gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Critical Appraisal (2000)

Surprisingly, many clinicians fail to realize that the quality of their direct, tooth‐colored restorations is directly related to the extent to which the polymer is cured, and that the extent of cure relies heavily on the quality of photoinitiating systems. In this second of two “Critical Appraisal” articles, attention is drawn to issues related to polymerization shrinkage and preparation design, variation in light intensity output, and direction of composite shrinkage. Many references presented are classic in the field, having been published over a decade ago, but these are still relevant to everyday clinical dentistry.
The R&D of the Ultra-Fast MCP-PMTs for High Energy Physics (2022)

Micro-channel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT) is a kind of photosensitive device with single photon detection capability and great time resolution, which is also called Fast-PMT (FPMT). The characteristic of MCP makes the MCP-PMT capable of reaching great spatial resolution with multi-anodes. With the experience of successfully R&amp;D of the 20-inch MCP-PMT, the researchers in IHEP are now developing the multi-anodes FPMT with great time resolution and spatial resolution. By now, the single-anode, 2×2 anodes, 4×4 anodes and 8×8 anodes FPMT prototypes have been successfully produced. With the fast-timing test system, the performance of these prototypes has been tested. The best TTS can reach 76 ps for single photoelectron and 15 ps for multi photoelectrons.
From fuzzy sets to shadowed sets: Interpretation and computing (2008)

In this study, we discuss a concept of shadowed sets and present their applications. To establish some sound compromise between the qualitative Boolean (two-valued) description of data and quantitative membership grades, we introduce an interpretation framework of shadowed sets. Shadowed sets are discussed as three-valued constructs induced by fuzzy sets assuming three values (that could be interpreted as full membership, full exclusion, and uncertain membership). The algorithm of converting membership functions into this quantification is a result of a certain optimization problem guided by the principle of uncertainty localization. We revisit fundamental ideas of relational calculus in the setting of shadowed sets. We demonstrate how shadowed sets help in problems in data interpretation in fuzzy clustering by leading to the three-valued quantification of data structure that consists of core, shadowed, and uncertain structure. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of a Feedrate Sensor for Combine Harvesters (1993)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The agricultural combine harvester is one of the most complex of machines used in cereal grain production. It is believed that significant increases in efficiency and productivity could be realized if several of the machine adjustments could be automatically controlled. One of the most important parameters to measure and control is the feedrate, i.e. the mass flow rate of material entering the machine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper reports on an investigation of a sensor, using electrical capacitance techniques, to measure feedrate.&lt;/div&gt;
Transaction Level Modeling for Early Verification on Embedded System Design (2009)

Time-to-market pressure and productivity gap are two factors that encourage the Electronic Design Automation (EDA) industry and researcher of embedded system to enhanche embedded system design method. Current embedded system design approach, Register Transfer Level, is not sufficient to fulfill the embedded system design necessity. It needs a new design method above RTL, higher abstraction layer. Electronic System Level is general term that used to name system above RTL. ESL definition so far is a system above RTL including hardware and software. In this paper we designed a Transaction Level Modeling for early verification on embedded system design. This modeling is used to know functionality fulfillment at early stage. We specify four kind model for early verification purpose.
Carbocationic rearrangement of pivaloyl cation and protonated pivalaldehyde in superacid medium: A novel solution equivalent of the McLafferty rearrangement (2004)

Both pivaloyl cation in the presence of hydride donors and protonated pivalaldehyde in superacid media (both aprotic and protic) rearrange to protonated methyl isopropyl ketone involving gitionic dicationic intermediates. In our earlier studies we have found that the rearrangement of pivaladehyde to methyl isopropyl ketone occurs quantitatively in the presence of various superacidic media such as anhydrous HF, triflic acid, boron trifluoride-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol complex (BF(3).2CF(3)CH(2)OH) etc. Our present study with environmentally more benign and stable amine:HF complexes, namely pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride) (PPHF) (5), poly(4-vinylpyridinium) poly(hydrogen fluoride) (6), and poly(ethyleniminium) poly(hydrogen fluoride) (PEIHF) (7) shows that these modified HF equivalents can carry sufficient amount of immobilized HF and provide ample acidity for complete isomerization of pivalaldehyde to methyl isopropyl ketone. Calculations on protioformyl, acetyl and pivaloyl dications at the B3LYP/6-311 ++ G(d,p) and CCSD(T)/6-311 ++ G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-311 ++ G(d,p) levels have been performed to compare the nature of protosolvation of formyl, acetyl, pivaloyl cations and protonated pivaladehyde in superacid media. These studies further suggest protosolvation of protonated pivalaldehyde leading to gitionic dications at high acidities resulting in the carbocatioinic rearrangement. The reported carbocationic rearrangement under superacidic activation represents a novel solution chemistry equivalent of the well known gas-phase McLafferty rearrangement.
Architecture for computer vision application development within the HORUS system (1997)

An integrated program development environment for computer vision tasks is presented. The first component of the system is concerned with the visualization of 2-D image data. This is done in an object-oriented manner. Programming of the visualization process is achieved by arranging the representations of iconic data in an interactively customizable hierarchy that establishes an intuitive flow of messages between data representations seen as objects. The visualization objects, called displays, are designed for different levels of abstraction, starting from direct iconic representation down to numerical features, depending on the information needed. Two types of messages are passed between these displays (update and result messages), which yield a clear and intuitive semantics. The second component of the system is an interactive tool for rapid program development. It helps the user in selecting appropriate operators in many ways. For example, the system provides context sensitive selection of possible alternative operators as well as suitable successors and required predecessors. For the task of choosing appropriate parameters several alternatives exist. For example, the system provides default values as well as lists of useful values for all parameters of each operator. To achieve this, a knowledge base containing facts about the operators and their parameters is used. Second, through the tight coupling of the two system components, parameters can be determined quickly by data exploration within the visualization component.
Differential Susceptibility of Human IgA Immunoglobulins to Streptococcal IgA Protease (1974)

IgA protease, a proteolytic enzyme found in human saliva and colonic fluid, hydrolyzes human serum IgA immunoglobulins to yield Fab(alpha) and Fc(alpha) fragments. The enzyme is produced by organisms in the normal human microflora and can be purified from culture filtrates of the common human oral organism Streptococcus sanguis (American Type Culture Collection no. 10556). IgA protease is inactive against all other protein substrates examined including the other classes of human immunoglobulins. The role of this enzyme in affecting the function of the secretory IgA immune system is unknown. To further characterize and explain this unusual substrate specificity, the susceptibility of 31 human IgA myeloma proteins of both subclasses was investigated. 16 IgA1 and 15 IgA2 myeloma paraproteins were treated with enzyme and the extent of proteolysis was determined by cellulose actate electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and column chromatography. All IgA1 proteins were enzymatically cleaved to Fab(alpha) and Fc(alpha) fragments, but all IgA2 proteins were resistant, yielding no fragments after prolonged enzymatic treatment. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the purified Fc(alpha) fragment of a single IgA1 paraprotein was as follows: Thr-Pro-Ser-Pro-?-Thr-Pro-Pro-Thr-Pro-Ser-Pro-Ser. Comparison of this sequence to that reported for the IgA1 heavy chain shows that the enzyme-susceptible peptide bond is a Pro-Thr in the IgA1 hinge region. The most likely explanation of the resistance of the IgA2 subclass to IgA protease is a deletion in the heavy chain which commences with the critical threonine of the susceptible Pro-Thr bond.
High Assurance Security Products on COTS Platforms (2015)

With commodity operating systems failing to establish unbreakable isolation of processes, there is a need for stronger separation mechanisms. A recently launched open source project aims at applying virtualization to achieve such isolation on the widespread embedded ARM architectures. Strong assurance is established by formal verification and common criteria certification. Coexisting guest systems are able to run unmodified on the multicore platform, in a resource and cost efficient manner. The solution is rounded anchored in a secure boot process.
Synthesis and Characterization of Electron‐Deficient Pentacenes. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
F243 Temperature Measurement of Brown Adipose Cells Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (2007)

This paper introduces a method of temperature measurement of brown adipose cells using near-infrared spectroscopy. The measurement principle is based on the fact that the peak wavelength of the water absorption band with its center near 1910nm shifts with changes in temperature. We developed a measurement system for temperature changes of brown adipose cells cultured on a 60-mm-dish. To induce the heat production of the brown adipose cells, norepinephrine was added to the culture solution during measurement. Irregular changes of absorption coefficient at 1908nm were observed after the norepinephrine administration. However, the relationship between these changes and temperature has not been clear.
Two-way relay underwater acoustic communication channels with distributed space-time block coding (2014)

In this paper we study the performance of two-way relaying (TWR) over underwater acoustic (UWA) channels in conjunction with distributed space-time block coding (D-STBC). In particular, we consider the communication between two sources via relay nodes. The underlying channels are characterized as doubly selective channels. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is used to combat frequency selectivity of the channels, while front-end multiple resampling (MR) combined with frequency-domain equalization is used to combat intercarrier interference (ICI) resulting from time selectivity of the channel caused by the relative motion between the transceivers. Simulation results show the superiority of MR over its single resampling (SR) counterpart. Also, under total power constraint, AF-D-STBC (when only one source is activated at a time) outperforms AF-TWR-D-STBC, however, at the expense of less bandwidth efficiency. Also, AF-TWR-D-STBC outperforms AF-TWR (when one relay is activated) even though the former contributes more interference. Finally, to further boost the performance, successive interference cancellation (SIC) is used to extract the spatial diversity offered by the relays.
High-throughput Screening of Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Streptococcus Quorum-sensing Signal Pathway (2017)

The main components of the quorum-sensing system are expected to be favorable targets for drug development to combat various chronic infectious diseases. ComA of Streptococcus is an ATP-binding cassette transporter containing a peptidase domain (PEP), which is essential for the quorum-sensing signal production. Using high-throughput screening, we found a potent small molecule that suppressed the S. mutans quorum-sensing pathway through inhibition of PEP activity. The compound effectively attenuated the biofilm formation and competence development of S. mutans without inhibiting cell growth. The kinetic and structural studies with this molecule and a related compound unexpectedly revealed an allosteric site of PEP. This relatively hydrophobic site is thought to undergo large structural changes during the catalytic process. These compounds inhibit PEP activity by binding to and suppressing the structural changes of this site. These results showed that PEP is a good target for inhibitors of the Streptococcus quorum-sensing system.
Differential Mechanisms of Conjunctival Cell Death Induction by Ultraviolet Irradiation and Benzalkonium Chloride (2006)

UV irradiation induces typical, caspase-dependent cell death, whereas death induced by BAC associates features of caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis counteracted by an autophagic process.
The 4D microgravity method for waterflood surveillance: Part II — Gravity measurements for the Prudhoe Bay reservoir, Alaska (2007)

Abstract Between 1994 and 2002, a series of experiments was conducted at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, aimed at the development of an effective 4D (or time-lapse) gravity technique. Theoretical investigations had pointed out the potential for monitoring water injection in the 2500-m-deep reservoir, but it was not clear that gravity measurements of sufficient accuracy could be made in the arctic environment. During the course of these experiments, new techniques and instrumentation were introduced and perfected for both gravity and position measurements. Gravity stations are located using high-precision global positioning system (GPS) techniques without permanent monuments. Robust methods for meter drift control have improved noise resistance in relative gravimeter surveys. Absolute gravity measurements with a field-portable instrument maintain absolute gravity levels among surveys. A 4D gravity-difference noise of 12μGal standard deviation has been established at Prudhoe Bay for GPS-controlled relative gravimeter surveys. The lessons learned are now being applied to full-scale waterflood monitoring at Prudhoe Bay. The basic technique is applicable to microgravity surveys and 4D microgravity surveys for any purpose.
Haemofilter Efficiency As A Result Of Membrane Charge And Wettability (1984)

In recent years, haemofiltration has become a well-established method for the life-saving treatment of kidney patients. This way of purifying their blood from metabolic waste substances seems to be closer to the function of the kidney than the usual dialysis treatment: as in the natural glomerulus, substances can be separated by convective transport. Haemofilters must be characterised both by their ultrafiltration (UF) efficiency and by their ability to clear macromolecular solutes, i.e. by their sieving coefficients.KeywordsHollow Fibre MembraneBovine BloodMembrane ChargeKidney PatientReference FilterThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
One-pot synthesis of linear-like and photoluminescent polyethylenimines for intracellular imaging and siRNA delivery (2010)

Linear-like and photoluminescent polyethylenimines (LPEIs) were synthesized through a one-pot reaction within 5 min using synchrotron radiation for intracellular imaging and siRNA delivery.
Towards an autonomic distributed computing environment (2004)

Increasing hardware performance of desktop computers accounts for a low-cost computing potential that is waiting to be efficiently used. However, the complexity of installation and maintenance of a large number of distributed heterogeneous computers is limiting the use of such systems on a large scale. Systems which are autonomic, capable of managing themselves are required. The architecture of QADPZ (Quite Advanced Distributed Parallel Zystem), an open source system for heterogeneous distributed computing is presented. The system allows the management and use of the computational power of idle computers from a network of PCs. Different autonomic computing features of the system are described, together with possible extensions of the system towards an autonomic distributed computing system.
Preformulation and stability in biological fluids of the retrocyclin RC-101, a potential anti-HIV topical microbicide (2011)

Our results emphasize the importance of preformulation evaluations and highlight the impact of HVF on microbicide product stability and efficacy. RC-101 was stable in normal HVF for at least 48 h, indicating that it is a promising candidate for microbicide product development. However, RC-101 stability appears compromised in individuals with BV, requiring more advanced formulation strategies for stabilization in this environment.
Differential Angiogenic Gene Expression in TP53 Wild-Type and Mutant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines (2014)

Objectives: Underlying mechanisms regulating angiogenesis in ovarian cancer have not been completely elucidated. Evidence suggests that the TP53 tumor suppressor pathway and tumor microenvironment play integral roles. We utilized microarray technology to study the interaction between TP53 mutational status & hypoxia on angiogenic gene expression. Methods: Affymetrix U133A arrays were analyzed for angiogenic gene expression in 19 ovarian cancer cell lines stratified both by TP53 mutation status and A2780 wild-type (wt) TP53 vs. mutated (m) TP53 cell lines after treatment under hypoxic conditions or with ionizing radiation. Results: Twenty-eight differentially expressed angiogenic genes were identified in the mTP53 cell lines compared to wtTP53 lines. Five genes were upregulated in mTP53 cells: 40% involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation (MMP10/15) and 60% in angiogenesis (FGFR3/VEGFA/EPHB4). Twenty-three genes were upregulated in wtTP53: nearly 22% were ECM constituents or involved in ECM degradation; over 40% were growth factors or mediators of angiogenesis. Five genes were upregulated in the A2780mTP53 cells: 40% involved in ECM remodeling (MMP10, ADAMTS1), 40% with pro-angiogenic activity (EFNB2, F2R), and 20% with anti-angiogenic properties (ADAMTS1). Three genes were upregulated in hypoxia treated cells compared to controls: 1 with anti-angiogenic activity (ANGPTL4) and 2 with pro-angiogenic activity (VEGFA, EFNA3). No significant gene fold changes were noted after exposure to radiation. Four genes continued to demonstrate significant differential expression (p≤0.05) after adjusting for multiple comparisons. These genes included ENG upregulation in wild-type lines and upregulation of FGF-20, ADAMTS1 & MMP10 in mTP53 lines. Conclusions: Our exploratory findings indicate that non-overlapping angiogenic pathways may be altered by TP53 mutations and hypoxic conditions in ththe tumor microenvironment. Further evaluation is needed for confirmation.
ChemInform Abstract: Gas‐Phase IR Spectroscopy of N2O in an Equilibrium Cell at 10 and 5 K (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Facile, green and affordable strategy for structuring natural graphite/polymer composite with efficient electromagnetic interference shielding (2015)

The mechanical mixing and hot compaction method was firstly used to fabricate graphite/polymer segregated composite for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding.
Angiotensin II increases norepinephrine release from atria by acting on angiotensin subtype 1 receptors. (1993)

Norepinephrine stores in electrically driven guinea pig isolated atria were loaded with [3H]norepinephrine, and norepinephrine release was deduced from the radioactivity efflux. Electrical field stimulation of sympathetic nerve endings was applied during the refractory period of atrial contractions. The stimulation-induced release of norepinephrine was increased by angiotensin II (Ang II) (10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/L) in a concentration-dependent manner. The maximum observed effect was a 55% augmentation. The effects of 10(-7) and 10(-6) mol/L Ang II were abolished by 10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/L of the subtype 1 Ang II receptor antagonist losartan, respectively. Losartan by itself (10(-6) mol/L) caused a 14% reduction of norepinephrine release. The subtype 2 Ang II receptor ligand PD 123319 (1-[[4-(dimethylamino)-3-methylphenyl]methyl]-5-(diphenylacetyl)- 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid ditrifluoroacetate) in a concentration of 10(-4) mol/L had no detectable influence on transmitter release and did not antagonize the effect of Ang II. Angiotensin I (10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/L) increased norepinephrine release maximally by 23%. This effect was antagonized by 10(-5) mol/L losartan and did not appear in the presence of 10(-6) mol/L of the converting enzyme inhibitor ramiprilat. These results suggest that Ang II increases norepinephrine release by an activation of subtype 1 receptors, whereas angiotensin I is converted to Ang II to become effective.
Premiers résultats d'enquête: les virus envahissent le melon (2005)

National audience
Feasibility of photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging of synovitis in finger joints using a point-of-care system (2017)

We evaluate a portable ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) system for the feasibility of a point-of-care assessment of clinically evident synovitis. Inflamed and non-inflamed proximal interphalangeal joints of 10 patients were examined and compared with joints from 7 healthy volunteers. PAI scans, ultrasound power Doppler (US-PD), and clinical examination were performed. We quantified the amount of photoacoustic (PA) signal using a region of interest (ROI) drawn over the hypertrophic joint space. PAI response was increased 4 to 10 fold when comparing inflamed with contralateral non-inflamed joints and with joints from healthy volunteers (p < 0.001 for both). US-PD and PAI were strongly correlated (Spearman's ρ = 0.64, with 95% CI: 0.42, 0.79). Hence, PAI using a compact handheld probe is capable of detecting clinically evident synovitis. This motivates further investigation into the predictive value of PAI, including multispectral PAI, with other established modalities such as US-PD or MRI.