gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Hermean bow shock and ion foreshock as seen by three-dimensional global hybrid simulations (2015)

The thinness of the Hermean magnetosheath evidenced by Mariner 10 and MESSENGER observations results from the small average standoff distance of the Bow Shock equal to 1.45RM and has important consequences especially in the region of the parallel shock. The magnetopause is clearly identified in front of the perpendicular shock meanwhile it is hardly recognized in front of the parallel shock due to a strong interaction between the shock and the magnetospheric boundary mediated by the magnetosheath flow. This interaction is investigated by means of three-dimensional global hybrid simulations for different IMF orientations and by varying the spatial resolution of the simulations between 120 and 40km. Accordingly to MESSENGER observations (Anderson et al, 2012) the planetary magnetic field implemented in the simulations combines a dipole and a quadrupole axisymmetric sources (Richer et al, 2012).
References

Anderson, B. J., C. L. Johnson, H. Korth, R. M. Winslow, J. E. Borovsky, M. E. Purucker, J. A. Slavin, S. C. Solomon, M.T. Zuber, and R. L. McNutt Jr. (2012), Low-degree structure in Mercury’s planetary magnetic field, J. Geophys. Res.,117, E00L12, doi:10.1029/2012JE004159.

Richer, E., R. Modolo, G. M. Chanteur, S. Hess, and F. Leblanc (2012), A global hybrid model for Mercury’s interaction with the solar wind: Case study of the dipole representation, J. Geophys. Res., 117, A10228, doi:10.1029/2012JA017898.
Evaluation of P2P File Distribution Using IP Mobility (2010)

Recently, P2P file distribution systems including the BitTorrent are used for distributing open source software, e.g., BSD OS. IP address of downloaders relate to session disconnection in each downloader during the file transmission. Session disconnection with changing IP address will impact efficiency of the file distribution using TCP as a transport layer protocol. To avoid the issue, we consider two candidates. One is to use IP mobility, e.g., MIP6, as a network layer protocol for all downloaders. The other is to modify a transport or application layer protocol to tolerate disconnection with changing address. In this paper, we propose P2P file distribution systems using IP mobility to gain transmission bandwidth. We show experimental results of file distribution based on BitTorrent software with IP mobility running on downloaders are periodically changing IP address.
Coordination Versatility of sp3-Hybridized Pincer Ligands toward Ligand–Metal Cooperative Catalysis (2012)

Pincer-type complexes occupy a very important position in chemistry and chemistry-related disciplines. In this article we have selected several spectacular examples of pincer systems and demonstrate that reversible structural changes in the ligand backbone may have a dramatic impact on the reactivity of their metal complexes. This perspective aims to focus on some recent exciting developments in the chemistry of “cooperating” PN(sp3)P and PC(sp3)P pincer ligands relevant to catalytic applications.
Inspector gadget (2011)

We demonstrate a novel dataflow introspection framework called Inspector Gadget, which makes it easy to create custom monitoring and debugging add-ons to an existing dataflow engine such as Pig. The framework is motivated by a series of informal user interviews, which revealed that dataflow monitoring and debugging needs are both pressing and diverse. Of the 14 monitoring/debugging behaviors requested by users, we were able to implement 12 in Inspector Gadget, in just a few hundred lines of (Java) code each.
Structural features and their functions in surfactant-armoured methylammonium lead iodide perovskites for highly efficient and stable solar cells (2018)

Octylammonium cations induce armoured MAPbI<sub>3</sub> crystals with preferential orientation for highly efficient and stable solar cells.
Machine Learning Assisted Synthesis of Metal-Organic Nanocapsules (2019)

Herein, we report the successful discovery of a new hierarchical structure of metal-organic nanocapsules (MONCs) by integrating chemical intuition and machine learning algorithms. By training datasets from a set of both succeeded and failed experiments, we studied the crystallization propensity of metal-organic nanocapsules (MONCs). Among four machine learning models, XGB model affords the highest prediction accuracy of 91%. The derived chemical feature scores and chemical hypothesis from the XGB model assist to identify proper synthesis parameters showing superior performance to a well-trained chemist. This paper will shed light on the discovery of new crystalline inorganic-organic hybrid materials guided by machine learning algorithms.
Molecular biology of serotonin (5‐HT) receptors (1994)

The hypothesis that multiple serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptors exist was first developed in the 1950s. However, unequivocal proof of 5-HT receptor multiplicity required the availability of molecular biological technologies. Indeed, the multiplicity of 5-HT receptor subtypes, both within and between species, has far exceeded most of the predictions that might have been made on the basis of pharmacological data. Over the past few years, and especially in 1992 and 1993, numerous "new" 5-HT receptors were reported. In this review, the extensive data generated in the past few years are summarized in an evolutionary context.
전도식 원자현미경을 이용한 ZnO 나노로드 기반 압전 나노발전기의 사이즈 의존성 평가 (2020)

ZnO nanorods are one of the most studied materials because it can be facilely grown on a wide range of substrates at low temperature. ZnO exhibits piezoelectricity as well as semiconducting properties, and hence is applicable to piezoelectric nanogenerators and sensors. In the present work, the effect of ZnO nanorods’ size on piezoelectric performance was systematically studied using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). We measured the total C-AFM signal for an observing area and evaluated the piezoelectric performance of the ZnO nanorods based on this total C-AFM signal. First, five samples of ZnO nanorod with distinct aspect ratios were hydrothermally grown on silicon substrates. Afterwards, two types of AFM tips with different spring constants were used to conduct C-AFM as a function of aspect ratio. When the AFM tip with a 42 N/m spring constant was used for the C-AFM measurement, the total C-AFM signal continuously increased with increasing aspect ratio. The total C-AFM signal increased with increasing normal force, but fluctuated with increasing scan rate. The results of the C-AFM experimental measurements were compared with the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of ZnO-nanorod based piezoelectric nanogenerator. We show that using C-AFM is a facile and effective method for investigating the optimized aspect ratio of ZnO nanorods for piezoelectric power generation. (Received November 20, 2019; Accepted December 11, 2019)
Effets différentiels de la lidocaine sur les cellules ventriculaires de rat en culture (1978)

Les effets de la lidocaïne ont été étudiés à partir d'un modèle expérimental qui consiste en des cellules ventriculaires de rats nouveau-nés en culture. L'utilisation des cellules cardiaques s'est faite à 10 et à 48 heures après l'explantation. Il a été établi que les caractéristiques de ces deux groupes de cellules sont différentes. En effet, l'électrogénèse des cellules après 48 heures d'explantation correspond à la réponse lente (une électrogénèse insensible à la TTX, sensible au Mn, une activité de pacemaker ectopique et un potentiel de membrane bas). Par contre, l'étude des cellules après 10 heures d'explantation montre une électrogénèse sensible à la TTX, mais déprimée par rapport à celle des tissus intacts (depresses fast response). De plus, ces cellules manifestent une activité de pacemaker dont les mécanismes sont différents des cellules de 48 heures après l'explantation. La lidocaïne, à une concentration thérapeutique (21 mM), n'a pas d'influence sur les cellules après 48 heures d'explantation. Ceci met en évidence que l'effet de l'antiarythmique en question, à une concentration thérapeutique, est nul sur la réponse lente. Cependant, à une concentration élevée (&gt; 400 mM) la lidocaïne provoque une augmentation de la fréquence de battements, causée surtout par une dépolarisation du potentiel diastolique maximum, la pente de la dépolarisation diastolique demeurant toutefois inchangée. Chez les cellules de 10 heures après l'explantation, la lidocaïne, à une concentration thérapeutique, réduit la fréquence de battements surtout par une diminution de la pente de dépolarisation diastolique. On remarque également une dépolarisation du potentiel diastolique maximum, mais son influence sur la fréquence de battements est surcompensée par la diminution de la pente de dépolarisation diastolique. Une étude comparative des propriétés électriques des cellules à 10 heures et après 48 heures d'explantation révèle que le premier groupe présente des propriétés de la réponse rapide déprimée (depressed fast response) et que le second groupe montre des propriétés de la réponse lente. Ces deux groupes de propriétés électriques correspondent à des particularités des cellules cardiaques endommagées à des degrés différents lors d'un événement ischémique. La réponse différentielle de ces deux groupes de cellules cardiaques à la lidocaïne suggère qu'à une dose thérapeutique, l'antiarythmique n'a aucun effet sur les arythmies causées par la réponse lente, tandis qu'il conserve ses propriétés antiarythmiques sur celles qui sont causées par la réponse rapide déprimée.
Synthesis of Nio-nanoparticles on nanoporous clay matrix and catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction (2011)

Ni°-nanoparticles of 0–8 nm were prepared in situ by impregnation of Ni(CH3COO)2 into the nanopores of
modiﬁedmontmorillonite(Mt)followedbypolyolreduction.TheMtwasactivatedwithHClundercontrolled
condition for generating desired pore sizes. The porous materials were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM,
UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR and XPS analysis. N2 adsorption data revealed speciﬁc surface areas (BET) in
the range of 296–548 m2/g, speciﬁc pore volumes of 0.4–0.6 cm3/g and pore diameters of 0–6.8 nm.
XRD pattern of Ni°-nanoparticles revealed the formation of face centered cubic (fcc) lattice. These supported
Nio-nanoparticles show efﬁcient catalytic activity in transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone to 1phenylethanol
with about 98% conversion, having nearly 100% selectivit
P3‐116: TMEM106B PROTECTIVE VARIANT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED NEURONAL PROPORTION (2019)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuronal loss and astrocytosis in the cerebral cortex. We have developed a deconvolution pipeline to infer major CNS cell type composition from bulk RNAseq data. We have observed decreased neuronal and increased astrocyte in AD cases that carry specific genetic risk variants. Brain carriers of pathogenic mutations in APP, PSEN1 or PSEN2 presented lower neurons and higher astrocytes relative proportions compared to sporadic AD. These findings suggested that genetic risk factors associated with AD etiology have a specific effect in the cellular composition of AD brains. Using cell type composition inferred from transcriptome as a disease status proxy, we performed cell type association analysis to identify novel loci related to cellular population changes in disease cohort. We imputed and merged genotyping data from seven studies (five centered on AD and other neurodegeneration; one for schizophrenia and one for multiple tissue controls from GTEx), and derived major CNS cell type proportions from cortical RNAseq data. Neuronal proportion were normalized by subtracting the mean from each tissue deconvolution results after removing outliers. We also inferred RNA transcript integrity number (TIN) and included the median TIN as a covariate to account for RNA quality variances. The model we performed in the analysis was: neuronal proportion ∼ SNP + Age + Gender + PC1 + PC2 + median TIN. We also applied meta-tissue software to perform multi-tissue QTL analysis when combining multiple tissue data collected from the same subject. We identified a variant rs1990621 located in the TMEM106B gene significantly associated with neuronal proportion in cortical RNAseq dataset. This variant is in high LD with rs1990622 which was previously identified as a protective variant in FTD cohorts. The effect of rs1990621 we observed is in the same direction as expected assuming a protective role and might be independent of disease status. Previous study found AD risk is significantly influenced by the interaction of APOE with another variant rs1595014 in TMEM106B which indicates potential involvement of TMEM106B in AD risk. We have identified a variant in TMEM106B associated with neuronal proportion with potential protective effect in neurodegeneration disorders.
A case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome associated with anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus (2021)

The pathomechanisms and treatment strategy for rare presentations of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) with anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) remain to be determined. We report a 67-year-old woman with APS who presented with ischemic stroke due to RCVS. She was treated with low-dose cilostazol and lomerizine hydrochloride, which resulted in functional improvement and recovery of vasoconstriction within 12 weeks. Her plasma endothelin-1 level was decreased after relief of vasoconstriction, compared with the pre-treatment condition. Increased plasma endothelin-1 may be related to the underlying pathomechanism of RCVS with APS, against which cilostazol and lomerizine hydrochloride could be effective.
Membrane Cofactor Protein and Factor I: Mutations and Transplantation (2006)

Mutations in the genes for three complement regulators-complement factor H (CFH), membrane cofactor protein (MCP), and factor I (IF)-have now been described in patients with atypical HUS. The functional effects of these mutations have been studied in detail and have been shown to affect secretion, expression, and regulatory function. Genotype-phenotype correlations have shown that the majority of patients with CFH, MCP, and FI mutations develop end-stage renal failure. The outcome of transplantation is poor in patients known to have either a CFH or FI mutation, with approximately 80% of patients losing the graft to recurrent disease within 2 years. In contrast, patients known to have only an MCP mutation have a satisfactory transplantation outcome. This is expected because MCP is a transmembrane regulator and allografts will therefore be protected by wild-type MCP. Combined liver/kidney transplantation for patients known to have a CFH mutation has not been successful to date. There is optimism that in the future, targeted complement inhibitors will be of major therapeutic benefit in this condition.
Analysis of P fimbriae on Escherichia coli O2, O4, and O6 strains by immunoprecipitation (1986)

P fimbriae on Escherichia coli O2, O4, and O6 strains were analyzed by immunoprecipitation. Fimbrial extracts were prepared from a total of 35 strains and tested for precipitation with four anti-P-fimbria sera. The overall fimbrial composition of the strains was related to the O:K:H serotype, and two to three P fimbrial variants per strain were found on most of the O4 and some of the O6 strains. The O2 strains, in contrast, showed only one antigenic variant of P fimbriae per strain, which was serologically unrelated to those of the O4 and O6 strains. The results stress the multiplicity and serological complexity of E. coli P fimbriae.
Role of Hydrogen-Bond Network in the Formation of a Conglomerate. (1996)

X-ray crystallographic studies were carried out for conglomerate salts, racemic-compound salts, and enantiomerically pure salts of chiral primary amines with achiral mono-carboxylic acids. The crystal structures of the conglomerate salts revealed that these crystals can be regarded as being a supramolecular assembly of a characteristic columnar hydrogen-bond network, in which the ammonium cations and the carboxylate anions are aligned around a twofold screw axis (21-column) . On the other hand, the crystal structures of the racemic-compound salts could be roughly classified into two types. One type is a crystal consisting of 21columns; the other type is a crystal consisting of a different type of columnar hydrogen-bond network, in which the ammonium cations and the carboxylate anions are related by inversion centers (i-column) .These results suggest that both the formation and the assembly of 21columns are essential in the formation of conglomerates for these salts.
Synthesis of structured triacylglycerols containing medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids by interesterification with a stereoespecific lipase from Mucor miehei. (1999)

The preparation of structured triacylglycerols sn-1, sn-3 dilauryl, sn-2 eicosapentaenoyl glycerol and sn-1, sn-3 dilauryl, sn-2 docosahexaenoyl glycerol by enzymatic interesterification under restricted water availability is described. Laurie acid, one of the substrates for interesterification, was obtained by the controlled hydrolysis of coconut oil by a non-specific lipase obtained from Candida cylindracea. The fatty acid was separated from the hydrolysis products by silverresin column chromatography and converted to methyl ester, sn-2 Eicosapentaenoyl glycerol and sn-2 docosahexaenoyl glycerol were prepared by the hydrolysis of fish oil by the sn-1, sn-3 stereospecific immobilized lipase Lipozyme IM-20 obtained from Mucor miehei as described in the accompanying paper. The interesterification was carried out in a water jacketed glass reactor and the triacylglycerol products were separated and recovered through aluminum oxide column chromatography The interesterification procedure described allows to obtain In laboratory scale structured triacylglycerols containing medium-chain fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid from marine origin at the sn-2 glycerol position.
Color image processing using an image state architecture (2002)

Most digital images can be broadly classified into scene- referred and output-referred image states. This image state concept is the basis for an image processing architecture in which captured images are converted to a standard scene- referred color encoding where appropriate scene-state algorithms are applied. A rendering transform can then be used to convert images to a standard output-referred image state for further processing before the final printing/display of the image. This architecture is facilitated by the definition of standard image color encodings known as RIMM/ROMM RGB.
The cost of living in purgatory's shadow. (2004)

A 40-year-old alcoholic man developed Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. His examination showed ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and memory difficulties. His cranial magnetic resonance imaging scan showed increased signal in the paraventricular regions of the thalamus on T-2 weighted, diffusion and axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences consistent with the syndrome. The ophthalmoplegia resolved with thiamine administration; however, his memory did not improve.
Dw2, a New Dwarfing Locus in Apple Rootstocks and Its Relationship to Induction of Early Bearing in Apple Scions (2014)

The ability of certain apple rootstocks to dwarf their scions has been known for centuries and their use revolutionized apple ( Malus × domestica ) production systems. In this investigation, several apple rootstock breeding populations, planted in multiple replicated field and pot experiments, were used to ascertain the degree of dwarfing when grafted with multiple scions. A previous genetic map of a breeding population derived from parents ‘Ottawa 3’ (O.3) and ‘Robusta 5’ (R5) was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of traits related to scion vigor suppression, induction of early bearing, and other tree size measurements on own-rooted and grafted trees. The analysis confirmed a previously reported QTL that imparts vigor control [ Dw1, log of odds (LOD) = 7.2] on linkage group (LG) 5 and a new QTL named Dw2 (LOD = 6.4) on LG11 that has a similar effect on vigor. The data from this population were used to study the interaction of these two loci. To validate these findings, a new genetic map comprised of 1841 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was constructed from a cross of the dwarfing, precocious rootstocks ‘Geneva 935’ (G.935) and ‘Budagovsky 9’ (B.9), resulting in the confirmation and modeling of the effect of Dw1 and Dw2 on vigor control of apple scions. Flower density and fruit yield data allowed the identification of genetic factors Eb1 (LOD = 7.1) and Eb2 (LOD = 7.6) that cause early bearing of scions, roughly colocated with the dwarfing factors. The major QTL for mean number of fruit produced per tree colocated with Dw2 (LOD = 7.0) and a minor QTL was located on LG16 (LOD = 3.5). These findings will aid the development of a marker-assisted breeding strategy, and the discovery of additional sources for dwarfing and predictive modeling of new apple rootstocks in the Geneva ® apple rootstock breeding program.
Stereoselective alkylation of tartrate derivatives. A concise route to (+)-O-methylpiscidic acid and natural analogues (2006)

The lithium enolate of (2S,3S,5S,6S)-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-5,6-dithiocarboxylate undergoes stereoselective mono- and/or dialkylations to afford two new stereogenic centers. The alkylation products obtained possessed a cis stereochemistry, which was confirmed by the synthesis of natural 4'-O-methylpiscidic acid dimethyl ester .