gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of Materials Used for Internal Ureteral Stents (1993)

The materials used in the fabrication of self-retained internal ureteral stents should provide strength, flexibility, low surface friction, radiopacity, biodurability, biocompatibility, and reasonable unit cost. Polymeric biomaterials currently used for stent construction include polyurethane, silicone, Silitek, C-Flex, and Percuflex. Comparative evaluation of these materials in the context of the requirements for stent structure and function suggests advantages and disadvantages for all of them. We believe that the most important attributes for an internal ureteral stent are ease of insertion, effective restoration and maintenance of flow, resistance to migration, significant biodurability, and biocompatibility. Based on our physical testing of stents fabricated from these materials, as well as clinical and laboratory experience, we believe that C-Flex and Percuflex are the most suitable materials for stent construction.
Design Considerations for Oil-Based, Squeeze Cement Slurries to Prevent Unwanted Fluid Production: Methods of Slurry Performance Evaluation and Potential Formulation Improvements (2012)

Abstract Nonaqueous cement slurries have been used for many years to prevent unwanted water or gas production and to repair holes/cracks or other pathways that could have formed in the casing, cement column, or at the interface. Such slurries were forced or squeezed into flow channels and allowed to contact water being produced or otherwise inherently present. Exposure of cement to water presumably allows for setting of cement, thereby plugging the flow pathway. These nonaqueous cement slurries primarily contained cement, a nonaqueous fluid, and an oil-wetting surfactant. It was generally assumed that contact between cement and water allowed setting of the entire cement mass with ensuing good strength development, even though an efficient dynamic mixing of cement and water under downhole conditions is unlikely. In the laboratory, this is typically demonstrated by mixing (by means of agitation) the slurry and the required amount of water, allowing it to set at well temperatures and measuring strengths. Laboratory mixing under quiescent conditions by addition of water to the top of nonaqueous cement slurry with no agitation, and allowing it to cure for many days, demonstrated setting of cement only at the interface as a thin solid film, while the remaining slurry was unset. It was not obvious whether the presence of set cement at the fluid interface prevented further ingress of water into the cement slurry, or if the cement particles in the bulk slurry remained too oil wet to allow hydration reactions. It was also not obvious whether a totally quiescent, totally dynamic, or an intermediate level contact between water and cement slurry truly simulated the downhole situation, accounting for the success of the technology. A surfactant combination was designed to allow deeper penetration of water into cement slurry under quiescent conditions. Details are presented.
A practical guide for the use of indocyanine green and methylene blue in fluorescence‐guided abdominal surgery (2018)

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is gaining clinical acceptance over the last years and has been used for detection of lymph nodes, several tumor types, vital structures and tissue perfusion. This review focuses on NIR fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green and methylene blue for different clinical applications in abdominal surgery with an emphasis on oncology, based on a systematic literature search. Furthermore, practical information on doses, injection times, and intraoperative use are provided.
Differential localization of distinct CD4 T cell subsets in the female genital tract during the menstrual cycle is regulated by CCR5 (2017)

Abstract CD4 T cells are essential for optimal immune responses against sexually transmitted infections, yet the composition of the CD4 T cell pool localized in the female genital tract (FGT), and the impact of the menstrual cycle on the CD4 T cell population dynamics in the FGT, remains poorly defined. Here we show the FGT CD4 T cell pool is comprised of distinct subsets of memory CD4 T cells based upon trafficking profile, anatomic regionalization, and effector responses. Based on expression of trafficking and tissue retention markers, FGT CD4 T cells are comprised of both migratory memory (TMM) and resident memory (TRM), with TMM expressing a broad array of trafficking markers that would enable their ability to perform immune surveillance in diverse tissues. Furthermore, these subsets differ in both their regionalization throughout the FGT and in their cytokine responses, notably IL-2 production. The frequency of TMM in the FGT increased during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and correlated with increased CCR5 expression on circulating memory CD4 T cells. Using a dual adoptive transfer mouse model, we observed that CCR5-mediated trafficking was required for the localization of memory CD4 T cells to the luminal surface of the FGT. In addition, to test cycle influence on T cell trafficking into the FGT, we administered a CCR5 antagonist to pigtail macaques at different stages of the menstrual cycle and found that inhibition of CCR5 signaling selectively reduced TMM numbers solely at luteal time points. Together, these data provide broader insight into role that distinct tissue resident CD4 T cell subsets play in barrier defenses at the FGT and also demonstrate a role for the menstrual cycle in modulating immune protection through CCR5 signaling.
Consensus and Cooperation in Networked Multi-Agent Systems (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper provides a theoretical framework for analysis of consensus algorithms for multi-agent networked systems with an emphasis on the role of directed information flow, robustness to changes in network topology due to link/node failures, time-delays, and performance guarantees. An overview of basic concepts of information consensus in networks and methods of convergence and performance analysis for the algorithms are provided. Our analysis framework is based on tools from matrix theory, algebraic graph theory, and control theory. We discuss the connections between consensus problems in networked dynamic systems and diverse applications including synchronization of coupled oscillators, flocking, formation control, fast consensus in small-world networks, Markov processes and gossip-based algorithms, load balancing in networks, rendezvous in space, distributed sensor fusion in sensor networks, and belief propagation. We establish direct connections between spectral and structural properties of complex networks and the speed of information diffusion of consensus algorithms. A brief introduction is provided on networked systems with nonlocal information flow that are considerably faster than distributed systems with lattice-type nearest neighbor interactions. Simulation results are presented that demonstrate the role of small-world effects on the speed of consensus algorithms and cooperative control of multivehicle formations. </para>
Solid polymerization of Nylon 66. (1988)

ナイロン66ペレットを用いてポリマー融点より低い温度領域で重縮合反応を行なう「固相重合」について,反応の進行,ポリマー重合度に影響をおよぼす技術変数,固体ポリマーの形態による不均一反応の可能性を検討した。ポリマー重合度のパラメーターである相対粘度は,ペレットの初期水分に関係なく加熱時間に対し直線的に増大し,反応速度は温度によって一義的に決まる。固相重合したペレットを再溶融すると190℃ 以下の温度で固相重合したものは相対粘度が増大し,200℃ 以上の固相重合ポリマーでは相対粘度の低下が見られた。比較的低い固相重合温度ではペレットの乾燥速度が重縮合反応速度に対してすみやかで,乾燥が先行するため,再溶融時にさらに重縮合が進行するが,高温で固相重合を行なった場合は重縮合反応速度がペレットの乾燥に迫随できる程度に速く,再溶融の高い温度における重縮合平衡定数の低下により重合度が低くなるものと考えられる。大口径モデルロッドを固相重合し,半径方向の相対粘度分布を測定したところ,表面層と中心部において相対粘度が高く,中間部は低い傾向が見られた。しかしながら,小粒のペレットではこのような相対粘度の分布は認められなかった。
Hand shape identification using palmprint alignment based on intrinsic local affine-invariant fiducial points (2014)

Palmprint is the mostly popular biometrics used in security system. However, it is difficult to acquire the palmprint features with the common problems of pose, lighting, orientation, gesture etc. of palmprint image. So, these problems have the effect to reduce the level of confidence in personal authentication. In this paper, we proposed a new hand shape identification using palmprint alignment without guidance pegs algorithm for improving the level of confidence in palmprint identification system. The palmprint alignment based on a set of fiducial points which are intrinsic, local and preserved under affine transformation. The fiducial points are relative affine invariant to affine transformations, they allow for alignment where position of the palm relative to camera orientation can be arbitrary set. Moreover, before palmprint alignment process, the web camera which was used to capture the palmprint image was calibrated by Camera Calibration Toolbox developed by Jean-Yves Bouguet. The performance of the identification algorithm was tested in 2 types: intra-class identification and inter-class identification. The intra-class identification has the most of distance map error was started from 1.4 pixels to 4.5 pixels and the inter-class identification has 18 percent equal error rate.
Phase Matching of High-Order-Harmonic Generation by Guided Femtosecond Laser Pulses (1999)

High-order-harmonic generation (HHG) [1] by the interaction of femtosecond high- intensity laser pulses with a gaseous medium has been extensively studied since it has promising potential for use as a coherent extreme ultraviolet and soft-X-ray source as an alternative to soft-x-ray lasers or synchrotron radiation sources.
Crystallization in oriented polymers: A framework for analyzing orientation distributions (1983)

Abstract A framework is presented for analyzing the changes that occur in the orientation distribution of polymer segments when crystallization occurs in an initially amorphous precursor. Existing theories which relate crystalline orientation distribution to that of the precursor can be incorporated in this framework in a straightforward manner. The orientation distribution of segments that remain uncrystallized is inferred from a kinetic analysis of the incorporation of precursor segments into growing crystals. The relevance of such a framework in understanding polymer fabrication processes is discussed briefly with examples in fiber formation from the melt.
β and γ-Sarcoglycans are Decreased in the Detrusor Smooth Muscle Cells of the Partially Obstructed Rabbit Bladder (2008)

The levels of beta and gamma-sarcoglycan progressively change with obstruction with greater changes occurring in the levels of gamma-sarcoglycan. It is likely that alterations in the dystroglycan-glycoprotein complex are responsible for some of the changes in muscle physiology that occur as a consequence of obstruction.
Supplementary Figure S3 from PAXIP1 Potentiates the Combination of WEE1 Inhibitor AZD1775 and Platinum Agents in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;(A) WEE1 In vitro kinase assays. Purified GST-tagged WEE1 and active GST-CDK1 were incubated in the presence or absence of recombinant GST-PAXIP1 tBRCT C2. Arrows indicate the bands for auto-phosphorylated WEE1 and phosphorylated CDK1. Note the absence of a phosphorylated band corresponding to the expected size of the recombinant PAXIP1 tBRCT C2. (B) Experimental design timeline for cell cycle assays. (C-F) H322 cells transfected with: (C) empty vector; a vector expressing PAXIP1 (D); a vector containing a scrambled control shRNA (E) or PAXIP1 shRNA (F) were mock-treated or pre-treated with AZD1775 for 1 h prior to receiving 6 Gy of IR. Cells were incubated for 4 hours and cell cycle analysis was performed to test the mitotic index (percentage of phospho-histone H3 positive cells) at the early G2/M checkpoint post IR.&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of cellular responses induced by low level light in different cell types (2010)

Discoveries are rapidly being made in multiple laboratories that shed "light" on the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the use of low level light therapy (LLLT) in vitro, in animal models and in clinical practice. Increases in cellular levels of respiration, in cytochrome c oxidase activity, in ATP levels and in cyclic AMP have been found. Increased expression of reactive oxygen species and release of nitric oxide have also been shown. In order for these molecular changes to have a major effect on cell behavior, it is likely that various transcription factors will be activated, possibly via different signal transduction pathways. In this report we compare and contrast the effects of LLLT in vitro on murine embryonic fibroblasts, primary cortical neurons, cardiomyocytes and bone-marrow derived dendritic cells. We also examined two human cell lines, HeLa cancer cells and HaCaT keratinocytes. The effects of 810-nm near-infra-red light delivered at low and high fluences were addressed. Reactive oxygen species generation, transcription factor activation and ATP increases are reported. The data has led to the hypothesis that cells with a high level of mitochondrial activity (mitochondrial membrane potential) have a higher response to light than cells with low mitochondrial activity.
Supplementary Figure from Exploiting Dependence of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer on the Arginine Vasopressin Signaling Axis by Repurposing Vaptans (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Exploiting Dependence of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer on the Arginine Vasopressin Signaling Axis by Repurposing Vaptans
BMI1 silencing enhances docetaxel activity and impairs antioxidant response in prostate cancer (2010)

The BMI1 oncogene promotes prostate cancer (PC) progression. High B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI1) expression predicts poor prognosis in PC patients. Recent evidence suggests that BMI1 may also play a role in docetaxel chemoresistance. However, mechanisms and clinical significance of BMI1-related chemoresistance have not been investigated. For this purpose, BMI1 was silenced in 2 PC cell lines (LNCaP and DU 145). Cell proliferation and apoptosis after docetaxel treatment were measured. Guanine oxidation was assessed by in-cell western. Global gene expression analysis was performed on BMI1 silenced cells. Oncomine database was used to compare in vitro data with gene expression in PC samples. BMI1 silencing had no effect on cell proliferation but significantly enhanced docetaxel-induced antitumor activity. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that BMI1 silencing downregulates a set of antioxidant genes. Docetaxel treatment increased guanine oxidation, whereas the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine rescued docetaxel-induced cell death. Examination of clinical datasets revealed a positive correlation of BMI1 and antioxidant gene expression. BMI1-controlled antioxidant genes were predictive of poor prognosis in PC patients. In conclusion, BMI1 enhances antioxidant response, thereby allowing PC survival after docetaxel-based chemotherapy. BMI1-controlled antioxidant genes are overexpressed in aggressive PC and should be tested as predictors of chemotherapy failure.
Monolithic metal-oxide microsensor system in industrial CMOS technology (2003)

A novel monolithic gas sensing system is presented, which includes a microhotplate and advanced analog and digital circuitry for sensor control, signal readout and communication. An innovative design of a circular-shape microhotplate has been implemented and was optimized for use with a thick film of nanocrystalline tin dioxide as sensitive layer. Post-CMOS processing steps for an electrode metalization on wafer level were developed. The integrated circuitry consists of a programmable digital temperature controller, a logarithmic converter for the sensor signal, an on-chip temperature sensor, and a standard serial interface. The detection of less than 1ppm CO has been achieved with this system in gas test measurements.
Spatial-Temporal Attention-Convolution Network for Citywide Cellular Traffic Prediction (2020)

Cellular traffic prediction plays an important role in network management and resource utilization. However, due to the high nonlinearity and dynamic spatial-temporal correlation, it is challenging to obtain the traffic prediction accurately. In this letter, a spatial-temporal attention-convolution network is proposed to predict the citywide cellular traffic. Considering the temporal correlation of the cellular traffic, the traffic data is modeled by the hourly, daily and weekly traffic components independently. In each traffic component, the spatial-temporal attention module is designed to capture the dynamic spatial-temporal correlation of cellular traffic; the spatial-temporal convolution module utilizes the graph convolution and standard convolution to obtain the spatial and temporal features simultaneously. By considering the external factors, the prediction of final mobile traffic is obtained. Experiment results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms the existing prediction methods on the real-world cellular traffic datasets.
Carotid artery velocity patterns in normal and stenotic vessels. (1980)

Duplex scanning provides real time B-mode images of the carotid bifurcation vessels along with a single gate pulsed Doppler flow velocity detector. By using the B-mode output of the duplex system to measure the Doppler angle and spectrum analysis to measure the frequency content of the Doppler signal, instantaneous flow velocity can be calculated. Mean velocity at peak systole was calculated retrospectively in 68 common (CCA) and internal (ICA) carotid arteries of 39 patients who had undergone prior angiography and prospectively in 30 arteries of 15 healthy young controls. The ratio of mean peak ICA velocity to mean peak CCA velocity at systole (VICA/VCCA) was below 0.8 in all 36 normal arteries and above 1.5 in all 21 high-grade stenoses of 60% or greater diameter reduction. Sixty-one percent of 41 vessels with less than 10 to 55% diameter reduction had a velocity ratio between 0.8 and 1.5. Only 10% of all ICA's with any stenotic lesion were incorrectly classified as normal. VICA/VCCA appears to be an accurate indicator of the degree of ICA stenosis.
A theory for memory-based learning (1992)

A memory-based learning system is an extended memory management system that decomposes the input space either statically or dynamically into subregions for the purpose of storing and retrieving functional information. The main generalization techniques employed by memory-based learning systems are the nearest-neighbor search, space decomposition techniques, and clustering. Research on memory-based learning is still in its early stage. In particular, there are very few rigorous theoretical results regarding memory requirement, sample size, expected performance, and computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a model for memory-based learning and use it to analyze several methods— ε-covering, hashing, clustering, tree-structured clustering, and receptive-fields— for learning smooth functions. The sample size and system complexity are derived for each method. Our model is built upon the generalized PAC learning model of Haussler and is closely related to the method of vector quantization in data compression. Our main result is that we can build memory-based learning systems using new clustering algorithms [LiVb] to PAC-learn in polynomial time using only polynomial storage in typical situations.
High reliability electron-ejection method for high density flash memories (1995)

To minimize the electrical stress for electron-ejection of each flash memory cell, the variable word-line voltage (VVP) method and the variable pulse width (VVWP) method are proposed. Both methods make it possible to achieve high reliability while maintaining the total operating time of the conventional method, and both provide a sufficient disturb margin. Simulation results show that both methods reduce the maximum Fowler-Nordheim tunnel current density by 1.4 orders of magnitude compared to that of the conventional method, and the VVWP method increases the number of verifications by much less than the VVP method. This is expected to triple the charge-to-breakdown (Q/sub bd/) by decreasing the trap generation. A Q/sub bd/ higher than the injection charge as obtained, as needed for high density flash memories.
Adaptive proportional rate control for ABR service in ATM networks (2002)

The emergence of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) technology has generated new challenging problems for computer network designers. One of these challenges lies in the efficient management of ATM traffic so that the communication bandwidth of the network can be optimally utilized. Considerable standardisation efforts in recent ATM Forum activities have been centered on the traffic management of available bit rate (ABR) service. In this paper, we examine congestion control schemes for ABR service in ATM networks. We propose a rate-based scheme that is now referred to by the ATM Forum as 'intelligent congestion control' or 'intelligent marking'. This general rate-based framework has been adopted as the standard approach to congestion control for ABR service by the ATM Forum. Moreover, we present analytical and simulation results illustrating the characteristics of the proposed scheme.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Two Isomeric Naphthodithiophenes and Their Methyl, Methylthio and 2‐Thienyl Derivatives; Application to Conductive Charge‐Transfer Complexes and Low‐Bandgap Polymers. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Syn−Anti Isomerism in a Mixed-Ligand Oxorhenium Complex, ReO[SN(R)S][S] (1996)

The simultaneous action of the tridentate ligand (C(2)H(5))(2)NCH(2)CH(2)N(CH(2)CH(2)SH)(2) and the monodentate coligand HSC(6)H(4)OCH(3) on a suitable ReO(3+) precursor results in a mixture of syn- and anti-oxorhenium complexes, ReO[(C(2)H(5))(2)NCH(2)CH(2)N(CH(2)CH(2)S)(2)] [SC(6)H(4)OCH(3)], in a ratio of 25/1. The complexes are prepared by a ligand exchange reaction using ReO(eg)(2) (eg = ethylene glycol), ReOCl(3)(PPh(3))(2), or Re(V)-citrate as precursor. Both complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-vis, X-ray crystallography, and NMR spectroscopy. The syn isomer C(17)H(29)N(2)O(2)S(3)Re crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, a = 14.109(4) Å, b = 7.518(2) Å, c = 20.900(5) Å, beta = 103.07(1) degrees, V = 2159.4(9) Å(3), Z = 4. The anti isomer C(17)H(29)N(2)O(2)S(3)Re crystallizes in P2(1)/n, a = 9.3850(7) Å, b = 27.979(2) Å, c = 8.3648(6) Å, beta = 99.86(1) degrees, V = 2163.9(3) Å(3), Z = 4. Complete NMR studies show that the orientation of the N substituent chain with respect to the Re=O core greatly influences the observed chemical shifts. Complexes were also prepared at the tracer ((186)Re) level by using (186)Re-citrate as precursor. Corroboration of the structure at tracer level was achieved by comparative HPLC studies.