gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimum Space Vector Computation Technique for Direct Power Control (2009)

This study presents an efficient control technique for computing the optimum space-vector voltage in power converters. The presented optimized direct power control (ODPC) provides a closed-form formula for the converter space-vector voltage, which, based on Lagrange operators for the optimum trajectory, provides the commanded complex apparent power. The voltage required by the ODPC is obtained with a standard modulation that synthesizes the mean value required during the control cycle. The converter's performance using the ODPC algorithm improves over existing DPC-based algorithms that use constrained optimization, such as preselected space vectors or switching tables, by providing a further harmonic in content reduction, lower computational requirements, and faster time response to changes in active and reactive power commands. The use of the ODPC results in an almost instantaneous active and reactive power reference tracking, allowing for full power inversion in less than 1.0 ms under constant switching operation. Simulation results and experimental verifications are presented to validate the advantages of the proposed control algorithm. The scope of applications of this technique is those that require low harmonic impact on the ac power supply and for power quality improvement in general.
Electrochemical Frequency Modulation: New Approach and Revision of Previous Model (2021)

A careful evaluation of the earlier model (1–2) for electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) involving two sinusoidal applied potentials for the determination of corrosion parameters shows an algebraic error. Although the missing term in the original derivation appears to be insignificant, it is found that errors involved in corrosion current determination, and especially in evaluation of the Tafel slopes can be very significant, which is of consequence because of the rising popularity of this technique. The magnitude of error is found to be a function of the inherent corrosion characteristics (anodic and cathodic Tafel slopes) of the corroding material as well as the applied peak potential of the modulation. A corrected model with detailed steps showing the appropriate math is presented. In addition, using the experimental data available in the literature, the errors involved in estimating the corrosion parameters by the earlier EFM model of Bosch et al. (1–2) are evaluated. The corrected corrosion current and the Tafel slopes can be recovered from the incorrect model without the benefit of the harmonic currents, as shown in this paper. An analysis is also presented for the case of only one applied sinusoidal frequency modulation, which offers several advantages over the multiple frequency modulation.
Cover Picture: Synthesis, Structures, and Electronic Properties of Dithienosiloles Bearing Bulky Aryl Groups: Conjugation between a π‐Electron System and “Perpendicular” Aryl Groups (Asian J. Org. Chem. 6/2017) (2017)

Dithienosiloles bearing 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl (Tip) and mesityl (Mes) groups at the 2,6-positions have been synthesized. Although the bulky aryl groups have a perpendicular orientation to dithienosilole, they affect UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra. For example, these compounds show more intense fluorescence than the hydrogen-substituted dithienosilole. The electronic effects of the perpendicular aryl groups are discussed. The cover graphic shows that intense blue fluorescence is emitted from the Tip-substituted dithienosilole when it is excited with UV light. The hydrogen-substituted dithienosilole is also shown for comparison. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Akihiro Tsurusaki, Atsushi Kobayashi, and Soichiro Kyushin on page 737 in Issue 6, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700058).
The radiometric quality of AgriSAR data (1991)

Abstract The AgriSAR '86 data set for the Feltwell, U.K. test site is assessed for its ability to provide information on the spatial and temporal variation of backscatter from growing crops. The image data is shown to contain several sources of radiometric distortion which affect any attempt at image calibration. Of these, the simplest to correct is that caused by range interpolation in the amplitude data. All interpolated pixels should be discarded from the amplitude data supplied by CNES. Correction from slant range to ground range is comparatively straightforward. Effects due to variations in antenna pattern, in the range and azimuth direction, require assumptions about the angular variation of the backscatter of crops and statistical homogeneity of ground cover before they can be removed. The properties of system noise appear complicated and are not yet properly characterized, but interfere with corrections for the antenna pattern. Offsets in the two channels of the complex data also interfere adversely with antenna pattern corrections. The size of these offsets cannot be estimated reliably from the AgriSAR amplitude data and complex data should be supplied as a standard product. No sound basis for inter-image comparison has been found. Additional informationNotes on contributorsC. YANASSE Under sponsorship by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brazil.
Adhesion properties of polymeric microstructures fabricated by two-photon polymerization (Conference Presentation) (2020)

This Conference Presentation, "Adhesion properties of polymeric microstructures fabricated by two-photon polymerization," was recorded at Photonics West 2020 held in San Francisco, California, United States.
Management Decisions in Crohn’s Disease Are Changed by Knowledge of Proactive and Reactive Testing of Antitumor Necrosis Factor Drug Levels (2021)

The addition of TDM of anti-TNF agents to routine investigations alters management decisions in adult CD patients on anti-TNF therapy in both proactive and reactive settings.
Propagation of depolarization and repolarization processes in the myocardium-an anisotropic model (1991)

A three-dimensional finite-elements model of the left and right ventricles has been developed to study the process of myocardial electrical activation. The experimentally measured velocity is known to depend on membrane processes, the cellular shape, fiber orientation, and the interaction with neighboring cells. The simulated process is, therefore, governed by the geometry and by the directional conduction velocity at each point in the myocardial volume. The geometry of the ventricles is described by ellipsoidal shape, and divided to layers and sections, each filled with "cells" of preassigned properties. It allows for taking into account the local orientation of the myocardial fibers and their distributed velocities and refractory periods. The values are Gaussly distributed around the mean, and the mean and variance differ at each section. A conduction network of Purkinje "cells" is included on the endocardial surface. The anisotropic properties are demonstrated during simulation of an abnormal cardiac cycle, when propagating is initiated at an ectopic ventricular site. Ischemia is simulated by low conduction velocities in the ischemic zone and wide dispersion of values in nearby locations; automaticity is described by restimulating "cells" in the injured area; the dangerous effects of a premature beat leading to reentry are simulated by reduction of propagation velocity in "cells" that are reactivated while they repolarize. The different activation patterns are calculated throughout the myocardium and on its surface. The generated surface activation maps are not sensitive to minute changes in location of the foci of activation within the normal conduction system. The maps show sensitivity to pathological velocities, ischemic areas, and the existence of ectopic foci.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Paramagnetic 19F Chemical Shift Probes that Respond Selectively to Calcium or Citrate Levels and Signal Ester Hydrolysis (2012)

Paramagnetic magnetic resonance chemical shift probes containing a proximal CF(3) group have been characterised. Different systems have been created that report reversible changes in calcium ion concentrations in the millimolar regime, signal the presence of citrate selectively in competitive aqueous media and allow the monitoring of remote ester/amide hydrolysis in relayed, irreversible transformations. Chemical shift non-equivalence is amplified by the presence of the proximate lanthanide ion, with a mean separation between the CF(3) group and the metal ion of 6.4 Å found for a thulium complex, in an X-ray structure of the metal complex aqua adduct. The enhanced rate of longitudinal relaxation of the (19)F nucleus allows faster data acquisition.
Preparation of organo palladium particles from thermal decomposition of its organic complex in organic solvents (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of organo palladium particles from thermal decomposition of its organic complex in organic solventsKunio Esumi, Takafumi Tano, and Kenjiro MeguroCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 1, 268–270Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00085a051https://doi.org/10.1021/la00085a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views423Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transition Metal Catalysis in Living Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Novel Supramolecular Solutions (2023)

The importance of transition metal catalysis is exemplified by its wide range of applications, for example in the synthesis of chemicals, natural products, and pharmaceuticals. However, one relatively new application is for carrying out new-to-nature reactions inside living cells. The complex environment of a living cell is not welcoming to transition metal catalysts, as a diverse range of biological components have the potential to inhibit or deactivate the catalyst. Here we review the current progress in the field of transition metal catalysis, and evaluation of catalysis efficiency in living cells and under biological (relevant) conditions. Catalyst poisoning is a ubiquitous problem in this field, and we propose that future research into the development of physical and kinetic protection strategies may provide a route to improve the reactivity of catalysts in cells.
Joint Neural Representation for Multiple Light Fields (2023)

Neural implicit representations have appeared as a promising technique for representing a variety of signals, among which light fields. These representations offer several advantages over traditional grid-based representations, such as independence to the signal resolution. Some work has been done to find good initial representations for a given type of signal, usually via meta-learning approaches. However, exploiting the features shared between different scenes remains an understudied problem. We provide a step towards this end by presenting a method for sharing the representation between thousands of light fields, splitting the representation between a part that is shared between all light fields and a part which varies individually from one light field to another. We show that this joint representation possesses good interpolation properties, and allows for a more light-weight storage of a whole database of light fields, exhibiting a ten-fold reduction in the size of the representation when compared to using a separate representation for each light field.
Autophagy-mediated regulation of macrophages and its applications for cancer (2013)

Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostatic pathway that plays an important role in tumor development and progression by acting on cancer cells in a cell-autonomous mechanism. However, the solid tumor is not an island, but rather an ensemble performance that includes nonmalignant stromal cells, such as macrophages. A growing body of evidence indicates that autophagy is a key component of the innate immune response. In this review, we discuss the role of autophagy in the control of macrophage production at different stages (including hematopoietic stem cell maintenance, monocyte/macrophage migration, and monocyte differentiation into macrophages) and polarization and discuss how modulating autophagy in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may represent a promising strategy for limiting cancer growth and progression.
Plugging business into the global agenda:: The platform for environmental investment (2015)

Restore the Earth Foundation, Inc. (REF) is a social investment partner for corporations that value the Earth’s natural resources. Founded in 2010, we are a global nongovernmental organization that deploys landscape-scale ecosystem restoration projects and measures and reports the impact. Our exclusive Shared Value Platform accounts, in monetary terms, for the social return on investment (SROI) – the combination of direct and indirect financial benefits – produced from our restoration projects. We provide corporations that are seeking to reduce their carbon footprint with the business case to engage in environmental sustainability projects that produce reductions in atmospheric carbon, along with water-borne nitrogen and phosphorous. The Shared Value Platform, designed to map with international standards of ecosystem restoration and integrated accounting, is an offer, a resource, a game changer, for corporations on the cusp of reinventing sustainability programs. For every $1 invested by our corporate partners, the Platform accounts for more than $9 in environmental, social, and economic returns. While a large portion of this return can be directly assigned to the funders in the form of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous mitigation credits; a significant portion of the return can be recognized as intangible assets on the funder’s balance sheet. We work closely with forward-thinking leaders of corporations, aligning the accomplishment of sustainability goals with growing operational revenue. Our purpose is to enable corporations to take action to restore our Earth. Thus, we provide the global business case for cleaner air, cleaner water, and community resiliency.
Amplification of radar and lidar signatures using quantum sensors (2013)

One of the major scientific thrusts from recent years has been to try to harness quantum phenomena to dramat­ ically increase the performance of a wide variety of classical devices. These advances in quantum information science have had a considerable impact on the development of photonic-based quantum sensors. Even though quantum radar and quantum lidar remain theoretical proposals, preliminary results suggest that these sensors have the potential of becoming disruptive technologies able to revolutionize reconnaissance systems. In this paper we will discuss how quantum entanglement can be exploited to increase the radar and lidar signature of rectangular targets. In particular, we will show how the effective visibility of the target is increased if observed with an entangled multi-photon quantum sensor.
Disulfide crosslinking of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins with 2-iminothiolane (methyl 4-mercaptobutyrimidate): evidence that the crosslinked protein pairs are formed in the intact ribosomal subunit (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisulfide crosslinking of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins with 2-iminothiolane (methyl 4-mercaptobutyrimidate): evidence that the crosslinked protein pairs are formed in the intact ribosomal subunitJohn M. Lambert, Rodney Jue, and Robert R. TrautCite this: Biochemistry 1978, 17, 25, 5406–5416Publication Date (Print):December 12, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 12 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00618a014https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00618a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Colour, contours, shading and shape: flow interactions reveal anchor neighbourhoods (2018)

Two dilemmas arise in inferring shape information from shading. First, depending on the rendering physics, images can change significantly with (even) small changes in lighting or viewpoint, while the percept frequently does not. Second, brightness variations can be induced by material effects-such as pigmentation-as well as by shading effects. Improperly interpreted, material effects would confound shading effects. We show how these dilemmas are coupled by reviewing recent developments in shape inference together with a role for colour in separating material from shading effects. Aspects of both are represented in a common geometric (flow) framework, and novel displays of hue/shape interaction demonstrate a global effect with interactions limited to localized regions. Not all parts of an image are perceptually equal; shape percepts appear to be constructed from image anchor regions.
A Simulation Framework for Virtualized Resources in Cloud Data Center Networks (2019)

Many IT companies are embracing the new softwarization paradigm through the adoption of new architecture models, such as software-defined network and network function virtualization, primarily to limit the costs of maintaining and deploying their network infrastructures, by giving the possibility to service/application providers to reconfigure and programmatically perform actions on the network. Accordingly, the dynamic management of the data center networks requires complex operations to ensure high availability and continuous reliability in order to guarantee full functionality of the virtualized resources. In this context, simulator-based approaches are helpful for planning and evaluating the deployment of the cloud data center networking, but existing cloud simulators have several limitations: they have too high overhead for wide-scale data center networks, complex configuration, and too abstract deployment models. For these motivations, we propose DCNs-2, a novel extension for the Ns-2 simulator, as a valid solution to efficiently simulate a cloud network infrastructure, with all the involved entities, such as switches, physical/virtual machines, and racks. The proposed solution not only makes configuration easier, but through extensive tests, we show that its execution overhead is limited to less than 130 MB of memory and the execution time is acceptable even for very wide-scale and complex deployment environments.
Histopathology for Mohs Micrographic Surgery with Photoacoustic Remote\n Sensing Microscopy (2020)

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a precise oncological technique where\nlayers of tissue are resected and examined with intraoperative histopathology\nto minimize the removal of normal tissue while completely excising the cancer.\nTo achieve intraoperative pathology, the tissue is frozen, sectioned and\nstained over a 20- to 60-minute period, then analyzed by the MMS surgeon.\nSurgery is continued one layer at a time until no cancerous cells remain,\nmeaning MMS can take several hours to complete. Ideally, it would be desirable\nto circumvent or augment frozen sectioning methods and directly visualize\nsubcellular morphology on the unprocessed excised tissues. Employing\nphotoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) microscopy, we present a non-contact\nlabel-free reflection-mode method of performing such visualizations in frozen\nsections of human skin. PARS leverages endogenous optical absorption contrast\nwithin cell nuclei to provide visualizations reminiscent of histochemical\nstaining techniques. Presented here, is the first true one to one comparison\nbetween PARS microscopy and standard histopathological imaging in human\ntissues. We demonstrate the ability of PARS microscopy to provide large\ngrossing scans (&gt;1 cm2, sufficient to visualize entire MMS sections) and\nregional scans with subcellular lateral resolution (~300 nm).\n
Effective Electron Mobility Reduced by Remote Charge Scattering in High-κ Gate Stacks (2002)

The mobility reduction in high-κ gate stacks is discussed in terms of remote charge scattering. The mobility is recovered by growing an additional layer of SiO2 at the interface between the high-κ dielectric and the silicon substrate. A good explanation for this finding is that the Coulomb potential which is induced by the fixed charge at the dielectric/SiO2 interface is responsible for the scattering of electrons.
The Pullout Strength of Titanium Alloy MRI-Compatible and Stainless Steel MRI-Incompatible Gardner-Wells Tongs (1993)

The stainless steel Gardner-Wells tongs and pins previously employed to reduce cervical spine fractures are increasingly being replaced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible graphite tongs and titanium pins. Concern regarding the relative pullout strengths of these two systems, however, prompted the performance of a cadaver study in which tongs and pins were placed in 10 cadaver skulls and tested to failure. The MRI-compatible tongs failed due to plastic deformation of the titanium pin tips resulting in tong slippage and loss of fixation, whereas the stainless steel tongs and pins failed when the skull fractured. These results indicated that MRI-compatible systems must be used with extreme caution, particularly when traction exceeds 50 pounds.
A 250 mV bit-line swing scheme for a 1 V 4 Gb DRAM (2002)

We have proposed a new 1/4 Vcc bit-line swing architecture and related sense amplifier for 1 V 4 Gb DRAM and beyond. These schemes reduce power dissipation to 40% without degradation of the read-out signal and also improve device reliability.
Auger recombination in long-wavelength infrared InNxSb1−x alloys (2001)

Dilute nitrogen alloys of InSb exhibit strong band gap bowing with increasing nitrogen composition, shifting the absorption edge to longer wavelengths. The conduction band dispersion also has an enhanced nonparabolicity, which suppresses Auger recombination. We have measured Auger lifetimes in alloys with 11 and 15 μm absorption edges using a time-resolved pump-probe technique. We find the lifetimes to be longer at room temperature than equivalent band gap Hg1−yCdyTe alloys at the same quasi-Fermi level separation. The results are explained using a modified k⋅p Hamiltonian which explicitly includes interactions between the conduction band and a higher lying nitrogen-related resonant band.