gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene): introduction of alcohol functionality (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene): introduction of alcohol functionalityRobert C. Bening and Thomas J. McCarthyCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 10, 2648–2655Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00212a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00212a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast Monitoring of Indoor Bioaerosol Concentrations with ATP Bioluminescence Assay Using an Electrostatic Rod-Type Sampler (2015)

A culture-based colony counting method is the most widely used analytical technique for monitoring bioaerosols in both indoor and outdoor environments. However, this method requires several days for colony formation. In this study, our goal was fast monitoring (Sampling: 3 min, Detection: < 1 min) of indoor bioaerosol concentrations with ATP bioluminescence assay using a bioaerosol sampler. For this purpose, a novel hand-held electrostatic rod-type sampler (110 mm wide, 115 mm long, and 200 mm tall) was developed and used with a commercial luminometer, which employs the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method. The sampler consisted of a wire-rod type charger and a cylindrical collector, and was operated with an applied voltage of 4.5 kV and a sampling flow rate of 150.7 lpm. Its performance was tested using Staphylococcus epidermidis which was aerosolized with an atomizer. Bioaerosol concentrations were measured using ATP bioluminescence method with our sampler and compared with the culture-based method using Andersen cascade impactor under controlled laboratory conditions. Indoor bioaerosol concentrations were also measured using both methods in various indoor environments. A linear correlation was obtained between both methods in lab-tests and field-tests. Our proposed sampler with ATP bioluminescence method may be effective for fast monitoring of indoor bioaerosol concentrations.
Klotho expression in cervical cancer: differential expression in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (2015)

We found reduced klotho expression in cervical carcinoma, especially in ADC, compared with normal adjacent tissue. Our results support the role of klotho as a potential tumour suppressor in cervical cancer. Further studies are required in order to establish the therapeutic role of klotho in cervical carcinoma and identify patients who may benefit from it.
Automated Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Screening Combined with In Silico Optimization as a Framework for Nondenaturing Analysis and Purification of Biopharmaceuticals (2022)

The mounting complexity of new modalities in the biopharmaceutical industry entails a commensurate level of analytical innovations to enable the rapid discovery and development of novel therapeutics and vaccines. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) has become one of the widely preferred separation techniques for the analysis and purification of biopharmaceuticals under nondenaturing conditions. Inarguably, HIC method development remains very challenging and labor-intensive owing to the numerous factors that are typically optimized by a "hit-or-miss" strategy (e.g., the nature of the salt, stationary phase chemistry, temperature, mobile phase additive, and ionic strength). Herein, we introduce a new HIC method development framework composed of a fully automated multicolumn and multieluent platform coupled with <i>in silico</i> multifactorial simulation and integrated fraction collection for streamlined method screening, optimization, and analytical-scale purification of biopharmaceutical targets. The power and versatility of this workflow are showcased by a wide range of applications including trivial proteins, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), oxidation variants, and denatured proteins. We also illustrate convenient and rapid HIC method development outcomes from the effective combination of this screening setup with computer-assisted simulations. HIC retention models were built using readily available LC simulator software outlining less than a 5% difference between experimental and simulated retention times with a correlation coefficient of >0.99 for pharmaceutically relevant multicomponent mixtures. In addition, we demonstrate how this approach paves the path for a straightforward identification of first-dimension HIC conditions that are combined with mass spectrometry (MS)-friendly reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) detection in the second dimension (heart-cutting two-dimensional (2D)-HIC-RPLC-diode array detector (DAD)-MS), enabling the analysis and purification of biopharmaceutical targets.
Multiscale Boundary Conditions for Drug Release from Cardiovascular Stents (2008)

In this study, we focus on a specific application, the modeling and simulation of drug release from cardiovascular drug eluting stents. In particular, we analyze the drug release dynamics from the stent coating, where the drug is initially stored, to the surrounding arterial wall. The main challenge consists of accounting for multiple space scales. To this purpose, we derive suitable boundary conditions accounting for the smaller scales on the macroscopic model. This approach, applied to drug delivery, significantly cuts down the computational cost of the numerical simulations and allows us to consider a realistic problem setting.
Environmental methods for Cryptosporidium (1996)

A number of approaches offer promise for addressing the limitations of current antibody‐based detection methods. This report was prepared by the Working Group on Waterborne Cryptosporidiosis (Technical Task Force E, Developmental Status of Environmental Sampling, Water Testing, and Surrogate Indicators). Methods for detecting Cryptosporidium oocysts in water have centered around microscopic examination of fluorescent antibody‐stained concentrates from large‐volume water samples. The limitations of these antibody‐based methods include the need for experienced analysts, lengthy analytical time, expense, lack of specificity, erratic efficiency, low precision, and difficulty in determining viability. A number of methods, assays, and procedures that have the potential for ameliorating some of these limitations are currently being evaluated. How successful such processes will be remains to be demonstrated by the scientific community.
Flow cytometric studies of platelet responses to shear stress in whole blood (1995)

The objective of this work was to evaluate quantitatively the effects of flow on platelet reactions using a flow cytometric technique. Whole blood was exposed to well defined, laminar shear stress in a cone-and-plate viscometer in the absence of added agonists. Blood specimens were fixed with formaldehyde and incubated with two monoclonal antibodies. Antibody 6D1, specific for platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib (GPIb), was used to identify and enumerate platelets and platelet aggregates on the basis of their characteristic forward scatter and 6D1-FITC fluorescence profiles. Anti-CD62 antibody, specific for the granule membrane protein-140 (GMP-140), was used to measure platelet activation. Results showed platelet aggregation increasing with increasing shear stress with marked increase in this response for a pathophysiological stress level of 140 dyn/cm2 and higher. This stress level also was the apparent threshold for formation of large platelet aggregates ("large" refers to particles larger than 10 microns in equivalent sphere diameter). These platelet responses to shear stress were insensitive to aspirin, but strongly inhibited by agents that elevate platelet cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. Moreover, pre-incubation of whole blood with monoclonal antibodies that inhibit von Willebrand factor binding to GPIb or von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen binding to GPIIb/IIIa inhibited platelet aggregation. Aggregation induced by shear at 37 degrees C was less in extent than at 23 degrees C. At physiological shear stresses, whole blood was more susceptible to shear-induced platelet aggregation than platelet-rich plasma. This study reaffirms that flow cytometric methods have several important advantages in studies of shear effects on platelets, and extends the methodology to whole blood unaltered by cell separation methods.
Putting Memory Into Circuit Elements: Memristors, Memcapacitors, and Meminductors [Point of View] (2009)

The time is ripe for new and exciting innovations in electronics. The memdevices defined here open up a whole new world of possibilities and provide us with tools to study old scientific problems from a new perspective.
Enhanced high resistivity SOI wafers for RF applications (2005)

In this work, we investigate the impact of distinctly processed trap-rich layers of polysilicon inserted between BOX and HR Si substrate on the effective resistivity, substrate losses and crosstalk level in HR SOI wafers. The wafers were fabricated starting from p-type high resistivity bulk wafers with resistivity higher than 3 k/spl Omega/.cm. The wafers were first covered with a LPCVD layer of undoped polysilicon at 2 distinct temperatures (T/sub poly/=585 /spl deg/C, 625 /spl deg/C) and with varying thickness. This layer was afterwards passivated with a charge rich 3 /spl mu/m thick PECVD oxide of the reference wafer. The oxide layer was densified by RTA at 800 /spl deg/C during 20 s.
Reduction in VA rating of the Unified Power Quality Conditioner with superconducting fault current limiters (2010)

The paper deals with an optimized Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), which aims at the integration of series and shunt active power filters with minimum rating of the UPQC. In this paper analysis results of a combination the UPQC with a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) are presented. SFCL aids on reduction in VA rating of the UPQC with limiting the excessive current in the event of fault. The combination of electrical and thermal model of a designed resistive type SFCL is defined as a component in PSCAD/EMTDC simulations. The proposed scheme can compensate voltage sag and current harmonics at the point of common coupling (PCC) on power distribution systems. Through the results of several analyses and simulations carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC, this demonstrates the signification effect of the control by SFCL on rating reduction of the UPQC.
Efficient and accurate B-rep generation of low degree sculptured solids using exact arithmetic (1997)

We present efficient representations and algorithms for exact boundary computation on low degree sculptured CSG solids using exact arithmetic.
Space Charge Formation in LDPE/MgO Nano-composite Thin Film under Ultra-high DC Electric Stress (2006)

Nano-composite technology makes it possible to improve dielectric properties, such as resistivity, breakdown strength and so on, under high DC stress. However, the mechanism of the improvement in MgO nano-composite LDPE (LDPE/MgO) has not been clear, yet. We attempted to clarify the mechanism of the improvement on the electrical properties focused on the space charge formation. To investigate the influence of MgO nano-filler on space charge profiles, we measured the space charge distributions using PEA system under DC electric field of 50 to 250 kV/mm. In the case of LDPE without nano-filler, a positive packet-like charge injection with peak charge density of more than several hundred C/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> were measured under more than 150 kV/mm. In the case of LDPE/MgO with MgO content of 0.2 phr, an oscillating behavior of packet-like charge was observed when the DC electric field of more than 200 kV/mm was applied to it. On the other hand, in the case of LDPE/MgO with MgO content of more than 0.5 phr, there is no remarkable charge injection. It is thought that space charge behavior is drastically changed by adding only more than 0.5 phr of MgO to LDPE. The nano-composite including more than 0.5 phr shows a superior property to prevent the injection of space charge into bulk
The 1994 Election: an Analysis (1998)

The elections of 27 April 1994 marked the end of the old South Africa and the start of the new. Not only was it the start of an era in which the majority of the population would determine the nature and the membership of the government, but it marked the first steps in the creation of a new relationship between black and white South Africans. Not only did it mark the end of white supremacist rule, but it was the conclusion of a complex negotiating process in which the representatives of the major political forces had determined the form of the political institutions for the new South Africa and the mechanisms of the electoral process which would bring them into being.
Afucosylation of HLA-specific IgG1 as a potential predictor of antibody pathogenicity in kidney transplantation (2022)

Summary Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the leading cause of graft failure. While donor-specific antibodies (DSA) are associated with a higher risk of AMR, not all patients with DSA develop rejection suggesting that the characteristics of alloantibodies that determine their pathogenicity remain undefined. Using human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-specific antibodies as a model, we applied systems serology tools to investigate qualitative features of immunoglobulin G (IgG) alloantibodies including Fc-glycosylation patterns and Fc γ R binding properties. The levels of afucosylation of anti-A2 antibodies were elevated in all seropositive patients and were significantly higher in AMR patients, suggesting potential cytotoxicity via Fc γ RIII-mediated mechanisms. Afucosylation of both glycoengineered monoclonal and naturally glycovariant polyclonal serum IgG specific to HLA-A2 exhibited potentiated binding to, slower dissociation from, and enhanced signaling through Fc γ RIII, a receptor widely expressed on innate effector cells. Collectively, these results suggest that afucosylated DSA may be a biomarker of AMR and could contribute to its pathogenesis. Graphical Abstract. Potential influence of HLA-A2-specific IgG1 afucosylation, FcγRIIIa binding and activation on ADCC and graft rejection. Illustration created with https://BioRender.com .
Impact of cesarean delivery due to maternal choice on perinatal outcome in term nulliparous patients with a singleton fetus in a vertex presentation (2020)

Cesarean delivery by maternal choice in NTSV patients is not associated with improved neonatal outcomes; in contrast, it is associated with increased composite maternal morbidity and increased transfusion rate.
Tubulin-G Protein Association Stabilizes GTP Binding and Activates GTPase: Cytoskeletal Participation in Neuronal Signal Transduction (1994)

It has been suggested that dimeric tubulin can participate in the signal transduction process through its association with the GTP-binding (G) proteins Gs and Gi1. Using the photoaffinity GTP analog, azidoanilido-GTP, it has been shown that the transfer of nucleotide from tubulin to G alpha s and G alpha i1 is the key step of this activation. The binding sites between tubulin and Gs or G alpha i1 appear to involve microtubule polymerization domains, since G protein alpha subunits were demonstrated to inhibit microtubule assembly [Wang, N., & Rasenick, M. M. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 10957-10965]. In order to understand tubulin-G protein interaction and the nucleotide transfer process in detail, tubulin was labeled with [alpha-32P]GTP or [35S]GTP gamma S and was incubated with recombinant G alpha i1 at increasing molar ratios. Rapid filtration through nitrocellulose was used to determine nucleotide binding in the protein complex. A substantial amount of bound nucleotide was lost from tubulin during the filtration assay. However, the addition of G alpha i1 to [alpha-32P]-GTP-tubulin protected the nucleotide binding in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a stabilization of GTP binding in the tubulin-G alpha i1 complex. G beta gamma mitigated this effect, and this was not dependent upon the presence of G alpha, suggesting a direct interaction between beta gamma and tubulin. The retinal G protein, transducin, which displayed a much lower affinity for tubulin, did not elicit similar stabilization of GTP binding, and transducin beta gamma did not release GTP from tubulin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Changes in Endotoxin-Binding Proteins during Major Elective Surgery: Important Role for Soluble CD14 in Regulation of Biological Activity of Systemic Endotoxin (1999)

Assessment of circulating endotoxin during the perioperative period, which is only demonstrated by the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, may be modulated by several endotoxin-binding proteins. Endotoxin-neutralizing capacity (ENC) and the plasma levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were determined in 40 patients 6 h prior to skin incision for major abdominal surgery. The bioactivity of plasma endotoxin was tested by the polymyxin B-inhibited stimulatory activity of the plasma samples on healthy monocytes as measured by the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Plasma endotoxin levels in almost all patients increased from 0.05 +/- 0.01 to 0.23 +/- 0.03 experimental units (EU) per ml (P < 0.001); more specifically, 17 of 40 samples showed endotoxin levels of greater than 0.2 EU per ml and corresponding reductions in ENC. Soluble CD14 plasma levels were decreased from 5. 6 +/- 0.3 to 4.6 +/- 0.3 microg per ml (P < 0.05). ENC was strongly correlated with the sCD14 plasma concentration throughout the period of observation. The addition of sCD14-neutralizing monoclonal anti-sCD14 antibodies reduced ENC both pre- and postoperatively. No correlation could be established between ENC and the plasma levels of BPI, high-density lipoproteins, or low-density lipoproteins determined by measuring the concentrations of apoprotein A and apoprotein B. Biologically active endotoxin was found in only 6 of 17 samples with endotoxin levels greater than 0.2 EU per ml in the LAL test. These samples could be characterized by their perioperative loss of at least 35% of their sCD14. No change in sCD14 was detected in the remaining 11 samples. The perioperative loss of ENC is partly caused by the loss of sCD14 resulting from its consumption by endotoxin reaching the bloodstream. This study demonstrated the role of sCD14 on the bioactivity of circulating endotoxin in a human model of endotoxemia after major abdominal surgery.
Evaluating the Impact of an Aronia Berry Dietary Supplement on Vascular Endothelial Function and the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Middle-Aged/Older Adults: Study Protocol (2020)

Aging is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) largely due to vascular endothelial dysfunction, an initiating step in the development of atherosclerosis. The gut microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of cardiovascular health. Aronia berries are rich in polyphenols such as anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. These compounds, and metabolites resulting from gut microbial and phase II metabolism, have been shown to improve endothelial function. The primary objective of this study is to assess the dose-dependent efficacy of an aronia berry full spectrum dietary supplement to improve vascular endothelial function in middle-aged/older men and postmenopausal women. A secondary goal is to determine whether aronia full spectrum modulation of the gut microbiota is associated with improvements in vascular endothelial function. Healthy men and postmenopausal women (n = 28) aged 45–75 years are being recruited for this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. In random order, participants take a placebo, 500 mg aronia full spectrum, or 1000 mg aronia full spectrum daily for a 6-week period. Each treatment period is separated by a 6-week washout period. The primary outcome is reactive hyperemia index (RHI), a validated measure of vascular endothelial function assessed using peripheral arterial tonometry. Secondary outcome measures include analysis of the gut microbiota in stool samples, hemodynamic parameters including blood pressure and augmentation index, arterial stiffness, and blood biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic health including blood lipids, hemoglobin a1c, oxidized LDL, and adhesion molecules. Other outcome measures will include plasma, fecal, and urine polyphenol metabolites. Gut microbial populations will be statistically compared with RHI. To date, a total of 22 individuals (11 men/11 women) have been enrolled in the trial and randomized to their intervention order. Of these, 3 have completed the study, 1 was lost to follow-up, and 18 are currently enrolled. We hypothesize that this aronia berry dietary supplement will dose-dependently improve vascular endothelial function in healthy middle-aged/older adults, and that improvements will be linked to modulation of the gut microbiota. Naturex.
A 37-base pair element in the far upstream spacer region can enhance transcription of rat rDNA in vitro and can bind to the core promoter-binding factor(s) (1989)

Previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that a 174-base pair (bp) rat rDNA spacer region located more than 2 kilobase pairs upstream of the initiation site, can enhance rat rDNA transcription in vitro independent of its orientation or distance or when inserted downstream of the initiation site. Further dissection of this region showed that transcription of a rDNA fragment containing just 37 bp of the spacer sequence, located between -2.183 and -2.219 kilobase pairs upstream of the initiation site, is 8-fold greater than that of the rDNA fragment devoid of the spacer element. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated specific interaction of the 37-bp DNA fragment with a cellular protein(s). The spacer DNA competed for essential transcription factors as demonstrated by the absence of transcription following preincubation of the extract with the 37-bp fragment. Similar competition was also observed when a 58-bp PolI promoter was substituted for the enhancer fragment. The binding of the factor(s) to the enhancer element was not altered when coding and noncoding strands of the 37-bp oligodeoxynucleotide were used separately in the competition assay. Since the 37-bp enhancer region and the core promoter do not exhibit any significant sequence homology, the factor(s) appears to interact with these cis-acting elements in a sequence-independent manner.