gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
620 (2012)

Introduction: It takes an experienced multi-professional team to handle emergent airway situations. We created a Code Critical Airway team to manage airway emergencies. Critical (difficult) airway emergencies are increasing due to advances in medical treatments, obesity and sleep apnea. Hypothesis: Code Critical Airway Team education & training improves patient outcomes. Methods: Utilizing a complex framework with the goal of successful airway management outcomes, the project was divided into six components: 1) patient safety, includes the development of an airway management plan focused on improved team efficiency and culture change from “Panic Button” to “Bridge to Safety”; 2) patient assessment, includes the development of educational programs focusing on early recognition of potential critical airway patients; 3) teamwork, includes the development of improved communication, paging and handoff processes; 4) performance improvement, includes after-action reviews of each event to assess and address system and process issues; 5) equipment, includes the development of standardized airway equipment at the bedside and 6) team simulation training, includes consistency in communication, handoff, teamwork and equipment use. Results: The average time to establish an airway across all techniques has been drastically reduced (55 minutes to 22 minutes), noting the dramatic improvement in the time to reintubation (18 minutes to 5 minutes). The number of surgical airways required reduced from 5 pre-project to 0 in Phase Two. Thirty-one percent of the airway patients were obese or had a short thick neck. We have seen an increase in our respiratory distress calls versus respiratory arrest calls, reinforcing the benefit of proactive over reactive calling. Code Critical Airway education programs improved the number of appropriate Code Critical Airways being called, as well as improved overall Code Critical Airway Team response time. As a by-product of this process, reliability of available appropriate airway equipment is now 100%. Conclusions: Hospitals should develop a specialized airway team to decrease adverse airway events.
A Model-Based Approach to Trial-By-Trial P300 Amplitude Fluctuations (2013)

It has long been recognized that the amplitude of the P300 component of event-related brain potentials is sensitive to the degree to which eliciting stimuli are surprising to the observers (Donchin, 1981). While Squires et al. (1976) showed and modeled dependencies of P300 amplitudes from observed stimuli on various time scales, Mars et al. (2008) proposed a computational model keeping track of stimulus probabilities on a long-term time scale. We suggest here a computational model which integrates prior information with short-term, long-term, and alternation-based experiential influences on P300 amplitude fluctuations. To evaluate the new model, we measured trial-by-trial P300 amplitude fluctuations in a simple two-choice response time task, and tested the computational models of trial-by-trial P300 amplitudes using Bayesian model evaluation. The results reveal that the new digital filtering (DIF) model provides a superior account of the trial-by-trial P300 amplitudes when compared to both Squires et al.'s (1976) model, and Mars et al.'s (2008) model. We show that the P300-generating system can be described as two parallel first-order infinite impulse response (IIR) low-pass filters and an additional fourth-order finite impulse response (FIR) high-pass filter. Implications of the acquired data are discussed with regard to the neurobiological distinction between short-term, long-term, and working memory as well as from the point of view of predictive coding models and Bayesian learning theories of cortical function.
Ultrafast x-ray diffraction of laser-irradiated crystals (1997)

An apparatus has been developed for measuring time-dependent x-ray diffraction. X-ray pulses from an Advanced Light Source bend magnet are diffracted by a sagittally-focusing Si (111) crystal and then by a sample crystal, presently InSb (111). Laser pulses with 100 fs duration and a repetition rate of 1 KHz irradiate the sample inducing a phase transition. Two types of detectors are being employed: an x-ray streak camera and an avalanche photodiode. The streak camera is driven by a photoconductive switch and has a 2 ps temporal resolution determined by trigger jitter. The avalanche photodiode has high quantum efficiency and sufficient time resolution to detect single x-ray pulses in ALS two bunch or ‘camshaft’ operation. A beamline is under construction dedicated for time resolved and micro-diffraction experiments. In the new beamline a toroidal mirror collects 3 mrad horizontally and makes a 1:1 image of the bend magnet source in the x-ray hutch. A laser induced phase transition has been observed in InSb occurring within 70 ps.
Circumventing the optical diffraction limit with customized speckles (2020)

Speckle patterns have been widely used in imaging techniques such as ghost imaging, dynamic speckle illumination microscopy, structured illumination microscopy, and photoacoustic fluctuation imaging. Recent advances in the ability to control the statistical properties of speckles has enabled the customization of speckle patterns for specific imaging applications. In this work, we design and create special speckle patterns for parallelized nonlinear pattern-illumination microscopy based on fluorescence photoswitching. We present a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration where we obtain a spatial resolution three times higher than the diffraction limit of the illumination optics in our setup. Furthermore, we show that tailored speckles vastly outperform standard speckles. Our work establishes that customized speckles are a potent tool in parallelized super-resolution microscopy.
Computerized Screening for Identification of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Patients (1988)

An automatic data driven blood gas monitoring program, calculated the arterial/Alveolar (a/A) oxygen partial pressure ratio for all (approx. 40,000) arterial blood gas samples drawn between 4/87 and 2/88. Patients with an a/A ratio ≤ 0.2 were examined to determine if they had Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). To determine if ARDS was linked to the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2), or pressure exposure, a computer exposure monitoring program evaluated each patient's total exposure to FiO2, positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), and peak inspiratory pressure (Peak) from the date of hospital admission until 24 hours after their a/A ratio was ≤ 0.2. of the 6,000 patients originally screened, 372 patients were identified by the program (6.2%), 44 (0.7%) were determined to have ARDS. A comparison of ARDS survivors with non-survivors showed that survivors spent a significantly (p < 0.05) shorter percentage of time on ventilators with FiO2 ≥ 60% (22.2% vs.59.9%), PEEP ≥ 10 cm H2O (25.7% vs.50.1%) and Peak ≥ 55 cm H2O (2.2% vs.7.2%) with no difference in their Acute Physiologic Score (14.5 vs.13.5). These findings suggest that oxygen and pressure exposure are associated with the development of ARDS.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Organo‐Singly Occupied Molecular Orbital Catalysis: The Carbo‐oxidation of Styrenes. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Generating complex assembly sequences from 3D CAD models considering insertion relations (2020)

To reduce human intervention in the process of manually teaching assembly sequences to industrial robots, we developed an automated sequence planning method using only a 3D CAD model. In the proposed method, first, to find an assembly sequence for many parts, a genetic algorithm generates the initial chromosome based on interference, rather than merely generating a randomized initial chromosome. Second, to generate an assembly sequence satisfying the preferred insertion condition (e.g. male–female parts), we calculate an insertion matrix indicating the insertion relations between the parts. In this paper, the preferred insertion condition is defined as requiring a part with holes to be prepared first, and then other parts are inserted into the holes. In our experiments on assembly sequence generation both with and without the proposed methods, the proposed method was able to generate an assembly sequence for a product composed of 32 parts. The proposed method generated a feasible sequence every time (30 successes in 30 trials) and a preferable sequence, such as fixing by a screw after assembling the fixed part. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed chromosome initialization method and the use of insertion matrices.
Keynote address Knots, maps, and tiles: Three visual puzzles (2009)

Visualization aims at providing insight to its users. Now and then I am a user myself, and use visualization trying to solve a puzzle and to satisfy my curiosity. Simple questions turn out to be challenging problems, leading to a personal quest for their solution and resulting in intriguing images and animations. In my presentation I will present three such puzzles, all in the area of mathematical visualization.
Room temperature all‐silicon photonic crystal nanocavity light emitting diode at sub‐bandgap wavelengths (2012)

Abstract Silicon is now firmly established as a high performance photonic material. Its only weakness is the lack of a native electrically driven light emitter that operates CW at room temperature, exhibits a narrow linewidth in the technologically important 1300–1600 nm wavelength window, is small and operates with low power consumption. Here, an electrically pumped all‐silicon nano light source around 1300–1600 nm range is demonstrated at room temperature. Using hydrogen plasma treatment, nano‐scale optically active defects are introduced into silicon, which then feed the photonic crystal nanocavity to enhance the electrically driven emission in a device via Purcell effect. A narrow ( nm) emission line at 1515 nm wavelength with a power density of is observed, which represents the highest spectral power density ever reported from any silicon emitter. A number of possible improvements are also discussed, that make this scheme a very promising light source for optical interconnects and other important silicon photonics applications.
SHORT‐ AND LONG‐TERM INTAKE OF WHEAT ALBUMIN AFFECTS BLOOD GLUCOSE AND HbA1c LEVELS IN HEALTHY AND TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS (2007)

1 0.19-Wheat albumin has powerful inhibitory effects on human pancreatic and salivary amylases. 2 To examine the effects on blood glucose control of the test food – powdered soup containing 125 mg 0.19-wheat albumin – two studies were conducted. In study 1, the test food or a placebo was given with a normal meal to 10 volunteers in a cross-over manner, and in study 2, the test food was given to 14 male and 7 female subjects with mild type 2 diabetes mellitus three times a day for 12 weeks. 3 In study 1, a significant inhibitory effect (P < 0.05) on increase in blood glucose was observed 40 min and 1 h after administration of the test food. In subjects with a relatively higher fasting blood glucose, there was a greater inhibitory effect. 4 In study 2, a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was observed 8 and 12 weeks after administration of the test food. In subjects with a higher baseline HbA1c level ( 7.0), there was a more obvious reduction. 5 These results indicate that suppression of postprandial blood glucose levels by 0.19-wheat albumin helps moderate absorption of glucose and support long-term blood glucose control.
Glow to Arc Transition Accompanying Pressure Increase and Transition Probability-Pressure Characteristics (1995)

The appearance of discharge near the cathode surface in a vacuum-arc-deposition apparatus is observed when the pressure is increased gradually from 0.1 to 100Pa, with applied voltage held at DC 1, 180V. The result shows that the glow discharge appears at pressures above 1Pa, and then changes to arc discharge. This phenomenon is explained by the glow-to-arc transition mechanism due to the increase of the discharge current.Arc transition probability is measured as a function of pressure (0.01-100Pa) with constant applied voltages of 590 and 1, 180V, the cathode materials being Al, Ti, and C, and the introducing gases being Ar and N2. The result shows that (1) the arc transition occurs at higher pressure and with higher applied voltage. (2) The transition with Al cathode occurs at lower pressure than with Ti cathode. (3) The transition N2 gas occurs at lower pressure than in Ar gas.The influence of cathode material in Ar gas on the arc transition probability is qualitatively interpreted by comparing the melting points of the materials. The influence in N2 gas is qualitatively interpreted by examining whether a compound grows on cathode surface or not, and whether the compound is electrically conductive or not.
Collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro: interaction of types I and V collagen (1986)

Type I collagen is the predominant collagen in the cornea with type V collagen being a quantitatively minor component. However, the content of type V collagen (10-20%) in the cornea is high when compared to other tissues containing predominantly type I collagen. The corneal stroma has a homogeneous distribution of these two collagens, however, immunochemical localization of type V collagen requires the disruption of type I collagen structure. This indicates that these collagens may be arranged as heterpolymeric fibrils. This arrangement may be responsible for the control of fibril diameter necessary for corneal transparency. The purpose of this work is to study the in vitro assembly of collagen type V and to determine whether the interactions of these collagens influence fibril morphology.
Salaire à la performance : incitation ou sélection (2004)

Le recours accru au salaire variable est généralement associé au souhait de créer des incitations . Toutefois , l ’ explication par la sélection n ’ a jusqu ’ ici pas été suffisamment prise en compte . Il est fréquent que les données corroborent les deux explications , par la sélection et par l ’ incitation , mais les conséquences , tant du point de vue pratique que normatif , sont tout à fait différentes . Les éléments de réalité confirment que le salaire variable est utilisé comme un outil de sélection , ou de tri , notamment au niveau de l ’ encadrement . C ’ est dans le domaine des nouvelles industries que l ’ explication par la sélection revêt toute son importance . Mots-clés : incitation , tri , sélection
Observation of a carbon-based protective layer on the sidewalls of boron doped ultrananocrystalline diamond-based MEMS duringin situtribotests (2015)

We have fabricated dedicated MEMS tribotesters made from boron doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (B-UNCD) as the structural material, and carried out comprehensive nano-tribological measurements when two B-UNCD sidewall surfaces underwent sliding interaction in a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) in a humid and dry atmosphere. We have investigated the evolution of tribological contacts during sliding interactions and corresponding surface modification under repeated cyclic sliding conditions, while measuring displacement and lateral force with 4 nm and 64 nN resolution, respectively. We have observed the formation of carbon-based ultra-thin protective layer at the sliding interface as characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Interestingly, the formation of this protective layer occurs in both a dry and wet atmosphere, albeit at different rates when the energy dissipated due to friction reaches a plateau, starting from 200 000 and 400 000 cycles, respectively. Once this layer is formed, we do not observe any measurable wear indicating stable operation for an extended time period. Our results demonstrate that B-UNCD is a very promising material to overcome the wear-related reliability problems in MEMS.
Thermal Gradient Enabled XPS Analysis of PDMS Elastomer Adhesion to Polycarbonate (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTThermal Gradient Enabled XPS Analysis of PDMS Elastomer Adhesion to PolycarbonateDongchan Ahn, Nick E. Shephard, Patricia A. Olney, and Christopher S. McMillanView Author Information Dow Corning Corporation, 2200 W. Salzburg Road, Midland, Michigan 48686-0994 Cite this: Macromolecules 2007, 40, 11, 3904–3906Publication Date (Web):May 2, 2007Publication History Received13 March 2007Revised18 April 2007Published online2 May 2007Published inissue 1 May 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma070615hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma070615hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views924Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Elastomers,Interfaces,Silicones,Surface interactions,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Sialylation on O-glycans protects platelets from clearance by liver Kupffer cells (2017)

Most platelet membrane proteins are modified by mucin-type core 1-derived glycans (O-glycans). However, the biological importance of O-glycans in platelet clearance is unclear. Here, we generated mice with a hematopoietic cell-specific loss of O-glycans (HC <i>C1galt1</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> ). These mice lack O-glycans on platelets and exhibit reduced peripheral platelet numbers. Platelets from HC <i>C1galt1</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice show reduced levels of α-2,3-linked sialic acids and increased accumulation in the liver relative to wild-type platelets. The preferential accumulation of HC <i>C1galt1</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> platelets in the liver was reduced in mice lacking the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor [Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR)]. However, we found that Kupffer cells are the primary cells phagocytosing HC <i>C1galt1</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> platelets in the liver. Our results demonstrate that hepatic AMR promotes preferential adherence to and phagocytosis of desialylated and/or HC <i>C1galt1</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> platelets by the Kupffer cell through its C-type lectin receptor CLEC4F. These findings provide insights into an essential role for core 1 O-glycosylation of platelets in their clearance in the liver.
Accurate Characterization of Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structures (2021)

In this paper, electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures are accurately characterized using a free-space method. The field transmission and reflection parameters are exploited to determine the effective material parameters both inside and outside the band-gap regions of the EBG structures. The electromagnetic (EM) properties of the effective refractive index, effective wave impedance, effective permittivity, and effective permeability at multiple band-gap regions are derived from a single scattering computation. The derived phase and attenuation constants correctly define the boundaries of the band-gap region and the level of attenuation within the band gap. Deviations in the incidence angle from the normal direction alter the EM properties; hence, the operating bandwidth of the band-gap region is as expected due to the inherent structure anisotropy of the unit cells.
High Density Thermomagnetic Recording on Flux Detectable RE-TM Media (1999)

Flux-detectable and thermomagnetically recordable media were prepared by sputtering amorphous RE-TM alloys. We investigated the recording characteristics of these media at an ultra-high recording density. A laser-strobe magnetic-field modulation recording scheme was applied to these media in order to form much shorter domains than the diameter of the optical spot. We observed the recorded magnetic domains by magnetic field microscopy and found irregular domains. Domains shorter than 150 nm became collapsed or combined with other domains. To resolve this problem, a heat sink structure was introduced to this media. This structure turned out to be especially effective, and we could record 75-nm-length domains with an Al heat sink layer even if an optical spot with a diameter of 1000 nm was used. The high-density recording capability of these media was confirmed.
Influence of growth parameters on the incorporation of residual impurities in GaAs grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1986)

The incorporation of impurities in GaAs epitaxial layers grown from trimethyl gallium (TMG) and AsH3 has been studied in detail by varying a large number of growth parameters. These include the V/III ratio, temperature, the axial position in the reactor, gas sources, substrate and susceptor material, carrier gas, substrate misorientation, and the crystallographic orientation of the substrate. As main characterization techniques photoluminescence and Hall–van der Pauw measurements have been used. Donor and acceptor concentrations in the layers have been found to vary not only with temperature and V/III ratio, but also with the axial position in the reactor, giving rise to p/n transitions and maxima in the carrier mobility. The V/III ratio is shown to be effectively constant for larger axial distances in the cell. Highly doped substrates have been found to give rise to outdiffusion of defect complexes into the layers. The main acceptor impurities found in this work are zinc, silicon, and carbon. They are shown to originate from the TMG gas source, the hot quartz parts in the cell, and the TMG growth component, respectively. Incorporation of these elements appears to be orientation, and in the case of carbon also misorientation, dependent. The results for {001} and misoriented {001} crystals are discussed on the basis of two models for impurity incorporation: CAs acceptors are concluded to be incorporated by a trapping process at growth steps, whereas ZnGa, SiAs, and residual donors most probably incorporate via equilibrium processes. The conclusions from a study of the influence of the misorientation are especially important for this interpretation.