gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Improvement of Surface Roughness of Marine Propeller by Continuous Control of Cutter Posture in 5-Axis Machining (2012)

A marine propeller is designed for preventing cavitation priority. Cavitation is a phenomenon which is defined as the vibration or noise by dropping the pressure on the high-speed rotation of the propeller. There has to be a enough thrust on the low-speed rotation for preventing cavitation. Thus, it has to be considered in the increasing of the number of blade and the angle of wing to design the propeller. In addition, flow resistance will be increasing by narrowing the width between blades. So high quality surface roughness of the hub to minimize flow resistance is required. Interference problems with tool and neighboring surfaces often take place from this kind of characteristics of the propeller. During 5-Axis machining of these propellers, the excessive local interference avoidance, necessary to avoid interference, leads to inconsistency of cutter posture, low quality of machined surface. Therefore, in order to increase the surface quality, it is necessary to minimize the cutter posture changes and create a continuous tool path while avoiding interference. This study, by using a MC-space algorithm for interference avoidance and a MB-spline algorithm for continuous control, is intended to create a 5-Axis machining tool path with excellent surface quality. Also, an effectiveness is confirmed through a verification manufacturing.
The silent mediator â when nothing is a good thing to say (2001)

Extract: The degree of miscommunication demonstrated within mediation meetings often reveals the level of misunderstanding between people and gives some indication of the problems that led to relationship breakdown. Among the most basic activities and skills of the mediator is reframing; helping people to communicate more accurately with each other and carefully choosing the most apt phrases in order to neutralise conflict.
On Strong Seismic Records in Down-hole Array and Seismic Response Analyses of Ground (1998)

Seismic records in down-hole array provide much of information on actual ground behaviors overa wide range of load conditions, especially for strong seismic motions of Level 2, which are important for the design of Ultimate Limit State. These records are used to identify the characteristicsof wave propagation in vertial direction as they affect the motion on ground surface significantly. The array records are also used to verify the numerical procedures for prediction of seismic motion of ground. Although this kind of verification has been proved effective for even middle level motions, itis found very difficult for the strong records near seismic source. Upon analyses of seismic records in Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake, it was recognized that the existence of surface waves in ground motion records raises the problem, that usually can't be treated properly in numerical procedures including no seismic source model. This fact should be considered with compensation for seismic resistance design, in which the ground motion is predicted by numerical procedures.
WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (a highly potent non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) elevates the threshold for maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice (2009)

The aim of this study was to determine the eff ect of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (a highly potent non-selective cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) on the threshold for maximal electroshock (MEST)-induced seizures in mice. Electroconvulsions were produced in mice by means of a current (sine-wave, 50 Hz, maximum 500 V, strength 4 - 14 mA, via ear-clip electrodes, 0.2-s stimulus duration, tonic hind limb extension taken as the endpoint). WIN 55,212-2 mesylate administered systemically (i.p.), 20 min before the MEST test, at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, did not alter the threshold for maximal electroconvulsions in mice. In contrast, WIN 55,212-2 mesylate at doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg signifi cantly elevated the threshold for maximal electroconvulsions in mice (P<0.05 and P<0.001). Linear regression analysis of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate doses and their corresponding threshold increases allowed for the determination of threshold increasing doses by 20% and 50% (TID 20 and TID 50 values) that elevate the threshold in drug-treated animals over the threshold in control animals. The experimentally derived TID 20 and TID 50 values for WIN 55,212-2 mesylate were 6.3 and 17.2 mg/kg, respectively. Based on this preclinical study, one can ascertain that WIN 55,212- 2 mesylate dose-dependently increased the threshold for MEST-induced seizures, suggesting the anticonvulsant action of the compound in this seizure model in mice.
Effects of Estrogen on Mitosis in Individual Cell Types of the Immature Rat Uterus1 (1979)

This study was initiated to determine the time course of estrogen action in individual uterine cell types of the immature rat uterus. Animals were treated with a single injection of estradiol-17β for various times and colchicine was administered 4 h prior to sacrifice. In the luminal epithelium, a peak of arrested mitoses was observed 24 h after hormone administration and represented ∿12% of the cell population. In contrast both the stroma and myometrium displayed a peak of arrested mitoses 36–48 h after hormone administration and the maximum value represented ∿1% of the total cell populations. These results indicate that the patterns of estrogen-induced cell division are quantitatively and qualitatively distinct in the different cell types of the immature rat uterus.
Structural Characteristics of Phosphoramide Derivatives as Urease Inhibitors. Requirements for Activity (2008)

Taking as a reference the structural characteristics of a set of compounds that act as jack bean ( Canavalia ensiformis) urease inhibitors, namely, phenylphosphorodiamidate (PPD), N- n-butylthiophosphorictriamide (NBPT), and N- n-butylphosphorictriamide (NBPTO), we have studied the structure-activity relationships of a series of phosphoramide derivatives for which the activity as urease inhibitors in both in vitro and in vivo assays is known. Molecular modeling studies were carried out, and the results highlighted the relevance of characteristics such as the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, the volume of the fragment involved in the enzyme interaction, and the degree of conformational freedom as well as the HOMO orbital and atomic orbital contributions to the HOMO orbital, electron density, and PEM distributions on the activity of these compounds as urease inhibitors. These data, along with the preliminary docking study carried out, allow us to propose a union mode to the active site of the enzyme for these compounds.
Novel Back-coated Glass Mirrors for the MAGIC Telescopes (2019)

The mirrors installed on Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes like the MAGIC telescopes in La Palma, Canary Islands, are constantly exposed to the harsh environment. They have to withstand wind-induced corrosion from dust and sand, changing temperatures, and rain. Because of the size of the telescope, protecting the structure with a dome is not practical. The current mirrors used in MAGIC are aluminum front-coated glass mirrors, covered by a thin quartz layer. But even with this protective layer, significant decrease in reflectivity can be seen on timescales of several years. The quartz layer is very delicate and can be easily scratched or damaged, which also makes cleaning the mirrors almost impossible. We have tested a novel design of glass mirrors that can be easily cleaned and should show almost no degradation in reflectivity due to environmental influences. The protective layer is a ultra-thin glass sheet which is back-coated with aluminum, making it possible to simply wipe the mirror with household cleaning tools. In this contribution we will present results from laboratory tests of reflectivity and focusing properties of prototype mirrors, as well as long-term tests on-site at the MAGIC telescopes. We will also outline plans for exchanging a large fraction of MAGIC mirrors with this novel design, guaranteeing a peak performance of MAGIC for the coming years.
Human yolk sac-like haematopoiesis generates RUNX1- and GFI1/1B-dependent blood and SOX17-positive endothelium (2020)

The genetic regulatory network controlling early fate choices during human blood cell development are not well understood. We used human pluripotent stem cell reporter lines to track the development of endothelial and haematopoietic populations in an <i>in vitro</i> model of human yolk-sac development. We identified SOX17<sup>-</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD43<sup>-</sup> endothelial cells at day 2 of blast colony development, as a haemangioblast-like branch point from which SOX17<sup>-</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD43<sup>+</sup> blood cells and SOX17<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD43<sup>-</sup> endothelium subsequently arose. Most human blood cell development was dependent on RUNX1. Deletion of <i>RUNX1</i> only permitted a single wave of yolk sac-like primitive erythropoiesis, but no yolk sac myelopoiesis or aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM)-like haematopoiesis. Blocking GFI1 and/or GFI1B activity with a small molecule inhibitor abrogated all blood cell development, even in cell lines with an intact <i>RUNX1</i> gene. Together, our data define the hierarchical requirements for RUNX1, GFI1 and/or GFI1B during early human haematopoiesis arising from a yolk sac-like SOX17-negative haemogenic endothelial intermediate.
BINDER CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION. VOLUME 1 (1994)

This final report, in four volumes, of Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Project A-002A describes intensive investigations of the chemical and physical properties of petroleum asphalts used in the construction of highway pavements. The emphasis in the chemical studies has been to measure and understand the various interactions among molecular species that contribute to a high molecular weight-like behavior that explains the rheological behavior of asphalt. In the measurement of physical properties primary emphasis was given to the characterization of rheological behavior, that is, viscoelastic behavior as a function of temperature and loading rate. The fracture (direct tension) behavior of asphalt cement was also investigated and limited studies were conducted on fatigue behavior and other miscellaneous physical properties. Correlation of chemical and physical properties to explain the nature of asphalt in terms of a self-consistent model has been another major effort, which in the main has been accomplished. The self-consistent description of petroleum asphalt has been used further to develop predictive capability for describing the anticipated performance of asphalts in roadways. The model and predictive capability constitute the major portion of volume 1.
IL1RAPL1 knockout mice show spine density decrease, learning deficiency, hyperactivity and reduced anxiety-like behaviours (2014)

IL-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1) is responsible for nonsyndromic intellectual disability and is associated with autism. IL1RAPL1 mediates excitatory synapse formation through trans-synaptic interaction with PTPδ. Here, we showed that the spine density of cortical neurons was significantly reduced in IL1RAPL1 knockout mice. The spatial reference and working memories and remote fear memory were mildly impaired in IL1RAPL1 knockout mice. Furthermore, the behavioural flexibility was slightly reduced in the T-maze test. Interestingly, the performance of IL1RAPL1 knockout mice in the rotarod test was significantly better than that of wild-type mice. Moreover, IL1RAPL1 knockout mice consistently exhibited high locomotor activity in all the tasks examined. In addition, open-space and height anxiety-like behaviours were decreased in IL1RAPL1 knockout mice. These results suggest that IL1RAPL1 ablation resulted in spine density decrease and affected not only learning but also behavioural flexibility, locomotor activity and anxiety.
Comparison of Commercial and Self-Initiated Weight Loss Programs in People With Prediabetes: A Randomized Control Trial (2016)

To determine if a widely available weight-management program (Weight Watchers) could achieve sufficient weight loss in persons with prediabetes compared with a Diabetes Prevention Program-based individual counseling program supported by National Diabetes Education Program materials.&#13;\nMETHODS:&#13;\n&#13;\nWe conducted an individual, randomized intervention trial in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2013 to 2014, in 225 persons with prediabetes. We compared the Weight Watchers weight-management program (n = 112) with Your Game Plan to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes, a program developed by the National Diabetes Education Program. Outcomes were weight and metabolic markers measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.&#13;\nRESULTS:&#13;\n&#13;\nIntervention participants lost significantly more weight than controls at 6 months (5.5% vs 0.8%) and 12 months (5.5% vs 0.2%; both P &lt; .001). The intervention group also had significantly greater improvements in hemoglobin A1c and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than did controls.&#13;\nCONCLUSIONS:&#13;\n&#13;\nA large weight-management program is effective for achieving lifestyle changes associated with diabetes prevention. Such programs could significantly increase the availability of diabetes prevention programs worldwide making an immediate and significant public health impact.
Learning to build visual categories from perception-action associations (2002)

In this paper we describe how a mobile robot can autonomously learn and "recognize" simple objects present somewhere in an indoor visual scene. The experiment involves transposing a classical conditioning experiment on a mobile robot. We propose the use of a selective attention mechanism to reduce the amount of computation involved by the complete image analysis. Objects are categorized according to their associated actions that are learned in accordance with a reward/punishment procedure. Our approach emphasizes the importance of a movement reflex mechanism based on the use of the same egocentric representation from the visual information to the motor output. Finally, we highlight the impact of information coding in self organised topological maps on the robot performances.
Initially Solidified Shell Growth of Hypo-peritectic Carbon Steel in Continuous Casting Mold (2020)

The occurrence of longitudinal surface cracks in hypo-peritectic carbon steel slabs depends largely on the cooling capacity of the mold and the flow velocity of molten steel below the meniscus. The influence of both flow velocity of the molten steel below the meniscus and the heat flux in the copper mold were examined using continuous casting tests and numerical simulation of the molten steel flow. The casting speed was fixed, and the meniscus flow velocity was controlled by adjusting the port size of the submerged entry nozzle. The molten steel flow velocity was predicted by a three-dimensional unsteady-state numerical simulation. Heat flux in the copper mold was calculated based on temperature readings from thermocouples arranged in the direction of both the mold width and mold length. When the difference in flow velocity of molten steel in the mold width direction became large, longitudinal surface cracks occurred in the central region of the slab. In these cases, the heat flux below the meniscus in the mold width direction was not constant. Small holes were drilled along the central region of the mold width. This decreased both the heat flux and tensile strength of the central region of the slab width, and successfully reduced the occurrence of longitudinal surface cracks.
Adaptive frequency weighting for fine-granularity-scalability (2002)

To compensate for the unpredictability and variability in bandwidth between sender and receiver(s) over the Internet, a new scalable coding tool has recently been introduced in MPEG-4: Fine-Granularity-Scalability (FGS). The FGS framework is very flexible and can adapt in real-time to the Internet bandwidth variations by supporting both SNR and temporal scalability through a single pre-encoded fine-granular stream. However, while FGS is very flexible, it has a lower coding efficiency than non-scalable MPEG-4 coding. To reduce this visual quality penalty at low and medium bit-rates, a subjective quality improvement tool has been introduced in MPEG-4, allowing the prioritized transmission of low frequency DCT coefficients that contribute more to the visual quality. This tool is termed Frequency Weighting (FW). In this paper, we propose a novel scene-characteristic-dependent adaptive FW method that considerably improves the visual quality of FGS at low bit-rates. First, a thorough analysis of the FGS enhancement layer is performed at various bit-rates. Based on this analysis, we concluded that for improved visual quality, different FW methods should be used depending on the video sequence characteristics. Subsequently, we developed an automatic FW matrix adaptation mechanism that measures the brightness, motion and texture activity of each sequence and selects an appropriate FW method for that sequence from a set of a priori determined FW classes. This adaptive FW method has been subjectively evaluated and showed a clear improvement in visual quality compared with non-frequency weighted or non-adaptive frequency weighted sequences.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Glycolytic Mechanism Regulating an Angiogenic Switch in Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from A Glycolytic Mechanism Regulating an Angiogenic Switch in Prostate Cancer
MicroRNA-142 Critically Regulates Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Homeostasis and Function (2021)

Innate lymphoid cells are central to the regulation of immunity at mucosal barrier sites, with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) being particularly important in type 2 immunity. In this study, we demonstrate that microRNA(miR)-142 plays a critical, cell-intrinsic role in the homeostasis and function of ILC2s. Mice deficient for miR-142 expression demonstrate an ILC2 progenitor-biased development in the bone marrow, and along with peripheral ILC2s at mucosal sites, these cells display a greatly altered phenotype based on surface marker expression. ILC2 proliferative and effector functions are severely dysfunctional following <i>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis</i> infection, revealing a critical role for miR-142 isoforms in ILC2-mediated immune responses. Mechanistically, <i>Socs1</i> and <i>Gfi1</i> expression are regulated by miR-142 isoforms in ILC2s, impacting ILC2 phenotypes as well as the proliferative and effector capacity of these cells. The identification of these novel pathways opens potential new avenues to modulate ILC2-dependent immune functions.
Fast Quantum Algorithm for Solving Multivariate Quadratic Equations (2019)

In August 2015 the cryptographic world was shaken by a sudden and surprising announcement by the US National Security Agency NSA concerning plans to transition to post-quantum algorithms. Since this announcement post-quantum cryptography has become a topic of primary interest for several standardization bodies. The transition from the currently deployed public-key algorithms to post-quantum algorithms has been found to be challenging in many aspects. In particular the problem of evaluating the quantum-bit security of such post-quantum cryptosystems remains vastly open. Of course this question is of primarily concern in the process of standardizing the post-quantum cryptosystems. In this paper we consider the quantum security of the problem of solving a system of {\it $m$ Boolean multivariate quadratic equations in $n$ variables} (\MQb); a central problem in post-quantum cryptography. When $n=m$, under a natural algebraic assumption, we present a Las-Vegas quantum algorithm solving \MQb{} that requires the evaluation of, on average, $O(2^{0.462n})$ quantum gates. To our knowledge this is the fastest algorithm for solving \MQb{}.
Orthogonal Coded Active Illumination for Millimeter Wave, Massive-MIMO Computational Imaging With Metasurface Antennas (2018)

Emerging metasurface antenna technology enables flexible and low cost massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging for applications such as personnel screening, weapon detection, reconnaissance, and remote sensing. This work proposes an orthogonal coded active illumination (OCAI) approach which utilizes simultaneous, mutually orthogonal coded transmit signals to illuminate the scene being imaged. It is shown that OCAI is robust to code amplitude and code phase imbalance introduced by imperfect transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) hardware, while also mitigating common impairments of low cost direct-conversion receivers, such as RX self-jamming and DC offsets. The coding gain offered by this approach improves imager signal to noise ratio performance by up to 15 dB using codes of symbol length 32. We present validation images of resolution targets and a human-scale mannequin, obtained with a custom massive-MIMO mmW imager having 24 simultaneous TXs and 72 simultaneous RXs operating in the K-band (17.5 GHz to 26.5 GHz). The imager leverages both spatial coding via frequency diverse metasurface antennas, and temporal coding via OCAI of the scene.
Magnetic Anisotropies of Nickel Films Evaporated and Measured at 10−8 mm Hg and Below (1961)

The magnetic anisotropies in evaporated polycrystalline nickel films have been measured with a torque magnetometer over a range of fields from 10 to 2000 oe. The films are deposited in a vacuum better than 10−8 mm Hg, and the measurements are carried out in the vacuum system at pressures below 10−9 mm. The magnitude of the induced uniaxial anisotropy has been measured as a function of temperature up to the Curie point of nickel (360°C), and the kinetics of the magnetic annealing process have been measured from room temperature to 200°C. The anisotropy Ku decreases roughly linearly with temperature above room temperature, reaching zero near the Curie temperature. If f is the fraction of the annealing process completed at a given temperature, we find that 1−f = exp(−t/τ)13, and 1/τ = 1/τ0 exp(−9000/RT).
Parallelized Stochastic Gradient Descent (2010)

With the increase in available data parallel machine learning has become an increasingly pressing problem. In this paper we present the first parallel stochastic gradient descent algorithm including a detailed analysis and experimental evidence. Unlike prior work on parallel optimization algorithms [5, 7] our variant comes with parallel acceleration guarantees and it poses no overly tight latency constraints, which might only be available in the multicore setting. Our analysis introduces a novel proof technique — contractive mappings to quantify the speed of convergence of parameter distributions to their asymptotic limits. As a side effect this answers the question of how quickly stochastic gradient descent algorithms reach the asymptotically normal regime [1, 8]. 1
Supplementary Figure Legend from Adult Stature and Risk of Cancer at Different Anatomic Sites in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 22KB, Legends for supplementary figures 1-5.&lt;/p&gt;