gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Updating Finite Element Models of Golf Clubs (1997)

This paper compares the results of the dynamic modelling of typical golf clubs and measurements made on the same clubs. The shaft was modelled using beam elements and the head was represented as a rigid body. The natural frequencies of the club were measured and compared to those predicted from the analytical model. The stiffness of the shaft and the inertia properties of the head were estimated from the measured data to produce an improved analytical model.
Differential evolution vs. the functions of the 2/sup nd/ ICEO (2002)

Differential evolution (DE) is a simple evolutionary algorithm for numerical optimization whose most novel feature is that it mutates vectors by adding weighted, random vector differentials to them. A new version of the DE algorithm is described and the results of its attempts to optimize the 7 real-valued functions of the 2/sup nd/ ICEO are tabulated. DE succeeded in finding each function's global minimum, although the number of evaluations needed in one instance was unacceptably high. Despite this lone difficulty, DE's speed of execution across the remaining test bed, in addition to its simplicity, robustness and ease of use, suggest that it is a valuable tool for continuous numerical optimization.
Gas management through thick macroporous and mesoporousmacroporous membranes (2008)

Abstract Among all the potential applications of porous silicon, gas or liquid management through membranes is a key point in various micro‐system applications. In this paper, we compare the hydrogen flow through two different porous silicon structures. The first one is a 240 µm thick macroporous silicon membrane with pore diameters between 2 and 3 µm. The second one is a combination of a macroporous layer surmounted by a mesoporous one (average pore diameters of 10 nm). We present also a new method achieving the pore opening on the whole backside surface of the sample. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Phase I clinical trial and pharmacodynamic evaluation of combination hydroxychloroquine and doxorubicin treatment in pet dogs treated for spontaneously occurring lymphoma (2014)

Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation process that may act as a mechanism of survival in a variety of cancers. While pharmacologic inhibition of autophagy with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is currently being explored in human clinical trials, it has never been evaluated in canine cancers. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most prevalent tumor types in dogs and has similar pathogenesis and response to treatment as human NHL. Clinical trials in canine patients are conducted in the same way as in human patients, thus, to determine a maximum dose of HCQ that can be combined with a standard chemotherapy, a Phase I, single arm, dose escalation trial was conducted in dogs with spontaneous NHL presenting as patients to an academic, tertiary-care veterinary teaching hospital. HCQ was administered daily by mouth throughout the trial, beginning 72 h prior to doxorubicin (DOX), which was given intravenously on a 21-d cycle. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and biopsies were collected before and 3 d after HCQ treatment and assessed for autophagy inhibition and HCQ concentration. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the trial. HCQ alone was well tolerated with only mild lethargy and gastrointestinal-related adverse events. The overall response rate (ORR) for dogs with lymphoma was 93.3%, with median progression-free interval (PFI) of 5 mo. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed a 100-fold increase in HCQ in tumors compared with plasma. There was a trend that supported therapy-induced increase in LC3-II (the cleaved and lipidated form of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3/LC3, which serves as a maker for autophagosomes) and SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) after treatment. The superior ORR and comparable PFI to single-agent DOX provide strong support for further evaluation via randomized, placebo-controlled trials in canine and human NHL.
Position estimation using a microphone and stereo loudspeaker with an audio-embedded hidden time synchronization signal (2013)

We proposed a method for estimating the position of mono channel microphones using the sound from loudspeakers with hidden time synchronization waveforms in the audio signal. Unlike previous studies based on the SS (Spread Spectrum) technique, we used OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) time synchronization signal embedded in the sound, maintaining the inaudibility of the embedded signal. While the microphone detects the time synchronization waveform, users remain unaware of the hidden time synchronization signal. With this hidden signal, we can successfully obtain the location of the microphone while the music is playing. We have anticipated various applications of our proposed method such as a configuration of multichannel audio systems or spotting target locations for private listening zones generated by a speaker array.
Reply to “Comments on `L-Shape Two-Dimensional Arrival Angle Estimation With Propagator Method'” (2008)

In this reply to the paper by Shu, Liu and Lu (see ibid., p.1502-3, 2008), a novel method with low-complexity, but showing neither estimation failure nor the pair-matching problems, is described for the two-dimensional DOA estimation. The authors in the previous papers (Kikuchi et al., 2006; Gu et al, 2008)also proposed two methods different from that in (Van der Veen et a., 1992) to achieve the automatic pair matching by employing the L-shaped array configuration. The method in this reply is also different from the ones in (Kikuchi et al., 2006; Gu et al, 2008). In this reply, an independently developed algorithm is presented by using the unitary root MUSIC and unitary MUSIC and changing the L-shape to a cross-shaped array configuration.
Postural instability in idiopathic Parkinson's disease: the role of medication and unilateral pallidotomy (2002)

Postural instability (PI) is common in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). We measured sensory and motor contributions to PI in 50 patients with advanced IPD, off and on medication and in a subset pre- and 3, 6 and 12 months post-unilateral pallidotomy, using computerized dynamic posturography [specifically, the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) subscale PIGD (Postural Instability and Gait Disorder)]. Off medication, all patients had abnormal PIGD scores. The group could be separated into those with normal SOT equilibrium scores (SOTN) and those, the majority, with abnormal postural control when sensory feedback was limited (SOTABN). Medication improved the PIGD scores but worsened the SOT scores in the majority of patients. Increases in spontaneous sway in some patients contributed to the negative effect of medication on SOT scores. However, this could not explain the detrimental effect of medication on SOT scores in at least 40% of patients. On the other hand, pallidotomy improved both PIGD and SOT scores in both groups. A predictor of good outcome from pallidotomy concerning PI was the degree of worsening of the effect that medication had on SOT5 scores. PI in IPD appears to be multifactorial. We propose that the PIGD score reflects sensory and motor aspects of postural control, with normal sensory feedback, while the SOT equilibrium scores measure the sensory organizational process of postural control in the presence of altered sensory inputs. There is a dissociation between the effects of medication and pallidotomy on motor and sensory components of postural control, which may reflect the underlying pathophysiological mechanism responsible for these different components of PI. We suggest that patients with advanced IPD and PI on medication should consider adjuvant surgical treatment for better postural control.
The interaction of PKC, S100A4, and the cytoplasmic domain of FcγRIIIa (CD16A) α-chain regulates receptor mediated functions (116.1) (2011)

Abstract FcγRIIIa(CD16A) pairs with FcR-common γ-chain for surface expression and function. Since many functionally distinct immune receptors utilize γ-chains as signaling subunit, we hypothesized that elements for specificity in receptor signaling may be determined by the distinct FcγR cytoplasmic domains (CY). In silico analysis identified a PKC phosphorylation consensus motif within CD16A-CY; and in vitro kinase assays demonstrated that it is specifically phosphorylated by PKC. Non-phosphorylated CD16A is more effective at activation of the Gab2/PI3K pathway, leading to enhanced degranulation, while phosphorylated CD16A mediates a more robust calcium flux, tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. S100A4, a specific protein binding partner for CD16A-CY, inhibits phosphorylation of CD16A-CY by PKC in vitro. Reduction of S100A4 levels in vivo enhanced receptor phosphorylation upon cross-linking. Taken together, we show that among IgG and IgA receptors, PKC-mediated phosphorylation of CD16A is specific and modulates distinct signaling pathways engaged by the receptor. Calcium activated binding of S100A4 to CD16A, promoted by the initial calcium flux and attenuating the phosphorylation of CY, may serve as a negative feedback on cytokine production pathways during sustained receptor engagement and favor a shift to degranulation, consistent with the importance of degranulation following conjugate formation between CD16A+ effector cells and target cells.
Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations induced by mitomycin C in mouse lymphocytes carrying a leukemogenic virus (1983)

The induction of chromosomal damage (sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), chromosomal aberrations, and micronuclei) in T lymphocytes from mouse spleen was analyzed after treatment in vivo with different concentrations of mitomycin C (MMC). Lymphocytes were derived from BALB/Mo mice, which carry an endogenous type C retrovirus (Moloney murine leukemia virus, M-MuLV), and from BALB/c mice (controls, M-MuLV-free). Chromosomal damage was determined in vitro on lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) and incubated for two generation cycles with bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR). The baseline frequency of SCEs was significantly higher in untreated BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes. The frequencies of SCEs were significantly increased by increasing doses of MMC in both BALB/c and BALB/Mo T lymphocytes. Treatment with a low dose of MMC (0.3 mg/kg) produced an additive effect on SCE frequency in BALB/Mo lymphocytes, which was gradually suppressed by increasing the MMC concentration (3-5 mg/kg). Indeed, the levels of SCEs became significantly lower in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at the highest MMC concentration tested (10 mg/kg), indicating that a negative synergistic effect was eventually produced. Chromosomal aberrations (breaks and total aberrations) were significantly increased by the highest MMC doses (5-10 mg/kg) and were more frequent in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at 10 mg/kg MMC. The frequencies of micronuclei were increased by all MMC doses and were significantly higher in BALB/Mo than in BALB/c lymphocytes at 10 mg/kg MMC. These results are referred to interferences of M-MuLV and MMC with the function of enzymes, such as DNA topoisomerases, involved in the mechanism of SCE production.
ChemInform Abstract: Polygermoxanes Suitable for Biochemical Purposes. Part 1. Digermoxanes (Low‐Viscosity Oils). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Per‐acetyld‐fucopyranosyl Bromide and Its Use in Preparation of Diphyllind‐fucopyranosyl Glycoside (2008)

The per‐O‐acetyl‐d‐fucosyl bromide (9) was expediently prepared for C‐6 deoxygenation of d‐galactose in six steps in 32.5% yield. Employing phase transfer catalysis glycosylation (PTC), d‐fucopyranosyl diphyllin (4), the analog of natural diphyllin glycoside, was synthesized by using 9 as the glycosyl donor in 67.1% in two steps. The product was identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Its abilities to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro also are discussed.
Selective inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) with a novel orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor, RO9021, impinges on various innate and adaptive immune responses: implications for SYK inhibitors in autoimmune disease therapy (2013)

Inhibition of SYK kinase activity impinges on various innate and adaptive immune responses. RO9021 could serve as a starting point for the development of selective SYK inhibitors for the treatment of inflammation-related and autoimmune-related disorders.
Phase II trial of the antiangiogenic agent IM862 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (2004)

IM862 is a naturally occurring dipeptide (L-glu-L-trp) with immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic properties. A significant anticancer activity has been reported recently in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, a tumour of endothelial cell origin. The high vascularity and responsiveness to immunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) makes such a tumour a potential target for IM862. In all, 25 patients were accrued in a prospective phase II trial using a standard two-step design. The main inclusion criteria were WHO performance status </=2, age over 18 years, expected survival >3 months, normal marrow, kidney and liver functions. IM862 was given intranasally at a dose of 20 mg three times daily. Each cycle consisted of 8 consecutive weeks of treatment. All 25 patients were fully evaluable for response and 24 for toxicities. Median age was 62 years (range 42-76), median WHO PS was 1 (0-2). No grade 2 or 3 toxicities related to the study drug have been recorded. Eight patients had stable disease (SD) and 17 progressed while on treatment. Median survival was 7.9 months (range 2.7-20). Median time to progression was 1.9 months (range 1.2-12.6). Median duration of SD was 6 months (range 5.2-12.6+). Analysis of blood angiogenic markers showed a significant decrease of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels after 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. Treatment with IM862 has no toxicity, but does not lead to any significant objective responses in metastatic RCC. IM862 should not be further evaluated as a single agent at these doses and schedule for this population of patients. The decrease in VEGF levels warrants further investigation of IM862 as an antiangiogenic therapy.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Mechanical Characterisation for the Establishment of Structure-Property Correlations for Epoxy Resins in Microelectronics Packaging Applications B. Wunderlel , E. Dermitzaki I, O. Holck I , J. Bauerl , H. Walterl , (2009)

In this paper the potential of molecular dynamics simu­ lation for structure-property correlations in epoxy-resins is discussed. This is a topic relevant for a multi-scale frame­ work to lifetime prediction in microelectronics packaging. To achieve that objective, epoxy-resins are synthesised by systematically varying their chemical structure and then characterised by various thermo-mechanical testing meth­ ods. It was found that moisture diffusion showed the most distinct response with respect to material and loading pa­ rameters such as polarity, free volume, crosslinking den­ sity, moisture concentration and temperature. Starting with a parametric study, modeling approaches of different com­ plexity have been able to show qualitative and quantitative agreement respectively. The paper comments further on the accuracy and limits of the method and correlates the calcu­ lations with experimental structural analysis results.
Performance evaluation of a multicarrier modulation technique allowing strongly nonlinear amplification (2002)

OFDM techniques, known to be well-suited for high rate transmission in time-dispersive channels, are currently being considered for broadband wireless LAN systems. However, the strong envelope fluctuation of conventional OFDM signals is hardly compatible with an efficient, somewhat nonlinear, power amplification. A new multicarrier modulation technique, called CEPB-OFDM (constant envelope paired burst OFDM), was proposed to allow high transmit power efficiencies. This paper is concerned with the performance evaluation of CEPB-OFDM and includes a performance comparison, when a grossly nonlinear power amplifier is employed, with other previously proposed OFDM techniques which are able to reduce the envelope fluctuation. The performance results clearly indicate that the CEPB-OFDM technique is recommendable for the above-mentioned wireless systems.
A symmetrical bi-electrode electrochemical technique for high-efficiency transfer of CVD-grown graphene (2014)

Graphene transfer is a critical process in the journey from CVD-grown graphene to device application. The current transfer techniques use a chemical-etching method to oxidize the metal catalyst, which is heavily time-consuming and involves a high material cost. In this study, a highly efficient symmetrical bi-electrode technique has been developed to simultaneously delaminate the CVD-grown graphene from the metal catalyst at both the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell. Raman spectra, UV-visible transmittance, and four-probe measurements confirm that this transfer process is nondestructive and can produce similar electrical properties to those produced by the conventional metal-etching transfer method. This bi-electrode transfer technique possesses the advantages of high efficiency, recyclable use of metal catalyst, and high electrical conductivity, and it can be potentially applied for industrial applications.
Effect of papaverine and atropine on pharmacokinetics of paracetamol administered orally. (1980)

The effect of intramuscular injection of atropine and papaverine on the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of paracetamol in healthy men was investigated. The open two-compartment model was applied and the calculations were performed using a program for the Hewlett-Packard 9830 B system. An increase of the extent of bioavailability of paracetamol was observed after the atropine administration, however the absorption of the drug was delayed. The administration of papaverine did not change the AUC and Cmax, but tmax was significantly longer.
Real-Time Pedestrian Tracking with Bacterial Foraging Optimization (2012)

In this paper, we present swarm intelligence algorithms for pedestrian tracking. In particular, we present a modified Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) algorithm and show that it outperforms PSO in a number of important metrics for pedestrian tracking. In our experiments, we show that BFO's search strategy is inherently more efficient than PSO under a range of variables with regard to the number of fitness evaluations which need to be performed when tracking. We also compare the proposed BFO approach with other commonly-used trackers and present experimental results on the CAVIAR dataset as well as on the difficult PETS2010 S2.L3 crowd video.
The factory must grow (2021)

The video game Factorio has a myriad of gameplay scenarios which are analogous to real-world problems, and is a useful simulator for developing solutions for them. In this paper we define the logistic transport belt problem, we provide an interface to allow optimizers in any programming language to interact with Factorio, and we provide an initial benchmark. Results are presented for three different meta-heuristic techniques to optimize solutions to this novel problem.
Drivers of Interbasin Transfers in the United States: Insights from Sampling (2019)

Abstract Interbasin transfers (IBTs) are manmade transfers of water that cross basin boundaries. In an analysis of 2016 data, this work identified 2,161 reaches crossing United States (U.S.) Geological Survey hydrologic unit code 6 boundaries in the U.S. The objectives of this study were to characterize and classify IBTs, and examine the development drivers for a subset of 109 (~5%) of the IBT reaches through examination of samples from different climate regions of the U.S. The IBTs were classified as being near irrigated agricultural lands, near cities, or rural IBTs not near cities or irrigated land. IBTs near both cities and irrigated agricultural land were designated as city + irrigated agriculture. The 109 samples were selected, based on approximate proportional distribution to the total number of IBTs within each climate region, with representation of areas having a high density of IBTs. Analysis of the samples revealed that in the U.S., there have been four major drivers for basin transfers: irrigation for agriculture, municipal and industrial water supply, commercial shipping or navigation, and drainage or flood management. The most common has been drainage or flood management, though IBTs at least partially driven by agricultural needs are also prevalent. The majority of the sampled IBTs were constructed between 1880 and 1980, with peaks in development between 1900–1910 and 1960–1970. The samples also showed the drivers of IBT development evolved over time, reflecting changes in regional economies, populations, and needs.
Bugs in the works—biology at ICI Billingham (1992)

The chemical factory at Billingham was in existence before ICI was farmed, but biological research leading to manufacturing processes did not start until the late 1960s with a project to make single cell protein. Although the Pruteen product was manufactured successfully on a 50 000 tonne/year scale, its commercial life was short and the production plant no longer exists. However, the biotechnology skills that were developed have been applied to a variety of new products and there is now a growing business based on the exploitation of microorganisms, to make products suited to an increasingly environmentally-conscious age.
Antibodies to PfSEA-1 block parasite egress from RBCs and protect against malaria infection (2014)

Novel vaccines are urgently needed to reduce the burden of severe malaria. Using a differential whole-proteome screening method, we identified Plasmodium falciparum schizont egress antigen-1 (PfSEA-1), a 244-kilodalton parasite antigen expressed in schizont-infected red blood cells (RBCs). Antibodies to PfSEA-1 decreased parasite replication by arresting schizont rupture, and conditional disruption of PfSEA-1 resulted in a profound parasite replication defect. Vaccination of mice with recombinant Plasmodium berghei PbSEA-1 significantly reduced parasitemia and delayed mortality after lethal challenge with the Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. Tanzanian children with antibodies to recombinant PfSEA-1A (rPfSEA-1A) did not experience severe malaria, and Kenyan adolescents and adults with antibodies to rPfSEA-1A had significantly lower parasite densities than individuals without these antibodies. By blocking schizont egress, PfSEA-1 may synergize with other vaccines targeting hepatocyte and RBC invasion.