gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenolic Compounds from the Lichen Lobaria orientalis (2017)

The chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract of Lobaria orientalis collected in the southwestern part of Central Vietnam led to the isolation of new β-orcinol depsidones, lobarientalones A and B (1 and 2), and diphenyl ethers, lobariethers A-E (3-7). These types of structures are often reported in different lichen species, but the absolute configuration of the stereogenic acetal center has not been defined. This is the first assessment of the (1S) absolute configuration of the stereogenic acetal center using electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic data and by comparison with the ECD data of analogous compounds. Based on the co-occurrence of the depsidones, 1,10-di-O-methylstictic acid (8) and (1-2), and diphenyl ethers (3-7), a plausible biosynthesis route toward 1-8 is proposed.
An Improved Version of the Apparatus for Automatic Weight Selection of Cigarettes / Eine verbesserte Ausführung der Sortierwaage (1963)

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Nerve growth factor rapidly induces c-fos mRNA in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. (1986)

The nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated increase in c-fos gene expression in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line has been investigated. NGF treatment of PC12 cells results in an increased level of c-fos mRNA within 15 min. An approximately 100-fold increase in the level of c-fos mRNA occurs 30-45 min after exposure to NGF and the c-fos mRNA concentration returns to its basal level 2 hr after NGF treatment. Thus, the half-life of this RNA transcript is extremely short. In the presence of cycloheximide, the c-fos gene is superinduced and the increased level of c-fos mRNA persists for at least 24 hr. The induction of c-fos gene expression was further studied by utilizing a monoclonal antibody (mAb-192) that is directed against the NGF receptor but does not compete with NGF for binding to the receptor. Treatment of the cells with mAb-192 inhibits the NGF-stimulated elevation of c-fos mRNA, suggesting that the antibody may interfere with the receptor's ability to generate the signal required to stimulate the transcription of this gene. NGF is not the only agent capable of inducing c-fos gene expression in these cells; epidermal growth factor, the tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and the calcium ionophore A23187, agents that induce the c-fos gene in other cell lines, are also effective in PC12 cells. The mRNA for the nuclear protein fos is rapidly induced by NGF and other agents to which PC12 cells respond. This supports the hypothesis that the fos gene product may play a role in signal transduction.
Crown Ether Palladacycles as Metalloligands: Suitable Precursors for Tetranuclear Mixed Transition/Non-Transition Metal Complexes (2009)

Reaction of Pd(OAc)2 with the Schiff base ligands 2,3,4-(MeO)3C6H2C(H)═N-[9,10-(C8H16O5)C6H3] (a) and 2,3,4-(MeO)3C6H2C(H)═N[9,10-(C10H20O6)C6H3] (b) leads to the cyclometalated compounds [Pd{2,3,4-(MeO)3C6HC(H)═N-[9,10-(C8H16O5)C6H3]-C6,N}(μ-O2CMe)]2 (1a) and [Pd{2,3,4-(MeO)3C6HC(H)═N[9,10-(C10H20O6)C6H3]-C6,N}(μ-O2CMe)]2 (1b), respectively, via C−H activation. The metathesis reaction of 1a with aqueous tetrabutylammonium chloride gave the corresponding cyclopalladated dimer with bridging chloride ligands, 2a. Treatment of the dimer compounds with NaClO4, KClO4, NH4PF6, Pb(SCN)2, RbClO4, and Ba(ClO4)2 gave the corresponding products in which the cation (Na+, K+, NH4+, Pb2+, Rb+, Ba2+) was coordinated to the crown ether moiety. The structures of compounds 1a and 6a (a complex with one Na+ cation coordinated to each crown ether group) have been determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis.
Epithelial-Immune Cell Interaction in Dry Eye (2008)

Dry eye is a potent stimulus of both innate and adaptive immune systems. At the nexus of the dry eye inflammatory/immune response is the dynamic interplay between the ocular surface epithelia and the bone marrow-derived immune cells. On the one hand, ocular surface epithelial cells play a key initiating role in this inflammatory reaction. On the other hand, they are targets of cytokines produced by activated T cells that are recruited to the ocular surface in response to dry eye. This interaction between epithelial and immune cells in dry eye will be thoroughly reviewed.
Impact of GP direct-access computerised tomography for the investigation of chronic daily headache (2010)

Direct-access CT is now the preferred choice of management for patients with chronic daily headache in primary care. Patients and GPs are reassured by a normal scan in the majority of cases. There may be cost savings, although confirmation of cost-effectiveness would require further study.
Mobile Cell-Free Massive MIMO: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions (2023)

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which exploit many geographically distributed access points to coherently serve user equipments via spatial multiplexing on the same time-frequency resource, has become a vital component of the next-generation mobile communication networks. Theoretically, CF massive MIMO systems have many advantages, such as large capacity, great coverage, and high reliability, but several obstacles must be overcome. In this article, we study the paradigm of CF massive MIMO-aided mobile communications, including the main application scenarios and associated deployment architectures. Furthermore, we thoroughly investigate the challenges of CF massive MIMO-aided mobile communications. We then exploit a novel predictor antenna, hierarchical cancellation, rate-splitting and dynamic clustering system for CF massive MIMO. Finally, several important research directions regarding CF massive MIMO for mobile communications are presented to facilitate further investigation.
A Dual Network Solution (DNS) for Lag-Free Time Series Forecasting (2020)

When it comes to time series forecasting, lag in the predicted sequence can be a predominant issue. Unfortunately, this is often overlooked in most of the time series literature as this does not contribute to a high prediction error (i.e. MSE). However, it leads to a rather poor forecast in terms of movement prediction in time series. In this article, we tackle this basic problem with a novel trend driven mechanism. Trend, defined as the inherent pattern of the data, is extracted here and utilized next to perform a lag-free forecasting. We propose a generic and light Dual Network Solution (DNS), where the first network predicts the trend and the second network utilizes that predicted trend along with its historical information to capture the dynamical behavior of the time series efficiently. DNS exhibits a substantially improved (≈10% better) performance compared to more complex and resource-intensive state-of-the- art algorithms in large scale regression problems. Apart from the traditional Mean Squared Error (MSE), we also propose a new Movement Prediction Metric or MPM (for detection of lag in time series) as a new complementary performance metric to evaluate the efficacy of DNS better.
Limiting error bounds for the continuous channel (1987)

The paper presents an approach by which absolute error bounds may be derived for the continuous channel, thus determining the limits of the performance of a modulation and coding scheme. The code is considered as a set of points in n-dimensional space, and the concept of a sphere-packing in n dimensions based on the regular simplex is used to determine the maximum packing density. The effect of code points on the edges of the signal space is also considered. Upper and lower bounds on the error rate are derived for various code rates and various block lengths (numbers of dimensions). The results are of relevance to combined coding/modulation schemes, and n-dimensional coding schemes, and show that a coding advantage of approximately 2dB is obtained for every doubling of the number of dimensions.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Preclinical Anticancer Efficacy of BET Bromodomain Inhibitors Is Determined by the Apoptotic Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains additional information regarding the methods used in the manuscript, including shRNA sequences, peptide and antibody information, and details about analysis methods.&lt;/p&gt;
P070 MACROPHAGE-EXPRESSED ERBB4 PLAYS A PROTECTIVE ROLE IN THE ONSET AND RESOLUTION OF EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS (2018)

that a LFD improves the QoL of patients with quiescent or mild UC and this improvement is correlated with changes in the microbiome. The LFD also increased the abundance of bacteria traditionally associated with a healthy microbiome. This simple dietary intervention would provide clinicians an informed recommendations to improve the QoL their patients. P070
A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: III. Cattle requirements and diet adequacy (1992)

The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has equations for predicting nutrient requirements, feed intake, and feed utilization over wide variations in cattle (frame size, body condition, and stage of growth), feed carbohydrate and protein fractions and their digestion and passage rates, and environmental conditions. Independent data were used to validate the ability of the CNCPS to predict responses compared to National Research Council (NRC) systems. With DMI in steers, the CNCPS had a 12% lower standard error of the Y estimate (Sy.x) and three percentage units less bias than the NRC system. For DMI in heifers, both systems had a similar Sy.x but the NRC had four percentage units less bias. With lactating dairy cows' DMI, the CNCPS had a 12% lower Sy.x. Observed NEm requirement averaged 5% under NRC and 6% under CNCPS predicted values at temperatures above 9 degrees C but were 18% over NRC and 9% under CNCPS at temperatures under 9 degrees C. Energy retained was predicted with an R2 of .80 and .95 and a bias of 8 and 4% for the NRC and CNCPS, respectively. Protein retained was predicted with an R2 of .75 and .85 with a bias of 0 and -1% for NRC and CNCPS, respectively. Biases due to frame size, implant, or NEg were small. Body condition scores predicted body fat percentage in dairy cows with an R2 of .93 and a Sy.x of 2.35% body fat. The CNCPS predicted metabolizable protein allowable ADG with a bias of 1.6% with a Sy.x of .07 kg compared to values of -30% and .10 kg, respectively for the NRC system.
A Rapid, Sensitive Assay for Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 Biovar 2 in Plant and Soil Samples Using Magnetic Beads and Real-Time PCR (2011)

The Ralstonia solanacearum species complex causes economically significant diseases in many plant families worldwide. Although generally limited to the tropics and subtropics, strains designated race 3 biovar 2 (R3Bv2) cause disease in cooler tropical highlands and temperate regions. R3Bv2 has not become established in North America but, due to concerns that it could devastate the U.S. potato industry, it has been designated a Select Agent, and is subject to strict quarantine regulations. Quarantine screening for R3Bv2 requires rapid and robust assays applicable to small populations present in plant tissues or soil, and must distinguish R3Bv2 from the multiple other R. solanacearum subgroups. We developed a 100%-accurate real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay that can detect R3Bv2 populations >1,000 cells ml<sup>-1</sup>. However, detection by RT-PCR was inhibited by compounds present in some plant and soil samples. Therefore, we developed simple immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and magnetic capture hybridization (MCH) methods to purify R. solanacearum cells or DNA from PCR inhibitors. When coupled with RT-PCR, these tools permitted detection of R3Bv2 at levels >500 cells ml<sup>-1</sup> in stem, tuber, and soil samples when direct RT-PCR failed, and reduced detection time from days to hours. IMS-RT-PCR was usually more sensitive than MCH-RT-PCR, especially at lower population levels.
Soy supplementation: Impact on gene expression in different tissues of ovariectomized rats and evaluation of the rat model to predict (post)menopausal health effect (2018)

This toxicogenomic study was conducted to predict (post)menopausal human health effects of commercial soy supplementation using ovariectomized rats as a model. Different target tissues (i.e. breast, uterus and sternum) and non-target tissues (i.e. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), adipose and liver) of ovariectomized F344 rats exposed to a commercially available soy supplement for eight weeks, were investigated. Changes in gene expression in these tissues were analysed using whole-genome microarray analysis. No correlation in changes in gene expression were observed among different tissues, indicating tissue specific effects of soy isoflavone supplementation. Out of 87 well-established estrogen responsive genes (ERGs), only 19 were found to be significantly regulated (p < 0.05) in different tissues, particularly in liver, adipose and uterus tissues. Surprisingly, no ERGs were significantly regulated in estrogen sensitive breast and sternum tissues. The changes in gene expression in PBMC and adipose tissue in rats were compared with those in (post)menopausal female volunteers who received the same supplement in a similar oral dose and exposure duration in human intervention studies. No correlation in changes in gene expression between rats and humans was observed. Although receiving a similar dose, in humans the plasma levels expressed as total free aglycones were several folds higher than in the rat. Therefore, the overall results in young ovariectomized female F344 rats indicated that using rat transcriptomic data does not provide a suitable model for human risk or benefit analysis of soy isoflavone supplementation.
A Novel Immunotherapy for Alzheimers Disease: Antibodies against the &#946;-Secretase Cleavage Site of APP (2007)

One of the main neuropathological lesions observed at brain autopsy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are the extracellular senile plaques mainly composed of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides. Abeta is generated by proteolytic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) via beta and gamma-secretases. The beta-secretase APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) has become a target of intense research aimed at blocking the enzyme activity. Recent studies showed that BACE1 is involved in processing other non-APP substrates, and that other proteases are involved in APP processing. We have recently established a novel approach to inhibit Abeta production via antibodies against the beta-secretase cleavage site of APP. These antibodies bind wild type and Swedish mutated APP expressed in transgenic mice brain tissues. The isolated antibodies do not bind any form of Abeta peptides. Antibody up-take experiments, using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing wild-type APP, suggest that antibody internalization and trafficking are mediated via the endocytic pathway. Administration of antibodies to the cells growing media resulted in a considerable decrease in intracellular Abeta levels, as well as in the levels of the corresponding C-terminal fragment (C99). The relevance of intra-neuronal accumulation of mainly Abeta42 as an early event in AD pathogenesis suggests that this approach may be applicable as a novel therapeutic strategy in AD treatment.
Efficacy of ustekinumab in the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease with failure to previous conventional or biologic therapy: a prospective observational real-life study. (2021)

Ustekinumab (UST), a human anti-IL12/23p40 monoclonal antibody, was approved by FDA and EMA for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD). Whether UST is effective in inducing deep remission, including mucosal healing and transmural healing, in patients with CD in a real life setting is not completely clear. This study was performed on 92 subjects with confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe Crohn's disease and no neoplasia. Before inclusion, all patients had been exposed and had failed to respond to conventional and/or at least one biological therapy. All patients underwent endoscopic examination and bowel MRI and ultrasonography at baseline (T0). At week 52 (T52), patients underwent colonoscopy for assessment of mucosal healing and MRI or ultrasonography for assessment of transmural healing. CDAI was used for the assessment of clinical response and clinical remission. SES-CD was used to assess endoscopic response and remission. Incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) was recorded during the study period. Clinical response at week 52 was achieved in 38 (50.5%) patients and clinical remission in 29 (39%). Twenty-six (34%) patients showed mucosal healing, 34 (45%) showed partial endoscopic response. We observed a reduction in SES-CD of at least 50% in 34 (45%) patients as well as an SES-CD ≤ 2 in 26 (35%) patients. All patients with mucosal healing also showed transmural healing. No major TRAEs were observed during treatment. In this multicenter, real life study, we show that UST was well tolerated and effective in inducing clinical response and clinical remission in patients with moderate to severe CD who had previously failed to respond to conventional or biologic therapy. UST showed limited efficacy in inducing deep remission (i.e. mucosal+transmural healing).
Experimental demonstration of digital predistortion for orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing‐radio over fibre links near laser resonance (2015)

Radio over fibre (RoF), an enabling technology for distribution of wireless broadband service signals through analogue optical links, suffers from non‐linear distortion. Digital predistortion has been demonstrated as an effective approach to overcome the RoF non‐linearity. However, questions remain as to how the approach performs close to laser resonance, a region of significant dynamic non‐linearity, and how resilient the approach is to changes in input signal and link operating conditions. In this work, the performance of a digital predistortion approach is studied for directly modulated orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing RoF links operating from 2.47 to 3.7 GHz. It extends previous works to higher frequencies, and to higher quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) levels. In addition, the resilience of the predistortion approach to changes in modulation level of QAM schemes, and average power levels are investigated, and a novel predistortion training approach is proposed and demonstrated. Both memoryless and memory polynomial predistorter models, and a simple off‐line least‐squares‐based identification method, are used, with excellent performance improvements demonstrated up to 3.0 GHz.
Photoconductive properties of undoped and nitrogen‐doped ZnO single crystals in various ambiences (2016)

Abstract The effects of ambiences on photoconductive properties of the Zn‐face of undoped ZnO and nitrogen‐doped ZnO (ZnO:N) single crystals are described. Oxygen (O 2 ) gas affected the photocurrent spectra of the Zn‐face of both single crystals. The photocurrent was smallest in O 2 gas and was largest in the vacuum ambience. The influence of ambience was very small in the visible light region but was large in the UV region. Regardless of the ambience, photocurrent of the Zn‐face of ZnO:N showed no sensitivity in the visible region. The decay time response of undoped ZnO and ZnO:N single crystals was also affected by the ambience. Decay time responses of both single crystals were fastest in O 2 gas and were slowest in the vacuum ambience. The decay time response of the ZnO:N single crystal was faster than that of the undoped ZnO single crystal. These results showed that the effect of oxygen‐mediated surface recombination is strong in both large single crystals with very small surface‐to‐volume ratio and no grain boundary effect. The results also showed that doped nitrogen decreases the density of electron and hole traps near the surface region of the crystals. It is thought that steepness of band bending near the surface of a ZnO:N single crystal is smaller than that of an undoped ZnO single crystal. In conclusion, the Zn‐face of a ZnO:N single crystal sealed with O 2 gas is useful as a photoconductive type UV sensor. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
TOWARDS THE LOW-NOISE RAILWAY - THE DB NOISE REDUCTION RESEARCH PROGRAMME (2000)

The research programme of the Deutsche Bahn AG (DB) is presented, which aims for a major leap within the next years towards less railway noise production. In five projects primary noise experience via the ambient air as well as the secondary noise experience via the ground vibrations are tackled from the source to the residents. Beside these investigations, the sound perception and noise assessment is paid attention, too. For the covering abstract see ITRD E107776.
Farnesyltransferase inhibitor R115777 (Zarnestra, Tipifarnib) synergizes with paclitaxel to induce apoptosis and mitotic arrest and to inhibit tumor growth of multiple myeloma cells (2005)

Despite major advances, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable malignancy. Recently we have found that disease stabilization was achieved in 64% of patients with advanced MM treated with the farnesyltransferase inhibitor R115777 (Zarnestra) in a phase 2 clinical trial. In order to enhance R115777 antitumor activity in MM, we examined the combination of this novel agent with other anticancer drugs in MM cell lines. In this study, R115777 was found to synergize with paclitaxel and docetaxel, but not with other chemotherapy agents, including doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, cisplastin, melphalan, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone. R115777 synergized with paclitaxel to inhibit MM cell proliferation and to induce apoptosis. Synergism in the induction of apoptosis was accompanied by increase in cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis also showed that paclitaxel and R115777 synergized to induce G(2)/M cell-cycle arrest. Importantly, synergism was observed in taxane- and R115777-resistant MM cells. In the human severe combined immunodeficient (SCID-hu) bone model of myeloma growth, the ability of paclitaxel to inhibit tumor growth in vivo was enhanced by R115777. Combination of paclitaxel or docetaxel with R115777 in the treatment of MM cells from patients with multiple myeloma was more beneficial than treatment with single agents. Our results provide the basis for combination therapy clinical trials with paclitaxel or docetaxel with R115777 in MM patients.
Canonical Correlation Analysis for Data Fusion and Group Inferences (2010)

We have presented two CCA-based approaches for data fusion and group analysis of biomedical imaging data and demonstrated their utility on fMRI, sMRI, and EEG data. The results show that CCA and M-CCA are powerful tools that naturally allow the analysis of multiple data sets. The data fusion and group analysis methods presented are completely data driven, and use simple linear mixing models to decompose the data into their latent components. Since CCA and M-CCA are based on second-order statistics they provide a relatively lessstrained solution as compared to methods based on higherorder statistics such as ICA. While this can be advantageous, the flexibility also tends to lead to solutions that are less sparse than those obtained using assumptions of non-Gaussianity-in particular superGaussianity-at times making the results more difficult to interpret. Thus, it is important to note that both approaches provide complementary perspectives, and hence it is beneficial to study the data using different analysis techniques.