gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
261. A Retrospective Evaluation of Coccidioidomycosis Skin Testing in Patients with Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis in an Endemic Region (2019)

Abstract Background Making the decision to stop antifungal therapy in patients with coccidioidomycosis can be challenging in patients with risk factors for relapsed infection. Spherulin-based coccidioidal skin testing was re-introduced to the market in 2014 and approved for the detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity in patients with a history of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis Methods We searched electronically for patients who had a spherulin skin test placed in our institution from January 1, 2015 through March 1, 2017, and then included patients age 18 years and older who met the definition for confirmed or probable pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. A retrospective chart review was conducted, and included details of clinical illness, antifungal treatment, serology, and chest imaging Results From January 1, 2015 to August 31, 2017, 172 patients with coccidioidomycosis had a spherulin skin test placed. We included for further study the 129 patients who had primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, followed for a median of 18 months (range 0–50 months); 56 (43.4/%) were male, 108 (85.7/%) Caucasian, median age was 55 years (range18–89).19/12914.7%)) were smokers, 14/129 (10.9%) were diabetic, 2 patients had HIV (1.6%) and 15/129 (11.6) we immunocompromised without HIV. 116/129(89.9%) % received antifungal treatment. Median time from illness to skin test was 13.5 months (range 0–78). Eighty-nine of 129 patients (69%) had a positive skin test, 40 (31%) had a negative test. Antifungal treatment was subsequently discontinued in 75/89 (84%), and one patient (1.2%) with a positive test, experienced relapsed infection. Among 30/40 with negative CST, antifungals were discontinued and none relapsed. Conclusion The presence of delayed-type hypersensitivity to coccidioidomycosis, manifested by a positive spherulin skin test, was associated with discontinuation of antifungal therapy, and a low percentage of relapsed infection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
Noninvasive Assessment of Auditory Function in Mice: Auditory Brainstem Response and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (2001)

In the 1960s and early 1970s, mouse auditory function was physiologically characterized by “nearfield” responses that were invasive. For example, exposure of the round window through the bulla, and the auditory nerve or inferior colliculus through the cranium were required to record summating and compound action potentials (SP and CAP, respectively) (e.g., Alford and Ruben, 1963; Mikaelian and Ruben, 1964; Willott and Henry, 1974). The development of hearing and usually hearing loss are progressive processes, and because no two ears are alike, longitudinal study of auditory function in the same ear is often preferred. With advances in computer averaging of signals and introduction of “far-field” recording techniques (Jewett, 1970), it became possible to nontraumatically monitor auditory function in mice (e.g., Henry and Haythorn, 1978; Henry and Lepkowski, 1978; Henry, 1979a). This development allowed examination of the same mouse over several testing sessions separated by days to months. Furthermore, the new techniques were less taxing on the animal subjects and less demanding in terms of experimental preparation and time.
The Future of Single- to Multi-band Detector Technologies: Review (2006)

Using classical optical components such as filters, prisms and gratings to separate the desired wavelengths before they reach the detectors results in complex optical systems composed of heavy components. A simpler system will result by utilizing a single optical system and a detector that responds separately to each wavelength band. Therefore, a continuous endeavors to develop the capability to reliably fabricate detector arrays that respond to multiple wavelength regions. In this article, we will review the state-of-the-art single and multicolor detector technologies over a wide spectral-range, for use in space-based and airborne remote sensing applications. Discussions will be focused on current and the most recently developed focal plane arrays (FPA) in addition to emphasizing future development in UV-to-Far infrared multicolor FPA detectors for next generation space-based instruments to measure water vapor and greenhouse gases. This novel detector component will make instruments designed for these critical measurements more efficient while reducing complexity and associated electronics and weight. Finally, we will discuss the ongoing multicolor detector technology efforts at NASA Langley Research Center, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and others.
All-Optical Burst-Mode Power Equalizer Based on Cascaded SOAs for 10-Gb/s EPONs (2008)

This letter proposes a new power equalization scheme based on cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers, for 10-Gb/s ethernet passive optical networks with uneven topology. For networks with a large number of subscribers, the proposed equalization scheme enables a 16-dB reduction of the receiver dynamic range.
ChemInform Abstract: REDUKTIVE KONDENSATION UNGESAETTIGTER PHOSPHONIUMSALZE MIT CARBONYLVERBINDUNGEN, MOEGLICHE BLDG. EINES REAKTIVEM 1,2‐BIS‐YLIDS (1972)

Abstract 1,1,4,4‐Tetraphenyl‐1,4‐diphosphonia‐cyclohexen‐(2)‐dibromid (I) reagiert mit einem reduzierenden Material ggfs.
Mathematical Modeling of Microbial Community Dynamics: A Methodological Review (2014)

Microorganisms in nature form diverse communities that dynamically change in structure and function in response to environmental variations. As a complex adaptive system, microbial communities show higher-order properties that are not present in individual microbes, but arise from their interactions. Predictive mathematical models not only help to understand the underlying principles of the dynamics and emergent properties of natural and synthetic microbial communities, but also provide key knowledge required for engineering them. In this article, we provide an overview of mathematical tools that include not only current mainstream approaches, but also less traditional approaches that, in our opinion, can be potentially useful. We discuss a broad range of methods ranging from low-resolution supra-organismal to high-resolution individual-based modeling. Particularly, we highlight the integrative approaches that synergistically combine disparate methods. In conclusion, we provide our outlook for the key aspects that should be further developed to move microbial community modeling towards greater predictive power.
Azo Dye Reduction by Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Consortia (2005)

The reduction of the azo dye model compounds Reactive Red 2 (RR2) and Reactive Orange 14 (RO14) by mesophilic (30 degrees C) and thermophilic (55 degrees C) anaerobic consortia was studied in batch assays. The contribution of fermentative and methanogenic microorganisms in both temperatures was evaluated in the presence of the fermentative substrate glucose and the methanogenic substrates acetate, H2/CO2, methanol, and formate. Additionally, the effect of the redox mediator riboflavin on electron shuttling was assessed. We concluded that the application of thermophilic anaerobic treatment is an interesting option for the reductive decolorization of azo dyes compared to mesophilic conditions. The use of high temperature may decrease or even take the place of the need for continuous redox mediator dosage in bioreactors, contrarily to the evident effect of those compounds on dye reduction under mesophilic conditions. Both fermenters and methanogens may play an important role during reductive decolorization of dyes, in which mediators are important not only for allowing the different microbes to participate more effectively in this complex reductive biochemistry but also for assisting in the competition for electrons between dyes and other organic and inorganic electron acceptors.
Optimization of acoustic measurement analysis for assessment of wheel/rail interaction force (2012)

International audience
High-Speed and Low-Latency Transmission by Millimeter-Wave Digital Wireless System for Si-IGBT/SiC-MOSFET Driver Control (2023)

Wireless transmission of gate control signals is expected to improve insulation performance and design flexibility. This paper proposes high-speed and low-latency transmission by millimeter wave digital wireless system for Si-IGBT/SiC-MOSFET driver control. High-speed and low-latency transmission is realized by continuous transmission using the millimeter wave radio. Solutions for handling errors and reliability are also presented. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated by evaluating the transmission latency, the effect of wireless errors using a real-time simulator, and its connection to an actual inverter.
Annual crops yield, soil quality and gully filling practices at the Campi&#241;a in Southern Spain&#160; (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Gully filling practices are periodically carried out in commercial farms of annual crops in the Guadalquivir Campi&amp;amp;#241;a to reduce the extension of gully erosion after erosive events. Large quantities of fertile topsoil are scraped, transported and deposited by tractors and specialized machinery within eroded waterways. Thus, gullies are filled at the expense of soil quality in their vicinity leading to decreasing crop yields.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160; The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of recent filling practices in soil quality and crop production (wheat and sunflower) in four small gullied watersheds (&amp;lt; 5 ha) in a commercial farm near the town of C&amp;amp;#243;rdoba (Spain). Soil samples were taken at four transects defining 27 locations in each watershed (108 in total), including scraped, non-scraped and reference areas for analyzing &amp;amp;#160;chemical and physical soil properties (cation exchange capacity CEC, texture, organic matter OM, carbonate content). In addition, at each sampling site, bulk density (BD, clod method), undrained shear strength (USS, vane test), soil colour (Munsell) and soil erodibility (jet test) were measured. At the same locations, yield surveys were conducted in 2 m2 plots at the end of May and July 2021 in watersheds on wheat and sunflower, respectively. Wheat grain and sunflower seeds were extracted, dried at 60&amp;amp;#186;C and weighted for the determination of crop yield.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;#160; Significant differences were found between sampling sites in chemical and physical soil properties, with scraped areas showing light colours, lower CEC and OM and higher dry BD and USS. Soil colour was found to be a good proxy for soil quality. Topography along with soil quality explained ~ 60% of the crop yield variance, with showed large variations (between 3 and 6 t&amp;amp;#183;ha&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; for wheat and 100 and 800 kg&amp;amp;#183;ha&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1 &amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;for sunflower). These results emphasize the need for quantitative analyses of gully erosion degradation to provide alternative and more efficient and sustainable management approaches for gully control.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Abstract IA31: Stalled developmental programs at the root of K27M mutant gliomas and other pediatric brain tumors (2020)

Abstract Childhood brain tumors have suspected prenatal origins. We showed that H3K27M in gliomas impairs the production and the spread of the repressive H3K27me3 mark from PRC2 high-affinity sites. Neither the recruitment of PRC2 to its nucleation sites nor the deposition of the H3K27me3 mark in the proximity of those sites was affected by the mutation. However, our findings indicate that as the marks cannot spread to establish the proper silencing landscape, further lineage specification, a major role of PRC2, is not possible, and the cell is stalled in an early epigenetic and progenitor state, indefinitely multiplying without being able to further differentiate. To identify vulnerable developmental states, we generated a single-cell transcriptome atlas of &amp;gt;44,000 cells from embryonal pons and forebrain, two major tumor locations. We derived signatures for 119 distinct cell populations and defined regional cellular diversity and differentiation dynamics. Projection of bulk tumor transcriptomes onto this dataset shows that WNT medulloblastomas match the rhombic lip-derived mossy fiber neuronal lineage, embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes fully recapitulate a cortical neuronal lineage, atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumors originate outside of the neuro-ectoderm, while diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas resemble a pontine astrocytic progenitor and differentiate upon removal of driver mutation H3K27M. Importantly, single-cell tumor profiles reveal highly defined cell hierarchies mirroring transcriptional programs of the corresponding normal lineages. We identify impaired differentiation of specific neural progenitors as a common mechanism underlying these pediatric cancers and provide a rational framework for future modeling and therapeutic interventions. Citation Format: Nada Jabado. Stalled developmental programs at the root of K27M mutant gliomas and other pediatric brain tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr IA31.
Host cells subdivide nutrient niches into discrete biogeographical microhabitats for gut microbes (2022)

Changes in the microbiota composition are associated with many human diseases, but factors that govern strain abundance remain poorly defined. We show that a commensal Escherichia coli strain and a pathogenic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate both utilize nitrate for intestinal growth, but each accesses this resource in a distinct biogeographical niche. Commensal E. coli utilizes epithelial-derived nitrate, whereas nitrate in the niche occupied by S. Typhimurium is derived from phagocytic infiltrates. Surprisingly, avirulent S. Typhimurium was shown to be unable to utilize epithelial-derived nitrate because its chemotaxis receptors McpB and McpC exclude the pathogen from the niche occupied by E. coli. In contrast, E. coli invades the niche constructed by S. Typhimurium virulence factors and confers colonization resistance by competing for nitrate. Thus, nutrient niches are not defined solely by critical resources, but they can be further subdivided biogeographically within the host into distinct microhabitats, thereby generating new niche opportunities for distinct bacterial species.
Factors which affect the glass transition and damping capability of polymers (1991)

Abstract The shape of the glass transition plays a critical role in the engineering performance of polymers in sound and vibration damping, as well as other applications. The transition may be affected by fillers, plasticizers, blending, IPN formation, etc. A collection of data, both original and literature, is presented which illustrates how the phenomenon works. Emphasis is placed on the role of the area under the linear loss modulus–temperature curve, which may be evaluated in a fashion similar to other spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the loss area can be significantly affected by morphological factors.
Nonlinear imaging using a 35 fs 3.5 nJ all-PM fiber laser frequency doubled at 800 nm (2020)

We demonstrate the use of an all-PM fiber laser, delivering 35 fs pulses at 800 nm and a 40-MHz repetition rate, for twophoton excited fluorescence (2PEF) and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) nonlinear microscopy. The laser has been combined to a compact group delay dispersion pre-compensation set-up to ensure the shortest pulse and so the highest peak power on the sample, minimizing the risk to damage it. We carried out measurements on vegetal samples like vine shoot or cleaning paper as well as on the forefinger of a volunteer, for current biocompatible powers under 10 mW. To the best of our knowledge, the use of an all-PM fiber laser delivering 35 fs pulses for microscopy applications has never been reported. Due to its compactness and cost-efficiency, this laser is a very attractive alternative to Ti:Sapphire modelocked lasers.
Insight to the valence band electronic structure of metallicity selected single wall carbon nanotubes from a photoemission viewpoint (2010)

Abstract The progress on separation of single‐walled carbon nanotubes according to their metallic character has allowed to access the unique electronic and optical properties long ago predicted. Whether the inevitable interactions of nanotubes in a bundle or single doping defects are in scope, the energies of charge carriers and lattice vibrations are modified. Based on this, we have made use of photoemission spectroscopy effectively to identify modifications of the underlying basic correlation effects in the electronic structure. Subsequently, we have deepened into the study of the valence band of metallicity sorted samples and we have recorded, depending on the actual type of interaction within a film of bundles of purely metallic single wall carbon nanotube bundles, a compelling evidence for both a 1D Tomonaga–Luttinger power law scaling and a 3D Fermi liquid.
Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing (2015)

Graphene is the thinnest two-dimensional (2D) carbon material and has many advantages including high carrier mobilities and conductivity, high optical transparency, excellent mechanical flexibility and chemical stability, which make graphene an ideal material for various optoelectronic devices. The major applications of graphene in photovoltaic devices are for transparent electrodes and charge transport layers. Several other 2D materials have also shown advantages in charge transport and light absorption over traditional semiconductor materials used in photovoltaic devices. Great achievements in the applications of 2D materials in photovoltaic devices have been reported, yet numerous challenges still remain. For practical applications, the device performance should be further improved by optimizing the 2D material synthesis, film transfer, surface functionalization and chemical/physical doping processes. In this review, we will focus on the recent advances in the applications of graphene and other 2D materials in various photovoltaic devices, including organic solar cells, Schottky junction solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, other inorganic solar cells, and perovskite solar cells, in terms of the functionalization techniques of the materials, the device design and the device performance. Finally, conclusions and an outlook for the future development of this field will be addressed.
Hardware implementation of some DBMS functions using SPR (1992)

The sorting processor (SPR) is a sort-processor developed to accelerate some of the most frequently used functions of existing data base management systems (DBMS). Realized as an add-in coprocessor board, the SPR provides for a significant performance gain in existing computer architectures. Improved performance is obtained by migration of low-level non-numeric DBMS functions into hardware. The paper presents the basic architecture of a prototype version of the SPR and the hardware support for SORT, SELECT, PROJECT and JOIN operations. A SORT operation is based on the implementation of the improved recursive radix-sort method. Relational data base operations make use of equivalence classes (E-class) generated by the SPR during the basic radix sort or hashing operations. Performance measures given are obtained using the realized prototype SPR.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
HEREDITARY DIFFUSE GASTRIC CANCER: GENETIC ASPECTS AND PROPHYLACTIC TOTAL GASTRECTOMY (2018)

For patients with an identified germline E-cadherin-1 (CDH1) mutation, prophylactic gastrectomy is the treatment of choice to eliminate the high risk of developing diffuse gastric cancer. The case report describes a rare case of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) associated with CDH1 gene mutation, which is reported in the Russian population for the first time. In 2013, a 28-year- old woman was referred to Clinical Oncogenetics Laboratory with a family history of gastric cancer. Molecular genetic analysis revealed CDH1 gene mutation. The lifetime risk of cancer in mutation positive members is more than 80. Histological examination of gastric biopsy specimens obtained during endoscopy revealed isolated signet ring cells in the lamina propria. Spleenpreserving D2-lymphodissection and total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction with a jejunal reservoir formation were performed at the Abdominal Oncology Surgery Department.
Design and development of few-tooth-deference planetary gear Powertrain Coupling system with biased bent shaft in electric and HEV for all-terrain vehicles (2008)

The article has analyzed the domestic and international present research status and development trend of the electric and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Considering actual scientific research, according to the characteristic and environment requirement of all-terrain vehicle (ATV), the principle of elected and designed component parts for powertrain coupling system of ATV, and the demands of performance parameter of power, torque and speed of moving ATV, this article studies on the performance parameter and control strategy of powertrain coupling system of engine, electric motor and the storage battery. The optimization matching, the modeling simulation and the experiment have been carried out. The article proposes a new multipurpose design and development plan on the powertrain coupling system in electric and HEV for ATVs. It introduces a new transmission system based on few- tooth - deference planetary gear powertrain coupling system with biased bent shaft (FPS), which have been applied in powertrain coupling system of the multipurpose light electric and HEV for ATV. The research results show that the proposed FPS meets the performance requirement for entire vehicle (ATV), especially in regard infinitely variable speed. The method and the obtained result provide the basis design theory for the low-speed vehicles (that is, agricultural vehicles) and multipurpose light electric and HEVs. The technology has been applied to ATVs in Ningbo Saiting Electric Bicycle Science & Technology CO., LTD, and is applying for nation invention patent.
Kinetics and mechanism of the germane decomposition (1980)

Abstract The homogeneous gas‐phase thermal decomposition kinetics of germane have been measured in a single‐pulse shock tube between 950 and 1060 K at pressures around 4000 torr. The initial decomposition is GeH 4 → GeH 2 + H 2 in its pressure‐dependent regime, with log k = 13.83 ± 0.78 – 50,750 ± 3570 cal/2.303 RT . RRKM calculations suggest that the high‐pressure Arrhenius parameters are log k GeH 4 (M → ∞) = 15.5 – 54,300 cal/2.303 RT . Extrapolations to static system pyrolysis conditions ( T ∼ 600 K, P ∼ 200 torr) give homogeneous reaction rates which are much slower than those observed, hence the static system pyrolysis of germane must be predominantly heterogeneous. Shock‐initiated pyrolysis reaction stoichiometry is 2 mol H 2 per mole GeH 4 , suggesting that the subsequent decomposition of germylene is essentially quantitative. Investigations of the hydrogen product yields for pyrolysis of GeD 4 in øCH 3 further indicate that the germylene decomposition reaction is mainly GeH 2 → H 2 + Ge, but that a small amount of reaction to H atoms may also occur.