gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The structure and role of the carbohydrate moieties of influenza virus haemagglutinin (1983)

Conference Article| April 01 1983 The structure and role of the carbohydrate moieties of influenza virus haemagglutinin IAN A. WILSON; IAN A. WILSON ‡ *Gibbs Laboratory, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Ma 02138, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT C. LADNER; ROBERT C. LADNER *Gibbs Laboratory, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Ma 02138, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN J. SKEHEL; JOHN J. SKEHEL †National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DON C. WILEY DON C. WILEY *Gibbs Laboratory, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Ma 02138, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1983) 11 (2): 145–147. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110145 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation IAN A. WILSON, ROBERT C. LADNER, JOHN J. SKEHEL, DON C. WILEY; The structure and role of the carbohydrate moieties of influenza virus haemagglutinin. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1983; 11 (2): 145–147. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110145 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Receive diversity versus space time block codes in IEEE 802.11a and ETSI HIPERLAN/2 (2003)

The aim of this study is to enhance the performance of the current 802.11a and HIPERLAN/2 standards by employing multiple antennas at the transmitter, receiver, or both. These systems use coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (COFDM) technology and provide channel adaptive data rates of up to 54 Mbits/s. However, the performance of both standards can be improved, especially in environments with high root mean square (RMS) delay spread where uncoded data suffers from significant interchannel interference. Current techniques such as receive diversity and space time block codes (STBC) are presented as a simple solution to enhance these standards. The paper explains the characteristics of these technique and results are presented in order to discuss their merits and demerits. The paper also determines which technique offers the highest performance without the addition of significant complexity at the receiver. Receive diversity techniques should be considered for inclusion in devices requiring large coverage and high data rates, and STBC for inclusion in fixed access point devices.
Differential inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced phenomena by anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody (1990)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) has been implicated as a major mediator of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced phenomena. Administration to mice of a polyclonal, monospecific antibody prepared against recombinant murine TNF alpha abolished detection of LPS-induced TNF alpha activity and significantly reduced levels of LPS-induced colony-stimulating factor but failed to reduce the production of LPS-induced interferon, corticosterone, or LPS-induced hypoglycemia.
Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to Morphine by Patient-Controlled Analgesia in the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Perioperative Care1 Apr 1999Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to Morphine by Patient-Controlled Analgesia in the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain S.A. Schug, D.A. Sidebotham, M. McGuinnety, J. Thomas, and L. Fox S.A. SchugS.A. Schug More articles by this author , D.A. SidebothamD.A. Sidebotham More articles by this author , M. McGuinnetyM. McGuinnety More articles by this author , J. ThomasJ. Thomas More articles by this author , and L. FoxL. Fox More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61735-XAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to Morphine by Patient-Controlled Analgesia in the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain." The Journal of Urology, 161(4), p. 1412 Department of Pharmacology, Section of Anaesthetics, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 4April 1999Page: 1412 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information S.A. Schug More articles by this author D.A. Sidebotham More articles by this author M. McGuinnety More articles by this author J. Thomas More articles by this author L. Fox More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Glutamatergic input varies with phrenic motor neuron size (2019)

Like all skeletal muscles, the diaphragm muscle accomplishes a range of motor behaviors by recruiting different motor unit types in an orderly fashion. Recruitment of phrenic motor neurons (PhMNs) is generally assumed to be based primarily on the intrinsic properties of PhMNs with an equal distribution of descending excitatory inputs to all PhMNs. However, differences in presynaptic excitatory input across PhMNs of varying sizes could also contribute to the orderly recruitment pattern. In the spinal cord of Sprague-Dawley rats, we retrogradely labeled PhMNs using cholera toxin B (CTB) and validated a robust confocal imaging-based technique that utilizes semiautomated processing to identify presynaptic glutamatergic (Glu) terminals within a defined distance around the somal membrane of PhMNs of varying size. Our results revealed an ~10% higher density of Glu terminals at PhMNs in the lower tertile of somal surface area. These smaller PhMNs are likely recruited first to accomplish lower force ventilatory behaviors of the diaphragm as compared with larger PhMNs in the upper tertile that are recruited to accomplish higher force expulsive behaviors. These results suggest that differences in excitatory synaptic input to PhMNs may also contribute to the orderly recruitment of diaphragm motor units.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> The distribution of excitatory glutamatergic synaptic input to phrenic motor neurons differs across motor neurons of varying size. These findings support the size principle of motor unit recruitment that underlies graded force generation in a muscle, which is based on intrinsic electrophysiological properties of motor neurons resulting from differences in somal surface area. A higher density of glutamatergic inputs at smaller, more excitable motor neurons substantiates the earlier and more frequent recruitment of these units.
Appendix 3 – Flame Retardants: Chemical Names and CAS Numbers (2021)

No AccessPlastics Flammability HandbookMar 2021Appendix 3 – Flame Retardants: Chemical Names and CAS NumbersRudolf PfaendnerRudolf Pfaendnerhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569907634.016SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2021Pages: 775-778Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-762-7eISBN: 978-1-56990-763-4 Copyright & Permissions© 2021 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Lysine-specific molecular tweezers are broad-spectrum inhibitors of assembly and toxicity of amyloid proteins (2011)

Amyloidoses are diseases characterized by abnormal protein folding and self-assembly, for which no cure is available. Inhibition or modulation of abnormal protein self-assembly, therefore, is an attractive strategy for prevention and treatment of amyloidoses. We examined Lys-specific molecular tweezers and discovered a lead compound termed CLR01, which is capable of inhibiting the aggregation and toxicity of multiple amyloidogenic proteins by binding to Lys residues and disrupting hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions important for nucleation, oligomerization, and fibril elongation. Importantly, CLR01 shows no toxicity at concentrations substantially higher than those needed for inhibition. We used amyloid β-protein (Aβ) to further explore the binding site(s) of CLR01 and the impact of its binding on the assembly process. Mass spectrometry and solution-state NMR demonstrated binding of CLR01 to the Lys residues in Aβ at the earliest stages of assembly. The resulting complexes were indistinguishable in size and morphology from Aβ oligomers but were nontoxic and were not recognized by the oligomer-specific antibody A11. Thus, CLR01 binds already at the monomer stage and modulates the assembly reaction into formation of nontoxic structures. The data suggest that molecular tweezers are unique, process-specific inhibitors of aberrant protein aggregation and toxicity, which hold promise for developing disease-modifying therapy for amyloidoses.
Study of the Construction of the Tiacumicin B Aglycone (2017)

Our study of the synthesis of the aglycone of tiacumicin B is discussed here. We imagined two possible strategies featuring a main retrosynthetic disconnection between C13 and C14. The first strategy was based on Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of 1,1-dichloro-1-alkenes, but the failure of this pathway led us to use a Pd/Cu-dual-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkynes with allenes that had never been implemented before in a total synthesis context. We used density functional theory calculations to guide our strategic choices concerning a [2.3]-Wittig rearrangement step and the final ring-size selective Yamaguchi macrolactonization. This led to two syntheses of the aglycone of tiacumicin B, with one of last generation delivering ultimately an adequately protected and glycosylation-ready aglycone.
ADrosophilaModel of Neuronopathic Gaucher Disease Demonstrates Lysosomal-Autophagic Defects and Altered mTOR Signalling and Is Functionally Rescued by Rapamycin (2016)

Glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) mutations are associated with Gaucher disease (GD), an autosomal recessive disorder caused by functional deficiency of glucocerebrosidase (GBA), a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes glucosylceramide to ceramide and glucose. Neuronopathic forms of GD can be associated with rapid neurological decline (Type II) or manifest as a chronic form (Type III) with a wide spectrum of neurological signs. Furthermore, there is now a well-established link between GBA1 mutations and Parkinson's disease (PD), with heterozygote mutations in GBA1 considered the commonest genetic defect in PD. Here we describe a novel Drosophila model of GD that lacks the two fly GBA1 orthologs. This knock-out model recapitulates the main features of GD at the cellular level with severe lysosomal defects and accumulation of glucosylceramide in the fly brain. We also demonstrate a block in autophagy flux in association with reduced lifespan, age-dependent locomotor deficits and accumulation of autophagy substrates in dGBA-deficient fly brains. Furthermore, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is downregulated in dGBA knock-out flies, with a concomitant upregulation of Mitf gene expression, the fly ortholog of mammalian TFEB, likely as a compensatory response to the autophagy block. Moreover, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin is able to partially ameliorate the lifespan, locomotor, and oxidative stress phenotypes. Together, our results demonstrate that this dGBA1-deficient fly model is a useful platform for the further study of the role of lysosomal-autophagic impairment and the potential therapeutic benefits of rapamycin in neuronopathic GD. These results also have important implications for the role of autophagy and mTOR signaling in GBA1-associated PD SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We developed a Drosophila model of neuronopathic GD by knocking-out the fly orthologs of the GBA1 gene, demonstrating abnormal lysosomal pathology in the fly brain. Functioning lysosomes are required for autophagosome-lysosomal fusion in the autophagy pathway. We show in vivo that autophagy is impaired in dGBA-deficient fly brains. In response, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity is downregulated in dGBA-deficient flies and rapamycin ameliorates the lifespan, locomotor, and oxidative stress phenotypes. dGBA knock-out flies also display an upregulation of the Drosophila ortholog of mammalian TFEB, Mitf, a response that is unable to overcome the autophagy block. Together, our results suggest that rapamycin may have potential benefits in the treatment of GD, as well as PD linked to GBA1 mutations.
Exploiting arrays with multiple invariances using MUSIC and MODE (2001)

This paper describes several new techniques for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using arrays composed of multiple translated and uncalibrated subarrays. The new algorithms can be thought of as generalizations of the MUSIC, Root-MUSIC, and MODE techniques originally developed for fully calibrated arrays. The advantage of these new approaches is that the DOAs can be estimated using either a simple one-dimensional (1-D) search or by rooting a polynomial, as opposed to the multidimensional search required by multiple invariance (MI)-ESPRIT. When it can be applied, the proposed MI-MODE algorithm shares the statistical optimality of MI-ESPRIT. While MI-MUSIC and Root-MI-MUSIC are only optimal for uncorrelated sources, they perform better than a single invariance implementation of ESPRIT and are thus better suited for finding the initial conditions required by the MI-ESPRIT search.
Assessment of pericardial disease by magnetic resonance and computed tomography (2004)

Pericardial disease and its consequences can be well shown with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). Here I review the normal and pathologic anatomy and physiology of the pericardium, approaches to MRI and CT imaging of the pericardium, and some specific considerations in common conditions affecting the pericardium.
PROS2E, a Probabilistic Representation of Safety and Security Events for Diagnosis (2020)

The recent and increasing interconnection of industrial systems with information technologies creates a new paradigm in which new challenges arise. Being able to provide an explanation when accidents and attacks strike the system is one of them. This article presents an event model designed to provide useful and relevant information for diagnosis of safety and security events. We provide a means for system experts to model elementary events that are automatically recombined in complex and complete scenarios. We specifically focus on the ability to represent countermeasures and sequences of events, recurrent problems in the literature. We also introduce a means to precisely measure the wear of components, an important feature for the model to obtain accurate values. We showcase the use of our model for diagnosis purposes on a cyber-physical system testbed.
Crystal Structure of the Actin Binding Domain of the Cyclase-Associated Protein (2004)

Cyclase-associated protein (CAP or Srv2p) is a modular actin monomer binding protein that directly regulates filament dynamics and has been implicated in a number of complex developmental and morphological processes, including mRNA localization and the establishment of cell polarity. The crystal structure of the C-terminal dimerization and actin monomer binding domain (C-CAP) reveals a highly unusual dimer, composed of monomers possessing six coils of right-handed beta-helix flanked by antiparallel beta-strands. Domain swapping, involving the last two strands of each monomer, results in the formation of an extended dimer with an extensive interface. This structural and biochemical characterization provides new insights into the organization and potential mechanistic properties of the multiprotein assemblies that integrate dynamic actin processes into the overall physiology of the cell. An unanticipated finding is that the unique tertiary structure of the C-CAP monomer provides a structural model for a wide range of molecules, including RP2 and cofactor C, proteins involved in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa and tubulin maturation, respectively, as well as several uncharacterized proteins that exhibit very diverse domain organizations. Thus, the unusual right-handed beta-helical fold present in C-CAP appears to support a wide range of biological functions.
Evaluation of Flow Cell Detector Configurations Combining Simultaneous Preconcentration and Scintillation Detection for Monitoring of Pertechnetate in Aqueous Media (2006)

Flow cell detectors were developed for simultaneous concentration and scintillation detection of technetium-99 in water. Evaluated flow cell geometries consisted of a coil and a fountain flow cell design; the latter is based on radial solution flow through a resin bed interfaced with a photomultiplier tube through a polycarbonate window. The sorptive scintillating media investigated were (1) an extractive scintillator combining a porous polystyrene resin with the extractant Aliquat-336 and fluor 2-(1-naphthyl)-5-phenyloxazole, (2) a mixed bed of organic scintillator (BC-400) and Tc-selective resin (TEVA), and (3) a mixed bed of inorganic scintillator particles (CaF2-Eu) with either TEVA resin or strong base anion-exchange resin (Dowex 1 x 8-400(Cl)). Depending on flow cell geometry and medium, the detection efficiencies for 99Tc ranged from 7.26 (BC-400/TEVA in coil geometry) to 50.20% (CaF2(Eu)/Dowex 1 x 8-400(Cl) in fountain flow cell geometry). The configuration with the highest sensitivity, CaF2(Eu)/Dowex 1 x 8-400(Cl) in coil geometry, can detect 99Tc as low as 3.78 Bq L(-1) for a 100-s count interval and a 200-mL sample, which is below the current regulatory level of 33 Bq L(-1). The issue of sensor reusability was addressed in this research, and its potential application at near neutral pH was demonstrated. The optimal sensor design was evaluated with a 99Tc-spiked synthetic groundwater matrix.
Self-Repairing Oxetane-Substituted Chitosan Polyurethane Networks (2009)

Polyurethanes have many properties that qualify them as high-performance polymeric materials, but they still suffer from mechanical damage. We report the development of polyurethane networks that exhibit self-repairing characteristics upon exposure to ultraviolet light. The network consists of an oxetane-substituted chitosan precursor incorporated into a two-component polyurethane. Upon mechanical damage of the network, four-member oxetane rings open to create two reactive ends. When exposed to ultraviolet light, chitosan chain scission occurs, which forms crosslinks with the reactive oxetane ends, thus repairing the network. These materials are capable of repairing themselves in less than an hour and can be used in many coatings applications, ranging from transportation to packaging or fashion and biomedical industries.
Estimation of cellular parameters in the compartmental analysis of Li+ transport in Lemna gibba using the stable isotopes, 6Li and 7Li, as tracers (1984)

Using the conventional methods of compartmental analysis has led us to recognize three main compartments in the Lemna cells: the cell‐wall, cytoplasm and vacuolc. The half‐times of Li + isotopic exchange were of the order of a few minutes, a few hours and a few days, respectively. The possible existence of a 4th, small, and almost non‐exchangeable compartment cannot be excluded. Despite different possible sources of uncertainty (ambiguity of the kinetic solutions, no uniformity of cell types in the plant material, uncertainties in the estimations of electric potentials), the data were consistent with i) Li + being actively extruded from the cytoplasm, both towards the exterior and the vacuole, ii) the electrochemical potential difference of Li+ being of the order of ‐25 kj mol across the plasmalemma, and in the range of 5 to 10 kJ mol across the tonoplast, and iii) the passive permeability coefficients of Li+ being in the range of 10 to 10 m s both for the plasmalemma and the tonoplast.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Perioperative, Spatiotemporally Coordinated Activation of T and NK Cells Prevents Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Analysis of CD4+CD25+ cells in immune cell populations isolated from primary tumors after neoadjuvant treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
Controlling the rate of organic reactions: rational design of allosteric Diels-Alderase ribozymes (2006)

Allosteric mechanisms are widely used in nature to control the rates of enzymatic reactions, but little is known about RNA catalysts controlled by these principles. The only natural allosteric ribozyme reported to date catalyzes an RNA cleavage reaction, and so do almost all artificial systems. RNA has, however, been shown to accelerate a much wider range of chemical reactions. Here we report that RNA catalysts for organic reactions can be put under the stringent control of effector molecules by straight-forward rational design. This approach uses known RNA sequences with catalytic and ligand-binding properties, and exploits weakly conserved sequence elements and available structural information to induce the formation of alternative, catalytically inactive structures. The potential and general applicability is demonstrated by the design of three different systems in which the rate of a catalytic carbon-carbon bond forming reaction is positively regulated up to 2100-fold by theophylline, tobramycin and a specific mRNA sequence, respectively. Although smaller in size than a tRNA, all three ribozymes show typical features of allosteric metabolic enzymes, namely high rate acceleration and tight allosteric regulation. Not only do these findings demonstrate RNA's power as a catalyst, but also highlight on RNA's capabilities as signaling components in regulatory networks.
Egypt : Enhancing Access to Finance for Micro and Small Enterprises (2011)

This operation provides a $300m line of credit (Financial Intermediary Loan) through Egypt's Social Fund for Development (SFD), the apex body for micro and small enterprise finance, which would on-lend on commercial terms to eligible Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs), potential microfinance institutions (MFIs), and banks. The project objective is to increase micro and small enterprise credit sustainably and broaden the outreach of finance through innovative delivery mechanisms and financial products. It plans to contribute to a sustainable improvement in inclusive access to finance for micro and small enterprises on a commercial basis. The Project went to the Board in March 2010 and is planned to be completed at the end of 2015. This note is based on the Project Appraisal Document (PAD). The project is well underway as of the date of this note but it is too early for any implementation lessons to be collected. Overall, lack of access to finance has been a major factor constraining the growth of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Egypt. Microenterprise lending in Egypt is supported by a fragmented set of hundreds of NGOs distinct from the mainstream financial sector. SFD finances 390 NGOs that are on-lending to microenterprises, many of which are small in scale.