gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MAPLE-Edge: A Runtime Latency Predictor for Edge Devices (2022)

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has enabled automatic discovery of more efficient neural network architectures, especially for mobile and embedded vision applications. Although recent research has proposed ways of quickly estimating latency on unseen hardware devices with just a few samples, little focus has been given to the challenges of estimating latency on runtimes using optimized graphs, such as TensorRT and specifically for edge devices. In this work, we propose MAPLE-Edge, an edge device-oriented extension of MAPLE, the state-of-the-art latency predictor for general purpose hardware, where we train a regression network on architecture-latency pairs in conjunction with a hardware-runtime descriptor to effectively estimate latency on a diverse pool of edge devices. Compared to MAPLE, MAPLE-Edge can describe the runtime and target device platform using a much smaller set of CPU performance counters that are widely available on all Linux kernels, while still achieving up to +49.6% accuracy gains against previous state-of-the-art baseline methods on optimized edge device runtimes, using just 10 measurements from an unseen target device. We also demonstrate that unlike MAPLE which performs best when trained on a pool of devices sharing a common runtime, MAPLE-Edge can effectively generalize across runtimes by applying a trick of normalizing performance counters by the operator latency, in the measured hardware-runtime descriptor. Lastly, we show that for runtimes exhibiting lower than desired accuracy, performance can be boosted by collecting additional samples from the target device, with an extra 90 samples translating to gains of nearly +40%.
A Class of Neuro-Computational Methods for Assamese Fricative Classification (2015)

Abstract In this work, a class of neuro-computational classifiers are used for classification of fricative phonemes of Assamese language. Initially, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based classifier is used for classification. Later, another neuro fuzzy classifier is used for classification. We have used two different feature sets for the work, one using the specific acoustic-phonetic characteristics and another temporal attributes using linear prediction cepstral coefficients (LPCC) and a Self Organizing Map (SOM). Here, we present the experimental details and performance difference obtained by replacing the RNN based classifier with an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based block for both the feature sets to recognize Assamese fricative sounds.
Ionic Origin of Electro-osmotic Flow Hysteresis (2016)

Electro-osmotic flow, the driving of fluid at nano- or micro-scales with electric field, has found numerous applications, ranging from pumping to chemical and biomedical analyses in micro-devices. Electro-osmotic flow exhibits a puzzling hysteretic behavior when two fluids with different concentrations displace one another. The flow rate is faster when a higher concentration solution displaces a lower concentration one as compared to the flow in the reverse direction. Although electro-osmotic flow is a surface phenomenon, rather counter intuitively we demonstrate that electro-osmotic flow hysteresis originates from the accumulation or depletion of pH-governing minority ions in the bulk of the fluid, due to the imbalance of electric-field-induced ion flux. The pH and flow velocity are changed, depending on the flow direction. The understanding of electro-osmotic flow hysteresis is critical for accurate fluid flow control in microfluidic devices, and maintaining of constant pH in chemical and biological systems under an electric field.
Elevated Temperature Electrochemical Studies of Preoxidized Nickel Electrodes in the Presence of Sulfide (2004)

Abstract The electrochemical response of a preoxidized nickel electrode to increasing additions of sulfide has been examined over temperature range from 25 to 70 °C. In the presence of sulfide a stripping like response was observed at all temperatures. The results detailed show that as the temperature is increased the sensitivity increases from 3.4 to 13.5 A M −1 for the determination of sulfide.
A Twofold Approach in Loss Reduction of KTa0.5Nb0.5O3 Ferroelectric Layers for Low-Loss Tunable Devices at Microwaves (2018)

Ferroelectric oxide films are attractive to design and fabricate reconfigurable and miniaturized planar devices operating at microwaves due to the large electric field dependence of their dielectric permittivity. In particular, KTa<sub>1-x</sub>Nb<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (KTN) ferroelectric material presents a high tunability under moderate dc bias electric field. However, its intrinsic dielectric loss strongly contributes to the global loss of the related devices and limits their application areas at microwaves. In this paper, a twofold approach is investigated to reduce the device loss. The intrinsic loss of KTN is first reduced by doping the ferroelectric material with a low-loss dielectric material, namely, MgO. Second, the doped ferroelectric films are confined using an original laser microetching process. Both routes have been implemented here to provide a synergic effect on the total insertion loss of the microwave test device, namely, a coplanar waveguide stub resonator. The experimental data demonstrate a decrease of the intrinsic loss by a factor of ~2 and a decrease of the global loss by a factor of ~4 with a frequency tunability close to 10% at ~10 GHz under a moderate biasing (80 kV/cm).
OSIRIS tunable imager and spectrograph (2000)

The Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy (OSIRIS) will be a Day-One instrument of the Spanish 10.4 m telescope Gran Telescopio Canarias, whose first light is planned for 2002. GTC will be installed at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma, Spain. OSIRIS three primary modes are imaging and low resolution long slit and multiple object spectroscopy. The instrument is designed to operate from 365 to 1000 nm with a field of view of 7 by 7 arcminutes and a maximum spectral resolution of 5000. Among the OSIRIS main features are the use of tunable filters for direct imaging, the use of Volume Phase Holographic Gratings as dispersive elements for spectroscopy, and the implementation of an articulated camera to provide maximum spectroscopic efficiency and versatility. Here we present a general description and an overview of the main instrument characteristics.
Changes in the substrate specificities of an enzyme during directed evolution of new functions (1981)

Wild-type ebg enzyme, the second beta-galactosidase of Escherichia coli K12, does not permit growth on lactose. As part of a study of the evolution of new enzymatic functions, I have selected, from a lacZ deletion strain, a variety of spontaneous mutants that grow on lactose and other beta-galactoside sugars. Single point mutations in the structural gene ebgA alter the enzyme so that it hydrolyzes lactose or lactulose effectively; two mutations in ebgA permit galactosylarabinose hydrolysis, while three mutations are required for lactobionic acid hydrolysis. Wild-type ebg enzyme and 16 functional mutant ebg enzymes were purified and analyzed kinetically to determine how the substrate specificities had changed during the directed evolution of these new functions. The specificities for the biologically selected substrates generally increased by at least an order of magnitude via increased Vmax and decreased Km for the substrate. These changes were very specific for the selected substrate, often being accompanied by decreased specificities for other related substrates. The single, double, or triple substitutions in the enzymes did not detectably alter the thermal stability of ebg enzyme.
DNA–Protein Noncovalent Cross‐Linking: Ruthenium Dipyridophenazine Biotin Complex for the Assembly of Proteins and Gold Nanoparticles on DNA Templates (2007)

We report the first example of a small molecule that can noncovalently cross-link DNA with streptavidin and streptavidin-labeled materials. Molecule 1 possesses a ruthenium dipyridophenazine DNA-intercalating moiety and a biotin unit; these two units are adequately separated to ensure efficient cross-linking of DNA with protein. Complex 1 is essentially nonemissive in aqueous solution and when bound to streptavidin, however, its luminescence is turned "on" when it binds to DNA. We have used these properties to establish that this complex can simultaneously bind to DNA and streptavidin, and can thus bring these two biomolecules together. We also synthesized a related molecule, 3, in which the biotin and DNA-intercalating moieties are covalently bound. While complex 3 can intercalate into DNA through a threading mechanism, luminescence experiments show that it cannot simultaneously bind DNA and streptavidin, most likely due to the proximity of its two molecular-recognition units. The cross-linking ability of molecule 1 was used to template the assembly of streptavidin molecules on circular plasmid DNA, as visualized by atomic force microscopy. In addition, using 1, we show the organization of discrete groups of gold nanoparticles labeled with streptavidin on a linear DNA template of finite size, with transmission electron microscopy. In these experiments the DNA template acted as a "molecular ruler" that dictated the number of particles in the assembly.
Structural Determination of Rat and Dog Urinary Metabolites of a New Antidepressant RS-8359. (1998)

RS-8359 is a selective and reversible inhibitor of A type monoamine oxidase. In order to elucidate the metabolism of RS-8359, the metabolites were isolated from the urine after oral administration to rats and dogs. The chemical structures of the seven isolated metabolites, including the unchanged form, were determined by NMR and mass spectrometry. Hydroxylation on the cyclopentanol moiety and oxidation on the pyrimidine moiety of the molecule were preferentially responsible for the phase I metabolism. The tentative main metabolic pathways of RS-8359 in the rat and dog are proposed and discussed.
TOR1A, THAP1, and GNAL mutational screening in Austrian patients with primary isolated dystonia (2015)

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Thermoelectric material development. Final report (1994)

A search was made for improved TE materials that could have higher efficiency than state-of-the-art SiGe alloys used in Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators. A new family of materials having the skutterudite structure was identified (cubic space group Im3, formula (Fe, Co, Ni)As{sub 3}). Properties of n-type IrSb{sub 3}, CoSb{sub 3}, and their solid solutions were investigated. Pt, Te, Tl, and In were used as dopants. The thermal conductivity was reduced by about 70% for the solid solutions vs the binary compounds. A maximum ZT of about 0.36 was measured on Co-rich solid solutions which is 160% improved over that of the binary compounds.
Design of asynchronous circuits using synchronous CAD tools (2002)

Poor CAD support hinders wide acceptance of asynchronous methodologies, and asynchronous design tools are far behind synchronous commercial tools. A new design flow, NCL/spl I.bar/X, based entirely on commercial CAD tools, targets a subclass of asynchronous circuits called null convention logic. NCL/spl I.bar/X shows significant area improvement over other flows for this subclass.
Coverage hole detection algorithm without location information in wireless sensor networks (2017)

In this paper, we propose a simple and accurate coverage hole detection algorithm without location information for wireless sensor networks. The coverage hole detection algorithm consists of two components, named boundary edge detection and boundary cycle detection. In the first component, we use a graph to model the wireless sensor network, and each edge in the graph is checked to determine whether it is a boundary edge or not. In the second component, the boundary cycles of all coverage holes are discovered to localize each coverage hole. By comparing with a location based algorithm, it is shown that our proposed algorithm can accurately detect over 99% coverage holes.
Allyl Monomers and Polymers (2003)

Abstract Allyl compounds comprise a large group of ethylenic compounds having unique reactivities and uses often contrasting with those of typical vinyl‐type compounds. Unlike monovinyl compounds, monoallyl compounds do not form homopolymers of high molecular weight by free‐radical or conventional ionic mechanisms. In contrast, many allyl compounds containing two or more reactive double bonds yield solid, high molecular weight polymers by initiation with suitable free‐radical catalysts. A number of polyfunctional allyl esters have achieved importance in polymerization and copolymerization, especially to obtain heat‐resistant cast sheets and thermoset moldings. Diallyl diglycol carbonate or diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) (DADC) was developed to produce by bulk polymerization cast sheets, lenses, and other shapes of outstanding scratch resistance and optical and mechanical properties. Reaction of allyl alcohol in the presence of alkali with diethylene glycol bis(chloroformate) gives the DADC monomer, a colorless liquid of mild odor. The latter is low in toxicity, but can produce skin irritation. DADC is soluble in common organic solvents and in methyl methacrylate, styrene, and vinyl acetate. It is partially soluble in amyl alcohol, gasoline, and ligroin. It is insoluble in ethylene glycol, glycerol, and water. Usage of DADC polymers in impact‐resistant, lightweight eyewear lenses has grown rapidly and is now the principal application. The three isomeric diallyl phthalates are colorless liquids of mild odor, low volatility, and relatively slow polymerization in the early stages. At ca 25% conversion, the viscous liquid undergoes gelation and polymerization accelerates. Diallyl isophthalate (DAIP) polymerizes faster than DAP. Besides application as heat‐resistant molding powders for electronic and other applications, DAIP copolymers have been proposed for optical applications. The largest use of diallyl phthalate thermoset polymers is in moldings and coatings for electronic devices requiring high reliability under long‐term adverse environmental conditions. Monomers such as allyl methacrylate (AMA) and diallyl maleate (DAM) have applications as cross‐linking and branching agents selected especially for the different reactivities of their double bonds. DAM and DAF have pungent odors and are skin irritants. Allyl methacrylate (AMA) is used as cross‐linking agent with methacrylate esters in contact lenses. Triallyl cyanurate (TAC), 2,4,6‐tris(allyloxy)‐s‐triazine, and its isomer triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) are used as cross‐linking agents with comonomers and for aftercuring preformed polymers such as olefin copolymers in electrical insulations. N,N ‐Diallyldimethyl(DADM)ammonium salts are used for the preparation of polyelectrolytes. Copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride with acrylamide have been used in electroconductive coatings.
Plasmonic Photocatalyst for H2 Evolution in Photocatalytic Water Splitting (2010)

The effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on the photocatalytic water splitting was studied by employing the photocatalyst, Au/TiO2, to produce renewable solar hydrogen. It is well-known that metal particles on TiO2 can behave as electron traps, retarding the recombination of electron−hole pairs, thereby improving reaction activity. However, the electron trap is not the only mechanism responsible for the photoreaction enhancement. Our experiment on methylene blue photodegradation over Au particles proved that the SPR phenomenon was also involved in the photoreaction enhancement. Furthermore, the photocatalytic water splitting was performed on Au/TiO2 prepared by the photodeposition method. The production of hydrogen was significantly increased because Au particles not only acted as electron traps as well as active sites but also played an important role in the SPR enhancement. The intensified electric field at the interface between the Au particle and the subdomain on TiO2 was illustrated by finite element method (FEM) electromagnetic simulation.
Beauveria bassiana rewires molecular mechanisms related to growth and defense in tomato (2023)

Plant roots can exploit beneficial associations with soil-inhabiting microbes, promoting growth and expanding the immune capacity of the host plant. In this work, we aimed to provide new information on changes occurring in tomato interacting with the beneficial fungus Beauveria bassiana. The tomato leaf proteome revealed perturbed molecular pathways during the establishment of the plant-fungus relationship. In the early stages of colonization (5-7 d), proteins related to defense responses to the fungus were down-regulated and proteins related to calcium transport were up-regulated. At later time points (12-19 d after colonization), up-regulation of molecular pathways linked to protein/amino acid turnover and to biosynthesis of energy compounds suggests beneficial interaction enhancing plant growth and development. At the later stage, the profile of leaf hormones and related compounds was also investigated, highlighting up-regulation of those related to plant growth and defense. Finally, B. bassiana colonization was found to improve plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea, impacting plant oxidative damage. Overall, our findings further expand current knowledge on the possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of B. bassiana in tomato plants.
Cardiac vector flow mapping from ultrafast doppler sequences (2017)

Left intraventricular blood flow follows a range of patterns that are mostly overlooked when using conventional ultrasound Doppler techniques. Vortices, in particular, as a blood redirection mechanism, could provide important information on a patient's cardiovascular health. They are not usually visualized, however, due to the need for 2D velocity vector visualization, and their transient nature, too fast for conventional Doppler to sample adequately. In this work, we combine an ultrafast Doppler setup with a vector flow mapping technique based on Doppler estimation and an incompressibility hypothesis to visualize fast 2D intraventricular flow patterns in two dimensions. The same fast sequence used for blood velocity imaging is also used to visualize myocardial dynamics, thereby giving a full picture of cardiac motion and hemodynamics.
System solutions toward terabit/s per channel (2011)

We review the recent progress of terabit optical signal generation and transmission by using single-carrier and multi-carrier modulations. The highest reported bit rates for single-carrier and multi-carrier approaches are 448Gbit/s with polarization-multiplexing 16QAM and 10Tb/s with polarization-multiplexing QPSK over 112 25-Gbaud OFDM subchannels, respectively.
Asymmetric synthesis of the fully functionalized six-membered ring of trigoxyphin A (2018)

An asymmetric synthesis strategy of the fully functionalized six-membered ring of trigoxyphin A, a daphnane-type diterpenoid, has been accomplished concisely from a d-tartrate derivative. Key elements of this synthesis involve the tandem ozonization/intramolecular HWE reaction to construct the α,β-unsaturated cyclohexenone skeleton, the radical cyclization to introduce the C8 chirality and sequential Kumada cross-coupling/hydroboration-oxidation to introduce the C11 chirality. The target substructure could be synthetically achieved on a multi-gram scale.
Comparison of Sorptive Filter Media for Treatment of Metals in Runoff (2005)

Rainfall runoff and snowmelt impacted by anthropogenic activities can transport significant loads of metals. Ecological concerns and recent regulatory guidance have spurred development of unit operations such as ex situ sorptive filters and engineered media infiltration systems with the intent of including sorption mechanisms for metals as compared to conventional filter media. Applications of sorptive media for rainfall or snow unit operations include infiltration systems, sorptive clarifiers, separation systems, and deformable, cartridge, or tubular filters. Column breakthrough experiments were conducted for selected sorptive filter media and compared to conventional filter media. Comparing plain sand, granular activated carbon, and cementitious media to oxide coated/admixture media, manganese oxide coated media (MOCM) had the best overall operational behavior with 10% breakthrough bed volumes (Vb), breakthrough capacity (X∕Mb), and exhaustion capacity (X∕Mexh) two times higher than those of iron oxide coated sand (IOCS). As the empty bed contact time (EBCT) for MOCM increased from 0.5to1.1min; the values of Vb, X∕Mb, and X∕M increased by a factor of 2. Compared to metal breakthrough for uncoated sand or polymeric media, manganese oxide polymeric media (MOPM) as well as bench scale partial exfiltration reactor media (combining uncoated cementitious media and oxide coated media) provided significant capacities for Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn. Removal mechanisms for MOCM include adsorption, surface complexation, ion exchange, and filtration, accounting for MOCM’s high capacity. Although uncoated cementitious media also had a significant capacity for metals through precipitation and filtration, breakthrough instability of metal precipitates and high effluent pH can limit application in monomedium applications.
Utilization of structural and biochemical cues to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration (2011)

This study examines the prospects of using the electrospinning process to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds targeting a variety of regenerative applications, with a primary focus on the production of nerve guides for the treatment of long-defect nerve injuries in the peripheral nervous system. A basic overview of the conventional electrospinning process is provided, and the utility of this fabrication scheme in the production of collagen-based tissue engineering scaffolds is demonstrated. Next, a novel modification of the basic electrospinning process is presented. This process, called two pole air gap electrospinning, was developed to produce nerve guides that exhibit an anisotropic structure that mimics the extracellular matrix of native peripheral nerve tissue. This electrospinning process makes it possible to produce macroscopic nerve guides that are cylindrical in shape and composed of dense arrays of nano- to micron-scale diameter fibers. Unlike, conventional hollow core nerve guides, these electrospun constructs lack a central lumen, hence the designation 3D (for three-dimensional) nerve guide. The fibers are nearly exclusively arrayed in parallel with the long axis of the construct. This architectural feature provides thousands of individual channels, and aligned fibers that provide guidance cues that are designed to drive regenerating axons to grow in a highly directed fashion down the longitudinal axis of the guide. To supplement the structural cues provided by the fibrillar arrays of the electrospun 3D nerve guides, an alginate-based platform designed to deliver therapeutic reagents was developed and characterized. This platform makes it possible to fabricate gradients of therapeutic reagents within the fibrillar arrays of an electrospun nerve guide. Functional and structural analyses of these constructs supplemented with or without a gradient of NGF, in a long-defect nerve injury in the rodent sciatic nerve indicate that the 3D design is superior to the gold standard treatment, the autologous nerve graft. Animals treated with the 3D grafts recovered motor and sensory function faster and exhibited far higher nerve-to-nerve and nerve-to-muscle signal amplitudes in electrophysiological studies than animals treated with autologous grafts or conventional hollow core cylindrical grafts.