gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paired‐pulse modulation of fast excitatory synaptic currents in microcultures of rat hippocampal neurons. (1995)

1. Paired-pulse modulation of excitatory non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) receptor-mediated autaptic currents and conventional monosynaptic (interneuronal) excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) was investigated in microcultures of rat hippocampal neurons, where polysynaptic influences are eliminated. 2. Most autaptic currents and EPSCs exhibited paired-pulse depression in response to paired stimuli. Depression was sensitive to the level of transmitter release, which was varied by manipulating extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Paired-pulse facilitation emerged in many cells at low levels of transmitter release. 3. Paired-pulse depression and facilitation could be differentially expressed at two distinct postsynaptic targets of a single presynaptic cell, and the form of modulation was not dependent upon the transmitter phenotype of the postsynaptic cell. 4. Paired-pulse depression recovered exponentially with a time constant of approximately 5 s, although in most neurons a much faster component of recovery was detected. Recovery from paired-pulse facilitation was well described by a single exponential of 380 +/- 57 ms. 5. Under conditions of robust paired-pulse depression of evoked responses, spontaneous autaptic and postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs, presumed miniature EPSCs) occurred at an enhanced frequency immediately following evoked responses. The decay of the frequency increase mirrored the time course of recovery from paired-pulse facilitation of evoked responses examined under conditions of reduced transmitter release. 6. Several lines of evidence suggested a large presynaptic component to paired-pulse depression. In eight out of nine cells no depression in sEPSC amplitudes was detected following conditioning stimulation. Simultaneously recorded glial glutamate uptake currents showed depression similar to neuronal evoked EPSCs. Finally, NMDA receptor-mediated EPSC paired-pulse depression at positive potentials was similar to non-NMDA EPSC depression. 7. Neither adenosine nor glutamate feedback onto presynaptic receptors is likely to mediate paired-pulse depression, because neither competitive nor non-competitive inhibitors of the actions of these agents diminished paired-pulse depression.
Adaptive Approximate Dynamic Optimization : a slider-crank case study (2019)

We present the Adaptive Approximate Dynamic Optimization (AADO) algorithm and elaborate on its application for forward (dynamics as constraints) and inverse (dynamics in the objective) Dynamic Optimization (DO). The method is tailored to dynamic optimization problems where the system model contains high-fidelity (HF) model components of subsystem(s) that slow down the system model's evaluation time. In this contribution we extend prior work where we proposed to replace the system model with a local (i.e. only valid in subregions of the state space) approximate dynamic system model based on sampled model evaluations. The sampling is adaptive and localized to the optimal trajectory in correspondence with the trajectory optimizer. Here we suggest only to replace the high-fidelity subsystem models with an approximate subsystem model set. A comparison is made of the method applied in both the forward and inverse convention on a limit cycle slider-crank trajectory optimization for a high-fidelity nonlinear load model. We found that the AADO algorithm requires only 0.1% system model evaluations compared with conventional DO and only 30% compared with non-adaptive AADO. Our results consolidate the methods potential and invite for further research.
Selective hydrogenation of acetylene on Cu–Pd intermetallic compounds and Pd atoms substituted Cu(111) surfaces (2021)

The selective hydrogenation of acetylene was studied on the ordered Cu-Pd intermetallic compounds (L1<sub>0</sub>-type CuPd, L1<sub>2</sub>-type Cu<sub>3</sub>Pd, and L1<sub>2</sub>-type CuPd<sub>3</sub>) and Pd-modified Cu(111) surfaces through first-principles calculations. The catalytic selectivity and activity of Cu-Pd alloy catalysts are closely related to the crystal structure and composition of Cu-Pd intermetallic compounds and the size of Pd ensembles of Cu-based dilute alloy surface for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene. Significantly, we found that the ordered Cu-Pd alloy surface containing isolated Pd atoms (i.e., L1<sub>2</sub>-type Cu<sub>3</sub>Pd(111) surface) is highly efficient for the selective hydrogenation reaction of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>→ C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>. The contiguous Pd atom ensembles (Pd dimer and trimer) are catalytically active towards C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + H → C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub> + H → C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> reactions than the single Pd atom on a Pd-decorated Cu(111) surface. However, the small Pd ensembles on Cu(111) present a low chemical activity for H<sub>2</sub> dissociation compared with the ordered Cu-Pd intermetallic compounds. Our theoretical results provide a strategy of crystal phase and composition control for enhancing the selectivity and activity of Cu-Pd catalysts towards acetylene selective hydrogenation.
Sodium fires and aerosols. Behavior of radioiodine. (1984)

Release of 131I associated with burning of contaminated Na, decay of airborne concentration of the released 131I and the size distribution of aerosols referred to radioiodine are investigated in experimental runs conducted on laboratory scale. These investigations are carried out in conjunction with similar investigations for the Na matrix. An experimental chamber (5.4 m3) is used for burning a small pool of Na (–50 g) containing spiked 131I (40–500 μCi). Values of the specific activity ratio, viz. the ratio of the concentration of 131I in the aerosol Na to that in pool Na lay in the range of 0.9×10−2—5.7×10−2 at pool temperatures of about 300°C. The concentration decay half-time and the aerosol size distribution characteristics referred to 131I remain similar to those applicable to the Na content of the aerosols. Surface concentrations of 131I in the residues examined differ from the bulk concentrations (calculated) in the pool and are lower by a factor of −20. The concentrations of 131I in the aerosols released are further lower than the surface concentrations in the residues by a factor of −2.
Two Sensor Array Beamforming Algorithm (2012)

Nowadays, noise reduction in mobile communication is an increasingly important topic. This thesis discusses the possibilities of using beamforming with a two microphone array for smartphone applications. The goal of the project is to realise a beamforming algorithm for smartphones to improve on current Signal to Noise ratios attained by standard noise reduction methods. By means of a literature study, three beamformers were investigated and presented: Delay and Sum (DAS), Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) and the Generalized Sidelobe Canceller (GSC). Due to time constraints the DAS and MVDR were chosen for further simulations and testing, based on the terms of reference. Both beamformers were extensively simulated and tested in Matlab. The results were used to compare the two beamformers based on their white noise suppression, punctuated noise source suppression, frequency range and computational complexity. Results showed that the white noise suppression for both beamformers is the same. For the suppression of punctuated noise sources however, the MVDR beamformer is more reliable, because it adapts its response to the main noise source. Furthermore, the MVDR beamformer performs better on the frequency spectrum of interest. The only advantage of the DAS beamformer over MVDR is a lower computational complexity. It is concluded that beamforming with a two microphone array is possible. Considering the terms of reference, the MVDR beamformer is the better option of the simulated two for implementation on smartphones.
Bismuth‐doped fiber Q‐switcher in erbium‐doped fiber laser cavity (2021)

Abstract We propose a simple design of all‐fiber Q‐switched erbium‐doped fiber laser (EDFL). The laser is passively Q‐switched by splicing bismuth‐doped fiber into a ring cavity. The design has been experimentally demonstrated at the emission wavelength of 1560.48 nm. A single‐mode Q‐switched pulse with pulse duration of 1.18 μs and pulse energy of 15.6 nJ was obtained with 980 nm pump power of 178 mW. Stable and typical Q‐switched pulses were achieved at the repetition rate changing from 63.3 to 94.6 kHz. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to demonstrate bismuth‐doped fiber as an effective saturable absorber for erbium‐doped fiber laser.
Phagocytosis of Wild-TypeLegionella pneumophilaOccurs through a Wortmannin-Insensitive Pathway (2001)

Wild-type Legionella pneumophila grows in human macrophages within a replicative phagosome, avoiding lysosomal fusion, while nonreplicative mutants are killed in lysosomes. Wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, blocks phagocytosis of an avirulent mutant, but not of wild-type L. pneumophila, without affecting membrane ruffling and actin polymerization. These results show that wild-type and mutant Legionella strains use different entry pathways. They suggest that PI3Ks are involved in phagocytosis of an avirulent L. pneumophila mutant and regulate the ability of microorganisms to generate a replicative phagosome.
First step of oral vinorelbine and capecitabine combination in advanced breast cancer patients: Feasability study (2008)

1135 Background: The availability of chemotherapeutic drugs given by oral route represents a step forward in the management of cancer patients (pts). Vinorelbine and capectabine have established efficacy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with distinct mechanism of action. Oral vinorelbine (OVRL) interacts with tubulin and capecitabine (XLD) acts through antimetabolite properties of 5 FU. OVRL is rapidly absorbed (1.5–3h) with elimination half-life around of 40h. No pharmacokinetic interaction was found between these 2 compounds and its metabolites. Methods: The treatment schedule was initial dose of 60 mg/m2 of OVRL on day 1 and 8; XLD 1000 mg/m2 bid/daily from day 1 to 14 every 3 weeks. Cycles were repeated if ≥1,000/mm3 neutrophils and ≥100,000 platelets and not other G3–4 toxicities. XLD was adjusted from 1,000 mg/m2 to 900 mg/m2 or 750 mg/m2 in case of hand-foot syndrome or severe diarrhoea. Results: Between June 2003 and May 2007, 25 metastatic breast cancer pts were included in this trial. Median age: 68 years-old [range 42 - 87]. PS: 0–2. 8 pts received the combination as 1st-line, 5 pts as 2nd-line, and 12 pts ≥ 3rd-line. A median of 11 cycles [1 - 48] were given. One patient had G4 febrile neutropenia. One pt suffered from G3 diarrhoea, G2 mild diarrhoea was reported in 1/3 of pts after ORVRL lasting 12 hours. G2 hand foot-syndrome was observed in 4 pts (16%). Out of 23 evaluable pts, 21 had clinical benefits: 2 CR, 4 PR and 15 SD (90% tumour control). Conclusions: Oral vinorelbine and capecitabine combination is well tolerated and active in MBC pts allowing long-term treatment in ambulatory setting avoiding central venous line and infusions. In our experience, this combination seems to be correctly tolerated in elder patients (≥ 75 yrs-old). This combination should be tried in early stages for the next step planned in our institution that is ongoing, and in combination with new target therapies: monoclonal antibodies as trastuzumab for HER2 positive pts, and bevacizumab for HER-2 negative pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Massive Vascular AA‐Amyloidosis: A Histologically and Biochemically Distinctive Subtype of Reactive Systemic Amyloidosis (1989)

Amyloid protein AA consists of several subspecies which mainly arise through proteolytic cleavage at various sites of the precursor, serum protein AA. The most common protein AA subspecies (the protein AA prototype) contains 76 amino-acid residues. In previous studies we have shown that distinctive patterns of amyloid infiltration occur in AA-amyloidosis. The amyloid in different patterns of infiltration seems to consist of distinctive protein AA subspecies. In the present study we have analysed protein AA in three patients with a form of AA-amyloidosis with heavy vascular infiltration and show that the amyloid fibrils contain two groups of protein AA subspecies. One, quantitatively predominating, group contains large subspecies of up to 94 amino-acid residues and a second group of protein AA-molecules contains around 50 amino-acid residues. The AA molecules lack the N-terminal arginine residue. It is concluded that AA-amyloidosis with massive vascular infiltration is a distinctive subform with typical clinical and histological appearance and with fibrils containing characteristic protein AA subspecies.
Implementing an Iot Approach to Careawareness in the Home. (2019)

There is a need for new thinking in care previsions and IOT is likely to play a major role in achieving transformation of care services at lower cost. Such an approach sits at the heart of this work. Here we present the outcome of an ongoing research programme based on sensor and App interventions (trial) at homes of participants who live independently but require care. The results indicate contrasting views of carers and the persons who receive care regarding (a) the uptake and utilisation of IoT, and (b) the potential impact on the quality of life and independence of both groups. In contrast to current telecare solutions that respond to “hard”- acute alerts, our research proposes the introduction of “soft” warnings, based on the continuous evaluation of the occupancy behaviour, care conditions and the home environment. In this context the results suggest that the care needs of a person can be more important determinants of occupancy behaviour than socio-demographic attributes that are typically used in residential occupancy classification. This research under the CareTeam programme, is a non-intrusive IoT approach geared to generate proactive care-awareness to help people who receive care stay independent and active for longer.
Settlement Analysis of the Soft Soil Improvement by Preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drains (2011)

Settlement monitoring of an embankment on soft soils improved by preload with Prefabricated Vertical Drains(PVD)method underneath Road E,Humen Port in Dongguan,allowed the ultimate consolidation settlements at various locations to bepredicted by different methods.The ultimate settlement deduced from the observed data is compared with the value predictedfrom a numerical analysis using ABAQUS.The results suggest that it is feasible to predict the ultimate settlement by ABAQUS simulations.The results also allow evaluation of the reliability of ultimate consolidation settlement values predictedfrom observed settlement data.
High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins for lupus nephritis — a salvage immunomodulation (2001)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease with a great diversity of clinical manifestations which is difficult to manage. IVIGs represent promising immunoregulatory agents with the ability to control SLE without subsequent predisposition to infectious complications. Despite the implied risk of developing renal failure due to IVIG, considerable beneficial effects on lupus nephritis are reported. In this review, the clinical and adverse effects, and mechanism of action, with special emphasis on modulation, of idiotypic network is discussed.
Novel Method of Plugging the Hole (2020)

Subretinal hAM graft transplantation can be a useful option in the repair of primary or refractory MHs not only for achieving anatomic closure but also for the accompanying visual improvement.
Colony stimulating factor 1 is required for mammary gland development during pregnancy. (1994)

The study of colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), a homodimeric serum growth factor that regulates mononuclear phagocytes and is involved in maternal-fetal interactions during pregnancy, was dramatically enhanced by the observation that the recessive mutation osteopetrosis, op, is an inactivating mutation in the CSF-1-encoding gene. Homozygous mutant (op/op) mice completely lack CSF-1, are osteopetrotic consequent to a deficiency in osteoclasts, have severely reduced numbers of macrophages, and have reduced fertility evident at the pre- and postimplantation stages of pregnancy. We show here that op/op females have a lactational defect, and consequently, although some are able to produce offspring, few nurture any pups and none feeds a full litter. This lactational defect is due to incomplete mammary gland ductal growth during pregnancy, a precocious development of the lobulo-alveolar system, and despite expression of milk proteins, a failure to switch to a lactational state. These data show that CSF-1 has a role in the development of the mammary gland during pregnancy.
Numerically nonreflecting boundary and interface conditions (1996)

Accurate nonreflecting or radiation boundary conditions are important for effective computation of aeroacoustic and compressible flow problems. The performance of such boundary conditions is often degraded upon discretization of the equations with finite-difference and time marching methods. In particular, poorly resolved, sawtooth, waves are generated at boundaries due to the dispersive nature of the finite difference approximation. These disturbances can lead to spurious self-sustained oscillations in the flow (self-forcing), poor convergence to steady state, and long time instability of the numerics. In the present work, exact discretely nonreflecting boundary closures (boundary conditions for a downwind artificial boundary and an upwind physical boundary) are derived by considering a one dimensional hyperbolic equation discretized with finite difference schemes and RungeKutta time advancements. The current methodology leads to stable local finite-difference-like boundary closures which are nonreflecting to an essentially arbitrarily high order of accuracy. These conditions can also be applied at interfaces where there is a discontinuity in the wave speed (a shock) or where there is an abrupt change in the grid spacing. Compared to other boundary treatments, the present boundary and interface conditions can reduce spurious reflected energy in the computational domain by many orders of magnitude.
Effect of NGF-2 on the survival of chick sensory ganglion neurons in vitro. (1991)

The biological activity of NGF-2, the third member of the NGF family, was investigated. Conditioned medium of COS cells transfected with expression plasmid for human NGF-2 cDNA promoted the survival of sensory neurons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and nodose ganglia (NG). Supernatant of mock transfected COS cells was less effective for the survival of DRG neurons and ineffective for the survival of NG neurons. These results suggest that NGF-2 is a novel neurotrophic factor whose biological activity is distinct from NGF.
Probing how initial retinal configuration controls photochemical dynamics in retinal proteins (2013)

The effects of the initial retinal configuration and the active isomerization coordinate on the photochemistry of retinal proteins (RPs) are assessed by comparing photochemical dynamics of two stable retinal ground state configurations (all-trans,15-anti vs. 13-cis,15-syn), within two RPs: Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and Anabaena Sensory Rhodopsin (ASR). Hyperspectral pump-probe spectroscopy shows that photochemistry starting from 13-cis retinal in both proteins is 3-10 times faster than when started in the all-trans state, suggesting that the hastening is ubiquitous to microbial RPs, regardless of their different biological functions and origin. This may also relate to the known disparity of photochemical rates between microbial RPs and visual pigments. Importance and possible underlying mechanisms are discussed as well.
Limit onIm(CSCA*)from a Test ofTInvariance inNe19Beta Decay (1983)

An investigation of the time-reversal-odd angular correlation $\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}(\stackrel{^}{J}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\frac{\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}}{E})$ in $^{19}\mathrm{Ne}$ $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay is reported. In this correlation, $\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}$, $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}$, and $E$ are the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ spin, momentum, and energy, respectively, and $\stackrel{^}{J}$ is the initial $^{19}\mathrm{Ne}$ spin. The sample was polarized by an atomic beam method and the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ polarization was measured with four Mott-scattering polarimeters. The magnitude $R$ of the angular correlation is found to be -0.079 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.053, consistent with timereversal invariance. This result also implies $\mathrm{Im}({C}_{S}{{C}_{A}}^{*})=0.19\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.13$.
D -Glucuronyl C5-epimerase suppresses small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo (2011)

The anti-tumour effects associated with ectopic GLCE re-expression suggest that it may be a potential tumour-suppressor gene and a possible target for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Acrylic Acids: Homologation of Artemisinic Acid and Subsequent Conversion to 9‐ Substituted Artemisinin Analogues. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Automated Fault Management in Wireless Networks (2009)

In the near future, several radio access technologies will coexist in Beyond 3G mobile networks (B3G) and they will be eventually transformed into one seamless global communication infrastructure. Selfmanaging systems (i.e. those that self-configure, self-protect, self-heal and self-optimize) are the solution to tackle the high complexity inherent to these networks. In this context, this chapter proposes a system for automated fault management in the Radio Access Network (RAN) of wireless systems. The chapter presents some basic definitions and describes how fault management is performed in current mobile communication networks. Some methods proposed for auto-diagnosis, which is the most complex task in fault management, are also discussed in this chapter. The presented systems incorporate Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to identify the cause of the network malfunction.
New Insights into the Mechanism of Inhibition of p53 by Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen (1999)

Simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (T antigen) has been shown to inhibit p53-dependent transcription by preventing p53 from binding to its cognate cis element. Data presented in this report provide the first direct functional evidence that T antigen, under certain conditions, may also repress p53-dependent transcription by a mechanism in which the transactivation domain of p53 is abrogated while DNA binding is unaffected. Specifically, p53 purified as a complex with T antigen from mouse cells was found to bind DNA as a transcriptionally inactive intact complex, while that purified from human cells was found to bind DNA independently of T antigen and could activate p53-dependent transcription. This difference in activity may be dependent on a different interaction of T antigen with mouse and human p53 and, in addition, on the presence of super T, which is found only in transformed rodent cells. These results suggest that subtle yet important differences exist between the inhibition of p53 by T antigen in mouse and human cells. The implications of this finding with respect to SV40-associated malignancies are discussed.