gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Regulation by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Molecular Mechanisms of Oxygen Homeostasis (1996)

Human cells require O(2) for many metabolic processes, most notably oxidative phosphorylation, the major source of ATP generation, and hypoxia plays a significant pathophysiologic role in a variety of cardiovascular disorders. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcriptional activator of genes whose products, including erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and glycolytic enzymes, are involved in systemic, local, and cellular responses to hypoxia that either increase O(2) delivery or induce alternative metabolic pathways that do not require O(2). The level of HIF-1 expression in cultured cells is proportional to the degree of hypoxia over the range of O(2) concentrations associated with physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions in vivo. Further investigation of HIF-1 function in vivo may lead to novel therapeutic approaches that modulate cellular responses to hypoxia/ischemia. (Trends Cardiovasc Med 1996;6:151-157).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. UND EMPFAENGNIS VERHUETENDE WIRKUNG EINIGER OXIMINO‐ANDROSTENE (1973)

Abstract Das Steroid (I) wird über (II) in die Oximino‐androstene (III) und (IV) sowie in das Aza‐homo‐androsten (V) umgewandelt.
IPD technology for passive circuits and antennas at millimeter-wave frequencies (2013)

International audience
Distribution-Free Causal Inference via Counterfactual Prediction (2017)

We develop a causal inference framework for multiple groups based on assessing counterfactual predictions and their confidence intervals. This is achieved in a distribution-free manner, which enables valid inferences without relying on a correct specification of the data model. The framework makes use of a tuning-free prediction method, which can be executed with a runtime that scales linearly in the number of datapoints and is operational in high-dimensional covariate scenarios. The approach is illustrated using both real and synthetic datasets.
Microwave based diagnostics and treatment (2013)

Microwave based diagnostics and treatment will be discussed with application to stroke diagnostics, 3-D microwave tomography with application to breast cancer diagnostics and microwave hyperthermia with application to cancer treatment.
Formative assessment: raising standards inside the classroom (1998)

This article draws on a recent review of the relevant literature published over the past ten years. It gives a brief overview of the evidence, both quantitative and qualitative, about the quality of teachers' classroom assessment practices, about the effectiveness of good formative assessment in promoting pupils' achievements and attitudes, and about the features of classroom assessment which seem to be important in securing effectiveness. In the longer term, there is a need to develop better theories for formative assessment as a basis for further development of practice. But it is also argued that there is an immediate need to re-frame policy to develop and support classroom assessment as a means of raising standards. The article is based on a talk given at the ASE INSET Services conference in 1998.
Molecular Body Imaging: MR Imaging, CT, and US. Part I. Principles (2012)

Molecular imaging, generally defined as noninvasive imaging of cellular and subcellular events, has gained tremendous depth and breadth as a research and clinical discipline in recent years. The coalescence of major advances in engineering, molecular biology, chemistry, immunology, and genetics has fueled multi- and interdisciplinary innovations with the goal of driving clinical noninvasive imaging strategies that will ultimately allow disease identification, risk stratification, and monitoring of therapy effects with unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. Techniques that allow imaging of molecular and cellular events facilitate and go hand in hand with the development of molecular therapies, offering promise for successfully combining imaging with therapy. While traditionally nuclear medicine imaging techniques, in particular positron emission tomography (PET), PET combined with computed tomography (CT), and single photon emission computed tomography, have been the molecular imaging methods most familiar to clinicians, great advances have recently been made in developing imaging techniques that utilize magnetic resonance (MR), optical, CT, and ultrasonographic (US) imaging. In the first part of this review series, we present an overview of the principles of MR imaging-, CT-, and US-based molecular imaging strategies.
Synthesis of heterocycle‐substituted pyropheophorbide derivatives (2003)

Abstract Methyl pyropheophorbide‐ a (MPPa) ( 1 ) was converted to two aldehydes, methyl 2‐formylmethyl‐2‐devinylpyropheophorbide‐ a ( 2 ) and methyl 2‐formyl‐2‐devinylpyropheophorbide‐ a ( 3 ). The former 2 reacted with active methylene compounds having a cyano function in the presence of sulfur to afford thiophene‐substituted chlorins 5a‐c and reacted with arylhydrazines to yield indole‐substituted chlorins 6a‐d . From the latter 3 , a α‐diketo chlorin 7 was obtained via Wittig reaction and oxidation. Compound 7 reacted with o ‐phenylenediamine to afford 2‐quinoxalyl‐substituted pyropheophorbide‐ a 8. The reaction of MPPa ( 1 ) with anthranilamide to give a spiro‐substituted compound 9 .
First recorded case of paramyxovirus infection introduced into a healthy snake collection in Croatia (2017)

Two entries of new snakes in different time periods were recorded and recognized as possible sources of infection. We stress the need for veterinary health control and monitoring of snakes prior to transportation as well as implementing obligatory quarantine measures to minimize the risk of infection among newly established snake groups.
Pharmacogenomics in Pediatric Oncology: Review of Gene—Drug Associations for Clinical Use (2016)

During the 3rd congress of the European Society of Pharmacogenomics and Personalised Therapy (ESPT) in Budapest in 2015, a preliminary meeting was held aimed at establishing a pediatric individualized treatment in oncology and hematology committees. The main purpose was to facilitate the transfer and harmonization of pharmacogenetic testing from research into clinics, to bring together basic and translational research and to educate health professionals throughout Europe. The objective of this review was to provide the attendees of the meeting as well as the larger scientific community an insight into the compiled evidence regarding current pharmacogenomics knowledge in pediatric oncology. This preliminary evaluation will help steer the committee's work and should give the reader an idea at which stage researchers and clinicians are, in terms of personalizing medicine for children with cancer. From the evidence presented here, future recommendations to achieve this goal will also be suggested.
Cardiovascular health for patients with psoriasis: a précis for front-line clinicians. (2009)

Psoriasis is a prevalent immune disease most notably recognized for its involvement of the skin and joints and for its impact on patient quality of life. More recently, it has been shown that not only do patients with psoriasis have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and dyslipidemia, but they also appear to have an increased risk of myocardial infarction independent of these factors. Patients with severe forms of psoriasis also have been found to have increased mortality rates compared to those without psoriasis. The purpose of this review is to increase awareness of these associations among dermatologists and primary care providers to ensure that cardiovascular risk factors are evaluated and appropriately managed in patients with psoriasis.
Experimental Investigation of Total Photoemission Yield from New Satellite Surface Materials (2018)

Electron photoemission influences spacecraft surface potentials and the surrounding plasma, and many modern spacecraft use new uncharacterized materials. The angle-dependent photoemission properties were measured for niobium C103 alloy, molybdenum TZM alloy, tantalum tungsten alloy, Elgiloy, graphite lubricant epoxy (DAG213) and titanium nitride at the Bending for Emission Absorption and Reflectivity beam line. The properties of tungsten were also studied to verify the method with past data. The materials were prepared similarly to flight materials. The properties were measured from 0 (normal) to 80 deg (grazing) incidence preannealed and postannealed conditioning of the samples. The yield was measured in all cases for both p and s polarization at each angle of incidence. Results are presented for the photoelectric threshold and photoelectron yield for photon energies up to 30 eV. The work function was also found for each material tested. An analytical equation was then used to fit the normal photoelectron yield for each material to help obtain photocurrents, which were calculated assuming solar illumination at 1 astronomical unit (AU) at normal incidence.
Activation of the free fatty acid receptor GPR40 by (+)-curcuphenol and related synthetic compounds (2009)

"The bio-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of Baccharis genistelloides (L) Baker, a plant that traditionally is used to treat diabetes, yielded (+)-curcuphenol (1) as agonist of GPR40, a cell surface receptor for free fatty acids. This paper describes the agonistic activity of 1 as well as of a series of semi-synthetic and synthetic analogues."
Knockdown of Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase by Small Hairpin RNA Reveals That Both Catalytic and Modulatory Subunits Are Essential for the Survival of Primary Neurons (2005)

Glutathione deficiency is an early biochemical feature that occurs during apoptotic neuronal death associated with certain neurological disorders such as Parkinson disease. However, whether specific targeting of glutathione biosynthesis in neurons is sufficient to trigger neurodegeneration remains undetermined. To address this issue, we used a vector-based small hairpin RNA (shRNA) strategy to knock down each subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL; gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase), the heterodimeric enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of glutathione biosynthesis. Independent targeting of the catalytic and modulatory subunits by shRNA caused disruption of GCL as assessed by Northern and Western blotting, enzyme activity, and glutathione concentrations. Silencing each subunit in primary cortical neurons spontaneously elicited time-dependent apoptotic death, an effect that was synergistic with glutamate or nitric oxide treatment. Moreover, neuronal apoptosis by GCL knockdown was rescued by expressing the corresponding subunit full-length cDNA carrying silent mutations within the shRNA target cDNA sequence and by incubating neurons with gamma-glutamylcysteine or glutathione ethyl ester. In contrast, supplying glutathione precursors to neurons from co-cultured astrocytes did not prevent the apoptotic death triggered by GCL knockdown. Finally, overexpressing the catalytic (but not modulatory) GCL subunit full-length cDNA increased enzyme activity and glutathione concentrations, yielding neurons more resistant to glutamate- or nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis. Thus, specific and independent disruption of each subunit of GCL in neurons can be said to cause a primary decrease in glutathione that is sufficient to promote neurodegeneration.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges (2017)

Gattoussi, Sarra Drs.; Freund, K. Bailey; Heiferman, Michael J.; Fawzi, Amani A.Editor(s): McDonald, H. Richard Author Information
Nations Within. American Indian Scholar Karen Gayton Swisher Envisions Effective Education for All Indian Children. (1997)

The performance of multiconfigurational second-order perturbation techniques is established for the calculation of small magnetic couplings in heterobinuclear complexes. Whereas CASPT2 gives satisfactory results for relatively strong magnetic couplings, the method shows important deviations from the expected Heisenberg spectrum for couplings smaller than 15-20 cm(-1). The standard choice of the zeroth-order CASPT2 Hamiltonian is compared to alternative definitions published in the literature and the stability of the results is tested against increasing level shifts. Furthermore, we compare CASPT2 with an alternative implementation of multiconfigurational perturbation theory, namely NEVPT2 and with variational calculations based on the difference dedicated CI technique.
Sol-gel glass solid-state lasers doped with organic molecules (1990)

When doped with organic dye laser molecules, porous sol-gel prepared silica constitutes a solid state dye laser medium. In this study such media have been shown to exhibit laser action using: (a) a krypton fluoride, 249nm, laser pump producing nano-second laser pulses and, (b) a coumarin 504 (507nm) pump producing microsecond laser pulses. The lasing thresholds were measured as 140kW/mm3 and 1.8kW/mm3 respectively, with lifetimes of 10-20 and 50-100 shots respectively.
Vertical alveolar ridge distraction with prosthetic treatable distractors: a clinical investigation. (2000)

Alveolar ridge distraction is a recent and promising technique for ridge augmentation. Since 1997, a new distraction system incorporating a distraction implant has been in use. It can be used for alveolar ridge distraction and is not removed from the alveolar ridge. Upon completion of the distraction, it remains in the alveolar process for later prosthetic treatment. Thirty-five patients were treated with distraction implants for the correction of alveolar ridge deficiency. In 10 patients with atrophy of the mandible or maxilla, 16 patients with severe defects of the alveolar process after trauma, and 9 patients with localized alveolar ridge defects after single tooth loss, alveolar ridge distraction was carried out with the aid of 62 distraction implants. The distraction implants were loaded by prosthetic superstructures 4 to 6 months after distraction. A clinical and radiologic follow-up was carried out. Periotest values were examined, and peri-implant bleeding and probing depth were registered prior to prosthetic treatment and 3, 6, and 9 months after implant loading. In 29 patients, distraction was carried out without complications or problems. Two distraction implants were lost. In 2 patients distraction was discontinued because of ankylosis of the distraction segment. In 1 patient the alveolar ridge was overcorrected, and another patient experienced a persisting hypoesthesia of the lip. For 5% of the implants, pathologic probing depth of more than 3 mm and sulcus bleeding were registered prior to prosthetic treatment. These observations decreased during the next 9 months. Periotest values were normal before the start of prosthetic treatment. There was a decrease in the Periotest values, thus an increase in implant stability, during the following 9 months. It was concluded that alveolar ridge distraction using distraction implants can be a successful technique for alveolar ridge augmentation with a low rate of complication. Acceptable esthetic and functional results can be achieved by this atraumatic technique of surgery and distraction.
New, Optically Active Phosphine Oxazoline (JM-Phos) Ligands:  Syntheses and Applications in Allylation Reactions (2000)

Three different syntheses of the phosphine oxazoline systems 1 are presented. Two of these approaches are divergent routes designed to involve an advanced intermediate that can be transformed into several different end-products. The third is a shorter route specifically designed to facilitate preparations of these systems on a larger scale using minimal functional group protection. Overall, eight different phosphine oxazolines were prepared. These were screened in several palladium-mediated allylation reactions. They proved to be most useful for asymmetric alkylation of 3-acetoxy-1,3-diphenylpropene and less suitable/effective for the more challenging substrates (a pentenyl derivative and a cyclohexenyl system). X-ray crystallographic analysis of the complex [(eta 3-PhCHCHCHPh)Pd(1a)][PF6] led to the conclusion that the origins of asymmetric induction in these systems might be indirectly attributed to interaction of the oxazoline-phenyl substituent with the palladium and with an allyl-phenyl substituent. Finally, data is presented for allylation of a silylenolate of an N-acyl oxazolidinone; excellent enantioselectivities and yields were obtained.
Cell‐mediated protection in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., against Aeromonas hydrophila (1988)

Abstract. The mechanism of protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in carp was studied. Recipient fish, into which pronephric cells from carp previously immunized by dipping in bacterial crude lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 25°C for 2h were transferred, demonstrated almost the same level of protective ability as an immunized control group. The protective ability was transmitted by non‐adherent (to nylon fibre) immune pronephric cells. These non‐adherent cells were damaged by anti‐carp thymocyte serum and were, thus, considered to be T‐like cells. The protective ability was depressed in immunized carp treated with anti‐carp thymocyte serum in vivo and was also remarkably reduced in immunized carp whose macrophage function was impaired by Dextran sulphate‐500 treatment. These results indicate that the protection shown by carp immunized by dipping in crude LPS is dependent on cellular immunity regulated by a T‐like cell‐macrophage system.
Modelling Extreme Stretching of DNA (1996)

Molecular modelling with Jumna is used to study extreme stretching of the DNA double helix. The results, which correlate well with recent nanomanipulation experiments, show how the double helix can be extended to twice its normal length before its base pairs break. Depending on the way the duplex is stretched two types of conformation can occur, either an unwound flat ribbon or a narrow fibre with negatively inclined base pairs. The energetics of both types of deformation are similar and existing structures show that at least the flat ribbon form can exist locally under biological conditions.
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Contains an Effector and Regulatory Immune Cell Infiltrate that Is Altered by Multimodal Neoadjuvant Treatment (2014)

Our data show that human PDA contains a complex mixture of inflammatory and regulatory immune cells, and that neoadjuvant therapy attenuates the infiltration of intratumoral cells associated with immunosuppression and worsened survival.
Abstract LB-114: The long noncoding RNA HOTAIR promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain malignancy in adults. The standard treatment consists of surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, although this only modestly affects patient survival. Partial tumor resection and poor drug delivery to the brain impede effective treatment options. The development of high-throughput sequencing technology has allowed the cancer research community to identify hundreds of genetic alterations such as amplification, deletion, mutation, and changes in gene expression. However, all this information still needs to be translated into new therapeutic approaches. These novel therapies may come from understanding long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). lncRNAs modulate transcription, regulate post-transcriptional RNA processing, translation, DNA methylation, and chromatin architecture through local (cis) and long distance (trans) mechanisms. Although relatively few lncRNAs have been functionally characterized, fewer are reported to have oncogenic or tumor suppressor properties. Recently, small signatures of 6 long-noncoding RNAs with altered expression have been reported for glioblastoma and these lncRNAs have shown correlation to overall survival. Using the Helicos Next Generation Sequencing platform 12 GBM samples and 8 controls were sequenced. Our lab identified hundreds of lncRNAs potentially dysregulated in GBM. Among these there was the well-known lncRNA HOTAIR, which was found to be massively upregulated in GBM. This observation correlated with what has been observed in other cancers. However, increased expression of HOTAIR has been linked to poor prognosis due to metastatic events. Here we show that in glioblastoma HOTAIR does not promote metastasis, but instead sustains the ability of these cells to proliferate. We demonstrate that HOTAIR knockdown in GBM strongly impairs the proliferation of cells and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo experiments. To identify the direct gene targets of HOTAIR we employed the chirp technique (chromatin isolation by RNA precipitation), which allowed us to explain how this lncRNA affects gene transcription involved in proliferation/apoptosis and shed light on the cellular pathways regulated by HOTAIR. In addition to cell cycle regulation mediated by HOTAIR we find that certain epigenetic enzyme inhibitors potently downregulate HOTAIR expression. These exciting studies define a novel mechanism through which these enzymes control cell proliferation via lncRNA expression. Citation Format: Chiara Pastori, Clara Penas, Philipp Kapranov, Georges St.Laurent, Ming Zhang, Nagi Ayad, Claes Wahlestedt. The long noncoding RNA HOTAIR promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-114. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-114
Requirements for Data Quality Metrics (2017)

Data quality and especially the assessment of data quality have been intensively discussed in research and practice alike. To support an economically oriented management of data quality and decision making under uncertainty, it is essential to assess the data quality level by means of well-founded metrics. However, if not adequately defined, these metrics can lead to wrong decisions and economic losses. Therefore, based on a decision-oriented framework, we present a set of five requirements for data quality metrics. These requirements are relevant for a metric that aims to support an economically oriented management of data quality and decision making under uncertainty. We further demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of these requirements by evaluating five data quality metrics for different data quality dimensions. Moreover, we discuss practical implications when applying the presented requirements.