gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulation of p38 Phosphorylation and Activity by Arachidonic Acid in HeLa Cells, HL60 Promyelocytic Leukemic Cells, and Human Neutrophils: EVIDENCE FOR CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC ACTIVATION OF MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES (2021)

Although it is well appreciated that arachidonic acid, a second messenger molecule that is released by ligand-stimulated phospholipase A2, stimulates a wide range of cell types, the mechanisms that mediate the actions of arachidonic acid are still poorly understood. We now report that arachidonic acid stimulated the appearance of dual-phosphorylated (active) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase as detected by Western blotting in HeLa cells, HL60 cells, human neutrophils, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells but not Jurkat cells. An increase in p38 kinase activity caused by arachidonic acid was also observed. Further studies with neutrophils show that the stimulation of p38 dual phosphorylation by arachidonic acid was transient, peaking at 5 min, and was concentration-dependent. The effect of arachidonic acid was not affected by either nordihydroguaiaretic acid, an inhibitor of the 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenases or by indomethacin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. Arachidonic acid also stimulated the phosphorylation and/or activity of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and of c-jun N-terminal kinase in a cell-type-specific manner. An examination of the mechanisms through which arachidonic acid stimulated the phosphorylation/activity of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in neutrophils revealed an involvement of protein kinase C. Thus, arachidonic acid stimulated the translocation of protein kinase C alpha, betaI, and betaII to a particulate fraction, and the effects of arachidonic acid on mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation/activity were partially inhibited by GF109203X, an inhibitor of protein kinase C. This study is the first to demonstrate that a polyunsaturated fatty acid causes the dual phosphorylation and activation of p38.
The homoeologous genes for the Rec8-like meiotic cohesin in wheat: structure, function, and evolutionary implication (2018)

ABSTRACT The Rec8-like cohesin is a cohesion protein essential for orderly chromosome segregation in meiosis. Here, we cloned two Rec8 -like homoeologous genes (homoeoalleles) from tetraploid wheat ( TtRec8-A1 and TtRec8-B1 ) and one from hexaploid wheat ( TaRec8-D1 ), and performed expression and functional analyses of the homoeoalleles. Also, we identified other two Rec8 homoeoalleles in hexaploid wheat ( TaRec8-A1 and TaRec8-B1 ) and the one in Aegilops tauschii ( AetRec8-D1 ) by comparative analysis. The coding DNA sequences (CDS) of these six Rec8 homoeoalleles are all 1,827 bp in length, encoding 608 amino acids. They differed from each other primarily in introns although single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in CDS. Substantial difference was observed between the homoeoalleles from the subgenome B ( TtRec8-B1 and TaRec8-B1 ) and those from the subgenomes A and D ( TtRec8-A1, TaRec8-A1 , and TaRec8-D1 ). TtRec8-A1 expressed dominantly over TtRec8-B1 , but comparably to TaRec8-D1 . Therefore, the Rec8 homoeoalleles from the subgenomes A and D may be functionally more active than the one from the subgenome B in wheat. The structural variation and differential expression of the Rec8 homoeoalleles indicate a unique cross-genome coordination of the homoeologous genes in the polyploid, and imply the distinction of the wheat subgenome B from other subgenomes in the origin and evolution. HIGHLIGHT This work revealed the structural and expression patterns of the Rec8 -like homoeologous genes in polyploid wheat, implying a unique origin and evolutionary route of the wheat B subgenome.
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (2011)

Although HFOV is theoretically appealing and may improve outcomes in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome, it should be reserved for patients failing conventional ventilation until definitive trials are completed.
Prevalence of Dust-Mite Allergens in Homes and Workplaces of the Upper Connecticut River Valley of New England (1992)

This study sought to determine the relative abundance and seasonal variation of Dermatophagoides farinae and D pteronyssinus allergens in homes and workplaces of the Upper Connecticut River Valley of New England. Dust samples were obtained from 15 homes and 23 carpeted workplaces in public buildings. Half the samples were collected in June 1990 and half in September 1990. D pteronyssinus and D farinae content of the samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This observational study of homes and workplaces found a predominance of D pteronyssinus allergens in both homes and workplaces; a marked seasonal increase in total Dermatophagoides group I allergens from June to September; and only very low levels of allergens in workplaces. Workplaces seem an unlikely source of significant dust-mite allergen exposure, and workplace exposure does not negate efforts at home dust control by affected patients in this region.
Randomized trial of physical exercise alone or combined with bright light on mood and health-related quality of life (1998)

Supervised physical exercise combined with exposure to bright light appears to be an effective intervention for improving mood and certain aspects of the health-related quality of life in wintertime. This effect appears unrelated to the history of season-dependent symptoms, being noticeable among healthy individuals.
Rapid Ketone Transfer Hydrogenation by Employing Simple, In Situ Prepared Iridium(I) Precatalysts Supported by “Non‐NH” P,N Ligands (2008)

The catalytic utility in ketone transfer hydrogenation (TH) of the preformed complexes [Ir(cod)(kappa(2)-2-NMe(2)-3-PiPr(2)-indene)](+)X(-) ([2 a](+)X(-); X: PF(6), BF(4), and OTf; cod: eta(4)-1,5-cyclooctadiene; OTf: trifluoromethanesulfonate), [Ir(cod)(kappa(2)-1-PiPr(2)-2-NMe(2)-indene)](+)OTf(-) ([2 b](+)OTf(-)), [Ir(cod)(kappa(2)-2-NMe(2)-3-PiPr(2)-indenide)] (3), and [Ir(cod)(kappa(2)-o-tBu(2)P-C(6)H(4)-NMe(2))](+)PF(6) (-) ([4](+)PF(6) (-)), as well as of related mixtures prepared from [{IrCl(cod)}(2)] and various P,N-substituted indene or phenylene ligands, was examined. Whereas [2 a](+)X(-), [2 b](+)OTf(-), 3, and related in situ prepared Ir catalysts derived from P,N-indenes proved to be generally effective in mediating the reduction of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol in basic iPrOH at reflux (0.1 mol % Ir; 81-99 % conversion) in a preliminary catalytic survey, the structurally related Ir catalysts prepared from (o-R(2)P-C(6)H(4))NMe(2) (R: Ph, iPr, or tBu) were observed to outperform the corresponding P,N-indene ligands under similar conditions. In the course of such studies, it was observed that alteration of the substituents at the donor fragments of the supporting P,N ligand had a pronounced influence on the catalytic performance of the derived catalysts, with ligands featuring bulky dialkylphosphino donors proving to be the most effective. Notably, the crystallographically characterized complex [4](+)PF(6) (-), either preformed or prepared in situ from a mixture of [{IrCl(cod)}(2)], NaPF(6), and (o-tBu(2)P-C(6)H(4))NMe(2), proved to be highly effective in mediating the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (TH) of ketones in basic iPrOH, with near quantitative conversions for a range of alkyl and/or aryl ketones and with very high turnover-frequency values (up to 230 000 h(-1) at >50 % conversion); this thereby enabled the use of Ir loadings ranging from 0.1 to 0.004 mol %. Catalyst mixtures prepared from [{IrCl(cod)}(2)], NaPF(6), and the chiral (alphaS,alphaS)-1,1'-bis[alpha-(dimethylamino)benzyl]-(R,R)-2,2'-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocene (Cy-Mandyphos) ligand proved capable of mediating the asymmetric TH of aryl alkyl ketones, including that of the hindered substrate 2,2-dimethylpropiophenone with an efficiency (0.5 mol % Ir; 95 % conversion, 95 % ee) not documented previously in TH chemistry.
Data from On-Target Pharmacodynamic Activity of the PI3K Inhibitor Copanlisib in Paired Biopsies from Patients with Malignant Lymphoma and Advanced Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The PI3K inhibitor copanlisib has efficacy and manageable safety in patients with indolent lymphoma and solid tumors. Pharmacodynamic effects relative to copanlisib dose and plasma exposure were evaluated. Patients with lymphoma or solid tumors received copanlisib 0.4 or 0.8 mg/kg on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Primary variables were maximum changes in phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) levels in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma glucose. Other evaluations included PI3K signaling markers and T-lymphocytes in paired tumor biopsies, the relationship between estimated plasma exposure and pharmacodynamic markers, response, and safety. Sixty-three patients received copanlisib. PRP pAKT levels showed sustained reductions from baseline following copanlisib [median inhibition: 0.4 mg/kg, 73.8% (range −94.9 to 144.0); 0.8 mg/kg, 79.6% (range −96.0 to 408.0)]. Tumor pAKT was reduced versus baseline with copanlisib 0.8 mg/kg in paired biopsy samples (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Dose-related transient plasma glucose elevations were observed. Estimated copanlisib plasma exposure significantly correlated with changes in plasma pAKT and glucose metabolism markers. There were two complete responses and six partial responses; seven of eight responders received copanlisib 0.8 mg/kg. Adverse events (all grade) included hyperglycemia (52.4%), fatigue (46.0%), and hypertension (41.3%). Copanlisib demonstrated dose-dependent pharmacodynamic evidence of target engagement and PI3K pathway modulation/inhibition in tumor and immune cells. Results support the use of copanlisib 0.8 mg/kg (or flat-dose equivalent of 60 mg) in solid tumors and lymphoma, and provide a biomarker hypothesis for studies of copanlisib combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (NCT03711058).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A One‐Pot Total Synthesis of Crambin (2004)

Zeitsparend: Die Eintopfsynthese von Crambin (siehe Struktur) liefert nach nur zwei Tagen und einem einzigen abschließenden Reinigungsschritt ca. 40 % Gesamtausbeute an hochreinem Protein. Durch native chemische Ligation werden dabei drei nichtgeschützte Peptidsegmente verknüpft. Die Polypeptidkette faltet sich auch ohne Zwischenreinigung zur 3D-Struktur.
Superhard Nanocomposite Ti-Si-N Coatings (2001)

r.f. reactive magnetron sputtering technique was used to deposit Ti-Si-N films with Si contents in the range 0-20 at. %. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed the nanocrystalline nature of these coatings. XRD patterns of sputtered films revealed the presence of 2 crystalline phases, where phase 1 (lattice parameter of about 0.429 nm) can be assigned to a cubic Bl NaCI structure, typical for TiN, and phase 2 is also a fcc type structure, but with a smaller lattice parameter (∼ 0.418 nm). The mixture of the two phases in some samples indicates that, in general, the segregation of TiN and SiN x phases is not complete, leading to a possible mixture of TiN grains and regions constituted by a so-called solid solution. Optimum hardness values were found for Si contents in the range 6-13 at. %, with a maximum of 54 GPa being recorded. However these results are very much dependent on deposition conditions, where the main factors are the substrate temperature and the ion bombardment during deposition. The correlation between mechanical and structural properties is outlined in this paper.
Supplementary Figures 3-5 from Identification of Biomarkers Modulated by the Rexinoid LGD1069 (Bexarotene) in Human Breast Cells Using Oligonucleotide Arrays (2023)

Supplementary Figures 3-5 from Identification of Biomarkers Modulated by the Rexinoid LGD1069 (Bexarotene) in Human Breast Cells Using Oligonucleotide Arrays
Response to Comment on Balestrieri et al. Sirtuin 6 Expression and Inflammatory Activity in Diabetic Atherosclerotic Plaques: Effects of Incretin Treatment. Diabetes 2015;64:1395–1406 (2015)

We agree with Yu and Sun (1) that sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) was not only implicated in the repression of inflammation (2), oxidative stress, tumor, and aging (3) but also functioned as an oncogene in the …
Rare-Earth Zirconate Ln2Zr2O7 (Ln: La, Nd, Gd, and Dy) Powders, Xerogels, and Aerogels: Preparation, Structure, and Properties (2019)

The physicochemical properties of rare-earth zirconates can be tuned by the rational modification of their structures and phase compositions. In the present work, La<sup>3+</sup>-, Nd<sup>3+</sup>-, Gd<sup>3+</sup>-, and Dy<sup>3+</sup>-zirconate nanostructured materials were prepared by different synthetic protocols, leading to powders, xerogels, and, for the first time, monolithic aerogels. Powders were synthesized by the co-precipitation method, while xerogels and aerogels were synthesized by the sol-gel technique, followed by ambient and supercritical drying, respectively. Their microstructures, thermogravimetric profiles, textural properties, and crystallographic structures are reported. The co-precipitation method led to dense powders (<i>S</i><sub>BET</sub> < 1 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>), while the sol-gel technique resulted in large surface area xerogels (<i>S</i><sub>BET</sub> = 144 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>) and aerogels (<i>S</i><sub>BET</sub> = 168 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, the incorporation of lanthanide ions into the zirconia lattice altered the crystal structures of the powders, xerogels, and aerogels. Single-phase pyrochlores were obtained for La<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> and Nd<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> powders and xerogels, while defect fluorite structures formed in the case of Gd<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> and Dy<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. All aerogels contain a mixture of cubic and tetragonal ZrO<sub>2</sub> phases. Thus, a direct effect is shown between the drying conditions and the resulting crystalline phases of the nanostructured rare-earth zirconates.
A styryl tipno‐based nitroxide as efficient mediator for the synthesis of multiblock polystyrenes and well‐grafted polymers (2012)

Abstract The chloromagnesium exchange of 4‐chlorostyrene provides an easy access to a new versatile polymerizable 2,2,5‐trimethyl‐4‐phenyl‐3‐azahexane‐3‐nitroxide (TIPNO)‐based nitroxide. Indeed, first, its alkoxyamine based on the α‐methyl benzyl radical fragment efficiently mediates the polymerization of styrene (respectively n ‐butyl acrylate) to yield branched polystyrene [respectively poly( n ‐butyl acrylate)] with alkoxyamine function as branch point and well‐defined branches. Second, the self‐condensing of this polymerizable nitroxide by manganese coupling affords a mixture of oligomeric linear polyalkoxyamines. Polymerization of styrene mediated with these polyalkoxyamines gives multiblock polystyrenes with alkoxyamine group as linker between polystyrene blocks and exhibits the following features: the synthesis of the polystyrene blocks is controlled as their average molecular weight M n (block) increases linearly with conversion and their average dispersity M w / M n (block) decreases with it. At a given temperature, the molecular weight and the dispersity of the polyalkoxyamines weakly impact M n (block) and M w / M n (block). In contrast, the molecular weight of the multiblock polystyrene increases linearly with conversion until reaching a constant value. The number of block is independent of the molecular weight of the polyalkoxyamines. These unusual results can be explained by the fact that during polymerization, mediating TIPNO‐based polymeric nitroxides with different lengths are generated and are exchanged. Finally the dispersity of the multiblock polystyrene is quite broad and lies between 1.7 and 2.8. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
A 4-chemokine signature to predict intermediate immunogenicity in homologous recombination repair deficient tumors. (2021)

2546 Background: Treatment responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) associate with T cell tumor inflammation. Tumors with mismatch repair deficiency display an inflammatory tumor phenotype and respond to ICB. Similarly, tumors with homologous recombination repair deficiency (HR-d) may be primed for ICB treatment. We have previously shown that a panel of 4 chemokines identifies a subclass of pancreatic cancer with markers of T cell-inflammation. Here, we evaluated this 4-chemokine signature in cancer types with HR-d molecular subclasses. Methods: We combined paired transcriptomes and genomic data of breast (n = 699), ovarian (n = 174) and prostate (n = 457) cancers from the Cancer Genome Atlas and tumor-enriched pancreas cancers (n = 121) to evaluate the 4-chemokine signature in HR-d vs. HR-proficient tumors across these 4 cancers. Metrics of antitumor immunity were also compared. Results: Across tumor types, elevated expression of the 4-chemokine signature (chemokine-hi) associated with transcriptional hallmarks of a T cell-mediated antitumor response, including antigen presenting cell stimulation, antigen presentation, and T cell activity. In tumors with a predominant COSMIC signature 3, which associates with HR-d, the 4-chemokine signature predicted intermediate levels of T cell-inflammation. Conclusions: These data suggest that 1) the 4-chemokine signature may be a clinically relevant biomarker in identifying subclasses of tumours responsive to immunotherapies, and that 2) HR-d tumors harbor intermediate immunogenicity. Correlation of treatment responses to immunotherapies with the 4-chemokine signature is needed validate its predictive value as a biomarker for treatment stratification with immunotherapies.[Table: see text]
Ordens militares e fronteira: um desempenho militar, jurisdicional e político em tempos medievais (2006)

The application of the crusade to the Iberian territory gives way to the cooperation between the Military Orders and the monarchy in enlarging the territory and creates a convergence of interests in favour of these institutions, whose effects will extend beyond the reconquering period (Reconquista). In this sense, there is an evolution in the performance of the Military Orders since their participation in defining the territorial frontier (12th-13th centuries) to the construction of the frontier characterised by the strategic projection (14th-15th centuries), structured in two orienting vectors: North-English Channel (Santiago and Avis) and South-Mediterranean and Atlantic (Hospital and Christ).
Proton Pump Inhibitor Initiation and Withdrawal affects Gut Microbiota and Readmission Risk in Cirrhosis (2018)

PPIs modulate readmission risk and microbiota composition in cirrhosis, which responds to withdrawal. The systematic withdrawal and judicious use of PPIs is needed from a clinical and microbiological perspective in decompensated cirrhosis.
Polymer microstructures: are they applicable as optical components? (2004)

We present a new method to manufacture arrays of microlenses with varying diameter and/or varying focal length on the same substrate material. The method combines direct laser machining with a casting method and is based on the exposure of poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA) to an UV Excimer Laser (248 nm). A following thermal treatment of the PMMA results in spherical caps in the PMMA which subsequently serves as a mould to replicate inverse structures in poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by casting. Lenses with a focal length of 300 µm to 4,000 µm have been realized in a PDMS replicate from the PMMA, however, this method is not limited to these materials if the soft embossing technology is applied where an elastomer such as PDMS serves as the mould.
HSUPA Transport Network Congestion Control (2009)

The introduction of High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) greatly improves achievable uplink bitrate but it presents new challenges to be solved in the WCDMA radio access network. In the transport network, bandwidth reservation for HSUPA is not efficient and TCP cannot efficiently resolve congestion because of lower layer retransmissions. This paper proposes an HSUPA transport network flow control algorithm that handles congestion situations efficiently and supports Quality of Service differentiation. In the Radio Network Controller (RNC), transport network congestion is detected. Relying on the standardized control frame, the RNC notifies the Node B about transport network congestion. In case of transport network congestion, the Node B part of the HSUPA flow control instructs the air interface scheduler to reduce the bitrate of the flow to eliminate congestion. The performance analysis concentrates on transport network limited scenarios. It is shown that TCP cannot provide efficient congestion control. The proposed algorithm can achieve high end-user perceived throughput, while maintaining low delay, loss, and good fairness in the transport network.
Comparison of Findings of the Bone Stain and Tetracycline Labeling in Monkey Ribs (1978)

An attempt was made to interpret the chromatic properties of osteoid seams and tetracycline labels in Rhesus monkey bone. Observation included counting the total number of different types of osteoid seams shown by the Bone stain, and the total number of tetracycline labels. Significant differences were found in the number of tetracycline foci adjacent to these seams. Of 734 osteoid seams identified by staining, 648 associated with tetracycline label. Percent labeling of different types of seams was (a) transitional seams, 99%; (b) green seams, 91%; and (c) red seams, 81%. Overall, there are 88% osteoid seams labeled by the antibiotic. The remaining 12% unlabeled may reflect quiescent bone mineralization during the period of tetracycline administration. Possibly in some instances the seams had just begun forming, and mineralization had not started.While tetracycline labeling seemed to be an index of bone formation, it was also observed that osteoid seams appeared to be another measure of this activity. These comparative studies may provide useful information for studies relating to such factors as osteoblastic activity, along with some metabolic bone disorders, fracture healing, growth, aging, and mechanical stress response.
Suppressive activity of epinastine hydrochloride on TARC production from human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in-vitro (2005)

Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) is an important molecule in the development and maintenance of allergic diseases. However, there is little information about the influence of anti-allergic agents on TARC production. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of epinastine hydrochloride, an H1-receptor antagonist, on TARC production from human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells using an in-vitro cell culture technique. CD4+ T cells prepared from healthy subjects were cultured in wells coated with a combination of OKT3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody in the presence or absence of epinastine HCl for 24 h. The cells were also stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4 in a similar manner. Levels of TARC and IL-4 in culture supernatants were examined by ELISA. The addition of epinastine HCl exerted a dose-dependent suppressive effect on the production of both TARC and IL-4 from CD4+ T cells under co-stimulatory molecule stimulation. The minimum concentration of the agent showing a significant suppressive effect on TARC and IL-4 production was 5.0 microM and 2.5 microM, respectively. Epinastine HCl also suppressed the ability of cells to produce TARC in response to IL-4 stimulation, when the agent was added to cell cultures at more than 2.5 microM. It was concluded that this inhibitory action of epinastine HCl may be partially responsible for epinastine's attenuating effect on allergic diseases.