gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of 20 IEER Rooftop Units System Modeling and Building Energy Simulations (2013)

Based on detailed steady-state system and component modeling, we developed a rooftop unit system design, which is able to achieve IEER (Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio) higher than 20. We modeled fin-&-tube and micro-channel heat exchangers using segment-to-segment approach, and use AHRI 10-coefficient compressor map to simulate compressor performance. The system modeling is based on a component-based modeling approach, which facilitates flexible simulation of complicated system configurations. Starting with a baseline system having IEER of 16.6, we extensively investigated numerous technical options, i.e. varying compressor sizes, heat exchanger fin densities, fin-&-tube or micro-channel heat exchanger, suction line heat exchanger, desiccant wheel, tandem compressor, variable-speed compressor, and condenser evaporative pre-cooling; and developed an innovative system configuration combining a tandem compression system with a variable-speed compression system. The combined system can achieve high IEER as well as process the outdoor ventilation air over an extensive range. We successfully evaluated the design concept for a 20-ton (70.4 kW) unit as well as a 10-ton (35.2 kW) unit. All the selected components are readily accessible on the market, and we validated the performance predictions against existing Rooftop Unit (RTU) products at the rating condition. This paper illustrates a potentially cost-effective high IEER RTU design. Inmore » addtion, we conducted extensive building energy simulations using EnergyPlus to predict seasonal energy saving potentials and peak power reductions using the High IEER RTU in sixteen US cities, in comparison to a RTU with a minimum efficiency.« less
Phase equilibria, molecular conformation, and dynamics in phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers (1982)

Solid-state 13C and 2H NMR experiments have been used to examine the phase equilibria and dynamic structure of binary mixtures of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE). The experiments rely on changes in the 13C and 2H spectra of sn-2 13C = O labeled and 2H chain and head group labeled lipids at phase boundaries. In particular, broad powder patterns are observed in the gel state, and these patterns narrow dramatically in the liquid-crystalline phase. In the two-phase region a superposition of the gel-phase and liquid-crystalline-phase spectra is observed, which results from the presence of large domains in the DPPC/DPPE system. The appearance of the liquid-crystalline component and the disappearance of the gel component permit the solidus and liquidus curves of the phase diagram to be located accurately. Furthermore, a comparison of the temperature dependence of the 13C and 2H spectra shows the phase transition mechanism to be a function of composition. This result, together with other evidence, supports the hypothesis that the gel-state lattice changes from the L beta or P beta to the L beta configuration with increasing DPPE content. Finally, a detailed examination of the composition dependence of the spectra provides evidence for nonideal mixing.
Data from Pretreatment EGFR T790M Mutation and BRCA1 mRNA Expression in Erlotinib-Treated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients with EGFR Mutations (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (deletion in exon 19 or L858R) show an impressive progression-free survival of 14 months when treated with erlotinib. However, the presence of EGFR mutations can only imperfectly predict outcome. We hypothesized that progression-free survival could be influenced both by the pretreatment EGFR T790M mutation and by components of DNA repair pathways.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We assessed the T790M mutation in pretreatment diagnostic specimens from 129 erlotinib-treated advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. The expression of eight genes and two proteins involved in DNA repair and four receptor tyrosine kinases was also examined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The EGFR T790M mutation was observed in 45 of 129 patients (35%). Progression-free survival was 12 months in patients with and 18 months in patients without the T790M mutation (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05). Progression-free survival was 27 months in patients with low BRCA1 mRNA levels, 18 months in those with intermediate levels, and 10 months in those with high levels (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of the T790M mutation (HR, 4.35; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), intermediate BRCA1 levels (HR, 8.19; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), and high BRCA1 levels (HR, 8.46; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) emerged as markers of shorter progression-free survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Low BRCA1 levels neutralized the negative effect of the T790M mutation and were associated with longer progression-free survival to erlotinib. We advocate baseline assessment of the T790M mutation and BRCA1 expression to predict outcome and provide alternative individualized treatment to patients based on T790M mutations and BRCA1 expression. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(5); 1–9. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Incidence and Management of Epistaxis after Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery (2012)

This study confirms that the risk of epistaxis after endoscopic skull base surgery is low and similar to sinonasal surgery for inflammatory conditions.
Development of biopolymer-based (burn) wound dressing (2013)

The survival rates of burn wound patients have increased significantly during the past decades thanks to the development of state-of-the-art diagnostic tools and treatments. However, patients still suffer from prolonged physical and psychological pains. In addition, they are also facing a heavy financial burden. A universal wound dressing does not exist since wound characteristics can greatly differ and can also vary within time. There exist however a number of criteria wound healing dressings should fulfill such as maintaining a moist environment, enable the exchange of gases, be impermeable for micro-organisms, be non-adherent, be biocompatible, … Commonly used (burn) dressings such as Kaltostat®, Flaminal®, … all contain alginates. These linear polysaccharides extracted from brown algae are biocompatible and known for their ability to absorb and retain very large amounts of exudate, hereby creating an optimal moist wound environment. Another interesting biopolymer is gelatin, a water-soluble protein and derivative of collagen. The latter is a very important structural protein in the human body, including the skin. Interestingly, unlike alginate, gelatin has cell-interactive properties which can be an advantage for wound healing. Gelatin and alginate were modified with methacrylamide and methacrylate functionalities, respectively. The degree of substitution was determined using (HR-MAS) 1H NMR spectroscopy. Chemically crosslinked networks were obtained by means of UV irradiation. These hydrogels were characterized using IR-mapping, rheology and swelling experiments. Interestingly, in addition to conventional polymer networks, also double networks were synthesized by incubating a UV-crosslinked gelatin-methacrylamide hydrogel film in a (modified) alginate solution, followed by a second crosslinking procedure using either UV irradiation or Ca2+ ions. Cell tests are ongoing and the results will be presented at the conference.
Risk-based Authentication Based on Network Latency Profiling (2020)

Impersonation attacks against web authentication servers have been increasing in complexity over the last decade. Tunnelling services, such as VPNs or proxies, can be for instance used to faithfully impersonate victims in foreign countries. In this paper we study the detection of user authentication attacks involving network tunnelling geolocation deception. For that purpose we explore different models to profile a user based on network latencies. We design a classical machine learning model and a deep learning model to profile web resource loading times collected on client-side. In order to test our approach we profiled network latencies for 86 real users located around the globe. We show that our proposed novel network profiling is able to detect up to 88.3% of attacks using VPN tunneling schemes
Back to the Basics: Seamless Integration of Side-Channel Pre-Processing in Deep Neural Networks (2021)

Deep learning approaches have become popular for Side-Channel Analysis (SCA) in the recent years. Especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) due to their natural ability to overcome jitter-based as well as masking countermeasures. Most of the recent works have been focusing on optimising the performance on given dataset, for example finding optimal architecture and using ensemble, and bypass the need for trace pre-processing. However, trace pre-processing is a long studied topic and several proven techniques exist in the literature. There is no straightforward manner to integrate those techniques into deep learning based SCA. In this paper, we propose a generic framework which allows seamless integration of multiple, user defined pre-processing techniques into the neural network architecture. The framework is based on Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Networks ( MCNN) that were originally proposed for time series analysis. MCNN are composed of multiple branches that can apply independent transformation to input data in each branch to extract the relevant features and allowing a better generalization of the model. In terms of SCA, these transformations can be used for integration of pre-processing techniques, such as phase-only correlation, principal component analysis, alignment methods, etc. We present successful results on generic network which generalizes to different publicly available datasets. Our findings show that it is possible to design a network that can be used in a more general way to analyze side-channel leakage traces and perform well across datasets.
Effects of Sb N and period on the electronic properties of GaAs/GaInNAsSb superlattices (2004)

摘要 Abstract 作者及机构信息 倪海桥, 徐晓华, 张纬, 徐应强, 牛智川, 吴荣汉 Authors and contacts Ni Hai-Qiao, Xu Xiao-Hua, Zhang Wei, Xu Ying-Qiang, Niu Zhi-Chuan, Wu Rong-Han  参考文献 施引文献
Preventing Degradation of NMC811 with Bimetallic Oxide Coatings (2022)

High nickel-content cathodes such as NMC811 (LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 ) offer high practical capacities but undergo rapid degradation during cycling due to multiple mechanisms, such as surface phase transformations, reactive oxygen release and transition metal dissolution. Coatings using metal oxides have been proposed to provide surface protection against these processes. In this work we have used bespoke bimetallic alkoxide precursors to deliver unique bimetallic oxide coatings onto NMC811 secondary particles. Bimetallic combinations of lithium and zirconium or magnesium and zirconium showed enhanced electrochemical performance compared to uncoated NMC811 and only zirconium-based coatings, particularly at high charging voltages (4.6 V). Examining the cathodes post-cycling with XPS revealed a significant difference in the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) of the different coated cathodes, suggesting different surface chemical reactions occur with different coating materials. These bimetallic coatings could offer a route to accessing further capacity available only at higher potentials. Figure 1
Identifying the long-term role of iNOS in contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) using a transgenic mouse model (100.14) (2007)

Abstract The inflammatory mediator iNOS is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCI. Specific inhibition of iNOS is beneficial after acute SCI, but little is known about its role over longer post-injury periods. The current study was carried out to assess the role of iNOS after contusive SCI through the use of chronic iNOS inhibition by a knockout mouse approach. Wild type (WT) and iNOS(−/−) mice were injured and then subjected to behavioral testing (BMS) and histological evaluation of healthy white and gray matter tissue volumes. Behaviorally, iNOS(−/−) mice displayed a significantly faster recovery of function compared to WT in open-field locomotion during the first 4 wk (WT 2.2±0.2, iNOS(−/−) 3.38±0.43; p &amp;lt; 0.05).At the endpoint of the experiment (8wk) however, iNOS(−/−) mice showed a trend towards worsened functional outcome. Histological analysis revealed that i-NOS(−/−) mice had a significant decrease in the volumes of both healthy gray (53%) and healthy white matter (15%) as compared to WT. The present study shows that acute inhibition of iNOS could be behaviorally beneficial after SCI, however, chronic inhibition likely hampers important wound healing functions of NO, leading to a lack of efficacy at later stages. FUNDING: The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, The Buoniconti Fund, The US Army Medical Research and Material Command
3D hodge decompositions of edge- and face-based vector fields (2019)

We present a compendium of Hodge decompositions of vector fields on tetrahedral meshes embedded in the 3D Euclidean space. After describing the foundations of the Hodge decomposition in the continuous setting, we describe how to implement a five-component orthogonal decomposition that generically splits, for a variety of boundary conditions, any given discrete vector field expressed as discrete differential forms into two potential fields, as well as three additional harmonic components that arise from the topology or boundary of the domain. The resulting decomposition is proper and mimetic, in the sense that the theoretical dualities on the kernel spaces of vector Laplacians valid in the continuous case (including correspondences to cohomology and homology groups) are exactly preserved in the discrete realm. Such a decomposition only involves simple linear algebra with symmetric matrices, and can thus serve as a basic computational tool for vector field analysis in graphics, electromagnetics, fluid dynamics and elasticity.
The C-Terminal Sequence of Several Human Serine Proteases Encodes Host Defense Functions (2011)

Serine proteases of the S1 family have maintained a common structure over an evolutionary span of more than one billion years, and evolved a variety of substrate specificities and diverse biological roles, involving digestion and degradation, blood clotting, fibrinolysis and epithelial homeostasis. We here show that a wide range of C-terminal peptide sequences of serine proteases, particularly from the coagulation and kallikrein systems, share characteristics common with classical antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity. Under physiological conditions, these peptides exert antimicrobial effects as well as immunomodulatory functions by inhibiting macrophage responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In mice, selected peptides are protective against lipopolysaccharide-induced shock. Moreover, these S1-derived host defense peptides exhibit helical structures upon binding to lipopolysaccharide and also permeabilize liposomes. The results uncover new and fundamental aspects on host defense functions of serine proteases present particularly in blood and epithelia, and provide tools for the identification of host defense molecules of therapeutic interest.
Random transposon mutagenesis identifies genes essential for transformation in naturally competent archaea (2022)

Abstract Natural transformation, the process whereby a cell acquires DNA directly from the environment, is an important driver of evolution in microbial populations. While transformation is well characterized in bacteria, relatively little is known about this process in archaea. Here, we leverage an optimized method to generate transposon mutants in Methanococcus maripaludis to screen for genes essential to natural transformation. A screen of 5,376 mutant strains identified 25 candidate genes. Among these are genes encoding components of the type IV-like pilus, transcription/translation associated genes, putative membrane bound transport proteins, and genes of unknown function. Interestingly, similar genes were identified regardless of whether replicating or integrating plasmids were provided as substrate for transformation. Using allelic replacement mutagenesis, we confirmed that several genes identified in these screens are essential for transformation. Finally, we identified a homolog of a membrane bound substrate transporter in Methanoculleus thermophilus and verified its importance using allelic replacement mutagenesis, suggesting a conserved mechanism for DNA transfer in multiple archaea. These data provide an initial catalog of genes important for transformation in the archaea and can inform efforts to understand gene flow in this domain. Importance Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is an important driver of evolution in microbial populations. One of the primary ways microorganisms acquire genetic material through HGT is transformation, the direct uptake of DNA from the environment. While transformation is well-studied in bacteria, little is known about this process in archaea. Using a random mutagenesis screen to identify components of the archaeal transformation pathway, we identify a catalog of genes important to transformation in Methanococcus maripaludis and show that a subset of these genes is functionally conserved across diverse archaea. This is a key step in understanding mechanisms of gene flow in natural populations, and identification of the DNA uptake system will assist in establishing new model genetic systems for studying the archaea.
An Algorithm for Stochastic Multiple-Choice Knapsack Problem and Keywords Bidding (2008)

We model budget-constrained keyword bidding in sponsored search auctions as a stochastic multiple-choice knapsack problem (S-MCKP) and design an algorithm to solve S-MCKP and the corresponding bidding optimization problem. Our algorithm selects items online based on a threshold function which can be built/updated using historical data. Our algorithm achieved about 99 % performance compared to the offline optimum when applied to a real bidding dataset. With synthetic dataset and iid item-sets, its performance ratio against the offline optimum converges to one empirically with increasing number of periods.
THE ROLE OF EPITHELIAL β -DEFENSINS AND CATHELICIDINS IN HOST DEFENSE OF THE LUNG (2007)

The continuous exposure of the epithelial surface of the conducting airways to inhaled pathogens requires the presence of an efficient innate immune system to prevent infections. The innate immune system of the lung provides protection against a broad spectrum of microbial threats through a variety of effector mechanisms. The antimicrobial peptides and proteins form important elements of this defence system in the lung. Defensins and cathelicidins are the main families of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are present in airway secretions and that are expressed by the airway epithelium. Expression and release of these small (3-5 kDa) cationic peptides is regulated by exposure of epithelial cells to a wide variety of substances, including microbial products, cytokines and growth factors. More recently, also active vitamin D(3) has been implicated as a major regulator of AMPs expression. AMPs contribute to host defence through direct antimicrobial activity, as well as by modulating innate and adaptive immunity, and wound repair. Novel insight into the mechanism of action of these peptides and the regulation of their expression may lead to innovative approaches for treatment of infectious and inflammatory lung disorders.
Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction of Targets Under the Illumination of Terahertz Gaussian Beam—Theory and Experiment (2012)

In this paper, the wave equation based on phase shift migration technique is extended for terahertz 3-D imaging with quasi-optical transceivers. An analytical expression of the reconstructed 3-D point-spread function for targets under the illumination of a terahertz Gaussian beam was derived with this reconstruction technique. The quantitative relationship between the imaging quality and the parameters of the transmitted Gaussian beam was obtained, which provides a good criterion to be followed when designing the terahertz quasi-optical transceivers in the imaging systems. Moreover, the spatial sampling criterion was derived strictly which is also quantitatively related to the parameters of the transmitted Gaussian beam. Simulation results with fairly good agreement were given to verify the theoretical results derived in this paper. Finally, a monostatic prototype imager with a Gaussian beam transceiver was designed for the proof-of-principle experiments in 0.2-THz band. The 3-D imaging results of different targets and a mannequin with concealed threat objects were given to demonstrate the theoretical results obtained in this paper and the effectiveness of the 3-D terahertz image reconstruction for security applications.
Editorial Commentary : Mesenchymal Stem Cell Preparation Methods Affect the Properties of Shoulder Subacromial Bursa‐Derived Cells (2020)

Augmentation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the subacromial bursa in the setting of irreparable rotator cuff tears is a powerful candidate for future regenerative medicine. However, little is known about whether the preparation technique affects the individual differences and potentials of subacromial bursa-derived MSCs. The yields obtained by chopping or cell-expansion techniques with a high-density of initial nucleated cells seem to be lower than those obtained with low-density cell-expansion techniques. Differences in cell-preparation methods may affect whether individual differences in their properties exist. Further studies are required using a low-density cell-expansion technique to establish a new regenerative treatment using subacromial bursa-derived MSCs for irreparable rotator cuff tears.
Prenatal transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells to treat osteogenesis imperfecta (2014)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) can be a severe disorder that can be diagnosed before birth. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has the potential to improve the bone structure, growth, and fracture healing. In this review, we give an introduction to OI and MSC, and the basis for pre- and postnatal transplantation in OI. We also summarize the two patients with OI who have received pre- and postnatal transplantation of MSC. The findings suggest that prenatal transplantation of allogeneic MSC in OI is safe. The cell therapy is of likely clinical benefit with improved linear growth, mobility, and reduced fracture incidence. Unfortunately, the effect is transient. For this reason, postnatal booster infusions using same-donor MSC have been performed with clinical benefit, and without any adverse events. So far there is limited experience in this specific field and proper studies are required to accurately conclude on clinical benefits of MSC transplantation to treat OI.
Water soluble poly(1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole) as novel dielectric layer for organic field effect transistors (2011)

Water soluble poly(1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole) (PVT) as a novel dielectric layer for organic field effect transistor is studied. Dielectric spectroscopy characterization reveals it has low leakage current and rather high breakdown voltage. Both n-channel and p-channel organic field effect transistors are fabricated using pentacene and fullerene as active layers. Both devices show device performances with lack of hysteresis, very low threshold voltages and high on/off ratios. Excellent film formation property is utilized to make AlO <i><sub>x</sub></i> and thin PVT bilayer in order to decrease the operating voltage of the devices. All solution processed ambipolar device is fabricated with simple spin coating steps using poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) end capped with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) as active layer. Our investigations show that PVT can be a very promising dielectric for organic field effect transistors.