gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Managing IFC for civil engineering projects (2003)

The "Industrial Foundation Classes" (IFC) are an ISO norm to define all components of a building in a civil engineering project. IFC files are textual files whose size can reach 100 megabytes. Several IFC files can coexist on the same civil engineering project. Due to their size, their handling and sharing is a complex task. In this paper, we present an approach to automatically identify business objects in the IFC files and simplify their visualization and manipulation on the Internet. We construct an IFC Viewer which transforms the IFC file into a XML IFC tree manipulated through the 3D visualization of the building. The IFC Viewer composed a web-based platform called ACTIVe3D BUILD SERVER. This platform lets geographically dispersed project participants-from architects to electricians-directly use and exchange project documents in a centralized virtual environment during the life cycle of a civil engineering project.
Weak boundary anchoring, twisted nematic effect, and homeotropic to twisted-planar transition (2002)

Expansion analysis shows that in second order, the weak boundary coupling of nematic liquid crystals should be depicted by two anchoring coefficients and an orthonormal vector triplet. Using this binomial anchoring energy, we have derived the analytical expression of the threshold and saturation properties of the twisted nematic effect and the homeotropic to twisted-planar transition. Our results prove clearly that these two quite different transitions are reverse effects of each other.
Vaccines for Chlamydia trachomatis infections. (2002)

Members of the genus, Chlamydia, are obligate intracellular bacteria that have a unique developmental cycle. These organisms are widespread in nature and are common human pathogens. In this review, we describe new data related to the characterization of acquired immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis that is relevant to vaccine development. We also discuss recent work on vaccine candidates against this ubiquitous pathogen.
Marfan syndrome with neonatal progeroid syndrome‐like lipodystrophy associated with a novel frameshift mutation at the 3′ terminus of the FBN1‐gene (2010)

We report on a 25-year-old woman with pronounced generalized lipodystrophy and a progeroid aspect since birth, who also had Marfan syndrome (MFS; fulfilling the Ghent criteria) with mild skeletal features, dilated aortic bulb, dural ectasia, bilateral subluxation of the lens, and severe myopia in addition to the severe generalized lipodystrophy. She lacked insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, and diabetes. Mutation analysis in the gene encoding fibrillin 1 (FBN1) revealed a novel de novo heterozygous deletion, c.8155_8156del2 in exon 64. The severe generalized lipodystrophy in this patient with progeroid features has not previously been described in other patients with MFS and FBN1 mutations. We did not find a mutation in genes known to be associated with congenital lipodystrophy (APGAT2, BSCL2, CAV1, PTRF-CAVIN, PPARG, LMNB2) or with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (ZMPSTE24, LMNA/C). Other progeria syndromes were considered unlikely because premature greying, hypogonadism, and scleroderma-like skin disease were not present. Our patient shows striking similarity to two patients who have been published in this journal by O'Neill et al. [O'Neill et al. (2007); Am J Med Genet Part A 143A:1421-1430] with the diagnosis of neonatal progeroid syndrome (NPS). This condition also known as Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by accelerated aging and lipodystrophy from birth, poor postnatal weight gain, and characteristic facial features. The course is usually progressive with early lethality. However this entity seems heterogeneous. We suggest that our patient and the two similar cases described before represent a new entity, a subgroup of MFS with overlapping features to NPS syndrome.
Sleeping Beauty awakens! (2006)

Comment on Huang et al, page [483][1] 

In this issue of Blood, Huang and colleagues demonstrate that the gene therapy vector system derived from the transposon system ( Sleeping Beauty ) can mediate stable gene transfer into unactivated primary human T lymphocytes. 

Gene delivery to peripheral
Single-Shot Decoding of Linear Rate LDPC Quantum Codes With High Performance (2021)

We construct and analyze a family of low-density parity check (LDPC) quantum codes with a linear encoding rate, distance scaling as <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n^\epsilon $ </tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\epsilon &gt; 0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and efficient decoding schemes. The code family is based on tessellations of closed, four-dimensional, hyperbolic manifolds, as first suggested by Guth and Lubotzky. The main contribution of this work is the construction of suitable manifolds via finite presentations of Coxeter groups, their linear representations over Galois fields and topological coverings. We establish a lower bound on the encoding rate <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k/n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$13/72 = 0.180\ldots $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and we show that the bound is tight for the examples that we construct. Numerical simulations give evidence that parallelizable decoding schemes of low computational complexity suffice to obtain high performance. These decoding schemes can deal with syndrome noise, so that parity check measurements do not have to be repeated to decode. Our data is consistent with a threshold of around 4% in the phenomenological noise model with syndrome noise in the single-shot regime.
Relationship between bone mass acquisition and health practices, among kindergarten students (2013)

Health practices in puberty are formed during infancy. There are few reports on bone mass acquisition during infancy, and there is little consensus on the relationship between Osteo Sono-assessment Index (OSI) and other factors.In this study, we measured the height, weight, body fat percentage, foot size, and OSI of kindergarten-age children and administered a questionnaire survey. We studied 280 children (165 boys ; 115 girls) for whom consecutive data for 2 years were available. Factors that affect bone mass acquisition such as diet, exercise, and sleep were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for growth factors.Factors that increased the OSI in boys included “sport lessons”, “under 10 hours of sleep”, and “going to bed before 10 pm”. Factors that increased the OSI in girls included “exercise”, “under 10 hours of sleep”, and “going to bed before 10 pm”. The average sleep duration was 9 hours 20 minutes.Based on these findings, we recommend that sports and exercise become an important part of the health education of boys and girls, respectively. Further, a sleep duration of under 10 hours and a bedtime earlier than 10 pm should be encouraged in both boys and girls.
Are Mobile Payments the Smart Cards of the Aughts (2007)

This article compares the much anticipated but ultimately stalled smart card revolution of the 1990s with the current expansion of mobile payment platforms, and asks how mobile payments fit into the larger payment system.
Element-specific magnetic properties of Co2MnSi thin films (2005)

Co 2 MnSi thin films were grown on Al2O3 (a plane) and GaAs (001) substrates and on thin silicon nitride windows using pulsed laser deposition. Angle-dependent magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements reveal both a uniaxial and a fourfold magnetocrystalline anisotropy for films grown on GaAs (001). X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra were measured at the L2,3 edges of the thin films as a function of aluminum cap layer thickness, and transmission mode L2,3 x-ray absorption through a 1000-Å Co2MnSi film grown on a silicon nitride membrane were measured, indicating that deviations from metalliclike spectra are likely due oxidation or contamination. Element-specific moments for Co and Mn were calculated from the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism data of a nonoxidized film.
In Vitro Synergistic Action of Geldanamycin- and Docetaxel-Containing HPMA Copolymer-RGDfK Conjugates Against Ovarian Cancer (2014)

HPMA copolymer-RGDfK (HPMA-RGDfK) conjugates bearing either aminohexylgeldanamycin (AHGDM) or docetaxel (DOC) were synthesized and characterized. In vitro stability and binding were evaluated. Cytotoxicity toward ovarian cancer cells was evaluated and the ability of the conjugates to induce cell death was assessed by combination index analysis. Conjugates bearing AHGDM were more stable and exhibited slower drug release than those bearing DOC. Both conjugates demonstrated the ability to bind to avb3 integrins. In combination, HPMA-RGDfK conjugates demonstrated marked synergism as compared to their non-targeted counterparts and free drug controls. HPMA-RGDfK conjugates bearing AHGDM and DOC induce synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro, suggesting their potential as a promising combination therapy.
Heterogeneity and its Influence on the Properties of Difunctional Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels: Structure and Mechanics (2015)

Difunctional polymer hydrogels, such as those prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) macromers, are widely used for a number of potential applications in biotechnology and advanced materials due to their low cost, mild cross-linking conditions, and biocompatibility. The microstructure of such hydrogels is known to be heterogeneous, yet little is known about the specific structure itself, how it is impacted by the molecular parameters of the macromer, or its impact on macroscopic gel properties. Here, we determine the structure of PEGDA hydrogels using small-angle neutron scattering over a significant range of macromer molecular weights and volume fractions. From this, we propose a structural model for PEGDA hydrogels based on self-excluded, highly branched star polymers arranged into a fractal network. The primary implication of this structure is that heterogeneity arises not from defects in the cross-linking network, as is commonly assumed, but rather from a heterogeneous distribution of polymer concentration. This structural model provides a systematic explanation of the linear elasticity and swelling of PEGDA hydrogels.
Leptin and the adrenal glandEuropean Journal of Clinical Investigation 2000;30(Suppl. 3): 39–45 (2001)

The authors wish to rectify a sentence on page 39 in the results section of the abstract. The correct sentence should read as follows: Leptin did not significantly affect the expression of cytochrome P450 scc mRNA in humans, but decreased the ACTH stimulated expression of the cytochrome P450 17alpha mRNA.
Predicting ethnicity and gender from iris texture (2011)

Previous researchers have reported success in predicting ethnicity and in predicting gender from features of the iris texture. This paper is the first to consider both problems using similar experimental approaches. Contributions of this work include greater accuracy than previous work on predicting ethnicity from iris texture, empirical evidence that suggests that gender prediction is harder than ethnicity prediction, and empirical evidence that ethnicity prediction is more difficult for females than for males.
Detection and molecular characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 in farmed mink ( Neovision vision ) in Poland (2020)

ABSTRACT SARS-CoV-2 is the aetiological agent of COVID-19 disease and has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. The virus has been shown to infect different animal species under experimental conditions. Also, minks have been found to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in fur farms in Europe and the USA. Here we investigated 91 individual minks from a farm located in Northern Poland. Using RT-PCR, antigen detection and NGS, we confirmed 15 animals positive for SARS-CoV-2. The result was verified by sequencing of full viral genomes, confirming SARS-CoV-2 infection in Polish mink. Country-scale monitoring conducted by veterinary inspection so far has not detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on other mink farms. Taking into consideration that Poland has a high level of positive diagnostic tests among its population, there is a high risk that more Polish mink farms become a source for SARS-CoV-2. Findings reported here and from other fur producing countries urge the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in animals bred in Polish fur farms.
The Interplay of Hydrogen Bonding and Multiple Metal Binding – A New Cyclic Polyaminopolyalcohol Ligand as Building Block for the Construction of Microporous, Supramolecular Networks (2011)

Abstract Cyclohexane‐based polyaminopolyalcohols (PAPAs) such as 1,3‐diamino‐1,2,3‐trideoxy‐ cis ‐inositol (daci) have been prepared by hydrogenation of suitable aromatic precursors. The pentanuclear complex [Cu 5 (daci) 4 (H –2 daci) 2 ](SO 4 ) 3 · 18H 2 O ( C3 ) revealed antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions between the Cu II centers with an S = 3/2 ground state. The microporous structure of C3 exhibited a dehydration/rehydration reaction with an entirely amorphous dehydrated phase at 150 °C and a completely reversible rehydration process at 30 °C. The potential of PAPA ligands for forming polynuclear complexes and supramolecular, hydrogen‐bonded networks is discussed.
Highlights from the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) on Board the Mars Science Laboratory: New Windows for Atmospheric Research on Mars (2014)

Upprättat; 2014; 20150629 (ninhul)
The accurate measurement of a micromechanical force using force-sensitive capacitances (1995)

A sensor for the precise and accurate measurement of micromechanical forces is presented. The sensor is based on the capacitive detection of force-induced deflection of a microstructure and integrated charge readout. The mechanical performance of the sensor is evaluated and verified with experiments. The structure has been designed to enable the separation of the force-to-deflection and deflection measurements in order to result in a sensor structure in which the response is linear with force and little affected by fringe fields. The sensor is 0.25 mm/sup 2/ in size and has a force range of 0.2 mN, a zero-force capacitance of 0.5 pF, a sensitivity of 1-5 fF//spl mu/N, and a resolution that corresponds to a capacitance variation of 2 fF.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Novel γ-Secretase Enzyme Modulators Directly Target Presenilin Protein (2011)

γ-Secretase is essential for the generation of the neurotoxic 42-amino acid amyloid β-peptide (Aβ(42)). The aggregation-prone hydrophobic peptide, which is deposited in Alzheimer disease (AD) patient brain, is generated from a C-terminal fragment of the β-amyloid precursor protein by an intramembrane cleavage of γ-secretase. Because Aβ(42) is widely believed to trigger AD pathogenesis, γ-secretase is a key AD drug target. Unlike inhibitors of the enzyme, γ-secretase modulators (GSMs) selectively lower Aβ(42) without interfering with the physiological function of γ-secretase. The molecular target(s) of GSMs and hence the mechanism of GSM action are not established. Here we demonstrate by using a biotinylated photocross-linkable derivative of highly potent novel second generation GSMs that γ-secretase is a direct target of GSMs. The GSM photoprobe specifically bound to the N-terminal fragment of presenilin, the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase, but not to other γ-secretase subunits. Binding was differentially competed by GSMs of diverse structural classes, indicating the existence of overlapping/multiple GSM binding sites or allosteric alteration of the photoprobe binding site. The β-amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragment previously implicated as the GSM binding site was not targeted by the compound. The identification of presenilin as the molecular target of GSMs directly establishes allosteric modulation of enzyme activity as a mechanism of GSM action and may contribute to the development of therapeutically active GSMs for the treatment of AD.
Antineoplastic activities of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-alkylaminopropiophenone derivatives in mice and in murine and human tissue culture cells. (1996)

A number of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-alkylaminopropiophenone derivatives were found to be potent antineoplastic agents in CF(I) mice by inhibiting the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma at 8 mg/kg/day and in vitro cytotoxic agents against murine and human cancer cell growth. Two analogs, beta-dimethylaminopropiophenone (1) and beta-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (3), were further tested for their in vitro effects on the metabolism of Tmolt3 cells. beta-Dimethylaminopropiophenone demonstrated potent reduction of DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, and the pool levels of the dNTPs. Enzyme activities, such as DNA polymerase a, ribonucleotide reductase, PRPP amidotransferase, and most significantly, dihydrofolate reductase, were reduced by the agents from 25 to 100 microM after 60 min.
Measurement of the Uncomplexed Fraction of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 in the Prognostic Evaluation of Primary Breast Cancer Patients* (2005)

Several studies have demonstrated an association between high tumor tissue levels of total tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and a poor prognosis of primary breast cancer patients. In the present study we investigated whether measurements of the uncomplexed fraction of TIMP-1 added prognostic information to that already obtained from total TIMP-1. We measured the uncomplexed fraction of TIMP-1, using a thoroughly validated ELISA specific for this fraction, in 341 tumor tissue extracts obtained from patients with primary breast cancer. These measurements were related to previously performed measurements of total TIMP-1 as well as to patient outcome. The observation time was 8.3 years (range, 7.3-11.3 years). During this period 136 patients died, and 153 patients experienced recurrence of disease. Cox regression analysis of recurrence-free survival (RFS) suggested that a score based on both uncomplexed and total TIMP-1, reflecting the tumor level of TIMP-1/MMP complexes, would be a more precise estimate of prognosis than total TIMP-1 alone. Univariate survival analysis showed a highly significant relationship between high values of the score and poor outcomes for RFS (p = 0.0002; hazard ratio = 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-4.8). Similar results were found for overall survival (p = 0.0001; hazard ratio = 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-6.3). Multivariate analysis of RFS and overall survival demonstrated that the score was significant including the classical prognostic factors used in breast cancer (p < 0.0001). The present study raises the hypothesis that it is the tumor level of TIMP-1/MMP complexes (i.e. activated matrix metalloproteinases) rather than TIMP-1 itself that determines prognosis, supporting the use of the combined score and not only total TIMP-1 in stratification of breast cancer patients.
Limitation of inductive power transfer for consumer applications (2009)

Inductive power transmission is proposed more and more also for consumer applications. In this work, limitations with respect to efficiency of the whole magnetic system are investigated. The power efficiency of a given structure is dependent on resonant matching and on the load impedance. First, the matching conditions for optimal power efficiency are derived. Then the achievable efficiency for inductive transmission structures with varying distance and size ratios are investigated. Recent publications on inductive power transmission are evaluated and discussed based on these results. As a conclusion, inductive power transmission in a larger space (e.g. a whole room) is very inefficient. On the other hand, inductive power transmission at a surface can be efficient as conventional power supplies. Based on this insight, an inductive power transmission pad has been designed and built, with the purpose to charge mobile devices like mobile phones. It can charge an arbitrary number of devices and allows free positioning of the devices on the pad. It consists of an array of planar transmitter coils and has a size of 20 cm x 26 cm. It can detect the position of a receiver and activates only the coils underneath a receiver.
Aldo-Keto Reductase Regulation by the Nrf2 System: Implications for Stress Response, Chemotherapy Drug Resistance, and Carcinogenesis (2016)

Human aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases that convert aldehydes and ketones to primary and secondary alcohols for subsequent conjugation reactions and can be referred to as "phase 1" enzymes. Among all the human genes regulated by the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, they are consistently the most overexpressed in response to Nrf2 activators. Although these enzymes play clear cytoprotective roles and deal effectively with carbonyl stress, their upregulation by the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway also has a potential dark-side, which can lead to chemotherapeutic drug resistance and the metabolic activation of lung carcinogens (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). They also play determinant roles in 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone metabolism to R- and S-4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol. The overexpression of AKR genes as components of the "smoking gene" battery raises the issue as to whether this is part of a smoking stress response or acquired susceptibility to lung cancer. Human AKR genes also regulate retinoid, prostaglandin, and steroid hormone metabolism and can regulate the local concentrations of ligands available for nuclear receptors (NRs). The prospect exists that signaling through the Keap1/Nrf2 system can also effect NR signaling, but this has remained largely unexplored. We present the case that chemoprevention through the Keap1/Nrf2 system may be context dependent and that the Nrf2 "dose-response curve" for electrophilic and redox balance may not be monotonic.