gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Uveitis in Children According to Age: Comparison of Visual Outcomes and Complications in a Tertiary Center (2019)

Abstract Background: Uveitis in the pediatric population is uncommon, accounting for 2 to 14% of all uveitis cases, yet resulting in significant ocular morbidity. A number of studies have focused on patterns and complications of uveitis in the pediatric age group (≤ 16 years). In this report, we studied children with uveitis syndromes focusing on demographics, anatomic distribution, etiologies, treatment, and complications. We additionally divided subjects into two age groups to look into any differential characteristics pertaining to the younger age group and the role of amblyopia as a cause of visual loss. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 80 eyes of 49 uveitis patients aged ≤16years. Subjects were categorized by age of onset into visually immature (≤8 years) and visually mature group (&gt;8 years). Data compared between the two age groups included demographics, disease characteristics, visual outcomes and complications. Results: Idiopathic uveitis was the most common diagnosis (51%). Anterior uveitis complications (posterior synechiae and band keratopathy) were more common in the younger group (p=0.002 and p=0.03 respectively) while posterior uveitis manifestations (vitreous haze and vasculitis) were more common in the older age group (p=0.04 and p&lt;0.001 respectively). Amblyopia was the most common cause of vision loss in the visually immature versus cataract in the visually mature. Conclusion: Anterior uveitis and its complications were more common in visually immature group in our cohort. Amblyopia was identified as the main cause of visual loss in the younger population. Keywords: Amblyopia; Complications; Pediatric; Uveitis
Fatigue behavior and design of aluminum structures (2000)

Basic aspects of the fatigue behavior of aluminum components and structures are discussed, beginning with an examination of material coupons and progressing to full-scale structural systems. Several recently published design specifications are considered in the light of the experimental developments of the last 12 years. Discrepancies among provisions are used to focus on areas requiring further research and design rule development. Location of the constant amplitude fatigue limits (CAFLs) for various joint details and experimental study of fatigue behavior under variable load spectra are among items requiring additional study. Near term enhancements to fatigue design provisions include friction grip bolted connections as an alternative to bearing joints. Results of tests and data analysis on aluminum friction connections from EUREKA 269 are summarized. Potential analytical methods that might be considered for incorporation into specifications are discussed.
Reconfigurable acoustic modem for underwater sensor networks (2006)

There is a growing interest for underwater sensor networks where long term monitoring of water masses around the world for scientific, environmental, commercial, and military reasons is desired. In this paper we will present the concept of a highly flexible acoustic modem called the Reconfigurable Modem (rModem) that can be used for rapid testing and development of such networks.
How wireless will change agriculture (2007)

At the dawn of the 21st century, there is a wireless revolution. Yet, this revolution appears to be conspicuously absent in agriculture despite technological advances which make it conceivable to build and deploy wireless sensor and control networks which would radically improve farm efficiencies. This is because current wireless technologies are too expensive, too unreliable or too complicated for the farm. However, that is about to change because of the rapid pace of development in certain sectors of internet communications. It is the opinion of the authors that wireless networks may offer the same type of quantum leap forward for farming that GPS provided during the past decade. Internet networks are set to eclipse the capabilities of all previous forms of distance communication and will provide the communications backbone for farms in the future
Qualitätssicherung (1992)

Die Bedeutung der Qualitätssicherung in allen technischen Bereichen nimmt immer mehr zu. Ursache hierfür ist der steigende Wettbewerb, der verschärfte Verbraucherschutz und die Produkthaftung im Rahmen der Europäischen Gemeinschaft. Bisher war die Prüfung der fertigen Schweißverbindung das überwiegende Entscheidungskriterium, um die Qualität zu beurteilen. Die zunehmende Automatisierung und die Anwendung flexibler Fertigungssysteme erfordern jedoch zusätzliche, den neuen Techniken angepaßte Prüfmethoden, um die verlangte Bauteil- bzw. Schweißqualität durch verstärkte Prozeßkontrolle sicherzustellen.
Characterization of Crystal Chirality in Amino Acids Using Low-Frequency Raman Spectroscopy (2017)

We present a new method for differentiating racemic crystals from enantiopure crystals. Recently, developments in optical filters have enabled the facile use of Raman spectroscopy to detect low-frequency vibrational (LFV) modes. Here, for the first time, we use Raman spectroscopy to characterize the LFV modes for crystalline organic materials composed of chiral molecules. The LF-Raman spectra of racemic and enantiopure crystals exhibit a significant variation, which we attribute to different hydrogen-bond networks in the chiral crystal structures. Across a representative set of amino acids, we observed that when comparing racemic versus enantiopure crystals, the available LFV modes and their relative scattering intensity are strong functions of side chain polarity. Thus, LF-Raman can be used as a method that is complementary to the currently used methods for characterizing crystal chirality due to simpler, faster, and more sensitive measurements, along with the small sample size required, which is limited by the laser-beam diameter in the focus.
SARS-CoV-2 detection with ApharSeq v1 (2020)

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to a steep increase in the need for viral detection tests worldwide. Most current tests for SARS-CoV-2 are based on RNA extraction followed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR assays that involve a separate RNA extraction and qPCR reaction for each sample with a fixed cost and reaction time. While automation and improved logistics can increase the capacity of these tests, they cannot exceed this lower bound dictated by one extraction and reaction per sample. Multiplexed next generation sequencing (NGS) assays provide a dramatic increase in throughput, and hold the promise of richer information on viral strains and host immune response. Here, we establish a significant improvement of existing RNA-seq detection protocols. Our workflow, ApharSeq (Amplicon Pooling by Hybridization And RNA-Seq), includes a fast and cheap RNA capture step, that is coupled to barcoding of individual samples, followed by sample-pooling prior to the reverse transcription, PCR and massively parallel sequencing. Thus, only one step is performed before pooling hundreds of barcoded samples for subsequent steps and further analysis. Considering these improvements, our proposed workflow is estimated to reduce costs by 10-50 fold, labor by 5-100 fold, automated liquid handling by 5-10 fold, and reagent requirements by 100-1000 fold compared to existing methods.
Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cell proliferation in gastroduodenal mucosa. A review article (1993)

The effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on gastroduodenal mucosal proliferation remains somewhat controversial. Experiments in rats have shown that acute administration of NSAIDs inhibits cell proliferation in the gastric mucosa while chronic administration of NSAIDs stimulates cell proliferation in gastric fundic and duodenal mucosa but has no effect in the gastric antral mucosa. Studies in humans have demonstrated that NSAIDs stimulate cell proliferation in the gastroduodenal mucosa. The stimulatory effect may be a compensatory reaction to mucosal injury and represent one of the mechanisms of gastric and duodenal mucosal adaptation to continued NSAID exposure. NSAIDs inhibit cell proliferation in the gastric mucosa at the ulcer margin in both rats and humans. This effect may account for the epidemiologic findings of delayed ulcer healing in patients taking long-term NSAIDs therapy. Since cell proliferation and renewal in gastroduodenal mucosa is one of the major mechanisms for the maintenance of mucosal integrity and enables repair of injury and ulcer healing, the effect of NSAIDs on cell proliferation in gastroduodenal mucosa is an important clinical issue.
Interactive Visual Analysis of Set-Typed Data (2008)

While it is quite typical to deal with attributes of different data types in the visualization of heterogeneous and multivariate datasets, most existing techniques still focus on the most usual data types such as numerical attributes or strings. In this paper we present a new approach to the interactive visual exploration and analysis of data that contains attributes which are of set type. A set-typed attribute of a data item--like one cell in a table--has a list of n > or = 0 elements as its value. We present the set'o'gram as a new visualization approach to represent data of set type and to enable interactive visual exploration and analysis. We also demonstrate how this approach is capable to help in dealing with datasets that have a larger number of dimensions (more than a dozen or more), especially also in the context of categorical data. To illustrate the effectiveness of our approach, we present the interactive visual analysis of a CRM dataset with data from a questionnaire on the education and shopping habits of about 90000 people.
Microglia Impairs Proliferation and Induces Senescence In-Vitro in NGF Releasing Cells Used in Encapsulated Cell Biodelivery for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy (2022)

There is no cure yet available for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We recently optimized encapsulated cell biodelivery (ECB) devices releasing human mature nerve growth factor (hmNGF), termed ECB-NGF, to the basal forebrain of AD patients. The ECB-NGF delivery resulted in increased CSF cholinergic markers, improved glucose metabolism, and positive effects on cognition in AD patients. However, some ECB-NGF implants showed altered hmNGF release post-explantation. To optimize the ECB-NGF platform for future therapeutic purposes, we initiated in-vitro optimization studies by exposing ECB-NGF devices to physiological factors present within the AD brain. We report here that microglia cells can impair hmNGF release from ECB-NGF devices in-vitro, which can be reversed by transferring the devices to fresh culture medium. Further, we exposed the hmNGF secreting human ARPE-19 cell line (NGC0211) to microglia (HMC3) conditioned medium (MCM; untreated or treated with IL-1β/IFNγ/Aβ<sub>40</sub>/Aβ<sub>42</sub>), and evaluated biochemical stress markers (ROS, GSH, ΔΨ<sub>m</sub>, and Alamar Blue assay), cell death indicators (Annexin-V/PI), cell proliferation (CFSE retention and Ki67) and senescence markers (SA-β-gal) in NGC0211 cells. MCMs from activated microglia reduced cell proliferation and induced cell senescence in NGC0211 cells, which otherwise resist biochemical alterations and cell death. These data indicate a critical but reversible impact of activated microglia on NGC0211 cells.
Novel neutrophil chemotactic factor derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes. (1986)

Human mononuclear leucocytes isolated from the peripheral blood by centrifugation on Ficoll-Hypaque cushions and adherent on plastic petri dishes, produced a chemotactic factor that attracted human neutrophilic granulocytes to the same extent as did optimal concentrations of the complement split product C5a and the leukotriene B4. The active component eluted from a Sephadex G-50 gel filtration column as a single peak with an apparent molecular weight of 10,000. The chemotactic activity was resistant to reductive cleavage of disulfide bonds and heating at 100 degrees C for 30 min but was lost when reduction and heating were combined. Digestion with a proteolytic enzyme eliminated the attractive potential. The data suggest that this is a novel chemotactic peptide. It is conceivable that it has been seen previously and was mistaken for a lymphokine or interleukin 1.
Economics of Wind Energy for Heating Rural Structures (1982)

ABSTRACT SMALL wind-energy conversion systems (SWECS) are very close to economic feasibility for heating many rural buildings when they are located in wind regimes of at leasts to 6 m/s (11.2 to 13.4 mph) and when presently available tax incentives are used. The building heating possibilities and the procedures for determining SWECS output and economics are given.
An Assessment of COMSCAN, A Compton Backscatter Imaging Camera, for the One-Sided Non-Destructive Inspection of Aerospace Components (1993)

This report presents some results obtained using a Compton backscatter imaging camera, developed by Philips Industries, which were obtained during a visit to the Defense Research Establishment Pacific (DREP) during May/ June 1992. Compton backscatter imaging is an X-ray technique which can be used to non-destructively inspect the interior of both metallic and non-metallic structures and, unlike conventional X-ray methods, requires access to only one side of the part being inspected. Aircraft components, Cameras, Spacecraft components, Compton effect. Nondestructive tests, X Ray inspection,
Plant Performance Monitoring: Improving Surveillance of Rotating Equipment on a Gas Processing Plant (2009)

Abstract Capitalizing on early successes in advanced well control and real-time monitoring, Total has engaged in a major "Digital Field" initiative aimed at developing real-time asset management. Combining both proven and leading-edge technologies such as real-time databases, web services, business orchestration and a distributed asset model, the Field Monitoring template proves to be a powerful tool to improve global asset management and optimize the oil and gas production chain, from reservoir to export facilities. The field monitoring solution is being implemented as a set of independent yet integrated modules. This paper presents the concept of one of the modules, the Plant Performance Monitoring (PPM) module, a real-time remote monitoring system dedicated to surface facilities. It presents and discusses early results of a pilot application to surveil major rotating equipments at a 520 mmscfd gas processing plant located on the Tierra del Fuego site in Argentina. The objectives of the pilot are as follows:The primary objective of the pilot is to demonstrate a near real-time tool that provides advance notices on abnormal plant trip.To provide plant staff with quantitative Key Performance Indicators (KPI) such as efficiency, machine availability and utility consumption.To allow proactive maintenance, most particularly, to anticipate the effects of operational changes on assets.To provide cause and effect analysis using near real-time information available from separate components such as vibration monitoring systems, process data historians … The PPM-Rotating Equipment (PPM-RE) application integrates online process simulations which provide new insights in terms of conditional maintenance and actual production potential or constraints. After several months of operations, The PPM-RE pilot has demonstrated its ability in improving diagnosis and decision-making through prompt collaboration between Cañadon Alfa site and Buenos-Aires (local headquarters several thousands kilometres away). Such an application can also allow the difficult-to-troubleshoot cases to benefit from the TOTAL headquarters and research centers anywhere in the world.
Integrating gene expression, spatial location and histology to identify spatial domains and spatially variable genes by graph convolutional network (2020)

Abstract Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics technologies have enabled comprehensive characterization of gene expression patterns in the context of tissue microenvironment. To elucidate spatial gene expression variation, we present SpaGCN, a graph convolutional network approach that integrates gene expression, spatial location and histology in spatial transcriptomics data analysis. Through graph convolution, SpaGCN aggregates gene expression of each spot from its neighboring spots, which enables the identification of spatial domains with coherent expression and histology. The subsequent domain guided differential expression analysis then detects genes with enriched expression patterns in the identified domains. Analyzing five spatially resolved transcriptomics datasets using SpaGCN, we show it can detect genes with much more enriched spatial expression patterns than existing methods. Furthermore, genes detected by SpaGCN are transferrable and can be utilized to study spatial variation of gene expression in other datasets. SpaGCN is computationally fast, making it a desirable tool for spatial transcriptomics studies.
Universal Design: The Users’ Perspective (1995)

The intent of Universal Design is to create an atmosphere where everyone is treated equally regardless of ability level, and where people with disabilities are not separated from the rest of society. This follows the intent of The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, which established a clear and comprehensive prohibition against discrimination based on disability. A major mid-western university recently completed a self-evaluation, as mandated by the ADA. The self-evaluation included input from a representative group of twelve people, including students, faculty, and staff members with disabilities. The participants provided evidence and documentation for recommending building alterations, and evaluated the adequacy of the ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) in meeting universal design goals. Participants toured selected buildings and were asked to comment on their ability to use specific areas and architectural elements, and to rate the priority of altering selected building elements. They concluded that providing at least one accessible entrance per building, and complying with ADAAG requirements for Braille, directional, and room signage are of the utmost importance. Recommendations were made regarding entrances, lecture halls, a library, interior accessible routes, doors, elevators, stairs, rest rooms, tables and seating, computer work stations, and signage. The methodology used in the participant study led to meaningful results and to the establishment of priorities for compliance with the ADA and Universal Design goals. However, additional research with a larger number of subjects is necessary in order to generalize the results to other universities and other building types.
Dashboards for Real-time Monitoring of Winter Operations Activities and After-action Assessment (2020)

The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) operates a fleet of nearly 1100 snowplows and spends up to $60M annually on snow removal and de-icing as part of their winter operation maintenance activities. Systematically allocating resources and optimizing material application rates can potentially save revenue that can be reallocated for other roadway maintenance operations. Modern snowplows are beginning to be equipped with a variety of Mobile Road Weather Information Sensors (MARWIS) which can provide a host of analytical data characterizing on-the-ground conditions during periods of wintry precipitation. Traffic speeds fused with road conditions and precipitation data from weather stations provide a uniquely detailed look at the progression of a winter event and the performance of the fleet. This research uses a combination of traffic speeds, MARWIS and North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data to develop real-time dashboards characterizing the impact of precipitation and pavement surface temperature on mobility. Twenty heavy snow events were identified for the state of Indiana from November 2018 through April 2019. Two particular instances, that impacted 182 miles and 231 miles of interstate at their peaks occurred in January and March, respectively, and were used as a case study for this paper. The dashboards proposed in this paper may prove to be particularly useful for agencies in tracking fleet activity through a winter storm, helping in resource allocation and scheduling and forecasting resource needs.
Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Evaluation and Management (2012)

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication of diabetes and present a significant health risk to patients, as well as impose a large economic burden. Evaluation for contributory factors that may impact general health or healing, such as hyperglycemia, peripheral artery disease, neuropathy, and nutritional status, is of the utmost importance. Management of DFUs requires involvement of a multidisciplinary team and a standardized approach to patient care. Standard therapy for DFUs includes offloading and debridement. Assessment and control of infection are critical, including determining the severity of the infection, which may drive therapeutic approaches. For recalcitrant ulcers, adjuvant therapies are used to hasten the healing process, and newer therapies are under investigation.
Simultaneous Wireless Transfer of Power and Information in a Decode-and-Forward Two-Way Relaying Network (2017)

We consider a simultaneous wireless transfer of information and power in a two-way relaying network, where a decode-and-forward protocol is employed for data exchange between two source devices at different rates. The data exchange is accomplished in two time phases (TPs) with possibly asymmetric TP ratios, where the relay is powered by the source devices in the first phase through simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) either by power splitting (PS) or by time switching (TS). For the network, resource allocation of the PS and TP ratios for the PS-based SWIPT and that of the TS and TP ratios for the TS-based SWIPT are studied to minimize the system outage probability. We first solve the joint optimization problem of each case with the instantaneous channel state information and then propose suboptimal schemes utilizing one or two values for the TP ratio to lower the implementation complexity. The results from analysis and simulation show that the proposed schemes outperform the benchmark scheme with equal resource allocation and that the gain gets more prominent as the rates of the data exchanged or the relay locations become more asymmetric.
A photochemical layer-by-layer solution process for preparing organic semiconducting thin films having the right material at the right place (2018)

The synergistic action of properly integrated semiconducting materials can bring about sophisticated electronic processes and functions. However, it is often a great challenge to achieve optimal performance in organic devices because of the limited control over the distribution of different materials in active layers. Here, we employ a unique photoreaction-based layer-by-layer solution process for preparing ternary organic photovoltaic layers. This process is applicable to a variety of compounds from wide-band-gap small molecules to narrow-band-gap π-extended systems, and enables the preparation of multicomponent organic semiconducting thin films having the right compound at the right place. The resulting ternary photovoltaic devices afford high internal quantum efficiencies, leading to an approximately two times higher power-conversion efficiency as compared to the corresponding binary bulk-heterojunction system. This work opens up new possibilities in designing materials and active layers for solution-processed organic electronic devices.