gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
``You Seem Aggressive!'' Monitoring Anger in a Practical Application (2012)

A monitoring system to detect emotional outbursts in day-to-day communication is presented. The anger monitor was tested in a household and in parallel in an office surrounding. Although the state of the art of emotion recognition seems sufficient for practical applications, the acquisition of good training material remains a difficult task, as cross database performance is too low to be used in this context. A solution will probably consist of the combination of carefully drafted general training databases and the development of usability concepts to (re-) train the monitor in the field.
Erratum: “Analytical solution of the almost-perfect-lens problem” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1290 (2004)] (2004)

Peer Reviewed
[Advanced glycation end products are involved in microvascular permeability changes observed in microcirculation of diabetic rats in vivo]. (2000)

Since chronic hyperglycemia leads to Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) formation, we were interested in its involvement in changes in microvascular permeability during diabetes.Intravital microscopy was used to study changes in microvascular permeability during diabetes. The extravasation of a fluorescent macromolecular tracer (FITC-Albumin) was measured for one hour and, after computer-aided image analysis, was expressed as variations of normalized grey levels (arbitrary units).The extravasation of the tracer was increased in diabetic rats. An intravenous bolus of s-RAGE (extracellular domain of the AGE receptor) inhibits dose-dependently this increase (fig. 1). The increase of the extravasation of the macromolecular tracer can be inhibited when s-RAGE are administered 1 and 3 hours before the experiment, but not when administered 1/4 hour and 12 hours before experiment (fig. 2). Administration of antibodies against AGE receptors also inhibits the increase of permeability observed in diabetic rats (fig. 3).AGE interaction with their receptor is responsible for an increase in microvascular permeability.
Reduction of cogging torque in permanent magnet motors (1988)

Cogging torque in a permanent magnet motor, which arises from the interaction of the rotor magnets with the steel teeth on the stator, can be reduced by skewing the stator teeth, but only at the expense of added complexity in stator construction and some loss of output torque. It is shown that by appropriate choice of the angular width of the magnet relative to the tooth-plus-slot dimension, the cogging torque can be reduced to about 1% of rated torque. A further reduction to about 0.3% resulted from a rotational shift of one pair of poles with respect to the other pair in a four-pole motor. The analysis of cogging torques with both surface mounted and inset magnet rotors as well as experimental confirmation are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Selective involvement of members of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family in the infection of Arabidopsis thaliana by potyviruses (2005)

Arabidopsis thaliana plants with mutations in the genes encoding eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF4E) or isoform of eIF4E (eIF(iso)4E) were tested for susceptibility to Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), a member of the genus Potyvirus. ClYVV accumulated in both inoculated and upper uninoculated leaves of mutant plants lacking eIF(iso)4E, but not in mutant plants lacking eIF4E. In contrast, Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), another member of the genus Potyvirus, multiplied in mutant plants lacking eIF4E but not in mutant plants lacking eIF(iso)4E. These results suggest the selective involvement of members of the eIF4E family in infection by potyviruses.
Isolation of a zinc α2-macroglobulin from human serum (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation of a zinc α2-macroglobulin from human serumAlfred F. Parisi and Bert L. ValleeCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 12, 2421–2426Publication Date (Print):June 9, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 9 June 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00814a005https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00814a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Progenitor Cells Identified by PDGFR-Alpha Expression in the Developing and Diseased Human Heart (2013)

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their tyrosine kinase receptors play instrumental roles in embryonic organogenesis and diseases of adult organs. In particular, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) is expressed by multipotent cardiovascular progenitors in mouse and human embryonic stem cell systems. Although cardiac PDGFRα expression has been studied in multiple species, little is known about its expression in the human heart. Using immunofluorescence, we analyzed PDGFRα expression in both human fetal and diseased adult hearts, finding strong expression in the interstitial cells of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium, as well as the coronary smooth muscle. Only rare endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes expressed PDGFRα. This pattern was consistent for both the fetal and adult diseased hearts, although more PDGFRα+ cardiomyocytes were noted in the latter. In vitro differentiation assays were then performed on the PDGFRα+ cell fraction isolated from the cardiomyocyte-depleted human fetal hearts. Protocols previously reported to direct differentiation to a cardiomyocyte (5-azacytidine), smooth muscle (PDGF-BB), or endothelial cell fates (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) were used. Although no significant cardiomyocyte differentiation was observed, PDGFRα+ cells generated significant numbers of smooth muscle cells (smooth muscle-α-actin+ and smooth muscle myosin+) and endothelial cells (CD31+). These data suggest that a subfraction of the cardiac PDGFRα+ populations are progenitors contributing predominantly to the vascular and mesenchymal compartments of the human heart. It may be possible to control the fate of these progenitors to promote vascularization or limit fibrosis in the injured heart.
An ion gate membrane: electrochemical control of ion permeability through a membrane with an embedded electrode (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn ion gate membrane: electrochemical control of ion permeability through a membrane with an embedded electrodePaul Burgmayer and Royce W. MurrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 22, 6139–6140Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00386a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00386a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views661Altmetric-Citations186LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On interpolation and approximation by bivariate quintic splines with boundary conditions (2009)

In this paper, a class of interpolation and approximation on type-2 triangulations by bivariate quintic splines with boundary conditions is discussed. The existence and uniqueness of interpolation problem is proved and the optimal approximation order is obtained.
SPR Imaging Measurements of 1-D and 2-D DNA Microarrays Created from Microfluidic Channels on Gold Thin Films (2001)

Microfluidic channels fabricated from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are employed in surface plasmon resonance imaging experiments for the detection of DNA and RNA adsorption onto chemically modified gold surfaces. The PDMS microchannels are used to (i) fabricate "1-D" single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) line arrays that are used in SPR imaging experiments of oligonucleotide hybridization adsorption and (ii) create "2-D" DNA hybridization arrays in which a second set of PDMS microchannels are placed perpendicular to a 1-D line array in order to deliver target oligonucleotide solutions. In the 1-D line array experiments, the total sample volume is 500 microL; in the 2-D DNA array experiments, this volume is reduced to 1 microL. As a demonstration of the utility of these microfluidic arrays, a 2-D DNA array is used to detect a 20-fmol sample of in vitro transcribed RNA from the uidA gene of a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant. It is also shown that this array fabrication method can be used for fluorescence measurements on chemically modified gold surfaces.
Two novel WD40 domain–containing proteins, Ere1 and Ere2, function in the retromer-mediated endosomal recycling pathway (2011)

Regulated secretion, nutrient uptake, and responses to extracellular signals depend on cell-surface proteins that are internalized and recycled back to the plasma membrane. However, the underlying mechanisms that govern membrane protein recycling to the cell surface are not fully known. Using a chemical-genetic screen in yeast, we show that the arginine transporter Can1 is recycled back to the cell surface via two independent pathways mediated by the sorting nexins Snx4/41/42 and the retromer complex, respectively. In addition, we identify two novel WD40-domain endosomal recycling proteins, Ere1 and Ere2, that function in the retromer pathway. Ere1 is required for Can1 recycling via the retromer-mediated pathway, but it is not required for the transport of other retromer cargoes, such as Vps10 and Ftr1. Biochemical studies reveal that Ere1 physically interacts with internalized Can1. Ere2 is present in a complex containing Ere1 on endosomes and functions as a regulator of Ere1. Taken together, our results suggest that Snx4/41/42 and the retromer comprise two independent pathways for the recycling of internalized cell-surface proteins. Moreover, a complex containing the two novel proteins Ere1 and Ere2 mediates cargo-specific recognition by the retromer pathway.
Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana SufE2 and SufE3. Functions in chloroplast iron-sulfur cluster assembly and NAD synthesis. (2009)

VOLUME 282 (2007) PAGES 18254–18264 Throughout the article, “SALK-075260” should read “SALK-079205.”
Emission Saving Potentials from Transition to Natural Gas Usage: A view from Four Major Emitters (2017)

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the energy sector accounts for approximately two-thirds of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (IEA, 2014). Although there is a growing interest in renewable energy technologies, fossil fuels still contribute 80% of total primary energy demand, and around 90% of energy-related emissions come from fossil-fuel combustion (IEA, 2014). Here, we present a regional assessment for potential CO2 emission savings based on the aggregate contributions from individual countries within the same region. The analysis is restricted to the Middle East region, as it has four of the world's largest oil and natural gas exporters, and holds a large bulk of fossil fuel reserves. Analysis shows that there is a strong correlation between high Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission levels and resource-rich countries, which are considered "major emitters". Accordingly, we present a stabilization strategy under "business-as-usual" (BAU) projections through greater use of natural gas in the energy mix. Results highlight that the greatest potentials for emission reduction are tied to the contributions of four main countries, namely, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Transition to lower carbon resources such as natural gas will certainly yield greater emissions reduction, yet the contribution of this work is mainly directed towards highlighting the role of individual countries in emission reduction relative to the Middle East's 450-emission goal. In addition, typologies presented in the paper are useful as a first step towards a better understanding of policy development and energy management on a regional level.
Formation of metal vacancy arrays in coalesced WS 2 monolayer films (2020)

Abstract Defects have a profound impact on the electronic and physical properties of crystals. For two-dimensional (2D) materials, many intrinsic point defects have been reported, but much remains to be understood about their origin. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging, this study discovers various linear arrays of W-vacancy defects that are explained in the context of the crystal growth of coalesced, monolayer WS 2 . Atomistic-scale simulations show that vacancy arrays can result from steric hindrance of bulky gas-phase precursors at narrowly separated growth edges, and that increasing the edge separation leads to various intact and defective growth modes, which are driven by competition between the catalytic effects of the sapphire substrate and neighboring growth edge. Therefore, we hypothesize that the arrays result from combined growth modes, which directly result from film coalescence. The connections drawn here will guide future synthetic and processing strategies to harness the engineering potential of defects in 2D monolayers.
Investigating the Optical Properties of a Novel 3D Self-Assembled Metamaterial made of Carbon Intercalated with Bimetal Nanoparticles (2018)

We investigate the optical properties of a self-assembled three-dimensional metamaterial consisting of novel carbon allotrope intercalated with gold-silver alloy nanoparticles. For our experimental study we use a microscopic Müller matrix measurement technique. The metamaterial exhibits strong linear birefringence in the visible spectral range as a direct consequence of the crystal structure of the carbon matrix, holding an immense potential for future applications.
Search systems can alleviate the need to organize personal information by helping us find it no matter where we encountered it, what we remember about it, and even if we forget it exists. Searching to Eliminate Personal Information Management (2006)

Delia wants to set up a lunch meeting at a restaurant her brother had recommended last week in an email message. She should be able to find the address using one of several organizational schemes she has developed to help her manage the vast quantity of paper and electronic information she receives every day. She knows she copied information about the restaurant into her address book, but she’s not sure of the restaurant’s name, making it difficult to look it up directly. She’s not sure whether she filed the message in a folder relating to the main topic of her brother’s email message or left
Chemoselective Polymerization of Epoxides from Carboxylic Acids: Direct Access to Esterified Polyethers and Biodegradable Polyurethanes (2019)

Carboxylic-acid-initiated ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of epoxides is a fast approach to esterified polyethers which are cleavable at the termini or centers. A major challenge lies in conventional ROP methods because of the lability of ester groups formed in the initiation step. Here, we describe chemoselective ROP of epoxides from aliphatic, aromatic, and methacrylic carboxylic acids using two-component metal-free catalysts. Transesterification is clearly absent so that well-defined α-(carboxylic ester)-ω-hydroxy polyethers are generated in one step from monocarboxylic acids. The livingness of the ROP is verified despite the slow initiation mode. The ester end group can be readily cleaved from the polyether hydrolytically. An α,ω-dihydroxy poly(propylene oxide) with two central ester groups is generated from a diacid initiator and transformed <i>in situ</i> by the same catalyst to polyurethane which shows distinct enzymatic degradability. This study provides convenient access to α,ω-heterobifunctional polyethers with cleavable, releasable, or modifiable end groups and to biodegradable polyether-based materials.
Catalytic Kinetic Resolution Reaction of (±)-5-Methylbicyclo[3.3.0]oct-1-ene-3,6-dione (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTCatalytic Kinetic Resolution Reaction of (±)-5-Methylbicyclo[3.3.0]oct-1-ene-3,6-dioneEita Emori, Takehiko Iida, and Masakatsu ShibasakiView Author Information Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 14, 5318–5320Publication Date (Web):July 9, 1999Publication History Received22 March 1999Published online9 July 1999Published inissue 1 July 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9904922https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9904922brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Kinetic resolution,Molecular structure,Thiols Get e-Alerts
Measuring wave height and direction using upward-looking ADCPs (2002)

The authors present wave directional spectra obtained using a conventional broadband acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and compare their observations with data collected using the Field Research Facility's pressure gauge array at Duck North Carolina. Spectral computations are based on the maximum likelihood method. Comparisons include frequency-height spectra, directional spectra and computed parameters including significant height, peak period and peak direction. The authors conclude that the ADCP data compare well with the observations by the pressure gauge array.
Central role of RAGE-dependent neointimal expansion in arterial restenosis (2003)

Cellular proliferation, migration, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins and MMPs contribute to neointimal formation upon vascular injury. Wild-type mice undergoing arterial endothelial denudation displayed striking upregulation of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the injured vessel, particularly in activated smooth muscle cells of the expanding neointima. In parallel, two of RAGE’s signal transducing ligands, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and S100/calgranulins, demonstrated increased deposition/expression in the injured vessel wall. Blockade of RAGE, employing soluble truncated receptor or antibodies, or in homozygous RAGE null mice, resulted in significantly decreased neointimal expansion after arterial injury and decreased smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins. A critical role for smooth muscle cell RAGE signaling was demonstrated in mice bearing a transgene encoding a RAGE cytosolic tail-deletion mutant, specifically in smooth muscle cells, driven by the SM22α promoter. Upon arterial injury, neointimal expansion was strikingly suppressed compared with that observed in wild-type littermates. Taken together, these data highlight key roles for RAGE in modulating smooth muscle cell properties after injury and suggest that RAGE is a logical target for suppression of untoward neointimal expansion consequent to arterial injury.
A Literature Study on the Effects of Cyclic Lateral Loading of Monopiles in Cohesionless Soils (2013)

Today, monopiles are the most typical foundation for offshore wind turbines. During their lifetime large diameter, stiff piles are subjected to millions of small cyclic loads due to environmental forces. The long-term cyclic loading can change the granular structure of the soil surrounding the pile. This may change the stiffness of the soil-pile system and create an accumulated rotation of the pile. The behaviour of the soil-pile system is very complex and the influence of soil parameters, number of load cycles, and size, amplitude and characteristic of the load are examined, as they all contribute to the rotation an the change in stiffness. The scope of this article is to outline current design methods and the state of the art knowledge within the subject of long-term cyclic, lateral loading of piles.
Prevention of solidification cracking by use of a diode laser superposition in pulsed laser beam welding (2019)

This paper investigates laser welding of AA 6082 by superimposing a pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a continuous wave diode laser in order to reduce the hot-cracking susceptibility. Conventional pulsed laser welds exhibit severe solidification cracking on the application of a conventional rectangular laser pulse shape. Through the superposition of a Nd:YAG and diode laser beam crack-free welds can be realized without the use of an additional filler material in the case of sheet thickness of 0.5 mm. The diode laser beam simultaneously heats the base metal and weld metal during the melt-pool solidification and compensates solidification shrinkage and thermal contraction. Furthermore, the superimposed diode laser reduces the cooling rate during the melt-pool solidification. Hot-cracking can be eliminated by using an additional diode laser with a low output power of approximately 300W. A major impact of the diode laser superposition on the hot-crack suppression is expected to be achieved by reducing the solidification rate during the melt-pool solidification. These thermal changes result in coarser microstructure and therefore enable the easier feeding of liquid into the interdendritic cavities.