gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outcome in Elderly Patients Undergoing Primary Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction (2004)

Background— Biological age is a strong determinant of prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We sought to examine the impact of age after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in AMI and to determine whether routine coronary stent implantation and/or platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in elderly patients after primary angioplasty. Methods and Results— In the CADILLAC trial, 2082 patients with AMI were randomized to balloon angioplasty, angioplasty plus abciximab, stenting alone, or stenting plus abciximab. No patient was excluded on the basis of advanced age; patients ranging from 21 to 95 years of age were enrolled. One-year mortality increased for each decile of age, exponentially after 65 years of age (1.6% for patients &lt;55 years, 2.1% for 55 to 65 years, 7.1% for 65 to 75 years, 11.1% for patients &gt;75 years; P &lt;0.0001). Elderly patients also had increased rates of stroke and major bleeding compared with their younger counterparts. Among elderly patients (≥65 years), 1-year rates of ischemic target revascularization (7.0% versus 17.6%; P &lt;0.0001) and subacute or late thrombosis (0% versus 2.2%; P =0.005) were reduced with stenting compared with balloon angioplasty. Routine abciximab administration, although safe, was not of definite benefit in elderly patients. Rates of mortality, reinfarction, disabling stroke, and major bleeding in the elderly were independent of reperfusion modality. Conclusions— Despite contemporary mechanical reperfusion strategies, mortality, major bleeding, and stroke rates remain high in elderly patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention, outcomes that are not affected by stents or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. By reducing restenosis, however, stent implantation improves clinical outcomes in elderly patients with AMI.
Epithelial glycoprotein-330 mediates endocytosis of plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 complexes (1993)

Epithelial glycoprotein 330 (gp330) is structurally similar to the multifunctional alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2MR/LRP), gp330 and alpha 2MR/LRP bind Ca2+ with high affinity, and both receptors bind and mediate endocytosis of alpha 2MR-associated protein (RAP). In the present report, we describe that affinity-purified gp330 from rabbit renal cortex binds plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) complexed with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). alpha 2M-methylamine, which binds with high affinity to alpha 2MR/LRP, did not bind to gp330. The apparent Kd for binding of uPA.PAI-1 complexes was about 0.8 nM at 4 degrees C. The binding was calcium-dependent and inhibited by recombinant RAP (rRAP) and tissue type plasminogen activator-PAI-1 complexes. Thin sections of rabbit renal proximal tubules bound 125I-labeled uPA.PAI-1 and rRAP in the apical part of proximal tubules corresponding to the localization of gp330. The binding of 125I-uPA.PAI-1 complexes in tubules was abolished by excess unlabeled rRAP, and a rRAP-inhibitable endocytosis and degradation of labeled uPA.PAI-1 complexes was demonstrated by perfusion of isolated rabbit proximal tubules. The results establish an endocytotic function of gp330 and suggest that gp330 is an important component of the fibrinolytic system in gp330-containing epithelial as found in, for example, kidney and lung.
Process for the treatment of lignocellulosic biomass (2011)

The invention is directed to a process for the treatment of lignocellulosic biomass to recover one or more components or derivatives of components thereof, said process comprising treating said biomass at a temperature of at least 75 DEG C in a mixture of an ionic liquid and an organic acid, thereby producing a treatment mixture containing cellulose and wherein cellulose is precipitated from the said treatment mixture with an organic alcohol or water, and optionally separated therefrom.
Energía fotovoltaica: experimentos de laboratorio con células solares (2013)

Memoria ID-220. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014.
Review: Thermal Debinding Process in Particulate Materials Processing (2011)

Developing a rapid and efficient method for removing polymers (termed binders) from a shaped powder component, know as a green body, is important to forming defect-free metal, ceramic, and cermet structures. The rapid growth in powder injection molding to form complex shapes at high precision in large quantities has increased the need for faster, cleaner, and cheaper polymer removal processes. Binder removal using controlled heating of the component in gaseous atmosphere is the most popular method. This thermal debinding or burnout process is a delicate process, since it is easy to crack, blister, slump, or otherwise damage the component with an improperly designed cycle. To avoid these issues, often long heating cycles are used to remove the binder, but with a loss of productivity. Considerable progress has been made over the past several decades in understanding various phenomena during polymer burnout, resulting in substantial reduction in the thermal debinding time. This article provides an overview of the research carried out on thermal debinding process (primarily from powder injection molded samples) with major emphasis on progress reported over the last fifteen years. This review article proposes a model to predict the formation of defects during all stages of thermal debinding and suggests future research direction in the field.
Rapid Retrofit and Strengthening of Bridge Components (2019)

Rapid repair of damaged or deteriorated concrete bridge components will prevent the entire bridge from suffering irreversible damage in the future due to gradual spalling of concrete or corrosion of exposed steel. CFRP laminates and fabrics have become popular for repairing and strengthening of concrete girders. A series of CFRP materials — branded CatStrong — specifically designed for the repair and retrofit of bridges was developed at the Kentucky Transportation Center and the University of Kentucky. These materials include the CFRP Rod Panels (CatStrong CRPs), Unidirectional and Triaxial Carbon Fabric (CatStrong UCF and TCF), and Triaxial Carbon Wrap (CatStrong TCW). This study documented the implementation of CFRP materials to rapidly repair/strengthen six bridges in Kentucky. Three of the retrofit projects utilized CatStrong CRPs for strengthening reinforced concrete bridge girders. Because the CRPs have modular construction, they can easily be applied by a by a single worker, eliminating the need for extensive scaffolding/access equipment and a large work force. As such, the construction costs related to panel application is less than those for other retrofit measures. CatStrong TCW, combined with CatStrong TCF, was deployed for the repair and strengthening of deteriorated timber piles. The remaining two projects involved the use of CatStrong UCF and TCF for strengthening cracked prestressed concrete girder ends and strengthening a cracked bridge pier cap. Each bridge retrofit project was carried out by Kentucky Transportation Cabinet bridge maintenance crews. The crews were trained on the use and application of the new material. Design and construction specifications for the CatStrong CRPs were also developed as part of the study. This study will implement these new CFRP materials to rapidly repair/strengthen six selected bridges in Kentucky. Three of the retrofit projects utilized CatStrong CRPs for strengthening Reinforced Concrete (RC) bridge girders. The modular construction of the CRPs allows for easy application by a single worker without the need for extensive scaffolding/access equipment and a large work force. Consequently, application of the panels reduces construction costs when compared with other FRP retrofit measures. The CatStrong TCW, combined with CatStrong TCF, was deployed for the repair and strengthening of deteriorated timber piles. The remaining two projects involved the use of CatStrong UCF and TCF for strengthening cracked Prestressed Concrete (PC) girder ends and strengthening a cracked bridge pier cap. Each bridge retrofit project was carried out by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) bridge maintenance crew of the respective KYTC district. The crews were trained on the use and application of the new material. Design and Construction Specifications for the CatStrong CRPs were also developed as part of the study.
Objective evaluation of subjective decisions (2003)

The Dempster-Shafer "theory of evidence" encompasses and extends the Bayes theorem-based decision making machinery. Dempster-Shafer's innovation is the introduction of lower and upper bounds, designated "belief" and "plausibility", that are attached to probability estimates. The Dempster-Shafer algebra provides for propagation and reasoning about these quantities according to an algebra whose outcome phenomenologically mimics human decision making in many contexts that are laden with quantitative uncertainty. The approach's decision seem to be subjective, i.e., the product of a sentient mind, vs. objective, i.e., the mechanical outcome of an immutable algorithm. In this paper, we address the "objective evaluation of subjective decisions" in particular with the Dempster-Shafer sort of "subjective" decision making algorithm in mind. As an initial baseline approach, we examine the "receiver operating characteristic" (ROC) graph. We regard this as a first step towards identifying in advance circumstances under which Dempster-Shafer-like approaches should and should not be expected to deliver results that pass the human "sanity test".
Autoantibodies against CYP-2C19: A Novel Serum Marker in Pediatric De Novo Autoimmune Hepatitis? (2017)

Diagnosis of de novo autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is challenging especially in the absence of hyper-<i>γ</i>-globulinemia. Circulating autoantibodies are not sensitive nor specific in de novo AIH but when positive increase the diagnostic probability. We report the discovery of novel liver microsomal (LM) autoantibodies against CYP-2C19 in a 9-year-old boy with "de novo" AIH developed 7 years after OLT. Graft dysfunction presented with hypertransaminasemia (up to 400 IU/L), while serum <i>γ</i>-globulins remained within the normal range for age. Liver histology and response to high dose prednisone (2 mg/kg/day) with the addition of azathioprine therapy further supported the diagnosis of de novo AIH. Autoantibodies investigation by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) on rodent tissues showed a novel staining pattern involving the pericentral liver zone and sparing the renal tissue. Human but not rat liver proteins immunoblotting allowed us to characterize the novel LM antibodies and to identify CYP-2C19 as human antigen. The finding offers insights into the controversial discussion about autoimmunity versus alloreactivity with regard to the pathogenesis of de novo AIH. Correct information on human versus rat tissue antigens tested by methods other than IF for antibodies detection may have significant implications for the correct diagnosis and management of patients followed up after OLT.
ChemInform Abstract: LiSrGe2 and LiBaGe2: One‐Dimensional Chains of ∞1[Ge2]3‐ in an Unusual Conformation. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
How Reaction Conditions May Influence the Regioselectivity in the Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzoxathiine Derivatives (2018)

The exploration of different reaction conditions aiming to obtain both 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxathiine-2-yl derivatives and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxathiine-3-yl ones is reported. The treatment of 1,2-mercaptophenol with an organic base and a specific 2-bromo acrylate results in a solvent- and substrate-dependent exclusive solvation of O- and S-anions, thus managing the regioselectivity.
Dietary Fats and the Gut Microbiota: Their impacts on lipid-induced metabolic syndrome (2022)

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) produces low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, oxidative stress and ultimately contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Fatty acids such as n-3 and n-6, monounsaturated, conjugated, highly unsaturated, short-chain types, and their metabolism can impact the development of MetS and associated features. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of dietary fats can influence gut microbiota composition that alters an individual's metabolic health. The gut microbiota modulates components of MetS via different mechanisms. The gut microbiota can swing the host metabolic balance in energy homeostasis, gut motility, appetite, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and fat storage in the liver. In addition, an impairment of the gut microbial population by a high-fat diet can lead to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. The review summarizes the impacts of dietary fats on MetS and their interactions with gut microbiota in modulating the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. .
Intrahepatic assembly of very low density lipoprotein. Competition by cholesterol esters for the hydrophobic core. (1982)

Cultured rat hepatocytes maintained in a chemically defined medium were used to examine the mechanism through which cholesterol feeding alters the core lipid components of de novo synthesized very low density lipoprotein (VLDL).Hepatocytes obtained from rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet secreted VLDL which contained less triacylglycerol (-30%) and more cholesterol ester (+4-fold) compared to hepatocytes from chow-fed controls.These changes in the core lipid composition of de novo synthesized VLDL were similar to changes observed in serum VLDL obtained from donor rats.Cholesterol feeding also markedly affected the concentration of hepatocyte neutral lipids: triacylglycerol (11fold increase) and cholesterol ester (67-fold increase).Transmission electron microscopy showed a dramatic accumulation of non-membrane-bound lipid in hepatocytes from cholesterol-fed rats.Biosynthetic studies using [3HJglycerol and ['HIZO demonstrated that hepatocytes from cholesterol-fed rats synthesized more [ ' H I triacylglycerol(ll7 and 129% of control, respectively), yet they secreted 23 and 46% less, respectively, into the medium.The possibility that cholesterol ester competes with triacylglycerol for secretion as a component of the VLDL core was investigated by adding mevalonic acid to the culture medium to increase cholesterol ester synthesis.After 22 h, mevalonic acid inhibited C3HItriacylglycerol secretion by 80% and caused a slight accumulation of [3HItriacylglycerol within the hepatocyte.Additional studies in which mevalonic acid and oleic acid were added to the culture medium to stimulate the synthesis of cholesterol ester and triacylglycerol showed that the mole ratio of these two core lipids in secreted VLDL varied as a linear function of the same mole ratio of hepatocyte neutral lipids (r = 0.91, slope = 0 .4 7 , ~ c 0.01).These results show that the neutral lipid composition within the hepatocyte dictates the core lipid composition of de novo synthesized VLDL.Very low density lipoprotein is the major lipid secretory product of the liver.It consists of a monolayer shell of phospholipid and free cholesterol surrounding a neutral lipid core composed largely of cholesterol esters and triacylglycerol (1).Specific apolipoproteins which are mainly located within the surface monolayer are required both for secretion and regulation of subsequent metabolism (2).The factors responsible for regulating the synthesis and assembly of the individual
Osteoclasts Are Present in gp130-Deficient Mice* (1997)

Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M similarly induce osteoclast formation in cocultures of osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells. These cytokines share a common signal transducer, gp130, which forms a receptor complex with the specific receptor for each cytokine. To investigate the role of gp130 in osteoclast development, we examined bone tissues in gp130-deficient and wild-type newborn mice of the ICR background. Soft x-ray radiographs and microfocus x-ray computed tomographs revealed that bone marrow cavities were present in tibiae and radii of both wild-type and gp130-deficient mice. Microfocus x-ray computed tomography and histological examination demonstrated a decrease in the amount of trabeculae at the metaphysial region in tibiae and radii of the gp130-deficient mice compared with the wild-type mice. The number ofosteoclasts in gp130-deficient mice was about double that in the wild-type mice. There were no apparent differences in the distributions of alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoblasts and the osteoid surface on the trabecular bone at the metaphysial region between the wild-type and gp130-deficient mice. The volume of mineralized trabecular bones was also decreased at mandibulae, accompanied by the increased number of osteoclasts in gp130-deficient mice compared with the wild-type and heterozygous mice. These results suggest that the formation of osteoclasts is not solely dependent on gp130 signaling, at least during fetal development. The osteoclastic bone resorption in gp130-deficient mice may be caused by the functional redundancy of bone-resorbing hormones and cytokines other than those of the IL-6 family.
ChemInform Abstract: REFINING OF GALLIUM USING GALLIUM BETA‐ALUMINA (1980)

Abstract Das Raffinieren von Ga kann durch elektrochemisch bewirkten Durchgang durch eine Membran aus der Ga‐Form von β‐Al 2 O 3 erfolgen.
A Simple Sign-Bit Probabilistic Shaping Scheme (2022)

We propose a new shaping scheme for the Gaussian channel whose complexity is approximately half the one of a binary distribution matcher (DM). The result is obtained as follows: We first show that most of the shaping gain can be obtained via a simplified version of sign-bit shaping, which uses only two non-uniform binary sources. This is achieved by considering a stepwise Maxwell-Boltzmann-like distribution of the symbols. One of the two binary sources has a parameter <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> close to 0. Hence, we then describe a binary DM which explicitly takes advantage of this aspect and has a negligible complexity. Since the two binary sources are used alternately with equal probability, the complexity of the proposed shaping scheme is half the one of the second binary DM.
Mathematical Theory of the Differential Analyzer (2009)

<P>This chapter contains sections titled: <UL> <LI> <P>Introduction</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Fundamental Solvability Condition</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Generation of Functions</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Systems of Equations</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Approximation of Factors with Gear Ratios</P> </LI> <LI> <P>Automatic Speed Control</P> </LI> <LI> <P>References</P> </LI> </UL> </P>
Pulmonary blood flow and ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity (1991)

We studied the independent influence of changes in perfusion on pulmonary gas exchange in the left lower lobe (LLL) of anesthetized dogs. Blood flow to the LLL (QLLL) was raised 50% (increased QLLL) or reduced 50% (decreased QLLL) from baseline by partial occlusion of the right or left pulmonary artery, respectively. Minute ventilation and alveolar PCO2 of the LLL remained constant throughout the study. We determined ventilation-perfusion distributions of the LLL using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. Increased QLLL impaired LLL pulmonary gas exchange. All dispersion indexes and all arterial-alveolar difference areas increased (P less than 0.01). Decreased QLLL increased the log standard deviation of the perfusion distribution (P less than 0.05) and reduced the log standard deviation of the ventilation distribution (P less than 0.01) but did not affect the dispersion indexes or alveolar-arterial difference areas. We conclude that ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity is increased by independent changes in perfusion from normal baseline blood flow, even when ventilation and alveolar gas composition remain constant.
An algorithmic solution for computing circle intersection areas and its applications to wireless communications (2012)

ABSTRACT A novel iterative algorithm for the efficient computation of the intersection areas of an arbitrary number of circles is presented. The algorithm, on the basis of a trellis structure, hinges on two geometric results, which allow the existence check and the computation of the area of the intersection regions generated by more than three circles by simple algebraic manipulations of the intersection areas of a smaller number of circles. The presented algorithm is a powerful tool for the performance analysis of wireless networks and finds many applications, ranging from sensor to cellular networks. As an example of practical application, an insightful study of the uplink outage probability in a wireless network with cooperative access points as a function of the transmission power and access point density is presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Insulin ActionsIn Vivo: Glucose Metabolism (2004)

Abstract Catheter techniques and tracer methodology employed for the study of glucose metabolism in vivo are presented in detail in order to define concepts, qualify interpretation, and outline limitations. Origin, total‐body, and regional uptake and main intracellular routes of disposition for circulating glucose are described separately for the basal and fed state, with punctual indication of the action of insulin on these processes. The physiology of the glucose/insulin system is recapitulated into points of clinical interest.
Plasma and synovial fluid concentrations of salicylic acid and its metabolites in patients with joint effusions. (1985)

Equilibration of salicylic, salicyluric and gentisic acids between plasma and synovial fluid (SF) was measured in 36 patients receiving chronic salicylate therapy and from whom SF was required for diagnostic purposes. Gentisic and salicyluric acids equilibrated completely, while SF salicylic acid concentration was less than that in plasma. The presence of significant gentisic acid concentrations in SF could contribute to the therapeutic response to chronic salicylate therapy, since its antiinflammatory effect is even greater than that of acetylsalicylic acid.
Engineered coatings for titanium implants to present ultra-low doses of BMP-7 (2018)

The ongoing research to improve the clinical outcome of titanium implants has resulted in the implemetation of multiple approches to deliver osteogenic growth factors accelerating and sustaining osseointegration. Here we show the presentation of human bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) adsorbed to titanium discs coated with poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA). We have previously shown that PEA promotes fibronectin organization into nanonetworks exposing integrin- and growth-factor-binding domains, allowing a synergistic interaction at the integrin/growth factor receptor level. Here, titanium discs were coated with PEA and fibronectin and then decorated with ng/mL doses of BMP-7. Human mesenchymal stem cells were used to investigate cellular responses on these functionalized microenvironments. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, as well as osteogenic markers expression (osteopontin and osteocalcin) revealed the ability of the system to be more potent in osteodifferentiation of the mesenchymal cells than combinations of titanium and BMP-7 in absence of PEA coatings. This work represents a novel strategy to improve the biological activity of titanium implants with BMP-7.