gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Framework for Multi-Objective Design Space Exploration and Optimization of Manycore Systems (2019)

The growing needs of emerging big data applications has posed significant challenges for the design of optimized manycore systems. Network-on-Chip (NoC) enables the integration of a large number of processing elements (PEs) in a single die. To design optimized manycore systems, we need to establish suitable trade-offs among multiple objectives including power, performance, and thermal. Therefore, we consider multi-objective design space exploration problems arising in the design of NoC-enabled manycore systems: placement of PEs and communication links to optimize two or more objectives (e.g., latency, energy, and throughput). Existing algorithms suffer from scalability and accuracy challenges as size of the design space and the number of objectives grow. In this paper, we propose a novel framework referred as Guided Design Space Exploration (Guided-DSE) that performs adaptive design space exploration using a data-driven model to improve the speed and accuracy of multi-objective design optimization process. We provide two concrete instantiations of guided-DSE and present results to show their efficacy for designing 3D heterogeneous manycore systems.
Conditioning planaria : device design based on an autonomous, large-scale parallel approach (2004)

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2004.
Improved Method for Purification of Human Escherichia Col I Heat-Stable Enterotoxin by Hydrophobic Interaction, Molecular-Sieve and High Performance Ion Exchange Chromatography (1983)

A heat-stable enterotoxin produced by human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli has been purified to homogeneity by hydrophobic interaction, molecular-sieve and high performance liquid chromatography with a recovery of 48%. The toxin is composed of 10 different amino acids with a total of 18 amino acid residues, one-third of which are half-cystine. Purified enterotoxin contains no carbohydrate and is biologically active in the suckling mouse test in 2.1-ng quantities. The molecule was heat-stable (80 degrees C, 20 min.) at pH 7 and pH 2 but lost biological activity at pH 12. Biological activity was lost when treated with the reducing agent dithiothreitol, suggesting that the presence of disulfide bridges is required for biological activity.
Organocatalytic Approach for Assembling Flavanones via a Cascade 1,4-Conjugate Addition/oxa-Michael Addition between Propargylamines with Water (2020)

A DBU-catalyzed one-pot cascade reaction of propargylamines and water for the synthesis of flavanones has been developed. This process proceeds via a sequence of 1,4-conjugate addition of water to alkynyl <i>o</i>-quinone methide (<i>o</i>-AQM), followed by the alkyne-allene isomerization and subsequent intramolecular <i>oxa</i>-Michael addition. This strategy provides a convenient method for accessing a broad range of flavanones in good to excellent yields with good functional-group tolerance, in particular, the reactive halo functional groups.
Complement regulator CD46 temporally regulates cytokine production by conventional and unconventional T cells (2010)

In this study we demonstrate a new form of immunoregulation: engagement on CD4(+) T cells of the complement regulator CD46 promoted the effector potential of T helper type 1 cells (T(H)1 cells), but as interleukin 2 (IL-2) accumulated, it switched cells toward a regulatory phenotype, attenuating IL-2 production via the transcriptional regulator ICER/CREM and upregulating IL-10 after interaction of the CD46 tail with the serine-threonine kinase SPAK. Activated CD4(+) T cells produced CD46 ligands, and blocking CD46 inhibited IL-10 production. Furthermore, CD4(+) T cells in rheumatoid arthritis failed to switch, consequently producing excessive interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Finally, gammadelta T cells, which rarely produce IL-10, expressed an alternative CD46 isoform and were unable to switch. Nonetheless, coengagement of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) gammadelta and CD46 suppressed effector cytokine production, establishing that CD46 uses distinct mechanisms to regulate different T cell subsets during an immune response.
Recent Applications of Polymeric Biomaterials and Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2014)

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies could offer new hope for patients with serious tissue injuries or end-stage organ failure. Scientists are now applying the principles of cell transplantation, material science, and engineering to create biological substitutes that can restore and maintain normal function in diseased or injured tissues/organs. Specifically, creation of engineered tissue construct requires a polymeric biomaterial scaffold that serves as a cell carrier, which would provide structural support until native tissue forms in vivo. Even though the requirements for scaffolds may be different depending on the target applications, a general function of scaffolds that need to be fulfilled is biodegradability, biological and mechanical properties, and temporal structural integrity. The scaffold's internal architecture should also enhance the permeability of nutrients and neovascularization. In addition, the stem cell field is advancing, and new discoveries in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine will lead to new therapeutic strategies. Although use of stem cells is still in the research phase, some therapies arising from tissue engineering endeavors that make use of autologous adult cells have already entered the clinic. This review discusses these tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies for various tissues and organs.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) for headache prophylaxis: initial experience (2013)

Neurostimulation is of increasing interest in headache therapy. Invasive neurostimulation methods were found effective in drug-refractory headaches. There is a need for non invasive therapies that could be justified in less disabled patients. Previous case reports suggested that internal Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) might be effective in headache prevention [1-3].
Gaa1p and Gpi8p Are Components of a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Transamidase That Mediates Attachment of GPI to Proteins (2000)

Many eukaryotic cell surface proteins are anchored to the membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). The GPI is attached to proteins that have a GPI attachment signal peptide at the carboxyl terminus. The GPI attachment signal peptide is replaced by a preassembled GPI in the endoplasmic reticulum by a transamidation reaction through the formation of a carbonyl intermediate. GPI transamidase is a key enzyme of this posttranslational modification. Here we report that Gaa1p and Gpi8p are components of a GPI transamidase. To determine a role of Gaa1p we disrupted a GAA1/GPAA1 gene in mouse F9 cells by homologous recombination. GAA1 knockout cells were defective in the formation of carbonyl intermediates between precursor proteins and transamidase as determined by an in vitro GPI-anchoring assay. We also show that cysteine and histidine residues of Gpi8p, which are conserved in members of a cysteine protease family, are essential for generation of a carbonyl intermediate. This result suggests that Gpi8p is a catalytic component that cleaves the GPI attachment signal peptide. Moreover, Gaa1p and Gpi8p are associated with each other. Therefore, Gaa1p and Gpi8p constitute a GPI transamidase and cooperate in generating a carbonyl intermediate, a prerequisite for GPI attachment.
Plant maintenance support system by augmented reality (2003)

We propose a color-video-based augmented reality (AR) system designed for maintenance crews of plant equipment. The system superimposes visual guidance and instruction (e.g., the procedures, real time values of the system parameters, and the plans) upon real video images of the devices. It is a completely stand-alone system. The user downloads the necessary data of the target device from the databases, and uses this system in front of the device. Instead of image recognition, the system calculates accurate alignment of annotation and the device in real time by calculating the camera pose based on the captured relative positions of three square green markings on the target device. We evaluate a prototype system.
Cobalt disilicide interconnects for micromechanical devices (1996)

A focused ion beam system working with ions has been used to produce interconnects by means of ion beam synthesis. The capability of maskless patterning of the focused ion beam, its large depth of focus and the possibility of a dynamic focus control allow the fabrication of interconnects in three-dimensional devices with this method. Investigations have been performed using polycrystalline, amorphous and single-crystalline silicon substrates. The influence of implantation dose has been studied, the electrical resistance and thermal stability of the interconnects has been measured. For room temperature implantation and annealing at for 1 h resistivities between 34 and have been obtained for the various substrate materials. The interconnects have been found to be thermally stable up to . In order to demonstrate this method interconnection lines have been fabricated on the sloped walls of deep anisotropically etched grooves .
The Role of the Independent Variable to Glucose Sensor Calibration (2003)

In vivo subcutaneous glucose sensor accuracy depends on the calibration method. Sensor accuracy was assessed during standard oral glucose tolerance tests in six non-diabetic subjects each wearing six subcutaneous glucose sensors (Medtronic MiniMed). Paired blood glucose (B(G)) and sensor current readings were used for retrospective sensor calibration using either B(G) or sensor current as the independent variable. Sensor accuracy after calibration was assessed using three criteria: linear regression between B(G) and sensor glucose (S(G)); correlation; and mean absolute difference (MAD), defined as 100 x |B(G) - S(G)|/B(G). Calibration with B(G) as the independent variable resulted in unbiased estimates of regression slope (1.02, not different than 1, p< 0.01) and y-intercept (-1.06 mg/dL, not different than 0, p< 0.01). In contrast, calibration with sensor current as the independent variable resulted in biased estimates of slope (0.76, different than 1, p< 0.01) and y-intercept (31.25 mg/dL, different than 0, p< 0.01). However, with sensor current as the independent variable, the MAD was lower than the corresponding value for calibration with B(G) at the x-axis (15.00 +/- 0.47% vs. 18.35 +/- 0.63%, p< 0.01). The Pearson correlation coefficient between B(G) and S(G) was higher when using sensor current as the independent variable (R = 0.82 vs. R = 0.79 when using glucose on the x-axis). We suggest that despite the fact that calibration with sensor current as the independent variable leads to a bias in the estimate of B(G), it is a more appropriate calibration method when the primary concern is minimization of the MAD between S(G) and B(G).
Interactive Substring Retrieval (MultiText Experiments for TREC-5). (1996)

Queries for TREC-5 were formulated in the GCL query language using an interactive system that showed short passages containing relevant terms. Solutions to the queries were ranked by the shortest substring method introduced at TREC-4, resulting in good precision/recall performance in the adhoc and routing tasks. Performance results were found to be insensitive to a document length normalization adjustment. Shortest substring ranking was augmented by the use of a progression of successively weaker queries to improve recall, but this augmentation provided only a slight improvement to overall retrieval effectiveness. 1 Introduction For TREC-5, the MultiText Project focused on the development of interaction methods for query creation and refinement using a ranking technique introduced at TREC-4. In the MultiText system, ranking is based entirely on term proximity, with queries expressed in a boolean subset of the general structured text retrieval language GCL [3, 4, 5]. In the GCL query l...
Magnetic resonance fingerprinting with dictionary‐based fat and water separation (DBFW MRF): A multi‐component approach (2018)

The DBFW MRF technique can successfully provide T<sub>1</sub> and fat fraction quantification in under 20 s per slice, intrinsically correcting T<sub>1</sub> biases typical of fast Dixon techniques. These features could improve the diagnostic quality and use of images in presence of fat.
Macrophage Induced Effect of Particulate Silica on Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells <i>In Vitro</i> (2008)

The role of silica and macrophages in fibrosis is well documented, but in bone formation it is relatively unknown despite decades of research with bioactive glasses. In this study macrophages were isolated from rat peritoneal and then cultured for five days in the presence of two types of silica microparticles with different solubilities. After the fifth day the culture medium was collected, purified and used as an additive in bone marrow derived rat stem cell cultures. The stem cells were cultured for five days in α-mem containing only 0,5% of FCS, enabling cell survival but disrupting their proliferation. As controls, stem cells were also cultured in α-mem containing silica microparticles. At days one and five the amount of soluble collagen was assayed from the culture medium and the cells were counted. All stem cell cultures with macrophage medium additives were found to be proliferative, with statistically significant difference to controls. However, collagen was only produced in cultures containing medium from macrophages cultured with fast-dissolving silica microparticles. This suggests that silica can induce cell proliferation and extra cellular matrix protein secretion which is mediated by macrophages, and that the solubility of silica is also a major factor in this reaction.
Feature consistency-based model adaptation in session-to-session classification: A study using motor imagery of swallow EEG signals (2013)

The performance degradation for session to session classification in brain computer interface is a critical problem. This paper proposes a novel method for model adaptation based on motor imagery of swallow EEG signal for dysphagia rehabilitation. A small amount of calibration testing data is utilized to select the model catering for test data. The features of the training and calibration testing data are firstly clustered and each cluster is labeled by the dominant label of the training data. The cluster with the minimum impurity is selected and the number of features consistent with the cluster label are calculated for both training and calibration testing data. Finally, the training model with the maximum number of consistent features is selected. Experiments conducted on motor imagery of swallow EEG data achieved an average accuracy of 74.29% and 72.64% with model adaptation for Laplacian derivates of power features and wavelet features, respectively. Further, an average accuracy increase of 2.9% is achieved with model adaptation using wavelet features, in comparison with that achieved without model adaptation, which is significant at 5% significance level as demonstrated in the statistical test.
Illumination and some of its fundamental considerations (1919)

(Associate Member): Mr. Tinson's paper is undoubtedly a valuable one, inasmuch as it treats a subject which I believe has never been even touched on before by this Institute, important though it is to all electrical engineers, and, may I say, to architects also.
Presynaptic influence on the time course of fast excitatory synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal cells (1995)

Since the lifetime of synaptically released glutamate is thought to be very brief, reflecting diffusion and glutamate uptake, the decay of synaptic currents is thought to represent the average elementary lifetime of a receptor channel bound only once by transmitter molecules. We show here that the decay of evoked non-NMDA synaptic currents can reflect presynaptic factors, in particular, the prolonged action of transmitter at postsynaptic receptors under conditions of enhanced transmitter release. We show that diffusion, high-affinity glutamate uptake, and non-NMDA receptor desensitization are insufficiently rapid to limit the decays of evoked synaptic currents to those of miniature synaptic currents in microcultures of rat hippocampal cells. Our results are consistent with recent studies suggesting that during evoked release, multiple glutamate quanta can interact with overlapping postsynaptic receptor domains.
Welcher Patient erlebt eine 15-Jahres-Kontrolle seiner Hüfttotalprothese? Untersuchung von Demographie und Outcome (2003)

Fragestellung: Studien zeigen, dass das Alter der 15 oder 20 Jahre postop. untersuchten Patienten deutlich unter dem des Durchschnittskollektives liegt. Andererseits ist bei jüngeren und aktiven Patienten eine höhere Revisionsrate bekannt. Wen können wir also 15 Jahre nach der Implantation einer Hüfttotalprothese noch untersuchen? Den jüngeren und körperlich aktiven Patienten oder den alten mit dem geringen Anspruch an das Implantat?
Lactate Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Induces Bone Pain in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2018)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) poses a significant challenge clinically, as it can invade facial bones and cause bone pain that is undertreated and poorly understood. Here we studied HNSCC bone pain (HNSCC-BP) in an intratibial mouse xenograft model that uses a human HNSCC cell line (SAS cells). These mice develop HNSCC-BP associated with an upregulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2), which is a molecular indicator of neuron excitation in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of sensory nerve cell bodies. Our experiments demonstrated that the inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) by short hairpin (shRNA) transduction suppressed the HNSCC-BP, the lactate level in bone marrow, and the pERK1/2 expression in DRG. The sensory nerves also expressed increased levels of the acid-sensing receptor TRPV1. DRG neurons co-cultured with SAS cells showed increased neurite outgrowth, and were inhibited by MCT4 silencing with shRNA. Collectively, our results show that HNSCC induced an acidic bone microenvironment that evokes HNSCC-BP via MCT4 expression.
Rotavirus vaccine response correlates with the infant gut microbiota composition in Pakistan (2017)

Rotavirus (RV) is the leading cause of diarrhea-related death in children worldwide and ninety-five percent of rotavirus deaths occur in Africa and Asia. Rotavirus vaccines (RVV) can dramatically reduce RV deaths, but have low efficacy in low-income settings where they are most needed. The intestinal microbiome may contribute to this decreased RVV efficacy. This pilot study hypothesizes that infants' intestinal microbiota composition correlates with RVV immune responses and that RVV responders have different gut microbiota as compared to non-responders. We conducted a nested, matched case-control study comparing the pre-vaccination intestinal microbiota composition between 10 6-week old Pakistani RVV-responders, 10 6-week old Pakistani RVV non-responders, and 10 healthy Dutch infants. RVV response was defined as an Immunoglobulin A of ≥20 IU/mL following Rotarix™(RV1) vaccination in an infant with a pre-vaccination IgA<20. Infants were matched in a 1:1 ratio using ranked variables: RV1 dosing schedule (6/10/14; 6/10; or 10/14 weeks), RV season, delivery mode, delivery place, breastfeeding practices, age and gender. Fecal microbiota analysis was performed using a highly reproducible phylogenetic microarray. RV1 response correlated with a higher relative abundance of bacteria belonging to Clostridium cluster XI and Proteobacteria, including bacteria related to Serratia and Escherichia coli. Remarkably, abundance of these Proteobacteria was also significantly higher in Dutch infants when compared to RV1-non-responders in Pakistan. This small but carefully matched study showed the intestinal microbiota composition to correlate with RV1 seroconversion in Pakistan infants, identifying signatures shared with healthy Dutch infants.
Apoptosis of human gastric adenocarcinoma cells induced by β-ionone (2004)

beta-ionone can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. However, the mechanism needs to be further investigated.
Durability of base course construction using lime stabilized fly ash and flue gas desulfurization sludge by-product (1996)

Fourteen coal-fired power plants in the Ohio Valley totaling 13,500 MW`s use the magnesium-enhanced lime flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubbing process. The discharge of these scrubbers is an aqueous slurry of water containing magnesium and calcium sulfites, and solid particles of calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate. Most of these plants dewater the FGD sludge and mix the 35--45% solids cake with coal fly ash and/or bottom ash and pulverized quicklime to cause a cementitious chemical reaction. This type of pozzolanic and hydration reaction can be described as lime reacting with alumina from the fly ash which in turn react with the calcium sulfite and sulfate FGD waste to form ettringite minerals. With a proper mix design and compaction, the resulting material can be used in a beneficial application as a roller compacted FGD base course (RCFGD) for pavement construction. The mix design procedure for RCFGD is described; it includes extra fly ash and lime materials than that used for landfill disposal to yield additional strength and durability. RCFGD was produced in a portable pug mill and placed trying several at a 10,000 sq. ft. cattle feedlot. Mix design criteria and factors affecting strength and durability are discussed. Results of unconfinedmore » compression tests as well as of durability tests are reviewed.« less
Anticancer therapy: boosting the bang of Bim (2008)

Even though activating mutations of B-Raf, a kinase atop the MAPK signaling cascade, reportedly sensitize tumor cells to MEK inhibitors, Raf and MEK inhibitors have exhibited limited clinical activity. In this issue of the JCI, Cragg et al. report that MEK inhibition upregulates the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bim but induces little regression of human melanoma xenografts in mice unless the Bcl-2 antagonist ABT-737 is added (see the related article beginning on page 3651). These findings illustrate the potential benefit of simultaneously inhibiting oncogenic kinases and inhibiting Bcl-2 action in solid tumors.
Stereospecific Reactions Leading to Allylboronic Esters Within Acyclic Systems Bearing Distant Stereocenters (2020)

The preparation of acyclic molecules featuring congested stereocenters in a 1,4-relationship in only three catalytic steps from commercially available building blocks is reported. This approach involves a diastereoselective dibora- tion of alkenyl cyclopropyl methanol derivatives followed by a regioselective exergonic ring fragmentation. The starting materials can be prepared enantiomerically enriched and all substituents can be interconverted, therefore, this strategy allows a large variety of diversely functionalized allylboronic esters possessing distant tetrasubstituted stereocenters with high diastereoselectivity