gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The AUSCOR Program - an Expert System Both Precocious and Obsolete (1994)

Abstract The AUSCOR program is among the most advanced materials performance prediction expert systems known to the authors. Developed over several years (circa 1980-86) primarily by the late Dr. John G. Hines, AUSCOR predicts the performance of some 28 stainless steel and nickel-based chromium-bearing alloys in a wide range of aqueous environments. Built for internal proprietary use within Hines’s employer ICI pic, AUSCOR is relatively unknown to the international materials science and engineering community. Furthermore, AUSCOR was developed for use on outmoded hardware using software which is now obsolete, and only limited documentation has survived. The authors are engaged in a project to modernize the AUSCOR program and distribute the results eventually to a broader community of users. Details of the AUSCOR program and the overall modernization project are described.
Prevalence and correlates of obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder among college students in Kerala, India (2017)

OCD and subthreshold OCD are not uncommon in the community, both being associated with significant comorbidity. Hence, it is imperative that both are identified and treated in the community because of associated morbidity.
Endoscopic holography with a GRIN lens (1982)

A gradient index (GRIN) rod lens has been used for clinical endoscope which has several advantages for the application of holographic techniques to the medical internal diagnosis. First of all, the phase informations of the object can be transmitted by GRIN lens, i. e., 3-D image reconstruction as well as holographic interference techniques are perfectly available. In this paper, some foundamental discussions of GRIN lens holography, experimental results on 3-D image reconstructions and time average holographic interferometry are presented.
ITALSAT Ka, Q and V band Cross polar discrimination statistics measured in Spino d’Adda, Italy (2020)

Cross polar discrimination (XPD) is a widespread parameter used to measure the disturbance introduced on electromagnetic signals by the loss of polarisation, when dual polarisation links are employed. Rain precipitations and ice clouds contribute to the increase of XPD in the atmosphere. The current ITU-R Recommendation P.618 links the prediction of the XPD to the excess attenuation probability of a specific site. The statistical analysis of the XPD reported in this contribution is a basic step towards an improved model for next generation dual polarisation links design.
On the minimum-phase approximation of head-related transfer functions (2002)

The head-related transfer function embodies the amplitude and phase transformations accompanying a sound source from a fixed position in space to the eardrum. These transformations, which primarily result from the interaction of the acoustic wave with the complex geometry of the head and pinna, are known to be the principal determinants of source location. It is especially known that the interaural time differences (ITDs) are encoded by the phase spectra of the HRTFs at the two ears. In this study we explore a model of the HRTF which approximates the HRTF as a minimum phase function. The model is tested both theoretically and through psychophysical experiments. Results suggest that a minimum phase representation of the phase spectra, augmented by a position-dependent, frequency-independent ITD, is an adequate description of the HRTF phase. Both the scientific and the practical consequences of this result shall be discussed.
Efficient position encoding in hard disk drive using dual frequency servo bursts (2002)

This paper presents a new scheme to encode the position information in hard disk drives. The conventional method uses amplitudes of 4 servo bursts, placed sequentially along the track (down-track direction), are used to find the displacement between the head and the centre of the track. Each of these bursts consists of equidistant, parallel magnetic transitions, forming a specific offset pattern in the direction of disk radius (cross-track). The read-back signal from each servo burst contains series of alternating Lorentzian pulses at fixed intervals. The amplitudes of the burst signals are functions of displacement between the head and the centre of the track. The demodulator finds the magnitude of read-back pulses for each burst, and estimates the position error signal (PES) from there. Since all the bursts use the same pattern of magnetic transitions, they are separated from each other in the down-track direction. This leaves empty spaces between burst patterns, increasing the servo overhead or the percentage of storage area used for servo information. The proposed servo pattern uses two different frequencies for two servo bursts, making it possible to place them at the same angular location. The read-back burst signals are contributions of the servo patterns having two different frequencies. The demodulator extracts the amplitude of each of these frequency components, which is then used for PES calculation. Several detection rules are used to extract the amplitude of each frequency, and the results are compared. The effectiveness of the scheme is shown using experimental results.
Bioinspired Electrocatalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of N2 to NH3 in Ambient Conditions (2019)

Industrial ammonia production depends heavily on the traditional Haber-Bosch method at the expense of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and large energy consumptions. Artificial fixation of nitrogen to ammonia is therefore regarded as a promising path to yield ammonia in energy-saving conditions. However, a competent electrocatalyst is highly desired, owing to the extremely stable bond of N≡N. In this work, we report Fe<sub>2</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles as a non-noble-metal electrocatalyst, inspired by nitrogenase enzymes for electrochemically converting nitrogen into ammonia, which achieves a Faradic efficiency of 9.1% and an excellent NH<sub>3</sub> yield of 18.16 μg h<sup>-1</sup> mg<sup>-1</sup> cat in 0.1 M sodium sulfate at -0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode. Also, it has a better ammonia yield rate of 20.09 μg h<sup>-1</sup> mg<sup>-1</sup> cat in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid. Moreover, this noble-metal-free catalyst exhibits a unique reaction process selectivity and stability compared with the other catalysts working in harsh conditions. The specific reaction processes are analyzed by density functional theoretical calculations to gain insights into the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) by this catalyst.
Figure S4 from Glutamine Addiction in Kidney Cancer Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Can Be Exploited for Real-Time Imaging (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Bioluminescence imaging, measurements, and animal weights&lt;/p&gt;
One-dimensional surface wrinkling for twisted nematic liquid crystal display based on ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (2019)

Surface wrinkling method is used to fabricate a 1-dimensional nanostructure. The structure is transferred to an ultraviolet cured polymer which is used as an alignment layer. The anisotropic geometry serves as a guide for aligning liquid crystal molecules uniformly without defects. The TN-LC cell showed a successful LC switching, with a response time of 20.5 ms, and a threshold voltage of 2.00 V. It also exhibited high thermal stability above 180°C. The proposed UV-cured polymers with 1-D nano wrinkle geometry can be a candidate for alternative alignment techniques, for advanced liquid crystal devices with high thermal budgets.
X-ray studies of some carbonized coals (1960)

Abstract This paper describes the results obtained from an X-ray examination of the carbonization products of certain vitrain coals after treatment at .temperatures up to 1000 °C. The methods employed in interpreting the X-ray data include a least-squares technique developed for the purpose of obtaining distributions of layer-sizes, and a Fourier transform technique developed by Hirsch (1954) to obtain distributions of the numbers of layers stacked parallel to one another. The importance of a number of secondary effects is examined, and the results are discussed in the light of these considerations.
Bistatic synthetic aperture target detection and imaging with an AUV (2001)

The acoustic detection and classification of completely and partially buried objects in the multipath environment of the coastal ocean presents a major challenge to the mine countermeasures (MCM) community. However, the rapidly emerging autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) technology provides the opportunity of exploring entirely new sonar concepts based on mono-, bi- or multi-static configurations. For example, the medium frequency regime (1-10 kHz) with its bottom penetration advantage may be explored using large synthetic apertures, where acoustic information is accumulated over a series of sonar pings. The performance of such approaches is highly dependent on accurate platform navigation and timing, which poses a significant challenge to AUV developers, particularly because the navigation procedures are themselves dependent on the complicated multipath acoustic environment. Data from the GOATS'98 experiment have been analyzed to investigate the feasibility of combining seabed scattering data from consecutive pings of a fixed parametric source to form a bistatic synthetic aperture for target localization and imaging with an AUV based receiving platform. The paper describes different levels of bistatic processing including both incoherent and coherent beamforming and very large aperture interferometric approaches, and the associated performance tradeoffs are discussed.
Immunological monitoring of long-surviving renal transplant recipients. (1977)

In this study a variety of cell-mediated immunity responses were performed in long-term (2 to 12 year) human leukocyte antigen-A (HLA) nonidentical renal transplant patients. All patients showed mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) stimulation against donor, indicating a lack of tolerance. Of successful long-term transplant patients, 73 percent showed high serum levels of MLC-blocking activity. A consistent association of successful long-term transplantation and a specific defect in recipient ability to generate cytotoxic cells against donor was seen at the 8 to 12 year level. A close association of lymphocyte-dependent activity (LDA) and clinical chronic rejection was found, and LDA could be identified prior to the onset of clinical chronic rejection in most cases. Four patients had a positive LDA assay prior to transplant and all four went on to develop chronic rejection. Recipients taking immunosuppressive drugs within 24 hours of testing had a deficient capability to generate cytotoxic effector cells against indifferent individuals. These findings demonstrate a consistent association of in vitro cell-mediated immunity parameters and in vivo transplant function and may represent a valuable immunological monitoring system for long-term recipient follow-up.
Panoramic representation of scenes for route understanding (2002)

A dynamically generated panoramic representation for route recognition by a mobile robot is presented. The strategies employed are route description from experience and route recognition by visual information. In the description phase, panoramic representation, a representation of scenes along a route, is proposed. It is obtained by scanning scenes sideways along the route, which provides rich information, such as a 2-D projection of scenes called panoramic view, a path-oriented 2-1/2-D sketch, and a path description. The continuous panoramic view is more efficient in processing than integrating discrete views into a complete route model. In the recognition phase, the robot matches the panoramic representation from incoming images with that memorized in the previous scan so that it can locate and orient itself in autonomous navigation. Since the panoramic view covers a wide field of view, one can achieve reliable matching using a coarse-to-fine method, starting from a very coarse level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Proteomic Profiling Reveals Autoimmune Targets in Sarcoidosis (2015)

Autoantigen reactivity was present in most BAL and serum samples analyzed, and the results revealed high interindividual heterogeneity, with most of the reactivities observed in single individuals only. Four proteins are here proposed as sarcoidosis-associated autoimmune targets and of interest for further validation in independent cohorts.
What Science Is and How It Really Works (2019)

Scientific advances have transformed the world. However, science can sometimes get things wrong, and at times, disastrously so. Understanding the basis for scientific claims and judging how much confidence we should place in them is essential for individual choice, societal debates, and development of public policy and laws. We must ask: what is the basis of scientific claims? How much confidence should we put in them? What is defined as science and what is not? This book synthesizes a working definition of science and its properties, as explained through the eyes of a practicing scientist, by integrating advances from philosophy, psychology, history, sociology, and anthropology into a holistic view. Crucial in our political climate, the book fights the myths of science often portrayed to the public. Written for a general audience, it also enables students to better grasp methodologies and helps professional scientists to articulate what they do and why.
Interstitial oxygen in germanium and silicon (1997)

The microscopic structure of interstitial oxygen in germanium and its associated dynamics are studied both experimentally and theoretically. The infrared absorption spectrum is calculated with a dynamical matrix model based on first-principles total-energy calculations describing the potential energy for the nuclear motions. Spectral features and isotope shifts are calculated and compared with available experimental results. From new spectroscopic data on natural and on quasimonoisotopic germanium samples, new isotope shifts have been obtained and compared with the theoretical predictions. The low-energy spectrum is analyzed in terms of a hindered rotor model. A fair understanding of the center is achieved, which is then compared with interstitial oxygen in silicon. The oxygen atom is nontrivially quantum delocalized both in silicon and in germanium, but the physics is shown to be very different: while the Si-O-Si quasimolecule is essentially linear, the Ge-O-Ge structure is puckered. The delocalization in a highly anharmonic potential well of oxygen in silicon is addressed using path-integral Monte Carlo simulations, for comparison with the oxygen rotation in germanium. The understanding achieved with this new information allows us to explain the striking differences between both systems, in both the infrared and the far-infrared spectral regions, and the prediction of the existence of hidden vibrational modes, never directly observed experimentally, but soundly supported by the isotope-shift analysis.
Logic Design for On-Chip Test Clock Generation - Implementation Details and Impact on Delay Test Quality (2005)

This paper addresses delay test for SOC devices with high frequency clock domains. A logic design for on-chip high-speed clock generation, implemented to avoid expensive test equipment, is described in detail. Techniques for on-chip clock generation, meant to reduce test vector count and to increase test quality, are discussed. ATPG results for the proposed techniques are given.
Is There an Epigenetic Component Underlying the Resistance of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers to Parp Inhibitors? (2012)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (Parp) is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing post-translational modifications through the addition of poly(ADP-ribose) chains (known as PARylation). Modification by PARylation modulates numerous cellular processes including transcription, chromatin remodeling, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair. In particular, the role of Parp activation in response to DNA damage has been intensely studied. Tumors bearing mutations of the breast cancer susceptibility genes, Brca1/2, are prone to DNA breakages whose restoration into functional double-strand DNA is Parp dependent. This concept has been exploited therapeutically in Brca mutated breast and ovarian tumors, where acute sensitivity to Parp inhibitors is observed. Based on in vitro and clinical studies it remains unclear to what extent Parp inhibitors can be utilized beyond treating Brca mutated tumors. This review will focus on the often overlooked roles of PARylation in chromatin remodeling, epigenetics, and transcription to explain why some cancers may be unresponsive to Parp inhibition. We predict that understanding the impact of PARylation on gene expression will lead to alternative approaches to manipulate the Parp pathway for therapeutic benefit.
DNA microarray mediated transcriptional profiling of Nitrosomonas europaea in response to linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (2008)

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) constitute, quantitatively, the most important group of synthetic surfactants used today. We studied the gene expression of Nitrosomonas europaea in response to LAS using a DNA microarray because ammonia-oxidizers are thought to be more sensitive to LAS than other microorganisms. Our objective was to elucidate which genes are expressed for N. europaea in response to LAS exposure. Microarray analysis and real-time PCR assay revealed that c. 30 genes were significantly expressed after LAS exposure, in particular genes associated with energy production and conversion. Our findings demonstrate that physical disruption of membrane structures, which contain enzymes associated with energy production and conversion, might be an important explanation for the high sensitivity of N. europaea to LAS exposure.
Phonon number quantum jumps in an optomechanical system (2011)

We describe an optomechanical system in which the mean phonon number of a single mechanical mode conditionally displaces the amplitude of the optical field. Using homodyne detection of the output field we establish the conditions under which phonon number quantum jumps can be inferred from the measurement record: both the cavity damping rate and the measurement rate of the phonon number must be much greater than the thermalization rate of the mechanical mode. We present simulations of the conditional dynamics of the measured system using the stochastic master equation. In the good-measurement limit, the conditional evolution of the mean phonon number shows quantum jumps as phonons enter and exit the mechanical resonator via the bath.
21 RESCUE FK 506 THERAPY FOR RESISTANT REJECTION AFTER PEDIATRIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (OLT) (1995)

Reding, R.; Wallemacq, P.; de Ville de Goyet, J.; Sokal, E.; Otte, J. B. Author Information
How many candidates are needed to make elections hard to manipulate? (2003)

In multiagent settings where the agents have different preferences, preference aggregation is a central issue. Voting is a general method for preference aggregation, but seminal results have shown that all general voting protocols are manipulable. One could try to avoid manipulation by using voting protocols where determining a beneficial manipulation is hard computationally. The complexity of manipulating realistic elections where the number of candidates is a small constant was recently studied [4], but the emphasis was on the question of whether or not a protocol becomes hard to manipulate for some constant number of candidates. That work, in many cases, left open the question: How many candidates are needed to make elections hard to manipulate? This is a crucial question when comparing the relative manipulability of different voting protocols. In this paper we answer that question for the voting protocols of the earlier study: plurality, Borda, STV, Copeland, maximin, regular cup, and randomized cup. We also answer that question for two voting protocols for which no results on the complexity of manipulation have been derived before: veto and plurality with runoff. It turns out that the voting protocols under study become hard to manipulate at 3 candidates, 4 candidates, 7 candidates, or never.
Analysis of Reservoir Applicability of Hydrophobically Associating Polymer (2015)

Summary In this paper, the reservoir characteristics and fluid properties of a reservoir of the Bohai Sea oil field were taken as the research platform. It was confirmed that there exists compatibility between hydrophobically-associating-polymer (HAP) molecular aggregation and pore-throat size. The experiment for oil displacement in heterogeneous cores indicated that there exists applicability of HAP for a heterogeneous reservoir and the applicability can be influenced by polymer concentration. The experiment for oil displacement of parallel cores demonstrated the effect of polymer concentration on the applicability of HAP for reservoir heterogeneity from two aspects of the dynamic behavior of oil displacement and the effectiveness of oil displacement. The results show that with the increase of HAP concentration, the association degree between polymer molecules increases, molecular-clew dimension enlarges, and the compatible size of pore throats of the core increases. The change of HAP concentration not only has an effect on the amount of liquid suctioned by different permeability layers and on the time of profile inversion, but also has an effect on the displacement ability of polymer solution within different layers. As polymer concentration changes, the adaptability of HAP for reservoir heterogeneity changes and the oil-recovery efficiency also changes.
Transformations of 6,7‐Epoxy Derivatives of Citral and Citronellal in Various Acidic Media. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Blood coagulation protein fibrinogen promotes autoimmunity and demyelination via chemokine release and antigen presentation (2015)

Autoimmunity and macrophage recruitment into the central nervous system (CNS) are critical determinants of neuroinflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms that drive immunological responses targeted to the CNS remain largely unknown. Here we show that fibrinogen, a central blood coagulation protein deposited in the CNS after blood-brain barrier disruption, induces encephalitogenic adaptive immune responses and peripheral macrophage recruitment into the CNS leading to demyelination. Fibrinogen stimulates a unique transcriptional signature in CD11b(+) antigen-presenting cells inducing the recruitment and local CNS activation of myelin antigen-specific Th1 cells. Fibrinogen depletion reduces Th1 cells in the multiple sclerosis model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-dependent antigen presentation, CXCL10- and CCL2-mediated recruitment of T cells and macrophages, respectively, are required for fibrinogen-induced encephalomyelitis. Inhibition of the fibrinogen receptor CD11b/CD18 protects from all immune and neuropathologic effects. Our results show that the final product of the coagulation cascade is a key determinant of CNS autoimmunity.
A newly described cutaneous reaction at sites of insulin pump use in a child with Type 1 diabetes (2020)

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), or insulin pumps, with or without continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have become the standard of care for patients with type 1 diabetes. While increasingly popular, a wide range of reported skin reactions to CSII and CGM devices was found. We present this case of a pyogenic granuloma-like neutrophilic and granulomatous response to an insulin pump to increase awareness of a previously uncharacterized cutaneous adverse reaction at insulin pump infusion sites.