gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Power-Aware Placement and Routing Algorithm Targeting 3D FPGAs (2008)

In current reconfigurable architectures, the interconnect structures increasingly contribute to the delay and power consumption budget. The demand for increased clock frequencies and logic availability (smaller area foot print) makes the problem even more important, leading among others to rapid elevation in power density. Three-dimensional (3D) architectures are able to alleviate this problem by accommodating a number of functional layers, each of which might be fabricated in different technology. Since power consumption is a critical challenge for implementing applications onto reconfigurable hardware, a novel power-aware placement and routing (P&amp;R) algorithm targeting to 3D FPGAs, is introduced. The proposed algorithm achieves to redistribute the switched capacitance over identical hardware resources in a rather "balanced" profile, reducing among others the number of hotspot regions, the maximal values of power sources at hotspots, as well as the percentage of device area that consumes high power. For evaluation purposes, the proposed approach is realized as a new CAD tool, named 3DPR0 (3D-Placement-and-Routing-Optimization), which is part of the complete framework, named 3D MEANDER. Comparing to alternative solutions, the proposed one reduces the percentage of silicon area that operates under high power by 63%, while it leads to energy savings (about 9%), with an almost negligible penalty in application's delay ranging from 1% up to 5%. Copyright © 2008 American Scientific Publishers.
Crystal and molecular structures of the inclusion compounds of cholic acid with methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol (1990)

The 1:1 inclusion compounds of cholic acid with methanol (C24H40O5.CH4O), ethanol (C24H40O5.C2H6O) and 1-propanol (C24H40O5.C3H8O) crystallize in the P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group with unit-cell dimensions at 293 K: a = 15.198 (6), b = 11.625 (7), c = 14.560 (9) A; a = 14.653 (7), b = 11.739 (4), c = 15.045 (2) A; and a = 15.026 (2), b = 11.864 (9), c = 14.951 (4) A; Z = 4. The structures were solved using direct methods. Full-matrix least-squares refinement reduced the conventional R factor to values of 0.109, 0.066 and 0.071, respectively. The alcohol molecules are contained in cavities created by the cholic acid molecules and are involved in the hydrogen-bonding scheme consisting of five unique hydrogen bonds. Statistical disorder is observed for the ethanol and 1-propanol molecules.
Colard Mansion, passeur de textes ? (2016)

Cette contribution est consacrée à l'une des personnalités majeures du milieu du livre brugeois de la seconde moitié du XVe siècle, Colard Mansion († ca 1484), qui fut tour à tour copiste, imprimeur, traducteur ou encore homme d'affaires. L'étude de la production littéraire de Colard Mansion a également été l'occasion de se pencher sur sa carrière et les nombreuses zones d'ombres de sa biographie.
How to tell the difference between sinus infections and colds (2013)

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When your child has a runny nose, cough and fever, it can be hard to tell whether it’s just a common cold or a more severe illness like a sinus infection. Here are some tips to help you handle your child’s illness and know when your child should visit the pediatrician.
B8S16—An “Inorganic Porphine” (1980)

The extremely hydrolysis-sensitive compound (BS2)8, obtained by fusion of a mixture of B2S3 and S8 in vacuo (300/100°C), has been found by X-ray structure analysis to be a planar porphine analogue. A second synthetic route starts from pre-formed five-membered rings.
Space Technologies for Enhancing the Resilience and Sustainability of Indigenous Reindeer Husbandry in the Russian Arctic (2005)

To adapt successfully to the major changes - climate, environment, economic, social and industrial - which have taken place across the Arctic. in recent years, indigenous communities such as reindeer herders must become increasingly empowered with the best available technologies to add to their storehouse of traditional knowledge. Remotely-sensed data and observations are providing increased capabilities for monitoring, risk mapping, and surveillance of parameters critical to the characterization of pasture quality and migratory routes, such as vegetation distribution, snow cover, infrastructure development, and pasture damages due to fires. This paper describes a series of remote sensing capabilities, which are useful to reindeer husbandry, and gives the results of the first year of a project, Reindeer Mapper, which is a remote sensing and GIs-based system to bring together space technologies with indigenous knowledge for sustainable reindeer husbandry in the Russian Arctic. In this project, reindeer herders and scientists are joining together to utilize technologies to create a system for collecting and sharing space-based and indigenous knowledge in the Russian Arctic. The Reindeer Mapper system will help make technologies more readily available to the herder community for observing, data collection and analysis, monitoring, sharing, communications, and dissemination of information - to be integrated with traditional, local knowledge. This paper describes some of the technologies which comprise the system including an intranet system to enable to the team members to work together and share information electronically, remote sensing data for monitoring environmental parameters important to reindeer husbandry (e.g., SAR, Landsat, AVHRR, MODIS), indigenous knowledge about important environmental parameters, acquisition of ground- based measurements, and the integration of all useful data sets for more informed decision-making.
Prognostic Impact of Follow-Up Serum Albumin After Acute Myocardial Infarction (2021)

Regardless of albumin status in the acute phase of AMI, LSA in the remote phase after AMI was significantly associated with long-term adverse outcomes.
Clinical Evidence of Contralateral Renal Parenchymal Injury in Patients With Unilateral Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis (1998)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Kidney Transplantation and Renovascular Hypertension1 Dec 1998Clinical Evidence of Contralateral Renal Parenchymal Injury in Patients With Unilateral Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis M.J. Tullis, R.E. Zierler, M.T. Caps, R.O. Bergelin, K. Cantwell-Gab, and D. E. Jr. Strandness M.J. TullisM.J. Tullis More articles by this author , R.E. ZierlerR.E. Zierler More articles by this author , M.T. CapsM.T. Caps More articles by this author , R.O. BergelinR.O. Bergelin More articles by this author , K. Cantwell-GabK. Cantwell-Gab More articles by this author , and D. E. Jr. StrandnessD. E. Jr. Strandness More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62333-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Clinical Evidence of Contralateral Renal Parenchymal Injury in Patients With Unilateral Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis." The Journal of Urology, 160(6 Part 1), pp. 2300–2301 Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 160Issue 6 Part 1December 1998Page: 2300-2301 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information M.J. Tullis More articles by this author R.E. Zierler More articles by this author M.T. Caps More articles by this author R.O. Bergelin More articles by this author K. Cantwell-Gab More articles by this author D. E. Jr. Strandness More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Focused-ion-beam nanostructured photonic cavities for integrated lasers in crystalline double tungstate channel waveguides (2011)

In this work, the authors report utilization and optimization of the focused ion beam (FIB) milling technique for fabrication of grating structures to obtain integrated active photonic devices. The ridge waveguides in the KGLW:Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> layers were aligned along the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ng</i> optical axis of the material to make use of the large emission cross-section of the active ions when operated in TE polarization. The active film thickness was 1.92 μm, etched down by a depth of 1.2 μm using Ar <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> milling. The resulting ridge waveguides had widths varying between 5 and 8 μm. Finally, a 1-μm-thick Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> film was deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition as a top cladding layer to increase the overlap of the optical mode with the active waveguide region.
Amniotic Fluid Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Defects or Arrhythmias (2018)

AF NT-proBNP concentrations increase in stepwise fashion with the severity of HF in fetuses with CHD or arrhythmia; it was the optimal NP for assessing the fetal HF.
Nonlinear compression of tilted light pulses (1998)

Nonlinear pulse compression under special conditions of large group-velocity mismatch (GVM) and strong energy exchange suggested for the first time 8 years ago [1,2], was demonstrated to be a simple and efficient method to generate powerful femtosecond pulses via frequency doubling of picosecond Nd-laser pulses in KDP crystal. However, the direct transfer of this technique to other wavelengths or other well-developed laser sources (Ti:sapphire, for instance) encounters serious problems related to the lack of nonlinear crystals with suitable dispersive properties. To this regard, the use of tilted pulses offers unique possibility to adjust the GVM in a nonlinear crystal for a particular wavelength [3,4].
Bayesian oligogenic analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits in general pedigrees (2001)

A Bayesian method for multipoint oligogenic analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits is presented. This method can be applied to general pedigrees, which do not necessarily have to be "peelable" and can have large numbers of markers. The number of quantitative/qualitative trait loci (QTL), their map positions in the genome, and phenotypic effects (mode of inheritances) are all estimated simultaneously within the same framework. The summaries of the estimated parameters are based on the marginal posterior distributions that are obtained through Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. The method uses founder alleles together with segregation indicators in order to determine the genotypes of the trait loci of all individuals in the pedigree. To improve mixing properties of the sampler, we propose (1) joint sampling of map position and segregation indicators, (2) omitting data augmentation for untyped or uninformative markers (homozygous parent), and (3) updating several markers jointly within a single block. The performance of the method was tested with two replicate GAW10 data sets (considering two levels of available marker information). The results were concordant and similar to those presented earlier with other methods. These analyses clearly illustrate the utility and wide applicability of the method.
Ultrasonic nanoimprint lithography: a new approach to nanopatterning (2006)

We report an ultrasonic nanoimprint lithography (U-NIL) method that can overcome the drawbacks of energy consumption and long process times that occur in conventional nanoimprint lithography (NIL) methods. Instead of using heaters in conventional NIL, the proposed U-NIL employs an ultrasonic source located on the top of the mold to generate high-frequency vibrations, causing the increase of temperature to soften and melt the thermoplastic polymer. The ultrasonic source is induced by the transducer, consisting of a number of piezoelectric ceramic disks sandwiched between two aluminum metal blocks. Since the ultrasonic source provides a vibration with tens of kilohertz frequencies, the temperature of the polymer can increase rapidly. Consequently, the process time is significantly reduced. The experimental results demonstrate that vibratory energy could be concentrated in transferring the topography of a mold's surface into the polymer. In addition, we found that under appropriate conditions, such as ultrasonic time, imprinted pressure/force, frequency, and amplitude of vibration, the feature on the mold can replicate into the polymer film in a few seconds. We conclude that the proposed U-NIL process has the potential to become a novel nanoimprinting method with high productivity, energy efficiency, and low cost.
PROTECTION OF MOORING BUOYS. PART 5. FOURTH RATING INSPECTION (1965)

Abstract : This is the fifth of a series of reports on the protection of mooring buoys. Fourteen test buoys were given their fourth rating for extent of coating deterioration, corrosion of steel, and fouling. Another buoy was so deteriorated it was removed from test. Exposure periods vary for the buoys. The coating systems on eight of the buoys were in good condition and six showed varying degrees of moderate deterioration. Two sets of thirteen test panels coated with the systems used on the buoys were rated for the third time after 18 months exposure, and results showed a general correlation. Environmental corrosion is supplemented by abrasion of buoys by mooring naval vessels. Three of the buoys were cathodically protected with a sacrificial magnesium anode, a control head, and a zinc anode, united directly to the ground cable, was substituted for the magnesium and potentials were increased to the desired magnitude.
ChemInform Abstract: Pheromone Syntheses. Part 78. Synthesis of the Four Thermodynamically Stable Stereoisomers of 2,7‐Dimethyl‐1,6‐dioxaspiro[4.6]undecane, a Component of the Volatile Secretion from the Mandibular Glands of Andrena haemorrhoa F. (1986)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (VIa), (VIb), (VIIIa) bzw. (VIIIb) werden synthetisiert: Das nach bekanntem Verfahren aus dem (R)‐Hydroxyester (I) erhältliche Derivat′(lla) wird über die Stufen (IIb)‐ (Ile) indas Iodid (IIf) übergeführt, das mit der bekannten Verbindung (IIIa) über die Stufen (IV), (Va) und (Vb) in (VIa) übergeführt wird.
Optomechanical design of tunable InP-based Fabry-Perot filters for wavelength division multiplexing applications (2005)

Micromachined tunable Fabry-Perot interferometers based on compound semiconductors have earlier been proposed for fiber optic communications employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) for wavelengths around 1.55 µm. The cavity length in micromachined interferometers is varied by displacing one of the two distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirrors by electrostatic actuation of supporting beams. The filter's optical response for varying cavity lengths is simulated by a transfer matrix method, and the optical tuning efficiency of the filter is 0.53. We investigate three conventional filter designs using the finite element method (FEM) and compare it with a new proposed filter design. Using a mathematical model, deflection is analytically calculated and compared with finite element analysis results. Due to the way in which the mirror is integrated with a suspending framework of beams, bending within the mirror during actuation cannot be averted. The filter's optical performance demands that the mirror remain so flat that the maximum bending deflection is 1 nm for the mirror of given dimensions. Using a criterion based on mechanical and optical considerations, the dimensions of the beams suspending the mirror are optimized for each filter design under investigation. Combining the optical and mechanical simulations by FEM, wavelength tuning characteristics for each filter design are determined.
Drying Kinetics of Onion Slices in a Hot-air Dryer (2008)

Onion slices were dehydrated in a single layer at drying air temperatures ranging from 50～70℃ in a laboratory scale convective hot-air dryer at an air velocity of 0.66 m/s. The effect of drying air temperature on the drying kinetic characteristics were determined. It was found that onion slices would dry within 210～460 min under these drying conditions. Moisture transfer during dehydration was described by applying the Fick's diffusion model and the effective diffusivity changed between 1.345×10?? and 2.658×10?? ㎡/s. A non-linear regression procedure was used to fit 9 thin layer drying models available in the literature to the experimental drying curves. The Logarithmic model provided a better fit to the experimental drying data as compared to other models. Temperature dependency of the effective diffusivity during the hot-air drying process obeyed the Arrhenius relationship with estimated activation energy being 31.36 kJ/㏖. The effect of the drying air temperature on the drying model constants and coefficients were also determined.
Nonlinear Modeling of the Heat Transfer in Loudspeakers (2004)

Traditional modeling describes the heat flow in loudspeakers by an equivalent circuit using integrators with different time constants. The parameters of the lumped elements are assumed to be independent of the amplitude of the signal. The simple model fails in describing the forced-air convection cooling, which becomes an effective cooling mechanism if the velocity of the coil and/or the air velocity in the gap becomes high. A large-signal model which considers the nonlinear interactions between the electromechanical and the thermal mechanisms is described. The model and parameters are verified by practical measurements on the drivers. The dominant paths for the heat flow are identified, and means for increasing the power handling capacity are discussed.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL FUSION IMPROVES LONG-TERM OUTCOME IN COMPARISON TO POSTEROLATERAL FUSION: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL STUDY WITH 5–9 YEARS FOLLOW-UP (2006)

Introduction Circumferential fusion has become a common procedure in lumbar spinal fusion, both as a primary and salvage procedure. However, the claimed advantages of circumferential fusion over conventional posterolateral fusion lack scientific documentation. The aim of the present study was to analyse the long-term outcome; functional disability, pain and general health of circumferential lumbar fusion in comparison to instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion. Methods From April 1996 to November 1999 a total of 148 patients with severe chronic low back pain were randomly selected for either posterolateral lumbar fusion (titanium Cotrel-Dubousset) or circumferential lumbar fusion (instrumented posterolateral fusion with anterior intervertebral support by a Brantigan cage). The primary outcome measure was the Dallas Pain Questionnaire (DPQ). The secondary outcome measures were, the Oswestry Disability Index, the SF-36 instrument and the Low Back Pain Rating Scale. All measures assessed the end-point outcomes at 5–9 years postoperatively. Results The available follow-up rate was 93%. The circumferential group showed a significantly better improvement (p Discussion Circumferential lumbar fusion demands more extensive operative resources compared to posterolateral lumbar fusion. However, 5–9 years after surgery the circumferentially fused patients had a significantly improved outcome compared to posterolateral fusion alone. These new results underline the superiority of circumferential fusion in the complex pathology of the lumbar spine and are strongly supported in all validated questionnaires.
Community Composition Determines Activity of Antibiotics against Multispecies Biofilms (2017)

In young cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is typically the most prevalent organism, while in adults, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is the major pathogen. More recently, it was observed that also <i>Streptococcus anginosus</i> plays an important role in exacerbations of respiratory symptoms. These species are often coisolated from CF lungs, yet little is known about whether antibiotic killing of one species is influenced by the presence of others. In the present study, we compared the activities of various antibiotics against <i>S. anginosus</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> when grown in monospecies biofilms with the activity observed in a multispecies biofilm. Our results show that differences in antibiotic activity against species grown in mono- and multispecies biofilms are species and antibiotic dependent. Fewer <i>S. anginosus</i> cells are killed by antibiotics that interfere with cell wall synthesis (amoxicillin plus sulbactam, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, and vancomycin) in the presence of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, while for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin, no difference was observed. In addition, we observed that the cell-free supernatant of <i>S. aureus</i>, but not that of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilms, also caused this decrease in killing. Overall, <i>S. aureus</i> was more affected by antibiotic treatment in a multispecies biofilm, while for <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, no differences were observed between growth in mono- or multispecies biofilms. The results of the present study suggest that it is important to take the community composition into account when evaluating the effect of antimicrobial treatments against certain species in mixed biofilms.
Simple Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Cobalt Carbide (Co<sub>2</sub>C) Nanoparticles and Their Use as Durable Electrocatalysts (2021)

Cobalt carbide (Co2C) nanoparticles were synthesized simply in liquid phase using Co(II) acetylacetonate and oleylamine under reflux conditions. Even in the presence of carbon black XC-72, Co2C nanoparticles were formed and simultaneously deposited on the carbon surface. The thin layer consisting of cobalt (oxy)hydroxide was present on the outermost surface of the thus-prepared Co2C nanoparticles, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, but the redox treatment using a cyclic voltammetry technique gradually removed such by-product phase. The resulting Co2C nanoparticles supported on XC-72 exhibited high durability for the oxygen reduction reaction.
A Wavenet for Speech Denoising (2018)

Most speech processing techniques use magnitude spectrograms as front-end and are therefore by default discarding part of the signal: the phase. In order to overcome this limitation' we propose an end-to-end learning method for speech denoising based on Wavenet. The proposed model adaptation retains Wavenet's powerful acoustic modeling capabilities, while significantly reducing its time-complexity by eliminating its autoregressive nature. Specifically, the model makes use of non-causal, dilated convolutions and predicts target fields instead of a single target sample. The discriminative adaptation of the model we propose, learns in a supervised fashion via minimizing a regression loss. These modifications make the model highly parallelizable during both training and inference. Both quantitative and qualitative evaluations indicate that the proposed method is preferred over Wiener filtering, a common method based on processing the magnitude spectrogram.