gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moving Away From Error-Related Potentials to Achieve Spelling Correction in P300 Spellers (2014)

P300 spellers can provide a means of communication for individuals with severe neuromuscular limitations. However, its use as an effective communication tool is reliant on high P300 classification accuracies ( > 70%) to account for error revisions. Error-related potentials (ErrP), which are changes in EEG potentials when a person is aware of or perceives erroneous behavior or feedback, have been proposed as inputs to drive corrective mechanisms that veto erroneous actions by BCI systems. The goal of this study is to demonstrate that training an additional ErrP classifier for a P300 speller is not necessary, as we hypothesize that error information is encoded in the P300 classifier responses used for character selection. We perform offline simulations of P300 spelling to compare ErrP and non-ErrP based corrective algorithms. A simple dictionary correction based on string matching and word frequency significantly improved accuracy (35-185%), in contrast to an ErrP-based method that flagged, deleted and replaced erroneous characters (-47-0%) . Providing additional information about the likelihood of characters to a dictionary-based correction further improves accuracy. Our Bayesian dictionary-based correction algorithm that utilizes P300 classifier confidences performed comparably (44-416%) to an oracle ErrP dictionary-based method that assumed perfect ErrP classification (43-433%).
Aortic wall shear stress in bicuspid aortic valve disease—10-year follow-up (2023)

After a ten years' follow-up of patients with isolated BAV disease, indexed aortic diameters did not change in this patient cohort. WSS was lower compared to values generated 10 years earlier. Possibly a drop of WSS in BAV could serve as a marker for a benign long-term course and implementation of more conservative treatment strategies.
Theoretical and numerical study of gratings consisting of periodic arrays of thin and lossy strips (1990)

We start with the study of gratings consisting of periodic arrays of thin lossy strips with arbitrary cross sections. Then we investigate the behavior of such gratings if they are sandwiched between multilayered structures. Taking advantage of theoretical considerations recently published, we propose an approximate method and stress the numerical aspect. The resulting computer code seems interesting mainly for the study of gratings in the far-infrared and microwave ranges.
SAR measurement simulation on urban structures using a FDTD technique (2007)

The purpose of this work is, starting from a close tracking of basic electromagnetic processes, to propose a simulator enabling a better understanding of the radar images of urban areas. An improved understanding of the radar images formation processes in this case should lead to a better knowledge of the potentialities of the SAR imagery of urban areas. With the rapid development of computer, numerical techniques with no physical approximation play more and more important role in some studies such as electromagnetic scattering from urban scene. We argue that finite-difference time domain method (FDTD) is a quite new and promising approach for the propagation in urban areas. In order to numerically evaluate its electromagnetic return to an active microwave sensor, a geometric and electromagnetic model of a typical element of urban structure is presented. It consists of a rectangular parallelepiped whose vertical walls form a generic angle with respect to the sensor line of flight. This parallelepiped is placed on an either smooth or rough surface, to take into account multiple scattering between buildings and terrain. Finally, the above model is used to analyze the field backscattered from a building, as a function of the main scene parameters.
An Integrated System for Modeling, Animating and Rendering Hair (1993)

Abstract There are basically four problems to solve in order to produce realistic animated synthetic actors with hair: hair modeling and creation, hair motion, collision detection and hair rendering. This paper describes a complete methodology to solve these basic four problems. We present how hair styles may be designed with our Hair Styler module. Then we survey the animation model and emphasize a method of collision processing. Finally, we explain how hair may be rendered using an extension of a standard ray‐tracing program. We also show applications of our synthetic actors with various hair styles and different styles of mustaches and beards.
Deryckeet al.Reply: (2000)

A Reply to the Comment by Shiro Hara et al.Received 10 May 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2650©2000 American Physical Society
Les produits laitiers secs, d’une stratégie de report à un marché à forte valeur ajoutée : le point de vue de la Recherche. (2015)

JOURNEE CEREL 2015 « Plus de lait …. Pour quoi faire et Comment faire ?» JEUDI 25 JUIN 2015, AGROCAMPUS OUEST L'objectif des JOURNEES CEREL est de créer une plateforme d'expression des différentes idées, de poser des questions, de partager des options et des analyses de la situation et des perspectives en prenant en compte, la forte diversité de situations, du potentiel de production, l'importance de la filière du point de vue économique, sociale et environnementale.Avec la fin des quotas laitiers, une progression de la collecte de lait est attendue dans l’UE sur un marché communautaire déjà mature. Ce colloque vise à prendre la mesure des évolutions et opportunités de marchés qui se dessinent à l’export.- Quels produits pour quels marchés? : Le point sur les perspectives de valorisation de la matière première lait et les scénarios de développement qu'elles induisent, les tendances de consommation, les adaptations industrielles et débouchés commerciaux à l’export. - La différenciation des systèmes laitiers : Un atout pour réussir ?: Avantages comparatifs des modèles laitiers de l’Ouest pour répondre aux attentes des marchés, à la productivité des systèmes et à l’empreinte C du lait.&lt;br/&gt;JOURNEE CEREL 2015« Plus de lait …. Pour quoi faire et Comment faire ?» JEUDI 25 JUIN 2015, AGROCAMPUS OUEST L'objectif des JOURNEES CEREL est de créer une plateforme d'expression des différentes idées, de poser des questions, de partager des options et des analyses de la situation et des perspectives en prenant en compte, la forte diversité de situations, du potentiel de production, l'importance de la filière du point de vue économique, sociale et environnementale.Avec la fin des quotas laitiers, une progression de la collecte de lait est attendue dans l’UE sur un marché communautaire déjà mature. Ce colloque vise à prendre la mesure des évolutions et opportunités de marchés qui se dessinent à l’export.- Quels produits pour quels marchés? : Le point sur les perspectives de valorisation de la matière première lait et les scénarios de développement qu'elles induisent, les tendances de consommation, les adaptations industrielles et débouchés commerciaux à l’export.- La différenciation des systèmes laitiers : Un atout pour réussir ?: Avantages comparatifs des modèles laitiers de l’Ouest pour répondre aux attentes des marchés, à la productivité des systèmes et à l’empreinte C du lait.
Electro-opto-mechanical oscillator in standard fiber (2017)

Summary form only given. Opto-electronic oscillators (OEOs) are sources of radio-frequency (RF) tones with low phase noise [1], which serve in radars, coherent communication and precision metrology. OEOs consist of hybrid cavities: light is modulated by an RF waveform and propagates over a length of fiber. Light at the fiber output power is detected, and the recovered signal is then fed back to modulate the optical source [1]. Optical fibers support a broad variety of guided acoustic modes, at radio-frequencies between hundreds of MHz and several GHz [2]. These modes may be stimulated by light, and scatter light, in processes known as guided acoustic waves Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) [2]. Photonic crystal fibers and micro-structured fibers, for example, exhibit ultra-high opto-mechanical coupling. GAWBS processes in such fibers were used to obtain self-oscillations and spectral combs generation at radio-frequencies [3,4]. The effect in standard single-mode fiber (SMF), however, is ordersof-magnitude weaker. In this work we report radio-frequency oscillations that are driven by GAWBS in a standard SMF and in a commercially-available, solid-core highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) [5]. To work around to comparatively weak opto-mechanical coupling in SMF, feedback is provided in the form of an OEO cavity. The section of fiber is embedded inside a Sagnac loop configuration [6]. Pump light is modulated and launched into the fiber in one direction. Probe light at a different wavelength propagates inside the loop in both directions. Due to the wavevector matching properties of GAWBS [2,6], the co-propagating probe wave is phase-modulated by guided acoustic waves, whereas the counter-propagating probe wave is unaffected. The phase modulation spectrum consists of a series of narrowband resonances, which match the cut-off frequencies of radial acoustic modes [2,6]. The non-reciprocal phase modulation of the probe wave is converted to an intensity waveform upon detection of the probe wave at the Sagnac loop output. The detected signal is then electrically amplified and used to drive the pump wave modulator. In this manner, an electro-opto-mechanical feedback cavity is established. When the feedback gain is sufficiently high, the noise of RF amplifiers and thermal vibrations of the fiber may be driven to stable oscillations.
Barriers to Clinical Translation with Diagnostic Drugs (2013)

Radioactive imaging agents, like diagnostic drugs generally, undergo a drug development process that parallels that of therapeutic agents, with similar development times but substantially lower development costs and substantially smaller postapproval markets. Although rapid advances in genetic and expression profiling are furthering the development of expensive pharmacotherapies targeted to small patient populations, the commercial development of imaging agents for small patient populations is blocked by the limited revenues available with current per-dose pricing and the relatively small numbers of imaging procedures that would be performed. A wide-ranging discussion on the best approaches to allow new diagnostic imaging agents to become part of the health-care system, and benefit the patient, is needed.
Proposal of tunable demultiplexer based on tapered hollow waveguide with highly reflective multilayer mirrors (2005)

In this paper, the vertical radiation phenomenon from a narrow core tapered hollow waveguide is presented. This would be useful for realizing compact multiplexer/demultiplexers coupled with vertical cavity devices.
A Novel Piggybac Transposon Inducible Expression System Identifies a Role for Akt Signalling in Primordial Germ Cell Migration (2013)

In this work, we describe a single piggyBac transposon system containing both a tet-activator and a doxycycline-inducible expression cassette. We demonstrate that a gene product can be conditionally expressed from the integrated transposon and a second gene can be simultaneously targeted by a short hairpin RNA contained within the transposon, both in vivo and in mammalian and avian cell lines. We applied this system to stably modify chicken primordial germ cell (PGC) lines in vitro and induce a reporter gene at specific developmental stages after injection of the transposon-modified germ cells into chicken embryos. We used this vector to express a constitutively-active AKT molecule during PGC migration to the forming gonad. We found that PGC migration was retarded and cells could not colonise the forming gonad. Correct levels of AKT activation are thus essential for germ cell migration during early embryonic development.
Combined optical tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging of tumor bearing mice (2005)

With the advent of small animal imaging systems, it has become possible to non-invasively monitor the progression of diseases in living small animals and study the efficacy of drugs and treatment protocols. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an established imaging modality capable of obtaining high resolution anatomical images as well as studying cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). Optical tomography, on the other hand, is an emerging imaging modality, which, while much lower in spatial resolution and insensitive to CBF, can separate the effects of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and CBV with high temporal resolution. In this study we present our first results concerning coregistration of MRI and optical data. By applying both modalities to imaging of kidney tumors in mice that undergo VEGF treatment, we illustrate how these imaging modalities can supplement each other and cross validation can be performed.
MR-compatible, 3.8 inch dual organic light-emitting diode (OLED) in-bore display for functional MRI (2018)

We have constructed and evaluated the MR compatible, dual OLED display for fMRI studies. The proposed OLED display provides the benefits of high resolution, wide visual angle, and high contrast video images during fMRI exams.
Mixed Alkali Metal Cages Containing the Cap-shaped [S(NtBu)3]2− Triazasulfite Dianion (1998)

The triazasulfite [Li4{(NtBu)3S}2] cage type structure incorporates two molecules of MOtBu (M = Na, K) by formal cleavage of four Li−N bonds, rotation of one cap with respect to the other by 180°, and coordination of a [(thf)M(OtBu)2]− ion at the positive Li4 site and of a [M(thf)]+ ion at the negative N4 site.
Determining the Cause of Vulvovaginal Symptoms (2008)

Both patients and clinicians may incorrectly diagnose vulvovaginitis symptoms. Patients often self-treat with over-the-counter antifungals or home remedies, although they are unable to distinguish among the possible causes of their symptoms. Telephone triage practices and time constraints on office visits may also hamper effective diagnosis. This review is a guide to distinguish potential causes of vulvovaginal symptoms. The first section describes both common and uncommon conditions associated with vulvovaginitis, including infectious vulvovaginitis, allergic contact dermatitis, systemic dermatoses, rare autoimmune diseases, and neuropathic vulvar pain syndromes. The focus is on the clinical presentation, specifically 1) the absence or presence and characteristics of vaginal discharge; 2) the nature of sensory symptoms (itch and/or pain, localized or generalized, provoked, intermittent, or chronic); and 3) the absence or presence of mucocutaneous changes, including the types of lesions observed and the affected tissue. Additionally, this review describes how such features of the clinical presentation can help identify various causes of vulvovaginitis.
Consensus and Tools Needed to Measure Health Care Emergency Management Capabilities (2009)

There is no widely accepted, validated framework of health care emergency management capabilities (HEMCs) that can be used by facilities to guide their disaster preparedness and response efforts. We reviewed the HEMCs and the evaluation methods used by the Veterans Health Administration, The Joint Commission, the Institute of Medicine Metropolitan Medical Response System committee, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of Health and Human Services to determine whether a core set of HEMCs and evaluative methods could be identified.Despite differences in the conceptualization of health care emergency management, there is considerable overlap among the agencies regarding major capabilities and capability-specific elements. Of the 5 agencies, 4 identified occupant safety and continuity of operations as major capabilities. An additional 5 capabilities were identified as major by 3 agencies. Most often the differences were related to whether a capability should be a major one versus a capability-specific element (eg, decontamination, management of resources). All of the agencies rely on multiple indicators and data sources to evaluate HEMCs. Few performance-based tools have been developed and none have been fully tested for their reliability and validity. Consensus on a framework and tools to measure HEMCs is needed.
Attention deficit hyperactive disorder: Issues for special educators (1994)

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a relatively common disorder affecting mainly male children and which may seriously impact on the life of the individual and produce wider negative social effects. Despite being identified for the greater part of this century, many aspects of its major characteristics, aetiology, assessment and treatment are unresolved, and some, especially the medication treatment option, are highly controversial. The anticipated publication of the DSMIV with altered categorisation and diagnostic criteria may initially lead to further confusion. This paper reviews and consolidates the research currently available, describes the DSM IV classifications and indicates best practice procedures for assessment and treatment
A contextual dissimilarity measure for accurate and efficient image search (2007)

In this paper we present two contributions to improve accuracy and speed of an image search system based on bag-of-features: a contextual dissimilarity measure (CDM) and an efficient search structure for visual word vectors. Our measure (CDM) takes into account the local distribution of the vectors and iteratively estimates distance correcting terms. These terms are subsequently used to update an existing distance, thereby modifying the neighborhood structure. Experimental results on the Nister-Stewenius dataset show that our approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of accuracy. Our efficient search structure for visual word vectors is a two-level scheme using inverted files. The first level partitions the image set into clusters of images. At query time, only a subset of clusters of the second level has to be searched. This method allows fast querying in large sets of images. We evaluate the gain in speed and the loss in accuracy on large datasets (up to 500k images).
Interaction of the Sympathetic Nerve with Pancreatic Cancer Cells Promotes Perineural Invasion through the Activation of STAT3 Signaling (2013)

Perineural invasion (PNI) is one of the most important causes of local recurrence and poor survival in pancreatic cancer. However, the exact mechanism of PNI is still not clear. In this study, we sought to identify the reciprocal signaling interactions between sympathetic nerves and pancreatic cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms. We used mouse dorsal root ganglia and pancreatic cancer cells cocultured in vitro, cellular and molecular biology, and animal models to evaluate the function of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) in PNI progression and pathogenesis. NE promoted PNI of pancreatic cancer cells and increased levels of phosphorylated STAT3 in a concentration-dependent manner. NE-mediated activation of STAT3 was inhibited by blocking β-adrenergic receptors (AR) and by blocking protein kinase A, but not through blocking α-AR. Blocking STAT3 could inhibit NE-induced NGF, MMP2, and MMP9 expression and attenuate the migratory, invasive ability and PNI of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, PNI of pancreatic cancer cells was blocked by treatment with a STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor in vivo. These studies show that NE plays a critical role in pancreatic cancer PNI development and progression through the β-AR/PKA/STAT3 signaling pathway. Reciprocal signaling interactions between the sympathetic nerves and pancreatic cancer cells critically contribute to pancreatic cancer PNI pathogenesis. Inhibition of the activity of sympathetic nerves or STAT3 may be potential strategies for pancreatic cancer PNI therapy.
Multiplex detection of agricultural pathogens (2023)

Described are kits and methods useful for detection of seven agricultural pathogens (BPSV; BHV; BVD; FMDV; BTV; SVD; and VESV) in a sample. Genomic sequence information from 7 agricultural pathogens was analyzed to identify signature sequences, e.g., polynucleotide sequences useful for confirming the presence or absence of a pathogen in a sample. Primer and probe sets were designed and optimized for use in a PCR based, multiplexed Luminex assay to successfully identify the presence or absence of pathogens in a sample.
A Fluorescence Selection Method for Accurate Large‐Gene Synthesis (2010)

The fundamental problem for low-cost gene synthesis is errors that occur during the synthetic process. To address this problem, we developed a practical method that exploits the fact that the predominant errors are deletions. In this method, a simple fluorescence-based readout was used to distinguish error-free synthetic DNA molecules. To do this, we constructed vectors that contained multiple cloning sites and GFP. In the vectors, the GFP gene is designed to be out-of-frame, but insertion of an in-framed synthetic DNA construct into the appropriate cloning site will lead to fluorescent cell colonies. We successfully used this method to synthesize five genes and improved the bp per error from 629 to 6552 by selecting green fluorescent colonies.
Humoral and Cellular Responses to Trypanosoma cruzi Infection (1972)

Abstract Cell-mediated immunity is a subject of intense interest in parasitology. Experiments with animals and observations on humans suggest that cell-mediated immunity is involved in protozoal infections (1). The inhibition of leukocyte migration has proved a suitable method for the in vitro study of cellular immunology. Søborg and Bendixen (2, 3) have successfully used this test with human peripheral leukocytes; Rosenberg and David (4) have shown it applicable to soluble antigens. In the present work we have attempted to obtain an in vitro test of the immune mechanisms in American trypanosomiasis. We observed the in vitro migration of peripheral leukocytes from patients with positive serology for Trypanosoma cruzi infection against soluble antigen. Materials and Methods. Blood. Two samples from each of 30 human adults were drawn: one, with heparin (Abbott 5000 U/ml with benzyl alcohol preservative) for the migration test, the other for the serologic tests. The medium was Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS)3 containing 20% frozen human serum. The serum was obtained from two healthy individuals with blood group AB, positive Rh factor, serologic tests being negative for trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis and syphilis. The serum was kept at −70°C until used.