gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of an Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker, Valsartan, on Neurohumoral Factors in Patients with Hypertension: Comparison with a Long-Acting Calcium Channel Antagonist, Amlodipine (2003)

This study compared the effects of amlodipine and valsartan on the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and brain natriuretic peptide, which are considered important parameters of the long-term prognosis. Seventy-three elderly patients, who had received antihypertensive treatment for more than 6 months with amlodipine, participated in this study. They were randomized to the V group (n = 36) and switched to valsartan from amlodipine, or to the A group (n = 37), which continued treatment with amlodipine. The dose of valsartan was set as that which controlled the blood pressure to the same extent as before switching. Blood samples were measured before and after 6 months of therapy. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance with the Newman-Keuls test. In the V group, norepinephrine (from 597.0 +/- 52.9 to 475 +/- 43.8 pg/ml, p < 0.05) and aldosterone (from 74.5 +/- 7.0 to 53.9 +/- 5.3 pg/ml, p < 0.001) were decreased significantly after 6 months, although norepinephrine and aldosterone levels were unchanged in the A group. However, brain natriuretic peptide did not show a difference between the two groups. These findings suggested that valsartan is probably superior to amlodipine with respect to less activation of the sympathetic nervous system and preventing upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Unsteady CFD computations using vertex‐centered finite volumes for unstructured grids on Graphics Processing Units (2010)

Abstract This paper presents a Navier–Stokes solver for steady and unsteady turbulent flows on unstructured/hybrid grids, with triangular and quadrilateral elements, which was implemented to run on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The paper focuses on programming issues for efficiently porting the CPU code to the GPU, using the CUDA language. Compared with cell‐centered schemes, the use of a vertex‐centered finite volume scheme on unstructured grids increases the programming complexity since the number of nodes connected by edge to any other node might vary a lot. Thus, delicate GPU memory handling is absolutely necessary in order to maximize the speed‐up of the GPU implementation with respect to the Fortran code running on a single CPU core. The developed GPU‐enabled code is used to numerically study steady and unsteady flows around the supercritical airfoil OAT15A, by laying emphasis on the transonic buffet phenomenon. The computations were carried out on NVIDIA's Ge‐Force GTX 285 graphics cards and speed‐ups up to ∼46 × (on a single GPU, with double precision arithmetic) are reported. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation research of a high-current ion source extraction system for nuclear fusion (1996)

We have studied beam optical characteristics of a high-current ion source extraction system for nuclear fusion research by means of numerical simulation. The effect of ion source plasma parameters (plasma density, electron, and ion temperature) on initial emission conditions is taken into account, and the effect of stray electrons from the source plasma and the effect of ion space charge nonlinear force in the beam on the beam optical characteristic are also taken into account in an improved calculation program. For a 55 keV high-current ion extraction system, the calculation results show: the matched ion current density of hydrogen and deuterium is 0.22 and 0.155 A cm−2, respectively, when the ion temperature is increased, the beam optical characteristic is degraded, and the effect of first-electrode geometry on the beam optics is the most sensitive. Attention should be paid to the design and manufacture of the electrode. Those results are essentially in agreement with experimental measurements.
A Low Phase Noise VCO Based on Substrate-Integrated Suspended Line Technology (2017)

This letter presents a low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on substrate-integrated suspended line (SISL) technology. With the proposed SISL technology, high-Q resonators and inductors can be realized to improve the phase noise performance. In addition, a transformed radial stub resonator is adopted to stabilize frequency and to make the circuit compact at the same time. The designed VCO achieved a phase noise of -132 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset from a 4.16-GHz carrier with an output power around 4.6 dBm. And the VCO size is only 28.94×20.75 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Compared to other board level VCOs, this design has low phase noise, low power consumption, and compact size with the features of self-package simultaneously.
Real-time realization of digital surface models and slope map using lidar for UAV navigation in challenging environment (2019)

During the last two decades, several research papers have addressed robust filtering algorithms for the airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. Although most of these filtering algorithms are accurate and robust, they are limited to postprocessing since they rely on complex algorithms and needs high execution time if implemented in an embedded processor. There are number of applications that require generating digital surface models (DSMs) in real-time such as path planning for ground vehicles, where a UAV equipped with a LiDAR scan the terrain ahead to find the path ahead of a ground vehicle. LiDAR scans are also critical to assist with finding the most suitable region for UAV Landing. With the growing demand for safe operation of autonomous systems like UAVs, there is a need for efficient LiDAR processing algorithms capable of generating DSMs in real-time. The aim of this research is to discuss the design of an efficient algorithm that can filter LiDAR point cloud, generate DSM and operate in real-time. The algorithm is suitable for real-time implementation on limited resources embeddedprocessors without the need for a supercomputer. It is also capable of estimating the slope maps from the DSM. The proposed method was successfully implemented in C++ in real-time and was examined in an airborne platform. With comparison to the reference data, we were able to demonstrate the capability of the developed method to distinguish, in real-time, the roofs of the buildings (areas of low slope) from the edges of the same buildings (areas of high slope).
Measurement of electron-impact excitation in boronlike carbon (1987)

We have measured the cross section for the electron-impact excitation of ${\mathrm{C}}^{+}$(2${s}^{2}$2p $^{2}$P\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2s2${p}^{2}$ $^{2})$ in a colliding-beams apparatus for several collision energies near the threshold for the process. We find a cross section of (1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at threshold. Reasonable agreement is found with close-coupling calculations.
Deacidification of Cranberry Juice by Electrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes (2014)

Cranberry is recognized for its many benefits on human health; however, its high acidity may be a limiting factor for its consumption. This study aimed to investigate the deacidification of cranberry juice using a two simultaneous step electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM) process. In step 1 (deacidification), during the 6 h treatment, the pH of the juice increased from 2.47 to 2.71 and a deacidification rate of 22.84% was obtained, whereas in step 2 (pH lowering) the pH of juice 2 was almost stable. Citric, quinic, and malic acid were extracted with a maximum of 25% and were mainly transferred to the KCl 2 fraction. A significant loss of anthocyanins in juice 2 (step 2) was observed, due to their oxidation by oxygen incorporated by the centrifugal pump. This also affected its coloration. The first step of the EDBM process was successful for cranberry juice deacidification and could be improved by increasing the number of membranes stacked.
Tackling Technical Research (2016)

At the end of their studies, master's degree students can get very close to solving research problems, but sometimes they can be very easily discouraged, dropping the option to earn a Ph.D. degree. Their listlessness and disorientation might be due to their lack of knowledge of what is research, science, and engineering (and innovation). The lack of understanding combined with 1) the impact of deal ing with heavy research subjects (the analysis of the state of the art, the understanding of the problem, and the project development) and 2) the memory of their just-finished, often-boring laboratory sessions, reporting activities can be disappointing and cause students to lose interest, especially if some basic ideas are not clear.
Evolving The Mobile Phone Orchestra (2010)

In this paper, we describe the development of the Stanford Mobile Phone Orchestra (MoPhO) since its inceptionin 2007. As a newly structured ensemble of musicians withiPhones and wearable speakers, MoPhO takes advantageof the ubiquity and mobility of smartphones as well asthe unique interaction techniques offered by such devices.MoPhO offers a new platform for research, instrument design, composition, and performance that can be juxtaposedto that of a laptop orchestra. We trace the origins of MoPhO,describe the motivations behind the current hardware andsoftware design in relation to the backdrop of current trendsin mobile music making, detail key interaction conceptsaround new repertoire, and conclude with an analysis onthe development of MoPhO thus far.
Bifurcation and final patterns of a modified Swift-Hohenberg equation (2017)

In this paper, we study the dynamical bifurcation and final patterns of a modified Swift-Hohenberg equation(MSHE). We prove that the MSHE bifurcates from the trivial solution to an $S^1$-attractor as the control parameter $\alpha $ passes through a critical number $\hat{\alpha }$. Using the center manifold analysis, we study the bifurcated attractor in detail by showing that it consists of finite number of singular points and their connecting orbits. We investigate the stability of those points. We also provide some numerical results supporting our analysis.
Supplemental Table 2 from Genome-Wide Profiling of TRACK Kidneys Shows Similarity to the Human ccRCC Transcriptome (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 2. All 98 GO biological process ontologies that are over-represented in the differentially expressed (DE) genes.&lt;/p&gt;
Europium metal–organic frameworks as recyclable and selective turn-off fluorescent sensors for aniline detection (2016)

Seven Eu-(H)BDC compounds, [RMI][Eu<sub>2</sub>(BDC)<sub>3</sub>Cl] (R = ethyl (1), propyl (2), butyl (3), H<sub>2</sub>BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid), [EMI]<sub>2</sub>[Eu<sub>2</sub>(BDC)<sub>3</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>BDC)Cl<sub>2</sub>] (4), [Eu(BDC)(HCOO)] (5), [Eu(BDC)Cl(H<sub>2</sub>O)] (6) and [Eu<sub>3</sub>(BDC)<sub>4</sub>Cl(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>] (7), were synthesized under ionothermal conditions. Compounds 4 and 6 behave as potential highly selective turn-off fluorescent sensors for aniline, which can be detected in mixtures of aniline with contrast organic amides or alkylbenzenes. Fluorescence quenching can be observed when compounds 4 and 6 mix with the samples containing aniline. Compounds 4 and 6 show basically unchanged emission intensities and rapid response to aniline after ten recycling tests, suggesting that the compounds have high stable recycle repeatabilities.
Observations of Deformation in Spherulitic Polyethylene (1970)

A thin film marker technique is described for determining quantitatively from replicas the nonhomogeneous deformation modes operative in spherulitic polyethylene. Experiments were conducted at temperatures from −20° to 120°C and strain rates of the order of 0.04 sec−1. At −20°C, pronounced deformation at spherulite boundaries is observed. This results in stress concentrations which cause the accompanying nonhomogeneous deformation of the spherulites themselves to occur. At 70°C, corresponding to the α relaxation, the deformation has become almost entirely homogeneous within lamellae. At 120°C, corresponding to the α′ relaxation, lamellar boundary slip is clearly observed in addition to homogeneous deformation.
A general purpose design automation file system (1967)

This file system grew out of exploratory work in the file system-terminal area. The main reason for such a project was to explore file organizations that would be useful for a wide range of Design Automation applications. The specific problem we chose was the update and maintenance of logic sheets. A secondary reason was to gain some knowledge of how the standard capabilities of OS/360 could be used to implement a file system.
User online behavior based on big data distributed clustering algorithm (2020)

With the development of big data technology more and more perfect, many colleges and universities have begun to use it to analyze the construction work. In daily life, such as class, study, and entertainment, the campus network exists. The purpose of this article is to study the online behavior of users, analyze students’ use of the campus network by analyzing students, and not only have a clear understanding of the students’ online access but also feedback on the operation and maintenance of the campus network. Based on the big data, this article uses distributed clustering algorithm to study the online behavior of users. This article selects a college online user as the research object and studies and analyzes the online behavior of school users. This study found that the second-year student network usage is as high as 330,000, which is 60.98% more than the senior. In addition, the majority of student users spend most of their online time on the weekend, and the other time is not much different. The duration is concentrated within 1 h, 1–2 h, 2–3 h in these three time periods. By studying the user’s online behavior, you can understand the utilization rate of the campus network bandwidth resources and the distribution of the use of the network, to prevent students from indulging in the virtual network world, and to ensure that the network users can improve the online experience of the campus network while accessing the network resources reasonably. The research provides a reference for network administrators to adjust network bandwidth and optimize the network.
Smart product design for automotive systems (2018)

Automobiles evolved from primarily mechanical to electro-mechanical, or mechatronic, vehicles. For example, carburetors have been replaced by fuel injection and air-fuel ratio control, leading to order of magnitude improvements in fuel economy and emissions. Mechatronic systems are pervasive in modern automobiles and represent a synergistic integration of mechanics, electronics and computer science. They are smart systems, whose design is more challenging than the separate design of their mechanical, electronic and computer/control components. In this review paper, two recent methods for the design of mechatronic components are summarized and their applications to problems in automotive control are highlighted. First, the combined design, or co-design, of a smart artifact and its controller is considered. It is shown that the combined design of an artifact and its controller can lead to improved performance compared to sequential design. The coupling between the artifact and controller design problems is quantified, and methods for co-design are presented. The control proxy function method, which provides ease of design as in the sequential approach and approximates the performance of the co-design approach, is highlighted with application to the design of a passive/active automotive suspension. Second, the design for component swapping modularity (CSM) of a distributed controller for a smart product is discussed. CSM is realized by employing distributed controllers residing in networked smart components, with bidirectional communication over the network. Approaches to CSM design are presented, as well as applications of the method to a variable-cam-timing engine, and to enable battery swapping in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
A Dangerous Goods Detection Approach Based on YOLOv3 (2018)

In modern life, safety inspection plays an indispensable role at almost every corner of the society. Owing to the rapid growth of urban population and travel demand, people's requirement for security is growing. The measures of safety inspection changes from manual work to auxiliary machinery in the wake of scientific-technical progress. In the recent decades, as X-ray scanners have been widely used in safety inspection, real-time dangerous goods detection in X-ray images is more and more important. However, some dangerous goods are so small that it is difficult to detect them. In this paper, we present a detection method based on YOLOv3 which preprocess the data sets to improve detection accuracy of small objects. We divide the original images into several sub-images that are mainly in size of 416×416 by the contours of luggage. By training YOLOv3 with these sub-images, we reduce the errors of resizing input images. The experiment results show that our method perform better than YOLOv3 in small object detection.
Gold(I) N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes with Naphthalimide Ligands as Combined Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitors and DNA Intercalators (2014)

Organometallic conjugates consisting of a gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) moiety and a naphthalimide were prepared and investigated as cytotoxic agents that interact with both DNA and the disulfide reductase enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). The complexes were potent DNA intercalators related to their naphthalimide partial structure, inhibited TrxR as a consequence of the incorporation of the gold(I) moiety, and triggered efficient cytotoxic effects in MCF-7 breast and HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. Strong effects on tumor cell metabolism were noted for the most cytotoxic complex, chlorido[1-(3'-(4''-ethylthio-1'',8''-naphthalimid-N''-yl))-propyl-3-methyl-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I) (4 d). In conclusion, the conjugation of naphthalimides with gold(I) NHC moieties provided a useful strategy for the design of bioorganometallic anticancer agents with multiple modes of action.
Mitochondrial capacity, muscle endurance, and low energy in friedreich ataxia (2016)

Non-invasive measures of skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity and muscle-specific endurance are useful in monitoring FRDA. Muscle Nerve 56: 773-779, 2017.
Effects of Obesity, short‐term soy vs casein protein diet and DMBA on Liver CYP 1A1 and CYP 1B1 Expression in Ovariectomized Obese Zucker Rats (2009)

Obesity is a risk factor for post‐menopausal breast cancer development. We have shown that obesity increases DMBA‐induced mammary tumor development in intact and ovariectomized Zucker rats. Several data suggest that DMBA requires metabolic activation to exert its carcinogenic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of obesity and high‐isoflavone soy (high‐isof soy) vs casein diet on hepatic expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 following DMBA treatment in obese and lean ovariectomized Zucker rats. Forty day‐old, ovariectomized obese (n=40) and lean (n=40), Zucker rats were administered a diet containing either casein or high‐isof soy protein isolate and 10 days later were orally gavaged with either with sesame oil (control) or with 65 mg/kg DMBA in sesame oil. All rats were sacrificed 24 hrs post‐DMBA treatment. Liver microsomes were prepared and CYP1A1 and CYP 1B1 expression was measured by Western blotting using goat anti‐mouse CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 antibodies. DMBA treatment significantly (p&lt;0.001) increased expression of CYP1A1 in lean and obese ovariectomized rats in both casein and high‐isof soy‐fed group compared to the oil control groups. High‐isof soy diet decreased (p&lt;0.001) CYP1A1 expression in DMBA treated lean rats compared to lean casein‐fed rats but CYP1A1 expression was increased (p&lt;0.001) by DMBA in obese soy‐fed rats compared to high‐isof soy‐fed lean rats. CYP1B1 expression was not affected by diet, obesity or DMBA. These data suggest that obesity can increase the expression of enzymes that are responsible for DMBA metabolism in the ovariectomized Zucker rat model. (Supported by Susan G. Komen Foundation and ABI to RH).
Monitoring the AIDS Epidemic in the United States: A Network Approach (1989)

Respondents in the 1988 General Social Survey (GSS) were asked to scan their acquaintance networks to identify all those who had been a victim of a homicide or had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Estimates of the sex, race, age, and regional breakdowns for homicides in the last year and for people with AIDS were compared with official statistics. The GSS estimates for the distribution of homicide victims replicate the official statistics quite well. The GSS estimates for AIDS cases suggest that the data provided to the Centers for Disease Control may underestimate by a substantial margin the prevalence of AIDS in the white population of higher socioeconomic status, overstate the relative prevalence of the disease in the minority populations, underestimate the prevalence of the disease in the Midwest, and overstate it for the East.
Novel Lipofuscin Bisretinoids Prominent in Human Retina and in a Model of Recessive Stargardt Disease (2009)

Bisretinoid adducts accumulate as lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells of the eye and are implicated in the pathology of inherited and age-related macular degeneration. Characterization of the bisretinoids A2E and the all-trans-retinal dimer series has shown that these pigments form from reactions in photoreceptor cell outer segments that involve all-trans-retinal, the product of photoisomerization of the visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal. Here we have identified two related but previously unknown RPE lipofuscin compounds. By high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, we determined that the first of these compounds is a phosphatidyl-dihydropyridine bisretinoid; to indicate this structure and its formation from two vitamin A-aldehyde (A2), we will refer to it as A2-dihydropyridine-phosphatidylethanolamine (A2-DHP-PE). The second pigment, A2-dihydropyridine-ethanolamine, forms from phosphate hydrolysis of A2-DHP-PE. The structure of A2-DHP-PE was corroborated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and density functional theory confirmed the presence of a dihydropyridine ring. This lipofuscin pigment is a fluorescent compound with absorbance maxima at approximately 490 and 330 nm, and it was identified in human, mouse, and bovine eyes. We found that A2-DHP-PE forms in reaction mixtures of all-trans-retinal and phosphatidylethanolamine, and in mouse eyecups we observed an age-related accumulation. As compared with wild-type mice, A2-DHP-PE is more abundant in mice with a null mutation in Abca4 (ATP-binding cassette transporter 4), the gene causative for recessive Stargardt macular degeneration. Efforts to clarify the composition of RPE lipofuscin are important because these compounds are targets of gene-based and drug therapies that aim to alleviate ABCA4-related retinal disease.