gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum capacitance in scaled down III–V FETs (2009)

We have built a physical gate capacitance model for III–V FETs that incorporates quantum capacitance and centroid capacitance in the channel. We verified its validity with simulations (Nextnano) and experimental measurements on High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) with InAs and InGaAs channels down to 30 nm in gate length. Our model confirms that in the operational range of these devices, the quantum capacitance significantly lowers the overall gate capacitance. In addition, the channel centroid capacitance is also found to have a significant impact on gate capacitance. Our model provides a number of suggestions for capacitance scaling in future III–V FETs.
An Ultra High Density Technology for Microsystems (1996)

This research demonstrates how a low‐cost three‐dimensional packaging technology can be ultilised to implement heterogeneous microsystems. Systems which integrate sensors, actuators and signal processing are highly complex and often require custom packaging to maximise their potential. Using a novel multichip module packaging technology, referred to as MCM‐V (multichip module‐vertical), it has been demonstrated that three‐dimensional MCMs can be applied in the production of high‐density microsystems incorporating sensors, bare die and discrete components. As an example, a microsystem which integrates an image sensor and programmable processing resources is described. The microsystem represents the first heterogeneous system to be produced using the advanced three‐dimensional technology (MCM‐V).
ISOTHERMAL AND MULTITHERMAL ANALYSIS OF CORONAL LOOPS OBSERVED WITH ATMOSPHERIC IMAGING ASSEMBLY. II. 211 Å SELECTED LOOPS (2011)

An important component of coronal loop analysis involves conflicting results on the cross-field temperature distribution. Are loops isothermal or multithermal? The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory was designed in part to answer this question. AIA has a series of coronal filters that peak at different temperatures and cover the entire active region temperature range. These properties should make AIA ideal for multithermal analysis, but recent results have shown that the response functions of two of the filters, AIA 94 and 131 Å, are missing a significant number of low-temperature emission lines. Here we analyze coronal loops from several active regions that were chosen in the 211 Å channel of AIA, which has a peak response temperature of log T = 6.3. The differential emission measure (DEM) analysis of the 12 loops in our sample reveals that using data from the 131 Å AIA filter distorts the results, and we have no choice but to do the analysis without these data. The 94 Å data do not appear to be as important, simply because the chosen loops are not visible in this channel. If we eliminate the 131 Å data, however, we find that our DEM analysis is not well constrained on the cool temperature end of six of our loops. The information revealed by our 211 selected loops indicates that additional atomic data are required in order to pin down the cross-field temperature distribution.
Models of protein adsorption on solid surfaces (2007)

A dynamic model of protein adsorption on solid surfaces is presented. It is based on the assumption that a protein molecule may change conformation after adsorption. The computed adsorption isotherms are similar in form to experimentally observed isotherms. A model for the experimentally observed reversible potential changes at a metal electrode upon protein adsorption/desorption is also discussed. It is thus suggested that a second loosely bound protein layer may be present on several metal surfaces. Some notes are also made about the significance of the time scale and detailed method of performing an adsorption experiment.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Vinyl Phosphates with Iodotrimethylsilane: Synthesis of Vinyl Iodides from Ketones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stabilization of Energy-Rich Molecules. I. Energy Transfer with Hydrogen (1955)

The increase in fluorescence yield of β-naphthylamine vapors in the presence of foreign gases provides a new powerful method for studying energy exchange. The effect, discovered by Neporent, is analyzed kinetically and the analog of the Stern-Volmer equation for this effect is derived. Neporent's data are recalculated in the light of this analysis. Fluorescence stabilization by deuterium and sulfur hexafluoride is studied experimentally following the procedure of Neporent. It is concluded, in particular, that the vibrational and rotational modes of the hydrogen molecules are inactive in the excitation or de-excitation of vibrational energy of complex molecules.
High Operating Temperature Reliability of Optimized Ge-Rich GST Wall PCM Devices (2016)

The reliability of optimized Ge-rich GST "Wall" Phase Change Memory (PCM) devices is investigated at high operating temperatures. Endurance of more than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> cycles is ensured up to 175 °C. A cell thermal resistance 45% higher wrt standard GST devices is demonstrated, granting reduced cell to cell thermal crosstalk. Increased temperatures show to have a limited impact on the programming speed. Finally, specific programming sequences are proposed to reduce the drift of intermediate resistance states at high temperature.
Improving the Efficiency of the Advanced Injection Low Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Engine Using Organic Rankine Cycles (2007)

Intense energy security debates amidst the ever increasing demand for energy in the country have provided sufficient impetus to investigate alternative and sustainable energy sources to the current fossil fuel driven economy. This paper presents the Advanced injection Low Pilot Ignition Natural Gas (ALPING) engine as a viable, efficient and low emissions alternative to conventional diesel engines, and discusses further efficiency improvements to the base ALPING engine using Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) as bottoming cycles. The ALPING engine uses very small diesel pilots, injected early in the compression stroke to compression-ignite a premixed natural gas–air mixture. It is believed that the advanced injection of the higher cetane diesel fuel leads to longer incylinder residence times for the diesel droplets, thereby resulting in distributed ignition at multiple spatial locations, followed by lean combustion of the higher octane natural gas fuel via localized flame propagation. The multiple ignition centers result in faster combustion rates and higher fuel conversion efficiencies. The lean combustion of natural gas leads to reduction in local temperatures and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions, since NOx emissions scale with local temperatures. In addition, the lean combustion of natural gas is expected to produce very little particulate matter (PM) emissions (not measured). Representative baseline ALPING (60° BTDC pilot injection timing) (without the ORC) half load (1700 rev/min, 21 kW) operation efficiencies reported in this study are about 35 percent while the corresponding NOx emissions is about 0.02 g/kWh, which is much lower than EPA 2007 tier 4 heavy duty diesel engine statutes of 0.2 g/kWh. Furthermore, the possibility of improving fuel conversion efficiency at half load operation with Organic Rankine Cycles using “dry fluids” are discussed. Dry organic fluids, due to their lower critical points, make excellent choices for bottoming Rankine cycles. Moreover, previous studies indicate that “dry fluids” are more preferable compared to wet fluids because the need to superheat the fluid to extract work from the turbine is eliminated. It is estimated that ORC–turbocompounding results in fuel conversion efficiency improvements of the order of 10 percent while maintaining the essential low NOx characteristics of ALPING combustion.
In situ Synthesis of Polymer-Modified Mesoporous Carbon CMK-3 Composites for CO2 Sequestration (2011)

Here we report carbon-based composites polyethylenimine-mesocarbon (PEI-CMK-3) and polyvinylamine-mesocarbon (PVA-CMK-3) that can be used to capture and rapidly release CO(2). CO(2) uptake by the synthesized composites was determined using a gravimetric method at 30 °C and 1 atm; the 39% PEI-CMK-3 composite had ~12 wt % CO(2) uptake capacity and the 37% PVA-CMK-3 composite had ~13 wt % CO(2) uptake capacity. A desorption temperature of 75 °C was sufficient for regeneration. The CO(2) uptake was the same when using 10% CO(2) in a 90% CH(4), C(2)H(6), and C(3)H(8) mixture, underscoring this composite's efficacy for CO(2) sequestration from natural gas.
Efficacy and Safety of a Modified Vaccinia Ankara-NP+M1 Vaccine Combined with QIV in People Aged 65 and Older: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial (INVICTUS) (2021)

The MVA-NP+M1 vaccine is well tolerated in those aged 65 years and over. Larger trials would be needed to determine potential efficacy.
Structural Characteristics and Crystallization of Metallic Glass Sputtered Films by Using Zr System Target (2008)

Zr-Al-Ni-Cu thin films were deposited by the radio-frequency sputtering method at low substrate temperature using three kinds of targets:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mtext>Zr</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mn>55</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>Al</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>Ni</mml:mtext><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>bulk metallic glass target (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-BMG target), crystallized bulk metallic glass target (c-BMG target), and an elemental composite target composed of each Zr, Al, Ni chips, and Cu plate. XRD profiles of the films prepared when using these targets indicated that all of the films showed amorphous structures. While XRD profiles of the films using<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>- and c-BMG targets revealed a broad peak of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>38</mml:mn></mml:math>degree in the same way as the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-BMG target indicating amorphous structures, that of the film using elemental composite targets showed a broad peak of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>42</mml:mn></mml:math>degree, which is higher compared to the latter material. As a result of annealing the films at various temperatures for 900 seconds, the film using the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-BMG target showed a crystallization temperature of 748 K, higher than that of BMG with 723 K, while the other films had lower crystallization temperatures below 723 K. XRD profiles also indicated that the crystallized compounds of the films were different from those of BMG target.
Critical role for IL-1β in DNA damage-induced mucositis (2014)

β-TrCP, the substrate recognition subunit of SCF-type ubiquitin ligases, is ubiquitously expressed from two distinct paralogs, targeting for degradation many regulatory proteins, among which is the NF-κB inhibitor IκB. To appreciate tissue-specific roles of β-TrCP, we studied the consequences of inducible ablation of three or all four alleles of the E3 in the mouse gut. The ablation resulted in mucositis, a destructive gut mucosal inflammation, which is a common complication of different cancer therapies and represents a major obstacle to successful chemoradiation therapy. We identified epithelial-derived IL-1β as the culprit of mucositis onset, inducing mucosal barrier breach. Surprisingly, epithelial IL-1β is induced by DNA damage via an NF-κB-independent mechanism. Tissue damage caused by gut barrier disruption is exacerbated in the absence of NF-κB, with failure to express the endogenous IL-1β receptor antagonist IL-1Ra upon four-allele loss. Antibody neutralization of IL-1β prevents epithelial tight junction dysfunction and alleviates mucositis in β-TrCP-deficient mice. IL-1β antagonists should thus be considered for prevention and treatment of severe morbidity associated with mucositis.
Surface basicity and acidity of alkaline earth-promoted La2O3 catalysts and their performance in oxidative coupling of methane (1998)

The catalytic activity and selectivity of La2O3 and alkaline earth (viz. Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) promoted La2O3 (alkaline earth metal/La = 0·1) catalysts in the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C2-hydrocarbons (at 800°C, CH4/O2 ratio = 4 or 8 and gas hourly space velocity = 102000 cm3 g−1 h−1) have been investigated. The acidity and basicity distributions on these catalysts are measured by the temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of NH3 and CO2 from 50°C to 950°C, respectively. Both the acidity and basicity of the La2O3 catalysts and their activity in the OCM are strongly influenced by the alkaline earth promoter and its concentration. Among the catalysts, Sr-promoted La2O3 (Sr/La = 0·1) is the most active and selective catalyst for the OCM process. This catalyst contains a larger number of strong basic sites and intermediate strength acid sites. © 1998 SCI
TCP-Aware Backpressure Routing and Scheduling (2013)

In this work, we explore the performance of backpressure routing and scheduling for TCP flows over wireless networks. TCP and backpressure are not compatible due to a mismatch between the congestion control mechanism of TCP and the queue size based routing and scheduling of the backpressure framework. We propose a TCP-aware backpressure routing and scheduling that takes into account the behavior of TCP flows. TCP-aware backpressure (i) provides throughput optimality guarantees in the Lyapunov optimization framework, (ii) gracefully combines TCP and backpressure without making any changes to the TCP protocol, (iii) improves the throughput of TCP flows significantly, and (iv) provides fairness across competing TCP flows.
Gate bias-dependent junction characteristics of silicon nanowires suspended between polysilicon electrodes (2011)

Realistic integration of 1D materials into future nanodevices is limited by the lack of a manipulation process that allows a large number of nanowires to be arranged into an integrated circuit. In this work, we have grown Si nanowire bridges using a thin-film catalyst in a batch process at 200 °C and characterized the produced devices consisting of a p+-Si contact electrode, a suspended Si nanochannel, and a polysilicon contact electrode. Both the electrodes and connecting lines are made of Si-based materials by conventional low-pressure chemical vapor deposition. The results indicate that these devices can act as gate-controllable Schottky diodes in integrated nanocircuits.
High-Resolution Mapping Reveals Links of HP1 with Active and Inactive Chromatin Components (2007)

Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) is commonly seen as a key factor of repressive heterochromatin, even though a few genes are known to require HP1-chromatin for their expression. To obtain insight into the targeting of HP1 and its interplay with other chromatin components, we have mapped HP1-binding sites on Chromosomes 2 and 4 in Drosophila Kc cells using high-density oligonucleotide arrays and the DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID) technique. The resulting high-resolution maps show that HP1 forms large domains in pericentric regions, but is targeted to single genes on chromosome arms. Intriguingly, HP1 shows a striking preference for exon-dense genes on chromosome arms. Furthermore, HP1 binds along entire transcription units, except for 5' regions. Comparison with expression data shows that most of these genes are actively transcribed. HP1 target genes are also marked by the histone variant H3.3 and dimethylated histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me2), which are both typical of active chromatin. Interestingly, H3.3 deposition, which is usually observed along entire transcription units, is limited to the 5' ends of HP1-bound genes. Thus, H3.3 and HP1 are mutually exclusive marks on active chromatin. Additionally, we observed that HP1-chromatin and Polycomb-chromatin are nonoverlapping, but often closely juxtaposed, suggesting an interplay between both types of chromatin. These results demonstrate that HP1-chromatin is transcriptionally active and has extensive links with several other chromatin components.
Mogamulizumab Forecast: Clearer Patients, with a Slight Chance of Immune Mayhem (2019)

Mogamulizumab, approved by the FDA for relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome, improves progression-free survival compared with vorinostat in the largest trial to date in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with particular efficacy in leukemic disease, but carries a risk of immune-mediated toxicities with concomitant depletion of regulatory T cells.<i>See related article by Kasamon et al., p. 7275</i>.
Effect of a Prudhoe Bay crude oil on hepatic and placental drug metabolism in rats (1987)

Administration of a Prudhoe Bay crude oil (PBCO) to pregnant rats resulted in induction of hepatic microsomal P-450 levels and various monooxygenases in a dose-dependent manner. The activities of aniline hydroxylase, benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, and pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase were increased 2-3-fold, 12-15-fold, 1.4-1.8-fold, 20-24-fold, and 6-8-fold, respectively, on gestation day 18, when a single dose of PBCO (5-10 mL/kg body weight, p.o.) had been administered 24 h earlier. Glutathione-S-transferase, UDPG transferase, and DT-diaphorase activities were also increased; however, maximum induction was noticed when crude oil was given 72 h earlier. Repeated exposure (day 6-day 17, daily) of crude oil at lower levels was able to produce similar induction patterns in enzyme systems at day 18 of gestation. The xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme systems were also induced transplacentally: treatment of pregnant rats with PBCO induced both placental and fetal hepatic enzyme systems. Liver microsomal P-450 contents, benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase, and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities were increased 2-fold, 2-3-fold, and 10-12-fold, respectively in 18-day-old fetuses. Similar trends were noticed in placenta. Activities of phase II enzymes such as glutathione-S-transferase, UDPG transferase, and DT-diaphorase were also significantly elevated. It is suggested that crude oil induces maternal hepatic drug metabolism and that some of its constituents (mainly aromatic hydrocarbons) and (or) their metabolites pass through the placenta and thus induce drug-metabolizing enzymes transplacentally. The practical importance of the results in relation to human and environmental health is also discussed.
Hydrogen annealing effect on DC and low-frequency noise characteristics in CMOS FinFETs (2003)

The hydrogen annealing process has been used to improve surface roughness of the Si-fin in CMOS FinFETs for the first time. Hydrogen annealing was performed after Si-fin etch and before gate oxidation. As a result, increased saturation current with a lowered threshold voltage and a decreased low-frequency noise level over the entire range of drain current have been attained. The low-frequency noise characteristics indicate that the oxide trap density is reduced by a factor of 3 due to annealing. These results suggest that hydrogen annealing is very effective for improving device performance and for attaining a high-quality surface of the etched Si-fin.
Analytic modeling of clustered RAID with mapping based on nearly random permutation (1996)

A Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) of G disks provides protection against single disk failures by adding one parity block for each G-1 data blocks. In a clustered RAID, the G data/parity blocks are distributed over a cluster of C disks (C>G), thus reducing the additional load on each disk due to a single disk failure. However, most methods proposed for implementing such a mapping do not work for general C and G values. In this paper, we describe a fast mapping algorithm based on almost-random permutations. An analytical model is constructed, based on the queue with a permanent customer, to predict recovery time and read/write performance. The accuracy of the results derived from this model is validated by comparing with simulations. Our analysis shows that clustered RAID is significantly more tolerant of disk failure than the basic RAID scheme. Both recovery time and performance degradation during recovery are substantially reduced in clustered RAID; moreover, these gains can be achieved using fairly small C/G ratios.
Photochemistry of fluorinated aryl azides in toluene solution and in frozen polycrystals (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of fluorinated aryl azides in toluene solution and in frozen polycrystalsElisa Leyva, Daniel Munoz, and Matthew S. PlatzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 25, 5938–5945Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00286a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00286a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views761Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts