gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoinduced diffusion of Ag in GexSe1−x glass (1985)

Diffusion of Ag in GexSe1−x (x∼0.1) under UV light irradiation is studied using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and microlithography techniques. The diffusion coefficient at 21 °C and 2 mW/cm2 is determined to be 2.7 nm2/s. The temperature dependence of the diffusivity follows an Arrhenius-type equation with an activation energy of 5.32 kcal/mole (0.23 eV) and a pre-exponent factor of 2.5×104 nm2/s. The reciprocity of irradiation intensity and exposure time with respect to the diffusion distance is confirmed. Specifically, the diffusivity is found to be directly proportional to the irradiation intensity.
Ovocalyxin-36 is an effector protein modulating the production of proinflammatory mediators (2014)

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome during infection. Therapeutic agents are essential to protect the host from sepsis. Ovocalyxin-36 (OCX-36) is a chicken eggshell membrane protein and shares protein sequence and gene organization homology with bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC) proteins that play a major role in innate immune protection. We recently reported that OCX-36 binds to both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) (Cordeiro et al., 2013, PLoS ONE 8, e84112), which is an important activity to neutralize endotoxins and non-endotoxin pyrogens during an inflammatory response. Here we investigated the immune modulating effects of OCX-36 and enzymatically digested OCX-36 (dOCX-36) in vitro and in a mouse model of endotoxemia. OCX-36 alone dose-dependently induced both TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and this immunostimulatory effect was reduced by enzymatic digestion. In the presence of LPS, dOCX-36 was more effective than intact OCX-36 at reducing LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α from RAW 264.7 cells, but did not reduce NO production. In contrast, OCX-36 increased LPS-induced NO production, both in the presence and absence of FBS, PCR array analysis confirmed that OCX-36 and dOCX-36 differentially regulated genes involved in innate immunity, and dOCX-36 down-regulated the expression of genes involved in LPS signaling and inflammatory responses. In vivo, dOCX-36 was more effective at reducing LPS-induced inflammatory symptoms and inhibiting the local production of pro-inflammatory mediators in the small intestine. These results suggest that OCX-36 and OCX-36 derived peptides may differentially modulate innate immune responses, and support our hypothesis that OCX-36 derived peptides have potential therapeutic applications in sepsis.
A bypass first policy for energy-efficient last level caches (2016)

The last level cache (LLC) is critical for mobile computer systems in terms of both energy consumption and performance because it takes a large portion of the chip area and misses often cause expensive stalls. Prior works have studied the importance of bypassing the LLC, and focused on improving LLC performance. However, they did not fully exploit the opportunity for reducing energy consumption because they all employ a Cache First Policy (CFP). In CFPs, blocks are initially cached to monitor their re-reference behavior to make bypass decisions. As a result, CFPs tend to populate the LLC with useless blocks, and consume extra energy for unnecessary writes. In this paper, we take the opposite approach and propose a Bypass First Policy (BFP), where cache blocks are bypassed by default and only inserted if they are expected to be reused. A BFP can save significant energy by reducing the number of never-rereferenced cache blocks written to the LLC. Evaluations show that BFP reduces energy consumption by 57.1% across SPEC CPU2006 and 21.7% across MediaBench benchmark suites on average. Furthermore, BFP achieves a geometric mean speedup of 18.3% for LLC-intensive benchmarks with less than 8kB of extra storage, which is better or comparable to state-of-the-art CFPs while consuming similar or less storage overhead.
Morganella (2015)

Abstract Mor.ga.nel';la. M.L. dim. ending ‐ ella; M.L. fem. n. Morganella named after H. de R. Morgan, who first studied the organism. Straight rods, 0.6–0.7 × 1.0–1.7 µm. Gram negative. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Facultatively anaerobic. Oxidative deamination of various amino acids including L ‐phenylalanine and L ‐tryptophan (Singer and Volcani, 1955). Urease positive. Indole positive (Penner, 1984). Relatively few carbohydrates fermented. Ornithine decarboxylase positive. Acid produced from D ‐mannose but not D ‐xylose. Gelatin not degraded . The genus Morganella presently resides in the class Gammaproteobacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae , based upon DNA hybridization data and not rDNA sequencing (Stackebrandt et al., 1988). 16S rDNA sequence data are presently unavailable. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 50 (Falkow et al., 1962). Type species : Morganella morganii (Winslow, Kliger and Rothberg 1919) Fulton 1943, 81 ( Bacillus morgani (sic) Winslow, Kliger and Rothberg 1919, 481; Proteus morganii (Winslow, Kliger and Rothberg 1919) Yale 1939b, 435.) Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Morganella is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Morganellaceae / Morganella The genus Morganella can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Morganella (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Pseudomonadota / c__Gammaproteobacteria / o__Enterobacterales / f__Enterobacteriaceae / g__Morganella * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
The Induction of TNP-Altered, Self-Reactive Human Cytotoxic T Cells by Soluble Factors: The Role of Ia Antigens (1979)

Abstract This report demonstrates that human peripheral blood T lymphocytes, triggered by allogeneic cells or soluble antigens, elaborate helper factor(s) that promotes the in vitro differentiation of TNP altered-self reactive human CTL. Helper factor(s) alone is not sufficient for the generation of these killer cells, but requires the presence of TNP-derivatized autologous stimulators during sensitization. Additional experiments were performed with antisera to a human Ia-like antigen, p23, 30. These studies indicate that human Ia-like antigens play an important role in both the induction of helper factor(s) and in the functional activity of preformed helper factor(s) molecules.
Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT Resemble Scaffold Attachment Factors and Function as Interacting Nuclear Receptor Coregulators (2021)

Protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1) functions as a nuclear receptor coregulator and is expressed in several cell types of human testis. However, the mechanism of PIAS1 coregulation is unknown. We report here that PIAS1 has characteristics of a scaffold attachment protein. PIAS1 localized in nuclei in a speckled pattern and bound A-T-rich double-stranded DNA, a function of scaffold attachment proteins in chromatin regions of active transcription. DNA binding was dependent on a 35-amino acid sequence conserved among members of the PIAS family and in scaffold attachment proteins. The PIAS family also bound the androgen receptor DNA binding domain, and binding required the second zinc finger of this domain. PIAS1 contained an intrinsic activation domain but had bi-directional effects on androgen receptor transactivation; lower expression levels inhibited and higher levels increased transactivation in CV1 cells. Other PIAS family members also had dose-dependent effects on transactivation, but they were in a direction opposite to those of PIAS1. When coexpressed with PIAS1, other PIAS family members counteracted PIAS1 coregulation of androgen receptor transactivation. The interaction of PIAS1 with other members of the PIAS family suggests a transcription coregulatory mechanism involving a multicomponent PIAS nuclear scaffold.
Development and verification of a snapshot dental intraoral three-dimensional scanner based on chromatic confocal imaging (2019)

We describe the development and verification of an optical, powder-free, intraoral scanner based on a chromatic confocal imaging system, which has been realized in a single-shot multifocal approach. The system is based on a combination of micro-optical and dispersion optical elements. The methodology of recording and analyzing the acquired data are discussed in detail. A proof of concept with the application in intraoral scanning is provided. According to the current findings, the measurement uncertainty, scan speed, and overall performance of the device can well compete with the state-of-the-art of commercially available intraoral scanners.
Optical frequency comb modulator for multichannel systems (2019)

We demonstrate a full-field modulator for encoding independent waveforms onto wavelength separated inputs without demultiplexing. The modulator uses phase-only modulation and dispersive filtering for temporal reshaping and has no theoretical losses. Simultaneous modulation of three wavelengths with independent random 1% roll-off data patterns is experimentally verified.
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Color Volume Histograms (2018)

Human visual perception has a close relationship with the HSV color space, which can be represented as a cylinder. The question of how visual features are extracted using such an attribute is important. In this paper, a new feature descriptor; namely, a color volume histogram, is proposed for image representation and content-based image retrieval. It converts a color image from RGB color space to HSV color space and then uniformly quantizes it into 72 bins of color cues and 32 bins of edge cues. Finally, color volumes are used to represent the image content. The proposed algorithm is extensively tested on two Corel datasets containing 15[Formula: see text]000 natural images. These image retrieval experiments show that the color volume histogram has the power to describe color, texture, shape and spatial features and performs significantly better than the local binary pattern histogram and multi-texton histogram approaches.
Is there occult tissue ischemia in chronic end-stage liver disease? (1999)

Whether pathological oxygen supply dependency exists in patients with chronic end-stage liver disease (CESLD) is unknown, although the frequently occurring multiorgan dysfunction seen in these patients may be the result of occult tissue ischemia. In this study, 15 adult patients with CESLD were evaluated for the presence of pathological oxygen supply dependency and, thus, occult tissue ischemia before undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Whole-body oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured using indirect calorimetry at baseline, at reduced oxygen delivery (DO2) using positive end-expiratory pressure, and at increased DO2 using volume infusion. As a group, no significant increase or decrease in VO2 was observed with changes in DO2. However, 4 patients showed increases in VO2 of 14%, 10.8%, 9.6%, and 8.2% when DO2 was increased. The study results suggest that pathological oxygen supply dependency is present in a subset of patients with CESLD, and the existence of occult tissue ischemia is speculated.
How to avoid non‐radiative escape of excitons from quantum dots? (2004)

Abstract We investigated the transition between two different exciton recombination regime in quantum dots depending on temperature. When temperature is raised above a threshold value that we determine experimentally non‐radiative recombination channels, characterized by their activation energy, dominate over radiative recombination. The analyses of time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy versus temperature shows that the maximum temperature for dominant radiative recombination scales linearly with the activation energy of the non‐radiative channels over a large range of values (10–60 meV) measured for various kind of II–VI‐based quantum dots: CdTe/ZnTe, CdTe/ZnMgTe, CdSe/ZnSe. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Energy Generation from Metropolitan and Urban Wastes in India (2021)

India is one of the 7th largest country in the world in terms of area available under its jurisdiction and second most populous country in world after China. This makes Asia as one of the most populous continent in world. The population estimation from grass root level for covering various aspects like sex ratio, population trends, status of human settlements, literacy rate and population density etc. are important to assess India's potential in terms of manpower and all related outcomes by virtue of housing huge human settlements. Census of India, 2011 is a ma or source to contribute and also for understanding the different parameters. India in last decade i.e. between 2001 and 2011 has seen population growth by 17.7%. Further, its annual growth rate is 1.11% (Census of India, 2011) which gives an idea of population statistics for each passing year. Hence, it can be said that it houses one of the fastest growing human settlements and therefore a potential hot-spot for various activities and modalities to be adopted for catering to huge population. India in various many public domains and discussions has been essentially projected as a rural nation, hot spot for growing economy and sprouting market but with significant urban infrastructure deficit. According to census of India, the country's official percentage of population increased from 28% in 2001 to 31% in 2011 (Census of India, 2011). The Census had also projected that in a decade more people have been added to urban population than the rural population and the future projections showed that by 2041 urban population will constitute more than half of the total population of country. Therefore, with such huge growth patterns of human inhabitance the problem that will be needed to be addressed more than anything is solid waste management. The generation of solid waste is an end product of human's day to day living on the planet and therefore it can't be stopped from producing but needs to be effectively managed else the planet will have no clean place to live but to reside on waste.
Short-term Memory Impairment after Isoflurane in Mice Is Prevented by the α5 γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Inverse Agonist L-655,708 (2010)

Memory deficits occurred long after the sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects of isoflurane subsided. L-655,708 prevented memory deficit, suggesting that an isoflurane interaction at α5GABAA receptors contributes to memory impairment during the early postanesthesia period.
A natural low-frequency oscillation of the flow over an airfoil near stalling conditions (1989)

An unusually low-frequency oscillation in the flow over an airfoil is studied experimentally as well as computationally. Wind-tunnel measurements are carried out with two-dimensional airfoil models in the chord Reynolds number ( R c ) range of 0.15 × 10 5 −3.0 × 10 5 . During deep stall, at α [gsim ] 18°, the usual ‘bluff-body shedding’ occurs at a Strouhal number, St s ≈ 0.2. But at the onset of static stall around α = 15°, a low-frequency periodic oscillation is observed, the corresponding St s being an order of magnitude lower. The phenomenon apparently takes place only with a transitional state of the separating boundary layer. Thus, on the one hand, it is not readily observed with a smooth airfoil in a clean wind tunnel, while on the other, it is easily removed by appropriate ‘acoustic tripping’. Details of the flow field for a typical case are compared with a case of bluff-body shedding. The flow field is different in many ways from the latter case and does not involve a Kármán Vortex street. The origin of the flow fluctuations traces to the upper surface of the airfoil and is associated with a periodic switching between stalled and unstalled states. The mechanism of the frequency selection remains unresolved, but any connection to blower instabilities, acoustic standing waves or structural resonances has been ruled out. A similar result has been encountered computationally using a two-dimensional Navier–Stokes code. While with the assumption of laminar flow, wake oscillation akin to the bluff-body shedding has been observed previously, the St s is found to drop to about 0.03 when a ‘turbulent’ boundary layer is assumed. Details of the flow field and unsteady forces, computed for the same conditions as in the experiment, compare reasonably well with the experimental data. The phenomenon produces intense flow fluctuations imparting much larger unsteady forces to the airfoil than that experienced in bluff-body shedding, and may represent the primary aerodynamics of stall flutter of blades and wings.
Verification of resolution on self-focusing effect of polarization-inverted transmitter by up-chirp signal for subaperture array (2018)

In this study, we experimentally proved the relationship between the number of subapertures and the self-focusing effect of a polarization-inverted transmitter by up-chirp signal driving. First, experiments on the focusing effect by aperture division were carried out using a prototype polarization-inverted transmitter. As a result, the beam width was improved by dividing the aperture. By increasing the number of aperture divisions, the beam width was reduced and the distance resolution was improved proportionally to the number of divisions. Finally, the beam width at the focal point was measured by changing the frequency component of the up-chirp signal driving the transmitter. Dependent on the focal point, the beam width did not change significantly. As a result, a focal point could be formed within the near field owing to the self-convergence phenomenon of the polarization-inverted transmitter and the convergence effect caused by aperture division.
Tiny-sync (2007)

Time synchronization is a fundamental middleware service for any distributed system. Wireless sensor networks make extensive use of synchronized time in many contexts (e.g., data fusion, TDMA schedules, synchronized sleep periods, etc.). We propose a time synchronization method relevant for wireless sensor networks. The solution features minimal complexity in network bandwidth, storage as well as processing, and can achieve good accuracy. Especially relevant for sensor networks, it also provides tight, deterministic bounds on offset and clock drift. A method for synchronizing the entire network is presented. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed theoretically and validated on a realistic testbed. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in terms of precision and resource requirements.
Role of spleen in immune response to polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine. (1983)

The immune response of lymphocytes to subcutaneously administered pneumococcal vaccine was studied in five patients without spleens and in five healthy subjects. Seven days after immunisation circulating B cells synthesising IgG antipneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (anti-PCP) appeared in both groups. Twenty one days after vaccination this B cell population had disappeared and a B cell subset which secreted IgM and IgG anti-PCP in the presence of pokeweed mitogen was detected in the normal but not in the splenectomised subjects. In the splenectomised group polyclonal IgM synthesis induced by pokeweed mitogen was defective. It was concluded that the early events of the immune response to PCP may be mediated by lymph nodes but that, later, the spleen acquires a central role in producing lymphocyte subsets capable of synthesising specific antibodies and that this might explain the increased sensitivity of splenectomised subjects to pneumococcal infection.
Bronchoscopic Transparenchymal Nodule Access: Feasibility and Safety in an Endoscopic Unit (2016)

This study demonstrates that bronchoscopic transparenchymal access of solitary pulmonary nodules is feasible outside an operation theatre.
Specializations of intercellular junctions are associated with the presence and absence of hair cell regeneration in ears from six vertebrate classes (2012)

Sensory hair cell losses lead to hearing and balance deficits that are permanent for mammals, but temporary for nonmammals because supporting cells in their ears give rise to replacement hair cells. In mice and humans, vestibular supporting cells grow exceptionally large circumferential F-actin belts and their junctions express E-cadherin in patterns that strongly correlate with postnatal declines in regeneration capacity. In contrast, chicken supporting cells retain thin F-actin belts throughout life and express little E-cadherin. To determine whether the junctions in chicken ears might be representative of other ears that also regenerate hair cells, we investigated inner ears from dogfish sharks, zebrafish, bullfrogs, Xenopus, turtles, and the lizard, Anolis. As in chickens, the supporting cells in adult zebrafish, Xenopus, and turtle ears retained thin circumferential F-actin belts and expressed little E-cadherin. Supporting cells in adult sharks and bullfrogs also retained thin belts, but were not tested for E-cadherin. Supporting cells in adult Anolis exhibited wide, but porous webs of F-actin and strong E-cadherin expression. Anolis supporting cells also showed some cell cycle reentry when cultured. The results reveal that the association between thin F-actin belts and low E-cadherin is shared by supporting cells in anamniotes, turtles, and birds, which all can regenerate hair cells. Divergent junctional specializations in supporting cells appear to have arisen independently in Anolis and mammals. The presence of webs of F-actin at the junctions in Anolis appears compatible with supporting cell proliferation, but the solid reinforcement of the F-actin belts in mammals is associated with its absence.
Adaptive cancellation of multiple interfering sinusoids (2003)

The adaptive sinusoidal interference canceller (ASIC), which gives an estimation of the unknown phase and amplitude, is a least-mean-square (LMS) method for eliminating a sine wave of known frequency from an observed signal. In this paper, the ASIC is generalized to cancel multiple interfering sinusoids with frequencies which are not exactly known. Convergence behavior and mean square errors of the estimates are derived and verified by computer simulations. It is also shown that the ASIC can provide significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement. When the inteference frequencies are exactly known, it is proved that the ASIC estimation of phases and amplitudes can attain the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB).
Secret Forwarding of Events over Distributed Publish/Subscribe Overlay Network (2016)

Publish/subscribe is a communication paradigm where loosely-coupled clients communicate in an asynchronous fashion. Publish/subscribe supports the flexible development of large-scale, event-driven and ubiquitous systems. Publish/subscribe is prevalent in a number of application domains such as social networking, distributed business processes and real-time mission-critical systems. Many publish/subscribe applications are sensitive to message loss and violation of privacy. To overcome such issues, we propose a novel method of using secret sharing and replication techniques. This is to reliably and confidentially deliver decryption keys along with encrypted publications even under the presence of several Byzantine brokers across publish/subscribe overlay networks. We also propose a framework for dynamically and strategically allocating broker replicas based on flexibly definable criteria for reliability and performance. Moreover, a thorough evaluation is done through a case study on social networks using the real trace of interactions among Facebook users.