gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TENDON GRAFTS FOR FLEXOR TENDON INJURIES IN THE FINGERS AND THUMB (1956)

1. A series of 149 consecutive cases of flexor tendon grafting in the fingers and thumb is reviewed and the results are analysed. A description of the technique which has evolved from this experience is given. 2. Replacement of a divided flexor digitorum profundus in the presence of an intact sublimis tendon restored a useful range of movement in 80 per cent of cases. 3. Replacement of both flexor digitorum profundus and sublimis gave good results in 70 to 80 per cent of cases. 4. Replacement of a divided flexor pollicis longus tendon gave good results in 85 per cent of cases. 5. The particular tendon used for the graft did not materially influence the result, but there are special indications for the use of the different tendons. 6. The choice of splintage or of early movement after operation does not appear to have a significant bearing upon the result. 7. The most important factor in determining the result is probably a precise and gentle surgical technique and complete haemostasis. Minor differences in method are of little importance. The failures in this series were due more to faulty performance of the operation than to any other single factor.
Alcohol, Cannabis, and Opioid Use Disorders, and Disease Burden in an Integrated Health Care System (2016)

Common SUDs, particularly opioid use disorders, are associated with substantial disease burden for privately insured individuals without significant impediments to care. This signals the need to explore the full impact SUDs have on the course and outcome of prevalent conditions and initiate enhanced service engagement strategies to improve disease burden.
Vision impairment predicts five-year mortality. (2000)

Even mild visual impairment increases the risk of death more than twofold.
Münchhausen Syndrome: Psychopathology Management (1990)

A case report on a patient with Münchhausen syndrome is presented and the psychopathological features are compared to other reports in the literature. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis are discussed with regard to other somatoform disorders such as conversion disorder and somatization disorder as well as to malingering and cenesthesic schizophrenia. The management of Münchhausen syndrome is aggravated by the low compliance in these patients, who expose themselves to serious complications of unnecessary medical and surgical procedures. Early diagnosis could to a considerable extent exclude these iatrogenic risks. We recommend that patients presenting the psychopathological features of a Münchhausen syndrome should be conservatively observed and an attempt to clarify both the medical and the psychiatric diagnosis should be made before any invasive procedure is undertaken.
Mitigation of Total Body Irradiation-Induced Mortality and Hematopoietic Injury of Mice by a Thrombopoietin Mimetic (JNJ-26366821) (2021)

Abstract The threat of a nuclear attack has increased in recent years highlighting the benefit of developing additional therapies for the treatment of victims suffering from Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS). In this work, we evaluated the impact of a PEGylated thrombopoietin mimetic peptide, JNJ-26366821, on the mortality and hematopoietic effects associated with ARS in mice exposed to lethal doses of total body irradiation (TBI). JNJ-26366821 was efficacious as a mitigator of mortality and thrombocytopenia associated with ARS in both CD2F1 and C57BL/6 mice exposed to TBI from a cobalt-60 gamma-ray source. Single administration of doses ranging from 0.3 to 1 mg/kg, given 4, 8, 12 or 24 hours post-TBI (LD70 dose) increased survival by 30 – 90% as compared to saline control treatment. At the conclusion of the 30-day study, significant increases in bone marrow colony forming units and megakaryocytes were observed in animals administered JNJ-26366821 compared to those administered saline. In addition, enhanced recovery of FLT3-L levels was observed in JNJ-26366821-treated animals. Probit analysis of survival in the JNJ-26366821- and saline-treated cohorts revealed a dose reduction factor of 1.113 and significant increases in survival for up to 6 months following irradiation. These results support the potential use of JNJ-26366821 as a medical countermeasure for treatment of acute TBI exposure in case of a radiological/nuclear event when administered from 4 to 24 hours post-TBI.
On Optimal Power Allocation for a Class of Interference Networks (2010)

Binary power control has been shown to be optimal in a variety of network conditions. In the context of sumrate maximisation in interference networks, our main result states that the optimal power policy for a link is binary if it only interferes with one other link in the network. Examples of networks which have at least one link with this attribute include the two-link interference channel (IC), the one-sided Wyner network and the many-to-one interference channel. Previous works have fully characterised the optimal power scheme for the two-link IC and they agree with our results. For the one-sided Wyner network, our main result leads to a problem which is tractable and can be solved using dynamic programming methods.
The chloride effect is related to anion binding in determining the rate of iron release from the human transferrin N-lobe (2000)

The major function of human transferrin is to deliver iron from the bloodstream to actively dividing cells. Upon iron release, the protein changes its conformation from 'closed' to 'open'. Extensive studies in vitro indicate that iron release from transferrin is very complex and involves many factors, including pH, the chelator used, an anion effect, temperature, receptor binding and intra-lobe interactions. Our earlier work [He, Mason and Woodworth (1997) Biochem. J. 328, 439-445] using the isolated transferrin N-lobe (recombinant N-lobe of human transferrin comprising residues 1-337; hTF/2N) has shown that anions and pH modulate iron release from hTF/2N in an interdependent manner: chloride retards iron release at neutral pH, but accelerates the reaction at acidic pH. The present study supports this idea and further details the nature of the dual effect of chloride: the anion effect on iron release is closely related to the strength of anion binding to the apoprotein. The negative effect seems to originate from competition between chloride and the chelator for an anion-binding site(s) near the metal centre. With decreasing pH, the strength of anion binding to hTF/2N increases linearly, decreasing the contribution of competition with the chelator. In the meantime, the 'open' or 'loose' conformation of hTF/2N, induced by the protonation of critical residues such as the Lys-206/Lys-296 pair at low pH, enables chloride to enter the cleft and bind to exposed side chains, thereby promoting cleft opening and synergistically allowing removal of iron by the chelator, leading to a positive anion effect. Disabling one or more of the primary anion-binding residues, namely Arg-124, Lys-206 and Lys-296, substantially decreases the anion-binding ability of the resulting mutant proteins. In these cases, the competition for the remaining binding residue(s) is increased, leading to a negative chloride effect or, at most, a very small positive effect, even at low pH.
Bidirectional photorefractive ring resonator pumped by a single beam (2001)

Bidirectional oscillations can be supported in a single photorefractive ring resonator using Ce:BaTiO3. We show that two oscillation beams can simultaneously propagate in opposite directions under different geometries. The difference in power between the two oscillation beams can reach two orders of magnitude and their stability depends on the pump beam angle of incidence and the crystal’s configuration.
Ventricular arrhythmias. A guide to their localisation. (1985)

An electrocardiographic atlas of ventricular tachycardias was produced by pacing 27 epicardial sections of the heart and the mitral papillary muscles to simulate focal ventricular arrhythmias and simultaneously recording their 12 lead electrocardiographic appearances. One hundred and twenty nine patients undergoing cardiac surgery were studied. In five patients all 27 epicardial sites were paced at operation and in 124 individual sections were paced postoperatively with temporary epicardial wires and the electrocardiograms analysed in terms of frontal and horizontal plan QRS axis, maximum limb lead QRS amplitude, and QRS duration. Each ventricular region paced produced a distinctive 12 lead electrocardiographic pattern. Simulated right ventricular arrhythmias had either inferior frontal plane QRS axes (from the anterobasal region) or superior frontal plane QRS axes (from the apical and posterior right ventricular sections). Horizontal plane QRS axes were directed leftwards, with some posterior shift in the anteroapical regions. Simulated arrhythmias from the base of the left ventricle (anteriorly and laterally) had inferior frontal plane QRS and anterorightward horizontal plane QRS axes. Left ventricular arrhythmias with a superior frontal plane QRS axis were readily distinguished by their horizontal plane QRS axes: posterorightwards from the anterior and anterorightwards from the posterior left ventricular sections. Standard errors of the paced QRS axes for the various epicardial sections paced postoperatively ranged from 3.0 degrees to 6.0 degrees using the frontal plane axis. The electrocardiogram was most accurate in localising ventricular arrhythmias from the anterior left ventricle and least accurate for those arising from the inferior right ventricle. The appearance of the paced electrocardiograms was slightly modified by underlying disease such as myocardial infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy. This atlas may be useful in comparing the localisation of ventricular tachycardia with the site of underlying cardiac disease and may facilitate mapping in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia requiring ablation (either surgical or by high energy impulses).
Reducing Dislocations of Antibiotic Hip Spacers via Hybrid Cement-screw Constrained Liner Fixation: A Case Series (2020)

The hybrid cement-screw fixation technique for constrained liner antibiotic spacers is a reliable and effective treatment method for eradicating prosthetic joint infections without mechanical complications.
Facile Fabrication of Nanoclay Reinforced Waterborne Organic Coatings for Corrosion Protection (2017)

The reinforcement effect of nanoclay on the corrosion protection properties of waterborne thin organic coatings was studied. The coating matrix was a commercial formulation for galvalume steel substrates. Two kinds of clays (laponite RDS and optigel WH) were employed as the barrier reinforcement in the composite coatings. Both kinds of the clays were exfoliated into monolayers of silicate with disordered structures at a filler content of 2 wt.%. Facile exfoliation and effective dispersion of clay was achieved with the assistance of a titanate coupling agent. The corrosion protection properties of the composite coatings were significantly improved with the addition of 3 wt.% laponite RDS or 2 wt.% optigel WH. The addition of an excessive amount of clay decreased the anticorrosion properties of the composite coatings. The fabrication methods of nanoclay-reinforced thin organic coatings involved only physical blending and latex mixing at ambient temperature, which can be easily scaled-up for mass production.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines via Three‐Component Reaction of 2‐Aminopyridines, Aldehydes and Alkynes. (2010)

Abstract The novel Cu‐catalyzed approach tolerates a variety of functionalities at the substrates.
Perceptual Principles and Computer Graphics (2000)

Now that technology allows us to present photorealistic animations of scenically lit objects acting in real‐time, the problem of computer graphics has changed from making displays recognisable, to ensuring that users notice what they are intended to see, without being distracted by irrelevant information. Worse than that, the use of veridical displays that are intended to be lifelike runs the risk of introducing unpredictable sources of information, that can lead users to infer all sorts of unwanted details. Traditional visual theory, based upon bottom‐up models of feature extraction from the retinal image, cannot inform us about these aspects of perception. Broader based cognitive theories are required that integrate visual perception with attention, memory, emotion and inference. Theories such as Barnard's Interacting Cognitive Subsystems enable phenomena such as change blindness and the craft principles of film editing to be interpreted within a common framework, supporting extrapolation to computer graphics.
Functionalized Carborane Complexes of the [M(CO)2(NO)]2+Core (M =99mTc, Re): A New Class of Organometallic Probes for Correlatedin Vitroandin VivoImaging (2009)

Functionalized carborane complexes of the [M(CO)2(NO)]2+ (M = Re, 99mTc) core have potential utility as matched pairs of probes for correlated optical (M = Re) and scintigraphic (M = 99mTc) imaging. A synthetic route to closo-rhenacarboranes of the type [Re(CO)2(NO)(RR′C2B9H9)] in a manner suitable for the preparation of the radioactive technetium-99m analogues has been developed, resulting in the isolation of four novel metallacarboranes [Re(CO)2(NO)(RR′C2B9H9)], which exhibit both 3,1,2 (6a: R = H, R′ = Bn) and 2,1,8 (7a: R = R′ = H; 8a: R = H, R′ = Ph; 9a: R = R′ = Bn) cage configurations. These complexes absorb strongly at 300−348 nm; 6a−9a fluoresce weakly at ambient temperature following excitation at 300 nm (7a) or ∼340 nm (6a, 8a/9a), with emission maxima ranging between 313 and 411 nm. A microwave-assisted approach was used to prepare radioactive [99mTc(CO)3]+-carborane complexes (1b−4b) at the tracer level. When an analogous aqueous nitrosation methodology was applied to generate dicarbonylnitroso-closo-technetacarboranes, the novel complexes 6b, 8b, and 9b were isolated in good radiochemical yields (62−79%). In aqueous solutions, slow decomposition of 6b and 8b, but not 9b was observed. To better understand this process, the radioactive 186/188Re analogue of 8a was also prepared.
Hepatoprotective Role of Carvedilol against Ischemic Hepatitis Associated with Acute Heart Failure via Targeting miRNA-17 and Mitochondrial Dynamics-Related Proteins: An In Vivo and In Silico Study (2022)

Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common diseases in old age that can lead to mortality. Systemic hypoperfusion is associated with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be irreversible. Ischemic hepatitis due to AHF has been linked to the pathogenesis of liver damage. In the present study, we extensively investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and their epigenetic regulation in ischemic liver injury following AHF and explored the possible hepatoprotective role of carvedilol. The biochemical analysis revealed that the ischemic liver injury following AHF significantly elevated the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes, the level of total and direct bilirubin, and the expression of hepatic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L), and hepatic miRNA-17. At the same time, it significantly reduced the serum albumin level, the activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the expression of mitochondrial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-1α (PGC-1α), and mitofusin 2 (Mtf2). The histological examination of the liver tissue revealed degenerated hepatocytes. Interestingly, administration of carvedilol either prior to or after isoprenaline-induced AHF significantly improved the liver function and reversed the deterioration effect of AHF-induced ischemic hepatitis, as demonstrated by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histological analysis. Our results indicated that the hepatoprotective effect of carvedilol in ameliorating hepatic ischemic damage could be attributed to its ability to target the mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins (Mtf2, DNM1L and PGC-1α), but also their epigenetic regulator miRNA-17. To further explore the mode of action of carvedilol, we have investigated, in silico, the ability of carvedilol to target dynamin-1-like protein and mitochondrial dynamics protein (MID51). Our results revealed that carvedilol has a high binding affinity (-14.83 kcal/mol) toward the binding pocket of DNM1L protein. In conclusion, our study highlights the hepatoprotective pharmacological application of carvedilol to attenuate ischemic hepatitis associated with AHF.
Discovery of rare mutations in extensively pooled DNA samples using multiple target enrichment (2014)

Chemical mutagenesis is routinely used to create large numbers of rare mutations in plant and animal populations, which can be subsequently subjected to selection for beneficial traits and phenotypes that enable the characterization of gene functions. Several next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based target enrichment methods have been developed for the detection of mutations in target DNA regions. However, most of these methods aim to sequence a large number of target regions from a small number of individuals. Here, we demonstrate an effective and affordable strategy for the discovery of rare mutations in a large sodium azide-induced mutant rice population (F2 ). The integration of multiplex, semi-nested PCR combined with NGS library construction allowed for the amplification of multiple target DNA fragments for sequencing. The 8 × 8 × 8 tridimensional DNA sample pooling strategy enabled us to obtain DNA sequences of 512 individuals while only sequencing 24 samples. A stepwise filtering procedure was then elaborated to eliminate most of the false positives expected to arise through sequencing error, and the application of a simple Student's t-test against position-prone error allowed for the discovery of 16 mutations from 36 enriched targeted DNA fragments of 1024 mutagenized rice plants, all without any false calls.
Abiotic Loss of Chemicals in Soil (1988)

A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the abiotic losses of organics in soil. 2,3- and 2,5-dichlorophenol were added to microcosms containing soil treated either by autoclaving or gamma irradiation or incubated under anoxic conditions. Biologically active aerobic microcosms were used as controls. Losses of the compounds were monitored using gas chromatography. Significant losses were observed in both the autoclaved and irradiated soils. Loss rates in the autoclaved soils were lowest; losses were greatest in the biologically active soils. Anoxic conditions slowed but did not stop the losses. Autoclaving and radiation appeared to increase the sorptive capacity of the soil. The study stresses the difficulty of achieving "sterile" conditions in soils, even when sound sterilization methods are used by competent analysts. Studies that report information about "sterile" conditions and abiotic losses of chemicals in soils should check for, and not presume, sterility in any tests that are conducted.
Gel electrolyte candidates for electrochromic devices (ECDs) (2004)

A comparison of key parameters of seven different gel electrolytes for use in electrochromic devices (ECD) is reported. The ionic conductivity, transmittance, and stability of the gel electrolytes are important considerations for smart window applications. The gel electrolytes were prepared by combining polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with a salt and a solvent combination. Two different salts, lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and trifluorosulfonimide (LiN(CF3SO2)2), and three solvent combinations, acetonitrile and propylene carbonate (ACN and PC), ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate (EC and PC), and Gamma-butyrolactone and propylene carbonate (GBL and PC) were investigated. Results show that gel electrolytes composed of a LiClO4 and GBL+PC combination and a LiClO4 and EC+PC combination are the best candidates for a smart window device based on its high conductivity over time and various temperatures, as well as its electrochemical stability and high transmittance.
The Use of Killed Vaccines in Immunization against an Intracellular Parasite: Toxoplasma Gondii (1972)

Abstract The pretreatment of mice with antigens prepared from killed Toxoplasma gondii induced long term protection against challenge with this organism. Resistance was measured in terms of length of survival and number of deaths following challenge with graded doses of the relatively avirulent C56 strain of Toxoplasma, and was observed when antigen was administered alone or incorporated into Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Freund's complete adjuvant also afforded significant protection. A protective role for humoral antibody was observed as significant resistance following the passive transfer of high titer anti-Toxoplasma antisera.
Authentication of the R06E Fruit Bat Cell Line (2012)

Fruit bats and insectivorous bats are believed to provide a natural reservoir for a wide variety of infectious diseases. Several lines of evidence, including the successful isolation of infectious viruses, indicate that Marburg virus and Ravn virus have found a major reservoir in colonies of the Egyptian rousette (Rousettus aegyptiacus). To facilitate molecular studies on virus-reservoir host interactions and isolation of viruses from environmental samples, we established cell lines from primary cells of this animal. The cell lines were given to several laboratories until we realized that a contamination with Vero cells in one of the cultures had occurred. Here we describe a general diagnostic procedure for identification of cross-species contamination with the focus on Vero and Rousettus cell lines, and summarize newly discovered properties of the cell lines that may pertain to pathogen discovery.
Engineering the Response of Terahertz Metasurfaces by Spatial Arrangement of Split-Ring Resonators (2012)

We demonstrate the effect of spatial arrangement of split-ring resonators (SRR) in a macrocell with two SRRs. The diagonal scheme presents the optimal coupling and constructively interfering scattered fields, in turn enhancing the quality factor.
Adaptive Harmonic and Disturbance Estimators for Rotary Machines with applications to Engines (2020)

In this article, we present a new method for estimation of the nonperiodic (mean) value and harmonics of unknown disturbance inputs with parametrically varying harmonic frequencies. The proposed methods shall be studied for mean value and harmonic estimation of internal combustion torque of an engine. The internal torque refers to the oscillatory torque resulting from the combustion process. Its estimation uses an unknown input observer approach with a proportional structure, modeling the combustion torque as disturbance. An adaptive harmonic estimator is developed to filter the nonperiodic mean value and the harmonic components using linear parameter-varying techniques. The developed estimation methods feature phase-free estimation, minimal model assumption, tunable noise attenuation, and efficient time-triggered implementation. Misfire event detection using harmonic filtering of generated torque is demonstrated using simulations. Experimental validation is performed on a dynamical engine test bench with a series-production four-cylinder diesel engine estimating the combustion torque and its mean value during engine start and transient operation. The generic nature of the proposed technique is demonstrated by applying it to estimate nonperiodic speed values of an electric machine operated in tandem with a two-cylinder gasoline engine.