gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GALACTOSEMIA Web DB: A web accessible database of Galactosemia related proteins (2016)

Galactose is a monosaccharide present in several foods and, once introduced into the body, it is metabolised by a biochemical pathway involving three enzymes: galactokinase (GALK), galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT), and UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase (GALE). Hereditary deficiencies of these three enzymes in humans are related to three different forms of the genetic disease globally called "galactosemia". The impairment of GALK causes Galactosemia Type II, whereas GALT deficiency causes the disease called Classic Galactosemia, and finally GALE deficiency is linked to Galactosemia type III or Galactose Epimerase deficiency. The clinical manifestations of each enzyme deficiency differ markedly: patients with GALK deficiency, for example, have the mildest clinical consequences, while Classic Galactosemia is potentially lethal in infancy, if undiagnosed and/or untreated, and is also associated with long-term, organ-specific complications. The impairment of these enzymes is linked to the presence of mutations in their genes. The most common ones are missense mutations, causing the replacement of a residue on the protein sequence with another one. This kind of mutation can have different effects depending on whether the original residue is replaced with a very similar or very different one, and depending on the place where the original residue is located on the protein structure. It has been shown elsewhere that it is possible to infer the severity of a mutation by using computational approaches that can predict its impact on protein structure and function, provided that the structure is known. This kind of knowledge can be thus of help to correlate the severity of symptoms with the effect at protein level, to better understand and, possibly, to predict, the outcome of a mutation on individuals carrying it. The aim of the proposed web-accessible database is to collect and provide information about the predicted structural and functional effects of missense mutations of the enzymes linked to the different forms of galactosemia, in order to help researchers to reach a deeper comprehension of these genetic diseases. At time of writing, we are working to develop an unique database that includes the variants of GALT enzyme, already described in the GALT protein DB, and the variants of GALK and GALE enzymes, and to allow the users to extract information about structural and functional effects of each variant by several kinds of combinable filters. The perspective of this work is to have a tool suitable for investigating with a similar approach also other proteins subjected to variations.
The Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism (1974)

Conference Abstract| February 01 1974 The Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism L. S. Galante; L. S. Galante 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. W. Colston; K. W. Colston 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar I. M. A. Evans; I. M. A. Evans 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. G. Larkins; R. G. Larkins 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. J. MacAuley; S. J. MacAuley 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar I. MacIntyre I. MacIntyre 1Endocrine Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci Mol Med (1974) 46 (2): 9P–10P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs046009Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation L. S. Galante, K. W. Colston, I. M. A. Evans, R. G. Larkins, S. J. MacAuley, I. MacIntyre; The Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism. Clin Sci Mol Med 1 February 1974; 46 (2): 9P–10P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs046009Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1974 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1974 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The impact of 1/ f activity and baseline correction on the results and interpretation of time-frequency analyses of EEG/MEG data: A cautionary tale (2020)

Abstract Typically, time-frequency analysis (TFA) of electrophysiological data is aimed at isolating narrowband signals (oscillatory activity) from broadband non-oscillatory (1/ f ) activity, so that changes in oscillatory activity resulting from experimental manipulations can be assessed. A widely used method to do this is to convert the data to the decibel (dB) scale through baseline division and log transformation. This procedure assumes that, for each frequency, sources of power (i.e., oscillations and 1/ f activity) scale by the same factor relative to the baseline (multiplicative model). This assumption may be incorrect when signal and noise are independent contributors to the power spectrum (additive model). Using resting-state EEG data from 80 participants, we found that the level of 1/ f activity and alpha power are not positively correlated within participants, in line with the additive but not the multiplicative model. Then, to assess the effects of dB conversion on data that violate the multiplicativity assumption, we simulated a mixed design study with one between-subject (noise level, i.e., level of 1/ f activity) and one within-subject (signal amplitude, i.e., amplitude of oscillatory activity added onto the background 1/ f activity) factor. The effect size of the noise level × signal amplitude interaction was examined as a function of noise difference between groups, following dB conversion. Findings revealed that dB conversion led to the over- or under-estimation of the true interaction effect when groups differing in 1/ f levels were compared, and it also led to the emergence of illusory interactions when none were present. This is because signal amplitude was systematically underestimated in the noisier compared to the less noisy group. Hence, we recommend testing whether the level of 1/ f activity differs across groups or conditions and using multiple baseline correction strategies to validate results if it does. Such a situation may be particularly common in aging, developmental, or clinical studies.
Predict Demographic Information Using Word2vec on Spatial Trajectories (2018)

Inferring socio-demographic attributes of users is an important and challenging task that could help with personalization, recommendation, advertising, etc. Sensor data collected from mobile devices can be utilized for inferring such attributes. Previous works have focused on combining different types of sensors, such as applications, accelerometer, GPS, battery, and many others, to achieve this task. In this study, we were able to infer attributes, such as gender, age, marital status, and whether the user has children, using solely the GPS sensor. We suggest a novel inference technique, which learns an embedding representation of preprocessed spatial GPS trajectories using an adaption of the Word2vec approach. Based on the embedding representation, we later train multiple classification models to achieve the inference goals. Our empirical results indicate that the suggested embedding approach outperforms a classification approach which does not take into consideration the embedding patterns. Experiments on real datasets collected from Android devices show that the proposed method achieves over 80% accuracy for various demographic prediction tasks.
Efficacy of single versus four repeated doses of praziquantel against Schistosoma mansoni infection in school-aged children from Côte d'Ivoire based on Kato-Katz and POC-CCA: An open-label, randomised controlled trial (RePST) (2020)

www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02868385.
Offset quantum-well method for tunable distributed Bragg reflector lasers and electro-absorption modulated distributed feedback lasers (2005)

A two-section offset quantum-well structure tunable laser with a tuning range of 7 nm was fabricated using offset quantum-well method. The distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) was realized just by selectively wet etching the multiquantum-well (MQW) layer above the quaternary lower waveguide. A threshold current of 32 mA and an output power of 9 mW at 100 mA were achieved. Furthermore, with this offset structure method, a distributed feedback (DFB) laser was integrated with an electro-absorption modulator (EAM), which was capable of producing 20 dB of optical extinction.
Structural role of tyrosine in Bombyx mori silk fibroin, studied by solid‐state NMR and molecular mechanics on a model peptide prepared as silk I and II (2004)

The influence of the bulky and H-bonding Tyr side-chain on its Ala- and Gly-rich environment in Bombyx mori silk fibroin was examined by (13)C cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS), static (2)H and (19)F NMR and molecular mechanics calculations. Model peptides of the type (AG)(15) were synthesized with Tyr in a number of different positions, precipitated under conditions favoring either of the two characteristic protein conformations, and the resulting structures were assigned from their (13)C chemical shifts. Dialysis of native fibroin or the simple (AG)(15) peptide from a 9 M LiBr solution against water produces silk I (the structure of silk before spinning), whereas drying from formic acid yields silk II (fibrous structure after spinning). We found that the introduction one or more Tyr into (AG)(15) can have a dramatic effect not only on the local backbone conformation but also on the long-range intermolecular chain packing in the samples. The antiparallel beta-sheet conformation of silk II is able readily to accommodate a single Tyr residue. Interestingly, the beta-turn conformation of silk I only remains stable when Tyr is positioned near the chain terminus in (AG)(12)YG(AG)(2), but the conformation is driven towards silk II when Tyr is located in the central region of (AG)(7)YG(AG)(7). The role of H-bonding was tested by replacing Tyr with Phe or 4F-Phe, which are no longer compatible with silk I and fully induced a silk II conformation. In the presence of several Tyr residues a mixture of distorted beta-sheet and beta-turn conformations was obtained, regardless of the precipitation conditions. Static (2)H NMR of ring-deuterated [3',5'-(2)H(2)]Tyr located in the central region of (AG)(7)YG(AG)(7) showed that the side-chain is immobilized in both silk I and II, which was also observed by static (19)F NMR of the 4F-Phe analogue. To visualize the local packing around the Tyr side-chain, molecular mechanics calculations were performed on a mixture of (AG)(4) and AGAGYGAG, starting from either the beta-turn type II or the antiparallel beta-sheet structure. The resulting structures show that the intermolecular chain arrangement is significantly affected by Tyr, thus explaining the long-range packing effects in the semi-crystalline regions of silk fibers compared with the crystalline regions that are devoid of Tyr.
Tomographic Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Signals for Enhanced Resolution (2019)

Spotlight-mode synthetic aperture radar imaging is studied from the viewpoint of tomographic signal processing which allows the relaxation of the nearly-universal assumption that plane waves pass over the ground patch. This allows high-quality image reconstruction in the face of arbitrary amounts of wavefront curvature such as would be present when the angle subtended by the ground patch, as seen by the radar, is not small. One such application is wide-area surveillance. A meth- odology is used which has the benefits of a wideband transmitted signal (impulse) and a sensible simulation. Image reconstruction algorithms are developed for monostatic and bistatic systems. Simulation results using these algorithms compare favorably with baseline simulations which use a more conventional algorithm operating on data which do not embody the effects of wavefront curvature. Comments on system design and computational implementation are made as necessary. A new set of problems which appear to benefit from the tomographic viewpoint is posed. This work may also find applications in some forms of reflection tomography.
5G Wireless and Wired Convergence in a Passive Optical Network using UF-OFDM and GFDM (2017)

The provision of both wireless and wired services in the optical access domain will be an important function for future passive optical networks (PON). With the emergence of 5th generation (5G) mobile communications, a move toward a dense deployment of small cell antenna sites, in conjunction with a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture, is foreseen. This type of network architecture greatly increases the requirement for high capacity mobile fronthaul and backhaul links. An efficient way of achieving such connectivity is to make use of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) PON infrastructure where wireless and wired services may be converged for distribution. In this work, for the first time, the convergence of 5G wireless candidate waveforms with a single-carrier wired signal is demonstrated in a PON. Three bands of universally filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (UF-OFDM) and generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), are transmitted at an intermediate frequency in conjunction with a digital 10Gb/s pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signal in the downlink direction. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is also evaluated as a benchmark. Results show, for each waveform, how performance varies due to the 5G channel spacing - indicating UF-OFDM's superiority in terms of PON convergence. Successful transmission over 25km of fibre is also demonstrated for all waveforms.
Three-Dimensional Medical Image Recognition of Blood Vessels by Multi-Layered GMDH-Type Neural Network Self-Selecting Optimum Neural Network Architecture (2007)

In this study, a new multi-layered Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH)-type neural network self-selecting optimum neural network architecture is proposed. We call this algorithm as revised GMDH-type neural network algorithm self-selecting optimum neural network architecture. Revised GMDH-type neural network algorithm has an ability of self-selecting optimum neural network architecture from three neural network architectures such as sigmoid function neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network and polynomial neural network. Revised GMDH-type neural network also have abilities of self-selecting the number of layers, the number of neurons in hidden layers and useful input variables. This algorithm is applied to medical image recognition and it is shown that this algorithm is useful for medical image recognition and is very easy to apply practical complex problem because optimum neural network architecture is automatically organized.
Performance of novel synchronisation algorithm over AWGN channels (1993)

Recently a novel symbol timing recovery technique that is implemented in the frequency domain has been presented. This technique is briefly described, where the performance of the time error estimator under noisy conditions is assessed. Four different methods for time-error estimation are discussed, and the simulation results show that highly accurate estimates can be achieved.
Research Pays Off: Service Life Modeling: Selecting Repair and Rehabilitation Options for Bridge Structures (2009)

Evaluating the corrosion condition of a reinforced concrete structure is essential in developing a strategy for repair and rehabilitation after corrosion-induced damage. The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) therefore initiated a project to develop a protocol for evaluating the condition of bridge superstructure elements, for estimating the remaining service life, and for identifying the options for mitigating the corrosion. The project findings produced a condition survey protocol, a model for remaining service life, and a susceptibility index to designate the likelihood of corrosion. This article briefly summarizes the problem, the solution, the applications of the model, and the benefits realized. NCHRP Report 558, Manual on Service Life of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Bridge Superstructure Elements, presents the findings of this research project which was conducted by CONCORR, Incorporated.
Water-Cut Estimation Uncertainty from Microwave Sensors (2018)

Accurate measurement of oil, water and gas flow without separation has always been a challenge in the oil and gas industry as it involves estimation of five different parameters. One of the critical parameters to estimate is Water-Cut (WC), which is the ratio of water flow rate to the total liquid flow rate. In this paper we employ microwave sensing techniques to measure WC. To establish the accuracy of microwave sensors for WC estimation a static mixer based approach is established with a ground truth accuracy of . Based on this ground truth the Water-Cut estimation accuracy is found to be ±1.5%. This paper is comprehensive summary of the experimental procedure, approach to estimate the uncertainty in reference Water-Cut and the performance of microwave sensors in estimating Water-Cut.
Inductive definitions in constraint programming (2013)

Constraint programming (CP) and answer set programming (ASP) are two declarative paradigms used to solve combinatorial problems. Many modern solvers for both these paradigms rely on partial or complete Boolean representations of the problem to exploit the extremely efficient techniques that have been developed for solving propositional satisfiability problems. This convergence on a common representation makes it possible to incorporate useful features of CP into ASP and vice versa. There has been significant effort in recent years to integrate CP into ASP, primarily to overcome the grounding bottleneck in traditional ASP solvers that exists due to their inability to handle integer variables efficiently. On the other hand, ASP solvers are more efficient than CP systems on problems that involve inductive definitions, such as reachability in a graph. Besides efficiency, ASP syntax is more natural and closer to the mathematical definitions of such concepts. In this paper, we describe an approach that adds support for answer set rules to a CP system, namely the lazy clause generation solver chuffed. This integration also naturally avoids the grounding bottleneck of ASP since constraint solvers natively support finite domain variables. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach by comparing our new system against two competitors: the state-of-the-art ASP solver clasp, and clingcon, a system that extends clasp with CP capabilities.
Magnetic properties of self-organized Co dimer nanolines on Si/Ag(110) (2015)

We demonstrate the kinetically controlled growth of one-dimensional Co nanomagnets with a high lateral order on a nanopatterned Ag(110) surface. First, self-organized Si nanoribbons are formed upon submonolayer condensation of Si on the anisotropic Ag(110) surface. Depending on the growth temperature, individual or regular arrays (with a pitch of 2 nm) of Si nanoribbons can be grown. Next, the Si/Ag(110) system is used as a novel one-dimensional Si template to guide the growth of Co dimer nanolines on top of the Si nanoribbons, taking advantage of the fact that the thermally activated process of Co diffusion into the Si layer is efficiently hindered at 220 K. Magnetic characterization of the Co nanolines using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism reveals that the first atomic Co layer directly adsorbed onto the Si nanoribbons presents a weak magnetic response. However, the second Co layer exhibits an enhanced magnetization, strongly suggesting a ferromagnetic ordering with an in-plane easy axis of magnetization, which is perpendicular to the Co nanolines.
Luminal acid in water-immersion stress and the antiulcer effect of axetazolamide in the rat gastric mucosa. (1999)

The influence of water-immersion stress on gastric acid secretion, and the effect of acetazolamide (a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) on acid secretion, and gastric mucosal lesion formation in rats under water-immersion stress were studied. Acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats decreased under a 10_h stress period as compared with that of rats under normal conditions. Intraperitoneal administration of acetazolamide (100, 50, 25 mg/kg every 5 h for a total of two times) which significantly inhibited acid secretion in a dose-dependent fashion of stressed rats, prevented the development of gastric mucosal lesions produced by stress. Non antisecretory dose of acetazolamide (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration every 5 h for a total of two times) did not prevent the formation of gastric mucosal lesions. Stress ulcer aggravation by acid administration (150 mM HCl, 0.5 ml/h) into the stomach during the stress was not prevented by treatment with antisecretory acetazolamide dose. We conclude that: (1) the exposure of rats to water-immersion stress for 10 h decreases gastric acid secretion, and (2) acetazolamide suppresses water-immersion stress-induced gastric lesions by inhibiting acid secretion.
Radiation characteristics of short helical antenna and its mutual coupling (1984)

A 1.5-turn balanced helical antenna is numerically and experimentally investigated. It is found that the helix has a smoothly decaying current distribution to radiate a circularly polarised wave. Further study shows how the mutual coupling between a pair of identical helixes can be reduced by rotating one helix with respect to another.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen Content and Site Distribution in High‐Tc Superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy Ceramics. (1988)

Abstract Semiquantitative estimates are made for the oxygen atom site preference (P(0, 1/2, O)) and the total oxygen content y of YBa2Cu3Oy ceramics using published cell constants determined by X‐ray, neutron, or electron diffraction.