gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Murine Genetic Predisposition to Pneumococcal Infection Reveals a Critical Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Maintaining the Sterility of the Lower Respiratory Tract (2011)

The study of pathogenic mechanisms of disease can be greatly facilitated by studying genetic differences in susceptibility to infection. In the present study, we compared the severity of pneumococcal infection in C57BL/6 (B6) and 129Sv mice. The results showed that 129Sv mice were remarkably more susceptible to pneumococcal infection than B6 mice. Bacterial clearance, proinflammatory mediators, leukocyte recruitment, and phagocyte activities were measured to examine potential immune factors associated with differences in susceptibility to pneumococcal infection. The greater susceptibility of 129Sv mice was associated only with inadequate alveolar macrophage bacterial killing, as indicated by significantly decreased initial bacterial clearance from the respiratory tract. Effective pneumococcal clearance was not dependent upon Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression, oxidative stress, or matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP-12) expression. Furthermore, phagocytosis analysis suggested that the deficiency found in 129Sv alveolar macrophages was not due to a lack of bacterial recognition but, rather, to reduced bacterial uptake. In conclusion, our findings indicate a crucial role of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during innate defense against pneumococcal infection, which may explain the association of host genetic risk factors with predisposition to pneumococcal infection.
Sequential Turning Acquisition and Reconstruction (STAR) method for four-dimensional imaging of cyclically moving structures (2012)

Optical coherence tomography allows for dynamic, three-dimensional (3D+T) imaging of the heart within animal embryos. However, direct 3D+T imaging frame rates remain insufficient for cardiodynamic analysis. Previously, this limitation has been addressed by reconstructing 3D+T representations of the beating heart based on sets of two-dimensional image sequences (2D+T) acquired sequentially at high frame rate and in fixed (and parallel) planes throughout the heart. These methods either require additional hardware to trigger the acquisition of each 2D+T series to the same phase of the cardiac cycle or accumulate registration errors as the slices are synchronized retrospectively by pairs, without a gating signal. Here, we present a sequential turning acquisition and reconstruction (STAR) method for 3D+T imaging of periodically moving structures, which does not require any additional gating signal and is not prone to registration error accumulation. Similarly to other sequential cardiac imaging methods, multiple fast image series are consecutively acquired for different sections but in between acquisitions, the imaging plane is rotated around the center line instead of shifted along the direction perpendicular to the slices. As the central lines of all image-sequences coincide and represent measurements of the same spatial position, they can be used to accurately synchronize all the slices to a single inherent reference signal. We characterized the accuracy of our method on a simulated dynamic phantom and successfully imaged a beating embryonic rat heart. Potentially, this method can be applied for structural or Doppler imaging approaches with any direct space imaging modality such as computed tomography, ultrasound, or light microscopy.
Plutonium and Americium Geochemistry at Hanford: A Site Wide Review (2012)

This report was produced to provide a systematic review of the state-of-knowledge of plutonium and americium geochemistry at the Hanford Site. The report integrates existing knowledge of the subsurface migration behavior of plutonium and americium at the Hanford Site with available information in the scientific literature regarding the geochemistry of plutonium and americium in systems that are environmentally relevant to the Hanford Site. As a part of the report, key research needs are identified and prioritized, with the ultimate goal of developing a science-based capability to quantitatively assess risk at sites contaminated with plutonium and americium at the Hanford Site and the impact of remediation technologies and closure strategies.
Ultra-Wideband Radar Sensors for Short-Range Vehicular Applications (2004)

The recent approval granted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for the use of ultra-wideband signals for vehicular radar applications has provided a gateway for the introduction of these sensors in the commercial arena as early as 2004. However, the rules governing the allowable spectral occupancy create significant constraints on the sensors' operation. This is further complicated by the variety of applications that these sensors are being required to fulfill. A review of the motivation for the development of these sensors is followed by a discussion of the consequent implications for waveform design and limitations on system architecture. Other practical considerations such as available semiconductor technology, packaging, and assembly techniques are reviewed, and results are presented for conventional surface-mount plastic packages illustrating their usefulness in the greater than 20-GHz frequency range. Suitable antenna technology for wide-band transmission is presented that is compliant with the specific restrictions stipulated in the FCC ruling. Finally, all of these considerations are combined with the presentation of a compatible integrated-circuit-based transceiver architecture. Measured results are presented for several critical circuit components including a +12-dBm driver amplifier for the transmitter, an RF pulse generator that can produce sub-1-ns pulses at a carrier frequency of 24 GHz, and a single-chip homodyne in-phase/quadrature down-conversion receiver that has a cascaded noise figure of less than 7 dB. All circuit components are fabricated in SiGe.
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>Bin3</i> Deletion Causes Cataracts and Increased Susceptibility to Lymphoma during Aging (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from &lt;i&gt;Bin3&lt;/i&gt; Deletion Causes Cataracts and Increased Susceptibility to Lymphoma during Aging
ChemInform Abstract: The Effects of Cyclic Terminal Groups in Di‐ and Tri‐Arylmethane Dyes. Part 3. Consequences of Unsymmetrical Substitution in Malachite Green. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of special ICF targets using a depolymerizable mandrel technique (1995)

A technique was developed for fabricating Spherical shell targets for implosion physics experiments with diameters up to several millimeters and with unique structural features such as thin metal layers or texture on the inside surface. We start with a spherical bead or thin shell of poly(alpha-methylstyrene) (PAMS) of the desired size, which can be textured by laser photoablation or overcoated with a thin layer of diagnostic material. The mandrel is next overcoated with plasma polymer (CH) 2 to 50 {mu}m thick. Upon heating, the PAMS depolymerizes to gaseous monomer which diffuses through the thermally stable plasma polymer coating leaving a hollow shell. Shells produced by this technique are uniform in wall thickness, and highly spherical. If the PAMS mandrel is textured, the mandrel topology is transferred to the inner wall of the plasma polymer shell. Likewise thermally stable coatings on the mandrel are transferred to the inner shell wall.
FIGURE 3 from Adjuvant Therapy with Oncolytic Adenovirus Delta-24-RGDOX After Intratumoral Adoptive T-cell Therapy Promotes Antigen Spread to Sustain Systemic Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Increased inflammation in treated (Tumor 1) and untreated distant (Tumor 2) tumors induced by combining TAA-specific T cells and Delta-24-RGDOX. &lt;b&gt;A,&lt;/b&gt; A cartoon depiction of the treatment scheme for schedule (left) and positions of tumor implantation, T-cell and virus injection (right). s.c.: subcutaneously; i.t.: intratumorally. Leukocytes from the tumors in the treatment groups were profiled with flow cytometry. &lt;b&gt;B,&lt;/b&gt; Quantification of leukocyte (CD45&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells) density in the tumors from each treatment group. Representative flow cytometry dot plots (&lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;) and their quantification (&lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;) to show CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; leukocyte frequencies in the indicated treatment groups. &lt;b&gt;E,&lt;/b&gt; Quantification of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; leukocyte density in the tumors from each treatment group. Leukocytes were from grouped tissue (4 to 7 mice/group) and processed in triplicate. The numbers in the upright corner of the dot plots in C indicate the frequency of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells (percent of leukocytes). The columns in the graphs represent the mean ± SD (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3). RGDOX: Delta-24-RGDOX; T cells: pmel-1 T cells; ****, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001. Two-tailed Student &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; test.&lt;/p&gt;
An effective test methodology enabling detection of weak bits in SRAMs: Case study in 28nm FDSOI (2016)

In advanced technology nodes, device variations limit the SRAM performance and yield. Cell stability defined by the Static Noise Margin (SNM) of the SRAM cell primarily governs the performance with respect to yield in SRAMs. Variations in the scaled SRAMs increase the probability of cells becoming weak. To ensure reliability of SRAMs it is important to identify such cells post silicon. In this work, we propose a correlation based test methodology to detect the weak bits in SRAMs with respect to SNM. We present a case study for 64×64 SRAM in 28nm FDSOI technology. The proposed methodology targets high speed testing and lower test costs. It enables to perform the test at nominal operating voltage and room temperature. Suitable read stress is induced by boosting the Word Line (WL) voltage of the 6T SRAM cell. To validate the effectiveness of the test and find appropriate test stress we propose correlation methodology. With this test we could detect the weak cells possessing SNM upto 60mV across various process corners for stress voltage ranging from 1.14V to 1.16V. Moreover, it requires minimal area penalty and test time compared to standard tests.
Intratumoral Dendritic Cells and Chemoradiation for the Treatment of Murine Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2008)

Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that have been shown to have significant antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cells as an immunotherapeutic treatment has been limited by both immunologic tolerance and active immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. To address this problem, we examined the ability of concurrent systemic chemotherapy and local, fractionated radiation to augment intratumoral dendritic cell injections in a mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma. Intratumoral injections of dendritic cells alone did not have a significant antitumor effect in mice with squamous cell carcinoma flank tumors, but the addition of chemoradiation resulted in significant tumor regression. Concurrent chemoradiation alone resulted in slower tumor growth, but no complete tumor regressions. The combination of chemoradiation and intratumoral dendritic cell injections resulted in improved survival and complete tumor regression in 30% mice. Mice with complete tumor regression were partially resistant to the repeat challenge with relevant tumor 60 days after treatment. These findings were partially dependent on the presence of CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and natural killer cells. Chemoradiation may augment intratumoral dendritic cell injections through increased intratumoral apoptosis and decreased intratumoral regulatory T cells. This work suggests a possible role for the use of intratumoral dendritic cell therapy with more traditional chemoradiation strategies.
Sequence Dependence of Administration of Human Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-2 in Murine Tumor Therapy (1989)

Simultaneous administration of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF) and interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) has been shown to block tumor take in murine models. We investigated the effects of sequence and schedule of administration as a function of tumor burden with two tumor models (B16 and Meth A). rhTNF followed by rhIL-2 had extraordinary antitumor efficacy, but rhIL-2 followed by rhTNF was much less effective. Sequential rhTNF/rhIL-2 therapy resulted in complete tumor regression, whereas simultaneous therapy resulted in complete tumor regression, whereas simultaneous therapy resulted in only reduced growth rate. Experiments with genetically immunodeficient mice suggested that T cell factors may be required for synergistic antitumor activity.
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a PCM-Based Compact 4-Bit Capacitor Bank (2018)

This paper reports on the design, fabrication, and characterization of a 4-bit switched PCM-based capacitor bank. The presented capacitor bank operates over the frequency range 1 GHz to 6 GHz with a capacitance tuning range of 0.48 pF to 4.53 pF. The overall size of the 4-bit capacitor is \pmb0.9 mm×\pmb0.6 mm, including DC pads and a CPW port to allow for measurements. The capacitor bank is realized with a six-layer micro fabrication GeTe process on a 3-inch glass wafer. The measurement results show no self-resonance up to 8 GHz.
IL-33 Exacerbates Acute Kidney Injury (2011)

Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). IL-33 is a proinflammatory cytokine, but its role in AKI is unknown. Here we observed increased protein expression of full-length IL-33 in the kidney following induction of AKI with cisplatin. To determine whether IL-33 promotes injury, we administered soluble ST2 (sST2), a fusion protein that neutralizes IL-33 activity by acting as a decoy receptor. Compared with cisplatin-induced AKI in untreated mice, mice treated with sST2 had fewer CD4 T cells infiltrate the kidney, lower serum creatinine, and reduced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and apoptosis. In contrast, administration of recombinant IL-33 (rIL-33) exacerbated cisplatin-induced AKI, measured by an increase in CD4 T cell infiltration, serum creatinine, ATN, and apoptosis; this did not occur in CD4-deficient mice, suggesting that CD4 T cells mediate the injurious effect of IL-33. Wildtype mice that received cisplatin and rIL-33 also had higher levels of the proinflammatory chemokine CXCL1, which CD T cells produce, in the kidney compared with CD4-deficient mice. Mice deficient in the CXCL1 receptor also had lower serum creatinine, ATN, and apoptosis than wildtype mice following cisplatin-induced AKI. Taken together, IL-33 promotes AKI through CD4 T cell-mediated production of CXCL1. These data suggest that inhibiting IL-33 or CXCL1 may have therapeutic potential in AKI.
Spatio-temporal thermal processes induced by pulsed laser irradiation of medium doped by nanoparticles (2015)

The major goal of this study is theoretical analysis and optimization of local laser heating of a medium doped by plasmon-resonant nanoparticles that modeling nanoparticle labeled tissue. We were focused on the development of methods for precise description of optical and thermal processes accounting for their spatio-temporal localization. The results of numerical simulation show that an approach based on using the Arrhenius damage integral provides a more reasonable choice of the size of nanoparticles and exposure modes to provide precise control of hyperthermia with minimal energy consumption.
Congenital Aplasia of the Left Iliac Vein in a Patient with Concomittant Sturge-Weber Syndrome and May-Thurner Syndrome With Congenital Aberrant Left Femoral to Right Greater Saphenous Vein Bypass (2012)

The Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal provides timely updates on important topics in cardiovascular medicine with quarterly, thematic review-article issues. Each issue is curated by subject-matter-expert guest editors and includes invited reviews along with case reports, interesting multimodality images, and humanities submissions. Additional case reports, images, CME quizzes, and editorials are published on a continuous basis online. MDCVJ is geared towards cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, general practitioners, and CV residents and fellows and is indexed in PubMed and MEDLINE.MDCVJ is published by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart &amp; Vascular Center as part of DeBakey CV Education, an epicenter for cardiovascular academic and clinical education programs located in the heart of the Texas Medical Center. Along with the Journal, DeBakey CV Education offers online and hands-on training for cardiovascular healthcare professionals at all stages in their careers. DeBakey CV Education’s vast YouTube library features hundreds of training videos and live webcasts, including Journal features. Subscribe to the YouTube channel today and sign up for newsletter updates about training opportunities.
Targeted ultrasound contrast agents for ultrasound molecular imaging and therapy (2015)

Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) are used routinely in the clinic to enhance contrast in ultrasonography. More recently, UCAs have been functionalised by conjugating ligands to their surface to target specific biomarkers of a disease or a disease process. These targeted UCAs (tUCAs) are used for a wide range of pre-clinical applications including diagnosis, monitoring of drug treatment, and therapy. In this review, recent achievements with tUCAs in the field of molecular imaging, evaluation of therapy, drug delivery, and therapeutic applications are discussed. We present the different coating materials and aspects that have to be considered when manufacturing tUCAs. Next to tUCA design and the choice of ligands for specific biomarkers, additional techniques are discussed that are applied to improve binding of the tUCAs to their target and to quantify the strength of this bond. As imaging techniques rely on the specific behaviour of tUCAs in an ultrasound field, it is crucial to understand the characteristics of both free and adhered tUCAs. To image and quantify the adhered tUCAs, the state-of-the-art techniques used for ultrasound molecular imaging and quantification are presented. This review concludes with the potential of tUCAs for drug delivery and therapeutic applications.
Interval assignment for volumes with holes (2000)

This paper presents a new technique for automatically detecting interval constraints for swept volumes with holes. The technique finds true volume constraints that are not necessarily imposed by the surfaces of the volume. A graphing algorithm finds independent, parallel paths of edges from source surfaces to target surfaces. The number of intervals on two paths between a given source and target surface must be equal; in general, the collection of paths determine a set of linear constraints. Linear programming techniques solve the interval assignment problem for the surface and volume constraints simultaneously. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Progress toward multi‐robot reconnaissance and the MAGIC 2010 competition (2012)

Abstract Tasks like search‐and‐rescue and urban reconnaissance benefit from large numbers of robots working together, but high levels of autonomy are needed to reduce operator requirements to practical levels. Reducing the reliance of such systems on human operators presents a number of technical challenges, including automatic task allocation, global state and map estimation, robot perception, path planning, communications, and human‐robot interfaces. This paper describes our 14‐robot team, which won the MAGIC 2010 competition. It was designed to perform urban reconnaissance missions. In the paper, we describe a variety of autonomous systems that require minimal human effort to control a large number of autonomously exploring robots. Maintaining a consistent global map, which is essential for autonomous planning and for giving humans situational awareness, required the development of fast loop‐closing, map optimization, and communications algorithms. Key to our approach was a decoupled centralized planning architecture that allowed individual robots to execute tasks myopically, but whose behavior was coordinated centrally. We will describe technical contributions throughout our system that played a significant role in its performance. We will also present results from our system both from the competition and from subsequent quantitative evaluations, pointing out areas in which the system performed well and where interesting research problems remain. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measuring Signalized Intersection Performance in Real-Time With Traffic Sensors (2013)

Abstract Safety and quality of travel on arterial networks tie closely to the performance of signalized intersections. Measures commonly used for intersection performance evaluations are control delay, queue length, and cycle failure. However, these variables are not directly available from typical configurations of traffic sensors designed for intersection signal control. Collecting vehicle control delay data manually for intersection performance measurement has been a task too time-consuming and labor-intensive to be practical. Video image processors (VIPs) have been increasingly deployed for intersection signal control in recent years. This study aims to use the extra detection capabilities of VIPs for performance monitoring at signalized intersections. Most VIPs can support up to 24 virtual loops, but normally less than half of the virtual loops are used. By properly configuring the spare virtual loops and analyzing the loop measurements, intersection performance can be monitored in real time. In this research, we propose an approach for measuring queue length and vehicle control delay at signalized intersections based on traffic count data collected with traffic sensors. This algorithm has been implemented in a computerized system called In-PerforM. The In-PerforM system was evaluated by both field tests and simulation experiments. Although the VIPs' counting errors do affect the accuracy of field test results, we still received encouraging results on queue lengths and control delay measurements in both the field tests and simulation experiments. This demonstrates that the In-PerforM system, and therefore the proposed algorithm, has the potential to be a cost-effective approach for performance measurement at signalized intersections. Keywords: Control DelayPerformance MeasurementQueue LengthSignalized IntersectionsTraffic Detector Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project number 51028802 and project number 51138003). The authors express their gratitude to Paul Coffelt and Dick Adams at the city of Lynnwood for their support on data collection. Traficon N.V. and Kar-Gor, Inc. generously provided the devices for this research and their help is also highly appreciated.