gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene Polymorphism Is a Determinant of HDL Cholesterol and of the Lipoprotein Response to a Lipid-Lowering Diet in Type 1 Diabetes (1997)

The TaqIB cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism (B1B2) is a determinant of HDL cholesterol in nondiabetic populations. Remarkably, this gene effect appears to be modified by environmental factors. We evaluated the effect of this polymorphism on HDL cholesterol levels and on the lipoprotein response to a linoleic acid-enriched, low-cholesterol diet in patients with type 1 diabetes. In 44 consecutive type 1 diabetic patients (35 men), CETP polymorphism, apolipoprotein (apo) E genotype, serum lipoproteins, serum CETP activity (measured with an exogenous substrate assay, n = 30), clinical variables, and a diet history were documented. The 1-year response to diet was assessed in 14 type 1 diabetic patients, including 6 B1B1 and 6 B1B2 individuals. HDL cholesterol was higher in 10 B2B2 than in 14 B1B1 homozygotes (1.63 +/- 0.38 vs. 1.24 +/- 0.23 mmol/l, P < 0.01). HDL cholesterol, adjusted for triglycerides and smoking, was 0.19 mmol/l higher for each B2 allele present. CETP activity levels were not significantly different between CETP genotypes. Multiple regression analysis showed that VLDL + LDL cholesterol was associated with dietary polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acids ratio (P < 0.02) and total fat intake (P < 0.05) in the B1B1 homozygotes only and tended to be related to the presence of the apo E4 allele (P < 0.10). In response to diet, VLDL + LDL cholesterol fell (P < 0.05) and HDL cholesterol remained unchanged in 6 B1B1 homozygotes. In contrast, VLDL + LDL cholesterol was unaltered and HDL cholesterol decreased (P < 0.05) in 6 B1B2 heterozygotes (P < 0.05 for difference in change in VLDL + LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio). This difference in response was unrelated to the apo E genotype. Thus, the TaqIB CETP gene polymorphism is a strong determinant of HDL cholesterol in type 1 diabetes. This gene effect is unlikely to be explained by a major influence on the serum level of CETP activity, as an indirect measure of CETP mass. Our preliminary data suggest that this polymorphism may be a marker of the lipoprotein response to dietary intervention.
Lösliche plazentare Signale regulieren über den Chemokinrezeptor 1 und 3 die schnelle und gerichtete Migration Trophoblaststammzell-ähnlicher Populationen an gestressten Plazentaarealen (2014)

Fragestellung: Humane Trophoblaststammzell-ähnliche Populationen sind in der Lage in Plazentazotten (Explantate) hinein zu migrieren. Insbesondere die Schicht der Synzytiotrophoblasten scheint unter dem Prozess der Explantierung zu leiden. Interessanterweise ummanteln die Trophoblaststammzell-ähnlichen Zellen diese Schicht. Die dafür verantwortlichen (Chemo-)Lockstoffe wurden bisher nicht identifiziert.
QoE-Aware Resource Allocation for Crowdsourced Live Streaming: A Machine Learning Approach (2022)

Driven by the tremendous technological advancement of personal devices and the prevalence of wireless mobile network accesses, the world has witnessed an explosion in crowdsourced live streaming. Ensuring a better viewers quality of experience (QoE) is the key to maximize the audiences number and increase streaming providers' profits. This can be achieved by advocating a geo-distributed cloud infrastructure to allocate the multimedia resources as close as possible to viewers, in order to minimize the access delay and video stalls. Moreover, allocating the exact needed resources beforehand avoids over-provisioning, which may lead to significant costs by the service providers. In the contrary, under-provisioning might cause significant delays to the viewers. In this paper, we introduce a prediction driven resource allocation framework, to maximize the QoE of viewers and minimize the resource allocation cost. First, by exploiting the viewers locations available in our unique dataset, we implement a machine learning model to predict the viewers number near each geo-distributed cloud site. Second, based on the predicted results that showed to be close to the actual values, we formulate an optimization problem to proactively allocate resources at the viewers proximity. Additionally, we will present a trade-off between the video access delay and the cost of resource allocation. 2019 IEEE.
Conservation of PDX-1 Structure, Function, and Expression in Zebrafish* (1998)

Development of the mammalian pancreas has been studied extensively in mice. The stages from budding of the pancreatic anlaga through endocrine and exocrine cell differentiation and islet formation have been described in detail. Recently, the homeodomain transcription factor PDX-1 has been identified as an important factor in the proliferation and differentiation of the pancreatic buds to form a mature pancreas. To evaluate the possibility of using zebrafish as a model for the genetic analysis of pancreas development, we have cloned and characterized PDX-1 from this organism. The deduced sequence of zebrafish PDX-1 contains 246 amino acids and is 95% identical to mammalian PDX-1 in the homeodomain. We also cloned zebrafish preproinsulin complementary DNA as a marker for islet tissue. By in situ hybridization we demonstrate that PDX-1 and insulin are coexpressed during embryonic development and in adults, although PDX-1 expression appears to be biphasic. Insulin expression apparently begins before 44 hpf, the earliest stage examined in this study. Additionally, very high levels of PDX-1 expression were observed in the pyloric caeca, the accessory digestive organs that also are derived from the proximal region of the intestine in teleosts. Finally, our data show that the evolutionary conservation of zebrafish PDX-1 extends to its DNA binding properties. Zebrafish PDX-1 was equally as effective as mouse PDX-1 in stimulating insulin gene transcription, and maximum promoter activation was dependent on the presence of four intact A elements. The demonstration of this capability suggests that transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that control pancreatic development and insulin gene expression have been conserved among vertebrates.
Topographically induced direct cell mechanotransduction (2005)

This review is designed to introduce the cytoskeleton and then discuss how mechanical forces may be transduced to the cell nucleus. In addition to this, it also tries to explain current thinking as to how the nucleus turns these mechanical cues into gene changes and is especially interested in mechanotransduction arising from topographically induced morphological changes, specifically nanotopography. Thus, this review also describes cell responses to topography.
Radiative and nonradiative processes ofFandF′centers in NaBr and NaI (1981)

The Dexter et al. criterion for the occurrence of luminescence in deep centers predicts for $F$ centers in NaBr and NaI a strong quenching of the luminescence due to a crossover process between the excited-state- and ground-state-configuration coordinate curves, implying that most optical absorptions do not lead to the relaxed excited state. We have studied the optical absorption, conversion, and emission properties of pure (dilute and concentrated) $F$-center systems in zone-refined NaBr and NaI with the following results: An infrared emission of double spectral structure is present in both systems, but has very low quantum efficiency (0.01). A detailed study of the electronic kinetics shows that in the optical excitation cycle all electrons reach the relaxed excited state, from which they can be ionized (thermally or by tunneling) to form ${F}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ centers with full efficiency. Therefore, while the above criterion predicts the existence of nonradiative processes properly, the mechanism of crossover reactions is not confirmed, and a nonradiative rate process from the relaxed excited state is strongly suggested. The role of the luminescence due to electron recapture by ionized $F$ centers has been examined, and it is proposed that the second observed luminescence is due to a radiative recapture process from a higher state.
Analysis of Biomarkers of DNA Damage and Mutagenicity in Mice Exposed to Acrylonitrile (2020)

Acrylonitrile (ACN), which is a widely used industrial chemical, induces cancers in the mouse via unresolved mechanisms. For this report, complementary and previously described methods were used to assess in vivo genotoxicity and/or mutagenicity of ACN in several mouse models, including (i) female mice devoid of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), which yields the epoxide intermediate cyanoethylene oxide (CEO), (ii) male <i>lacZ</i> transgenic mice, and (iii) female (wild-type) B6C3F1 mice. Exposures of wild-type mice and CYP2E1-null mice to ACN at 0, 2.5 (wild-type mice only), 10, 20, or 60 (CYP2E1-null mice only) mg/kg body weight by gavage for 6 weeks (5 days/week) produced no elevations in the frequencies of micronucleated erythrocytes, but induced significant dose-dependent increases in DNA damage, detected by the alkaline (pH >13) Comet assay, in one target tissue (forestomach) and one nontarget tissue (liver) of wild-type mice only. ACN exposures by gavage also caused significant dose-related elevations in the frequencies of mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (<i>Hprt</i>) reporter gene of T-lymphocytes from spleens of wild-type mice; however, <i>Hprt</i> mutant frequencies were significantly increased in CYP2E1-null mice only at a high dose of ACN (60 mg/kg) that is lethal to wild-type mice. Similarly, drinking water exposures of <i>lacZ</i> transgenic mice to 0, 100, 500, or 750 ppm ACN for 4 weeks caused significant dose-dependent elevations in <i>Hprt</i> mutant frequencies in splenic T-cells; however, these ACN exposures did not increase the frequency of <i>lacZ</i> transgene mutations above spontaneous background levels in several tissues from the same animals. Together, the Comet assay and <i>Hprt</i> mutant frequency data from these studies indicate that oxidative metabolism of ACN by CYP2E1 to CEO is central to the induction of the majority of DNA damage and mutations in ACN-exposed mice, but ACN itself also may contribute to the carcinogenic modes of action via mechanisms involving direct and/or indirect DNA reactivity.
FS4, FS4-p, and FSP (2014)

In summary, FS4 and FS4-p offer new and further options in audio processor fitting, with similar levels of speech understanding in noise as FSP. This is an interesting result, given that the strategies' presentation of temporal fine structure differs from FSP. At the end of the study, 20 of 33 subjects chose either FS4 or FS4-p over their previous default strategy FSP.
Monitoring the dynamic web to respond to continuous queries (2003)

Continuous queries are queries for which responses given to users must be continuously updated, as the sources of interest get updated. Such queries occur, for instance, during on-line decision making, e.g., traffic flow control, weather monitoring, etc. The problem of keeping the responses current reduces to the problem of deciding how often to visit a source to determine if and how it has been modified so that a user response can be updated accordingly. On the surface, this seems to be similar to the crawling problem since crawlers attempt to keep indexes up-to-date as users pose search queries. We show that this is not the case, both due to the inherent differences between the nature of the two problems as well as the performance metric. We also develop and evaluate a multiphase solution to the problem. Some of the important phases are: The monitoring phase, in which changes, to an initially identified set of relevant pages, are tracked. From the observed change characteristics of these pages, a probabilistic model of their change behaviour is formulated and weights are assigned to pages to denote their importance for the current queries. During the next phase, the Resource Allocation phase, based on these statistics, resources, needed to continuously probe these pages for changes, are allocated. Given these resource allocations, the scheduling phase produces an optimal achievable schedule for the probings. An experimental evaluation of our approach compared to prior approaches for crawling dynamic web pages leads to some interesting observations pertaining to the differences between the two problem of crawling—to build an index—and the problem of change tracking— to respond to continuous queries. 1.
Moving to a Solid‐State Configuration: A Valid Approach to Making Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries Viable for Practical Applications (2010)

Car charger: This work describes two types of solid-state lithium/sulfur batteries, one prepared in the fully charged state and the other in the fully discharged state. The batteries are tested in terms of capacity delivery and cycling life. The results show that both types have performances that make them potentially suitable as power sources for electric vehicles.
Detergency Stability and Particle Characterization of Phosphate-Free Spray Dried Detergent Powders Incorporated with Palm C16 Methyl Ester Sulfonate (C16MES) (2014)

Phosphate-free spray dried detergent powders (SDDP) comprising binary anionic surfactants of palm C16 methyl ester sulfonate (C16MES) and linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid (LABSA) were produced using a 5 kg/h-capacity co-current pilot spray dryer (CSD). Six phosphate-free detergent (PFD) formulations comprising C16MES/LABSA in various ratios under pH 7-8 were studied. Three PFD formulations having C16MES/LABSA in respective ratios of 0:100 (control), 20:80 and 40:60 ratios were selected for further evaluation based on their optimum detergent slurry concentrations. The resulting SDDP from these formulations were analysed for its detergency stability (over nine months of storage period) and particle characteristics. C16MES/LABSA of 40:60 ratio was selected as the ideal PFD formulation since its resulting SDDP has consistent detergency stability (variation of 2.3% in detergency/active over nine months storage period), excellent bulk density (0.37 kg/L), fine particle size at 50% cumulative volume percentage (D50 of 60.48 μm), high coefficient of particle size uniformity (D60/D10 of 3.86) and large spread of equivalent particle diameters. In terms of surface morphology, the SDDP of the ideal formulation were found to have regular hollow particles with smooth spherical surfaces. Although SDDP of the ideal formulation have excellent characteristics, but in terms of flowability, these powders were classified as slightly less free flowing (Hausner ratio of 1.27 and Carr's index of 21.3).
Variable true time delay realized with acousto-optics and liquid crystal spatial light modulator (2005)

Optical heterodyne acousto-optic delay line applying frequency dependent phase shift provided by liquid crystal spatial light modulator is presented. We experimentally demonstrate continuously variable true time delay of 1 /spl mu/s long microwave pulses between /spl plusmn/300 ns.
COMPARISON OF ACTIONS OF PAPAVERINE, ASPAMINOL AND ISOPRENALINE ON ISOLATED RAT UTERUS (1974)

Inhibitory responses of the isolated rat uterus to papaverine, Aspaminol and isoprenaline were potentiated by aminophylline that inhibits phosphodiesterase. The inhibitory responses to papaverine and isoprenaline were decreased by imidazole that stimulates phosphodiesterase activity, while the inhibitory response to Aspaminol was little influenced by imidazole. Papaverine strongly inhibited phosphodiesterase from the rat uterus, but Aspaminol did not influence phosphodiesterase activity. These results indicate that papaverine and isoprenaline are mediated through an increase of the intracellular level of cyclic AMP and also indicate that the inhibitory response of the rat uterus to Aspaminol is not concerned with the amount of intracellular cyclic AMP increased by inhibiting phosphodiesterase. Further, the results support the theory that there are two mechanisms for the so-called papaverine-like antispasmodics.
The theory of superqubits - supersymmetric qubits (2012)

Superqubits are the minimal supersymmetric extension of qubits. In this paper we investigate in detail their unusual properties with emphasis on their potential role in (super)quantum information theory and foundations of quantum mechanics. We propose a partial solution to the problem of negative transition probabilities that appear in the theory and has been previously reported elsewhere. The modification does not affect the performance of supersymmetric entangled states in the CHSH game - superqubits provide resources more nonlocal than it is allowed by ordinary quantum mechanics.
Zirconium-doped lithium niobate: photorefractive and electro-optical properties as a function of dopant concentration (2011)

Measurements of refractive indices, electro-optic coefficients and photorefractivity are performed for a set of Zirconium-doped congruent lithium niobate (Zr:LN) crystals as functions of the dopant concentration in the range 0.0-3.0 mol%. The photorefractive properties are studied by measuring the green-light induced birefringence change and by direct observation of the transmitted-beam distortion. The index of refraction data show that the threshold concentration, above which there is a change in the Zr incorporation mechanism, is about 2.0 mol%, but photorefractivity results suggest that the concentration of ZrO2 required to strongly reduce the photorefractive effect is somewhat larger than the 2.0 mol% "threshold" concentration derived from index-of-refraction data. The electro-optic coefficients are little influenced by Zr-doping. All the reported results confirm that Zr:LN is a very promising candidate for the realization of efficient electro-optic and all-optical nonlinear devices working at room temperature. © 2011 Optical Society of America.
Weighted straight skeletons in the plane (2014)

We investigate weighted straight skeletons from a geometric, graph-theoretical, and combinatorial point of view. We start with a thorough definition and shed light on some ambiguity issues in the procedural definition. We investigate the geometry, combinatorics, and topology of faces and the roof model, and we discuss in which cases a weighted straight skeleton is connected. Finally, we show that the weighted straight skeleton of even a simple polygon may be non-planar and may contain cycles, and we discuss under which restrictions on the weights and/or the input polygon the weighted straight skeleton still behaves similar to its unweighted counterpart. In particular, we obtain a non-procedural description and a linear-time construction algorithm for the straight skeleton of strictly convex polygons with arbitrary weights.
Linear, electronically tunable resistor (1992)

A technique for converting a MOSFET into a highly linear, electronically tunable resistor is described. The key to the linearisation achieved is the application of voltages across the gate and across the body, in such a way that the gate-channel and body-channel potentials remain constant all along the channel. Measurements show distortion levels of less than −75 dB for signal amplitudes of 6 V peak to peak.
Role of oxidative DNA damage in cancer initiation and promotion. (1998)

Normal aerobic metabolism produces huge amounts of potentially dangerous oxidants, controlled by a variety of antioxidant systems. An imbalance between the generated and exogenously inflicted oxidants and the oxidant system is termed oxidative stress. Even without oxidative stress, i.e. under normal physiological conditions, the damage to vital cellular micromolecules, such as DNA, is extensive, amounting to hundreds of hits per cell per day. More than one hundred different oxidative modifications in DNA have been described. The hydroxylation of guanine in the 8-position is the most frequent and most mutagenic lesion described. The 8-hydroxylation of guanine leads to lack of base pairing specifically and misreading of the modified base and adjacent residues. The modifications to DNA are so frequent that extensive and specific repair is needed for survival. Indeed, multiple repair enzyme systems to mediate and remove/repair oxidative DNA modification are described. Within DNA, hot-spots of oxidative modification and subsequent mutation have been described, and some specificity appears as compared to other agents that can lead to modification of DNA, i.e. aflatoxin and benzo[a]pyrene. Numerous publications from epidemiology and intervention studies with antioxidants point at oxidative modification as an important factor in cancer development at certain sites. Yet, direct evidence linking oxidative DNA modification to cancer has not been published. With regard to antoxidant prevention of cancer no effective single substance has so far been identified.
Host Factors That Control Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Implications for Regulation of Mammalian Retroviruses (2007)

Retroviruses comprise a distinct group of enveloped RNA viruses that replicate by reverse transcribing their RNA genomes to form a DNA copy within a viral core particle. The DNA copy, or cDNA, is then integrated into the host genome. The integrated proviral DNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase II (
Capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves exert complex regulatory functions in the serum-transfer mouse model of autoimmune arthritis (2014)

Although capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves mediate mechanical hyperalgesia in the later phase of autoantibody-induced chronic arthritis, they play important anti-inflammatory roles at least partially through somatostatin release.
7.6 A High-Speed Back-Illuminated Stacked CMOS Image Sensor with Column-Parallel kT/C-Cancelling S&H and Delta-Sigma ADC (2021)

In recent years, there has been growing demand for high-resolution and large-format CMOS image sensors in Digital Still Camera, Security, and Factory Automation uses. In addition, new uses such as airborne mapping [1] are now being reported. Focusing on the camera market, there is currently demand for simultaneously realizing high image quality, high frame rate, and low power consumption, all within a larger-than-APS-C format. For most cases, the single-slope ADC (SS ADC) [2] architecture is used in commercialized CMOS image sensors. In order to accelerate frame rate, the counting-clock frequency can be increased up to 2.376GHz as demonstrated in [3], but maintaining clock waveform quality without increasing power is a major challenge for low-power operation. Adaptive gain operation using a dual gain amplifier is reported in [4], but SS ADCs based on adaptive gain operation still have frame rate issues from increasing bit resolution, e.g., to 14b.