gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable light source for narrowband laser excitation: application to Raman spectroscopy (2009)

In many laser spectroscopic techniques, such as fluorescence Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopy the choice of laser excitation wavelength is of central importance. Thus, it is desirable to have a single laser light source where the wavelength can be tuned fast, easily and continuously without the necessity of changing the optical alignment. Here, such a light source is presented combining a broad spectrum with a spatial light modulator as tunable filter. The feasibility of this setup for Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated.
Ivermectin in human medicine (1994)

Ivermectin is a potent macro-cyclic lactone causing paralysis in many nematodes and arthropods through an influx of chloride ions across cell membranes. It is currently the drug of choice for human onchocerciasis and shows potent microfilaricidal activity against the other major filarial parasites of human (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Loa loa and Mansonella ozzardi) but not against M. perstans. Whether or not it also kills the adult-stage of these parasites is currently under study. Ivermectin also has excellent efficacy in both human strongyloidiasis and cutaneous larva migrans for which good alternative treatments have not been available; and it is as effective as currently available drugs against the intestinal nematodes Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis; against the human hookworms it shows only partial efficacy. Preliminary studies indicate that ivermectin has the potential to become the drug of choice for ectoparasitic infestations (mites, lice) of humans as well.
Naturally Occurring Bioactive Oligosaccharides in Goat’s Milk-Infant Formula (P11-078-19) (2019)

Human milk is rich in oligosaccharides (OS) that impart significant health benefits to the infant. When breast feeding is not possible, infant formula (IF) is used as an alternative. However, little is known about the presence of OS in IF and their potential health effects. This study was aimed at quantifying naturally occurring OS in a commercial goat’s milk IF and examining their prebiotic and anti-infection properties. OS were isolated from IF using molecular weight cut-off filters and HILIC-LC/MS system. Prebiotic activity of OS was assessed by co-incubating Bifidobacterium (BB12 and BB526) and Lactobacillus (LA4461 and LC2607) strains in growth media with or without OS anaerobically at 37°C for 24 hr and measuring OD600. Anti-adhesion potential of OS was determined by co-incubating E. coli NCTC 10418 and S. typhimurium, pre-incubated with or without OS for 2 hr at 37°C, with Caco-2 cells for 90 min. After PBS washes and cell lysis, supernatants were plated onto agars for measuring bacterial counts and calculating the anti-adhesion %. Fourteen OS were quantified in goat’s milk IF, of which 5 were structurally similar to those reported in human milk. At concentrations similar to those in reconstituted IF, OS fractions were significantly effective in enhancing the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli strains and preventing the adhesion of E. coli NCTC10418 (52.4%) and S. typhimurium (35%) to the Caco-2 cells. Goat’s milk IF contains several naturally occurring human milk-like OS that appear to promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes and protect against gut pathogens. No conflicts of interest were involved. Nuchev Pty Ltd. provided goat’s milk IF. Research costs were covered by RMIT University.
Data from Cdc42-Interacting Protein 4 Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Invasion and Formation of Invadopodia through Activation of N-WASp (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;In the earliest stages of metastasis, breast cancer cells must reorganize the cytoskeleton to affect cell shape change and promote cell invasion and motility. These events require the cytoskeletal regulators Cdc42 and Rho, their effectors such as N-WASp/WAVE, and direct inducers of actin polymerization such as Arp2/3. Little consideration has been given to molecules that shape the cell membrane. The F-BAR proteins CIP4, TOCA-1, and FBP17 generate membrane curvature and act as scaffolding proteins for activated Cdc42 and N-WASp. We found that expression of CIP4, but not TOCA-1 or FBP17, was increased in invasive breast cancer cell lines in comparison with weakly or noninvasive breast cancer cell lines. Endogenous CIP4 localized to the leading edge of migrating cells and to invadopodia in cells invading gelatin. Because CIP4 serves as a scaffolding protein for Cdc42, Src, and N-WASp, we tested whether loss of CIP4 could result in decreased N-WASp function. Interaction between CIP4 and N-WASp was epidermal growth factor responsive, and CIP4 silencing by small interfering RNA caused decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of N-WASp at a Src-dependent activation site (Y256). CIP4 silencing also impaired the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells and was associated with decreased formation of invadopodia and gelatin degradation. This study presents a new role for CIP4 in the promotion of migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and establishes the contribution of F-BAR proteins to cancer cell motility and invasion. Cancer Res; 70(21); 8347–56. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Diffractivity analysis of VSP data (2000)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000Diffractivity analysis of VSP dataAuthors: T. J. MoserS. A. PetersenE. LandaT. J. MoserNorsk Hydro Bergen Norway/Geophysical Institute of Israel, S. A. PetersenNorsk Hydro, Bergen Norway, and E. LandaGeophysical Institute of Israelhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816180 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816180FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By5. Diffraction ImagingP. Hubral, E. Landa, V. Shtivelman, B. Gelchinsky, Ernest R. Kanasewich, Suhas M. Phadke, Shemer Keydar, B. R. Zavalishin, V. Khaidukov, T. J. Moser, Mark Grasmueck, Ralf Weger, Heinrich Horstmeyer, Reeshidev Bansal, Matthias G. Imhof, Paul C. Sava, Biondo Biondi, John Etgen, Sergey Fomel, M. Turhan Taner, C. B. Howard, Moshe Reshef, Alex Berkovitch, Igor Belfer, Yehuda Hassin, and Ran Bachrach16 June 2016Diffraction imaging by focusing‐defocusing: An outlook on seismic superresolutionGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 69, No. 6 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2000 Pages: 2484 publication data© 2000 Copyright © 2000 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION T. J. Moser, S. A. Petersen, and E. Landa, (2000), "Diffractivity analysis of VSP data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 758-761. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816180 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Ulcerative Proctitis (2004)

Proctitis refers to inflammation of the rectum, a diagnosis made by endoscopic evaluation. Symptoms of proctitis include rectal bleeding, urgency, tenesmus, diarrhea or constipation, and occasionally rectal pain. The causes of proctitis include infection, medication, ischemia, radiation, and ulcerative proctitis. Ulcerative proctitis is an important and increasingly common subcategory of ulcerative colitis (UC) in which inflammation is limited to the rectum. Historically, oral aminosalicylates have been the mainstay of acute and maintenance therapy. A growing body of data, however, indicates that topical aminosalicylates are effective first line agents in ulcerative proctitis and distal UC. Topical aminosalicylates act more effectively and rapidly to induce and maintain remission compared with their oral counterparts or topical steroids. Rarely ulcerative proctitis is refractory to topical therapy and in these instances systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, immunomodulators, or surgery is required. This review highlights the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ulcerative proctitis.
Half-squaring in responses of cat striate cells (1992)

Simple cells in striate cortex have been depicted as rectified linear operators, and complex cells have been depicted as energy mechanisms (constructed from the squared sums of linear operator outputs). This paper discusses two essential hypotheses of the linear/energy model: (1) that a cell's selectivity is due to an underlying (spatiotemporal and binocular) linear stage; and (2) that a cell's firing rate depends on the squared output of the underlying linear stage. This paper reviews physiological measurements of cat striate cell responses, and concludes that both of these hypotheses are supported by the data.
ChemInform Abstract: Captodative Substituent Effects. Part 49. ESR Study of Carbon‐Centered Transient Radicals Using α‐tert.‐Butylthioacrylonitrile as Radical Trap. (1990)

Abstract The title compound (III) is found to be the most useful radical trap because of its easy synthesis, its aptitude to trap nucleophilic as well as electrophilic radicals such as (II) (a total of 29 examples is tabulated), and the facile interpretation of the ESR spectra of radical adducts (IV) which are in equilibrium with their dimers (V).
Abstract 1637: The MEK/Erk pathway is required for PC3 cell survival following FdUMP[10] treatment (2010)

Abstract We have demonstrated that the novel polymeric fluoropyrimidine (FP) antitumor agent FdUMP[10] is efficacious towards prostate tumor (PC3) xenografts at well-tolerated doses while 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is not efficacious. FdUMP[10] treatment of PC3 cells results in complete inhibition of thymidylate synthase and S-phase arrest with generation of extensive DNA double-strand breaks as detected from γH2AX phosphorylation. S-phase arrest was confirmed by Western blots evaluating cyclin expression. In addition, we show that although cell-cycle arrested, FdUMP[10]-treated PC3 cells are not quiescent as indicated by extensive levels of DNA synthesis. The elevated DNA synthesis levels are likely indicative of futile repair. Although approximately 90% of cells are non-viable as assessed by a clonogenic assay, only about 30% of cells undergo apoptosis as assessed by Annexin V+ cells. The observation that FdUMP[10] treatment resulted in potent anti-tumor activity with minimal induction of apoptotic events lead us to assess to what extent activation of cell survival pathways inhibited cell death. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase PI3K/Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (MEK/ERK1/2) signal transduction pathways play critical roles in mammalian cell survival and have been shown to be activated in various cancers. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of PI3K/Akt or MEK/ERK1/2 can each enhance the effectiveness of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Our results show that FdUMP[10] treatment reduced phosphorylated Akt levels suggesting FdUMP[10] treatment inactivates the PI3K/Akt pro-survival pathway. However, inhibition of PI3K/Akt with LY294002 alone promoted a significant loss in the clonogenic capacity of PC3 cells independent of FdUMP[10] treatment while co-treatment did not provide an enhanced therapeutic effect. In contrast to these findings, inhibition of the MEK/ERK1/2 pathway with U0126 showed a significant decrease in viability only in combination with FdUMP[10] treatment. Here, we demonstrate that the potent effects of FdUMP[10]-induced cytotoxicity towards prostate cancer cells may be exacerbated by impairment of the MEK/ERK1/2 but not the PI3K/Akt cell survival pathway. Altogether, our studies suggest advanced prostate cancer may be amenable to treatment with FdUMP[10] in combination with inhibitors of MAPK signaling. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1637.
Design and experimental verification of a novel anisotropic photonic crystal band edge device (2007)

We have been studying a novel 1D anisotropic photonic crystal structure which can be designed to have a strong resonant effect, a very low group velocity over a specific bandwidth. The structure requires two anisotropic layers and one isotropic layer per period and was first introduced by Figotin and Vitebskiy. By the careful design of the parameters of the structure, we can find a special band edge point which has fourth order degeneracy, and is called degenerate band edge (D.B.E). It was predicted that in the case of a transmission resonance in the vicinity of the D.B.E, the resonant field intensity increases as N<sup>4</sup>, where N is the total number of periods, while in the case of a regular band edge, the field intensity is proportional to N<sup>2</sup>. By making a comparison among different anisotropic materials, we have found that the giant resonant effects in the vicinity of the D.B.E also need a large anisotropy of the materials. However, materials with the required anisotropy at optical wavelengths are difficult to find and so we use equivalent form-birefringence layer to replace the anisotropic layer in our photonic crystal structure design. In order to verify our design, we make a real device for use at microwave frequencies using a rapid-prototyping tool. Our measurement results show that using form-birefringence to design this novel device is feasible and can push this novel photonic crystal structure to a lot of potential applications.
Data from Pertuzumab Protects the Achilles' Heel of Trastuzumab—Emtansine (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) represents a significant advancement in the treatment of HER2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; breast cancers. Its clinical efficacy however will be limited by the development of therapeutic resistance. In this report, the HER3 ligand neuregulin is shown to mediate T-DM1 resistance, which was overcome by administration of pertuzumab, a steric inhibitor of HER2 dimerization. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(2); 278–80. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
DeepMorph: A System for Hiding Bitstrings in Morphable Vector Drawings (2020)

We introduce DeepMorph, an information embedding technique for vector drawings. Provided a vector drawing, such as a Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) file, our method embeds bitstrings in the image by perturbing the drawing primitives (lines, circles, etc.). This results in a morphed image that can be decoded to recover the original bitstring. The use-case is similar to that of the well-known QR code, but our solution provides creatives with artistic freedom to transfer digital information via drawings of their own design. The method comprises two neural networks, which are trained jointly: an encoder network that transforms a bitstring into a perturbation of the drawing primitives, and a decoder network that recovers the bitstring from an image of the morphed drawing. To enable end-to-end training via back propagation, we introduce a soft rasterizer, which is differentiable with respect to perturbations of the drawing primitives. In order to add robustness towards real-world image capture conditions, image corruptions are injected between the soft rasterizer and the decoder. Further, the addition of an object detection and camera pose estimation system enables decoding of drawings in complex scenes as well as use of the drawings as markers for use in augmented reality applications. We demonstrate that our method reliably recovers bitstrings from real-world photos of printed drawings, thereby providing a novel solution for creatives to transfer digital information via artistic imagery.
Photophysical Properties of Homometallic Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) Complexes with a Bis(dipyridophenazine) Bridging Ligand. From Pico- to Microsecond Time Resolution (2002)

The photophysical properties of [Ru-bidppz-Ru]4+, [Os-bidppz-Os]4+, and the bridging ligand bidppz (bidppz = 1,1‘-dipyrido[3,2-a:2‘,3‘-c]phenazin-1,1‘-yldipyrido[3,2-a:2‘,3‘-c]phenazine) are investigated. Time-resolved spectroscopic studies were performed on (sub)pico- to microsecond time scales, offering insight into the excited states responsible for the photophysical behavior of the two complexes in different solvents. In particular, [Ru-bidppz-Ru]4+ shows a long excited-state lifetime, 9.7 μs, in deaerated dichloromethane solution, that becomes much shorter (360 ns) in deaerated butyronitrile. The solvent plays a crucial role for the spectroscopic properties of this complex, since the energy of the triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) excited state is influenced by the polarity of the medium. (Sub)picosecond transient absorption spectra in dichloromethane indicate thermal population of the long-lived triplet intraligand (3IL) state of the bridging ligand from the lower lying 3MLCT state. For [Os-bidppz-Os]4+ in dichloromethane the 3MLCT state lies lower in energy and no interaction of this state with the 3IL state of the bridging ligand is observed.
BAFF-R: A new target for depletion of pathogenic B cells in experimental lupus (2020)

Abstract Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which autoantibodies with distinct specificities may arise. However, which autoantibodies contribute to specific manifestations in this multi-system disorder is unknown. We recently demonstrated that anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy effectively depletes CD19+ B-cells and reduces anti-DNA antibodies in autoimmune mice, resulting in improved health and increased life span. Here, we analyzed autoantibody specificities in MRL/lpr mice both before and after 4 months of anti-CD19 CAR T cell treatment. Although antibodies to cardiolipin and histones decreased in parallel with anti-dsDNA in CAR T cell treated mice, autoantibodies to a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) autoantigen with a speckled nuclear distribution remained present. This result argues that anti-RNP IgG are unlikely to contribute to nephritis and skin inflammation, which markedly improved in the anti-CD19 CAR T cell treated mice. The anti-CD19 CAR T cell treated mice were also used to identify potential B cell surface receptors that could serve as CAR T cell targets on kidney-infiltrating B cells. Kidney RNA transcripts, as measured by RT-PCR, showed only minor changes for CD11c, CXCR4, and BCMA between CAR T-treated and control mice, whereas the expression of BAFF-R decreased proportionally with CD19 in treated mice. Thus, the construction and testing of anti-BAFF-R CARs in mice may provide a useful step toward a potential new synergistic therapy for difficult to treat lupus in patients. Research was supported by the Lupus Research Alliance and the UTHSC Maturation Award.
Impact of breakthrough pain on community-dwelling cancer patients: results from the National Breakthrough Pain Study (2016)

Results indicate that BTcP among community-dwelling patients with cancer continues to be a health burden and reveals opportunities to improve its management.
High-throughput SNP discovery and assaydevelopment in common bean (2010)

Background: Next generation sequencing has significantly increased the speed at which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be discovered and subsequently used as molecular markers for research. Unfortunately, for species such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) which do not have a whole genome sequence available, the use of next generation sequencing for SNP discovery is much more difficult and costly. To this end we developed a method which couples sequences obtained from the Roche 454-FLX system (454) with the Illumina Genome Analyzer (GA) for high-throughput SNP discovery. Results: Using a multi-tier reduced representation library we discovered a total of 3,487 SNPs of which 2,795 contained sufficient flanking genomic sequence for SNP assay development. Using Sanger sequencing to determine the validation rate of these SNPs, we found that 86% are likely to be true SNPs. Furthermore, we designed a GoldenGate assay which contained 1,050 of the 3,487 predicted SNPs. A total of 827 of the 1,050 SNPs produced a working GoldenGate assay (79%). Conclusions: Through combining two next generation sequencing techniques we have developed a method that allows high-throughput SNP discovery in any diploid organism without the need of a whole genome sequence or the creation of normalized cDNA libraries. The need to only perform one 454 run and one GA sequencer run allows high-throughput SNP discovery with sufficient sequence for assay development to be performed in organisms, such as common bean, which have limited genomic resources.
A parallel algorithm for scientific visualization (2002)

Scientific visualization aims to reveal relevant information from multi-dimensional datasets, e.g., scalar or vector fields, by carving out interesting structures and displaying them on the screen. Due to the algorithmic complexity and the large size of typical datasets (up to 512/sup -3/ samples), interactive visualization requires either a workstation network, supercomputers or special purpose hardware. We describe a parallel implementation of a visualization tool for scalar fields on a workstation network. Challenges are to overcome the limited transfer bandwidth of the network, to establish an even workload and to avoid stall conditions in a multiuser environment, in which any machine might temporarily be allocated to other tasks. We alleviate the first problem by the use of BTC (block truncation coding), an image compression method which allows image fragments computed by the different workstations to be compressed and decompressed very quickly. Extended to 3D and applied to the dataset itself, it also speeds lip the sequential part of the visualization process. A modified self-scheduling scheme, which assigns work packages redundantly, eliminates delays caused by temporarily deallocated machines. All communication, synchronization and scheduling is done using basic constructs of PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine). Image quality and processing speed are illustrated by an example from medical imaging.