gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localized distortions within saccadic mapping contribute to the variance in saccadic landing points (2010)

Aim: Previous work1 showed that saccades placed stimuli within a zone of approximately 5–10 arc minutes in diameter within the fovea. Our aim is to determine the contribution of localized targeting distortions towards this variability. Methods: An Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope was used to collect videos from 3 normal subjects who fixated a 7 arc minute square that jittered randomly among nine positions within a 2 degree field. Eye movements were extracted and saccades identified using a velocity criterion of 15o/sec. The retinal locations of the stimulus in the frame prior to a saccade was taken as its “starting location”, while the location following the saccade was the “ending location”. Saccades were grouped based on the proximity of their starting locations, and the spread of the ending locations between these groups and randomly chosen saccades were compared. Results: Spread for all ending locations ranged from 10 to 17 arc minutes. For two subjects, a sign test showed a statistically significant proportion (α - 0.05) of saccade groups had smaller spread when compared to randomly chosen saccades. Subjects‘ saccades undershot by an average of 1.5 arc minutes, however saccadic errors correlated poorly with starting location (r2 - 0.16 to 0.18). Conclusions: Our findings show saccades place stimuli within a “preferred retinal zone” that tends to undershoot a central foveal location. However, local retinal regions have unique and separate targets within this zone, leading us to infer the presence of localized distortions within saccadic mapping. CornweetT. N. (1956), Determination of the Stimuli for Involuntary Drifts and Saccadic Eye Movements, Journal of the Optical Society of America, 46(11), 987–993.
Quantum modelling of electro‐optic modulators (2011)

Abstract Many components that are employed in quantum information and communication systems are well known photonic devices encountered in standard optical fiber communication systems, such as optical beamsplitters, waveguide couplers and junctions, electro‐optic modulators and optical fiber links. The use of these photonic devices is becoming increasingly important especially in the context of their possible integration either in a specifically designed system or in an already deployed end‐to‐end fiber link. Whereas the behavior of these devices is well known under the classical regime, in some cases their operation under quantum conditions is less well understood. This paper reviews the salient features of the quantum scattering theory describing both the operation of the electro‐optic phase and amplitude modulators in discrete and continuous‐mode formalisms. This subject is timely and of importance in light of the increasing utilization of these devices in a variety of systems, including quantum key distribution and single‐photon wavepacket measurement and conformation. In addition, the paper includes a tutorial development of the use of these models in selected but yet important applications, such as single and multitone modulation of photons, two‐photon interference with phase‐modulated light or the description of amplitude modulation as a quantum operation.
Sur la sécurité cyber et physique des humains dans les futurs réseaux (2022)

National audience
Two-dimensional electromagnetic crystals formed by reactively loaded wires (2002)

Two-dimensional electromagnetic crystals formed by rectangular lattices of thin ideally conducting cylinders periodically loaded by bulk reactive impedances are considered. An analytical theory of dispersion and reflection from this medium is presented. The consideration is based on the local field approach. The transcendental dispersion equation is obtained in the closed form and solved numerically. Different types of the loads such as inductive, capacitive, serial, and parallel LC circuits are considered. Typical dispersion curves and reflection coefficients are calculated and analyzed.
Sequoll: A framework for model checking binaries (2013)

Multi-criticality real-time systems require protected-mode operating systems with bounded interrupt latencies and guaranteed isolation between components. A tight WCET analysis of such systems requires trustworthy information about loop bounds and infeasible paths. We propose sequoll, a framework for employing model checking of binary code to determine loop counts and infeasible paths, as well as validating manual infeasible path annotations which are often error-prone. We show that sequoll automatically determines many of the loop counts in the Malardalen WCET benchmarks. We also show that sequoll computes loop bounds and validates several infeasible path annotations used to reduce the computed WCET bound of seL4, a high-assurance protected microkernel for multi-criticality systems.
Geographic patterns of phenotypic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) landraces from North Eastern Ethiopia (2016)

Understanding the pattern of genetic variability is an important component of germplasm collection and conservation as well as the crop&rsquo;s improvement process including the selection of parents for making new genetic recombination. Nine hundred seventy four sorghum landraces from North Eastern (NE) Ethiopia were evaluated for agro-morphologic characters to assess geographic patterns of phenotypic diversity and to identify whether there are specific areas of high diversity for particular traits. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H&prime;) for qualitative traits ranged from 0.30 to 0.93 (mean = 0.67) for grain covering and grain color, respectively. The landraces also displayed highly significant differences (p&lt;0.01) for all the quantitative traits with days to flowering ranging from 64 to 157 days (range = 93), days to maturity from 118 to 215 (range=97) days, plant height from 115 to 478 cm; 1000-seeds weight from 18 to 73 g, and grain number from 362 to 9623. The first five principal component axes captured 71% of the total variation with days to flowering and maturity, leaf number and length, panicle weight, grain weight and number per panicle, panicle length, length of primary branches, 1000-seeds weight and internode length accounting for most of the variability. Cluster analysis grouped the landraces into ten clusters. The clustering of zones and districts revealed close relationship between geographic locations based on proximities and agro-ecological similarities. Differentiation analysis showed that most of the landraces variability was within rather than between geographic origins of the landraces, indicating weak genetic differentiation among landraces from predefined geographic origins such as political administrative zones and districts. The weak differentiation might be due to frequent gene flow across the study area because of seed exchanges among farmers. Key words: Differentiation, diversity, landraces, traits, zones.
Combined AC electroosmosis and dielectrophoresis for controlled rotation of microparticles (2016)

Electrorotation is widely used for characterization of biological cells and materials using a rotating electric field. Generally, multiphase AC electric fields and quadrupolar electrode configuration are needed to create a rotating electric field for electrorotation. In this study, we demonstrate a simple method to rotate dielectrophoretically trapped microparticles using a stationary AC electric field. Coplanar interdigitated electrodes are used to create a linearly polarized nonuniform AC electric field. This nonuniform electric field is employed for dielectrophoretic trapping of microparticles as well as for generating electroosmotic flow in the vicinity of the electrodes resulting in rotation of microparticles in a microfluidic device. The rotation of barium titanate microparticles is observed in 2-propanol and methanol solvent at a frequency below 1 kHz. A particle rotation rate as high as 240 revolutions per minute is observed. It is demonstrated that precise manipulation (both rotation rate and equilibrium position) of the particles is possible by controlling the frequency of the applied electric field. At low frequency range, the equilibrium positions of the microparticles are observed between the electrode edge and electrode center. This method of particle manipulation is different from electrorotation as it uses induced AC electroosmosis instead of electric torque as in the case of electrorotation. Moreover, it has been shown that a microparticle can be rotated along its own axis without any translational motion.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamentals in the Design of Molecular Electronic Devices: Long‐Range Charge Carrier Transport and Electronic Coupling (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sulforaphane but not ascorbigen, indole‐3‐carbinole and ascorbic acid activates the transcription factor Nrf2 and induces phase‐2 and antioxidant enzymes in human keratinocytes in culture (2009)

Nrf2 is a basic leucine zipper transcriptional activator essential for the coordinated transcriptional induction of phase-2 and antioxidant enzymes. Brassica vegetables contain phytochemicals including glucoraphanin, the precursor of sulforaphane (SFN) and glucobrassicin, the precursor of indole-3-carbinole (I3C) and ascorbigen (ABG). The degradation products SFN, I3C and ABG may be capable of inducing cytoprotective genes in skin. In this study, we tested the potency of SFN, ABG and I3C in affecting Nrf2-dependent gene expression in human keratinocytes in culture. SFN but not ABG and its precursors I3C and ascorbic acid induced Nrf2 dependent gene expression at a relatively low concentration (5 micromol/l). Induction of Nrf2 due to SFN was accompanied by an increase in mRNA and protein levels of NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1, heme oxygenase 1 and gamma-glutamylcysteine-synthetase. Furthermore, SFN elevated cellular glutathione levels and antagonized tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced NFkappaB transactivation. Therefore, SFN treatment may present a strategy for enhancing the cellular defense mechanisms in skin.
Development of an Electrochemical Noise Surveillance System for Determining Compliance of INEEL High Level Waste Tanks to Corrosion Standards (2003)

Abstract This paper describes the initial results of a development program to use electrochemical noise for corrosion monitoring in underground storage tanks containing high-level radioactive liquid waste. Corrosion and tank integrity are major issues concerning worker and environmental safety. This waste was generated from nuclear fuel reprocessing activities at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The INEEL waste is both acidic and is stored in stainless steel tanks, which differentiate it from other Department of Energy storage sites. The INEEL is presently removing tanks from service, but the process will not be complete until 2012. The initial test results show that a simulant solution chemistry that models one of the tank environments will cause pit initiation of welded and nonwelded 304L stainless steel electrodes. This result is in agreement with observations of corrosion test coupons that were removed from the waste tanks.
Rotator Cuff Repair (1999)

The arthroscopic operation for repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tears is successful and has the advantages of glenohumeral joint inspection, treatment of intra-articular lesions, smaller incisions, no deltoid detachment, less soft tissue dissection, less pain, and more rapid rehabilitation. However, these advantages must be balanced against the technical difficulty of the method, which limits its application to surgeons skilled in both open and arthroscopic shoulder operations.
Programming (2021)

Modern implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) include many of the features seen in pacemakers and are therefore capable of adequately treating bradycardia. As the utilization of ICDs expanded and the majority of devices are now implanted for the primary prevention of sudden arrhythmic death, we are faced with the challenge of tailoring and empiric programming of devices in an increasingly heterogeneous population. Currently, the only available subcutaneous ICD is the device from Boston Scientific. This system was designed to be very simple for management and programing. The effectiveness of resynchronization is also modified by the programmed atrioventricular delay and the offset between right ventricular and left ventricular timing. Cardiac resynchroniztion therapy devices incorporate algorithms designed to overcome these events in order to promote continuous resynchronization. With a thorough understanding of device operation function, it can indeed be optimized to provide life-prolonging therapy with minimal morbidity.
EQ-5D™-derived utility values for different levels of migraine severity from a UK sample of migraineurs (2012)

Results indicate that all levels of migraine pain are associated with significantly reduced utility values. As severity worsened, utility decreased and severe migraine pain was considered a health state worse than death. Results can be used in cost-utility models examining the relative economic value of therapeutic strategies for migraine in the UK.
FYI on FYI: Introduction to the FYI Notes (1990)

This memo is the first in a new sub-series of RFCs called FYIs (For
Your Information). This memo provides information for the Internet
community. It does not specify any standard. [Also FYI 1.]
Supplementary Figure 4C from Genetic Variations in Multiple Drug Action Pathways and Survival in Advanced Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4C from Genetic Variations in Multiple Drug Action Pathways and Survival in Advanced Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy
Porous anodic alumina microreactors for production of hydrogen from ammonia (2004)

Abstract The synthesis and properties are described of a ruthenium‐impregnated anodic aluminum catalyst for use in microreactors for the production of hydrogen from an ammonia feed. The catalyst structure was synthesized using microelectric discharge machining to create a series of 300 × 300‐μm posts on an aluminum substrate. The posts were anodized to yield a 60‐μm covering of anodic alumina, with an average surface area of 16 m 2 /gm and an average pore size of 50 nm. Ruthenium metal was dispersed on the alumina using conventional wet impregnation. A 0.9 × 0.9‐cm reactor containing 250 posts decomposed 95% of anhydrous ammonia at 650°C to yield 15 sccm of hydrogen. A possible application of these microreactor fabrication methods is hydrogen generation for fuel cells in mobile power production. 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 50:829–834, 2004
Sexual side effects of antidepressants: A review (1996)

Antidepressant-induced adverse sexual effects are becoming more frequently reported by patients who require pharmacotherapy. A MED-LINE search was conducted to generate articles reporting such events. We report here on the sexual side effects associated with tricyclics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors including moclobemide, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, bupropion, and on the newer antidepressants venlafaxine and nefazadone. We conclude that adverse sexual effects are an increasingly important side effect of antidepressant medications, and patients must be routinely asked about their occurrence.
Sequence-Dependent Fluorescence of Cy3- and Cy5-Labeled Double-Stranded DNA (2016)

The fluorescent intensity of Cy3 and Cy5 dyes is strongly dependent on the nucleobase sequence of the labeled oligonucleotides. Sequence-dependent fluorescence may significantly influence the data obtained from many common experimental methods based on fluorescence detection of nucleic acids, such as sequencing, PCR, FRET, and FISH. To quantify sequence dependent fluorescence, we have measured the fluorescence intensity of Cy3 and Cy5 bound to the 5' end of all 1024 possible double-stranded DNA 5mers. The fluorescence intensity was also determined for these dyes bound to the 5' end of fixed-sequence double-stranded DNA with a variable sequence 3' overhang adjacent to the dye. The labeled DNA oligonucleotides were made using light-directed, in situ microarray synthesis. The results indicate that the fluorescence intensity of both dyes is sensitive to all five bases or base pairs, that the sequence dependence is stronger for double- (vs single-) stranded DNA, and that the dyes are sensitive to both the adjacent dsDNA sequence and the 3'-ssDNA overhang. Purine-rich sequences result in higher fluorescence. The results can be used to estimate measurement error in experiments with fluorescent-labeled DNA, as well as to optimize the fluorescent signal by considering the nucleobase environment of the labeling cyanine dye.
First prototypes of vortex retarders obtained by polarization holography (2014)

This paper will present the first prototypes of vortex retarders made of photo-orientable liquid crystals polymers recorded without mechanical action using only polarization holography. Vortex retarders are birefringent plates characterized by a uniform phase retard and a rotation of their fast axis along their center. Liquid crystals are anisotropic molecules possessing birefringent properties. They are locally orientable and their orientation defines the fast axis orientation of the retarder. Their alignment depends on the local orientation of the recording electric field. The superimposition of several polarized beams will be used to shape the electric field to achieve the recording of vortex retarders. The mathematical aspects of the superimposition process, as well as several numerical simulations are exposed. Finally, the first prototypes are presented, characterized and compared to the numerical simulations.
The Prospects of Alternatives to Vapor Compression Technology for Space Cooling and Food Refrigeration Applications (2012)

ABSTRACT This article identifies and describes five alternative cooling technologies (magnetic, thermionic, thermoacoustic, thermoelectric, and thermotunnel) and qualitatively assesses the prospects of each technology relative to vapor compression for space cooling and food refrigeration applications. Assessment of the alternatives was based on the theoretical maximum percent of Carnot efficiency, the current state of development, the best percent of Carnot efficiency currently achieved, developmental barriers, and the extent of development activity. The prospect for each alternative was assigned an overall qualitative rating based on the subjective, composite view of the five characteristics.
The application of multiple reaction monitoring and multi-analyte profiling to HDL proteins (2014)

MAP and MRM offer a sensitive and high-throughput approach to examine changes in HDL proteins in diabetes and CVD. This approach can be used to measure the presented HDL proteins in large clinical studies.
Modélisation d'un procédé de contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault de structures rivetées en aéronautique (2008)

International audience
Clinical Value of Iodine-123-Alpha-Methyl-L-Tyrosine Single-Photon Emission Tomography in the Differential Diagnosis of Recurrent Brain Tumor in Patients Pretreated for Glioma at Follow-Up (2002)

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical potential of iodine-123-alpha-methyl-l-tyrosine (IMT) and single-photon emission tomography (SPET) in the differential diagnosis of recurrences in patients pretreated for gliomas at follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight patients were examined after primary therapy over 36 months. Histopathologic diagnoses of all patients was known at first treatment; magnetic resonance and/or computed tomography examination was performed in addition to IMT-SPET. Cerebral SPET images were acquired 20 minutes after intravenous application of 190 ± 10 MBq of IMT. SPET images were classified as positive or negative for recurrent tumor visually and by calculating the ratios between tracer accumulation in the lesion and the unaffected contralateral regions of reference using region of interest. Final diagnoses were based on prospective clinicopathologic findings obtained independently of IMT-SPET. RESULTS: IMT-SPET detected all high-grade recurrent gliomas (grade 4; sensitivity, 100%). A difference could be demonstrated in grade 2 and 3 recurrences (sensitivity, 84% and 92%, respectively). Moreover, benign posttherapeutic lesions (postoperative scars, radiation necrosis) were correctly diagnosed as negative for tumor recurrence. In general, IMT uptake in grade 2 (1.45 ± 0.24) was significantly lower than that in grades 3 (1.70 ± 0.41) and 4 (1.88 ± 0.32). However, it was difficult to evaluate tumor grade only from the IMT accumulation in individual cases. CONCLUSION: IMT-SPET seems highly useful for detecting and delineating recurrent gliomas and differentiating between benign posttherapeutic lesions and malignant tumor tissue. It may be a valuable clinical tool to diagnose recurrences in patients pretreated for gliomas at follow-up. However, it showed limitations in determining histologic tumor grade.
Expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in fibroblastlike synoviocytes after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor. (1992)

Rapid expression of mRNA encoding vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in fibroblast-like cells obtained from synovial tissue. Both alternatively spliced forms of VCAM-1 mRNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction in TNF-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Western blotting analysis showed that two distinct proteins, reactive with an anti-VCAM-1 anti-sera, were expressed by 2 hours of TNF stimulation in both synoviocytes and human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The majority of HUVEC and synoviocytes displayed VCAM-1 surface expression after several hours of TNF stimulation. In contrast, dermal fibroblasts upregulated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) but not VCAM-1 expression in response to TNF. These results indicate that VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression can be differentially regulated and suggest tissue specific regulation of VCAM-1 expression. Furthermore, these findings may provide an explanation for the chronic retention and activation of long-lived lymphocytes and monocytes, which express VLA-4 (the receptor for VCAM-1), in the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis.
Vacuolar Transport of Secondary Metabolites and Xenobiotics (2017)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Common Pathways for Detoxification Secondary Energized Transporters and ABC Transporters Characteristics of Vacuolar ABC Transporters Conclusions and Outlook Note Acknowledgments