gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Speed Controller Using Time Constrained Output Feedback for Permanent Magnet DC Motor (2007)

In this paper a synthesis method for stabilizing controllers with a time constraint in the case of LTI (linear time invariant) systems is presented. In this case the controller structure and dynamics are fixed. The time constraint is expressed using equality between the time moments of the closed loop system and those of a reference model. The linear matrix inequality (LMI) formalism is used in the resolution. This theoretical analyse is applied to control a permanent magnet DC motor (PMDC). A complete simulation and also experimental results confirm the validity of the proposal method.
Dyeing of wool with antibiotics to develop novel infection resistance materials for extracorporeal end use (2004)

Abstract Two antibiotics, doxycycline (Doxy) and ciprofloxacin (Cipro), were applied under a variety of conditions to wool and to hydrolyzed wool at 40°C. Nylon was used as a synthetic control. Sorption of Doxy was much higher in wool than in nylon, whereas sorption of Cipro was similar in both fibers. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed that a drastic increase in sorption of antibiotics by hydrolyzed wool was attributed to an increase in polar functional groups by peptide scission and in oxidized sulfur groups by cystine oxidation. Both sorption and zone of inhibition (ZOI) values were improved by hydrolysis of wool. Wool hydrolyzed for 20 or 40 min at 40°C and dyed with Doxy at 45°C for 3.5 h maintained around 30 mm of ZOI after 24 h of challenge by a simulated flow of blood. Wool hydrolyzed for 60 min at 40°C and dyed with Cipro at 45°C for 3.5 h also maintained its antibiotic activity for an extended time. For the most part, ZOI values for nylon dyed by both antibiotics were zero within 24 h. This technique produced infection‐resistant biomaterials of potential use in extra‐corporeal biomedical and biological applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3343–3354, 2004
DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium bovis strains by restriction fragment analysis and hybridization with insertion elements IS1081 and IS6110 (1993)

Strains of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative organism of bovine tuberculosis, can be clearly distinguished from each other by restriction fragment analysis. This method of DNA fingerprinting has been used for many epidemiological studies in New Zealand, but the technique presents practical difficulties that hinder its widespread use. The insertion element IS6110 is being widely used as a DNA probe for distinguishing restriction fragment polymorphisms among strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both this element and another recently sequenced element, IS1081, are also present in M. bovis. We assessed the usefulness of these two elements for distinguishing between 160 strains of M. bovis. These strains, most of which were isolated in New Zealand, were selected to be representative of the 95 different types that were identified among 530 strains that were previously typed by restriction fragment analysis. Fifteen IS6110 types were identified, but more than half of the strains representing 46 restriction types had the same IS6110 type. Virtually all M. bovis strains as well as strains of M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium africanum had the same IS1081 type. The results indicate that for M. bovis, IS1081 cannot be used to type strains, IS6110 can be used to distinguish strains into broad groups, but only restriction fragment analysis is sufficiently sensitive for detailed epidemiological studies. An investigation of the host range of IS1081 revealed that, apart from its presence in species of the tuberculosis complex, it is also present in a strain of Mycobacterium xenopi.
Treatment with immunotoxin (2001)

T-cell depletion prior to or beginning at the time of transplantation has been shown to be a valuable adjunct to the induction of immunological unresponsiveness. Both total lymphoid irradiation and anti-lymphocyte globulin have been used for this purpose in experimental models of transplantation as well as in human organ transplant recipients. However, these methods of T-cell depletion are limited in their ability to deplete T cells selectively due to non-specific targeting and limited efficacy. A new anti-CD3 immunotoxin has been developed with a far more potent ability to deplete T cells selectively as measured by flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood T lymphocytes as well as lymph node lymphocytes. This immunotoxin is well tolerated by rhesus monkeys when administered in vivo. When administered as a single immunosuppressive agent pretransplant, it substantially promotes allograft survival, inducing tolerance in at least one-third of recipients as measured by subsequent acceptance of donor skin grafts and rejection of third-party skin grafts. When administered on the day of transplant in combination with steroid pretreatment and a brief course of deoxyspergualin or mycophenolate mofetil (4 to 14 days), long-term unresponsiveness is also produced and in a more reliable manner than using immunotoxin alone. A new immunotoxin directed at the human CD3epsilon has been developed with excellent potency in T-cell killing and lacking the Fc portion of the CD3 antibody. This construct may be useful for T-cell depletion in humans and has a potential application in tolerance induction in human organ transplantation. Lessons learned from anti-CD3 immunotoxin in the non-human primate model to date include (i) profound (2-3 log) depletion of T-cells can be accomplished safely without inducing lymphoma or infection, (ii) such depletion is a useful adjunct for tolerance induction to allogeneic organ transplants, and (iii) tolerance to both allogeneic renal transplants and xenogeneic islet transplants has been accomplished using such strategies to date in non-human primates and in pigs. Immunotoxin may be useful for the induction of chimerism using strategies that include donor bone marrow infusion. Successful strategies for tolerance induction have also been developed using immunotoxin without the adjunct of donor bone marrow or stem cell infusion. Clinical application of immunotoxin will use a newly engineered construct with the potential for causing cytokine release, less susceptibility to neutralization by anti-diphtheria antibody and not dependent on chemical conjugation of an antibody and toxin. The usefulness of immunotoxin is directly related to its tremendous potency for depleting T cells. Based on results in nonhuman primates, it is anticipated that it will become a useful agent in tolerance induction in humans.
<title>Automated packing of arbitrary shapes</title> (1992)

The manipulation of objects under visual control is one of the key tasks in the implementation of robotic, automated assembly, and flexible manufacturing systems. This paper considers one problem in this area, that of automating the packing of 2-dimensional arbitrary shapes into a 2- dimensional bounded region, also of arbitrary shape. Two techniques are examined and compared, the first technique is based on the concept of packing shapes in terms of their minimum area bounding rectangle. The second technique is based on image morphological transform techniques using interval coding, whereby the problem translates to the morphological manipulation of large structuring elements within the binary image domain. We will show that the morphological technique implemented, which we call the modified opening packing algorithm, enables efficient packing of arbitrary shapes.
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Defibrillation Thresholds from the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract and the Right Ventricular Apex (2009)

DFTs in leads placed in the RVOT and RVA are comparable. RVOT ICD lead placement is safe and exhibits similar lead stability, threshold, and impedance measurements as the traditional RVA location.
Effect of carbon nanofibre orientation on fatigue properties of carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (2023)

Nano-reinforcements in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) have proven to enhance the mechanical properties considering quasi-static, as well as fatigue load and, are a promising option with regard to CFRP performance optimisation. While general knowledge about the nanofiller content and its influence in CFRP is well documented, the use of alignment techniques for a specific orientation of the nano-reinforcements is still insufficiently studied. In this work, the influence of oriented carbon nanofibres (CNF) on the mechanical properties of bidirectional CFRP is investigated. CFRP was produced CNF-reinforced with and without orientation using a hot press, where an electric field was applied during curing. The laminates were characterised with respect to dispersion quality, pore volume, quasi-static properties (tensile and bending tests) and dynamic properties (fatigue tests). Electrical resistance measurement was applied together with digital image correlation and in situ computed tomography to generate knowledge about the fatigue-related damage evolution and evaluate the sensors for viable use of condition monitoring. Results show that the orientation of CNF has a significant impact on both quasi-static and fatigue properties, increasing the strength while reducing and slowing down the introduced damage. Orientation of nanofillers thus shows large optimization potential of mechanical properties of CFRP components.
Several issues in sedimentological studies on hydrocarbon-bearing fine-grained sedimentary rocks (2013)

The fine-grained sedimentary rock has an important position in sedimentary rocks,but it has been often overlooked because of its seemingly simple appearance.Meanwhile,due to limitation of ultra-microcosmic experimental conditions,deposition and diagenesis of fine-grained sediments remain a relatively weake research field in sedimentology,even in geology.With exploration and development of shale oil and gas,the study of fine-grained sedimentary rocks becomes increasingly urgent.However,there are several issues deserving of attention in the current study,such as to utilize sedimentology,reservoir geology and stratigraphy comprehensively,to combine high-resolution observation instruments with geophysical recognition techniques,experimental simulation and other methods,to search for theoretical breakthrough and method innovations,the standardize the related concepts and terminology of fine-grained sedimentary rocks,to establish systematic and scientific classification schemes of fine-grained sedimentary rocks,to reconstruct dynamic processes of fine-grained material deposition and diagenesis,and to set up stratigraphic specification of deepwater fine-grained materials.In addition,agreat emphasis should be placed on interdisciplinary researches and association between scientific significance and industrial value so as to make fine-grained sedimentary rocks receive extensive attention,gain breakthrough in progress,and serve shale oil and gas exploration and development better.
Case studies of hybrid and galvanic systems on bridge structures (2019)

Corrosion of steel in bridge structures is a growing issue worldwide. Case studies of galvanic and hybrid systems show the diverse range of challenges and corrosion hazards that are faced during the design of these systems. Data from these case studies show the effectiveness of this approach. Hybrid systems have been utilised in controlling corrosion during refurbishment work on bridges for over a decade. Galvanic systems have been around much longer. By utilising these systems individually or together there is great flexibility in design. This allows intensive concrete restoration from a hybrid system alongside the maintenance of repairs in lower risk areas from galvanic anodes. This paper presents case studies covering hybrid and galvanic systems applied to bridge structures. Included is a prestressed concrete bridge in a tidal environment, we believe to be the first of its kind fitted with a hybrid system. Tidal considerations and flooding are key challenges in corrosion mitigation. Data shows the systems are particularly effective in these transitory environments reacting rapidly to increased risk.
Overcoming Resistance to Tumor-Targeted and Immune-Targeted Therapies (2021)

Resistance to anticancer therapies includes primary resistance, usually related to lack of target dependency or presence of additional targets, and secondary resistance, mostly driven by adaptation of the cancer cell to the selection pressure of treatment. Resistance to targeted therapy is frequently acquired, driven by on-target, bypass alterations, or cellular plasticity. Resistance to immunotherapy is often primary, orchestrated by sophisticated tumor-host-microenvironment interactions, but could also occur after initial efficacy, mostly when only partial responses are obtained. Here, we provide an overview of resistance to tumor and immune-targeted therapies and discuss challenges of overcoming resistance, and current and future directions of development. SIGNIFICANCE: A better and earlier identification of cancer-resistance mechanisms could avoid the use of ineffective drugs in patients not responding to therapy and provide the rationale for the administration of personalized drug associations. A clear description of the molecular interplayers is a prerequisite to the development of novel and dedicated anticancer drugs. Finally, the implementation of such cancer molecular and immunologic explorations in prospective clinical trials could de-risk the demonstration of more effective anticancer strategies in randomized registration trials, and bring us closer to the promise of cure.
Application of NMR‐based metabolomics to the investigation of salt stress in maize (Zea mays) (2010)

The metabolic effect of high salinity was predominantly consistent with osmotic stress as reported for other plant species and was found to be stronger in the shoots than the roots. Using multivariate data analysis it is possible to investigate the effects of more than one environmental stressor simultaneously.
Towards point-of-care detection of polymicrobial infections: Rapid colorimetric response using a portable spectrophotometer (2016)

Infectious diseases spread rapidly because current diagnostic methods are slow, expensive, and require technical expertise. Biosensors have recently been used as devices that can be deployed at the point-of-care for rapid and accurate diagnosis. Here, we show that a “chemical nose” biosensor based on gold nanoparticles can be coupled with a portable spectrophotometer to detect monomicrobial and polymicrobial solutions of pathogenic bacteria within 2 min of data collection. The design presented here exploits the rapid kinetics of gold nanoparticle aggregation around bacteria, which leads to a dramatic color change. The “chemical nose” produces unique signals based on the surface characteristics of the bacteria—such as the presence of extracellular polymeric substances, distribution of charged lipids, and localization of proteins—and hence provides a versatile platform for detection. We present a biosensor design that can easily be translated to the point-of-care because of its rapid response and simple output. • “Chemical nose” can detect polymicrobial mixtures of bacteria. • Kinetic colorimetric response of each bacterial mixture is unique. • A portable spectrophotometer provides sufficient information within 2 min.
Recycling of Disposed CFRP by Undergraduate Research Programs (2019)

In the present paper, we demonstrate the engagement and the achievements of the undergraduate engineering students in research through different undergraduate research programs offered by internal university fund as well as through external sponsors. The aim was to encourage the students to develop their technical and research skills through participating in this unique opportunity under the supervisor of a principal investigator. Two groups worked successfully on recycling waste CFRP scrap material produced by domestic industries in order to investigate the potential of the waste to produce helpful products through understanding the mechanical properties of the recycled material. Hence, trying to come up with innovative solutions to resolve the undesirable and the negative impact of the recycled waste on the environment and to comply with the local legislation that enforces waste producers to handle the waste of their industries.
Need for Outcomes Data in Pain Studies (2015)

Barbul, Adrian MD, FACS; Hopf, Harriet W. MD, FUHM; Sherman, Jodi MD; Hunt, Thomas K. MD, FACS Author Information
Sound Mixed-Precision Optimization with Rewriting (2018)

Finite-precision arithmetic, widely used in embedded systems for numerical calculations, faces an inherent tradeoff between accuracy and efficiency. The points in this tradeoff space are determined, among other factors, by different data types but also evaluation orders. To put it simply, the shorter a precision's bit-length, the larger the roundoff error will be, but the faster the program will run. Similarly, the fewer arithmetic operations the program performs, the faster it will run; however, the effect on the roundoff error is less clear-cut. Manually optimizing the efficiency of finite-precision programs while ensuring that results remain accurate enough is challenging. The unintuitive and discrete nature of finite-precision makes estimation of roundoff errors difficult; furthermore the space of possible data types and evaluation orders is prohibitively large. We present the first fully automated and sound technique and tool for optimizing the performance of floating-point and fixed-point arithmetic kernels. Our technique combines rewriting and mixed-precision tuning. Rewriting searches through different evaluation orders to find one which minimizes the roundoff error at no additional runtime cost. Mixed-precision tuning assigns different finite precisions to different variables and operations and thus provides finer-grained control than uniform precision. We show that when these two techniques are designed and applied together, they can provide higher performance improvements than each alone.
Isolation of new temperature‐sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in mannose outer chain elongation (1992)

We have isolated two temperature-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants which exhibit a deficiency in mannose outer chain elongation of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide. The size of yeast glycoprotein, secretory form of invertase, of one mutant (och1) was slightly larger than that of the sec18 mutant at the non-permissive temperature, while that of the other mutant (och2) was almost the same as that of the sec18 mutant. Unlike sec mutants, the och mutants were not deficient in secretion of invertase. The och1 mutant showed a 2+:2- cosegregation with regard to the temperature sensitivity and mannose outer chain deficiency, suggesting that a single gene designated as OCH1 is responsible for these two phenotypes. The och1 mutant stopped its growth at the early stage of bud formation and rapidly lost its viability at the non-permissive temperature. The och1 mutation was mapped near the ole1 on the left arm of chromosome VII. The och1 mutant cells accumulated the external invertase containing a large amount of core-like oligosaccharides (Man9-10GlcNAc2) and a small amount of high mannose oligosaccharides (greater than Man50GlcNAc2) at the non-permissive temperature. Production of the active form of human tissue-type plasminogen activator was increased in the och1 mutant compared with the parental strain, suggesting the potential advantage of this mutant for the production of mammalian-type glycoproteins which lack mannose outer chains in yeast.
A survey of dynamic microsimulation models: uses, model structure andmethodology (2012)

More than 10 years ago O'Donoghue (2001a) surveyed the dynamic microsimulation models that had been developed up to that point. However many of the barriers mentioned have been gradually overcome in the last decade. This paper surveys the development and practices in dynamic microsimulation over the past decade, and discusses the methodological challenges today. It provides an overview of the methodological choices made in more than 60 known dynamic microsimulation models and examines the advantages and disadvantages of different practices. In addition, this paper reviews the main progress made in the field and explores how future microsimulation models could evolve potentially.
Translation of thyroglobulin 33S messenger RNA as a means of determining thyroglobulin quaternary structure. (1975)

Thyroglobulin is a 19S protein of approximately 660,000 daltons and unknown quaternary structure. We have previously shown that a 33S mRNA purified from mammalian thyroids promoted synthesis in the Xenopus oocyte of a peptide immunologically related to thyroglobulin. Chemical identity to the native protein is now presented by means of a tryptic peptide analysis. Moreover, the 33S mRNA is shown to contain all the information required for the synthesis of a complete 19S thyroglobulin molecule. Gel filtration in Sepharose under denaturing conditions indicates that the reduced polypeptide encoded by the 33S mRNA is larger than 210,000 daltons. A model of a dimeric thyroglobulin with about 300,000 dalton subunits is presented.
Effects of fluctuation on dissipative structures. III. Analysis of a model sensitive to changes in external constraints (1980)

The effects of fluctuation on a chemical system which contains a subchemical system showing critical phenomena under suitable conditions has been investigated. It is shown that the system shows pulselike oscillations of opposite directions according to the external conditions. The conditions of the transition state where the chemical system reverses the direction of pulse are very severe and, therefore, this chemical system is extremely sensitive to changes in external constraints. Moreover, under the suitable conditions this chemical system shows three different behaviors depending on initial states and very complicated oscillations appear under influence of fluctuations.
Radio Alignment for Inductive Charging of Electric Vehicles (2015)

To maximize power transfer for inductively charging electric vehicles (EVs), charger and battery coils must be aligned. Wireless sensors can be installed to estimate misalignments; however, existing ranging techniques cannot satisfy the precision requirements of the misalignment estimation. We propose a high-precision wireless ranging and misalignment estimation scheme, where high precision is achieved by iteratively measuring, estimating, and aligning the coils. Another key aspect is to convert the nonconvex misalignment estimation to a more tractable problem with a convex objective. We develop a conditional gradient descent method to solve the problem, which performs gradient descent (or conditional gradient descent on the boundary of the search space) and projects out-of-boundary points back into the space. Employing experimentally validated models, we show that our scheme can achieve 92% of the efficiency of perfectly aligned coils in 90% of operations, and tolerate correlated distance measurement errors. In contrast, the prior art is susceptible to correlation, undergoing a significant efficiency degradation of 18.5%.