gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polysome-CAGE of TCL1-driven chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealed multiple N-terminally altered epigenetic regulators and a translation stress signature (2022)

The transformation of normal to malignant cells is accompanied by substantial changes in gene expression programs through diverse mechanisms. Here, we examined the changes in the landscape of transcription start sites and alternative promoter (AP) usage and their impact on the translatome in TCL1-driven chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Our findings revealed a marked elevation of APs in CLL B cells from Eµ-Tcl1 transgenic mice, which are particularly enriched with intra-genic promoters that generate N-terminally truncated or modified proteins. Intra-genic promoter activation is mediated by (1) loss of function of 'closed chromatin' epigenetic regulators due to the generation of inactive N-terminally modified isoforms or reduced expression; (2) upregulation of transcription factors, including <i>c-Myc</i>, targeting the intra-genic promoters and their associated enhancers. Exogenous expression of <i>Tcl1</i> in MEFs is sufficient to induce intra-genic promoters of epigenetic regulators and promote <i>c-Myc</i> expression. We further found a dramatic translation downregulation of transcripts bearing CNY cap-proximal trinucleotides, reminiscent of cells undergoing metabolic stress. These findings uncovered the role of <i>Tcl1</i> oncogenic function in altering promoter usage and mRNA translation in leukemogenesis.
Rethinking Multifunction in Three Dimensions for Miniaturizing Electrical Energy Storage (2008)

Electrical energy storage in batteries and electrochemical capacitors (ECs) will be vital for any future success in the global effort to shift energy usage away from fossil fuels. A marked improvement in the performance of these power sources is critical for this effort, yet both are mature technologies with over two centuries worth of chemical energy storage in batteries, while the physical principles underlying storing charge at electrochemical interfaces date to Helmholtz.
Combining the disease risk index and hematopoietic cell transplant co‐morbidity index provides a comprehensive prognostic model for CD34 + ‐selected allogeneic transplantation (2020)

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author, C Cho. In order to protect the privacy of research participants, the data are not publicly available.
Encapsulation of adriamycin in human erythrocytes. (1986)

Adriamycin (doxorubicin) was encapsulated in human erythrocytes by means of a dialysis technique involving transient hypotonic hemolysis followed by isotonic resealing. Up to 1.6 mg of the drug was entrapped per ml of packed erythrocytes, with the efficiency of encapsulation being 60-80%. In vitro incubation of the Adriamycin-loaded erythrocytes in autologous plasma was accompanied by progressive release of unaltered Adriamycin in the medium. The efflux was still evident after 50 hr. The metabolism of encapsulated Adriamycin was restricted to limited formation of the C-13 hydroxylated metabolite, adriamycinol, in the normal erythrocytes but not in erythrocytes from individuals deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (D-glucose-6-phosphate: NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.49) activity. Reductive bioactivation of encapsulated Adriamycin to yield the corresponding aglycones was not observed in a variety of conditions. However, when NADPH ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin, both purified from spinach leaves, were co-entrapped within erythrocytes and allowed to catalyze electron transfer to Adriamycin intracellularly under N2, a quantitative conversion to 7-deoxyadriamycin aglycone was obtained. Adriamycin-loaded erythrocytes did not show any significant oxidative damage, except for a variable increase of methemoglobin, suggesting some redox cycling between native Adriamycin and its semiquinone radical. Encapsulation of Adriamycin in autologous human erythrocytes may represent a therapeutic strategy for the slow release in circulation of this antineoplastic drug in order to reduce or prevent its adverse effects and especially the delayed cardiotoxicity that limits its use in patients with neoplastic disease.
Laser ablation of solid substrates in water and ambient air (2001)

Laser ablation of solid substrates in ambient air and under water is investigated. It is found that the laser ablation rate is highly enhanced by the water film. A wide-band microphone is used to detect the audible acoustic wave generated during laser ablation. Peak-to-peak amplitude of the acoustic wave recorded in water confinement regime (WCR) is greater than that recorded in ambient. It is assumed that the plasma generated in WCR induces a much stronger pressure. This high-pressure, high-temperature plasma results in a much higher ablation rate. Theoretical calculation is also carried out to verify this assumption. By proper calibration, acoustic wave detection can be used as a real-time monitoring of the laser ablation.
Vehicle Detection and Neural Network Application for Vehicle Classification (2011)

In recent years, video processing have been widely used in traffic management. Vehicle detection and vehicle classification using neural network (NN), can be achieved by video monitoring systems. In most vehicle detection methods in the literature, only the detection of vehicles in frames of the given video is emphasized. However, further analysis is needed in order to obtain the useful information for traffic management such as real time traffic density and number of vehicle types passing through roads. This paper presents application of neural network for vehicle detection and classification.
Nonlinear propagation and continuum generation in microstructured optical fibers (2002)

A theoretical investigation of the propagation of femtosecond pulses under conditions similar to those of recent experiments in which a white-light continuum was generated in a microstructured fiber is presented. It is found that higher-order dispersion primarily determines the shape and width of the generated spectrum and that the fine spectral substructure exhibits extreme sensitivity to the initial pulse energy.
Bamboo: The Material of Future (2016)

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Low-complexity par reduction schemes using SLM and PTS approaches for OFDM-CDMA signals (2003)

The paper investigates a peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) reduction scheme employing a simple symbol transform in OFDM-CDMA systems. This approach is very simple because of no additional complexity and works without restriction on the allocation of spreading code, maintaining the original transmission efficiency. Simulation results show that the investigated scheme gives a PAR reduction gain of 2-3 dB compared to the original OFDM and OFDM-CDMA signals, and can provide further PAR reduction by combining the selective mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequence (PTS) schemes, which are less complex compared to the ordinary SLM and PTS approaches.
Interleaving buffer insertion and transistor sizing into a single optimization (1998)

This work presents strategies to insert buffers in a circuit, combined with gate sizing, to achieve better power delay and area-delay tradeoffs. The purpose of this work is to examine how combining a sizing algorithm with buffer insertion will help us achieve better area delay or power-delay tradeoffs, and to determine where and when to insert buffers in a circuit, The delay model incorporates placement-based information and the effect of input slew rates on gate delays. The results obtained by using the new method are significantly better than the results given by merely using a TILOS-like gate sizing algorithm alone, as is illustrated by several area delay tradeoff curves shown in this paper.
Reduced Order Model for Control Applications in Offshore Wind Turbines**This work has been carried out at the Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU AMOS). The Norwegian Research Council is acknowledged as the main sponsor of NTNU AMOS. This work was supported by the Research Council of Norway through the Centres of Excellence funding scheme, Project number 223254 - NTNU AMOS. (2016)

A reduced order model for application in model-based observers and controllers for offshore bottom-fixed wind turbines is developed. The model includes a description of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic loads, drive-train dynamics, a mode-shape based model for the tower and sub-structure, and a description of wind behaviour based on an equivalent wind formulation. An explanation of the main control objectives with corresponding control laws are also included. Models are verified by comparison with results obtained from the software tools USFOS by MARINTEK/NTNU and HAWC2 by DTU wind energy, and they show good agreement.
Copolymerization of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and 2‐phenyl‐1,1‐dicyanoethene (1988)

Abstract Radical copolymerization of N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NVP) with 2‐phenyl‐1,1‐dicyanoethene (PDE) was studied in benzene at 70°C. Terminal, penultimate, and monomer complex participation kinetic models were applied to compositional data for best prediction of the copolymer composition. Both penultimate and complex models described satisfactorily the deviation from the terminal copolymerization model, although the complex model did not predict as well as the penultimate model at high NVP/PDE monomer feed ratios. Copolymerization reactivity ratios r NVP = 0.08 and r′ NVP = 1.8 indicated substantial effect of the penultimate PDE monomer unit associated with polar repulsion of cyano groups. Equilibrium constant of NVP‐PDE comonomer complex formation was found to be 0.08 L/mol as estimated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of PDE's vinylic proton chemical shift upon complexation. Rate constants of propagation reactions were estimated by applying terminal complex copolymerization model.
The Environment Factors Analysis of Electronic Commerce Credit System in China (2003)

This essay raises that the problem of credit lacking is the major reason which hinders the development of electronic commerce in China through investigating the existing environment in our electronic commerce. The credit problem of electronic commerce is showed in three aspects: the reliability of information flow, security of currency payment and the reliability of service and commodity delivery. From the practical environment of the Chinese cultural moral tradition , the planned economy transferring to the market economy and the analysis of the electronic commerce in social environmental system in which the China’s government changes its duty, there are six key system factors will influence the credit environments: technological standardization, laws and regulations, cultural morality, property right institution, government， and information delivery and open scheme. This essay Sets up two models of structure model and dynamic model for electrical commercial credit system analysis. The focus is to discuss the effect of this system factors’ relationship among laws and regulations, credit cultural morality’s influence on electronic commerce, property rights institution and the functions government takes a role in setting up the credit system
First detection of a VHE gamma-ray spectral maximum from a cosmic source: HESS discovery of the Vela X nebula (2006)

The Vela supernova remnant (SNR) is a complex region containing a number of sources of non-thermal radiation. The inner section of this SNR, within 2 degrees of the pulsar PSR B0833-45, has been observed by the HESS γ-ray atmospheric Cherenkov detector in 2004 and 2005. A strong signal is seen from an extended region to the south of the pulsar, within an integration region of radius around the position (, J2000.0). The excess coincides with a region of hard X-ray emission seen by the ROSAT and ASCA satellites. The observed energy spectrum of the source between 550 GeV and 65 TeV is well fit by a power law function with photon index and an exponential cutoff at an energy of TeV. The integral flux above 1 TeV is . This result is the first clear measurement of a peak in the spectral energy distribution from a VHE γ-ray source, likely related to inverse Compton emission. A fit of an Inverse Compton model to the HESS spectral energy distribution gives a total energy in non-thermal electrons of ~ erg between 5 TeV and 100 TeV, assuming a distance of 290 parsec to the pulsar. The best fit electron power law index is 2.0, with a spectral break at 67 TeV.
C++ Client Development (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Nokia Service Development API Hello Web Service Example NWSF Service Connection Library Sending Messages to a Web Service NWSF Service Manager Library NWSF Service Description Library NWSF and Identity Policy and Services Configuration NWSF Utility Library Description of wscexample Client Code Test Service Code PhonebookEx Example Application
Some Observations on the Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Sour Gas Environments: Effects of H2S and H2S/CO2/CH4/C3H8 Mixtures (1986)

Experimental results and analyses on the corrosion of carbon steel in simulated aqueous sour gas environments are reported. Tests were performed at temperatures and pressures up to 95 C (203 F) and 4.2 MPa (600 psig), respectively. Detailed thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the experimental data were used to explain the observed corrosion behavior by partial reconstruction of the experimental polarization characteristics from theory. The results suggest that the cathodic polarization characteristics originate in the reduction of H2O, HCO3–, H2S, and HS–, and that corrosion product formations during anodic polarization are preceded by the oxidation of iron to the soluble cation Fe2+.
Preparation, characterization and electroluminescence of ZnS nanocrystals in a polymer matrixi (1997)

ZnS nanocrystals have been synthesized in polymer matrices. Absorption spectrum and small-angle X-ray scattering studies showed that the size of the ZnS nanoparticles wasca. 3.0 nm. Electron diffraction results showed that the ZnS nanocrystals have hexagonal structure. A ZnS nanoparticle/polymer composite as an emitter was used to fabricate a single layer structure electroluminescent device with a low turn-on voltage (≤4 V) and blue electroluminescence was observed at room temperature.
Efficient configuration of optimization algorithms (2022)

We propose a set of capping methods to speed-up the automatic configuration of optimization algorithms. First, we build a performance envelope based on previous executions of known configurations, which defines the minimum required performance for new configurations. Then, we use the performance envelope to evaluate new configurations, stopping poor performers early. We propose different methods to aggregate previous executions into a performance envelope, and evaluate them on several configuration scenarios. The proposed methods produce solutions of the same or better quality as configuring without capping, but reduce the effort required to configure optimization algorithms.
Planck payload module design and performance (2003)

Planck associated to Herschel is one of the next ESA scientific missions. Both satellites will be launched in 2007 on a single ARIANE V launcher to the 2nd Lagrange libration point L2. Planck is a Principal Investigator Survey mission and the Planck spacecraft will provide the environment for two full sky surveys in the frequency range from 30 to 857 GHz. Planck aims to image the temperature anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) over the whole sky with a sensitivity of &Delta;T/T = 2 .10<sup>-6</sup> and an angular resolution of 10 arc-minutes. This will be obtained thanks to a wide wavelength range telescope associated to a cryogenic Payload Module. The Planck mission leads to very stringent requirements (straylight, thermal stability) that can only be achieved by designing the spacecraft at system level, combining optical, radio frequency and thermal engineering. The PLANCK Payload Module (PPLM) is composed of a cryo-structure supporting and a 1.5 m aperture off-axis telescope equipped of two scientific instruments HFI (High Frequency Instrument) and LFI (Low Frequency Instrument). The LFI detectors are based on HETM amplifier technology and need to be cooled down to 20 K. The detectors for the HFI are bolometers operating at 0.1 K. These temperature levels are obtained using 3 different active coolers, a 20K sorption cooler stage, which need pre-cooling stages for normal operation (the coldest one is around 60 K). Finally, the telescope temperature must be lower than 60 K. To meet those requirements, a specific cryo-structure accommodating a multi-stages cryogenic passive radiator has been developed. The design of this high efficiency radiator is basically a black painted open honeycomb surface radiatively insulated from the warm spacecraft by a set of angled shields opened towards cold space, also called "V-grooves". The coldest stage offers a ~1.5 W net cooling capacity around 55 K. Specific design are implemented to guarantee the straylight performance. The impacts of these elements on the Planck straylight performance have been assessed. The Payload Module design, the thermal performances (temperature level and stability) and RF performances as well as the integration logic are presented in this paper.
Structural transformations in adsorbed oxygen layers on Al surfaces observed using optical second-harmonic generation (1991)

Optical second-harmonic generation is used in conjunction with Auger electron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction to study the evolution with temperature of oxygen adsorbed on Al (111), (100), and (110) surfaces. For O2 exposures ranging between 34 and 450 L, the adsorbed oxygen undergoes two distinct transformations. As the specimen is heated in vacuum to 350 °C after exposure to oxygen, the adsorbed oxygen reacts with the metal to form an oxide (Al2O3) phase. Above 350 °C the oxide overlayer breaks up into oxide islands. We propose that the island formation mechanism is triggered by the transformation of amorphous Al2O3 to crystalline Al2O3.
Thermal expansion and piezoelectric response of PZT Channel 5800 for use in low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope designs (1987)

The thermal expansion of the ceramic piezoelectric material PZT Channel 5800 between 2 and 300 K is found to be anisotropic, being negative parallel to the poling direction and positive normal to this direction. The piezoelectric response is temperature dependent, decreasing significantly as the temperature is reduced.
Conversion process for passivating current shunting paths in amorphous silicon alloy solar cells (1988)

A process is described which provides a simple, automatic means for quickly reducing the deleterious effects of shunts in completed thin-film solar cells. The method has been used to passivate current shunting defects in large area, mass produced solar cells made from amorphous silicon alloys. In the passivation process, photovoltaic devices are exposed to an electrochemical bath which selectively converts the top surface conducting oxide to a lesser conducting state at the vicinity of shunts. The process and its utility in repairing defects will be described.
Oligosaccharide conjugates of Bordetella pertussis and bronchiseptica induce bactericidal antibodies, an addition to pertussis vaccine (2011)

Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease that is especially dangerous for infants and children. Despite mass vaccination, reported pertussis cases have increased in the United States and other parts of the world, probably because of increased awareness, improved diagnostic means, and waning vaccine-induced immunity among adolescents and adults. Licensed vaccines do not kill the organism directly; the addition of a component inducing bactericidal antibodies would improve vaccine efficacy. We investigated Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica LPS-derived core oligosaccharide (OS) protein conjugates for their immunogenicity in mice. B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica core OS were bound to aminooxylated BSA via their terminal Kdo residues. The two conjugates induced similar anti-B. pertussis LPS IgG levels in mice. B. bronchiseptica was investigated because it is easier to grow than B. pertussis. Using B. bronchiseptica genetically modified strains deficient in the O-specific polysaccharide, we isolated fractions of core OS with one to five repeats of the terminal trisaccharide, having at the nonreducing end a GlcNAc or GalNAc, and bound them to BSA at different densities. The highest antibody levels in mice were elicited by conjugates containing an average of 8-17 OS chains per protein and with one repeat of the terminal trisaccharide. Conjugate-induced antisera were bactericidal against B. pertussis, and the titers correlated with ELISA-measured antibody levels (r = 0.74). Such conjugates are easy to prepare and standardize; added to a recombinant pertussis toxoid, they may induce antibacterial and antitoxin immunity.
Robust image-domain target tracking and recognition process under heavy urban background clutter conditions (2009)

Time-differencing process, with the help of image registration techniques, is useful for image-domain moving target detection under heavy clutter conditions. Time-differencing between two well-registered image frames can significantly suppress the heavy static background clutter, and thus improve moving target detection. However, we may still lose detection of a moving target from time to time under heavy clutter conditions (Pd &lt; 100%), and also we may lose detection of a moving target when this target stops moving. For example, a moving vehicle will temporarily stop moving in front of a red light or a stop sign. In general, the performance of a conventional tracking process depends on the performance of the detection process. In this paper, we present our newly developed image-domain moving target tracking and process using an adaptive local target correlation tracker. Once we started to track a target, the correlation tracker can continue to track this target, no matter whether we can still detect this target in the future image frames or not. Both single and multiple target tracking capabilities using the correlation tracker have been developed. Furthermore, while continuing to track a moving vehicle, we apply a super-resolution image enhancement (SRIE) process developed at SAIC [1] to improve the vehicle resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for better automatic target recognition (ATR) or human/pilot-monitored recognition performance.