gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of cellular retinol- and cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins in the rat cervical epithelium is regulated by endocrine stimuli during normal squamous metaplasia. (1994)

To determine the potential roles of retinoids in the growth and differentiation of the reproductive tract epithelium, we have studied the expression of the cellular retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins, CRBP I and CRABP I, in the reproductive tract of female rats. CRBP I and CRABP I gene expression have been examined in the oviduct, ovary, uterus, and particularly in the cervix, which normally undergoes a cyclical squamous metaplasia during the estrus cycle. CRBP I was expressed in all four tissues examined, whereas CRABP I was expressed predominantly in cervix and uterus. In the cervix, CRBP I was detected in all epithelial layers including the columnar epithelium but was greatly reduced in the superficial, cornified layers of the stratified squamous epithelium. CRABP I was localized to the basement membrane region of the epithelium with the strongest expression in the basal layer of epithelial cells. While the expression of CRBP I and CRABP I in the keratinizing exocervix changed during the estrus cycle, it remained constant in the incompletely keratinized endocervix. The highest levels of CRBP I were seen during anestrus and proestrus, and for CRABP I during proestrus. Both CRBP I and CRABP I levels fell to barely detectable levels during estrus and metestrus. Using estrogen repletion of ovariectomized rats, we found that CRABP I levels transiently increased during the early proliferative response to estrogen, whereas CRBP I levels gradually declined, becoming barely detectable by 24 to 48 hours. These results suggest that CRBP I and CRABP I play different roles in the cyclical squamous metaplasia normally occurring in this tissue and that hormonal control of CRBP I and CRABP I expression might modulate the retinoid responsiveness of the epithelium during this process.
Comparison of Cross-Linked Branched and Linear Poly(ethylene imine) Microgel Microstructures and Their Impact in Antimicrobial Behavior, Copper Chelation, and Carbon Dioxide Capture (2020)

Poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) is a cationic polymer that is commercially available in linear PEI (LPEI) and branched PEI (BPEI) architectures for both biological and environmental applications. When the LPEI or BPEI is coupled with divinyl sulfone, cross-linked PEI is formed, and it has been researched for its same robust properties as traditional PEI, but it has a rigid, insoluble structure. Herein, we present the first direct comparison of cross-linked linear PEI microgels and branched PEI microgels (LPM and BPM, respectively) for both their intrinsic characteristics, such as morphology, surface charge, and surface chemistry, and their applications in antimicrobial activity, copper chelation, and CO2 capture. The Cu(II) adsorption capacity of the LPMs is larger than their branched counterparts, and their performance is comparable to that of similar materials with a maximum adsorption capacity of 86.8 mg/g. LPM and BPM shows no significant inhibition in bacterial growth compared to a positive control (culture inoculated with bacteria and no PEI treatment) while the PEI precursors all show complete inhibition of growth. The LPMs were found to be good CO2 adsorbents compared to the BPMs, which adsorbed and desorbed CO2 immediately. The best performing LPM has an adsorption capacity of 4.34 mmol/g at 1 bar CO2. In summary, we have described the first pro-environmental PEI gels, which function as a well-performing dry CO2 adsorbent and copper-chelating agent that is benign to bacteria.
Exploiting Spatio-Temporal Tradeoffs for Energy-Aware MapReduce in the Cloud (2012)

MapReduce is a distributed computing paradigm widely used for building large-scale data processing applications. When used in cloud environments, MapReduce clusters are dynamically created using virtual machines (VMs) and managed by the cloud provider. In this paper, we study the energy efficiency problem for such MapReduce clouds. We describe a unique spatio-temporal tradeoff that includes efficient spatial fitting of VMs on servers to achieve high utilization of machine resources, as well as balanced temporal fitting of servers with VMs having similar runtimes to ensure a server runs at a high utilization throughout its uptime. We propose VM placement algorithms that explicitly incorporate these tradeoffs. Further, we propose techniques that dynamically scale MapReduce clusters to further improve energy consumption while ensuring that jobs meet or improve their expected runtimes. Our algorithms achieve energy savings over existing placement techniques, and an additional optimization technique further achieves savings while simultaneously improving job performance.
Table S1 from <i>ZFTA</i> Translocations Constitute Ependymoma Chromatin Remodeling and Transcription Factors (2023)

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In-plane motion and strain measurement (1995)

This chapter describes some practical applications of geometric moire analysis in the measurement of displacement, deformation, and strain. Questions of sensitivity, some extensions of the method, and laboratory details are also discussed.
A single-blind, randomized, crossover trial of the effects of a nicotine pouch on the relief of tobacco withdrawal symptoms and user satisfaction (2009)

The Zonnic pouch appears to be as effective at relieving craving as nicotine gum and was subjectively favored over the gum. These results suggest that the pouch will be a helpful addition to the range of existing nicotine replacement treatments.
Chimeric Infectious Bursal Disease Virus-Like Particles as Potent Vaccines for Eradication of Established HPV-16 E7–Dependent Tumors (2012)

Cervical cancer is caused by persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and represents the second most frequent gynecological malignancy in the world. The HPV-16 type accounts for up to 55% of all cervical cancers. The HPV-16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are necessary for induction and maintenance of malignant transformation and represent tumor-specific antigens for targeted cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated immunotherapy. Therapeutic cancer vaccines have become a challenging area of oncology research in recent decades. Among current cancer immunotherapy strategies, virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines have emerged as a potent and safe approach. We generated a vaccine (VLP-E7) incorporating a long C-terminal fragment of HPV-16 E7 protein into the infectious bursal disease virus VLP and tested its therapeutic potential in HLA-A2 humanized transgenic mice grafted with TC1/A2 tumor cells. We performed a series of tumor challenge experiments demonstrating a strong immune response against already-formed tumors (complete eradication). Remarkably, therapeutic efficacy was obtained with a single dose without adjuvant and against two injections of tumor cells, indicating a potent and long-lasting immune response.
Highly photosensitive helium diluted amorphous silicon 1.5 eV band gap: Role of pressure (1995)

Highly photosensitive low band gap (≥1.5 eV) hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films have been developed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using helium dilution of the process gas, silane at substrate temperature 210 °C. Low band gap of a-Si:H films is achieved by reducing bonded hydrogen content and hence by increasing compactness of the films. At the optical gap ∼1.5 eV, a-Si:H film has high mobility lifetime product, ημτ (8×10−5 cm−2 V−1) and photosensitivity (≳7×104) values. The defect density of the material is as low as 7.8×1015 cm−3 eV−1 and hydrogen content is 4.54 at. %. Low band gap amorphous silicon germanium (a-SiGe:H) films reported so far do not have such high ημτ and photosensitivity values at 1.5 eV optical gap. Thus, this low band gap a-Si:H films can be used as intrinsic layer in the bottom cell of a multijunction solar cell replacing a-SiGe:H alloy films.
Genetic and Epigenetic Factors Affecting Cytochrome P450 Phenotype and Their Clinical Relevance (2012)

1. in genes responsible for pharmacokinetic properties of the drug (genes influencing absorption, distribution metabolism, elimination) or 2. in genes responsible for pharmacodinamic properties of the drug (genes affecting the pharmacologic effect of a drug) (Daly, 2010). www.intechopen.comTopics on Drug Metabolism 88 So far, it is apparent that heritable changes in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes often affects outcome in drug treatment to a high degree and the variability of the phase I enzymes plays major role in this respect, as evidenced by many studies (Spear et al., 2001; Ingelman-Sundberg, 2004a;Weinshilboum, 2003).In general it can be estimated that 20-25% of all drug therapies are influenced by such polymorphism to an extent that therapy outcome is changed.There are much fewer examples where the pharmacodinamic properties are influenced and it has clinical relevance (Ingelman-Sundberg, 2004b;Eichelbaum et al., 2006).In this book chapter the polymorphic and epigenetic nature of phase I enzymes will be discussed and their role in therapy and clinic will be highlighted.www.intechopen.com
Nivolumab and Ipilimumab: Immunotherapy for Treatment of Malignant Melanoma (2018)

As recently as 10 years ago, a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma was considered fatal, with a prognosis of typically 6 months or less from diagnosis. The development of checkpoint inhibitors, such as ipilimumab and nivolumab, which modulate the effects of the CTLA-4 and PD-1, respectively, has revolutionized outcomes for these patients. Monotherapy improves metastatic disease survival, but dual therapy provides greater benefit with 58% of patients alive at 3 years. Combination immunotherapy is even active in brain metastases. In the adjuvant setting, data show that at 1 year over 70% patients remain disease-free with PD-1 blockade. Immunotherapy is generally safe and well tolerated. However, treatment-related endocrinopathies require long-term medications. Nowadays, advanced cutaneous melanoma is a more manageable disease.
MBOC and BOC(1,1) Performance Comparison (2008)

In recent months the US and the EU have agreed to change the modulation scheme for the new civil GPS and Galileo signals in the L1 band from Binary Offset Carrier (1,1) (BOC(1,1)) to a scheme having the so-called Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC) spectrum, although each system will implement this differently. This paper compares the performance of the new system in a number of areas against the original baseline. It is shown that the MBOC signal offers significant advantages in multipath and tracking performance, while retaining compatibility with BOC(1,1) receivers at the cost of a small correlation loss.
A new family of cytokinin receptors from Cereales (1998)

The highly specific recognition of a natural cytokinin, trans-zeatin, by cytokinin-binding protein (CBP) of 67 kDa from barley leaves was detected with an assay developed on the basis of cytokinin competition in ELISA with anti-idiotype antibodies (raised against antibodies to zeatin) for complex formation with CBP. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against 70 kDa CBP from etiolated maize seedlings cross-reacted with barley 67 kDa CBP and prevented barley CBP and trans-zeatin induced activation of transcription elongation directed by RNA polymerase I associated with barley chromatin. One mAb (Z-6) had an agonistic effect. Maize CBP replaced barley CBP in activation of RNA synthesis with cytokinin in the barley transcription system. Hence, a new family of cytokinin receptors with common functions and immunodeterminants including maize and barley CBPs was found.
Photoluminescence quenching in gold - MoS2 hybrid nanoflakes (2014)

Achieving tunability of two dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) functions calls for the introduction of hybrid 2D materials by means of localized interactions with zero dimensional (0D) materials. A metal-semiconductor interface, as in gold (Au) - molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), is of great interest from the standpoint of fundamental science as it constitutes an outstanding platform to investigate plasmonic-exciton interactions and charge transfer. The applied aspects of such systems introduce new options for electronics, photovoltaics, detectors, gas sensing, catalysis, and biosensing. Here we consider pristine MoS2 and study its interaction with Au nanoislands, resulting in local variations of photoluminescence (PL) in Au-MoS2 hybrid structures. By depositing monolayers of Au on MoS2, we investigate the electronic structure of the resulting hybrid systems. We present strong evidence of PL quenching of MoS2 as a result of charge transfer from MoS2 to Au: p-doping of MoS2. The results suggest new avenues for 2D nanoelectronics, active control of transport or catalytic properties.
Genome Sequence of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Identified in Earwigs ( Doru luteipes ) through a Metagenomic Approach (2017)

Here we report the first complete genome sequence of a cauliflower mosaic virus from Brazil, obtained from the gut content of the predator earwig (<i>Doru luteipes</i>). This virus has a genome of 8,030 nucleotides (nt) and shares 97% genome-wide identity with an isolate from Argentina.
Downregulation of IL‐10 secretion and enhanced antigen‐presenting abilities following HTLV‐I infection of T cells (1996)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) may infect up to 10% of peripheral blood T cells in patients with HTLV-I myelopathy. To examine the impact of HTLV-I infection on the abilities of T cells to present and respond to peptide antigen, we HTLV-I infected and subcloned a myelin basic protein peptide 84-102 (MBP p84-102)-specific T-cell clone. The HTLV-I-infected subclones displayed spontaneous clonal proliferation, as observed in T-cell clones from HTLV-I myelopathy patients, indicating virally induced T-cell activation. In the presence of soluble peptide antigen, the HTLV-I-infected T cells responded to a 100-fold lower peptide concentration than did the uninfected parental T-cell clone. This response was not mediated by virally induced priming for hyperresponsiveness because peptide-pulsed Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed B cells or HLA-DR2/B7-1 or B7-2 transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells activated uninfected T cells at least twofold better than HTLV-I-infected T cells. Instead, the HTLV-I-infected T cells were better antigen-presenting cells when compared to activated, uninfected T cells and the enhanced ability to present antigen correlated with a marked upregulation in surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and LFA-3. The ability of HTLV-I-infected T cells to activate other T cells was not simply caused by their state of activation. In contrast with activated and uninfected parental T cells, HTLV-I-infected T cells had downregulated secretion of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10, whereas interferon-γ secretion was significantly increased. Because IL-10 inhibits human CD8 T-cell proliferation, the enhanced antigen-presenting abilities of HTLV-I-infected T cells and the downregulation of IL-10 may be important contributors to the general immune activation and potentially to the remarkably high frequency of cytotoxic T cells observed in HTLV-I myelopathy patients. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Types for atomicity (2003)

Ensuring the correctness of multithreaded programs is difficult, due to the potential for unexpected and nondeterministic interactions, between threads. Previous work addressed this problem by devising tools for detecting race conditions, a situation where two threads simultaneously access the same data variable, and at least one of the accesses is a write. Unfortunately, verifying the absence of such simultaneous-access race conditions is neither necessary nor sufficient to ensure the absence of errors due to unexpected thread interactions.We propose that a stronger non-interference property is required, namely the atomicity of code blocks, and we present a type system for specifying and verifying such atomicity properties. The type system allows statement blocks and functions to be annotated with the keyword atomic. If the program type checks, then the type system guarantees that for any arbitrarily-interleaved program execution, there is a corresponding execution with equivalent behavior in which the instructions of each atomic block executed by a thread are not interleaved with instructions from other threads. This property allows programmers to reason about the behavior of well-typed programs at a higher level of granularity, where each atomic block is executed "in one step", thus signi .cantly simplifying both formal and informal reasoning.Our type system is sufficient to verify a number of interesting examples. For example,it can prove that many methods of java.util. Vector are atomic, even though some methods have benign race conditions, and would be rejected by earlier type systems for race detection.
A system-level investigation into the cellular toxic response mechanism mediated by AhR signal transduction pathway (2010)

Here, we present a manually curated TCDD-mediated AhR signaling pathway including crosstalks with the hypoxia pathway that copes with oxygen deficiency and the p53 pathway that induces a DNA damage response. Based on the integrated pathway, we have constructed a mathematical model and validated it through quantitative experiments. Using the mathematical model, we have investigated: (i) TCDD dose-dependent effects on AhR target genes; (ii) the crosstalk effect between AhR and hypoxia signals; and (iii) p53 inhibition effect of TCDD-liganded AhR. Our results show that cellular intake of TCDD induces AhR signaling pathway to be abnormally up-regulated and thereby interrupts other signaling pathways. Interruption of hypoxia and p53 pathways, in turn, can incur various hazardous effects on cells. Taken together, our study provides a system-level understanding of how AhR signal mediates various TCDD-induced toxicities under the presence of hypoxia and/or DNA damage in cells.
Controlled percutaneous gastrostomy: nylon T-fastener for fixation of the anterior gastric wall. (1986)

We devised a fixation device using the principles of a garment T-fastener to fix the anterior gastric wall to the abdominal wall for percutaneous gastrostomy. Insertion of large (14-16-F), soft, Foley-type catheters without the problem of buckling of the catheter and/or guide wire into the peritoneum, which has been described by previous methods, is facilitated. Also, fixation of the stomach has prevented leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneum and allows formation of adhesions between the abdominal and gastric walls, similar to surgically placed tubes. We initially used this technique experimentally in five cadaver stomachs and six dogs to determine its feasibility and safety. It has now been successfully performed in ten patients without complications.
Extrathymic development of murine T cells after bone marrow transplantation (2012)

Restoring T cell competence is a significant clinical challenge in patients whose thymic function is severely compromised due to age or cytoreductive conditioning. Here, we demonstrate in mice that mesenteric LNs (MLNs) support extrathymic T cell development in euthymic and athymic recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Furthermore, in aged murine BMT recipients, the contribution of the MLNs to the generation of T cells was maintained, while the contribution of the thymus was significantly impaired. Thymic impairment resulted in a proportional increase in extrathymic-derived T cell progenitors. Extrathymic development in athymic recipients generated conventional naive TCRαβ T cells with a broad Vβ repertoire and intact functional and proliferative potential. Moreover, in the absence of a functional thymus, immunity against known pathogens could be augmented using engineered precursor T cells with viral specificity. These findings demonstrate the potential of extrathymic T cell development for T cell reconstitution in patients with limited thymic function.
Taylor-series expansion with generalized perturbation theory for peak power investigations. [LMFBR] (1981)

Generalized perturbation theory (GPT) is often used to calculate the influence on integral reactor performance parameters of design and cross section changes, and to determine integral parameter uncertainties. A Taylor series expansion method with GPT has recently been proposed to treat such shifts explicitly. Cacuci has also developed a theory involving Gateaux-differentials to investigate response maxima. The purpose of the work reported in this summary is to investigate the appropriateness of the Taylor-series GPT approach for peak power investigations in a heterogeneous LMFBR core. The Taylor series approach involves application of GPT to functionals involving derivative operators, and has the advantage that it can be applied directly to GPT production codes without further programming of these codes.
Mechanism of ion transport in perfluoropolyether electrolytes with a lithium salt (2017)

Perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) are polymer electrolytes with fluorinated carbon backbones that have high flash points and have been shown to exhibit moderate conductivities and high cation transference numbers when mixed with lithium salts. Ion transport in four PFPE electrolytes with different endgroups was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ac impedance, and pulsed-field gradient NMR (PFG-NMR) as a function of salt concentration and temperature. In spite of the chemical similarity of the electrolytes, salt diffusion coefficients measured by PFG-NMR and the glass transition temperature measured by DSC appear to be uncorrelated to ionic conductivity measured by ac impedance. We calculate a non-dimensional parameter, β, that depends on the salt diffusion coefficients and ionic conductivity. We also use the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher relationship to fit the temperature dependence of conductivity. We present a linear relationship between the prefactor in the VTF fit and β; both parameters vary by four orders of magnitude in our experimental window. Our analysis suggests that transport in electrolytes with low dielectric constants (low β) is dictated by ion hopping between clusters.
Reaction of 1,2-dihydrobenzocyclobutene-1-carbonitriles with methyl acrylate as an unsymmetric dienophile (1975)

Thermolysis of the 1,2-dihydrobenzocyclobutene-1-carbonitriles (11) and (12) in the presence of methyl acrylate gives in each case two stereoisomeric 1-cyano-2-methoxycarbonyltetralins [(16) and (17), and (18) and (19), respectively]. The cis-isomer (19) was converted into the more stable trans-isomer (17) by treatment with sodium hydride.