gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Information Integration in Judgements of Time to Contact (2003)

Time to contact (TTC) is specified optically by tau, and studies suggest that observers are sensitive to this information. However, TTC judgements also are influenced by other sources of information, including pictorial depth cues. Therefore, it is useful to identify these sources of information and to determine whether and how their effects combine when multiple sources are available. We evaluated the effect of five depth cues on TTC judgements. Results indicate that relative size, height in field, occlusion, and motion parallax influence TTC judgements. When multiple cues are available, an integration (rather than selection) strategy is used. Finally, the combined effects of multiple cues are not always consistent with a strict additive model and may be task dependent.
Chromatic dispersion limitations due to semiconductor laser chirping in conventional and dispersion-shifted single-mode fiber systems (1988)

The effect of dynamic linewidth broadening due to frequency chirping in directly modulated single-mode lasers, combined with dispersive single-mode fibers, has been investigated using computer simulation. It has been found that dispersion-shifted fibers have a potential advantage over conventional single-mode fibers for dual-window multigigabit-per-second bidirectional and wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission systems.
Опыт применения метаболических кардиопротекторов в детской спортивной медицине (2011)

Our previous studies have demonstrated the importance of early diagnostics and treatment of pathological cardiac transformations in young athletes. The present pilot clinical study is focused on cardioprotective effects of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-oxypyridine succinate ("Mexicor", EcoPharmInvest) in young athletes with stress cardiomyopathy.It was demonstrated that Mexicor is at least as effective as creatine phosphate, a "gold standard" medication in sports medicine, for correction of hemodynamic, autonomic, or metabolic disturbances, as well as exercise capacity improvement.The results obtained enable us to increase the range of metabolic medications used in sports cardiology.
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors Fully Retargeted to Tumor- Associated Antigens (2018)

Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel therapeutic modality for malignant diseases that exploits selective viral replication in cancer cells. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a promising agent for oncolytic virotherapy due to its broad cell tropism and the identification of mutations that favor its replication in tumor over normal cells. However, these attenuating mutations also tend to limit the potency of current oncolytic HSV vectors that have entered clinical studies. As an alternative, vector retargeting to novel entry receptors has the potential to achieve tumor specificity at the stage of virus entry, eliminating the need for replication-attenuating mutations. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanism of HSV entry and recent advances in the development of fully retargeted HSV vectors for oncolytic virotherapy. Retargeted HSV vectors offer an attractive platform for the creation of a new generation of oncolytic HSV with improved efficacy and specificity.
무기력의 심리에 관한 신경과학적 접근 (2014)

인간이라는 사회적 존재는 자율적이고 능동적인 존재로서 자신과 자신을 둘러싼 환경에 적극적으로영향을 미치고 싶어 하며 이를 통해 성장하고 또 만족감을 얻는다. 하지만 현대 사회에 갈수록 이와는달리 무기력을 호소하는 사람들이 늘어가고 있으며, 이는 교육현장에 있어서도 예외가 아니다. 이에 이연구에서는 무기력의 심리에 대해 신경과학적으로 접근해 보고자 하였다. 인간의 모든 활동은 뇌 활동과긴밀한 관계에 있으며 따라서 인간의 다양한 무기력증에 대해서도 신경과학적 관점에서 이해할 필요가있다. 연구결과, 인간은 생물구조적인 차원에서부터 자율적인 존재이며 이에 기초하여 심리적 자율감을형성하고 또 나아가 사회적 교류를 해 나가며, 따라서 모든 무기력은 근본적인 의미에서 ‘학습된 무기력’에 해당됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 최근 신경과학연구의 의미 있는 결과 중 하나라고 할 수 있는 ‘사회적뇌(social barin)’라는 관점에서 보았을 때 무기력은 사회적 뇌라는 인간 뇌의 기본 속성이 충분히 발현될수 없는 조건의 결과물, 즉 진정한 사회적 소통 부재(결핍)의 산물임을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구에서는 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 우리 뇌의 디폴트 모드 네트워크(Default Mode Network)의 활성화의 중요성을 강조하고 이를 통해 무기력의 심리를 극복해 나갈 것을 제안하였다.
A WIDE SPEED RANGE SENSORLESS CONTROL TECHNIQUE OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS FOR ELECTRIC PROPULSORS (2010)

This paper presents a sensorless drive technique for permanent-magnet brushless DC motors applied to electric propulsors of small ships or underwater vehicles. Propulsors enveloping electric motors (e.g., POD or subsea thrusters) have been increasingly applied due to their advantages of excellent maneuverability, high efficiency and low maintenance costs. To secure reliable operation under water, sensorless control is considered as an appropriate technique. However, conventional sensorless techniques often suffer problems of narrow speed range and low efficiency, particularly when the propulsors sustain heavy load at high speed operation. Hence, a sensorless technique with a wide speed range is developed in this paper using an enhanced commutation method. A brushless DC motor is first used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed technique. An electric thruster is further tested, where the results show that the efficiency matches that of the common Hall element commutation approach.
Fabrication of a 60‐nm‐Diameter Perfectly Round Metal‐Dot Array over a Large Area on a Plastic Substrate Using Nanoimprint Lithography and Self‐Perfection by Liquefaction (2010)

Typically, nanopatterning on plastic substrates has poor fidelity, poor adhesion, and low yield. Here the proposal of and the first experiment using a new fabrication method that overcomes the above obstacles and has achieved arrays of 60-nm-diameter, perfectly round metal dots over a large area on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with high fidelity and high yield is reported. This new method is based on the use of a thin hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) layer on top of PET, nanoimprint lithography, and self-perfection by liquefaction (SPEL). The HSQ layer offers excellent thermal protection to the PET substrate during SPEL, as well as good surface adhesion and etching resistance. Nanoimprinting plus a lift off created a large-area array of Cr squares (100 nm x 130 nm) on HSQ and SPEL changed each Cr square into a perfectly round Cr dot with a diameter of 60 nm, reducing the Cr footprint area by 78%. Compared to bare PET, the use of HSQ also reduced the variation in the diameter of the Cr dots from 11.3 nm (standard deviation) to 1.7 nm, an improvement of over 660%. This new technology can be scaled to much larger areas (including roll-to-roll web processing) and thus potentially has applications in various fields.
Effect of Ethylene Upon Respiration of Lemons (1924)

1. Ethylene at concentrations of one part in one thousand of air, one part in ten thousand, one part in one hundred thousand, and one part in one million increased the respiration of green lemons. The effect appeared to be greatest at the intermediate concentrations, although more work to establish the concentration yielding the maximum effect is necessary. 2. The increase in carbon dioxide output ranged from about 100 per cent to about 250 per cent. 3. After the respiration of a given lot of lemons had been increased by the use of ethylene, a discontinuance of the ethylene applications led to a decrease. 4. Yellowing of the ethylene treated fruit became visible about the third or fourth day, and full yellow color was developed in six to ten days. Untreated fruit remained green during the same period of time.
ChemInform Abstract: “Carbomers”. Part 1. A General Concept of Expanded Molecules. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of instabilities in explosively dispersed particles (2012)

Models for explosives containing metal particles must consider the complex gas-particle flow that is generated following detonation of the explosive. Previous experimental studies have shown that when a layer of solid particles is explosively dispersed, the particles often develop a non-uniform spatial distribution. The instabilities within the particles and at the particle layer interface likely form on the timescale of the detonation propagation through the particles. The mesoscale perturbations are manifested at later times in experiments by the formation of clusters of particles or coherent jet-like particle structures which persist for some distance during the dispersal process. These particle jets influence the particle-gas mixing and hence particle reaction rates at the macro scale. The particle instabilities that occur in explosively dispersed particles are investigated with a mesh-free computational method (smoothed-particle hydrodynamics). The simulations are compared with experimental results for the dispersal of a cylindrical packed bed of particles surrounding a central explosive charge. Of particular interest is the effect of the particle density and charge/particle mass ratio on the susceptibility of the particles to form jets.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Symptomatic Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated Inflammation: Prospective Characterization of KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) (2015)

KICS subjects demonstrated diverse severe symptoms, a high rate of KSHV-associated tumors, high mortality, and a distinct IL-6/IL-10 signature. KICS may be an important unrecognized cause of morbidity and mortality, including symptoms previously ascribed to HIV. Exploration of KSHV-directed therapy is warranted.
Co-optimization of Heavy-Duty Fuels and Engines: Cost Benefit Analysis and Implications (2019)

Heavy-duty vehicles require expensive aftertreatment systems for control of emissions such as particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) to comply with stringent emission standards. Reduced engine-out emissions could potentially alleviate the emission control burden, and thus bring about reductions in the cost associated with aftertreatment systems, which translates into savings in vehicle ownership. This study evaluates potential reductions in manufacturing and operating costs of redesigned emission aftertreatment systems of line-haul heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) with reduced engine-out emissions brought about by co-optimized fuel and engine technologies. Three emissions reduction cases representing conservative, medium, and optimistic engine-out emission reduction benefits are analyzed, compared to a reference case: the total costs of aftertreatment systems (TCA) of the three cases are reduced to $11,400(1.63 ¢/km), $9,100 (1.30 ¢/km), and $8,800 (1.26 ¢/km), respectively, compared to $12,000 (1.71 ¢/km) for the reference case. The largest potential reductions result from reduced diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) usage due to lower NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions. Downsizing aftertreatment devices is not likely, because the sizes of devices are dependent on not only engine-out emissions, but also other factors such as engine displacement. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the price and usage of DEF have the largest impacts on TCA reduction.
Benign hyperfiltration after living kidney donation (2015)

Almost one-third of transplanted kidneys come from living donors, who sacrifice approximately 30% of their pre-donation glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after they experience compensatory hypertrophy and hyperfiltration in their remaining kidney. Although hyperfiltration can cause glomerular injury, many studies have suggested that donor nephrectomy itself does not cause long-term loss of GFR at a higher rate than what is seen in the normal aging population. However, when post-donation kidney diseases occur in an unfortunate few, recent studies suggest that GFR loss at donor nephrectomy increases the risk of eventual end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In this issue of the JCI, Lenihan and colleagues evaluated glomerular dynamics in a cohort of kidney donors prior to, within 1 year of, and several years after kidney donation. Their results suggest that adaptive hyperfiltration in the remaining kidney occurs without glomerular hypertension, furthering our understanding of the relatively benign renal outcomes for most living kidney donors.
A framework for model-based repair (1993)

We describe irs, a program that combines partialorder planning with gde-style, model-based diagnosis to achieve an integrated approach to repair. Our system makes three contributions to the field of diagnosis. First, we provide a unified treatment of both information-gathering and state-altering actions via the uwl representation language. Second, we describe a way to use part-replacement operations (in addition to probes) to gather diagnostic information. Finally, we define a cost function for decision making that accounts for both the eventual need to repair broken parts and the dependence of costs on the device state. Introduction Although researchers have investigated model-based diagnosis for many years, only recently has attention turned to what should, perhaps, have been the central question all along: repair. When field-replaceable parts contain multiple components, focusing on determining the exact component responsible for faulty behavior can be counterproductive, since the ...
Predicting Quality of Overnight Glycaemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Using Binary Classifiers (2019)

In type 1 diabetes management, maintaining nocturnal blood glucose within target range can be challenging. Although semi-automatic systems to modulate insulin pump delivery, such as low-glucose insulin suspension and the artificial pancreas, are starting to become a reality, their elevated cost and performance below user expectations is hindering their adoption. Hence, a decision support system that helps people with type 1 diabetes, on multiple daily injections or insulin pump therapy, to avoid undesirable overnight blood glucose fluctuations (hyper- or hypoglycaemic) is an attractive alternative. In this paper, we introduce a novel data-driven approach to predict the quality of overnight glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes by analyzing commonly gathered data during the day-time period (continuous glucose monitoring data, meal intake and insulin boluses). The proposed approach is able to predict whether overnight blood glucose concentrations are going to remain within or outside the target range, and therefore allows the user to take the appropriate preventive action (snack or change in basal insulin). For this purpose, a number of popular established machine learning algorithms for binary classification were evaluated and compared on a publicly available clinical dataset (i.e., OhioT1DM). Although there is no clearly superior classification algorithm, this study indicates that, by using commonly gathered data in type 1 diabetes management, it is possible to predict the quality of overnight glycaemic control with reasonable accuracy (AUC-ROC = 0.7).
An implantable digital telemetry integrated circuit using an automatic resonant-frequency search technique (2003)

An integrated circuit is presented which uses a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and amplitude detector to search for the resonant frequency prior to each transmission, thus guaranteeing resonant operation despite variations in either antenna or integrated circuit characteristics. A block diagram of the transmitter is shown. The transmitter design is combined with a simpler on-off keying receiver and the necessary digital logic to support bidirectional digital telemetry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Direct Synthesis of Benzoylpyridines from Chloropyridines via a Palladium-Carbene Catalyzed Carbonylative Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction (2003)

International audience
Es hat sich gelohnt! (2018)

Arbeit strukturiert unseren Alltag, wirkt identitäts- und beziehungsstiftend, stabilisiert unser Selbstwertgefühl, bietet die Chance zur Selbstbestimmung und sichert natürlich unsere wirtschaftliche Existenz. Ein guter Job hat einen hohen Resilienzfaktor. Wir wissen alle, dass schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen unsere seelische und körperliche Gesundheit gefährden. Chronischer Stress und Überforderung macht krank. Neurobiologische Studien untermauern dieses Wissen und bieten Erklärungsansätze für diese Prozesse. Wir wissen auch, dass sich die Arbeitswelten ständig ändern, mit positiven wie negativen Konsequenzen: Zeitdruck, zu knappe Terminvorgaben, steigende Arbeitsbelastung, Arbeitsverdichtung – aber auch mehr Flexibilität und weniger körperliche Arbeitsschwere.
Annual Meeting of the Society (1938)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Immersed diffraction grating refractometers of liquids (2016)

In this work, we report the development, construction, and the performance of two liquid refractometers that use a reflective diffraction grating immersed in a test liquid. The liquid is contained in a transparent glass cell with a rectangular cross section. The grating is oriented in such a way that the propagation directions of the incident beam and the beam diffracted by the lower part of the grating immersed in the liquid are perpendicular. In this configuration, the refractive index is determined by measuring the angle of the zeroth-order diffraction beam coming from the upper part of the grating, which is in contact with air. The diffractive refractometers (DR-1 and DR-2) have different angle measurement procedures and different light detection systems, and their advantages and drawbacks are pointed out. In the experiments, precisions of the order of 10<sup>-5</sup> and 10<sup>-4</sup> for DR-1 and DR-2 are achieved, respectively. The performances of both systems are compared with the performance of a commercial Abbe refractometer in the measurement of sugar and NaCl aqueous solutions.
Straightforward routes from CIFs to three-dimensional printed crystallographic models (2017)

Crystallographic models of molecules, Bravais lattices, crystal structures, space and point group symmetries, crystal defects, and crystal morphologies are all examples of what can be encoded in the well documented and versatile Crystallographic Information Framework (CIF) file format that is utilized by the open-access databases mentioned below. The Crystallography Open Database (COD, www.crystallography.net) has accumulated more than 370,000 entries and is the world's premier open-access source for the CIFs of structures of small molecules and small to medium sized unit cell crystals. There are currently four mirrors of this database worldwide (http://cod.ibt.lt/, http://cod.ensicaen.fr/, http://qiserver.ugr.es/cod/, and http://nanocrystallography.org/). Other open access sources of
Mathematics of combustion (1985)

Integr8 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/integr8/) is providing an integration layer for the exploitation of genomic and proteomic data by drawing on databases maintained at major bioinformatics centres in Europe. Main aims are to store the relationships of biological entities to each other and to entries in other databases, to provide a framework that allows for new kinds of data to be integrated, and to offer an entity-centric view of complete genomes and proteomes. Basic tools for data integration comprise the Proteome Analysis database, the International Protein Index (IPI), the Universal Protein sequence archive (UniParc) and the Genome Reviews. Entry points for the Integr8 portal depend on the users entity of interest: from browsing the taxonomy or with a predetermined species of interest, the species page can be used, and a simple search page leads to different applications when looking for certain protein sequences or genes. Customisable statistics data are available from the BioMart application, and pre-prepared data can be downloaded from the FTP site.
Unexpected Coelenterazine Degradation Products of Beroe abyssicola Photoprotein Photoinactivation (2021)

Ca<sup>2+</sup>-regulated photoproteins of ctenophores lose bioluminescence activity when exposed to visible light. Little is known about the chemical nature of chromophore photoinactivation. Using a total synthesis strategy, we have established the structures of two unusual coelenterazine products, isolated from recombinant berovin of the ctenophore <i>Beroe abyssicola</i>, which are <i>Z</i>/<i>E</i> isomers. We propose that during light irradiation, these derivatives are formed from 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine via the intermediate 8a-peroxide by a mechanism reminiscent of that previously described for the auto-oxidation of green-fluorescent-protein-like chromophores.
Single crystal growth and various electronic states in Yb-based compounds (2013)

We succeeded in growing single crystals of YbTIn5 (T: Co, Rh, Ir), YbGa4, YbT2Zn20 (T: Co, Rh, Ir), YbPdGe, Yb2Pt2Pb, and YbPd5Al2. The electronic and magnetic properties are clarified by measuring the electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, specific heat and de Haas — van Alphen effect.
Haloperidol and Ziprasidone for Treatment of Delirium in Critical Illness (2018)

BackgroundThere are conflicting data on the effects of antipsychotic medications on delirium in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned patients with acute respiratory failure or shock and hypoactive or hyperactive delirium to receive intravenous boluses of haloperidol (maximum dose, 20 mg daily), ziprasidone (maximum dose, 40 mg daily), or placebo. The volume and dose of a trial drug or placebo was halved or doubled at 12-hour intervals on the basis of the presence or absence of delirium, as detected with the use of the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU, and of side effects of the intervention. The primary end point was the number of days alive without delirium or coma during the 14-day intervention period. Secondary end points included 30-day and 90-day survival, time to freedom from mechanical ventilation, and time to ICU and hospital discharge. Safety end points included extrapyramidal symptoms and excessive sedation.ResultsWritten informed consent was obtained from 1183 patients or their authorized representatives. Delirium developed in 566 patients (48%), of whom 89% had hypoactive delirium and 11% had hyperactive delirium. Of the 566 patients, 184 were randomly assigned to receive placebo, 192 to receive haloperidol, and 190 to receive ziprasidone. The median duration of exposure to a trial drug or placebo was 4 days (interquartile range, 3 to 7). The median number of days alive without delirium or coma was 8.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6 to 9.9) in the placebo group, 7.9 (95% CI, 4.4 to 9.6) in the haloperidol group, and 8.7 (95% CI, 5.9 to 10.0) in the ziprasidone group (P=0.26 for overall effect across trial groups). The use of haloperidol or ziprasidone, as compared with placebo, had no significant effect on the primary end point (odds ratios, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.64 to 1.21] and 1.04 [95% CI, 0.73 to 1.48], respectively). There were no significant between-group differences with respect to the secondary end points or the frequency of extrapyramidal symptoms.ConclusionsThe use of haloperidol or ziprasidone, as compared with placebo, in patients with acute respiratory failure or shock and hypoactive or hyperactive delirium in the ICU did not significantly alter the duration of delirium. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the VA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center; MIND-USA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01211522 .).