gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transport and Modeling of Estrogenic Hormones in a Dairy Farm Effluent through Undisturbed Soil Lysimeters (2010)

The presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), in surface waters has been associated with physiological dysfunction in a number of aquatic organisms. One source of surface and groundwater contamination with E1 and E2 is the land application of animal wastes. The processes involved in the transport of these hormones in the soil, when applied with animal wastes, are still unclear. Therefore, a field-transport experiment was carried out, where a dairy farm effluent spiked with E1 and E2 was applied on large (50 cm diameter and 70 cm depth) undisturbed soil lysimeters. The concentrations of E1 and E2 in the leachate were monitored over a 3-month period, during which irrigation was applied. The experimental data suggest that E1 and E2 were transported through preferential/macropore flow pathways. The data from the experiment also show that E1 and E2 are leached earlier than the inert tracer (bromide). This observation can be explained either by the presence of antecedent concentrations in the soil or by an enhanced transport of E1 and E2 through the soil. A state-space mixing-cell model was further developed in order to describe the transport of E1 and E2 by three transport processes in parallel. The inverse modeling of the leaching data did not support the hypothesis that antecedent concentrations of estrogens could be responsible for the observed breakthrough curves but confirmed that estrogens were transported mainly via preferential/macropore flow and also via an enhanced transport. The parameter values that characterized this enhanced transport strongly suggest that this enhanced transport is mediated by colloids. For the first time, the simultaneous transport of E1 and E2 was modeled under transient conditions, taking into account the advection-dispersion, preferential/macropore flow, and colloidal-enhanced transport processes as well as E1 and E2 dissipation in the soil. These findings have major implications in terms of management practices to decrease E1 and E2 transport and water contamination.
Two-dimensional bend sensing with a single, multi-core optical fibre (2000)

Measurement of two-dimensional bending in a structural element using intrinsic optical fibre strain gauges would normally require three sensors to be attached to, or embedded within, the structure. The same measurement can now be made using a single multi-core optical fibre, reducing deployment cost and increasing practicality.
Terahertz parametric amplification using KTiOPO4 (2016)

We show superior terahertz parametric generation from potassium titanyl phosphate over lithium niobate and lithium tantalate, and demonstrate seeded parametric amplification in KTP with a ~5W peak output power at 5.7 THz.
Comparison of EVA and Polyolefin Plastomer as Blend Components in Various Film Applications (1998)

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers at various%VA content and AFFINITY** polyolefin plastomers (POP) were evaluated as blend components in various film applications rich in LDPE and LLDPE. The EVA resin miscibility with LDPE or LLDPE decreased as the VA content increased so that high VA EVA resins were partially or completely immiscible with LDPE or LLDPE resins. Both POP resins were miscible with LDPE or LLDPE resins. The blown films of LDPE/POP blends gave lower heat seal initiation temperature and lower haze compared to LDPE/EVA blended films. This is due to immiscibility of Elvax 3165 (18% VA) and Elvax 3128 (9% VA) with the LDPE resin. The impact and tear resistance of the POP based blown films were also superior. Oriented films of blends of POP with LLDPE and ULDPE resins exhibited significantly lower haze compared to blends of 12% VA EVA with LLDPE and ULDPE resins. Again, this is due to partial immiscibility of 12% VA EVA with LLDPE and ULDPE resins. The oriented films of blends of POP with LLDPE and ULDPE resins exhibited similar shrinkage at 90'C compared to blends of 12% VA EVA with LLDPE and ULDPE resins.
Spiritualize the Soul of Students with Advanced Culture,Let their Ideals Sail in the Reading (2005)

In order to carry out thoroughly i°The CCCPC Notion on Further Strengthening and Improving the undergraduate Ideological Educationi±, aim at the ubiquitous problems in the undergraduates, what measures for the library should take to help them build up conect world view, philosophy and view of value? How does the library work combine with the ideological and moral education to the undergraduates? This article discusses the following aspects: give full play to library’s function, establish the undergraduate reading party and develop the second classroom reading activity.
Iron chelators may help prevent photoaging (2006)

For years, cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging treatments have attracted consumers. Skin aging is accelerated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), in a process known as photoaging. Because cutaneous iron catalyses ROS generation, it is thought to play a key role in photoaging. Iron is essential to almost all forms of life. However, excess iron is potentially toxic as its catalytic activity induces the generation of ROS. Iron-catalysed ROS generation is involved in numerous pathological conditions, including cutaneous damage. When skin is directly exposed to UVR, cutaneous intracellular catalytic iron levels increase because of the release of iron from iron-binding proteins such as ferritin. Consequently, the subsequent ROS generation may overwhelm cutaneous defense systems such as the cellular iron sequestration and ROS scavenging capacity. The harmful role of excess cutaneous iron implies that there may be a potential for topical iron chelator treatments. We now consider cutaneous photodamage skin photoaging as the result of iron-catalysed ROS generation and discuss preventative strategies based on iron chelators.
RNA interference-mediated gene silencing in murine T cells: and validation of proinflammatory target genes-5 (2011)

stealth™ siRNAs (S#1, S#2, and S#3) by using nucleofection. Cell lysates were prepared 24 and 48 h after transfection and ZAP70 expression was analyzed by RT-PCR (A) and Western blot analysis (B). As control cells were mock transfected ("-", no siRNA added), or transfected with a control siRNA pool (Ctrl). (A) RT-PCR of ZAP70 mRNA expression in transfected T cells determined 24 h after nucleofection as fold expression of the house keeping gene β-actin. (B) Western blot analysis of transfected T cells 48 h after nucleofection with siRNAs indicated in (A). Protein knockdown of ZAP70 was detected by ZAP70-specific antibody. β-actin was used as loading control. Shown are the mean values of triplicates of a representative experiments of two independent experiments.<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "RNA interference-mediated gene silencing in murine T cells: and validation of proinflammatory target genes"http://www.biosignaling.com/content/6/1/3Cell communication and signaling : CCS 2008;6():3-3.Published online 6 Aug 2008PMCID:PMC2517589.
Attenuated 5‐HT1A receptor signaling in brains of suicide victims: involvement of adenylyl cyclase, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase, Akt and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (2003)

Positron emission tomography studies in major depression show reduced serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor antagonist-binding potentials in many brain regions including occipital cortex. The functional meaning of this observation in terms of signal transduction is unknown. We used postmortem brain samples from depressed suicide victims to examine the downstream effectors of 5-HT1A receptor activation. The diagnosis was established by means of psychological autopsy using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) III-R criteria. Measurements of [35S]GTPgammaS binding to Galphai/o in the occipital cortex of suicide victims and matched controls revealed a blunted response in suicide subjects and a decrease in the coupling of 5-HT1A receptor to adenylyl cyclase. No significant group differences were detected in the expression levels of Galphai/o, Galphaq/11 or Galphas proteins, or in the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A. Studies of a parallel transduction pathway downstream from 5-HT1A receptor activation demonstrated a decrease in the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and its downstream effector Akt, as well as an increase in PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), the phosphatase that hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate. Finally, the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 was attenuated in suicide victims. These data suggest that the alterations in agonist-stimulated 5-HT1A receptor activation in depressed suicide victims are also manifest downstream from the associated G protein, affecting the activity of second messengers in two 5-HT1A receptor transduction pathways that may have implications for cell survival.
Scalable routing in ad hoc mobile, wireless networks (2003)

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a wireless network that does not rely on pre-existing fixed communication infrastructures, but constructs instant interconnections among mobile nodes by self-organizing and self-configuring, often through multi-hopping. In ad hoc, mobile wireless networks the routing protocol is a key to efficient operation. The design of an ad hoc routing protocol is extremely challenging because of mobility, limited computational power, unpredictable radio channel behavior and constrained bandwidth. As the network grows large, an additional challenge must be faced: large number of nodes. Large number of nodes leads to large routing tables and high control traffic overhead, which significantly undermines the scalability of routing protocols. 
The dissertation research proposes and studies efficient and scalable routing protocols for wireless mobile ad hoc networks in large scale, especially through effective modeling and handling mobility. The dissertation presents Dynamic Landmark Ad Hoc Routing (LANMAR) protocol as a solution to problems incurred by large network size. LANMAR truncates normal routing operations into a small routing scope, and summarizes routes to remote nodes into a few route directions. When running the protocol, not only can the mobility impact be lessened significantly, but also the routing control overhead can be reduced dramatically, leading to high routing efficiency. The scalability of LANMAR is further studied to extend to diversified application and network domains, and more important, to provide an infrastructure-wise solution to a variety of MANET routing protocols through inter-working with them. To increase the robustness and flexibility, we further develop Multiple Landmark Ad Hoc Routing to work in networks with coordinated motion patterns in large-scale or arbitrary-shaped. 
The scalability of LANMAR is enabled by characterizing coordinated motion patterns, a not-so-rare phenomenon appearing in large-scale mobile wireless networks. A scheme that recognizes motion affinity among nodes and dynamically organizes them into manageable groups is proposed by the dissertation research. Combined with a group address lookup service, it considerably simplifies mobility management, and for large-scale networks, enables summarized routes over the groups.
JOWOG 22/2 - Actinide Chemical Technology (July 9-13, 2012) (2012)

The Plutonium Science and Manufacturing Directorate provides world-class, safe, secure, and reliable special nuclear material research, process development, technology demonstration, and manufacturing capabilities that support the nation's defense, energy, and environmental needs. We safely and efficiently process plutonium, uranium, and other actinide materials to meet national program requirements, while expanding the scientific and engineering basis of nuclear weapons-based manufacturing, and while producing the next generation of nuclear engineers and scientists. Actinide Process Chemistry (NCO-2) safely and efficiently processes plutonium and other actinide compounds to meet the nation's nuclear defense program needs. All of our processing activities are done in a world class and highly regulated nuclear facility. NCO-2's plutonium processing activities consist of direct oxide reduction, metal chlorination, americium extraction, and electrorefining. In addition, NCO-2 uses hydrochloric and nitric acid dissolutions for both plutonium processing and reduction of hazardous components in the waste streams. Finally, NCO-2 is a key team member in the processing of plutonium oxide from disassembled pits and the subsequent stabilization of plutonium oxide for safe and stable long-term storage.
Potential of Microemulsions in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics: A Patent Review (2008)

The recent success of cyclosporin marketed formulation--Sandimmune Neoral by Sandoz in Europe has invigorated the gaining interest in microemulsions as potential drug delivery systems. These thermodynamically stable, transparent (or translucent) dispersions of oil and water stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant molecules have potential applications whenever it is necessary to mix oil and water and where a large oil-water interface is required. Thus, microemulsions have drawn considerable interest. Until now excellent reviews covering aspects of bioavailability, theories, physical properties, formulation design, physical characterization, drug release and delivery potential have been cited in literature but there is no review that discusses the intellectual (patent) aspect of these delivery systems. In order to appreciate the intellectual potential of these delivery systems, this review summarizes the patents governing various applications of these delivery systems.
Complexation of uranium(VI) with aromatic acids in aqueous solution – a comparison of hydroxamic acids and benzoic acid (2007)

The complex formation of uranium(VI) with salicylhydroxamic,benzohydroxamic, and benzoic acid in 0.1 M NaClO 4 was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy at pH 3 and 4. Uranium(VI) species of the type M p L q H r were identified from the UV-vis spectra in all three systems. An increase in the absorption combined with a blue shift of the absorption maxima in comparison to the bands of the free uranyl ion of 22.5 ± 2 nm was observed in the uranium (VI)-salicylhydroxamic acid-system. Besides indications for a 1:2 complex, the formation of a 1:1 complex with a stability constant of log β 111 = 17.12 ± 0.10 could be demonstrated by its individual absorption spectrum and molar absorption coefficient. Also in the uranium(VI)-benzohydroxamic acid-system a blue shift of the absorption maxima in comparison to the bands of the free uranyl ion of 27 ± 1.4 nm indicate the complex formation. The stability constants are log β 110 = 7.96 ± 0.05 for UO 2 [C 6 H 4 CONHO] + and log β 120 = 15.25 ± 0.11 for UO 2 [C 6 H 4 CONHO] 2 . In contrast to the hydroxamic acids, benzoic acid shows a red shift of the absorption maxima of 2.5 ± 2 nm. Only the 1:1 complex UO 2 [C 6 H 4 COO] + with a stability constant of log β 110 = 3.37 ± 0.14 is existent. An estimate is made in order to discuss the dependencies observed in the absorption spectra in relation to possible coordination modes of uranium(VI). The strength of the complex formation between uranyl and the three aromatic acids is discussed.
Letter: Infarction in patients treated with propranolol (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Figure represents the findings in the angiogram of a patient discharged on a drug regimen for angina pectoris from a hospital in the United States. The right coronary artery showed high-grade obstruction at the usual site of obstruction, just proximal to the origin of the branch to the atrioventricular node. It is not unreasonable to suppose that in such a situation there exists a high risk of complete obstruction and consequent acute myocardial infarction. It may, therefore, be salutary to consider the immediate effects of acute occlusion. Observations on 21 patients within 30 minutes of the onset of posterior infarction when this was a first infarct showed that 17 had bradycardia, 16 with associated hypotension. Eight of the 17 had a systolic blood pressure not greater than 80 mm Hg, and in two patients the blood pressure was unrecordable. Thus, eight of the 21, or one
Estudio de la imagen y posicionamiento institucional de la Agencia Nacional de Tránsito entre los usuarios en Quito. (2017)

La Agencia Nacional de Transito ha tenido que pasar por varios cambios de denominacion institucional, por lo que se ha generado confusion y desconocimiento de sus servicios y un bajo posicionamiento de la imagen frente a sus publicos. Partiendo de esta premisa, se planteo un levantamiento de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos dentro del estudio de marketing y asi poder medir el nivel de posicionamiento actual de la 
Institucion. Pudimos concluir que existe una buena percepcion de la imagen de la Agencia Nacional de Transito, pero que sus publicos aun confunden las competencias de cada una; asi mismo se pudo determinar que cada vez son mas los usuarios que siguen a la Institucion en las redes sociales y crean un vinculo comunicacional para despejar sus dudas, siendo estos los usuarios que tienen mas claras las competencias de cada una de las instituciones que manejan el transito.
Potential use of human stem cell factor as adjunctive therapy for human immunodeficiency virus-related cytopenias (1991)

Hematopoietic dysfunction with peripheral cytopenias is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Symptomatic anemia is the most common cytopenia and occurs in the presence and absence of myelosuppressive drug therapy such as zidovudine. Drug-induced neutropenia and immune thrombocytopenia are also frequent and occur in up to 50% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Attempts to reduce the impact of bone marrow failure have focused on dose reduction of zidovudine, ganciclovir, and chemotherapy, and the use of recombinant hematopoietic hormones such as erythropoietin (EPO) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Despite these maneuvers, approximately 30% of patients with AIDS receiving zidovudine will become transfusion-dependent. This has led to investigations of other cytokines that may increase blood cell formation. The recent identification of decreased number and proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors in patients with HIV infection suggests that agents which have activity on progenitor cell pools may have clinical utility. We demonstrate that human stem cell factor (HuSCF) increases burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), colony- forming unit-granulocyte-monocyte (CFU-GM), and CFU-Mix formation in vitro in normal and HIV-infected individuals. HuSCF also decreases the sensitivity of BFU-E to inhibition by zidovudine without altering HIV replication in lymphocytes or monocytes, altering peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) or altering the effectiveness of zidovudine or dideoxyinosine in inhibiting HIV replication in lymphocytes or monocytes. These studies suggest that HuSCF may have clinical utility in HIV infection as an adjunctive treatment for HIV-related cytopenias.
Recovery and Properties of Muscle Proteins Extracted from Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Light Muscle by pH Shift Processing (2006)

ABSTRACT: Functional proteins can be extracted from fish muscle using acid‐ or alkali‐aided solubilization and recovered with isoelectric precipitation. It was of interest to evaluate acid‐ and alkali‐aided solubilization/precipitation on muscle material from the warm‐water fish tilapia. Higher levels of proteins were extracted with high compared with low pH ( P &lt; 0.05) because of higher protein solubility at high pH. Protein extraction was not influenced by the specific low or high pH tested or homogenization time. Similar protein types were extracted for the low and high pH solubilization, while proteolysis was observed at low pH. Viscosity was significantly higher at pH 2.3 to 2.9 compared with pH 10.8 to 11.4 ( P &lt; 0.05) and varied greatly at low pH indicating a more unstable system. Two different low (pH 2.5 and 2.9) and high (pH 11 and 11.2) solubilization pH values were selected and protein recovery investigated in the pH range 5.1 to 5.7. The alkali‐extracted proteins had more solubility at pH 5.1 to 5.7 ( P &lt; 0.05) and thus less protein ( P &lt; 0.05) was precipitated compared with the acid‐aided process. More protein was recovered as pH increased from 5.1 to 5.7 ( P &lt; 0.05). More protein types were found in the supernatant after precipitation for the alkali‐aided treatment, and soluble proteins were similar to those of untreated tilapia muscle homogenate. Viscosities of the acid‐ and alkali‐extracted proteins at pH 5.1 to 5.7 were significantly higher than the viscosity of native proteins at that pH ( P &lt; 0.05). While this study demonstrated significant differences in protein extractability and precipitation of the 2 processes, no statistical difference ( P &gt; 0.05) was found for overall protein recovery (61% to 68% for alkali‐aided process and 56% to 61% for acid‐aided process) of the 2 processes.
In Situ Operational Reshading of Arrays with Failed Elements: Algorithm Documentation Package (1991)

Abstract : An algorithm documentation package containing: (1) a reprint of an article in the IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, vol. OE-12, no. 1, Jan 87, In Situ Optical Reshading of Arrays with Failed Elements; (2) a listing for the driver routine in program Reshade; and (3) a 3 1/2 inch floppy disk containing the program Reshade which runs on any HP Series 200/300 microcomputer
Magnetic-Tuning Millimeter-Wave CMOS Oscillators (Invited Paper) (2019)

This paper demonstrates that magnetic tuning can be employed either as coarse tuning or fine tuning or both for mm-Wave fundamental oscillators to achieve ultra-wide frequency tuning range and low phase noise. Firstly, a multimode VCO with a tuning range of 41.1% from 57.5 GHz to 90.1 GHz with phase noise of -111.8 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset and FoM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of -192.2 d Bc/Hz is discussed. Secondly, a dual-band varactor-less DB-VCO with 14.3% tuning range from 95.7 GHz to 110.5 GHz and -106.9 dBc/Hz phase noise at 10-MHz offset is presented together with a quad-band varactor-less QB-VCO achieving a tuning range of 32% from 58.8 GHz to 81.2 GHz and phase noise of -115.8 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset and FoM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of 192.4 dBc/Hz. Finally, a 95-GHz DCO provides a tuning range of 27% is demonstrated. It achieves a phase noise of -110 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset and FoM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of -186.1 dBc/Hz.
Polyimides Derived from 3,3‘-Bis(N-aminophthalimide) (2006)

A novel diamine, 3,3‘-bis(N-aminophthalimide) (BAPI), was prepared from 3,3‘-bis(N-phenylphthalimide). Its structure was determined via IR, 1H NMR, 15N NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A series of homo- and copolyimides were synthesized by a conventional one-step method in p-chlorophenol. The characteristic IR absorption bands of hydrazine-based imide groups were near 1780, 1750, 1350, 1100, and 730 cm-1. The polymers showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents and phenols at room temperature. The temperatures of 5% weight loss (T5%) of the polyimides ranged from 495 to 530 °C in air. DMTA analyses indicated that the glass-transition temperatures (Tgs) of the polyimides were in the range 371−432 °C. These polymers had cutoff wavelengths between 350 and 400 nm. The polyimide films of 6FDA/BAPI and 4,4‘-HQPDA/BAPI were colorless; other films were pale yellow or yellow.