gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accelerating the development of new solar absorbers by photoemission characterization coupled with density functional theory (2021)

Abstract The expectation to progress towards Terawatts production by solar technologies requires continuous development of new materials to improve efficiency and lower the cost of devices beyond what is currently available at industrial level. At the same time, the turnaround time to make the investment worthwhile is progressively shrinking. Whereas traditional absorbers have developed in a timeframe spanning decades, there is an expectation that emerging materials will be converted into industrially relevant reality in a much shorter timeframe. Thus, it becomes necessary to develop new approaches and techniques that could accelerate decision-making steps on whether further research on a material is worth pursuing or not. In this review, we will provide an overview of the photoemission characterization methods and theoretical approaches that have been developed in the past decades to accelerate the transfer of emerging solar absorbers into efficient devices.
Closed-loop digital pre-distortion with memory effects using genetic algorithms (2005)

This paper continues our investigation of genetic pre-distortion algorithms to linearize power amplifiers (PA) with strong memory effects. In previous work, we reported simulation results of an adaptive algorithm that requires only a measure of out-of-band emission to sequentially adapt polynomial functions. Compared to traditional algorithms that require wideband feedback, the proposed algorithm is implemented using only narrowband feedback, affording a large savings in analog to digital converters and high dynamic range downconverter components. The paper describes the hardware implementation of this algorithm on a typical basestation configuration. Hardware results indicate substantial reduction in adjacent channel interference when operating on RF power amplifiers with strong memory effects. The fast convergence rate suggests that this technique can be employed as a low-cost solution to meet regulatory requirements.
Waste treatment and optimal degree of pollution abatement (1998)

Abstract Environmental impacts of industrial production processes are usually estimated by considering the emissions leaving the process. These emissions are often reduced using abatement processes, such as wastewater treatment technologies, in the belief that reducing emissions will reduce the environmental impact. Typical legislation focuses on reducing discharge levels, without considering the impact on the environment of the additional inputs required by the abatement process to achieve this reduction. This leads to the possibility that some waste streams may be over treated. In other words, industry might be devoting increased resources to reducing discharges and at the same time be worsening the environment. This paper presents a framework for the analysis of wastewater treatment technologies from an economic and environmental point of view. The work examines trade‐offs in abatement processes between higher inputs (energy consumption and raw material) and lower discharge quantities (pollutant flow). As a result, an optimal degree of pollution abatement (ODPA), at which environmental impact is minimized, is identified. This value could act as a guideline to legislators who are setting discharge limits and to chemical engineers with waste discharge responsibilities. Case studies on two different abatement technologies, steam stripping and pervaporation, are presented to illustrate this framework.
UNC-51/ATG1 kinase regulates axonal transport by mediating motor–cargo assembly (2008)

Axonal transport mediated by microtubule-dependent motors is vital for neuronal function and viability. Selective sets of cargoes, including macromolecules and organelles, are transported long range along axons to specific destinations. Despite intensive studies focusing on the motor machinery, the regulatory mechanisms that control motor-cargo assembly are not well understood. Here we show that UNC-51/ATG1 kinase regulates the interaction between synaptic vesicles and motor complexes during transport in Drosophila. UNC-51 binds UNC-76, a kinesin heavy chain (KHC) adaptor protein. Loss of unc-51 or unc-76 leads to severe axonal transport defects in which synaptic vesicles are segregated from the motor complexes and accumulate along axons. Genetic studies show that unc-51 and unc-76 functionally interact in vivo to regulate axonal transport. UNC-51 phosphorylates UNC-76 on Ser(143), and the phosphorylated UNC-76 binds Synaptotagmin-1, a synaptic vesicle protein, suggesting that motor-cargo interactions are regulated in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. In addition, defective axonal transport in unc-76 mutants is rescued by a phospho-mimetic UNC-76, but not a phospho-defective UNC-76, demonstrating the essential role of UNC-76 Ser(143) phosphorylation in axonal transport. Thus, our data provide insight into axonal transport regulation that depends on the phosphorylation of adaptor proteins.
Electrical and magnetic properties of two crystallographic forms of (DEPE)2+(TCNQ) (1977)

Abstract 1,2‐di(N‐ethyl‐4‐pyridinium)ethylene 2+ (7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane) crystallises in two forms: a metallic form (DEPE) 2+ (TCNQ) I and a semiconducting form (DEPE) 2t (TCNQ) II. On cooling from room temperature to 30 mK the electrical conductivity of I increases monotonic‐ally such that σ30mk/σRT=3.7. The thermoelectric power, in the temperature range studied, and the paramagnetic susceptibility of I, in the range of 60 to 300 K, are nearly independent of temperature, indicative of metallic behaviour. The magnetic susceptibility of II, however, exhibits singlet‐triplet behaviour with a singlet‐triplet separation of 0.029 eV. The electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power are similarly activated. The electrical and magnetic properties of both forms are discussed.
Abstract 1469: Functional roles of SCAL1 expression in lung cancer and progression (2014)

Abstract Our group has identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), SCAL1 (smoke and cancer-associated lncRNA 1), whose expression is associated with smoking and related to cancer malignancy (Thai et al., 2013, AJRCMB). Currently, we have found that SCAL1 expression is necessary in lung epithelial cells during injury in order to initiate repair after exposure to smoke. In lung cancer cells, SCAL1 expression is needed for cancer cells to combat DNA double stranded breaks associated with chemotherapy treatment, especially cisplatin, doxyrubcin, and possibly other DNA damaging reagents. Most interestingly, the induction of SCAL1 expression is regulated by NRF-2. While NRF2 may protect normal cells from injury, it becomes persistently activated in some cancers and may enhance their malignant characteristics. Therefore, SCAL1 expression is an early marker for lung cellular injury and may be involved in lung cancer progression. We believe that smoke-induced SCAL1 expression leads to epithelial repair and enhances cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Our hypothesis is that SCAL1 expression in lung cancer is associated with increased malignant potential and is a poor prognostic marker. Citation Format: Sarah Statt, Philip Thai, Ching-Hsien Chen, Ya-Wen Cheng, Steven Belinsky, Reen Wu. Functional roles of SCAL1 expression in lung cancer and progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1469. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1469
High Density IO Fan-out Design Optimization with Signal Integrity (2019)

With the development of the Internet and the rise of artificial intelligence industry, high - performance semiconductor integrated circuits have become a popular product in the semiconductor industry. The 2.5D IC package with ultra-high density I/O is the first structure to be used in high performance computing (HPC) such as GPUs. The silicon interposer applied to GPU or HPC has an ASIC chip and multiple HBM chips. However, the productivity of silicon interposer is always a problem for the realization of ultra - high density I/O products. For considering productivity and performance, TSV-less structure such as FOCoS (fan-out chip on the substrate) was proposed by a few years ago [1]-[5]. There are different processes and applications for Chip First FOCoS and Chip Last FOCoS. In this paper, a real situation with ASIC chip and 2 HBM chips is designed using the 2.5D IC and Chip Last FOCoS structure. In this reality, the interposer and the Fan-Out RDL design are used to accelerate ultra-high density I/O routing by using the SiP-id design platform. Electrical performance including signal integrity (SI) and power integrity (PI) was compared between 2.5D ICs and Chip Last FOCoS. From simulation results, this paper shows transient power supply noise between the two structures and shows the electrical properties of HBM2 and 28Gbps SerDes I/O.
INTEGRATION OF FACTS INTO ENERGYSTORAGE SYSTEMS FOR FUTURE POWERSYSTEMS APPLICATIONS (2013)

The production of electric energy is basic pillar for normal functioning of every modern society. The consumers demand for electric power varies cyclically during day and night, as well as within the week and the seasons. Potential performance benefits produced by advanced energy storage applications are improved system reliability, transient and dynamic stability, enhanced power quality, transmission capacity enhancement and area protection, reliability of the supply, etc... Some of the major disadvantages in electric power supply system have been flickering and deviations in power supply which make some of the electronic equipments and domestic devices highly sensitive to it. To avoid such problems we need to find out devices that can provide a backup during the time of voltage sags and such deviations. The paper concentrates on performance benefits of adding energy storage to power electronic compensators for utility applications. The paper concerns on analysis of various energy storage devices. This paper gives the solution for above disadvantages by using energy storage systems with FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices.
A new design methodology for optimal interpolative neural networks with application to the localization and classification of acoustic transients (2002)

An evolutionary design methodology for neural networks based on the theory of optimal interpolation, (OI) is presented. A limited application of the OI net to the problems of localization and classification of acoustic transients is discussed. The modified recursive least squares (RLS) learning algorithm presented provides an avenue for the acquisition of an appropriate neural network configuration to solve a given pattern classification problem. The authors show that both OI and the back-propagation (BP) of comparable configurations perform satisfactorily in the simulations. The RLS OI method is preferred, however, because BP would occasionally run into some local minima and convergence could be very slow for the more complex decision boundaries between classes. The authors demonstrate that the OI net is particularly suited for application to the localization and classification of acoustic transients.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates, single cells, and metagenomes (2015)

Large-scale recovery of genomes from isolates, single cells, and metagenomic data has been made possible by advances in computational methods and substantial reductions in sequencing costs. While this increasing breadth of draft genomes is providing key information regarding the evolutionary and functional diversity of microbial life, it has become impractical to finish all available reference genomes. Making robust biological inferences from draft genomes requires accurate estimates of their completeness and contamination. Current methods for assessing genome quality are ad hoc and generally make use of a limited number of ‘marker’ genes conserved across all bacterial or archaeal genomes. Here we introduce CheckM, an automated method for assessing the quality of a genome using a broader set of marker genes specific to the position of a genome within a reference genome tree and information about the collocation of these genes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of CheckM using synthetic data and a wide range of isolate, single cell and metagenome derived genomes. CheckM is shown to provide accurate estimates of genome completeness and contamination, and to outperform existing approaches. Using CheckM, we identify a diverse range of errors currently impacting publicly available isolate genomes and demonstrate that genomes obtained from single cells and metagenomic data vary substantially in quality. In order to facilitate the use of draft genomes, we propose an objective measure of genome quality that can be used to select genomes suitable for specific gene- and genome-centric analyses of microbial communities.
Lanthanide Cerium(III) Tris(pyrazolyl)borate Complexes: Efficient Blue Emitters for Doublet Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2021)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have had commercial success in displays and lighting. Compared to red and green OLEDs, blue OLEDs are still the bottleneck because the high-energy and long-lived triplet exciton in traditional blue OLEDs causes the short operational lifetime of the device. As a new type emitter, lanthanide complexes with a 5d–4f transition could have short excited-state lifetimes on the order of nanoseconds. To achieve a high-efficiency 5d–4f transition, we systematically tuned the steric and electronic effects of tripodal tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands and drew a full picture of their Ce(III) complexes. Intriguingly, all of these complexes show bright blue emission with high photoluminescence quantum yields exceeding 95% and short decay lifetimes of 35–73 ns both in the solid powder and in dichloromethane solutions. Using the Ce(III) complex emitter, we show a blue OLED with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 14.1% and a maximum luminance of 33,160 cd m–2, and the specific electroluminescence mechanism of direct exciton formation on the Ce(III) ion with a near-unity exciton utilization efficiency is also confirmed. The discovered photoluminescence and electroluminescence property–structure relationships may shed new light on the rational design of highly efficient lanthanide-based blue emitters and their optoelectronic devices such as OLEDs.
WIP-Mediated Mechanisms of Recruitment, Activation and Degradation of WASP in T Cells. (2004)

Abstract WASP, the product of the gene mutated in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), plays a critical role in T cell activation and actin reorganization. WIP is a WASP-interacting protein that binds to EVH1 domain of WASP, and negatively regulates WASP functions. WASP-mediated actin polymerization and cytoskeletal remodeling are critical for immunological synapse (IS) formation between T cells and antigen presenting cells. To clarify the functions of WIP in T cells, we investigated WIP-mediated mechanisms of recruitment, activation and degradation of WASP following T cell receptor (TCR) ligation and IS formation. WASP translocates to lipid rafts following TCR ligation and localizes at the IS between T cells and B cells presenting superantigen. WASP recruitment is regulated by several TCR signaling pathways mediated by ZAP70-CrkL-WIP and ZAP70-SLP76-Nck complexes. After the recruitment of WASP, WIP is serine-phosphorylated by PKCtheta localized at the IS, and phosphorylated WIP dissociates from WASP, releasing WASP from WIP inhibition. A fraction of WASP is fragmented by Ca-dependent protease calpain and ubiquitinated by Cbl-b, then degraded by the proteasome following TCR ligation. Inhibition of PKCtheta-mediated dissociation of the WASP-WIP complex inhibits WASP degradation. Inhibition of proteasomal degradation results in the accumulation of WASP fragments and enhanced TCR-induced actin polymerization in normal T cells. We demonstrate that WASP protein, but not mRNA, levels are severely diminished in T cells from WIP-deficient mice, but are restored by calpain and proteasome inhibitors. These inhibitors restore WASP protein levels and correct the defect in actin polymerization in response to TCR ligation in T cells from a WAS patient with a missense mutation that disrupts WIP binding. The similarity of the functional defects in WASP- and WIP-deficient mice and the observation that most missense mutations in WAS patients are in the WIP binding EVH1 domain of WASP suggest that WIP may function as a chaperone that controls WASP levels in T cells. These results suggest that WIP is involved in the recruitment and activation of WASP and that degradation of WASP freed from WIP may down-regulate actin polymerization following TCR ligation. More importantly, WIP regulates WASP protein stability in T cells from WAS patients with WASP missense mutations in WIP-binding site and impaired WASP-WIP interaction.
Linear and Nonlinear Microwave Tomography Approaches for Subsurface Prospecting: Validation on Real Data (2006)

In this letter, the capabilities of two tomographic approaches for subsurface prospecting have been tested against laboratory-controlled data. The first approach is a noniterative method based on the Born approximation, while the second one is a nonlinear iterative approach. Despite some simplifications adopted in modeling the scenario, both approaches have provided satisfying results.
Data from <i>Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3</i> Mutation Analysis on Voided Urine for Surveillance of Patients with Low-Grade Non-Muscle–Invasive Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Mutations in the &lt;i&gt;fibroblast growth factor receptor 3&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;) have been found in 70% of the low-grade non-muscle–invasive bladder cancer (NMI-BC) tumors. We aim to determine the potential of &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt; mutation analysis on voided urine to detect recurrences during surveillance of patients with low-grade NMI-BC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt; mutation status of the study inclusion tumor was determined from 200 low-grade NMI-BC patients. Patients with an &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;-mutant inclusion tumor were selected for analysis and monitored by cystoscopy, and voided urine samples were collected. &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt; mutation analysis was done on 463 prospectively collected urines. Sensitivity and predictive value of the assay were determined for detection of concomitant recurrences. Longitudinal and Cox time-to-event analyses were done to determine the predictive value for detection of future recurrences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Median follow-up was 3.5 years. The sensitivity of the assay for detection of concomitant recurrences was 26 of 45 (58%). Of the 105 positive urine samples, 85 (81%) were associated with a concomitant or a future recurrence. An &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;-positive urine was associated with a 3.8-fold (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) higher risk of having a recurrence in the Cox analysis. In contrast, only 41 of 358 (11%) &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;-negative urine samples were associated with a recurrence. Positive predictive value increased from 25% to 90% in patients having consecutive &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;-positive urine tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt; mutation analysis on voided urine is a simple and noninvasive diagnostic method for detection of recurrences during surveillance of patients presenting with a low-grade &lt;i&gt;FGFR3&lt;/i&gt;-mutant NMI-BC tumor. Clin Cancer Res; 16(11); 3011–8. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Detection and Classification of ADHD from EEG Signals Using Tunable Q-Factor Wavelet Transform (2022)

The automatic identification of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is essential for developing ADHD diagnosis tools that assist healthcare professionals. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in ADHD detection from EEG signals because it seemed to be a rapid method for identifying and treating this disorder. This paper proposes a technique for detecting ADHD from EEG signals with the nonlinear features extracted using tunable Q-wavelet transform (TQWT). The 16 channels of EEG signal data are decomposed into the optimal amount of time-frequency sub-bands using the TQWT filter banks. The unique feature vectors are evaluated using Katz and Higuchi nonlinear fractal dimension methods at each decomposed levels. An Artificial Neural Network classifier with a 10-fold cross-validation method is found to be an effective classifier for discriminating ADHD and normal subjects. Different performance metrics reveal that the proposed technique could effectively classify the ADHD and normal subjects with the highest accuracy. The statistical analysis showed that the Katz and Higuchi nonlinear feature estimation methods provide potential features that can be classified with high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and is suitable for automatic detection of ADHD. The proposed system is capable of accurately distinguishing between ADHD and non-ADHD subjects with a maximum accuracy of 100%.
Shape Memory Alloy Actuators in a Simple Force-Reflecting Teleoperator. (1992)

Abstract : A one-degree-of-freedom prototype was constructed to investigate the potential of shape memory alloy (SMA) wires as actuators in force-feedback teleoperated systems. One possible application would be in force-reflecting exoskeletons. A simple on-off system controlled the master and slave actuators of the prototype. The prototype serves as a proof-of-concept model and a foundation for a more sophisticated system with microprocessor-controlled feedback and pulse width modulation (PWM) power sources. Additional experimentation provided data on SMA wire cooling times in air, in a water/glycol mix, and in distilled water. An attempt to use infrared (IR) temperature measurement to improve power control (and thus reduce response time) was not successful.
Targeting MYC-enhanced glycolysis for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (2021)

Our study highlights an in-depth characterization of SCLC metabolic programming and presents glycolysis as a targetable mechanism downstream of MYC that could offer therapeutic benefit in a subset of SCLC patients.