gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactions of Disilane on Cu(111): Direct Observation of Competitive Dissociation, Disproportionation, and Thin Film Growth Processes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Disilane on Cu(111): Direct Observation of Competitive Dissociation, Disproportionation, and Thin Film Growth ProcessesShrikant P. Lohokare, Benjamin C. Wiegand, and Ralph G. NuzzoCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 3902–3912Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a047https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Method for Annual Maximum Runoff Forecast Based on Wavelet Analysis (2006)

Runoff series can be regarded as a linear overlapping of different components.In this paper,the perfect localized time and frequency analysis capacity of wavelet transform is made use to separate the items of tendency,period,and random through decomposition of annual maximum runoff series.Sub-series represents different scale of time to reflect the influences of different physical factors on runoff process.Power function,periodical function,and ARMA model are established according to the characteristics of sub-series.The calculated results of sub-series are added to forecast the annual maximum runoff series.Through forecast of annual maximum runoff 1991～2002 in Yichang Station,the results show that the method is practical and feasible;wavelet package transform is superior to wavelet transform for analysis of information of high and middle frequency.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (BMMSCs) Augment Osteointegration of Dental Implants in Type 1 Diabetic Rabbits: An X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation (2020)

<i>Background and objectives</i>: The study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) on implant-bone osseointegration in type I diabetic New Zealand rabbits. <i>Materials and methods:</i> BMMSCs harvested from healthy rabbits were processed and validated for purity and osteocyte differentiability. Mandibular incisors of diabetic and control rabbits were carefully extracted, and the sockets were plugged with collagen sponges. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) containing osteoinductive BMMSCs, and plain PRP were injected into the collagen sponge of the right and left sockets respectively. Dental implants of 2.6 mm diameter and 10 mm length were inserted into the collagen sponge of both sockets. All the animals were sacrificed six weeks post surgery to evaluate an early stage of osseointegration; the mandibles scanned by X-ray microcomputed tomography (μCT) and subjected to 3D analysis. The μCT parameters of the right implant were paired against that of the left side of each animal and analyzed by paired T-test. <i>Results:</i> The preclinical evaluation of the viability and osteocyte differentiation of the BMMSCs were consistent between both the donor samples. The osseointegration of dental implants with stem cell therapy (BMMSCs + PRP + collagen) in normal and diabetic rabbits was significantly higher than that of implants with adjunctive PRP + collagen only (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Conclusion:</i> Stem Cell therapy with osteoinductive BMMSCs and PRP can offer a novel approach to enhance the osseointegration of dental implants in uncontrolled diabetic patients.
Analysis of thigh cross-sectional proportion using the portable ultrasound imaging system (2016)

To evaluate capacity of the elderly body and the extremities, we developed a measurement system for thigh cross-sectional image. The cross-sectional images were suitable for observing muscle volume. Some previous studies estimated muscular strength based on muscle volume measured the medical images. However there were no studies that used information regarding proportion in human extremities, e. g. muscles, subcutaneous fat and a bone. In this case, the measurements provide the same results even if the proportion is different among two people. We have investigated changes of thigh proportion by age and gender using the cross-sectional ultrasound images. In the survey, 150 ultrasound echo images and the body measurements (height, weight, and so on) were used. We conducted t-test between two groups that have different age, and discussed the causes of their differences. The statistical analysis revealed that the proportion of human thigh was dramatically changed with aging; the shape of thigh outline was deformed and the position of the thigh bone in the cross-sectional image was moved. We considered that the decreasing of the tissue elasticity with aging is responsible for these changes. The proportion analysis can be expected to be a new approach for developing a novel evaluation technique of the elderly body and extremity ability.
Foreign weather data servicing at NCDC (1995)

Part of the mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is to develop and maintain environmental data bases and to disseminate this information to users. The NOAA`s National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) is responsible for the archiving and dissemination of climatological information on both national and global scales. The NCDC works with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the International Council of Scientific Unions, and other world data centers to obtain and exchange information and data. The primary digital data source for foreign surface weather data is the US Air Force`s DATSAV2 surface data base. Several publications and CD-ROM products are available that contain global data. This paper describes these sources and products and provides information on how to obtain them.
Equivalence, query-reachability and satisfiability in Datalog extensions (1993)

We consider the problems of equivalence, satisfiability and query-reachability for datalog programs with negation and dense-order constraints. These problems are important for optimizing datalog programs. We show that both query-reachability and satisfiability are decidable for programs with stratified negation provided that negation is applied only to EDB predicates or that all EDB predicates are unary. In the latter case, we show that equivalence is also decidable. The algorithms we present are also used to push constraints from a given query to the EDB predicates. Finally, we show that satisfiability is undecidable for datalog programs with unary IDB predicates, stratified negation and the interpreted predicate ≠
Effect of the Manganese Valence State on the Electrical Conductivity of Barium Titanate (1993)

The effect of defect structure on electrical conductivity for Mn‐doped BaTiO 3 at high temperatures was studied experimentally and theoretically. The measured conductivity was proportional to P o2 −1/4 in the n ‐type region, and to P o2 +1/6 in the p ‐type region in the temperature range between 900° and 1000°C. The results agree with calculations on the basis of the equilibrium equation for the valence change of Mn ions between tetravalent and trivalent. In the p ‐type region, the concentration of trivalent Mn ions decreases with P o2 −1/6 .
Tunable multiple plasmon resonance wavelengths response from multicomponent polymer-metal nanocomposite systems (2004)

A method of vapor phase codeposition has been used at elevated target temperature coupled with selective masking technique to produce a multicomponent optical material with seven different ultraviolet-visible optical active planes. Such a system consists of different nanocomposites of Teflon AF/Ag, Teflon AF/Au, and Teflon AF/Cu with sharp interfaces. The fabricated system has regions of single nanocomposite plane together with multilayer structures facilitating tunable multiple particle plasmon resonance wavelength response from a single system. Distinct double and triple plasmon wavelength resonance absorptions could be obtained from such interfaces forming multilayers of either two or three nanocomposite structures.
Reverberation characterization inside an anechoic test chamber at the weapon sonar test facility at Naval Undersea Warfare Center Keyport Division (2016)

The Weapon Sonar Test Facility (WSTF) at NUWC Keyport, WA, is a 34 500 gallon pressure tank currently used for test and evaluation of torpedo sonar arrays. The tank has many more possible uses and complete characterization of the testing environment needs to be performed. One of the methods of characterization being used is the determination of the reverberation time of the anechoic chamber. Applying Sabine-Franklin-Jaeger theory of reverberant rooms, an experimentally determined reverberation time T60 for a “live room” can be used to provide an upper bound for the reverberation time in the chamber. Utilizing the Eyring theory of “dead” rooms will provide a better determination of T60 for the anechoic chamber, hence provide a lower bound characterization. The experimental method involves determining the spatially averaged acoustic energy of an initial tone and the corresponding reflection from the chamber wall seen in a recorded signal. These values determined from the root mean square signal voltage determine the wave decay time, τ. The decay time is directly related to the reverberation time through T60 = 6τ×loge10. The reverberation was determined to be within an acceptable tolerance for testing and evaluation.
Prospects for simulating macromolecular surfactant chemistry at the ocean–atmosphere boundary (2014)

Biogenic lipids and polymers are surveyed for their ability to adsorb at the water–air interfaces associated with bubbles, marine microlayers and particles in the overlying boundary layer. Representative ocean biogeochemical regimes are defined in order to estimate local concentrations for the major macromolecular classes. Surfactant equilibria and maximum excess are then derived based on a network of model compounds. Relative local coverage and upward mass transport follow directly, and specific chemical structures can be placed into regional rank order. Lipids and denatured protein-like polymers dominate at the selected locations. The assigned monolayer phase states are variable, whether assessed along bubbles or at the atmospheric spray droplet perimeter. Since oceanic film compositions prove to be irregular, effects on gas and organic transfer are expected to exhibit geographic dependence as well. Moreover, the core arguments extend across the sea–air interface into aerosol–cloud systems. Fundamental nascent chemical properties including mass to carbon ratio and density depend strongly on the geochemical state of source waters. High surface pressures may suppress the Kelvin effect, and marine organic hygroscopicities are almost entirely unconstrained. While bubble adsorption provides a well-known means for transporting lipidic or proteinaceous material into sea spray, the same cannot be said of polysaccharides. Carbohydrates tend to be strongly hydrophilic so that their excess carbon mass is low despite stacked polymeric geometries. Since sugars are abundant in the marine aerosol, gel-based mechanisms may be required to achieve uplift. Uncertainties distill to a global scale dearth of information regarding two dimensional kinetics and equilibria. Nonetheless simulations are recommended, to initiate the process of systems level quantification.
Abstraction and Counterexample-Guided Refinement in Model Checking of Hybrid Systems (2003)

Hybrid dynamic systems include both continuous and discrete state variables. Properties of hybrid systems, which have an infinite state space, can often be verified using ordinary model checking together with a finite-state abstraction. Model checking can be inconclusive, however, in which case the abstraction must be refined. This paper presents a new procedure to perform this refinement operation for abstractions of hybrid systems. Following an approach originally developed for finite-state systems [11, 25], the refinement procedure constructs a new abstraction that eliminates a counterexample generated by the model checker. For hybrid systems, analysis of the counterexample requires the computation of sets of reachable states in the continuous state space. We show how such reachability computations with varying degrees of complexity can be used to refine hybrid system abstractions efficiently. Examples illustrate our counterexample-guided refinement procedure. Experimental results for a prototype implementation indicate significant advantages over existing methods.
Measurement of thickness or plate velocity using ambient vibrations (2010)

Assuming the Green's function is linear with respect to the boundary conditions, it is demonstrated that flexural waves detected by a point receiver and a circular array of point receivers centered on the previous receiver are proportional regardless location of the source and geometry of the plate. Therefore determination of plate velocity or thickness is done from the measurement of ambient vibrations without using any emitter. Experimental results obtained with a plate of non regular geometry excited with a single transducer or a remote loudspeaker are shown to verify the theoretical approach.
Exercise mitigates diclofenac‐induced liver mitochondrial dysfunction (2014)

Both chronic physical exercise models augmented the resistance to in vitro diclofenac-induced mitochondrial alterations, including increased MPTP susceptibility, possibly by modulating oxidative stress and MPTP regulators.
Automated Analysis of Security APIs (2005)

Attacks on security systems within the past decade have revealed that security Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) expose a large and real attack surface but remain to be a relatively unexplored problem. In 2000, Bond et al. discovered APIchaining and type-confusion attacks on hardware security modules used in large banking systems. While these first attacks were found through human inspection of the API specifications, we take the approach of modeling these APIs formally and using an automated-reasoning tool to discover attacks. In particular, we discuss the techniques we used to model the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) vl.2 API and how we used OTTER, a theorem-prover, and ALLOY, a model-finder, to find both APIchaining attacks and to manage API complexity. Using ALLOY, we also developed techniques to capture attacks that weaken, but not fully compromise, a system&amp;apos;s security. Finally, we demonstrate a number of real and &amp;amp;quot;near-miss &amp;amp;quot; vulnerabilities that were discovered against the TPM.
Decoupling solid and hydraulic retention times in microalgal biofilm reactors treating primary wastewater: performance and biodiesel potential (2023)

Abstract BACKGROUND Microalgal biofilm systems are a promising approach for wastewater treatment and for production of biodiesel precursors through simple biomass harvesting. However, the low concentration of nutrients in wastewater limits possible approaches for microalgal growth. The effective decoupling of the solid retention time (SRT) and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) in biofilm reactors as an alternative for increasing microalgae growth and biodiesel performance in low‐strength wastewater has not been investigated. In this study, we tracked how decoupling the SRT and the HRT influences the removal of organics and nutrients, the biomass productivity and the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). RESULTS Three perturbations of the HRT, SRT and liquid level (LL) with regards to the base case condition (HRT 2.6 h; SRT 21 days, LL 5 mm) performance were analyzed. The base case showed the highest TN and TP removal (&gt;50%) outcomes with high pH values (&gt;10). A decrease of HRT and SRT from 2.6 to 1.3 h and 21 to 10 days, respectively, promoted an increment of microalgal productivity ≤5.8 ± 0.7 g m −2 day −1 . A short HRT of 1.3 h enhanced the nitrogen removal rate up to 1.2 g N m −2 day −1 , which triggered an increase in the FAME productivity and microalgal density on the biofilms without affecting their productivity. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the strategy of decoupling HRT and SRT allows operation at shorter HRTs, promoting microalgal growth without affecting FAME production in low‐strength municipal wastewater. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Deuterium–protium fractionation in solutions of methoxide ion in mixtures of methanol and dimethyl sulphoxide (1982)

The fractionation factor of the methoxide ion (ϕOMe)has been determined in mixtures of methanol and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). By using 1H n.m.r. data of very high precision it has been possible to use solutions of three different atom fractions of deuterium making the usual assumption about the chemical shift of the counterion (Na+) unnecessary. ϕOMe has been found to decrease from 0.74 (MeOH) to 0.38 (75 mol % DMSO). The variation of ϕOMe is discussed in terms of increasing symmetry in the hydrogen bonds to the methoxide ion as the desolvation of the methoxide ion proceeds.
Biomassa tot waarde brengen (2005)

Biodiesel, ethanol, plastics en heilzame stoffen. Wageningse onderzoekers brengen biomassa tot waarde voor de biobased economy
Olefin Synthesis by Deoxygenative Coupling of Carbonyl Compounds: From Stoichiometric to Catalytic (2020)

This highlight review describes the deoxygenative coupling of carbonyl compounds, starting with a brief historical presentation of stoichiometric reactions (McMurry coupling), then highlighting the efforts to develop catalytic reactions, and finally several examples of reactions without the use of transition metals. When available, intermolecular reactions and cross-coupling reactions of two different carbonyl compounds are highlighted. This highlight review describes the deoxygenative coupling of carbonyl compounds, starting with a brief historical presentation of stoichiometric reactions (McMurry coupling), then highlighting the efforts to develop catalytic reactions, and finally several examples of reactions without the use of transition metals. When available, intermolecular reactions and cross-coupling reactions of two different carbonyl compounds are highlighted.
Síntese do Alcaloide Cenocladamida e Análogos, e Avaliação de Atividade Citotóxica (2017)

a piplartina, um composto que apresentou atividade biolgica frente s clulas relacionadas ao cncer de prstrata, a cenocladamida permanece
Baeyer−Villiger Oxidation of 5-endo-(Biphenyl-4-ylmethoxy)-7-anti-piperidinobicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one:  Process Development and Scale-Up (1997)

The Baeyer−Villiger oxidation of 7-anti-piperidino, 5-endo-biphenyl-4-ylmethoxy substituted norbornan-2-one was developed to provide a robust, reproducible process for manufacture of the regioisomeric lactone which results from migration of the bridgehead carbon atom. Yields of 60−63% theory were obtained in a 2250 L plant.
Market-Driven EFG Modules, Annual Subcontract Report, 14 December 1996 - 13 February 1998 (1998)

This report summarizes the progress made at ASE Americas Inc. during Phase II of this subcontract. Accomplishments under Task 4: Wafers include optimization of edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) crystal growth variables, leading to reduced crystal stresses and improved wafer flatness; increased die run length due to improvements in the design of furnace components; construction and testing of EFG growth furnace enclosure; reduction of EFG wafer thickness from 300 {micro}m for 50% of all standard production material; implementation of new equipment to reduce costs of silicon feedstock sorting prior to EFG crystal growth with a 3% increase in silicon feedstock utilization; and development work demonstrating the laser cutting of EFG wafers at higher speeds and with reduced silicon damage. Accomplishments under Task 5: Cells include characterization of cells after diffusion as preliminary work toward improving diffusion conditions and improving cell efficiency; demonstration of a continuous process to remove phosphorus glass from diffused wafers, reducing chemical consumption and hazardous waste by 98%; development of statistical process control methods to improve cell production process control; the use of design of experiments to study interactions between processing at various steps in cell manufacturing, and to develop strategies for productivity improvements; improvements in EFG cell efficiency due to the reduction in average wafer thickness; design and construction of equipment for producing cells with an improved grid design; and demonstration of average efficiencies over 14.1% on production lots of EFG cells. Accomplishments under Task 6: Modules include production and successful testing of prototypes of a lower-cost module diode housing; successful demonstration of a module design that greatly improves collection of light from space between cells in modules; testing of new encapsulants and lamination processes to demonstrate reduced lamination time, improved yield and enhanced durability; and completion of options study for lower-cost module frames, and development of a frameless module design using mounting clamps.
High-Throughput Expression of C. elegans Proteins (2004)

Proteome-scale studies of protein three-dimensional structures should provide valuable information for both investigating basic biology and developing therapeutics. Critical for these endeavors is the expression of recombinant proteins. We selected Caenorhabditis elegans as our model organism in a structural proteomics initiative because of the high quality of its genome sequence and the availability of its ORFeome, protein-encoding open reading frames (ORFs), in a flexible recombinational cloning format. We developed a robotic pipeline for recombinant protein expression, applying the Gateway cloning/expression technology and utilizing a stepwise automation strategy on an integrated robotic platform. Using the pipeline, we have carried out heterologous protein expression experiments on 10,167 ORFs of C. elegans. With one expression vector and one Escherichia coli strain, protein expression was observed for 4854 ORFs, and 1536 were soluble. Bioinformatics analysis of the data indicates that protein hydrophobicity is a key determining factor for an ORF to yield a soluble expression product. This protein expression effort has investigated the largest number of genes in any organism to date. The pipeline described here is applicable to high-throughput expression of recombinant proteins for other species, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, provided that ORFeome resources become available.