gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pilot assignment for PTS-OFDM with channel estimation for PAPR reduction (2016)

The partial transmit sequence (PTS) technique is an effective method for the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. Recently, applying channel estimation to PTS-OFDM with different pilot assignment schemes were proposed for removing the requirement of transmitting the side information (SI) to the receiving ends. This paper proposes a novel fixed end pilot assignment (FEPA) scheme which always assigns pilots at both ends of each subblock in PTS-OFDM, and thus avoids the requirement of linear extrapolation in channel estimation. PTS-OFDM with the proposed method for channel estimation may achieve the same bit error rate performance (BER) as that of PTS-OFDM with perfect SI. Simulation results show that the novel pilot assignment scheme keeps the same performance as the traditional PTS but provides better performance in the PAPR reduction and BER compared to other pilot assignment schemes.
Thermodynamic Activity Measurements with Knudsen Cell Mass Spectrometry (2001)

Coupling the Knudsen effusion method with mass spectrometry has proven to be one of the most useful experimental techniques for studying the equilibrium between condensed phases and complex vapors. The Knudsen effusion method involves placing a condensed sample in a Knudsen cell, a small enclosure, that is uniformly heated and held until equilibrium is attained between the condensed and vapor phases.
Detection superiority of 7 T MRI protocol in patients with epilepsy and suspected focal cortical dysplasia (2016)

In 11 adult patients with suspicion of Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) on 1.5 T (n = 1) or 3 T (n = 10) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 7 T MRI was performed. Visibility, extent, morphological features and delineation were independently rated and subsequently discussed by three observers. Additionally, head-to-head comparisons with corresponding 3 T images were made in the eight patients with a previous 3 T MRI and sustained suspicion of FCD. Comparison with histopathology was done in the five patients that underwent surgery. All lesions, seen at 1.5 and 3 T, were also recognized on 7 T. At 7 T FLAIR highlighted the FCD-like lesions best, whereas T2 and T2* were deemed better suited to review structure and extent of the lesion. Image quality with the used 7 T MRI setup was higher than the quality with the used 3 T MRI setup. In 2 out of 11 patients diagnosis changed, in one after re-evaluation of the images, and in the other based on histopathology. With the used 7 T MRI setup, FCD-like lesions can be detected with more confidence and detail as compared to lower field strength. However, concordance between radiologic diagnosis and final diagnosis seems to be lower than expected.
Anaerobic digestion in swine wastes (1974)

Raman spectroscopy was implemented successfully as a non-invasive and rapid process analytical technology (PAT) tool for in-line quantitative monitoring of functional coating. Coating experiments were performed at which diprophylline tablets were coated with a sustained release formulation based on Kollicoat SR 30 D. Using PLS a multivariate model was constructed by correlating Raman spectral data with the mean dissolution time as determined by dissolution testing and the coating thickness as measured by terahertz pulsed imaging. By performing in-line measurements it was possible to monitor the progress of the coating process and to detect the end point of the process, where the acquired coating amount was achieved for the desired MDT or coating thickness.
Effects of Duloxetine in Treatment-Refractory Men with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2009)

The results of this naturalistic study suggest that duloxetine is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with PTSD and co-morbid MDD. These initial results need to be extended to the study of women with PTSD.
Candidate genes for the hypoxic tumor phenotype. (2000)

In this study, we have analyzed changes induced by hypoxia at the transcriptional level of genes that could be responsible for a more aggressive phenotype. Using a series of DNA array membranes, we identified a group of hypoxia-induced genes that included plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), endothelin-2, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), BCL2-interacting killer (BIK), migration-inhibitory factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), fibroblast growth factor-3 (FGF-3), GADD45, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The induction of each gene was confirmed by Northern blot analysis in two different squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines. We also analyzed the kinetics of PAI-1 induction by hypoxia in more detail because it is a secreted protein that may serve as a useful molecular marker of hypoxia. On exposure to hypoxia, there was a gradual increase in PAI-1 mRNA between 2 and 24 h of hypoxia followed by a rapid decay after 2 h of reoxygenation. PAI-1 levels were also measured in the serum of a small group of head and neck cancer patients and were found to correlate with the degree of tumor hypoxia found in these patients.
Paraplegia after Resection of Aneurysms of the Abdominal Aorta (1969)

IN an exhaustive review of the neurologic complications of aortic surgery published in 1956, Adams and van Geertruyden1 were unable to find a single case of spinal-cord damage after intraoperative ...
Pulmonary Pathologic Findings of Fatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1 Viral Infections (2010)

The pulmonary pathologic findings in fatal disease caused by the novel pandemic influenza virus are similar to findings identified in past pandemics. Superimposed bacterial infections of the respiratory tract were common. Preexisting obesity, cardiorespiratory diseases, and other comorbidities also were prominent findings among the decedents.
Vision and hearing impairments and their associations with falling and loss of instrumental activities in daily living in acute hospitalized older persons in five Nordic hospitals (2008)

Hearing and vision impairments were frequent among older patients in the medical wards. Falling was associated with hearing loss and IADL loss with hearing, vision and combined impairments. Sensory loss was also associated with fear of falling. It is recommended routinely to screen sensory functions in older patients in a medical setting. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether improvements in hearing and vision can prevent falls and further loss of function in this patient population.
The Diazotization of Very Weakly Basic Amines (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Diazotization of Very Weakly Basic AminesH. A. J. SchoutissenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 11, 4531–4534Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01338a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01338a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views622Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Orthogonal packing of .beta.-pleated sheets in proteins (1982)

Two classes of beta-sheet to beta-sheet packing can be distinguished in globular proteins. Both classes have beta sheets with the usual right-handed twist packed face to face. In orthogonal beta-sheet packings, the strand directions of the different beta sheets are 90 degrees to each other. Twisted beta sheets in this orientation have anticomplementary surfaces: one pair of diagonally opposite corners in the beta sheets is very close, and the other pairs of corners splay apart. At the close corners, the beta sheets are usually covalently connected: a strand that is part of one beta sheet turns through a right-handed bend to become part of the second beta sheet. The bend may occur at a beta bulge, or over a stretch of residues with a characteristic conformation, forming what we call a beta bend. Contacts between the beta sheets occur along the diagonal joining the close corners. They improve about one-fourth of the beta-sheet residues, and two-thirds of them are Val, Ile, or Leu. Elsewhere, the space between the beta sheets is filled by side chains from other parts of the protein, often alpha helices placed at the splayed corners. Examples of orthogonal beta-sheet packing are found in alcohol dehydrogenase, the acid proteases, the trypsin family, papain, staphylococcal nuclease, and thermolysin. In aligned beta-sheet packings, the angle between the strand directions of the packed beta sheets is approximately -30 degrees. In this orientation, the twisted beta-sheet surfaces are complementary. The principles governing this class of beta-sheet packings have been described previously. Here we discuss the difference and similarities of the aligned and orthogonal packing classes.
Automatic layer detection in gastrointestinal ultrasound images (2003)

An approach to the automatic boundary detection on gastrointestinal-wall ultrasound images (GWUI) is investigated. Boundaries are found by using the following major processing steps: asymmetrical two-dimensional median filtering; asymmetrical two-dimensional neighborhood averaging; global thresholding; binary image transformation; and local edge detection. Preliminary results from outlining layers within eight different GWUIs are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Citrate-Coated Magnetic Polyethyleneimine Composites for Plasmid DNA Delivery into Glioblastoma (2021)

Several ternary composites that are based on branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI 25 kDa, polydispersity 2.5, 0.1 or 0.2 ng), citrate-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (citrate-NPs, 8-10 nm, 0.1, 1.0, or 2.5 µg), and reporter circular plasmid DNA pEGFP-C1 or pRL-CMV (pDNA 0.5 µg) were studied for optimization of the best composite for transfection into glioblastoma U87MG or U138MG cells. The efficiency in terms of citrate-NP and plasmid DNA gene delivery with the ternary composites could be altered by tuning the bPEI/citrate-NP ratios in the polymer composites, which were characterized by Prussian blue staining, in vitro magnetic resonance imaging as well as green fluorescence protein and luciferase expression. Among the composites prepared, 0.2 ng bPEI/0.5 μg pDNA/1.0 µg citrate-NP ternary composite possessed the best cellular uptake efficiency. Composite comprising 0.1 ng bPEI/0.5 μg pDNA/0.1 μg citrate-NP gave the optimal efficiency for the cellular uptake of the two plasmid DNAs to the nucleus. The best working bPEI concentration range should not exceed 0.2 ng/well to achieve a relatively low cytotoxicity.
Physical variation of water vapor, and the relation with carbon dioxide (1991)

Analysis of the long term NOAA carbon dioxide flask sample records to examine the exchange among the continental Antarctic air mass and other air masses shows a meteorological variation of carbon dioxide concentration. There is an inverse relation between the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide concentration and water vapor at all stations examined. Well established diffusion coefficients indicate an interaction of water and carbon dioxide vapor on the molecular scale. Laboratory experiments using a Fourier transform spectrometer show carbon dioxide to be removed from an airstream in proportion to water vapor precipitated. We propose that interaction of carbon dioxide and water vapor in the atmosphere provides temporary sinks that can influence the balance of the carbon dioxide budget.
Lymphohematopoietic Engraftment in Minimally Myeloablated Hosts (1998)

The concept that myeloablation to open space was a prerequisite for marrow stem cell engraftment has been challenged by studies showing high rates of engraftment in nonmyeloablated mice (Stewart et al, Blood 81:2566, 1993; Quesenberry et al, Blood Cells 20:97, 1994; Brecher et al, Blood Cells 5:237, 1979; Saxe et al, Exp Hematol 12:277, 1984; and Wu et al, Exp Hematol 21:251, 1993). However, relatively large numbers of marrow cells were necessary to achieve high long-term donor percentages. We have demonstrated, using a BALB/c male/female marrow transplant model and detecting male DNA in host tissues by Southern blot or fluorescent in situ hybridization, that exposure to doses of irradiation that cause minimal myeloablation (50 to 100 cGy) leads to very high levels of donor chimerism, such that relatively small numbers of marrow cells (10 to 40 million) can give donor chimerism in the 40% to 100% range. Studies of radiation sensitivity of long-term engrafting cells have shown that 100 cGy, although not myelotoxic, is stem cell toxic, and indicate that the final host:donor ratios are determined by competition between host and donor stem cells. These data indicate that low levels of irradiation should be an effective approach to nontoxic marrow transplantation in gene therapy or in attempts to create allochimerism to treat such diseases as cancer, sickle cell anemia, or thalassemia.
Programmable implementations of xDSL transceiver systems (2000)

After a background on digital subscriber line (DSL) technology, this article evaluates the trade-offs between programmable and custom implementations of communications products with an emphasis on xDSL modems. These trade-offs include time to market, risk, flexibility, power consumption, and cost. A key issue is the processing power required to implement the modem. The article takes a detailed look at the processing power required to implement an ADSL or VDSL modem on a programmable platform. It is demonstrated that today's digital signal processors meet the processing power requirements for an ADSL modem, and it is estimated that the processing requirements of a VDSL modem will be met in the near future.
Hysteresis-free piezoelectric actuators using LiNbO3plates with a ferroelectric inversion layer (1989)

Abstract Heat treatment of a bare single-domain lithium niobate plate at somewhat lower temperatures than the Curie temperature causes a local polarization reversal, thereby yielding a ferroelectric inversion layer. The plate with such an inversion layer can serve as a piezoelectric actuator similar to the bimorph, because the piezoelectric constants in the inversion layer are opposite in sign to the original ones. This paper reports the characteristics of the bending actuators using 140° rotated Y-cut LiNbO3. Experimental results show that the actuator characteristics have excellent linearity, no hysteresis, and little creep, and therefore they are suitable for precise position control.
Elevated ERK1/ERK2/estrogen receptor cross-talk enhances estrogen-mediated signaling during long-term estrogen deprivation (2005)

The knowledge that steroids play a pivotal role in the development of breast cancer has been exploited clinically by the development of endocrine treatments. These have sought to perturb the steroid hormone environment of the tumour cells, predominately by withdrawal or antagonism of oestrogen. Unfortunately, the beneficial actions of existing endocrine treatments are attenuated by the ability of tumours to circumvent the need for steroid hormones, whilst in most cases, retaining the nuclear steroid receptors. The mechanisms involved in resistance to estrogen deprivation are of major clinical relevance for optimal treatment of breast cancer patients and the development of new therapeutic regimes. We have shown that long-term culture of MCF7 cells in medium depleted of oestrogen (LTED) results in hypersensitivity to oestradiol (E2) coinciding with elevated levels of both ERalpha phosphorylated on Ser(118) and ERK1/ERK2. Our data suggest elevated ERK1/ERK2 activity results wholly or in part from enhanced ERBB2 expression in the LTED cells. These cells showed greater sensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839 in both ERalpha-mediated transcription and growth assays compared with the wt-MCF7. Similarly the MEK inhibitor U0126 decreased basal ERalpha-mediated transcription and proliferation in the LTED cells by 50% and reduced their sensitivity to the proliferative effects of E2 10-fold, whilst having no effect on the wild type (wt). However, complete suppression of ERK1/ERK2 activity in the LTED cells did not inhibit ERalpha Ser(118) phosphorylation suggesting that the cells remained ligand-dependent. This was further confirmed by the increased sensitivity of the LTED cells to the growth suppressive effects of ICI 182,780 and suggested that the LTED cells remained wholly or partially dependent on oestrogen receptor (ER)/oestrogen responsive elements directed growth. These findings suggest that treatments targeted at growth factor signalling pathways may be useful in patients acquiring resistance to oestrogen deprivation with aromatase inhibitors and that the pure anti-oestrogen ICI 182,780 may also be effective by blocking or destabilizing ER and hence disrupting cross-talk.
Evaluation of an immunological fecal occult blood test by diagnosis of colon diseases (1994)

わが国では社会の高齢化と食生活の欧米化により大腸癌が増加している. これにともない, 職域健診や地域健診の大腸癌のスクーニングにおいて, 化学的便潜血検査にかわって免疫学的便潜血検査が行われ成果をあげている. しかし, 一般診療では診断技術の進歩もあって, 最近では消化管疾患における便潜血検査は軽視される傾向にあり, また社会保険の適用もおくれ検査頻度は少ない. われわれは, 免疫学的便潜血検査陽性を呈した検診群と診療群, また便潜血検査を行わなかった無検査群と大腸X線検査を対比し, 免疫学的便潜血検査の有効性を検討した. 有所見率は検査群64.3%・無検査群47.7%であり, 検査群のうち検診群68.9%・診療群75.0%であった. また大腸癌発見率は, 検査群3.5%・無検査群0.9%で診療群6.1%であった. 免疫学的便潜血検査による下部消化管補助診断は, 職域検診や地域検診におけるスクーニングばかりでなく, 一般診療においても有用である.
Recovery in spider silk fibers (2004)

Abstract The extreme toughness of spider silk is dependent on the silk's ability to dissipate most of the mechanical energy imparted to the fiber during loading processes through irreversible deformations. This basic property makes the tensile behavior of spider silk fibers depend on the silk's previous deformation history in a largely unpredictable way. The resulting variability often represents an insurmountable difficulty for both the characterization of the material and its practical usage. In this study, it was shown that spider silk is endowed with a property that allows to circumvent these problems: supercontraction, the large shrinkage of the longitudinal dimension of spider silk fibers in wet environments, recovers the tensile properties of deformed spider silk fibers in a repetitive and reproducible way. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3537–3541, 2004
“Designer Acids”: Combined Acid Catalysis for Asymmetric Synthesis (2005)

Lewis and Brønsted acids can be utilized as more-effective tools for chemical reactions by sophisticated engineering ("designer acids"). The ultimate goal of such "designer acids" is to form a combination of acids with higher reactivity, selectivity, and versatility than the individual acid catalysts. One possible way to take advantage of such abilities may be to apply a "combined acids system" to the catalyst design. The concept of combined acids, which can be classified into Brønsted acid assisted Lewis acid (BLA), Lewis acid assisted Lewis acid (LLA), Lewis acid assisted Brønsted acid (LBA), and Brønsted acid assisted Brønsted acid (BBA), can be a particularly useful tool for the design of asymmetric catalysis, because combining such acids will bring out their inherent reactivity by associative interaction, and also provide more-organized structures that allow an effective asymmetric environment.
Investigation of Liposome-Based Immunomigration Sensors for the Detection of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (1995)

The use of immunospecific liposome migration offers many advantages for the extralaboratory detection of environmental contaminants. Devices utilizing this technique are fast, easy to use, and robust and respond to the presence of analyte at low-parts-per-billion concentrations. Investigations have been carried out that determine optimal interactions for key components of these assays, and techniques are presented for the development of generalized liposome immunoassays. Two complementary prototype liposome-based immunomigration techniques have been developed for the detection of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The liposome immunocompetition assay format measures the competitive reaction between analyte-tagged liposomes and the sample analyte for immobilized antibodies and can detect 0.4 nmol of PCB in less than 8 min. A more sensitive format, the liposome immunoaggregation (LIA) assay detects the inhibition of immunospecific liposome aggregation in solution and can detect 2.6 pmol of PCB in less than 23 min. Laser diffraction particle sizing has been used to study LIA-induced increases in liposome size over time and to determine optimal conditions for the application of this technique. Both formats utilize capillary action to transport liposome-containing solutions along strips of nitrocellulose. Measurement of color intensity is then carried out visually or with a desktop scanner.
Lasing from colloidal InP/ZnS quantum dots (2011)

High-quality InP/ZnS core-shell nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) were synthesized as a heavy-metal-free alternative to the gain media of cadmium-based colloidal nanoparticles. Upon UV excitation, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and optical gain were observed, for the first time, in close-packed InP/ZnS core-shell NQDs. The ASE wavelength can be selected by tailoring the nanocrystal size over a broad range of the spectrum. Moreover, the optical gain profile of InP/ZnS NQDs was matched to the second order feedback of holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal gratings, leading to the very first demonstration of an optically-pumped, nanocrystal laser based on InP/ZnS core-shell NQDs.
A Preliminary Investigation into the Impact of Connected Vehicle Human-Machine Interface on Driving Behavior (2019)

This paper developed a driving simulator testbed, which includes three simulation scenarios that can represent different real-world driving conditions, to investigate the impact of Connected Vehicle (CV) Human-Machine Interface (HMI) on driving behavior. A total number of 23 professional drivers were invited to participate in the driving simulator test; a comprehensive questionnaire was employed to collect the participant's feedback of CV HMI. It was found that 96 percent of the participants stated that CV HMI provided them with improved road condition information and increased their safety while driving; 65 percent of the participants stated the CV applications and the display unit did not introduce significant distraction from the main driving task.