gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances in Ultrasound Mediated Gene Therapy Using Microbubble Contrast Agents (2012)

Microbubble ultrasound contrast agents have the potential to dramatically improve gene therapy treatments by enhancing the delivery of therapeutic DNA to malignant tissue. The physical response of microbubbles in an ultrasound field can mechanically perturb blood vessel walls and cell membranes, enhancing drug permeability into malignant tissue. In this review, we discuss literature that provided evidence of specific mechanisms that enhance in vivo gene delivery utilizing microbubble contrast agents, namely their ability to 1) improving cell membrane permeability, 2) modulate vascular permeability, and 3) enhance endocytotic uptake in cells. Additionally, we review novel microbubble vectors that are being developed in order to exploit these mechanisms and deliver higher gene payloads with greater target specificity. Finally, we discuss some future considerations that should be addressed in the development of next-generation microbubbles in order to improve in vivo microbubble gene delivery. Overall, microbubbles are rapidly gaining popularity as efficient gene carriers, and combined with their functionality as imaging contrast agents, they represent powerful theranostic tools for image guided gene therapy applications.
Burying as a defensive response in rats. (1978)

In typical laboratory settings, the defensive reactions of animals appear to be limited tofreezing, fleeing, and attacking.However, in the present investigations, rats.tested in the presence of movable ma-> terial incorporated it into a striking and adaptive behavioural sequence.Rats shocked once through a stationary prod buried this shock ^source, even when the shocks-test interval was 20 days.This burying behaviour occurred at a variety of shock intensities and seemed to be controlled sp cifically by the relation between the shock and the prod; rats shocked through a grid did not bury the prod, and rats shocked by one of two identical prods buried only the shock-prod.Both the position and bright ness of the prod seemed to control the burying behaviour.When either of these cues was changed prior to the test, burying behaviour was disrupted compared to control conditions in which these cues were unaltered.Although burying was a directed and consistent response of rats to prod shock, it was not a simple, reflexive behaviour; rats could adapt their burying behaviour to changes in both the kind and disposition of burying materials.Thus, the usual assumption that the rat's defensive reper^toire is limited to a few simple behaviours appears to have been shaped by the constraints of standard testing environments rather than by the actual propensities of the rat.These results were discussed in terms of their implications for a "biological" approach to aversive learning.
OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communications (2014)

A blend of introductory material and advanced signal processing and communication techniques, of critical importance to underwater system and network development. This book, which is the first to describe the processing techniques central to underwater OFDM, is arranged into four distinct sections: First, it describes the characteristics of underwater acoustic channels, and stresses the difference from wireless radio channels. Then it goes over the basics of OFDM and channel coding. The second part starts with an overview of the OFDM receiver, and develops various modules for the receiver design in systems with single or multiple transmitters. This is the main body of the book. Extensive experimental data sets are used to verify the receiver performance. In the third part, the authors discuss applications of the OFDM receiver in i) deep water channels, which may contain very long separated multipath clusters, ii) interference-rich environments, where an unintentional interference such as Sonar will be present, and iii) a network with multiple users where both non-cooperative and cooperative underwater communications are developed. Lastly, it describes the development of a positioning system with OFDM waveforms, and the progress on the OFDM modem development. Closely related industries include the development and manufacturing of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and scientific sensory equipment. AUVs and sensors in the future could integrate modems, based on the OFDM technology described in this book.
Strength in Rotary Friction Welding of Five Dissimilar Nickel-Based Superalloys (2021)

Advanced manufacturing processes improve the cost and quality of goods. Rotary friction welding is a fast, energy-efficient, and reliable joining process for metals, but new applications are hindered by large development costs for each new alloy. Each alloy set has different welding characteristics; therefore, lessons learned from a single alloy are not always broadly applicable. To establish knowledge that is applicable across multiple alloys, a family of different superalloys were welded to discover process trends that were applicable beyond a single alloy set. In this study, weld symmetry did not correlate to weld strength across alloy systems. Some alloys’ strongest welds occurred at maximum symmetry, whereas high asymmetry was associated with different alloys’ maximum strength. High feed rates, high welding forces, low energy, and low temperatures all resulted in high-strength welds across all alloy and geometry combinations. Tensile strengths greater than 95% of base-metal strength were recorded for most alloy systems.
Etude comparative de divers types de volumes resonnants pour spectrometres a resonance paramagnetique electronique, en ondes metriques (1969)

This article describes a comparison of various resonators especially designed to be used for electronic ~~ ~ ~~~~ paramagnetic resonance at metre navelengths and lov, d.c.field.A comparison with classical quarter wave resonators shows that a similar but capacitively loaded resonant structure provides a substantial improvement in spectrometer sensitivity.A method for the measurement of the product of the filling factor and quality factor 7 Q is described and used for a comparison of various types of resonators at 210 MHz.
Neuroprotective effects of phenolic compounds isolated from Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora (2018)

Seon Min Oh, Doo Jin Choi, Hyoung-Geun Kim, Jae Won Lee, Young-Seob Lee, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Seung-Eun Lee, Geum-Soog Kim, Nam-In Baek, and Dae Young Lee. JABC 2018;61:397-403. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2018.056
Network Pharmacological Analysis on the Herbal Combinations for Mitigating Inflammation in Respiratory Tracts and Experimental Evaluation (2023)

The regulation of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and leukotriene B4, could play a crucial role in suppressing inflammatory diseases such as COVID-19. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of drug combinations comprising Ephedrae Herba, Schisandra Fructus, Platycodonis Radix, and Ginseng Radix; validated the anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs; and determined the optimal dose of the drug combinations. By constructing a herb-compound-target network, associations were identified between the herbs and tissues (such as bronchial epithelial cells and lung) and pathways (such as the TNF, NF-κB, and calcium signaling pathways). The drug combinations exerted anti-inflammatory effects in the RAW264.7 cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and leukotriene B4. Notably, the drug combinations inhibited PMA-induced <i>MUC5AC</i> mRNA expression in NCI-H292 cells. A design space analysis was carried out to determine the optimal herbal medicine combinations using the design of experiments and synergy score calculation. Consequently, a combination study of the herbal preparations confirmed their mitigating effect on inflammation in COVID-19.
Mangrove endophyte metabolites and herbivory-ecology of the bioactive niche (2015)

With such great species diversity, it is unsurprising that the mangrove ecosystem harbors many complex ecological interactions. Even within each mangrove we observe a world teeming with biodiversity- we enter the realm of endophytes. The diverse and innumerable fungal and bacterial species create a unique chemical environment, affecting not only the trees themselves, but also the other residents of the mangrove community. Isolated endophytes produce many bioactive metabolites, with pathogens one would associate with the tropical mangrove environment. We have begun to observe the ecological interactions these endophytes and their secondary metabolites have on the invertebrate herbivores that predate the three species of mangroves found in costal Florida, white (Laguncularia racemosa), red (Rhizophora mangle), and black (Avicenna germinans). Identification and quantification of leaf tissue damage alongside a metabolomic study of the fungal metabolites, allows us to outline the ecological significance for the endophytes.
Crystal engineering of nanomaterials: current insights and prospects (2021)

Nanocrystal engineering has evolved into a dynamic research area over the past few decades but is not properly defined. Here, we present select examples to highlight the diverse aspects of crystal engineering applied on inorganic nanomaterials.
Co-firing of RDF and coal in large steam power plant (2001)

Enel Produzione Ricerca is carrying out different projects to demonstrate the technical feasibility of re-use of waste to substitute part of conventional fuels in power station. Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF), obtained after mechanical processing of waste, can be fed to the combustion chamber directly or gasified using the synthesis gas (syngas) in a gas-turbine integrated in a combined cycle or in a coal-fired boiler as auxiliary fuel. The work was done in order to demonstrate the technical and economical feasibility of co-firing RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) and followed two main research lines - gasification of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and co-combustion of the gas in a conventional boiler; co-combustion of RDF with coal in a coal designed boiler. The scope of these research projects is to evaluate the maximum fraction of RDF, in terms of energy input, that can be used with coal without affecting boiler performance or damaging the existing components and respecting at the same time the emission limits fixed by the Italian law. Both the technologies co-combustion and gasification seem suitable and acceptable with some limitations. The gas produced by RDF in a conventional gasifier was analysed. A conventional flue gas cleaning system (scrubber) installed in a coal fired boiler could accept the gas coming from co-combustion. The increase of sodium, potassium and calcium content in the ash could cause an increase of its fouling tendency but still in the range of acceptance. During the next practical application much attention must be paid to the ash composition and to the soot-blowing procedures. 8 refs., 8 figs., 6 tabs.
Neurotransmitters behind pain relief with transcranial magnetic stimulation – positron emission tomography evidence for release of endogenous opioids (2017)

Neurobiological correlates of rTMS for the pain relief are unclear. rTMS on M1/S1 with <sup>11</sup> C-carfentanyl-PET activates endogenous opioids. Thermal and heat pain thresholds remain unchanged. rTMS induces top-down opioid-mediated inhibition but not change the sensory discrimination of painful stimuli.
Relations entre la microstructure 3D et les propriétés mécaniques dans des réfractaires électrofondus à très haute teneur en zircone (2010)

National audience
Dynamic Dictionary Design for SIP Signaling Compression (2009)

A new SIP signaling compression solution based on structured dynamic dictionary is proposed in this paper. A SIP compression mechanism based on dynamic-dictionary is designed for improving SIP signaling compression combined with LZSS algorithm. The new mechanism reduces the time complexity of compression algorithm and makes the use of memory more effective.
Perceptual Wavetable Matching for Synthesis of Musical Instrument Tones (2001)

Recent parameter matching methods for multiple wavetable synthesis have used a simple relative spectral error formula to measure how accurately the synthetic spectrum matches an original spectrum. It is supposed that the smaller the spectral error, the better the match, but this is not always true. A modified error formula is described, which takes into account the masking characteristics of our auditory system, as improved measure of wthe perceived quality of the matched spectrum. Selected instrument tones have been matched using both error formulas and resynthesized. Listening test results show that wavetable matching using the perceptual error formula slightly outperforms ordinary matching, especially for instrument tones that have several masked partials.
Use of monoclonal antibody to immunochemically characterize variant-specific surface coat glycoprotein from Trypanosoma rhodesiense. (1981)

Monoclonal antibodies were employed to study the molecular basis for charge heterogeneity in variant-specific surface coat glycoprotein prepared from clone CP3B4 of the Wellcome strain of Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Thirteen hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies specific for CP3B4 were obtained by fusing murine plasmacytoma cells to spleen cells from mice immunized with purified surface coat glycoprotein. The clone population of CP3B4 trypanosomes was shown to be homogeneous by means of immunofluorescent assays using culture supernatants from each of the 13 hybridomas. No cross-reactivity was found with other variant antigenic types of the same serodeme. Ascitic fluids were generated from 4 of the hybridomas and th molecular and epitopic specificities of the fluids or their IgG fractions were determined isoelectrofocusing of immunoprecipitates of radioiodinated glycoprotein antigen followed by autoradiography revealed that all 3 major components of the charge heterogeneous CP3B4 surface-coat glycoprotein were immunoprecipitated by each of the 4 monoclonal IgG fractions. Immunofluorescent staining of live trypanosomes was obtained with only one of the 4 ascitic fluids. The results show that charge heterogeneity does not derive from a heterogeneous population of parasites. Furthermore, the data indicate that there are at least 2 different epitopic specificities exhibited by the monoclonal antibodies tested and that each of the 3 charge heterogeneous components of the surface coat glycoprotein contains these epitopes. Charge heterogeneity of CP3B4 surface coat glycoprotein may be attributed to post-translational modification or to limited proteolysis.
Nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase controls behavior, neurodegeneration and lifespan by regulating neuronal autophagy (2018)

Nicotinamide N-methyl-transferase (NNMT) is an essential contributor to various metabolic and epigenetic processes, including the regulating of aging, cellular stress response, and body weight gain. Epidemiological studies show that NNMT is a risk factor for psychiatric diseases like schizophrenia and neurodegeneration, especially Parkinson's disease (PD), but its neuronal mechanisms of action remain obscure. Here, we describe the role of neuronal NNMT using C. elegans. We discovered that ANMT-1, the nematode NNMT ortholog, competes with the methyltransferase LCMT-1 for methyl groups from S-adenosyl methionine. Thereby, it regulates the catalytic capacities of LCMT-1, targeting NPRL-2, a regulator of autophagy. Autophagy is a core cellular, catabolic process for degrading cytoplasmic material, but very little is known about the regulation of autophagy during aging. We report an important role for NNMT in regulation of autophagy during aging, where high neuronal ANMT-1 activity induces autophagy via NPRL-2, which maintains neuronal function in old wild type animals and various disease models, also affecting longevity. In younger animals, however, ANMT-1 activity disturbs neuronal homeostasis and dopamine signaling, causing abnormal behavior. In summary, we provide fundamental insights into neuronal NNMT/ANMT-1 as pivotal regulator of behavior, neurodegeneration, and lifespan by controlling neuronal autophagy, potentially influencing PD and schizophrenia risk in humans.
Combined treatment with immunoadsorption and rituximab leads to fast and prolonged clinical remission in difficult-to-treat pemphigus vulgaris (2011)

The present findings show that the combination of IA and Rtx induces rapid clinical remission and long-term control in difficult-to-treat pemphigus.
Regioselective cyanation of pyridine 1-oxides with trimethylsilanecarbonitrile: a modified Reissert-Henze reaction (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective cyanation of pyridine 1-oxides with trimethylsilanecarbonitrile: a modified Reissert-Henze reactionWilmer K. FifeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 8, 1375–1377Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00156a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00156a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2990Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
BGP-4 Protocol Document Roadmap and Implementation Experience (1994)

Border Gateway Protocol v4 (BGP-4) [1] is an inter-Autonomous System
routing protocol. It is built on experience gained with BGP as defined
in RFC-1267 [2] and BGP usage in the connected Internet as described
in RFC-1268 [3]. This memo provides information for the Internet
community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any
kind.
The principle of a gate obtained by laser irradiation of a thin superconductor film (1987)

It is shown that it will be possible to obtain rapid logic gates (in the 10-10 s response time) by laser irradiation of thin high-temperature superconductor films.
Soil Fate of Agricultural Fumigants in Raised-Bed, Plasticulture Systems in the Southeastern United States (2011)

Soil concentrations and degradation rates of methyl isothio-cyanate (MITC), chloropicrin (CP), 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were determined under fumigant application scenarios representative of commercial raised bed, plastic mulched vegetable production systems. Five days after application, 1,3-D, MITC, and CP were detected at concentrations up to 3.52, 0.72, and 2.45 μg cm, respectively, in the soil atmosphere when applications were made in uniformly compacted soils with a water content >200% of field capacity and covered by a virtually impermeable or metalized film. By contrast, DMDS, MITC, and CP concentrations in the soil atmosphere were 0.81, 0.02, and 0.05 μg cm, respectively, 5 d after application in soil containing undecomposed plant residue, numerous large (>3 mm) clods, and water content below field capacity and covered by low-density polyethylene. Ranked in order of impact on the persistence of fumigants in soil were soil water content (moisture), soil tilth (the physical condition of soil as related to its fitness as a planting bed), the type of plastic film used to cover fumigated beds, and soil texture. Fumigants were readily detected 13 d after application when applied in uniformly compacted soils with water contents >200% of capacity and covered by a virtually impermeable or metalized film. By contrast, 1,3-D and MITC had dissipated 5 d after application in soils with numerous large (>3 mm) clods and water contents below field capacity that were covered by low-density polyethylene. Soil degradation of CP, DMDS, and MITC were primarily attributed to biological mechanisms, whereas degradation of 1,3-D was attributed principally to abiotic factors. This study demonstrates improved soil retention of agricultural fumigants in application scenarios representative of good agricultural practices.
Restriction of single-stranded M13 DNA using synthetic oligonucleotides: the structural requirement of restriction enzymes (1987)

A targeted ss (single stranded) DNA cleavage technique is reported which involves the use of synthetic oligomers complementary to the ss M13 DNA polylinker. BamHI, SmaI, and KpnI restriction enzymes were tested with a partial duplex DNA formed from ss M13 DNA and a nested series of fragments derived from a synthetic 21-mer which were complementary to the polylinker region. These enzymes require up to two flanking nucleotides in addition to the hexameric recognition site for efficient cleavage. This technique could be useful for effecting unique cleavages of DNA with enzymes which generally give a large number of fragments and for strategies of ss DNA manipulation.
Wireless circuit and system design: a new undergraduate laboratory (2002)

This paper describes an innovative new integrated lecture/laboratory course for electrical engineering juniors. The course, designed as the second course in a year-long sequence in electromagnetics, brings to life fundamental principles of electromagnetics through study of the circuit, signal, and system concepts used in today's wireless communication systems. The course is taught in a new lab whose state-of-the-art fabrication, measurement, and computing facilities provide hands-on experience in design, measurement, analysis, and simulation of circuits and systems.
Dažniausi hospitalizuotų pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų sveikatos sutrikimai (2009)

Atlikus tyrimą nustatyti dažniausi pagyvenusio amžiaus žmonių, hospitalizuotų į vidaus ligų skyrių, sveikatos sutrikimai: depresijos simptomai, dauginė patologija, atminties ir pusiausvyros sutrikimai, sensorinių pojūčių pokyčiai, judėjimo, suvokimo sutrikimai bei mažesnis arba didesnis funkcinis nesavarankiškumas. \nVyresnių pacientų amžius, lytis bei potencialūs rizikos veiksniai neigiamai susiję su daugeliu pagyvenusio amžiaus žmonių fizinės ir psichinės sveikatos aspektų. \nVyresnis amžius didino pagyvenusio amžiaus žmonių fizinės sveikatos bei funkcinės ir pažinimo funkcijų sutrikimus. Moterys dažniau nei vyrai nurodė svorio kritimą ir skundėsi skausmu. Pacientai, turėję atminties sutrikimų, dažniau patyrė griuvimą, atsirado pragulos, buvo nesavarankiški kasdienėje veikloje, turėjo depresijos ir delyro simptomų, nelaikė šlapimo ir išmatų bei skundėsi dvigubu nelaikymu. Nepakankamos mitybos, nelaikantys išmatų, turėję atminties, judėjimo sutrikimų ar ilgai negalėję vaikščioti dažniau turėjo pragulų (p&lt;0,05). \nStaiga pablogėjus sveikatai gydymas stacionare nevienareikšmiai įtakojo paciento sveikatos būklę: sumažėjo (ar išnyko) ryškūs psichinės sveikatos sutrikimai. Bendravimo sutrikimai ir kasdienė funkcinė veikla nepakito, šlapimo nelaikymas išliko. \nInstrumentinė kasdienė veikla, lyginant paciento gebėjimus iki hospitalizavimo ir tyrėjo numatytus gebėjimus išrašant iš ligoninės, pablogėjo. Išrašant pacientus iš ligoninės, sumažėjo antibiotikų ir padidėjo psichotropinių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]