gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architectural implications for spatial object association algorithms (2009)

Spatial object association, also referred to as crossmatch of spatial datasets, is the problem of identifying and comparing objects in two or more datasets based on their positions in a common spatial coordinate system. In this work, we evaluate two crossmatch algorithms that are used for astronomical sky surveys, on the following database system architecture configurations: (1) Netezza Performance Server<sup>®</sup>, a parallel database system with active disk style processing capabilities, (2) MySQL Cluster, a high-throughput network database system, and (3) a hybrid configuration consisting of a collection of independent database system instances with data replication support. Our evaluation provides insights about how architectural characteristics of these systems affect the performance of the spatial crossmatch algorithms. We conducted our study using real use-case scenarios borrowed from a large-scale astronomy application known as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST).
Shape optimization of multi-band antennas using the coupling between microgenetic algorithms and TLM method: Research Articles (2004)

This paper presents a new combination between transmission line matrix method (TLM) and microgenetic algorithm (µGA). This coupling is used to design patch shapes of microstrip and planar inverted—F antennas (PIFA) for broad-band or multi-band applications. Measured results of the µGA/TLM optimized designs show good agreement with TLM simulation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonblocking Algorithms and Preemption-Safe Locking on Multiprogrammed Shared Memory Multiprocessors (1998)

Most multiprocessors are multiprogrammed to achieve acceptable response time and to increase their utilization. Unfortunately, inopportune preemption may significantly degrade the performance of synchronized parallel applications. To address this problem, researchers have developed two principal strategies for a concurrent, atomic update of shared data structures: (1)preemption-safe lockingand (2)nonblocking(lock-free)algorithms. Preemption-safe locking requires kernel support. Nonblocking algorithms generally require a universal atomic primitive such ascompare-and-swaporload-linked/store-conditionaland are widely regarded as inefficient. We evaluate the performance of preemption-safe lock-based and nonblocking implementations of important data structures—queues, stacks, heaps, and counters—including nonblocking and lock-based queue algorithms of our own, in microbenchmarks and real applications on a 12-processor SGI Challenge multiprocessor. Our results indicate that our nonblocking queue consistently outperforms the best known alternatives and that data-structure-specific nonblocking algorithms, which exist for queues, stacks, and counters, can work extremely well. Not only do they outperform preemption-safe lock-based algorithms on multiprogrammed machines, they also outperform ordinary locks on dedicated machines. At the same time, since general-purpose nonblocking techniques do not yet appear to be practical, preemption-safe locks remain the preferred alternative for complex data structures: they outperform conventional locks by significant margins on multiprogrammed systems.
Are Feathers of a Songbird Model Species (The Great Tit, Parus major) Suitable for Monitoring Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in Blood Plasma? (2020)

Feathers have been shown to be useful in the biomonitoring of environmental contaminants, such as metals and persistent organic pollutants. However, little is known regarding the levels of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in feathers and the applicability of these structures for the biomonitoring of these compounds. In the present study, we report the extent to which feathers are suitable for monitoring PFAA concentrations in the blood plasma of an insectivorous songbird model species, the great tit (<i>Parus major</i>), settled at and in the vicinity of a fluorochemical plant in Antwerp, Belgium. For most of the target analytes (out of the 15 investigated), the feather PFAA concentrations near the plant are the highest ever reported in free-living birds. As PFAA concentrations did not differ in the adjacent sites, no pollution gradient with distance from the plant was observed. In addition, the PFAA concentrations were not associated with the age and sex of the birds. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) concentrations were significantly higher in <i>P. major</i> feathers than in blood plasma, but for most other PFAAs, these differences were not observed. The concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and PFOA in <i>P. major</i> feathers and plasma were significantly and positively correlated when combining data from all sites but often not at individual sites. This result was likely caused by lower sample sizes at the individual sites and the use of matrices that represent different time periods. Our results suggest that <i>P. major</i> feathers cannot be used to estimate PFOA and PFOS concentrations in blood plasma, except when there is a great deal of variation in pollutant concentrations among sites/individual birds. Both matrices represent different time frames, providing complementary information on environmental PFAA concentrations, as illustrated by the observation that more PFAA compounds could be detected in <i>P. major</i> feathers than in blood plasma.
New solid-state image pickup devices using photosensitive chalcogenide glass film (1979)

A new solid-state imager, in which the photosensitive Se-As-Te chalcogenide layer is separated from and deposited on the Si scanning array, has been fabricated and successfully operated. The n-MOS FET array used as a scanner has 320(H) × 244 (V) scanning elements and each element measures 27 µm by 27 µm. New processes such as the heat treatment of the photoconductive film during its evaporation, and the low temperature deposition of a transparent electrode, have made it possible to obtain defect-free imaging devices. Applying a target voltage of 40 V to the transparent electrode, we have obtained high sensitivity over the whole visible region. A blue(450 nm) sensitivity of 0.2 µA/µW obtained with this sensor is comparable to the tube sensitivity using the same target film. An SN ratio greater than 40 dB has been realized. Without any special antiblooming control, blooming phenomenon has been suppressed up to the scene illumination over 20 Klx(f4).
Central Command is Capable of Modulating Sweating from Non‐Glabrous Human Skin (2003)

Isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) increases sweating rate without changing core or skin temperatures. The contribution of central command resulting in increases in sweating rate during IHG is unknown. To investigate this question, seven subjects performed IHG (35 % maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) for 2 min) followed by 2-min of post-exercise ischaemia (PEI), with and without partial neuromuscular blockade (PNB). PNB was performed to augment central command during the IHG bout. These trials were conducted while the subject was normothermic, mildly heated, and moderately heated. On the non-exercising arm, forearm sweating rate was monitored over a microdialysis membrane perfused with neostigmine (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor), and at an adjacent untreated site. In normothermia with PNB, despite reduced force production during IHG (17 +/- 9 versus 157 +/- 13 N; P < 0.001), the elevation in sweating rate at the neostigmine-treated site was greater relative to the control IHG bout (P < 0.05). During subsequent PEI, for the PNB trial mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and sweating rate returned towards pre-IHG levels, while during the control trial these variables remained elevated. During IHG while mildly heated, the elevation in sweating rate was greater during the PNB trial relative to the control trial. In contrast, during moderate heating sweating increased during IHG for both trials, however the elevation in sweating rate during the PNB trial was not greater than during the control trial. These results suggest that central command is capable of modulating sweating rate in all thermal conditions, however its effect is reduced when body temperatures and/or sweating rate are substantially elevated.
Removal of cumulus cells around 20 h after the start of <i>in vitro</i> maturation improves the meiotic competence of porcine oocytes via reduction in cAMP and cGMP levels (2019)

We examined the effect of the timing of removing cumulus cells surrounding porcine oocytes from small follicles (SFs, < 3 mm in diameter) and medium follicles (MFs; 3-6 mm in diameter) on the meiotic and developmental competence of the oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from SFs and MFs, and the oocytes were denuded at 0, 20, and 44 h after the start of in vitro maturation (IVM), and the meiotic progression of the oocytes was assessed at the end of the IVM period. The incidence of mature oocytes was significantly affected by both the origin of the COCs and the time when the oocytes were denuded. Although the percentage of mature oocytes was always higher when the COCs were collected from MFs than that when the COCs were collected from SFs, the maturation rate was significantly higher when the oocytes were denuded at 20 h than when they were denuded at 44 h after the start of IVM. When the mature oocytes were activated electrically, the developmental competence of the oocytes denuded at 20 and 44 h to reach the blastocyst stage did not differ, whereas the competence of the MF-derived oocytes was significantly higher than that of SF-derived oocytes. When the intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels in SF-derived oocytes were examined at 24 h of IVM, the levels of both were significantly decreased only in the oocytes denuded at 20 h. In conclusion, denuding oocytes at 20 h of IVM caused a significant reduction in ooplasmic cAMP and cGMP levels and increased the meiotic competence of the oocytes without any reduction in blastocyst formation, even in the case of SF-derived oocytes.
Ultrashort‐pulse Phenomena (2004)

Abstract Ultrashort‐pulse phenomena are generally processes that occur on the subpicosecond to femtosecond time scale. The availability of lasers that generate ultrashort optical pulses has made possible the study of effects and processes that occur on ultrashort time scales. These measurements have led to a more fundamental understanding of processes in fields ranging from chemical kinetics to semiconductor physics. The high peak powers attainable with ultrashort‐pulse lasers has also led to new applications such as soft X‐ray generation and multiphoton microscopy. In this article, we review the generation, characterization, and a few of the applications of ultrashort optical pulses. We briefly introduce these topics with the goal of presenting an overview of the fundamental ideas. An extensive list of references is provided for each topic to give a starting point for further research.
Glimpses of Tribal Botanical Knowledge of Tirunelveli Hills, Western Ghats, India (2008)

In the present paper, 46 plant species of angiosperms belonging to 19 genera of Euphorbiaceae that occur naturally in the Tirunelveli Hills of western Ghats, India, were chosen for study. It was found that the uses of Euphorbiaceous plants by the inhabitants of this region cover a number of broad categories including food, various kinds of poisons, medicines, sundry types of oils, waxes, rubbers, varnishes, compounds for paints and other industrial products.
A Proposed Simple Model for Estimating Occupational Radiation Dose to Staff from Veterinary 18F-FDG Pet Procedures (2014)

Several studies have been conducted concerning the radiation dose to hospital personnel from positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals, but to date only one parallel study has been conducted for veterinary staff. Veterinary patients present challenges not encountered with human patients, as they require anesthesia and therefore more intensive monitoring than human patients. This paper presents a simple model for estimating the effective radiation dose to veterinary staff using occupational dose data from PET studies at Colorado State University's (CSU) James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The model consists of three point sources within a soft tissue cylinder, and sample calculations are provided for estimating dose to nuclear medicine technologists and an anesthesia technologist based on four different sized dogs. The estimated doses are within the range of actual occupational doses published previously. There are different protocols for the sequence of events in veterinary PET, specifically the order of anesthesia induction and radiopharmaceutical injection. When F-FDG injection is performed prior to anesthesia induction, the estimated dose is between 1.5 and 3.6 times higher than the doses received if injection is done after anesthesia induction, although expected doses for both protocols are below occupational dose limits based on a case load of 100 veterinary patients per year. The model is based on the techniques used at CSU, but it can be modified for different hospitals as well as differently sized animals.
Reducing instability and enhancing critical heat flux using integrated micropillars in two-phase microchannel heat sinks (2015)

We present a novel design of two-phase microchannel heat sink with integrated micropillars on the bottom heated surface. The microchannel can achieve significantly reduced flow boiling instability, and an enhanced heat transfer coefficient (40%) and critical heat flux (17%) compared to that without micropillars. In this design, the liquid film on the heated surface is sustained due to the capillary force within the micropillars and thin film evaporation dominates the heat transfer. The experimental results indicate that the capillary pressure can be maximized without introducing large viscous drag when the microstructure geometry is optimized. The insights gained from this work guide the design of stable, high performance two-phase microchannel heat sinks.
Improving outcomes for pancreatic cancer: radical surgery with patient-tailored, surgery-specific advanced haemodynamic monitoring (2013)

Pancreatic cancer has poor prognoses, with a median survival after diagnosis of less than 6 months. For some patients radical surgery remains the only chance of long-term cure. We report the successful outcome of a patient with pancreatic cancer and portal vein encasement that underwent a biliary bypass procedure and chemoradiotherapy. He was reassessed 8 months later where a complete resection of the pancreatic cancer was undertaken. The patient required a total pancreatectomy, splenectomy, subtotal gastrectomy and partial colectomy. Portal and superior mesenteric vein resection was performed, with reconstitution using the splenic vein as conduit with its draining inferior mesenteric vein. We report novel aspects of the surgical technique and describe our institution's patient-tailored, surgery-specific goal-directed strategy that was considered paramount for the successful perioperative outcome in this case.
Tirofiban Blocks Platelet Adhesion to Fibrin with Minimal Perturbation of GpIIb/IIIa Structure (2002)

Summary A biophysical approach tested the hypothesis that tirofiban, like eptifibatide, perturbs GpIIb/IIIa structure. Tirofiban bound tightly to platelet GpIIb/IIIa (EC50 ∼ 24 nmol/L) and effectively inhibited platelet aggregation (IC50 ∼ 37 nmol/L) but blocked platelet adhesion to clotted fibrin only at much higher doses (IC50 ∼ 580 nmol/L). Electrophoretic analyses demonstrated that tirofiban protected GpIIb/IIIa from SDSinduced subunit dissociation. However, saturating tirofiban concentrations had little or no effect on GpIIb/IIIa secondary or tertiary structure, as determined by circular dichroic spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and sedimentation velocity measurements performed with purified receptors in octyl glucoside. Moderate dose-dependent effects on GpIIb/IIIa quaternary structure were detected by sedimentation equilibrium. Transmission electron microscopy showed minimal tirofiban-induced receptor activation or oligomerization. Thus, even at the increased concentrations needed to block platelet:fibrin adhesive interactions, tirofiban exhibited only limited effects on GpIIb/IIIa conformation and clustering. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms and potential prothrombotic complications of integrin antagonists.
Direct Ventriculoatrial Shunt Placement for Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion in the Management of Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus: 2-Dimensional Operative Video (2023)

Coulibaly, Nangorgo BS*; Zhao, Xiaochun MD*; Burkhart, Harold M MD‡; Gernsback, Joanna MD* Author Information
Ammonium Cerium(IV) Nitrate as an Efficient Oxidizing Agent for Fused 1,4-Dihydropyridazine Derivatives and Hydrazides (2003)

A simple method for the aromatization of a fused 1,4-dihydropyridazine ring as well as a concomitant oxidation of a carbohydrazido group into the corresponding esters is presented. In particular, 1,4,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-5H-pyridazino[4,3-c]azepine-3-carboxylic acid hydrazides 1 are rapidly oxidized using six equivalents of ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate (CAN) in different alcohols to the corresponding fused pyridazine esters 3.
Advanced Composite Blankets for Vibration and Sound Radiation Reduction (2006)

Abstract : High sound levels transmitted inside payload fairings at launch account for 40% of the satellite damage in the initial phases of the launch. Numerous experiments conducted on the advanced composite acoustic heterogeneous blankets (HG blankets) have shown their great potential in reducing the vibration and sound levels inside payload fairings. This work presents the development and validation of the finite element (FE) models of HG composite blankets in order to understand the physics behind the functionality of the new acoustic material. The development of the FE model can be broadly classified in to three stages; (i)FE models of the individual component were developed and validated, (ii) the fully coupled 3D-FE model of the HG blankets were developed and validated, and (iii). Fully coupled 3D-FE models of the HG blanket coupled to the structural and acoustics domains were validated. Parametric studies were then performed on these fully coupled 3D-FE models in order to understand the effect of the variation in the material properties and geometrical configuration of the HG blanket on their behavior and acoustic attenuation capabilities. The knowledge base built from the parametric studies was later used for the development of optimized designs of the HG blanket material.
Ace (1997)

Customizing the protocols used to manage accesses to different data structures within an application can improve the performance of shared-memory programs substantially [10, 21]. Existing systems for using customizable protocols are, however, hard to use because they force programmers to rely on low-level mechanisms for manipulating these protocols. Since several shared-memory systems implement protocols in software and can support customizable protocols, the development of intuitive abstractions for the use of application-specific protocols ia important.We have designed a language, Ace , that integrates support for customizable protocols with minimal extensions to C. Ace applications are developed using the standard shared-memory model with a default sequentially consistent protocol. Performance can then be optimized, with minor modifications to the application, by experimenting with different protocol libraries. In this paper, we isolate the issues involved in providing language support for using customizable protocols and present novel language abstractions for their easy use. We describe the implementation of a compiler and runtime system for Ace , and discuss the issues involved in their design. We also present measurements that demonstrate that Ace has good performance compared to an efficient software distributed shared-memory system.
Electron Transfer from Flavin to Iron in the Pseudomonas oleovorans Rubredoxin Reductase−Rubredoxin Electron Transfer Complex (1998)

Rubredoxin reductase (RR) and rubredoxin form a soluble and physiological eT complex. The complex provides reducing equivalents for a membrane-bound omega-hydroxylase, required for the hydroxylation of alkanes and related compounds. The gene (alkT) encoding RR has been overexpressed and the enzyme purified in amounts suitable for studies of eT by stopped-flow spectroscopy. The eT reactions from NADH to the flavin of RR and from reduced RR to the 1Fe and 2Fe forms of rubredoxin have been characterized by transient kinetic and thermodynamic analysis. The reductive half-reaction proceeds in a one-step reaction involving oxidized enzyme and a two-electron-reduced enzyme-NAD+ charge-transfer complex. Flavin reduction is observed at 450 nm and charge-transfer formation at 750 nm; both steps are hyperbolically dependent on NADH concentration. The limiting flavin reduction rate (180 +/- 4 s-1) is comparable to the limiting rate for charge-transfer formation (189 +/- 7 s-1) and analysis at 450 and 750 nm yielded enzyme-NADH dissociation constants of 36 +/- 2 and 43 +/- 5 microM, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis of the reductive half-reaction yielded values for changes in entropy (DeltaS = -65.8 +/- 2.2 J mol-1 K-1), enthalpy (DeltaH = 37.8 +/- 0.6 kJ mol-1) and Gibbs free energy (DeltaG = 57.5 +/- 0.7 kJ mol-1 at 298 K) during hydride ion transfer to the flavin N5 atom. Spectral analysis of mixtures of 1Fe or 2Fe rubredoxin and RR suggest that conformational changes accompany eT complex assembly. Both the 1Fe (nonphysiological) and 2Fe (physiological) forms of rubredoxin were found to oxidize two electron-reduced rubredoxin reductase with approximately equal facility. Rates for the reduction of rubredoxin are hyperbolically dependent on rubredoxin concentration and the limiting rates are 72. 7 +/- 0.6 and 55.2 +/- 0.3 s-1 for the 1Fe and 2Fe forms, respectively. Analysis of the temperature dependence of eT to rubredoxin using eT theory revealed that the reaction is not adequately described as a nonadiabatic eT reaction (HAB >> 80 cm-1). eT to both the 1Fe and 2Fe forms of rubredoxin is therefore gated by an adiabatic process that precedes the eT reaction from flavin to iron. Possible origins of this adiabatic event are discussed.
Multiscale approach for the study of optoelectronic properties of InGaN/GaN nanowire light-emitting diodes (2015)

In this work we present a study of electronic and optoelectronic properties of InGaN/GaN nanowire (NW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a multiscale parametric approach. InGaN alloy bandgap bowing parameters extracted from empirical tight-binding (ETB) calculations are used in continuous level 3D simulation models. Strain and transport calculations are performed and quantum k·p-based models yield transition energies. Calculated emission energies are compared with experimental data showing a qualitative agreement within the experimental uncertainties.
Electroanalysis of Bisphenol A at a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes‐gold Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (2009)

Abstract A sensitive electrochemical method was developed for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)‐gold nanoparticles (GNPs) hybrid film, which was prepared based on the electrostatic interaction between positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and negatively charged MWCNTs and GNPs. The MWCNT‐GNPs/GCE exhibited an enhanced electroactivity for BPA oxidation versus unmodified GCE and MWCNTs/GCE. The experimental parameters, including the amounts of modified MWCNTs and GNPs, the pH of the supporting electrolyte, scan rate and accumulation time, were examined and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the differential pulse voltammetric anodic peak current of BPA was linear with the BPA concentration from 2.0×10 −8 to 2×10 −5 mol L −1 , with a limit of detection of 7.5 nmol L −1 . The proposed procedure was applied to determine BPA leached from real plastic samples with satisfactory results.