gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Faster in-plane switching and reduced rotational viscosity characteristics in a graphene-nematic suspension (2016)

The in-plane switching (IPS) for a nematic liquid crystal (LC) was found to be considerably faster when the LC was doped with dilute concentrations of monolayer graphene flakes. Additional studies revealed that the presence of graphene reduced the rotational viscosity of the LC, permitting the nematic director to respond quicker in IPS mode on turning the electric field on. The studies were carried out with several graphene concentrations in the LC, and the experimental results coherently suggest that there exists an optimal concentration of graphene, allowing a reduction in the IPS response time and rotational viscosity in the LC. Above this optimal graphene concentration, the rotational viscosity was found to increase, and consequently, the LC no longer switched faster in IPS mode. The presence of graphene suspension was also found to decrease the LC's pretilt angle significantly due to the π-π electron stacking between the LC molecules and graphene flakes. To understand the π-π stacking interaction, the anchoring mechanism of the LC on a CVD grown monolayer graphene film on copper substrate was studied by reflected crossed polarized microscopy. Optical microphotographs revealed that the LC alignment direction depended on monolayer graphene's hexagonal crystal structure and its orientation.
Abstract 390: Automating a Cardiac Arrest Registry: Challenges and Opportunities (2019)

Introduction: A registry for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests facilitates cardiac arrest research, and emergency medical services (EMS) and community health quality improvement programs. Maintaining a cardiac arrest registry is labor intensive and costly, both of which could be reduced through automation. Objective: To determine the feasibility of automating data population of a cardiac arrest registry and to identify the components needed for and barriers to automation. Methods: This is a prospective feasibility study at the Dallas Fort-Worth (DFW) Center for Resuscitation Research. Our cardiac arrest registry was part of the multi-center Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Epistry from 2006 to 2016. Since 2016, we modified and maintained it separately from the ROC and over 20,000 cases have been enrolled. We identified the following critical elements necessary for automated data population of the registry: Create a registry dataset; create Business Associate Agreements with EMS agencies and hospitals; identify EMS and hospital electronic health record programs; develop a search strategy; search for appropriate cases in city servers where EMS patient care reports (PCRs) are stored and download data; move EMS data through our institutional firewall to a secure server; perform the same steps for hospital medical records; match EMS cases with hospital medical records, and automatically populate the registry with EMS and hospital data on a regular basis. Results: At the DFW site, EMS agencies use five different PCR programs and hospitals use two different electronic health record programs. A combination of 13 search terms captured 90% to 100% of appropriate cardiac arrest cases across six EMS agencies. Two different strategies can be used for streaming data across our firewall: A proprietary program entitled “Move-It” or a university generated file transfer protocol. We used a probabilistic logical approach for matching EMS cases with hospital cases. Conclusions: Automating a cardiac arrest registry is feasible. A cardiac arrest registry has many elements that must be considered to accomplish automation. The authors found that the most time consuming element is establishing Business Associate Agreements with all parties that provide data.
Dihydropyridine‐Based Calcium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Angina Pectoris and Hypertension (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction History Synthesis Mode of Action Structure–Activity Relationship References
The SOFIA Experiment (2013)

SOFIA (Study On FIssion with Aladin) is an innovative experimental programme on nuclear fission carried out at GSI. In August 2012, we used relativistic secondary beams of neutron-deficient actinides and pre-actinides provided by the FRS and studied their fission, induced by electromagnetic interaction, in inverse kinematics. This experiment will provide for the first time complete isotopic yields (nuclear charge and mass) for both fragments over a broad range of fissioning nuclei from 238Np down to 183Hg. In this article, we discuss the experimental set-up and present promising preliminary results.
Late Quaternary ice sheet, lake and sea history of southwest Scandinavia – a synthesis (2009)

Based on a large number of new boreholes in northern Denmark, and on the existing data, a revised event‐stratigraphy is presented for southwestern Scandinavia. Five significant Late Saalian to Late Weichselian glacial events, each separated by periods of interglacial or interstadial marine or glaciolacustrine conditions, are identified in northern Denmark. The first glacial event is attributed to the Late Saalian c . 160–140 kyr BP, when the Warthe Ice Sheet advanced from easterly and southeasterly directions through the Baltic depression into Germany and Denmark. This Baltic ice extended as far as northern Denmark, where it probably merged with the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream (NCIS) and contributed to a large discharge of icebergs into the Norwegian Sea. Following the break up, marine conditions were established that persisted from the Late Saalian until the end of the Early Weichselian. The next glaciation occurred c . 65–60 kyr BP, when the Sundsøre ice advanced from the north into Denmark and the North Sea, where the Scandinavian and British Ice Sheets merged. During the subsequent deglaciation, large ice‐dammed lakes formed before the ice disintegrated in the Norwegian Channel, and marine conditions were re‐established. The following Ristinge advance from the Baltic, initiated c . 55 kyr BP, also reached northern Denmark, where it probably merged with the NCIS. The deglaciation, c . 50 kyr BP, was followed by a long period of marine arctic conditions. Around 30 kyr BP, the Scandinavian Ice Sheet expanded from the north into the Norwegian Channel, where it dammed the Kattegat ice lake. Shortly after, c . 29 kyr BP, the Kattegat advance began, and once again the Scandinavian and British Ice Sheets merged in the North Sea. The subsequent retreat to the Norwegian Channel led to the formation of Ribjerg ice lake, which persisted from 27 to 23 kyr BP. The expansion of the last ice sheet started c . 23 kyr BP, when the main advance occurred from north–northeasterly directions into Denmark. An ice‐dammed lake was formed during deglaciation, while the NCIS was still active. During a re‐advance and subsequent retreat c . 19 kyr BP, a number of tunnel‐valley systems were formed in association with ice‐marginal positions. The NCIS finally began to break up in the Norwegian Sea 18.8 kyr BP, and the Younger Yoldia Sea inundated northern Denmark around 18 kyr BP. The extensive amount of new and existing data applied to this synthesis has provided a better understanding of the timing and dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) during the last c . 160 kyr. Furthermore, our model contributes to the understanding of the timing of the occasional release of large quantities of meltwater from the southwestern part of the SIS that are likely to enter the North Atlantic and possibly affect the thermohaline circulation.
Effect of gadolinium incorporation on optical characteristics of YNbO_4：Eu~（3＋） phosphors for lamp applications (2012)

做 Eu3+(Y， Gd ) NbO4 黄磷被综合由固态为在冷阴极荧光灯的可能的申请的反应。有在 272 nm 的山峰最大值的一个宽广吸收乐队被观察它由于在 Eu3+ 离子和附近的氧阴离子之间的费用转移。在 612 nm 的山峰波长的深红的排出物被观察它能在 Eu3+ 离子被归因于 5D07F2 转变。为 Y1xyGdyNbO4 的最高的发光性: 在 254 nm 刺激下面的 Eux3+ 在 18 mol.%(x=0.18 ) 的 Eu3+ 集中和 8.2 mol.%(y=0.082 ) 的 Gd3+ 集中被完成。Y0.738Gd0.082NbO4 的发光性: Eu3+0.18 比典型商业黄磷 Y2O3 的高:Eu3+ 和 CIE 染色性坐标是(0.6490， 0.3506 ) ，它比 Y2O3 的深:Eu3+ 。综合黄磷的粒子尺寸被 NaCl 流动和粒子尺寸象有粒子的一致尺寸分发的 8 m 被获得一样高控制。
Possible non-Fermi-liquid behavior ofCaRuO3 (1999)

We measured the resistivity $(\ensuremath{\rho})$ and magnetoresistance $(\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}/\ensuremath{\rho})$ of the metallic pseudocubic perovskite ${\mathrm{CaRuO}}_{3}.$ At high temperatures, $\ensuremath{\rho}{=a+bT}^{0.5}$ and $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}/\ensuremath{\rho}$ is negative. At low temperatures, $\ensuremath{\rho}{=a+bT}^{1.5}$ and $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}/\ensuremath{\rho}$ changes sign as a function of the applied magnetic field. Both at high temperatures and at low temperatures, $\ensuremath{\rho}$ deviates strongly from the resistivity of Fermi-liquid metals; we therefore discuss the possibility that ${\mathrm{CaRuO}}_{3}$ is a non-Fermi-liquid metal.
Highly Selective Bis(imino)pyridine Iron-Catalyzed Alkene Hydroboration (2013)

Bis(imino)pyridine iron dinitrogen complexes have been shown to promote the anti-Markovnikov catalytic hydroboration of terminal, internal, and geminal alkenes with high activity and selectivity. The isolated iron dinitrogen compounds offer distinct advantages in substrate scope and overall performance over known precious metal catalysts and previously reported in situ generated iron species.
Assessment of abnormal blood flow and efficacy of treatment in patients with systemic sclerosis using a newly developed microwireless laser Doppler flowmeter and arm-raising test (2007)

Background Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) frequently suffer from recalcitrant digital ulceration because of impaired cutaneous blood flow (CBF). A simple and accurate CBF measurement would be helpful to evaluate the disease status and efficacy of treatment in such patients. Objectives To examine the feasibility of a newly developed, micromachined integrated laser blood flowmeter (MILBF) for evaluation of abnormal CBF responses in patients with SSc. Methods CBF of finger pulp was measured in eight patients with SSc and in six healthy controls using MILBF. CBF in the steady state and the responses to the arm-raising test and cold provocation were assessed. The therapeutic efficacy of a single and an intensive prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) infusion treatment was also evaluated in some of the SSc patients. Results The patients with SSc showed significantly lower steady-state CBF than controls. The rate of blood flow with cold provocation and the velocity of blood flow recovery after cold provocation (VR-CP) tended to be lower in patients with SSc. Augmentation of amplitude of the digital pulse wave by arm raising (AA-AR) was observed in controls, but not in patients with SSc. We also found that VR-CP and AA-AR may be good markers for evaluating the efficacy of vasodilatory treatment. It should be noted that the examined patients did not complain of any pain and/or distress during the arm-raising test, as opposed to during cold provocation. Conclusions CBF assessment using MILBF and an arm-raising test is accurate, noninvasive and well tolerated and thus the combination may be a better alternative method to evaluate abnormal CBF and efficacy of treatment in patients with SSc.
Corrosion of Ni in 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide room-temperature ionic liquid: an in situ X-ray imaging and spectromicroscopy study (2011)

This paper reports a pioneering application of soft X-ray scanning transmission microscopy (STXM), combined with micro-spot X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), for the investigation of the corrosion of metal electrodes in contact with room-temperature ionic liquids (RTIL). Using an open electrochemical cell in vacuo we explore some fundamental aspects of the aggressiveness of the 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([BMP][TFSA]) RTIL towards Ni under in situ electrochemical polarisation. The possibility of imaging electrochemically-induced morphological features in conjunction with micro-XAS and XRF spectroscopies has provided unprecedented details regarding the space distribution and chemical state of corrosion products.
Inside Back Cover: A Simple Synthesis of Triangular All‐Metal Aromatics Allowing Access to Isolobal All‐Metal Heteroaromatics (Chem. Eur. J. 35/2015) (2015)

The famous dream of the ouroboros, the symbol of the circle, which inspired Kekulè’s structure of benzene leading to the concept of aromatic chemistry, can also be applied to metals. Noble metals can be assembled in molecules with an equilateral metal core. This regular geometry remains untouched even if mixing different atoms, as a result of cyclic electron delocalization, leading to all-metal aromatics and all-metal heteroaromatics. More details can be found in the Communication by G. Maestri et al. on page 12271 ff.
Resonator-enhanced SHG and SFG (2003)

In the preceding chapter, we considered single-pass SHG and SFG. There, we saw that efficient frequency upconversion from infrared to blue-green wavelengths is generally possible only when the power at the fundamental wavelength is several watts. The approach to achieving such powers that we considered in Chapter 3 was a very direct and “brute force” one: build a more powerful laser. We examined several approaches that have been used for increasing the infrared power available for the nonlinear interaction, including:
Suppressed Ca 2+ /CaM/CaMKII-dependent K ATP channel activity in primary afferent neurons mediates hyperalgesia after axotomy (2009)

Painful axotomy decreases K(ATP) channel current (IK(ATP)) in primary afferent neurons. Because cytosolic Ca(2+) signaling is depressed in injured dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, we investigated whether Ca(2+)-calmodulin (CaM)-Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) regulates IK(ATP) in large DRG neurons. Immunohistochemistry identified the presence of K(ATP) channel subunits SUR1, SUR2, and Kir6.2 but not Kir6.1, and pCaMKII in neurofilament 200-positive DRG somata. Single-channel recordings from cell-attached patches revealed that basal and evoked IK(ATP) by ionomycin, a Ca(2+) ionophore, is activated by CaMKII. In axotomized neurons from rats made hyperalgesic by spinal nerve ligation (SNL), basal K(ATP) channel activity was decreased, and sensitivity to ionomycin was abolished. Basal and Ca(2+)-evoked K(ATP) channel activity correlated inversely with the degree of hyperalgesia induced by SNL in the rats from which the neurons were isolated. Inhibition of IK(ATP) by glybenclamide, a selective K(ATP) channel inhibitor, depolarized resting membrane potential (RMP) recorded in perforated whole-cell patches and enhanced neurotransmitter release measured by amperometry. The selective K(ATP) channel opener diazoxide hyperpolarized the RMP and attenuated neurotransmitter release. Axotomized neurons from rats made hyperalgesic by SNL lost sensitivity to the myristoylated form of autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide (AIPm), a pseudosubstrate blocker of CaMKII, whereas axotomized neurons from SNL animals that failed to develop hyperalgesia showed normal IK(ATP) inhibition by AIPm. AIPm also depolarized RMP in control neurons via K(ATP) channel inhibition. Unitary current conductance and sensitivity of K(ATP) channels to cytosolic ATP and ligands were preserved even after painful nerve injury, thus providing opportunities for selective therapeutic targeting against neuropathic pain.
High energy negative ion generation by Coulomb implosion mechanism (2009)

Generation of high energy negative ions from laser plasmas by Coulomb implosion mechanism is investigated. When clusters or underdense plasmas are irradiated by an intense laser pulse, positive ions are accelerated inside the clusters or in the self-focusing channel by the Coulomb explosion. This could lead to the acceleration of negative ions toward target center. The maximum energy of negative ions is typically several times lower than that of positive ions. A theoretical description and corresponding particle-in-cell simulations of Coulomb implosion mechanism are presented. We show the evidence of the negative ion acceleration observed in our experiments using high intensity laser pulse and the cluster-gas targets.
Study of the promoting influence of transition metals on the reduction of cupric oxide by temperature programmed reduction (1981)

Temperature programmed reduction (t.p.r.) has been used to study the hydrogen reduction of cupric oxide and the influence on the reduction of transition metals added to the bulk oxide. X.r.d. and X.p.s. were used to characterise the samples.For cupric oxide containing 2 mol% metal additive, three types of reduction behaviour were indicated. (i)For Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, a single reduction process some 30 K below that observed for pure CuO. (ii) For Pd and Ru, two reduction processes some 100 K below that observed for pure CuO. (iii) For Pt, Rh and Ir, complex reduction behaviour with the bulk of the reduction occurring some 100 K below that for CuO. For Ag and Au, similar complex behaviour with the main reduction some 30 K below that for CuO.A detailed study was made of the reduction of CuO containing Pd (0.05–4.0 mol%) and Pt (0.05–10 mol%).Measured activation energies were essentially independent of the metal additive indicating that rate limiting steps for the reductions involve the growth of metal nuclei.The promoting effects of metal additives are discussed in terms of their ability (i) to remain within the CuO lattice, (ii) to produce extra nucleation sites and (iii) to increase the concentration of surface hydrogen. Thus the first row transition metals produce extra copper nucleation sites by non-specific distortion of the CuO lattice. For Group VIII and Ib additives, the nucleation sites are provided by the preferential reduction of the additive ion. The Group VIII metals further promote the reduction of CuO by mechanisms involving hydrogen adsorption and spillover.
Impact of neoadjuvant therapy on histopathologic response and survival in patients with primary high-grade retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (2008)

10510 Background: The outcome of patients with primary high-grade retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPS) is poor with a 5- year disease specific survival (DSS) of <40%. Surgical resection alone remains the current standard therapy. The impact of neoadjuvant therapy on histopathologic response and DSS are unknown. Methods: From 1987 to 2007, 55 patients with primary high-grade RPS received protocol neoadjuvant therapy (chemotherapy ± radiation). All patients underwent surgical resection and response was assessed histopathologically. Patients with ≥95% pathologic necrosis were classified as responders. Clinicopathologic variables were analyzed for DSS and compared to the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) Sarcoma Nomogram prediction for such variables. Tumor size was defined by cross-sectional imaging prior to treatment. Results: The median tumor size was 15 cm, and the median follow-up time for survivors was 68 months. The 5-year DSS for all 55 patients was 47% as compared to 37% predicted by the Sarcoma Nomogram. Fourteen (25%) of the patients had ≥95% pathologic necrosis and were defined as histopathologic responders; forty-one (75%) were non- responders. The 5-year DSS for responders was 83%. This was significantly better than the 5-year DSS of 34% for non-responders (p=0.002) and appeared superior to the 39% predicted by the Sarcoma Nomogram. The 34% 5-year DSS for non-responders was essentially the same as the 35% predicted by the Sarcoma Nomogram. Conclusions: Histopathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with primary high-grade retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas is associated with an improved DSS compared to non-responders and the Sarcoma Nomogram prediction. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
In-phased second harmonic wave array generation with intra-Talbot-cavity frequency-doubling (2015)

The Talbot cavity is one promising method to synchronize the phase of a laser array. However, it does not achieve the lowest array mode with the same phase but the highest array mode with the anti-phase between every two adjacent lasers, which is called out-phase locking. Consequently, their far-field images exhibit 2-peak profiles. We propose intra-Talbot-cavity frequency-doubling. By placing a nonlinear crystal in a Talbot cavity, the Talbot cavity generates an out-phased fundamental wave array, which is converted into an in-phase-locked second harmonic wave array at the nonlinear crystal. We demonstrate numerical calculations and experiments on intra-Talbot-cavity frequency-doubling and obtain an in-phase-locked second harmonic wave array for a Nd:YVO₄ array laser.
Erythema Multiforme–Like Contact Dermatitis: A Systematic Review of Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes (2021)

Abduelmula, Abrahim BSN; Mufti, Asfandyar MD; Ho, Jessica S. S. MSc; Kashetsky, Nadia MSc; Yeung, Jensen MD, FRCPC; Maibach, Howard I. MD Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Properties, and Molecular Structures of a Rigid Tridentate Chelate Ligand N,N′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)‐2,6‐diaminopyridine with M(II) and M(0) Transition Metals (M(II): Ni, Pd, Pt; M(0): Cr, Mo, W). (1987)

Abstract The 1:2 molar reaction of diaminopyridine (I) with chlorodiphenylphosphine (II) leads to the title ligand (III).
Sensor based intersection reconstruction for a Cooperative Intersection Safety System (2009)

Today most so called `black spots' have been eliminated from the road networks. However, intersections can still be regarded as black spots. Depending on the region and country, from 30% to 60% of all injury accidents and up to one third of the fatalities occur at intersections. This is due mainly to the fact that accident scenarios at intersections are among the most complex ones, since different categories of road user interact in these limited areas with crossing trajectories.
Ab initio typical medium theory of substitutional disorder (2020)

By merging single-site typical medium theory with density-functional theory, we introduce a self-consistent framework for electronic-structure calculations of materials with substitutional disorder which takes into account Anderson localization. The scheme and details of the implementation are presented and applied to the hypothetical alloy ${\mathrm{Li}}_{c}{\mathrm{Be}}_{1\ensuremath{-}c}$, and the results are compared with those obtained with the coherent potential approximation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Anderson localization suppresses ferromagnetic order for a very low concentration of (i) carbon impurities substituting oxygen in ${\mathrm{MgO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}c}{\mathrm{C}}_{c}$ and (ii) manganese impurities substituting magnesium in ${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1\ensuremath{-}c}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{c}\mathrm{O}$ for the low-spin magnetic configuration.
Additional file 1: of The reproducibility of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of post-ablation atrial scar: a cross-over study (2018)

Reproducibility of Post-ablation atrial scar imaging- Supplementary Data. (DOCX 889 kb)
Group operation of frequency adaptive radio communication systems (2002)

The benefit of using a group of radio communication systems, with adaptive carrier frequency selection, is presented, and the potential capability of each member of the group is considered. It is shown that for fixed allocated frequencies and constant number of subscribers, group operation is preferable, in relation to the number of demanded frequencies, compared to a single operation when one fixed frequency is used.