gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sign Inference for Dynamic Signed Networks via Dictionary Learning (2013)

Mobile online social network (mOSN) is a burgeoning research area. However, most existing works referring to mOSNs deal with static network structures and simply encode whether relationships among entities exist or not. In contrast, relationships in signed mOSNs can be positive or negative and may be changed with time and locations. Applying certain global characteristics of social balance, in this paper, we aim to infer the unknown relationships in dynamic signed mOSNs and formulate this sign inference problem as a low-rank matrix estimation problem. Specifically, motivated by the Singular Value Thresholding (SVT) algorithm, a compact dictionary is selected from the observed dataset. Based on this compact dictionary, the relationships in the dynamic signed mOSNs are estimated via solving the formulated problem. Furthermore, the estimation accuracy is improved by employing a dictionary self-updating mechanism.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Macitentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, in Combination with Temozolomide Leads to Glioblastoma Regression and Long-term Survival in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4. Macitentan suppresses activation of AKT and MAPK signaling pathways on glioma cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells in TMZresistant D54Res glioblastomas.&lt;/p&gt;
A highly selective inhibitor of IκB kinase, BMS‐345541, blocks both joint inflammation and destruction in collagen‐induced arthritis in mice (2003)

IKK plays a key role in CIA in mice, and inhibitors of this enzyme represent a promising target for the development of novel agents to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. BMS-345541 represents the first example of an inhibitor of IKK that has antiinflammatory activity in vivo.
Model predictive control of a grid-connected inverter to reduce current ripples and computation loads (2017)

This paper proposes the model predictive control with the space vector modulation (MPC-SVM) method for the current control of the voltage source inverter (VSI). Unlike the conventional MPC method using the limited number of voltage vectors by switching states, the various voltage vectors can be taken into account to find the optimized voltage vector in the proposed method. The various voltage vectors are obtained by subdividing existing voltage vectors more. Among them, some voltage vectors, which are determined by the reference voltage angle (Oref) and magnitude dVrefi), are used to calculate the cost function to mitigate high computational load during the prediction. The various voltage vectors and SVM reduce the current ripples in the output AC side of the inverter compared to the conventional MPC method. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed method are verified by PSIM simulation and experimental results with a three-phase two-level voltage source grid-connected inverter.
Analysis of prenatal and gestational care given to women with epilepsy (1998)

We identified specific omissions of appropriate vitamin supplementation, genetic counseling, and drug level monitoring. Educational efforts should be targeted to improve the management of pregnancy in women with epilepsy.
A Comparison of Naproxen Sodium to Propranolol Hydrochloride and a Placebo Control for the Prophylaxis of Migraine Headache (1985)

SYNOPSIS A 17 week, double‐blind, randomized, parallel, multicenter study compared naproxen sodium 550 mg bid, propranolol hydrochloride 40 mg tid, and placebo in 129 patients with classical or common migraine. Daily efficacy data were collected during the 12 week full treatment phase. Characteristics measured included headache days, headache severity, nausea, vomiting and visual disturbances. Patients and investigators, separately, rated the overall response and tolerance to the medication at the end of the trial. Patients' daily records revealed a trend toward superiority in the reduction of headache frequency, headache severity, nausea and visual disturbances for naproxen sodium and propranolol hydrochloride when compared to the placebo. In the overall evaluation of therapeutic response, both patients and investigators favored naproxen sodium in comparison with placebo. In a similar paired comparison the patients, but not the investigators, judged the overall response to propranolol better than placebo. In the overall evaluation of tolerance, both the patients and investigators favored propranolol hydrochloride. The majority of patients reported a high incidence and severity of gastrointestinal complaints associated with naproxen sodium treatment than propranolol hydrochloride treatment. The incidence and severity of nongastrointestinal complaints related to naproxen and propranolol hydrochloride treatment were comparable. Headache activity occurring before and after the onset of menses was analyzed for a subset of 30 patients. Those treated with naproxen sodium experienced lesser headache frequency and severity during the week prior to menses, compared with the week after onset of menses. The difference in severity in the naproxen sodium treated patients was statistically significant when compared to the placebo treated patients and approached significance when compared to the propranolol hydrochloride treated patients. In this study naproxen sodium was shown to be an effective prophylactic medication for migraine. A long‐term study, to confirm these findings, seems warranted.
Bicyclo[3.2.1]DNA: über die strukturelle und energetische Rolle der Furanose-Einheit bei der Komplementärstrang-Erkennung von DNA (2000)

Trotz eines flexiblen Abstandshalters zwischen Base und Rückgrat bleiben in Bicyclo[3.2.1]DNA die grundlegenden Strukturmerkmale der DNA erhalten, z. B. die selektive Watson-Crick-Basenpaarbildung (siehe Bild) mit antiparalleler Stranganordnung im Duplex.
1-HYDROXYAMINO ALKYL PHOSPHONIC AND PHOSPHINIC ACIDS (1991)

Abstract The removal of the benzyl protecting group of 1-benzyloxyamino alkyl phosphonic and phosphinic acids and their N-acetylated derivates was effected by boron tris(trifluoroacetate) (BFTA) or by catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) with ammonium formate and 10% Pd/C. The corresponding 1-hydroxyamino acids were obtained with yields ranging 60-80%.
Facial Expression During Emotional Monologues in Unilateral Stroke: An Analysis of Monologue Segments (2007)

Emotional monologues of brain-damaged subjects were examined to determine whether interhemispheric or intrahemispheric differences exist for facial emotional expression. A special feature was the comparison of expressions produced during the initial, middle, and last segments of the monologues. Videotaped emotional and non-emotional monologues from the New York Emotion Battery (Borod, Welkowitz, & Obler, 1992) of eight right brain-damaged (RBD), eight left brain-damaged (LBD), and eight normal control (NC) subjects, with matching for demographics and lesion location, were rated. Five raters were trained to evaluate the emotional intensity and category accuracy of the facial expressions produced during these monologues. Results revealed some support for a reversed valence effect, with RBDs showing relatively less accurate performance during positive monologues. Intrahemispheric results revealed that, overall, RBDs with frontal lobe lesions showed the least intense facial expressions. Segment analysis found that individuals produced facial expressions with significantly more emotional intensity during the middle and last thirds of the monologues than during the initial third of the monologues. Findings indicate intrahemispheric as well as interhemispheric differences in facial emotional expression and suggest the utilization of the latter parts of monologues in the evaluation of emotional expression, which has potential clinical implications.
Induction of the Cystine/Glutamate Exchanger SLC7A11 in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells by the Antipsoriatic Drug Monomethylfumarate (2013)

MMF stimulates multiple pathways in retinal cells that potentiate cellular events leading to the upregulation of genes/mechanisms that function to protect retina against various forms of insult; upregulation of system xc(-) is one such consequence. To our knowledge, this is the first report that fumarate esters, compounds already employed clinically for other indications, are effective in retina via xc(-) induction. This novel, hitherto unknown mechanism helps to explain the antioxidant feature of these compounds and highlights their therapeutic potential in retina.
Th17/IL-17A Might Play a Protective Role in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Immunity (2013)

Th17 cells, a recently discovered subset of T helper cells that secrete IL-17A, can affect the inflammation process autoimmune and cancer diseases development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of Th17 cells and IL17A in biology of CLL. The study group included 294 untreated CLL patients in different clinical stages. Here, we show that higher Th17 and IL-17A values were associated with less advanced clinical stage of CLL. Th17 cells' percentages in PB were lower in patients who died due to CLL during follow-up due to CLL (as compared to surviving patients) and in patients responding to first-line therapy with fludarabine-based regimens (as compared to non-responders). IL-17A inversely correlated with the time from CLL diagnosis to the start of therapy and was lower in patients who required treatment during follow-up. Th-17 and IL-17A values were lower in patients with adverse prognostic factors (17p and 11q deletion, CD38 and ZAP-70 expression). CLL patients with detectable IL-17A mRNA in T cells were in Rai Stage 0 and negative for both ZAP-70 and CD38 expression. Th17 percentages positively correlated with iNKT and adversely with Treg cells. The results of this study suggest that Th17 may play a beneficial role in CLL immunity.
Neutral-particle wake method for measuring the atmospheric temperature from a satellite (1972)

A method is described that permits a satellite-borne neutral mass spectrometer to perform measurements of the atmospheric temperature. The method employs the spectrometer to examine the partial pressure variations that occur as the wake of a small rectangular baffle is swept across the entrance orifice of the spectrometer. For a given baffle size and mounting distance from the orifice the depth of the resulting pressure minimum depends only upon the thermal velocity, or temperature, of the observed species. A check upon the validity of the method is obtained by measuring the wake characteristics of more than one species and/or by employing each of several baffle sizes.
[Nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation]. (1995)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical produced enzymatically in biological systems from the guanidino group of L-arginine. Its large spectrum of biological effects is achieved through chemical interactions with different targets including oxygen (O2), superoxide (O2o-) and other oxygen reactive species (ROS), transition metals and thiols. Superoxide anions and other ROS have been reported to react with NO to produce peroxynitrite anions that can decompose to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydroxyl radial (OHo). Thus, NO has been reported to have a dual effect on lipid peroxidation (prooxidant via the peroxynitrite or antioxydant via the chelation of ROS). In the present study we have investigated in different models the in vitro and in vivo action of NO on lipid peroxidation. Copper-induced LDL oxidation were used as an in vitro model. Human LDL (100 micrograms ApoB/ml) were incubated in oxygene-saturated PBS buffer in presence or absence of Cu2+ (2.5 microM) with increasing concentrations of NO donnors (sodium nitroprussiate or nitroso-glutathione). LDL oxidation was monitored continuously for conjugated diene formation (234 nm) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) accumulation. Exogenous NO prevents in a dose dependent manner the progress of copper-induced oxidation. Ischaemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), characterized by an overproduction of ROS, is used as an in vivo model. Anaesthetized rats were submitted to 1 hour renal ischaemia following by 2 hours of reperfusion. Sham-operated rats (SOP) were used as control. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring the HNE accumulated in rats kidneys in presence or absence of L-arginine or D-arginine infusion. L-arginine, but not D-arginine, enhances HNE accumulation in I/R but not in SOP (< 0.050 pmol/g tissue in SOP versus 0.6 nmol/g tissue in I/R), showing that, in this experimental conditions, NO produced from L-arginine, enhances the toxicity of ROS. This study shows that the pro- or antioxydant effects of NO are different in vivo and in vitro and could be driven by environmental conditions such as pH, relative concentrations of NO and ROS, ferryl species.
ChemInform Abstract: Inner‐Sphere Cluster Formation by [Ru(NH3)5H2O]3+ or [Os(NH3)5H2O]3+ in Combination with [M(CN)6]4‐ (M: Fe, Ru, or Os). (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Petroleum mass spectral hydrocarbon compound type analysis (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPetroleum mass spectral hydrocarbon compound type analysisTerrence R. Ashe and Steve G. ColgroveCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 3, 356–360Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00027a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00027a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of Martensite-Austenite Constituent on Toughness of Heat-Affected Zone of High-Strength Weldable Structural Steels (1979)

A study has been made of the cause of heat-affected zone (HAZ) embrittlement from the metallurgical point of view. The special emphasis has been placed on the clarification of the role of martensite-austenite (M-A) constituent. A synthetic weld-thermal-cycle technique has been applied to various high-strength steels in order to simulate the coarse-grained HAZ over a wide range of welding heat input/cooling time.In each steel, an initial increase in cooling time results in a microstructure change from martensite to a mixed structure of martensite and lower bainite, which lead to an increase in HAZ toughness. Further increase in cooling time causes microstructure to change from the mixed structure to upper bainite, which is accompanied with a marked degradation in HAZ toughness.A close correlation is found between HAZ toughness and the amount of M-A constituent, whereas the effect of austenite grain size or fracture facet size is only capable of explaining less than 30 percent of loss in HAZ toughness. The deteriorating effect of the constituent is evaluated to be 8°C/volume percent of M-A constituent in terms of V-notch Charpy FATT.Characteristics of an extremely low carbon steel have also been examined with satisfactory results due to its minimized tendency to the formation of M-A constituent.
[Visual prognosis and prognostic risk factors after photocoagulation for diffuse diabetic macular edema]. (2005)

Grid photocoagulation as a treatment for diffuse diabetic macular edema is effective to improve or maintain visual acuity. Alternative treatment such as vitrectomy should be considered after three-month observation on the outcome of grid photocoagulation.
Expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D deletion mutants in mammalian cells (1988)

Glycoprotein D (gD) is a viron envelope component of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. We have previously defined seven monoclonal antibody (MAb) groups which recognize distinct epitopes on the mature gD-1 protein of 369 amino acids. MAb groups VII, II, and V recognize continuous epitopes at residues 11-19, 272-279, and 340-356, respectively. MAb groups I, III, IV, and VI recognize discontinuous epitopes. Recent studies have focused on epitopes I, III, and VI. Using truncated forms of gD generated by recombinant DNA methods and proteolysis, epitopes III, IV, and VI were located within amino acids 1-233. A portion of discontinuous epitope I was located in a region within residues 233-275. For this study, we used recombinant DNA methods to create mutations in the gD-1 gene and studied the effects of those mutations on gD as expressed in mammalian cells. Plasmid pRE4, containing the coding sequence of gD-1 and the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter, was transfected into mammalian cells. The expressed protein, gD-1-(pRE4), was identical in size and antigenic properties to gD-1 from infected cells. Six in-frame deletion mutations were subsequently constructed by using restriction enzymes to excise portions of the gD-1 gene. Plasmids carrying these mutated forms were transfected into cells, and the corresponding proteins were examined at 48 h posttransfection for antigenicity and glycosylation patterns. Three deletions of varying size were located downstream of residue 233. Analysis of these mutants showed that amino acids within the region 234-244 were critical for binding of DL11 (group I), but not for other MAb groups. Three other deletion mutants lost all ability to bind MAbs which recognize discontinuous epitopes. In addition, much of the gD expressed by these mutants was observed to migrate as high-molecular-weight aggregated forms in nondenaturing gels. Each of these mutations involved the loss of a cysteine residue, suggesting that disulfide linkages play an essential role in the formation of discontinuous epitopes. The extent of glycosylation of the mutant gD molecules accumulated at 48 h posttransfection suggested altered carbohydrate processing. In one case, there was evidence for increased O-linked glycosylation. Those proteins which had lost a cysteine residue as part of the deletion did not accumulate molecules processed beyond the high-mannose stage. The results suggest that carbohydrate processing during synthesis of gD is very sensitive to alterations in structure, particularly changes involving cysteine residues.
Physico-chemical measurements as a prerequisite for optimization of Omeprazole synthesis (2015)

Omeprazole is a member of the proton pump inhibitor family of drugs, extensively used in treatment of peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. The fact that it is one of the drugs indexed in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines points out the importance of enhancing the synthetic procedure used in the production of this pharmaceutic. In this work we present the results of thermodynamic and kinetic studies which served as a guide in the optimization of the synthetic procedure. One of the steps in the synthesis of Omeprazole is the condensation of OMP-Cl and MTX in a mixture of methanol and water, which involves reaction of deprotonated forms of these compounds. This indicates that the protonation equilibria have a significant impact on the condensation reaction. The medium in which the reaction takes place is one of the key factors affecting the protonation properties of the reactants. Therefore, the equilibrium protonation constants of the reactants (OMP-Cl and MTX) were determined at 25 °C by means of spectrophotometric-potentiometric titrations in the mixed solvent commonly used in the synthesis of Omeprazole and in pure methanol. A significant decrease in the protonation constants with increase of water volume fraction was observed suggesting that the use of solvent with higher water content could enhance the yield of the reaction product and possibly reduce the time needed for the synthesis. In order to gain a detailed insight into the kinetics of the first step in the Omeprazole synthesis, kinetic measurements were undertaken. Kinetics of the reaction of OMP-Cl with MTX was studied in the solution of NaOH in methanol/water mixture by means of stopped-flow spectrophotometry at 25 °C. At the experimental conditions applied, MTX is almost completely present as thiolate anion whereas OMP-Cl is in the neutral form. The reaction is of second order, first with respect to both reactants. There was no significant effect of solution pH on the reaction kinetics in the range of NaOH concentration studied (0.05–0.2 mol dm–3). Further on, the reaction enthalpies of OMP-Cl and MTX protonation were determined at 25 °C by calorimetric measurements. These values enabled estimation of the temperature effect on the protonation properties of the reactants and evaluation of the heat effects of these processes in the course of synthesis.
Structure and Function of the Genome of Coliphage T5. Transcription in vitro of the "Nicked" and "Nick-Free" T5+ DNA (1975)

Purified T5+ DNA in nicked form and after repair of the specific single-strand interruptions with DNA ligase was used in transcription studies using Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (holoenzyme) in the presence and absence of E. coli termination protein rho. The transcriptional products were analyzed with respect to their size distribution and the sequences transcribed from the different templates. The results indicate that the single-strand breaks in the DNA of bacteriophage T5, though in genetically defined positions, do not have any specific effect on transcription in vitro. Furthermore, the E. coli rho protein, although it depresses net RNA synthesis and reduces the average molecular weight of the transcripts, seems to act in a non-specific way in this system.
Associations between Radiocurability and Interstitial Fluid Pressure in Human Tumor Xenografts without Hypoxic Tissue (2010)

The radiation resistance of normoxic tumor tissue with highly elevated IFP may be an indirect consequence of increased tumor cell clonogenicity as well as increased VEGF-A expression, possibly caused by hypertension-induced modifications of signaling pathways regulating cell proliferation, cell survival, and/or angiogenesis.