gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LZSA glass ceramic foams prepared by replication process (2004)

AbstractIn this study the replication process was applied to produce porous glass ceramic foams. Polyurethane (PU) sponges were impregnated by immersion in aqueous slurry of a parent glass (mean particle size around 3 μm) from the system Li2O–ZrO2–SiO2–Al2O3 and submitted to heat treatment. From TGA and IR analyses, two main paths of thermal decomposition of PU sponges were observed at 312 and 393°C, which were associated with the decomposition products CO2, CO, NH3 and isocyanide. According to linear thermal shrinkage and DTA measurements, sintering starts at around 570°C and is completed below 700°C, when crystallisation takes place. The main crystalline phases identified by XRD analysis were zirconium silicate, lithium metasilicate and β-spodumene. The morphology and properties of the glass ceramic foams obtained from PU sponges were quite similar for all samples tested. From XCT measurements, a mean cell diameter of around 260 μm and mean strut thickness of 185 μm were calculated, corresponding to a porosity of 75–78%. Compressive strength values under 500 kPa and permeability coefficient in air of about 1000 Darcy were also measured for the samples tested. LZSA glass ceramic foams can be a very interesting alternative to ceramic gas filters, owing to low temperature processing, and to superior properties such as corrosion and thermal shock resistance.Keywords: CELLULAR CERAMICSCERAMIC FOAMSFILTERSGLASS CERAMICSREPLICATION PROCESSRETICULATED POROUS CERAMICS
Photoinduced Optical Anisotropy in Modified Polyimides (2006)

New poly(amide-imide)s containing cinnamoyl and azobenzene units have been synthesized by direct polycondensation reaction of two diacids having preformed cinnamoyl units and a diamine incorporating azobenzene groups, using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. The polymers were readily soluble in various organic solvents and gave thin films by casting from such solutions. They showed good thermal stability. A highly anisotropic optical film was fabricated by irradiation with linearly polarized light and its stability was studied
Post-Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Effects on Outcome Measures and Life Care Costs (2014)

Rehabilitation is the predominant post-acute treatment for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of post-acute TBI rehabilitation by comparing outcome measures and life care cost with that of patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who underwent a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program within the same facility. To better assess the effects of rehabilitation, we only included patients with no benefit limitations from the insurance carrier. Functional effectiveness was determined by comparing outcome scales, which included the Disability Rating Scale, Mayo Portland Inventory, Occupational Status Scale, Living Status Scale, and the Centre for Neuro Skills Scale. Cost-effectiveness was determined by having certified life care planners create separate cost projections from the admission and discharge patient files. This allowed us to compare cost projections with and without rehabilitation for each patient. Significant decreases in the cost projections, i.e., rehabilitation savings (RS), were found after rehabilitation for TBI. These RS were equivalent to those of patients with CVA. Likewise, equivalent improvements were found on all of the outcome scales for both brain injury groups. We also evaluated if the latency from TBI to admission in the rehabilitation program had an influence on outcome. Cost and functional effectiveness was more marked when rehabilitation was initiated within the first year after TBI. The effects of age of TBI were also evaluated. Although RS were most marked in younger patients, improvements in outcome measures were observed in all age groups after post-acute rehabilitation.
Collaborative Methods for Real-Time Localization in Urban Centers (2015)

This article presents an effective solution for the localization of a vehicle in dense urban areas where GNSS-based methods fail because of poor satellite visibility. It advocates the use of a visual-based method processing georeferenced landmarks obtained after a learning path and stored in a new layer of the geographical information system (GIS) used for navigation. Real-time localization gives, with few failures, accurate results in the areas covered by the GIS. The integrity of the localization is obtained by running another algorithm in parallel, processing odometric data combined with the geometric model of the drivable area and, when available, GNSS data in tight coupling. An ellipsoidal confidence domain is updated by using both extended Kalman filtering (EKF) and set-membership estimation. Although less accurate, this estimation is reliable and, when the visual method fails, the availability of a confidence domain enables us to speed up the restart of the visual method while navigating cautiously. A large-scale experiment (&gt;4 km) was conducted in the centre of Paris. We compare the absolute localization results with the ground truth obtained by combining RTK-GPS and a high-end inertial measurement unit (IMU).
Prevention of hyperacute xenograft rejection in orthotopic xenotransplantation of pig hearts into baboons using immunoadsorption of antibodies and complement factors (2000)

Abstract To prevent hyperacute xenograft rejection (HXR) caused by preformed natural antibodies (XNAb) after orthotopic heart xenotransplantation (oXHTx) of landrace pig hearts into baboons, we used immunoadsorption of immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA and complement with the reusable Ig-Therasorb column. In addition to functional data, tissue was sampled for histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopical analysis. We performed three oXHTx of landrace pig hearts to baboons using extracorporeal circulation (ECC) connected to the immunoadsorption unit. Intraoperative treatment consisted of four cycles of immunoabsorption (IA). One oXHTx of a baboon without IA served as a control. A mismatch of donor and recipient heart size was prevented by selecting a 30-40% lower body weight of donor pigs than recipients. Four cycles of IA removed more than 80% of IgG, IgM and IgA, 86% of anti-pig antibodies and 66% of complement factors C3 and C4 from plasma. The graft of the control animal failed after 29 min. Orthotopic xenotransplantation with IA was selectively terminated after 100 min, 11 h and 21 h, respectively without any histological signs of HXR in light and electron microscopy. After weaning off from ECC these donor xenografts showed sufficient function with normal ECG and excellent cardiac output in echocardiography and invasive measurement (1.93 ± 0.035 l/min). The myocardium of the control xenograft demonstrated more deposits of Ig and complement components (C3, C4) than in the IA group. Baboons survive HXR after orthotopic pig heart xenotransplantation due to antibody depletion by reusable Ig-Therasorb column treatment. Long-term survival in an orthotopic baboon xenotransplantation model after IA, especially in combination with transgenic pig organs, could be a reliable preclinical trial for future clinical xenotransplantation programs.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Refractory Daytime Urinary Urge Incontinence (2009)

Sacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation seems superior to placebo for refractory daytime incontinence in children with overactive bladder. This effect does not seem to be a consequence of improved bladder reservoir function.
Prokaryotic expression cloning of a novel human tyrosine kinase. (1994)

Screening of a human embryonic lung fibroblast cDNA expression library with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies led to isolation of a novel protein kinase. A clone, designated A6, contained a 3-kb cDNA insert with a predicted open reading frame of 350 amino acids. DNA sequence analysis failed to reveal any detectable similarity with previously known genes, and the predicted A6 protein lacked any of the motifs commonly conserved in the catalytic domains of protein kinases. However, the bacterially expressed beta-galactosidase-A6 fusion protein demonstrated both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation in an in vitro kinase assay and phosphorylated exogenous substrates including myelin basic protein specifically on tyrosine residues. The enzyme also displayed biochemical properties analogous to those of other protein tyrosine kinases. The A6 gene was found to be expressed widely at the transcript level in normal tissues and was evolutionarily conserved. Thus, A6 represents a novel tyrosine kinase which is highly divergent from previously described members of this important class of regulatory molecules.
Machine Learning in the Browser (2017)

The past decade has seen the rise of rich, dynamic Web applications, and it has also seen the popularization of machine learning. Despite this, we have not seen web applications that evaluate machine learning models in the browser because of technical limitations that make it difficult to do so quickly. I motivate and present a machine learning library for the web, which interoperates with one of the most popular machine learning libraries and is capable of evaluating such models quickly. I further discuss the new classes of features and products enabled by such a library, including: privacy, offline mode, and self-contained demos. The library runs within an order of magnitude of the speed that the native, single-threaded equivalent runs in. For example, one popular image recognition model, Inception, ran in 0.67 seconds natively and as fast as 2.59s on commodity browsers by leveraging emerging web technologies. I also discuss the challenges of building and some of the use cases of such a library.
Hydraulic Fracturing in the Upper Humboldt River Basin, Nevada, USA (2017)

Water-quality and isotopic data were collected in central Nevada, USA in an exploration hydraulic fracturing area with no previous oil or gas production. The target shales of the Elko Formation are unique fresh-water hydrocarbon reservoirs with relatively dilute source water (8.5 g/L total dissolved solids [TDS]). Additionally, the Elko Formation is underlain by a fresh-water carbonate aquifer (0.2-0.3 g/L TDS) that outcrops downgradient of the exploration area. The water quality and isotopic data were used to evaluate pre-hydraulic fracturing conditions in this undeveloped area. The same data were also collected for groundwater and surface-water sites about two months and one year after exploration hydraulic fracturing. No systematic differences in water chemistry were observed between pre- and post-hydraulic fracturing samples. Based on water chemistry of shallow groundwater, surface water, and from the production zone, the most useful constituents identified for monitoring for potential future incursion of reservoir-associated fluids into the near-surface environment are TDS (or electrical conductivity), chloride, propane, methanol, ethanol, and 2-butoxyethanol. Groundwater flow and transport models were developed to evaluate the potential movement of hydrocarbons and hydraulic fracturing fluids from the targeted zones, which are about 1800 to 3600 m beneath the land surface, to shallow groundwater (<300 m below land surface). Model simulations indicate that hydraulic fracturing fluid remains contained within the target shales for at least 1,000 years for most development scenarios.
SYNFORMISSUE 2011/09 (2011)

This issue of SYNFORM welcomes back an editorial feature which was first published long time ago, precisely in the second issue ever of SYN- FORM (Issue 2, 2007): the Young Career Focus.At that time we wrote that "From this issue on, SYNFORM will regularly meet young up-and-coming researchers who are performing exceptionally well in the arena of organic chemistry and related fields of research, in order to introduce them to the readership."Unfortunately, we could not manage to "regularly" publish those special SYNSTORIES, which now come back after more than four years with an interview to Dr. R. Goss (UK), a former Thieme Chemistry Journal Awardee.Further Young Career Focus articles are already in preparation, so this time we can dare to say again that this will become a regular feature of SYNFORM.The issue is completed by an overview of an outstanding piece of chemistry developed by the group of Professor G. C. Micalizio (USA) consisting in the total synthesis of the non-opioid analgesic conolidine, and by another SYNSTORY investigating the behind-the-scenes of the novel exciting methodology for the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of substituted aziridines developed by Professor W. Wulff (USA).
Diluted magnetic III-V semiconductors (1989)

A new diluted magnetic III-V semiconductor of ${\mathrm{In}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{\mathrm{x}}$As (x\ensuremath{\le}0.18) has been produced by molecular-beam epitaxy. Films grown at 300 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C are predominantly ferromagnetic and their properties suggest the presence of MnAs clusters. Films grown 200 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, however, are predominantly paramagnetic, and the lattice constant decreases with increasing Mn composition; both are indicative of the formation of a homogeneous alloy. These films have n-type conductivity and reduced band gaps.
An Integrated Delta Manipulator for Aerial Repair: A New Aerial Robotic System (2019)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are capable of entering hazardous areas and accessing hardto-reach locations at high altitudes. However, small-scale UAVs are inherently unstable when exposed to challenging environments. Additionally, their ability to accurately interact with infrastructure is limited by the need to stabilize the vehicle precisely in flight.
Polymerisation of ethene by the novel titanium complex [Ti(Me3SiNCH2CH2NSiMe3)Cl2]; a metallocene analogue (1996)

Reaction of the trimethylsilylated diamine ligand (Me3Si)NHCH2CH2NH(SiMe3) with titanium(IV) precursors affords the novel distorted-tetrahedral complex [Ti(Me3SiNCH2CH2NSiMe3)Cl2] which, when activated by methylaluminoxane, is an active ethene polymerisation catalyst.
Superconductivity inLaFe1−xCoxAsO (2008)

Here we report the synthesis and basic characterization of ${\text{LaFe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Co}}_{x}\text{AsO}$ for several values of $x$. The parent phase LaFeAsO orders antiferromagnetically $({T}_{N}\ensuremath{\approx}145\text{ }\text{K})$. Replacing Fe with Co is expected both to electron dope and introduce disorder in the FeAs layer. For $x=0.05$ antiferromagnetic order is destroyed and superconductivity is observed at ${T}_{c}^{\text{onset}}=11.2\text{ }\text{K}$. For $x=0.11$ superconductivity is observed at ${T}_{c}^{\text{onset}}=14.3\text{ }\text{K}$ and for $x=0.15$ it is observed at ${T}_{c}^{\text{onset}}=6.0\text{ }\text{K}$. For $x=1$, and the material appears to be ferromagnetic as judged by magnetization measurements. We conclude that Co is an effective dopant to induce superconductivity. Somewhat surprisingly, the system appears to tolerate considerable disorder in the FeAs planes.
Stabilizing a Vehicle near Rollover: An Analogy to Cart-Pole (2010)

Abstract—An analogy between the dynamics of a cart-pole system and vehicle rollover dynamics is used to derive a controller for tipping up and stabilizing a planar model of a passenger vehicle near rollover by controlling lateral tire friction forces. The controller is based on a previously published controller for stabilizing a cart-pole using partial feedback linearization and energy shaping. A necessary condition for tip-up is given based on the surface friction coefficient and the location of the vehicle center of gravity (c.g.). A multi-body vehicle model with suspension is presented in the form of the robotic manipulator equations. Simulation results are presented demonstrating the effect of friction and suspension properties on the tip-up problem. I.
A 9-bit, 110-MS/s pipelined-SAR ADC using time-interleaved technique with shared comparator (2015)

A 9-bit 110-MS/s pipelined-SAR ADC is proposed. To alleviate the design tradeoff between conversion rate and power consumption, the design adopts a voltage-mode open-loop amplifier and a time-interleaved SAR architecture with comparator sharing. The ADC simulated in a 65-nm CMOS technology achieves an ENOB of 8.63 bits near the Nyquist input frequency at the sampling rate of 110MS/s. The power consumption is 7.9mW, resulting in 181.3fJ/conversion-step of Figure of Merit (FoM).
Energy and indoor environmental quality in relocatable classrooms (2002)

Relocatable classrooms (RCs) are commonly utilized by school districts with changing demographics and enrollment sizes. Four energy-efficient RCs were designed and constructed for this study to demonstrate technologies that simultaneously attempt to improve energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Two were installed at each of two school districts, and energy use and IEQ parameters were monitored during occupancy. Two (one per school) were finished with materials selected for reduced emissions of toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Each RC had two HVAC systems, alternated weekly, consisting of a standard heat-pump system and an indirect-direct evaporative cooling (IDEC) system with gas-fired hydronic heating. The hypothesized advantages of the IDEC include continuous outside air ventilation at {ge}7.5 L s{sup -1} per person, {approx}70% less cooling energy and efficient particle filtration. Measurements include: carbon dioxide, particles, VOCs, temperature, humidity, thermal comfort, noise, meteorology, and energy use. Preliminary IEQ monitoring results are reported.
Advanced Caution and Warning System, Final Report: 2011 (2013)

The work described in this report is a continuation of the ACAWS work funded in fiscal year (FY) 2010 under the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP), Integrated Systems Health Management (ISHM) project. In FY 2010, we developed requirements for an ACAWS system and vetted the requirements with potential users via a concept demonstration system. In FY 2011, we developed a working prototype of aspects of that concept, with placeholders for technologies to be fully developed in future phases of the project. The objective is to develop general capability to assist operators with system health monitoring and failure diagnosis. Moreover, ACAWS was integrated with the Discrete Controls (DC) task of the Autonomous Systems and Avionics (ASA) project. The primary objective of DC is to demonstrate an electronic and interactive procedure display environment and multiple levels of automation (automatic execution by computer, execution by computer if the operator consents, and manual execution by the operator).
A novel method to measure and correct the odometry errors in mobile robots (2008)

This paper presents a novel and still simple method for odometry errors measurement and compensation. For a typical differential drive mobile robot, the three dominant and systematic error sources (unequal wheelspsila diameter, imprecise average wheels diameter and uncertainty about the effective wheelbase) are investigated. It is shown that the mobile robot, calibrated by using the proposed algorithm, has noticeable Odometric accuracy. Calibration coefficients are obtained by accurate measurements of the wheelspsila diameter ratios and the effective wheelbase. Then these coefficients are applied to the mobile robot through the driverpsilas controller software.
Computing Free Energy Landscapes: Application to Ni-based Electrocatalysts with Pendant Amines for H2Production and Oxidation (2013)

A general strategy is reported for the computational exploration of catalytic pathways of molecular catalysts. Our results are based on a set of linear free energy relationships derived from extensive electronic structure calculations that permit predicting the thermodynamics of intermediates, with accuracy comparable to experimental data. The approach is exemplified with the catalytic oxidation and production of H2 by [Ni(diphosphine)2]2+ electrocatalysts with pendant amines incorporated in the second coordination sphere of the metal center. The analysis focuses upon prediction of thermodynamic properties including reduction potentials, hydride donor abilities, and pKa values of both the protonated Ni center and the pendant amine. It is shown that all of these chemical properties can be estimated from the knowledge of only the two redox potentials for the Ni(II)/Ni(I) and Ni(I)/Ni(0) couples of the nonprotonated complex, and the pKa of the parent primary aminium ion. These three quantities are easily accessible either experimentally or theoretically. The proposed correlations reveal intimate details about the nature of the catalytic mechanism and its dependence on chemical structure and thermodynamic conditions such as applied external voltage and species concentration. This computational methodology is applied to the exploration of possible catalytic pathways, identifying low and high-energy intermediates and, consequently, possibly avoiding bottlenecks associated with undesirable intermediates in the catalytic reactions. We discuss how to optimize some of the critical reaction steps to favor catalytically more efficient intermediates. The results of this study highlight the substantial interplay between the various parameters characterizing the catalytic activity, and form the basis needed to optimize the performance of this class of catalysts.
Hierarchical Gaussian mixture model (2010)

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are a convenient and essential tool for the estimation of probability density functions. Although GMMs are used in many research domains from image processing to machine learning, this statistical mixture modeling is usually com- plex and further needs to be simplified. In this paper, we present a GMM simplification method based on a hierarchical clustering algo- rithm. Our method allows one to first to quickly compute a compact version of the initial GMM, and second to automatically learn the optimal number of components of the simplified GMM. Using the framework of Bregman divergences, this simplification algorithm, although presented here for GMMs, is suitable for any mixture of exponential families.
Magnetic cluster phases of Mn-interstitial-free (Ga,Mn)As (2007)

We report an investigation of magnetic cluster phases of (Ga,Mn)As of varying dosages formed by Mn ion implantation followed by pulsed‐laser melting (II‐PLM). A systematic study of zero‐field‐cooled and field‐cooled magnetization along several high‐symmetry crystallographic directions reveals the presence of magnetic cluster‐like phases, and manifests an unambiguous in‐plane uniaxial anisotropy in all samples. Since such anisotropy has been previously seen in (Ga,Mn)As grown by molecular beam epitaxy, its observation in (Ga,Mn)As prepared by II‐PLM suggests that it is an intrinsic property of (Ga,Mn)As rather than a consequence of a specific growth method. Our results also indicate a unique uniaxial component along [1̄10] for the magnetic cluster phase at intermediate Mn dosage indicating that composition as well as processing may determine the details of the magnetic anisotropy in (Ga,Mn)As.
Higher Rates of Decline for Women andApolipoprotein Eε4 Carriers (2013)

These results indicate that in addition to apolipoprotein E ε4 status, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies should take into account the effect of female sex on the Alzheimer disease process.