gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Training, education, and outreach—raising the bar (2014)

SUMMARY To accelerate scientific discovery, the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) aims to enhance researcher productivity, increase its user base, and prepare new generations of researchers to use advanced digital technologies. Accordingly, XSEDE is educating diverse populations of new users through regional workshops targeted at large populations of those traditionally underrepresented in the use of XSEDE resources. The expanded scale and scope of recent workshops provide evidence that (1) there is strong interest in leveraging advanced digital services in research and teaching at minority‐serving institutions; (2) these local events are needed to reach these communities; and (3) increased collaboration is required to inculcate the use of computational methods into research and teaching at these institutions. This makes it clear that XSEDE's efforts are meaningful beyond just providing training in advanced digital services; they contribute to national goals for developing and sustaining a large and diverse STEM workforce. This paper focuses on the first of the larger workshops (held at The University of Texas at El Paso) and its impact on subsequent events. Best practices used to plan, execute, and evaluate this workshop are discussed, and the results of a professional assessment of the three workshops are presented. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Intra‐articular corticosteroid injections are associated with a dose‐dependent risk of total knee arthroplasty at 5 years (2022)

Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in patients without knee osteoarthritis at the time of injection are associated with a dose-dependent risk of TKA at 5 years. CSI may not be as benign of a treatment modality as previously thought.
SARS-CoV-2 Uses Nonstructural Protein 16 to Evade Restriction by IFIT1 and IFIT3 (2022)

Similar to other coronaviruses, disruption of SARS-CoV-2 NSP16 function attenuates viral replication in a type I interferon-dependent manner. <i>In vivo</i> , our results show reduced disease and viral replication at late times in the hamster lung, but an earlier titer deficit for the NSP16 mutant (dNSP16) in the upper airway. In addition, our results confirm a role for IFIT1, but also demonstrate the necessity of IFIT3 in mediating dNSP16 attenuation. Finally, we show that targeting NSP16 activity with a 2'- <i>O</i> methyltransferase inhibitor in combination with type I interferon offers a novel avenue for antiviral development.
Rethinking the Youth Question: Education, Labour and Cultural Studies (1999)

Introduction - PART 1: CLASS, GENDER AND 'RACE' IN URBAN YOUTH CULTURE - The Writing on the Walls - Subcultural Conflict and Working-Class Community - Rules of Territoriality and Discourse - Knuckle Sandwich and Sore Thumbs - Policing the Working-Class City - On the Wrong Side of the Tracks - PART 2: TRANSITIONAL SUBJECTS - Rethinking the Youth Question - Losing the Generation - PART 3: UNSENTIMENTAL EDUCATION - Teaching Enterprise Culture - No Kidding: Cultural Studies in School Transitions - Negative Capabilities: On Pedagogy and Post-Modernity
Robust Hierarchical Symbolic Explanations in Hyperbolic Space for Image Classification (2023)

Explanations for black-box models help us to understand model decisions as well as provide information on model biases and inconsistencies. Most of the current post-hoc explainability techniques provide a single level of explanation, often in terms of feature importance scores or feature attention maps in the input space. The explanations provided by these methods are also sensitive to perturbations in the input space. Our focus is on explaining deep discriminative models for images at multiple levels of abstraction, from fine-grained to fully abstract explanations. We use the natural properties of hyperbolic geometry to more efficiently model a hierarchical relationship of symbolic features with decreased distortion to generate robust hierarchical explanations. Specifically, we distill the underpinning knowledge in an image classifier by quantising the continuous latent space to form hyperbolic symbols and learn the relations between these symbols in a hierarchical manner to induce a knowledge tree. We traverse the tree to extract hierarchical explanations in terms of chains of symbols and their corresponding visual semantics. Code is available at https://github.com/AinkaranSanthi/HyperbolicReasoning
In-house development of scheduling decision support systems: case study for scheduling semiconductor device test operations (2006)

Most manufacturing processes can benefit from an automated scheduling system. However, the design of a fast, computerised scheduling system that achieves high-quality results and requires minimal resources is a difficult undertaking. Efficient scheduling of a semiconductor device test facility requires an information system that provides good schedules quickly. Semiconductor device testing is the last stage of the long semiconductor manufacturing process, and therefore is subjected to customer service pressures. The cost of an off-the-shelf computerised scheduling system may be prohibitive for many companies. In addition, many companies are taken aback by other characteristics of off-the-shelf scheduling systems, such as code confidentiality, maintenance costs, and failure rates. We draw upon the literature and our field case to discuss some of the trade-offs between in-house development and off-the-shelf acquisition of software. We describe the in-house design and implementation of a scheduling decision support system for one device test facility. Using the design and implementation process of this system as a case study, we discuss how one facility uses in-house design of systems in a strategic way, as a competitive capability.
A yeast mutant defective at an early stage in import of secretory protein precursors into the endoplasmic reticulum. (1987)

We have devised a genetic selection for mutant yeast cells that fail to translocate secretory protein precursors into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mutant cells are selected by a procedure that requires a signal peptide-containing cytoplasmic enzyme chimera to remain in contact with the cytosol. This approach has uncovered a new secretory mutant, sec61, that is thermosensitive for growth and that accumulates multiple secretory and vacuolar precursor proteins that have not acquired any detectable posttranslational modifications associated with translocation into the ER. Preproteins that accumulate at the sec61 block sediment with the particulate fraction, but are exposed to the cytosol as judged by sensitivity to proteinase K. Thus, the sec61 mutation defines a gene that is required for an early cytoplasmic or ER membrane-associated step in protein translocation.
Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis by acid-fast staining (1999)

Faecal smears of patients and Strongyloides stercoralis obtained from dogs were acid-fast stained with Kinyoun and Auramine O staining procedures. Both larval (rhabditiform and filariform) and adult parasites were effectively stained by these methods. Acid-fast staining can serve as a useful procedure for diagnosing strongyloidiasis.
Low-Latency Motion Transfer with Electromagnetic Actuation for Joint Action (2022)

Joint action, performing a task together by multiple people, can be beneficial in transferring the embodied skill, establishing physical relationships, engaging multiple people, and completing the task more effectively. To facilitate real-time joint bodily action, we introduce a low-latency motion transfer system (total latency: 22.9 ± 2.0ms, finger attraction latency: 13.7 ± 2.1ms) using electromagnetic actuation, which allows them to share their instantaneous actions, such as pressing the button with their fingers. Our system can change the type of motion transfer at both the direction of the transfer between users (mono- or bi-direction) and the input logic (”AND” or ”OR”) based on the users’ input. We will discuss its potential as a computer-assisted joint action and the possibility that the computer system orchestrates the joint action between the users or the user and the computer.
Hydrogen Plasma Process to Reduce the Eu-Doped Sr<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> Thin Films (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
The kinetics and mechanism of the organo-iridium catalysed racemisation of amines (2016)

The dimeric iodo-iridium complex [IrCp*I2]2 (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadiene) is an efficient catalyst for the racemisation of secondary and tertiary amines at ambient and higher temperatures with a low catalyst loading. The racemisation occurs with pseudo-first-order kinetics and the corresponding four rate constants were obtained by monitoring the time dependence of the concentrations of the (R) and (S) enantiomers starting with either pure (R) or (S) and show a first-order dependence on catalyst concentration. Low temperature (1)H NMR data is consistent with the formation of a 1 : 1 complex with the amine coordinated to the iridium and with both iodide anions still bound to the metal-ion, but at the higher temperatures used for kinetic studies binding is weak and so no saturation zero-order kinetics are observed. A cross-over experiment with isotopically labelled amines demonstrates the intermediate formation of an imine which can dissociate from the iridium complex. Replacing the iodides in the catalyst by other ligands or having an amide substituent in Cp* results in a much less effective catalysts for the racemisation of amines. The rate constants for a deuterated amine yield a significant primary kinetic isotope effect kH/kD = 3.24 indicating that hydride transfer is involved in the rate-limiting step.
Einleitung (2016)

No AccessDer gleichläufige DoppelschneckenextruderOct 2016EinleitungKlemens KohlgrüberKlemens KohlgrüberSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446435971.001SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2016Pages: 1-105Print ISBN: 978-3-446-43361-8eISBN: 978-3-446-43597-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Distortion invariant object recognition by matching hierarchically labeled graphs (1989)

A graph-matching process of object recognition is proposed. It is applied to face recognition. Gray-level images are represented by a resolution hierarchy of local Gabor components, which are all scaled and rotated versions of each other. The components centered on one image point form a Gabor jet. A single jet provides a distortion-insensitive local representation of part of an image. Object recognition is achieved by matching image point jets to jets in stored prototype patterns. For a selected image jet the best matches are determined, under a constraint preserving spatial arrangement. The procedure amounts to labeled graph matching, with Gabor jets forming labels to nodes and topology determining links. A contrast-insensitive similarity measure provides for invariance with respect to lighting conditions. The authors have formulated the matching procedure as an optimization task solved by diffusion of match points. This diffusion is controlled by a potential determined by jet similarity and the topology-preserving constraint. The algorithm implements a neural network architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dead Code Detection On Class Level. (2014)

Many software systems contain usused code. While unused code is an unnecessary burden for mainte-nance, it is often unclear which parts of a modern software system can actually be removed. We present a semi-automatic, iterative, language-independent ap-proach to identify unused classes in large object-oriented systems. It combines static and runtime in-formation about an application and aids developers in identifying unused code in their system with high pre-cision. A case study on three real-life systems shows its effectiveness and feasibility in practice. 1
Sildenafil in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (2006)

The therapy of pulmonary hypertension has evolved rapidly in the last 10 years from the use of non-selective vasodilators to drugs that specifically target pulmonary vasodilation, endothelial function, and vascular remodeling. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor that has an expanding role in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Case series and small studies, as well as the first large randomized controlled trial, have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of sildenafil in improving mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, cardiac index, and exercise tolerance in pulmonary arterial hypertension. It may be useful in adults, children, and neonates after cardiac surgery, with left heart failure, in fibrotic pulmonary disease, high altitude exposure, and thromboembolic disease, and in combination with other therapies for pulmonary hypertension, such as inhaled iloprost. The oral formulation and favorable adverse effect profile make sildenafil an attractive alternative in the treatment of selected patients with pulmonary hypertension.
Rhinovirus Infection of Allergen-Sensitized and -Challenged Mice Induces Eotaxin Release from Functionally Polarized Macrophages (2010)

Human rhinovirus is responsible for the majority of virus-induced asthma exacerbations. To determine the immunologic mechanisms underlying rhinovirus (RV)-induced asthma exacerbations, we combined mouse models of allergic airways disease and human rhinovirus infection. We inoculated OVA-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice with rhinovirus serotype 1B, a minor group strain capable of infecting mouse cells. Compared with sham-infected, OVA-treated mice, virus-infected mice showed increased lung infiltration with neutrophils, eosinophils and macrophages, airway cholinergic hyperresponsiveness, and increased lung expression of cytokines including eotaxin-1/CCL11, IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-gamma. Administration of anti-eotaxin-1 attenuated rhinovirus-induced airway eosinophilia and responsiveness. Immunohistochemical analysis showed eotaxin-1 in the lung macrophages of virus-infected, OVA-treated mice, and confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed colocalization of rhinovirus, eotaxin-1, and IL-4 in CD68-positive cells. RV inoculation of lung macrophages from OVA-treated, but not PBS-treated, mice induced expression of eotaxin-1, IL-4, and IL-13 ex vivo. Macrophages from OVA-treated mice showed increased expression of arginase-1, Ym-1, Mgl-2, and IL-10, indicating a shift in macrophage activation status. Depletion of macrophages from OVA-sensitized and -challenged mice reduced eosinophilic inflammation and airways responsiveness following RV infection. We conclude that augmented airway eosinophilic inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in RV-infected mice with allergic airways disease is directed in part by eotaxin-1. Airway macrophages from mice with allergic airways disease demonstrate a change in activation state characterized in part by altered eotaxin and IL-4 production in response to RV infection. These data provide a new paradigm to explain RV-induced asthma exacerbations.
The Effect of Resistive Breathing on Leg Muscle Oxygenation Using Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy During Exercise in Men (2002)

The effect of added respiratory work on leg muscle oxygenation during constant-load cycle ergometry was examined in six healthy adults. Exercise was initiated from a baseline of 20 W and increased to a power output corresponding to 90% of the estimated lactate threshold (moderate exercise) and to a power output yielding a tolerance limit of 11.8 min (+/- 1.4, S.D.) (heavy exercise). Ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange were measured breath-by-breath. Profiles of leg muscle oxygenation were determined throughout the protocol using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (Hamamatsu NIRO 500) with optodes aligned midway along the vastus lateralis of the dominant leg. Four conditions were tested: (i) control (Con) where the subjects breathed spontaneously throughout, (ii) controlled breathing (Con Br) where breathing frequency and tidal volume were matched to the Con profile, (iii) increased work of breathing (Resist Br) in which a resistance of 7 cmH2O l(-1) s(-1) was inserted into the mouthpiece assembly, and (iv) partial leg blood flow occlusion (Leg Occl), where muscle perfusion was reduced by inflating a pressure cuff (approximately 90 mmHg) around the upper right thigh. During Resist Br and Leg Occl, subjects controlled their breathing pattern to reproduce the ventilatory profile of Con. An approximately 3 min period with respiratory resistance or pressure cuff was introduced approximately 4 min after exercise onset. NIR spectroscopy data for reduced haemoglobin-myoglobin (delta[Hb]) were extracted from the continuous display at specific times prior to, during and after removal of the resistance or pressure cuff. While the delta[Hb] increased during moderate- and heavy-intensity exercise, there was no additional increase in delta[Hb] with Resist Br. In contrast, delta[Hb] increased further with Leg Occl, reflecting increased muscle O2 extraction during the period of reduced muscle blood flow. In conclusion, increasing the work of breathing did not increase leg muscle deoxygenation during heavy exercise. Assuming that leg muscle O2 consumption did not decrease, this implies that leg blood flow was not reduced consequent to a redistribution of flow away from the working leg muscle.
Sequential high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell support in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. (2003)

To determine the feasibility and safety of multiple sequential courses of high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBSCs) followed by thoracic irradiation (54 Gy) and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI 30 Gy) in patients with limited disease (LD) small cell lung cancer (SCLC), six patients received one cycle of conventional-dose chemotherapy followed by four cycles of high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell support. Neither significant adverse side-effects nor treatment mortality were observed. CR and almost CR (> 90%) was obtained in five out of six patients while one patient had a partial response (PR). The median survival was 21.3 months (range 8-34). However, the benefit of the high CR rate and prolonged survival did not result in cure even in these favorable circumstances, because all the patients died of recurrence in the cerebral nervous system. According to our data we stopped this chemotherapy regime because it was not able to prevent cerebral disease.
Longitudinal brain MR retrieval with diffeomorphic demons registration: What happened to those patients with similar changes? (2015)

Current medical content-based retrieval (MCBR) systems for neuroimaging data mainly focus on retrieving the cross-sectional neuroimaging data with similar regional or global measurements. The longitudinal pathological changes along different time-points are usually neglected in such MCBR systems. We propose the cross-registration based retrieval for longitudinal MR data to retrieve patients with similar structural changes as an extension to the existing MCBR systems. The diffeomorphic demons registration is used to extract the tissue deformation between two adjacent MR volumes. An asymmetric square dissimilarity matrix is designed for indexing the patient changes within a specific interval. A visual demonstration is given to show the registration displacement fields of the query as compared to the simulated results. The experimental performance with the mean average precision (mAP) and the average top-K accuracy (aACC) are reported for evaluation.
Frequency of CYP2D6 Alleles Including Structural Variants in the United States (2018)

The <i>CYP2D6</i> gene encodes an enzyme important in the metabolism of many commonly used medications. Variation in <i>CYP2D6</i> is associated with inter-individual differences in medication response, and genetic testing is used to optimize medication therapy. This report describes a retrospective study of <i>CYP2D6</i> allele frequencies in a large population of 104,509 de-identified patient samples across all regions of the United States (US). Thirty-seven unique <i>CYP2D6</i> alleles including structural variants were identified. A majority of these alleles had frequencies which matched published frequency data from smaller studies, while eight had no previously published frequencies. Importantly, <i>CYP2D6</i> structural variants were observed in 13.1% of individuals and accounted for 7% of the total variants observed. The majority of structural variants detected (73%) were decreased-function or no-function alleles. As such, structural variants were found in approximately one-third (30%) of <i>CYP2D6</i> poor metabolizers in this study. This is the first <i>CYP2D6</i> study to evaluate, with a consistent methodology, both structural variants and single copy alleles in a large US population, and the results suggest that structural variants have a substantial impact on CYP2D6 function.
Response to Induction Chemotherapy in Sinonasal Malignancies: A Single Institutional Experience (2022)

Objective: Sinonasal malignancies are a heterogeneous group of diseases with widely variable presentation, often posing significant challenges in treatment. Surgical management remains a mainstay in the care of sinonasal malignancies; however, it is often not feasible due to late presentation and complex surgical anatomy. Multimodal therapy has been shown to be beneficial for many patients, although response may be dependent on histologic subtype. Induction chemotherapy has been increasingly utilized to reduce tumor burden prior to definitive treatment, such as chemoradiation or surgery. The purpose of this study was to analyze tumor response to induction chemotherapy for sinonasal malignancies in relation to locoregional disease control, tumor characteristics, and patient survival.
Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory (2020)

With the growing global acceptance of cannabis and its widespread use by eyewitnesses and suspects in legal cases, understanding the popular drug's ramifications for memory is a pressing need. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we examined the acute and delayed effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intoxication on susceptibility to false memory in 64 healthy volunteers. Memory was tested immediately (encoding and retrieval under drug influence) and 1 wk later (retrieval sober). We used three different methods (associative word lists and two misinformation tasks using virtual reality). Across all methods, we found evidence for enhanced false-memory effects in intoxicated participants. Specifically, intoxicated participants showed higher false recognition in the associative word-list task both at immediate and delayed test than controls. This yes bias became increasingly strong with decreasing levels of association between studied and test items. In a misinformation task, intoxicated participants were more susceptible to false-memory creation using a virtual-reality eyewitness scenario and virtual-reality perpetrator scenario. False-memory effects were mostly restricted to the acute-intoxication phase. Cannabis seems to increase false-memory proneness, with decreasing strength of association between an event and a test item, as assessed by different false-memory paradigms. Our findings have implications for how and when the police should interview suspects and eyewitnesses.