gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clonal expansion of antitumor T cells in breast cancer correlates with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (2016)

The immune microenvironment of tumor plays a critical role in therapeutic responses to chemotherapy. Cancer tissues are composed of a complex network between antitumor and pro-tumor immune cells and molecules; therefore a comprehensive analysis of the tumor immune condition is imperative for better understanding of the roles of the immune microenvironment in anticancer treatment response. In this study, we performed T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis of tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) in cancer tissues of pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) from 19 breast cancer patients; five cases showed CR (complete response), ten showed PR (partial response), and four showed SD/PD (stable disease/progressive disease) to the treatment. From the TCR sequencing results, we calculated the diversity index of the TCRβ chain and found that clonal expansion of TILs could be detected in patients who showed CR or PR to NAC. Noteworthy, the diversity of TCR was further reduced in the post-NAC tumors of CR patients. Our quantitative RT-PCR also showed that expression ratio of CD8/Foxp3 was significantly elevated in the post-NAC tumors of CR cases (p=0.0032), indicating that antitumor T cells were activated and enriched in these tumors. Collectively, our findings suggest that the clonal expansion of antitumor T cells may be a critical factor associated with response to chemotherapy and that their TCR sequences might be applicable for the development of TCR-engineered T cells treatment for individual breast cancer patients when their tumors relapse.
Comparison of Culture, PCR, and Different Serologic Tests for Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae Infections (2005)

In this study, the technical performance of culture, two commercially available polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, rapid plate agglutination (RPA) test, hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, and eight commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were compared for the detection of avian mycoplasma infections from 3 days postinfection (d.p.i.) through 35 d.p.i. The tests were carried out on samples from specified pathogen-free layers that were infected at 66 wk of age with recent Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) field strains, MS and MG ATCC strains, and Mycoplasma imitans (MIM), respectively. Results showed a high percentage of positive samples in the homologous infected groups and a high percentage of negative samples (100%) in the uninfected and heterologous infected groups during 35 d.p.i. of both culture and PCR tests. For the group infected with the MG 15302 ATCC strain, serology was more sensitive than bacteriology. All MG and MS tests, with the exception of MG ELISA kit D showed a lower percentage of positive samples during 35 d.p.i. for the detection of the MG and MS ATCC strain infection compared with that of the field strains. Also, the number of cross-reactions (false positives) in the serologic tests was lower after infection with an ATCC strain than after an infection with the MG or MS field strain. Contradictory to other studies, the ELISAs and the RPA test using undiluted serum showed a relatively high number of false-positive results. The MG ELISAs (except ELISA kit D) showed more false-positive results (up to 37%) in the MIM-infected group than in the MS-infected groups. This was not unexpected, as MIM and MG have a close antigenic relationship. The results of the serologic tests in this study showed that a certain level of false-positive results can be expected in about any serologic test. Although the level of false-positive results varied between several serologic tests, this study showed that it is not advisable to rely completely on one test (system) only.
Operations on Images Using Quad Trees (1979)

A quad tree for representing a picture is a tree in which successively deeper levels represent successively finer subdivisions of picture area. An algorithm is given for superposing N quad trees in time proportional to the total number of nodes in the trees. Warnock-type algorithms are then presented for building the quad tree for the picture of the boundary of a polygon, and for coloring the interior of such a polygon. These algorithms take O(v + p + q) time, where v is the number of polygon vertices, p is the polygon perimeter, and q is a resolution parameter. When the resolution q is fixed, these algorithms are asymptotically optimal.
Thermodynamics of free trions in mixed type quantum wells (1996)

An emission line which depends on the simultaneous presence of excitons and ∼1010 cm−2 photoexcited electrons in a 20nm quantum well is shown to be due to free negatively charged excitons (“trions”). We have measured the temperature dependence of the exciton and trion lifetimes and of the excitontrion ratio, and demonstrate that the trion is a free particle analogous to the negative positronium ion. The binding energy is 1.3 meV and the lifetime is 14 of that of the exciton. Both lifetimes increase with temperature, as expected for a free particle. The intensity of the trion line relative to the exciton line is a good measure of the electron density.
Synthesis of ketamine metabolites I and II and some anomalous reactions of 6-bromoketamine (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of ketamine metabolites I and II and some anomalous reactions of 6-bromoketamineRobert F. Parcell and Joseph P. SanchezCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 25, 5055–5060Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00338a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00338a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1195Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Effect of peptide with histidine and isoleucine amide on isolated circular muscle of portal vein of guinea pig]. (1985)

Effect of peptide with histidine and isoleucine amide on isolated circular muscle of portal vein of guinea pig	Xiang WEI%Wen-Hsiung LEE%Zao-chen YANG%Haruaki YAJIMA	A synthetic porcine peptide with NH-terminal histidine and isoleucine amide (PHI) was found to decrease tensive increment of isolated circular muscle of guinea pig portal vein induced by methoxamine(4 microM) at concentrations of 0.067-2.2 microM.The effect of PHI(pD2=6.0) was similar(P>0.05) to that of isoprenaline(pD2=6.4). The action of PHI was not affected by propranolol(6.8 microM) and atropine(1.4 microM), but antagonized by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide(VIP) antiserum. These results suggest that the effect of PHI on the tension of the circular muscle to guinea pig portal vein is not related to adrenoceptors and cholinoceptors but probably to VIP receptors.
An application of 3D spiral visualization to the Uchida-Kraepelin psychodiagnostic test (2014)

Psychodiagnostic tests are used by hospitals, schools, companies, etc. Their effectiveness has been observed as tests that can reveal the internal and external status of the subject in detail. The data or the results of psychodiagnostic tests are very difficult to interpret by non-professionals. The resulting data is numerous, making it very difficult to read and interpret. The levels of understanding will vary depending on the cognitive ability and experience of the researcher or counselor interpreting the results. This study takes the results from psychodiagnostic tests and displays them as an easily understood 3D graph. The 3D graph is displayed as a spiral shape through ‘Processing’. The Uchida-Kraepelin psychodiagnostic test (U-K test) is used on over one million people each year by hospitals, schools, companies, etc. The purpose of this study is to use the 3D spiral to display the U-K test's calculation of workload and to emphasize the use of color on the 3D spiral visualization. A version with colors visible to colorblind people is used in conjunction with the 3D spiral visualization; the usage of color displays the U-K calculation of workload for non-colorblind people, while a colorblind-accessible version is used for colorblind people. The graphs produced in the study were given to professionals, non-professionals and colorblind people for evaluation.
Measurement of Ionization Energies of Nitrogen in 4H-SiC by Traveling-Wave Method (2013)

The impurity bands and corresponding ionization energies of nitrogen atoms in a 4H-SiC crystal with a concentration of 1×10 19 cm -3 are measured by a nondestructive and noncontact traveling-wave method. When a SiC sample was placed near the surface of a surface acoustic wave device, its conductivity can be obtained by measuring the attenuation of the piezo-potential traveling-wave grazing along the surface of the sample. Temperature-dependent conductivities corresponding to a freeze-out process of free carriers excited from nitrogen atoms were observed, and the corresponding ionization energies of the nitrogen atoms were estimated by the Arrhenius plot method. The ionization energies in the impurity bands originating from splits of the doping atoms at cubic and hexagonal sites in the carbon sublattice are 72.89 and 47.89 meV, respectively, at room temperature. The ionization energies are in good agreement with the results reported in other theoretical and experimental studies. We also found that the skin depth of the traveling wave in the sample is below 1 mm and that the mobility of the carriers is strongly affected by both ionized dopants and charged surface defects in the depletion region near the surface of the sample. The effects of the sample and traveling wave such as the polarization effects of the crystal and the frequency effects of the traveling wave are discussed.
Mesh Tape Exposure Following Tension‐free Vaginal Tape (2016)

This chapter discusses mesh procedure-related complications, citing the case of a 48-year-old woman who had a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The only type of mesh that should ever be used during urinary incontinence procedures or pelvic reconstructive surgery for prolapse is type I. Vaginal mesh exposure typically presents with vaginal discharge and bleeding, and the partner may complain of pain during intercourse. The woman described in the case history presented with total urinary obstruction immediately following surgery. Definitive intervention for the treatment of obstruction is dictated by the degree of obstruction. Patients presenting with mesh exposure must be fully informed of their complication and referred to a surgeon experienced in treating these complications. Small mesh fiber exposure may respond to simple trimming in the office. Treatment of larger segments of exposed mesh usually consists of surgical excision of the exposed mesh.
FDTD Computation of Space/Time Integrated Electromagnetic Lagrangian: New Insights into Design of Mutually Coupled Antennas (2021)

In this paper, we develop a formalism based on electromagnetic Lagrangian which provides new insights about the near-field reactive energy density around generic antennas for arbitrary spatio-temporal excitation signals. Using electric and magnetic fields calculated via FDTD technique and interpolation routines, we compute the EM Lagrangian density around antennas (thin-wire dipoles and Yagi-Uda Arrays). Spatial maps of time-integrated EM Lagrangian density sheds light onto the capacitive/inductive nature of reactive energy density distribution around antennas and highlight its inherent connection with inter-element mutual coupling.
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-2 Is a Mediator of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Influx in Ocular Bacterial Infection (2000)

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected cornea are required to clear bacteria from affected tissue, yet their persistence may contribute to irreversible tissue destruction. This study examined the role of C-X-C chemokines in PMN infiltration into P. aeruginosa-infected cornea and the contribution of these mediators to disease pathology. After P. aeruginosa challenge, corneal PMN number and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and KC levels were compared in mice that are susceptible (cornea perforates) or resistant (cornea heals) to P. aeruginosa infection. While corneal PMN myeloperoxidase activity (indicator of PMN number) was similar in both groups of mice at 1 and 3 days postinfection, by 5-7 days postinfection corneas of susceptible mice contained a significantly greater number of inflammatory cells. Corneal MIP-2, but not KC, levels correlated with persistence of PMN in the cornea of susceptible mice. To test the biological relevance of these data, resistant mice were treated systemically with rMIP-2. This treatment resulted in increased corneal PMN number and significantly exacerbated corneal disease. Conversely, administration of neutralizing MIP-2 pAb to susceptible mice reduced both PMN infiltration and corneal destruction. Collectively, these findings support an important role for MIP-2 in recruitment of PMN to P. aeruginosa-infected cornea. These data also strongly suggest that a timely down-regulation of the host inflammatory response is critical for resolution of infection.
Urea Memory: Transient Cell Exposure to Urea Causes Persistent Mitochondrial ROS Production and Endothelial Dysfunction (2018)

Urea at post-dialysis levels induces increased ROS in a number of cell types. The aim of this study was to determine whether urea-induced production of ROS remains elevated after urea is no longer present, and, if it does, to characterize its origin and effects. Human arterial endothelial cells were incubated with 20 mM urea for two days, and then cells were incubated for an additional two days in medium alone. Maximal ROS levels induced by initial urea continued at the same level despite urea being absent. These effects were prevented by either MnSOD expression or by Nox1/4 inhibition with GKT13781. Sustained urea-induced ROS caused a persistent reduction in mtDNA copy number and electron transport chain transcripts, a reduction in transcription of mitochondrial fusion proteins, an increase in mitochondrial fission proteins, and persistent expression of endothelial inflammatory markers. The SOD-catalase mimetic MnTBAP reversed each of these. These results suggest that persistent increases in ROS after cells are no long exposed to urea may play a major role in continued kidney damage and functional decline despite reduction of urea levels after dialysis.
Structures of the neutral oligosaccharides isolated from A-active human gastric mucin. (1984)

Alkaline borohydride reductive cleavage of the mucin, purified from gastric aspirates of the secretors with blood group A, resulted in a heterogeneous population of neutral (79.7%) and acidic (20.3%) oligosaccharide alditols. Nine oligosaccharides (I-IX), ranging from 6 to 15 sugar units, have been purified from the neutral oligosaccharide fraction. Based on the results of immunological assays, sugar composition, degradation with specific exoglycosidases, and methylation analyses, we propose the following structures for these oligosaccharides: (sequence in text)
Synthesis and Protonation Behavior of Comblike Poly(ethyleneimine) (2003)

Comblike poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) with −(CH2CH2)N(CH2CH2NH2)− as the repeating unit has been synthesized by employing a protecting group strategy, and analyzed by potentiometric titration. If the degree of protonation is plotted as a function of pH, the titration curve shows three protonation steps separated by two intermediate plateaus, namely one at a degree of protonation of 1/2 and a second one at 3/4. The first protonation step occurring at pH around 9.5 corresponds to the protonation of the primary amine groups on the side chains. During the second protonation step at pH around 4.5 every second tertiary amine protonates. The final protonation step, where the remaining tertiary amines protonate, is suspected to occur in a pH range near 0. The latter point and the detailed protonation mechanism are deduced on the basis of a site-binding model. The model, which has been independently calibrated on titration data of low molecular weight amines, is capable to predict the titration curve quantitatively to a good degree of accuracy.
ATPase activity of the UvrA and UvrAB protein complexes of theEscherichia coliUvrABC endonuclease (1989)

We have analyzed the ATPase activity exhibited by the UvrABC DNA repair complex. The UvrA protein is an ATPase whose lack of DNA dependence may be related to the ATP induced monomer-dimer transitions. ATP induced dimerization may be responsible for the enhanced DNA binding activity observed in the presence of ATP. Although the UvrA ATPase is not stimulated by dsDNA, such DNA can modulate the UvrA ATPase activity by decreases in Km and Vm and alterations in the Ki for ADP and ATP-gamma-S. The induction of such changes upon binding to DNA may be necessary for cooperative interactions of UvrA with UvrB that result in a DNA stimulated ATPase for the UvrAB protein complex. The UvrAB ATPase displays unique kinetic profiles that are dependent on the structure of the DNA effector. These kinetic changes correlate with changes in footprinting patterns, the stabilization of protein complexes on DNA damage and with the expression of helicase activity.
Structure and Function of Murine αIIbβ3 (GPIIb/IIIa): Studies Using Monoclonal Antibodies and β3-null Mice (2000)

Summary The αIIbβ3 receptor (GPIIb/IIIa) is the only platelet-specific integrin receptor and the most abundant adhesion/aggregation receptor on the surface of human platelets. Since mice are increasingly being used as models of human disease, we analyzed the structure and function of murine platelet αIIbβ3, utilizing both β3 integrin-deficient mice, who have a phenotype that resembles Glanzmann thrombasthenia, and our hamster monoclonal antibody (mAb) 1B5 to murine αIIbβ3. By immunoblot analysis, flow cytometry, and mAb binding studies, mouse platelets express abundant amounts of αIIbβ3 (60-80,000 copies/platelet). Like their human counterparts, murine αIIb and β3 exhibit different electrophoretic motilities under nonreducing (αIIb 135k Da; β3 92k Da) and reducing (αIIb 120k Da; β3 108k Da) conditions, and the αIIbβ3 complex is dissociated by EDTA at pH 8 and 37 ºC. Murine β3 is less susceptible to proteolysis by plasmin than is human β3. In addition to defective platelet aggregation, mouse platelets lacking αIIbβ3 and αVβ3 are unable to adhere to fibrinogen and prothrombin, but retain the ability to adhere to fibronectin and collagen. Following platelet activation, β3-null platelets express slightly less P-selectin than do wild-type mouse platelets. Moreover, β3-null platelets have altered tyrosine phosphorylation patterns following thrombinand collagen-induced aggregation. These results suggest fundamental similarities between human and mouse platelet activation and aggregation, but delineate subtle differences that need to be considered when comparing studies from mice and humans.
Stress, strains and resistance1 (1995)

1. Stress describes the bird's defence mechanisms and a stressor is the situation that elicits the defence response. 2. As the environment can be viewed as a composite of interacting stressors, the bird's success in coping with its environment depends on the severity of the stressors and the physiological ability to respond properly and thus maintain homeostasis. 3. The neural, endocrine and more recently immune systems are considered to be integrators of the stress response. Although stress responses may be necessary for survival in wild bird populations, they are often detrimental to efficient growth, skeletal integrity and disease resistance in domesticated fowl. 4. Stress responses are modified by the genetic components.
Coronary Gas Endarterectomy (1971)

Gas endarterectomy has been utilized in 14 patients to secure a complete surgical correction of the totally occluded and diffusely diseased right coronary artery. In ten patients we studied angiographically, patency was demonstrated in nine instances. In five of these patients the reopened right coronary artery was seen to be filling the left coronary tree from many branches now free of disease. It is our impression that coronary gas endarterectomy is the procedure of choice for correction of the diffusely diseased right coronary artery.
High-temperature SAW electrodes based on Ir-Rh thin films (2016)

International audience
Superconductor Electronics and Power Applications [Point of View] (2012)

There are advantageous, unique applications of superconductivity that are already in use and others that will be realized in the coming years and decades. The quantum nature of superconductivity that fascinated many of us in the 1960s continues to lead to new inventions in electronics. And the remarkable current carrying properties of superconductors, including the high temperature materials, will continue to lead to new, more efficient power applications.
Image appearance modeling and high-dynamic-range image rendering (2004)

Recently, the field of color appearance modeling has been extended further into the spatial and temporal domains through efforts known as image appearance modeling. Image appearance models have applications in rendering and visualization of image data, cross-media image and video reproduction, and image quality specification. This presentation provides an overview of one such model, iCAM, illustrates several examples of its application, and reviews a psychophysical experiment aimed at evaluating iCAM and other algorithms for tone mapping of high-dynamic-range (HDR) images. Initial psychophysical results for HDR image rendering indicates that the Durand and Dorsey [2002] algorithm produces the most preferred results in a general sense. A full technical report on this work can be found at . Example iCAM code and further references can be found at .