gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TIME VARIATIONS OF THE CALIBRATION OF THE WORDEN GRAVITY‐METER* (1959)

A bstract Precision calibration tests carried out with a Worden gravimeter in environment conditions as varied as possible have led to the following conclusions. The secular variation curve of the calibration shows that the secular relative variation has been very appreciable in the first year of life of the instrument, precisely of 1.3 × 10 −3 in 13 months, while it has been practically zero in the second year. This must be ascribed to the fact that at the beginning of the operations the gravity‐meter had just arrived from the factory with its measuring body renewed. On the other side the effect of 24°C of temperature difference between two series of determinations reveals itself in a variation of 0.0022 of the value of the calibration, so that it can be established that the variation of the calibration is I‰ for each 10°C of temperature variation.
Coastal cities: a discussion of the flooding potential of coastal cities in this century (2015)

There are several causes for occasionally increased water levels in major cities. Such incidents are normally associated with large storm situations. The consequences could be huge damage, public disarray and the loss of many lives.
A refinement in catheter angiography of abdominal aortic aneurysms: the J-tip movable core guide wire (1969)

Aneurysms of the abdominal aorta frequently contain thrombotic material and their walls are usually thin. For these reasons it was believed until recently that passing a catheter into or through an aneurysm was not a safe procedure. In the last two years there have been several reports describing the safe and successful angiographic study of abdominal aortic aneurysms by the catheter method (Kahn and Callow, 1966; Bjork, 1967; Kirschner, Twigg, Conrad and Hufnagel, 1968). The guide wire which is generally used in percutaneous vascular catheterisation (also called a spring guide) has a straight flexible tip which occasionally engages atheromatous plaques and may rarely produce subintimal dissection. A spring guide with a curved tip has been described for negotiating tortuous or atheromatous vessels (Nebesar and Pollard, 1966). A further refinement is a guide wire with a curved tip and a movable core (Judkins, Kidd, Frische and Dotter, 1967). When the inner core wire is pulled back several centimetres, the advancing part of the guide wire is very soft and flexible and has a curved J tip (Fig. 1). The combination of this guide wire and a soft polyethylene catheter has been found very safe and useful in the angiographic study of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The curved tip of the 0·035 in. guide wire (Cook, Inc., Bloomington, Ind.) is straightened by pushing the inner core wire to the end.
Characterization of multipath distortion of FSK signals (2002)

We characterize the nonlinear distortion of frequency-shift keying (FSK) signals due to a multipath channel as a linear time varying channel. The dynamic range of time variation of this time-varying channel model is small for a mild multipath channel and large for a severe multipath channel. This characterization justifies the use of a decision directed adaptive linear equalizer for FSK signals after frequency demodulation in order to mitigate the distortion due to a multipath channel.
Influence of nutrition on disease development caused by fungal pathogens: implications for plant disease control (2007)

Abstract A great deal of information is available in the literature on the effects of nutrition on disease development in plants and crops. However, much of this information is contradictory and although it is widely recognised that nutrition can influence disease in crops, limited progress has been made in the manipulation of crop nutrition to enhance disease control. Achieving this aim requires a sound understanding of the effects of fertilisation on nutrient levels and availability in crop tissues, and in turn, how the nutrient status of such tissues influences pathogen infection, colonisation and sporulation. Some of these details are known for a number of crop plants under controlled conditions, but very little of this type of information is available for crops under field conditions. This review focuses on nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, potassium and silicon, examines the availability of these nutrients in plant tissues to support pathogen growth and development, and reviews the effects of the different nutrients on disease development. The review also examines the potential for manipulating crop nutrition to enhance disease control in conventional and organic cropping systems.
Characteristics of a doubly clad optical fiber with a low-index inner cladding (1974)

This paper investigates a novel type of optical fiber which is composed of three portions: the core, inner cladding, and outer cladding. It is assumed that the core has the largest refractive index of the three, and the outer cladding index is the next largest. When the index difference between the core and the inner cladding is much larger than that between the outer cladding and the inner, the new fiber has a stronger confinement property than a usual singly clad fiber in the single-mode region. It is also assumed that the inner-cladding thickness is larger than or comparable with the core radius. This confinement is the origin of the following three properties of potential importance in single-mode optical communication. 1) As compared with a singly clad fiber, the largest core area for single-mode operation is roughly twice. 2) The group delay arising from waveguide characteristics has an opposite sign against that of typical glass dispersion. (Singly clad fiber has a dispersion of the same sign.) 3) The field is much more tightly confined within the core as compared with a singly clad fiber. This minimizes extra attenuation due to absorption in the cladding.
The use of electric multipole lenses for bending and focusing polar molecules, with application to the design of a rotational-state separator (2004)

The dipole interaction (Stark effect) of a polar molecule allows one to use an inhomogeneous electric field to bend and focus a neutral beam in a transport line. The dependence of the optics on the Stark potential energy is discussed and we describe the type of multipole-field lenses that are needed. The special features that differ from charged particle optics are discussed. The RMS envelope equations are used to design a rotational-state separator to be built at LBNL. Its performance is simulated using the non-linear trajectory equations (with off-energy molecules included) and we find good state selection.
Form Follows Function: Designer Chemistry at the 52nd Bürgenstock Conference (2017)

The 52nd Bürgenstock Conference on Stereochemistry took place from April 30-May 4, 2017, and showed how chemistry and design go hand-in-hand (as reflected in the image of the Bauhausarchiv in Berlin). In this Conference Report, Philipp Heretsch outlines the program.
385. Physical properties and chemical constitution. Part II. Esters of ββ-substituted glutaric acids (1934)

A. I. Vogel, J. Chem. Soc., 1934, 1758 DOI: 10.1039/JR9340001758
Subset analysis of the safety and efficacy of nivolumab in elderly patients with metastatic melanoma (2015)

Meeting abstracts Cancer immunotherapy has generated significant response rates and prolonged survival, particularly in metastatic melanoma, but carries the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) [1]. Treatment of elderly patients with checkpoint inhibition presents a unique challenge as
New 2-o-methylrhamno-isoflavones fromStreptomycessp (2003)

Chemical screening with extracts of Actinomycetes strains resulted in the detection, isolation and structure elucidation of five new isoflavone glycosides from Streptomyces sp. (GT 51173): 5-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl genestein (genestein G1, 1), 5-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-[2-O-(methyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl] genestein (genestein G2, 2), 7,4'-O-di-[2-O-(methyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl] daidzein (daidzein G1, 3), 6-O-methyl-7-O-[2-O-(methyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl] daidzein (daidzein G2, 4) and 7-O-[2-O-(methyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl] daidzein (daidzein G3, 5). As a striking structural feature, 2-5 bear one or two alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl sugar moieties with methoxy groups in an axial position at C-2.
Genetic Algorithms for Autonomous Satellite Control (1999)

Genetic Algorithms have been applied successfully to many problems in a variety of different domains. Many current applications deal with various scheduling problems. These scheduling problems range from job shop scheduling to the travelling salesman problem. This paper will show how genetic algorithms can be used to schedule anomalous tasks on military and commercial satellites, which have as their objective to avoid unnecessary downtime. The tasks, which are scheduled on the satellites, have various types of constraints associated with them. It will also be shown how these constraints are handled at various stages of the genetic algorithm. Several crossover operators will be tested and the final results will be compared with results generated by a linear programming implementation of the problem.
L-Leucine Improves Metabolic Disorders in Mice With in-utero Cigarette Smoke Exposure (2021)

<b>Objectives:</b> Maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE) causes intrauterine undernutrition, resulting in increased risk for metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes in the offspring without sex differences. L-leucine supplementation has been shown to reduce body weight and improve glucose metabolism in both obese animals and humans. In this study, we aimed to determine whether postnatal L-leucine supplementation in female offspring can ameliorate the detrimental impact of maternal SE. <b>Methods:</b> Female Balb/c mice (6-week) were exposed to cigarette smoke (SE, 2 cigarettes/day) prior to mating for 5 weeks until the pups weaned. Sham dams were exposed to air during the same period. Half of the female offspring from the SE and SHAM dams were supplied with L-leucine via drinking water (1.5% w/w) after weaning (21-day) for 10 weeks and sacrificed at 13 weeks (adulthood). <b>Results:</b> Maternal SE during pregnancy resulted in smaller body weight and glucose intolerance in the offspring. L-leucine supplement in Sham offspring reduced body weight, fat mass, and fasting blood glucose levels compared with their untreated littermates; however somatic growth was not changed. L-leucine supplement in SE offspring improved glucose tolerance and reduced fat mass compared with untreated littermates. <b>Conclusions:</b> Postnatal L-leucine supplement could reduce fat accumulation and ameliorate glucose metabolic disorder caused by maternal SE. The application of leucine may provide a potential strategy for reducing metabolic disorders in offspring from mothers who continued to smoke during pregnancy.
A fourth-order CMOS bandpass amplifier with high linearity and high image rejection for GSM receivers (2003)

A fourth-order CMOS bandpass amplifier with improved linearity and image rejection using standard CMOS 0.8 /spl mu/m technology is presented. Sources of nonlinearities in the bandpass amplifier are discussed, and linearized tuning circuits are designed. With a quality factor of 38, the overall voltage gain and the image rejection are 28 dB and 36.5 dB respectively. Also, the corresponding noise figure is 5.8 dB. Simulated with the improved tuning circuitries, the IIP/sub 3/ is -18 dBm and the P/sub o-1 dB/ are -18 dBm and -31.5 dBm respectively. The total current dissipation is 32 mA.
Mass‐selective analysis of ions in time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry using an ion‐trap storage device (1994)

Abstract A quadrupole ion trap was used as a front‐end device for selecting specific ions formed via matrix‐assisted laser desorption for analysis in time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Using low‐voltage auxiliary RF signals, the ion trap can be used to resonantly eject all but a selected mass‐to‐charge range prior to time‐of‐flight mass analysis. A series of simple analog resonance ejection circuits were developed to provide this selective ion trapping. These circuits use both single‐ and modulated‐frequency waveforms applied directly to the repeller endcap of the quadrupole ion‐trap source in a monopolar fashion. Commercially available waveform generators, as well as a multichannel voltage‐controlled oseillator circuit, were used for resonant ion ejection and ion isolation prior to pulsed extraction into the time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. The analytical utility of these circuits was tested on a series of biologically active peptides from m/z 700 to 1650 using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) directly into the ion trap. These simple analog circuits were found to provide a number of useful qualitative improvements in the ion‐trap/reflectron time‐of‐flight device including the broadband removal of matrix background ions formed via MAI DI and the isolation of molecular ions from complex peptide mixtures. The utility of this methodology for tandem mass spectrometry, including collision‐induced dissociation and photodissociation, is discussed.
A Low Complexity NARX Structure using IndirectLearning Architecture for Digital Pre-Distortion (2017)

In this paper, we demonstrate a nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) DPD technique which is more compact, less computationally intensive and less susceptible to errors caused by noise in the PA output compared to an equivalent memory polynomial based DPD. Experimental validation is performed with a 20 MHz LTE signal for a GaN Doherty power amplifier.
Current Concepts in the Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Tumors (2013)

In the management of bone and soft tissue tumors, accurate diagnosis, using a combination of clinical, radiographic, and histological data, is critical to optimize outcome. On occasion, diagnosis can be made by careful history, physical examination, and images alone. However, the ultimate diagnosis usually depends on histologic analysis by an experienced pathologist. Biopsy is a very important and complex surgery in the staging process. It must be done carefully, so as not to adversely affect the outcome. Technical considerations include proper location and orientation of the biopsy incision and meticulous hemostasis. It is necessary to obtain tissue for a histological diagnosis without spreading the tumor and so compromise the treatment. Furthermore, the surgeon does not open compartmental barriers, anatomic planes, joint space, and tissue area around neurovascular bundles. Nevertheless, avoid producing a hematoma. Biopsy should be carefully planned according to the site and definitive surgery and should be performed by an orthopedic surgeon with an experience in musculoskeletal oncology who will perform the definitive surgery. Improperly done, it can complicate patient care and sometimes even eliminate treatment options. Different biopsy techniques are suitable: fine-needle aspiration, core-needle biopsy, and incisional biopsy. The choice of biopsy depends on the size, the location of the lesion, and the experience of the pathologist.
A Methodology for FPGA to Structured-ASIC Synthesis and Verification (2006)

Structured-ASIC design provides a mid-way point between FPGA and cell-based ASIC design for performance, area and power, but suffers from the same increasing verification burden associated with cell-based design. In this paper we address the verification issue with a methodology and fabric to directly tie FPGA prototype and functional in-system verification with a clean migration path to structured ASIC. The most important aspects of this methodology are the use of physically identical blocks for difficult-to-verify PLLs, I/O and RAM and a structured re-synthesis of FPGA logic blocks to target cells that guarantees anchor points for easy formal verification.
Specific Glial Functions Contribute to Schizophrenia Susceptibility (2013)

Schizophrenia is a highly polygenic brain disorder. The main hypothesis for disease etiology in schizophrenia primarily focuses on the role of dysfunctional synaptic transmission. Previous studies have therefore directed their investigations toward the role of neuronal dysfunction. However, recent studies have shown that apart from neurons, glial cells also play a major role in synaptic transmission. Therefore, we investigated the potential causal involvement of the 3 principle glial cell lineages in risk to schizophrenia. We performed a functional gene set analysis to test for the combined effects of genetic variants in glial type-specific genes for association with schizophrenia. We used genome-wide association data from the largest schizophrenia sample to date, including 13 689 cases and 18 226 healthy controls. Our results show that astrocyte and oligodendrocyte gene sets, but not microglia gene sets, are associated with an increased risk for schizophrenia. The astrocyte and oligodendrocyte findings are related to astrocyte signaling at the synapse, myelin membrane integrity, glial development, and epigenetic control. Together, these results show that genetic alterations underlying specific glial cell type functions increase susceptibility to schizophrenia and provide evidence that the neuronal hypothesis of schizophrenia should be extended to include the role of glia.
A Monoclonal IgM Antibody to a Methylcholanthrene‐Induced Tumour (1991)

A monoclonal IgM antibody, H17, has been obtained from rats immunized with mouse fibrosarcoma cells from an in vitro established methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced tumour. H17 shows specific and very selective binding to alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc alpha) when tested for reactivity to a panel of glycolipids. It cross-reacts with GalNAc alpha on the Forssman antigen extracted from dog small intestine, but not from the human blood group A determinant, a finding not commonly observed among antibodies with this specificity. Despite its specificity, H17 does not react with TA3-Ha, a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, known to express the Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha-O-Ser/Thr). The uniqueness of H17 probably relates to the fact that it has been generated against an MCA-induced tumour rather than against the pure saccharide itself. Minimum energy conformation structures of different GalNAc alpha containing saccharide molecules were computer modelled to allow a plausible interpretation of the accessible site of GalNAc alpha for successful interaction with the H17 paratope as compared to other GalNAc alpha binding antibodies.
Cytotoxic Spirostane-Type Saponins from the Roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum (2009)

Four new spirostane-type saponins named borivilianosides E-H (1-4) were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum together with two known steroid saponins (5 and 6). The structures of 1-4 were elucidated using mainly 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of borivilianosides F (2), G (3), and H (4) and three known compounds was evaluated using two human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and HCT 116).
Suppression of forward-scattered light using high-frequency intensity modulation (2013)

Laser imaging through a turbid medium is complicated by scattering. Backscattered photons reduce image contrast as weak target returns compete against a large background of backscattered light. Forward scattering broadens the interrogating laser beam, thereby reducing the spatial resolution of the target. Prior research has shown that intensity modulation (<100 MHz ) can be used to “wash-out” the backscatter, resulting in better discrimination of the target and higher contrast. We show that the higher modulation frequencies (>100 MHz ) can be also used to suppress forward scattered light, thereby increasing spatial resolution.
Synthesis of N.alpha.,N.delta.-protected N.delta.-hydroxy-L-ornithine from L-glutamic acid (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of N.alpha.,N.delta.-protected N.delta.-hydroxy-L-ornithine from L-glutamic acidRichard K. Olsen, K. Ramasamy, and Thomas EmeryCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 19, 3527–3534Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00193a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views730Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SCMD: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Morphological Database (2003)

To study the global regulation of cell morphology, a number of groups have recently reported genome-wide screening data for yeast mutants with abnormal morphology. Despite the relatively simple ellipsoidal shape of yeast cells, in the past, cell morphology researchers have processed information on cells manually. These time-consuming, entirely subjective tasks motivated us to develop image-processing software that automatically extracts yeast cells from micrographs and processes them to measure key morphological characteristics such as cell size, roundness, bud neck position angle, nuclear DNA localization and actin localization. To date, we have retrieved 960,609 cells from 52,988 micrographs of 2531 mutants using our software, and we have published the results in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Morphological Database (SCMD), which facilitates the analysis of abnormal cells. Our system provides quantitative data for shapes of the daughter and mother cells, localization of the nuclear DNA and morphology of the actin patches. To search for mutants with similar morphological traits, the system outputs a list of mutants ranked by similarity of average morphological parameters. The SCMD is available at http://yeast. gi.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/.
A simple apparatus for measuring gas production by methanogenic cultures in serum bottles (1983)

Abstract The construction and use of an apparatus for measuring gas production in methanogenic cultures is described. The device consists of two glass syringes and two 3‐way stopcocks assembled and connected to a water manometer. Measurements of known amounts of methane added to serum bottles gave recoveries between 96 and 101%.
An Examination of the Importance of Strain in the Cannabis Gateway Effect (2017)

Gateway theory has been the source of much debate in both the research literature and public policy. Support for gateway sequencing has been mixed, especially in research that has considered the role of criminological variables in the etiology of substance use. For example, limited prior research has observed as important in gateway sequencing the effects of severe stressors. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health are utilized to test gateway theory and examine whether severe stressors affect the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and later use of other illicit drugs (OIDs). Findings suggest that while frequency of cannabis use does increase the likelihood of later use of OIDs, this relationship may be the result of the common cause of experiencing severe stress. Implications of the findings are discussed.