gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrust areas in agricultural engineering education and research in Malaysia (1985)

Malaysia is a leading producer of palm oil and rubber and is presently intensifying production activities in various types of food crops. Modernization of the agricultural sector is necessary to optimise production and to improve working condition. Expertise at various levels of agricultural production ranging from land preparation to harvesting and post-harvest operations is needed. Research and development work in agricultural engineering is being directed towards solving the immediate problems of this sector.
The multiple-call hand-off problem in high-capacity cellular communications systems (1991)

The author presents a preliminary analytical model that characterizes the central issues of the hand-off problem when vehicles can support multiple calls simultaneously. In such cases a cell boundary crossing by a single vehicle can generate multiple hand-off attempts. A suitable vector state representation is identified which casts the problem as a multidimensional birth-death process. An iterative method is used to find implicit hand-off parameters for systems in statistical equilibrium. Theoretical performance characteristics that show blocking, hand-off failure, and forced termination probabilities as functions of communication traffic are determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation and Diagnostics: Toward Routine Clinical Use (2011)

From February 7-11, 2011, the multidisciplinary Lorentz Workshop Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Isolation and Diagnostics: Toward Routine Clinical Use was held in Leiden (The Netherlands) to discuss progress and define challenges and potential solutions for development of clinically useful circulating tumor cell (CTC) diagnostics. CTCs, captured as "liquid biopsy" from blood, for counting and characterization using pathology and molecular assays, are expected to replace metastatic tissue biopsies to be used to predict drug response and resistance and to monitor therapy response and cancer recurrence. CTCs are highly heterogeneous; therefore, cancer type-specific isolation technologies, as well as complex clinical interpretation software, are required.
Nanofibrous scaffolds for corneal tissue engineering (2013)

Abstract This contribution will report on nanofibrous scaffolds for corneal tissue engineering. By electrospinning, biodegradable nanofibers can be created that form a semitransparent layer. This can be used as a substrate for further cell seeding procedures. It is the goal to use this scaffold in ocular surface reconstruction.
Design of a High Efficiency Industrial Turbine Blade Utilizing Third Generation Single Crystal Alloy CMSX®-10 (1997)

Future advancements in the efficiency and reliability of Industrial Gas Turbines (IGT) will be closely tied to the application of advanced materials, together with increasingly sophisticated turbine hot section designs. An example of this trend is illustrated by the recent design of a first stage blade component for an advanced IGT concept utilizing the third generation single crystal superalloy CMSX-10. It is anticipated that alloy CMSX-10 will permit the use of increased turbine firing temperatures with reduced cooling flows compared to previous recuperated turbine designs, while maintaining acceptable blade durability and life-cycle cost. This paper discusses some of the design/materials analyses and cost studies performed on the blade, which ultimately led to the consideration of alloy CMSX-10 for the IGT application. The solid modeling and finite element blade design methods which allowed the incorporation of state-of-the-art cooling technology and aerodynamics are described. Alloy CMSX-10 characteristics, particularly mechanical properties and microstructural stability considerations, are discussed. Additionally, the results of a recent casting demonstration in an IGT blade configuration are presented. Finally, future tasks supporting the application of the alloy are outlined, such as coatings development efforts and the DOE/ORNL sponsored Land Based Turbine Casting Initiative; activities sponsored through a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Energy within the Advanced Turbine System (ATS) Program.
Suppression of oligomer formation in glucose dehydration by CO2 and tetrahydrofuran (2017)

The synergetic action of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and low-pressure CO<sub>2</sub> (1.0 MPa) is favourable for effective inhibition of humin precursor (<italic>i.e.</italic>, oligomer) formation in the conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
Validation expérimentale d'une modélisation de type RC sur une enveloppe hybride (2005)

Afin de réduire et de maîtriser les consommations énergétiques liées au chauffage et à la climatisation, l’enveloppe du bâtiment doit s’adapter à son climat local (conception intégrée) et utiliser les ressources disponibles (isolation dynamique). L’isolation a fait l’objet de nombreuses études [1] et s’est considérablement améliorée ces dernières années. Les normes RT2000 (norme française) et R2000 (norme canadienne) fixent des valeurs de coefficient de déperdition U (W.m -2 .K -1 ) nettement inférieures à celles mesurées sur le parc existant. Les labels MINERGIE (en Suisse), PASSIVHAUS (en Allemagne) sont également des exemples d’objectifs atteignables par une conceptionrigoureuse. Du fait de cette amélioration de l’isolation, les systèmes de chauffage traditionnels sont pour la plupart largement surdimensionnés et de nouveaux systèmes de chauffage doivent être développés et intégrés à l’enveloppe [2]. Une prochaine étape pour les bâtiments àénergie positive est l’intégration du chauffage dansl’enveloppe : conception d’enveloppes hybrides dont il faut connaître la dynamique. Cette connaissance passe par celle des phénomènes de convection : pour des enveloppes ventilées, ils offrent en effet un moyen d’action sur les transferts thermique au sein de celles-ci facilement accessible tout au long de l’année par la maîtrise du débit du fluide. Une bonne caractérisation des échanges par convection tant naturelle (éléments actifs hors fonction) que forcée (éléments actifs en fonctionnement) est donc indispensable. Afin de statuer sur les performances énergétiques des systèmes d’enveloppes, un outil de simulation a été développé dans l’environnement Matlab. Ce travail concerne dans un premier temps le cas de la convection naturelle : plusieurs corrélations sont confrontées par un comparatif entre le modèle et des mesures expérimentales.
High expression of insulin receptor on tumour‐associated blood vessels in invasive bladder cancer predicts poor overall and progression‐free survival (2017)

Bladder cancer is a frequently recurring disease with a very poor prognosis once progressed to invasive stages, and tumour-associated blood vessels play a crucial role in this process. In order to identify novel biomarkers associated with progression, we isolated blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) from human invasive bladder cancers and matched normal bladder tissue, and found that tumour-associated BECs greatly up-regulated the expression of insulin receptor (INSR). High expression of INSR on BECs of invasive bladder cancers was significantly associated with shorter progression-free and overall survival. Furthermore, increased expression of the INSR ligand IGF-2 in invasive bladder cancers was associated with reduced overall survival. INSR may therefore represent a novel biomarker to predict cancer progression. Mechanistically, we observed pronounced hypoxia in human bladder cancer tissue, and found a positive correlation between the expression of the hypoxia marker gene GLUT1 and vascular INSR expression, indicating that hypoxia drives INSR expression in tumour-associated blood vessels. In line with this, exposure of cultured BECs and human bladder cancer cell lines to hypoxia led to increased expression of INSR and IGF-2, respectively, and IGF-2 increased BEC migration through the activation of INSR in vitro. Taken together, we identified vascular INSR expression as a potential biomarker for progression in bladder cancer. Furthermore, our data suggest that IGF-2/INSR mediated paracrine crosstalk between bladder cancer cells and endothelial cells is functionally involved in tumour angiogenesis and may thus represent a new therapeutic target. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of Three-Dimensional Sonomicrometry to Study the Motion of the Mitral Valve (1997)

To develop an anatomically correct mitral valve prosthesis, one needs to study the dynamics of the mitral valve apparatus in vivo. The authors used three-dimensional (3D) sonomicrometry and custom visualization software to develop a system to study the mitral valve. Sixteen ultrasonic transducers each were implanted into the hearts of pigs under cardiopulmonary bypass. Four of these crystals were affixed to the base and apex of both papillary muscles, four were attached to the free edge of the anterior and posterior leaflets where the main chordae attach, six were placed around the mitral annulus, and two were affixed to the epicardial wall. The digital sonomicrometer system sequentially fired each transducer and listened for an ultrasound signal at the other 15. This process was repeated so that all 16 transducers were sequentially fired, and each cycle of 16 was repeated 200 times/sec. The matrix of distances obtained between all the combinations of pairs of the 16 transducers was converted to x, y, z coordinates, the shape of the mitral valve apparatus was reconstructed in 3D on a graphics computer, and the valve's motion was analyzed over several cardiac cycles. The authors conclude that mapping of the mitral valve apparatus in pigs by 3D sonomicrometry provides quantitative measurements that can aid in the design of a mitral valve prosthesis that closely replicates the anatomy and function of the natural valve.
To Exchange or Not to Exchange. Suppressing Anion Exchange in Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites with PbSO4–Oleate Capping (2018)

The ease of halide ion exchange in metal halide nanocrystals offers an opportunity to utilize them in a layered or tandem fashion to achieve graded bandgap films. We have now successfully suppressed the halide ion exchange by capping CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 nanocrystals with PbSO4–oleate to create a nanostructure assembly that inhibits the exchange of anions. Absorption measurements show that the nanocrystal assemblies maintain their identity as either CsPbBr3 or CsPbI3 for several days. Furthermore, the effect of PbSO4–oleate capping on the excited state dynamics has also been elucidated. The effectiveness of PbSO4–oleate capping of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals offers new opportunities to overcome the challenges of halide ion exchange and aid toward the tandem design of perovskite light-harvesting assemblies.
Complications and Surgical Considerations in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Carbon Fiber Interbody Cages and Steffee Pedicle Screws and Plates (2003)

Sixty consecutive patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion with a carbon fiber cage and posterolateral fusion using Steffee VSP (Depuy, Raynham, Mass) pedicle screw and plate instrumentation were reviewed. Perioperative complications, operative blood loss, and operative time were evaluated. Six dural tears, three transient sensory deficits, and two cases of deep venous thrombosis were reported. Operative blood loss for primary cases averaged 269 cc for one level and 569 cc for two levels fused. Patients with prior surgery averaged 378 cc for one level and 470 cc for two levels fused. Operative time for primary cases averaged 202 minutes for one level and 251 minutes for two levels fused. Patients with prior surgery required 208 minutes for one level and 251 minutes for two levels fused. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with instrumented posterolateral fusion can be performed with a low intraoperative complication rate. Blood loss and operative time compare favorably with alternative methods of obtaining 360 degree fusion. Radiographic fusion was obtained in 100% of patients. Outcome analysis revealed 67% excellent or good results.
Breast cancer detection : mammography and other methods in breast imaging (1987)

Addresses mammography and the advantages and limitations of other breast imaging methods. The first section discusses the establishment of X-ray mammography as the safest and most accurate noninvasive method of early breast cancer detection; the second section emphasizes the signs of early cancer, the complete mammographic examination, and the team approach to diagnosis; the final section presents the benefits of mammography and its unmatched value in screening for breast cancer.
Supplementary Table 3 from Cancer-Associated Adipose Tissue Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Paracrine Oncostatin M and Jak/STAT3 Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IDCA: invasive ductal carcinoma, Max diam: maximal diameter, ER: estrogen receptor, PR: progesterone receptor, Pos LN: positive lymph nodes, LVI: lymphovascular invasion, BMI: body mass index.&lt;/p&gt;
The effect of erlotinib on CYP3A4 activity, as quantified by the erythromycin breath test and oral midazolam kinetics in cancer patients: Preliminary results (2005)

3076 Background: In vitro, erlotinib (Tarceva) is both a substrate for, and an inhibitor of CYP3A4, raising the possibility of drug interactions. This was a multi-center, open label study conducted in cancer patients to evaluate the effect of erlotinib on CYP3A4 activity using two probe substrates. Erythromycin metabolism correlates well with hepatic CYP3A4 content, whereas midazolam (MDZ) reflects both intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4 activity. Methods: Erlotinib was administered as 150 mg oral tablet once daily from days 8 to 14. Erlotinib treatment was restarted on day 22 as an extension phase at the discretion of the investigator. A single oral dose of 7.5 mg MDZ oral tablet (Hoffman-La Roche, Inc., Basel, Switzerland) and 3 μCi (0.0704 mol or 0.03 mg) of [14C N-methyl] erythromycin (Metabolic Solutions, Inc. Nashua, NH) dissolved in 5% dextrose in water by intravenous injection were administered on days 1, 8, 14 and 21. Pharmacokinetics of MDZ and erythromycin breath test (ERBT) were evaluated at day 1 (pre-erlotinib), erlotinib treatment day 8 and day 14 and post-erlotinib treatment day 21. Here, we report preliminary data from sixteen completed patients (out of 28 planned). Results: Mean plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of MDZ decreased (24% on Day 8 and 30% on Day 14) from baseline value after erlotinib treatment. Data from ERBT showed little effect of erlotinib on excretion of CO2 (6% decrease on day 8 but 7% increase on day 14). Both measures, however, were associated with wide interpatient variability. Conclusions: In conclusion, preliminary data did not demonstrate an inhibitory effect of erlotinib on clearance of MDZ (hence CYP3A4). Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech, OSI, Roche OSI, Roche Genentech, OSI OSI, Roche OSI, Roche
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Contact-Rich Skills Using Compliant Movement Primitives (2020)

In recent years, industrial robots have been installed in various industries to handle advanced manufacturing and high precision tasks. However, further integration of industrial robots is hampered by their limited flexibility, adaptability and decision making skills compared to human operators. Assembly tasks are especially challenging for robots since they are contact-rich and sensitive to even small uncertainties. While reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising framework to learn contact-rich control policies from scratch, its applicability to high-dimensional continuous state-action spaces remains rather limited due to high brittleness and sample complexity. To address those issues, we propose different pruning methods that facilitate convergence and generalization. In particular, we divide the task into free and contact-rich sub-tasks, perform the control in Cartesian rather than joint space, and parameterize the control policy. Those pruning methods are naturally implemented within the framework of dynamic movement primitives (DMP). To handle contact-rich tasks, we extend the DMP framework by introducing a coupling term that acts like the human wrist and provides active compliance under contact with the environment. We demonstrate that the proposed method can learn insertion skills that are invariant to space, size, shape, and closely related scenarios, while handling large uncertainties. Finally we demonstrate that the learned policy can be easily transferred from simulations to real world and achieve similar performance on UR5e robot.
CCDC 1529273: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2017)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Efficiency and Loss Models for Key Electronic Components of Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles' Electrical Propulsion Systems (2007)

Isolated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are widely used in power electronic applications including electric, hybrid electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EVs, HEVs, and PHEVs). The trend towards more electric vehicles (MEVs) has demanded the need for power electronic devices capable of handling power in the range of 10-100 kW. However, the converter losses in this power range are of critical importance. Therefore, thermal management of the power electronic devices/converters is crucial for the reliability and longevity of the advanced vehicles. To aid the design of heat exchangers for the IGBT modules used in propulsion motor drives, a loss model for the IGBTs is necessary. The loss model of the IGBTs will help in the process of developing new heat exchangers and advanced thermal interface materials by reducing cost and time. This paper deals with the detailed loss modeling of IGBTs for advanced electrical propulsion systems. An experimental based loss model is proposed. The proposed loss calculation method utilizes the experimental data to reconstruct the loss surface of the power electronic devices by means of curve fitting and linear extrapolating. This enables the calculation of thermal losses in different voltage, current, and temperature conditions of operation. To verify the calculation method, an experimental test set-up was designed and built. The experimental set-up is an IGBT based bi-directional DC/DC converter. In addition, simulation results are presented to verify the proposed calculation method.
OCCURRENCE OF ENTOMOPHTHORALES ON SPITTLEBUGS PESTS OF PASTURE IN EASTERN SÃO PAULO STATE, BRAZIL (2002)

ABSTRACT Spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) are the most important pests of pasture in Brazil. Nymphal behavior, i.e. residing in the soil, makes their control with insecticides difficult. Although Entomophthorales fungi occasionally have been found at epizootic levels in spittlebug populations, they have not been cultured, had their incidence levels determined, nor evaluated for pest control potential. The research reported here aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Entomophthorales species on spittlebug pests of pasture in Pindamonhangaba County, São Paulo State, Brazil. Evaluations were carried out in 2 adjacent fields with Brachiaria decumbens and Pennisetum purpureum grasses, respectively, of 5 ha each. Evaluations were done every 4 days from January through February by capturing spittlebug adults on leaves with an entomological sweep net, and the insect samples were kept frozen until examined. Insect abdomens were dissected and observed by microscopy for the presence of hyphae and resting spores. Insects cadavers with sporulating fungus were collected in the field and taken immediately to the lab to isolate the pathogen. Scanning electron microscopy pictures were taken of conidophores, and primary and secondary conidia of both fungi. Furia sp. was found at epizootic levels on Deois schach in the Brachiaria pasture, reaching 80% infected followed by a fall in the insect population. Batkoa sp. was found at enzootic levels (&lt; 10% infected) on Mahanarva fimbriolata in the P. purpureum pasture. Furia sp. also was found to infect another important spittlebug, Deois flavopicta, indicating that it has good potential as a bioinsecticide. Heavy rainfall adversely affected the occurrence of Batkoa sp. in M. fimbriolata populations in P. purpureum pasture.
Mimicry of bryostatin 1 induced phosphorylation patterns in HL-60 cells by high-phorbol ester concentrations. (1988)

The bryostatins are a group of macrocyclic lactones isolated from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina. Bryostatin 1, like the phorbol esters, activates protein kinase C; however, it partially inhibits the phorbol ester induced differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60. We compared the phosphorylation response in HL-60 cells treated with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or bryostatin 1. Bryostatin 1 enhanced the phosphorylation of the same proteins as did typical concentrations (10(-8)-10(-9) M) of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. In addition, bryostatin 1 caused the appearance of 2 phosphorylated protein spots with molecular weights of 70,000 and pIs of 6.3-6.4. These latter phosphorylations were evident after a 30-min exposure to bryostatin 1 at 6 nM. Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate concentrations of at least 600 nM, approximately 100-fold that necessary to induce differentiation, also induced the appearance of these phosphoprotein spots. The Mr 70,000 phosphoproteins were located in the ionic detergent-soluble cellular fraction which would contain the cytoskeletal proteins. Their phosphorylation was almost totally on serine residues. We speculate that phorbol esters at very high concentrations may more closely resemble bryostatin 1.
Adaptive tracking control of on-line path planners: velocity fields and navigation functions (2005)

Traditionally, robot control research has focused on the position tracking problem where the objective is to force the robot's end-effector to follow an a priori known desired time dependent trajectory. Motivated by task objectives that are more effectively described by on-line, state-dependent trajectories, two adaptive tracking controllers are developed in this paper that accommodate on-line path planning objectives. An example adaptive controller is first modified to achieve velocity field tracking in the presence of parametric uncertainty in the robot dynamics. An adaptive navigation function based controller is then designed that targets the trajectory planning problem where the task objective can be described as the desire to move from an initial condition to a goal configuration while avoiding known obstacles.