gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New approach to standardisation of human cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) (1999)

Six different cTnI assays (5 commercial and one assay under development) were run with either their own calibrators or with standard dilutions of different forms of cTnI (free or complexed). Twenty-one serum samples from 7 AMI patients were analysed using these combinations of calibrators and assay constructs. The range of cTnI concentrations as measured in AMI serum samples by different assays was more than 10-fold using each assays own standards or when using free native or recombinant cTnI. With recombinant or in vitro formed ternary cTnI-cTnT-TnC complexes the differences were smaller (3-fold). The lowest between-manufacturer bias (1.4-fold) was obtained when the heart tissue derived native troponin complex was used for the calibration of the assays. For all assays, calibrated against this troponin I complex, the recalculated cut-off values were within 0.1-0.25 microgram/L. We conclude that to reduce assay-to-assay variation, native troponin complex is presently the preferred alternative for the standardisation of cTnI assays.
DOA estimation using a broadband steering vector (2010)

The steering vector has traditionally been useful only for narrowband signals because it is based on a specific wavelength. It is possible to construct a more general steering vector that is based on the sample period. This allows a variety of array processing techniques to be used fro broadband signals.
Plaque surface area after rinsing with a low‐level fluoride‐containing Darjeeling tea (1995)

Plaque surface area after rinsing with a tea, containing low levels of fluoride, was evaluated in 30 human volunteers with a single-blind, one-operator, three-period, three-treatment cross-over study. The mouthwashes employed were: (1) tea (Darjeeling first flush:< 0.2 ppm F-), (2) Meridol(R), (3) control (tap water:< 0.2 ppm F-). During the experiment the participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures and rinsed their mouth three times a day after each meal with 20 ml of the respective rinse. After 3 d standardized photographs were taken of the upper canines and premolars and the plaque areas were measured planimetrically. Statistical analysis showed a marked decrease in plaque surface area after rinsing with Meridol, whereas no difference in plaque surface area was observed after mouthrinsing with tea and tap water, respectively.
Forward and reverse translational approaches to predict efficacy of neutralizing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody prophylaxis (2021)

An MBMA approach can predict efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against RSV and potentially other respiratory pathogens.
A novel alternatively spliced viral mRNA transcribed in cells infected with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 is mainly responsible for expressing p21X protein (1991)

The pX sequence of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has been thought to be expressed as a doubly spliced mRNA that codes for p40tax, p27rex and p21X. However, we identified a novel alternatively spliced mRNA in the HTLV-1 infected cells by using reverse transcription followed by the polymerase chain reaction. This mRNA contains only the first and third exons of the doubly spliced mRNA and encodes only p21X. Our data that this mRNA is responsible for expressing p21X exists in most of HTLV-1 infected cells strongly suggests that p21X may play a crucial role for HTLV-1 replication.
Rainbow Connection of Random Regular Graphs (2015)

An edge colored graph $G$ is rainbow edge connected if any two vertices are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection of a connected graph $G$, denoted by $rc(G)$, is the smallest number of colors that are needed in order to make $G$ rainbow connected. In this work we study the rainbow connection of the random $r$-regular graph $G=G(n,r)$ of order $n$, where $r\ge 4$ is a constant. We prove that with probability tending to one as $n$ goes to infinity the rainbow connection of $G$ satisfies $rc(G)=O(\log n)$, which is best possible up to a hidden constant.
Trap Cropping in Pest Management (1991)

With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, and fish represents a serious challenge for the future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More
Using a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer to Estimated the Human Force Applied to a Two-Wheeled Cane for Walking Assistance (2018)

Applying a nonlinear disturbance observer to a two-wheeled cane for walking assistance is proposed in this paper. The hardware design and controller for the two-wheeled cane are also presented. The two-wheeled cane is designed to help users, especially the elderly walk and balance. The design of the two-wheeled cane is based on an inverted pendulum model, and to validate the performance of system multiple simulation and experimental tests were performed with the designed hardware model. The nonlinear disturbance observer presented good results, which were the same as the force sensor measurement signals. The experimental results show that the two-wheeled cane based on the nonlinear disturbance observer is useful to help elderly persons maintain their balance.
Collecting network status information for network-aware applications (2002)

Network-aware applications, i.e., applications that adapt to network conditions in an application-specific way, need both static and dynamic information about the network to be able to adapt intelligently to network conditions. The CMU Remos interface gives applications access to a wide range of information in a network-independent fashion. Remos uses a logical topology to capture the network information that is relevant to applications in a concise way. However, collecting this information efficiently is challenging for several reasons: networks use diverse technologies and can be very large (Internet); applications need diverse information; and network managers might have concerns about leaking confidential information. In this paper we present an architecture for a hierarchical collector of network information. The decentralized architecture relies on data collectors that collect information on individual subnets; data collectors can collect information in manner that is appropriate for that subnet and can control the distribution of the information. For application queries that involve multiple subnets, we use a set of master collectors to partition requests and distribute subrequests to individual data collectors and to combine the results. Collectors cache recent network information to improve efficiency and responsiveness. This paper presents and justifies the collector architecture, describes a prototype implementation, and presents preliminary measurements characterizing its operation.
Adhesion and development of the root rot fungus (Heterobasidion annosum) on conifer tissues: effects of spore and host surface constituents (2000)

The objective of this study was to correlate the occurrence of particular root and woody stump surface components with the ability of spores of the root rot fungus (Heterobasidion annosum) to adhere, germinate and establish on conifer tissues. With the aid of high performance liquid chromatography, several sugars (pinitol, xylitol, dulcitol, mannitol, d-glucose, mannose, fructose) were detected on both stump and fine root surfaces of Scots pine and Norway spruce. Of all the sugars observed, xylose and arabinose were poorly utilized for initiation of germ tube growth whereas spore germination was enhanced in the presence of d-glucose, mannose or fructose. Oxidation of these sugars by pretreatment of wood discs or roots with periodic acid abolished the ability of the spores to germinate. Non-sugar components such as long chain fatty acids on spores and root surfaces as detected with nuclear magnetic resonance were found to have a significant influence on adhesion and initiation of germ tube development. Removal of these aliphatic compounds from the root surface increased spore germination by 2-fold, whereas similar treatment on spores led to a 5-fold decrease in adhesiveness to root material. In vitro studies revealed that the di-ethyl ether extract from the roots had no long term adverse effect on spore germination which suggests that the fungus may possess the capability to detoxify this substance. Similarly, adhesion of spores was affected by low and freezing temperatures. The role of significant levels of mannitol and trehalose accumulated in spores and hyphae of the fungi on viability, survival and tolerance to adverse conditions such as oxidative stress, freezing and desiccation are discussed.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Dual Roles for Coactivator Activator and its Counterbalancing Isoform Coactivator Modulator in Human Kidney Cell Tumorigenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Dual Roles for Coactivator Activator and its Counterbalancing Isoform Coactivator Modulator in Human Kidney Cell Tumorigenesis
Design of structure and quench-stability of sector magnets for RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron (1999)

Design, especially about the structure and quench stability, of the superconducting sector magnets for the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron is described. Special features of the sector magnets are the triangular shape superconducting coil, cold pole arrangement for supporting of the huge magnetic forces and the cryogenic stable coils. A full-scale superconducting model is now under construction as a prototype sector magnet.
Lutathera® Orphans: State of the Art and Future Application of Radioligand Therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE (2023)

Lutathera<sup>®</sup> is the first EMA- and FDA-approved radiopharmaceutical for radioligand therapy (RLT). Currently, on the legacy of the NETTER1 trial, only adult patients with progressive unresectable somatostatin receptor (SSTR) positive gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NET) can be treated with Lutathera<sup>®</sup>. Conversely, patients with SSTR-positive disease arising from outside the gastroenteric region do not currently have access to Lutathera<sup>®</sup> treatment despite several papers in the literature reporting the effectiveness and safety of RLT in these settings. Moreover, patients with well-differentiated G3 GEP-NET are also still "Lutathera orphans", and retreatment with RLT in patients with disease relapse is currently not approved. The aim of this critical review is to summarize current literature evidence assessing the role of Lutathera<sup>®</sup> outside the approved indications. Moreover, ongoing clinical trials evaluating new possible applications of Lutathera<sup>®</sup> will be considered and discussed to provide an updated picture of future investigations.
State-of-the-Art Computational Models of Circle of Willis With Physiological Applications: A Review (2020)

Background: Various computational models of the circle of Willis (CoW) have been developed to non-invasively estimate the blood flow and hemodynamic parameters in intracranial arteries for the assessment of clinical risks such as aneurysms, ischemia, and atherosclerotic plaque growth. This review aims to categorize the latest computational models of CoW and summarize the innovative techniques. Summary of Review: In traditional computational models of CoW, the computational complexity increased from zero-dimensional models to one-dimensional and three-dimensional models. The applications extend from estimating certain hemodynamic parameters to simulating local flow field. The innovative techniques include the combination of models with different dimensions, the extension of vascular structure including heart and veins, as well as the addition of distal fractality, cerebral autoregulation, and intracranial pressure. There are some nontraditional models based on fluid-solid-interaction, control theory, and in-vitro experiments. In all kinds of models, the in-vivo data and non-Newtonian rheological models of blood have been widely applied to improve the accuracy of hemodynamic simulation. Conclusion: Firstly, the selection of model depends on its application scenario. The balance between computational complexity and physiological accuracy deserves further investigation. Secondly, the improvement of CoW models relies on the large-scale validations and the combination of various innovative modeling techniques.
THE EFFECT OF LACTOBACILLUS HELVETICUS-FERMENTED MILK ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS (2007)

In the present study the possible effect of Lactobacillus helveticus-fermented milk on bone was studied in 8 month old SD ovariectomized rats. The ovariectomized rats, which develop an osteoporotic bone disorder with age, were randomized into 5 groups (n = 8) receiving milk fermented with L. helveticus and, as reference drinks, water, skim milk and sour milk , for 10 weeks. After the intervention bone mineral density and bone mineral content were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The bone mineral density of right femur and the calcium of left femur were measured. The L. helveticus-fermented milk intervention significantly increased the bone mineral density and bone mineral content compared to the water, sour milk interventions. The mean values of the bone mineral density and bone mineral content were higher in the L. helveticus-fermented milk group compared to skim milk groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. L. helveticus-fermented milk can significantly increases bone mineral density, bone mineral content, the load of bone and improves the ability of anti-fractured in the long-term feeding of ovariectomized rats.
Thermal and Mechanical Analysis of Novel Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Mice (2014)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has potential to treat various neurological disorders noninvasively and safely. There has been significant work on coil designs for use on the human brain; however, there are fewer reports on the coil design for small animal brains, such as mice. Such work is essential to validate TMS treatment procedures on animals prior to clinical trials. We report thermal and mechanical analysis of a new small-animal coil system designed to produce focused electric fields resulting in more selective deep-brain stimulation. Thermal and magnetic force analyses conducted at experimental TMS operating conditions are used to determine the mechanical stability of the new coil system. Low magnetic linear attraction and rotational forces suggest mechanical stability of the coil. Small temperature increase over a simulated 60 s TMS therapy session indicates that the coil system operates within safe temperature limits. This coil configuration can be used on mice to stimulate selective regions of the brain to study various neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.
Strengthening ceramic surfaces with the use of resin cements based on thiourethane oligomers (2020)

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of thiourethane (TU) additives on the flexural strength ( σ f ) and elastic modulus ( E f ) of a resin cement, and on a possible strengthening of ceramic restorations. Methods Two TUs (ARomatic and ALiphatic) were added at 0 (control—EC) or 20 wt% to photopolymerizable resin cements. RelyX Ultimate (RU) was the commercial control. Flexural strength ( σ f ) and elastic modulus ( E f ) of the cements were measured in three‐point bending ( n = 8). Biaxial flexural strength ( σ bf ) of ceramic discs with and without cement layering were determined using a ball‐on‐ring setup. The σ bf of cement‐coated specimens was calculated at positions z = 0 (ceramic surface, bonded interface) and z = − t 2 (cement surface above ring). Data were analyzed with one‐way ANOVA/Tukey test ( α = .05). Results σf of AR was significantly higher than for AL and RU, and E f was lower. The E f of RU was significantly higher than all other groups. At z = 0, all resin‐coated groups had higher σ bf . The σ bf of RU, AR, and AL were significantly higher than EC and unfilled resin group. At z = − t 2 , RU had significantly higher σ bf . Significance All resin cements were able to strengthen the ceramic, with the TU‐modified material presenting similar results to the commercial material.
Serotonergic modulation and irritable bowel syndrome (2001)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating disease, which is characterised by recurrent abdominal cramping and pain, and is associated with either constipation and/or diarrhoea. It is approximately twice as prevalent in women as it is in men and is among the most common gastrointestinal (GI) disorders encountered in primary care. The aetiology of the disease is poorly understood but may include motility dysregulation, visceral sensitivity, inflammation, bacterial infection, dietary antigens, psychological stress, GI surgery or a gut-brain phenomenon. At present, there is no acceptable treatment for IBS, although recent advances indicate that some relief may be achieved by the administration of compounds that act on 5-HT (serotonin) receptors. This suggestion is the result of numerous studies which have shown that 5-HT may exert a number of diverse effects on human GI tissues. In addition, it has emerged that the levels of the 5-HT metabolite (5-HIAA) are raised in the plasma of IBS patients and that administration of 5-HT-like compounds may mimic the symptoms of IBS. It has therefore been proposed that therapy with compounds that act at 5-HT receptors will return the intestine to normal activity and alleviate the pain experienced by these patients. One compound (alosetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) has already been released onto the market but showed benefit in female patients only and only in those whose primary symptom was diarrhoea. In addition, the compound was recently withdrawn following concerns over its safety. The reasons why alosetron only appears to show efficacy in females, why these treatments are only effective in a subset of the population of IBS patients and why alosetron elicits its particular side effect profile have not been elucidated. One further serotonergic compound, tegaserod (Zelmac, a 5-HT4 receptor agonist), has shown promise for the treatment of patients with constipation-predominant IBS and is currently in pre-registration for this indication. It is clear, however, that further research will have to take place before the utility of serotonergic modulation in the treatment of IBS can be fully validated.
SorCS2 controls functional expression of amino acid transporter EAAT3 to protect neurons from oxidative stress and epilepsy-induced pathology (2018)

SUMMARY The family of VPS10P domain receptors emerges as central regulator of intracellular protein sorting in neurons with relevance for various brain pathologies. Here, we identified a unique role for the family member SorCS2 in protection of neurons from oxidative stress and from epilepsy-induced cell death. We show that SorCS2 acts as sorting receptor that targets the neuronal amino acid transporter EAAT3 to the plasma membrane to facilitate import of cysteine, required for synthesis of the reactive oxygen species scavenger glutathione. Absence of SorCS2 activity causes aberrant transport of EAAT3 to lysosome for catabolism and impairs cysteine uptake. As a consequence, SorCS2-deficient mice exhibit oxidative brain damage that coincides with enhanced neuronal cell death and increased mortality during epilepsy. Our findings highlight a protective role for SorCS2 in neuronal stress response and provide an explanation for upregulation of the receptor seen in surviving neurons of the human epileptic brain.
Potencialidad del uso de la guadua angustifolia kunth para el refuerzo en tableros de cemento (2021)

The need for sustainable, environmentally friendly and energy efficient building materials have developed the interest in the investigation of cement composites reinforced with Guadua Angustifolia Kunth fibers. This plant is characterized by its good mechanical properties showing a high resistance to bending and compression, which is why it is known as vegetable steel. Although all Guadua culm is used in different regions of the country for the construction of houses, few studies have been developed for the use of its fibers as reinforcement. In this research, Guadua Angustifolia Kunth fibers obtained after an alkaline treatment were used as reinforcement in the production of cement composite boards. The alkaline treatment had three different cooking levels 1, 2 and 3 hours. 9 specimens were manufactured by the casting method with each of the treatment levels, in addition the evaluation of the mechanical properties was carried out at 7, 28 and 180 days of curing. The structural variation of the band associated with structural carbohydrates of the fibers was evaluated after the treatment, as well as the flexural response of the boards at 7, 28 and 180 days of curing was evaluated. It was observed that the treatment with Calcium Hydroxide reduces the content of non-cellulosic compounds and the inclusion of these fibers as reinforcement in cement boards generates materials with adequate mechanical properties for use in non-structural construction applications.
Intestinal trefoil factor (TFF 3) and pS2 (TFF 1), but not spasmolytic polypeptide (TFF 2) mRNAs are co-expressed in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human breast epithelium (1997)

pS2-TFF 1 is expressed in breast cancers and has been investigated as a potential prognostic factor reflecting oestrogen dependence. The relationship to the expression of other trefoil peptides, human spasmolytic polypeptide (hSP-TFF 2) and intestinal trefoil factor (hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3) is documented here. Fifty-seven breast specimens were selected from surgical pathology archives and included five normal breasts (two lactating), seven benign proliferative lesions, 11 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), three lobular carcinomas in situ (LCIS), 24 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), and seven invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC). The comparative distribution of trefoil mRNAs was assessed by in situ hybridization using 35S-labelled riboprobes and immunohistochemical staining for pS2-TFF 1 and hSP-TFF 2. pS2-TFF 1 and hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 mRNA were focally present at low signal intensity in normal and benign breast. Both pS2-TFF 1 and hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 were expressed in all DCIS, LCIS and ILC, and 21/24 IDC. Overall, expression patterns of pS2-TFF 1 and hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 coincided, but hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 mRNA was usually found in a greater proportion of cells. Expression of hSP-TFF 2 peptide or mRNA was not detected in any of these cases. MCF 7 breast carcinoma cells also expressed hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 and pS2-TFF 1 mRNAs but not hSP-TFF 2. hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 co-expression with pS2-TFF 1 may act as a prognostic factor, but also raises questions about the regulatory pathway for pS2-TFF 1 hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3. Trefoil factors have effects on cell motility and spreading in vitro, and co-expression of hITF/hPI.B-TFF 3 with pS2-TFF 1 could be functionally significant if they form a heterodimer or compete for receptor binding. Absence of hSP-TFF 2 expression may be of equal relevance to tumour cell biology.