gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Pathways to Personalized Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes (2021)

The goal of personalized medicine is to match the right drugs to the right patients at the right time. Personalized medicine has been most successful in cases where there is a clear genetic linkage between a disease and a therapy. This is not the case with type 1 diabetes (T1D), a genetically complex immune-mediated disease of β-cell destruction. Researchers over decades have traced the natural history of disease sufficiently to use autoantibodies as predictive biomarkers for disease risk and to conduct successful clinical trials of disease-modifying therapy. Recent studies, however, have highlighted heterogeneity associated with progression, with nonuniform rate of insulin loss and distinct features of the peri-diagnostic period. Likewise, there is heterogeneity in immune profiles and outcomes in response to therapy. Unexpectedly, from these studies demonstrating perplexing complexity in progression and response to therapy, new biomarker-based principles are emerging for how to achieve personalized therapies for T1D. These include therapy timed to periods of disease activity, use of patient stratification biomarkers to align therapeutic target with disease endotype, pharmacodynamic biomarkers to achieve personalized dosing and appropriate combination therapies, and efficacy biomarkers for "treat-to-target" strategies. These principles provide a template for application of personalized medicine to complex diseases.
Non-invasive distal femoral expandable endoprosthesis for limb-salvage surgery in paediatric tumours (2006)

We report our early experience with the use of a non-invasive distal femoral expandable endoprosthesis in seven skeletally immature patients with osteosarcoma of the distal femur. The patients had a mean age of 12.1 years (9 to 15) at the time of surgery. The prosthesis was lengthened at appropriate intervals in outpatient clinics, without anaesthesia, using the principle of electromagnetic induction. The patients were functionally evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society scoring system. The mean follow-up was 20.2 months (14 to 30). The prostheses were lengthened by a mean of 25 mm (4.25 to 55) and maintained a mean knee flexion of 110 degrees (100 degrees to 120 degrees ). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 68% (11 to 29). Complications developed in two patients; one developed a flexion deformity of 25 degrees at the knee joint, which was subsequently overcome and one died of disseminated disease. The early results from patients treated with this device have been encouraging. The implant avoids multiple surgical procedures, general anaesthesia and assists in maintaining leg-length equality.
QoS analyses of multimedia traffic in heterogeneous wireless IP networks (2002)

The Internet should allow introduction of multimedia in cellular networks, which are voice-oriented. The mobility of the users and different traffic types are introducing quality of service support in wireless IP environments. The features of IP, under the conditions in cellular networks and additional classification of the traffic, is the key element. QoS in packet networks is considered by admission control at the start of a call and QoS mechanisms for QoS support during its lifetime. Here we have made analyses considering the admission of different flows in the wireless part.
Analysis of different head and neck responses in rear-end car collisions using a new humanlike mathematical model (1994)

A study was carried out using detailed traffic accident data from rear-end car collisions involving Volvo cars. Vehicle and occupant related parameters influencing the risk of neck injury were identified. A new humanlike occupant model was developed in MADYMO-format comprising a mechanical equivalent of the complex spine. The motions of the occupant model were compared to volunteer data from a corresponding rear-end impact situation. The biofidelity of the model was found to be adequate for qualitative assessment of the influence of occupant and vehicle related parameters on the occupant response. Tensile and shear forces between adjacent vertebrae, head angular acceleration and flow of the lower cervical spine were found to best predict risk of injury in this model. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 881069.
MISDIAGNOSIS OF SWELLING AND PAIN RELATED TO LONG-TERM ENDODONTICALLY TREATED MOLAR TOOTH (2016)

Flare-up following endodontic treatment is an undesirable complication. In this case report, the patient presented with severe pain and swelling in the mandibular left quadrant, related to teeth # 35 and # 36. Clinical evaluation revealed an intraoral palpable bluish swelling. Past dental history showed that tooth # 36 was endodontically treated four years ago. The tooth was asymptomatic until the lingual cusp was fractured. A general practitioner replaced the coronal restoration, prepared the tooth, and took final impression. Immediately after, the patient developed symptoms and received antibiotic and analgesic therapy for three weeks. Following comprehensive clinical assessment, tooth # 35 was excluded as a culprit, and tooth # 36 remained under investigation. Clinical and radiographic examination of tooth # 36 showed a less than-optimal root canal filling, furcation involvement, narrow zone of attached gingiva, and history of replacement of the coronal filling with post and core, which might have had an impact on the ecology of the tooth; all were suggestive of endodontic disease. On the other hand, perplexing signs such as lack of tenderness to percussion and continuity of the lamina dura, suggested otherwise. The case was diagnosed as a previous root canal treatment with normal periapical tissue, and accordingly, endodontic retreatment was instigated. In addition, exploratory surgery was performed and blue pieces of elastomeric impression material were found, which might have been the cause of all the signs and symptoms. In this case, foreign body reaction is a probable diagnosis. The purpose of this report is to forewarn dentists of the risks associated with impression material in case of periodontal disease and to emphasize the importance of prioritizing the patient data to avoid the pitfalls of misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.
Robust visual tracking using feature selection (2014)

Visual tracking has become a very important component in computer vision, but achieving a robust, reliable and real time tracking remains a real challenge.In order to improve the actual state-of-the-art, we choose to study and improve one of the most performing adaptive tracker by detection. We selected Struck [27] for this quality performance and his low computational cost that makes it real time. Inspired by the great successes of binary keypoint descriptors, we choose to apply binary description to a patch. We propose to use Multi-Block Local Binary Pattern (MB-LBP), based on its great success in face detection and description. In this work we present a technique for selecting the best features for tracking. In combination with the feature selection we propose a technique to take into account contextual information in order to increase the robustness of the tracker. We propose a solution to add scale adaptation to the algorithm, and suggest to transpose this technique to add rotation adaptation. Experimentally we validate these techniques showing that we outperform the state-of-art racking algorithms. To do that we use a benchmarking tool using 51 videos and compare our algorithm to 29 algorithms.
Energetic materials: variable-temperature crystal structures of γ- and ∊-HNIW polymorphs (2004)

Crystals of γ- and ∊-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (γ- and ∊-HNIW, space group P 2 1 / n for both crystals) have been investigated in the 100–298 K temperature range using single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Temperature-dependent changes of their crystal lattices have been evaluated from the second-rank thermal expansion tensors. Both lattices undergo anisotropic thermal expansion, that of γ-HNIW being more anisotropic than that of the ∊ phase. Comparison with previously reported predictions from molecular dynamics calculations indicates significant differences. Although there are many short (less than van der Waals) intermolecular interactions in both polymorphs, there is no obvious relationship between the short distances and the difference in thermal expansion behavior. Non-linear temperature dependence of the atomic displacement parameters is indicative of anharmonicity of the crystal mean field potential.
Conservation and Development (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: The challenge In search of mutual understanding Development and change Development's demands on the biosphere Sustainable development Conservation vs development? Conservation and community: beyond fortress conservation Conservation with development Conservation for development Conclusion
An Integrated Spatial Dynamics—Pharmacokinetic Model Explaining Poor Penetration of Anti-retroviral Drugs in Lymph Nodes (2020)

Although combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) suppresses plasma HIV viremia below the limit of detection in a majority of HIV patients, evidence is emerging that the distribution of the anti-retroviral drugs is heterogeneous in tissue. Clinical studies measuring antiretroviral drug concentrations in lymph nodes (LNs) revealed lower concentrations compared to peripheral blood levels suggesting poor drug penetration properties. Our current study is an attempt to understand this poor anti-retroviral drug penetration inside lymph node lobules through integrating known pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters of the anti-retroviral drugs into a spatial model of reaction and transport dynamics within a solid lymph node lobule. Simulated drug penetration values were compared against experimental results whenever available or matched with data that is available for other drugs in a similar class. Our integrated spatial dynamics pharmacokinetic model reproduced the experimentally observed exclusion of antivirals from lymphoid sites. The strongest predictor of drug exclusion from the lymphoid lobule, independent of drug class, was lobule size; large lobules (high inflammation) exhibited high levels of drug exclusion. PK/PD characteristics associated with poor lymphoid penetration include high cellular uptake rates and low intracellular half-lives. To determine whether this exclusion might lead to ongoing replication, target CD4+ T cell, infected CD4+ T cell, free virus, and intracellular IC50 values of anti-retroviral drugs were incorporated into the model. Notably, for median estimates of PK/PD parameters and lobule diameters consistent with low to moderate inflammation, the model predicts no ongoing viral replication, despite substantial exclusion of the drugs from the lymphoid site. Monte-Carlo studies drawn from the prior distributions of the PK/PD parameters predicts increases in site-specific HIV replication in a small fraction of the patient population for lobule diameters greater than 0.2 mm; this fraction increases as the site diameter/ inflammation level increases. The model shows that cART consisting of two nRTIs and one PI is the most likely treatment combination to support formation of a sanctuary site, a finding that is consistent with clinical observations.
Frequency detection-based boundary-scan testing of AC coupled nets (2002)

The use of AC coupling capacitors on high-speed interconnects prevents the use of traditional DC-based boundary-scan techniques to test for board manufacturing defects. A solution is provided by a novel scheme that makes use of frequency discrimination using simple digital circuits that are easily integrated with the 1149.1 boundary-scan standard. Simulation results are presented which show the effectiveness of this method, and its robustness and scalability are compared with alternative solutions.
Abstract 15093: Elevated Risk of Recurrent Ablation in Black Compared to White Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Another Paradox of Atrial Fibrillation in Blacks (2022)

Introduction: Lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) despite a higher prevalence of risk factors in blacks compared to whites (AF paradox) has been reported. However, less information is available about recurrent ablation events in blacks compared to whites. Methods: Demographic characteristics and one-year recurrent ablation events were analyzed in AF patients admitted to a community hospital from 2018 to 2021. Results: Recurrent AF ablation occurred in 3.7% (16/435) of the study population and was significantly higher in black compared to white patients [9/86 (10.5%) vs. 7/349 (2.0%), respectively, p=0.0001]. Black race and history of atrial flutter were predictors of recurrent AF ablation (p&lt;0.05) within one year of initial ablation. Black patients were younger (p=0.03) with a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, cardiomyopathy/heart failure, thyroid disease, renal disease, sleep apnea, COVID-19, pacemaker/AICD placement, and history of Ventricular tachycardia (Table). Concomitant medications were similar between races besides higher use of antihypertensive medications in black patients (Table). Conclusions: In our community hospital setup, black patients with AF had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and significantly higher incidence of one-year recurrent ablation events despite similar therapy compared to white patients. These observations should be explored in a larger prospective study to understand the differential association of comorbidities in black AF patients and associated higher risk for recurrent events.
Reprogrammable multiplexed detection of circulating oncomiRs using hybridization chain reaction (2016)

In this study, we have coupled the DNA polymerization capability of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) with the plasmonic properties of gold nanoparticles to develop a reprogrammable and multiplexed detection of three circulating oncomiRs (miR-10b, miR-21 and miR-141) dysregulated in various disease states of breast cancer. We have demonstrated that by simply changing the initiator (label-free short single stranded DNA) content of the HCR, while keeping everything else unchanged, the same nanoparticle assembly can be reprogrammed for the detection of the target oncomiRs individually or simultaneously in all possible combinations. We have shown that as little as 20 femtomoles of each oncomiR can be detected visually without using any analytical instrument. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the target oncomiR can be detected in an RNA pool isolated from a liquid biopsy mimic of breast cancer.
ADSC-sheet Transplantation to Prevent Stricture after Extended Esophageal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (2017)

In past years, the cell-sheet construct has spurred wide interest in regenerative medicine, especially for reconstructive surgery procedures. The development of diversified technologies combining adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) with various biomaterials has led to the construction of numerous types of tissue-engineered substitutes, such as bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues from rodent, porcine, or human ADSCs. Extended esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is responsible for esophageal stricture formation. Stricture prevention remains challenging, with no efficient treatments available. Previous studies reported the effectiveness of mucosal cell-sheet transplantation in a canine model and in humans. ADSCs are attributed anti-inflammatory properties, local immune modulating effects, neovascularization induction, and differentiation abilities into mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal lineages. This original study describes the endoscopic transplantation of an ADSC tissue-engineered construct to prevent esophageal stricture in a swine model. The ADSC construct was composed of two allogenic ADSC sheets layered upon each other on a paper support membrane. The ADSCs were labeled with the PKH67 fluorophore to allow probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) monitoring. On the day of transplantation, a 5-cm and hemi-circumferential ESD known to induce esophageal stricture was performed. Animals were immediately endoscopically transplanted with 4 ADSC constructs. The complete adhesion of the ADSC constructs was obtained after 10 min of gentle application. Animals were sacrificed on day 28. All animals were successfully transplanted. Transplantation was confirmed on day 3 with a positive pCLE evaluation. Compared to transplanted animals, control animals developed severe strictures, with major fibrotic tissue development, more frequent alimentary trouble, and reduced weight gain. In our model, the transplantation of allogenic ADSCs, organized in double cell sheets, after extended ESD was successful and strongly associated with a lower esophageal stricture rate.
Dynamic Reconfiguration of Intelligent Field Devices by using Modular Software Applications (2015)

The goal of this paper is to give an overview of the current work regarding the transfer of smart devices and linked app-based approaches into the industrial application. For this purpose, a generic and manufacturer-independent reference architecture has been developed in order to enable dynamic reconfiguration of intelligent field devices by using modular software applications. Similar to the popular app-based approaches, apps can be downloaded from an App Store and with the help of smart devices installed and executed directly on the field devices. Besides selected results of the prototypical implementation in the SmartFactoryKL, an insight into the ongoing work is presented. This paper ends with a forecast for continuative implementation work and open research questions.
Renal Cell Carcinoma Intravascular Spread Into Segmental Branches of the Renal Vein: A Single Institution Case Series (2021)

(1) Background: Overall survival of the patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) depends mostly on extra-renal extension, documented by the invasion of the pelvicalyceal system, or the perinephric/renal sinus fat or the renal vein/its segmental intraparenchymal branches. Staging may be challenging because of the high inter-observer variability. We have introduced a more accurate procedure to detect the extra-renal extension and, to possibly evaluate the impact of such more laborious approach, we have compared the RCC pathological staging obtained following both standard and modified procedures; (2) Methods: We selected 54 consecutive cases of RCC diagnosed 18 months before and 54 consecutive cases diagnosed 18 months after the introduction of the new method of sampling. Clinico-pathological characteristics have been statistically analyzed; (3) Results: Most of the features analyzed were non statistically significative, except the extra-renal invasion. More precisely, the occurrence of retrograde venous invasion was higher in the cases grossly approached with the more accurate method; (4) Conclusions: Extra-renal extension to intraparenchymal renal vein branches may be underestimated, leading to an inappropriate under-staging. Using more accurate staging procedures, to disclose the occurrence of intra-renal veins tumoral thrombosis, helps to better define the pathological stage, allowing patients to benefit of better fitting treatments.
Complementary Glycomic Analyses of Sera Derived from Colorectal Cancer Patients by MALDI-TOF-MS and Microchip Electrophoresis (2016)

Colorectal cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer in the United States, yet there are no reliable noninvasive early screening methods available. Serum-based glycomic profiling has the necessary sensitivity and specificity to distinguish disease states and provide diagnostic potential for this deadly form of cancer. We applied microchip electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS-based glycomic procedures to 20 control serum samples and 42 samples provided by patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Within the identified glycans, the position of fucose units was located to quantitate possible changes of fucosyl isomeric species associated with the pathological condition. MALDI-MS data revealed several fucosylated tri- and tetra-antennary glycans which were significantly elevated in their abundance levels in the cancer samples and distinguished the control samples from the colorectal cancer cohort in the comprehensive profiles. When compared to other cancers studied previously, some unique changes appear to be associated with colorectal cancer, being primarily associated with fucosyl isomers. Through MS and microchip electrophoresis-based glycomic methods, several potential biomarkers were identified to aid in the diagnosis and differentiation of colorectal cancer. With its unique capability to resolve isomers, microchip electrophoresis can yield complementary analytical information to MS-based profiling.
A chiral switch: balancing between equilibrium and non-equilibrium states (2019)

Herein we introduce a "chiral switch" - a sequence of operations that alternate between equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions to switch the absolute configuration of a chiral center. The generality and practical potential of the technique are demonstrated with three unnatural α-amino acid precursors.
On the minimum spanning tree problem in imprecise set-up (2021)

In this article, we study the Euclidean minimum spanning tree problem in an imprecise setup. The problem is known as the \emph{Minimum Spanning Tree Problem with Neighborhoods} in the literature. We study the problem where the neighborhoods are represented as non-crossing line segments. Given a set ${\cal S}$ of $n$ disjoint line segments in $I\!\!R^2$, the objective is to find a minimum spanning tree (MST) that contains exactly one end-point from each segment in $\cal S$ and the cost of the MST is minimum among $2^n$ possible MSTs. We show that finding such an MST is NP-hard in general, and propose a $2α$-factor approximation algorithm for the same, where $α$ is the approximation factor of the best-known approximation algorithm to compute a minimum cost Steiner tree in an undirected graph with non-negative edge weights. As an implication of our reduction, we can show that the unrestricted version of the problem (i.e., one point must be chosen from each segment such that the cost of MST is as minimum as possible) is also NP-hard. We also propose a parameterized algorithm for the problem based on the "separability" parameter defined for segments.
Design and Deployment of a Ground Station to Demodulate NOAA Meteorologic Images (2019)

The world of nanosatellites is expanding. Indeed, the market for nanosatellites opens the doors of space for reasonable development costs, in comparison with the deployment costs of telecommunication satellites for example. ENSEIRB-MATMECA is preparing its students for this very specific new market, particularly as part of the school's participation in the NANOSTAR project (http://nanostarproject.eu/). The NANOSTAR project is a Satcom Challenge from the Interreg Sudoe program. It aims to gather seven universities and two aerospace clusters from the southwest of Europe (France, Spain and Portugal) to give a boost to the aerospace industry via university students and compete with other continents in the race to launching nanosatellites. In this context, the goal of this paper is to present the project proposed to the ENSEIRB-MATMECA students which consists to design and build a ground station in order to decode meteorologic images from the weather satellite NOAA-19.