gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MTHFR-MMP2 gene-gene interactions may increase the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (2021)

Objective To explore the role of genetic interactions of MTHFR-MMP2 in risks for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods A 1: 2 matched case-control study was performed on the AAA patients admitted in the vascular surgery department of Chinese PLA General Hospital between 2011 and 2014, and on the non-AAA patients (control group) with matched gender and age from both the above hospital and a community of Fangshan district during the same period. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect information such as demographic characteristics, medical history and behavioral risk factors. Physical and abdominal aortic ultrasound examinations were carried out, and 5 mL peripheral venous blood samples were collected for genotyping. The interactions between MTHFR and MMP2 genes were investigated using both traditional and machine learning methods, including conditional Logistic regression model, generalized multifactor dimension reduction (GMDR) and EPI stasis sparse factor analysis (EPISFA). Whether the genetic interactions affects the risk of AAA was analyzed and determined, on additive and multiplicative scales, respectively. In addition, relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (API) and synergy index (S) were adopted to assess the direction and magnitude of the genetic interactions between MTHFR and MMP2. Results A total of 465 individuals, including 155 AAA patients and 310 non-AAA subjects at a matched ratio of 1: 2 were enrolled in this study during 2011 and 2014. After adjustment of covariates, antagonistic interactions between MTHFR gene and multiple loci of MMP2 gene (rs1132896, rs1477017, rs1992116, rs243847) were found on both additive and multiplicative scales simultaneously (P < 0.05), which could affect AAA risks. And the results were verified by the above 3 methods. GMDR and EPISFA results suggested that there might be high-dimensional interactions between MTHFR and MMP2, with high cross-validation consistency and significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion There may be antagonistic gene-gene interactions between MTHFR and MMP2, and the interactions may potentially influence the risks for AAA.
C-Type natriuretic peptide: a potential urinary biomarker for renal remodeling and fibrosis during aging (2011)

Background Renal aging is characterized by structural changes in the kidney, including fibrosis, which are often accompanied by reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and elevated urinary protein excretion (UPE) that likely contributes to increased risk of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality in the elderly. Importantly a recent study, using biopsy in healthy kidney donors across six decades of life, demonstrated the presence of preclinical agerelated nephropathy which was otherwise undetectable using conventional clinical tests including GFR and UPE. Although, there are a number of biomarkers for renal disease and injury, there are few which target early renal remodeling prior to the onset of symptoms during natural aging. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is highly expressed in renal cells, is potently anti-fibrotic, inhibits renal mesangial matrix accumulation and may play a role in podocyte-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) integrity. Since aging is associated with altered renal structure and function that may contribute to the development of kidney and heart failure, we sought to determine if CNP might serve as a urinary biomarker for global renal remodeling as a compensatory renal response to injury induced by aging.
Physically based animation of sea anemones in real-time (2009)

This paper presents a technique for modeling and animating fiber-like objects such as sea anemones tentacles in real-time. Each fiber is described by a generalized cylinder defined around an articulated skeleton. The dynamics of each individual fiber is controlled by a physically based simulation that updates the position of the skeleton's frames over time. We take into account the forces generated by the surrounding fluid as well as a stiffness function describing the bending behavior of the fiber. High level control of the animation is achieved through the use of four types of singularities to describe the three-dimensional continuous velocity field representing the fluid. We thus animate hundreds of fibers by key-framing only a small number of singularities. We apply this algorithm on a seascape composed of many sea anemones. We also show that our algorithm is more general and can be applied to other types of objects composed of fibers such as seagrasses.
Nocturnal Desaturation Early After Delivery: Impact of Delivery Type and the Beneficial Effects of Fowler’s Position (2019)

( Br J Anaesth . 2019;122:e64–e66) The authors of the present study previously reported that 20% of women experience obstructive sleep apnea episodes in the immediate postpartum period. They have also found that women sleeping in a 45-degree elevated upper body position, rather than supine, may have significantly reduced apnea-hypopnea indices. Subsequently, in this article, the authors reported on their continuing investigation, which evaluates the impact of delivery type on nocturnal oxygenation and the potential influence of elevated upper body position.
MATURATION AND REPRODUCTION OF Penaeus setiferus IN CAPTIVITY (1980)

ABSTRACT Recently, the maturation and spawning of Penaeus setiferus in captivity was reported. However, none of the spawned eggs hatched. This paper reports the maturation and spawning of Penaeus setiferus in captivity with 0 to 75% of the spawned eggs hatching. The experiments were performed in 4.9 m diameter circular tanks at Marifarms, Inc. facility in Panama City, Florida. Each circular tank contained 70 to 80 animals with 1:1 female to male ratio. All females within 2 tanks were unilaterally ablated and all females in a third tank were unablated. The diet consisted of a 1:1:1 ratio of prepared dried feed or oysters, squid, and polychaete worms. The animals were fed 3% of their body weight each day. The feeding times were 0800, 1130 and 1500 hours. A natural light regimen was used with a salinity variation of 24 to 29 ppt and a temperature range of 27 to 31°C. Only unilaterally ablated females produced fertile eggs. Repeated spawns produced approximately 1,565,000 nauplii over a period of 30 days. Three groups totaling 865,000 nauplii were raised to 17‐day‐old postlarvae with an average survival of 65% at the Marifarms, Inc. hatchery. Thirty‐six thousand of these postlarvae were stocked in an integrated 3‐pond system at the Texas A&amp;M facility in Corpus Christi, Texas. The animals grew to an average size of 8.1 g with 61.5% survival after 117 days in the pond. Thus, for the first time, laboratory maturation, repeated spawning, successful hatching, larval development and juvenile production was achieved for Penaeus setiferus.
[Biological review of completed suicide]. (2016)

Family, twin and adoption studies have revealed genetic factors involved in suicide, while the accumulation of stress and mental illnesses are major contributing factors of suicide. Since higher lethality of suicidal behavior is considered to increase familial liability to suicidal behavior, we believe biological research of completed suicide is most important for a better understanding of the pathophysiology in suicide. Dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has gained a special interest in the neurobiology of suicide, mostly because of the findings using a dexamethasone suppression test (DST), in which DST non-suppressors show a nearly 10-fold higher risk of completed suicide than DST suppressors in a depressed cohort. Other data mainly from postmortem brain studies indicate abnormalities of the noradrenergic-locus coeruleus system, serotonergic system, endogenous opioid system, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, inflammatory cytokines and omega-3 fatty acid in completed suicide. However, genetic research of complete suicide is behind other mental problems because it is extremely difficult to obtain tissue samples of completed suicide. Under the difficult situation, we now retain over 800 blood samples of suicide completers thanks to bereaved families' cooperation. We are actively working on the research of suicide, for instance, by performing a GWAS using 500 samples of suicide completers.
A Statistical Shape Atlas of the Surgically Reconstructed Aortic Arch in Patients With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (2014)

The native aorta in new-borns with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is often small or malformed. It requires surgical reconstruction and enlargement to enable systemic blood flow from the single right ventricle. However, morbidity and mortality remain high after surgery. The shape and size of the reconstruction are important factors affecting the hemodynamics in the aortic arch as well as potentially impacting on ventricular performance by inducing changes in afterload. To facilitate the diagnosis of abnormal or high-risk cases, an average reference model of the
aortic arch is necessary. Such a representative mean shape of the patient population (the “atlas”) helps to quantify shape variations in 3D and allows statistical correlation of shape features to clinical outcomes.

This retrospective study is based on a patient population of n=35 children with HLHS who underwent surgical arch reconstruction and subsequent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) examination. Three-dimensional surface models of the surgically enlarged aortic arches, excluding the brachiocephalic arteries, were reconstructed from the CMR whole-heart sequence serving as input data for the atlas calculation, Fig. 1. The atlas was calculated using a diffeomorphic surface registration algorithm based on a forward model, in which the surfaces are represented non-parametrically by currents [1]. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the resulting shape vectors to determine dominant shape features in our population. The deviation of each patient’s aorta from the atlas was calculated as a dimensionless number in the space of currents.
Fig. 1 shows the input surface meshes and the resulting atlas. Ten principal deformation modes from PCA accounted for 90% of the shape variation. Remarkably, 4 out of 5 patients with poor clinical outcome (defined as either death or cardiac transplantation) showed deviations from the atlas above the median value, Fig. 1. We present the first 3D shape atlas of the reconstructed aortic arch in patients with palliated HLHS. Our data suggest that clinical outcomes can be associated with shape features. The calculated PCA modes allow investigating this correlation more in detail. Results from such analyses can improve risk assessment and consequently affect surgical decision making in the completion of aortic arch reconstructions.
The investigation of the performance of bondability and solderability on various substrate surface finishes (2010)

In this paper, we studied the characterization for various surface finished, such as electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold (ENEPIG), electrolytic Ni/Au, and Organic Solderability Preservation (OSP). It was found that the bondibility result of ENEPIG was comparable with electrolytic Ni/Au, though ENEPIG surface showed larger grain size and higher surface roughness than that of electrolytic Ni/Au. About ball reliability, Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) jointed on ENEPIG surface, it has the highest soldering strength no metter in cold ball pull or shear tests. The thermal aging test showed that ENEPIG and OSP had similar performance, while electrolytic Ni/Au was the worst one at high speed shear test. About the board level drop test, all of test vehicle were pass JEDEC Standard (30 times with 80% fail), and ENEPIG and OSP are better than electrolytic Ni/Au. For normal and high-speed SMD shear tests, ENEPIG and electrolytic Ni/Au had similar shear strength before thermal aging; however, the shear strength of electrolytic Ni/Au decreased significantly with increasing aging time, but ENEPIG still remained.
Safety Design and Evaluation in a Large-Scale Japan Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (2012)

As a next-generation plant, a large-scale Japan sodium-cooled fast reactor (JSFR) adopts a number of innovative technologies in order to achieve economic competitiveness, enhanced reliability, and safety. This paper describes safety requirements for JSFR conformed to the defense-in-depth principle in IAEA. Specific design features of JSFR are a passive reactor shutdown system and a recriticality-free concept against anticipated transients without scram (ATWS) in design extension conditions (DECs). A fully passive decay heat removal system with natural circulation is also introduced for design-basis events (DBEs) and DECs. In this paper, the safety design accommodation in JSFR was validated by safety analyses for representative DBEs: primary pump seizure and long-term loss-of-offsite power accidents. The safety analysis also showed the effectiveness of the passive shutdown system against a typical ATWS. Severe accident analysis supported by safety experiments and phenomenological consideration led to the feasibility of in-vessel retention without energetic recriticality. Moreover, a probabilistic safety assessment indicated to satisfy the risk target.
Macromolecular Structure of Axonal Membrane during Acute Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in Rat and Guinea Pig Spinal Cord (1987)

Axonal membrane structure during acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) was examined with freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Axons without myelin sheaths were prevalent within EAE spinal cords. Often these axons were associated with astrocytic processes, though membrane specializations were not observed at these sites. The demyelinated axons exhibited a highly asymmetrical partitioning of intramembranous particles (IMP), with approximately 2,000 particles/micron2 on P-faces and approximately 150/micron2 on E-faces. This distribution and density of IMP is similar to myelinated internodal membrane. The IMP were generally randomly distributed along the axons. However, in some regions, E-faces of demyelinated axons without paranodal-like membrane specialization in the vicinity displayed a greater than normal (approximately 500/micron2) particle density. Many of the IMP in these regions of increased density were of a large (greater than 10 nm) diameter. Axonal membrane bounded by a single set of paranodal oligodendroglial loops ('heminodal') was also observed, and the axolemma adjacent to the terminal glial loop exhibited a gradient of morphologies. The E-faces of presumed heminodal membrane most often displayed a moderately low density of IMP. However, in several instances, heminodal membrane exhibited a moderately high IMP density (approximately 1,100/micron2), similar to that observed within normal nodal membrane. In all cases, a high percentage of the E-face IMP within heminodal membrane were large. The results demonstrate that acute demyelination is associated with a maintenance of the integrity of certain components of the axolemma and an apparent dedifferentiation in other constituents.
Tailing of thermal inactivation curve of Aspergillus niger spores (1996)

The nonlinear thermal inactivation of Aspergillus niger spores in phosphate-citrate buffer was studied. The thermal inactivation pattern of the spore consisted of a shoulder, an accelerated decline, and a tail at various constant temperatures around 60 degrees C. The pattern fitted a thermotolerant subpopulation model. In the model, we postulated that some spores in the initial population had become thermotolerant at a certain ratio during heating. The model parameters including the rate coefficients, the time lag, and the existence ratio of thermotolerant cells were analyzed at various temperatures. The tailing was not observed at an initial concentration below 10(3) cells per ml. Cells cultured from thermotolerant cells showed an inactivation pattern similar to that of the original cells. Also, cells at the second heating showed the same thermotolerance as or were slightly more thermosensitive than the original cells. Intermittent heating was found to be effective to inactivate cells at a high concentration.
Bone mass and markers of bone metabolism in premenopansal women with rheumatoid arthritis. (1998)

Generalized bone loss is recognized as a major event in RA. Both biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and the bone mineral density were investigated in remission, non-steroid treated patients with RA in order to assess bone turnover and bone loss in remission phase RA.We studied 31 patients of remission RA with good response to DMARDs and compared with remission SLE and normal young adults. Urinary NTx, pyridinoline (PYR), deoxypyridinoline (DPYR) and TRAP, as parameters of bone resorption and serum bone related alkaline phosphatase (ALP III), osteocalcine and ICP (S) were measured in RA, SLE and healthy subjects. Total bone density (TBD), trabecular density (TD) and cortex density (CD) were also evaluated using XCT960 pQCT.ALP III, osteocalcine and ICP (S) levels were significantly lower in RA compared with 6 healthy subjects, but there was no significant difference between SLE and healthy subjects.PYR levels were elevated in stage III and IV of RA but were similar between SLE and healthy subjects. TBD including TD and CD was significantly reduced in RA patients compared with the control group. Decreasing ratio of TBD in RA patients was correlated with advancement of RA. However, TBD value in stage IV RA patients were seemingly increased as compression fracture of lumber spine in osteoporosis.These results suggest that bone metabolism may be uncouple in remission phase RA. Bone formation appeared to be reduced, whereas resorption is increased.
Design of Slow Wave Structure for G-band TWT for High Data Rate Links (2019)

The need of high data rate can be satisfied only by wide frequency bands in the millimetre wave region. This paper presents the design of a G-band (215 - 250 GHz) Traveling Wave Tube with 40 dB gain for wireless communications, based on the double corrugated waveguide. The structure of the TWT is based on a single section, instead of the typical configuration of two sections with a sever used at microwave frequency. This is possible due to the high losses at those frequency that permit a stable behaviour. This paper reports both cold and hot simulations.
Periorbital Rejuvenation: A Review of Dermatologic Treatments (1999)

Proper patient selection and assessment of aging severity are critical to determine the best therapeutic option.
Chiral J‐Aggregates of Atropo‐Enantiomeric Perylene Bisimides and Their Self‐Sorting Behavior (2012)

Herein we report on structural, morphological, and optical properties of homochiral and heterochiral J-aggregates that were created by nucleation-elongation assembly of atropo-enantiomerically pure and racemic perylene bisimides (PBIs), respectively. Our detailed studies with conformationally stable biphenoxy-bridged chiral PBIs by UV/Vis absorption, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed structurally as well as spectroscopically quite different kinds of J-aggregates for enantiomerically pure and racemic PBIs. AFM investigations showed that enantiopure PBIs form helical nanowires of unique diameter and large length-to-width ratio by self-recognition, while racemic PBIs provide irregular-sized particles by self-discrimination of the enantiomers at the stage of nucleation. Steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy studies revealed that the photoluminescence efficiency of homochiral J-aggregated nanowires (47±3%) is significantly higher than that of heterochiral J-aggregated particle-like aggregates (12±3%), which is explained in terms of highly ordered molecular stacking in one-dimensional nanowires of homochiral J-aggregates. Our present results demonstrate the high impact of homochirality on the construction of well-defined nanostructures with unique optical properties.
Maximum a posteriori super-resolution of compressed video with a novel multichannel image prior and a new observation model (2011)

In this paper we propose a class of SR algorithms for compressed video using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach. These algorithms utilize a novel multichannel image prior model which has already been presented mainly for uncompressed video, along with a new hierarchical Gaussian nonstationary version of the state-of-the-art quantization noise model. The relationship between model components and the decoded bitstream is also demonstrated. An additional novelty of this framework pertains to the transition flexibility from totally nonstationary algorithms used for compressed video to fully stationary algorithms used for raw video. Numerical simulations comparing the proposed models among themselves, verify the efficacy of the adopted multichannel nonstationary prior for different compression ratios, and the significant role of the nonstationary observation term.
Variable MEMS-based inductors fabricated from PECVD silicon nitride (2005)

This paper presents the implementation of inductors for on-chip integration with RF electronics. The inductors were fabricated using silicon bulk micromachining to form a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) that is free from eddy-current losses found in spiral inductors formed using conventional silicon processing. By using the fabrication approach developed here, the resulting inductors are electrically tunable with the application of low DC bias voltages.
CORRESPONDENCE ON CORROSION OF IRON AND STEEL. (1881)

Keywords CORROSION, IRON, STEEL, MILD, METALS, BOILERS, MARINE, SHIPS, SHIPBUILDING, TUBES, MAGNETIC, OXIDES, GALVANIC, ACTION, PLATES... Show All
Preparation and utility of a self-lubricating & anti-wear graphene oxide/nano-polytetrafluoroethylene hybrid (2014)

Graphene oxide/nano-PTFE (GNF), combining intrinsic functions from graphene oxide and nano-PTFE, as a self-lubricating and anti-wear additive, reduces friction coefficient and further increases wear resistance.
Single-Event Characterization of Bang-bang All-digital Phase-locked Loops (ADPLLs) (2015)

The single-event vulnerability of a bang-bang ADPLL is investigated through fault injection experiments and circuit simulations. Single-event upsets in the digital loop filter result in the worst-case error response of the ADPLL, often requiring phase reacquisition. Single-event tolerant design guidelines for the digital loop filter are proposed and validated through FPGA-based fault injection experiments.