gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HERVs New Role in Cancer: From Accused Perpetrators to Cheerful Protectors (2018)

Initial indications that retroviruses are connected to neoplastic transformation were seen more than a century ago. This concept has also been tested for endogenized retroviruses (ERVs) that are abundantly expressed in many transformed cells. In healthy cells, ERV expression is commonly prevented by DNA methylation and other epigenetic control mechanisms. ERVs are remnants of former exogenous forms that invaded the germ line of the host and have since been vertically transmitted. Several examples of ERV-induced genomic recombination events and dysregulation of cellular genes that contribute to tumor formation have been well documented. Moreover, evidence is accumulating that certain ERV proteins have oncogenic properties. In contrast to these implications for supporting cancer induction, a recent string of papers has described favorable outcomes of increasing human ERV (HERV) RNA and DNA abundance by treatment of cancer cells with methyltransferase inhibitors. Analogous to an infecting agent, the ERV-derived nucleic acids are sensed in the cytoplasm and activate innate immune responses that drive the tumor cell into apoptosis. This "viral mimicry" induced by epigenetic drugs might offer novel therapeutic approaches to help target cancer cells that are normally difficult to treat using standard chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss both the detrimental and the new beneficial role of HERV reactivation in terms of its implications for cancer.
Utilisation des techniques de la Réalité Virtuelle pour la modélisation interactive (1996)

International audience
Dual-channel audio equalization and cross-talk cancellation for 3-D sound reproduction (1997)

Three dimensional (3-D) sound effects depend on psychoacoustic spectral and phase cues being present in a reproduced signal. Dual-channel audio equalization and cross-talk cancellation allow accurate phase and spectral cues to be reproduced over dual-channel loudspeaker systems. This paper presents an innovative dual-stage algorithm that greatly improves the performance in the presence of highly correlated inputs. The first stage uses a modified dual-channel direct path modeling algorithm to model the path network from the loudspeakers to the ears. The second stage uses the direct path model to form the inverse filter network to compensate for the effects of these physical paths.
A continuous media application supporting dynamic QOS control on real-time Mach (1994)

A QOS control is one of the most important factors in continuous media applications. The QOS levels of the applications should be maintained even if several continuous media applications are running concurrently. Also, the QOS levels should be changed according to a number of applications and their respective importances when a system is overloaded. This paper presents our experience with a video-on-demand system that supports a dynamic QOS control scheme on Real-Time Mach, and shows the necessity of a real-time resource management for building such applications.
Psychiatrists meet on the web: the chance for a virtual congress. Results and experiences from the First International Internet Congress on Psychiatry 1997 (1999)

From December 1-31, 1997, the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy in co-operation with the Department of Information Technology, University of Tübingen, Germany, organised the first virtual congress on psychiatry in the Internet. The congress was aimed at facilitating exchange of results of psychiatric studies and ideas and at stimulating discussion among interested colleagues. Almost 100 participants from 17 countries on four continents took part in this event. Sixteen contributions were presented and discussed. The problems and opportunities of this medium in the organisation and running of congresses are presented and discussed. The experience gained in this congress suggests that the Internet will find increasing use as a medium for medical congresses within the next few years.
Naamidine A Is an Antagonist of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and an in Vivo Active Antitumor Agent (1998)

The known 2-aminoimidazole alkaloid naamidine A (1) was isolated from a Fijian Leucetta sp. sponge as an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. The compound exhibited potent ability to inhibit the EGF signaling pathway and is more specific for the EGF-mediated mitogenic response than for the insulin-mediated mitogenic response. Evaluation in an A431 xenograft tumor model in athymic mice indicated that naamidine A exhibited at least 85% growth inhibition at the maximal tolerated dose of 25 mg/kg. Preliminary mechanism of action studies indicate that the alkaloid fails to inhibit the binding of EGF to the receptor and has no effect on the catalytic activity of purified c-src tyrosine kinase.
Autophagy master regulator TFEB induces clearance of toxic SERPINA1/α-1-antitrypsin polymers (2013)

Deficiency of SERPINA1/AAT [serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (α-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 1/α 1-antitrypsin] results in polymerization and aggregation of mutant SERPINA1 molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes, triggering liver injury. SERPINA1 deficiency is the most common genetic cause of hepatic disease in children and is frequently responsible for chronic liver disease in adults. Liver transplantation is currently the only available treatment for the severe form of the disease. We found that liver-directed gene transfer of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, results in marked reduction of toxic mutant SERPINA1 polymer, apoptosis and fibrosis in the liver of a mouse model of SERPINA1 deficiency. TFEB-mediated correction of hepatic disease is dependent upon increased degradation of SERPINA1 polymer in autolysosomes and decreased expression of SERPINA1 monomer. In conclusion, TFEB gene transfer is a novel strategy for treatment of liver disease in SERPINA1 deficiency. Moreover, this study suggests that TFEB-mediated cellular clearance may have broad applications for therapy of human disorders due to intracellular accumulation of toxic proteins.
Bootstrapping Multilingual Relation Discovery Using English Wikipedia and Wikimedia-Induced Entity Extraction (2011)

Relation extraction has been a subject of significant study over the past decade. Most relation extractors have been developed by combining the training of complex computational systems on large volumes of annotations with extensive rule writing by language experts. Moreover, many relation extractors are reliant on other non-trivial NLP technologies which themselves are developed through significant human efforts, such as entity tagging, parsing, etc. Due to the high cost of creating and assembling the required resources, relation extractors have typically been developed for only high-resourced languages. In this paper, we describe a near-zero-cost methodology to build relation extractors for significantly distinct non-English languages using only freely available Wikipedia and other web documents, and some knowledge of English. We apply our methodology and build alma-mater, birthplace, father, occupation, and spouse relation extractors in Greek, Spanish, Russian, and Chinese. We conduct evaluations of induced relations at the file level which are the most refined we have seen in the literature.
Resistance of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete to Deicing Chemicals (2010)

The damaging impact of deicing chemicals on portland cement pervious concrete materials was investigated. Two concrete mixes (with and without latex modification) were subjected to three deicing chemicals (sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and calcium-magnesium acetate) under a freezing–thawing or drying–wetting condition. Two deicing chemical application methods (saturated and drained) were employed. The impact of deicing chemicals on the concrete was evaluated based on concrete mass and strength losses. Of the deicing chemicals studied, the calcium chloride solution caused the most damage, while the calcium magnesium acetate caused the least. The saturated scaling test method, followed according to ASTM C672, provided much higher mass loss of tested concrete samples when compared with a modified, more realistic drained test method.
Lanai High-Density Irradiance Sensor Network for characterizing solar resource variability of MW-scale PV system (2010)

Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) and SunPower Corporation (SunPower) have completed design and deployment of an autonomous irradiance monitoring system based on wireless mesh communications and a battery operated data acquisition system. The Lanai High-Density Irradiance Sensor Network is comprised of 24 LI-COR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> irradiance sensors (silicon pyranometers) polled by 19 RF Radios. The system was implemented with commercially available hardware and custom developed LabVIEW applications. The network of solar irradiance sensors was installed in January 2010 around the periphery and within the 1.2 MW ac La Ola PV plant on the island of Lanai, Hawaii. Data acquired at 1 second intervals is transmitted over wireless links to be time-stamped and recorded on SunPower data servers at the site for later analysis. The intent is to study power and solar resource data sets to correlate the movement of cloud shadows across the PV array and its effect on power output of the PV plant. The irradiance data sets recorded will be used to study the shape, size and velocity of cloud shadows. This data, along with time-correlated PV array output data, will support the development and validation of a PV performance model that can predict the short-term output characteristics (ramp rates) of PV systems of different sizes and designs. This analysis could also be used by the La Ola system operator to predict power ramp events and support the function of the future battery system. This experience could be used to validate short-term output forecasting methodologies.
Method and apparatus for monitoring characteristics of a flow path having solid components flowing therethrough (2023)

A method and apparatus is provided for monitoring a flow path having plurality of different solid components flowing therethrough. For example, in the harvesting of a plant material, many factors surrounding the threshing, separating or cleaning of the plant material and may lead to the inadvertent inclusion of the component being selectively harvested with residual plant materials being discharged or otherwise processed. In accordance with the present invention the detection of the selectively harvested component within residual materials may include the monitoring of a flow path of such residual materials by, for example, directing an excitation signal toward of flow path of material and then detecting a signal initiated by the presence of the selectively harvested component responsive to the excitation signal. The detected signal may be used to determine the presence or absence of a selected plant component within the flow path of residual materials.
Selection of Process Conditions for Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Textile Yarn (1977)

A method is given for predicting birefringence, natural draw, and maximum elongation of continuous-filament polyethylene terephthalate) yarn when the take-up speed and spun denier are known. The method is accurate for yarns made from the normal molecular weight in common use in the industry and can be adjusted for any filament count. In addition, an approximation is given which is useful in choosing the proper draw ratio for draw texturizing.
Low-power sensor node for the detection of methane and propane (2021)

Abstract. The detection of flammable gases is necessary to avoid explosive atmospheres. For this reason, low-cost pellistors are frequently used. However, such commercial pellistors require an operation temperature of 450 ∘C or more for the detection of methane and a correspondingly high power consumption. We present a novel wireless low-power catalytic gas sensor system based on non-precious metal catalyst for the detection of methane and propane operated at 350 ∘C. The combination of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based sensor with a low-power radio system provides the opportunity to monitor complex infrastructure without using a power grid as power supply. The sensor system has been characterised extensively under the exposure to methane and propane at concentrations between 2000 and 8000 ppm, as these gases are the common test gases for pellistors in industry. Methane is the main component of natural gas; propane is an important component of liquified petroleum gas (LPG). In addition, the influence of changes in humidity on the sensor response to methane was examined in more detail. Due to the planned operation of the sensor and radio system in different application scenarios, short (3 s) and long (60 s) sampling rates were used for investigations.
Long-period grating filter with tunable attenuation for spectral equalization of erbium-doped fiber broadband light sources (2004)

This work describes a long-period grating filter with tunable attenuation. The device is ideally suitable for equalization of the output power spectrum of erbium-doped fiber amplified spontaneous emission sources. The tunability arises from incorporating the grating in a Mach-Zehnder configuration that includes a tunable coupler. Experimentally, we achieved a change in attenuation of approximately 14 dB in a wavelength band centered at 1531 nm. The peak-to-peak ripple in the power spectrum of the source improved from 12.2 to 3.8 dB in the wavelength range from 1524 to 1563 nm. Tunability assures that the spectral ripple can be controlled over a wide range of pump power.
Recherche de nouveaux matériaux thermoélectriques par criblage ab-initio de composés intermétalliques ternaires (2019)

International audience
Effect of Sodium Nitrite on Toxin Production by Clostridium botulinum in bacon (1974)

Pork bellies were formulated to 0, 30, 60, 120, 170, or 340 mug of nitrite per g of meat and inoculated with Clostridium botulinum via pickle or after processing and slicing. Processed bacon was stored at 7 or 27 C and assayed for nitrite, nitrate, and botulinal toxin at different intervals. Nitrite levels declined during processing and storage. The rate of decrease was more rapid at 27 than at 7 C. Although not added to the system, nitrate was detected in samples during processing and storage at 7 and 27 C. The amount of nitrate found was related to formulated nitrite levels. No toxin was found in samples incubated at 7 C throughout the 84-day test period. At 27 C, via pickle, inoculated samples with low inoculum (210 C. botulinum per g before processing and 52 per g after processing) became toxic if formulated with 120 mug of nitrite per g of meat or less. Toxin was not detected in bacon formulated with 170 or 340 mug of nitrite per g of meat under these same conditions. Toxin was detected at all formulated nitrite levels in bacon inoculated via the pickle with 19,000 C. botulinum per g (4,300 per g after processing) and in samples inoculated after slicing. However, increased levels of formulated nitrite decreased the probability of botulinal toxin formation in bacon inoculated by both methods.
Ballooning instability preventing the H-mode access in plasmas with negative triangularity shape on the DIII–D tokamak (2021)

Abstract Infinite toroidal mode number ( n = ∞) ballooning mode analysis of negative triangularity discharges on DIII–D shows that the access to 2 nd stability becomes strongly restricted when the top triangularity decreases even modestly from −0.18 to −0.36. This is observed in experiment to coincide with the suppression of the L–H-transition. Further theoretical analysis with ballooning mode limited pedestals shows that the threshold for opening the 2 nd stability access rises from a pedestal temperature of 0.3–1 keV when the top triangularity is decreased from −0.18 to −0.36 indicating that to access the 2 nd stability with the more negative triangular shape would require unrealistically high pedestal temperature. The pedestal predicted by the EPED code agrees with the experimental H-mode profile for the negative triangularity case but in contrast to positive triangular shapes the prediction shows no increase in pedestal height with increasing core pressure when triangularity is negative. This work provides a first model to predict when negative triangularity plasmas can be expected to access the H-mode.
CTLA4Ig inhibits T cell–dependent B-cell maturation in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (2000)

Long-term administration of CTLA4Ig prevents the onset of disease in systemic lupus erythematosus-prone (SLE-prone) NZB/NZW F1 mice. To determine the mechanism of this effect, we engineered an adenovirus that expresses murine CTLA4Ig. Administration of a single high dose of this virus results in long-term expression of CTLA4Ig in the serum and absence of an immune response to the adenoviral vector. We administered Ad-CTLA4Ig to 19- to 22-week-old NZB/NZW F1 mice and evaluated the effect on anti-DNA antibody-producing B cells. We show that CTLA4Ig has a beneficial effect on murine SLE for as long as it is present in the serum. This effect is associated with decreased expansion of both the IgM and IgG autoreactive B-cell population, inhibition of immunoglobulin class switching, decreased frequency and altered pattern of somatic mutation, and a marked decrease in the numbers of activated CD4-positive T cells. In contrast, intrinsic B-cell hyperreactivity and the survival of plasma cells in the bone marrow, both of which are less dependent on T-cell help, appear to be unaffected by CTLA4Ig. High-dose CTLA4Ig did not induce permanent tolerance in this autoimmune disease model. Furthermore, although the mice survived in a conventional housing facility, treatment with Ad-CTLA4Ig was immunosuppressive.
Optimization of Organ Conductivity for the Forward Problem of Electrocardiography (2016)

This study presents an empirical approach to optimize conductivities within a torso model given simultaneous epicardial and body surface potential recordings. The conductivities of the lungs, skeletal muscle and torso cavity were estimated within a forward model by minimizing the relative error between computed and reference torso potentials using a standard gradientbased approach. The sensitivity of this approach was evaluated over different levels of geometric error and signal noise, and the gradient of the cost function was determined using both 1) finite differences and 2) an adjoint method.
Comment on “Minimization of maximum failure criterion of laminated composite shell structure by optimizing distributed-material orientation” by Shimoda M., Muramatsu Y., Tsukihara R. (2020)

Abstract The new “modified Tsai-Hill failure criterion” introduced in Shimoda et al. ( SAMO , 2020) does not possess a convex fracture envelope for all possible set of its coefficients. An extended version of the “modified Tsai-Hill failure criterion” is introduced. The extended version encompasses several known failure criterions for the anisotropic materials. The convexity of the fracture envelope for composite materials and metallic alloys is briefly discussed. Albeit the convexity of the failure envelope is not necessary from the physical viewpoint, the convexity is favorable for the application of optimization methods.
Kinetics of Ferrous Iron Oxidation by Leptospirillum Bacteria in Continuous Cultures (1998)

The oxidation of ferrous iron by Leptospirillum bacteria was studied in a continuous culture in the dilution rate range 0.009-0.077 h-1 and could be described with a rate equation for competitive ferric iron inhibition kinetics in terms of the ferric/ferrous iron ratio in the solution. The ferrous iron oxidation in the continuous culture was followed by means of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration analyses in reference air and off-gas. From these measurements the oxygen consumption rate, rO2, the carbon dioxide consumption rate, rCO2, the biomass concentration, Cx, and the biomass specific oxygen consumption rate, qO2, in the culture were determined. The ferrous iron concentration in the culture was below accurate levels to determine with the usual titrimetric method and was therefore derived from measuring the solution redox potential. The degree of reduction balance was used to check the theoretically expected relation between the rates of ferrous iron, -rFe2+, oxygen, -rO2, and biomass, rx. The maximum biomass yield and maintenance coefficient on oxygen are Yoxmax = 0.047 mol of C/mol of O2 and mo = 0.057 mol of O2/(mol of C.h). The maximum specific oxygen consumption rate, qO2,max = 1.7 mol of O2/(mol of C.h), the affinity coefficient, Ks/Ki = 0.0005 mol of Fe2+/mol of Fe3+, and the maximum specific growth rate, micromax = 0.069 h-1, Ks/Ki = 0.0004, were fitted from the measured data. For several dilution rates, off-line respiratory measurements with cell suspension from the continuous culture were carried out in dynamic BOM-Eh measurements. The dissolved oxygen and redox potential were measured simultaneously and monitored. The measured value of qO2,max varied between 2.3 and 1.7 mol/(mol of C.h). The value of Ks/Ki = 0.0007 was equal in all experiments. The measured values of qO2 in the continuous culture were well described with the kinetics determined in dynamic BOM-Eh measurements. It was concluded that dynamic BOM-Eh measurements are a convenient method to determine the kinetics of continuous culture grown Leptospirillum bacteria.
Etude du couple dans les machines synchrones.Où sont les champs tournants ? (2009)

Dans cet article, nous proposons d'étudier les machines synchrones au travers d'exercices. Dans une première partie, nous présentons une méthode de calcul du couple électromagnétique utilisée dans les laboratoires de recherche, à savoir : le tenseur de Maxwell. Pour le calcul du couple avec cette méthode, il est nécessaire de détermi-ner les composantes spatiales de la composante normale de l'induction et de la composante tangentielle du champ magnétique dans la zone d'entrefer. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons un logiciel libre de calcul par éléments finis : “femm”. Après avoir présenté les outils, nous présentons la machine synchrone à aimants permanents déposés (collés) en surface du rotor. Les premiers exercices proposés permettent de quantifier le rôle de l'inducteur au travers de la composante normale de l'induction et ainsi le cas de la machine synchrone triphasée à excitation bobinée à pôles lisses est abordé. Les derniers exercices proposés vont permettre de “réaliser” des machines synchrones plus ésotériques dites à pôles fractionnaires.