gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ancient Origin of the CARD–Coiled Coil/Bcl10/MALT1-Like Paracaspase Signaling Complex Indicates Unknown Critical Functions (2018)

The CARD-coiled coil (CC)/Bcl10/MALT1-like paracaspase (CBM) signaling complexes composed of a CARD-CC family member (CARD-9, -10, -11, or -14), Bcl10, and the type 1 paracaspase MALT1 (PCASP1) play a pivotal role in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Targeting MALT1 proteolytic activity is of potential therapeutic interest. However, little is known about the evolutionary origin and the original functions of the CBM complex. Type 1 paracaspases originated before the last common ancestor of planulozoa (bilaterians and cnidarians). Notably in bilaterians, Ecdysozoa (e.g., nematodes and insects) lacks Bcl10, whereas other lineages have a Bcl10 homolog. A survey of invertebrate CARD-CC homologs revealed such homologs only in species with Bcl10, indicating an ancient common origin of the entire CBM complex. Furthermore, vertebrate-like Syk/Zap70 tyrosine kinase homologs with the ITAM-binding SH2 domain were only found in invertebrate organisms with CARD-CC/Bcl10, indicating that this pathway might be related to the original function of the CBM complex. Moreover, the type 1 paracaspase sequences from invertebrate organisms that have CARD-CC/Bcl10 are more similar to vertebrate paracaspases. Functional analysis of protein-protein interactions, NF-κB signaling, and CYLD cleavage for selected invertebrate type 1 paracaspase and Bcl10 homologs supports this scenario and indicates an ancient origin of the CARD-CC/Bcl10/paracaspase signaling complex. By contrast, many of the known MALT1-associated activities evolved fairly recently, indicating that unknown functions are at the basis of the protein conservation. As a proof-of-concept, we provide initial evidence for a CBM- and NF-κB-independent neuronal function of the Caenorhabditis elegans type 1 paracaspase malt-1. In conclusion, this study shows how evolutionary insights may point at alternative functions of MALT1.
Integer Linear Programming Based Topology Design for GNSSs With Inter-Satellite Links (2020)

Inter-satellite links (ISLs) can be employed in global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for space-based telemetry, telecommand and ranging, which reduces the requirement for a large number of ground stations (GSs). However, the polling time division duplex (PTDD) ranging hierarchy of the ISLs raises the topology design problem of the networks. To optimize the communication performance with the constraint of ranging for precise orbit determination in GNSSs, we model the ISLs network with finite state automation (FSA) and solve the optimization problem with integer linear programming (ILP). With the proposed method, for the first time, optimal delay and throughput are both achieved for data transmission between satellites and GSs with guaranteed ranging performance. Simulation results corroborate that, compared with two existing methods, the proposed scheme largely improves the communication performance, i.e., the average delay and the network throughput by 46.9% and 11%, respectively.
Method of curved surface abnormal holes vision measurement based on high precision turntable (2015)

For solving the difficult problem that there is no effective way to measure abnormal holes located at blade erection loop of aero-engine case, an image measurement system based on high precision air-bearing turntable is established in this paper. The issue that monocular vision can’t measure curved surface has overcome by using high precision turntable to make sure high positioning accuracy of the surface abnormal holes and high-resolution microscope lens which is used to image local tiny features. Besides, an algorithm of determining the boundary points of a trailing edge on the contour of abnormal hole is proposed to achieve a rapid fitting and accuracy. After experiments and analysis, results show that the system can be used to measure local tiny features on curved surfaces validly and efficiently.
Integrating High-Density Microwave Signalling and Packaging With Superconducting Qubits (2019)

One of the challenges for building a quantum computer with superconducting qubits is being able to integrate a sufficient density of microwave lines in a cryogenic environment. Traditionally this has been limited by the pitch of SMA cables. When trying to go beyond this approach there are two problems to address. The first is outfitting a dilution refrigerator with enough lines to run from room temperature to the base temperature stage. The second is building a package for a quantum integrated circuit that houses enough microwave lines itself. We propose a solution to both of these problems by using RF flexible circuits to increase signal density in the dilution refrigerator and package while maintaining signal integrity. We also discuss the thermal, mechanical and RF considerations that go into designing such a system. Finally we show a proof-of-concept integration of the entire system including measurements with superconducting qubits.
The Machiasport Petroglyphs (1985)

The article discusses the history of the study of the Machiasport Petroglyphs and theories of the origin of these petroglyphs.
Cathodic Protection of the Yaquina Bay Bridge (2001)

The Yaquina Bay Bridge in Newport, Oregon, was designed by Conde B. McCullough and built in 1936. The 3,223-foot (982 m) structure is a combination of concrete arch approach spans and a steel through arch over the shipping channel. Cathodic protection is used to prevent corrosion damage to the concrete arches. The Oregon Department of Transportation (Oregon DOT) installed a carbon anode coating (DAC-85) on two of the north approach spans in 1985. This anode was operated at a current density of 6.6 mA/m2(0.6 mA/ft2). No failure of the conductive anode was observed in 1990, five years after application, or in 2000, 15 years after application. Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes 20 mils (0.5 mm) thick were applied to half the south approach spans beginning in 1990. Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes 15 mils (0.4 mm) thick were applied to the remaining spans in 1996. These anodes were operated at a current density of 2.2 mA/m2(0.2 mA/ft2). In 1999, four zones on the approach spans were included in a two-year field trial of humectants to improve zinc anode performance. The humectants LiNO3 and LiBr were applied to two zones; the two adjacent zones were left untreated as controls. The humectants substantially reduced circuit resistance compared to the controls.
Antimicrobial Peptides as Agents of Mucosal Immunity (2007)

Mucosal surfaces are continually exposed to a wide range of potentially pathogenic organisms, yet the incidence of infectious disease resulting from these encounters is relatively low. This suggests the presence of highly effective defence mechanisms in these tissues. Antimicrobial peptides have recently been discovered in mucosal tissues and may play a significant role in host defence. Several mucosal peptides (andropin, magainin, tracheal antimicrobial peptide, enteric defensins and PR-39) all fulfil minimal criteria for a role in mucosal host defence, including potent in vitro antimicrobial activity and accumulation at the mucosal surface. Most of these mucosal peptides are encoded by members of large gene families that contain members found in other biological contexts more classically associated with antimicrobial defence. The abundance, activity and evolutionary history of several epithelial peptides suggest that antimicrobial peptides play a key role in host defence at mucosal surfaces.
Activation of β‐Catenin in mouse prostate causes HGPIN and continuous prostate growth after castration (2008)

The results from this study strongly suggest that Wnt/beta-Catenin signaling is involved in the regulation of prostate development and confirm that constitutive activation of this pathway enables the mouse prostate to grow after castration.
Flowing ConvNets for Human Pose Estimation in Videos (2015)

The objective of this work is human pose estimation in videos, where multiple frames are available. We investigate a ConvNet architecture that is able to benefit from temporal context by combining information across the multiple frames using optical flow. To this end we propose a network architecture with the following novelties: (i) a deeper network than previously investigated for regressing heatmaps; (ii) spatial fusion layers that learn an implicit spatial model; (iii) optical flow is used to align heatmap predictions from neighbouring frames; and (iv) a final parametric pooling layer which learns to combine the aligned heatmaps into a pooled confidence map. We show that this architecture outperforms a number of others, including one that uses optical flow solely at the input layers, one that regresses joint coordinates directly, and one that predicts heatmaps without spatial fusion. The new architecture outperforms the state of the art by a large margin on three video pose estimation datasets, including the very challenging Poses in the Wild dataset, and outperforms other deep methods that don't use a graphical model on the single-image FLIC benchmark (and also Chen &amp; Yuille and Tompson et al. in the high precision region).
Tax Sting ABN?: What ABN? (2011)

The importance of quoting the ABN or tax file number when payment is made for real estate or goods or services supplied in the course of an enterprise carried out by the supplier in Australia is discussed. However, some exceptions that might be of help in such cases of ABN are highlighted.
Synthesis and Characterization of the First Example of a Gallocenium Cation (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of the First Example of a Gallocenium CationCharles L. B. Macdonald, John D. Gorden, Andreas Voigt, and Alan H. CowleyView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 47, 11725–11726Publication Date (Web):November 8, 2000Publication History Received4 August 2000Published online8 November 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/ja002888xCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (40 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Carbon,Cations,Chemical structure,Molecular structure,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts
Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) for Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: The Burden of Bladder Cancer and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) Immunotherapy Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer Staging of Bladder Cancer Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma History of M. Bovis BCG Genetic Variability of BCG Clinical use of BCG Bcg Side Effects Bcg Mechanism of Action Neutrophils, Trail, and BCG Genetic Determinants of the BCG Response Genetic Modification of BCG Cellular Component Therapy Combination with Cytokines Conclusion References
Extra-Aneurysmal Flow Modification Following Pipeline Embolization Device Implantation: Focus on Regional Branches, Perforators, and the Parent Vessel (2014)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Flow-diverter technology has proved to be a safe and effective treatment for intracranial aneurysm based on the concept of flow diversion allowing parent artery and collateral preservation and aneurysm healing. We investigated the patency of covered side branches and flow modification within the parent artery following placement of the Pipeline Embolization Device in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> Sixty-six aneurysms in 59 patients were treated with 96 Pipeline Embolization Devices. We retrospectively reviewed imaging and clinical results during the postoperative period at 6 and 12 months to assess flow modification through the parent artery and side branches. Reperfusion syndrome was assessed by MR imaging and clinical evaluation. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Slow flow was observed in 13 of 68 (19.1%) side branches covered by the Pipeline Embolization Device. It was reported in all cases of anterior cerebral artery coverage, in 3/5 cases of M2-MCA coverage, and in 5/34 (14.7%) cases of ophthalmic artery coverage. One territorial infarction was observed in a case of M2-MCA coverage, without arterial occlusion. One case of deep Sylvian infarct was reported in a case of coverage of MCA perforators. Two ophthalmic arteries (5.9%) were occluded, and 11 side branches (16.2%) were narrowed at 12 months9 follow-up; patients remained asymptomatic. Parent vessel flow modification was responsible for 2 cases (3.4%) of reperfusion syndrome. Overall permanent morbidity and mortality rates were 5.2% and 6.9%, respectively. We did not report any permanent deficit or death in case of slow flow observed within side branches. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> After Pipeline Embolization Device placement, reperfusion syndrome was observed in 3.4%, and territorial infarction, in 3.4%. Delayed occlusion of ophthalmic arteries and delayed narrowing of arteries covered by the Pipeline Embolization Device were observed in 5.9% and 16.2%, respectively. No permanent morbidity or death was related to side branch coverage at midterm follow-up.
Zinc Supplementation During Pregnancy (1995)

To the Editor. —We find the study by Dr Goldenberg and colleagues 1 on the effect of zinc supplementation on pregnancy outcome in poor African—American women ethically troublesome because the pregnant women whose diets had less than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 15 mg of zinc per day were deprived of this essential nutrient as a supplement. In addition, the diets of the study participants were not assessed for phytate and fiber, which are associated with low bioavailability of dietary zinc. 2 The authors cite references that indicate zinc is an essential nutrient. 3 The National Research Council has documented that dietary zinc deficiency in humans causes growth retardation and immunological abnormalities. 4 Most women in this study did not seek prenatal care until they were approximately 19 weeks pregnant. The plasma zinc levels of these women were already below the median for this population. Health care professionals are
A chimera of EBNA1 and the estrogen receptor activates transcription but not replication (1992)

DNA replication from the plasmid origin of replication of Epstein-Barr virus requires one viral protein, EBNA1. This protein also acts as a transcriptional activator. Mutational analyses of EBNA1 have led to the conclusion that it supports transcription and DNA replication similarly. Such analyses have not probed the DNA-binding domain of EBNA1. To test whether domains of EBNA1 specifically required for either transcription or replication lie within its DNA-binding domain, we constructed a functional transcriptional activator by placing the EBNA1 DNA-binding domain in the context of the activation domains of the estrogen receptor. This hybrid protein did not support DNA replication, which indicates that the DNA-binding domain does not contain a replication-specific domain that can function along with heterologous transcriptional activating domains.
Erratum: Activity and Tolerability of Nilotinib: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Who Are Imatinib Resistant or Intolerant (2010)

Several errors appeared in article and are corrected below. In the section entitled Baseline ABL Kinase Domain Mutations, on page 4, the correct numbers for ABL kinase domain mutation in patients with imatinib resistance should be 20 of 56. On page 6 of this section, two statements were listed incorrectly. These sentences should have read: In this subgroup, CHR was newly achieved in 57%, major cytogenetic response in 29%, and major molecular response in 0%. These rates were not significantly different from the rates of responses in patients with neither kinase domain mutations nor other cytogenetic abnormalities (CHR, 80%; partial cytogenetic response, 56%; major molecular response, 19%; P = .79). In the footnote to Table 1, PCyR should have been defined as partial cytogenetic response. Here and in the footnote to Table 2, CCyR should have been defined as complete cytogenetic response. The legend for Figure 2 should have read: Overall survival and progression-free survival rates in CP compared to advanced phase patients (A and C, respectively) and in imatinib-resistant compared to imatinib-intolerant patients (B and D, respectively). In Table 3, the footnote symbol following E255K and L387M should be b which a corresponding footnote reading one patient had both. An additional mutation should have appeared as follows. E355G IC50 NA 1 SD IC_50_ was incorrectly defined in the paper. In the legends to Tables 2 and 3 and on page 6, IC_50_ should have been defined as half maximal inhibitory concentration. The authors regret these errors.
Bile pigment metabolism during anuran metamorphosis (1981)

Bilirubin UDP-Glucuronyl Transferase Ratio of the Bile Concentrations of
Application of Nutrigenomics in HCV Hepatosteatosis: Impact of Food Factors-Gene Interactions (2009)

Nutrigenomics is a relatively new branch of nutrition science. Its goal is to study the impact upon on the function of our genes of the foods we eat. Hepatosteatosis is strongly associated with HCV infection. It seems firmly established that the hepatitis C virus can directly alter host cell cholesterol/lipid metabolism through lipogenic genes and thus induce hepatic steatosis. A combination of pegylated interferon (IFN) with ribavirin is currently the most effective therapy for CH C. However, the sustained viro-logical response (SVR) rate still remains only approximately 55%. Furthermore, it is even less likely that patients with HCV genotype 1 infection affected by steatosis achieve an early (week 12) virological response (EVR) or SVR at all. Up till today, only a limited number of studies have reported an association between dietary and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-induced hepatosteatosis. Nutrigenomics offer tools to search for novel nutritional management/theraspeutic options, especially regarding the effects of intake of saturated and trans-fatty acids, for chronically HCV-infected patients. Not only polysaturated (lauric, myristic, and palmitic) but also monounsaturated (oleic) fatty acids induce replication of HCV RNA.
Phonon-limited mobility inn-type single-layer MoS2from first principles (2012)

We study the phonon-limited mobility in intrinsic $n$-type single-layer MoS${}_{2}$ for temperatures $T&gt;100$ K. The materials properties including the electron-phonon interaction are calculated from first principles and the deformation potentials and Fr\"ohlich interaction in single-layer MoS${}_{2}$ are established. The calculated room-temperature mobility of $\ensuremath{\sim}$410 cm${}^{2}$V${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$s${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ is found to be dominated by optical phonon scattering via intra and intervalley deformation potential couplings and the Fr\"ohlich interaction. The mobility is weakly dependent on the carrier density and follows a $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\sim}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ temperature dependence with $\ensuremath{\gamma}=1.69$ at room temperature. It is shown that a quenching of the characteristic homopolar mode, which is likely to occur in top-gated samples, increases the mobility with $\ensuremath{\sim}$70 cm${}^{2}$V${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$s${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and can be observed as a decrease in the exponent to $\ensuremath{\gamma}=1.52$. In comparison to recent experimental findings for the mobility in single-layer MoS${}_{2}$ ($\ensuremath{\sim}$200 cm${}^{2}$V${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$s${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$), our results indicate that mobilities close to the intrinsic phonon-limited mobility can be achieved in two-dimensional materials via dielectric engineering that effectively screens static Coulomb scattering on, e.g., charged impurities.
Longitudinal Monitoring of Circulating Tumor DNA to Predict Treatment Outcomes in Advanced Cancers (2022)

Detection of ctDNA and early dynamic changes in its quantity can predict the clinical outcomes of systemic therapies in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Genomic Technologies in Biomonitoring (2004)

Abstract Biological monitoring, or biomonitoring, is defined as using measurements of the resident biota in surface waters to evaluate the condition of the aquatic environment (1). In part, biological monitoring in the United States is designed to satisfy the goals of the Clean Water Act, which aims to protect wildlife in and on the water and eliminate discharge in toxic amounts into navigable water. Biomonitoring has inherent advantages over simply measuring the presence or concentration of a particular stressor or toxin due to the fact that organisms represent an integrated response to factors in their environment over time. Biomonitoring in aquatic habitats traditionally involved measuring the diversity within the community of macroinvertebrates, fish, or periphyton using species diversity, composition with respect to functional groups, or genetic diversity (2). Community indices have inherent problems. For example, streams can include a large spatial variance that is not correlated with problems in habitat. In addition, sampling effort can affect diversity measurements, resulting in an increase in the number of species sampled with longer or more frequent sampling times (3). Identification of species is time consuming and can increase the costs associated with these types of measurements due to personnel‐hours required (4). As one alternative, measurement of the concentration of chemicals has been used as a surrogate for biological criteria. These chemical water quality criteria (TMDL or total maximum daily load) have been developed by determining concentrations of compounds that cause acute toxicity to standard test organisms.
Synthesis of β-C-Glycopyranosyl Aldehydes and 2,6-Anhydro-heptitols (2015)

A convenient route has been developed for the diastereoselective synthesis of β-C-glycopyranosyl aldehydes from D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-galactose. The key step in the synthesis of C-glycosyl aldehydes is the aryl driven reductive dehydration on 1-phenyl-2-(2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glycopyranosyl)ethanone to afford alkenes, which on oxidation afford the desired compounds in good yield. β-C-Glycopyranosyl aldehydes have been converted to 2,6-anhydro-heptitols in quantitative yields. The 2,6-anhydro-heptitols derived from D-mannose and D-galactose are enantiomeric and are useful linkers for the synthesis of macrocycles/amphiphiles of complementary chirality.
Acoustic Beamforming for Hearing Aid Applications (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Overview of noise reduction techniques Monaural beamforming Binaural beamforming Conclusion References