gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Bartonella Infections in Febrile Human Patients from Thailand and Their Potential Animal Reservoirs (2010)

To determine the role of Bartonella species as causes of acute febrile illness in humans from Thailand, we used a novel strategy of co-cultivation of blood with eukaryotic cells and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella-specific DNA products. Bartonella species were identified in 14 blood clots from febrile patients. Sequence analysis showed that more than one-half of the genotypes identified in human patients were similar or identical to homologous sequences identified in rodents from Asia and were closely related to B. elizabethae, B. rattimassiliensis, and B. tribocorum. The remaining genotypes belonged to B. henselae, B. vinsonii, and B. tamiae. Among the positive febrile patients, animal exposure was common: 36% reported owning either dogs or cats and 71% reported rat exposure during the 2 weeks before illness onset. The findings suggest that rodents are likely reservoirs for a substantial portion of cases of human Bartonella infections in Thailand.
SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications (2021)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in China from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus <i>Rhinolophus</i>. Following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, SARS-CoV-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. Results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, rhesus macaques, white-tailed deer, rabbits, Egyptian fruit bats, and Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that cat-to-cat and ferret-to-ferret transmission can take place via contact and air. However, natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported only in pet dogs and cats, tigers, lions, snow leopards, pumas, and gorillas at zoos, and farmed mink and ferrets. Even though human-to-animal spillover has been reported at several instances, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals-to-humans has only been reported from mink-to-humans in mink farms. Following the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the mink population, a new mink-associated SARS-CoV-2 variant emerged that was identified in both humans and mink. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 in carnivores indicate the higher susceptibility of animal species belonging to this order. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild animal species require further investigation to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in kept, feral or wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.
Understanding and Misunderstanding Trust (2003)

Abstract How we think about trust (confusing it, for example, with total control, with “blind” or “simple” trust, or with reliance, risk and probability) makes trust possible or more difficult or even impossible. Simple trust is naïve trust. Blind trust is self‐deceived trust. Both are much less than authentic trust.
Synthetic Routes to N-Heterocyclic Carbene Precursors (2011)

International audience
Arginine shortage induces replication stress and confers genotoxic resistance by inhibiting histone H4 translation and promoting PCNA polyubiquitination (2023)

The unique arginine dependencies of cancer cell proliferation and survival creates metabolic vulnerability. Here, we investigate the impact of extracellular arginine availability on DNA replication and genotoxic resistance. Using DNA combing assays, we find that when extracellular arginine is limited, cancer cells are arrested at S-phase and DNA replication forks slow or stall instantly until arginine is re-supplied. The translation of new histone H4 is arginine-dependent and impacts DNA replication and the expression of newly synthesized histone H4 is reduced in the avascular nutrient-poor breast cancer xenograft tumor cores. Furthermore, we demonstrate that increased PCNA occupancy and HLTF-catalyzed PCNA K63-linked polyubiquitination protects arginine-starved cells from hydroxyurea-induced, DNA2-catalyzed nascent strand degradation. Finally, arginine-deprived cancer cells are tolerant to genotoxic insults in a PCNA K63-linked polyubiquitination-dependent manner. Together, these findings reveal that extracellular arginine is the "linchpin" for nutrient-regulated DNA replication. Such information could be leveraged to expand current modalities or design new drug targets against cancer.
Fuzzy queries and relational databases (1994)

In this paper, the interest of fuzzy sets and possibility theory in the context of databases is presented. It is shown that these " notions provide an homogeneous framework for both the representation of imprecise/uncertain information and vague queries. A special emphasis is put on flexible queries addressed to regular databases. When comparing various attempts made in this contexL the fuzzy set approach turns out to generalize the other solutions. Finally, the principal features of a fuzzy querying language extending SQL are outlined.
On the Richardson constant of intimate metal-GaAs Schottky barriers (1992)

Careful measurements have been made of the temperature coefficient of the barrier height ( alpha ) and the Richardson constant (A**) for Schottky diodes consisting of Au and Cu contacts on GaAs. The metals were deposited at a pressure of approximately 10-10 Torr so that there is no possibility of an oxide film between metal and semiconductor. The values obtained for alpha were (-2.3+or-0.3)*10-4 eV K-1 and (-3.2+or-0.3)*10-4 eV K-1 for Au and Cu, respectively, the corresponding values of A** being 1.5*104 A m-2 K-2 and 16*10 4 A m-2 K-2. The values for Al/GaAs diodes obtained previously were (-3.8+or-0.3)*10-4 eV K-1 and 0.41*104 A m-2 K-2. The variation of alpha between metals implies that the interface states which determine the barrier height depend on the metal, and the substantial difference between the values of A** suggest that the band structure of the metal plays a role in determining the reflection coefficient for electron at the interface.
Proof of concept for a passive sampler for monitoring of gaseous elemental mercury in artisanal gold mining (2017)

Mercury emissions from artisanal gold mining operations occurring in roughly 80 developing countries are a major workplace health hazard for millions of people as well as the largest contributor to global mercury pollution. There are no portable, cheap, and rapid methods able to inform workers or health practitioners of mercury exposure on site in remote locations. In this work, a proof of concept for a miniaturized mercury sampler, prepared by the direct reduction of gold into the porous nanostructures of Vycor glass (PVG), is introduced. Mercury retention on the PVG/Au sampler induces significant color changes, due to the formation of Au-Hg amalgam that affects the surface plasmon resonance characteristics of the material. The color change can potentially be quantified by the analysis of pictures obtained with a cell phone camera rapidly and onsite. Laboratory experiments showed the viability of using PVG/Au as passive sampler for monitoring of Hg°. PVG/Au samplers were then deployed in an artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) operations in Burkina Faso and it was able to indicate personal mercury exposures. The amount of mercury quantified in the samplers for all miners was higher than the current personal exposure limit set by the US Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA).
Femtosecond Sagnac interferometer for phase spectroscopy (1995)

We developed a novel femtosecond Sagnac interferometer that enables us to take single-shot measurements of both the difference transmission and the difference phase spectra. Owing to the excellent stability of the Sagnac interferometer, a difference phase spectrum was obtained with a high phase change sensitivity of ~lambda/100 after a 1000-shot accumulation. The spectral range, wavelength, and time resolution were 530-650 nm, 1 nm, and 200 fs, respectively.
Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical Properties of Irradiated Mono- and Polycrystalline MgAl2O4 (2011)

The influence of the size of crystalline regions on mechanical properties of irradiated oxides has been studied using a magnesium aluminate spinel MgAl2O4. The samples characterized by different dimensions of crystalline domains, varying from sintered ceramics with grains of few micrometers in size up to single crystals, were used in the experiments. The samples were irradiated at room temperature with 320 keV Ar 2+ ions up to fluences reaching 5 10 16 cm -2 . Nanomechanical properties (nanohardness and Young's modulus) were measured by using a nanoindentation technique and the resistance to crack formation by measurement of the total crack lengths made by the Vickers indenter. The results revealed several effects: correlation of nanohardness evolution with the level of accumulated damage, radiation-induced hardness increase in grain-boundary region and significant improvement of material resistance to crack formation. This last effect is especially surprising as the typical depth of cracks formed by Vickers indenter in unirradiated material exceeds several tens of micrometers, i.e. is more than hundred times larger than the thickness of the modified layer.
Grafting of Technical Lignins through Regioselective Triazole Formation on β-O-4 Linkages (2017)

A new method has been developed to enable the modification of the organosolv technical lignins. Using a walnut shell butanol alkoxasolv lignin as a source of high β-O-4 content material, the β-O-4 γ-position has been selectively modified via tosylation, azidation, and copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne triazole formation. In addition, extensive model studies were used to aid the detailed characterization of the modified lignin structure. The copper-catalyzed click reaction was used to attach modified PEG chains, and the resulting lignin-based copolymer displayed improved thermal stability. This protocol was also used to incorporate a novel BODIPY-type fluorophore, generating a fluorescent lignin. Copper catalytic loadings were effective as low as 0.3 wt % and were found to catalyze the cycloaddition efficiently. This efficient and generic approach to preparing lignin-derived polymers is relevant to the core societal challenge of improving biorefinery efficiency.
Dynamic network-based secure VPN deployment in GPRS (2003)

A dynamic network-based virtual private network (VPN) deployment, which is established between the general packet radio services (GPRS) border gateway and a corporate intranet gateway, is presented and analyzed. By relying on a sequence of concatenated protection mechanisms (GPRS ciphering and VPN deployment), it is possible to provide secure remote access to mobile users without requiring an extra tunnel overhead on the radio link or the implementation of computationally intense encryption algorithms in the mobile station. The VPN functionality is based on IPsec. For VPN initialization and key agreement procedures, an Internet key exchange (IKE) protocol proxy scheme is proposed, which enables the mobile user to initiate a VPN, while shifting complex key negotiation to the network infrastructure. The required enhancements for security service provision can be integrated in the existing network infrastructure, and therefore, the proposed security scheme can be used as an add-on feature of the GPRS.
Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Daniele Faccio, "Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging," Optics & Photonics News 30(1), 36-43 (2019) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Aniline (2000)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical and Chemical Properties 3. Production 3.1. Raw Materials 3.2. Processes 3.2.1. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene 3.2.1.1. Catalytic Vapor-Phase Hydrogenation 3.2.1.2. Catalytic Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation 3.2.2. Reduction of Nitrobenzene with Iron and Iron Salts 3.2.3. Amination of Phenol 4. Quality Specifications 5. Handling, Storage and Transportation 6. Uses 6.1. Methylene Diphenylene Isocyanate (MDI) 6.2. Rubber Processing Chemicals 6.3. Dyes and Pigments 6.4. Agricultural Chemicals 6.5. Pharmaceuticals 6.6. Cyclohexylamine/Dicyclohexylamine 6.7. Miscellaneous 7. Economic Aspects 8. Derivatives 9. Toxicology 9.1. Toxicokinetic Properties and Metabolism 9.2. Toxicological Properties 10. Occupational Health
von Willebrand Disease: A Concise Review and Update for the Practicing Physician (2016)

von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common inherited disorder of hemostasis and comprises a spectrum of heterogeneous subtypes. Significant advances have been made in understanding von Willebrand factor ( vWF) gene mutations, resultant physiologic deficits in the vWF peptide, and their correlation to clinical presentation. Diagnostic tests for this disorder are complex, and interpretation requires a thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology by the practicing physician. The objective of this review is to summarize our current understanding of pathophysiology, laboratory investigations, and evolving treatment paradigm of vWD with the availability of recombinant von Willebrand factor.
Aryl–Aryl Bond Formation by the Fluoride‐Free Cross‐Coupling of Aryldisiloxanes with Aryl Bromides (2011)

The prevalence of the biaryl structural motif in biologically interesting and synthetically important molecules has inspired considerable interest in the development of methods for aryl-aryl bond formation. Herein we describe a novel strategy for this process involving the fluoride-free, palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of readily accessible aryldisiloxanes and aryl bromides. Using a statistical-based optimisation process, preparatively useful reaction conditions were formulated to allow the cross-coupling of a wide range of different substrates. This methodology represents an attractive, cost-efficient, flexible and robust alternative to the traditional transition-metal-catalysed routes typically used to generate molecules containing the privileged biaryl scaffold.
Effect of professional physiotherapy on patients with non CF bronchiectasis – a preliminary study (2016)

Non CF bronchiectasis is a rising entity around the world with developing diagnostics and evolving treatments being researched in the past few years. It is a pathological final common pathway of different etiologies and a thorough evaluation of the patients should be sought to establish a specific diagnosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of professional respiratory physiotherapy on the patients in which a specific diagnosis was not established.
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa nirE gene encodes the S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine‐dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase required for heme d1 biosynthesis (2009)

Biosynthesis of heme d(1), the essential prosthetic group of the dissimilatory nitrite reductase cytochrome cd(1), requires the methylation of the tetrapyrrole precursor uroporphyrinogen III at positions C-2 and C-7. We produced Pseudomonas aeruginosa NirE, a putative S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase, as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli and purified it to apparent homogeneity by metal chelate and gel filtration chromatography. Analytical gel filtration of purified NirE indicated that the recombinant protein is a homodimer. NirE was shown to be a SAM-dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase that catalyzes the conversion of uroporphyrinogen III into precorrin-2 in vivo and in vitro. A specific activity of 316.8 nmol of precorrin-2 h(-1) x mg(-1) of NirE was found for the conversion of uroporphyrinogen III to precorrin-2. At high enzyme concentrations NirE catalyzed an overmethylation of uroporphyrinogen III, resulting in the formation of trimethylpyrrocorphin. Substrate inhibition was observed at uroporphyrinogen III concentrations above 17 microM. The protein did bind SAM, although not with the same avidity as reported for other SAM-dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferases involved in siroheme and cobalamin biosynthesis. A P. aeruginosa nirE transposon mutant was not complemented by native cobA encoding the SAM-dependent uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase involved in cobalamin formation. However, bacterial growth of the nirE mutant was observed when cobA was constitutively expressed by a complementing plasmid, underscoring the special requirement of NirE for heme d(1) biosynthesis.
CHAOS OF TRAVELING WAVES IN A DISCRETE CHAIN OF DIFFUSIVELY COUPLED MAPS (1994)

An infinite set of stationary traveling waves are found in a discrete analog of the nonlinear diffusion Huxley equation. Their profiles are determined by the trajectories of Bernoulli scheme containing two symbols. It is proved that these waves are stable with respect to perturbations moving with the same speed. Thus it is shown that chaos of traveling waves is realized in this system.
Development of Nanoencapsulated Curcumin in Chitosan for Cosmetic Use via Evaporation of O/W/O Emulsion (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion
Towards a Synthetic Strategy for the Ten Canonical Carrageenan Oligosaccharides – Synthesis of a Protected γ‐Carrageenan Tetrasaccharide (2019)

Herein, we report a synthetic strategy aiming at synthesizing the ten canonical carrageenan oligosaccharides from one single precursor. The key β‐(1→4)‐linked disaccharide was synthesized from commercially available galactose pentaacetate. The notoriously difficult formation of β‐(1→4)‐ d ‐galactan linkages was successfully optimized on the differentially substituted monosaccharides to afford the desired disaccharide in 55 % yield. Following a convergent strategy, two disaccharides were then glycosylated to form the fully protected α‐(1→4)‐linked tetrasaccharide backbone of the carrageenans. The careful selection of protecting groups provides the opportunity to access all ten carrageenan substructures identified in polysaccharides isolated from red algae. Here, we demonstrate how one such target oligosaccharide can be obtained in a protected form.
Improving rate of decline of FEV1 in young adults with cystic fibrosis (2005)

The rates of decline in lung function in young adults with CF have diminished with successive birth cohorts. This has important implications for the design of clinical studies in this disease.
Two populations of endothelial cell antibodies cross-react with heparin (1998)

As endothelial cells (EC) express heparin-like glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate, it was essential to investigate the relation of anti-EC antibody (AECA) to heparin reactivity. AECA were detected in 43 of 131 autoimmune sera and anti-heparin antibodies (AHA) in 25. These autoimmune reactivities were significantly associated (P corrected < 0.0005). Seven AECA-positive/AHA-positive and three AECA-negative/AHA-positive sera were affinity-purified using protein G column followed by a heparin-Sepharose column. Two populations of AECA were recovered from the second column. One was eluted with 0.4 M NaCl which bound to EC and to solid-phase heparin with low affinity, but not to soluble heparin. The second population of AECA, which was eluted with 4 M guanidine HCl/2 M NaCl, recognized EC and solid-phase heparin with high affinity, but also soluble heparin. The latter population of AECA might thus be an important cause of autoimmune vascular thrombosis in systemic diseases.
Overexpression of Aldehyde Reductase Protects PC12 Cells from the Cytotoxicity of Methylglyoxal or 3-Deoxyglucosone (1998)

The glycation reaction (Maillard reaction) plays a major role in diabetic complications, since some reaction intermediates are responsible for the modification and cross-linking of long-lived proteins, resulting, in turn, in a deterioration of normal cell function. The reaction intermediates include methylglyoxal (MG) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), both of which are cytotoxic dicarbonyl compounds and are elevated during hyperglycemia. Aldehyde reductase (ALR) catalyzes the reduction of both compounds. To examine the intracellular role of ALR in the diabetic complications of neural cells, its gene was overexpressed in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, which normally express a low level of ALR. Western blot analysis showed that ALR protein in the ALR gene-transfected cells was more than twice as much as in the control cells. In the parental cells, cytotoxicity, including apoptotic cell death, which was determined by fluorescent microscopy using the fluorescent DNA binding dye Hoechst 33258, was observed at 100 microM MG. In the ALR gene-transfected cells, the cytotoxicity of both MG and 3-DG and apoptotic cell death were decreased. This suggests that intracellular ALR protects neural cells from the cytotoxicity of 3-DG or MG, and that neural cells, which normally express a low level of ALR, might be susceptible to diabetic complications caused by intermediate products of the Maillard reaction, such as 3-DG and MG.