gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent theoretical and experimental advancements in the application of van Oss–Chaudury–Good acid–base theory to the analysis of polymer surfaces I. General aspects (2003)

The acid-base theory as developed by van Oss, Chaudury and Good is a powerful tool to analyze the surface free energy of polymeric materials; however, some problems are encountered in its application and some authors have shown that these problems can be theoretically solved considering this theory as an example of the so-called LFER theories. From this point of view, the definition of a well-defined scale of acid-base strength and the use of a wide and well-equilibrated, appropriate set of liquids is very important. In the present paper some recent results are presented which are based on the mathematical approach discussed by Della Volpe and Siboni in previous papers. The treatment is developed as a list of questions, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), whose theoretical implications are discussed using numerical examples chosen from the literature. Some literature data, collected by the opponents of the acid-base theory and recently published, are re-analysed using these methods, showing that they constitute a well-defined set to calculate, with a good precision, the acid-base components of the considered materials and the interfacial energies of liquids used. The present paper is the premise of a second one, in which a set of contact angles data collected by the authors and by other researchers will be analysed following the principles discussed here.
All-optical integrated optic devices: A hybrid approach (1998)

All-optical data processing is highly desirable in optical data-communication networks because of the increasing need of bandwidth and optical transparency. The paper presents an evaluation of integrated optics device concepts, discusses materials requirements and gives experimental results of own work on devices based on silicon technology with hybrid integration of polymers as a nonlinear material.
Self-localized light: launching of low-velocity solitons in corrugated nonlinear waveguides (1989)

We show that stationary gap solitons are just a limiting case of a wider set of (slowly) moving solitons associated with the photonic stop gap of a periodic nonlinear structure. We give an analytic description of these solitons and provide the prescription for launching such solitons in a realistic waveguide geometry.
Dominant-Negative Control of cAMP-Dependent I Ks Upregulation in Human Long-QT Syndrome Type 1 (2011)

Our results indicate the involvement of the KCNQ1-S6 region at/or around A341 in cAMP-dependent stimulation of I(Ks), a process that is under strong dominant-negative control, suggesting that tetrameric KCNQ1 phosphorylation is required. Specific long-QT1 mutations, including heterozygous A341V, disable this regulation.
Resonant distortion in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers for RF communication (2003)

We present distortion measurements of 850-nm oxide aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) over a 2 GHz to 8 GHz frequency range. A maximum spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of 107.8 dB-Hz/sup 2/3/ at 2.6 GHz was measured, which we believe is the highest reported SFDR for a VCSEL. Resonant distortion due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of the laser and optical feedback is measured in both free space and multimode fiber-optic links.
Transformation of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) With Insect Resistant Gene by Particle Bombardment and Agrobacterium (1998)

A combination of two techniques i.e. particle bombardment and Agrobacterium method was applied to transfer marker NPT-ll and insecticidal cry1A(b) gene into zygotic embryos of cotton variety MNH-93. Wounding in embryos produced by bombardment of tungsten particles increased the efficiency of Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Primary transformants selected on selection medium containing Kanamycin (100 g/ml) for 6-8 week showed the presence and expression of cry1A(b) gene in the primary transformants. Insect Bioassays with 2nd instar larvae of of American bollworm (Heliothis armigera), PCR amplification,of the coding region of cry1A(b) gene in plant gennnle and ELISA with the antibodies against cryt1A(c) con . firmed the transformation.
Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBs Ag) with Use of Alkaline Phosphatase-Labeled Antibody to HBs Ag (1977)

An enzyme-labeled "sandwich" assay was developed for the detection of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) with use of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase and horse antibody to HBS Ag. It involved a total incubation time of 2.5 hr in three steps and was approximately equivalent in sensitivity to one of the commercially available radioimunoassays. The confirmatory test was of the neutralization type and required an additional 30-min incubation step. The enzyme-labeled antibody solution and the solid-phase antibody were extremely stable. They withstood storage at 2 C-8 C for longer than one year with virtually no decrease in activity. Accelerated tests of stability in storage at room temperature (20 C-24 C) showed only a small loss of potency over a one-year period. Three specimens were encountered that were confirmably positive by enzyme-labeled immunoassay but negative by radioimmunoassay.
Genetic variations in vitamin D-related pathways and breast cancer risk in African American women in the AMBER consortium (2015)

Studies of genetic variations in vitamin D-related pathways and breast cancer risk have been conducted mostly in populations of European ancestry, and only sparsely in African Americans (AA), who are known for a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. We analyzed 24,445 germline variants in 63 genes from vitamin D-related pathways in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) consortium, including 3,663 breast cancer cases and 4,687 controls. Odds ratios (OR) were derived from logistic regression models for overall breast cancer, by estrogen receptor (ER) status (1,983 ER positive and 1,098 ER negative), and for case-only analyses of ER status. None of the three vitamin D-related pathways were associated with breast cancer risk overall or by ER status. Gene-level analyses identified associations with risk for several genes at a nominal p ≤ 0.05, particularly for ER- breast cancer, including rs4647707 in DDB2. In case-only analyses, vitamin D metabolism and signaling pathways were associated with ER- cancer (pathway-level p = 0.02), driven by a single gene CASR (gene-level p = 0.001). The top SNP in CASR was rs112594756 (p = 7 × 10(-5), gene-wide corrected p = 0.01), followed by a second signal from a nearby SNP rs6799828 (p = 1 × 10(-4), corrected p = 0.03). In summary, several variants in vitamin D pathways were associated with breast cancer risk in AA women. In addition, CASR may be related to tumor ER status, supporting a role of vitamin D or calcium in modifying breast cancer phenotypes.
Planetary Surface Mobility and Exploration: A Review (2021)

With the continued interest in scientific space exploration and rapid development of the commercialized space sector, there have been a wide array of exploration technologies proposed for planetary mobility. This paper aims to survey these new technologies, explain the motivations and challenges of traversing different space environments, and describe why certain approaches will be more ubiquitous. A continued dominance by four- and six-wheeled vehicles for lunar and Martian exploration due to reliability, simplicity, and efficiency is observed. However, there is an emergence of alternative wheeled vehicle kinematics, other legged locomotion, and flying, climbing, or hopping robots when these designs confer specific advantages. The engineering maxim “form follows function” is strongly represented within the array of robotic planetary explorer designs. The limitations of an irradiated, dusty, vacuous, remote operating environment which prioritizes efficiency and robust operation often lead to small iterations on working designs because deviations from the status quo are simply not feasible or deemed too risky. Those proposed designs which do deviate have clear justifications driven by their particular environments or intended purpose. Engineers developing future planetary exploring robots for space environments may find these considerations useful.
Tunable 2.4 - 4.4 μm coherent pulse source for seeding OPCPA (2018)

We present a monolithic, ultrafast, mid-infrared laser designed specifically for seeding an optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier. The compact laser system output nearly transform-limited pulses with MW class peak powers at repetition rates of ≥1MHz.
Effective inhibition of cell growth and invasion of melanoma by combined suppression of BRAF (V599E) and Skp2 with lentiviral RNAi (2005)

p27Kip1 that regulates the G1/S transition of cell cycle and inhibits Rho A signaling is frequently lost in several cancers leading to the deregulation of cell growth and cell motility. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) regulate the export of p27Kip1 from nucleus to cytoplasm, followed by the degradation with proteases. Skp-2, a subunit of an SCF ubiquitin-protein ligase complex responsible for the ubiquitination of p27Kip1, is upregulated frequently in several cancers, leading to the decrease of p27Kip1. We applied human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) to melanoma cells with the BRAF mutation (V599E) and overexpressed Skp-2 and found that the simultaneous suppression of these activated oncogenes resulted in the effective inhibition of in vitro cell growth and invasive ability of melanoma cells accompanied by the additional increase of p27Kip1. Our results suggest that gene therapy against melanoma with the enhanced MAPK and ubiquitin-proteasomal pathways could be a specific and effective therapeutic strategy for cancers.
Multimodal Imaging (2018)

Multimodal imaging is becoming essential in the modern clinical practice to perform a correct diagnosis. As several diseases can present a similar appearance by the same imaging modality, the use of different imaging tools represents the gold standard strategy for the successful management of retinal disorders. In this chapter, we describe the impact of multimodal imaging approach in the evaluation of age-related macular degeneration.
Impact of local anaesthetics and needle calibres used for painless PRP injections on platelet functionality (2019)

The platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous biotherapy commonly used for its healing properties.Once activated, platelets released a real "cocktail" of growth factor and cytokines implied in numerous regenerative processes.However the impact of medical practices associated to PRP therapeutic use on platelets functionality remains poorly known.Objectives: we evaluated the in vitro effects of two commonly used local anesthetics (Xylocaine* and Naropin*) on PRP functionality.We also investigated the quantity and quality of PRP that passed through the smallest gauge needle commercialized.Materials and methods: PRP from 9 healthy volunteers were prepared using our previously described home made purification protocol.Platelet aggregation capacity was evaluated by aggregometry assays and the growth factor release was determined by ELISA after platelet activation.We also evaluated the platelet activation status, reactivity and stability of platelets by flow cytometry using the P-selectin expression marker.Results: the association of local anaesthetics with PRP injections resulted in a significant decrease of platelets functionality, assessed by their capacity of aggregating.Local anaesthetics did not interfere with the growth factor release.The different needle sizes and calibres tested for PRP injections did not influence the platelet functionality.Conclusions: the use of local anaesthetics to prevent pain during PRP injections could compromise the therapeutic potential of PRP.These results suggest using carefully local anaesthetics or limiting their use as often is possible.To minimize injection pain, we recommend using 30 G needles.These data will lead to clinical recommendations for painless and controlled PRP injections.
Mahalanobis Distance Based Non-negative Sparse Representation for Face Recognition (2009)

Sparse representation for machine learning has been exploited in past years. Several sparse representation based classification algorithms have been developed for some applications, for example, face recognition. In this paper, we propose an improved sparse representation based classification algorithm. Firstly, for a discriminative representation, a non-negative constraint of sparse coefficient is added to sparse representation problem. Secondly, Mahalanobis distance is employed instead of Euclidean distance to measure the similarity between original data and reconstructed data. The proposed classification algorithm for face recognition has been evaluated under varying illumination and pose using standard face databases. The experimental results demonstrate that the performance of our algorithm is better than that of the up-to-date face recognition algorithm based on sparse representation.
Accelerated screening methods for determining chemical and thermal stability of refrigerant-lubricant mixtures: Part 2, Experimental comparison and verification of methods. Quarterly technical progress report, 1 March 1993--30 June 1993 (1993)

Initial research focused on conductivity measurements to perform in heated situ degradation measurements of CFC-12/mineral oil and HCFC-22/mineral oil mixtures at 175C in sealed glass tubes. Tungsten rods were sealed into round bottoms of the sealed tubes to provide electrical connections for in situ conductivity measurements. Steel, Cu and W were used as catalysts as well as conductivity probes. Conductivity measurements have been made with both ac and dc voltage inputs. Preliminary results indicate that in situ conductivity measurements correlate with refrigerant/lubricant degradation as determined by other analytical techniques (color, gas chromatography). Some of the continuous conductivity measurement tests appear to accelerate as well as monitor the refrigerant/lubricant degradation. W posts with a valve steel catalyst appear optimum combination for conductivity measurements. Ferric fluoride catalysts and differential thermal analysis were also investigated. Initial tests indicate that the ferric fluoride catalyst has potential for testing lubricant stability at temperatures lower than 175C . Differential thermal analysis have minimal potential for in situ measurements of long-term refrigerant/lubricant degradation processes.
Effect of SDF-1 &#945; on Endogenous Mobilized and Transplanted Stem Cells in Regeneration after Myocardial Infarction (2014)

Aim of the presented study was to investigate the role of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1α) in mobilizing stem cells in combination with endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation in a regenerative strategy for myocardial infarction therapy in a murine ischemia/reperfusion model. Initially bone marrow was eradicated and reconstituted with the use of green fluorescent protein (GFP) labelled allogenic cells. After reconstitution, myocardial ischemia was induced by temporary ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in C57/B16 mice and maintained for 1h. After reperfusion, EPCs (1 x 10(6) cells) or medium were injected directly into the border zones of the infarcted areas. In addition, the animals were divided in groups treated or not with specific antibodies against SDF-1α. 4 weeks after transplantation, echocardiography revealed a significantly decreased left ventricular function after application of EPCs in anti-SDF-1α treated animals compared to untreated groups. Histology revealed that EPC transplantation and anti-SDF-1α treatment diminished the amount of intramyocardially attracted GFP positive bone marrow cells. Interestingly, no significant changes in the density of CD31+ vessel structures compared to EPC transplantation alone were detectable in anti-SDF-1α treated groups. Anti-SDF-1α treatment also increased numbers of inflammatory cells (monocytes and neutrophiles) in infarcted areas. Rate of apoptotic cells and proliferation after transplantation did not differ. In conclusion, transplanted endothelial progenitor cells as well as SDF-1α are key factors in mobilization of endogenous bone marrow cells towards infarcted myocardium. Anti-SDF-1α treatment leads to a significant decreased left ventricular function, alters the inflammatory processes, but does not lead to significant alterations in neovascularization or collagen content of infarcted areas.
Stem cells and the future of dental care. (2008)

What are stem cells? As dentists, why should we be concerned with stem cells? How would stem cells change dental practice? Is it possible to grow a tooth or TMJ with stem cells? This article summarizes the latest stem cell research and development for dental, oral and craniofacial applications. Stem cell research and development will, over time, transform dental practice in a magnitude far greater than did amalgam or dental implants. Metallic alloys, composites and even titanium implants are not permanent solutions. In contrast, stem cell technology will generate native tissue analogs that are compatible with the patient's own.
Chemistry of the Coccoidea. X. Synthesis of the xantholaccaic acid B system and of related compounds (1982)

Xantholaccaic acid B dimethyl ester pentamethyl ether (6) and some related anthraquinones have been synthesized by regiospecific Diels-Alder addition of the highly functionalized dienes (12) and (27) successively to 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone. This is the first synthesis of the &amp;3946;-arylanthraquinone skeleton characteristic of the water-soluble dyestuffs from lac insects.
K-0408 Research of fatigue properties for Ti-Ni-Cu Shape Memory Alloy subjected to the repeated superelastic deformation (2001)

Shape memory alloys have the properties of the superelasticity and the shape memory effect. Therefore, shape memory alloys are applied to the components as industrial and medical materials in various fields. Fatigue life is very important to decide design specification, when shape memory alloys are applied to such a components. In this paper, fatigue properties for Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory alloys, which subjected to the repeated superelastic deformation under the controlling of strain condition, were investigated. Result show that fatigue life and mechanism depend on the strain amplitude and the dependence was clarified by using the series combined model.
Shape and Size Complementarity-Induced Formation of Supramolecular Protein Assemblies with Metal-Oxo Clusters (2021)

The controlled formation of protein supramolecular assemblies is challenging, but it could provide an important route for the development of hybrid biomaterials. In this work, we demonstrate the formation of well-defined complexes between the eightfold symmetrical designer protein Tako8 and soluble metal-oxo clusters from the family of Anderson–Evans, Keggin, and ZrIV-substituted Wells–Dawson polyoxometalates. A combination of X-ray crystallography and solution studies showed that metal-oxo clusters are able to serve as linker nodes for the bottom-up creation of protein-based supramolecular assemblies. Our findings indicate that clusters with larger size and negative charge are capable of modulating the crystal packing of the protein, highlighting the need for a size and shape complementarity with the protein node for optimal alteration of the crystalline self-assembly.
Abstract 1713: Novel, potent and orally bioavailable small molecule CD73 inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy (2021)

Abstract CD73 is a cell surface ectoenzyme, which is overexpressed in many types of human and mouse cancers. CD73 is the primary enzymatic producer of immunosuppressive adenosine in the tumor microenvironment, and high CD73 expression is associated with significantly poorer prognosis in several tumor types. Inhibition of either adenosine generation or signaling by inhibiting CD73 have been shown to be effective therapeutic approaches. Here we sought to discover and develop novel and orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitors that target CD73. Aurigene's non-nucleotide small molecule exhibit potent inhibition of CD73 in respective biochemical and cellular assays. High potency translated into rescue of AMP induced repression of IFN-Υ and IL-2 in human PBMCs. Lead compounds exhibited desirable drug-like properties including solubility, Caco2 permeability, lack of CYP inhibition and excellent oral pharmacokinetic exposure. In summary, we have identified small molecule inhibitors with good drug like properties, which showed good in vitro potency and excellent PK. Evaluation of these lead compounds in syngeneic tumor model along with in vivo toxicity studies are currently under way. Citation Format: Chandregowda Venkateshappa, Kishore Narayanan, Prasath Kothandaraman, Garima Priyadarshani, Rashmi Nair, Megha Goyal, Vijay Kamal Ahuja, Sagar Dadhania, AB Aravind, DS Samiulla, Girish Daginakkatte, Thomas Antony, Kavitha Nellore, Sunil Panigrahi, Dinesh Chikkanna, Susanta Samajdar, Murali Ramachandra. Novel, potent and orally bioavailable small molecule CD73 inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1713.
Diamond contact-less micrometric temperature sensors (2015)

An alternative approach for high-speed temperature measurement with micrometer-scale spatial resolution based on the luminescence of Ni-doped diamond micro-particles is described. Under picosecond pulsed laser excitation, these particles exhibit intense green luminescence; the lifetime of this luminescence decreases by several orders of magnitude upon heating from 120 K up to 900 K. The intensity of the luminescence remains constant over this temperature range. Real-time measurements were performed with repetition rates of up to 100 Hz with a temperature resolution of better than 1 °C.
Activation of Extracellular Signal–Regulated Kinase Is Involved in Mechanical Strain Inhibition of RANKL Expression in Bone Stromal Cells (2002)

Mechanical input is known to regulate skeletal mass. In vitro, application of strain inhibits osteoclast formation by decreasing expression of the ligand RANKL in bone stromal cells, but the mechanism responsible for this down-regulation is unknown. In experiments here, application of 1.8% equibiaxial strain for 6 h reduced vitamin D-stimulated RANKL mRNA expression by nearly one-half in primary bone stromal cells. Application of strain caused a rapid activation of ERK1/2, which returned to baseline by 60 minutes. Adding the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 30 minutes before strain delivery prevented the strain effect on RANKL mRNA expression, suggesting that activation of ERK1/2 was required for transduction of the mechanical force. Mechanical strain also activated N-terminal Jun kinase (JNK) that, in contrast, did not return to baseline during 24 h of continuous strain. This suggests that JNK may represent an accessory pathway for mechanical transduction in bone cells. Our data indicate that strain modulation of RANKL expression involves activation of MAPK pathways.