gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cintia: a neuro-fuzzy real-time controller for low-power embedded systems (1995)

Cintia, a neuro-fuzzy real-time controller based on pulse stream computation techniques, is designed for applications in low-power embedded systems. The system mixes two approaches: neuro-fuzzy controllers and finite-state automata. We implement the former by means of a custom neural chip, the latter as sequential code on a traditional microcontroller. Cintia demonstrates the advantages of mixing the two approaches and the feasibility of embedded neuro-fuzzy control systems. A low-power, single-chip version is also under design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Retroactivity Affects the Adaptive Robustness of Transcriptional Regulatory Networks (2019)

Adaptation refers to the system's ability to respond transiently to an input signal and subsequently recover to the initial states. Adaptive robustness, the ability of a network to achieve adaptation, is subject to the loading effects arising from modular interconnections, known as retroactivity. Studying the effects of retroactivity on adaptive robustness facilitates the employment of retroactivity to improve circuit performance in synthetic biology. In this paper, we developed a framework for quantifying adaptive robustness via statistical model checking and used this framework to investigate the effects of retroactivity on adaptive robustness. We found that increasing retroactivity tends to raise adaptive robustness in networks where the output protein does not perform regulatory functions, such as incoherent feedforward loops.
Functional Properties of Human Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin and Standard Immunoglobulin Preparations (2016)

BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin (CMV-HIG) preparations reduce mortality after solid organ transplantation. Polyspecific intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) products are also used prophylactically by some centers. Since direct comparative characterizations of the preparations are scarce, it is challenging to compare different clinical studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS The functionality of 2 CMV-HIG preparations (Cytotect® CP, Cytogam®) and 2 IVIg preparations (Ig Vena®, Flebogamma®) were compared in terms of: (i) CMV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels determined by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), (ii) avidity index using a CMV IgG avidity enzyme immunoassay, (iii) immunoblot assay against CMV-specific antigens, and (iv) anti-CMV microneutralization assay. RESULTS Median CMV-specific IgG antibody concentration was similar in the 2 CMV-HIG preparations (Cytotect® CP 101.8 PEIU/ml, Cytogam® 112.5 PEIU/ml) but markedly lower in the IVIg preparations (13.5 PEIU/ml and 21.3 PEIU/ml). CMV binding avidity was virtually identical for both CMV-HIG products (~90%). Immunoblot assay showed consistently high binding of both CMV-HIG preparations against all antigenic CMV glycoproteins tested. Recognition of some CMV-specific antigens (IE1, CM2, and p65) was weaker for the 2 IVIg products. Median CMV neutralizing antibody titers were identical for both CMV-HIG preparations (1:256), and 4-fold lower (1:64) for the IVIg products. CMV IgG antibody concentration correlated with the CMV neutralization titer. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the polyspecific IVIg products tested here, CMV-HIG preparations showed higher CMV binding activity and wider recognition of tested CMV-specific glycoprotein antigens, with markedly higher neutralizing activity. There do not appear to be any relevant distinctions between the Cytotect® CP and Cytogam® CMV-HIG products in terms of functional activity.
Effects of glucocorticoids on lymphocyte metabolism (1993)

The immunosuppressive effect of glucocorticoids has been widely reported; however, the mechanism of action of these hormones on the immune system has not been fully established. In the present study, the effect of glucocorticoids on glucose, glutamine, and pyruvate metabolism in lymph node lymphocytes was investigated. Addition of dexamethasone to the incubation medium did not alter glucose and glutamine metabolism but inhibited pyruvate utilization by 40%. This latter effect took 1 h to occur and remained for up to 6 h, even after removal of dexamethasone from the culture medium. Measurements of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in lymphocytes and the rate of [1-14C]-pyruvate conversion into 14CO2 in incubated lymphocyte mitochondria demonstrated that glucocorticoids decrease pyruvate utilization by inhibiting the activity of this key regulatory enzyme. The effect of such an inhibition of pyruvate utilization on the function of cells of the immune system remains to be clarified.
1997 Visual Programming Challenge summary (2002)

The objective of the Visual Programming Challenge (VPC) is to focus the various visual programming approaches, both research and commercial, on a specific problem as a means of providing a comparative analysis. The competition domain is a problem involving quasi-real-time control of a robotic vehicle. The control of these robotic vehicles is representative of programmable control problems that might reasonably be encountered by the general public in years ahead. For instance, programming a robotic vehicle is similar to what might be required to program a robotic vacuum cleaner.
Radiochromic film dosimetry: Recommendations of AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 55 (1998)

Recommendations of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) for the radiochromic film dosimetry are presented. These guidelines were prepared by a task group of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee and have been reviewed and approved by the AAPM Science Council.
Characterization of signal quality using data stream optical autocorrelation (2004)

Optical performance monitoring using data stream autocorrelation is analyzed in simulations and experiments for impairments of interest in practical optical networks. Sensitivity to OSNR is demonstrated over a wide range of accumulated dispersion.
[Electrophysiologic effects of intravenous carocainide]. (1986)

The electrophysiological properties of carocainide a new Class I antiarrhythmic agent (Delalande Research Centre) were studied after intravenous injection of 3.5 mg/kg in 5 minutes in 16 patients aged 24 to 66 years. Five minutes after the injection there was a significant increase (p less than 0.01) in the HV (+/- 12.8 +/- 10.5 msec), AH (+ 21.8 +/- 14 msec) and PR intervals (+ 43.8 +/- 24.2 msec) and in the duration of QRS (+ 20.6 +/- 9.9 msec). The anterograde and retrograde Wenckebach points were decreased (-42 +/- 43 bpm and - 52 +/- 36 bpm respectively, p less than 0.05). All these effects reverted progressively 20 minutes after injection and disappeared by the 40th minute, which corresponds to the pharmaco-kinetic profile of the patient. There were no changes in blood pressure, sinus node function or refractory periods except for the retrograde refractory periods which were prolonged (+ 87 +/- 41 msec). Atrial fibrillation was induced in 2 patients and atrial flutter in 2 others by the extrastimulus technique. These arrhythmias could not be reproduced in these 4 patients during the 40 minutes after injection of carocainide. Five other patients with reciprocating nodal tachycardia induced by atrial extrastimuli had their arrhythmia interrupted by the carocainide injection. We conclude that carocainide acts mainly on atrio-ventricular and intra-ventricular conduction. The results obtained in patients with tachycardias suggest that the product is effective in atrial arrhythmias and paroxysmal junctional tachycardia.
UTILIZATION OF QUALITY TOOLS: DOES SECTOR AND SIZE MATTER? (2015)

This research focuses on the influence of company sector and size on the level of utilization of Basic and Advanced Quality Tools. The paper starts with a literature review and then presents the methodology used for the survey. Based on the responses from 202 managers of Portuguese ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System certified organizations, statistical tests were performed. Results show, with 95% confidence level, that industry and services have a similar proportion of use of Basic and Advanced Quality Tools. Concerning size, bigger companies show a higher trend to use Advanced Quality Tools than smaller ones. For Basic Quality Tools, there was no statistical significant difference at a 95% confidence level for different company sizes. The three basic Quality tools with higher utilization were Check sheets, Flow charts and Histograms (for Services) or Control Charts/ (for Industry), however 22% of the surveyed organizations reported not using Basic Quality Tools, which highlights a major improvement opportunity for these companies. Additional studies addressing motivations, benefits and barriers for Quality Tools application should be undertaken for further validation and understanding of these results.
FPGA Architecture: Survey and Challenges (2008)

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become one of the key digital circuit implementation media over the last decade. A crucial part of their creation lies in their architecture, which governs the nature of their programmable logic functionality and their programmable interconnect. FPGA architecture has a dramatic effect on the quality of the final device’s speed performance, area efficiency, and power consumption. This survey reviews the historical development of programmable logic devices, the fundamental programming technologies that the pro-grammability is built on, and then describes the basic understandings gleaned from research on architectures. We include a survey of the key elements of modern commercial FPGA architecture, and look toward future trends in the field.
Motion control for advanced mechatronics (1996)

Motion control is now recognized as a key technology in mechatronics. The robustness of motion control will be represented as a function of stiffness and a basis for practical realization. Target of motion is parameterized by control stiffness which could be variable according to the task reference. However, the system robustness of motion always requires very high stiffness in the controller. The paper shows that control of acceleration realizes specified motion simultaneously with keeping the robustness very high. The acceleration is a bridge to connect such robustness and variable stiffness. For practical applications, a technique to estimate disturbance is introduced to make motion controller to be an acceleration controller. Motion control of flexible structure and identification of mechanical parameters are also described.
Local structure of amorphous Zr70Pd30 alloy studied by electron diffraction (2001)

The structures of melt-spun, and subsequently annealed, Zr70Pd30 alloys, which form a nanosized icosahedral quasicrystalline phase during the primary crystallization of the amorphous phase, have been investigated by means of electron-diffraction pair-distribution-function (PDF) analysis. The PDF analysis for this alloy was performed by precise measurements of elastic halo-electron-diffraction intensities. Possible structure models for as-quenched and annealed amorphous structures were constructed with the help of reverse Monte Carlo simulations. In order to obtain the local atomic structures, the Voronoi-polyhedra analysis was performed. A considerable number of icosahedral clusters with Zr atoms in the center are present in the simulated structure of the as-quenched state, and the number of the clusters increases by annealing.
TRAF1 is a TNF inducible regulator of NF‐κB activation (1999)

Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor TRAF1 was first identified as a component of the TNFR2 signalling complex. Unlike the other members of the TRAF family, TRAF1 lacks the N-terminal ring finger motif and has a tissue specific expression. Here we demonstrate that expression of TRAF1 is induced by TNF and the protein kinase C (PKC) activator PMA, but not by interleukin-1 (IL-1). TNF-induced upregulation of TRAF1 could be prevented by pretreatment of the cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132, whereas the PKC inhibitor Ro31-8220 was without effect. Interestingly, overexpression of TRAF1 in HEK293T completely prevented NF-kappaB activation induced by TNF, IL-1, or overexpression of TRAF2 or TRAF6. These data suggest that inducible expression of TRAF1 may serve a negative regulatory function in NF-kappaB signalling pathways.
Rate-Accuracy Trade-Off in Video Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (2018)

Advanced video classification systems decode video frames to derive the necessary texture and motion representations for ingestion and analysis by spatio-temporal deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, when considering visual Internet -of- Things applications, surveillance systems and semantic crawlers of large video repositories, the compressed video content and the CNN-based semantic analysis parts do not tend to be co-located. This necessitates the transport of compressed video over networks and incurs significant overhead in bandwidth and energy consumption, thereby significantly undermining the deployment potential of such systems. In this paper, we investigate the trade-off between the encoding bitrate and the achievable accuracy of CNN-based video classification that ingests AVC/H.264 encoded videos. Instead of entire compressed video bitstreams, we only retain motion vector and selected texture information at significantly reduced bitrates. Based on two CNN architectures and two action recognition datasets, we achieve 38%-59% saving in bitrate with marginal impact in classification accuracy. A simple rate-based selection between the two CNNs shows that even further bitrate savings are possible with graceful degradation in accuracy. This may allow for rate/accuracy-optimized CNN-based video classification over networks.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors Improve Heart Function and Prevent Fibrosis in Cardiomyopathy Caused by Mutation in Lamin A/C Gene (2010)

Inhibitors of ERK and JNK signaling could potentially be used to treat humans with cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations.
IC‐P‐208: BRAIN STRUCTURAL COVARIANCE IN MIDLIFE: THE FRAMINGHAM OFFSPRING STUDY (2014)

Structural covariance analysis refers to the identification of distributed spatial patterns of morphological similarity across the cortical mantle within a group of individuals, based on structural MRI of the brain. Although such analysis can improve our understanding of development and degeneration of distributed brain networks, prior studies were limited by analytic methods that failed to rigorously estimate the number of spatial patterns evident in the data. We assessed structural covariance of cortical thickness in 409 middle-aged members of the Framingham Offspring Study to overcome this limitation. 409 middle-aged individuals (males = 187, females = 220, age = 54 ±6.5 years) from the Framingham Heart Study, a large and ongoing longitudinal study of individuals living in Framingham, Massachusetts, received 1.5T structural MRI and post-processing to calculate mean cortical thickness within 39 Brodmann area regions per hemisphere. We applied principal components analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA) to the set of mean cortical thickness values to identify spatial patterns of similar cortical thicknesses, and used diagnostic criteria such as permuted parallel analysis, absolute fit, incremental fit, and information fit, to determine the number of such patterns. Diagnostic criteria suggested that principal components and factors analysis identified 8 and 13 spatial patterns of similar cortical thicknesses, respectively. Individual spatial patterns represented parts of known functional networks, including Broca's and Wernicke's areas, visual cortex, sensorimotor cortex, the default mode network, the episodic memory system, and prefrontal cortex. Intuitive associations between increasing age and decreasing cortical thickness within specific cortical regions were evident in post hoc analysis. In this structural covariance analysis of a middle-aged group, there is evidence for a relatively small number of distinct, biologically-plausible spatial patterns of covarying cortical thickness, and these spatial patterns show expected thinning with age. PCA and FA with criteria for determining the true number of significant and distinct spatial patterns is a viable approach for structural covariance analysis.
IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH LOW DOSE IL-2/CD25 PREVENTS BETA CELL DYSFUNCTION AND DYSGLYCEMIA IN PREDIABETIC NOD MICE (2023)

&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Low-dose IL-2 is a promising immunotherapy in clinical trials for treating type 1 diabetes. A new IL-2 analog, IL-2/CD25 fusion protein, has been shown to more efficiently delay or prevent diabetes in NOD mice by expanding the population of activated regulatory T cells. This therapy is intended for use before clinical diagnosis, in the early stages of type 1 diabetes progression. During this prediabetic period, there is a chronic decline in beta cell function that has long-term implications for disease pathogenesis. Yet, to date, the effects of IL-2/CD25 on beta cell function have not been evaluated. In this study we treated prediabetic NOD mice with low-dose mouse IL-2/CD25 over 5 weeks and determined its impact on beta cell function. This treatment limited the progressive impairment of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion typical of the later stages of prediabetes. Intracellular Ca2+ responses to glucose in beta cells became more robust and synchronous, indicating that changing the local immune cell infiltrate with IL-2/CD25 preserved beta cell function even after treatment cessation. Our study thus provides mechanistic insight and serves as a stepping stone for future research using low-dose IL-2/CD25 immunotherapy in patients.&lt;/p&gt;
Recognition of Psychological Characteristics from Face (2008)

The nature of computer vision causes the fact that not only computer science researchers are interested in it, but neuroscientists and psychologists, too. One of the main interests for psychology is identification of person’s psychological traits and personality types which can be accomplished by different means of psychological testing: questionnaires, interviews, direct observations, etc. Though that is a general tendency of people to read character into a person’s physical form, especially face. In relation to psychological characteristics recognition, face provides researchers and psychologists with instrument of obtaining information about personality and psychological traits that would be much more objective than questionnaires and neuropsychological tests and could be obtained remotely using person’s facial portrait, with no need for personal involvement. The paper describes approaches to psychological characteristics recognition from facial image such as physiognomy, phase facial portrait, ophthalmogeometry, and explains the need in automating it.
Time and Area Optimized Testing of Automotive ICs (2020)

As cars become increasingly computerized and their safety functions evolve rapidly, the number of complex safety-critical components deployed in advanced driver assistance systems or autonomous vehicles is rising dramatically with high-end models containing hundreds of embedded microcontrollers. These integrated circuits must adhere to stringent requirements for high quality and long-term reliability driven by functional safety standards. This requires test solutions that address challenges posed by automotive systems. This article presents a scan-based test scheme optimizing test time and area overhead during manufacturing and in-system test of automotive electronics. The proposed scheme deploys observation test points that capture the faulty effects in every shift cycle into separate observation scan chains. To reduce area overhead, the scheme enables the sharing of flip-flops among control points. It is also shown how test points enhance test coverage (TC) in the presence of cascaded clock gaters. Finally, processing challenges when fault simulating every scan shift cycle to determine TC are addressed. Experimental results obtained for contemporary automotive designs and reported herein show significant improvements in test quality over traditional solutions.
Fermion Monte Carlo Study of the Beryllium Atom (2003)

Most quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods for electronic structure encounter a “sign problem” for which the most common solution is to apply the fixed‐node approximation. An extensive body of work by several authors has shown that this approach is very effective, but the fixed‐node error cannot be estimated a priori. An exact Monte Carlo method for Fermions has been recently proposed by Kalos and Pederiva, and extended to molecular systems by Kalos and Hood. As a test, we apply the approach to Be.
Characterization of New Transgenic Mouse Models for Two Charcot-Marie-Tooth-Causing HspB1 Mutations using the Rosa26 Locus (2016)

These results suggest that expressing the transgene at a physiological level using the ROSA26 locus may not be sufficient to model inherited peripheral neuropathies caused by mutation in HSPB1.
Evaluation of Sieving Polymers for Fast, Reproducible Electrophoretic Analysis of Short Tandem Repeats (STR) in Capillaries (2005)

Efficient capillary electrophoretic STR analysis requires rapid, reproducible and robust separation of DNA fragments with reasonable capillary longevity--this is currently accomplished using proprietary commercial polymeric sieving matrices specifically developed for this separation. These matrices, while effective, are costly and do not provide adequate resolution of STR DNA fragments in capillaries with shorter effective separation lengths, increasing the time required to accomplish the separation and minimizing the potential extrapolation to other miniaturized platforms. As the forensic community looks toward next generation microchip technology as a means of processing casework more rapidly, new sieving polymers need to be evaluated for utilization in this platform. The research presented here describes the assessment of commercially-available polymeric sieving matrices for STR analysis, with consideration given to feasibility of incorporation into a microdevice. Polymer composition, molecular weight, and concentration were evaluated, along with an assessment of the effects of buffer composition, separation temperature, and capillary length. These variables were evaluated individually or collectively on the ability to resolve STR DNA fragments and the reproducibility of the separations and the results compared to a proprietary commercial product. A 600,000 Da MW poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solution at a 3% (w/v) concentration was determined to be the most suitable matrix for these separations. This polymer, in coated capillaries, provided highly robust and reproducible separations, with near baseline resolution of fragments having single base differences. Reductions in the temperature of the separation, from 60 degrees C to 40 degrees C, and the urea concentration of the buffer, from 7 M to 3.5 M, provided increased longevity of the PEO polymer for repeated separations. Comparison of this polymer with currently specified commercial products used for STR analysis showed that the optimized PEO matrix provided superior separations under all conditions tested. In addition, PEO could be utilized in shorter capillary systems, with a concurrent decrease in analysis time, highlighting its potential for use in shortened capillary or microdevice systems.