gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impaired Vascular Invasion of Cbfa1-Deficient Cartilage Engrafted in the Spleen (2002)

Chondrocyte maturation and vascular invasion of cartilage are essential in the process of endochondral ossification. Cbfal-deficient (Cbfa1-/-) mice displayed a complete absence of osteoblast and osteoclast maturation as well as severely inhibited chondrocyte maturation in most parts of the skeleton. Although chondrocyte maturation and mineralization were observed in restricted areas of Cbfa1-/- mouse skeleton, vascular invasion of calcified cartilage was never noted. To investigate the possibility of chondrocyte maturation and vascular invasion in Cbfal-/- cartilage and the role of the hematopoietic system in the process of vascular invasion, we transplanted embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5) Cbfa1-/- femurs, which are composed of immature chondrocytes, into spleens of normal mice. One week later, the transplanted femurs contained terminally differentiated chondrocytes expressing osteopontin, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13. In the diaphyses of the transplants, the cartilage matrix was mineralized and the cartilage was invaded by vascular vessels and osteoclasts. However, chondrocyte maturation and vascular invasion were severely retarded in comparison with transplants of E14.5 wild-type femurs, in which the cartilage was rapidly replaced by bone, and neither mature osteoblasts nor bone formation were observed. In primary culture of Cbfa1-/- chondrocytes, transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), interleukin (IL)-1beta, and thyroid hormone (T3) induced osteopontin and MMP-13 expression. These findings indicated that factors in the hematopoietic system are able to support vascular invasion of cartilage independent of Cbfal but are less effective without it, suggesting that Cbfal functions in cooperation with factors from bone marrow in the process of growth plate vascularization.
The absence of any effect of .ALPHA.-human atrial natriuretic peptide on sodium transport and osmotic water flow in the toad bladder. (1985)

Synthesized alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP), at 10(-6) M, failed to inhibit short-circuit current and basal and 10 mU/ml vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the bladder either pretreated with cyclooxygenase inhibitor, or preincubated with arachidonic acid, a precursor of PGE2. These results indicate alpha-hANP to have no direct effect on sodium transport and water permeability in the bladder, and no evidence was obtained indicating that alpha-hANP suppresses vasopressin-stimulated water flow by increasing PGE2 production.
Bit-error probabilities for 2- and 4-DPSK in general Nakagami fading channels with correlated Gaussian noise (2000)

Exact bit-error probability (BEP) expressions are derived for 2- and 4-ary differential phase shift keying (2- and 4-DPSK) with post-detection equal gain combining (EGC) in arbitrarily correlated slow Nakagami fading channels. Unlike previous work, the effect of noise correlation between adjacent symbol intervals is considered and shown explicitly in the BEP expressions. The characteristic function method is used to give a BEP expression in a general form for 2- and 4-DPSK. Furthermore, closed-form BEP expressions are derived for 2-DPSK with coloured noise, and for 4-DPSK with white noise and integer fading parameter m. The theoretical result is demonstrated by analysing two antenna configurations, giving some interesting findings.
Protein microarrays for antibody profiling: Specificity and affinity determination on a chip (2005)

Abstract Protein microarray technology facilitates the detection and quantification of hundreds of binding reactions in one reaction from a minute amount of sample. Proof‐of‐concept studies have shown that the set‐up of sensitive assay systems based on protein arrays is possible, however, the lack of specific capture reagents limits their use. Therefore, the generation and characterisation of capture molecules is one of the key topics for the development of protein array based systems. Recombinant antibody technologies, such as HuCAL® (human combinatorial antibody library; MorphoSys, Munich, Germany), allow the fast generation of highly specific binders to nearly any given target molecule. Although antibody libraries comprise billions of members, it is not the selection process, but the detailed characterisation of the pre‐selected monoclonal antibodies that presents the bottleneck for the production of high numbers of specific binders. In order to obtain detailed information on the properties of such antibodies, a microarray‐based method has been developed. We show that it is possible to define the specificity of recombinant Fab fragments by protein and peptide microarrays and that antibodies can be classified by binding patterns. Since the assay uses a miniaturised system for the detection of antibody‐antigen interactions, the observed binding occurs under ambient analyte conditions as defined by Ekins ( J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 1989, 7 , 155–168). This allows the determination of a relative affinity value for each binding event, and a ranking according to affinity is possible. The new microarray based approach has an extraordinary potential to speed up the screening process for the generation of recombinant antibodies with pre‐defined selection criteria, since it is intrinsically a high‐throughput technology.
Novel Modified Playfair Cipher using a SquareMatrix (2014)

This paper is about encryption and decryption of text using a secret password provided by the user. The encryption machine takes the password and source message as input and generates acipher text based on Modified Playfair Algorithm using dynamic rectangular matrix. The decryption machine takes the same password and the cipher text generated by the encryption engine as input to produce the original message. It also checks if the input is valid and blocks the user when an invalid input is provided. In this paper the entire program will be simulated by using an PHP application.
Sequence similarity between the erythrocyte binding domain 1 of the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein and the V3 loop of HIV-1 strain MN reveals binding residues for the Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (2011)

A heparin binding site motif in members of the DBP family may form part of a conserved erythrocyte receptor binding pocket.
In vivo quantification of plant starch reserves at micrometer resolution using X‐ray microCT imaging and machine learning (2018)

Starch is the primary energy storage molecule used by most terrestrial plants to fuel respiration and growth during periods of limited to no photosynthesis, and its depletion can drive plant mortality. Destructive techniques at coarse spatial scales exist to quantify starch, but these techniques face methodological challenges that can lead to uncertainty about the lability of tissue-specific starch pools and their role in plant survival. Here, we demonstrate how X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) and a machine learning algorithm can be coupled to quantify plant starch content in vivo, repeatedly and nondestructively over time in grapevine stems (Vitis spp.). Starch content estimated for xylem axial and ray parenchyma cells from microCT images was correlated strongly with enzymatically measured bulk-tissue starch concentration on the same stems. After validating our machine learning algorithm, we then characterized the spatial distribution of starch concentration in living stems at micrometer resolution, and identified starch depletion in live plants under experimental conditions designed to halt photosynthesis and starch production, initiating the drawdown of stored starch pools. Using X-ray microCT technology for in vivo starch monitoring should enable novel research directed at resolving the spatial and temporal patterns of starch accumulation and depletion in woody plant species.
Murine retroviruses control class I major histocompatibility antigen gene expression via a trans effect at the transcriptional level. (1987)

Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) and Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MSV) exert a regulatory effect on the class I genes of the murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We have previously shown that M-MuLV infection of mouse fibroblasts results in a substantial increase in cell surface expression of H-2K, H-2D, and H-2L proteins, whereas M-MSV, upon coinfection of the same cells, is apparently able to override the MuLV-induced increase in H-2 expression. As a result of this modulation, immune recognition of the infected cells is profoundly altered. Our efforts have been directed toward elucidating the molecular basis for this phenomenon. We report here that stimulation of interferon production as a result of infection with MuLV does not occur and, therefore, is not the cause of MuLV-induced enhancement of MHC expression. Control of H-2 class I and beta 2-microglobulin gene expression by M-MuLV, and probably by M-MSV, takes place at the transcriptional level as indicated by nuclear runoff studies and analysis of steady-state mRNA levels. Our demonstration that M-MuLV controls expression of widely separated endogenous cellular genes (those coding for H-2D, H-2K, H-2L, and beta 2-microglobulin), transfected class I MHC genes, and unintegrated chimeric genes consisting of fragments of class I MHC genes linked to sequences encoding a procaryotic enzyme, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, suggests that M-MuLV exerts its effect in trans and not by proviral integration in the vicinity of the H-2 gene complex. Finally, we show that the sequences of at least one MHC gene, which are responsive to trans regulation by M-MuLV, lie within 1.2 kilobases upstream of the initiation codon for that gene.
Fundamental States of Interaction for Pen, Touch, and Other Novel Interaction Devices (2004)

Traditional mouse-based desktop interfaces support a number of fundamental capabilities that frequently become problem areas for novel interaction devices with new capabilities. The same interaction and device design problems come up with these devices over and over again, with researchers and designers repeating the same mistakes. This note describes these fundamental capabilities, how they are supported on mouse-based interfaces, and identifies fundamental problems in extending them to novel interaction devices. My hope is that this can help designers identify basic mismatches between input device and interaction technique in the early stages of a design, as well as to consider design solutions (or to be more precise, various design compromises) that have been proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF ALDEHYDES TO ACTIVATED DOUBLE BONDS. XXXVI. SYNTHESES AND REACTIONS OF 3‐ACYL‐1,5‐DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS (1985)

Abstract Durch Addition der Aldehyde (II) an Ketale des Typs (I) bzw. (IV) erhält man Triketon‐monoketale des Typs (III) bzw. (V).
On mining cross-graph quasi-cliques (2005)

Joint mining of multiple data sets can often discover interesting, novel, and reliable patterns which cannot be obtained solely from any single source. For example, in cross-market customer segmentation, a group of customers who behave similarly in multiple markets should be considered as a more coherent and more reliable cluster than clusters found in a single market. As another example, in bioinformatics, by joint mining of gene expression data and protein interaction data, we can find clusters of genes which show coherent expression patterns and also produce interacting proteins. Such clusters may be potential pathways.In this paper, we investigate a novel data mining problem, mining cross-graph quasi-cliques, which is generalized from several interesting applications such as cross-market customer segmentation and joint mining of gene expression data and protein interaction data. We build a general model for mining cross-graph quasi-cliques, show why the complete set of cross-graph quasi-cliques cannot be found by previous data mining methods, and study the complexity of the problem. While the problem is difficult, we develop an efficient algorithm, Crochet, which exploits several interesting and effective techniques and heuristics to efficaciously mine cross-graph quasi-cliques. A systematic performance study is reported on both synthetic and real data sets. We demonstrate some interesting and meaningful cross-graph quasi-cliques in bioinformatics. The experimental results also show that algorithm Crochet is efficient and scalable.
The substantia nigra of the human brain (1999)

Parkinson's disease is characterized by massive degeneration of dopamine-containing neurons in the midbrain. However, the vulnerability of these neurons is heterogeneous both across different midbrain dopamine-containing cell groups and within the substantia nigra, the brain structure most affected in this disease. To determine the exact pattern of cell loss and to map the cellular distribution of candidate pathogenic molecules, it is necessary to have landmarks independent of the degenerative process by which to subdivide the substantia nigra. We have developed a protocol for this purpose based on immunostaining for calbindin D(28K), a protein present in striatonigral afferent fibres. We used it to examine post-mortem brain samples from seven subjects who had had no history of neurological or psychiatric disease. We found intense immunostaining for calbindin D(28K) associated with the neuropil of the ventral midbrain. Within the calbindin-positive region, there were conspicuous calbindin-poor zones. Analysed in serial sections, many of the calbindin-poor zones seen in individual sections were continuous with one another, forming elements of larger, branched three-dimensional structures. Sixty per cent of all dopamine-containing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta were located within the calbindin-rich zone, which we named the nigral matrix, and 40% were packed together within the calbindin-poor zones, which we named nigrosomes. We identified five different nigrosomes. This organization was consistent from one control brain to another. We propose that subdivision of the human substantia nigra based on patterns of calbindin immunostaining provides a key tool for analysing the organization of the substantia nigra and offers a new approach to analysing molecular expression patterns in the substantia nigra and the specific patterns of nigral cell degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous carbon for fuel cell applications (2007)

The synthesis and application aspects of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) as a novel material for fuel cell catalysts are reviewed in this paper. The synthesis and structural characterization of OMC is outlined and the recent advances in the synthesis of OMC relevant to fuel cell technologies is presented. Recent examples of the application of OMC as a support for fuel cell catalysts are summarized and practical approaches for the application of OMC for the fuel cell systems are discussed. Future perspectives on the use of OMC in energy conversion and storage devices are also suggested.
Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Metropolitan Detroit Health System (2010)

A phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii was conducted from 2003 to 2008 in Detroit, MI. The incidence of A. baumannii increased from 1.7 to 3.7/1,000 patient days during the study period. Susceptibility to ampicillin-sulbactam and imipenem decreased from approximately 90% to approximately 40%. Genotyping revealed polyclonality, suggesting either emergence of multiple resistant strains or spread of a common genetic element. The sharp rise mandates major multidisciplinary interventions to optimize management of this multidrug-resistant pathogen.
Name Architecture and System for ID-Locator Split Networks (2013)

This paper proposes a name architecture and system for ID-locator split networks. The proposed name system considers a host- centric for the current stage as well as an object-centric for the next stage. Firstly, a name space for various communication objects is dened with consideration of scalability and distributed architecture. Secondly, reg- istries and servers are introduced to manage mapping between identier and object names with one-to-many relationship, and then name regis- tration and resolution using these registries and servers are described.
<title>Nonperiodic phase structures in optical disk systems</title> (2002)

For DVD/CD compatibility, a non-periodic phase structure (NPS) has been developed, consistent of a limited number of wide zones. Sufficient correction of the spherical aberration due to the combination of a DVD objective lens and a CD cover layer thickness is achieved. Two options have been worked out for better definition of the numerical aperture for CD. Tests of these options with a separate phase plate in combination with a standard DVD lens showed good performance, with slightly larger tilt margins than for the conventional solution. The NPS has been implemented in a glass/2P objective lens, to obtain a lens compatible for DVD + RW and CD - RW. With this lens, read and write tests of both DVD and CD were successful.
A Study on High-Precision CNC Tool Grinding System using Machine Vision (2005)

In this research, CNC tool grinding system has been developed with open architectural PC-NC kernel. The developed 4 axis tool grinding system is motion-controlled by PC-based controller. To reduce the machining error, machine vision system is adopted. By using the various image processing algorithms, alignment and auto-setaup processes are achieved between grinding wheel and workpiece. Also, the resolution of machine vision system is improved 10-15 times with the process of image enhancement and noise reduction. In grinding mechanism, there exist numerous parameters especially in machining conditions and processes. It is a very hard work to decide the optimal machining parameters. In this work, to optimize the grinding conditions, the grinding force has monitored using hall sensor. Since the hall sensor signal from the spindle current represents the grinding force, the excessive grinding force occurred at comer could be stabilized by feed rate control. In grinding process, as the wheel wear is natural phenomenon with its self-sharpening action, it is exceedingly difficult to measure the wear width during grinding process. The tracking method was developed with machine vision system. This algorithm enables the system to measure the wear width during grinding process. It is very useful to compensate the wheel wear in real-time.
Microleakage between composite-wire and composite-enamel interfaces of flexible spiral wire retainers. Part 2: comparison of amorphous calcium phosphate-containing adhesive with conventional lingual retainer composite (2009)

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the microleakage values of a newly developed amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-containing adhesive and a conventional lingual retainer composite at the composite-enamel and composite-wire interfaces of flexible spiral wire retainers (FSWRs). Sixty freshly extracted human mandibular incisors separated into three equal groups were used in this study. Multi-stranded 0.0215 inch diameter wire was bonded to enamel using conventional orthodontic adhesive (Transbond LR, 3M Unitek) and ACP-containing composite (Aegis Ortho, Harry J. Bosworth Co.), with or without the use of a primer. The specimens were sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5 per cent basic fuchsine for 24 hours, sectioned and examined under a stereomicroscope, and scored for microleakage at the composite-enamel and composite-wire interfaces from the mesial and distal margins. Statistical analyses were performed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests with a Bonferroni correction. Little or no microleakage was observed between the composite-enamel interface for any of the three groups, and any difference was not statistically significant. The amount of microleakage at the wire-composite interface was higher than that at the enamel-composite interface. Multiple comparison testing showed statistically significant differences in microleakage between Transbond LR and the ACP-containing adhesive used with primer at the composite-enamel and composite-wire interfaces (P < 0.001). ACP-containing adhesive used with primer showed the highest microleakage scores at the composite-enamel (mean: 0.39 +/- 0.42 mm) and composite-wire (mean: 1.66 +/- 0.47 mm) interfaces. The hypothesis is rejected. The ACP-containing composite used with or without primer showed significantly higher leakage at the composite-wire interface, while conventional lingual retainer composite showed lower microleakage scores.
Using a Novel One Health Multi-Dimensional Matrix Tool to Examine Complex GeoHealth Challenges Relating to Food Safety and Security, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Climate Change (2021)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive Presented WorkOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Using a Novel One Health Multi-Dimensional Matrix Tool to Examine Complex GeoHealth Challenges Relating to Food Safety and Security, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Climate ChangeAuthorsLauraKahniDSee all authors Laura KahniDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorOne Health InitiativeiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9706-0821view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Gender disparities in hepatocellular cancer survival (2009)

e15517 Background: Recent reports suggest that estrogen mediated inhibition of IL-6 protects against the development of HCC and may explain the decreased risk of liver cancer in women. We investigated the relation-hip between gender, age, and survival for patients with localized HCC. Methods: We identified 11,097 patients with localized, histologically defined HCC, from 1988- 2003, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, and overall survival were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model. The models were adjusted for treatment modality, tumor differentiation, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and number of lesions; they were stratified by year of diagnosis and SEER registry site. Results: 8,111 (73%) patients were men and 2,986 (27%) were women. In univariate and multivariate analyses, female gender, young age (&lt; 55 yo), and Asian ethnicity were all associated with improved overall survival (p&lt;0.001). In patients less than 55 yo, women had a superior OS and cancer specific survival (CSS) when compared to men (OS: 18 months vs. 9, CSS: 31 months vs. 14, p&lt;0.001). Conversely, in patients older than 55, there were no gender differences (OS: 8 months vs. 8, CSS 13 months vs. 11, p = 0.08). Local therapies, including, ablation (HR = 0.47 [0.43–0.53]), hepatectomy (HR = 0.40 [0.36–0.44]), radiation (HR = 0.67 [0.57–0.78]) and transplantation (HR = 0.17 [0.15–0.20]) were also associated with improved survival. There were no interactions identified between gender and treatment use. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report to highlight the superior outcome of premenopausal women with HCC compared to men. We postulate a potential role for estrogen in influencing the biology of HCC and the response to treatment. These observations are consistent with ones made in other gastrointestinal cancers and with reported preclinical data suggesting a protective role for estrogen. Further studies that confirm these observations and elucidate the biology of estrogen's influence on HCC are needed. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.