gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estudo de cálice de fundação com ênfase nos esforços nas paredes transversais do colarinho (2009)

This research presents an analysis of socket base connections of precast concrete structures, with emphasis on the efforts of transverse walls. In the experimental program were tested two prototypes subjected to bending with great eccentricity: one with smooth interface, and other with rough interface through shear keys. It adopted a different detail for main vertical reiforcement, concentrating them around the corner, and was adopted for the socket, a thickness small than that recommended by the technical literature. Based on experimental results were performed the analysis of the strenght of prototypes, the deformations of the reinforcement, and the deflection of the walls. It was performed an analysis of experimental results with a design model of the technical literature regarding to the forces resulting in main vertical and horizontal reinforcement located on the transverse walls of socket, considering two different situations of behavior to transverse walls: bending-tension and tension. Analyzing the results, it was verified that the vertical reinforcement located near the corners effectively contributed to the strength of the prototype with smooth interface. It has been proved that the walls were subjected to a bending tension and that the theoretical model applied with 15 % of bending and 85 % of tension gives the best results, when compared with the values obtained experimentally.
Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F:Eu2+—Structure and Luminescence of an Orange Phosphor (2017)

The oxonitridosilicate fluoride phosphor Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F:Eu2+ was synthesized from Si3N4, SrH2, LiNH2, LiF, and EuF3 as dopant in a radio frequency furnace. The crystal structure (space group Pa3̅ (no. 205), a = 10.72830(10) Å, R1 = 0.0401, wR2 = 0.0885, Z = 1) of the host compound Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F was solved and refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F is homeotypic with the nitridosilicate Li2SrSi2N4 as both compounds are characterized by the same tetrahedra network topology, but Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F is an oxonitridosilicate and contains an additional F site. The implemented F is verified by EDX measurements as well as through calculations with PLATON. Besides, the electrostatic consistency of the refined crystal structure is proven by lattice energy calculations. The Eu2+-doped compound Li24Sr12[Si24N47O]F:Eu2+ shows an orange to red luminescence (λmax = 598 nm; fwhm = 81 nm) under excitation with blue light, which differs from that of Li2SrSi2N4:Eu2+ (λem = 613 nm; fwhm = 86 nm) due to the additional F site. According to the blue-shifted emission, application in LEDs for sectors with low CRI is conceivable.
Some aspects of porphyrin neurotoxicity in vitro (1982)

Using a dissociated primary sensory neuron culture system, it is observed that some naturally occurring porphyrins produce dose-dependent neurotoxicity as measured by neuron death and by inhibition of the neurite outgrowth induced by Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). However, the porphyrin precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) is not toxic up to millimolar concentrations within a 30-h time period. Two synthetic porphyrins, tetraphenylporphine sulfonate (TPPS) and hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD), have also been shown to be toxic in vitro. Cultures and cocultures of isolated populations of neurons and glia of central and peripheral nervous system origin may prove advantageous in the study of porphyrin influences on the intact nervous system. This in vitro assay system can complement in vivo paradigms and may be useful for rapid quantitative screening for neurotoxicity of radiation sensitizers including the synthetic porphyrins and other chemotherapeutic agents.
Ti-Al-N Thin Films Prepared by the Combination of Metallorganic Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition of Al and TiN (2003)

Ti-Al-N thin films were synthesized from tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium and trimethylaluminum [TMA, at a low temperature (180°C) using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition. A hydrogen plasma was used as a reducing agent for TMA and to improve film quality. One cycle of Ti-Al-N deposition consisted of TiN and Al steps, and the Ti-Al-N cycles were then repeated until the desired thickness was obtained. The growth rate was saturated at 0.35 nm/cycle, which made it easy to control the film thickness precisely. Ti-Al-N films had excellent surface morphology and good step coverage on a patterned structure, which resulted from the self-limiting surface reactions. Ti-Al-N films are polycrystalline with a hexagonal structure and good oxidation resistance when annealed at 700°C for 30 min. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
NACHO Mediates Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function throughout the Brain (2017)

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) participate in diverse aspects of brain function and mediate behavioral and addictive properties of nicotine. Neuronal nAChRs derive from combinations of α and β subunits, whose assembly is tightly regulated. NACHO was recently identified as a chaperone for α7-type nAChRs. Here, we find NACHO mediates assembly of all major classes of presynaptic and postsynaptic nAChR tested. NACHO acts at early intracellular stages of nAChR subunit assembly and then synergizes with RIC-3 for receptor surface expression. NACHO knockout mice show profound deficits in binding sites for α-bungarotoxin, epibatidine, and conotoxin MII, illustrating essential roles for NACHO in proper assembly of α7-, α4β2-, and α6-containing nAChRs, respectively. By contrast, GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors are unaffected consistent with NACHO specifically modulating nAChRs. NACHO knockout mice show abnormalities in locomotor and cognitive behaviors compatible with nAChR deficiency and underscore the importance of this chaperone for physiology and disease associated with nAChRs.
Supplemental S-3 from The Inhibitory Signaling Receptor Protocadherin-18 Regulates Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Function (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Expression of immune cell molecules in wild type and pcdh 18 -/- CD8+ T spleen cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis of Resveratrol Using a Direct Decarbonylative Heck Approach from Resorcylic Acid. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Symposium on 'Morphology and Physiology of Semicircular Canal Ampulla'. Complex carbohydrates. Structure and function with respect to the glycoconjugate composition of the cupula of the semicircular canals. (2001)

The review briefly describes the structure and function of complex carbohydrates of glycoproteins and proteoglycans both in general and with particular respect to the potential roles sugar chains may play in the cupula, i.e. the molecular organization of these constituents, their biophysical properties, and their biological functions.
Abnormal behaviors in the calibration curves of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry occurring in the quantitative analysis of surfactants near critical micelle concentrations (2020)

Surfactants, including quaternary ammonium compounds, are widely used in daily life as part of consumer chemical products and, more recently, in the shale oil industry. Because of their unique amphiphilic properties, surfactants form micelles at concentrations above a certain threshold known as the critical micelle concentration (CMC). A previous electrospray ionization mass spectrometry studies conducted by Siuzdak et al. and others presented indirect evidence regarding micelle formation. Herein, we have used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to explore how such micelle formations affect the quantitative analysis of surfactants. Results reveal abnormal behaviors in the calibration plots of a few selected anionic and cationic surfactants, such as sodium decyl sulfate (SDeS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), myristyltrimethylammonium bromide (MTAB), and benzyldimethyloctadecylammonium chloride (BAC-18). At concentrations close to the respective CMCs of these surfactants, the calibration plot for MTAB flattened, whereas the slopes of the calibration plots for SDeS, SDS, and BAC-18 suddenly changed. These abnormal behaviors can be related to micelle formation. From a practical perspective, the above observations suggest that in the quantitative analysis of surfactants, high micelle concentrations close to the CMC should be avoided to obtain accurate surfactant measurements.
MicroRNAs in melanoma development and resistance to target therapy (2017)

microRNAs constitute a complex class of pleiotropic post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in the control of several physiologic and pathologic processes. Their mechanism of action is primarily based on the imperfect matching of a seed region located at the 5' end of a 21-23 nt sequence with a partially complementary sequence located in the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. This leads to inhibition of mRNA translation and eventually to its degradation. Individual miRNAs are capable of binding to several mRNAs and several miRNAs are capable of influencing the function of the same mRNAs. In recent years networks of miRNAs are emerging as capable of controlling key signaling pathways responsible for the growth and propagation of cancer cells. Furthermore several examples have been provided which highlight the involvement of miRNAs in the development of resistance to targeted drug therapies. In this review we provide an updated overview of the role of miRNAs in the development of melanoma and the identification of the main downstream pathways controlled by these miRNAs. Furthermore we discuss a group of miRNAs capable to influence through their respective up- or down-modulation the development of resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
Interface energetics in organo-metal halide perovskite-based photovoltaic cells (2014)

Direct and inverse photoemission spectroscopies are used to determine materials electronic structure and energy level alignment in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite layers grown on TiO2. The results provide a quantitative basis for the analysis of perovskite-based solar cell performance and choice of an optimal hole-extraction layer.
On the Dynamic Data-Driven Simulation of Coupled Models (2011)

Dynamic Data-Driven Application Systems – DDDAS – appear as a new paradigm in the field ofapplied sciences and engineering, and in particular in simulation-based engineering sciences. ByDDDAS we mean a set of techniques that allow the linkage of simulation tools with measurementdevices for real-time control of systems and processes.DDDAS entails the ability to dynamically incorporate additional data into an executing application,and in reverse, the ability of an application to dynamically steer the measurement process. DDDASneeds for accurate and fast simulation tools making use if possible of off-line computations forlimiting as much as possible the on-line computations.We could define efficient solvers by introducing all the sources of variability as extra-coordinates inorder to solve off-line only once the model to obtain its most general solution to be then consideredin on-line purposes. However, such models result defined in highly multidimensional spacessuffering the so-called curse of dimensionality.We proposed recently a technique, the Proper Generalized Decomposition – PGD-, able tocircumvent the redoubtable curse of dimensionality. The marriage of DDDAS concepts and tools andPGD off-line computations could open unimaginable possibilities in the field of dynamics data-driven application systems.In this work we explore some possibilities in the context of coupled models. The parametricmodeling of coupled models constitutes an opportunity for addressing on-line inverse analysis ofoptimization of usual multiphysics models. In our former works we have investigates the DDDASapplied to linear [1] or non linear [2] dynamical systems as well as to models described by linear ornon-linear partial differential equations [3]. In the present work we generalized the approach foraddressing coupled models.
Quantitative analysis of N-terminal valine peptide adducts specific for 1,2-epoxy-3-butene (2020)

Butadiene (BD) metabolism shows gender, species and concentration dependency, making the extrapolation of animal results to humans complex. BD is metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 2E1 to three epoxides, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene (EB), 1,2;3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) and 1,2-epoxy-butanediol (EB-diol). For accurate risk assessment it is important to elucidate species differences in the internal formation of the individual epoxides in order to assign the relative risks associated with their different mutagenic potencies. Analysis of N-terminal globin adducts is a common approach for monitoring the internal formation of BD derived epoxides. Our long term strategy is to develop an LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous detection of all three BD hemoglobin adducts. This approach is modeled after the recently reported immunoaffinity LC–MS/MS method for the cyclic N,N-(2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-butadyil)-valine (pyr-Val, derived from DEB). We report herein the analysis of the EB-derived 2-hydroxyl-3-butenyl-valine peptide (HB-Val). The procedure utilizes trypsin hydrolysis of globin and immunoaffinity (IA) purification of alkylated heptapeptides. Quantitation is based on LC–MS/MS monitoring of the transition from the singly charged molecular ion of HB-Val (1–7) to the a1 fragment. Human HB-Val (1–11) was synthesized and used for antibody production. As internal standard, the labeled rat-[13C515N]-Val (1–11) was prepared through direct alkylation of the corresponding peptide with EB. Standards were characterized and quantified by LC–MS/MS and LC–UV. The method was validated with different amounts of human HB-Val standard. The recovery was >75% and coefficient of variation <25%. The LOQ was set to 100 fmol/injection. For a proof of principal experiment, globin samples from male and female rats exposed to 1000 ppm BD for 90 days were analyzed. The amounts of HB-Val present were 268.2 ± 56 and 350 ± 70 pmol/g (mean ± S.D.) for males and females, respectively. No HB-Val was detected in controls. These data are much lower compared to previously reported values measured by GC–MS/MS. The difference may be due higher specificity of the LC–MS/MS method to the N-terminal peptide from the α-chain versus derivatization of both α- and β-chain by Edman degradation, and possible instability of HB-Val adducts during long term storage (about 10 years) between the analyses. These differences will be resolved by examining recently collected samples, using the same internal standard for parallel analysis by GC–MS/MS and LC–MS/MS. Based on our experience with pyr-Val adduct assay we anticipate that this assay will be suitable for evaluation of HB-Val in multiple species.
Distinguishing malignant from benign microscopic skin lesions using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (2018)

Detection of microscopic skin lesions presents a considerable challenge in diagnosing early-stage malignancies as well as in residual tumor interrogation after surgical intervention. In this study, we established the capability of desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) to distinguish between micrometer-sized tumor aggregates of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), a common skin cancer, and normal human skin. We analyzed 86 human specimens collected during Mohs micrographic surgery for BCC to cross-examine spatial distributions of numerous lipids and metabolites in BCC aggregates versus adjacent skin. Statistical analysis using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (Lasso) was employed to categorize each 200-µm-diameter picture element (pixel) of investigated skin tissue map as BCC or normal. Lasso identified 24 molecular ion signals, which are significant for pixel classification. These ion signals included lipids observed at <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> 200-1,200 and Krebs cycle metabolites observed at <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> < 200. Based on these features, Lasso yielded an overall 94.1% diagnostic accuracy pixel by pixel of the skin map compared with histopathological evaluation. We suggest that DESI-MSI/Lasso analysis can be employed as a complementary technique for delineation of microscopic skin tumors.
A novel device for collecting and dispensing fingerstick blood for point of care testing (2017)

The increased world-wide availability of point-of-care (POC) tests utilizing fingerstick blood has led to testing scenarios in which multiple separate fingersticks are performed during a single patient encounter, generating cumulative discomfort and reducing testing efficiency. We have developed a device capable of a) collection of up to 100 μL of fingerstick blood from a single fingerstick by capillary action, and b) dispensing this blood in variable increments set by the user. We tested the prototype device both in a controlled laboratory setting and in a fingerstick study involving naive device users, and found it to have accuracy and precision similar to a conventional pipettor. The users also found the device to be easy to use, and recommended minor ergonomic improvements. Our device would allow performance of multiple POC tests from a single fingerstick blood sample, thus providing a novel functionality that may be of use in many testing settings worldwide.
American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology and the National Institutes of Health Explore Research Collaboration (2005)

Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease: January 2006 - Volume 10 - Issue 1 - p 1-2 doi: 10.1097/01.lgt.0000197396.90375.3d
Ethanol Dehydration Using Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Polymer Membranes (2010)

This paper describes the development of membranes based on perfluoro polymers for the separation of aqueous ethanol mixtures in pervaporation or vapor permeation mode. Hydrophobic perfluoro polymers were selected because their chemical and thermal stability allows them to be used at temperatures up to 130 °C in hot ethanol/water vapors. The permeance and selectivity of membranes made from these polymers are quite different from the properties of the cross-linked hydrophilic membranes that are commonly used to separate water/ethanol mixtures. Perfluoro polymers absorb less than 1% liquid in mixtures ranging from pure water to pure ethanol. As a result, the water permeance and water/ethanol selectivity of the membranes are essentially independent of feed water/ethanol composition. However, the water permeances of perfluoro membranes are low for commercial applications. Multilayer composite membranes, consisting of a perfluoro protective layer and a selective hydrophilic polymer underlayer, have the stability of hydrophobic perfluoro membranes combined with the high permeances and good selectivities of hydrophilic membranes.
Validation of an Immunoassay for Measurement of Plasma Total Homocysteine (1999)

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an evolving cardiovascular risk factor. It is imperative that a simple, precise, and accurate assay be available in the clinical laboratory. The aim of this study was to evaluate an automated fluorescence polarization immunoassay for homocysteine. The assay had excellent precision at normal and high levels (intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation < 5%). The method was linear from 0.24 to 50 mumol/L and displayed good correlation with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. There was no significant interference detectable in icteric and hyperlipidemic samples, but hemolysis resulted in a significant negative bias. While homocysteine levels were not increased in smokers, patients with renal failure had significantly higher levels compared with control subjects. This automated assay requires no sample preparation, displays excellent precision, shows good correlation with HPLC, and, thus, is favored over HPLC for use in the clinical laboratory. The main indications for measuring plasma homocysteine levels will be in the early diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency, patients with cardiovascular disease and few or no established risk factors, and patients with unexplained venous thromboembolic disease.
Toxicologic studies in growing sheep fed silage corn cultured on municipal sludge‐amended acid subsoil (1982)

Field corn was grown on subsoil, pH 5.5, that had been amended with 100 dry tons per acre (224 metric tons per hectare) of municipal sewage sludge from Syracuse, New York. The corn plants containing 3.88 ppm dry weight of cadmium were field‐chopped and ensiled, and the silage was fed to growing sheep for 225 d. The sheep fed the sludge‐grown corn silage showed a significantly (1) higher feed efficiency, (2) higher hepatic microsomal p‐nitroanisole O‐demethylase activity, and (3) higher concentrations of cadmium in liver and kidney and nickel in kidney as compared to the control animals. No significant treatment effects were observed in mutagenic responses for animal feed or feces samples. No consistent treatment effects were noted during histopathologic examination of sheep tissues.
Conceptual designs of 300-TW and 800-TW pulsed-power accelerators (2013)

Summary form only given. We have developed conceptual designs of two next-generation petawatt-class pulsed-power accelerators. The designs are based on the architecture described in Ref. [1]. The prime power source of both designs is a system of lineartransformer drivers (LTDs) [2,3]. Both designs use six water-insulated radial-transmission-line impedance transformers [1,4,5] to transport the power generated by the LTDs to a six-level vacuum-insulator stack. The stack is connected to six radial magnetically insulated transmission lines (MITLs); the MITLs are joined in parallel at small radius by a triple-post-hole vacuum convolute [6–9]. The convolute delivers the combined power of the six MITLs to a single short MITL that transmits the power to the load. The first accelerator will generate a peak electrical power of 300 TW, and deliver an effective peak current of 50 MA to a z pinch that implodes in 130 ns. This accelerator is 35 m in diameter, and will fit within the existing Z-accelerator building. The second, which is 52 m in diameter, will generate 800 TW, and deliver an effective peak current of 66 MA to a pinch that implodes in 120 ns. Both accelerators will allow high-energy-density physics experiments to be conducted over heretofore inaccessible parameter regimes.
Oral delivery of GLP-1R agonist by an engineered probiotic yeast strain has anti-obesity effects in mice (2022)

Abstract Obesity is rapidly increasing within the global population and is one of the leading causes of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for treating T2D and obesity. However, the route of administration of the GLP-1R agonists is currently by injection or high oral dosages of the therapeutic combined with absorption enhancers. Oral delivery of GLP-1R agonists remains the preferred administration route due to convenience and high patient compliance. Thus, strategies to improve the oral delivery of this therapeutic are needed. In this study, we engineered the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii strain to produce Exendin-4, a GLP-1R agonist, in the gastrointestinal tract to reduce the adverse effects of diet-induced obesity in male C57BL/6 mice. The biological efficiency of the secreted Exendin-4 from S. boulardii was characterised ex vivo on isolated pancreatic islets, demonstrating induced insulin secretion. Furthermore, in vivo characterisation of the engineered strain identified a synergistic effect of cold exposure and Sb-Exe4 by successfully inhibiting appetite and promoting body weight loss under cold exposure (8°C). In addition, the combination of cold and Sb-Exe4 improved the glucose and lipid homeostasis in the mice by increasing the circulating glucagon level and reducing the inflammatory marker TNF-α. Our results demonstrate that S. boulardii can be genetically modified to secrete and deliver active therapeutic GLP-1R agonists in the gastrointestinal tract improving the metabolism of the host.