gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Set Theory: Foundations and Applications (1997)

Information, uncertainty and complexity classical logic basic concepts and notation fuzzy sets - basic concepts and properties fuzzy sets - further properties classical relations fuzzy relations fuzzy logic applications - a survey an historical overview established applications prospective applications illustrative examples.
Development of corrosion protection layers for current collectors (2014)

Due to the intercalation of both cations and anions in this new type of battery, the voltage can reach values above 5 V. This can lead to the corrosion of the aluminum current collector if the electrolyte containing fluorinated anions is used. However, the advantages of ionic liquid over organic solvent based solutions overbalance and there is no useful option to replace them. Therefore it is necessary to protect the aluminum current collector with an electronically conductive, defect free and stable coating. Several coating methods and material compositions were tested and the performance of the coatings are investigated in long term cell tests with cyclic voltammetry.
The use of finite impulse response filters in pulse design (1989)

Abstract We develop a new way of synthesizing pulse sequences with desirable frequency characteristics. By combining our previous results with techniques from the theory of finite impulse response filters, we can specify (1) the total duration of the pulse sequence, (2) the frequency ranges it is desired to perturb, (3) the desired perturbation, and (4) the frequency range it is desired not to perturb. We can then synthesize a hard pulse sequence which will yield that desired perturbation with the minimal possible error. The minimum error is global, in the sense that no pulse sequence can do better at achieving the specifications, and is not just a local minimum, around the pulse sequences close to the derived pulse. © 1989 Academic Press, Inc.
A spectral algorithm for the seriation problem (1994)

Given a set of objects and a correlation function f reflecting the desire for two items to be near each other, find all sequences {pi} of the items so that correlation preferences are preserved; that is if {pi}(i) < {pi}(j) < {pi}(k) then f(i,j) {ge} f(i,k) and f(j,k) {ge} f(i,k). This seriation problem has numerous applications, for instance, solving it yields a solution to the consecutive ones problem. We present a spectral algorithm for this problem that has a number of interesting features. Whereas most previous applications of spectral techniques provided bounds or heuristics, our result is an algorithm for a nontrivial combinatorial problem. Our analysis introduces powerful tools from matrix theory to the theoretical computer science community. Also, spectral methods are being applied as heuristics for a variety of sequencing problems and our result helps explain and justify these applications. Although the worst case running time for our approach is not competitive with that of existing methods for well posed problem instances, unlike combinatorial approaches our algorithm remains a credible heuristic for the important cases where there are errors in the data.
Histamine: The Quintessential Mediator (1996)

Histamine is unique in being the only substance described to date which fulfils all of the criteria established by Dale for an inflammatory mediator. Thus, histamine is known to cause the "Triple Response" of Lewis and to act via H1 and H2 receptors to produce vasodilation and increased vascular permeability; elevated levels of histamine are found in inflamed tissue; histamine is produced and stored in mast cells and there are established mechanisms for histamine release via mast cell surface receptors; and antihistamines alleviate the clinical manifestations of histamine release. There have been several recent advances in our understanding of histamine pharmacology and of the pathomechanisms of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), a disease in which histamine plays an important role. Two new histamine receptors have been identified, the inhibitory (H3) receptor and the intracellular (H(ic)) receptor involved in cell proliferation. There is now evidence that mast cell derived histamine release in patients with CIU is due to an autoimmune disease, mediated by autoantibodies to the alpha-subunit of the high affinity IgE receptor on mast cells and basophils. Removal of these autoantibodies by plasmapheresis, or treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins may cause clinical remission. Cyclosporin A has also been found to be of benefit to some patients with CIU probably due to a mast cell "stabilising" effect, leading to reduced release of histamine and other mediators. This article reviews our current knowledge on histamine, its role, receptors and mechanisms for release.
Highly sensitive ZnO nanowire ethanol sensor with Pd adsorption (2007)

The authors report the growth of high-density single crystalline ZnO nanowires on patterned ZnO:Ga∕SiO2∕Si templates, Pd adsorption on nanowire surfaces, and the fabrication of ZnO nanowire-based ethanol gas sensors. With Pd adsorption, it was found that measured sensitivities of the ethanol gas sensors increased from 18.5% to 44.5% at 170°C and increased from 36.0% to 61.5% at 230°C.
Huez – Le Lac Blanc. Prospection thématique (2013) (2015)

Les mines de plomb argentiferes sises au Lac Blanc ont fait l’objet d’une etude en lien avec le site de Brandes dans les annees 1980. Outre les chantiers miniers, une forge et deux halles de stockage du charbon de bois avaient ete fouillees. Les chantiers eux-memes apparaissaient a l’affleurement du filon et se developpaient a ciel ouvert et en souterrain. Une galerie d’exhaure d’une quarantaine de metres de longueur avait ete topographiee a la base du systeme filonien. Malgre ces acquis, des...
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Phase I Study of the Combination of Sorafenib and Temsirolimus in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 85K&lt;/p&gt;
PROTMAP2D: visualization, comparison and analysis of 2D maps of protein structure (2007)

PROTMAP2D for Windows / Linux / MacOSX is freely available for academic users from http://genesilico.pl/protmap2d.htm
A novel approach to improve cardiac performance: cardiac myosin activators (2009)

Decreased systolic function is a central factor in the pathogenesis of heart failure, yet there are no safe medical therapies to improve cardiac function in patients. Currently available inotropes, such as dobutamine and milrinone, increase cardiac contractility at the expense of increased intracellular concentrations of calcium and cAMP, contributing to increased heart rate, hypotension, arrhythmias, and mortality. These adverse effects are inextricably linked to their inotropic mechanism of action. A new class of pharmacologic agents, cardiac myosin activators, directly targets the kinetics of the myosin head. In vitro studies have demonstrated that these agents increase the rate of effective myosin cross-bridge formation, increasing the duration and amount of myocyte contraction, and inhibit non-productive consumption of ATP, potentially improving myocyte energy utilization, with no effect on intracellular calcium or cAMP. Animal models have shown that this novel mechanism increases the systolic ejection time, resulting in improved stroke volume, fractional shortening, and hemodynamics with no effect on myocardial oxygen demand, culminating in significant increases in cardiac efficiency. A first-in-human study in healthy volunteers with the lead cardiac myosin activator, CK-1827452, as well as preliminary results from a study in patients with stable chronic heart failure, have extended these findings to humans, demonstrating significant increases in systolic ejection time, fractional shortening, stroke volume, and cardiac output. These studies suggest that cardiac myosin activators offer the promise of a safe and effective treatment for heart failure. A program of clinical studies are being planned to test whether CK-1827452 will fulfill that promise.
Impact of overlapping recruitment on linkage analysis of complex disorders: Simulation studies (2001)

Evidence for significant linkage in complexly inherited disorders usually necessitates independent, replicative studies. This study investigates the implications of including in the replicative studies families already used to suggest linkage in initial linkage analysis. We generated 1,000 unlinked replicates of 100 nuclear families with a complexly inherited disease but with no linkage to the markers analyzed. We then used a standard nonparametric linkage method to analyze these data. From the original 1,000 replicates of the original data set, one set was chosen as it yielded suggestive, but falsely positive, linkage results (LOD score = 3.4). Variable numbers of randomly selected families from this positive replicate (n = 100 families) were used to replace families in replicates of the original (unlinked) data set, and linkage analysis repeated. Overlap of families from the "positive data set" did increase the LOD scores for "unlinked data sets." While a small amount of overlap (replacement) between a positive linkage result and the replication sample is unlikely in practice to alter results, our study suggests that steps should be taken to ensure that overlap is minimized. The implications of this overlapping recruitment on replicative linkage studies are discussed.
Two Renowned Nutritionists To Lead British Nutrition Foundation (1970)

1President for the day-to-day operations of Great Britain's most influential nutrition group 2Director for the day-to-day operations of Great Britain's most influential nutrition group
Gamma-ray-induced effects in erbium-doped fiber optic amplifiers (1998)

Four Erbium doped fiber optic amplifiers (EDFAs) were irradiated by gamma-rays to dose levels of 40 Krad(Si) and 100 Krad(Si) at dose rates of 0.25 rad(Si) sec<SUP>-1</SUP> and 1.0 rad(Si) sec<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. All EDFAs were observed to incur radiation induced permanent decreases to their pre-irradiated signal gains. The paper will discuss the influence of gamma-ray irradiations on EDFA parameters such as gain, noise figure, and integrated amplified spontaneous emission. A brief discussion of how changes to these parameters evolve is presented.
F3‐05‐04: WHITE MATTER HYPERINTENSITIES AND COGNITION: THE MODERATING ROLE OF QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN A MULTIRACIAL COMMUNITY SAMPLE (2019)

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are considered markers of small vessel cerebrovascular disease and are associated with worse cognition and greater dementia risk. While higher reading level, a proxy for quality of education, is associated with reduced dementia risk and better cognitive outcomes, it is unclear whether it contributes to the maintenance of cognition despite cerebrovascular pathology. We determined whether reading level moderates the relationship between WMH and cognition among community-dwelling Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults. Participants were 428 non-Hispanic (44% White, 56% Black; age=74±6yrs; 60%women) and 215 Hispanic (age=75±6yrs; 61%women) older adults in a longitudinal aging study, who underwent a neuropsychological evaluation, 3T MRI scanning, and nondemented at study visit. Reading level was measured by performance on the Wide Range Achievement Test – Reading Subtest in English or the Word Accentuation Test in Spanish. General linear models tested main effects and interactions of reading level and WMH on cognition, adjusted for race, sex/gender, and years of education. Greater WMH was associated with worse memory (β=−.739,[−1.319,−.159]) and language (β=−.492,[−.854,−.129]) among non-Hispanics, but not with cognition among Hispanics. Within non-Hispanics, there was a reading level and WMH interaction on memory (β=.014,[.002, .026]) and language (β=.010,[.002,.017]), indicating that greater reading level protected from the detrimental effects of WMH on cognition. Contrary to our hypotheses, among Hispanics, there was a trend for a reading level and WMH interaction (β=−.030,[−.061, .002]) on processing speed, indicating that above a specific reading level, WMH had a negative overall effect on speed. Quality of education, as measured by reading level, moderated the relationship between cerebrovascular pathology—in the form of WMH—and cognition. However, this relationship was observed primarily among non-Hispanics, indicating that greater quality of education conferred reserve from the negative effect of WMH on memory and language abilities. Among Hispanics, quality of education did not protect against the effects of WMH on cognition. Between-group differences are likely caused by multiple factors, of which one may be the overall lower cognitive performance and educational levels among Hispanics compared to non-Hispanics. Future analyses will examine whether the relationship between reading level and WMH on cognition affect cognitive trajectories and dementia risk later in life.
Effect of photoperiod on body mass, food intake and body composition in the field vole,Microtus agrestis (2005)

Many small mammals respond to seasonal changes in photoperiod by altering body mass and adiposity. These animals may provide valuable models for understanding the regulation of energy balance. Here, we present data on the field vole (Microtus agrestis) - a previously uncharacterised example of photoperiod-induced changes in body mass. We examined the effect of increased day length on body mass, food intake, apparent digestive efficiency, body composition, de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid composition of adipose tissue in cold-acclimated (8 degrees C) male field voles by transferring them from a short (SD, 8 h:16 h L:D) to long day photoperiod (LD, 16 h:8 h L:D). During the first 4 weeks of exposure to LD, voles underwent a substantial increase in body mass, after which the average difference between body masses of LD and SD voles stabilized at 7.5 g. This 24.8% increase in body mass reflected significant increases in absolute amounts of all body components, including dry fat mass, dry lean mass and body water mass. After correcting body composition and organ morphology data for the differences in body mass, only gonads (testes and seminal vesicles) were enlarged due to photoperiod treatment. To meet energetic demands of deposition and maintenance of extra tissue, voles adjusted their food intake to an increasing body mass and improved their apparent digestive efficiency. Consequently, although mass-corrected food intake did not differ between the photoperiod groups, the LD voles undergoing body mass increase assimilated on average 8.4 kJ day(-1) more than animals maintained in SD. The majority (73-77%) of the fat accumulated as adipose tissue had dietary origin. The rate of de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid composition of adipose tissue were not affected by photoperiod. The most important characteristics of the photoperiodic regulation of energy balance in the field vole are the clear delineation between phases where animals regulate body mass at two different levels and the rate at which animals are able to switch between different levels of energy homeostasis. Our data indicate that the field vole may provide an attractive novel animal model for investigation of the regulation of body mass and energy homeostasis at both organism and molecular levels.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Catalysis Sees the Light: Combining Photoredox with Organo‐, Acid, and Transition‐Metal Catalysis (2014)

Abstract Review: [61 refs.
A method for optimization against cure-induced distortion in composite parts (2023)

Abstract This paper describes a novel method developed for the optimization of composite components against distortion caused by cure-induced residual stresses. A novel ply stack alteration algorithm is described, which is coupled to a parametrized CAD/FE model used for optimization. Elastic strain energy in 1D spring elements, used to constrain the structure during analysis, serves as an objective function incorporating aspects of global/local part stiffness in predicted distortion. Design variables such as the number and stacking sequence of plies, and geometric parameters of the part are used. The optimization problem is solved using commercial software combined with Python scripts. The method is exemplified with a case study of a stiffened panel subjected to buckling loads. Results are presented, and the effectiveness of the method to reduce the effects of cure-induced distortion is discussed.
Manganese carbonate minerals and their alteration products in Silurian metalliferous nodules from the region of Asaritsa peak, West Balkan Mountain (2022)

The studied Silurian nodules have hard light cores and dark shells. The cores consist of quartz with disseminated zonal carbonate mineral and pyrite. Zones in the carbonate have a variable composition from Mn-containing siderite, ankerite and dolomite to mixed Fe-Mn carbonate and Fe-containing rhodochrosite. The nodule shells are composed of quartz, chlorite, sericite, goethite, Mn-Fe oxyhydroxides and siderite. Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides in the nodule shells are formed due to an alteration of the carbonate minerals and inherited their composition. The formation of the nodules with Fe- and Mn-carbonates is related to diagenetic processes under reducing conditions of low Eh and high pH values. Later, carbonate minerals were altered into Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides. These alteration changes can be related to the influence of later magmatic activity in the area. An example of this activity is the presence of an igneous bodies established on both sides of the section.
Comparison of ZORBAX StableBond 300 Å LC Columns to Optimize Selectivity for Antibody Separations Using HPLC and LC/MS* (2006)

StableBond 300 A Rapid Resolution (3.5 µm) LC columns with different bonded phases were used to systematically develop a reversed-phase LC/MS method for reduced antibodies that provides effective separations of light chains and two variants of heavy chains containing N-terminal glutamine and pyroglutamic acid. The best separation was achieved on ZORBAX 300 A SB-CN LC Columns eluted with increasing percentage of n-propanol and acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Syntaxes and Matching Rules (2006)

Each attribute stored in a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
(LDAP) directory, whose values may be transferred in the LDAP
protocol, has a defined syntax that constrains the structure and
format of its values. The comparison semantics for values of a syntax
are not part of the syntax definition but are instead provided through
separately defined matching rules. Matching rules specify an argument,
an assertion value, which also has a defined syntax. This document
defines a base set of syntaxes and matching rules for use in defining
attributes for LDAP directories. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Probing Magnetism in 2D Molecular Networks after in Situ Metalation by Transition Metal Atoms (2015)

Metalated molecules are the ideal building blocks for the bottom-up fabrication of, e.g., two-dimensional arrays of magnetic particles for spintronics applications. Compared to chemical synthesis, metalation after network formation by an atom beam can yield a higher degree of control and flexibility and allows for mixing of different types of magnetic atoms. We report on successful metalation of tetrapyridyl-porphyrins (TPyP) by Co and Cr atoms, as demonstrated by scanning tunneling microscopy experiments. For the metalation, large periodic networks formed by the TPyP molecules on a Ag(111) substrate are exposed in situ to an atom beam. Voltage-induced dehydrogenation experiments support the conclusion that the porphyrin macrocycle of the TPyP molecule incorporates one transition metal atom. The newly synthesized Co-TPyP and Cr-TPyP complexes exhibit striking differences in their electronic behavior, leading to a magnetic character for Cr-TPyP only as evidenced by Kondo resonance measurements.
33 High-resolution cryo-EM structure of theTrypanosoma brucei80S: a unique eukaryotic ribosome (2013)

Eukaryotic 80S ribosomes of known structure are far more complex than their 70S bacterial counterparts. Those from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Tetrahymena thermophila, and Triticum aestivum, for example, bear insertions of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) called expansion segments (ES) and additional ribosomal proteins. The ribosomes of the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei, though, are especially fascinating: structurally and their other kinetoplastids’ ribosomes bear very large ESs, as well as smaller ESs, and protein extensions. Additionally, T. brucei ribosomes require novel protein factors for maturation, although they do not require several eukaryotic initiation factors or a recycling factor. As a species, T. brucei is fascinating not only in terms of structure, but also in terms of gene expression and even public health: the species is responsible for the incurable, terminal human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness); and during post-transcriptional regulation, a single common RNA segment called a splice leader is trans-spliced onto the 5′ ends of many of T. brucei’s mRNAs. The purpose of this splice event in translation is unknown. Here, we present a high-resolution structure of the T. brucei ribosome which contributes a great deal to addressing the above unknowns. We have employed map segmentation, homology modeling, ab initio rRNA modeling, and Molecular Dynamics Flexible Fitting (MDFF) to model the ribosome’s atomic structure. The positions and structures of the ribosome’s novel ESs and protein extensions were previously unknown, but our structure reveals the precise spatial contexts of these components. With this information in hand, we can begin to decipher T. brucei’s unusual translational requirements.
A 75-GHz Dynamic Antenna Array for Real-Time Imageless Object Detection via Fourier Domain Filtering (2022)

We present a millimeter-wave dynamic antenna array operating at 75 GHz that can identify strong spatial Fourier domain artifacts in real-time for object detection without image reconstruction. Objects with sharp edges manifest broad-spectrum spatial frequency signals in the spatial Fourier domain that are located at angles orthogonal to the edge direction. The presented technique is based on active interferometry where noise transmitting sources are implemented to illuminate the scene of interest by mimicking thermal radiation. With rotational array dynamics, a one-dimensional (1D) array comprising of two transmitters and two receivers synthesizes a ring-shaped sampling function collecting sparse spatial Fourier information. In this way, broad-spectrum signals are captured, which can then be used for shape characterization. While the approach enables object classification, it does not sample enough information for full image reconstruction, which is beneficial for privacy preserving in contraband detection. We experimentally demonstrate the detection of simple objects with reduced information acquisition compared to full imaging systems.
Realizing freeform lenses using an optics 3D-printer for industrial based tailored irradiance distribution (2019)

Recent energy efficient illumination advancements have capitalized on using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in combination with freeform lenses. However, the available freeform lens design methods are application specific. In addition, manufacturing of this class of optics is challenging. In this work, considering manufacturing constraints, we apply a customized algorithm to design freeform lenses for (1) transforming LED radiation into a uniform rectangular illumination pattern and (2) shaping collimated LED light beams into complex image target irradiance distributions. The algorithm is based on a numerical solution of the elliptic Monge–Ampere equation. Then, we proposed manufacturing these lenses using a modified ink-jet 3D printing technology called Printoptical technology. The demonstrated optical performance of printed lenses, exhibiting surface roughness of $\textrm {RMS} = 10\pm 2$RMS=10±2 nm, is in good agreement with the simulation. We also explored an industrial application of the 3D-printed lens matrix for low-cost illumination of a paper milling machine.