gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of lipid-linked octa- through undecasaccharides implicated in the biosynthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannoproteins (1983)

The lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc3-Man9(GlcNAc)2 (Glc, glucose; Man, mannose; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine) serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of the inner core portion of the asparagine-linked polysaccharide of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannoproteins. It has been shown previously that incubation of a microsomal preparation from this organism with UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and GDP-[14C]mannose gives rise to a series of lipid-linked oligosaccharides of the general structure Mann(GlcNAc)2, with n from 1 to 9. A structural characterization of Man1- to Man5(GlcNAc)2 oligosaccharides indicated that the major structures among these were identical to the intermediates proposed for the biosynthesis of animal glycoproteins (C. Prakash and I. K. Vijay, Biochemistry 21:4810-4818, 1982). In the present study, the structural characterization of the Man6- through Man9(GlcNAc)2 species was conducted. The Man6- through Man8(GlcNAc)2 species have two isomers, whereas Man9(GlcNAc)2 is monoisomeric. One isomer each of Man6- through Man8(GlcNAc)2 and the monoisomeric Man9(GlcNAc)2 are identical to the intermediates for the biosynthesis of asparagine-linked glycoproteins in animal systems. It is proposed that the steps of the lipid-linked assembly of the carbohydrate precursor for S. cerevisiae mannoproteins are identical to those of the major pathway in animal systems. A lack of acceptor substrate specificity by the mannosyltransferases, as observed with in vitro studies with animal systems, also might be responsible for the biosynthesis of multiple isomers reported here.
Telmisartan attenuates progression of steatohepatitis in mice: role of hepatic macrophage infiltration and effects on adipose tissue (2009)

In this study, we revealed that Tel attenuated steatohepatitis progression by suppressing the macrophage infiltration into the liver. Tel also affected the reduction of adipocyte size and elevation of serum adiponectin. Tel might serve as a new therapeutic strategy for NASH.
Dyed Guest Host Ferroelectric Devices: 1. A Single Polariser Ultra Fast Dichroic Shutter (1988)

ABSTRACTIn this paper we describe a room temperature single polariser dyed guest-host ferroelectric device using a commercially available ferroelectric host mixture. We show that high director tilt angles are not necessary to produce acceptable contrast ratios and switching times of the order of 100μs or less are attainable. As discussed these are suitable for video line rate applications as well as electro-optic shutters. Surface stabilisation in 5μm thick samples has been observed.
High collection efficiency in fluorescence microscopy with a solid immersion lens (1999)

High efficiency of light collection was demonstrated by applying solid immersion lenses (SILs) with refractive indices n=1.845 and 1.687 to fluorescence microscopy of 0.11-μm-radius dye-doped polystyrene sphere beads. This was analyzed with theories on the radiation of dipoles near the surface of the dielectric medium. The estimated collection efficiency with the NA=0.8 objective and the n=1.845 SIL was about 60%–70%, which well exceeds the diffraction-limit value of 50% for 2π-solid angle collection in conventional methods.
O5.6. REMISSION FROM ANTIPSYCHOTIC TREATMENT IN FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS RELATED TO LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN BRAIN GLUTAMATE LEVELS (2019)

Neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia have linked elevated glutamate metabolite levels to non-remission following antipsychotic treatment and have also indicated that antipsychotics can reduce glutamate metabolite levels. However, the relationship between symptomatic reduction and change in glutamate during initial antipsychotic treatment is unclear. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) measured Glx and glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamus in patients with first episode psychosis (n=23) at clinical presentation, and after 6 weeks and 9 months of treatment with antipsychotic medication. At 9 months, patients were classified into Remission (n=12) and Non-Remission (n=11) subgroups. Healthy volunteers (n=15) were scanned at the same three time-points. Glx levels in the thalamus increased over time in Non-Remitters (P=0.008), such that after 9 months Glx levels were higher in patients who were not in remission than in those who were (P=0.033). No change in thalamic Glx levels over time were evident in the Remission subgroup. In addition, the change in Glx in the thalamus over the 9 months of treatment was positively correlated with the change in the severity of PANSS positive, total and general symptoms (P<0.05). There were no significant effects of group or time on glutamate metabolites in the ACC, and no differences between either patient subgroup and healthy volunteers. These data suggest that the nature of the response to antipsychotic medication may be related to the pattern of changes in glutamatergic metabolite levels over the course of treatment. The findings add to existing evidence linking the response to treatment in schizophrenia to alterations in central glutamate function.
Cochlear implant in prelingually hearing-impaired adults: prognostic factors and results (2021)

Prelingually deafened patients implanted in adulthood achieved satisfactory results. Significantly better results were achieved by patients with better pre-operative speech perception scores, progressive HL and higher level of education.
Optimisation of TP53 reporters by systematic dissection of synthetic TP53 response elements (2023)

This deposition contains supplementary data files and laboratory notebooks of the manuscript 'Systematic dissection of the regulatory logic of transcriptional activation by TP53 binding sites'. In this study, thousands of barcoded TP53 reporters were systematically designed and probed in MCF7 and TP53-KO MCF7 cells upon stimulation with Nutlin-3a. Barcodes in the cDNA were quantified by high-throughput sequencing. Among others, the results demonstrate that TP53 drives transcription cooperatively from adjacent TP53 binding sites, and that the positioning of the TP53 binding sites is crucial for transcriptional activation. The files deposited here include: Laboratory notebooks (pdfs printed from labguru). This includes the generation of the plasmid pools, the library transfection protocols, and the western blotting procedure. Raw gel images etc. are available in this folder. Clustered barcode count files. These are the raw barcode counts that were extracted from the sequencing files and clustered using starcode. A reporter information sheet. This file includes a table containing all relevant reporter information and reporter sequences. A reporter activity sheet. This file includes the calculated reporter activities and can be used to recreate the figures presented in the manuscript. A supplementary table containing the primer sequences used in this study.
Benchmarking a Many-Core Neuromorphic Platform With an MPI-Based DNA Sequence Matching Algorithm (2019)

SpiNNaker is a neuromorphic globally asynchronous locally synchronous (GALS) multi-core architecture designed for simulating a spiking neural network (SNN) in real-time. Several studies have shown that neuromorphic platforms allow flexible and efficient simulations of SNN by exploiting the efficient communication infrastructure optimised for transmitting small packets across the many cores of the platform. However, the effectiveness of neuromorphic platforms in executing massively parallel general-purpose algorithms, while promising, is still to be explored. In this paper, we present an implementation of a parallel DNA sequence matching algorithm implemented by using the MPI programming paradigm ported to the SpiNNaker platform. In our implementation, all cores available in the board are configured for executing in parallel an optimised version of the Boyer-Moore (BM) algorithm. Exploiting this application, we benchmarked the SpiNNaker platform in terms of scalability and synchronisation latency. Experimental results indicate that the SpiNNaker parallel architecture allows a linear performance increase with the number of used cores and shows better scalability compared to a general-purpose multi-core computing platform.
Effects of alendronate on the removal torque of implants in rats with induced osteoporosis. (2003)

These results suggested that implant placement together with treatment of osteoporosis is possible in the ovariectomized rat model.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Reactive Organolanthanides. Synthesis, Chemistry, and Structures of 4f Hydrocarbyls and Hydrides with Chelating Bis(polymethylcyclopentadienyl) Ligands. (1986)

Abstract Die wie aufgezeichnet synthetisierten Li‐dimethylsilylen‐bis‐(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)‐lanthanide (II) reagieren mit Bis‐[trimethylsilyl]‐methyl‐Li zu den Disilylmethyl‐Derivaten (III).
Direction-of-arrival estimation by subspace rotation methods - ESPRIT (2005)

Results of simulations comparing the performance of ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) and the MUSIC (MUltiple Signal Classification) algorithm are presented. ESPRIT exploits an underlying rotational invariance among signal subspaces induced by an array of sensors with a translational invariance structure. In contrast, the MUSIC algorithm uses intersections between the array manifold and the signal subspace to estimate the directions. ESPRIT is shown to have performance advantages over MUSIC in certain scenarios apart from its previously reported implementational advantages.
Social Sensors for Automatic Data Collection (2008)

We propose a social network data collection method that uses wearable social sensors to automatically detect social interactions. This method offers clear advantages over traditional methods since data is automatically collected by electronic sensors rather than humans. We present the design, implementation and deployment of a wearable social sensing platform that can measure and analyze human behavior in a variety of settings and applications. Social sensors are capable of capturing individual and collective patterns of behavior by automatically measuring the amount of face-to-face interaction, conversational dynamics, physical proximity to other people, and physical activity levels. We describe five studies that have been carried out using this platform and discuss other possible application scenarios.
Classifying instantaneous cognitive states from fMRI data (2018)

We consider the problem of detecting the instantaneous cognitive state of a human subject based on their observed functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. Whereas fMRI has been widely used to determine average activation in different brain regions, our problem of automatically decoding instantaneous cognitive states has received little attention. This problem is relevant to diagnosing cognitive processes in neurologically normal and abnormal subjects. We describe a machine learning approach to this problem, and report on its successful use for discriminating cognitive states such as observing a picture versus reading a sentence, and reading a word about people versus reading a word about buildings.
Horizon meeting on cardiovascular physiology: Dedicated to Dr. Mike Sharratt (2018)

This perspective document summarizes discussions held at the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology Annual Meeting in Winnipeg on October 27, 2017, when an expert panel was assembled to discuss the key questions and challenges for future research in cardiovascular exercise physiology. We were inspired by the example of the late Dr. Mike Sharratt, an accomplished and impactful Professor in the Faculty of Kinesiology at the University of Waterloo. Dr. Sharratt had a unique ability to bring experts together and translate theory into action, with a central goal of optimizing the health benefits of exercise, particularly in the fields of cardiac rehabilitation and aging (University of Waterloo Applied Health Science Department 2016; University of Waterloo Health Science Newsletter, 10-1-2017 ( http://uwaterloo.ca/applied-health-sciences/news/remembering-mike-sharratt )).
Interleukin‐12: potential clinical applications in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis (1997)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric cytokine that promotes cell-mediated immunity by facilitating type 1 helper T-lymphocyte responses, inducing the secretion of interferon-gamma from both T and natural killer cells, enhancing the lytic activity of natural killer cells, and augmenting specific cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses. In addition, IL-12 can increase the production of some subclasses of IgG antibodies. IL-12 has been shown to have potent therapeutic effects in a number of animal models of tumours and infectious diseases, including several viral infections. These results have led to the initiation of clinical trials to evaluate the therapeutic potential of IL-12 in human cancer patients and in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The biological activities of IL-12 suggest that it may also have clinical utility in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B or C virus infections. Because of the lack of suitable animal models for evaluating the efficacy of IL-12 in the treatment of infections with these viruses, only a clinical trial in patients with chronic viral hepatitis can address the potential role of IL-12 as an effective treatment for these disorders.
Studies on the mechanism of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I large fragment. Effect of template sequence and substrate variation on termination of synthesis. (1988)

Termination of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I large fragment after processive synthesis on natural and other well-defined template.primer systems has been examined. We found that after any given deoxynucleoside monophosphate incorporation termination occurs in a nonrandom manner with phi X174 DNA as template: Termination is much more likely at some nucleotide residues along the template than at others. Analysis of these stronger termination sites indicates that the template base:incoming nucleotide combination influences termination. Introduction of a double-stranded region along the phi X174 template induces termination, and reducing dNTP concentrations or substituting 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-O-(1-thio)triphosphate substrates also increases termination. Observations with the phi X174 DNA template system were extended with a defined template containing 1 inosine residue in an otherwise d(T)n homopolymer. Termination at the I residue is modulated by dCTP and decreases as dCTP concentration increases. A similar relationship is seen with the dCTP (1-thio) derivative, but termination is higher at given concentrations of this derivative than with dCTP. Pyrophosphate decreases general processivity in this system, but does not counteract the effect of increasing dCTP. Hill plot analysis of the dCTP effect in the inosine-containing template system gave a linear plot with Hill coefficient of 0.34, suggesting that dCTP influences termination at several steps in the polymerase reaction scheme. Substituting a methylated template base for I also increased termination, producing very strong blocks to processive synthesis. The results are consistent with a model in which termination occurs with several enzyme forms that are in equilibrium in an ordered catalytic mechanism.
Scalable Purification of Boron Nitride Nanotubes via Wet Thermal Etching (2019)

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) are poised to fill an electrically insulating, high-temperature, high-strength niche. Despite significant progress over the past two decades, BNNTs are not yet synthesized in high enough quantity and quality to permit their use in engineering applications. The next necessary step to make BNNTs accessible for research and applications is to improve the availability of high-quality BNNTs. Here, we present a scalable bulk purification technique that yields high-purity BNNTs. Bulk synthesized material is introduced to a wet oxygen environment at elevated temperatures to remove elemental boron and hexagonal boron nitride impurities with a final yield of purified BNNTs near 10 wt %. This process shows full removal of impurities, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy show minimal BNNT functionalization, while high-resolution TEM shows damage to large-diameter BNNTs.
Cardiogenesis From Human Embryonic Stem Cells - Mechanisms and Applications - (2010)

Over the past decade, the ability to culture and differentiate human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has offered researchers a novel therapeutic that may, for the first time, repair regions of the damaged heart. Studies of cardiac development in lower organisms have led to identification of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily (eg, activin A and bone morphogenic protein 4) and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as key inducers of mesoderm and cardiovascular differentiation. These factors act in a context-specific manner (eg, Wnt/β-catenin is required initially to form mesoderm but must be antagonized thereafter to make cardiac muscle). Different lines of ESCs produce different levels of agonists and antagonists for these pathways, but with careful optimization, highly enriched populations of immature cardiomyocytes can be generated. These cardiomyocytes survive transplantation to infarcted hearts of experimental animals, where they create new human myocardial tissue and improve heart function. The grafts generated by cell transplantation have been small, however, leading to an exploration of tissue engineering as an alternate strategy. Engineered tissue generated from preparations of human cardiomyocytes survives poorly after transplantation, most likely because of ischemia. Creation of pre-organized vascular networks in the tissue markedly enhances survival, with human capillaries anastomosed to the host coronary circulation. Thus, pathways controlling formation of the human cardiovascular system are emerging, yielding the building blocks for tissue regeneration that may address the root causes of heart failure.
A New Option for Treating Chorea Associated with Huntington Disease (2016)

Deutetrabenazine is a formulation of tetrabenazine that contains deuterium. The deuterium dampens CYP2D6 metabolism and increases the half-life of the drug. To evaluate safety and efficacy of deutetrabenazine for the treatment of chorea in Huntington disease, researchers conducted a double-blind study, with 90 patients randomized to deutetrabenazine or placebo. Both groups were titrated to an optimal dose during an 8-week period. This dose was …
A SEQUENCE OF BIOCHEMICAL EVENTS IN THE ANTIGEN-INDUCED RELEASE OF CHEMICAL MEDIATORS FROM SENSITIZED HUMAN LUNG TISSUE (1973)

Five sequential steps interspaced between the antigen activation of human lung fragments sensitized with IgE and the release of the chemical mediators, histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), have been delineated. The experimental design that permits this analysis is based upon the capacity to maintain the serine esterase essential to mediator release in its diisopropylphosphofluoridate (DFP)-resistant precursor state despite antigen challenge and upon the ability to arrest reversibly the reaction sequence by various manipulations. When sensitized lung fragments are challenged with antigen in the presence of DFP, a serine esterase is converted to its active DFP-inhibitable state; this conversion is prevented if antigen challenge in the presence of DFP occurs in calcium-free buffer indicating that immunologic activation of the esterase requires extracellular calcium. The fact that calcium depletion alone does not impair antigen-induced histamine release implies that prevention of esterase activation depends upon both the absence of extracellular calcium and the inactivation of any active esterase by DFP to prevent an autocatalytic feedback activation. Arresting the antigen-induced activation of the serine esterase by the combination of DFP in calcium-free buffer precludes the sequence from reaching the labile, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG)-inhibitable, energy-requiring step, indicating that proesterase activation precedes this energy-requiring stage. The 2-DG-inhibitable step precedes a second calcium-requiring, EDTA-inhibitable stage, as EDTA prevents glucose reversal of 2-DG inhibition of antigen-challenged tissue, while the presence of 2-DG does not prevent calcium reversal of EDTA inhibition. The finding that isoproterenol prevents calcium reversal of EDTA inhibition of mediator release suggests that the inhibitory site of action of increased concentrations of cyclic AMP is coincident with or subsequent to the second calcium-requiring, EDTA-inhibitable step. Therefore, the sequence of biochemical events initiated by the interaction of antigen with tissue-fixed IgE antibodies appears to proceed from the calcium-requiring activation of a DFP-sensitive serine esterase; the further autocatalytic activation of the esterase; a 2-DG-inhibitable energy requirement; a second calcium-requiring, EDTA-inhibitable stage; and a cyclic AMP-inhibitable step to the release of histamine and SRS-A.
A frequency agile air-interface for inter-vehicle communication (2003)

One of the most promising deployment areas of mobile ad hoc networks are inter-vehicle communication and road telematics. The diverse spectrum of applications requires the full range from low to high data rates. To provide broadband services with moderate terminal complexity and explore the available radio spectrum at the same time, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) should be introduced. In the FleetNet project an appropriate air-interface based on UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Time Division Duplex (UTRA TDD) is under development. One component is the novel FDMA concept, which is introduced in this paper, and which enters an evolutionary path towards higher data rates. The concept takes into account the complexity of the hardware, the distributed character of self-organizing networks, and the efficient exploration of the scarce frequency spectrum. Simulation results for the new decentralized FDMA scheme show high and efficient utilization of available resources.
N,N-Dimethyl-N′-[(1E,2E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enylidene]benzene-1,4-diamine and N,N-dimethyl-4-[(1E,3E)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)buta-1,3-dienyl]-1-naphthylamine (2003)

Syntheses and X-ray structural investigations have been carried out for the two title compounds, viz. C(17)H(17)N(3)O(2), (I), and C(22)H(20)N(2)O(2), (II). The molecular skeleton of (I) is slightly non-planar; the dihedral angles between the conjugated linkage and the p-(dimethylamino)phenyl ring, and between the linkage and the p-nitrophenyl ring are 13.0 (2) and 13.8 (2) degrees, respectively. The dihedral angle between the slightly pyramidal dimethylamine substituent and the aromatic ring is 23.3 (1) degrees. The molecular skeleton of (II) is not planar; the dihedral angles between the conjugated linkage and the naphthalene ring, and between the linkage and the substituted phenyl ring are 36.1 (2) and 2.7 (3) degrees, respectively. The dimethylamine substituent in (II) has a pyramidal geometry; the dihedral angle between this substituent and the naphthalene ring is 71.7 (1) degrees. The dihedral angle between the nitro group and the plane of the substituted phenyl ring is 9.0 (3) degrees. There is a weak intermolecular C-H.O hydrogen bond in the crystal structure of (II), which links the molecules into centrosymmetric dimers. Molecular mechanics calculations of molecular conformations have shown that the crystal environment influences the conformation more in (I) than in (II).