gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of phosphodiester adducts produced by the reaction of cyanoethylene oxide with nucleotides (1994)

Cyanoethylene oxide (CEO), a putative toxic and carcinogenic metabolite of acrylonitrile, is a direct-acting mutagen. The focus of this study was to elucidate potential adducts responsible for the mutagenic effect of CEO by characterizing products from the reaction of CEO with nucleotides. The reaction of CEO with the 5'-monophosphates of deoxyguanosine, deoxyadenosine, deoxycytidine or deoxythymidine resulted in the formation of at least one adduct for each nucleotide. Using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, CEO-nucleotide adducts (approximately 25% modification) were characterized as 2-cyano-2-hydroxyethyl phosphodiesters. The isolate from the reaction of deoxyguanosine-5'-monophosphate (dGMP) with CEO contained a second adduct, identified as N7-(2-cyano-2-hydroxyethyl)-dGMP. Single and double strand breaks, which were observed in supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA exposed to CEO (> 50 mM), may arise following formation of cyanohydroxyethyl phosphotriester adducts. The characterization of these phosphodiester adducts in vitro may provide insight into the intermediates responsible for the genotoxic effect of CEO in vivo.
Mechanical Properties of Dual‐Cured Resin Luting Agents for Ceramic Restoration (2007)

Mechanical properties of CEC dual-cured resin luting agent appear adequate for ceramic restorations.
Optical properties of dislocations in wurtzite ZnO single crystals introduced at elevated temperatures (2008)

Optical properties of wurtzite ZnO bulk single crystals in which an arbitrary number (typically 109–1010 cm−2) of fresh dislocations were introduced intentionally by the plastic deformation at elevated temperatures (923–1073 K) were examined. Deformed specimens showed excitonic light emission with photon energies of 3.100 and 3.345 eV, as well as their LO phonon replicas at 11 K. The light intensities increased with increasing dislocation density. The activation energy for a thermal quenching of the 3.100 or 3.345 eV emission band, which corresponds to the depth of the localized energy level associated with the emission band, was estimated to be 0.3±0.1 or 0.05±0.01 eV, respectively. The origin of the energy levels was proposed as point defect complexes involving dislocations. The introduction of the dislocations at the elevated temperatures above 923 K did not influence the intensities of the emission bands except the dislocation-related emission bands.
Multiple spin?phonon relaxation pathways in a Kramer single-ion magnet (2021)

We present a first-principles investigation of spin-phonon relaxation in a molecular crystal of Co2+ single-ion magnets. Our study combines electronic structure calculations with machine-learning force fields and unravels the nature of both the Orbach and the Raman relaxation channels in terms of atomistic processes. We find that although both mechanisms are mediated by the excited spin states, the low temperature spin dynamics is dominated by phonons in the THz energy range, which partially suppress the benefit of having a large magnetic anisotropy. This study also determines the importance of intra-molecular motions for both the relaxation mechanisms and paves the way to the rational design of a new generation of single-ion magnets with tailored spin-phonon coupling.
Chronic treatment of male rats with daidzein and 17β‐oestradiol induces the contribution of EDHF to endothelium‐dependent relaxation (2004)

1. We investigated the effect of chronic (7 days) treatment of male rats with the isoflavone daidzein (0.2 mg kg(-1) sc per day) or 17beta-oestradiol (0.1 mg kg(-1) sc per day) on the contribution of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins and endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF) to endothelium-dependent relaxation of isolated aortic rings. 2. The sensitivity and maximum relaxation to acetylcholine (ACh) were significantly greater in aortic rings from rats treated with daidzein or 17beta-oestradiol, in comparison to vehicle-treated rats. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with N-nitro-l-arginine (l-NOARG) abolished ACh-induced relaxation in the aortae from vehicle-treated rats, but only attenuated relaxation in aortae from daidzein or 17beta-oestradiol-treated rats. The presence of haemoglobin in addition to l-NOARG did not cause any further inhibition of relaxation. 3. The cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin had no effect on endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortae from any treatment group. Charybdotoxin (ChTX), which blocks large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca)) and intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (IK(Ca)), plus apamin, which blocks small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SK(Ca)), but not iberiotoxin, which only blocks BK(Ca), attenuated endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortae from daidzein or 17beta-oestradiol-treated rats. Blockade of K(Ca) channels had no effect on the responses to ACh in aortae from vehicle-treated rats. In aortae from daidzein- or 17beta-oestradiol-treated rats, endothelium-dependent relaxation was also attenuated by inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) epoxygenase with 6-(2-propargylloxyphenyl)hexanoic acid (PPOH) or inhibition of K(IR) channels and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase with barium and oubain, respectively. 4. This study demonstrates that endothelium-dependent relaxation of male rat aorta is normally entirely mediated by NO, whereas treatment with daidzein or 17beta-oestradiol stimulates a contribution from a non-NO, nonprostaglandin factor acting through the opening of SK(Ca) and IK(Ca) channels, and involving activation of Na/K-ATPase, K(IR) and CYP450 epoxygenase. This pattern of sensitivity to the tested inhibitors is consistent with the contribution of EDHF to relaxation. Thus, EDHF contributes to the enhanced endothelium-dependent relaxation that is observed after chronic treatment with the phytoestrogen daidzein or with 17beta-oestradiol.
Experimental development of power consumption in LIPCA-C2 (2007)

Currently a carbon/glass fiber, piezoelectric-ceramic composite, LIPCA, is being investigated for use in micro aerial vehicles, micropumps, vibration control systems, and a number of bio-inspired robotic devices. Many of these applications help demonstrate the growing trend in miniaturization that drives innovative developments in products ranging from pacemakers to cell phones. When designing products for our ever shrinking world not only must the size of the principal components of the system be taken into consideration but also the components of the system that afford functionality as a bi-product of their inclusion. To this end we are referring to the mechanical or electrical systems that provide these devices with the necessary energy to perform their tasks. In order to make efficient use of LIPCA in the previously mentioned applications, the ability to forecast power consumption is essential. In the present investigation, a method of modeling the power consumption of piezoelectric devices is presented and evaluated over a range of frequencies and voltages. Effects of variation in actuator dimension, driving voltage, and frequency are presented. Accuracy of the model is assessed and factors leading to inaccuracies are identified.
Merkel Cell Receptors: Structure and Transducer Function (1981)

An electron microscopic and electrophysiological investigation was made of Merkel cell-neurite complexes in the sinus hair follicles of the cat. These mechanoreceptors respond with very precise phase locking to heavy-frequency vibratory stimuli as well as to static hair displacements. The mechanoelectric transduction process is faster than that known for any other somatic mechanoreceptor. These data show that the nerve endings themselves and not the Merkel cells are the mechanoelectric transducer elements in these receptors.
Array heads for estimating track misregistration (1993)

The authors examine the use of array heads for estimating the data and for providing servo information. A mathematical representation for array heads is developed, and a formula for the maximum likelihood estimate of the track misregistration is found. The case where the offtrack perturbation operator is dependent on the offtrack error is considered. This case requires a joint minimization of two branches of quadratic forms. Simulation results for a specific head configuration are given which validate the estimate and agree with the theoretical convergence rates. The estimate converges quickly enough for practical purposes in a real storage system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coordinate regulation of stromelysin and collagenase genes determined with cDNA probes. (1987)

Secreted proteinases are required for tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling during wound healing and embryonic growth. Thus, the regulation of the genes of secreted proteinases may serve as an interesting model for growth-controlled genes in general. We studied the genes of the secreted proteinases stromelysin and collagenase by using molecularly cloned cDNAs from each proteinase. Stromelysin cDNA was cloned by differential screening of a total cDNA library from rabbit synovial cells treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which yielded a clone of 1.2 kilobase pairs; collagenase cDNA was obtained by cloning reverse transcripts of anti-collagenase-immunoadsorbed polysomal mRNA, which yielded a clone of 0.8 kilobase pairs. Stromelysin and collagenase mRNA species of 2.2 and 2.4 kilobases, respectively, were detected on hybridization blots of RNA from phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated but not untreated rabbit synovial cells. Expression of stromelysin mRNA was also induced in rabbit alveolar macrophages and rabbit brain capillary endothelial cells treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Stromelysin and collagenase mRNA were both induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and cytochalasin B at a constant ratio of the two gene products; this suggests coordinate regulation. The fact that induction was blocked after inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide implicates an indirect signal transduction pathway that requires new protein synthesis.
Fabrication of Silicon and Germanium Nanostructures by Combination of Hydrogen Plasma Dry Etching and VLS Mechanism (2005)

Silicon and germanium nanostructures were fabricated by the combination of dry etching and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism. Gold nanoparticles, about 20 nm in diameter, captured by self-assemble monolayer were adopted as the hard mask for dry etching and catalyst of germanium growth. Reactive ion etching in an inductive coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICPCVD) system was used to fabricate various silicon nanostructures. Instead of CF 4 , SF 6 , and SiCl 4 gases, hydrogen plasma was used alone as the etching species to construct high-aspect-ratio silicon nanowires. Germanium nanostructures were then fabricated on the surface of silicon nanowires by dry etching and VLS mechanism.
Effects of growth hormone administration on dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, androstenedione, testosterone and Cortisol metabolism during nutritional repletion (1991)

This study evaluated whether pharmacological doses of recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) influences androgen or cortisol metabolism during nutritional repletion following prolonged illness. Stable hospitalized adults (three males, seven female) receiving constant calorie and protein intake were studied. An initial control week was followed by a treatment period during which hGH (10 mg/day s.c.) was administered daily. Prior to hGH treatment, serum and 24-h urinary concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DS) were below the normal range; serum androstenedione and testosterone concentrations were within the lower limit of normal. In contrast, serum cortisol (F) and 24-h urinary F excretion were normal. During hGH treatment, nitrogen balance became positive and plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations rose five to seven-fold. However, serum DS, androstenedione, testosterone and F, and urinary F excretion did not change, while 24-h urinary DS excretion fell significantly. Growth hormone administration markedly stimulated protein anabolism but did not increase the low concentrations of circulating androgens or alter the disassociation between adrenal androgen and F release in stable hospitalized males and females. Thus, hGH does not appear to function as a cortical adrenal androgen stimulating hormone (CASH) or regulate adrenal cortisol or gonadal androgen release in this clinical setting.
Multiscale Phenomena in the Solid-Liquid Transition State of a Granular Material: Analysis, Modeling and Experimentation (2010)

Abstract : In this research program, consisting of combined experiments, material characterization, modeling and simulations on sheared systems, we have: (a) mapped out the failure mechanism for force chains, and related these failures to the macroscopic state of the system under monotonic biaxial loading, (b) extended these studies to cyclic shear loading, (c) quantified nonaffine deformation at both the mesoscopic and macroscopic length scales, (d) correlated the above mechanisms and related these mechanisms to dissipation, (e) integrated all of the above findings into a new constitutive theory that embodies elements of thermomechanics (thermodynamics as it applies to constitutive development), micromechanics (a bottom-up approach aimed at developing constitutive laws whose material parameters are expressed in terms of particle scale properties), and micropolar theory (a continuum theory in which each material point bears both translational and rotational degrees of freedom.
In-situ characterization of hedges with a parametric acoustic transducer (2012)

This work reports on the results of outdoor measurements which were carried out using a highly directional parametric acoustic transducer and a 2-D array of microphones. The purpose of these measurements was to determine the frequency and angular dependence of the acoustic transmission loss of hedges (hedgerows). The experimental setup and procedure used in this work enabled us to simulate an approximately plane wave propagation regime and to reduce considerably the effect of ground on the recorded transmission loss data. The results show that a 1.5-2.5m thick hedge can provide a considerable (up to 20 dB) transmission loss which is comparable to that expected from an artificial noise barrier structure. The theory developed by Aylor (JASA 51(1), 197-205, 1972) is used to explain the observed dependencies as a function of the leaf density, size and hedge thickness. An alternative equivalent fluid theory for porous absorber (Horoshenkov et al, JASA 104(3), 1198-1209, 1998) is also used to explain the observed attenuation for sound propagation through the leaf mass.
Dissecting Gq/11-Mediated Plasma Membrane Translocation of Sphingosine Kinase-1 (2020)

Diverse extracellular signals induce plasma membrane translocation of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), thereby enabling inside-out signaling of sphingosine-1-phosphate. We have shown before that G<sub>q</sub>-coupled receptors and constitutively active Gα<sub>q/11</sub> specifically induced a rapid and long-lasting SphK1 translocation, independently of canonical G<sub>q</sub>/phospholipase C (PLC) signaling. Here, we further characterized G<sub>q/11</sub> regulation of SphK1. SphK1 translocation by the M<sub>3</sub> receptor in HEK-293 cells was delayed by expression of catalytically inactive G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-2, p63Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (p63RhoGEF), and catalytically inactive PLCβ<sub>3</sub>, but accelerated by wild-type PLCβ<sub>3</sub> and the PLCδ PH domain. Both wild-type SphK1 and catalytically inactive SphK1-G82D reduced M<sub>3</sub> receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate production, suggesting competition at Gα<sub>q</sub>. Embryonic fibroblasts from Gα<sub>q/11</sub> double-deficient mice were used to show that amino acids W263 and T257 of Gα<sub>q</sub>, which interact directly with PLCβ<sub>3</sub> and p63RhoGEF, were important for bradykinin B<sub>2</sub> receptor-induced SphK1 translocation. Finally, an AIXXPL motif was identified in vertebrate SphK1 (positions 100-105 in human SphK1a), which resembles the Gα<sub>q</sub> binding motif, ALXXPI, in PLCβ and p63RhoGEF. After M<sub>3</sub> receptor stimulation, SphK1-A100E-I101E and SphK1-P104A-L105A translocated in only 25% and 56% of cells, respectively, and translocation efficiency was significantly reduced. The data suggest that both the AIXXPL motif and currently unknown consequences of PLCβ/PLCδ(PH) expression are important for regulation of SphK1 by G<sub>q/11</sub>.
Scanning electron microscopic analysis of rock varnish chemistry for cation-ratio dating : an examination of electron beam penetration depths (1990)

Rock varnish is a microns-thick manganese- and iron-rich coating that forms on exposed rock surfaces in arid and semi-arid environments, and empirical correlations of the varnish cation ratio (K+Ca):Ti with age have been used to estimate ages of geomorphic surfaces. One method of obtaining varnish chemistry for cation-ratio dating involves scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis of natural varnish surfaces. The chemical analyses of rock varnish with SEM/EDX utilize a sequence of accelerating voltages to vary penetration depths into the sample. Using elemental x-ray maps of natural varnish surfaces obtained by SEM/EDX analysis, penetration into the substrate can be recognized at accelerating voltages where contamination with substrate is inferred from SEM/EDX chemical analyses, illustrating the ability of the SEM method to obtain varnish chemistry with minimal inclusion of substrate. Calculations of theoretical x-ray depth-distribution (¢,(pz)) curves in varnish indicate that at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV most of the emitted x-rays are generated in the upper 0.5 µm of a sample. At a higher voltage of 30 kV most of the signal is still restricted to the upper 2 µm, representing a very small percentage of total varnish volume in many cases. The ability of the SEM method to obtain empirical correlations of the chemistry of the uppermost varnish with varnish age suggests that it is not necessary to average the entire varnish coat, and that surface-biased varnish analyses provide similar results as bulk varnish analyses.
Glycobiology of Di- and Oligosialyl Glycotopes. (1999)

α2→8結合ジシアル酸 (diSia) やオリゴシアル酸(oligoSia)(DP=2,3) 構造はガングリオシドの構成成分としてよく知られており、細胞接着、細胞分化、シグナル伝達、時期特異的発現など、多くの生物学的機能を果たしている。一方、そのような短いシアル酸オリゴマーを持つ糖タンパク質の存在や機能についてはこれまでほとんど注目されて来なかった。しかし近年、diSia や oligoSia 構造を微量検出する手法が改良され、天然にはdiSiaおよび oligoSia 含有糖タンパク質がこれまで知られている以上に数多く存在することが明らかにされてきている。そのため糖タンパク質上のdiSiaやoligoSia構造が、既にガングリオシドにおいて明らかにされているような機能を担う可能性が考えられる。この総説ではジシアル酸やオリゴシアル酸の分析法、存在分布、機能、生合成経路における最近の知見を述べる。
Globular Self-aggregates Formed with a Urea-functionalized Resorcinarene Derivative in Chloroform (2005)

Abstract Globular self-aggregates were formed with a resorcinarene derivative having eight N,N′-dialkylurea side-chains, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering and negative-staining transmission electron microscopy. The resulting aggregates were found to bind anions such as chloride and bromide in chloroform.
An Improved Arc Model Before Current Zero Based on the Combined Mayr and Cassie Arc Models (2005)

A computer model that describes the dynamic arc behavior in the high- and low-current regions before current zero is proposed. The model divides the current and voltage waveform in two regions. A differential equation for both regions which unifies current and voltage time derivatives is obtained by means of a generalized function method. The computer waveforms reproduced with the model show good agreement with measured results published in in the low and high current regions, but further comparison with other test measurements are required to know if the model has any feature of predictability.
Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Paris, France, EDP Editors Web of Conferences, open access (2016)

International audience
A multi-expertise application-driven class (2007)

In this paper we report on our experience of teaching a multi-expertise application-driven course in which upper-level undergraduate and entry-level graduate students from computer science, computer graphics technology, and educational science worked together to design, develop and evaluate a distance learning system. We describe the activities pursued in the class, the interactions between the various groups of students, as well as the challenges and advantages ensuing from the great variety of student backgrounds. The success of the course is measured in two ways. First, the class achieved the goal of building a distance learning system that surpasses the state of the art by improving the integration of the remote students into regular on-campus learning. Second, a survey conducted at the end of the course indicates that the application-driven, collaborative, and multi-expertise structure of the class provided a uniquely effective learning experience.
Optimization of Enniatin Production by Solid-Phase Fermentation of Fusarium tricinctum (2013)

Enniatins are cyclic depsipeptides produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium that are of interest due to their pronounced biological activities; especially enniatins A, A 1 , B, and B 1 possess anticarcinogenic and anti-HIV properties. In the present study, F. tricinctum was grown on seven solid media and in one liquid growth medium with or without addition of peptone or of amino acid precursors in order to identify favourable media with simple cultivation conditions for maximum enniatin production. Additionally, the optimal duration of growth was investigated for the highest yields of enniatins. From the different media analysed, white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, solid medium) induced the highest accumulation of enniatins A, A 1 , B, and B 1 , that reached a maximum of 1,365 mg total enniatins in 1 L growth medium after 18 days of fermentation. Fermentation of F. tricinctum on white beans gave the highest yield of enniatins compared to all other media analysed in this study.
The carrier-wave Mollow triplet in experiments on GaAs excited by 5 fs pulses (2003)

With intense 5 fs pulses and improved sample design, we observe the carrier-wave Mollow triplet in bulk GaAs. A dependence on the carrier-envelope offset phase is expected.
PHARMACEUTICALS ‘Heparin-like’ contaminant is associated with adverse reactions (2008)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPHARMACEUTICALS 'Heparin-like' contaminant is associated with adverse reactionsJYLLIAN KEMSLEYCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2008, 86, 10, 13Publication Date (Print):March 10, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 10 March 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v086n010.p013ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v086n010.p013anewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views12Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Heparin,Impurities,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts