gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TextRay: Mining Clinical Reports to Gain a Broad Understanding of Chest\n X-rays (2018)

The chest X-ray (CXR) is by far the most commonly performed radiological\nexamination for screening and diagnosis of many cardiac and pulmonary diseases.\nThere is an immense world-wide shortage of physicians capable of providing\nrapid and accurate interpretation of this study. A radiologist-driven analysis\nof over two million CXR reports generated an ontology including the 40 most\nprevalent pathologies on CXR. By manually tagging a relatively small set of\nsentences, we were able to construct a training set of 959k studies. A deep\nlearning model was trained to predict the findings given the patient frontal\nand lateral scans. For 12 of the findings we compare the model performance\nagainst a team of radiologists and show that in most cases the radiologists\nagree on average more with the algorithm than with each other.\n
Optimal wavelet analysis for THz-TDS pulse signals (2008)

A THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) pulse signal is a temporal response of THz reference pulse. Although the field of THz-TDS signal processing and analysis techniques is relatively unexplored, work has been reported in this field. One of those is wavelet analysis approach of terahertz signals. It has been shown that the wavelet transform is an efficient representation of THz pulses due to their pulse-like nature. Unlike Fourier analysis, which only uses infinite sinusoids as the basis functions, in wavelet analysis, there are a large number of wavelet bases for different applications, and each of these wavelet bases exhibits different properties. In this paper, the problem that how to select an appropriate wavelet basis for representation and analysis of THz-TDS signals is discussed by lots of comparing experiments. Three criterions, which are wavelet basis efficiency index (WBEI), pulse spectral relative entropy (PSRE) and pulse spectral cumulative error (PSCE), are presented to determine a preferable mother wavelet for a given THz-TDS reference pulse.
Regulation of RpoS by a novel small RNA: the characterization of RprA (2001)

Translational regulation of the stationary phase sigma factor RpoS is mediated by the formation of a double-stranded RNA stem-loop structure in the upstream region of the rpoS messenger RNA, occluding the translation initiation site. The interaction of the rpoS mRNA with a small RNA, DsrA, disrupts the double-strand pairing and allows high levels of translation initiation. We screened a multicopy library of Escherichia coli DNA fragments for novel activators of RpoS translation when DsrA is absent. Clones carrying rprA (RpoS regulator RNA) increased the translation of RpoS. The rprA gene encodes a 106 nucleotide regulatory RNA. As with DsrA, RprA is predicted to form three stem-loops and is highly conserved in Salmonella and Klebsiella species. Thus, at least two small RNAs, DsrA and RprA, participate in the positive regulation of RpoS translation. Unlike DsrA, RprA does not have an extensive region of complementarity to the RpoS leader, leaving its mechanism of action unclear. RprA is non-essential. Mutations in the gene interfere with the induction of RpoS after osmotic shock when DsrA is absent, demonstrating a physiological role for RprA. The existence of two very different small RNA regulators of RpoS translation suggests that such additional regulatory RNAs are likely to exist, both for regulation of RpoS and for regulation of other important cellular components.
Characterization of Ternary Blends of Vegetable Oils with Optimal ω-6/ω-3 Fatty Acid Ratios (2019)

An optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (ω-6/ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet prevents the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize ternary oil blends with optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios using olive (OL), sunflower (SU), and cress (CR) oils. The oxidative stability, thermal profile, fatty acid (FA) and tocopherol compositions, and the physicochemical properties of the blends were used to determine their quality. Oil mixtures were prepared with 2, 3, 4, and 5 ω-6/ω-3 ratios. FA composition and tocopherol content were the most important factors affecting the oxidation and thermal stabilities of the oils. All oil mixtures showed good quality indices. Thus, synthetized oil blends with high oxidative stability, high antioxidant content, optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios, and recommended FA compositions can influence human health. The composition of healthy oil blends with optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios was expressed mathematically and depicted graphically in a ternary diagram.
Motion vector coding using optimal predictor (2009)

In this paper, we propose a new motion vector coding scheme using optimal predictor. To improve coding performance of motion vector data, the proposed encoder selects an optimal predictive motion vector that produces minimum bits for the given motion vector. The proposed decoder estimates the optimal predictive motion vector without additional information from encoder for indicating which predictor is used. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is very effective in reducing coded motion vector data since it achieves BDBR (Bjøntegaard Delta Bit Rate) gain of about 4.46% on average compared to the KTA 2.0 software.
Banana streak disease (1993)

Musa disease fact sheet on banana streak disease: symptoms, control of the disease.[Fiche technique sur la mosaique en tirets du bananier : symptomes, controle de la maladie.][Enfermedades de Musa: Hoja divulgativa sobra enfermedad causada por el virus del rayado del banano: Sintomas y control.]
Quantum interference in the control of molecular processes (1997)

Coherent control of molecular processes provides a means of controlling the dynamics of molecules, and of chemical reactions, via laser induced quantum interference. We briefly introduce this approach, provide relevant references and note two recent exciting advances in the control of chemical processes.
Pulsed chemical vapor deposition of conformal GeSe for application as an OTS selector (2021)

Pulsed CVD can be utilized to deposit GeSe in a highly conformal fashion.
The Tachykinin Family of Peptides and Their Receptors (2020)

The tachykinins and the receptors constitute a biologically important system, which emerged very early in life and has evolved to the three mammalian tachykinins, substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B. Work performed by molecular biologists in the last 10 years has led to identification of the genes containing the neuropeptides and their receptors. The existence of multiple receptors for neurokinins was proposed at the beginning of the 1980s, based on pharmacological and biochemical findings. Work with antagonists has revealed differences between species and has led to the identification of receptor subtypes. The tachykinin system appeared very early in evolution and remains an important functional entity in mammals. The system consists of three neurokinins, substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B, which show high affinities for NK-1, NK-2, and NK-3 receptors, respectively. Peptides and receptors have been cloned, and their precursors as well as their molecular structure are known.
Cyberspace and Networked Systems - Paradigms for Security and Dynamic Attacks (2008)

A variety of issues are discussed related to cyberspace warfare and network systems. Present systems are now highly distributed, yet may be extremely vulnerable. Means of developing performance, vulnerability and dynamic response to several types of cyber attacks are considered. It is seen that both the architecture of a distributed network and the characteristics of the constituent nodes that control flows highly influence performance and vulnerability.
A kinetic eikonal equation (2012)

We analyse the linear kinetic transport equation with a BGK relaxation operator. We study the large scale hyperbolic limit $(t,x)\to (t/\eps,x/\eps)$. We derive a new type of limiting Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which is analogous to the classical eikonal equation derived from the heat equation with small diffusivity. We prove well-posedness of the phase problem and convergence towards the viscosity solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. This is a preliminary work before analysing the propagation of reaction fronts in kinetic equations.
Artificial Intelligence: the Future for Synthetic Chemistry? (2019)

2nd French-Israeli Workshop on Cheminformatics, University of Strasbourg, 13-14 February 2020
Multiphoton imaging and manipulation of biological systems (2014)

Through the development of simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing, platforms that can ablate tissue with excellent axial precision, and perform high-speed multiphoton imaging are converging. Recent developments in these platforms are presented.
Transfer of transposon Tn916 from Bacillus subtilis to Thermus aquaticus (1990)

Broad host range conjugating transposon Tn916 has been introduced into the extreme thermophile Thermus by transposon transformation and transposition into the Bacillus subtilis chromosome followed by broth mating with Thermus aquaticus ATCC27634. Tetracycline resistant Thermus transconjugants were obtained at a frequency of 1.4 X 10(-7) per donor and 1.2 X 10(-7) per recipient. Transposon transfer from Thermus to Bacillus subtilis was also demonstrated in similar broth matings. Transfer characteristics were consistent with the conjugation mechanism described for Tn916 in mesophiles.
Anti-inflammatory effects of aHouttuynia cordatasupercritical extract (2010)

Anti-inflammatory effects of Houttuynia cordata supercritical extract (HSE) were investigated in a carrageenan-air pouch model. HSE (200 mg/kg, oral) suppressed exudation and albumin leakage, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration. Dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, i.p.) only decreased exudation and cell infiltration, while indomethacin (2 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced exudate volume and albumin content. HSE lowered tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NO), as well as prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Dexamethasone only reduced TNF-alpha and NO, while indomethacin decreased TNF-alpha and PGE(2). The suppressive activity of HSE on NO and PGE(2) production was confirmed in RAW 264.7. These results demonstrate that HSE exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting both TNF-alpha-NO and cyclooxygenase II-PGE(2) pathways.
Optimized Feature Extraction for Learning-Based Image Steganalysis (2007)

The purpose of image steganalysis is to detect the presence of hidden messages in cover photographic images. Supervised learning is an effective and universal approach to cope with the twin difficulties of unknown image statistics and unknown steganographic codes. A crucial part of the learning process is the selection of low-dimensional informative features. We investigate this problem from three angles and propose a three-level optimization of the classifier. First, we select a subband image representation that provides better discrimination ability than a conventional wavelet transform. Second, we analyze two types of features-empirical moments of probability density functions (PDFs) and empirical moments of characteristic functions of the PDFs-and compare their merits. Third, we address the problem of feature dimensionality reduction, which strongly impacts classification accuracy. Experiments show that our method outperforms previous steganalysis methods. For instance, when the probability of false alarm is fixed at 1%, the stegoimage detection probability of our algorithm exceeds that of its closest competitor by at least 15% and up to 50%
Talker recognition using envelope modulation spectra. (2009)

The envelope modulation spectrum (EMS) is a spectral analysis of the low-rate (0–10 Hz) amplitude modulations of the envelope for the entire speech signal and within specific frequency bands. Using a set of predictor variables computed from these spectra, LeGendre et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 2530–2531 (2009)] were able to classify sentences by dysarthric subtypes with a remarkable degree of accuracy, presumably because the EMS encodes rhythmic perturbations characteristic of each subtype. In the current study, we tested whether the EMS encodes perturbation differences within a subtype by attempting to classify sentences according to individual talkers. Stepwise discriminant analyses were performed on five sentences produced by 12 speakers with ataxic dysarthria. The 60 sentences were accurately assigned to talker 93% of the time. Thus, individual patterns of motor disruption are readily observed in the speech amplitude envelope. A similar analysis was performed with a set of normal control speakers and, again, classification of sentence by talker was remarkably high. These results suggest that talkers have idiosyncratic rhythmic patterns in their speech production that are independent of linguistic content (which was controlled in this study). The EMS may be a useful measure for talker recognition. [Work supported by NIH/NIDCD].
A high fill-factor native logarithmic pixel: Simulation, design and layout optimization (2002)

In this paper we investigate important issues in the design of the logarithmic CMOS pixel. In particular, much attention is paid to the optimization of pixel performance in terms of output gain, dynamic range, and fill-factor. In order to increase the gain-bandwidth product, we propose to use the native transistor as source follower. The performance of such a pixel is compared with that of conventional logarithmic pixels. It is shown that the native source follower yields a significant increase in the gain-bandwidth product. In addition, we propose a layout floor-planning strategy which allows us to achieve a 46% fill-factor. In order to compare the performance of the proposed pixel with the conventional NMOS and PMOS logarithmic pixels, a VLSI prototype has been realized using 0.7 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus (MVA) Induces a Th1-Polarized Immune Response in Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs). (2009)

Abstract Abstract 4650 Introduction MVA is one of the most promising vaccine candidates for infectious diseases as well as for malignancies. Astonishingly, little information exists about the mechanism by which immune responses to MVA are generated. It was shown that among leukocytes - which are essential for the generation of cellular and humoral immune responses - APCs like dendritic cells, monocytes and B cells are preferentially infected. But little is known about the effects on APCs. Therefore we wanted to analyze in more detail the general effects of MVA infections on different immune cells. Methods Primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and isolated leukocyte populations in particular monocyte derived DCs, monocytes and B cells were infected with (wildtype) wtMVA or MVA-gfp (green fluorescent protein) to verify the infection. Subsequently changes in surface markers and cytokine expression were assessed. Results Among PBMCs and specific isolated leukocyte populations, monocytes, DCs and B cells were most susceptible to MVA infection. NK cells showed a lower and T cells a very low infection rate. Surprisingly, selected monocytes were less susceptible to MVA as compared to unselected ones. This phenomenon is due to phagocytosis of other infected PBMCs by monocytes. Furthermore we could show that MVA causes a downregulation of CD14 on iDCs and monocytes as well as of CD25, CD80, and CD86 on B cells. Furthermore, there was a slight downregulation of CD1a on iDCs and mDCs and of CD80 on iDCs. On the other hand MVA caused an upregulation of HLA-DR on monocytes and additionally a slight upregulation of CD40 on iDCs. Moreover, MVA evoked a slight upregulation of CD83 on iDCs but a slight downregulation on mDCs. Above all, we could demonstrate that MVA induces an upregulation of CXCL10 in iDCs, mDCs, monocytes, and B cells, and an upregulation of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-12p70 in iDCs, mDCs, and monocytes. In addition, we revealed a downregulation of CXCL8 in monocytes as well as of IL-β in B cells. Conclusions These results suggest that MVA induces a Th1-polarized immune response in APCs. Thus, MVA seems to be an appropriate vaccine vector for antiviral immunotherapy of stem cell transplant recipients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
MoM based EMI analysis on large wind turbine GSM 900 MHz communication backup-system (2007)

Electro-magnetic fields resulting from a GSM transmitter mounted on a large wind turbine will be analyzed. This cellular system operates as novel communication backup in case the standard communication between operator and hub control systems is interrupted. The method-of-moments is used to analytically describe the electro-magnetic fields caused by a GSM 900 MHz transmitter mounted on the hub of a wind turbine. Using a commercial simulation tool the electromagnetic field distribution will be analyzed to determine an optimized wireless communication link to a base station. Different transmitter positions are evaluated based on their radiation patterns. Scattering and diffraction by the turbine’s rotation is taken into account.
Bioremediation of highly energetic compounds: a search for remediation technologies (2000)

When TNT (N-source) was treated with anaerobic sludge it biotransformed into triaminotoluene (TAT) in high yield (80%). Results of experiments using 13C-labeling indicate that denitrated or deaminated products such as p-cresol and toluene were not formed. Whereas 14C-labeling showed negligible mineralization (&amp;lt;0.1% 14CO2) despite the complete disappearance of TNT. On the other hand, when TNT (175 μM) was treated with the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium it disappeared completely in less than two weeks, but mineralization (liberated 14CO2) did not exceed 1%. Several intermediates, marked with the initial formation of the two monohydroxylamino-dinitrotoluene (HADNT) followed by their transformation to monoamino-dinitrotoluenes (ADNT), diamines (DANT), acetylated TNT products, and azo and hydrazo derivatives were detected. In contrast, high concentrations (ca 20,000 ppm) of RDX and HMX were effectively degraded (ca 70%) in soil slurries using municipal anaerobic sludge. RDX and HMX disappearance was accompanied by the elimination of toxicity associated with RDX and HMX as determined by the Microtox test.
Scalable IPv6 multi-homing scheme based on end-to-end argument (2003)

The motivation of the multi-homing is to improve reliability and load sharing. However, the existing multi-homing schemes for IPv6 seem to simply focus on preserving connectivity via other links when one of the links fails. In this paper, we present a multi-homing scheme in IPv6 considering the load sharing and delay latency, and reliability. The simulation results show the distinct performance of our approach.
Daytime consequences and correlates of insomnia in the United States: results of the 1991 National Sleep Foundation Survey. II. (1999)

The daytime consequences and correlates of insomnia were examined in the National Sleep Foundation and the Gallup Organization survey of 1,000 randomly selected Americans. Respondents were grouped as having occasional insomnia, chronic insomnia or no insomnia. There were dramatic differences in reported waking behaviors and psychosocial measures by insomniacs compared to those who do not report sleep difficulty. These problems include impaired concentration, impaired memory, decreased ability to accomplish daily tasks and decreased enjoyment of interpersonal relationships. Importantly, most of these variables showed an increasing degree of impairment with greater frequency of sleep disturbance. These findings suggest that insomnia negatively impacts aspects of waking function related to quality of life.
Investigating the role of fuzzy sets in a spatial modeling framework (2002)

This paper outlines a method of constructing a spatial data collection agent that is capable of adopting a spatial sampling strategy along a transect network in real-time, based on minimal prior knowledge of the measured surface and a concept of spatial heterogeneity. The agent uses fuzzy reasoning to decide upon the appropriate distance to travel along the current transect before making a new measurement. Fuzzy functions for the sets "widely spaced" and "immediate neighbourhood" are constructed "on the fly" based on the deviation of the most recent measurement from the value anticipated from the original crude surface. The two functions are combined to produce a /spl Pi/ curve, and the minimum distance between samples that produces a maximum fuzzy membership, i.e. that balances sample sparseness and sample density, is used to determine the next sample point along the transect. The exact form of the fuzzy functions and their parameterization will be designed using a spatially explicit simulation modeling framework to produce experimental performance measures. It is anticipated that the resulting agent will be sufficiently elegant to be easily incorporated into semi-autonomous field acquisition systems, and ultimately contribute to autonomous acquisition systems.
Postal address block location in real time (1992)

The CEDAR real-time address block location system, which determines candidates for the location of the destination address from a scanned mail piece image, is described. For each candidate destination address block (DAB), the address block location (ABL) system determines the line segmentation, global orientation, block skew, an indication of whether the address appears to be handwritten or machine printed, and a value indicating the degree of confidence that the block actually contains the destination address. With 20-MHz Sparc processors, the average time per mail piece for the combined hardware and software system components is 0.210 seconds. The system located 89.0% of the addresses as the top choice. Recent developments in the system include the use of a top-down segmentation tool, address syntax analysis using only connected component data, and improvements to the segmentation refinement routines. This has increased top choice performance to 91.4%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Refined Conformal Mapping Model for MOSFET Parasitic Capacitances Based on Elliptic Integrals (2015)

In this paper, the main MOSFET parasitic capacitances of planar devices (i.e., bulk, Fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI), and planar double gate) are computed using two successive conformal mapping transforms. First, the structure is mapped to the real axis of the complex plane, and then the second transform, deduced directly from the Schwarz-Christoffel theorem, reduces the capacitance to the trivial parallel electrodes case. This second step involves elliptic integrals, which provide a generic expression for all parasitic capacitances. This method is later compared against other models based on conformal mapping. Finally, the results are validated with finite-element method simulations of the inner and outer fringe capacitances in different architectures, including metallic contacts and raised and faceted junctions.