gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute isovolemic hemodilution and anesthesia on regional function in left ventricular myocardium with compromised coronary blood flow (1992)

The effects of progressive, isovolemic hemodilution using Dextran 70 and the effect of halothane (0.7, 0.9, 1.1, and 1.3% end-tidal, administered randomly at each level of hemodilution) on global cardiovascular and regional LV contractile functions were investigated in 24 dogs with induced critical constriction of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Two additional groups of six dogs each (with and without LAD stenosis) not undergoing hemodilution served as time controls. Regional LV contractile function was assessed by sonomicrometry in the flow-compromised apical LAD territory, as well as in three non-compromised LV areas supplied by the left circumflex coronary artery. Regional myocardial function was found to be stable throughout the study period of 4-5 h in both time control groups. Mean arterial and coronary perfusion pressures as well as LV dP/dtmin decreased (P < 0.01) during hemodilution. LV dP/dtmax remained unchanged, and heart rate and LVEDP increased slightly (P < 0.05). Systolic shortening (SS) in the LAD territory was unchanged at a hematocrit (HCT) of 33.5 +/- 0.3% (mean +/- s.e. mean), and decreased marginally at an HCT of 24.2 +/- 0.1% (SS of 17.4 +/- 1.0% as compared to 20.2 +/- 1.6% at critical constriction (CC), P < 0.05). No increase in post-systolic shortening (PSS) occurred in the compromised area. Severe LAD dysfunction was observed in the LAD territory at an HCT of 14.9 +/- 0.1%, as systolic shortening decreased (11.8 +/- 1.1%, P < 0.01 vs CC) and PSS increased (31.2 +/- 3.4%, P < 0.01 vs CC). The effects of hemodilution on global cardiovascular and regional myocardial functions were unaffected by halothane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reflection Holograms Formed Using Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals (1998)

Abstract The electrical switching characteristics of reflection gratings formed using polymer-dispersed liquid crystals are explored. First, an explanation for the lack of switching in previously formed gratings formed using E7 as the liquid crystal is proposed based on experiments on slightly slanted gratings. These confirm that the LC director orientation within the anisotropically-shaped LC domains is parallel to the grating vector(and applied electric field direction). Slight modification of the syrup leads to transmission gratings with different polarization dependencies and reflection gratings (non-slanted) that switch completely with a modest electric field. These differences are attributed to a 90° rotation in the preferred LC director orientation within the LC domains. This change in orientation results in strong coupling of the electric field with the LC dipoles in a reflection geometry thereby leading to easier switching. The microstructure of these grating structures are explored using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy and bright-field transmission electron microscopy.
Metamaterial-based model of the Alcubierre warp drive (2011)

Electromagnetic metamaterials are capable of emulating many exotic space-time geometries, such as black holes, rotating cosmic strings, and the big bang singularity. This paper presents a metamaterial-based model of the Alcubierre warp drive and studies its limitations due to available range of material parameters. It appears that the material parameter range introduces strong limitations on the achievable ``warp speed'' so that ordinary magnetoelectric materials cannot be used. However, newly developed ``perfect'' bianisotropic nonreciprocal magnetoelectric metamaterials should be capable of emulating the physics of warp drive gradually accelerating up to 1/4$c$.
Compensating the Island Network Voltage Unsymmetricity With DTC-Modulation-Based Power Conditioning System (2004)

An algorithm for compensating island network voltage unsymmetricity with a direct torque control modulation-based scalar-controlled power conditioning system is introduced and experimentally verified. The proposed method consists of two separate stages where at first the unsymmetricity is detected and then a compensating negative-sequence system is calculated. Experimental results show that the proposed method fully compensates the voltage unsymmetricity resulting from unbalanced load. Both the magnitude and the phase angle unsymmetricity are compensated.
Differential Privacy of Big Data: An Overview (2016)

Differential privacy has seen dramatic development in recent decades as data mining of the statistical private datasets in a distributed big data environment has become an effective paradigm that, it is argued, guarantees the mathematically rigorous privacy of the participants by ensuring the equivalence of the analyzing results with the removal or addition of a single database item. However, challenges relating to the trade-off between privacy and utility still apply with the application of differential privacy. In this survey, we review and re-examine those new improvements of the differential privacy mainly in correlated scenarios, along with different methods of choosing the epsilon for achieving a better trade-off between the privacy and utility of the datasets in conventional settings, so as to build up deeper insights on specific technical aspects of this paradigm and its future trends of development.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of FGF-20 and DKK1 are transcriptional targets of beta-catenin and FGF-20 is implicated in cancer and development. (2005)

b-catenin is the major effector of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Mutations in components of the pathway that stabilize b-catenin result in augmented gene transcription and play a major role in many human cancers. We employed microarrays to identify transcriptional targets of deregulated b-catenin in a human epithelial cell line (293) engineered to produce mutant b-catenin and in ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas characterized with respect to mutations affecting the Wnt/b-catenin pathway. Two genes strongly induced in both systems-FGF20 and DKK1-were studied in detail. Elevated levels of FGF20 RNA were also observed in adenomas from mice carrying the Apc Min allele. Both XFGF20 and Xdkk-1 are expressed early in Xenopus embryogenesis under the control of the Wnt signaling pathway. Furthermore, FGF20 and DKK1 appear to be direct targets for b-catenin/TCF transcriptional regulation via LEF/TCF-binding sites. Finally, by using small inhibitory RNAs specific for FGF20, we show that continued expression of FGF20 is necessary for maintenance of the anchorage-independent growth state in RK3E cells transformed by b-catenin, implying that FGF-20 may be a critical element in oncogenesis induced by the Wnt signaling pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A ROTENONE‐LIKE BENZOPYRANOBENZOPYRANONE (1982)

Abstract Aus der o‐llydroxyphenylessigsäure (Ia) entsteht der Ester (lb).
The Central Metabolism Regulator EIIAGlc Switches Salmonella from Growth Arrest to Acute Virulence through Activation of Virulence Factor Secretion (2014)

The ability of Salmonella to cause disease depends on metabolic activities and virulence factors. Here, we show that a key metabolic protein, EIIAGlc, is absolutely essential for acute infection, but not for Salmonella survival, in a mouse typhoid fever model. Surprisingly, phosphorylation-dependent EIIAGlc functions, including carbohydrate transport and activation of adenylate cyclase for global regulation, do not explain this virulence phenotype. Instead, biochemical studies, in vitro secretion and translocation assays, and in vivo genetic epistasis experiments suggest that EIIAGlc binds to the type three secretion system 2 (TTSS-2) involved in systemic virulence, stabilizes its cytoplasmic part including the crucial TTSS-2 ATPase, and activates virulence factor secretion. This unexpected role of EIIAGlc reveals a striking direct link between central Salmonella metabolism and a crucial virulence mechanism.
Focusing of Surface Acoustic Wave on a Piezoelectric Crystal (2006)

We investigate the focusing phenomena of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) field generated by a circular-arc inter-digital transducer (IDT) on a piezoelectric crystal. A rigorous vector field theory of surface excitation on the crystal we developed previously is used to evaluate the convergent SAW field instead of the prevalent scalar angular spectrum used in optics. The theoretical results show that the anisotropy of a medium has great impact on the focusing properties of the acoustic beams, such as focal length and symmetrical distributions near the focus. A dark field method is used in experiment to observe the focusing of the SAW field optically. Although the convergent phenomena of SAW field on the anisotropic media or piezoelectric crystals are very complicated, the experimental data are in agreement with those from the rigorous theory.
A New Synthesis of Ketones (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Synthesis of KetonesE. J. Corey and Michael. ChaykovskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 8, 1639–1640Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01062a039Request reuse permissionsArticle Views751Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (288 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fermentation of isoleucine and arginine by pure and syntrophic cultures ofClostridium sporogenes (1986)

The fermentation of isoleucine, arginine and isoleucine + arginine by pure and syntrophic cultures of Clostridium sporogenes was investigated. Growth of C. sporogenes on isoleucine, if any, was poor, but some isoleucine was fermented to 2-methylbutyrate and hydrogen. In syntrophic cultures with Methanobacterium formicicum or Methanosarcina barkeri growth was better, and isoleucine was completely fermented, the hydrogen being used for methane production. Pure cultures of C. sporogenes grew on arginine and produced 5-aminovalerate, ornithine and acetate. The reducing equivalents for 5-aminovalerate production from intermediarily formed proline were provided by oxidative conversion of arginine to acetate and by oxidative metabolism of some amino acids present in the yeast extract. However, when isoleucine was available together with arginine in syntrophic cultures of C. sporogenes and M. formicicum, the reducing equivalents for arginine fermentation came mainly from the oxidation of isoleucine (Stickland reaction), and the hydrogen produced in excess served for the reduction of CO2 to methane.
Characterizing Exploratory Behaviors on a Personal Visualization Interface Using Interaction Logs (2020)

Personal visualizations present a separate class of visualizations where users interact with their own data to draw inferences about themselves. In this paper, we study how a realistic understanding of personal visualizations can be gained from analyzing user interactions. We designed an interface presenting visualizations of the personal data gathered in a prior study and logged interactions from 369 participants as they each explored their own data. We found that the participants spent different amounts of time in exploring their data and used a variety of physical devices which could have affected their engagement with the visualizations. Our findings also suggest that the participants made more comparisons between their data instances than with the provided baselines and certain interface design choices, such as the ordering of options, influenced their exploratory behaviors.
Hydrolysis of Bamboo Fiber for Production of Fermentable Sugars in Saturated Formic Acid (2012)

Bamboo is thought as an alternative feedstock for the production of fine chemicals, such as fuel ethanol and lactic acid to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. Pretreatment is an essential step in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass for bioethanol production. In this study, hydrolysis of bamboo fiber for fermentable sugars production in hydrochloric acid used as a catalyst in saturated formic acid solution were studied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the hydrochloric acid concentration, temperature, the ratio of solid to liquid and reaction time on the fermentable sugars production. The optimum conditions were: adding 4% hydrochloric acid in saturated formic acid solution, temperature of 65 °C, 4% of the ratio of solid to solvent, with a reaction time of 90 min, under these conditions, the hydrolysate contained 23.52% glucose and 28.51% reducing sugars.
Safety and Efficacy of MRI-Based Selection for Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment: Responder Analysis of Outcome in the 3-Hour Time Window (2009)

MRI-based rtPA is safe and time-efficient. Outcome data compares well with NINDS data. Diagnostic information obtained from multimodal MRI may affect the target group. Our data support the hypothesized benefit of MRI in patients with severe stroke.
An Efficient Color Space for Deep-Learning Based Traffic Light Recognition (2018)

Traffic light recognition is an essential task for an advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) as well as for autonomous vehicles. Recently, deep-learning has become increasingly popular in vision-based object recognition owing to its high performance of classification. In this study, we investigate how to design a deep-learning based high-performance traffic light detection system. Two main components of the recognition system are investigated: the color space of the input video and the network model of deep learning. We apply six color spaces (RGB, normalized RGB, Ruta’s RYG, YCbCr, HSV, and CIE Lab) and three types of network models (based on the Faster R-CNN and R-FCN models). All combinations of color spaces and network models are implemented and tested on a traffic light dataset with 1280×720 resolution. Our simulations show that the best performance is achieved with the combination of RGB color space and Faster R-CNN model. These results can provide a comprehensive guideline for designing a traffic light detection system.
Practical Product Importance Sampling for Direct Illumination (2008)

Abstract We present a practical algorithm for sampling the product of environment map lighting and surface reflectance. Our method builds on wavelet‐based importance sampling, but has a number of important advantages over previous methods. Most importantly, we avoid using precomputed reflectance functions by sampling the BRDF on‐the‐fly. Hence, all types of materials can be handled, including anisotropic and spatially varying BRDFs, as well as procedural shaders. This also opens up for using very high resolution, uncompressed, environment maps. Our results show that this gives a significant reduction of variance compared to using lower resolution approximations. In addition, we study the wavelet product, and present a faster algorithm geared for sampling purposes. For our application, the computations are reduced to a simple quadtree‐based multiplication. We build the BRDF approximation and evaluate the product in a single tree traversal, which makes the algorithm both faster and more flexible than previous methods.
Planar waveguide echelle gratings: an embeddable diffractive element for photonic integrated circuits (2003)

We have demonstrated a 40-channel echelle grating demultiplexer with a 100 GHz channel spacing, using silica-on-silicon planar waveguides. We show the output spectrum of several channels, measured using a tunable laser source. The measured cross-talk is better than -35 dB, the insertion loss is approximately 5 dB including fibre-to-waveguide coupling, and the polarization birefringence has been eliminated using a modified compensator design which eliminates losses due to mode mismatch. Planar waveguide EG devices are also easily scalable to higher channel counts and the device described here is currently being adapted to a 256-channel demultiplexer chip.
N-myc Down Regulates Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression in Rat Neuroblastoma (1990)

In human neuroblastoma, amplification of the N-myc oncogene is correlated with increased metastatic ability. We recently showed that transfection of the rat neuroblastoma cell line B104 with an N-myc expression vector resulted in an increase in metastatic ability and a significant reduction in the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens. We examined whether N-myc causes additional phenotypic changes in these cells. We showed that expression of N-myc leads to a dramatic reduction in the levels of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) polypeptides and mRNAs. Spontaneous revertants of the high N-myc phenotype were found to have regained significant levels of NCAM expression, indicating that the continued expression of N-myc is required to maintain the low NCAM phenotype. NCAM was not reduced in B104 cells transfected with the neomycin resistance vector alone, and other neuronal markers were not specifically reduced in N-myc-transfected B104 cells. As NCAM functions in cell-cell adhesion, decreased NCAM expression could contribute significantly to the increased metastatic potential of N-myc-amplified neuroblastomas.
Data from Integrative Pan-Cancer Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Refractory Metastatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Metastatic relapse after treatment is the leading cause of cancer mortality, and known resistance mechanisms are missing for most treatments administered to patients. To bridge this gap, we analyze a pan-cancer cohort (META-PRISM) of 1,031 refractory metastatic tumors profiled via whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. META-PRISM tumors, particularly prostate, bladder, and pancreatic types, displayed the most transformed genomes compared with primary untreated tumors. Standard-of-care resistance biomarkers were identified only in lung and colon cancers—9.6% of META-PRISM tumors, indicating that too few resistance mechanisms have received clinical validation. In contrast, we verified the enrichment of multiple investigational and hypothetical resistance mechanisms in treated compared with nontreated patients, thereby confirming their putative role in treatment resistance. Additionally, we demonstrated that molecular markers improve 6-month survival prediction, particularly in patients with advanced breast cancer. Our analysis establishes the utility of the META-PRISM cohort for investigating resistance mechanisms and performing predictive analyses in cancer.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study highlights the paucity of standard-of-care markers that explain treatment resistance and the promise of investigational and hypothetical markers awaiting further validation. It also demonstrates the utility of molecular profiling in advanced-stage cancers, particularly breast cancer, to improve the survival prediction and assess eligibility to phase I clinical trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-5-ITI" target="_blank"&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1027&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A new live‐cell biobank workflow efficiently recovers heterogeneous melanoma cells from native biopsies (2015)

Fibroblast contamination can make establishing primary melanoma cell cultures from native biopsies a major challenge, due to fibroblasts overgrowing the melanoma cells. Standard protocols therefore enrich for highly proliferative melanoma cells that grow well in vitro but may not represent the full range of in vivo tumor heterogeneity. Here we apply conditional methods that more effectively retrieve melanoma cells by differential trypsinization or by inducing fibroblast senescence through contact inhibition, serum starvation or deprivation of adhesion. Simple mixing experiments of melanoma and fibroblast cells demonstrated the efficacy of the new protocols in retrieving slow-growing melanoma cells. Applying our protocols to 20 cultures that had failed to grow by conventional methods, we could retrieve 12 (60%) validated melanoma cell cultures. Further application of the protocols in the live-cell biobank of 124 early passage cultures significantly improved recovery rates from 13% using standard protocols to 70% overall for the new workflow.
Computationally Supported Inversion of Ketoreductase Stereoselectivity (2023)

Whereas directed evolution and rational design by structural inspection are established tools for enzyme redesign, computational methods are less mature but have the potential to predict small sets of mutants with desired properties without laboratory screening of large libraries. We have explored the use of computational enzyme redesign to change the enantioselectivity of a highly thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus in the asymmetric reduction of ketones. The enzyme reduces acetophenone to (S)-1-phenylethanol. To invert the enantioselectivity, we used an adapted CASCO workflow which included Rosetta for enzyme design and molecular dynamics simulations for ranking. To correct for unrealistic binding modes, we used Boltzmann weighing of binding energies computed by a linear interaction energy approach. This computationally cheap method predicted four variants with inverted enantioselectivity, each with 6-8 mutations around the substrate-binding site, causing only modest reduction (2- to 7-fold) of k<sub>cat</sub> /K<sub>M</sub> values. Laboratory testing showed that three variants indeed had inverted enantioselectivity, producing (R)-alcohols with up to 99 % enantiomeric excess. The broad substrate range allowed reduction of acetophenone derivatives with full conversion to highly enantioenriched alcohols. The results demonstrate the use of computational methods to control ketoreductase stereoselectivity in asymmetric transformations with minimal experimental screening.
la guerre de positions des géants sur le réseau mobile (2013)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published