gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data Mining for Seismic Exploration (2008)

Seismic exploration plays an important role in petroleum industry. It is widely admitted that there are a lot of limitations of conventional data analysis ways in oil and gas industry. Traditional methods in petroleum engineering are knowledge-driven and often neglect some underlying factors. On the contrary, data mining is to deal with mass of data and never overlook any important phenomena. Due to large volumes of seismic data, we apply data mining to seismic exploration in this paper. K-means based Cluster analysis is applied for the 3-D seismic and well log data. Comparing the clustering results with the well log data, it is easy to display the distribution of lithology in geo-space.
High-energy Nd:glass laser for oncology (1991)

The use of high energy solid state lasers for the treatment of human skin neoplasia was based on the experiments and clinic studies by Helsper and Goldman (1964), McGuff (1966). The heat of precise local volume is emitted due to the pulse laser radiation. The thermal effect results in the superficial necrosis of tissues with their integrity destruction, vascular repture accompanied by bloodstoke in some cases and by capillary embolism in others. Obvious tumour destruction is note only in case of high density irradiation. General tumour destruction depends on biological neoplasia features as well as the laser type.
Pancreatico-Pleural and Bronchial Fistulae and Associated Pseudocysts: Case Series (2014)

Context Pancreatico-pleural fistula is rare complication of chronic or acute pancreatitis. Previous studies have reported imaging features and various management options of this condition including conservative/medical management, endoscopic treatments and surgery.This article reviews the myriad of imaging appearances of this condition in multimodality imaging and different strategies for the successful management in a short case series. Methods After obtaining the institutional ethics committee approval, retrospective review of the medical records of five patients of pancreatico-pleural fistulae who were diagnosed and successfully managed in our hospital in 2012 and 2013 was done. Follow up with out patient records of these patients was also included.Findings were compared with the current available literature on this entity. Results and discussion Pancreatico-pleural fistulae presents with massive pleural effusion.A high index of suspicion is essential for accurate diagnosis. Demonstration of the fistulous tracts requires cross sectional imaging with contrast enhanced CT being most commonly used and affords accurate diagnosis. MRI demonstrates the tracts and ductal disruptions with greater detail and are helpful in confirming the CT findings. Endoscopic ultrasound and ERCP also offer potential of diagnosis, although being technically demanding and invasive is reserved for interventions. Management of these conditions should be initially conservative with endoscopic stenting being offered in selected cases with favourable anatomy and not responding to conservative management. Surgery is reserved for cases not responding to conservative and endoscopic management. Conclusion In conclusion this case series highlights the clinical and imaging spectrum of pancreatico-pleural fistulae and provides insight into the different management strategies that can be adopted for this condition. Image: Expansion of the fistulous tract at CT.
Atomically Clean Integration of Carbon Nanotubes with Silicon (2004)

We have optimized an in situ dry contact transfer (DCT) technique for the ultra‐clean deposition of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) onto H‐passivated and clean Si(100) surfaces. Following DCT in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is used to elucidate the topology and electronic structure of individual SWNTs and the Si substrate. Moreover, we demonstrate controlled SWNT manipulation with the STM probe. Reproducible DCT of mostly isolated SWNTs with minimal contamination is extended to UHV‐cleaned Si(100)‐(2×1), a reactive surface incompatible with ambient solution‐phase processing.
Total Quality Management in Research and Development (1994)

Quality in research and development (R&amp;D) work has become increasingly important as companies commit themselves to quality improvement programmes in all areas of their activity. Quality improvement forms an important part of their competitive strategy. Quality management systems have been successfuly designed and implemented for manufacturing and service functions; but so far the quality principles and systems have been difficult to translate to the R&amp;D function. Looks at the challenge of effective implementation of quality management and total quality principles in R&amp;D. Discusses quality concepts, terms, systems and critical factors for successful implementation. Uses brief case histories to highlight particular approaches to implementation. Finally, introduces a new, versatile method for evaluating the capabilities of an R&amp;D organization in terms of total quality management. It is presented in the form of a case study showing its use in a large R&amp;D laboratory of a major multinational corporation.
Ethnomedicinal plant knowledge of the Mullu kuruma tribe of Wayanad district, Kerala (2008)

Mullu kuruma tribe is a very prominent tribal group of Wayanad district of Kerala state with unique culture and ethnobotanical practices. The study has revealed the use of 136 plant species for traditional medicinal purposes by the tribe. They use about 14 plants for the treatment of skin diseases, 10 for inflammation, 3 as abortifacient, 9 for dandruff, 11 for dysentery, 6 for piles, 7 for epilepsy, 19 for asthma and other bronchial diseases, 11 for anaemia, 4 for constipation, 1 for tuberculosis, 8 for jaundice and other liver diseases, 6 for burns, 7 for leucorrhoea, 2 for migraine, 5 for wounds, 3 for malaria and 13 for urinary complaints and kidney stone.
Radio Frequency Response of a Large Turbine-Generator Stator Winding (1986)

Long term experience with on-line radio frequency monitoring of large turbine generators has shown a need for increased understanding of the propagation of arc generated radio frequency signals in a stator winding. This paper presents the results of an on going research program designed to obtain an increased understanding of radio frequency arc detection in large turbine generators. Test results from AC arcing response and sinewave response measurements made on a generator stator are presented in addition to the results obtained from a computer circuit analysis performed on a radio frequency circuit model of a portion of the same generator stator. These results led to a better understanding of RF arc signal propagation and helped to identify improved detection techniques. Three RF measurement techniques were studied for both the measurements and calculations, resulting in good agreement. Arc voltage detection sensitivity calculations give a minimum detectable level of arc voltage for each RF measurement technique.
Measurements and modeling of the transient acoustic field at impacted plates (1998)

A comparison between measured and simulated transient acoustic fields generated by thin impacted plates is reported. The plate is modeled by using finite difference methods and the radiated pressure is obtained by solving the Rayleigh integral [Ch. Lambourg and A. Chaigne, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101(A) (1997)]. The results are evaluated in the form of the spatial pressure distribution at instants short after the excitation. Experimentally, a lead bullet (0.5 g, 100 m/s) is fired towards a cantilever steel plate (300×30×1 mm). The duration of the impact is estimated by using a high-speed camera that can register several million frames per second. An interferometric comparison of the change in optical path length of two holographic recordings, captured before and shortly after the impact, gives a 2-D projection of the acoustic field. A double-pulsed ruby laser, emitting light pulses of short duration (30 ns), is used as light source [S. Schedin, A. O. Waahlin, and P. Gren, J. Acoust. Soc. Am 99, 700–705 (1996)]. A high degree of similarity is observed between measured and simulated sound field, except in the close vicinity of the impact point. It is presumed that the discrepancies are due to nonlinear effects which are not included in the model.
Illnesses Associated With Increased Length of Stay for Individuals Experiencing Homelessness: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations. (2020)

Abstract Background: Individuals experiencing homelessness (IEH) tend to have increased length of stay (LOS) in acute care settings, which negatively impacts health care costs and resource utilization. It is unclear however, what specific factors account for this increased LOS. This study attempts to define which diagnoses most impact LOS for IEH and if there are differences based on their demographics. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted looking at ICD-10 diagnosis codes and LOS for patients identified as IEH seen in Emergency Departments (ED) and also for those admitted to. Data were stratified based on diagnosis, gender and age. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine which ICD-10 diagnoses were significantly associated with increased ED and inpatient LOS for IEH compared to housed individuals. Results: Homelessness admissions were associated with increased LOS regardless of gender or age group. The absolute mean difference of LOS between IEH and housed individuals was 1.62 hours [95% CI 1.49 – 1.75] in the ED and 3.02 days [95% CI 2.42-3.62] for inpatients. Males age 18-24 years spent on average 7.12 more days in hospital, and females aged 25-34 spent 7.32 more days in hospital compared to their housed counterparts. Thirty-one diagnoses were associated with increased LOS in EDs for IEH compared to their housed counterparts; maternity concerns and coronary artery disease were associated with significantly increased inpatient LOS. Conclusion: Homelessness significantly increases the LOS of individuals within both ED and inpatient settings. We have identified numerous diagnoses that are associated with increased LOS in IE; these inform the prioritization and development of targeted interventions to improve the health of IEH.
Obesity-Related Microenvironment Promotes Emergence of Virulent Influenza Virus Strains (2020)

Obesity is associated with increased disease severity, elevated viral titers in exhaled breath, and significantly prolonged viral shed during influenza A virus infection. Due to the mutable nature of RNA viruses, we questioned whether obesity could also influence influenza virus population diversity. Here, we show that minor variants rapidly emerge in obese mice. The variants exhibit increased viral replication, resulting in enhanced virulence in wild-type mice. The increased diversity of the viral population correlated with decreased type I interferon responses, and treatment of obese mice with recombinant interferon reduced viral diversity, suggesting that the delayed antiviral response exhibited in obesity permits the emergence of a more virulent influenza virus population. This is not unique to obese mice. Obesity-derived normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells also showed decreased interferon responses and increased viral replication, suggesting that viral diversity also was impacted in this increasing population.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Currently, 50% of the adult population worldwide is overweight or obese. In these studies, we demonstrate that obesity not only enhances the severity of influenza infection but also impacts viral diversity. The altered microenvironment associated with obesity supports a more diverse viral quasispecies and affords the emergence of potentially pathogenic variants capable of inducing greater disease severity in lean hosts. This is likely due to the impaired interferon response, which is seen in both obese mice and obesity-derived human bronchial epithelial cells, suggesting that obesity, aside from its impact on influenza virus pathogenesis, permits the stochastic accumulation of potentially pathogenic viral variants, raising concerns about its public health impact as the prevalence of obesity continues to rise.
Strategies for translating fluorescence imaging agents for intraoperative surgical guidance with qualified devices (Conference Presentation) (2019)

The literature is replete with preclinical and some clinical studies showing the utility of fluorescence guided surgery with fluorescence images reported in “arbitrary units” or (AUs) that can vary with radiometric set-up, tissue optical properties, and agent characteristics. Despite several attempts, it is highly unlikely that AUs can be reliably and routinely calibrated to international standard units (SI units) that is reflective of the amount of probe distributed within tissues. Perhaps more concerning is that there is no industry standard or radiometric performance criteria for preclinical or clinical fluorescence imaging devices, even though IEC 60601, an international series of technical standards, requires numerical indications of performance of medical devices to be in SI units or SI-units for traceability. Using stable phantoms developed by us and our colleagues at NIST1, we have devised approaches to use radiometric principles to qualify device performance and calibrate image output in terms of SI units. In this presentation, we review the performance of marketed clinical devices as reported in SI units and compare SI-derived metrics of commercially available fluorescence imaging devices. Clearly, the efficacy of a fluorescence molecular imaging agent is critically dependent upon the performance of an imaging device and the future success of fluorescence guided surgery depends critically upon community and industry adoption of performance standards for devices. 1Zhu, B., Rasmussen, J.C., Litorja, M., and E.M. Sevick-Muraca, “Determining the performance of fluorescence imaging devices using traceable working standards with SI units of radiance,” IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging, 35(3): 802-11, 2016, PMID: 26552078
Linear ion trap for second order Doppler shift reduction in frequency standard applications (2003)

A novel linear ion trap is designed and being tested which permits storage of a large number of ions with reduced susceptibility to the second-order Doppler effect caused by the RF confining fields. This trap should store about 20 times the number of ions storable by a conventional RF trap, with no corresponding increase in second-order Doppler shift from the confining field. In addition the sensitivity of this shift to trapping parameters, i.e. RF voltage, RF frequency, and trap size, is greatly reduced. Mercury ions and xenon ions are trapped in the presence of helium buffer gas. Trap times as long as 2*10/sup 3/ s have been measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Methylation Analysis of the Fragile X Syndrome by PCR (1997)

The fragile X syndrome is predominantly caused by a large expansion of a CGG trinucleotide repeat in the promoter region of the FMR1 gene, which is associated with methylation and downregulation of transcription. The molecular diagnosis of this disorder is based on repeat size and methylation analysis of the FMR1 gene usually by Southern blot analysis. We describe a PCR-based method for the analysis of methylation of the FMR1 gene, which involves bisulfite treatment of DNA prior to amplification. Fifty-two normal and 48 affected, premutation, or mosaic males were analyzed in a blinded study by this method. A prospective study of 30 males suspected of fragile X was also performed. Amplification specific for the methylated FMR1 sequence was readily observed in all individuals with a full mutation, whereas all normal and premutation individuals showed only amplification-specific for the unmethylated sequence, thus, allowing affected and unaffected males to be distinguished. A full mutation in the presence of mosaicism was also detectable by this method. Methylation-specific PCR appears to be a rapid and reliable tool for the diagnosis of fragile X males.
ChemInform Abstract: RESEARCH ON TUMOR INHIBITING COMPOUNDS. PART LXVI. SYNTHESIS OF SOME AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES OF 1‐NITROACRIDINE (1980)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (IIIa)‐(IIIc) werden aus dem Phenoxyacridin (I) und den Aminosäurederivaten (IIa) bzw. (IIb) und der Aminosäure (IIc) erhalten.
Regioselective Synthesis, Antibacterial, Molecular Docking and Fingerprint Applications of 1‐Benzhydrylpiperazine Derivatized 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles (2018)

Abstract A series of ten 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles having 1‐benzhydrylpiperazine chemical scaffold were synthesized by one pot Cu (I) catalyzed click reaction and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. Amongst all, 2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzyl substituted 1,2,3‐Triazole 7 e and 2,4‐dichlorobenzyl Triazole 7 f found to be more active compared to the Ciprofloxacin. To rationalize the binding interaction of compounds and the protein at active site, we performed Molecular docking study using a bacterial DNA Gyrase B protein. The docking energy of 2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzyl substituted Triazole 7 e and 2,4‐dichlorobenzyl Triazole 7 f was observed as −22.498 and −22.569 kcalmol −1 in comparison to reference drug Ciprofloxacin whose docking energy is −22.072 kcal mol −1 . It also makes several hydrogen bonds with our conserved residue Ser55, Asp81 and Ile86. Furthermore, several hydrophobic contacts were also observed within the pocket. Finally, Latent fingerprint detection study indicated that the compound unsubstituted Triazole 7 a powder shows good adhesion and finger ridge details without back ground staining. The demonstrated method can be applied to detect fingerprints on all types of smooth surfaces and hence, it can be easily adopted for latent fingerprint detection. The in vitro and in silico activities conclusively revealed that our lead compounds may be used as a novel antibacterial agents.
A Study on Personal Space in Virtual Space based on Personality (2015)

In face-to-face communication, the talkers attempt to communicate smoothly by sending and receiving non-verbal information, such as interpersonal distance and facial expression as well as verbal information. On the other hand, in the non-face-to-face communication, exchange of non-verbal information is limited. In this study, for the purpose of designing a comfortable communication space using avatar, focusing on interpersonal distance of avatar chat, we investigate the personal space in the virtual space. Therefore, we have developed an experimental system in which the distance between the avatars can be changed by the users during a chat, and performed the experiment. As a result of the experiment, the tendency personal space in virtual space is similar to the personal space in real space. However personal space varies depending on the relationship with the partner in the face-to-face communication, it doesn’t tend to vary in the virtual space using the proposed system.
Double Stage Activity in Aminoglycoside Antibiotics. (2000)

Fourteen different aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) were challenged with aminoglycoside acetyltransferases (AACs) of actinomycete origin in order to examine their 'double stage activity' that is arbitrarily defined as antibiotic activity retainable after enzymatic modification. In kanamycin (KM)-group AGs tested [KM, dibekacin (DKB), amikacin and arbekacin (ABK)], ABK retained activity after acetylations by AAC(3), AAC(2') and AAC(6'). DKB also retained a weak activity after acetylation by AAC(2'). In gentamicin (GM)-group AGs tested [GM, micronomicin, sisomicin (SISO), netilmicin (NTL) and isepamicin], GM, SISO and NTL retained activites after acetylation by AAC(2'). In neomycin (NM)-group AGs tested [ribostamycin, NM, paromomycin], NM retained activity after acetylation by AAC(6') and AAC(2'). None of astromicin (ASTM)-group AGs tested (ASTM and istamycin B) retained activity after acetylation by AAC(2') and AAC(6'). The activities of acetylated ABK derivatives by AAC(3) and AAC(2') were distinctively high, compared to the others. Streptomyces lividans TK21 containing the cloned aac genes were markedly sensitive to AGs that retained activities after acetylation, indicating the substantial effect of 'double stage activity'.
Preventive effect of fluvastatin on the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (2020)

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) occurs in patients undergoing oral surgery while medicated with bisphosphonate, denosumab or anti-angiogenic agents. We employed a MRONJ-like rat model to investigate whether injecting fluvastatin at extraction sites prevents MRONJ-like lesion. A MRONJ-like model was created by treating rats with zoledronate and dexamethasone, extracting teeth, and immediately injecting fluvastatin at the extraction site. The experimental group comprised three subgroups treated with low (0.1 mg/kg; FS-L), medium (1.0 mg/kg; FS-M) and high concentrations (10 mg/kg; FS-H) of fluvastatin. Necrotic bone exposure was significantly lower in the FS-M (p = 0.028) and FS-H (p = 0.041) groups than in the MRONJ group. The distance between the edges of the epithelial surfaces was significantly shorter in the FS-M (p = 0.042) and FS-H (p = 0.041) groups. The area of necrotic bone and the necrotic bone ratio were significantly smaller in the FS-H group (p = 0.041 and p = 0.042 respectively). Bone volume fraction calculated on μ-CT images was significantly larger in the FS-H group than in the MRONJ group (p = 0.021). Our findings suggest that a single local injection of fluvastatin following tooth extraction can potentially reduce the chance of developing MRONJ-like lesion in rats.
An electrical DNA sensor with gold decorated SWCNT network (2010)

We report a novel electrical DNA biosensor, which consists of gold (Au) nano islands and SWCNT net on top of a semi-concentric Au electrode array (also referred to as the CGi). The real time measurement in TE buffer solution in a wide range of the target ss-DNA concentration down to fM (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> M) was performed to check the detection limit. The CGi, functionalized with 25mer probe ss-DNA (5'-HSC <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> -C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sub> -GC CAT TCT CAC CGH ATT CAG TCG TC-3') shows high binding affinity of complementary ss-DNA targets until 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-13</sup> M. Moreover, it differentiates the mismatched target ss-DNA with high selectivity. This kind of CGi sensor platform can be applied to a target specific biological recognition element such as aptamer and protein easily, thereby realizing a general sensor platform for sensing many different types of biomolecules.
SEPARATION OF STRONTIUM ION FROM A LARGE AMOUNT OF CALCIUM ION BY THE USE OF A MACROCYCLIC ETHER (1977)

Abstract A small amount of Sr2+ (0.7∼20 mg) was simply separated from a large amount of Ca2+(1.5 g) by liquid–liquid extraction using dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 chloroform solution. Average recovery of Sr2+ was 97 %, and the amount of Ca2+ in the final strontium fraction of the separation was decreased to 10−4∼10−5 part of the initial amount.