gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-Thread Speculation: Two Threads in the Machine are Worth Eight in the Bush (2006)

As chip multiprocessors with simultaneous multithreaded cores are becoming commonplace, there is a need for simple approaches to exploit thread-level parallelism. In this paper, we consider thread-level speculation as a means to reap thread-level parallelism out of application binaries. We first investigate the tradeoffs between scheduling speculative threads on the same core and on different cores. While threads contend for the same resources using the former approach, the latter approach is plagued by the overhead for inter-core communication. Despite the impact of resource contention, our detailed simulations show that the first approach provides the best performance due to lower inter-thread communication cost. The key contribution of the paper is the proposed design and evaluation of the dual-thread speculation system. This design point has very low complexity and reaps most of the gains of a system supporting eight threads
Charge-Transfer Reaction Rate of Li+/Li Couple in Poly(ethylene glycol) Dimethyl Ether Based Electrolytes (2004)

The exchange current densities of the Li+/Li couple reaction in polyether based electrolytes, 0.5 M LiCF3SO3/poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether whose molecular weight is 500 (PEGDME500), were investigated for the studies about charge-transfer reaction rate at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces. It was found that the exchange current densities in the PEGDME500 based electrolytes decreased with increasing amounts of PEGDME1000 (molecular weight: 1000). Raman spectroscopic studies indicated that the activity of lithium ions, which is a factor for the exchange current densities, was found to be the almost constant even with the addition of PEGDME1000 in to the electrolytes. The Gibbs activation energies for the interfacial reaction were also the almost constant. Meanwhile, inversely proportional relationships between the exchange current densities and viscosities of the electrolytes were observed. Our studies elucidated that viscosity of the electrolytes was the only important factor for the charge-transfer reaction rate at polyether based electrolyte/electrode interfaces.
Influence of Storage Temperature on the Quality of Geniotrigona thoracica Honey (2022)

Stingless bee honey is well-known for its high content of moisture compared to Apis mellifera honey. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different temperatures used to reduce moisture content in honey using clay pots. The Geniotrigona thoracica honey was kept in clay pots for 10 days at 25 °C and 35 °C, and the changes in its properties were evaluated on the moisture content, total soluble solids, viscosity, pH, free acidity, and colour. Honey stored at 35 °C reduced moisture content by &lt;20% in 3 days while honey at 25 °C took 7 days. Free acidity was found higher (113 meq/kg) in the sample stored at 35 °C for 3 days compared to honey stored at 25 °C for 7 days (106 meq/kg). From this study, the suitable temperature and the use of clay pots was proved to reduce the moisture content in honey.
Identifying crystal structures and chemical reactions at the interface of stanene on Bi2Te3 (2020)

Synthesizing monolayers and heterostructures is an enabling approach to extract new physical phenomena from bulk materials. Among the structures amenable to this approach is stanene, which is a monolayer of tin, similar to graphene, and has been predicted to host one-dimensional topological states at its edges. Stanene can be tuned by decorating with different adatoms, which makes it a promising platform on which to engineer topological devices. Here, we deposit Sn on Bi2Te3 and characterize the growth using anomalous synchrotron x-ray scattering and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). X-ray diffraction data reveal the formation of epitaxial Sn-based structures, along with penetration of Sn into the Bi2Te3, with Sn intercalating between the upper 10 Bi2Te3 quintuple layers. Additionally, XPS data show deposited Sn reacting to form SnTe and Bi at the Bi2Te3 surface. The calculated heat of reaction for Sn and Bi2Te3 is consistent with an exothermic reaction to SnTe and Bi. Using thermodynamic calculations as a guide, we identify several candidate substrates that can stabilize the stanene phase.
Measuring the Nucleation Overpotential in Lithium Metal Batteries: Never Forget the Counter Electrode! (2022)

The nucleation overpotential has been used by many researchers as an indicator of the energy required to form the Li nuclei during plating. Typically, a two-electrode system is used to measure the nucleation overpotential; this method, however, fails to show the contribution of working and counter electrodes separately. In this study, we have used a three-electrode configuration (three-dimensional nickel foam as working electrode, lithium foil as both reference and counter electrode) to deconvolute the potential associated with each electrode during the galvanostatic Li electrodeposition to obtain a clear picture of nucleation overpotential. The results indicate that, in such a system, the main source of overpotential is the sudden drop in the potential of the counter electrode, which can be attributed to the extraction of Li from the surface of lithium metal. Moreover, unlike the first half-cycle, the nuclear overpotential is dominated by the working electrode in the second half-discharge cycle, which should account for a true nucleation overpotential of the system. This finding may aid in clarifying the origins of the experimental polarization and preventing researchers from misinterpreting it in terms of nucleation overpotential.
THE LITHIUM CHLORIDE/DIMETHYLACETAMIDE SOLVENT FOR CELLULOSE: A LITERATURE REVIEW (1990)

Abstract Cellulose or poly(1·4)-β-D-D-glucose is the most abundant, renewable organic raw material [1]. The molocular structure (Fig. 1) consists of cellobiose repeating units which allow chain-packing by intermolecular [2] and intramolecular [3] hydrogen-bonding. Such strong interactions are responsible for excellent inherent mechanical properties, yet at the same time, interfere with efforts to process or modify the material. Only in a few instances have cellulose derivatives been exploited commercially and certainly not to the extent predicted from raw material availability and cost. Controllable, uniform derivatization has been hampered by the lack of suitable, nondegrading solvents or by a limited range of synthetic reactions within these solvents.
A Novel Hybrid Adenoretroviral Vector with More Extensive E3 Deletion Extends Transgene Expression in Submandibular Glands (2012)

Salivary glands are an attractive target for gene transfer. Salivary epithelial cells are considered to be highly differentiated and have low rates of cell division (~6 months), affording the opportunity to obtain relatively long-term transgene expression in the absence of genomic integration. Here, we report a novel modified hybrid adenoretroviral vector, which provides stable transgene expression in salivary epithelial cells in vivo for up to 6 months in the absence of genomic integration. This modified hybrid vector, Ad(ΔE1/3)LTR(2)EF1α-hEPO, encodes human erythropoietin (hEPO) and differs from a previously developed hybrid vector, AdLTR(2)EF1α-hEPO, by having more extensive E3 gene deletion. Following direct salivary gland gene transfer by retroductal cannulation, rats transduced with Ad(ΔE1/3)LTR(2)EF1α-hEPO had sustained, elevated serum hEPO levels and hematocrits for 6 months (length of experiment), as compared with ~2 months for animals administered the AdLTR(2)EF1α-hEPO vector. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that this novel vector could transduce both acinar and ductal cells. Interestingly, the Ad(ΔE1/3)LTR(2)EF1α-hEPO vector evoked much weaker local (salivary gland) immune responses than seen after AdLTR(2)EF1α-hEPO vector delivery, which likely permits its significantly lengthened transgene expression in this tissue.
Adaptive intervention in probabilistic boolean networks (2009)

This article demonstrates the feasibility of applying on-line adaptive control to improve intervention performance in genetic regulatory networks modeled by PBNs. It shows via simulations that when the network is modeled by a member of a known family of PBNs, an adaptive design can yield improved performance in terms of the average cost. Two algorithms are presented, one better suited for instantaneously random PBNs and the other better suited for context-sensitive PBNs with low switching probability between the constituent BNs.
The Isomeric Compositions of Hydroperoxides Produced by Oxidation of Arachidonic Acid with Singlet Oxygen (1981)

Journal Article The Isomeric Compositions of Hydroperoxides Produced by Oxidation of Arachidonic Acid with Singlet Oxygen Get access Junji Terao, Junji Terao Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Setsuro Matsushita Setsuro Matsushita Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 3, 1 March 1981, Pages 587–593, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864580 Published: 01 March 1981 Article history Received: 11 July 1980 Published: 01 March 1981
Adaptive selfcalibrating delta-sigma modulators (1992)

The concept of an adaptive Δσ A/D convertor is introduced. A selfcalibrating adaptive implementation is described. The new scheme appears to be very effective for improving the resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of delta-sigma modulators which rely on error cancellation to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio.
A Framework for Server Authentication using Communication Protocol Dialects (2022)

In today's world, computer networks have become vulnerable to numerous attacks. In both wireless and wired networks, one of the most common attacks is man-in-the-middle attacks, within which session hijacking, context confusion attacks have been the most attempted. A potential attacker may have enough time to launch an attack targeting these vulnerabilities (such as rerouting the target request to a malicious server or hijacking the traffic). A viable strategy to solve this problem is, by dynamically changing the system properties, configurations and create unique fingerprints to identify the source. However, the existing work of fingerprinting mainly focuses on lower-level properties (e.g IP address), and only these types of properties are restricted for mutation. We develop a novel system, called Verify-Pro, to provide server authentication using communication protocol dialects, that uses a client-server architecture based on network protocols for customizing the communication transactions. For each session, a particular sequence of handshakes will be used as dialects. So, given the context, with the establishment of a one-time username and password, we use the dialects as an authentication mechanism for each request (e.g get filename in FTP) throughout the session, which enforces continuous authentication. Specifically, we leverage a machine learning approach on both client and server machines to trigger a specific dialect that dynamically changes for each request. We implement a prototype of Verify-Pro and evaluate its practicality on standard communication protocols FTP, HTTP &amp; internet of things protocol MQTT. Our experimental results show that by sending misleading information through message packets from an attacker at the application layer, it is possible for the recipient to identify if the sender is genuine or a spoofed one, with a negligible overhead of 0.536%.
Architectures for Architects (1993)

Abstract: Response to Heathfield HA, Wyatt J. Philosophies for the design and development of clinical decision-support systems. Meth Inform Med 1993; 32: 1-8.
Investigation of optical parametric fluorescence suppression with a quencher pulse in an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser (2017)

The mechanism of suppressing optical parametric fluorescence (OPF) with a quencher pulse in an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) laser is investigated. A simplified theoretical model of this phenomenon is presented, and numerical simulations and experimental demonstrations are performed for explanation and verification. The results show that, although the improvement of the temporal contrast usually is limited, the generation and amplification of the OPF in an OPCPA process does be suppressed by the injection of a quencher pulse, and the suppression capability can be slightly enhanced by increasing the quencher-pulse energy. We believe that this work will be helpful in designing high-peak-power lasers with high temporal contrast.
The Use of Sodium Bicarbonate in the Treatment of Acidosis in Sepsis: A Literature Update on a Long Term Debate (2015)

Introduction. Sepsis and its consequences such as metabolic acidosis are resulting in increased mortality. Although correction of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate seems a reasonable approach, there is ongoing debate regarding the role of bicarbonates as a therapeutic option. Methods. We conducted a PubMed literature search in order to identify published literature related to the effects of sodium bicarbonate treatment on metabolic acidosis due to sepsis. The search included all articles published in English in the last 35 years. Results. There is ongoing debate regarding the use of bicarbonates for the treatment of acidosis in sepsis, but there is a trend towards not using bicarbonate in sepsis patients with arterial blood gas pH > 7.15. Conclusions. Routine use of bicarbonate for treatment of severe acidemia and lactic acidosis due to sepsis is subject of controversy, and current opinion does not favor routine use of bicarbonates. However, available evidence is inconclusive, and more studies are required to determine the potential benefit, if any, of bicarbonate therapy in the sepsis patient with acidosis.
Experimenting with Application-Based Benchmarks on Different Cloud Providers via a Multi-cloud Execution and Modeling Framework (2015)

Cloud services are emerging today as an innovative IT provisioning model, offering benefits over the traditional approach of provisioning infrastructure. However, the occurrence of multi-tenancy, virtualization and resource sharing issues raise certain difficulties in providing performance estimation during application design or deployment time. In order to assess the performance of cloud services and compare cloud offerings, cloud benchmarks are required. The aim of this paper is to present a mechanism and a benchmarking process for measuring the performance of various cloud service delivery models, while describing this information in a machine understandable format. The suggested framework is responsible for organizing the execution and may support multiple cloud providers. In our work context, benchmarking measurement results are demonstrated from three large commercial cloud providers, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure and Flexiant in order to assist with provisioning decisions for cloud users. Furthermore, we present approaches for measuring service performance with the usage of specialized metrics for ranking the services according to a weighted combination of cost, performance and workload.
Shape‐Dependent Acidity and Photocatalytic Activity of Nb2O5 Nanocrystals with an Active TT (001) Surface (2012)

Nb(2)O(5) nanorods and nanospheres were synthesized, and their photocatalytic activity for methylene blue decomposition in water compared. Nb(2)O(5) nanorods clearly displayed higher activity, despite their comparable surface area. With a shape-dependent surface acidity, hydrothermal stability, and high photoactivity, these Nb(2)O(5) nanorods are a unique and exciting nanomaterial for non-classical photocatalytic mineralization of organic compounds in water.
Role of Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidase on Glucose Transport and GLUT4 Recruitment to the Cell Surface in Adipose Cells (1998)

The previous characterization of an abundant population of non-adrenergic imidazoline-I<sub>2</sub>binding sites in adipocytes and the recent demonstration of the interplay between these binding sites and amine oxidases led us to analyze the amine oxidase activity in membranes from isolated rat adipocytes. Adipocyte membranes had substantial levels of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO). SSAO activity and immunoreactive SSAO protein were maximal in plasma membranes, and they were also detectable in intracellular membranes. Vesicle immunoisolation analysis indicated that GLUT4-containing vesicles from rat adipocytes contain substantial levels of SSAO activity and immunoreactive SSAO protein. Immunotitration of intracellular GLUT4 vesicles indicated that GLUT4 and SSAO colocalize in an endosomal compartment in rat adipocytes. SSAO activity was also found in GLUT4 vesicles from 3T3-L1 adipocytes and rat skeletal muscle. Benzylamine, a substrate of SSAO activity, caused a marked stimulation of glucose transport in isolated rat adipocytes in the presence of very low vanadate concentrations that by themselves were ineffective in exerting insulin-like effects. This synergistic effect of benzylamine and vanadate on glucose transport was totally abolished in the presence of semicarbazide, a specific inhibitor of SSAO. Subcellular membrane fractionation revealed that the combination of benzylamine and vanadate caused a recruitment of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane of adipose cells. The stimulatory effects of benzylamine and vanadate on glucose transport were blocked by catalase, suggesting that hydrogen peroxide production coupled to SSAO activity plays a crucial regulatory role. Based on these results we propose that SSAO activity might contribute through hydrogen peroxide production to the <i>in vivo</i> regulation of GLUT4 trafficking in adipose cells.
Pharmacological Options in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTPharmacological Options in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaBarry Kenny, Stephen Ballard, Julian Blagg, and David FoxView Author Information Departments of Discovery Biology and Discovery Chemistry, Pfizer Central Research, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K. Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 9, 1293–1315Publication Date (Web):April 25, 1997Publication History Received7 October 1996Published online25 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm960697shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm960697sreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views977Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Antagonists,Inhibitors,Receptors,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement Using Photonic Technique (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We propose a novel photonic technique for measuring microwave frequency instantaneously over a wide bandwidth. In our approach, an optical carrier is divided into two parts. Both parts are modulated by an unknown microwave signal; one part is phase modulated while the other one is intensity modulated. The two differently modulated optical signals are then launched into single-mode fibers with the same lengths to introduce microwave signal power fading. After photodetection, the radio-frequency powers of the two parts are used to generate an amplitude comparison function which provides a frequency-to-power mapping. The proposed scheme is simple and is experimentally verified over a frequency range of 13.5 GHz with a measurement error less than <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\pm$</tex></formula>0.3 GHz. </para>
Amniochorion gelatinase-gelatinase inhibitor imbalance in vitro: a possible infectious pathway to rupture (2000)

Lipopolysaccharide increased the expression and release of gelatinases and decreased its inhibitor, which shifted the balance in favor of gelatinase activity leading to membrane degradation that predisposes to premature rupture of membranes.
Si85Fe15Ox Alloy Anode Materials with High Thermal Stability for Lithium Ion Batteries (2021)

The synthesis, microstructure and electrochemical properties of ball milled Si 85 Fe 15 O x alloys with different oxygen contents are investigated. These materials combine the features of Si-M alloys (low irreversible capacity) and SiO x materials (high thermal stability). This makes Si 85 Fe 15 O x alloys compatible with high temperature processing. As shown here, these properties allow Si 85 Fe 15 O x alloys to be incorporated into carbon-coated graphite composite particles that can cycle well even without the use of advanced binders or electrolyte additives.
Progress im High-Level Microprogramming (1986)

A high-level microprogramming language would speed work on higher level microprogramming and firmware engineering and decouple algorithm design from microcoding. This article examines several approaches.
A Comparison of the Levels of Lutein and Zeaxanthin in Corn Germ Oil, Corn Fiber Oil and Corn Kernel Oil (2007)

Abstract All commercial corn oil is obtained by pressing corn germ and/or extracting the germ with hexane. In the current study, six types of corn oil were prepared by extracting corn germ, corn fiber and ground corn, each with hexane or with ethanol. The levels of lutein, zeaxanthin and other carotenoids were quantitatively analyzed in the six corn oils. The levels of lutein + zeaxanthin in the oil ranged from 2.3 μg/g for hexane‐extracted corn germ oil to 220.9 μg/g for ethanol‐extracted ground corn oil. These results indicate that a diet that includes 30 g (~2 tbsp) per day of the unrefined corn oil obtained by extracting ground corn with ethanol would provide ~6 mg of lutein + zeaxanthin, the daily dosage that is currently considered to be necessary to slow the progression of age‐related macular degeneration.