gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potent Agonists of the Protease Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2) (2011)

Novel peptidomimetic pharmacophores to PAR(2) were designed based on the known activating peptide SLIGRL-NH(2). A set of 15 analogues was evaluated with a model cell line (16HBE14o-) that highly expresses PAR(2). Cells exposed to the PAR(2) activating peptide with N-terminal 2-furoyl modification (2-furoyl-LIGRLO-NH(2)) initiated increases in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i) EC(50) = 0.84 μM) and in vitro physiological responses as measured by the xCELLigence real time cell analyzer (RTCA EC(50) = 138 nM). We discovered two selective PAR(2) agonists with comparable potency: compound 1 (2-aminothiazol-4-yl; Ca(2+) EC(50) = 1.77 μM, RTCA EC(50) = 142 nM) and compound 2 (6-aminonicotinyl; Ca(2+) EC(50) = 2.60 μM, RTCA EC(50) = 311 nM). Unlike the previously described agonist, these novel agonists are devoid of the metabolically unstable 2-furoyl modification and thus provide potential advantages for PAR(2) peptide design for in vitro and in vivo studies. The novel compounds described herein also serve as a starting point for structure-activity relationship (SAR) design and are, for the first time, evaluated via a unique high throughput in vitro physiological assay. Together these will lead to discovery of more potent agonists and antagonists of PAR(2).
Kerberos Cryptosystem Negotiation Extension (2006)

This document specifies an extension to the Kerberos protocol as defined in RFC 4120, in which the client can send a list of supported encryption types in decreasing preference order, and the server then selects an encryption type that is supported by both the client and the server.
Memory-hierarchy management (1993)

The trend in high-performance microprocessor design is toward increasing computational power on the chip. Microprocessors can now process dramatically more data per machine cycle than previous models. Unfortunately, memory speeds have not kept pace. The result is an imbalance between computation speed and memory speed. This imbalance is leading machine designers to use more complicated memory hierarchies. In turn, programmers are explicitly restructuring codes to perform well on particular memory systems, leading to machine-specific programs.\nIt is our belief that machine-specific programming is a step in the wrong direction. Compilers, not programmers, should handle machine-specific implementation details. To this end, this thesis develops and experiments with compiler algorithms that manage the memory hierarchy of a machine for floating-point intensive numerical codes. Specifically, we address the following issues:\nScalar replacement. Lack of information concerning the flow of array values in standard data-flow analysis prevents the capturing of array reuse in registers. We develop and experiment with a technique to perform scalar replacement in the presence of conditional-control flow to expose array reuse to standard data-flow algorithms.\nUnroll-and-jam. Many loops require more data per cycle than can be processed by the target machine. We present and experiment with an automatic technique to apply unroll-and-jam to such loops to reduce their memory requirements.\nLoop interchange. Cache locality in programs run on advanced microprocessors is critical to performance. We develop and experiment with a technique to order loops within a nest to attain good cache locality.\nBlocking. Iteration-space blocking is a technique used to attain temporal locality within cache. Although it has been applied to "simple" kernels, there has been no investigation into its applicability over a range of algorithmic styles. We show how to apply blocking to loops with trapezoidal-, rhomboidal-, and triangular-shaped iteration spaces. In addition, we show how to overcome certain complex dependence patterns.\nExperiments with the above techniques have shown that integer-factor speedups on a single chip are possible. These results reveal that many numerical algorithms can be expressed in a natural, machine-independent form while retaining good memory performance through the use of compiler optimizations.
Fabry–Perot fiber-optic sensors in full-scale fatigue testing on an F-15 aircraft (1992)

We report results from fiber-optic-sensor field tests on an F-15 aircraft mounted within a full-scale test frame for the purpose of fatigue testing. Strain sensitivities of the order of 0.01 μm/m have been obtained.
Cryo surgery for allergic and vasomotor rhinitis (1979)

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A Phg2-Adrm1 Pathway Participates in the Nutrient-controlled Developmental Response in Dictyostelium (2006)

Dictyostelium amoebae grow as single cells but upon starvation they initiate multicellular development. Phg2 was characterized previously as a kinase controlling cellular adhesion and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Here we report that Phg2 also plays a role during the transition between growth and multicellular development, as evidenced by the fact that phg2 mutant cells can initiate development even in the presence of nutrients. Even at low cell density and in rich medium, phg2 mutant cells express discoidin, one of the earliest predevelopmental markers. Complementation studies indicate that, in addition to the kinase domain, the core region of Phg2 is involved in the initiation of development. In this region, a small domain contiguous with a previously described ras-binding domain was found to interact with the Dictyostelium ortholog of the mammalian adhesion-regulating molecule (ADRM1). In addition, adrm1 knockout cells also exhibit abnormal initiation of development. These results suggest that a Phg2-Adrm1 signaling pathway is involved in the control of the transition from growth to differentiation in Dictyostelium. Phg2 thus plays a dual role in the control of cellular adhesion and initiation of development.
Evaluation of T-Way Testing of DNNs in Autonomous Driving Systems (2021)

A Deep Neural Network (DNN) model is used to perform intelligent, safety-critical tasks in Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS). In our prior work, we proposed a combinatorial testing approach to test DNN models used to predict a car's steering angle. We generate test images by applying a set of combinations of basic image transformations. In this paper, we report a preliminary study that compares the performance of synthetic images generated using a combinatorial approach to DeepTest, a state-of-the-art tool that aims at generating test inputs that maximize neuron coverage. We present an experimental evaluation by measuring and comparing the neuron coverage achieved using the two approaches. Two pre-trained DNN models from the Udacity driving challenge are used as the subject DNNs. The results suggest that the combinatorial approach performs better than the DeepTest approach in generating valid synthetic images and covering an additional number of neurons.
Business Case Hydrogen Infrastructure (2010)

Introduction, Scope and MethodologyA hydrogen refuelling infrastructure is more complex than other fuel infrastructures due to the number of technology options, the site-and volume-dependent cost structure, the varying CO 2 emissions burden depending on hydrogen source and the risks and conflict of interests of the players involved.Market economics alone cannot lead to a successful breakthrough of this technology; a coordinated and concerted approach is needed for the early introduction.A case study has been conducted to realistically simulate the build-up of hydrogen use in transportation and refuelling infrastructure in the Greater Oslo Area in Norway.The H2INVEST model was used to simulate the hydrogen infrastructure and to perform business analyses for the region.The model creates sets of refuelling sites allowing for maximum user convenience, estimates the hydrogen demand at these locations over time, and creates costoptimum spatially and timely discrete production and distribution infrastructure to supply the hydrogen to the sites, respecting potential policy measures. 1 Then, these results were utilized for a detailed business analysis, focussing on the five stations with highest and lowest demand, respectively.The paper highlights key results of the case study in terms of refuelling station build-up, hydrogen supply infrastructure and subsidy models.Conclusions will be drawn on the requirement of subsidies and levelling mechanisms between high-and low-demand stations.
A Mechanical Oscillograph for Routine Tests of Rubber and Rubber-Like Materials (1940)

Abstract The oscillograph described has been developed primarily as a laboratory instrument to evaluate rubber and Neoprene compounds for mechanical applications. It is complete in itself as a means of measuring all of the quantities inherently involved in such service in units which are understandable to rubber technologists and mechanical engineers alike. It is hoped that it may serve its purpose by bringing into closer cooperation those who make and those who use rubber springs. The details of the test have been carefully developed, and it is expected that the machine and standard test-specimen described will not need essential modification for routine use. However, enough background has been given so that the machine may be modified in accordance with definite principles in order to gain greater load capacity if required. The test has been restricted thus far to compression. The author expects to adapt the machine to tests in shear, and by correlation between shear data and compression data to obtain figures capable of substitution in relationships already offered by other investigators for calculations in the applications and design of rubber springs. This field of calculation is complicated and in an early state of development, but by the use of the oscillograph it should be easier to obtain the quantities of information required to clarify our understanding of the mechanical characteristics of rubber-like materials within the range of deformation encountered in structural use.
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Neuroblastoma Cells: Lack of Effect of Veratrum Alkaloids on Receptor Number (1984)

The effect of compounds that activate sodium channels on the number of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in neuroblastoma NIE 115 cells has been investigated. The cells were used in electrically unexcitable ("control" cells) and excitable ("differentiated" cells) states. Although receptor assays using a single concentration of the radioligand [3H]scopolamine methyl chloride indicated a loss of receptors after a 6-h incubation of cells with veratrine, no true loss of receptors was seen with any of the compounds tested (veratridine, veratrine, aconitine) when full saturation analyses were performed in either control or differentiated cells. The apparent receptor loss seen with veratrine was due to a muscarinic receptor-active component of veratrine (not veratridine) occluded by the cells and released into the binding assays upon cell breakage. Veratridine and aconitine have a very low affinity for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, and the binding of carbamoylcholine to the receptors is unaffected by tetrodotoxin, so that there is no evidence in this system for interaction between muscarinic receptors and sodium channels.
Kinetics of the axial ligation of aquocobaloximes in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium acetate micelles (1986)

The kinetics of the axial ligation of trans-Co(DH)2(R)(H2O), where R = NO2, I, SO3 or CH3 and DH is dimethylglyoxime anion, by anionic (NCS–, Br–) or neutral (pyridine, benzimidazole) ligands was investigated in the presence of hexadecylammonium acetate micelles using the stoppedflow method or conventional spectrophotometry. Notable accelerations induced by micelles were observed in the reactions between NCS– and the complexes trans-CO(DH)2(I)(H2O) and trans-CO(DH)2(SO3)(H2O)–. The competition between negatively charged reactants for positively charged micelle surface was manifested in the reaction kinetics in the latter case. In view of this effect, the theory of ionic reactions in micellar systems is discussed. The binding constants of reactants as well as the ratios of true rate constants in the micellar pseudo-phase (km1) and in the aqueous solution (kb1) were estimated. Since km1/kb1 1 in all cases, it is concluded that the catalytic micellar effects are due to increasing concentrations of reactants in the micellar pseudo-phase.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF DIPYRIDAMOLE AND CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE USING SOME CHROMOTROPIC ACID AZO DYES (2001)

A simple, accurate and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for the rapid determination of Dipyridamole using p-chlorophenylazo chromotropic acid (p-Cl) and 2-(p-nitrophenylazo)-chromotropic acid (C2B) and Chlorpheniramine maleate using p-chlorophenylazo chromotropic acid (p-Cl), p-iodophenylazo chromotropic acid (p-I), 2-(p-nitrophenylazo)-chromotropic acid (C2B) and 2-(phenylazo)-chromotropic acid (C2R). The method consists of extracting the ion-associates into methylene chloride. The ion-associates exhibit absorption maxima at 544 and 524 nm for p-Cl and C2B with Dipyridamole, and at 540, 524, 536 and 524 nm for p-Cl, p-I, C2B and C2R with Chlorpheniramine maleate, respectively. Dipyridamole can be determined up to 3.50 and 3.78 mg ml−1 using p-Cl and C2B, respectively, while Chlorpheniramine maleate can be determined up to 3.10, 2.36, 1.90 and 1.70 mg ml−1 using p-Cl, p-I, C2B and C2R, respectively. The stoichiometric ratio of the ion-associates was estimated. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the reaction products were calculated. Statistical treatment of the results reflects that the procedure is precise, accurate and easily applied for the determination of the drugs under investigation in pure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations.
Recent progress in using laser structured high energy electrode materials for next generation batteries (Conference Presentation) (Withdrawal Notice) (2019)

High production costs, restricted process reliability, small energy- and power-density, as well as relatively short operational lifetime are the main issues of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LIBs with high-energy and high-power density can be realized by introducing a three-dimensional (3D) battery concept, which offers an improved electrolyte transfer in thick film electrodes and an improved lithium-ion transport kinetic. For developing next generation batteries including the 3D battery concept for large footprint areas, high energy materials such as nickel-enriched Lithium-Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt-Oxide (NMC) for cathodes and silicon-based anodes are introduced. The main drawbacks of these types of active materials regarding commercialization are their rather small lifetime due to enhanced mechanical degradation and their restricted chemical stability during electrochemical cycling. Ultrafast laser processing for establishing an advanced electrode design is flanked by an advanced material design, i.e., thin film passivation of active material for maintaining structural and chemical stability on particle level. Such thin film passivation is realized for anodes and cathodes by carbon- or alumina-coated silicon nanoparticles and LPO(Lithium-Phosphate)-coated NMC, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry is proving the successful combination of laser generated 3D electrode architecture and material concept while galvanostatic measurements reveal that batteries with structured electrodes provide an enhanced capacity retention and an improved lithium-ion diffusion kinetics compared to cells with unstructured electrodes.
A Rationale and Test for the Number of Factors in Factor Analysis (1965)

It is suggested that if Guttman’s latent-root-one lower bound estimate for the rank of a correlation matrix is accepted as a psychometric upper bound, following the proofs and arguments of Kaiser and Dickman, then the rank for a sample matrix should be estimated by subtracting out the component in the latent roots which can be attributed to sampling error, and least-squares “capitalization” on this error, in the calculation of the correlations and the roots. A procedure based on the generation of random variables is given for estimating the component which needs to be subtracted.
Frequency conversion technology and energy conservation of air-conditioning (2001)

This paper analyzes the effect of frequency conversion technology on air conditioning system.It points out that frequency conversion technology can not only save the cost of supply system,but also modify the energy of chiller.It is an effective energy conservation technology of air conditioning system,but it should be used correctly in air conditioning system.
Beam shifting experiment for the characterization of left-handed properties (2004)

In this article, we report experimental results on the shift of a beam that propagates through a slab of metamaterial, known to exhibit left-handed properties. A similar experiment with a Teflon sample of similar size is also carried out for comparison. The results show the existence of a frequency band over which the shift experienced by the beam exceeds the theoretical limit above which the material is left handed. This demonstrates the effectiveness of using a beam shift experiment to characterize the left-handed properties of metamaterial.
rNMR: open source software for identifying and quantifying metabolites in NMR spectra (2009)

Despite the extensive use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for metabolomics, no publicly available tools have been designed for identifying and quantifying metabolites across multiple spectra. We introduce here a new open source software tool, rNMR, which provides a simple graphics-based method for visualizing, identifying, and quantifying metabolites across multiple one- or two-dimensional NMR spectra. rNMR differs from existing software tools for NMR spectroscopy in that analyses are based on regions of interest (ROIs) rather than peak lists. ROIs contain all of the underlying NMR data within user-defined chemical shift ranges. ROIs can be inspected visually, and they support robust quantification of NMR signals. ROI-based analyses support simultaneous views of metabolite signals from up to hundreds of spectra, and ROI boundaries can be adjusted dynamically to ensure that signals corresponding to assigned atoms are analyzed consistently throughout the dataset. We describe how rNMR greatly reduces the time required for robust bioanalytical analysis of complex NMR data. An rNMR analysis yields a compact and transparent way of archiving the results from a metabolomics study so that it can be examined and evaluated by others. The rNMR website at http://rnmr.nmrfam.wisc.edu offers downloadable versions of rNMR for Windows, Macintosh, and Linux platforms along with extensive help documentation, instructional videos, and sample data.
Evidence and utility of melanin degrading enzymes. (2004)

The biochemical synthesis of human melanin is understood in some detail. However, little is known about melanin degradation and catabolism of melanin. We hypothesize that human skin contains enzymes that degrade melanin and these enzymes can be used to reduce skin color. To test this hypothesis, HaCaT keratinocytes and normal human keratinocytes in culture were pulse labeled for one hour with radiolabeled synthetic melanin. This melanin was synthesized in vitro using tyrosinase enzyme from mushrooms and using radiolabeled [14C]3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as a substrate. After the initial pulse labeling, samples of both the cells and media were taken at 2, 4, 6 and 18 hours. Over these time periods the counts remaining in the media and cell fraction were significantly decreased. This data suggests the need for new protein synthesis and the lysosome organelle function for the degradation. Melanin degrading extracts isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were applied to human skin. These extracts cause significant reduction in UVB induced pigmentation. These extracts may be useful in developing new whitening products to even skin color and tone.
Reliability of Semiautomated Kinetic Perimetry (SKP) and Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Children and Adults With Retinal Dystrophies (2019)

Our study indicates that SKP provides a viable alternative to traditional Goldmann perimetry in clinical trials or care involving both children and adults with IRDs.
In- VitroActivity of Ofloxacin againstChlamydia trachomatis (1989)

The in-vitro activity of ofloxacin was evaluated against recently isolated Chlamydia trachomatis strains from patients suffering from non-gonococcal urethritis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) proved to be 1 mg/l against 8 of the 10 strains assayed (the MICs for the other two strains were 0.5 and 2 mg/l). The data obtained confirm that ofloxacin is active against Chlamydia trachomatis at concentrations achievable with the routine dosage regimen. The drug may thus be regarded as potentially useful for the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis due to Chlamydia.
Properties of planar Fabry-Perot resonators with inclusion of Bragg gratings (1999)

The modification of the transmission and reflection of a Fabry-Perot resonator by the inclusion of an angled Bragg- grating is treated. A combination between wavelength selectivity and angular selectivity occurs. The results are a generalization of Airy's formulae.
Neurology at the Millennium (2000)

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