gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of non-viableLactobacilluson immune function in the elderly: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2015)

Forty-two participants in two nursing homes who were ≥65 years of age were randomised to receive a jelly containing 10 billion heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849 cells (LP group) or a placebo jelly without lactobacilli (placebo group) for 6 weeks. Three weeks after beginning jelly intake, all subjects received an influenza vaccination (A/H1N1, A/H2N3 and B). Blood samples were collected before and after the treatment period. There were no significant differences in immune parameters, including in antibody responses against the vaccination, between the groups. In the subgroup of the oldest old, defined as ≥85 years of age (n = 27), the antibody responses to the A/H1N1 and B antigens, which were impaired in the placebo group, were improved in the LP group. No significant effects of non-viable L. paracasei MCC1849 were observed in the elderly. A possible beneficial effect in the oldest old should be explored in further large-scale studies.
Cover Picture: Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for the Promotional Effect of Acid Sites on the Diffusion of Alkenes through Small‐Pore Zeolites (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 18/2021) (2021)

By means of a synergistic theoretical and experimental approach, Veronique Van Speybroeck et al. show in their Research Article on page 10016 that the presence of Brønsted acid sites promotes ethene diffusion through the cages of H-SAPO-34, whereas ethane diffusion remains invariant regarding the acid site density. The interaction of ethene with the acid sites (yellow dots) facilitates the diffusion through the catalyst, leading to a shorter diffusion path (blue pathway) compared to ethane, which follows a random trajectory (orange pathway).
Peroxide-free redox initiating systems for polymerization in mild conditions (2021)

Redox free radical polymerization (RFRP) is considered as a cost-effective technique for the production of polymers in a very short time scale and without any energy consumption.
Hardware/Software Co-design of an ECG- PPG Preprocessor: A Qualitative & Quantitative Analysis (2023)

This paper aims to design a digital system to pre-process electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal for the purpose of hardware implementation. Muscle signal, motion artifacts, power line interference affect the biomedical signal during data acquisition. The proposed system focuses at removing the noises by designing infinite impulse response filter to remove power line noise and finite impulse response filter to eliminate other high and low frequency noises. At first the preprocessor is designed in Matlab to validate the simulation performance. Then the hardware is designed in xilinx system generator targeting Zedboard Zynq xc7z020-1clg484. Finally, we verified the hardware software codesign by comparing both outputs. For quantity based analysis different filtering techniques have been applied to determine the most optimized system in terms of resource utilization and power consumption. Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9993 and 0.9982 have been found for ECG and PPG, respectively using Hamming filter technique for High and low pass filter. Root squared error for both signal has been also in the range of 10<sup>−2</sup>• These data validate the accuracy of the designed system providing quality assurance. Frequency spectrum also has been analyzed to ensure denoising of undesired signals. The designed preprocessor can be utilized for further analysis of the signals and designing digital systems & wearable devices for the detection of heart rate, cardiac diseases etc.
A fast intraoperative PTH point-of-care assay on the Philips handheld magnotech system (2010)

The next magnotech ioPTH assay will be the only POC test able to give accurate results in less than 10 min, using 25 μL of whole blood. Thanks to the ease-of-use, magnotech ioPTH could be performed in the operating theater by any member of surgical staff.
In Situ Studies on the Characteristics of Strata Structures and Behaviors in Mining of a Thick Coal Seam with Hard Roofs (2018)

The movements of overburden induced by mining a thick coal seam with a hard roof extend widely. The effects of breakages in the hard strata on the strata behaviors might vary with the overlying strata layers. For this reason, we applied a test method that integrated a borehole TV tester, borehole-based monitoring of strata movement, and monitoring of support resistance for an in situ investigation of a super-thick, 14–20 m coal seam mining in the Datong mining area in China. The results showed that the range of the overburden movement was significantly high, which could reach to more than 300 m. The key strata (KS) in the lower layer main roof were broken into a ‘cantilever beam and voussoir beam’ structure. This structure accounted for the ‘long duration and short duration’ strata behaviors in the working face. On the other hand, the hard KS in the upper layer broke into a ‘high layer structure’. The structural instability induced intensive and wide-ranging strata behaviors that lasted for a long time (two to three days). Support in the working face were over-pressured by large dynamic factors and were widely crushed, while the roadways were violently deformed. Hence, the structure of a thick coal seam with a hard roof after mining will form a ‘cantilever beam and voussoir beam and high layer structure’, which is unique to a large space stope.
Enhanced annealing stability and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions using W layer (2017)

The magnetic properties of the perpendicular storage electrode (buffer/MgO/FeCoB/Cap) were studied as a function of annealing temperature by replacing Ta with W and W/Ta cap layers with variable thicknesses. W in the cap boosts up the annealing stability and increases the effective perpendicular anisotropy by 30% compared to the Ta cap. Correspondingly, an increase in the FeCoB critical thickness characterizing the transition from perpendicular to in-plane anisotropy was observed. Thicker W layer in the W(t)/Ta 1 nm cap layer makes the storage electrode highly robust against annealing up to 570 °C. The stiffening of the overall stack resulting from the W insertion due to its very high melting temperature seems to be the key mechanism behind the extremely high thermal robustness. The Gilbert damping constant of FeCoB with the W/Ta cap was found to be lower when compared with the Ta cap and stable with annealing. The evolution of the magnetic properties of bottom pinned perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (p-MTJ) stack with the W2/Ta1 nm cap layer shows back-end-of-line compatibility with increasing tunnel magnetoresistance up to the annealing temperature of 425 °C. The pMTJ thermal budget is limited by the synthetic antiferromagnetic hard layer which is stable up to 425 °C annealing temperature while the storage layer is stable up to 455 °C.
BER estimation in DPSK systems using the differential phase Q taking into account the electrical filtering influence (2007)

A novel method to estimate the bit-error ratio (BER) in differential phase-shift keying systems, taking into account the receiver electrical filtering influence is proposed. This method assumes a Gaussian distribution for the "equivalent" differential phase evaluated after electrical filtering. The validity of the proposed method is assessed by comparison with results from Monte-Carlo simulation, in systems where the amplified spontaneous noise added by the in-line erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is prevalent over the remaining noise sources. A good agreement between the estimates of the proposed method and results from Monte-Carlo simulation is shown. The proposed method correctly estimates the BER improvement due to the electrical filtering.
Efficient Synthesis of IPL576,092:  A Novel Anti-Asthma Agent (2002)

An enantioseletive synthesis of the novel anti-asthma agent IRL576,092 (2) is described. The synthetic route developed involves stereoselective 1,2-reduction of the enone carbonyl functionality of 6 and subsequent hydroboration as the key steps. Starting from the commercially available 5-androsten-3beta-ol-17-one 3, this approach affords IPL576,092 (2) in nine steps with overall yields of 25%, employing a limited number of chromatographic steps.
Correction: Divalent cation and chloride ion sites of chicken acid sensing ion channel 1a elucidated by x-ray crystallography (2018)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202134.].
Some Reflections of My Life: An Account of Mission Work among the Cherokee (1995)

Editor's Introduction In 1892, at the invitation of a Danish immigrant who had married a Cherokee woman in what was then Indian Territory, the Danish Lutheran Church Association sent a student from Trinity Seminary in Blair, Nebraska, to investigate the possibility of doing mission work among the Cherokee. The student, Niels Laurits Nielsen, returned in the summer of 1893 and began working among the Cherokee, eventually founding a school and a church at Oaks, Oklahoma. The Oaks mission became one of the most important missions of the United Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church (later the UELC) and continues as an institution supported by the present Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA). The following account by Abelone Larsen records her years at Oaks between 1913 and 1919. Arriving in the United States as a young immigrant woman of twenty, her desire was "to serve God. " After working in Chicago for several years, she was invited by Niels Laurits Nielsen to join the mission staff in Oklahoma. Here she served off and on between 1913 and 1919. In 1919 she returned to Chicago where on June 18, 1920 she married C.B. Larsen. They settled in Blair where her husband was a long time professor of New Testament at Trinity Seminary and of philosophy at Dana College. She died in Blair October 25, 1977. The following account was written shortly before her death. Dr. John Mark Nielsen Dana College
Comparison of intracellular and secretion-based strategies for production of human α-galactosidase A in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (2014)

Active human α-galactosidase could most effectively be produced intracellularly in Trichoderma reesei at >0.5 g/l by avoidance of the extracellular environment, although purification was challenging due to specific activity losses. Strain analysis revealed that in addition to the issues with secreted proteases, the processes of secretion stress including UPR and ER degradation remain as bottlenecks for heterologous protein production. Genetic engineering to eliminate these bottlenecks is the logical path towards establishing a strain capable of producing sensitive heterologous proteins.
Optimizing efficiency in the creation of patient-specific plates through field-driven generative design in maxillofacial surgery (2023)

Field driven design is a novel approach that allows to define through equations geometrical entities known as implicit bodies. This technology does not rely upon conventional geometry subunits, such as polygons or edges, rather it represents spatial shapes through mathematical functions within a geometrical field. The advantages in terms of computational speed and automation are conspicuous, and well acknowledged in engineering, especially for lattice structures. Moreover, field-driven design amplifies the possibilities for generative design, facilitating the creation of shapes generated by the software on the basis of user-defined constraints. Given such potential, this paper suggests the possibility to use the software nTopology, which is currently the only software for field-driven generative design, in the context of patient-specific implant creation for maxillofacial surgery. Clinical scenarios of applicability, including trauma and orthognathic surgery, are discussed, as well as the integration of this new technology with current workflows of virtual surgical planning. This paper represents the first application of field-driven design in maxillofacial surgery and, although its results are very preliminary as it is limited in considering only the distance field elaborated from specific points of reconstructed anatomy, it introduces the importance of this new technology for the future of personalized implant design in surgery.
Molecular AND logic gate based on bacterial anaerobic respiration (2012)

Enzyme coding genes that integrate information for anaerobic respiration in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were used as input for constructing an AND logic gate. The absence of one or both genes inhibited electrochemically-controlled anaerobic respiration, while wild type bacteria were capable of accepting electrons from an electrode for DMSO reduction.
In utero Treatment of Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome via Fetal Laryngoscopy and EXIT Procedure (2022)

The primary goal of fetoscopic airway evaluation and intervention is not necessarily to perform definitive stabilization of the airway but rather to achieve sufficient decompression of the trachea to reverse fetal hydrops and salvage pulmonary development. In utero fetoscopic treatment may allow for prolongation of the pregnancy with delivery at or near term via EXIT procedure for definitive neonatal airway stabilization.
Review of superconducting nanowire single-photon detector system design options and demonstrated performance (2014)

We describe a number of methods that have been pursued to develop superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with attractive overall performance, including three systems that operate with >70% system detection efficiency and high maximum counting rates at wavelengths near 1550 nm. The advantages and tradeoffs of various approaches to efficient optical coupling, electrical readout, and SNSPD design are described and contrasted. Optical interfaces to the detectors have been based on fiber coupling, either directly to the detector or through the substrate, using both single-mode and multimode fibers with different approaches to alignment. Recent advances in electrical interfaces have focused on the challenges of scalability and ensuring stable detector operation at high count rates. Prospects for further advances in these and other methods are also described, which may enable larger arrays and higher-performance SNSPD systems in the future. Finally, the use of some of these techniques to develop fully packaged SNSPD systems will be described and the performance available from these recently developed systems will be reviewed.
Design considerations of STCB OTA in CMOS 65nm with large capacitive loads (2015)

A modified structure of OTA in CMOS 65-nm with signal- and transient-current boosting is presented in this paper. The structure uses simple cascode current mirrors to overcome channel-modulation effect of the 65-nm MOSFETs and to maintain low-error current matching. Simulations show that the parasitic poles of the OTA in CMOS 65-nm are located at very high frequencies and the achievable bandwidth is much increased with sufficient phase margin to maintain closed-loop stability.
CAD system for cylindrically symmetric electric devices (1988)

A CAD system based on a supermicrocomputer with an integrated array processor (AP) is described. The boundary-element method is used to calculate the electric fields. Details of the structure, performance, and limitations of the system are given, particularly the enhancement in performance effected by the AP, which gives a maximum computational speed of 10 MFLOPS. A comparison is made with the performance of a 6.8-MIPS mainframe computer. Optimization of the electrode configuration of an image intensifier tube is given. The system can be utilized for the design and evaluation of other cylindrically symmetric electrical devices, e.g. electron guns.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Development of a Novel Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger Inhibitor for Heart Failure (2019)

This study was designed to determine the potential therapeutic effects of a new sodium-hydrogen exchanger (NHE-1) inhibitor in the rat coronary artery ligation model of chronic heart failure. After the induction of acute myocardial infarction, rats were entered into a randomly designed pilot dose study from 0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 3.0 mg/kg. Solid state micrometer hemodynamics, echocardiographic, and pressure-volume relationships were measured after 6 weeks of treatment. Treatment with this NHE-1 inhibitor at 3 mg/kg increased (P<0.05) ejection fraction from 233% (N=6) to 332% (N=13), while the 1 mg/kg dose decreased (P<0.05) the infarct size in CHF rats from 21.71.4% (N=7) to 15.90.7% (N=3) and prevented (P<0.05) dilatation of the left ventricle in CHF rats in diastole (1.00.1 cm, N=6) to 0.90.1 cm, N=10) and in systole (0.90.1 cm, N=6) to 0.80.1, N=10). These study results suggest that this new NHE-1 inhibitor may be potentially useful in treating CHF with an improvement in maladaptive left ventricle remodeling. Because the mechanism of action of this agent is entirely different than the currently applied approach in treating CHF that focuses on aggressive neuro-hormonal blockade and because this agent does not adversely affect important hemodynamic variables, further investigations with this agent may be warranted.
Conversational Memory Network for Emotion Recognition in Dyadic Dialogue Videos (2018)

Emotion recognition in conversations is crucial for the development of empathetic machines. Present methods mostly ignore the role of inter-speaker dependency relations while classifying emotions in conversations. In this paper, we address recognizing utterance-level emotions in dyadic conversational videos. We propose a deep neural framework, termed conversational memory network, which leverages contextual information from the conversation history. The framework takes a multimodal approach comprising audio, visual and textual features with gated recurrent units to model past utterances of each speaker into memories. Such memories are then merged using attention-based hops to capture inter-speaker dependencies. Experiments show an accuracy improvement of 3-4% over the state of the art.
Short-term and long-term outcomes of expectant management compared to embryo reduction to a twin pregnancy in women with triplet pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study (2020)

Objective: To compare maternal, perinatal and long-term outcome of triplet pregnancies managed expectantly with those reduced to twins Design: A retrospective cohort study Setting: Tertiary medical institutions in South Korea Population: We examined short-term and long-term outcomes in 524 triplet pregnancies with three live fetuses before 14 weeks of gestation that were comprised of expectant management(EM) group (n=213) and embryo reduction(ER) group (n=311) from 2006 to 2017. Methods: The two groups were compared for the following outcomes. Main Outcome Measures: 1) the rates of non-viable pregnancy loss before 23 weeks, 2) the rates of preterm birth before 32 weeks of gestation; 3) the number of survival fetuses; and 4) long term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Results: In the EM group, the risk of preterm delivery (<36, <34, <32, and <28 weeks) was higher compared to the ER group. However, the risk of non-viable pregnancy loss was lower [2(0.9%) vs. 20(6.4%), p=0.008] in EM group, and the rate of cases with at least one alive neonate were higher in EM group than ER group [208(97.7%) vs. 287(92.3), p=0.013]. The survival rate until discharge of neonates were also significantly higher in the EM group than the ER group [607(95.0%) vs. 545(87.6), p=0.001]. The risk of developmental delay or cerebral palsy in survived neonates was not different between the two groups of cases. Conclusions: In triplet pregnancies, EM may improve the chance of fetal survival, without any significant differences in developmental delay and cerebral palsy.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Induces the Expression of MKP-1, a Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase, in Glomerular Mesangial Cells (1996)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of various types of cells including glomerular mesangial cells. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is one of the main signal transduction systems leading to cell proliferation. MAPK is tightly regulated by the activating kinase, MEK, and specific phosphatase MKP-1. Constitutive expression of MKP-1 has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation by suppressing MAPK activity. In order to understand the mechanism of the anti-proliferative effect of ANP, we examined whether ANP could inhibit MAPK by inducing MKP-1 in cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells. ANP increased the expression of MKP-1 mRNA in a dose-dependent (10 nM maximum) and time-dependent, with a peak stimulation at 30 min, manner. Receptor for ANP is a transmembrane guanylyl cyclase. Activation of guanylyl cyclase of ANP receptor by ligand plays an essential role in ANP signal transduction. 8-Bromo-cGMP, a cell permeable analogue of cyclic GMP, and sodium nitroprusside, an activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase, could mimic the effects of ANP and were able to induce the expression of MKP-1 in a similar time course as ANP. The protein expression of MKP-1 was maximally stimulated by ANP at 120 min. Treatment of the cells with ANP for 120 min resulted in an inhibition of phorbol ester-induced activation of MAPK, while the activation of MEK was not affected by ANP. These results indicate that ANP might inhibit the proliferation of mesangial cells by inactivating MAPK through the induction of MKP-1.
Dynamic Interplay of Autophagy and Membrane Repair During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection (2022)

Abstract Autophagy plays a crucial role in the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, yet the dynamics and regulation of autophagy induction on mycobacterial phagosomes remain partially understood. In this study, we employed time-lapse confocal microscopy to investigate in real time the recruitment of LC3B (LC3), a key autophagy marker, to Mtb-containing vacuoles (MCVs) at the single cell level with our newly developed workflow for single cell and single MCV tracking and fluorescence quantification. The results reveal that approximately 70% of MCVs exhibited LC3 recruitment but was lost in about 40% of those MCVs. The LC3 recruitment to MCVs displayed a high variability in timing that was independent of the size of the MCV or the bacterial burden. Most notably, the LC3-positive MCVs did not acidify, indicating that LC3 recruitment does not necessarily lead to the formation of mature autophagolysosomes. In addition, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) pre-treatment did not affect LC3 recruitment frequency or autophagosome maturation, but increased the susceptibility of the macrophage to Mtb-induced cell death. Instead, LC3 recruitment and lysotracker staining were mutually exclusive events alternating on some MCVs multiple times showing a new reversible aspect of this autophagy response. It also suggested a role of autophagy in membrane repair of the MCV. Consistently, LC3 recruitment was strongly associated with galectin-3 and oxysterol-binding protein 1 staining, indicating a correlation with membrane damage and repair mechanisms. However, knockdown of ATG7 did not impact membrane repair, suggesting that autophagy is not directly involved in this process but is coregulated by the membrane damage of MCVs. In summary, our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic and variable nature of LC3 recruitment and autophagy to the MCVs over time during Mtb infection. Our data suggests that there is no major role of autophagy in cell autonomous defense against Mtb nor membrane repair of the MCV in human macrophages. However, the combined dynamics of LC3 recruitment and Lysoview staining emerged as promising markers for future research focused on directly investigating the damage and repair processes of phagosomal membranes.