gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive characterization of cancer genes in hepatocellular carcinoma genomes (2017)

The present study was performed to detect moderate or low-frequency mutated cancer driver genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), using OncodriveFM and Dendrix. Following this, integrated analyses were conducted on these novel cancer driver genes. A total of 112,980 somatic mutations were retrieved from TCGA and classified into 11 categories based on their function. Driver genes and pathways were predicted by OncodriveFM and Dendrix, followed by differential expression, DNA-methylation, copy number variations and survival analyses. Overall, non-synonymous mutations accounted for >60% (72,149/112, 980) of total variants, 108 and 3 driver genes were determined by OncodriveFM and Dendrix, respectively. Tumor protein p53, SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4, smad family member 3, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, catenin β 1, smad family member 4, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and TSC complex subunit 2 are at the core of the driver gene interaction network. Two genes, transportin 1 (TNPO1) and chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 3 (CCT3), were hypomethylated and overexpressed, and high expression of TNPO1 and CCT3 indicated a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. β-carotene oxygenase 2 was hypermethylated, under-expressed and associated with favorable prognosis in HCC. The present study has identified a set of novel cancer genes and pathways, offering potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for the treatment of HCC.
A prototype real-time intrusion-detection expert system (2003)

The design and implementation of a prototype intrusion-detection expert system (IDES) are described. IDES is based on the concept that an intrusion manifests itself as a departure from expected behavior for a user. The prototype monitors users on a remote system, using audit records that characterize their activities. It adaptively learns the normal behavior of each user and detects and reports anomalous user behavior in real time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum- and metallo-β-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria among neonates born in a hospital setting in central Saudi Arabia (2015)

From June 2012 to January 2013, 150 healthy neonates.
Research on system security coordination problem in multilevel electricity market (2003)

With further development of restructuring in power industry, it's urgent and necessary to establish multilevel power market in large interconnected power systems in order to better configure energy resources in a larger scope and gain greater economic benefit of power exchange. This paper puts strong emphasis upon system security coordination problem in a multilevel market, which is one of the key problems encountered in such environment. After careful analysis and comparison of several proposed alternatives, a sequential security coordination scheme that is based on two sets of coordination information is recommended. Under this scheme the upper-level and lower-level power market can cooperate smoothly for the system security, and potential power exchanges among lower-level markets can be greatly boosted. The related topics and results of a case study are also introduced. It is concluded that this scheme is excellent for its high economics, low complexity, fair flexibility and easy generalization.
An Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Network Operation Model for IEEE 802.15.4-Based Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (2014)

IEEE 802.15.4 mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs) have been investigated in literature. One major finding is that these networks suffer from control packet overhead and delivery ratio degradation. This increases the network's energy consumption. This paper introduces a cross-layer operation model that can improve the energy consumption and system throughput of IEEE 802.15.4 MWSNs. The proposed model integrates four layers in the network operation: 1) application (node location); 2) network (routing); 3) medium access control (MAC); and 4) physical layers. The location of the mobile nodes is embedded in the routing operation after the route discovery process. The location information is then utilized by the MAC layer transmission power control to adjust the transmission range of the node. This is used to minimize the power utilized by the network interface to reduce the energy consumption of the node(s). The model employs a mechanism to minimize the neighbor discovery broadcasts to the active routes only. Reducing control packet broadcasts between the nodes reduces the network's consumed energy. It also decreases the occupation period of the wireless channel. The model operation leads the network to consume less energy while maintaining the network packet delivery ratio. To the best of our knowledge, the presented operational model with its simplicity has never been introduced. Through simulation-based evaluations, the proposed model outperforms the conventional operation of IEEE 802.15.4-based network and the energy efficient and QoS aware multipath routing protocol in terms of energy consumption by roughly 10%, twice less control packet overhead, on-par end-to-end delays and comparative packet delivery ratios.
Poly(ethylene oxide) macromonomers. 7. Micellar polymerization in water (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(ethylene oxide) macromonomers. 7. Micellar polymerization in waterKoichi Ito, Kazuo Tanaka, Hiroshige Tanaka, Genji Imai, Seigou Kawaguchi, and Shinichi ItsunoCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 9, 2348–2354Publication Date (Print):April 29, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 29 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00009a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00009a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views929Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intracavity trace molecular detection with a broadband mid-IR frequency comb source (2013)

Ultrasensitive detection of methane, isotopic carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, acetylene, and ethylene is performed in the spectral range 2.5&#x2013;5&#xA0;&#x3BC;m using intracavity spectroscopy in broadband optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). The OPOs were operated near degeneracy and synchronously pumped either by a mode-locked erbium (1560&#xA0;nm) or thulium (2050&#xA0;nm) fiber laser. A large instantaneous bandwidth of up to 800&#x2009;&#x2009;cm&#x2212;1 allows for simultaneous detection of several gases. We observe an effective path-length enhancement due to coherent interaction inside the OPO cavity and achieve part-per-billion sensitivity levels. The measured spectral shapes are in good agreement with a model that takes into account group delay dispersion across the broad OPO frequency band.
The difficulty of reducing nitrogen oxides in the presence of oxygen (1980)

Abstract A hypothesis is made, based on the literature, which makes it very unlikely that NO can be selectively reduced by any reducing agent other than ammonia. The hypothesis is based upon the very fast reduction of NO 2 , even in the presence of oxygen, and an easy reoxidation of NO to NO 2 which are both preferential to NO reduction in the presence of oxygen. The particular feature of ammonia originates from the fact that in parallel with this reaction, both reactants, under limiting conditions (defined by temperature), participate in a second scheme which leads to the formation of surface complexes dissociating into N 2 and/or N 2 O. These surface complexes are most probably NH 4 NO 2 and NH 4 NO 3 . In the presence of oxygen only this second scheme leads to the formation of N 2 and or N 2 O and is even accelerated by the re‐oxidation of NO to NO 2 .
Data-embedded-error-diffusion hologram (Invited Paper) (2014)

This paper describes a method for converting a complex Fresnel hologram into a phase-only hologram that can be embedded with large amount of data. Briefly, each row of pixels in the hologram is scanned sequentially in a left-to-right direction. The magnitude of each visited pixel is set to a constant, and its phase is embedded with the data. Subsequently, the error is diffused to the neighborhood pixels. The phase hologram realized with such means, which is referred to as the data-embedded-error-diffusion (DEED) hologram, is capable of preserving high fidelity on the content of the hologram and the embedded data.
Detection of Androgenic-Mutagenic Compounds and Potential Autochthonous Bacterial Communities during In Situ Bioremediation of Post-methanated Distillery Sludge (2017)

Sugarcane-molasses-based post-methanated distillery waste is well known for its toxicity, causing adverse effects on aquatic flora and fauna. Here, it has been demonstrated that there is an abundant mixture of androgenic and mutagenic compounds both in distillery sludge and leachate. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed dodecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, <i>n</i>-pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol trimethyl ether, heptacosane, dotriacontane, lanosta-8, 24-dien-3-one, 1-methylene-3-methyl butanol, 1-phenyl-1-propanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol, and 2-ethylthio-10-hydroxy-9-methoxy-1,4 anthraquinone as major organic pollutants along with heavy metals (all mg kg<sup>-1</sup>): Fe (2403), Zn (210.15), Mn (126.30, Cu (73.62), Cr (21.825), Pb (16.33) and Ni (13.425). In a simultaneous analysis of bacterial communities using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method the dominance of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. followed by <i>Enterococcus</i> sp. as autochthonous bacterial communities growing in this extremely toxic environment was shown, indicating a primary community for bioremediation. A toxicity evaluation showed a reduction of toxicity in degraded samples of sludge and leachate, confirming the role of autochthonous bacterial communities in the bioremediation of distillery waste <i>in situ</i>.
Pharmacological characterization of the cardiovascular responses elicited by kinin B1 and B2 receptor agonists in the spinal cord of streptozotocin‐diabetic rats (2000)

Kinin receptor agonists and antagonists at the B(1) and B(2) receptors were injected intrathecally (i.t., at T-9 spinal cord level) to conscious unrestrained rats and their effects on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were compared in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats (65 mg kg(-1) STZ, i.p. 3 weeks earlier) and aged-matched control rats. The B(1) receptor agonist, des-Arg(9)-Bradykinin (BK) (3.2 - 32.5 nmol), evoked dose-dependent increases in MAP and tachycardia during the first 10 min post-injection in STZ-diabetic rats only. The cardiovascular response to 6.5 nmol des-Arg(9)-BK was reversibly blocked by the prior i.t. injection of antagonists for the B(1) receptor ([des-Arg(10)]-Hoe 140, 650 pmol or [Leu(8)]-des-Arg(9)-BK, 65 nmol) and B(2) receptor (Hoe 140, 81 pmol or FR173657, 81 pmol) or by indomethacin (5 mg kg(-1), i.a.). The i.t. injection of BK (8.1 - 810 pmol) induced dose-dependent increases in MAP which were accompanied either by tachycardiac (STZ-diabetic rats) or bradycardiac (control rats) responses. The pressor response to BK was significantly greater in STZ-diabetic rats. The cardiovascular response to 81 pmol BK was reversibly blocked by 81 pmol Hoe 140 or 81 pmol FR173657 but not by B(1) receptor antagonists nor by indomethacin in STZ-diabetic rats. The data suggest that the activation of kinin B(1) receptor in the spinal cord of STZ-diabetic rats leads to cardiovascular changes through a prostaglandin mediated mechanism. Thus, this study affords an accessible model for studying the expression, the pharmacology and physiopathology of the B(1) receptor in the central nervous system.
Theory catches up with flying frog (1997)

Until a decade ago, the free levitation of superconductors above a magnet, or vice versa, could be observed only through the small window of a cryostat. The superconductors known at the time would only superconduct if cooled to liquid-helium temperatures, around 4 K. But since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors – such as yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), which has a superconducting transition temperature of 92.5 K – levitation can be demonstrated openly on the tabletop. A small disk of YBCO is cooled to 77 K in a bowl of liquid nitrogen, and then placed above an appropriately shaped permanent magnet. The superconductor levitates in this position until it warms to 92.5 K and falls. Particularly impressive is the continuous levitation of a person standing on a magnetized plate that floats above a closed tank containing pieces of YBCO in liquid nitrogen.
Application of High Speed Liquid Chromatography to the Qualitative Analysis of Compounds of Propellant and Explosives Interest (1974)

Journal Article Application of High Speed Liquid Chromatography to the Qualitative Analysis of Compounds of Propellant and Explosives Interest Get access J. Omar Doali, J. Omar Doali Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arpad A. Juhasz Arpad A. Juhasz Ballistic Chemistry Branch, Ballistic Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 12, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 51–56, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/12.1.51 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 09 April 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
A calcium optimum for cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell cytotoxicity (2018)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells are required to protect the human body against cancer. Ca<sup>2+</sup> is a key metabolic factor for lymphocyte function and cancer homeostasis. We analysed the Ca<sup>2+</sup> dependence of CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity against cancer cells and found that CTLs have a bell-shaped Ca<sup>2+</sup> dependence with an optimum for cancer cell elimination at rather low [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>o</sub> (23-625 μm) and [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>i</sub> (122-334 nm). This finding predicts that a partial inhibition of Orai1 should increase (rather than decrease) cytotoxicity of CTLs at [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>o</sub> higher than 625 μm. We tested this hypothesis in CTLs and indeed found that partial down-regulation of Orai1 by siRNA increases the efficiency of cancer cell killing. We found two mechanisms that may account for the Ca<sup>2+</sup> optimum of cancer cell killing: (1) migration velocity and persistence have a moderate optimum between 500 and 1000 μm [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>o</sub> in CTLs, and (2) lytic granule release at the immune synapse between CTLs and cancer cells is increased at 146 μm compared to 3 or 800 μm, compatible with the Ca<sup>2+</sup> optimum for cancer cell killing. It has been demonstrated in many cancer cell types that Orai1-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals enhance proliferation. We propose that a decrease of [Ca<sup>2+</sup> ]<sub>o</sub> or partial inhibition of Orai1 activity by selective blockers in the tumour microenvironment could efficiently reduce cancer growth by simultaneously increasing CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity and decreasing cancer cell proliferation.
Effects of intraduodenal glucose infusion on gastric myoelectrical activity and antropyloroduodenal motility (1998)

Intraduodenal nutrient infusions cause an inhibition of antral motility and an increase in pyloric motility. The involvement of gastric myoelectrical activity in this intestinogastric feedback was studied. Electrogastrography and antropyloroduodenal manometry were performed in 10 healthy volunteers. The effects of 20-mininfusions of 25% glucose (4 kcal/min) and saline were compared. Intraduodenal glucose infusions caused a decrease in the power of the dominant frequency in the electrogastrogram (P = 0.028), but the frequency itself remained unchanged. The total number of dysrhythmias increased (P = 0.035). An inhibition of antral motor activity (P = 0.001), an increase in the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves (P = 0.027), and an increase in basal pyloric tone (P = 0.001) were simultaneously recorded. The change in power during glucose infusion correlated positively with the change in the antral motility index (rs = 0.50, P = 0.001). It is concluded that inhibition of gastric myoelectrical activity is one of the mechanisms underlying an inhibition of motor activity in the gastric antrum.
Accumulation of multiple forms of lamin A with down‐regulation of FACE‐1 suppresses growth in senescent human cells (2007)

5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) clearly induces a senescence-like phenomenon in every cell type. Proteome analysis revealed that lamin A and C were most highly increased in the nuclei of HeLa cells upon addition of BrdU. Immunoblot analysis also revealed marked accumulation of nuclear prelamin A. Consistently, farnesylated-proteins converting enzyme 1 (FACE-1) was markedly down-regulated in the same cells. Similar phenomena were also observed in normal human fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence. Immunochemical analysis confirmed the above results. Lamin A is a major component of lamina and responsible for several genetic diseases. Thus, we ectopically expressed a wild-type, a mature type and a premature type of lamin in HeLa cells. All of these forms similarly inhibited colony formation and delayed cell cycle progression mainly through G2 phase. These results suggest that a change in the amount of lamin A, rather than appearance of its truncated form, is responsible for growth retardation in affected cells.
Controlled Deposition of Silica on Titania-Silica to Alter the Active Site Surroundings on Epoxidation Catalysts (2020)

Lewis acidic Ti-SiO2 materials are workhorse oxidation catalysts, and they range from microporous substituted zeolites to meso/macroporous materials, often with tradeoffs between steric accessibility and activity. In this study, SiO2 is deposited over the active sites of a macroporous, highly dispersed Ti-SiO2 catalyst, with or without an organic template. SiO2 deposition is shown to impact the local environment around epoxidation active sites without altering the active site or introducing diffusion limitations for the representative bulky alkene limonene. Thus, intrinsic activation enthalpies remain nearly constant (45 ± 3 kJ/mol) across all materials and controls, but templated SiO2 deposition gives an apparent activation enthalpy (9 kJ/mol) much lower than that of the other materials tested because of its strong limonene adsorption. This demonstrates independent control of the active site, its immediate surroundings, and the extended pore structure, while also serving the practical purpose of creating a material that can outperform relevant benchmark materials. These types of materials may find utility in the selective transformation of larger reactants, including biorenewables such as limonene, or precursors for pharmaceuticals and other fine chemicals.
A Performance Prediction of Microgrooved Bearings Under Mixed Lubrication (2008)

In the designs and analysis of engine bearings for automobiles, the precise prediction of the lubrication condition in severe condition is important. In the mixed-elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication analysis, the contact between the projections of surface roughness distributed stochastically is usually considered. This paper describes a theoretical model under the mixed lubrication in the microgrooved bearing. In this modeling, it is assumed that the section shape of microgrooved bearing alloy takes the circular arc form. In the part where contact is caused, the contact pressure is calculated by the Hertzian equation. The elastic deformation of the bearing by the mixed pressure with which oil film pressure and contact pressure are mixed by each allotment ratio is considered. Moreover, the balance requirement between the sum total of mixed pressure on bearing surface and the journal load is met. Under such an assumption, the numerical calculation model is newly obtained to predict the bearing performance in the mixed lubrication of microgrooved bearing. The numeric solutions of EHL based on the mixed lubrication are compared with EHL based on the fluid lubrication. The predicted oil film thickness at the center of bearing by the mixed lubrication model is remarkably thin compared with that by the fluid lubrication model. This shows that the load ability of the oil film thickness decreases by generating contact.
Genetic identification of Mcs-1, a rat mammary carcinoma suppressor gene. (1994)

Women have inherited differences in their susceptibility to breast cancer, but the genes underlying this variation are difficult to identify. We have approached the problem of identifying breast cancer susceptibility genes by using a rat model. Inbred rat strains display differential susceptibilities to mammary carcinogenesis; the Copenhagen (COP) rat is resistant, while the Wistar-Furth (WF) rat is susceptible to induction of mammary tumors by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Genetic breeding studies have shown that tumor resistance in the COP rat is a dominant phenotype, termed the rat mammary carcinoma suppressor trait. As a step toward defining the basis of this resistance, we undertook genetic mapping of this phenotype in a (WF x COP)F1 x WF backcross by studying a large collection of microsatellite and minisatellite polymorphisms. A total of 114 genetic markers, covering approximately 75% of the rat genome, were genotyped in the backcross progeny. A marker on rat chromosome 2 was found to show linkage to the resistance phenotype. Genetic linkage was demonstrated both in a qualitative analysis (in which rats were defined as resistant if they developed 0 tumors and sensitive if they developed two or more tumors; LOD score, 4.0) and in a quantitative trait locus analysis (in which tumor number was used as the quantitative phenotype; LOD score, 3.8). We infer the existence of a gene, Mcs-1, on rat chromosome 2 that suppresses mammary carcinogenesis.
[Progress in treatment of pubic symphysis diastasis]. (2014)

There is no uniform standards about the treatment of pubic symphysis diastasis, but the minimally invasive treatment is an undeniable trend. Percutaneous cannulated screw has achieved satisfactory effectiveness, however, its biomechanical stability and anatomic channels need to be further studied.