gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalytic activity of MnOx/WO3 nanoparticles: synthesis, structure characterization and oxidative degradation of methylene blue (2014)

MnO<sub>x</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were found to be an effective catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue, an important industrial dye and a problematic pollutant.
Donor–σ–Acceptor Motifs: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Dual Upconversion (2017)

A family of organic emitters with a donor-σ-acceptor (D-σ-A) motif is presented. Owing to the weakly coupled D-σ-A intramolecular charge-transfer state, a transition from the localized excited triplet state (<sup>3</sup> LE) and charge-transfer triplet state (<sup>3</sup> CT) to the charge-transfer singlet state (<sup>1</sup> CT) occurred with a small activation energy and high photoluminescence quantum efficiency. Two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) components were identified, one of which has a very short lifetime of 200-400 ns and the other a longer TADF lifetime of the order of microseconds. In particular, the two D-σ-A materials presented strong blue emission with TADF properties in toluene. These results will shed light on the molecular design of new TADF emitters with short delayed lifetimes.
Cyclic sulfates: useful substrates for selective nucleophilic substitution (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclic sulfates: useful substrates for selective nucleophilic substitutionMarc S. Berridge, Mark P. Franceschini, Eric Rosenfeld, and Timothy J. TewsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 4, 1211–1217Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00291a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00291a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2960Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anterior segment dysgenesis and the developmental glaucomas are complex traits (2002)

Glaucoma refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that involve retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve damage, and loss of visual field. Glaucoma is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide, affecting an estimated 67 million people. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Individuals with malformations of structures of the anterior segment of the eye frequently develop elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma. In this review, we focus on the developmental glaucomas, the subset of glaucomas associated with anterior segment dysgenesis. To minimize overlap with other reviews in this issue and elsewhere, we highlight the complex, multifactorial nature of these diseases and recent advances using mice.
Electric Utility Applications Of Fabric Filters (1977)

Encouraged by the successes attained with fly ash control by fabric filters in Pennsylvania Power & Light and Colorado Ute, other utilities are installing, planning, and/or considering baghouses as a practical and economical means for controlling emissions from the burning of low sulfur coals. Where deposits of alkaline reagents (i.e. nahcolite) are available, some power plants are also considering a process for dry scrubbing SO2 from the flue gas. By introducing such reagents with the emission ahead of the fabric collector, both partlculates and SO2 are removed.
Effects of Biochar on Soil Quality and Heavy Metal Availability in a Military Shooting Range Soil in Korea (2011)

Heavy metal remediation in shooting range soil is a challenge over the world. The excessive Pb accumulation in the soil can deteriorate soil quality and fertility. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the efficiency of biochar (BC) in improving the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil and to evaluate its effect on Pb availability in a military shooting range soil. Sandy loam soil was collected from shooting range of Gyeonggi Province, South Korea and was incubated for 30 days with different application rates (0-30% w <TEX>$w^{-1}$</TEX>) of BC. The results showed that the addition of BC increased aggregate stability, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents, and enzyme activities in soil. Sequential extraction showed that residual and organic bound fractions in the soil amended with BC increased by 33.1 and 16.7%, respectively, and the exchangeable fraction decreased by 93.7% in the soil amended with BC, compared to the unamended soil. We concluded that the application of BC could not only improve physicochemical and biological soil qualities but also stabilize Pb in a shooting range soil.
Study of Karpoor Ghrita and Povidine Iodine in Sadyo Vrana (2015)

Aims: Study ofÂ local use of Karpoor ghrita andÂ Povidone- IodineÂ in Sadyovrana. Objectives: 1.To study comparative effect of karpoor ghrita and Povidone- Iodine in sadyovrana. 2. To study assess the effect of â€˜karpoor ghritaâ€™ in minimizing infections after injury. 3. To study compare the days for wound healing for both drugs. As the reference has been quoted from Sadyo Vrana Chikitsadhyaya, the formulation of this medicine is to be used only in Sadyo Vranas i.e. Shuddha Vrana. Methods: In this study 60 Diagnosed Patients OfÂ sadyovranaÂ were Taken From O.P.D And I.P.D Of Shalyatantra Department OfÂ hospital. Clinical was Conducted.Computer Generated Random Number Table Were Used For Clinical Trial.Â Trial group 30 Patients OfÂ karpoor ghrita dressing and control group 30 patients of povidone- iodine dressing Â were Enrolled Under Following Groups Irrespective Of Sex And Religion. Observations and results: In this clinical study it is seen that, Clinical parameters like Vedana,, Varna, Akruti, Gandha, were significantly reduced after treatment in Trial group than in Control Group and srava showed equal results. Number of Days required for ropan were less in Trial group than that in Control Group. After testing the effectiveness of Karpoorghrita treatment against the Standard betadine Treatment, results showed that The Karpoorghrita treatment has better results than the Standard betadine in Sadyovrana Patients.Â
Ligand Modulation of the Epstein-Barr Virus-induced Seven-transmembrane Receptor EBI2 (2011)

The Epstein-Barr virus-induced receptor 2 (EBI2) is a constitutively active seven-transmembrane receptor, which was recently shown to orchestrate the positioning of B cells in the follicle. To date, no ligands, endogenously or synthetic, have been identified that modulate EBI2 activity. Here we describe an inverse agonist, GSK682753A, which selectively inhibited the constitutive activity of EBI2 with high potency and efficacy. In cAMP-response element-binding protein-based reporter and guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTPγS) binding assays, the potency of this compound was 2.6-53.6 nm, and its inhibitory efficacy was 75%. In addition, we show that EBI2 constitutively activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a pertussis toxin-insensitive manner. Intriguingly, GSK682753A inhibited ERK phosphorylation, GTPγS binding, and cAMP-response element-binding protein activation with similar potency. Overexpression of EBI2 profoundly potentiated antibody-stimulated ex vivo proliferation of murine B cells compared with WT cells, whereas this was equivalently reduced for EBI2-deficient B cells. Inhibition of EBI2 constitutive activity suppressed the proliferation in all cases. Importantly, the suppression was of much higher potency (32-fold) in WT or EBI2-overexpressing B cells compared with EBI2-deficient counterparts. Finally, we screened GSK682753A against an EBI2 mutant library to determine putative molecular binding determinants in EBI2. We identified Phe(111) at position III:08/3.32 as being crucial for GSK682753A inverse agonism because Ala substitution resulted in a >500-fold decrease in IC(50). In conclusion, we present the first ligand targeting EBI2. In turn, this molecule provides a useful tool for further characterization of EBI2 as well as serving as a potent lead compound.
Contraction of Cultured Rat Glomerular Cells of Apparent Mesangial Origin after Stimulation with Angiotensin II and Arginine Vasopressin (1980)

Studies to identify the physiological role of glomerular mesangial cells were undertaken using homogeneous cultures of rat glomerular cells of apparent mesangial origin (MS). Cultured MS cells were treated with arginine vasopressin (AVP), angiotensin II (AGII), prostaglandin E(2), and parathyroid hormone. AVP (0.1 nM) and AGII (1 nM) stimulated contraction of MS cells in vitro that was complete by 2 min at 37 degrees C or 10 min at 23 degrees C as observed by phase contrast and electron microscopy. Relaxation recurred 15 min after hormonal addition at 23 degrees C. Similar experiments in cloned rat glomerular epithelial cells or "renin"-producing cells did not demonstrate a contractile response. The contraction of MS cells was independent of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production, even when cyclic nucleotides were measured as early as 30 s after hormonal stimulation. To demonstrate that contraction was a function of hormone-receptor interaction, binding of [(3)H](8-lysine)vasopressin was studied. Specific binding for 1.6 and 5 nM hormone was both time- and dose-dependent. The estimated apparent affinity was 10 nM. In late MS cell passages (>16th) that no longer demonstrated hormone-stimulated contraction, no specific binding of [(3)H](8-lysine)vasopressin was observed. Incubations were modified to optimize the conditions for detecting the effect of hormones on cell cyclic nucleotide content. A supramaximal concentration of AVP (200 nM) increased the cAMP content of MS cells twofold in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Similar experiments with prostaglandin E(2) (1 mug/ml) led to a 1.5-6-fold increase in MS cell cAMP content, but no effect on contraction was observed. Neither hormone altered cGMP content. These data are further support for the independence of contraction and cyclic nucleotide production. Our studies suggest that MS cells are the equivalent of smooth muscle cells in the glomerulus and that their contraction may be important in control of glomerular filtration.
Model of the molecular actions of NO-cGMP signaling and HU. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;While the current study has shown hematologic effects of NO-cGMP signaling on RBCs and leukocytes, the molecular actions of HU are yet to be elucidated. NO may be generated when HU is metabolized in the liver (pathway 1). HU may reduce leukocyte counts by inhibiting DNA synthesis through ribonucleotide reductase (pathway 2) [&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144561#pone.0144561.ref058" target="_blank"&gt;58&lt;/a&gt;] or GM-CSF (pathway 3) [&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144561#pone.0144561.ref056" target="_blank"&gt;56&lt;/a&gt;]. cGMP induces HbF expression [&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144561#pone.0144561.ref021" target="_blank"&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] and inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase may account in part for leukocyte reduction and HbF induction [&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144561#pone.0144561.ref061" target="_blank"&gt;61&lt;/a&gt;]. This study suggests that cGMP may also be associated with a rise in total hemoglobin (Hb) and a decrease in leukocyte count. Solid lines represent molecular actions noted in the literature and dotted lines indicate those examined in this study.&lt;/p&gt;
Surfaces of Solids. XII. An Absolute Method for the Determination of the Area of a Finely Divided Crystalline Solid (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurfaces of Solids. XII. An Absolute Method for the Determination of the Area of a Finely Divided Crystalline SolidWilliam D. Harkins and George JuraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 8, 1362–1366Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01236a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01236a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views697Altmetric-Citations220LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Geração de oxigenio singlete na degradação de malonaldeido por peroxidase (1982)

A oxidacao aerobica de Malonaldeido catalizada por peroxidase produz oxigenio singlete, cuja formacao pode ser explicado pelo mecanismo de Russell. Foram feitos estudos cineticos por consumo de O2 e emissao de luz, encontrando-se as melhores condicoes para aIta emissao de luz. O sistema obedece uma cinetica tipica de Michaelis-Menten. Foi observada urna diminuicao da enzima nativa (HRP) concomitantemente ao aparecimento de HRP-I e HRP-II. Foram calculados os valores de b (para guanosina, histidina, bilirrubina e DNA) e valores de t para oxigenio singlete. A acao de oxigenio singlete gerado no sistema enzimatico causa rnodificacoes no DNA, observadas por absorcao na regiao U.V. possivelmente a base guanina seja atingida, verificacao feita pelos estudos da fluorescencia do cation lantanideo Tb. Tambem foi observada a formacao do complexo M.A.-DNA e a acao do oxigenio singlete sobre a lisozima; neste ultimo caso foi observada a destruicao de triptofano e metionina. 
Abstract
Relationship between the Effects on Bactericidal Activity of Selected Disinfectants and the Hydrophobic Characters of Dibasic Acid Diesters. (1992)

We prepared test solutions which contained 80% (v/v) ethanol and 0.2% (w/v) chlorhexidine (CH) or benzalkonium chloride (BC) with or without a dibasic acid diester. After complete evaporation of the ethanol from the solution on filter paper, an overnight broth culture (Staphylococcus aureus) was repeatedly inoculated onto the filter paper, and viable bacterial counts were measured at 5 min after the last inoculation. By comparison with viable counts for CH or BC alone, we estimated the potentiating effects of dibasic acid diester on the bactericidal activity of CH or BC, and confirmed that this activity of the two disinfectants was potentiated in the presence of certain compounds in the homologs of di-n-butyl esters of aliphatic dibasic acid, and di-alkyl esters of adipic and phthalic acid. Diisobutyl adipate, one of the most effective diesters, substantially enhanced the bactericidal activities of benzethonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, as well as CH and BC, but not those of polyhexamethylene biguanide or alkyldiaminoethyl glycinate. The potentiating effects of dibasic acid diesters observed for both CH and BC seemed to be affected by the hydrophobic character of these diesters themselves and are also expressed well by a particular quadratic equation as a function of these characters: namely, capacity factors, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance in cyclohexane transformation by Bi2O3/MCM-41 nanocomposite materials (2017)

The nanoparticles of Bi2O3 supported on mesoporous MCM-41 were prepared in a simple way and were well characterized. The oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone under 1 atmospheric pressure of air in the absence of any solvent and reducing agents with Bi2O3/MCM-41 nanocomposites were considered. These nanoparticles of Bi2O3 supported on mesoporous MCM-41 were found to be the very effective catalysts for cyclohexane oxidation with air in a temperature range of 280–370 ˚C. The influences of reaction temperature, the loading amount of Bi2O3 and space velocity on the oxidation of cyclohexane were also studied, and optimized conditions were investigated.
Virtual gain for audio windows (1993)

Audio windowing is a front-end, or user interface, to an audio system with a spatial sound backend. Besides the directionalization of the DSP spatialization, gain adjustment is used to control the volume of the various sources. Virtual gain can be synthesized from components derived from iconic size, distance, orientation, and directivity, and selectivity enabled according to room-wise partitioning of sources across sinks. The authors describe the mathematical derivation of the calculation of virtual gain, and outlines the deployment of these calculations in an audio windowing system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Versatile, highly reconfigurable, high bandwidth, radio frequency and microwave photonic Hilbert transformers with soliton crystal Kerr micro-comb sources (2022)

&lt;p&gt;We experimentally demonstrate bandwidth-tunable RF photonic Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source. The micro-comb is generated by an integrated micro-ring resonator with a free spectral range of 48.9 GHz, yielding 75 micro-comb lines in the telecom C-band. By programming and shaping the generated comb lines according to calculated tap weights, we demonstrate high-speed Hilbert transform functions with tunable bandwidths ranging from 1.2 GHz to 15.3 GHz, switchable center frequencies from baseband to 9.5 GHz, and arbitrary fractional orders. The experimental results show good agreement with theory and confirm the effectiveness of our approach.&lt;/p&gt;
Evidence of nonlinear diffusion in KTP waveguides (2020)

Integrated $χ^{(2)}$ devices are a widespread tool for the generation and manipulation of light fields, since they exhibit high efficiency, small footprint and the ability to interface them with fibre networks. Surprisingly many things are not fully understood until now, in particular the fabrication of structures in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP). A thorough understanding of the fabrication process and analysis of spatial properties is crucial for the realization and the engineering of high efficiency devices for quantum applications. In this paper we present our studies on rubidium-exchanged waveguides fabricated in KTP. Employing energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), we analysed a set of waveguides fabricated with different production parameters in terms of time and temperature. We find that the waveguide depth is dependent on their widths by reconstructing the waveguide depth profiles. Narrower waveguides are deeper, contrary to the theoretical model usually employed. Moreover, we found that the variation of the penetration depth with the waveguide width is stronger at higher temperatures and times. We attribute this behaviour to stress-induced variation in the diffusion process.
Lactate Clearance vs Central Venous Oxygen Saturation as Goals of Early Sepsis Therapy<subtitle>A Randomized Clinical Trial</subtitle> (2010)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00372502.
Total Synthesis of CRM646-A and -B, Two Fungal Glucuronides with Potent Heparinase Inhibition Activities (2005)

[reaction: see text] CRM646-A (1) and -B (2), two fungal glucuronides with a dimeric 2,4-dihydroxy-6-alkylbenzoic acid (orcinol p-depside) aglycone showing significant heparinase and telomerase inhibition activities, were synthesized for the first time. The successful approach involved construction of the phenol glucuronidic linkage, via coupling of the orsellinate derivative 27 with glucuronate bromide 7, before assembly of the phenolic ester linkage in the depside aglycone. Attempts via direct glycosylation of the depside aglycone derivatives were not successful.
Ketamine Pharmacology: An Update (Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Aspects, Recent Findings) (2013)

For more than 50 years, ketamine has proven to be a safe anesthetic drug with potent analgesic properties. The active enantiomer is S(+)-ketamine. Ketamine is mostly metabolized in norketamine, an active metabolite. During "dissociative anesthesia", sensory inputs may reach cortical receiving areas, but fail to be perceived in some association areas. Ketamine also enhances the descending inhibiting serotoninergic pathway and exerts antidepressive effects. Analgesic effects persist for plasma concentrations ten times lower than hypnotic concentrations. Activation of the (N-Methyl-D-Aspartate [NMDA]) receptor plays a fundamental role in long-term potentiation but also in hyperalgesia and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. The antagonism of NMDA receptor is responsible for ketamine's more specific properties. Ketamine decreases the "wind up" phenomenon, and the antagonism is more important if the NMDA channel has been previously opened by the glutamate binding ("use dependence"). Experimentally, ketamine may promote neuronal apoptotic lesions but, in usual clinical practice, it does not induce neurotoxicity. The consequences of high doses, repeatedly administered, are not known. Cognitive disturbances are frequent in chronic users of ketamine, as well as frontal white matter abnormalities. Animal studies suggest that neurodegeneration is a potential long-term risk of anesthetics in neonatal and young pediatric patients.
Molecular Cloning, Bioinformatics Analysis and Expression Profiling of a Gene Encoding Vacuolar-type $H^+-ATP$ Synthetase (V-ATPase) c Subunit from Bombyx mori (2007)

As the genome of B.mori is available in GenBank and the EST database of B.mori is expanding, identification of novel genes of B.mori is conceivable by data-mining techniques. We used the in silico cloning method to get the vacuolar-type synthetase (V-ATPase) c subunit (16 kDa proteolipid subunit) gene of B.mori and analysed with bioinformatics tools. The result was confirmed by RT-PCR and sequencing. The V-ATPase c subunit cDNA contains a 468 bp ORF. The ORF encoded a 155-residue protein that showed extensive homology with V-ATPase c subunits from other 15 species and contained four membrane-spanning helices. Tissue expression pattern analysis revealed that V-ATPase c expressed strongly in Malpighian tubules, not in fat body. This gene has been registered in GenBank under the accession number EU082222.