gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Variability in Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Carriers (2012)

The RNFL thickness in LHON carriers, when measured at different time points, has higher variability than in normal subjects. Transitory RNFL swelling may be caused either by compensatory mechanisms (increased mitochondrial biogenesis) or by axonal stasis preceding decompensation of retinal ganglion cells. In both situations, these changes may represent the origin of the visual alterations previously detected in LHON carriers. Alternatively, increased variability of RNFL thickness may be influenced by the LHON microangiopathy, as retinal blood vessels contribute to the OCT RNFL thickness measurements.
P‐200: Evaluation of Different OLED‐Stacks for Active‐Matrix OLED Microdisplays on CMOS‐Substrates (2006)

Abstract Highly efficient, low‐voltage organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are well suitable for the integration into a CMOS‐process. Different OLED‐stacks with doped charge transport layers were prepared on different two metal layer CMOS test substrates without active transistor area. Afterwards, the different test displays were measured and compared with respect to their performance (current, luminance, voltage, luminance dependence on viewing angle, optical outcoupling etc.)
Searching for a Solid-State Terahertz Technology (2007)

Advances in device fabrication are facilitating production and detection of electromagnetic radiation at terahertz frequencies.
Ser 1928 phosphorylation by PKA stimulates the L-type Ca 2+ channel Ca V 1.2 and vasoconstriction during acute hyperglycemia and diabetes (2017)

Hypercontractility of arterial myocytes and enhanced vascular tone during diabetes are, in part, attributed to the effects of increased glucose (hyperglycemia) on L-type Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 channels. In murine arterial myocytes, kinase-dependent mechanisms mediate the increase in Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 activity in response to increased extracellular glucose. We identified a subpopulation of the Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 channel pore-forming subunit (α1<sub>C</sub>) within nanometer proximity of protein kinase A (PKA) at the sarcolemma of murine and human arterial myocytes. This arrangement depended upon scaffolding of PKA by an A-kinase anchoring protein 150 (AKAP150) in mice. Glucose-mediated increases in Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 channel activity were associated with PKA activity, leading to α1<sub>C</sub> phosphorylation at Ser<sup>1928</sup> Compared to arteries from low-fat diet (LFD)-fed mice and nondiabetic patients, arteries from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and from diabetic patients had increased Ser<sup>1928</sup> phosphorylation and Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 activity. Arterial myocytes and arteries from mice lacking AKAP150 or expressing mutant AKAP150 unable to bind PKA did not exhibit increased Ser<sup>1928</sup> phosphorylation and Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 current density in response to increased glucose or to HFD. Consistent with a functional role for Ser<sup>1928</sup> phosphorylation, arterial myocytes and arteries from knockin mice expressing a Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 with Ser<sup>1928</sup> mutated to alanine (S1928A) lacked glucose-mediated increases in Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 activity and vasoconstriction. Furthermore, the HFD-induced increases in Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 current density and myogenic tone were prevented in S1928A knockin mice. These findings reveal an essential role for α1<sub>C</sub> phosphorylation at Ser<sup>1928</sup> in stimulating Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 channel activity and vasoconstriction by AKAP-targeted PKA upon exposure to increased glucose and in diabetes.
Further Development and Clinical Evaluation of the Expanding Aperture Annular Array System (1979)

This paper describes a more sensitive version of the expanding aperture annular array system reported recently. A preliminary clinical evaluation is presented.
Maturation of acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells after CD2 ligation and subsequent treatment with interleukin-2 (1994)

In this study, we have investigated the ability of various cytokines to induce the maturation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells with early T-cell phenotype. Leukemic blasts from 17 untreated T-ALL patients were assayed for their ability to acquire mature T-cell markers, CD3/T-cell receptor (TCR) in particular, after incubation with one or a combination of recombinant human interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, and CD2-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb). IL-7 or IL-2 induced the proliferation of some leukemic cells, whereas sequential cell treatment with CD2-MoAb and then IL-2 promoted CD3/TCR expression on nearly all CD2+ cells (15 of 16), except for 1 T-ALL that developed into CD3-CD16+CD56+ cells. Differentiation of T-ALL cells was also evidenced through the downregulation of CD34 precursor cell antigen, the generation of CD4+ and CD8+ cells from CD4+ CD8+ precursors, and the acquisition of mature T-cell functions. CD2 ligation induced a progressive increase of surface expression of IL-2 receptor alpha (IL- 2R alpha) and IL-2R beta and an accelerated in vitro death of leukemic cells. The ligation of IL-2R by IL-2 rescued T-ALL cells from death and promoted their progression toward more mature cells expressing extracellular CD3/TCR alpha beta complexes. Intracellular analysis indicates that TCR alpha transcription and membrane translocation of both TCR alpha and TCR beta were promoted in these conditions. Analysis of intracellular signals transduced during T-ALL differentiation indicated that CD2-ligation induced Ca2+ influx and that the ligation of CD2 and IL-2R induced distinct tyrosine phosphorylation patterns. The addition of inhibitors of tyrosine phosphorylation abolished T-ALL cell differentiation, which suggests the involvement of tyrosine kinases in this phenomenon. Together, we showed the constant maturation of leukemic early T cells after stimulation of surface CD2 and the high- affinity IL-2R.
Wireless Technology: Protocols, Standards, and Techniques (2001)

PART 1: INTRODUCTION WIRELESS NETWORK Introduction Intelligent Network Network Architecture Protocol Architecture Channel Structure Narrowband and Wideband Systems Multiple Access Summary CELLULAR PRINCIPLES Introduction Cellular Hierarchy System Management System Performance Cellular Reuse Pattern Macrocellular Reuse Pattern Microcellular Reuse Pattern Interference in Narrowband and Wideband Systems Interference in Narrowband Macrocellular Systems Interference in Narrowband Microcellular Systems Interference in Wideband Systems Network Capacity Summary MULTIPLE ACCESS Introduction Signal Domains Duplexing Multiple Access Categories Scheduled Multiple Access Random Multiple Access Controlled Multiple Access Hybrid Multiple Access Summary Part II: 2G SYSTEMS GSM Introduction Features and Services Architecture Multiple Access The Logical Channels Messages Call Management Frequency Hopping Discontinuous Transmission Power Control Spectral Efficiency Summary cdmaONE Introduction Features and Services Architecture Multiple Access Structure The Logical Channels Signaling Format Messages, Orders, and Parameters Messages and Orders and Logical Channels Mobile Station Call Processing Base Station Call Processing Authentication, Message Encryption, and Voice Privacy Authentication Message Encryption Voice Privacy Roaming Handoff Power Control Call Procedures EIA/TIA/IS-95B Summary PART III: WIRELESS DATA WIRELESS DATA TECHNOLOGY Introduction General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) EIA/TIA/IS-95B High Data Rate (HDR) Summary PART IV: 3G SYSTEMS IMT-2000 Introduction Some Definitions Frequency Allocation Features and Services Traffic Classes IMT-2000 System and IMT-2000 Family Specific Functions Network Architecture Physical Entities and Functional Entities Functional Entities and their Interrelations Application of IMT-2000 Family Member Concept Toward 3G Summary UTRA Introduction Network Architecture Protocol Architecture Radio Interface Protocol Architecture Logical Channels Transport channels and Indicators Physical Channels and Physical Signals Mapping of Channels Physical Layer Transmission Chain Channel and Frame Structures Spreading and Modulation Spreading Codes UTRA Procedures Interference Issues Summary cdma2000 Introduction Network Architecture Radio Interface Protocol Architecture Logical Channels Physical Channels Mapping of Channels Achievable Rates Forward Link Reverse Link Forward Physical Channels Reverse Physical Channels High Rate Packet Data Access Summary PART V: APPENDICES OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION SIGNALING SYSTEM NUMBER 7 SPREAD SPECTRUM Correlation Pseudonoise Sequence Walsh Codes Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor Codes Rake Receiver Processing Gain Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum POSITIONING OF THE INTERFERERS IN A MICROCELLULAR GRID Collinear Type Even Noncollinear Type Odd Nonprime Noncollinear Prime Noncollinear
Improvement of Telematics Solution for Motor Insurance in Thailand by 5D Innovation Development Process (2019)

An insurance company in Thailand developed telematics application since 2017, but the number of its users has declined in 2018. A customer survey showed a low level of customer satisfaction and adoption due to difficulty in its usage and low perception of usefulness. Thus, this paper aims to explore the customer requirements and provide the improved version of the telematics application by using the 5D innovation development process (Discover, Define, Design, Develop, and Deploy). In the Discover Phase, the technology acceptance model (TAM) survey and a satisfaction questionnaire regarding hidden customer requirements were conducted. The project charter was used to define and summarize the steps of the management scope and the project timeframe. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and TAM were adapted in the Design Phase, and then all concepts were developed and improved by Pugh Matrix, Weighted Sum Score and customer expectations were translated into product specifications. The Develop Process was to create the prototype demo of the application in order to verify the developing guideline before scaling up. Finally, the feedback from the testing users ensured the effective commercialization of the new version of the telematics application in the Deploy Phase. The newly developed telematics application shows a higher level of customer satisfaction from 3.01 to 4.05. Moreover, the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward using, and intention to use increased by around 7.27%, 4.62%, 0.43%, 35.09%, respectively. The implication of this research was guidance impediments to overcome user satisfaction and adoption improvement of the Telematics application.
Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (2021)

In this trial involving patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, avacopan was noninferior but not superior to prednisone taper with respect to remission at week 26 and was superior to prednisone taper with respect to sustained remission at week 52. All the patients received cyclophosphamide or rituximab. The safety and clinical effects of avacopan beyond 52 weeks were not addressed in the trial. (Funded by ChemoCentryx; ADVOCATE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02994927.).
Non-destructive Inspection of Flip-Chip BGA Solder Ball Defects Using Two Laser Beam Probe Ultrasonic Inspection Technique (2018)

The implementation of surface mount ball grid array (BGA) technologies in microelectronics industry has given way to the manufacturing of even more compact systems with reduced size and pitch of solder bumps that are increasingly challenging to inspect for their quality assurance. Current non-destructive inspection methods such as X-ray, and Acoustic Microscopy techniques have limitations in identifying defects. The low cost, non-destructive Laser Beam Probe Ultrasonic Inspection (LBPUI) technique has the potential to overcome these limitations and enable rapid assessment of chip packages on and off the assembly line. In this study, Flip Chip BGA packages subjected to bend testing are inspected using the LBPUI technique. Two optical fiber probes are used to carry pulsed Nd:YAG laser energy to the surface of the FCBGA package to induce ultrasound in the package. The quality of solder balls are assessed by analyzing the out-of-plane displacement responses on the surface of the package as measured by a laser interferometer. The results from LBPUI technique are validated with the results of destructive cross-sectional analysis.
AURA: Enabling Attribute-Based Spatial Search in RFID Rich Environments (2009)

In this paper, we introduce AURA, a novel framework for enriching the physical environment with information about objects and activities in order to support searches in the physical world. The goal is to enable individuals to use the environment in which they function as a living (short-term) memory of their activities and of the objects with which they interact in this environment. In order to act as a memory, the physical environment must be transparently embedded with relevant information and made accessible by in-situ search mechanisms. We achieve this embedding through innovative algorithms that leverage a collection of parasitic RFID tags distributed in the environment to act as a distributed storage cloud. Information about the activities of the users and objects with which they interact are encoded and stored, in a decentralized way, on these RFID tags to support attribute-based search. A novel auraProp algorithm disseminates information in the environment and a complementary auraSearch algorithm implements spatial searches for physical objects in the environment. Parasitic RFID tags are not self-powered and thus cannot communicate among each other. AURA leverages human movement in the environment to propagate information: as they move in the environment, users not only leave traces (or auras) of their own activities, but also help further disseminate auras of prior activities in the same space. AURA relies on a novel signature based information dissemination mechanism and a randomized information erasure scheme to ensure that the extremely limited storage spaces available on the RFID tags are used effectively. The erasure scheme also helps create an information gradient in the physical environment, which the auraSearch algorithm uses to direct the user towards the object of interest.
Finite-difference time-domain simulation of low-F# Fresnel zone plates coupled to IR antennas (2004)

Fresnel Zone Plate Lenses (FZPLs) have been successfully coupled to infrared (IR) antennas producing a responsivity enhancement of about two orders of magnitude. However, their lateral extension may compromise their applicability in focal-plane-arrays (FPA) IR imagers, where the dimensions of the pixel are constrained by the FPA spacing. When designing optimum-gain FZPLs for FPAs, we are lead to the requirement of FZPLs operating at very low F/#s (marginal rays propagating at a large angle in image space). In this case, Finite-Difference Time-Domain techniques (FDTD) are used to refine the physical-optics modelling results, producing a result closer to the actual case encountered in a high-fill-factor FPA. In this contribution, we analyze the FZPL designs by using FDTD techniques. The main result of the FDTD computation is the gain factor defined as the ratio of the response of the IR antennas coupled with the FZPL, compared to the same antennas without the FZPL.
Breakdown voltage enhancement from channel quantization in InAl/As/n/sup +/-InGaAs HFET's (1992)

In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As/n/sup +/-In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As HFETs have been fabricated with different channel thicknesses. It is shown that by reducing the channel thickness from 350 to 100 AA, the reverse gate breakdown voltage improves from 9 to 19 V. This is partially attributed to the increased effective bandgap that results from energy quantization in the channel. This bandgap enhancement is directly confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) measurements on the same heterostructures. Channel quantization emerges as a promising approach for exploiting the excellent transport properties of InGaAs with high InAs mole fraction. The principle behind the work should be applicable to other narrow-gap semiconductors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Infants' Responsiveness to Fathers' Singing (2001)

Fathers were recorded singing a song once to their infants and once in the absence of their infants. Adults readily identified fathers' infant-directed renditions and rated them as more rhythmic, loving, and appropriate for infants than the infant-absent renditions. Unlike mothers, however, fathers did not consistently raise the pitch of their infant-directed versions. Moreover,infants showed no preference for infant-directed over infant-absent versions unless the infant-directed versions were higher in pitch. Nevertheless, infants showed greater visual attention when listening to fathers' singing than to mothers' singing. The results confirm that a distinctive infant-directed style is used by singing fathers as well as mothers, that pitch height is a salient dimension of songs for infant listeners, and that fathers' singing in general is highly engaging to infant listeners.
Drug Design, Development and Therapy (2012)

Purpose: The goal of this retrospective analysis was to assess how well predictive models could determine which patients would develop liver chemistry signals during clinical trials based on their pretreatment (baseline) information. Patients and methods: Based on data from 24 late-stage clinical trials, classification models were developed to predict liver chemistry outcomes using baseline information, which included demographics, medical history, concomitant medications, and baseline laboratory results. Results: Predictive models using baseline data predicted which patients would develop liver signals during the trials with average validation accuracy around 80%. Baseline levels of individual liver chemistry tests were most important for predicting their own elevations during the trials. High bilirubin levels at baseline were not uncommon and were associated with a high risk of developing biochemical Hy’s law cases. Baseline γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level appeared to have some predictive value, but did not increase predictability beyond using established liver chemistry tests. Conclusion: It is possible to predict which patients are at a higher risk of developing liver chemistry signals using pretreatment (baseline) data. Derived knowledge from such predictions may allow proactive and targeted risk management, and the type of analysis described here could help determine whether new biomarkers offer improved performance over established ones.
[Modulation of dopaminergic receptor sensitivity in the central nervous system: important parameters in synaptic function regulation]. (1979)

Modulation in sensitivity of dopamine receptors in the central nervous system are reviewed. Three main types differing by their behavioural and biochemical characteristics are described: -- Disuse hypersensitivity to dopamine agonists, induced by an interruption of dopaminergic transmission, seems to depend on an increased number of post-synaptic dopamine receptors; -- Hyposensitivity to dopamine agonists, induced by an overstimulation of dopamine receptors, could depend on their qualitative or quantitative modifications; -- Behavioural facilitation, elicited by a previous administration of dopaminergic agonists in low dosage, could be associated with an hyposensitivity of dopaminergic autoreceptors. They seem to constitute important parameters in adaptation of synaptic efficacy in physiological as well as pathological states.
Quantitative investigation of Raman selection rules and validation of the secular equation for trigonal LiNbO3 (2013)

Some theoretical aspects of the vibrational behaviour of trigonal lithium niobate (LiNbO3) are studied and discussed in detail based on spectroscopic experimental assessments. Polarized Raman spectroscopy is systematically applied to retrieve the fundamental parameters governing the dependence of Raman intensity on crystallographic orientation, through quantitating the complete set of individual elements for the second-rank Raman tensors of the LiNbO3 cell (C3v(3m) point group, R3c space group). Moreover, computational algorithms are also explicitly constructed to describe the spectral shifts of the selected Raman bands when subjected to unknown stress fields. Accordingly, we have experimentally confirmed the validity of the secular equation for the trigonal cell and quantitatively substantiated its application through the determination of the full set of phonon deformation potentials for seven independent bands among those available in the LiNbO3 vibrational spectrum. Finally, a brief discussion is offered about the significance of the presented characterizations in the technological field of LiNbO3 devices, including the newly shown possibility of quantitatively and concurrently unfolding from polarized Raman spectra both crystallographic and mechanical information in their vectorial and tensorial nature, respectively.
A Unified Model for Turbulent and Laminar Momentum Transfer: Channel Flow (1976)

An analysis of fully developed, turbulent transitional flow between parallel plates is presented which is based on the modeling of the burst phenomenon. This analysis gives rise to predictions for the mean velocity profile which are in agreement with experimental data near the wall for transitional turbulent flow in a channel with large aspect ratio. Furthermore, predictions for the mean periodicity of wall turbulence are in basic agreement with available data for tube flow.
Yersiniabactin producing AIEC promote inflammation-associated fibrosis in gnotobiotic Il10 −/− mice (2019)

Abstract Fibrosis is a significant complication of intestinal disorders associated with microbial dysbiosis and pathobiont expansion, notably Crohn’s disease (CD). Mechanisms that favor fibrosis are not well understood and therapeutic strategies are limited. Here we demonstrate that colitis susceptible Il10 -deficient mice develop inflammation-associated fibrosis when mono-associated with adherent/invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) that harbor the yersiniabactin (Ybt) pathogenicity island. Inactivation of Ybt siderophore production in AIEC nearly abrogated fibrosis development in inflamed mice. In contrast, inactivation of Ybt import through its cognate receptor FyuA enhanced fibrosis severity. This corresponded with increased colonic expression of profibrogenic genes prior to the development of histological disease, therefore suggesting causality. FyuA -deficient AIEC also exhibited greater localization within sub-epithelial tissues and fibrotic lesions that was dependent on Ybt biosynthesis and corresponded with increased fibroblast activation in vitro . Together, these findings suggest that Ybt establishes a pro-fibrotic environment in the host in the absence of binding to its cognate receptor and indicates a direct link between intestinal AIEC and the induction of inflammation-associated fibrosis.