gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Temperature and Humidity on the Degradation Rate of Multicrystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module (2013)

In a PV module, the relative humidity (rh) of a front encapsulant is different from that of a backside encapsulant (rh back ). In this study, the effective humidity (rh eff ) in a PV module was investigated to study the effects of moisture variation on the degradation rate (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>). rh eff represents uniform humidity in a PV module when it is exposed to certain damp heat conditions. Five types of accelerated tests were conducted to derive the relation between rh eff and rh back . rh eff showed a linear relationship with rh back at constant temperature. Two types of models, namely, Eyring and Peck models, were used for predicting the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>of PV modules, and their results were compared. The<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>of PV modules was thermally activated at 0.49 eV. Furthermore, the temperature and rh eff history of PV modules over one year were determined at two locations: Miami (FL, USA) and Phoenix (AZ, USA). The accumulated<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>values based on the temperature and rh eff of the modules were calculated by summing the hourly degradation amounts over the time history.
The Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II Immunopeptidome of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein (2020)

Precise elucidation of the antigen sequences for T cell immunosurveillance greatly enhances our ability to understand and modulate humoral responses to viral infection or active immunization. Mass spectrometry is used to identify 526 unique sequences from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike glycoprotein extracellular domain in a complex with human leukocyte antigen class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells from a panel of healthy donors selected to represent a majority of allele usage from this highly polymorphic molecule. The identified sequences span the entire spike protein, and several sequences are isolated from a majority of the sampled donors, indicating promiscuous binding. Importantly, many peptides derived from the receptor binding domain used for cell entry are identified. This work represents a precise and comprehensive immunopeptidomic investigation with the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and allows detailed analysis of features that may aid vaccine development to end the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Numerical ray-tracing methods for gradient index media (1985)

The accuracies of several numerical ray-tracing methods for graded-index optical media are investigated. Tracing is done by numerically solving the ray equation for the classical Luneburg lens. For such an index distribution, an analytic solution exists, with which the numerical methods are compared. Five previously published, numerical ray-tracing algorithms, along with two new methods, based on the multistep predictor and predictor–corrector formulas, are studied, and their relative accuracies are compared by using three criteria. Additional comparison is made by tracing rays through different sections of the lens, giving an indication of their dependence on the position of the ray. We conclude that the point-by-point numerical methods that use physical-path, rather than optical-path, increments are more accurate. It is shown that when the focussing properties of the lens are of chief concern, Sharma's Runge–Kutta method and our new, more efficient, multistep methods have comparable accuracies. When the optical-path length of the ray is important, Montagnino's Taylor-series method and our new predictor method are best.
Cell death regulation by MAMs: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic implications in cardiovascular diseases (2022)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are interconnected intracellular organelles with vital roles in the regulation of cell signaling and function. While the ER participates in a number of biological processes including lipid biosynthesis, Ca<sup>2+</sup> storage and protein folding and processing, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles governing ATP synthesis, free radical production, innate immunity and apoptosis. Interplay between the ER and mitochondria plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism and cell fate control under stress. The mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) denote physical contact sites between ER and mitochondria that mediate bidirectional communications between the two organelles. Although Ca<sup>2+</sup> transport from ER to mitochondria is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and energy metabolism, unrestrained Ca<sup>2+</sup> transfer may result in mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload, mitochondrial damage and cell death. Here we summarize the roles of MAMs in cell physiology and its impact in pathological conditions with a focus on cardiovascular disease. The possibility of manipulating ER-mitochondria contacts as potential therapeutic approaches is also discussed.
Study of Control Protocol in Optical Burst Switching Ring Network with Dynamic Wavelength Add-Drop Multiplexer (2005)

A kind of optical burst switching (OBS) ring access control protocol—delay optical burst with a fixed period (DBFP) protocol is proposed, which uses dynamic wavelength add-drop multiplexer (WADM), i.e. uses wavelength tunable transmitters and tunable receivers (TTTR) mechanism. The wavelength resource is reserved by the control packet transmitted in advance. And every optical burst is delayed a fixed period with a fixed length fiber delay line (FDL) at every intermediate node to let all reserved bursts accomplish transmitting, in order to avoid colliding with reserved local access bursts. The result of simulation shows that DBFP protocol can statistically multiplex wavelength efficiently, can allocate wavelengths during in required period on demand, and can reuse wavelength at space domain, and that the wavelength reuse efficiency is up to 160%. Therefore, the proposed DBFP protocol enhances network performance and increases the link utilization, which adapts for bursty traffic, specially. Meanwhile, the delay introduced by DBFP protocol is small, for example, is about 1 ms for optical burst multiplex ring network with 10 nodes. So the delay is neglectable.
Incremental Learning with Accuracy Prediction of Social and Individual Properties from Mobile-Phone Data (2012)

As truly ubiquitous wearable computers, mobile phones are quickly becoming the primary source for social, behavioral, and environmental sensing and data collection. Today's smart phones are equipped with increasingly more sensors and accessible data types that enable the collection of literally dozens of signals regarding the phone, its user, and their environment. A great deal of research effort in academia and industry is put into mining this data for higher level sense-making, such as understanding user context, inferring social networks, learning individual features, and so on. In many cases this analysis work is the result of exploratory forays and trial-and-error. Adding to the challenge, the devices themselves are limited platforms, hence data collection campaign must be carefully designed in order to collect the signals in the appropriate frequency, avoiding the exhausting the the device's limited battery and processing power. Currently however, there is no structured methodology for the design of mobile data collection and analysis initiatives. In this work we investigate the properties of learning and inference of real world data collected via mobile phones over time. In particular, we analyze how the ability to predict individual parameters and social links is incrementally enhanced with the accumulation of additional data. To do so we use the \emph{Friends and Family} dataset, containing rich data signals gathered from the smart phones of 140 adult members of an MIT based young-family residential community for over a year, and is one of the most comprehensive mobile phone datasets gathered in academia to date. We develop several models for predicting social and individual properties from sensed mobile phone data over time, including detection of life-partners, ethnicity, and whether a person is a student or not. Finally, we propose a method for predicting the maximal learning accuracy possible for the learning task at hand, based on an initial set of measurements. This has various practical implications, such as better design of mobile data collection campaigns, or evaluating of planned analysis strategies.
A molecular linkage map of cultivated oat (1995)

A molecular linkage map of cultivated oat composed of 561 loci has been developed using 71 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Avena byzantina cv. Kanota and A. sativa cv. Ogle. The loci are mainly restriction fragment length polymorphisms detected by oat cDNA clones from leaf, endosperm, and root tissue, as well as by barley leaf cDNA clones. The loci form 38 linkage groups ranging in size from 0.0 to 122.1 cM (mean, 39 cM) and consist of 2-51 loci each (mean, 14). Twenty-nine loci remain unlinked. The current map size is 1482 cM and the total size, on the basis of the number of unlinked loci, is estimated to be 2932.0 cM. This indicates that this map covers at least 50% of the cultivated oat genome. Comparisons with an A-genome diploid oat map and between linkage groups exhibiting homoeology to each other indicate that several major chromosomal rearrangements exist in cultivated oat. This map provides a tool for marker-assisted selection, quantitative trait loci analyses, and studies of genome organization in oat.
Microscale Diffusion Properties of the Cartilage Pericellular Matrix Measured Using 3D Scanning Microphotolysis (2008)

Chondrocytes, the cells in articular cartilage, are enclosed within a pericellular matrix (PCM) whose composition and structure differ from those of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Since the PCM surrounds each cell, molecules that interact with the chondrocyte must pass through the pericellular environment. A quantitative understanding of the diffusional properties of the PCM may help in elucidating the regulatory role of the PCM in controlling transport to and from the chondrocyte. The diffusivities of fluorescently labeled 70 kDa and 500 kDa dextrans were quantified within the PCM of porcine articular cartilage using a newly developed mathematical model of scanning microphotolysis (SCAMP). SCAMP is a rapid line photobleaching method that accounts for out-of-plane bleaching attributable to high magnification. Data were analyzed by a best-fit comparison to simulations generated using a discretization of the diffusion-reaction equation in conjunction with the microscope-specific three-dimensional excitation and detection profiles. The diffusivity of the larger molecule (500 kDa dextran) was significantly lower than that of the smaller molecule (70 kDa dextran), and values were consistent with those reported previously using standard techniques. Furthermore, for both dextran sizes, the diffusion coefficient was significantly lower in the PCM than in the ECM; however, this difference was not detected in early-stage arthritic tissue. We have successfully modified the SCAMP technique to measure diffusion coefficients within the small volume of the PCM using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results support the hypothesis that diffusivity within the PCM of healthy articular cartilage is lower than that within the ECM, presumably due to differences in proteoglycan content.
Pietrosella – Sette Nave (épave Isoletta 1). Sondage (1987) et fouille programmée (1988) (2019)

Cette epave de tegulae et imbrices se trouve dans le sud de la Tour de l’Isolella sur des fonds de 26 a 32 m. La cargaison apparait relativement dispersee et aucune trace de la coque du navire n’a ete retrouvee. Les tegulae, de 33 a 42 cm de large pour une longueur de 59 a 62 cm et un poids moyen de 10 kg, presentent un module plus important que les temoins fournis par les autres epaves de tuiles connues. Elles n’ont aucune empreinte caracteristique. Les imbrices (44-46 cm de long ; 14 a 19 c...
Supplementary Video 2 from Epigenetic Silencing of MicroRNA-34b/c Plays an Important Role in the Pathogenesis of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AVI video file - 14709K, Example video file of automatically tracked H2052 cell line transfected with miR-34b/c. The images were saved every minute, and cell movement was recorded with time-lapse video microscopy.&lt;/p&gt;
CLODRONATE LIPOSOMES: PERSPECTIVES IN RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS (2002)

Liposomes encapsulating the bisphosphonate clodronate can be used for the transient suppression of macrophage functions. Given the important role of macrophages in various disorders, the application of clodronate liposomes has been studied in several models of rheumatoid arthritis, neurological disorders such as experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and spinal cord injury, autoantibody mediated disorders such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and for the improvement of the efficacy of gene transfer and drug targeting.
Polypeptide cytolytic toxins from sea anemones (Actiniaria) (1992)

Biochemical and biological properties of 30 cytolytic polypeptide toxins isolated from 18 species of sea anemones (Actiniaria) are presented and classified into three groups according to their molecular mass, isoelectric points and the molecular mechanism of action. Phospholipase A2-like toxins (30 kDa) from Aiptasia pallida are dissimilar to acidic metridiolysin (80 kDa) from Metridium senile and the group of about 27 predominantly basic toxins, having a molecular mass of 16-20 or 10 kDa, inhibited by sphingomyelin. They are lethal for both invertebrates and vertebrates, cardiotoxic, cytolytic and cytotoxic. Pharmacological activities, cytotoxic and cytolytic properties are mediated, at least in part, by forming pores in lipid membranes. Channels, 1-2 nm in diameter, formed in planar lipid membranes are cation selective and rectified. The mechanisms and some characteristics of ion channel formation by the toxins in the cells as well as in artificial lipid membranes are summarized and discussed in view of the structure-function studies of the toxins. Putative biological roles of toxins, based on their channel-forming activity, in the capture and killing of prey, digestion, repelling of predators and intraspecific spatial competition are suggested.
Co-fermentation of cassava waste pulp hydrolysate with molasses to ethanol for economic optimization (2016)

Cassava waste pulp (CWP)–enzymatic hydrolysate was co-fermented with molasses (CWP-EH/molasses mixture) with the aim to optimize ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5606 (SC 90). The optimal fermentation conditions for ethanol production using this mixture were 245 g/L initial total sugar supplemented with KH2PO4 (8 g/L), at 30 °C for 48 h of fermentation under an oxygen-limited condition with agitation at 100 rpm, producing an ethanol concentration of 70.60 g/L (0.31 g ethanol/g total sugar). The addition of cassava tuber fiber (solid residue of CWP after enzymatic hydrolysis) at 30 g/L dry weight to the CWP-EH/molasses mixture increased ethanol production to 74.36 g/L (0.32 g ethanol/g total sugar). Co-fermentation of CWP-EH with molasses had the advantage of not requiring any supplementation of the fermentation mixture with reduced nitrogen.
Changes of House Dust Mite-Specific IgE, IgG and IgG Subclass Antibodies during Immunotherapy in Patients with Perennial Rhinitis (1987)

House dust mite-specific IgE, IgG and IgG subclass antibody responses were evaluated during immunotherapy in perennial allergic rhinitis patients. It was found that IgG4 antibodies steadily increased during treatment, while IgG and IgG1 antibodies reached a plateau 6 months after the initiation of immunotherapy. IgE antibodies also increased during treatment. It was also found that the good clinical outcome was associated with the rate of increase of IgG4 antibodies, but not with IgG, IgG1 or IgE antibodies.
Migration of Radioactive Wastes: Radionuclide Mobilization by Complexing Agents (1978)

Ion exchange, gel filtration chromatography, and gas chromatographymass spectrometry analyses have demonstrated that ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), an extremely strong complexing agent commonly used in decontamination operations at nuclear facilities, is causing the low-level migration of cobalt-60 from intermediate-level liquid waste disposal pits and trenches in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory burial grounds. Because it forms extremely strong complexes with rare earths and actinides, EDTA or similar chelates may also be contributing to the mobilization of these radionuclides from various terrestrial radioactive waste burial sites around the country.
Biphasic Effects of Losartan Potassium on Immobility in Mice (2005)

The effects of losartan potassium, an angiotensin AT(1) receptor blocker on immobility in forced swim test have been studied. Effect of losartan potassium, nortriptyline HCl, fluoxetine HCl and reserpine per se and in combination on forced swimming-induced immobility in mice have also been studied. In mice, losartan potassium elicits biphasic responses i.e. positive responses at lower doses (0.1, 1.0 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) in the forced swim test, a test of potential antidepressant activity and vice versa at higher dose (20 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.). In chronic studies, enhancement in immobility was observed for losartan potassium (3 and 30 mg/kg, p.o., 21 days). In acute combination studies, losartan potassium (1 and 5 mg/kg) significantly reversed the reserpine-induced immobility, but vice versa at 100 mg/kg. Losartan potassium (0.1 and 5 mg/kg) potentiate antidepressant activity of nortriptyline (30 mg/kg, i.p.) in mice, but vice versa at 100 mg/kg. Likewise, Losartan potassium (100 mg/kg), significantly reversed antidepressant activity of fluoxetine HCl, but at 0.1 and 5 mg/kg, failed to modify fluoxetine HCl induced immobility. The obtained biphasic effect of losartan potassium on immobility in mice might be due to inhibitory effect on AT(1) receptor at lower dose and pronounced effect on AT(2) receptor at higher dose (large concentrations of losartan potassium can displace Angiotensin II (Ang II) from its AT(1) receptor to AT(2) receptor.
A scale adaptive underwater target tracking algorithm (2017)

A scale adaptive underwater target tracking algorithm based on multi-feature fusion is proposed in this paper. The underwater target tracking task can be divided into two modules: target translation estimation and scale estimation, by using translation correlation filter and scale correlation filter respectively. Meanwhile, a multiple channel features fusion scheme is presented, which employs color attributes and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) to improve the target feature model. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the robustness and accuracy of the underwater tracking. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations show that the proposed algorithm is strongly robust to scale variations, illumination changes, target deformation and background clutter in the underwater environment, while running at real-time. Compared to the existing tracking approaches, the proposed algorithm obtains better tracking performance.
Phospholipase C-γ Binds Directly to the Na+/H+ Exchanger 3 and Is Required for Calcium Regulation of Exchange Activity (2009)

Multiple studies suggest that phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) contributes to regulation of sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) in the small intestine, although the mechanism(s) for this regulation remain unknown. We demonstrate here that PLC-gamma binds directly to the C terminus of NHE3 and exists in similar sized multiprotein complexes as NHE3. This binding is dynamic and decreases with elevated [Ca(2+)](i). The PLC-gamma-binding site in NHE3 was identified (amino acids 586-605) and shown to be a critical regulatory domain for protein complex formation, because when it is mutated, NHE3 binding to PLC-gamma as well as NHERF2 is lost. An inhibitory peptide, which binds to the Src homology 2 domains contained in PLC-gamma without interrupting binding of PLC-gamma to NHE3, was used to probe a non-lipase-dependent role of PLC-gamma. In the presence of this peptide, carbachol-stimulated calcium inhibition of NHE3 was lost. These results mirror previous studies with the transient receptor potential channel and suggest that PLC-gamma may play a common role in regulating the cell-surface expression of ion transporters.
A new method to determine the electrical transfer function of the human thorax (2007)

Traditional analyses have assumed that cardiac electrical activity is reflected on the surface ECG without distortion as the signal passes through the body tissues. This study aims to explore the frequency dependence of thoracic attenuation of surface-recorded intracardiac electrical activity. Twenty patients (14 men, 55 +/- 15 yr of age) undergoing electrophysiological study were enrolled. Rectangular unipolar stimuli were applied from a catheter positioned in the right ventricular apical area and another in the posteroseptal area without contact with the myocardium. An orthogonal Frank-lead surface ECG and a unipolar intracardiac electrogram near the pacing site were recorded. Frequency domain characteristics of the signal-averaged pacing impulses were analyzed. Linear regression analysis showed significant frequency-dependent attenuation in the magnitude transfer functions (R(2) = 0.84-0.89, P < 0.0001) and good linear fit for the phase transfer characteristics (R(2) = 0.98-1.0, P < 0.0001). Age, physical dimension, and respiratory characteristics had significant effects on the magnitude and phase characteristics of the transfer functions. Application of models of the low- and high-slope transfer functions to signal-averaged ECGs from 33 subjects showed differences in the attenuation of P and T waves relative to the QRS.
An algorithm for the learning of weights in discrimination functions using a priori constraints (1997)

We introduce a learning algorithm for the weights in a very common class of discrimination functions usually called "weighted average." The learning algorithm can reduce the number of free variables by simple but effective a priori criteria about significant features. Here we apply our algorithm to three tasks of different dimensionality all concerned with face recognition.