gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Storage and retrieval of networked visual information (2000)

We present innovations in three storage and retrieval technologies that improve the accessibility of networked visual information. 
Part I. We present two image classification systems based on machine learning. Machine learning is the subfield of artificial intelligence concerned with programs that learn and improve from experience. The first system was originally developed for the indoor-outdoor classification of photographs. However, it can be applied to a wide variety of classification problems. The second system was developed for the detection of content images in World-Wide Web documents. We also present the case for integrating image classification systems by using probabilistic reasoning. The integrated system achieves significant improvements in classification performance compared to individual systems. 
Part II. We present description schemes for image, video and multimedia content, which were proposed for adoption in the MPEG-7 international standard. MPEG-7 has the objective of standardizing a framework for the compact, efficient, and interoperable description of image, video, audio and multimedia content. Interoperable descriptions will enhance existing multimedia applications and enable completely new ones. Based on the international MPEG-7 competition for technologies, the basic components of our description schemes have been selected for inclusion into MPEG-7. We demonstrate the utility of the proposed description schemes with respect to how they are used in several multimedia applications. 
Part III. Video servers allow multiple clients to connect via a network to interactively view streaming media. Streaming media refers to the video, audio and multimedia that can be accessed over a network without requiring a full download before playback. We present a scheme for the placement of constant bit rate video on an array of disks. The scheme maximizes the utilization of the disk system for videos that have a range of interactivity delay requirements, while achieving load balancing. We also present a disk retrieval schedule and associated resource reservation algorithm that maximizes the utilization of the disk system and memory resources in video servers supporting scalable variable bit rate video.
Development of electric field mixing (EFM) to realize rapid intraoperative immunohistochemical staining (2019)

We aim to develop innovative stirring technology (electric field mixing (EFM)) applied abrasive control technique with AC electric field. This technique allows for stirring without contact by applying AC electric field to droplets. This technique was applied to intraoperative immunohistochemical staining. Under EFM showed antigen-antibody reaction time in immunohistochemical staining can be shortened from 90 minutes of conventional method to 10 minutes. In this study, EFM examined the mechanism which makes antigen-antibody reaction of an immunohistochemical staining quicken. As a result, we obtained that it has the mechanism which a reaction time of an immunohistochemical staining is shorten because antigens and antibodies improve to increase the frequencies of contact, and further antibodies disperse and becomes easy to react to antigens under EFM. compared with conventional method.
Investigating causal relationships between sleep traits and risk of breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization study (2018)

Abstract Objective To examine whether sleep traits have a causal effect on risk of breast cancer. Design Multivariable regression, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomization. Setting The UK Biobank prospective cohort study and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) case-control genome-wide association study. Participants 156,848 women in the multivariable regression and one-sample Mendelian randomization analysis in UK Biobank (7,784 with a breast cancer diagnosis) and 122,977 breast cancer cases and 105,974 controls from BCAC in the two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Exposures Self-reported chronotype (morning/evening preference), insomnia symptoms and sleep duration in multivariable regression, and genetic variants robustly associated with these sleep traits. Main outcome measures Breast cancer (prevalent and incident cases in UK Biobank, prevalent cases only in BCAC). Results In multivariable regression analysis using data on breast cancer incidence in UK Biobank, morning preference was inversely associated with breast cancer (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93, 0.98 per category increase) while there was little evidence for an association with sleep duration and insomnia symptoms. Using 341 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with chronotype, 91 SNPs associated sleep duration and 57 SNPs associated with insomnia symptoms, one-sample MR analysis in UK Biobank provided some supportive evidence for a protective effect of morning preference on breast cancer risk (HR 0.85, 95% 0.70, 1.03 per category increase) but imprecise estimates for sleep duration and insomnia symptoms. Two-sample MR using data from BCAC supported findings for a protective effect of morning preference (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82, 0.93 per category increase) and adverse effect of increased sleep duration (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02, 1.39 per hour increase) on breast cancer (both estrogen receptor positive and negative), while there was inconsistent evidence for insomnia symptoms. Results were largely robust to sensitivity analyses accounting for horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions We found consistent evidence for a protective effect of morning preference and suggestive evidence for an adverse effect of sleep duration on breast cancer risk.
On the structure of platelet-derived growth factor AA: C-terminal processing, epitopes and characterization of cysteine residues (1991)

The complete amino acid sequence analysis of the "short" form of rPDGF-AA expressed in baby hamster kidney cells revealed the absence of posttranslationally modified amino acid. Approximately 50% of the proteins were shortened by two to three amino acid residues at the C-terminus. Trypsin treatment of BHK rPDGF-AA lead to the identification of two internal epitopes that correspond to the two previously described domains in rPDGF-BB [Vogel, S., & Hoppe, J. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 2961-2966]. Cysteine residues at positions 37, 46, 47, and 93, respectively, were converted by site-directed mutagenesis into serine residues, and the monomeric proteins were prepared through expression in Escherichia coli. None of the mutant proteins was able to dimerize, but all of them exhibited to various extents a reversible conformational change which may reflect an intermediate prefolded monomer. An intramolecular disulfide bridge between Cys-10 and Cys-91/93 was identified in these monomers. From a mixture of the mutant proteins 37 and 46, an active dimer was reconstituted, suggesting an intermolecular cysteine bridge between these two residues.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging in Breast Cancer Prognosis and Diagnosis (2015)

Breast cancer (BC) has the highest occurrence and mortality of all cancers that affect women with more than one million new cases each year across the globe. BC accounts for about one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths. Even though breast cancer is an aggressive and fatal disease, early detection and treatment can result in increased survival in more than three-quarters of diagnosed patients. In general, traditional diagnostic methods, such as ultrasonography and mammography, considerably increase t survival rates due to early disease detection. Although these traditional methods are useful, new strategies for early detection of breast cancer would likely reduce breast cancer mortality rates. Additional diagnostic imaging modalities, such as Computer Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and other types of scintigraphy techniques, have been used to identify the primary source of the cancer in metastatic cases, but none of these techniques is yet in routine clinical use. Among other imaging methodologies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) approaches are powerful tools for uncovering cancer biomarkers. In this review, we consider the current capabilities of magnetic resonance techniques in breast cancer research and highlight some milestones that are necessary to move early detection of breast cancer using such approaches into mainstream health care modalities.
Mathematical Models of Continuous Flow Electrophoresis (1985)

Development of high resolution continuous flow electrophoresis devices ultimately requires comprehensive understanding of the ways various phenomena and processes facilitate or hinder separation. A comprehensive model of the actual three dimensional flow, temperature and electric fields was developed to provide guidance in the design of electrophoresis chambers for specific tasks and means of interpreting test data on a given chamber. Part of the process of model development includes experimental and theoretical studies of hydrodynamic stability. This is necessary to understand the origin of mixing flows observed with wide gap gravitational effects. To insure that the model accurately reflects the flow field and particle motion requires extensive experimental work. Another part of the investigation is concerned with the behavior of concentrated sample suspensions with regard to sample stream stability particle-particle interactions which might affect separation in an electric field, especially at high field strengths. Mathematical models will be developed and tested to establish the roles of the various interactions.
Survey on model-based biped motion control for humanoid robots (2020)

Studies of biped control including standing, walking, hopping and running on humanoid robots are reviewed in this survey paper. Model-based approaches standing upon reduced-order dynamics are focused. It begins with revisiting the centroidal dynamics and the zero-moment point, which leads to the linear inverted pendulum (LIP) model and some of its variations. Then, some representative standing and walking control techniques based on the LIP model are reviewed, where the concept of capturability is also discussed. It is followed by consideration of height variation of the center of mass. Enhancement to hopping and running motions, which include aerial phases, is also addressed. Ideas to deal with complex nature as a hybrid system underlying discontinuously varying mechanics mainly due to unilateral constraints on contact forces are concisely explained.
An Overview of Adaptive Antenna Systems (2005)

The findings have implications for athletic performance in younger individuals as well as emphasizing the need for health education for young women to avoid skipping meals.
Electronic factors governing the direction of hydrogen migration in substituted isoindenes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic factors governing the direction of hydrogen migration in substituted isoindenesYves JeanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 5, 858–859Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01319a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01319a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exploiting Artificial Swarms for the Virtual Measurement of Backlash in Industrial Robots (2021)

The backlash is a lost motion in a mechanism created by gaps between its parts. It causes vibrations that increase over time and negatively affect accuracy and performance. The quickest and most precise way to measure the backlash is to use specific sensors, that have to be added to the standard equipment of the robot. However, this solution is little used in practice because raises the manufacturing costs. An alternative solution can be to exploit a virtual sensor, i.e., the information about phenomena that are not directly measured is reconstructed by signals from sensors used for other measurements.This work evaluates the use of bio-inspired swarm algorithms as the processing core of a virtual sensor for the backlash of a robotic joint. Swarm-based approaches, with their relatively modest occupation of memory and low computational load, could be ideal candidates to solve the problem. In this paper, we exploit four state-of-the-art swarm-based optimization algorithms: the Dragonfly Algorithm, the Ant Lion Optimizer, the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm, and the Grey Wolf Optimizer. The four candidate algorithms are compared on 20 different datasets covering a range of backlash values that reflect an industrial case scenario. Numerical results indicate that, unfortunately, none of the algorithms considered provides satisfactory solutions for the problem analyzed. Therefore, even if promising, these algorithms cannot represent the final choice for the problem of interest.
Spirochaetal lipoproteins and pathogenesis (2000)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Topological Classification and Supramolecular Chirality of 21‐Helical Ladder‐Type Hydrogen‐Bond Networks Composed of Primary Ammonium Carboxylates: Bundle Control in 21‐Helical Assemblies (2008)

The supramolecular chirality of 1D ladder-type hydrogen-bond networks composed of primary ammonium carboxylates was determined based on topological considerations. Chirality in such networks is based on the absolute configuration of the primary ammonium cation, which arises from discrimination between the two oxygen atoms of the carboxylate anion. The configurations of the cations and anions generate topological diversity in the networks, which are classified into six subgroups. In the Cambridge Structural Database, salts based on ladder type 1 constitute over 70 % of salts with a 1D-ladder-type network. Ladder type 1, based on a 2(1)-axis, is not superimposable on its mirror image, which leads to the first definition of right- or left-handedness of 2(1)-helicity on the basis of supramolecular tilt chirality. Helical assemblies of 2(1)-type with triaxial chirality can be assembled in various ways to yield chiral bundles and crystals. On the basis of these considerations, we constructed clay mimic structures with several bundle patterns by connecting the hydrogen-bond networks by using bifunctional molecules. These results open up the possibility of in-depth crystal engineering based on hydrogen-bond topology.
NK-1 receptor desensitization and neutral endopeptidase terminate SP-induced pancreatic plasma extravasation (2000)

Substance P (SP) induces plasma extravasation and neutrophil infiltration by activating the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1-R). We characterized the mechanisms regulating this response in the rat pancreas. Anesthetized rats were continuously infused with SP, and plasma extravasation was quantified using Evans blue (EB) dye. Continuous infusion of SP (8 nmol. kg(-1). h(-1)) resulted in a threshold increase in EB at 15 min, a peak effect at 30 min (150% increase), and a return to baseline by 60 min. The NK1-R antagonist CP-96,345 blocked SP-induced plasma extravasation. After 60 min, the NK1-R was desensitized to agonist challenge. Resensitization was first detected at 20 min and increased until full recovery was seen at 30 min. Inhibition of the cell-surface protease neutral endopeptidase (NEP) by phosphoramidon potentiated the effect of exogenous SP; therefore endogenous NEP attenuates SP-induced plasma extravasation. Thus the continuous infusion of SP stimulates plasma extravasation in the rat pancreas via activation of the NK1-R, and these effects are terminated by both desensitization of the NK1-R and the cell-surface protease NEP.
Extravasation Volume at Computed Tomography Angiography Correlates With Bleeding Rate and Prognosis in Patients With Overt Gastrointestinal Bleeding (2021)

Larger extravasation volumes correlate with higher bleeding rates and may identify patients who require hemostatic therapy, have intraprocedural bleeding, and require blood transfusions. Current CTAs can detect bleeding rates less than 0.1 mL/min.
Ionic α‐helical polypeptides toward nonviral gene delivery (2014)

The advent of polymeric materials has significantly promoted the development and rapid growth of various technologies in biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and controlled drug and gene delivery. Water-soluble polypeptides bearing functional side chains and adopting stable secondary structures are a new class of functional polymeric materials of potentially broad applications in medicine and biotechnology. In this article, we summarize our recent effort on the design and synthesis of the water-soluble α-helical ionic polypeptides originally developed in our laboratory and highlight their applications in cell membrane penetration and nonviral gene/small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery.
An Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Double Notched Plate (2012)

The double notched (DN) plate is commonly used in rotary air preheaters, but relevant investigations are rare. Thus, thermal-hydraulic performances of the DN plate are investigated in this paper. A single-blow, transient technique is refined and then used to measure the overall mean heat transfer coefficients and friction factors. A validated numerical method is also utilized to provide local information. The measured results show that the performance of the DN plate approaches that of the double undulated (DU) plate and lies between that of the cross corrugated (CC) plate and the parallel plate. No swirling flow pattern is identified in the predicted velocity fields. Basically, two types of flow are observed: wavy channel flow and pipe flow. High or low Nusselt numbers, Nu, are obtained at the luff or lee side of undulations and notches, respectively. Nu values increase and Nu distributions become more homogenous with increasing Reynolds numbers, Re. A recommendation is made that the DN plate be operated under moderate Re to achieve homogenous and enhanced heat transfer, given the allowable pressure drop.
An in vivo rat model to study calcitonin gene related peptide release following activation of the trigeminal vascular system (2001)

Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) released from the C-fibers projecting from the trigeminal ganglion to the meninges has been suggested to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of headache, particularly migraine. In humans it has been shown that CGRP is released during migraine-attacks, and this is attenuated by the administration of typical anti-migraine drugs such as dihydroergotamine or sumatriptan. We describe a new rat model which allows the study of CGRP release from the meninges into venous blood following activation of the trigeminal vascular system. The effects of classical and new anti-migraine drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), sumatriptan and the new high efficacy 5-HT1B/1D agonist donitriptan (4-[4-[2-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-yloxyl]acetyl]piperazinyl-1-yl]benzonitrile) were evaluated in comparison with the established model of neurogenic inflammation in the meninges. Sumatriptan and donitriptan inhibited CGRP release as well as neurogenic inflammation. ASA, however, attenuated neurogenic inflammation, but not CGRP release, confirming the concept of prejunctional inhibition of CGRP release by 5-HT1B/1D receptors. This new model allows the further study of prejunctional pharmacology and mechanisms of neuropeptide release in the trigeminal vascular system, which might be crucial for the further development of potent, more effective anti-migraine drugs.
Supplementary Movie 1 from Intravital Imaging Reveals Transient Changes in Pigment Production and Brn2 Expression during Metastatic Melanoma Dissemination (2023)

Supplementary Movie 1 from Intravital Imaging Reveals Transient Changes in Pigment Production and Brn2 Expression during Metastatic Melanoma Dissemination
Estimating environmentally important properties of chemicals from the chemical structure (2003)

The development of models to predict important environmental properties is easily recognised in the light of the great number of existing chemicals that still need to be characterised. To meet the needs for testing new chemicals such models may also be useful. Here new quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models are presented to predict acute and subacute aquatic toxicity to a green alga (Pseudokirschneriella subcapitata), a crustacea (Daphnia magna), two fish species (Lepomis macrochirus, Leuciscus idus) and a bacterial bioluminescence inhibition test (Microtox3). The toxicity is predicted from more than 1400 molecular descriptors using the multivariate statistical method partial least squares (PLS) regression. The models are based on descriptors calculated from the chemical structure only and can be applied to substances that have not yet been isolated or synthesised. QSAR models were obtained for which the standard prediction errors in logarithmic units correspond to the following concentration factors: Microtox 15 min bioluminescence inhibition EC50 - a factor 3.4; green alga 96 h growth rate inhibition EC50 - a factor 2.8; Daphnia magna 48 h immobilisation EC50 - a factor 2.3; Lepomis macrochirus 96 h toxicity LC50 - a factor 2.4; Leuciscus idus 96 h toxicity LC50 - a factor 3.5 In addition to development of prognosis models, the aim of this project was to develop methodology to obtain more reliable QSAR model predictions of toxicity
Assessing minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials in the presence of lipid. (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 59, 167–167; doi: 10.1038/sj.clpt.1996.166