gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal and solution structure of 2',5'-arabinosylcytidine monophosphate. Influence of phosphorus-oxygen-carbon bond angles on the proton-phosphorus vicinal coupling constants in the phosphorus-oxygen-carbon-hydrogen fragments (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and solution structure of 2',5'-arabinosylcytidine monophosphate. Influence of phosphorus-oxygen-carbon bond angles on the proton-phosphorus vicinal coupling constants in the phosphorus-oxygen-carbon-hydrogen fragmentsWei-Jen Kung, Richard E. Marsh, and Masatsune KainoshoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 16, 5471–5477Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00458a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00458a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lattice expansion in nonoxidized FePt nanoparticles: X-ray absorption measurements (2008)

Wet-chemically synthesized FePt nanoparticles were structurally characterized not only in the as-prepared state but also after the removal of organic ligands and reduction in Fe oxides by a soft in situ hydrogen plasma treatment. By the analyses of the extended x-ray absorption fine structures at the Pt ${L}_{3}$ absorption edge, we found an enhanced lattice constant with respect to the bulk material for the oxide-free nanoparticles with clean surfaces. This shows that there exists a lattice expansion in FePt nanoparticles, which is an intrinsic property of the particles, and neither caused by Fe oxides at the surface nor by the organic ligands surrounding the nanoparticles in the as-prepared state. In addition, a first evidence of an inhomogeneous composition within the nanoparticles is given.
Design, construction and testing of a COC 3D flow-over flow-through bioreactor for hepatic cell culture (2015)

In this poster, we present the joint development efforts for a 3D microfluidic bioreactor for hepatic cell cultures. Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC) was selected for constructing the bioreactor, since the material has good chemical resistance, low adsorption and good optical properties, including low auto-fluorescence. A downside of COC is that it is much more difficult to structure than more traditional microfluidic materials, such as PDMS, PMMA, … Two parallel approaches were developed for structuring the COC. In a first approach, mechanical micro-milling of the channels allows for extremely fast manufacturing of new design variations, at the expense of difficulties in scalability to mass-production and a channel surface that requires post-processing to achieve sufficient optical quality. In a second approach, hot embossing using epoxy molds allows for direct structuring of optical grade channels and is scalable to mass production, at the expense of longer cycle time in the development of new channel designs. To facilitate the handling of the bioreactor, a holder was designed to provide the fluidic connections to a pump,ensuring medium exchange and sampling to down-stream sensors connected to the outlets. The design of the bioreactor was intended to maintain and expose pre-formed hepatic co-culture spheroids to toxicants for more than a week. Once seeded, spheroids rest on a polycarbonate membrane with 12 µm pore size, allowing the medium to flow-through, while flow-over is maintained to avoid an excess pressure on the cells. In a single bioreactor, 9 wells are connected to a common inlet to provide the cells with fresh culture medium or test compounds. On a first cell culture trial, it was possible to visually detect the spheroids in the wells after seeding, however, after 1 week of culture there was no possibility to accurately detect the presence and viability of the cells. In the framework of HeMiBio, significant progress has been made towards producing a 3D COC-based bioreactor for hepatic cell culture, and most technological hurdles in producing prototype reactors have been overcome. Further testing is needed to see which improvements to the reactor or the flow conditions should be made to ensure cell viability.
After the BlockCLoud Apocalypse (2018)

In 2038 we have lived though a decade during which the world's global computational infrastructure undermined privacy and trust in virtually every aspect of our lives. The problems were seen far in advance, but it was commonplace belief that a combination of cryptography and more distributed responsibilty in systems---'blockchains for everything, and all hail the cloud'---would together restore what had been lost in the first decades of the 21st century. As it turned out, it was these very technologies that ended up destroying the privacy and trust we had left.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids: Applications in Heterocyclic Synthesis (2013)

Abstract Review: 50 refs.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Resveratrol and P-glycoprotein Inhibitors Enhance the Anti-Skin Cancer Effects of Ursolic Acid (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 75K, , Figure S1: Representative experiments for data in tables 1 and 2, showing the enhancing effect of 50 or 100 microM VRP, CsA, or RES on UA-mediated cytotoxicity in MT1/2 or Ca3/7 cells (n=3/exp, * indicates p&lt;0.05 between UA+veh and UA+50microM, # indicates p&lt;0.05 between UA+veh and UA+100microM).&lt;/p&gt;
Nickel-Loaded SSZ-13 Zeolite-Based Sensor for the Direct Electrical Readout Detection of NO2 (2021)

A novel sensor composed of a nickel-loaded SSZ-13 zeolite membrane on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) is demonstrated as a direct electrical NO2 readout sensor. This NO2 adsorbent is made by homogeneously loading SSZ-13 zeolite with nickel(II) through a liquid-phase ion-exchange procedure. Exposure of the zeolite-based sensor to trace NO2 gas elicits an electrical impedance response measured at a single frequency. The sensor shows the same final change in impedance magnitude upon equilibration to different concentrations of trace NO2 in N2, suggesting that the occupation and eventual saturation of adsorption sites lead to the impedance change. However, the NO2 concentration can be determined through analysis of the rate of impedance change, where lower concentrations of NO2 lead to larger time constants with a logarithmic relationship to the NO2 concentration. Two time constants were observed from the linearized impedance plots, a fast one (τ1) and a slow one (τ2), where τ2 showed a larger dependence on the NO2 concentration, increasing faster than τ1 as the NO2 concentration decreased. Furthermore, the Ni-SSZ-13 sensor response is partially reversible in an inert gas environment, indicating the reversible adsorption of NO2 at nickel surface sites. Under exposure to humid air, differentiation between humid air and dry 5 ppm NO2 is accomplished by examination of the real component of the impedance signal. The resulting NO2 atmosphere shows an increase in the real component (more resistive), whereas the humid air shows a decrease (more capacitive). These results indicate that control of metal-ion loading into SSZ-13 may allow these NO2 selective catalytic reduction catalysts to be further leveraged as low-temperature NO2 sensors.
The Control of Pb Loss for PZT Based FRAM (2002)

The requirements for future ferroelectric non-volatile memories (FRAM) include lower operating voltages, higher densities and tighter design rules. In order to achieve these requirements the key component of the FRAM device, viz., the PbZr x Ti 1 m x O 3 (PZT) thin film capacitor must be scaled dimensionally to obtain reduced film thickness and capacitor area. This paper discusses the innfluence of the Pb deficient surface layer, visible under SEM, on the ferroelectric performance of PZT thin films. Tight control Pb loss during PZT thin film processing is shown to be effective to eliminate Pb deficient surface layers; this gives rise to a dramatically improved ferroelectric performance of thickness scaled PZT thin films that can be applied to the manufacturing of low voltage FRAM products.
Ribavirin and interferon alfa‐2b in chronic hepatitis C: assessment of possible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions (1998)

There was no evidence of pharmacokinetic interactions between IFN and ribavirin in this study. There were numerical trends indicating that the combination of IFN and ribavirin reduced titers of HCV-RNA to a greater extent than did either treatment alone, and the safety profile of combination therapy was similar to those of both monotherapy treatments.
pH-Sensitive Ionomeric Particles Obtained via Chemical Conjugation of Silk with Poly(amino acid)s (2010)

Silk-fibroin-based biomaterials have been widely utilized for a range of biomaterial-related systems. For all these previously reported systems, the β-sheet forming feature of the silk was the key stabilizing element of the final material structure. Herein, we describe a different strategy, based on the engineering of silk-based ionomers that can yield stable colloidal composites or particle suspensions through electrostatic interactions. These silk-based ionomers were obtained by carbodiimide-mediated coupling of silk fibroin with polylysine hydrobromide and polyglutamic acid sodium salts, respectively. Colloidal composites could be obtained by mixing the ionomeric pair at high concentration (i.e., 25% w/v), while combining them at lower concentrations (i.e., 5% w/v) yielded particle suspensions. The assembly of the ionomers was driven by electrostatic interactions, pH-dependent, and reversible. The network assembly appeared to be polarized, with the interacting poly(amino acid) chains clustered to the core of the particles and the silk backbone oriented outward. In agreement with this assembly mode, doxorubicin, a hydrophilic antitumor drug, could be released at a slow rate, in a pH-dependent manner, indicating that the inside of the ionomeric particles was mainly hydrophilic in nature.
Geometrical properties of random particles and the extraction of photons from electroluminescent diodes (1974)

A confined random-particle flux (such as photons in an electroluminescent diode, integrating sphere, or room, music or other phonons in an auditorium, gas molecules in an imperfect vacuum chamber, neutrons in a reactor, etc.) is analyzed, and simple expressions are shown to exist for the mean path length, transit time, surface transmissivity, projected area, absorption rate, etc., that arise in its description. The results are applied to a theoretical and experimental analysis of the coupling of photons from their source within an indirect-band-gap electroluminescent diode (or within a sufficiently transparent heterostructure direct-band-gap diode) into the ambient or into a multimode optical fiber. We find that about two-thirds of the internally generated photons will reach air from an encapsulated rough-sawed red-emitting GaP(Zn,O) electroluminescent diode of reasonably high purity and contact reflectivity, whereas in a comparable green-emitting GaP(N) diode only about one-fourth of the photons escape while three-fourths are absorbed within the diode bulk and at its contacts.
Quality of life response to BAROSTIM Therapy (2020)

Abstract Background Patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have poor quality of life as measured by both physical and emotional dimensions. Purpose Evaluate the quality of life in subjects with and without baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) at six months. Methods In a multicenter randomized trial conducted in subjects with NYHA class II (recently III) or III HFrEF, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%, stable optimal guideline directed medical HF therapy (GDMT), no Class 1 indication for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), and NT-proBNP&amp;lt;1600 pg/ml, a total of 264 subjects were randomized to BAROSTIM therapy plus GDMT (BAT group) or GDMT alone (Control group). Quality of life was measured at baseline and six months using the Minnesota Living with HF Questionnaire (MLWHF) and the EuroQol 5-Dimension Long (EQ-5D) tool. From the MLWHF questionnaire, both a physical and an emotional dimension was analyzed using subsets of the 21 questions. From the EQ-5D, the five individual dimensions and the overall health status (0–100, where 100 is best) was analyzed. Results Of the 264 randomized subjects, 120 BAT and 125 Control subjects had 6-month quality of life data. As shown in the table, treatment with BAT resulted in significant improvements in quality of life overall, as well as in the specific dimensions of the quality of life questionnaires, compared to the Control subjects. Conclusion Among subjects with symptomatic HFrEF, treatment with BAT resulted in significant improvement in quality of life at six months. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): CVRx, Inc.
A comparison of multi-carrier OFDM and single carrier iterative equalisation for future high performance wireless local area networks (2003)

There has been a strong trend towards the specification of multi-carrier coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (COFDM) in the physical layer of emerging high performance wireless local area networks (WLAN). This trend is based on an alleged combination of enhanced performance and lower terminal complexity. However, significant advances have been made in the field of single carrier equalisation, where iterative equalisation and decoding now offers excellent error rate performance in slow and fast fading channels. This paper investigates the possibility of employing a single carrier system using iterative equalisation at the receiver as a direct competitor to multi-carrier COFDM. The throughput, range and terminal complexities of a COFDM solution are compared with those of a single carrier iterative equalised approach for identical indoor channel conditions. The paper demonstrates that iterative equalisation outperforms COFDM in an indoor environment. However, from a cost/performance viewpoint, COFDM is still seen as the more attractive solution.
Throughput and latency analysis of the Spidergon-Donut interconnection network (2012)

The Spidergon-Donut on-chip interconnection network was proposed to interconnect the cores of a 1000+ core chip. In this paper, we derive a queueing model for the Spidergon-Donut, and analyze its throughput and latency in comparison with the commercial Spidergon network on which it is based. Results indicate that the Spidergon-Donut throughput is 3–5 times larger than that of the Spidergon network, for 32–4096 cores and the Spidergon-Donut significantly outperforms the Spidergon in network latency under moderate to large traffic rates. Furthermore, for 1K cores, the average distance of the Spidergon-Donut is one tenth that of the Spidergon.
N-Glycomic Profiling of Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancer (2023)

Aberrant glycosylation affects cancer progression and immune evasion. Approximately 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) demonstrate microsatellite instability (MSI) and display major differences in outcomes and therapeutic responses, as compared to corresponding microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. We compared the N-glycan profiles of stage II and IV MSI CRC tumors, further subdivided into BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> wild-type and mutated subgroups (<i>n</i> = 10 in each subgroup), with each other and with those of paired non-neoplastic mucosal samples using mass spectrometry. Further, the N-glycans of BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> wild-type stage II MSI tumors were compared to corresponding MSS tumors (<i>n</i> = 9). Multiple differences in N-glycan profiles were identified between the MSI CRCs and control tissues, as well as between the stage II MSI and MSS samples. The MSI CRC tumors showed a lower relative abundance of high-mannose N-glycans than did the control tissues or the MSS CRCs. Among MSI CRC subgroups, acidic N-glycans showed tumor stage and BRAF mutation status-dependent variation. Specifically, the large, sulfated/phosphorylated, and putative terminal N-acetylhexosamine-containing acidic N-glycans differed between the MSI CRC subgroups, showing opposite changes in stages II and IV, when comparing BRAF mutated and wild-type tumors. Our results show that molecular subgroups of CRC exhibit characteristic glycan profiles that may explain certain carcinogenic properties of MSI tumors.
Novel approaches for stability improvement in natural medicines (2011)

Natural product market has seen tremendous growth in the last few years. It results in the formulation of a number of proprietary herbal products, majority of them being multi-component formulations. With the advancement of herbal drug treatments, it has now been observed that many of the constituents present in the drug may react with each other, raising the serious concern about the stability of such formulations which is an important issue in the field of phytochemistry and natural medicines. Natural products are often prone to deterioration, especially during storage, leading to loss of active component, production of metabolites with no activity and, in extreme cases, production of toxic metabolites. This area needs to be addressed in order to determine the efficacy of the formulation. Understanding the problems related to natural product stability can give the idea of dealing with the stability issues. Modifications of the conventional herbal formulations can deal with the stability problems to a large extent. This article deals with the stability problems and is aimed to provide some tools and techniques to increase stability of natural medicines and herbal formulations.
Sulphur Poisoning and Regeneration of NOx Trap Catalyst for Direct Injected Gasoline Engines (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Sulphur poisoning and regeneration of NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; trap catalysts have been studied in synthetic exhausts and in an engine bench. Sulphur gradually poisoned the NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; storage sites in the axial direction of the NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; trap. During sulphur regenerations, hydrogen was found to be more efficient than carbon monoxide in removing the sulphur from the trap. The sulphur regeneration became more efficient the richer the environment (λ&amp;lt;1) and the higher the temperature (at least 600°C). H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S was found to be the main product during the sulphur regeneration. However, it was possible to reduce the H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S formation and instead produce more SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; by running with lambda close to one or by pulsing lambda. Even if a relatively large amount of sulphur was removed from the NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; trap, these methods gave a much less efficient regeneration per sulphur atom removed than when running relatively rich constantly. Finally, a model that could explain this observation was proposed.&lt;/div&gt;
The edge-to-edge technique: a simplified method to correct mitral insufficiency1 (1998)

Midterm results of this alternative repair technique are promising, considering the high prevalence of complex anatomical lesions. The technique is simple, easily reproducible and rapidly feasible also when mitral exposure is suboptimal.
Physical layer evolution for GSM/EDGE (2002)

EDGE has enabled the GSM network to offer third generation services as part of the UMTS core network. This is due to the introduction of 8PSK modulation and the recent specification of interfaces from the GERAN to the UMTS core network. This paper studies further improvements to the spectral efficiency and capacity of EDGE through the use of more sophisticated adaptive modulation schemes based on QAM, and the use of novel turbo coding schemes. Furthermore, this work considers a novel transmit diversity scheme adapted for use in dispersive channels. We provide performance results for the enhanced system showing tremendous gains. We also use theoretical predictions of outage analysis to predict the gain in performance obtained by the use of higher order modulations and transmit diversity. The gains from theoretical predictions match our simulations almost exactly.
A Majorize–Minimize Strategy for Subspace Optimization Applied to Image Restoration (2012)

© 2011 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. Abstract—This paper proposes accelerated subspace optimization methods in the context of image restoration. Subspace optimization methods belong to the class of iterative descent algorithms for unconstrained optimization. At each iteration of such methods, a stepsize vector allowing the best combination of several search directions is computed through a multidimensional search. It is usually obtained by an inner iterative second-order method ruled by a stopping criterion that guarantees the convergence of the outer algorithm. As an alternative, we propose an original multidimensional search strategy based on the majorize–minimize principle. It leads to a closed-form stepsize formula that ensures the convergence of the subspace algorithm whatever the number of inner iterations. The practical efficiency of the proposed scheme is illustrated in the context of edge-preserving image restoration. Index Terms—Conjugate gradient, image restoration, memory gradient, quadratic majorization, stepsize strategy, subspace optimization. I.
Die Cobalt(I)‐katalysierte asymmetrische [2+2+2]‐Cycloaddition von Alkinen und Nitrilen: Synthese von enantiomerenangereicherten Atropisomeren von 2‐Arylpyridinen (2004)

Atropisomere von 2-Arylpyridinen werden mittels [2+2+2]-Cycloaddition von Alkinen und Nitrilen in Gegenwart chiraler CoI-Katalysatoren wie 1 (1 Mol-%) mit hohen Ausbeuten und bis zu 93 % ee erhalten.
Towards 2‐Silaallenes: Synthesis of Spirocyclic Precursors (1997)

Abstract Reactions of dichlorodivinylsilane ( 2 ) and Li t Bu in a molar ratio 1/1 and 1/2 lead to highly reactive intermediates, which can be trapped by suitable reagents. In the presence of trimethylmethoxysilane, norbornadiene, anthracene and diphenylacetylene, products are formed that provide evidence for the intermediate formation of both the neopentylsilene H 2 C=CH(Cl)Si=CHCH 2 t Bu ( 3 ) and the 2‐silaallene t BuCH 2 CH=Si=CHCH 2 t Bu ( 4 ). The formation of double cycloadducts from 4 is particularly interesting as a preparatively facile route for the synthesis of silaspirocycles such as 13, 16 and 17 , which have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis.