gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extracting Situations with Uneasy Driving in NDS-Data (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Different types of driver workload are suggested to impact driving performance. Operating a vehicle in a situation where the driver feel uneasy is one example of driver workload. In this study, passenger car driving data collected with Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) data acquisition equipment was analyzed, aiming to identify situations corresponding to a high driver's subjective rating of ‘unease’. Data from an experimental study with subjects driving a passenger car in normal traffic was used. Situations were rated by the subjects according to experienced ‘unease’, and the Controller Area Network (CAN) data from the vehicle was used to describe the driving conditions and identify driving patterns corresponding to the situations rated as ‘uneasy’. These driving patterns were matched with the data in a NDS database and the method was validated using video data.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Two data mining approaches were applied. The first was based on an ensemble classifier on general variables derived from the CAN-data to predict the subjective rating of segments of the data. The second used hierarchical clustering with a distance metric based on the principal variance components over segments. The ensemble classifier explained a large proportion of the variance when adjusting for driver and route. The hierarchical clustering method performed well, distinct clusters corresponding to a high driver subjective rating could be obtained.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Identifying situations with increased driver workload in NDS data is a complex task addressing a large variation of traffic situations and driver experiences. The proposed method is a first approach to help address this topic using data mining.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Release of Base Metals During Acidic Leaching of Fly Ash (1999)

Since 1996, over 100 million tons of combustion by-products have been generated by U.S. coal burning power plants each year. 1 Typically, about 1/4 of that total is used for purposes such as cement/concrete, structural fill, wall board and other products and applications. The remaining coal combustion by-products (CCB’s) must be temporarily or permanently stored. CCB’s are sometimes placed in inactive surface or underground mines, where they may react with naturally occurring fluids such as rain, organic-contaminated runoff, and acid mine drainage. The Federal Energy Technology Center of the United States Department of Energy is investigating the reactions of CCB’s with various lixiviants in a series of column leaching tests. Seven 1-kg samples of each fly ash are placed in individual 5-cm diameter by 1-meter long acrylic columns. The columns are leached at an average rate of 200 mL/day for 30 to 90 days with seven different lixiviants. Lixiviants include deionized water, artificial ground water, synthetic precipitation, and dilute solutions of acetic acid, ferric chloride, sulfuric acid and a common base. The leachate is analyzed for pH, acidity or alkalinity, aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and 12 trace metals. Column leaching tests have been completed on 32 different samples and are beginning on another set of four samples. The results of some completed leaching tests are presented and analyzed.
MINIMIZING ROADWAY SALT PROBLEMS IN MAINE (ABRIDGMENT) (1980)

In an effort to reduce the salt problems in Maine that have resulted from winter maintenance operations, a three-phase program was implemented: (a) early detection of salt toxicity to vegetation, (b) reduction in the amount of salt used, and (c) dispersal of sodium ions in the soil. Aerial-photograph interpretation by using color infrared photography was developed for early detection of vegetation damage. Reduction in the amount of salt used was achieved through calibration of salt-spreading equipment and through intensive yearly instructional meetings to inform the operators of the importance of reducing salt use. These two methods allowed the Maine Department of Transportation to reduce the use of salt from 99,000 t (110,000 tons) in the winter of 1967-1968 to 57,6000 t (64,000 tons) in the winter of 1978-1979. Sodium-induced streses on vegetation were further reduced by dispersing sodium ions in the soil through the application of gypsum.
Identification of a Firefly Luciferase Active Site Peptide Using a Benzophenone-based Photooxidation Reagent (1997)

Firefly luciferase catalyzes the highly efficient emission of yellow-green light from substrate luciferin by a series of reactions that require MgATP and molecular oxygen. We prepared 2-(4-benzoylphenyl)thiazole-4-carboxylic acid (BPTC), a novel benzophenone-based substrate analog, intending to use it in photoaffinity labeling studies to probe the luciferase active site. Instead, we found that while BPTC was a potent photoinactivating reagent for firefly luciferase, it was not a photoaffinity labeling agent. Using proteolysis, reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and Edman sequencing, we identified a single luciferase peptide, 244HHGF247, the degradation of which was directly correlated to luciferase photoinactivation. Results of enzyme kinetics and related studies were consistent with this peptide being at or near the luciferin binding site. Further, peptide model studies and additional investigations on the nature of the photoinactivation process strongly suggested that BPTC catalyzed the formation of singlet oxygen at the active site of the enzyme. We describe here an uncommon example of active site-directed photooxidation of an enzyme by singlet oxygen.
Near‐surface high‐frequency absorption compensation in alluvial plain (2011)

In alluvial plain, near‐surface absorption of seismic wave is the main reason that leads to energy attenuation, especially for its high‐frequency components. To eliminate the effect of near‐surface on seismic wave propagation, this paper put forward a new compensation technology using visco‐elastic wave equation continuation. First, we build a mathematic model of near‐surface that is derived from micro‐logging data. Then, together with the near‐surface Q value & velocity model, we extend the received wave signal to the top of high‐velocity layer using visco‐elastic wave equation continuation. The application of this technology at YX area shows a good result: high‐frequency information of seismic wave is effectively recovered and valid frequency band is highly widened.
Endovascular variable aortic control (EVAC) versus resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in a swine model of hemorrhage and ischemia reperfusion injury (2018)

For short durations of therapy, EVAC produces superior hemodynamics and less ischemic insult than REBOA in this porcine-controlled hemorrhage model, with improved outcomes during critical care. This study suggests EVAC is a viable strategy for in-hospital management of patients with hemorrhagic shock from noncompressible sources. Survival studies are needed to determine if these early differences persist over time.
Ti(III)-Promoted Radical Cyclization of Epoxy Enones. Total Synthesis of (+)-Paeonisuffrone (2009)

The total synthesis of (+)-paeonisuffrone starting from (+)-10-hydroxycarvone is described. The key step of our synthetic strategy is a titanium-catalyzed stereoselective cyclization initiated by epoxide opening through electron transfer. This reaction stereoselectively affords the highly oxygenated pinane skeleton present in the target molecule and opens a new and effective approach to the synthesis of the complex, biologically active terpenoids isolated from the roots of the Chinese paeony (Paeonia albiflora Pallas and Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews).
Petri Net Model Based on Neural Network for Deadlock Control and Fault Detection and Treatment in Automated Manufacturing Systems (2020)

Previously, different deadlock control strategies for automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) based on Petri Nets with reliable resources have been proposed. However, in real-world applications, resources may be unreliable. Therefore, deadlock control strategies presented in previous research studies are not suitable for such applications. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel three-step deadlock control strategy for fault detection and treatment of unreliable resource systems. In the first step, a controlled system (deadlock-free) is obtained using the “Maximum Number of Forbidding First met Bad Markings Problem 1” (MFFBMP1), which does not consider resource failures. Subsequently, all obtained monitors are merged into a single monitor based on a colored Petri net. The second step addresses deadlocks caused by resource failures in the Petri net model using a common recovery subnet based on colored Petri nets. The recovery subnet is applied to the system obtained in the first step to ensure that the system is reliable. The third step proposes a hybrid approach that combines neural networks with colored Petri nets obtained from the second step, for the detection and treatment of faults. The proposed approach possesses the advantages of modular integration of Petri nets and can also learn neurons and reduce knowledge, similar to neural networks. Therefore, this approach solves the deadlock problem in AMSs and also detects and treats failures. The proposed approach was tested using an example from literature.
Reaction of Dimethylzirconocene with Alkylmagnesium Halides as a Potentially General Method for Preparing Zirconocene-Alkene Complexes (1990)

Abstract Addition of one equivalent of RCH2CH2MgX to Cp2ZrMe2 (Cp = C5H5) in the presence of PMe3 led to a transmetalation reaction to afford zirconocene-alkene complexes Cp2Zr(RCH=CH2)(PMe3) in good yields along with the formation of MeMgX.
'Supplemental Table 1' from Whole-Exome Sequencing of Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma Indicates Monoclonality with Associated Ductal Carcinoma Component (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental table S1&lt;/p&gt;
ADHD and Dyscalculia (2005)

The familial relationship between dyscalculia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was assessed. We conducted a familial risk analysis using probands with and without ADHD of both genders and their first-degree relatives. Participants were assessed with structured diagnostic interviews and a cognitive test battery. We found elevated rates of ADHD in relatives of both ADHD proband groups, regardless of dyscalculia status, and elevated rates of dyscalculia in relatives of probands with dyscalculia, irrespective of ADHD status. There was no evidence for cosegregation or assortative mating. Our findings support the hypothesis that ADHD and dyscalculia are independently transmitted in families and are etiologically distinct. These results reinforce the current nosological approach to these disorders and underscore the need for separate identification and treatment strategies for children with both conditions.
The reliability of analogy-based prediction (2017)

This paper is focused on choosing a sufficient number of runs of a coupling Markov chain that makes it possible to generate, with a high confidence level, hypotheses such that at least one of them is inserted into any test example with high probability of positive prediction. The proposed technique is based on the Vapnik–Chervonenkis resampling method.
Synthesis of Meso-structured LiMn2O4/CNT Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Applications (2009)

Abstract not Available.
The extracellular domain of the neurokinin-1 receptor is required for high-affinity binding of peptides (1992)

The neurokinin-1 receptor binds neurokinin peptides with the potency order of substance P > substance K > neurokinin B. Elucidating the molecular basis of differential peptide selectivity will require the localization of the binding domain on the receptor. In the present report, mutagenesis and heterologous expression experiments reveal that a segment of the extracellular N-terminal sequence of the neurokinin-1 receptor is required for the high-affinity binding of substance P and related peptide agonists. Substitution of amino acid residues in the N-terminal region of the receptor affects the binding affinity of both intact peptides and a C-terminal substance P "analog", but not of a nonpeptide antagonist. Glycosylation of the receptor does not change the peptide binding affinity. In addition, substitution of the valine-97 residue in the rat neurokinin-1 receptor by a glutamate residue increases the binding affinity of neurokinin B but not substance P or substance K, suggesting that the second extracellular segment is involved in peptide selectivity. These results indicate that the extracellular domains of neurokinin-1 receptor play a critical role in peptide binding.
Reconstruction algorithm for polychromatic CT imaging: application to beam hardening correction (2000)

This paper presents a new reconstruction algorithm for both single- and dual-energy computed tomography (CT) imaging. By incorporating the polychromatic characteristics of the X-ray beam into the reconstruction process, the algorithm is capable of eliminating beam hardening artifacts. The single energy version of the algorithm assumes that each voxel in the scan field can be expressed as a mixture of two known substances, for example, a mixture of trabecular bone and marrow, or a mixture of fat and flesh. These assumptions are easily satisfied in a quantitative computed tomography (QCT) setting. We have compared our algorithm to three commonly used single-energy correction techniques. Experimental results show that our algorithm is much more robust and accurate. We have also shown that QCT measurements obtained using our algorithm are five times more accurate than that from current QCT systems (using calibration). The dual-energy mode does not require any prior knowledge of the object in the scan field, and can be used to estimate the attenuation coefficient function of unknown materials. We have tested the dual-energy setup to obtain an accurate estimate for the attenuation coefficient function of K2 HPO4 solution.
Handbook of Food Engineering Practice (1997)

Food engineering has become increasingly important in the food industry over the years, as food engineers play a key role in developing new food products and improved manufacturing processes. While other textbooks have covered some aspects of this emerging field, this is the first applications-oriented handbook to cover food engineering processes and manufacturing techniques.A major portion of Handbook of Food Engineering Practice is devoted to defining and explaining essential food operations such as pumping systems, food preservation, and sterilization, as well as freezing and drying. Membranes and evaporator systems and packaging materials and their properties are examined as well. The handbook provides information on how to design accelerated storage studies and determine the temperature tolerance of foods, both of which are important in predicting shelf life. The book also examines the importance of physical and rheological properties of foods, with a special look at the rheology of dough and the design of processing systems for the manufacture of dough.The final third of the book provides useful supporting material that applies to all of the previously discussed unit operations, including cost/profit analysis methods, simulation procedures, sanitary guidelines, and process controller design. The book also includes a survey of food chemistry, a critical area of science for food engineers.
Fisher Ratio Optimization under Volterra Filtering Model for Identification of Polarimetric Air/Air Range Profiles of Aircrafts (2007)

This paper introduces an original supervised classification method based on the optimization of the Fisher ratio under the Volterra filtering model. Optimum Volterra filters are derived for the problem of discriminating 2 classes. They have properties yielding some decision strategy that aims to reject (i.e. take no decision) data corresponding to unlearned classes. An original extension of this solution is then proposed for the problem of discriminating more than 2 classes. Performances of our method are evaluated by classifying real data of jet fighters range profiles. Influence of the filtering model order is investigated. Interest of the waveform polarization states is also analyzed. Results obtained show that our method outperforms the nearest neighbor classification method in term of error probability, while yielding equivalent performances in term of correct identification probability. Moreover, it is shown that good rejection probability of unlearned classes can be obtained, particularly with fully-polarized data.
Ion projection microlithography for submicron device fabrication (1981)

Ion projection microlithography is a technique employing a high-resolution demagnifying ion-optical imaging system in connection with a precision step-and-repeat stage. Design patterns are contained in a self-supporting metal foil of 10× (or 20×) chip size, and are imaged in parallel, chip by chip. A tensile stress is induced in the mask foil such that the mask remains flat and undistorted, when heated by exposure to the ion beam. Different design layers are aligned to better than ±0.1 μm by a system that detects ions backscattered from registration marks.
A New Mouse Model to Study Acquired Lymphedema (2006)

Schneider and colleagues say that the new model, published in PLoS Medicine, promises to increase our understanding of lymphedema and hopefully accelerate the development and testing of new treatments.
Vision Based Intelligent Wheel Chair Control: The Role of Vision and Inertial Sensing in Topological Navigation (2004)

Abstract This paper describes ongoing research on vision based mobile robot navigation for wheel chairs. After a guided tour through a natural environment while taking images at regular time intervals, natural landmarks are extracted to automatically build a topological map. Later on this map can be used for place recognition and navigation. We use visual servoing on the landmarks to steer the robot. In this paper, we investigate ways to improve the performance by incorporating inertial sensors. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphological Evolution of Si Nanowires upon Lithiation: A First-Principles Multiscale Model (2013)

Silicon is a promising anode material for high-capacity Li-ion batteries. Recent experiments show that lithiation of crystalline silicon nanowires leads to highly anisotropic morphologies. This has been interpreted as due to anisotropy in equilibrium interface energies, but this interpretation does not capture the dynamic, nonequilibrium nature of the lithiation process. Here, we provide a comprehensive explanation of experimentally observed morphological changes, based on first-principles multiscale simulations. We identify reaction paths and associated structural transformations for Li insertion into the Si {110} and {111} surfaces and calculate the relevant energy barriers from density functional theory methods. We then perform kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for nanowires with surfaces of different orientations, which reproduce to a remarkable degree the experimentally observed profiles and the relative reaction front rates.
Total body irradiation must be delivered at high dose for efficient engraftment and tolerance in a rhesus stem cell gene therapy model (2016)

Reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) is desirable for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy applications. However, low gene marking was previously observed in gene therapy trials, suggesting that RIC might be insufficient for (i) opening niches for efficient engraftment and/or (ii) inducing immunological tolerance for transgene-encoded proteins. Therefore, we evaluated both engraftment and tolerance for gene-modified cells using our rhesus HSC gene therapy model following RIC. We investigated a dose de-escalation of total body irradiation (TBI) from our standard dose of 10Gy (10, 8, 6, and 4Gy), in which rhesus CD34(+) cells were transduced with a VSVG-pseudotyped chimeric HIV-1 vector encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) (or enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)). At ~6 months after transplantation, higher-dose TBI resulted in higher gene marking with logarithmic regression in peripheral blood cells. We then evaluated immunological tolerance for gene-modified cells, and found that lower-dose TBI allowed vigorous anti-GFP antibody production with logarithmic regression, while no significant anti-VSVG antibody formation was observed among all TBI groups. These data suggest that higher-dose TBI improves both engraftment and immunological tolerance for gene-modified cells. Additional immunosuppression might be required in RIC to induce tolerance for transgene products. Our findings should be valuable for developing conditioning regimens for HSC gene therapy applications.
Proceedings of the 18th Brazilian symposium on Multimedia and the web (2012)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 18th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web - WebMedia 2012. WebMedia is an annual symposium sponsored by the Brazilian Computer Society (SBC) and is the most important forum for researchers and professionals in the Multimedia, Hypermedia and Web areas in Brazil. This is WebMedia's 18th edition and it seeks to bring together researchers, students and practitioners, both from Brazil and from abroad, to present and discuss research problems related to any and all of the Symposium's topics.

WebMedia 2012 is being held in Sao Paulo, capital of the state of the same name, from October 15 to 18. This edition of WebMedia is being organized together with two other relevant events: the 27th Brazilian Symposium on Databases (SBBD), and the 9th Brazilian Symposium on Collaborative Systems (SBSC). The co-location of these symposia provides intellectual synergies for the researchers, practitioners and students in all three fields as well as providing organizational synergies.

WebMedia 2012 is principally organized by the University of Sao Paulo (USP) and has many other sponsors and supporters including academic institutions, industry, government and learned societies. The sponsors and supporters are listed elsewhere in these proceedings.

The Symposium's program is composed of technical sessions, mini-courses, panels, 3 inner workshops (Thesis and Dissertation Workshop, Tools and Applications Workshop and Undergraduate Research Workshop), as well as international and invited talks.

The papers accepted for publication in the WebMedia 2012 proceedings include 33 full papers and 30 short papers. These papers were selected from 108 full paper submissions and 62 short paper submissions, for acceptance rates of 31% and 48%, respectively. The Symposium's Program Committee worked very hard to perform the selection of papers that will be presented and published from among many submissions of excellent quality. We thank all the submitting authors for their research efforts and for their submissions and congratulate those who had their work accepted.