gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of 3-hydroxyretinol in the freshwater fish Bagarius bagarius and Wallago attu. Isolation and synthesis (1977)

A new chromogen that absorbs maximally at 329 nm was frequently found in the liver oils of the freshwater fish Bagarius bagarius and Wallago attu. It was shown to be a diester of 3-hydroxyretinol. 3-Hydroxyretinol was found to be a metabolite of lutein during the biosynthesis of 3-dehydroretinol in a freshwater fish. A new method for the chemical synthesis of 3-hydroxyretinol from methyl 3-dehydroretinoate is described. The possible pathway for the conversion of lutein into 3-dehydroretinol in vivo is discussed.
Hollow Cathode Deposition of Thin Films (2006)

Thin films of metals and compounds have a very wide range of applications today. Many of the deposition methods used for the production of such films utilize plasma to support the growth the film, e.g. by the supply of energy and the enhancement of reactivity. This thesis focuses on the physical vapor deposition (PVD) of thin films by high density plasma sources based on hollow cathodes and aims to increase the understanding of the deposition process and its influence on the film properties. Titanium nitride films reactively deposited by the low-pressure hybrid plasma (HYP LP) source exhibited excellent properties and was deposited at considerable higher rates than films deposited by conventional methods. An original finding in this work is the influence of substrate material on the deposition process and consequently on the properties of the deposited film. In the deposition of TiN films by the HYP LP source it was found that the substrate temperature was higher for Si substrates than for steel substrates due to a more efficient absorption of microwave power in Si than in steel. Further, it was found that ferromagnetic substrates influence the film growth in magnetized plasma systems. An effect of the ferromagnetic substrates is the enhancement of ion bombardment that increases the growth temperature and affects the texture and morphology of the growing films. It was also found that a DC bias can change the TiN film properties considerably and compensate the effect of ferromagnetic substrates. High rate depositions of chromium and chromium nitride films by the RF hollow cathode plasma jet (RHCPJ) source were studied. The performance of the reactive diffuse arc process and the CrN film properties indicates that the process can be transferred from small cylindrical cathodes to linear magnetized hollow cathodes which allow deposition on considerable larger areas and this is important for industrial applications.
A Lewisy epitope mimicking peptide induces anti‐Lewisy immune responses in rabbits and mice (1999)

Lewis(y) carbohydrate antigens are abundant on the surface of many carcinomas. Mab B3 directed against this carbohydrate antigen has been used to make an immunotoxin that is very cytotoxic to cancer cells expressing the Lewis(y) antigen. Mab B3 was also used to screen a phage-displayed peptide library and identified a peptide mimicking the Lewis(y) epitope. In this report, we demonstrate that the Lewis(y) epitope-mimicking peptide induces anti-Lewis(y)immune responses in both rabbits and mice. In addition, Lewis(y) antigens induce anti-peptide immune responses. These results indicate that carbohydrate-mimicking peptides provide a novel strategy to elicit immune responses for tumor-associated carbohydrates.
Traumatic Perforation of the Pyriform Sinus (1985)

Hypopharyngeal perforation secondary to tracheal intubation is a rare and serious complication. Radiographic evaluation is helpful when the clinical diagnosis is not obvious. In one such case CT demonstrated the site of perforation and its extension into the superior mediastinum, facilitating the subsequent surgical approach.
Maintenance of increased bone mass after PTH withdrawal by sequential medicarpin treatment via augmentation of cAMP‐PKA pathway (2022)

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder associated with impaired bone microarchitecture leading to fragility fractures. Long-term usage of parathyroid hormone (PTH) enhances bone resorption and leads to osteosarcoma in rats which limits its exposure to maximum 2 years in human. Notably, the anabolic effects of PTH do not endure in the absence of sustained administration. Studies in our lab identified osteogenic and antiresorptive activity in medicarpin, a phytoestrogen belonging to the pterocarpan class. Considering dual-acting property of medicarpin and limitations of PTH therapy, we envisaged that medicarpin sequential treatment after PTH withdrawal could serve as promising therapeutic approach for osteoporosis treatment. As PTH exerts its bone anabolic effect by increasing osteoblast survival, our study aims to determine whether medicarpin amplifies this effect of PTH. Our results show that PTH withdrawal led to reduced bone mineral density and bone parameters, while sequential treatment of medicarpin after PTH withdrawal significantly enhanced these parameters. Remarkably, these effects were more pronounced than 8-week PTH treatment. Sequential therapy also significantly increased P1NP levels and decreased CTX levels and TRAP positive cells compared to PTH 8W group where CTX levels were quite high due to bone resorptive action of PTH. Protein expression studies revealed that medicarpin along with PTH betters the antiapoptotic potential compared to PTH alone, through augmentation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-PKA-CREB pathway. These results proclaim that medicarpin sequential treatment prevented the reduction in bone accrual and strength accompanying PTH withdrawal and also aided in antiapoptotic role of PTH. The study points toward the potential use of medicarpin as a replacement therapeutic option postdiscontinuation of PTH.
Effect-Site Concentration of Remifentanil for Minimizing Cardiovascular Changes by Inhalation of Desflurane (2013)

The most appropriate effect-site concentration of remifentanil for blunting hemodynamic responses by inhalation of high concentration desflurane is 4 ng/mL.
Temperature-dependent phonon mode and interband electronic transition evolutions of ε-InSe films derived by pulsed laser deposition (2020)

We report the temperature-dependent phonon modes and interband electronic transitions of InSe films on SiO2/Si substrates prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The microstructure results proved the ε phase structure and monochalcogenide phase composition with well-defined hexagonal InSe sheets. The temperature effects on lattice vibrations were discovered by Raman spectra from 123 K to 423 K. The frequency and full width at half maximum of the A2g1(LO) mode show a strong nonlinearity with the temperature. The energy band structure and electron–phonon interaction were studied by temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry with the aid of the Tauc–Lorentz model. It was found that five electronic transitions around 1.33, 1.61, 2.53, 3.73, and 4.64 eV generally show a redshift trend with the temperature. The present results can provide a valuable reference for future optoelectronic applications of InSe films.
Performance evaluation of the HEP, ELXSI and CRAY X-MP parallel processors on hydrocode test problems (1986)

Parallel programming promises improved processing speeds for hydrocodes, magnetohydrocodes, multiphase flow codes, thermal-hydraulics codes, wavecodes and other continuum dynamics codes. This paper presents the results of some investigations of parallel algorithms on three parallel processors: the CRAY X-MP, ELXSI and the HEP computers. Introduction and Background: We report the results of investigations of parallel algorithms for computational continuum dynamics. These programs (hydrocodes, wavecodes, etc.) produce simulations of the solutions to problems arising in the motion of continua: solid dynamics, liquid dynamics, gas dynamics, plasma dynamics, multiphase flow dynamics, thermal-hydraulic dynamics and multimaterial flow dynamics. This report restricts its scope to one-dimensional algorithms such as the von Neumann-Richtmyer (1950) scheme.
Three-Dimensional Multiple Object Tracking Speed Thresholds are Associated with Measures of Simulated Driving Performance in Older Drivers (2017)

We assessed the relationship between three-dimensional multiple-object-tracking (3D-MOT) ability and older driver simulated driving performance. Participants included 30 older drivers from the local community who completed two experimental driving scenarios, as well as a three-dimensional multiple object tracking task, called the 3D-MOT task. The speed thresholds on the 3D-MOT task were strongly negatively associated with lane deviation and crash rates during a simulated highway drive. Our findings help to expand the existing knowledge regarding multiple object tracking and driving, as it is commonly assumed that some aspects of driving include the ability to track the movement of many objects. Our findings further elucidate the relationship that motion processing has with driving performance in the older driver population.
Efficiency and performance tests of the sorptive building materials that reduce indoor formaldehyde concentrations (2019)

The adsorption of volatile organic compounds by building materials reduces the pollutant concentrations in indoor air. We collected three interior building materials with adsorption potentials-latex paint, micro-carbonized plywood, and moisture-buffering siding-used the sorptive building materials test (SBMT) to determine how much they reduced indoor formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations, and then assessed the consequent reduction in human cancer risk from HCHO inhalation. Adsorption of HCHO by building materials significantly improved the effective ventilation efficiency. For example, the equivalent ventilation rate for Celite siding-used for humidity control-was 1.44 m3/(m2·h) at 25°C, 50% relative humidity (RH); the loading factor (L) was 0.4 m2/m3, and the HCHO concentration was 0.2 ppm; this effect is equivalent to a higher ventilation rate of approximately 0.6 air changes per hour in a typical Taiwanese dwelling. There was also a substantial reduction of risk in Case MCP-2 (Cin,te: 245 μg/m3, 30°C, 50% RH): males: down 5.73 × 10-4; females: down 4.84 × 10-4). The selection of adsorptive building materials for interior surfaces, therefore, significantly reduces human inhalation of HCHO. Our findings should encourage developing and using innovative building materials that help improve indoor air quality and thus provide building occupants with healthier working and living environments.
Feedforward Inhibitory Connections From Multiple Thalamic Cells to Multiple Regular-Spiking Cells in Layer 4 of the Somatosensory Cortex (2006)

Thalamocortical (TC) cells in the ventrobasal thalamus make direct excitatory connections with regular-spiking (RS) cells in layer 4 of the somatosensory cortex, but also make disynaptic feedforward inhibitory connections with the RS cells by layer 4 fast-spiking (FS) cells. In this study, we investigated connection rules of the feedforward inhibitory circuit from multiple TC cells to multiple RS cells, at the level of synaptic potentials. Using thalamocortical brain slices of young mice (postnatal days 12–16), we made simultaneous patch-clamp recordings from three adjacent cortical cells (two RS cells and one FS cell), combined with minimal stimulation of presumed single TC fibers. We found that nearly all (97%) of TC fibers, which generated excitatory inputs onto RS cells, also generated divergent excitatory inputs onto adjacent FS cells. Some 44% of TC fibers generated divergent excitatory inputs onto adjacent pairs of RS cells. We then combined the triple patch-clamp recording with multisite (two to three) minimal stimulation of single TC fibers and found that 86% of FS cells received convergent inputs from all of the stimulated TC fibers. We also found that 68% of FS cells generated divergent inhibitory inputs onto adjacent pairs of RS cells. The results indicate that spikes in TC cells, which excite RS cells, also excite adjacent FS cells with high fidelity. The results also indicate that FS cells receive convergent excitatory inputs from multiple TC cells and then send divergent inhibitory outputs to multiple RS cells.
Efficient Record Linkage Algorithms Using Complete Linkage Clustering (2016)

Data from different agencies share data of the same individuals. Linking these datasets to identify all the records belonging to the same individuals is a crucial and challenging problem, especially given the large volumes of data. A large number of available algorithms for record linkage are prone to either time inefficiency or low-accuracy in finding matches and non-matches among the records. In this paper we propose efficient as well as reliable sequential and parallel algorithms for the record linkage problem employing hierarchical clustering methods. We employ complete linkage hierarchical clustering algorithms to address this problem. In addition to hierarchical clustering, we also use two other techniques: elimination of duplicate records and blocking. Our algorithms use sorting as a sub-routine to identify identical copies of records. We have tested our algorithms on datasets with millions of synthetic records. Experimental results show that our algorithms achieve nearly 100% accuracy. Parallel implementations achieve almost linear speedups. Time complexities of these algorithms do not exceed those of previous best-known algorithms. Our proposed algorithms outperform previous best-known algorithms in terms of accuracy consuming reasonable run times.
A nanomedicine, chemistry and tumor biology therapeutic recipe made @ UK-Portugal to defeat glioblastoma (2021)

The 5-year survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients is limited to a dismal<br/>5%, highlighting the need to advance more effective therapies. GBM tissue abnormally overexpresses the L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), for which L-histidine (His) is an inexpensive and powerful targeting ligand. Thus, we propose the chemical modification of a conventional chemo-immunogenic drug, docetaxel, into a nanomedicine with surface-His (nano-DTX-His) to target GBM tissue via LAT1 adhesive binding and further augment localized cell death. Since nano-DTX-His cannot be used for IV therapies due its inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) per se, we further propose its modification with an<br/>acid-cleavable Angiopep-2 layer (nano-DTX-His-clv-Angiopep2) to favor BBB<br/>translocation. It is of important note that the choice of DTX is based on its IC50, which is around 20.000-times lower than the standard temozolomide (in https://www.cancerrxgene.org/).
Cascade Models of Vibration Transmission in Flight Vehicles (1966)

Cascade models offer a simple explanation of high-frequency vibration transmission in aerospace vehicles subjected to localized excitation sources. Vibration-transfer data from a variety of aerospace programs have been reduced to a common base by utilizing a “characteristic length” of the transmission path to scale the frequency axis. The results from several programs indicate that the degree of excitation coherence significantly affects the nature of the transmitted vibration. An example is presented to illustrate the use of cascade models to assess the relative importance of parallel vibration-transmission paths.
New scroll profiles based on an algebraic spiral and their application to small-capacity refrigeration compressors (1996)

The scroll-wrap profile is an important factor for improving performance and reliability of scroll fluid machines. Circular involutes are generally used in current scroll compressors. In this paper, the authors have adopted an algebraic spiral (r = a{phi}{sup {kappa}}) as the basic curve for their scroll-wrap profiles. The advantages of using this spiral are as follows: (1) The scroll-wrap thickness can be changed according to strength requirements. (2) Scroll-wrap dimensions can be reduced to some extent from those used with an involute curve under the same design conditions. (3) The top clearance volume can be reduced or even eliminated. The authors applied this new profile in a small-capacity refrigeration compressor and its excellent features were confirmed.
Effect of Bovine Recombinant Alpha-1 Interferon on Inflammatory Responses of Bovine Phagocytes (1984)

Bovine phagocytic cells (polymorphonuclear granulocytes, blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages) were treated in vitro with homogeneous, recombinant DNA produced bovine alpha-1 interferon (IFN-alpha 1). The effects seen comprised of enhanced bacterial uptake by all three cell types and increased Fc receptor activity in alveolar macrophages, inhibition of both directed and random migration of monocytes and polymorphs, increased enzyme release or inactivation, increased hydrogen peroxide generation, and decreased superoxide anion release by alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These effects were dose- and time-dependent, the kinetics varying for the different cell types.
Magnetic susceptibility of the A‐15 compound system (V1−xCrx)3Si (1979)

Abstract The magnetic susceptibility of single and polycrystalline samples of the A‐15 compounds (V 1− x Cr x ) 3 Si (0 ≦ x ≦ 1) is measured at temperatures between 4.2 and 320 K. The magnitude and the temperature dependence of the susceptibility diminish with increasing Cr concentration. Applying a peak model for the density of electronic states it is found that the change of the temperature dependence of the susceptibility with increasing Cr concentration is caused mainly by broadening of the peak in the density of electronic states.
Biodegradability assessment of scale inhibitors from oil industry (2022)

A frequent problem in the oil industry is the formation of scale. To minimize this, it is necessary to use additives, which usually enrich the environment, thus promoting microbial growth and inactivation of products. This work evaluated the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shewanella algae strains on three scale inhibitors: phosphonate, ethylene glycol combined to amino-ethanol and an organic acid copolymer. Samples containing phosphonate and organic acid copolymer stimulated the growth of P. aeruginosa strains, while ethylene glycol acted as a biocide for S. algae. Furthermore, the samples were used as a source of nutrients by the tested strains.
Ligands at β2-, β3-, and the Low-Affinity State of β1-Adrenoceptors Block the α1-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Constriction in Human Pulmonary and Rat Mesenteric Arteries (2005)

We examined whether the beta2-adrenoceptor agonists fenoterol and salbutamol, the beta3-adrenoceptor agonists CL 316243 and ZD 2079, and the agonists of the low-affinity state of beta-adrenoceptors, cyanopindolol and CGP 12177 block alpha1-adrenoceptors in that concentration range in which they relax the human pulmonary and rat mesenteric arteries preconstricted with phenylephrine 10 microM and 1 microM, respectively. For quantification of vasodilatation pEC25 values and for the antagonism toward alpha1-adrenoceptors, pA2 values were determined. We found that in the rat mesenteric artery, (1) the pEC25 values of the beta-adrenoceptor ligands resemble their respective pA2 values (difference < or = 0.9 log units), and (2) the order of potencies is the same for both parameters, ie, cyanopindolol approximately fenoterol > CGP 12177 > salbutamol > ZD 2079 > CL 316243. In the human pulmonary artery, (1) the pEC25 values are slightly lower (by 0.6-1.3 log units) than their respective pA2 values, and (2) the rank order of potencies is the same for both parameters. In conclusion, the present study suggests that ligands of beta2-adrenoceptors and of non-beta1-non-beta2-adrenoceptors relax rat and human vessels preconstricted with phenylephrine or norepinephrine mainly through their alpha1-adrenolytic effects. Hence, for the investigation of the role of beta-adrenoceptors in vessels, the constrictor agent should be chosen with great caution.
Trauma, and Genital and Urethral Reconstruction (2023)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Apr 2023Trauma, and Genital and Urethral Reconstruction Sean P. ElliottMD, MS Sean P. ElliottSean P. Elliott More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003165AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue 4April 2023Page: 799-801 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Sean P. Elliott More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Hemodynamic Response to Fluid Boluses for Hypotension in Children in a Cardiac ICU (2020)

In children with hypotension in a cardiac ICU, the median dose and duration of fluid boluses were 5 mL/kg and 8 minutes. Peak response occurred shortly following administration and commonly returned to baseline.
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of amlodipine use in patients undergoing PTCA in the United States (2001)

The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the potential health economic benefits of using amlodipine in patients undergoing angioplasty procedures. A decision tree model was constructed to determine the total expected cost per patient for a 4-month time period following an initial procedure. The model used clinical data from the Coronary Angioplasty Amlodipine Restenosis Study (CAPARES), a 4-month multicenter double-blind placebo controlled trial conducted to investigate the effect of amlodipine on restenosis and clinical events in patients undergoing PTCA. Outcomes of interest in this analysis included MI, repeat PTCA, CABG, and all-cause mortality. Clinical experts were enlisted and a modified Delphi study approach was undertaken to estimate the type and frequency of healthcare resources consumed during the course of treatment and follow-up for each outcome. Estimated costs for each resource consumed and the clinical data from the CAPARES trial provided the input for the decision tree model. The total expected cost per patient using amlodipine over 4-months was $23,042. For those who did not use amlodipine, the total expected cost per patient was $24,132. The results of the decision tree model demonstrated the magnitude of the potential savings resulting from the improved clinical outcomes for patients using amlodipine with PTCA. According to the results of CAPARES, the adjunctive use of amlodipine decreased the rate of angioplasties by 9.4% (93.1% versus 83.7%). The rate of MI in the amlodipine cohort was 1.7%, 3.1% for repeat PTCA, 1.7% for CABG, and 0.3% for death as opposed to rates of 3.7%, 7.8%, 4.4%, and 0.3%, respectively, in the placebo cohort. Overall, fewer health resources were utilized by amlodipine patients, resulting in a savings in total expected cost of treatment of $1,090. In conclusion, adjunctive use of amlodipine is a cost-effective therapeutic strategy to achieve more favorable clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PTCAs in the US.
Fabrication of poly(α‐hydroxy acid) foam scaffolds using multiple solvent systems (2001)

The present studies describe the fabrication and characterization of highly porous and interconnected poly(alpha-hydroxy acid) foam scaffolds produced using a phase separation multisolvent system, followed by a sublimation process. Fabrication parameters, including solvent composition, polymer concentration, freezing temperature, polymer type, and polymer molecular weight, were optimized to produce the desired foam microstructure. Analyses of selected samples with scanning electron microscopic images and mercury intrusion porosimetry indicated polymer foams with pore size ranges of 100-350 microm, a porosity >90%, and an interconnecting open-pore foam structure. Scaffold degradation profiles varied according to the type and molecular weight of the polymers. Cytocompatibility assays demonstrated that the preferred foam structures were nontoxic and osteoprecursor cells seeded into the scaffolds exhibited the ability to attach, propagate, and differentiate into a calcified structure.