gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“Using STF-PQ algorithm and hysteresis current control in hybrid active power filter to eliminate source current harmonic” (2010)

According to importance of power quality in power network, improvement of compensator equipment and ways of efficiency increasing can reduces destroyer effect on network. Active power filters as more importance and finance in network and industrial has depended detector algorithm and switching technique. This paper presents a novel algorithm (STF-PQ). This algorithm base on harmonic extract is divided into two parts as feedback loop and feedforward loop. Then, the hysteresis current control has been used to produce the switching pattern. A comparison between PWM and hysteresis current control has been performed that shows the efficiency and simplicity of hysteresis current control. Simulation of this filter has been done in Matlab/Simulink to prove the good performance of STF-PQ and hysteresis current control in hybrid filters.
Mental health problems among homeless adolescents (1998)

This paper reviews 18 surveys of mental health problems among homeless adolescents and reports on a pilot study of the same topic conducted in Amsterdam. Sampling methods and measures of mental health are discussed. The reported estimates of mental health problems vary greatly, very probably because of methodological differences. Despite the different methods used, there seems to be considerable research evidence to support a high prevalence of mental disorders among homeless adolescents. The results of the pilot study of 50 homeless adolescents in Amsterdam are consistent with the surveys reviewed. A highly structured interview was conducted at all four services sites for homeless adolescents in Amsterdam. Of the homeless adolescents interviewed, 78% had at least one lifetime DIS/DSM-III-R diagnosis, and 64% had at least one 1-month diagnosis.
Vasopressin release in response to nausea-producing agents and cholecystokinin in monkeys (1987)

Administration of lithium chloride and copper sulfate to adult monkeys caused marked elevations in plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels without significant increases in plasma oxytocin (OT) levels. Emesis was produced in five of the seven animals given these agents, in support of nausea as the main stimulus to AVP release. A similar pattern of AVP release without OT release was found after administration of cholecystokinin (CCK). Although most monkeys vomited in response to 10 micrograms/kg of CCK, a significant increase in plasma AVP levels also was produced with a dose of 1 microgram/kg, which did not produce emesis in any animal. These findings are in marked contrast with previous results in rats, which indicated that lithium chloride, copper sulfate, and CCK each stimulated OT rather than AVP release. Despite this interspecies difference, the significant neurohypophysial hormone secretion in response to both nausea-producing agents and CCK suggests that AVP secretion in monkeys, similar to OT secretion in rats, might reflect activation of central pathways mediating nausea and/or inhibition of food intake, even when overt illness is not produced.
Plastic and maxillofacial surgery (2000)

aDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Correspondence address: Nicholas B Vedder, MD, FACS, Department of Surgery #359796, Harborview Medical Center, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 Submitted and accepted November 3, 1999.
Industry Review of Distributed Production in Discrete Manufacturing (2020)

Distributed production paradigms have grown in discrete manufacturing as discrete products are increasingly made by global, distributed networks. Challenges faced by discrete manufacturing, such as increased globalization, market volatility, workforce shortages, and mass personalization have necessitated scalable solutions that improve the agility of production systems. These challenges have driven the need for better collaboration and coordination in production via improved integration of production systems across the product lifecycle. This paper describes key industry use cases to motivate the research and development needed for distributed production in discrete manufacturing. The technological challenges that have hindered distributed production in discrete manufacturing are presented as is a state-of-the-art review of the standards and technologies that have been developed to overcome these challenges. Based on this review, future research directions are described to address the needs of industry and achieve the goals of distributed production in discrete manufacturing.
Magnetoelasticity of Fe–Si single crystals (2010)

The tetragonal magnetostriction constant, (3/2)λ100, of Fe–Si single crystals was measured and was found to be structure dependent. Similar to that of Fe–Ge single crystals, (3/2)λ100 is positive in the single phase A2 regime, becomes negative in the single phase D03 regime, and changes from positive to negative between the two regimes. Short-range order in the A2 regime decreases the magnetostriction prior to the onset of long range order. In the single phase regions of both A2 and D03, thermal history does not show any obvious effect on the magnetostriction, contrary to that found for Fe–Ga alloys. However, in the regions of phase mixture involving A2, B2, and D03 phases, quenching pushes the change in magnetostriction from positive to negative to higher Si contents.
Annotation of Children's Oral Narrations: Modeling Emergent Narrative Skills for Computational Applications (2007)

We present an annotation method for developing a model of children’s comprehension that differentiates between their recall for the objective content of a story and inferred content. We apply the annotation method to a corpus of retellings, in which children retell the same story on three successive days. Our results indicate differences over time: on Day three, children have a more evenly distributed recall of events through- out the story, and include significantly more inferences. The results suggest a cognitive bootstrapping effect. We discuss the potential for application to diagnostic assessment of children’s narrative skills and tutorial applications.
Ultra-thin broadband OMT with turnstile junction (2003)

This paper presents an ultra-thin broadband waveguide orthomode transducer (OMT) for low profile reflector antenna feed systems. The presented OMT is composed of a turnstile junction with a metallic pyramid, a circular-to-square waveguide step, and thin combiners/dividers. A broadband design of the OMT is performed by applying a circular-to-square waveguide step to obtain good match. An ultra-thin Ku-band OMT fabricated with the aid of the design techniques has realized wideband excellent performance with very low height, that is, VSWR less than 1.18 over 30% bandwidth and reducing the height to 20.2 mm.
Table of contents recognition and extraction for heterogeneous book documents (2013)

Existing work on book table of contents (TOC) recognition has been almost all on small size, application-dependent, and domain-specific datasets. However, TOC of books from different domains differ significantly in their visual layout and style, making TOC recognition a challenging problem for a large scale collection of heterogeneous books. We observed that TOCs can be placed into three basic styles, namely ``flat'', ``ordered'', and ``divided'', giving insights into how to achieve effective TOC parsing. As such, we propose a new TOC recognition approach which adaptively decides the most appropriate TOC parsing rules based on the classification of these three TOC styles. Evaluation on large number, over 25,000, of book documents from various domains demonstrates its effectiveness and efficiency.
Enhanced TiO2 Photocatalytic Processing of Organic Wastes for Green Space Exploration (2013)

The effect of transition metal co-catalysts on the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 was investigated. Ruthenium (Ru), palladium, platinum, copper, silver, and gold, were loaded onto TiO2 powders (anatase and mixed-phase P25) and screened for the decomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) under broad-band irradiation. The morphology and estimated chemical composition of photocatalysts were determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. Brunhauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis measured mass-specific surface area(s). X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to confirm the identity of titania phase(s) present. The BET surface area of anatase TiO2/Ru 1% (9.2 sq m/gm) was one of the highest measured of all photocatalysts prepared in our laboratory. Photolyses conducted under air-saturated and nitrogen-saturated conditions revealed photodegradation efficiencies of 85 and 2 percent, respectively, after 60 min compared to 58 percent with no catalyst. The cause of low photocatalytic activity under an inert atmosphere is discussed. TiO2/Ru 1% showed a superior photocatalytic activity relative to P25-TiO2 under broad-band irradiation. A potential deployment of photocatalytic technologies on a mission could be a reactor with modest enhancement in solar intensity brought about by a trough-style reactor, with reactants and catalyst flowing along the axis of the trough and therefore being illuminated for a controlled duration based on the flow rate.
Nafamostat and sepimostat identified as novel neuroprotective agents via NR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism using a rat retinal excitotoxicity model (2019)

In addition to its role in the treatment of pancreatitis, the serine protease inhibitor nafamostat exhibits a retinal protective effect. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this effect are unknown. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of nafamostat and its orally active derivative sepimostat against excitotoxicity were further characterised in vitro and in vivo. In primary rat cortical neurons, nafamostat completely suppressed N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cell death. Intravitreal injection of nafamostat and sepimostat protected the rat retina against NMDA-induced degeneration, whereas the structurally related compounds, gabexate and camostat, did not. The neuroprotective effects of nafamostat and the NR2B antagonist ifenprodil were remarkably suppressed by spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine that modulates the NR2B subunit. Both nafamostat and sepimostat inhibited [<sup>3</sup>H]ifenprodil binding to fractionated rat brain membranes. Thus, nafamostat and sepimostat may exert neuroprotective effects against excitotoxic retinal degeneration through NMDA receptor antagonism at the ifenprodil-binding site of the NR2B subunit.
Annealing process and structural considerations in controlling extrusion-type defects Cu TSV (2012)

Stresses induced by the large volume of Cu in Through Silicon Vias (TSV) can result in global/local Cu extrusion which may affect reliability in 3D chip stacking technologies beyond the 28 nm node for high performance mobile devices. In this work, TSV structural factors that can influence extrusion post via filling are studied. In addition, the impact of the electroplating chemistry and annealing schemes on local extrusion type defect formation in TSVs are also studied.
Association of Variability in Body Mass Index and Metabolic Health With Cardiometabolic Disease Risk (2019)

Background Metabolic syndrome is associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease, although risk may differ according to the specific conditions present and variability in those conditions. Methods and Results We defined obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and metabolic health (<2 nonobesity National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III conditions) among 3632 Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort participants (mean age, 50.8 years; 53.8% women) who were followed up from 1987 to 2014. We defined participants whose variance independent of the mean for a metabolic syndrome-associated measure was in the top quintile as being "variable" for that measure. Variable metabolic health was defined as ≥2 variable nonobesity metabolic syndrome components. We investigated the interaction between obesity and metabolic health in their associations with cardiometabolic disease and cardiovascular disease using Cox proportional hazards regression. In addition, we estimated the associations of BMI variability and variable metabolic health with study outcomes within categories of obesity and metabolic health status, respectively. We observed 567 incident obesity (41 439 person-years), 771 incident metabolically unhealthy state (25 765 person-years), 272 incident diabetes mellitus (56 233 person-years), 503 incident hypertension (12 957 person-years), 589 cardiovascular disease (60 300 person-years), and 195 chronic kidney disease (47 370 person-years) events on follow-up. Obesity and being metabolically unhealthy were independently and positively associated with all outcomes. BMI variability, compared with stable BMI, was associated with 163%, 67%, 58%, and 74% higher risks of having obesity, becoming metabolically unhealthy, having diabetes mellitus, and having hypertension, respectively, among nonobese participants. Variable metabolic health, compared with stable metabolic health, was associated with a 28% higher risk of cardiovascular disease, among metabolically healthy participants. Conclusions We did not observe evidence for a positive interaction between obesity and metabolic health status with regard to study outcomes. BMI and metabolic health variability are associated with adverse health outcomes.
The Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids and the Mechanisms Regulating It in Plants (2011)

Plants synthesize isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) via the mevalonate pathway and the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. IPP is condensed to its allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate, to yield geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor for the production of cyclic diterpenoids. Studies of subcellular localization and of transgenic plants defective in the enzymes involved in the pathway have revealed that the synthesis processes of plastidic diterpenoids are metabolically separated in the plastids. Ditepenoid phytoalexins are synthesized through the plastidic MEP pathway in rice. The biosynthetic genes responsible for diterpenoid phytoalexins are clustered on the rice chromosomes, and the expression of them was coordinately regulated under stress conditions. Furthermore, a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, OsTGAP1, which is induced by the fungal chitin oligosaccharide elicitor, was identified as a key regulator of coordinated expression of the clustered biosynthetic genes for phytoalexin production in rice.
Innenrücktitelbild: Das Tris(pentafluorethyl)silanid‐Anion (Angew. Chem. 52/2016) (2016)

Während Tris(trifluormethyl)silane bei Raumtemperatur zur explosionsartigen Zersetzung neigen, erweisen sich entsprechende Pentafluorethyl-Derivate als thermisch äußerst robust. Durch den präparativen Zugang zu Li[Si(C2F5)3] ist es nun möglich, die elektronenziehende Si(C2F5)3-Einheit nukleophil auf Hauptgruppen- und Übergangsmetall-Verbindungen sowie auch auf organische Gerüste zu übertragen, wie B. Hoge et al. in zwei Zuschriften auf S. 16390 ff. und S. 16395 ff. zeigen.
Role of Cysteines in Stabilizing the Randomized Receptor Binding Domains within Feline Leukemia Virus Envelope Proteins (2015)

Retargeted gammaretroviral particles have broad applications for therapeutic use. Although great advances have been achieved in identifying new Env-host cell receptor pairs, the rules for designing optimal Env libraries are still unclear. We have found that isolates with an additional pair of cysteines within the randomized region have the highest transduction efficiencies. This emphasizes the importance of considering cysteine pairs in the design of new libraries. Furthermore, our data clearly indicate that these cysteines are essential for viral infectivity by presenting essential residues to the host cell receptor. These studies facilitate the screening of Env libraries for functional entry into target cells, allowing the identification of novel gammaretroviral Envs targeting alternative host cell receptors for gene and protein delivery.
The Role of Soluble Proteins in Generating Aqueous Outflow Resistance in the Bovine and Human Eye (1997)

Previous research has shown that wash-out in bovine and primate eyes can be greatly reduced by perfusing with buffer containing 5-15% serum. It was suggested that protein diffusion from the iris root might raise the in vivo protein concentration in the trabecular meshwork to a level much higher than in the anterior chamber. In this study, we investigated the protein concentration in effluent from the outflow pathways in bovine and human eyes, its possible relationship to wash-out, and whether the reduction of wash-out was caused by a bulk protein effect. Bovine and human eyes were placed under silicone oil and perfused with buffer. Outflow facility was continuously determined while effluent was periodically collected from the surface of the eye, and the soluble protein concentration in the effluent was determined. Separate studies were conducted perfusing either albumin or gamma-globulin through bovine eyes. Theoretical models were developed to study the transport of protein into the perfusion fluid. In the bovine eyes, the initial protein concentration in the collected effluent was approximately 1% that of serum, much lower than the 10-15% buffer in serum required to prevent wash-out. Furthermore, the rate of change of outflow facility showed a different dependence on perfused volume than did the protein concentration. Human eyes showed a much higher level of protein in the perfusate, that decayed over a much longer time period. A statistically significant correlation existed between outflow resistance and soluble protein concentration in both bovine and human eyes. However, modelling studies suggested that this correlation might be due to flow resistance setting the flowrate which then determines the protein concentration of the effluent. Separate experiments indicated that the decreased rate of wash-out caused by perfusion of 10-15% serum in buffer was not due to either albumin or gamma-globulin alone. These results suggest that the reduction of wash-out observed in previous studies when serum proteins were perfused through bovine and monkey eyes was not due to the general level of serum proteins but may instead be due to interactions of a particular protein(s).
Strategies Which Permit Multiple Discrete Section Properties per Member in 3D Frameworks (1991)

Strategies for discrete structural optimization of 3D steel frames with coupled section properties are presented. These strategies include linearized branch and bound, simulated annealing, and a new 'smart' simulated annealing strategy. The smart simulated annealing strategy uses a sieve that blocks potentially bad designs from passing through to the simulated annealing process. The results are presented on a realistic test problem and compared.
Helping Students Help ThemselvesReview of three resources: How to Get the Most Out of Studying: A Video Series; ChewS. L.; ( 2011). http://www.samford.edu/how-to-study/default.aspx?id=45097158404 (accessed August 10, 2012). Study Smarter, Not Harder: Use the Genius in You, 3rd ed.; PaulKevin; ( 2009). Self-Counsel Press, North Vancouver, BC. 224 pages How to Study Science, 4th ed.; DrewesFrederick W.MilliganKristin L. D.; ( 2002). McGraw Hill, New York, NY. 128 pages. (2012)

Review of: Three tools that aim to teach students more effective study habits: How to Get the Most Out of Studying: A Video Series by S.L. Chew, Study Smarter, Not Harder: Use the Genius in You, 3rd Edition by Kevin Paul, and How to Study Science 4th Edition by Frederick W. Drewes and Kristin L.D. Milligan.
Enhancement of concentration of XeV and GeV centers in nanocrystalline diamond through He+ irradiation (2021)

Atomic defect centers in diamond have been widely exploited in numerous quantum applications like quantum information, sensing, quantum photonics and so on. In this context, there is always a requirement to improve and optimize the preparation procedure to generate the defect centers in controlled fashion, and to explore new defect centers which can have the potential to overcome the current technological challenges. Through this letter we report enhancing the concentration of Ge and Xe vacancy centers in nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) by means of He+ irradiation. We have demonstrated controlled growth of NCD by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and implantation of Ge and Xe ions into the CVD-grown samples. NCDs were irradiated with He+ ions and characterized through optical spectroscopy measurements. Recorded photoluminescence results revealed a clear signature of enhancement of the Xe-related and Ge vacancies in NCDs.
Prolonged Exposure to Free Fatty Acids Has Cytostatic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on Human Pancreatic Islets (2002)

In an effort to better understand the phenomenon of lipotoxicity in human beta-cells, we evaluated the effects of 48-h preculture with 1.0 or 2.0 mmol/l free fatty acid (FFA) (2:1 oleate to palmitate) on the function and survival of isolated human islets and investigated some of the possible mechanisms. Compared with control islets, triglyceride content was significantly increased and insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin release were significantly reduced in islets precultured with increased FFA concentrations. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction of glucose utilization and oxidation. By cell death detection techniques, it was observed that exposure to FFAs induced a significant increase of the amount of dead cells. Electron microscopy showed the involvement of beta-cells, with morphological appearance compatible with the presence of apoptotic phenomena. FFA-induced islet cell death was blocked by inhibition of upstream caspases and partially prevented by inhibiton of ceramide synthesis or serine protease activity, whereas inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis had no effect. RT-PCR studies revealed no major change of iNOS and Bax mRNA expression and a marked decrease of Bcl-2 mRNA expression in the islets cultured with FFA. Thus, prolonged exposure to FFAs has cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects on human pancreatic beta-cells. The cytostatic action is likely to be due to the FFA-induced reduction of intraislet glucose metabolism, and the proapoptotic effects are mostly caspase mediated, partially dependent on ceramide pathway, and possibly Bcl-2 regulated.
Cross-Layer Multi-Packet Reception Based Medium Access Control and Resource Allocation for Space-Time Coded MIMO/OFDM (2008)

In this paper, a cross-layer design framework for multi-input multi-output (MIMO)/orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless local area networks (WLANs) is proposed. In contrast to conventional systems where the medium access control (MAC) and physical (PHY) layers are separately optimized, our proposed methodology jointly designs a multi-packet reception (MPR) based protocol with adaptive resource allocation. Specifically, a realistic collision model is employed by taking into consideration the PHY layer parameters such as channel information, space-time coded beamforming and multiuser detection, as well as sub-carrier, bit, and power allocation. The allocation problem is formulated, so as to maximize the system throughput, subject to the constraints from both the MAC and PHY layers. These constraints depend on the results of access contention, data packetsiquest length, usersiquest spatial correlation and the quality of channel feedback information. An iterative algorithm is then provided to obtain the optimal solution. Simulation results will show that our proposed approach achieves significant improvement in system performance such as average throughput and packet delay, compared with conventional schemes where cross-layer design and optimization is not used.