gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of V-Doped Titanium-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag and its Antibacterial Activity to Mildew (2010)

Photocatalyst of perovskite type V-doped titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (VTBBFS) were prepared by high temperature solid-state method with different concentration of V for 2 hours at 800°C. The structure and composition of VTBBFS photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, UV-vis absorption spectra, and SEM images. It shows that VTBBFS photocatalyst has perovskite structure, and a kind of irregular and massive particles by calcined at 800°C. Its photo absorption performance was checked by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, its absorption spectrum has a obvious red shift. Use Aspergillus Niger to research the antibacterial activities of VTBBFS photocatalyst. The results show the antibacterial activities of VTBBFS photocatalyst has a good antibacterial performance with 5% diluent of VTBBFS15 under the UV light.
Hybrid Robots Consisting of Mechanical Parts and Living Organisms for Microrobot Application (1996)

Structure of a 1 mm long microrobot that is our final goal may be different from that of a conventional robot due to scale effects. For example, rotational joints do not work well in microrobots because friction becomes dominant compared to gravity. Since insects have obtained suitable structures and functions for their scale through natural selection, they are good models for microrobots.
Studying the epigenome using next generation sequencing (2011)

The advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have had a significant impact on epigenomic research. The arrival of NGS technologies has enabled a more powerful sequencing based method--that is, ChIP-Seq--to interrogate whole genome histone modifications, improving on the conventional microarray based method (ChIP-chip). Similarly, the first human DNA methylome was mapped using NGS technologies. More importantly, studies of DNA methylation and histone modification using NGS technologies have yielded new discoveries and improved our knowledge of human biology and diseases. The concept that cytosine methylation was restricted to CpG dinucleotides has only been recently challenged by new data generated from sequencing the DNA methylome. Approximately 25% of all cytosine methylation identified in stem cells was in a non-CG context. The non-CG methylation was more enriched in gene bodies and depleted in protein binding sites and enhancers. The recent developments of third generation sequencing technologies have shown promising results of directly sequencing methylated nucleotides and having the ability to differentiate between 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. The importance of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine remains largely unknown, but it has been found in various tissues. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine was particularly enriched at promoters and in intragenic regions (gene bodies) but was largely absent from non-gene regions in DNA from human brain frontal lobe tissue. The presence of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in gene bodies was more positively correlated with gene expression levels. The importance of studying 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine separately for their biological roles will become clearer when more efficient methods to distinguish them are available.
PERFORMANCE TESTING FOR HOT MIX ASPHALT (EXECUTIVE SUMMARY) (2001)

The purpose of this project is to evaluate available information on permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, low-temperature cracking, moisture susceptibility, and friction properties. Also, as appropriate, the paper recommends performance tests that can be adopted immediately to ensure improved performance. Emphasis is placed on permanent deformation. A summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the tests considered for permanent deformation is provided.
Effects of polymorphic cytochrome P450 2A6 genotypes on chemoprevention against colorectal tumors in single Japanese cohort using daily low-dose aspirin: insights into future personalized treatments (2021)

The CYP2A6 wild-type allele could be a candidate biomarker for reduced chemopreventive effects of daily aspirin in a population with wide-ranging CYP2A6 phenotypes with a high frequency of impaired activities resulting from variations and whole-gene deletions. The CYP2A6 genotypes could be applicable to future personalized treatments for colorectal tumor chemoprevention with daily aspirin.
Representación y medio ambiente en la educación básica en México (2009)

Since 1992, educational goals, as part of basic-education reforms, placed a particular emphasis on the need to offer knowledge on environmental education that would allow school children to understand the nature of environmental issues, their negative effects on their surroundings and on human health, as well as to take simple actions so as to contribute to reducing these problems starting from the school and family milieu the children. However, environmental issues and their practical solutions take on different nuances according to the type of social representations subsumed in said understanding, which may have a technical, complex or humanistic affiliation. The findings of the research set forth in this article identify the social representations on the environmental education of basic-education teachers, as well as the senses and meanings that, through them, are emphasized in every-day student activity.
10 Gy total body irradiation increases risk of coronary sclerosis, degeneration of heart structure and function in a rat model (2009)

TBI with 10 Gy, a dose relevant to radiological terrorist threats, worsened lipid profile, injured coronary microvasculature, altered endothelial physiology and myocardial mechanics. These changes were not manifest with local thorax irradiation. Non-thoracic circulating factors may be promoting radiation-induced injury to the heart.
Baicalein induces CD4+Foxp3+ T cells and enhances intestinal barrier function in a mouse model of food allergy (2016)

The incidence of food allergy, which is triggered by allergen permeation of the gastrointestinal tract followed by a T-helper (Th) 2-mediated immune response, has been increasing annually worldwide. We examined the effects of baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone), a flavonoid from Scutellaria baicalensis used in oriental herbal medicine, on regulatory T (Treg) cell induction and intestinal barrier function through the regulation of tight junctions in a mouse model of food allergy. An allergic response was induced by oral challenge with ovalbumin, and the incidence of allergic symptoms and T cell-related activity in the mesenteric lymph nodes were analyzed with and without the presence of baicalein. Our results demonstrated that the administration of baicalein ameliorated the symptoms of food allergy and attenuated serum IgE and effector T cells. However, Treg-related factors were up-regulated by baicalein. Furthermore, baicalein was shown to enhance intestinal barrier function through the regulation of tight junctions. We also found that baicalein treatment induced the differentiation of Treg cells via aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). Thus, the action of baicalein as an agonist of AhR can induce Treg differentiation and enhance barrier function, suggesting that baicalein might serve as an effective immune regulator derived from foods for the treatment of food allergy.
Farklı Koyun Irkı Kalplerine Ait Musculus papillaris ve Chordae tendineae Üzerinde Makroanatomik ve Morfometrik Bir Çalışma (2013)

Koyun deneysel çalışmalarda kullanılan ve kullanılması halen tartışılan bir ruminant&amp;#039;tır. Koyun kalbinin kalp cerrahisinde bir model olarak kullanılabileceği öne sürülmektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışmada farklı koyun ırkı (Tuj, Akkaraman, İvesi) kalplerinin ventriculus cordis&amp;#039;inde bulunan bazı morfometrik veriler belirlendi ve karşılaştırıldı. Bu amaçla, 30 erkek koyun kalbi kullanıldı. Chordae tendineae&amp;#039;nin uzunluğu , kapakçıklara tutunma sayısı, musculi papillares&amp;#039;in tepe çıkıntı sayısı , trabecula septomarginalis&amp;#039;in sayısı ve uzunluğu belirlendi. Çalışmada chordae tendineae&amp;#039;nın tüm uzunluk değerlerindeki farkların istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu saptandı. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma hem deneysel hem de eğitim amaçlı koyun kalbi modeli oluşturmada ventriculus cordis morfometrisi bakımından ırk faktörünün göz önüne alınması gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.
Cover Picture: Indoloquinolizidine Derivatives as Novel and Potent Apoptosis Inducers and Cell‐Cycle Blockers (ChemBioChem 3/2008) (2008)

The cover picture shows an indoloquinolizidine derivative that has been identified as a potent cell-death-inducing (apoptosis) agent, after the screening of 11 000 natural-product-derived and -inspired compounds in three human tumour cell lines. The background shows the stark white branches of a dead tree in front of the green of a living one, while the blue sea in the distance symbolises (unreachable) eternity. FACS analysis indicated that the derivative shown is one of seven compounds that are able to arrest cells in the G2M phase of the cell cycle. For more details see the article by F. Wehner et al. on p. 401 ff.
Intelligent Modified Channel and Frequency Offset Estimation Schemes in Future Generation OFDM-Based Packet Communication Systems (2008)

The channel estimation and frequency offset estimation scheme for future generation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM-) based intelligent packet communication systems are proposed. In the channel estimation scheme, we use additional 8 short training symbols besides 2 long training symbols for intelligently improving estimation performance. In the proposed frequency offset estimation scheme, we allocate intelligently different powers to the short and long training symbols while maintaining average power of overall preamble sequence. The preamble structure considered is based on the preamble specified in standardization group of IEEE802.11a for wireless local area network (WLAN) and IEEE802.11p for intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). From the simulation results, it is shown that the proposed intelligent estimation schemes can achieve better mean squared error (MSE) performance for channel and frequency offset estimation error than the conventional scheme. The proposed schemes can be used in designing for enhancing the performance of OFDM-based future generation intelligent communication network systems.
CORDIC Processor with Carry-Save Architecture (1990)

A CORDIC processor for vector rotations using a carry-save architecture has been developed and realized. The CORDIC algorithm is based on an iteration, directed by the sign of intermediate results. To achieve a high clock frequency of 60 MHz the CORDIC iteration was built up with pipelined carry-save adder stages. Due to the redundant number representation of the carry-save architecture an exact sign detection is not possible, so that the algorithm had been modified. Due to the high throughput rate and its regularity this architecture is well suited for real-time applications.
Transcripts of the human herpesvirus 8 genome in skin lesions and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with classic Kaposi's sarcoma. (2005)

We report a 75-year-old Japanese woman with classic Kaposi's sarcoma. PCR amplified human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) DNA sequences from her skin lesions and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), but not her plasma, saliva or urine. An antibody test against HHV-8 lytic antigens was positive. Immunohistochemical staining detected latent antigen. There was no evidence of HHV-8 infection in her husband, sister or daughter. Genes coding for HHV-8-encoded viral interleukin-6, viral macrophage inflammatory protein I, viral G protein-coupled receptor, viral cyclin D and viral Bcl-2 were expressed to the same degree in both her skin lesion and PBMC. Latency-associated T0.7 mRNA and HHV-8-encoded viral tegument protein genes were expressed in her PBMC at levels lower than in the skin lesions. Based on the gene expression profile, we concluded that lytic HHV-8 infection was present in her skin lesions and PBMC.
RIGIDI'fY ANALOGUE RADIOACTIVE BEAMS FROM A HEAVY ION CYCLOTRON* (1987)

We have sucoessfully extracted several analogue radioactive ion beams from the K500 cyclotron at MSU and are Performing experiments (e.g. 3H1+ and 6He2+). ‘The requirement that the radioactive beams should be an analogue of the primary beams, i.e. the charge to mass ratios are equal, restricts the number of possible beams. We have realized that placing the primary beam target on tne last accelerated turn removes the cyclotron resonance constraint, thereby greatly increasing the number of possible radioactive beams, such as 16C6+, 2’08+, and “B5+. The extraction system of the KC00 cyclotron may be viewed as a special type of beam separator with the requirement that the magnetic rigidity of the radioactive ion beam equals that of the primary beam. Locating the primary beam target within the cyclotron allows the intensity of the radioactive beam to be limited by the ion source output or the internal beam power dissipation rather than the extraction system power dissipation. The radioactive ion beam may also be directed toward all experimental stations of the laboratory. New large K heavy ion cyclotrons will be able to produce these beams with the simple addition of a last turn ‘arget.
Neutron source reaction cross sections (1977)

Accurate differential cross sections have been measured for the reactions $^{2}\mathrm{H}{(d,^{3}\mathrm{He})}_{n}$ at 12.305 MeV, for $^{3}\mathrm{H}{(p,^{3}\mathrm{He})}_{n}$ at 13.600 MeV, and $^{2}\mathrm{H}{(t,^{4}\mathrm{He})}_{n}$ at 20.000 MeV. The relative error for most of the data is on the order of 1% and the scale error is less than 1%. The data are used to give absolute normalizations to the measured neutron spectra from these reactions and will be useful in the analysis of mass-4 and mass-5 systems.[NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{2}\mathrm{H}(d,^{3}\mathrm{He})$, $E=12.305$ MeV, $\ensuremath{\theta}(\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.)=24\ensuremath{-}{96}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$; $^{3}\mathrm{H}(p,^{3}\mathrm{He})$, $E=13.600$ MeV, $\ensuremath{\theta}(\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.)=25\ensuremath{-}{103}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$; $^{2}\mathrm{H}(t,^{4}\mathrm{He})$, $E=20.000$ MeV, $\ensuremath{\theta}(\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.)=36\ensuremath{-}{104}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$; $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\theta}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.03}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$, measured differential cross sections $\ensuremath{\sigma}(\ensuremath{\theta})$; $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\sigma}=1%$.]
Symmetric User Grouping for Multicast and Broadcast Polling in IEEE 802.16 Networks (2008)

In this paper we address the bandwidth reservation in IEEE 802.16 standard via multicast and broadcast polling mechanisms. It is shown that symmetric user grouping with the same QoS requirements does not change the capacity of the random multiple access system. Binary exponential backoff protocol is then investigated as it is standardized for both multicast and broadcast polling. We establish that symmetric user grouping does not essentially increase the performance of this protocol.
Vision-based strategy to reduce the perceived color misregistration of image-capturing devices (2002)

One of the common artifacts for three-row charge-coupled device (CCD) desktop scanners is color misregistration between the red, green, and blue layers of an image. This causes both color fringing and blur in the resulting scanned images, which we quantify by linear system theory analysis. Knowing the bandwidth and peak sensitivity asymmetries in the opponent color representation of the visual system, we develop a method to reduce the color misregistration artifact by attempting to capture signals in an approximate opponent color space. To facilitate separate capture of the luminance and chrominance signals, we use a new sensor arrangement. The luminance signal (Y) is captured at the full resolution using one row of the three-row CCD linear arrays. The first chrominance signal is captured on another row with a interleaved half resolution red (R) and half resolution luminance sensor elements and the second chrominance signal is similarly captured on a third row using blue (B) and luminance. Since each luminance and chrominance signal is isolated on a single row and since there is no registration error within a row, color misregistration is theoretically prevented in luminance as well as in the chrominance signals. Simulation shows that the new method does reduce blur and the visibility of color fringing. Because residual luminance and chrominance misregistration may occur we conduct a psychophysical experiment to judge the improvement in the scanned image quality. The experiment shows that this new capture scheme can significantly reduce the perception of misregistration artifacts. Finally, we use an image processing model of the visual system to quantify the visible differences due to misregistration and compare these to the psychophysical results.
Emeralds from the Kafubu Area, Zambia (2005)

ambia is one of the world's most significant sources of fine-quality emerald and has been called the second most important producer by value after Colombia (see, e.g., For years, the mines in the Kafubu area (near the Kafubu River in the Ndola Rural Restricted Area) have produced emeralds of uniform color and size, which supported the cutting of vast quantities of calibrated goods. In addition, relatively large, fine stones are occasionally found (see, e.g., figure
Three-Dimensional Modeling of a Steam-Line Break in a Boiling Water Reactor (2002)

AbstractBecause of weld problems, the core grids of Units 1 and 2 at the Forsmark nuclear power plant have been replaced by grids of a new design, consisting of a single machined piece without welds. The qualifying structural analysis has been carried out considering dynamic loads, which implies that even loss-of-coolant accidents have to be included. Therefore, a detailed time description of the loads acting on the different internal parts of the reactor is needed. To achieve sufficient space and time resolution, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was considered to be a viable alternative.A CFD analysis of a steam-line break in the boiling water reactor of Unit 2 is the subject of this work. The study is based on the assumption that the timescale of the transient analysis is smaller than the relaxation time of the water-steam system. Therefore, a simulation of only the upper, steam part of the reactor with no two-phase effects (flashing) is feasible.The results obtained display a rather complex behavior of the decompression process, forcing the analysis of the pressure field to be accomplished through animation. In contrast, the computed instantaneous forces over different internal parts oscillate regularly and are approximately twice the forces estimated in the past by simpler methods, with frequencies of 30 to 40 Hz; top amplitudes of ~1.64 MN; and relatively low damping, ~25% after 0.5 s.According to the present results, this type of modeling is physically meaningful for simulation timescales smaller than the water-steam relaxation time, i.e., ~0.5 s at reactor conditions. At larger times, a two-phase model is necessary to describe the decompression process since two-phase effects are dominant. The results have not yet been validated with experiments, but validation computations will be run in the future for comparison with results of the Marviken tests.
Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC) attenuates mouse sperm motility and male fecundity (2011)

Δ(9) -THC inhibits both basal and bicarbonate-stimulated sperm motility in vitro and reduces male fertility in vivo. High concentrations of WIN 55,212-2 or Δ(9) -THC inhibit ATP production in sperm; this effect of WIN 55,212-2 is CB(1) receptor-dependent whereas that of Δ(9) -THC is not. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.165.issue-8. To view Part I of Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2011.163.issue-7.
Cause and Mitigation of Lithium-Ion Battery Failure—A Review (2021)

Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are seen as a viable option to meet the rising demand for energy storage. To meet this requirement, substantial research is being accomplished in battery materials as well as operational safety. LiBs are delicate and may fail if not handled properly. The failure modes and mechanisms for any system can be derived using different methodologies like failure mode effects analysis (FMEA) and failure mode methods effects analysis (FMMEA). FMMEA is used in this paper as it helps to identify the reliability of a system at the component level focusing on the physics causing the observed failures and should thus be superior to the more data-driven FMEA approach. Mitigation strategies in LiBs to overcome the failure modes can be categorized as intrinsic safety, additional protection devices, and fire inhibition and ventilation. Intrinsic safety involves modifications of materials in anode, cathode, and electrolyte. Additives added to the electrolyte enhance the properties assisting in the improvement of solid-electrolyte interphase and stability. Protection devices include vents, circuit breakers, fuses, current interrupt devices, and positive temperature coefficient devices. Battery thermal management is also a protection method to maintain the temperature below the threshold level, it includes air, liquid, and phase change material-based cooling. Fire identification at the preliminary stage and introducing fire suppressive additives is very critical. This review paper provides a brief overview of advancements in battery chemistries, relevant modes, methods, and mechanisms of potential failures, and finally the required mitigation strategies to overcome these failures.
Characterization and expression of a spliced leader RNA in the parasitic nematode Ascaris lumbricoides var. suum. (1989)

The parasitic nematode Ascaris spp. contains a 22-nucleotide spliced-leader (SL) sequence identical to the trans-SL previously described in Caenorhabditis elegans and other nematodes. The SL comprises the first 22 nucleotides of a approximately 110-base RNA and is transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The SL RNA contains a trimethylguanosine cap and a consensus Sm binding site. Furthermore, the Ascaris SL RNA has the potential to adopt a secondary structure which is nearly identical to potential secondary structures of similar SL RNAs in C. elegans and Brugia malayi.
Luteolin-7-O-β-d-Glucoside Inhibits Cellular Energy Production Interacting with HEK2 in Keratinocytes (2019)

Flavonoids have been demonstrated to affect the activity of many mammalian enzyme systems. Their functional phenolic groups are able to mediate antioxidant effects by scavenging free radicals. Molecules of this class have been found able to modulate the activity of kinases, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenase, glutathione S-transferase, and many others. Recently, it has been demonstrated that luteolin, in the form of Luteolin-7-<i>O</i>-β-d-glucoside (LUT-7G) is able to induce the keratinocyte differentiation process in vitro. This flavonoid is able to counteract the proliferative effects of IL-22/IL6 pathway by the inhibition of STAT3 activity also in vivo in a psoriatic mouse model. Observations on energy metabolism changes of differentiating cells led us to perform a complete metabolomics analysis using human primary keratinocytes treated with LUT-7G. Our results show that LUT-7G, is not only able to impair the nuclear translocation of STAT3, but it also blocks the energy metabolism pathway, depressing the glycolytic and Krebs pathway by the inhibition of hexokinase 2 activity. These data confirm that LUT-7G can be proposed as a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammatory and proliferative diseases, but its role as a hexokinase 2 (HEK2) inhibitor opens new perspectives in nutritional science, and especially in cancer therapy, in which the inhibition of the Warburg effect could be relevant.