gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Rhenium Coating as a Diffusion Barrier to Improve the High Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Nickel-Based Superalloy (2001)

Abstract A nickel-based single crystal superalloy with or without a Re/Al coating was Al-diffusion treated and then oxidized in air at 1373K for up to 2.54Ms under thermal cycling and isothermal conditions. The Al-diffusion treatment, carned out at 1273K for 57.6ks in a mixture of FeAl and Al2O3 powder, resulted in a triplex layer structure in the sequence β -NiAl / Re-rich layer / Al-diffusion zone on the alloy. The Re-rich layer contained 25Ni, 19Al, and 16Cr (at%). When oxidized at 1373K for 460ks in air under thermal cycling, a very protective α -Al2O3 scale formed, while the β -NiAl layer changed to Ni-aluminide (presumably γ’-Ni3Al) containing 21at%Al and the Re-rich layer to a Re-based alloy containing 31Cr, 21Ni, 12Co, 6W, and 3Al (at%) plus Re, which corresponded to σ -phase in the Ni-Cr-Re phase diagram. The protective α-Al2O3 scale and the resulting triplex coating structure of γ’-Ni3Al/σ-phase (Cr-Re-Ni system) / alloy substrate were maintained with little change for up to 2.54Ms under isothermal oxidation. The formation of the triplex structure was discussed by using the diffusion path on the ternary Ni-Cr-Re and binary Ni-Al phase diagrams. In the Al-diffusion and subsequent initial stage of oxidation the Al, Ni, Co and Cr diffused rapidly through the Re/Al coating and the Re-Ni-Al-Cr alloy layer. With further oxidation at 1373K the Re-Cr-Ni (Co) (σ -phase) alloy layer formed between the alloy substrate and γ’-Ni3Al layer and it was found to act as a very effective diffusion barrier to the alloying elements and Al.
Robust Output Feedback Tracking Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems Using Neural Network (2007)

In this paper, the problem of robust output tracking control for a class of time-delay nonlinear systems is considered. The systems are in the form of triangular structure with unmodeled dynamics. First, we construct an observer whose gain matrix is scheduled via linear matrix inequality approach. For the case that the information of uncertainties bounds is not completely available, we design an observer-based neural network (NN) controller by employing the backstepping method. The resulting closed-loop system is ensured to be stable in the sense of semiglobal boundedness with the help of changing supplying function idea. The observer and the controller designed are both independent of the time delays. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the main theoretic results obtained.
Future Vogues in Handset Antenna Systems (2011)

This paper exemplifies future trends in handset antenna systems, contextualizing their historical evolution and anticipating novel paradigms. It is shown through numerical simulation how narrow-band antennas used in transceiver separation mode can reduce the total loss in presence of the user's hand, improving at the same time the antenna isolation.
Multi-state lasing in self-assembled ring-shaped green fluorescent protein microcavities (2014)

We demonstrate highly efficient lasing from multiple photonic states in microcavities filled with self-assembled rings of recombinant enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in its solid state form. The lasing regime is achieved at very low excitation energies of 13 nJ and occurs from cavity modes dispersed in both energy and momentum. We attribute the momentum distribution to very efficient scattering of incident light at the surface of the eGFP rings. The distribution of lasing states in energy is induced by the large spectral width of the gain spectrum of recombinant eGFP (FWHM ≅ 25 nm).
Neuroendokrines Karzinom der Lunge: eine diagnostische und therapeutische (2010)

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung: a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge A 53-year-old female patient presented with cough and hoarseness for 3 years. Based on a biopsy of a bronchial tumor, a small cell neuroendocrine tumor of the lung was diagnosed and chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin was initiated. As the tumor progressed under chemotherapy, the bronchial biopsy was reevaluated and further biopsies of liver and adrenal metastases were obtained. The diagnosis was corrected, and an atypical neuroendocrine bronchial carcinoma was diagnosed. Under octreotide therapy, the patient remained stable for 1 year, when a discrete progress of the primary tumor in the lung was observed. Treatment with the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor everolimus was then initiated. Based on this case, the diagnostic criteria, prognostic factors and therapeutic options of neuroendocrine bronchial carcinomas are discussed.
Combined Variable Speed Limit and Lane Change Control for Truck-Dominant Highway Segment (2015)

Traffic demand of trucks is rapidly increasing on highway networks, which harms highway traffic mobility, safety and the environment. Variable speed limit (VSL) control is considered to be able to improve the traffic condition in truck-dominant highway segments. However previous research reported rather mixed effects of VSL controller on traffic mobility. While some studies reported improvements in travel time due to the use of VSL control, others reported either no improvement or small deterioration in travel time. In this paper, we demonstrated that the lack of improvement on travel time is due to lane changes that are taking place close to the bottleneck leading to severe capacity drop. We developed a combined lane change and VSL control strategy that recommends lane changes in advance to relief capacity drop in addition to VSL. Microscopic Monte-Carlo simulations on I-710 freeway with high truck demand were used to demonstrate that this combined control strategy is able to generate consistent improvements with respect to travel time, safety and environmental impact under different traffic conditions and incident scenarios.
Event-based performance perturbation (1991)

article Event-based performance perturbation: a case study Share on Author: Allen D. Malony View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 26Issue 7July 1991 pp 201–212https://doi.org/10.1145/109626.109646Online:01 April 1991Publication History 23citation314DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations23Total Downloads314Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Development of Scaled-Up Synthetic Method for Retinoid X Receptor Agonist NEt-3IB Contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (2022)

Small-molecular drugs, which are generally inexpensive compared with biopharmaceuticals and can often be taken orally, may contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations. We previously reported the retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist 4-(ethyl(3-isobutoxy-4-isopropylphenyl)amino)benzoic acid (NEt-3IB, 1) as a small-molecular drug candidate to replace biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The previous synthetic method to 1 required a large amount of organic solvent and extensive purification. In line with the SDGs, we aimed to develop an environmentally friendly, inexpensive method for the large-scale synthesis of 1. The developed method requires only a hydrophobic ether and EtOH as reaction and extraction solvents. The product was purified by recrystallization twice to afford 99% pure 1 at 100 mmol scale in about 30% yield. The optimized process showed a 35-fold improvement of the E-factor (an index of environmental impact) compared to the original method. This work, which changes the solvent used to environmentally preferable ones based on the existing synthetic method for 1, illustrates how synthetic methods for small-molecular drugs can be adapted and improved to contribute to the SDGs.
Update on detection of bacteremia and fungemia (1997)

The presence of microorganisms in a patient's blood is a critical determinant of the severity of the patient's illness. Equally important, the laboratory isolation and identification of a microorganism present in blood determine the etiologic agent of infection, especially when the site of infection is localized and difficult to access. This review addresses the pathophysiology and clinical characteristics of bacteremia, fungemia, and sepsis; diagnostic strategies and critical factors in the detection of positive blood cultures; characteristics of manual and instrument approaches to bacteremia detection; approaches for isolating specific microorganisms associated with positive blood cultures; and rapid methods for the identification of microorganisms in blood cultures.
Proteome analysis of human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues by two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (2005)

Proteome analysis of human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was conducted using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. Paired samples from the normal and tumor region of resected human liver were labeled with Cy3 and Cy5, respectively while the pooled standard sample was labeled with Cy2. After analysis by the DeCyder software, protein spots that exhibited at least a two-fold difference in intensity were excised for in-gel tryptic digestion and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. A total of 6 and 42 proteins were successfully identified from the well- and poorly-differentiated samples, respectively. The majority of these proteins are related to detoxification/oxidative stress and metabolism. Three down-regulated metabolic enzymes, methionine adenosyltransferase, glycine N-methyltransferase, and betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase that are involved in the methylation cycle in the liver are of special interest. Their expression levels, especially, methionine adenosyltransferase, seemed to have a major influence on the level of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), a vital intermediate metabolite required for the proper functioning of the liver. Recent work has shown that chronic deficiency in AdoMet in the liver results in spontaneous development of steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and hence the down-regulation of hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase in our hepatocellular carcinoma samples is in line with this observation. Moreover, when a comparison is made between the differentially expressed proteins from our human hepatocellular carcinoma samples and from the liver tissues of knockout mice deficient in methionine adenosyltransferase, there is a fairly good correlation between them.
Relative Biological Effectiveness of the 235 MeV Proton Beams at the National Cancer Center Hospital East (2001)

A therapy-dedicated cyclotron was installed in the National Cancer Center Hospital East (NCCHE) at Kashiwa in 1997. Prior to the start of clinical use, we investigated the biological effectiveness of therapeutic proton beams for cell lethality. The proton beams accelerated up to 235 MeV were horizontally extracted from the cyclotron, and scattered by a bar-ridge filter to produce a Spread-Out-Bragg-Peak (SOBP) of 10-cm width. The biological systems used here were mouse intestinal crypt cells and three in vitro cell lines, including SCC61 human squamous cell carcinoma, NB1RGB human fibroblasts and V79 Chinese hamster cells. The dose responses after irradiation at either the entrance plateau or the middle portion of SOBP were compared with those after linac 6 MV X-ray irradiation. The fit of a linear quadratic model to survival curves showed that proton irradiation increased the alpha value of SCC61 and the beta value of V79 cells with a least change for alpha/beta ratio of NB1RGB cells. The isoeffect dose that reduces either cell survivals to 10% or mouse jejunum crypts to 10 per circumference was termed D10. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons obtained by comparing the D10 values between protons and X-rays ranged from 0.9 to 1.2. The depth distribution of cell lethality was measured by replating V79 cells after irradiation from a "cell stack chamber" that received a single dose of 7 Gy at the middle position of SOBP. The thus-obtained cell survivals at various depths coincided well with the estimated survivals, but tended to decrease at the distal end of SOBP. We conclude that an RBE of 1.1 would be appropriate for 235 MeV proton beams at the NCCHE.
Total-Ionizing-Dose Effects on Al/SiO2 Bimorph Electrothermal Microscanners (2018)

Total-ionizing-dose effects on electrothermal micro- scanners are investigated using 10-keV X-rays and 14.3-MeV oxygen ions. The corresponding changes in mechanical displacement are measured using an optical microscope. Applied dc voltage and/or radiation-induced charging lead to changes in the vertical position and resistance of the structures. Radiation-induced changes in the vertical position and resistance and postirradiation recovery or superrecovery of these quantities are sensitive to dc biases applied during and/or after irradiation. Simple electrostatic and computational models are qualitatively consistent with observed trends in device response.
An Experimental Analysis of a Compact Graph Representation (2018)

In previous work we described a method for compactly representing graphs with small separators, which makes use of small separators, and presented preliminary experimental results. In this paper we extend the experimental results in several ways, including extensions for dynamic insertion and deletion of edges, a comparison of a variety of coding schemes, and an implementation of two applications using the representation. The results show that the representation is quite effective for a wide variety of real-world graphs, including graphs from finite-element meshes, circuits, street maps, router connectivity, and web links. In addition to significantly reducing the memory requirements, our implementation of the representation is faster than standard representations for queries. The byte codes we introduce lead to DFT times that are a factor of 2.5 faster than our previous results with gamma codes and a factor of between 1 and 9 faster than adjacency lists, while using a factor of between 3 and 6 less space.
A Stable (Amino)(phosphino)carbene as Bidentate Ligand for Palladium and Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Abstract 5096: Identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oral squamous cell carcinomas through comparative proteomic analyses (2011)

Abstract Background: Oral squamous carcinoma cell (OSCC) is the sixth most common worldwide cancer and responsible for about 640,000 new cases each year worldwide. Recently, a small subpopulation of oral cancer tumor cells with self-renewal capacity, or oral cancer-tumor initiating cells (OC-TICs), have been characterized in our lab. Accumulating evidence suggests that these OC-TICs contribute to tumor initiation, maintenance and metastasis while they are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Thus, identification of the biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these cells should help the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics for oral cancers. Methods: Sphere formation assay was used to enrich the OC-TIC population, whose proteins were resolved in a SDS polyacrylamide gel along with those from parental cells. The proteins within the gels were subjected to tryptic digestion and subsequent 18O peptide labeling. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was programed to collect the tandem mass spectra (MS/MS) of peptides from proteins with &amp;gt;2-fold increase in OC-TICs. These MS/MS were matched against the NCBI protein database with TurboSequest search engine and the results were interpreted by bioinformatics tools. Results: With such a new platform, we found that 61 proteins were up-regulated in OC-TICs proteomes. In order to define collective functional roles of the identified proteins, these proteins were categorized based on the information in Gene Ontology database. Molecular function analyses showed that, besides binding, catalytic activity and transporter activity, a majority of proteins appear to participate in protein metabolism and modification, protein/vesicle trafficking and carbohydrate metabolism. Meanwhile, cellular compartment studies revealed that most proteins appear to be from plasma membrane and mitochondria. Conclusion: Our results indicate that OC-TICs behave differently in protein metabolism/trafficking and carbohydrate metabolism. This data set will be used to identify novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for oral cancer-tumor initiating cells (OC-TICs). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5096. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5096
Porous Anodised Silicon for Full Dielectric Isolation: The Development of an n/n+/n Device Route (1987)

The n/n+/n route to porous silicon has been used to produce fully dielectrically isolated silicon islands. Results are presented to show that doping of the island with residual n+ material can be avoided and that Lhe silicon is of high crystalline perfection. The technique is shown to avoid the limitations of the original p-n technique and to be extremely promising for SOI Device applications.
Ktr1p is an α-1,2-mannosyltransferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Comparison of the enzymic properties of soluble recombinant Ktr1p and Kre2p/Mnt1p produced in Pichia pastoris (1997)

The yeast genome contains a KRE2/MNT1 family of nine related genes with amino acid similarity to the alpha 1,2-mannosyltransferase Kre2p/Mnt1p, the only member of this family whose enzymic properties have been studied. In this study, the enzymic properties of Ktr1p, another member of this family, were studied and compared to those of Kre2p/Mnt1p. Recombinant soluble forms of Kre2p/Mnt1p and Ktr1p lacking their N-terminal regions were expressed as secreted proteins from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. After induction with methanol, the medium contained approx, 40 and 400 mg/l of soluble recombinant Kre2p/Mnt1p and Ktr1p respectively. Both recombinant proteins were shown to exhibit alpha 1,2-mannosyltransferase activity. The enzymes have an absolute requirement for Mn2+ and a similar K(m) for mannose (280-350 mM), methyl-alpha-mannoside (60-90 mM) and GDP-mannose (50-90 microM), but the Vmax was approx. 10 times higher for Kre2p/Mnt1p than for Ktr1p. The enzymes have similar substrate specificities and utilize mannose, methyl-alpha-mannoside, alpha-1,2-mannobiose and methyl-alpha-1,2-mannobiose, as well as Man15-30GlcNAc, derived from mnn2 mutant glycoproteins, as substrates. The enzymes do not utilize alpha-1,6-mannobiose, alpha-1,6-mannotriose, alpha-1,6-mannotetraose, mammalian Man9GlcNAc or yeast Man9-10GlcNAc. These results indicate that Kre2p/ Mnt1p and Ktr1p are capable of participating in both N-glycan and O-glycan biosynthesis.
Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Origanum Essential Oils (1996)

Three Origanum essential oils, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, Origanum dictamnus, and a commercially available Origanum oil, were analyzed by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS) and showed a high content of carvacrol, thymol, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene representing 73.7%, 92.8%, and 87.78% of the total oil, respectively. The three essential oils exhibited high levels of antimicrobial activity against eight strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among the major components of the three oils, carvacrol and thymol exhibited the highest levels of antimicrobial activity, while their biosynthetic precursors γ-terpinene and p-cymene were inactive. The essential oil of O. vulgare ssp. hirtum was extremely bactericidal at 1/4000 dilution and even at dilutions as high as 1/50000 caused considerable decrease in bacterial growth rates. The same essential oil also exhibited high levels of cytotoxicity against four permanent animal cell lines including two derived from human cancers. Keywords: Origanum vulgare; Origanum dictamus; essential oils; carvacrol; thymol; antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity; terpenes; cancer
Process optimization of multicycle rapid thermal annealing of Mg-implanted GaN (2014)

To understand the capabilities and limitations of the multicycle rapid thermal annealing (MRTA) process, the key features of the process must be systematically explored. This work is dedicated to a study of the first step in the MRTA process — conventional annealing. A fundamental study was performed to determine the optimal conventional annealing temperature for the MRTA process by monitoring crystal quality and surface morphology. It was determined that both surface damage and crystal quality recovery must be considered when optimizing the MRTA process. Furthermore, the effect of performing the MRTA process with and without a preliminary conventional annealing step was investigated. It was determined that the conventional annealing step is a crucial part of the MRTA process.
From DRAM to SRAM with a novel sige-based negative differential resistance (NDR) device (2006)

This paper presents a novel CMOS-compatible negative differential resistance (NDR) device based on SiGe gated diodes. Experimental results on various prototypes show that this device has very high peak currents and the highest reported peak-to-valley current ratios in SiGe systems to date. This NDR element can be easily integrated into a normal 1T1C DRAM cell to enable an SRAM-like operation with a much more compact cell size
Designing an interactive tool for video object segmentation and annotation (1999)

An interactive authoring system is proposed for semi-automatic video object segmentation and annotation. This system features a new contour interpolation algorithm, which enables the user to define the contour of a video object on multiple frames while the computer interpolates the missing contours of this object on every frame automatically. Typical active contour (snake) model is adapted and the contour interpolation problem is decomposed into two directional contour tracking problems and a merging problem. In addition, new user interaction models are created for the user to interact with the computer. Experiments indicate that this system offers a good balance between algorithm complexity and user interaction efficiency.
The Mutation T315A in Candida albicans Sterol 14α-Demethylase Causes Reduced Enzyme Activity and Fluconazole Resistance through Reduced Affinity (1997)

Sterol 14alpha-demethylase (P45051) is the target for azole antifungal compounds, and resistance to these drugs and agrochemicals is of significant practical importance. We undertook site-directed mutagenesis of the Candida albicans P45051 heterologously expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to probe a model structure for the enzyme. The change T315A reduced enzyme activity 2-fold as predicted for the removal of the residue that formed a hydrogen bond with the 3-OH of the sterol substrate and helped to locate it in the active site. This alteration perturbed the heme environment, causing an altered reduced carbon monoxide difference spectrum with a maximum at 445 nm. The changes also reduced the affinity of the enzyme for the azole antifungals ketoconazole and fluconazole and after expression induced by galactose caused 4-5-fold azole resistance in transformants of S. cerevisiae. This is the first example of a single base change in the target enzyme conferring resistance to azoles through reduced azole affinity.