gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Informing and Evaluating Educational Applications With the Kirkpatrick Model in Virtual Environments: Using a Virtual Human Scenario to Measure Communication Skills Behavior Change (2022)

Increasingly, virtual environments are being used in educational and training applications. As with other types of applications that use virtual environments, these scenarios must be evaluated in terms of user experience. However, they also should be evaluated on the efficacy of the training or learning provided, so as to ensure learning transfer. Frameworks, such as the Kirkpatrick Model, exist to evaluate training scenarios, but application of these frameworks has not been fully utilized in development of virtual environment-based education and training. To address this gap and to also share our process with other virtual environment developers, we discuss our experience applying the Kirkpatrick Model to an existing virtual human (VH) application for medical communication skills training. The Kirkpatrick Model provides different levels of evaluation for training programs that include learners’ reactions to the training, the knowledge acquired from the training, behaviors indicating the training was applied, and the degree high-level results were impacted as a result of the training. While we discuss all of the Model’s levels, our focus for this work is Level 3 Behavior. The Kirkpatrick Model currently recommends that behavioral change may only be measured while a trainee is working in a real-world context. However, given existing evidence that VH applications have been shown to elicit real-world behaviors from participants, we suggest that VH training scenarios may be a method of measuring Behavior level metrics before trainees are evaluated in situ . Initial support for this suggestion is provided by our study examining whether VHs can elicit changes in communication skills learners’ message production behavior over time. This study indicates that learners displayed changes in several metrics over the course of the semester. Based on this finding, we suggest a direction for future research: observing learner behavior in a virtual environment as a pre-cursor to behavioral measures while in a real-world scenario.
Advanced LiFi technology: Laser light (2020)

We demonstrate high-speed LiFi data communication of over 20 Gbit/s using visible light from a laser-based white light emitting surface mount device (SMD) product platform that offers 10-100X the brightness of conventional LED sources. Equipped with high power blue laser diodes that offer over 3.5 GHz of 3 dB bandwidth, the laser-based white light SMD modules exhibited a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) above 15 dB up to 1 GHz. The high SNR was combined with high order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to maximize the bandwidth efficiency. In this work, we present a laser based white light SMD module configured with a single 3W blue laser diode mounted on heat-sink, optically coupled to a collimating optic, achieving a LiFi data rate of up to 10 Gbit/s. Moreover, we demonstrate wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), from a white light SMD module configured with two blue laser diodes separated in peak wavelength to serve as separate communication channels. Using WDM, the dual laser SMD module enabled LiFi data rates of over 20 Gbit/s by simultaneously transmitting data over both channels.
Compressive sensing‐based approach to the design of linear robust sparse antenna arrays with physical size constraint (2014)

In sparse arrays, the randomness of antenna locations avoids the introduction of grating lobes, while allowing adjacent antenna spacings to be greater than half a wavelength. This means a larger array size can be implemented using a relatively small number of antennas. However, careful consideration has to be given to antenna locations to ensure that an acceptable performance level is achieved. Model perturbations can also cause steering vector errors, which in turn cause discrepancies in the array's response, making robust arrays desirable. This study presents various compressive sensing‐based methods that can solve this problem, while also imposing the antenna size as a constraint on the minimum adjacent antenna separations. Narrowband and multiband design examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design methods, with comparisons being drawn with a previously proposed genetic algorithm‐based approach.
Short-term Total Hip Replacement Outcomes in Ankylosing Spondylitis (2014)

Although patients with AS in a contemporary cohort have more comorbidities and worse physical function prior to THR, they achieve similar gains as OA. In a multivariate regression controlling for multiple potential confounders including back pain, only preoperative health status measured as SF-12 PCS score was a significant risk factor for a poor 2-year pain. Among contemporary patients, AS is not an independent risk factor for poor THR outcomes.Take-Home Message Patients with AS have significant improvement in pain and function after THR.Poor preoperative function and low-back pain are not risk factors for poor THR outcomes for patients with AS.Despite improvements, low SF-12 PCS scores indicate persistent limitations due to health.
Aggregation Reduces Subcellular Localization and Cytotoxicity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2022)

The non-covalent biomolecular functionalization of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has resulted in numerous <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> sensing and imaging applications due to many desirable optical properties. In these applications, it is generally presumed that pristine, singly dispersed SWCNTs interact with and enter live cells at the so-called nano-biointerface, for example, the cell membrane. Despite numerous fundamental studies published on this presumption, it is known that nanomaterials have the propensity to aggregate in protein-containing environments before ever contacting the nano-biointerface. Here, using DNA-functionalized SWCNTs with defined degrees of aggregation as well as near-infrared hyperspectral microscopy and toxicological assays, we show that despite equal rates of internalization, initially aggregated SWCNTs do not further accumulate within individual subcellular locations. In addition to subcellular accumulations, SWCNTs initially with a low degree of aggregation can induce significant deleterious effects in various long-term cytotoxicity and real-time proliferation assays, which are markedly different when compared to those of SWCNTs that are initially aggregated. These findings suggest the importance of the aggregation state as a critical component related to intracellular processing and toxicological response of engineered nanomaterials.
Qualitative evaluation of quantitative dance motion data (2009)

In the field of dance motion analysis, the development of qualitative evaluation technique for the analysis of body motions described in the form of quantitative data is needed [Nakamura et al. 2008]; it makes dance motion data acquired by motion capture systems intuitively interpretable. In this study, the authors propose a method to automatically summarize the qualitative trend in a group of quantitative dance motion data; the motion features shown in all the dances are first quantitatively extracted by statistical analysis and then qualitatively categorized by cluster analysis.
Substituted N-Phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides: Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Evaluation (2009)

The condensation of chlorides of substituted pyrazinecarboxylic acids with ringsubstituted anilines yielded twelve substituted pyrazinecarboxylic acid amides. The synthetic approach, analytical, and lipophilicity data of the newly synthesized compounds are presented. Two antituberculosis assays were used. Firstly, the antimycobacterial activity against four different Mycobacterium strains in a series of pyrazine derivatives was investigated. Secondly, the antimycobacterial evaluation was performed at the Tuberculosis Antimicrobial Acquisition and Coordinating Facility (TAACF) program. Interesting in vitro antimycobacterial activity was found, N-(3-iodo-4-methylphenyl) pyrazine-2-carboxamide (9) was most active derivative compound against M. tuberculosis (MIC < 2.0 micromol/L), while another iodo derivative 5-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N-(3-iodo-4-methyl-phenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (12) was the most active compound in the TAACF antituberculosis screening program (IC(90) = 0.819 microg/mL).
Immunochemical Properties of Mannan‐Protein Complex Isolated from Viable Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4484‐24D‐1 Mutant Strain by the Action of Zymolyase (1984)

Viable cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4484-24D-1 mutant strain were treated with an Arthrobacter sp. beta-1,3-glucanase, Zymolyase-60,000, in the presence of a serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Fractionation of the solubilized materials with Cetavlon (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) yielded a purified mannan-protein complex, which had a molecular weight of ca. 150,000, approximately three times higher than that of the mannan isolated from the same cells by the hot-water extraction method at 135 C. The amino acid composition of the mannan-protein complex was found to be very similar to that of the mannan-protein complexes of S. cerevisiae X2180-1A wild and S. cerevisiae X2180-1A-5 mutant strains, indicating the presence of large amounts of serine and threonine. It was unexpected that the antibody-precipitating activity of this complex against the homologous anti-whole cell serum was about twice as great as that of the mannan isolated by hot-water extraction. Treatment of this complex with 100 mM NaOH, hot water at 135 C, and pronase, respectively, gave degradation products having the same molecular weight and antibody-precipitating activity as those of the hot-water extracted mannan, allowing the assumption that the protein moiety participated in a large part of this activity.
Isolation of arboviruses in Kenya, 1966–1971 (1974)

The isolation in Kenya of arboviruses from mosquitoes and patients is reported. Middelburg and Semliki Forest virus (group A), Banzi virus (group B), Bunyamwera and Beliefe virus (Bunyamwera group), Sango virus (Simbu group), Pongola virus (Bwamba group), Tahyna virus (California group), ungrouped AR 1169/64 and a number of viruses still to be identified were isolated from mosquitoes. Of the latter some may be hitherto undescribed viruses. Bunyamwera, Rift Valley Fever and 2 unidentified viruses were isolated from patients. The isolates are discussed against the background of information from isolations and serology performed elsewhere. Attempts are made to define their rôle in human disease. Some superficial suggestions about the ecology are made.
Variable-Pole Induction Machine Drive for Electric Vehicles (2019)

High power density, high efficiency, and inexpensive drivetrains operating over wide speed and torque ranges are critical for electric vehicles (EVs). The induction machine (IM) offers a cost-effective and reliable alternative to permanent magnet-based solutions. A fixed pole IM's high torque requirement at low speed sacrifices its performance at partial loads and high speeds. A variable-pole IM has an additional degree of freedom which is the pole count. This paper uses a variable pole count to improve IM performance over a wide torque and speed range. An approach to select the best pole configuration for a given operation strategy is presented. For illustration, a maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy is used on a 36-slot toroidally wound IM. Variable-pole operation increases the torque capability of the machine and enlarges its high efficiency region to a wide speed range. The analytical results provide guidelines for designing and operating a variable-pole machine tailored for this application.
Active Learning and Crowdsourcing: A Survey of Optimization Methods for Data Labeling (2018)

High-quality annotated collections are a key element in constructing systems that use machine learning. In most cases, these collections are created through manual labeling, which is expensive and tedious for annotators. To optimize data labeling, a number of methods using active learning and crowdsourcing were proposed. This paper provides a survey of currently available approaches, discusses their combined use, and describes existing software systems designed to facilitate the data labeling process.
Effect of the Precipitated Phases on Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Y-Nd Ternary Alloy (2017)

Mg-5Y-xNd alloys (x=0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt.%) were investigated to reveal the influence of precipitated phase on corrosion resistance. The microstructure, precipitated phases and corrosion behaviors of different samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-Ray Diffraction. The volume fraction of the Mg12(Y,Nd) phase increased, whereas that of the Mg3(Y,Nd) phase decreased with increasing Nd-content. The weight loss rate decreased from 10.9584 mg·cm-2·d-1 (23.0126 mm·y-1) to 6.2184 mg·cm-2·d-1 (13.0586 mm·y-1). The open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscope and scanning kelvin probe confirmed that the corrosion rates of Mg-5Y-xNd alloys follow the order Mg-5Y-0.5Nd > Mg-5Y-1.0Nd > Mg-5Y-1.5Nd. This phenomenon occurred because the Mg3(Y,Nd) precipitated phase with a face-centered cubic lattice had a more positive potential than the Mg12(Y,Nd) phase with an orthorhombic lattice. Thus, the Mg3(Y,Nd) precipitated phase acted as the cathode of the electrochemical reaction, and accelerated the corrosion of the Mg matrix more effectively than the Mg12(Y,Nd) phase.
Single immunization with an inactivated vaccine protects sheep from Schmallenberg virus infection (2014)

The arthropod-borne Schmallenberg virus (SBV), family Orthobunyaviridae, emerged in Europe in 2011. SBV is associated with a mild disease in adult ruminants but fetal malformation after an infection during a critical phase of pregnancy. A number of inactivated vaccines have been developed; their efficacy after two injections was demonstrated. To make the vaccination of sheep more efficient and economic the effect of a single immunization with one of these vaccines was investigated in the present study. Five vaccinated sheep and five additional control sheep were inoculated with SBV three weeks after vaccination and the results of a competitive ELISA, a standard microneutralization test and an SBV-specific real-time RT-PCR confirmed vaccine efficacy by demonstrating complete inhibition of viral replication in immunized animals.
T Regulatory Cells and Immune Activation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and the Effect of Preventive Therapy (2010)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) often causes persistent infection and many immune cell subsets and regulatory mechanisms may operate throughout the various stages of infection. We have studied dendritic cell (DC) subsets, regulatory T cells (Treg) and the expression of activation and apoptosis markers on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in blood from patients with active TB (n=20), subjects with positive QuantiFERON-TB GOLD (QFT) test (LTBI, latent TB infection) (n=20) before and after 3 months of preventive anti-tuberculous therapy and from QFT-negative controls (n=28). The frequency of CD4+ CD25+ CD127⁻ Treg was highest in the group with active TB (P=0.001), but also increased in the LTBI group (P=0.006) compared to controls. The highest level of activated T cells, defined as CD38+ HLA-DR+ cells, was found in the active TB group, for the CD4+ T cell subset positively correlated to the level of CD25+ CD127⁻ Treg (P<0.001, r=0.4268). After 3 months of preventive therapy, there was an increase in the fraction of foxp3+ Treg, but no differences in markers of activation or apoptosis. In conclusion, there seems to be an increased level of immune activation and Treg in both latent and active TB infection that is only modestly influenced by preventive therapy.
Auditory and visual impairments in patients with blast-related traumatic brain injury: Effect of dual sensory impairment on Functional Independence Measure (2009)

The frequencies of hearing impairment (HI), vision impairment (VI), or dual (hearing and vision) sensory impairment (DSI) in patients with blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their effects on functional recovery are not well documented. In this preliminary study of 175 patients admitted to a Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center, we completed hearing and vision examinations and obtained Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores at admission and discharge for 62 patients with blast-related TBI. We diagnosed HI only, VI only, and DSI in 19%, 34%, and 32% of patients, respectively. Only 15% of the patients had no sensory impairment in either auditory or visual modality. An analysis of variance showed a group difference for the total and motor FIM scores at discharge (p < 0.04). Regression model analyses demonstrated that DSI significantly contributed to reduced gain in total ( t = -2.25) and motor ( t = -2.50) FIM scores ( p < 0.05). Understanding the long-term consequences of sensory impairments in the functional recovery of patients with blast-related TBI requires further research.
Detection of volatile organic compounds indicative of human presence in the air (2015)

J. Sep. Sci. 2015, 38, 2463-2469. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500261 This cover picture illustrates the release of isoprene by individual human beings in the air. Volatile organic compounds were collected and analyzed from a variety of indoor and outdoor air samples to test whether human-derived compounds can be readily detected in the air and if they can be associated with human occupancy or presence. Isoprene, a major volatile organic compound in exhaled breath, was shown to be the best indicator of human presence. In addition, numerous compounds that are found in foods and consumer products were detected at elevated levels in the occupied areas. Our results revealed that isoprene and many exogenous volatile organic compounds consumed by humans are emitted at levels sufficient for detection in the air, suggesting that monitoring these compounds could be used for detecting human presence.
Fast and Accurate Registration of Structured Point Clouds with Small Overlaps (2016)

To perform registration of structured point clouds with large rotation and small overlaps, this paper presents an algorithm based on the direction angles and the projection information of dense points. This algorithm fully employs the geometric information of structured environment. It consists of two parts: rotation estimation and translation estimation. For rotation estimation, a direction angle is defined for a point cloud and then the rotation matrix is obtained by comparing the difference between the distributions of angles. For translation estimation, the point clouds are projected onto three orthogonal planes and then a correlation operation is performed on the projection images to calculate the translation vector. Experiments have been conducted on several datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.
The synthesis and properties of poly[N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)acrylamide oxime] (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe synthesis and properties of poly[N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)acrylamide oxime]Lloyd D. Taylor, Henry S. Kolesinski, Donald O. Rickter, J. Michael Grasshoff, and J. R. DeMemberCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 10, 1561–1563Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00244a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00244a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An implementation for the simulation of cells on micro-post arrays (2016)

The mechanical interaction between cells and their underlying substrates is important in understanding the processes that take place at an interface between biological tissue and the surface of implants. There have been numerous studies that examine these interactions both by experimental and numerical modeling. The bio-chemo-mechanical model for cell contractility by Deshpande et al. [1] has numerous applications and advantages. This work shows a way to implement this model in COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS® so it can be easily modified or extended. This will allow us in a next step to couple the differential system with additional external stimuli.
The Conditions of Generation for the Au–Ag Epithermal Mineralization in the Amguema–Kanchalan Volcanic Field, Eastern Chukotka (2019)

This paper discusses the conditions of generation for the Au–Ag epithermal mineralization in the Amguema–Kanchalan Volcanic Field (AKVF), which is situated at the western termination of the East Chukchi flank zone of the Okhotsk–Chukchi Volcanogenic Belt (OChVB). The AKVF contains the potentially large Valunistoe Au‒Ag deposit and several promising deposits and ore occurrences (Zhilnoe, Shakh, Gornoe, Ognennoe, and Osennee). Thermal and cryometric studies of fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite in epithermal veins showed that the solutions were dominated by Na and K chlorides. The epithermal mineralization was deposited by heterogeneous hydrothermal fluids with low salt concentrations (0.2–3.6 wt % equ. NaCl, under moderate temperatures 174–354°С). The fluid pressure reached values of 30–160 bars, which is proper to depths of generation of 0.1–0.6 km under hydrostatic conditions. These results classify the epithermal mineralization studied here as a low sulfide one. Meteoric waters and magma chambers of andesitic magmas are the most likely sources of ore-forming fluids. The information furnished in this paper is of practical value for regional metallogenic predictions, as well as the search for and assessment of epithermal Au–Ag deposits.
Adaptive MIMO techniques for the UTRA-TDD mode (2002)

In this paper, MIMO techniques for suppression of ISI and MAI in frequency-selective fading channels are evaluated analytically and by means of link level computer simulation in a UTRA-TDD like system. Equalization of the spatio-temporal channel matrix is either performed at the transmitter via joint predistortion (JP), at the receiver via zero-forcing block linear equalization (ZF-BLE) combined with symbol cancellation (ZF-B-BLAST), or balanced at both sites of the channel via space-time vector coding (STVC). The computational complexity of all presented approaches is reduced by the introduction of blocked block-circulant system matrices.