gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topological aspects of periodic and aperiodic photonic crystals (2022)

Topological properties of Bloch modes have been demonstrated in purely dielectric photonic crystals at high symmetry points where a hidden time reversal-like symmetry can be exhibited. So far, the topological properties that have been shown are essentially due to these symmetries. For one dimensional structure, we define a topological invariant that can be extended to lossy or aperiodic structures.
Cutaneous head and neck melanoma: the old and the new (2008)

The incidence rate of malignant melanoma has shown a rapid worldwide rise in recent years. The staging and management of head and neck melanoma presents some unique challenges. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment, while sentinel node biopsy is the most accurate staging modality for regional disease. The complex regional anatomy and lymphovascular drainage of this region may account for the increased biologic aggressiveness and treatment challenges of this disease. Improved understanding of the radiobiology of melanoma has resulted in new adjuvant radiotherapy approaches, yielding improved control rates. The treatment outcomes of metastatic head and neck melanoma remain disappointing but important progress has been made in the understanding of melanoma biology.
Purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici (1988)

An antimicrobial peptide designated pediocin AcH was isolated from Pediococcus acidilactici strain H. The pediocin AcH was purified by ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of pediocin AcH was determined by SDS-PAGE to be about 2700 daltons. Pediocin AcH was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes resistant to heat and organic solvents, and active over a wide range of pH. Pediocin AcH exhibited inhibition against several food spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes. It was bactericidal to sensitive cells and acted very rapidly. The bactericidal effect was not produced by either cell lysis or apparent loss of membrane permeability.
β-tricalcium phosphate for bone substitution: Synthesis and properties (2020)

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is one the most used and potent synthetic bone graft substitute. It is not only osteoconductive, but also osteoinductive. These properties, combined with its cell-mediated resorption, allow full bone defects regeneration. Its clinical outcome is sometimes considered to be "unpredictable", possibly due to a poor understanding of β-TCP physico-chemical properties: β-TCP crystallographic structure is not fully uncovered; recent results suggest that sintered β-TCP is coated with a Ca-rich alkaline phase; β-TCP apatite-forming ability and osteoinductivity may be enhanced by a hydrothermal treatment; β-TCP grain size and porosity are strongly modified by the presence of minute amounts of β-calcium pyrophosphate or hydroxyapatite impurities. The aim of the present article is to provide a critical, but still rather comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge on β-TCP, with a strong focus on its synthesis and physico-chemical properties, and their link to the in vivo response. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The present review documents the richness, breadth, and interest of the research devoted to β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). β-TCP is synthetic, osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and its resorption is cell-mediated, thus making it one of the most potent bone graft substitutes. This comprehensive review reveals that there are a number of aspects, such as surface chemistry, crystallography, or stoichiometry deviations, that are still poorly understood. As such, β-TCP is still an exciting scientific playground despite a 50 year long history and > 200 yearly publications.
Volcano radiography with GRPCs (2013)

The Tomuvol collaboration aims to develop a high resolution, robust and low power consumption muon tracker in order to perform density imaging of volcanoes using atmospheric muons. The technology used originates from the R&D of the Calice collaboration, which is developing imaging calorimeters for ILC. Here we present the design of the Tomuvol detector as well as the encouraging results of the preliminary measurement campaigns.
Laser Doppler flow for the hemodynamic differentiation of tachycardia (2022)

In this acute study, laser Doppler flowmetry tissue perfusion served as a good surrogate measure for arterial pressure, which could be incorporated into future ICDs.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of α‐Alkoxy and β‐Alkoxy Vinyl Ethers. (2012)

Abstract A variety of functionalized acid‐sensitive vinyl ethers is successfully hydrogenated in the presence of a chiral Ir—N‐carbene—oxazoline complex (ICOC).
Proteomic analysis of calcified abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms (2012)

Aortic aneurysm is a complex multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental risk factors. It is often accompanied by aortic calcification. Here, to uncover proteins that are significantly changed in calcified abdominal aortic aneurysms (CAAs) and calcified thoracic aortic aneurysms (CTAs) compared with those in adjacent normal aorta tissues, comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed proteins in their tissues was performed by a quantitative proteomic approach with iTRAQ labeling in combination with nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS/MS followed by ProteinPilot analysis. The proteomic analysis revealed 138 and 134 proteins differentially expressed in CAAs and CTAs in contrast to neighboring normal aorta tissues with high confidence, respectively. Significantly increased expression (≥1.3-fold) was found in 41 and 28 proteins, whereas decreased expression (<0.77-fold) was found in 4 and 60 proteins in CAAs and CTAs, respectively. Among them, we identified already known proteins involved in aneurysm formation and vascular calcification, such as type I and III collagen, matrix Gla protein, and α-2-HS-glycoprotein in CAAs and fibrinogen α, β and γ chains and α-2-HS-glycoprotein in CTAs with increased expression and mimecan in CAAs and fibulin-5 in CTAs with decreased expression. Based on the Panther pathway and Genesis clustering analyses, some of the proteins could be linked to corresponding biochemical pathways, such as the integrin signaling pathway with increased expression in CAAs, the blood coagulation pathway with increased expression in CTAs, and the inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway and the glycolysis pathway with decreased expression in CTAs. Interestingly, it was found by clustering analysis that samples from CAAs of patients with both CAAs and CTAs were clustered outside the samples of patients with CAAs and were clustered with samples of patients with CTAs. Our results provide a comprehensive patient-based proteomic analysis for the identification of potential biomarkers for CAAs and CTAs.
Studies on the Syntheses of Benzoquinone Ansamycin Antibiotics. Syntheses of the C(5)−C(15) Subunits of Macbecin I, Geldanamycin, and Herbimycin A (2006)

[reaction: see text] A general and convergent route to the C(5)-C(15) subunits of the benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotics macbecin I, geldanamycin, and herbimycin A is described. Each subunit is prepared by the stepwise coupling of differentially functionalized aldehydes with a pentenyl dianion equivalent derived from diastereoselective pentynylation and regioselective reductive coupling.
Adaptive compensation of diffusion-advection actuator dynamics using boundary measurements (2015)

For (potentially unstable) Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) systems with actuator delay, delay compensation can be obtained with a prediction-based control law. In this paper, we consider another class of PDE-ODE cascade, in which the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) accounts for diffusive effects. We investigate compensation of both convection and diffusion and extend a previously proposed control design to handle both uncertainty in the ODE parameters and boundary measurements. Robustness to small perturbations in the diffusion and convection coefficients is also proved.
Nanostructured Ceramic Coatings for Drug Delivery (2008)

Drug eluting stents (DES) have been successfully implemented in clinical practice in the treatment against coronary artery disease. Compared to the implantation of bare metal stents, restenosis rates decreased significantly after stenting of DES into coronary arteries [1, 2, 3]. This project aims at creating a novel, structured, ceramic drug delivering coating for stent implants. In the following, the preparation of a titanium dioxide (TiO2) film With macroporous drug reservoirs in a mesoporous bulk ceramic is shown. The film is predominantly composed of anatase. The broad pore size distribution has a median pore width below 100 nm. The open porosity of the mesoporous bulk, which is greater than 50%, and the embedded macropores were successfully loaded with Paclitaxel (PTX). The quantity of drug loaded reaches values up to 1.2 mu g/mm(2). The continuous release of the agent into water extends over I month. The biocompatibility of the non PTX-loaded, nanostructured coating tested with primary bovine endothelial cells shows good results regarding the number of living cells, the cell vitality and morphology.
Determining the shear plasticity of metals on the basis of torsion-tension tests (2013)

The ratio of the axial and angular deformation rates affects the stress state of samples in torsion with tension (compression). A method is proposed for determining the plasticity of metals on the basis of tests involving torsion with tension (compression).
Lipopolysaccharide, a Key Molecule Involved in the Synergism between Temporins in Inhibiting Bacterial Growth and in Endotoxin Neutralization (2008)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major structural component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and shields them from a variety of host defense factors, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). LPS is also recognized by immune cells as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern and stimulates them to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines that, in extreme cases, lead to a harmful host response known as septic shock. Previous studies have revealed that a few isoforms of the AMP temporin, produced within the same frog specimen, can synergize to overcome bacterial resistance imposed by the physical barrier of LPS. Here we found that temporins can synergize in neutralizing the LPS-induced macrophage activation. Furthermore, the synergism between temporins, to overcome the protective function of LPS as well as its endotoxic effect, depends on the length of the polysaccharide chain of LPS. Importantly, mode of action studies, using spectroscopic and thermodynamic methods, have pointed out different mechanisms underlying the synergism of temporins in antimicrobial and anti-endotoxin activities. To the best of our knowledge, such a dual synergism between isoforms of AMPs from the same species has not been observed before, and it might explain the ability of such amphibians to resist a large repertoire of microorganisms.
Interleukin-6 and melanoma (2012)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic immunomodulatory cytokine produced by various types of cells, including melanoma cells. IL-6 plays a major role in the pathogenesis and development of malignancies. It promotes tumour growth by inhibition of apoptosis and induces tumour angiogenesis. IL-6 is deregulated in many types of cancers, and increased serum concentration of IL-6 has been correlated with a worse prognosis in patients with different cancers, including melanoma. Several serum cytokines including IL-6 play an important role in the development and progression of melanoma; however, the specific biological functions of IL-6 in progression of melanoma are unknown. In this review, we present studies on cell cultures and mouse models and summarize published clinical studies on IL-6 and melanoma.
DNA Marker-based Study of Genetic Relatedness in United States Sweetpotato Cultivars (1996)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) approach was used to investigate genetic relationships among 30 U.S. sweetpotato ( Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.) genotypes including heirloom cultivars and recent releases. Phenogram, pairwise similarity matrix, and principal coordinate plots were developed based on Jaccard's coefficients using band-sharing data generated by seven octamer primers. All cultivars showed unique fingerprint patterns indicating the utility of DAF in cultivar identification. Many heirloom cultivars such as `Creole' and `Porto Rico' were readily differentiated from recently developed cultivars. Modern cultivars such as `Jewel', `Carver', `Nugget', and `Scarlet' exhibited a high degree of similarity reflecting ancestral relatedness. `Regal' and `Excel', recently developed using a population-based breeding approach, showed greater divergence from all other cultivars. Those cultivars, developed as a result of somatic mutations, exhibited high levels of genetic similarity to their normal-type parents and yet had distinct fingerprint profiles. With few exceptions, genetic relationships derived from DAF data appear to be consistent with available pedigree information.
Solid-State Nanopore-Based DNA Sequencing Technology (2016)

The solid-state nanopore-based DNA sequencing technology is becoming more and more attractive for its brand new future in gene detection field. The challenges that need to be addressed are diverse: the effective methods to detect base-specific signatures, the control of the nanopore’s size and surface properties, and the modulation of translocation velocity and behavior of the DNA molecules. Among these challenges, the realization of the high-quality nanopores with the help of modern micro/nanofabrication technologies is a crucial one. In this paper, typical technologies applied in the field of solid-state nanopore-based DNA sequencing have been reviewed.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Aspects of Cyclopropyl Conjugation: Experimental Studies and ab initio Calculations. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Radar sensor for an autonomous Antarctic explorer (1999)

The localization and identification of antarctic meteorites is a task of great scientific interest and with implications to planetary exploration. Autonomous search for antarctic meteorites presents a profound technical challenge. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) holds the prospect to safeguard antarctic robot from terrain dangers and detect subsurface objects. In January 1998, we validated a 500 MHz GPR sensor as part of a field robotic technology demonstration at Patriot Hills, Antarctica. We deployed the sensor from a sled and integrate with position and attitude instruments to perform field measurements. Data was acquired under different conditions and in multiple locations. The radar detected hidden crevasses from 50 cm. distance, thus showing its merit as a rover safeguarding device. It also localized 5 cm. rocks ins now and ice. Moreover, the radar data was used to characterize snow/ice/bedrock stratigraphy. GPR position measurements enabled ground truth and mapping of the location of hazards and interesting subsurface objects and features.
The Effects of Non-Darcy Flow in Propped Hydraulic Fractures (1990)

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing is being applied to progressively higher permeability formations. In many cases, productivity improvements are controlled by the achievable fracture conductivities. An analysis of the effects of non-Darcy flow in high rate oil and gas wells shows that in gas wells, fracture conductivities are dominated by non-Darcy effects and that effective conductivities are non-linearly dependent on proppant coverage. Laboratory tests to investigate non-Darcy flow effects in proppant packs have been performed at rates much closer to field conditions than hitherto reported; both single and two-phase flows are considered. Dry gas tests have demonstrated that there is a change in pressure loss behaviour and flow regime at high rates. Three types of test involving gas and water flows have been performed. First the effects water-saturated gas flowing in a proppant pack at residual water saturation were compared with results on the same pack with dry gas. Two series of experiments were then performed to examine the effects of mobile water in the gas stream. Pressure losses are shown to be very sensitive to the water rates, and the field implications are examined. Finally field data from tests performed on high rate, hydraulically fractured, gas wells are examined. Perceived fracture conductivities are related to estimated proppant coverage, and it is shown that non-uniform vertical distributions of proppant may have a large impact on the overall fracture flow capacity.
TAFE Teaching Qualifications at the Cross Roads (2009)

The existing situation of inadequate teaching qualifications of TAFE teachers is discussed in the background of extensive casualisation, an ageing workforce and underfunding. It is suggested that the government should consult with TAFE teachers on the issue, and provide them with appropriate qualifications to enable the continued delivery of vocational training to the community.
Latex, an Intriguing Allergen (1995)

Natural rubber latex (NRL) is a complex cytosolic mix ture obtained from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis. Fresh
Fully Deterministic Storage Based Logic Built-In Self-Test (2023)

This paper presents a fully deterministic storage based logic built-in self-test (LBIST) approach that stores, on chip, reduced deterministic uncompressed test data sufficient for achieving complete fault coverage. The goal of this approach is to eliminate the need for pseudo-random tests, thereby reducing the test application time by reducing the number of tests required to achieve complete fault coverage. Under this approach, two types of test data are stored on chip. 1) Subsets of scan vectors obtained from a reduced set of deterministic tests, one subset per test and, 2) permutations of scan vectors stored as sets of indices, to indicate how to combine scan vectors to form tests on chip. The same permutations are applied to all the subsets, magnifying the effectiveness of each stored permutation and each subset, allowing fewer subsets as well as fewer permutations to be used. This helps in reducing the storage requirements. Experimental results are presented for single stuck-at faults in benchmark circuits and logic blocks of the OpenSPARC T1 microprocessor to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Mayer waves reduce the accuracy of estimated hemodynamic response functions in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (2016)

Analysis of cerebral hemodynamics reveals a wide spectrum of oscillations ranging from 0.0095 to 2 Hz. While most of these oscillations can be filtered out during analysis of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals when estimating stimulus evoked hemodynamic responses, oscillations around 0.1 Hz are an exception. This is due to the fact that they share a common spectral range with typical stimulus evoked hemodynamic responses from the brain. Here we investigate the effect of hemodynamic oscillations around 0.1 Hz on the estimation of hemodynamic response functions from fNIRS data. Our results show that for an expected response of ~1 µM in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (HbO), Mayer wave oscillations with an amplitude > ~1 µM at 0.1 Hz reduce the accuracy of the estimated response as quantified by a 3 fold increase in the mean squared error and decrease in correlation (R(2) below 0.78) when compared to the true HRF. These results indicate that the amplitude of oscillations at 0.1 Hz can serve as an objective metric of the expected HRF estimation accuracy. In addition, we investigated the effect of short separation regression on the recovered HRF, and found that this improves the recovered HRF when large amplitude 0.1 Hz oscillations are present in fNIRS data. We suspect that the development of other filtering strategies may provide even further improvement.
Nucleic acid and protein metabolism in undernutrition and protein deficiency. (1985)

This review discusses the metabolism of nucleic acids and proteins in various models of undernutrition in female rats and their neonatal and 21-day-old progeny. Based on the observations noted in our laboratories and those of other investigators, it is concluded that body and organ weights as well as various parameters of cellular growth (DNA, RNA, proteins, amino acids and total nucleotides) fail to increase normally in dietary-insulted animals. Protein and RNA synthesis demonstrate variable responses, leading to the speculation that modulation of mRNA metabolism and of protein synthesis occurs in dietary-restricted rats. These findings are also confirmed by the organ weight to DNA ratios. It is further noted that, despite the increases in protein and RNA synthesis in certain organs, protein and RNA register below-normal values, indicating that their degradation is much faster than their formation. This postulate is supported: by the enhanced activities of acid cathepsin (a protein-degrading enzyme) and of RNAse A (a RNA-degrading enzyme); by the elevated concentrations of circulating amino acids and total nucleotides; as well as by the accelerated excretion of nitrogenous compounds in the urine and feces of dietary-restricted animals. Modifications of RNA turnover are also evident in the tRNA and soluble RNA fractions of the liver of dietary-insulted rats. Studies on brain mRNA translatability have revealed: that food deprivation elicits a shorter species of pre-mRNA via a reduced polynucleotide elongation rate; that not all poly A+ RNA sequences present in control rats occur in dietary-restricted animals; and that the translatability of polymerase II is far lower in dietary-insulted rats. Other investigations on the translatability of liver, brain, kidney, spleen and thymus mRNA have demonstrated changes in mRNA via altered protein synthesis in various organs of dietary-restricted rats. Generation studies have shown that adaptation prevails in the first, second and third generation offspring of dietary-insulted rats, after which all parameters decline in fourth and fifth generation offspring. By reducing the litter size and exchanging the pups of control and dietary-restricted rats during the lactation period, partial restoration of the cellular growth of different organs is effected with the exception of the brain, in which damage is irreversible.