gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Warriors Versus Worriers: The Role of COMT Gene Variants (2006)

Behavioral phenotypes are generally complex, reflecting the action of multiple different genes. Nevertheless, there is growing evidence that key gene variants can alter activity within specific neuronal circuits and, therefore, influence particular cognitive-affective phenomena. One example is the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, which has a common variant at codon 158. Those with valine (Val158) alleles have increased greater COMT activity and lower prefrontal extracellular dopamine compared with those with the methionine (Met158) substitution. Val158 alleles may be associated with an advantage in the processing of aversive stimuli (warrior strategy), while Met158 alleles may be associated with an advantage in memory and attention tasks (worrier strategy). Under conditions of increased dopamine release (eg, stress), individuals with Val158 alleles may have improved dopaminergic transmission and better performance, while individuals with Met158 alleles may have less efficient neurotransmission and worse performance. Some evidence suggests that Val158 alleles are associated with schizophrenia, while Met158 alleles are associated with anxiety.
Immunogenicity of a p210(BCR-ABL) fusion domain candidate DNA vaccine targeted to dendritic cells by a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector in vitro. (2002)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by a t(9;22) translocation, which results in the expression of chimeric BCR-ABL fusion oncoproteins that are necessary for oncogenesis, unique to the leukemic clones, and represent enticing targets for immunotherapy. As a strategy for the immunotherapy of CML, we constructed a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector encoding the p210(BCR-ABL) b3a2 variant fusion region with flanking sequences (CWRBA) and used it to express the BCR-ABL fusion region within primary human dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells currently known. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors were primed and restimulated in vitro with autologous DCs transduced with purified CWRBA, CWRAP (negative control), or pulsed with a peptide corresponding to the fusion domain (positive control). No specific responses were generated using DCs transduced with CWRAP. In contrast, CWRBA-transduced DCs primed autologous T cells in an antigen-specific, MHC-restricted fashion to levels comparable with the positive control. CWRBA-transduced DCs elicited both cytotoxic CD4+/Th1 and CD8+ responses, although the former were more readily detected in this system. Cytotoxicity against a tumor cell line endogenously expressing the p210(BCR-ABL) b3a2 variant fusion region was also demonstrable. In addition, HLA-DRB5(*)0101+DRA (DR2a) was identified as a new restriction element capable of presenting the b3a2 BCR-ABL fusion region epitope. Thus, the construct developed herein may serve as a candidate vaccine for gene-based antigen-specific immunotherapy of CML and may serve as a paradigm for the use of DCs transduced with recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors encoding multiepitope immunogens for vaccine development.
Assessing cutoff values for increased exercise blood pressure to predict incident hypertension in a general population (2015)

According to our analyses, 190 and 210 mmHg are clinically relevant cutoff values for increased exercise SBP at the maximum exercise level of cycle ergometry test for women and men, respectively. In addition, for men, our analyses provided a cutoff value of 160 mmHg for increased exercise SBP at the 100 W level.
Studying careers across cultures (2007)

Purpose This paper aims to study careers across cultures, distinguishing among international career, cross‐cultural and globalization perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual development is based on a review of four empirical papers in this special issue with a focus on “Careers in cross‐cultural perspective” and other recent research in this area. Findings Work on international careers has traditionally looked at careers that cross national boundaries, such as those involving expatriate career assignments or self‐initiated international careers. Research into cross‐cultural careers reflects the primary work of this special issue's articles, primarily by looking at differences between two or more cultures. Career research into globalization is more recent and more tentative. It covers how careers interact with the economic, political, social and environmental changes commonly associated with the term globalization. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework is a reflection of current theoretical and empirical debates. Originality/value The framework offers new guidance for both interpreting existing and developing new research.
Driving Scene Perception Network: Real-Time Joint Detection, Depth Estimation and Semantic Segmentation (2018)

As the demand for enabling high-level autonomous driving has increased in recent years and visual perception is one of the critical features to enable fully autonomous driving, in this paper, we introduce an efficient approach for simultaneous object detection, depth estimation and pixel-level semantic segmentation using a shared convolutional architecture. The proposed network model, which we named Driving Scene Perception Network (DSPNet), uses multi-level feature maps and multi-task learning to improve the accuracy and efficiency of object detection, depth estimation and image segmentation tasks from a single input image. Hence, the resulting network model uses less than 850 MiB of GPU memory and achieves 14.0 fps on NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 with a 1024 512 input image, and both precision and efficiency have been improved over combination of single tasks.
Density-based place clustering in geo-social networks (2014)

Spatial clustering deals with the unsupervised grouping of places into clusters and finds important applications in urban planning and marketing. Current spatial clustering models disregard information about the people who are related to the clustered places. In this paper, we show how the density-based clustering paradigm can be extended to apply on places which are visited by users of a geo-social network. Our model considers both spatial information and the social relationships between users who visit the clustered places. After formally defining the model and the distance measure it relies on, we present efficient algorithms for its implementation, based on spatial indexing. We evaluate the effectiveness of our model via a case study on real data; in addition, we design two quantitative measures, called social entropy and community score to evaluate the quality of the discovered clusters. The results show that geo-social clusters have special properties and cannot be found by applying simple spatial clustering approaches. The efficiency of our index-based implementation is also evaluated experimentally.
Reference-based DNA shotgun sequencing: Information theoretic limits (2013)

The reference-based DNA shotgun assembly problem is studied from an information-theoretic point of view. The entire sequence has to be assembled based on a reference sequence which is a noisy version of the desired one, and a set of short reads sampled from the desired sequence. Two necessary conditions on the underlying parameters for reconstruction are obtained. A reference-based assembly algorithm is proposed, and it is shown that under these conditions the algorithm can reconstruct the sequence with high probability.
Phase Transitions in Polymers for Lithium Batteries (2012)

The Young’s modulus and the elastic energy dissipation of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based lithium battery electrolyte membranes have been studied in this work. The membranes, formed by pure PEO and doped by LiCF 3 SO 3 , Li 2 S and ZrO 2 , were studied within a 90 K - 400 K temperature range. We observed the glass transition around 230 K and the first-order phase transformation from the crystalline to the amorphous phase around 330 K on heating. We also measured the isothermal kinetics of the transition from the amorphous to the crystalline state and found that it is slower in doped PEO. Moreover, we showed that for both samples the transformation becomes slower as the temperature increases between 319 and 331 K. The experimental results suggest that the amorphous state is stable at 331 K for a few hours before the transformation takes place. Finally, the moisture effects on the mechanical properties of pure and doped PEO membranes are reported.
Bit error rate performance of third generation turbo codes (2005)

Abstract: After the invention of Turbo Codes (TCs) many coding theorist and researchers further tried to improve the performance of these codes. Now the performance of Turbo Codes is becoming closer to the Shannon’s limit. The performance of turbo codes depends on its architectural component and the architecture of TCs is application dependent. So the researchers are trying to develop the standard architecture of TCs for specific application so that its performance becomes optimum. In this paper we analyze the performance, in terms of bit error rate (BER) vs. bit energy to noise spectral ratio (Eb/No) of Turbo Codes that are using in Third Generation Partnership Project standard (Universal Mobile Telephone Systems-UMTS) [10]. This paper focuses on the effect of the variation of the architectural components of UMTS TCs on its performance. In particular code rate, frame size i.e., length of information bits, number of decoding iteration and channel models variations of Turbo Codes are taken into account in studying the performance of Turbo Codes. These effects are shown in the performance curve (BER vs. Eb/N0) of the UMTS standard turbo codes.
Sensory Characteristics of Milk Chocolate with Lactose from Spray‐Dried Milk Powder (1994)

ABSTRACT Dry whole‐milk powders with 0‐70% nominal lactose prepared by spray‐drying alone (containing amorphous lactose) or combined with post‐drying crystallization (containing crystalline lactose) were incorporated into milk chocolate to give 0‐50% substitution of lactose for sucrose. No significant differences occurred in sweet, bitter , and thickness of melt (P &gt; 0.10) based on milk powder preparation method or lactose concentration. As lactose increased, hardness and onset of melt increased regardless of milk powder preparation method; but, chocolates containing crystalline lactose were softer than those containing amorphous lactose. Higher chocolate, milk and caramel flavors were perceived in milk chocolates containing crystalline lactose. Graininess of milk chocolate increased at the highest level of added lactose.
Monolithically integrated silicon photonic chip sensor for near-infrared trace-gas spectroscopy (2019)

We present a fully integrated photonic chip spectrometer for near-infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). The integrated photonic sensor incorporates a heterogeneously integrated III-V laser/detector chip coupled to a silicon external cavity for broadband tuning, and a long waveguide element (&gt;20 cm) for ambient methane sensing. An on-chip sealed CH4 reference cell is utilized for in-situ wavelength calibration of the external cavity, and a real-time wavelength compensation method for laser calibration is described and demonstrated. The resulting signal is guided back to the III-V photodiodes for spectral signal readout using a custom-designed acquisition board, remotely controlled and operated by a Raspberry Pi unit. Component-level testing of the waveguide sensitivity, external cavity laser, and reference cell is demonstrated. Full-stack testing of the integrated sensor chip yields sub-100 ppmv∙Hz-<sup>1/2</sup> sensitivity, and spectral density analysis demonstrates our integrated chip sensor to have a fundamental performance within an order of magnitude of commercially available fiber-pigtailed DFB laser units. We envision our integrated photonic chip sensors to provide disruptive capability in SWaP-C (size, weight, power, and cost) limited applications, and we describe an achievable short-term pathway towards sensitivity enhancement to near-10 ppmv levels.
Entrance-channel effects in the population of superdeformed bands (1992)

In order to investigate whether entrance-channel effects influence the production of superdeformed nuclei, we have measured the yield of the yrast superdeformed band in $^{152}\mathrm{Dy}$ populated via nearly mass-symmetric ${(}^{82}$Se${+}^{74}$Ge) and mass-asymmetric ${(}^{48}$Ca${+}^{108}$Pd, $^{36}\mathrm{S}$${+}^{120}$Sn) fusion reactions leading to the same compound nucleus at similar excitation energies and angular momenta. Large differences in the relative intensity of the band compared with the total yield of the nucleus are observed in the various reactions. This effect indicates that the competition between fission and neutron evaporation is affected by the mode of formation of the fusing system.
Diagnostic and therapeutic utility of monoclonal antibodies in urologic oncology (1989)

Remarkable advances in the treatment of urologic malignancies have recently been made. Monoclonal antibodies selective for a variety of normal and malignant urologic tissues have been useful in defining normal antigens and tumor-associated antigens and have potential as diagnostic and immunotherapeutic agents. In renal cancer, monoclonal antibodies can define serum markers, radiolabel tumor xenografts, and assist in specific tissue diagnosis. Additionally, there is potential for these antibodies either alone or as conjugates to localize and kill tumors. Monoclonal antibodies to bladder cancer associated antigens are able to demonstrate differential antigen expression on superficial versus invasive tumors, to refine urinary cytologic diagnosis of bladder cancer, and to predict invasive recurrence of superficial cancer. Monoclonal antibodies have localized bladder tumor xenografts and can inhibit tumor growth when conjugated to radioisotopes or toxins. In prostate cancer monoclonal antibodies to prostate antigens are not usually tumor specific. Monoclonal antibodies to prostate antigen (PA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) are able to localize prostate cancer metastases. Chemotherapy-conjugated anti-PAP monoclonal antibodies have demonstrable inhibition on human prostate cancer xenografted tumor growth. Monoclonal antibodies have defined normal and tumor-associated antigens in urologic cancers and are expected to be useful in immunodiagnosis and cancer therapy in the near future.
An in-order, in-place radix-2 FFT (2005)

Most Cooley-Tukey, in-place Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms result in the output being permuted or scrambled in order. For a radix-2 FFT, this order can be easily found by reversing the order of the bits of the address, and the unscrambler is called a bit-reversed counter. In some machines, this unscrambling takes from 10% to 50% of the total execution time. This paper presents an in-place, radix-2 FFT that does the unscrambling while the FFT is being calculated rather than as a separate process. The theoretical framework is based on index maps [1] and ideas used on the in-place, in-order prime factor FFT (PFA) [2]. The non-scrambled algorithm is implemented in FORTRAN. The size of the program is essentially the same as the regular radix-2 FFT with its bit-reversed counter.
Processable Phthalonitrile Resins with High-Thermal and Oxidative Stability (2005)

A processable multiple aromatic ether-linked phthalonitrile with high thermal and oxidative stability has been synthesized and characterized. The oligomeric phthalonitrile monomer was prepared in a two-step, one-pot procedure using an excess amount of resorcinol and 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone in a N,Ndimethylformamide/toluene mixture and K2CO3 as the base followed by end-capping with 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The monomer was thermally crosslinked in the presence of bis(4-[4-aminophenoxy]phenyl)sulfone forming a void-free thermoset. Thermal, oxidative, and mechanical measurements were performed on the resulting polymer. The polymer exhibits excellent thermal and oxidative stability, superior mechanical properties, and low water absorption
Exploitation of differential reactivity of the carbon–chlorine bonds in 1,3-dichloroisoquinoline. Routes to new N,N-chelate ligands and 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines (1997)

Under Pd(PPh3)4 catalysis, coupling of arylboronic acids to the 1-position of 1,3-dichloroisoquinoline takes place, leading exclusively to 1-aryl-3-chloroisoquinolines. This regiochemistry is demonstrated by the crystal structure of 3-chloro-1-(8-methoxy-1-naphthyl)isoquinoline. The 3-chloro group may be modified by nickel-catalysed reaction with Grignard reagents or direct nucleophilic displacement with LiSCH2Ph. Attempted lithiation of the 3-position is not successful (either deprotonation or complex reactivity results). Under zinc reduction in the presence of NiCl2–PPh3 and NaI, the 1-aryl-3-chloroisoquinolines furnish 3,3′-biisoquinolines in good yield.
ChemInform Abstract: ALPHA‐CHLOR‐NITRONE 6. MITT. AG(+)‐INDUZIERTE REAKTION MIT ACETYLENDERIVATEN, NEUE BILDUNGSWEISE VON ALPHA,BETA‐UNGESAETTIGTEN CARBONYLSYSTEMEN (1974)

Abstract Die Acetylene (I) reagieren in Gegenwart ,Oon AgBF 4 mit den entsprechenden Nitronen (II) im Überschuß unter Bildung von Reaktionsgemischen, deren Aufarbeitung an basischem A1‐Oxid die ungesättigtenKetone (III) in über 97%iger sterischer Reinheit als trans‐Isomere ergibt.
Clocking Wireline Systems: An Overview of Wireline Design Techniques (2015)

Over the last several decades, digital communications technologies combined with integrated circuit scaling trends have enabled the microelectronic industry to dramatically scale the bandwidth of high-loss networks such as DSL and Ethernet. These channel-limited applications depend on sophisticated equalization techniques to push well beyond the uncompensated bandwidth of the system. And in the last two decades, short-distance wireline links used for chip-to-chip communication applications have enjoyed equally impressive data rate scaling??from a few hundred megabits per second per lane to multigigabits per second in products with volumes in the billions of units.
Development of 1-3 piezocomposites for U. S. Navy applications (2006)

Efforts to develop 1-3 piezocomposite materials for U.S. Navy applications began in the early 1990s at the former Naval Research Laboratory’s Underwater Sound Reference Detachment in Orlando, FL. These initial investigations concentrated on evaluating the materials properties and parameters from a number of different contractors and manufacturing techniques. This was followed by efforts to initially fabricate receiving devices to replace traditional piezoceramic sensor prototypes, followed by development of devices with both receiving and transmitting capabilities. The presentation will discuss the initial NRL-USRD efforts and follow the development of 1-3 piezocomposite materials from these humble beginnings to devices that are currently being used and further developed by the U.S. Navy. [Work supported by the NRL, ONR, DARPA, and NAVSEA.]
Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary NiTi instruments for retreatment of curved root canals assessed by micro‐CT (2014)

Remnants of filling material were observed in all samples with no significant differences between the three techniques. Hedström files removed significantly more dentine than ProTaper Universal Retreatment, but no significant differences between both NiTi systems were detected. Procedural errors were observed with ProTaper Universal Retreatment and Reciproc.
Hot topic: Innovative lactation-stage-dependent prediction of methane emissions from milk mid-infrared spectra (2015)

The main goal of this study was to develop, apply, and validate a new method to predict an indicator for CH4 eructed by dairy cows using milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectra. A novel feature of this model was the consideration of lactation stage to reflect changes in the metabolic status of the cow. A total of 446 daily CH4 measurements were obtained using the SF6 method on 142 Jersey, Holstein, and Holstein-Jersey cows. The corresponding milk samples were collected during these CH4 measurements and were analyzed using MIR spectroscopy. A first derivative was applied to the milk MIR spectra. To validate the novel calibration equation incorporating days in milk (DIM), 2 calibration processes were developed: the first was based only on CH4 measurements and milk MIR spectra (independent of lactation stage; ILS); the second included milk MIR spectra and DIM information (dependent on lactation stage; DLS) by using linear and quadratic modified Legendre polynomials. The coefficients of determination of ILS and DLS equations were 0.77 and 0.75, respectively, with standard error of calibration of 63g/d of CH4 for both calibration equations. These equations were applied to 1,674,763 milk MIR spectra from Holstein cows in the first 3 parities and between 5 and 365 DIM. The average CH4 indicators were 428, 444, and 448g/d by ILS and 444, 467, and 471g/d by DLS for cows in first, second, and third lactation, respectively. Behavior of the DLS indicator throughout the lactations was in agreement with the literature with values increasing between 0 and 100 DIM and decreasing thereafter. Conversely, the ILS indicator of CH4 emission decreased at the beginning of the lactation and increased until the end of the lactation, which differs from the literature. Therefore, the DLS indicator seems to better reflect biological processes that drive CH4 emissions than the ILS indicator. The ILS and DLS equations were applied to an independent data set, which included 59 respiration chamber measurements of CH4 obtained from animals of a different breed across a different production system. Results indicated that the DLS equation was much more robust than the ILS equation allowing development of indicators of CH4 emissions by dairy cows. Integration of DIM information into the prediction equation was found to be a good strategy to obtain biologically meaningful CH4 values from lactating cows by accounting for biological changes that occur throughout the lactation.
Phase equilibria for aqueous protein/polyelectrolyte gel systems (1996)

Abstract A molecular‐thermodynamic analysis is directed toward predicting the partitioning of aqueous proteins into charged hydrogels. This analysis takes into account size exclusion by the network, electrostatic interactions, and the osmotic‐pressure difference between a hydrogel and its surrounding solution. Electrostatic interactions in the polyelectrolyte gel can be described by Debye – Hückel theory, or the Mean Spherical Approximation, or Katchalsky's cell model for polyelectrolyte solutions. The cell model gives best agreement with experimental partition coefficients for cytochrome c. The quasi‐electrostatic potential difference between a gel and its surrounding solution demonstrates how the electrostatic contribution to the protein partition coefficient depends on protein charge, gel‐charge density, and solution ionic strength. Finally, a qualitative guide is presented for design of a polyelectrolyte gel such that it exhibits specified swelling and partitioning properties.