gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mucus Glycoconjugate Complexes Released from Feline Trachea by a Bacterial Toxin (1995)

This paper describes low-density mucus glycoconjugates released from feline trachea by dirhamnolipid (DRL), a toxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mucus glycoconjugates in feline tracheas were radiolabeled in vivo with 3H-proline and 14C-glucose. Control mucus and that released by 200 micrograms/ml DRL were dissolved in guanidine hydrochloride buffer (GuHCl) and chromatographed on Sepharose CL-2B. Molecules eluting in the void volume (V0) of the column were isolated by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation in CsCl/GuHCl. All samples gave peaks of radiolabeled and periodic acid/Schiff (PAS)-reactive material at rho = approximately 1.50 and approximately 1.60 g/ml, but DRL-stimulated samples contained low-density material (rho < 1.32 g/ml), also PAS-reactive and radiolabeled. Control secretions incubated with DRL in vitro did not form low-density material. In Triton X-100 (1% vol/vol), a nonionic detergent, low-density material behaved as smaller molecules, running in the partially included volume (Vi) of the column of Sepharose CL-2B, but still in the V0 of Sephacryl S-300. Incubation with chondroitinase ABC, heparinase II and III, and keratanase failed to change its elution profile on S-300, evidence against glycosaminoglycans; but proteolysis with trypsin or proteinase K gave two peaks, peptide fragments near the totally included volume of the column and glycopeptides in V0. The V0 glycopeptides banded between 1.50 and 1.55 g/ml in a CsCl gradient and eluted as a single peak in the Vi of Sephacryl S-400, suggesting a distinct homogeneous glycopeptide, smaller than those from normal mucins. The main 14C-labeled sugars in this glycopeptide were fucose, glucosamine, galactosamine, and galactose, consistent with a mucin. Thus, DRL releases stable but noncovalent complexes containing one or more distinct mucinlike glycoconjugates, probably combined with lipids and peptides. We discuss their possible relevance to airway diseases, including cystic fibrosis.
Soret, Dufour and Heat by Chemical Reaction Effects in a Chemical Vapor Deposition Optical Fiber Coating Process (2005)

In this paper, we studied the effect of thermal diffusion (Soret effect), the heat flux due to species concentration gradient (Dufour effect) and the heat by chemical reactions in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process used to hermetically coat optical fibers. Using a previously developed mass and heat transfer model to investigate the transport phenomena in this process, the Soret and Dufour effects are compared to ordinary mass diffusion. The thermal conductivity, molecular diffusivity and thermal diffusivity are calculated using a multi-component model. The contribution of heat of chemical reactions to overall heat transfer in the CVD is also discussed. Soret effect and heat by chemical reactions are found to be very important in this process, and their effect is related to operating conditions such as draw speed and optical fiber inlet temperature.
Comparative effects of frovatriptan and sumatriptan on coronary and internal carotid vascular haemodynamics in conscious dogs (2001)

The effects of frovatriptan and sumatriptan on internal carotid and coronary vascular haemodynamics were investigated and compared in conscious dogs. Frovatriptan and sumatriptan (0.1 - 100 microg kg(-1)) induced a transient increase in external coronary artery diameter (eCOD) of up to 2.9+/-1.2 and 1.8+/-0.6%, respectively (both P:<0.05). This was followed by a prolonged and dose-dependent decrease in eCOD of up to -5.2+/-1.2 and -5.3+/-0.9% (both P:<0.05), with ED(50) values of 86+/-21 and 489+/-113 micromol kg(-1), respectively. In contrast, only a decrease in the external diameter of the internal carotid artery was observed (-6.0+/-0.6 and -6.2+/-1.4%, both P:<0.05, and ED(50) values of 86+/-41 and 493+/-162 micromol kg(-1), respectively). Frovatriptan was thus 5.7 fold more potent than sumatriptan at the level of both large coronary and internal carotid arteries. After endothelium removal by balloon angioplasty in coronary arteries, the initial dilatation induced by the triptans was abolished and delayed constriction enhanced. The selective antagonist for the 5-HT(1B) receptors SB224289 dose-dependently blocked the effects of sumatriptan on large coronary and internal carotid arteries whereas the selective antagonist for the 5-HT(1D) receptors BRL15572 did not affect any of these effects. In conclusion, frovatriptan and sumatriptan initially dilate and subsequently constrict large coronary arteries in the conscious dog, whereas they directly constrict the internal carotid artery. The vascular endothelium modulates the effects of these triptans on large coronary arteries. Finally, 5-HT(1B) but not 5-HT(1D) receptors are primarily involved in canine coronary and internal carotid vasomotor responses to sumatriptan.
Anesthetic Efficacy of Articaine and Lidocaine in a Primary Intraseptal Injection: A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind Study (2017)

Additional studies are needed to evaluate intraseptal anesthesia in the mandibular first molar. The purpose of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of a primary intraseptal injection of articaine and lidocaine, administered with a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system, in asymptomatic mandibular first molars. Using a crossover design, 100 subjects randomly received intraseptal injections of 1.4 mL of 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine, both with 1:100,000 epinephrine, at 2 separate appointments. Injections were given in the interdental papillae, mesial (0.7 mL) and distal (0.7 mL) to the first molar. An electric pulp tester was used to test for pulpal anesthesia. Pain of injection, postoperative pain, and pulse rate were also evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed. Anesthetic success rate for the mandibular first molar was 32% for articaine and 30% for lidocaine, with no statistically significant difference (p = .8689) between the two. No significant differences were found between formulations for pain of injection. The intraseptal injection did not cause a clinically meaningful increase in pulse rate. Postoperative pain decreased each day with no significant differences between formulations. In conclusion, a primary intraseptal injection does not achieve a high success rate of pulpal anesthesia in the mandibular first molar.
European Expert Opinion on Infrarenal Sealing Zone Definition and Management in Endovascular Aortic Repair Patients: A Delphi Consensus (2022)

AB members agreed on definitions of the pre- and post-EVAR infrarenal sealing zone, as well as factors of influence. Furthermore, a clinical decision algorithm was proposed to determine the timing and necessity of adjunctive procedure(s) and reinterventions.
Electromagnetic Fields in General Hospital (2004)

Background: Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are ubiquitous in modern society including medical field. As the technology of medical instruments and telecommunications has developed rapidly, it has influenced on our lives in many ways. Modern medical practice requires high quality medical equipments, which have a great deal of electromagnetic interference and susceptibility.
Superconducting critical field ofNb3Ge1−xSnxpseudobinaries (1981)

Upper critical fields, ${H}_{c2}(T)$, and residual resistivities, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$, of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{x}$ pseudobinaries with $0&lt;~x&lt;~1$ produced by chemical vapor deposition were measured in fields up to 140 kG. The upper critical field ${H}_{c2}(0)$ exhibits a minimum at $x\ensuremath{\approx}0.4$. The temperature dependence of ${H}_{c2}$ for all ternary concentrations follows the theory of dirty type-II superconductors. The coefficient of the electronic specific heat $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, the band density of states ${N}_{b}(0)$, and the electron-phonon coupling parameter are determined as a function of $x$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$. Estimated electron-phonon coupling parameters suggest a high Fermi-surface average of McMillan's parameter $〈{I}^{2}〉$ for ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}$Ge.
Estimation of Traffic Recovery Time for Different Flow Regimes on Freeways (2008)

This study attempts to estimate post-incident traffic recovery time along a freeway using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. It has been found that there is a linear relationship between post-incident traffic recovery time, and incident time and traffic intensity. For purposes of this paper, the post-incident recovery time is defined as that time beyond the clearing of an incident when pre-incident traffic conditions are achieved and traffic has returned to normalcy or steady state. The research supports Objective 2.1 of the SHA Business Plan, which seeks to develop measures to enhance the Maryland State Highway Administration’s (SHA's) ability to quantify the impact of congestion and delay on the highway network. In addition, the SHA understands that the capability to reasonably estimate the traffic recovery time for a given duration of incident is crucial in quantifying the cost-effectiveness of current/future traffic management programs involving detection and clearance of incident on freeways. A total of 121 traffic scenarios of traffic intensity (Rho - volume to capacity ratio), incident duration, and proportion of lane blockage were simulated resulting in a total of 726 experiments. The VISSIM simulation platform was used to derive values for output flow, density, and speed to determine the post-incident traffic recovery times. The analysis of simulated data showed that for a given incident duration and lane blockage scenario, the recovery time of the traffic increases non-linearly with traffic intensity. The traffic recovery time becomes uniform (stable) for low and moderate traffic intensity values. A set of linear regression models was developed to reasonably estimate the post-incident traffic recovery time using traffic intensity, incident duration, and proportion of lane blockage as exogenous variables.
Targeting Thioredoxin-1 by dimethyl fumarate induces ripoptosome-mediated cell death (2017)

Constitutively active NFκB promotes survival of many cancers, especially T-cell lymphomas and leukemias by upregulating antiapoptotic proteins such as inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and FLICE-like inhibitory proteins (cFLIPs). IAPs and cFLIPs negatively regulate the ripoptosome, which mediates cell death in an apoptotic or necroptotic manner. Here, we demonstrate for the first time, that DMF antagonizes NFκB by suppressing Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1), a major regulator of NFκB transcriptional activity. DMF-mediated inhibition of NFκB causes ripoptosome formation via downregulation of IAPs and cFLIPs. In addition, DMF promotes mitochondrial Smac release and subsequent degradation of IAPs, further enhancing cell death in tumor cells displaying constitutive NFκB activity. Significantly, CTCL patients treated with DMF display substantial ripoptosome formation and caspase-3 cleavage in T-cells. DMF induces cell death predominantly in malignant or activated T-cells. Further, we show that malignant T-cells can die by both apoptosis and necroptosis, in contrast to resting T-cells, which are restricted to apoptosis upon DMF administration. In summary, our data provide new mechanistic insight in the regulation of cell death by targeting NFκB via Trx1 in cancer. Thus, interference with Trx1 activity is a novel approach for treatment of NFκB-dependent tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Transformation of Fused Pyridazines. Part 5. Ring Transformation of Cinnolines with Ynamines. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Benefit of Higher Maximum Force Output on Listening Effort in Bone-Anchored Hearing System Users: A Pupillometry Study (2019)

The overall effort to process a moderate to loud speech signal was significantly reduced by using a sound processor with a higher MFO (P3SP and P3), as a consequence of fewer saturation artifacts. These findings suggest that sound processors with a higher MFO may help BAHS users in their everyday listening scenarios, in particular in noisy environments, by improving sound quality and, thus, decreasing the amount of cognitive resources utilized to process incoming speech sounds.
A technique for minimum/nonminimum phase identification during multipath fading (2002)

The use of an adaptive transversal equalizer at the receiver end of a digital radio receiver as a tool for identifying the phase of dispersive fading events is discussed. The identification is based on the online comparison of the equalizer precursor and postcursor taps and can be used without service disruption. It is shown that this method can be applied to dispersive fades with in-band notches and that noise in the received signal is a major cause of identification errors. The method used to compute the equalizer taps is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Immunopathogenic events in acute infection of rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (1994)

Infection of the rhesus monkey with simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmax) was employed to explore the early immune events associated with the initial containment of an acute AIDS virus infection. In nine rhesus monkeys infected intravenously with uncloned SIVmac strain 251, high-level p27 plasma antigenemia was usually detected transiently from approximately day 7 through day 21 following virus inoculation. SIVmac replication in lymph nodes measured by in situ RNA hybridization closely paralleled the time course and magnitude of viremia. The containment of SIVmac spread by 3 to 4 weeks following infection suggests an efficient, early immune control of this virus infection. Anti-SIVmac antibodies were first detected in the blood at approximately day 14. At the time antigenemia was decreased or cleared, SIVmac neutralizing antibodies were present. A rise in circulating and lymph node CD8+ T cells also occurred coincident with the clearance of antigenemia and persisted thereafter. These CD8+ lymphocytes in lymph nodes had increased expression of both major histocompatibility complex class II and the adhesion molecule LFA-1; they also demonstrated decreased expression of the naive T-cell-associated CD45RA molecule. SIVmac-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors were detected in both blood and lymph node by 7 days post-virus inoculation. These studies indicate that both virus-specific humoral and cellular immune mechanisms in blood and lymph node are associated with the clearance of viremia that occurs within the first month of infection of rhesus monkeys with SIVmac.
Wine, 2. Chemical and Physical Composition (2016)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Extract 3. Physical Characteristics 3.1. Density 3.2. Temperature 3.3. Viscosity 3.4. Surface Tension and Tears 3.5. Refractive Index 4. Chemical Composition 4.1. Organic Constituents 4.1.1. Carbohydrates 4.1.2. Aldehydes 4.1.3. Organic Acids and Carbonic Acid 4.1.4. Alcohols 4.1.5. Esters and Other Aroma Substances 4.1.6. Polyphenols 4.1.7. Nitrogenous Compounds 4.1.8. Vitamins 4.2. Inorganic Constituents 4.2.1. Enological Trace Concentrations 4.2.2. Metal Depletion in the Fermentation and Preparation of Wine 4.2.3. Enological Sample Bank 4.2.4. Essential Trace Elements in Wine 4.2.5. Micronutrients for Vitis vinifera 4.2.6. Enological Trace Element Taxonometry 4.2.7. Enological Isotopic Taxonometry 4.2.8. Enological Element Analysis
ChemInform Abstract: A New Rearrangement in the Methylation of 2‐(Diethylamino)‐3‐(ethoxycarbonyl)‐5‐phenylazepinyl Anion. (1987)

Abstract Base‐catalyzed rearrangement of the carbanion derived from the azepine (I) and subsequent methylation yield the azanorcaradiene (III).
Nondissipative switched networks for high-power applications (1984)

The letter seeks to extend the concepts of active-filter theory to high-power applications. Current-fed switched-capacitor networks and voltage-fed switched-inductor networks are efficient topologies suitable for high-power operation. Passive and active switched networks realised include the transformer, gyrator and a negative inductor using a generalised impedance convertor.
The [4Fe4S] Cluster of Yeast DNA Polymerase ε Is Redox Active and Can Undergo DNA-Mediated Signaling (2021)

Many DNA replication and DNA repair enzymes have been found to carry [4Fe4S] clusters. The major leading strand polymerase, DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, was recently reported to have a [4Fe4S] cluster located within the catalytic domain of the largest subunit, Pol2. Here the redox characteristics of the [4Fe4S] cluster in the context of that domain, Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>, are explored using DNA electrochemistry, and the effects of oxidation and rereduction on polymerase activity are examined. The exonuclease deficient variant D290A/E292A, Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup>, was used to limit DNA degradation. While no redox signal is apparent for Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup> on DNA-modified electrodes, a large cathodic signal centered at -140 mV vs NHE is observed after bulk oxidation. A double cysteine to serine mutant (C665S/C668S) of Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup>, which lacks the [4Fe4S] cluster, shows no similar redox signal upon oxidation. Significantly, protein oxidation yields a sharp decrease in polymerization, while rereduction restores activity almost to the level of untreated enzyme. Moreover, the addition of reduced EndoIII, a bacterial DNA repair enzyme containing [4Fe4S]<sup>2+</sup>, to oxidized Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup> bound to its DNA substrate also significantly restores polymerase activity. In contrast, parallel experiments with EndoIII<sup>Y82A</sup>, a variant of EndoIII, defective in DNA charge transport (CT), does not show restoration of activity of Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup>. We propose a model in which EndoIII bound to the DNA duplex may shuttle electrons through DNA to the DNA-bound oxidized Pol2<sub>CORE</sub>exo<sup>-</sup> via DNA CT and that this DNA CT signaling offers a means to modulate the redox state and replication by Pol ε.
Ethical challenges with CAR T slot allocation with idecabtagene vicleucel manufacturing access. (2022)

e20021 Background: CAR T cell therapies are FDA approved for patients with triple refractory multiple myeloma (MM) and &gt;4 lines of therapy. The median survival of this is group is less than 12 months so salvage therapies need to be implemented quickly. Real-world access to CAR T remains challenging due to supply chain limitations impacting manufacturing. The goal of this study was to evaluate how centers are handling the challenges of CAR T slot allocation. Methods: MM CAR T physician leaders at each CAR T treatment center certified for idecabtagene vicleucel across the US were surveyed. Results: We received responses from 15/20 centers. Summary of CAR T volumes and outcomes of patient on waitlists are shown in the table. The median time on the waiting list was 6 months with only 25% of patients receiving CAR T eventually. For patient selection, all centers reported using a committee of experienced CART physicians to ensure consistency. Selection committee included: primary MD (n=9), CAR T MD (n=12), social workers (n=3), CAR T RN (n=10), APP (n=2), pharmacists (n=2) and ethicists (n=1). To ensure transparency, centers have clear selection criteria (n=10), priority score (n=8) and selection timeline (n=11) . To ensure accountability, centers document priority scores (n=5) and have pre-specified criteria (n=9) for selection. Centers also reported using ethical principles for selection: a) equal treatment: time spent on waiting list (n=8); b) priority to the worst-off: limited therapeutic options (n=10), MM burden (n=7), ineligible for trials (n=2); c) maximize benefit: most likely to complete apheresis (n=8) or infusion (n=8) or achieve response (n=6) and d) social value: younger pts (n=2). Maximizing benefit was considered the most important criterion by 7 centers. Conclusions: More stringent GMP manufacturing requirements with FDA approved CAR T and real-world practice with broader patient demographics can present challenges to implementation of CAR T in standard of practice. Our study is the first attempt to evaluate and highlight existing issues with MM CAR T access and the variability and challenges in patient selection. Learning from other models of resource allocation (ex: UNOS) and sharing experience across centers can help providers optimize slot allocation to improve accrual. Increasing supplies of key reagents and novel manufacturing methods(eg: non-viral vectors and allogeneic CAR) could help overcome these limitations. [Table: see text]
Abstract 1031: Single-cell analysis reveals a possibility of epithelial to circulating tumor cell transition (ECT) when tumor cells enter into the bloodstream (2019)

Tumor cells face the enviormental changes when leave tumor tissue enter into bloodstream. The environmental changes stimulate tumor cells to adapt the new enviorments with cell functional changes. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is well known and it explains the changes relatively in a portion of the circuating tumor cells (CTC) and in the relative later stage. We use the single-cell molecular analysis on house keeping genes, apoptosis genes, metabolism genes, Epithelial genes, EMT genes, metastasis genes, stem cell genes, and proliferation genes. The results reveal that less than half of individual CTCs express normal level of house keeping genes; apoptosis genes are not expressed at the normal level (reduced or not detectable) in the CTCs without house keeping genes expression; the expression of metabolism genes are relatively low especially in the CTCs without GAPDH expression; the expression level of Epithelial genes are low and the EpCAM and KRT7 are undetectable in most CTCs, but KRT8/18/19 are remaining high expression in the CTCs with GAPDH expressed; EMT genes of VIM, Twist1, MMP-2, TGFB1 are highly expressed in CTCs with GAPDH expressed but no or low expression in the CTCs without GAPDH expression; the expression of metastasis genes are relatively high in the CTCs with GAPDH expressed, but not in the CTCs without the expression of GAPDH; the expression of CD44, CD24, Bmi1, Oct-4, CXCR4, CD9, CXCL2, MAPK14 are highly expressed in the CTCs with GAPDH expressed but not in the CTCs without GAPDH expression; CD44 expressed in some CTCs with higher level than CD24, but much more individual CTCs (with GAPDH expressed) showed higher expression of CD24 than that of CD44 per single-cell level; the expression of proliferation genes are reduced in the CTCs with GAPDH expressed and not detectable in the CTCs without GAPDH expression. Based on the results, we hypthesize