gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GEN04-5: Data-Dependent Noise Estimation in Digital Recording Systems (2006)

In high-density recording systems performance is largely determined by noise, n general different noise sources are present, where each source has direct impact on the overall performance. Therefore the characterization of a noise source provides insightful information about the recording system. In general noise characterization involves the choice of an appropriate stochastic model for it and furthermore the estimation of the parameters of the selected stochastic model. The characterization results can be used as diagnostic information to evaluate existing recording systems and they play an important role in state of the art bit-detection techniques. In these techniques the estimated stochastic parameters are used as side information to improve the detection reliability. For this reason an accurate estimation is very important. The estimation algorithm proposed in this paper, achieves a high estimation accuracy for systems where both data-dependent media noise and correlated additive noise are present. This algorithm makes use of the difference in data-dependency between the two noise sources to jointly estimate the stochastic parameters of the two noise sources.
First reflections (2003)

Abstract To begin at the beginning. The basics. Exactly 159 years ago in 1843 on this very day of 18 May, in the Church of St Andrew and St George across the street out there, there took place the most significant event in Scottish religious and political affairs between the Union of the Parliaments in 1707 and the opening of the new devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999. Margaret Oliphant gave the following account of this event in her biography of Thomas Chalmers: The Assembly met in the midst of an atmosphere surcharged with the highest excitement. By four o'clock in the morning eager spectators had begun to fill the church in which its deliberations were held and the streets were crowded with a surging mass of people. … In St Andrews Church all was expectation as the music of the approaching procession, escorting the Lord High Commissioner was heard. That functionary came in, in his little state, and the church filled with the black-coated mass of the clergy, while the multitude outside thronged to the very steps impatient for the event.
A new technique for device compatible anodic oxidation of GaAs (1978)

A simple and effective new technique has been demonstrated which improves markedly the chemical and electrical properties of heat-treated anodic oxide films on GaAs. This technique should facilitate the use of anodic oxides in innovative GaAs devices.
Differences and Similarities between Culture-Confirmed Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis and Early Lyme Disease (2013)

Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of certain Ixodes ticks, which can also transmit Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the cause of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Although culture can be used to identify patients infected with A. phagocytophilum and is the microbiologic gold standard, few studies have evaluated culture-confirmed patients with HGA. We conducted a prospective study in which blood culture was used to detect HGA infection in patients with a compatible clinical illness. Early Lyme disease was defined by the presence of erythema migrans. The epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory features of 44 patients with culture-confirmed HGA were compared with those of a convenience sample of 62 patients with early Lyme disease. Coinfected patients were excluded. Patients with HGA had more symptoms (P = 0.003) and had a higher body temperature on presentation (P < 0.001) than patients with early Lyme disease. HGA patients were also more likely to have a headache, dizziness, myalgias, abdominal pain, anorexia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, or elevated liver enzymes. A direct correlation between the number of symptoms and the duration of illness at time of presentation (rho = 0.389, P = 0.009) was observed for HGA patients but not for patients with Lyme disease. In conclusion, although there are overlapping features, culture-confirmed HGA is a more severe illness than early Lyme disease.
Saffron Supplement Maintains Morphology and Function after Exposure to Damaging Light in Mammalian Retina (2008)

These results show that saffron may protect photoreceptors from retinal stress, maintaining both morphology and function and probably acting as a regulator of programmed cell death.
Bias in density estimations using strip transects in dry open-country environments in the Canary Islands (2008)

We studied bias in density estimations derived from strip transects in dry open-country in the Canary Islands. We also present some critical remarks on García-del-Rey’s (2005) paper regarding strip transects and the validity of comparisons based on population densities of birds in scrublands on Tenerife island using two different methods: territory mapping and strip transect sampling. Although strip transects with census belts of 25 m do not account for detectability, this method only slightly undervalues true density estimates, and allowed to detect more than 85% of birds present in poorly vegetated environments in the Canary Islands. Previously published works on distribution and abundance of terrestrial birds in the Canary Islands using the strip transect sampling with belts of 25 m on both sides of the observer, thus provide reliable information that only slightly underestimates true densities.
Magnetically Levitated Slice Motors (2011)

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of different concepts of magnetically levitated slice motors with ring-shaped rotors that differ in their construction and the way the bearing forces and drive torque are created. After a general classification of magnetic bearings and the description of the technical principle of the topologies, the design constraints for a fair topology comparison are specified. Mechanical, magnetic, electrical, and thermal design considerations are discussed and supported by 3-D finite-element method simulations. Four promising motor topologies are compared qualitatively and quantitatively by different criteria, such as acceleration behavior, compactness, bearing stability, and complexity of the control. The comparative evaluation is supported by performance measurements on laboratory prototypes.
Tooth contour method implementation for the flux-switching PM machines (2010)

Flux-switching machines are attracting interest among researchers over the last decade due to the increased importance of energy efficient systems. Among this class of machines, the rotary flux-switching PM machines (FSPM) with high power density are mostly analyzed by magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) and finite element methods (FEM). In addition to those analysis techniques, this paper introduces the implementation of the tooth contour method (TCM) for the first time for a rotary FSPM. During the modeling phase, many points are revealed which are essential for the electromagnetic behavior of this unconventional machine.
Compact holographic memory using E - O beam steering (2002)

Abstract – – An innovative holographic memory system has been developed at JPL for high-density and high-speed data storage in a space environment. This system utilizes a newly developed electro-optic (E-O) beam steering technology for beam steering to enable high-speed random access memory read/write without moving parts. A compact CD-sized holographic memory breadboard was built and demonstrated for holographic data storage and retrieval. Details regarding technical progress is presented in this paper.
In vitro testing of silver-containing spacer in periprosthetic infection management (2021)

Abstract Deep infection is a serious complication in endoprosthetic surgery. In correlation to the patient local or systemic compromising factors conservative and surgical proceedings has to be evaluated. Systemic antibiotic therapy is the gold standard in infection management. Implanted silver-coated or silver-containing medical devices have been proven to their antimicrobial effectiveness since the 1990s by several investigators. The outcomes showed that long time implantation could cause damaging of the surrounding tissues, especially of adjacent nerves. The aim of our study was to evaluate the release of silver (I) ions from bone cement mixed with either nanosilver particles (AgNPs), different concentrations of silver sulfate (Ag2SO4) or from pure metallic silver strips. Therefore, we choose two methods: the first, called “static model”, was chosen to evaluate the maximal accumulative concentration of silver (I) ions, with the second, called “dynamic model”, we simulated a continuous reduction of the ions. In an additional test design, the different materials were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using an agar gel diffusion assay. The outcome showed that neither the addition of 1% (w/w) nanosilver nor 0.1% silver sulfate (w/w) to polymethylmethacrylat bone cement has the ability to release silver (I) ions in a bactericidal/antifungal concentration. However, the results also showed that the addition of 0.5% (w/w) and 1% (w/w) silver sulfate (Ag2SO4) to bone cement is an effective amount of silver for use as a temporary spacer.
Contact lens physical properties and lipid deposition in a novel characterized artificial tear solution. (2011)

This paper describes a novel complex artificial tear solution specially designed for in-vial incubation of contact lens materials. This solution was stable and did not adversely affect the physical parameters of the soft contact lenses incubated within it and showed that lipid deposition was responsive to changes in ATS composition.
Analysis of non‐enzymatically glycated peptides: neutral‐loss‐triggered MS 3 versus multi‐stage activation tandem mass spectrometry (2008)

Non-enzymatic glycation of tissue proteins has important implications in the development of complications of diabetes mellitus. While electron transfer dissociation (ETD) has been shown to outperform collision-induced dissociation (CID) in sequencing glycated peptides by tandem mass spectrometry, ETD instrumentation is not yet widely available and often suffers from significantly lower sensitivity than CID. In this study, we evaluated different advanced CID techniques (i.e., neutral-loss-triggered MS(3) and multi-stage activation) during liquid chromatography/multi-stage mass spectrometric (LC/MS(n)) analyses of Amadori-modified peptides enriched from human serum glycated in vitro. During neutral-loss-triggered MS(3) experiments, MS(3) scans triggered by neutral losses of 3 H(2)O or 3 H(2)O + HCHO produced similar results in terms of glycated peptide identifications. However, neutral losses of 3 H(2)O resulted in significantly more glycated peptide identifications during multi-stage activation experiments. Overall, the multi-stage activation approach produced more glycated peptide identifications, while the neutral-loss-triggered MS(3) approach resulted in much higher specificity. Both techniques are viable alternatives to ETD for identifying glycated peptides.
A polyamide support for oligonucleotide synthesis (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA polyamide support for oligonucleotide synthesisM. J. Gait and R. C. SheppardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 26, 8514–8516Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00442a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00442a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ratio of total traction force to projected cell area is preserved in differentiating adipocytes (2015)

During obesity development, preadipocytes proliferate and differentiate into new mature adipocytes, to increase the storage capacity of triglycerides. The morphology of the cells changes during differentiation from an elongated spindle-shape preadipocyte into a rounded, differentiated adipocyte. That change allows efficient packing of spheroidal (triglyceride) lipid droplets in the cells, also reducing their ability to proliferate and migrate. The change in preadipocyte morphology is well known. However, little is known about the dynamic mechanical interactions of the cells with their microenvironment, and specifically the forces applied by the cells during and following differentiation. In this study, we evaluated changes in the morphology concurrently with the magnitude and location of forces applied by the cells onto a compliant gel-substrate. We found that the elongated preadipocytes applied forces concentrated at the poles of the cell, yet during differentiation the forces become more uniformly distributed around the cell and mostly at its perimeter. Furthermore, we observed that the total traction force per cell area is preserved, remaining essentially unchanged between preadipocytes and differentiated cells 3-14 days post-differentiation. At differentiation times longer than 8 days we also observed an increasing subset of cells that indent the gels, as opposed to merely applying horizontal traction forces. Our work provides insights into the dynamic mechanobiology of the adipogenesis process.
Rational basis for the use of sleeping pills. (1982)

The diagnosis and treatment of insomnia is a major clinical issue. This is because the complaint of insomnia is highly prevalent and because the various clinical and laboratory manifestations of insomnia are complex. In addition, insomnia involves both day and night. This paper attempts to provide a rational framework for the evaluation of insomnia and the use of sleeping pills. Insomnia is defined and described with special attention to differentiating the subjective complaint and the laboratory assessment of objective sleep parameters. Specific disorders causing or associated with sleep disturbance and the complaint of insomnia are described, and some data bearing on relative prevalence of specific disorders are presented. Consideration of sleeping pills involves the evaluation of hypnotic efficacy as a property of the medication on the one hand and the practical clinical application on the other. Properties of different hypnotics are reviewed, including factors that affect the use of hypnotics in clinical practice. It is concluded that the rational use of sleeping pills demands a systematic approach to the evaluation of the individual patient and a specific attempt to formulate individual treatment goals together with a knowledgeable consideration of the specific chemotherapeutic agent to be utilized.
Pressure Ulcer Surveillance in Neurotrauma Patients at a Level One Trauma Centre in India (2015)

The Wound Care Surveillance Program has been a very effective strategy for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. Stage two ulcers were the most common in our setup. Braden scoring, traditionally used to screen these ulcers, can be used as a predictive and prognostic tool to predict healing of pressure ulcers. Poor healing is expected in higher staged ulcers and patients with spinal injury and major solid organ injury and those who need a tracheostomy. Home-based care is not up to mark in our society and accounts for most of the cases in the follow-up.
Low‐Temperature Synthesis of Oxides in Ionic Liquids: Ozone‐Mediated Formation of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Monitored by In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy (2019)

Abstract For most functional oxides, structure‐selective synthesis is the key for the task‐specific production of nanomaterials. Herein, the low‐temperature synthesis in ionic liquids (ILs) is an attractive strategy to produce nanomaterials which are not accessible otherwise is described. In this study, a bench‐scale synthesis route toward Co 3 O 4 by applying O 3 on the molecular precursor Co 2 (CO) 8 in IL medium is reported. The Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) are characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This protocol yields Co 3 O 4 with good crystallinity and narrow size distribution. In addition to conventional materials characterization, a new experimental approach is described in which the material synthesis in situ by IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) (in situ IRAS) is followed. The in situ approach provides additional information on the growth mechanisms and kinetics and confirms that O 3 treatment of Co 2 (CO) 8 in IL exclusively yields pure Co 3 O 4 without the formation of byproducts or intermediates.
Structure -- Medical Microbiology (1996)

Although we cannot clearly define the indications and establish normal pediatric ICP values from the result of this study because of the small number of cases and some other limitations, this is a new approach to define ICP increase as a potential indication for surgery in CS.
OP010 AlphaE integrin expression as a predictive biomarker for induction of clinical remission by etrolizumab: Analysis of a phase II trial in moderate-to-severely active ulcerative colitis (2014)

Abstracts of the 9 th Congress of ECCO the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation S7 (biventricular heart dysfunction and sepsis) that occurred between wks 54 and 104.Conclusions: These data continue to support a positive benefit/ risk profile for GLM in the treatment of moderate to severe UC; GLM treatment for up to 2 y maintained clinical benefit including a reduction in corticosteroid use.No new safety signals were observed with continued GLM treatment through wk 104; safety profile was similar to wk 54.
Controlled In Situ Nanocavitation in Polymeric Materials (2010)

A new strategy to reduce the volume shrinkage of photo-cross-linking polymeric materials using an in situ nanocavitation process has been developed. A small amount of the cavitation agent introduced to a model system effectively reduces volume shrinkage upon photopolymerization to essentially zero. The method shows promise for electronic, coating, and dental applications. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Region of Interest in Disparity Mapping for Navigation of Stereo Vision Autonomous Guided Vehicle (2009)

Stereo vision system is a practical method for depth gathering of objects and features in an environment. This paper presents the region of interest in disparity mapping for stereo vision autonomous guided vehicle using block matching algorithm. This region is a reference sight of the stereo camera and stereo vision baseline is based on horizontal configuration. The block matching technique is briefly described with the performance of its output. The disparity mapping is generated by the algorithm with the reference to the left image coordinate. The algorithm uses sum of absolute differences (SAD) which is developed using Matlab software.
Isolated Medial Compartment Syndrome of the Foot: A Case Report (1996)

Compartment syndrome, which results from increased pressure within a closed osseofascial compartment, compromises the viability of tissues and requires prompt fasciotomy for successful outcome. The vast majority of published series on compartment syndrome emphasizes the substantial amount of soft tissue and/or bony trauma that accompanies the condition. This report describes an isolated medial compartment syndrome without evidence of specific injury.
Evolution of protein phosphorylation across 18 fungal species (2016)

Living organisms have evolved protein phosphorylation, a rapid and versatile mechanism that drives signaling and regulates protein function. We report the phosphoproteomes of 18 fungal species and a phylogenetic-based approach to study phosphosite evolution. We observe rapid divergence, with only a small fraction of phosphosites conserved over hundreds of millions of years. Relative to recently acquired phosphosites, ancient sites are enriched at protein interfaces and are more likely to be functionally important, as we show for sites on H2A1 and eIF4E. We also observe a change in phosphorylation motif frequencies and kinase activities that coincides with the whole-genome duplication event. Our results provide an evolutionary history for phosphosites and suggest that rapid evolution of phosphorylation can contribute strongly to phenotypic diversity.
Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Ce<SUB>1−<I>x</I></SUB>Fe<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O<SUB>2−<I>δ</I></SUB> (<I>x</I> = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) Nanoparticles Synthesised by Combustion Method (2010)

Nanocrystalline Ce(1-x)Fe(x)O(2-delta) particles with different Fe concentrations (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) have been prepared by a gel-combustion method. X-ray diffraction data revealed the formation of an impurity free Ce(1-x)Fe(x)O(2-delta) products up to x = 0.15. This observation is further confirmed from the detailed studies conducted on 10 at.% Fe doped CeO2 using High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) imaging, Selected-Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) and Raman spectroscopy. DC magnetization studies as a function of field and temperature indicate that they are ferromagnetic with Curie temperature (Tc) well above room temperature.
Hybrid Optoelectronic Nonlinear Algebra Processor (1988)

A novel system for solving systems of nonlinear equations is proposed. Two different algorithms are introduced. A speed analysis of the two different algorithms is presented and compared with the speed of their digital computer counter parts. A great advantage in speed is shown for large size problems.
Beyond 10% efficiency Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells enabled by modifying the heterojunction interface chemistry (2019)

ZnCdS buffer layers deposited from high concentration ammonia enable a less defective interface and over 10% efficiency Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> solar cell.