gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inspiratory and expiratory reactance at 5Hz in adult cystic fibrosis (2011)

Introduction: Progressive airways obstruction is a key feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) which has it origins in the small airways. Reactance at 5Hz (X5), measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS), determines the capacitive properties of the peripheral lung. In COPD patients the respiratory phase difference in X5 (inspiratory-minus-expiratory, ΔX5) identifies individuals with expiratory flow limitation. Studies in CF, so far, have analysed whole breath impulse oscillometry.

Aim: To determine the relationship between inspiratory and expiratory phase X5 with spirometry and body plethysmography.

Methods: Within-breath analysis of IOS (Jaeger) was performed on 25 patients with CF (FEV1 range 26-119% of predicted). Results were correlated with spirometric and plethysmographic indices (Jaeger MasterLab).

Results: Both inspiratory and expiratory X5 correlated with FEV1 (r= 0.842, p<0.0001; r=0.892, p<0.0001), respectively. The parameters showed greater sensitivity at lower FEV1 values. They also demonstrated an inverse linear relationship with RV/TLC% ratio (r=-0.747, p<0.0001: r=-0.817, p<0.0001). Respiratory phase difference (ΔX5) correlated with FEV1 and RV/TLC% (r=0.662, p<0.0001: r=0.659, p< 0.004). There was a greater unit change in ΔX5 in CF patients with lower FEV1 values (greater disease severity).

Conclusion: Measurement of inspiratory and expiratory X5 are useful indices of airway obstruction and gas trapping in CF. IOS is quick, easy and portable to use at the patient bedside or outpatient clinic in contrast to body plethysmography. Calculating respiratory phase difference in X5 (ΔX5) may be a useful marker for identifying CF patients who have expiratory flow limitation.
Improved system for exposure of beagle dogs to radioactive aerosols (1973)

· Birth hospitalizations were uncomplicated for late preterm and term infants with maternal COVID-19.. · Nursery management of dyads affected by COVID-19 varied between hospitals.. · Adherence to contemporaneous U.S. clinical guidelines for nursery care was low.. · Breastfeeding rates were lower for dyads roomed separately than those who were colocated..
Cerebral Pharmacokinetics of Tremor-Producing Harmala and Iboga Alkaloids (1972)

Tremor-producing activity and concentration in brain were determined in mice for 4 harmala and 5 iboga alkaloids. All compounds were active, however, harmalol only after intracerebral injection. Kinetics of evasion from brain were first-order functions with most drugs, but revealed 2 compartments for harmalol and 3 for ibogaline. Tremor-producing activity was much more influenced by chemical structure than by lipid solubility. This points to specific receptors for indole compounds in tremorigenic brain structures.
A 4-Mbit CMOS EPROM (1987)

A high-density (512K-word/spl times/8-b) erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) has been designed and fabricated by using 0.8-/spl mu/m n-well CMOS technology. A novel chip layout and a sense-amplifier circuit produce a 120-ns access time and a 4-mA operational supply current. The interpoly dielectric, composed of a triple-layer structure, realizes a 10-/spl mu/s/byte fast programming time, in spite of scaling the programming voltage V/SUB PP/ from 12.5 V for a 1-Mb EPROM to 10.5 V for this 4-Mb EPROM. To meet the increasing demand for a one-time programmable (OTP) ROM, a circuit is implemented to monitor the access time after the assembly. A novel redundancy scheme is incorporated to reduce additional tests after the laser fuse programming. Cell size and chip size are 3.1/spl times/2.9 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/ and 5.86/spl times/14.92 mm/SUP 2/, respectively.
Fluorometric Method for Estimation of Cyanide (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorometric Method for Estimation of CyanideJ. S. Hanker, R. M. Gamson, and Harold. KlapperCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 6, 879–881Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60126a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60126a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characteristics of Mixed Oxides and Nanolaminates of Atomic Layer Deposited HfO[sub 2]–TiO[sub 2] Gate Dielectrics (2006)

Thin film characteristics of mixed oxides and nanolaminates formed by atomic layer deposition were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy, X-ray reflectometry, and metal oxide semiconductor capacitors. The role of underlayer and the impact of the location of in gate dielectrics were also investigated. Some differences in grain-size distribution were observed between mixed oxides and nanolaminates. In mixed oxide films, the grains became smaller and clustered together to form elongated structures as is added. For nanolaminates, the grains became smaller than but they did not form elongated structures. Cross-sectional TEM showed that as-deposited films were amorphous with a thinner interfacial layer than that of . After annealing, films became rougher, with an increase in interfacial layer thickness. A minimum of of was needed as an underlayer to obtain well-behaved electrical characteristics. Capacitance-voltage stressing performed on these films showed improved charge trapping behavior for mixed oxide and nanolaminate structures.
A periodic probabilistic photonic cluster state generator (2014)

The research detailed in this paper describes a Periodic Cluster State Generator (PCSG) consisting of a monolithic integrated waveguide device that employs four wave mixing, an array of probabilistic photon guns, single mode sequential entanglers and an array of controllable entangling gates between modes to create arbitrary cluster states. Utilizing the PCSG one is able to produce a cluster state with nearest neighbor entanglement in the form of a linear or square lattice. Cluster state resources of this type have been proven to be able to perform universal quantum computation.
CO2adsorption by nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes predicted by density-functional theory with dispersion-correcting potentials (2010)

The interaction of CO(2) to the interior and exterior walls of pristine and nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) has been studied using density-functional theory with dispersion-correcting potentials (DCPs). Our calculations predict Gibbs energies of binding between SWNT and CO(2) of up to 9.1 kcal mol(-1), with strongest binding observed for a zigzag [10,0] nanotube, compared to armchair [6,6] (8.3 kcal mol(-1)) and chiral [8,4] (7.0 kcal mol(-1)). Doping of the [10,0] tube with nitrogen increases the Gibbs energies of binding of CO(2) by ca. 3 kcal mol(-1), but slightly reduced binding is found when [6,6] and [8,4] SWNT are doped in similar fashion. The Gibbs energy of binding of CO(2) to the exterior of the tubes is quite small compared to the binding that occurs inside the tubes. These findings suggest that the zigzag SWNT show greater promise as a means of CO(2) gas-capture.
Strain-controlled switching kinetics of epitaxial PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films (2013)

We investigate the effect of biaxial strain on the switching of ferroelectric thin films. The strain state of epitaxial PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films is controlled directly and reversibly by the use of piezoelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.72Ti0.28O3 (001) substrates. At small external electric fields, the films show switching characteristics consistent with a creep-like domain wall motion. In this regime, we find a huge decrease of the switching time under compressive strain. For larger external electric fields, the domain wall motion is in a depinning regime. The effect of compressive strain is more moderate in this region and shows a reduction in the switching kinetics.
Mechanical Behavior and Reinforcing Effect of Full-Scale Test Embankment Applied the Reinforced Soil Method by Vertical Micro-piles (2018)

斜面の法肩から縦方向に補強材を打設する縦打ち補強土工法は，狭あいな場所でも施工可能であるため，近接施工や既設構造物の保全工事において活用の機会が見込まれる。しかし，本工法のような補強は実務的に使われているが，その力学挙動は十分に解明されていない。そこで本研究では，実大の試験盛土に補強材の打設角度や打設間隔が異なる補強を施工し，想定すべり面に対応する背後荷重を作用させて，斜面前面の変位や補強材の断面力などを計測した。その結果，斜面側が斜杭のケースは，背面側が斜杭のケースよりも斜面の変位抑制効果が高いことが明らかとなった。補強材では軸圧縮力や変形に応じた曲げモーメントが計測された。全体的な挙動については，再現解析を実施して計測挙動の妥当性を確認し，補強効果を評価した。
Continuous-wave laser driven post deposition chlorine treatment of CdTe (2015)

Post-deposition laser processing of CdTe has potential for reducing manufacturing costs of CdTe PV modules. In this work we demonstrate the applicability of lasers to thermally processing CdTe modules by using a continuous wave Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser to drive CdCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> treatment of CdTe. The data show that, similar to traditional annealing, laser annealing for only 15 seconds at higher than typical temperatures, the annealed CdTe displays an increase in A-center peak (1.435 eV) in photoluminescence yield. These indicate that chlorine activation of the absorber layer occurs in a mere 15 s and demonstrates the potential of accelerating the post-deposition CdCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> treatment of CdTe by utilizing laser annealing at higher temperatures.
Tagging of Phosphopeptides by Phosphate Elimination and Michael Addition: The Effect of Nearest Neighbors on the Reaction Kinetics (2006)

Kinetics of the base-catalyzed elimination of the phosphate group from short phosphoserinyl peptides and subsequent addition of β-mercaptoethanol to the dehydroalaninyl residue have been studied by following the reactions by RP HPLC in an 8:3:1 (v/v/v) mixture of water, DMSO and ethanol. The data obtained shows that neighboring side-chain-functionalized residues, including Asp, Tyr, Lys, His, Pro and Asn, influence the rate of elimination and addition steps by less than one order of magnitude. The amount of byproducts always remains below 10%, lending support to the applicability of the method as a research tool for functional phosphoproteomics. Keywords: Michael addition, β-elimination, Phosphopeptides
The effects of graphite particle size and processing on the performance of silver-graphite contacts (1992)

The effects of two variables, graphite particle size and sintered density, on the contact performance of silver-4 wt.% graphite materials were evaluated. Materials made with larger graphite particles eroded more slowly, but formed stronger welds relative to materials made using finer graphite particles. The slower erosion is due to the larger intergraphite particle spacing within the material, which allows the establishment of a more cohesive silver matrix. Due to the better silver interconnection, larger silver masses form on the contact surface, which cause the formation of strong welds. Higher sintered density reduced the erosion rate of the materials tested with the greater effect being on the material with the finer graphite particles. The formation of carbon layers on the eroded contact surfaces was noted. A process by which carbon could be deposited from vapor species in the arc is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Long and Short Telomere Lengths are Associated with Risk of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (S33.002) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of peripheral blood leucocyte (PBL) telomere length with incident amnestic MCI (aMCI). BACKGROUND: PBL telomere length shortening is a marker of cellular aging and has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, telomere length may be a marker for risk of aMCI, a putative precursor for AD. DESIGN/METHODS: Cognitively normal Mayo Clinic Study of Aging participants were prospectively followed for incident aMCI. Using a nested case-control design, we matched 137 incident aMCI cases (mean age 81.1 years; 49.6[percnt] men) by age and sex to 137 cognitively normal controls. We measured telomere length (T/S ratio) at baseline using quantitative PCR and investigated the association of T/S with risk of aMCI using proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Generalized additive models demonstrated a significant non-linear association between T/S ratio and risk of aMCI (p = 0.04). Consistent with this, the risk of aMCI was elevated among subjects in the shortest T/S ratio (Q1 [quintile 1]: HR, 2.85, 95[percnt] Confidence interval [CI] 0.98, 8.25; p = 0.05) and the longest T/S ratios (Q5: HR, 5.58, 95[percnt]CI, 2.21, 14.11; p = 0.0003) after adjustment for education (age and sex are included in the matching variables) compared to the middle T/S quintile (Q3). These associations persisted in models further adjusted for APOE ε4 allele and type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that both short and long telomeres are associated with increased risk of aMCI and may play a role in the pathogenesis of aMCI. These findings need replication in a larger cohort to determine the potential benefit of telomere length alterations, alone or in combination with other risk factors, for identifying cognitively normal persons at increased risk of aMCI. Study Supported by: National Institute on Aging grants (U01 AG006786, K01 AG028573, AG034676) and the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.
Comparison of membrane IgM expression in the murine B cell lymphoma 70Z/3 treated with LPS or supernatant containing T cell factors. (1984)

The cultured murine B cell lymphoma, 70Z /3, can be induced to express membrane IgM ( mIgM ) after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or T cell-derived factors. The kinetics and magnitude of the responses have been compared in wild type 70Z /3 cells and three variants by using flow cytometric analysis and immunoprecipitation. Wild type 70Z /3 cells respond to LPS more quickly and with twofold greater mIgM than to concanavalin A-induced spleen cell supernatant (CAS). Variants were selected for their abnormal mIgM expression in response to LPS, but individual variants also showed normal, aberrant, or no response to CAS. When cells were induced with suboptimal amounts of LPS and CAS, a synergistic effect on the magnitude of mIgM expression was seen in wild type and variant cells. This suggests that both inducing agents are utilizing some part of a common inductive mechanism. The different responses of the variant cell lines will allow further genetic dissection and comparison of the mIgM expression pathways used in response to LPS and CAS.
Measurement of electron-impact ionization cross sections for hydrogenlike high-Zions (1997)

Electron-impact ionization cross sections have been measured for the hydrogenlike ions of molybdenum, dysprosium, gold, and bismuth at selected electron energies between 1.3 and 3.9 times threshold. The cross sections were obtained from x-ray measurements of the equilibrium ionization balance in an electron beam ion trap. The measured cross sections agree with recent relativistic distorted-wave calculations that include both the Moeller interaction and exchange.
A knowledge-based approach to predict intragenic deletions or duplications (2008)

Results suggest that the SPeeDD system is effective at prioritizing candidate deletions and duplications within a gene. Use of SPeeDD enables more focused screening, which reduces the labor and associated costs of the molecular assays and may also lead to targeted design of new array-based screens to focus on candidate areas to accelerate the process of mutation discovery.
Improvements in Low Temperature Diesel Combustion with Blending ETBE to Diesel Fuel (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The effects of blending ETBE to diesel fuel on the characteristics of low temperature diesel combustion and exhaust emissions were investigated in a naturally-aspirated DI diesel engine with large rates of cooled EGR. Low temperature smokeless diesel combustion in a wide EGR range was established with ETBE blended diesel fuel as mixture homogeneity is promoted with increased premixed duration due to decreases in ignitability as well as with improvement in fuel vaporization due to the lower boiling point of ETBE. Increasing the ETBE content in the fuel helps to suppress smoke emissions and maintain efficient smokeless operation when increasing EGR, however a too high ETBE content causes misfiring at larger rates of EGR. While the NOx emissions increase with increases in ETBE content at high intake oxygen concentrations, NOx almost completely disappears when reducing the intake oxygen content below 14 % with cooled EGR. The combination of 30 vol% ETBE blended in diesel fuel and 14% intake oxygen concentration with EGR enables smokeless and ultra-low NOx diesel combustion at higher engine loads (with indicated mean effective pressure up to 0.67 MPa) meanwhile keeping the indicated thermal efficiency higher than 40%.&lt;/div&gt;
DeepReflecs: Deep Learning for Automotive Object Classification with Radar Reflections (2021)

This paper presents an novel object type classification method for automotive applications which uses deep learning with radar reflections. The method provides object class information such as pedestrian, cyclist, car, or non-obstacle. The method is both powerful and efficient, by using a light-weight deep learning approach on reflection level radar data. It fills the gap between low-performant methods of handcrafted features and high-performant methods with convolutional neural networks. The proposed network exploits the specific characteristics of radar reflection data: It handles unordered lists of arbitrary length as input and it combines both extraction of local and global features. In experiments with real data the proposed network outperforms existing methods of handcrafted or learned features. An ablation study analyzes the impact of the proposed global context layer.
Genomic Organization and Identification of a Novel Alternative Splicing Variant of Mouse Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR2) Gene (2002)

Eukaryotic mitochondria are equipped with a complete thioredoxin system, composed of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, which has been implicated in the protection against the reactive oxygen intermdiates generated during the respiratory process in this organelle. Like its cytosolic counterpart, mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase is a homodimeric selenoprotein. We report here the genomic organization of the mouse mitochondrial thioredoxin gene (TrxR2) that spans 53 kb and consists of 18 exons ranging from 20 to 210 bp. All splicing sites conformed to the GT/AG rule with the exon-intron boundaries located exactly at the same position as the human TrxR2 gene, the only mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase gene whose genomic structure has been elucidated to date. In addition, we have identified a novel mRNA splicing variant lacking intron 14 resulting in a protein subunit with a shorter interface domain. This new splicing variant provides a framework for further analysis of this important enzyme as its predicted homodimeric conformation can now be expanded to a putative heterodimeric structure as well as a small subunit homodimer with the obvious implications at the regulatory level.
Benchmarks for Characterization of Minima, Transition States, and Pathways in Atomic, Molecular, and Condensed Matter Systems (2014)

A set of benchmark systems is defined to compare different computational approaches for characterizing local minima, transition states, and pathways in atomic, molecular, and condensed matter systems. Comparisons between several commonly used methods are presented. The strengths and weaknesses are discussed, as well as implementation details that are important for achieving good performance. All of the benchmarks and methods are provided in an online database to make the implementation details available and the results reproducible. While this paper provides a snapshot of the benchmark results, the online framework is structured to be dynamic and incorporate new methods and codes as they are developed.
P4-01-10: The Role of the Steroid Receptor Coactivator SRC1 and Its Functional Partner HOXC11 in the Development of Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer. (2011)

Abstract Background: The steroid receptor coactivator; SRC1, has been well described in the development of endocrine resistant breast cancer. SRC1 associates with clinically aggressive tumours and promotion of distant metastasis. It directly interacts with the developmental transcription factor, HOXC11 and together they are found to strongly predict poor disease-free survival in breast cancer patients (hazard ratios: 5.79; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In this study, we investigate the mechanism of SRC1 and HOXC11 action in tumour adaptability and subsequent resistance to endocrine therapy. Materials and Methods: Cells which are resistant to tamoxifen (LY2s) have enhanced SRC1 and HOXC11 mRNA and protein expression in comparison to their endocrine sensitive parent cells (MCF-7s). ChIP-sequencing data for SRC1- and HOXC11- DNA interactions in conjunction with DNA microarray and RNA-sequencing data identified potential signalling targets at play in the LY2 model of endocrine resistance. Real-time analysis and flow cytometry confirmed these interactions at a transcriptional and protein level. These observations were further confirmed in primary breast cancer cultures using flow cytometry. Results: SRC1 and HOXC11 interactions are driven in tamoxifen treated LY2 resistant cells. Combined SRC1 ChIP-sequencing and expression array data analysed in conjunction with HOXC11 ChIP-sequencing and RNA-sequencing data reveal that the SRC1/HOXC11 transcriptional process can orchestrate the loss of luminal cell markers such as ERα, CD24 and PTCH1 whilst concomitantly upregulating mediators of tumourigenicity such as CD44 and MSI2. Primary breast cancer cultures confirm the loss of CD24 in tamoxifen resistant patients. In these patients, loss of CD24 was accompanied by loss of steroid receptor expression (ERα and PR) and by a gain of the basal marker CD44. Discussion: Here, we describe a new signalling pathway where SRC1 and HOXC11 regulate two distinct but complementary mechanisms to drive tumour adaptability. Silencing of luminal cell markers and a concomitant increase in a basal cell phenotype has the potential to alter the survival mechanism of breast cancer cells to evade targeted therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-10.
Protective and therapeutic role of 2-carba-cyclic phosphatidic acid in demyelinating disease (2017)

We demonstrated that 2ccPA protected oligodendrocytes via suppression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Also, we found beneficial effects of 2ccPA in the multiperiod of cuprizone-induced demyelination and the pathology of EAE. These data indicate that 2ccPA may be a promising compound for the development of new drugs to treat demyelinating disease and ameliorate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis.