gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TOPFARM: Multi‐fidelity optimization of wind farms (2013)

A wind farm layout optimization framework based on a multi-fidelity optimization approach is applied to the offshore test case of Middelgrunden, Denmark as well as to the onshore test case of Stag Holt – Coldham wind farm, UK. While aesthetic considerations have heavily influenced the famous curved design of the Middelgrunden wind farm, this work focuses on demonstrating a method that optimizes the profit of wind farms over their lifetime based on a balance of the energy production income, the electrical grid costs, the foundations cost, and the cost of wake turbulence induced fatigue degradation of different wind turbine components. A multi-fidelity concept is adapted, which uses cost function models of increasing complexity (and decreasing speed) to accelerate the convergence to an optimum solution. In the EU-FP6 TOPFARM project, three levels of complexity are considered. The first level uses a simple stationary wind farm wake model to estimate the Annual Energy Production (AEP), a foundations cost model depending on the water depth and an electrical grid cost function dictated by cable length. The second level calculates the AEP and adds a wake-induced fatigue degradation cost function on the basis of the interpolation in a database of simulations performed for various wind speeds and wake setups with the aero-elastic code HAWC2 and the dynamic wake meandering model. The third level, not considered in this present paper, includes directly the HAWC2 and the dynamic wake meandering model in the optimization loop in order to estimate both the fatigue costs and the AEP. The novelty of this work is the implementation of the multi-fidelity approach in the context of wind farm optimization, the inclusion of the fatigue degradation costs in the optimization framework, and its application on the optimal performance as seen through an economical perspective. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Frequency-Chirped Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in Rotating Solids (2020)

Continuous wave (CW) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is used with magic angle spinning (MAS) to enhance the typically poor sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by orders of magnitude. In a recent publication we show that further enhancement is obtained by using a frequency-agile gyrotron to chirp incident microwave frequency through the electron resonance frequency during DNP transfer. Here we characterize the effect of chirped MAS DNP by investigating the sweep time, sweep width, center-frequency, and electron Rabi frequency of the chirps. We show the advantages of chirped DNP with a trityl nitroxide biradical, and a lack of improvement with chirped DNP using AMUPol, a nitroxide biradical. Frequency-chirped DNP on a model system of urea in a cryoprotecting matrix yields an enhancement of 142, 21% greater than that obtained with CW DNP. We then go beyond this model system and apply chirped DNP to intact human cells. In human Jurkat cells, frequency-chirped DNP improves enhancement by 24% over CW DNP. The characterization of the chirped DNP effect reveals instrument limitations on sweep time and sweep width, promising even greater increases in sensitivity with further technology development. These improvements in gyrotron technology, frequency-agile methods, and in cell applications are expected to play a significant role in the advancement of MAS DNP.
Base-free hydrogen generation from methanol using a bi-catalytic system (2013)

A bi-catalytic system, in which Ru-MACHO-BH and Ru(H)2(dppe)2 interact in a synergistic manner, was developed for the base-free dehydrogenation of methanol. A total TON > 4200 was obtained with only trace amounts of CO contamination (<8 ppm) in the produced gas.
Rough Sets Computations to Impute Missing Data (2007)

Many techniques for handling missing data have been proposed in the literature. Most of these techniques are overly complex. This paper explores an imputation technique based on rough set computations. In this paper, characteristic relations are introduced to describe incompletely specified decision tables.It is shown that the basic rough set idea of lower and upper approximations for incompletely specified decision tables may be defined in a variety of different ways. Empirical results obtained using real data are given and they provide a valuable and promising insight to the problem of missing data. Missing data were predicted with an accuracy of up to 99%.
Exploitation Rate of Whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Central Black Sea, Turkey (2017)

This study provides some actual information such as length, weight, age and mortality rates of whiting population in the Central Black Sea in order to detect whether fishing pressure or not. A total of 1495 whitings from the Central Black Sea were monthly collected from commercial coastal gillnet and bottom trawl fisheries, which have landed at Sinop fishing ports between September 2016 and January 2017. Total length and weight of whiting specimens were ranged from 8.8 cm to 22.8 cm (average: 14.97 ±0.04 cm), and 5.3 g to 83.2 g (average: 27.4 ±0.25 g). The samples grouped densely between 13 and 16 cm length. In this study, 89% of all samples are over legal size. The LWR equation was W = 0.0113 × TL2.8656 (R2= 0.9243). Age groups of whiting in the Central Black Sea were between I and IV. Mean lengths according to age groups (I, II, III and IV) were 13.7 ±0.23, 15.9 ±0.08, 18.2 ±0.16 and 21.6 ±0.34, respectively. Also, von Bertalanffy Growth Parameters were L∞ = 28.69 cm, K = 0.21 year-1, t0 = -1.91 year-1. Mortalities (M, F and Z) and exploitation rate (E) of whiting from the Central Black Sea were 0.502 year-1, 0.468 year-1, 0.970 year-1 and 0.48 year-1, respectively. The rates of exploitation and minimum landing size indicate that there is no overfishing on whiting population in the area for the time being.
Thrombocytopenia according to antiretroviral drug combinations, viremia and CD4 lymphocytes among HIV-infected patients in Cameroon: a snapshot from the City of Yaoundé (2019)

A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted from June to November 2016 among 310 PLHIV at the "Chantal BIYA" International Reference Centre, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Overall rate of thrombocytopenia was 19.0% (59/310). The rate of thrombocytopenia was 64.6% (42/65) versus 6.9% (17/245) in ART-naïve versus ART-treated patients respectively, p < 0.0001. Following viral load, rate of thrombocytopenia was 15.8% (20/130) in those with undetectable viral load, and 34.1% (27/79) with viral loads > 3 log<sub>10</sub> RNA/ml (p = 0.03). As concerns CD4-count, rate of thrombocytopenia was 16.2% (42/259) in those with ≥ 200 CD4/mm<sup>3</sup> versus 33.3% (17/51) with < 200 CD4/mm<sup>3</sup> (p = 0.0003). After adjusting for sex, ART, viral load and CD4, Viral load and ART exposure were significantly associated with decreased risk of thrombocytopenia (p < 0.05). Thrombocytopenia occurs especially among ART-naïve, high viremia and severe immune-compromised patients. Interestingly, ART coverage appears as an independent factor in preventing the occurrence of thrombocytopenia.
Insecure context switching: inoculating regular expressions for survivability (2008)

For most computer end–users, web browsers and Internet services act as the providers and protectors of their personal information, from bank accounts to personal correspondence. These systems are critical to users ’ continued lifestyles but often show no evidence of survivability [43], or robustness against present and future attacks. Software defects, considered the largest risk to survivability [43], are quite prevalent in consumer products and Web service software components [9]. Recent widespread security issues [17] [16] serve to emphasize this fact and show a lack investment in survivability engineering
Information presentation based on individual user interests (2002)

We propose a method for presenting information based on individual user interests and knowledge. In previous work on recommending information, such as through WWW pages, the user could not always get his/her needed information, since the user's interests were represented only in keywords or key categories, and the contents of the presented information were previously formed by the information presenter; consequently, this information did not necessarily match the user's interests and knowledge. In the proposed method, the system acquires the user's implicit and/or explicit interests and knowledge from a question-and-answer interaction and presents the user with focus-of-interest information based on them. For personalizing the presentation and recommendation of information, the system provides each user with an information retriever using the user's operation records, a personal conceptual space, and control knowledge.
Copper(I)-Catalyzed Amination of Propargyl Esters. Selective Synthesis of Propargylamines, 1-Alken-3-ylamines, and (Z)-Allylamines (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopper(I)-Catalyzed Amination of Propargyl Esters. Selective Synthesis of Propargylamines, 1-Alken-3-ylamines, and (Z)-AllylaminesYasushi Imada, Mari Yuasa, Ishin Nakamura, and Shun-Ichi MurahashiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 9, 2282–2284Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00088a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00088a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3246Altmetric-Citations210LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The predictability of consumer visitation patterns (2013)

We consider hundreds of thousands of individual economic transactions to ask: how predictable are consumers in their merchant visitation patterns? Our results suggest that, in the long-run, much of our seemingly elective activity is actually highly predictable. Notwithstanding a wide range of individual preferences, shoppers share regularities in how they visit merchant locations over time. Yet while aggregate behavior is largely predictable, the interleaving of shopping events introduces important stochastic elements at short time scales. These short- and long-scale patterns suggest a theoretical upper bound on predictability, and describe the accuracy of a Markov model in predicting a person's next location. We incorporate population-level transition probabilities in the predictive models, and find that in many cases these improve accuracy. While our results point to the elusiveness of precise predictions about where a person will go next, they suggest the existence, at large time-scales, of regularities across the population.
Glutamate Transporter Homolog-based Model Predicts That Anion-π Interaction Is the Mechanism for the Voltage-dependent Response of Prestin (2015)

Prestin is the motor protein of cochlear outer hair cells. Its unique capability to perform direct, rapid, and reciprocal electromechanical conversion depends on membrane potential and interaction with intracellular anions. How prestin senses the voltage change and interacts with anions are still unknown. Our three-dimensional model of prestin using molecular dynamics simulations predicts that prestin contains eight transmembrane-spanning segments and two helical re-entry loops and that tyrosyl residues are the structural specialization of the molecule for the unique function of prestin. Using site-directed mutagenesis and electrophysiological techniques, we confirmed that residues Tyr(367), Tyr(486), Tyr(501), and Tyr(508) contribute to anion binding, interacting with intracellular anions through novel anion-π interactions. Such weak interactions, sensitive to voltage and mechanical stimulation, confer prestin with a unique capability to perform electromechanical and mechanoelectric conversions with exquisite sensitivity. This novel mechanism is completely different from all known mechanisms seen in ion channels, transporters, and motor proteins.
Nutritional Preconditioning in Cancer Treatment in Relation to DNA Damage and Aging (2020)

Dietary restriction (DR) is the most successful nutritional intervention for extending lifespan and preserving health in numerous species. Reducing food intake triggers a protective response that shifts energy resources from growth to maintenance and resilience mechanisms. This so-called survival response has been shown to particularly increase life- and health span and decrease DNA damage in DNA repair-deficient mice exhibiting accelerated aging. Accumulation of DNA damage is the main cause of aging, but also of cancer. Moreover, radiotherapies and most chemotherapies are based on damaging DNA, consistent with their ability to induce toxicity and accelerate aging. Since fasting and DR decrease DNA damage and its effects, nutritional preconditioning holds promise for improving (cancer) therapy and preventing short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the link between aging and cancer, highlights important preclinical studies applying such nutritional preconditioning, and summarizes the first clinical trials implementing nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment.
Gene fusions involving the structural gene of Bacillus licheniformis coding for a thermostable alpha-amylase (1985)

International audience
Layered Light Field Reconstruction for Defocus Blur (2015)

We present a novel algorithm for reconstructing high-quality defocus blur from a sparsely sampled light field. Our algorithm builds upon recent developments in the area of sheared reconstruction filters and significantly improves reconstruction quality and performance. While previous filtering techniques can be ineffective in regions with complex occlusion, our algorithm handles such scenarios well by partitioning the input samples into depth layers. These depth layers are filtered independently and then combined together, taking into account inter-layer visibility. We also introduce a new separable formulation of sheared reconstruction filters that achieves real-time preformance on a modern GPU and is more than two orders of magnitude faster than previously published techniques.
Honing Up a Genre of Amphiphilic Bistable [2]Rotaxanes for Device Settings (2004)

Abstract In response to molecular electroactive device requirements, a molecular shuttle in the shape of an amphiphilic bistable [2]rotaxane has been designed, synthesized, and characterized. It contains a hydrophobic, tetraarylmethane and a hydrophilic, dendritic stopper and two π‐electron‐rich stations—a (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit and a 1,5‐dioxynaphthalene moiety — on the rod section of its dumbbell component, which can act as recognition sites for the tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene), to reside around. In contrast to a previously reported “slow” amphiphilic bistable [2]rotaxane, which has an SMe group attached directly to the (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit, this “new and improved” bistable [2]rotaxane has a much less bulky hydrogen atom attached to the (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit. This seemingly small difference in the substituents on the (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit leads to profound changes when comparing the physical properties of the two bistable [2]rotaxanes. Two hydrophilic semidumbbell compounds, comprising only a (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit, and one hydrophobic semidumbbell compound comprising only a 1,5‐dioxynaphthalene moiety on its rod section have also been prepared and used to form their corresponding cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) complexes. The kinetics of the complexation/decomplexation process occurring in these complexes have been investigated, using both absorption and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. In addition, these model complexes have been used to investigate the strength of the noncovalent bonding interactions occurring between the cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) ring component and the semidumbbell component at different temperatures, allowing the free energies, enthalpies, and entropies for the formation of these complexes to be determined. The outcome of these investigations can be used to explain the fact that the “slow” [2]rotaxane exists as a 1:1 mixture of its two possible translational isomers, whereas the “new and improved” [2]rotaxane exists as a 4:1 mixture in favor of the translational isomer where the cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) tetracation encircles the (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit, and also to explain the thermochromic behavior of the “new and improved” [2]rotaxane. In this amphiphilic bistable [2]rotaxane, shuttling of the cyclobis(paraquat‐ p ‐phenylene) tetracation can be driven by both chemical and electrochemical oxidation of the (monopyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene unit rendering it a good candidate for incorporation into two‐terminal molecular switch tunnel junctions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
On Improving Clock Synchronization Accuracy for LTE-A Networks (2015)

The need to synchronize wireless networks very accurately is slowly but steadily gaining importance recently among the research community as well as network operational teams. This is due to the rapid advancement of wireless access technologies like the LTE-A, 5G, etc. Within this context, in this paper we propose, design, evaluate a model based reinforcement learning algorithm that aim to improve network clock synchronization accuracy suitable for future networks. The proposed algorithm embraces a new metric which identifies asymmetric links in the backhaul networks in advance and prevents re-routing of timing packets via these links. By this, we claim that link asymmetry delays (LADs) which is a major cause for poor timing accuracy could be eliminated. Experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of our approach
A2, M2, P2 aneurysms and beyond: results of treatment with pipeline embolization device in 65 patients (2019)

This large multicenter study of patients with A2, M2, and P2 distal aneurysms treated with the PED showed that flow diversion may be an effective treatment approach for this rare type of vascular pathology. The procedural compilation rate of 7.7% indicates the need for further studies as the flow diversion technology constantly evolves.
ATM Switching Systems (1995)

From the Publisher:
Written to help you successfully meet the complex challenges of network control and management in ATM, this book examines ATM switches from a systemic approach, helping you meet the complex challenges of network control and management. It describes the layered structure of the B-ISDN protocol reference model and shows the actual construction of an ATM switch model, providing in-depth descriptions of major functional blocks. Supplemented with 81 figures and 350 references.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Functionalization of 1‐Aza‐1,3‐butadienes from Bis‐ and Mono(trimethylsilyl)methylamine with Organocuprates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fate of herbicide-derived chloroanilines in soil (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFate of herbicide-derived chloroanilines in soilRichard. BarthaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1971, 19, 2, 385–387Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60174a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60174a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Therapy-Induced Acute Recruitment of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells to Tumors (2006)

The contribution of bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPs) to tumor angiogenesis has been controversial, primarily because of their low numbers in blood vessels of untreated tumors. We show that treatment of tumor-bearing mice with vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) leads to an acute mobilization of CEPs, which home to the viable tumor rim that characteristically remains after such therapy. Disruption of this CEP spike by antiangiogenic drugs or by genetic manipulation resulted in marked reductions in tumor rim size and blood flow as well as enhanced VDA antitumor activity. These findings also provide a mechanistic rationale for the enhanced efficacy of VDAs when combined with antiangiogenic drugs.
Highly stabilized millimeter-wave generation by using fiber-optic frequency-tunable comb generator (1997)

A novel optical generation and transport technique for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signals by using the fiber-optic frequency-tunable comb generator having a discrete emission spectrum as the light source is proposed. 60 GHz mm-wave signal generation and transmission over a 108 km-long optical fiber link at /spl lambda/=1560 nm is demonstrated. Excellent stability of both the frequency and amplitude of the mm-wave carrier is attained, so that the 3 dB linewidth is less than 0.3 kHz and the variance of the amplitude fluctuation is 0.07 dB. The advantages include tunability of the carrier frequency, handling ease, and no need for a high-speed external light modulator.
Agreement between diagnoses of childhood lymphoma assigned in Uganda and by an international reference laboratory (2012)

Clinical diagnosis of NHL in Uganda has a high probability of error compared with pathological diagnosis in Uganda and in The Netherlands. In addition, agreement on the pathological diagnosis of NHL between Uganda and The Netherlands is very low.