gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of the immune system in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and the therapeutic modulation of autoimmune reaction by tolerogenic dendritic cells (2019)

Immunotherapy based on dendritic cells (DCs) was first tested in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer in the 1990s. Currently, the ability of DCs to modulate immune responses is also being tested in several clinical studies focusing on autoimmune disease treatment with the aim of suppressing the overactivated immune system and restoring immune tolerance. For this purpose, so-called tolerogenic DCs with considerable suppressive potential are used. Tolerogenic DCs can be generated ex vivo from monocytes using pharmacological agents, which in DCs induce a regulatory phenotype with low expression of activation markers, high expression of inhibitory markers and secretion of suppressive cytokines. In the first part of this study, we show that cultivation of human blood monocytes in the presence of glucocorticoid dexamethasone and 19- nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (paricalcitol) enables ex vivo generation of tolerogenic DCs with a highly stable suppressive phenotype characterized by upregulated IL-10 production, inhibitory IL- T3 and PD-L1 molecule expression, the low stimulatory capacity and the ability to induce regulatory T cell development. Moreover, we show that metabolic changes and signaling through NF-κB, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 molecules and the mTOR/STAT3 pathway play an important role in the...
A Near‐infrared Fluorescent Probe for Selective Simultaneous Detection of Fe2+ and Cl− in Living Cells (2012)

Abstract A naked‐eyed chromo‐near infrared fluorescent probe for simultaneous detection of Fe 2+ and Cl − has been developed, based on photoinduced electron transfer mechanism (PET). The fluorophore is cyanine (Cy‐SO 3 − ) and the Fe 2+ receptor is 4′‐(aminomethylphenyl)‐2,2′,6′,2′′‐terpyridine (Tpy). The probe responds linearly and rapidly to [Fe 2+ ] and [Cl − ] variations under physiological conditions and exhibits high sensitivity, good photostability, and excellent cell membrane permeability. The real‐time imaging of cellular Fe 2+ was achieved successfully in living HL‐7702, HepG2, and RAW264.7 cell lines.
Simple BERT Models for Relation Extraction and Semantic Role Labeling (2019)

We present simple BERT-based models for relation extraction and semantic role labeling. In recent years, state-of-the-art performance has been achieved using neural models by incorporating lexical and syntactic features such as part-of-speech tags and dependency trees. In this paper, extensive experiments on datasets for these two tasks show that without using any external features, a simple BERT-based model can achieve state-of-the-art performance. To our knowledge, we are the first to successfully apply BERT in this manner. Our models provide strong baselines for future research.
Gas-phase spin relaxation ofXe129 (2008)

We have completed an extensive study of $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ longitudinal spin relaxation in the gas phase, involving both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. The dominant intrinsic relaxation is mediated by the formation of persistent ${\mathrm{Xe}}_{2}$ van der Waals dimers. The dependence of this relaxation on applied magnetic field yields the relative contributions of the spin-rotation and chemical-shift-anisotropy interactions; the former dominates at magnetic fields below a few tesla. This relaxation also shows an inverse quadratic dependence on temperature $T$; the maximum low-field intrinsic relaxation for pure xenon at room temperature (measured here to be $4.6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}$, in agreement with previous work) increases by $\ensuremath{\approx}60%$ for $T=100\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$. The dominant extrinsic relaxation is mediated by collisions with the walls of the glass container. Wall relaxation was studied in silicone-coated alkali-metal-free cells, which showed long (many hours or more) and robust relaxation times, even at the low magnetic fields typical for spin-exchange optical pumping $(\ensuremath{\approx}3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mT})$. The further suppression of wall relaxation for magnetic fields above a few tesla is consistent with the interaction of $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ with paramagnetic spins on or inside the surface coating. At $14.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}$ and sufficiently low xenon density, we measured a relaxation time ${T}_{1}=99\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}$, with an inferred wall-relaxation time of $174\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}$. A prototype large storage cell ($12\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{cm}$ diameter) was constructed to take advantage of the apparent increase in wall-relaxation time for cells with a smaller surface-to-volume ratio. The measured relaxation time in this cell at $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mT}$ and $100\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ was $5.75\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}$. Such a cell (or one even larger) could be used to store many liters of hyperpolarized $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ produced by a flow-through polarizer and accumulator for up to three times longer than currently implemented schemes involving freezing xenon in liquid nitrogen.
Corrosion Modeling Within an Integrated Corrosion Prediction Approach (2009)

Abstract This paper describes an integrated approach, based on corrosion modeling and laboratory testing, to optimize the use of carbon steel in corrosive service for applications such as downhole tubulars, pipelines, and facilities. This approach presents economic advantages, such as reducing the use of expensive corrosion resistant alloys, while ensuring the operational integrity of equipment and facilities. A key part of this integrated approach is to apply reliable corrosion models underpinned with laboratory data. To be most effective, the models should account for the relevant chemistry and physics of the corrosion process, including the effects of detailed water chemistry, liquid hydrocarbons, and the degree of protection from iron carbonate or iron sulfide scales. Ideally, models should account for variations in conditions and flow characteristics along the length of a wellbore or pipeline. Case studies are presented that demonstrate how corrosion modeling in conjunction with laboratory testing may be used to the selection of validate carbon steel for challenging applications. Introduction Although high cost corrosion resistance alloys (CRAs) were developed to resist internal corrosion, carbon steel is still the most cost effective material used in oil and gas production. It is very important to develop an integrated corrosion prediction approach for optimizing the use of carbon steel in corrosive service while ensuring the operational integrity of equipment and facilities. Both corrosion models and laboratory testing are frequently used in this industry to make lifetime predictions of facilities using carbon steel and further to make decisions on materials selection. Corrosion models, including empirical, semi-empirical, and mechanistic ones, have been developed over the past several decades to predict corrosion of carbon steel 1–6. These corrosion models can provide engineers quick and economical corrosion predictions. Most of the models were validated by laboratory data and/or field data. Empirical and semi-empirical models usually provide reasonable predictions inside of their validation range but poor predictions outside of their range. Mechanistic models generally can extrapolate to conditions outside of their validation range and remain accurate to a certain degree. Consequently, one should always understand the validation range and limitations of the models to apply these correctly. Moreover, although part of corrosion mechanisms are well understood in lab investigations, due to the complexity in production operations, it is still challenging to apply lab short-term testing results and corrosion models to predict corrosion of facilities for twenty to thirty years of service. An integrated approach was therefore developed by ExxonMobil1 to apply a reliable corrosion model in conjunction with laboratory testing for predicting corrosion in oil and gas production.
Imaging of scatterers using canonical correlations (2011)

There is much interest in the application of subspace based signal processing techniques for wavefield imaging of scatterers from the scattering matrix. These approaches are part of the modern focus on so called "qualitative" methods in inverse scattering. Most of these methods are valid in the exact scattering regime including multiple scattering in which the inverse scattering problem is nonlinear.
Multifocal occurrence of gastric carcinoma in patients with a family history of gastric carcinoma (1998)

In this study, a family history of gastric carcinoma was found to be clearly associated with the multifocal occurrence of gastric carcinoma; however, no significant correlation between the multifocal occurrence of gastric carcinoma in these patients and their smoking and drinking habits was recognized.
A Methodology for Determining Standard of Care Status for a New Surgical Procedure (2015)

Hand transplantation is moving from acceptance as an ethical surgical experiment to the standard of care.
Cisplatin Intrastrand Adducts Sensitize DNA to Base Damage by Hydrated Electrons (2014)

The oligonucleotide TTTTTGTGTTT with or without a cisplatin adduct was reacted with hydrated electrons generated by ionizing radiation. Hydroxyl radicals were quenched with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and the solutions were bubbled with wet nitrogen to eliminate oxygen, a scavenger of hydrated electrons. Prior to irradiation, the structure of the initial cisplatin adduct was identified by mass spectrometry as G-cisplatin-G. Radiation damage to DNA bases was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after enzymatic digestion of the TTTTTGTGTTT-cisplatin complex to deoxyribonucleosides. The masses of the platinum adducts following digestion and separation by HPLC were measured by mass spectrometry. Our results demonstrate that hydrated electrons induce damage to thymines as well as detachment of the cisplatin moiety from both guanines in the oligonucleotide. This detachment regenerates both unmodified guanine and damaged guanine, in equimolar amounts. At 1000 Gy, a net average of 2.5 thymines and 1 guanine are damaged for each platinum lost from the oligonucleotide. Given the extensive base damage that occurs for each cisplatin adduct lost, it is clear that, prior to undergoing detachment, these adducts must catalyze several cycles of reactions of hydrated electrons with DNA bases. It is likely that a single reaction leads to the loss of the cisplatin adduct and the damage observed on the guanine base; however, the damage to the thymine bases must require the continued presence of the cisplatin adduct, acting as a catalyst. To our knowledge, this is the first time that platinum-DNA adducts have been shown to have catalytic activity. We propose two pathways for the interaction of hydrated electrons with TTTTTGTGTTT-cisplatin: (1) the hydrated electron is initially captured by a thymine base and transferred by base to base electron hopping to the guanine site, where the cisplatin moiety detaches from the oligonucleotide via dissociative electron attachment, and (2) the hydrated electron interacts directly with the platinum-guanine adduct and induces detachment of the cisplatin moiety via dissociative electron attachment. Although the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated, our results provide important insights into the radiosensitization of DNA by cisplatin.
Electrically Conductive and 3D‐Printable Oxidized Alginate‐Gelatin Polypyrrole:PSS Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering (2021)

Electroactive hydrogels can be used to influence cell response and maturation by electrical stimulation. However, hydrogel formulations which are 3D printable, electroactive, cytocompatible, and allow cell adhesion, remain a challenge in the design of such stimuli-responsive biomaterials for tissue engineering. Here, a combination of pyrrole with a high gelatin-content oxidized alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) hydrogel is reported, offering 3D-printability of hydrogel precursors to prepare cytocompatible and electrically conductive hydrogel scaffolds. By oxidation of pyrrole, electroactive polypyrrole:polystyrenesulfonate (PPy:PSS) is synthesized inside the ADA-GEL matrix. The hydrogels are assessed regarding their electrical/mechanical properties, 3D-printability, and cytocompatibility. It is possible to prepare open-porous scaffolds via bioplotting which are electrically conductive and have a higher cell seeding efficiency in scaffold depth in comparison to flat 2D hydrogels, which is confirmed via multiphoton fluorescence microscopy. The formation of an interpenetrating polypyrrole matrix in the hydrogel matrix increases the conductivity and stiffness of the hydrogels, maintaining the capacity of the gels to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. The results demonstrate that a 3D-printable ADA-GEL can be rendered conductive (ADA-GEL-PPy:PSS), and that such hydrogel formulations have promise for cell therapies, in vitro cell culture, and electrical-stimulation assisted tissue engineering.
Formation of Epitaxial Pb(Zr, Ti)O<sub>3</sub> Film by CVD (1991)

Pbx(Zry, Ti1-y)O3 films were prepared by CVD using Pb(DPM)2, Zr(O⋅t-Bu)4, Ti(O⋅i-Pr)4, and O2 as starting materials. Metal alkoxide was selected for both Ti and Zr starting materials, which were effective for controlling Ti and Zr contents in the films. PZT films with the composition, x=ca.1.0 and y=ca. 0.5, were grown reproducibly with almost complete epitaxy on (100) MgO substrates. Deposition rate of film was about 200-300nm/min.
Interaction of the bisbiguanides chlorhexidine and alexidine with phospholipid vesicles: evidence for separate modes of action (1989)

Strains of Providencia stuartii with demonstrated resistance towards chlorhexidine did not show such resistance towards either of the related biguanide antiseptics, alexidine or vantocil. Alexidine promoted a significantly faster alteration in the permeability of Escherichia coli cell membranes towards various metal cations than chlorhexidine. Differential thermal analysis of various mixed lipid vesicles and pure phospholipid vesicles showed alexidine to share with vantocil the property of producing lipid phase separation and domain formation. It is suggested that the nature of the end-group on the biguanides affects the ability to produce lipid domains in cell membranes and this this might, in turn, affect activity and resistance patterns observed.
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogues as an add-on to insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (2018)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of adding GLP‐1 analogues to insulin for treatment of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Phosphorylation of Myeloid‐Related Proteins MRP‐14 and MRP‐8 During Human Neutrophil Activation (1996)

The myeloid-related proteins MRP-14 and MRP-8 and also p6, three calcium-binding proteins of the S100 family, translocate to the membrane during human neutrophil activation with stimuli known to require extracellular calcium for activity. When phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, an extracellular calcium-independent stimulus) is used, no translocation is observed. To characterize further the mechanisms involved in their translocation, phosphorylation of these proteins was studied. Three isoforms of MRP-14 were markedly phosphorylated in the membrane and in the cytosol upon activation with extracellular calcium-dependent stimuli, such as opsonized zymosan, the calcium ionophore A23187, N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine in the presence of cytochalasin B and arachidonic acid, or upon extracellular calcium-independent stimulation (PMA). In no case were p6 and a fourth, more basic isoform of MRP-14, phosphorylated. In PMA-activated cells, a phosphorylated acidic isoform of MRP-8 was detected in the cytosol only. However, phosphorylated MRP-8 represented only a small fraction of total MRP-8. Cgp 41251, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), completely inhibited the phosphorylation of MRP-8, and decreased cytosolic MRP-14 phosphorylation. To test whether phosphorylated MRP-8 could translocate, A23187, which induces translocation of the three S100 proteins, was added after PMA activation. This resulted in translocation of 18% +/- 5% of phosphorylated MRP-14 and 19% +/- 1% of only nonphosphorylated MRP-8. However, upon inhibition of PKC, translocation of MRP-14 and MRP-8 was increased up to 38% +/- 7% and 34% +/- 3% respectively. This suggests a putative role of phosphorylation and/or of PKC in the modulation of MRP-14 and MRP-8 translocation to the membrane.
Evaluation of gas permeation barrier properties using electrical measurements of calcium degradation (2007)

In this work, we developed a thin calcium degradation method introducing sensitive electrical resistance monitoring. We have demonstrated structural models of the inorganic/organic thin films to evaluate barrier properties against water and oxygen permeation. The time-dependent transmission curve of a multibarrier coated on both sides of the polyethersulfone substrate had a linear slope which was measured as 5.17 x 10(-3) gm(2) day at 20 degrees C and 60% relative humidity. This system can measure an accurate permeation rate with a high sensitivity in the measurable range of 10(1)-10(-6) gm(2) day. In addition, the test structure devised is applicable to various fabrication techniques for passivation layers with durability and ultralow permeability for flexible organic light emitting diodes.
Effect of Polar Extract of Cocoa Peels Inhibitor on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Mild Steel Exposed in Hydrocloric Acid (2015)

Effect of addition of theobroma cacao peels extract (TCPE), a new proposed green inhibitor, on tensile and hardness properties, and related microstructure of mild steel exposed in solution of 1.5M HCl was investigated in order to know the contribution of this kind of inhibitor in controlling mechanical properties, in addition to reducing corrosion attack. Corrosion behaviors including inhibition mechanism and adsorption process during exposure were then discussed. Corrosion rate and inhibitory efficiency of mild steel samples containing 0.3%C were determined using weight loss method. The samples were exposed in the acid solution with and without addition of 0.5-2.5% the TCPE. Tensile and hardness tests were subsequently performed on the samples to determine the change of mechanical properties of the metal prior and after addition of the extracts. Sample surface morphologies and chemical composition as well were observed by a scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The results show that the strength, hardness and elongation of mild steel drop significantly due to heavy damage in the surface after immersion in the HCl solution for 32 days. However, these mechanical properties gradually increase with increasing concentration of the extract following the increase of surface coverage and inhibition efficiency. The increase of the tensile properties and hardness is due mainly to the ability of the inhibitor to cover mild steel surface through formation of metal-organo complexes protection layer in the surface of the mild steel. Although total carbon level in the surface of the mild steel also increases significantly, there is no any proof of carbon difussion into the mild steel. The addition of polar extract of theobroma cacao peels into a solution of 1.5 M HCl is, therefore, not only effective to minimize the degradation on the mild steel surface, but it also diminishes the mechanical properties reduction of the mild steel.
Performance Enhancement of E-UTRA Uplink Control Channel in Fast Fading Environments (2009)

Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is employed for the 3GPP Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) downlink. Each user equipment (UE) sends its ACK/NACK corresponding to the downlink data reception to the base station via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The ACK/NACK signals from the UE are first code spread by the cyclic shift sequences, and then spread by the orthogonal cover sequences. The ACK/NACK signals from each UE are multiplexed by means of code division multiple access (CDMA), however, it is difficult for the conventional PUCCH code design to satisfy the required bit error rate (BER) of 10 3 in fast- fading environments because of inter-code interferences among the orthogonal cover sequences. In this paper, we propose a novel PUCCH code design which can suppress the effect of inter-code interferences among the orthogonal cover sequences. And the simulation evaluations confirm that the proposed code design can significantly improve the performance of the ACK/NACK signals via PUCCH especially in fast-fading environments.
Association of the Breast Cancer Protein MLN51 with the Exon Junction Complex via Its Speckle Localizer and RNA Binding Module (2004)

MLN51 is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein that is overexpressed in breast cancer. The function of MLN51 in mammals remains elusive. Its fly homolog, named barentsz, as well as the proteins mago nashi and tsunagi have been shown to be required for proper oskar mRNA localization to the posterior pole of the oocyte. Magoh and Y14, the human homologs of mago nashi and tsunagi, are core components of the exon junction complex (EJC). The EJC is assembled on spliced mRNAs and plays important roles in post-splicing events including mRNA export, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and translation. In the present study, we show that human MLN51 is an RNA-binding protein present in ribonucleo-protein complexes. By co-immunoprecipitation assays, endogenous MLN51 protein is found to be associated with EJC components, including Magoh, Y14, and NFX1/TAP, and subcellular localization studies indicate that MLN51 transiently co-localizes with Magoh in nuclear speckles. Moreover, we demonstrate that MLN51 specifically associates with spliced mRNAs in co-precipitation experiments, both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, at the position where the EJC is deposited. Most interesting, we have identified a region within MLN51 sufficient to bind RNA, to interact with Magoh and spliced mRNA, and to address the protein to nuclear speckles. This conserved region of MLN51 was therefore named SELOR for speckle localizer and RNA binding module. Altogether our data demonstrate that MLN51 associates with EJC in the nucleus and remains stably associated with mRNA in the cytoplasm, suggesting that its overexpression might alter mRNA metabolism in cancer.
Extremely low vaccine effectiveness against influenza H3N2 in the elderly during the 2012/2013 flu season (2013)

This item has no abstract. Follow the link below to access the full text.
Neuropathologic changes in the gerbil brain after chronic hypoperfusion. (1993)

These findings suggest that changes in the cytoskeletal proteins in dendrites, axons, and glial cells may cause neuronal death under conditions of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
Bridging the Gap between Invention and Innovation (2005)

Bridging the gap between widgets that work but would never sell, and abstract entrepreneurial enterprises with little grounding in physical reality, students in an Invention and Innovation course create and test products with a focus on their potential to succeed in the marketplace. The primary component of the course consists of parallel activities: designing and building a proof-of-concept product prototype (invention), while exploring its potential for commercial success (innovation). Based on the precept that a foundation for entrepreneurship is to inspire engineers to perceive themselves as inventors, and arm them with the capabilities and confidence to tackle the marketplace, this paper describes an approach to convince students, through doing, that they do have what it takes to become an inventor and entrepreneur.