gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: BESTIMMUNG DER ENANTIOMEREN REINHEIT MITTELS CHIRALER LANTHANIDEN‐VERSCHIEBUNGSREAGENZIEN (1972)

Abstract Die chiralen Verschiebungsreagenzien des Typs (I) werden nach bekannten Methoden dargestellt.
Thermally Reversible Linking of Halide-Containing Polymers by Potassium Dicyclopentadienedicarboxylate * (2019)

A novel crosslinker for thermally reversible covalent (TRC) linking of halide-containing polymers is suggested. Chlorine-containing polymers such as chloro-methylstyrene copolymers, chlorinated polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, chlorinated polyisoprene, and polyepichlorohydrin were crosslinked with potassium dicyclopentadienedicarboxylate (KDCPDCA). The crosslinker was prepared by reacting potassium ethoxide with dicyclopentadienedicarboxylic acid. Because of the low solubility of KDCPDCA in organic solvents, a phase transfer catalyst, benzyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide, was employed for the crosslinking reaction. The crosslinking reaction occurred at a higher rate in a polar solvent, such as dimethylformamide, than in a nonpolar one, such as toluene, and was affected by the nature of the chlorine-containing polymer. Some of the polymers crosslinked even at room temperature. The chain-extending reaction between KDCPDCA and a α,ω-dihalide compound such as α,αʹ-dichloro-p-xylene, 1,4-dichlorobutane, or 1,4-dibromobutane also was carried out to obtain linear oligomers. The IR spectra indicated that the crosslinking and chain-extending reactions were based on the esterification between the halide—carbon bonds of the polymer and the COOK groups of KDCPDCA. The flowability at 195°C and solubility on heating in a dichlorobenzen-maleic compound mixture of the crosslinked polymers indicated that the TRC crosslinking occurred via the 178reversible Diels–Alder cyclopentadiene/dicyclopentadiene conversion as long as the polymer was thermally stable and did not contain olefinic C═C bonds. The TRC linking also was confirmed by the rapid decrease of the specific viscosity of the obtained linear oligomers on heating.
Aurora kinase inhibitors: Progress towards the clinic (2012)

The Aurora kinases (serine/threonine kinases) were discovered in 1995 during studies of mutant alleles associated with abnormal spindle pole formation in Drosophila melanogaster. They soon became the focus of much attention because of their importance in human biology and association with cancer. Aurora kinases are essential for cell division and are primarily active during mitosis. Following their identification as potential targets for cancer chemotherapy, many Aurora kinase inhibitors have been discovered, and are currently under development. The binding modes of Aurora kinase inhibitors to Aurora kinases share specific hydrogen bonds between the inhibitor core and the back bone of the kinase hinge region, while others parts of the molecules may point to different parts of the active site via noncovalent interactions. Currently there are about 30 Aurora kinase inhibitors in different stages of pre-clinical and clinical development. This review summarizes the characteristics and status of Aurora kinase inhibitors in preclinical, Phase I, and Phase II clinical studies, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms of action and resistance to these promising anticancer agents. We also discuss the validity of Aurora kinases as oncology targets, on/off-target toxicities, and other important aspects of overall clinical performance and future of Aurora kinase inhibitors.
Sensoren (2012)

ZusammenfassungUm solche und andere Signale, wie sie im letzten Kapitel dargestellt wurden, erfassen zu können und daraus Informationen über die Umwelt und den inneren Zustand des mechatronischen Systems zu gewinnen, benötigt man Sensoren. Schauen wir uns das schon mehrfach behandelte Strukturbild eines mechatronischen Systems in Bild 1-24 an, so finden wir die in diesem Kapitel zu behandelnden Sensoren oder Messwertaufnehmer an zwei Stellen.
Variable speed genset with full rated power converter using readily available industrial products (2014)

Although a classic diesel genset may reach 35% efficiency at nominal load, it has very poor efficiency at low load conditions. Still, these conditions often occur in real world applications when combining gensets with variable autonomous loads. Previously, the authors built a hybrid genset prototype achieving fuel consumption reductions of over 30%. As an alternative to this hybrid genset, this paper reports on a variable speed genset prototype. To demonstrate a higher fuel efficiency, a prototype 50 kVA variable speed genset has been built using readily available industrial products. A diesel internal combustion engine supplies power to a PM synchronous generator to produce variable voltage, variable frequency AC. Using a four-quadrant variable-frequency drive and transformer this electrical energy is converted to produce an autonomous 4-wire 50 Hz 3×400 V grid. Operation principle, prototype implementation, first load tests (speed response and power quality) and possible improvements are discussed in this paper.
CAOS-CMOS camera (2016)

Proposed and experimentally demonstrated is the CAOS-CMOS camera design that combines the coded access optical sensor (CAOS) imager platform with the CMOS multi-pixel optical sensor. The unique CAOS-CMOS camera engages the classic CMOS sensor light staring mode with the time-frequency-space agile pixel CAOS imager mode within one programmable optical unit to realize a high dynamic range imager for extreme light contrast conditions. The experimentally demonstrated CAOS-CMOS camera is built using a digital micromirror device, a silicon point-photo-detector with a variable gain amplifier, and a silicon CMOS sensor with a maximum rated 51.3 dB dynamic range. White light imaging of three different brightness simultaneously viewed targets, that is not possible by the CMOS sensor, is achieved by the CAOS-CMOS camera demonstrating an 82.06 dB dynamic range. Applications for the camera include industrial machine vision, welding, laser analysis, automotive, night vision, surveillance and multispectral military systems.
[Resection of invasive orbital tumors and reconstruction with temporalis muscle flap]. (1989)

3 patients with invasive basal cell carcinoma of the skin which necessitated orbital exenteration are reported. In all 3 treatment was delayed, primary therapy was inadequate and the tumor had reached massive size. Excision of the orbital contents is a radical, mutilating procedure, but in advanced cases of malignant orbital tumors it offers the only chance for survival. The temporalis muscle flap is adaptable, well supplied with blood, and contains a large mass of tissue. Its utilization provides a simple, uncomplicated and effective technique for orbital reconstruction following massive resection. It gives a relatively effective result which is usually acceptable to the patient.
An Audit Logic for Accountability (2005)

We describe a policy language and implement its associated proof checking system. In our system, agents can distribute data along with usage policies in a decentralized architecture. Our language supports the specification of conditions and obligations, and also the possibility to refine policies. In our framework, the compliance with usage policies is not actively enforced. However, agents are accountable for their actions, and may be audited by an authority requiring justifications.
Towards Assessment of Human Reliability in Railway Applications by Analysis of Human-Barrier-Interaction (2010)

European railway standards request the integration of human factors into dependability&#13;\nassessments. Nevertheless, the assessment of human reliability in railway engineering practice still&#13;\nfollows traditional approaches, in continental Europe. Classic methods of Human Reliability Analysis,&#13;\nused in other industries, have weaknesses, too. This paper presents a new approach to assess the human&#13;\ninfluence on railway operation and safety. Findings in human-machine interaction research and in terms&#13;\nof safety barriers are used to develop a method for the analysis of so-called human-barrier-interaction.&#13;\nSafety barriers are decomposed concerning the process of their barrier function and corresponding&#13;\ncharacteristics. The results can be used to assess barrier quality and to obtain semi-quantitative values for&#13;\nhuman reliability. Due to the proximity to fault trees and the straight-forward and still holistic procedure,&#13;\nthe approach represents a contribution for probabilistic risk assessments in railways. The development is&#13;\npart of railway safety research at the Institute of Transportation Systems in the German Aerospace&#13;\nCenter.
Engineering Escherichia coli for high-yield geraniol production with biotransformation of geranyl acetate to geraniol under fed-batch culture (2016)

An efficient geraniol production platform was established by overexpressing several key pathway proteins in engineered E. coli strain combined with a controlled fermentation system. About 2.0 g/L geraniol was obtained using our controllable aqueous-organic two-phase fermentation system, which is the highest yield to date. In addition, the interconversion between geraniol and geranyl acetate by E. coli was first elucidated. This study provided a new and promising strategy for geraniol biosynthesis, which laid a basis for large-scale industrial application.
Lighting the Spark (2009)

Students (and teachers) are often stumped when it comes to thinking about an idea for their PIP or refining a vague idea. This list, and it is by no means exhaustive, is an attempt to collate a list of relevant an engaging podcasts that can be useful when introducing the PIP. It is useful to subscribe to these as a teacher so that you can access them easily (and suggest ideas to students), however most offer archived audio which can be accessed by the students themselves.
Affective Characterization of Movie Scenes Based on Multimedia Content Analysis and User's Physiological Emotional Responses (2008)

In this paper, we propose an approach for affective representation of movie scenes based on the emotions that are actually felt by spectators. Such a representation can be used for characterizing the emotional content of video clips for e.g. affective video indexing and retrieval, neuromarketing studies, etc. A dataset of 64 different scenes from eight movies was shown to eight participants. While watching these clips, their physiological responses were recorded. The participants were also asked to self-assess their felt emotional arousal and valence for each scene. In addition, content-based audio- and video-based features were extracted from the movie scenes in order to characterize each one. Degrees of arousal and valence were estimated by a linear combination of features from physiological signals, as well as by a linear combination of content-based features. We showed that a significant correlation exists between arousal/valence provided by the spectator's self-assessments, and affective grades obtained automatically from either physiological responses or from audio-video features. This demonstrates the ability of using multimedia features and physiological responses to predict the expected affect of the user in response to the emotional video content.
Abstract 16723: Rates of Interventions Post Coarctation Repair in Neonates Versus Infants: Does Age Matter? (2016)

Introduction: Conflicting reports exist about the timing of coarctation (CoA) repair and rate of subsequent interventions on the CoA site and other left sided structures (LSS). Hypothesis: There wi...
Supplementary Tables 1 - 4, Figures 1 - 4 from CD44 Expression Predicts Local Recurrence after Radiotherapy in Larynx Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 224K&lt;/p&gt;
Quelques aspects physico-chimiques de l'oxycoupage (1ère suite) (1955)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
High melatonin solubility in aqueous medium (1994)

The pineal hormone melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyl-tryptamine) has been reported to participate in important physiological processes. Although some of its biological actions seem to depend on a protein receptor at the membrane surface, melatonin is known to interact with a large variety of tissues and cells, suggesting that the molecule may not necessarily interact through a specific membrane receptor at a specific cell. Most discussions of melatonin activity have assumed that the molecule is highly hydrophobic. Contrary to belief, the present work shows that melatonin is soluble in a purely aqueous medium up to 5 x 10(-3) M and describes a new method of melatonin preparation which shows the high hydrophilicity of the molecule. The results presented will affect the current biological hypothesis on the need of a melatonin carrier in the blood stream or the mechanisms which allow the hormone to cross the cell membrane and interact at the level of the nucleus.
Antiherpetic Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Green Algae (2004)

In order to evaluate the potency of novel antiviral drugs, 11 natural sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from 10 green algae ( Enteromorpha compressa, Monostroma nitidum, Caulerpa brachypus, C. okamurai, C. scapelliformis, Chaetomorpha crassa, C. spiralis, Codium adhaerens, C. fragille, and C. latum) and 4 synthetic sulfated xylans (SXs) prepared from the beta-(1,3)-xylan of C. brachypus, were assayed for anti-Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activity. Except for one from E. compressa, all SPs showed potent anti-HSV-1 activities with 50 % inhibitory concentrations (IC (50)) of 0.38 - 8.5 microg/mL, while having low cytotoxicities with 50 % inhibitory concentrations of >2900 microg/mL. Anti-HSV-1 activities of SXs were dependent on their degrees of sulfation. To delineate the drug-sensitive phase, 4 polysaccharides, which showed potent anti-HSV-1 activities, were applied to time-of-addition experiments. Among the polysaccharides tested, 3 polysaccharides (SX4, SP4 from C. brachypus, and SP11 from C. latum) showed strong anti-HSV-1 activities with IC (50) of 6.0, 7.5, and 6.9 microg/mL, respectively, even when added to the medium 8 h post-infection. These experiments demonstrated that some sulfated polysaccharides not only inhibited the early stages of HSV-1 replication, such as virus binding to and penetration into host cells, but also interfered with late steps of virus replication. These results revealed that some sulfated polysaccharides from green algae should be promising candidates of antiviral agents which might act on different stages in the virus replication cycle.
FPGA-based multisensor real-time machine vision for banknote printing (2009)

Automatic sheet inspection in banknote production has been used as a standard quality control tool for more than a decade. As more and more print techniques and new security features are established, total quality in bank note printing must be guaranteed. This aspect has a direct impact on the research and development for bank note inspection systems in general in the sense of technological sustainability. It is accepted, that print defects are generated not only by printing parameter changes, but also by mechanical machine parameter changes, which will change unnoticed in production. Therefore, a new concept for a multi-sensory adaptive learning and classification model based on Fuzzy-Pattern- Classifiers for data inspection and machine conditioning is proposed. A general aim is to improve the known inspection techniques and propose an inspection methodology that can ensure a comprehensive quality control of the printed substrates processed by printing presses, especially printing presses which are designed to process substrates used in the course of the production of banknotes, security documents and others. Therefore, the research and development work in this area necessitates a change in concept for banknote inspection in general. In this paper a new generation of FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) based real time inspection technology is presented, which allows not only colour inspection on banknote sheets, but has also the implementation flexibility for various inspection algorithms for security features, such as window threads, embedded threads, OVDs, watermarks, screen printing etc., and multi-sensory data processing. A variety of algorithms is described in the paper, which are designed for and implemented on FPGAs. The focus is based on algorithmic approaches.
Unified Approach to Modeling and Control of Rigid Multibody Systems (2016)

A unified approach is developed to model complex multibody mechanical systems and design controls for them. The characterization of such complex systems often requires the use of more coordinates than the minimum number to describe their configurations and/or the use of modeling constraints to capture their proper physical descriptions. When required to satisfy prescribed control requirements, it becomes necessary that the generalized control forces they are subjected to exactly satisfy these modeling constraints so that their physical descriptions are correctly preserved. The control requirements imposed can always be interpreted as a set of additional control constraints, and they may or may not be consistent with the modeling constraints that describe the physical system. This paper considers both the cases when the control constraints are consistent with the modeling constraints and when they are inconsistent. Such inconsistencies can arise when dealing with underactuated systems. A user-prescribed control cost is minimized at each instant of time in both cases. No linearizations/approximations of the nonlinear mechanical systems are made throughout. Insights into the control methodology are afforded through its geometric interpretation. Numerical examples with full-state control and underactuated control are considered, demonstrating the simplicity of the approach, its ease of implementation, and its effectiveness.
Alternative process schemes for double patterning that eliminate the intermediate etch step (2008)

Double patterning is used to scale designs below k1 factors that can be obtained with single patterning. Because of the double litho and etch steps, however, this is an expensive and time consuming technique. Spacer defined double patterning, which is commonly used to shrink regular dense patterns as used in memory applications, is an expensive technique because of the many deposition and etch steps that are required. In this paper, we propose several alternative process flows which can reduce the cost-of-ownership by eliminating the intermediate etch step in a double litho, double etch for line/space patterns, and replace it by a process step in the track only. These alternative process flows use thermal freezing resist, positive/negative resist and coating a freezing material. For these materials 32nm node logic patterning can be demonstrated, and even 32nm half pitch can be patterned already with one technique. As alternative technique to spacer defined double patterning, dual tone development is proposed, which can generate pitch doubling in resist using a single exposure. Proof-of-concept of this technique is shown experimentally.
Economic Fracturing of Bypassed Pay: A Direct Comparison of Conventional and Coiled Tubing Placement Techniques (2000)

Abstract This paper presents a study of low-permeability gas wells located in the Rocky Mountain foothills of Alberta, Canada, where production enhancement often involves various stimulation techniques to improve well production. We evaluated conventional techniques to a novel fracturing technique using the latest in fracturing fluid and coiled tubing technologies to concurrently and selectively place fracture treatments into multiple pay zones or stringers. The coiled-tubing hydraulic stimulation technique was an excellent method for stimulating multi-zone wells, resulting in savings of $300,000 per well on the three Wildcat Hills Viking wells. The minimal operation and improved clean up time accounts significantly in being able to bring the wells on production 4 to 8 days sooner than with conventional methods for multi-zone wells. Our approach describes the background, history and the impact of our successful utilization of coiled-tubing technology to convey hydraulic fracturing in the Wildcat Hills. The impressive benefits of this alternate and selective approach is improved control of net height and optimized effective fracture length. In addition to the substantial return in favorable production and economics, the design is acceptable for use in the ecologically sensitive area of the Canadian Rockies.
Low Power Processors and Image Sensors for Vision-Based IoT Devices: A Review (2020)

With the advancements of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, applications of battery powered machine vision based IoT devices is rapidly growing. While numerous research works are being conducted to develop low power hardware solutions for IoT devices, image capture and image processing remain high power demanding processes leading to a short battery life. However, the power consumption of the machine vision based IoT devices can be minimized by the careful optimization of the hardware components that are used is these devices. In this article, we present a review of low power machine vision hardware components for the IoT applications. A guide to selecting the optimum processors and image sensors for a given battery powered machine vision based IoT device is presented. Next, the factors that must be considered when selecting processors and image sensors for a given IoT application are discussed, and selection criteria for the processors and image sensors are established. Then, the current commercially available hardware components are reviewed in accordance with the established selection criteria. Finally, the research trends in the field of battery powered machine vision based IoT devices are discussed, and the potential future research directions in the field are presented.
Integrating real-world and computer-supported collaboration in the presence of mobility (2002)

We have developed an environment in which real-world collaborative working (RWCW) and computer-supported collaborative working (CSCW) can be seamlessly integrated. Real-world collaboration usually involves mobile individuals in casual or pre-arranged meetings with colleagues. On the other hand computer-supported collaboration involves using computer-based tools to cooperate, e.g. multimedia conferencing and shared design tools. Our environment generalizes activities from the real-world and computer-supported collaboration as events. This enables computer-based applications to be built around a mixture of both scenarios, e.g. a user mobile in the real-world, may be using computer-supported tools to collaborate with other users. If the user moves between locations in the physical world, the computer-based tools he/she is using follow, being transported to the nearest, or a selected workstation. Our environment supports the automatic storage of events, both real-world and computer-supported so that collaborative activities can be later replayed, queried, analyzed and visualized. It is our thesis that this paradigm effectively removes the limitations that each form of collaboration has in isolation, and applications like the ones we have been able to develop using this infrastructure can enhance individual and group productivity.