gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ethane (2007)

This paper presents Ethane, a new network architecture for the enterprise. Ethane allows managers to define a single network-wide fine-grain policy, and then enforces it directly. Ethane couples extremely simple flow-based Ethernet switches with a centralized controller that manages the admittance and routing of flows. While radical, this design is backwards-compatible with existing hosts and switches. We have implemented Ethane in both hardware and software, supporting both wired and wireless hosts. Our operational Ethane network has supported over 300 hosts for the past four months in a large university network, and this deployment experience has significantly affected Ethane's design.
Sepantronium is a DNA damaging agent that synergizes with PLK1 inhibitor volasertib. (2014)

In a search for novel agents that boost the anti-neoplastic effects of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor volasertib, we found that a sepantronium and volasertib combination at the nano mole concentration potently inhibited growth of various non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines than either drug alone in vitro. Combination use of volasertib with sepantronium inhibited adaptation of cells to polo arrest. Addition of sepantronium to volasertib prevented accumulation of survivin and cyclin B protein at a concentration causing no appreciable survivin down regulation. Sepantronium induced cell cycle arrest from G1 or G2/M phase. Further studies demonstrated DNA damage of cancer cells when they are treated with sepantronium, which is evidenced by induction of phospho-γH2AX. In line with induction of a DNA damage response in cancer cells, known DNA damage response sensors and transducers ATM, ATR, CHK1, CHK2, p53 are phosphorylated following drug treatment. Meanwhile, expression of CDKN1A, BAX and XRCC5 are induced at the mRNA level as determined by quantitative real time PCR. A single cell electrophoresis assay (Comet assay) of cells treated with sepantronium revealed severe DNA strand breaks. M-phase arrest does not increase the lethality of DNA damage by sepantronium as compared to G1 phase arrest. Knock down of survivin did not cause DNA damage. Hence, sepantronium is a DNA damaging agent that synergizes with volasertib and down-regulation of survivin is likely the consequence of DNA damage induced by sepantronium.
Differential effects of central and peripheral cues on the reorienting of spatial attention (1991)

Abstract Observen can be induced to direct attention to a peripheral location by the use of central and peripheral cues. On the basis of a previous experiment in which central cues were used to orient attention, we proposed a premotor hypothesis of attention (Rizzolatti et al., 1987). which postulates a strict Link between covert orienting of attention and the programming of ocular movements. In the present paper, we tried to extend the soope of the premotor hypothesis by using both central and peripheral cues. The stimulus display consisted of a small fixation cross and four boxes for stimulus presentation. The boxes were arranged horizontally above the lixation point. The subjects were asked to attend to one box or all boxes and to respond manually as fast as possible to the occurrence of a visual stimulus, regardless of its location. When only one box was cued, the imperative stimulus appeared in it 70% of the time, whereas it appeared in one of the non-cued boxes in the remaining cases (10% for each box). The results showed that with both central cues (digits) and peripheral cues (flashes oi arrows), there was a benefit when the cue oriented attention correctly and there was a cost when the cue oriented attention incorrectly. With central cues, another two effects were observed: (1) when the distance between the cued and stimulated location was kept constant, reaction time (RT) was slower if these locations lay on opposite kmifields (meridian effect); (2) RT within the same (uncued) hemifield increased with the distance between the cued and the stimulated location (distance effect). With peripheral cues, the meridian effect was absent, the distance effect was rather elusive and the costs were generally smaller than with central cues. It is proposed that inhibitory phenomena triggered by the peripheral cue (early inhibition, inhibition of return) account for the different results observed with peripheral and central cues. In general, these new data are congruent with the premotor hypothesis of spatial attention.
Physically consistent registration of extraocular muscle models from MRI (2008)

Building realistic subject-specific models of the orbit from medical images is important in biomechanical simulations to improve our understanding of extraocular muscle function and the mechanism of human eye movement. With advances in MRI techniques, configurations of orbital structures in different gazes can be captured. We propose to integrate estimated material properties of extraocular muscles in the surface reconstruction to achieve consistent parameterization across gazes. A constrained optimization problem is solved, which generates parametric surfaces satisfying material property constraints. The resultant anatomically accurate and physically meaningful models are discretized in the corresponding deformed material coordinates and consistent with the real tissue deformation. Material correspondences are provided directly. This will ease biomechanical simulation and inverse model parameter estimation.
Tracking Anonymized Bluetooth Devices (2019)

Abstract Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices use public (non-encrypted) advertising channels to announce their presence to other devices. To prevent tracking on these public channels, devices may use a periodically changing, randomized address instead of their permanent Media Access Control (MAC) address. In this work we show that many state-of-the-art devices which are implementing such anonymization measures are vulnerable to passive tracking that extends well beyond their address randomization cycles. We show that it is possible to extract identifying tokens from the pay-load of advertising messages for tracking purposes. We present an address-carryover algorithm which exploits the asynchronous nature of payload and address changes to achieve tracking beyond the address randomization of a device. We furthermore identify an identity-exposing attack via a device accessory that allows permanent, non-continuous tracking, as well as an iOS side-channel which allows insights into user activity. Finally, we provide countermeasures against the presented algorithm and other privacy flaws in BLE advertising.
A Survey of Data Marketplaces and Their Business Models (2022)

Data is becoming an indispensable production factor for the modern economy, matching or exceeding in importance traditional factors such as land, infrastructure, labor and capital. As part of this, a wide range of applications in different sectors require huge amounts of information to feed machine learning models and algorithms responsible for critical roles in production chains and business processes. A variety of data trading entities including, but not limited to data marketplaces, have thus appeared in order to satisfy and match the offer with the demand for data. In this paper, we present the results and conclusions from a comprehensive survey covering 190 commercial data trading entities, the types of data that their trade, as well as their business models and the technologies that they rely upon. We also point to promising open research questions in the areas of data marketplace federation, pricing, and data ownership protection that could benefit the growing ecosystem of data trading entities that we have surveyed.
Structural Organization and Expression Pattern of the CanineRPGRIP1Isoforms in Retinal Tissue (2011)

The use of alternative transcription start and termination sites results in substantial heterogeneity of cRPGRIP1 transcripts, many of which are likely to have tissue-specific expression. The identified exon-intron structure of cRPGRIP1 isoforms provides a basis for evaluating the gene defects underlying inherited retinal disorders in dogs.
Early complications following modified radical mastectomy in patients with breast. (2023)

Objective: To investigate the early complications, associated comorbidities and risk factors associated with modified radical mastectomy in patients suffering from breast cancer. Study Design: Prospective Cohort study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Khyber Medical University, Institute of Medical Sciences, District Headquarter Hospital, Kohat. Period: January 2021 to December 2022. Material &amp; Methods: A total of 65 patients diagnosed with breast cancer who were planned to undergone through radical mastectomy during the study period were analyzed. Demographical and clinical characteristics of all patients were noted. Early complications, associated comorbidities and related risk factors were recorded. Results: In a total of 65 patients, the mean age was 47±13 years (ranging 50-65 years). At the time of enrollment, 25 (38.5%) patients had painful lump in their breasts while remaining 40 (47.7%) patients reported that they were had swelling in their axillary region. There were 30 (46.2%) patients who had had stage-III breast cancer whereas other 34 (52.3%) were suffering from stage-II breast cancer. Formation of seroma was most commonly associated complication reported in 30 (46.2%) patients whereas 10 (15.4%) patients reported infections of wound. Twenty (30.8%) patients reported that they were having pain on the site of surgery along with paresthesia on the medial side of arm. Five (7.7%) patients had associated diabetes while 8 (12.3%) patients were overweight with their body mass index (BMI) value between 25-29.9 kg/m2. Nine 9 (13.8%) patients were hypertensive. Conclusion: Most common early complications associated with modified radical mastectomy included infection of the surgical site, paresthesia and pain.
Method of the Finite-Element Model Formation Containing the 3D Elements for Structural Calculations of the Reinforced Concrete Structures Considering the Crack Opening (2020)

This article presents the 3D computational modeling method for reinforced concrete structures. An example of calculation of the reinforced concrete beam, using the Finite Element Method in SCAD++ following proposed algorithm, is given. Results comparison to the analytical calculation of the model with selected reinforcement is presented. For concrete, the 3D solid Finite Elements are used and the 3D beam elements for reinforcement. The model is formed using AutoCAD and AutoLISP, which creates a text data file in SCAD format for the description of model. In addition, computation of the 3D model of the crossbar with a crack is performed. Crack sizes are set in the stretched zone based on data from initial calculation. Graphic results obtained in SCAD++ are presented.
Topology Optimization for Thermal Problems Based on Assumed Continuous Approximation of Material Distributions (2007)

In structural designs considering thermal loading, maximization of temperature diffusivity in structures is one of the most important essential factors in reducing operating temperature and maintaining product durability, in addition to the usual maximization of stiffness that optimal designs achieve. In this paper, a topology optimization method is constructed for thermal problems considering generic heat transfer boundaries, including heat convection boundaries, based on the homogenization method. First, the topology optimization method for thermal problems is discussed using a homogenization method that assumes a continuous material distribution. Next, a new objective function that can take into account heat transfer boundaries, such as temperature-constant and heat convection boundaries, is proposed, based on the concept of a total potential energy maximization problem in the structural problem, and an optimization problem is formulated using the proposed objective function. An optimization algorithm is constructed using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and Sequential Linear Programming (SLP). Finally, several numerical examples are presented in order to confirm the usefulness of the proposed method.
A Simple Technique for Demonstrating Transmission of Dengue Virus by Mosquitoes without the Use of Vertebrate Hosts (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>
Network Traffic Analysis Using Principal Component Graphs (2013)

Graph-based techniques for monitoring network trac and trac classication have gained widespread attention due to their power of visualization and ability to detect anomalous behavior. In this work, we construct generic trac activity graphs (TAGs) to represent packet-level traces and propose a method based on principal component analysis (PCA) of TAGs for trac classication. The technique proposed in this work overcomes the issues with TAG construction related to ambiguity in edge denition, interval of trace collected for graph construction, and the time and location of trace collection. We construct a set of TAGs corresponding to traces from dierent time intervals and locations, and analyze the collection of TAGs by using PCA on the set of TAGs to identify the applications associated with trac ows. Results on trac classication show that the accuracy is very high and the technique is portable across dierent traces and therefore is useful to develop better graph-based trac analysis tools.
A Novel Bioactive Peptide, T14, Selectively Activates mTORC1 Signalling: Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegeneration and Other Rapamycin-Sensitive Applications (2023)

T14 modulates calcium influx via the α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor to regulate cell growth. Inappropriate triggering of this process has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer, whereas T14 blockade has proven therapeutic potential in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models of these pathologies. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is critical for growth, however its hyperactivation is implicated in AD and cancer. T14 is a product of the longer 30mer-T30. Recent work shows that T30 drives neurite growth in the human SH-SY5Y cell line via the mTOR pathway. Here, we demonstrate that T30 induces an increase in mTORC1 in PC12 cells, and ex vivo rat brain slices containing substantia nigra, but not mTORC2. The increase in mTORC1 by T30 in PC12 cells is attenuated by its blocker, NBP14. Moreover, in post-mortem human midbrain, T14 levels correlate significantly with mTORC1. Silencing mTORC1 reverses the effects of T30 on PC12 cells measured via AChE release in undifferentiated PC12 cells, whilst silencing mTORC2 does not. This suggests that T14 acts selectively via mTORC1. T14 blockade offers a preferable alternative to currently available blockers of mTOR as it would enable selective blockade of mTORC1, thereby reducing side effects associated with generalised mTOR blockade.
Ternary Palladium–Boron–Phosphorus Alloy Mesoporous Nanospheres for Highly Efficient Electrocatalysis (2019)

Alloying palladium (Pd) catalysts with various metalloid and nonmetal elements can improve their catalytic performance in different chemical reactions. However, current nanosynthesis methods can only generate Pd alloys containing one metalloid or nonmetal, which limits the types of element combinations that may be used to improve Pd-based nanocatalysts. Herein, we report a simple soft-templating synthetic strategy to co-alloy Pd with the metalloid boron (B) and the nonmetal phosphorus (P) to generate ternary PdBP mesoporous nanospheres (MSs) with three-dimensional dendritic frameworks. We use a one-step aqueous synthesis method where dimethylamine borane and sodium hypophosphite serve as the B and P sources, respectively, as well as the co-reducing agents to drive the nucleation and growth of ternary PdBP alloy on a sacrificial dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride template. The concentration of metalloid to nonmetal and the diameters of dendritic MSs can be tailored. The synthetic protocol is also extended to other multicomponent PdMBP alloy MSs to generate different types of dendritic mesoporous frameworks. Boron and phosphorus are known to accelerate the kinetics of the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and alcohol oxidation reactions (AORs), because their alloys promote the decomposition of oxygen-containing intermediates on Pd surfaces. The dendritic mesoporous morphology of the ternary PdBP MSs also accelerates electron/mass transfer and exposes numerous active sites, enabling better performance in the ORR and AORs. Extending the surfactant-templating synthetic route to multiple types of elements will enable the generation of libraries of multicomponent metal-metalloid-nonmetal alloy nanostructures with functions that are suitable for various targeted applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Isomeric NNCCN and NCNCN Ions and Neutrals. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The RetroC challenge (2017)

This article describes research in automatic content-based temporal classification of texts. Experiments are carried out on a set of texts coming from Polish digital libraries, dating between the years 1814 and 2013. Following successful research in the field of temporal classification, this work aims at creating an automatic dating mechanism to be used in situations, where the publication date of the text is unknown. Automatic publication date assessment from the computer system can provide useful for researchers from various fields of humanities, such as history (incl. history of language), culture-historical archaeology, sociology or anthropology.
Bacterial toxins: Offensive, defensive, or something else altogether? (2017)

The secretion of proteins that damage host tissue is well established as integral to the infectious processes of many bacterial pathogens. However, recent advances in our understanding of the activity of toxins suggest that the attributes we have assigned to them from early in vitro experimentation have misled us into thinking of them as merely destructive tools. Here, we will discuss the multifarious ways in which toxins contribute to the lifestyle of bacteria and, by considering their activity from an evolutionary perspective, demonstrate how this extends far beyond their ability to destroy host tissue.
Point-to-point communication: detection, diversity and channel uncertainity (2005)

In this chapter we look at various basic issues that arise in communication over fading channels. We start by analyzing uncoded transmission in a narrowband fading channel. We study both coherent and non-coherent detection. In both cases the error probability is much higher than in a non-faded AWGN channel. The reason is that there is a significant probability that the channel is in a deep fade. This motivates us to investigate various diversity techniques that improve the performance. The diversity techniques operate over time, frequency or space, but the basic idea is the same. By sending signals that carry the same information through different paths, multiple independently faded replicas of data symbols are obtained at the receiver end and more reliable detection can be achieved. The simplest diversity schemes use repetition coding. More sophisticated schemes exploit channel diversity and, at the same time, efficiently use the degrees of freedom in the channel. Compared to repetition coding, they provide coding gains in addition to diversity gains. In space diversity, we look at both transmit and receive diversity schemes. In frequency diversity, we look at three approaches:
Author response: Active invasion of bacteria into living fungal cells (2014)

Many organisms live in what are known as symbiotic relationships, whereby two or more different species share a close and often long lasting association. Examples of symbiosis abound in nature, with well-studied examples including the sea anemone and the clownfish, corals and their photosynthetic algae, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in association with legumes. In some cases, each member of the relationship benefits from the symbiosis. One such example is the rice seedling blight fungus Rhizopus microsporus and its bacterial symbiont Burkholderia rhizoxinica, which work together to produce toxins that kill rice plants. This frees up nutrients that nourish both the fungus and the bacteria. B. rhizoxinica lives inside the tissues of the fungus, but to do so the bacterial cells must first travel through the tough cell walls of the fungus. How these bacteria do this without also damaging the fungus was unknown. Moebius et al. discovered that B. rhizoxinica gains access into R. microsporus cells by using a series of proteins in the bacterium’s membrane called the type 2 secretion system, which transport proteins from the inside of the cell to the outside. On analyzing the proteins released by this system, Moebius et al. identified several enzymes that help the bacteria attach to the fungal cell wall and soften it so that the bacteria can penetrate into the cell. Only small amounts of enzyme are needed for the softening process, meaning that penetrating the cell wall is a relatively gentle process that causes no lasting damage to the fungus. Moebius et al. also captured images of the bacteria invading the fungal cells using a technique called cryo-electron microscopy, and provide the first known images of this type of infection in progress.