gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exception handling in component composition with the support of middleware (2005)

Exception handling is a practical and important way to improve the reliability of a software system. In component based software engineering, exceptions are usually handled by the developers of reusable components. However, many exceptions are dependent on the context of a component in the target system. Such exceptions are difficult and sometimes impossible to be handled at the stage of development of reusable components. On the other hand, we found out that many exceptions can be successfully handled by some special mechanisms of middleware. In this paper, an approach to handling the exceptions in the component composition with the support of middleware is proposed. We define an exception handling model complementary to the software architecture for identifying and analyzing the exceptions and taking the knowledge of supporting middleware into the decision of exception handling. The feasibility and effectiveness of the approach are demonstrated through a J2EE blueprint program.
Interdigitated back contact silicon solar cells: Diode and resistance investigation at nanoscale using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (2016)

The use of Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy to investigate PN junctions under illumination and electrical bias has been shown to be an effective way to analyze the electrical properties of solar cells at the nanoscale. We use it here, for the first time, on interdigitated back contact solar cells. Measurements are performed between the metallic fingers under an electrical bias in the dark and under illumination in open circuit conditions. Our results show that that KPFM could be used to identify and localize diodes resistance losses at the nanoscale.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON 1,3‐THIAZINES. PART 10: ATTEMPTED SYNTHESIS OF FUNGITOXIC, HYDROPHILIC 2‐THIOXOTETRAHYDRO‐1,3‐THIAZIN‐4‐ONES (1980)

Abstract Die durch Umsetzung der primären Amine (I) mit CS 2 zugänglichen Dithiocarbaminate (II) cyclisieren mit den Maleinsäureestern (III) zu den Rhodanin‐5‐essigsäureestern (IV), die sich zu den Rhodanin‐S‐essigsäuren (V) verseifen lassen.
Digital cellular solids : reconfigurable composite materials (2012)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2012.
Fractionated PDT light delivery system based upon fibre optic switching technology (2003)

Photodynamic Therapy, PDT, promises to be an effective and minimally invasive modality for the treatment of this early stage disease. Typically PDT of solid tumours is performed using an array of interstitial fibreoptic light sources implanted in the tumour, illuminated continuously with light from a single laser until the required lethal dose of light is delivered. The literature teaches that PDT is dose rate independent so that the illumination intensity of the sources will not influence the therapeutic outcome. Recent work, however, suggests that this teaching should be qualified. PDT will saturate when the cellular oxygen is depleted, consumed by the photo-oxidation of the photosensitizer. This implies that time fractionated light delivery should increase the lethality of treatment. In this paper we describe a computer controlled time fractionated fibre optic light delivery/detection system that may be used to synchronize treatment and tissue perfusion. Two laser diodes are each coupled to a computer controlled fibreoptic switch. The switch couples the laser sequentially to an array of interstitial fibre optic light sources. The dose delivered to each source is time moderated so that a non-uniform dose distribution may be delivered across the tumour. We describe preliminary results of this light delivery system and the photo-toxin QLT0074 for the treatment of rats with AT an –H flank tumours. We also compare tissue response to both time-fractionated and continuous light delivery.
Possibility for ultra-bright electron beam acceleration in dielectric wakefield accelerators (2012)

We describe a conceptual proposal to combine the Dielectric Wakefield Accelerator (DWA) with the Emittance Exchanger (EEX) to demonstrate a high-brightness DWA with a gradient of above 100 MV/m and less than 0.1% induced energy spread in the accelerated beam. We currently evaluate the DWA concept as a performance upgrade for the future LANL signature facility MaRIE with the goal of significantly reducing the electron beam energy spread. The preconceptual design for MaRIE is underway at LANL, with the design of the electron linear accelerator being one of the main research goals. Although generally the baseline design needs to be conservative and rely on existing technology, any future upgrade would immediately call for looking into the advanced accelerator concepts capable of boosting the electron beam energy up by a few GeV in a very short distance without degrading the beam's quality. Scoping studies have identified large induced energy spreads as the major cause of beam quality degradation in high-gradient advanced accelerators for free-electron lasers. We describe simulations demonstrating that trapezoidal bunch shapes can be used in a DWA to greatly reduce the induced beam energy spread, and, in doing so, also preserve the beam brightness at levels never previously achieved. This concept has the potential to advance DWA technology to a level that would make it suitable for the upgrades of the proposed Los Alamos MaRIE signature facility.
Pharmacokinetics of Doripenem in Healthy Koreans and Monte Carlo Simulations to Explore Optimal Dosage Regimens in Patients With Normal and Enhanced Renal Function (2018)

These results suggest that dosage adjustment such as increasing the dose or lengthening the infusion time should be considered in patients with normal or enhanced renal function.
Sympathetic neurotransmission in the tail artery of aging rats (1994)

1. Age-related changes in noradrenergic neurotransmission in the tail arteries of three rat strains: outbred Wistar (WI/Ico), inbred Wistar (WAG/Rij) and inbred Fischer (F344) have been compared in the present study. 2. The arterial noradrenaline content varied from 5 to 10 ng mg-1 wet weight amongst young (3 to 6-month old) representatives of each strain, but did not change with age. As protein content increased in senescent rats (24-month old) by 30-40%, arterial tissue growth would not appear to receive a concomitant increase in sympathetic growth leading to relative, age-related, structural sympathectomy in all strains. 3. The vasoconstrictor response to transmural electrical stimulation was diminished in adult and senescent rats of all strains. 4. As far as could be judged from the increase in noradrenaline release following perfusion with the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine (1 microM), the presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release was intact in old representatives of all strains. 5. With blockade of the two main systems which control noradrenaline release in the rat tail artery, viz, neuronal reuptake with cocaine (4 microM) and presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors with phentolamine (1 microM), stimulation-evoked release of noradrenaline was similar at all ages and in all strains. This suggests that in the rat tail artery the basic mechanism of neuronal release of noradrenaline is not functionally modified by aging. 6 We conclude that as sympathetic nerve terminals are apparently intact in all three strains of senescent rats used, the age-associated deficit of alpha-adrenergic control of vascular function is postsynaptic in nature.
Immunoglobulins in chronic liver disease. (1968)

Immunoglobulins in chronic liver disease TEN FEIZI From the Department of Medicine, Royal Free
Effects of various doses of lubabegron on calculated ammonia gas emissions, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of beef cattle during the last 56 days of the feeding period (2021)

Lubabegron (LUB; Experior, Elanco, Greenfield, IN, USA) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2018 and is indicated for the reduction of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) gas emissions·kg<sup>-1</sup> body weight (BW) and hot carcass weight (HCW) when fed to feedlot cattle during the final 14 to 91 d of the finishing period. LUB demonstrates antagonistic behavior at the β <sub>1</sub> and β <sub>2</sub> receptor subtypes and agonistic behavior at the β <sub>3</sub> receptor subtype in cattle and is classified by the Center for Veterinary Medicine as a "beta-adrenergic agonist/antagonist." This report describes a randomized complete block study that evaluated LUB dose (0, 1.5, 3.5, and 5.5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter) during the last 56 d of the feeding period on calculated NH<sub>3</sub> gas emissions, live weight, carcass weight, and associated ratios in beef feedlot cattle. Carcass characteristics, mobility, and health were also evaluated. All cattle received monensin and tylosin throughout the study. Ammonia gas emissions were calculated using the equation developed by Brown et al. (Brown, M. S., N. A. Cole, S. Gruber, J. Kube, and J. S. Teeter. 2019. Modeling and prediction accuracy of ammonia gas emissions from feedlot cattle. App. Anim. Sci. 35:347-356). The reduction in calculated cumulative NH<sub>3</sub> gas emissions with LUB ranged from 1.3% to 11.0% (85 to 708 g/hd). When NH<sub>3</sub> gas emissions were expressed on a live weight (unshrunk) and carcass weight basis, calculated NH<sub>3</sub> gas emissions decreased by 3.0% to 12.8% and 3.8% to 14.6%, respectively. Daily dry matter intake was 2.3% greater (<i>P</i> <sub>trt</sub> < 0.05) for steers that received LUB. Average daily gain was 13.7% greater (<i>P</i> <sub>trt</sub> < 0.05; 1.68 vs. 1.91 kg), while gain efficiency was 10.8% greater (<i>P</i> <sub>trt</sub> < 0.05; 0.167 vs. 0.185) for steers fed LUB. Animal mobility was scored in the pen approximately 1 wk prior to harvest, when cattle were loaded on trucks scheduled for harvest, and at antemortem inspection during lairage. No treatment differences (<i>P</i> <sub>trt</sub> ≥ 0.170) were observed at any time for the percent of cattle receiving mobility scores of 1 or 2 (normal or minor stiffness but moving with the normal cattle, respectively). Cattle mobility scored as a 1 or 2 equaled or exceeded 92% at all times. Final BW and HCW increased (<i>P</i> <sub>trt</sub> < 0.05) 11.6 to 15.7 kg and 11.3 to 17.1 kg, respectively, in cattle receiving LUB compared to cattle receiving monensin plus tylosin alone.
Abstract 449: Hypoxia induces tumor aggressiveness by an acquired stem-like phenotype in pancreatic cancer through HIF-1α signaling (2010)

Abstract Background: Intratumoral hypoxia is a negative prognostic indicator, as it has been associated with increased aggressiveness and distant metastasis. Although hypoxia can drive the metastatic phenotype secondary to genetic instability and clonal selection of aggressive tumor cells, the interplay underlying them is to be unanswered. We hypothesized that mature cancer cells might acquire the stem-like phenotype under hypoxia, consequently leading to aggressive phenotype. Methods: Under normoxia (20% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2) condition, the expression of CD133 (cancer stem cell marker), CXCR4 (chemokine receptor), HIF-1α, and pimonidazole (hypoxic probe) were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and imuunohistochemistry using human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of CD133 and hypoxia markers (pimonidazole, HIF-1α, and CA) in xenograft and human pancreatic cancer specimen. Furthermore, we transfected dominant active HIF-1α (HIF-1α ΔODD) by the retroviral gene transfer and examined the effects both in vitro and in vivo. Results: We demonstrated that hypoxia induces tumor aggressive phenotype in pancreatic cancer, including invasiveness and CXCR4 expression. Furthermore, this phenotype is followed distinctively by the subpopulation of CD133+ pancreatic cancer cells, which themselves show hypoxic and invasive properties, indicating that mature cancer cells might reacquire an undifferentiated stem-like phenotype. In addition, both acquired stem-like phenotype and invasiveness under hypoxia are predominantly in a HIF-1α/CXCR4-dependent manner, and dominant active HIF-1αΔODD transfected cells promoted their tumorigenic ability. Surprisingly, orthotopic engraftment of these cells showed liver metastasis, while the engraftment of mock transfected cells did not occur any liver metastasis. Conclusion: We demonstrated that mature cancer cells acquired the stem-like phenotype under hypoxia and showed aggressive phenotype including invasiveness and metastasis through HIF-1α signaling. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 449.
Forest Height Estimation by means of Pol-InSAR Limitations posed by Temporal Decorrelation (2009)

Interferometry (Pol-InSAR) is a radar remote sensing technique, based on the coherent combination of radar polarimetry (Pol-SAR) and SAR interferometry (InSAR) which is substantially more sensitive to structural parameters of forest volume scatterers (e.g. forest) than conventional interferometry or polarimetry alone. However, temporal decorrelation is probably the most critical factor towards a successful implementation of Pol-InSAR parameter inversion techniques in terms of repeat-pass InSAR scenarios. This report focuses on the quantification of the effect of temporal decorrelation at L-band as a function of temporal baseline based on multi-temporal airborne experimental data acquired in the frame of dedicated air-borne experiments. Conclusions on the suitability of ALOS/PalSAR for Pol-InSAR applications are drawn and recommendations for mission characteristics of a potential follow on mission are addressed.
Abstract 787: RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) controls neuroendocrine gene programs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2022)

Abstract Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation features contribute to intratumoral heterogeneity and aggressive biology in a subset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors associated with poor disease outcome. We recently showed that treating pancreatic cancer cells with gemcitabine, a standard-of-care chemotherapy for PDAC, increases expression of NE markers, suggesting that ductal to neuroendocrine lineage plasticity could play a role in drug resistance. NE features in prostate cancer have been previously associated with loss of the neuronal gene repressor RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST); in the present study, we explore a potential role of REST in regulating NE differentiation in PDAC. Our experiments show that loss of REST in PDAC cells increases NE gene expression, gemcitabine resistance, and colony formation. RNA sequencing data from gemcitabine-treated PDAC cells were enriched for REST target genes, suggesting gemcitabine relieves REST-mediated repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments corroborated this by demonstrating that gemcitabine reduces REST binding to the NE genes SYP and SNAP25. In addition, single cell ATAC sequencing also uncovered a heterogeneous response to gemcitabine treatment, revealing two gemcitabine-driven cell states with differing REST motif accessibility. Our study indicates that REST controls NE gene programs in PDAC and that loss of REST promotes gemcitabine resistance and oncogenic growth. Mirroring the heterogeneity of PDAC tumors, a subset of PDAC cells treated with gemcitabine have reduced REST motif accessibility, which may reflect a therapy resistant NE-like subpopulation. Citation Format: Kevin Alexander MacPherson, Meghan M. Joly, Brittany Allen-Petersen, Carl Pelz, Mary C. Thoma, Kristof Torkenczy, Andrew Adey, Daniel Liefwalker, Patrick J. Worth, Rosalie C. Sears. RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) controls neuroendocrine gene programs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 787.
Mutations in Ehrlichia chaffeensis Genes ECH_0660 and ECH_0665 Cause Transcriptional Changes in Response to Zinc or Iron Limitation (2021)

Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis by replicating within phagosomes of monocytes/macrophages. A function disruption mutation within the pathogen's ECH_0660 gene, which encodes a phage head-to-tail connector protein, resulted in the rapid clearance of the pathogen <i>in vivo</i>, while aiding in induction of sufficient immunity in a host to protect against wild-type infection challenge. In this study, we describe the characterization of a cluster of seven genes spanning from ECH_0659 to ECH_0665, which contained four genes encoding bacterial phage proteins, including the ECH_0660 gene. Assessment of the promoter region upstream of the first gene of the seven genes (ECH_0659) in Escherichia coli demonstrated transcriptional enhancement under zinc and iron starvation conditions. Furthermore, transcription of the seven genes was significantly higher under zinc and iron starvation conditions for E. chaffeensis carrying a mutation in the ECH_0660 gene compared to the wild-type pathogen. In contrast, for the ECH_0665 gene mutant with the function disruption, transcription from the genes was mostly similar to that of the wild type or was moderately downregulated. Recently, we reported that this mutation caused a minimal impact on the pathogen's <i>in vivo</i> growth, as it persisted similarly to the wild type. The current study is the first to describe how zinc and iron contribute to <i>E. chaffeensis</i> biology. Specifically, we demonstrated that the functional disruption in the gene encoding the phage head-to-tail connector protein in <i>E. chaffeensis</i> results in the enhanced transcription of seven genes, including those encoding phage proteins, under zinc and iron limitation. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-transmitted bacterium, causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis by replicating within phagosomes of monocytes/macrophages. A function disruption mutation within the pathogen's gene encoding a phage head-to-tail connector protein resulted in the rapid clearance of the pathogen <i>in vivo</i>, while aiding in induction of sufficient immunity in a host to protect against wild-type infection challenge. In the current study, we investigated if the functional disruption in the phage head-to-tail connector protein gene caused transcriptional changes resulting from metal ion limitations. This is the first study describing how zinc and iron may contribute to <i>E. chaffeensis</i> replication.
Feasibility Study of Catheter-directed Thrombolysis with Recombinant Staphylokinase in Deep Venous Thrombosis (1998)

The feasibility of catheter-directed thrombolysis with recombinant staphylokinase was evaluated in six selected patients with deep vein thrombosis. The patients underwent intrathrombus infusion of recombinant staphylokinase (2 mg bolus followed by a continuous infusion of 1 mg/h). Heparin was given via the catheter as a bolus (5000 U) and as a continuous infusion (1000 U/h). Complete lysis was obtained in five patients and partial lysis in one patient. Complications consisted of minor bleeding in four subjects. Symptomatic reocclusion occurred in one. Debulking of the thrombus mass by a high speed rotating impeller (n = 1) and stenting (n = 3) were used as additional interventions. An underlying anatomical abnormality was present in two patients. Long term follow up revealed normal patency in all patients and normal valve function in four patients. Symptomatic venous insufficiency with valve dysfunction was present in the two with a second thrombotic episode. Thus catheter-directed infusion of recombinant staphylokinase in patients with deep vein thrombosis appears feasible and may be associated with a high frequency of thrombolysis. Larger studies to define the clinical benefit of this treatment appear to be warranted.
Emergency DC injection braking system (2015)

This paper presents a practical design for the implementation of an improved non-regenerative emergency braking system. The realisation of an industrial prototype will be shown and performances will be compared for different motors. The testing session has shown that the prototype was able to handle up to 70A output and withstand up to 600Vpower line. The proposed emergency braking method can brake most induction machines under 4 seconds. Design considerations, advantage and drawback are then discussed.
Spacer oligonucleotide typing of bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: recommendations for standardised nomenclature. (2001)

Spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) is widely used for differentiation of bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. However, the absence of any standardised method for concise description of spoligotypes makes it difficult to compare the results from different laboratories. This paper describes unambiguous, interconvertible systems for the designation of spoligotype patterns, the adoption of which will be beneficial to mycobacterial research.
Measurement system for the high-throughput characterization of metal nanoparticles for biosensors (2005)

We present a system for the rapid characterization of nanoparticles for biosensors, providing concurrent atomic force microscopy and scattering spectra of individual nanoparticles and simultaneous spectra from various nanostructures created by electron beam lithography.
Integrated Process Design and Life Cycle Assessment of Carbon Monoxide Provision from Basic Oxygen Furnace Gas (2022)

Abstract Vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) processes are promising separation technologies to recover valuable compounds from industrial off‐gases. In this work, the separation of CO from basic oxygen furnace gas (BOFG) with a three‐bed VPSA process for high‐purity applications using a dynamic process model is analyzed. The analysis evaluates technical operating ranges for providing 99.9 % pure CO and assesses system‐wide environmental impacts using life cycle assessment. The results show that CO from BOFG as feedstock for chemicals reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by about 10 % for Germany's current grid mix regardless whether the VPSA process operates at maximum productivity (0.18 Nm 3 h −1 kg −1 ads ) or maximum recovery (95.7 %). Further reduction in GHG emissions by up to 68 % can be achieved using renewable energy albeit increasing other environmental impacts such as mineral and metal depletion. Overall, VPSA offers a viable, short‐term solution for providing low‐carbon CO from BOFG.
Polyclonal epitope cartography reveals the temporal dynamics and diversity of human antibody responses to H5N1 vaccination (2020)

SUMMARY Novel influenza A virus (IAV) strains elicit recall immune responses to conserved epitopes, making them favorable antigenic choices for universal influenza virus vaccines. Evaluating these immunogens requires a thorough understanding of the antigenic sites targeted by the polyclonal antibody (pAb) response, which single particle electron microscopy (EM) can sensitively detect. Here, we employed EM polyclonal epitope mapping (EMPEM) to extensively characterize the pAb response to hemagglutinin (HA) after H5N1 immunization in humans. Cross-reactive pAbs originating from memory B cells immediately bound the stem of HA and persisted for over a year post vaccination. In contrast, de novo pAb responses to multiple sites on the head of HA, which targeted previously determined key neutralizing sites on H5 HA, expanded after the second immunization and waned quickly. Thus, EMPEM provides a robust tool for comprehensively tracking the specificity and durability of immune responses elicited by novel universal influenza vaccine candidates.