gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrospinning of hybrid nanofibres elaborated with PEG core dendrimers and SPIONs synthesized in-situ: As multifunctional material for biomedical applications (2017)

Nanoparticles have emerged as a major attraction for preparation of novel materials with unique properties. They are usually a combination of extraordinary materials not found in nature. Expanding on that concept, nanofibres with additional components for biomedical applications were fabricated. Magnetic nanoparticles were chosen because they exhibit super paramagnetic properties for a wide range of applications in biomedicine. These particles were coated with polymer PEG 2000, which allowed bond formation of bond between the positive end of the dipole in SPIONs and the anion in PEG 2000, thus providing stability for use for a few weeks after preparation and further helping the interaction with PEG dendrimers and PEO. A colloid of SPIONs with PEG dendrimers and PEO was then used for electrospinning, providing multifunctional nanofibres of SPIONs characteristic rust-colour. The average diameter depended on the generation of dendrimers used in the colloid, ranging from 113 nm to 123 nm. The fibres were further characterized for thermal stability using TGA. The nanofibres proved a higher thermal stability, which is one of the many functionalities obtained by consisting of diverse, nanoparticle components. This can lead to numerous possibilities that could be fabricated by building on this methodology. For example, hybrid materials containing pioneering combinations can be developed.
Laser interference microphone for ultrasonics and nonlinear acoustics (1977)

A small part of a focused laser beam in a Mach–Zehnder arrangement is used for the detection of high-frequency pressure waves. The interferometer is stabilized on an interference slope by means of a simple electro-optical feedback system. The method introduces only little perturbation to the pressure field and yields the true pressure history p (t) with a submicrosecond time resolution. Several examples of registrations show the capability of this ideal microphone.
Step structure and dimer row correlations in vicinal Si(100) (1988)

The surface structures of 7°, 3.5°, and 2.5° vicinal Si(100) samples tilted about [011̄] have been studied with low-energy electron diffraction. Double-atomic-height steps can be formed on these surfaces after sufficient heat treatment. Angular profile analysis of the integral-order diffracted beams is used to determine step height, average terrace size, terrace size distribution, and degree of step edge roughness. Angular profile analysis of the fractional-order diffracted beams is used to determine the relative fraction of single-atomic-height steps and to measure the degree of correlation in the (2×1) dimer row shifts. The latter is seen as a splitting in the (2×1) beam that is one-half the splitting distance in the (00) beam. This splitting is observed to be reversible with temperature, indicating a phase transition in the configuration of (2×1) dimer row shifts.
Deep learning for behaviour classification in a preclinical brain injury model (2022)

The early detection of traumatic brain injuries can directly impact the prognosis and survival of patients. Preceding attempts to automate the detection and the assessment of the severity of traumatic brain injury continue to be based on clinical diagnostic methods, with limited tools for disease outcomes in large populations. Despite advances in machine and deep learning tools, current approaches still use simple trends of statistical analysis which lack generality. The effectiveness of deep learning to extract information from large subsets of data can be further emphasised through the use of more elaborate architectures. We therefore explore the use of a multiple input, convolutional neural network and long short-term memory (LSTM) integrated architecture in the context of traumatic injury detection through predicting the presence of brain injury in a murine preclinical model dataset. We investigated the effectiveness and validity of traumatic brain injury detection in the proposed model against various other machine learning algorithms such as the support vector machine, the random forest classifier and the feedforward neural network. Our dataset was acquired using a home cage automated (HCA) system to assess the individual behaviour of mice with traumatic brain injury or non-central nervous system (non-CNS) injured controls, whilst housed in their cages. Their distance travelled, body temperature, separation from other mice and movement were recorded every 15 minutes, for 72 hours weekly, for 5 weeks following intervention. The HCA behavioural data was used to train a deep learning model, which then predicts if the animals were subjected to a brain injury or just a sham intervention without brain damage. We also explored and evaluated different ways to handle the class imbalance present in the uninjured class of our training data. We then evaluated our models with leave-one-out cross validation. Our proposed deep learning model achieved the best performance and showed promise in its capability to detect the presence of brain trauma in mice.
Correction and Republication “Synergy Effect of Vapor-Grown Carbon Nanofiber and Molybdenum Disulfide Additives on Urea-Based Grease Thermal and Lubrication Properties” [Tribology Online, Vol. 3, No. 4, 2008, pp. 228-231] (2008)

The corrected paper is published because a part of text was lacked in the paper published in Tribology Online, 3, 4, 2008, pp. 228-231.
Growth Mechanism of Poly(divinylbenzene) Microspheres in Precipitation Polymerization (1999)

The residual surface vinyl groups in poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres prepared by precipitation polymerization in acetonitrile were converted to hexyl groups by treatment with n-butyllithium and to ethyl groups by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of Wilkinson's catalyst. These modified particles and unmodified particles were used as seeds in separate precipitation polymerizations of divinylbenzene in acetonitrile, under identical conditions. Only the unmodified seeds were able to capture the oligomers formed and grow without secondary initiation. Both the butylated and the hydrogenated samples showed extensive secondary initiation instead of seed particle growth. These results demonstrate that precipitation polymerization of divinylbenzene in near-ϑ solvents is an entropic precipitation, involving radical reactions between the macromonomer particles and newly formed oligomers. These results further imply that the growing particles are autostabilized by the transient solvent-swollen gel layer on their surfaces, formed by a recently captured oligomer.
Characteristics of bovine clone offspring (F1): comparison with clones (2009)

International audience
Formation of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas reservoirs in the Changling fault depression, Songliao Basin (2011)

On the basis of the research on the forming conditions and distribution of inorganic CO2 gas reservoirs and organic hydrocarbon gas reservoirs in the central uplift area of the Changling fault depression, the forming time, stage and sequence of the two gas reservoirs were studied and the pool-forming patterns were established by analyzing fluid inclusions and structural evolution. The organic gas is over-mature coal-derived gas, mainly from source rocks of the Yingcheng Formation, Shahezi Formation and Huoshiling Formation. Inorganic CO2 gas is mainly from mantle, secondarily from the degassing of volcanics. The distribution of gas-source fault systems and the degassing of mantle volcanos are the two main factors controlling the enrichment, migration and accumulation of inorganic CO2 gas reservoirs. The formation of hydrocarbon gas reservoirs is earlier than that of inorganic CO2 gas reservoirs, the former is 81(86 Ma during the depositional period of the Yaojia to early Nenjiang Formations, the latter is 28 Ma in the Late Paleogene. CO2 gas reservoirs mainly exist, alone or mixed with hydrocarbon gas, in the Yingcheng Formation volcanics, and the hydrocarbon gas reservoirs are on the top of the mixed gas reservoirs.
Labeled radial drawing of data structures (2004)

We describe a radial layout method for displaying B/sup +/-tree data structures. We present an algorithmic framework for computing the node positions that result in a planar drawing. Layout issues related to displaying the internal structure of the nodes are addressed. Each field value and associated pointer that comprises the internal structure of the node is considered a subnode. The drawing technique uses different polygonal shapes for the subnodes that allow curvature to the design. We discuss the layout of text labels for the fields of the nodes which provides good readability and which preserves the semantics of the data structure. The edge positioning shows the association of the pointers with their corresponding field label. The radial drawing of the B/sup +/-tree makes better use of the display space than the traditional hierarchical drawing.
Fuzzy Reals with Algebraic Operations: Algorithmic approach (2002)

Fuzzy counterpart of real numbers, called fuzzy numbers (reals), are investigated. Their membership functions satisfy conditions similar to quasi-convexity. In order to operate on them in a similar way to real numbers revised algebraic operations are introduced. At first four operations between fuzzy and real numbers are in use in a form suitable for their algorithmisations. Two operations: addition and subtraction between fuzzy numbers are proposed to omit some drawbacks of the corresponding operations originally defined by L. A. Zadeh with the help of his extension principle.
Age-Dependent Glycomic Response to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus and Its Association with Disease Severity (2020)

Influenza A viruses cause a spectrum of responses, from mild coldlike symptoms to severe respiratory illness and death. Intrinsic host factors, such as age, can influence disease severity. Glycosylation plays a critical role in influenza pathogenesis; however, the molecular drivers of influenza outcomes remain unknown. In this work, we characterized the host glycomic response to the H1N1 2009 pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1pdm09) as a function of age-dependent severity in a ferret model. Using our dual-color lectin microarray technology, we examined baseline glycosylation and glycomic response to infection in newly weaned and aged animals, models for young children and the elderly, respectively. Compared to adult uninfected ferrets, we observed higher levels of α-2,6-sialosides, the receptor for H1N1pdm09, in newly weaned and aged animals. We also observed age-dependent loss of O-linked α-2,3-sialosides. The loss of these highly charged groups may impact viral clearance by mucins, which corresponds to the lower clearance rates observed in aged animals. Upon infection, we observed dramatic changes in the glycomes of aged animals, a population severely impacted by the virus. In contrast, no significant alterations were observed in the newly weaned animals, which show mild to moderate responses to the H1N1pdm09. High mannose, a glycan recently identified as a marker of severity in adult animals, increased with severity in the aged population. However, the response was delayed, in line with the delayed development of pneumonia observed. Overall, our results may help explain the differential susceptibility to influenza A infection and severity observed as a function of age.
Enhancing layered 3D displays with a lens (2013)

We augment layered three-dimensional (3D) displays using a lens placed in front of or between attenuation layers. The lens, or similar optical element, improves the angular resolution of the system and enables translation of the displayed scene from a near-field image to a far-field projection. We analyze the relation between angular resolution (scene depth) and the number of layers and characterize the phase-space trade-offs between spatial and angular frequency components. We also introduce an algorithm for determining the layers of the display, which significantly reduces the computational requirements. The method is demonstrated on a standard 4D light field scene.
In-Situ Mechanical Characteristics of the Tongue are not Altered in the Obese Zucker Rat (2009)

Obesity does not alter the in-situ force production of the tongue muscle. Thus, increases in collapsibility of the isolated upper airway previously noted in obese Zucker rats cannot be ascribed to upper airway muscle dysfunction or enhanced fatigability.
Nitrite Does Not Provide Additional Protection to Thrombolysis in a Rat Model of Stroke with Delayed Reperfusion (2007)

An adjuvant therapy to prolong the therapeutic window for stroke patients is urgently needed. This randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study investigated adjuvant intravenous sodium nitrite with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with 6 and 2 h of ischemia followed by reperfusion in Sprague-Dawley rats (n=59). Quantitative diffusion, T(1)-, T(2)-weighted, and semiquantitative perfusion imaging were performed before and after reperfusion and at 48 h after ischemia to determine the spatiotemporal evolution of stroke. After 48 h animals were killed and examined to evaluate infarct size and evidence of hemorrhagic transformation. Factor VIII immunostaining was performed to assess vessel morphology. Nitrite treatment (6 h group: 37.5 micromol for more than 90 mins; 2 h group: 26.25 and 1.75 micromol for more than 60 mins) did not reduce infarct volume 48 h after MCAO compared with saline-treated placebo groups after 6 or 2 h of MCAO. Stroke progression from baseline to 48 h, based on the apparent diffusion coefficient and relative cerebral blood flow deficits before and after reperfusion and T(2)-weighted hyperintensity at 48 h, did not differ between treated and control animals. These results suggest that nitrite is not a protective adjuvant therapy to delayed rtPA administration after ischemic stroke in rats.
Curved coupled‐line resonators for microwave filter applications (2017)

Abstract Planar resonant structures made of curved coupled microstrip and slot lines and their application for microwave filtering are presented. The prominent feature of the proposed resonators is their wide bandwidth. It is demonstrated that such resonators are useful for microwave band‐reject and low‐pass filtering applications. The proposed structures were compared with split‐ring resonators (SRRs) and complementary split‐ring resonators (CSRRs). The size of the filters made with the proposed resonators was similar to those made with SRR and CSRR; however, their bandwidths were larger. Prototypes were fabricated and tested.
H5N1 Influenza Virus Pathogenesis in Genetically Diverse Mice Is Mediated at the Level of Viral Load (2011)

Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus has circulated in Southeast Asia since 2003 but has been confirmed in relatively few individuals. It has been postulated that host genetic polymorphisms increase the susceptibility to infection and severe disease. The mechanisms and host proteins affected during severe disease are unknown. Inbred mouse strains vary considerably in their ability to resist H5N1 virus and were used to identify the primary mechanism determining disease severity. After inoculation with H5N1, resistant mouse strains had reduced amounts of virus in their lungs, which subsequently resulted in lower production of proinflammatory mediators and less pathology. We therefore conclude that the host genetic component controlling disease severity is primarily influencing viral replication. This is an important concept, as it emphasizes the need to limit virus replication through antiviral therapies and it shows that the hyperinflammatory environment is simply a reflection of more viral genetic material inducing a response.
Automatic pan-tilt-zoom calibration in the presence of hybrid sensor networks (2005)

Wide-area context awareness is a crucial enabling technology for next generation smart buildings and surveillance systems. It is not practical to cover an entire building with cameras, however it is difficult to infer missing information when there are significant gaps in coverage. As a solution, we advocate a class of hybrid perceptual systems that builds a comprehensive model of activity in a large space, such as a building, by merging contextual information from a dense network of ultra-lightweight sensor nodes with video from a sparse network of high-capability sensors. In this paper we explore the task of automatically recovering the relative geometry between a pan-tilt-zoom camera and a network of one-bit motion detectors. We present results for the recovery of geometry alone, and also recovery of geometry jointly with simple activity models. Because we don't believe a metric calibration is necessary, or even entirely useful for this task, we formulate and pursue the novel goal we term functional calibration. Functional calibration is the blending of geometry estimation and simple behavioral model discovery. Accordingly, results are evaluated in terms of the ability of the system to automatically foveate targets in a large, non-convex space, not in terms of pixel reconstruction error.
Processes and Outcomes of Care for Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia (1999)

In this study, conducted primarily at hospital sites with affiliated medical education training programs, virtually all outpatients and most inpatients had pneumonia of unknown cause. Although outpatients had an excellent prognosis, pneumonia-related symptoms often persisted at 30 days. Inpatients had substantial mortality, morbidity, and pneumonia-related symptoms at 30 days.
Elastic Damage Analysis of Interlaminar Stress Distributions in Symmetrical Composite Laminates with Edge Delamination Cracks (1994)

This paper is intended to present a study of elastic-damaged behaviour of symmetrical composite laminates with edge delamination cracks subjected to uniformly applied uniaxial tensile load. The response of composite laminates is investigated by a quasi-three-dimensional finite element analysis including the damage characterization of constituent plies. Of principal concern are the effects of edge delamination cracks as well as the influence of damage on stress distributions in graphite/epoxy [0/90°]s, [90/0°]s and [±45°], laminates. The computed results between the behaviours of laminates with stiffness damage consideration and those of geometrically similar laminates without stiffness damage are compared and the significance of damage in stress analysis of fibre-reinforced composite materials is elucidated.
Tissue Profiling by Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has become a valuable tool to address a broad range of questions in many areas of biomedical research. One such application allows spectra to be obtained directly from intact tissues, termed "profiling" (low resolution) and "imaging" (high resolution). In light of the fact that MALDI tissue profiling allows over a thousand peptides and proteins to be rapidly detected from a variety of tissues, its application to disease processes is of special interest. For example, protein profiles from tumors may allow accurate prediction of tumor behavior, diagnosis, and prognosis and uncover etiologies underlying idiopathic diseases. MALDI MS, in conjunction with laser capture microdissection, is able to produce protein expression profiles from a relatively small number of cells from specific regions of heterogeneous tissue architectures. Imaging mass spectrometry enables the investigator to assess the spatial distribution of proteins, drugs, and their metabolites in intact tissues. This article provides an overview of several tissue profiling and imaging applications performed by MALDI MS, including sample preparation, matrix selection and application, histological staining prior to MALDI analysis, tissue profiling, imaging, and data analysis. Several applications represent direct translation of this technology to clinically relevant problems.
New generation of Distributed Bragg Reflectors based on BAlN/AlN structures for deep UV-optoelectronic applications (2011)

We report innovative highly reflective DBR structures based on the novel material BAlN. An experimental BAlN/AlN DBRs demonstrated a reflectivity of 60% and 82% at wavelengths of 282 nm and 311nm respectively.
Semi-Physical Simulation Platform Design Base on FMI (2013)

FMI is put forward by ITEA2, the target is the realization of cross platform, many areas of joint simulation. FMI is a standard interface which is used to implement the simulation. It is complete the following parts of specific functions: To load FMU model which is generated by other software , edit and compile the model , then download to target machine which VxWorks is running on; Realization of seamless connection with VxWorks target machine; Supporting the simulation model which is build by C/C++ language . Through this platform, FMU model and C/C++ model can be used in the Real time operating system of VxWorks, and realize the real time monitoring of simulation data, which make it becoming possible to realization of joint simulation.
Expanding the family of bis-cyclometalated chiral-at-metal rhodium(iii) catalysts with a benzothiazole derivative (2016)

Synthetic access to previously elusive single enantiomers of an octahedral chiral-at-metal rhodium(iii) complex containing two cyclometalated 2-phenylbenzothiazoles and two acetonitrile ligands is reported. The complex is a superior chiral Lewis acid catalyst compared to its benzoxazole congener which can be rationalized with a higher steric congestion around the coordination sites.
Temperature calibration of optical fiber attenuation differences induced measurement error of Raman distributed temperature sensor (2015)

The effect of optical fiber attenuation differences (AD) induced temperature error of Raman distributed temperature sensor (RDTS) is analyzed using the temperature demodulation algorithm. First of all, a novel method to address the effects caused by the AD between Stokes and anti-Stokes light is proposed. Furthermore, the temperature measurement error caused by additional AD of fiber temperature is also reduced by using a formula obtained by experimental data. The experimental results demonstrate that the RDTS system can measure different temperature zones more accurately.
Nonvacuum-based deposition techniques for superconducting ceramic coatings (2002)

Abstract The widespread use of vacuum-based techniques for the deposition of ceramic coatings with specific electric, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties is well established in the research environment, and some of them have been implemented in a variety of industrial processes. However, obtaining uninterrupted deposition at high speed, increasing flexibility in composition and in film thickness, and attaining independence of geometric constraints are areas in which many vacuum techniques will need sustained development in order to answer industrial demands. The development of the next generation of deposition methods, which could alleviate some of these shortcomings and which are based on deposition under atmospheric environment and from aqueous precursor materials, is a real challenge for the community of solid-state chemists and delineates the subject of this overview.
GPS based land vehicle positioning using Gaussian sum filters (2008)

In this paper, we consider land vehicle positioning in an urban environment. A nonlinear and non-Gaussian model is derived as the process model whereas GPS pseudo-range and odometer measurements are used as observations. A parametric model is proposed for representing the variations of the observation noise covariance matrix. The performances of the derived Gaussian sum filter are evaluated by using experimental data.