gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spring 2008 Industry Study: Financial Services Industry (2008)

Abstract : The extensive media coverage of the 2008 subprime crisis, both domestically and abroad, drives home the crucial role that the financial services industry plays for not only individual Americans, but for U.S. national security. This is recognized in the 2006 U.S. National Security Strategy that designates as a priority the pressing for open markets, financial stability, and deeper integration of the world economy. This tenet of the National Security Strategy recognizes there is a direct link between our financial services industry and the nation's ability to engage across the globe in every area of national power to include military force projection, international diplomatic activities, economic aid, and humanitarian aid. Because of this correlation, any threat to the vitality, stability and confidence of the financial services industry ultimately affects U.S. national security. This assessment concludes that the U.S. financial services industry is not an industry in permanent decline. Though currently mired in a financial cycle downturn, the financial services industry will recover as the U.S. government takes action to preserve this tenet of our national security. This process should follow the Treasury Secretary's proposed Blueprint for a Modernized Financial Regulatory Structure as the way ahead for restructuring the government's regulatory oversight. Such an innovative and proactive approach will lead the U.S. financial services industry to recovery, restore confidence in the financial sector, and maintain a key component of U.S. national security.
Extending applications using an advanced approach to DLL injection and API hooking (2010)

Abstract When programmers need to modify third‐party applications, they frequently do not have access to their source code. In such cases, DLL injection and API hooking are techniques that can be used to modify applications without intervening into their source code. The commonly used varieties of injection and hooking approaches have many practical limitations: they are inconvenient for a programmer to implement, do not work reliably in conjunction with all applications and with certain low‐level machine instructions. In this paper we present two novel approaches to DLL injection and API hooking, which we call Debugger‐aided DLL injection and Single Instruction Hooking . Our approaches overcome the limitations of the state‐of‐the art approaches. Despite incurring greater execution times, our approach allows extending of the applications in situations where the comparable approaches fail. As such, it has a notable practical value for beneficial practical applications of injection and hooking approaches, which are present in malware detection programs and computer security tools. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Intercalation chemistry of layered double hydroxides: recent developments and applications (2002)

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been investigated for many years as host materials for a range of anion exchange intercalation reactions. In this role they have been used extensively as ion-exchange materials, catalysts, sorbents and halogen absorbers. More recently, there have been a tremendous number of new developments using these materials to store and deliver biologically active materials in vivo. Significant advances have been made recently on the characterisation of these materials, including structural studies and on the mechanism of intercalation using in situ techniques.
Perylene Diimide-Based Fluorescent and Colorimetric Sensors for Environmental Detection (2020)

Perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) and its derivatives exhibit excellent thermal, chemical and optical stability, strong electron affinity, strong visible-light absorption and unique fluorescence on/off features. The combination of these features makes PDIs ideal molecular frameworks for development in a broad range of sensors for detecting environmental pollutants such as heavy metal ions (e.g., Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Pd<sup>2+</sup>, etc.), inorganic anions (e.g., F<sup>-</sup>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, etc.), as well as poisonous organic compounds such as nitriles, amines, nitroaromatics, benzene homologues, etc. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advance in research and development of PDI-based fluorescent sensors, as well as related colorimetric and multi-mode sensor systems, for environmental detection in aqueous, organic or mixed solutions. The molecular design of PDIs and structural optimization of the sensor system (regarding both sensitivity and selectivity) in response to varying analytes are discussed in detail. At the end, a perspective summary is provided covering both the key challenges and potential solutions for the future development of PDI-based optical sensors.
Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Autoimmune Diseases (2018)

Since the discovery of HLA 60 years ago, it has contributed to the understanding of the immune system as well as of the pathogenesis of several diseases. Aside from its essential role in determining donor-recipient immune compatibility in organ transplantation, HLA genotyping is meanwhile performed routinely as part of the diagnostic work-up of certain autoimmune diseases. Considering the ability of HLA to influence thymic selection as well as peripheral anergy of T cells, its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity is understandable. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behçet's disease as well as HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in celiac disease and HLA-DRB1 in rheumatoid arthritis and to discuss possible future implications.
Parallel Blue‐noise Sampling by Constrained Farthest Point Optimization (2012)

Abstract We describe a fast sampling algorithm for generating uniformly‐distributed point patterns with good blue noise characteristics. The method, based on constrained farthest point optimization, is provably optimal and may be easily parallelized, resulting in an algorithm whose performance/quality tradeoff is superior to other state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
A 200 MHz 1.2 W 1.4 GFLOPS microprocessor with graphic operation unit (2002)

This 200 MHz CMOS 2-issue superscalar microprocessor is redesigned with a 0.25 /spl mu/m 5-metal-layers CMOS process (L/sub eff/=0.20 /spl mu/m). In this chip 3.2M transistors are implemented in a 7.6/spl times/7.6 mm/sup 2/ die. This chip for low-cost graphic, embedded applications achieves 1.4 GFLOPS at 200 MHz with low-power consumption. This chip integrates CPU, FPU, 8 kB direct-mapped instruction cache (IC), 16 kB direct-mapped data cache (DC), MMU (64-entry unified TLB and 4-entry ITLB), bus interface logic, and six peripherals which are DMAC, timer unit (TMU), real time clock (RTC), serial comm. interface (SCI), interrupt controller (INTC), and emulation/debug unit (EMU). The bus interface provides glueless connections to SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, burst-ROM, and PCMCIA, bus operation includes 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64b bus widths.
改良的“Y”型瓣准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术 (2006)

目的比较常规准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（laser subepithelial keratomileusis，LASEK）与改良的“Y”型上皮辩的LASEK在近视矫正中的临床结果。方法50例近视患者（100眼）均匀分为两组。组1常规使用20％乙醇20s后制成一个完整的上皮辩，并分离至上方角膜缘，激光切削后将上皮辩复位至切削区。组2角膜上皮也使用20％乙醇相同时间后制成三个角膜辩，其中心点即“Y”字的中心，位于瞳孔缘的上方，三个上皮辩的切缝向角膜周边延伸，直径约达8mm，然后分别将三个角膜辩分离至角膜周边，完整地暴露约8mm直径的角膜床，激光切削后将上皮辩复位，接缝呈“Y”型。两组术毕均使用绷带型角膜接触镜（Acuvue 2，美国强生公司），并滴眼药水3d。评估两种LASEK的辩完整性、制辩所需时间、眼部刺激反应（角膜缘充血和角膜水肿反应）、舒适度的主观评分（从差到很好记为0至5分）及术后3个月时的裸眼视力（Log MAR记录法）。结果制辩所需时间，组1平均为（5．36±1．18）min，组2为（2．89±0．46）min。组1有88％获得完整的角膜辩，而组2有94％为完整辩。两组术后角膜反应轻微，均在5周内完全消失。舒适度的主观评分两组差异无显著性（1周时组1为3．1±0．69，组2为3．2±0．64；3个月时组1为4．3±0．66，而组2为4．3±0．63）。裸眼视力两组差异也无显著性（1周时组1为0．21±0．13，组2为0．22±0．12；3个月时组1为0．01±0．06，而组2为0．01±0．06）。两组术后裸眼视力均在术后3个月时达到术前最佳矫正视力。结论“Y”型IASEK与常规LASEK比较，更易制瓣，成功率更高，并且不影响手术的视觉效果。
Developmental regulation of ribosomal protein L16 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana (1995)

Lateral roots can be synchronously induced in Arabidopsis by a brief auxin treatment. An early event in the development of a lateral root primordium is the accumulation of mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins. In situ hybridizations show that mRNA encoding one ribosomal protein, L16, accumulates in all rapidly proliferating tissues including the shoot and root apical meristems and lateral root primordia. To understand further the mechanisms by which ribosomal proteins are coordinately synthesized, two genes encoding the ribosomal protein L16 were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. Promoter sequences from each RPL16A and RPL16B were fused to the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene GUS. The promoter of RPL16B(from -848 to -19) conferred X-Gluc staining in proliferating tissues including the shoot and root apical meristems. When GUS was expressed from the RPL16A promoter (from -875 to -22), X-Gluc staining was observed in cells in the root stele and in anthers. When seedlings transformed with either promoter construct were treated with auxin to induce lateral roots, X-Gluc staining accumulated in the lateral root primordia by 16 h after induction. Transcription of the RPL16B promoter appears to be correlated with cell division, while transcription of the RPL16A promoter is very cell specific. Expression of two genes encoding L16 during the early phase of lateral root initiation and in developing pollen may serve to increase levels of ribosomal proteins during the rapid growth of these tissues.
Clinical evaluation of the longevity and durability of an impressionless intraoral appliance (iNterra) system. (2009)

Overall, the evaluators agreed that the impressionless system offered procedural efficiency advantages, was clinically viable, and should be a valuable option to practitioners considering appliance therapy to control parafunctional behavior.
Serum and Bile Markers for Cholangiocarcinoma (2004)

Surgery remains the only curative treatment option for cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Currently, both early identification of CC in affected individuals at high risk and accurate diagnosis of unexplained biliary strictures are problematic. However, growing insights into biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying biliary carcinogenesis have suggested serum and bile markers for the diagnosis of CC. These tools include tumor antigens or products (e.g., carbohydrate antigen [CA] 19-9), cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6), metabolic products (e.g., lactate), proteases (e.g., trypsinogen-2), regulatory peptides (e.g., pancreatic polypeptide), and (epi-)genetic lesions (e.g., K- ras and p53 mutations, p16 (INK4a) or p14 (ARF) promoter hypermethylation). In this article we discuss these new potential tumor markers for the diagnosis of CC.
The many faces of lesson study and learning study (2017)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the contributions to the current issue. Design/methodology/approach The paper is intended to stimulate a discussion about the nature of lesson study (LS), its use in initial teacher education (ITE) and the role of learning theory in the design of the research lesson. Findings The term LS was first used to describe a Japanese LS. It was seen as career-long teacher-initiated collaborative professional development through which teachers researched lesson designs to teach problem-solving and develop independent thinking skills in their students. As it has been adopted across the world, it has been adapted. This raises questions about the form and effect of LS in its various forms, about the role of learning theory in the design of research lessons and about the appropriateness of introducing LS in programmes of ITE. Originality/value This editorial review provides an overview of the insights and issues identified by the authors in this issue of the journal.
Ethical Business and New Roles of Leadership: The case of collaborative networks and future research on virtuality (2011)

The importance of networks supporting collaboration between legally independent business partners is increasing. This is partly due to on specialization focused business strategies and the effects of globalization. Often these collaborative networks are submitted to web-based services linked through service oriented architecture (SOA) to individual firms’ ERP environment. However, when looking at Western Europe, integration of business activities is still challenged by a blockade of traditional business patterns. Participants in collaborative networks have to cross bridges to break with traditional business patterns. Virtues in business such as: transparency, trustworthiness, and action orientation are considered as constraints. Traditional business cherishes illusion about price, capacity and firms’ business standards. To implement change and transparent business settings ethical leadership is required.
Abstract 21080: Future Development of Fibroatheromas Can be Predicted by NIRS: Insights From the DM/HC Pig Model. (2010)

Introduction: Fibroatheromas are the pathologic cause of acute coronary syndromes and ischemic sudden death. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) detects lipid concentration in the arterial wall and I...
Gradient-index objectives for CD applications (1987)

The application of gradient-index (GRIN) lenses in an optical scanning system (e.g., a Compact Disc player) is investigated. The type of lens considered varies from simple rod lenses to plano-convex and convex-convex lenses. The field performance of the lenses and the relations between their thickness, surface curvature, base index, and index profile are given.
Membrane guanylate cyclase, a multimodal transduction machine: history, present, and future directions (2014)

A sequel to these authors' earlier comprehensive reviews which covered the field of mammalian membrane guanylate cyclase (MGC) from its origin to the year 2010, this article contains 13 sections. The first is historical and covers MGC from the year 1963-1987, summarizing its colorful developmental stages from its passionate pursuit to its consolidation. The second deals with the establishment of its biochemical identity. MGC becomes the transducer of a hormonal signal and founder of the peptide hormone receptor family, and creates the notion that hormone signal transduction is its sole physiological function. The third defines its expansion. The discovery of ROS-GC subfamily is made and it links ROS-GC with the physiology of phototransduction. Sections ROS-GC, a Ca(2+)-Modulated Two Component Transduction System to Migration Patterns and Translations of the GCAP Signals Into Production of Cyclic GMP are Different cover its biochemistry and physiology. The noteworthy events are that augmented by GCAPs, ROS-GC proves to be a transducer of the free Ca(2+) signals generated within neurons; ROS-GC becomes a two-component transduction system and establishes itself as a source of cyclic GMP, the second messenger of phototransduction. Section ROS-GC1 Gene Linked Retinal Dystrophies demonstrates how this knowledge begins to be translated into the diagnosis and providing the molecular definition of retinal dystrophies. Section Controlled By Low and High Levels of [Ca(2+)]i, ROS-GC1 is a Bimodal Transduction Switch discusses a striking property of ROS-GC where it becomes a "[Ca(2+)]i bimodal switch" and transcends its signaling role in other neural processes. In this course, discovery of the first CD-GCAP (Ca(2+)-dependent guanylate cyclase activator), the S100B protein, is made. It extends the role of the ROS-GC transduction system beyond the phototransduction to the signaling processes in the synapse region between photoreceptor and cone ON-bipolar cells; in section Ca(2+)-Modulated Neurocalcin δ ROS-GC1 Transduction System Exists in the Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL) of the Retinal Neurons, discovery of another CD-GCAP, NCδ, is made and its linkage with signaling of the inner plexiform layer neurons is established. Section ROS-GC Linkage With Other Than Vision-Linked Neurons discusses linkage of the ROS-GC transduction system with other sensory transduction processes: Pineal gland, Olfaction and Gustation. In the next, section Evolution of a General Ca(2+)-Interlocked ROS-GC Signal Transduction Concept in Sensory and Sensory-Linked Neurons, a theoretical concept is proposed where "Ca(2+)-interlocked ROS-GC signal transduction" machinery becomes a common signaling component of the sensory and sensory-linked neurons. Closure to the review is brought by the conclusion and future directions.
Off-shelf portion of Harris delta: Reexamination of downdip Woodbine-Eagle Ford (1989)

This study related the Eagle Ford equivalent Harris delta north of the Stuart City shelf edge with downdip Woodbine-Eagle Ford section south of that shelf edge. Together, they comprised one large deltaic complex that divided into two major lobes at an avulsion site near Anderson County, Texas. One lobe prograded southwestward toward Kurten field in Brazos County, the other (now partly eroded) prograded southeastward beside the low-lying Sabine (uplift) landmass into Polk County. The Polk County lobe crossed the Stuart City shelf edge in the Seven Oaks-Hortense field area, and continued to prograde southward into deeper and higher energy water. Such an environment caused this off-shelf Harris delta to oversteepen, resulting in frequent slumps and gravity flows that deposited debris-flow and turbidite sands along with predominantly fine-grained prodelta sediments. More familiar deltaic facies (outer fringe) are present in the uppermost section. Numerous structural and stratigraphic maps and cross sections illustrate the progradation of the downdip Harris delta and its features. The progradation was arrested for a time by deeper water at the older and more precipitous Sligo shelf edge. This progradational hiatus is recorded by a relatively strong reflection that separates two seismic sequences. The younger onlapping sequence appears tomore » represent continued Harris delta sedimentation. among the interesting features mapped seismically and/or geologically are: mounded reflections that represent the largest slumping events, thickness anomalies associated with the carbonate substrate, and erosional( ) channels at the section top. These off-shelf Harris delta deposits appear to interfinger laterally with a genetically different eastern (Tuscaloosa ) sequence in Tyler and Jasper Counties.« less
Use of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography to Guide Management of Patients With Coronary Disease (2016)

In patients with suspected angina due to coronary heart disease, CCTA leads to more appropriate use of invasive angiography and alterations in preventive therapies that were associated with a halving of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction. (Scottish COmputed Tomography of the HEART Trial [SCOT-HEART]; NCT01149590).
A Two-Stage Generative Adversarial Networks With Semantic Content Constraints for Adversarial Example Generation (2020)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in various applications due to their strong expressive power. However, recent studies have shown that DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples, and these manipulated instances can mislead DNN into making false predictions. The existing methods of generating adversarial examples include pixel-level perturbation or spatial transformation of images, which cannot consider concurrently with the semantic quality of adversarial examples or success rate of attack. These methods are computationally bulky and slow to generate the adversarial examples. To solve this kind of issue, a two-stage generative adversarial networks (TSGAN) with semantic content constraints is proposed in this paper. The first-stage uses the original example dataset to train generator G, which can help the generator learn the distribution of real examples. Then, the example semantic quality constraint loss function, the adversarial loss function and the distance loss function are adopted in the second-stage, so that the generator G can continue to learn to search the distribution of the adversarial examples, and train the new generator G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">adv</sub> . The adversarial examples generated by generator G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">adv</sub> are better fit the distribution of real examples, and have targeted black-box attack capability. The experiments show that the adversarial examples generated by TSGAN can achieve the success rate of attack at 98.40% in target model, 29.40% success rate in defense-oriented model. And 77.58% success rate is obtained in the transfer test attack. The results show that the adversarial examples generated by the proposed model, which has a highly attack success rate and more difficult to defense. Meanwhile, the improved adversarial examples have stronger transfer ability than the existing models. The proposed model can effectively reduce the expression of target category features of the adversarial examples, and the generated adversarial examples have better semantic quality than others.
ChemInform Abstract: HIGHLY REGIO‐ AND STEREOSELECTIVE 1,4‐ADDITION REACTION OF β‐CYCLOPROPYL‐α,β‐ENONES WITH ORGANOCOPPER(I)‐ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE (1983)

Abstract Die Organokupfer‐Aluminium; trichlorid‐Komplexe (II) reagieren mit Cyclopropyl‐substituierten Michaelsystemen (I), (IV) und (VI) unter 1,4‐Addition zu den Cyclopropylketonen (III), (V) und (VII).
Specialized sperm function tests in varicocele and the future of andrology laboratory (2015)

Varicocele is a common medical condition entangled with many controversies. Though it is highly prevalent in men with infertility, still it marks its presence in males who do have normal fertility. Determining which patients are negatively affected by varicocele would enable clinicians to better select those men who benefitted the most from surgery. Since conventional semen analysis has been limited in its ability to evaluate the negative effects of varicocele on fertility, a multitude of specialized laboratory tests have emerged. In this review, we examine the role and significance of specialized sperm function tests with regards to varicocele. Among the various tests, analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation and measurements of oxidative stress markers provide an independent measure of fertility in men with varicocele. These diagnostic modalities have both diagnostic and prognostic information complementary to, but distinct from conventional sperm parameters. Test results can guide management and aid in monitoring intervention outcomes. Proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics are areas; though still developing, holding promise to revolutionize our understanding of reproductive physiology, including varicocele.
Kinetic rate assay of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase with 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as substrate. (1988)

In this new procedure for determining the activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30; NAG) in urine, a new synthetic substrate, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is used. No sample blank is required because the activity is determined kinetically. Very high precision is possible, with CVs of less than 3.8% both within-run and between-run. Glucose, ascorbic acid, bilirubin, bromosulfonphthalein, and phenosulfonphthalein do not interfere. The reference interval (mean +/- 2 SD) for healthy subjects was 1.9-11.1 U per gram of creatinine. NAG activity can be determined over a wide range (2-500 U/L) with high sensitivity. The method is suitable for use with various automated analyzers, and it should be useful for screening for renal diseases.
PPZ 12: Masters Cont[inue]d (1995)

Tabe label reads: "@ 30:00 Teresa/Rappin' Raw Vocals Safety." Tape contains eight tracks (migrated from ADAT to an 8-track WAV file) recorded by Team Fat on ADAT tape for the game "Putt-Putt Saves the Zoo."