gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and properties of poly(amide‐imide‐urethane) thermoplastic elastomers (1998)

A new class of poly(amide-imide-urethane) thermoplastic elastomers based on two-step synthesis of 4,4′-methylene bis(4-phenylisocyanate) with different polyols (PPG and PTMG) and trimellitic anhydride was synthesized. Both resulting polymers showed semicrystalline structures and were readily soluble in polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethyl formamide. The soluble poly(amide-imide-urethane)s afforded transparent, flexible, and tough films. Both new copolymers were then characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, universal tensile tester, simultaneous DTA/TGA (SDT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies, to determine their morphological structures, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. Compared to typical polyurethanes, these polymers exhibited better thermal stabilities due to the presence of imide groups. DSC and X-ray diffraction studies showed semicrystalline patterns for these polymers. Stress–strain properties revealed that these polymers have good extensibility like typical polyurethanes. © 1998 SCI.
Offloading of media transcoding for high-quality multimedia services (2012)

The demand for high-quality multimedia service in handheld devices has increased with the advance of consumer electronics technologies. However, there are inherent performance limits in such mobile devices due to low processing power, requirements for low power consumption, and limited storage capacity. These factors have obviously prevented high-performance multimedia services from being feasible. In addition, most of the mobile devices support distinct multimedia data formats for video and audio codecs, bit rate, and screen size. Therefore, streaming media or receiving data from other users' devices essentially requires additional data translation along with a transcoding operation. However, most of the processors that are used in mobile devices or even in personal media servers cannot provide sufficient processing power for transcoding. To address the problem, this paper proposes an efficient offloading method for media transcoding can be applied in current commercial products. The system is designed on top of Java and provides sufficient transcoding performance for media streaming with low-end processors.
The effect of inter-strand hopping term on charge transport properties of an aperiodic DNA molecule (2017)

The effect of inter-strand hopping on charge transport process in an aperiodic DNA molecule has been studied using a tight-binding Hamiltonian model. In this study, a double stranded aperiodic DNA molecule with sequence GCTAGTACGTGACGTAGCTAGGATATGCCTGA in one strand and its complement strand is used. The molecule is connected to an electrode on both ends. In the model, inter-base electron hopping is taken into account and represented by the inter-strand hopping parameter. The charge transport properties are studied from calculating transmission probability and I-V characteristics. Transfer matrix and scattering matrix methods are simultaneously used in computing transmission probability. The transmission probability is used in calculating the I-V characteristics using Launder-Büttiker formula. The result shows that change in inter-strand hopping term changes transmission probability, which changes I-V characteristics. The effect is clearer at high voltage and high temperature.
<title>Defect detection for short-loop process and SRAM-cell optimization by using addressable failure site-test structures (AFS-TS)</title> (2002)

This work describes the utilization of a novel test structure called addressable failure site test structure for short-loop defect detection and proposed a prototype test structure for SRAM process defect detection in advanced semiconductor manufacturing. The novel test structures are used to identify the locations of killer defects which are then used to wafer map defect sites. This simple and efficient killer defect identification of process steps is employed as yield enhancement strategy.
Production of Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites by a Prepreg Technique (2012)

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) were developed to overcome the intrinsic brittleness and lack of reliability of monolithic ceramics. Their major advantages include high temperature capability, light weight, corrosion resistance and adequate damage tolerance. All-oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites (OCMCs) offer essential advantages with respect to long time stability in oxidizing atmospheres, when compared to their non-oxide counterparts. Nevertheless, there is at present almost no production concept which meets the requirements in view of cost and performance for these materials. This work aims at producing OCMCs by means of a more flexible production route. This is achieved by integrating well-known powder metallurgy routes with the prepreg technique, used at present for producing commercial high performance polymer matrix composites. The processing consists of the following steps: (a) infiltration of commercial alumina fiber fabrics (3M Nextel TM 610) with a liquid suspension of the matrix material; (b) lamination of the pre-infiltrated fiber textiles with a paraffin-based suspension for the formation of prepregs; (c) layup of prepregs; (d) warm-pressing for the consolidation of the green body; (e) debinding and (f) reaction bonding and/or sintering for synthesis of the oxide matrix. Pure alumina or Reaction Bonded Aluminum Oxide (RBAO) can be used as matrix materials and damage tolerance is achieved by the porous, weak-matrix approach. Microstructural analysis of a pure alumina composite fabricated by this route show good infiltration of fiber bundles and proves the good adhesion of prepregs during processing. Average strength value of 199 MPa in fiber direction is in good agreement with values presented in the literature for OCMCs produced by other techniques.
Influence of Excipient Composition on Survival of Vaginal Lactobacilli in Electrospun Nanofibers (2022)

The lack of appropriate delivery systems hinders the use of probiotics in the treatment of vaginal infections. Therefore, the development of a new delivery system for the local administration of vaginal probiotics is necessary. In this study, we selected three vaginal lactobacilli, i.e., <i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus jensenii</i>, and incorporated them into nanofibers using electrospinning. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was used as a carrier polymer to produce nanofibers. It was supplemented with alginate and sucrose selected from a group of carbohydrates for their growth-promoting effect on lactobacilli. The interaction between excipients and lactobacilli was evaluated thermally and spectroscopically. Bacterial survival in polymer solutions and in nanofibers immediately after electrospinning and after storage varied among species and was dependent on the formulation. Sucrose improved the survival in polymer solutions and preserved the viability of <i>L. crispatus</i> and <i>L. jensenii</i> immediately after electrospinning, and <i>L. gasseri</i> and <i>L. jensenii</i> during storage. Blending PEO with alginate did not improve species viability. However, the three lactobacilli in the nanofibers retained some viability after 56 days, indicating that composite multifunctional nanofibers can maintain the viability of vaginal lactobacilli and can be used as a potential solid delivery system for vaginal administration of probiotics.
Recurrent miscarriage is associated with increased numbers of CD5/20 positive lymphocytes and an increased incidence of thyroid antibodies (1996)

Roberts J. Jenkins C, Wilson R, Pearson C, Franklin IA, MacLean MA, McKillop JH, Walker JJ. Recurrent miscarriage is associated with increased numbers of CD5/20 positive lymphocytes and an increased incidence of thyroid antibodies. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:84–6. ISSN 0804–4643 The aim of this study was to determine whether recurrent miscarriage (three or more miscarriages, no live children) was associated with an increased incidence of autoantibodies. Five groups were enrolled into the study; healthy non-pregnant women, healthy first-trimester pregnant women, women suffering spontaneous abortion, those undergoing termination of pregnancy and those with a previous history of miscarriage. The number of total B cells and the numbers of the antibody producing B cell subset CD5 + /CD20 + were determined for each group. Samples were tested for anticardiolipin antibodies, antinuclear antibodies and thyroid microsomal and thyroglobulin antibodies. The results showed that compared to normal pregnancy or spontaneous abortion, recurrent miscarriage was associated with a significant increase in the number of CD5 + /20 + positive cells (0.8 ± 0.3 vs 0.5 ± 0.1 vs 1.1 ± 0.3 × 10 8 /l: p &lt; 0.001). These women were also found to have a higher incidence of thyroid antibodies, with four out of the 11 patients being positive for thyroid microsomal antibodies. These results suggest that there may be an association between autoimmunity and recurrent miscarriage. R Wilson, Department of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
Visualization and performance prediction of multithreaded Solaris programs by tracing kernel threads (2003)

Efficient performance tuning of parallel programs is often hard. We present a performance prediction and visualization tool called VPPB. Based on a monitored uni-processor execution, VPPB shows the (predicted) behaviour of a multithreaded program using any number of processors and the program behaviour is visualized as a graph. The first version of VPPB was unable to handle I/O operations. This version has, by an improved tracing technique, added the possibility to trace activities at the kernel level as well. Thus, VPPB is now able to trace various I/O activities, e.g., manipulation of OS internal buffers, physical disk I/O, socket I/O, and RPC. VPPB allows flexible performance tuning of parallel programs developed for shared memory multiprocessors using a standardized environment; C/C++ programs that uses the thread package in Solaris 2.X.
Quality analysis for images acquired by a new microwave staring correlation imaging technique (2012)

Microwave staring correlation (MSC) imaging is a new type of active high-resolution microwave imaging technique. Image quality assessment is of vital for developing and monitoring any remote imaging system. This paper presented the image quality analysis for this imaging technique by theoretical analysis and simulation. MSC imaging method was introduced firstly. Then, image properties were analyzed and compared with SAR image. Speckle noise effect and side lobe of point target effect, which are intrinsic properties of SAR image, do not exist in MSC image. The quality metrics of MSC image were presented. IRW-Staring time ratio was proposed to describe the image property that image resolution improves with the number of received signals used in the image reconstruction procedure. Finally, the effects of different system parameters on the image quality were investigated via simulation experiments. The analysis results could be helpful for future imaging algorithm development and system design.
Genome Sequence of Prosthecochloris sp. Strain HL-130-GSB, from the Phylum Chlorobi (2017)

The genome of the green sulfur bacterium <i>Prosthecochloris</i> sp. strain HL-130-GSB, isolated from a cyanobacterial mat obtained from Hot Lake, a saline meromictic lake in Washington, USA, comprises 2,437,774 bp in a single contig. The genome is predicted to encode 2,565 proteins and contain 47 tRNA genes and 2 rRNA operons.
siRNA Delivery with Liposomes as Platform Technology (2018)

................................................................................................. 176 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................. 176 6.2 Challenges with siRNA Delivery ................................................. 180 6.3 siRNA Delivery Approaches ........................................................ 182 6.4 Need for Liposomal Delivery ...................................................... 185 6.5 Excipient-Driven siRNA Delivery ............................................... 187 6.6 Formulation Aspects .................................................................... 191 6.7 siRNA for Cancer Therapy .......................................................... 194 6.8 Toxicity Concerns of Cationic Liposomes ................................... 194 6.9 Clinical Relevance of siRNA Delivery Vehicles ......................... 195 6.10 Conclusion ................................................................................... 197 Keywords .............................................................................................. 197 References ............................................................................................. 197PREETHI NAIK and MANGAL S. NAGARSENKER*Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400098, India*Corresponding author. E-mail: mangal.nagarsenker@gmail.comABSTRACTOver the past decade, research in the field of gene silencing mediated through the RNA interference (RNAi)-driven small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-based therapies has grown exponentially. Though siRNA has shown the potential to address a wide array of diseases, it has failed to deliver on that promise because of the challenge of intracellular delivery. Nanocarrier systems, suitably designed to form supramolecular assemblies with siRNA, can aid in achieving safe and effective delivery of siRNA to the cytosol of target cells. This chapter discusses the phenomenon of RNAi, the different attempts for improving intracellular delivery of siRNA with special focus on excipient driven liposomal nanocarrier systems, clinical relevance of siRNA delivery vehicles, and the toxicity concerns associated with such carrier systems.
Impact of Dopants (Al, Mg, Mn, Co) on the Reactivity of LixNiO2 with the Electrolyte of Li-Ion Batteries (2019)

First-principles computation of bulk O binding energies and Bader charges revealed the importance of Li content on thermal decomposition of charged high-nickel positive electrode materials for Li-ion batteries (LixNi1-yMyO2, 0 < x < 1, y = 0, 0.05, M = Al, Mg, Mn, Co). The impact of individual dopants on the safety of these materials was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) at two different states of charge corresponding to materials with two different Li contents. It was found that thermal stability strongly depends on the Li content of the material and that dopants serve to increase thermal stability by reducing the amount of Li removed from the material at a given voltage. This work sheds light on an unavoidable trade-off between high capacity and thermal stability for high-nickel materials.
Incidence and predictive factors of transaminase elevation in patients consulting for dengue fever in Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana (2016)

Although very frequent, the incidence of major transaminase elevation was lower than reported elsewhere perhaps because of good access to care, or of the particular serotype causing this epidemic. The patients with transaminase elevation tended to be older, more severe and taking paracetamol. .
Craniofacial Repair (2005)

Annually, skeletal injury and specifically craniofacial injury total approx 12.2 million people in the United States (1). Advances in craniofacial therapy, founded on developing knowledge of the molecular signals and intercellular communication, has greatly improved the restoration of form and function. Fracture healing is a complex physiological process. Cellular and biochemical processes that occur during fracture healing parallel those that take place in the growth plate during development, except in fracture healing these processes occur on a temporal scale (2–4). Similarities in the processes occurring at the growth plate and at the fracture site permit some knowledge from growthplate analysis to comprehend events in fracture healing. Fracture healing involves a series of distinct cellular responses. Specific paracrine and autocrine intercellular signaling pathways control cellular and osseous tissue mineralization (Fig. 1). However, extrapolation of knowledge of growth-plate molecular dynamics is insufficient to achieve consistently optimal bone regeneration during primary and secondary fracture healing.
Biofunctionalization of conductive hydrogel coatings to support olfactory ensheathing cells at implantable electrode interfaces (2015)

Mechanical discrepancies between conventional platinum (Pt) electrodes and neural tissue often result in scar tissue encapsulation of implanted neural recording and stimulating devices. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a supportive glial cell in the olfactory nervous system which can transition through glial scar tissue while supporting the outgrowth of neural processes. It has been proposed that this function can be used to reconnect implanted electrodes with the target neural pathways. Conductive hydrogel (CH) electrode coatings have been proposed as a substrate for supporting OEC survival and proliferation at the device interface. To determine an ideal CH to support OECs, this study explored eight CH variants, with differing biochemical composition, in comparison to a conventional Pt electrodes. All CH variants were based on a biosynthetic hydrogel, consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) and heparin, through which the conductive polymer (CP) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) was electropolymerized. The biochemical composition was varied through incorporation of gelatin and sericin, which were expected to provide cell adherence functionality, supporting attachment, and cell spreading. Combinations of these biomolecules varied from 1 to 3 wt %. The physical, electrical, and biological impact of these molecules on electrode performance was assessed. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the addition of these biological molecules had little significant effect on the coating's ability to safely transfer charge. Cell attachment studies, however, determined that the incorporation of 1 wt % gelatin in the hydrogel was sufficient to significantly increase the attachment of OECs compared to the nonfunctionalized CH.
The influence of illness duration on syndrome clarity and stability in functional psychosis: Does the diagnosis emerge and stabilise with time? (1994)

This review aims to examine the relationship between phase and duration of illness and the clarity and stability of syndromes in psychotic illness. Originating from clinical experience with first episode psychosis, where Neo-Kraepelinian templates and the underlying model have felt especially awkward and ill-fitting, a hypothesis that the clinical picture of functional psychosis might become clearer over time and stabilise in individual patients is proposed which involves the notion of differentiation. A broad range of psychopathological studies and historical papers which refer directly or indirectly to the evolution of the clinical picture in psychosis over time are reviewed. The findings are difficult to interpret, since few studies have focused directly on the issue; however there is evidence of evolution over time of the clinical picture, particularly within the schizophrenia spectrum, and instability beyond this. Further research is needed to clarify the longitudinal patterns of psychopathology in psychotic illness. The capacity for evolution and instability and consequent scope for reclassification of patients has important implications for research and psychoeducation in early psychosis.
Broker: an interprocess communication solution for multi-robot systems (2005)

We describe in this paper a novel implementation of the interprocess communication (IPC) technology, called Broker, in support of the development and the operation of a complex robot system. We view each robot system as a collection of processes that need to exchange information, e.g. motion commands and sensory data, in a flexible and convenient fashion, without affecting each other's operations in case of a process's scheduled termination or unexpected failure. We argue that the IPC technology provides an ideal framework for this purpose, and we carefully make our design decisions about its implementation based on the needs of robotics applications. Broker is programming language, operating system, and hardware platform independent and has served us well in a RoboCup project and collective robotics experiments, in both simulation and real-world environments.
Micromixing effects on a parallel reaction in flow reactors (1993)

Abstract Using the micromixing concepts of Danckwerts and Zwietering, the Peclet number Pe has been correlated mathematically to the degree of segregation J for the axial dispersion model. The results were applied to compare the micromixing effects on a model, mixed‐order parallel reaction system in continuous flow reactors. Axial dispersion model, and Ng and Rippin's two‐environment model were used to find the micromixing effects in tubular and stirred tank reactors, respectively. The performance of these reactors, with varying geometries, has been evaluated in terms of overall conversion, selectivity, and yield under identical operating and reaction conditions. The overall conversion increases in a tubular reactor with the increase in J , irrespective of the kinetic orders. However, in a stirred tank reactor, the conversion is found to be micromixing‐sensitive, depending on the order of reaction. For m = 1 and n = 2 (case 1), the conversion is fairly insensitive to micromixing effects while it decreases for m = 0.5 and n = 1 (case 2) with increasing J . For the same extent of micromixing, a tubular reactor gives, in both cases, a higher conversion than a stirred tank reactor. The selectivity, in either case, decreases in both reactors with increasing segregation effects. However, in each case, the selectivity of a tubular reactor was fairly close to that of a stirred tank reactor at the same value of J . As far as the yield is concerned, both reactors achieve nearly the same value, without significant micromixing effects.
Static indentation test for neocartilage surface hardness in repair of periosteal articular cartilage defects. (2006)

The objective of this study was to determine whether hardness of the superficial layer is a useful parameter to characterise cartilage produced by periosteal neochondrogenesis, using rabbit knee lesions as a model. A cartilage defect was created in the right hind knee of anesthetised young adult rabbits, and the defect was then covered with an autologous periosteal graft. At one and eight months postsurgery, rabbits were euthanised, and the articular cartilage lesion sites were evaluated for the histological parameters in a modified O'Driscoll scale, which is the current 'gold standard' for new cartilage properties. In addition, a static indentation test was performed, using a Shore-A sclerometer to measure surface hardness of the new cartilage. The hardness values had a statistically significant, positive correlation with the O'Driscoll parameters. This combination of a biomechanical measure and the O'Driscoll scale provided a more definitive indicator of graft quality. The results suggest that a hardness test with some type of sclerometer should be included in the functional characterisation of all engineered or grafted neocartilage.