gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement mode n-MOSFET with high-κ dielectric on GaAs substrate (2007)

In this paper, we report MOS heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on III-V substrates, employing a high-κ dielectric stack comprised of gallium oxide and gadolinium gallium oxide. Mobilities exceeding 12,000 and 6,000 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs, for sheet carrier concentration n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> of about 2.5x10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> were measured on MOSFET structures on InP and GaAs substrates, respectively. These structures were designed for enhancement mode operation and include a 10 nm thick strained InGa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> As channel layer with In mole fraction x of 0.3 and 0.75 on GaAs and InP substrates, respectively.
Source refurbishment (2013)

Large-scale pulsed-power x-ray source systems are expensive collaborations; as such, long-term efficiency is often an important issue for organizations. While those systems used in an R&D setting are regularly modified and breakdown during testing is anticipated, other systems set into a user facility environment are expected to perform more flawlessly over the long term. It is the latter type system facility we will focus on here and the challenges of a large-scale system-wide refurbishment effort (referencing portions of Cygnus Refurbishment Report DOE/NV/25946-1559). We will demonstrate and elucidate the process, discoveries, and challenges experienced in a successful large-scale x-ray source refurbishment of a user facility type system.
Multiple Myeloma and Diabetes (2011)

Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disorder that accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic cancers. It is characterized by accumulation of clonal plasma cells, predominantly in the bone marrow. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing; therefore, it is expected that there will be an increase in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma with concomitant diabetes mellitus. The treatment of multiple myeloma and diabetes mellitus is multifaceted. The coexistence of the two conditions in a patient forms a major challenge for physicians.
Etude de deux stratégies d' inhibition de l' infection par le VIH-1 : immunisation contre des antigènes conservés du VIH-1 avec un vecteur vivant dérivé du vaccin contre la rougeole et réduction de l'infectivité du VIH-1 par un peptide antimicrobien naturel (2005)

National Biomechanics Day (NBD) can raise public understanding and awareness of the field of biomechanics, as well as boost the number and diversity of young people interested in entering the profession and pursuing a career in it, especially in regions like Nigeria and Africa. The circumstances leading up to Nigeria's first NBD are summarized in this paper. It is hoped that if this trend continues, it would draw a large number of young people into biomechanics and biomechanics-related careers.
DNA Methylation Signatures for Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer (2013)

We identified six novel candidate DNA methylation markers for PC. C1orf114 hypermethylation and a three-gene methylation signature were independent predictors of time to biochemical recurrence after RP in two PC patient cohorts.
Neighborhood detection using mutual information for the identification of cellular automata (2006)

Extracting the rules from spatio-temporal patterns generated by the evolution of cellular automata (CA) usually requires a priori information about the observed system, but in many applications little information will be known about the pattern. This paper introduces a new neighborhood detection algorithm which can determine the range of the neighborhood without any knowledge of the system by introducing a criterion based on mutual information (and an indication of over-estimation). A coarse-to-fine identification routine is then proposed to determine the CA rule from the observed pattern. Examples, including data from a real experiment, are employed to evaluate the new algorithm.
Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects (2020)

Oxidative stress is defined as "an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox signaling and control and/or molecular damage". This Commentary presents basic features of this global concept which has attracted interest in biology and medicine. The term "antioxidants" in cellular defense against oxidants predominantly includes antioxidant enzymes with their substrates and coenzymes. Exogenous low-molecular-mass compounds also have a role, but this is more limited. Multiple biomarkers of damage due to oxidative stress have been identified for different molecular classes (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and DNA), and the current state of practical aspects in health and disease is delineated.
Principles of Automatic Alignment and Calibration Using Embedded Microcomputers (1985)

Alignment and calibration of any system manually or automatically can be reduced to a control problem; hence the powerful theories, rules, and methods of all areas of control engineering can help designers incorporate automatic alignment and calibration in systems with embedded microcomputers. This paper presents the very basic relationship between alignment/calibration and control theory. An example of zeroing an amplifier using a single chip microcomputer illustrates the proposed concepts.
Laser sintering of thick-film conductors for microelectronic applications (2007)

This paper investigates fabrication of functional thick metal films using simultaneous laser sintering and patterning along with the fundamental physical phenomena that govern the laser sintering process. The effects of the processing parameters on the quality of the fabricated components are investigated through a heat transfer analysis. We show that our process has potentials for metallization of microelectronics directly onto substrates whose melting temperatures are much lower than the temperature needed for sintering, which is only possible by properly controlling the temperature field during laser sintering. Optimum properties of the fabricated components are obtained when certain thermal conditions are produced during laser heating.
Hepatotrophic factors in liver growth and atrophy. (1985)

The hepatotrophic effect of portal blood was studied in rats with portal branch ligation (PBL) simultaneously subjected to mesocaval shunt or total hepatic arterialization. A direct supply of the nonligated liver lobes with pancreatic effluent did not improve DNA synthesis or mitotic response compared to arterialized rats, in which the portal-borne hepatotrophic factors reached the same lobes after systemic recirculation. A comparison with shunted but Sham-PBL rats showed that restorative capacity of the liver was not seriously impaired. In rats with PBL alone the lobes with portal occlusion showed extensive necrosis. In contrast, in PBL + shunt rats necrosis was significantly inhibited, indicating a hepatoprotective role of portal blood during hepatic arterial recirculation. Thus, the study suggests that quality of hepatic blood supply is of vital importance in maintenance of hepatocellular integrity. Hemodynamical factors seem to be of importance, but more in a sense of increased or decreased accessibility of humoral hepatotrophic factors in the blood.
P4‐048: Convergent Analysis of Endophenotypes in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (2016)

Progressive Supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorder pathologically characterized by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and tau-positive glial lesions: tufted astrocytes (TA) and oligodendroglial coiled bodies (CB). Transcriptional regulation has been implicated as a likely disease mechanism at some of the disease risk loci identified by a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Genome-wide expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies in the brains of PSP subjects, when combined with additional endophenotypes, may identify novel disease genes with an implied mechanism of action, important for future therapeutic targeting. Gene expression profiles were collected from temporal cortex for 2 cohorts of PSP samples (N: Cohort A =175, Cohort B = 106), using the Illumina Whole-Genome DASL assay (WG-DASL). All subjects had available GWAS genotypes from one of two platforms (Illumina Human Hap300 or Illumina Human 660W-Quad). Probes that were detected in > 50% of the subjects were assessed. Cis-eQTL (gene +/-100kb) analysis was implemented in PLINK using linear regression, including appropriate covariates. Meta-analysis was performed using METAL. 43 subjects from expression cohort A also have DNA methylation measures collected using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS). Neuropathological measures for the following four lesions: NFT, CB, TA and tau neuropil threads (TAUTH) are available for 251 of the subjects with expression measures. The two expression cohorts had a total of 424,102 SNP-probe pairs in common (177,685 SNPs in-cis (+/-100kb) with 11,705 genes targeted using 14,880 probes). Meta-analysis identified 1,433 SNP probe pairs (341 unique genes) with a p-value < 1E-08. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis determined a significant enrichment of these genes within glutathione metabolism pathways (Bonferonni-adjusted p-value < 0.05). Additionally the PSP candidate gene MOBP, nominated by disease GWAS, has multiple cis-SNPs with a p<1E-08. We are pursuing the eQTL identified in this study for association with DNA methylation measures, neuropathological traits and linking these results to those of the PSP risk GWAS to identify significant eQTL enriched for PSP relevant variants. These studies will nominate regulatory genetic changes as the potential culprit for some of the PSP risk loci and can uncover novel biological pathways implicated in PSP.
Tumor radiosensitization by anti-inflammatory drugs: Evidence for a new mechanism involving the oxygen effect. (2006)

We hypothesized that nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might enhance tumor radiosensitivity by increasing tumor oxygenation (pO2), via either a decrease in the recruitment of macrophages or from inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. The effect of four NSAIDs (diclofenac, indomethacin, piroxicam, and NS-398) on pO2 was studied in murine TLT liver tumors and FSaII fibrosarcomas. At the time of maximum pO2 (tmax, 30 minutes after administration), perfusion, oxygen consumption, and radiation sensitivity were studied. Local pO2 measurements were done using electron paramagnetic resonance. Tumor perfusion and permeability measurements were assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The oxygen consumption rate of tumor cells after in vivo NSAID administration was measured using high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance. Tumor-infiltrating macrophage localization was done with immunohistochemistry using CD11b antibody. All the NSAIDs tested caused a rapid increase in pO2 .A ttmax, tumor perfusion decreased,indicatingthattheincreaseinpO2wasnotcausedby an increase in oxygen supply. Also at tmax, global oxygen consumption decreased but the amount of tumor-infiltrating macrophages remained unchanged. Our study strongly indicates that the oxygen effect caused by NSAIDs is primarily mediated by an effect on mitochondrial respiration. When irradiation (18 Gy) was applied at tmax, the tumor radiosensitivity was enhanced (regrowth delay increased by a factor of 1.7). These results show the potential utility of an acute administrationofNSAIDsforradiosensitizingtumors,andshed new light on the mechanisms of NSAID radiosensitization. These results also provide a new rationale for the treatment schedule when combining NSAIDs and radiotherapy. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(17): 7911-6)
The role of aberrant proteolysis in lymphomagenesis (2015)

Many E3 ligase and deubiquitinases that contribute to regulated proteolysis of substrates critical for major cellular processes are altered in various lineages of lymphoma. Understanding of the proteolytic regulatory mechanisms of these major cellular pathways may offer novel biomarkers and targets for lymphoma therapy.
Abstract 14976: Impact of the Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty on Clinical Outcomes (2014)

Introduction: Limited data from clinical trials investigating dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), suggested its potential for a reduction in cardiovascular events. However, the optimal duration of DAPT in patients with symptomatic PAOD after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of DAPT in patients with symptomatic PAOD after PTA. Hypothesis: Longer duration of DAPT is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with symptomatic PAOD after PTA. Methods: From May 2011 to August 2012, 249 patients with 264 lesions treated with PTA were divided into two groups based on the duration of DAPT [aspirin plus clopidogrel, &lt; 6-month DAPT (n= 120) vs. ≥ 6-month DAPT (n = 129)]. Propensity score-matching analysis was used to adjust for baseline characteristics between two groups. Results: The median follow-up duration was 22.0 ± 8.2 months. In Cox proportional hazard analysis, ≥ 6-month DAPT group was found to be associated with lower rates of MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke, death, and target lesion revascularization; hazard ration [HR]: 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-4.35, p = 0.021), and rehospitalization (unstable angina, transient ischemic attack, amputation, and other lesions PTA; HR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.04-5.01, p = 0.039). Nevertheless, there was no significant association between duration of DAPT and bleeding. Conclusions: DAPT longer than 6 months was associated with lower rates of MACE and rehospitalization in patients with symptomatic PAOD after PTA.
Copious electron emission from PLZT ceramics with a high zirconium concentration (1989)

Abstract We describe the experimental method and report the results of electron emission from PLZT-2/95/5 ceramics subjected to rectangular HV pulses. The influence of HV amplitude, of gas pressure, and of temperature on electron beam current-density and charge was investigated. The kinetic energy was estimated by applying a decelerating field. Emitted current-density pulses of several A/cm2 and charges of 1 μC/cm2 are measured. A tentative interpretation is given.
2,8-Disubstituted-1,6-Naphthyridines and 4,6-Disubstituted-Isoquinolines with Potent, Selective Affinity for CDK8/19 (2016)

We demonstrate a designed scaffold-hop approach to the discovery of 2,8-disubstituted-1,6-naphthyridine- and 4,6-disubstituted-isoquinoline-based dual CDK8/19 ligands. Optimized compounds in both series exhibited rapid aldehyde oxidase-mediated metabolism, which could be abrogated by introduction of an amino substituent at C5 of the 1,6-naphthyridine scaffold or at C1 of the isoquinoline scaffold. Compounds 51 and 59 were progressed to in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, and 51 also demonstrated sustained inhibition of STAT1(SER727) phosphorylation, a biomarker of CDK8 inhibition, in an SW620 colorectal carcinoma human tumor xenograft model following oral dosing.
Epicardial ablation on the beating heart: progress towards an off-pump maze procedure. (2002)

Epicardially delivered bipolar RF energy was able to reproducibly isolate atrial myocardium. As opposed to other energy sources, lesions were always transmural and can be created within seconds. On-line measurement of conductance correlates with lesion transmurality. This technology has the potential to perform a beating heart MAZE procedure.
Short-Term GDNF Treatment Provides Long-Term Rescue of Lesioned Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons in a Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease (1996)

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects on dopamine (DA) neurons in vivo. Here we report long-term rescue of nigral DA neurons after delayed short-term GDNF administration in a rat lesion model that reproduces the slowly progressing degenerative process seen in Parkinson's disease. GDNF injected close to the substantia nigra provided near-complete protection and persistent survival of the lesioned nigral neurons for at least 4 months after discontinuation of GDNF treatment. Long-term rescue of the nigral cells, however, was not accompanied by any significant reinnervation of the lesioned striatal target or any signs of functional recovery in either drug-induced or spontaneous motor behaviors. We conclude that not only preservation of the nigral DA neurons but also restoration of striatal DA function is necessary for functional recovery in the rat Parkinson model.
Planar W?Band Receiver and Oscillator (1988)

A planar oscillator integrated on silicon substrate with a double drift region IMP ATT diode and a monolithic integrated Schottky diode receiver including a planar antenna on one silicon chip for the 90 GHz band are presented. The maximum CW output power of the oscillator is 200 mW at 73 GHz with an efficiency of 4.5 %. The experimental receiver sensitivity is 65 μV/μWcm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> , the receiver antenna half--power beamwidth is 23°.
The effect of chronic methylphenidate administration on tooth maturation in a sample of Caucasian children. (2005)

It is concluded that, for these amounts of MH exposure, there is no effect on dental maturation.
Abstract NT-097: QUANTITATIVE HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING USING AN ORGANOTYPIC MODEL IDENTIFIES TWO KINASE INHIBITORS THAT INHIBIT OVARIAN CANCER METASTASIS (2019)

Abstract The cancer cells, stromal cells and stroma in the tumor microenvironment contribute to cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Therefore we applied an organotypic, robust and reliable assay for quantitative high throughput screening (qHTS) in drug discovery. This 1536-well HTS culture contains primary human mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, fibronectin and collagen type I and reproduces the human ovarian cancer (OvCa) metastatic microenvironment. The qHTS assay identifies small molecule compounds that inhibit OvCa adhesion/migration/invasion to the organotypic metastatic microenvironment. Over 44,000 small molecules were screened in the primary qHTS assay. A counter screen was performed to eliminate any compounds toxic to the mesothelial cells or fibroblasts within the metastatic microenvironment. The activity of hit compounds was confirmed using five OvCa cell lines, and validated in secondary in vitro and in vivo biological assays. The active compounds directly inhibit at least two of three OvCa functions: adhesion, invasion and growth. In vivo, these compounds prevent OvCa adhesion/invasion and metastasis, and improve survival in mouse models. Collectively, these data indicate that the three compounds, two tyrosine kinase inhibitors and one novel compound, identified using an complex organtoypic culture of the tumor microenvironment for qHTS are potential therapeutics for OvCa metastasis. Citation Format: Hilary A. Kenny, Madhu Lal, Min Shen, Dominik Nahotko, Sarah Fazal, Siquan Chen, Chun-Yi Chiang, Betul Kara, S. Diane Yamada, Kyle Brimacombe, Juan Marugan, Marc Ferrer and Ernst Lengyel. QUANTITATIVE HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING USING AN ORGANOTYPIC MODEL IDENTIFIES TWO KINASE INHIBITORS THAT INHIBIT OVARIAN CANCER METASTASIS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 13-15, 2018; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2019;25(22 Suppl):Abstract nr NT-097.
Self-assembly of the JC virus major capsid protein, VP1, expressed in insect cells. (1997)

The major capsid protein of human polyomavirus JC virus, VP1, has been cloned into a baculovirus genome and expressed in insect cells. The VP1 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and transported into the nucleus. It was then purified by a sucrose cushion and CsCl density gradient centrifugation to near homogeneity. Electron microscopy showed that isolated recombinant VP1 protein self-assembled into a capsid-like structure similar to the natural empty capsid. Both chelator (EDTA) and reducing agent (DTT) are required to disrupt the capsid structure into the pentameric capsomeres, as demonstrated by haemagglutination assay and electron microscopy. These results suggest that JC virus VP1 can be transported into the nucleus and self-assembled to form capsid-like particles without the involvement of the viral minor capsid proteins, VP2 and VP3. In addition, metal ions and disulphide bonds appear to be important in maintaining the integrity of the viral capsid structure.
Two-and Three-Dimensional Simulations of Vibration and Percolation Behavior of Particles by Particle Element Method. (1997)

振動流動場での粒子群運動と粒子径が相対的に小さい一個のトレーサ粒子の粒子層内パーコレーションに対し, 粒子要素法による二次元と三次元シミュレーションを行い, 次元の違いによるシミュレーション結果の相違について検討した.二次元シミュレーションに比較して, 三次元での粒子群の振動運動は活発であり, 粒子は相互に互換運動する傾向を示す.また, 粒子層表面に配置されたトレーサ粒子は, 二次元シミュレーションでは層上部に留まるのに対して, 三次元では時間とともに粒子層下部へと沈降し, パーコレーションが速やかに起こる.粒子パーコレーションにおける解析次元の相違を粒子間通過を表すモデルによって考察すると, 二次元解析でのトレーサ粒子の通過に必要な粒子間間隔に比べ, 三次元でのそれは広い.これが三次元シミュレーションでのトレーサ粒子のパーコレーションを容易に進行させたものと考えられる.これより, 振動流動場での粒子群の運動とパーコレーションにおける二次元と三次元シミュレーションの相違は, 振動時の空隙率と空隙構造の差に起因するものと考えられる.
Hagedoorn's plus‐minus method: the beauty of simplicity (2001)

Hagedoorn developed the plus‐minus method with the objective of providing the exploration world with a simple and rapid approximation of Thornburgh's wavefront reconstruction method. Straightforward adding and subtracting produces depths and velocities at all geophones where the refracted waves from a set of reciprocal shots are first arrivals. Even though seismic refraction has not kept up with the revolutionary advance of reflection technology during the past decades, the method still has a lot to offer, especially in shallow engineering, and environmental, groundwater and sea‐bed surveying. Its strong points are the ease of application, the low costs, the effectiveness in the shallow zone, the unique ability to provide detailed velocity information on the deepest refractor and the capability for producing parameters for layer and rock characterization.Because of its simplicity, the plus‐minus method is ideally suited for real‐time processing of refraction data in the field, thus monitoring the data quality and the optimal shot configuration. Today, such field processing is easily performed with a laptop and dedicated software. matlab ® is a software package that enables tailor‐made processing, offering a combination of a programming language, visualization tools and a large library of ready‐made functions. This paper presents a plus‐minus program developed in matlab and illustrates its application with a case study in Yemen, where seismic refraction was used in a regional groundwater study. Here, refraction provided not only a detailed section across the recharge area of a coastal plain but also the additional information needed to reduce ambiguity in the interpretation of the vertical electrical soundings made in the area.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Occurrence of Two Polymorphs of Rb2Sc[Si4O10]F and Their Structural, Spectroscopic and Computational Characterization. (2014)

Abstract Single crystals of two forms of Rb 2 Sc[Si 4 O 10 ]F within the same run are obtained from mixtures of Sc 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and RbF (Pt tube, 1373 K, 2 h).