gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation at Neutral pH by a Nanostructured Co(PO3)2 Anode (2012)

Abstract Cobalt metaphosphate Co(PO 3 ) 2 nanoparticles are prepared via the thermolytic molecular precursor (TMP) method. A Ni form electrode decorated with Co(PO 3 ) 2 nanoparticles is evaluated as an anode for water oxidation electrocatalysis in pH 6.4 phosphate‐buffered water. Catalytic onset occurs at an overpotential of ca. 310 mV, which is 100 mV lower than that observed for Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles, with a comparable surface area under identical conditions. A per‐metal turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.10–0.21 s −1 is observed at an overpotential, η , of 440 mV, which is comparable to the highest rate reported for a first‐row metal heterogeneous catalyst. Post‐catalytic characterization of the catalyst resting state by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy reveals that surface rearrangement occurs, resulting in an oxide‐like surface overlayer.
Passively CEP stable sub-2-cycle source in themid-infrared by adiabatic difference frequencygeneration (2023)

We report on the generation of a passive carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stable 1.7-cycle pulse in the mid-infrared by adiabatic difference frequency generation. With sole material-based compression, we achieve a sub-2 cycle 16 fs pulse at a center wavelength of 2.7 μm and measured a CEP stability of &lt;190 mrad RMS. The CEP stabilization performance of an adiabatic downconversion process is characterized for the first time.
Designing High-End Computing Systems with InfiniBand and High-Speed Ethernet (2010)

InfiniBand (IB) and High-speed Ethernet (HSE) technologies are generating a lot of excitement towards building next generation High-End Computing (HEC) systems. This tutorial will provide an overview of these emerging technologies, their offered features, their current market standing, and their suitability for prime-time HEC. It will start with a brief overview of IB, HSE, and their architectural features. An overview of the emerging OpenFabrics stack which encapsulates both IB and HSE in a unified manner will be presented. IB and HSE hardware/software solutions and the market trends will be highlighted. Finally, sample performance numbers highlighting the performance these technologies can achieve in different environments will be shown.
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation as Predictor of Elicitation of Intraoperative Muscle-Evoked Potentials (2004)

The intraoperative transcranial electrical stimulation-motor evoked potential was detectable in all cases in which the preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation-motor evoked potential was elicited by a lower intensity than 50% of the maximum output of the stimulator. Therefore, simultaneous use of other methods of monitoring should be considered in such cases that need higher output. However, the Japanese Orthopedic Association score or central motor conduction times were not useful criteria. CONCLUSIONS.: The threshold intensity of the preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation-motor evoked potential was helpful in predicting elicitation of the intraoperative transcranial electrical stimulation-motor evoked potential.
Morphokinetics: Growth of Mesoporous Silica Curved Shapes (1999)

The nucleation and growth of mesoporous silica fibers and gyroids was the focus of this kinetic study. The authors obtained images of the smallest objects implicated in the creation of these shapes by tapping-mode atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Dynamic light scattering provided temporal information on the size evolution of the growth objects. It is shown that increasing pH correlates with slower nucleation and a shape transition from fibers to gyroids. This knowledge is essential to further advancement of the synthesis of mesoporous materials with controlled morphologies.
Recent developments in N/sub 2/O/NO-based ultra thin oxynitride gate dielectrics for CMOS ULSI applications (2002)

This paper reviews recent developments in N/sub 2/O- and NO-based oxynitride gate dielectrics for CMOS ULSI applications. These dielectrics are extremely attractive due to their process simplicity, thickness controllability, and excellent electrical characteristics. In this paper, several issues like thickness scaling, growth kinetics, chemical composition, electrical properties, hot-carrier reliability, and EEPROM applications of these dielectrics are discussed.
Manipulation of microspheres and microbubbles in an octagonal sonotweezers (2013)

An ultrasonic device for micro-patterning and precision manipulation of micrometre-scale particles is demonstrated. The device is formed using eight piezoelectric transducers shaped into an octagonal cavity. By exciting combinations of transducers simultaneously, with a controlled phase delay between them, different acoustic landscapes can be created, patterning micro-particles into lines, squares, and more complex shapes. When operated with all eight transducers the device can, with appropriate phase control, manipulate the two dimensional acoustic pressure gradient; it thus has the ability to position and translate a single tweezing zone to different locations on a surface in a precise and programmable manner.
Control of Varroa destructor Using Oxalic Acid, Formic Acid and Bayvarol Strip in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies (2012)

The effectiveness of oxalic acid (3.2%), formic acid (65%) and flumethrin strip (Bayvarol) for the control of Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman) mite in broodless honeybee (Apis mellifera lingustica Linnaeus) colonies was determined. Three groups of five colonies each were treated with one of these agents, while the fourth group of five colonies was used as control. Mite mortality was examined in debris at 4-day intervals before application of the next treatment. The highest number of fallen mites 177±35.12 (Mean ± SE) occurred with oxalic acid and the difference between the treatments was highly significant. The efficacy and honey yield from the experimental colonies were also highly significantly different from the controls. The highest mean efficacy of 99±1.24 and honey yield 12.08± 0.86 was found in 3.2% oxalic acid treatment. No queens were lost and adult honeybee mortality did not occur in any of the colonies during the experiment.
Phosphorylation of the Periplasmic Binding Protein in Two Transport Systems for Arginine Incorporation in Escherichia coli K-12 Is Unrelated to the Function of the Transport System (1998)

In Escherichia coli K-12, the accumulation of arginine is mediated by two distinct periplasmic binding protein-dependent transport systems, one common to arginine and ornithine (AO system) and one for lysine, arginine, and ornithine (LAO system). Each of these systems includes a specific periplasmic binding protein, the AO-binding protein for the AO system and the LAO-binding protein for the LAO system. The two systems include a common inner membrane transport protein which is able to hydrolyze ATP and also phosphorylate the two periplasmic binding proteins. Previously, a mutant resistant to the toxic effects of canavanine, with low levels of transport activities and reduced levels of phosphorylation of the two periplasmic binding proteins, was isolated and characterized (R. T. F. Celis, J. Biol. Chem. 265:1787-1793, 1990). The gene encoding the transport ATPase enzyme (argK) has been cloned and sequenced. The gene possesses an open reading frame with the capacity to encode 268 amino acids (mass of 29.370 Da). The amino acid sequence of the protein includes two short sequence motifs which constitute a well-defined nucleotide-binding fold (Walker sequences A and B) present in the ATP-binding subunits of many transporters. We report here the isolation of canavanine-sensitive derivatives of the previously characterized mutant. We describe the properties of these suppressor mutations in which the transport of arginine, ornithine, and lysine has been restored. In these mutants, the phosphorylation of the AO- and LAO-binding proteins remains at a low level. This information indicates that whereas hydrolysis of ATP by the transport ATPase is an obligatory requirement for the accumulation of these amino acids in E. coli K-12, the phosphorylation of the periplasmic binding protein is not related to the function of the transport system.
The Electro-Optic Effect in Uniaxial Crystals of the Type XH_2PO_4 II Experimental (1949)

In this paper it is shown experimentally that when a voltage is applied to the Z direction to a basal section of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate the crystal becomes biaxial. The normal to the plate is the bisector of the axes and the plane of the axes is inclined at 45° to the crystallographic axes. The location of the axial plane is independent of the magnitude of the voltage. The retardation along the normal is directly proportional to the voltage and is independent of the thickness of the basal section. Photographs are shown of the interference pattern obtained with polarized light when voltage is applied to the crystal.The behavior of the crystal plate with an alternating voltage is also described. Between polarizers the crystal can operate as a light valve both for short pulses as in a camera shutter or for complex sound waves as in a sound-on-film device. It is shown that with circular polarized light 74 percent sinusoidal modulation introduces only 3 percent harmonic distortion.
Technology for group dialogue and social choice (1971)

Usually the best way to discuss and resolve the choices that arise within groups of people is face-to-face and personally. For this reason, city planners and educators alike are calling for new kinds of communities for working, living, and learning, based more on familial relationships between people than on contractual relationships. When people get to know one another, conflicts have a way of being accommodated.
Accommodation, Acuity, and Their Relationship to Emmetropization in Infants (2009)

The level of cycloplegic refractive error was the best single factor for predicting emmetropization by 18 months of age, with smaller contributions from visual acuity and Mohindra retinoscopy. The lack of correlation between defocus and change in refractive error does not support a simple model of emmetropization in response to the level of hyperopic defocus. Infants were capable of maintaining accurate average levels of accommodation across a range of moderate hyperopic refractive errors at 3 months of age. The association between the change in refractive error and accommodative response suggests that accommodation is a plausible visual signal for emmetropization.
Nonlinear phenomena in all solid photonic crystal fibers with nanostructured core (2012)

To achieve high non-linearity in photonic crystal fibers a high nonlinear coefficient of the glass is required accompanied by high coupling efficiency and flat dispersion profile of the fiber with the specific zero dispersion wavelength. In this paper, we present a deterministic method that allow step-by-step design of photonic crystal fibers with desired zero dispersion wavelength, modality and coupling efficiency due to sequential engineering of geometrical parameters of microstructured fibers with nanostructured cores. The fiber consists of inclusions of low refractive index material, embedded in a host glass of higher refractive index, where a single central micro-rod is omitted. In its place an additional nano-inclusion is located of a given diameter. The choice of the glass determines the nonlinear coefficient of the fiber and fabrication possibilities as well. Zero dispersion wavelength is varied by the change of the lattice constant of the cladding. High filling factor in the cladding leads to a large number of propagating high order modes, which can be selectively cut off, when the filling factor of the outer part of the cladding is reduced. The diameter of the nano-inclusion in the core is responsible for the fundamental mode area, which influences directly the coupling efficiency. Several designed structures were modeled numerically and developed to confirm the design method.
Query by attention: visually searchable information maps (2002)

This paper explores how the design of information spaces might be grounded in knowledge of human visual processing, notably what kinds of visual selection are most efficient. Information maps spatially array graphical symbols representing items of information and their attributes. Ideally their users should be able to do query by attention: answer questions about the information quickly by controlling visual attention (i.e., through spatial selection and visual search), instead of manipulating an interface. I propose a preliminary method for designing visually searchable maps based on experimental results about what kinds of visual search are easy. The hope is that the resulting maps will better employ the perceptual capabilities of their viewers when they search. An example information map of recent movies illustrates the approach.
Biological materials and molecular biomimetics – filling up the empty soft materials space for tissue engineering applications (2014)

An extensive range of biomaterials, frequently derived from extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins or other natural biopolymers, have been developed for biomedical applications. Their mechanical response, a key requirement for regenerative medicine, is often stiff but exhibits limited extensibility (e.g. silk), or inversely, is compliant with higher strain to failure (e.g. elastin). While synthetic biocompatible materials exhibiting a mechanical response between these boundaries are rare, several biological materials demonstrate unexpected combinations of these properties. In order to replicate these performance metrics in synthetic systems, a central requirement is to first reveal the molecular design of their constituent building blocks, which has traditionally been an extremely time-consuming task. Here, we highlight the recent application of Next Gen sequencing technologies for the characterization of several protein-based natural biopolymers, a technique which circumvents this research bottleneck. Successful molecular biomimicry of these model protein systems could thus have the potential to significantly expand the range of intrinsic material properties available for biomedical applications.
Receptor-mediated targeting of gene delivery vectors: Insights from molecular mechanisms for improved vehicle design (2000)

One way to deliver transgenes to cells in a selective manner is to target the delivery vehicles, or vectors, to specific cell-surface receptors as a first step toward ultimate transport of the gene to the nucleus for expression. While selective delivery, although often to undesired cell types, occurs naturally for some viral vectors and can be achieved for nonviral vehicles, current understanding and control of the delivery mechanism is inadequate for many therapeutic applications. The complicated nature of receptor-mediated transgene uptake and transport requires improved analysis to more effectively evaluate delivery vehicles. As receptor-mediated pathways for gene delivery typically involve vector binding, internalization, subcellular trafficking, vesicular escape, nuclear translocation, and unpackaging for transcription, each of these processes offer mechanisms that can be exploited to enhance targeted gene delivery via properly designed vehicles. For the purpose of this review, current targeted gene delivery vehicles are divided into three approaches: viral, synthetic, and hybrid vectors. Each approach possesses advantages as well as disadvantages at the present time for in vitro and in vivo application, and provides particular challenges to overcome in order to gain significantly improved targeted delivery properties. Quantitative experiments and mathematical modeling of the gene delivery pathway will serve to provide insight into molecular mechanisms and rate-limiting steps for effective gene expression. Information on molecular mechanisms obtained by such methodologies can then be applied to specific vectors, whether viral, synthetic, or hybrid, allowing for the creation of targeted, effective, and safe gene therapeutics.
<title>Optimal Focal Plane Processing For Scattered Optical Fields</title> (1977)

It is well known that a scattering medium between a transmitter and receiver in an optical link causes power degradation and loss of spatial coherence in the received field. The spatial coherence loss due to scattering can theoretically be partially recovered by proper receiver design and by invoking specific forms of focal plane processing techniques to aid in restoring the degraded field. This paper reports the results of studies devoted to determining most advantageous focal plane design, assuming statistical knowledge of the scattered field at the receiver. The resulting performance of such processors is also presented in terms of standard communication criteria (collected SNR and digital bit error probabilities). The study has application to optical space transmission through turbulent atmosphere and to optical communications over the air-ocean channel, both of which have been statistically modeled in earlier literature. The basis of the focal plane design is to perform an orthonormal expansion of the scattered field into statistically independent field components. The required processing in the focal plane is then dictated by the proper method for collecting the field components with respect to the desired processing criterion. A result of the study, applied to spatially homogenious scattered fields, is the development of a ring type of photo detector array properly spaced within the receiver focal plane. Performance of such devices is presented.
Evaluation of a Graduated Length Prosthetic Protocol for Bilateral Transfemoral Amputee Prosthetic Rehabilitation (2013)

For individuals with bilateral transfemoral amputations, the path to achieving prosthetic use is riddled with physical and psychological barriers. Increased energy demands and a lack of conditioning make it highly unlikely that these patients will ambulate regularly using full-length prostheses unless they have proper training. To address this population’s challenges to becoming effective prosthetic users, the graduated length prosthetic protocol was developed. This research used a self-reported survey to determine how patients perceive the functional and psychological impact of this protocol on their prosthetic use. Patients reported an increase in walking activities, prosthetic use, and improvement in overall health from the protocol. Additional research is necessary to determine how functional outcomes varied during different phases of this protocol.
Sulfoxide-mediated intramolecular hydroxylation of a remote olefin in an acyclic system (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfoxide-mediated intramolecular hydroxylation of a remote olefin in an acyclic systemFrank M. Hauser, Suzanne R. Ellenberger, Jon C. Clardy, and Lawrence S. BassCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 8, 2458–2459Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00320a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00320a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous source mask optimization (SMO) (2005)

In this paper, a method for improving the process window is described by simultaneous source mask optimization (SMO). The method optimizes the source and mask of a critical pattern by optimizing the mask in the frequency domain. The minimum image log slope (ILS) is maximized at fragmentation points in the critical pattern while simultaneously maintaining the printing fidelity. The mask optimized in the frequency domain is then converted into a chromeless phase lithography (CPL) mask. The process window with the optimized source and optimized CPL mask doubles the aerial image contrast in comparison to an attenuating PSM with source optimization only. After optimizing the mask and source for a critical pattern, the remaining parts of the full-chip design are optimized with interference mapping. Another technique for optimizing the source for a full chip is presented in which the source is optimized by using the pitch frequency of the design. From the pitch frequency, the source is optimized by solving an integral equation for the first eigenfunction in which the first eigenfunction is calculated from the sum of coherent system (SOCS) representation of the transfer cross coefficient (TCC).
Pathogenese und Diagnostik der Cytomegalovirus-Infektion (2008)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
High-average-power, highly-efficient operation of Q-switched cryogenic Yb:YAG laser (2006)

We have demonstrated a cryogenically-cooled Q-switched Yb:YAG laser oscillator with diode pumping. 74-W average power was obtained with pulse energy of several milli-joules, optical-optical efficiency of 60%, and M2 factor of less than 1.4.
Computation Offloading With Data Caching Enhancement for Mobile Edge Computing (2018)

Computation offloading is a proven successful paradigm for enabling resource-intensive applications on mobile devices. Moreover, in view of emerging mobile collaborative application, the offloaded tasks can be duplicated when multiple users are in the same proximity. This motivates us to design a collaborative offloading scheme and cache the popular computation results that are likely to be reused by other mobile users. In this paper, we consider the scenario where multiple mobile users offload duplicated computation tasks to the network edge, and share the computation results among them. Our goal is to develop the optimal fine-grained collaborative offloading strategies with caching-enhancements to minimize the overall execution delay at the mobile terminal side. To this end, we propose an optimal offloading with caching-enhancement scheme (OOCS) for femto-cloud scenario and mobile edge computing scenario, respectively. Simulation results show that compared to six alternative solutions in literature, our single-user OOCS can reduce execution delay up to 42.83% and 33.28% for single-user femto-cloud and single-user mobile edge computing, respectively. Our multi-user OOCS can further reduce 11.71% delay compared to single-user OOCS through users' cooperation.