gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Citrate Anticoagulation During Plasma Exchange With Different Replacement Solutions (2009)

The aim of our retrospective study was to compare the application of regional citrate anticoagulation and citrate-related side-effects in plasma exchange (PE) with different replacement solutions. We included 35 patients treated with PE with regional citrate anticoagulation and divided them into three groups according to the replacement solution used: human albumin (HA) group (40 PE treatments), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) group (86 PE treatments), or a combination of the two (63 PE treatments). The citrate anticoagulation parameters, ionized calcium and metabolic consequences of citrate were compared. The blood flow and citrate infusion rates were similar in all groups. To maintain comparable values of ionized calcium during PE, significantly more calcium was replaced in the combination group (7.6 +/- 1.3 vs. 6.2 +/- 2.7 mL/h, P < 0.001) and even more in the FFP group (10.8 +/- 1.7 vs. 6.2 +/- 2.7 mL/h, P < 0.001) as compared to the HA group. The pH increased significantly and comparably in all groups, but the increase in bicarbonate was significantly higher in the FFP group (4.4 +/- 3.0 vs. 2.6 +/- 2.1 mmol/L, P = 0.01). A short, heparin-free hemodialysis session was performed after the PE treatment, because of significant metabolic alkalosis (mainly with pH > or = 7.5), significantly more often in the FFP group (14/86 PE, P < 0.01) as compared to the HA group (0/40), and only rarely in the combination group (2/63). To conclude, when FFP is used as a replacement solution during PE with citrate anticoagulation, significantly more calcium needs to be replaced and the increase in bicarbonate is greater during PE. The additional citrate contained in FFP, combined with frequent PE treatments, often causes significant metabolic alkalosis, which can be efficiently corrected with a short heparin-free hemodialysis.
Genome-wide profiling using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays identifies novel chromosomal imbalances in pediatric glioblastomas (2010)

Available data on genetic events in pediatric grade IV astrocytomas (glioblastoma [pGBM]) are scarce. This has traditionally been a major impediment in understanding the pathogenesis of this tumor and in developing ways for more effective management. Our aim is to chart DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) and get insight into genetic pathways involved in pGBM. Using the Illumina Infinium Human-1 bead-chip-array (100K single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]), we genotyped 18 pediatric and 6 adult GBMs. Results were compared to BAC-array profiles harvested on 16 of the same pGBM, to an independent data set of 9 pediatric high-grade astrocytomas (HGAs) analyzed on Affymetrix 250K-SNP arrays, and to existing data sets on HGAs. CNAs were additionally validated by real-time qPCR in a set of genes in pGBM. Our results identify with nonrandom clustering of CNAs in several novel, previously not reported, genomic regions, suggesting that alterations in tumor suppressors and genes involved in the regulation of RNA processing and the cell cycle are major events in the pathogenesis of pGBM. Most regions were distinct from CNAs in aGBMs and show an unexpectedly low frequency of genetic amplification and homozygous deletions and a high frequency of loss of heterozygosity for a high-grade I rapidly dividing tumor. This first, complete, high-resolution profiling of the tumor cell genome fills an important gap in studies on pGBM. It ultimately guides the mapping of oncogenic networks unique to pGBM, identification of the related therapeutic predictors and targets, and development of more effective therapies. It further shows that, despite commonalities in a few CNAs, pGBM and aGBMs are two different diseases.
Substrate specificity of the TIM22 mitochondrial import pathway revealed with small molecule inhibitor of protein translocation (2010)

The TIM22 protein import pathway mediates the import of membrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane and consists of two intermembrane space chaperone complexes, the Tim9-Tim10 and Tim8-Tim13 complexes. To facilitate mechanistic studies, we developed a chemical-genetic approach to identify small molecule agonists that caused lethality to a tim10-1 yeast mutant at the permissive temperature. One molecule, MitoBloCK-1, attenuated the import of the carrier proteins including the ADP/ATP and phosphate carriers, but not proteins that used the TIM23 or the Mia40/Erv1 translocation pathways. MitoBloCK-1 impeded binding of the Tim9-Tim10 complex to the substrate during an early stage of translocation, when the substrate was crossing the outer membrane. As a probe to determine the substrate specificity of the small Tim proteins, MitoBloCK-1 impaired the import of Tim22 and Tafazzin, but not Tim23, indicating that the Tim9-Tim10 complex mediates the import of a subset of inner membrane proteins. MitoBloCK-1 also inhibited growth of mammalian cells and import of the ADP/ATP carrier, but not TIM23 substrates, confirming that MitoBloCK-1 can be used to understand mammalian mitochondrial import and dysfunction linked to inherited human disease. Our approach of screening chemical libraries for compounds causing synthetic genetic lethality to identify inhibitors of mitochondrial protein translocation in yeast validates the generation of new probes to facilitate mechanistic studies in yeast and mammalian mitochondria.
Proteomic Analysis of Lymphoblastoid Cells Derived from Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study (2013)

Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness characterized by recurrent manic and depressive episodes. In bipolar disorder, family and twin studies suggest contributions from genetic and environmental factors; however, the detailed molecular pathogenesis is yet unknown. Thus, identification of biomarkers may contribute to the clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Monozygotic twins discordant for bipolar disorder are relatively rare but have been reported. Here we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of whole cell lysate derived from lymphoblastoid cells of monozygotic twins discordant for bipolar disorder by using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). We found approximately 200 protein spots to be significantly differentially expressed between the patient and the co-twin (t test, p<0.05). Some of the proteins were subsequently identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and included proteins involved in cell death and glycolysis. To examine whether these proteins could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder, we performed Western blot analysis using case-control samples. Expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), which is involved in glycolysis, was significantly up-regulated in patients with bipolar disorder (t test, p<0.05). Although PGAM1 cannot be regarded as a qualified biomarker of bipolar disorder from this preliminary finding, it could be one of the candidates for further study to identify biomarkers of bipolar disorder.
Resonance Raman spectrum of β‐carotene (1977)

Abstract Resonance Raman spectra for β‐carotene in carbon disulphide at room temperature have been measured. The experimental absorption spectrum and excitation profiles were analysed using a three‐dimensional model involving several molecular parameters related to the excited state's structure. These parameters are quite different from those reported previously in the literature. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is proposed.
Cover Image, Volume 27, Issue 10 (2018)

The cover image, by Simon Dunne et al., is based on the Paper Barriers to active self-management following treatment for head and neck cancer: Survivors' perspectives, https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4835.
Interim Design Report (2011)

The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires an Interim Design Report to be delivered midway through the project as a step on the way to the RDR. This document, the IDR, has two functions: it marks the point in the IDS-NF at which the emphasis turns to the engineering studies required to deliver the RDR and it documents baseline concepts for the accelerator complex, the neutrino detectors, and the instrumentation systems. The IDS-NF is, in essence, a site-independent study. Example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL, have been identified to allow site-specific issues to be addressed in the cost analysis that will be presented in the RDR. The choice of example sites should not be interpreted as implying a preferred choice of site for the facility.
Growth and EPR properties of KSm(WO4)2 and KEr(WO4)2 single crystals (2011)

Abstract Growth conditions and electron paramagnetic resonance investigations of two well oriented KSm(WO4)2 and KEr(WO4)2 single crystals have been presented and discussed. Hyperfine structure of Sm3+ ion was detected and analyzed for angular and temperature dependences. EPR spectra of KEr(WO4)2 and its angular dependence showed the presence of 5 magnetically nonequivalent Er centers in the crystal. A change in the type of magnetic interactions was analyzed using mixed (Gaussian and Lorentzian) fits of the EPR spectra.
TCR-Independent and Caspase-Independent Apoptosis of Murine Thymocytes by CD24 Cross-Linking (2004)

CD24, also referred to as the heat-stable Ag, is a T cell differentiation Ag that is highly expressed on both CD4-CD8- double negative and CD4+CD8+ double positive thymocytes. Here, we report that CD24 ligation by a new anti-CD24 Ab, mT-20, induced the apoptosis of both double negative and double positive thymocytes, as well as the Scid.adh thymic lymphoma cell line, in the absence of TCR/CD3 engagement. CD24-mediated apoptosis of mouse thymocytes and its signaling pathway appeared not to be associated with p53, CD95, TNFR, or caspases. Furthermore, we found that cell death was blocked by the addition of scavengers of reactive oxygen species or by Bcl-2 overexpression, implying the role of CD24 signaling in the mitochondrial regulation. In this study, we suggest that CD24 ligation induced the apoptosis of immature thymocytes independently of both caspase and TCR.
Parametric interaction in the Terfenol-D based magnetostrictive composite and nickel ferrite (2007)

The parametric interaction between electomagnetic pumping field and magnetoelastic oscillations in the Terfenol-D based composite has been studied. An original high-sensitivity expiremental technique to study the pulse pumping influence on the decay of magnetoelastic oscillations in the sub-threshold parametric mode in described. The results obtained for the Terfenol-D based composite are compared with data for the polycrystalline nickel ferrite.
Trauma Center Maturation (1999)

As the trauma center matured, the process of delivering patient care became more efficient. The result was improved survival, fewer complications, and a shorter length of stay.
Document structure and multilingual authoring (2000)

The use of XML-based authoring tools is swiftly becoming a standard in the world of technical documentation. An XML document is a mixture of structure (the tags) and surface (text between the tags). The structure reflects the choices made by the author during the top-down stepwise refinement of the document under control of a DTD grammar. These choices are typically choices of meaning which are independent of the language in which the document is rendered, and can be seen as a kind of interlingua for the class of documents which is modeled by the DTD. Based on this remark, we advocate a radicalization of XML authoring, where the semantic content of the document is accounted for exclusively in terms of choice structures, and where appropriate rendering/realization mechanisms are responsible for producing the surface, possibly in several languages simultaneously. In this view, XML authoring has strong connections to natural language generation and text authoring. We describe the IG (Interaction Grammar) formalism, an extension of DTD's which permits powerful linguistic manipulations, and show its application to the production of multilingual versions of a certain class of pharmaceutical documents.
Prenyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Purification to homogeneity and molecular properties. (1975)

Prenyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.1) has been purified to homogeneity from the supernatant fraction of yeast by ammonium sulfate fractionation, diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and hydroxylapatite chromatography, and column isoelectric focusing techniques. The active enzyme from isoelectric focusing columns emerged as a single symmetrical peak with specific activities 15- to 35-fold higher than previously reported preparations. The enzyme was found to be homogeneous by continuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 8.4 and discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 6.9 as well as sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis at pH 7.0. By means of gel chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the protein was shown to be a dimer with a molecular weight of 84,000 plus or minus 10%. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was determined to be 5.3. The enzyme synthesizes farnesyl and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphates from dimethylallyl, geranyl, and farnesyl pyrophosphates. Michaelis constants for the enzyme were 4, 8, and 14 mu M for isopentenyl, dimethylallyl, and geranyl pyrophosphates, respectively.
Ultra-compact High-speed Passive NOT Gate in SOI (2023)

We propose a phase-only modulation-based spiral waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) design for the implementation of a fully-passive and linear NOT gate. In experiments, we demonstrate inversion of a 50-Gbps NRZ-OOK data stream using a spiral WBG with an ultra-compact footprint of 0.25 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Direct solution of distribution system load flow using forward/backward sweep (2011)

One of the main requirements in large scale distribution systems (DSs) is an efficient load flow solution which can explicitly exploit characteristics of DSs. This paper presents a direct power flow solution not only for radial distribution systems (RDSs) but also for weakly meshed distribution systems (WMDSs) using the backward/forward sweep. The direct approaches for RDSs are presented in some papers but extension of them for WMDSs needs solving new extra equations and meshes must be located at the end of feeders. In this paper, a new method based on division of currents for WMDSs is used which can express the voltage of each load in terms of currents and common impedances of current paths directly without need to any new data. Results obtained for unbalanced, meshed and radial systems at different loading conditions, power factors and R/X ratios show that the proposed method is efficient, fast, robustness and has great potential to be used for large scale DSs.
Acido‐ and neutrophilic temperate forest plants display distinct shifts in ecological pH niche across north‐western Europe (2016)

Ecological niches of organisms vary across geographical space, but niche shift patterns between regions and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. We studied shifts in the pH niche of 42 temperate forest plant species across a latitudinal gradient from northern France to boreo‐nemoral Sweden. We asked 1) whether species restrict their niches with increasing latitude as they reach their northern range margin (environmental constraints); 2) whether species expand their niches with increasing latitude as regional plant species richness decreases (competitive release); and 3) whether species shift their niche position toward more acidic sites with increasing latitude as the relative proportion of acidic soils increases (local adaptation). Based on 1458 vegetation plots and corresponding soil pH values, we modelled species response curves using Huisman–Olff–Fresco models. Four niche measures (width, position, left and right border) were compared among regions by randomization tests. We found that with increasing latitude, neutrophilic species tended to retreat from acidic sites, indicating that these species retreat to more favorable sites when approaching their range margin. Alternatively, these species might benefit from enhanced nitrogen deposition on formerly nutrient‐poor, acidic sites in southern regions or lag behind in post‐glacial recolonization of potential habitats in northern regions. Most acidophilic species extended their niche toward more base‐rich sites with increasing latitude, indicating competitive release from neutrophilic species. Alternatively, acidophilic species might benefit from optimal climatic conditions in the north where some have their core distribution area. Shifts in the niche position suggested that local adaptation is of minor importance. We conclude that shifts in the pH niche of temperate forest plants are the rule, but the directions of the niche shifts and possible explanations vary. Our study demonstrates that differentiating between acidophilic and neutrophilic species is crucial to identify general patterns and underlying mechanisms.
Hypertension Caused by Lenvatinib and Everolimus in the Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2017)

Multikinase inhibitors (MKI) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors prolong progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) by reducing angiogenesis and tumor growth. In this regard, the MKI lenvatinib and the mTOR inhibitor everolimus proved effective when applied alone, but more effective when they were administered combined. Recently, both drugs were included in clinical trials, resulting in international clinical guidelines for the treatment of mRCC. In May 2016, lenvatinib was approved by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the use in combination with everolimus, as treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma following one prior antiangiogenic therapy. A major problem of treating mRCC with lenvatinib and everolimus is the serious adverse event (AE) of arterial hypertension. During the treatment with everolimus and lenvatinib combined, 42% of the patients developed hypertension, while 10% of the patients treated with everolimus alone and 48% of the of the lenvatinib only treated patients developed hypertension. Lenvatinib carries warnings and precautions for hypertension, cardiac failure, and other adverse events. Therefore, careful monitoring of the patients is necessary.
Laser induced crystallization of Co–Fe–B films (2021)

Local crystallization of ferromagnetic layers is crucial in the successful realization of miniaturized tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) devices. In the case of Co-Fe-B TMR devices, used most successfully so far in applications and devices, Co-Fe-B layers are initially deposited in an amorphous state and annealed post-deposition to induce crystallization in Co-Fe, thereby increasing the device performance. In this work, first direct proof of locally triggered crystallization of 10 nm thick Co-Fe-B films by laser irradiation is provided by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) using synchrotron radiation. A comparison with furnace annealing is performed for benchmarking purposes, covering different annealing parameters, including temperature and duration in the case of furnace annealing, as well as laser intensity and scanning speed for the laser annealing. Films of Co-Fe-B with different stoichiometry sandwiched between a Ru and a Ta or MgO layer were systematically assessed by XRD and SQUID magnetometry in order to elucidate the crystallization mechanisms. The transformation of Co-Fe-B films from amorphous to crystalline is revealed by the presence of pronounced CoFe(110) and/or CoFe(200) reflexes in the XRD θ-2θ scans, depending on the capping layer. For a certain window of parameters, comparable crystallization yields are obtained with furnace and laser annealing. Samples with an MgO capping layer required a slightly lower laser intensity to achieve equivalent Co-Fe crystallization yields, highlighting the potential of laser annealing to locally enhance the TMR ratio.
Characterization of Electroluminescence from One-dimensionally Self-Aligned Si-based Quantum Dots (2012)

We have demonstrated self-assembling formation of one-dimensionally self-aligned Si-based quantum dots (QDs) structures and applied them to an active layer of light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a semitransparent Au gate. Under forward bias conditions over threshold biases as low as ~1.2 and ~-2.0 V for LEDs formed on n- and p-Si(100), respectively, stable electroluminescence (EL) was observable in the near-infrared region at room temperature. The observed EL spectra could be deconvoluted into mainly two component peaks at ~1140 and ~1100 nm that originated from lower and upper dots, respectively, where both spectrum intensities showed a power-law relationship of the EL intensity with applied bias and input power. Notice that the slope of the component peak for the lower dots was larger than that for the upper dots, indicating that holes were stably stored in the lower dots due to a deep potential well. In fact, when an AC bias as low as ~6.4 V (DC at 2.0 V) was applied to the LEDs with an Au gate formed on the n-Si(100), a single component peak for the lower dots was detected, indicating electron–hole recombination in the lower dots caused by alternate carrier injection from the Si(100) substrate.
Rapid isolation of nuclei from carrot suspension culture cells using a BioNebulizer. (1994)

The BioNebulizer is an instrument that breaks cells and large molecules using the shearing forces created by laminar flow of high-pressure gas in the microcapillary channels generated by the instrument. Within 4 min, 90% of the carrot suspension culture cells that passed through the nebulizer were broken. Cytosol and organelles were released from the broken cells leaving cell wall ghosts. Nuclei were further purified by means of a discontinuous Percoll gradient. This method yielded an average of 2 x 10(5) nuclei from 2 g of suspension culture cells (approximately 2 x 10(6) cells). The isolated nuclei actively incorporated [8,5'-3H]-GTP into RNA.