gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antisense‐induced down‐regulation of thymidylate synthase and enhanced cytotoxicity of 5‐FUdR in 5‐FUdR‐resistant HeLa cells (2001)

1. Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target for several anticancer drugs. We previously showed that an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) directed against TS mRNA down-regulated TS protein and enhanced cytotoxicity of TS-targeting drugs [including 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (5-FUdR)] in HeLa cells. Patient tumours with increased TS expression are resistant to TS-targeting drugs. It was hypothesized that TS mRNA and consequently TS protein could be down-regulated in 5-FUdR-resistant cells that overexpress TS, sensitizing them to 5-FUdR cytotoxicity. In this study we assessed the capacity of an anti-TS antisense ODN to circumvent resistance dependent on TS overexpression. 2. Variant HeLa clones exhibiting 2 - 20 fold resistance to 5-FUdR were selected by exposing cultured cells to drug. Clones FUdR-5a, -25b, and -50a expressed TS protein levels 10 fold, 10 fold, and 17 fold higher (respectively) than parental cells. Cells were treated with antisense ODN 83 (a 2'-methoxy-ethoxylated, phosphorothioated 20-mer, complementary to a portion of the 3'-untranslated region of TS mRNA), or ODN 32 (a control ODN with the same base composition as ODN 83, but in randomized order). Twenty-four and 48 h following transfection (50-100 nM ODN, plus polycationic liposome), TS mRNA levels (by RT-PCR) and protein levels (by radiolabelled 5-FUdR-monophosphate binding) were decreased by at least 60% in ODN 83-treated cells compared with control ODN 32-treated cells. ODN 83 enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5-FUdR by up to 85% in both parental and 5-FUdR-resistant cell lines. 3. Antisense ODN can be used to down-regulate TS and attenuate drug resistance in TS-overexpressing cells.
Mouse Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase Deficiency Reduces Body Fat via Increasing Energy Expenditure and Impairing Lipid Synthesis and Enhancing Glucose Oxidation in White Adipose Tissue (2012)

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) catalyzes the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine. In our initial report, we observed a reduced body weight in Bhmt(-/-) mice. We initiated this study to investigate the potential role of BHMT in energy metabolism. Compared with the controls (Bhmt(+/+)), Bhmt(-/-) mice had less fat mass, smaller adipocytes, and better glucose and insulin sensitivities. Compared with the controls, Bhmt(-/-) mice had increased energy expenditure, with no changes in food intake, fat uptake or absorption, or in locomotor activity. The reduced adiposity in Bhmt(-/-) mice was not due to hyperthermogenesis. Bhmt(-/-) mice failed to maintain a normal body temperature upon cold exposure because of limited fuel supplies. In vivo and ex vivo tests showed that Bhmt(-/-) mice had normal lipolytic function. The rate of (14)C-labeled fatty acid incorporated into [(14)C]triacylglycerol was the same in Bhmt(+/+) and Bhmt(-/-) gonadal fat depots (GWAT), but it was 62% lower in Bhmt(-/-) inguinal fat depots (IWAT) compared with that of Bhmt(+/+) mice. The rate of (14)C-labeled fatty acid oxidation was the same in both GWAT and IWAT from Bhmt(+/+) and Bhmt(-/-) mice. At basal level, Bhmt(-/-) GWAT had the same [(14)C]glucose oxidation as did the controls. When stimulated with insulin, Bhmt(-/-) GWAT oxidized 2.4-fold more glucose than did the controls. Compared with the controls, the rate of [(14)C]glucose oxidation was 2.4- and 1.8-fold higher, respectively, in Bhmt(-/-) IWAT without or with insulin stimulus. Our results show for the first time a role for BHMT in energy homeostasis.
Learning multi-view embedding in joint space for bidirectional image-text retrieval (2017)

In this paper, we propose a framework for learning a joint embedding space for bidirectional image-text retrieval task, which fuses embedding spaces in multi-views. We have implemented two views currently, one is a frame-sentence view and the other is a region-phrase view. In the frame-sentence view, we project each frame of the images and each sentence of the texts into a holistic-level subspace to explore the correlation between them. In the region-phrase view, we extract each region of the frames and each phrase of the sentences and map them into a local-level subspace. We separately mine the semantic correlations in the two views, then merge them by a multi-view fusion ranking method. In each view, to embed heterogeneous data into a common space, we adopt the two-branch neural network to transform the data. Extensive experiments show that our multi-view joint space can preserve more accurate semantic correlations between images and texts in different granularities and can significantly improve the performance on the image-text retrieval task. Our method achieves better results than the state of the art on the Pascal1K and Flickr8K image-sentence datasets.
Highly Porous Open-Cellular Monoliths from 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Based High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs):  Preparation and Void Size Tuning (2007)

Preparation of highly porous (up to 80% pore volume) open-cellular monolithic cross-linked polymers from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is reported. Oil-in-water and water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions are applied as porosity templates, resulting in an interconnected porous structure with void diameters between 550 nm and 18 μm. Significantly larger voids were obtained in the case of oil-in-water emulsions (between 5 and 18 μm) as opposed to water in oil emulsions (approx 600 nm). Controlled coarsening exploiting limited kinetical stability of emulsions was used to obtain monoliths with larger voids, diameters being enlarged 3-fold.
<title>Fiber optic interferometer for absolute distance measurements with high measuring frequency</title> (2002)

White light interferometry or coherence radar is a well known and established measurement technique for years. But especially the field of production technology and medical technology need measurement systems with continuously increasing performance. This paper demonstrates, how the use of special optical components for higher measurement frequencies and the miniaturizing ofthe sensor tip can enlarge the application fields for this system. First, the fundamental aspects of white light interferometry are presented and lead to the new concept of a distance measurement system. It is shown how the inset of a special stepped mirror in the detection interferometer increases the measurement frequency and how the sensor is miniaturized using a Fabry-Perot interferometer.
High power microwave research at SLAC (1996)

Summary form only given. This presentation will report on the efforts at SLAC to produce high power microwave sources for the Next Linear Collider (NLC). The NLC as outlined by SLAC will require 4000 X-band klystrons operating at >50 MW with a 1.2 /spl mu/s pulsewidth. SLAC has recently developed and tested an X-band klystron up to 75 MW. Design and performance data for this tube will be presented. Since the current X-band klystron uses a 25 kW solenoid to focus the electron beam, the power budget for 4000 of these solenoids would be 100 Mw. This was deemed excessive and both superconducting solenoids and PPM focusing were investigated. SLAC has designed and tested a 460 kV, 188 A, PPM focused, beam tester to evaluate PPM focusing for the X-band klystron. Initial results have produced better than 99.9% transmission for the samarium-cobalt, PPM focused device. Both the beam tester results and the design of a PPM focused klystron will be presented.
Synthesis of Nickel Mono-Silicide Nanowire by Chemical Vapor Deposition on Nickel Film: Role of Surface Nickel Oxides (2009)

10.1143/JJAP.48.04C138
Differential effects of zinc on amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing in copper-resistant variants of cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. (2000)

Previous studies have demonstrated that adding copper to Chinese-hamster ovary (CHO) cells greatly reduced the levels of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide in parental CHO-K1 and in copper resistant CHO-CUR3 cells which have lower intracellular copper levels. In the current study, zinc, the zinc chelator 1,10-phenanthroline or copper chelators bathocuproine and D-penicillamine were added to the culture media of stably transfected CHO cells. The data show that zinc up to concentrations of 50 microM or the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline specifically increased the level of secreted APP in CHO-K1 cells. By contrast, the level of secreted APP in CHO-CUR3 cells remained unaffected. APP holoprotein increased dramatically in CHO-CUR3 cells compared with CHO-K1 cells. The large decrease of Abeta release seen in both cell lines at elevated extracellular zinc levels was due to specific inhibition of secretion. These results indicate that a disturbed zinc-homeostasis may be an important factor influencing APP production, transport and processing.
Pulsed electron avalanche knife (PEAK) for intraocular surgery. (2001)

This instrument, called the Pulsed Electron Avalanche Knife (PEAK), can quickly and precisely cut intraocular tissues without traction. The small delivery probe and modest cost make it promising for many ophthalmic applications, including retinal, cataract, and glaucoma surgery. In addition, the instrument may be useful in nonophthalmic procedures such as intravascular surgery and neurosurgery.
Critical Effects of Polyethylene Addition on the Autoclave Foaming Behavior of Polypropylene and the Melting Behavior of Polypropylene Foams Blown withn-Pentane and CO2 (2013)

Polypropylene (PP) bead foams were prepared by autoclave foaming using n-pentane and CO2 as the blowing agents. PP foams blown with n-pentane had foaming temperatures of 92–96 °C, expansion ratios of 10–50 times, and a signal Tm at 150.1 °C, while PP foams blown with CO2 had foaming temperatures of 151–153 °C, expansion ratios of 8–20 times, and dual melting peaks at 164.0 and 140.9 °C. Polyethylene (PE) addition was used to improve the foaming behavior of PP and to induce the formation of dual and multiple Tm in PP/PE foams. A differential scanning calorimetry procedure was carried out to simulate the steam-chest molding of bead foams. Interbead bonding was found to be determined by the heat of fusion of Tmc (crystal melting of the newly formed crystals during fast cooling), ΔHmc. Recrystallization of the PE component contributed to the increase of ΔHmc, which potentially improved interbead bonding of the molded PP/PE bead foams.
Lateral ridge augmentation using different bone fillers and barrier membrane application (2001)

Lateral ridge augmentation has become a standard treatment option to enhance the bone volume of deficient recipient sites prior to implant placement. In order to avoid harvesting an autograft and thereby eliminating additional surgical procedures and risks, bone grafting materials and substitutes are alternative filler materials to be used for ridge augmentation. Before clinical recommendations can be made, such materials must be extensively studied in experimental models simulating relevant clinical situations. The present pilot study was conducted in three dogs. Different grafting procedures were evaluated for augmentation of lateral, extended (8 x 10 x 14 mm) and chronic bone defects in the mandibular alveolar ridge. Experimental sites received tricalcium phosphate (TCP) granules or demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) particles. Barrier membranes (ePTFE) were placed for graft protection. These approaches were compared to ridge augmentation using autogenous cortico-cancellous block grafts, either with or without ePTFE-membrane application. After a healing period of six months, the sites were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. Autografted sites with membrane protection showed excellent healing results with a well-preserved ridge profile, whereas non-protected block grafts underwent bucco-crestal resorption, clearly limiting the treatment outcome. The tested alloplastic (TCP) and allogenic (DFDBA) filler materials presented inconsistent findings with sometimes encapsulation of particles in connective tissue, thereby reducing the crestal bone width. The present pilot study supports the use of autografts with barrier membranes for lateral ridge augmentation of extended alveolar bone defects.
Large electromechanical coupling factor film bulk acoustic resonator with X-cut LiNbO3 layer transfer (2009)

As layer transfer techniques have been notably improved in the past years, lithium niobate (LiNbO3) appears as a candidate for the next generation of ultrawide band radio frequency (rf) filters. Depending on the crystalline orientation, LiNbO3 can achieve electromechanical coupling factors Kt2 more than six times larger than those of sputtered aluminum nitride films. In this letter, a process based on direct bonding, grinding, polishing, and deep reactive ion etching is proposed to fabricate a single crystal LiNbO3 film bulk acoustic resonator. From the fabricated test vehicles, Kt2 of 43% is measured confirming the values predicted by theoretical computations.
Recognition of early melanoma: a monocentric dermoscopy follow‐up study comparing de novo melanoma with nevus‐associated melanoma (2018)

Significant differences, distinguishing NAMs from DNMs, were detected particularly when considering both baseline signs and follow-up changes. Earlier identification of NAMs and their subsequent improved histological characterization will help define the subgroup of high-risk patients, for whom comprehensive image monitoring may be beneficial.
Effects of Surface Nanotopography and Calcium Chemistry of Titanium Bone Implants on Early Blood Platelet and Macrophage Cell Function (2018)

Early responses of blood platelets and immunoinflammatory cells (macrophages) to titanium (Ti) bone implants affect the subsequent biological healing of implants by modulating early tissue healing-microenvironments via the formation of temporary fibrin matrix scaffolds for stem cell migration and production of growth factors and cytokines. This study investigated the effects of nanoscale surface topography and calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) modification of Ti surfaces on biocompatibility regulated by blood platelets and macrophages, for the future surface design of Ti bone implants with enhanced early osteogenic capacity. A nanostructured Ti surface with or without Ca<sup>2+</sup> enrichment was prepared using the hydrothermal treatment. Immediate and early functions of platelets and macrophages modulated by modified Ti surfaces were investigated by morphological observation of platelet spreading and fibrin matrix formation, platelet growth factor release, immunostaining of macrophage phenotypes, and macrophage inflammatory cytokine production. The results showed that surface nanoscale topographical modification of Ti promotes blood platelet activation and suppresses the inflammatory response of macrophages. In addition, surface chemistry modifications with Ca<sup>2+</sup> enhanced the platelet response-modulating function of the nanostructured Ti surface, which accelerated immediate fibrin matrix formation and platelet-derived growth factor-AB release. Thus, nanotopographical and Ca<sup>2+</sup> modifications of implant surfaces are expected to be effective approaches that favor the initial phase of wound healing around the Ti bone implants through positive modulation of immediate blood platelet function and early macrophage immunoinflammatory response.
Modeling of the stress state of the thumb carpometacarpal joint (2013)

The stress state of the carpometacarpal joint (CMJ)was studied in sound and pathologic states by methods of continuum mechanics. The CMJ geometric model was constructed according to the results of computer processing of the data of tomographic investigations in the extension position, which were obtained at Cheng Kung Medical University (Taiwan). The study of contact interactions in the CML region for a given geometry were performed numerically in the ABAQUS program code. The obtained numerical solutions of contact problems permit comparatively analyzing the stress distribution in the bone tissue for various thumb positions and study the stress state dependence on the bone tissue porosity (osteoporosis), which varies with human age.
Analysis of β‐ N ‐Methylamino‐ l ‐Alanine by UHPLC ‐ MS/MS (2016)

The potential for cyanobacteria to produce N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) has led to a wide variety of methods for its detection. After derivatisation to make the molecule larger, triple quadrupole mass spectrometry allows the specific detection of BMAA and its isomers l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid and N-2(aminoethyl)glycine. This SOP provides a means to detect BMAA accurately and specifically using mass spectrometry.
Die Standardfamilie ISO/IEC 27000 im Überblick (2017)

No AccessPraxisbuch ISO/IEC 27001Apr 2017Die Standardfamilie ISO/IEC 27000 im ÜberblickMichael Brenner, Nils gentschen Felde, Wolfgang Hommel, Stefan Metzger, Helmut Reiser, Thomas SchaafMichael Brenner, Nils gentschen Felde, Wolfgang Hommel, Stefan Metzger, Helmut Reiser, Thomas Schaafhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446452602.002SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2017Pages: 9-16Print ISBN: 978-3-446-45139-1eISBN: 978-3-446-45260-2 Copyright & Permissions© 2017 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Determination of thermodynamic data for modeling corrosion. Volume 3: CO{sub 2}-NaOH-H{sub 2}O system (1992)

Heats of mixing of gaseous CO{sub 2} with liquid H{sub 2}O, of aqueous NaOH solutions with liquid H{sub 2}O, and of gaseous CO{sub 2} with aqueous NaOH solutions were measured from 225 to 325 {degrees}C by flow calorimetry. Log K, {Delta}H, {Delta}S, and {Delta}Cp values were determined at these temperatures for the phase equilibrium, CO{sub 2}(g) = CO{sub 2}(aq), and the chemical interactions, H{sup +} + CO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}} = HCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} = CO{sub 2}(aq) + H{sub 2}O, H{sup +} + OH{sup {minus}} = H{sub 2}O, Na{sup +} + OH{sup {minus}} = NaOH(aq), and Na{sup +} + CO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}} = NaCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}}, from the fits of the calculated and measured heats. Equations for these thermodynamic quantities valid at infinite dilution (I = 0) and 12.4 MPa are given as a function of temperature from 225 to 325 {degrees}C. These thermodynamic values are compared with literature results for the first four sections. The values obtained in this study for the last two reactions are the only experimental data available at elevated temperatures. The isocoulombic reaction principle is tested using the log K values determined in this study. This principle is found to be valid for the reactions wheremore » each charge on one side of the equation is balanced on the other side by a charge of the same sign and magnitude, but not for the reaction where two single negative charges (HCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} and OH{sup {minus}}) are balanced by one double negative charge (CO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}}).« less
A Tree-based Model of Unicast Stream Authentication. (2006)

When proving the security of a message authentication scheme, the messages are considered to be atomic objects. Straightforward application of such schemes to some information resources may introduce security flaws. Gennaro and Rohatgi (Crypto ’97) identified the streams of data as an important class of information resources that can not be considered to be message-like, and they proposed a solution to the problem of stream signing when the stream is not known in advance. The disadvantage of digital signing streams of data is that it is not efficient when nonrepudiation is not important, as in the case of point-to-point communications. We present several schemes and also a family of schemes for stream authentication in a unicast setting. Since many authentication schemes have been broken, we will prove our solutions.
Fertilization and Cleavage Axes Differ In Primates Conceived By Conventional (IVF) Versus Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) (2019)

With nearly ten million babies conceived globally, using assisted reproductive technologies, fundamental questions remain; e.g., How do the sperm and egg DNA unite? Does ICSI have consequences that IVF does not? Here, pronuclear and mitotic events in nonhuman primate zygotes leading to the establishment of polarity are investigated by multidimensional time-lapse video microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Multiplane videos after ICSI show atypical sperm head displacement beneath the oocyte cortex and eccentric para-tangential pronuclear alignment compared to IVF zygotes. Neither fertilization procedure generates incorporation cones. At first interphase, apposed pronuclei align obliquely to the animal-vegetal axis after ICSI, with asymmetric furrows assembling from the male pronucleus. Furrows form within 30° of the animal pole, but typically, not through the ICSI injection site. Membrane flow drives polar bodies and the ICSI site into the furrow. Mitotic spindle imaging suggests para-tangential pronuclear orientation, which initiates random spindle axes and minimal spindle:cortex interactions. Parthenogenetic pronuclei drift centripetally and assemble astral spindles lacking cortical interactions, leading to random furrows through the animal pole. Conversely, androgenotes display cortex-only pronuclear interactions mimicking ICSI. First cleavage axis determination in primates involves dynamic cortex-microtubule interactions among male pronuclei, centrosomal microtubules, and the animal pole, but not the ICSI site.
Menstruum Induces Changes in Mesothelial Cell Morphology (2000)

In previous studies, we have shown that menstrual endometrium preferentially adheres to the subepithelial lining of the peritoneum. It remains to be elucidated, however, whether this damage is preexisting or inflicted by the menstrual tissue itself. We hypothesized that the menstrual tissue itself damages the peritoneum. To investigate this, the viability of menstrual endometrial tissue in peritoneal fluid (PF) was evaluated and the morphologic changes in the mesothelial cells were studied by in vitro cocultures of menstruum with mesothelial cell monolayers. Menstruum was collected with a menstrual cup. Endometrial tissue was isolated from the menstruum, resuspended in culture medium or in the cell-free fraction of PF and cultured for 24, 48 or 72 h. A 3(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to obtain a relative measure of viable adhered endometrial cells. Mesothelial cells isolated from human omental tissue were cultured on Matrigel or uncoated plastic. At confluence, overnight cocultures were performed and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the morphologic changes. The viability of endometrial fragments was 84% (n = 36, p < 0.05), 82% (n = 27, not significant) and 104% (n = 14, not significant) when cultured in the cell-free fraction of PF for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, when compared to medium with 10% fetal calf serum. Menstrual endometrial fragments or menstrual serum added to and cocultured with mesothelial cells induced severe morphologic alterations of the latter, including retraction, shrinking and gap formation. Similar morphologic changes were observed when mesothelial cells were cocultured with menstrual endometrial fragments in PF or in culture inserts. Incubation with conditioned medium from cultured menstrual endometrium induced similar but less pronounced changes in morphology. In conclusion, menstrual endometrial fragments remain viable in PF in vitro for at least 72 h. Antegradely shed menstruum induces changes in mesothelial cell morphology, including retraction and shrinking with exposure of the underlying surface. These findings suggest that menstruum is harmful to the peritoneal lining. Therefore, by local destruction of the mesothelial layer, menstrual endometrium is able to create sites for adhesion.