gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viral coat protein is targeted to, but does not gate, plasmodesmata during cell‐to‐cell movement of potato virus X (1996)

The coat protein (CP) of potato virus X was localized immunocytochemically in infected leaves of susceptible Nicotiana species and shown to be targeted to the central cavity of plasmodesmata in virus‐infected cells. A viral deletion mutant, in which the CP gene was replaced with the gene for the green fluorescent protein (GFP), was restricted to single, inoculated cells. However, movement of the mutant virus was rescued on transgenic plants constitutively expressing the CP gene, and the CP was again targeted to plasmodesmata. The CP was not localized to plasmodesmata in uninfected transgenic plants and, in contrast to the plasmodesmata of PVX‐infected cells, the plasmodesmata of the transgenic plants did not allow the passage of 10 kDa fluorescent dextrans. We propose that the CP is not involved in plasmodesmal gating per se , but is necessary for transport of the viral RNA to, and possibly through, plasmodesmata.
Ternary neural networks for resource-efficient AI applications (2017)

The computation and storage requirements for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are usually high. This issue limits their deployability on ubiquitous computing devices such as smart phones, wearables and autonomous drones. In this paper, we propose ternary neural networks (TNNs) in order to make deep learning more resource-efficient. We train these TNNs using a teacher-student approach based on a novel, layer-wise greedy methodology. Thanks to our two-stage training procedure, the teacher network is still able to use state-of-the-art methods such as dropout and batch normalization to increase accuracy and reduce training time. Using only ternary weights and activations, the student ternary network learns to mimic the behavior of its teacher network without using any multiplication. Unlike its {-1,1} binary counterparts, a ternary neural network inherently prunes the smaller weights by setting them to zero during training. This makes them sparser and thus more energy-efficient. We design a purpose-built hardware architecture for TNNs and implement it on FPGA and ASIC. We evaluate TNNs on several benchmark datasets and demonstrate up to 3.1 × better energy efficiency with respect to the state of the art while also improving accuracy.
Município - Prestação de contas - Educação (1980)

Tribunal de Contas da União
Cancer Interception (2011)

A common perception is that cancer risk reduction is passive, such as not smoking. However, advances in the understanding of cancer biology and in cancer treatment modalities suggest that it is now timely to consider anew cancer risk reduction by active, including pharmacologic, approaches. Risk avoidance approaches are certainly important, but other approaches are important as well, as exemplified by the irony that most new lung cancers occur in former smokers, or current avoiders. Cancer interception is the active way of combating cancer and carcinogenesis at earlier and earlier stages. A great challenge is to educate people that the development of cancers, like heart disease, typically takes years and accordingly can potentially be intercepted with risk-reducing agents in the same way that advanced cancers can be treated with drugs or that cardiovascular disease can be intercepted with antihypertensive and other risk-reducing drugs. The cancer biology behind cancer interception is increasingly solid. For example, hedgehog pathway studies of mutations in the patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) gene, which constitutively activates Smoothened (SMO), led to development of an oral SMO inhibitor active in advanced basal cell carcinoma and which, in very high-risk Gorlin syndrome patients (germ line PTCH1 mutation), is nearly completely clinically effective in intercepting basal cell neoplasia. Also, the oral immunomodulator lenalidomide, first found to be active in advanced, relapsed multiple myeloma, was highly effective in intercepting the precursor stage, high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma from progressing. These are but two exciting, recent examples of the many advances in cancer research that have created an optimal time to discover and implement cancer interception. The multifaceted roles of telomere maintenance in both fueling advanced cancers and, at early stages, keeping them at bay, also highlight how the growing knowledge of cancer biology opens avenues for cancer interception. Emerging molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing platforms, that account for a large part of the remarkable recent advances in cancer biology are now being applied to interception of premalignancy. Keeping the medical community and public at large informed about possibilities for actively intercepting cancer will be important for gaining acceptance of this increasingly powerful approach to lessening the cancer burden.
Remote Sensing the Wave over the Eastern China Sea with HF Radar (2002)

HF Radar can be employed to routine monitor ocean surface parameters such as wave, wind field and surface current velocity for marine purposes. This paper describes the application of the high- frequency ground-wave radar OSMAR2000 developed by Wuhan University in measuring the surface condition over Eastern China Sea in October 2000. The preliminary waveheight and Wave spectrum estimated from the collected data are outlined and compared with the ship-recorded results. The wave information can be provided out to a range of 80 or 120 kilometres. The mean difference of waveheight is 0.323m and waveperiod is measured within 0.3s, the agreements are fairly good, the feasibility of the inversion algorithm and ocean state real-time sensing capability of OSMAR2000 are demonstrated.
A finite-difference frequency domain solver for quasi-TEM applications (2018)

A finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) solver applicable to quasi-TEM applications is defined. The FDFD solver is applicable to a wide variety of transmission line structures where the cross-sectional dimensions govern the frequency range over which the quasi-TEM approximation is valid. The quasi-TEM FDFD solver provides an efficient solution for conductor current distributions involving both skin effect and proximity effect. Simulation results obtained using the quasi-TEM FDFD solver are compared to measurements and other numerical methods.
Beamforming Capacity Optimization for MISO Systems with Both Mean and Covariance Feedback (2011)

The beamforming capacity optimization problem in MISO systems, when the transmitter has both mean and covariance feedback of the channel, has been tackled only with the SNR maximization approach, which is known to give a sub-optimal solution. Numerical solutions of the full rank input covariance matrix, presented in the literature, are capable of tracking the beamforming vector only if it is the optimal capacity achieving solution. In this paper, we solve the beamforming capacity optimization problem by following an analytical approach that projects the beamforming vector on an orthonormal basis defined by the eigenvectors of the channel covariance matrix. The proposed formulation reduces the complexity of calculating the solution and provides intuition into the problem itself. In particular, we express the necessary conditions for beamforming capacity maximization as a system of two equations, which can be solved numerically very efficiently using the secant method. Surprisingly, our indicative numerical results for the 2 x 1 and 10 x 1 MISO systems, showed that for some cases the performance gain through beamforming capacity optimization compared to the SNR maximization approach can reach 0.4 bps/Hz. This means that the SNR maximization solution deviates considerably from the optimal beamforming vector. Finally, the optimality of the SNR maximization solution is also examined.
The Effectiveness of Intermediate-Task Training for Code-Switched Natural Language Understanding (2021)

While recent benchmarks have spurred a lot of new work on improving the generalization of pretrained multilingual language models on multilingual tasks, techniques to improve code-switched natural language understanding tasks have been far less explored. In this work, we propose the use of bilingual intermediate pretraining as a reliable technique to derive large and consistent performance gains on three different NLP tasks using code-switched text. We achieve substantial absolute improvements of 7.87%, 20.15%, and 10.99%, on the mean accuracies and F1 scores over previous state-of-the-art systems for Hindi-English Natural Language Inference (NLI), Question Answering (QA) tasks, and Spanish-English Sentiment Analysis (SA) respectively. We show consistent performance gains on four different code-switched language-pairs (Hindi-English, Spanish-English, Tamil-English and Malayalam-English) for SA. We also present a code-switched masked language modelling (MLM) pretraining technique that consistently benefits SA compared to standard MLM pretraining using real code-switched text.
Retinoic Acid Receptor α (RARα) Mutations in Human Leukemia (2000)

The retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) plays a central role in the biology of the myeloid cellular compartment. Chromosomal translocations involving the RARalpha locus probably represent the malignant initiating events in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Recent studies that identify novel interactions between RARalpha and the nuclear receptor co-activators and co-repressors, new functions of the oncogenic RARalpha fusion proteins and their catabolism in retinoic acid-induced differentiation, and the availability of new transgenic mice models have provided important insights into our understanding of the mechanisms by which mutant forms of RARalpha can be implicated in the development of leukemia. Novel alterations of the RARalpha gene identified in hematopoietic malignant disorders other than APL, such as myelodysplastic syndromes, non-APL acute myeloid leukemias and B-chronic lymphocytic leukemias, suggest that disruption of the RARalpha gene might predispose to myeloid and lymphoid disorders.
Viewing‐angle enhancement in holographic reflective displays by nanoscale holographic patterning (2005)

Abstract— This work presents a method to increase the viewing angle of holographic polymer‐dispersed liquid‐crystal (H‐PDLC) reflective displays. One of the drawbacks to H‐PDLC technology is the existence of a narrow viewing angle. We present a way to alleviate this problem by structuring the phase front of the recording beams to increase the viewing cone of the display. Analysis of the diffractive properties of these holograms shows that the macroscopic and the nanoscale morphologies both play a role in the optical properties of the films.
Estimulación sensorial auditiva en el recién nacido de alto riesgo (1990)

EL TRABAJO SE ENCUADRA EN EL MARCO DE LA PEDIATRIA DEL DESARROLLO Y EN EL ESTUDIO DE LA CONDUCTA DEL RECIEN NACIDO. EL OBJETIVO ES EL DISENO DE UN PROTOCOLO DE ESTIMULACION AUDITIVA PRECOZ PARA RECIEN NACIDOS DE RIESGO. SE ESTUDIA UN PROTOCOLO DE OBSERVACION DE LA CONDUCTA DEL RECIEN NACIDO MEDIANTE EL SEGUIMIENTO BASAL DE LOS ESTADOS DE CONCIENCIA DE PRECHTL A INTERVALOS DE 3' Y EL DINAMICO SEGUN EL ITEM AUDIO-VISUAL ANIMADO DE LA ESCALA PARA LA EVALUACION DE LA CONDUCTA NEONATAL DE BRAZELTON. ESTUDIAMOS LAS MODIFICACIONES CONDUCTALES EN EL RECIEN NACIDO PRETERMINO A PARTIR DE LAS 35 SEMANAS DE GESTACION, SECUNDARIAS A LA ESTIMULACION AUDITIVA, MEDIANTE LA APLICACION DE VOZ HUMANA MATERNA PREVIAMENTE GRAVADA. EN UN PROTOCOLO DE INTERVENCION DE 10 DIAS, 5 MINUTOS DE APLICACION DE LA ESTIMULACION EN EL HABITAT DE LA INCUBADORA, TRAS CADA UNA DE LAS OCHO TOMAS DE ALIMENTACION DIARIAS SE OBTIENE: MAYOR GANANCIA PONDERAL, MAYOR GRADO DE ACTIVIDAD MOTORA, AUMENTO EN LA CAPACIDAD PARA EFECTUAR LA MANIPULACION MANO-BOCA E INCREMENTO DEL INTERES AUDIO VISUAL POR LA CARA HUMANA. DESDE UN PUNTO DE VISTA ELECTROFISIOLOGICO CONDUCE A UNA FACILITACION EN LA CONDUCCION TRONCOENCEFALICA, SIENDO EVALUADA MEDIANTE EL REGISTRO DE POTENCIALES EVOCADOS AUDITIVOS DE TRONCO CEREBRAL. MEJORA ASI MISMO LA IMAGEN QUE LA MADRE OBTIENE DEL LACTANTE A RAIZ DEL METODO DE INTERVENCION.
The Diagnostic Value of p16/Ki67 Dual Immunostaining for Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Meta-Analysis (2020)

The p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining was performed on anal cytology specimens; this is an anal cancer screening method. A literature search was performed in the BioMed Central, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, and PubMed electronic databases for relevant articles. We included studies that discussed the efficacy of p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining for detecting anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Studies that calculated the diagnostic efficacy on a per-patient basis were included. We excluded review articles, case series, and studies that did not provide sufficient information. We extracted data on true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative from the included studies to generate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). All analyses were performed with a random-effects model using MetaDiSc 1.4 and MetaDTA. The meta-analysis produced a pooled sensitivity of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.86) and specificity of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.81) for p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining in detecting AIN. The pooled DOR was 3.26 (95% CI: -0.29, 6.82). A subgroup analysis of HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.96). p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining might have a higher sensitivity for detecting AIN in HIV-infected MSM. p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining might be more sensitive in HIV-infected MSM and has higher specificity compared to human papillomavirus testing among this high-risk group. p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining might be an adjuvant and potential triage test for anal cytology in anal cancer screening.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder symptom sub-cluster severity predicts gray matter volume changes better than overall symptom severity (2022)

ABSTRACT Meta-analysis shows that sub-clusters defined by affected domains of psychosocial functioning capture PTSD subtypes better than symptom clusters defined in the DSM-IV. This pilot study investigated the association between symptom sub-clusters and brain volume in twelve persons with PTSD (females, mean age 40.9 years). Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were acquired, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to estimate local gray matter volume throughout the brain. Participants’ gray matter volume was correlated with both overall PTSD severity and sub-cluster severities. In this preliminary study examining sub-clusters and brain morphometry, we found that neuronal changes associated with sub-clusters may provide a more complete understanding of the neuroanatomical changes that occur in PTSD beyond what can be ascertained using overall disorder severity or comparisons with control subjects. The results of our study suggest that the neurobiological changes resulting from severe trauma depend on the specific sub-clusters of symptoms experienced by individuals with PTSD.
Ein einfacher Zugang zu einwertigen Gallium‐Salzen mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen (2010)

Ga+ ist spitze! – zumindest im pyramidalen [Ga(PPh3)3]+ (siehe Bild), dem ersten strukturell charakterisierten homoleptischen Gallium-Phosphan-Komplex. Die Synthese dieses Ions wurde erst durch die Entwicklung eines einfachen Zugangs zu Ga+-Salzen mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen (WCAs) möglich. Diese Salze stellen eine ausgezeichnete Quelle von Gallium in der Oxidationsstufe +I für die Erzeugung bislang unbekannter niedervalenter Galliumverbindungen dar. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Combining sorted random features for texture classification (2011)

This paper explores the combining of powerful local texture descriptors and the advantages over single descriptors for texture classification. The proposed system is composed of three components: (i) highly discriminative and robust sorted random projections (SRP) features; (ii) a global Bag-of-Words (BoW) model; and (iii) the use of multiple kernel Support Vector Machines (SVMs) combining multiple features. The proposed system is also very simple, stemming from (1) the effortless extraction of the SRP features, (2) the simple orderless histogramming in the BoW model, (3) a strategy with low computational complexity for multiple kernel SVMs. We have tested our texture classification system on three popular and challenging texture databases and find that the SVMs combining of SRP features produces outstanding classification results, out-performing the state-of-the-art for CUReT (99.37%) and KTH-TIPS (99.29%), and with highly competitive results for UIUC (98.56%).
Chambers's Technical Dictionary (1948)

Buku ini merupakan ilmu-ilmu kebumian seperti astronomi, botani, geologi dan lain-lain yang disajikan dalam bentuk kamus
Potentiometric titrations (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotentiometric titrationsE. Clifford. Toren and Richard P. BuckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 5, 284–304Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60287a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60287a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views554Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aqueous Growth of Gold Clusters with Tunable Fluorescence Using Photochemically Modified Lipoic Acid-Based Ligands (2016)

We report a one-phase aqueous growth of fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with tunable emission in the visible spectrum, using a ligand scaffold that is made of poly(ethylene glycol) segment appended with a metal coordinating lipoic acid at one end and a functional group at the other end. This synthetic scheme exploits the ability of the UV-induced photochemical transformation of LA-based ligands to provide DHLA and other thiol byproducts that exhibit great affinity to metal nanoparticles, obviating the need for chemical reduction of the dithiolane ring using classical reducing agents. The influence of various experimental conditions, including the photoirradiation time, gold precursor-to-ligand molar ratios, time of reaction, temperature, and the medium pH, on the growth of AuNCs has been systematically investigated. The photophysical properties, size, and structural characterization were carried out using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, TEM, DOSY-NMR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The hydrodynamic size (RH) obtained by DOSY-NMR indicates that the size of these clusters follows the trend anticipated from the absorption and PL data, with RH(red) > RH(yellow) > RH(blue). The tunable emission and size of these gold nanoclusters combined with their high biocompatibility would make them greatly promising for potential use in imaging and sensing applications.
Memory Errors in Modern Systems (2015)

Several recent publications have shown that hardware faults in the memory subsystem are commonplace. These faults are predicted to become more frequent in future systems that contain orders of magnitude more DRAM and SRAM than found in current memory subsystems. These memory subsystems will need to provide resilience techniques to tolerate these faults when deployed in high-performance computing systems and data centers containing tens of thousands of nodes. Therefore, it is critical to understand the efficacy of current hardware resilience techniques to determine whether they will be suitable for future systems. In this paper, we present a study of DRAM and SRAM faults and errors from the field. We use data from two leadership-class high-performance computer systems to analyze the reliability impact of hardware resilience schemes that are deployed in current systems. Our study has several key findings about the efficacy of many currently deployed reliability techniques such as DRAM ECC, DDR address/command parity, and SRAM ECC and parity. We also perform a methodological study, and find that counting errors instead of faults, a common practice among researchers and data center operators, can lead to incorrect conclusions about system reliability. Finally, we use our data to project the needs of future large-scale systems. We find that SRAM faults are unlikely to pose a significantly larger reliability threat in the future, while DRAM faults will be a major concern and stronger DRAM resilience schemes will be needed to maintain acceptable failure rates similar to those found on today's systems.
Metabolic sanctions against epilepsy (2015)

Suppression of LDH in astrocytes provides a new therapeutic approach against epilepsy.