gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Task Model Personalization for Federated Supervised SVM in Heterogeneous Networks (2023)

Federated systems enable collaborative training on highly heterogeneous data through model personalization, which can be facilitated by employing multi-task learning algorithms. However, significant variation in device computing capabilities may result in substantial degradation in the convergence rate of training. To accelerate the learning procedure for diverse participants in a multi-task federated setting, more efficient and robust methods need to be developed. In this paper, we design an efficient iterative distributed method based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for support vector machines (SVMs), which tackles federated classification and regression. The proposed method utilizes efficient computations and model exchange in a network of heterogeneous nodes and allows personalization of the learning model in the presence of non-i.i.d. data. To further enhance privacy, we introduce a random mask procedure that helps avoid data inversion. Finally, we analyze the impact of the proposed privacy mechanisms and participant hardware and data heterogeneity on the system performance.
A label-free electrochemical impedance aptasensor for cylindrospermopsin detection based on thionine–graphene nanocomposites (2015)

It is important to develop methods to determine cylindrospermopsin (CYN) at trace levels since CYN is a kind of widespread cyanobacterial toxin in water sources. In this study, a label-free impedimetric aptasensor has been fabricated for detecting CYN. In this case, the amino-substituted aptamer of CYN was covalently grafted onto the surface of the thionine-graphene (TH-G) nanocomposite through the cross-linker glutaraldehyde (GA). The reaction of the aptamer with CYN was monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy because the CYN induced conformation change of the aptamer can cause a remarkable decrease of the electron transfer resistance. Under optimum conditions, the aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity and a low detection limit for CYN determination. The CYN can be quantified in a wide range of 0.39 to 78 ng mL(-1) with a good linearity (R(2) = 0.9968) and a low detection limit of 0.117 ng mL(-1). In addition, the proposed aptasensor displays excellent stability, reusability and reproducibility.
Statistical Methods and Applications of Bioassay (1987)

Over the past two decades, deadly coronaviruses, with the most recent being the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 2019 pandemic, have majorly challenged public health. The path for virus invasion into humans and other ...Read More
Analysis of Protein Processing by N-terminal Proteomics Reveals Novel Species-specific Substrate Determinants of Granzyme B Orthologs (2008)

Using a targeted peptide-centric proteomics approach, we performed in vitro protease substrate profiling of the apoptotic serine protease granzyme B resulting in the delineation of more than 800 cleavage sites in 322 human and 282 mouse substrates, encompassing the known substrates Bid, caspase-7, lupus La protein, and fibrillarin. Triple SILAC (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture) further permitted intra-experimental evaluation of species-specific variations in substrate selection by the mouse or human granzyme B ortholog. For the first time granzyme B substrate specificities were directly mapped on a proteomic scale and revealed unknown cleavage specificities, uncharacterized extended specificity profiles, and macromolecular determinants in substrate selection that were confirmed by molecular modeling. We further tackled a substrate hunt in an in vivo setup of natural killer cell-mediated cell death confirming in vitro characterized granzyme B cleavages next to several other unique and hitherto unreported proteolytic events in target cells.
Reaction Kinetics Analysis of Ethanol Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by MgO–SiO2 (2020)

The Mg-catalyzed dehydrogenation of ethanol to yield acetaldehyde is an important step in the Lebedev reaction. In this work, we prepared a model MgO–SiO2 catalyst by impregnation of MgO onto an SBA-15 support and used this material to study the reaction kinetics of ethanol dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde. The rates of acetaldehyde and ethylene production were measured for ethanol partial pressures ranging from 0.92 to 5.25 kPa. Both rates are fractional order at 723 K, decreasing to nearly zero-order at 648 K. Consistent with the literature for MgO–SiO2 Lebedev catalysts, both basic sites and Lewis acidic sites were observed on this catalyst. The rates of both acetaldehyde and ethylene were inhibited by pyridine but not by 2,6-ditertbutylpyridine, suggesting that both reactions involve not only basic but also Lewis acidic sites. To elucidate the origin of this cooperativity, a microkinetic model was constructed using a recently published mechanism for the Lebedev reaction catalyzed by MgO. The model was fit to our data using four fitting parameters. The fitting suggests that adsorbed ethanol and hydrogen atoms have a weaker bond with mixed-oxide MgO–SiO2 catalysts than with bulk MgO catalysts, which we attribute experimentally to an increase in the number of moderate-strength Mg2+–O2– site pairs formed at the expense of strongly basic MgO sites.
Magnetic properties of acicular ultrafine iron particles (2002)

Magnetic properties of acicular (/spl sim/60 and /spl sim/200 nm) iron particles, obtained by reduction of alumina-coated goethite particles, are reported. X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy showed that the particles consist of an /spl alpha/-Fe core and a thin surface layer of maghemite. Magnetization data indicated an improvement of /spl sim/28% in the saturation magnetization, coercive field, and squareness for particles with /spl sim/60 nm. This magnetic property enhancement of the present particles, whose size is 40% smaller than those commercially available, could result in a similar decrease of the bit-size for higher density of magnetic media.
A Lithium/Dissolved Sulfur Battery with an Organic Electrolyte (1979)

Prototype cells of the configuration Li/∼5M S as , THF, have been characterized with regard to capacity, rate, and rechargeability. Virtually 100% of the theoretical capacity could be realized at 50°C at rates below 1.0 mA/cm2. In high rate cell configurations, 75% cathode utilization is possible at ∼4 mA/cm2 (C/3–C/4 rate). The capacities at high rate are enhanced by Lewis acids, although the ultimate cause of rate limitation is passivation of the current collector by discharge products. The self‐discharge rates of Li in contact with 4–5M S (as ) solutions reveal capacity losses of 0.5%/day at 25°C to 4.4%/day at 71°C. Based on the experimental results, a practical energy density of ∼300 W‐hr kg−1 is possible using a standard cell design. Results on the battery's rechargeability are briefly reviewed.
Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Oxidation of the Monocyclic Diterpenoid β-Cembrenediol by P450 BM3 (2015)

Late-stage oxyfunctionalization of terpenoid scaffolds has been recognized as a powerful tool in the synthesis of complex molecules such as natural products to achieve their efficient diversification. Selective C–H oxidation of such hydrocarbon scaffolds remains challenging for chemical catalysts because of their insufficient regio- and stereoselectivity. To achieve this goal, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are often used as biocatalysts. Here, we demonstrate the successful P450-catalyzed chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective oxidation of the tobacco cembranoid β-cembrenediol. This 14-membered macrocycle possesses a broad range of biological activities including antitumor-promoting and neuroprotective effects and carries seven potential sites for allylic hydroxylation as well as three epoxidation sites. On the basis of first-sphere active site mutagenesis, we generated in a few rounds a P450 BM3 minimal library and screened for β-cembrenediol oxidation activity. Several P450 BM3 variants were evolved, enabling the regioselective hydroxylation of the neighboring positions C-9 (100% regioselectivity and a diastereomeric ratio of 89:11 in the case of the F87A/I263L mutant) and C-10 (97% regioselectivity and a diastereomeric ratio of 74:26 in the case of the L75A/V78A/F87G mutant) of β-cembrenediol.
Power-Saving Technology by Power Management (2013)

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Motion Programs for Multi-Agent Control: From Specification to Execution (2010)

Presented at the Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems, Budapest, Hungary, July 2010.
Evidence for cytochrome b5 as an electron donor in ricinoleic acid biosynthesis in microsomal preparations from developing castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) (1992)

The major b-type cytochrome in microsomal membrane preparations from developing endosperm of castor bean (Ricinus communis) was cytochrome b5. Cytochrome P-450 was also present. The microsomal membranes had delta 12-hydroxylase activity and catalysed the NAD(P)H-dependent hydroxylation of oleate to yield ricinoleic acid. CO had no effect on the hydroxylase activity. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were raised against the hydrophilic cytochrome b5 fragment purified from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) floret microsomes. The anti-(cytochrome b5) IgG inhibited delta 12-hydroxylase, delta 12-desaturase and cytochrome c reductase activity in the microsomes. The results indicate that electrons from NAD(P)H were transferred to the site of hydroxylation via cytochrome b5 and that cytochrome P-450 was not involved.
On-chip testing of MEMS using pseudo-random test sequences (2004)

This paper presents a method for an on-chip fast and accurate broadband determination of MEMS behaviour. This technique is based on impulse response (IR) evaluation using pseudo-random Maximum-Length Sequences (MLS). The MLS approach is capable of providing vastly superior dynamic range in comparison to the straightforward technique using an impulse excitation and is thus an optimal solution for measurements in noisy environments and for low-power test signals. The use of a pseudo-random sequence for testing makes the practical on-chip implementation very efficient in terms of the extra hardware required for on-chip testing. We will exemplify this technique for the case of MEMS structures such as cantilevers and bridges, by determining their mechanical and thermal behaviour using just electrical tests.
Three Methods of Pelvic Fixation for Scoliosis in Children With Cerebral Palsy (2018)

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Repeated Intracoronary Injections of Contrast Media Additive Hemodynamic and Electrophysiologic Effects in a Dog Model (1993)

Repeated injections of contrast media cause greater cardiac hemodynamic and electrophysiologic effects than a single injection during selective coronary arteriography.
A fast packet scheduling algorithm to provide QoS for streaming service in shared channels (2008)

Streaming service becomes an essential service in the third-generation cellular mobile network and its evolutions. Packet scheduling plays an important role in radio resource management to guarantee QoS of streaming service. In this paper, a novel fast packet scheduling algorithm called MAF (Minimum Ahead First) is proposed for HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink shared channel) in HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access). In the proposed algorithm, the streaming users which intend to transmit data exigently are scheduled with high priorities. Both the delay of packets in NodeB buffer and the data size in UE buffer are considered together as a parameter to indicate the exigent degrees of transmission. The performance of MAF algorithm combined with Max C/I and PF algorithms is analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed MAF algorithm achieves an improvement in term of providing QoS for streaming service. The different priority provided by the MAF algorithm with different thresholds for streaming service is also indicated by numeral results in several multi-service scenarios.
A sensor network for predicting and maintaining occupant comfort (2013)

This paper describes a sensor network that has been designed and deployed to monitor the environmental conditions within a large multi-use building. The conditions measured across this network include temperature, humidity, light levels, ambient sound level, room occupancy and an informal survey of occupant comfort level. The nodes were designed to be low cost with the intention that a significant number of them could be deployed around large buildings. In the initial study described in this paper, a network comprising 17 prototypes nodes has been deployed in a multi-use university building. The sensor network is Ethernet based and uses the building's existing infrastructure for communication with a central server which stores the recorded data. Preliminary analysis of the data collected from this sensor network over a period of 10 months combined with data from a local meteorological station and data from the building's fiscal energy meters is presented. The overall goal of the project is to use the data from the network to find more energy efficient methods of heating the building while maintaining occupant comfort. In particular, it is anticipated that the data collected from the network will identify parameters, other than temperature, which are indicative of occupant comfort. To determine this, the current work is focussed on building a classifier to predict occupant comfort level, given the data measured by the sensor nodes combined with data from a local weather station and the building's smart energy meters. Analysis of the identified model should indicate which variables most influence occupant comfort. The project also aims to produce a dataset which may be used for future research and aid design of sensor networks.
Radioimmunoassay of Porcine Alpha Fetoprotein (1979)

The development of a radioimmunoassay for porcine alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is described. Antibodies to AFP were produced in rabbits by injecting polyacrylamide gel slices containing AFP. Alpha fetoprotein was purified from amniotic fluid by ion exchange chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Alpha fetoprotein prepared in this manner was estimated to be >95% pure and was suitable as a reference standard for a radioimmunoassay. The radioimmunoassay was sensitive over a range of 0.6–34 ng. Levels of AFP in chorionic and amniotic fluids from 40-day-old fetal pigs from 8 sows were 171 ± 24 and 256 ± 20 µg/ml, respectively. Maternal serum levels were 16 ± 2 ng/ml at estrus and did not show a significant increase until Day 35 (23 ± 2 ng/ml) of gestation. From Day 50 to Day 110 of gestation, maternal serum levels of AFP were highest at Day 70 (58 ± 14 ng/ml); the values at this stage of gestation were quite variable, ranging from 21 to 180 ng/ml. Serum levels of AFP in boars were 16 ± 2 ng/ml and this AFP was shown to behave identically upon ion exchange chromatography to the AFP in a mixture of sera from boar and newborn pigs. The assay described provides a basis for determining correlations between AFP levels in fetal-maternal compartments and fetal survival and maturity in swine.
One- and three-dimensional infinite arrays of Cu(i) ions exhibited by [Cu(NH3)2]Br and [Cu(NH3)Cl] in the solid state (2003)

In the solid state, [Cu(NH3)Cl] forms a three-dimensional network with each Cu(I) ion being surrounded by three other Cu(I) centres in a trigonal-planar fashion [Cu...Cu = 2.979(1) A; cubic space group I2(1)3], whereas in [Cu(NH3)2]Br the cations establish infinite linear (Cu...Cu) chains spanning the crystal lattice [Cu...Cu = 2.931(1) A; monoclinic space group C2/c].
Methods and compositions for the upconversion of light (2023)

The present invention generally relates to composition and methods for upconverting light. In some embodiments, the composition and methods comprise an organic material, a nanocrystal, and a ligand capable of facilitating energy transfer between the nanocrystal and the organic material. In certain embodiments, the nanocrystal has a first excited energy state with an energy greater than a triplet state of the organic material. The organic material, in some embodiments, may be aromatic and/or include one or more pi-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds. In some cases, incident light may be absorbed by the nanocrystal to produce triplet excitons. The triplet excitons may then transfer from the nanocrystal to the organic material and undergo triplet-triplet annihilation, creating a singlet state of approximately twice the energy of the triplet exciton. In certain embodiments, the singlet state fluoresces, resulting in the formation of a high energy photon.
Hyperhydration with glycerol solutions (1987)

Glycerol was tested as an agent to promote hyperhydration of male and female subjects. Series I experiments involved ingesting 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 g glycerol/kg body wt and within 40 min drinking 0.1% NaCl, 21.4 ml/kg. In series II, 1.0 g glycerol/kg body wt was ingested at time 0, and 25.7 ml/kg of 0.1% NaCl was ingested over a 3.5-h period. Experiments were of 4-h duration and included controls without glycerol as each subject served as his/her control. Blood samples were taken at 40- or 60-min intervals for hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), plasma osmolality, glycerol, and multiple blood chemistry analyses. Urine was collected at 60-min intervals. Glycerol ingestion increased plasma osmolality for 2 h and reduced the total 4-h urine volume. There were no significant changes in Hb or Hct as a result of the glycerol or excess fluid intake. This study demonstrates that glycerol plus excess fluid intake can produce hyperhydration for at least 4 h.
On multiplication and avalanche breakdown in exponentially retrograded silicon P-N junctions (1963)

An analysis of avalanche breakdown in exponentially retrograded p-n junctions results in simple criteria for avoiding breakdown in such structures. Breakdown voltages are shown to be extremely dependent on the surface concentration and grading constant of the retrograded region. The effect of background resistivity on breakdown is also analyzed. Unusual saturation effects in the multiplication voltage curves of retrograded p-n diodes are predicted theoretically. Experimental results point towards a confirmation of this theory.
Matching the waveform and the temporal window in stimulus generation. (2009)

The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a signal that is windowed with a rectangular window having duration TD is given by the coefficients of the Fourier series for a periodic waveform having period TD. This periodic waveform is “matched” to the rectangular window because of a special relationship between the components of the windowed signal (windowed sine or cosine functions) and the harmonics of the periodic waveform (sine or cosine functions). Component m of the windowed signal is orthogonal to harmonic n of the waveform (m≠n). If the window (overall duration TD) is not rectangular, the DFT still corresponds to a periodic waveform having period TD, but that waveform is not matched to the window because the components of the windowed signal are not orthogonal to the harmonics of the periodic waveform. If the window has raised-cosine edges, with durations τ, on either end, the components of the windowed signal are orthogonal to harmonics of a periodic waveform only if the period of the waveform is TD−τ, not TD. The distinction becomes important in generating stimuli for psychoacoustical and physiological experiments. [Work supported by the NIDCD, Grants DC00181 and DC00100.]
Charge control in a ribbon beam high current ion implanter (2003)

Wafer charge control has evolved from systems that add gas to the beam or extract electrons from an external source to systems that respond directly to beam potential and current density via an externally coupled plasma. The capability of a plasma to add low energy electrons to an ion beam greatly exceeds the ability of any extracted electron system due to space charge effects. However, even plasma coupled charge neutralization systems still show that effective charge control is more difficult as the beam current density increases. Further improvements have often been obtained by controlling the beam current density by deliberately increasing beam size. This can result in a loss of throughput and can result in possible contamination problems. An alternative approach to further improve charge control is to use a large area ribbon beam, which offers a very low beam current density during high current implantation. This paper presents results for wafer charging on a ribbon beam implanter, the Varian VIISta 80, incorporating a Plasma Flood Gun for charge control. These results are based on sensitive antenna structures using thin oxides with antenna ratios up to 100,000:1 and EEPROM devices.
Detonation Initiation via Imploding Shock Waves (2004)

An imploding annular shock wave driven by a jet of air was used to initiate detonations inside a 76 mm diameter tube.The tube was filled with a test gas composed of either stoichiometric ethylene-oxygen or propane-oxygen diluted with nitrogen.The strength of the imploding shock wave and the sensitivity of the test gas were varied in an e↵ort to find the minimum shock strength required for detonation of each test mixture.The results show that the minimum required shock strength increases with mixture sensitivity and suggest that impractically large shock driver pressures are required to initiate detonations in ethylene-air or propane-air mixtures when using this technique.Nomenclature t 23 Duration between wave arrival at ST2 and ST3 x 23 Distance between ST2 and ST3 M 23 Average Mach number between ST2 and ST3 P Pressure R Gas constant T Temperature u Velocity, lab frame w Velocity, shock-fixed frame
A Unified Treatment of Superposition Coding Aided Communications: Theory and Practice (2010)

In this tutorial, a unified treatment of the topic of SuperPosition Coding (SPC) aided communications systems is offered, where we focus our attention not only on the theoretical background of SPC but also on its implementation techniques. The design methodology of SPC aided communications transceivers is described, including the Multiple Level Modulation (MLM) concept, the corresponding iterative Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) aided receiver and the quasi-random coding principle. Building on these fundamental discussions, various future wireless applications of the SPC technique were provided, which encompass cooperative communications-assisted relay systems and cross-layer SPC aided multiplexed Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) techniques. Our discussions demonstrate that the SPC technique is a promising enabler for diverse future wireless communications scenarios, ranging from cellular networks to cooperative networks.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CO2 and Brine Interfacial Tension at High Temperatures and Pressures (2013)

Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to study the interfacial tension of CO2 and brine for a range of temperatures between 303 and 393 K and pressures from 2 to 50 MPa. The ions involved in this study are Na(+), Ca(2+), and Cl(-). The results indicate that the interfacial tension decreases with increasing pressure under any temperature condition but increases linearly with the molality of the salt solution. The density profiles calculated from the MD simulation results also indicate a positive excess of CO2 and a negative excess of ions at the interface. The charge of the ions was found to have a larger influence than their size on the interfacial tension, a result that consistent with experimental findings.