gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Mycovirus That Is Related to the Human PathogenHepatitis E Virusand Rubi-Like Viruses (2008)

Previously, we reported that three double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments, designated L-, M-, and S-dsRNAs, were detected in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strain Ep-1PN. Of these, the M-dsRNA segment was derived from the genomic RNA of a potexvirus-like positive-strand RNA virus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNA virus. Here, we present the complete nucleotide sequence of the L-dsRNA, which is 6,043 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of a single open reading frame (nucleotide positions 42 to 5936) that encodes a protein with significant similarity to the replicases of the "alphavirus-like" supergroup of positive-strand RNA viruses. A sequence comparison of the L-dsRNA-encoded putative replicase protein containing conserved methyltransferase, helicase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase motifs showed that it has significant sequence similarity to the replicase of Hepatitis E virus, a virus infecting humans. Furthermore, we present convincing evidence that the virus-like L-dsRNA could replicate independently with only a slight impact on growth and virulence of its host. Our results suggest that the L-dsRNA from strain Ep-1PN is derived from the genomic RNA of a positive-strand RNA virus, which we named Sclerotinia sclerotiorum RNA virus L (SsRV-L). As far as we know, this is the first report of a positive-strand RNA mycovirus that is related to a human virus. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses of the conserved motifs of the RNA replicase of SsRV-L showed that it clustered with the rubi-like viruses and that it is related to the plant clostero-, beny- and tobamoviruses and to the insect omegatetraviruses. Considering the fact that these related alphavirus-like positive-strand RNA viruses infect a wide variety of organisms, these findings suggest that the ancestral positive-strand RNA viruses might be of ancient origin and/or they might have radiated horizontally among vertebrates, insects, plants, and fungi.
Parallel Artificial Liquid Membrane Extraction of Psychoactive Analytes: A Novel Approach in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (2018)

A semiautomated extraction of serotonin-and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors by parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction extraction was successfully performed.
Overlying Suture Causes Chondrolysis in Surgical Treatment of Acute Bony Bankart Lesions (2019)

Objectives: Severe cartilage loss has been described in the setting of shallow anchor placement in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. There has been no previous investigation into the effects of cartilage loss due to suture from suture anchors overlying the repaired bony fragment. Current arthroscopic techniques for bony Bankart repair involve placement of suture overlying articular cartilage. We hypothesize there will be cartilage loss over time due to the presence of suture from suture anchors in acute bony Bankart repairs, and double-row reconstruction will cause increased humeral head cartilage loss due to an overall larger surface area when compared to single-row reconstruction. Methods: Testing was performed on 24 cadaveric glenoids, 12 right and 12 left, with simulated bony Bankart fractures with a defect width of 25% of the glenoid diameter. Half of the fractures were repaired with a double-row technique, while the contralateral glenoids were repaired with a single-row technique. Samples were randomized by blinded envelopes. Samples were subjected to 20,000 cycles of internal-external rotation across a 90o arc at 2 Hz after a compressive load of 750-N or 90% BW, whichever was less, was applied to simulate wear. Cartilage defects were quantified through a custom MATLAB script. Images were excluded for poor quality, or inadvertent tissue folding during tissue processing. Mean cartilage cutout differences were analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test. Results: A total of 92 images were analyzed, 51 double-row and 41 single-row. The double-row technique resulted in significantly (p=0.027) more cartilage cutout (99,746.1 µm2, SD=65,864.8 µm2) than single row repair (mean=68,884.5 µm2, SD=44,373 µm2). Conclusion: Both the single-row and double-row fixation techniques resulted in damage to the humeral articular cartilage. The double-row fixation technique resulted in significantly increased chondrolysis to the humeral head after simulated wear in this cadaveric model. Despite the biomechanical superiority of double-row repair, surgeons must be aware of the increased rate of chondrolysis involved with this technique.
A Method of Evaluating Postplanting Insecticide Treatments for Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae1,2 (1971)

Journal Article A Method of Evaluating Postplanting Insecticide Treatments for Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae, Get access Tom M. Hills, Tom M. Hills Department of Zoology and Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Don C. Peters Don C. Peters Department of Zoology and Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 64, Issue 3, 15 June 1971, Pages 764–765, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/64.3.764 Published: 15 June 1971 Article history Received: 10 November 1970 Published: 15 June 1971
Nuclear Resonance of Aluminum in Synthetic Ruby (1962)

The linewidth, line shape, and spin-lattice relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ have been measured as a function of temperature in single crystals of ${({\mathrm{Al}}^{27})}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ having nominal ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ concentrations of 0% and 0.01, 0.1, 1.5, and 4% by weight. Of the two important contributions to the linewidth, the nuclear spin-spin interaction is 7 gauss and temperature-independent. The contribution from the paramagnetic ions increased from zero at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to as much as 42 gauss, depending upon concentration, temperature, and static magnetic field. An anomalous structure in the aluminum resonance was evident in both the steady-state and pulsed nuclear induction data. The \textonehalf{} to -\textonehalf{} transition has a splitting of 2.84 gauss with a $3{cos}^{2}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{-}1$ dependence on the angle between the $c$ axis and ${H}_{0}$. The splitting is independent of the observation frequency and chromium ion concentration. ${T}_{1}$ was observed to vary from 150 sec to 1.5 msec as a function of ion concentration and temperature, and to vary in a manner not correctly given by existing theory. Many of the samples were observed to have a nonunique ${T}_{1}$.
Scene generative models for adaptive video fast forward (2004)

In this paper, we present a statistical generative model of scenes with multiple objects that can be efficiently used for tasks related to video search, browsing and retrieval. Instead of using a combination of weighted Euclidean distances as a shot similarity measure, we base the retrieval process on the likelihood of a video frame under the generative model trained on the query sequence. This allows for automatic separation and balancing of various causes of variability, such as occlusion, appearance change and motion. In previous work, this usually required complex user intervention. The likelihood models we study in this paper are based on appearances of multiple, possibly occluding objects in a video clip. Given a query, the video is played at a higher rate until similar frames are found. The playback speed is linked to the frame likelihood, so that the speed drops as the likely target frames are starting to come in.
Simulation analysis of improved interference distributed fiber-optic underwater gas pipeline leak detection (2011)

To solve problems about exist interference distributed fiber-optic in system structure order of complexity and sensitivity aspect's restriction,it improved the system structure based on a Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interference distributed fiber-optic,simulation analysis the key structural parameters of the architecture,determined a sort of improved distributed fiber-optic,which the delayed fiber length for 2 km,the modulator optical fiber length for 5 m,the origination for the detection was 1.03 km far from the Faraday rotation mirror.Simulation results show that the improved structure can effectively reduce the optical signal loss and accurate positioning pipeline leak location,so as to underwater pipeline leak detection provides an ideal model of the sensing structure.
Metal Matrix Composites: Automotive Applications (2014)

Abstract A composite material is a manufactured material that consists of two or more physically and/or chemically distinct, suitably arranged phases with an interface separating them; the composite has characteristics not shown by any of the components in isolation. In this chapter, we provide a brief account of the processing, characteristics, and use of metal matrix composites in automotive vehicles. The term “ automotive vehicles ” includes passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans, trucks, buses, recreational vehicles, and the like.
Influence of shot peening on the fatigue life of steel armours in flexible pipes (2012)

This study reports on the impact of residual stresses imposed by shot peening on the surface of steel wires in flexible pipes on their fatigue life in corrosive environment, which is relevant when they are used as risers and jumpers in the oil and gas industry. Shot peening was performed on high strength carbon steel samples, which were further subjected to annealing either before or after the shot peening treatment. Shot peening was applied using different process parameters and a non-peened sample is used as reference. In order to simulate the same stress state as the wires experience during the production, both as received samples and samples after rolling are investigated. The corrosion fatigue behavior was evaluated by applying the 4 point bending test under corrosive environment compared to fatigue testing in air. Residual stress analysis was performed by Xray diffraction on various treated samples. The results indicate significant influence of residual stresses in the surface on the fatigue life of steel armours. Corrosion fatigue testing of shot peened and non-peened samples in the as-received conditions revealed longest fatigue life for samples shot peened after annealing. Moreover, results suggest a large reduction in compressive residual stresses caused by plastic deformation of the samples applied by hand rolling of the samples.
Red blood cell depletion and enrichment of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells from human umbilical cord blood using soybean agglutinin and CD34 immunoselection. (1994)

Realization of the full potential of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) as a source of transplantable hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) will be contingent on the development of a reliable method for ex vivo cell processing and stem cell enrichment. A first step in stem cell enrichment protocols involves depletion of the red blood cells (RBC) in the sample. We have compared several RBC depletion methods on the basis of recovery of total nucleated cells. It was found that 3% gelatin was effective at depleting RBC with a nucleated cell recovery of 72.4 +/- 7.3% (mean +/- standard deviation [SD]) in the HUCB samples. Several lectins were also used for processing HUCB and compared for their ability to remove RBC. Of these, soybean agglutinin (SBA) was found to remove RBC without substantial loss of HPC. Moreover, sequential treatment of HUCB with 3% gelatin and the AIS MicroCELLector SBA resulted in a product with < 1% hematocrit, 57% reduction in T cells, 35% nucleated cell recovery, and relatively high yields of burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) (61%) and colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) (58%) and -mixed (CFU-GEMM) (66%). In a separate series of studies, enrichment of the CD34+ subset in HUCB was accomplished by processing HUCB with Ficoll followed by sequential treatment with the AIS MicroCELLector SBA and AIS MicroCELLector CD34. The CD34+ fraction was enriched for BFU-E (14-fold), CFU-GM (nine-fold), and CFU-GEMM (five-fold) with an overall purity ¿ > or = 92% CD34+ by flow cytometry. This report demonstrates that 3% gelatin and the AIS MicroCELLector SBA can be combined as an ex vivo processing technique to reduce the volume of the HUCB product by depleting RBC and T cells while still maintaining a high recovery of HPC. Moreover, separation of highly enriched CD34+ cells from HUCB is achievable and opens up the possibility of using CD34+ cells from HUCB for ex vivo progenitor cell expansion for transplantation, transfusion, and gene therapy.
Exaggerated Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Without Susceptibility to High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (2015)

An exaggerated HPV cannot be considered a surrogate maker for HAPE-susceptibility although excessively elevated PAP is a hallmark in HAPE, while a normal HPV appears to protect from HAPE in this study.
[Extracorporeal photochemotherapy for treatment of clonal T cell proliferations]. (2003)

Extracorporeal photochimiotherapy (ECP) is based on the exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to the photosensitizing agent (psoralen or 8MOP) and UVA radiation. Mononuclear cells are harvested by cytapheresis and reinfused to the patient after irradiation. This cell therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of selected diseases mediated by clonal T cells proliferation such as Sezary T cells lymphoma, rejection after solid organ transplantation and graft-versus-host disease but results obtained in autoimmune diseases are less convincing. ECP is well tolerated with very few side effects and can be combined with immunosuppressive drugs. Two methods of ECP are currently used: in the first one, the whole procedure is performed with the same equipment whereas in the second one, the cytapheresis is performed on a conventional cell separator and treated with an independent UVA irradiation: Experimental data and clinical results suggest that PCE might induced an immune response against pathological T cells clones. However, technical differences in the methods of PCE and weak knowledge on its mechanism of action impair the standardization and evaluation of this cell therapy process as well as its clinical development.
A Cooperative Molecular Modeling Exercise—The Hypersurface as Classroom (2001)

A molecular modeling exercise and an associated exam that have both competitive and cooperative learning aspects are described. Collaborative efforts are facilitated by Web-based information management. The exercise/exam is appropriate for use in undergraduate or graduate quantum chemistry or molecular modeling courses that have access to modest computational resources. Students develop a molecular potential energy surface, identify multiple minima and transition-state structures, repeat the process at two or more levels of theory, and then analyze the data looking for interesting chemical or computational phenomena.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Bis(oxazoline) Pincer Ligands: Formation of Mononuclear Rhodium(II) Complexes. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular vibrations and the adiabatic wavefunctions (1999)

The well known existence of vibrational spectra in molecules implies simplicity of the corresponding molecular wavefunctions. This simplicity suggests the existence of quasiparticles with an approximate harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian. The conventional adiabatic approximation is known to reproduce the energy differences of the observed vibrational states. In spite of this it is shown that the adiabatic wavefunctions do not have the simplicity of approximate harmonic oscillator states. In particular, in the adiabatic wave functions the relative distances between the nuclear coordinates are selected to be dynamical variables. This article shows that with such a choice the conjugate momenta density functions could be far from the harmonic oscillator predictions. It is thus concluded that the spacing of the observed molecular vibrational states cannot be used to predict the probability distributions of relative nuclear coordinates or momenta.
High-performance micromachined thermopile linear arrays (1998)

Linear thermopile infrared detector arrays have been produced with D* values as high as 2.2 X 10<SUP>9</SUP> cmHz<SUP>1/2</SUP>W for 83 ms response times. Typical responsivity is 1000 V/W. This result has been achieved with Bi-Te and Bi-Sb-Te thermoelectric materials on micromachined silicon nitride membranes. Results for several device geometries are described and compared to literature values for Schwartz type thermocouple detectors and for thin film thermopile detectors and arrays. Measurements of responsivity as a function of modulation frequency and wavelength are presented.
Preclinical Models of Polymicrobial Infection for Evaluation of Antimicrobial Combination Devices (2020)

Polymicrobial biofilm can form on implants or devitalized tissue, leading to severe musculoskeletal infections. Polymicrobial infection is associated with lower treatment success rates, longer hospitalization times, increased numbers of surgical procedures, and amputations. The presence of both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms adds to treatment difficulty and cost because either broad-spectrum or multiple antimicrobials are required for successful treatment. In vitro and ex vivo coculture models are valuable in initial evaluations of antimicrobial combination devices but do not fully recapitulate the infection microenvironment. In vivo models of infection established using single microorganism contaminants require further refinement to model polymicrobial infection treatment outcomes. In this study, we adapted an established murine orthopedic model combining Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a polymicrobial biofilm-associated infection model. In a preliminary study to establish the model, Pseudomonas presence in the bone was increased in the presence of S. aureus, although Pseudomonas did not form biofilm on a stainless-steel Kirschner wire in the defect. The colonies of S. aureus retrieved predominate in the bone at up to 100-fold greater numbers, although S. aureus biofilm formation was limited compared to monomicrobial models. Although increasing the inoculum of Pseudomonas did not affect the staphylococcal biofilm formation on the wire, there were trends toward increased average S. aureus bone colonization as P. aeruginosa concentration in the inoculum increased. Further model validation will consider the inoculation site(s), isolation points from clinical microbiological strains, epidemiology of clinical polymicrobial communities, ratio of coinoculation, effects of biofilm, and outcome measures. Murine models of polymicrobial infection will be a valuable tool for assessing the feasibility and efficacy of antimicrobial combination devices in the prevention or treatment of infection.
ChemInform Abstract: Tris(3‐tert‐butylpyrazolyl)hydroboratozinc Hydride: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Monomeric Zinc Hydride Derivative. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supervised mid-level features for word image representation (2015)

This paper addresses the problem of learning word image representations: given the cropped image of a word, we are interested in finding a descriptive, robust, and compact fixed-length representation. Machine learning techniques can then be supplied with these representations to produce models useful for word retrieval or recognition tasks. Although many works have focused on the machine learning aspect once a global representation has been produced, little work has been devoted to the construction of those base image representations: most works use standard coding and aggregation techniques directly on top of standard computer vision features such as SIFT or HOG. We propose to learn local mid-level features suitable for building word image representations. These features are learnt by leveraging character bounding box annotations on a small set of training images. However, contrary to other approaches that use character bounding box information, our approach does not rely on detecting the individual characters explicitly at testing time. Our local midlevel features can then be aggregated to produce a global word image signature. When pairing these features with the recent word attributes framework of [4], we obtain results comparable with or better than the state-of-the-art on matching and recognition tasks using global descriptors of only 96 dimensions.
Clock-powered logic for a 50 MHz low-power RISC datapath (2002)

This low-power microprocessor datapath is based on energy recovery by which dissipation is reduced for power-critical lines while high performance is sustained. With the energy-recovery approach, the clocks directly drive the capacitive loads. The initial benefit is that the VLSI chips dissipate less heat. Employing an energy efficient resonant or stepwise (charge-recycling) clock driver results in a low-power system because circuit energy is recovered and reused rather than dissipated as heat. A 16b datapath based on this approach contains a 16-word, 3-port register file (RF), an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a compare unit (CU), bypass logic, PLA-based control logic, a clock generator (CG) that produces resonant or conventional clock pulses, and 16 pad drivers.
Nanostructured Polystyrene Well Plates Allow Unbiased High-Throughput Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells (2014)

Rapid, reliable and unbiased circulating tumor cell (CTC) isolation and molecular characterization methods are urgently required for implementation in routine clinical diagnostic and prognostic procedures. We report on the development of a novel unbiased CTC detection approach that combines high-throughput automated microscopy with a simple yet efficient approach for achieving a high level of tumor cell binding in standard tissue culture polystyrene (PS) well plates. A single 5 min high-power oxygen plasma treatment was used to create homogeneous nanoscale roughness on standard PS tissue culture plates and, in turn, drastically enhance the binding of a range of tumor cells. After physical adsorption of an adlayer of poly-l-lysine, binding yields above 97% were obtained at 2 h for all tumor cell lines used in the study. Morphological analysis of the cells confirmed strong adherence to the nanorough PS substrates. Clinically relevant concentrations of a highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, used as model for CTCs, could be reliably detected among blood cells on the nanorough polystyrene plates using an automated microscopy system. The approach was then successfully used to detect CTCs in the blood of a stage IIIc colorectal cancer patient. By combining the high binding abilities of nanorough PS well plates with the high-throughput nature of high-content analysis systems, this methodology has great potential toward enabling unbiased routine clinical analysis of CTCs. It could be applied, once clinically validated, in any clinical center equipped with an automated microscopy facility at a fraction of the cost of current CTC isolation technologies.