gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-cost LoRaWAN testbed for IoT: Implementation and measurements (2018)

One of the challenges in deploying IoT applications is the cost of building and operating the communication infrastructure. This paper studies the feasibility of building a low-cost IoT network based on LoRa, a leading Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) technology, using off-the-shelf components and open source software. To this end, we describe our LoRa testbed, which includes gateways, end devices and a variety of sensors. We then present extensive measurement results to characterize the performance of our LoRa network over the 915 MHz unlicensed ISM band in both indoor and outdoor scenarios for various network setups. Our results show that even in a harsh propagation environment, e.g., when the gateway is located inside a concrete building, the low-cost network is able to achieve great coverage. Specifically, we observed that: i) the indoor coverage is sufficient to cover an entire seven-story office building with minimal packet drop, ii) the outdoor coverage is very dependent on the environment, where in our experiments, a communication range of 4.4 km was achieved with only 15% packet drop, iii) network parameters such as spreading factor and packet size greatly affect the coverage; for example, we observed that a payload size of 242 bytes leads to 90% packet drop versus less than 5% drop with a payload size of 1 byte.
Atomic-layer triangular WSe2sheets: synthesis and layer-dependent photoluminescence property (2013)

The exotic band structures and distinctive physical properties of two-dimensional materials have exhibited great potential for fundamental research and technical applications in spintronics, electronics, photonics, optoelectronics, and so forth. Facing the challenge of effective synthesis of WSe2 two-dimensional sheets, for the first time we demonstrate a straightforward catalyst-free vapor-solid (VS) growth method to synthesize ultrathin, even monolayer, WSe2 sheets with high yield, regular shapes and high quality optical properties on sapphire substrates. By detailed layer-number-dependent photoluminescence measurements at a low temperature of 40 K, we find the spin-orbit splitting at the K point of the WSe2 valence band with a fixed energy difference of 0.36 eV independent of layer number and the transition of indirect-to-direct gap when the thickness decreases to monolayer. These results, comparable to those of mechanically peeled WSe2 sheets, further prove the high optical and crystal quality of our WSe2 nanosheets via the VS growth approach. Our efforts may open up new exciting opportunities in future valley-based electronics, optoelectronics and photonics.
Ex‐situ Antimony Screen‐printed Carbon Electrode for Voltammetric Determination of Ni(II)‐ions in Wastewater (2015)

Abstract An Ex‐situ antimony film screen‐printed carbon electrode ( Ex‐situ SbSPCE) was successfully applied for the determination of Ni(II), by means of adsorptive stripping voltammetry using dimethylglyoxime as complexing agent, in a certified reference wastewater sample. This electrode is proposed as an alternative to more conventional antimony film electrodes. Ex‐situ SbSPCE was analytically characterized and the obtained parameters suggest that Ex‐situ SbSPCE behaves much better than both Ex‐situ BiSPCE and Bi sp SPE for Ni(II) determination. The results confirm the applicability of Ex‐situ SbSPCE for the determination of low concentration levels of Ni(II) in natural samples with a very high reproducibility and good trueness.
Interaction of calcium channel blockers with non-neuronal benzodiazepine binding sites. (1984)

The ability of calcium channel blockers to displace the binding of benzodiazepine ligands was investigated in rat heart, kidney, and brain. The dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers nifedipine and nitrendipine displaced the binding of the non-neuronal-site ligand [3H]Ro5-4864, but not that of the neuronal-site ligands [3H]flurazepam or [3H]clonazepam. The inhibition was competitive, with Ki values in the micromolar range. Other calcium channel blockers--i.e., verapamil and diltiazem--were inactive at both sites. Thus, non-neuronal benzodiazepines bind to a class of sites that also binds dihydropyridines. This implies a role for benzodiazepines in the mediation of calcium-dependent phenomena.
Combining supervised and unsupervised monitoring for fault detection in distributed computing systems (2006)

Fast and accurate fault detection is becoming an essential component of management software for mission critical systems. A good fault detector makes possible to initiate repair actions quickly, increasing the availability of the system. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First a new concept of supervised and unsupervised monitoring is proposed for system fault detection. We use a statistical method, canonical correlation analysis (CCA), to model the contextual dependencies between system inputs u and internal behavior x. By means of CCA, the space x is transformed into two subsets of variables, which are monitored in a supervised and unsupervised manner respectively. By doing so, our approach can reduce the false alarms resulting from unusual workload changes, and hence achieve high fault detection rate. Second, in order to test the performance of our approach, we simulate a variety of system faults in a real e-commerce application based on the multi-tiered J2EE architecture. Experimental results demonstrate that the CCA based approach can detect injected failures at their early stages when unusual phenomenon is very weak, and hence contribute to enormous time and cost savings in managing large scale distributed systems.
Le transistor MOS de puissance à tranchées : modélisation et limites de performances (1996)

Ce memoire traite de la modelisation et de l'evaluation des performances d'un nouveau composant de puissance, le transistor MOS a tranchees. Plus precisement, on presente tout d'abord l'evolution des structures MOS de puissance basse tension depuis les annees 70 jusqu'au transistor MOS a tranchees dont les principales proprietes sont enumerees. On realise ensuite une etude des mecanismes - analyse statique a l'etat passant et a l'etat bloque, analyse dynamique - intervenant dans les diverses zones du composant. Sur la base de cette etude, on etablit un modele de ce transistor pour le logiciel de simulation des circuits SPICE. Les procedures d'acquisition des parametres de ce modele sont precisees. Ce modele ainsi obtenu est ensuite valide sur deux familles de divers composants MOS de puissance industriels. Enfin, les limites de performances statiques et dynamiques des transistors VDMOS et MOS a tranchees sont etudiees et comparees. Il est principalement montre que, dans le domaine des basses tensions, le transistor MOS a tranchees affiche des performances superieures au transistor VDMOS en termes de resistance passante specifique et de densite d'integration. Les etudes analytiques et les simulations bidimensionnelles des deux types de composants montrent egalement que cette superiorite est appelee a s'accroitre dans les annees a venir.
Reducing elliptic curve logarithms to logarithms in a finite field (1993)

Elliptic curve cryptosystems have the potential to provide relatively small block size, high-security public key schemes that can be efficiently implemented. As with other known public key schemes, such as RSA and discrete exponentiation in a finite field, some care must be exercised when selecting the parameters involved, in this case the elliptic curve and the underlying field. Specific classes of curves that give little or no advantage over previously known schemes are discussed. The main result of the paper is to demonstrate the reduction of the elliptic curve logarithm problem to the logarithm problem in the multiplicative group of an extension of the underlying finite field. For the class of supersingular elliptic curves, the reduction takes probabilistic polynomial time, thus providing a probabilistic subexponential time algorithm for the former problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The notification based approach to implementing failure detectors in distributed systems (2006)

Failure Detector (FD) is the fundamental component of fault tolerant computer systems. In recent years, many research works have been done on the study of QoS and implementation of FDs for distributed computing environments. Almost all of these works are based on the heartbeat approach (HBFD). In this paper, we propose a general model for implementing FDs which separates the processes to be monitored from the underlying running environment. We identify the potential problems of HBFD approach and propose an alternative approach to implementing FDs, called notification based FD (NTFD). Instead of letting the process periodically send heartbeat messages to show it is still alive, in NTFD, the underlying watchdog mechanism sends failure notification messages only when the failure of a monitored process is detected locally. Compared with HBFD implementation under our model, NTFD is more efficient and scalable, and can guarantee the strong accuracy property. Trade-off of achieving QoS of FD is analyzed and the results show that NTFD has much higher probability to achieve a better balance between completeness and accuracy, yet provides a much lower probability of false report and lower system cost. Based on the analysis, we propose the design of a hybrid FD which combines the advantages of HBFD and NTFD.
A Remote Monitoring System of IDC Room Based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

This paper introduces an intelligent remote monitor system based on ZigBee sensor networks for IDC (Internet Data Center) room. The system consists of two parts: three types of ZigBee modules and the server module. The three types of ZigBee modules contain first-cluster node, second-cluster node and sensor end-node. The system can control remote IDC room based on the connection of the ZigBee protocols and traditional Internet networks. The data collected by the sensor end-nodes in the IDC room are transmitted through ZigBee networks to the server that can communicate with the remote monitor PC with Internet connection. The functions the system implements include data collection, analysis, management, storage, automatic alarm, display and control. By monitoring the IDC room unmanned, the proposed system reduces the energy consumption and the number of management staff, at the same time, provides reliable and robust monitoring, then control the equipments in real-time. Consequently, it ensures the safety and stable operation for the IDC room.
Three Dimensional FPGA Architecture with Fewer TSVs (2018)

Three-dimensional (3D) field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are expected to offer higher logic density as well as improved delay and power performance by utilizing 3D integrated circuit technology. However, because through-silicon-vias (TSVs) for conventional 3D FPGA interlayer connections have a large area overhead, there is an inherent tradeoff between connectivity and small size. To find a balance between cost and performance, and to explore 3D FPGAs with realistic 3D integration processes, we propose two types of 3D FPGA and construct design tool sets for architecture exploration. In previous research, we created a TSV-free 3D FPGA with a face-down integration method; however, this was limited to two layers. In this paper, we discuss the face-up stacking of several face-down stacked FPGAs. To minimize the number of TSVs, we placed TSVs peripheral to the FPGAs for 3D-FPGA with 4 layers. According to our results, a 2-layer 3D FPGA has reasonable performance when limiting the design to two layers, but a 4-layer 3D FPGA is a better choice when area is emphasized.
A 40 GHz integrated quasi optical slot HFET mixer (2002)

We present for the first time a quasi optical mixer realized as a resistive HFET mixer with an integrated slot antenna. The mixer circuit conversion loss, defined as the measured IF-power in the 50 ohm load divided by the RF-power available at the slot-antenna terminals, is approximately 7 dB at an LO-power of 10.5 dBm when the mixer is fundamentally pumped, and 16 dB for subharmonically pumping at 10 dBm LO-power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
New theory of nucleation (2008)

New distributions are obtained in classical statistical physics; these distributions explain some old experiments.
Disturbance prediction based active disturbance rejection control approach (2016)

Disturbance widely exists in control system. Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) has been proved to be an efficient way to deal with disturbance and achieves great success in practice. The most important part of ADRC is extended state observer (ESO), which estimates the states of system and total disturbance. ESO regards internal disturbance and external disturbance as a total disturbance, estimates it and eliminates it in the control. The faster ESO estimates total disturbance, the more quickly controller eliminates it. This paper focuses on the discrete linear extended state observer (DLESO), and presents discrete predictive linear extended state observer (DPLESO). Stability and performances are analyzed. Simulation result shows that DPLESO has better performances for disturbance rejection than DLESO.
Random lasing mode alterations by single-nanoparticle perturbations (2012)

We numerically demonstrate that alterations in random lasing modes can serve as a highly sensitive biosensing mechanism for single-nanoparticle quantitation. In our approach, subtle perturbations from a single nanoparticle can induce dramatic changes in multiple eigenmodes in disordered structures that can be detected by spectral variations of lasing emission peaks. Several resonance mode frequencies show relatively linear spectral responses to nanoscale perturbations, and each mode possess different levels of perturbation sensitivity. We also show that such behavior exists in both highly and loosely packed disordered media. We envision that the simplicity of such realization will facilitate the biosensor development using random lasers.
Metal–Organic Frameworks: Host Photoreactive Properties (2014)

Abstract This chapter describes the development of photochemical applications of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with a particular emphasis on the use of photochemical reactions leading to structural modifications of functional groups within the framework structure. It also describes how a building‐block methodology can be used to introduce photoactive components as part of the framework. The chapter will show how photoactive MOFs can be prepared, whose properties with respect to guest inclusion can be modified for use as sensors. Examples of MOFs that include groups that undergo chemical reactions on photoirradiation, leading to either new chemical species or isomerization reaction, are discussed and the effect of the framework on the stabilization of unusual, reactive species is described. The influence of framework structure on photochemical processes is also discussed focusing on intraframework and interframework guest energy transfer and how such processes can be used to induce unusual photochemical and chemical reactions.
Conversion continu-continu - Hacheurs (1990)

Enseignants Chercheurs de l’Équipe de Recherche Convertisseurs Statiques du LEEI (URA au CNRS) Les hacheurs sont des convertisseurs directs du type continu‐continu. Leur utilisation permet le contrôle de la puissance électrique dans des circuits fonctionnant en courant continu avec une très grande s
A New Approach to Discrete Logarithm Problem with Auxiliary Inputs. (2012)

Abstract. Embedding an element of a finite field into auxiliary groups such as elliptic curve groups or extension fields of finite fields has been useful tool for analysis of cryptographic problems such as establishing the equivalence between the discrete logarithm problem and Diffie-Hellman problem or solving the discrete logarithm problem with auxiliary inputs (DLPwAI). Actually, Cheon’s algorithm solving the DLPwAI can be regarded as a quantitative version of den Boer and Maurer. Recently, Kim showed in his dissertation that the generalization of Cheon’s algorithm using embedding technique including Satoh’s [19] is no faster than Pollard’s rho algorithm when d ∤ (p ± 1). In this paper, we propose a new approach to solve DLPwAI concentrating on the behavior of function mapping between the finite fields rather than using an embedding to auxiliary groups. This result shows the relation between the complexity of the algorithm and the number of absolutely irreducible factors of the substitution polynomials, hence enlightens the research on the substitution polynomials. More precisely, with a polynomial f(x) of degree d over Fp, the proposed algorithm shows the complexity
A 2400-gate RALU on SOS (1976)

Register and arithmetic logical units on SOS have been realized by n-channel silicon gate MOS/SOS technology. The circuits are composed of enhancement drivers and depletion load transistors to implement local storage and ALU with 2400 gates, and only a +5 V power supply and a single clock are required. The circuits performances are compared with those of bulk silicon circuits. Speed power improvement of about a factor of three over bulk silicon MOS is achieved by SOS in carry propagation circuits in the ALU. The improvement is explained by (a) the reduction of capacitance of SOS by a factor of 2.5, and (b) the reduction of delay time by a factor of 1.4 by the lack of substrate bias effect. The above results clearly suggest a promissing future of SOS random logic LSI.
Gab2 Is Involved in Differential Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling by Two Splice Forms of c-Kit (2008)

The stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit plays an important physiological role in hematopoiesis, melanogenesis, and gametogenesis. It has also been implicated in numerous human malignancies. Signal transduction pathways shown to be of importance for c-Kit-mediated transformation include the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. We have previously shown that two alternative splice forms of c-Kit, denoted GNNK(-) and GNNK(+), mediate distinctively different signals. In this study, we found that in the hematopoietic cell line Ba/F3, GNNK(-) c-Kit mediates a substantially stronger activation of PI3K/Akt than GNNK(+) c-Kit. This difference in signaling was shown to be dependent on the association of the scaffolding protein Gab2 with c-Kit, and Src-mediated phosphorylation of Gab2 was shown to be to be independent of the direct association of PI3K with c-Kit. Furthermore, proliferation and survival of Ba/F3 cells expressing a mutant of c-Kit that fails to bind to PI3K directly were slightly decreased compared with wild-type c-Kit-expressing cells. Using small interfering RNA technology, we further verified a role of Gab2 in inducing activation of PI3K/Akt downstream of c-Kit. To summarize, we show that PI3K activation by c-Kit is both splice form-dependent and cell type-specific. Furthermore, activation of PI3K by c-Kit is dependent both on the direct PI3K-binding site in c-Kit and on the phosphorylation of Gab2. The fact that c-Kit has been found mutated in numerous human malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, and that Gab2 is often overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia suggests a potential role of Gab2-mediated PI3K activation in transformation.
Inter-hairpin linker sequences determine the structure of the ββ-solenoid fold: a “bottom-up” study of pneumococcal LytA choline-binding module (2021)

The ββ-solenoid structures are part of many proteins involved in the recognition of bacterial cell wall. They are elongated polypeptides consisting of repeated β-hairpins connected by linker sequences and disposed around a superhelical axis stabilised by short-range interactions. Among the most studied ββ-solenoids are those belonging to the family of choline-binding modules (CBMs) from the respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and its bacteriophages, and their properties have been employed to develop several biotechnological and biomedical tools. We have carried out a theoretical, spectroscopic and thermodynamic study of the ββ-solenoid structure of the CBM from the pneumococcal LytA autolysin using peptides of increasing length containing 1-3 repeats of this structure. Our results show that hints of native-like tertiary structure are only observed with a minimum of three β-hairpins, corresponding to one turn of the solenoid superhelix, and identify the linker sequences between hairpins as the major directors of the solenoid folding. This study paves the way for the rational structural engineering of ββ-solenoids aimed to find novel applications.
Time-Course Analysis of Main Markers of Primary Infection in Cats with the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (2012)

Studies of the response of the immune system to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) during primary infection have shown that a subpopulation of CD8(+) T-cells with an activated phenotype and reduced expression of the CD8β chain (denoted CD8β(low) T cells) expands to reach up to 80% of the total CD8(+) T cell count. The expansion of this subpopulation is considered to be a signature of FIV and an indicator of immune system alteration. We use a simple mathematical formalism to study the relationships over time between the dose of infection, the size of the CD8β(low) population, and the circulating viral load in cats infected with FIV. Viremia profiles are described using a combination of two exponential laws, whereas the CD8β(low) percentage (out of the total CD8(+) population) is represented by a Gompertz law including an expansion phase and a saturation phase. Model parameters are estimated with a population approach using data from 102 experimentally infected cats. We examine the dose of infection as a potential covariate of parameters. We find that the rates of increase of viral load and of CD8β(low) percentage are both correlated with the dose of infection. Cats that develop strong acute viremia also show the largest degree of CD8β(low) expansion. The two simple models are robust tools for analysing the time course of CD8β(low) percentage and circulating viral load in FIV-infected cats and may be useful for generating new insights on the disease and on the design of therapeutic strategies, potentially applicable to HIV infection.
Nanolithographie mit Zukunft (1999)

Abstract Elektronische Bauelemente können heute mit Rasterkraftmikroskopen hergestellt werden. Die Methode ist nicht nur sehr einfach, sie zeichnet sich auch durch ‐ im Prinzip ‐ atomare Auflösung aus und könnte daher die herkömmlichen Verfahren zur Herstellung ultrakleiner Bauelemente einmal ablösen.
Three-Dimensional GPR Ray Tracing Based on Wavefront Expansion With Irregular Cells (2010)

A new ray-tracing method in 3-D heterogeneous isotropic media is proposed based on the bilinear travel-time interpolation and wavefront group marching method (GMM). In this method, an irregular cell discretization scheme is used to accurately describe arbitrarily undulant interfaces in a model. The ray tracing is carried out by forward–backward processing. In the forward step, the travel time in an irregular cell is expressed in terms of the bilinear interpolation of the known travel times on the cell's surfaces. Then, the wavefront is evolved from the source to the whole computational domain by using the newly developed travel-time solver and the fast wavefront expansion GMM. In the backward step, each ray path is traced from the receiver by finding the intersection points of potential ray propagation vectors with the surfaces of the relevant cells. The same travel-time solver is used to compute the candidate intersection points on all surfaces of each relevant cell, and the point with the minimum travel time is selected as a ray point from which the similar step is continued until the sources are found. Several numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate that the new algorithm is accurate, efficient, and robust.