gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of experimental preeclampsia on cerebral blood flow autoregulation and cerebrovascular function (680.22) (2014)

This study investigated changes in CBFAR and vascular function in SD rats that were normal pregnant (NP; d20) or with experimental preeclampsia (ePE; d20). ePE was induced by combining placental ischemia and a high cholesterol diet. CBFAR was determined in vivo during acute infusion of phenylephrine to raise blood pressure and measurement of CBF using laser Doppler. The slope (m) of the pressure vs. CBF curves were compared between ePE (n=9) and NP (n=6). Myogenic responses were determined in isolated and pressurized posterior cerebral arteries (PCA; n=5/gr). mRNA expression of iNOS was determined using qPCR (n=5/gr). ePE caused hypertension (123 ± 4 vs. 111± 2 mmHg, p&lt;0.05) and a 25% increase in plasma 8‐isoprostane (p&lt;0.01 vs. NP), indicating oxidative stress. CBFAR was intact in 7/9 ePE rats and not different from NP rats (m=0.54±0.06 vs. 0.45±0.04; p&gt;0.05). However, 2/9 ePE rats had impaired CBFAR (m=0.93±0.05; p&lt;0.05 vs. NP). PCA from NP rats displayed myogenic activity and were smaller than passive diameters at 150 mmHg (149±17 vs. 210±13 μm; p&lt;0.05). In contrast, the myogenic response was absent in PCA from ePE rats with no difference between active and passive diameters. mRNA expression of iNOS increased 2‐fold in PCA from ePE rats (p&lt;0.01 vs. NP). Thus, CBFAR appears to be intact in the majority of ePE rats. The lack of a myogenic response in PCA from ePE animals may be due to oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. Grant Funding Source : Supported by RO1 NS045940
The advantages of periodically operated biofilm reactors for the treatment of highly variable wastewater (1997)

Many wastes generated by industry, at hazardous wastes sites and at landfill experience shock loads of inhibitory organic compounds which can upset biological treatment systems. Biofilm reactors can be used to treat these wastes. However, the continuous flow mode operation normally used results in biofilm stratification and uneven biomass distribution that limits the ability of biofilm processes to treat shock loads. Periodic operation of biofilm reactors is advantageous because even biomass distribution can be obtained. In addition, data from membrane sequencing batch biofilm reactors indicates that periodic operation imposes regular variations in substrate concentration on the biofilm. As a result, organisms throughout the film achieve maximum growth rates which cause physiological adaptations that can improve biofilm response to shock loads.
Modulated scattering technique in the terahertz domain enabled by current actuated vanadium dioxide switches (2017)

The modulated scattering technique is based on the use of reconfigurable electromagnetic scatterers, structures able to scatter and modulate an impinging electromagnetic field in function of a control signal. The modulated scattering technique is used in a wide range of frequencies up to millimeter waves for various applications, such as field mapping of circuits or antennas, radio-frequency identification devices and imaging applications. However, its implementation in the terahertz domain remains challenging. Here, we describe the design and experimental demonstration of the modulated scattering technique at terahertz frequencies. We characterize a modulated scatterer consisting in a bowtie antenna loaded with a vanadium dioxide switch, actuated using a continuous current. The modulated scatterer behavior is demonstrated using a time domain terahertz spectroscopy setup and shows significant signal strength well above 0.5 THz, which makes this device a promising candidate for the development of fast and energy-efficient THz communication devices and imaging systems. Moreover, our experiments allowed us to verify the operation of a single micro-meter sized VO<sub>2</sub> switch at terahertz frequencies, thanks to the coupling provided by the antenna.
Using Resource Profiles to Guide Allocation and Purchasing Decisions (2004)

The provision of health care involves combining a considerable number of resource inputs to deliver a mix of services that will satisfy overall objectives. In theory, this sounds simple. For a number of reasons, however, allocating actual health care resources is challenging and imbalances seem to be the rule rather than the exception. This paper presents a simple framework for comparing resource profiles for a selection of low- and middle-income countries. The main purpose is to illustrate the importance of a multidimensional approach for the measurement and monitoring of health care resources that includes measurement of real resources, e.g. personnel, equipment and facilities, to supplement traditional expenditure figures. Data have been compiled for two groups of countries. Burkina Faso, Malawi, Mali, Niger and Tanzania comprise a set of low-income African countries. The Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala and Peru comprise a set of middle-income Latin American countries. A multidimensional approach for the measurement and monitoring of health care resources may supplement expenditure reviews such as National Health Accounts (NHAs) and thereby highlight important linkages between expenditures and the management of real resources.
Modeling laser generation in cholesteric liquid crystals using kinetic equations (2014)

The paper presents the results of calculating the threshold pumping power necessary for laser generation in cholesteric liquid crystals doped with fluorescent dyes. Calculations have been performed with allowance for (i) specific spectral properties of the chiral cholesteric medium as a photonic structure and (ii) the spatially distributed character of feedback in the active medium. The dependences of the threshold pumping power on the sample thickness, dye concentration, and leading front widths of long pumping pulses have been studied.
Determination of Free Amino Acids in Cheese by Flow Injection Analysis with an Enzymic Reactor and Chemiluminescence Detector (1990)

ABSTRACT The substrate is degraded enzymatically by L‐amino acid oxidase immobilized on controlled porosity glass. The hydrogen peroxide generated by the reaction is determined by chemiluminescence with an alkaline reagent containing luminol and hexacyanoferrate (III). The log‐log calibration graphs for L‐leucine were rectilinear from 0.025 mM to 1.0 mM (R = 0.9998). The coefficients of variation (rds) for n = 10 were 1.4% and 0.3% for 0.1 mM and 0.8 mM of L‐leucine, respectively. The sample throughout was 40 h ‐1 . The concentration of free amino acids in cheese samples was 14 to 50 mg L‐leu/g product. The enzyme reactor showed good stability over 4‐months.
ER‐resident G i2 protein controls sar1 translocation onto the ER during budding of transport vesicles (2011)

In our previous study, fluoride ([AlF(4) ](-) ) disturbed ER-to-Golgi transport through the activation of ER-resident heterotrimeric G protein (ER-G protein). Therefore, ER-G protein may be implicated in ER-to-Golgi transport at the early stage prior to coat protein assembly. Sar1 translocation onto the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is suppressed by non-selective protein kinase inhibitor H89, suggesting the participation of H89-sensitive kinase in this process. To investigate the involvement of ER-G protein in ER-to-Golgi transport, the effect of G(i) protein activator (mastoparan 7) was examined on Sar1 translocation onto the ER in a cell-free system consisting of microsome membrane and cytosol. Sar1 translocation onto the microsome membrane was induced by addition of GTPγS in the cell-free system. Translocation of Sar1 by GTPγS was suppressed significantly by both H89 and mastoparan 7. Mastoparan 7 suppressed the translocation of Sar1 onto the microsome membrane with dosage dependency, but mastoparan 17, the inactive analog of mastoparan 7, had no effect on Sar1 translocation. The suppressive effect of mastoparan 7 was recovered by treatment with pertussis toxin (IAP). Moreover, G(i2) protein was detected on the microsome membrane by western blotting for heterotrimeric G(i) proteins. These results indicate that ER-G(i2) protein modulated Sar1 translocation onto the ER, suggesting that ER-resident G(i2) protein is an important negative regulator of vesicular transport at the early stage of vesicle formation before coat protein assembly on the ER.
P2.32: Dynamics of recipient-derived T cell populations infiltrating intestinal transplant mucosa, and their expression of gut-homing chemokines and integrins (2019)

Introduction: Early infiltration of recipient-derived T cells into an intestinal transplant graft is associated with rejection, which can lead to graft loss and death1. However, the infiltration dynamics of different T cell subsets are poorly understood, as are the mechanisms of entry. With the development of anti-integrin and -chemokine therapeutics, understanding whether pathways involved in gut-homing could be targeted for the prevention or treatment of early rejection is of significance. Methods: Adult intestinal transplantation recipients were identified via longitudinal cohort studies at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Fifteen samples of intestinal graft biopsies were obtained from ten patients (Table 1) at various times after transplantation (23 days to 5 years). Donor- and recipient-derived T cells in intestinal transplant mucosa were identified using flow cytometry and antibodies to discordant HLA Class I proteins (Fig 1A)1. Gut-homing molecules CCR9 and β7 integrin, and markers of conventional and innate-like T cell subsets were examined. Results: The relative frequencies of key T cell subsets altered following transplantation (Fig 1B & C). Early post-transplant, CD8 and non-Vδ2 γδT cells dominated (28% and 49%, respectively). These early non-Vδ2 γδT cells were predominantly donor-derived. Innate-like MAIT and Vδ2+ γδT cells were rare (<1%) early post-transplant but recovered with time (6% and 2%, respectively). The fraction of recipient-derived T cells in the graft increased with time, with highly variable kinetics between subjects. Early post-transplant, expression of CCR9 and β7 integrin was low on recipient-derived T cells, with 29% of CD8 and 48% of CD4 T cells negative for both markers. In contrast, 52% of CD8 and 31% of CD4 donor-derived T cells co-expressed CCR9/β7 (Fig 1D). CCR9/β7 co-expression increased in recipient-derived T cells with time. Conclusion: Following intestinal transplantation, the relative abundance of T cell subsets within the graft is dynamic. Innate-like T cells were near-absent in the first year post-transplant, whilst early post-transplant, donor-derived non-Vδ2 γδT cells were over-enriched. Fewer recipient-derived T cells infiltrating the graft expressed putative gut-homing molecules. This questions whether pharmaceutical targeting of these pathways is appropriate in graft rejection, but samples from a rejection episode are needed for validation. 1. Zuber J. et al. Sci Immunol 1, eaah3732 (2016).
Challenges of additive manufacturing in production systems (2019)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has become indispensable in the context of digitalization and Industry 4.0 and is said to be a mega trend of the 21st century. The technology offers immense opportunities to revolutionize the production of parts and components in all industries. Despite of the outstanding technical possibilities, the industry-wide adaptation rate is low. The current approach of looking at AM from a mostly technological view is a major reason for this. The challenge is to efficiently integrate 3D printing and other additive processes into existing manufacturing processes and systems. AM must be perceived as a multidimensional topic and viewed from different perspectives, two of which are the AM technology and the planning and management of production systems. These two perspectives have to be addressed simultaneously and cross-linked. In order to use AM to tackle some of the most challenging problems in modern manufacturing systems like increasing variant diversity, shorter product lifecycles, the demand for digitized processes and cyber-physical systems, it is necessary to develop interdisciplinary approaches and solutions, because none of the disciplines can reach the necessary performance and cost-efficiency alone.
Stretchable LED matrix display (2020)

Stretchable electronics offers a new way for making wearable devices that are unobtrusive and conform to the user's body shape. Electronics manufactured on a stretchable substrate allows integration of electronics into e.g. clothing, disposable patches and wearable accessories while retaining user comfort. This paper presents a LED matrix display manufactured on thermoplastic polyurethane. A 5x17 LED matrix was fabricated with bare die semiconductor LED chips and a reference device with chip scale packaged components. Reliability under stretching is investigated with and without protective measures, namely support adhesive and laminated cover layer. It was found that the bare die samples could withstand no more than 6% strain whereas the packaged components could reach 18%. In a cyclic stretch test the best performance was recorded from a sample laminated with pressure sensitive adhesive, again chip scaled components faring better that the bare dies.
Uncertainty modeling for spatial data fusion and mining (2011)

Fusion and mining of uncertain heterogeneous spatial data in the cyber-physical space are challenging problems especially to deal in a coordinated way with both topological and geometrical uncertainties. This paper explores opportunities to meet these challenges by generalizing the Dynamic Logic of Phenomena (DLP) and the Neural Modeling Field (NMF) Theory for geo-spatial data. The main idea behind success of NMF and DLP in applications is matching the levels of uncertainty of the problem/model and the levels of uncertainty of the evaluation criterion used to identify the model with data. When a model becomes more certain then the evaluation criterion is also adjusted dynamically to match the adjusted model. This process mimics processes of the mind and natural evolution. This paper also outlines a generalization of k-nearest neighbors' algorithm in the DLP framework for geo-spatial structural data mining and fusion. The generalization is demonstrated on the problem of vector to raster conflation (VRC) of topologically and geometrically uncertain geo-spatial data. In this problem, multiple sources of data uncertainty include feature extraction from satellite imagery, vectorization of extracted features, and the whole process of generation of vector layers such as road and drainage networks. The derived conflation algorithm exploits generalized DLP with the lattice of models based on the hierarchy of topological and geometric uncertainties. The efficiency of this algorithm is shown on conflating satellite imagery with Tiger vector data.
Endogenous 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and Dopaquinone Modifications on Protein Tyrosine (2010)

Oxidative modifications of protein tyrosines have been implicated in multiple human diseases. Among these modifications, elevations in levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), a major product of hydroxyl radical addition to tyrosine, has been observed in a number of pathologies. Here we report the first proteome survey of endogenous site-specific modifications, i.e. DOPA and its further oxidation product dopaquinone in mouse brain and heart tissues. Results from LC-MS/MS analyses included 50 and 14 DOPA-modified tyrosine sites identified from brain and heart, respectively, whereas only a few nitrotyrosine-containing peptides, a more commonly studied marker of oxidative stress, were detectable, suggesting the much higher abundance for DOPA modification as compared with tyrosine nitration. Moreover, 20 and 12 dopaquinone-modified peptides were observed from brain and heart, respectively; nearly one-fourth of these peptides were also observed with DOPA modification on the same sites. For both tissues, these modifications are preferentially found in mitochondrial proteins with metal binding properties, consistent with metal-catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation from mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. These modifications also link to a number of mitochondrially associated and other signaling pathways. Furthermore, many of the modification sites were common sites of previously reported tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting potential disruption of signaling pathways. Collectively, the results suggest that these modifications are linked with mitochondrially derived oxidative stress and may serve as sensitive markers for disease pathologies.
Metasurfaces: Near‐Field Characterization of Higher‐Order Topological Photonic States at Optical Frequencies (Adv. Mater. 18/2021) (2021)

In article number 2004376 Andrea Alù, Alexander B. Khanikaev, and co-workers apply a near-field technique to investigate a higher-order topological photonic metasurface. They show that the near-field profiles reveal the topological nature of the optical modes (depicted as a torus). Topology manifests in the displacement of the Wannier center, giving rise to the topological dipole polarization and emergence of the topological boundary states observed in the optical near-field.
High heat flux cooling for silicon-on-silicon packaging (1989)

The authors report the first data on cooling of silicon substrates using pool boiling of Freon-12 and compare the results to liquid-jet impingement cooling of the same substrates. Heater fluxes of 2000 W/cm/sup 2/ at a maximum temperature rise of 50 K have been achieved using 16 jets impinging at 1 m/s. Pool boiling experiments have reached heater fluxes of 100 W/cm/sup 2/ with a 50 K temperature rise. Results from two-dimensional numerical simulation of the test section are in excellent agreement with the pool boiling data. These results indicate that both modes of cooling should be useful in cooling advanced packages. The authors demonstrate the use of monolithic integrated circuit fabrication techniques in the development of test sections for heat transfer measurements. A double-sided integrated circuit process has been used to fabricate a novel isothermal test section for direct measurement of heat transfer coefficients.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
‘License to drink’: White-collar female workers and Japan’s urban night space (2013)

This article examines the contradictory processes that have given women a greater access to Japan’s urban night space as the increasingly flexible work environment offered them white-collar employment opportunities and enhanced women’s economic resources, which in turn generated shifts in commercial practices to de-problematize drinking for women and a proliferation of diverse drinking venues. This study contends that these changes, which are largely commercially driven and not necessarily reflecting a stronger social acceptance of women drinking in public late at night by the broader Japanese society, nonetheless legitimize women’s place in the once male-dominated urban night space by recognizing women’s contributions to the night-time economy as consumers, hence affirming also the importance of white-collar work for women as a valid realm.
Profiling dataflow programs (2008)

As dataflow descriptions of media processing become popular, the techniques for analyzing and profiling the performance of sequential algorithms are no longer applicable. This paper describes some of the basic concepts and techniques for analyzing the computations described by dataflow programs, and illustrates them on an MPEG-4 decoder.
Optimization of Composition of Media for the Production of Extracellular Glucoamylase by Candida guilliermendii (2007)

The combined effects of macronutrients of media on glucoamylase production by Candida guilliermendii were studied using Design Of Experiment (DOE). A 2(P-k) factorial design was chosen to explain fifteen medium constituents: pH, Starch, Sucrose, Yeast extract, Peptone, NH4Cl (NH4)2HPO4, NH4NO3, CH4NO2 (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2, MnCl2, FeCl2, ZnCl2 and MgCl2 and analyse the results. This procedure limited the number of actual experiments performed while allowing for possible interactions between components. The p-value of the coefficient for quadratic effect of pH, starch and yeast extract concentration was < 0.001, suggesting that they were the main experimental variables having the highest effect on the production of glucoamylase. It was found that yeast extract had a great effect on glucoamylase production. The optimal combinations of media constituents for maximum which were chosen for further studies on production of glucoamylase were determined as 10 g L(-1) starch, 0.45 g L(-1) urea, 0.61 g L(-1) NH4NO3, 3 g L(-1) Yeast extract and 0.1 g L(-1) Mg SO4.
<p>A Reliable Approach for Assessing Size-Dependent Effects of Silica Nanoparticles on Cellular Internalization Behavior and Cytotoxic Mechanisms [Corrigendum]</p> (2020)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S224183.].
MATERIAL MOVEMENT WITHIN A SINGLE-SCREW EXTRUDER (2021)

In present-day economic conditions, extrusion is one of the advanced feedstuffs and food production processes involving intensive manifold heat and force action. During extrusion, the main function is performed by a compression mechanism which includes a forcing screw unit built into the cylinder (cowling). The forcing mechanism performs the task of transferring material while concurrently compressing it up to a required pressure and increasing the material’s temperature due to compression and friction against the cowling's sides. In our view, the first technique is appropriate when a material which is moving within the compression area is in viscous-flow state. The second technique is optimal for theoretical description of areas of loading, transportation, and compression (melting) where the working pressure is maintained.
Differential expression of oestrogen receptors in human secondary lymphoid tissues (2005)

Many autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occur much more frequently in women than in men. There is much evidence that oestrogen is the major cause of this gender difference. Interestingly, oestrogen relieves the symptoms of RA and SS but it exacerbates SLE. This contradictory effect of oestrogen on autoimmune diseases is not well understood. Most of the effects of oestrogen are mediated by two receptors: oestrogen receptor alpha and beta (ERalpha and ERbeta). To determine whether these contradictory effects of oestrogen relate to the involvement of distinct effects of the two ERs, we investigated expression of ERalpha and ERbeta in human secondary lymphoid tissues. We observed that, in tonsils, ERbeta is expressed in lymphocytes of germinal centres (GC) and the follicular mantle zone as well as in granulocytes, while ERalpha is expressed only in activated germinal centres but not in the follicular zone. ERbeta is the predominant ER in human leucocytes from peripheral blood, spleen and in leucocytes infiltrating cancers in both males and females. In addition, in different human lymphoma cell lines including Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, ERbeta is abundant while ERalpha is not detectable. Our results indicate that ERbeta is the predominant type of ER in mature lymphocytes. We suggest that ERalpha and ERbeta have distinct roles in secondary lymphoid tissues and that further studies with ERbeta-specific agonists will help to elucidate the role of ERbeta in these tissues.
Figure S2 from Application of Genomic Sequencing to Refine Patient Stratification for Adjuvant Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DFS amongst Leibovich risk groups stratified by genomic classifier&lt;/p&gt;