gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
KIR Genotyping and Analysis (2008)

The genes encoding the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are situated within a segment of DNA that has undergone expansion and contraction over time due in large part to unequal crossing over. Consequently, individuals exhibit considerable haplotypic variation in terms of gene content. The highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I loci encode ligands for the KIR; thus, it is not surprising that KIR genes also show significant allelic polymorphism. As a result of the receptor-ligand relationship between KIR and HLA, functionally relevant KIR-HLA combinations need to be considered in the analysis of these genes as they relate to disease outcomes. This chapter will describe a genotyping method for identifying the presence/absence of the KIR genes and general approaches to data analysis in disease association studies.
Optimizing integrated water resources management: data, tools, and examples (2005)

Best utilizing water resources requires coordinating their availability and use in time and space. Required can be: spatially and temporally distributed data; simulators to predict system response to stimuli; procedures for defining management goals, constraints, and scenarios; optimizers to compute optimal management strategies; and appropriate strategy implementation techniques. Here, a strategy is a set of controllable groundwater extraction and injection rates and surface water diversions. Simulation/optimization (S/O) models couple simulators and optimizers to compute optimal strategies for posed management problems. S/O models are becoming more commonly used for policy, planning, system design, and management. For example, water planners and managers sometimes must decide how to control groundwater use to cause a favorable future and avoid serious problems. S/O models can help determine the policies, physical systems, and management strategies that can yield the best consequences. ‘Best’ is defined by the manager/modeler in terms of water availability, sustainability, crop production, economic, social, or environmental criteria, or combinations of those. Addressing multi-objective optimization problems and developing quantified tradeoff curves is simple with a powerful S/O model such as SOMOS. Examples demonstrate data needs and S/O model power for policy and plan development and system design and management.
Keimelimination und Konzentrationsbestimmungen unter Mezlocillin in der Galle bei Gallenwegsinfektionen (2008)

A transpapillary indwelling catheter was placed in 15 patients with choledocholithiasis and threatened occlusion by stone. Ten of the 15 patients had marked biliary stasis, four had signs of acute cholangitis. In all patients E. coli was present in the gall-bladder in a concentration of greater than or equal to 10(5)/ml when the catheter was first inserted. The bacteria were sensitive to mezlocillin, at a minimal inhibitor concentration between 1.5 and 16 micrograms/ml. All patients received mezlocillin, 5 g twice daily, in a short-term infusion. Immediately before and regularly thereafter bile samples were taken to measure antibiotic concentration and bacterial counts (by membrane filtration). Mezlocillin was excreted in the bile in very high concentrations in patients without biliary stasis. But while the concentrations were markedly lower in those with stasis, they were still 10 to 100 times the minimum inhibitory concentration of mezlocillin against the appropriate strains. In keeping with the high mezlocillin concentration, bacterial counts fell much more quickly in the patients without stasis than in those with alkaline phosphatase concentration above 250 U/l. These differences were even more marked after two or three days. Bacterial elimination from bile was complete in two of three patients with normal alkaline phosphatase activity, but in only one of five in whom it was elevated.
Inositol Hexakisphosphate Kinase 2 Mediates Growth Suppressive and Apoptotic Effects of Interferon-β in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells (2001)

Interferons (IFNs) regulate the expression of genes that mediate their antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory actions. We have previously shown that IFN-beta suppresses growth of human ovarian carcinoma xenografts in vivo and induces apoptosis of ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro. To investigate mechanisms of IFN-beta-induced apoptosis we employed an antisense technical knockout approach to identify gene products that mediate cell death and have isolated several regulators of interferon-induced death (RIDs). In this investigation, we have characterized one of the RIDs, RID-2. Sequence analysis revealed that RID-2 was identical to human inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 (IP6K2). IP6K2 is post-transcriptionally induced by IFN-beta in ovarian carcinoma cells. A mutant IP6K2 with substitutions in the putative inositol phosphate binding domain abrogates IFN-beta-induced apoptosis. These studies identify a novel function for IP6K2 in cell growth regulation and apoptosis.
Underlying Mechanism in the Improvement of HAZ Cracking Susceptibility by Rare Earth Metal Addition. Study on Weldability of Cast Alloy 718. Report 8. (2002)

The present work was undertaken to examine the mechanism in the improvement of HAZ cracking susceptibility of cast alloy 718 welds by addition of rare earth metals (La, Ce). The HAZ cracking susceptibility of La, Ce-added specimens have been discussed in terms of the intergranular liquation, microconstituents and impurity segregation at grain boundaries. The isothermal liquation test result suggested that, in the case of specimens with up to 0.3 mass% La and Ce, the reduced HAZ cracking susceptibility could be attributed to the decrease in intergranular liquation. The microscopic observation revealed that the cause of reduced intergranular liquation in La and Ce containing specimens was responsible for the reduction in the amount of laves cluster and sulfur segregation at grain boundaries due to grain-refining and sulfur-scavenging effects of La and Ce. Furthermore, the increased HAZ cracking susceptibility and grain boundary liquation at over 0.3 mass% La and Ce addition was due to the increase in low-melting point Ni7La2 and Ni2Ce present at grain boundaries.
The Symptoms (2001)

A 68-year-old HIV-positive man with a history of hypertension was found unresponsive at his residence. His long-standing hypertension had been complicated by a chronic thoracoabdominal aortic dissection that was being managed with a combination of verapamil and labetalol for the past year. The patient's last CD4 count was 380, and he had been started on four-drug antiretroviral therapy (ritonavir, indinavir, abacavir, and lamivudine in the past week. On arrival in the ED, the patient had a pulse of 20 beats per minute and no obtainable blood pressure. He received epinephrine and atropine, and was started on a continuous dopamine infusion without any improvement in his condition. Due to the patient's deteriorating hemodynamic and mental status, he was intubated. An ECG was obtained (Figure 1). What was the cause of the patient's condition, and what therapy should be initiated? See p. 27.Figure 1: Initial EKG
A New Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Membrane Dialyzer, NF, with Adsorptive and Antithrombotic Properties (2016)

Coagulation during hemodialysis occurs because proteins that are adsorbed to the PMMA membrane undergo structural changes and are recognized by platelets, which are then activated by adhesion to the membrane surface. In developing a new PMMA membrane dialyzer, NF, we intended to inhibit platelet adhesion to the membrane surface by suppressing the structural change in the proteins adsorbed on the membrane. In addition, we give examples of clinical trials of the NF in Japan and describe its advantages. Key Message: PMMA membrane dialyzers have been used for 40 years. The PMMA dialyzer NF can suppress the adhesion of platelets to the membrane while maintaining protein adsorption.
Dietary Intake and the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome (2008)

These prospective findings suggest that consumption of a Western dietary pattern, meat, and fried foods promotes the incidence of MetSyn, whereas dairy consumption provides some protection. The diet soda association was not hypothesized and deserves further study.
Walking control in water considering reaction forces from water for humanoid robots with a waterproof suit (2016)

In this paper, we develop a waterproof suit for humanoid robots and propose an underwater walking control method. Although very few life-sized humanoid robots are completely waterproof, we can easily make these humanoid robots watertight by putting a waterproof suit on them. In water, humanoid robots are influenced by the two forces due to the water: buoyancy and drag force. We take buoyancy into account when generating a walking pattern because the force is large and easy to estimate before walking. However, drag force is small and difficult to precisely predict and therefore, we treat the force as an unknown disturbance. In our method, we modify footsteps based on the Capture Point in order to deal with large disturbances. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods through an experiment in which a life-sized humanoid robot walks on a floor, stairs and debris in water.
Iron-catalysed, hydride-mediated reductive cross-coupling of vinyl halides and Grignard reagents (2011)

An iron-catalysed, hydride-mediated reductive cross-coupling reaction has been developed for the preparation of alkanes. Using a bench-stable iron(II) pre-catalyst, reductive cross-coupling of vinyl iodides, bromides and chlorides with aryl- and alkyl Grignard reagents successfully gave the products of formal sp3–sp3 cross-coupling reactions.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Genome-Wide CpG Island Profiling of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas (2023)

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Structural Insights into the Altering Function of CRMP2 by Phosphorylation (2018)

Collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) regulates neuronal polarity by controlling microtubule dynamics. CRMP2 activity is regulated by semaphorin-induced phosphorylation at the C-terminal tail domain. Unphosphorylated CRMP2 induces effective axonal microtubule formation to give the axonal characteristics to a neurite, whereas phosphorylated CRMP2 leads to the apparently opposite effect, growth cone collapse. We have recently characterized the structural detail of CRMP2-induced axonal microtubule formation (Niwa et al. (2017) Sci. Rep., 7: 10681). CRMP2 forms the hetero-trimer with GTP-tubulin to induce effective axonal microtubule formation in the future axon. Phosphorylation of CRMP2 has been reported to decrease the affinity between CRMP2 and the microtubule, albeit the molecular mechanisms of how the phosphorylation of CRMP2 changes the structure to achieve distinct effects from unphosphorylated CRMP2 is not well understood. Here we performed a series of biochemical and structural analyses of phospho-mimic CRMP2. Phosphorylation of CRMP2 undergoes small conformational changes at the C-terminal tail with shifting the surface charge, which not only alters the interactions within the CRMP2 tetramer but also alters the interactions with GTP-tubulin. Consequently, phospho-mimic CRMP2 fails to form a hetero-trimer with GTP-tubulin, thus losing the ability to establish and maintain the axonal microtubules.Key words: CRMP2, phosphorylation, microtubule, axon, crystal structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Isoprostanes: Chemistry and Biological Significance (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gas Leakage Detection and Smart Alerting and prediction using IoT (2017)

IoT is an expanding network of physical devices that are linked with different types of sensors and with the help of connectivity to the internet, they are able to exchange data. Through IoT, internet has now extended its roots to almost every possible thing present around us and is no more limited to our personal computers and mobile phones. Safety, the elementary concern of any project, has not been left untouched by IoT. Gas Leakages in open or closed areas can prove to be dangerous and lethal. The traditional Gas Leakage Detector Systems though have great precision, fail to acknowledge a few factors in the field of alerting the people about the leakage. Therefore we have used the IoT technology to make a Gas Leakage Detector having Smart Alerting techniques involving calling, sending text message and an e-mail to the concerned authority and an ability to predict hazardous situation so that people could be made aware in advance by performing data analytics on sensor readings.
Antidepressant-like Effect of Kaempferol and Quercitirin, Isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (2010)

Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. is widely cultivated in Jeju Island (South Korea) for use in manufacture of health foods. This study described antidepressant effect of two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. The expression of the hypothalamic POMC mRNA or plasma β-endorphin levels were increased by extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten or its flavoniods administered orally. In addition, antidepressant activity was studied using tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and rota-rod test in chronically restraint immobilization stress group in mice. After restraint stress (2 hrs/day for 14 days), animals were kept in cage for 14 days without any further stress, bet with drugs. Mice were fed with a diet supplemented for 14 days and during the behavioral test period with kaempferol or quercitrin (30 mg/kg/day). POMC mRNA or plasma β-endorphin level was increased by extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten and its flavoniods. In addition, immobility time in TST and FST was significantly reduced by kaempferol or quercitrin. In rota-rod test, the time of permanence was maintained to the semblance of control group in turning at 15 rpm. Our results suggest that two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. show a potent antidepressant effect.
Factors affecting satisfaction with treatment in European women with chronic constipation: An internet survey (2013)

In total, 4805/50,319 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria (female with chronic constipation). Of the laxative users (1575/4805), 57% (n = 896) were satisfied with their treatment, while 26% were neutral, and 17% dissatisfied. Dissatisfied respondents visited their GP less frequently in the past 12 months, were more likely to obtain over-the-counter laxatives, and took a dose higher than recommended more frequently than those satisfied. Respondents were most satisfied with ease of use of treatment and least satisfied with relief from bloating. Newer treatments aimed at alleviating symptoms, particularly bloating, are required for respondents neutral or dissatisfied with their current treatment.
PD-L1 expression, Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) subtype, and mutational load as independent predictors of response to atezolizumab (atezo) in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC; IMvigor210). (2016)

104 Background: Biomarkers of clinical benefit of immunotherapies, such as non-synonymous mutations, mutational load, PD-L1 IHC and immune signatures, have not been systematically evaluated in mUC patients (pts) treated with anti–PD-L1 agents. Methods: Exploratory analyses of immune and genetic predictors of response to atezo were performed on archival tumor specimens from mUC pts (NCT02108652 cohort 2). PD-L1 expression in tumor samples was assessed by IHC (SP142 assay) and associated with response as determined by RECIST v1.1 (central review). Gene expression was quantified by RNA-seq (Illumina TruSeq RNA Access; n = 195); molecular subtypes were assigned as per TCGA. Mutations were detected by genomic profiling (FoundationOne 315-cancer gene panel; n = 150) to estimate overall load. Results: PD-L1 tumor-infiltrating immune cell (IC) status was associated with CD8+ T effector (Teff) gene expression levels (P < 0.0001). Notably, response to atezo was associated with high expression of CXCL9 (P = 0.0057) and CXCL10 (P = 0.0079). Evaluable samples were classified into luminal (n = 73) and basal (n = 122) TCGA subtypes. PD-L1 IC prevalence was enriched in basal (60%) vs luminal (23%) samples (P < 0.0001); elevated tumor cell PD-L1 was mostly restricted to the basal subtype (39% basal vs 4% luminal, P < 0.0001) and did not correlate with ORR. Teff expression was elevated in luminal cluster II and basal III/IV and not in luminal I. Responses occurred in all subtypes, but ORR was significantly higher in luminal II samples: 34% (P = 0.0017). While median mutational load was significantly increased in responders (12.4/Mb) vs non-responders (6.4/Mb; P < 0.0001) and correlated with both PFS (P = 0.003) and OS (P = 0.014), these associations were independent of TCGA subtype. Conclusions: PD-L1 expression on IC was associated with response to atezo. Intrinsic TCGA subtype and mutational load each added predictive value. Simultaneous classification by these characteristics in mUC pts treated with atezo further defines the drivers of immune responsiveness and may suggest potential combination strategies. Clinical trial information: NCT02108652.
THE USE OF POLYMER DESIGN IN RESORBABLE COLLOIDS (2006)

▪ Abstract During the past decade, researchers in the field of polymer chemistry have developed a wide range of very powerful procedures for constructing ever-more-sophisticated polymers. These methods subsequently have been used in suitable systems to solve specific medical problems. This is complicated, and many key factors such as mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradation, stability, and degradation profile must be considered. Colloid particle systems can be used to solve many biomedical- and pharmaceutical-related problems, and it is expected that nanotechnology can be used to develop these materials, devices, and systems even further. For example, an injectible scaffold system with a defined release and degradation profile has huge potential for the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. This short, nonexhaustive review presents examples of polymer architecture in resorbable particles that have been compared and tested in biomedical applications. We also discuss the design of polymers for core-shell structures.
Numerical Optimization of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode-Electrolyte Interface Structure with Adjoint Method (2019)

In the present study, the numerical model is developed to optimize the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrode-electrolyte interface structure. The computational domain consists of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) cathode and Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (GDC) electrolyte regions. In the electrode region, electrode materials and pore phases are assumed to be homogeneously distributed. Adjoint method is applied for optimization, and the interface structure is transformed until the total amount of reaction current in the whole computational domain is maximized. It is found from the computational results that the cathode with optimized electrode-electrolyte interface structure has better electrochemical performance than the microstructure with flat electrode-electrolyte interface. In addition, the optimal structures are specified for different electrolyte conductivities and electrode microstructural parameters.
Static Analysis of Executables for Collaborative Malware Detection on Android (2009)

Smartphones are getting increasingly popular and several malwares appeared targeting these devices. General countermeasures to smartphone malwares are currently limited to signature-based antivirus scanners which efficiently detect known malwares, but they have serious shortcomings with new and unknown malwares creating a window of opportunity for attackers. As smartphones become host for sensitive data and applications, extended malware detection mechanisms are necessary complying with the corresponding resource constraints. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we perform static analysis on the executables to extract their function calls in Android environment using the command readelf. Function call lists are compared with malware executables for classifying them with PART, Prism and Nearest Neighbor Algorithms. Second, we present a collaborative malware detection approach to extend these results. Corresponding simulation results are presented.
A Genetic Screen for Maternal-Effect Suppressors of decapentaplegic Identifies the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A in Drosophila (2005)

The Dpp signaling pathway is essential for many developmental processes in Drosophila and its activity is tightly regulated. To identify additional regulators of Dpp signaling, we conducted a genetic screen for maternal-effect suppressors of dpp haplo-insufficiency. We screened approximately 7000 EMS-mutagenized genomes and isolated and mapped seven independent dominant suppressors of dpp, Su(dpp), which were recovered as second-site mutations that resulted in viable flies in trans-heterozygous with dpp(H46), a dpp null allele. Most of the Su(dpp) mutants exhibited increased cell numbers of the amnioserosa, a cell type specified by the Dpp pathway, suggesting that these mutations may augment Dpp signaling activity. Here we report the unexpected identification of one of the Su(dpp) mutations as an allele of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A). We show that Su(dpp)(YE9) maps to eIF4A and that this allele is associated with a substitution, arginine 321 to histidine, at a well-conserved amino acid and behaves genetically as a dominant-negative mutation. This result provides an intriguing link between a component of the translation machinery and Dpp signaling.
Navy Electroplating Pollution Control Technology Assessment Manual. (1984)

Abstract : The report provides information on more than 27 separate technologies encompassing conventional treatment, alternate treatment, material recovery techniques and processes and new plating bath formulations. In addition, the incorporation of a section on in-plant process changes enhances the usefulness of the product in that it highlights noncapital-intensive changes to current practices and/or processes that may have significant bearing on reducing overall chemical and water usage costs as well as consequent wastewater treatment needs and disposal costs. This document was prepared as a joint Air Force-Navy effort. It is intended to serve as a guide for technical personnel making decisions on an appropriate means of meeting effluent limits. The selection of any of the described technologies should be done only after a rigorous identification of site requirements has been performed. (Author)