gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resistivity Control of Ge Grown by GeI2 Disproportionation (1965)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. R. Riben, D. L. Feucht, W. G. Oldham; Resistivity Control of Ge Grown by GeI2 Disproportionation. Journal of Applied Physics 1 November 1965; 36 (11): 3685–3686. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1703068 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Apoptotic Topoisomerase I-DNA Complexes Induced by Staurosporine-mediated Oxygen Radicals (2004)

Topoisomerase I (Top1), an abundant nuclear enzyme expressed throughout the cell cycle, relaxes DNA supercoiling by forming transient covalent DNA cleavage complexes. We show here that staurosporine, a ubiquitous inducer of apoptosis in mammalian cells, stabilizes cellular Top1 cleavage complexes. These complexes are formed indirectly as staurosporine cannot induce Top1 cleavage complexes in normal DNA with recombinant Top1 or nuclear extract from normal cells. In treated cells, staurosporine produces oxidative DNA lesions and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Quenching of these ROS by the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine or inhibition of the mitochondrial dependent production of ROS by the caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-VAD prevents staurosporine-induced Top1 cleavage complexes. Down-regulation of Top1 by small interfering RNA decreases staurosporine-induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation. We propose that Top1 cleavage complexes resulting from oxidative DNA lesions generated by ROS in staurosporine-treated cells contribute to the full apoptotic response.
Dabigatran (2011)

Dabigatran etexilate is the first commercially available oral direct thrombin inhibitor. A single trial has studied patients at risk for stroke associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation; in this trial, dabigatran 150 mg twice a day met the criteria for superiority over warfarin in preventing stroke and systemic embolism while reducing the rate of hemorrhagic stroke with a similar risk of major bleeding. For the treatment of venous thromboembolism, dabigatran 150 mg twice a day had comparable efficacy and safety versus warfarin. In contrast, dabigatran was less effective than enoxaparin 30 mg twice a day in venous thromboembolism prevention in orthopedic surgery. Advantages of dabigatran over warfarin include its lack of need for routine laboratory monitoring, a fixed-dose regimen, and potentially fewer clinically important drug interactions. Concerns include higher incidences of dyspepsia and gastrointestinal bleeding, twice-daily dosing, and lack of effective antidote. Additional drawbacks include higher drug cost versus warfarin, accumulation in case of renal impairment, higher discontinuation rates due to adverse events, and limited long-term safety and trial data. From a payer perspective, overall costs will be higher with dabigatran compared with warfarin, but dabigatran does meet the threshold to be considered a cost-effective therapy. In addition, the lack of need for regular laboratory monitoring is a quality of life advantage for patients on dabigatran. These observations suggest that dabigatran is a valuable addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for stroke prevention in selected patients with atrial fibrillation although caution should be exercised given the limited data on this agent and higher cost.
Feasibility study of using licensee event reports for a statistical assessment of the effect of overtime and shift work on operator error (1982)

Since the TMI incident considerable interest has been focused upon the human factor aspects of nuclear power plant operation. One of the concerns has been the effects of shift work (rotation and length) and overtime on operator performance. In its request for human factors research (RR-NRR-81-2), the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation requested research be performed to identify the effects of shift work and overtime on operator performance. The staff of the Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research performed the study here as an initial response to that request. The purpose of this reported preliminary research is two-fold: to determine the adequacy of using the Licensee Event Reports (LERs) to evaluate: the effects of shift work and overtime on human performance in nuclear power plants, and the statistical nature of human error in nuclear power plants; and given that the LERs are adequate to draw statistical conclusions about human performance in nuclear power plants.
Aqueous Humor Dynamics and Trabecular Meshwork and Anterior Ciliary Muscle Morphologic Changes with Age in Rhesus Monkeys (2003)

The decline in Fu in very old rhesus monkeys with normal IOP parallels that seen in normotensive aging humans. This may be correlated with thickening of the elastic fiber sheath in the CM tips in addition to other morphologic changes. The TM findings are analogous to those in the aging human eye and are consistent with the age-related decrease in outflow facility reported in both humans and monkeys.
Analyse et synthèse des systèmes logiques (2004)

Ce livre présente les deux types d'éléments qui composent le système logique asynchrone: l'élément combinatoire et l'élément de délai (ou retard). Il décrit les assemblages principaux des éléments combinatoires, les modèles de la bascule bistable, ainsi que les compteurs et les systèmes séquentiels synchrone ou quasi synchrones. Il définit l'élément de délai inertiel et traite des assemblages quelconques sans ou avec boucle de rétroaction.
Randomised phase II study of ASA404 combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel in previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (2008)

ASA404 (5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid or DMXAA) is a small-molecule tumour-vascular disrupting agent (Tumour-VDA). This randomised phase II study evaluated ASA404 plus standard therapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with histologically confirmed stage IIIb or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) not previously treated with chemotherapy. Patients were randomised to receive </=6 cycles of carboplatin area under the plasma concentration-time curve 6 mg ml(-1) min and paclitaxel 175 mg m(-2) (CP, n=36) or standard therapy plus ASA404 1200 mg m(-2) (ASA404-CP, n=37). There was little change in the systemic exposure of either total or free carboplatin or paclitaxel on addition of ASA404. Safety profiles were similar and manageable in both groups, with most adverse effects attributed to standard therapy. Tumour response rate (31 vs 22%), median time to tumour progression (5.4 vs 4.4 months) and median survival (14.0 vs 8.8 months, hazard ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.39, 1.38) were improved in the ASA404 combination group compared with the standard therapy group. In conclusion, this study establishes the feasibility of combining ASA404 with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with previously untreated, advanced NSCLC, demonstrating a manageable safety profile and lack of adverse pharmacokinetic interactions. The results indicate that there may be a benefit associated with ASA404, but this needs to be evaluated in a larger trial.
GPS versus Loran-C for vehicular navigation in urban and mountainous areas (1993)

The main characteristics of both Global Positioning System (GPS) and Loran-C (LF) navigation systems are reviewed, with emphasis on vehicular navigation applications. The effects of the GPS line-of-sight requirement and Loran-C signal interference and attenuation in urban and mountainous areas are discussed. Unaided GPS and Loran-C signal availability statistics sufficient for 2D positioning with HDOP < 5 are presented using GPS and Loran-C signal statistics. In Calgary, GPS availability is found to be better than Loran-C. This is attributed to a near complete satellite constellation and to the use of a fast signal acquisition GPS receiver. The use of integrated GPS/Loran-C improve GPS availability by only a few percent. In the mountains, the use of an integrated system increases availability to 95% as compared to 65% for GPS and 75% for multi-chain Loran-C.
Charge Trapping in Organic Photovoltaic Materials Examined with Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy (2009)

Bimolecular charge recombination is examined in a polymer blend photovoltaic material using time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy on the 100 fs to millisecond time scales. The carbonyl (C═O) stretch of the functionalized fullerene, PCBM, is probed as a local vibrational reporter of electron transfer and subsequent bimolecular charge recombination in a blend of the conjugated polymer, CN-MEH-PPV, with PCBM. Electron transfer from CN-MEH-PPV to PCBM occurs on the sub-100 fs to 1 ps time scale following ultrafast excitation of the conjugated polymer. Bimolecular charge recombination occurs much more slowly on the 100 μs time scale, in accord with recent optical measurements of charge recombination in similar MDMO-PPV-based polymer blends. However, a new vibrational feature that is assigned to the negative polaron of PCBM appears in the transient spectra on the few microsecond time scale. The appearance of this feature on time scales that are slow in comparison to electron transfer but fast with respect to bimolecular charge recombination suggests that it arises from an intermediate relaxation process, perhaps resulting from the formation of trapped electrons. The time scale for the appearance of the negative polaron absorption coincides with the bimolecular charge recombination lifetime of similar MDMO-PPV-based polymer blends that have been reported in the literature from transient photocurrent measurements.
On the Scaling Law of Network Coding Gains in Wireless Networks (2007)

We study the scaling law governing the delay gains of network coding as compared to traditional transmission strategies in unreliable wireless networks. We distinguish between two types of traffic, namely elastic and inelastic, where the elasticity of a flow is based on the delay constraints associated with it. This novel formulation is useful in that it allows for the modeling of real-time traffic more accurately. Considering the limited availability of feedback in such systems, we focus on strategies with minimal acknowledgement requirements. Under both traffic types, we provide an extensive analysis of the gains of network coding as compared to traditional transmission strategies in a single-hop setting, and show that the gains are significant in general and can be considerably large in some cases. We further provide a method for realizing these gains in multi-hop networks with general topologies using the analysis of the single hop scenario.
UV-C response of the ribonucleotide reductase large subunit involves both E2F-mediated gene transcriptional regulation and protein subcellular relocalization in tobacco cells (2004)

E2F factors are implicated in various cellular processes including specific gene induction at the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. We present in this study a novel regulatory aspect for the tobacco large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (R1a) and its encoding gene (RNR1a) in the UV-C response. By structural analyses, two E2F sites were identified on the promoter of this gene. Functional analysis showed that, in addition to their role in the specific G1/S induction of the RNR1a gene, both E2F sites were important for regulating specific RNR1a gene expression in response to UV-C irradiation in non-synchronized and synchronized cells. Concomitantly, western blot and cellular analyses showed an increase of a 60 kDa E2F factor and a transient translocation of a GFP-R1a protein fusion from cytoplasm to nucleus in response to UV irradiation.
Efficient and General Synthesis of 5-(Alkoxycarbonyl)methylene-3-oxazolines by Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Prop-2-ynylamides (2002)

A variety of prop-2-ynylamides have been carbonylated under oxidative conditions to give oxazolines, oxazolines with chelating groups, and bisoxazolines bearing an (alkoxycarbonyl)methylene chain at the 5 position in good yields. The cyclization-alkoxycarbonylation process was carried out in alcoholic media at 50-70 degrees C and under 24 bar pressure of 3:1 carbon monoxide/air in the presence of catalytic amounts of 10% Pd/C or PdI2 in conjunction with KI. Cyclization occurred by anti attack of an oxygen function on the palladium-coordinated triple bond, followed by stereospecific alkoxycarbonylation, strictly resulting in E-stereochemistry. The structures of representative oxazolines and bisoxazolines have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Synthesis of Overloaded Cyclopentadienyl Rhodium(III) Complexes via Cyclotetramerization of tert-Butylacetylene (2021)

Herein we describe the synthesis and reactivity of rhodium catalysts with the very bulky cyclopentadienyl ligand C8H3tBu4 (designated as tBu4Cp). The reaction of [Rh(cod)Cl]2 with tert-butylacetylene in the presence of Et3N gives the complex (tBu4Cp)Rh(cod) (60–65% yield), in which the cyclopentadienyl ligand tBu4Cp is assembled from four alkyne molecules. The oxidation of (tBu4Cp)Rh(cod) with chlorine or bromine gives the corresponding halide complexes (tBu4Cp)RhX2 (X = Cl (85%), Br (95%)), which have unusual 16-electron monomeric structures due to the steric shielding provided by tBu groups. A similar reaction with iodine gives the ionic dinuclear complex [(tBu4Cp)RhI3Rh(tBu4Cp)]I (99%) with halide bridges. The bromide complex (tBu4Cp)RhBr2 reacts with phosphorus ligands such as P(OMe)3, P(OPh)3, PMe2Ph, and PMePh2 to give the 18-electron adducts (tBu4Cp)RhBr2(PR3), but no reaction occurs with larger phosphines such as PPh3. The racemic chloride (tBu4Cp)RhCl2 can be separated into enantiomers by preparative TLC of its diastereomeric adducts with (R)-phenylglycinol. The complex (tBu4Cp)RhBr2 catalyzes C–H activation and annulation of O-pivaloyl-hydroxamate as well as insertion of phenyldiazoacetate into E–H bonds, although the reaction rates and the substrate scope are limited by the bulky tBu4Cp ligand.
A Scientific Theme Emergence Detection Approach Based on Citation Graph Analysis (2008)

Citation graph analysis has been used to evaluate the significance of documents and authors, or to estimate the impact of publication venues. In this paper, we investigate its new application in topic identification. We first model the communities in the citation graph as related documents on a specific topic. And then, a scientific theme detection algorithm is proposed based on community partition, attempting to identify the emergency of a new theme by tracking the change of the community where the top cited nodes lie in. Experimental results on real dataset show that the proposed method can detect new topic timely with only a subset of data.
Simulated annealing-based decision support system for routing problems (2014)

The spatial character intrinsic to the routing field requires the integration of geographic information systems (GIS) and optimization approaches to handle spatial and non-spatial data in transportation applications. Motivated by the need to better support decision making in logistic area, we develop an interactive spatial decision support system (SDSS) for solving the vehicle routing problems by coupling the simulated annealing method with Quantum GIS (QGIS). In this paper, the evoked variants of VRP are detailed and formulated mathematically. The SDSS architecture is designed for the VRPs showing the interaction of GIS and SA approach according to the tight coupling strategy. A VRP variant termed the Open VRP (OVRP) is selected to show the system effectiveness. The computational performance of the SDSS for the OVRP, based on a set of benchmark instances, turned out to be effective on both computation time and solution quality.
DCDC2READ1 regulatory element: how temporal processing differences may shape language (2020)

Classic linguistic theory ascribes language change and diversity to population migrations, conquests, and geographical isolation, with the assumption that human populations have equivalent language processing abilities. We hypothesize that spectral and temporal characteristics make some consonant manners vulnerable to differences in temporal precision associated with specific population allele frequencies. To test this hypothesis, we modelled association between RU1-1 alleles of <i>DCDC2</i> and manner of articulation in 51 populations spanning five continents, and adjusting for geographical proximity, and genetic and linguistic relatedness. RU1-1 alleles, acting through increased expression of <i>DCDC2</i>, appear to increase auditory processing precision that enhances stop-consonant discrimination, favouring retention in some populations and loss by others. These findings enhance classical linguistic theories by adding a genetic dimension, which until recently, has not been considered to be a significant catalyst for language change.
Taking Trash Out of Hiding (1994)

Out of sight, out of mind has been the country’s solid waste mind-set. But when the $18 million Phoenix Solid Waste Management Center becomes fully operational in April, visitors will witness waste processing from catwalks and study their trash from an amphitheater’s large viewing windows. City planners are convinced that through a combination of engineering, education and art, the center will alert the public to the country’s solid waste crisis. This facility is reportedly the only one in the nation that combines so many waste-handling functions at one site: solid waste and recyclables, yard-and wood-waste mulching, and solid waste management and recycling education programs. The Solid Waste Management Center is designed to handle the commercial and municipal solid waste generated by the southern half of the city well into the next century. The plant has been designed to handle the daily transfer of 3,800 tons of solid waste, the arrival of 1,100 self-haul drop-off vehicles, and the processing of 400 tons of commercial and residential recyclables. Construction on the 62 acre complex, located about 10 min. by car from downtown Phoenix, was completed last year by Joe E. Woods Construction Co., Phoenix, Az.
Involvement of NRAMP1 from Arabidopsis thaliana in iron transport (2000)

Nramp genes code for a widely distributed class of proteins involved in a variety of processes, ranging from the control of susceptibility to bacterial infection in mammalian cells and taste behaviour in Drosophila to manganese uptake in yeast. Some of the NRAMP proteins in mammals and in yeast are capable of transporting metal ions, including iron. In plants, iron transport was shown to require a reduction/Fe(II) transport system. In Arabidopsis thaliana this process involves the IRT1 and Fro2 genes. Here we report the sequence of five NRAMP proteins from A. thaliana. Sequence comparison suggests that there are two classes of NRAMP proteins in plants: A. thaliana (At) NRAMP1 and Oriza sativa (Os) NRAMP1 and 3 (two rice isologues) represent one class, and AtNRAMP2-5 and OsNRAMP2 the other. AtNramp1 and OsNramp1 are able to complement the fet3fet4 yeast mutant defective both in low- and high-affinity iron transports, whereas AtNramp2 and OsNramp2 fail to do so. In addition, AtNramp1 transcript, but not AtNramp2 transcript, accumulates in response to iron deficiency in roots but not in leaves. Finally, overexpression of AtNramp1 in transgenic A. thaliana plants leads to an increase in plant resistance to toxic iron concentration. Taken together, these results demonstrate that AtNramp1 participates in the control of iron homoeostasis in plants.
A Novel Wild-Land Fire-Fighting Foam for Minimizing the Phytotoxicity of Wood Burning-Derived Smoke Tested in Living Plant Cells (2014)

Impact of wild-land fires to the ecosystem is highly complex. Damages to the ecosystem can be attributed not only to the direct impact of fire and release of toxic post-combustion gasses but also to the spraying of fire-fighting chemicals. Fire-fighting foam (FFF) agents are frequently applied for controls in wild-land fires including forest fire. However, effects of FFFs on the composition of the post-combustion gasses and the phytotoxicity of smoke derived from burning woods have not been determined to date. In the present study, with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), we have analyzed the chemical composition of the gasses derived from wood slices exposed to two distinct manners of combustion, namely, smoldering (gradual combustion without flame) and rapid burning (combustion with flame). Tested samples include slices of Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, and Western hemlock. The amount of hydrocarbons, detected in the post-combustion gas such as methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, hexane, formaldehyde, acrolein and phenol, were higher in the gasses from smoldered samples. The major hydrocarbon found in the post-combustion gases processed in the presence of pilot flame was methane. Other hydrocarbons were hardly detectable. Addition of FFFs, namely, a soap-based FFF (designated as MK-08) and a detergent co cocktail-based FFF (Phos-chek) onto wooden slices resulted in slight increase in other hydrocarbons in the gasses derived from flame-driven combustion of wood slices. Interestingly, addition of Phos-chek drastically elevated the phytotoxicity of post-combustion gas derived from Western hemlock slices heated in the presence of pilot flame when assessed using the suspension cultured tobacco cells. In contrast, the soap-based FFF tested here did not alter the phytotoxicity of the post-combustion gasses, suggesting that soap-based FFF might minimize the impact of the fire-fighting activity to the living plants consisting the ecosystem in the forests and wild-land.
Enhanced osteoblast functions and bactericidal effect of Ca and Ag dual-ion implanted surface layers on nanograined titanium alloys (2014)

To endow a Ti-based implant with enhanced osteogenic activity and antibacterial property, we herein modified nano-grained (NG) and coarse-grained (CG) Ti surface layers by the implantation of Ca and/or Ag ions, which were derived by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). The cellular adhesion, proliferation, differentiation (as marked by the osteogenesis-related gene expression, ALP activity and specific protein content) and extracellular matrix mineralization of hFOB1.19 osteoblasts, as well as the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on as-SMATed and different ion-implanted surfaces, were also investigated. The obtained results show that Ca and/or Ag ion implantation almost does not significantly alter the surface roughness and topography of the SMATed layers; moreover, it has little influence on the microstructure of the SMAT-achieved Ti nanograins. Furthermore, the implanted Ca and Ag are in the form of CaTiO<sub>3</sub> and metallic Ag nanoparticles (NPs), respectively, and are embedded tightly in the Ti matrix. Significant enhancements of osteoblast functions are exhibited on the NG and ion-implanted NG surfaces compared to the CG and ion-implanted CG surfaces, which is related to the grain size and hydrophilicity of the surfaces. Although the Ca and Ag dual-ion implanted CG surface can simultaneously enhance the osteogenic activity and antibacterial properties compared to the CG surface, the enhancement of dual functions is more pronounced on the dual-ion implanted NG surface because the NG surface is more beneficial to the implantation of Ag and Ca ions compared to the CG surface. Although surface chemistry and hydrophilicity are responsible for the various antibacterial properties of the surfaces, the Ag NPs in the ion-implanted surfaces play a dominant role in the bactericidal ability compared to the hydrophilicity. Our study provides a promising means for designing biomaterial surfaces such that their osteoblast functions and antibacterial activity are perfectly balanced.