gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-valent transition metal cyanides: a crown ether strategy for the development of their solution chemistry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLow-valent transition metal cyanides: a crown ether strategy for the development of their solution chemistryR. Del Rosario and L. S. StuhlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 4, 1160–1161Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00316a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00316a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photophysical Properties of 9,10-Disubstituted Anthracene Derivatives in Solution and Films (2011)

We have carried out absorption, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence quantum yield measurements of four new soluble anthracene derivatives. They show natural radiative lifetimes in the range of 2.5-4.4 ns, which is 5-10 times shorter than those reported for unsubstituted anthracene. The 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA) derivatives show the largest fluorescence transition dipoles, which is attributed to extended π-conjugation between anthracene and phenyls through acetylene linkages. Spin-cast films of the BPEA derivatives show strong fluorescence quenching by weakly emitting low energy excitations, which is attributed to excimer-like traps. Quenching is significantly reduced when bulky dendrons are attached so that they give maximum coverage of the emitting chromophore and prevent their aggregation. The results show that anthracene derivatives can be developed into efficient solution-processable fluorescent emitters for the blue and green spectral regions.
Differential effects of cytotoxic agents on hematopoietic progenitors. (1981)

In order to predict the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on the hematopoietic progenitor compartment, it is necessary to have a hypothesis concerning the dynamics of the cells within the compartment. By viewing this compartment as a continuum of cells with varying self-renewal capacity, one can assess the significance of the stem cell damage incurred following a single drug dose. Vinblastine, 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) were investigated. The acute toxicity of the drug-exposed marrow was studied by the colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) and agar diffusion chamber assay. Busulfan and BCNU were found to kill CFU-S preferentially. By following CFU-S recovery for 14 days post drug, different recovery patterns are noted. Busulfan and BCNU produce prolonged depression in CFU-S, whereas cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil show relatively rapid recovery. If one determines the Rs (a measure of proliferative capacity) after drug, busulfan and, to a lesser extent, BCNU produce a prolonged depression without return to normal even 650 days post drug. No such depression is noted with the other drugs. The data from the recovery curves and Rs support the notion of stem cells being heterogeneous with regard to self-renewal capacity. The agar diffusion chamber and CFU-S acute survival curves would not have predicted which drugs cause significant proliferative damage. Only with the use of CFU-S recovery and ratio of CFU-S can prolonged marrow damage be ascertained.
Simulated annealing using the classical density distribution (1994)

Three algorithms for global energy minimization based on the simulated annealing of the classical density distribution are presented. The first is based on annealing the classical density distribution directly in temperature and is the classical analog of imaginary time quantum dynamics. Another two algorithms are based on the approximate solution of the classical Liouville equation for the dynamics of a system coupled to a heat bath using a rigid temperature constraint and Fokker–Planck dynamics. These three methods are compared with standard simulated annealing based on molecular dynamics. The results for a series of Lennard-Jones clusters demonstrate that by annealing the continuous density distribution (representing a volume of phase points) the likelihood of finding the global minimum is dramatically enhanced.
Zone compensated multilayer laue lens and apparatus and method of fabricating the same (2023)

A multilayer Laue Lens includes a compensation layer formed in between a first multilayer section and a second multilayer section. Each of the first and second multilayer sections includes a plurality of alternating layers made of a pair of different materials. Also, the thickness of layers of the first multilayer section is monotonically increased so that a layer adjacent the substrate has a minimum thickness, and the thickness of layers of the second multilayer section is monotonically decreased so that a layer adjacent the compensation layer has a maximum thickness. In particular, the compensation layer of the multilayer Laue lens has an in-plane thickness gradient laterally offset by 90.degree. as compared to other layers in the first and second multilayer sections, thereby eliminating the strict requirement of the placement error.
Electrical characterization of DNA molecules in solution using impedance measurements (2008)

We report on impedance measurements of fluids to examine the impact of the length and concentration of free-floating double-stranded DNA molecules. The impedance versus frequency characteristics were fitted to an equivalent circuit model including solution dielectric capacitance and conductance. The extraction of these parameters can be used to detect the presence of DNA molecules in the nanomolar range for a 400bp long molecule. Our results show that the extracted dielectric capacitance and conductance increase with molecule length and concentration owing to a corresponding increase in number of molecule dipoles and counterions in solution.
Lipid Technologies and Applications (2018)

Introduction: fatty acids and lipid structure major sources of lipids phospholipids lipids and nutrition. Processing: extraction of lipids from natural sources refining oil storage, transport, and handling fractionation interesterification of oils and fats hydrogenation of edible oils - technology and applications. Food emulsions: butter, margarine, spread, and baking fats ice cream cream alternatives. Nonaqueous foods: ghee, vanaspati, and special applications of fats in India chocolate and confectionery fats frying oils and salad oils. Special food applications: edible coating and film barriers spray processing of fat-containing foodstuffs - spray drying and cooling low calorie fats food emulsifiers lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition and drug delivery the role of lipids in animal feeds. Nonfood uses: anionic detergents cationic surfactants nonionic surfactants lipids - their use in personal care products the use of oils and fatty acids in paints and surface coatings lubricants epoxidized oils bio-fuels products from castor oil.
Electrochemical Characterisation of Co@Co(OH)2 Core‐Shell Nanoparticles and their Aggregation in Solution (2020)

Abstract Core‐shell Co@Co(OH) 2 nanoparticles are characterised electrochemically with particular focus on the thin shell of cobalt (II) hydroxide which stabilises the metallic cobalt core against further oxidation in the presence of air. Voltammetric characterisation allows insights into the nature of the shell so both complementing and providing information unavailable using electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Moreover, the electrode reactions, occurring at particle ensembles, of the further oxidation of surface Co(OH) 2 to CoOOH under alkaline conditions are further evidenced at the single particle level using electrochemical particle‐electrode impacts (or ‘nano‐impacts’). On this basis, the large extent of particle agglomeration/aggregation of Co@Co(OH) 2 nanoparticles while suspended in the solutions is inferred.
Treatment of Murine Transplanted Subcutaneous Tumors Using Systemic Drug Administration (2003)

In vitro data have shown an increased cytotoxic drug uptake into electropermeabilized cells in suspension, leading to a marked cytotoxicity increase (1). Preclinical experiments were required to demonstrate the in vivo applicability of these observations. Obviously, the most convenient laboratory animal model to test new antitumor treatments is the mouse. Indeed, there exist many tumors of different histological types which can be transplanted in mice, either in immunocompetent mice in the case of syngeneic tumors or in immunodepressed mice in the case of allogeneic or xenogeneic tumors. From a practical point of view, mice have the advantage to be rather cheap and to allow a large number of experiments. Moreover, murine tumors are generally easy to transplant, grow rapidly, and can be conveniently followed for their evolution, at least in the case of subcutaneous tumors. Finally, murine subcutaneous tumors are well adapted to test the antitumor effects of electrochemotherapy since they allow the use of a rather simple material to conveniently apply transcutaneous permeabilizing electric pulses.
Novel Photo-Reactive Acrylamide-Based Copolymers Instantly Gave the Sensitive Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels (2006)

Novel photo-cross-linkable polymers were synthesized for the preparation of the hydrogels with both pH- and temperature-responsive properties. Photo-reactive 4-aminobenzophenone (BP) was introduced into the side groups of poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide-co-2-carboxyisopropylacrylamide). This starting copolymer was designed for the highly random sequences of comonomers. The introduction degree of BP was controlled by changing the ratio between the BP and the carboxyl groups. The cylinder-shaped hydrogel was easily prepared by UV irradiation for a few minutes. The photo-cross-linked hydrogels exhibited clear volume phase transitions in response to both pH and temperature changes and expected to be used for drug delivery systems.
Crystal structure and thermoelectric properties of the mixed layered compounds of the (GeTe)/sub m/(Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/)/sub m/ homologous series (2002)

The initial members of the (GeTe)/sub n/(Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/)/sub m/ homologous series (Ge/sub 3/Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 6/, GeBi/sub 2/Te/sub 4/ and GeBi/sub 4/Te/sub 7/ compounds) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction study. A high degree of lattice disorder is found in the melt-grown compounds. The dependences of the a and c/N parameters of the hexagonal lattices (N-number of layers per unit cell) on the cation-to-anion ratio have been analyzed for nGeTe.mBi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ compounds. These dependences were considered to be very dose to linear. Based on these results, the lattice parameters were evaluated for another member of the homologous series for which experimental data are absent. A strong dependence of thermoelectric properties at 300 K on deviation from stoichiometry has been found for three above-mentioned compounds. All three compounds are characterized by extremely low lattice thermal conductivity which is probably related to the high degree of disorder in the cation sublattice as well as in the anion one.
Random Warping Series: A Random Features Method for Time-Series\n Embedding (2018)

Time series data analytics has been a problem of substantial interests for\ndecades, and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) has been the most widely adopted\ntechnique to measure dissimilarity between time series. A number of\nglobal-alignment kernels have since been proposed in the spirit of DTW to\nextend its use to kernel-based estimation method such as support vector\nmachine. However, those kernels suffer from diagonal dominance of the Gram\nmatrix and a quadratic complexity w.r.t. the sample size. In this work, we\nstudy a family of alignment-aware positive definite (p.d.) kernels, with its\nfeature embedding given by a distribution of \\emph{Random Warping Series\n(RWS)}. The proposed kernel does not suffer from the issue of diagonal\ndominance while naturally enjoys a \\emph{Random Features} (RF) approximation,\nwhich reduces the computational complexity of existing DTW-based techniques\nfrom quadratic to linear in terms of both the number and the length of\ntime-series. We also study the convergence of the RF approximation for the\ndomain of time series of unbounded length. Our extensive experiments on 16\nbenchmark datasets demonstrate that RWS outperforms or matches state-of-the-art\nclassification and clustering methods in both accuracy and computational time.\nOur code and data is available at {\n\\url{https://github.com/IBM/RandomWarpingSeries}}.\n
Implementing Malleability on MPI Jobs (2004)

Parallel jobs are characterized for having processes that communicate and synchronize with each other frequently. A processor allocation strategy widely used in parallel supercomputers is Space-Sharing, that is assigning a processors partition to each job for its exclusive use. In this article we present a global solution to offer virtual Malleability on message-passing parallel jobs, by applying a processor allocation strategy, the Folding by JobType (FJT). This technique is based on Folding and Moldability concepts and tries to decide the optimal initial number of processes, when to fold jobs and the number of folding times by analyzing the current and past system information. At processor level, we apply Co-Scheduling. We implement and evaluate the FJT under several workloads with different job sizes, classes and machine utilization. Results show that the FJT adapts easily to load changes, and can obtain better performance than the rest evaluated, on workloads with high coefficient variation and especially with burst arrivals.
Correlation of Global and Gene-Specific DNA Methylation in Maternal-Infant Pairs (2010)

The inheritance of DNA methylation patterns is a popular theory to explain the influence of parental genetic and environmental factors on the phenotype of their offspring but few studies have examined this relationship in humans. Using 120 paired maternal-umbilical cord blood samples randomly selected from a prospective birth cohort in Bangladesh, we quantified DNA methylation by pyrosequencing seven CpG positions in the promoter region of p16, four CpG positions in the promoter region of p53, LINE-1 and Alu. Positive correlations were observed between maternal and umbilical cord blood at p16, LINE-1, and Alu but not p53. Multiple linear regression models observed a significant association between maternal and umbilical cord blood at LINE-1 and Alu (LINE-1: β = 0.63, p<0.0001; Alu: β = 0.28, p = 0.009). After adjusting for multiple comparisons, maternal methylation of p16 at position 4 significantly predicted methylation at the same position in umbilical cord blood (β = 0.43, p = <0.0001). These models explained 48%, 5% and 16% of the observed variability in umbilical cord %5mC for LINE-1, Alu and p16 at position 4, respectively. These results suggest that DNA methylation in maternal blood was correlated with her offspring at LINE-1, Alu, and p16 but not p53. Additional studies are needed to confirm whether these observed associations were due to the inheritance of epigenetic events or the shared environment between mother and fetus. Future studies should also use a multi-generational family-based design that would quantify both maternal and paternal contributions to DNA methylation in offspring across more than one generation.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Lactams. Part 75. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of β‐Lactams from Amidomalonates: Intermediates for Thienamycin, Carpetimycin and Analogs. (1987)

Abstract The intramolecular cyclization of the epoxides (II), derived from the N‐acroylaminomalonates (I), leads to the stereocontrolled formation of the β‐lactams (III).
Functional Nanopores: A Solid-state Concept for Artificial Reaction Compartments and Molecular Factories (2016)

On the road towards the long-term goal of the NCCR Molecular Systems Engineering to create artificial molecular factories, we aim at introducing a compartmentalization strategy based on solid-state silicon technology targeting zeptoliter reaction volumes and simultaneous electrical contact to ensembles of well-oriented molecules. This approach allows the probing of molecular building blocks under a controlled environment prior to their use in a complex molecular factory. Furthermore, these ultra-sensitive electrical conductance measurements allow molecular responses to a variety of external triggers to be used as sensing and feedback mechanisms. So far, we demonstrate the proof-of-concept by electrically contacting self-assembled mono-layers of alkane-dithiols as an established test system. Here, the molecular films are laterally constrained by a circular dielectric confinement, forming a so-called 'nanopore'. Device yields above 85% are consistently achieved down to sub-50 nm nanopore diameters. This generic platform will be extended to create distributed, cascaded reactors with individually addressable reaction sites, including interconnecting micro-fluidic channels for electrochemical communication among nanopores and sensing sites for reaction control and feedback. In this scientific outlook, we will sketch how such a solid-state nanopore concept can be used to study various aspects of molecular compounds tailored for operation in a molecular factory.
Anisotropically etched deep gratings for InP/InGaAsP optical devices (1987)

We report a new grating fabrication technique for optical devices in the InP/InGaAsP system. Conventional, but very shallow, holographically defined wet etching is used to pattern ultrathin masking layers grown by chemical beam epitaxy. This is followed by selective and anisotropic wet etching, which is shown to yield exceptionally deep, narrow-pitch gratings with reproducible profiles and dimensions.
Quasi-Fermi-Level Splitting of Cu-Poor and Cu-Rich CuInS2 Absorber Layers (2019)

Cu(In,Ga)S${}_{2}$ is a promising material for multijunction solar cells due to its tunable band gap, but still suffers from low efficiency of unknown origin. The authors study its structural, optical, and electrical properties with respect to annealing temperature, and find that higher temperature reduces the density of deep defects, leading to the higher open-circuit voltage that is responsible for the recently observed improvements in efficiency. This study could lead to further optimization of this material, and better design of multijunction solar cells.
Autocalibration of a magnetic compass without heading reference (2010)

The electric compass is a useful tool to measure the heading, but it has measurement errors that are sensitive to the external interferences. In this paper, a new method based on improved ellipse fitting model is proposed to calibrate the interference error without heading reference. A process is developed with estimating accurate parameters base on least-squares algorithm. The max deviation angle measured by the compass is 2.1° during the experiment. It is much below the compass initial accuracy and it shows that this method can be used as a reference.
The AdaBoost algorithm for vehicle detection based on CNN features (2015)

Vehicle detection is the key technology of Intelligent Transportation System(ITS), Self-Driving Cars and Active Driving Assist. Existing methods have some problems with the robustness and real-time performance. This paper proposes the AdaBoost algorithm for vehicle detection based on CNN features. We set up a shallower CNN than traditional one to extract features to reduce the complexity of the network. On this basis, AdaBoost classifier with the ability for rapid classification is used to complete the vehicle detection. The combination of shallow CNN and AdaBoost algorithm improves the robustness and real-time performance of vehicle detection. The result of the experiments proves that the algorithm not only improves the real-time performance but also the recognition rate.
Vivaldi antenna impedance bandwidth dependence on stripline to bilateral slotline transition (2013)

Abstract The Vivaldi Antenna is known to have a theoretically unlimited instantaneous frequency bandwidth.Vivaldi design geometry which uses an open circuit stub stripline to bilateral slotline transition is the limiting factor of this design. It is shown that a shorted stub transition increases the bandwidth toward the theoretical limit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:937–941, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27413
The telephone network of the 1960s (2002)

In 1960 the transmission technology of the public switched telephone network was ordinary cable pairs, carrier systems on both paired and coaxial cable, and point-to-point microwave radio systems. Voice signals were frequency multiplexed for efficient transmission, but remained in analog form from end to end of a connection. Electromechanical switching systems provided circuit-switched connections, and about half of the customers could directly dial long distance calls. The following decade saw the beginnings of electronic switching and direct distance dialing on a global basis. Meanwhile, applying digital technology to achieve lower costs and better quality for voice transport began in earnest, and the interconnection of data terminals and computer centers became an increasingly important communications need. The initial data communications approach, still used with ever increasing sophistication and speed, was to convert data to speech-like form with data modems. Later, the direct connection of digital data to digital network facilities became the method of choice for building computer communications networks and the backbone of the Internet. It now appears likely that one day all signals, including voice, will be transported by unified high-speed digital networks with a common set of protocols.
The Use of an Ultrasonic Serrated Knife in Transcanal Excision of Exostoses (2016)

This is the first series to report the use of an ultrasonic serrated knife in the transcanal excision of exostoses. When compared with a transcanal microosteotome only excision of exostoses, the addition of the Sonopet seems to result in a similarly low complication rate. Sonopet can allow for more controlled transcanal excision of broad-based exostoses in patients with severe obstruction.
X. Yeast sequencing reports. Revised nucleotide sequence of the cor region of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome X (1994)

The COR region, a gene cluster located on chromosome X of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and including genes CYC1, UTR1, UTR3, OSM1, tRNA(Gly) and RAD7, was sequenced within the framework of the European Union genome systematic sequencing project. It was compared with previously published sequences to be found in GenBank under the acronym YSCCORA. While some of the discrepancies observed can be readily ascribed to polymorphism, others most probably result from sequencing errors. A revised version of the sequence of the COR cluster is given.