gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Zirconium and Hafniumansa-MetallocenesviaTransmetalation of Dielement-Substituted Bis(cyclopentadienyl) and Bis(indenyl) Ligands (1997)

Distannylated bis(cyclopentadienyl) and bis(indenyl) ligands react with ZrCl4 and HfCl4 to give the corresponding ansa-metallocenes in high yield. It was shown that the racemic forms of ansa-metallocenes could be prepared from the racemic forms of starting dielement-substituted bis(cyclopentadienyl) ligands.
Followup radiographic data on patients with rheumatoid arthritis who participated in a two‐year trial of prednisone therapy or placebo (2006)

The inhibition of radiographic joint damage in patients with early active RA treated with 10 mg of prednisone per day for 2 years seems to persist after the end of prednisone therapy.
DNA-based HIV vaccines do not induce generalized activation in mucosal tissue T cells (2012)

HIV preferentially infects activated T cells, and activated mucosal CD4+ T cells are the primary sites of viral replication. One potential explanation for increased HIV acquisition rates in the STEP study is that vaccination with adenoviral (Ad) vectors increased CD4+ T cell activation levels at the site of infection, a concept that others and we continue to explore. Whether vaccination with HIV vaccine platforms increases the activation state of CD4+ T cells within peripheral tissues, such as the gastro-intestinal (GI) mucosa, is exceptionally important to determine as a vaccine safety measure, given the susceptibility of activated CD4+ T cells to HIV infection. In this study we examined whether vaccination with DNA plasmids and chemokine adjuvants alter the activation state of T cells within the GI mucosa, inguinal LN, and peripheral blood. T cell activation state was measured by expression of CD25, CD69, and HLA-DR over the course of the prime/boost study. DNA plasmid vaccination did not increase expression of any of these markers in the 3 tissues studied. Addition of the gut-homing chemokine TECK during DNA plasmid vaccination did not alter activation levels of CD4+ T cells at any of these sites. These findings indicate that DNA vaccines do not elicit generalized mucosal T cell activation. Thus, DNA platforms may be especially suitable for HIV vaccine development, where bystander activation could promote increased HIV transmission.
Ventricular Fibrillation Recurrences in Successfully Shocked Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests (2021)

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> The prognostic impact of ventricular fibrillation (VF) recurrences after a successful shock in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) is still poorly understood, and some evidence suggests a potential pro-arrhythmic effect of chest compressions in this setting. In the present analysis, we looked at the short-term and long-term prognosis of VF recurrences in OOHCA. And their potential association with chest compressions. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> The Progetto Vita, prospectively collecting data on all resuscitation efforts in the Piacenza province (Italy), was used for the present analysis. From the 461 OOHCAs found in a shockable rhythm, only those with optimal ECG tracings and good audio recordings (160) were assessed. Rhythms other than VF post-shock were analyzed five seconds after shock delivery and survival to hospital admission, hospital discharge, and long-term survival data over a 14-year follow-up were collected. <i>Results:</i> Population mean age was 64.4 ± 16.9 years, and 31.9% of all patients were female. Mean time to EMS arrival was 5.9 ± 4.5 min. Short- and long-term survival without neurological impairment were higher in patients without VF recurrence when compared to patients with VF recurrence, independently from the pre-induction rhythm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After shock delivery, VF recurrence was higher when chest compressions were resumed early after discharge and more vigorously. <i>Conclusions:</i> VF recurrences after a shock could worsen short and long-term survival. The potential pro-arrhythmic effect of chest compressions should be factored in when considering the real risks and benefits of this procedure.
Serum Enzyme Alterations in Polymyositis: Possible Pitfalls in Diagnosis (1980)

We report serum enzyme patterns in three patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis whose cases posed potential problems in distinguishing malignancy, hepatocellular damage, and myocardial infarction from myositis. The alanine aminotransferase showed five- to 16-fold elevations. The creatine kinase MB isoenzyme and a predominance of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes 2 and 3 were present in each of the three patients. However, none of the patients showed any evidence of hepatocellular damage, myocardial infarction, or malignancy. We suggest that, although the individual occurrences are indicative of other processes, the concurrence of elevated alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase MB, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes 2 and 3 is consistent with the diagnosis of polymyositis.
Synthesis of Lignan Aryldihydronaphthalene Lactones by Cyclization of Cinnamyl Arylpropiolate Esters: Revised Structure of β-Apopolygamatin (1991)

Unlike arylpropargyl arylpropiolates (e.g., 3) which yield, on heating in xylene, arylnaphthalene type I and type II lactones (4 and 5, respectively) in 1:1 ratio, cinnamyl arylpropiolates (e.g., 7) on heating in DMF gave the aryldihydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid lactones (e.g., 8) in excellent yield and regioselectivity. It is suggested that the aryldihydronaphthalene lactone product isolated from the tumor-inhibiting extract of Polygala polygama and previously named beta-apopolygamatin [17] has in fact the structure 1-(3',4'-methylene-dioxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dimethoxy-3,4- dihydro-2- naphthoic acid lactone [18].
NET-02 final results: A randomised, phase II trial of liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid or docetaxel as second-line (2L) therapy in patients (pts) with progressive poorly differentiated extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (PD-EP-NEC). (2023)

646 Background: As demonstrated in the primary analysis of NET-02, nal-IRI/5-FU/folinic acid, but not docetaxel, met the primary endpoint of 6 month (mo) progression-free survival (PFS) rate in pts with progressive PD-EP-NEC. Here, the final results are presented. Methods: This was a multi-centre, randomised (1:1), phase II trial of IV nal-IRI (70mg/m 2 free base)/5-FU (2400 mg/m 2 )/folinic acid, Q14 days (ARM A), or IV docetaxel (75mg/m 2 ), Q21 days (ARM B), as 2L therapy in pts with progressive PD-EP-NEC, aimed at selecting a treatment for continuation to a phase III trial. On disease progression, pts in both arms could receive further systemic treatment as recommended by their physicians. Primary endpoint was 6 mo PFS rate; 80% power to demonstrate the one-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) of the 6 mo PFS rate excluded 15%, if the true rate was ≥30% (required level of efficacy); a rate of &lt;15% would give grounds for rejection (additional selection criteria: toxicity and quality of life (QoL)). Intention was to show that regimens were sufficiently active, but not to assess superiority of one regimen over the other. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), PFS, overall survival (OS), toxicity, QoL (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ C30 and GINET21) and translational end-points. Results: Of 58 pts in 15 UK centres (Nov 18-Dec 21), 29 in ARM A (2 pts excluded for efficacy analysis: well-differentiated grade 3 (G3) neuroendocrine tumour and goblet cell adenocarcinoma), 29 in ARM B. Eight pts in both arms (27.6% each) received subsequent chemotherapy. Fifty-four pts (93%) have died; the primary end-point of 6-mo PFS rate was met in ARM A; ORR, median PFS and OS are also presented. Adverse events ≥ G3 occurred in 51.7% and 55.2% in ARM A and B with 1 and 6 discontinuations due to toxicity in ARM A and B, respectively. Health-related QoL was maintained (C30 functional scales &amp; global health status remained stable pre-progression) and potentially improved (sustained improvement in role functioning) with nal-IRI/5-FU/folinic acid, but not docetaxel (all C30 functional scales &amp; global health status worsened between baseline and week 18, and treatment-related symptoms also worsened in GINET21). Translational analysis is on-going. Conclusions: nal-IRI/5-FU warrants further evaluation in pts with PD-EP-NEC, with the results highlighting that conduct of randomised trials in this disease group of unmet need is possible and safe. Clinical trial information: NCT03837977 . [Table: see text]
GEOMETRIC EFFECTS ON SPRAY CONE ANGLE FOR PLAIN-ORIFICE ATOMIZERS (1991)

The effects of nozzle geometry, flow conditions, and manufacturing imperfections on spray cone angle are examined using 40 different plain-orifice atomizers. The length/diameter ratios of the discharge orifices are varied from 2 to 5 while maintaining the orifice diameter constant at 0.254 mm. A universal calibrating fluid, Viscor 1487-C, is injected at pressures up to 109 MPa into air at normal atmospheric pressure. Analysis of the experimental data indicates that the spray cone angle is very dependent on the shape and condition of the orifice inlet. Sharp-edged inlets, rough-edged inlets, and rounded inlets all exhibit different characteristics with regard to the effects of length/diameter ratio and injection pressure on the measure cone angle.
Transition of May Measurement Month to an online hypertension awareness campaign in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021)

Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, the MMM campaign was able to survive using a 'new normal' online format. The shift to on-line activity during the pandemic will contribute to a breakthrough MMM campaign in the future that can be combined with off-line protocols even after the pandemic.
Gli3 utilizes Hand2 to synergistically regulate tissue-specific transcriptional networks (2020)

ABSTRACT Despite a common understanding that Gli TFs are utilized to reiterate a Hh morphogen gradient, genetic analyses suggest craniofacial development does not completely fit this paradigm. We demonstrated that rather than being driven by a Hh threshold, robust Gli3 transcriptional activity during skeletal and glossal development required interaction with the bHLH TF Hand2. Not only did genetic and expression data support a co-factorial relationship, but genomic analysis further revealed that Gli3 and Hand2 were enriched at regulatory elements for genes essential for mandibular patterning and development. Interestingly, motif analysis at sites co-occupied by Gli3 and Hand2 uncovered mandibular-specific, low-affinity, ‘divergent’ Gli binding motifs ( d GBMs). Functional validation revealed these d GBMs conveyed synergistic activation of Gli targets essential for mandibular patterning and development. In summary, this work elucidates a novel, sequence-dependent mechanism for Gli transcriptional activity within the craniofacial complex that is independent of a graded Hh signal.
Lysophosphatidyl choline potentiates Ca2+ accumulation in rat cardiac myocytes (1983)

Lysophosphoglycerides are amphiphilic phospholipids that accumulate in ischemic myocardium and elicit electrophysiological alterations in normoxic Purkinje fibers and ventricular muscle that are analogous to alterations characteristic of ischemic tissue in vivo and that are compatible with altered sarcolemmal permeability to divalent cations. To assess directly the potential influence of lysophosphoglycerides on calcium transport, we characterized changes in the accumulation of 45Ca2+ by cultured cardiac myocytes exposed to selected concentrations of lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC). Perfusion for 10 min with 80 microM LPC augmented the amount of 45Ca2+ in myocytes compared with that in control cells (5.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.26 nmols Ca2+/mg protein, respectively; P less than 0.005) but did not alter total cell calcium content measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (11.6 +/- 1.0 nmols/mg protein), suggesting equivalent augmentation of bidirectional Ca2+ flux by LPC. In contrast, perfusion for 15 min with 100 microM LPC not only augmented 45Ca2+ accumulation but also increased total cellular Ca2+ content, as the quantity of 45Ca2+ accumulated reached 16.9 +/- 1.4 nmols/mg protein, a value substantially exceeding the normal total Ca2+ content (P less than 0.0025 compared with control cells). In contrast to results observed after only a 5-min exposure to 100 microM LPC, Ca2+ accumulation induced by 15 min of perfusion was not precluded by verapamil (10(-8)M), could not be reversed by perfusion without LPC, and was associated with complete cessation of beating, markedly altered morphology, and substantial depletion of cellular creatine kinase activity. Thus LPC may not only contribute to malignant ventricular dysrhythmias but also may potentiate ischemic injury by facilitating calcium ingress.
Production and characterization of an anti-idiotypic antibody specific for a monoclonal antibody to glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus. (1986)

A monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was used to prepare an anti-idiotypic antibody in rabbits. After removal of antibody reactivity to constant region determinants by absorption with polyclonal mouse immunoglobulins and a monoclonal antibody of the same subclass as the anti-gD monoclonal, the anti-idiotypic (anti-id) antibody reacted specifically with anti-gD. Using an ELISA inhibition assay with immunoaffinity-purified gD, the anti-id D reagent inhibited the binding of anti-gD to gD, suggesting that anti-id D mimics an epitope of gD by binding the antigen-combining site of anti-gD. Immunization of mice with anti-id D could prime splenocytes in vivo to proliferate in response to HSV antigen stimulation in vitro. The possibility that anti-id D could act similarly to gD and stimulate an immune response to HSV when administered in vivo is discussed.
Passive Viscoelastic Properties of Costameres in EDL Skeletal Muscle in Normal and Dystrophin Null Mice (2008)

Costameres at the sarcolemmal skeletal myofibers transmit the lateral force generated by myofibrils from them to the extracellular matrix. We used an elastimeter method by which sucking pressure is applied through a micropipette to the surface membrane of single mice myofibers of the Extensor digitorum longus to measure the viscoelasticity of the sarcolemma‐costamere complex as a function of sarcomere length (SL). Constant suction pressure applied to the sarcolemma generated a sarcolemmal‐costamere‐myofibril bleb of variable height depending on the sucking pressure and SL. It took some time for the bleb to reach a stable height after applying the pressure. This time delay indicates that the sarcolemma‐costamere‐myofibril system acts as a viscoelastic system. We undertook the present experiments to measure the height stabilization time of the bleb at different sarcomere lengths from which we estimated the viscoelastic parameters of the system. The time course of the bleb formation was biphasic and reached a plateau between 3.5 to 1.3 and 4.9 to 3.5 min for normal and dystrophic mice respectively depending on SL of 3.0 to 5.6 μm. Based on a Maxwell‐Voigt system we found the viscoelastic parameters such as viscosity, friction coefficient and the costameres (k) and sarcolemma (k1) elasticity constants.
Increased expression of chemokine receptors in inflammatory breast cancer: Implications for novel targeted therapies (2005)

9655 Background: Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is the most aggressive form of primary breast neoplasm. Recent studies have suggested that expression of COX-2, and chemokine receptors CXCR4, and CCR7 might be associated with the metastatic behavior of breast cancer. We therefore investigated the expression of CXCR4, CCR7, and COX-2, along with that of the biomarker HER2-neu in primary IBC to evaluate expression patterns and prognostic implications. Methods: CXCR4, CCR7, and COX-2 were evaluated using paraffin-embedded tissue sections of breast cancers by immunohistochemical staining (IHC). HER2-neu amplification was assessed by FISH. All patients received multidisciplinary management including preoperative chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation according to our institutional protocols. Outcome data were correlated with the expression of the biomarkers. Results: Forty-six cases diagnosed with IBC between 1994 and 2002 were included in the study. The median age was 49.5 years (range 29–73). CXCR4 was expressed in 39% of cases (18/46), CCR7 expression was found in 30% (14/46), and HER-2 amplification was 53% (16/30), whereas only one patient’s tumor showed COX-2 positivity (2.3%). Fifty percent of the tumors either expressed CXCR4 and/or CCR7. Furthermore, CXCR4 expression was associated with HER2-neu amplification in 27% of cases (8/30). There was a significant correlation between CXCR4 and CCR7 expression (p=0.047), whereas no correlations were found between CXCR4 or CCR7 expression and ER, PR, or presence of high nuclear grade. At a median follow-up of 46 months (range, 1–98), 5-year overall and disease-free survival (OS and DFS) rates were 43% and 36%, respectively. The 5-year OS- and DFS-rates according to biomarker expression were: CXCR4- vs. CXCR4+ patients (OS, 51% vs. 30%, p=0.65; and DFS, 41% vs. 28%, p=0.50); CCR7- vs. CCR7+ patients (OS, 53% vs. 26%, p=0.19, and DFS, 39% vs. 29%, p=0.55). Comparison with non-IBC locally advanced breast cancer cases is ongoing. Conclusions: These results suggest that chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 are highly expressed in IBC. CXCR4 may represent a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for this aggressive form of primary breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Calcium and mechanically induced potentials in fibroblasts of rat atrium (1996)

Electrically non-excitable cardiac fibroblasts in the sino-atrial node region are mechano-sensitive. Rhythmic contraction of adjacent myocardium, or artificial stretch of the tissue, produce a reversible change in the membrane potential: mechanically induced potentials (MIP). Stretch of normal cardiomyocytes can be associated with intracellular calcium changes. The purpose of this study is to use pharmacological interventions to investigate the possibility that stretch-induced Ca2+ entry through ion channels in the sarcolemma and Ca2+ release from internal stores play a role in MIP generation. Methods: Isolated spontaneously contracting or artificially stretched preparations of right atrium of rat heart were superfused with physiological solutions. An intracellular floating microelectrode recorded fibroblast MIPs and was also used for injection of current. A dye, Lucifer yellow, applied through the micropipette, identified recording sites. We assessed the role of extracellular Ca2+ using EGTA in the bathing solution. For the role of intracellular Ca2+ in the generation of MIP, several substances that influence [Ca2+]i handling were applied intracellularly by diffusion from the recording microelectrode. These include: BAPTA (to chelate intracellular Ca2+); BHQ, thapsigargin and CPA (to deplete Ca2+ from intracellular stores by inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ATP Ca2+ pump), and caffeine and ryanodine (to induce ER Ca2+ release). Results: All the pharmacological compounds which were introduced intracellulary, and EGTA applied extracellularly, decreased the amplitude of the MIP to variable degrees. Only thapsigargin induced a bi-phasic response with an initial increase in MIP amplitude, followed by a decrease. MIP duration was reduced by most interventions, exceptions being low extracellular Ca2+, BHQ and ryanodine. Short duration extracellular application of caffeine, which was added to the perfusate as a secondary contractile stimulus, partly restored the MIPs by activation of cardiac contraction. Intracellular current injection, before any intervention, linearly altered both membrane potential (Em) and MIP amplitude (Vm). Application of compounds listed above introduced non-linearity to the Em/Vm relationship. Conclusion: We suggest that mechanically induced Ca2+ influx, induced through stretch-activated channels in the plasma membrane, and release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum, play key roles in the mechanism of MIP generation. Further, our results demonstrate the existence of functional ryanodine/caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ stores in cardiac fibroblasts.
Performance of path protection and rerouting for WDM networks subject to dual failures (2004)

The restorability and the needed capacity of (dedicated and shared) path protection and rerouting in sample networks planned for dual failures are presented. The rerouting performance is related to single failure designs. Dual failures become more probable in larger networks and should be considered when planning and operating such networks.
Resistance and uptake of heavy metals by Vorticella microstoma and its potential use in industrial wastewater treatment (2010)

Abstract The ciliate, Vorticella microstoma, showed tolerance against Cd 2+ (22 μg/mL), Cu 2+ (22 μg/mL), Ni 2+ (17 μg/mL), and Hg 2+ (16 μg/mL). The metal ions slowed down the growth of the ciliate as compared to the culture grown without metal stress. The decrease in cell population was 60% for Cd 2+ , 49% for Cu 2+ , 35% for Ni 2+ , and 49% for Hg 2+ after 8 days of metal stress. The order of resistance to heavy metal, in terms of reduction in the cellular population, was Ni 2+ &lt; Hg 2+ = Cu 2+ &lt; Cd 2+ . Metal‐uptake capability of the ciliate was worked out for its potential use as bioremediator of wastewater. V. microstoma decreased 72% of Cd 2+ , 82% of Cu 2+ , 80% of Ni 2+ , and 74% of Hg 2+ from the medium after 96 h of incubation. V. microstoma was also able to remove 73% of Cd 2+ , 80% of Cu 2+ , 83% of Ni 2+ , and 76% of Hg 2+ from the industrial wastewater after 6 days of incubation at room temperature. The multiple heavy metal uptake ability of V. microstoma can be exploited for metal detoxification and environmental clean‐up operations. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
WattsKit: Software-Defined Power Monitoring of Distributed Systems (2017)

The design and the deployment of energy-efficient distributed systems is a challenging task, which requires software engineers to consider all the layers of a system, from hardware to software. In particular, monitoring and analyzing the power consumption of a distributed system spanning several-potentially heterogeneous-nodes becomes particularly tedious when aiming at a finer granularity than observing the power consumption of hosting nodes. While the state-of-the-art in software-defined power meters fails to deliver adaptive solutions to offer such service-level perspective and to cope with the diversity of hardware CPU architectures, this paper proposes to automatically learn the power models of the nodes supporting a distributed system, and then to use these inferred power models to better understand how the power consumption of the system's processes is distributed across nodes at runtime. Our solution, named WattsKit, offers a modular toolkit to build software-defined power meters "à la carte", thus dealing with the diversity of user and hardware requirements. Beyond the demonstrated capability of covering a wide diversity of CPU architectures with high accuracy, we illustrate the benefits of adopting software-defined power meters to analyze the power consumption of complex layered and distributed systems. In particular, we illustrate the capability of our approach to monitor the power consumption of a system composed of Docker Swarm, Weave, Elasticsearch, and Apache Zookeeper. Thanks to WattsKit, developers and administrators are now able to identify potential power leaks in their software infrastructure.