gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functions and implementation of substation-area backup protection in smart substation (2017)

Substation-area protection is the key aspect of new generation protection system with a layered structure in smart substation. This paper describes the concept, coverage and functions of substation-area protection and the coordination with other subsystems. Then an idea of implementing full-featured applications of substation-area protection gradually has been proposed. According to the practical functions, a series of protection modules have been designed subsequently, which involve unit redundancy protection, optimized substation-area backup protection and substation-area automatic controller. To meet the requirements mentioned above, a dedicated hardware platform has been proposed, including main processor module, FPGA (field programmable gate array) data processing module and a data communication module between boards. Finally, a prototype of substation-area protection adopting the proposed design has been realized. The performance of the prototype is evaluated through static experiments and RTDS (Real Time Digital Simulator) simulation of a typical 110kV substation. The test results show that the specialized indexes of the prototype have fully reached engineering requirements.
Seamless Model-Based Development of Embedded Systems with AF3 Phoenix (2013)

To effectively and efficiently use a model-based development process, tools must offer integrated system views on several levels of abstraction, and provide useable sophisticated analysis and synthesis techniques. We demonstrate how these features are implemented for the development of embedded systems in AF3 Phoenix.
The Hippocampal Formation in Schizophrenia (2010)

The hippocampal formation is one of the most extensively studied regions of the brain, with well-described anatomy and basic physiology; moreover, aspects of human memory mediated by the hippocampus are well characterized. In schizophrenia, alterations in hippocampal anatomy, perfusion, and activation are consistently reported; impairments in declarative memory function, especially in the flexible use of event memories (e.g., in the service of memory-based inference), are common. Postmortem molecular changes suggest a selective reduction in glutamate transmission in the dentate gyrus and in its efferent fibers, the mossy fiber pathway. A reduction in dentate gyrus glutamatergic output and in its information processing functions could generate two co-occurring outcomes in the hippocampus: 1) a change in homeostatic plasticity processes in cornu ammonis 3 (CA3), accompanied by increased activity due to reduced afferent stimulation from the dentate gyrus onto CA3 neurons, a process that could increase the pattern completion functions of CA3, and 2) the loss of mnemonic functions specific to the dentate gyrus, namely pattern separation, a change that could increase the prevalence of illusory pattern completion and reduce discrimination between present and past experiences in memory. The resulting increase in "runaway" CA3-mediated pattern completion could result in cognitive "mistakes," generating psychotic associations and resulting in memories with psychotic content. Tests of this model could result in novel approaches to the treatment of psychosis and declarative memory alterations and in novel animal preparations for basic schizophrenia research.
The use of 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazine as a reagent for aldehydes and ketones (1926)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae induce a 68-kilodalton phosphorylated protein in macrophages (1994)

The present study was performed to examine whether Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae induce specifically a protein kinase-mediated phosphorylated protein that is involved in the mechanism of signal transduction. The fimbriae induced a 68-kDa phosphorylated protein (pp68) in a dose-dependent manner in mouse peritoneal macrophages. A marked appearance of pp68 was observed 20 min after the initiation of fimbrial treatment. The fimbria-induced pp68 was inhibited dramatically by staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. pp68 induction was also inhibited by H-7, a potent inhibitor of several types of protein kinase. However, the induction was not inhibited by HA-1004 and H-8, relatively high-affinity inhibitors of protein kinase A. Phorbol myristate acetate and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, activators of protein kinase C, were able to induce pp68 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. This protein was localized in the cytosolic fraction of fimbria-treated macrophages. pp68 also was induced in fimbria-treated human monocyte-like cells. Finally, we observed that gene expression of the fimbria-induced neutrophil chemoattractant KC was inhibited markedly by staurosporine.
Optimal robustness in the gap metric (2003)

It is shown that the problem of robustness optimization in the gap metric is equivalent to robustness optimization for normalized coprime factor perturbations. The proof of this result involves showing that a ball of uncertainty in the gap metric, of a given radius, is equal to a ball of uncertainty, of the same radius, defined by perturbations of a normalized right coprime fraction, provided the radius is sufficiently small for a controller to be found to stabilize the ball. The relationship between balls of uncertainty defined by perturbations of left fractions with those defined by perturbations of right fractions is investigated. It is shown that these are, in general, different, although it turns out that a controller stabilizes all plants in the left ball if and only if it stabilizes all plants in the right ball. The problem of combined plant and controller uncertainty is also addressed. The plant and controller are shown to play reciprocal roles with respect to uncertainty in the gap. The minimal amount of combined plant and controller uncertainty that may cause instability is determined. A detailed summary of the main properties of the gap metric is given, and a dual metric called the T-gap metric is introduced. The extension of the results to infinite dimensional systems is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Processing of MnBi bulk magnets with enhanced energy product (2016)

We report magnetic properties and microstructure of high energy-product MnBi bulk magnets fabricated by low-temperature ball-milling and warm compaction technique. A maximum energy product (BH)max of 8.4 MGOe and a coercivity of 6.2 kOe were obtained in the bulk MnBi magnet at room temperature. Magnetic characterization at elevated temperatures showed an increase in coercivity to 16.2 kOe while (BH)max value decreased to 6.8 MGOe at 400 K. Microstructure characterization revealed that the bulk magnets consist of oriented uniform nanoscale grains with average size about 50 nm.
The many faces of the LIDB data base (2003)

Applications of the line information database (LIDB), which was initially developed to support alternate billing services for local exchange carriers, are described. These applications include calling name delivery, five-number calling card service, personal identification number (PIN) validation for service activation, and messaging services.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
.alpha. Anions of carboxylic acids. II. Formation and alkylation of .alpha.-metalated aliphatic acids (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha. Anions of carboxylic acids. II. Formation and alkylation of .alpha.-metalated aliphatic acidsPhilip E. Pfeffer, Leonard S. Silbert, and John M. Chirinko Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 3, 451–458Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00968a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00968a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views864Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An interactive system for creating object models from range data based on simulated annealing (2002)

Sensing to recognize and locate objects is a critical need for robotic operations in unstructured environments. An accurate 3D model of objects in the scene is necessary for efficient high level control of robots. Drawing upon concepts from supervisory control, we have developed an interactive system for creating object models from range data, based on simulated annealing. Site modeling is a task that is typically performed using purely manual or autonomous techniques, each of which has inherent strengths and weaknesses. However, an interactive modeling system combines the advantages of both manual and autonomous methods, to create a system that has high operator productivity as well as high flexibility and robustness. Our system is unique in that it can work with very sparse range data, tolerate occlusions, and tolerate cluttered scenes. We have performed an informal evaluation with four operators on 16 different scenes, and have shown that the interactive system is superior to either manual or automatic methods in terms of task time and accuracy.
Analysis and design of high efficiency inductive power-links using a novel matching strategy (2012)

One of the major factors that limit the powering distance in any RF energy scavenging sensor is the intrinsic threshold of the voltage-multiplier or voltage-boosting circuits. In this paper we present a passive matching network that overcomes the threshold-voltage limitation by enhancing the quality-factor of the voltage-multiplier front-end. We first derive the figures-of-merits comparing the theoretical improvements that can be achieved by the proposed matching network over a conventional parallel matching network. Using measured results from prototypes fabricated in a 0.5-μm CMOS process we show that for a fixed transmission power, the proposed approach significantly increases the powering distance of a 13.56MHz RF scavenging sensor.
Sierra/SolidMechanics 5.8 Theory Manual (2022)

Presented in this document are the theoretical aspects of capabilities contained in the Sierra / SM code. This manuscript serves as an ideal starting point for understanding the theoretical foundations of the code. For a comprehensive study of these capabilities, the reader is encouraged to explore the many references to scienti?c articles and textbooks contained in this manual. It is important to point out that some capabilities are still in development and may not be presented in this document. Further updates to this manuscript will be made as these capabilities come closer to production level.
Neural Network Interpretation Scheme For A Frequency-Domain Electromagnetic Ellipticity Surveys (1995)

A system of neural networks is used for the interpretation of electromagnetic ellipticity data from a frequencydomain&lt;br&gt;electromagnetic system developed at the Laboratory for Advanced Subsurface Imaging. The in-field data&lt;br&gt;interpretation consists of networks operating in mapping mode (1D) and object mode (3D, not yet implemented).&lt;br&gt;The purpose of the interpretation system is to provide a fast, approximate yet reasonable interpretation in the field&lt;br&gt;during a survey. Our approach to the neural network processing is to divide the interpretation into many parts&lt;br&gt;using several small networks. Three network paradigms were used for training, a backpropagation algorithm,&lt;br&gt;radial basis functions, and modular neural networks. We have tested the networks for a frequency range of 1kHz&lt;br&gt;to 1MHz with synthetic data and from a field survey in Wyoming.
Queuing Analysis for Multiuser Downlink Channel: Throughput Regions and Exponential Backlog Bounds (2008)

While multiuser scheduling strategies have been intensively studied recently, the resulting throughput and delay performance affecting strongly end-to-end performance of wireless communication systems can still be evaluated by simulations only. In this paper we approach this problem and consider bounds for delay and queue backlog for a large class of scheduling policies. Adopting a general state space Markov chain model the concept of policy-specific throughput regions is introduced. Then, under the regime of the policy, a recursive formula for calculating all polynomial moments of the queue backlog is provided. Moreover, it is shown that even exponential decay of the tail distribution can be obtained under proper circumstances. Based on these results, upper bounds on the buffer overflow probability are derived giving insights for practical buffer dimensioning problems.
Near-field sub-diffraction photolithography with an elastomeric photomask (2020)

Photolithography is the prevalent microfabrication technology. It needs to meet resolution and yield demands at a cost that makes it economically viable. However, conventional far-field photolithography has reached the diffraction limit, which imposes complex optics and short-wavelength beam source to achieve high resolution at the expense of cost efficiency. Here, we present a cost-effective near-field optical printing approach that uses metal patterns embedded in a flexible elastomer photomask with mechanical robustness. This technique generates sub-diffraction patterns that are smaller than 1/10<sup>th</sup> of the wavelength of the incoming light. It can be integrated into existing hardware and standard mercury lamp, and used for a variety of surfaces, such as curved, rough and defect surfaces. This method offers a higher resolution than common light-based printing systems, while enabling parallel-writing. We anticipate that it will be widely used in academic and industrial productions.
Sextant prostate biopsies. A histopathologic correlation with radical prostatectomy specimens (1995)

The number of positive sextant biopsies appears to be an important prognostic indicator of pathologic (pT) classification and tumor volume. This information is valuable in selecting the treatment strategy for patients with prostate cancer.
Developing ''SMART'' equipment and systems through collaborative NERI research and development (2000)

The United States Department of Energy initiated the Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) to conduct research and development with the objectives of: (1) overcoming the principal technical obstacles to expanded nuclear energy use, (2) advancing the state of nuclear technology to maintain its competitive position in domestic and world markets, and (3) improving the performance, efficiency, reliability, and economics of nuclear energy. Fiscal Year 1999 program funding is $19 Million, with increased finding expected for subsequent years, emphasizing international cooperation. Among the programs selected for funding is the ``Smart Equipment and Systems to Improve Reliability and Safety in Future Nuclear Power Plant Operations''. This program is a 30 month collaborative effort bringing together the technical capabilities of ABB C-E Nuclear Power, Inc. (ABB CENP), Sandia National Laboratories, Duke Engineering and Services (DE and S), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Pennsylvania State University (PSU). The program's goal is to design, develop and evaluate an integrated set of smart equipment and predictive maintenance tools and methodologies that will significantly reduce nuclear plant construction, operation and maintenance costs. To accomplish this goal the Smart Equipment program will: (1) Identify and prioritize nuclear plant equipment that would most likely benefit from adding smart features; (2) Develop a methodology for systematically monitoring the health of individual pieces of equipment implemented with smart features (i.e. smart equipment); (3) Develop a methodology to provide plant operators with real-time information through smart equipment Man-Machine Interfaces (MMI) to support their decision making; (4) Demonstrate the methodology on a targeted component and/or system; (5) Expand the concept to system and plant levels that allow communication and integration of data among smart equipment. This paper will discuss (1) detailed subtask plans for the entire program, including expected achievements, (2) preliminary results from the early program phases and (3) the program's relationship to other NERI programs being conducted by the same team.
Expression and function of CD8 in a murine T cell hybridoma. (1987)

In general, the human CD8 molecule is expressed on T cells specific for HLA class I molecules. Studies designed to delineate the function and to define the ligand of the CD8 molecule have been complicated by the fact that the presumptive ligand for CD8 is on the HLA class I molecule, the same molecule encoding the ligand for the antigen-specific T cell receptor. The ability to express genes in cells other than their natural host has produced a new technology with which to approach CD8 functional studies. The insertion of a cDNA clone for CD8 in a defective retroviral vector has allowed the transfer of CD8 by infection with the resulting defective retrovirus. CD8 was then expressed in an HLA class II-specific T cell, thus separating the ligand requirements of the TCR and CD8. By this approach, the human CD8 molecule was expressed in a murine T cell hybridoma specific for human class II antigens. The resulting CD8+ hybridomas demonstrated a 10-fold increase in IL-2 production over the parent cell line when stimulated with JY, a human B lymphoblastoid cell line expressing both class I and II HLA antigens, demonstrating that expression of CD8 increases T cell activation. mAbs directed against the CD8 molecule inhibited the response of CD8+ hybridomas to JY, supporting the conclusion that the CD8 molecule was fractional. The role of CD8 as a receptor for class I MHC antigens was addressed by stimulation with a cell line expressing HLA-DR antigens, but lacking the expression of HLA class I antigens (Daudi). Stimulation of the CD8+ hybridomas by Daudi did not result in increased IL-2 production. The response to Daudi was unaltered by the addition of anti-CD8 mAb, in contrast to the ability of anti-CD8 mAb to block JY stimulation. Furthermore, mAbs directed against the class I antigens present on JY cells were able to block the enhanced response of the CD8+ hybridomas to JY. These data support the hypothesis that HLA class I molecules are the ligands involved in the CD8-dependent enhancement of T cell activation.
Mitarbeiterrekrutierung über das Internet (2005)

The internet virtually revolutionized the possibilities of employee recruiting. First of all, this contribution undertakes a description of the market. Then, advantages and possible problems of the recruitment via internet are discussed. The empirical study analyses the issues, which persons search for and find a new job via internet and which consequences arise for these persons. The results include that rather well educated persons find jobs with long working hours via internet. Controlling for several individual and job-based characteristics no differences with regard to wages and job satisfaction are found compared to other ways of recruiting.
Mechanism of Acidification that Progresses in Library Collections of Books Made of Alkaline Paper (2020)

Abstract Acidification mechanisms of paper were examined, studying 120 pairs of identical copies of books published from 1971 to 2010 housed in two Japanese university libraries. The pH at the edges of the alkaline paper lowered from 7.5 to 6.4 after 5–10 years and to 5.8 after 10–15 years after publication. The pH bottomed at 5.4 at the edges and at 7.0 in the centre of the sheet. Acid paper showed higher pH at the edges than in the centre of the sheet. The edge pH of the alkaline paper of books stored on an above-ground floor was lower due to more exposure to incoming open air with pollutants compared to paper stored in the basement. Elemental analysis suggested nitrogen oxide deposition, but could not prove sulphur oxide deposition at the edges of the paper. The position-dependent acidification is presumed to relate to the deposition tendency of air pollutants contained in open air, and accordingly the edge pH dropped dramatically. In the 1980s, alkaline paper was increasingly used in the production of books, and it was assumed that no more book acidification was to occur; however, this study concludes that even in alkaline paper, acidification processes will take place over time.
Development and Preliminary Validation of the Cancer Family Impact Scale for Colorectal Cancer (2008)

The CFIS could be used to clarify the role that family factors play in the association between CRC family history and CRC prevention behaviors, and also aid in the development and evaluation of family-based cancer prevention interventions.
Trials are best, ignore the rest: safety and efficacy of digoxin: (2015)

Observational data might have misled doctors for years.

Research, doi:10.1136/bmj.h4451

Nearly 20 years after the digoxin in heart failure (DIG) trial showed that digoxin reduced hospital admissions for heart failure by 28% with no effect on mortality,1 many clinicians still see this drug as a last resort—reflected in guidelines that reserve it only for those with severe or worsening heart failure when first and second line treatments have failed.2 One reason might have been the numerous observational studies indicating the potentially worrying trade-off that digoxin is associated with an increased risk of death.

The linked article by Ziff and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.h4451), a meta-analysis of digoxin treatment for heart failure or atrial fibrillation (or both), sheds light on the discordant findings between randomised and observational studies.3 They show that the mechanism of the association with mortality in observational studies is that clinicians preferentially gave digoxin to sicker patients: when these patients died, there was therefore a true but misleading association between death and digoxin. The paper paints …
Identification of anti-CD16a single domain antibodies and their application in bispecific antibodies (2019)

CD16a (FcγRIIIa) mediates the antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and is important for anti-tumor activities of many therapeutic antibodies. Bispecific antibody targeting natural killer (NK) cells has been studied for cancer therapy. In this work, anti-CD16a single-domain antibodies were identified from hCD16a immunized camel. Bispecific antibodies are then constructed by fusing these single domain antibodies with an anti-CEA single domain antibody. These bispecific antibodies can recruite NK cells to kill CEA-positive tumor cells, and inhibit tumor growth in vivo, suggesting that these anti-CD16a single domain antibodies are powerful tools to engaging NK cells for cancer therapy.