gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of medial/lateral rotation of the humerus with glenohumeral translation. (1999)

(a) When the glenohumeral capsuloligamentous complex is intact, the humerus translates maximally in the glenoid (between 20 and 30 mm) when the humerus is between 40 degrees and 100 degrees of lateral rotation. (b) As the glenohumeral capsuloligamentous complex increases in length, so does the extent of translation. (c) In medial rotation, the length of the posterior capsule, rather than the length of the anterior capsule, has the greater effect on anterior/posterior translation. (d) In lateral rotation the length of the anterior capsule, rather than the length of the posterior capsule, has the greater effect on anterior/posterior translation. (e) The glenohumeral ligamentous complex acts more as a cuff, enclosing the joint, rather than as a sling, as is commonly thought.
Active deception model for securing cloud infrastructure (2014)

The proliferation of cloud computing over the past several years has led to a variety of new use cases and enabling technologies for enterprise and consumer applications. Increased reliance on cloud-based platforms has also necessitated an increased emphasis on securing the services and data hosted within those platforms. From a security standpoint, an advantage of cloud platforms over traditional production networks is that they have a dynamic, mutable structure that can change as a result of a variety of factors, so reconnaissance on the part of an attacker is far less predictable. In this work, we propose a novel technique that leverages the amorphous nature of cloud architectures to deceive and redirect potential intruders with decoy assets implanted among production hosts. In this way, attackers encounter and probe decoys that lead them to reveal their motives and cause them to be less likely to compromise their intended target, particularly once they have revealed their tactics against decoy assets. We show that our technique, after having been exposed to live traffic for approximately one month, detected 1,255 highly malicious hosts and was able to divert 97.5% of malicious traffic from these hosts. This traffic would have otherwise reached production hosts and potentially led to compromise.
Synthesis, anti-HIV and anti-Proliferative Activity of New Urea and Nitrosourea Derivatives of Amino Acids (1991)

A series of N-methyl, N-(2-chloroethyl) and N-propargyl urea and nitrosourea derivatives of amino acids were synthesized and tested for anti-HIV and anti-proliferative activity. All the agents tested showed only a weak activity to counteract the cytopathic effects of the HIV-1 virus on a T4 lymphocyte cell line (CEM-IW). At high concentration, the N-methyl and N-propargyl ureas were cytotoxic. The nitrosoureas failed to suppress cell proliferation of uninfected CEM-IW cells. The lack of activity and cytotoxicity of the nitrosoureas in this model could be explained by their short chemical half-life.
Crystal structure of trigadolinium(III) rhenium(VII) octaoxide, Gd3ReO8 (2000)

Gd 3 0 8 Re, monoclinic, P\2\ln\ (No. 14), a = 7.3050(3) , b = 6.0328(3) , = 13.7693(7) , = 98.472(5), V = 600.2 3 , = 4, R gt (F) = 0.069, wR(F) = 0.068, = 293 .
Computer-controlled automation of radioimmunoassay based on gel entrapment of antibody. (1975)

We describe a new, broadly applicable approach to radioimmunoassay. Solid-phase binding reagent is prepared by entrapping antibody in polyacrylamide gel. This gel is then fragmented, sieved, and dehydrated in 95 percent ethanol. Upon evaporation of the ethanol, the dry antibody-gel particles are dispensed into miniature disposable plastic columns. A unidirectional flowing stream configuration is used to construct a standard curve for the polypeptide hormone, angiotensin I, used here to exemplify the technique. Good reproducibility of this standard curve is demonstrated. The analytical system includes a computer-controlled sample turntable, digital pipet, and liquid-switching assembly.
A Hybrid Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Model for Predicting Dissolved Oxygen in an Aquaculture Pond (2010)

The prediction for dissolved oxygen (DO) in aquaculture ponds is a problem of multi-variables, nonlinearity and long-time lag. Neural networks (NNs) have become one of ideal tools in modeling nonlinear relationship between inputs and outputs. In this work, GA-LM, a neural network model combining Levenberg-Marquardt(LM) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) was developed for predicting DO in an aquaculture pond at Dalian, China. LM was used to train NNs, showing faster convergence rate. The network architecture was optimized by GA. The performance of GA-LM has been compared with that of conventional Back-Propagation (BP) algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt(LM) algorithm. The comparison indicates that the predicted DO values using GA-LM model are in good agreement with the measured data. It is demonstrated here that the model is capable of predicting DO accurately, and can offer stronger and better performance than conventional neural networks when used as a quick interpolation and extrapolation tool.
Design Methodologies and CAD for Emerging Nanotechnologies (2013)

With technology scaling reaching the fundamental limits of Si-CMOS in the near future, the semiconductor industry is in quest for innovation from various disciplines of integrated circuit (IC) design. At a fundamental level, technology forms the main driver for innovation, where emerging nanotechnologies based on new transistor material are being investigated. For instance technologies based on nanowires and nanotubes are promising contenders for Si-CMOS due to their high energy efficiency and improved channel properties. The second driver for innovation in IC design is three dimensional (3D) integration. 3D technologies are proven to be cost effective and are being adopted by all the leading fabs. One key driver for the future of IC design is the shift in the design paradigm. Computing paradigms based on new capabilities offered by nanodevices open up new venues for innovation in the field of IC design. This thesis aims at bridging paths between technology and design for exploring new nanotechnologies. This thesis is organized across three different nanotechnologies with an aim to provide novel circuits, architectures and design methodologies in order to leverage the new capabilities offered by these technologies. The considered nanotechnologies are: 3D monolithic integration (3DMI), Silicon nanowire FET (SiNWFET), and Carbon nanotube FET (CNFET). The novelty and contributions of this thesis consists of proposing design methodologies and developing computer aided design (CAD) tools for these nanotechnologies by taking into account the technology constraints. This thesis has an interdisciplinary vision involving process, design and CAD for emerging nanotechnologies. In the first part of the thesis, a physi- cal design tool (CELONCEL) is developed for ultra fine-grain 3DMI circuits, whereby the main aim is to evaluate the performance of 3DMI technology for ASIC design. The second part of the thesis deals with layout technique for double-gate silicon nanowire FET (DG-SiNWFET) when applied to ambipo- lar logic circuits. Novel layout synthesis algorithm is proposed for complex Boolean functions with embedded XOR/XNOR functionality. In the final part of the thesis, robust design techniques for CNFET circuits are presented, whereby the goal is to improve the yield while considering CNT imperfections. Two layout techniques are proposed which take into account mispositioned- immune CNTs and CNT-correlation. For the first time CNFET circuits are benchmarked at a system-level with their respective CMOS counterparts.
β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Youth With Early Type 1 Diabetes From a 2-Hour 7-Sample OGTT (2022)

The 2-hour 7-point OGTT is reliable in individuals with stage 1 T1D for assessment of β-cell responsiveness, SI, and DI. Incorporation of these analyses into current 2-hour diabetes staging and monitoring OGTTs offers the potential to more accurately quantify risk of progression in the early stages of T1D.
The impact of the transient response of organic light emitting diodes on the design of active matrix OLED displays (2002)

Much of the organic light emitting diode (OLED) characterization published to date addresses the high current regime encountered in the operation of passively addressed displays. Higher efficiency and brightness can be obtained by driving with an active matrix, but the lower instantaneous pixel currents place the OLEDs in a completely different operating mode. Results at these low current levels are presented and their impact on active matrix display design is discussed.
Negative oxygen vacancies in HfO2 as charge traps in high-k stacks (2006)

The optical excitation and thermal ionization energies of oxygen vacancies in m-HfO2 are calculated using a non-local density functional theory with atomic basis sets and periodic supercell. The thermal ionization energies of negatively charged V− and V2− centers are consistent with values obtained by the electrical measurements. The results suggest that negative oxygen vacancies are essentially polaronic in origin. They are likely candidates for intrinsic shallow electron traps in the hafnium based gate stack devices.
<title>Micro-organism manipulation and microparticle arrangement by the use of ultrasonic standing waves</title> (2001)

Ultrasonic waves exert acoustic pressure on microparticles in liquid. Consequently microparticles are trapped at the nodes of a standing wave that is excited between a pair of ultrasonic transducers. If two orthogonal standing waves are excited by using two pairs of transducers, microparticles are trapped at the intersecting points of the nodes. A larger trapping force is attainable by ultrasonic trapping than by laser trapping that utilizes a weak optical pressure. Therefore ultrasonic trapping is suitable for the manipulation of biological tissues which easily suffer thermal damage by the exposure to a focused laser beam. Microorganisms such as euglena and paramecia were trapped by the ultrasonic waves of approximately 3 MHz. Trapped microorganisms could be transferred to desired positions by changing the ultrasonic frequency. The aggregation of microorganisms was achievable by the cyclic frequency change. This ultrasonic trapping technique was also used to fabricate composite materials with lattice structure; i.e., polymer, glass, or metal particles were ultrasonically arranged in a polymer matrix during the solidification process of the host polymer.
Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Nitrite Accumulation in Nitrifying Sequencing Batch Reactor (2007)

A mathematical model based on Activated Sludge Model No. 3 (International Water Association, London) and laboratory-scale experiments were used to investigate ammonia conversion by nitrification in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on nitrite accumulation in the SBR. As the dissolved oxygen concentration in the SBR depends on the balance between oxygen consumption and oxygen transfer rates, ammonium conversion was measured for different air flowrate values to obtain different dissolved oxygen concentration profiles during the cycle. The ammonia concentration in the feeding medium was 500 mg ammonium as nitrogen (N-NH4(+))/L, and the maximum nitrite concentration achieved during a cycle was approximately 50 mg nitrite as nitrogen (N-NO2)/L. The air flow supplied to the reactor was identified as a suitable parameter to control nitrite accumulation in the SBR. This identification was carried out based on experimental results and simulation with a calibrated model. At a low value of the volumetric mass-transfer coefficient (kLa), the maximum nitrite concentration achieved during a cycle depends strongly on k(L)a, whereas, at a high value of k(L)a, the maximum nitrite concentration was practically independent of kL(a).
Going back to basics in design science: from the information technology artifact to the information systems artifact (2014)

Abstract The concept of the ‘information technology (IT) artifact’ plays a central role in the information systems (IS) research community's discourse on design science. We pose the alternative concept of the ‘IS artifact’, unpacking what has been called the IT artifact into a separate ‘information artifact’, ‘technology artifact’ and ‘social artifact’. Technology artifacts (such as hardware and software), information artifacts (such as a message) and social artifacts (such as a charitable act) are different kinds of artifacts that together interact in order to form the IS artifact. We illustrate the knowledge value of the IS artifact concept with material from three cases. The result is to restore the idea that the study of design in IS needs to attend to the design of the entire IS artifact, not just the IT artifact. This result encourages an expansion in the use of design science research methodology to study broader kinds of artifacts.
A New Technique for Superselective Catheterization of Arteries: Preshaping of a Micro-Guide Wire into a Shepherd's Hook Form (2007)

We developed a technique that is effective for superselection of vessels with preshaping of micro-guide wire into a shepherd's hook form, and we successfully applied it during chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. This technique can be useful for superselection of small arteries that branch from a large parent artery at acute angles for the treatment of tumors and hemorrhages.
Metabolism of Ethaboxam in Soil (2003)

Ethaboxam, N-[cyano(2-thienyl)methyl]-4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide, is a new systemic fungicide against Oomycetes. An aerobic metabolism study was carried out for 60 days with [14C]ethaboxam applied at a concentration of 0.372 μg g-1 in a sandy loamy soil. The material balance ranged from 95 to 101% and showed a half-life of 17 days. The metabolites identified were N-[(Z)-amino(2-thienyl)methylidene]-4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide (AMETC), 4-ethyl -2-(ethylamino)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide (ETTC), 4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-N-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide (ETC), and 4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (ETCA). AMETC, ETTC, ETC and E T C A were recovered with a maximum level of 33, 10, 6 and 2% of the amount of applied radiocarbon, respectively, at 60 days after treatments. Evolved [14C] carbon dioxide accounted for up to 18% and no volatile products were detected. Solvent non-extractable soil bound 14C-residue reached 38% of the applied material at 60 days after treatment and radiocarbon in humin fraction was a major portion (20%) while humic acid and fulvic acid fraction retained 4 and 8%, respectively. Incubation of individual metabolite in soil with or without thiophene-2-carboxamide (TP) suggested that AMETC could be formed by the recombination of TP and ETC, which could be produced from the degradation of ETTC. All metabolites degraded in soil with half-lives ranging from 8 to 23 days.
Nox2 and Nox4 influence neonatal c-kit+ cardiac precursor cell status and differentiation (2013)

Redox status has emerged as critical in modulating stemness and lineage commitment in several precursor cell types. However, a role for redox genes, specifically NADPH oxidases (Nox), in cardiac precursor cells (CPCs) has not been established. We tested whether CPCs marked by type III receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit (c-kit(+)) exhibit a unique NADPH oxidase signature that confers precursor status and whether alterations in this profile are functionally linked to changes in lineage specification. Dihydroethidium (DHE) microfluorography indicated reduced basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation within early postnatal c-kit(+) CPCs. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed downregulation of ROS generator Nox2 and its subunit p67(phox) in c-kit(+) CPCs under basal conditions but upregulation of Nox2 and Nox4 over the course of differentiation. Adenoviral silencing of Nox2 and Nox4 increased expression of CPC markers c-kit and Flk-1 and blunted smooth and cardiac muscle differentiation, respectively, while overexpression of Nox2 and Nox4 significantly reduced c-kit expression. These changes were accompanied by altered expression of transcription factors regulating cardiac lineage commitment, Gata6 and Gata4, and cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Similar to other precursor cell types, RT(2)Profiler PCR Arrays revealed that c-kit(+) CPCs also exhibit enhanced antioxidant capacity at the mRNA level. In conclusion, we report that c-kit(+) CPCs demonstrate reduced Nox2 expression and ROS levels and that increases in Nox2 and Nox4 influence their differentiation into mature cells. We speculate that ROS generators Nox2 and Nox4, along with the antioxidant genes identified by PCR Arrays, may be novel targets in CPCs that could prove useful in cell-based therapy of the heart.
Book Reviews (1982)

Early Language: Acquisition and Intervention R. L. Schiefelbusch and D. D. Bricker (Eds.), Baltimore, University Park Press, 1981 % 606. $29.95.Fontiers of Knowledge in Mental Retardation. Volume I. Social, Educational, and Behavioural Aspects. Peter Mittler (Ed.) Baltimore, Maryland. University Park Press. 1981. xxxvii % 467. $34.50.Learning Disabilities, Theories Diagnosis and Teaching Strategjes Janet Lerner. Bost on. Houghton Mifflin Company. 1981. 541 pages. $25.50.Assessment in Special and Remedial Education Second Edition J. Salvia and J. E. Ysseldyke. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1981. 599 pages. $27.50.Communicating with Normal and Retarded Children W. I., Fraser and R. Grieve (Eds.) Bristol. John Wright and Sons Ltd. 1981. 189 pages. $18.95, paper.Occupational Therapy. Practice Skills for Physical Dysfunction Lorraine Pedretti. St. Louis, USA. C. V. Mosby). 1981. vii % 400.
Modelling DW-MRI data from primary and metastatic ovarian tumours (2015)

• DW-MRI data in ovarian cancer show deviation from mono-exponential behaviour • Parameters derived from the stretched exponential model showed good repeatability (CV 7%) • The bi-exponential model was unsuitable because of poor parameter repeatability • The stretched exponential model showed comparable repeatability to the mono-exponential model • The extra parameter (α) provides scope for investigation of heterogeneity or response.
Using Biomarkers of Tolerance and Rejection to Identify High- and Low-Risk Patients Following Kidney Transplantation (2009)

Despite great improvements in renal allograft survival over the last 3 decades, long-term graft loss, particularly through antibody-mediated rejection, remains the bane of kidney transplantation. Interindividual patient variation means that a given immunosuppressive regimen may be inadequate in certain patients and excessive in others. Currently, there is no way of personalizing such treatments. We believe that this may be made possible by evaluating the degree of immunologic "risk" in a transplant recipient. Such immunological risk assessment would enable those patients at low risk to be at least partially or totally weaned from immunosuppression, whereas those at high risk could benefit from an increase or adjustment in their immunosuppression. Here, we outline our own group's efforts in the identification of peripheral blood biomarkers of high- and low-immunologic risk in relationship to the current literature on the subject.
디지털기술의 발전과 문화콘텐츠산업의 동향 (2002)

디지털 기술의 급속한 발전은 음반, 영화, 애니메이션, 게임 등 문화상품 제작방식에서의 디지털화를 촉진하고 있다. 동시에 제품의 판매에서도 온라인을 통한 소비자에게 직접 유통하는 방식을 창출하는 등 문화산업에서의 혁신적인 변화를 초래하고 있다. 문화산업의 디지털화는 높은 성장성과 수익성을 창출할 것으로 전망되기 때문에 세계각국에서 전략산업으로 육성하고 있다. 우리 정부에서는 디지털 문화콘텐츠 산업을 국가 전략산업으로 육성하기 위해서는 법적 제도적 지원체제의 완비와 투자자금 지원 등을 위한 체제를 정비해야 할 것이다. 동시에 우수한 디지털 문화콘텐츠 인력을 양성할 수 있는 교육시스템의 구축이 매우 시급한 것으로 보여진다.
A convenient solid-phase strategy for the synthesis of antimicrobial cyclic lipopeptides (2013)

A concise solid-phase synthesis of cyclic lipopeptides derived from the antimicrobial peptide c(Lys-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Phe-Lys-Lys-Leu-Gln) (BPC194) was accomplished. Three different synthetic routes were explored. Best results were obtained using a protocol that includes as key steps: (i) synthesis of the cyclic peptidyl resin incorporating the Lys residue to be acylated protected at the N(ε)-amino group with an ivDde group, (ii) selective removal of the ivDde group, and (iii) acylation. These compounds were screened for their in vitro growth inhibition of bacterial and fungal phytopathogens and for their cytotoxic effects on eukaryotic cells. A sequence with high antimicrobial activity and low hemolysis was identified, constituting a good candidate for the design of new antimicrobial agents.
The association of sialyl Lewis(a) antigen with the metastatic potential of human colon cancer cells. (1998)

These findings suggest that s-Le(a) plays an important role in cell adhesion molecules, in the metastasis of colon cancer.
ACTIVITY OF GH/IGF-I AXIS IN CATABOLIC PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS OR TRAUMA (1997)

Gallioli, G.1; Pittoni, G.2; Zanello, M.3; Colombo, S.1; Santoro, C.3; Toppan, M.2; Gianotti, L.4; Broglio, F.4; Arvat, E.4; Papini, M G.5; Boghen, M F.5; Miola, C.5; Ghigo, E.4 Author Information
Brain Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Signaling Controls the Onset of High-Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Reduces Energy Expenditure (2008)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a peptide released by the intestine and the brain. We previously demonstrated that brain GLP-1 increases glucose-dependent hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. These two features are major characteristics of the onset of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether blocking brain GLP-1 signaling would prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes in the mouse. Our data show that a 1-month chronic blockage of brain GLP-1 signaling by exendin-9 (Ex9), totally prevented hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in HFD mice. Furthermore, food intake was dramatically increased, but body weight gain was unchanged, showing that brain GLP-1 controlled energy expenditure. Thermogenesis, glucose utilization, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, muscle glycolytic respiratory index, UCP2 expression in muscle, and basal ambulatory activity were all increased by the exendin-9 treatment. Thus, we have demonstrated that in response to a HFD, brain GLP-1 signaling induces hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and decreases energy expenditure by reducing metabolic thermogenesis and ambulatory activity.
Balancing access to highly accessed keys in peer-to-peer systems (2004)

Classical distributed computing projects generally use a specialized client/server model. Recent approaches, such as BOINC, favor instead the development of distributed computing platforms, relying on a generic client/server model. We propose a fully decentralized computing model, considering all participant as peers that can submit personalized computing tasks to any number of other peers currently offering their services, listed in a peer directory. Our model is built upon Chord, a particular distributed hash table. Chord allows load balancing of the number of keys per node, but offers no way to balance the bandwidth load of a frequently accessed key, such as a peer directory. Our model extends Chord with load balancing of those access-intensive keys. We present a modelization of the bandwidth and storage costs of our model and experimental performance results using a variable number of peers, tasks, tasks time, and a variable ratio of contributors and solicitors roles among peers.