gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Perceiving Blood Glucose in IDDM (1985)

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic individuals and health professionals often assume that the symptoms of extremely low or high blood glucose (BG) levels can be recognized and, consequently, appropriate treatment decisions can be based on symptom perception. Because no research has documented the validity of these assumptions, this study tested the ability to perceive BG concentration. Nineteen type I adults, experienced in self-monitoring of BG (SMBG), estimated their BG 40-54 times just before measurement of actual BG. This procedure was repeated under two conditions: (1) in the hospital (hospital condition) while connected to an insulin/glucose infusion system that artificially manipulated BG, leaving subjects only symptomatic, or internal, cues and (2) in the natural environment (home condition), where both internal and external cues, e.g., food and insulin consumption, were available. Estimates significantly correlated with actual BG for 7 of 16 subjects in the hospital condition and for 18 of 19 subjects in the home condition. Believed ability to estimate BG did not predict documented ability in either condition. An evaluation of the treatment significance of estimation errors showed that the majority of errors were relatively benign. The most common error affecting clinical outcome was estimated euglycemia when actual BG was hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic.
High-Density Rewritable Optical Disk Using Groove Recording (2001)

For an optical disk system using an objective lens of numerical aperture (NA) 0.7 and a GaN laser, the performances of the groove-recording scheme were investigated. A disk having 17 GB capacity showed the initial jitter of 11.9% with an equalizer for digital versatile disks (DVD). With an adaptive equalizer and a Viterbi decoder, sufficiently low bit error rates and wide tilt margins were obtained.
Effect of abscisic acid on exudation of sunflower roots as affected by nutrient status, glucose level and aeration (1987)

Three‐week‐old sunflower plants ( Helianthus annuus L. cv. Halcón) grown in nutrient solution at two K + levels (0.3 and 2.5 m M ) were used to study the effect of 4 μ M abscisic acid (ABA) on the transport of K + (Rb + ) and water to the exuding stream of decapitated plants. Other conditions of the bathing medium of the roots were also assayed, such as presence of 10 m M glucose, aeration and time of ABA application. In the first 2 or 3 h after ABA application, ABA always promoted water and ion fluxes, even under the most unfavorable conditions such as low K + roots without glucose or under anaerobiosis. The ABA‐promoting effect on ion and water flow was higher with glucose in the medium. Under anaerobiosis the ABA effect disappeared after 3 h. With glucose and aeration the ABA‐promoting effect appeared early and continued for several hours, although the effect decreased with time. If ABA was applied 24 h before excision, the effect was small or even negative. We suggest that ABA acts directly on membranes of certain root cells (endodermal or both endodermal and cortical cells) by increasing their permeability and thus releasing ions. This will decrease cell turgor pressure and, indirectly, the hydraulic conductivity of the whole root. Under conditions of higher hydraulic conductivity, the presence of ions and glucose in the root stimulates the transport of ions into the xylem. and thus increases the osmotic water flow.
Landslide Hazard Zonation: A Case Study in Garhwal Himalaya, India (1995)

Landslides occur frequently in areas prone to earthquakes and neotectonic activities. The identification and classification of hazard prone areas according to the degree of actual or potential danger is a necessary step in hazard assessment. This paper describes the methods of landslide hazard zonation that were tested in the Srinagar-Rudraprayag area of the Garhwal Himalaya. The factors of slope angle, lithology, distance from a major geological discontinuity, land use, drainage, relative relief, and existing landslides all contribute to slope instability. These are analyzed in relation to landslide frequency and are numerically weighted based on their relative importance. From this, the study area has been classified into five zones of instability and the results have been verified in the field. The map of this landslide hazard zonation may serve as a base for further study.
Association of JNK1 with p21waf1 and p53: Modulation of JNK1 activity (2002)

Exposure of mammalian cells to genotoxic stress results in activation of the c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK)-stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway and induction of DNA repair enzymes and cell cycle-regulatory proteins such as p53 and p21waf1. The p53 tumor suppressor protein transmits signals that activate p21waf1 gene expression. The p21waf1 protein then restricts cell-cycle progression, thereby allowing time for DNA repair to occur. In this study, we investigated the effects of modulation of the level of wild-type and mutant p53 protein on basal JNK1 activity in the A1-5 rat fibroblast cell line. This cell line contains a p53 gene coding for a temperature-sensitive p53 protein, which allows us to regulate the relative level of wild-type and mutant p53 protein produced in cells. Using the immune complex kinase assay to measure JNK1 activity, we demonstrated that cells expressing the wild-type-conformation p53 protein (when grown at 32.5 degrees C) exhibited a very low level of JNK1 activity. When cells were grown at 37 degrees C or 39 degrees C to express predominantly mutant p53 protein, basal level of JNK1 activity was significantly higher than at 32.5 degrees C. We also demonstrated protein-protein interactions between the p53, p21waf1, and JNK1 proteins in this cell line. Both wild-type p53 protein (expressed at 32.5 degrees C) and mutant p53(val135) protein (expressed at 37 degrees C and 39 degrees C) were present in immunocomplexes of JNK1 protein. Under conditions where wild-type p53 protein was present to induce p21waf1 expression (at 32.5 degrees C), a higher level of p21waf1 protein was also detected in the JNK1 immunocomplexes than in those at 37 degrees C and 39 degrees C. We next investigated the effect that co-association of p53 protein and p21waf1 protein would have on JNK1 activity. We measured basal levels of JNK1 activity in cells expressing wild-type p53 and p21waf1, or in p21waf1-null cells, and demonstrated that cells expressing both p53 and p21waf1 proteins exhibited an approximately threefold lower basal level of JNK1 activity when compared with p21waf1-null cells. To confirm that p21waf1 protein expression in cells resulted in reduced JNK1 activity, we transfected p21waf1-/- cells with a p21waf1 expression vector. We observed that JNK1 activity was inhibited after exogenous p21waf1 protein was expressed in these cells. Our results provide evidence for modulation of the JNK1 pathway by p53 and p21waf1 proteins and support the hypothesis that modulation of JNK1 activity occurred through protein-protein interactions between JNK1, p53, and p21waf1 proteins.
Real-Gas and Surface-Ablation Effects on Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Instability over a Blunt Cone (2016)

There has been little research into surface-ablation effects on hypersonic boundary-layer instability, and the current understanding of real-gas effects on hypersonic boundary-layer instability still contains uncertainties. The objective of the current work was to analyze the hypersonic boundary-layer transition process using linear-stability theory, in which surface ablation, as well as real-gas effects, is present, and the second mode is the dominant instability mode. A thermochemical nonequilibrium linear-stability-theory code with a gas-phase model that includes multiple carbon species, as well as a linearized surface graphite-pseudoablation model, is developed and validated. It is validated with previously published linear-stability analysis and direct-numerical-simulation results. A high-order method for discretizing the linear-stability equations is used, which can easily include high-order boundary conditions. The developed linear-stability code, with mean-flow solutions produced from a high-order shock-fitting direct-numerical-simulation method for hypersonic flows with thermochemical nonequilibrium and surface-chemistry boundary conditions for graphite pseudoablation, is used to study hypersonic boundary-layer instability for a 7 deg half-angle blunt cone at Mach 15.99 and the Reentry-F experiment at 100 kft. Multiple mean-flow simulations are obtained with the same geometry and freestream conditions to help separate real-gas, blowing, and carbon-species effects on hypersonic boundary-layer instability. For the case at Mach 15.99, an factor comparison shows that real-gas effects significantly destabilize the flow when compared to an ideal gas. Blowing is destabilizing for the real-gas simulation, and has a negligible effect for the ideal-gas simulation due to the different locations of instability onset. Notably, carbon species resulting from ablation are shown to slightly stabilize the flow for both cases. It is also found that ablating nose-cone effects may safely be excluded when determining the factor at transition for Reentry-F at 100 kft.
8-Aza Derivatives of 3-Deazapurine Nucleosides. Synthesis andin vitroEvaluation of Antiviral and Antitumor Activity (1993)

The syntheses of 4-amino-1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine (8-aza-3-deazaadenosine, 1), 4-amino-1-(2-deoxy-β-D- erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine (2′-deoxy-8-aza-3-deazaadenosine, 2), and their N 8 and N 7 glycosylated analogues (12,13, 21,22) and 4-amino-1-(2,3-dideoxy-β-D- erythro-pentof uranosyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazolo [4,5-c]pyridine (2′,3′-dideoxy-8-aza-3-deazaadenosine, 3) were carried out by glycosylation of the 4-chloro-3 H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine anion. The anomeric configuration as well as the position of glycosylation were determined by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR, UV and N.O.E. difference spectroscopy. Nucleoside (2) and its parent compound 2′-deoxy-3-deazaadenosine were found active against ASFV and VSV. The 4-chloro-2-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2 H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-c] pyridine (9) was active against Coxsackie B1, whereas none of the 8-aza-3-deaza purine nucleosides, compound (3) included, was active against HIV-1. The 6-chloro derivatives of 8-aza-3-deazapurine ribo- and 2′-deoxyribonucleosides (11) and (20) showed some activity against LoVo human colon adenocarcinoma.
CROP LOAD AFFECTS 'HONEYCRISP' FRUIT QUALITY MORE THAN NITROGEN, POTASSIUM, OR IRRIGATION (2012)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on the Challenge for a Sustainable Production, Protection and Consumption of Mediterranean Fruits and Nuts CROP LOAD AFFECTS 'HONEYCRISP' FRUIT QUALITY MORE THAN NITROGEN, POTASSIUM, OR IRRIGATION
Percutaneous pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead removal in an attempt to improve symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation (2012)

A greater degree of tricuspid valve annulus dilatation may be a marker and mechanism for irreversible lead-induced TR. Further studies are needed to determine whether surgical tricuspid valve repair or replacement combined with RV lead extraction would result in better outcomes than a percutaneous lead extraction approach.
Immunochromatographic Gold-Based Test Strip for Rapid Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Antibodies (2011)

The immunochromatographic assay is an alternative method for simple and rapid detection of Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in chickens using colloidal gold-antibody conjugate. The whole-virus antigen of IBDV (UPM04190 isolate) and the high-affinity polyclonal antibodies directed against IBDV were blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes for test and control lines, respectively. Evaluation of the strip was performed using serum samples from experimentally and naturally infected chickens. The results showed that the test strip was more sensitive than the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) because it could detect a dilution factor up to 120,000 (250 ELISA units) for positive samples. It was also specific, in that it detected IBDV antibodies and did not cross-react with antibodies to other chicken viruses. The method was rapid (2 min) in both clinical and field environments with samples needing only a minimum amount (50 µl) of blood to produce an acceptable detection signal. The pen-site test strip proved successful in monitoring the immune status of chickens against the IBDV infection.
Rhodium(II) Metallopeptide Catalyst Design Enables Fine Control in Selective Functionalization of Natural SH3 Domains (2015)

Chemically modified proteins are increasingly important for use in fundamental biophysical studies, chemical biology, therapeutic protein development, and biomaterials. However, chemical methods typically produce heterogeneous labeling and cannot approach the exquisite selectivity of enzymatic reactions. While bioengineered methods are sometimes an option, selective reactions of natural proteins remain an unsolved problem. Here we show that rhodium(II) metallopeptides combine molecular recognition with promiscuous catalytic activity to allow covalent decoration of natural SH3 domains, depending on choice of catalyst but independent of the specific residue present. A metallopeptide catalyst succeeds in modifying a single SH3-containing kinase at endogenous concentrations in prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lysate.
Microoptical artificial compound eyes: from design to experimental verification of two different concepts (2005)

Two novel objective types on the basis of artificial compound eyes are examined. Both imaging systems are well suited for fabrication using microoptics technology due to the small required lens sags. In the apposition optics a microlens array (MLA) and a photo detector array of different pitch in its focal plane are applied. The image reconstruction is based on moire magnification. Several generations of demonstrators of this objective type are manufactured by photo lithographic processes. This includes a system with opaque walls between adjacent channels and an objective which is directly applied onto a CMOS detector array. The cluster eye approach, which is based on a mixture of superposition compound eyes and the vision system of jumping spiders, produces a regular image. Here, three microlens arrays of different pitch form arrays of Keplerian microtelescopes with tilted optical axes, including a field lens. The microlens arrays of this demonstrator are also fabricated using microoptics technology, aperture arrays are applied. Subsequently the lens arrays are stacked to the overall microoptical system on wafer scale. Both fabricated types of artificial compound eye imaging systems are experimentally characterized with respect to resolution, sensitivity and cross talk between adjacent channels. Captured images are presented.
Epidermal Growth Factor Signaling towards Proliferation: Modeling and Logic Inference Using Forward and Backward Search (2017)

In biological systems, pathways define complex interaction networks where multiple molecular elements are involved in a series of controlled reactions producing responses to specific biomolecular signals. These biosystems are dynamic and there is a need for mathematical and computational methods able to analyze the symbolic elements and the interactions between them and produce adequate readouts of such systems. In this work, we use rewriting logic to analyze the cellular signaling of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its cell surface receptor (EGFR) in order to induce cellular proliferation. Signaling is initiated by binding the ligand protein EGF to the membrane-bound receptor EGFR so as to trigger a reactions path which have several linked elements through the cell from the membrane till the nucleus. We present two different types of search for analyzing the EGF/proliferation system with the help of Pathway Logic tool, which provides a knowledge-based development environment to carry out the modeling of the signaling. The first one is a standard (forward) search. The second one is a novel approach based on <i>narrowing</i>, which allows us to trace backwards the causes of a given final state. The analysis allows the identification of critical elements that have to be activated to provoke proliferation.
Effects of Foliar Application Pure Amino Acid and Amino Acid Containing Fertilizer on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Transplants (2017)

The greenhouse experiments were carried out to study the effects foliar application of L-cysteine, L-methionine and Aminoacid fertilizer (AA) on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) transplants. L-cysteine, L-methionine and AA was applied at three concentrations, 0, 100 and 200 mg L-1 commencing from 20 days after the sowing. Physical and chemical properties of the transplants determined according to the methods described by Tabatabaee. Results showed that L-cysteine at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg L-1 increased the leaf area by 53% and 48%, while methionine and the amino-acid-bearing fertilizer, both at 200 mg L-1, increased the leaf area by 59% and 48% respectively. These percentages are expressed in comparison to the control. L-cysteine at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg L-1 increased the fresh weight of shoots by 50% and 55%, respectively, while methionine at 100 and 200 mg L-1 increased the fresh weight of shoots by 55% and 60% respectively. The amino-acid-bearing fertilizer treatments at a concentration of 200 mg L-1 increased the shoot dry weight of Broccoli seedlings by 38%, L-cysteine at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg L-1 increased the root dry weight by 26% and 60%, methionine at 100 and 200 mg L-1 increased the root dry weight by 31% and 177%. The results showed that methionine at 200 mg L-1 increased chlorophyll by 61%. The amino-acid-bearing fertilizer at a concentration of 200 mg L-1 managed to increase the length of transplants by 30%, compared to the control. Methionine at 100 and 200 mg.L-1 increased the amount of nitrogen in transplanted Broccoli by 36% and 38%.
Bayesian Service Demand Estimation Using Gibbs Sampling (2013)

Performance modelling of web applications involves the task of estimating service demands of requests at physical resources, such as CPUs. In this paper, we propose a service demand estimation algorithm based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, Gibbs sampling. Our methodology is widely applicable as it requires only queue length samples at each resource, which are simple to measure. Additionally, since we use a Bayesian approach, our method can use prior information on the distribution of parameters, a feature not always available with existing demand estimation approaches. The main challenge of Gibbs sampling is to efficiently evaluate the conditional expression required to sample from the posterior distribution of the demands. This expression is shown to be the equilibrium solution of a multiclass closed queueing network. We define a novel approximation to efficiently obtain the normalising constant to make the cost of its evaluation acceptable for MCMC applications. Experimental evaluation based on simulation data with different model sizes demonstrates the effectiveness of Gibbs sampling for service demand estimation.
Supplementary Table 1 from Using Digital Pathology to Understand Epithelial Characteristics of Benign Breast Disease among Women Undergoing Diagnostic Image-Guided Breast Biopsy (2023)

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Self-Jamming Mitigation via Coding for Millimeter-Wave Imaging With Direct Conversion Receivers (2017)

Undesired local oscillator (LO) leakage and dc offset impairments are commonly observed when direct conversion (or homodyne) receivers (RXs) are used for coherent millimeter-wave (mmW) active imaging, and are particularly severe when imaging short-range, slow-moving targets where the target's baseband response is close to dc. This letter proposes a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) coding scheme, which modulates the illumination source to mitigate dc offset and self-jamming in the receiver I/Q demodulator. This modulation permits the separation of the desired point-scatterer returns that form the mmW image from the undesired components. In a proof of principle experiment using a K -band (17.5-26.5-GHz) short-range mmW imaging setup, the suppression of dc offset and LO leakage using a BPSK-modulated source is demonstrated. It is shown that the dc offset has been reduced by over 400× and the receiver sensitivity has improved by over 40 dB. The proposed direct conversion approach with coded illumination holds promise for reducing the cost and complexity of mmW imaging systems versus conventional superheterodyne mmW imaging systems.
Mesh Extrusion Through the Internal Cervical Os (2013)

Mesh extrusion or exposure is a known complication of procedures using synthetic mesh for vaginal vault and pelvic organ suspension. Preservation of the uterine cervix is thought to be protective against such complications, as the well-vascularized in situ cervix provides an added barrier between the mesh and the colpotomy incision, limiting potential exposure to the vaginal flora. We describe a case of a 55-year-old multipara, who presented with vaginal discharge following a supracervical hysterectomy with sacrocervicopexy and was found to have a delayed mesh extrusion though the endocervical os.
Experiments with Acetals of Pentaerythritol. II (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperiments with Acetals of Pentaerythritol. IIErnst D. Bergmann and Eliahu BograchovCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 4, 1774–1775Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01148a100https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01148a100research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts