gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Risk- and response-based classification of childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a combined analysis of prognostic markers from the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) and Children's Cancer Group (CCG) (2006)

The Children's Cancer Group (CCG) and the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) joined to form the Children's Oncology Group (COG) in 2000. This merger allowed analysis of clinical, biologic, and early response data predictive of event-free survival (EFS) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to develop a new classification system and treatment algorithm. From 11 779 children (age, 1 to 21.99 years) with newly diagnosed B-precursor ALL consecutively enrolled by the CCG (December 1988 to August 1995, n=4986) and POG (January 1986 to November 1999, n=6793), we retrospectively analyzed 6238 patients (CCG, 1182; POG, 5056) with informative cytogenetic data. Four risk groups were defined as very high risk (VHR; 5-year EFS, 45% or below), lower risk (5-year EFS, at least 85%), and standard and high risk (those remaining in the respective National Cancer Institute [NCI] risk groups). VHR criteria included extreme hypodiploidy (fewer than 44 chromosomes), t(9;22) and/or BCR/ABL, and induction failure. Lower-risk patients were NCI standard risk with either t(12;21) (TEL/AML1) or simultaneous trisomies of chromosomes 4, 10, and 17. Even with treatment differences, there was high concordance between the CCG and POG analyses. The COG risk classification scheme is being used for division of B-precursor ALL into lower- (27%), standard- (32%), high- (37%), and very-high- (4%) risk groups based on age, white blood cell (WBC) count, cytogenetics, day-14 marrow response, and end induction minimal residual disease (MRD) by flow cytometry in COG trials.
Beam Propagation Studies at NRL (Naval Research Laboratory) July 1983 to June 1984. Volume 2 (1984)

Abstract : This report is comprised of summaries of unclassified papers presented at the DARPA/Services Annual Propagation Review, June 1984, at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. A variety of theoretical and experimental studies are covered, including a review of propagation community codes and topics in channel chemistry, holeboring, hose instability, diagnostics, and beam channel tracking. The papers and authors are listed in the order in which they appeared at the meeting. This report does not include those papers whose first authors were Naval Surface Weapons Center personnel.
IEEE P1149.6: a boundary-scan standard for advanced digital networks (2003)

Very high-speed, digital technology is imposing new requirements on test logic that will limit the effectiveness of current IEEE 1149.1 based testing. IEEE P1149.6 is an extension to IEEE 1149.1 that attempts to standardize the boundary-scan structures and methods required to ensure simple, robust and minimally intrusive boundary-scan testing of advanced digital networks which are not adequately addressed by existing standards. This includes AC-coupled networks, differential networks or both. This paper will describe the work that has been done thus far by the P1149.6 working group including: defects to be targeted by the proposed standard, physical layer implementation for both the driver and receiver, verification of proposed solutions through SPICE modeling, BSDL and tools implications. The paper will also discuss some of the challenges faced by the working group and will discuss new approaches taken on by the working group in the development of the proposed standard.
Histone variant macroH2A1 rewires carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma cells towards cancer stem cells (2018)

Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) contain a sub-population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are responsible for tumor relapse, metastasis, and chemoresistance. We recently showed that loss of macroH2A1, a variant of the histone H2A and an epigenetic regulator of stem-cell function, in HCC leads to CSC-like features such as resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and growth of large and relatively undifferentiated tumors in xenograft models. These HCC cells silenced for macroH2A1 also exhibited stem-like metabolic changes consistent with enhanced glycolysis. However, there is no consensus as to the metabolic characteristics of CSCs that render them adaptable to microenvironmental changes by conveniently shifting energy production source or by acquiring intermediate metabolic phenotypes. Here, we assessed long-term proliferation, energy metabolism, and central carbon metabolism in human hepatoma HepG2 cells depleted in macroH2A1. MacroH2A1-depleted HepG2 cells were insensitive to serum exhaustion and showed two distinct, but interdependent changes in glucose and lipid metabolism in CSCs: (1) massive upregulation of acetyl-coA that is transformed into enhanced lipid content and (2) increased activation of the pentose phosphate pathway, diverting glycolytic intermediates to provide precursors for nucleotide synthesis. Integration of metabolomic analyses with RNA-Seq data revealed a critical role for the Liver X Receptor pathway, whose inhibition resulted in attenuated CSCs-like features. These findings shed light on the metabolic phenotype of epigenetically modified CSC-like hepatic cells, and highlight a potential approach for selective therapeutic targeting.
Comparative Analysis of the Bacterial Membrane Disruption Effect of Two Natural Plant Antimicrobial Peptides (2017)

In the <i>Medicago truncatula</i> genome about 700 genes code for nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) small peptides that are expressed in the symbiotic organ, the root nodule, where they control terminal differentiation of the endosymbiotic rhizobium bacteria to nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. Cationic NCR peptides were predicted to have antimicrobial activities. Here antibacterial activities of NCR247, NCR335, polymyxin B (PMB), and streptomycin were investigated and compared on two foodborne pathogens <i>Salmonella enterica</i> and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> as representatives of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The integrity of the bacterial membrane was seriously compromised by these NCR peptides. Different localization was observed for NCR247 and NCR335 in the treated bacteria, the peptides mostly accumulated in the cytosol in <i>S. enterica</i> while they remained in the bacterial membrane in <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. Scanning electron microscopy revealed distinct membrane morphology of the peptide-treated bacteria. Complete cell disruption was induced by PMB and NCR335 in <i>S. enterica</i> while NCR247 treatment resulted in extensive budding observed on the cell surface of <i>Salmonella</i>. PMB had no effect on <i>L. monocytogenes</i> while NCR335 and NCR247 provoked morphological changes on this bacterium, the whole <i>Listeria</i> cell content was released in response to NCR335 treatment.
Clinical and biological profile of Sickle Cell Anemia children in a rural area in Central Africa (2023)

In conclusion, the disease severity of SCA depends on multiple factors. In this study, fetal hemoglobin was the main modulator of the disease severity. These data may also serve as a baseline to initiate HU treatment in this setting.
Trusting the Trusted: An Empirical Analysis (2014)

One aspect of research in the area of bootstrapping of cold start users in trust-aware recommender systems is on guiding new users find trusted users in the trust network. In this paper we examine the question “Which type of users do cold start users actually trust?” We analyze the users trusted by cold start users in the Epinions dataset (Massa & Avesani, 2006a). We examine the set of trusted users on the basis of four critical parameters: number of outgoing links, number of incoming links, number of items rated and a hybrid parameter defined as preference score. We also experimentally evaluate the impact of the four parameters on prediction accuracy. Our analysis shows that cold start users will more likely trust a user with higher number of incoming links as a trusted user even though trusting users with high preference score would result in better prediction accuracy.
Minimal Dose Of Electrical Stimulation Training Adapts Skeletal Muscle After Spinal Cord Injury (2005)

PURPOSE After complete spinal cord injury (SCI), the skeletal muscles undergo significant adaptations, leading to fast and highly fatigable properties. Loss of chronic activity is one likely mechanism underlying these adaptations. The skeletal system also loses bone mineral density (BMD) at the rate of 2–3% per month, leading to osteoporosis and other secondary complications. No previous studies have investigated the long-term effects (>1 year) of electrical stimulation after acute SCI. We investigated the long term adaptations induced by a unilateral electrical stimulation training program on plantar flexion muscle fatigue, torque, and speed properties in individuals with SCI. We also analyzed the end point distal tibia BMD. METHODS Nine individuals (ages 21 to 57) with acute and complete spinal cord injury (< 3 months) received supra-maximal electrical activation of one calf muscle (isometric) for 5 days each week for 3 years. The opposite leg served as a control. The subjects were assessed weekly in the laboratory, but also trained at home. The training protocol used a custom designed stimulator programmed to deliver 4 bouts of 120 contractions every 2 s for 667 ms. The stimulator had an impedance based compliance meter. Plantar flexion (soleus) muscle fatigue (FI), peak torque (PT), contractile speed (1/2RT), and a twitch difference ratio (TTD) were calculated for both groups. Tibia BMD (4% site) was analyzed with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). RESULTS After 3 years, the FI and PT were significantly greater (P <0.05) for the trained group than for the untrained group (150% and 50% greater, respectively). The 1/2RT and TTD changed minimally (∼25%, P = 0.12) during repetitive stimulation in the trained group, while the untrained group showed a large increase (∼200%, P <0.05). Interestingly, the absolute contractile speeds were not different between the trained and untrained groups after 3 years (P =.231). The distal tibia BMD was over 20% greater in the trained limbs than in the untrained limbs (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence to support that less than 16 minutes of activity per day was adequate to prevent muscular adaptations after SCI. This study included a within subject control so that the impact of daily exercise could be ascertained within the same subjects. We believe a larger study using a method to load the entire lower extremities to maintain the musculoskeletal properties after SCI is now warranted. SUPPORT NIH R01 HD39445
The Fanconi anemia complementation group C protein corrects DNA interstrand cross-link-specific apoptosis in HSC536N cells (1996)

Fanconi anemia (FA) cells are hypersensitive to cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and chromosomal aberrations induced by DNA cross-linking agents, such as mitomycin C (MMC) and nitrogen mustard (HN2). Although MMC hypersensitivity is complemented in a subset of FA cells (complementation group C [FA-C]) by wild-type FAC cDNA, the cytoprotective mechanism is unknown. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that FAC protein functions in the suppression of DNA interstand cross-link (ISC)-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Comparison of HN2-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with those of its non-cross-linking analogs, diethylaminoethyl chloride and 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride, delineated the DNA ISC specificity of FAC-mediated cytoprotection. Overexpression of wild-type FAC cDNA in FA-C lymphoblasts (HSC536N cell line) prevented HN2-induced growth inhibition, G2 arrest, and DNA fragmentation that is characteristic of apoptosis. In contrast cytoprotection was not conferred against the effects of the non-cross-linking mustards. Our data show that DNA ISCs induce apoptosis more potently than do DNA monoadducts and suggest that FAC suppresses specifically DNA ISC-induced apoptosis in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Performance analysis on optical networks with TDMA (2009)

Due to the traditional realization of distributed-queue dual-bus (DQDB) networks, optical networks with time-division multiple access (TDMA) have the unfair-access problem. It prevents users from adopting the optical TDMA networks. In order to promote bandwidth utility and lower constructional cost of communication networks, this paper discusses the property of the waiting time on optical TDMA networks to distinguish whether the unfair-access problem can be completely solved or not.
Immediate Annuity Pricing in the Presence of Unobserved Heterogeneity (2006)

Abstract One of the acknowledged difficulties with pricing immediate annuities is that underwriting the annuitantis life is the exception rather than the rule. In the absence of underwriting, the price paid for a life-contingent annuity is the same for all sales at a given age. This exposes the market (insurance company and potential policyholder alike) to antiselection. The insurance company worries that only the healthiest people choose a life-contingent annuity and therefore adjust mortality accordingly. The potential policyholders worry that they are not being compensated for their relatively poor health and choose not to purchase what would otherwise be a very beneficial product. This paper develops a model of underlying, unobserved health. Health is a state variable that follows a first-order Markov process. An individual reaches the state “death” either by accident from any health state or by progressively declining health state. Health state is one-dimensional, in the sense that health can either “improve” or “deteriorate” by moving farther from or close to the “death” state, respectively. The probability of death in a given year is a function of health state, not of age. Therefore, in this model a person is exactly as old as he or she feels. I first demonstrate that a multistate, ageless Markov model can match the mortality patterns in the common annuity mortality tables. The model is extended to consider several types of mortality improvements: permanent through decreasing probability of deteriorating health, temporary through improved distribution of initial health state, and plateau through the effects of past health improvements. I then construct an economic model of optimal policyholder behavior, assuming that the policyholder either knows his or her health state or has some limited information. the value of mortality risk transfer through purchasing a life-contingent annuity is estimated for each health state under various risk-aversion parameters. Given the economic model for optimal purchasing of annuities, the value of underwriting (limited information about policyholder health state) is demonstrated.
Enhancement of the low temperature response of thin film gas sensors by UV irradiation (2003)

In this work we present recent results regarding the activation of sensors with high power density light with energy in the range of the energy gap of the semiconductor. We report the measurements registered for tin oxide RGTO deposited layers using CO as a target gas. The influence of the doping on the activated gas sensing properties has been investigated. We have found the value of the incident power corresponding to the best gas sensing performances (response enhancement and kinetics). The comparison between dark and irradiation condition is presented for the different kinds of layers tested.
Cytotoxicity of and DNA adduct formation by ellipticine in human U87MG glioblastoma cancer cells. (2009)

The results found in this study are the first report showing cytotoxicity and DNA adduct formation by ellipticine in glioblastomas.
Novel Attenuated Chikungunya Vaccine Candidates Elicit Protective Immunity in C57BL/6 mice (2013)

Similar to other infectious diseases, the best means of preventing CHIKV infection would be by vaccination using an attenuated vaccine platform which preferably raises protective immunity after a single immunization. However, the attenuated CHIKV vaccine candidates developed to date rely on a small number of attenuating point mutations and are at risk of being unstable or even sensitive to reversion. We report here the construction and preclinical evaluation of novel CHIKV vaccine candidates that have been attenuated by introducing large deletions. The resulting mutants proved to be genetically stable, attenuated, highly immunogenic, and able to confer durable immunity after a single immunization. Moreover, these mutants can be administered either as viral particles or as DNA-launched infectious genomes, enabling evaluation of the most feasible vaccine modality for a certain setting. These CHIKV mutants could represent stable and efficient vaccine candidates against CHIKV.
Quantum speed-up for unsupervised learning (2012)

We show how the quantum paradigm can be used to speed up unsupervised learning algorithms. More precisely, we explain how it is possible to accelerate learning algorithms by quantizing some of their subroutines. Quantization refers to the process that partially or totally converts a classical algorithm to its quantum counterpart in order to improve performance. In particular, we give quantized versions of clustering via minimum spanning tree, divisive clustering and k-medians that are faster than their classical analogues. We also describe a distributed version of k-medians that allows the participants to save on the global communication cost of the protocol compared to the classical version. Finally, we design quantum algorithms for the construction of a neighbourhood graph, outlier detection as well as smart initialization of the cluster centres.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant functionalized nanoparticles for enhancing food safety and quality: proof of concept (2012)

General concept. The reported 1-year study tested the feasibility ofpreparing antimicrobial and antioxidant nanoparticlesfunctionalized with natural phenolic compounds, as a first step to reach the ultimate goal - improving safely and quality of foods by developing novel antimicrobial and antioxidant food-contacting materials. The secondary objectives of the study were (a) selecting the most promising phenoliccompounds, (b) building nanoparticles with the selected phenolicgrafted on their Surface, and (c) testing antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of these particles. The study was expected to provide a " go/no go" decision as concerning the prospects of phenolic- bound nanoparticles as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Results. In course of the feasibility study, curucminwas chosen as the most promising phenoliccompound due to its high antibacterial activity exceeding other tested compounds by at leas one order of magnitude. Lipsome-typephospholipid/polydiacetylene(PDA) nanoparticlesfunctionalizedwith curcuminwere successfully built. The pitfall of limited curcumin amount that could be covalently bound to theparticle surface was circumvented by inclusion of curcunun in the liposome body. It was suggested onthe basis of fluorescence spectroscopy that curcuminwas bound by hydrophobic forces in the bi1ayer periphery of the Liposomesand therefore mightexert a contact effect on microorganisms. The curcumin­ functionalizednanoparticles(CFN) were shown to have a strong bactericidal activity towards both Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (B. ce,·e11s) bacteria, but only limited effect against yeast. Furthermore, beyond the originallyplanned objectives, preliminary trials showed that CFN could be bound to silanized glass surface rendering aנבtiנnicrobial activity to the glass. Tnaddition, the particles showed antioxidantcapacity. Tberefore, it ,vas co11cluded tlוattlוeaims of tlוefeasibility study bad been successfully reached an
Syntheses and Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Porphyrin Dimers Linked by Metal Ions (2002)

The preparation, isolation, and characterization of several new peripherally functionalized monomeric porphyrins and metalloporphyrins and of porphyrin dimers are described. These dimers are obtained by linking with metal ions two monomeric porphyrins bearing at their periphery an enaminoketone chelate fully conjugated with the aromatic ring. Porphyrin dimers linked by metal ions display large interactions in the ground state as evidenced by their electronic spectra and their electrochemical behavior. Compared to the monomeric analogue, these dimers show absorption spectra with intensified red-shifted Q-bands and their first oxidation potentials are substantially lowered and split into two distinct redox steps.
Conditions of cyclodextrin complexation. (1993)

In the past 20 years, cyclodextrin (CD) research has achieved considerable results, as indicated by the large number of publications and patents, the six international symposia on CDs, the new dosage forms of medicines prepared with CDs, etc. Sufficient data have accumulated to permit a survey of the most important conditions of CD complexation. Further, an account is presented of the success of precipitation of the complex involving furosemide and beta-CD.
Automatic suppression of narrow-band interference in direct-sequence spread-spectrum systems (1999)

This paper addresses the problem of narrow-band interference (NBI) cancellation in direct-sequence spread-spectrum systems. The proposed procedure amounts to a preliminary nonlinear processing, wherein, upon projection of the received signal onto a Fourier basis, a number of samples having the largest modula are excluded from further processing. The structure of the optimum detector operating on censored observations is obtained, showing that the optimum detector performs matched filtering on the censored data. The performance assessment demonstrates that this receiver is able to suppress narrow-band interferers, no matter what their structure, provided that the censoring depth is properly chosen. A blind version of such a receiver is presented also, and a comparative performance assessment demonstrates that, unlike other suppression procedures, the proposed system allows suppression of NBI with no prior knowledge on its structure.
Adaptive Mode Control Strategy of a Multimode Hybrid Energy Storage System (2016)

Abstract To improve the efficiency of the multimode hybrid energy storage system (HESS), a novel adaptive mode control strategy (ADCS) based on logic threshold and hysteresis control strategy is proposed. The operating modes of the multimode HESS are first analyzed. Then, the adaptive target voltage of the ultracapacitor and the adaptive goal function are established. On this basis, the ADCS is designed. At last, the simulation model is established in Matlab. Simulation results show that the multimode HESS with the ADCS can avoid the excessive output power of the lithium battery and the UC absorbs all the braking energy, which ensures the battery safety. Compared to the logic threshold and hysteresis control strategy, the ADCS can obviously improve the overall system efficiency of the multimode HESS.
The Production of α-Ketoglutaric Acid form Salicylic Acid by Pseudomonas sp. (1970)

Metabolites from salicylic acid by microorganisms were investigated. About eighty strains of bacteria which were able to utilize salicylic acid as a sole source of carbon were isolated from soil and other natural sources. Among these bacteria, several strains produced a large amount of keto acids in the culture fluid during the cultivation. The acid was isolated from the culture fluid of strain K 102 in crystalline form. The crystal was identified as α-ketoglutaric acid by physicochemical methods. From the taxonomical studies, the isolated bacterial strains K 102 and K 362 were assumed to be Pseudomonas sp.