gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reformulated Red Mud: a Robust Catalyst for In Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass (2020)

Biomass feedstocks contain inorganic compounds generally classified as ash. The ash consists of compounds of potassium, calcium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus. and other elements. These elements have been reported to influence both the pyrolysis reactions as well as the destabilization of the pyrolysis oils during storage. The inorganic elements have also been reported to deposit on catalyst surfaces during in situ catalytic pyrolysis leading to the eventual deactivation of acidic catalysts such as zeolites. The deposition of inorganic elements and their effects on formulated red mud (FRM) catalyst during in situ catalytic pyrolysis of pinyon juniper wood was investigated. The inorganic elements were measured for the fresh, coked, and regenerated catalysts. The BET specific surface area of the FRM catalyst decreased from 76 m2/g for the fresh catalyst to 53 m2/g for the stable regenerated catalyst. After three regenerations, the BET specific surface area stabilized at 53 m2/g and remained constant after all other regenerations. Potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus were deposited on the catalyst. Potassium deposition was linear with the number of regenerations while magnesium and calcium depositions were initially rapid but leveled-off after three regenerations of the catalyst. Phosphorus deposition was almost linear, but the data were more scattered compared to that of potassium. The potassium deposition was attributed to physical phenomenon whereas calcium and magnesium depositions were more akin to chemical reactions related to the loss of BET surface area of the catalyst. The deposition of these elements on the surface of the catalyst did not deactivate it. After each catalyst regeneration, the oil yield was not significantly affected and the oil oxygen content and viscosity decreased slightly. This clearly showed that formulated red mud is a robust catalyst suitable for in situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass.
Speeding Up Elliptic Curve Multiplication with Mixed-base Representation for Applications to SIDH Ciphers (2019)

Elliptic curve multiplications can be improved by replacing the standard ladder algorithm's base 2 representation of the scalar multiplicand, with mixed-base representations with power-of-2 bases, processing the n bits of the current digit in one optimized step. For this purpose, we also present a new methodology to compute, for Weierstrass form elliptic curves in the affine plane, operations of the type mP+nQ where m and n are small integers. This provides implementations with the lower cost than previous algorithms, using only one inversion. In particular, the proposed techniques enable more opportunities for optimizing computations, leading to an important speed-up for applications based on elliptic curves, including the post-quantum cryptosystem Super Singular Isogeny Diffie Hellman (SIDH).
Etude de la propagation à haute vitesse d'une fissure au travers d'un interface (1988)

These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 737 (1988)Laboratoire des polymeres Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-737Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2017-05-10
An Ontology-Based Framework for Autonomic Classification in the Internet of Things (2011)

The advent of ontology systems has brought inference capabilities to database systems. Also, the number of interconnected objects is constantly growing, thus forming a new paradigm for the Internet of the future, where not only will any single device be accessible and usable from anywhere and at anytime, but also, the system will be able to self--organize and adapt to external agents. This paper focuses on the description and the realization of an ontology system for wireless sensors and actuators networks dealing with heterogeneous device integration and composite event detection. The system has been developed with widely accepted tools such as protege and Pellet and has been implemented on the server of a wireless sensor network testbed that features 350 devices and is fully IPv6 compliant. The main features of the proposed system are the complete interoperability thanks to the support of advanced web languages on constrained devices, the capability of classifying any node of the network according to its sensors and its geographic position, and a general method for detecting events and anomalies among the data collected by the network. Finally, the paper provides evidence of the viability of the approach by describing its implementation and showing the results of a first experimental campaign.
Diplopia and Strabismus in Orbital Blowout Fractures (1994)

Diplopia and restriction of ocular movements are common sequelae of orbital blowout fractures. The initial evaluation of diplopia with careful follow-up of these patients can be useful in the decision making process as to when or if to institute surgical intervention. Many patients have a complete resolution of diplopia and strabismus without surgical intervention. A review of the surgical experience at the University of Wisconsin over a 23-month period revealed that most patients had multiple system trauma including the orbit and were initially treated by non-ophthalmic specialists. Motor vehicle accidents, sports and fighting were responsible for 75% of the injuries. In two cases, both female, physical abuse was implicated.Two of twenty-one patients suffered severe facial trauma and had no light perception in the injured eye. Fifteen of the remaining 19 (78%) complained of diplopia. Restriction of ocular movement, most commonly to elevation, was present in all of these patients.Surgical intervention occurred, on average, eleven days after the injury and diplopia was improved in all but three cases five months after injury. Two cases (9.5%) had persistent diplopia and required strabismus surgery after repair of the orbital fracture. One patient was corrected with prisms alone.
Modeling and analysis of regular symmetrically structured power/ground distribution networks (2002)

In this paper we propose a novel and efficient methodology for modeling and analysis of regular symmetrically-structured power/ ground distribution networks. The modeling of inductive effects is simplified by a folding technique which exploits the symmetry in the power/ground distribution. Furthermore, employment of susceptance [10,11] (inverse of inductance) models enables further simplification of the analysis, and is also shown to preserve the symmetric positive definiteness of the circuit equations. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can provide up to 8x memory savings and up to10x speedup over the already efficient simulation based on the original sparse susceptance matrix without loss of accuracy. Importantly, this work demonstrates that by employing limited regularity, one can create excellent power/ground distribution designs that are dramatically simpler to analyze, and therefore amenable to more powerful global design optimization.
Site-specific Crosslinking Coupled with Mass Spectrometry as a Structural Tool in Studies of the Human α 1 Glycine Receptor (2020)

Abstract Recent advances in mass spectrometry coupled with chemical crosslinking (CX-MS) can be applied for the structural interrogation of macromolecular complexes to identify statedependent distance constraints and provides a powerful complementary technique to other structural methods. In this study, we develop a CX-MS approach to identify the sites of crosslinking from a single targeted location within the human glycine receptor (GlyR) in a single apo/resting state. The GlyR belongs to the family of pentameric ligand-gated ion channel receptors that function in fast neuronal transmission. A single cysteine residue was re-introduced into Cys null GlyR construct at position 41 within the extracellular domain of an overexpressed human a1 homomeric GlyR. After purification and reconstitution into vesicles, a methanethiosulfonate benzophenone heterobifunctional crosslinker was attached via formation of a disulfide bond, and the resting receptor is subsequently photocrosslinked. Monomeric and oligomeric bands from SDS-PAGE gels were then trypsinized and analyzed by tandem MS in bottom-up studies. Dozens of intra- and inter-subunit sites of crosslinking were differentiated and identified from single gel bands (pmols of purified GlyR), showing the utility of this approach to identify a diverse array of distance constraints of GlyR in its resting state. These studies highlight the potential of CX-MS as an experimental approach to identify state-dependent crosslinks of full length integral membrane protein assemblies in a native-like lipid environment.
[Regenerative medicine for the joints]. (2002)

Each joint must have a certain range of motion, the stability and mobility. The joints sustain the great force caused by musculoskeletal motion. Once the articular cartilage is damaged, regeneration of the complete articular cartilage does not occur. Numerous treatments to repair full-thickness defects in articular cartilage have been undertaken, however, osteochondral defects present practical problems. According to the progress of regenerative medicine, effective treatments have been developed. This review examines the current techniques used in managing osteochondral defect.
Investigation of fluorinated polyacrylate latex with core–shell structure (2005)

Abstract Fluorinated polyacrylate latices with core–shell structure were prepared by semi‐continuous emulsion polymerization, using a mixed emulsifier system composed of a reactive emulsifier and a small amount of anionic emulsifier. The conversion and chemical components of the final latices were studied by gravimetric methods and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, respectively. The structure of the latex particles was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analysis. The latex films exhibited a low surface energy and high water‐contact angles. The surface analysis from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that the fluorinated components preferentially self‐organized at the film–air interface. From XPS depth profiling of the film, it was found that a gradient concentration of fluorine existed in the structure of the latex film from the film–air interface to the film–glass interface. Compared with the core–shell structure with a fluorinated core, the core–shell structure with a fluorinated shell was more effective for modifying the properties of the latex films. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Biochemical Properties and Cellular Localization of the DG1 cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase (1996)

The protein encoded by the Drosophila cGMP-dependent protein kinase gene, DG1, was expressed in Sf9 cells. cGMP (10 microM) stimulated histone H2B phosphorylation by the DG1 protein kinase 20-fold. Maximal activity was observed at 40-50 mM Mg2+. The concentrations of cGMP, cAMP, cIMP, 8-bromo-cGMP, and 8-bromo-cAMP that gave 50% activation were 0.19 +/- 0.06, 11.7 +/- 2.8, 5.3 +/- 1.5, 0.04 +/- 0. 01, and 0.62 +/- 0.06 microM, respectively. cGMP activation was cooperative with a Hill coefficient (nH) of 1.28 +/- 0.10, whereas activation by cAMP was not cooperative. DG1 kinase expressed in Sf9 cells was found to be a dimer with an amino-terminal dimerization domain. It also autophosphorylated in a reaction stimulated by cGMP and cAMP. Immunoadsorbed DG1 protein from fly extracts was also capable of autophosphorylation, and this assay was used to quantitate the DG1 kinase in extracts from heads and bodies of adults and whole embryos. Activity was highest in heads of either sex and male bodies, intermediate in female bodies, and lowest in embryos. These results were in accord with DG1 mRNA abundance. Tissue distribution of the DG1 kinase was investigated by immunohistochemistry. In embryos, specific immunoreactivity was observed in large cells scattered along the anterior-posterior axis at stage 13. Prominent staining of adult heads was restricted to the proximal level of the lamina cortex.
Glutamine Synthetase GlnA1 Is Essential for Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Human THP-1 Macrophages and Guinea Pigs (2003)

To assess the role of glutamine synthetase (GS), an enzyme of central importance in nitrogen metabolism, in the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we constructed a glnA1 mutant via allelic exchange. The mutant had no detectable GS protein or GS activity and was auxotrophic for L-glutamine. In addition, the mutant was attenuated for intracellular growth in human THP-1 macrophages and avirulent in the highly susceptible guinea pig model of pulmonary tuberculosis. Based on growth rates of the mutant in the presence of various concentrations of L-glutamine, the effective concentration of L-glutamine in the M. tuberculosis phagosome of THP-1 cells was approximately 10% of the level assayed in the cytoplasm of these cells (4.5 mM), indicating that the M. tuberculosis phagosome is impermeable to even very small molecules in the macrophage cytoplasm. When complemented by the M. tuberculosis glnA1 gene, the mutant exhibited a wild-type phenotype in broth culture and in human macrophages, and it was virulent in guinea pigs. When complemented by the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium glnA gene, the mutant had only 1% of the GS activity of the M. tuberculosis wild-type strain because of poor expression of the S. enterica serovar Typhimurium GS in the heterologous M. tuberculosis host. Nevertheless, the strain complemented with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium GS grew as well as the wild-type strain in broth culture and in human macrophages. This strain was virulent in guinea pigs, although somewhat less so than the wild-type. These studies demonstrate that glnA1 is essential for M. tuberculosis virulence.
Detect and Avoid: An Ultra-Wideband/WiMAX Coexistence Mechanism (2007)

Abstract—Cognitive radios have been advanced as a technology for the opportunistic use of under-utilized spectrum wherein secondary devices sense the presence of the primary user and use the spectrum only if it is deemed empty. Spectral cognition of this form can also be used by regulators to facilitate the dynamic coexistence of different service types. An example of this is the operation of ultra-wideband (UWB) devices in WiMax bands – UWB devices must detect and avoid (DAA) WiMax devices in certain regulatory domains. In this article, we start by discussing various options for detection and avoidance. We then describe the obstacles faced in achieving robust detection and avoidance with an on-chip implementation of basic DAA functionality. Finally, we present measurement results for operation of a single UWB device with a WiMax system. This interaction also highlights the problem of dealing with listen before speak primaries where secondary transmission could interfere by blocking the primary’s access to the medium. I.
Surface properties of polyethylene grafted with triallyl cyanurate in the presence of an electron beam (1994)

Abstract The surface energy and thermodynamic work of adhesion of polyethylene grafted with triallyl cyanurate in the presence of an electron beam have been determined. The surface energy increased with the grafting level and with the irradiation dose up to 10 Mrad. A similar trend was observed with the work of adhesion. The changes in these surface properties were correlated with the concentration of the polar groups as measured by IR (infrared) spectroscopy and ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) studies. Keywords: Polyethylenegraftingsurface energywork of adhesionelectron beamESCA
Orthogonal Orientation of Chromonic Liquid Crystals by Rubbed Polyamide Films (2014)

Chromonic liquid crystals (CLCs) have drawn attention for applications to organic electronics and optical films as well as biological materials. Understanding the alignment mechanism of CLCs is important for those applications. Using a polarized transmission optical microscope, we observe the optical texture, dichroism, and birefringence of CLC films of sunset yellow (SSY) confined by polyamide (nylon) films that are rubbed with a brush. The films align with the stacks of SSY molecules oriented, surprisingly, perpendicular to the rubbing direction. We propose that this alignment is stabilized by molecular interaction between the stretched nylon chains and molecular grooves of the SSY stacks rather than elastic energy of the CLCs due to surface topography induced by the rubbing.
The mannose 6-phosphate receptor of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Compartmentalization of acid hydrolases in mutants with altered receptors. (1981)

The localization of acid hydrolases was examined in Chinese hamster ovary cells with defective mannose 6-phosphate receptors; these mutants had been shown to exhibit reduced uptake and altered binding of exogenously added acid hydrolase (Robbins, A. R., Myerowitz, R., Youle, R. J., Murray, G. J., and Neville, D. M., Jr. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 10618-10622). Cells were grown in the presence of [3H]mannose, alpha-L-iduronidase and beta-hexosaminidase were immunoprecipitated sequentially, electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and detected by fluorography. About 55% of the alpha-L-iduronidase and beta-hexosaminidase synthesized by the mutants in 12 h was found in the growth medium; parental cells secreted only approximately 15%. The mutants also secreted 2 to 6 times more alpha-mannosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and alpha-L-fucosidase than the parent as determined by measurements of enzyme activity. Intracellular levels of these enzymes were reduced in the mutants. The mutants secreted acid hydrolases in the precursor forms, within the cells these enzymes resided in lysosomes and were processed normally; thus, the mutants appeared aberrant only with respect to distribution of hydrolases between intracellular and extracellular compartments. [35S]methionine-labeled beta-hexosaminidase and alpha-L-iduronidase secreted by the mutants were taken up normally by both human fibroblasts and wild type CHO cells, and this uptake was inhibited by mannose 6-phosphate. Thus, the elevated secretion of acid hydrolases was not due to alteration of the mannose 6-phosphate recognition marker on the enzymes, but appears to result from alterations in the mannose 6-phosphate receptor.
Continuous Monitoring for Ventricular Arrhythmias During Exercise Tests (1979)

Exercise stress testing is being increasingly used to verify exercise-induced arrhythmia and to aid in assessing antiarrhythmic drug efficacy. The true prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia during exercise testing is underestimated by means other than continuous monitoring. We compared the yield of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) between a continuous recording system ("trendscription") and intermittent monitoring among 39 patients undergoing a total of 50 consecutive exercise studies. By intermittent monitoring, 22 (44%) of 50 of the exercise tests demonstrated VPBs; with trendscription, 31 (62%) exhibited such arrhythmia. Most striking, however, was a sixfold increase in the disclosure of complex and repetitive forms of VPBs (56 vs nine episodes). Thus, this form of monitoring presents a cost-efficient, on-line method that allows concentration on the patient during exercise as well as clear recording of all arrhythmic events.
Synthesis of 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyrazole ring systems through silver(I) ion-mediated ring-closure reaction (2019)

Fused pyrazole ring systems are common structural motifs of numerous pharmaceutically important compounds. Nevertheless, access to derivatives of the aromatic 2<i>H</i>-furo[2,3-<i>c</i>]pyrazole ring system is still quite limited, and their chemistry and functional properties remain largely underexplored. The current study investigates routes to construct this system from easily accessible starting materials using metal-catalyzed reactions. A simple and efficient procedure to access the 2<i>H</i>-furo[2,3-<i>c</i>]pyrazole ring system was developed by employing the silver(I) ion-mediated ring-closure reaction of 4-alkynyl-3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazoles as a key step. The required intermediate hydroxyalkynyl substrates for this reaction were prepared by a Pd-catalyzed coupling of 4-iodo-1-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-3-ol with ethyne derivatives. The structures of the obtained target compounds were unequivocally confirmed by detailed <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N NMR spectroscopic experiments, HRMS and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. This silver(I)-mediated 5-<i>endo-dig</i> cyclization of readily available 4-alkynyl-3-hydroxy-1<i>H</i>-pyrazoles can be used as an efficient method to access many novel 2,5-disubstituted 2<i>H</i>-furo[2,3-<i>c</i>]pyrazoles.
Novel Antenna-Integrated Photodiodes With Strained Absorbers Designed for Use as Terahertz Sources (2010)

We present experimental results on the performance of antenna-integrated photodiodes intended for use as photomixers to provide a tunable broadband source of terahertz (THz) radiation. In a balanced strain-absorber structure, we show that the introduction of strain has proved effective in enhancing the performance at frequencies above 500 GHz. A comparison of strained and unstrained devices confirms this claim. These structures are integrated with a range of antennas, including log periodic and slot-horn types, designed for wideband THz emission. Using the devices as photomixers for the outputs from a DFB laser and an external cavity laser in the 1550 nm telecom window, tunable emission is demonstrated over the range from 100 GHz to 1.8 THz.
Analgesic effect of intra-articularly administered morphine, dexmedetomidine, or a morphine-dexmedetomidine combination immediately following stifle joint surgery in dogs (2014)

Intra-articular administration of the morphine-dexmedetomidine combination provided longer-lasting postoperative analgesia, compared with either morphine or dexmedetomidine alone, in dogs undergoing TTA or TPLO.
Evolution of in-vehicle display technology and Innovation of the cockpit system (2018)

Display installed in all car, there are special specification requirements for in-vehicle displays not in consumer displays. What is special about specification are three points, improvement of design by blending into car interior, ensure the visibility from the driver's eye-point, safety function which ensure driver's safety as a device. Against these requirements, we will report since we achieved to ensure specific performance by unique technology development. We will show and share our future image of in-vehicle display.
Importance sampling using the semi-regenerative method (2002)

We discuss using the semi-regenerative method, importance sampling, and stratification to estimate the expected cumulative reward until hitting a fixed set of states for a discrete-time Markov chain on a countable state space. We develop a general theory for this problem and present several central limit theorems for our estimators. We also present some empirical results from applying these techniques to simulate a reliability model.
Distributed Controller Communication in Virtual Power Plants Using Smart Meter Gateways (2018)

A virtual power plant (VPP) is a distributed power plant aggregating the capacity of multiple small distributed energy resources (DERs) and acts as a single entity at the energy markets. The VPP needs a secure communication infrastructure to monitor, coordinate, and control the DERs. This work describes how a smart meter gateway (SMGW) according to the German regulations can be used to provide a secure communication channel between the central VPP aggregator and distributed DER controllers.