gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring Location, Size, Distribution, and Loading of NiO Crystallites in Individual SBA-15 Pores by Electron Tomography (2007)

By the combination of electron tomography with image segmentation, the properties of 299 NiO crystallites contained in 6 SBA-15 pores were studied. A statistical analysis of the particle size showed that crystallites between 2 and 6 nm were present with a distribution maximum at 3 and 4 nm, for the number-weighted and volume-weighted curves, respectively. Interparticle distances between nearest neighbors were 1-3 nm with very few isolated crystallites. In the examined pores, a local loading twice the applied average of 24 wt % NiO was found. This suggests that a very high local loading combined with a high dispersion is achievable.
Effective Expression of Recombinant Cytotoxic Protein via Its Attachment to a Polyglutamine Domain (2009)

Inadvertent cytotoxicity may hinder the expression of many recombinant proteins that are of industrial or medicinal importance. Here, we show that covalent binding of the influenza A cytotoxic protein M2 to a polyglutamine domain (polyQ-M2; QM2) results in significant delay of its cytotoxic effects when compared to wild-type protein (M2wt). We also show that while expression of recombinant M2wt from A/WSN/1933 strain could not be attained in vaccinia virus (VV), polyQ-M2 was successfully expressed in this system. Moreover, we demonstrate that in cell culture, the polyQ domain is cleaved off following 48 h of expression, thus releasing free and active M2. Similarly, we show the spontaneous cleavage and polyQ release from fusion with another distinct polypeptide, green fluorescent protein (GFP). Expression of M2 from QM2 construct was more prolonged than one based on M2wt-expressing construct, markedly exceeding it at the later time points. Therefore, cell death caused by a toxic polypeptide may be suppressed via genetic fusion with polyQ, resulting in its enhanced expression, followed by slow release of the free polypeptide from the fusion. Collectively, covalent fusion with polyQ or other aggregate-forming domains presents a novel approach for industrial production of cytotoxic proteins and also holds promise for gene therapy applications.
Creating a Small Anchor to Eliminate Large Knots in Mesh and Tape Suture (2018)

Wide mesh or tape sutures are used to close high-tension wounds such as in hernia or tendon repair. However, wide sutures produce large knots that are susceptible to increased palpability, infection, and foreign body response. To prevent such adverse events, we developed a small suture anchor to replace wide suture knots. The suture anchor was iteratively developed using three-dimensional (3D) design software and produced via 3D printing. Anchor prototypes underwent monotonic, cyclic fatigue, and stress-life testing in a benchtop soft tissue suture model. Results were compared to a standard of care knot and alternative suture fixation devices. The final anchor design was selected based on minimal size and mechanical performance. The size of the final anchor (200 mm3) was 33% smaller than a tape suture knot and 68% smaller than a mesh suture knot. Monotonic testing of mesh and tape sutures revealed a significantly greater anchor failure load compared to knot and alternative fixations (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, all anchors successfully completed cyclic fatigue testing without failure while other fixations, including knot, failed to complete cyclic fatigue testing multiple times. Stress-life testing demonstrated durable anchor fixation under varying tensile stresses. Failure mode analysis revealed anchor fracture and tissue failure as modes of anchor failure, each of which occurred at supraphysiologic forces. We created a small suture anchor that significantly outperforms knot and alternative suture fixations in benchtop testing and addresses concerns of increased palpability, infection, and foreign body response from large suture knots.
Editorial Stem Cells in Heart Failure (2011)

License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Cardiac injury with a significant loss of cardiomyocytes usually leads to a common final pathway of cardiac pathological remodelling that includes fibrosis, and the development and progression of heart failure. The treatment of chronic heart failure generally relies on strategies designed to target and limit cardiac ischemia, additional tissue damage, pathological cardiac remodelling, or hemodynamic impairment and cardiac dyssynchrony. Moreover, understanding of the pathways that chauffeur pathological remodelling as opposed to myocardial repair and regeneration in the failing heart still remains challenging. The identification of stem cells has, however,
Estimating convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations (2011)

An important research topic within Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods is the estimation of convergence of a simulation. The simulation is divided in to two parts, pre- and post-convergence, where the pre-convergence part known as burn-in is discarded and the post-convergence part is used for inference. Recently, MCMC methods have become a popular way of analyzing phylogenetic models. As more and larger phylogenetic data sets are analyzed, there is a need for automated procedures estimating both convergence and sufficient run length of a simulation. Since MCMC methods are used in a variety of different research fields there are several different methods for evaluating the output of a run. In this thesis, we construct a diagnostic for estimating the burn-in of the chain. We then evaluate this diagnostic together with well known convergence diagnostics used in other fields on simulations performed on three different phylogenetic data sets. We also propose an algorithmic procedure for verifying convergence and sufficient run length of an MCMC-simulation.
Experimental Studies on the Transovarial Transmission of Kunjin and San Angelo Viruses in Mosquitoes (1980)

A series of experiments were performed, using a representative bunyavirus (San Angelo) and flavivirus (Kunjin), to determine some of the factors which affect transovarial transmission (TOT) of arboviruses in mosquitoes. Both inter- and intraspecific differences were observed in the TOT rates among selected mosquito populations. In addition, minor variations were also observed in the TOT rates among five strains of Kunjin virus. Serial transovarial passage of San Angelo and Kunjin viruses in mosquitoes did not change their TOT rates. San Angelo virus TOT rates in orally and parenterally infected Aedes albopictus were similar. San Angelo virus survived for 3 months in dried A. albopictus eggs maintained at 28°C, with no decrease in the percentage of infected eggs. Variation of the larval rearing temperature from 20–32°C had no effect on the TOT rate of San Angelo or Kunjin viruses in A. albopictus. Mosquitoes transovarially infected with San Angelo virus developed at the same rate and produced comparable numbers of offspring as noninfected controls. In contrast, A. albopictus larvae transovarially infected with Kunjin virus were retarded in their development. Results of this study, as well as data from other reports, suggest that the effect and possibly the mechanism of bunyavirus and flavivirus transovarial infection in mosquitoes may be different.
Comparison of cDNA and genomic forms of tyrosine hydroxylase gene therapy of the brain with Trojan horse liposomes (2007)

Eukaryotic expression plasmids encoding genomic forms of therapeutic genes, as large as 18 kb, can be successfully incorporated in THLs and delivered to brain following intravenous administration.
Generation of a 3D Printed Temporal Bone Model with Internal Fidelity and Validation of the Mechanical Construct (2013)

This model serves as an excellent replica of a human temporal bone for training and preoperative surgical rehearsal and can be dissected in a true-to-life fashion.
Pre-stack Kirchhoff depth migration on the parallel execution environments (1993)

Abstract We present a data-parallel prestack Kirchhoff depth migration algorithm efficiently implemented on parallel computer of SIMD architecture.
Identification and Characterization of Harc, a Novel Hsp90-associating Relative of Cdc37 (2001)

Although little is known about the precise mechanisms by which the molecular chaperone Hsp90 recognizes its client proteins, Cdc37 has been shown to play a critical role in the targeting of Hsp90 to client protein kinases. Described here is the identification and characterization of a novel 35-kDa human protein that is 31% identical to Cdc37. We have named this novel protein Harc (Hsp90-associating relative of Cdc37). Northern blot analysis revealed the presence of Harc mRNA in several human tissues, including liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney. Biochemical fractionation and immunofluorescent localization of epitope-tagged Harc (i.e. FLAG-Harc) indicated that it is present in the cytoplasm of cells. FLAG-Harc binds Hsp90 but unlike Cdc37 does not bind Src family kinases or Raf-1. Mapping experiments indicate that the central 120 amino acids of both Harc and Cdc37 constitute a Hsp90-binding domain not described previously. FLAG-Harc is basally serine-phosphorylated and hyperphosphorylated when co-expressed with an activated mutant of the Src family kinase Hck. Notably, FLAG-Harc forms complexes with Hsp90, Hsp70, p60Hop, immunophilins, and an unidentified p22 protein but not with the Hsp90 co-chaperone p23. Thus Harc likely represents a novel participant in Hsp90-mediated protein folding, potentially targeting Hsp90 to Hsp70-client protein heterocomplexes.
Properties of Ag-Cu alloy substrate for Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting tape (2001)

Textured structure, surface morphology and tensile strength of Ag-Cu alloy tapes and Ag-Cu/Ni alloy clad tapes are studied by using XRD, pole figure, SEM and AFM. An addition of Cu was effective for improving surface smoothness; [210]<120> textured structure, on which YBCO film aligns in-plane, was obtained in Ag-Cu tape. Clad tapes which have 2-4 times higher proof stress 60.2 than pure Ag at 700/spl deg/C were obtained. These clad tapes are expected to be useful for obtaining low-cost and high-J/sub c/ YBCO superconducting tape.
Eine neue Reaktionweise des tert‐Butylphosphaethins: dreikernige Cyclopentadienylcobalt‐Cluster mit P, PS und PO als μ3‐Komplexliganden (1996)

Unter Bruch der Phosphor‐Kohlenstoff‐Dreifachbindung reagiert tert ‐Butylphosphaethin mit dem Cobaltkomplex 1 unter milden Bedingungen zum μ 3 ‐Carbin‐μ 3 ‐phosphidotricobalt‐Cluster 2 . Der Phosphorligand in 2 kann mit Schwefel oder Sauerstoff zum PS‐ bzw. PO‐Liganden oxidiert werden. Der Phosphanarm im Edukt ist für die Bildung des Clusters 2 offensichtlich erforderlich. R = CH 2 CH 2 PtBu 2 R′ = t Bu. magnified image
Almost sure stability of Markov jump linear systems with dwell-time constrained switching dynamics (2011)

The stability of a class of Markov jump linear systems (MJLS) characterized by constant transition rates and piecewise-constant system dynamics is investigated. For these Switching Dynamics Markov jump linear systems (SD-MJLS), almost sure exponential stability (ASE-stability) is analyzed by applying the ergodic law of large numbers under the assumption that suitable average contractivity conditions are satisfied. The main result is a sufficient condition that guarantees ASE-stability under constraints on the dwell-time between switching instants.
Synthesis of supported metallic nanoparticles and their use in air depollution (2009)

The main objectives of the NACACOMO Consortium (Nanomaterials: Catalysts for the Conversion of organic Molecules. Uses in fine chemicals and environment protection) consisted in generating novel catalysts composed of nanoparticles of metals (Pt, Pd, Ag...) and/or oxides (TiO2...) stabilized and well distributed over the surface of a support (foams, ceramics), by monitoring both the particle size and the coating process itself, using new technologies: CVD, plasma-spray, laser pyrolysis, supercritical preparation, which were compared to conventional soft chemistry recipes. The most accurate characterization of particle morphology, local structure, texture, spatial arrangement but also of their reactivity, were achieved by privileging the utilization of various in situ methods. Details on formation mechanisms of a solid nanoparticle at the atomic level (nucleation, growth and particle (re)distribution over the support...) could be obtained in selected cases, with opportunities for scaling up and shaping. The (chemical) nature of the so-obtained nanomaterials was monitored for selected catalytic applications involving the development of environmental friendly processes, such as oxidation of VOC, with a priority for aromatics and chlorinated compounds.
Loss of Niemann-Pick C1 or C2 Protein Results in Similar Biochemical Changes Suggesting That These Proteins Function in a Common Lysosomal Pathway (2011)

Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and other lipids in the endolysosomal system. NPC disease results from a defect in either of two distinct cholesterol-binding proteins: a transmembrane protein, NPC1, and a small soluble protein, NPC2. NPC1 and NPC2 are thought to function closely in the export of lysosomal cholesterol with both proteins binding cholesterol in vitro but they may have unrelated lysosomal roles. To investigate this possibility, we compared biochemical consequences of the loss of either protein. Analyses of lysosome-enriched subcellular fractions from brain and liver revealed similar decreases in buoyant densities of lysosomes from NPC1 or NPC2 deficient mice compared to controls. The subcellular distribution of both proteins was similar and paralleled a lysosomal marker. In liver, absence of either NPC1 or NPC2 resulted in similar alterations in the carbohydrate processing of the lysosomal protease, tripeptidyl peptidase I. These results highlight biochemical alterations in the lysosomal system of the NPC-mutant mice that appear secondary to lipid storage. In addition, the similarity in biochemical phenotypes resulting from either NPC1 or NPC2 deficiency supports models in which the function of these two proteins within lysosomes are linked closely.
Supramolecular Polymers Generated from Heterocomplementary Monomers Linked through Multiple Hydrogen-Bonding Arrays—Formation, Characterization, and Properties (2002)

Supramolecular polymers are described that are derived from the association of two homoditopic heterocomplementary monomers through sextuple hydrogen-bonding arrays. They form fibers and a variety of different materials depending on the conditions. The strong affinity of the DAD-DAD (D=donor, A=acceptor) hydrogen-bonding sites for double-faced cyanuric acid type wedges drives the supramolecular polymeric assembly in apolar and chlorinated organic solvents. The marked influence of stoichiometry, as well as end-capping and cross-linking agents upon fiber formation is revealed in solution and by electron microscopy (EM). The results further contribute to the development of a supramolecular polymer chemistry that comprises reversible polymers formed through recognition-controlled noncovalent connections between the molecular components. Such materials are, by nature, dynamic and present adaptive character in view of their ability to respond to external stimuli.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Symmetry, High‐Temperature Zeolite Lattice Structures. (1987)

Abstract The existence of a high‐symmetry phase of the zeolite ZSM‐39 is confirmed by variable‐temp.
Neurophysiological foundations and practical realizations of the brain–machine interfaces in the technology in neurological rehabilitation (2016)

Technology brain-computer interface (BCI) based on the registration and interpretation of EEG has recently become one of the most popular developments in neuroscience and psychophysiology. This is due not only to the intended future use of these technologies in many areas of practical human activity, but also to the fact that IMC--is a completely new paradigm in psychophysiology, allowing test hypotheses about the possibilities of the human brain to the development of skills of interaction with the outside world without the mediation of the motor system, i.e. only with the help of voluntary modulation of EEG generators. This paper examines the theoretical and experimental basis, the current state and prospects of development of training, communicational and assisting complexes based on BCI to control them without muscular effort on the basis of mental commands detected in the EEG of patients with severely impaired speech and motor system.
An augmented reality based system for remote collaborative maintenance instruction of complex products (2014)

Product maintenance is a knowledge intensive task. With the increasing complexity of modern large scale products, the maintenance process usually is carried out collaboratively by onsite technicians and remote experts. Augmented reality provides a novel interactive way for collaborative maintenance work. In an augmented instruction scene, the real maintenance product is combined with visual information and thus helps the technician to understand the process, which will be more efficient than traditional maintenance manual or oral words. In order to reduce the data quantity transferred between the local technician site and remote expert site, a framework of augmented reality based collaborative maintenance real-time instruction platform under network environment is proposed to achieve efficiently guidance from remote expert. The augmented information for maintenance process instruction is classified and their visualization methods are realized. During the collaborative maintenance process, the instruction information is shared based on different patterns. A prototyping system is developed for onsite technician and remote expert. The augmented collaborative maintenance process instruction is illustrated by replacing an air filter of an auto engine.
Building and managing a biological resource centre (2008)

The Organisation for the Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has defined a biological resource centre (BRC) as a service provider and a repository of living cells, genomes, organisms and information relating to heredity and the functions of biological systems. To promote a rational use of resources and to facilitate the exchange of biological materials among different countries, the OECD has proposed to establish a global BRC network. The building of a BRC is a process similar to those applied to several other types of facilities involved in biomedical laboratory research and therapy, with a special attention to cryobiology and information technology. The latter issues represent core elements for long‐term storage at subzero temperatures of biological materials and for their management and distribution to interested users in compliance to predefined rules. The management of a BRC does not differ from the management of a biomedical institution. However, general management rules must be translated into specific modalities and tools fit for the organization of a BRC. This article describes the management of the Center of Transfusion Medicine, Cellular Therapy and Cryobiology (CTMC), which is the BRC of a large public university hospital in Northern Italy. The CTMC currently stores 92 561 biological samples (vials) collected and studied by 15 clinical and research groups within the hospital. The samples are stored and distributed according to individual contracts between the CTMC and each hospital unit using its services.
TRINOCULAR STEREO-BASED 3D REPRESENTATION OF DRIVING ENVIRONMENT USING U-V-DISPARITY (2005)

Laser or millimeter wave radars have shown good performance in measuring relative speed and distance in a highway driving environment. However the accuracy of these systems decreases in an urban traffic environment as more confusion occurs due to factors such as parked vehicles, guardrails, poles and motorcycles. A trinocular stereo-based sensing system provides an effective supplement to radar-based road scene analysis with its much wider field of view and more accurate lateral information. This paper presents an efficient solution using a trinocular stereo based 3D representation method of driving environment which employs the "U-V-disparity" concept. It is used to classify a 3D road scene into relative surface planes and characterize the features of road pavement surfaces, roadside structures and obstacles. Real-time implementation of the trinocular stereo disparity calculation and the "U-V-disparity" classification algorithm is also presented in this paper.
Role of DNA methyltransferase 1 in pharyngeal cancer related to treatment resistance (2011)

DNMT1 may be a significant clinical predictor and a potential treatment strategy against head and neck cancer.
Unmasked Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Disease: A Disease Spectrum after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy (2008)

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has beneficial effects on mortality and lowers the incidence of diseases caused by opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis (TB). Although ART has sustained long-term benefits, the risk of TB is high during the first 3 months after ART initiation. Among cases of ART-associated TB, we define "unmasked TB" as that which occurs in patients with reactivation disease who develop clinically recognizable TB after ART with the restoration of previously acquired TB antigen-specific functional immune responses. TB cases with clinical evidence of an inflammatory syndrome are a subset of these unmasked cases, which we define as "unmasked TB-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome." With more widespread use of ART in areas with a high prevalence of TB, unmasked TB will likely become more common. TB diagnostics with improved sensitivity and specificity are urgently needed to detect subclinical TB before it is unmasked.