gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Muscle Force Production and Bone Mineral Density in ActRIIB-Fc-Treated Mature Rodents (2013)

Myostatin is a highly conserved member of the transforming growth factor-β ligand family known to regulate muscle growth via activation of activin receptors. A fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding domain of activin type IIB receptor with the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G (ActRIIB-Fc) was used to inhibit signaling through this pathway. Here, we study the effects of this fusion protein in adult, 18-month-old, and orchidectomized mice. Significant muscle growth and enhanced muscle function were observed in adult mice treated for 3 days with ActRIIB-Fc. The ActRIIB-Fc-treated mice had enhanced fast fatigable muscle function, with only minor enhancement of fatigue-resistant fiber function. The ActRIIB-Fc-treated 18-month-old mice and orchidectomized mice showed significantly improved muscle function. Treatment with ActRIIB-Fc also increased bone mineral density and serum levels of a marker of bone formation. These observations highlight the potential of targeting ActRIIB receptor to treat age-related and hypogonadism-associated musculoskeletal degeneration.
Extracorporeal Rheopheresis in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke (1999)

Since quantitative flow mapping and clinical follow-up did not reveal any differences between patients who were treated with extracorporeal rheopheresis and controls, it appears very unlikely that extracorporeal rheopheresis enhances reperfusion after acute cerebral ischemia.
GhWRKY40, a Multiple Stress-Responsive Cotton WRKY Gene, Plays an Important Role in the Wounding Response and Enhances Susceptibility to Ralstonia solanacearum Infection in Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana (2014)

WRKY transcription factors form one of the largest transcription factor families and function as important components in the complex signaling processes that occur during plant stress responses. However, relative to the research progress in model plants, far less information is available on the function of WRKY proteins in cotton. In the present study, we identified the GhWRKY40 gene in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and determined that the GhWRKY40 protein is targeted to the nucleus and is a stress-inducible transcription factor. The GhWRKY40 transcript level was increased upon wounding and infection with the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. The overexpression of GhWRKY40 down-regulated most of the defense-related genes, enhanced the wounding tolerance and increased the susceptibility to R. solanacearum. Consistent with a role in multiple stress responses, we found that the GhWRKY40 transcript level was increased by the stress hormones salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ethylene (ET). Moreover, GhWRKY40 interacted with the MAPK kinase GhMPK20, as shown using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation systems. Collectively, these results suggest that GhWRKY40 is regulated by SA, MeJA and ET signaling and coordinates responses to wounding and R. solanacearum attack. These findings highlight the importance of WRKYs in regulating wounding- and pathogen-induced responses.
Cyclic trans-stilbenes: synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization, photophysical and photochemical properties (2002)

trans-Stilbene and several cyclic derivatives with hindered free rotation around the C(vinyl)–C(phenyl) single bond were studied by various spectroscopic techniques. Those derivatives which contain 6- or 7-membered aliphatic rings do not exhibit any measurable S1 → S0 fluorescence. The introduction of two methoxy groups into the 6-membered aliphatic ring derivative accelerates its photoreactivity to such an extent that fluorescence or resonance Raman spectroscopy investigations become impossible. The introduction of aliphatic rings has only a little effect on the frequency of the phenyl-ring stretching vibrations, but pronounced ones on the IR and Raman intensities. The frequency of the vinylic stretching mode is downshifted between 5 and 100 cm−1 except in the case of the derivative with the 4-membered ring, which experiences a hypsochromic shift of 80 cm−1. Only trans-stilbene and its 4-membered cyclic analogues were amenable to fluorescence lifetime measurements. Analysis of VT-NMR spectra of stilbene 7 reveals a barrier of 15.9 kcal mol−1 for equilibration of aliphatic equatorial and axial H-atoms.
Non-Fluorinated Polymer Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2003)

▪ Abstract The past 10 years have witnessed a tremendous acceleration in research devoted to non-fluorinated polymer membranes, both as competitive alternatives to commercial perfluorosulfonic acid membranes operating in the same temperature range and with the objective of extending the range of operation of polymer fuel cells toward those more generally occupied by phosphoric acid fuel cells. Important requirements are adequate membrane mechanical strength at levels of functionalization (generally sulfonation) and hydration allowing high proton conductivity, and stability in the aggressive environment of a working fuel cell, in particular thermohydrolytic and chemical stability. This review provides an overview of progress made in the development of proton-conducting hydrocarbon and heterocyclic-based polymers for proton exchange and direct methanol fuel cells and describes the various approaches made to polymer modification/synthesis and salient properties of the materials formed, including those relating to proton transport and proton conductivity, e.g., water diffusion and electro-osmotic drag. The microstructure, deduced from small angle X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements of representative non-fluorinated polymers is compared with that of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes. Different degradation mechanisms and aging processes that can result in chemical and morphological alteration are considered, and recent characterization of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) in direct methanol and hydrogen-air (oxygen) fuel cells completes this review of the state of the art. While several types of non-fluorinated polymer membrane have demonstrated lifetimes of 500–4000 h, only a limited number of systems exist that hold promise for long-term operation above 100°C. 1
The WD40-repeat Proteins WDR-20 and WDR-48 Bind and Activate the Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP-46 to Promote the Abundance of the Glutamate Receptor GLR-1 in the Ventral Nerve Cord of Caenorhabditis elegans (2013)

Ubiquitin-mediated endocytosis and degradation of glutamate receptors controls their synaptic abundance and is implicated in modulating synaptic strength. The deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) that function in the nervous system are beginning to be defined, but the mechanisms that control DUB activity in vivo are understood poorly. We found previously that the DUB USP-46 deubiquitinates the Caenorhabditis elegans glutamate receptor GLR-1 and prevents its degradation in the lysosome. The WD40-repeat (WDR) proteins WDR20 and WDR48/UAF1 have been shown to bind to USP46 and stimulate its catalytic activity in other systems. Here we identify the C. elegans homologs of these WDR proteins and show that C. elegans WDR-20 and WDR-48 can bind and stimulate USP-46 catalytic activity in vitro. Overexpression of these activator proteins in vivo increases the abundance of GLR-1 in the ventral nerve cord, and this effect is further enhanced by coexpression of USP-46. Biochemical characterization indicates that this increase in GLR-1 abundance correlates with decreased levels of ubiquitin-GLR-1 conjugates, suggesting that WDR-20, WDR-48, and USP-46 function together to deubiquitinate and stabilize GLR-1 in neurons. Overexpression of WDR-20 and WDR-48 results in alterations in locomotion behavior consistent with increased glutamatergic signaling, and this effect is blocked in usp-46 loss-of-function mutants. Conversely, wdr-20 and wdr-48 loss-of-function mutants exhibit changes in locomotion behavior that are consistent with decreased glutamatergic signaling. We propose that WDR-20 and WDR-48 form a complex with USP-46 and stimulate the DUB to deubiquitinate and stabilize GLR-1 in vivo.
The Nematic‐Isotropic Phase Segregation in a Thermotropic Semiflexible Liquid Crystalline Polyester (1992)

Abstract The isotropic ‐ nematic biphasic segregation has been investigated in a thermotropic main chain polyester by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The width of biphasic gap has been determined and related to the molecular parameters of the polymer.
An examination of the spherical scatterer approximation in aqueous suspensions of sand (1988)

The available data for scattered acoustic intensity and attenuation in dilute aqueous suspensions of sand are compared with theory. In theoretical calculations, the scatterer is assumed to be spherical and elastic, or rigid and movable, or rigid and immovable. The rigid movable model provides the best fit to the data. The failure of the elastic model in comparison to the rigid sphere models indicates that resonance excitation does not occur in natural sand grains, probably because of irregularities in shape. The fact that better agreement with experiment is obtained with the rigid movable model than with the rigid immovable model indicates that the inertia of the particles is important. Additional approximate expressions for the form factor and attenuation coefficient have been constructed based on a modified form of the so-called high-pass model introduced by Johnson [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 61, 275–277 (1977)]. The modified high-pass model provides a fit to the data that is as good as, or better than, the rigid movable case.
Gibberellin A59: A new gibberellin from Canavalia gladiata. (1981)

Gibberellin A59 has been isolated from immature seeds of Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) and its structure was determined to be Δ2-gibberellin A21 (1).
Band structure engineering of semiconductors for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting: The case ofTiO2 (2010)

Here, we propose general strategies for the rational design of semiconductors to simultaneously meet all of the requirements for a high-efficiency, solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting device. As a case study, we apply our strategies for engineering the popular semiconductor, anatase ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$. Previous attempts to modify known semiconductors such as ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ have often focused on a particular individual criterion such as band gap, neglecting the possible detrimental consequence to other important criteria. Density-functional theory calculations reveal that with appropriate donor-acceptor coincorporation alloys with anatase ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ hold great potential to satisfy all of the criteria for a viable PEC device. We predict that (Mo, 2N) and (W, 2N) are the best donor-acceptor combinations in the low-alloy concentration regime whereas (Nb, N) and (Ta, N) are the best choice of donor-acceptor pairs in the high-alloy concentration regime.
A Model for Interactive Art (2018)

The new technologies of computer systems and artificial intelligence enable new directions in art. One new direction is the creation of highly interactive works based on computation. We describe several interactive artworks and show that there are strong similarities that transcend categories such as drama, music, and dance. Examining interactive art as a general approach, we identify one important dimension of variability having to do with the degree to which the art is focused on the process of interaction as opposed to generating a final product. The model that results from our analysis suggests future directions and forms of interactive art. We speculate what some of these new forms might be like.
EMC: Energy-Aware Morphable Cache Design for Non-Volatile Processors (2018)

Wearable, implantable and Internet of Things devices are attracting increasing attention from both research and industry fields. Energy harvesting is a promising alternative of battery to power these embedded systems. However, the intrinsic instability of energy harvesting systems leads to potential frequent power interruptions. In traditional volatile processor, all the status will be lost at power failures and the program needs to re-start after power resumes. In order to survive the power failures and enable accumulative execution, non-volatile processor (NVP) is proposed to back up volatile information before power depletion and recover the system status after power resumes. Non-volatile memory (NVM) is typically attached for cache and main memory backup. There are researches working on optimization of the backup. However, little of them involve multiple level cell (MLC) NVM. In this work, we first discuss the benefit of applying MLC NVM for cache backup and the architecture of morphable hybrid cache, and then propose a three-stage energy-aware cache management strategy to improve the system performance and energy utilization while guaranteeing successful backups. Backup-aware cache replacement policies are also developed for backup optimization. Evaluation shows that the proposed EMC scheme can achieve 10.6 percent performance improvement and simultaneous 25.2 percent energy reduction when compared with the single level cell (SLC) based hybrid cache.
Studies on Plant Growth-regulating Activities of Anisomycin and Toyocamycin (1972)

Journal Article Studies on Plant Growth-regulating Activities of Anisomycin and Toyocamycin Get access Osamu Yamada, Osamu Yamada Ageo Research Laboratory, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Koshikiya, Ageo, Saitama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoji Kaise, Yoji Kaise Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Fumio Futatsuya, Fumio Futatsuya Ageo Research Laboratory, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Koshikiya, Ageo, Saitama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shuichi Ishida, Shuichi Ishida Ageo Research Laboratory, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Koshikiya, Ageo, Saitama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kensaku Ito, Kensaku Ito Ageo Research Laboratory, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Koshikiya, Ageo, Saitama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hiroshi Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamamoto Ageo Research Laboratory, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Koshikiya, Ageo, Saitama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Katsura Munakata Katsura Munakata Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 36, Issue 11, 1 November 1972, Pages 2013–2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1972.10860511 Published: 01 November 1972 Article history Received: 25 November 1971 Published: 01 November 1972
Modern Industrial Gas Turbines for the Oil Field (1967)

Perindopril has been studied in groups of normal young and elderly subjects, in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and in hypertensive patients. Plasma concentrations of perindoprilat are increased and renal clearance reduced in elderly subjects, resulting in an increase in the acute pharmacodynamic effect of perindopril. Compensated hepatic cirrhosis does not have any independent effect on the pharmacokinetics of perindopril. After intravenous administration, perindoprilat concentrations show multiexponential decay with a terminal half life of over 30 hours associated with sustained inhibition of ACE. During repeated dosing there is little accumulation of drug, and no evidence of increased haemodynamic effect after chronic treatment in hypertensives. The therapeutic consequences of these findings are: binding of perindoprilat to ACE prolongs the haemodynamic effect, giving the option of once daily administration; despite the long terminal elimination half life of the drug, significant accumulation is not a problem during chronic treatment; increased plasma concentrations of active metabolite in the elderly and reduced renal elimination may require reduced doses to be used; further dose adjustment in compensated hepatic cirrhosis is not routinely necessary.
Long-Term Effects of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Radiation for Relapsed and Refractory Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2008)

HL accounts for most deaths among patients surviving HDT and ASCR. Survivors of ASCR had an elevated risk of SM compared with the cancer risk in the general population, but when compared with patients with HL in SEER, the risk was less pronounced.
Light-triggered and phosphorylation-dependent 14-3-3 association with NON-PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 is required for hypocotyl phototropism (2021)

Abstract NON-PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 (NPH3) is a key component of the auxin-dependent plant phototropic growth response. We show that NPH3 directly binds polyacidic phospholipids, required for plasma membrane association in darkness. We further demonstrate that blue light induces an immediate phosphorylation of a C-terminal 14-3-3 binding motif in NPH3. Subsequent association of 14-3-3 proteins is causal for the light-induced release of NPH3 from the membrane and required for NPH3 dephosphorylation. In the cytosol, NPH3 dynamically transitions into membrane-less condensate-like structures. The dephosphorylated state of the 14-3-3 binding site and NPH3 membrane recruitment are recoverable in darkness. NPH3 variants that constitutively localize either to the membrane or to condensates are non-functional, revealing a fundamental role of the 14-3-3 mediated dynamic change in NPH3 localization for auxin-dependent phototropism. This novel mechanism of regulation might be of general nature, given that several members of the NPH3-like family interact with 14-3-3 via a C-terminal motif.
The Role of Protein Kinase C in Cellular Tolerance to Ethanol (1996)

We have shown that ethanol inhibits uptake of adenosine by a specific nucleoside transporter in NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cells and that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity is required for this inhibition. After chronic exposure to ethanol, adenosine uptake is no longer inhibited on rechallenge with ethanol, i.e. transport has become tolerant to ethanol. Here we show that protein kinase C (PKC) contributes to ethanol-induced tolerance of adenosine transport. Activation of PKC by phorbol esters in control cells results in an ethanol-tolerant phenotype, similar to that produced by chronic ethanol exposure. In addition, chronic exposure to ethanol increases the amounts of alpha, delta, and epsilon PKC. However, reducing PKC activity by inhibition with chelerythrine during chronic exposure to ethanol or down-regulation by phorbol esters prevents the development of ethanol-induced tolerance of adenosine transport. By contrast, the inhibition of PKA activity produces tolerance to ethanol inhibition of adenosine uptake. When protein phosphatase inhibitors are present, inhibiting PKA activity has no effect on ethanol sensitivity of adenosine uptake, suggesting a role for protein phosphatases in the regulation of ethanol sensitivity of uptake. Taken together, our results suggest that PKA and PKC have opposing effects on the ethanol sensitivity of adenosine transport; PKA activity is required for ethanol sensitivity, and PKC activation produces tolerance. Based on these data, we propose that chronic ethanol exposure increases PKC activity, leading to the activation of a protein phosphatase (1 or 2A). This phosphatase then dephosphorylates a PKA-phosphorylated site, which is required for ethanol to inhibit adenosine uptake. Therefore, the sensitivity of adenosine transport to ethanol appears to be maintained by a balance of PKA and protein phosphatase activities, and PKC may regulate phosphatase activity.
Self-Localization for Mobile Robots Based on Omni-Directional Imaging of Floor Region and Dead Reckoning (2002)

我々は, ロボットに搭載された全方位視覚で得られる床領域全体を利用した自己位置推定方法を提案したが, 画像の量子化誤差による精度限界が存在した。一方, ロボットの車輪の回転量を積算するデッドレコニングは簡便であるが, 原理上誤差が蓄積される。そこで本稿では, 視覚による推定値とデッドレコニング値をカルマンフィルタによって融合することで, 個々の方法よりはるかに精度を向上させる方法を開発した。また, ロボカップ小型リーグを想定し, 衝突や人間の介入によって位置が変更された場合のエラー処理についても検討する。
Twitter, partisan use and institutional use: Comparative analysis between the profiles of Moncloa, Madrid City Council and their ruling parties (2019)

This paper seeks to compare and analyse the differences in the use of Twitter that, Partido Popular, as a traditional political party, and Ahora Madrid, as a new political party, make of the institutional channels for the public institutions that they administer. In addition, the present study analyses three different periods in the electoral process: the pre-campaign, campaign and post-campaign during the Spanish general elections of December 20th, 2015 in order to see if the election periods caused changes in their communications on Twitter. The sample consists of four cases divided into two groups for content analysis. On one hand, the Government’s Twitter profile (@desdelamoncloa) and of its ruling party, Partido Popular (@ppopular), comprise the old political group, while the Madrid City Council (@Madrid) and its ruling party, Ahora Madrid (@AhoraMadrid), are integrated into the new political group. Additionally, word clouds provide a visual representation of the main terms used by each group. The study results show which group uses and better leverages Twitter’s potential, in that Partido Popular and Moncloa have clearer differences between party and institutional channels, while Ahora Madrid and the Madrid City Council do not seem to be as clear about the difference between the two concepts and use the party channel as the city council channel. However, the results demonstrate that the new political profile leverages Twitter’s potential more.