gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A receiver based protecting protocol for wireless multi-hop networks (2005)

Nowadays most medium access protocols designed for wireless ad hoc networks are based on collision avoidance strategies like the CSMA/CA based IEEE 802.11 protocol. But these types of protocols are not designed for multi-hop scenarios -- the efficiency of the channel utilization is too low which results in, among others, large packet delays. One popular approach to increase the channel utilization is to reserve time slots along a transmission path, thus having a scheduled access. However, a major problem is interference from nearby nodes, although these nodes are not on the same route. This might lead to destruction of ongoing data receptions. In this paper we suggest a new reservation protocol, called JamTDMA. It offers protection against this effect by advertising the reservations in a larger neighborhood. We will show that this protocol allows to improve the rate of successfully received packets while assuring an upper bound for the end-to-end delay.
Stem Cells and Chronic Lung Disease (2006)

Stem cells have been shown to contribute to the repair and regeneration of injured lungs. These stem cells are resident in specific protected niches in the lung, or they can be mobilized from the bone marrow and recruited from the circulation in the setting of severe injury. Normal repair of the airway involves regeneration of the airway epithelium by stem cells in both the proximal airway and distal airspace, whereas aberrant repair of the lung may result from stem cells that lead to fibrosis. The stem cell niche in the lung is probably critical in determining whether "good" or "bad" stem cells are involved in local repair, and therefore whether fibrosis predominates. There is much excitement about the possibility of harnessing stem cells for repair and regeneration of the lungs. This review highlights current knowledge of this area and identifies gaps in our understanding of this complicated process.
Modeling of defects in integrated circuit photolithographic patterns (1984)

In a previous paper by the same author the foundation was laid for the theory of photolithographic defects in integrated circuits. This paper expands on the earlier one and shows how to calculate the critical areas and probability of failure for dense arrays of wiring. The results are used to determine the nature of the defect size distribution with electronic defect monitors. Several statistical techniques for doing this are described and examples are given.
Microbial based therapy of cancer: A new twist to an age old practice (2004)

The use of bacteria in the regression of tumors has long been known. Various approaches for using bacteria in cancer therapy include the use of bacteria as sensitizing agents for chemotherapy, as delivery agents for cancer drugs and as agents for gene therapy. The tumor regression stimulated by infecting microorganisms has been attributed to activation of the immune system of the host. However, recent studies indicate that when tumor-harboring mice with defective immune systems are infected with certain microorganisms, the regression of the tumor is still observed, suggesting that there are other host factors contributing to the microbial associated regression of tumors. Since the use of live or attenuated bacteria for tumor regression has associated toxic effects, studies are in progress to identify a pure microbial metabolite or any component of the microbial cell that might have anti-cancer activity. It has now been demonstrated that a redox protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a cupredoxin, can enter into human cancer cells and trigger the apoptotic cell death. In vivo, this cupredoxin can lead to the regression of tumor growth in immunodeficient mice harboring xenografted melanomas and breast cancer tumors without inducing significant toxic effects, suggesting that it has potential anti-cancer activity. This bacterial protein interacts with p53 and modulates mammalian cellular activity. Hence, it could potentially be used as an anti-cancer agent for solid tumors and has translational value in tumor-targeted or in combinational-biochemotherapy strategies for cancer treatments. Here, we focus on diverse approaches to cancer biotherapy, including bacteriolytic and bacterially-derived anti-cancer agents with an emphasis on their mechanism of action and therapeutic potential.
Enantioseparation of Tedizolid phosphate by RP-HPLC, using ??-Cyclodextrin as a Chiral Mobile Phase Additive (2017)

Objective: Enantiomeric separation and quantification of S-enantiomer of Tedizolid phosphate drug substance. Material and method: A simple and sensitive reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP -HPLC) method is developed by using -cyclodextrin ( -CD) as a chiral mobile phase additive. Effect of the pH value of aqueous buffer, concentration of chiral additive, composition of mobile phase, and column temperature on the enantioseparation of Tedizolid phosphate was investigated on the Phenomenex Luna, Phenyl-Hexyl, 250 x 4.6mm, 5m HPLC column. A satisfactory resolution was achieved at column temperature 20C using a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of aqueous buffer of pH 7.0 of disodium hydrogen phosphate with additive -cyclodextrin, triethylamine and acetonitrile. This analytical method was evaluated by performing method validation as per ICH guideline. Results: The calibration curve was plotted within the concentration range between 0.30 and 2.25 g mL -1 and the recoveries between 96.9 and 105.3% were obtained, with regression coefficient R 2 is 0.998. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of S-enantiomer of Tedizolid phosphate is 0.10 and 0.30 g mL -1 Conclusion: The developed method was demonstrated to be accurate, robust and sensitive for the determination of enantiomeric purity of Tedizolid phosphate drug substance.
A Thromboxane Analog Increases Pulmonary Capillary Pressure but Not Permeability in the Perfused Rabbit Lung (1991)

Thromboxane has been implicated as a mediator of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary edema in acute respiratory failure. Pulmonary edema may result from increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure or from increased pulmonary vascular permeability. We therefore studied the effects of a stable thromboxane analog, U46619, on these two parameters in the perfused rabbit lung. Pulmonary capillary pressure was measured by the double vascular occlusion method, and pulmonary vascular permeability was estimated by measurement of the pulmonary fluid filtration coefficient (Kf). U46619 infusion produced pulmonary hypertension and lung weight gain; increased both the arterial (precapillary) and venous (postcapillary) components of pulmonary vascular resistance; and increased pulmonary capillary pressure from 4.7 +/- 0.5 to 9.0 +/- 0.7 mmHg (P less than 0.01). The isogravimetric pressure (equivalent to the capillary pressure corresponding to no lung weight gain) was 4.0 +/- 0.4 mmHg before U46619 and 4.6 +/- 0.4 mmHg during U46619. Therefore, U46619 significantly increased capillary pressure above isogravimetric pressure and resulted in the development of pulmonary edema. U46619 did not affect vascular permeability as measured by Kf. We conclude that pulmonary venoconstriction resulting in increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure is the major mechanism by which thromboxane produces pulmonary edema in isolated lungs.
A distributed timing analysis framework for large designs (2016)

Given ever-increasing circuit complexities, recent trends are driving the requirement for distributed timing analysis (DTA) in electronic design automation (EDA) tools. However, DTA has received little research attention so far and remains a critical problem. In this paper, we introduce a DTA framework for large designs. Our framework supports (1) general design partitions in distributed file systems, (2) non-blocking IO with event-driven loop for effective communication and computation overlap, and (3) an efficient messaging interface between application and network layers. The effectiveness and scalability of our framework has been evaluated on large hierarchical industry designs over a cluster with hundreds of machines.
International standards for color television (1967)

As outlined in a recent issue of IEEE Spectrum (June 1966, pp. 59-68), it was hoped that last summer's meeting of the CCIR in Oslo would result in the recommendation of a single color television system for adoption throughout Europe and other parts of the world. However, such a recommendation was not forthcoming, chiefly because no one of the systems considered is overwhelmingly superior to the others from the point of view of performance or cost. This article describes the similarities and differences between the various systems proposed and points out the manufacturing alternatives should a multiplicity of standards eventually be adopted.
Effect of insulin, transferrin and selenium and epidermal growth factor on development of buffalo oocytes to the blastocyst stage in vitro in serum‐free, semidefined media (2002)

The in vitro development of buffalo oocytes up to the blastocyst stage was studied in serum-free, semidefined media containing bovine serum albumin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin, transferrin and selenium (ITS) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In experiment 1, oocytes aspirated from abattoir-derived ovaries were cultured in eight serum-free, semidefined culture media containing different combinations of these four factors. In experiment 2, the maturation of buffalo oocytes and the development of the embryos were compared in a complex co-culture system and in the serum-free, semidefined media. Supplementation with FSH and EGF significantly (P < 0.05) increased the maturation rates of buffalo oocytes, and the yield of blastocysts was higher (P < 0.05) in media containing EGF and ITS. The yield of blastocysts was lower in the serum-free semidefined media (P < 0.05) than in the complex co-culture system.
Managing the configuration complexity of distributed applications in Internet data centers (2006)

In this article we examine the challenges faced by data center administrators when deploying and configuring Web applications. We discuss how the configuration dependencies of these Web applications cut across software stacks, network layers, and middleware container boundaries. We argue that the deployment and configuration process requires the combined expertise from multiple domains such as application, middleware, network, security, reliability, and performance. We review the model-based tools available today to manage the configuration complexity of these applications and introduce a new tool that extends the existing state of the art by automatically generating actionable distributed deployment models using model transformation techniques. The key idea behind this new tool is the principle of separation of concerns: developers capture the logical structure of the application in a model, best practices experts define deployment model transformation rules, deployers specify the required deployment patterns, and an operator provides a model describing the data center resources. The tool automatically finds solutions based on these four inputs and executes the deployment.
ANATOMIC STUDY OF THE ACETABULAR RIM USING A NAVIGATION SYSTEM (2008)

Purpose of the study: The anterior rim of the arthroplasty cup can overhang the bone in certain situations: oversized cup, insufficient anteversion, insufficient ace-tabular reaming, cylindrospherical reaming overriding the acetabular opening. The straight or concave shape of the anterior wall of the acetabulum also affects prosthetic overhang. The purpose of this anatomic study was to use a navigation system to quantify, in vitro, the height of the iliopubic psoas notch. Material and methods: Sixty-eight acetabuli from 34 cadaver pelvi free of osteoarthritis (13 male and 21 female) were analyzed using the Stryker™ hip navigation system. Morphological data were collected for mathematical processing which defined the diameter and the center of the articular surface. Results: Considerable intra- and inter-individual differences in the shape of the acetabular rim were noted and quantified, particularly concerning the psoas notch. When the lateral view of the acetabular rim is projected onto a plane it produces a succession of three summits and three valleys explaining the difficulty encountered in obtaining a precise mean plane for the acetabular opening. Discussion: More or less pronounced protrusion of the cup could explain potentially painful anterior impingement of the psoas, especially for certain types of acetabular morphology.
Vehicle breakdown duration modelling (2005)

This paper analyzes the characteristics of vehicle
breakdown duration and the relationship between
the duration and vehicle type, time, location, and
reporting mechanisms. Two models, one based on
fuzzy logic (FL) and the other on artificial neural networks
(ANN) were developed to predict the vehicle
breakdown duration. One advantage of these methods
is that few inputs are needed in the modeling.
Moreover, the distribution of the duration does not
affect the results of the prediction. Predictions were
compared with the actual breakdown durations
demonstrating that the ANN model performs better
than the FL model. In addition, the paper advocates
for a standard way to collect data to improve the
accuracy of duration prediction.
Changes in Thy1 gene expression associated with damaged retinal ganglion cells. (2001)

Thy1 mRNA abundance and expressing cells, decreased in advance of detectable ganglion cell loss caused by three different modalities of damage. This change is independent of the committed step of cell death.
Salt Antagonism of Glyphosate (1991)

Glyphosate is often applied with diammonium sulfate to increase weed control. However, many other salts in the spray carrier have antagonized glyphosate phytotoxicity. Research was conducted with wheat as a bioassay species to further determine the influence of various salts on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Cation antagonism of glyphosate occurred with iron &gt; zinc &gt; calcium ≥ magnesium &gt; sodium &gt; potassium. Ammonium cation with hydroxide or most other anions was not antagonistic. Anions of ammonium compounds were of primary importance in overcoming glyphosate antagonistic salts, while the ammonium cation was neutral or slightly stimulatory with certain anions. Sulfate, phosphate, citrate, and acetate anions were not antagonistic, but nitrate and chloride anions were slightly antagonistic when applied as ammonium salts or acids. Antagonism of glyphosate action by sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride was overcome by phosphoric, sulfuric, and citric acid and phosphate, sulfate, and citrate ammonium salts. Acid and ammonium salts of nitrate and chloride were more effective in overcoming sodium bicarbonate than calcium chloride antagonists of glyphosate. Ferric sulfate antagonism was overcome only by citric, partly by phosphoric and sulfuric but not by nitric and hydrochloric acids or their ammonium salts. Acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium hydroxide did not overcome any salt antagonism of glyphosate. Glyphosate response to salts was independent of spray carrier pH.
A user's guide to non-volatile, on-chip analogue memory (1998)

On-chip, non-volatile analogue memory is essential in hardware implementations of many of the early stages of signal processing, including neural network preprocessors and other adaptive sensor fusion amplifiers. Such storage is also desirable for trimming analogue circuits electronically and for parameter retention on power-down. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art from a designer&apos;s perspective, highlighting the promises and problems associated with a range of approaches.
An MRI-based time-domain speech synthesis system (2006)

A speech synthesis system was developed based on Maedas method [S. Maeda, Speech Commun. 1, 199–229 (1982)], which simulates acoustic wave propagation in the vocal tract in the time domain. This system has a GUI interface that allows fine control of synthesis parameters and timing. In addition, the piriform fossae were included to the vocal tract model, resulting in antiresonances in speech spectra at the frequency region from 4 to 5 kHz. The system can produce all the Japanese phonemes using vocal tract area-functions (VTAFs) extracted from 3-D cine-MRI obtained during production of VCV or CVCV sequences for a male speaker. The system can be used to synthesize Japanese sentences with high naturalness and intelligibility by concatenating segmental units and controlling the glottal source using the GUI interface. Since a time-varying VTAF is obtained by interpolating between VTAFs, the dataset size of the system is significantly smaller than that of corpus-based speech synthesizers. The speaker-specific VTAFs and inclusion of the piriform fossae permit us to reproduce speaker-specific spectral shapes, not only the lower formants but also higher frequency regions that contribute to the perception of speaker individualities. [Work supported by NICT, SCOPE-R, and Grant-in-And for Scientific Research of Japan.]
XPS Study on Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]- and AlPO[sub 4]-Coated LiCoO[sub 2] Cathode Material for High-Capacity Li Ion Batteries (2007)

International audience
Function Robust and Asymmetric Polymer Vesicles. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
A CMOS compatible micromachined yaw-rate sensor (2002)

We introduce a silicon yaw-rate sensor that can be manufactured using CMOS processing and micromachining. The basic device is a movable-gate-field-effect transistor. The gate structure is released by chemical etching and resonated in the plane of the substrate using Lorentz forces exerted on it when current is passed through the gate in the presence of a magnetic field. Interaction between the resonating gate structure and applied yaw results in a Coriolis force that pushes the gate structure towards or away from the substrate. This movement of the gate is detected by probing the drain current of the transistor. The principles and design of the sensor as well as aspects of its manufacture are discussed.
Clinical Importance of Accurate Refractor Vertex Distance Measurements Prior to Refractive Surgery (2002)

Precise measurement of true refractor vertex distance is important for accuracy of refractive surgical procedures. The practice of assuming an average vertex distance of 12 to 14 mm for all refractive patients underestimates the vertex distance in many patients refracted at the refractor, resulting in overcorrecting minus and undercorrecting plus refractions.
Probing the Shielding Properties of Aptameric Protective Groups (2014)

Site-specific derivatization of chemically equivalent functional groups has recently been facilitated by the introduction of high-affinity aptamers as non-covalent protective groups. More specifically, a series of RNA aptamers have proven to be highly efficient in enhancing the regioselectivity of reactions with the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin B, which carries several chemically indistinguishable amino and hydroxy groups. Since small-molecule targets tend to exhibit multiple modes of binding with a single aptamer, the impact of secondary binding sites on the regioselectivity should be considered. To address this issue, we investigated a series of well-characterized RNA aptamers that bind neomycin B and propose a mechanism that accounts for the regioselective outcome of these transformations. We further demonstrate that the regioselectivity induced by non-covalent aptamer protective groups is determined by the number of binding sites, their affinity, and the mode of interaction with the guest molecule.
Role of Surface Negative Charge in Platelet Function Related to the Hyperreactive State in Estrogen-Treated Prostatic Carcinoma (1982)

The relationship between platelet surface negative charge and hyperfunction was examined by determining electrophoretic mobility (EPM), aggregability, and sialic acid of platelets in prostatic cancer, prostatic cancer with estrogen, prostatic cancer with estrogen and aspirin, prostatic hypertrophy, and healthy aged males. Estrogen treated prostatic cancer patients had significantly higher platelet EPM. A good linear correlation was found between sialic acid and EPM (r = 0.97, p less than 0.001). EPM was negatively correlated with primary aggregations by adrenaline and ADP but not with secondary or maximum aggregations, suggesting increased surface negative charge may inhibit primary aggregation. Estrogen and platelet population changes influenced surface negative charge. Neuraminidase removal of platelet surface sialic acid resulted in dose-dependent decreases of EPM which paralleled decreases in sialic acid. Aspirin treated patients and platelets incubated with aspirin in vitro both showed increased platelet EPM. These results suggest that platelet surface negative charge may directly affect platelet function.
Likelihood of a marine vessel accident from wind energy development in the Atlantic (2015)

Abstract Offshore wind energy development is planned for areas off the Atlantic coast. Many of the planned wind development areas fall within traditional commercial vessel routes. In order to mitigate possible hazards to ships and to wind turbines, it is important to understand the potential for increased risk to commercial shipping from the presence of wind farms. Risk is identified as the likelihood that an occurrence will happen, and the consequences of that occurrence, should it occur. This paper deals with the likelihood of commercial vessel accidents, because of the development of offshore wind energy along the US Atlantic coast. Using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, historical shipping routes between ports in the Atlantic were identified, from Maine to the Florida Straits. The AIS data were also used as inputs to a numerical model that can simulate cargo, tanker and tug/towing vessel movement along typical routes. The model was used to recreate present day vessel movement, as well as to simulate future routing that may be required to avoid wind farms. By comparing the present and future routing of vessels, an analysis of potential maritime accidents was used to determine the increased marginal risk of vessel collisions, groundings and allisions with stationary objects, because of the presence of wind farms. The outcome of the analysis showed little increase in vessel collisions or allisions, and a decrease in groundings as more vessels were forced seaward by the wind farms. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Eigenvalue and eigenvector decomposition of the discrete Fourier transform (1972)

The principal results of this paper are listed as follows. 1) The eigenvalues of a suitably normalized version of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) are <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">{1, -1,j, -j}</tex> . 2) An eigenvector basis is constructed for the DFT. 3) The multiplicities of the eigenvalues are summarized for an N×N transform as follows.