gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the characteristics of electron transport through molecular clusters (2009)

The relation between molecular energy spectra and transport characteristics properties of monomolecular singleelectron tunneling transistor based on this molecule were investigated. In order to approach it we first calculated single-electron molecular energy spectra of small molecules of carborane C<sub>2</sub>B<sub>10</sub>H<sub>12</sub>, fullerene C<sub>60</sub> and platinum molecular cluster Pt<sub>5</sub>(CO)<sub>6</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> for their different ground and excited charge energy states. Effective capacitance parameters and transport spectrum of single-electron states of each of the molecules were established and the concept of molecular transport spectra was introduced. Using Monte Carlo simulation method we calculated transport characteristics of monomolecular single-electron transistor and gave a brief comparison with available experimental data.
A multichannel, multicore mm-Wave clustered VCO with phase noise, tuning range, and lifetime reliability enhancements (2013)

Clustering and multi-core transformer coupling techniques are presented to improve phase noise, tuning range, and reliability of a mm-wave VCO. A proofof-concept design targeting the WiGig protocol is shown. Each cluster of VCOs covers one channel resulting in better phase noise performance. Multicores of VCOs with uncorrelated noise are combined using transformers to further enhance phase noise and combat the voltage swing reliability issues. Furthermore, due to realization of multiple inductive elements in parallel instead of one small inductor, this approach bypasses Q-degradation of small inductors (<;50pH). The VCO achieves a phase noise of -101.8dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset with over 12.6% tuning range (50.7GHz to 57.5GHz) and an FOM of -183dB/Hz.
Wait-free synchronization (1991)

A wait-free implementation of a concurrent data object is one that guarantees that any process can complete any operation in a finite number of steps, regardless of the execution speeds of the other processes. The problem of constructing a wait-free implementation of one data object from another lies at the heart of much recent work in concurrent algorithms, concurrent data structures, and multiprocessor architectures. First, we introduce a simple and general technique, based on reduction to a concensus protocol, for proving statements of the form, “there is no wait-free implementation of X by Y.” We derive a hierarchy of objects such that no object at one level has a wait-free implementation in terms of objects at lower levels. In particular, we show that atomic read/write registers, which have been the focus of much recent attention, are at the bottom of the hierarchy: thay cannot be used to construct wait-free implementations of many simple and familiar data types. Moreover, classical synchronization primitives such as test&amp;set and fetch&amp;add , while more powerful than read and write , are also computationally weak, as are the standard message-passing primitives. Second, nevertheless, we show that there do exist simple universal objects from which one can construct a wait-free implementation of any sequential object.
Novel Chiral Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands of the [2.2]Paracyclophane Series: Synthesis and Application. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Improvement of Deduplication Efficiency by Two Layers Deduplication System (2014)

This paper proposes a two layers deduplication system for backup process in IT environment. The proposed system implements two chunk sizes in descendent way and activates them simultaneously in a sequence. They eliminate duplicated parts among backup target data in more efficiently than any conventional single layer deduplication system. The system weakens a substantial trade-off between the deduplication rate and the performance, which is defined as the number of chunks reduced. Comparing to a conventional approach the proposed system provides the equivalent deduplication rate with much less performance degradation or more performance with less compensation of deduplication rate. In addition, it achieves better stability of performance when small chunk sizes manipulate heavily duplicated data and densely changed data. The positive effectivenesses of the proposed system are evaluated quantitatively and are compared to a conventional approach by using a simulation. The results are certified with a prototype machine.
Biphenylene end-capped polyquinoline and polyimide prepolymers as matrix resins for high-use-temperature composites (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiphenylene end-capped polyquinoline and polyimide prepolymers as matrix resins for high-use-temperature compositesJohn P. Droske, John K. Stille, and William B. AlstonCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 1, 14–18Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00131a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00131a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Silicon Photonic Integrated Devices For Optical Interconnects (2013)

We present our latest update on key components in the integrated Si photonic interconnect system, including hybrid Si microring lasers, Si microring modulators, hybrid Si photodetector and passive waveguide devices.
Polarity control of carrier injection at ferroelectric/metal interfaces for electrically switchable diode and photovoltaic effects (2011)

We investigated a switchable ferroelectric diode effect and its physical mechanism in Pt/BiFeO${}_{3}$/SrRuO${}_{3}$ thin-film capacitors. Our results of electrical measurements support that, near the Pt/BiFeO${}_{3}$ interface of as-grown samples, a defective layer (possibly an oxygen-vacancy-rich layer) becomes formed and disturbs carrier injection. We therefore used an electrical training process to obtain ferroelectric control of the diode polarity where, by changing the polarization direction using an external bias, we could switch the transport characteristics between forward and reverse diodes. Our system is characterized with a rectangular polarization-hysteresis loop with which we confirmed that the diode-polarity switching occurred at the ferroelectric coercive voltage. Moreover, we observed a simultaneous switching of the diode polarity and the associated photovoltaic response dependent on the ferroelectric domain configurations. Our detailed study suggests that the polarization charge can affect the Schottky barrier at the ferroelectric/metal interfaces, resulting in a modulation of the interfacial carrier injection. The amount of polarization-modulated carrier injection can affect the transition voltage value at which a space-charge-limited bulk current--voltage ($J$--$V$) behavior is changed from Ohmic (i.e., $J$ \ensuremath{\propto} $V$) to nonlinear (i.e., $J$ \ensuremath{\propto} ${V}^{n}$ with $n$ \ensuremath{\ge} 2). This combination of bulk conduction and polarization-modulated carrier injection explains the detailed physical mechanism underlying the switchable diode effect in ferroelectric capacitors.
Similarity join size estimation using locality sensitive hashing (2011)

Similarity joins are important operations with a broad range of applications. In this paper, we study the problem of vector similarity join size estimation (VSJ). It is a generalization of the previously studied set similarity join size estimation (SSJ) problem and can handle more interesting cases such as TF-IDF vectors. One of the key challenges in similarity join size estimation is that the join size can change dramatically depending on the input similarity threshold. We propose a sampling based algorithm that uses Locality-Sensitive-Hashing (LSH). The proposed algorithm LSH-SS uses an LSH index to enable effective sampling even at high thresholds. We compare the proposed technique with random sampling and the state-of-the-art technique for SSJ (adapted to VSJ) and demonstrate LSH-SS offers more accurate estimates throughout the similarity threshold range and small variance using real-world data sets.
Suppression of crystal nucleation in amorphous layers with sharp concentration gradients (1990)

Using simple thermodynamic arguements, it is shown that sharp concentration gradients occurring during diffusive mixing of multilayer composites facilitate amorphization by solid-state reaction by reducing or suppressing the driving force for crystallization \ensuremath{\Delta}${\mathit{G}}_{\mathit{a}\mathit{c}}$. As the concentration gradients diminish during diffusive layer growth, the driving force for crystalline phase formation is restored and the energetic barrier to their nucleation to the classical expression. This evolution yields a critical maximum amorphous-layer thickness as observed experimentally.
A new technique for the measurement of axial-stress in optical-fibre preforms (1984)

The ability to measure the axial stress in optical-fibre preforms is essential for the development of highly-birefringent specialist fibres, in which high levels of thermal stress are deliberately introduced to modify the fibre propagation characteristics. Conversely, it has been found that the loss of telecommunications-grade fibre can be reduced by minimising the stresses within the core. To date, axial stress profiles have been measured by the rather cumbersome method of reconstruction from the retardation profiles measured transversely across the preform this technique has not seen widespread routine use, presumably because the results rarely justify the complexity of the measurement. In this paper we present a new method for measuring the axial stress profile which should see widespread adoption as a result of its simplicity and convenience. The method has the advantage that it uses the same hardware and software that are commonly used in transverse refractive-index profiling and it is therefore readily incorporated into existing equipment. The technique can also in principle be applied to two-dimensional stress profiling of asymmetric preforms. In addition, the work provides a new insight into how thermal stresses affect fibre refractive-index profiling techniques.
Measurements of deep levels in high-purity molecular beam epitaxial GaAs (1985)

Constant capacitance deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are performed on molecular beam epitaxially grown GaAs layers with net carrier concentrations of 3.3–6.5×1014 cm−3. Four trap levels are detected, three of which are usually detected in molecular beam epitaxial layers, and the fourth, a very shallow trap at 30 meV, has not been previously reported. Determination of the concentrations for this new level dispute the accepted interpretation of Hall measurements near and above room temperature.
Super-resolution fluorescence near-field scanning optical microscopy (1986)

A one-dimensional near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) operating in the fluorescence mode has been demonstrated. NSOM line scans of both metallic edges and fluorescent gratings have been obtained and quantitatively compared to both scanning electron micrographs and conventional optical micrographs of the same structures. The sharpness of the near-field scans indicates resolution of &amp;lt;100 nm.
Cavity-enhanced frequency up-conversion in rubidium vapor (2016)

We report the first use of a ring cavity to both enhance the output power and dramatically narrow the linewidth (<1 MHz) of blue light generated by four-wave mixing in a rubidium vapor cell. We find that the high output power available in our cavity-free system leads to power broadening of the generated blue light linewidth. Our ring cavity removes this limitation, allowing high output power and narrow linewidth to be achieved concurrently. As the cavity blue light is widely tunable over the Rb855S<sub>1/2</sub>F=3→6P<sub>3/2</sub> transition, this narrow linewidth light would be suitable for near-resonant rubidium studies including, for example, second-stage laser cooling.
Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus Oncogenesis in T-Lymphocyte-Deprived Mice: Biologic and Immunologic Studies<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref> (1980)

CBA mice, selectively deprived of T-lymphocytes by adult thymectomy, X-irradiation, and syngeneic bone marrow injection, have a high susceptibility to Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MuSV) oncogenesis. These mice developed nonregressing tumors after they had received injections of the virus either im or intradermally (id) and in various concentrations. The time to tumor induction was inversely proportional to the amount of virus injected. After iv inoculation of the virus, deprived mice usually developed sarcomas in various soft tissues of the body. The importance of the T-cells in affording protection was further confirmed by the observation that lymph node cells depleted of T-cells were unable to prevent tumor development in the deprived inoculated mice. A protective effect of T-cells could be provided by transfer of as few as 0.25×106 lymphoid cells. The effect was long-lasting because comparable results were obtained when deprived mice were given injections of graded numbers of cells immediately or 60 days before M-MuSV inoculation. When spleen cells from M-MuSV immune donors (i.e., deprived mice protected with lymph node cells before M-MuSV inoculation) were transferred into deprived mice 10 days before the M-MuSV injection, the protective effect depended on the presence of T-cells within the cell inoculum; B-cells apparently were unable to prevent tumor development. In addition, when normal and deprived mice were given id injections of M-MuSV and their tumors were excised, normal mice were resistant to a second M-MuSV challenge, whereas deprived mice developed tumors. Tumor-bearing deprived mice could be cured by transfer of immune lymph node cells from M-MuSV tumor regressor mice.
EXPLORING MECHANISMS OF AGING THROUGH LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES: BIOLOGICAL, PHENOTYPIC, AND CLINICAL (2019)

Abstract Over the past several decades, researchers have searched for early and accurate predictors of healthy aging, establishing metrics to potentially quantify the aging process based on functional performance, disease diagnosis, or other clinical tests. Using these metrics, efforts have been made to disentangle the concepts of “normal” versus “accelerated” aging to identify individuals transitioning into states of disease and disability, allowing for more targeted and effective treatment(s). Yet, many of the variables included in these indices have been chosen based on their availability using cross-sectional associations with chronological age. Such variables may reflect birth cohort differences and selective attrition and fail to accurately represent the mechanisms most representative of the aging process. Using data longitudinal data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and beyond, this symposium will present a conceptual framework of phenotypic aging and its relationship with biological aging, and trajectories of aging phenotypes using state-of-the-art measures collected over the past 10 years. Specifically, we will discuss new insights into trajectories of molecular (inflammatory and metabolic markers), physiological (energetics, body composition, brain atrophy), and clinical measures (gait speed and executive function), and discuss methodological considerations for combining these phenotypes into a measure that can be linked with biological aging measured using a systems approach to improve and refine future understanding of mechanisms of “normal” versus “accelerated” aging. Further development and application of the methodology presented in this symposium will highlight the importance of using longitudinal data to improve understanding of physical and cognitive trajectories with aging.
Dynamic Data Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2006)

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a serious disease caused by the collapse of upper airways during sleep. The present method of measuring the severity of OSA is the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). The AHI is defined as the average number of Obstructive events (Apnea and Hypopnea, OAH-events) during the total sleep period. The number of occurrence of OAH events during each hour of sleep is a random variable with an unknown probability density function. Thus the measure AHI alone is insufficient to describe its true nature. We propose a new measure Dynamic Apnea Hypopnea Index Time Series (DAHI), which captures the temporal density of Apnea event over shorter time intervals, and use its higher moments to obtain a dynamic characterization of OSA
Temperature-Dependent FT-IR Spectroscopy Study of Silver 1,9-Nonanedithiolate (2001)

The structure and thermal behavior of silver 1,9-nonanedithiolate (AgNDT) is investigated by means of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and elemental analysis. The XRD data suggests that AgNDT has a layered structure but with poor registry between layers. The poor registry seems to be associated with the deficiency of Ag by 20% in binding to the available sulfur atoms. DRIFT spectral data nonetheless indicates that the carbon chains take nearly all-trans conformation. The temperature-dependent DRIFT spectral data suggests that AgNDT should degrade at &gt;530 K without any thermodynamic phase transition, in agreement with the TGA and DSC analysis. The finding that AgNDT does not exhibit liquid-crystalline behavior upon melting is attributed to the formation of two Ag-S bonds (as α,ω-dithiolate) in AgNDT, even though each Ag atom is trigonally bonded to sulfur, as in silver monothiolate (AgSR).
From cisplatin to photoreactive Ru complexes: targeting DNA for biomedical applications (2008)

Since the discovery of cisplatin, the search for therapeutic agents based on other metallic compounds developed rapidly thanks to the versatility of coordination chemistry. This short review focuses on advances in research for new complexes based on Pt(IV), Ru(II) and Ru(III) either as anticancer drugs or as molecular (photo)reagents for biomedical applications. The DNA binding mechanisms of these compounds are highlighted alongside with the novel strategies developed to improve their reactivity and/or specificity towards DNA.
Gleevec shifts APP processing from a β-cleavage to a nonamyloidogenic cleavage (2017)

Neurotoxic amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) are major drivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are formed by sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase (BACE) and γ-secretase. Our previous study showed that the anticancer drug Gleevec lowers Aβ levels through indirect inhibition of γ-secretase activity. Here we report that Gleevec also achieves its Aβ-lowering effects through an additional cellular mechanism. It renders APP less susceptible to proteolysis by BACE without inhibiting BACE enzymatic activity or the processing of other BACE substrates. This effect closely mimics the phenotype of APP A673T, a recently discovered mutation that protects carriers against AD and age-related cognitive decline. In addition, Gleevec induces formation of a specific set of APP C-terminal fragments, also observed in cells expressing the APP protective mutation and in cells exposed to a conventional BACE inhibitor. These Gleevec phenotypes require an intracellular acidic pH and are independent of tyrosine kinase inhibition, given that a related compound lacking tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, DV2-103, exerts similar effects on APP metabolism. In addition, DV2-103 accumulates at high concentrations in the rodent brain, where it rapidly lowers Aβ levels. This study suggests that long-term treatment with drugs that indirectly modulate BACE processing of APP but spare other BACE substrates and achieve therapeutic concentrations in the brain might be effective in preventing or delaying the onset of AD and could be safer than nonselective BACE inhibitor drugs.
A Deep Learning-Based Strategy to Initiate Diesel Particle Filter Regeneration (2021)

&lt;div&gt;Deep learning (DL)-based approaches enable unprecedented control paradigms for propulsion systems, utilizing recent advances in high-performance computing infrastructure connected to modern vehicles. These approaches can be employed to optimize diesel aftertreatment control systems targeting the reduction of emissions. The optimization of the Trapped Soot Load (TSL) reduction in the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is such an example. As part of the diesel aftertreatment system, the DPF stores the soot particles resulting from the combustion process in the engine. Periodically, the stored soot is oxidized during a DPF regeneration event. The efficiency of such a regeneration influences the fuel economy, and potentially the service interval of the vehicle. The quality of a regeneration depends on the operating conditions of the DPF, the engine, and the ability to complete the regeneration event. The favorable occurrence of these conditions is determined by a high number of variables including the speed profile, the state of the road, and the influence of traffic conditions. Control algorithms aim to find the drive cycle intervals with optimal conditions for executing a regeneration. It is a challenging task to optimize regenerations using rule-based control approaches. Such algorithms have a limited capability to handle a wide variety of drive cycles. This article proposes a DL-based control strategy that aims to reduce oil dilution while increasing fuel efficiency by minimizing the number of regenerations and maximizing the oxidized soot load. Based on the analysis of the driving conditions, the proposed strategy targets the most conducive regeneration opportunities. The proposed strategy is evaluated using historical drive cycle data of 10 vehicles, covering a year of vehicle operation. The effectiveness of the DL-based control approach compared to a rule-based control strategy is discussed. The results show that the DL-based control approach leads to fewer interrupted regenerations and more soot oxidation per regeneration while reducing oil dilution and increasing fuel efficiency.&lt;/div&gt;