gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network reconnaissance (2008)

Along with its wider reach in society, in the form of both mobility and relatively affordable access, the internet has transformed the world we live in, serving as bedrock for electronic commerce and other digital and communication services. It has become an integral part of the personal, professional, and economic spheres of our daily life. Global organisations, whether official, commercial, or social, are relying on it ever more to function, bringing an increasing need for a secure electronic infrastructure. The pervasive nature of the internet, one major factor behind its success, is also proving to be its main threat. Once connected to this global network, no one is more than a few clicks away from servers hosting websites that transact commerce worth millions or critical state-run networks that run sensitive operations.
A CYCLIC ELASTO-PLASTIC CONSTITUTIVE MODEL FOR SAND CONSIDERING THE EFFECT OF NON-CO AXIALITY (1994)

近年, 液状化時の土の非線形挙動を解析的に求め, これを設計に取り入れようとする試みがみられるようになってきた. 液状化解析で用いる構成モデルは, 一般応力空間での砂の挙動が妥当に説明できるとともに, その土質定数も決定しやすいものである必要がある. ここでは, 応力主軸と塑性ひずみ増分主軸の非共軸性を取り入れた繰返し構成モデルを提案し, 実験結果との比較からその適用性について検討する.
The 'marginal division': a new subdivision in the neostriatum of the rat. (1989)

Using a combination of anterograde and retrograde (Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin; PHA-L and wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase; WGA-HRP) tract-tracing methods and histochemical techniques, a new subdivision of the neostriatum, the marginal division, has been found in the rat brain. The marginal division is approximately 120 microns wide and is located at the caudal extent of the neostriatum and surrounds the rostral edge of the globus pallidus. The neuronal somata of the marginal division are mostly fusiform in shape, with their long axes running parallel to the border between the striatum and the globus pallidus. Histochemically, the marginal division is lighter in AChE staining, is more densely filled with Met-enkephalin-immunoreactive terminals, and has fewer choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-immunoreactive neurons than does the rest of the neostriatum. Injections of PHA-L or WGA-HRP demonstrated that the projections of the marginal division differ from those of the main body of the striatum. The striatopallidal projection from the marginal division terminates in the caudal-most part of the globus pallidus which is rich in cholinergic neurons. In contrast, the projection from the main region of the neostriatum terminates in two bands in the globus pallidus, both of which are rostral to the area of termination of the fibres from the marginal division. The striatonigral fibres from the marginal division terminate in the caudal part of the substantia nigra pars reticulata whereas the rest of neostriatum projects to a more rostral region. Based on its cellular morphology, immunohistochemistry and projection pattern, we conclude that the marginal division of the striatum is a distinct subdivision of the neostriatum.
Zur Reaktion von 1,2‐Diketonen mit Malononitril unter Piperidin‐Katalyse (1975)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Biacetyl mit Malononitril unter Piperidin‐Katalyse führt zu dem 2,6‐Diaza‐ cis ‐bicyclo[3.3.0]octandion 6 und dem 2,10‐Dioxa‐6‐azatetracyclo[6.3.0.0 4,11 .0 5,9 ]undecan 11a . Durch Variation der Reaktionsbedingungen können die Zwischenprodukte 5 bzw. 8a abgefangen werden. 6 entsteht ferner durch Cyclisierung von 8a mit Chlorwasserstoff in Äthanol; es läßt sich sauer zur Dicarbonsäure 12 verseifen und anschließend zu 13 decarboxylieren. Die Struktur von 11a ergibt sich vornehmlich aus seiner Bildung über 8a . Die Carbonimidgruppe in 11a kann zur Lactongruppe verseift (vgl. 14a ), der Lactamstickstoff mit Diazomethan unter Bildung von 15 methyliert werden. Andere 1,2‐Diketone reagieren ebenfalls mit Malononitril zu 3‐Pyrrolin‐2‐onen 8 ; auch diese können eine weitere Molekel 1,2‐Diketon unter Bildung von 11b – f addieren.
Formant trajectories in forensic speaker recognition (2009)

Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Leistungsverhalten eines Ansatzes der forensischen Sprechererkennung, der auf parametrischen Repräsentationen von Formantverläufen basiert. Quadratische und kubische Polynomfunktionen werden dabei an Formantverläufe von Diphthongen angenähert. Die resultierenden Koeffizienten sowie die ersten drei bzw. vier Komponenten der Diskreten Kosinustransformation (DCT) werden in Folge verwendet, um die dynamischen Eigenschaften der zugrundeliegenden akustischen Merkmale der Sprache und damit der Sprechercharakteristika zu erfassen. Am Ende steht eine Repräsentation bestehend aus wenigen dekorrelierten Parametern, die für die forensische Sprechererkennung verwendet werden. Die in der Untersuchung durchgeführte Evaluierung beinhaltet die Berechnung von Likelihood-Ratio-Werten für die Anwendung im Bayesschen Ansatz für die Bewertung von forensischen Beweisstücken. Die Vorteile dieses Systems und die derzeitigen Beschränkungen werden behandelt. Für die Berechnung der Likelihood-Ratio-Werte wird eine von Aitken &amp; Lucy (2004) entwickelte multivariate Kernel-Density-Formel verwendet, die sowohl Zwischen-Sprecher- als auch Inner-Sprecher-Variabilität berücksichtigt. Automatische Kalibrierungs- und Fusionstechniken, wie sie in Systemen zur automatischen Sprecheridentifikation verwendet werden, werden auf die Ergebniswerte angewendet. Um die Bedeutung von Längenaspekten von Diphthongen für die forensische Sprechererkennung näher zu untersuchen wird ein Experiment durchgeführt, in dem der Effekt von Zeitnormalisierung sowie die Modellierung der Dauer durch einen expliziten Parameter evaluiert werden. Die Leistungsfähigkeit der parametrischen Repräsentationen verglichen mit anderen Methoden sowie die Effekte der Kalibrierung und Fusion werden unter Verwendung üblicher Bewertungswerkzeuge wie des Erkennungsfehlerabwägungs-(DET)-Diagramms, des Tippett-Diagramms und des angewandten Fehlerwahrscheinlichkeits-(APE)-Diagramms, sowie numerischer Kennziffern wie der Gleichfehlerrate (EER) und der Cllr-Metrik evaluiert.
Antagonistic epistasis of Hnf4α and FoxO1 metabolic networks through enhancer interactions in β-cell function (2021)

The findings provide evidence of antagonistic epistasis as a model of gene/environment interactions in the pathogenesis of β-cell dysfunction.
Dynamic probes and generalised kernel hooks interface for linux (2000)

Dynamic Probes (Dprobes)[1] is a generic and pervasive system debugging facility that will operate under the most extreme software conditions such as debugging a deep rooted operating system problems in a live environment. For example, page-manager bugs in the kernel or perhaps user or system problems that will not re-create easily in either a lab or production environment. For such inaccessible problem scenarios Dprobes not only offers a technique for gathering diagnostic information but has a high probability of successful outcome without the need to build custom modules for debugging purposes.

Dprobes allows the insertion of fully automated breakpoints or probepoints, anywhere in the system and user space. Probepoints are global by definition, that is they are defined relative to a module and not to a storage address. Each probepoint has an associated set of probe instructions that are interpreted when the probe fires. These instructions allow memory and CPU registers to be examined and altered using conditional logic. When the probe program terminates an external debugging facility may be optionally triggered - should it register for this purpose. For example:

A trace facility may augment its capability with a dynamic trace capability by using the Dprobes facility as a means of inserting tracepoints - dynamically, without any prior code modification.

A crash dump facility may use Dprobes as a means of invoking dumps conditionally when a specific set of circumstances occurs in a particular code path.

A debugger may use Dprobes as high-speed complex conditional breakpoint service.

This paper describes the architecture of Dynamic Probes and briefly discusses a couple of examples of its successful application.

In creating Dynamic Probes, we were challenged with the conflicts between: Size of the kernel modification Co-existence with other kernel enhancements, particularly debugging and instrumentation enhancements. Maintaining concurrency with the latest kernel version. Ease of development and continued enhancement of Dynamic Probes.

We alleviated these problems by developing a generalised interface for kernel modifications to use allowing them to exist as dynamically loadable kernel modules.

This interface: The Generalised Kernel Hooks Interface (GKHI) is described in the second part of this paper.
TRANSFORM (Multicenter Experience With Rapid Deployment Edwards INTUITY Valve System for Aortic Valve Replacement) US clinical trial: Performance of a rapid deployment aortic valve (2016)

INTUITY RDAVR performed effectively in this North American trial. It may lead to a relative reduction in aortic crossclamp time and cardiopulmonary bypass time and has excellent hemodynamic performance. Pacemaker implantation rate observed was somewhat greater than European trials and requires further investigation.
Femoral Head Chondrocyte Viability at the Cam Deformity in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (2020)

A dearth of information is available regarding the viability of femoral head cartilage. This study provides insight into the cartilage viability and response to culture.
Dilution Method to Refold Bacterially Expressed Recombinant Der f 2 and Der p 2 to Exhibit the Secondary Structure and Histamine-Releasing Activity of Natural Allergens (2005)

The dilution method established in this study is more convenient in terms of handling, time, and cost than the dialysis method and will be useful for large-scale production and for the preparation of numbers of mutants to analyze IgE epitopes.
THE EFFECT OF THERMAL PRECONDITIONING OF THE LIMB ON FLEXOR TENDON HEALING (2007)

Thermal preconditioning reduces inflammation by inducing cytoprotective heat shock proteins. We evaluated the role of limb thermal preconditioning in a rabbit model of flexor tendon repair. The treatment groups underwent limb preconditioning by elevating the limb temperature to 41.5 degrees C for 20 minutes. The animals were sacrificed three and six weeks after flexor tendon repair. Heat shock protein72 expression of the treated limb was measured at 18 hours. Macroscopic analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in adhesion formation in the three week treatment group. The inflammatory infiltrate was significantly reduced for both treatment groups. The difference in ultimate tensile strength was not significant. We conclude that thermal preconditioning of the limb before flexor tendon repair decreases inflammation and adhesion formation in a rabbit model and has the potential to improve clinical outcome of flexor tendon surgery.
Intra- and paraprosthetic valve regurgitation. A color Doppler echocardiographic study. (1991)

We prospectively followed a cohort of 64 patients bearing an aortic or mitral prosthetic valve (mean follow-up 5.2 +/- 3.2 months) in order to evaluate if color-coded two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography (CFD) could provide some major advantages with respect to pulsed (PW) and continuous wave (CW) Doppler in the diagnostic accuracy of detection of intra-, and paraprosthetic leaks. During follow-up 4 cases of pathologic prosthetic regurgitation ensued and were all correctly and easily identified by CFD while one of them was missed both by PW and CW Doppler. Based on our results we conclude that CFD is the best noninvasive tool actually available for the correct identification of prosthetic valvular regurgitation because it can provide useful accessory information difficult to obtain with other echocardiographic techniques.
The electronic spectrum of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(2+) (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe electronic spectrum of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(2+)Franz Felix, James Ferguson, Hans U. Guedel, and Andreas LudiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 12, 4096–4102Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00532a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00532a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1689Altmetric-Citations140LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
exA security interpretation of the workflow reference model (1998)

This paper is intended as an opinion paper regarding information security concerns in the&#13;\nWorkflow Reference Model (WfRM) as defined by the Workflow Management Coalition&#13;\n(WfMC). After an introduction into the workflow environment, the WfRM is described.&#13;\nThe security services, identification and authentication, authorization, confidentiality,&#13;\nintegrity and non-repudiation are briefly defined in order to serve as a framework for&#13;\nfurther discussion. The main functional areas in the model are discussed in terms of the&#13;\nmentioned security services. The paper concludes by identifying areas for further research.
Characterization of Pigeon-Origin Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated in China (2006)

Fourteen pigeon-origin Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from sick pigeons in China between 1996 and 2005. The mean death time (MDT) of embryonated eggs and the intracerebral pathogenicity indices (ICPI) were tested to determine the virulence of the field isolates. The result indicated that most isolates were proved to be mesogenic (MDT 60-90 hr and ICPI > 1.2). The main function regions of F protein gene of the isolates were amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic and residue substitutive analysis. The fusion protein cleavage site sequences of most isolates had multiple basic amino acids R/KRQKRF at positions 112-116 and a phenyl alanine at position 117, characteristic of velogenic isolates. In the phylogenetic tree, the majority of the isolates were clustered into a single genetic lineage, termed genotype VIb, and were typical pigeon paramyxovirus type 1, whereas a small number of recent isolates (three strains) were grouped into genotype VIId, a predominant genotype responsible for most Newcastle disease outbreaks in chickens and geese since the end of last century. One isolate, PK9901, was proved to be a lentogenic strain, of genotype II NDV, to which the vaccine strain La Sota belongs.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chloro‐ and Alkyliron Complexes with N‐Donor Ligands and Their Reactivity towards CO2 (2015)

Abstract New iron(II) compounds with N‐donor ligands [2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) and 2‐(2‐pyridyl)ethylamine (pyea)] were synthesized, and their reactivity with carbon dioxide was investigated. The reactions of Fe(bpy)(pyea)Cl 2 ( 1 ) with CO 2 (0.9 MPa) afforded the carbamato derivative Fe(bpy)(pyea‐CO 2 )Cl 2 ( 2 ), which reacted with CH 3 Li to afford the monomethyl carbamato complex Fe(bpy)(pyea‐CO 2 )ClCH 3 ( 3 ), an example of a carbamato species that is stable over a carboxylato moiety. Fe[(bpy)(pyea)](CH 3 ) 2 ( 4 ), obtained by reaction of 1 with CH 3 Li, was treated with CO 2 (0.3–0.5 MPa) to afford the dicarboxylato species Fe[(bpy)(pyea)](O 2 CCH 3 ) 2 ( 5 ), which provides evidence of normal double insertion of CO 2 into the Fe–C bond. The reaction of 5 with HCl afforded 1 and CH 3 –CO 2 H, which confirmed the mode of bonding of the –O 2 CCH 3 moiety to the Fe center. To verify the preference of insertion of CO 2 into the Fe–C or the Fe–N bond, 1 was treated with MeLi (1 equiv.), and Fe(bpy)(pyea)Cl(CH 3 ) ( 6 ) was isolated as a low‐melting solid. The latter was treated with CO 2 (0.5 MPa), and the product of insertion into the Fe–CH 3 bond was observed as the only carboxylate ( 7 ). The faster insertion into the Fe–CH 3 bond is explained by the fact that the N donor is quaternarized upon interaction with the metal center and has no free electrons available to interact with the C acceptor of the cumulene molecule; thus, more‐forcing conditions (0.9 MPa) are required for the insertion to occur.
Emulation of lossy channels using a low loss microstrip trace with added lossy materials (2014)

Long traces or cables usually show a smooth rolloff with increasing frequency leading to Inter-Symbol Interference Jitter. The paper proposes a method for emulating such channel link performance by using a short microstrip trace with added lossy material. The paper focuses on the characterization and selection of lossy materials for emulating long channels using a short low loss trace with added lossy material.
Comparative analysis of 23 synovial fluid biomarkers for hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection detection (2020)

There is interest in novel synovial fluid biomarkers for the detection of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Here, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of 23 simple or sophisticated synovial fluid biomarkers for periprosthetic hip or knee infection detection. One hundred seven subjects were studied, 57 of whom had aseptic failure (AF) and 50 PJI. The following synovial fluid biomarkers were tested using spectrophotometric assays, immunoassays, lateral flow tests, or test strips: leukocyte count, monocyte percentage, lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, lactate, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor-α, α-defensin, and leukocyte esterase. The best-performing synovial fluid biomarkers to differentiate PJI from AF-that is, those with highest area under the curve compared to all other biomarkers-were leukocyte count, percent neutrophils and percent monocytes, CRP, and α-defensin (P < .0001).
Rhesus incompatibility and aplastic anemia as the consequence of split chimerism after bone-marrow transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency. (1980)

A patient with severe combined immunodeficiency received three transplants of bone marrow from the HLA-B- and -D-identical mother. The first transplantation led to a severe graft-versus-host reaction followed by immunological reconstitution. A split chimerism was found with engraftment only of the maternal lymphocytes. Five months after the transplantation an autoimmune hemolytic anemia was observed which was due to rhesus incompatibility as well as polyspecific antibodies. At the same time agranulocytosis developed and 9 mth after the first transplantation the child suffered from aplastic anemia. Two further attempts failed to engraft the maternal hematopoiesis. The child died during the treatment with cyclophosphamide as conditioning for a third transplantation.
An efficient large volume DF/CO<inf>2</inf>chemical laser system (1973)

A large volume (10 liters) photoinitiated chemical laser device based on the reaction between D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> has been operated on a pulsed basis an shown to have an overall electrical efficiency of 12% at a fill pressure of 300 Torr. Laser output was found to be linearly proportional to flashlamp energy over the range studied. With an input energy of 1700 J into two conventional xenon flashlamps, the laser output energy and pulse duration are 189 J and 15 µsec, respectively. This corresponds to a volumetric extraction efficiency of 48 J/liter-atm.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Novel Inhibitor of STAT3 Homodimerization Selectively Suppresses STAT3 Activity and Malignant Transformation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 264K, Figure S1: STAT3-C rescues from S3I-1757 down regulation of STAT3-regulated genes and inhibition of proliferation/survival. MDA-MB-468 cells were transiently transfected with vector or STAT3C then were treated with S3I-1757 as described in Methods. The cells were then processed for western immuno-blotting (A) and for MTT assays (B) as described in Methods.&lt;/p&gt;
Mastering Situation Awareness (2015)

John Boyd recognized in the 1960's the importance of situation awareness for military operations and introduced the notion of the OODA loop (Observe, Orient, Decide, and Act). Today we realize that many applications have to deal with situation awareness: Customer Relationship Management, Human Capital Management, Supply Chain Management, patient care, power grid management, and cloud services management, as well as any IoT (Internet of Things) related application; the list seems to be endless. Situation awareness requires applications to support the management of data, knowledge, processes, and other services such as social networking in an integrated way. These applications additionally require high personalization as well as rapid and continuous evolution. They must provide a wide variety of operational and functional requirements, including real time processing. Handcrafting these applications is an almost impossible task requiring exhaustive resources for development and maintenance. Due to the resources and time involved in their development, these applications typically fall way short of the desired functionality, operational characteristics, and ease and speed of evolution. We - the authors - have developed a model enabling the development and maintenance of situation-aware applications in a declarative and therefore economical manner; we call this model KIDS - Knowledge Intensive Data-processing System.
Neutral argon density profile determination by comparison of spectroscopic measurements and a collisional-radiative model (invited) (2006)

Neutral atoms play important roles in non-fully-ionized plasmas. In helicon sources, neutral pumping and neutral damping of waves are poorly understood. Measurement of the spatial distribution of neutral atoms is possible with spectroscopic diagnostics such as laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and passive emission spectroscopy. However, these measurements typically apply to an excited neutral atom state, rather than the entire neutral population. With a collisional-radiative (CR) model employing Langmuir probe measured electron parameters in argon helicon source plasmas, we have reproduced LIF and emission spectroscopy measured radial profiles for three excited neutral states. The CR model indicates a neutral depletion on axis of at least 60%. Simple calculations based on measured edge neutral pressures and peak plasma densities significantly underestimate the degree of ionization in the core of the helicon plasma.