gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel polymorphisms of the human cholecystokinin a receptor gene: An association analysis with schizophrenia (2000)

The cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-AR) modulates CCK-stimulated dopamine release in the posterior nucleus accumbens, and its gene is mapped to 4p15.2-15.1 with the dopamine receptor 5 (DR5) gene. We speculated that alterations in the CCK-AR lead to an increase in dopamine release, which may in turn constitute a predisposition in schizophrenia. We investigated genetic variations in the promoter region and the coding region of the CCK-AR gene. An association analysis was conducted between 83 unrelated schizophrenic patients and 80 healthy controls. Novel polymorphisms (201A-->G, 246G-->A in the promoter region, 1260T-->A, 1266T-->C in intron 1 within the 3' mRNA splice acceptor site consensus sequence, and Leu306Leu in exon 5) were found in addition to the variants (608G-->A in intron 1, 3849C-->T [Ile296Ile] in exon 5) reported previously. Significant differences were found in the allele frequencies of the 201A-->G nucleotide substitution in the promoter region between patients and controls (P = 0.0181, odds ratio: 1.972, after Bonferroni correction: P = 0.0543). These differences were also found between the patients with paranoid type and controls (P = 0.0274, odds ratio = 3.667, after Bonferroni correction: P = 0.0822). Our analyses suggest that the 201A allele frequency was higher in the schizophrenic group, especially in the paranoid type, than in the control group at a rate that was not quite significant after Bonferroni correction. Am J. Med Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:141-145, 2000.
Development of cast ferrous alloys for Stirling engine application (1982)

Low cost cast ferrous base alloys that can be used for cylinder and regenerator housing components of the Stirling engine were investigated. The alloys must meet the requirements of high strength and thermal fatigue resistance to approximately 1500 F, compatibility and low permeability with hydrogen, good elevated temperature oxidation/corrosion resistance, and contain a minimum of strategic elements. The phase constituents of over twenty alloy iterations were examined by X-ray diffraction. These alloy candidates were further screened for their tensile and stress rupture strength and surface stability in air at 1450 and 1600 F, respectively. Two alloys, NASAUT 1G (Fe-10Mn-20Cr-1.5C-1.0Si) and NASAUT 4G (Fe-15Mn-12Cr-3Mo-1.5C-1.0Si-1.0Nb), were chosen for more extensive elevated temperature testing. These alloys were found to exhibit nearly equivalent elevated temperature creep strength and oxidation resistance. Silicon present in these alloys at the 1 w/o level permitted the achievement of oxide scale adherence to 1600 F without loss of strength (or ductility) as was noted for equivalent additions of aluminum.
New Perspective on Uncultured Bacterial Phylogenetic Division OP11 (2004)

Organisms belonging to the OP11 candidate phylogenetic division of Bacteria have been detected only in rRNA-based sequence surveys of environmental samples. Preliminary studies indicated that such organisms represented by the sequences are abundant and widespread in nature and highly diverse phylogenetically. In order to document more thoroughly the phylogenetic breadth and environmental distribution of this diverse group of organisms, we conducted further molecular analyses on environmental DNAs. Using PCR techniques and primers directed toward each of the five described subdivisions of OP11, we surveyed 17 environmental DNAs and analyzed rRNA gene sequences in 27 clonal libraries from 14 environments. Ninety-nine new and unique sequences were determined completely, and approximately 200 additional clones were subjected to partial sequencing. Extensive phylogenetic comparisons of the new sequences to those representing other bacterial divisions further resolved the phylogeny of the bacterial candidate division OP11 and identified two new candidate bacterial divisions, OP11-derived 1 (OD1) and Sulphur River 1 (SR1). The widespread environmental distribution of representatives of the bacterial divisions OD1, OP11, and SR1 suggests potentially conspicuous biogeochemical roles for these organisms in their respective environments. The information on environmental distribution offers clues for attempts to culture landmark representatives of these novel bacterial divisions, and the sequences are specific molecular signatures that provide for their identification in other contexts.
Referring to Objects Through Sub-Contexts in Multimodal Human-Computer Interaction (2003)

There is no one-to-one relation between referential terms and types of access to the referents (referring modes) in multimodal human-computer interaction. We propose a classification of referring modes implying sub-contexts. We describe in detail the nature of these contextual subsets and we show their importance for each type of referring action. Then we define a relation between terms and modes, and we deduce a list of disambiguation principles for the computation of referential terms in order to identify the correct referring mode, the correct sub-context, and the correct referent.
La formation au sein des partis ouvriers, un secteur de recherche encore en chantier (2000)

International audience
Copeptin in acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis: relationship with acute-on-chronic liver failure and short-term survival (2017)

ACLF is associated with significantly higher serum copeptin concentrations at hospital admission compared with those with traditional AD. Copeptin is independently associated with short-term survival and ACLF development in patients admitted for AD or ACLF.
Reaction of novel imide reducing reagents with pyrrolizidinediones (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of novel imide reducing reagents with pyrrolizidinedionesEdward W. Thomas, Ronald H. Rynbrandt, David C. Zimmermann, Larry T. Bell, Christine R. Muchmore, and Ernest W. YankeeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 19, 4535–4543Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00280a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00280a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views816Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tissue distribution of the non-polymorphic major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecule, CD1d. (1993)

The CD1 gene family is composed of five distinct molecules: CD1a, b, c, d and e. CD1a, b and c are primarily expressed thymically with limited extrathymic expression. Preliminary studies have shown that CD1d is primarily expressed extrathymically in gastrointestinal epithelial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells and B cells. This report characterizes the expression of CD1d in a variety of human tissues by immunohistochemistry using two anti-human CD1d monoclonal antibodies (mAb). CD1d was found in a wide range of tissues including the intestine, liver, pancreas, skin, kidney, uterus, conjunctiva, epididymis, thymus and tonsil. Within those tissues CD1d was mainly present in epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and parenchymal cells. Therefore, the tissue distribution of CD1d is distinct from CD1a-c and classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins implicating a unique role for CD1d in the immune system.
SIAK – A Game for Foreign Language Pronunciation Learning (2017)

We introduce a digital game for children’s foreign-language learning that uses automatic speech recognition (ASR) for evaluating children’s utterances. Our first prototype focuses on the learning of English words and their pronunciation. The game connects to a network server, which handles the recognition and pronunciation grading of children’s foreign-language speech. The server is reusable for different applications. Given suitable acoustic models, it can be used for grading pronunciations in any language
Sharp-1 regulates TGF-β signaling and skeletal muscle regeneration (2013)

Sharp-1 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcriptional repressor that is involved in a number of cellular processes. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Sharp-1 is a negative regulator of skeletal myogenesis and it blocks differentiation of muscle precursor cells by modulating the activity of MyoD. In order to understand its role in pre- and post-natal myogenesis, we assessed skeletal muscle development and freeze-injury-induced regeneration in Sharp-1-deficient mice. We show that embryonic skeletal muscle development is not impaired in the absence of Sharp-1; however, post-natally, the regenerative capacity is compromised. Although the initial phases of injury-induced regeneration proceed normally in Sharp-1(-/-) mice, during late stages, the mutant muscle exhibits necrotic fibers, calcium deposits and fibrosis. TGF-β expression, as well as levels of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3, are sustained in the mutant tissue and treatment with decorin, which blocks TGF-β signaling, improves the histopathology of Sharp-1(-/-) injured muscles. In vitro, Sharp-1 associates with Smad3, and its overexpression inhibits TGF-β- and Smad3-mediated expression of extracellular matrix genes in myofibroblasts. These results demonstrate that Sharp-1 regulates muscle regenerative capacity, at least in part, by modulation of TGF-β signaling.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer Stimulates Tumor Angiogenesis by Elevating Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinases (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer Stimulates Tumor Angiogenesis by Elevating Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinases
1A1-D10 The Estimation of the Number of Walking Humans by using Footsteps measured by the Sensor Network (2007)

This research studies the estimation of the number of walking humans by using footsteps measured by the sensor network. We develop a new wireless communication module mounted the omni directional microphone. This module is able to digitally record the sound for about 16 seconds at the sampling frequency 8 kHz and communicate each module at 160Kbit per second. Using the sensor network constructed from these modules, and we measure the footstep of walking human. From the sensing data, we are able to estimate the number of walking humans around a module, walking pattern and walking direction. Furthermore the result implies the capability to estimate the motion of individual walking human by combining each node's data.
CHAPTER 4.4. Thioredoxin and Cellular Redox Systems: Beyond Protein Disulfide Bond Reduction (2018)

Thioredoxin (Trx) and glutaredoxin (Grx) systems are the two major antioxidant systems in cells and recent studies have revealed more of their functions beyond disulfide reduction. In contrast to most cellular environments, protein oxidative folding occurs in more oxidizing compartments such as the bacterial periplasm and the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum. Owing to the special redox properties of Trx, the Trx superfamily proteins play essential roles in protein folding by catalyzing thiol–disulfide exchange reactions. They also facilitate protein folding by chaperone activity, coordinate iron–sulfur clusters and mediate redox signaling. Trx and Grx systems play key roles in redox signaling regulation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, protein–protein interactions and catalyzing reversible thiol modifications, such as S-nitrosylation and glutathionylation. Transcription factors, such as bacterial OxyR or eukaryotic NFκB, and protein tyrosine kinases (PTPs) involved in receptor signaling are regulated by Trx and Grx systems.
Novel biosensors based on optimized glycine oxidase (2014)

Glycine is involved in several physiological functions, e.g. as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and sarcosine has been identified as a differential metabolite greatly enhanced during prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis (GO) was engineered with the final aim of producing specific analytical systems to detect these small achiral amino acids. Based on in silico analysis, site-saturation mutagenesis was independently performed at 11 positions: a total of 16 single-point GO variants were analyzed. Significantly improved kinetic parameters were observed on glycine for the A54R, H244K-N-Q-R, Y246W and M261R variants. The introduction of multiple mutations then identified the H244K/M261R variant showing a 5.4-fold increase in maximal activity on glycine. With sarcosine as substrate, a number of single-point variants showed increased maximal activity and/or affinity: the kinetic efficiency was increased 6-fold for the M49L variant. Two GO variants with a high substrate specificity ratio for glycine (versus sarcosine, i.e. H244K GO) or for sarcosine (versus glycine, i.e. M49L GO) combined with high substrate affinity were used to set up a simple fluorescence-based biosensor. This optical sensing assay represents a novel, inexpensive and fast tool to assay glycine or sarcosine concentrations in biological samples (detection limit ≤ 0.5 μm).
[Clinical neurophysiology in the evaluation and physiopathology of Parkinson's disease]. (1985)

Clinical Neurophysiology brings about 2 major contributions in the study of Parkinson's disease: on the one hand, it makes it possible to measure the motor troubles; on the other, it enables their pathophysiological analysis. The 3 classical signs must be studied separately. Tremor can easily be recorded by electromyography. Moreover, its parkinsonian nature can be specified by studying the resetting of EMG bursts following electrical stimulation of the motor nerve. A pace maker has been demonstrated in the thalamus from where rhythmic messages are first sent to motor cortex and thereafter reverberated to spinal motoneurons. Rigidity can be assessed by sophisticated but not generalized methods. It is easier to evaluate it by long-loop responses evoked by proprioceptive or exteroceptive stimulations. These responses reflect activity in pathways relaying in supraspinal structures. Contrary to spasticity, rigidity is not basically due to dysfunctions in segmentary spinal circuits. It is more likely that it depends on hyperactive and hyperexcitable long loop pathways. This hypothesis is in agreement with well established facts showing that parkinsonian hypertonia vanishes after dorsal root section. Akinesia is complex semeiologically. It is made of various components some of which can be measured. Reaction times and movement times provide interesting data which however are not strictly correlated with the motor handicap. Motor programmes are assembled in normal delays but they are not "called upon" correctly, reflecting a disturbance in the motor planning. A lack of "energetization" of the motor cortex and the pyramidal tract is likely. A functional disconnection between the motor program/plan side and the execution side can be hypothesized to explain the 3 major signs; on the one hand, neural messages are not correctly transferred to the pyramidal system, on the other, spinoencephalospinal loops on the execution side become more active as they escape from the control normally exerted by the plan/program side where basal ganglia play a prominent role.
Iodine-123-5-iodo-6-nitroquipazine: SPECT radiotracer to image the serotonin transporter. (1996)

These results demonstrate that INQUIP SPECT images are sensitive measures of in vivo binding to the serotonin transporter, and support the further development of the tracer as a method for the in vivo study of serotonergic neurons in humans.
A mutation in T7 RNA polymerase that facilitates promoter clearance (2005)

Like multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs), T7 RNAP frequently releases its transcript over the initial 8-12 transcribed nucleotides, when it still contacts the promoter. This abortive cycling, which is most prominent with initial sequences that deviate from those of T7 late genes, eventually compromises productive transcription. Starting from an in vivo situation where transcription of a target gene by T7 RNAP is virtually abolished because of extensive abortive cycling, we have selected a mutation in RNAP that restores target gene expression. In vitro, this mutation (P266L) weakens promoter binding but markedly reduces abortive cycling over a variety of initial sequences by stabilizing the transcription complex at nucleotides 5-8. Other substitutions of P266 have similar effects. X-ray data show that during the transition from initial to elongation complex, the N-terminal region undergoes a major structural switch of which P266 constitutes one of the hinges. How the mutation might facilitate this switch is tentatively discussed. On the practical side, the mutation can significantly improve in vitro transcription, particularly from templates carrying unfavorable initial sequences.
A Dominant-Negative p65 PAK Peptide Inhibits Angiogenesis (2002)

PAK1 is a protein kinase downstream of the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 that previous work has implicated in endothelial cell migration via modulation of cell contraction. The first proline-rich region of PAK that binds to an SH3 domain from the adapter protein NCK was responsible for these dominant-negative effects. To test the role of PAK in angiogenesis, we prepared a peptide in which the proline-rich region was fused to the polybasic sequence from the HIV Tat protein to facilitate entry into cells. We show that the short peptide selectively binds NCK, whereas a mutant peptide does not. Treatment of cells with the PAK peptide but not the control peptide disrupts localization of PAK. This peptide specifically inhibited endothelial cell migration and contractility similarly to full-length dominant-negative PAK. In an in vitro tube-forming assay, the PAK peptide specifically blocked formation of multicellular networks. In an in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, the PAK peptide specifically blocked angiogenesis. These results, therefore, suggest a role for PAK in angiogenesis.
Multicast Negative-Acknowledgment (NACK) Building Blocks draft-ietf-rmt-bb-norm-revised-03 (2008)

This document discusses the creation of reliable multicast protocols utilizing negativeacknowledgment (NACK) feedback. The rationale for protocol design goals and assumptions are presented. Technical challenges for NACK-based (and in some cases general) reliable multicast protocol operation ar ei dentified. These goals and challenges ar er esolved into a set of functional that address different aspects of reliable multicast protocol operation. It is anticipated that these building blocks will be useful in generating different instantiations of reliable multicast protocols.
Preventing real-world relay attacks on contactless devices (2014)

This paper is focused on preventing relay attacks on contactless devices, such as contactless smart cards or Near-Field Communication (NFC) devices. Relay attacks can be prevented by the so called distance bounding protocols, which are based on restricting the round trip time to some limit. Distance bounding protocols protect against all theoretical attacks, because the time limit is calculated from the maximal allowed distance and from the speed of light. Real-world attacks are not perfect and induce additional delay to the delay caused by the signal travelling longer distance. This delay is caused by hardware components processing the signal and sending it to a different location. If the communication is relayed over a distance exceeding the range of one transmitter, it is likely that some buffering will be used. If the data are sent over network using TCP/IP, the induced delay will be significant. The attacker can reduce the response time in the relay attack by overclocking the forged reader in order to get the response from the smart card faster than the legitimate reader would get it. This would give the attacker a chance to reduce the roundtrip time and not exceed the time limit defined in the distance bounding protocol. We propose a method to prevent real-world attacks that induce delays significantly longer than the delay caused by the time travelling longer distance. We also show a countermeasure to the oveclocking attacks.
Open Government Data: A Data Analytics Approach (2013)

The International Open Government Dataset Search (IOGDS) team discusses what they've learned about international government data publication trends and tendencies through the application of data analytics and visualization to metadata.
A Process Model of Fire Ecology and Succession in a Mixed‐Conifer Forest (1984)

A forest succession simulator, SILVA, has been developed for the mixed—conifer forest (seven major species) of the Sierra Nevada, California, to simulate the effects of fire on forest dynamics. SILVA is an extensive modification of a simulator for forests of the northeastern United States. The simulation includes the time development of the growth in tree diameter, tree height, and leaf—area index. Recruitment and mortality are modeled stochastically. Modifications include fire ecology, temporal seed—crop patterns, and seedling—survival factors unique to Sierra Nevada forests. The probability of mortality from fire is determined by the height of crown scorch (a function of fire intensity, diameter at breast height, and bark thickness). The model simulates the dynamic and structural responses of communities to many factors. For 500—yr simulations from an initial clear—cut condition, the time—averaged basal—area ratios of Pinus ponderosa to Abies concolor were 5.2:1 and 1:16 for elevations of 1524 m and 1829 m, respectively. At 1524 m, the ratio of P. ponderosa to A. concolor decreased 59% when fire suppression was introduced. Fire provides P. ponderosa with a strong competitive advantage. Its growth form and growth rate are significant factors in its ability to evade fire. Rank correlations of species were compared with data for stands of ponderosa pine and white fir. Correlations were significant at 1% and 10% levels, respectively.