gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Transcriptional Silencing Domain in DAX-1 Whose Mutation Causes Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita (1997)

The DAX-1 gene encodes an unusual member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Mutations in the human DAX-1 gene cause X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We have shown that DAX-1 binds to hairpin secondary structures and blocks steroidogenesis in adrenal cells via transcriptional repression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) promoter. Here we have investigated the molecular mechanism of DAX-1-mediated repression. We show that the DAX-1 C terminus contains a potent transcriptional silencing activity, which can be transferred to a heterologous DNA-binding domain. Deletion analysis and modeling of DAX-1 structure identify two cooperating domains required for the silencing function, one located within helix H3 and the other within H12. The silencing function is cell- and promoter-specific. Strikingly, two point mutations (R267P and deltaV269) found in adrenal hypoplasia patients impair silencing. These findings suggest that transcriptional silencing by DAX-1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of adrenal hypoplasia congenita.
Diesel soot oxidation and CO emission control during mild DPF Regeneration (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Four perovskite catalysts LaBO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; (B = Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni), also supporting 2% in weight of gold, were prepared via the so-called “&lt;i&gt;Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS)&lt;/i&gt;” method, and characterized by means of XRD, BET, FESEM-EDS, TEM, O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-TPD and CO-TPR analyses. The performance of these catalysts towards the simultaneous oxidation of soot and CO was evaluated. The 2 wt.% Au-LaNiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; showed the best performance with a peak carbon combustion temperature of 431 °C and the half conversion of CO reached at 156 °C. The same nanostructured catalyst, deposited by &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; SCS directly over a SiC filter and tested on real diesel exhaust gases, fully confirmed the encouraging results obtained on the powder catalyst.&lt;/div&gt;
Develop a Professional Visual Basic Application in 14 Days (1995)

From the Publisher:
Develop a Professional Visual Basic Application in 14 Days leads you from the creation of a simple idea to the complete development of a real-world application. Written by a professional developer, this book takes you beyond the basics to the more advanced concepts of development. With Develop a Professional Visual Basic Application in 14 Days, you'll get the information you need to write professional-quality Windows applications. Divided into the steps a developer takes in developing a professional application, Develop a Professional Visual Basic Application in 14 Days covers systems analysis and design, construction, documentation, and implementation. Through hands-on tutorials, you'll discover the process required to turn an idea into a successful Visual Basic application. Debugging sections highlight common problems encountered in the development process and provide suggestions on how to avoid and fix them. Modification Notes are also used to show you how to apply what you've learned to existing applications.
Citron: A Context Information Acquisition Framework for Personal Devices (2006)

This paper describes a context information acquisition framework for a personal device that equips a variety of sensors. The framework captures context information about a user and his/her surrounding environment; and the information is used to adapt the behavior of applications running on the personal device. Our framework adopts the blackboard architecture to execute multiple analysis modules that analyze signals from respective sensors. Respective modules implement different algorithms to complement each other's results to retrieve more accurate and higher abstract context information.
Blast-related fracture patterns: a forensic biomechanical approach (2010)

Improved protective measures and medical care has increased the survivability from battlefield injuries. In an attempt to reduce the debilitating consequences of blast injury, understanding and mitigating the effects of explosion on the extremities is key. In this study, forensic biomechanical analyses have been applied to determine mechanisms of injury after the traumatic event. The aims of this study were (i) to determine which effects of the explosion are responsible for combat casualty extremity bone injury in two distinct environments, namely open, free-field (open group), and in vehicle or in cover (enclosed group), and (ii) to determine whether patterns of combat casualty bone injury differed between environments. Medical records of casualties admitted to a military hospital in Afghanistan were reviewed over a six-month period. Explosive injuries have been sub-divided traditionally into primary, secondary and tertiary effects. All radiographs were independently reviewed by a military radiologist, a team of military orthopaedic surgeons and a team of academic biomechanists, in order to determine 'zones of injury' (ZoIs), and their related mechanisms. Sixty-two combat casualties with 115 ZoIs were identified. Thirty-four casualties in the open group sustained 56 ZoIs; 28 casualties in the enclosed group sustained 59 ZoIs. There was no statistical difference in mean ZoIs per casualty between groups (p = 0.54). There was a higher proportion of lower limb injuries in the enclosed group compared with the open group (p < 0.05). Of the casualties in the open group, 1 ZoI was owing to the primary effects of blast, 10 owing to a combination of primary and secondary blast effects, 23 owing to secondary blast effects and 24 owing to tertiary blast effects. In contrast, tertiary blast effects predominated in the enclosed group, accounting for 96 per cent of ZoIs. These data clearly demonstrate two distinct injury groups based upon the casualties' environment. The enclosed environment appears to attenuate the primary and secondary effects of the explosion. However, tertiary blast effects were the predominant mechanism of injury, with severe axial loading to the lower extremity being a characteristic of the fractures seen. The development of future mitigation strategies must focus on reducing all explosion-related injury mechanisms. Integral to this process is an urgent requirement to better understand the behaviour of bone in this unique environment.
Mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogels (2023)

A method of making a mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogel, including the steps of dispersing nanotubes in an aqueous media or other media to form a suspension, adding reactants and catalyst to the suspension to create a reaction mixture, curing the reaction mixture to form a wet gel, drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel, and pyrolyzing the dry gel to produce the mechanically robust, electrically conductive ultralow-density carbon nanotube-based aerogel. The aerogel is mechanically robust, electrically conductive, and ultralow-density, and is made of a porous carbon material having 5 to 95% by weight carbon nanotubes and 5 to 95% carbon binder.
Supplementary Table 2 from Characterization of the Methylation Patterns in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Viral DNA in Head and Neck Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Characterization of the Methylation Patterns in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Viral DNA in Head and Neck Cancers
Synthesis, structure and biological activity of N4-allyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and theircoordination compounds with some 3D metals (2015)

The paper presents a review of different N(4)-allyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and their coordination compounds described in literature. N(4)-allyl-3-thiosemicarbazide can form corresponding thiosemicarbazones with aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic carbonyl compounds. In the presence of transitional metal ions they can form coordination compounds of different structures. Both coordination compounds and proligands manifest antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, and antimalarial activities. Copper(II) coordination compounds with these ligands manifest better antitumor activity than corresponding proligands. <strong>SINTEZA, STRUCTURA ŞI ACTIVITATEA BIOLOGICĂ A N(4)-ALIL-3-TIOSEMICARBAZONELOR ŞI A COMPUŞILOR COORDINATIVI AI UNOR METALE 3D CU ACEŞTI LIGANZI</strong> Lucrarea prezintă o revistă a N(4)-alil-3-tiosemicarbazonelor şi a compuşilor coordinativi cu aceşti liganzi descrise în literatura de specialitate. N(4)-alil-3-tiosemicarbazida formează tiosemicarbazone cu aldehide şi cetone alifatice, aro­matice şi heteroaromatice. În prezenţa ionilor de metale de tranziţie acestea pot forma compuşi coordinativi cu diferite structuri. N(4)-alil-3-tiosemicarbazonele şi compuşii coordinativi manifestă activitate antitumorală, antibacterială, antivirală şi antimalarică. Compuşii coordinativi ai cuprului cu aceşti liganzi manifestă activitate antitumorală sporită în comparaţie cu N(4)-alil-3-tiosemicarbazonele corespunzătoare.
Biofilms and Helicobacter pylori: Dissemination and persistence within the environment and host (2014)

The presence of viable Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the environment is considered to contribute to the levels of H. pylori found in the human population, which also aids to increase its genetic variability and its environmental adaptability and persistence. H. pylori form biofilms both within the in vitro and in vivo environment. This represents an important attribute that assists the survival of this bacterium within environments that are both hostile and adverse to proliferation. It is the aim of this paper to review the ability of H. pylori to form biofilms in vivo and in vitro and to address the inherent mechanisms considered to significantly enhance its persistence within the host and in external environments. Furthermore, the dissemination of H. pylori in the external environment and within the human body and its impact upon infection control will be discussed.
Recent Developments in Transport Modelling: Lessons for the Freight Sector (2008)

This book is intended for transportation professionals interested in the role of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs), and freight transport modeling and policy. It is dedicated to the memory of Professor Marvin L. Manheim, the father of modern Transportation Systems Analysis (TSA), who founded the World Conference on Transport Research Society, and is considered the foremost visionary of ICTs, transportation, and logistics. The book is divided into three main parts. The first part is about Professor Marvin L. Manheim and his path breaking contributions to transportation. The main chapter, written by him, is based on the keynote presentation he delivered at the opening session of the 1998 World Conference on Transport Research in Antwerp. It presents his vision for the role of ICTs in transport; a vision that was revolutionary in 1998 and is still valid and relevant today. The first part also includes an overview written by his widow and collaborator, Mary-Beth Manheim, describing his scientific contributions. The remainder of the book, parts two and three, is about freight transport modeling and policy, and presents an application of Manheim's TSA paradigm. More specifically, the second part presents the recent advances in freight modeling. The chapters begin with a model of the linkages between freight and the macro-economic environment, and end with models of the detailed aspects of logistics choices such as mode of transport, transshipments, and shipment size. Topics covered in part two also include predictions of production to consumption freight flows through the use of multi regional input-output models, choice analysis using freight market research surveys, and estimation of value of quality attributes and value of time in freight transport. Finally, part three of the book describes how the freight models, covered in part two, are used to develop local and regional transport policies.
Thermal management and resistive rail heating of a large-scale naval electromagnetic launcher (2005)

This work presents a model that can be implemented to quickly estimate the resistive heating and the resulting transient temperature response. Quantifying the energy deposited in the rails and implementing an effective thermal management system will be key elements of an effective design for a large-scale electromagnetic launcher. The total current was divided between the inside, upper/lower, and outside surface based on the results of a current distribution calculation. The diffusion of the magnetic field into each surface was modeled in order to determine the current distribution and the resistive heating. Cooling between shots was taken into account by solving the one dimensional transient heat diffusion equation within each surface. Repeating these calculations for a number of discrete segments down the length of the rail enabled the prediction of the total resistive rail heating and the temperature profile along the length of the rail. Experimental tests were conducted that verify the presence of localized heating in the corners of a U-shaped conductor made of 7075 Aluminum. Taking into account the localized resistive heating near the surface of the conductor will become increasingly important with large-scale guns.
Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation and Structural Health Monitoring (2014)

Use of ultrasonic and electromagnetic waves is continuously increasing for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) in civil, aerospace, electrical, mechanical and bioengineering applications.Between bulk waves and guided waves, the latter is becoming more popular for NDE/SHM applications because the guided waves can propagate long distances and reach difficult to access regions. For inspcting porous and some non-porous materials in which the ultrasonic waves attenuate fast, electromagnetic waves such as THz (terahertz) radiations have been found to be very usful. Recent advances in ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave applications forNDE and SHM are discussed in this paper.
Glycosaminoglycan turn-over in articular cartilage (1975)

Glycosaminoglycan turn-over has been studied both in vivo and in vitro, by using sodium [35S]sulphate as a precursor. The in vivo experiments were performed on rabbits and dogs, taking special care to monitor the 35S radioactivity in the serum throughout the experiment and to measure the radioactivity due to unincorporated inorganic [35S]sulphate in cartilage at the end of each experiment, in addition to that due to incorporated sulphate. The inorganic sulphate content of the serum was also determined as well as the distribution coefficient for the inorganic sulphate ion between cartilage and serum. From this information it was possible to calculate accurately the rate of sulphate uptake by cartilage in vivo and hence the turn-over rate. Experiments were then performed in vitro on cartilage from rabbits and dogs and the in vivo and in vitro results were compared. A very good agreement was obtained between the two sets of results. Studies were then carried out under exactly the same in vitro conditions on human articular cartilage and it was thus possible to obtain a turn-over rate for the latter which one could trust was close to the actual in vivo value. The mean half-lives thus obtained varied from 45 days for the young rabbit to 150 days for the adult dog and 800 days for the human femoral head. In human cartilage there were considerable variations in turn-over rate within a single joint as a function of depth below the surface, and between different joints. Thus, while the mean half-life for the human femoral head is 800 days, that for the femoral condyle is 300 days. Cartilage from osteoarthrosic femoral heads did not appear to differ much with respect to sulphate uptake from the normal specimens although the turn-over rates were somewhat higher.
Annexin A5 is the Most Abundant Membrane-Associated Protein in Stereocilia but is Dispensable for Hair-Bundle Development and Function (2016)

The phospholipid- and Ca(2+)-binding protein annexin A5 (ANXA5) is the most abundant membrane-associated protein of ~P23 mouse vestibular hair bundles, the inner ear's sensory organelle. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we estimated that ANXA5 accounts for ~15,000 copies per stereocilium, or ~2% of the total protein there. Although seven other annexin genes are expressed in mouse utricles, mass spectrometry showed that none were present at levels near ANXA5 in bundles and none were upregulated in stereocilia of Anxa5(-/-) mice. Annexins have been proposed to mediate Ca(2+)-dependent repair of membrane lesions, which could be part of the repair mechanism in hair cells after noise damage. Nevertheless, mature Anxa5(-/-) mice not only have normal hearing and balance function, but following noise exposure, they are identical to wild-type mice in their temporary or permanent changes in hearing sensitivity. We suggest that despite the unusually high levels of ANXA5 in bundles, it does not play a role in the bundle's key function, mechanotransduction, at least until after two months of age in the cochlea and six months of age in the vestibular system. These results reinforce the lack of correlation between abundance of a protein in a specific compartment or cellular structure and its functional significance.
Electronic nicotine delivery systems: a research agenda (2011)

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, also called electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes) are marketed to deliver nicotine and sometimes other substances by inhalation. Some tobacco smokers report that they used ENDS as a smoking cessation aid. Whether sold as tobacco products or drug delivery devices, these products need to be regulated, and thus far, across countries and states, there has been a wide range of regulatory responses ranging from no regulation to complete bans. The empirical basis for these regulatory decisions is uncertain, and more research on ENDS must be conducted in order to ensure that the decisions of regulators, health care providers and consumers are based on science. However, there is a dearth of scientific research on these products, including safety, abuse liability and efficacy for smoking cessation. The authors, who cover a broad range of scientific expertise, from basic science to public health, suggest research priorities for non-clinical, clinical and public health studies. They conclude that the first priority is to characterize the safety profile of these products, including in long-term users. If these products are demonstrated to be safe, their efficacy as smoking cessation aids should then be tested in appropriately designed trials. Until these studies are conducted, continued marketing constitutes an uncontrolled experiment and the primary outcome measure, poorly assessed, is user health. Potentially, this research effort, contributing to the safety and efficacy of new smoking cessation devices and to the withdrawal of dangerous products, could save many lives.
Abstract P9 (2015)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, 1955-1985 (1999)

The epidemiology of RA is dynamic. The findings in this study lend further support to the hypothesis of a host-environment interaction in the pathogenesis of RA.
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry of Single Giant Unilamellar Vesicles Reveals Compositional Variability (2023)

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are a widely used model system to interrogate lipid phase behavior, study biomembrane mechanics, reconstitute membrane proteins, and provide a chassis for synthetic cells. It is generally assumed that the composition of individual GUVs is the same as the nominal stock composition, however, there may be significant compositional variability between individual GUVs. Although this compositional heterogeneity likely impacts phase behavior, the function and incorporation of membrane proteins, and the encapsulation of biochemical reactions, it has yet to be directly quantified. To assess heterogeneity, we use secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to probe the composition of individual GUVs using non-perturbing isotopic labels. Both 13C- and 2H-labeled lipids are incorporated into a ternary mixture, which is then used to produce GUVs via gentle hydration or electroformation. Simultaneous detection of seven different ion species via SIMS allows for the concentration of 13C- and 2H-labeled lipids in single GUVs to be quantified using calibration curves, which correlate ion intensity to composition. Additionally, the relative concentration of 13C- and 2H-labeled lipids is assessed for each GUV via the ion ratio 2H-/13C-, which is highly sensitive to compositional differences between individual GUVs and circumvents the need for calibration using standards. Both quantification methods suggest that gentle hydration produces GUVs with greater compositional variability than those formed by electroformation. However, both gentle hydration and electroformation display compositional variability on the order of 5-15 mol percent.
Electrospun water soluble polymer mat for ultrafast release of Donepezil HCl (2010)

Electrostatic spinning (Electrospinning, ES) was applied to prepare Donepezil HCl loaded nanofibers as a potential orally dissolving dosage form. Electrospinning of water solutions of different polymers were performed in order to fabricate a consistent and removable web on the collector with ultra-fast dissolution in water based media. Poly(vinyl-alcohol) of low molecular weight was found to be the most appropriate for this purpose. Morphology of the prepared nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscope as a function of viscosity and drug content. Diameters of the fibers were between 100 and 300 nm with narrow distribution. In vitro drug release of the webs was immediate (less than 30 s) after immersion independently of their drug content owing to the formed huge surface area, while cast films with the same compositions and commercial tablets needed 30 min or more for complete dissolution. The developed technology for the preparation of orally dissolving web (ODW) formulations is a promising way for producing effective and acceptable dosage forms for children, older people and patients with dysphagia.
Spontaneous light-polarization symmetry breaking for an anisotropic ring-cavity dye laser (1999)

A semiclassical model of a unidirectional anisotropic ring cavity dye laser has been investigated analytically and numerically. In spite of the axial symmetry of the inversion angular distribution and the isotropy of the cavity, polarized initial fluctuations cause spontaneous light-polarization symmetry breaking in the form of alternative circularly polarized waves. Polarization symmetry is restored by increasing the orientational relaxation and pumping rates or the anisotropy of the cavity.