gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pulsed dual-stage fiber MOPA source operating at 1550 nm with arbitrarily shaped output pulses (2011)

In this paper we present an effective method of pulse distortion pre-compensation in saturated high-power fiber amplifiers by arbitrarily shaping the input pulse. We derive a simple expression which allows us to generate user-defined pulse shapes at the output of the amplifier chain consisting of more than one stage. The numerical results were verified experimentally using a diode-seeded all-fiber two-stage master oscillator–power amplifier (MOPA) source based on Er3+/Yb3+-doped double-clad fiber. Several examples of obtained output shapes are presented, including high-energy 100-ns-long rectangular pulses.
Effectiveness of pentoxifylline in semen preparation for intrauterine insemination (1996)

Pentoxifylline, an inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase activity, favours intracellular cAMP concentration increase. In-vitro treatment of semen with pentoxifylline leads to marked augmentation of sperm motility, enhancement of acrosome reaction, increase of sperm penetration into zona-free hamster oocytes, and protection of the sperm plasma membrane. Such properties indicate that the drug may be a useful tool for semen preparation in assisted reproduction, but its real effectiveness in improving fertilization rates is still uncertain, mainly in association with intrauterine insemination (IUI). Theoretically sperm motility should play an extremely important role for positive results in IUI. Therefore, a retrospective clinical trial was planned in order to evaluate whether addition of pentoxifylline to the previously standardized in-vitro treatment of semen had improved the percentage of pregnancies after homologous IUI. The study involved 55 sterile couples (33 classified infertile for male factor and 22 for other factors) who underwent a total of 150 cycles of homologous IUI: 101 for male factor infertility and 49 for other factors (anovulation n = 26, endometriosis n = 2, idiopathic n = 21). Out of the 101 cycles performed for male factor infertility, 61 underwent the standard preparation of semen and were followed by seven pregnancies (pregnancy rate = 11.5%) while 40 had a semen preparation with pentoxifylline addition and were followed by 11 pregnancies (pregnancy rate = 27.5%) with a significant difference between the two procedures (P < 0.05). Out of the 49 cycles carried out for factors different from male infertility, 10 underwent the standard preparation of semen and were followed by two pregnancies (pregnancy rate = 20.0%), while 39 had pentoxifylline addition and were followed by nine pregnancies (pregnancy rate = 23.1%). The difference between the two groups was not significant. Abortions and malformations were equally distributed in the standard treatment and in the pentoxifylline group.
Model-based comparison of RF noise in oscillating diamond and SiC MESFETs (2002)

We report a simulation study of RF oscillator noise including 1/f noise and incomplete activation in diamond and silicon carbide MESFETs oscillating in resonant circuits that maximize power at the load.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Excitation of optical transitions in the InxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum well system by the free exciton in the barrier (1993)

In the InxGa1−xAs-GaAs coupled double quantum well system the free exciton in the GaAs barrier is directly coupled to the symmetric heavy-hole free exciton in the quantum well. In contrast the free exciton in the barrier does not couple to the symmetric light-hole free exciton in the quantum well, or to Landau levels associated with the lowest energy conduction and valence subband levels. These results are explained by momentum conservation rules.
Implications of Japanese Total Quality Control for Western Organizations: Dimensions of an Intercultural Hybrid (1993)

This study investigates Total Quality Control (TQC), stressing the central role of communication processes. Business communication scholars are challenged to incorporateTQC as a macro framework in the ongoing dissection of the quality movement withinWestern organizations. TQC is a hybrid of Western theory and innovations blendedwith Japanese cultural influences, implementations, and reinventions. TQC stressescommunication that is: decentralized, vertical-upward, interdepartmental, interdependent, trusting, long-term, group-oriented, reciprocal, immediate, nurturing feedback,flexible, and characterized by close proxemics.
Path integral computation of Laslett coefficients in pipes with arbitrary transverse geometry (2002)

An efficient (accurate and fast) numerical framework is introduced for computing the (incoherent) betatron normal mode Laslett coefficients for beam-liner with completely general transverse geometry.
Pay-At-The-Pump (PATP) Auto Insurance: Criticisms and Proposed Modifications (2000)

In 1998 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored an effort to examine the criticisms and concerns expressed about Pay-at-the-Pump (PATP) auto insurance and explore the reformulation of PATP, taking into account these concerns. This paper provides a brief exposition of PATP and its main advantages followed by a review of its criticisms and concerns. We outline a reconstituted PATP proposal emerging from the review of these criticisms: a hybrid system that merges the best features from PATP and the existing insurance system. It retains what is consistent with the free market operation and market incentive in the existing system. At the same time it restores the price signal, the sine qua non for economic efficiency, where it has been extinguished in the existing insurance system. The reconstituted proposal capitalizes on the pricing efficiency feature that characterizes PATP, which in turn leads to a reduction in insurance cost, enhanced safety, elimination of resource misallocation, enhanced equity and reduction (possibly elimination) of accident-cost externalities. In addition, it benefits society at large with improved environment, improved balance of payments, enhanced U.S. security, and a redress to the human dimension of the uninsured motorist problem.
Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Bootstrap Router MIB (2008)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Experimental Demonstration of Optical Wireless Indoor Localization System with Background Light Power Estimation (2015)

In this paper, an optical wireless based indoor localization system with background light power estimation capability is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Results show that an average localization error of 2.41 cm is achieved.
Management of Soluble Organics in Produced and Flowback Waters with Swellable, Absorbent Glass (2012)

Management of Soluble Organics in Produced and Flowback Waters with Swellable, Absorbent GlassOsorb®, an absorbent, nano-engineered glass, is being commercialized to remove soluble organics like BTEX and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from oilfield produced and flowback waters for the purposes of beneficial reuse, membrane protection, air emission controls, and offshore excursions. The Osorb is reusable, utilizing one or more of centrifugal, thermal, and vacuum...Author(s)Paul EdmistonJustin KeenerShawn McKeeScott BuckwaldGregory HallahanMichael GrossmanSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Sep, 2012ISSN1938-6478DOI10.2175/193864712811708464Volume / Issue2012 / 12Content sourceWEFTECCopyright2012Word count156
Special Reference to Merge Nedungandi Bank Ltd on Base of a Case Study about Merging Banks (2013)

A banking merger is just the same as the merger of two companies except that it involves banks. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) in the banking sector may be in the form of amalgamation, absorption, consolidation, acquisition or take over. The important point in the bank merger is that banking activities of the participants will always be regulated. In the present study efforts have been made to analyse the effects of M&A on the Financials of the Merger of Nedungadi Bank Ltd. (NBL) With Punjab National Bank (PNB) before and after merger. For this purpose various variables namely, capital, deposits, investments, advances, interest earned, interest paid, total income, total expenditure and net profit have been identified. In the analysis of variables figures for four year prior to merger and figures of variables for four years after the merger have been taken. Figures prior to merger are the total of value of variables of both amalgamating bank (the bank which loses its identity) and amalgamated bank (the bank which continues its existence). The result of regression equation has been found effective after merger of PNB and NBL from the point of view of capital, deposits, advances, interest earned and total income. In the case of investments, fixed assets, interest expenditure, total expenditure, net profit and total assets result of regression equation has been found ineffective. The Null Hypothesis is rejected in all variables except capital, fixed assets and interest expenditure.
Effect of a soluble surfactant on the linear stability of two-phase flows in a finite-length channel (2022)

We study numerically the effect of a soluble surfactant on the stability of two-phase flow in a finite-length microchannel. The two streams drag the surfactant molecules toward the downstream end of the interface against the action of the Marangoni stress. The sharp reduction of the interfacial tension at that end enhances the interface deformation and considerably destabilizes the system, translating into a sharp reduction of the critical capillary number even for very small surfactant volume concentrations.
Synthesis of [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2BCl2·NC5H4-4-Me] from [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2BCl2]:  First Preparation of a Lewis Acid−Base Adduct from a Boryl Complex (2004)

The (dichloroboryl)iron complex [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2BCl2] and its corresponding Lewis base adduct with 4-methylpyridine have been prepared; characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction has afforded a structural comparison between the two species.
Distributed File Systems (1989)

Distributed File Systems are essential for sharing of data and storage space in a distributed system. A viewpoint that emphasizes the dispersed structure and decentralization of both data and control in the design of such systems is established. The concepts of location transparency, fault tolerance and scalability are defined and discussed in the context of Distributed File Systems. It is claimed that the principle of distributed operation is fundamental for a fault tolerant and scalable Distributed File System. Alternatives for the semantics of sharing and methods for providing access to remote files are also presented. A survey of current systems, namely Unix United, Locus, Sprite, Sun''s Network File System, and ITC''s Andrew, illustrates the discussed concepts and demonstrates various implementations and design alternatives. Based on the assessment of these systems, a point is made that a departure from the approach of extending centralized file systems over the network is necessary to accomplish sound Distributed File System design.
Reply (2012)

Paugh, Jerry R. OD; Nguyen, Andrew Loc PhD; Hall, Jonathan Q. Jr BS, BA; Webb, Justin R. OD; Ramsey, Alison C. OD, MS; Meadows, David L. PhD Author Information
Cause-Specific Treatment in Patients with High Sperm DNA Damage Resulted in Significant DNA Improvement (2009)

Assessment of sperm DNA damage has been suggested as a negative predictor of fertility potential. Multiple pathological factors acting at both the intra-testicular and post-testicular levels may contribute to sperm DNA damage. The relative contribution of each of these factors in an individual with high DNA damage (>30%) is unclear. The management of patients with elevated DNA damage is also challenging. The purpose of our retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical course of patients with sperm DNA damage over 30% and to assess the effect of non-specific (oral antioxidant) and cause-specific treatments on the quality of their sperm DNA. Results of our retrospective study suggest that the evaluated group with high DNA damage was diagnostically heterogeneous and comprised patients with varicoceles, bacteriospermia and idiopathic infertility. A three month course of antioxidant therapy reduced sperm DNA damage in only 30/61 (49%) patients with significant improvement between the initial and post-treatment DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) results (46.8%+/-14.1 vs. 36.7%+/-16.6, p < .001). The positive effect of antioxidants could be age-dependent, as patients older that 40 years of age showed no improvement after such treatment. The cause-specific treatments showed superior results compared to antioxidants alone. Improvement was observed in 7/9 (78%) of patients after surgical varicocele repair between the initial and post-treatment DFI results (44.7%+/-12.8 vs. 28.4%+/-9.5, p < .03). The majority of the patients 13/14 (93%) with bacteriospermia had improvement in sperm DFI results after antibiotic treatment (50.4%+/-19.1 vs. 38.6%+/-18.7, p < .001).
New approaches in a 3-D one-carrier device solver (1989)

A 3-D one-carrier device solver has been developed on an Intel iPSC2 hypercube multiprocessor which can handle over 130 K nodes. CPU time averages 20 min per bias point on a 50 K-node MOSFET example. Slotboom variables are used in conjunction with the Scharfetter-Gummel current discretization scheme. A scaling scheme is proposed which produces n, p variables from the Slotboom variables. An improved damped-Newton scheme, which maintains the iteration numbers at below fifteen for high gate biases, is used in solving Poisson's equation. The performance of a previously proposed initial guess scheme is improved through the use of a novel update strategy during the Poisson solution stage after the initial guess step. This improvement allows stable calculation for voltage steps as high as 5 V. A modified singular perturbation scheme (MSP) has been proposed whose implementation speeds up the convergence under high-V/sub gs/ and -V/sub ds/ bias conditions by a factor of three to six. A block matrix analysis of the MSP scheme yields insight into its performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Endoscopic Treatment of Sphenoid Sinusitis (1996)

Juxtaposed between the posterior nasal cavity and skull base, the diseased sphenoid sinus presents unique challenges when surgical drainage is required. Endoscopic techniques have gained widespread popularity for the treatment of sphenoid sinusitis, yet the efficacy of such treatment remains largely unknown. Thirty-four patients who underwent endoscopic sphenoidotomy were monitored over a period of 6 months to 5 years. Surgery was performed with the superior turbinate used as the key landmark for identification and enlargement of the natural sphenoid ostium. Surgical access was through either a transnasal or transethmoid approach, depending on whether disease was limited to the sphenoid sinus. Prospective analysis of 26 patients with established outcome measures demonstrated a significant reduction in facial pain, nasal drainage, and congestion 6 months after surgery (p < 0.0001). Medication use was also reduced but to a lesser extent (p < 0.05). Endoscopic sphenoidotomy appears to be a safe technique that effectively reduces patient morbidity associated with sphenoid sinusitis.
Ultrafast photodriven intramolecular electron transfer from an iridium-based water-oxidation catalyst to perylene diimide derivatives (2012)

Photodriving the activity of water-oxidation catalysts is a critical step toward generating fuel from sunlight. The design of a system with optimal energetics and kinetics requires a mechanistic understanding of the single-electron transfer events in catalyst activation. To this end, we report here the synthesis and photophysical characterization of two covalently bound chromophore-catalyst electron transfer dyads, in which the dyes are derivatives of the strong photooxidant perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) and the molecular catalyst is the Cp*Ir(ppy)Cl metal complex, where ppy = 2-phenylpyridine. Photoexcitation of the PDI in each dyad results in reduction of the chromophore to PDI(•-) in less than 10 ps, a process that outcompetes any generation of (3*)PDI by spin-orbit-induced intersystem crossing. Biexponential charge recombination largely to the PDI-Ir(III) ground state is suggestive of multiple populations of the PDI(•-)-Ir(IV) ion-pair, whose relative abundance varies with solvent polarity. Electrochemical studies of the dyads show strong irreversible oxidation current similar to that seen for model catalysts, indicating that the catalytic integrity of the metal complex is maintained upon attachment to the high molecular weight photosensitizer.
Marinobacter algicola sp. nov., isolated from laboratory cultures of paralytic shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates (2006)

Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis of cultivable marine bacteria isolated from laboratory cultures of two paralytic shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates, Gymnodinium catenatum and Alexandrium tamarense, showed the presence of a novel group of Gram-negative, aerobic, moderately halophilic and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, related to the genus Marinobacter. The strains, designated DG893T, DG1136 and ATAM407-13, grew optimally in media with 3-6 % NaCl and at 25-30 degrees C, and all could utilize n-hexadecane and n-tetradecane as the sole carbon source. The strains had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.2-94.3 % to Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus ATCC 27132, and a similarity of 97.5-97.8 % to the closest phylogenetically related type strain, Marinobacter flavimaris DSM 16070T. DNA-DNA hybridization levels to M. flavimaris and other Marinobacter type strains were < or = 42 %, while DNA-DNA reassociation values among DG893T, DG1136 and ATAM407-13 were > or = 83 %. The DNA G + C content was 54-55 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-9. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that these three strains represent a novel species, Marinobacter algicola sp. nov. The type strain is DG893T (= DSM 16394T = NCIMB 14009T).
Nearest-Neighbor Searching and Metric Space Dimensions (2006)

Given a set S of points in a metric space with distance function D, the nearest-neighbor searching problem is to build a data structure for S so that for an input query point q, the point s 2 S that minimizes D(s,q) can be found quickly. We survey approaches to this problem, and its relation to concepts of metric space dimension. Several measures of dimension can be estimated using nearest-neighbor searching, while others can be used to estimate the cost of that searching. In recent years, several data structures have been proposed that are provably good for low-dimensional spaces, for some particular measures of dimension. These and other data structures for nearest-neighbor searching are surveyed.
Ultrastructure of Bone Mineralization and Osseointegration with Hydroxyapatite-Coated Bone Implants in Vivo (2001)

Abstract The need to optimize adhesion between the femoral stem and surrounding tissue has led to the development of plasma-sprayed HA (PSHA) coatings as attachment facilitators for hip prostheses. The mechanisms underlying this facilitation are incompletely understood, and the long-term efficacy of HA coatings in maintaining bonding to bone remains largely unexplored. in this study, two in vivo models—canine and human—were employed for study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to elucidate the sequence of early bone mineralization and the longer term fate of HA coatings. High-resolution SEM and TEM of whole bone and anorganic bone were employed to establish the structure of mature bone for comparison. Whole and Anorganic Bone.Anorganic bone derived from bovine trabecular bone was examined in low-voltage field-emission SEM(LV-FESEM) and high-resolution TEM to establish the morphology of the mineral component of bone [1,2]. Trabeculae were seen to comprise oriented fiber bundles (Fig. 1), each fiber comprising an array of oriented apatite platelets (Fig. 2) arranged like a sheared stack of dominoes with approximately the 64-nm stagger of collagen hole zones.
Properties of amorphous silicon tin alloys produced using the radio frequency glow discharge technique (1984)

Amorphous silicon tin films have been deposited by the glow discharge technique using SiH4, H2, and SnCl4 or Sn (CH3)4 gas mixtures. An n to p-type conductivity transition with increasing Sn content in the films is found for both types of Sn alloying sources. Such a transition satisfactorily explains the observed dark and light conductivity behavior.
Complement-Mediated Enhancement of HIV-1 Infection in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (1997)

We investigated if complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection occurs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In 7 experiments, we evaluated the effect of human complement on HIVIIIB infection in vitro. We measured HIV antigen production on day 4 and found that pre-incubation of HIV with complement led to enhanced production of antigen with a median enhancement of 2.5-fold (range 1.1-6.8). This complement-mediated increase in antigen production was statistically significant (p < 0.02). Complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection was also tested in CD4 cells enriched from PBMC, and CD4 cells persistently gave higher levels of infection enhancement than PBMC. Thus, CD4 cells appear to be sufficient for complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection to occur. In addition, we tested if it was possible to detect complement-mediated enhancement of primary HIV isolates in PBMC. We tested 3 isolates and found only a minor effect on antigen production (median enhancement 1.2-fold, range 0.6-1.5). Furthermore, addition of HIV-specific antibodies in combination with complement resulted in enhanced antigen production in 2/3 sera tested. However, the combination of complement and antibodies resulted in only a minor increase in enhancement of HIV infection compared to that obtained with complement alone. Finally, we found evidence of complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection in resting PBMC. In conclusion, we demonstrated that complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection does occur in vitro in PBMC.
Risk Factor Modification and Projections of Absolute Breast Cancer Risk (2011)

These data give perspective on the potential reductions in absolute breast cancer risk from preventative strategies based on lifestyle changes. Our methods are also useful for calculating sample sizes required for trials to test lifestyle interventions.