gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crime Mapping and the Crimestat Program (2005)

CrimeStat is a spatial statistics program used in crime mapping. The program inputs incident or point locations and outputs statistics that can be displayed graphically in a geographic information systems (GIS) program. Among the routines are those for summary spatial description, hot spot analysis, interpolation, space–time analysis, and journey‐to‐crime modeling. Version 3.0 has a crime travel demand module for analyzing travel patterns over a metropolitan area. The program and documentation are distributed by the National Institute of Justice.
On the Driving Mechanism Design for Large Amplitude Electrostatic Actuation (2001)

Abstract This study intends to improve the performances of conventional electrostatic actuator regarding its amplitude and driving force. Two approaches including the oblique-comb actuator design and 2-DOF vibration system for amplitude amplification are proposed. The former has advantages in both generated force and allowable stroke, while the latter has the nature of larger output amplitude driven by smaller input stroke. Base on the advantages of both methods, the combination of these two designs can further improve the performance regarding output amplitude and driving voltage.
Retinal‐specific ATP‐binding cassette transporter (ABCR/ABCA4) is expressed at the choroid plexus in rat brain (2005)

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter A4 is a member of the ABC transporter subfamily A which has been reported to be exclusively expressed in the retina. In contrast, a previous report has suggested a possible relationship between ABCA4 and CNS function. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the localization of ABCA4 mRNA and protein in rat brain. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that ABCA4 mRNA was localized in the lateral ventricles. RT-PCR analysis detected ABCA4 mRNA in isolated rat choroid plexus and conditionally immortalized rat choroid plexus epithelial cells (TR-CSFB). Furthermore, ABCA4 protein was also detected in the isolated rat choroid plexus at about 250 kDa by western blot analysis, and its apparent molecular size was reduced by N-glycosidase F treatment. These results suggest that glycosylated ABCA4 protein is expressed in rat choroid plexus epithelial cells. ABCA4 may play a role in the function of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and affect CSF conditions.
Frequency-Independent and Frequency-Dependent Nonlinear Models of TWT Amplifiers (1981)

Simple two-parameter formulas are presented for the functions involved in the amplitude-phase and the quadrature nonlinear models of a TWT amplifier, and are shown to fit measured data very well. Also, a closed-form expression is derived for the output signal of a TWT amplifier excited by two phase-modulated carriers, and an expression containing a single integral is given when more than two such earriers are involved. Finally, a frequencydependent quadrature model is proposed whose parameters are obtainable from single-tone measurements.
Actions of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate in the central nervous system: effects on cognition and emotion in animals and humans (1999)

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester, DHEAS, exert multiple effects in the rodent central nervous system (CNS). Most of them seem to be mediated through their non-genomic action on several neurotransmitter receptors. DHEA(S) increases neuronal excitability, enhances neuronal plasticity and also has neuroprotective properties. In line with these observations DHEA(S) treatment in rodents enhances memory in several paradigms. Even more studies show antiamnestic effects of the steroids. However, DHEA(S) has also anxiolytic and anti-aggressive properties. In humans cross-sectional and longitudinal studies suggest that DHEAS might be associated with global measures of well-being and functioning; however, a relationship with cognition could not be detected to date. Moreover, studies investigating DHEAS levels in neurodegenerative diseases have produced conflicting results. Experimental studies in elderly humans have revealed preliminary evidence for mood enhancing and antidepressant effects of DHEA treatment, while positive effects on measures of memory and attention could not be found. However, electrophysiological studies demonstrated that DHEA treatment has effects on the human CNS. Several reasons for the discrepancy between data obtained in rodents and humans are discussed and research perspectives are outlined which might help to improve interpretation of results obtained in the two species.
Luminescence experiments on copper(I) zeolites (1991)

R. Beer, G. Calzaferri and I. Kamber, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1991, 1489 DOI: 10.1039/C39910001489
Thiol‐Ene Click Chemistry as a Tool for a Novel Family of Polymeric Ionic Liquids (2012)

Abstract Functionalized pyrrolidinium compounds, 3‐((2‐hydroxyethylthio)methyl)‐1,1,4‐trimethylpyrrolidinium and 3‐((2‐carboxyethylthio)methyl)‐1,1,4‐trimethylpyrrolidinium chlorides, are prepared from N , N ‐diallyl‐ N , N ‐dimethylammonium chloride by radical thiol‐ene addition and are utilized as building blocks in the synthesis of “ionic liquid‐like monomers.” “Polymeric ionic liquids” with highest molecular weights are obtained in water from chloride monomers followed by ionic exchange with lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. Synthesized polymers demonstrate negligible water absorption (&lt;0.1 wt%). Copolymerization with polyethyleneglycol di‐ and monomethacrylates leads to the conductive self‐standing tough films with ionic conductivity up to 2.8 × 10 −7 /1.3 × 10 −6 S cm −1 at 25 °C.
Metal- and Serine-Dependent Meta-Cleavage Product Hydrolases Utilize Similar Nucleophile-Activation Strategies (2018)

LigY catalyzes the hydrolysis of a meta-cleavage product (MCP), 4,11-dicarboxy-8-hydroxy-9-methoxy-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate (DCHM-HOPDA), in the bacterial catabolism of lignin-derived biphenyl. Most characterized MCP hydrolases are serine-dependent, with hydrolysis proceeding via enol–keto tautomerization followed by an acyl-enzyme intermediate. In contrast, LigY is Zn2+-dependent, with hydrolysis proposed to proceed via tautomerization followed by formation of a gem-diol intermediate. Transient-state kinetic analysis of DCHM-HOPDA turnover revealed the formation of an intermediate possessing a bathochromically shifted spectrum (λmax = 508 nm), similar to that of the ESred intermediate observed during tautomerization in serine-dependent hydrolases. Neither the formation (1/τ1 ≈ 137 s–1) nor the decay (1/τ2 ≈ 23 s–1) of ESred was rate-limiting (kcat = 9.7 ± 0.3 s–1). Furthermore, the rate of ESred decay was 3.4-fold slower in deuterated buffer, suggesting a proton-transfer reaction consist...
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Information-based clustering. (2006)

In an age of increasingly large data sets, investigators in many different disciplines have turned to clustering as a tool for data analysis and exploration. Existing clustering methods, however, typically depend on several nontrivial assumptions about the structure of data. Here, we reformulate the clustering problem from an information theoretic perspective that avoids many of these assumptions. In particular, our formulation obviates the need for defining a cluster "prototype," does not require an a priori similarity metric, is invariant to changes in the representation of the data, and naturally captures nonlinear relations. We apply this approach to different domains and find that it consistently produces clusters that are more coherent than those extracted by existing algorithms. Finally, our approach provides a way of clustering based on collective notions of similarity rather than the traditional pairwise measures. PMID: 16352721 Funding information This work was supported by: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P50 GM071508
Network coding schemes for underwater networks (2007)

Underwater acoustic communications are characterized by a long propagation delay and limited bandwidth. Power consumption is an additional constraint for underwater networks. Network layer schemes for that minimize both transmission time and power consumption are thus of interest. Conventional routing schemes have limitations in both power consumption and delay performance. Application of network coding schemes in rateless fashion results in better delay performance; however, power consumption is greater than for most routing schemes when the network is lightly loaded. This paper proposes a new method for network coding that relies on implicit acknowledgements to improve power consumption performance. Numerical results demonstrate superior performance of the scheme proposed. The method is also applicable to other wireless channels.
Social and AR Applications Using the User's Context and User Generated Content (2012)

The core business of Mobile Network Operators (MNO) has moved from network management and phone services to service providing. In contrast to Information Communication Technology (ICT) service providers, MNOs handle large amounts of their customers' context data and generated content, which can be used to bring value-added services to customers and therefore, generate solid revenues. Given this scenario, this paper describes how Telecom Italia (a major Italian MNO) has prototyped such type of services after a deep research performed in the context-awareness and context management field and using its user-generated content management facilities in federation with other platforms and systems.
Clinical characteristics of patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract who develop second malignant tumors. (1992)

A total of 1294 patients with primary head and neck (H&N) cancer of a single site was diagnosed during the years 1970 to 1979 at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 163 subsequently developed a second malignant tumor (SMT). In 50% of the cases, the second tumor was in the H&N, and in 30% in the lung and esophagus; 41 patients developed a third tumor. Again, in 50% of these cases, the tumor was in the H&N and in 17% in the lung and esophagus. The stage of disease of all the second primary tumors was more advanced at diagnosis, mainly as a result of the large number of patients with lung and esophagus cancer. Patients who had a second tumor in the H&N were diagnosed in an earlier stage of disease than patients with a single H&N tumor. The survival of patients with localized second H&N cancer was worse than for those with a primary, localized single tumor.
Comparing Surgical Treatments for Sciatica (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Selectivity, Cocrystal Structures, and Neuroprotective Properties of Leucettines, a Family of Protein Kinase Inhibitors Derived from the Marine Sponge Alkaloid Leucettamine B (2012)

DYRKs (dual specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinases) and CLKs (cdc2-like kinases) are implicated in the onset and development of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. The marine sponge alkaloid leucettamine B was recently identified as an inhibitor of DYRKs/CLKs. Synthesis of analogues (leucettines) led to an optimized product, leucettine L41. Leucettines were cocrystallized with DYRK1A, DYRK2, CLK3, PIM1, and GSK-3β. The selectivity of L41 was studied by activity and interaction assays of recombinant kinases and affinity chromatography and competition affinity assays. These approaches revealed unexpected potential secondary targets such as CK2, SLK, and the lipid kinase PIKfyve/Vac14/Fig4. L41 displayed neuroprotective effects on glutamate-induced HT22 cell death. L41 also reduced amyloid precursor protein-induced cell death in cultured rat brain slices. The unusual multitarget selectivity of leucettines may account for their neuroprotective effects. This family of kinase inhibitors deserves further optimization as potential therapeutics against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
Left-handed polyproline-II helix revisited: proteins causing proteopathies (2016)

Left-handed polyproline-II type helix is a regular conformation of polypeptide chain not only of fibrous, but also of folded and natively unfolded proteins and peptides. It is the only class of regular secondary structure substantially represented in non-fibrous proteins and peptides on a par with right-handed alpha-helix and beta-structure. In this study, we have shown that polyproline-II helix is abundant in several peptides and proteins involved in proteopathies, the amyloid-beta peptides, protein tau and prion protein. Polyproline-II helices form two interaction sites in the amyloid-beta peptides, which are pivotal for pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It also with high probability is the structure of the majority of tau phosphorylation sites, important for tau hyperphosphorylation and formation of neurofibrillary tangles, a hallmark of AD. Polyproline-II helices form large parts of the structure of the folded domain of prion protein. They can undergo conversion to beta-structure as a result of relatively small change of one torsional angle of polypeptide chain. We hypothesize that in prions and amyloids, in general polyproline-II helices can serve as structural elements of the normal structure as well as dormant nuclei of structure conversion, and thus play important role in structure changes leading to the formation of fibrils.
Deceptive Jamming Detection for SAR Based on Cross-Track Interferometry (2018)

Deceptive jamming against synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can create false targets or deceptive scenes in the image effectively. Based on the difference in interferometric phase between the target and deceptive jamming signals, a novel method for detecting deceptive jamming using cross-track interferometry is proposed, where the echoes with deceptive jamming are received by two SAR antennas simultaneously and the false targets are identified through SAR interferometry. Since the derived false phase is close to a constant in interferogram, it is extracted through phase filtering and frequency detection. Finally, the false targets in the SAR image are obtained according to the detected false part in the interferogram. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation results based on the TanDEM-X system.
Flying-spot lock-in thermography and its application to thickness measurement and crack detection (2014)

A heating laser beam was scanned periodically along a testing path on the surface of a test object. The thermal response of the beam was recorded by an infrared camera. Using a lock-in thermography algorithm, amplitude and phase images were generated. The phase image is corrected for effects due to the beam movement. A first application shows the contact-free determination of the steel sheet thickness at forming edges. Calibration of phase values to thickness was achieved by using an analytical model of thermal wave transmission. A second application is the detection of a perpendicular surface crack in steel.
Polycrystalline silicon films on aluminum sheets for solar cell application (1974)

In order to make low-cost silicon solar cells for large-scale terrestrial use, we have considered a method for growing silicon with a columnar structure, with a monograin along the growth direction. Such a polycrystal, in contrast to general polycrystal material with randomly oriented grain arrangement, would make possible polycrystalline solar cells with good photovoltaic efficiencies.
Oblivious transfer and quantum channels (2006)

We show that oblivious transfer can be seen as the classical analogue to a quantum channel in the same sense as non-local boxes are for maximally entangled qubits.
Synthesis of substituted 7,12-dihydropyrido[3,2-b:5,4-b']diindoles: rigid planar benzodiazepine receptor ligands with inverse agonist/antagonist properties (1990)

A series of 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 10-, and 12-substituted pyridodiindoles were synthesized and screened in vitro against [3H]diazepam for activity at the benzodiazepine receptor (BzR). In vitro, the 2-substituted pyridodiindoles were found to be the most potent (IC50 less than 10 nM) of this new class of BzR ligands. In vivo, 2-methoxypyridodiindole 19a (IC50 = 8 nM) was found to be the most potent partial inverse agonist (proconvulsant) of the series. The parent compound 2 (IC50 = 4 nM) was only slightly less potent. In addition, 2-hydroxypyridodiindole 21a (IC50 = 6 nM) was found to exhibit potent proconvulsant activity when administered as a prodrug derivative, pivaloyl ester 22. 2-Chloropyridodiindole 16a (IC50 = 10 nM) was devoid of preconvulsant activity; however, 16a was found to be the most potent antagonist of the anticonvulsant effects of diazepam in this class of BzR ligands. From the in vivo data available, substitution on ring E of 2 with electron-withdrawing groups results in antagonists at BzR, while replacement of hydrogen at C-2 with electron-releasing groups provides enhanced inverse agonist activity. The pyridodiindoles were used as "templates" for the formulation of a model of the inverse agonist/antagonist active site of the BzR. The proposed model consists of a hydrogen bond acceptor site (A1) and a hydrogen bond donor site (D2) disposed 6.0-8.5 A from each other on the receptor protein. The hydrogen-bonding sites are believed to be located at the base of a narrow cleft. A large lipophilic pocket at the mouth of the narrow cleft serves to direct molecules into the binding site, while the presence of a small lipophilic pocket permits substitution only at position 2 of the pyridodiindole nucleus for maximum binding potency.
Erratum: Monte Carlo simulation of n-butane in water. Conformational evidence for the hydrophobic effect [J. Chem. Phys. 77, 5757 (1982)] (1983)

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Photoinitiated homopolymerization and copolymerization of furfuryl methacrylate andN-vinylpyrrolidone (1996)

The study of the homo- and copolymerization of furfuryl methacrylate (F) and vinylpyrrolidone (P) in bulk, initiated by the photoactivation of AIBN at low temperatures (0 and 40°C), is described. The kinetic diagrams for the homopolymerization of F and P were obtained following the evolution of the heat of reaction by DSC, and revealed the autoacceleration and the vitrification effects on the polymerization rate. The influence of oxygen in the photoinitiated polymerization was analyzed by determining the steady-state concentration of oxygen from the kinetic data obtained for polymerizations performed out in the presence and absence of oxygen. The results obtained indicate that P is more sensitive than F to the presence of oxygen in free radical polymerization. The photoinitiated copolymerization process is little affected by the concentration of monomers, giving similar Rp and θm values for both systems. However, at low polymerization temperature 0°C non-crosslinked copolymers are obtained, whereas at a temperature of 40°C, the copolymers prepared at conversion higher than 20 mol % become crosslinked as a result of the active participation of the furfuryl ring in the polymerization process at this temperature. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
<title>Accurate 3D corneal surface measurement using an automated mapping approach</title> (1995)

This paper discusses an approach to measuring the location of the human eye cornea using stereo pair images. A grid pattern is projected onto the cornea via an optical system and two digital cameras capture different views of the reflection simultaneously. The two images are then matched and rectified, and the surface can be inferred from the disparity of known points in the grid pattern. The design of an experimental prototype system is described and some typical results are presented.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Is a Potent Inhibitor of Cytokine-Induced Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization. (2004)

Abstract Previously, we have shown that IL-8 and G-CSF-induced hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization is inhibited in mice that underwent low dose (0.5 Gy) total body irradiation (TBI), whereas the number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow remained similar in all groups. The mechanism underlying this inhibition remains unknown. Since the release of granular proteases by neutrophils is well known to play a role in HSC mobilization, we also considered a possible role for serine protease inhibitors in the induction of HSC mobilization. Serine proteases, such as elastase and cathepsin G, are irreversibly inhibited by serine protease inhibitors including alpha-1 antitrypsin (alpha-1 AT) and alpha2-macroglobulin. In-vitro tests revealed that addition of bone marrow extracellular extracts, that were obtained from murine femurs 24 hours following low dose (0.5 Gy) TBI, inhibited the activity of exogenous elastase in a chromogenic substrate conversion assay up to 78.1 % compared to extracts obtained from sham irradiated controls (p&amp;lt;0.05). Since elastase inhibition by alpha2-macroglobulin cannot be detected in a chromogenic substrate conversion assay, alpha-1 AT was considered as the primary candidate serine protease inhibitor to inhibit elastase activity in our in-vitro system. Quantitative PCR of total bone marrow cells revealed that alpha-1 AT mRNA was 20-fold increased relative to the housekeeping gene ß-actin and 7-fold relative to the housekeeping genes HPRT and GAPDH at 24 hours following low dose (0.5 Gy) TBI. In addition, Western blot analysis indicated that alpha-1 AT protein concentrations were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.01) increased in bone marrow extracellular extracts derived from low dose (0.5 Gy) irradiated mice, compared to extracts obtained from sham-irradiated controls (5.1 ± 0.6 scanning units [SU] vs. 3.9 ± 0.7 SU for 0.5 Gy;n=8 vs. 0 Gy; n=6 respectively). To further substantiate a possible in-vivo role of alpha-1 AT in the inhibition of HSC mobilization, we administered alpha-1 AT (300 μg/mouse i.p.) at 2 hours and at 5 minutes prior to IL-8 injection (30 μg/mouse i.p.). Administration of alpha-1 AT prior to IL-8 injection completely (p&amp;lt;0.05) inhibited IL-8-induced HSC mobilization (472.9 ± 289.5 CFU-GM per ml blood for IL-8; n=5 vs. 44.8 ± 35.5 CFU-GM per ml blood for alpha-1 AT/IL-8; n =11). These results indicate that 1) alpha-1 AT is a potent inhibitor of IL-8-induced HSC mobilization and 2) in-vivo induced alpha-1 AT contributes to the inhibition of HSC mobilization after low-dose (0.5 Gy) TBI. We hypothesize that a critical balance between serine proteases and serine protease inhibitors plays an important role in cytokine-induced HSC mobilization.
Two-dimensional complex optically-induced nonlinear photonic lattices (2005)

We generate different types of two-dimensional nonlinear photonic lattices in a photorefractive crystal by engineered periodic phase patterns, including novel triangular and vortex-like lattices, and study their linear guiding properties.