gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How Does The Quality of Students' Highlights Affect Their Learning Performance in e-Book Reading (2020)

28th International Conference on Computers in Education, 23-27 November 2020, Web conference.
Next-Generation Hypoxic Cell Radiosensitizers: Nitroimidazole Alkylsulfonamides (2017)

Innovations in the field of radiotherapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy, along with the advent of radio-immuno-oncology, herald new opportunities for classical oxygen-mimetic radiosensitizers. The role of hypoxic tumor cells in resistance to radiotherapy and in suppression of immune response continues to endorse tumor hypoxia as a bona fide, yet largely untapped, drug target. Only nimorazole is used clinically as a radiosensitizer, and there is a dearth of new radiosensitizers in development. Here we present a survey of novel nitroimidazole alkylsulfonamides and document their cytotoxicity and ability to radiosensitize anoxic tumor cells in vitro. We use a phosphate prodrug approach to increase aqueous solubility and to improve tumor drug delivery. A 2-nitroimidazole and a 5-nitroimidazole analogue demonstrated marked tumor radiosensitization in either ex vivo assays of surviving clonogens or tumor regrowth delay.
DNA polymerase Î³ and disease: what we have learned from yeast (2015)

Mip1 is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerase γ (Pol γ), which is responsible for the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It belongs to the family A of the DNA polymerases and it is orthologs to human POLGA. In humans, mutations in POLG(1) cause many mitochondrial pathologies, such as progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), Alpers' syndrome, and ataxia-neuropathy syndrome, all of which present instability of mtDNA, which results in impaired mitochondrial function in several tissues with variable degrees of severity. In this review, we summarize the genetic and biochemical knowledge published on yeast mitochondrial DNA polymerase from 1989, when the MIP1 gene was first cloned, up until now. The role of yeast is particularly emphasized in (i) validating the pathological mutations found in human POLG and modeled in MIP1, (ii) determining the molecular defects caused by these mutations and (iii) finding the correlation between mutations/polymorphisms in POLGA and mtDNA toxicity induced by specific drugs. We also describe recent findings regarding the discovery of molecules able to rescue the phenotypic defects caused by pathological mutations in Mip1, and the construction of a model system in which the human Pol γ holoenzyme is expressed in yeast and complements the loss of Mip1.
Retrodirective array for RFID and microwave tracking beacon applications (2005)

Abstract A novel and compact four‐element retrodirective array (RDA) prototype is realized. It demonstrates excellent performance in terms of retrodirectivity and sensitivity. Each element employs a phase conjugator (a biased FET mixer) with a conversion gain of 5.46 dB. The LO is set at 19.61 GHz and is pumped into the element while the RF operates at 9.8 GHz. The mixer generates an IF signal with a frequency offset of 10 MHz from the RF to separate the transponded signal from the interrogating signal. Retrodirectivity is observed over a wide range of incidence angles from −50° to +50°. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 409–411, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21365
Advances in the Chemistry of Adamantane (1970)

The review deals with the latest data on the chemistry of adamantane and its nearest homologues — noradamantane and homoadamantane. A systematic account is given of the methods for the preparation of adamantane derivatives. The reactivities of the bridgehead and bridge sites in the adamantane structure have been considered in detail. The bibliography includes 192 references.
Computed Tomographic Scanning of Cervical Spine Fractures: Does It Influence Treatment? (1999)

CT scanning afforded additional information for all observers. Experienced observers can reliably determine treatment plans for cervical spine trauma diagnosed on plain films alone, whereas inexperienced observers are less reliable. For the experienced observers, interobserver agreement on treatment plans increased after the addition of CT.
Hybrid and Environmental Effects on Gene Expression in Poplar Clones in Pure and Mixed with Black Locust Stands (2020)

Mixed cropping might be seen as an alternative to monocultures by better protecting biodiversity and improving ecosystem services and resources. In the presented study, we tested the genetic and ecological effects of pure and mixed propagation of different poplar hybrids planted together with black locust trees. Poplar (Populus) hybrids are widely used for bioenergy in monoculture systems due to their rapid and high biomass production. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a species with the ability to fix nitrogen and seen as a promising candidate for mixed cultivation. Eight different poplar hybrids and black locust trees from three provenances planted in two study sites with different environmental conditions were tested in varying combinations in pure and mixed stands to observe effects of the different hybrids and genotypes, site conditions and the mixed growing on the performance of poplar and its gene expression. Transcriptome analyses of leaves from four poplar clones selected according to their divergent growth performance were conducted to study differential gene expression that can be an important indicator of differences in growing conditions and success. Differences in gene expression were most pronounced among hybrids and different genotypes of the same hybrid, followed by the study site influence, and were least pronounced between mixed and pure stands. The genotypes of the same hybrid were clearly separated from each other. Clear separation between the study sites for all clones was also observed. Only a few genes were differently expressed in pure vs. mixed stand comparisons for each clone, but there were no common genes that were differently expressed in pure vs. mixed stands in all clones. In total, 199 genes showed differential expression between the study sites regardless of poplar clone or type of stands. The analysis suggested that plant genotypes and environmental conditions were more important at the early stage of stand development than pure or mixed cultivation.
Critical Studies (1996)

‘The study of literature has clearly changed profoundly in many ways during the last twenty years or so, and all of us have perforce participated in these changes with varying degrees of delight, resistance, confusion, excitement and so on.’ Edward Pechter’s summary is undeniably accurate, and over the last five years it has often been convenient to use the varying responses to this changing landscape as a means of structuring the first section of this annual survey. But in this, my final year, there seems to have come something of a change of temper. In place of often acrimonious confrontation there seems to be more interest in modes of accommodation between different critical perspectives. Edward Pechter’s book, What Was Shakespeare?, is, indeed, founded upon an attempt not to reconcile conflicting positions, but to accept the fact of disagreement as necessary, inevitable and irresolvable, and to characterize it as something to live with and through. In a series of rewritings of already published essays he gives his grounds, often wittily, for a belief that ‘the fundamental conflicts within Shakespeare criticism cannot be resolved’. But his response is neither despair, nor an embattled espousal of one or other critical position, but a Rortyinspired pragmatism, so that the answer to the question ‘What is to be done?’ turns out to be ‘business as usual’.
Granular Synthesis: Experiments In Live Performance (2002)

This paper describes current research into Granular synthesis. It outlines the design and performance of a musical instrument based upon this Synthesis method. The instrument, design, process and products are used as a research tool for examining granular synthesis in real-time performance on a low budget. 1
Immunohistochemical expression of retinoblastoma gene product (Rb), p53 protein, MDM2, c-erbB-2, HLA-DR and proliferation indices in human urinary bladder carcinoma. (2000)

Archival biopsy specimens from transitional cell bladder cancers (n=88) were analysed immunohistochemically for the expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene protein, p53, mdm2, c-erbB-2, HLA-DR antigen and proliferation indices. An altered nuclear expression of Rb, p53 and mdm2 was observed in 55.2%, 33.3% and 18.2% of tumors respectively. Cytoplasmic membrane immunoreactivity (>25% tumor cells) for c-erbB-2 was detected in 14.1% of tumors and aberrant HLA-DR antigen cytoplasmic staining (>5% of tumor cells) in 22.2% of the cases. P53 overexpression was associated with higher tumor grade and stage. Aberrant HLA-DR antigen expression and PCNA were also correlated with the grade of differentiation and tumor stage. MIB1 was statistically correlated with stage. pRb scores and HLA-DR antigen expression were correlated with proliferation activity as determined by PCNA and MIB1 immunostaining. p53 protein was also strongly correlated with the proliferation index PCNA. A strong correlation between PCNA and MIB1 (p<0.0001) was also found. In addition a statistically positive correlation between p53 and HLA-DR antigen expression was observed. Our data show that, although pRb and p53 protein expressions are not associated between them, they may contribute to the growth fraction of the bladder cancer. In addition, p53 and HLA-DR antigen expression could be indicators of aggressive behavior of bladder cancer.
Continuous Cultivation of Microalgae in Cattle Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treated with Hydrodynamic Cavitation (2022)

Cattle slaughtering produce large amounts of wastewater containing high concentrations of organic matter and nutrients and requires significant treatment before disposal or reutilization. However, the nutrients contained can be valued as a medium for microalgal biomass generation. In this work, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) followed by membrane filtration or biological (microalgae cultivation) treatment in continuous mode were performed. From cattle slaughterhouse wastewater (CSW), by the effect of HC treatment with air injection in batch mode, more than 20% of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was removed. In a continuous HC process, the COD content in output was 324 mg O2/L, which is 68% lower than the supplied CSW. After that, 76% of residual COD was removed by filtration through a tubular alumina membrane (600 nm). Finally, 85% of residual COD after HC treatment in 24 h in a batch mode was removed by microalgae. On the other hand, the COD concentration in the output was around 59 mg O2/L in continuous mode, which represents 85–93% COD removal. The process involving HC and microalgae growing looks promising since in addition to water treatment, the microalgae produced could be valued in a biorefinery concept.
Therapeutic Hypothermia in Children (2015)

We commend the authors for this challenging multicenter randomized study on the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in comatose children after cardiac arrest. 1 Indeed, 1355 patients were screened to eventually lead to 260 evaluations of the primary outcome, 1-year survival with a VABS-II score of ≥70.Conclusions from this study, however, are hampered by its limited power.It was designed to detect an absolute survival difference of 15-20% assuming a survival rate of 15-35% in normothermic patients with a power of 85%; under these overly optimistic and unfounded conditions despite pertinent literature, 2-4 only 276 patients were calculated to be needed.An absolute difference of 8%, however, still corresponding to >50% relative increase in neurologically acceptable survival, and a 0.14 p-value strongly suggest that the study was severely underpowered (42%) to rightfully reject the null-hypothesis under these conditions.Therefore, it would be premature to conclude that withholding TH from pediatric patients does not make a difference in outcome.A >50% increased survival, though not significant due to suboptimal study design, points in a very different direction.
Joint algorithm-architecture optimization of CABAC to increase speed and reduce area cost (2011)

To address the increasing demand for higher resolution and frame rates, processing speed (i.e. performance) and area cost need to be considered in the development of next generation video coding. Accordingly, both algorithm and architecture should be taken into account during video codec design. This paper proposes joint optimization of both the algorithm and architecture to ensure that high coding efficiency can be achieved in conjunction with high processing speed and low area cost. Specifically, it presents two optimizations that can be performed on Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC), a form of entropy coding in H.264/AVC. First, subinterval reordering is proposed for the arithmetic de coder to increase the processing speed by 14 to 22% with no cost to coding efficiency. Second, modification of the motion vector difference (mvd) context selection is proposed to reduce memory requirements (i.e. area cost) by 50% with negligible coding efficiency impact (≤0.02%). These joint algorithm and architecture optimizations are non-standard com pliant and thus are well suited to be used in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), the successor to H.264/AVC.
The Arabidopsis RING Finger E3 Ligase RHA2a Is a Novel Positive Regulator of Abscisic Acid Signaling during Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development (2009)

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is well known for its regulatory roles in integrating environmental constraints with the developmental programs of plants. Here, we characterize the biological function of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RING-H2 protein RHA2a in ABA signaling. The rha2a mutant is less sensitive to ABA than the wild type during seed germination and early seedling development, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing RHA2a are hypersensitive, indicating that RHA2a positively regulates ABA-mediated control of seed germination and early seedling development. Double mutant analyses of rha2a with several known ABA-insensitive mutants suggest that the action of RHA2a in ABA signaling is independent of that of the transcription factors ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5. We provide evidence showing that RHA2a also positively regulates plant responses to salt and osmotic stresses during seed germination and early seedling development. RHA2a is a functional E3 ubiquitin ligase, and its conserved RING domain is likely important for the biological function of RHA2a in ABA signaling. Together, these results suggest that the E3 ligase RHA2a is an important regulator of ABA signaling during seed germination and early seedling development.
1-Acetoxy-1,3-butadiene (2001)

[1515-76-0] C6H8O2 (MW 112.13) (2π or 4π partner in cycloaddition reactions;1 mono-oxygenation allows high levels of regiocontrol2) Alternate Name: 1,3-butadienyl acetate. Physical Data: bp 60–61 °C/40 mmHg; d 0.945 g cm−3. Form Supplied in: colorless liquid, available as an unspecified mixture of (E) and (Z) isomers.3 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: classified as a flammable liquid and is reputed to be toxic. Compound polymerizes upon extended storage and can be regenerated by distillation. Avoid polymerization initiators. Diene performs best when stored in the cold.
Controller structure and design of firing angle controllers for (unit connected) HVDC systems (2002)

This paper investigates the control of a HVDC link, fed from an AC source through a controlled rectifier and feeding an AC line through a controlled inverter. The overall objective is to maintain maximum possible link voltage at the inverter while regulating the link current. In this paper the practical feedback design issues are investigated with a view of obtaining simple, robust designs that are easy to evaluate for safety and operability. The investigations are applicable to back-to-back links used for frequency decoupling and to long DC lines. The design issues discussed include: (i) a review of overall system dynamics to establish the time scale of different feedback loops and to highlight feedback design issues; (ii) the concept of using the inverter firing angle control to regulate link current when the rectifier firing angle controller saturates; and (iii) the design issues for the individual controllers including robust design for varying line conditions and the trade-off between controller complexity and the reduction of nonlinearity and disturbance effects.
Developing a low-cost multispectral imager for detecting algal blooms in rivers (2023)

A low-cost multispectral imager is described for routine monitoring of Cladophora nuisance algae and bluegreen algae in narrow rivers that are not spatially resolved by satellites. The goal is to identify algal blooms and estimate the chlorophyll a (chl a) and phycocyanin content from a network of low-cost imagers that can be mounted on bridges, trees, or other convenient objects at key river locations. The preliminary design uses Raspberry Pi cameras and computers with bandpass filters at 568, 671, 700, and 825 nm, based on data gathered with an airborne hyperspectral imager on the Upper Clark Fork River in southwestern Montana USA. This paper summarizes the initial design, calibration measurements, and preliminary reflectance data.
Experimental study of Tc100 β decay with total absorption γ-ray spectroscopy (2017)

The $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{100}\mathrm{Tc}$ has been studied by using the total absorption $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopy technique at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line facility in Jyv\"askyl\"a. In this work the new Decay Total Absorption $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray Spectrometer in coincidence with a cylindrical plastic $\ensuremath{\beta}$ detector has been employed. The $\ensuremath{\beta}$ intensity to the ground state obtained from the analysis is in good agreement with previous high-resolution measurements. However, differences in the feeding to the first-excited state as well as weak feeding to a new level at high excitation energy have been deduced from this experiment. Theoretical calculations performed in the quasiparticle random-phase approximation framework are also reported. Comparison of these calculations with our measurement serves as a benchmark for calculations of the double $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{100}\mathrm{Mo}$.
Bacillus tianshenii sp. nov., isolated from a marine sediment sample (2014)

A novel Gram-stain-positive, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, aerobic, endospore-forming, peritrichous, rod-shaped bacterium, designated YIM M13235(T), was isolated from a marine sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM M13235(T) belonged to the genus Bacillus. The strain grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 7.0 and in the presence of 2-4% (w/v) NaCl. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Strain YIM M13235(T) exhibited a menaquinone system with MK-7, and the major polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, four unknown phospholipids and one unknown glycolipid. The major fatty acids (>5%) were iso-C(15 : 0), anteiso-C(15 : 0), anteiso-C(17 : 0), iso-C(17 : 1)ω10c and summed feature 4 (anteiso-C(17 : 1) and/or iso-C(17 : 1)). The genomic DNA G+C content was 42.1 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain YIM M13235(T) and its close relatives (16S rRNA gene sequence similarities >97%) including Bacillus halmapalus DSM 8723(T), Bacillus horikoshii DSM 8719(T) and Bacillus zhanjiangensis JSM 099021(T) were 41%, 44% and 44%, respectively. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and DNA-DNA relatedness data, it is apparent that strain YIM M13235(T) represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus tianshenii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM M13235(T) ( = DSM 25879(T) = KCTC 33044(T)).
Design and implementation of a wide-band real-time mobile channel emulator (1999)

A new wide-band mobile channel emulator for the CODIT project is designed and implemented. The UMTS code-division testbed (CODIT R2020) is a research project within the European RACE-II program set up by the Commission of the European Community. Our goal is to be able to simulate in the laboratory, in real time, the multipath propagation found in the mobile radio channel. As code-division multiple access (CDMA) is the access technique within the CODIT project, it was realized that the channel emulator must have simultaneously good delay resolution between propagation paths and long duration of the impulse response. These considerations led to a very flexible channel emulator specifically designed to host the new wide-band channel models developed within the CODIT project. Our emulator features three independent inputs and two outputs, up to 20 complex propagation paths, 10-MHz radio frequency (RF) bandwidth, a delay resolution of 50 ns, and a maximum duration of the channel impulse response of 80 μs. Starting with an explanation of the global structure of the new channel emulator, we derive the optimum design of the interpolation procedures and present the main implementation issues arising from our initial architecture. Finally, we report the results of the laboratory tests of the first prototype of the channel emulator.
Speeding up the design of dialogue applications by using database contents and structure information (2009)

Nowadays, most commercial and research dialogue applications for call centers are created using sophisticated and fully-feature development platforms. Surprisingly, most of them lack of some kind of acceleration strategy based on an automatic analysis of the contents or structure of the backend database. This paper describes our efforts to incorporate this kind of information which continues the work done in (D'Haro et al, 2006). Our main proposed strategies are: the generation of automatic state proposals for defining the dialogue flow network, the automatic selection of slots to be requested using mixed-initiative, the semi-automatic generation of SQL statements, and the quick generation of the data model of the application and the connection with the database fields. Subjective and objective evaluations demonstrate the advantages of using the accelerations and their high acceptance, both in our current proposals and in previous work.
Imiquimod directly inhibits Hedgehog signalling by stimulating adenosine receptor/protein kinase A-mediated GLI phosphorylation (2013)

Imiquimod (IMQ), a nucleoside analogue of the imidazoquinoline family, is used in the topical treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and other skin diseases. It is reported to be a TLR7 and TLR8 agonist and, as such, initiates a Th1 immune response by activating sentinel cells in the vicinity of the tumour. BCC is a hedgehog (HH)-driven malignancy with oncogenic glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) signalling activated in a ligand-independent manner. Here we show that IMQ can also directly repress HH signalling by negatively modulating GLI activity in BCC and medulloblastoma cells. Further, we provide evidence that the repressive effect of IMQ on HH signalling is not dependent on TLR/MYD88 signalling. Our results suggest a mechanism for IMQ engaging adenosine receptors (ADORAs) to control GLI signalling. Pharmacological activation of ADORA with either an ADORA agonist or IMQ resulted in a protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated GLI phosphorylation and reduction in GLI activator levels. The activation of PKA and HH pathway target gene downregulation in response to IMQ were abrogated by ADORA inhibition. Furthermore, activated Smoothened signalling, which positively signals to GLI transcription factors, could be effectively counteracted by IMQ. These results reveal a previously unknown mode of action of IMQ in the treatment of BCC and also suggest a role for ADORAs in the regulation of oncogenic HH signalling.