gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
âMolecularâ Molecular Sieves: Lid-Free Decamethylcucurbit[5]uril Absorbs and Desorbs Gases Selectively This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for COE Research âDesign and Control of Advanced Molecular Assembly Systemsâ from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture, Japan (#08CE2005). The authors also thank Prof. T. Shinmyozu of the Institute for Fundamental Organic Chemistry in Kyushu University for use of a Rigaku RAPID X-ray instrument. (2002)

Miniature gas jars with lids: Salt-free decamethylcucurbit[5]uril (MeCuc5) powder, absorbs N2, O2, Ar, N2O, NO, CO, and CO2 selectively at room temperature and desorbs at 110°C, this process can be carried out repeatedly. In contrast, all noble gases from He to Xe were encapsulated inside MeCuc5 in solution and the crystal structures of the gas inclusion complexes were determined (see picture for Xe complex). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2002/z19000_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Definition of Metrics to Evaluate Cochlear Array Insertion Forces Performed with Forceps, Insertion Tool, or Motorized Tool in Temporal Bone Specimens (2014)

International audience
Training Feedforward Neural Networks with Gain Constraints (2000)

Inaccurate input-output gains (partial derivatives of outputs with respect to inputs) are common in neural network models when input variables are correlated or when data are incomplete or inaccurate. Accurate gains are essential for optimization, control, and other purposes. We develop and explore a method for training feedforward neural networks subject to inequality or equality-bound constraints on the gains of the learned mapping. Gain constraints are implemented as penalty terms added to the objective function, and training is done using gradient descent. Adaptive and robust procedures are devised for balancing the relative strengths of the various terms in the objective function, which is essential when the constraints are inconsistent with the data. The approach has the virtue that the model domain of validity can be extended via extrapolation training, which can dramatically improve generalization. The algorithm is demonstrated here on artificial and real-world problems with very good results and has been advantageously applied to dozens of models currently in commercial use.
Phosphatases in the soil environment (1980)

Enzymes play a key role in nutrient cycling in the soil environment. In this work, four phosphatases of the soil environment were investigated. A study of the effect of metal ions and metal ion concentrations on inorganic pyrophosphatase activity in three NH(,4)OAc-leached soils showed that seven of the metal ions tested promoted activity. The average efficiency of these metal ions in promoting pyrophosphatase in decreasing order was: Ca('2+) > Mg('2+) > Ba('2+) = Co('2+) > Ni('2+) > Zn('2+) > Mn('2+). Sodium ions and K('+) did not affect pyrophosphatase activity and Cu('2+) and Fe('2+) decreased this activity. Optimum pyrophosphatase activity occurred at a Mg('2+):PPi or Ca('2+):PPi ratio of 1:1. Protection of pyrophosphatase in the NH(,4)OAc-leached soils against heat inactivation by Mg('2+) and Ca('2+) was also observed;The rates of hydrolysis of seven organic and two inorganic phosphorus compounds added to soils and incubated under aerobic or waterlogged conditions showed that monomethyl phosphate, (beta)-glycerophosphate, and (alpha)-D-glucose-1-phosphate were hydrolyzed at similar rates in the three soils used. Disubstituted organic P compounds (e.g., diphenyl phosphate and bis-p-nitrophenyl phosphate) were hydrolyzed at slower rates than monosubstituted organic P compounds (e.g., phenyl phosphate and p-nitrophenyl phosphate). Of the two inorganic P compounds studied, ammonium tetrametaphosphimate did not hydrolyze in soils, and the rates of hydrolysis of phosphonitrilic hexamide were very small (6-13% hydrolyzed in 7 days) compared with those of the organic phosphates (30-100%). The rates of hydrolysis of the mono- and disubstituted organic P compounds were related to the levels of acid phosphatase and phosphodiesterase, respectively, in the three soils studied;Comparisons of pH optima and kinetic parameters (K(,m), V(,max), and E(,a)) for acid and alkaline phosphatases, phosphodiesterase, and pyrophosphatase among plant materials, manures, sewage sludges, and soils were made. A 120-day incubation experiment in which soils were treated with corn plant material, hog manure, or sewage sludge showed that these materials did not permanently increase acid phosphatase and pyrophosphatase activity of soils. Addition of sodium azide, however, decreased the activity of these enzymes significantly (P < 0.05) after 120 days of incubation;Acid phosphatase and inorganic pyrophosphatase from sterile corn roots were inhibited by clay minerals. The inhibition of these enzymes by montmorillonite and illite followed partial noncompetitive kinetics while the inhibition by kaolinite followed partial competitive kinetics. The clay minerals did not release any inhibitory compounds, but their inhibition of acid phosphatase and pyrophosphatase seem due to the adsorption of these enzymes by the clay minerals. The adsorption of acid phosphatase and pyrophosphatase by clay minerals was considered ionic in nature.
Validating the Threat of SCC With an Alternative, Economic and Reliable Method: SCCScreen™ (2006)

With ever-aging pipelines, the threat of SCC to pipeline operators has never been taken more seriously. High profile failures have prompted the USDOT to issue an advisory to operators of hazardous gas and liquid pipelines. The advisory, dated October 2003, requires pipeline operators to determine the susceptibility to SCC along their pipelines, and, to identify and manage SCC in segments where conditions indicating such susceptibility are found. CEPA recommendations provide guidelines to operators for the susceptibility assessments, validation and mitigation methods based upon the significance of the SCC found. Hydrotesting, SCCDA and In-Line Inspection (ILI) are traditional methods that can be used to validate the SCC threat. SCCScreen™ is an alternative threat validation method, which provides both a reliable and an economic option. Complying with both the USDOT SCC Advisory and CEPA recommendations, SCCScreen™ is the result of combining the latest ILI analysis techniques with historic SCC database and studies. Unique post ILI algorithms have been developed to target the signal characteristics intrinsic to SCC colonies. This reduction in data analysis effort enables a quick and economic answer to SCC threat validation. The use of proven Crack Detection ILI tools with an extensive database of crack detection history enables the quantification of its reliability. The methodologies are validated on over 20,000 Kms of crack detection data from the Ultrasonic Crack Detection (USCD) Tool. This paper describes the SCCScreen™ methodology from concept to reality. Validation of results will be demonstrated using previous inspection runs and more recent case studies.
Differential expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and TLR-4 on monocytes in human sepsis (2004)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a recently described family of immune receptors involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The central role of TLR-2 and TLR-4 in microbial responses suggests they may be implicated in the pathogenesis of human sepsis. We hypothesized that the incidence and outcome of sepsis would be influenced by the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 on monocytes. We have examined the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 mRNA and protein and their response to pro- and anti-inflammatory agents on monocytes from subjects in the intensive therapy unit (ITU) with and without Gram-negative, Gram-positive or polymicrobial sepsis. We compared these data to ITU and healthy control subjects. TLR-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated on monocytes from subjects with both Gram-positive and Gram-negative sepsis. Similarly, we detected increased levels of TLR-2 protein on the surface of monocytes from sepsis subjects relative to ITU controls. TLR-4 mRNA was increased in Gram-positive subjects; however, there was no corresponding increase in TLR-4 protein. Although TLR-4 mRNA expression in healthy control monocytes could be modulated in vitro by culture with lipopolysaccharide or interleukin-10, this was not observed in monocytes obtained from sepsis and ITU control subjects, suggesting that septic and ITU control milieus may alter the immunoregulation of TLR-4 mRNA expression on monocytes. TLR-2 mRNA was not modulated in culture by any stimulus in any group. We suggest that expression and regulatory response of monocyte TLR-2, and to a lesser extent TLR-4 may be abnormal in human sepsis.
BIONOMICS AND PATTERN OF ATTACK OF THE RED PINE SHOOT MOTH, DIORYCTRIA RESINOSELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN WISCONSIN (1983)

Abstract The bionomics of the red pine shoot moth, Dioryctria resinosella Mutuura, a newly described species of shoot borer in red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., were investigated in Wisconsin sand plains plantations. The appearance of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults are described. Head-capsule measurements indicated five larval instars. First-instar larvae overwintered in hibernacula. Shoot feeding was generally initiated by third-instar larvae in late May. Cones also were attacked. Pupation occurred in July. The flight period extended from mid-July to mid-September. The sex ratio was 0.53. Only red pine shoots and cones were attacked in a mixed pine stand. Infestation rates were highest along plantation edges, in the top half of the crown and in plantations greater than 20 years of age. Hyssopus rhyacioniae Gahan occurred most frequently among parasitoids reared from larvae and pupae.
Targeting PIM Kinases to Overcome Therapeutic Resistance in Cancer (2021)

Cancer progression and the onset of therapeutic resistance are often the results of uncontrolled activation of survival kinases. The proviral integration for the Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are oncogenic serine/threonine kinases that regulate tumorigenesis by phosphorylating a wide range of substrates that control cellular metabolism, proliferation, and survival. Because of their broad impact on cellular processes that facilitate progression and metastasis in many cancer types, it has become clear that the activation of PIM kinases is a significant driver of resistance to various types of anticancer therapies. As a result, efforts to target PIM kinases for anticancer therapy have intensified in recent years. Clinical and preclinical studies indicate that pharmacologic inhibition of PIM has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of standard and targeted therapies. This review focuses on the signaling pathways through which PIM kinases promote cancer progression and resistance to therapy, as well as highlights biological contexts and promising strategies to exploit PIM as a therapeutic target in cancer.
Piezoelectricity in (100) III-V semiconductors (2005)

We experimentally demonstrate the presence of internal piezoelectric fields in (100)-oriented III-V semiconductor heterostructures. The piezoelectric fields are produced by internal shear strain engineered in InGaAs quantum well microbridges.
Initial Clinical Experience With the Jarvik 2000 Implantable Axial-Flow Left Ventricular Assist System (2002)

The Jarvik 2000 functions as a true assist device by partially unloading the left ventricle, thereby optimizing the patient's hemodynamics. Our preliminary results indicate that this LVAS may safely provide circulatory assistance for heart transplant candidates.
Sliding mode based laser-beam auto-alignment for laser interferometry-based localisation of multirotor helicopters (2015)

This paper presents the development and implementation of laser interferometry-based sensing and measurement for precise localisation of multirotor helicopters. A sliding mode-based control architecture is developed incorporating position measurements from the laser measurement system. The control architecture facilitates the auto-alignment of a laser-beam emanating from the laser measurement system and a retroreflector mounted on the target multirotor helicopter. The dynamics model of the multirotor helicopter is developed in order to define the sliding-mode based control law to effectuate position and motion control. A computational analysis of the computational stability of the control algorithm is performed. Further, an experimental research facility is established with a 4-rotor multirotor helicopter and a laser interferometry-based sensing and measurement system. Experimental analysis offers evidence that the sliding mode-based control architecture is able to maintain incident laser-beam and retroreflector alignment, facilitating continuous, real-time precise position measurements. It is further demonstrated that the sliding mode-based control architecture outperforms a proportional-derivative-based control architecture delivering the same functionality.
Rate-optimal scheduling for cyclo-static and periodic schedules (2002)

In order to realize DSP applications on multiprocessor systems with the optimal throughput, the properties and efficient techniques need to be derived. Rate-optimal scheduling with minimum unfolding has been studied in the past for static schedules only. The scheduling models called cyclo-static and periodic schedules allow more flexibility in processor assignment. This paper derives the minimum unfolding factors required to achieve rate-optimal schedules for cyclo-static and periodic schedules. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of these schedules are also derived. From these results, it is shown that unfolding is necessary under these two models for certain data flow graphs to achieve rate-optimality. Furthermore, all the theorems are proved in a constructive way, in which an efficient shortest-path algorithm is used for scheduling.
Retinoblastoma Protein (RB1) Controls Fate Determination in Stem Cells and Progenitors of the Mouse Male Germline1 (2013)

Continual spermatogenesis is the cornerstone of male fertility and relies on the actions of an undifferentiated spermatogonial population comprised of stem cells and progenitors. A foundational spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) pool is established during postnatal development that serves as a self-renewing reservoir from which progenitor spermatogonia arise that transiently amplify in number before committing to terminal differentiation. At present, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing these actions are undefined. Using conditional mutant mouse models, we investigated whether function of the undifferentiated spermatogonial population during postnatal life is influenced by the tumor suppressor protein RB1. Spermatogenesis initiates in mice with conditional inactivation of Rb1 in prospermatogonial precursors, but the germline is progressively lost upon aging due to impaired renewal of the undifferentiated spermatogonial population. In contrast, continual spermatogenesis is sustained following Rb1 inactivation in progenitor spermatogonia, but some cells transform into a carcinoma in situ-like state. Furthermore, knockdown of Rb1 abundance within primary cultures of wild-type undifferentiated spermatogonia impairs maintenance of the SSC pool, and some cells are invasive of the basement membrane after transplant into recipient testes, indicating acquisition of tumorigenic properties. Collectively, these findings indicate that RB1 plays an essential role in establishment of a self-renewing SSC pool and commitment to the spermatogenic lineage within progenitor spermatogonia.
Experimental Treatment Options in Absence Epilepsy (2017)

Although it is obvious that some of these treatment possibilities will not be used for absence epilepsy and/or need to be further developed, all can be considered as proof of principle and provide clear directives for further developments.
Cellular IP address provisioning in a heterogeneous wireless network (2012)

SUMMARY In this article, we propose a dynamic Internet Protocol (IP) address assignment architecture for heterogeneous wireless IP devices network. The IP device could be a sensor device, a laptop, a cell phone, or any wireless device using IP communications. The proposed architecture introduces security and service reliability to the consumer while reducing the operational expenditure for the service providers. According to the proposed scheme, each node maintains an IP address pool storing the current occupancy of each IP address. Each node advertises its database whenever the ratio of negative acknowledgments from the domain name server to the total number of requests at a given node exceeds a certain threshold. We evaluate our IP assignment scheme under two traffic intensity scenarios, namely the uniform traffic intensity and the heterogeneous traffic intensity. Performance evaluation is carried out with respect to blocking probability and average IP list utilization. We define three types of blocking probability for the user requests as follows: The real blocking, the unjustified acceptance, and the unjustified rejection. We observe that the proposed scheme outperforms the uniform assignment as long as the threshold is below 1.5% for the uniform intensity scenario and 1% for the heterogeneous scenario. Furthermore, this architecture considers the security aspect of the wireless network by allowing only registered devices to communicate with other registered devices. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Basic principles of the varioplex telegraph (1941)

A new kind of channel-sequencing system allots the full capacity of a telegraph circuit to the busy channels alone. A busy channel cuts itself out of its sequential position by becoming idle but may re-enter the sequence at will by offering one letter for transmission. Entry, mixing, and exit are accomplished by electromechanical control of standard start-stop and multiplex printing telegraph apparatus. Special signal or code combinations are used to denote changes in the pattern of subchannels cut in, and to act as a check on correct distribution. For greater efficiency, ordinary message letters, by a new method, may be interspersed among successive elements of switching combinations, and the cascading of combinations is also employed. Dummy channels, high-speed receivers, and other devices may be used to prevent or utilize unusual channel speeds. Varioplex systems may be repeatered either by subchannel storage or by storage involving several subchannels handled as a unit.
Age-related changes in physical examination and gait parameters in normally developing children and adolescents (2012)

This study aimed to examine the correlations between physical examinations and gait kinematics, and age-related changes in 47 normally developing children. Physical examinations were not found to be significantly correlated with kinematics, except for Thomas and Staheli tests. Unilateral and bilateral popliteal angles decreased significantly by 2.2 and 1.6° per annum, and ankle dorsiflexion with knee extension and 90° flexion decreased significantly by 0.7 and 0.8°. Physical examinations and gait parameters might represent different dimensions of gait, and care should be taken when assessing gait problems. Age-related changes should be considered when interpreting physical examination and gait kinematics for surgery.
A Hydrogen‐Bromine Cell for Energy Storage Applications (1980)

An experimental and theoretical study has been made to determine the feasibility of a hydrogen‐bromine cell for energy storage applications. The laboratory data were collected for the cell performance and the membrane characteristics during the charge and the discharge operations. An unsteadystate heat balance was used to predict the temperature change and the overall electric‐to‐electric efficiency. The results indicate that the hydrogen‐bromine system can achieve an efficiency greater than 70% when the operating cell current density is less than 160 mA/cm2.
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Injection-Molded Sheets of Blends Consisting of Liquid Crystalline Polyester and Polycarbonate. (1992)

サーモトロピック液晶コポリエステル (LCP) とポリカーボネート (PC) とのブレンド物の射出成形品について, 高次構造, 熱的, 力学的特性などを測定した. 射出成形品中では両成分ポリマーは相分離していた. ブレンド物中のLCP成分の相対的な結晶化度は, 単体に比べて低かった. またコア層に比べてスキン層の方が相対結晶化度は高く, LCPの分子配向はスキン層だけに生じていることがわかった. LCP成分の増加とともに曲げ弾性率は増加するが, ポリマーブレンドのマトリックス相がLCPであるかPCであるかによって, 弾性率の組成依存性が異なった. 力学異方性は, 主としてスキン層におけるLCPの結晶配向によって現れることがわかった.
Výkon trestu odsouzených na doživotí a rozhodování soudů při přeřazování odsouzených na doživotí do věznice s ostrahou (2014)

Uvodni hypoteza teto diplomove prace zněla: Podminky pro výkon tohoto trestu jsou v jednotlivých věznicich, kde je trest na doživoti vykonavan znacně odlisne, a tato skutecnost se může negativně projevit při usili odsouzených o dosaženi takových výsledků ve VTOS, ktere by přiznivě ovlivnily soudni jednani o přeřazeni odsouzeneho do věznice jineho typu. Z předchozich kapitol vyplýva, že tato myslenka ma realný zaklad ve způsobu, jakým je v Ceske republice vykonavan trest odněti svobody na doživoti. Zjistěne rozdily a otazka dosažitelnosti možnosti přeřazeni do nižsiho typu věznice, jak ji upravuje § 57 odst. 4 pism. a) zak. 40/2009 je dana řadou okolnosti, ktere tyto rozdily opodstatňuji, zejmena s přihlednutim k zavažnosti trestne cinnosti těchto pachatelů, dale mistnimi podminkami pro výkon trestu odněti svobody upravenými vnitřnimi řady věznic, kde se trest vykonava a take způsobem, jakým je rozhodovano v řizeni před mistně přislusným soudem, což se rovněž odviji od mista výkonu trestu. Bylo by jistě ucelne dal se zabývat otazkou, zda vsechny zjistěne odlisnosti, jsou nezbytne z hlediska zajistěni vnitřni ci vnějsi bezpecnosti a zda k dosaženi ucelu výkonu testu, jak o něm hovoři § 1 odst. 2 ZVTOS by nebylo vhodnějsi zajistit rovný přistup k naplněni podminek důležitých pro uspěsne jednani před soudem. V tomto směru vidim dobrou přiležitost k pozitivni změně naplněnim aktualně platne pravni upravy dane ZVTOS a nařizenim GŘ VS c. 66/2013, tedy integraci co největsiho poctu těchto odsouzených mezi ostatni vězně, tak jak je tomu napřiklad v Německu. Nakonec se tim sniži i naklady na vězněni těchto osob, což je naplněnim veřejneho zajmu a poptavky veřejnosti a tim se odstrani i jeden z argumentů zastanců trestu smrti, kdy poukazuji na nakladnost realizace výkonu trestu na doživoti.
Detecting Network Attachment in IPv4 (DNAv4) (2006)

The time required to detect movement between networks and to obtain
(or to continue to use) an IPv4 configuration may be significant as a
fraction of the total handover latency in moving between points of
attachment. This document synthesizes, from experience in the
deployment of hosts supporting ARP, DHCP, and IPv4 Link-Local
addresses, a set of steps known as Detecting Network Attachment for
IPv4 (DNAv4), in order to decrease the handover latency in moving
between points of attachment. [STANDARDS-TRACK]