gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of the kappa opioid antagonist nor‐binaltorphimine on cocaine vs. food choice and extended‐access cocaine intake in rhesus monkeys (658.6) (2014)

The dynorphin/κ opioid receptor system (KOR) has been implicated as one potential neurobiological target for treating cocaine addiction. This study determined effects of the KOR antagonist nor‐binaltorphimine (nor‐BNI) on cocaine self‐administration by rhesus monkeys responding under a novel procedure that featured two daily components: (1) 2‐h choice sessions (9‐11am) when monkeys could choose between food pellets and cocaine (0‐0.1 mg/kg/inj, IV), and (2) 20‐h “extended access” sessions (noon‐8am) when only cocaine (0.1 mg/kg/inj) was available under a fixed‐ratio schedule to promote high daily cocaine intakes. After 14 days of responding under this novel procedure, nor‐BNI (3.2 mg/kg, IM) was administered, and responding was evaluated for an additional 14 days. Consistent with previous studies, cocaine maintained a dose‐dependent increase in cocaine choice, and monkeys also self‐administered cocaine throughout the extended access component. Total daily intake averaged 7.5±0.66 mg/kg cocaine. Nor‐BNI treatment had no significant effect on cocaine choice either during or after withdrawal from extended cocaine access. These results suggest the dynorphin/KOR system does not play a major role in cocaine self‐administration under these conditions. These results also do not support the utility of KOR antagonists as medications to treat ongoing cocaine use in persons dependent on cocaine. Grant Funding Source : Funded by NIH grant R01DA026946.
A simplified stress analysis of rising salt domes (2016)

Abstract We use a simple analytical model to estimate the stress field in density‐driven, rising salt domes and adjacent sediments, and to describe the evolution of these domes. We show that the pressure exerted by the salt pushing out against its wall rocks (the salt pressure) decreases linearly up the flank of the dome, but is always greater than the overburden stress. In fact, the salt pressure normal to the dome boundary is everywhere the maximum principal stress, whereas the hoop stress parallel to the circumference of the dome is the minimum stress. In addition, we quantitatively describe the critical stages of salt dome evolution (initiation, upbuilding, and downbuilding), relating these stages to sedimentation rate and basin thickness. This analysis also shows that even the highest sedimentation rates are unlikely to accumulate enough sediments to bury downbuilding domes as long as the salt supply is unrestricted. Despite the simplicity of the model, its predictions are in good agreement with field observations near salt domes. Overall, our analytical model can provide critical insight into the stress field perturbation in and near rising salt domes and can be used to assess the accuracy of numerical models and field measurements near these domes.
Macro- and microstructural alterations of the subcortical structures in episodic cluster headache (2017)

Background Previous functional and structural imaging studies have revealed that subcortical structures play a key a role in pain processing. The recurring painful episodes might trigger maladaptive plasticity or alternatively degenerative processes that might be detected by MRI as changes in size or microstructure. In the current investigation, we aimed to identify the macro- and microstructural alterations of the subcortical structures in episodic cluster headache. Methods High-resolution T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI images with 60 gradient directions were acquired from 22 patients with cluster headache and 94 healthy controls. Surface-based segmentation analysis was used to measure the volume of the subcortical nuclei, and mean diffusion parameters (fractional anisotropy, mean, radial and axial diffusivity) were determined for these structures. In order to understand whether the size and diffusion parameters could be investigated in a headache lateralised manner, first the asymmetry of the size and diffusion parameters of the subcortical structures was analysed. Volumes and diffusion parameters were compared between groups and correlated with the cumulative number of headache days. To account for the different size of the patient and control group, a bootstrap approach was used to investigate the stability of the findings. Results A significant lateralisation of the size (caudate, putamen and thalamus) and the diffusion parameters of the subcortical structures were found in normal controls. In cluster headache patients, the mean fractional anisotropy of the right amygdalae, the mean axial and mean diffusivity of the right caudate nucleus and the radial diffusivity of the right pallidum were higher. The mean anisotropy of the right pallidum was lower in patients. Conclusion The analysis of the pathology in the subcortical structures in episodic cluster headache reveals important features of the disease, which might allow a deeper insight into the pathomechanism of the pain processing in this headache condition.
USED CARS, NEW STRATEGIES (1997)

Start‐up Driver's Mart applies the latest management ideas to a much maligned business.
Synthesis and properties of a new oligonucleotide analogue containing an internucleotide squaryl amide linkage (2001)

We report here the synthesis and properties of a new oligonucleotide analogue (5'-CGCATsqTAGCC-3') containing a squaryl group in place of the fifth phosphate group from the 5'-terminus. The modified thymidine dimer building unit was synthesized by use of 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine and a 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine derivative. This building unit was phosphitylated and incorporated into the oligonucleotide by the phosphoramidite method. The hybridization ability of this modified oligomer with the complementary oligonucleotide was studied in detail by using Tm experiments and CD spectroscopy as well as computer simulations. These results suggest that this modified duplex has a unique bend conformation.
An algorithm for shading of regions on vector display devices (1979)

The display of shaded polygons by line, cross-hatch, and dot patterns on vector devices is a task frequently used in computer graphics and computer cartography. In applications such as the production of shaded maps polygon shading turns out to be critical with respect to time requirements, and the development of efficient algorithms is of importance. Given an arbitrary polygon in the plane without self-crossing edges (simply-connected polygon), the task at hand is to shade this polygon with one or two sets of parallel lines where for each set a shading angle and a line distance are given. The basic concept of this new algorithm is to decompose the polygon into a set of mutually exclusive trapezoids (in special cases triangles) where the parallel edges of the trapezoids are parallel to the desired shading lines. These trapezoids and triangles are then shaded in a fast procedure. In its present form the algorithm handles regions with up to 300 islands. Possible extensions include the construction of dash and cross patterns.
Moisture profile of unglazed alumina-based ceramic on convection drying. (1985)

To express the water movement in an unsaturated porous body, we have proposed a modified Kozeny-Carman equation originating from the capillary action.3'7) This equation was applied to the movement of condensed water in fine capillaries in an adsorptive porous body and it was found that the Kozeny constant varies inversely with the ratio of the amount of condensed water to the total moisture content: ^xl*/!;.81
A large-scale hierarchical multi-view RGB-D object dataset (2011)

Over the last decade, the availability of public image repositories and recognition benchmarks has enabled rapid progress in visual object category and instance detection. Today we are witnessing the birth of a new generation of sensing technologies capable of providing high quality synchronized videos of both color and depth, the RGB-D (Kinect-style) camera. With its advanced sensing capabilities and the potential for mass adoption, this technology represents an opportunity to dramatically increase robotic object recognition, manipulation, navigation, and interaction capabilities. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale, hierarchical multi-view object dataset collected using an RGB-D camera. The dataset contains 300 objects organized into 51 categories and has been made publicly available to the research community so as to enable rapid progress based on this promising technology. This paper describes the dataset collection procedure and introduces techniques for RGB-D based object recognition and detection, demonstrating that combining color and depth information substantially improves quality of results.
Reversible and irreversible denaturation of collagen fibers (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible and irreversible denaturation of collagen fibersHelmut Hoermann and Harald SchlebuschCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 6, 932–937Publication Date (Print):March 16, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 16 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00782a003https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00782a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views909Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dependence of the performance of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors on doping and bias (1991)

We have measured and theoretically analyzed the doping density, ND, dependence of the intersubband absorption coefficient α, the quantum efficiency η, the optical gain g, the dark current ID, and the detectivity D*. We discuss the optimum doping and show that D* depends only weakly on both ND and also the bias voltage, Vb. In particular, we find that the dark current can be reduced by three orders of magnitude, without significantly reducing the detectivity. This would substantially alleviate the undesirable filling of imaging array multiplexer storage capacitors, thereby allowing longer integration times and thus higher sensitivity.
Predicted structure selectivity trends: propylene polymerization with substituted rac-(1,2-ethylenebis(.eta.5-indenyl))zirconium(IV) catalysts (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPredicted structure selectivity trends: propylene polymerization with substituted rac-(1,2-ethylenebis(.eta.5-indenyl))zirconium(IV) catalystsJ. R. Hart and A. K. RappeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 14, 6159–6164Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00067a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00067a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Urinary Excretion of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (2003)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) progresses to renal insufficiency in >50% of patients and is characterized by interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in the end stage. In a rat model of ADPKD, monocytes accumulate within the renal interstitium in association with increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in cyst mural cells and increased excretion of this chemokine into the urine. For determining the extent to which this chemokine is abnormally expressed in patients with ADPKD, a cross-section study was performed of MCP-1 in urine, serum, and cyst fluid and MCP-1 production by mural epithelial cells cultured from the cysts of human patients with ADPKD. Upper boundaries for urinary MCP-1 excretion (>263 pg/mg creatinine) and serum creatinine concentration (>1.5 mg/dl) determined in 19 normal individuals were used to sort 55 ADPKD patients into three groups. In group 1 (n = 13), urine MCP-1 excretion (136 +/- 14 pg/mg creatinine) was not different from normal volunteers (152 +/- 16 pg/mg); serum creatinine levels and urine total protein excretion were normal as well. In group 2 (n = 27), urine MCP-1 excretion was increased (525 +/- 39 pg/mg creatinine), but serum creatinine levels and urine protein excretion were not different from normal. In group 3 (n = 15), urine MCP-1 excretion increased further (1221 +/- 171 pg/mg), serum creatinine levels increased to 4.3 +/- 0.8 mg/dl, and urine protein excretion rose to 0.64 +/- 0.28 mg/mg creatinine. Serum MCP-1 levels of ADPKD patients (84 +/- 9.9 pg/ml; n = 15) did not differ from normal. Levels of MCP-1 much higher than in serum or urine were found in cyst fluids obtained from nephrectomy specimens (range, 767 to 40,860 pg/ml; mean, 6434 +/- 841 pg/ml; n = 73). Polarized, confluent cultures of ADPKD cyst epithelial cells secreted MCP-1 into the apical fluid to levels eightfold greater than in the basolateral medium. Similar results were obtained with tubule epithelial cells cultured from normal human renal cortex. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that urinary excretion of MCP-1 is increased in the majority of adult patients with ADPKD and that the source of some of this chemokine may be the mural epithelium of cysts. Furthermore, it seemed that urinary MCP-1 excretion may have increased in these ADPKD patients before appreciable increases in serum creatinine concentration or urine protein excretion were detected. It is reasonable to include urine MCP-1 excretion among candidate surrogate markers in controlled, longitudinal studies of ADPKD.
Lost in translation (2007)

Current real-world software applications typically involve heavy use of relational and XML data and their query languages. Unfortunately object-oriented languages and database query languages are based on different semantic foundations and optimization strategies. The resulting ''ROX (Relations, Objects, XML) impedance mismatc'' makes life very difficult for developers.
Process Effects in Short Cycle Stretch Forming of Tinplate Can Bodies (2016)

Short Cycle Stretch Forming (SCS) is an innovative stretch forming technology developed at the Institute for Metal Forming Technology (IFU) at the University of Stuttgart. The SCS technology combines plane pre-stretching of blank and subsequent deep drawing operations within the same stroke of press ram. The sheet metal thickness is reduced while denting resistance and yield stress increases due to hardening effects.Current research work focuses on applying SCS-technology to rotational-symmetrical bodies. A process simulation for SCS-Cupping process was performed for food cans. Based on these results a tool was manufactured and commissioned. The results showed that the thickness of cup bottoms of two-piece drawn and ironed (D&amp;I) steel cans can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to save material costs in serial production based on a reduced blank diameter.In this paper the different effects leading to the thinning of steel can bottom and failure types, such as, wrinkling and cracking are observed in a number of experimental series. Based on these results, the tool geometry was optimized and an advanced tool was manufactured. The results of this paper show that SCS-Cupping offers promising potential to save material, as well as outlining the main effects for this technology.
The Role of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Femoral Neck Fractures in the Geriatric Patient (2011)

Femoral neck fractures are common in the elderly; however, agreement on classification and treatment varies. It was hypothesized that computed tomography (CT) would increase agreement for Garden Classification and treatment plan over plain radiographs alone. This article presents results of an online survey completed by 32 respondents at a single institution. The survey was comprised of 5 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures using plain radiographs and CT images. Cases were randomly presented in 3 formats: (1) plain radiograph, (2) CT, and (3) plain radiograph and CT together. Patients were described as low-energy trauma, 65 years or older, and cleared for surgery. Garden Classification and treatment plans were queried. A single case was repeated for intraobserver reliability. Kappa was calculated for inter- and intraobserver reliability. The addition of CT and modification of the Garden Classification (nondisplaced vs displaced) improved interobserver agreement in all cases. Participants were 1.7× more likely (P=.042) to change their Modified Garden Classification when CT was added to plain radiograph compared to plain radiograph added to CT. Treatment agreement was slight to fair. Intraobserver agreement varied from slight to moderate. The rate of arthoplasty recommendations was similar across attending subspecialties; however, arthroplasty-trained surgeons were 20 to 60 times more likely to recommend total hip arthroplasty (P=.009) over hemiarthroplasty compared to nonarthroplasty-trained surgeons. The addition of CT to plain radiograph after femoral neck fracture improves Garden Classification agreement. However, treatment agreement was not impacted by CT. Factors other than improved classification agreement appeared to direct surgeons' treatment recommendations.
Purification of CV-1 polymerase delta and studies implicating both polymerase delta and alpha in DNA replication (1987)

DNA polymerase delta has been identified and purified from VC-1 cells. This is the first system reported where polymerase delta has been purified and where its role in DNA synthesis can be characterized. DNA polymerase inhibitors, including aphidicolin, butylphenyldeoxyguanosine triphosphate (BuPdGTP), and a monoclonal antibody which specifically inhibits DNA polymerase alpha activity were used to investigate the role of polymerases delta and alpha in DNA replication in lysolecithin permeabilized CV-1 cells. The effects of these inhibitors on purified polymerases delta and alpha were also determined. Aphidicolin was a potent inhibitor of DNA replication and DNA polymerase delta and alpha. However, concentrations of BuPdGTP which totally abolished DNA polymerase alpha activity were much less effective in reducing DNA replication and the activity of DNA polymerase delta. A monoclonal antibody specific for polymerase alpha reduced DNA replication in permeable cells 60-70%. The remaining replication activity appeared to be attributed to polymerase delta, because it was aphidicolin sensitive and resistant to low concentrations of BuPdGTP. This information, and the kinetics of inhibition of replication displayed by these inhibitors, indicate that in addition to polymerase alpha, polymerase delta also plays a significant role in mammalian DNA replication.
Predicate rewriting for translating Boolean queries in a heterogeneous information system (1999)

Searching over heterogeneous information sources is difficult in part because of the nonuniform query languages. Our approach is to allow users to compose Boolean queries in one rich front-end language. For each user query and target source, we transform the user query into a subsuming query that can be supported by the source but that may return extra documents. The results are then processed by a filter query to yield the correct final results. In this article we introduce the architecture and associated mechanism for query translation. In particular, we discuss techniques for rewriting predicates in Boolean queries into native subsuming forms, which is a basis of translating complex queries. In addition, we present experimental results for evaluating the cost of postfiltering. We also discuss the drawbacks of this approach and cases when it may not be effective. We have implemented prototype versions of these mechanisms and demonstrated them on heterogeneous Boolean systems.
Historical Overview of Styrenic Polymers (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General-purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) Foamed Polystyrene Rubber-modified Polystyrene ABS ASA Early Styrene Copolymers Styrenic Block Copolymers Syndiotactic Polystyrene Modern Polystyrene Production The Future References
P196 Development of Taqman based multiplex qPCR assay for simultaneous detection of N.gonorrhoeae, C.trachomatis and T.vaginalis in the endocervical/vaginal samples (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Trichomonas vaginalis(TV) are among the major causative agents of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Huge fraction of patients with NG, CT and TV infections are asymptomatic making syndromic case management(SCM) becomes unreliable. Taqman based triplex qPCR assay for simultaneous detection of NG, CT and TV, besides being dependable diagnostic tool, can effectively differentiate between mono-infections and co-infections of these pathogens. <h3>Methods</h3> Endo-cervical dry swabs were procured from non-pregnant females visiting Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India as per ICMR ethical guidelines. DNA was isolated from the samples and presence of the causative agent, if any, was determined using in-house developed Multiplex qPCR assay by employing specific primer-probe sets targeting each pathogen. Analytical sensitivities and specificities were determined for each uniplex assay. In-house developed assay was clinically validated in comparison to published NAAT based assays. <h3>Results</h3> A 108 bp region of orf-1 gene of NG, 133 bp region of pld gene of CT and 147 bp region of pfo-B gene of TV genomic DNA were utilized for identification. Analytical sensitivity of NG uniplex assay was determined to be 10ag of recombinant DNA (3–4 DNA equivalents) and for both CT and TV, it was determined to be 100ag of DNA (30 DNA equivalents). 85 clinical samples have been examined so far and the assay detects NG and CT DNA with 83% and 60% sensitivities, 99% and 100% specificities, 83% and 100% PPV and, 99% and 98% NPV respectively. Two clinical samples among them were co-infected with NG and CT. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In-house developed multiplex qPCR assay provides an opportunity for diagnosis of three highly prevalent and curable STIs in only one assay. The results following validation are motivating enough to project it as a potentially reliable diagnostic tool for their detection.