gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How would you like to be rewarded? Relating the Big-Five personality traits with reward contingency in a cognitive training puzzle game (2016)

Rewards in serious games have had a long and at times contentious history about their effect on intrinsic motivation, with contradictory findings about whether they are detrimental to intrinsic motivation or not. While recent research suggests that rewards can be beneficial, the effect of reward contingency on motivation is still unclear. The link between player personality and different motivations to play games, and the differing reward preferences arising from the different motivations suggests that personality could moderate the effect of a reward contingency on intrinsic motivation. Knowing this effect could help in better leveraging rewards to make motivating serious games. Two studies, therefore, were conducted to investigate the relationship between personality and reward contingency. In Study 1, 60 participants played a block-matching puzzle game that can train executive functions, with each participant randomly assigned to one of three conditions: performance-contingent rewards, which gave rewards after achieving a specific performance level, task-contingent rewards, which gave rewards simply for completing a task, and no reward condition. Big Five personality traits values of the participants were assessed and related to their intrinsic motivation and performance using a linear regression model. A different combination of the five traits significantly predicted motivation and performance in each condition, with the performance-contingent condition yielding significantly higher enjoyment and performance than the other conditions. The efficacy of the linear model was tested in a follow-up Study 2, where 30 participants played the same puzzle game, with half the participants given performance-contingent rewards, and the other half being assigned a reward contingency that would maximize their intrinsic motivation and performance based on the model obtained in Study 1. Enjoyment and competence subscales of intrinsic motivation, and performance, were significantly higher in the group that received a personality-based contingency as compared to the one that always received performance-contingent rewards. The present study highlights the role of personality in moderating the effect of different reward contingencies on motivation and performance, and could explain the contradictory findings of existing research. The results demonstrate that serious games can be made more motivating and performance-oriented by using appropriately chosen reward contingency.
Real- Time Location based Augmented Reality Advertising Platform (2020)

Augmented Reality (AR) is growing rapidly and is becoming more mature and robust technology, combining virtual information with a real-time performance environment. Most of the Augmented reality applications available today & popular because of the interactive virtual objects placed in the real environment. For education, navigation, tourism & many sectors use this technology due to clear understand of real objects appear as it is as virtual objects, in front of you. Like that, the Marketing sector also uses AR technology to brand themselves interactively. Most of them are marker-based AR applications which the virtual contents are showing when the AR camera directs to a target such as paper advertisement. On other hand marker-less AR advertising applications are developed for individual businesses from AR supported plugins, apps rare to see & as unique published app. From this research, I proposed a real-time marker-less augmented reality platform, streaming & showcasing virtual marketing assets in front of shops for common business use. The main objective of this research is to develop a real-time location-based Augmented Reality platform to improve marketing & sales aspects of businesses. The users can easily find the exact location of the shop though AR objects. This novel marketing concept engages more customers to business and enhances the usability of AR application among users though easy to access on their selling products. The users can use app in native platforms(both android & IOS) and ready to access interactive virtual 3D objects with animation as marketing materials placed in front of shops. This platform solved the existing problems of location-based AR application which are interactivity of AR & adequately perform as real-time platform extract data from a live real-time server & show the locations through AR camera.
Use of Very High Water-Vapor Pressures to Evaluate Candidate Compositions for Environmental Barrier Coatings (2005)

Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are used to protect Si-based ceramics from accelerated oxidation and volatilization in the presence of elevated water-vapor pressures at high temperatures and high gas velocities. Previously, an analysis based on mass flux of volatilized species has shown that operating at very high H2O pressures can be used to compensate for the low gas velocities found in many laboratory exposure facilities so as to conduct first-stage screening of EBC compositions for volatility resistance. To test this prediction experimentally, a high-temperature furnace was modified to accommodate gas pressures of up to 20 atm and bulk specimens of barium-strontium aluminosilicate (BSAS), barium aluminosilicate (BAS), and strontium aluminosilicate (SAS), silica (SiO2), and silicon carbide (SiC) were exposed at 1250°C in 90% H2O-10% air. This set of materials provided an adequate spread in susceptibility to volatilization to evaluate the proposed approach because BSAS, BAS, and SAS are significantly more volatilization resistant in water-bearing environments than SiO2 and Si-bearing ceramics (such as SiC) that form silica under these conditions. The gravimetric results provided clear trends in volatilization resistance. The three aluminosilicates exhibited similar kinetic behavior and had significantly lower rates of mass losses than the SiO2 and SiC. These findings provided the experimental proof-of-principle for using high-pressure, low-gas-velocity exposures for qualitative differentiation of degrees of volatilization resistance among different candidate materials being developed for EBC applications.
Marine Karst Environment Characterization Using Jointly Seismic Imaging, Marine ERT and Geotechnical Data (2020)

Summary Marine calcareous environments during aerial phase may become highly heterogeneous. The dissolution can form karst systems characterized by sinkholes and caves. Marine geophysical explorations of such soils prior to building projects should include several methods, such as seismic imaging and electric resistivity tomography, largely used on terrestrial studies. Our study focused on a marine renewable energy site off Saint-Nazaire (France), where the substratum is mainly formed of fractured calcarenite lying on dolomitic sands. Seismic imaging was used jointly with marine ERT (MERT) and the data were compared to geotechnical measurements performed on boreholes. The seismic data had limited penetration due to the high reflectivity of the substratum, whereas MERT was able to detect possible dissolution areas where conductive saturated sediment filling was identified. The MERT profiles fit quite well with the geotechnical data except between 0 and 10m below seabed. The difference was explained by the connected fractures and dissolution pockets only visible at the MERT scale. Using MERT and geotechnical conductivities in a simple electrical model of the soil, we could estimate the volume of connected fractures in the upper fractured calcarenite layer, which volume exceeds 10-15% of the total volume.
Performance analysis of a multiple-access ring network (1993)

The authors model the delay-throughput performance of a class of multiple-access circuit-switched ring local area networks that allow multiple messages to be transferred concurrently on the ring. In particular, they model analytically the PLAYTHROUGH protocol under assumptions of uniform and symmetric traffic, infinite buffers, and a first-in, first-out (FIFO) queueing discipline at each station to predict message mean waiting times that adequately approximate waiting times observed through simulation. The queue is analyzed at an arbitrary station as a M/G/1 vacation system having a Bernoulli schedule with parameter p. Expressions for the vacation duration and p are derived in terms of service times and competing traffic intensities on PLAYTHROUGH rings. The vacation period is modeled as a series of subvacations because the server is allowed to take multiple subvacations when the queue is nonempty. Application of this modeling strategy is shown to provide good agreement between analytical predictions and simulation results. The performance of this class of networks is compared with that of token rings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Multiple chirp sparse frequency LFM ladar signals (2009)

We show through numerical modeling that the range resolution of a multi-band, sparse frequency CW-LFM chirped signal has an effective bandwidth related to the modulation bandwidth and the band frequency offsets of all bands. The range resolution predicted from the effective bandwidth of our sparse CW-LFM signal is comparable to that of standard continuous bandwidth CW-LFM signals. We also discuss unique issues that arise from the use of sparse frequency CWLFM chirped signals, such as ambiguity and peak to side-lobe ratio fluctuations, and how they are related to the multiple frequency components of the signal.
An application of unified reference picture list for motion-compensated video compression (2016)

Modern video compression standards rely on motion-compensated prediction from multiple reference pictures. In past standardisation efforts following the introduction of bidirectional prediction, reference pictures were typically signalled in two independent lists, used for forward- and backward-prediction. Modern video coding standards, such as H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding or High Efficiency Video Coding, extend this concept by removing the separation between preceding and succeeding reference pictures, and allow reference frames to be included in the two lists regardless of their temporal index. Therefore, the principle of using two separate lists can be considered obsolete. This paper evaluates an alternative concept, using a single, unified reference picture list. This alternative list, called “list unified” or LU, reduces reference picture signalling, while all functionalities for motion-compensated prediction using multiple references are preserved. Evaluation shows competitive video coding efficiency compared to the usage of two lists, with the advantage of simplified bitstream parsing and much improved reference picture flexibility.
‘Maple leaf up’ (2017)

This chapter examines the participation of Canadian Armed Forces members in the Nijmegen March, a four-day event occurring each July in the Netherlands. Although the Nijmegen event is generally seen as a secular celebration, i.e. an endurance athletic event for civil and military participants, it can also be considered as a military pilgrimage because of the way in which it is structured and framed. By transporting them to hallowed battlefields and military cemeteries, the Canadian military encourages the young personnel selected for the march to read themselves into an ongoing narrative of national pride and service. The sheer physicality of marching 40 kilometers a day for four days allows the marchers to embrace the military ethos of shared hardship and camaraderie and to vicariously identify with the honoured war dead who have made far greater sacrifices. Drawing on interviews with five participants in the 2014 Nijmegen March and scholarship on war grave pilgrimage, the chapter argues that the Nijmegen March is a pilgrimage since it is a transformative experience that connects young soldiers with sacred places and persons from Canada’s past.
<title>Multiscale representations for face recognition</title> (2001)

Automatic face recognition algorithms have the potential to impact several applications including surveillance, human augmentation, multimedia indexing and retrieval, and authentication. In this paper, a technique to retrieve images by visual appearance similarity is applied to the problem of face recognition. The framework for representing and computing similarity is based on the design and use of multi-scale Gaussian differential features (MGDFs) as appearance features. In the first part of this paper, the relevance of MGDFs as appearance features and an algorithm to deduce global similarity is developed. In the second part of this paper, multi-scale representations are applied to face recognition. Results from experiments on standard test collections tested in this paper indicate that at least 96% recognition accuracy is obtained, and when compared with other techniques, the MGDF based representation yields comparable or better results. The MGDF based technique is very general; it was originally developed for global appearance similarity retrieval in heterogeneous images, and has been applied to retrieve similar textures, trademarks, binary shapes and heterogeneous gray-level collections.
Image warping with scattered data interpolation (1995)

Discusses a new approach to image warping based on scattered data interpolation methods which provides smooth deformations with easily controllable behavior. A new, efficient deformation algorithm underlies the method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The EXCESS MICROSPOROCYTES1 gene encodes a putative leucine-rich repeat receptor protein kinase that controls somatic and reproductive cell fates in the Arabidopsis anther (2002)

Cell differentiation is essential for the development of multicellular organisms. In flowering plants, the haploid male gametophytes (pollen grains) are generated in the anther from reproductive cells called microsporocytes. Several types of somatic cells ensure successful pollen development, and thus reproduction. However, it is not clear what genes regulate the differentiation of these diverse, highly specialized cells in the anther. We report here the isolation and characterization of a novel Arabidopsis thaliana male sterile mutant, excess microsporocytes1 (ems1), that produces excess microsporocytes, lacks tapetal cells, and abnormally maintains middle layer cells. Although the meiotic nuclear division in the ems1 mutant is normal, the microsporocytes do not undergo cytokinesis, resulting in failed microsporogenesis and male sterility. The EMS1 gene encodes a putative leucine-rich repeat receptor protein kinase (LRR-RPK), and its expression is associated with the differentiation of the microsporocytes and tapetal cells, suggesting that EMS1 mediates signals that control the fate of reproductive cells and their contiguous somatic cells.
Genetics, biochemistry and structure of the archaeal virus STIV (2009)

STIV (Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus) has been the subject of detailed structural, genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and biochemical studies. STIV arguably has been investigated in more detail than any other archaeal virus. As a result, we know more about STIV than other viruses infecting members of the Archaea domain. Like most viruses isolated from crenarchaeal hosts, STIV has little in common with viruses that infect eukaryotic and bacterial hosts and should be considered the founding member of a new virus family. However, despite this lack of obvious homology with other viruses, STIV has components of gene content, replication strategy and particle structure reminiscent of viruses of the Eukarya and Bacteria domains, suggesting an evolutionary relationship between viruses from all domains of life. The present mini-review describes the current knowledge of this virus and insights it has given us into viral and cellular evolution, as well as newly developed tools for the further study of STIV-host interactions.
Voltage-gated calcium currents in human dorsal root ganglion neurons (2021)

Voltage-gated calcium channels in sensory neurons underlie processes ranging from neurotransmitter release to gene expression and remain a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. Yet virtually all we know about voltage-gated calcium channels has been obtained through the study of rodent sensory neurons and heterologously expressed channels. To address this, high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ currents in dissociated human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were characterized with whole-cell patch clamp techniques. The HVA currents from both species shared basic biophysical and pharmacological properties. However, HVA currents in human neurons differed from those in the rat in at least 3 potentially important ways: (1) Ca2+ current density was significantly smaller, (2) the proportion of nifedipine-sensitive currents was far greater, and (3) a subpopulation of human neurons displayed relatively large constitutive current inhibition. These results highlight the need to for the study of native proteins in their native environment before initiating costly clinical trials.
Epidemiology of osteoarthritis: an update (2006)

Several risk factors for progression are emerging, many of which are impairments or pathology in the local joint organ environment. This shift in focus relates in part to the concept that local risk factors might ultimately be targeted to delay osteoarthritis progression or to enhance the effect of a disease-modifying drug.
Respiratory Drug Delivery (1989) (2018)

The focus of this book is on subjects related to drug delivery to the lung. The text spans topics from aerosol deposition through pharmaceutical chemistry and formulation to the final clinical evaluation of pharmaceutical products. Utilizing a multi-disciplinary approach, the chapters consider toxicology from the point of view of drugs and pharmaceutical excipients used in aerosols.
Supplemental Materials and Methods from Penfluridol Represses Integrin Expression in Breast Cancer through Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and Downregulation of Sp Transcription Factors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Data from A Pharmacodynamic Study of Rapamycin in Men with Intermediate- to High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Given discrepancies between preclinical and clinical observations of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition in prostate cancer, we sought to determine the pharmacodynamic effects of the mTOR/TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin in men with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Rapamycin was given at 3 or 6 mg orally for 14 days before radical prostatectomy in men with multifocal Gleason sum ≥7 prostate cancer; 10 untreated control subjects were included. The primary outcome was inhibition of phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 in posttreatment radical prostatectomy versus pretreatment biopsy tumor tissue, evaluated using a Simon two-stage design for pharmacodynamic efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Thirty-two subjects were accrued: 20 at 3 mg, 2 at 6 mg, and 10 controls. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed at 3 mg; however, two of two men enrolled at 6 mg experienced dose-limiting toxicities including thrombocytopenia and fever with grade 3 stomatitis. Adverse events observed at 3 mg included stomatitis, rash, ileus, and neutropenia. Pharmacodynamic studies showed tumor S6 phosphorylation inhibition in 50% of 10 evaluable rapamycin-treated men with sufficient paired tissue [median 58% inhibition (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.049) versus 2% inhibition in controls (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.75)] with no significant effect on AKT activity. We observed no change in Ki-67 or caspase-3 cleavage but noted a reduction in cytoplasmic p27 staining with increased nuclear localization with rapamycin treatment. Prostate tissue rapamycin concentrations were 3- to 4-fold higher than blood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; At 3 mg daily, rapamycin successfully and safely inhibited prostate cancer S6 phosphorylation and achieved relatively high prostate tissue concentrations. No effect on AKT phosphorylation, tumor proliferation, or apoptosis was observed. Clin Cancer Res; 16(11); 3057–66. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Stable, compact terahertz ATR time-domain spectroscopy apparatus for quantitative solute measurements and real-time monitoring (2021)

We developed a stable, compact, terahertz attenuated total reflected (ATR) spectrometer using an integrated prism, which unifies a terahertz emitter, a terahertz detector, and an ATR prism. Because the prism confines terahertz wave propagation within it and shortens the terahertz path length, our spectrometer has the following two advantages: 1) because water vapor does not disturb the terahertz wave propagation, a high-quality terahertz spectrum is obtained even without a nitrogen purge, and 2) the shorter propagation length provides distinct stability and compact features. To verify our spectrometer's stability, we successively measured water absorption for 9 days and found the relative error to be &plusmn;3%. We also provide three distinctive examples by adapting our spectrometer. The first is the quantitative measurement of a solute. We determined the detection limit of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> to be 0.21% using the calibration curve of the refractive index. The second example is monitoring fermentation. Because terahertz absorption is a useful, new indicator against the potential of hydrogen (pH) as a standard indicator, we confirmed that the absorption reduction agreed with the pH during the fermentation of milk to yogurt by our prism for 1 day. The third is the observation of a crystal transition. The transition process of theophylline anhydrate to hydrate was measured on the prism because of the sensitivity of terahertz to the crystal and our spectrometer's stability. Therefore, our apparatus has potential application to different types of new quantitative measurements and real-time monitoring.
Stirring and mixing effects on oscillations and inhomogeneities in the minimal bromate oscillator (1999)

Stirring and mixing effects on the oscillations and inhomogeneities in the bromate–bromide–cerous system (minimal bromate oscillator) have been investigated in a continuously fed stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A movable microelectrode is used to monitor the inhomogeneities inside the CSTR in an oscillating phase. The results are explained in terms of the theory of imperfect mixing.