gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fréquence de la stéatose dans une population de patients diabétiques de type 1 : comparaison à une population témoin (2014)

La NASH est associée à l’obésité, et au diabète type 2. Toutefois des travaux récents suggèrent que la stéatose serait également très fréquente chez les patients diabétiques type 1 (DT1). Une étude italienne a retrouvé jusqu’à 44 % de DT1 atteint de stéatose (Targher J Hepatol 2010). Toutefois ces études ont évalué le niveau de stéatose par échographie qui n’est pas la technique de référence. Notre travail a pour but d’évaluer par IRM la stéatose de patients DT1 et de contrôles sains. AU total, 128 patients DT1 et 67 sujets témoins ont été inclus dans cette étude. Le contenu hépatique en graisse (CHG) a été mesuré par IRM. Un CHG > 5,6 % permet le diagnostic de stéatose. Les 2 groupes (DT1 et témoins) étaient similaires pour l’âge, le BMI et la répartition des sexes. Les patients DT1 avaient un CHG significativement plus bas que les contrôles (2,31 % ± 2,90 vs 2,92 % ± 4,71 ; p = 0,001). La présence d’une stéatose (CHG > 5,6 %) est significativement moins fréquente chez les patients DT1 (6/128 = 4,6 %) que chez les sujets contrôles (9/67 = 13,4 %), ( p = 0,04). En analyse multivariée, seul le BMI reste lié à la stéatose. Ce travail utilisant une technique quantitative fiable du CHG démontre à l’inverse de précédentes études utilisant l’échographie que le DT1 n’est pas associé à la présence d’une stéatose, ce qui est assez logique au niveau physiopathologique. Les patients DT1 ayant même tendance à avoir un CHG plus bas que les contrôles.
Photothermal conversion of gold nanoparticles for uniform pulsed laser warming of vitrified biomaterials (2020)

Pulsed laser (ms, 1064 nm) gold nanoparticle (GNP) heating has been used recently to achieve fast (>10 000 000 °C min<sup>-1</sup>) warming of vitrified droplets using gold nanorods (GNRs) as photon-absorbers. To maximize the viability of biomaterials in vitrified droplets, the droplets must be warmed as uniformly as possible. A potential approach to such warming is to use an appropriate combination of photon-absorption and -scattering to distribute heat more uniformly throughout a droplet. To investigate this, 2 plasmonic gold nanorods (GNRs), 1 hollow gold nanoshell, and 2 silica-core gold nanoshells (GNSs) were synthesized and characterized under 1064 nm laser irradiation in water, propylene glycol, and protein-rich (egg white) solutions. Using a modified cuvette laser calorimetry experiment with complementary Monte Carlo modeling, the GNSs were found to have higher per-particle absorption and scattering cross sections, while the GNRs had higher photothermal conversion efficiency, absorption efficiency, and Au mass normalized absorption cross sections. In the characterization, the GNSs with larger scattering-to-absorption ratios could have ∼30% over-estimation of photothermal conversion efficiency if scattering and reabsorption inside the solution were not considered, while GNRs with lower ratios were less impacted. Combined Monte Carlo and COMSOL simulations were used to predict the specific absorption rate (W m<sup>-3</sup>) and heating behavior of GNP-loaded hemispherical droplets, thereby demonstrating that the GNS case with higher scattering-to-absorption ratio achieved more uniform heating than the GNR case. Interestingly, further tuning of the scattering and absorption coefficients of the hemispherical GNP-loaded droplet within the model suggests the ability to obtain an optimal scattering-to-absorption ratio for uniform heating. These results show the importance of considering the reabsorption of scattered light to accurately characterize the photothermal conversion efficiency of GNP solutions during laser irradiation. We also show that the relative scattering and absorption properties of the nanoparticles can be designed to promote both rapid and uniform laser rewarming of vitrified droplets for application in cryopreservation.
Formulation of milk chocolate using milkfat fractions (1996)

Milk chocolate (30% total fat) was formulated by replacing cocoa butter at various concentrations with milkfat fractions from 12.2 to 40% of total fat. Maximum concentration of milkfat addition that produced temperable milk chocolate were up to 40% AMF, MMF and LMF, and up to 35% HMF. Modified tempering procedures were used for milk chocolates containing over 20% milkfat. Degree of temper was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and expressed as the ratio of enthalpies of melting for the higher stability polymorphs to those of lesser stability. Degree of temper was dependent on the crystallisation time and temperature and the type and quanity of milkfat fraction in the formulation. The solid fat content (SFC), as measured by DSC, of milk chocolate decreased with increasing milkfat addition. At 30°C, the SFC for milk chocolate containing 12.2% AMF was 53.1% and at 40% AMF addition, the SFC was 13.1%. A significant decrease in hardness was observed as the cocentration of milkfat increased. No significant differences in viscosity were detected among all conched samples at 40°C. However, a noted change in milk chocolate viscosity during tempering was observed. During accelerated fat bloom stability studies, milk chocolate samples with 25, 30, 35 or 40% AMF, MMF and HMF remained free of bloom after 100 days. Samples containing LMF at all concentrations bloomed within 37 days. No differences in sweet, milk powder, chocolate and butter flavor or thickness of melt were evident among the formulations. Significant differences in milk flavor and in the textural attributes of hardness, uniformity of mass and onset of melt were observed for increasing concentrations of milkfat. Sensory hardness and onset of melt decreased, and uniformity of mass increased with increasing concentrations of milkfat. No significant differences between the types of milkfat (AMF, HMF, MMF, LMF) were observed for any of the textural attributes tested.
Firefixia (2013)

People with dyslexia often face difficulties on consuming written content at the Web. This occurs mainly because websites' designs do not consider the barriers faced by them, since dyslexia is not taken into account as often as other functional limitations. Guidelines for designing accessible Web pages are being consolidated and studied. Meanwhile, people with dyslexia face barriers and develop workarounds to overcome these difficulties. This work presents a customization toolbar called Firefixia, especially designed to support people with dyslexia to adapt the presentation of Web content according to their preferences. Firefixia was tested by 4 participants with diagnosed dyslexia. The participants evaluated and provided us feedback regarding the toolbar most/least useful features. From the presented results, one expects to highlight the need for end-user customization features that are easy to access, easy to use, and easy to explore. Participants reported that the most useful customization features are the text size, the text alignment, and the link color. Finally, this work indicates promising directions for end-user customization tools such as Firefixia.
A Brain-Permeable Small Molecule Reduces Neuronal Cholesterol by Inhibiting Activity of Sirtuin 2 Deacetylase (2011)

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) deacetylase-dependent inhibition mediates neuroprotective reduction of cholesterol biosynthesis in an in vitro Huntington's disease model. This study sought to identify the first brain-permeable SIRT2 inhibitor and to characterize its cholesterol-reducing properties in neuronal models. Using biochemical sirtuin deacetylation assays, we screened a brain-permeable in silico compound library, yielding 3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-N-(3-bromphenyl)benzamide as the most potent and selective SIRT2 inhibitor. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated brain-permeability but limited metabolic stability of the selected candidate. In accordance with previous observations, this SIRT2 inhibitor stimulated cytoplasmic retention of sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 and subsequent transcriptional downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis genes, resulting in reduced total cholesterol in primary striatal neurons. Furthermore, the identified inhibitor reduced cholesterol in cultured naïve neuronal cells and brain slices from wild-type mice. The outcome of this study provides a clear opportunity for lead optimization and drug development, targeting metabolic dysfunctions in CNS disorders where abnormal cholesterol homeostasis is implicated.
Communities of Practice: The Organizational Frontier (2006)

Abstract Today’s economy runs on knowledge, and most companies work assiduously to capitalize on that fact. They use cross-functional teams, customer-or product-focused business units, and work groups-to name just a few organizational forms-to capture and spread ideas and know-how. In many cases, these ways of organizing are very effective, and no one would argue for their demise. But a new organizational form is emerging that promises to complement existing structures and radically galvanize knowledge sharing, learning, and change. It’s called the community of practice. What are communities of practice? In brief, they are groups of people informally bound together by shared expertise and passion for a joint enterprise engineers engaged in deep-water drilling, for example, consu1tants who specialize in strategic marketing, or frontline managers in charge of check processing at a large commercial bank.
Electrographic Correlates of Clinical Seizures (S53.007) (2018)

To assess electrographic differences between upper and lower response quartile patients treated with the RNS® System (NeuroPace, Inc.) for refractory focal epilepsies.
Aberrant Assembly of RNA Recognition Motif 1 Links to Pathogenic Conversion of TAR DNA-binding Protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) (2013)

Aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a pathological signature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) in TDP-43 proteinopathy, it remains unclear how native TDP-43 is converted to pathogenic forms. To elucidate the role of homeostasis of RRM1 structure in ALS pathogenesis, conformations of RRM1 under high pressure were monitored by NMR. We first found that RRM1 was prone to aggregation and had three regions showing stable chemical shifts during misfolding. Moreover, mass spectrometric analysis of aggregated RRM1 revealed that one of the regions was located on protease-resistant β-strands containing two cysteines (Cys-173 and Cys-175), indicating that this region served as a core assembly interface in RRM1 aggregation. Although a fraction of RRM1 aggregates comprised disulfide-bonded oligomers, the substitution of cysteine(s) to serine(s) (C/S) resulted in unexpected acceleration of amyloid fibrils of RRM1 and disulfide-independent aggregate formation of full-length TDP-43. Notably, TDP-43 aggregates with RRM1-C/S required the C terminus, and replicated cytopathologies of ALS, including mislocalization, impaired RNA splicing, ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and motor neuron toxicity. Furthermore, RRM1-C/S accentuated inclusions of familial ALS-linked TDP-43 mutants in the C terminus. The relevance of RRM1-C/S-induced TDP-43 aggregates in ALS pathogenesis was verified by immunolabeling of inclusions of ALS patients and cultured cells overexpressing the RRM1-C/S TDP-43 with antibody targeting misfolding-relevant regions. Our results indicate that cysteines in RRM1 crucially govern the conformation of TDP-43, and aberrant self-assembly of RRM1 at amyloidogenic regions contributes to pathogenic conversion of TDP-43 in ALS.
Evaluation of a 7050-TAF aluminum alloy submitted to creep age forming (2014)

CAF process combines creep and precipitation hardening which are highly dependent on time and temperature. The aging cycle relax the stresses induced during the loading phase. At the end of the process stress relaxation induces shape changes in the part but significant spring back is observed (about 70%). Usually CAF cycles for 7XXX alloys use times around 20 h and temperatures in the range of 120°C to 190°C. In the present work CAF tests were performed using the alloy 7050 in an intermediate condition named Temper to Age Forming (TAF). Using the alloy 7050-TAF resulted in significant process time reduction. From TAF temper, only 8 hours are necessary to achieve properties comparable to T74. Coupons were submitted to CAF in two levels of initial stress, 190 MPa and 290 MPa, resulting in spring back values of 70% and 60 % respectively. In addition, constant load creep tests were performed in the same stress levels and time of CAF tests to find the creep strain values. Creep tests performed under 190 MPa resulted in strain values around 0,1% after 8 h. On the other hand creep tests performed under 290 MPa failed after 7 h with creep strain values of 1,7%. Results obtained are close to that found in previous studies and it is possible to conclude that the use of alloy 7050 in TAF condition allows CAF to be done in 8 hours, since the initial stress is lower than 290 MPa.
L’action volontaire en loisir ou le troc des valeurs : initiative, engagement et créativité dans la société civile (2003)

RésuméL’action volontaire en loisir, comme toute forme de bénévolat, repose sur le libre engagement du citoyen à partir de sa situation au sein de la société civile. Lorsque l’objet de cet engagement intègre une partie de son loisir propre à le consacrer au service des autres, et ce gracieusement, il s’établit généralement une corrélation de connivence et de prédilection autour de goûts partagés et d’intérêts communs assimilables à un troc de valeurs dans la relation à autrui. Il s’ensuit des initiatives et des organisations aussi multiples que diversifiées, constituées à l’image même des formes illimitées que le loisir peut prendre. L’article se concentre sur la spécificité de cette forme d’action volontaire, sur la réalité historique au Québec en contexte nord-américain, sur quelques considérations anthropologiques illustrant ses forces et faiblesses, son organisation, sa croissance et sa rémanence, ainsi que sur sa présence indispensable au sein du loisir public contemporain.
LATE MANIPULATION UNDER ANAESTHESIA FOR THE STIFF TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: A SAFE AND EFFECTIVE STEPWISE APPROACH (2020)

Introduction Arthrofibrosis remains a persistent complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Although manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) is an effective early treatment, the risks and va...
An Efficient Synthesis of a Hydroxyethylamine (HEA) Isostere and Its α‐Aminophosphonate and Phosphoramidate Derivatives as Potential Anti‐HIV Agents (2012)

HIV protease is a promising drug target for AIDS therapy, and several potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors have been reported to date. Although existing inhibitors exhibit high selectivity, they have also been associated with severe side effects and the possible emergence of therapeutic resistance. As HIV protease cleaves the peptide bond via a tetrahedral intermediate, various transition-state models such as hydroxyethylamine (HEA) have been designed. We therefore pursued an efficient synthesis of an HEA isostere; this was performed with a novel one-pot reduction-transimination-reduction reaction sequence as a key step. α-Aminophosphonate and phosphoramidate derivatives of the HEA isostere were designed and synthesized, and all of the synthesized derivatives were assayed for their anti-HIV activities against wild-type and mutant HIV strains. Phosphoramidate derivative 15 a was found to be the most active of all synthesized compounds against the III(B) and RES056 strains. As phosphonates are known to exhibit physiological stability, good cell permeability, and other promising pharmacokinetic characteristics, our newly synthesized compounds have the potential as alternatives to existing therapeutics and diagnostics.
Chlamydia trachomatis Age-Specific Prevalence in Women Who Used an Internet-Based Self-screening Program Compared to Women Who Were Screened in Family Planning Clinics (2010)

Internet recruited women demonstrated higher positivity of chlamydia than those in family planning, providing new options for chlamydia screening programs.
Semi-Supervised Few-Shot Learning with Local and Global Consistency (2019)

Learning from a few examples is a key characteristic of human intelligence that AI researchers have been excited about modeling. With the web-scale data being mostly unlabeled, few recent works showed that few-shot learning performance can be significantly improved with access to unlabeled data, known as semi-supervised few shot learning (SS-FSL). We introduce a SS-FSL approach that we denote as Consistent Prototypical Networks (CPN), which builds on top of Prototypical Networks. We propose new loss terms to leverage unlabelled data, by enforcing notions of local and global consistency. Our work shows the effectiveness of our consistency losses in semi-supervised few shot setting. Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art in most benchmarks, showing large improvements in some cases. For example, in one mini-Imagenet 5-shot classification task, we obtain 70.1% accuracy to the 64.59% state-of-the-art. Moreover, our semi-supervised model, trained with 40% of the labels, compares well against the vanilla prototypical network trained on 100% of the labels, even outperforming it in the 1-shot mini-Imagenet case with 51.03% to 49.4% accuracy. For reproducibility, we make our code publicly available.
Inheritance is not subtyping (1994)

In typed object-oriented languages the subtype relation is typically based on the inheritance hierarchy. This approach, however, leads either to insecure type-systems or to restrictions on inheritance that make it less flexible than untyped Smalltalk inheritance. We present a new typed model of inheritance that allows more of the flexibility of Smalltalk inheritance within a statically-typed system. Significant features of our analysis are the introduction of polymorphism into the typing of inheritance and the uniform application of inheritance to objects, classes and types. The resulting notion of type inheritance allows us to show that the type of an inherited object is an inherited type but not always a subtype.
Estudio de la toma de decisiones en una variante de la Iowa Gambling Task. (2010)

The ultrasound-guided dSAPB combined with dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine may improve the QoR-15 in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy and indicates that it may be a useful intervention to aid recovery following breast cancer surgery. Furthermore, participants in the ropivacaine with DEX group met the superior pain relief in the early postoperative period, reduced postoperative cumulative opioid consumption, increased patient satisfaction, and no increase in the incidence of complications.
Transmission of the frequency components of the vibrational signal of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis, within and between grapevines (2019)

The agricultural pest, Homalodisca vitripennis, relies on vibrational communication through plants for species identification, location, and courtship. Their vibrational signal exhibits a dominant frequency between 80 and 120 Hz, with higher frequency, lower intensity harmonics occurring approximately every 100 Hz. However, previous research revealed that not all harmonics are recorded in every signal. Therefore, how the female H. vitripennis vibrational signal changes as it travels through the plant was investigated. Results confirmed that transmission was a bending wave, with decreased signal intensity for increasing distance from the source; moreover, at distances of 50 cm, higher frequencies traveled faster than lower frequencies, suggesting that dispersion of H. vitripennis signal components may enable signaling partners to encode distance. Finally, H. vitripennis generates no detectable airborne signal (pressure wave), yet their low vibrational frequency components are detectable in neighboring plants as a result of leaf-to-air-to-leaf propagation. For instance, with isolated key female signal frequencies, 100 Hz was detected at a 10 cm gap between leaves, whereas 600 Hz was detectable only with a 0.1 cm gap. Together, these results highlight the complexity of vibration propagation in plants and suggest the possibility of the animals using the harmonic content to determine distance to the signaling H. vitripennis source.
Microstructural investigations of refractory metal silicide films on silicon (1984)

In a closely correlated study, we have investigated phase transformations and grain growth phenomena together with measurements of electrical resistivity in the silicides of tungsten, molybdenum, and tantalum. In the case of WSi2, we find the tetragonal structure at all temperatures of anneal between 700 and 1100 °C. Furthermore, the activation energy, 0.65 eV, derived from grain growth measurements is close to the value, 0.66 eV, derived from the increase in electrical conductivity. In the case of MoSi2, we find a mixture of hexagonal and tetragonal phases after annealing at 700 °C and pure tetragonal phase at 800 °C and above. Once again the activation energies derived from grain growth and electrical conductivity measurements are very similar. TaSi2 gives anomalous results compared with the other two silicides. Electrical conductivity shows an asymptotic behavior with increasing anneal temperature. This is probably related to the fact that tetragonal TaO2 was found in the films.
An Improved Control Strategy for Grid-Connected Voltage Source Inverters with a LCL Filter (2006)

This paper proposes a novel control strategy for grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSI) with an LCL-filter. The strategy "split" the capacitor of LCL-filter into two parts, and the current flowing between these two parts is measured and used as the feedback of a current regulator to stabilize and improve the system performances. By this way, the inverter control system is simplified from third-order to first-order, and the close loop control system can easily be optimized for minimum steady-state error and current harmonic distortion. The characteristics of the inverter system with the proposed controller are investigated and compared with the traditional strategy. Simulations results are provided, and the new current control strategy has been experimentally tested on a 5kW fuel cell inverter.
Rigorous feed model for coaxially fed microstrip antenna (1990)

The input impedance of a microstrip patch antenna with an electrically thick substrate is calculated via a mixed potential integral equation (MPIE) and the method of moments (MoM). Basis functions are used on the coaxial probe. A special attachment mode is employed at the coaxial probeantenna junction. Since no thin substrate approximations are used, there are no theoretical limits on the substrate thickness. Measured and calculated results are compared.