gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High resolution Compton scattering study of Be (1996)

We have carried out high-resolution Compton scattering measurements from two single crystals of Be ([00.1] and [11.0]), together with highly accurate all-electron first-principles computations of the profiles within the band theory framework. The Compton data were collected using a newly constructed crystal spectrometer at a record momentum resolution varying between 0.023 and 0.032 a.u. (full width at half maximum) with 8 keV x rays from a synchrotron source. Although the overall shapes of the measured and computed spectra are in good accord, the fine structure in the data shows significant discrepancies with respect to the local density approximation based theoretical predictions. In particular, several features in the observed spectra are substantially broader than the computations, indicating the importance of electron correlations and other effects in analyzing momentum densities and Compton profiles from solids. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture and tens in the rehabilitation of chronic low back pain patients (1986)

Fifty-four patients treated in a 3-week inpatient rehabilitation program were randomly assigned to and accepted treatment with electroacupuncture (n = 17), TENS (low intensity transcutaneous nerve stimulation, n = 18), and TENS dead-battery (placebo, n = 18). Outcome measures included estimates of pain (on a Visual Analogue Scale) and disability by both physician and patient, physical measures of trunk strength and spine range of motion, as well as the patient's perceptions of the relative contribution of the education, exercise training, and the electrical stimulation. Analyses of variance were utilized to determine effects of treatment (electroacupuncture, TENS, placebo) across time (admission, discharge, and return) for the outcome measures. There were no significant differences between treatment groups with respect to their overall rehabilitation. All 3 treatment groups ranked the contribution of the education as being greater than the electrical stimulation. However, the electroacupuncture group consistently demonstrated greater improvement on the outcome measures than the other treatment groups. For the visual analogue scale measure of average pain, there was a statistical trend at the return visit suggesting that the acupuncture group was experiencing less pain.
Buffeting Flows over Delta Wings (1999)

Experimental evidence suggests that vortex breakdown is not the only source of buffeting of delta wings and fins. Other unsteady flow phenomena that contribute to buffeting at high angles of attack are fluctuations of vortex breakdown location and vortex shedding. Flow visualization and velocity measurements were carried out over a delta wing, over a wide range of angles of attack, to understand the transition between the helical mode instability and the vortex shedding. It was found that this transition is abrupt, as indicated by a jump in the frequency parameter, and that it occurs at the angle of attack at which breakdown reached the apex. The unsteady nature of vortex breakdown location was investigated by flow visualization for the interaction of vortex breakdown with a rigid flat plate. Although there are indications of a feedback effect on vortex breakdown, the amplitude of the fluctuations of breakdown location is smaller for impinging flows
Synthesis of Nano-Barium Titanate and Application for Strontium Adsorption from Aqueous Solution (2016)

Barium Titanate (BaTiO 3 ) nanostructures are synthesized by the molten salt-hydroxide reaction. The crystalline phase and chemical structure of the synthesized material are analyzed using powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and FT-IR techniques, revealing the tetragonal BaTiO 3 crystalline structure. Morphology and thermal stability of the material are characterized using TEM and TG-DTG analysis. BET surface area analysis shows significant active surface available for adsorption and its surface area value is found to be 14.8427 m 2 g -1 . The maximum adsorption of strontium metal is found to be 56.3 for the 1.2 g L -1 BaTiO 3 adsorbent dose which reveals a remarkable separation property of the BaTiO 3 .
Supplementary Data S3 from Whole-genome and epigenomic landscapes of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors harboring KIT exon 11 557–558 deletion mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CNAs identified in the 30 GIST cases in our study cohort.&lt;/p&gt;
LETTERS (1985)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTLETTERSWINSLOW H. HARTFORDView Author Information Environmental Science Belmont Abbey CollegeCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1985, 63, 6, 2Publication Date (Print):February 11, 1985Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 11 February 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v063n006.p002https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v063n006.p002letterACS PublicationsCopyright © 1985 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (126 KB) Get e-Alerts
<title>Compact time-resolved reflectance system for dual-wavelength multichannel assessment of tissue absorption and scattering</title> (1999)

We developed a dual-wavelength multichannel system for time-resolved reflectance measurements based on the time- correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) technique. The output pulses of two laser diodes (672 and 818 nm, 80 MHz pulse repetition rate, 1 mW average power, 100 ps FWHM) are delayed and coupled into a multimode graded-index fiber (50/125 ?m) and injected into the tissue. The reflectance photons are collected by 1 mm fibers and detected by a multianode photomultiplier. The output signals of the photomultiplier are redirected by a router to different memory blocks of a TCSPC PC board, allowing the parallel acquisition of the curves. The solution of the time-dependent diffusion equation for the reflectance through a semi infinite homogeneous medium is best-fitted to the experimental curves, leading to the simultaneous estimate of the reduced scattering and absorption coefficients at two wavelengths in four different positions. The minimum acquisition time is 100 ms, fixed by the maximum count rate of the TCSPC PC board (1 MHz) and by the required S/N ratio. The performances of the system were tested on phantoms in terms of stability and accuracy in the determination of absolute values of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients. Preliminary in vivo measurements were performed on healthy volunteers to estimate absorption and reduced scattering in different physiological conditions and to derive tissue functional parameters such as tissue oxygenation.
The oncostatin M‐stromal cell axis in health and disease (2018)

The field of stromal immunology has risen to prominence in the last decade, fuelled by accumulating evidence that nonhaematopoietic mesenchymal cells are not simply involved in modulating tissue structure, but actively contribute to immune processes. In addition to regulating tissue integrity during homoeostasis, stromal cells are sensitive sensors of inflammatory stimuli produced downstream of tissue injury or infection, and respond by producing a wide variety of chemokines, cytokines and adhesion factors that contribute to immunity and tissue repair. When not appropriately regulated, these same processes can result in inflammatory pathology and organ dysfunction. In this review, we provide a brief overview of stromal immunology, followed by a comprehensive discussion of how the IL-6 family cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) coordinates stromal cell activity in diverse physiological and pathological contexts. We conclude by providing a perspective on the potential clinical value of the OSM-stromal cell axis and how this pathway might be exploited therapeutically.
Synergy of 2.5D Approach and Grid Technology for Synthesis of Realistic 3D/3C Seismograms in Anisotropic Media (2011)

An important part of research activities in geophysics represents solution of very big computational problems. For economic reasons research labs usually do not have own computational resources of necessary for those tasks performance. Moreover, even the most powerful companies sometimes can’t allocate enough computational resources to solve research problems for reasonable time. However, multiple cooperating labs may join their resources to solve bigger problems. Grid computing is a technology primary devoted to solution of computation intensive problems by Virtual Organizations of independent trusted partners. European Grid Initiative merges huge computational and storage resources for grid users. To benefit from access to those resources one has to ‘gridificate’ application technologies. This means paradigm shift from High Performance Computing to High Throughput Computing, from parallel computing to distributed one. 2.5D full-wave modelling approach relevant to grid technology is discussed. The approach has been tested in Ukrainian Academic Grid.
Techniques and tools for dynamic optimization (2006)

Traditional code optimizers have produced significant performance improvements over the past forty years. While promising avenues of research still exist, traditional static and profiling techniques have reached the point of diminishing returns. The main problem is that these approaches have only a limited view of the program and have difficulty taking advantage of the actual run-time behavior of a program. We are addressing this problem through the development of a dynamic optimization system suited for aggressive optimization - using the full power of the most beneficial optimizations. We have designed our optimizer to operate using a software dynamic translation (SDT) execution system. Difficult challenges in this research include reducing SDT overhead and determining what optimizations to apply and where in the code to apply them. Another challenge is having the necessary tools to ensure the reliability of software that is dynamically optimized. In this paper, we describe our efforts in reducing overhead in SDT and efficient techniques for instrumenting the application code. We also describe our approach to determine what and where an optimization should be applied. We discuss other fundamental issues in developing a dynamic optimizer and finally present a basic debugger for SDT systems
Cover Picture: Photo‐Chromium: Sensitizer for Visible‐Light‐Induced Oxidative C−H Bond Functionalization—Electron or Energy Transfer? (ChemPhotoChem 8/2017) (2017)

The Front Cover picture shows the molecular structure of the sensitizer with an earth-abundant CrIII ion and a flask containing the sensitizer and the amine substrate, all illuminated by the sun under air. More information can be found in the Communication by S. Lochbrunner, T. Opatz, K. Heinze and co-workers on page 344 in Issue 8, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700077).
Comparative adsorption of human enteroviruses, simian rotavirus, and selected bacteriophages to soils (1979)

Virus adsorption to soils is considered to be the most important factor in removing viruses after land treatment of wastewater. Most of the studies on virus adsorption to soils have utilized poliovirus as the model system. In the present study, comparative adsorption of a number of different types and strains of human enteroviruses and bacteriophages to nine different soil types was studied. Under the experimental conditions of this study, greater than 90% of all viruses adsorbed to a sandy loam soil except echovirus types 1, 12, and 29 and a simian rotavirus (SA-11), which adsorbed to a considerably lower degree. A great deal of variability was observed between adsorption of different strains of echovirus type 1, indicating that viral adsorption to soils is highly strain dependent. Of the five phages studied, f2 and phi X174 adsorbed the least. In addition to being dependent on type and strain of virus, adsorption was found to be influenced also by type of soil. Thus, soils having a saturated pH of less than 5 were generally good adsorbers. From these results, it appears that no one enterovirus or coliphage can be used as the sole model for determining the adsorptive behavior of viruses to soils and that no single soil can be used as the model for determining viral adsorptive capacity of all soil types.
A TIME-SCALE PROBLEM FOR THE FORMATION OF SOOT PRECURSORS IN PREMIXED FLAMES (2003)

This paper applies a previously developed tool to study the molecular transformations that occur in combustion conditions during the transition from gas phase precursors to soot particles.1-2 To help resolve issues such as identification of pathways leading to soot
Modeling of Ignition and CO Oxidation in the Boundary Layer of a Single Char Particle (1996)

A model is developed for CO oxidation in the boundary layer of a single char particle. The model includes char oxidation and a 56 reaction gas phase kinetic scheme which is coupled with the diffusive properties of the 12 species involved in the CO oxidation. The model is compared with the experimental data of Tognotti and co-workers. The temperature reached on ignition, the resulting CO2/CO ratio, and the effect of changing water vapor concentrations are well described. Studies on the effect of water concentration show that significant CO oxidation at low temperatures requires a high surrounding water concentration. The presence of water vapor or hydrogen is found to be necessary to obtain a high degree of CO oxidation at low temperatures; however, there is a minimum temperature below which significant CO oxidation in the boundary layer does not occur irrespective of how high the water concentration is. In addition, CO oxidation is negligible even at a surface temperature as high as 2500 K when water and hydrogen are absent. The model has also been applied to predict the effects of changing parameters. Catalytic acceleration of the rate of carbon oxidation, for example by the addition of calcium, leads to both a high particle temperature overshoot and a significant increase in CO oxidation over the particle surface.
IL28B is An Irrelevant Prognostic Factor for HCV in the Era of Highly Effective DAAs (2018)

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapies have ushered in the beginning of new era for HCV treatment. Comparative studies to understand the efficacy, safety and factors associated with treatment non-response to DAAs therapies are much-needed. The present study was conducted primarily to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir based DDAs therapy and secondly to investigate the role of host and viral factors especially rs12979860 with treatment response. This study showed that sofosbuvir based therapy was safe and associated with high rates of sustained virological response in both treatment naive and experienced patients. IL28B rs12979860 was not associated with sofosbuvir based treatment hence an irrelevant prognostic factor in our population.
Explosively-driven magnetohydrodynamic generator: Phase II (1996)

Phase II work for this Laboratory Directed Research and Development project is presented. Historically, high velocity, solid, electrically conducting armatures or projectiles have been utilized to generate or magnify existing electric fields in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) devices. Useful power can be extracted from high velocity ionized, electrically conductive plasma jets. The MHD device current output can be switched to power other devices. The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of an Explosively-Driven Ionized Plasma Jet Generator (EDMG) to more efficiently obtain velocities much higher than can be achieved with solid armatures or projectiles. The armature velocity is one of the more important parameters in the electric field magnification process. The ionized plasma jet is generated by explosively collapsing a gas (neon, argon, xenon, hydrogen) filled cavity and directing the jet through a shocktube or core of an MHD device. Data are presented for two different size and configuration explosive drivers, one explosive (COMP-C4), one gas (argon), different driver pressures (90-200 psia), different shocktube or test section pressures (0.01-11.7 psia), and for two different shocktube inside dimensions. Measured time-of-arrival, current, voltage, resistance, power and energy data are presented for tests conducted. Measured time-of-arrival and plasma flow velocity data are compared to the predicted CTH hydrocode data. CTH code calculations are also presented to compare EDMG performance of various test gases and various explosive liner materials.
Digestion, absorption, fermentation, and metabolism of functional sugar substitutes and their available energy (2002)

Abstract Many kinds of oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols have been newly developed as bulking sugar substitutes that have beneficial health effects. A sugar substitute that is not digested and absorbed in the small intestine reaches the large intestine, where it is completely fermented by intestinal bacteria and produces short-chain fatty acids, which are converted to energy. The available energy of a nondigestible sugar substitute, which is completely fermented by intestinal microbes, is estimated as approximately 2 kcal/g. On the other hand, a sufficiently high ingestion of nondigestible sugar substitutes regularly causes overt diarrhea in human and animals. However, the diarrhea disappears within a few days because intestinal microbes, which readily utilize these saccharides, increase during ingestion. The maximum permissible dose, by which transitory diarrhea is not caused by the ingestion of nondigestible sugar substitutes, is estimated as approximately 0.3 g per kg body weight in single ingestion for Japanese adults. The value is varied by some factors, such as separate ingestion, repeat ingestion, test substance, and body condition, etc.
Liquid scintillation counting of tritium in small volumes of scintillator solution (1983)

Modern scintillator solutions for counting aqueous samples are designed to hold up to their equivalent volume of water. Thus, in experiments where the aqueous sample is only 5 to 50 ..mu..l of total volume, it is not necessary to use 10 ml of scintillator solution. This paper presents results showing that 200 ..mu..l of volume (sample plus scintillator solution) can be measured and the amount of tritium (disintegrations per minute, (dpm)) determined. All samples were measured on either a Beckman LS 6800 or LS 2800 with dpm data reduction and using Hnumber as the quench monitoring means.
Driving environment recognition for adaptive automotive systems (2002)

With the rapid development of electronics and the growing demand for higher performance with respect to safety, driveability, fuel efficiency, and emissions, modern automotive systems are required to perform increasingly sophisticated tasks. To meet these challenges single type controls for each subsystem will tend to be integrated by an overall intelligent control system which is able to perceive the present situation and adjust adaptive vehicular components accordingly. To take a crucial step towards intelligent automotive systems the problem of environment recognition is addressed and a neuro-fuzzy approach for the identification of the driving situation based on available sensor information is introduced. It uses fuzzy logic for the classification task, generated and optimized by means of a neural network, and allows the bidirectional conversion between the fuzzy and neural domain. The proposed method leads to superior classification results and reduced development time compared to "manual" system design.
A PIEZOELECTRICALLY ACTUATED CERAMIC-SI-GLASS MICROVALVE FOR DISTRIBUTED COOLING SYSTEMS (2006)

This paper describes a normally-open, self-encapsulated, valve for modulating refrigerant flow in a cryogenic cooling system. The valve consists of a micromachined die fabricated from a silicon-on-insulator wafer and a glass wafer, a commercially available piezoelectric stack actuator, and Macor ceramic encapsulation that has overall dimensions of 1 1 1 cm 3 . A perimeter augmentation scheme for the valve seat has been implemented to provide high flow modulation. In tests performed at room temperature the flow was modulated from 980 mL/min. with the valve fully open (0 V), to 0 mL/min. with 60 V actuation voltage, at an inlet pressure of 55 kPa. Preliminary test results obtained at 80 K demonstrate that higher actuation voltages ( 120 V) are required to close the valve. However, it shows consistent modulation capability regardless of inlet pressure up to approximately 1 atm.
Inactivity physiology: The anthropometric and blood parameters of Singaporean youths (2013)

This brief was based on the project OER 16/09 MC: Physical Inactivity, Physical Fitness, Metabolic Status and Academic
Performance amongst Secondary School Students in Singapore.
Gain suppression phenomena observed in InxGa1−xN quantum well laser diodes emitting at 470nm (2006)

Optical gain spectra were measured for InGaN-based laser diodes (LDs) emitting at 406nm (LD406) and 470nm (LD470) by employing the Hakki-Paoli method. The internal loss coefficient was as large as 35cm−1 for the LD470 compared to 25cm−1 for LD406. Moreover, gain saturation was observed at about 490nm just below the lasing threshold, and a gain band appears at higher photon energies for further carrier injection resulting in lasing at 470nm. Spontaneous emission peaks of electroluminescence were measured as a function of injection current density below threshold for both samples. The authors attribute the huge blueshift of the spontaneous emission of LD470 up to 450meV to a filling of the localized tail states in addition to that caused by the screening of the piezoelectric field. The blueshift for the LD406 was as small as about 30meV and can be interpreted as a result of the screening by both injected carriers and dopants.
Intellectual Property Resources for International Development in Agriculture (2003)

Scientific advances in many fields were historically treated as public goods. This was particularly true in agriculture. Universities and other public sector institutions were leaders in developing improved crop varieties that were transferred to farms through cooperative extension services in the
Characterization of embedded metallic nanoparticles in oxides by cross-coupling aberration-corrected STEM and Atom Probe Tomography (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.