gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Re‐evaluation of the Tumour‐Node‐Metastasis staging of locally advanced renal cortical tumours: absolute size (T2) is more significant than renal capsular invasion (T3a) (2004)

Patients with T3aN0M0 tumours appear to have better disease-free and disease-specific survival than those with T2N0M0 disease, which suggests that tumour invasion through the renal capsule is not as significant as the absolute tumour size.
Repetitive Nocturnal Arterial Oxygen Desaturation and Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Patients Presenting for Vascular Surgery (1993)

Repetitive nocturnal cyclic arterial desaturation and cyclic increases in heart rate are associated with nocturnal myocardial ischemia in individuals with clinical risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Further investigation in a large patient sample utilizing non-invasive monitoring of saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure may provide definitive evidence regarding causation of some of the nocturnal myocardial ischemia occurring in older individuals with vascular disease.
Increase of RP105-lacking activated B cells in the peripheral blood and salivary glands in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. (2008)

RP105-negative B cells, a subset of highly activated and well differentiated B cells, which are increased in number in the peripheral blood and extensively infiltrate salivary glands, may be responsible for the production of class-switched immunoglobulin in SS. In addition, those cells might be associated with the inflammation and tissue damage of the salivary glands.
Modification of Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counters for the Enhanced Detection of 1 nm Condensation Nuclei (2011)

This paper describes simple modifications to thermally diffusive laminar flow ultrafine condensation particle counters (UCPCs) that allow detection of ∼1 nm condensation nuclei with much higher efficiencies than have been previously reported. These non-destructive modifications were applied to a commercial butanol-based UCPC (TSI 3025A) and to a diethylene glycol-based UCPC (UMN DEG-UCPC). Size and charge dependent detection efficiencies using the modified UCPCs (BNL 3025A and BNL DEG-UCPC) were measured with high resolution mobility classified aerosols composed of NaCl, W, molecular ion standards of tetra-alkyl ammonium bromide, and neutralizer-generated ions. With negatively charged NaCl aerosol, the BNL 3025A and BNL DEG-UCPC achieved detection efficiencies of 37% (90× increase over TSI 3025A) at 1.68 nm mobility diameter (1.39 nm geometric diameter) and 23% (8× increase over UMN DEG-UCPC) at 1.19 nm mobility diameter (0.89 nm geometric diameter), respectively. Operating conditions for both UCPCs were identified that allowed negatively charged NaCl and W particles, but not negative ions of exactly the same mobility size, to be efficiently detected. This serendipitous material dependence, which is not fundamentally understood, suggests that vapor condensation might sometimes allow for the discrimination between air "ions" and charged "particles." As a detector in a scanning mobility particle spectrometer (SMPS), a UCPC with this strong material dependence would allow for more accurate measurements of sub-2 nm aerosol size distributions due to the reduced interference from neutralizer-generated ions and atmospheric ions, and provide increased sensitivity for the determination of nucleation rates and initial particle growth rates. Copyright 2012 American Association for Aerosol Research
QUASILOCAL QUARK MODELS AS EFFECTIVE THEORY OF NON-PERTURBATIVE QCD (2005)

We consider the Quasilocal Quark Model of NJL type (QNJLM) as an effective theory of non-perturbative QCD including scalar (S), pseudoscalar (P), vector (V) and axial-vector (A) four-fermion interaction with derivatives. In the presence of a strong attraction in the scalar channel the chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken and as a consequence the composite meson states are generated in all channels. With the help of Operator Product Expansion the appropriate set of Chiral Symmetry Restoration (CSR) Sum Rules in these channels are imposed as matching conditions to QCD at intermediate energies. The mass spectrum and some decay constants for ground and excited meson states are calculated.
Measuring the Wavefront Distortion of a Microlens Array Using an Index Matching Liquid (2006)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. Purcell, A. Suratkar, A. Davies, and F. Farahi, "Measuring the Wavefront Distortion of a Microlens Array Using an Index Matching Liquid," in Frontiers in Optics, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper OFMD2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Focused ion beam induced deposition: a review (1991)

Focused ion beam induced deposition complements the process of material removal by focused ion beam milling. Together, these two techniques are being used commercially for photomask repair and for repair or restructuring of integrated circuits and are being developed for the repair of x-ray lithography masks. This microsurgery of masks and circuits can be carried out with a precision determined by the minimum diameters of the ion beams which are now approaching 0.05 micrometers . In ion-induced deposition, a local gas ambient in the millitorr range is created on the surface around the point of ion incidence, usually by aiming a miniature gas nozzle at the surface. Incident ions break up the gas molecules that are adsorbed on the surface. The precursor gas is usually an organometallic or a metal halide. Deposits of W, Au, Al, Cr, Ta, and Pt have been produced. Often these deposits have high concentrations of impurities, particularly carbon if organometallics are used, and sometimes also oxygen. The resistivities of the 'metal' films fall in the 70-1000 (mu) $OMEGAcm range that one would expect for pure metals. Nevertheless, even at these resistivities, useful conducting connections can be made for integrated circuit repair. Under special circumstances resistivities approaching the pure metal values have also been demonstrated. For x-ray mask repair, high aspect ratio (e.g., 0.25 micrometers wide by 0.4 to 0.7 micrometers high) deposits of a high-Z material such as Au, W, or Pt are needed. The considerable body of experience in this field is revealed, and the theoretical models of the process are examined.
An Exploration of Communicating with Textspeak - A Social Presence Perspective (2013)

With proliferous usage in CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication), textspeak (such as c u means see you) has become common words appears in email, SMS, IM, Blog and Twitter. Little research has explored how textspeak affects people's intimacy when interacting through CMC tools. Thus, this study investigates whether social presence carried by textspeak affects people's interaction. The results indicate that social presence is positively related to social interaction, which implies that people feel more intimate and the existence of others by using textspeak. The discussions and future directions are discussed.
How ATP-Competitive Inhibitors Allosterically Modulate Tyrosine Kinases That Contain a Src-like Regulatory Architecture (2020)

&lt;p&gt;Small molecule kinase inhibitors that stabilize distinct ATP-binding site conformations can differentially modulate the glob-al conformation of Src-family kinases (SFKs). However, it is unclear which specific ATP-binding site contacts are responsible for modulating the global conformation of SFKs and whether these inhibitor-mediated allosteric effects are general to other tyrosine kinases. Here, we describe the development of chemical probes that allow us to deconvolute which features in the ATP-binding site are responsible for the allosteric modulation of the global conformation of Src. We find that the ability of an inhibitor to modulate the global conformation of Src’s regulatory domain-catalytic domain module relies mainly on the influence it has on the conformation of a structural element called helix aC. Furthermore, by developing a set of orthogonal probes that target a drug-sensitized Src variant, we show that stabilizing Src’s helix aC in an active conformation is sufficient to promote a Src-mediated, phosphotransferase-independent alteration in cell morphology. Finally, we report that ATP-competitive, conformation-selective inhibitors can influence the global conformation of tyrosine kinases beyond the SFKs, suggesting that the allosteric networks we observe in Src are conserved in kinases that have a similar regulatory architecture. Taken together, our study highlights that an ATP-competitive inhibitor’s interactions with helix aC can have a major influence on the global conformation of some tyrosine kinases in vitro and in cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Urban Forestry in der Schweiz: fünf Herausforderungen für Wissenschaft und Praxis (Essay) (2017)

Urban forestry in Switzerland: five challenges for science and practice (essay) The debate on urban forestry has reached Switzerland. Urban forestry covers different activities in science, practice and society dealing with trees, forest and green spaces in cities and suberbs. What exactly “urban forestry” as a term and concept can and is expected to contribute is unclear at the moment, though. So, in this article we first sketch out the state of the debate on urban forestry. Subsequently, we propose five challenges science and practice are facing from our point of view: 1) developing and implementing integrative, cross-sectoral strategies for urban green space, 2) ensuring long-sighted ecosystem management, 3) improving the coherence of instruments and programs, 4) enabling dialogue and participation, 5) assuring financing by establishing new partnerships.
IRSp53 shapes the plasma membrane and controls polarized transport at the nascent lumen during epithelial morphogenesis (2019)

Abstract Establishment of apical–basal cell polarity is necessary for generation of luminal and tubular structures during epithelial morphogenesis. Molecules acting at the membrane/ actin interface are expected to be crucial in governing these processes. Here, we show that the I-BAR-containing IRSp53 protein is restricted to the luminal side of epithelial cells of various glandular organs, and is specifically enriched in renal tubules in human, mice, and zebrafish. Using three-dimensional cultures of renal MDCK and intestinal Caco-2 cysts, we show that IRSp53 is recruited early after the first cell division along the forming apical lumen, and is essential for formation of a single lumen and for positioning of the polarity determinants aPKC and podocalyxin. Molecularly, IRSp53 directly binds to and controls localization of the inactive form of the small GTPase RAB35, a tethering factor for apical determinants. The interaction of IRSp53 with the actin capping protein EPS8 is critical for restricting IRSp53 localization. Correlative light and electron microscopy shows that IRSp53 loss perturbs the shape and continuity of the opposing apical membrane during the initial phase of lumenogenesis, which leads to preservation of multiple cytoplasmic bridges that interrupt the continuity of the nascent lumen. At the organism level, genetic removal of IRSp53 results in abnormal renal tubulogenesis, with defects in tubular polarity and architectural organization in both IRSp53 zebrafish mutant lines and IRSp53-KO murine models. Thus, IRSp53 acts as a platform for spatiotemporal regulation of assembly of the multi-protein complexes that shape the luminal membrane during the early steps of epithelial lumen morphogenesis.
Acute Interstitial Nephritis due to Nicergoline (Sermion<sup>®</sup>) (2002)

We report a case of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) due to nicergoline (Sermion). A 50-year-old patient admitted to our hospital for fever and acute renal failure. Before admission, he had been taking nicergoline and bendazac lysine due to retinal vein occlusion at ophthalmologic department. Thereafter, he experienced intermittent fever and skin rash. On admission, clinical symptoms (i.e. arthralgia and fever) and laboratory findings (i.e. eosinophilia and renal failure) suggested AIN, and which was confirmed by pathologic findings on renal biopsy. A lymphocyte transformation test demonstrated a positive result against nicergoline. Treatment was consisted of withdrawal of nicergoline and intravenous methylprednisolone, and his renal function was completely recovered. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nicergoline-associated AIN.
Pacemaker Concepts and Terminology (1971)

Since the introduction of implantable cardiac pacing systems there have been marked advances in concept and design of the equipment available. Whereas intracardiac pacing is usually identified with A-V conduction disturbances, recently gained knowledge of cardiac physiology has shown that electrical stimulation of the heart can be beneficial in the treatment of many arrhythmias. It is important that the physician familiarize himself with the different modalities of pacing. The terminology used to describe the different concepts must be clear and precise so the physician can select the proper pacemaker concept for his patient without ambiguity.
Cross-Domain Synthetic-to-Real In-the-Wild Depth and Normal Estimation for 3D Scene Understanding (2022)

We present a cross-domain inference technique that learns from synthetic data to estimate depth and normals for in-the-wild omnidirectional 3D scenes encountered in real-world uncontrolled settings. To this end, we introduce UBotNet, an architecture that combines UNet and Bottleneck Transformer elements to predict consistent scene normals and depth. We also introduce the OmniHorizon synthetic dataset containing 24,335 omnidirectional images that represent a wide variety of outdoor environments, including buildings, streets, and diverse vegetation. This dataset is generated from expansive, lifelike virtual spaces and encompasses dynamic scene elements, such as changing lighting conditions, different times of day, pedestrians, and vehicles. Our experiments show that UBotNet achieves significantly improved accuracy in depth estimation and normal estimation compared to existing models. Lastly, we validate cross-domain synthetic-to-real depth and normal estimation on real outdoor images using UBotNet trained solely on our synthetic OmniHorizon dataset, demonstrating the potential of both the synthetic dataset and the proposed network for real-world scene understanding applications.
Modeling and simulation of automatic train operation system based on self-regulating fuzzy algorithm (2011)

Accurate velocity and position tracking are the main tasks of automatic train operation (ATO) systems, accompanied by other concerned issues, such as the comfort of passenger, energy saving, etc.. A novel train dynamic model is established, which can mirror the dynamic characteristic better than that of single-mass model, and less computational amount than that of multi-mass model simultaneously. Following a fuzzy-logic controller incorporating self-regulating algorithm is designed and implemented. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved by numerical simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Methylenecyclopropene Synthesis and the Isolation of a Novel Methylenecyclopropene Dimer. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
5-Amino-8-(1-aminoethylidene)-8H-tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-7-one dihydrate (2003)

The title compound, C7H8N6O·2H2O, contains a tetrazole ring fused to a substituted pyridone ring. Bond lengths correspond to delocalized π electrons in the tetrazole moiety and a push–pull effect in the pyridone ring. An extended network of hydrogen bonds connects the mol­ecules in planes parallel to the bc plane, while the water mol­ecules form chains parallel to the a axis.
Mechanistic Interpretation of an Observed Fission-Rate Dependence of Low-Temperature Swelling of Irradiated Uranium Silicide Dispersion Fuels (1992)

Recent experimental observations on low-temperature swelling of irradiated uranium silicide dispersion fuels have indicated that the growth of fission gas bubbles appears to be affected by fission rate. The swelling curve of the material exhibits a distinct “knee” that shifts to higher fission density with increased fission rate due to higher enrichments. Current state-of-the-art models for fission gas behavior do not predict such a dependence. Indirect evidence from various experiments leads the authors to speculate that a dense network of subgrain boundaries forms at a dose corresponding to the “knee” in the swelling curve; fission gas bubbles nucleate at the boundaries and then grow at an accelerated rate relative to that in the bulk material. Compositional changes induced by the burnup of uranium could provide a basis for the formation of relatively small-grained crystals. In this paper, an alternative formulation is presented wherein the stored energy in the material is concentrated in a network of “recrystallization“ sites that diminish with dose due to interaction with radiation-produced defects (vacancy-impurity pairs). Recrystallization is induced when the energy per site is high enough that the creation of grain boundary surfaces is offset by the creation of strain-free volumes with a resultant net decrease in the free energy of the material. This formulation is shown to provide a reasonable interpretation of the observed phenomena.
Fast Industrial Inspection of Optical Thin Film Using Optical Coherence Tomography (2016)

An application of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was demonstrated for a fast industrial inspection of an optical thin film panel. An optical thin film sample similar to a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel was examined. Two identical SD-OCT systems were utilized for parallel scanning of a complete sample in half time. Dual OCT inspection heads were utilized for transverse (fast) scanning, while a stable linear motorized translational stage was used for lateral (slow) scanning. The cross-sectional and volumetric images of an optical thin film sample were acquired to detect the defects in glass and other layers that are difficult to observe using visual inspection methods. The rapid inspection enabled by this setup led to the early detection of product defects on the manufacturing line, resulting in a significant improvement in the quality assurance of industrial products.
Anticancer Activities of the Quinone-Methide Triterpenes Maytenin and 22-β-hydroxymaytenin Obtained from Cultivated Maytenus ilicifolia Roots Associated with Down-Regulation of miRNA-27a and miR-20a/miR-17-5p (2020)

Natural triterpenes exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Since this group of secondary metabolites is structurally diverse, effects may vary due to distinct biochemical interactions within biological systems. In this work, we investigated the anticancer-related activities of the quinone-methide triterpene maytenin and its derivative compound 22-β-hydroxymaytenin, obtained from <i>Maytenus ilicifolia</i> roots cultivated in vitro. Their antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities were evaluated in monolayer and three-dimensional cultures of immortalized cell lines. Additionally, we investigated the toxicity of maytenin in SCID mice harboring tumors derived from a squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Both isolated molecules presented pronounced pro-apoptotic activities in four cell lines derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, including a metastasis-derived cell line. The molecules also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and down-regulated microRNA-27a and microRNA-20a/miR-17-5p, corroborating with the literature data for triterpenoids. Intraperitoneal administration of maytenin to tumor-bearing mice did not lead to pronounced histopathological changes in kidney tissue, suggesting low nephrotoxicity. The wide-ranging activity of maytenin and 22-β-hydroxymaytenin in head and neck cancer cells indicates that these molecules should be further explored in plant biochemistry and biotechnology for therapeutic applications.
Adaptive detection for DS-CDMA (1998)

A review of adaptive detection techniques for direct-sequence code division multiple access (CDMA) signals is given. The goal is to improve CDMA system performance and capacity by reducing interference between users. The techniques considered are implementations of multiuser receivers, for which background material is given. Adaptive algorithms improve the feasibility of such receivers. Three main forms of receivers are considered. The minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver is described and its performance illustrated. Numerous adaptive algorithms can be used to implement the MMSE receiver, including blind techniques, which eliminate the need for training sequences. The adaptive decorrelator can be used to eliminate interference from known interferers, though it is prone to noise enhancement. Multistage and successive interference cancellation techniques reduce interference by cancellation of one detected signal from another. Practical problems and some open research topics are mentioned. These typically relate to the convergence rate and tracking performance of the adaptive algorithm.
An integrated assessment of histopathological changes of the enteric neuromuscular compartment in experimental colitis (2014)

Bowel inflammatory fibrosis has been largely investigated, but an integrated assessment of remodelling in inflamed colon is lacking. This study evaluated tissue and cellular changes occurring in colonic wall upon induction of colitis, with a focus on neuromuscular compartment. Colitis was elicited in rats by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS). After 6 and 21 days, the following parameters were assessed on paraffin sections from colonic samples: tissue injury and inflammatory infiltration by histology; collagen and elastic fibres by histochemistry; HuC/D, glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nestin, substance P (SP), von Willebrand factor, c-Kit and transmembrane 16A/Anoctamin1 (TMEM16A/ANO1) by immunohistochemistry. TMEM16A/ANO1 was also examined in isolated colonic smooth muscle cells (ICSMCs). On day 6, inflammatory alterations and fibrosis were present in DNBS-treated rats; colonic wall thickening and fibrotic remodelling were evident on day 21. Colitis was associated with both an increase in collagen fibres and a decrease in elastic fibres. Moreover, the neuromuscular compartment of inflamed colon displayed a significant decrease in neuron density and increase in GFAP/PCNA-positive glia of myenteric ganglia, enhanced expression of neural SP, blood vessel remodelling, reduced c-Kit- and TMEM16A/ANO1-positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), as well as an increase in TMEM16A/ANO1 expression in muscle tissues and ICSMCs. The present findings provide an integrated view of the inflammatory and fibrotic processes occurring in the colonic neuromuscular compartment of rats with DNBS-induced colitis. These morphological alterations may represent a suitable basis for understanding early pathophysiological events related to bowel inflammatory fibrosis.