gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel method based solely on field programmable gate array (FPGA) units enabling measurement of time and charge of analog signals in positron emission tomography (PET) (2014)

Abstract This article presents an application of a novel technique for precise measurements of time and charge based solely on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device for positron emission tomography (PET). The described approach simplifies electronic circuits, reduces the power consumption, lowers costs, merges front-end electronics with digital electronics, and also makes more compact final design. Furthermore, it allows to measure time when analog signals cross a reference voltage at different threshold levels with a very high precision of ~15 ps (rms) and thus enables sampling of signals in a voltage domain.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Route to trans‐1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b‐Octahydrobenzo[f]quinolines. (1986)

Abstract Die Hexahydrobenzo‐chinolone (I) lassen sich durch Triethylsilan/Trifluoressigsäure stereospezifisch zu den trans‐Lactamen (II) reduzieren, die mit Natriumborhydrid/ Essigsäure oder dem Aluminiumhydrid (III) weiter zu Octahydrobenzo‐chinolinen (IW reduziert werden.
Universality of Sigmoidal Networks (1999)

Up to this point we considered only the saturated linear activation function. In this chapter, we investigate the computational power of networks with sigmoid activation functions, such as those widely considered in the neural network literature, e.g., $$ \varrho (x) = \frac{1} {{1 + e^{ - x} }} $$ or (7.1) $$ \varrho (x) = \frac{2} {{1 + e^{ - x} }} - 1. $$ . In Chapter 10 we will see that a large class of activation functions, which also includes the sigmoid, yields networks whose computational power is bounded from above by P/poly. In this chapter we obtain a lower bound on the computational power of sigmoidal networks. We prove that there exists a universal architecture of sigmoidal neurons that can be used to compute any recursive function, with exponential slowdown. Our proof techniques can be applied to a much more general class of “sigmoidal-like” activation functions, suggesting that Turing universality is a common property of recurrent neural network models. In conclusion, the computational capabilities of sigmoidal networks are located in between Turing machines and advice Turing machines.
Combined low vitamin D and K status amplifies mortality risk: a prospective study (2020)

Combined low vitamin D and K status are associated with increased all-cause mortality risk and possibly with cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular events compared with adequate vitamin D and K status. Future studies should investigate the effect of combined vitamin D and K supplementation on clinical outcomes.
DEM-Simulation der Trennkurven in Siebung und Gegenstromsichtung bei geringen Gutbeladungen (2017)

Zur Abtrennung von Partikeln mit unterschiedlicher Größe sind in der Feststoffverfahrenstechnik trockene Klassierprozesse zur Herstellung von engen Fraktionen von großer Bedeutung. Um das Trennverhalten von Strömungs- und Siebklassierprozessen genauer vorhersagen zu können, wurden experimentelle Resultate mit DEM-Simulationen verglichen. Bei der Siebklassierung wurde der Einfluss der Partikelform auf den Trennprozess betrachtet, während das Partikelverhalten (Partikel-Partikel- und Partikel-Wand-Stöße) zwischen den Schaufeln eines Abweiseradsichters zum ersten Mal mit einer DEM-Simulation modelliert wurde. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass die Kombination aus DEM und Experiment die Möglichkeit eröffnet Modellvorhersagen durch Ermittlung prozessspezifischer Parameter zu verbessern und Klassiermodelle abzuleiten, welche in dynamischen Feststofffließschemasimulationen Verwendung finden.
Regularization of ill-posed linear equations by the non- stationary augmented Lagrangian method (2010)

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Reprocessing of Reusable Medical Devices (1995)

Advances in medical science and, in particular, minimally invasive surgical and diagnostic procedures have stimulated the development of new and improved medical devices. This has been made possible because of developments in engineering and material sciences. The design of devices for reusability is particularly important in an effort to provide cost effective healthcare. Concerns and issues include the ability to safely and effectively reprocess the devices, infection prevention and control, safety of the patient and healthcare worker, environmental concerns, and effective use of resources. From an infection prevention point of view, present requirements are based upon the intended use of the devices. Critical devices require sterilization. Semi-critical devices require, as a minimum, high level disinfection. Sterilization is, however, preferred whenever possible. Before sterilization or disinfection, devices should be cleaned adequately. Device designs should be readily amenable to cleaning and sterilization. In the past, design requirements focused primarily on the clinical user and device functionality, with reuse considerations left to the user. In the current market, the customer is redefined and, for reusable medical devices, includes all those associated with the device through the reprocessing procedure. In addition, regulations require that manufacturers give detailed instructions for reprocessing medical devices. The device users have the obligation to follow reprocessing instructions. Many choices exist today in device designs, including disposable or reusable devices. The user needs to balance cost versus convenience and reprocessing requirements for reusables. Current trends are to reuse more devices, including many of which were meant to be disposable. Cost effective designs can best be achieved when the user and manufacturer work together on the design. Concerns for infection prevention and control are highlighted by the continual spread of hepatitis B, HIV, and resistant strains of tuberculosis and bacterial species. This places particular emphasis on the selection of sterilization/disinfection processes for reusable medical devices and emphasizes the need for sterilization. It is clear that to achieve the best quality of healthcare in a cost conscious environment, reusable medical device designs are practical. To achieve the best desired results, a partnership of the manufacturer and user is required.ASAIO Journal1995;41:146-151.
HDL Therapy: the Next Big Step in the Treatment of atherosclerosis? (2005)

Despite significant reductions in mortality with statins and increasingly lower targets of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, two thirds of cardiovascular events cannot be prevented with current treatments. Therefore, a clear need for additional therapeutic interventions to complement the results of low-density lipoprotien lowering, exists. One prime target for new interventions is high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and/or its apolipoproteins. While lifestyle interventions and well-established drugs, such as fibrates and nicotinic acid, modestly increase HDL, the most promising current approaches are direct infusion of HDL-like particles (e.g., apolipoprotein AI Milano-phospholipid complexes) and inhibition of one of the key enzymes in HDL metabolism, cholesterol ester transfer protein. These methods have been shown to have dramatic effects on the incidence of atherosclerosis and/or HDL cholesterol. This review will focus on treatments that raise HDL cholesterol or enhance reverse cholesterol transport. Old and new drugs will be discussed as well as combination therapy and novel approaches such as plasma delipidation and recombinant apolipoprotein AI.
Hydrogen Effects on Synthesis Processes and Electrical Resistivities of LiBC (2005)

In this paper, we report on the effects of using LiH as a starting material or and hydrogen atmosphere on the synthesis processes and electrical resistivities of LiBC compound. We observed that, in argon atmosphere, the use of LiH was effective in synthesizing the LiBC-samples of high phase purity. In this case, the obtained LiBC phase is non-stoichiometric, Li-deficient. On the other side, samples prepared from LiH as starting material, under different hydrogen partial pressures (PH2=0.01, 0.10 and 1.00 MPa), have shown a different behavior. Namely, sample prepared under PH2=1.00 MPa has significantly lower concentration of impurity phases and the c-axis lattice parameter of LiBC is as of the stoichiometric phase (without Li-deficiency) that is usually observed and reported in the literature. The other samples prepared under lower hydrogen pressure (PH2=0.01, 0.10) have an appreciable amount of impurity phases and Li-deficiency probably caused by the Li evaporation. Electrical resistance vs. temperature was measured for two almost single-phase LiBC samples with Li-deficiency and without Li-deficiency and it is about one order of magnitude lower for the sample with Li-deficiency, due to hole-doping effect. Both samples show semiconducting behavior and do not exhibit superconductivity down to 2.0 K, although superconductivity is predicted theoretically for the Li-deficient LiBC compound.
Vertical ordering and electronic coupling in bilayer nanoscale InAs/GaAs quantum dots separated by a thin spacer layer (2008)

The vertical ordering and electronic coupling in bilayer nanoscale InAs/GaAs quantum dots separated by a thin (7-9 nm) spacer layer has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence measurements. The nanoscale dots are grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at 0.028 ML s(-1) growth rate. The active dots having higher monolayer coverages showed reduced ordering due to local strain at the growth surface. Also the active dots with increased monolayer coverage is a probable cause of tunneling-assisted carrier transfer between the dot layers.
Acquisition of conditioned facial reflexes in the cat: cortical control of different facial movements. (1982)

The motor cortex plays a role in determining which of three different facial movements is acquired in Pavlovian conditioning experiments. Three separate facial reflexes can be distinguished by recording electromyographic activity from the orbicularis oculi (eye blink) and levator orii (nose twitch) muscles. One in a pure eye blink; a second is a nose twitch; the third is a compound eye blink and nose twitch. Which of these movements is elicited by a click (conditioned stimulus) following associative conditioning is reflected by the pattern of unit activity elicited by the click at the motor cortex. Activity is enhanced, after conditioning, in those units that project polysynaptically to the specific muscles performing the learned movement. This enhancement of activity is, in turn, relatable to an enhanced electrical excitability of the involved neurons. Analogous changes in the excitability of neurons of the motor cortex to applied currents can be produced by local application of cholinergic agents. Iontophoresis of acetylcholine, aceclidine (a cholinomimetic drug), or intracellularly applied cyclic GMP produces changes in single neuron membrane resistance that increase neuronal excitability. The units of the motor cortex that respond preferentially to these agents and to the click conditioned stimuli with short latencies have been identified as pyramidal cells of layer V. The axons of these neurons form the pyramidal tract, a pathway characterized as serving voluntary movement. It appears that this system supports rapid transmission and processing of auditory-motor information used to perform learned movements adaptively, selectively, and discriminatively.
A voice activated car audio system (1991)

A novel speech detection technology called the enhanced level-adaptive segmentation (ELASE) method has been developed, which can distinguish a driver's commands from audio sounds. Using the ELASE method, a voice-activated car audio system was developed. With the ELASE method, the recognition accuracy improved from 81.5% to 96.3% with the car audio system playing in a moving car, when the peak level was 80 dB. As a result, the driver has no need to look at or touch the unit to operate the car audio system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Long-term Language, Educational, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Adolescents After Childhood Cochlear Implantation (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery journal
Maximum-Likelihood Yes-No Procedure for Gap Detection: Effect of Track Length (2001)

A maximum-likelihood yes-no procedure was used to measure minimum detectable gaps (MDGs) at 1 and 4 kHz using two track lengths (15 and 30 trials). Results from 11 normal listeners show no difference between MDGs for the two track lengths, and variability of the MDGs did not differ significantly for the track lengths. Results from simulations indicate that the variability of MDGs from real listeners is considerably larger than that imposed by the psychophysical procedure. Additional simulations show that random variability of listeners' response criterion is a compelling explanation for the excess variability. These findings indicate that changes in a listener's threshold over time impose a lower bound on the variability obtainable with a yes-no procedure. They imply that increasing the number of trials in a track, beyond the minimum number required to obtain a stable threshold estimate, offers little or no advantage for the test-retest reliability of a clinical threshold measurement.
The Action of Primary Grignard Reagents on t-Butylacetyl Chloride (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Action of Primary Grignard Reagents on t-Butylacetyl ChlorideFrank C. Whitmore, A. H. Popkin, J. S. Whitaker, K. F. Mattil, and J. D. ZechCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 10, 2462–2464Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1938https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01277a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (377 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Blending Neural Operators and Relaxation Methods in PDE Numerical Solvers (2022)

Neural networks suffer from spectral bias having difficulty in representing the high frequency components of a function while relaxation methods can resolve high frequencies efficiently but stall at moderate to low frequencies. We exploit the weaknesses of the two approaches by combining them synergistically to develop a fast numerical solver of partial differential equations (PDEs) at scale. Specifically, we propose HINTS, a hybrid, iterative, numerical, and transferable solver by integrating a Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) with standard relaxation methods, leading to parallel efficiency and algorithmic scalability for a wide class of PDEs, not tractable with existing monolithic solvers. HINTS balances the convergence behavior across the spectrum of eigenmodes by utilizing the spectral bias of DeepONet, resulting in a uniform convergence rate and hence exceptional performance of the hybrid solver overall. Moreover, HINTS applies to large-scale, multidimensional systems, it is flexible with regards to discretizations, computational domain, and boundary conditions.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-related Chains A and B (MIC A/B): A Role in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (2009)

Hepatocellular apoptosis is a key mechanism of liver injury in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recently, soluble forms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related chains A and B (MIC A/B) were reported to be increased in the sera of patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular malignancy. However, the role of MIC A and B in the pathogenesis of NASH has not been explored. We thus aimed to investigate the impact of these stress-induced ligands on liver injury, apoptosis and hepatic fibrosis in patients with NASH. Methodology: Blood and liver tissue were obtained from 40 patients with NASH undergoing gastric banding for obesity. The control group consisted of 10 healthy volunteers. Real-time PCR was used to measure mRNA transcripts of MIC A/B and the death receptors CD95/Fas, TRAIL-DR4 and DR5. Intrahepatic liver cell apoptosis was quantified by TUNEL assay, and on the systemic level, apoptosis was determined by the caspase-cleaved biomarker M30. Liver injury was assessed by histopathology using the NAFLD activity score (NAS) and serum ALT/AST determinations. Hepatic fibrosis was assessed by Sirius-Red staining, and mRNA transcript for α-SMA. Results: Our preliminary data from patients with NASH following gastric banding revealed significant increases (p&lt;0.05) (i) in hepatic MIC A/B mRNA by &gt;2.8; (ii) in CD95/Fas, DR4 and DR5 mRNAs; (iii) in TUNEL+ hepatocytes by &gt;4.1; and (iv) in systemic M30 levels. Consistent with this data, histological examination of livers from NASH patients revealed relevantly increased NAS scores. Serum ALT and AST values were significantly higher in NASH patients. Hepatic fibrosis was &gt;2.6 increased in patients with NASH. Conclusion: In patients with NASH, hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic fibrosis are increased. Our findings suggest a role for MIC A/B-mediated liver injury. Thus, therapeutic intervention aimed at reducing MIC A/B may have a beneficial effect on the progression of NASH.
Expression Profiling of Purified Normal Human Luminal and Myoepithelial Breast Cells (2004)

The normal duct-lobular system of the breast is lined by two epithelial cell types, inner luminal secretory cells and outer contractile myoepithelial cells. We have generated comprehensive expression profiles of the two normal cell types, using immunomagnetic cell separation and gene expression microarray analysis. The cell-type specificity was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry in normal breast tissue. New prognostic markers for survival were identified when the luminal- and myoepithelial-specific molecules were evaluated on breast tumor tissue microarrays. Nuclear expression of luminal epithelial marker galectin 3 correlated with a shorter overall survival in these patients, and the expression of SPARC (osteonectin), a myoepithelial marker, was an independent marker of poor prognosis in breast cancers as a whole. These data provide a framework for the interpretation of breast cancer molecular profiling experiments, the identification of potential new diagnostic markers, and development of novel indicators of prognosis.
Cell-Assisted Lipotransfer: A Systematic Review of Its Efficacy (2016)

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Human Factors for the Design of Force-Reflecting Haptic Interfaces (1994)

Abstract This paper discusses the design criteria imposed by the capabilities of the human user on the design of force reflecting controllers for hands and arms. A framework of issues regarding human capabilities is presented that maps directly to mechanical design requirements. The state of knowledge for each capability is briefly summarized along with presentation of new experimental measurements. Finally, the implications of the human factors data to haptic interface design are discussed.
Spinal cord injury leads to atrophy in pelvic ganglia neurons (2020)

Among the most devastating sequelae of spinal cord injury (SCI) are genitourinary and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Post-ganglionic neurons in pelvic ganglia (PG) directly innervate and regulate the function of the lower urinary tract (LUT), bowel, and sexual organs. A better understanding of how SCI affects PG neurons is essential to develop therapeutic strategies for devastating gastrointestinal and genitourinary complications ensuing after injury. To evaluate the impact of SCI on the morphology of PG neurons, we used a well- characterized rat model of upper thoracic SCI (T3 transection) that causes severe autonomic dysfunction. Using immunohistochemistry for neuronal markers, the neuronal profile size frequency distribution was quantified at one-, four-, and eight-weeks post SCI using recursive translation. Our investigation revealed an SCI-dependent leftward shift in neuronal size (i.e. atrophy), observable as early as one-week post injury. However, this effect was more pronounced at four and eight-weeks post-SCI. These findings demonstrate the first characterization of SCI-associated temporal changes in morphology of PG neurons and warrant further investigation to facilitate development of therapeutic strategies for recovery of autonomic functions following SCI.
High-accuracy detector for laser radar (1970)

Signal processing technique permits accurate timing of pulse position independent of pulse amplitude. Technique utilizes differentiator, limiter amplifier, Schmitt trigger, and monostable multivibrator to produce standard-width pulse whose leading edge corresponds with the maximum of the received signal. This pulse stops the range counter.