gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The security problem of nested classes (2000)

This paper mainly discusses the security problem of OO languages caused by the introduction of the nested class mechanism. Firstly, by analyzing various cases concerning about nested classes instances and their owner objects in detail, we illustrate the invalid owner problem arising from the difference between the lifetime of nested class instances and their owner objects. Then a solution to solve this problem is presented. Finally, a conclusion is drawn that the nested class mechanism should be suitable for the languages in which user defined classes are only used to declare dynamically created objects and which have garbage collection support, such as Java, not for the languages in which classes are allowed to declare static objects or local objects and which have no garbage collection support, such as C++.
EMIS (2012)

These days, the mobile phone has been developed as a smart device which has various applications and services. However, most interfaces are manipulated on a small display panel and that imposes restrictions on the natural interface. For example, detailed touch is required for users to select a specific region, and that can be solved by making a large screen. However, larger screen reduces mobility which is the important characteristic of mobile device.
Total Synthesis of Ribostamycin (1977)

Suitably protected 5-O-β-d-ribofuranosyl-2-deoxystreptamine was condensed with protected 2, 6-diamino-2, 6-dideoxy-a-d-glucopyranosyl bromide by a modified Königs-Knorr reaction to give three condensation products. One of which was confirmed as a ribostamycin derivative. The others were designated as its 6-O-α- and 6-O-β-isomers by the PMR spectra of their free bases and N-acetyl derivatives and by their chemical reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Mediated Allylation Reactions of α‐Chlorocarbonyl Compounds and Preparation of Allylic Epoxides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P‐127: Multidomain Twisted Vertically Aligned Display by Microrubbing and its Simulations (2005)

Abstract A microrubbing (μ‐rubbing) technique is used to create multidomain vertically aligned liquid crystal pixels for wide viewing angle liquid crystal display (LCD) applications. A metallic sphere of 1 mm diameter is used to rub a homeotropic polyimide surface to manipulate the local pretilt angle to create a four‐domain pixel configuration. We use μ‐rubbing to accurately control the surface pretilt angle of the liquid crystal from the normal, which directs the liquid crystal molecules to respective direction on applying a voltage. We report on the twisted vertically aligned (TVA) configurations showing symmetric isointensity curves, high contrast and attractive electro‐optic performance parameters. The viewing angle and electro‐optical characteristics are simulated and compared with the experimental results.
Optimization of the frequency response of a semiconductor optical amplifier wavelength converter using a fiber Bragg grating (1999)

Cross-gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is one of the simplest techniques for all-optical wavelength conversion. However, the finite gain recovery time of the semiconductor optical amplifier causes distortion and pattern dependence at high bit rates. Here we show that filtering the output of a semiconductor optical amplifier wavelength converter with the transmission edge of a fiber grating filter improves its frequency response. The grating sharpens the transition between the bits by converting the phase modulation at the edge to useful amplitude modulation. We determine the filtering condition that produces the optimum frequency response and reduces bit-pattern dependence for nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data. For small modulation, the apparent frequency response increases by the linewidth enhancement factor /spl alpha//sub H/ of the SOA. In this case, pattern dependence is eliminated completely by the fiber grating filter. For large modulation, pattern dependence can be substantially reduced, but not completely eliminated. We show that after spectral filtering, the residual pattern dependence of an SOA depends only on modulation depth. For a given SOA, we find the optimum grating for minimum conversion penalty at 12 Gb/s for a wide range of operating parameters. Using a fiber grating filter reduces the required optical power for conversion in a semiconductor optical amplifier.
Immortalization of Human Endothelial Cells by Origin-defective Simian Virus 40 DNA. (1991)

Human endothelial cells isolated from an umbilical cord vein were transfected with origin-defective simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA. Among several of the SV40 transfected clones isolated, cell lines SV-2 and SV-3 showed a normal endothelial cell morphology and extended life span, and could survive almost 100 generations. Just before crisis, the morphology of SV-3 changed. SV-3T cell line was isolated from this SV-3 culture, which acquired an almost infinite life span, rapid growth rate and the ability to grow in soft agar. At the same time, the SV-3T cell line lost the factor VIH-related antigen and normal endothelial cell morphology, and showed an abnormal chromosome number. Further characterization showed the ability of SV-2 and SV-3T to produce increasing amounts of tissue plasminogen activator and a similar level of a plasminogen activator inhibitor compared with normal human endothelial cells. These results indicate that the SV-3T cell line was transformed and acquired an infinite life span while still retaining a part of the differentiated endothelial cell characteristics.
The association of treatment‐related symptoms with quality‐of‐life outcomes for localized prostate carcinoma patients (2002)

Patients and health care providers need to consider the potential mental quality-of-life impacts associated with prostate carcinoma treatment symptoms when making treatment decisions. Even after patients have completed cancer treatment, significant health impairments may remain. Health care providers should continue to address the mental and physical well-being of prostate carcinoma patients in follow-up care.
A SCHEMATIC FOR BROADBAND BEAM FORMATION USING TIME-DELAY TECHNIQUE (2008)

Simultaneous multiple beam generation by phased array antennas have great importance in recent time, e.g., multiple access satellite communication systems, MIMO (multiple input and multiple output), target tracking radars etc. Here in this article a novel yet simple wideband multiple beam formation network (BFN) has been proposed. Unlike the conventional phase shifter based system, this scheme is based on true time-delay units which is potential for wideband application.
Lateral diffusion of membrane-spanning and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins: toward establishing rules governing the lateral mobility of membrane proteins. (1991)

In the plasma membrane of animal cells, many membrane-spanning proteins exhibit lower lateral mobilities than glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked proteins. To determine if the GPI linkage was a major determinant of the high lateral mobility of these proteins, we measured the lateral diffusion of chimeric membrane proteins composed of normally transmembrane proteins that were converted to GPI-linked proteins, or GPI-linked proteins that were converted to membrane-spanning proteins. These studies indicate that GPI linkage contributes only marginally (approximately twofold) to the higher mobility of several GPI-linked proteins. The major determinant of the high mobility of these proteins resides instead in the extracellular domain. We propose that lack of interaction of the extracellular domain of this protein class with other cell surface components allows diffusion that is constrained only by the diffusion of the membrane anchor. In contrast, cell surface interactions of the ectodomain of membrane-spanning proteins exemplified by the vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein reduces their lateral diffusion coefficients by nearly 10-fold with respect to many GPI-linked proteins.
Isolation and characterization of two tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes, indoleglycerol phosphate synthase and phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase, from Bacillus subtilis (1979)

Two of the enzymes responsible for tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis have been extensively purified. These proteins are indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase and N-(5'-phosphoribosyl) anthranilate isomerase. By comparison to the non-differentiating enteric bacteria in which these two enzymes are fused into a single polypeptide, the isolation of the indoleglycerol phosphate synthase and phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase from B. subtilis has demonstrated that the two proteins are separate species in this organism. The two enzymes were clearly separable by anion-exchange chromatography without any significant loss of activity. Molecular weights were determined for both enzymes by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-slab gel electrophoresis, and indicated that the indoleglycerol phosphate synthase is the slightly larger of the two proteins. The minimum molecular weight for indoleglycerol phosphate synthase was 23,500, and that for phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase was 21,800. Both enzymes have been examined as to conditions necessary to achieve maximal activity of their individual functions and to maintain that activity.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Tropones from 7,7‐Dihalo‐2,3‐(or 3,4‐)epoxybicyclo(4.1.0)heptane Derivatives. (1990)

Abstract The following results emerge from a study on the scope and limitations of the title reaction: 1) The epoxide moiety of the substrate must have at least one substituent (cf.
Electrical Impedance Matching Between Piezoelectric Transducer and Power Amplifier (2020)

Electrical impedance matching network (EIMN) is important for the piezoelectric transducer to transmit high-power acoustic signal over a wide bandwidth. Different from the impedance matching between transducers and interface devices with a fixed impedance of 50Ω, this paper presents a novel method of designing an EIMN between transducer and power amplifier (PA) based on matching transformer. First, the equivalent model of the transducer is identified through nonlinear regression process. Then, the matching transformer is designed to meet the specifications of impedance matching and high power operation. To ensure the maximum output power of the PA, a matching transformer is designed to match the impedance of the transducer to a specific resistance which is equal to the ratio of the maximum voltage to the maximum current of the PA. The proposed approach contributes to determining the optimal turns ratio of the matching transformer based on the calculation of the optimal output impedance of the PA. Simulation results demonstrate that the transformer-based EIMN, whose design process is simpler, performs as well as LC-based EIMNs. Experiment based on a B class PA proves the effectiveness and desired performance of the transformer-based EIMN.
Monitoring GFP-operon fusion protein expression during high cell density cultivation of Escherichia coli using an on-line optical sensor. (1999)

Synthesis of an operon fusion protein was investigated in batch and fed-batch cultures at high cell densities of recombinant Escherichia coli JM105 [pBAD-GFP::CAT]. Glucose-limited growth was achieved without accumulation of inhibitory byproducts allowing high cell densities (110 g L(-1) DCW) to be attained. This was believed to be the highest reported value for dry cell mass of E. coli strain JM105 expressing two recombinant proteins. Transcription of the two reporter genes, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), was under the control of the p(BAD) promoter of the araBAD (arabinose) operon. Each protein was independently translated via separate ribosome binding sites. CAT served as a model recombinant protein product to illustrate the noninvasive quantitative reporting ability of GFP during high cell density fermentations. Expression of GFP was monitored on-line using an intensity-based optical sensor. A linear correlation between the on-line GFP intensity and the enzymatic activity of CAT allowed for in vivo real-time quantitative monitoring of a fermentation product under conditions of high biomass concentration and high productivity.
Role for Bcl-xL in Delayed Eosinophil Apoptosis Mediated by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-5 (1998)

Eosinophils are potent inflammatory cells involved in allergic reactions. Inhibition of apoptosis of purified eosinophils by certain cytokines has been previously shown to be an important mechanism causing tissue eosinophilia. To elucidate the role of Bcl-2 family members in the inhibition of eosinophil apoptosis, we examined the expression of the known anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and A1, as well as Bax and Bcl-xS, which promote apoptosis in other systems. We show herein that freshly isolated human eosinophils express significant amounts of Bcl-xL and Bax, but only little or no Bcl-2, Bcl-xS, or A1. As assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry, we show that spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis is associated with a decrease in Bcl-xL mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, stimulation of the cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin-5 (IL-5) results in maintenance or upregulation of Bcl-xL mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, Bcl-2 protein is not induced by GM-CSF or IL-5 in purified eosinophils. Bcl-2 protein is also not expressed in tissue eosinophils as assessed by immunohistochemistry using two different eosinophilic tissue models. Furthermore, Bcl-xL antisense but not scrambled phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides can partially block the cytokine-mediated rescue of apoptotic death in these cells. These data suggest that Bcl-xL acts as an anti-apoptotic molecule in eosinophils.
LyP-1 ultrasonic microbubbles targeting to cancer cell as tumor bio-acoustics markers or drug carriers: Targeting efficiency evaluation in, microfluidic channels (2009)

Using ultrasonic contrast microbubbles as acoustic biomarkers and drug carrier vehicles by conjugating tumor specific antibody to microbubbles has shown great potential in ultrasonic tumor molecular imaging or drug-delivery and therapy. Microbubble probe targeting efficiency is one of the major challenges. In this study, we developed a novel method to evaluate the targeting capability and efficiency of microbubbles to cells, and more specifically, microbubbles binding LyP-1 (a cyclic nonapeptide acid peptide) target to cancer cell within a microfluidic system. The micro cell sieves within the microfludic channels could trap the tumor cells and enhance the microbubble's interaction with the cell. Assisted with the controllable fluid shear stress, the microbubble's targeting to the cell and the corresponding affinity efficiency could be quantitatively evaluated under a florescent microscope. The system provides a useful low-cost high efficient in vitro platform for studying microbubble-cell interaction for ultrasonic tumor molecular imaging or drug-delivery and therapy.
Design and fabrication of silicon photonic crystal optical waveguides (2000)

We have designed and fabricated waveguides that incorporate two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal geometry for lateral confinement of light, and total internal reflection for vertical confinement. Both square and triangular photonic crystal lattices were analyzed. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis was used to find design parameters of the photonic crystal and to calculate dispersion relations for the guided modes in the waveguide structure. We have developed a new fabrication technique to define these waveguides into silicon-on-insulator material. The waveguides are suspended in air in order to improve confinement in the vertical direction and symmetry properties of the structure. High-resolution fabrication allowed us to include different types of bends and optical cavities within the waveguides.
New degree computationless modified euclid algorithm and architecture for Reed-Solomon decoder (2006)

This paper proposes a new degree computationless modified Euclid (DCME) algorithm and its dedicated architecture for Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder. This architecture has low hardware complexity compared with conventional modified Euclid (ME) architectures, since it can completely remove the degree computation and comparison circuits. The architecture employing a systolic array requires only the latency of 2t clock cycles to solve the key equation without initial latency. In addition, the DCME architecture using 3t+2 basic cells has regularity and scalability since it uses only one processing element. Hence, the proposed DCME architecture provides the short latency and low-cost RS decoding. The DCME architecture has been synthesized using the 0.25-mum Faraday CMOS standard cell library and operates at 200 MHz. The gate count of the DCME architecture is 21 760. Hence, the RS decoder using the proposed DCME architecture can reduce the total gate count by at least 23% and the total latency to at least 10% compared with conventional ME decoders
Detection of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis from Exhaled Breath VOCs Using an Electronic Nose Based on an Array of Chemical Sensors (2019)

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2015.7370579
Stroke rehabilitation with a sensing surface (2013)

This paper presents a new sensing and interaction environment for post-stroke and upper extremity limb rehabilitation. The device is a combination of camera-based multitouch sensing and a supporting therapeutic software application that advances the treatment, provides feedback, and records a user's progress. The image-based analysis of hand position provided by a Microsoft Surface is used as an input into a tabletop game environment. Tailored image analysis algorithms assess rehabilitative hand movements. Visual feedback is provided in a game context. Experiments were conducted in a sub-acute rehabilitation center. Preliminary user studies with a stroke-afflicted population determined essential design criteria. Hand and wrist sensing, as well as the goals of the supporting game environment, engage therapeutic flexion and extension as defined by consulted physicians. Participants valued personalization of the activity, novelty, reward and the ability to work at their own pace in an otherwise repetitive therapeutic task. A "character" - game element personifying the participant's movement - was uniquely motivating relative to the media available in the typical therapeutic routine.
Supplementary Figure 1 from PD-1/PD-L1 Interactions Contribute to Functional T-Cell Impairment in Patients Who Relapse with Cancer After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from PD-1/PD-L1 Interactions Contribute to Functional T-Cell Impairment in Patients Who Relapse with Cancer After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Probabilistic histograms for probabilistic data (2009)

There is a growing realization that modern database management systems (DBMSs) must be able to manage data that contains uncertainties that are represented in the form of probabilistic relations. Consequently, the design of each core DBMS component must be revisited in the presence of uncertain and probabilistic information. In this paper, we study how to build histogram synopses for probabilistic relations, for the purposes of enabling both DBMS-internal decisions (such as indexing and query planning), and (possibly, user-facing) approximate query processing tools. In contrast to initial work in this area, our probabilistic histograms retain the key possible-worlds semantics of probabilistic data, allowing for more accurate, yet concise, representation of the uncertainty characteristics of data and query results. We present a variety of techniques for building optimal probabilistic histograms, each one tuned to a different choice of approximation-error metric. We show that these can be incorporated into a general Dynamic Programming (DP) framework, which generalizes that used for existing histogram constructions. The end result is a histogram where each "bucket" is approximately represented by a compact probability distribution function (PDF), which can be used as the basis for query planning and approximate query answering. We present novel, polynomial-time algorithms to find optimal probabilistic histograms for a variety of PDF-error metrics (including variation distance, sum squared error, max error and EMD 1 ). Our experimental study shows that our probabilistic histogram synopses can accurately capture the key statistical properties of uncertain data, while being much more compact to store and work with than the original uncertain relations.
A Proposal of Client Application Architecture using Loosely Coupled Component Connection Method in Banking Branch System (2006)

Due to the deregulation of financial industry, the branches in banking industry need to shift to the sales-oriented bases from the operation-oriented bases. For corresponding to this movement, new banking branch systems are being developed. It is the main characteristics of new systems that we bring the form operations that have traditionally been performed at each branch into the centralized operation center for the purpose of rationalization and efficiency of the form operations. The branches treat a wide variety of forms. The forms can be described by common items in many cases, but the items include the different business logic and each form has the different relation among the items. And there is a need to develop the client application by user oneself. Consequently the challenge is to arrange the development environment that is high reusable, easy customizable and user developable.We propose a client application architecture that has a loosely coupled component connection method, and allows developing the applications by only describing the screen configurations and their transitions in XML documents. By adopting our architecture, we developed client applications of the centralized operation center for the latest banking branch system. Our experiments demonstrate good performances.
Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus and Serum Lipids and Lipoprotein Levels (1976)

Cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels were determined in serum from 40 children with diabetes and from controls. Mean cholesterol levels in the children with diabetes (205 +/- 78 mg/dl) were statisically higher than for controls (155 +/- 27 mg/dl), as were mean triglyceride levels (120 +/- 63 vs 85 +/- 23 mg/dl). Eight of the children with diabetes had hypercholesterolemia, five had hypertriglyceridemia, and nine had combined hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Low-density lipoprotein levels were statistically higher and high-density lipoprotein levels statistically lower for children with diabetes compared with control children. Increased urine glucose spillage was found to correlate with higher serum triglyceride levels, suggesting that the elevated triglyceride levels may have been related to diabetes control. With the known association between hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) and between diabetes and CHD, the results of the present study indicate that all children with juvenile diabetes mellitus should have a serum lipid analysis annually.