gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ALARM: Active LeArning of Rowhammer Mitigations (2022)

Rowhammer is a serious security problem of contemporary dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) where reads or writes of bits can flip other bits. DRAM manufacturers add mitigations, but don't disclose details, making it difficult for customers to evaluate their efficacy. We present a tool, based on active learning, that automatically infers parameter of Rowhammer mitigations against synthetic models of modern DRAM.
Extracting personal names from email (2005)

There has been little prior work on Named Entity Recognition for "informal" documents like email. We present two methods for improving performance of person name recognizers for email: email-specific structural features and a recall-enhancing method which exploits name repetition across multiple documents.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemistry of Dimethyl Sulfide Derivatives of closo-B10H102- (2002)

The reaction of Cs 2 [B 10 H 10 ] with DMSO in acid produces the disubstituted 1,10-, 1,6-, and 2,7(8)-isomers of (Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 as well as the monosubstituted [(Me 2 S)B 10 H 9 ] - anion. Through a modified procedure, the trisubstituted compound 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 -2-(MeS)B 10 H 7 was prepared and characterized. The 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 isomer was converted to the enantiomers 2,7-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 and 2,8-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 which were separated on a chiral column. The 1,6-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 isomer was converted to a mixture of 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 and 2,3-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 . These polyhedral rearrangements are believed to occur through the diamond-square-diamond mechanism. The 1,6- and 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 isomers were reduced with alkali metal in liquid ammonia to produce the dianions [1,6-(MeS) 2 B 10 H 8 ] 2- and [1,10-(MeS) 2 B 10 H 8 ] 2- , respectively. Sodium ethanethiolate was used for the reduction of [1-(Me 2 S)B 10 H 9 ] - and 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 to form [1-(MeS)B 10 H 9 ] 2- and [1-(MeS)-10-(Me 2 S)B 10 H 8 ] - , respectively. The structures of 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 , 1,6-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 , 2,8-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 , 2,3-(Me 2 S) 2 B 10 H 8 , 1,10-(Me 2 S) 2 -2-(MeS)B 10 H 7 , [1-(MeS)-10-(Me 2 S)B 10 H 8 ] - , and [1,6-(MeS) 2 B 10 H 8 ] 2- were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
Mechanism and synthetic applications of the photochemical generation and X-H insertion reactions of oxacarbenes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism and synthetic applications of the photochemical generation and X-H insertion reactions of oxacarbenesMichael C. Pirrung, Virginia K. Chang, and Carl V. DeAmicisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 15, 5824–5831Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00197a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00197a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views492Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Utilisation des antidépresseurs chez les patients souffrant de douleurs chroniques: quelle congruence entre prescription et notice d’emballage? (2001)

Différentes études font état d’une consommation médicamenteuse inappropriée et/ou excessive chez les patients souffrant de douleurs chroniques. Les patients disposent de diverses sources d’information à propos des médicaments. Ces sources peuvent leur fournir des informations congruentes ou non, correspondant ou non à leurs représentations et expériences préalables. Les antidépresseurs, fréquemment prescrits dans le contexte de douleurs chroniques, sont associés à un nombre élevé d’effets indésirables. Ces effets, ainsi que les représentations qu’en ont les patients, constituent des déterminants importants de la non-observance. Nous avons investigué la manière dont les individus s’informent au sujet des médicaments, et si cette information pourrait contribuer à rendre compte des problèmes d’observance que soulèvent les antidépresseurs chez les patients douloureux chroniques. Nous avons interrogé des patients douloureux chroniques et des sujets ne souffrant d’aucune douleur ni maladie. Les notices d’emballage constituaient la source la plus couramment citée dans les deux groupes, avant toute autre, y compris le médecin. Pour les deux groupes, l’information qui’ils souhaiteraient «idéalement» recevoir devrait venir du médecin et concerner en particulier l’indication et le mode d’action du médicament. Ces résultats suggèrent que les patients pourraient combiner les différentes sources d’information et les utiliser «à la demande». Parmi les 16 notices soumises à une analyse de contenu, 15 faisaient référence au traitement de la dépression. Seules 5 notices évoquaient la douleur comme indication possible, dont 3 citaient des symptômes physiques sans cause organique ou liés à la dépression. Les autres indications comprenaient les TOC, la boulimie et la phobie sociale. L’analyse de contenu des indications montre qu’elles ont une connotation clairement psychologique. Ainsi, la noncongruence entre la prescription d’antidépresseurs à visée antalgique et les notices pourrait rendre compte d’une partie au moins des difficultés d’observance que soulèvent ces médicaments.
Fatigue Crack Monitoring of T-Type Joints in Steel Offshore Oil and Gas Jacket Platform (2021)

Several approaches have been used in the past to predict fatigue crack growth rates in T-joints of the offshore structures, but there are relatively few cases of applying structural health monitoring during the non-destructive testing of jacket platforms. This paper presents an experimental method based on the sensing of the piezoelectric sensors and finite element analysis method for studying the fatigue cracks in the offshore steel jacket structure. Three types of joints are selected in the current research work: T-type plate, T-type tube-plate, and T-type tube joints. The finite element analysis model established in the current study computes and analyzes the high stress and high strain regions in the T-type joints. The fatigue damage in the T-type joints was successfully detected by utilizing both the finite element analysis and experimental methods. The results showed that fatigue cracks of the three types of joints are prone to appear at the weld toe and spread in the welding direction. The fatigue damage location of T-type plate and T-type tube-plate joints is more concentrated in the upper weld toe area, and the fatigue damage location of the T-type tube joint is closer to the lower weld toe area.
Non-equilibrium nanoscale nanosecond plasma discharge in liquid for biomedic al applications (2010)

Summary form only given. Generation of plasma in liquid phase and at liquid interfaces has been previously restricted to thermal plasma for a variety of applications. The new and emerging field of plasma medicine provides a clear demand for development of non-thermal plasma for generation in liquid phase and at liquid interfaces. Primary application of such plasma includes sterilization applications for prosthetic implants related both to generation of reactive oxygen species as well as activation of antibiotics contained within the polymerized surfaces of the implants.
Alginate−Oligochitosan Microcapsules:  A Mechanistic Study Relating Membrane and Capsule Properties to Reaction Conditions (1999)

A new generation of microcapsules was prepared by utilizing a polyelectrolyte complexation reaction between two oppositely charged polysaccharides, one of which is oligomeric. This capsule combines extremely high deformability (>80%) and elasticity with permeability control and can be applied in various bioencapsulation technologies. The relative number of interchain ionic bonds, which determine the cross-linking density and membrane properties, can be controlled by either pH or ionic strength. Specific binding with respect to the molar mass of chitosan occurs during capsule formation. With increasing ionic strength and pH, a shift toward higher molar masses involved in membrane formation was observed. The preparation of capsules under physiological conditions (pH 7.0, 0.9% NaCl) was demonstrated, overcoming the limitation of all other microcapsules based on chitosan which must be prepared at pH below 6.5. It has been shown that the parameters such as reaction time, chitosan molar mass, and concentration primarily influence the mechanical properties, whereas alginate concentration effects both mechanical and porosity characteristic of the capsule membrane.
Discriminative Parameter Estimation for Random Walks Segmentation: Technical Report (2013)

The Random Walks (RW) algorithm is one of the most e - cient and easy-to-use probabilistic segmentation methods. By combining contrast terms with prior terms, it provides accurate segmentations of medical images in a fully automated manner. However, one of the main drawbacks of using the RW algorithm is that its parameters have to be hand-tuned. we propose a novel discriminative learning framework that estimates the parameters using a training dataset. The main challenge we face is that the training samples are not fully supervised. Speci cally, they provide a hard segmentation of the images, instead of a proba-bilistic segmentation. We overcome this challenge by treating the optimal probabilistic segmentation that is compatible with the given hard segmentation as a latent variable. This allows us to employ the latent support vector machine formulation for parameter estimation. We show that our approach signi cantly outperforms the baseline methods on a challenging dataset consisting of real clinical 3D MRI volumes of skeletal muscles.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Diels‐Alder Reactions of (S)‐2‐(p‐Tolylsulfinyl)‐1,4‐ naphthoquinones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Access to diagnostics and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): The difference between patient perception and reality. (2019)

e13524 Background: The aim of this global patient survey was to better understand the needs and expectations of patients with NETs regarding access to diagnostic tools and treatment. Methods: In 2017, an online, questionnaire survey of NET patients/family members, patient advocates and healthcare professionals (HCPs) was conducted. Results: In total, 443 participants from 26 countries responded: 338 patients/families; 35 advocates; 70 HCPs. Following NET diagnosis, many patients use patient association (69%) and HCP (48%) websites to fulfill their informational needs. Patients overestimated the availability of key diagnostic tools and treatments compared to HCPs: Gallium-68-Dotatate PET/CT scan was believed available by 28% of patients vs. 14% of HCPs; fluorodeoxyglucose PET by 77% of patients vs. 64% of HCPs; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy by 58% of patients vs. 23% of HCPs; genetic test/precision medicine by 75% of patients vs. 71% of HCPs; and transplantation by 86% of patients vs. 55% of HCPs. Reasons reported by patients and advocates for unavailability of treatment were: not provided by healthcare system (28% &amp; 67%, respectively); non-referral (19% &amp; 33%, respectively), unable to afford treatment (18% &amp; 57%, respectively); treatment not covered by insurance (17% &amp; 24%, respectively); distance to treatment centre (15% &amp; 48%, respectively). Almost a third (30%) of patients had to travel more than 300 km/186 miles for treatment or consultation with a NET specialist, while 34% of patients did not have access to an MDT and those that did may be in contact with them less than once per year (14%). In contrast, advocates and HCPs believe there is wider availability of MDTs (94% and 70%, respectively). Conclusions: Patients are increasingly well-educated about NETs and often travel considerable distances to obtain specialist treatment. However, there remains considerable disparity in what patients feel is available to them in terms of the latest tools and treatments, compared to what is there in reality. This significant difference in perception needs to be managed delicately by both advocates and healthcare professionals.
Subjects with Low Plasma HDL Cholesterol Levels Are Characterized by an Inflammatory and Oxidative Phenotype (2013)

Subjects with low plasma HDL cholesterol levels are characterized by an inflammatory and oxidative phenotype that could contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerotic disorders in these subjects with low HDL levels.
tRNASeracceptor stem: conformation and hydration of a microhelix in a crystal structure at 1.8 Å resolution (2007)

The crystal structure of a serine-specific tRNA acceptor-stem microhelix, the binding site for the seryl-tRNA synthetase, was solved by X-ray analysis. This seven-base-pair tRNA(Ser) microhelix forms endless rows of helices in the crystal lattice, with two helices stacking 'head-to-head' onto each other, resulting in an intermolecular guanosine stacking of the first purine nucleotides at the 5'-strands of the tRNA(Ser) microhelices. A network of 75 water loci could be associated with each RNA duplex. Unusual local geometric backbone parameters could be detected in the region of the G4 phosphate located in the 5'-strand of the helix, which lead to a ;kink' in this region and to an irregularly bent helix. The role of the specific hydration pattern and of the irregular conformation of the tRNA(Ser) acceptor-stem helix is discussed and summarized.
Association ofChlamydia pneumoniaeIgA antibodies with recently symptomatic asthma (1996)

To determine whether recently diagnosed adult-onset asthma is associated with serologic evidence of chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection, we performed a case-control study in a primary care clinic of cases with asthma (25 adults reporting first symptoms of asthma within 2 years of enrollment) and 45 concurrently enrolled sex and age (+/- 10 years) matched non-asthmatic controls with normal pulmonary function. C. pneumoniae-specific IgA, IgG and IgG4 antibodies, and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were measured by microimmunofluorescence testing. Results showed that frequencies of IgG titres > or = 16 (92%), IgG4 titres > or = 16 (20%) and CIC > or = 4 (60%) in asthma patients were not significantly different from those of controls. However, asthmatics had a significantly higher prevalence of C. pneumoniae-specific IgA titres > or = 10 (72% of cases vs 44% of controls, P < 0.05). After adjustment for the effects of age, sex and smoking, the odds ratio for an association of IgA and asthma was 3.7 (95% confidence interval 1.2-11.5). We conclude that recently symptomatic reversible airway obstruction in adults is associated with the presence of C. pneumoniae-specific IgA antibodies, a proposed indicator of chronic respiratory C. pneumoniae infection.
A Practical Vacuum Drying Equipment (2000)

A practical vacuum drying system used for instrument transformers is introduced. Its design principle, calculation method and operation result are given.
Improving nitrogen use efficiency in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) through the cisgenic approach (2009)

Barley is one of the major crops cultivated worldwide and constitutes an important basis for animal feed. However, the production is facing a number of challenges that will be accentuated in the years to come, in particular restrictions on the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. In order to improve the N use efficiency in barley, we are developing a new generation of genetically modified plants based on the concept of cisgenesis. In this approach, plants are transformed only with their own genetic material. The genes encoding the cytosolic isoform of the glutamine synthetase (GS1) and the tonoplast intrinsic protein TIP2, potentially involve in N management and plant growth, have been selected to be transformed into the barley cultivar Golden Promise. The genomic clones comprising 1-2kb of the promoter, the gene itself and 0.5-1kb of the 3’untranslated region have been isolated and cloned into the pGreenII binary vector. The genes have been inserted into barley by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene for selection of transformed lines on hygromycin. In this system, the resistance gene is placed on the helper plasmid pSoup allowing for separate introductions of the gene of interest and the resistance gene for selection, respectively.The transgenic lines (T0), currently growing in greenhouse will be self pollinated and the molecular, physiological and agronomic characterization of subsequent generations will be undertaken.
Development of soft and distributed tactile sensors and the application to a humanoid robot (2002)

Abstract This paper describes a comprehensive tactile sensor system which can cover wide areas of full-body robots. Based on design criteria which are introduced from requirements, we develop two types of tactile sensor elements. One is a multi-valued touch sensor which has multi-level pressure thresholds. It is capable of covering wide areas of robot surfaces. The other is made of soft, conductive gel, which has the advantage of compliance compared with other sheet-type tactile sensors. With these two types sensors, we develop the tactile sensor system on the full-body robot 'H4'. Details of the sensor system on the robot and some experiments using tactile information are described. Keywords: TACTILE SENSORSENSOR SKINHUMANOID ROBOTSENSOR SYSTEMCONDUCTIVE GEL
Single-Cell DNA Methylome Sequencing and Bioinformatic Inference of Epigenomic Cell-State Dynamics (2015)

Methods for single-cell genome and transcriptome sequencing have contributed to our understanding of cellular heterogeneity, whereas methods for single-cell epigenomics are much less established. Here, we describe a whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) assay that enables DNA methylation mapping in very small cell populations (μWGBS) and single cells (scWGBS). Our assay is optimized for profiling many samples at low coverage, and we describe a bioinformatic method that analyzes collections of single-cell methylomes to infer cell-state dynamics. Using these technological advances, we studied epigenomic cell-state dynamics in three in vitro models of cellular differentiation and pluripotency, where we observed characteristic patterns of epigenome remodeling and cell-to-cell heterogeneity. The described method enables single-cell analysis of DNA methylation in a broad range of biological systems, including embryonic development, stem cell differentiation, and cancer. It can also be used to establish composite methylomes that account for cell-to-cell heterogeneity in complex tissue samples.
Integrated System for Bacterial Detection and Biofilm Treatment on Indwelling Urinary Catheters (2021)

CAUTIs, exacerbated by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, represent a significant challenge as one of the most prevalent healthcare-acquired infections. These infections are driven by the colonization of indwelling catheters by bacterial biofilms.
Iterative optimization in the polyhedral model (2008)

High-level loop optimizations are necessary to achieve good performance over a wide variety of processors. Their performance impact can be significant because they involve in-depth program transformations that aim to sustain a balanced workload over the computational, storage, and communication resources of the target architecture. Therefore, it is mandatory that the compiler accurately models the target architecture as well as the effects of complex code restructuring.
MCEDAR: multicast core-extraction distributed ad hoc routing (2003)

In this paper, we present the MCEDAR (multicast core extraction distributed ad hoc routing) multicast routing algorithm for ad hoc networks. MCEDAR is an extension to the CEDAR architecture and provides the robustness of mesh based routing protocols and the approximates the efficiency of tree based forwarding protocols. It decouples the control infrastructure from the actual data forwarding infrastructure. The decoupling allows for a very minimalistic and low overhead control infrastructure while still enabling very efficient data forwarding.
Deep Learning Algorithm for the Confirmation of Mucosal Healing in Crohn’s Disease, Based on Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Images (2021)

Using machine learning algorithms on CLE images can successfully differentiate between inflammation and normal ileocolonic mucosa and can be used as a computer aided diagnosis for CD. Future clinical studies with a larger patient spectrum will validate our results and improve the CNN-SSTM model.
Assessment of Sensor Technologies for Advanced Reactors (2016)

Sensors and measurement technologies provide information on processes, support operations and provide indications of component health. They are therefore crucial to plant operations and to commercialization of advanced reactors (AdvRx). This report, developed by a three-laboratory team consisting of Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), provides an assessment of sensor technologies and a determination of measurement needs for AdvRx. It provides the technical basis for identifying and prioritizing research targets within the instrumentation and control (I&C) Technology Area under the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Advanced Reactor Technology (ART) program and contributes to the design and implementation of AdvRx concepts.
Two-color volumetric laser-induced fluorescence for 3D OH and temperature fields in turbulent reacting flows (2018)

Single-shot, two-color, volumetric laser-induced fluorescence was demonstrated for three-dimensional (3D), tomographic imaging of the structural properties of the OH radical and temperature field in a turbulent hydrogen-air flame. Two narrowband laser sources were tuned to the Q<sub>1</sub>(5) and Q<sub>1</sub>(14) transitions of the (1,0) band in the A<sup>2</sup>Σ←X<sup>2</sup>Π system and illuminated a volumetric region of the flame. Images from eight unique perspectives collected simultaneously from each of the two transitions were used to reconstruct overlapping OH fields with different Boltzmann fractions and map the 3D temperature distribution with nanosecond precision. Key strategies for minimizing sources of error, such as detector sensitivity and spatial overlap of the two fields, are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: DELOCALIZED Π BONDING IN TETRAAZADIENE METALLOCYCLES (1981)

Abstract Die Komplexe Cyclopenta‐ dienyl‐1,4‐phenyl(bzw. ‐perfluorphenyl)‐tetraazadiencobalt wurden nach einer Literaturmethode dargestellt, von der fluorierten Verbindung wurde die Kristallstruktur (Raumgruppe P2 1 /c, Z=4) bestimmt, die Bindungslängen in dem metallhaltigen Ring sind angegeben.