gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P101 The MHC-II transactivator CIITA inhibits Tax-1-mediated HTLV-1 expression and NF-kBactivation (2013)

Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of an aggressive malignancy of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Many evidences have shown that constitutive activation of NF-kB pathway by Tax-1 is crucial for T-cell transformation. We demonstrate that CIITA, the master regulator of MHC class II gene transcription, inhibits HTLV-1 replication by blocking the function of the viral transactivator Tax-1 both when exogenously transfected in 293T cells and when endogenously expressed by a subset of U937 promonocytic cells. Tax-1 and CIITA physically interact in vivo. CIITA residues from positions 64-124 are required to block Tax-1 transactivation and this inhibitory action correlates with the nuclear localization of CIITA. CIITA severely impairs the physical and functional interaction of Tax-1 with the cellular co-activators PCAF, CREB and ATF1, which are required for the optimal activation of HTLV-1 promoter. Accordingly, the over-expression of PCAF, CREB and ATF1restore Tax-1-dependent transactivation of the viral LTR promoter inhibited by CIITA. Interestingly, CIITA inhibits also Tax-1-mediated activation of the NF-kB pathway, suggesting that its newly discovered function as viral restriction factor in HTLV-1 infection may also result in a suppression of Tax-1-induced cellular transformation. Thus, assessing the molecular basis of CIITA-mediated Tax-1 inhibition may be important in defining new strategies to control HTLV-1 spreading and oncogenic potential.
Double-gate SOI devices for low-power and high-performance applications (2005)

Double-gate (DG) transistors have emerged as promising devices for nano-scale circuits due to their better scalability compared to bulk CMOS. Among the various types of DG devices, quasi-planar SOI FinFETs are easier to manufacture compared to planar double-gate devices. DG devices with independent gates (separate contacts to back and front gates) have recently been developed. DG devices with symmetric and asymmetric gates have also been demonstrated. Such device options have direct implications at the circuit level. Independent control of front and back gate in DG devices can be effectively used to improve performance and reduce power in sub-50nm circuits. Independent gate control can be used to merge parallel transistors in noncritical paths. This results in reduction in the effective switching capacitance and hence power dissipation. We show a variety of circuits in logic and memory that can benefit from independent gate operation of DG devices. As examples, we show the benefit of independent gate operation in circuits such as dynamic logic circuits, Schmitt triggers, sense amplifiers, and SRAM cells. In addition to independent gate option, we also investigate the usefulness of asymmetric devices and the impact of width quantization and process variations on circuit design.
Analysis on inverse free-electron laser accelerator. (1990)

The characteristics of the accelerator using the inverse free-electron laser process are investigated by a 1-D FEL simulation code in order to demonstrate the potential of this type of accelerator. When an infrared laser of 60 GW is focused to a 280μm diameter laser spot, the maximum acceleration rate reaches 100 MeV/m and the accelerated electron beam is strongly bunched. The bunch length is about 1/14 of the laser wavelength. For the simulations using the spectrum with sideband components, an unstable phenomenon is found which is due to the resonance between the synchrotron motion and the beat frequencies of the broad band laser radiation. The energy losses by the higher harmonics and by the synchrotron radiation are also studied.
Action of clindamycin-phosphate in foreign body infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis in mice. (1987)

The virulence of Staphylococcus epidermidis strain slime producer was examined in an experimental model of foreign body infection in mice. In the course of this experimental infection the mice were injected with two antibiotics (clindamycin and cefazolin) active in vitro toward the Staphylococcus strain used. The results obtained after a week of antibiotic therapy show that clindamycin alone has a therapeutic action against the infection caused by S. epidermidis. Cefazolin showed a very poor therapeutic effect. The results are discussed on the basis of inflammatory reaction elicited from the foreign body and the characteristics of clindamycin in connection with the host's defense mechanisms.
Flutter Analysis of Aircraft with External Stores Using Modal Coupling (2004)

A new modal coupling technique for efficient flutter and aeroservoelastic analyses of aircraft with multiple external-store configurations is presented. The aircraft is represented by a set of free-free normal modes obtained with large fictitious masses loading the interface coordinates to yield high-accuracy subsequent coupling results. Each store is represented by its own vibration modes obtained with a subset of statically determined interface coordinates clamped to the ground, and the remaining coordinates (if any) are loaded with large fictitious masses. The technique is formulated in a way that facilitates its application using standard options of common commercially available software packages. A finite element code is used to construct the aircraft and stores modal databases. A linear unsteady aerodynamics code is used to read the modal information, calculate the aerodynamic databases, construct and solve the aircraft-store coupling equations, and perform frequency-domain and state-space flutter analyses with or without control system effects
Femtosecond Laser-inscribed Non-volatile Integrated Optical Switch in Fused Silica based on Microfluidics-controlled Total Internal Reflection (2020)

We demonstrate a non-volatile optical power switch, fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription in a fused silica substrate, with switching operation based on microfluidics-controlled total internal reflection. The switch consists of crossed waveguides and a rectangular, high aspect ratio microfluidic channel, located at the waveguide crossing. The switching between total internal reflection and transmission at the channel wall is determined by the refractive index of the medium inside the channel. Femtosecond laser inscription allows for co-integration of low-loss optical waveguides and channels with smooth sidewalls and thus the fabrication of low insertion loss switches that are broadband and show low polarization dependent losses. The measured total internal reflection loss of the fabricated switch is about 1.5 dB at the wavelength 1550 nm. The loss due to transmission through the channel filled with refractive index matching liquid is about 0.5 dB. Detailed finite difference time domain and beam propagation method simulations of the switch's performance indicate that the losses can be further reduced by optimizing its geometry, together with further adjusting the inscription parameters.
Application and Mechanisms of Self-Generated Heat Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery (2018)

Foams are widely used in the oil and gas industry due to their unique viscous and elastic properties. However, typical foam injection methods into reservoirs require large equipment with high injection pressure, which might not be suitable for development of offshore oilfields, deep wells, or high condensate petroleum reservoirs. Here, for the first time, we report self-generated heat foams (SGHFs) that are systematically generated and studied by combining self-generated nitrogen gas reactants (sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride) and environmentally friendly surfactants. Sandpack oil recovery flooding experiments at 60 °C and 4 MPa along with two-dimensional (2D) visualization micromodel experiments were carried out to analyze the oil displacement mechanisms. Various oil recovery aspects such as heat production, oil viscosity reduction, foam generation, profile control, and heat-foam synergistic effects were investigated. The results showed that SGHFs can increase oil recovery by 33.9% from homogeneous (permeability of ∼2 Darcy) single layer formation and by 20.4% from heterogeneous (permeability ratio >10) multilayer formation. The incremental oil recovery by SGHFs was much higher than that of conventional foam or self-generated heat (SGH) without foam. The heat produced by the SGHF chemical reaction increased the temperature of the crude oil by 13 °C, reduced the crude oil viscosity by 35%, and helped increase oil recovery by reducing the mobility ratio. Moreover, the foams generated by SGHFs had a remarkable effect on the profile (conformance) control in the presence of crude oil. The synergistic effect between the heat and the foam produced by SGHF chemical reaction can be explained by (1) The chemical reaction can produce small and uniform foam, seen by the 2D micromodel, which can block large pores in porous media and enhance sweep efficiency and (2) The uniform sweep efficiency due to the presence of foam can help distribute the heat and make the temperature rise evenly along the sandpack, which was beneficial to reduce the crude oil viscosity throughout the entire porous media and improve oil recovery.
Light at night in older age is associated with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension (2022)

Light at night (LAN) has been associated with negative health consequences and metabolic risk factors. Little is known about the prevalence of LAN in older adults in the United States and its association with CVD risk factors. We tested the hypothesis that LAN in older age is associated with higher prevalence of individual CVD risk factors. Five hundred and fifty-two community-dwelling adults aged 63-84 years underwent an examination of CVD risk factor profiles and 7-day actigraphy recording for activity and light measures. Associations between actigraphy-measured LAN, defined as no light vs. light within the 5-hour nadir (L5), and CVD risk factors, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, were examined, after adjusting for age, sex, race, season of recording, and sleep variables. LAN exposure was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.82 [95% CI 1.26-2.65]), diabetes (OR 2.00 [1.19-3.43]), and hypertension (OR 1.74 [1.21-2.52]) but not with hypercholesterolemia. LAN was also associated with (1) later timing of lowest light exposure (L5-light) and lowest activity (L5-activity), (2) lower inter-daily stability and amplitude of light exposure and activity, and (3) higher wake after sleep onset. Habitual LAN in older age is associated with concurrent obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Further research is needed to understand long-term effects of LAN on cardiometabolic risks.
Analysis of Inter-and Intra-Grain Defects in Electrically Characterized Poly-Si Nanowire TFTs by Multicomponent DF Imaging Based on NBD-2DI (2017)

2017 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Analysis of Inter-and Intra-Grain Defects in Electrically Characterized Poly-Si Nanowire TFTs by Multicomponent DF Imaging Based on NBD-2DI
A little complexity analysis goes a long way (1990)

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Smart and agile 84 W fs Yb-fiber laser for spectroscopy (2022)

We demonstrate an all-PM high power ultrafast Yb-fiber laser utilizing digital controls for frequency comb stabilization and femtosecond pulse shaping.
Molecular basis of chemosensitivity of platinum pre-treated ovarian cancer to chemotherapy (2010)

The chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer to drugs is related to the expression of genes involved in sensitivity and resistance mechanisms.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and potential anticancer therapy (2017)

Mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) has been identified as an important factor in various diseases ranging from neurological disorders, to diseases of the cardiovascular system and metabolic syndromes. MDF was also found in cancer as well as in cancer predisposition syndromes with defective DNA damage response (DDR) machinery. Moreover, a recent highlight arises from the detection of MDF in eukaryotic cells upon treatment with antibiotics. In this review, we focus on recent studies of MDF in pathological conditions with a particular emphasis on the effects of various classes of antibiotics on mitochondria. Special attention is given to the role of autophagy/mitophagy in MDF and repurposing antibiotics as anticancer drugs.
The effects of built-in electric field on the performance of compositionally graded P-on-n HgCdTe heterojunction photodiodes (1995)

The results of a study of the optical and electrical performance of P-on-n HgCdTe heterojunctions, with a linear gradient in composition, are presented. First presented is a solution of the one-dimensional continuity equation which includes the spatial dependencies of the material properties, such as absorption coefficient, band gap, and intrinsic carrier concentration, in the graded layer. Using the above solution, diodes with different grading profiles (and hence different electric fields), but with the same cutoff wavelength, are compared. The advantages of the built-in electric field formed by the grading in composition are presented and discussed. It is shown that the major consequence of the electric field is the reduction of the effects caused by the imperfect CdTe/HgCdTe interface at the backside.
Patterning Characteristics of 0.1-µm Line-and-Space Pattern in Synchrotron Radiation Lithography (1994)

A detailed analysis is performed to investigate the effects of mask contrast, mask-pattern size error and proximity gap on resolution and exposure dose margin for replicating 0.1-µm-region line-and-space (L&amp;S) patterns using synchrotron radiation lithography. The analysis is performed by comparing Fresnel diffraction simulation and pattern replication experiments. When a conventional-contrast (7) mask is used, designing the pattern size of a Ta mask absorber to be slightly narrower than the specified value is a great advantage for faithful pattern replication of 0.1-µm L&amp;S patterns. A large dose margin is obtained for proximity gaps of 15 µm or less. On the other hand, a low-contrast (2.5) mask has an advantage over the conventional mask in that it allows the use of a larger proximity gap for replicating 0.1-µm L&amp;S patterns. A relatively large margin is obtained by limiting the Ta size error to the range of -0.05 µm to +0.03 µm for proximity gaps smaller than 25 µm, and ±0.02 µm for a 30-µm gap.
Set Up and Characterization of a System for the Generation of Reference Magnetic Fields From 1 to 100 kHz (2007)

This paper describes the design process, the specific features, and the characterization procedures of the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (I.N.RI.M.) set up for the generation of reference magnetic fields in the frequency range from 1 to 100 kHz. Numerical techniques, validated by comparison with experimental data, make it possible to choose the best solutions for obtaining magnetic flux densities up to 100 muT at 1 kHz and 25 muT at 100 kHz with relative uncertainty from a few parts in 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> up to the percent
Measurements of characteristic transients of planar electrostatic probes in cold plasmas (2000)

This article describes how to extract accurate information about a plasma from a capacitively coupled planar probe that is biased using pulsed radio-frequency excitation. The conditions necessary to observe correct saturation of the probe current are investigated, particularly the use of correct geometry and biasing for the guard ring. With these precautions the probe is an effective diagnostic for electron tail temperature at energies beyond those probed by conventional cylindrical probes. The dynamic response of the probe is investigated using conventional sweep voltages and shows the onset of displacement current and inertial effects associated with ions and electrons. In addition the effect of insulating films on the probe surface is examined, showing how the probe continues to operate even when it is coated. Characteristic changes caused by the presence of an insulating film give information about its electrical properties and its thickness.
30‐1: Invited Paper : A New Spot‐Beam‐Based Laser‐Crystallization Method for Manufacturing Advanced AMOLED Displays (2017)

We introduce a new “platform‐level” laser‐crystallization approach, referred to as spot‐beam crystallization (SBC). The method possesses certain intrinsic technical characteristics and capabilities that are particularly well suited for the manufacture of high‐resolution AMOLED displays. Specifically, the SBC approach possesses the potential to eventually provide microstructurally uniform polycrystalline Si films via ELA‐like partial‐melting‐based crystallization or SLS at low operating costs.
Order and Disorder in High χ/Low N, Broad Dispersity ABA Triblock Polymers (2017)

Using a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we document the composition-dependent morphologies of 39 new poly(lactide-block-1,4-butadiene-block-lactide) (LBL) block polymers, comprising a broad dispersity B segment (Mn = 4.5–17.7 kg/mol; Đ = Mw/Mn = 1.72–1.88) and narrow dispersity L end blocks (Mn = 0.6–15.3 kg/mol; Đ = 1.10–1.21) with volume fractions 0.26 ≤ fB ≤ 0.95. A subset of these samples undergo melt self-assembly into cylindrical, lamellar, and apparently bicontinuous morphologies. By assessing the states of order and disorder in these triblock polymer melts using temperature-dependent SAXS, we find that broad B segment dispersity increases the minimum segregation strength χN ≳ 27 required for LBL triblock self-assembly relative to the self-consistent mean-field theory prediction χN ≥ 17.9 for narrow dispersity analogues. While B segment dispersity has previously been shown to thermodynamically stabilize the self-assembled morphologies of low χ/high N ABA triblocks, the present study indicates that broad B block dispersity in related high χ/low N systems destabilizes the microphase-separated melt. These observations are rationalized in terms of recent theories that suggest that broad segmental dispersity substantially enhances fluctuation effects at low N, thus disfavoring melt segregation.
A new generation of oral contraceptive progestins: Guest Introduction (1996)

When they were first introduced in the 1960s, oral contraceptives produced striking lifestyle changes for women of reproductive age. This convenient, non-coital contraceptive medium immediately became the most popular form of birth control in the industrialized world. In the several decades which have followed, pharmaceutical science has attempted to improve on those first, somewhat crude, orally active contraceptive steroids. In particular, contraceptive progestins have undergone a variety of generational changes which have led to more potent, less estrogenic and more specific contraceptive effects.
Differences in platelet aggregometers to study platelet function and coagulation dysregulation in xenotransplantation (2020)

Xenotransplantation (ie, cross-species transplantation) using genetically engineered pig organs could be a limitless source to solve the shortage of organs and tissues worldwide. However, despite prolonged survival in preclinical pig-to-nonhuman primate xenotransplantation trials, interspecies coagulation dysregulation remains to be overcome in order to achieve continuous long-term success. Different platelet aggregometry methods have been previously used to study the coagulation dysregulation with wild-type and genetically engineered pig cells, including the impact of possible treatment options. Among these methods, while thromboelastography and rotational thromboelastometry measure the change in viscoelasticity, optical aggregometry measures the change in opacity. Recently, impedance aggregometry has been used to measure changes in platelet aggregation in electrical conductance, providing more information to our understanding of coagulation dysregulation in xenotransplantation compared to previous methods. The present study reviews the merits and differences of the above-mentioned platelet aggregometers in xenotransplantation research.
Experimental evidence of librational vibrations determining the stability of calcium borohydride (2011)

The high energy of hydrogen vibrations in solids is the origin of their strong impact on thermodynamic properties. The peculiar structure of complex hydrides amplifies this impact. We shed light on the vibrational properties of three allotropes of Ca(${\mathrm{BH}}_{4}$)${}_{2}$ using density-functional theory calculations, infrared spectroscopy, and inelastic neutron scattering. We show that the vibrational properties of Ca(${\mathrm{BH}}_{4}$)${}_{2}$ depend on the specific phase and are hitherto the origin of their differences in stability.
Brain Motor Region Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Patients with Catatonic Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study. (2021)

Catatonic schizophrenia is associated with dysregulation of the connectivity in specific motoric brain regions and corresponding circuits. Future DTI studies are needed to address the neural correlates of motor abnormalities in schizophrenia-related catatonia during the acute and remitted state of the illness to identify the specific pathophysiology of this disorder.
Functionalization and Surface Modification of Mesoporous Hydrophobic Membranes by Oligomers and Target Additives via Environmental Crazing (2023)

This work offers an ecologically friendly and facile approach for the modification of high-tonnage commercial polymers, including polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and preparation of nanocomposite polymeric membranes via incorporation of modifying oligomer hydrophilic additives, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and salicylic acid (SA). Structural modification is accomplished via the deformation of polymers in PEG, PPG, and water-ethanol solutions of PVA and SA when mesoporous membranes are loaded with oligomers and target additives. The content of target additives in nanocomposite membranes is controlled by tensile strain, and the level of loading can achieve 35-62 wt.% for PEG and PPG; the content of PVA and SA is controlled by their concentration in the feed solution. This approach allows for the simultaneous incorporation of several additives which are shown to preserve their functional performance in the polymeric membranes and their functionalization. The porosity, morphology, and mechanical characteristics of the prepared membranes were studied. The proposed approach allows an efficient and facile strategy for the surface modification of hydrophobic mesoporous membranes: depending on the nature and content of target additives, their water contact angle can be reduced to 30-65°. Water vapor permeability, gas selectivity, antibacterial, and functional properties of the nanocomposite polymeric membranes were described.