gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EfeUOB (YcdNOB) is a tripartite, acid‐induced and CpxAR‐regulated, low‐pH Fe2+ transporter that is cryptic in Escherichia coli K‐12 but functional in E. coli O157:H7 (2007)

Escherichia coli possesses iron transporters specific for either Fe2+ or Fe3+. Although Fe2+ is far more soluble than Fe3+, it rapidly oxidizes aerobically at pH > or = 7. Thus, FeoAB, the major Fe2+ transporter of E. coli, operates anaerobically. However, Fe2+ remains stable aerobically under acidic conditions, although a low-pH Fe2+ importer has not been previously identified. Here we show that ycdNOB (efeUOB) specifies the first such transporter. efeUOB is repressed at high pH by CpxAR, and is Fe2+-Fur repressed. EfeU is homologous to the high-affinity iron permease, Ftr1p, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other fungi. EfeO is periplasmic with a cupredoxin N-terminal domain; EfeB is also periplasmic and is haem peroxidase-like. All three Efe proteins are required for Efe function. The efeU gene of E. coli K-12 is cryptic due to a frameshift mutation - repair of the single-base-pair deletion generates a functional EfeUOB system. In contrast, the efeUOB operon of the enterohaemorrhagic strain, O157:H7, lacks any frameshift and is functional. A 'wild-type' K-12 strain bearing a functional EfeUOB displays a major growth advantage under aerobic, low-pH, low-iron conditions when a competing metal is provided. 55Fe transport assays confirm the ferrous iron specificity of EfeUOB.
Doppelte Helixinversion in einem binären System cholesteriseher Komponenten mit Reehtshelix / Twojolcl Helical Inversion in a Binary System of Cholesterics with Right-handed Helix (1973)

In a binary system of cholesteric liquid crystals with righthanded sense of helix a twofold helical inversion at two different molar fractions ϰ n,1 and ϰ n, 2 has been observed by measurements of circular dichroism and optical rotatory power. In the region of composition between ϰ n,1 and ϰ n, 2 all mixtures exhibit a left-handed cholesteric structure.
Application of Multi-Dimensional Sensing Technologies in Production Systems (2011)

Multi-dimensional sensing has been used for various purposes in the field of production systems. The members of the IEEJ MDS committee investigated the trends in sensing technologies and their applications. In this paper, the result of investigations of auto-guided vehicles, cell manufacturing robots, safety, maintenance, worker monitoring, and sensor networks are discussed.
Flow Cytometry Has a Significant Impact on the Cellular Metabolome (2018)

The characterization of specialized cell subpopulations in a heterogeneous tissue is essential for understanding organ function in health and disease. A popular method of cell isolation is fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on probes that bind surface or intracellular markers. In this study, we analyze the impact of FACS on the cell metabolome of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Compared with directly pelleted macrophages, FACS-treated cells had an altered content of metabolites related to the plasma membrane, activating a mechanosensory signaling cascade causing inflammation-like stress. The procedure also triggered alterations related to energy consumption and cell damage. The observed changes mostly derive from the physical impact on cells during their passage through the instrument. These findings provide evidence of FACS-induced biochemical changes, which should be taken into account in the design of robust metabolic assays of cells separated by flow cytometry.
Ultraviolet laser diodes on sapphire and AlN substrates (2009)

The performance characteristics of InAlGaN multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers grown on sapphire and low defect density bulk AlN substrates has been compared. The group III-nitride laser heterostructures were grown on (0001) AlN and c-plane sapphire substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Lasing was observed for optically pumped AlGaInN heterostructures in the wavelength range between 333 nm and 310 nm. A comparison of laser thresholds shows reduced threshold power densities for lasers grown on bulk AlN with threshold densities as low as 175 kW/cm<sup>2</sup> for lasers emitting near 330 nm.
The Age‐Well observational study on expert meditators in the Medit‐Ageing European project (2018)

Results are expected to foster the understanding of the effects of meditation expertise on aging and of the mechanisms of action underlying the meditation intervention in the Age-Well randomized controlled trial. These finding will contribute to the design of meditation-based prevention randomized controlled trials for the aged population and to the exploration of the possible long-time developmental trajectory of meditation training.
Medical Speech Pathology (1998)

No AccessPerspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia)Book Review1 Dec 1998Medical Speech Pathology T. Neil McKaig, Robert M. Miller and Michael E. Groher T. Neil McKaig Google Scholar More articles by this author , Robert M. Miller Google Scholar More articles by this author and Michael E. Groher Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/sasd7.4.20 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "Medical Speech Pathology." Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia), 7(4), p. 20 Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 7Issue 4December 1998Pages: 20-20 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Dec 1, 1998 Metrics Downloaded 20 times Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesasha-sigsCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationLoading ...
Multiple Nested Schema of HBase for Migration from SQL (2014)

With the development of web application, the demand of query performance and expansion becomes increasingly necessary. Relational database seems hardly handling with this, more and more applications choose migrating to NoSQL database such as HBase. The features of high reliability, high performance, column-oriented storage, high scalability, and real-time read and write, won favor from public. In this paper, we use two concepts Nested and Multiple Nested to describe join keys reference relationship between tables in relational database. Because HBase only support the column family nest the column qualifier, it is hard to deal with the situation of Multiple Nested after data migration from relational database meanwhile ensure high query performance in transformed HBase. We propose a novel HBase schema for migrating from relational database to HBase, which supports multiple nested. With this schema in HBase, query only once on one table for any query is needed to get the data, and query efficiency has been greatly improved, especially for join query. Additionally, index migration is available in this scheme, which supports faster query. Finally, this paper proposes a mapping algorithm to find column name corresponding to attribute in relational database.
Tuning Methane Activation Chemistry on Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides by Doping (2018)

We study oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) on alkaline earth metal oxides (AEMOs) doped with either a transition metal (TM) or an alkaline earth metal (AEM) different from that of the host oxide. We assess whether doping can lead to new materials that are better than the pure oxides or deviate from the limitations of the scaling relations. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that doped AEMO surfaces follow similar linear scaling relations as observed on pure AEMO; however, doped surfaces bind the adsorbates, hydrogen, and methyl more strongly. Both TM- and AEM-doped AEMOs show that methane activation mostly occurs through a surface-mediated pathway, where at the transition state the methane C–H bond is stretched, and the methyl interacts mostly with the dopant atom and the hydrogen with the lattice oxygen. The stronger hydrogen binding in the doped surfaces leads to a lower methane activation barrier; however, in some cases, the catalyst surface binds the hydrogen too strongly, poisoning the active site and making the catalyst inactive. The doped systems are largely constrained by the scaling relations, but sites closer to the optimum of the volcano plot exist, suggesting room for improvement.
Nanoscale Lithography with Electron Exposure of SiO 2 Resists (1995)

We report on electron-beam patterned hydrocarbon residues on silicon dioxide as chemical initiators in high temperature HF vapor etching for the production of nanolithographic masks (∼20 nm feature size). These are of utility in reactive ion etching based pattern transfer to the underlying substrate and, potentially, as dielectric components in nanoscale devices. Metallic cobalt, deposited through the oxide mask, has been used to generate 12–20 nm wide lines of cobalt silicide.
8. Neuromuscular Diseases (2008)

糖尿病など全身疾患の合併症でもある末梢神経障害の診断や経過観察上，末梢神経伝導検査は最も標準的な機能検査の一つである．伝導速度だけでなく，複合神経活動電位や複合筋活動電位の振幅も有髄神経の軸索数を反映する指標として重要だが，普段使用している伝導速度は最速線維の情報でしかなく，複合筋活動電位の振幅は運動神経軸索数を間接的にしか反映しないなど，その解釈には注意すべき点があり，本稿において概説する．
Tunable Zero-Index Photonic Crystal Waveguide for Two-Qubit Entanglement Detection (2016)

Preparation and measurement of an entangled state are essential in quantum information applications. The recent theoretical works on preparing and measuring entangled states via coupled quantum dot–waveguide platforms are promising. However, an alternative strategy is still needed for more accessible implementations. In this Article, we propose a simple but powerful medium for quantum information processing and communication consisting of a zero-index photonic crystal (PC) waveguide (WG). By exploiting the zero-index behavior of the PC WG, we overcome the difficulty of sensitivity in quantum dots’ location, which is one of the main challenges for preparing and measuring a two-qubit entangled state. Moreover, our platform possesses the feature of tunability, which allows it to operate in different wavelength regimes. The suggested medium is also promising for realizing long-range spatial coherence as well as long-range entanglement.
Dual Oral Tissue Adhesive Nanofiber Membranes for pH-Responsive Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides (2020)

Bioadhesive membranes with controllable and reversible underwater adhesion are desirable for several biomedical applications ranging from biosensing, drug/therapeutic delivery, and tissue regeneration. Here, we present dual soft mucosal and hard bone/enamel tissue adhesive nanofiber membranes composed of chitosan and pectin derivatives for pH-controlled delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the oral cavity. <i>Ex vivo</i> testing with porcine esophagus (soft mucosal mimic) indicated a 2-fold increase in the mucoadhesion of chitosan membranes with 0.05 wt % oxidized pectin coating, while the uncoated membranes exhibited 3-4-fold stronger adhesion to hydroxyapatite discs (enamel/hard bone mimic) compared to the coated membranes. The former is attributed to a synergistic interaction of surface nanofiber topography, intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and aldehyde-amine chemistry between surface polar groups and mucosal proteins, while the latter may arise from electrostatic interactions between cationic amines (-NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>) in chitosan and anionic phosphates (-PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) in hydroxyapatite. Further, the dual hard-soft oral tissue adhesive nanofiber membranes loaded with cationic amphipathic AMPs (D-GL13K and IDR-1018) elicited pH-responsive AMP delivery and antimicrobial action comparable to chlorhexidine (CHX) against oral streptococci. Concurrently, the AMP loaded membranes were cytocompatible to both soft epithelial tissue-derived human oral keratinocytes and hard calvarial murine pre-osteoblast cells. We envision these membranes to function as adhesive gingival grafts and guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes at the hard-soft tissue interface while simultaneously protecting against oral infections.
RNS-based enhancements for direct digital frequency synthesis (1995)

Two synthesizer designs are presented which exemplify the advantages of the use of the residue number system in direct digital frequency synthesis. The Frequency Agile Direct Synthesizer (FADS) exhibits a frequency switching latency which is reduced by more than a third below that of traditional, binary number system-based designs. The Reduced Area Direct Synthesizer (RADS) has a chip area which is reduced by more than 40% below that of the traditional designs. The area reduction is due to the decomposition of the sine ROM into several small look-up tables accessed in parallel. The latency reduction is due to the shortening of the carry paths in the Phase Accumulator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Detection of Individual Oligonucleotide Pairing by Single-Molecule Microscopy (1998)

Hybridization of 20 mer probe oligonucleotides to complementary, surface-immobilized target oligonucleotides was visualized on a single-molecule basis by fluorescence microscopy. Coincident determination of the positions of both the target and the probe oligonucleotides using dual-wavelength fluorescence labeling allowed for highly reliable discrimination of specifically bound probe molecules from those being physisorbed. The figures of merit of the assay are characterized by the low probability for false positive (10(-4)) events and the high speed for detection of up to hundreds of different DNA fragments per second. The probability for false negative events is limited by the biochemical binding probability of short oligonucleotides. The potentials and limitations of this methodology for single-cell single-DNA analysis are discussed.
Base Station Positioning and Relocation in Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Base station (BS) positioning is considered an effective method to improve the performance of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The goal of this dissertation is to minimize total energy consumption and to prolong lifetime of a WSN. First, the idea of the BS positioning in WSNs through our exhaustive search algorithm is evaluated; where it is shown that the BS position has an undeniable effect on the energy efficiency and lifespan of a WSN. Then, a metric-aware optimal BS positioning and relocation mechanism for WSNs is proposed. This technique locates the BS with respect to the available energy resources and the amount of traffic travelling through the sensor nodes at the time. Moreover, a BS relocation technique is presented in response to the dynamic environment that the sensor nodes operate in. Specifically, two optimization strategies based on the value of the path loss exponent are analyzed as weighted linear or nonlinear least squares minimization problems. Lastly, a distributed algorithm is proposed that can effectively handle the required computation by exploiting the nodes’ cooperation. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed BS positioning and relocation method can significantly improve the lifespan and energy efficiency in WSNs.
Overview of U.S. heavy ion fusion progress and plans (2004)

Author(s): Logan, G.; Bieniosek`, F.; Celata, C.; Henestroza, E.; Kwan, J; Lee, E.P.; Leitner, M.; Prost, L.; Roy, P.; Seidl, P.A.; Eylon, S.; Vay, J.-L.; Waldron, W.; Yu, S.; Barnard, J.; Callahan, D.; Cohen, R.; Friedman, A.; Grote, D.; Kireeff Covo, M.; Meier, W.R.; Molvik, A.; Lund, S.; Davidson, R.; Efthimion, P.; Gilson, E.; Grisham, L.; Kaganovich, I.; Qin, H.; Startsev, E.; Rose, D.; Welch, D.; Olson, C.; Kishek, R.; O'Shea, P.; Haber, I.
Phenotypic heterogeneity in families with the myoclonic epilepsy and ragged‐red fiber disease point mutation in mitochondrial DNA (1993)

Two families with a point mutation in mtDNA associated with myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fiber disease showed pronounced clinical heterogeneity. The mothers of the two families had adult-onset myopathy with ragged-red fibers, partial deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase, and sensory neuropathy. Members of the first family had variable clinical features of progressive ataxic-myoclonic encephalomyopathy and of the other family, primarily adult-onset myopathy. There was a point mutation from A to G at nucleotide pair 8344 located in the tRNALys gene of the mtDNA of all patients tested, three in Family 1, and the mother of Family 2. This clinical heterogeneity may reflect the effects of varying proportions of mutant and wild-type mtDNA in the different organ systems in each individual.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of a Dinuclear Platinum(II) Complex with Hydrogen Peroxide. (1987)

Abstract The oxidation of the dinuclear complex ion (I) with H 2 O 2 to produce dinuclear Pt(IV) ions with cis‐arrangement of the amine ligands is described.
Polychlorinated Convulsant Insecticides Potentiate the Protective Effect of NaCl Against Heat Inactivation of [3H]Flunitrazepam Binding Sites (1989)

Six polychlorinated convulsant insecticides that potently inhibit t-[35S]butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPS) binding to rat brain membranes also potentiate the protective effect of NaCl (200 mM) against heat inactivation of [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites on the same membranes. Similar effects were obtained with all "cage" convulsants tested. The rank order of potencies as heat protection potentiators was similar to the rank order of potencies as inhibitors of [35S]TBPS binding (alpha-endosulfan greater than endrin greater than dieldrin greater than toxaphene greater than lindane). alpha-Endosulfan and endrin are more potent in both respects than any previously reported picrotoxin-like (cage) convulsant, but are much less toxic to mammals. The greatly reduced toxicities of alpha-endosulfan and endrin in mammals may reflect partial gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-neutral properties of these compounds. Time courses of heat inactivation of [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites in the presence of 200 mM NaCl plus saturating concentrations of endrin or picrotoxin revealed monophasic components constituting about 88% of the binding sites, suggesting that virtually all [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites are coupled to picrotoxin binding sites in the GABA/benzodiazepine/picrotoxin receptor complex. Protection against heat inactivation constitutes a useful tool for characterizing the various allosterically linked binding sites in neurotransmitter receptor complexes.
Learning and Exploiting Partial Knowledge in Distributed Estimation (2021)

In distributed estimation, several sensor nodes provide estimates of the same underlying dynamic process. These estimates are correlated but due to local processing, the correlations are only partially known or even unknown. For a consistent fusion of the local estimates, the correlation needs to be properly treated. Many methods provide consistent but overly conservative fusion results. In this paper, we propose to learn partial knowledge about the correlation in the form of correlation sets and exploit this knowledge to provide less conservative estimates. We use a simple numerical example to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach in terms of quality and consistency and how the quality of the fused estimate increases with time.
Automated discrimination of dicentric and monocentric chromosomes by machine learning‐based image processing (2016)

Dose from radiation exposure can be estimated from dicentric chromosome (DC) frequencies in metaphase cells of peripheral blood lymphocytes. We automated DC detection by extracting features in Giemsa-stained metaphase chromosome images and classifying objects by machine learning (ML). DC detection involves (i) intensity thresholded segmentation of metaphase objects, (ii) chromosome separation by watershed transformation and elimination of inseparable chromosome clusters, fragments and staining debris using a morphological decision tree filter, (iii) determination of chromosome width and centreline, (iv) derivation of centromere candidates, and (v) distinction of DCs from monocentric chromosomes (MC) by ML. Centromere candidates are inferred from 14 image features input to a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Sixteen features derived from these candidates are then supplied to a Boosting classifier and a second SVM which determines whether a chromosome is either a DC or MC. The SVM was trained with 292 DCs and 3135 MCs, and then tested with cells exposed to either low (1 Gy) or high (2-4 Gy) radiation dose. Results were then compared with those of 3 experts. True positive rates (TPR) and positive predictive values (PPV) were determined for the tuning parameter, σ. At larger σ, PPV decreases and TPR increases. At high dose, for σ = 1.3, TPR = 0.52 and PPV = 0.83, while at σ = 1.6, the TPR = 0.65 and PPV = 0.72. At low dose and σ = 1.3, TPR = 0.67 and PPV = 0.26. The algorithm differentiates DCs from MCs, overlapped chromosomes and other objects with acceptable accuracy over a wide range of radiation exposures.
Tumor vascular targeting (2006)

Conventional tumor therapy typically suffers from a lack of specificity, leading to a poor therapeutic index and adverse events. The selective delivery of bioactive molecules to tumor sites represents an attractive therapeutic strategy, which promises to spare normal organs and yield medicinal agents with improved therapeutic ratios. For targeting the tumor environment, newly formed blood vessels represent an ideal target for the delivery of bioactive molecules, since they are readily accessible from the bloodstream and are different at a molecular and morphological level from the normal vasculature. Tumors can not grow beyond a certain size without establishing a blood supply of their own. As such, angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels, represents a therapeutically interesting concept, as in adults this process is essentially limited to the tumor environment. Considerable effort has already been directed towards the development of agents (so-called antiangiogenics) capable of interfering with the process of neovascularization. It has now become evident that the targeted delivery of bioactive molecules to the tumor neovasculature represents a distinct, attractive avenue for biomedical intervention. This review presents evidence that tumor vascular targeting is an effective therapeutic strategy in animal models, describes the means of discovering new vascular targets and discusses the current and future of tumor vascular targeting activities in the clinical setting.
The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index as a measure of synergy (1983)

The value of the FIC index as a predictor of synergy has been investigated using the antibacterial agents alafosfalin and cephalexin combined together with themselves in fully blind experiments. Under the conditions used, even weak interaction (FIC index 0.5-0.99) proved to be statistically highly significant. The use of such fully controlled blind studies would greatly enhance the credibility of many of the claims of synergy published in the literature. The representation of results as average isobolograms is only of value with combinations which show moderate to strong interaction.