gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization-Based Automated Home Video Editing System (2004)

In this paper, we present an optimization-based system that automates home video editing. This system automatically selects suitable or desirable highlight segments from a set of raw home videos and aligns them with a given piece of incidental music to create an edited video segment to a desired length based on the content of the video and incidental music. We developed an approach for extracting temporal structure and determining the importance of a video segment in order to facilitate the selection of highlight segments. Additionally we extract a temporal structure, beats, and tempos from the incidental music. In order to create more professional-looking results, the selected highlight segments satisfy a set of editing rules and are matched to the content of the incidental music. This task is formulated as a nonlinear 0-1 programming problem and the rules, which are adjustable and increasable, are embedded as constraints. The output video is rendered by connecting the selected highlight video segments with transition effects and the incidental music. Under this framework, we can choose the best-matched music for a given video and support different output styles.
Acyl Coenzyme A Preference of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase from the Maturing Seeds of Cuphea, Maize, Rapeseed, and Canola (1987)

In their seed triacylglycerols, Cuphea carthagenensis contains 62% lauric acid; maize possesses 50% linoleic acid and 30% oleic acid; rapeseed (Brassica napus L. var Dwarf Essex) has 40% erucic acid; and Canola (Brassica napus L. var Tower) holds 60% oleic acid and 23% linoleic acid. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.20) in the microsomal preparations from maturing seeds of the above species were tested for their preference in using different forms of acyl coenzyme A (CoA). Lauroyl CoA, oleoyl CoA, and erucoyl CoA individually or in equimolar mixtures at increasing concentrations were added to the assay mixture containing diolein, and the formation of triacylglycerols from the acyl groups at 24, 32, and 40 degrees C was analyzed. The Cuphea enzyme preferred lauroyl CoA to oleoyl CoA, and was inactive on erucoyl CoA. The maize enzyme had about equal activities on oleoyl CoA and lauroyl CoA, and was inactive on erucoyl CoA. Enzymes from both rapeseed and Canola had the same pattern of acyl CoA preference, with highest activities on lauroyl CoA. The two enzymes were more active on oleoyl CoA than on erucoyl CoA at high acyl CoA concentrations (10 and 20 micromolar) at 24 degrees C, but were more active on erucoyl CoA than on oleoyl CoA at low acyl CoA concentrations (1.36 micromolar or less) at 32 and 40 degrees C. These findings are discussed in terms of the contribution of the enzyme to the acyl specificity in storage triacylglycerols and the implication in seed oil biotechnology.
Anticancer immunotherapies transition postcapillary venules into high-endothelial venules that generate TCF1+ T lymphocyte niches through a feed-forward loop (2021)

Summary The lack of T-cell infiltrates is a major obstacle to effective immunotherapy in cancer. Conversely, the formation of tumor-associated tertiary-lymphoid-like structures (TA-TLS), which are the local site of humoral and cellular immune responses against cancers, are associated with good prognosis and have recently been detected in Immune Checkpoint Blockade (ICB)-responding patients. However, how these lymphoid aggregates develop remains poorly understood. By employing scRNA sequencing, endothelial fate mapping, and functional multiplex immune profiling, we demonstrate that antiangiogenic immune-modulating therapies evoke the transition of postcapillary venules into inflamed high endothelial venules (HEVs), which generate permissive TA-TLS-like lymphocyte niches with PD1 neg and PD1 + TCF1 + CD8 T cell progenitors that differentiate into GrzB + TCF1 neg TIM3 + PD1 + CD8 T effector cells. Tumor-HEVs require continuous CD8 and NK cell-derived lymphotoxin signals revealing that tumor-HEV maintenance is actively sculpted by the adaptive immune system through a feed-forward loop. In Brief Hua &amp; Vella et al. reveal that effective antiangiogenic immunotherapy transitions postcapillary venules into inflamed high-endothelial venules (HEV), sustained by CD8 T and NK cell-derived signals through a feed-forward loop. Thereby, tumoral HEVs establish perivascular niches in which TCF1 + PD1+ lymphocytes expand and produce cytolytic PD1+ TIM3+ CD8 T cells that facilitate anti-tumoral immunity. Highlights High endothelial venule induction by anticancer immunotherapies generates perivascular immune niches permissive for TCF1 + PD1 + CD8 progenitor T cell expansion and production of TCF1 neg PD1 + TIM3 + CD8 effector T cells Tumoral high-endothelial venules exhibit characteristics of inflamed lymph node HEVs and postcapillary venules Postcapillary venules dynamically transdifferentiate into high-endothelial venules in tumors, which requires continuous signals from surrounding immune cells CD8 and NK cells drive tumoral high-endothelial venule formation during antiangiogenic immunotherapies in a feed-forward loop via lymphotoxin beta receptor signaling
IR Spectroscopy of Vacancy Clusters (Amber Centers) in CVD Diamonds Nanostructured by Fast Neutron Irradiation (2023)

We investigated the IR absorption spectra of CVD diamond damaged by fast neutrons (&gt;0.1 MeV) with high fluences ranging from 1 × 1018 to 2 × 1019 cm−2 and annealed at temperatures of 200 °C to 1680 °C. After annealing above 1000 °C, the formation of “amber-centers” (ACs), associated with multivacancy clusters, is detected as deduced from the appearance of a strong absorption line at 4100 cm−1. Moreover, the concentration of the ACs in the irradiated diamond can be an order of magnitude higher than that observed previously in the darkest brown natural diamonds. A number of other absorption lines, including the H1b center at 4936 cm−1 (0.612 eV) and new lines at ~5700 cm−1 (0.706 eV) and 9320 cm−1 (1.155 eV) not reported before in the literature, are observed, and their intensity evolutions at annealing temperatures are documented. At the highest fluences, all the lines show reduced intensities and broadening and spectral shifts due to a very high defect concentration and partial amorphization. The obtained experimental data can be used for the analysis of defect generation, transformations and healing in irradiated synthetic and natural diamonds.
Theoretical studies of diffusion processes down coincident tilt boundaries in NiO (1986)

Abstract Static minimization techniques have been used to study diffusion processes down coincident tilt boundaries in NiO. The activation energies calculated for cation vacancy hopping down grain boundaries were found to be significantly lower than the corresponding energy in bulk NiO. Indeed the ratios for the total activation energies of diffusion in the boundaries to the bulk value were found to range between 0·56 and 0·77 for the four boundaries considered. This compares favourably with the measured value of 0·7 for polycrystalline NiO. The total activation energy for anion interstitial diffusion was also found to be lower than the bulk value, but in this case the reduction was due to the large decrease in interstitial formation energy for the particular boundary considered.
Participant Preferences for the Development of a Digitally Delivered Gardening Intervention to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Cardiovascular Health: Cross-sectional Study (2023)

In a sample of potential web-based learners, participants were interested in a digitally delivered gardening program. They preferred brief videos for content delivery and suggested content topics that encompassed how to garden from planting to harvesting and cooking. The next step in this line of work is to identify target behavior change techniques and pilot test the intervention to assess participant acceptability and preliminary efficacy.
Risk stratification for sudden cardiac death in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (2018)

Abstract Sudden cardiac death is a major cause of death in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and mostly caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Risk stratification has become of paramount importance especially after the development of implantable cardioverter defibrillators that terminate life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmic episodes very reliably. Numerous attempts have been performed to identify accurate risk stratification tools. Unfortunately, the success of these attempts has been rather limited. A severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction has been convincingly shown to be associated with significantly increased mortality and risk for sudden cardiac death in ischaemic cardiomyopathy. For this reason, it is the main parameter used for risk stratification and for the decision to implant a cardioverter defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. However, left ventricular ejection fraction has several limitations as a stand-alone risk stratifier and has limited sensitivity and specificity. Several other tools have been proposed to improve risk prediction such as the patient's clinical profile, ventricular ectopy, microvolt T-wave alternans, signal-averaged electrocardiogram, markers of autonomic tone, and also invasive programmed ventricular stimulation. However, none of these techniques has managed to establish itself in clinical practice as a major method for risk stratification.
Correlative surface and bulk analysis of deep cryogenic treatment influence on high-alloyed ferrous alloy (2022)

In this study we investigate the effect of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) on a high-alloyed ferrous alloy (HAFA) to understand the resulting chemical and physical changes to the HAFA's microstructure and properties. Using multiple materials analysis techniques, we uncover the fundamental chemical changes to the HAFA with DCT, and link changes in material properties to changes in the microstructure. The increased carbide nucleation with DCT is linked to greater solute mobility resulting from the modified stress state of the material and modified chemical bonding of the solutes with the matrix. In turn this provides the possibility of prior formation of nucleation points for primordial carbide formation that act as accelerators for both nucleation and evolution of carbides. These result in modified chemical and microstructural homogeneity of the material that fundamentally led to changes in the surface properties and applicability of HAFA in advanced wear, corrosion and fatigue resistance demanding conditions.
Genetic Variation That Predicts Platinum Sensitivity Reveals the Role of miR-193b* in Chemotherapeutic Susceptibility (2012)

Platinum agents are the backbone of cancer chemotherapy. Recently, we identified and replicated the role of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs1649942) in predicting platinum sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Using the CEU samples from the International HapMap Project, we found the same SNP to be a master regulator of multiple gene expression phenotypes, prompting us to investigate whether rs1649942-mediated regulation of miRNAs may in part contribute to variation in platinum sensitivity. To these ends, 60 unrelated HapMap CEU I/II samples were used for our discovery-phase study using high-throughput genome-wide miRNA and gene expression profiling. Examining the relationships among rs1649942, its gene expression targets, genome-wide miRNA expression, and cellular sensitivity to carboplatin and cisplatin, we identified 2 platinum-associated miRNAs (miR-193b* and miR-320) that inhibit the expression of 5 platinum-associated genes (CRIM1, IFIT2, OAS1, KCNMA1, and GRAMD1B). We further replicated the relationship between the expression of miR-193b*, CRIM1, IFIT2, KCNMA1, and GRAMD1B, and platinum sensitivity in a separate HapMap CEU III dataset. We then showed that overexpression of miR-193b* in a randomly selected HapMap cell line results in resistance to both carboplatin and cisplatin. This relationship was also found in 7 ovarian cancer cell lines from NCI60 dataset and confirmed in an OVCAR-3 that overexpression of miR-193b* leads to increased resistance to carboplatin. Our findings highlight a potential mechanism of action for a previously observed genotype-survival outcome association. Further examination of miR-193b* in platinum sensitivity in ovarian cancer is warranted.
The Cytoskeletal basis of plant growth and form (1991)

Part 1 Molecules of the cytoskeleton: actin and actin-associated proteins, David W. McCurdy and Richard E. Williamson tubulin gene expression in higher plants, Patrick J. Hussey, et al the molecular pharmacology of plant tubulin and microtubles, Louis C. Morejohn potential significance of microtubule rearrangement, translocation and reutilization in plant cells, Barry A. Palevitz microtubule-associated proteins in higher plants, Richard J. Cyr cytoplasmic and nuclear intermediate filament antigens in higher plants, Peter J. Shaw, et al. Part 2 The cell wall: microtubule-mediated control of microfibril deposition - a re-examination of the hypothesis, Thomas H. Giddings Jr, and L. Andrew Staehelin the biochemistry of cellulose synthesis, Deborah P. Delmer architecture of the primary cell wall - a new model, Maureen McCann and Keith Roberts biochemistry of xyloglucans in regulating cell elongation and expansion, Takahisa Hayashi. Part 3 Directional cell expansion: regulation of cell expansion, Ulrich Kutschera microtubules and the regulation of cell morphogenesis by plant hormones, Hiroh Shibakoa role of the cytoskeleton in gravity perception, Andreas Sievers, et al in vitro xylogenesis, Robert W. Seagull and Marcia M. Falconer. Part 4 Mitosis: mitosis in plants, Anne-Marie Lambert, et al patterns of regulation during mitosis, Stephen M. Wolniak. Part 5 Determination of the division plan: the preprophase band, Susan M. Wick cytoskeleton elements of the phragmosome establish the division plane in vacuolated higher plant cells, Clive W. Lloyd the cytokinetic apparatus in meiosis - control of division plane in the absence of a preprophase band of microtubules, Roy C. Brown and Betty E. Lemmon. Part 6 The cytoskeleton in plant development: the cytoskeleton in ferm protonemal growth in relation to photomorphogenesis, Masamitsu Wada and Takashi Murata the cytoskeleton in moss morphogenesis, John H. Doonan mutual alignments of cell walls, cellulose and cytoskeletons, their role in meristems, Paul B. Green and Jeanne L. Selker.
Reinvestigating Groundwater Drought Using In Situ and GRACE Data (2023)

Groundwater plays a unique role in the terrestrial water cycle. It is one of the prime sources of water during periods of severe drought. Depletion of groundwater reaching certain thresholds substantially lead to the degradation of water quality. Among all the hydrological variables, it has a characteristics behavior due to its lagged response to precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil water content variations, and surface water variation due to anthropogenic activities. Groundwater drought has been studied in various regions in the world, which revealed significant correlation among hydrological factors, including precipitation, soil water content, and various terrestrial water storage. Terrestrial water storage variables used for monitoring groundwater drought are total water storage change (TWSC) and groundwater storage change (GWSC). While the TWSC can be estimated from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), GWSC can be estimated from in situ groundwater level within the network of well records using relevant hydrogeological information. Previous studies showed the ability and reliability of GRACE data in groundwater monitoring in the regions under extreme drought. Hydrological model outputs, e.g., the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), have been used to derive groundwater drought indicators that reached certain reliability. The present study conducts a systematic investigation on the ability of the GRACE data to reflect the groundwater drought conditions, by comparing in situ groundwater data, TWSC estimated from GRACE (TWSCGRACE), GWSC estimated from the conjuncture of GRACE and GLDAS (GWSCGLDAS), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and satellite land surface temperature. Further, by estimating the vadose zone water storage change (VZWC) using TWSC and in situ groundwater data (VZWCin situ), as well as using TWSC and GLDAS (VZWCGLDAS), we investigate the ability of GRACE and in situ data to monitor the vadose zone water content. Our results show that TWSCGRACE correlates better with in situ groundwater data as compared to GWSCGLDAS in all three study areas located in India, Australia, and Belgium, which are some of the hotspots suffering from intensive flash drought in the recent decade. TWSCGRACE shows stronger correlation and better consistency with SPI and land surface temperature as compared to in situ groundwater data. VZWCin situ correlates well with VZWCGLDAS but is limited to data availability from the well network. Results from GWSCGLDAS and VZWCGLDAS show that hydrological model outputs can serve as replacement or supplement to estimate GWSC and VZWC when in situ groundwater data is significantly missing.
Pooling Issues and Methods in Regression Analysis: Some Further Reflections (1978)

Recently, Brobst and Gates [3] provided comments on our article in which we discussed pooling issues and methods [1]. The main point Brobst and Gates appear to be making is that we should have used Wallace's test to determine whether pooling would be appropriate using weaker criteria than those inherent in the conventional homogeneity test. We will briefly comment on this aspect of our study, and discuss some other issues that we believe deserve further emphasis.
Author response: Are single-peaked tuning curves tuned for speed rather than accuracy? (2023)

Single-peaked tuning curves found in early sensory areas are more optimized for quick decoding than accuracy, while multi-peaked tuning curves (e.g. grid cells) give higher accuracy but only at longer time scales.
Applied Thermodynamics: For Engineering Technologists (1993)

1. Introduction And The First Law Of Thermodynamics. 2. The Working Fluid. 3. Reversible And Irreversible Processes. 4. The Second Law. 5. The Heat Engine Cycle. 6. Mixtures. 7. Combustion. 8. Steam Cycles. 9. Gas Turbine Cycles. 10. Nozzles And Jet Propulsion. 11. Rotodynamic Machinery. 12. Positive Displacement Machines. 13. Reciprocating Internal-Combustion Engines. 14. Refrigeration And Heat Pumps. 15. Psychometry And Air-Conditioning. 16. Heat Transfer. 17. The Sources, Use And Management Of Energy.
[Cardiac receptor imaging]. (2007)

Molecular imaging has been focused in the field of cardiovascular medicine. With use of suitable radiopharmaceuticals, neuronal function in the cardiovascular system has been assessed in vivo. Of particular, positron emission tomography(PET) plays an important role for in vivo quantification of various neurotransmitter and receptor functions. We have recently developed 11C-labeled CGP12177, hydrophilic beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist, to measure myocardial beta-receptor density(Bmax) in vivo. The basic study showed high uptake in the lung and myocardium which was significantly suppressed by propranolol pretreatment in the rat model, suggesting specific binding of this ligand in the beta-receptors. Bmax was significantly reduced in patients with congestive heart failure. In addition, Bmax was inversely correlated with washout rate of 123I-MIBG from the myocardium in these patients. These new imaging technique has a potential role for assessing severity of heart failure and providing appropriate treatment strategy.
Template-Directed Synthesis of Structurally Defined Branched Polymers (2015)

A grand challenge in materials chemistry is the synthesis of macromolecules and polymers with precise shapes and architectures. In this work, we describe a hybrid synthetic strategy to produce structurally defined branched polymer architectures based on chemically modified DNA. Overall, this approach enables precise control over branch placement, grafting density, and chemical identity of side branches. We utilize a two-step scheme based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for site-specific incorporation of non-natural nucleotides along the main polymer backbone, followed by copper-free “click” chemistry for grafting side branches at specific locations. In this way, linear DNA backbones are first synthesized via PCR by utilizing the promiscuity of a high yield thermophilic DNA polymerase to incorporate nucleotides containing bioorthogonal dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) functional groups at precise locations along one strand of the DNA backbone. Following PCR, copper-free “click” chemistry is used to attach synthetic polymer branches or oligonucleotide branches to the DNA backbone, thereby allowing for the synthesis of a variety of precise polymer architectures, including three-arm stars, H-polymers, and graft block copolymers. Branched polymer architectures are characterized using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. In a proof-of-principle demonstration, we synthesize miktoarm stars with AB2 structures via attachment of mPEG-azide branches (1 and 10 kDa) at precise locations along a DNA backbone, thereby expanding the chemical functionality of structurally defined DNA topologies.
Learning Multiscale Representations of Natural Scenes Using Dirichlet Processes (2007)

We develop nonparametric Bayesian models for multiscale representations of images depicting natural scene categories. Individual features or wavelet coefficients are marginally described by Dirichlet process (DP) mixtures, yielding the heavy-tailed marginal distributions characteristic of natural images. Dependencies between features are then captured with a hidden Markov tree, and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods used to learn models whose latent state space grows in complexity as more images are observed. By truncating the potentially infinite set of hidden states, we are able to exploit efficient belief propagation methods when learning these hierarchical Dirichlet process hidden Markov trees (HDP-HMTs) from data. We show that our generative models capture interesting qualitative structure in natural scenes, and more accurately categorize novel images than models which ignore spatial relationships among features.
Double-Layer Plate-Laminated Waveguide Slot Array Antennas for a 39GHz Band Fixed Wireless Access System (2013)

A point-to-point fixed wireless access (FWA) system with a maximum throughput of 1Gbps has been developed in the 39GHz band. A double-layer plate-laminated waveguide slot array antenna is successfully realized with specific considerations of practical application. The antenna is designed so as to hold the VSWR under 1.5. The antenna input as well as feeding network is configured to reduce the antenna profile as well as the antenna weight. In addition, integrating the antenna into a wireless terminal is taken into account. A shielding wall, whose effectiveness is experimentally demonstrated, is set in the middle of the wireless terminal to achieve the spatial isolation of more than 65dB between two antennas on the H-plane. 30 test antennas are fabricated by diffusion bonding of thin metal plates, to investigate the tolerance and mass-productivity of this process. An aluminum antenna, which has the advantages of light weight and anti-aging, is also fabricated and evaluated with an eye to the future.