gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Capture and playback synchronization in video conferencing</title> (1995)

Packet-switching based video conferencing has emerged as one of the most important multimedia applications. Lip synchronization can be disrupted in the packet network as the result of the network properties: packet delay jitters at the capture end, network delay jitters, packet loss, packet arrived out of sequence, local clock mismatch, and video playback overlay with the graphic system. The synchronization problem become more demanding as the real time and multiparty requirement of the video conferencing application. Some of the above mentioned problem can be solved in the more advanced network architecture as ATM having promised. This paper will present some of the solutions to the problems that can be useful at the end station terminals in the massively deployed packet switching network today. The playback scheme in the end station will consist of two units: compression domain buffer management unit and the pixel domain buffer management unit. The pixel domain buffer management unit is responsible for removing the annoying frame shearing effect in the display. The compression domain buffer management unit is responsible for parsing the incoming packets for identifying the complete data blocks in the compressed data stream which can be decoded independently. The compression domain buffer management unit is also responsible for concealing the effects of clock mismatch, lip synchronization, and packet loss, out of sequence, and network jitters. This scheme can also be applied to the multiparty teleconferencing environment. Some of the schemes presented in this paper have been implemented in the Multiparty Multimedia Teleconferencing (MMT) system prototype at the IBM watson research center.
Estimating one-way delays from cyclic-path delay measurements (2002)

In this paper we present a novel approach for the estimation of one-way delays from cyclic-path delay measurements that does not require any kind of synchronization among the nodes of the network. Furthermore, this approach takes into account the asymmetric nature of the network, and the fact that traffic flows are not necessarily the same in both directions. Our approach is based on cyclic-path delay measurements, each of which is extracted using a single (source) clock and therefore is accurate. The basic idea of the approach is to express the cyclic-path delays in terms of one-way delay variables. If there were enough independent cyclic-path delay measurements, then one could solve explicitly for the one-way delays. We show that the maximal number of independent measurements that can be taken is smaller hence a procedure for estimating the one-way delay is proposed.
Dysphagia Caused by Two Possible Culprits - Diverticulum or Osteophyte (2021)

Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum (KJD) is a rare and often misdiagnosed esophageal diverticulum with a wide variability of presentation and treatment options.
Intraindividual comparison between 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and mpMRI for intraprostatic tumor delineation in patients with primary prostate cancer: a retrospective analysis in 101 patients (2020)

MpMRI and <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-PET detect a similar amount of PCa lesions. However, GTV-PET had approximately twice the volume (median 4.9 ml vs 2.8 ml) and detected significantly more bilateral lesions than mpMRI. Thus, <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-PET gives highly important complementary information. Since we could not find any strong evidence for parameters to guide when <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-PET is dispensable, it should be performed additionally to MRI in patients with intermediate and high-risk PCa according to D'Amico classification to improve GTV delineation.
Point-Counterpoint of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism (2004)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), an evolutionarily conserved bioactive lipid mediator, is now recognized as a potent modulator of cell regulation. In vertebrates, S1P interacts with cell surface G protein-coupled receptors of the EDG family and induces profound effects in a variety of organ systems. Indeed, an S1P receptor agonist is undergoing clinical trials to combat immune-mediated transplant rejection. Recent information on S1P receptor biology suggests potential utility in the control of cardiovascular processes, including angiogenesis, vascular permeability, arteriogenesis, and vasospasm. However, studies from diverse invertebrates, such as yeast, Dictyostelium, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans have shown that S1P is involved in important regulatory functions in the apparent absence of EDG S1P receptor homologues. Metabolic pathways of S1P synthesis, degradation, and release have recently been described at the molecular level. Genetic and biochemical studies of these enzymes have illuminated the importance of S1P signaling systems both inside and outside of cells. The revelation of receptor-dependent pathways, as well as novel metabolic/intracellular pathways has provided new biological insights and may ultimately pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular diseases.
CCL2 produced by the glioma microenvironment is essential for the recruitment of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2016)

In many aggressive cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme, progression is enabled by local immunosuppression driven by the accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). However, the mechanistic details of how Tregs and MDSCs are recruited in various tumors are not yet well understood. Here we report that macrophages and microglia within the glioma microenvironment produce CCL2, a chemokine that is critical for recruiting both CCR4+ Treg and CCR2+Ly-6C+ monocytic MDSCs in this disease setting. In murine gliomas, we established novel roles for tumor-derived CCL20 and osteoprotegerin in inducing CCL2 production from macrophages and microglia. Tumors grown in CCL2-deficient mice failed to maximally accrue Tregs and monocytic MDSCs. In mixed-bone marrow chimera assays, we found that CCR4-deficient Treg and CCR2-deficient monocytic MDSCs were defective in glioma accumulation. Furthermore, administration of a small-molecule antagonist of CCR4 improved median survival in the model. In clinical specimens of glioblastoma multiforme, elevated levels of CCL2 expression correlated with reduced overall survival of patients. Finally, we found that CD163-positive infiltrating macrophages were a major source of CCL2 in glioblastoma multiforme patients. Collectively, our findings show how glioma cells influence the tumor microenvironment to recruit potent effectors of immunosuppression that drive progression. Cancer Res; 76(19); 5671-82. ©2016 AACR.
A signal-dependent autoregressive channel model (1999)

A fast and accurate channel model is presented that captures intersymbol interference, signal non-linearities and signal-dependent noise correlation. The noise is modeled as the output of a signal-dependent autoregressive filter. This channel model is well suited for detector designers who desire realistic simulators with short run-times.
3D Facial Expression Recognition for Defining Users’ Inner Requirements—An Emotional Design Case Study (2019)

This study proposes a novel quality function deployment (QFD) design methodology based on customers’ emotions conveyed by facial expressions. The current advances in pattern recognition related to face recognition techniques have fostered the cross-fertilization and pollination between this context and other fields, such as product design and human-computer interaction. In particular, the current technologies for monitoring human emotions have supported the birth of advanced emotional design techniques, whose main focus is to convey users’ emotional feedback into the design of novel products. As quality functional deployment aims at transforming the voice of customers into engineering features of a product, it appears to be an appropriate and promising nest in which to embed users’ emotional feedback with new emotional design methodologies, such as facial expression recognition. This way, the present methodology consists in interviewing the user and acquiring his/her face with a depth camera (allowing three-dimensional (3D) data), clustering the face information into different emotions with a support vector machine classificator, and assigning customers’ needs weights relying on the detected facial expressions. The proposed method has been applied to a case study in the context of agriculture and validated by a consortium. The approach appears sound and capable of collecting the unconscious feedback of the interviewee.
LA HIPERSENSIBILIDAD VISCERAL EN EL SÍNDROME DEL INTESTINO IRRITABLE (2007)

The POU family subclass V (POU-V) proteins have important roles in maintaining cells in an undifferentiated state. In Xenopus, expression of the POU-V protein Oct60 was detected in oocytes and was found to decrease in blastula- to gastrula-stage embryos. In addition, Oct60 overexpression inhibits some signals in early embryogenesis, including Activin/Nodal, BMP, and Wnt signalling. In this report, we analysed mechanisms of Oct60 promoter activation and discovered that Oct60 transcription was activated ectopically in somatic nuclei by oocyte extract treatment. Promoter assays demonstrated that Oct60 transcription was activated in oocytes specifically and that this activation was dependent on an Octamer-Sox binding motif. ChIP assays showed that the Oct60 protein binds the motif. These results suggest that Oct60 transcription is regulated by a positive-feedback loop in Xenopus oocytes.
Moving Vehicle Detection in Dynamic Background from Airborne Monocular Camera (2013)

Aerial imagery sensors can provide sufficient resolution to sense vehicle locations and movements across broader spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, an approach for collecting and analyzing aerial imagery is given. This paper presents a method to detect vehicle from a moving camera. The detection component involves a cascade of modules. First, road is detected Based on edge detection and blob analysis, then our proposed motion detection (simplified Lucas-Kanade algorithm) is used to obtain motion vectors from two consecutive input frames. Third, frame differencing method Based on obtained motion vectors is applied to generate differenced image. At last, moving vehicles are detected Based on blob analysis.
Acoustic Wave Reflection from Ferroelastic Domain Walls (1983)

A theoretical model of acoustic plane wave reflection from a ferroelastic domain wall is presented. Values of t he reflection coefficients at normal incidence are calculated for two ferroelastics: Neodymium Pentaphosphate (NPP)l and Gadolinium Molybdate (GMO). Previous work has shown that NPP has an exceptionally l arge reflection coefficient for certain reflection geometries. We attribute the l arge reflection coefficient to a vibrating domain wall. The theory presented in this paper is used to model variable delay lines, bandpass and bandstop filters based on the moving wall concept. 1
Sodium thiosulfonate salts: Molecular and supramolecular structural features and solution radiolytic properties (2011)

Three sodium thiosulfonate salts, NaMeS(2)O(2)·H(2)O, NaPhS(2)O(2) and NaMeC(6)H(4)S(2)O(2) have been prepared by the direct reaction of the sodium sulfinate salts with elemental sulfur, a clean, benign route that produces no by-products. The structures of the phenyl (which crystallised as a hydrate, NaPhS(2)O(2)·1.5H(2)O) and p-tolyl compounds were determined by X-ray crystallography. For the p-tolyl derivative, NaMeC(6)H(4)S(2)O(2), the unexpected coordination of the pendant sulfur atom was found, a feature not reported previously for thiosulfonate salts, and observed only in two of the more common thiosulfate salts. Intermolecular CH/π interactions are postulated to contribute to the driving force of sulfur coordination, otherwise a different orientation of the aromatic rings would be expected. For NaPhS(2)O(2)·1.5H(2)O, the water ligands and thiosulfonate anions each contribute three oxygen atoms to form a NaO(6) coordination sphere. The thiosulfonate and water oxygens bridge to other sodium atoms forming a three-dimensional layer structure consisting of sheets of NaPhS(2)O(2)·1.5H(2)O with a hydrophilic interior layer, comprising the sodium ions, water ligands and -S(2)O(2)(-) groups, and a hydrophobic exterior formed by the phenyl substituent. The structure is further stabilised by an extensive H-bonding network between the ligated water and the non-coordinating thiosulfonate sulfur atom forming part of the hydrophilic layer and by weak intermolecular edge-to-face CH/π interactions between the sheets. Investigation of the radical chemistry of the three salts using pulse radiolysis indicated that oxidation of NaMeS(2)O(2)·H(2)O involves formation of a sulfur-centred radical rather than hydrogen abstraction from the methyl substituent, whereas oxidation of the aromatic ring is the preferred pathway for the phenyl and p-tolyl derivatives.
Phonon-drag thermopower of lateral superlattices: the role of anisotropic scattering (2003)

We have measured the phonon-drag thermopower of a periodically modulated two-dimensional electron gas, and report on a complex series of oscillations developing in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. At low electron density these oscillations are in phase with the commensurability resistance oscillations, however they become increasingly antisymmetrical with respect to B at higher electron density. We are able to explain this magnetic field dependence by proposing that the periodic potential lowers the symmetry of electron–phonon interaction. We calculate the thermopower by solving the Boltzmann equation given an electron–phonon scattering term with two-fold symmetry. Our fit of the experimental curves shows that the Brillouin zone folding enhances the electron–phonon scattering rate by a factor of two along the periodic potential and that a small misalignment (6°) of the heat gradient with the direction of the periodic potential is sufficient to explain the antisymmetrical oscillations. Our experiment demonstrates phonon drag as a very sensitive tool to probe the electronic and vibronic anisotropy in mesoscopic systems.
Design and Validation of a Resonant Multi-Axis Force Sensor for Collaborative Robotics (2021)

This paper presents the design and characterization of a new multi-axis force/torque sensor based on resonant technology. This sensor is capable of simultaneously estimating the three force components as well as the three torque components. It is designed for use in collaborative robotics applications and can be integrated into handles or grippers of robotic manipulators to estimate interactions between robots and humans. Compared to the technologies currently in use and based on strain gauges, this system offers many advantages, particularly in terms of both safety and redundancy. This paper describes the design of this sensor and then compares the prototype to a state-of-the-art commercial sensor. Comparisons show that the proposed technology is at least as efficient as the industrial system, although its dimensions remain slightly larger.
The Possible Role of Competition betweenTrichoderma harzianumandFusarium oxysporumon Rhizosphere Colonization (1989)

Soil was enriched with chlamydospores of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asinfectum and F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis and amended with increasing concentrations of glucose and asparagine. Maximal germination of chlamydospores was obtained in soil amended with 0.4 mg of glucose and 0.8 mg of asparagine per gram of soil. Addition of conidia of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum (T-35) significantly (P=0.05) reduced the chlamydospore germination rate of both Fusaria. (...)
Hardware-oriented Approximation of Convolutional Neural Networks (2016)

High computational complexity hinders the widespread usage of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), especially in mobile devices. Hardware accelerators are arguably the most promising approach for reducing both execution time and power consumption. One of the most important steps in accelerator development is hardware-oriented model approximation. In this paper we present Ristretto, a model approximation framework that analyzes a given CNN with respect to numerical resolution used in representing weights and outputs of convolutional and fully connected layers. Ristretto can condense models by using fixed point arithmetic and representation instead of floating point. Moreover, Ristretto fine-tunes the resulting fixed point network. Given a maximum error tolerance of 1%, Ristretto can successfully condense CaffeNet and SqueezeNet to 8-bit. The code for Ristretto is available.
An Emotion Recognition System for Mobile Applications (2017)

Emotion-aware mobile applications have been increasing due to their smart features and user acceptability. To realize such an application, an emotion recognition system should be in real time and highly accurate. As a mobile device has limited processing power, the algorithm in the emotion recognition system should be implemented using less computation. In this paper, we propose an emotion recognition with high performance for mobile applications. In the proposed system, facial video is captured by an embedded camera of a smart phone. Some representative frames are extracted from the video, and a face detection module is applied to extract the face regions in the frames. The Bandlet transform is realized on the face regions, and the resultant subband is divided into non-overlapping blocks. Local binary patterns' histograms are calculated for each block, and then are concatenated over all the blocks. The Kruskal-Wallis feature selection is applied to select the most dominant bins of the concatenated histograms. The dominant bins are then fed into a Gaussian mixture model-based classifier to classify the emotion. Experimental results show that the proposed system achieves high recognition accuracy in a reasonable time.
Antenna Feeds (2005)

Abstract The term “antenna feeds” describes many types of antennas in common use today. Feeds are a means of supplying energy to (or receiving energy from) a secondary antenna, such as a reflector, lens, or beam waveguide, via a transmission line or waveguide. Everyday applications of antennas with feeds include satellite communications, radar, radio telescopes, deep‐space probes, and terrestrial microwave and millimeter‐wave radiolinks. After a brief historical introduction, the basic characteristics of antenna feeds are explained. Then specific feed types are described under four main headings, namely aperture, linear, traveling‐wave and compound antennas. The approach adopted combines a short description of physical attributes with an outline of possible applications. The class of aperture antennas is the most extensive, and details are given of various circular and rectangular waveguides and horns, self‐supporting feeds, and microstrip patches in feed applications. Linear antenna feeds such as the Yagi–Uda, logperiodic, and zigzag arrays are reviewed and properties of importance highlighted. Under the heading of traveling‐wave antennas, the antennas discussed include the dielectric rod, profiled‐slot, Vivaldi antennas, and linefeed antennas for cylindrical and spherical reflectors. Finally, the antennas covered in the compound feeds category are arrays, beam waveguides, splash plates, and dichroic reflectors. Antenna feeds are linked intrinsically with feed systems, and some examples given are diplexers, beamforming networks, and comparator networks for monopulse tracking. The article concludes with an outline of modern design methods of importance of feed antennas and some predictions of possible future developments.
Intracranial Compliance Is Time-dependent (1987)

Compliance is considered a fundamental characteristic of the intracranial system, is measured by the volume pressure test (VPT), and is considered to be related to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulse pressure (delta Pcsf). This study was carried out to determine the time-dependent relationship of intracranial compliance and the relationship between intracranial pulse pressure and compliance. In nine dogs divided into two groups, the rate of injection of a test volume and the physical compliance of the intracranial system was altered by opening or closing the skull without altering the base line intracranial pressure. The VPT was carried out by three methods: slow infusion--infusion of 0.3 ml at 1.5 to 0.2 ml/second, fast infusion--infusion of 0.2 ml in 0.5 second, and bolus injection--injection of 0.05 ml as rapidly as possible. With the skull closed, there were linear relationships between diastolic CSF pressure (Pcsf-d) and delta Pcsf; Pcsf-d and slow infusion, fast infusion, or bolus injection; and Pcsf-d and CSF respiratory wave amplitude. With the skull open, the linear relationship was retained only for Pcsf-d vs. delta Pcsf and Pcsf-d vs. bolus injection. Furthermore, delta Pcsf amplitude at any level of Pcsf-d was the same whether the skull was open or closed. It is concluded that intracranial compliance can be divided into two components based on the time constant of the injected volume: physical compliance, which has a short time constant and is related to delta Pcsf, and physiological compliance, which has a longer time constant and is related to the VPT.
Effect of hydroxyzine on the transport of etoposide in rat small intestine (2001)

Etoposide, an anti-neoplastic agent and a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), exhibits variable oral bioavailability. P-gp, the multidrug resistance gene (mdr1) product, has been considered as an absorption barrier against intestinal drug absorption. Terfenadine, an antihistamine, has been shown to be a P-gp inhibitor. The current study was designed to assess the effect of hydroxyzine, an antihistamine, on the transport of etoposide in the small intestine. Everted rat gut sacs were used to determine the absorption and exsorption of etoposide under different conditions, as rhodamine 123 was chosen to evaluate the role of P-gp in the drug interaction. The results showed that the transport of etoposide was significantly increased from the luminal site to the serosal site in the jejunum by 2- and 4-fold after 90 min in the presence of hydroxyzine and quinidine, respectively. A similar trend was observed in the ileal sacs. This in vitro exsorption study also demonstrated that hydroxyzine could reduce the efflux of etoposide to the luminal site in either jejunum or ileum. The effect of hydroxyzine on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide differed by the in vivo route of administration, thus assuming clinical importance for chemotherapeutic treatment.