gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime, a new cephalosporin (1980)

Cefotaxime, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin derivative, showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against clinically isolated strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This cephalosporin was slightly less active than cefazolin against Staphylococcus aureus but 4 to 300 times as active as carbenicillin against gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Enterobacter cloacae, and Serratia marcescens. Cefotaxime was the most active compound against members of the Enterobacteriaceae and 20- to 100-fold more active than cefoxitin against the indole-positive Proteus group. The minimal bactericidal concentrations of the compound were identical to, or two times higher than, the minimal inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa and four times higher against S. marcescens. A reduction of inoculum size decreased greatly the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of cefotaxime against E. coli P. aeruginosa, and S. marcescens. The antibiotic was very stable to penicillinase and cephalosporinase produced by gram-negative bacteria, including Proteus vulgaris.
Enzymatic and chemical synthesis of phosphatidylcholine regioisomers containing eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid (2005)

Abstract Regioselective incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) into phosphatidylcholine (PC) was carried out using enzymatic and chemical synthesis. Incorporation at the sn ‐1 position was successfully achieved by lipase‐catalysed esterification of 2‐palmitoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), although in most cases, the enzymes incorporated EPA and DHA at lower rates than other fatty acids. For the incorporation of DHA, Candida antarctica lipase B was the only useful enzyme, while incorporation of EPA was efficiently carried out using either this enzyme or Rhizopus arrhizus lipase. The highest yields in the lipase‐catalysed reactions were obtained at the lowest water activity (close to 0). However, by carrying out the reactions at a higher water activity of 0.22, more EPA and DHA were incorporated. Esterification of 2‐palmitoyl‐LPC with pure EPA at this water activity converted 66 mol‐% of LPC to PC using Rhizopus arrhizus lipase as catalyst. When the fatty acid was DHA and the catalyst Candida antarctica lipase B, 45 mol‐% of PC was obtained. For incorporation of EPA and DHA at the sn ‐2 position, phospholipase A 2 was used, but the reaction was very slow. Chemical coupling of 1‐palmitoyl‐LPC and EPA or DHA was more efficient, resulting in complete conversion of LPC.
Simulation électrique et optique de nanofils de Silicium en géométrie radiale pour des applications photovoltaïques (2015)

National audience
Supplementary Video S2 MMP14 from Breast Cancer Stem Cell–Derived Tumors Escape from γδ T-cell Immunosurveillance <i>In Vivo</i> by Modulating γδ T-cell Ligands (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Video S2 MMP14&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of the effects of melatonin and methylprednisolone in experimental spinal cord injury (2000)

Both melatonin and methylprednisolone have been shown to protect neuron, axon, myelin, and intracellular organelles including mitochondrion and nucleus. However, this study provides quantitative evidence that this protection of neurons and subcellular organelles of spinal cord after secondary injury is much more obvious in melatonin-treated rats than those treated with methylprednisolone. In view of these data, melatonin has been shown to be very effective in protecting the injured spinal cord from secondary injury.
New generation ionic liquids: cations derived from amino acids (2005)

Two families of a new generation of ionic liquids, in which the chiral cations are directly derived from naturally occurring alpha-amino acids and alpha-amino acid ester salts, have been obtained via very simple preparations.
MP48-12 ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE OF VERY LOW AND LOW RISK PROSTATE CANCER: LONG-TERM OUTCOMES FROM A LARGE PROSPECTIVE COHORT (2019)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Current guidelines describe conservative management as the best available care option for very low-risk prostate cancer (VLR; i.e. low volume, low-risk prostate cancer) and also the preferred option for low-not-very-low risk disease (LR not VLR), while acknowledging that definitive treatment may be warranted for those with a higher probability of disease progression. Our objective was to examine the trends in use of conservative management for VLR and LR not VLR prostate cancer separately to determine whether national practice variation is driven by the more guideline-concordant practice of occasional treatment of low risk disease.
Increased Cat3-mediated Cationic Amino Acid Transport Functionally Compensates in Cat1 Knockout Cell Lines (1998)

Arginine transport is important for a number of biological processes in vertebrates, and its transport may be rate-limiting for the production of nitric oxide. The majority ofl-Arg transport is mediated by System y<sup>+</sup>, although several other carriers have been kinetically defined. System y<sup>+</sup> cationic amino acid transport is mediated by proteins encoded by a family of genes, <i>Cat1</i> , <i>Cat2,</i> and<i>Cat3</i> . High affinity l-arginine transport was investigated in embryonic fibroblast cells derived from<i>Cat1</i> knockout mice that lack functional Cat1. Both wild type and knockout cells transport arginine with comparable<i>K</i> <sub>m</sub> and <i>V</i> <sub>max</sub>. However, the apparent affinity for lysine transport was 2.4 times lower in<i>Cat1</i> <sup>−/−</sup> cells when compared with wild type cells, a property characteristic of Cat3-mediated transport. Northern analysis-documented <i>Cat2</i> mRNA increased 2-fold, whereas<i>Cat3</i> mRNA levels increased 11-fold in<i>Cat1</i> <sup>−/−</sup> relative to<i>Cat1</i> <sup>+/+</sup> cells. The low affinity<i>Cat2a</i> mRNA was not detectably expressed in these cells. Even though <i>Cat3</i> expression is normally limited to adult brain, there was a large increase in the amount of Cat3 protein present at the plasma membrane of <i>Cat1</i> <sup>−/−</sup> embryonic fibroblast cells. These results suggest that Cat3 compensates for the loss of functional Cat1 in cells derived from <i>Cat1</i> knockout mice and mediates the majority of high affinity arginine transport.
Graphene-based Al-Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nanoenergetic films by electrophoretic deposition (2017)

The combustion performance of aluminum-bismuth trioxide (Al/Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) nanoenergetic films with and without graphene additive prepared through electrophoretic deposition was evaluated. The role of graphene in minimizing phase separation and promoting self-assembly of Al and Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanoparticles was investigated. The neat Al/Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> films exhibited an average combustion wave speed of 206.0±30.0 m/s and energy release of 733±30 J/g. Incorporation of graphene improved average combustion wave speed to 244±8 m/s, raised energy release to 1071±23 J/g, and reduced the onset ignition temperature by 11±3°C in comparison to that of neat samples. The obtained results confirm that graphene is an appealing additive for nanoenergetic films produced by EPD.
Polarisation-independent optical switch with cascaded optical switch matrices (1988)

We propose a new approach to achieve polarisationindependence and demonstrate the operation of a 2 × 2 switch. This method uses optical switch matrices cascaded in tandem configurations. With this approach, switching voltage is determined only by the strongest electro-optic effect.
Body Posture Identification using Hidden Markov Model with a Wearable Sensor Network (2008)

This paper presents a networked proximity sensing and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based mechanism that can be applied for stochastic identification of body postures using a wearable sensor network. The idea is to collect relative proximity information between wireless sensors that are strategically pl
Applicability of a Combined DAF-MF Process to Respond to Changes in Reservoir Water Quality through a Two-Year Pilot Plant Operation (2021)

The optimal operating conditions of a combined dissolved air flotation (DAF)-microfiltration (MF) process to respond to changes in raw water quality were investigated by operating a pilot plant for two years. Without DAF pre-treatment (i.e., MF alone), MF operated stably with a transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase of 0.24 kPa/d when the turbidity of raw water was low and stable (max. 13.4 NTU). However, as the raw water quality deteriorated (max. 76.9 NTU), the rate of TMP increase reached 43.5 kPa/d. When DAF pre-treatment was applied (i.e., the combined DAF-MF process), the MF process operated somewhat stably; however, the rate of TMP increase was relatively high (i.e., 0.64 kPa/d). Residual coagulants and small flocs were not efficiently separated by the DAF process, exacerbating membrane fouling. Based on the particle count analysis of the DAF effluent, the DAF process was optimised based on the coagulant dose and hydraulic loading rate. After optimisation, the rate of TMP increase for the MF process stabilised at 0.17 kPa/d. This study demonstrates that the combined DAF-MF process responded well to substantial changes in raw water quality. In addition, it was suggested that the DAF process must be optimised to avoid excessive membrane fouling.
Category-specific object reconstruction from a single image (2015)

Object reconstruction from a single image - in the wild - is a problem where we can make progress and get meaningful results today. This is the main message of this paper, which introduces an automated pipeline with pixels as inputs and 3D surfaces of various rigid categories as outputs in images of realistic scenes. At the core of our approach are deformable 3D models that can be learned from 2D annotations available in existing object detection datasets, that can be driven by noisy automatic object segmentations and which we complement with a bottom-up module for recovering high-frequency shape details. We perform a comprehensive quantitative analysis and ablation study of our approach using the recently introduced PASCAL 3D+ dataset and show very encouraging automatic reconstructions on PASCAL VOC.
Supramolecular Activation of S 8 by Cucurbiturils in Water and Mechanism of Reduction to H 2 S by Thiols: Insights into Biological Sulfane Sulfur Trafficking (2022)

Reactive sulfur species (RSS) play critical roles in diverse chemical environments. Molecules containing sulfane sulfur (S<sup>0</sup>) have emerged as key species involved in cellular redox buffering as well as RSS generation, translocation, and action. Using cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) as a model hydrophobic host, we demonstrate here that S<sub>8</sub> can be encapsulated to form a 1:1 host guest complex, which was confirmed by solution state experiments, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The solid state structure of CB[7]/S<sub>8</sub> shows that the encapsulated S<sub>8</sub> is available to nucleophiles through the carbonyl portals of the host. Treatment of CB[7]/S<sub>8</sub> with thiols results in efficient reduction of S<sub>8</sub> to H<sub>2</sub>S in water at physiological pH. We establish that encapsulated S<sub>8</sub> is attacked by a thiol within the CB[7] host and that the resultant soluble hydropolysulfide is ejected into solution, where it reacts further with thiols to generate soluble sulfane sulfur carriers and ultimately H<sub>2</sub>S. The formation of these intermediate is supported by observed kinetic saturation behavior, competitive inhibition experiments, and alkylative trapping experiments. We also demonstrate that CB[7]/S<sub>8</sub> can be used to increase sulfane sulfur levels in live cells using fluorescence microscopy. More broadly, this work suggests a general activation mechanism of S<sub>8</sub> by hydrophobic motifs, which may be applicable to proteins, membranes, or other bimolecular compartments that could transiently bind and solubilize S<sub>8</sub> to promote reaction with thiols to solubilize and shuttle S<sub>8</sub> back into the redox labile sulfane sulfur pool. Such a mechanism would provide an attractive manifold in which to understand the RSS translocation and trafficking.
Alternatives to Agrilogistics: Designing for Ecological Thinking (2021)

Sustainable HCI (SHCI) researchers have historically looked to small and urban farmers to help situate and extend notions of sustainability within economic, social, and political frameworks. In the face of climate change and the Anthropocene, however, we ask how designing like the alternative farming practices of small and urban farmers might open up new, ecological approaches to agricultural technology. We conducted ethnographic field work with small farmers and their community in Indiana and show how they are challenging "agrilogistics," defined by philosopher Timothy Morton as a strict separation of nature and culture in food production, a separation, he argues, which underlies the substantial agricultural contributions to climate change. Our ethnography led us to suggest new possibilities for design of agricultural technology that support ecological thinking and caring for more-than-human actors through visceral imaginaries, posthuman storytelling, and engaging curiosity, possibilities which may offer ways to disentangle agricultural technology from agrilogistic paradigms.?
Linearized force representations for turbopump liquid annular seals (1991)

The analysis and the accompanying FORTRAN code, SEALPAL1, to simulate liquid annular seals with axial taper, Moody friction factors, and pre-swirl, are discussed. The output of the code includes all dynamic coefficients (stiffness, dampings, and inertias), leakage rate, torque, and horsepower loss. The computer code results were compared with five cases from the literature. The agreement was very good in almost all instances, except several predicted cross coupled stiffnesses were significantly lower than those appearing in the literature. This disagreement could reflect a theoretical or a programming error by the researcher or in the literature, or it could be a result of the difference in friction factor models or other assumptions employed.
Pulsed laser induced thermal desorption of CO from copper surfaces (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. Burgess, R. Viswanathan, Ingo Hussla, P. C. Stair, Eric Weitz; Pulsed laser induced thermal desorption of CO from copper surfaces. J. Chem. Phys. 15 November 1983; 79 (10): 5200–5202. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445647 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Low-cost high-resolution time-domain reflectometry for monitoring the range of reflective points (1995)

A new OTDR technique to interrogate the range of reflective markers in an optical fiber (or an electrical cable) is presented. The technique has been developed to monitor strain in sections of a fiber over gauge lengths of several meters. Signal-to-noise analysis shows that current OTDR systems do not fully exploit the spatial resolution theoretically available. The available resolution is explored with a new OTDR technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Computations underlying Drosophila photo-taxis, odor-taxis, and multi-sensory integration (2015)

To better understand how organisms make decisions on the basis of temporally varying multi-sensory input, we identified computations made by Drosophila larvae responding to visual and optogenetically induced fictive olfactory stimuli. We modeled the larva's navigational decision to initiate turns as the output of a Linear-Nonlinear-Poisson cascade. We used reverse-correlation to fit parameters to this model; the parameterized model predicted larvae's responses to novel stimulus patterns. For multi-modal inputs, we found that larvae linearly combine olfactory and visual signals upstream of the decision to turn. We verified this prediction by measuring larvae's responses to coordinated changes in odor and light. We studied other navigational decisions and found that larvae integrated odor and light according to the same rule in all cases. These results suggest that photo-taxis and odor-taxis are mediated by a shared computational pathway.
The Use of the SCS Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA) System in Whitman County, Washington (1984)

Frederick R. Steiner, Richard W. Dunford, R. Dennis Roe, William R. Wagner and Lloyd E. Wright
A Transposon Mutagenesis System for Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum Based on an IS 3 Family Insertion Sequence, IS Blo11 (2018)

Bifidobacteria are a major component of the intestinal microbiota in humans, particularly breast-fed infants. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms by which these bacteria colonize the intestine is desired. One approach is transposon mutagenesis, a technique currently attracting much attention because, in combination with next-generation sequencing, it enables exhaustive identification of genes that contribute to microbial fitness. We now describe a transposon mutagenesis system for <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> subsp. <i>longum</i> 105-A (JCM 31944) based on IS<i>Blo11</i>, a native IS<i>3</i> family insertion sequence. To build this system, xylose-inducible or constitutive bifidobacterial promoters were tested to drive the expression of full-length or a truncated form at the N terminus of the IS<i>Blo11</i> transposase. An artificial transposon plasmid, pBFS12, in which IS<i>Blo11</i> terminal inverted repeats are separated by a 3-bp spacer, was also constructed to mimic the transposition intermediate of IS<i>3</i> elements. The introduction of this plasmid into a strain expressing transposase resulted in the insertion of the plasmid with an efficiency of >10<sup>3</sup> CFU/μg DNA. The plasmid targets random 3- to 4-bp sequences, but with a preference for noncoding regions. This mutagenesis system also worked at least in <i>B. longum</i> NCC2705. Characterization of a transposon insertion mutant revealed that a putative α-glucosidase mediates palatinose and trehalose assimilation, demonstrating the suitability of transposon mutagenesis for loss-of-function analysis. We anticipate that this approach will accelerate functional genomic studies of <i>B. longum</i> subsp. <i>longum</i><b>IMPORTANCE</b> Several hundred species of bacteria colonize the mammalian intestine. However, the genes that enable such bacteria to colonize and thrive in the intestine remain largely unexplored. Transposon mutagenesis, combined with next-generation sequencing, is a promising tool to comprehensively identify these genes but has so far been applied only to a small number of intestinal bacterial species. In this study, a transposon mutagenesis system was established for <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> subsp. <i>longum</i>, a representative health-promoting <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species. The system enables the identification of genes that promote colonization and survival in the intestine and should help illuminate the physiology of this species.
Microwave‐assisted Brønsted acidic ionic liquid‐promoted one‐pot synthesis of heterobicyclic dihydropyrimidinones by a three‐component coupling of cyclopentanone, aldehydes, and urea (2010)

Abstract magnified image A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of heterobicyclic dihydropyrimidinone derivatives through a solvent‐free one‐pot three‐component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, cyclopentanone, and urea or thiourea in the presence of Brønsted acidic ionic liquid under microwave irradiation. The catalyst can be reused at least six times without any noticeable decrease in catalytic activity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Parkinson's Disease Gene Therapy: Success by Design Meets Failure by Efficacy (2020)

Over the past decade, nine gene therapy clinical trials for Parkinson's disease (PD) have been initiated and completed. Starting with considerable optimism at the initiation of each trial, none of the programs has yet borne sufficiently robust clinical efficacy or found a clear path toward regulatory approval. Despite the immediately disappointing nature of the efficacy outcomes in these trials, the clinical data garnered from the individual studies nonetheless represent tangible and significant progress for the gene therapy field. Collectively, the clinical trials demonstrate that we have overcome the major safety hurdles previously suppressing central nervous system (CNS) gene therapy, for none produced any evidence of untoward risk or harm after administration of various vector-delivery systems. More importantly, these studies also demonstrated controlled, highly persistent generation of biologically active proteins targeted to structures deep in the human brain. Therefore, a renewed, focused emphasis must be placed on advancing clinical efficacy by improving clinical trial design, patient selection and outcome measures, developing more predictive animal models to support clinical testing, carefully performing retrospective analyses, and most importantly moving forward—beyond our past limits.
Capacity Regions of Wireless Multi-Channel Ad Hoc Networks (2011)

We consider the influence of FDMA on the capacity region of wireless ad hoc networks with a small number of nodes. It is found that FDMA offers an additional degree of freedom that is beneficial in interference-limited networks. Furthermore, simulation results indicate that static FDMA channel assignment over a time division schedule can achieve rates comparable to dynamic channel assignment.
Photonic Wire Bonding for Silicon Photonics III-V Laser Integration (2021)

Photonic wire bonding offers the opportunity to co-package lasers and silicon chips, solving a long-standing problem in integrated photonics, and enabling foundries to offer multi-project wafer runs featuring integrated lasers.
Sample Preparation for STED Microscopy (2009)

Since the discovery of the diffraction barrier in the late nineteenth century, it has been commonly accepted that with far-field optical microscopy it is not possible to resolve structural details considerably finer than half the wavelength of light. The emergence of STED microscopy showed that, at least for fluorescence imaging, these limits can be overcome. Since STED microscopy is a far-field technique, in principle, the same sample preparation as for conventional confocal microscopy may be utilized. The increased resolution, however, requires additional precautions to ensure the structural preservation of the specimen. We present robust protocols to generate test samples for STED microscopy. These protocols for bead samples and immunolabeled mammalian cells may be used as starting points to adapt existing labeling strategies for the requirements of sub-diffraction resolution microscopy.