gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hormonal control of transcription from two mammary specific promoters in a rat mammary epithelial cell line (1996)

Conference Article| August 01 1996 Hormonal control of transcription from two mammary specific promoters in a rat mammary epithelial cell line IAIN C. KILTY; IAIN C. KILTY 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, P.O.BOX 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PHILIP S. RUDLAND; PHILIP S. RUDLAND 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, P.O.BOX 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROGER BARRACLOUGH ROGER BARRACLOUGH 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, P.O.BOX 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (3): 351S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024351s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation IAIN C. KILTY, PHILIP S. RUDLAND, ROGER BARRACLOUGH; Hormonal control of transcription from two mammary specific promoters in a rat mammary epithelial cell line. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1996; 24 (3): 351S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024351s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Model-based mask data preparation (MB-MDP) for ArF and EUV mask process correction (2011)

Using Model-Based Mask Data Preparation (MB-MDP) complex masks with complex sub-resolution assist features (SRAFs) can be written in practical write times with today's leading-edge production VSB machines by allowing overlapping VSB shots. This simulation-based approach reduces shot count by taking advantage of the added flexibility in being able to overlap shots. The freedom to overlap shots, it turns out, also increases mask fidelity, CDU on the mask, and CDU on the wafer by writing sub-100nm mask features more accurately, and with better dose margin. This paper describes how overlapping shots enhance mask and wafer quality for various sub-100nm features on ArF masks. In addition, this paper describes how EUV mask accuracy can be enhanced uniquely by allowing overlapping shots.
Wearable Sensors for Reliable Fall Detection (2005)

Unintentional falls are a common cause of severe injury in the elderly population. By introducing small, non-invasive sensor motes in conjunction with a wireless network, the Ivy Project aims to provide a path towards more independent living for the elderly. Using a small device worn on the waist and a network of fixed motes in the home environment, we can detect the occurrence of a fall and the location of the victim. Low-cost and low-power MEMS accelerometers are used to detect the fall while RF signal strength is used to locate the person.
Alzheimer disease specific phosphoepitopes of Tau interfere with assembly of tubulin but not binding to microtubules (2008)

In Alzheimer disease (AD)-affected neurons, the Tau protein is found in an aggregated and hyperphosphorylated state. A common hypothesis is that Tau hyperphosphorylation causes its dissociation from the microtubular surface, with consequently a breakdown of the microtubules (MTs) and aggregation of the unbound Tau. We evaluated the effect of Tau phosphorylation on both tubulin assembly and MT binding. We show that the cyclin-dependent kinase 2/cyclin A3 kinase complex can generate the AT8 and AT180 AD-specific phospho-epitopes and use NMR spectroscopy to validate qualitatively and quantitatively the phospho content of our samples. The simultaneous presence of both epitopes disables the tubulin assembly capacity of Tau in conditions whereby Tau is the driving force for the assembly process but does not, however, inhibit MT assembly when the latter is driven by an increased tubulin concentration. When compared to the isolated MT binding repeats (K(d)=0.3 microM), the phospho-Tau retains a substantial affinity for preformed MTs (K(d)=11 nM), suggesting that the phosphorylated proline-rich region still participates in the binding event. Our results hence indicate that the sole phosphorylation at the AT8/AT180 epitopes, although leading to a functional defect for Tau, is not sufficient for its dissociation from the MT surface and subsequent aggregation as observed in AD.
New Alkaloids and Anti-inflammatory Constituents from the Leaves of Antidesma ghaesembilla (2017)

Using various chromatographic methods, two new alkaloids, antidesoic acids A (1) and B (2) along with fourteen known compounds (3-16) were isolated from the leaves of Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaertn. Their chemical structures were elucidated by physical and chemical methods. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in BV2 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages. Bisflavone 8 significantly inhibited LPS- stimulated NO production in BV2 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC₅₀ values of 5.4 and 8.0 μM, respectively. Compounds 1-3, 7, 10, 12, 14, and 16 showed moderate inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values ranging from 11.7 to 77.4 μM.
Study on high blood viscosity, with special reference to paraproteinemia (1977)

The clinical syndrome secondary to the elevated blood viscosity, called as “serum hyperviscosity syndrome”, “blood high viscosity syndrome”, or “syndrome of hyperviscosity” has been paid attention recently. In clinical practice we frequently see hyperviscosity syndrome associated with paraproteinemia. We present hemorheological studies on eleven cases of multiple myelomas (IgG 6 and IgA 5) and two cases of macroglobulinemia. Among eleven cases multiple myelomas two patients manifested epistaxis and gingival bleeding presumably due to hyperviscosity of the blood.We measured blood viscosity by using capillary viscometer and Brookfield microviscometer at 37°C and 20°C respectively. The plasma relative viscosities of thirteen cases at 37°C ranged between 1.84 and 4.47 with the avarage 2.69 (normal 1.72±0.06). The whole blood viscosities at 37°C 115sec-1 fell between 3.25 and 6.09cp with the average 4.88cp (normal 4.2±0.3). The only 500% of cases revealed abnormal viscosity of whole blood. The plasma containing a large amount of paraprotein showed nonnewtonian behavior. The clear relation was noted between paraprotein concentration and plasma relative viscosity. The shear dependency (ηWB11.5sec-1/ηWB230sec-1) was follow: IgG<IgA<IgM.The rheological properties of blood containing a large amount of paraprotein and cryoglobulin are extremely complicated and further investigation on cases of hyperviscosity are required in varing temperature.
Inaccuracies in program profilers (1988)

Abstract Run‐time program profiling is a valuable tool in understanding software efficiency. Techniques for obtaining profiles make assumptions that may result in misleading data. In the paper we illustrate flaws in two profiling systems: the Unix ‘Gprof’ family (including the packages ‘monitor’, ‘prof’ and ‘profil’), and the TI Explorer metering package for Lisp.
Apoplastic pH and Monolignol Addition Rate Effects on Lignin Formation and Cell Wall Degradability in Maize (2003)

Monolignol polymerization rate and apoplastic pH and may influence the formation of lignin and its interactions in cell walls. Primary maize walls were artificially lignified by gradual "end-wise" or rapid "bulk" polymerization of coniferyl alcohol at pH 4 or 5.5. Lignification efficiency was greatest for end-wise polymers at pH 5.5 (90-98%), intermediate for bulk polymers formed at either pH (54-82%), and lowest for end-wise polymers at pH 4 (41-53%). End-wise polymers had about 2.2-fold more ether inter-unit linkages and 70% fewer end-groups than bulk polymers. Low pH enhanced the formation of ether linkages in end-wise but not in bulk polymers. Differences in lignin structure did not influence the enzymatic degradability of cell walls, but lowering apoplastic pH from 5.5 to 4.0 during lignification reduced cell wall degradability by 25%. Further studies indicated this pH-dependent depression in degradability was related to cell wall cross-links formed via lignin quinone methide intermediates.
TOR coordinates nucleotide availability with ribosome biogenesis in plants (2020)

ABSTRACT TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) is a conserved eukaryotic Ser/Thr protein kinase that coordinates growth and metabolism with nutrient availability. We conducted a medium-throughput functional genetic screen to discover essential genes that promote TOR activity in plants, and identified a critical regulatory enzyme, cytosolic phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase (PRS4). PRS4 synthesizes cytosolic PRPP, a key upstream metabolite in nucleotide synthesis and salvage pathways. We found that prs4 knockouts are embryo-lethal in A. thaliana , and that silencing PRS4 expression in N. benthamiana causes pleiotropic developmental phenotypes, including dwarfism, aberrant leaf shape, and delayed flowering. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ribosome biogenesis is among the most strongly repressed processes in prs4 knockdowns. Building on these results, we discovered that TOR activity is inhibited by chemical or genetic disruption of nucleotide biosynthesis, but that this effect can be reversed by supplying plants with physiological levels of nucleotides. Finally, we show that TOR transcriptionally promotes nucleotide biosynthesis to support the demands of ribosomal RNA synthesis. We propose that TOR coordinates ribosome biogenesis with nucleotide availability in plants to maintain metabolic homeostasis and support growth.
Klebsiella pneumoniae: Going on the Offense with a Strong Defense (2016)

Klebsiella pneumoniae causes a wide range of infections, including pneumonias, urinary tract infections, bacteremias, and liver abscesses. Historically, K. pneumoniae has caused serious infection primarily in immunocompromised individuals, but the recent emergence and spread of hypervirulent strains have broadened the number of people susceptible to infections to include those who are healthy and immunosufficient. Furthermore, K. pneumoniae strains have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, rendering infection by these strains very challenging to treat. The emergence of hypervirulent and antibiotic-resistant strains has driven a number of recent studies. Work has described the worldwide spread of one drug-resistant strain and a host defense axis, interleukin-17 (IL-17), that is important for controlling infection. Four factors, capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, and siderophores, have been well studied and are important for virulence in at least one infection model. Several other factors have been less well characterized but are also important in at least one infection model. However, there is a significant amount of heterogeneity in K. pneumoniae strains, and not every factor plays the same critical role in all virulent Klebsiella strains. Recent studies have identified additional K. pneumoniae virulence factors and led to more insights about factors important for the growth of this pathogen at a variety of tissue sites. Many of these genes encode proteins that function in metabolism and the regulation of transcription. However, much work is left to be done in characterizing these newly discovered factors, understanding how infections differ between healthy and immunocompromised patients, and identifying attractive bacterial or host targets for treating these infections.
Expression of gelatinases A and B and their tissue inhibitors by cells of early and term human placenta and gestational endometrium. (1994)

The gelatinases A and B and their tissue inhibitors are thus expressed by specific cells in early and late placental beds and villi. This pattern of expression varies during pregnancy. Therefore, our morphologic study supports biologic findings suggesting that these proteins may participate in placentation.
Process Variation Analysis and Optimization of a FinFET-Based VCO (2017)

Fin-type field-effect transistors (FinFETs) are promising substitutes for bulk CMOS for nanoscale technologies. In this paper, the viability of a mixed-signal design for FinFET-based technologies using a nanoscale current-starved voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is investigated. Design issues are analyzed and a comparison between a CMOS VCO and a FinFET-based VCO is presented. The figures-of-merit used for comparison are center frequency and frequency-voltage (f-V) characteristics under process variation. Models are developed for the f-V characteristics of both the CMOS and FinFET VCOs. In addition, width quantization-aware modeling has been performed for the FinFET-based VCO using a polynomial metamodel, which can be used for further optimization. The quantization aware modeling is highly accurate as evident from a correlation coefficient R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of 0.999 and root mean square error of 6.2 MHz. The FinFET VCO has 5.5× faster oscillation frequency with 2.6% variability as opposed to 19.7% for the CMOS VCO. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that examines FinFET technology with respect to process variation in mixed signal designs at the circuit level, and presents a quantitative as well as qualitative comparison between CMOS and FinFET technologies.
An Assessment of Research Needs Related to Improving Primary Cement Isolation of Formations in Deep Offshore Wells (2012)

Offshore TRS
DR-BB Rat Thymus Contains Thymocyte Populations Predisposed to Autoreactivity (1995)

We have induced autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in athymic WAG rats by transfusing thymocytes from histocompatible phenotypically normal rats of the DR-BB strain. DR-BB rats rarely develop spontaneous IDDM, but readily become hyperglycemic if depleted in vivo of regulatory T-cells that express the RT6.1 maturational alloantigen. Successful adoptive transfer of IDDM by DR-BB thymocytes required that the athymic recipients be depleted of emerging populations of donor-origin RT6.1+ T-cells. Thymocytes from both normal and RT6-depleted diabetic DR donors were equally capable of transferring autoimmunity. In contrast, thymocytes from normal histocompatible YOS rats failed to transfer IDDM. The autoreactive potential of DR-BB rat thymocytes was minimal from birth to 4 weeks of age and then increased substantially at 8-9 weeks of age. These results demonstrate that the DR-BB rat thymus harbors abnormal cell populations predisposed to autoreactivity. The data localize the developmental defect leading to diabetes in the BB rat to an abnormal intrathymic selection process.
Generation of squeezed states of light by intracavity frequency doubling (1988)

We have generated squeezed states of light by the process of second harmonic conversion within an optical cavity resonant at both fundamental and harmonic frequencies. The experiment consists of a standing-wave cavity containing a crystal of lithium niobate doped with magnesium oxide and driven by the field from a frequency-stabilized Nd:YAG laser (incident power, ~10 mW). The total field reflected from the cavity illuminates a pair of high quantum efficiency photodiodes, whose individual photocurrents are summed. Observations of squeezing are made by analyzing the spectral density of fluctuations for this sum photo-current while the cavity detuning is scanned through resonance. An intensity regulator holds the reflected light intensity constant during the scan by control of the incident light level. Reductions in photocurrent fluctuations of 12% relative to the vacuum-state or shot-noise level are achieved for frequency offsets near 4 MHz. Since significantly higher degrees of squeezing are predicted by our theoretical analysis, we discuss those processes that currently limit the observed noise reduction, including phase noise produced by the intracavity crystal in the absence of nonlinear conversion.
Stem Cell Research (2006)

Sen Tom Harkin (D, Iowa) said Congress must overcome President Bush's July veto of HR 810, the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act, which would make available multiple stem cell lines permissible for use in federally funded medical research.
Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase (2011)

This work describes the structure of human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (Gilbert, Bartlett et al. 2011) and the techniques required to ascertain the structure. 5-LOX is a notoriously unstable enzyme with important biological functions. The human 5-LOX has been implicated in many disease states including asthma, atherosclerosis and cancer. Part of 5-LOX biology is the inherent instability of the enzyme, which is thought to help regulate the production of its pro-inflammatory products, the leukotrienes. Our objective was stabilizing the enzyme for in vitro studies without affecting catalytic fidelity. I was able to quantitate stabilizing and destabilizing point mutations of 5-LOX by thermal denaturation and kinetic analysis along with other biochemical techniques. Through rigorous site-directed mutagenesis experiments and multiple expression protocols, I was able to over-express an engineered form of 5-LOX that is soluble and stable for biochemical studies and most importantly amenable to crystallization. Our lab is the first to crystallize a human lipoxygenase and model the molecular details. Another objective was studying the effect of phosphorylation on specific serine residues in 5-LOX that have been previously shown to be phosphorylated in vivo. I focused on phosphorylation of Ser663, which is ten amino acids removed from the C-terminus that penetrates the 5-LOX body and binds to the catalytic iron. I mutated this Ser663 to an aspartate, which is a mutation that has been previously shown to mimic a phosphorylated serine. The mutant 5-LOX S663D has altered product specificity in that it oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) on the 15 carbon preferentially instead of the 5 carbon. This dual specificity of 5-LOX could alter the amounts of the pro- and/or anti-inflammatory compounds present at sites of activation. With the structure of human 5-LOX solved and with reproducible crystal conditions, I began co-crystallization trials of 5-LOX with AA but devoid of oxygen, the other substrate. This would allow visualization of the important substrate binding amino acids and the catalytic machinery necessary for leukotriene production. I was able to model the placement of AA into the active site of Stable-5-LOX S663D, and this structure revealed striking conformational changes required for substrate binding. With these structural studies along with future co-crystallization studies with inhibitors, I will be able to describe amino acids important for catalysis. These insights afforded from co-crystal structures could aid in the development of therapies for the treatment of certain diseases caused by 5-LOX.
Supported Catalysis in Carbon Dioxide Activation (2014)

The use of carbon dioxide as a raw profitable material involves its integration in a chemical process using as mild reaction conditions as possible, which necessarily requires the use of a catalytic process. The incorporation of CO2 in cyclic carbonates by condensation with epoxides is a suitable process for that purpose. If a large scale process is the pursued objective, homogeneous catalysts proposed must be transformed in heterogeneous ones with high activity in order to simplify reaction conditions and, mainly, product isolation processes. The proposed catalysts, ranging from simple tetraalkylammonium salts or ionic liquids to salen or porphyrin metal complexes, can be supported on polymeric or inorganic matrices via covalent grafting. Due to the salt nature of some catalysts, simple adsorption on supports is also possible. Each catalytic system has specific reaction characteristics, needing or not a co-catalyst or a solvent. The support plays an additional role on the catalytic process; the existence of porosity in some cases as well as the presence of functional groups can create synergies with catalysts, and therefore improve catalysis enhancing the efficiency of the process compared with non-supported catalysis. In this review, recent progresses for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides will be described, particularly the aspects related to the reaction conditions and the efficiency of the system. Also, the same kind of parameters is analyzed in the use of supported catalysts for the preparation of oxazolidinones using CO2 and aziridines as reagents. Keywords: Carbon dioxide, cyclic carbonate, heterogeneous catalysts, oxazolidinones, supported catalysis.
Improvement of intermodulation distortion in microwave m.e.s.f.e.t. amplifiers using gate-bias compensation (1979)

A simple technique is described for improving the intermodulation distortion performance of microwave m.e.s.f.e.t. amplifiers. The technique utilises transistor gate-bias compensation controlled by the input signal level of the amplifier. For a constant output power of 0 dBm, an improvement in third-order intermodulation distortion product of up to 10 dB has been observed. The advantages and limitations of the technique are discussed.
Evaluating the efficacy of RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 direct approaches in comparison to RNA extraction (2020)

The genetic identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is based on viral RNA extraction prior to RT-qPCR assay. However, recent studies have supported the elimination of the extraction step. This study was performed to assess the necessity for the RNA extraction, by comparing the efficacy of RT-qPCR in several direct approaches versus the gold standard RNA extraction, in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in laboratory samples, as well as in clinical oro-nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 swabs. The findings showed an advantage for the extraction procedure; however a direct no-buffer approach might be an alternative, since it identified more than 60% of positive clinical specimens.
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Olefins in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Rhodium Catalysts Supported on Fluoroacrylate Copolymers (2003)

A novel catalyst soluble in scCO2 was synthesized by grafting rhodium ligands to a fluoroacrylate copolymer. Different compositions of copolymer, Rh/copolymer molar ratios, and substrate/catalyst molar ratios were studied for the hydrogenation of 1-octene in scCO2 at 70°C and 172 bar. Also, the effect of temperature at 172 bar, and the effect of pressure at 70°C were analyzed for the same reaction. The products for the hydrogenation of 1-octene were mostly n-octane together with isomerization products. Finally, a comparative study of the hydrogenation of 1-octene and cyclohexene was carried out at 70°C and 172 bar.