gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation into the Fatigue Life of Hybrid Joints Under Fully Reversed Flexure Loading (2008)

Glass Reinforced Polymers (GRP's) have a variety of properties that make them desirable for use in marine applications. For instance: high strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, inherent complex forming abilities, and low electromagnetic signature characteristics can be exceedingly advantageous in such areas. The U.S. Navy currently has an objective to investigate the use of lightweight materials to enhance naval capabilities, and GRP's have been of particular interest. Composite/metal hybrid systems offer a potential solution to many of the complications encountered in the construction of naval vessels, such as the weight of materials that are currently used and difficulty of forming them. Prevention of structural failures in a ship is essential if human injury, casualties and economic loss are to be avoided. Fatigue of connections is a major concern in an ocean environment. The overall objective of this research is to develop and demonstrate methods for fatigue testing various common and novel steel/composite hybrid connections and to evaluate their suitability for their desired applications. Fatigue of hybrid connections subject to out-of-plane loading is highly variable and there is a lack of data reported in the literature. The intention of this effort is to provide additional baseline data for this type of connection. Testing and analysis techniques were successfully developed and employed. It was determined that separate analyses of the individual components of a hybrid joint (e.g. the composite plate and the steel T-section) are insufficient to determine the effects of fatigue loading on a given joint due to the effects of joining methods on the strength. Fatigue testing of a full joint configuration is necessary to adequately evaluate its response to fatigue loading. Further testing beyond what is presented in this report is recommended.
Low-Temperature Performance Advantages for Oils Using Hydrodewaxed Base Stocks (1983)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Single and multigrade engine oils formulated with catalytic hydrodewaxed (MLDW) base stocks possess low-temperature fluidity properties superior to counterpart products using conventional solvent dewaxed base stocks. This low-temperature benefit for MLDW oils is demonstrated in CCS and MRV viscosity measurements and cold engine cranking studies. This advantage is a natural consequence of the composition differences imposed by the respective dewaxing processes. The MLDW process is more selective and more efficient than solvent dewaxing in the removal of paraffins to reduce lube oil pour point. It follows that MLDW oils have fewer paraffins available for wax-gel formation at low temperatures. The lower paraffin content is also responsible for the lower VI values for the MLDW base stocks. Thus, the superior low-temperature performance of MLDW oils is contrary to viscosity-temperature extrapolations.&lt;/div&gt;
[Living donor kidney transplant: the role of the nephrologist]. (2015)

Living donor kidney transplant is the best available treatment for chronic kidney disease. The nephrologist plays a key role in activating and promoting this program. The ''historical'' mistrust surrounding it is easily overcome by the current knowledge of the benefits and safety of this type of transplant. The complexity of its organization could from now on be the only constraint on its more widespread use. Only a well-trained nephrologist and the activation of an efficient predialysis program will be able to overcome this obstacle and to make this transplant modality available to an ever increasing number of patients.
Search for sterile neutrino mixing using three years of IceCube DeepCore data (2017)

We present a search for a light sterile neutrino using three years of atmospheric neutrino data from the DeepCore detector in the energy range of approximately 10–60 GeV. DeepCore is the low-energy subarray of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The standard three-neutrino paradigm can be probed by adding an additional light (Δm$^{2}_{41}$ ∼ 1 eV2) sterile neutrino. Sterile neutrinos do not interact through the standard weak interaction and, therefore, cannot be directly detected. However, their mixing with the three active neutrino states leaves an imprint on the standard atmospheric neutrino oscillations for energies below 100 GeV. A search for such mixing via muon neutrino disappearance is presented here. The data are found to be consistent with the standard three-neutrino hypothesis. Therefore, we derive limits on the mixing matrix elements at the level of $|U_{μ4}|^{2}
The Hydroflex Penile Prosthesis: A Test Case for the Introduction of New Urological Technology (1993)

The AMS Hydroflex* penile prosthesis was introduced for commercial distribution in 1985 but 5 years later this device was no longer available on the United States market. In an attempt to understand why this device, which initially enjoyed substantial popularity, was abruptly withdrawn from the market, patients who underwent implantation at the University of Wisconsin were interviewed and a critical analysis of the Food and Drug Administration approval process of medical devices was performed. An AMS Hydroflex penile prosthesis was implanted in 17 patients (mean age 57.7 years, range 27 to 84 years). The followup period ranged from 37 to 73 months with a mean of 58 months, and 3 patients died within that time. Of the remaining patients 10 (71%) were satisfied with the device in the first months after implantation but only 6 (43%) were satisfied at the time of followup, 9 (64%) were more satisfied with sexual relationships after receiving the prosthesis and 7 (50%) found the prosthesis simple to operate. Mechanical failure was noticed by 11 patients (79%), of whom 5 (45%) underwent further surgery. Classification of medical devices started with the enactment of the Medical Device Amendment to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, May 28, 1976. All medical devices that were in commercial distribution at that time were classified in 3 regulatory control categories depending upon the degree of regulation necessary to assure safety and effectiveness of each device. Before May 28, 1976 no approved application was necessary for marketing medical devices, and the Food and Drug Administration has variable amounts of information about safety and effectiveness of the different devices marketed prior to that date. Since May 1976 approved applications have been mandated for new or significantly changed devices. The specific process by which the Hydroflex prosthesis, as well as other medical devices, is approved is critically reviewed.
YEAST MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF NICOTINIC ACID (1946)

The original microbiological method of Snell and Wright (1) for the determination of nicotinic acid has been widely used. Several workers (24) have encountered difficulties with this method and have suggested improvements. The improved methods, although largely eliminating the troublesome "drifts" among values calculated at progressively higher assay levels, the variations in the standard curve, high blank values, and unsatisfactory recoveries still require an incubation of from 40 to 72 hours and titration of the acid produced.
ESTUDO DE ASSOCIAÇÃO GENÔMICA AMPLA PARA IMPORTANTES CARACTERÍSTICAS AGRONÔMICAS EM Coffea canephora (2019)

O Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla (Genome-Wide Association Studies – GWAS) surgiu com o intuito de capturar o efeito de genes na determinação de determinada característica fenotípica. Para isso, os indivíduos selecionados são genotipados em escala genômica e fenotipados para as características de interesse e então, a partir de análises estatísticas entre os polimorfismos de DNA e a variação no fenótipo, os genes que controlam essas características podem ser identificados. Por se tratar de uma espécie perene e de ciclo longo, os programas de melhoramento genético convencional do cafeeiro são demorados (vários anos) e de custo elevado. A geração de cultivares superiores via melhoramento genético ainda lida com o desafio de agregar simultaneamente diversas características quantitativas de relevância agronômica, assim como a qualidade de bebida. Neste contexto, na tentativa de identificar genes/regiões genômicas associadas à características agronômicas importantes, 1.319 indivíduos da Embrapa Cerrados foram genotipados e fenotipados, e posteriormente, realizou-se um estudo de GWAS com os softwares TASSEL e rrBLUP. Um número diferente de marcadores associados foi identificado com as duas estratégias utilizadas. Foram identificados marcadores tanto em regiões intergênicas como em regiões gênicas, sendo que, nesta última, os marcadores estavam presentes em genes já caracterizados e descritos na literatura para outras espécies como estando relacionados às características agronômicas aqui analisadas.
Acute management of the upper airway in facial burns and smoke inhalation (1976)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: September 1976 - Volume 16 - Issue 9 - p 758
Structural Mechanisms of QacR Induction and Multidrug Recognition (2001)

The Staphylococcus aureus multidrug binding protein QacR represses transcription of the qacA multidrug transporter gene and is induced by structurally diverse cationic lipophilic drugs. Here, we report the crystal structures of six QacR-drug complexes. Compared to the DNA bound structure, drug binding elicits a coil-to-helix transition that causes induction and creates an expansive multidrug-binding pocket, containing four glutamates and multiple aromatic and polar residues. These structures indicate the presence of separate but linked drug-binding sites within a single protein. This multisite drug-binding mechanism is consonant with studies on multidrug resistance transporters.
Photonic microwave bandpass filters (2007)

Techniques to implement photonic microwave bandpass filters are reviewed. The challenges in implementing these filters for practical applications are discussed.
Efficient Multiparty Protocols via Log-Depth Threshold Formulae (Extended Abstract) (2013)

We put forward a new approach for the design of efficient multiparty protocols: 1. Design a protocol π for a small number of parties (say, 3 or 4) which achieves security against a single corrupted party. Such protocols are typically easy to construct, as they may employ techniques that do not scale well with the number of corrupted parties. 2. Recursively compose π with itself to obtain an efficient n-party pro- tocol which achieves security against a constant fraction of corrupted parties.
Three-Dimensional Interactive Display of Medical Images For Stereotactic Neurosurgery Planning (1989)

We describe a method for matching computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance (MR) medical image data with digital subtraction angiograms (DSA). The tomographic data set is processed and rendered to yield a volumetric image which is displayed stereoscopically from the same viewpoint at which the DSA images were acquired. The vessels are merged on top of the 3D rendered volumes and the composite images are viewed stereoscopically on a PC-based workstation. The workstation has facilities allowing the user to manipulate a. cursor or vector in stereo within a defined 3D coordinate system and to make accurate 3D measurements within the imaged volume. While surgical planning can be conducted from analysis of the separate tomographic images and individual bi-plane angiograms, such an approach is tedious since as many as 400 separate images from separate modalities may be acquired for a single patient. Furthermore, it is sometimes difficult to fully appreciate the anatomy of the surrounding structures from individual CT and MR slices of the 3D volume. All image processing and rendering is performed on a PIXAR Image Computer, a SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) channel array processor with a 48 - bit deep image buffer. PIXAR&apos;s Chap Volumes rendering library is employed in the rendering process. The stereoscopic workstation consists of a high performance color monitor which displays the left and right eye views of the data sequentially at 120 Hz via a liquid crystal polarizing shutter. The operator views the image via left and right eye circularly polarized glasses.
Mechanism research of cryoanalgesia (1995)

The sciatic nerves of rabbits were frozen at different temperatures (-20 degrees C, -60 degrees C, -100 degrees C, -140 degrees C, and -180 degrees C). The morphology and function of the frozen nerves were examined with light microscopy (hematoxylin and eosinophilin stain and a histochemical thiocholine method) and electron microscopy. The function of the nerve after freezing was assessed using short latency somatosensory evoked potentials, sensory conduction velocity, and electromyogram at various intervals after freezing. There were no changes in morphology or function of nerves cryolesioned at -20 degrees C. The nerve fibers cryolesioned at -60 degrees C showed signs of freezing degeneration and lost their conductive function although, these nerves all recovered. Approximately half of nerve fibers cryolesioned at -100 degrees C showed Wallerian degeneration, and although the time to remyelination was delayed, nerve regeneration was still complete. At -140 degrees C and -180 degrees C the nerve fibers showed immediate necrosis, with destruction of basal membranes and proliferation of collagen fibers. The results explained the mechanism of cryoanalgesia. Our study demonstrates that cryo-temperatures lower than -140 degrees C will cause permanent alterations in nerve morphology and function, whereas warmer temperatures do not result in permanent nerve damage and are therefore not likely to provide long-term analgesia to patients.
Microsystem Design Synthesis (2001)

It is typical of many kinds of design problems that the inner system consists of components whose fundamental laws of behavior are well known. The difficulty of the design problem often resides in predicting how an assemblage of such components will behave.– H.A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial (1969)
Effect of the C-terminal domain of Vibrio proteolyticus chitinase A on the chitinolytic activity in association with pH changes (2012)

Aims: To reveal the cause of the difference in activity of chitinase A from Vibrio proteolyticus and chitinase A from a strain of Vibrio carchariae (a junior synonym of Vibrio harveyi), we investigated the pH-dependent activity of full-length V. proteolyticus chitinase A and a truncated recombinant corresponding to the V. harveyi form of chitinase A. Methods and Results: After overexpression in Escherichia coli strain DH5α, the full-length and truncated recombinant chitinases were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and anion exchange column chromatography. Chitinase activity was measured at various pH values using α-crystal and colloidal chitins as the substrate. The pH-dependent patterns of the relative specific activities for α-crystal chitin differed between the full-length and truncated recombinant chitinases, whereas those for colloidal chitin were similar to each other. Conclusion: The difference in the activity of V. proteolyticus chitinase A and V. harveyi chitinase A might be partly due to a change in the pH dependence of the chitinase activities against α-crystal chitin, resulting from C-terminal processing. Significance and Impact of Study: The present results are important findings for not only ecological studies on the genus Vibrio in association with survival strategies, but also phylogenetic studies.
Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter for Optically Generated RF-Signals (2000)

In this paper we present a phase shifter for optically generated RF-signals including a liquid crystal amplitude modulator. The light is intensity modulated by a Mach-Zehnder modulator and split into two paths. One path exhibits a fixed λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RF</sub> /4 delay and a liquid crystal light valve to vary the transmitted amplitude of this path. In the proposed experimental setup the resulting phase φRF of the modulated signal can be adjusted from 0° to 45°. The method can be used for a continuous phase shift up to 360° with only four light valves.
Experimental investigations of glow discharges in hollow cathode geometries at low pressure (2005)

We present results of optical and electrical measurements of glow discharges in hollow cathode geometries in low-pressure xenon. These are helpful for understanding results in micro hollow cathode discharges operating at higher pressure.
ABT-199 mediated inhibition of BCL-2 as a novel therapeutic strategy in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2014)

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with gradually improved survival through introduction of intensified chemotherapy. However, therapy-resistant or refractory T-ALL remains a major clinical challenge. Here, we evaluated B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 inhibition by the BH3 mimetic ABT-199 as a new therapeutic strategy in human T-ALL. The T-ALL cell line LOUCY, which shows a transcriptional program related to immature T-ALL, exhibited high in vitro and in vivo sensitivity for ABT-199 in correspondence with high levels of BCL-2. In addition, ABT-199 showed synergistic therapeutic effects with different chemotherapeutic agents including doxorubicin, l-asparaginase, and dexamethasone. Furthermore, in vitro analysis of primary patient samples indicated that some immature, TLX3- or HOXA-positive primary T-ALLs are highly sensitive to BCL-2 inhibition, whereas TAL1 driven tumors mostly showed poor ABT-199 responses. Because BCL-2 shows high expression in early T-cell precursors and gradually decreases during normal T-cell differentiation, differences in ABT-199 sensitivity could partially be mediated by distinct stages of differentiation arrest between different molecular genetic subtypes of human T-ALL. In conclusion, our study highlights BCL-2 as an attractive molecular target in specific subtypes of human T-ALL that could be exploited by ABT-199.
Regenerative potential of human skeletal muscle during aging (2002)

In this study, we have investigated the consequences of aging on the regenerative capacity of human skeletal muscle by evaluating two parameters: (i) variation in telomere length which was used to evaluate the in vivo turn-over and (ii) the proportion of satellite cells calculated as compared to the total number of nuclei in a muscle fibre. Two skeletal muscles which have different types of innervation were analysed: the biceps brachii, a limb muscle, and the masseter, a masticatory muscle. The biopsies were obtained from two groups: young adults (23 +/- 1.15 years old) and aged adults (74 +/- 4.25 years old). Our results showed that during adult life, minimum telomere lengths and mean telomere lengths remained stable in the two muscles. The mean number of myonuclei per fibre was lower in the biceps brachii than in the masseter but no significant change was observed in either muscle with increasing age. However, the number of satellite cells, expressed as a proportion of myonuclei, decreased with age in both muscles. Therefore, normal aging of skeletal muscle in vivo is reflected by the number of satellite cells available for regeneration, but not by the mean number of myonuclei per fibre or by telomere lengths. We conclude that a decrease in regenerative capacity with age may be partially explained by a reduced availability of satellite cells.
Modeling and analysis of system stability in a distributed power delivery network with embedded digital linear regulators (2014)

On-chip power delivery networks (PDNs) for today's microprocessors and systems-on-chip (SoCs), which are characterized by dynamic supply voltage, many embedded integrated VRs (IVRs), lower decoupling-capacitor, high current ranges, multiple power modes and fast transient loads are designed to minimize AC load transients and supply noise. The close interaction of the VRs with the power grids create multiple feedback paths in the overall network, compromising the resultant phase margin and can even lead to system instabilities. The introduction of digital linear regulators operating in the low dropout (LDO) mode, with low power supply rejection, further exacerbates the problem. This paper provides a comprehensive methodology, based on Mason's Gain Formula applied to hybrid control, for modeling and analyzing distributed linear regulators and their interaction with the PDN.
An audio-visual speech recognition framework based on articulatory features. (2007)

This paper presents an audio-visual speech recognition framework based on articulatory features, which tries to combine the advantages of both areas, and shows a better recognition accuracy compared to a phone-based recognizer. In our approach, we use HMMs to model abstract articulatory classes, which are extracted in parallel from both the speech signal and the video frames. The N-best outputs of these independent classifiers are combined to decide on the best articulatory feature tuples. By mapping these tuples to phones, a phone stream can be generated. A lexical search finally maps this phone stream to meaningful word transcriptions. We demonstrate the potential of our approach by a preliminary experiment on the GRID database, which contains continuous English voice commands for a small vocabulary task. Index Terms: audio-visual speech recognition, articulatory features, N-best decision schema 1.
A deceleration-based algorithm for anti-skid control of aircraft (2017)

Anti-skid control systems are standard equipment for aircraft of all sizes. Such systems are designed by rather few braking systems suppliers, with control algorithms that have never been presented, nor analysed, in the scientific literature. From industrial practice, it is known that such controllers act on a single landing gear, that they use a single wheel speed measure, and that they require extensive trial-and-error tuning before release. In this paper, we first analyse experimental data measured on closed-loop braking tests to see which is the behaviour of the controlled aircraft when braking. Then, we propose a control-oriented modelling of the landing gear, that allow disclosing its dynamic features. Based on this, we present an anti-skid control algorithm that achieves a very similar closed-loop behaviour to that experimentally experienced. The performance of the controller are quantitatively analysed according to cost functions that are standards in the aeronautic braking systems evaluation.
Charge Localization and Transport in Lithiated Olivine Phosphate Materials (2011)

We report density functional theory (DFT) calculations for olivine-type LiTMPO4 and TMPO4 (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) structures. TM is typically characterized in terms of localized 2+ or 3+ charge in LiTMPO4 and TMPO4 structures, respectively, in which electron transport would take place by thermally activated hopping of metal-centered small polarons. We assess qualitative relationships between formal TM oxidation states and the static charges on TM and the dependence of small polaron stability on d–p rehybridization. We propose an empirical correlation between the ratio of cationic/anionic charge differences (dQTM/dQO) for lithiated and delithiated end members and the relative degree of electron localization on the cationic versus anionic sublattices. Large values of dQTM relative to dQO or a dQTM/dQO value greater than 2 appears consistent with phases that would tend toward stable small polaron formation at TM sites, such as mixed 2+/3+-like oxidation states. If the ratio of dQTM/dQO is smaller than 2 and the magnitudes of the charge differences are small, the system tends to behave more itinerant-like.