gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A History of Neonatal Uterine Bleeding and Its Significance (2021)

Bleeding in newborns and young girls fascinated writers for more than a millennium. Initially, there was confusion between neonatal bleeding, early menstruation due to precocious puberty, and hemorrhage due to disease. During the 19th century descriptions appeared of what is referred to today as ‘neonatal menstruation’ or ‘neonatal uterine bleeding’. By the turn of the century, Halban linked bleeding to active substances present during pregnancy and hypothesized that, while the maternal uterus reacts with decidua formation, the “weaker” fetal uterus reacts only with menstrual-like changes. Despite this clear description, several alternative theories endured for decades. Bleeding was believed to be due to a ‘catarrhal’ or neoplastic state of the genital tract, pulmonary circulatory disorder, congenital heart malformations, closure of the umbilical cord or affections of the intestine. During the 1950s, progesterone response and resistance were proposed to explain the pathogenesis of bleeding and its low incidence. The fetal endometrium is resistant to the high circulating progesterone. A decidual response is infrequent and results in menstrual shedding upon progesterone withdrawal after birth. Further research linked fetal stress consequent to pregnancy complications and post-maturity to increased incidence and preterm birth to reduced incidence of neonatal uterine bleeding.
Nonlinear Modeling of the Dynamic Effects of Infused Insulin on Glucose: Comparison of Compartmental With Volterra Models (2009)

This paper presents the results of a computational study that compares simulated compartmental (differential equation) and Volterra models of the dynamic effects of insulin on blood glucose concentration in humans. In the first approach, we employ the widely accepted "minimal model" and an augmented form of it, which incorporates the effect of insulin secretion by the pancreas, in order to represent the actual closed-loop operating conditions of the system, and in the second modeling approach, we employ the general class of Volterra-type models that are estimated from input-output data. We demonstrate both the equivalence between the two approaches analytically and the feasibility of obtaining accurate Volterra models from insulin-glucose data generated from the compartmental models. The results corroborate the proposition that it may be preferable to obtain data-driven (i.e., inductive) models in a more general and realistic operating context, without resorting to the restrictive prior assumptions and simplifications regarding model structure and/or experimental protocols (e.g., glucose tolerance tests) that are necessary for the compartmental models proposed previously. These prior assumptions may lead to results that are improperly constrained or biased by preconceived (and possibly erroneous) notions-a risk that is avoided when we let the data guide the inductive selection of the appropriate model within the general class of Volterra-type models, as our simulation results suggest.
Clearer view for TIRF and oblique illumination microscopy (2016)

In Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, the sample is illuminated with an evanescent field that yields a thin optical section. However, its widefield detection has no rejection mechanism against out-of-focus blur from scattered light that can compromise TIRF images. Here I demonstrate that via structured illumination, out-of-focus blur can be effectively suppressed in TIRF microscopy, yielding strikingly clearer images. The same mechanism can also be applied to oblique illumination schemes that extend the reach of TIRF microscopy beyond the basal surface of the cell. The two imaging modes are used to image a biosensor, clathrin coated vesicles and the actin cytoskeleton in different cell types with improved contrast.
Influence of chronic undernutrition and leptin on GOAT mRNA levels in rat stomach mucosa (2008)

The most unique feature of ghrelin is the acyl-modification of a hydroxyl group of the Ser3 in the N-terminus. The Ser3 is commonly modified by n-octanoic acid in vertebrates being needed for its biological effects, at least in terms of feeding. Therefore, a critical question regarding the role of ghrelin was to characterize the mechanism involved in its acylation. The acyltransferase that catalyzes ghrelin octanoylation has been recently identified and named ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT). The aim of this study was to clarify the physiological implications of GOAT in the regulation of energy balance, by assessing the effect of undernutrition, as well as fasting in adult male rats. We have determined GOAT mRNA expression levels by real time-PCR in the stomach mucosa. Our results show that chronic food restriction led to an increase in GOAT mRNA, particularly following long-term chronic malnutrition (21 days). Furthermore, following 48 h complete fasting, a situation with high-circulating ghrelin levels, we found similar mRNA expression of GOAT in fed and fasted rats; exogenous leptin administration markedly increase GOAT mRNA levels in the stomach mucosa of fasted rats. These findings suggest that increased GOAT mRNA levels may have a role in mediating the physiological responses to chronic undernutrition and could represent an adaptive response to prevent long-lasting alterations in energy balance and body weight homeostasis. Furthermore, our data also offer mechanistic insights into the reason why during fasting acylated ghrelin levels are not increased at a time when a marked increase in an orexigenic signal as important as acylated ghrelin will be expected.
Sensors: Nanoparticle-Structured Highly Sensitive and Anisotropic Gauge Sensors (Small 35/2015) (2015)

A gold nanoparticle structured thin-film sensor with unusually high and anisotropic gauge factors is demonstrated by C. J. Zhong and co-workers on page 4509. This sensing characteristic is tunable by the nanostructural parameters and the self-assembling or printing method, and has important implications for the design of gauge sensors for the highly sensitive detection of deformations in complex sensing environments such as wearable electronics and skin sensors.
Heterogeneous SoC Integration with EMIB (2018)

The challenges of yielding larger Silicon dies increases as the technology node shrinks. IP availability on the same technology node on the same industry process is also not always possible because of design complexity, features and schedule. This necessitates integration of smaller manageable dies from different processes and fabs to create SiPs. Integration of chiplets on the package is the trend to sustain performance across multiple generations of chip design. This work highlights the role of EMIB (Embedded Multi-Tile Interconnect Bridge) for heterogeneous silicon integration.
Convoluational Transformer With Adaptive Position Embedding For Covid-19 Detection From Cough Sounds (2022)

Covid-19 has caused a huge health crisis worldwide in the past two years. Although an early detection of the virus through nucleic acid screening can considerably reduce its spread, the efficiency of this diagnostic process is limited by its complexity and costs. Hence, an effective and inexpensive way to early detect Covid-19 is still needed. Considering that the cough of an infected person contains a large amount of information, we propose an algorithm for the automatic recognition of Covid-19 from cough signals. Our approach generates static log-Mel spectrograms with deltas and delta-deltas from the cough signal and subsequently extracts feature maps through a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Following the advances on transformers in the realm of deep learning, our proposed architecture exploits a novel adaptive position embedding structure which can learn the position information of the features from the CNN output. This make the transformer structure rapidly lock the attention feature location by overlaying with the CNN output, which yields better classification. The efficiency of the proposed architecture is shown by the improvement, w. r. t. the baseline, of our experimental results on the INTERPSEECH 2021 Computational Paralinguistics Challenge CCS (Coughing Sub Challenge) database, which reached 72.6 % UAR (Unweighted Average Recall).
A review of a bi-layered living cell treatment (Apligraf�) in the treatment of venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers (2007)

Apligraf (Organogenesis, Canton, MA) is a bi-layered bioengineered skin substitute and was the first engineered skin US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved to promote the healing of ulcers that have failed standard wound care. Constructed by culturing human foreskin-derived neonatal fibroblasts in a bovine type I collagen matrix over which human foreskin-derived neonatal epidermal keratinocytes are then cultured and allowed to stratify, Apligraf provides both cells and matrix for the nonhealing wound. Its exact mechanism of action is not known, but it is known to produce cytokines and growth factors similar to healthy human skin. Initially approved by the FDA in 1998 for the treatment of venous ulcers greater than one-month duration that have not adequately responded to conventional therapy, Apligraf later received approval in 2000 for treatment of diabetic foot ulcers of greater than three weeks duration. Herein, we review the use of Apligraf in the treatment of chronic venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. Our goal is to provide a working understanding of appropriate patient selection and proper use of the product for any physician treating this segment of the aging population.
Whole body heat stress fails to limit infarct size in the reperfused rabbit heart (1992)

No protective effect of heat stress could be seen when infarct size was used as the end point. Either the protection seen in earlier studies using the Krebs perfused isolated heart model does not accurately reflect protection against myocardial infarction, or heat stress itself may induce injurious factors in the blood which will negate any direct protective effect to the myocardium in this model.
1061-P: Effect of the Omnipod® Insulin Management System on Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Previously Treated with MDI or CSII (2019)

This multi-site, retrospective study evaluated the effect of treatment with a tubeless insulin pump (Omnipod Insulin Management System, Insulet Corp., Acton, MA) on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes (n=166) compared to prior treatment with multiple daily injections (MDI) (63%) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (37%). The primary outcome was change in A1C from baseline to 12 months post-Omnipodinitiation. Secondary outcomes included change in A1C at 3- and 6-months, and change in A1C stratified by baseline A1C and prior treatment with MDI or other CSII. Baseline characteristics were mean±SD: age 44±14 y, diabetes duration 24±14 y, 57% female, A1C 8.1±1.5%. The decrease in A1C at 12 months post-Omnipod therapy was -0.2±1.2% (8.1±1.5% vs. 7.9±1.3%; p=0.01) compared to prior treatment. A decrease in A1C was observed at 3- and 6-mo: -0.3±1.2% (n=95; p=0.005) and -0.3±1.1% (n=87; p=0.04), respectively. The within group reduction in A1C at 12 months for prior MDI use was -0.35% (8.1±1.5% vs. 7.8±1.2%; p=0.008) vs. -0.03% (8.0±1.4% vs. 8.0±1.5%; p=0.761) for CSII. The proportion of patients grouped by A1C category is shown in the Figure. In conclusion, long-term use of the Omnipod System was associated with significant improvement in A1C in adults with type 1 diabetes, most notably in those with A1C ≥9.0% and those previously treated with MDI. Disclosure S.N. Mehta: None. D.F. Kruger: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Insulet Corporation. Consultant; Self; CeQur Corporation, Hygieia. Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Dexcom, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. B.W. Bode: Consultant; Self; ADOCIA, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc. Research Support; Self; Becton, Dickinson and Company, Dexcom, Inc., Diasome Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Eyenuk Inc., Insulet Corporation, National Institutes of Health, Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi Research &amp; Development, Senseonics, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi US, Senseonics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; AgaMatrix, Glytec, LLC. J.E. Layne: Employee; Self; Insulet Corporation. B. Dumais: None. J.R. Gallagher: None. T.T. Ly: Employee; Self; Insulet Corporation. Funding Insulet Corporation
Maximum Power Power Point Tracking of Wind Generation System Based on T-S Fuzzy Model (2016)

International audience
A convenient method for [14C] carbonylation reactions (2000)

A simple, efficient method for generation of 14CO from Ba14CO3 has been developed. Reduction of 14CO2 using LiBEt3H gave [14C] formate in good yield which was treated with conc. H2SO4 to effect dehydration to 14CO. Through direct attachment of a reaction vessel containing aryl substrate and Pd(0) catalyst,[14C]carbonylation reactions were performed without the use of a mercury transfer pump. [14C]Carbonylation reactions using 14CO generated in this manner have been shown to proceed in good yield with a variety of substrates. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RNA Binding Protein Regulation and Cross-Talk in the Control of AU-rich mRNA Fate (2017)

mRNA metabolism is tightly orchestrated by highly-regulated RNA Binding Proteins (RBPs) that determine mRNA fate, thereby influencing multiple cellular functions across biological contexts. Here, we review the interplay between six well-known RBPs (TTP, AUF-1, KSRP, HuR, TIA-1, and TIAR) that recognize AU-rich elements (AREs) at the 3' untranslated regions of mRNAs, namely ARE-RBPs. Examples of the links between their cross-regulations and modulation of their targets are analyzed during mRNA processing, turnover, localization, and translational control. Furthermore, ARE recognition can be self-regulated by several factors that lead to the prevalence of one RBP over another. Consequently, we examine the factors that modulate the dynamics of those protein-RNA transient interactions to better understand the final consequences of the regulation mediated by ARE-RBPs. For instance, factors controlling the RBP isoforms, their conformational state or their post-translational modifications (PTMs) can strongly determine the fate of the protein-RNA complexes. Moreover, mRNA specific sequence and secondary structure or subtle environmental changes are also key determinants to take into account. To sum up, the whole understanding of such a fine tuned regulation is a challenge for future research and requires the integration of all the available structural and functional data by <i>in vivo, in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approaches.
Tetrandrine Increased the Survival Rate of Mice With Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endotoxemia (2009)

Tetrandrine treatment either 1 hour before or 1 hour after LPS injection reduced the mortality rate of the mice with LPS-induced endotoxemia. The effects of tetrandrine on LPS-induced endotoxemia might be related to the suppression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and HMGB1 concentrations.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Sensors that Incorporate Click‐Derived Triazoles (2011)

Abstract Review: 140 refs.
A prototype low cost in-vehicle navigation system (1993)

A low cost in-vehicle navigation system being developed for use within the DRIVE PLEIADES (London-Paris Corridor) project is described. The system integrates vehicle position information from a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, broadcast traffic condition messages using both RDS-TMC and radio paging, and road network information from a route planning system. Instructions describing the route are presented to the driver on a small colour LCD and in spoken form. The system tracks the calculated optimum route and gives instructions for the next section of the route to be covered. The optimum route is continuously recalculated, reacting to TMC messages and the vehicles location.
The Haemolytic, Icteric and Lipemic Sample Recommendations Regarding their Recognition and Prevention of Clinically Relevant Interferences. Recommendations of the Working Group on Preanalytical Variables of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry and the German Society for Laboratory Medicine (2000)

Article The Haemolytic, Icteric and Lipemic Sample Recommendations Regarding their Recognition and Prevention of Clinically Relevant Interferences. Recommendations of the Working Group on Preanalytical Variables of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry and the German Society for Laboratory Medicine was published on January 1, 2000 in the journal Journal of Laboratory Medicine (volume 24, issue 8).
Social skills of children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (2004)

Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have difficulties in forming friendships and are often rejected by their peers. Factors that contribute to these negative social outcomes are poorly understood. This study investigated the social skills of children with NF1 and the influence of comorbid conditions, such as attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and specific learning difficulties. We assessed and analyzed data from 79 children with NF1 (42 males, 37 females; mean age 11 years 6 months, SD 2 years 4 months) and 46 unaffected siblings (19 males, 27 females; mean age 12 years 1 month, SD 2 years 6 months; age range 8 to 16 years). Social skills were measured with the Social Skills Rating System. Children with NF1 had significantly poorer social outcomes than their unaffected siblings, and significantly poorer social skills in comparison with normative data. The presence of ADHD (in 39% of children with NF1) was the major risk factor for poor social functioning. Children with NF1 and ADHD had the poorest social skills and social outcomes when compared with children with NF1 only or children with NF1 and learning difficulties. These findings dispel the previous assumption that NF1 alone is associated with poor social functioning and has major implications for the development of effective interventions.
On the origin of periodic surface structure of laser-annealed semiconductors (1978)

Observations on laser-irradiated GaAs are reported in which the phenomenon of induced surface periodicity is related to a nonlinear interaction between simultaneously oscillating axial modes of the laser. It is suggested that during surface melting and regrowth material is distributed along nodal lines of a standing acoustic wave pattern corresponding to the axial mode beat frequencies. The several patterns observed are not consistent with an interference effect at optical frequencies.
Silicon‐Based Visible‐Blind Ultraviolet Detection and Imaging Using Down‐Shifting Luminophores (2014)

A visible-blind UV detector design combining conventional silicon photodiodes with down-shifting luminophores in a light trapping configuration enables a response in a selective spectral band between 300 nm and 360 nm. An array of such detectors demonstrates the potential for using these structures in UV imagers, and suggests compatibility with large-area, CMOS-compatible Si electronics and photonics. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
COMBINING RESISTANCE TO LATE BLIGHT AND PVY IN POTATO (2007)

An attempt was made to develop potato hybrids with combined resistance to late blight and potato virus Y. Five crosses were made between the late blight resistant (PVY susceptible-nulliplex) and PVY resistant (duplex, late blight susceptible) parents and progenies were screened for both the diseases. The present study reveals that there is ample scope to combine high yield with late blight and PVY resistance in potato.
Isomer Distribution of Perfluorocarboxylates in Human Blood:  Potential Correlation to Source (2006)

Detection of perfluorocarboxylate anions (PFCAs), such as perfluorooctanoate (C7F15COO-, PFOA), at ng/g levels in human tissues has engendered public scrutiny of industrial fluorochemicals. Routes of PFCA exposure for the general human population are likely diverse given direct (industrially produced) and indirect (production from precursor organofluorines) sources. Major industrial production of organofluorines, including PFCAs, stems from either electrochemical fluorination (ECF) or telomerization. ECF products are a mixture of structural isomers (linear and branched perfluoroalkyls) and telomerization products are assumed to have one perfluorocarbon arrangement, typically linear. The objective of this research was to investigate structural isomer patterns of PFCAs in human blood. Volatile derivatives of PFCAs in human blood were analyzed by GC-(NCI)-MS for quantitation and isomers. PFOA was the dominant PFCA (mean 4.4 ng/g). Blood serum isomer profiles consisted of predominantly (mean approximately 98%) the linear isomer for each PFCA (C8-C11). There were similarities in branched isomer patterns of an ECF PFOA standard with both PFOA and PFNA in blood. Direct exposure to ECF PFOA, which has a legacy of production for uses in fluoropolymer industries, is postulated to be a source of the observed branched isomer pattern. Predominance of linear PFCA isomers and the [even PFCA] > [odd PFCA] concentration trend in blood is suggestive of additional input from a strictly linear perfluoroalkyl source.
Architecture of a surgical robot (2003)

The ROBODOC Surgical Assistant System has been developed to increase the accuracy and efficacy of surgical procedures. The first application is total hip replacement surgery, where the function of the robot is to machine a cavity in the patient's femure for a prosthetic implant. The authors describe the hardware and software architecture of the operating room component of the system. The design satisfies the unique requirements of the surgical environment and the general requirements of a complex robotic system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultra-Wide Band Diversity Antenna for Omnidirectional Coverage (2018)

In this paper, a 41 x 42.2 mm2 ultra-wide band (UWB) diversity antenna is designed to operate in the frequency band 5.45- 7.45 GHz with the isolation better than 15dB. To achieve omnidirectional coverage pattern diversity is applied. The proposed design is suitable for UWB applications requiring reliable radio link and coverage.