gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Design Optimization of Magnetic-Feedback Control Using Amplitude Modulation (2009)

In offline AC-DC and high-voltage DC-DC power supplies, galvanic isolation between the input and output is often implemented with optocoupler feedback. However, several disadvantages exist when implementing optocoupler feedback, such as a variable loop gain due to optocoupler tolerance and sensitivity to temperature, as well as a relatively high cost. An alternative to optocoupler feedback is to use magnetic feedback, which can be designed to have insensitivity to component tolerance, and good temperature stability. Although magnetic feedback has been in use for many years, a detailed analysis and clear design procedure has not been presented in the literature. This paper presents a thorough analysis of a magnetic-feedback implementation, and provides a comprehensive design procedure that is verified on a 7-V/15-W experimental prototype.
Hydrolysis of Fish Oil by Lipases Immobilized Inside Porous Supports (2010)

Abstract A new assay was designed to measure the release of omega‐3 acids [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] from the hydrolysis of sardine oil by lipases immobilized inside porous supports. A biphasic system was used containing the fish oil dissolved in the organic phase and the immobilized lipase suspended in the aqueous phase. The assay was optimized by using a very active derivative of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) adsorbed onto octyl‐Sepharose. Standard reaction conditions were: (a) an organic phase composed by 30/70 (v:v) of oil in cyclohexane, (b) an aqueous phase containing 50 mM methyl‐cyclodextrin in 10 mM Tris buffer at pH 7.0. The whole reaction system was incubated at 25 °C. Under these conditions, up to 2% of the oil is partitioned into the aqueous phase and most of the 95% of released acids were partitioned into the organic phase. The organic phase was analyzed by RP‐HPLC (UV detection at 215 nm) and even very low concentrations (e.g., 0.05 mM) of released omega‐3 fatty acid could be detected with a precision higher than 99%. Three different lipases adsorbed on octyl‐Sepharose were compared: Candida antarctica lipase‐fraction B (CALB), Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase (TLL) and RML. The three enzyme derivatives were very active. However, most active and selective towards polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) versus oleic plus palmitic acids (a fourfold factor) was CALB. On the other hand, the most selective derivatives towards EPA versus DHA (a 4.5‐fold factor) were TLL and RML derivatives.
Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the trbABC region of the IncI1 Plasmid R64: existence of the pnd gene for plasmid maintenance within the transfer region (1996)

A 6.72-kb DNA sequence between the exc gene and the oriT operon within the transfer region of IncI1 plasmid R64 was sequenced and characterized. Three novel transfer genes, trbA, trbB, and trbC, were found in this region, along with the pnd gene responsible for plasmid maintenance. The trbABC genes appear to be organized into an operon located adjacent to the oriT operon in the opposite orientation. The trbA and trbC genes were shown to be indispensable for R64 plasmid transfer, while residual transfer activity was detected in the case of R64 derivatives carrying the trbB++ deletion mutation. The T7 RNA polymerase-promoter system revealed that the trbB gene produced a 43-kDa protein and the trbC gene produced an 85-kDa protein. The nucleotide sequence of the pnd gene is nearly identical to that of plasmid R483, indicating a function in plasmid maintenance. The plasmid stability test indicated that the mini-R64 derivatives with the pnd gene are more stably maintained in Escherichia coli cells under nonselective conditions than the mini-R64 derivatives without the pnd gene. It was also shown that the R64 transfer system itself is involved in plasmid stability to a certain degree. Deletion of the pnd gene from the tra+ mini-R64 derivative did not affect transfer frequency. DNA segments between the exc and trbA genes for IncI1 plasmids R64, Colb-P9, and R144 were compared in terms of their physical and genetic organization.
<title>Solutions for real-time visual tracking</title> (1992)

The purpose of this work has been to find solutions for reliable real-time monocular visual tracking. The goal is to estimate the relative motion of a camera with respect to a rigid 3-D scene by tracking features. In the beginning, the 3-D locations of the features are not known accurately, but during the tracking process these uncertainties are reduced through the integration of new observations. Most attention has been given to modeling measurement uncertainties and selecting the features to be extracted from image frames. The experimental system under implementation employs a bank of extended Kalman filtering based trackers each of which calculates estimates for location and motion using measurements of a few feature points at a time. The small number of points makes the trackers sensitive to various measurement errors, simplifying the detection of tracking failures, thereby giving potential for improving reliability. The preliminary experiments have been performed with satisfactory results for sequences of images at the rates of 22 to 35 frames per second.
Loss of Interleukin‐6 Blunts Glucagon Secretion During Hypoglycemia (2010)

We have shown that the glucagon response to lipopolysaccharide was blunted in interleukin 6 knock‐out (IL6 KO) mice. In this study, we investigated the effects of a non‐inflammatory stimulus on the glucagon response in IL6 KO mice. Chronically catheterized conscious male mice (C57BL6/j; 8–10 weeks old) were subjected to a 5‐hr fast, after which hypoglycemic clamps were performed. Insulin (10mU/kg/min) and glucose were infused to maintain arterial blood glucose between 50–70 mg/dl. Initial glucagon response was blunted in the IL6 KO mice compared to the wild‐type (WT) (213±74 vs. 867±294, pg/ml). Epinephrine was significantly higher in the IL6 KO mice compared to WT (1049±298 vs. 308±123, pg/ml). There was no significant difference in the insulin concentration, corticosteroids, and norepinephrine response. Perifused islets were also stimulated in vitro using hypoglycemia, epinephrine and arginine. There was no significant difference in the glucagon response between the islets from WT and IL6 KO mice. In summary, IL6 KO mice have an impaired glucagon response when subjected to a non‐ inflammatory stimulus in vivo , but the blunted response is not observed in islets in vitro . Since the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia was not blunted, IL6 may play a role in augmenting pancreatic autonomic tone during hypoglycemia. Funding: DK043748 , DK078188 and DK059637
Combined Insulin Pump Therapy with Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Significantly Improves Glycemic Control Compared to Multiple Daily Injection Therapy in Pump Naïve Patients with Type 1 Diabetes; Single Center Pilot Study Experience (2007)

Objectives: This study assessed the safety and clinical effectiveness of the training protocol for initiating insulin pump therapy with real-time continuous glucose monitoring (MiniMed Paradigm REAL-Time System) in a stepwise approach on pump naive subjects with type 1 diabetes compared to a control group who remained on multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy. Methods: This was a 15-week treat-to-target pilot study of 16 adult subjects (n = 50% male, age 45.9 ± 16 years) with type 1 diabetes (duration of diabetes 21.9 ± 11 years) on MDI therapy with hemoglobin A1c levels at or above 7.5% at baseline. Subjects were randomized to either the study arm (using a combined insulin pump and real-time continuous glucose monitoring system) or the control arm [which continued on MDI therapy with self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) only]. All subjects dosed insulin according to results of SMBG by finger stick and uploaded data into the CareLink data management software. Results: Significant improvements in glycemic control were observed from baseline in both study groups—study arm: pre-A1c 9.45 ± 0.55 and post-A1c 7.4 ± 0.66 ( p = 0.00037); control arm: pre-A1c 8.58 ± 1.30 and post-A1c 7.5 ±1.01 ( p = 0.04). Both arms had no incidence of severe hypoglycemia. Conclusion: In this pilot study, the Paradigm REAL-Time System was initiated safely and effectively in type 1 diabetes patients who were pump naïve using a stepwise educational protocol.
Identification and Characterization of NocR as a Positive Transcriptional Regulator of the β-Lactam Nocardicin A inNocardia uniformis (2008)

Nocardicin A is a monocyclic beta-lactam isolated from the actinomycete Nocardia uniformis, which shows moderate activity against a broad spectrum of gram-negative bacteria. Within the biosynthetic gene cluster of nocardicin A, nocR encodes a 583-amino-acid protein with high similarity to a class of transcriptional regulators known as streptomyces antibiotic regulatory proteins. Insertional inactivation of this gene resulted in a mutant showing morphology and growth characteristics similar to the wild type, but one that did not produce detectable levels of nocardicin A or the early precursor p-hydroxybenzoyl formate. Similar disruptions of nocD, nocE, and nocO yielded mutants that maintained production of nocardicin A at levels similar to the wild-type strain. In trans complementation of the nocR::apr mutant partially restored the wild-type phenotype. Transcriptional analysis of the nocR::apr mutant using reverse transcription-PCR found an absence of mRNA transcripts for the early-stage nocardicin A biosynthetic genes. In addition, transcription of the genes responsible for the biosynthesis of the nonproteinogenic p-hydroxyphenylglycine (pHPG) precursor was attenuated on the nocR disruption mutant. NocR was heterologously expressed and purified from Escherichia coli as an N-terminal maltose binding protein-tagged fusion protein. DNA binding assays demonstrated that NocR is a DNA binding protein, targeting the 126-bp intergenic region between nocF and nocA. Within this intergenic region is the likely binding motif, a direct hexameric repeat, TGATAA, with a 5-bp spacer. These experiments establish NocR as a positive transcriptional regulator of the nocardicin A biosynthetic pathway, coordinating the initial steps of nocardicin A biosynthesis to the production of its pHPG precursor.
Encrypted Storage of Medical Data on a Grid (2005)

The resulting architecture achieves our primary objective of making the storage of confidential data more secure without loosing the data sharing properties of the grid architecture. Furthermore our architecture is robust against breakdowns and denial of service attacks. It scales well with the number of users and does not introduce a single point of failure into the system.
Imaging studies for acute low back pain (1999)

Acute low back pain is generally a self-limited condition, and most patients recover within a few weeks without the need for imaging studies. However, physicians need to be on the lookout for red flags that point to more serious conditions, such as infection or malignancy, which require imaging. In this article, the authors identify these warning signs and discuss the appropriate use of imaging studies for a variety of symptoms and conditions.
supplemental methods from D-2-Hydroxyglutarate Is an Intercellular Mediator in IDH-Mutant Gliomas Inhibiting Complement and T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;details of methods and materials&lt;/p&gt;
The Multiple Faces of the Decidual Natural Killer Cell (2013)

The decidual NK (dNK) cell is called on to support placental growth by providing an array of growth factors that directly transform the spiral artery and direct trophoblast invasion. Successful transformation is dependent upon adequate stimulation paradoxically stimulating the cell for placental support rather than cytotoxicity. With the identification of its supportive role, the presence of an intact cytotoxic mechanism has been confusing. Investigators have found that the cell remains fully capable of cytotoxic responses particularly in response to pathogen-specific signals. We postulate a dual threshold model where moderate stimulation results in release of stimulatory factors supporting placentation while intense stimulation, particularly triggered through pathogen-specific receptors, restores the cell to its protective, cytotoxic, role. Individual dNK cells mature attaining the capacity to respond to the delivery of cognate signals. The process, known as 'licensing' tunes responsiveness to the degree to which stochastically selected inhibitory receptors block cytotoxic response to self. A changing licensing milieu within the decidua may result in altered and unsuitable receptor expression. We postulate that a heterogeneous population of dNK cells where cells inappropriately licensed for the milieu contributes to pathology.
Vue d'ensemble sur la rhéologie des magmas silicatés naturels (1969)

The results of viscosity measurements concerning melted rocks and natural glasses may be interpreted by the same model as used for binary glasses SiO₂-M₂O. At a given temperature, the viscosity rj depends on the percentage of broken bonds between the tetrahedra of the aluminosilicate structure (R). The relations are of the form η = k /R[m], and may be applied to granitic glasses as well as to molten basalts, to anhydrous melts as well as to hydrated magmas. Diagrams are given between 800° C and 1400° C, which account for the main rheological properties of natural materials, and they may be used to estimate the viscosity of any silicate melt, if one knows its chemical composition, its water content, and its temperature, in the range 10² to 10¹⁵ poises, with an error of about an order of magnitude.
Impact of near-cloud boundaries on radiometric performance of imaging sounders: an examination of FTS and dispersive spectrometer error sources (2011)

Meteorological sounding data provided by atmospheric imaging sounders have applications in weather forecasting, atmospheric chemistry, and climate monitoring. Realistic scenes for these instruments vary in both spatial and spectral content and such variations can impact the radiometric performance of these instruments. As sounders are developed to provide climate records with demanding long-term radiometric accuracy requirements, it becomes increasingly important to understand the effect of scene variations on the performance of these instruments. We have examined the noise performance and radiometric accuracy of two geostationary sounder architectures in cloudy scenes: a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and a dispersive spectrometer. Factors such as stray light, ghosting, scattering, and line-ofsight jitter in the presence of scene inhomogeneities are considered. For each sounder architecture, quantitative estimates of the radiometric errors associated with sounding in cloudy scenes are made. We find that in a dispersive system the dominant error in a cloudy scene originates from ghosting within the instrument, while in an FTS the dominant error originates from scene modulation created by line-of-sight jitter in a partially cloudy scene coupling into signal modulation over the scale of the changing optical path length of the interferometer. In this paper we describe the assumptions made and the modeling performed. We also describe how each factor influences the radiometric performance for that architecture.
hERG1 Potassium Channel Expression in Colorectal Adenomas: Comparison with Other Preneoplastic Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract (2022)

Preneoplastic lesions represent a useful target for early diagnosis and follow-up of gastrointestinal malignancies. hERG1 channel expression was tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a cohort of colorectal adenoma samples belonging to Italian subjects. Overall, hERG1 was expressed in 56.5% of cases with both high staining intensity and a high percentage of positive cells. Moreover, hERG1 was expressed in a higher percentage of dysplastic adenomas with respect to hyperplastic lesions, and the proportion of positive samples further increased in patients with high-grade dysplasia. Comparing hERG1 expression in other preneoplastic lesions of the GI tract (gastric dysplasia and Barrett's esophagus), it emerged that in all the conditions, hERG1 was expressed with a diffused pattern, throughout the cell, with variable staining intensity within the samples. The highest expression was detected in gastric dysplasia samples and the lowest in Barrett's esophagus at similar levels observed in colorectal adenomas. Our results show that hERG1 is aberrantly expressed in human preneoplastic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and has a different pattern of expression and role in the different sites. Overall, the detection of hERG1 expression in preneoplastic lesions could represent a novel diagnostic or prognostic marker of progression in the gastrointestinal tract.
Pedimap: Software for the Visualization of Genetic and Phenotypic Data in Pedigrees (2012)

Pedimap is a user-friendly software tool for visualizing phenotypic and genotypic data for related individuals linked in pedigrees. Genetic data can include marker scores, Identity-by-Descent probabilities, and marker linkage map positions, allowing the visualization of haplotypes through lineages. The pedigrees can accommodate all types of inheritance, including selfing, cloning, and repeated backcrossing, and all ploidy levels are supported. Visual association of the genetic data with phenotypic data simplifies the exploration of large data sets, thereby improving breeding decision making. Data are imported from text files; in addition data exchange with other software packages (FlexQTL(TM) and GenomeStudio(TM)) is possible. Instructions for use and an executable version compatible with the Windows platform are available for free from http://www.plantbreeding.wur.nl/UK/software_pedimap.html.
Impulse Measurements of Electric Solid Propellant in an Electrothermal Ablation-Fed Pulsed Plasma Thruster (2019)

Electric solid propellants are advanced solid chemical rocket propellants that can be controlled (ignited, throttled and extinguished) through the application and removal of an electric current. These propellants are also being considered for use in the ablative pulsed plasma thruster. In this paper, the performance of an electric solid propellant operating in an electrothermal ablation-fed pulsed plasma thruster was investigated using an inverted pendulum micro-Newton thrust stand. The impulse bit and specific impulse of the device using the electric solid propellant were measured for short-duration test runs of 100 pulses and longer-duration runs to end-of-life, at energy levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 J. Also, the device was operated using the current state-of-the-art ablation-fed pulsed plasma thruster propellant, polytetrafluoroethylene or PTFE. Impulse bit measurements for PTFE indicate 100±20 μN-s at an initial energy level of 5 J, which increases linearly by ~30 μN-s/J with increased initial energy. Measurements of the impulse bit for the electric solid propellant are on average lower than PTFE by 10% or less. Specific impulse for when operating on PTFE is calculated to be about 450 s compared to 225 s for the electric solid propellant. The 50% reduction in specific impulse is due to increased mass ablated during operation with the electric solid propellant relative to PTFE.
Nearest Neighbor Voting in High-Dimensional Data: Learning from Past Occurrences (2011)

Hub ness is a recently described aspect of the curse of dimensionality inherent to nearest-neighbor methods. In this paper we present a new approach for exploiting the hub ness phenomenon in k-nearest neighbor classification. We argue that some of the neighbor occurrences carry more information than others, by the virtue of being less frequent events. This observation is related to the hub ness phenomenon and we explore how it affects high-dimensional k-nearest neighbor classification. We propose a new algorithm, Hub ness Information k-Nearest Neighbor (HIKNN), which introduces the k-occurrence informativeness into the hub ness-aware k-nearest neighbor voting framework. Our evaluation on high-dimensional data shows significant improvements over both the basic k-nearest neighbor approach and all previously used hub ness-aware approaches.
Hyperoxia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome: where is the data? (2010)

first 24 hours in the ICU. The median length of ICU stay was 4 days. The authors reported a mortality rate of 69% in the hyperoxia groups (95% CI, 65%-72%), compared to 57% in the hypoxia group (95% CI, 56%-59%) and 50% in the normoxia group (95% CI, 48%-52%).
Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Environmental Barrier Coatings for All-Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites (2008)

All-oxide ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are promising candidates for structural components in key high-temperature applications, e. g. gas turbines and jet engines. Although inherently oxidation resistant, these materials are prone to corrosive attack by water vapor and other species in the combustion atmosphere. This drawback can be overcome by environmental barrier coatings (EBC) produced via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), currently being under investigation at IOT. MOCVD is a convenient route to produce coatings at intermediate vacuum conditions with high deposition rates (up to 100 microns/h) and particularly advantageous for coating of complex shaped substrates. EBCs based on yttrium-aluminates are considered to exhibit high corrosion resistance in hot gas environment WHIPOX-type CMCs provided by DLR were coated by MOCVD using yttrium- and aluminum-β-diketonates. Prior to EBC deposition a bond coat was applied to substrate surfaces in order to assure good adhesion and uniform layer thickness. The coating thickness, crystallinity and morphology were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
High Prevalence of Radiological Vertebral Fractures in Women on Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone–Suppressive Therapy for Thyroid Carcinoma (2017)

The prevalence of VFs was high in women with DTC who were undergoing long-term, suppressive L-T4 therapy.
Delays during the administration of acetylcysteine for the treatment of paracetamol overdose (2016)

Long delays were identified during the three-infusion acetylcysteine regimen for the treatment of paracetamol overdose. These were of clinical significance and could lead to periods of subtherapeutic plasma acetylcysteine concentrations and potentially avoidable hepatotoxicity, as well as delaying hospital discharge.
On the optimal measurement of conversion gain in the presence of dark noise (2022)

Working from a model of Gaussian pixel noise, we present and unify over 25 years of developments in the statistical analysis of the photon transfer conversion gain measurement. We then study a two-sample estimator of the conversion gain that accounts for the general case of non-negligible dark noise. The moments of this estimator are ill-defined (their integral representations diverge), and so we propose a method for assigning pseudomoments, which are shown to agree with actual sample moments under mild conditions. A definition of optimal sample size pairs for this two-sample estimator is proposed and used to find approximate optimal sample size pairs that allow experimenters to achieve a predetermined measurement uncertainty with as little data as possible. The conditions under which these approximations hold are also discussed. Design and control of experiment procedures are developed and used to optimally estimate a per-pixel conversion gain map of a real image sensor. Experimental results show excellent agreement with theoretical predictions and are backed up with Monte Carlo simulation. The per-pixel conversion gain estimates are then applied in a demonstration of per-pixel read noise estimation of the same image sensor. The results of this work open the door to a comprehensive pixel-level adaptation of the photon transfer method.