gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Co‐Digestion of Food Waste at Wastewater Treatment Plants (2019)

Abstract It is well established that the addition of food waste and similar feedstock to municipal wastewater anaerobic digesters, a practice known as co‐digestion, can be used to increase the production of biogas. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the practice and considerations for food waste co‐digestion for engineers and planners. Items discussed include the rationale for the practice of co‐digestion, including legal requirements, excess capacity, potential revenue, and sustainability goals. Details on food waste sources, conducting a food waste survey, and food waste collection programs are discussed. This report also contains a review of considerations for food waste loading to an anaerobic digester, including potential challenges and costs.
Genetic basis of glycogen storage disease type 1a: prevalent mutations at the glucose-6-phosphatase locus. (1995)

Diagnosis of glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1a currently is established by demonstrating the lack of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity in the patient's biopsied liver specimen. Recent cloning of the G6Pase gene and identification of mutations within the gene that causes GSD type 1a allow for the development of a DNA-based diagnostic method. Using SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing, we characterized the G6Pase gene of 70 unrelated patients with enzymatically confirmed diagnosis of GSD type 1a and detected mutations in all except 17 alleles (88%). Sixteen mutations were uncovered that were shown by expression to abolish or greatly reduce G6Pase activity and that therefore are responsible for the GSD type 1a disorder. R83C and Q347X are the most prevalent mutations found in Caucasians, 130X and R83C are most prevalent in Hispanics, and R83H is most prevalent in Chinese. The Q347X mutation has thus far been identified only in Caucasian patients, and the 130X mutation has been identified only in Hispanic patients. Our results demonstrate that the DNA-based analysis can accurately, rapidly, and noninvasively detect the majority of mutations in GSD type 1a. This DNA-based diagnosis now permits prenatal diagnosis among at-risk patients and serves as a database in screening and counseling patients clinically suspected of having this disease.
THE KINETICS OF INDIUM-111-NEUTROPHIL UPTAKE AND SURVIVAL IN INFECTED WOUND CYLINDERS IN THE DOG. (1987)

Price, David C.; Paty, Philip B.; Graeff, Ronald W.; Mathes, Stephen J. Author Information
The Effect of Oral Diltiazem on Airway Reactivity to Methacholine and Exercise in Subjects with Mild Intermittent Asthma (1987)

The effect of increasing doses of oral diltiazem on airway reactivity to methacholine was evaluated in 10 volunteers with mild asthma. Then the highest tolerated dose was compared with placebo in preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Methacholine challenges were performed 1 h before and 100 min after placebo or after 30, 60, 90, 120, or 180 mg of oral diltiazem, given in a single-blind, crossover manner on different days within 2 wk. Diltiazem, at doses above 60 mg prolonged the P-R interval of the electrocardiograph but had no significant effect on FVC, FEV1, or FEF25-75. The mean +/- SEM ratio of the dose of methacholine required to produce a 20% decrease in FEV1 (PD20) after diltiazem to the PD20 before diltiazem, i.e., the fold increase in PD20, was not significantly different from placebo at any dose: 0.93 +/- 0.11 after placebo, 1.2 +/- 0.1 after 30 mg, 1.3 +/- 0.3 after 60 mg, 1.2 +/- 0.2 after 90 mg, 1.1 +/- 0.1 after 120 mg, and 1.0 +/- 0.1 after 180 mg. One hundred minutes before a standardized exercise challenge, 120 to 180 mg of oral diltiazem and identically appearing placebo tablets were administered in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design on separate days at least 48 h apart. The mean +/- SEM maximal postexercise decrease in FEV1 was 25.5 +/- 3.3% after placebo and 17.0 +/- 4.8% after diltiazem (p less than 0.01). There was no correlation between change in FEV1 and serum concentrations of diltiazem or its active metabolite desacetyldiltiazem.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Synthesis of Unidirectional Porous-Structured Aluminum through Explosive Compaction Using Cylindrical Geometry (2017)

A method for synthesizing a unidirectional porous (UniPore) aluminum structure employing a cylindrical explosive compaction assembly is proposed and the condition for successful recovery is discussed. The microstructure of the compacted samples is demonstrated to show tight bonding between the walls with uniform pores oriented in one direction. The compacting process is numerically simulated by the Autodyn code and the results are similar to the experimental results. The results of compression tests showing a plateau region are also demonstrated.
Mechanisms of Yellow and Red Photoluminescence in Wurtzite and Cubic GaN (1998)

The origin of two "deep" photoluminescence (PL) emissions observed in wurtzite (yellow PL) and cubic (red PL) GaN is discussed. PL and time-resolved PL studies confirm donor-acceptor pair character of the yellow band in wurtzite GaN and point to participation of shallow donors in this emission. A similar PL mechanism is proposed for the red emission of cubic GaN. We further show a puzzling property of both yellow and red PLs. Both yellow and red emissions show spatial homogeneity and are only weakly dependent on surface morphology.
Long-lasting Hyperalgesia Induced by Fentanyl in Rats (2000)

Fentanyl activates NMDA pain facilitatory processes, which oppose analgesia and lead to long-lasting enhancement in pain sensitivity.
Association Between Age at Diabetes Onset and Subsequent Risk of Dementia (2021)

In this longitudinal cohort study with a median follow-up of 31.7 years, younger age at onset of diabetes was significantly associated with higher risk of subsequent dementia.
Fluctuations in butyrate-producing bacteria in ulcerative colitis patients of North India (2013)

Our observations indicate that decreases in members of the clostridial cluster resulting in reduced butyrate levels contribute to the etiology of UC.
An Adaptive EKF-FMPC for the Trajectory Tracking of UVMS (2019)

This paper addresses the trajectory tracking problem for the constrained dynamical underwater vehicle-manipulator system (UVMS) in the presence of dynamic uncertainties, sensory measurement noises, and time-varying external disturbances. An adaptive robust fast computational optimal control scheme is presented for the large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) constrained dynamical UVMS. The structure of our proposed scheme is based on a fast incremental model predictive controller (MPC) embedded with an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The EKF estimation part is used to compensate the unmodeled uncertainties, sensory noises, and external disturbances. The fast MPC (FMPC) part is a trajectory-tracking controller designed by the terminal constrained MPC with an approximately fast computational cost function, which guarantees the optimal batch control process satisfying the state and input constraints. By resorting to a Lyapunov-based stability analysis, the proposed FMPC is proved to be asymptotically stable with a monotonic decrease in the cost function, and can guarantee the tracking performance of the constrained dynamical UVMS. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified through a series of comparative simulations of a six-degree-of-freedom (6DOF) vehicle-6DOF manipulator system.
Expressive visual text-to-speech as an assistive technology for individuals with autism spectrum conditions (2016)

Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) experience marked difficulties in recognising the emotions of others and responding appropriately. The clinical characteristics of ASC mean that face to face or group interventions may not be appropriate for this clinical group. This article explores the potential of a new interactive technology, converting text to emotionally expressive speech, to improve emotion processing ability and attention to faces in adults with ASC. We demonstrate a method for generating a near-videorealistic avatar (XpressiveTalk), which can produce a video of a face uttering inputted text, in a large variety of emotional tones. We then demonstrate that general population adults can correctly recognize the emotions portrayed by XpressiveTalk. Adults with ASC are significantly less accurate than controls, but still above chance levels for inferring emotions from XpressiveTalk. Both groups are significantly more accurate when inferring sad emotions from XpressiveTalk compared to the original actress, and rate these expressions as significantly more preferred and realistic. The potential applications for XpressiveTalk as an assistive technology for adults with ASC is discussed.
BPDZ 154 Activates Adenosine 5′-Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channels:In VitroStudies Using Rodent Insulin-Secreting Cells and Islets Isolated from Patients with Hyperinsulinism (2002)

A novel ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) channel agonist, BPDZ 154 (6,7-dichloro-3-isopropylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide), was synthesized, and its effects on insulin-secreting cells were evaluated using electrophysiology, (86)Rb(+) and (45)Ca(2+) efflux, and RIA determinations of insulin secretion. BPDZ 154, an analog of diazoxide, inhibited both glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated perifused islets and the secretion of insulin induced by glucose and tolbutamide. These effects were mediated by the activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels because BPDZ 154 induced a concentration-dependent increase in channel activity that was inhibited by the sulfonylurea tolbutamide and the imidazoline efaroxan. In beta-cells isolated from patients with either nontypical hyperinsulinism (preserved K(ATP) channel function) or from the control areas of the pancreas of patients with focal hyperinsulinism, BPDZ 154 activated K(ATP) channels and was found to be more effective and less readily reversible than diazoxide. By contrast, it was not possible to activate K(ATP) channels by either diazoxide or BPDZ 154 in beta-cells from patients with hyperinsulinism as a consequence of defects in K(ATP) channel function. In beta-cells isolated from a patient with pancreatic insulinoma, K(ATP) channels were readily recorded and modulated by BPDZ 154. These data suggest that BPDZ 154 or BPDZ 154-like compounds may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of certain forms of hyperinsulinism.
Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Quality of Chinese Cabbage Kimchi (2001)

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on pH, titratable acidity, color, hardness and microorganisms of Chinese Cabbage Kimchi were investigated. Kimchi was pressurized at MPa for 5 min. There were no significant differences in color and hardness between control and pressurized Kimchi (p>0.05). Total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria were effectively inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure above 400 MPa. Changes in pH, titratable acidity, color, hardness and microbial counts for 4 weeks storage of Kimchi were investigated Kimchi was pressurized at 400 MPa for 5 min and stored at . The pH of control decreased to 3.94 but pressurized Kimchi maintained its initial pH value throughout the storage. The color of control showed significantly low values compared with pressureized Kimchi (p0.05). Total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria in the control were reduced from the initial value of CFU/mL to CFU/mL after 4 weeks storage. Whereas microbial counts in pressurized Kimchi was maintained about CFU/mL during storage.
Expression of gamma/delta T cell receptors on lymphocytes from the lactating mammary gland. (1990)

gamma/delta cells were at least four times more frequent in lactating mouse mammary glands than among T cells of the most proximal lymph nodes. Two-color staining of freshly isolated T cells and a study of clonally expressed gamma/delta receptors on hybridomas further revealed that the mammary gamma/delta population is heterogeneous, including at least three different subsets, among them cells expressing V gamma 5, V gamma 4 together with V delta 4, or none of these V regions.
RELATION OF OTOLARYNGOLOGIC DISEASE TO MENTAL DISEASE (1928)

During the past decade marked changes have taken place in the methods of diagnosing mental diseases and in treating patients afflicted with them. Throughout many generations the mind and both its normal and abnormal functioning were considered as something separate and apart from the rest of the body. Gradually, however, as the result of painstaking research, investigators came to believe that mental disorders were but an expression of abnormal cell changes or functions in the same manner that nephritis and other purely physical conditions represented a structural change or faulty action of one or more organs of the body. Furthermore, they felt convinced that various alterations in mental operations in many instances represented the results of various toxins produced in the course of pathologic physical disease. They cited as examples the deliria of typhoid fever and pneumonia, the confusions and intellectual impairment in cardiorenal and general arteriosclerotic conditions, the
Computing and executing strategies for moving target search (2011)

We address the problem of searching for moving targets in large outdoor environments represented by height maps. To solve the problem we present a complete system that computes from an annotated height map a graph representation and search strategies based on worst-case assumptions about all targets. These strategies are then used to compute a schedule and task assignment for all agents. We improve the graph construction from previous work and for the first time present a method that computes a schedule to minimize the execution time. For this we consider travel times of agents determined by a path planner on the height map. We demonstrate the entire system in a real environment with an area of 700,000m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in which eight human agents search for two intruders using mobile computing devices (iPads). To the best of our knowledge this is the first demonstration of a search system applied to such a large environment.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tris(3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxybenzyl)phosphine. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of Piston Friction with a Floating Liner Engine for Heavy-Duty Applications (2022)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The further increase in the efficiency of heavy-duty engines is essential in order to reduce CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions in the transport sector. This is also valid for the future use of alternative fuels, which can be CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-neutral, but can cause higher total costs of ownership due to higher prices and limited availability. In addition to thermodynamic optimization, the reduction of mechanical losses is of great importance. In particular, there is a high potential in the piston bore interface, since continuously increasing cylinder pressures have a strong influence on the frictional and lateral piston forces. To meet these future challenges of increasing heavy-duty engine efficiency, AVL has developed a floating liner engine for heavy-duty applications based on its tried and tested passenger car floating liner concept. This article describes the concept of the friction single-cylinder engine developed to measure both the frictional forces and the lateral forces that occur between the piston assembly and cylinder liner during fired engine operation. Four force sensors convert the floating movement of the liner group into the corresponding frictional force. Due to the crank angle based measurement, a very detailed analysis of measures to increase mechanical efficiency of the piston bore interface is possible. In addition, the frictional power can be derived and used to evaluate the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; potential of the technologies investigated. The design of the single-cylinder engine has a high degree of flexibility to enable quick component changes and the use of different cranktrains. In a first study, a variation in the crankshaft offset and the potential of this measure to increase engine efficiency are investigated. The results show a clear influence of the cranktrain geometry on the lateral piston force and also on the frictional force during the upstrokes and downstrokes. This measurement campaign confirms the possibilities of the system to contribute to the development of future highly efficient heavy-duty engines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Magnetohydrodynamical 3-D effects on output performance of small scale MHD generator with inlet swirl (1998)

The 5MWth MHD generator at Hokkaido University is designed as a swirl type generator in order to make the fuel reside for a sufficient time in a combustor. Effects of the swirl need to be considered to simulate the channel performance correctly. However study of MHD generator with inlet swirl is not reported so far. In this paper three dimensional phenomena and output performance of 5MWth MHD generator with inlet swirl at Hokkaido University are studied by three dimensional analysis. The flow processes in the MHD channel are represented by the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. The flow in the MHD channel is predominantly in the axial direction, so that the parabolic approximation is adopted. The electrical governing equation consist of Maxwell equations and generalized Ohm's law. The infinite segmentation assumption is used for these equation. The magnetic Reynolds number is much smaller than unity, so that the applied magnetic field is given independently of the other quantities. The maximum magnetic field strength is 2.11T. The working gas is the combustion product of kerosene and oxygen at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. The fluid is seeded with K{sub 2}SO{sub 4} such that the combustion gas contains 1 wt% potassium. The thermodynamical andmore » electrical properties are expressed in terms of fourth-order polynomials of pressure and enthalpy. In this calculation two different inlet conditions with different inlet mass flow rate are analyzed. One condition is the inlet mass flow rate = 0.58Kg/s and the other condition is the inlet mass flow rate = 0.63Kg/s. In this study three-dimensional flow in MHD generator with inlet swirl is simulated. Analyzed conditions are as follows. (1) inlet condition with no swirl, (2) inlet condition with swirl A : = 27.47m/s = 14.93m/s, (3) inlet condition with swirl B : = 51.90m/s = 28.42m/s. The calculation results is as follows. (A) inlet mass flow rate = 0.58Kg/s. The regions where temperature drops are generated by rotational swirl flow. The electrical conductivity falls at these regions, so that electrical potential is affected as well as conductivity. The electrode voltage drops at both anode and cathode increases compared with no swirl condition. And the drop of electrical conductivity decreases the Faraday current Jy. Consequently the output power of the MHD generator decreases and such effect is remarkable in case of strong secondary flow due to swirl. (B) inlet mass flow rate = 0.63Kg/s. In the case of swirl A output power decreases as well as the case of inlet mass flow rate = 0.58Kg/s. On the other hand in the case of swirl B output power increases when compared with no swirl condition.« less
Aggregate solar variability (2012)

Under future high solar power penetration, variability in the solar `fuel' for solar power plants is often thought to cause large short-term voltage fluctuations on distribution feeders and intra-hour load following requirements in balancing areas. Solar power output from 86 photovoltaic (PV) systems in San Diego Gas & Electric territory, the 48 MW Sempra Generation Copper Mountain, and six pyranometers on the UC San Diego microgrid are analyzed to quantify actual variability. The correlation in power output between sites at various distances, aggregate power output variability, and worst-case variability occurrences are analyzed. The variability reduction factor was shown to depend on the ratio of distance between sites and timescale of interest. Consequently, given the size of typical distribution feeders, power output variability on time scales less than 10 minutes is independent, and aggregate variability only grows with the square root of the number of sites. A wavelet variability model (WVM) for simulating solar PV powerplant output given a single irradiance point sensor timeseries was calibrated using the data. The WVM allows studying scenarios for aggregate variability using different feeder and PV configurations. Variability at longer (hourly) time scales is more correlated and can lead to large changes in aggregate power output over one hour. The effects of specific meteorological conditions, such as coastal marine layer clouds on occurrence of large ramps are investigated for coastal Southern California.
Collaborative Multithreading: An Open Scalable Processor Architecture for Embedded Multimedia Applications (2006)

Numerous approaches can be employed in exploiting computation power in processors such as superscalar, VLIW, SMT and multi-core on chip. In this paper, a UniCore VisoMT processor is proposed, which unifies VLIW and multithreading by providing an efficient control and data communication model, while offering explicit parallelisms for embedded applications. The architecture concurrently executes a main thread and several accelerative threads, coordinated by the main thread. A switch-based register-file is provided for fast data exchange between these accelerative threads. Moreover, a SMT helper function unit is employed for controlling and resource-sharing between accelerative threads, and an event-driven mechanism is introduced for synchronization between the main thread and these accelerative threads. Our results show that the proposed architecture provides area and performance advantages for embedded multimedia applications
Hungary in the Late Eighteenth Century: The Decline of Enlightened Despotism. By Béla K. Király. [East Central European Studies of Columbia University.] (New York: Columbia University Press. 1969. Pp. x, 295. $9.75.) (1970)

Hungary in the Late Eighteenth Century: The Decline of Enlightened Despotism. By Béla K. Király. [East Central European Studies of Columbia University.] (New York: Columbia University Press. 1969. Pp. x, 295. $9.75.) Hungary in the Late Eighteenth Century: The Decline of Enlightened Despotism. By Király Béla K.. [East Central European Studies of Columbia University.] (New York: Columbia University Press. 1969. Pp. x, 295. $9.75.) George Barany George Barany University of Denver Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 75, Issue 4, April 1970, Pages 1157–1158, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/75.4.1157 Published: 01 April 1970
Influence of triacylglycerol composition on the baking performance of palm-based puff pastry margarines (2019)

peer reviewed
Dissimilatory Reduction of Inorganic Sulfur by Facultatively Anaerobic Marine Bacteria (1973)

THREE STRAINS, SELECTED FROM A LARGE NUMBER OF NEWLY ISOLATED, FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC MARINE BACTERIA, REDUCED INORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS OTHER THAN SULFATE ANAEROBICALLY IN DEFINED CULTURE MEDIA IN THE FOLLOWING DIFFERENT PATTERNS: (i) sulfite and thiosulfate were reduced to sulfide, and tetrathionate was reduced to thiosulfate; (ii) tetrathionate was reduced to thiosulfate only; or (iii) thiosulfate was reduced to sulfide only when pyruvate was the substrate. Comparison of anaerobic growth in the presence or absence of inorganic sulfur compounds indicated true dissimilatory reductions.