gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prodrug based optimal drug delivery via membrane transporter/receptor (2001)

The carrier-mediated absorption of drugs and prodrugs across epithelial and endothelial barriers is emerging as a novel trend in biotherapeutics. This review examines the important advances in this field in the past decade. The feasibility of drug absorption of the parent drug or the appropriately modified prodrug via these transporters is discussed in detail. Several successful examples of synthesis of prodrugs recognised by the targeted transporters are described. The applicability of this approach in translocating drugs across the almost impenetrable blood-brain barrier (BBB) has also been examined.
Can biotechnology contribute to the development of research and innovation smart specialization strategy (RIS3) in Central and East European countries? Reminiscences from the European Workshop (2018)

Abstract The paper presents main results and recommendations of the recent European Workshop dedicated to the evaluation of current state and prospects for Biotechnology with the attention to Central and European countries. The contribution of Biotechnology to the RIS3 strategy is also briefly presented. It is believed that there is still insufficient integration of research and innovation, especially in Central and Eastern European countries. Another problem is the weak interest and lack of mechanisms for the entry of potential investors into biotechnology capital–intensive areas. Series of proposals and recommendations coming from the Workshop on how to increase the regional cooperation in the field of Biotechnology is briefly described together with the potential role of international institutions (JRC-EC, CEI, ICGEB, EBTNA) in such cooperation.
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE KNORR-PAAL SYNTHESIS OF 2,5-DIALKYLPYRROLES (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFURTHER STUDIES ON THE KNORR-PAAL SYNTHESIS OF 2,5-DIALKYLPYRROLESNG. PH. BUU-HOÏ and NG. D. XUONGCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 7, 850–854Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01125a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01125a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views223Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
P1K-5 High Sensitivity Pressure Sensor in the range [0-100mTorr] based on Surface Acoustic Wave Device (2006)

In this paper, we present the first results of a new measurement method using SAW devices as pressure sensor. This method allowed us to reach a threshold precision better than one mTorr at low pressure. Sensibilities of 28 ppm/mTorr have been commonly achieved in the range [0-10 mTorr]. The stability and the repeatability of the measures have been checked. A patent is pending detailing the basic principles of the method. Thus only experimental results are presented here. A discussion about the industrial applicability of that new sensor concludes the paper
The acute effect of atrioventricular pacing on sympathetic nerve activity in patients with normal and depressed left ventricular function (2008)

Although modest elevations in pacing rate improve cardiac output and induce reflex sympathoinhibition, the threshold rate above which hemodynamic perturbations induce reflex sympathoexcitation remains unknown. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressures (MAP) and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) were measured during normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and atrioventricular (AV) sequential pacing in 25 patients. Pacing was performed at 100, 120, and 140 beats/min with an AV interval of 100 ms. Patients were divided into two groups based on normal or abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): group 1 (n = 11; mean LVEF, 55%) and group 2 (n = 14; mean LVEF, 31%). In group 1, relative to NSR, SBP decreased an average of 2%, 3%, and 8% at 100, 120, and 140 beats/min (P < 0.001), respectively. DBP and MAP increased 9%, 15%, and 15% (P = 0.001) and 3%, 6%, and 5% [P = not significant (NS)], respectively. In group 2, SBP reductions were even greater, with an average decrease of 4%, 8%, and 16% (P < 0.001). Whereas DBP increased 9%, 9%, and 8% at 100, 120, and 140 beats/min (P = NS), MAP increased 3% and 2% at 100 and 120 beats/min but decreased 3% at 140 beats/min (P = 0.001). SNA recordings were obtained in 11 patients (6 in group 1 and 5 in group 2). In group 1, SNA decreased during all rates, with a mean 21% reduction. In group 2, however, SNA decreased at 100 and 120 beats/min (49% and 38%) but increased 24% at 140 beats/min. Patients with depressed LVEF exhibited altered hemodynamic and sympathetic responses to rapid sequential pacing. The implications of these findings in device programming and arrhythmia rate control await future studies.
Effects of solar irradiation on thermally driven CO2 methanation using Ni/CeO2–based catalyst (2021)

Utilization of the renewable energy sources is one of the main challenges in the state-of-the-art technologies for CO2 recycling. Here we have taken advantage of the solar light harvesting in the thermocatalytic approach to carbon dioxide methanation. The large-surface-area Ni/CeO2 catalyst produced by a scalable low-cost method was characterized and tested in the dark and under solar light irradiation conditions. Light-assisted CO2 conversion experiments as well as in-situ DRIFT spectrometry, performed at different illumination intensities, have revealed a dual effect of the incident photons on the catalytic properties of the two-component Ni/CeO2 catalyst. On the one hand, absorbed photons induce a localized surface plasmon resonance in the Ni nanoparticles followed by dissipation of the heat to the oxide matrix. On the other hand, the illumination activates the photocatalytic properties of the CeO2 support, which leads to an increase in the concentration of the intermediates being precursor for methane production. Analysis of the methane production at different temperatures and illumination conditions has shown that the methanation reaction in our case is controlled by a photothermally-activated process. The used approach has allowed us to increase the reaction rate up to 2.4 times and consequently to decrease the power consumption by 20 % under solar illumination, thus replacing the conventional thermal activation of the reaction with a green energy source.
The 2012 Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics Summer School (2012)

The 2012 IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics Summer School was held from the 9th to the 15th of September in Alanya, Turkey, and brought together a select group of students, researchers, responders, manufacturers, and standards organization representatives for a week of learning, dissemination of challenges and best-in-class solutions, and networking. This event builds on a series of summer schools that started in Rome in 2004 and were significant in their combination of lectures, hands-on practicals, and networking opportunities, all carried out in one all-inclusive venue. In this paper, we report on the outcomes and novel aspects of the latest incarnation of this event.
Chemical degradation of aldicarb in water using ozone (1995)

Abstract The use of ozone to degrade aldicarb in water was investigated under different conditions. The oxidation develops through the direct attack of ozone since the presence of hydroxyl radical inhibitors, such as tert ‐butanol, does not affect the degradation rate of aldicarb. The combination of ozone with hydrogen peroxide does not improve the oxidation rate which also confirms the absence of radical reactions to eliminate aldicarb. However, TOC removal increases 51% in the presence of hydrogen peroxide after 65 min of oxidation. The oxidation rate is strongly affected by the type of device for feeding ozone, which indicates that a fast gas‐liquid reaction is taking place. Therefore, mass transfer and chemical reaction steps are important factors in the establishment of the global rate of oxidation. Application of kinetic equations derived from gas absorption theories allows the determination of the rate constant of the direct ozone–aldicarb reaction, which was found to be: k = 3·18 × 10 11 exp(–6000/ T ) m 3 mol −1 s −1 .
Multi-step parallel-strategy for estimating the remaining useful life of batteries (2017)

This paper aims to study the use of a multistep parallel-strategy (MSPS) for long-term estimation of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Various extreme learning machines (ELMs) including standard ELM, kernel ELMs and online sequential ELM (OS-ELM) are used along with the parallel strategy for multi-step prognosis. These multistep predictors are trained by means of constant current Li-ion battery datasets. The attained results present the effectiveness of these MSPS techniques in the long-term prediction of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Besides, the OS-ELM predictor outperforms other techniques in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) and the RUL estimation error.
ROLE OF FUNGAL SCLEROTIA IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS IN MAIZE (1988)

Sclerotia of Aspergillus flavus produced in preharvest maize are dispersed into soil with debris during combining. Overwintered sclerotia germinate sporogenically and produce yellow-green conidial heads. Germination occurred prior to the silking date for maize in southern Georgia. The presence of a maize canopy indirectly promotes germination via shading, so providing a microclimate at the soil surface with sufficient moisture. Soil micro-arthropods consume the conidia from germinated sclerotia, , dispersing inoculum throughout the soil. The aflavinines are major components of A. flavus sclerotia with substantial antifeedant activity against Carpophilus hemipterus (Nitidulidae), a detritivorous beetle that commonly encounters fungal sclerotia in crop residues.
Advances in metal oxide resist performance and production (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Inpria is a leader in the development of high-performance photoresist materials for EUV lithography. By design, these photoresists enable patterning at extremely small pitches, exhibit high EUV absorption to reduce the photon shot noise otherwise amplified in conventional resists, and provide high etch selectivity to provide a large process window. Such characteristics derive from the metal oxide molecular cluster composition of the resists and the small, highly homogeneous building blocks this chemistry enables. We will present recent advances to Inpria photoresist platforms which have resulted in improved RLS performance, process stability, and photospeed tunability. We demonstrate the patterning capabilities for specific use cases in logic and memory applications, including the performance after etch. For patterning on an NXE:3300, the materials deliver large process windows both for line/space features at 26nm pitch needed for logic metal patterning and for the 43nm pitch hex pillar arrays required for DRAM applications. Pilot-scale batches of Inpria’s resists are routinely produced on our production line. We will review our manufacturing facility and the capabilities of our formulation process scaled to support the production requirements of leading device manufacturers.
A Facile, General Synthesis of 3,4‐Difluoro‐6‐substituted‐2‐pyrones. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cell Turnover and Adult Tissue Homeostasis: From Humans to Planarians (2007)

Many fully developed metazoan tissues remain in a state of flux throughout life. During physiological cell turnover, older differentiated cells are typically eliminated by apoptosis and replaced by the division progeny of adult stem cells. Independently, each of these processes has been researched extensively, yet we know very little about how cell death and stem cell division are coordinated in adult organs. Freshwater planarians are an attractive model organism for research in this area. Not only do they undergo a very high rate of somatic cell turnover throughout life, but experimental tools are now available to study this process in vivo. Together, these attributes provide an opportunity to investigate the mechanisms, functions, and regulation of cell turnover in adult tissues.
Electrolyte suitable for use at elevated tremperatures and pressures (1973)

The paper describes the design and testing of an electrochemical cell container suitable for working at extremes in temperature and pressure. The cell electrolyte may be changed at any time with ease, the total volume of the system remaining constant, and it is therefore eminently suitable for 'closed' environments. The volume of the electrolyte and the number of electrodes within the cell can be varied readily. PTFE is used mainly as the material of construction.
On the distributions of ion/neutral molecule clusters in electrospray and laser spray—A cluster division model for the electrospray process (2006)

The clustering of a medium-sized, involatile, neutral molecule, octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (OG), with Na(+), Ca(2+), and Yb(3+) (M(z+)) ions in electrospray (ESI) was investigated using laser spray (LSI). Extensive distributions of [(M(z+))(i) (OG)(a)](n+)-clusters, extending beyond 50 kDa, were observed. The distributions were highly stable and reproducible and changed only marginally when concentrations of electrolyte or neutral compound were varied by orders of magnitude. Compared with ESI, laser spray yielded superior intensities, particularly of the larger clusters. The cluster distributions demonstrated a range of remarkable features. In particular, the Yb(3+)/OG cluster distribution was unusual. For example, no clusters with 35-52 or with 110-116 OG molecules were observed. The distribution pattern revealed that the clusters were formed as a result of cluster dissociations, such as [(Yb(3+))(3)(OG) ( approximately 110)W](9+) --> [(Yb(3+))(2)(OG)( approximately 90)W](6+) + [(Yb(3+))(1)(OG) ( approximately 20)W](3+), where W represents the water content at the time of dissociation. Based on this study, a cluster division model for electrospray of aqueous solutions of strongly solvated ions is proposed: the Rayleigh droplet disintegration process, which is well-established for the initial stages of electrospray, maintains its general character as it proceeds through a final regime of multiply charged cluster dissociations to the singly and multiply charged ions in mass spectrometry. In the dissociation of multiply charged clusters, the size of each daughter cluster is roughly proportional to the square of the cluster charge. Observed cluster distributions are consistent with a mixture of symmetric and asymmetric cluster dissociations.
Silver Lies, Golden Truths (2016)

Christine Ellis, Silver Lies, Golden Truths (Wakefield Press, 2015)Silver Lies, Golden Truths is a biography written by Christine Ellis about her grandfather, Reinhold (Jack) Schuster, a German migrant who lived out World War I and World War II in Broken Hill. Jack was born in 1885 in Saxony, Germany. In 1912 he found work as a trimmer on a steamship bound for Australia. When the ship docked in Perth, Jack was fed up with being confined to the boat and jumped overboard to swim ashore in order to explore Perth. While it is not known whether Jack intended to stay put or if he simply missed the ship once it moved on, thereafter he built a life for himself in outback Australia. Ellis knew she wanted to write her grandfather's story after hearing her mother's stories about him. She chose a narrative form for the biography because she 'wanted to write more than Jack's biography - [she] wanted to tell his story' (293).It is Jack as a person, rather than the events of Jack's life, that makes this biography an engaging read. Ellis highlights the fact that it is Jack's disposition that enabled him to endure two World Wars as a German in Broken Hill, and she constructs the narrative around Jack's demeanour: 'The Broken Hill legend of Jack Schuster began with Duke's account of his selflessness in helping the injured Italian and grew over the weeks with tales of the small man's strength and dogged hard work' (51). Jack lived in Broken Hill during a time when the community 'was so unwilling to accept its emerging multiculturalism' (57) and whose 'perceived acceptance of foreigners - provided they could speak English - did not extend to the Afghan cameleers who lived on the edge of town' (56).Jack earned the respect of the community despite the community's wariness towards foreigners and, during the wars, towards Germans in particular. The community was trapped between their love and respect of an individual and their hatred for that individual's race as a whole. When Jack, as a foreign alien, obediently registers himself as required at the local police station, he is not imprisoned as other Germans in the community are. In addition, Jack 'had quietly been given his job back at the British Mine, unlike many of the aliens along the line of lode' (87). Ellis's portrayal of how wellloved Jack was in the community suggests Jack's qualities as a person saved him from much suffering during the wars.Ellis tells the first half of the biography from Jack's perspective, but then shifts the narrative focus from Jack to one of Jack's beloved daughters, Maisie. …
Synthesis of a Finite Two‐terminal Network whose Driving‐point Impedance is a Prescribed Function of Frequency (1931)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, 1931
Robotic laboratory automation platform based on mobile agents for flexible clinical tests (2010)

In this research, we propose an innovative robotic platform for clinical tests suitable for small or medium sized laboratories. The proposed robotic platform, called “BioRobot platform”, is composed of multiple mobile agents which deliver microplates from one site to another in the platform, a miniature robotic arm, microplate loaders, photometry scanner or other testing devices, and an incubator where mobile agents reside depending on various tests. The BioRobot platform not only provides flexibility in tests by carrying out various clinical tests simultaneously through multiple mobile agents, but also increases productivity by having controllable throughput according to amount of tests. Also, to minimizes the delay time and provides parallel processing, the novel reduced idle time scheduling algorithm is implemented in the platform. The performance of the BioRobot platform is experimentally tested and its feasibility is validated.
SemEval-2013 Task 7: The Joint Student Response Analysis and 8th Recognizing Textual Entailment Challenge (2013)

We present the results of the Joint Student Response Analysis and 8th Recognizing Tex-tual Entailment Challenge, aiming to bring to-gether researchers in educational NLP tech-nology and textual entailment. The task of giving feedback on student answers requires semantic inference and therefore is related to recognizing textual entailment. Thus, we of-fered to the community a 5-way student re-sponse labeling task, as well as 3-way and 2-way RTE-style tasks on educational data. In addition, a partial entailment task was piloted. We present and compare results from 9 partic-ipating teams, and discuss future directions. 1
Switched-current system cells (2002)

Two styles of filter module, one based on the switched-current integrator and the other on the switched-current differentiator, are presented. Design methods for implementing filters with cascaded biquadratic sections using these modules are given. Two topologies for an elementary current memory cell having circuit properties advantageous to this design environment are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
GENETIC SELECTION FOR INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-1 IN GROWING MICE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED GROWTH (1988)

Substantial responses in the 6-week and mature body-weights of mice occurred after 7 generations of selection for or against plasma levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1). Plasma levels of IGF-1 were also significantly different after 7 generations of selection (high line = 85 +/- 2 ng/ml, low line = 58 +/- 2 ng/ml). The average 6-week weight in the line selected for high plasma IGF-1 was 22.5 +/- .2 g compared with 18.5 +/- .2 g in the low plasma IGF-1 line, after 7 generations of selection. The difference between lines was maintained at 20 weeks of age. These data provide further evidence for the roles of IGF-1 in the regulation of somatic growth and as a mediator of a genetic component of growth.
Sensing Enzymatic Activity by Exposure and Selection of DNA‐Encoded Probes (2016)

A sensing approach is applied to encode quantitative enzymatic activity information into DNA sequence populations. The method utilizes DNA-linked peptide substrates as activity probes. Signal detection involves chemical manipulation of a probe population downstream of sample exposure and application of purifying, selective pressure for enzyme products. Selection-induced changes in DNA abundance indicate sample activity. The detection of protein kinase, protease, and farnesyltransferase activities is demonstrated. The assays were employed to measure enzyme inhibition by small molecules and activity in cell lysates using parallel DNA sequencing or quantitative PCR. This strategy will allow the extensive infrastructure for genetic analysis to be applied to proteomic assays, which has a number of advantages in throughput, sensitivity, and sample multiplexing.
A High-Power Deep-UV Picosecond Laser (2017)

Toward the development of a high-power deep-ultraviolet picosecond laser, we report the features of a tested laser system and the experimentally observed relation between the fundamental-wave light source and the thermal effects during deep-ultraviolet wavelength conversion. The laser is expected to be operational at 266 nm for about 2000 h based on lifetime tests of 300 h at an average output of 10 W, pulse width of 9.8 ps, and repetition frequency of 200 kHz.
Experimental Use of Fluorescein for Visualization of Coronary Arteries (1989)

Intraoperative delineation of the coronary anatomy during coronary bypass operations is critical for suc cessful revascularization. Two tech niques utilizing fluorescein to en hance the visualization of the coro nary arteries were evaluated in a ca nine model. A previously described method using fluorescent cardiople gia to arrest the heart produced sub- optimal contrast. Excellent visualiza tion of the coronary circulation was obtained when the heart was arrested with crystalline cardioplegia and then reinjected with fluorescein cardiople gia.