gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physiologic Cold Shock Increases Adherence ofMoraxella catarrhalisto and Secretion of Interleukin 8 in Human Upper Respiratory Tract Epithelial Cells (2009)

Moraxella catarrhalis, a major nasopharyngeal pathogen of the human respiratory tract, is exposed to rapid and prolonged downshifts of environmental temperature when humans breathe cold air. In the present study, we show that a 26 degrees C cold shock up-regulates the expression of UspA1, a major adhesin and putative virulence factor of M. catarrhalis, by prolonging messenger RNA half-life. Cold shock promotes M. catarrhalis adherence to upper respiratory tract cells via enhanced binding to fibronectin, an extracellular matrix component that mediates bacterial attachment. Exposure of M. catarrhalis to 26 degrees C increases the outer membrane protein-mediated release of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 8 in pharyngeal epithelial cells. Furthermore, cold shock at 26 degrees C enhances the binding of salivary immunoglobulin A on the surface of M. catarrhalis. These data indicate that cold shock at a physiologically relevant temperature of 26 degrees C affects the nasopharyngeal host-pathogen interaction and may contribute to M. catarrhalis virulence.
Unified approach to determination of modes in cylindrical cavities axisymmetrically loaded with dielectrics (1987)

Based on a variational expression, a unified approach for the determination of all modes in cylindrical cavities axisym-metrically loaded with dielectrics is presented. This approach employs one-dimensional finite-element basis functions along the r-axis, and uses a penalty term to alleviate the resulting spurious modes. Using this technique, the resonant frequencies of several cavities are calculated.
Application of proxy technology in power system operation and maintenance auditing system (2012)

With the in-depth development of the electric power information technology, the operation and maintenance of equipment and software become more complex; the technique requirement becomes more and more difficult, and the security risks expose. The safe operation of the power enterprise information systems, not only directly relates to business efficiency, but also affects the power production and national economic construction. Because of these problems in the operation and maintenance operations, we propose audit system based on the bastion host with proxy technology to monitor and audit the operation of daily operation and maintenance, and effectively address the potential safety hazard.
<title>Advances in pulsed thermography</title> (2001)

The use of pulsed thermography as an NDE solution for manufacturing and in-service applications has increased dramatically in the past five years, enabled by advances in IR camera and computer technology. However, the basic approaches to analysis and processing of pulsed thermographic data have remained largely unchanged. These methods include image averaging, subtraction, division, slope calculation and contrast methods (e.g. peak contrast and peak slope time mapping). We have developed an alternative approach to analysis of pulsed thermographic data, based on developing a parametric equation for the time history of each pixel. The resulting synthetic image provides increased spatial and temporal resolution, and significantly extends the range of defect depths and sample configurations to which pulsed thermography can be applied. In addition, our approach reduces the amount of data that must be manipulated and stored, so that an entire array of image sequences from a large structure can be processed simultaneously.
Efficient rate control for JPEG-2000 (2006)

In this paper, we present two new methods for efficient rate control and entropy coding in lossy image compression using JPEG-2000. These two methods enable significant improvements in computation complexity and power consumption over the traditional JPEG-2000 algorithms. First, we propose a greedy heap-based rate-control algorithm (GHRaC), which achieves efficient postcompression rate control by implementing a greedy marginal analysis method using the heap sort algorithm. Second, we propose an integrated rate-control and entropy-coding (IREC) algorithm that reduces the computation complexity of entropy coding by selectively entropy coding only the image data that is likely to be included in the final bitstream, as opposed to entropy coding all image data. Together, these two methods enable significant savings in computation time and power consumption. For example, the GHRaC method demonstrates 16 /spl times/ speedup for rate control when encoding the Lena color image using a target compression ratio of 128:1, one quality layer, and code blocks of 32 /spl times/ 32 pixels. The IREC method expands upon GHRaC to perform entropy coding in conjunction with rate control. Using an enhanced version of IREC, these two methods jointly achieve a speedup in execution time of 14 /spl times/ over traditional rate control and entropy coding, which first entropy codes all image coefficients and then separately performs postcompression rate control using the generalized Lagrange multiplier method to select which data are included in the final bitstream. Both theoretical analysis and empirical results are presented in validating the advantages of the proposed methods.
Supplementary Methods, Tables S1 - S2, S4, Figures S1 - S11 from Tracking the Genomic Evolution of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma through Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods Supplementary Table S1 - Sequencing coverage for tumor regions and germline samples Supplementary Table S2 - Clinical characteristics of patients with EAC Supplementary Table S4 - Annotation of chromosomal segments that overlap with TCGA ESCA recurrent amplifications and tumor regions in our EAC cohort Supplementary Figure S1 - Mutations identified using M-seq compared with a single biopsy Supplementary Figure S2 - Relationship of intratumor heterogeneity and response to NAC treatment Supplementary Figure S3 - Tumor Phylograms Supplementary Figure S4 - Copy number events lead to mutational heterogeneity Supplementary Figure S5 - Heatmap of the all driver mutations identified across all tumor regions Supplementary Figure S6 - Driver mutations identified using M-seq compared with a single biopsy Supplementary Figure S7 - Copy number states across the genome for each tumor region Supplementary Figure S8 - Chromosome view of chromosome 19, tumor sample EAC017, region R1, demonstrating chromothripsis Supplementary Figure S9 - wGII scores for the TCGA ESCA cohort and M-seq EAC cohort Supplementary Figure S10 - The trinucleotide context for temporally dissected combined EAC cohort Supplementary Figure S11 - Assessing copy number heterogeneity using a minimum consecutive segment method&lt;/p&gt;
Towards a Mobile Peer-to-Peer Service Platform (2007)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology is regarded as being disruptive for traditional fixed and mobile operators. However, it can also be considered as an opportunity for new ways of service provisioning. On the one hand, P2P concepts allow a more efficient usage of existing platform resources through relying on existing infrastructure including even the customer equipment and thus provide a cheap service platform. On the other hand, P2P technology brings new business opportunities through extending the service portfolio to user provided services and to ubiquitous environments. Along these lines, we outline in this paper the requirements and building blocks for a P2P based service platform for mobile environments. In addition to P2P lookup and information distribution, these building blocks include reliability, controllability, bootstrapping, reputation management, which address operator specific requirements in particular. Mobile networks pose severe challenges to a P2P service platform in terms of heterogeneous devices and access connections and frequent user joins and leaves. We present a hierarchical P2P system as a core component for a P2P service platform addressing those problems
[An improved auto-correlation method for Doppler fetal heart rate measurement]. (2001)

It is very important to monitor the fetal heart rate in the clinical management of pregnancies antenatally. The most commonly employed non-invasive method uses Doppler ultrasound. Because of the complexity of Doppler fetal signals, the signal processing is difficult. In this paper, we describe an improved method for the determination of fetal heart rate from Doppler ultrasound signals. Using an exponentially weighted auto-correlation technique with an automatic adaptation algorithm, we have developed the method which can provide accurate fetal heart rate records, especially in the cases of reduced signal and loss of signal.
Using a cell image classification workflow to identify cells based on fluorescence localization (2023)

Traditional fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is commonly used to purify desired cell populations from the bulk cell suspension with high throughput. However, there are many biological applications that are not possible on FACS because they require imaging to classify cell types. One such application is the nuclear translocation assay, where the fluorescent signal moves from the cytosol into the nucleus in activated cells. The total fluorescence signal does not change upon activation so traditionally FACS cannot discern dormant and activated cells. Imaging is required to determine if a cell is activated based on the localization of fluorescence in the cell. With recent development in machine learning, optimized neural networks can learn more effective and compact cell image features than traditional feature design techniques. We have developed a cell image classification workflow that uses unsupervised clustering to identify the subpopulations present in a sample, allows the user to pick which subpopulation to sort, and a supervised classifier that is able to perform real-time cell classification to make sort decisions. We present results applying this workflow to perform a nuclear translocation assay. The nuclear and cytosolic cells were classified with 98.7% precision and 87.4% recall with a latency of &lt;0.4 ms per cell. This accuracy and speed demonstrate that this classification workflow can be used to perform the nuclear translocation assay in an Image Activated Cell Sorter.
Dynamic alveolar mechanics and ventilator-induced lung injury (2005)

The mechanism of alveolar inflation in normal lungs is unclear. Nonetheless, normal alveoli are very stable and change size very little with ventilation. Acute lung injury causes marked destabilization of individual alveoli. Alveolar instability causes pulmonary damage and is believed to be a major component in the mechanism of VILI. Ventilator strategies that reduce alveolar instability may potentially reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with VILI.
Collapse-driven spatiotemporal dynamics of filament formation (2006)

The transition from spatial to spatiotemporal dynamics in Kerr-driven beam collapse is modelled as the instability of the Townes profile. Coupled axial and conical radiation, temporal splitting and X waves appear as the effect of Y-shaped unstable modes, whose growth is experimentally detected.
Aqueous Two‐Phase Emulsion Bioink‐Enabled 3D Bioprinting of Porous Hydrogels (2018)

3D bioprinting technology provides programmable and customizable platforms to engineer cell-laden constructs mimicking human tissues for a wide range of biomedical applications. However, the encapsulated cells are often restricted in spreading and proliferation by dense biomaterial networks from gelation of bioinks. Herein, a cell-benign approach is reported to directly bioprint porous-structured hydrogel constructs by using an aqueous two-phase emulsion bioink. The bioink, which contains two immiscible aqueous phases of cell/gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) mixture and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), is photocrosslinked to fabricate predesigned cell-laden hydrogel constructs by extrusion bioprinting or digital micromirror device-based stereolithographic bioprinting. The porous structure of the 3D-bioprinted hydrogel construct is formed by subsequently removing the PEO phase from the photocrosslinked GelMA hydrogel. Three different cell types (human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts) within the 3D-bioprinted porous hydrogel patterns show enhanced cell viability, spreading, and proliferation compared to the standard (i.e., nonporous) hydrogel constructs. The 3D bioprinting strategy is believed to provide a robust and versatile platform to engineer porous-structured tissue constructs and their models for a variety of applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug development, and personalized therapeutics.
A randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel study to evaluate the efficacy of a freshwater marine collagen on skin wrinkles and elasticity (2020)

Supplementation with VWC was found to be safe and well-tolerated. The results of this study support the use of fish-derived hydrolyzed collagen for the improvement of skin health in an aging population.
Swarm synchronization for multi-recipient multimedia streaming (2009)

IP networks allow constructing versatile device configurations for multimedia streaming. However, the stochastic nature of the packet-switched data transmission may complicate IP-based implementations of some conventional applications such as analog wired transmission of synchronized multi-channel audio. This paper introduces a multimedia streaming system based on the synchronization of multiple playback clients as a dasiaswarmpsila. The proposed dasiaswarm synchronizationpsila mechanism is based on precise clock synchronization with the PTP protocol and adjusting the client-specific sampling rates according to the true playback rates of other clients. A streamlined version of the RTP protocol is employed to minimize playout delay. The proposed system is empirically evaluated in wired Ethernet LAN and in wireless IEEE 802.11g LAN. The experimental results show that in the Ethernet network the proposed streaming system is able to achieve very precise synchronization.
Maximum Values of Frozen Soil’s Depth and Hoar Frost’s Thickness Estimated on the Basis of Extreme Values Theory (2018)

Abstract Extreme climatic phenomena present risk factors for agriculture, health, constructions, etc. and are studied profoundly these past years using extreme value theory. Several relation that describe positive extreme values’ probability Generalized Extreme Value and Gumbel distribution are presented in the article. As a example, we show the maps of characteristic and reference values of the maximum depth of the frozen soil and thickness of hoar-frost with a probability of exceeding per year equal to 0,02, which is equivalent to the mean return interval of 50 years. The obtained results could serve as a base for elaboration of national annexes in constructions.
Antiproliferative Limonoids of a Malleastrum sp. from the Madagascar Rainforest, (2008)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of a Malleastrum sp. afforded three new limonoids, malleastrones A-C ( 1- 3), respectively. Each limonoid contained a rare tetranortriterpenoid skeleton. Structure elucidation of the isolates was carried out by analysis of one- and two-dimensional NMR and X-ray diffraction data. The novel isolates 1 and 2 were tested for antiproliferative activity against a panel of cancer cell lines and exhibited IC 50 values ranging from 0.19 to 0.63 microM.
A high-speed PRBS generator using flip-flops employing feedback for distributed equalization (2014)

This paper presents an inductorless full rate pseudo-random binary sequence generator (PRBSG). Data rate of the PRBSG can be enhanced by 23% using internal pre-emphasis. The technique uses D flip-flops (DFFs) as 1-tap decision feedback equalizers (DFE) to equalize the outputs of the previous DFFs. This makes every DFF a DFE circuit, which is also used as a delay element for the PRBSG. The proposed technique increases the data-rate of the PRBSG significantly with minor increase in area and power. A design methodology to find the feedback factor of pre-emphasis technique using least square estimation is also presented. Post layout simulation in standard 90 nm CMOS technology of the 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> -1 PRBSG confirms operation of the circuit at a data-rate of 13 Gb/s with peak to peak jitter of 8 ps, while consuming 222 mW off a 1 V supply, without using inductors.
Turning the clock forward: New pharmacological and non pharmacological targets for the treatment of obesity (2022)

<strong>Aims: </strong>Obesity and its main metabolic complication, type 2 diabetes, have attained the status of a global pandemic; there is need for novel strategies aimed at treating obesity and preventing the development of diabetes. A healthy diet and exercise are basic for treatment of obesity but often not enough. Pharmacotherapy can be helpful in maintaining compliance, ameliorating obesity-related health risks, and improving quality of life. In the last two decades, the knowledge of central and peripheral mechanisms underlying homeostatic and hedonic aspects of food intake has significantly increased. Dysregulation of one or more of these components could lead to obesity. <strong>Data synthesis: </strong>In order to better understand how potential innovative treatment options can affect obesity, homeostatic and reward mechanisms that regulate energy balance has been firstly illustrated. Then, an overview of potential therapeutic targets for obesity, distinguished according to the level of regulation of feeding behavior, has been provided. Moreover, several non-drug therapies have been recently tested in obesity, such as non-invasive neurostimulation: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation or Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. All of them are promising for obesity treatment and are almost devoid of side effects, constituting a potential resource for the prevention of metabolic diseases. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The plethora of current anti-obesity therapies creates the unique challenge for physicians to customize the intervention, according to the specific obesity characteristics and the intervention side effect profiles; moreover, it allows multimodal approaches addressed to treat obesity and metabolic adaptation with complementary mechanisms.
On the Performance of IRS-Assisted Communications with joint Phase Estimation Errors and Discrete Phase Control (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted communications, the ultimate gain is achieved when the phases of the reflected signals are optimally selected to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, practical hurdles, particularly the imperfect phase estimation and quantization can reduce the potential gain. Therefore, this work aims at evaluating the impact of applying a quantized phase in the presence of phase estimation errors. Towards this goal, we derive the probability density function (PDF) of the estimated quantized phase, then using the sinusoidal addition theorem (SAT), the PDF of the received signal envelope is derived and used to derive closed-form expressions of the symbol error rate (SER) and outage probability (OP). The obtained analytical and simulation results show that the SER and OP jointly depend on the SNR, phase estimation accuracy, number of IRS elements, and number of quantization levels. The imperfect phase and quantization demonstrated several counterintuitive results. In particular, it is shown that increasing the number of IRS elements or the number of quantization levels may degrade the system performance. Moreover, the results reveal that the impact of phase quantization increases as the phase estimation accuracy decreases. The results also show that the performance is susceptible to phase errors with an even number of reflectors and binary quantization levels.&lt;/p&gt;
IL-1B drives opposing responses in primary tumours and bone metastases; harnessing combination therapies to improve outcome in breast cancer (2021)

Breast cancer bone metastasis is currently incurable, ~75% of patients with late-stage breast cancer develop disease recurrence in bone and available treatments are only palliative. We have previously shown that production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1B (IL-1B) by breast cancer cells drives bone metastasis in patients and in preclinical in vivo models. In the current study, we have investigated how IL-1B from tumour cells and the microenvironment interact to affect primary tumour growth and bone metastasis through regulation of the immune system, and whether targeting IL-1 driven changes to the immune response improves standard of care therapy for breast cancer bone metastasis. Using syngeneic IL-1B/IL1R1 knock out mouse models in combination with genetic manipulation of tumour cells to overexpress IL-1B/IL1R1, we found that IL-1B signalling elicited an opposite response in primary tumours compared with bone metastases. In primary tumours, IL-1B inhibited growth, by impairing the infiltration of innate immune cell subsets with potential anti-cancer functions but promoted enhanced tumour cell migration. In bone, IL-1B stimulated the development of osteolytic metastases. In syngeneic models of breast cancer, combining standard of care treatments (Doxorubicin and Zoledronic acid) with the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra inhibited both primary tumour growth and metastasis. Anakinra had opposite effects on the immune response compared to standard of care treatment, and its anti-inflammatory signature was maintained in the combination therapy. These data suggest that targeting IL-1B signalling may provide a useful therapeutic approach to inhibit bone metastasis and improve efficacy of current treatments for breast cancer patients.
The kinase DYRK1A reciprocally regulates the differentiation of Th17 and regulatory T cells (2015)

The balance between Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells critically modulates immune homeostasis, with an inadequate Treg response contributing to inflammatory disease. Using an unbiased chemical biology approach, we identified a novel role for the dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase DYRK1A in regulating this balance. Inhibition of DYRK1A enhances Treg differentiation and impairs Th17 differentiation without affecting known pathways of Treg/Th17 differentiation. Thus, DYRK1A represents a novel mechanistic node at the branch point between commitment to either Treg or Th17 lineages. Importantly, both Treg cells generated using the DYRK1A inhibitor harmine and direct administration of harmine itself potently attenuate inflammation in multiple experimental models of systemic autoimmunity and mucosal inflammation. Our results identify DYRK1A as a physiologically relevant regulator of Treg cell differentiation and suggest a broader role for other DYRK family members in immune homeostasis. These results are discussed in the context of human diseases associated with dysregulated DYRK activity.