gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Formation Process of Photodeposited Rh Nanoparticles on TiO2 by In Situ Time-Resolved Energy-Dispersive XAFS Analysis (2010)

The photodeposition process of Rh metal nanoparticles on a TiO(2) photocatalyst from RhCl(3) aqueous solution in the presence of methanol as a sacrificial oxidant, which consists of the direct reduction of Rh(3+) ions to Rh metal and the formation of Rh nanoparticles, was uncovered by in situ time-resolved energy-dispersive X-ray absorption fine structure (DXAFS) analysis in a liquid-solid suspension state. The fractions of Rh metal particles and Rh(3+) precursor were estimated by the least-squares fitting of each X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectrum by a linear combination of authentic spectra corresponding to Rh(0) and Rh(3+). The fraction of Rh metal linearly increased with photoirradiation time and saturated after 90 min of photoirradiation. The coordination number (Rh-Rh pair) was evaluated by the curve fitting of the Rh-Rh scattering at 2.45 A in the Fourier transforms (FT) of extended XAFS (EXAFS) spectra. The coordination number linearly increased with photoirradiation time and attained a constant value of 10 after 90 min of photoirradiation. This value is lower than that for the Rh foil (12). These suggest the formation of fine Rh metal nanoparticles on TiO(2). In addition, the diminution rate of Rh(3+) as determined by ICP analysis was in good agreement with the increased rates for the fraction of Rh metal particles estimated by XANES spectra and the coordination number (Rh-Rh pair) evaluated by FT-EXAFS spectra. This result strongly supports the fact that electrons generated by charge separation reduce the Rh(3+) precursor to an Rh metal particle at a moment in time and at a constant rate. The Rh particles do not grow in incremental steps, but Rh particles with a uniform size appear one after another on the surface.
Non-restricted measurement of walking distance (2002)

Vertical walking distance is discussed. The horizontal distance is estimated by using the three dimensional acceleration of the subject's toe. Considering the movement of the foot, it is assumed that only the pitch angle of the foot changes and that the velocity of the foot is never negative. A three dimensional accelerometer is fixed to the subject's toe and measures the acceleration during the swing phase of the foot. A piezoelectric gyro is used to estimate the angle of the foot and to calculate its horizontal acceleration. The horizontal distance is obtained by integrating the horizontal acceleration twice each step. The vertical distance is calculated by integrating the change of atmospheric pressure during ascent or descent. A band pass filter is applied to reject natural changes of the atmospheric pressure and sensor noise. The integration of the output of the filter produces a value corresponding to the vertical distance. Experiments were performed in a horizontal corridor and on some stairs. The results show that the error of the horizontal distance estimated is less than 5.3% and 0.0% on average, and the vertical distance is less than 11.1%.
Simultaneous carrier transport enhancement and variability reduction in Si MOSFETs by insertion of partial monolayers of oxygen (2012)

We demonstrate simultaneous NMOS and PMOS high-field mobility enhancement and variability reduction by inserting partial monolayers of oxygen during silicon epitaxy of the channel layer.
C ‐Axis Orientation of KSr 2 Nb 5 O 15 Using a Rotating Magnetic Field (2007)

We fabricated c ‐axis‐oriented KSr 2 Nb 5 O 15 (KSN) ceramics using a rotating strong magnetic field with subsequent sintering. The degree of orientation of the green compact was about 0.1 for (00 l ), as evaluated from the Lotgering factor in X‐ray diffraction. The orientation of the structure was enhanced by sintering at 1673 K; the Lotgering factor of the sintered body increased to 0.8. Microstructural examination indicated a well‐oriented structure in which the longitudinal axes of the rectangular‐shaped grains were oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the magnetic field. KSN oriented on the a, b axes could be similarly fabricated using a strong static magnetic field.
Histopathological features of clinical perineural invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and the potential implications for treatment (2013)

Perineural tumor spread in cutaneous SCCHN was contiguous and no skip lesions were evident in nerve specimens assessed in this series. Spread beyond cranial nerve perineurium was uncommon, reflecting its multilayer barrier function at this level. These findings may have treatment implications.
Structural characterization of InN quantum dots grown by Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy (2005)

The effect of a low temperature GaN capping layer on the structural properties of InN quantum dots is reported. InN quantum dots grown onto sapphire using GaN buffer, with and without low temperature GaN capping layer, have been investigated by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The analysis revealed hexagonal shape quantum dots in both samples. Moreover, the GaN capping layer gives rise to a reduction in the dots aspect ratio. Moire fringe patterns, obtained in planar view geometry, were used to analyse the strain relaxation of the InN quantum dots. The moire pattern measurements demonstrated that the uncapped InN quantum dot is almost fully relaxed. These results are related to the formation of a 60 degrees misfit dislocation network in the InN/GaN interface. However, the capping layer not only generated a change of the aspect ratio, but also a decrease in the heterostructure plastic relaxation. The reason of this effect is discussed. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Spectral stabilization of linear transport equations with boundary and in-domain couplings (2021)

In this work, the problem of stabilization of general systems of linear transport equations with indomain and boundary couplings is investigated. It is proved that the unstable part of the spectrum is of finite cardinal. Then, using the pole placement theorem, a linear full state feedback controller is synthesized to stabilize the unstable finite dimensional part of the system. Finally, by a careful study of semigroups, we prove the exponential stability of the closed-loop system. As a by product, the linear control constructed before is saturated and a fine estimate of the basin of attraction is given.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Cultured Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (2007)

EGF could induce EGF-EGFR-MAPK signal transduction pathway in human RPE cells in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro, which may play a key role in the activation of human RPE cell proliferation and migration.
Influence of Acids on Scorching and Vulcanization of Carboxylic Rubbers (1963)

Abstract 1. A study of the influence of a series of acids on the process of scorching and the process of vulcanization of mixes was made. 2. It is shown that some sufficiently strong monobasic acids, not having a noticeable influence on the decrease in scorch, do, at the same time, destroy the strengthening effect of metal oxides on vulcanizates. 3. Polybasic acids and their anhydrides lessen scorch, but at the same time slow down vulcanisation. Maleic anhydride is most interesting of the group studied. 4. Vulcanizates using magnesium stearate were tested. It was shown that its use lessened scorch, for all practical purposes, had little effect on vulcanization, and improved the properties of vulcanizates somewhat.
A Prospective, Longitudinal Study of the Functional Status and Quality of Life of Older Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy (2006)

Despite toxicity from adjuvant chemotherapy, this cohort of relatively young older patients maintained their functional status and QOL from before chemotherapy to 6 months postchemotherapy. Subtle changes in higher-order functioning would require assessment using different geriatric assessment tools.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CRYOGENIC MECHANICAL PROPERTY TESTING STATION FOR SUPERCONDUCTING RF CAVITY MATERIAL (2010)

Recent concerns with pressure vessel codes as they relate to the construction of superconducting linacs have raised questions about mechanical proprieties of materials used in their fabrication at cryogenic temperatures. Pressure vessel engineering codes will require demonstration of a level of safety equivalent to that provided by the various ASME pressure and piping codes, so low temperature mechanical properties of niobium, titanium, and their alloys are needed. Michigan State University (MSU), in collaboration with Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) and Florida State University (FSU), is constructing a materials testing station for tensile tests of materials at room and cryogenic temperatures (300, 77, and 4 K). Once complete, the testing station will allow researchers to relate effects of different microstructures arising from manufacturing pathways, including annealing processes, crystal orientations and microstructure characteristics (e.g. welds) to the resulting mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures. The paper covers the design, construction, and commissioning of the cryogenic testing station, including initial results.
Sensitivity calculations and comparisons for shielded elliptical and circular birdcage coils (2002)

An analytical framework is presented which justifies the use of a confocal elliptical shield (previously adopted on empirical or numerical grounds) to limit the spatial extent of the radiofrequency (RF) field produced by an elliptical birdcage coil, while concurrently minimizing field inhomogeneities. From this analytical capability it is further shown that the relative linear mode geometric sensitivities depend only on the shield dimensions and can be readily evaluated, thus providing an upper bound to the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the damped elliptical birdcage over a circular coil of similar dimensions. The mismatch in the linear mode sensitivities can also be evaluated, and a method for the design of an appropriate feed configuration that ensures quadrature operation is given.
Mapping Binary Functions to a Practical Adiabatic Quantum Computer (2010)

Efficiently mapping binary functions to adiabatic quantum computers is an important problem because the resulting circuits can be used as oracles in Grover's algorithm. This paper presents a method for mapping binary functions to a two-dimensional grid of qubits with nearest neighbor interactions which is used in a prototype from D-Wave Systems. This is done by writing the binary function in a special form. This allows the binary function to be implemented by converting each gate into a 3-local Hamiltonian. These 3-local Hamiltonians are then converted into two-local Hamiltonians which are mapped to the grid of qubits.
A double-level-V/sub th/ select gate array architecture for multi-level NAND flash memories (2002)

This paper first explains that gate array noise during a bit-by-bit program verify operation, named source line noise, is estimated to have a crucial adverse effect on the threshold voltage (V/sub th/) control and causes a serious problem in Multi-Level NAND Flash Memories. Then a new array architecture, a Double-Level-V/sub th/ Select Gate Array Architecture, is introduced to eliminate this noise without cell area penalty.
Transient CDK4/6 inhibition protects hematopoietic stem cells from chemotherapy-induced exhaustion (2017)

Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is highly effective in certain cancers but causes dose-limiting damage to normal proliferating cells, especially hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Serial exposure to cytotoxics causes a long-term hematopoietic compromise ("exhaustion"), which limits the use of chemotherapy and success of cancer therapy. We show that the coadministration of G1T28 (trilaciclib), which is a small-molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), contemporaneously with cytotoxic chemotherapy protects murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from chemotherapy-induced exhaustion in a serial 5-fluorouracil treatment model. Consistent with a cell-intrinsic effect, we show directly preserved HSC function resulting in a more rapid recovery of peripheral blood counts, enhanced serial transplantation capacity, and reduced myeloid skewing. When administered to healthy human volunteers, G1T28 demonstrated excellent in vivo pharmacology and transiently inhibited bone marrow (BM) HSPC proliferation. These findings suggest that the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with cytotoxic chemotherapy should provide a means to attenuate therapy-induced BM exhaustion in patients with cancer.
Novel thermal method for determining properties of compressed natural gas (2019)

The article describes a new method for obtaining fuel properties, derived from the thermal properties of natural gas fuel mixtures. By measuring the thermal conductivity and the dynamic response with the help of a heated Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS), input values for a mathematical correlation are obtained which predict the calorific value of the gas. In this paper the fundamentals of the theoretical gas properties, the sensor operation and the first results on a gas test bench are presented.
The tobacco mosaic virus particle: structure and assembly (1999)

A short account is given of the physical and chemical studies that have led to an understanding of the structure of the tobacco mosaic virus particle and how it is assembled from its constituent coat protein and RNA. The assembly is a much more complex process than might have been expected from the simplicity of the helical design of the particle. The protein forms an obligatory intermediate (a cylindrical disk composed of two layers of protein units), which recognizes a specific RNA hairpin sequence. This extraordinary mechanism simultaneously fulfils the physical requirement for nucleating the growth of the helical particle and the biological requirement for specific recognition of the viral DNA.
Homogeneous Enzyme Immunoassay (EMIT) Protocol for Monitoring Tricyclic Antidepressants on the COBAS-BIO Centrifugal Analyzer (1987)

EMIT tests are available for quantitative determination of the tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline (AMI), nortriptyline (NORT), imipramine (IMI), and desipramine (DMI). An extraction step before analysis eliminates cross-reacting polar metabolites. Excellent correlation between EMIT and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been previously established. Most published protocols for using EMIT reagents on COBAS-BIO centrifugal analyzers were designed for analytes present at 1-50 mg/L in serum. AMI, NORT, IMI, and DMI are usually present at far less than 1 mg/L. We describe a COBAS-BIO EMIT protocol for assaying these analytes. Patient sample correlation between COBAS-BIO EMIT and EMIT-AutoLab were greater than 0.99. Between-run precision for single-point determinations was comparable to SYVA AutoLab performance [less than or equal to 11% at 40 micrograms/L AMI, NORT, IMI (80 micrograms/L DMI), and less than or equal to 4% at 200 micrograms/L AMI, NORT, IMI (400 micrograms/L DMI)]. With stored-curve updating, working reagents were usable for at least 14 days (AMI) or 23 days (DMI).
High precision mass-based assay to examine growth regulation of the cell cycle (2014)

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering, 2014.
Protein phosphorylation at tyrosine residues IN v‐abl transformed mouse lymphocytes and fibroblasts (1986)

Phosphotyrosine antibodies were employed to immunodecorate and immunoprecipitate proteins phosphorylated at tyrosine residues in cells transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV). In pre-B and pre-T lymphoma cells transformed by A-MuLV, the major phosphotyrosine-containing protein has an MW of 160 kDa and shares immunologically detectable sequences with the v-abl oncogene product. Moreover, two different proteins of approximately 100 and 68 kDa, heavily phosphorylated at tyrosine, were identified. Lack of immunological cross-reactivity with viral products and phosphopeptide mapping showed that the 100 and 68 kDa proteins are coded by cellular genes. Phosphoproteins were undetectable in control resting lymphocytes. The 68 and the 100 kDa proteins were phosphorylated to different extents in proliferating lymphocytes, either stimulated by the growth factor IL-2, or transformed by M-MuLV (lacking the oncogene coded kinase). In fibroblasts transformed by A-MuLV, phosphotyrosine antibodies identified 2 proteins of 120 and 70 kDa. By immunological cross-reaction and by phosphopeptide mapping, the first was identified as a 120 kDa form of the v-abl coded kinase. The 70 kDa protein is coded by a cellular gene, is not structurally related to the 120 kDa v-abl kinase, and is different from any phosphotyrosine-containing protein detected in A-MuLV-transformed lymphocytes. These data show that, upon v-abl-induced transformation, phosphorylation at tyrosine takes place also on proteins other than the 160 or 120-kDa oncogene products. In lymphocytes and fibroblasts these proteins are different, suggesting that the cascade of events triggered by the v-abl gene in different cell types involves tyrosine phosphorylation of different specific proteins.
Accurate calculations of second-order vibronic reduction factors for C60ions (2005)

An effective Hamiltonian containing Jahn-Teller (JT) first- and second-order vibronic reduction factors (RFs) is a convenient way of modelling the spectroscopic properties of solids and molecules in which vibronic interactions are important. It can act as a bridge between experimental data and basic theory. In particular, second-order RFs can give valuable information on many of the fundamental properties of strongly coupled systems. As interest in the icosahedral fullerene molecules and ions has grown over the last few years, it has become necessary to be able to calculate values for second-order RFs in icosahedral symmetry in terms of more fundamental vibronic coupling parameters. Following on from earlier work on the icosahedral JT system, we present here results of such calculations of the second-order vibronic RFs for the icosahedral , , and JT systems. These systems are relevant for the ground and excited states of C60 anions and cations. The calculations are based on the Franck-Condon approximation followed by additional non-Condon corrections. Previous work has demonstrated that such an approach can give values for the RFs close to those deduced from experiments.
Rsp5 is required for the nuclear export of mRNA of HSF1 and MSN2/4 under stress conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2008)

Rsp5 is an essential and multi-functional E3 ubiquitin ligase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We previously isolated the Ala401Glu rsp5 mutant that is hypersensitive to various stresses. In rsp5(A401E) cells, the transcription of the stress protein genes was defective. To understand the mechanism by which Rsp5 regulates the expression of stress proteins, we analyzed the expression and localization of two major transcription factors, Hsf1 and Msn2/4, required for stress protein gene expression in S. cerevisiae. The mRNA levels of HSF1 and MSN2/4 in rsp5(A401E) cells were slightly lower than those of wild-type cells. An interesting finding is that the protein levels of HSF1 and Msn2/4 were remarkably defective in rsp5(A401E) cells after exposure to temperature up-shift and ethanol, although these proteins are mainly localized in the nucleus under these stress conditions. We also showed that the mRNAs of HSF1 and MSN2/4 were accumulated in the nucleus of rsp5(A401E) cells after exposure to temperature up-shift and ethanol, and even under non-stress conditions, suggesting that Rsp5 is required for the nuclear export of these mRNAs. These results indicate that, in response to environmental stresses, Rsp5 primarily regulates the expression of Hsf1 and Msn2/4 at the post-transcriptional level and is involved in the repair system of stress-induced abnormal proteins.
Facing Inward from Compartment Shores: How Many Pathways were we Looking For? (2000)

Protein toxins of the Shiga family have become potent tools in studying a number of intracellular transport events such as endocytosis, the communication between endosomes and the biosynthetic/secretory pathway, and retrograde transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum. It seems clear today that most of these transport events can be explained from the toxins' interactions with cellular factors. This review will primarily focus on the discussion of recent data obtained on Shiga toxin and related toxins. We will point out to what extent the study of these proteins has opened new avenues for the development of intracellular targeting tools.
Optimized steelmaking from high phosphorus ores. (1986)

Swedish iron ore products, which contribute some 12% of Western European steel producers' ore supply, originate today mainly from iron rich magnetite ore deposits, most of which are contaminated with phosphorus.Over the years the mining companies have carried through various measures to improve and adapt the ore product properties to changing market conditions.Since 1978 the Swedish National Board for Technical Development (STU) has been sponsoring a long term research programme in order to study alternative routes for the processing of phosphorus contaminated iron ores.The present paper describes:1) Mineral dressing measures to make high quality ore products from phosphorus rich ores2) Operation of blast furnaces with 100% pellets burden made from enriched, dephosphorized high phosphorus ores3) A way of making very fine concentrates sinterable in an ordinary sintering plant4) How to balance the composition of a DR pellet to make it “self-fuxing” in electric arc furnace steelmaking, forming a furnace slag giving minimum refractory wear5) How to use medium phosphorus hot metal for steelmaking, and6) Economic comparisons of steelmaking from high phosphorus ores using different processing routes.At the present scrap price in Sweden of US$90-100/t the routeMineral dressing→Pelletizing (olivine pellets)→ →Blast furnace (low slag volume operation)→Hot metal desulphurization→LD-LBE steelmaking gives lowest cost of liquid steel based on high phosphorus ores.
The Sampling Method and Rotation Strategy of the Smart Meter Based on the Stratified and Staged Sampling Method (2019)

There is a large cost during the inspection and rotation of the smart meter. In this paper, the 8-year life cycle of the smart meter is divided into 4 stages. Smart meters are sampled through a stratified and staged method, based on the qualified rate and error factors. After the final inspection in the life cycle, the rotation benefit is evaluated by the score of the state of smart meters, economic benefit, management benefit and social benefit. And the problem whether it is needed to rotate the smart meter or not can be solved based on the value of the rotation benefit.
Empowering employees – back to the future at Novotel (1995)

Describes Novotel’s “Back to the Future” programme, introduced in 1993 with the aim of revisiting the customer‐focused philosophy that gave rise to the company’s success in the 1960s and 1970s. Novotel’s commitment to change transformed its image, structure and day‐to‐day approach to customers. Emphasis was placed on widespread empowerment of employees and a commitment to ensure decision makers were placed as close as possible to clients. Together with a massive investment in overhauling all older hotels, a new approach to managing the Group was adopted which called for a flatter organization and unprecedented autonomy for the general manager of every hotel. Novotel has today reassumed its position as leader and innovator in the European hotel industry.