gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Fatty Acid Oxidation Is an Adaptive Survival Pathway Induced in Prostate Tumors by HSP90 Inhibition (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;HSP90 is a molecular chaperone required for stabilization and activation of hundreds of client proteins, including many known oncoproteins. AUY922 (luminespib), a new-generation HSP90 inhibitor, exhibits potent preclinical efficacy against several cancer types including prostate cancer. However, clinical use of HSP90 inhibitors for prostate cancer has been limited by toxicity and treatment resistance. Here, we aimed to design an effective combinatorial therapeutic regimen that utilizes subtoxic doses of AUY922, by identifying potential survival pathways induced by AUY922 in clinical prostate tumors. We conducted a proteomic analysis of 30 patient-derived explants (PDE) cultured in the absence and presence of AUY922, using quantitative mass spectrometry. AUY922 significantly increased the abundance of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism in the PDEs. Consistent with these findings, AUY922-treated prostate cancer cell lines exhibited increased mitochondrial mass and activated fatty acid metabolism processes. We hypothesized that activation of fatty acid oxidation is a potential adaptive response to AUY922 treatment and that cotargeting this process will sensitize prostate cancer cells to HSP90 inhibition. Combination treatment of AUY922 with a clinical inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, perhexiline, synergistically decreased viability of several prostate cancer cell lines, and had significant efficacy in PDEs. The novel drug combination treatment induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, and attenuated the heat shock response, a known mediator of HSP90 treatment resistance. This combination warrants further preclinical and clinical investigation as a novel strategy to overcome resistance to HSP90 inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;Implications:&lt;p&gt;Metabolic pathways induced in tumor cells by therapeutic agents may be critical, but targetable, mediators of treatment resistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Lattice design for the future ERL-based electron hadron colliders eRHIC and LHeC (2011)

We present a lattice design of a CW Electron Recovery Linacs (ERL) for future electron hadron colliders eRHIC and LHeC. In eRHIC, an six-pass ERL installed in the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) tunnel will collide 5-30 GeV polarized electrons with RHIC's 50-250 (325) GeV polarized protons or 20-100 (130) GeV/u heavy ions. In LHeC a stand-along, 3-pass 60 GeV CW ERL will collide polarized electrons with 7 TeV protons. After collision, electron beam energy is recovered and electrons are dumped at low energy. Two superconducting linacs are located in the two straight sections in both ERLs. The multiple arcs are made of Flexible Momentum Compaction lattice (FMC) allowing adjustable momentum compaction for electrons with different energies. The multiple arcs, placed above each other, are matched to the two linac's straight sections with splitters and combiners.
Basic Performance Tests of the MILL Intravascular CO2 Removal Catheter (2018)

Currently available treatment methods for acute lung failure show high rates of complications. There is an urgent need for alternative treatment methods. A catheter device which can be minimal invasively inserted into the vena cava for intracorporeal gas exchange was developed. Main components of the device are a drive unit and a membrane module. In this study, the flow behavior in a vena cava model with inserted catheter prototype was investigated in experiments and basic computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. Main findings are that the miniature blood pump has suitable characteristics and generates sufficient power to overcome the pressure drop induced in the membrane module, and that the design of the membrane outlet might be critical to avoid additional pressure losses. Parts manufactured with a high resolution 3D printer have proven to be suitable for the prototyping process.
Effect of Routine Sterile Gloving on Contamination Rates in Blood Culture (2011)

The effectiveness of sterile gloves in reducing blood culture contamination is uncertain, and some protocols recommend their use and others do not. This trial randomly assigned 64 medical housestaf...
Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of retained intravitreal lens fragments after cataract surgery (2002)

Ocular complications with poor visual outcome can occur after removal of intravitreal retained lens fragments complicating cataract surgery.
Requirements for a Standard Test to Rate the Durability of PV Modules at System Voltage (2011)

Degradation modes in photovoltaic modules under system bias voltage stress are described and classified.
Identification of a 34 Amino Acid Stretch within the C-Terminus of Histone H1 As the DNA-Condensing Domain by Site-Directed Mutagenesis (2002)

The C-terminus of histone H1 is necessary for the folding of polynucleosomal arrays into higher-order structure(s) and contains octapeptide repeats each having DNA binding S/TPKK motifs. These repeat motifs were earlier shown to mimic the DNA/chromatin-condensing properties of the C-terminus of histone H1 (Khadake, J. R., and Rao, M. R. S. (1995) Biochemistry 36, 1041-1051). In the present study, we have generated a series of C-terminal mutants of rat histone H1d and studied their DNA-condensation properties. The single proline to alanine mutation in the S/TPKK motifs either singly or in combination resulted in only a 20% decrease in the DNA-condensation property of histone H1. Deletion of all the three S/TPKK motifs resulted in a 45% decrease in DNA condensation. When the three octapeptide repeats encompassing the S/TPKK motifs were deleted, there was again a 45% decrease in DNA condensation. On the other hand, when the entire 34 amino acid stretch (residue 145-178) was deleted, there was nearly a 90% decrease in DNA condensation brought about by histone H1d. Interestingly, deletion of the 10 amino acid spacer between the octapeptide repeats (residues 161-170) also reduced the DNA condensation by 70%. Deletion of the region (residues 115-141) immediately before the 34 amino acid stretch and after the globular domain and the region (residues 184-218) immediately after the 34 amino acid stretch had only a marginal effect on DNA condensation. The importance of the 34 amino acid stretch, including the 10 amino acid spacer, was also demonstrated with the recombinant histone H1d C-terminus. We have also determined the induced alpha-helicity of histone H1 and its various mutants in the presence of 60% trifluoroethanol, and the experimentally determined induced helical contents agree with the theoretical predictions of secondary structural elements in the C-terminus of histone H1d. Thus, we have identified a 34 amino acid stretch in the C-terminus of histone H1d as the DNA-condensing domain.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015)

Bariatric surgery in obese T1DM patients is associated with a significant improvement in insulin requirement and a significant though modest effect on HbA1c. These early results require further substantiation with future studies focusing on higher levels of evidence. This may offer a deeper understanding of diabetogenesis and can contribute to better selection and stratification of diabetic patients for metabolic surgery and future metabolic treatment strategies.
Genomic Breakpoints’ Characterization of a Large CHEK2 Duplication in an Italian Family with Hereditary Breast Cancer (2022)

<i>CHEK2</i> (checkpoint kinase 2; MIM# 604373) is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes a serine threonine kinase involved in pathways such as DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, mitosis, and apoptosis. Pathogenic variants in <i>CHEK2</i> contribute to a moderately increased risk of breast and other cancers. Several variant classes have been reported, either point mutations or large intragenic rearrangements. However, a significant portion of reported variants has an uncertain clinical significance. We report an intragenic <i>CHEK2</i> duplication, ranging from intron 5 to intron 13, identified in an Italian family with hereditary breast cancer. Using long range PCR, with duplication-specific primers, we were able to ascertain the genomic breakpoint. We also performed a real-time PCR to assess a possible loss-of-function effect. The genomic characterization of large intragenic rearrangements in cancer susceptibility genes is important for the clinical management of the carriers and for a better classification of rare variants. The molecular definition of breakpoints allows for the prediction of the impact of the variant on transcripts and proteins, aiding in its characterization and clinical classification.
The association of body mass index with long-term clinical outcomes after ticagrelor monotherapy following abbreviated dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a prespecified sub-analysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS Trial (2020)

The trial has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Number NCT01813435.
Spin-Controlled Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (2012)

We discuss the concept of spin-controlled vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and analyze it with respect to potential room-temperature applications in spin-optoelectronic devices. Spin-optoelectronics is based on the optical selection rules as they provide a direct connection between the spin polarization of the recombining carriers and the circular polarization of the emitted photons. By means of optical excitation and numerical simulations we show that spin-controlled VCSELs promise to have superior properties to conventional devices such as threshold reduction, spin control of the emission, or even much faster dynamics. Possible concepts for room-temperature electrical spin injection without large external magnetic fields are summarized, and the progress on the field of purely electrically pumped spin-VCSELs is reviewed.
Direct E-jet printing of three-dimensional fibrous scaffold for tendon tissue engineering (2015)

Tissue engineering (TE) offers a promising strategy to restore diseased tendon tissue. However, a suitable scaffold for tendon TE has not been achieved with current fabrication techniques. Herein, we report the development of a novel electrohydrodynamic jet printing (E-jetting) for engineering 3D tendon scaffold with high porosity and orientated micrometer-size fibers. The E-jetted scaffold comprised tubular multilayered micrometer-size fibrous bundles, with interconnected spacing and geometric anisotropy along the longitudinal direction of the scaffold. Fiber diameter, stacking pattern, and interfiber distance have been observed to affect the structural stability of the scaffold, of which the enhanced mechanical strength can be obtained for scaffolds with thick fibers as the supporting layer. Human tenocytes showed a significant increase in cellular metabolism on the E-jetted scaffolds as compared to that on conventional electrospun scaffolds (2.7-, 2.8-, and 3.1-fold increase for 150, 300, and 600 µm interfiber distance, respectively; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the scaffolds provided structural support for human tenocytes to align with controlled orientation along the longitudinal direction of the scaffold, and promoted the expression of collagen type I. For the first time, E-jetting has been explored as a novel scaffolding approach for tendon TE, and offers a 3D fibrous scaffold to promote organized tissue reconstruction for potential tendon healing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 616-627, 2017.
Molecular and clinical profiles of syndecan-1 in solid and hematological cancer for prognosis and precision medicine (2015)

Syndecan-1 (SDC1, CD138) is a key cell surface adhesion molecule essential for maintaining cell morphology and interaction with the surrounding microenvironment. Deregulation of SDC1 contributes to cancer progression by promoting cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion and angiogenesis, and is associated with relapse through chemoresistance. SDC1 expression level is also associated with responses to chemotherapy and with prognosis in multiple solid and hematological cancers, including multiple myeloma and Hodgkin lymphoma. At the tissue level, the expression levels of SDC1 and the released extracellular domain of SDC1 correlate with tumor malignancy, phenotype, and metastatic potential for both solid and hematological tumors in a tissue-specific manner. The SDC1 expression profile varies among cancer types, but the differential expression signatures between normal and cancer cells in epithelial and stromal compartments are directly associated with aggressiveness of tumors and patient's clinical outcome and survival. Therefore, relevant biomarkers of SDC signaling may be useful for selecting patients that would most likely respond to a particular therapy at the time of diagnosis or perhaps for predicting relapse. In addition, the reciprocal expression signature of SDC between tumor epithelial and stromal compartments may have synergistic value for patient selection and the prediction of clinical outcome.
Objective measures of hearing loss compensation techniques. (1992)

Many techniques have been developed to compensate for hearing losses. With each new implementation, a subjective test was needed to verify its quality. In this study, objective measures to predict the results of a subjective test have been developed. A database of results from subjective testing based on four compensation techniques, multichannel linear gain, multichannel compression, TVFD [J. C. Rutledge and M. A. Clements, Proc. IEEE ICASSP, 3641–3644 (1991)], and flat gain amplification, were used to develop the objective measures. The measures can be computed directly from the original speech waveform and a speech waveform processed using the compensation technique. Some parameters such as the energy in each band are measured from the original speech waveform and used as the input to a regression analysis model to calculate the coefficients of the model. Then the same type of parameters are measured from the processed speech waveform with some constraints of the hearing loss, such as hearing threshold, incorporated. The objective measures will be used to predict the performance quality of new techniques that are being developed. Subsequent subjective tests will then be used to fine tune the objective measures. It is hoped that the use of these objective measures will streamline the process of bringing new compensation techniques into fruition.
POLYETHISM IN FORAGING IN A POLYMORPHIC PREDATOR,ENOPLOGNATHA OVATA(ARANEAE: THERIDIIDAE): A CASE FOR BALANCE (1999)

Abstract Two colour morphs of Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck), “ redimita ” and “ lineata ” the abdomens of which are whitish with two pink stripes and greyish-yellow, respectively, differ in their foraging strategies. When placed in artificial arenas with flowering stems to ascend, we noted that both morphs had a strong tendency to wander over the ground rather than ascend a stem [unlike the crab spider, Misumena vatia Clerck (Araneae: Thomisidae)], but that lineata was significantly more prone to wander than was redimita . Neither morph showed choice for the type of stem or colour of flower. Nevertheless, redimita showed a greater preference for choosing white artificial flowers (discs) atop 30-cm wooden rods than did lineata . We propose that the relative abundances of the two colour morphs in the natural population represents a balanced polymorphism which is maintained in part by polyethism in hunting strategies, with redimita being more fastidious in its selection of cryptic hunting sites in flowers than is lineata , and the latter being more cryptic and more errant on the ground.
Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates synthesis of lipids and secretion of lipoproteins in rat hepatocytes (1998)

We have reported that infusion of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rhHGF) stimulates liver regeneration after hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats and increases the level of serum lipids and secretion of very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Studies were now performed to determine whether rhHGF directly influences lipid synthesis and its secretion in cultured rat hepatocytes. Isolated cells were cultured in the presence or absence of rhHGF (20 ng/mL) for 2 days. During the first 12 hours, rhHGF transiently inhibited the release of lipids (triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and phospholipids), but stimulated their releases with maximal levels achieved at 36 hours. [3H]-glycerol experiment with the transcriptional and translational inhibitors revealed that rhHGF stimulated de novo synthesis of lipids by affecting activities of lipid metabolic gene. [35S]-Methionine experiment also revealed de novo synthesis of apolipoprotein B by rhHGF. Furthermore, lipid analysis of lipoprotein fractions in the conditioned medium showed that rhHGF enhanced levels of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and phospholipids by 50% to 200% in both VLDL and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, blocked the secretion of VLDL, as well as synthesis of lipids and apolipoprotein B stimulated by rhHGF. These results indicate that HGF likely stimulates lipid biosynthesis and lipoprotein secretion in hepatocytes through its tyrosine kinase-associated receptor, c-met, and accelerates the progress of cell maturation in liver regeneration.
Simplified modeling of implanted medical devices with metallic filamentary closed loops exposed to low or medium frequency magnetic fields (2022)

The proposed simplified methodology, suitable to be applied to closed loop wires in the low to intermediate frequency range, is found to be sufficiently accurate and easy to apply in realistic exposure scenarios. This modeling tool allows analyzing different types of small implants, from coronary and biliary duct stents to orthopedic grids, under a variety of exposure scenarios.
Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise: Role of Endothelial Shear Stress (1996)

Experimental, epidemiologic and clinical studies have provided strong evidence that physical exercise has beneficial effects on multiple physiological variables affecting cardiovascular health (lipoprotein levels, rest blood pressure and heart rate, carbohydrate tolerance, neurohormonal activity). Regular exercise has been shown to slow the progression of cardiovascular disease and to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. More recently, exercise-induced increases in blood flow and shear stress have been observed to enhance vascular function and structure. By increasing the release of nitric oxide and prostacyclin, shear stress augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation and inhibits multiple processes involved in atherogenesis and restenosis. In this review we discuss the underlying mechanisms by which exercise-induced blood flow and shear stress exert their salutary effects on cardiovascular remodeling.
SMASheD: Sniffing and Manipulating Android Sensor Data for Offensive Purposes (2016)

The current Android sensor security model either allows only restrictive read access to sensitive sensors (e.g., an app can only read its own touch data) or requires special install-time permissions (e.g., to read microphone, camera, or GPS). Moreover, Android does not allow write access to any of the sensors. Sensing-based security and non-security applications, therefore, crucially rely upon the sanity of the Android sensor security model. In this paper, we show that such a model can be effectively circumvented. Specifically, we build SMASheD, a legitimate framework under the current Android ecosystem that can be used to stealthily sniff as well as manipulate many of the Android's restricted sensors (even touch input). SMASheD exploits the Android debug bridge functionality and enables a malicious app with only the INTERNET permission to read, and write to, multiple different sensor data files at will. SMASheD is the first framework, to the best of our knowledge, that can sniff and manipulate protected sensors on unrooted Android devices, without user awareness, without constant device-PC connection and without the need to infect the PC. The primary contributions of this paper are twofold. First, we design and develop the SMASheD framework, and evaluate its effectiveness on multiple Android devices, including phones, watches, and glasses. Second, as an offensive implication of the SMASheD framework, we introduce a wide array of potentially devastating attacks. Our attacks against the touch sensor range from accurately logging the touchscreen input (TouchLogger) to injecting touch events for accessing restricted sensors and resources, installing and granting special permissions to other malicious apps, accessing user accounts, and authenticating on behalf of the user-essentially almost doing whatever the device user can do (secretively). Our attacks against various physical sensors (motion, position, and environmental) can subvert the functionality provided by numerous existing sensing-based security and non-security applications, including those used for (continuous) authentication, authorization, safety, and elderly care.
Thermo-optic waveguide interferometric modulator/switch in glass (1984)

We demonstrate a novel optical waveguide interferometric modulator/switch in glass, which uses the thermo-optic (TO) effect based on the temperature dependence of refractive index. The TO modulation and switching characteristics are discussed experimentally. In particular, TO switching of the order of 50 μs was successfully obtained under an overdriven operation.
CXXC5 plays a role as a transcription activator for myelin genes on oligodendrocyte differentiation (2015)

Myelination in corpus callosum plays important role for normal brain functions by transferring neurological information between various brain regions. However, the factors controlling expression of myelin genes in myelination are poorly understood. Here, CXXC5, a recently identified protein with CXXC-type zinc finger DNA binding motif, was characterized as a transcriptional activator of major myelin genes. We identified expression of CXXC5 expression was increased by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CXXC5 specifically expressed in the white matter induced expression of myelin genes through the direct binding of CXXC DNA-binding motif of CXXC5 on the MBP promoter. During the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) of CXXC5(-/-) mice, the expressions of myelin genes were simultaneously reduced. The CXXC5(-/-) mice exhibited severely reduction of myelin genes expression in corpus callosum as well as abnormalities in myelin structure. The disrupted structural integrity of myelin in the CXXC5(-/-) mice resulted in reduced electrical conduction amplitudes at corpus callosum. These findings indicate that the regulation of myelin genes expression by CXXC5 is important for forming myelin structure involved with axonal electrical signal transfer in the corpus callosum.
0508 Behavior of bubble clustering under a drag reduction condition in a horizontal channel flow (2012)

Experimental investigation on drag reduction by air bubble injection is carried out to elucidate the influence of bubble clustering in a horizontal rectangular channel. Silicone oil is used as working fluid so that experimental uncertainty due to contamination is removed particular for the clustering phenomenon. Bubbles formed chained arrangement in the streamwise direction on laminar flow states, and disperse isotropically on turbulent states. Such a bubble clustering behavior is analyzed quantitatively with image processing to obtain probability distribution of the nearest bubbles.