gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Quorum Sensing vs. Quorum Quenching: A Battle With No End in Sight (2018)

This book has been written by well known scientists across globe. The editor is meticulously divided the book into seven parts comprising of 31 chapters that focus on the following aspects: (i) QS mediated processes, (ii) QS Systems in Microbes, (iii) Detectors for QS Signals, (iv) Natural QSIs, (v) Synthetic QSIs, (vi) Alternative Strategies as QSIs, (vii) Biotechnological Applications of QSIs. “Quorum Sensing vs Quorum Quenching: A Battle with No End in Sight” edited by Vipin Chandra Kalia (2015) is not only compiled the dispersed pieces of literature but also provided in-depth knowledge of QS mechanisms, strategies to inhibit QS. The most excellent thing about this book is that the assembled chapters have been written in a very easy and beautiful manner by eminent scientists from around the world in the respective area.
Implementing Adaptive Performance Management in Server Applications (2007)

Performance and scalability are critical quality attributes for server applications in Internet-facing business systems. These applications operate in dynamic environments with rapidly fluctuating user loads and resource levels, and unpredictable system faults- Adaptive (autonomic) systems research aims to augment such server applications with intelligent control logic that can detect and react to sudden environmental changes. However, developing this adaptive logic is complex in itself. In addition, executing the adaptive logic consumes processing resources, and hence may (paradoxically) adversely effect application performance. In this paper we describe an approach for developing high-performance adaptive server applications and the supporting technology. The Adaptive Server Framework (ASF) is built on standard middleware services, and can be used to augment legacy systems with adaptive behavior without needing to change the application business logic. Crucially, ASF provides built-in control loop components to optimize the overall application performance, which comprises both the business and adaptive logic. The control loop is based on performance models and allows systems designers to tune the performance levels simply by modifying high level declarative policies. We demonstrate the use of ASF in a case study.
Causality of the Brane Universe (2001)

Causal structure of the brane universe with respect to null geodesics in the bulk spacetime is studied. It is pointed out that apparent causality violation is possible for the brane universe which contains matter energy. It is also shown that there is no "horizon problem" in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker brane universe.
Effects of Mg on the electrical characteristics and thermal stability of MgxZn1−xO thin film transistors (2011)

The effects of the Mg composition (x=0, 0.06, and 0.10) on the electrical characteristics and thermal stability of MgxZn1−xO thin film transistors (TFTs) are investigated. The Mg0.06Zn0.94O TFT shows the smallest subthreshold slope and highest field effect mobility. The O1s spectra of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate that the oxygen vacancies are reduced in Mg0.06Zn0.94O relative to a pure ZnO channel device. Mg0.06Zn0.94O TFTs also show higher thermal stability compared to the pure ZnO TFTs, which is mainly attributed to the suppression of oxygen vacancies in the channel.
Minimum exergy requirements for the manufacturing of carbon nanotubes (2010)

The purpose of this paper is to address both the high values, and the large variation in reported values for the energy requirements for the production of carbon nanotubes. The paper includes an estimate of the standard chemical exergy for single walled carbon nanotubes, as well as a historical look at how the minimum physical flow exergy improved as the HiPco process developed.
Einfache Synthese von 4‐(Heteroarylmethyl)phenolen und deren Acylierung (1980)

Abstract 4‐Hydroxybenzaldehyd (1) wird mit Acetessigester (2a) oder Acetylaceton (2b) zu 3a bzw. 3b kondensiert, die zu den 2‐(4‐Hydroxybenzyl)‐1,3‐dicarbonylverbindungen 4a bzw. 4b hydriert werden. Diese liefern mit Hydrazinen oder Hydroxylamin die 4‐(4‐Pyazolylmethyl)phenole 5 bzw. das 4‐(4‐Isoxazolylmethyl)phenol 6 . Aus 4a und Acetamidin wird 5‐(4‐Hydroxybenzyl)‐2,6‐dimethyl‐4‐pyrimidinol (7a) erhalten. Bei der Acylierung mit Methylisocyanat reagieren 5 sowie 7a unter Veresterung der phenolischen Hydroxygruppe. Säurechloride verestern dagegen die Pyrazol‐OH‐Gruppe. Beim 4‐(3,5‐Dimethyl‐4‐pyrazolylmethyl)phenol (5a) hängt der Vorrang von O ‐ oder N ‐Acylierung von der eingesetzten Base ab.
Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) zur Beurteilung von dezellularisierten Aortenprothesen im Großtiermodell (2012)

Ziele: Prothetische Materialien zum Ersatz von erkrankten Aortenabschnitten sind limitiert durch Fehlen einer Windkesselfunktion, eingeschränkte Handhabbarkeit von Infektionen und fehlendes physiologisches Remodelling/Wachstum. Dezellularisierte, allogene Grafts, die in vivo mit den Zellen des Empfängers besiedelt werden, könnten eine Alternative darstellen. Allerdings ist die initial eingeschränkte mechanische Stabilität der dezellularisierten Grafts eine Gefahr für Aneurysmabildung, Dissektion oder Ruptur. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die in vivo-Funktion verschiedener dezellularisierter Aortenprothesen mit MRT untersucht. Methode: In 12 Schafen wurden 5cm der absteigenden Aorta thoracica durch allogene, dezellularisierte, zur Prothese vernähten Aorten- und Pulmonalarteriensegmente ersetzt. Bei 6 Tieren wurden die Grafts zusätzlich mit einer Fluor beschichteten, starren Magnesiumspange stabilisiert (Mg-Gruppe). Einen Monat postoperativ erfolgte die Beurteilung der Prothesendurchmesser mittels MRT. Ergebnis: In der Vergleichsgruppe (ohne Magnesiumspange) verstarb ein Tier 5 Tage postoperativ durch Ruptur des pulmonalarteriellen Segmentes. Im Gegensatz zur Mg-Gruppe wurde in der Vergleichsgruppe bereits intraoperativ eine Aufweitung des pulmonalarteriellen Segmentes beobachtet. Die MRT zeigte 1 Monat postoperativ zwischen den beiden Gruppen keinen Unterschied der Durchmesser im dezellularisierten Aortensegment (14,95±2,20mm vs. 14,44±0,42mm, p=0,628), jedoch einen signifikanten Unterschied im dezellularisierten Pulmonalissegment (20,53±3,34mm vs. 15,55±2,05mm, p=0,017). Entsprechend waren nur in der Vergleichsgruppe die Durchmesser der dezellularisierten Pulmonalissegmente signifikant größer als die der nativen Aorta (20,53±3,34mm vs. 13,67±1,42mm, p=0,003). Schlussfolgerung: Die Entwicklung regenerativer, biologischer Aortenprothesen mittels Tissue Engineering erscheint möglich. Nur die Mg-Gruppe zeigt 1 Monat postoperativ eine ausreichende Stabilität der dezellularisierten Pulmonalissegmente.
Snapshot MR Technique to Measure OEF Using Rapid Frequency Mapping (2014)

Magnetic resonance (MR)-based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurement techniques that use blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-based approaches require the measurement of the R2' decay rate and deoxygenated blood volume to derive the local oxygen saturation in vivo. We describe here a novel approach to measure OEF using rapid local frequency mapping. By modeling the MR decay process in the static dephasing regime as two separate dissipative and oscillatory effects, we calculate the OEF from local frequencies measured across the brain by assuming that the biophysical mechanisms causing OEF-related frequency changes can be determined from the oscillatory effects. The Parameter Assessment by Retrieval from Signal Encoding (PARSE) technique was used to acquire the local frequency change maps. The PARSE images were taken on 11 normal volunteers, and 1 patient exhibiting hemodynamic stress. The mean MR-OEF in 11 normal subjects was 36.66±7.82%, in agreement with positron emission tomography (PET) literature. In regions of hemodynamic stress induced by vascular steal, OEF exhibits the predicted focal increases. These preliminary results show that it is possible to measure OEF using a rapid frequency mapping technique. Such a technique has numerous advantages including speed of acquisition, is noninvasive, and has sufficient spatial and temporal resolution.
DETERMINATION OF CELL ORIGIN AFTER MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN CANINES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND QUANTITATION OF THE ZFY/ZFX GENES1 (1998)

Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism detection of the ZFY and ZFX genes was found to be simple, accurate, and reliable for assessing engraftment in dogs. When compared with cytogenetic analysis, this method was found to be faster to perform, more capable of detecting lower levels of microchimerism, and useful for detecting donor-derived cells in stored specimens and in tissues other than peripheral blood or bone marrow.
Determination of manogram quantities of simple and complex cyanides in water (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of manogram quantities of simple and complex cyanides in waterPeter D. Goulden, Badar K. Afghan, and Peter. BrooksbankCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 11, 1845–1849Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60319a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60319a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanism analysis and experiment on the garlic directional control based on fluid solid coupling (2016)

How to realize the garlic seed direction control is the bottleneck problem of the garlic mechanical sowing in our country. Proposed garlic direction control method by using water based on the theory of fluid coupling, and its controlling mechanism is analyzed and tested. Through theory analysis, suitable water control rules to the body shape is on the tip of a coarse, left and right side symmetry, dorsal flap is lanceolate; Design test device, test the performances of the water control method, 98.5% rule body can erect in control the direction cup, satisfy the garlic planting requirements. This study provides reference for the design of the garlic direction controller.
Pigmentation effects of blue light irradiation on skin and how to protect against them (2020)

Abstract Background Visible light, in particular blue light, has been identified as an additional contributor to cutaneous photoageing. However, clinical studies demonstrating the clear effect of blue light on photoageing are still scarce, and so far, most studies have focused on broad‐spectrum visible light. Although there is evidence for increased skin pigmentation, the underlying mechanisms of photoageing in vivo are still unclear. Furthermore, there is still a need for active ingredients to significantly protect against blue light‐induced hyperpigmentation in vivo . Our study had two aims: to detect visible changes in skin pigmentation following repeated irradiation of the skin with LED‐based blue light and to reduce pigmentation using suitable active ingredients. Method We conducted a randomized, double‐blind and placebo‐controlled clinical study on 33 female volunteers with skin phototypes III and IV. We used a repetitive blue light (4 × 60 J cm −2 , 450 nm) irradiation protocol on the volunteers’ inner forearms. Using hyperspectral imaging, we assessed chromophore status. In addition, we took chromameter measurements and photographs to assess visible hyperpigmentation. Results We measured significant changes in chromophore status ( P &lt; 0.001 vs baseline), that is of melanin, haemoglobin and oxygen saturation, immediately after blue light irradiation. In addition, we found visible skin colour changes which were expressed by a significant decrease in ITA° values (delta ITA° = −16.89, P &lt; 0.001 vs baseline for the placebo group) and an increase in a * (delta a * = +3.37, P &lt; 0.001 vs baseline for the placebo group) 24 h post‐irradiation. Hyperpigmentation and skin reddening were mitigated by both a formulation containing 3% of a microalgal product and a formulation containing 3% niacinamide. Conclusion Our study sets out an efficient and robust protocol for investigating both blue light‐induced cutaneous alterations, such as changes in skin chromophores, and signs of photoageing, such as hyperpigmentation. Moreover, we have shown evidence that both an extract of the microalga Scenedesmus rubescens and niacinamide (vitamin B3) have the potential to protect against blue light‐induced hyperpigmentation.
Association and Guest-induced Dissociation of a Novel α-Helix Peptide Bearing Pyrene and γ-Cyclodextrin in the Side Chains (2000)

Abstract A designed α-helix peptide, γ-PR17, which bears γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) and pyrene units, exhibits both monomer and excimer emissions, indicating that γ-PR17 forms an association dimer that could be dissociated upon addition of hyodeoxycholic acid as a guest for γ-CD.
Mulibrey nanism: clinical features and diagnostic criteria (2004)

Mulibrey nanism (MUL) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the TRIM37 gene encoding the peroxisomal TRIM37 protein of unknown function. In this work, we analysed the clinical characteristics of 85 Finnish patients with MUL, most of whom were homozygous for the Finn major mutation of TRIM37. The patients' hospital records from birth to the time of the diagnosis at age 0.02-52 years (median 2.1 years) were retrospectively analysed. All except four of the patients (95%) had a prenatal onset growth failure without postnatal catch up growth. The mean length standard deviation score (SDS) was -3.1 and -4.0 at birth and at diagnosis, respectively. In infancy, feeding difficulties, and respiratory tract infections were the most common problems. Congestive heart failure and pericardial constriction were diagnosed during infancy in 12% and 6% of the patients, respectively. At the time of the diagnosis, characteristic craniofacial features of scaphocephaly, facial triangularity, high and broad forehead, and low nasal bridge were evident in over 90% of the patients. In addition, practically all patients were gracile and had thin extremities. Other findings included a peculiar high-pitched voice (96%), yellowish dots in ocular fundi (79%), cutaneous naevi flammei (65%), hepatomegaly (45%), and fibrous dysplasia of long bones (25%). Mild muscular hypotonicity (68%) was the only neurological abnormality. The clinical features of the Finnish patients with MUL formed a distinct entity. The most consistent findings were growth failure and characteristic craniofacial features. However, organ manifestations varied considerably in early childhood. Based on these findings, we propose new diagnostic criteria for MUL.
Synthesis of Anisolylated Aspartyl and Glutamyl Tripeptides (1996)

A process has been developed for transforming the beta-carboxyl of aspartate and the gamma-carboxyl of glutamate into anisolyl ketones. These ketones are occasional byproducts in peptide synthesis, resulting from deprotection or resin-removal processes in the presence of anisole as a scavenger. The ketone amino acids have been incorporated in a tripeptide by coupling with CBMIT. During peptide bond formation the keto group of the glutamyl residue required protection, which was provided as the ethylene dithioketal.
Threshold switching in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (1982)

Threshold switching is observed in n+-i-n+ sandwich structures of hydrogenated amorphous silicon after an initial forming process. At the threshold voltage the device switches from a low conductance to a high conductance state. The devices remain stable after more than 109 switching operations at a pulse frequency of 10 kHz. It is suggested that in the high conductance state filamentary conduction occurs in a permanent altered region created during the forming process.
The anatomy of the intrinsic musculature of the tongue in the early human fetus: Part I. M. Longitudinalis Superior (1978)

M. longitudinalis superior of the tongue was examined histologically in early (15-week) fetal specimens (N = 28). Its points of attachment and relationships are described and compared with corresponding features in the adult. This study, in particular, clarifies the relationship of the two longitudinal muscles (superior and inferior) in the tip of the tongue as well as the demarcation between the superior longitudinal and hypglossal muscles in the root of the tongue.
Specific deuteration of a trimannoside confirms the existence of a disputed interresidue nuclear Overhauser enhancement. (1986)

The relative orientation of the 3-arm of N-linked glycans in solution can be determined, in part, by two interresidue nuclear Overhauser enhancements. The existence of one of these enhancements, that observed to the H5 proton of the (alpha 1,3)-linked mannose (attached to the core beta-linked mannose) upon irradiation of the beta-linked mannose H2 proton, has been disputed by other investigators (Homans, S. W., Dwek, R. A., Fernandes, D. L., and Rademacher, T. W. (1983) FEBS Lett. 164, 231-235). To demonstrate unequivocally the existence of this interresidue enhancement, we have synthesized a mannotrioside to model the corresponding moiety in N-linked glycans. Just as in N-linked glycans, the disputed enhancement cannot be directly observed due to spectral overlap with other enhancements but is detectable by careful quantitative analysis. By employing specifically deuterated derivatives of the mannotrioside, however, the disputed enhancement can be directly visualized.
ATR kinase inhibition induces unscheduled origin firing through a Cdc7-dependent association between GINS and And-1 (2017)

ATR kinase activity slows replication forks and prevents origin firing in damaged cells. Here we describe proteomic analyses that identified mechanisms through which ATR kinase inhibitors induce unscheduled origin firing in undamaged cells. ATR-Chk1 inhibitor-induced origin firing is mediated by Cdc7 kinase through previously undescribed phosphorylations on GINS that induce an association between GINS and And-1. ATR-Chk1 inhibitor-induced origin firing is blocked by prior exposure to DNA damaging agents showing that the prevention of origin firing does not require ongoing ATR activity. In contrast, ATR-Chk1 inhibitor-induced origins generate additional replication forks that are targeted by subsequent exposure to DNA damaging agents. Thus, the sequence of administration of an ATR kinase inhibitor and a DNA damaging agent impacts the DNA damage induced by the combination. Our experiments identify competing ATR and Cdc7 kinase-dependent mechanisms at replication origins in human cells.
The Influence of Chinese Stress on English Pronunciation Teaching and Learning (2013)

Stress is one of the key suprasegmentals in English sound system. It plays an important role in intelligibility and comprehensibility. However, stress often poses problems for Chinese EFL Learners. Chinese learners of English often misplace the stress in English words and sentences which subsequently may interrupt the flow of communication and lead to unintelligibility. Therefore, the correct placement of stress is a main concern in EFL speech intelligibility and training, and it is particularly important for Chinese learners of English because they have a drastically different stress system in their native language. There is evidence to suggest that the transfer of native language sound systems is one of the major reasons for foreign language pronunciation errors. This paper examines the differences between Chinese and English stress. Based on such contrastive analysis of English and Chinese stress, experiments are conducted to investigate the reasons for Chinese EFL learners’ pronunciation difficulties in English stress, and finally implications for English pronunciation teaching are drawn.
Synthesis and Characterization of Soluble Oligo(9,10‐anthrylene)s (1994)

Abstract A homologous series of oligo(9,10‐anthrylene)s up to the heptamer have been synthesized by reductive coupling of quinones with lithioanthrylenes, followed by reductive aromatization of the intermediate hydroxy species. The method used allows the introduction of different alkyl substituents, which ensure sufficient solubility of the newly synthesized anthrylene systems in common organic solvents. The solid‐state conformations of trimers 4 and 5 have been established by X‐ray structure analysis; UV/Vis‐spectroscopic investigations in solution reveal the anthracene moieties in 9,10‐anthrylenes to exist as electronically independent electrophores. The trianthrylenes can be subjected to electrophilic substitution which regioselectively provides e.g. 10‐bromo‐ and 10,10″‐dibromo derivatives. These bromides can easily be converted into the corresponding cyano compounds. Under the influence of potassium hydroxide in quinoline the trimer 5 partially cyclizes to helianthrene compounds.
Synthesis and cellular uptake of cell delivering PNA–peptide conjugates (2005)

The synthesis and cellular uptake of fluorescently labelled PNA-peptide conjugates is described; Dde/Mmt protected PNA monomers, fully orthogonal to Fmoc chemistry, were used to develop a flexible strategy to give Peptide Nucleic Acids conjugated to tri- and hepta-arginine and the short basic Tat(48-57) peptide as examples of cellular penetrating peptides, thereby allowing efficient cellular delivery of PNA into cells.
ChemInform Abstract: New Chiral Isoquinolinium Salt Derivatives from Chiral Primary Amines via Zincke Reaction. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integrated spatiotemporal transcriptomic resolution of embryonic palate osteogenesis (2023)

The differentiation of osteoblasts and the subsequent formation of bone marks an important terminal phase in palate formation that leads to the separation of the oral and nasal cavities. While the developmental events that precede palatal osteogenesis are well explored, major gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that lead to the bony union of fusing palatal shelves. Herein, the timeline of osteogenic transcriptional programming is unveiled in the embryonic palate by way of integrated bulk, single-cell, and spatially resolved RNA-seq analyses. We define spatially restricted expression patterns of key marker genes, both regulatory and structural, that are differentially expressed during palatal fusion, including the identification of several novel genes ( <i>Deup1, Dynlrb2, Lrrc23</i> ) spatially restricted in expression to the palate, providing a relevant framework for future studies that identify new candidate genes for cleft palate anomalies in humans as well as the timing of mammalian embryonic palatal osteogenesis.