ambiante. Ils utilisent un electrolyte vitreux et du lithium comme electrode negative respectivement deposes en couches minces par pulverisation cathodique et evaporation. Les caracteristiques electrochimiques des microgenerateurs ont ete determinees. Un grand nombre de cycles decharge-charge a ete obtenu
Renocortin: a phospholipase A2 inhibitory protein induced by anti-inflammatory steroids: pharmacological and biological properties, development of monoclonal antibodies (1984)

In 1979, we first reported that in order to inhibit prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, anti-inflammatory steroids required glucocorticoid receptor occupancy, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and new protein synthesis (Russo-Marie et al., 1979). As it had been previously demonstrated that steroids were inhibiting PG synthesis by inhibiting the release of arachidonic acid from their membrane phospholipid stores, probably by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the phospholipid deacylation (Gryglewski et al., 1975; Hong & Levine, 1976), we advanced the hypothesis that this induced protein was able to inhibit phospholipase A2. In the meantime, Flower & Black-well (1979) reported also that anti-inflammatory steroids induced the biosynthesis of a phospholipase A2 inhibitor which prevents prostaglandin generation. In the model they used, they were able to demonstrate that the protein was not only induced but was also released by the cell which had been synthesizing it.
Assessment of functional effects of unclassified genetic variants (2008)

Inherited predisposition to disease is often linked to reduced activity of a disease associated gene product. Thus, quantitation of the influence of inherited variants on gene function can potentially be used to predict the disease relevance of these variants. While many disease genes have been extensively characterized at the functional level, few assays based on functional properties of the encoded proteins have been established for the purpose of predicting the contribution of rare inherited variants to disease. Much of the difficulty in establishing predictive functional assays stems from the technical complexity of the assays. However, perhaps the most challenging aspect of functional assay development for clinical testing purposes is the absolute requirement for validation of the sensitivity and specificity of the assays and the determination of positive predictive values (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs) of the assays relative to a "gold standard" measure of disease predisposition. In this commentary, we provide examples of some of the functional assays under development for several cancer predisposition genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, and mismatch repair [MMR] genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) and present a detailed review of the issues associated with functional assay development. We conclude that validation is paramount for all assays that will be used for clinical interpretation of inherited variants of any gene, but note that in certain circumstances information derived from incompletely validated assays may be valuable for classification of variants for clinical purposes when used to supplement data derived from other sources.
The Activity of Glucosyltransferase Adsorbed onto Saliva-coated Hydroxyapatite (1988)

This study aimed to determine physical and kinetic properties of glucosyltransferase (GTF) adsorbed onto hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces. For development of a solid-phase enzyme assay, 4.0-mg samples of washed HA powder were exposed to centrifuged whole saliva (WSHA) or buffer, and subsequently exposed to a GTF solution. The activities of GTF adsorbed to HA and that remaining in solution were measured. WSHA was more effective in adsorbing GTF than was naked HA. Enzyme activity on the surface of WSHA was enhanced; more activity was detected on WSHA than was apparently removed from solution. A similar effect was observed when GTF was adsorbed to naked HA from a mixture with lysozyme or saliva; however, no enhancement was seen when GTF was adsorbed from a mixture with albumin. Compared with GTF in solution, adsorbed GTF displayed activity over a much wider range of pH values. Temperature-activity profiles indicated that GTF adsorbed to surfaces had a lower temperature optimum (40 degrees C) than did soluble enzyme (45 degrees C), and that the bound enzyme was more resistant to adverse effects of heat at elevated temperatures. The majority of glucan made by GTF adsorbed to parotid saliva-coated HA remained attached to the surface. The activity of lysozyme adsorbed to HA was reduced by adsorption of GTF to the same surface and was almost completely abolished by formation of glucans by the adsorbed GTF. These results suggest that soluble bacterial enzymes found in saliva can be incorporated into pellicle, interact with host-derived molecules on the surfaces of teeth, express enzymatic activity, and potentially influence the biological properties of pellicle.
Les maladies neurodégénératives : le défi des neurosciences: Les cahiers de l’ANR - n° 13 (2020)

LES « CAHIERS DE L’ANR » traitent de questions thématiques transverses aux différents appels à projets financés par l’ANR. Cette collection, qui existe depuis 2009, met en perspective les recherches, les innovations et les avancées technologiques en cours dans un domaine spécifique.Sans prétention d’exhaustivité, son objectif est de revenir sur les enjeux sociétaux et les défis d’avenir identifiés par les communautés de recherche mobilisées sur une thématique.
Part 2: Hepatitis B infection and human behavior (1982)

(1982). Part 2: Hepatitis B infection and human behavior. Medical Anthropology: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 11-19.
An adaptive Reinforcement Learning based Bat Algorithm for structural design problems (2018)

A reinforcement learning-based bat algorithm is proposed for solving structural design problems. By incorporating reinforcement learning, the algorithm's performance feedback is formulated to adaptively select between algorithm's different operators. To improve the solution diversity, a new metric of individual difference is designed. The individual difference-based strategies are proposed to adaptively tune the algorithm's parameters. The variations of the pulse rates and loudness are newly designed to formulate their effects on the local search and foraging efficiency. Simulations and comparisons based on ten structural design problems with continuous/discrete variables demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Osteochondral Talar Allograft for Large Osteochondral Defects: Technique Tip (2011)

Level of Evidence: V, Expert Opinion
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Alkyl (Z)‐2‐[(E)‐2‐Cyano‐2‐(2‐pyridinyl)ethenyl] amino‐3‐dimethylaminopropenoates with C‐ and N‐Nucleophiles. The Synthesis of Fused 2H,5H‐Pyran‐2,5‐diones, 4H‐Pyrimidin‐4‐ones, and 1‐Heteroaryl‐1H‐imidazole‐4‐carboxylates. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A determination method of worst case MOSFET model parameter using multivariate analysis (2002)

The variance of the basic circuit performance can be expressed as a linear combination of several process-oriented parameters. Therefore, we can easily estimate the variance of circuit performance with several process-oriented parameters and this technique can reduce the generation time of MOSFET model parameter sets because the parameter sets are directly and uniformly determined by the basic circuit performance values without simulation.
Synaptic Devices Based on 3-D AND Flash Memory Architecture for Neuromorphic Computing (2019)

A new 3-D synaptic device with stackable AND-type Rounded Dual Channel (RDC) flash memory architecture is proposed for neuromorphic computing. The RDC flash devices operate at low power by using the FN program/erase method, utilizes a high speed by a parallel read operation, and performs in a high density with multi-layer stacking. Key fabrication steps are explained and the successful operation of the device in 3-D stacked structure is verified by device simulation. In addition, devices are fabricated by stacking three layers, and their operation is confirmed.
5‐HT4 Receptors: Gene, Transduction and Effects on Olfactory Memory (1998)

In this paper we discuss 1) the primary structures, pharmacology, and brain distribution of cloned 5-HT4 receptors; 2) the chromosomal localization of the h5-HT4 receptor; 3) whether benzamides are full or partial agonists because of a species or a coupling difference; 4) the intrinsic activity of 5-HT4 receptors and inverse agonism of GR125487 in COS-7 cells but not in colliculi neurons; 5) the modulation of 5-HT4 receptor binding and activity; and 6) the long-term blockade of K+ channels by 5-HT4 agonists and its effect on olfactory memory. We conclude that 1) the cloning of 5-HT4 receptors in different species using RT-PCR from different tissues reveals the presence of several splice variants for 5-HT4 receptors differing in the C-terminal part, downstream from the amino acid L358; 2) the pharmacological properties of 5-HT4 receptors are dependent on the cellular context in which they are expressed; and 3) 5-HT4 agonists can be added to the list of compounds having pro-cognitive properties.
Second-generation octarellins: two new de novo (β/α)8 polypeptides designed for investigating the influence of β-residue packing on the α/β-barrel structure stability (1995)

The sequence of octarellin I, the first de novo (beta/alpha)8 polypeptide, was revised according to several criteria, among others the symmetry of the sequence, beta-residue volume and hydrophobicity, and charge distribution. These considerations and the overall conclusions drawn from the first design led to two new sequences, corresponding to octarellins II and III. Octarellin II retains perfect 8-fold symmetry. Octarellin III has the same sequence as octarellin II, except for the beta-strands which exhibit a 4-fold symmetry. The two proteins were produced in Escherichia coli. Infrared and CD spectral analyses of octarellins II and III reveal a high secondary structure content. Non-denaturing gel electrophoresis, molecular sieve chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation suggest that both of these second-generation artificial polypeptides exist as a mixture of a monomer and a dimer form. Octarellins II and III are at least 10 times more soluble than octarellin I. Urea-induced unfolding followed by fluorescence emission suggests that the tryptophan residues, designed to be buried in the (beta/alpha)8, are indeed packed in the hydrophobic core of both proteins. However, octarellin III displays a higher stability towards urea denaturation, indicating that introducing 4-fold symmetry into the beta-barrel might be important for stability of the overall folding.
Investigation of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering for the Generation of Millimeter Waves for Radio over Fiber System (2008)

Radio over fiber (RoF) is a promising technique in providing broadband wireless access services in the emerging optical-wireless networks. Optical millimeter-wave (mm-wave) generation is a key technique to realize low cost and high transmission performance in the RoF systems. Several techniques have been proposed for the optical generation of mm-waves such as direct modulation, external modulation, optical heterodyning and so on. However, in this work we proposed and investigate an alternative to above mention methods, which is based on stimulated brillouin scattering (SBS) in an optical fiber. SBS technique was designed and modeled by performing CW laser in a single mode optical fiber (SMF) through optical Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) with two pump lasers for amplification purposes. The analysis was done by determination of the power depletion of generated stokes caused by the combined effect of dispersion, fiber attenuation and nonlinear fiber effects; i.e. self-phase modulation (SPM) and SBS. SBS performance with the optical fiber loop length up to 100 km was analyzed. It has been shown that SBS power is depends on the fiber loop length which is higher and lower at certain length due to natural properties of the fiber. The design shown the RF generation was achieved at 40 GHz.
Intergeneric protoplast fusion between Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride. (1988)

Recently, intra-and interspecific protoplast fusion have been carried out in various filamentous fungi in order to obtain heterokaryons, heterodiploids and recombinants. On the other hand, intergeneric protoplast fusion has been carried out between Cephalosporium acremoniumand Penicillium chrysogenum^C. acremonium and Emericellopsis glabra,2) and Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus javanicus.3) In crosses between C. acremonium and E.