gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network operations and management issues for transparent WDM networks (2002)

This paper addresses network management and operations issues for WDM networks. New WDM components, such as the optical spectrum analyzer, P(/spl lambda/), inexpensive WDM multiplexers with flat passband, and optical amplifiers with uniform gain, will be important technologies to enable cost effective and robust operation of WDM networks.
Effects of Strain Relaxation on the Photoluminescence of Semipolar InGaN (2012)

We present the effects of partial strain relaxation on the optical properties in lattice mismatched semipolar ( 11 2 ¯2) InGaN using polarization-dependent photoluminescence measurements to probe the strain dependent band mixing of the valence bands.
Low-Voltage Current-Sensing CMOS Interface Circuit for Piezo-Resistive Pressure Sensor (2007)

A new low-voltage CMOS interface circuit with digital output for piezo-resistive transducer is proposed. An input current sensing configuration is used to detect change in piezo-resistance due to applied pressure and to allow lowvoltage circuit operation. A simple 1-bit first-order deltasigma modulator is used to produce an output digital bitstream. The proposed interface circuit is realized in a 0.35 m CMOS technology and draws less than 200 A from a single 1.5 V power supply voltage. Simulation results show that the circuit can achieve an equivalent output resolution of 9.67 bits with less than 0.23% nonlinearity error.
Molecular Diagnostics on Lymphoid Malignancies (2004)

Abstract Context. —Molecular diagnostics for lymphoid malignancies traditionally has focused on helping to provide a diagnosis on a tissue sample. The field has undergone substantial technical and conceptual evolution during the past 2 decades, and its role has expanded to new arenas, such as monitoring disease activities and detecting alterations in genes that are known to have a significant impact on disease outcome. Objective. —To review the advances in molecular diagnostics on lymphoid malignancies, including recent developments that may facilitate the development of mechanism-based diagnosis for individualized therapy. Design. —The development of molecular diagnostics in lymphoid malignancies is briefly reviewed with emphasis on the recent use of gene expression profiling for identifying important diagnostic and prognostic signatures. Results. —Genome-scale investigations are becoming technically feasible and have provided promising results in the identification of new disease entities and new, molecularly defined prognosticators. This development can potentially revolutionize diagnostic medicine in the near future. As new genes or genetic pathways that affect the clinical and biologic behavior of tumors are defined and can be readily assayed, molecular diagnostics will be expected to provide this relevant information. Ideally, therapy will be based on this information, delivering the most appropriate treatment with the least toxicity. Conclusions. —Molecular diagnostics in the future will be moving toward a mechanism-based diagnosis for individualized therapy.
Development and Validation of Method for the Quantitative Determination of Zinc in its Chelate Complexes Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2021)

Introduction. The production, standardization and quality control process of various dietary supplements containing chelated zinc requires validated quantitative assessment methods. In this work, we propose an X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) technique for determining the zinc content in the composition of coordination compounds using the example of a synthesized chelate complex with methionine. Aim. To synthesize Zn(Met) 2 chelate complex, to develop and validate a method for its quantitative analysis using the XRF method. Materials and methods . The synthesized zinc chelate complex was investigated by IR spectroscopy. The XRF method was used to develop a method for quantifying the zinc content in the synthesized complex. We used dry mixtures of zinc sulfate monohydrate and L-methionine (Met) in a molar ratio of Zn to Met – 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 4, 1 : 8 and 1 : 16 and also aqueous solutions of zinc sulfate and L-methionine in a molar ratio of Zn to Met 1 : 2 with Zn concentrations from 0.5 to 100 mmol/l as calibration standards. Complexometric titration was used as an arbitration method for the quantitative determination of zinc content in the samples under study. Results and discussion . The IR spectrum of chelate complex confirmed the presence of a donor-acceptor bond between Zn 2+ and the nitrogen atom of amino group in methionine. The titration results showed chelate compounds have a composition corresponding to the stoichiometric formula Zn(Met) 2 . XRF analysis of dry standard mixed samples demonstrated the presence of matrix effect, that makes impossible an accurate assessment of zinc content in the chelate compound. According to the XRF spectra of aqueous solutions containing zinc sulfate and methionine in a ratio of 1 : 2 at a zinc concentration of 0.5; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 10; 25; 50 and 100 mmol/L, a calibration graph was constructed – the dependence of the fluorescence signal intensity for the Kα line of zinc on the concentration of zinc in the solution (r = 0.9996). The method was evaluated by the following validation parameters: specificity, linearity, correctness, precision, and analytical range. The specificity of the validated method was proven in the presence of copper, iron, and silver. Conclusion . The developed method make it possible to determine with sufficient precision and correctness the content of Zn 2+ in its aqueous solutions of inorganic and organic nature by the XRF method in the concentration range from 3 to 100 mmol/l without the influence of the matrix.
Solubility of CF2-Modified Polybutadiene and Polyisoprene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2002)

The cloud-point behavior of fluorinated polyisoprenes (FPI) and fluorinated polybutadienes (FPBD) in supercritical fluid (SCF) CO2 are reported at temperatures from 60 to 170 °C and pressures from 1000 to 3000 bar. These fluorinated polymers were prepared by the addition of difluorocarbene (CF2) to the parent polydienes yielding a gem-difluorocyclopropane repeating unit, a segment containing both fluorine and a significant dipole moment. Neither the unmodified polyisoprene starting material nor the hydrogenated variant dissolves in CO2 up to temperatures of 155 °C and pressures of 2600 bar. Both FPI and FPBD dissolve in CO2, but pressures in excess of 1000 bar are needed to obtain a single phase. The PFI and PFBD cloud-point curves exhibit temperature minima at approximately 60 and 80 °C, respectively, likely due to an increase in CO2−CO2 and polymer−polymer interactions relative to polymer−CO2 interactions. As the amount of CF2 incorporation in FPI samples decreases, the cloud-point curves shift to higher pressures and to higher temperatures. In a series of FPBD samples, an increase in cloud-point pressure with increase in molecular weight is initially large for molecular weights less than 105 and then becomes much less at higher molecular weights, as also observed for other polymer−SCF solvent mixtures. This methodology for incorporation of fluorine into macromolecules leads to significant enhancement of solubility in CO2.
Measurement of Radio Frequency Permittivity of Biological Tissues with an Open-Ended Coaxial Line: Part I (1982)

An open-ended coaxial line is analyzed as a sensor for in vivo measurement of the complex permittivity of biological substances. The measurement system, based on two computerized network analyzers operating at frequencies from 10 MHz to 1 GHz, is described. Experimental results are presented in a companion paper.
GEMFIBROZIL HAS ANTI-PLATELET EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA DURING PHYSICAL STRESS (1987)

Earlier studies indicate an increased platelet reactivity in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. Physical and mental stress have also been reported to cause increased reactivity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of gemfibrozil (G) a new lipid lowering drug on platelet reactivity during physical stress. Ten otherwise healthy male subjects with serum cholesterol levels above 7 mmol/l were involved in a double-blind study. It consisted of two treatment periods of 8 weeks during which the patients were given either G (600 mg b.i.d.) or placebo (PI) and an 8 weeks wash-out period before the cross-over. At the end of the treatment periods an exercise test was carried out and platelet reactivity tested. Adrenaline, ADP and collagen were used to induce aggregation and 5-HT and T×B2 release measured. Plasma beta-TG and fibrinogen were also determined. The treshold concentration of adrenaline necessary to evoke secondary aggregation was increased in 8/10 patients during exercise after G treatment and in 2/10 after PI. When the lowest ADP concentration to cause secondary aggregation (2-4 uM) was used there was a significant decrease in the 5-HT (− 44%) and T×B2 (− 48%) secretion and a significant decrease in the area under the aggregation curve (− 28%). A decrease in 5-HT secretion was also seen after G treatment when a fixed ADP concentration of 10 uM was used. During collagen stimulation no changes were seen between the two groups. Beta-TG remained unchanged irrespective of treatment and fibrinogen showed a modest increase during exercise in both treatment groups. These results indicate a new anti-platelet effect of gemfibrozil which might be of importance in prevention of acute thrombotic events in hypercho1estero1aemic patients.
Flavonoids improve the stability and function of P23H rhodopsin slowing down the progression of retinitis pigmentosa in mice (2022)

The balanced homeostasis of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), rhodopsin (Rho), is required for vision. Misfolding mutations in Rho cause photoreceptor death, leading to retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and consequently blindness. With no cure currently available, the development of efficient therapy for RP is an urgent need. Pharmacological supplementation with molecular chaperones, including flavonoids, improves stability, folding, and membrane targeting of the RP Rho mutants in vitro. Thus, we hypothesized that flavonoids by binding to P23H Rho and enhancing its conformational stability could mitigate detrimental effects of this mutation on retinal health. In this work, we evaluated the pharmacological potential of two model flavonoids, quercetin and myricetin, by using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models of P23H Rho. Our computational analysis showed that quercetin could interact within the orthosteric binding pocket of P23H Rho and shift the conformation of its N-terminal loop toward the wild type (WT)-like state. Quercetin added to the NIH-3T3 cells stably expressing P23H Rho increased the stability of this receptor and improved its function. Systemic administration of quercetin to P23H Rho knock-in mice substantially improved retinal morphology and function, which was associated with an increase in levels of Rho and cone opsins. In addition, treatment with quercetin resulted in downregulation of the UPR signaling and oxidative stress-related markers. This study unravels the pharmacological potential of quercetin to slow down the progression of photoreceptor death in Rho-related RP and highlights its prospective as a lead compound to develop a novel therapeutic remedy to counter RP pathology.
IdenTTop (2009)

Only a subset of tabletop designs support the ability to determine which user has performed a given action. These identity-enabled (IE) surfaces offer significant functional advantages over systems with no such capability. Distinguishing between the two types of surfaces enables a valuable discourse that should serve to improve the usefulness of all tabletop designs. To facilitate examinations of the IE design space, we have developed a toolkit called IdenTTop, which greatly simplifies the process of prototyping new IE applications, and we present a few sample applications to demonstrate IdenTTop's effectiveness.
Treatment of murine lupus with monoclonal antibody to L3T4. II. Effects on immunohistopathology of thymus, spleen, and lymph node. (1989)

Monoclonal antibody to L3T4 has been used successfully to suppress autoimmunity in the New Zealand black/New Zealand white F1 (B/W) mouse model for systemic lupus erythematosus. To clarify the immunopathology of murine lupus and determine the effects of anti-L3T4 treatment on the cellular composition and histopathology of lymphoid organs, we examined the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in cryostat sections of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes of B/W mice. Immunohistologic specimens were obtained from female B/W mice that had received weekly intraperitoneal injections of either rat monoclonal antibody to L3T4 (2 mg/mouse/week) or phosphate buffered saline (200 microliters/mouse/week) from age 5 months until euthanasia at 8 months. B and T cell domains in each organ were identified on serial sections with monoclonal antibody directed against B220 (all B cells), Thy-1.2 (all T cells), L3T4 (helper T cells), and Ly-2 (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells). In control mice, striking cytoarchitectural abnormalities were identified in the thymuses, and the spleen and lymph nodes were hypertrophied relative to anti-L3T4 treated mice. Thymic abnormalities included amplification of medulla, formation of thymomas, and cortical atrophy. Amplified medullary regions and thymomas in B/W mice contained numerous B cells and L3T4+ T cells but few Ly-2+ T cells. The enlarged spleens and lymph nodes of control mice consisted of numerous secondary follicles with germinal centers containing an unusual subpopulation of T cells that expressed L3T4 but not Thy-1.2. In contrast, mice treated with anti-L3T4 did not develop histopathologic changes characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus in any organ. However, treatment depleted L3T4+ cells from the spleen and lymph nodes, and it modulated the expression of L3T4 by thymocytes. These observations demonstrate that treatment with anti-L3T4 not only interferes with L3T4-dependent T cell functions, but it also prevents progressive abnormalities in lymphoid tissue in lupus-prone B/W mice. This preservation of normal lymphoid structure may contribute to the beneficial effects of anti-L3T4 on autoimmunity.
Structure and Bonding of a Novel Mercuracycle Complex Containing B-Hg Bonds at Carborane Vertices (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Bonding of a Novel Mercuracycle Complex Containing B-Hg Bonds at Carborane VerticesZhiping Zheng, Carolyn B. Knobler, Carol E. Curtis, and M. Frederick HawthorneCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 2, 432–435Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00106a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00106a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Molecular Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Anthocyanin 5-O-Glucosyltransferase by mRNA Differential Display for Plant Forms Regarding Anthocyanin (1999)

UDP-glucose: anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase (5-GT) is responsible for the modification of anthocyanins to more stable molecules in complexes for co-pigmentation, supposedly resulting in a purple hue. The cDNA encoding 5-GT was isolated by a differential display applied to two different forms of anthocyanin production in Perilla frutescens var. crispa. Differential display was carried out for mRNA from the leaves of reddish-purple and green forms of P. frutescens, resulting in the isolation of five cDNA clones predominantly expressed in the red form. The cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 460 amino acids, exhibiting a low homology with the sequences of several glucosyltransferases including UDP-glucose: anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase. By using this cDNA as the probe, we also isolated a homologous cDNA clone from a petal cDNA library of Verbena hybrida. To identify the biochemical function of the encoded proteins, these cDNAs were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The recombinant proteins in the yeast extracts catalyzed the conversion of anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosides into the corresponding anthocyanidin 3,5-di-O-glucosides using UDP-glucose as a cofactor, indicating the identity of the cDNAs encoding 5-GT. Several biochemical properties (optimum pH, Km values, and sensitivity to inhibitors) were similar to those reported previously for 5-GTs. Southern blot analysis indicated the presence of two copies of 5-GT genes in the genome of both red and green forms of P. frutescens. The mRNA accumulation of the 5-GT gene was detected in the leaves of the red form but not in those of the green form and was induced by illumination of light, as observed for other structural genes for anthocyanin biosynthesis in P. frutescens.
Reduction of ExperimentalSalmonellaandCampylobacterContamination of Chicken Skin by Application of Lytic Bacteriophages (2003)

Lytic bacteriophages, applied to chicken skin that had been experimentally contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis or Campylobacter jejuni at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1, increased in titer and reduced the pathogen numbers by less than 1 log(10) unit. Phages applied at a MOI of 100 to 1,000 rapidly reduced the recoverable bacterial numbers by up to 2 log(10) units over 48 h. When the level of Salmonella contamination was low (< log(10) 2 per unit area of skin) and the MOI was 10(5), no organisms were recovered. By increasing the number of phage particles applied (i.e., MOI of 10(7)), it was also possible to eliminate other Salmonella strains that showed high levels of resistance because of restriction but to which the phages were able to attach.
The alpha 1/alpha 2 domains of class I HLA molecules confer resistance to natural killing. (1989)

The expression of transfected HLA class I Ag has previously been shown to protect human target cells from NK-mediated conjugation and cytolysis. In this same system, transfected H-2 class I Ag fail to impart resistance to NK. In this study, we have mapped the portion of the HLA class I molecule involved in this protective effect by exploiting this HLA/H-2 dichotomy. Hybrid class I genes were produced by exon-shuffling between the HLA-B7 and H-2Dp genes, and transfected into the class I Ag-deficient B-lymphoblastoid cell line (B-LCL) C1R. Only those transfectants expressing class I Ag containing the alpha 1 and alpha 2 domains of the HLA molecule are protected from NK, suggesting the "protective epitope" is located within these domains. Since a glycosylation difference exists between HLA and H-2 class I Ag within these domains (i.e., at amino acid residue 176), the role of carbohydrate in the class I protective effect was examined. HLA-B7 mutant genes encoding proteins which either lack the normal carbohydrate addition site at amino acid residue 86 (B7M86-) or possess an additional site at residue 176 (B7M176+) were transfected into C1R. Transfectants expressing either mutant HLA-B7 Ag were protected from NK. Thus, carbohydrate is probably not integral to a class I "protective epitope." The potential for allelic variation in the ability of HLA class I Ag to protect C1R target cells from NK was examined in HLA-A2, A3, B7, and Bw58 transfectants. Although no significant variation exists among the HLA-A3, B7, and Bw58 alleles, HLA-A2 appears unable to protect. Comparison of amino acid sequences suggests a restricted number of residues which may be relevant to the protective effect.
Hate Speech Criteria: A Modular Approach to Task-Specific Hate Speech Definitions (2022)

The subjectivity of recognizing hate speech makes it a complex task. This is also reflected by different and incomplete definitions in NLP. We present hate speech criteria, developed with perspectives from law and social science, with the aim of helping researchers create more precise definitions and annotation guidelines on five aspects: (1) target groups, (2) dominance, (3) perpetrator characteristics, (4) type of negative group reference, and the (5) type of potential consequences/effects. Definitions can be structured so that they cover a more broad or more narrow phenomenon. As such, conscious choices can be made on specifying criteria or leaving them open. We argue that the goal and exact task developers have in mind should determine how the scope of hate speech is defined. We provide an overview of the properties of English datasets from hatespeechdata.com that may help select the most suitable dataset for a specific scenario.
MY KINGDOM FOR AN INBRED RAT (1982)

Department of Pathology Georgetown University Schools of Medicine and Dentistry Washington, D.C. 20007