gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
F<inf>0</inf> range and peak alignment across speakers and emotions (2011)

We present an analysis of F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> range and peak alignment in emotional speech from a heterogeneous group of speakers varying in age and gender. Both speaker and emotion had a strong effect on F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> range. Despite these large changes in the F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> trajectory, peak alignment was remarkably stable. Using the Linear Alignment Model (LAM), we show that the effects on alignment of emotion and speaker differences, al though statistically significant, are small. This stability results in a conclusion that peak alignment, unlike F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> range, does not appear to carry much information about speaker identity or emotional state. The LAM is effective in that it explains 42% of the variance in peak location on average, and furthermore it predicts the time of F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> peaks with an average RMS error of 12ms.
Tamoxifen bei männlicher Infertilität*: Analyse einer fragwürdigen Therapie (2008)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
La microfiltration sur membrane et ses applications potentielles en brasserie (microfiltration tangentielle) (1999)

National audience
Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Congenital Clubfoot (2022)

Idiopathic congenital clubfoot is the most common serious musculoskeletal birth defect in the United States and the world. The natural history of the deformity is to persist into adult life with a significant decrease in function and quality of life. The Ponseti method (serial casting, Achilles tenotomy, and bracing of the clubfoot) has become the most effective and accepted treatment of children born with clubfoot worldwide. The treatment is successful, particularly when the Ponseti-trained practitioner (often a pediatric orthopedic surgeon), the primary care clinician, and the family work together to facilitate success. An important factor in the ultimate success of the Ponseti method is parental understanding of the bracing phase. There is a very high rate of recurrent deformity when bracing is not done properly or is stopped prematurely. The importance of positive education and support for the parents to complete the entire treatment protocol cannot be overstated. The goal of treatment is a deformity-free, functional, comfortable foot. Ponseti clubfoot programs have been launched in most countries throughout the world, including many countries with limited resources. Ultimately, the goal is that every infant born with a clubfoot will have access to care with the Ponseti method. This clinical report is intended for medical practitioners who are involved in the care of pediatric patients with clubfoot. Understanding the standard of care will help these practitioners to care for patients and their families.
Integrins mediate adhesion to agrin and modulate agrin signaling (1997)

Agrin, a basal lamina-associated proteoglycan, is a crucial nerve-derived organizer of postsynaptic differentiation at the skeletal neuromuscular junction. Because integrins serve as cellular receptors for many basal lamina components, we asked whether agrin interacts with integrins. Agrin-induced aggregation of acetylcholine receptors on cultured myotubes was completely blocked by antibodies to the beta1 integrin subunit and partially blocked by antibodies to the alpha(v) integrin subunit. Agrin-induced clustering was also inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides to alpha(v) and a peptide that blocks the alpha(v) binding site. Non-muscle cells that expressed alpha(v) and beta1 integrin subunits adhered to immobilized agrin, and this adhesion was blocked by anti-alpha(v) and anti-beta1 antibodies. Integrin alpha(v)-negative cells that did not adhere to agrin were rendered adherent by introduction of alpha(v). Together, these results implicate integrins, including alpha(v)beta1, as components or modulators of agrin's signal transduction pathway.
Structural heterogeneity induced plasticity in bulk metallic glasses: From well-relaxed fragile glass to metal-like behavior (2013)

To reveal the structural origin responsible for the sharp change of the fracture mode on the as-cast and thermally-relaxed status, we use nanomechanical testing to measure the stresses for the onset of plasticity of a metallic glass and develop a stochastic statistical model, which can be used to characterize structural heterogeneity (defect density and strength) inside the metallic glass. Our experiments and calculations found that, with increasing the structural relaxation, the defect density drops by two orders of magnitude. Correspondingly, the fracture of metallic glasses changes from a significantly plastic (metal-like) mode to an extremely brittle (fragile glass) one.
Composite grafts: an alternative to saphenous vein for lower extremity arterial reconstruction. (1983)

In the absence of adequate saphenous vein for femoral-popliteal/infrapopliteal bypass grafts, composite grafts constructed with PTFE (Gore-tex) and short segments of autogenous tissue were utilized. The composite grafts (208 cases) were compared to plain PTFE (Gore-tex) grafts (235 cases) and to the literature results reported for saphenous vein grafts (2,108 cases) in limb salvage situations. Evaluation using life table analysis with followup extending to 63 months indicates composite grafts yielded favorable results when compared to the "gold standard" of saphenous vein and superior results to plain PTFE (Gore-tex) grafts for infrapopliteal bypass. A combined, dual center approach was chosen to enhance significance by expanding the number of patients evaluated and extending the period of followup from earlier studies reported separately from each center.
Leveraging probabilistic segmentation to document clustering (2015)

In this paper a novel approach to document clustering has been introduced by defining a representative-based document similarity model that performs probabilistic segmentation of documents into chunks. The frequently occuring chunks that are considered as representatives of the document set, may represent phrases or stem of true words. The representative based document similarity model, containing a term-document matrix with respect to the representatives, is a compact representation of the vector space model that improves quality of document clustering over traditional methods.
Induction of myelin basic protein-specific experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice: Mapping of T cell epitopes and T cell receptor V? gene segment usage (1996)

Early studies of murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced with myelin basic protein (MBP) divide various mouse strains into either "susceptible" or "resistant" phenotypes. Resistance is defined as lack of encephalitogenic responses after active immunization or adoptive transfer. It is now becoming clear that this unresponsiveness is not due to the inability of T cells to recognize MBP in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene products. Using various manipulations, many laboratories are able to induce severe EAE in these strains. We previously reported that a combination of adoptive transfer and subsequent challenge of the recipients with MBP could overcome the resistance in many mouse strains (Shaw et al.: J Neuroimmunol 39:139-150, 1992). This approach now enables us to identify the encephalitogenic epitope and T cell receptor V beta usage in a prototype strain, C57BL/6 (B6). Pepsin-digested MBP fragments first located a major T cell epitope in a polypeptide containing residues 44-88. Overlapping synthetic peptides narrowed this epitope to p60-80. Truncated peptides from the carboxyl- or amino-terminus further mapped a minimal peptide to p67-76. This encephalitogenic epitope appears to be unique to B6 mice. Independent encephalitogenic T cell clones specific for this epitope were also generated. Of six such clones analyzed, five different TCR V beta's were found. Whether unbiased usage of encephalitogenic TCR V beta gene segments in B6 mice is related to its EAE resistant phenotype is not clear at this point.
Molecular Determinants of Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 Covalent Modification by a Photoaffinity Probe (2008)

Mass spectroscopy, microsequencing, and site-directed mutagenesis studies have been performed to identify in human matrix metalloelastase (hMMP-12) residues covalently modified by a photoaffinity probe, previously shown to be able to covalently label specifically the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Results obtained led us to conclude that photoactivation of this probe in complex with hMMP-12 affects a single residue in human MMP-12, Lys(241), through covalent modification of its side chain epsilon NH(2) group. Because x-ray and NMR studies of hMMP-12 indicate that Lys(241) side chain is highly flexible, our data reveal the existence of particular Lys(241) side-chain conformation in which the epsilon NH(2) group points toward the photolabile group of the probe, an event explaining the high levels of cross-linking yield between hMMP-12 and the probe. Lys(241) is not conserved in MMPs, thus differences in cross-linking yields observed with this probe between MMP members may be linked to the residue variability observed at position 241 in this family.
Transition of partial discharge inception voltage under high humidity for enameled rectangular wires (2013)

In recent years, the miniaturization and greater power output of motors for EVs and HEVs have led to the higher drive voltages and the increased adoption of rectangular wire in coils (higher volume ratio). In order to ensure that the motor is electrically insulated, it is necessary to restrict partial discharges between coil wires, and to do this, it is important to reduce the potential difference between wires resulting from the operation of the inverter and to ensure that the coil wire has the proper coating thickness. However, the measurement of partial discharges between wires results in variability in the measured values depending on the environment and methods, which is a problem for the stringently controlled design of motor insulation. To clarify the factors affecting the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) between wires as well as the mechanism, the effect of ambient humidity, pre-discharge conditions on the PDIV between wires was analyzed using rectangular wire with a coating thickness of 40 μm and 160 μm. As a result, it was confirmed that when a pre-discharge is performed in a high-humidity environment, transient characteristics were displayed in which PDIV momentarily decreased and then increased. We performed discharge observations and electric field analysis. The results showed that in high-humidity environments, the pre-discharge causes moisture to adhere to the coating surface, resulting in the increase in surface conductivity, which influences the electric field strength in the air gap.
Control of the Crystal Phase in Fe/Si Films by Using Thin Film Zone Melting Crystallization (2009)

For the development of a new solar cell material, b-iron silicide (b-FeS2) films were fabricated by using the following two techniques involving the thin film Zone Melting Crystallization (ZMC) method. First, b-FeSi2 was formed by post-annealing ZMC films composed of a-FeSi2. The phase transition from a-FeSi2 to b-FeSi2 was induced by the post-annealing and promoted with Cu. Second, b-FeSi2 was directly formed from the melt without post-annealing by adjusting the power of upper and lower heaters in the ZMC. Results showed that (1) crystal phase of the Fe/Si films could be controlled by adjusting the power of each heater in the ZMC, (2) Cu promoted formation of b-FeSi2 from amorphous in addition to promoting phase transition from a-FeSi2 to b-FeSi2, and (3) crystal phase of ZMC films depended on the dispersion of Cu in the films.
Continuous association of Escherichia coli single-stranded DNA binding protein with stable complexes of recA protein and single-stranded DNA (1986)

The single-stranded DNA binding protein of Escherichia coli (SSB) stimulates recA protein promoted DNA strand exchange reactions by promoting and stabilizing the interaction between recA protein and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Utilizing the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of SSB, an ATP-dependent interaction has been detected between SSB and recA-ssDNA complexes. This interaction is continuous for periods exceeding 1 h under conditions that are optimal for DNA strand exchange. Our data suggest that this interaction does not involve significant displacement of recA protein in the complex by SSB when ATP is present. The properties of this interaction are consistent with the properties of SSB-stabilized recA-ssDNA complexes determined by other methods. The data are incompatible with models in which SSB is displaced after functioning transiently in the formation of recA-ssDNA complexes. A continuous association of SSB with recA-ssDNA complexes may therefore be an important feature of the mechanism by which SSB stimulates recA protein promoted reactions.
Development of a Mineral Scale Inhibitor (1961)

The expense attributable to scaling in oil producing operations totals many millions of dollars annually. Causes of precipitation and deposition are fairly well understood but better methods of control are needed. In order to evaluate chemical scale inhibitor components, a laboratory testing device was designed. Performance of sequestrants, surface active agents, colloids, and mixed compounds in the laboratory tester are discussed. Polyphosphates and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose proved effective for calcium carbonate scale and calcium sulfate scale, respectively. Results of tests made over a period of several years led to the development of an inhibitor composition that is capable of inhibiting both carbonate and sulfate scales. The inhibitor is now in field use. 5.8.2, 3.2.3, 8.4.3
The Comparison of Black Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Tapes by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography (1988)

Abstract Pyrolysis capillary gas chromatography (Py-GC) was used to compare thirty black polyvinylchloride (PVC) tapes. A 0.5-mm square of tape (about 25 μg) was found to be an adequate sample size. Tests of within-roll homogeneity showed sufficiently consistent pyrogram patterns throughout to allow correct matches to be made. Twenty-six of the tapes gave pyrograms which were easily distinguishable from all the others. Fragments of tape recovered after the detonation of four improvised explosive devises were matched to the appropriate tape standards by Py-GC even when the fragments were partially burned.
Interaction of microtubule depolymerizing agent indanocine with different human αβ tubulin isotypes (2018)

Tubulin isotypes are known to regulate the stability and dynamics of microtubules, and are also involved in the development of resistance against microtubule-targeted cancer drugs. Indanocine, a potent microtubule depolymerizing agent, is highly active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells without affecting normal cells. It is known to disrupt microtubule dynamics in cells and induce apoptotic cell death. Indanocine is reported to bind to tubulin at the colchicine site i.e. at the interface of αβ tubulin heterodimer. However, it's precise binding mode, involved molecular interactions and the binding affinities with different αβ-tubulin isotypes present in MDR cells are not well understood. Here, the binding affinities of human αβ-tubulin isotypes with indanocine were examined, employing the molecular modeling approach i.e. docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding energy calculations. Multiple sequence analysis suggests that the amino acid sequences are different in the indanocine binding pockets of βI, βIIa, βIII and βVI isotypes. However, such differences are not observed in the amino acid sequences of βIVa, βIVb, and βV tubulin isotypes at indanocine binding pockets. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation results show that indanocine prefers the interface binding pocket of αβIIa, αβIII, αβIVb, αβV, and αβVI tubulin isotypes; whereas it is expelled from the interface binding pocket of αβIVa and αβI-tubulin isotypes. Further, binding free energy calculations show that αβVI has the highest binding affinity and αβI has the lowest binding affinity for indanocine among all β-tubulin isotypes. The binding free energy decreases in the order of αβVI > αβIVb > αβIIa > αβIII > αβV > αβIVa > αβI. Thus, our study provides a significant understanding of involved molecular interactions of indanocine with tubulin isotypes, which may help to design potent indanocine analogues for specific tubulin isotypes in MDR cells in future.
Thermal Ring-Opening Polymerization of [2.2]Paracyclophanes Having Two Disilanylene Bridges (1997)

Novel disilanylene-bridged paracyclophanes, (SiR2SiR2−C6F4)2, were prepared by the reactions of the corresponding 1,2-dichlorodisilanes with 1,4-dilithiotetrafluorobenzene. Thermolysis of the paracyclophanes at 300 °C gave the corresponding poly(disilanylene-1,4-phenylene) species, (SiR2SiR2−C6F4)n, via homolytic Si−Si bond cleavage.
Dual wavelength photon sieves (2008)

Photon sieves (PSs) are diffractive lenses with an array of pinholes that are capable of focusing light with either short, visible, or long wavelengths. PSs were fabricated using electron-beam lithography to pattern opaque silver films on a glass substrate (3 mm diam, 51.7 mm focal length). The size and spacing of pinholes was varied to create single and dual-wavelength PSs to focus 500 and/or 600 nm light, and the pinholes for the dual wavelength design were arranged in sectors, concentric with one another, or randomly. Single wavelength PSs produced focused images of a 100 µm source aperture with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ~100 µm and high relative intensities at the design wavelength. Chromatic aberration resulted in no focused image and very low intensities when monochromatic light was 100 nm from the designed wavelength. Dual wavelength PSs produced focused images of the 100 µm source aperture with FWHMs of ~100 µm but lower relative intensities at both design wavelengths of 500 and 600 nm. The background “secondary maxima” were higher for dual wavelength designs, especially when the PS was illuminated by white light. The FWHM was smaller and the intensities higher for the random or concentric dual wavelength designs as compared to the sector design.
Ultrasonic Guided Wave NDT for Hidden Corrosion Detection (1998)

Abstract An experimental study of hidden corrosion detection by using ultrasonic guided waves is presented combined with a BEM numerical simulation. Both corrosion simulation specimens by machine cutting and real corrosion specimens by electrochemical processing were used in the investigation, with a range of corrosion depths from 0.02 to 0.4 mm (1.5 to 20% of the original plate thickness). Various wave modes were subsequently generated on these specimens to examine the implications of thinning on mode cutoff, group velocity, and transmission and reflection amplitudes. The transmission and reflection of guided waves upon entering the corrosion zone were simulated by a hybrid BEM calculation that combines a normal mode expansion technique of Lamb waves for far fields with the boundary element representation for the scattered near fields. A quantitative technique for hidden corrosion depth with guided waves is developed based on a frequency compensation concept. The estimated depth of the real corrosion by this method shows good agreement with that by an optical microscope.
Two-photon imaging of localized optical fields in the vicinity of silver nanowires using a scanning near-field optical microscope (2009)

We report a near-field two-photon excitation imaging technique for silver nanostructures to visualize optical fields in the vicinity of nanostructures. We have found that the excitation image of an isolated wire shows an oscillating feature along the long axis of the wire. The period of the oscillation is in good agreement with that of plasmon wavefunctions resonant with the excitation light. The oscillation was thus attributed to the resonant plasmon wavefunction. We also found that bundles of wires exhibit more intense photoluminescence signals than do isolated wires, particularly at junctions between wire ends and the shafts of other wires, which was attributed to the amplified optical fields at the ends of nanowires or interstitial gaps between the wires. We discuss the mechanism of the photoluminescence from silver nanowires. The photoluminescence is most probably attributed to emission from the oxidized surface layer of the silver nanowires, which is enhanced in resonance with plasmons on the wires.
Condition Evaluation of Concrete Bridges Relative to Reinforcement Corrosion Volume 5: Methods for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Penetrating Sealers (1992)

An electrical resistance method and a surface absorption method for the evaluation of penetrating sealers for portland cement concrete for bridge structures were tested in the laboratory and in the field. Both methods are nondestructive, rapid, and can be used on horizontal and vetical surfaces. Laboratory results are comaparable to the AASHTO T259 or NCHRP 244 Series II tests. Field results were generally successful, but hot or cold temperature made it difficult to perform the tests. Further information about evaluating the field performance of penetrating sealants was obtained by surveying the highway agencies in the United States and in Canada.
Bio-inspired design of antimicrobial synergistic mixtures (2014)

Microbial infections are becoming more common and more severe while the development of new antimicrobials stagnates. Antimicrobial potential of aromatic plants has been recognized since antiquity and is mainly attributed to their chemically diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [1 – 2]. Inspired by plant defenses, we undertook to look for antimicrobial mixtures encompassing VOCs. Initially, thirty two essential oils (EOs) were analysed by GC/MS and NMR and their antimicrobial activity was measured on several bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. The objectives were to find antimicrobial oils, to understand their antimicrobial potential, to study their mode of action, and eventually discover synergistic antimicrobial preparations. For example, Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. EOs were antibacterial (MIC Staphylococcus aureus 64 – 128 µg/ml) while their main components α-pinene, α-cedrol and δ-3-carene were inactive (MIC > 512 µg/ml). A synthetic essential oil was reconstituted mixing these compounds. This synthetic EO showed some activity (MIC 256 µg/ml) suggesting a synergy between the EO components. It was also found that Hirtellina lobelii (DC.) Dittrich EO, rich in α-bisabolol, was antifungal by disrupting fungal membrane and ultimately lysing cells (Fig. 1). We hypothesized that this EO could increase drug cell penetration, and interestingly, it demonstrated synergistic interactions with antifungal drugs, more particularly with fluconazole and griseofulvin (FICI 0.2 – 0.3). In topical applications, these combinations would reduce the possible side effects of current therapies by decreasing the dose of drug and the amount of EO. Altogether, these results lead us to believe that plant defense arsenal can inspire alternative ways of addressing the societal issue of multi-drug resistant infections.