gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel chirp modulation spread spectrum technique for multiple access (2003)

This paper proposes a new approach in chirp modulation spread spectrum (CMSS). A good selection of the parameters of the linear chirps, which are used in chirp modulation, combined with antipodal signaling significantly reduces the multiple access interference (MAI) even for small time-bandwidth products. This makes such systems attractive for efficient spread spectrum multiple access. Equal energy and equal bandwidth characterize the set of chirps being used for multiple access. Analytical expressions for the time-bandwidth efficiency and the bit error rate (BER) in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels are derived. The theoretical results are then confirmed through simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed CMSS technique outperforms existing CMSS techniques in terms of bit error rate and time-bandwidth efficiency. Moreover, its performance approaches those attained by direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) systems.
Delivering Mobile Enterprise Services on Morfeo&amp;#146;s MC Open Source Platform (2006)

This paper discusses the rationale behind Telef´onica’s strategic decision for Enterprise Mobility Solutions and presents MorfeoMC: an open source vertical componentbased platform for rapidly developing mobile applications and services that can be used to create comprehensive and integrated mobility solutions while concealing the complexity involved in managing multiple devices. The key architectural decisions in MorfeoMC are described, and the reasoning behind their selection is presented and compared with related work. For these purposes, the paper focuses on the MorfeoMC’s Rendering Layer, and describes how it allows for the development of applications and services according to a Channel Model supported by the principles of Service Oriented Architectures (SOA). It is stressed how this approach avoids the need for duplicating the services that implement the business logic when another access channel is added, thanks to its architecture of code generators. Finally, other key elements and techniques in MorfeoMC are also discussed.
DNA Slippage Occurs at Microsatellite Loci without Minimal Threshold Length in Humans: A Comparative Genomic Approach (2010)

The dynamics of microsatellite, or short tandem repeats (STRs), is well documented for long, polymorphic loci, but much less is known for shorter ones. For example, the issue of a minimum threshold length for DNA slippage remains contentious. Model-fitting methods have generally concluded that slippage only occurs over a threshold length of about eight nucleotides, in contradiction with some direct observations of tandem duplications at shorter repeated sites. Using a comparative analysis of the human and chimpanzee genomes, we examined the mutation patterns at microsatellite loci with lengths as short as one period plus one nucleotide. We found that the rates of tandem insertions and deletions at microsatellite loci strongly deviated from background rates in other parts of the human genome and followed an exponential increase with STR size. More importantly, we detected no lower threshold length for slippage. The rate of tandem duplications at unrepeated sites was higher than expected from random insertions, providing evidence for genome-wide action of indel slippage (an alternative mechanism generating tandem repeats). The rate of point mutations adjacent to STRs did not differ from that estimated elsewhere in the genome, except around dinucleotide loci. Our results suggest that the emergence of STR depends on DNA slippage, indel slippage, and point mutations. We also found that the dynamics of tandem insertions and deletions differed in both rates and size at which these mutations take place. We discuss these results in both evolutionary and mechanistic terms.
Radial Bone Mineral Density in Hemodialysis Patients with Adynamic Bone Disease (2003)

Adynamic bone disease (ABD) has attracted attention as the most frequent type of renal osteodystrophy, but there are few reports about the bone mineral density (BMD) in ABD patients. This study investigated the BMD in hemodialysis patients with ABD and with relatively normal bone turnover. We measured the BMD of the distal one-third of the radius by dual-energy X-ray adsorptiometry. In the ABD group (intact PTH<65 pg/ml, intact osteocalcin<30 ng/ml), there were 19 men and 17 women with a mean age of 56.4 +/- 12.0 years. In the relatively normal bone turnover group (intact PTH: 120-250 pg/ml), there were 24 men and 16 women with a mean age of 57.1 +/- 14.7 years. Although there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, gender, and duration of hemodialysis, a significant increase of the BMD and the calcium x phosphate product was observed in the ABD group (radial BMD: 0.648 +/- 0.137 g/cm2 versus 0.572 +/- 0.132 g/cm2, calcium x phosphate product: 57.53 +/- 14.92 mg2/dl2 versus 49.76 +/- 12.13 mg2/dl2). These findings suggest that an increase in radial BMD may not be a useful marker of the improvement in bone lesions in ABD patients.
On Solving Block-Structured Indefinite Linear Systems (2003)

We consider 2 ×2 block inde ﬁnite linear systems whose (2 ,2)block is zero.Such systems arise in many applications.We discuss two techniques that are based on modifying the (1 ,1)block in a way that makes the system easier to solve.The main part of the paper focuses on an augmented Lagrangian approach:a technique that modi ﬁes the (1,1)block without changing the system size.The choice of the parameter involved,the spectrum of the linear system,and its condition number are discussed,and some analytical observations are provided.A technique of de ﬂating the (1,1)block is then introduced.Finally,numerical experiments that validate the analysis are presented.
Monetary incentive with reputation for virtual market-place based P2P (2005)

One of the underlying assumptions on the design of peer-to-peer (P2P) network is that each peer trusts each other for forwarding transit messages. However, with the growth of P2P application, especially in business model, some peers may behave as selfish, irrational nodes due to conflict of interest or for conservation bandwidth. In our model, the P2P network is considered as a virtual market-place where peers can find, provide, and use services. Since peers are owned and operated by different entities, they do not necessarily share the same goals, but rather, to serve their own interests. In this paper, incentive mechanism to motivate peers to forward messages is proposed. We have implemented the monetary as an incentive mechanism, in which peers can setup their cost to charge for transiting a message. However, with only monetary incentive, peers may misbehave. Therefore, the decentralized reputation has been implemented with monetary mechanism. This will allow an application with dramatically improved utility, co-operate among peers and hence enable whole new domains of use.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Transplanting Normal Vascular Proangiogenic Cells to Tumor-Bearing Mice Triggers Vascular Remodeling and Reduces Hypoxia in Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Transplanting Normal Vascular Proangiogenic Cells to Tumor-Bearing Mice Triggers Vascular Remodeling and Reduces Hypoxia in Tumors
All Food Stamp Benefits To Be Issued Electronically (1998)

Food Security and Poverty
Black holes as bosonic Gaussian channels (2015)

We identify the quantum channels corresponding to the interaction of a Gaussian quantum state with an already formed Schwarzschild black hole. Using recent advances in the classification of one-mode bosonic Gaussian channels, we find that (with one exception) the black hole Gaussian channels lie in the nonentanglement breaking subset of the lossy channels $\mathcal{C}(\text{loss})$, amplifying channels $\mathcal{C}(\mathrm{amp})$ and classical-noise channels ${\mathcal{B}}_{2}$. We show that the channel parameters depend on the black hole mass and the properties of the potential barrier surrounding it. This classification enables us to calculate the classical and quantum capacity of the black hole and to estimate the quantum capacity where no tractable quantum capacity expression exists today. We discuss these findings in the light of the black hole quantum information loss problem.
Polarization insensitive fiber to SOI waveguide experimental coupling technique integrated with a V-Groove structure (2007)

A coupling technique for highly efficient coupling between SOI waveguides and standard single-mode fibers is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed coupling structure is CMOS compatible, polarization insensitive and aimed for being integrated with V-groove auto-alignment techniques.
Fundacion medina, a public-private model for microbial natural products drug discovery (2012)

Microbial natural products (NPs) represent one of the most successful sources of drugs to treat human diseases. Despite the current need of novel drugs, NPs discovery programs have been gradually abandoned by the big pharma, and smaller biotechnology companies and research organizations are clearly taking the lead in the discovery of novel NPs.
Lobar Distribution of Changes in Gray Matter and White Matter in Memory Clinic Patients: Detected Using Magnetization Transfer Imaging (2007)

This study shows that in addition to more focal GM MTI changes in the temporal and frontal lobes, widespread WM changes are present in the earliest stages of AD. This might point to an important role for WM pathology in the earliest stage of AD.
Robust Speaker Recognition Using Microphone Arrays (2001)

This paper investigates the use of microphone arrays in handsfree speaker recognition systems. Hands-free operation is preferable in many potential speaker recognition applications, however obtaining acceptable performance with a single distant microphone is problematic in real noise conditions. A possible solution to this problem is the use of microphone arrays, which have the capacity to enhance a signal based purely on knowledge of its direction of arrival. The use of microphone arrays for improving the robustness of speech recognition systems has been studied in recent times, however little research has been conducted in the area of speaker recognition. This paper discusses the application of microphone arrays to speaker recognition applications, and presents an experimental evaluation of a hands-free speaker verification application in noisy conditions.
Stromal growth factor production in irradiated lectin exposed long-term murine bone marrow cultures (1987)

Hematopoietic regulatory factors produced by adherent (stromal) cells in long-term murine bone marrow cultures have been investigated. Using an in situ double layer agar overlay system, we demonstrated that exposure of the stromal cells to 1,100-rad irradiation increased their activities in stimulating colony formation of FDC-P1, an interleukin 3 (IL 3)-responsive cell line. The colony-stimulating activities (CSAs) of the irradiated stroma also stimulated normal marrow cells to form granulocyte-macrophage, megakaryocyte, and mixed lineage colonies. Addition of the lectin pokeweed mitogen to the irradiated stroma increased the level of CSAs. The FDC-P1 CSA of the irradiated stroma was inhibited by antibodies directed against murine granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) but not by those against murine IL 3. Stromal-derived CSA for marrow cells was also partially blocked by anti-GM-CSF antibodies, probably reflecting the presence of other CSAs such as CSF-1. This latter growth factor has been found to be present in conditioned media from Dexter stroma, but levels are not increased after irradiation or lectin exposure. Partially purified GM- CSF, like IL 3, stimulated FDC-P1 proliferation and granulocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte colony formation. These results indicate that the major terminal differentiating hormone elicited by irradiation or lectin exposure of murine marrow stromal cells is GM-CSF. This growth factor, along with CSF-1, can account for the differentiated progeny produced in this system: macrophages, granulocytes, and megakaryocytes.
Self-organizing algorithms for generalized eigen-decomposition (1997)

We discuss a new approach to self-organization that leads to novel adaptive algorithms for generalized eigen-decomposition and its variance for a single-layer linear feedforward neural network. First, we derive two novel iterative algorithms for linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and generalized eigen-decomposition by utilizing a constrained least-mean-squared classification error cost function, and the framework of a two-layer linear heteroassociative network performing a one-of-m classification. By using the concept of deflation, we are able to find sequential versions of these algorithms which extract the LDA components and generalized eigenvectors in a decreasing order of significance. Next, two new adaptive algorithms are described to compute the principal generalized eigenvectors of two matrices (as well as LDA) from two sequences of random matrices. We give a rigorous convergence analysis of our adaptive algorithms by using stochastic approximation theory, and prove that our algorithms converge with probability one.
Characterisation of vortices using pulsed-wave doppler ultrasound (1997)

The detection and characterisation of vortices in a Kaman vortex generator by means of a pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound system was assessed. Measurements were made at different steady flow rates in a IO mm internal diameter tube, 14 mm distal to a circular cylinder of diameter 2 mm, placed across the tube inlet. The results were compared with those obtained with a two-component laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) system. There was generally good agreement between the two techniques in the measurement of frequency of vortex shedding and the circulation velocity of the vortices. We conclude that pulsedwave Doppler ultrasound is a suitable technique for investigating vortical flow structures.
Biogenesis of eukaryotic 20S proteasomes: the complex maturation pathway of a complex enzyme (1997)

Eukaryotic 20S proteasomes harbor a remarkably complex architecture and unique proteolytic properties. Its catalytic mechanism places this enzyme in a new kind of protease family. The recently solved crystal structure of the yeast 20S complex, along with elucidation of the maturation pathway of human proteasomes, has allowed insight into structure/function relationships. Although not all of the unusual enzymatic properties such as broad substrate specificity, predominant generation of peptides with a specific size, or susceptibility to activating complexes can be explained in detail, knowledge of the structure provides important hints for an explanation of underlying mechanisms. Except for ribosome biogenesis, the complexity of eukaryotic proteasome maturation is without precedence. It is a slow process that involves a series of precisely ordered events. Proteasome structure formation is characterized by an initial cooperative formation of an alpha ring matrix, providing docking sites for a defined subset of beta subunits. Subsequent structural rearrangement allows the residual subunits to bind, followed by dimerization of two half-proteasomes. The prosequences of beta subunits exert specific functions during this process and are removed by cis- and trans-autocatalysis, most likely in the completely assembled proteasome cylinder.
Potentiation of Polarized Intestinal Caco-2 Cell Responsiveness to Probiotics Complexed with Secretory IgA (2010)

The precise mechanisms underlying the interaction between intestinal bacteria and the host epithelium lead to multiple consequences that remain poorly understood at the molecular level. Deciphering such events can provide valuable information as to the mode of action of commensal and probiotic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal environment. Potential roles of such microorganisms along the privileged target represented by the mucosal immune system include maturation prior, during and after weaning, and the reduction of inflammatory reactions in pathogenic conditions. Using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell grown as polarized monolayers, we found that association of a Lactobacillus or a Bifidobacterium with nonspecific secretory IgA (SIgA) enhanced probiotic adhesion by a factor of 3.4-fold or more. Bacteria alone or in complex with SIgA reinforced transepithelial electrical resistance, a phenomenon coupled with increased phosphorylation of tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and occludin. In contrast, association with SIgA resulted in both enhanced level of nuclear translocation of NF-κB and production of epithelial polymeric Ig receptor as compared with bacteria alone. Moreover, thymic stromal lymphopoietin production was increased upon exposure to bacteria and further enhanced with SIgA-based complexes, whereas the level of pro-inflammatory epithelial cell mediators remained unaffected. Interestingly, SIgA-mediated potentiation of the Caco-2 cell responsiveness to the two probiotics tested involved Fab-independent interaction with the bacteria. These findings add to the multiple functions of SIgA and underscore a novel role of the antibody in interaction with intestinal bacteria.
Adaptive compensation of nonlinear distortion in multicarrier direct-conversion receivers (2004)

In this paper, some novel methods for compensating the effects of receiver front-end nonlinearities are introduced. More specifically, we focus on multicarrier or multichannel direct-conversion type receivers where several frequency channels are I/Q downconverted as a whole, with the dynamic range of the wideband signal being considerably high. In this kind of receiver, the harmonic and intermodulation distortion due to strong blocking signals is an obvious limiting factor to the whole receiver performance. The basic idea in This work is to remove or reduce this type of distortion effect from a specific channel of interest using adaptive interference cancellation combined with proper reference signal generation. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is illustrated through computer simulations, and some example results are also presented based on measured receiver front-end signals.
Novel Muon Tomography Detector for the Pyramids (2022)

Cosmic-ray muons which impinge upon the Earth's surface can be used to image the density of geological and man-made materials located above a muon detector. The detectors used for these measurements must be capable of determining the muon rate as a function of the angle of incidence. Applications of this capability include geological carbon storage, natural gas storage, enhanced oil recovery, compressed air storage, oil and gas production, tunnel detection, and detection of hidden rooms in man-made structures such as the pyramids. For these applications, the detector must be small and rugged and have operational characteristics which enable its use in remote locations, such as low power requirements. A new muon detector design is now being constructed to make measurements on the Khafre pyramid, in Egypt, to look for unknown voids that might exist in the structure. The new detector design uses monolithic plates of scintillator with wavelength-shifting fiber optic readout to obtain location information. This design will meet the operational requirements, while also providing a geometry that can be modified for different measurement conditions.
Permeability and Phase Structure of PVC/EVA Systems (1971)

Thin films of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) containing various amounts of an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer (55% ethylene by weight) were prepared from mechanical blends and graft copolymerized blends. The film properties were studied by gas permeability measurements with helium, argon, and carbon dioxide as penetrants and by light transmission measurements. Addition of small amounts of EVA (≤ 5% by weight) give negligible changes in permeability and opacity. With larger amounts of EVA added, both permeability and opacity of the films increased sharply. The data indicate that addition of more than 5 wt % EVA increases the heterogeneity of the system, probably because of the development of a continuous EVA phase, thus enclosing (embedding) the PVC particles. This phase structure model is supported by published electron micrographs of thin sections of polymer blends. Permeability measurements have proved valuable in studies of multicomponent polymer systems.
Effects of biologically-derived products on mobility and reproduction of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, on strawberry. (2006)

Pinkerton, J. N., and M. L. C. Kitner. 2006. Effects of biologically-derived products on mobility and reproduction of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, on strawberry. Nematropica 36:181-196. Seven biological products reported to have nematicidal activity were evaluated for suppression of Pratylenchus penetrans mobility in vitro and reproduction on 'Totem' strawberry plants. Mobility of nematodes was evaluated in vitro by exposing nematodes to a range of concentrations of products in aqueous solutions for 24, 48, and 72 h, followed by rinsing and incubating the nematodes for 24 h in deionized water. Nematodes exposed to deionized water or the organophosphate nematicide fenamiphos served as controls. During 72 h exposure in 70 µl/L a.i. solution of fenamiphos, >75% of nematodes were immobilized and 58% did not recover mobility in subsequent water incubation. Ninety percent of nematodes were immobilized during exposure to 1380 mg/L DiTera for 72 h, and 35% remained immobile after subsequent 24 h incubation in water. NatureCur, SLS-CA (Sodium lauryl sulfate-citric acid), and formulations of 3.5% thymol (Dominator and Promax) immobilized 45 to 70% of the nematodes, but mobility was restored by subsequent incubation in water. Sincocin, castor oil, and LCF (liquid compost factor) showed no activity. In greenhouse experiments, diluted products were applied as soil drenches at two or four week intervals, starting when strawberries were planted in soil infested with 1 P. penetrans/g soil, or four weeks after planting. Plant growth and nematode population densities were evaluated 16 and 20 weeks after planting in separate experiments. Applications that started at planting were more effective than those started four weeks after planting once nematodes had entered the roots. DiTera at 1380 mg/L and SLS-CA at 2857 µl/L applied at planting provided significant nematode suppression. However, SLS-CA stunted plant growth. No biological product was as effective as fenamiphos. Data suggest that multiple applications synchronized with host and nematode biology will be necessary to maintain efficacious concentrations of these biological products in agricultural soils.