gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Representation Learning with GAN Trained LSTM-LSTM Networks (2020)

Learning robot behaviors in unstructured environments often requires handcrafting the features for a given task. In this paper, we present and evaluate an unsupervised representation learning architecture, Layered Spatiotemporal Memory Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM-LSTM), that learns the underlying representation without knowledge of the task. The goal of this architecture is to learn the dynamics of the environment from high-dimensional raw video inputs. Using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework with the proposed network, this architecture is able to learn a spatiotemporal representation in its lower-dimensional latent space directly from raw input sequences. We show that our approach learns the spatial and temporal information simultaneously as opposed to a two-stage learning approach of alternating between training a Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) and a Long Short-Term Network (LSTM). Furthermore, by using LSTM-LSTM cells that shrink in size with the increase in the number of layers, the network learns a hierarchical representation with a low-dimensional representation at the top layer. We show that this architecture achieves state-of-the-art results with a substantially lower-dimensional representation than existing methods. We evaluate our approach on a video prediction task with standard benchmark datasets like Moving MNIST and KTH Action, as well as a simulated robot dataset.
The Great Island Subgroup of Tick-borne Orbiviruses Represents a Single Gene Pool (1988)

The geographical distribution of members of the Great Island (GI) subgroup in the Kemerovo serogroup of orbiviruses extends from the Arctic to the Sub-antarctic. To examine the gene pool size of this group, five topotypes whose origins ranged from Iceland in the northern hemisphere to Macquarie Island in the Southern Ocean were tested for their ability to reassort in vitro. All the isolates were distinguishable by plaque reduction neutralization tests, and their genome profile in polyacrylamide gels. They showed high frequency reassortment following dual infection of cell cultures with temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants and/or wild-type virus. Analysis of the dsRNA profile of the reassortants by PAGE confirmed the observation from reassortment assays that the Great Island subgroup constitutes a single gene pool. A seventh reassortment group was identified, distinct from the six groups previously described. The ts lesions for reassortment groups I, V and VII were considered to be in genome segments 9, 3 and 2, respectively. Segment 6 of GI virus (in contrast to segment 5 of Broadhaven and Wexford viruses) was shown to be the major genetic determinant of serotype specificity.
Role of Electronic Asymmetry in the Design of New Ligands:  The Asymmetric Hydrocyanation Reaction (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRole of Electronic Asymmetry in the Design of New Ligands: The Asymmetric Hydrocyanation ReactionT. V. RajanBabu and Albert L. CasalnuovoView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 Central Research and Development Experimental Station, The DuPont Company Wilmington, Delaware 19880 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 26, 6325–6326Publication Date (Web):July 3, 1996Publication History Received20 March 1996Published online3 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9609112https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9609112rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1662Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Ligands,Phosphorus,Selectivity,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
A Glimpse into Algorithmic Information Theory (1999)

This paper is a subjective, short overview of algorithmic information theory. We critically discuss various equivalent algorithmical models of randomness motivating a &amp;quot;randomness hypothesis&amp;quot;. Finally some recent results on computably enumerable random reals are reviewed.
P3‐274: The plant‐derived polyphenol tannic acid mitigates Alzheimer‐like pathology (2010)

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis is essential for production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides that form β-amyloid deposits in brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Owing to their anti-amyloidogenic properties, recent focus has been given to a group of naturally occurring polyphenols known as flavonoids. We orally administered the polymeric polyphenol tannic acid to the transgenic PSAPP (APPsw, PSEN1dE9) mouse model of AD and evaluated impact on cognitive impairment and AD-like pathology. Treatment commenced at 6 months of age and was continued for a period of 6 months. Tannic acid administration resulted in significant improvement of transgene-associated behavioral impairment including hyperactivity, impaired object recognition, and defective spatial reference memory, but had no effect on cognitive ability of non-transgenic mice. Furthermore, brain parencymal and cerebral vascular β-amyloid deposits and abundance of Aβ peptides were significantly reduced in tannic acid-treated PSAPP mice. These effects were associated with decreased cleavage of the β-C-terminal APP fragment, reduction of β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 protein expression and activity, attenuated β-amyloid plaque-associated gliosis, and decreased mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α. These results raise the possibility that tannic acid dietary supplementation may be a promising prophylaxis for AD.
The Standard Definition of Creativity (2012)

This Correction focuses on issues surrounding definitions of creativity. No topic is more central to research on creativity. There is a clear need to “correct” at least one all-too-common oversight...
High Sensitivity of Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging for the Detection of Liver Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumors: Comparison with T2-weighted and Dynamic Gadolinium-enhanced MR Imaging (2013)

DW MR imaging was more sensitive for the detection and characterization of liver metastases from NETs than T2-weighted FSE and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging and should be systematically performed.
Effects of beraprost sodium, a stable analogue of prostacyclin, on hyperplasia, hypertrophy and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. (1993)

The effects of beraprost sodium, a stable analogue of prostacyclin, on the syntheses of DNA, protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) were studied. SMC were isolated from the thoracic aorta of male Wistar rats. The syntheses of DNA, protein and GAG of SMC were determined by incorporations of [3H]thymidine, [3H]leucine and [35S]sulfuric acid, respectively. Insulin at a concentration of 10(-6) M stimulated DNA synthesis 4 fold compared to control. Beraprost sodium suppressed the insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis dose-dependently at concentrations greater than 10(-7) M and suppressed it by 68% at 10(-5) M. Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) at a concentration of 20 ng/ml stimulated DNA synthesis 6 fold compared to control. Beraprost sodium suppressed the PDGF-stimulated DNA synthesis dose-dependently at concentrations greater than 10(-7) M and suppressed it by 51% at 10(-5) M. Beraprost sodium suppressed GAG synthesis dose-dependently at concentrations greater than 10(-7) M and suppressed it by 49% at 10(-5) M. However, beraprost sodium at concentrations up to 10(-5) M did not affect protein synthesis. These results indicate that beraprost sodium suppressed the proliferation and GAG synthesis of SMC but did not affect hypertrophy. Beraprost sodium may be a potent antiarteriosclerotic agent through suppression of hyperplasia of SMC and modification of matrix protein.
Mechanisms of hydrogen release in the breakdown of SiO/sub 2/-based gate oxides (2006)

The mechanisms of hydrogen release (HR) involved in the degradation and breakdown (BD) of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -based gate dielectrics are studied by means of the analysis of charge to breakdown (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD </sub> ) data versus electron energy, and comparing with scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiments of H desorption from silicon surfaces. Our results reveal an important role of vibrational and electronic excitation mechanisms
In Defense of a Simplified, Practical Colposcopic Terminology (2018)

Khan, Michelle J. MD, MPH; Massad, L. Stewart MD; Huh, Warner K. MD; Wentzensen, Nicolas MD, PhD, MS Author Information
Blade Modeling of an Axial Flow Fan Under Vibration Constraints: An Experimental and Analytical Investigation (2002)

A fan blade automatic modelling and design technique is proposed. Starting from axial flow fan nominal head H, flow rate Q and revolution speed ω, a numerical constrained optimization procedure is proposed. Fluid-dynamic, as well as geometrical, structural and vibration constraints are taken into account in the evaluation of the optimal objective function. Details of the numerical implementation, as well as results concerning a real application example, are reported and discussed.
Data-Distortion Guided Self-Distillation for Deep Neural Networks (2019)

Knowledge distillation is an effective technique that has been widely used for transferring knowledge from a network to another network. Despite its effective improvement of network performance, the dependence of accompanying assistive models complicates the training process of single network in the need of large memory and time cost. In this paper, we design a more elegant self-distillation mechanism to transfer knowledge between different distorted versions of same training data without the reliance on accompanying models. Specifically, the potential capacity of single network is excavated by learning consistent global feature distributions and posterior distributions (class probabilities) across these distorted versions of data. Extensive experiments on multiple datasets (i.e., CIFAR-10/100 and ImageNet) demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the generalization performance of various network architectures (such as AlexNet, ResNet, Wide ResNet, and DenseNet), outperform existing distillation methods with little extra training efforts.
Multivariate QSAR modelling of the rate of reductive dehalogenation of haloalkanes (1996)

The pseudo first-order rate constants for reductive dehalogenation under anoxic conditions have recently been reported for a series of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. In this paper it is shown that multivariate quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling of these data is possible. Based on a training set of nine compounds and using information from 36 chemical and biological model systems, a QSAR was developed explaining 82% (R2) and predicting 53% (Q2int) of the variation in reductive dehalogenation. The QSAR was calculated using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The derived QSAR was validated using an external validation set of six compounds for which experimentally determined rate constants were available. The external validation showed that the QSAR could predict 62% (Q2ext) of the response variation in the validation set. In addition. the validity of the QSAR was explored using a combination of cross-validation and permutation. Fifty repetitive randomizations of the real response were made and for each resulting reordered response the full PLS analysis was conducted. This yielded 50 pairs of Q2int and Q2ext which were compared with those values of the ‘real’ model. Thus it was demonstrated that the QSAR produced Q2 values significantly exceeding those of the random models and consequently the model was concluded to be valid. The interpretation of the QSAR suggested that the mechanism of reductive dehalogenation involves elements of hydrophobicity and electron transfer processes. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploiting deep neural networks for digital image compression (2015)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being researched and employed as a solution to various image and video processing tasks. In this paper we address the problem of digital image compression using DNNs. We use two different DNN architectures for image compression i.e. one employing the logistic sigmoid neurons and the other engaging the hyperbolic tangent neurons. Experiments show that the network employing the hyperbolic tangent neurons out performs the one with the sigmoid neurons. Results indicate that the hyperbolic tangent neurons not only improve the PSNR of the reconstructed images by a significant 2∼5dB on average but they also converge several order of magnitude faster than the logistic sigmoid neurons.
Site-directed mutagenesis on TEM-1 ß-lactamase: role of Glul66 in catalysis and substrate binding (1991)

Class A beta-lactamases are the major cause of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. In these active-site serine hydrolases, glutamic acid 166 has been hypothesized to act as a general acid-base catalyst. Replacing this residue by tyrosine in TEM-1 beta-lactamase yields an enzyme the activity of which is substantially lowered and strongly dependent on pH, thus confirming the alleged role of Glu166 in catalysis. This substitution also resulted in a spectacular change in substrate profile, the mutant enzyme being more active on cephalosporins than on penicillins. In fact, the E166Y enzyme behaves much like a class C enzyme, with high affinity and low hydrolytic activity towards second and third generation cephalosporins. Glu166 therefore seems to play a major part in defining the substrate profile of class A beta-lactamases.
25-Hydoxyvitamin D levels among healthy Saudi Arabian women. (2008)

Vitamin D deficiency among healthy young Saudi women of 25-35 years was 30% and 55% in women of > or =50 years. This study indicates that hypovitaminosis D is common in young and postmenopausal women. Efforts are require to augment and encouraged women for adequate exposure to sunlight and increased intake of fortified vitamin D products to maintain skeletal health.
HISTOINCOMPATIBILITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO GENES NEAR H-2 THAT ARE NOT REVEALED BY HEMAGGLUTINATION OR CYTOTOXICITY TESTS (1972)

Boyse, Edward A.; Flaherty, Lorraine; Stockert, Elisabeth; Old, Lloyd J. Author Information
Methyl jasmonate alters N partitioning, N reserves accumulation and induces gene expression of a 32‐kDa vegetative storage protein that possesses chitinase activity in Medicago sativa taproots (2004)

This study presents the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on growth, N uptake, N partitioning, and N storage in taproots of non-nodulated alfalfa (cv. Lodi). When compared to untreated plants, addition of 100 micro M MeJA to the nutrient solution for 14 days reduced total growth and modified biomass partitioning between shoots and roots in favour of taproots and lateral roots. MeJA decreased N uptake (after 7 days) and increased N partitioning towards roots after 14 days. This preferential N partitioning to roots was accompanied by increased N storage in taproots as soluble proteins. Compared to total soluble proteins, VSP accumulation occurred earlier (7 days), and was greater (2-fold increase) in plants treated with 100 micro M MeJA. Steady-state transcript levels for two VSPs (32 and 57 kDa) also increased markedly (about 4-fold) in roots of plants treated with 100 micro M MeJA. This suggests that MeJA could act directly (transcriptional regulation) or indirectly (via the changes of N partitioning among alfalfa organs) on N storage as soluble proteins and in particular, VSPs. Because the deduced amino acid sequence of the 32 kDa VSP clone reveals high homology with Class III chitinases, we propose that the 32 kDa VSP may have a role in pathogen defense, in addition to its function as a storage protein.
Text Classification Based on Latent Semantic Indexing and Graph Embedding (2018)

Text classification has become a key technology for processing and organizing large amounts of documents. In order to improve the performance of text classification, we propose a method based on latent semantic indexing and graph embedding technology. The method transforms original document space into semantic feature space by means of latent semantic indexing, and then graph embedding in this space is employed to construct an adjacent graph that reflects semantic similarity between documents and its complementary graph which reflects non-neighboring relationship. The proposed method tries to obtain the global structure and the local structure of documents. Using the k nearest neighbor classifier on 20-Newsgroups dataset, the experimental results show that this method can improve the performance of text classification.
Hydrogène par électrolyse de l’eau (1992)

En fonction des débits souhaités et des disponibilités énergétiques locales, la production d’hydrogène s’effectue selon divers procédés : la décomposition des hydrocarbures par reformage à la vapeur du gaz naturel ou oxydation partielle des coupes pétrolières, du charbon... ; le craquage du méthanol
Redox-Active Concanavalin A: Synthesis, Characterization, and Recognition-Driven Assembly of Interfacial Architectures for Bioelectronic Applications (2010)

The convergence of chemistry, biology, and materials science has paved the way to the emergence of hybrid nanobuilding blocks that incorporate the highly selective recognition properties of biomolecules, with the tailorable functional capabilities of inorganic molecules. In this work, we describe for the first time the decoration of concanavalin A (Con A), a protein with the ability to recognize sugars and form glycoconjugates, with Os(II) redox-active complexes. This strategy enabled the construction of electroactive biosupramolecular materials whose redox potentials could be easily modulated through the facile molecular modification of the electroactive inorganic complexes. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), steady-state fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and differential-pulsed (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to characterize the structural and functional features of the synthesized biohybrid building blocks as well as their respective supramolecular assemblies built up on gold electrodes. By harnessing the electroactive and carbohydrate-recognition properties of these tailor-made biohybrid building blocks, we were able to integrate glucose oxidase (GOx) onto gold electrodes via sugar-lectin interactions. The redox activity of the Os-modified Con A interlayer allowed the electronic connection between the multilayered GOx assemblies and the metal electrode as evidenced by the well-defined bioelectrocatalytic response exhibited by the biomolecular assemblies in the presence of the glucose in solution. We consider that this approach based on the spontaneous formation of redox-active biosupramolecular assemblies driven by recognition processes can be of practical relevance for the facile design of biosensors, as well as for the construction of new multifunctional bioelectrochemical systems.
On the effect of hydrogen incorporation in strontium titanate layers grown by high vacuum magnetron sputtering (1999)

Hydrogen incorporation in strontium titanate thin films grown in a high vacuum environment by rf magnetron sputtering on MgO(001) substrates was investigated by nuclear resonance analysis. The amount of hydrogen in the films is strongly affected by the growth temperature. Films deposited at or below 200 °C have a close-to-amorphous microstructure, are oxygen rich and exhibit hydrogen incorporation up to 0.08 (atomic ratio). As the growth temperature is increased to ⩾250 °C, crystalline growth of stoichiometric SrTiO3 is obtained, with a hydrogen content of 0.006. The results provide evidence that hydrogen incorporation is decisive for the composition as well as the microstructure evolution of the layers.
Activity of the multidrug transporter results in alkalinization of the cytosol: measurement of cytosolic pH by microinjection of a pH-sensitive dye. (1990)

Multidrug-resistant cells contain a plasma membrane efflux pump, the multidrug transporter, which actively expels certain hydrophobic drugs from the cytosol to the cell exterior. These drugs are usually positively charged at physiological pH. Because one might predict that this efflux of positively charged molecules might deplete the cytosol of protons, raising the cytosolic pH, we examined the cytosolic pH of multidrug-resistant cells directly using a pH-sensitive dye coupled to a membrane-impermeable molecule. The dye (SNARF), covalently coupled to 10,000 MW dextran, was mechanically microinjected into the cytosol of cultured multidrug-resistant mouse NIH3T3 cells which express the human multidrug transporter. The fluorescence emission of the dye in living cells was measured using epifluorescence microscopy at different wavelengths to provide a measure of the pH of the cytosolic environment. Multidrug-resistant cells had a higher cytosolic pH than drug-sensitive normal parental cells. As the pH of the culture medium was increased, normal cells maintained their cytosolic pH below 7.0, whereas the cytosolic pH of multidrug resistant cells rose. The difference in cytosolic pH between the two cell types was more than 0.2 pH units at an external culture medium pH of 8.2. Treatment with agents that inhibit multidrug transporter-mediated efflux, such as verapamil and vinblastine, essentially eliminated the elevation of cytosolic pH, presumably because they are good substrates for the pump which overwhelm its capacity to pump other materials. These results suggest that the multidrug transporter is indirectly a proton pump, and that cells may contain an endogenous substrate or substrates for this transporter in the absence of added drugs.
Contour features for colposcopic image classification by artificial neural networks (2003)

Presents colposcopic image classification based on contour parameters used in a comparison study of different artificial neural networks and the k-nearest neighbors reference method. In this study, significant image data bases are used (283 samples) from which a set of original parameters is extracted to characterize the attribute of contour. More precisely, we quantify the notion of sharp contours vs. blurred contours in computing spatial parameters based on the number of small regions near boundaries of objects and frequency parameters based on power spectrum of lines cutting these boundaries. Experimental results show the feasibility of this study and the efficiency of the set of parameters since 95.8% of the contour image set has been correctly classified.