gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lossless chain coder for gray edge images (2004)

This paper proposes an efficient method for lossless coding of gray level edge images, which are frequently used in image processing. The method consists of analyzing the edge image in connected sets of pixels by means of chain coding as a function of its starting points, their relative intensities and their displacements within these sets. In order to avoid the redundant information a DPCM coder is used. Then the pixel intensities, the costly information, are coded by an arithmetic encoder, and the rest (coordinates, displacements and movements) by a Huffman encoder, which is less demanding in terms of hardware and software than the first one. For this type of images, the proposed method provides lossless compression rates higher than the commonly used lossless methods. Results show that the proposed method can provide for this type of images 20-78% better compression when compared with the best available methods, and 19% better compression when compared with JPEG-LS (arithmetic version).
‘Design and operational guidance on cathodic protection of offshore structures, subsea installations and pipelines’ (1991)

"‘Design and operational guidance on cathodic protection of offshore structures, subsea installations and pipelines’." British Corrosion Journal, 26(3), pp. 169–170
Sputtering deposition of magnetic Ni nanoparticles directly onto an enzyme surface: a novel method to obtain a magnetic biocatalyst (2013)

A simple one-step method based on the sputtering deposition of Ni nanoparticles (NP) has been developed for the production of magnetic biocatalysts, avoiding the complications and drawbacks of methods based on chemical functionalisation or coating of magnetic NP. This new technique provided high levels of recovery, reusability and catalytic activity for the lipase-Ni biocatalyst.
The Set Union Problem with Unlimited Backtracking (1994)

An extension of the disjoint set union problem is considered, where the extra primitive backtrack $(i)$ can undo the last i unions not yet undone. Let n be the total number of elements in all the sets. A data structure is presented that supports each union and find in $O({{\log n} / {\log \log n}})$ worst-case time and each backtrack$(i)$ in $O(1)$ worst-case time, irrespective of i. The total space required by the data structure is $O(n)$. A byproduct of this construction is a partially persistent data structure for the standard set union problem, capable of supporting union, find, and find-in-the-past operations, each in $O({{\log n} / {\log \log n}})$ worst-case time. All these upper bounds are tight for the class of separable-pointer algorithms as well as in the cell probe model of computation.
Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of Colicin Plasmids E1 and E2 After Mu Bacteriophage Infection (1974)

Cells colicinogenic for the colicin plasmids E1 or E2 (Col E1 and Col E2, respectively) were selected for a loss of colicin production after infection with bacteriophage Mu. Extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid that was larger than the original colicin plasmids was found in such cells. A small insertion mutant in Col E1 deoxyribonucleic acid affecting active colicin production without affecting either expression of colicin immunity or Col E1 deoxyribonucleic acid replication was found. Cells carrying this Col E1 plasmid mutant do not exhibit the lethal event associated with colicin E1 induction, suggesting that synthesis of active colicin is required for killing during induction. The altered Col E2 plasmid, containing an insertion at least as large as phage Mu, was maintained unstably in the mutants examined.
Plasma Cocaine Metabolite and Liver CYP450 3A4 Isoenzyme Levels as Indicators of Cocaine Dependence in Rats Treated with Nutritional Supplements (2015)

The effects that chronic cocaine administration (CCA) have on craving, cocaine metabolite concentrations and cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme (CYP450 3A4) activities in Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of Salako Nutritional Supplements (SNS) were examined. Five groups of fifty rats were used to assess the effect of the SNS following CCA. Craving was analyzed for each rat using a Conditioned Place Preference protocol. Blood samples were obtained at regular intervals and used to measure cocaine plasma metabolite levels. CYP450 3A4 activity was determined in the liver. Administration of the SNS reduced craving of cocaine significantly, upon discontinuing cocaine in the rats. Blood plasma analysis showing higher benzoylecgonine equilibrium and the CYP450 3A4 levels demonstrated that the SNS possibly aided in the removal of the stored metabolites indicative of increased metabolism of cocaine, enhanced by the Supplements. Results indicate that the SNS formulation reduces craving caused by CCA by increasing the liver CYP450 3A4 activity, resulting in better plasma clearance.
Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes (1997)

It has been recognized that Raman scattering spectroscopy is a powerful tool to characterize SiC crystals non-destructively. We review recent significant developments in the use of Raman scattering to study structural and electronic properties of SiC crystals. The areas to be discussed in the first part include polytype identification, evaluation of stacking disorder and ion-implantation damages, and stress evaluation. The Raman scattering by electronic transitions is discussed in the second part of this article. We concentrate on the plasmon LO-phonon coupled modes whose spectral profiles are used to evaluate the carrier concentration and mobility. Anisotropic electronic properties of α-SiC and characteristics of heavily doped crystals are discussed. Semiconductor-to-metal transition and Fano interference effect are also treated.
RGS Regulation of Gαi2 in the Mouse Hippocampus Modulates 5‐HT1A Receptor Mediated Antidepressant‐Like Activity (2015)

Regulators of G‐protein signaling (RGS) are negative regulators of heterotrimeric G protein coupled receptor signaling. A single point mutation (G184S) in Gαi2 abolishes the RGS negative regulatory effects. Mice expressing two knock‐in copies of this RGS insensitive (RGSi) Gαi2 protein display a robust antidepressant‐like phenotype due to increased 5‐HT1A receptor (5‐HT1AR) signaling. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the 5‐HT1ARs in the hippocampus are critical determinants of the phenotype. Mice (C57BL6) expressing RGSi‐Gαi2 and their wild‐type littermates were implanted with intra‐hippocampal drug infusion cannulae. Antidepressant‐like activity was evaluated by measuring time spent immobile in the tail suspension test (TST). The RGSi‐Gαi2 mice showed decreased immobility in the TST and this was reversed by infusion of the selective 5‐HT1AR antagonist WAY‐100635 (WAY) directly into the hippocampus. Conversely, direct hippocampal infusion of the 5‐HT1AR agonist 8‐OH‐DPAT produced decreased immobility in wild type mice that was reversed by the peripheral administration of WAY. Peripheral, but not hippocampal, administration of 8‐OH‐DPAT to wild‐type mice caused a 5‐HT1AR‐mediated hypothermia. The mutant mice showed no differences in 5‐HT1AR or Gα protein expression in the hippocampus compared with their wild‐type littermates. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the antidepressant‐like phenotype in the RGSi‐Gαi2 knock‐in mice is due to altered 5‐HT1AR signaling in the hippocampus. These findings identify hippocampal 5‐HT1AR specifically coupled to Gαi2, and the RGS proteins that regulate them, as potential targets for antidepressant medications. Supported by MH097012 and GM007767.
Holographic aperture ladar with range compression (2017)

Simultaneous range compression and aperture synthesis is experimentally demonstrated with a stepped linear frequency modulated waveform and holographic aperture ladar. The resultant three-dimensional (3D) data has high resolution in the aperture synthesis dimension and is recorded using a conventional low bandwidth focal plane array. Individual cross-range field segments are coherently combined using data driven registration and phase correction methods allowing range compression to be performed without the benefit of a coherent waveform. Furthermore, we demonstrate a synergistically enhanced ability to discriminate image objects due to the coaction of range compression and aperture synthesis. We show that two objects can be precisely located in 3D space, despite being unresolved in two directions, due to resolution gains in both the range and azimuth cross-range dimensions.
Self-starting condition for additive-pulse mode-locked lasers (1990)

We analyze self-starting in additive-pulse mode-locked lasers and find that dynamic gain saturation can play a determining role. A simple condition for self-starting is presented for comparison with experiments on different laser systems.
Biomedical Applications of Supramolecular Systems Based on Host–Guest Interactions (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTBiomedical Applications of Supramolecular Systems Based on Host–Guest InteractionsXing Ma†‡ and Yanli Zhao*†‡View Author Information† Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore‡ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 15, 7794–7839Publication Date (Web):November 21, 2014Publication History Received22 July 2014Published online21 November 2014Published inissue 12 August 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500392wCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views56117Altmetric-Citations868LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (49 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Drug delivery,Gene delivery,Nanoparticles,Pharmaceuticals,Supramolecular chemistry Get e-Alerts
Homogenkatalytische Oxidation von Arenen und eine neue Synthese von Vitamin K3 (1994)

Die Methyltrioxorhenium(VII)katalysierte Oxidation von 2‐methylnaphthalin 1 mit Wasserstoffperoxid führt in guter Ausbeute und hoher Regioselektivität zu Vitamin K 3 2. Bei der jetzt noch üblichen industriellen Synthese von 2 mit Chromsäure entstehen pro Kilogramm Produkt 18 kg chromhaltiger Abfall. magnified image
Theoretical Analysis of an Implantable Force Transducer for Tendon and Ligament Structures (1992)

A mathematical model was developed for an implantable force transducer to be inserted within the midsubstance of a ligament or tendon. The model was generated by performing both equilibrium and strain-displacement analyses on a metallic, curved beam structure placed within a parallel-fibered tissue. The analysis permitted the transverse pressure acting between the device and fibers to be calculated along with peak device strain and sensitivity (ratio of strain output to axial tissue force). Transducer pressure and transducer strain were expressed in terms of nondimensionalized design factors. A parametric analysis of the key design factors was then performed. The transverse pressure was shown to vary little for large changes in these factors whereas device strain changed markedly. The analysis was verified by a bench test on an example device. Such a model permits a proposed design to be evaluated without having to conduct costly experiments.
Epithelial retinoic acid receptor β regulates serum amyloid A expression and vitamin A-dependent intestinal immunity (2019)

Vitamin A is a dietary component that is essential for the development of intestinal immunity. Vitamin A is absorbed and converted to its bioactive derivatives retinol and retinoic acid by the intestinal epithelium, yet little is known about how epithelial cells regulate vitamin A-dependent intestinal immunity. Here we show that epithelial cell expression of the transcription factor retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) is essential for vitamin A-dependent intestinal immunity. Epithelial RARβ activated vitamin A-dependent expression of serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins by binding directly to <i>Saa</i> promoters. In accordance with the known role of SAAs in regulating Th17 cell effector function, epithelial RARβ promoted IL-17 production by intestinal Th17 cells. More broadly, epithelial RARβ was required for the development of key vitamin A-dependent adaptive immune responses, including CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell homing to the intestine and the development of IgA-producing intestinal B cells. Our findings provide insight into how the intestinal epithelium senses dietary vitamin A status to regulate adaptive immunity, and highlight the role of epithelial cells in regulating intestinal immunity in response to diet.
Artificial Immune Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 11172) (2011)

This report documents the program and the outcomes of the Dagstuhl Seminar 11172 ``Artificial Immune Systems''. The purpose of the seminar was to bring together researchers from the areas of immune-inspired computing, theoretical computer science, randomised search heuristics, engineering, swarm intelligence and computational immunology in a highly interdisciplinary seminar to discuss two main issues: first, how to best develop a more rigorous theoretical framework for algorithms inspired by the immune system and second, to discuss suitable application areas for immune-inspired systems and how best to exploit the properties of those algorithms.
Patient perceptions of pain management and opioid use prior to hip arthroplasty (2023)

Qualitative assessment demonstrates that patients may benefit from education and discussion specifically about pain expectations, the role of opioids in treating pain, multimodal analgesia, and proper storage and disposal.
Insomnia and Telomere Length in Older Adults (2016)

Insomnia is associated with shorter PBMC telomere length in adults aged 70-88 y, but not in those younger than 70 y, suggesting that clinically severe sleep disturbances may increase cellular aging, especially in the later years of life. These findings highlight insomnia as a vulnerability factor in later life, with implications for risk for diseases of aging.
Equilibrium of a Radially Symmetric Inhomogeneous Plate Under Tension and Load (1997)

This paper studies a mathematical model for small deflections of a radially symmetric strongly inhomogeneous elastic plate under a normal load and tension in the center plane. The type of inhomogeneity studied occurs in injection molded plastics. The model consists of a Dirichlet boundary value problem for a linear fourth-order ordinary differential equation. A general expression is derived for physically reasonable solutions under relatively broad restrictions on the inhomogeneity and load. The solutions are analyzed and interpreted in terms of their physical significance.
Extracting chatbot knowledge from online discussion forums (2007)

This paper presents a novel approach for extracting high-quality &amp;lt;thread-title, reply&amp;gt; pairs as chat knowledge from online discussion forums so as to efficiently support the construction of a chatbot for a certain domain. Given a forum, the high-quality &amp;lt;thread-title, reply&amp;gt; pairs are extracted using a cascaded framework. First, the replies logically relevant to the thread title of the root message are extracted with an SVM classifier from all the replies, based on correlations such as structure and content. Then, the extracted &amp;lt;thread-title, reply&amp;gt; pairs are ranked with a ranking SVM based on their content qualities. Finally, the Top-N &amp;lt;thread-title, reply&amp;gt; pairs are selected as chatbot knowledge. Results from experiments conducted within a movie
Targeted Screening and Identification of Chlorhexidine as a Pro-myogenic Circadian Clock Activator (2023)

Abstract Background Circadian clock is an evolutionarily-conserved mechanism that exerts pervasive temporal control in stem cell behavior. This time-keeping machinery is required for orchestrating myogenic progenitor properties in regenerative myogenesis that ameliorates muscular dystrophy. Here we report a screening platform to discover circadian clock modulators that promote myogenesis, with the identification of chlorhexidine (CHX) as a clock-activating molecule with pro-myogenic activities. Methods A high-throughput molecular docking pipeline was applied to identify candidate compounds with a structural fit for a hydrophobic pocket within the key circadian transcription factor protein, Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK). Secondary biochemical screen for clock-modulatory activities of these molecules were preformed, together with functional validations of myogenic regulations to identify modulators with pro-myogenic properties. Results CHX was identified as a clock activator that promotes distinct aspects of myogenesis. CHX activated circadian clock that reduced cycling period length and augmented amplitude. This action was mediated by the targeted CLOCK structure via augmented interaction with heterodimer partner Bmal1, leading to enhanced CLOCK/Bmal1-controlled transcription with up-regulation of core clock genes. Consistent with its clock-activating function, CHX displayed robust effects on stimulating myogenic differentiation in a clock-dependent manner. In addition, CHX augmented the proliferative and migratory activities of myoblasts. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of a screening platform to discover clock modulators with myogenic regulatory activities. Discovery of CHX as a pro-myogenic molecule could be applicable to promote regenerative capacities in ameliorating dystrophic or degenerative muscle diseases.
Friction Stir Welding Of Ma957 Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ferritic Steel (2005)

A 1-in. (25.4 mm) diameter yttria-dispersion-strengthened MA957 ferritic steel alloy tube with a 0.125 (3.18 mm) wall thickness was successfully plasticized by friction stir welding. The pin tool was a W-Re tool with 0.125 (3.17 mm) diameter tip. It showed no discernable wear for the total 12 (305 mm) of weld. Weld conditions were 1000 and 1400 RPM, 4 in/min (101 mm/min), with and without preheating to 135oC. Metallographic analysis of the post friction-stir welded material showed a decrease in material hardness to 225±22 HV compared to the parent material at 373±21 HV. All weld conditions produced plasticization; however, improved plasticization was observed for preheated samples
Visual methods for three-dimensional modeling (2008)

Most animals use vision as a primary sensor to interact with their environment. Navigation or manipulation of objects are among the tasks that can be better achieved while understanding the three-dimensional structure of the scene. In this thesis, we present a variety of computational techniques for estimating 3D shape from 2D images, based on both passive and active technologies. The first proposed method is purely passive. In this technique, a single camera is moved in an unconstrained manner around the scene to model as it acquires a sequence of images. The reconstruction process consists then of retrieving the trajectory of the camera, as well as the 3D structure of the scene using only the information contained in the images. The second method is based on active lighting technology. In the philosophy of standard 3D scanning methods, a projector is used to project light patterns in the scene. The shape of the scene is then inferred from the way the patterns deform on the objects. The main novelty of our scheme compared to traditional methods is in the nature of the patterns, and the type of image processing associated to them. Instead of using standard binary patterns made out of black and white stripes, our scheme uses a sequence of grayscale patterns with a sinusoidal profile in brightness intensity. This choice allows us to establish correspondence (between camera image, and projector image) in a dense fashion, leading to depth computation at (almost) every pixel in the image. The last reconstruction method that we propose in this thesis is an alternative 3D scanning scheme that does not require any other device besides a camera. The main idea is to substitute the projector by a standard light source (such as a desk lamp), and use a pencil (or any other object with a straight edge) to cast planar shadows in the scene. The 3D geometry of the scene is then inferred from the way the shadow naturally deforms on the objects in the scene. Since this technology is largely inspired from structured lighting techniques, we call it 'weakly structured lighting.'
Application of Propiscin – a safe anesthetic for huchen, Hucho hucho (L.) culture (2013)

Anesthetics are a group of pharmaceuticals that have been used primarily in intensive fish culture to immobilize fishes and to reduce the effects of stress and mortality during and after manipulation and when transporting large stocks of fish. Nonetheless, many studies have shown that the majority of the anesthetics applied at present have strong toxic effects on fish; thus, it is possible to anesthetize fish only for short periods. Propiscin, a new anesthetic, has been tested successfully, and it allows fish to be anesthetized for up to 30 minutes. Propiscin is a 0.2% stabilized solution of etomidate which can be administered either as a bath or an aerosol. When administered correctly, the required cessation of sense perception and motor reflexes in fish can be obtained in about 2-4 minutes, depending on water temperature and fish size. Clinical tests were conducted on many fish species, including huchen. The results of this study showed that Propiscin is a safe, minimally toxic, very effective product for reducing the impact of polyethiological stress in huchen culture.
Abolished angiogenicity and tumorigenicity of Burkitt lymphoma by interleukin-10 (2000)

Because of its immunosuppressive properties, interleukin-10 (IL-10) is thought to play an important role in a number of human disease states, including inflammation, autoimmunity, and transplant rejection. In this study, we demonstrate that introduction of human or viral IL-10 genes into Burkitt's lymphoma cells markedly reduced their ability to grow as subcutaneous (sc) tumors in SCID mice. In vivo assays for angiogenesis revealed an inhibition of the angiogenic capacity of the IL-10–transfected lines. Recombinant human IL-10 abolished and viral IL-10 reduced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-165–induced neovascularization. Furthermore, IL-10 blocked the VEGF- and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2–induced proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. The current observations suggest a direct role for IL-10 in the prevention of angiogenesis in human lymphoid malignancies.