gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prothrombin Antigen and Coagulant Activity in Patients With Liver Disease (1982)

Plasma levels of prothrombin immunoreactive protein (factor II antigen) (II-Ag) and coagulant activity (II-CA) were determined in eight patients with acute hepatitis and in 29 patients with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis). The II-CA was reduced in 23 (62%), II-Ag in 17 (46%), and both were reduced in 13 (36%) of the cases. A disproportionate reduction was noted in 21 (57%); ie, there was more II-Ag found in comparison to the corresponding level of II-Ca. Ninety-six percent (23) of 24 patients with moderate to severe hepatocellular disease showed reduced II-CA levels; 63% (15) showed reduced II-Ag levels, with a disproportionate reduction in II-CA in 67% (16). These data suggest that reduced synthesis as well as impaired carboxylation of prothrombin precursor protein are factors contributing to the coagulopathy in patients with moderate to severe liver disease and that measurement of circulating levels of II-Ag may provide an excellent indication of hepatic synthetic capacity.
Nonthermal Site Occupation at the Donor-Acceptor Interface of Organic Solar Cells (2018)

Charge transfer (CT) states play a key role in the operation of organic solar cells, yet little is known about their energetic distribution under illumination. By measuring a dynamic redshift in the faint photoluminescence of CT states over time, the authors characterize relaxation within the CT density of states, and show that this process is generally $i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}m\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e$ under normal operating conditions. The result is a nonthermal distribution of CT states, characterized by an elevated effective temperature, which overturns a basic assumption implicit in most models of organic solar cells to date.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Dimerization by a Radical Chain Reaction in γ‐ Irradiated Crystals of 1,3‐Bis(3‐acetoxyprop‐1‐ynyl)‐4‐methoxy‐6‐ methylbenzene. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Engineering new aptamer geometries for electrochemical aptamer-based sensors (2009)

Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors (E-AB sensors) represent a promising new approach to the detection of small molecules. E-AB sensors comprise an aptamer that is attached at one end to an electrode surface. The distal end of the aptamer probed is modified with an electroactive redox marker for signal transduction. Herein we report on the optimization of a cocaine-detecting E-AB sensor via optimization of the geometry of the aptamer. We explore two new aptamer architectures, one in which we concatenate three cocaine aptamers into a poly-aptamer and a second in which we divide the cocaine aptamer into pieces connected via an unstructured, 60-thymine linker. Both of these structures are designed such that the reporting redox tag will be located farther from the electrode in the unfolded, target-free conformation. Consistent with this, we find that signal gains of these two constructs are two to three times higher than that of the original E-AB architecture. Likewise all three architectures are selective enough to deploy directly in complex sample matrices, such as undiluted whole blood, with all three sensors successfully detecting the presence of cocaine. The findings in this ongoing study should be of value in future efforts to optimize the signaling of electrochemical aptamer-based sensors.
Diphenylbarbituric Acid: Its Effects on Neuromuscular and Spinal Cord Function in the Cat (1985)

In studies of neuromuscular function in the cat soleus muscle, diphenylbarbituric acid (DPB; 10-80 mg/kg i.v.) depressed both the degree and the duration of posttetanic potentiation (PTP) in a dose-dependent manner. At doses of greater than 20 mg/kg, twitch strength was increased in both indirectly stimulated and directly stimulated chronically denervated preparations, indicating a direct effect of DPB on muscle. In the spinal cord, DPB (10-60 mg/kg) depressed both monosynaptic (2N) and polysynaptic discharges, with flexor and extensor reflexes being similarly affected. In addition, DPB was not selective for isolated 2N as compared with posttetanically potentiated monosynaptic responses. Thus, in its actions on neuromuscular function DPB resembles phenytoin; in the spinal cord the drug resembles phenobarbital. The data suggest that the capacity of a drug to curb high-frequency repetitive discharges is more important than curbing recruitment as exhibited by PTP of the 2N reflex.
Integrating concurrency control and distributed data into workflow frameworks: an actor model perspective (2002)

Technological advances in processor power, networking, telecommunications and multimedia are stimulating the development of applications requiring parallel and distributed computing. This new perspective is enticing research into new design methodologies that view the software as an "intelligent" collection of agents that interact by coordinating knowledge-based processes. We present an actor-based workflow architecture that would fit naturally into distributed heterogeneous environments. The actors combine object-oriented and functional programming in order to make the management of concurrency easier for the user.
Polarization-independent wide-angle triple-band metamaterial absorber (2011)

We report the design, fabrication, and measurement of a microwave triple-band absorber. The compact single unit cell consists of three nested electric closed-ring resonators and a metallic ground plane separated by a dielectric layer. Simulation and experimental results show that the absorber has three distinctive absorption peaks at frequencies 4.06 GHz, 6.73 GHz, and 9.22 GHz with the absorption rates of 0.99, 0.93, and 0.95, respectively. The absorber is valid to a wide range of incident angles for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. The triple-band absorber is a promising candidate as absorbing elements in scientific and technical applications because of its multiband absorption, polarization insensitivity, and wide-angle response.
Four-wave difference mixing in Na in a CH_4–air flame (1992)

A four-wave difference mixing signal has been observed for what is, to our knowledge, the first time, in sodium in a methane-air flame. The experimental conditions used to observe the signal in the flame are reported. An explanation of the observed signal in terms of near two photon resonant difference four-wave mixing is proposed.
A Versatile Oscilloscope/Microcomputer-Based Data Handling System (1985)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The collection and analysis of analog signals has become a very important part of most engine research efforts. Digital oscilloscopes are commonly used to collect analog information because they have good resolution, response time, and storage capacity. Microcomputers are typically used for data reduction and analysis. This paper describes the coupling of a digital oscilloscope and a microcomputer to form a versatile data handling system.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A digital oscilloscope and a microcomputer were connected via their RS232 serial ports to provide a system for acquiring, digitizing, and storing analog data, with provision for subsequent analysis, reduction, and presentation. A complete listing of the subroutines required for data transfer from the oscilloscope to the microcomputer is supplied, along with a discussion of several proven applications of this system for use in internal combustion engine laboratories.&lt;/div&gt;
Family Functioning, Medical Self-Management, and Health Outcomes Among School-Aged Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Mediation Model (2017)

Fostering family efficacy and reducing parenting stress may be meaningful intervention targets for improving SCD self-management and child HRQOL among school-aged children. Although findings were consistent with the Pediatric Self-Management Model in terms of HRQOL, the model was not supported for pain episodes or urgent health utilization, highlighting the need for multi-method, longitudinal research on the SCD self-management behaviors that are linked to preventable health outcomes.
A case of tubular adenoma coexisting with a fibroadenoma of the breast (2012)

症例は31歳，女性．増大傾向のある右乳房腫瘤を主訴に当院を紹介受診した．前医での針生検では線維腺腫の診断であった．右乳房EDB領域に80mm大の弾性のある可動性良好な腫瘤を触知した．マンモグラフィーでは，右乳房にやや高濃度の腫瘤を認め，不明瞭な微小石灰化が散在性にみられた．超音波検査では，後方エコーの増強を伴う境界明瞭な低エコー腫瘤を認めた．MRI検査では，右乳房に不均一な腫瘤を認め，ダイナミックカーブで，漸増型の一部にwash outがみられ，性状の異なる腫瘤が混在している可能性が示唆された．乳腺線維腺腫または管状腺腫の診断で，乳腺腫瘤摘出術を施行した．病理組織学的検査の結果，管状腺腫の一部に線維腺腫の組織が存在し，それぞれ境界を持たずなだらかに移行する所見を認めた．同一腫瘍内に乳腺管状腺腫と線維腺腫の混在を認めたまれな症例を経験したので文献的考察を加え報告する．
Pharmacy Department Costs and Patient Charges Associated with a Home Parenteral Nutrition Program (1983)

The pharmacy department costs of a home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program were identified, and the patient charges for HPN were compared with the charges for hospitalization for parenteral nutrition. Ten patients were randomly selected from 55 patients active in the HPN program at the University of Washington Hospital. Cost identification included quantification of supplies, personnel, equipment, freight, miscellaneous, and indirect costs. Patient charges were identified through billing documents. Charges included clinic visits and laboratory tests. Inpatient charges were identified in a similar manner and included a standard daily hospital charge. Average yearly costs to the pharmacy department were nearly +9000 per HPN patient. Patient charges for HPN were +48.19 per infusion day compared with +205.68 per infusion day for the hospitalized patient. The cost savings of HPN to the patient and the hospital were clearly demonstrated.
Disruptive Innovators [Letter from the Editor] (2017)

In this issue of IEEE Women in Engineering Magazine, we interview disruptive innovators who are dispelling all kinds of stereotypes and serving as inspiring role models, even at the early stages of their own careers. These women all appear in the upcoming IEEE new initiative, disruptive innovations, "Nerd Girl Nation" web show. Thanks to the IEEE New Initiatives Committee, young women around the world can see and hear the firsthand stories of women who share the same challenges and interests and who are experiencing life as a young person in this current turbulent world arena. You can vist www.nerdgirls.com to find out more about the launch of the Nerd Girl Nation web series.
Hepatic artery and portal vein vascularization of normal and cirrhotic rat liver† (1994)

The hepatic artery and portal vein vascularization of seven normal and seven cirrhotic rats was evaluated by means of the multiple-indicator dilution technique using the flow-limited model analysis. Injected 15-micron microspheres were all trapped by the liver in normal and cirrhotic rats after portal vein and hepatic artery injections, ruling out the presence of intrahepatic shunts larger than 15 microns. The albumin curve was linearly displaced relative to the red blood cell curve in both groups of rats, indicating that albumin distribution remained compatible with the flow-limited distribution model. Albumin extravascular space was similar when measured following both routes of injection. Sucrose outflow profile was also compatible with the flow-limited model after portal vein injection in normal rats, but not in severely cirrhotic rats. In contrast, after hepatic artery injection in both normal and cirrhotic rats the sucrose curve was not linearly displaced compared with that of red blood cells; its curve peak was less delayed than its downslope. This finding indicates that, after hepatic artery injection, sucrose distribution was not compatible with the flow-limited model; moreover, its extravascular space was much larger than that after portal vein injection, particularly in cirrhotic rats. This phenomenon is best explained by the peribiliary capillary plexus, lying between terminal arteries and sinusoids, a plexus enlarged in cirrhotic livers. Finally, sinusoidal volume was apparently much larger after hepatic arterial injection compared with that after portal venous injection. This occurrence may well result from an unshared arterial sinusoidal bed or the peribiliary capillary plexus.
User's guide to revised method-of-characteristics solute-transport model (MOC--version 31) (1994)

The U.S. Geological Survey computer model to simulate twodimensional solute transport and dispersion in ground water All opening and closing of files are now done automatically by the program. Names of input data files are entered either interactively or using a batch-mode script file. Names of output files, created automatically by the program, are based on the name of the input file. In the interactive mode, messages are written to the screen during execution to allow the user to monitor the status and progress of the simulation and to anticipate total running time. Information reported and updated during a simulation include the current pumping period and time step, number of particle moves, and percentage completion of the current time step. The batch mode enables a user to run a series of simulations consecutively, without additional control. A report of the model's activity in the batch mode is written to a separate output file, allowing later review. The user has several options for creating separate output files for different types of data. The formats are compatible with many commercially available applications, which facilitates graphical postprocessing of model results.
G-CSF and its receptor in myeloid malignancy (2010)

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been used in the clinic for more than 2 decades to treat congenital and acquired neutropenias and to reduce febrile neutropenia before or during courses of intensive cytoreductive therapy. In addition, healthy stem cell donors receive short-term treatment with G-CSF for mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells. G-CSF has also been applied in priming strategies designed to enhance the sensitivity of leukemia stem cells to cytotoxic agents, in protocols aimed to induce their differentiation and accompanying growth arrest and cell death, and in severe aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to alleviate anemia. The potential adverse effects of G-CSF administration, particularly the risk of malignant transformation, have fueled ongoing debates, some of which can only be settled in follow-up studies extending over several decades. This specifically applies to children with severe congenital neutropenia who receive lifelong treatment with G-CSF and in which the high susceptibility to develop MDS and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has now become a major clinical concern. Here, we will highlight some of the controversies and challenges regarding the clinical application of G-CSF and discuss a possible role of G-CSF in malignant transformation, particularly in patients with neutropenia harboring mutations in the gene encoding the G-CSF receptor.
Multisensory interaction in vibrotactile detection and discrimination of amplitude modulation: insights from expert MFS surgeons and naive participants (2011)

Perception of vibration during drilling demands integration of haptic and auditory information with force information. In this study we explored the ability to detect and discriminate changes in vibrotactile stimuli amplitude based either on purely haptic feedback or together with congruent synthesized auditory cues in groups of naive subjects and expert surgeons. Our results point toward the complex influence of multimodal experience during vibration perception. First, in naive subjects, we showed that detection and discrimination of amplitude change in complex vibro-tactile stimulus is selectively sensitive to combination of modality and previous experience. In the domain of discrimination, our results suggest that bi-modal performance is always better than uni-modal performance regardless of order of experience. Second, experiments with expert surgeons revealed that expertise in complex skill of maxilla-facial surgery strongly relies on enhanced touch perception, as measured in reaction times and discrimination ability in bi-modal vibro-auditory conditions. These observations suggest that acquisition of mandibular surgery skill has brought to an enhanced representation of vibro-tactile modulations in relevant stimuli ranges. Altogether, our results provide basis to assume that during acquisition of mandibular drilling skill, trainees may benefit from training of relevant basic aspects of touch perception - sensitivity to vibration and accompanying modulations of sound.
Potential role of the intestinal microbiota of the mother in neonatal immune education (2010)

Mucosal dendritic cells are at the heart of decision-making processes that dictate immune reactivity to intestinal microbes. They ensure tolerance to commensal bacteria and a vigorous immune response to pathogens. It has recently been demonstrated that the former involves a limited migration of bacterially loaded dendritic cells from the Peyer's patches to the mesenteric lymph nodes. During lactation, cells from gut-associated lymphoid tissue travel to the breast via the lymphatics and peripheral blood. Here, we show that human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and breast milk cells contain bacteria and their genetic material during lactation. Furthermore, we show an increased bacterial translocation from the mouse gut during pregnancy and lactation and the presence of bacterially loaded dendritic cells in lactating breast tissue. Our observations show bacterial translocation as a unique physiological event, which is increased during pregnancy and lactation. They suggest endogenous transport of intestinally derived bacterial components within dendritic cells destined for the lactating mammary gland. They also suggest neonatal immune imprinting by milk cells containing commensal-associated molecular patterns.
Field Applications of a New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fluid Characterization Method (2001)

Abstract This paper discusses the application of a new magnetic resonance fluid (MRF) characterization method to field data acquired by a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) well logging tool. The theoretical and experimental foundation underlying the method was discussed in a paper presented at the 2000 SPE meeting.1 The MRF method provides a detailed formation evaluation of the near wellbore region investigated by modern NMR logging tools. This information includes total and bound-fluid porosities, hydrocarbon saturations, oil viscosities and hydrocarbon-corrected permeabilities. In this paper we first provide a short review of the main ideas and key equations that make up the MRF method. We discuss the generalization of the MRF method to logging data acquired by the CMR* Combinable Magnetic Resonance tool and apply the method to mixture data acquired by a CMR tool on crude oil and water samples. We also discuss the existing database of MRF results on partially saturated rocks, and present new laboratory results that include blind tests on Yates field dolomite rocks measured at initial and residual oil saturation. The sources of uncertainty inherent in NMR diffusion-based viscosity estimation in reservoir rocks are discussed, and we propose a strategy that accounts for the uncertainties and provides "best estimates" of oil saturations and viscosities. The strategy is applied to the MRF analysis of the field data in this paper. The MRF method is applied to CMR station log data acquired in three wells. Analysis of the MRF data and the results from each of these wells is discussed.
The Talent system: TEXTRACT architecture and data model (2004)

We present the architecture and data model for T EXTRACT , a robust, scalable and configurable document analysis framework. T EXTRACT has been engineered as a pipeline architecture, allowing for rapid prototyping and application development by freely mixing reusable, existing, language analysis plugins and custom, new, plugins with customizable functionality. We discuss design issues which arise from requirements of industrial strength efficiency and scalability, and which are further constrained by plugin interactions, both among themselves, and with a common data model comprising an annotation store, document vocabulary and a lexical cache. We exemplify some of these by focusing on a meta-plugin: an interpreter for annotation-based finite state transduction, through which many linguistic filters can be implemented as stand-alone plugins. The framework and component plugins have been extensively deployed in both research and industrial environments, for a broad range of text analysis and mining tasks.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Reactivity of Gold Nanoparticles Towards Benzimidazole‐2‐ylidene Ligands (2016)

The reactivity of benzimidazol-2-ylidenes with respect to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been investigated using a combined experimental and computational approach. First, the grafting of benzimidazol-2-ylidenes bearing benzyl groups on the nitrogen atoms is described, and comparisons are made with structurally similar N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) bearing other N-groups. Similar reactivity was observed for all NHCs, with 1) the erosion of the AuNPs under the effect of the NHC and 2) the formation of bis(NHC) gold complexes. DFT calculations were performed to investigate the modes of grafting of such ligands, to determine adsorption energies, and to rationalize the spectroscopic data. Two types of computational models were developed to describe the grafting onto large or small AuNPs, with either periodic or cluster-type DFT calculations. Calculations of NMR parameters were performed on some of these models, and discussed in light of the experimental data.
Amination of energetic anions: high-performing energetic materials (2012)

The new energetic materials 2-amino-5-nitrotetrazole (ANT, 1), 1-amino-3,4-dinitro-1,2,4-triazole (ADNT, 2), and both 1,1'-diamino-5,5'-bistetrazole and 1,2'-diamino-5,5'-bistetrazole (11DABT, 3 and 12DABT, 4) have been prepared by the amination of the parent anion with O-tosylhydroxylamine. The 5-H-tetrazolate anion has also been aminated using hydroxylamine O-sulfonic acid to both 1-aminotetrazole and 2-aminotetrazole (1AT, 5 and 2AT, 6). The prepared materials have been characterized chemically (XRD (1-4, 6·AtNO(2), 8), multinuclear NMR, IR, Raman) and as explosives (mechanical and electrostatic sensitivity) and their explosive performances calculated using the EXPLO5 computer code. The prepared N-amino energetic materials, which can also be used as new ligands for high energy-capacity transition metal complexes, exhibit high explosive performances (in the range of hexogen and octogen) and a range of sensitivities from low to extremely high.
ChemInform Abstract: The Stereospecific Addition of Hydroxylamines to α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfones, Nitriles and Nitro Compounds. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.