gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis of a Spray Drying-Resistant Subpopulation Reveals a Zinc-Dependent Mechanism for Robustness in L. lactis SK11 (2018)

The viability of starter cultures is essential for an adequate contribution to the fermentation process and end-product. Therefore, robustness during processing and storage is an important characteristic of starter culture strains. For instance, during spray drying cells are exposed to heat and oxidative stress, generally resulting in loss of viability. In this study, we exposed the industrially relevant but stress-sensitive <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> strain SK11 to two cycles of heat stress, with intermediate recovery and cultivation at moderate temperatures. After these two cycles of heat exposure, the abundance of robust derivatives was increased as compared with the original culture, which enabled isolation of heat-resistant subpopulations displaying up to 1,000-fold enhanced heat stress survival. Moreover, this heat-resistant subpopulation demonstrated an increased survival during spray drying. Derivatives from two independent lineages displayed different transcriptome changes as compared with the wild type strain, indicating that the increased robustness within these lineages was established by different adaptive strategies. Nevertheless, an overlap in differential gene expression in all five derivatives tested in both lineages included three genes in an operon involved in zinc transport. The link between zinc homeostasis and heat stress survival in <i>L. lactis</i> was experimentally established by culturing of the wild type strain SK11 in medium with various levels of zinc ions, which resulted in alterations in heat stress survival phenotypes. This study demonstrates that robust derivatives of a relatively sensitive <i>L. lactis</i> strain can be isolated by repeated exposure to heat stress. Moreover, this work demonstrates that transcriptome analysis of these robust derivatives can provide clues for improvement of the robustness of the original strain. This could boost the industrial application of strains with specific desirable traits but inadequate robustness characteristics.
Analysis of Asymmetrical Four‐Point Bending Test of Ceramic Composite Joints by Using Finite Element Method (2001)

As a result of R & D efforts, various types of joining between ceramic composites have been proposed; for example, mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, welding, brazing and soldering [1-4]. Most of these techniques, however, suffer from various limitations such as the requirement of high temperature processing or hot pressing, a large mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient between the joint material and the base materials, a lower temperature limit than the bulk materials, and so on. Recently, an affordable, robust ceramic joining technology (ARCJoinT™) has been developed as one method to solve the above problems [4]. To establish useful design databases, the mechanical properties of joints must be accurately measured and quantitatively characterized. There are many types of experimental techniques for measuring the shear strength of joints at high temperatures. Among these methods, the asymmetrical bending test seems to be most economical due to the requirement of small test specimens with simple geometry [5]. The shear stress of this test has been evaluated according to the analytical method for homogeneous materials, although the stress state of joint specimen is different from that of a uniform one. Moreover, there are likely to be thermal residual stresses in joints because of the fabrication process and the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients. Therefore, in this paper, the stress distribution under the asymmetrical bending test of SiC/SiC composites jointed by ARCJoinT™ was precisely examined by using finite element method and the effects of the residual stress and the joint thickness were also studied.
Nanostructured Material Based Completion Tools Enhance Well Productivity (2013)

Abstract Making downhole completion tools interventionless is the ultimate level of integrated design of material and product that enhances well performance and saves operation time and cost. Two common approaches to interventionless tools are novel mechanical design and use of new engineered materials. New interventionless tool designs, though effective, are often limited to the small downhole geometry available. Use of high strength, disintegrable materials becomes a more attractive solution for downhole tools which require eventual removal after the tool completes its functions. This paper presents a new, groundbreaking, smart, disintegrable nanostructured composite (DNC) and its successful use for multistage fracturing tools to enhance shale gas/oil well productivity. The disintegrable nanostructured composite (DNC) is manufactured through a powder metallurgy process by consolidating reactive metal powders that were coated with metallic and/or ceramic reinforcements. Material composition and microstructure were engineered at the micro- or nanoscale, to vary material strength and disintegration rate. The DNC is lighter than aluminum and stronger than some mild steels, but disintegrates when it is exposed to the appropriate fluid. More broadly, the DNC has the potential for radically changing the downhole tool functionality landscape by reducing product operational complexity and potentially the wholesale elimination of complete well trips by causing all, or a portion of, a tool to disintegrate in the well.
Conformation and photoelectron spectra of 2-(2-furyl)pyrrole and 2-(2-thienyl)pyrrole (1981)

The electric dipole moments and HeI photoelectron spectra (p.e.s.) of 2-(2-furyl)pyrrole and 2-(2-thienyl)pyrrole have been measured and analysed. Dipole moment data, in conjunction with theoretical calculations of conformational energy at the ab initio STO–3G level, show that the most likely conformations for these molecules are the fully planar cis and trans, the former being more favourable. This conformational conclusion is supported by the p.e.s. evidence of strong mesomeric interaction between the two rings in both the molecules. Assignments of the p.e.s. bands have been made upon PMO analysis by comparison with those of the parent monocyclic compounds.
Abstract A008: TP53 field defects in uterine fluid are associated with ovarian cancer risk (2022)

Abstract This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is available in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR005) of the Conference Proceedings. Citation Format: Rosana Risques, Thomas H. Smith, Zachary K. Norgaard, Roniz Katz, Fang Yin Lo, Elizabeth K. Schmidt, Jacob E. Higgins, Martin Filipits, Intidhar Labidi-Galy, David Cibula, Lukáš Dostálek, Gabriel Jelenek, Magdalena Plch, Jiří Bouda, Alexander Mustea, Mateja Condic, Sabine Grill, Noreen Gleeson, Peter Oppelt, Gunda Pristauz-Telsnigg, Adriaan Vanderstichele, Siel Obrecht, Adam Rosenthal, Paul Speiser, Jesse Salk. TP53 field defects in uterine fluid are associated with ovarian cancer risk [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A008.
Investigation on the compliance of hearing screening and examination (2006)

Objective To probe the management measures of raising hearing screening rate and therapeutic compliant managing method of newborns. Methods With screening instrument of automatic otoacoustic emission, product by Grasons-Tadler company in U.S.A, and the first hearing screen was done by professional nurses, guided by otolaryngologists. Results Accepting hearing screen newborns were 2207 cases, the screen rate occupied the same periodic newborns was 83.9%. The passing cases were 1838, and 305 cases (13.8%) did not passed. In the reexamination after 42 days, two cases did not passed. In the third examination, one case was congenital hearing disorder and the other case need to go further examination to eliminate central hearing lose. Hearing disturbance rate occupied 0.9% of the same periodic newborns. The newborns not accepting examination were 425. Among them the newborn with high risk were 145. That occupied 34.1%. Conclusions Propaganda dynamism of hearing screening in newborns should be enhanced, and raised screen rate. High risk newborns are focal point in the screen, and family members ought to be tracked, and be supervised and urged to participate in supervisory test. Perfect tracking management can provided early treatment to newborn with hearing disturbance.
New variational irreversible thermodynamics of open physical-chemical continua (1978)

International audience
Design and implementation of a Gallium-Nitride-based power module for light electro-mobility applications (2017)

Power modules using new wide-bandgap devices like gallium nitride (GaN) are subject to stringent thermal and electrical requirements due to the high heat flux density and the fast switching transients of these new devices. This work presents the design and implementation of a 650 V GaN-based prototype half-bridge power module for a 2.3 kW battery charger using magnetic field canceling and an artificial Kelvin connection to decrease parasitic inductances and achieve a measured peak slew rate of 60 kV/μs, together with an area optimized layout and a copper heat spreader for a reduced per chip junction to ambient thermal resistance of 3.5 to 3.6 K/W, leading to a half-bridge with more than 170 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> power density.
The ATLAS™ screening assay reveals distinct CD4 + and CD8 + SARS-CoV-2 antigen response profiles which have implications to Omicron cellular immunity (2022)

Abstract The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants are a persistent threat to the efficacy of currently developed prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. These variants accumulate mutations in the spike protein which encodes the epitopes necessary for neutralizing antibody binding. Moreover, emerging evidence suggest that robust antibody responses are insufficient to prevent severe disease and long-lasting viral immunity requires T cells. Thus, understanding how the T cell antigen landscape evolves in the context of these emerging variants remains crucial. T cells responses are durable and recognize a wider breadth of epitopes reducing the possibility of immune escape through mutation. Here, we deploy the ATLAS™ assay which identifies CD4 + and CD8 + T cell antigens by utilizing the endogenous HLA class-I and class-II peptide processing pathways. Profiling of T cells from exposed and unexposed donors revealed rich and complex patterns which highlighted the breadth of antigenic potential encoded in SARS-CoV-2. ATLAS revealed several common or frequent antigenic regions as well as an abundance of responses in the unexposed cohort potentially the result of pre-exposure to related coronaviruses. ORF10 was a common CD4 + response in the unexposed cohort while spike was identified as a common and frequent target in both cohorts. Moreover, the spike response profiles allowed us to accurately predict the impact of Omicron spike mutations. This analysis could thus be applied to study the impact of future emerging VOCs.
Rabies Acquired Through Kidney Transplantation in a Child: A Case Report. (2017)

Rabies is usually transmitted to humans through bites of infected animals; however, it can rarely be transmitted through deceased donor organs or tissues when not suspected. Here, we report a case of rabies transmission in a child. The child was a 5-year-old girl who was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with encephalitis of unexplained cause 3.5 months after she received a kidney transplant from a deceased donor. The laboratory and imaging studies did not reveal any explanation for her rapidly declining clinical and neurologic condition, which ended with death 4 days after admission. Death of another recipient from the same donor led to an investigation that revealed rabies as the cause. Both corneas were explanted from other recipients to prevent further death. Polymerase chain reaction sequence analysis of the corneas was consistent with a rabies virus from the same donor's state of residence. Rabies transmission, although rare, should be suspected when a donor comes from or has visited endemic countries. Donors with unclear causes of death should be rejected.
Simulation of Speckle in Optical Imaging (2022)

In this chapter we examine methods for simulating speckle in optical imaging. Unlike the 1D examples in previous chapters, the simulations in this chapter will be two-dimensional, since images are 2D entities. Discrete models must be used in the simulations. Thus, the field complex amplitudes must be represented by discrete arrays, and therefore sampling is inherent in the simulation. An important question concerns the sampling density that must be used in the various cases, with the density chosen high enough to avoid aliasing. According to the sampling theorem, the required density depends on the bandwidth of the complex amplitude representation of the light leaving the rough surface or diffuser.
nifU Gene Product from Azotobacter vinelandii Is a Homodimer That Contains Two Identical [2Fe-2S] Clusters (1994)

The nifU gene product is required for the full activation of the metalloenzyme nitrogenase, the catalytic component of biological nitrogen fixation. In the present work, a hybrid plasmid that contains the Azotobacter vinelandii nifU gene was constructed and used to hyperexpress the NIFU protein in Escherichia coli. Recombinant NIFU was purified to homogeneity and was found to be a homodimer of 33-kDa subunits with approximately two Fe atoms per subunit. The combination of UV/visible absorption, variable-temperature magnetic circular dichroism, EPR, and resonance Raman spectroscopies shows the presence of a [2Fe-2S]2+,+ center (Em = -254 mV) with complete cysteinyl coordination in each subunit. The electronic, magnetic, and vibrational properties of the [2Fe-2S]2+,+ center do not conform to those established for any of the spectroscopically distinct types of 2Fe ferredoxins. These distinctive properties appear to be a consequence of a novel arrangement of coordinating cysteinyl residues in NIFU, and the residues likely to be involved in cluster coordination are discussed in light of primary sequence comparisons to other putative [2Fe-2S] proteins. The observed physicochemical properties of NIFU and its constituent [2Fe-2S] cluster also provide insight into the role of this protein in nitrogenase metallocluster biosynthesis.
Complete Fairness in Secure Two-Party Computation. (2008)

In the setting of secure two-party computation, two mutually distrusting parties wish to compute some function of their inputs while preserving, to the extent possible, various security properties such as privacy, correctness, and more. One desirable property is fairness which guarantees, informally, that if one party receives its output, then the other party does too. Cleve (STOC 1986) showed that complete fairness cannot be achieved in general without an honest majority. Since then, the accepted folklore has been that nothing non-trivial can be computed with complete fairness in the two-party setting, and the problem has been treated as closed since the late ’80s. In this paper, we demonstrate that this folklore belief is false by showing completely-fair protocols for various non-trivial functions in the two-party setting based on standard cryptographic assumptions. We first show feasibility of obtaining complete fairness when computing any function over polynomial-size domains that does not contain an “embedded XOR”; this class of functions includes boolean AND/OR as well as Yao’s “millionaires ’ problem”. We also demonstrate feasibility for certain functions that do contain an embedded XOR, and prove a lower bound showing that any completely-fair protocol for such functions must have round complexity super-logarithmic in the security parameter. Our results demonstrate that the question of completely-fair secure computation without an honest majority is far from closed.
Pharmaceutical applications of supercritical carbon dioxide. (2001)

The appearance of a supercritical state was already observed at the beginning of the 19th century. Nevertheless, the industrial extraction of plant and other natural materials started about twenty years ago with the decaffeination of coffee. Today carbon dioxide is the most common gas for supercritical fluid extraction in food and pharmaceutical industry. Since pure supercritical carbon dioxide is a lipophilic solvent, mixtures with organic solvents, especially alcohols, are used to increase the polarity of the extraction fluid; more polar compounds can be extracted in this way. The main fields of interest are the extraction of vegetable oils from plant material in analytical and preparative scale, the preparation of essential oils for food and cosmetic industry and the isolation of substances of pharmaceutical relevance. Progress in research was made by the precise measurement of phase equilibria data by means of different methods. Apart from extraction, supercritical fluid chromatography was introduced in the field of analytics, as well as micro- and nanoparticle formation using supercritical fluids as solvent or antisolvent. This review presents pharmaceutical relevant literature of the last twenty years with special emphasis on extraction of natural materials.
Photocatalytic Removal of Phenol by Ferromagnetic N- TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in presence of Visible Light Irradiation (2016)

Heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2 has shown high efficiency in the removal of a wide range of organic contaminants. Recently, significant efforts have been made to activate TiO2 under visible light wavelengths, and promising results were obtained by doping it with nitrogen. The main drawback of the use of nanoparticles for the purification of wastewater is their separation after the depollution treatment and this is an issue that has to be addressed for a proficient application of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. The use of magnetic core Fe3O4 and N-doped TiO2 shell nanoparticles could be a solution to this problem. With the aid of an external magnetic field, the removal and recycling of the photocatalyst nanoparticles become possible. For this reason, the aim of this work was to obtain nanocomposites consisting of visible active N-doped TiO2 supported on SiO2/Fe3O4 ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The nanocomposites were then evaluated in the photocatalytic removal of phenol. The photocatalytic tests were carried out in a recirculating batch cylindrical photoreactor irradiated by a strip of white LEDs surrounding the external surface of the reactor and emitting in the visible region. The experimental results showed that N-doped TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 nanoparticles are effective in the removal of phenol, reaching degradation and TOC removal of about 64 and 55%, respectively, after an irradiation time of 270 min. The catalyst was collected at the photoreactor bottom after each test cycle by applying a magnet on the external surface of the photoreactor, so easily separating the treated solution from the photocatalyst. After washing with distilled water and drying at 50 °C, the photocatalyst was reused without further treatment. Photocatalytic tests on the recycled catalyst showed that N-doped TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 remains stable, evidencing phenol degradation in the range 59-65% after four operation/regeneration cycles.
Gold Nanoparticle-Incorporated Molecularly Imprinted Microgels as Radiation Sensitizers in Pancreatic Cancer (2019)

Radiation therapy is a powerful approach for treating pancreatic cancer, a representative refractory cancer with a high fatality rate, and efforts have been made to decrease the radiation dose and suppress the side effects related to damage to normal tissues during radiation therapy. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are known to possess radiosensitizing activity and low biotoxicity; however, Au NP-incorporated biomaterials have not been investigated as feasible radiosensitizers for use in vivo. Accordingly, in this study, Au NP-incorporated molecularly imprinted polymer microgels (Au-MIP microgels) were created as radiation sensitizers using a newly developed one-pot seeded precipitation polymerization method, and the radiation-sensitizing effects of the Au-MIP microgels were investigated in mice bearing pancreatic tumors. In mice injected with the Au-MIP microgels, tumor sizes were smaller than those in control mice injected with buffer solution when X-ray irradiation was performed. Furthermore, biotoxicity was not observed in mice injected with the Au-MIP microgels because of negligible body weight loss in these mice. Based on these findings, Au-MIP microgels may have applications as novel radiation sensitizers in radiation therapy.
Two-dimensional model of vocal fold vibration for sound synthesis of voice and soprano singing (2005)

Voiced sounds were simulated with a computer model of the vocal fold composed of a single mass vibrating both parallel and perpendicular to the airflow. Similarities with the two-mass model are found in the amplitudes of the glottal area and the glottal volume flow velocity, the variation in the volume flow waveform with the vocal tract shape, and the dependence of the oscillation amplitude upon the average opening area of the glottis, among other similar features. A few dissimilarities are also found in the more symmetric glottal and volume flow waveforms in the rising and falling phases. The major improvement of the present model over the two-mass model is that it yields a smooth transition between oscillations with an inductive load and a capacitive load of the vocal tract with no sudden jumps in the vibration frequency. Self-excitation is possible both below and above the first formant frequency of the vocal tract. By taking advantage of the wider continuous frequency range, the two-dimensional model can successfully be applied to the sound synthesis of a high-pitched soprano singing, where the fundamental frequency sometimes exceeds the first formant frequency.
Binding of an Anti-Fullerene IgG Monoclonal Antibody to Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTBinding of an Anti-Fullerene IgG Monoclonal Antibody to Single Wall Carbon NanotubesBernard F. Erlanger, Bi-Xing Chen, Min Zhu, and Louis BrusView Author Information Microbiology Department, 701 West 168 Street, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, and Chemistry Department, MC 3125, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 Cite this: Nano Letters 2001, 1, 9, 465–467Publication Date (Web):August 9, 2001Publication History Received19 June 2001Revised1 July 2001Published online9 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/nl015570rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/nl015570rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1180Altmetric-Citations175LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Carbon nanotubes,Immunology,Peptides and proteins,Suspensions Get e-Alerts