gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: C‐2 Epimerization of Disaccharides by Nickel(II)‐Diamine Complex. A New Synthesis of (1→6)‐Linked Disaccharides Having Mannose as a Reducing Unit. (1988)

ChemInformVolume 19, Issue 32 Natural Products ChemInform Abstract: C-2 Epimerization of Disaccharides by Nickel(II)-Diamine Complex. A New Synthesis of (1→6)-Linked Disaccharides Having Mannose as a Reducing Unit. T. TANASE, T. TANASE Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorK. ISHIDA, K. ISHIDA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorT. WATANABE, T. WATANABE Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorM. KOMIYAMA, M. KOMIYAMA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorK. KOUMOTO, K. KOUMOTO Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. YANO, S. YANO Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorM. HIDAI, M. HIDAI Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. YOSHIKAWA, S. YOSHIKAWA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this author T. TANASE, T. TANASE Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorK. ISHIDA, K. ISHIDA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorT. WATANABE, T. WATANABE Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorM. KOMIYAMA, M. KOMIYAMA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorK. KOUMOTO, K. KOUMOTO Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. YANO, S. YANO Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorM. HIDAI, M. HIDAI Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorS. YOSHIKAWA, S. YOSHIKAWA Dep. Synth. Chem., Fac. Eng., Univ. Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: August 9, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198832312AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume19, Issue32August 9, 1988 RelatedInformation
Evaluating the Creaming of an Emulsion via Mass Spectrometry and UV–Vis Spectrophotometry (2018)

The creaming behavior of a turbid oil-in-water emulsion was observed via the processes of multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MPI-TOFMS) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), and the results were compared. The transmittance measurement by UV-vis showed that the turbidity of the toluene emulsion was decreased with time. However, non-negligible errors are common in the measurement of a sample with high turbidity. The online measurement by MPI-TOFMS detected many spikes in the time profile, which revealed the existence of toluene droplets in the emulsion. A smooth time profile suggested that the signal intensity had initially increased, and then decreased with time; the initial concentration of toluene was 3 g/L, which had decreased by half after 60 min. The signal behavior obtained using MPI-TOFMS differed only slightly from that obtained using UV-vis. Since a change in turbidity is not the same as a change in the local concentration of an oil component, MPI-TOFMS is useful for the analysis of a turbid emulsion and offers additional information concerning the creaming phenomenon of an emulsion.
Validation of a multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (mfEIT) system KHU Mark1: impedance spectroscopy and time-difference imaging (2008)

Validation and interpretation of reconstructed images using a multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (mfEIT) requires a conductivity phantom including imaging objects with known complex conductivity (sigma + iomegaepsilon) spectra. We describe imaging experiments using the recently developed mfEIT system called the KHU Mark1 with the frequency range of 10 Hz to 500 kHz. Using a bio-impedance spectroscopy (BIS) system, we first measured complex conductivity spectra of different imaging objects including saline, agar, polyacrylamide, TX151, animal hide gelatin, banana and cucumber. Based on an analysis of how conductivity and permittivity affect measured complex boundary voltages, we suggested a new complex version of a multi-frequency time-difference image reconstruction algorithm. Imaging experiments were conducted to produce time-difference images of the objects at multiple frequencies using the proposed algorithm. Images of a conductor (stainless steel) and an insulator (acrylic plastic) were used to set a common scale bar to display all images. Comparing reconstructed time-difference images at multiple frequencies with measured complex conductivity spectra, we found that they showed an overall similarity in terms of changes in complex conductivity values with respect to frequency. However, primarily due to the limitation of the difference imaging algorithm, we suggest that multi-frequency time-difference images must be interpreted in terms of relative contrast changes with respect to frequency. We propose further imaging studies using biological tissues of known complex conductivity spectra and using human subjects to find clinical applications of the mfEIT system.
Off-axis edge glare in pseudophakic dysphotopsia (2003)

Off-axis light incident at the temporal cornea formed intense foci in the nasal edge of the IOL. Multiple secondary images can be formed. These spots constitute glare sources and may be of sufficient intensity to disturb vision. These findings indicate that off-axis light may be an important contributor to some disability glare problems and that IOL edge design should be reevaluated to minimize dysphotopsia associated with peripheral focusing effects.
Inhibition of cell adhesion by high molecular weight kininogen. (1992)

An anti-cell adhesion globulin was purified from human plasma by heparin-affinity chromatography. The purified globulin inhibited spreading of osteosarcoma and melanoma cells on vitronectin, and of endothelial cells, platelets, and mononuclear blood cells on vitronectin or fibrinogen. It did not inhibit cell spreading on fibronectin. The protein had the strongest antiadhesive effect when preadsorbed onto the otherwise adhesive surfaces. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the globulin is cleaved (kinin-free) high molecular weight kininogen (HKa). Globulin fractions from normal plasma immunodepleted of high molecular weight kininogen (HK) or from an individual deficient of HK lacked adhesive activity. Uncleaved single-chain HK preadsorbed at neutral pH, HKa preadsorbed at pH greater than 8.0, and HKa degraded further to release its histidine-rich domain had little anti-adhesive activity. These results indicate that the cationic histidine-rich domain is critical for anti-adhesive activity and is somehow mobilized upon cleavage. Vitronectin was not displaced from the surface by HKa. Thus, cleavage of HK by kallikrein results in both release of bradykinin, a potent vasoactive and growth-promoting peptide, and formation of a potent anti-adhesive protein.
Flavonols Stimulate Development, Germination, and Tube Growth of Tobacco Pollen (1992)

The effect of anther-derived substances on pollen function was studied using pollen produced by in vitro culture of immature pollen of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and petunia (Petunia hybrida). Addition of conditioned medium consisting of diffusates from in situ matured pollen strongly increased pollen germination frequency and pollen tube growth, as well as seed set after in situ pollination. Thin-layer chromatography and depletion of phenolic substances by Dowex treatment indicated that flavonols are present in the diffusate and may be the active compounds. When added to the germination medium, flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin) but not other flavonoids strongly promoted pollen germination frequency and pollen tube growth in vitro. The best results were obtained at very low concentrations of the flavonols (0.15-1.5 mum), indicating a signaling function. The same compounds were also effective when added during pollen development in vitro.
Are There Contraindications for Percutaneous Extracorporal Life Support (ECLS) in Critical Patients with Therapy-Refractory Cardiogenic Shock? (2015)

Objectives: ECLS transport-systems made percutaneous femoral implantation on-scene possible. Implantation is feasible in the emergency department, cathlab or referring hospital, while cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) but also in conscious patients. So far, indication and contraindication criteria are debated and rare data concerning risk factors of mortality exist.
Robust motion estimation using connected operators (2002)

This paper discusses the use of connected operators for robust motion estimation. The proposed strategy involves a motion estimation step, extracting the dominant motion, and a filtering step, relying on connected operators that remove objects that do not follow the dominant motion. These two steps are iterated in order to obtain an accurate motion estimation and a precise definition of the objects following this motion. This strategy can be applied on the entire frame or on individual connected components. As a result, the complete (motion-oriented) segmentation and motion estimation of the frame can be achieved.
Competition between bound and free peptides in an ELISA-based procedure that assays peptides derived from protein digests. (2006)

The data suggest that the peptides bind to the plastic substratum in more than one conformation and that, once bound, the peptide displays different affinities for the antibody, depending on how it has bound to the plate.
Power allocation for two-way relay channel in wireless bidirectional networks (2013)

In this paper, we consider a two-way relay channel (TWRC) network model in wireless bidirectional network, where end nodes have the full channel-state information (CSI) and relay nodes only have the channel-amplitude information (CAI). Our objective is to minimize the transmission power under the condition that the required transmission rates are satisfied. Different from previous works which assume no direct transmission paths exist between the source and destination nodes due to high shadow fading or large separation, we propose energy efficient power allocation methods for both analog network coding (ANC) and time division broadcasting (TDBC) schemes, and the closed-form expressions of optimal power allocation schemes are derived. Simulation results demonstrate the energy efficiency of the ANC and TDBC based power allocation methods comparing with other transmission schemes.
Patterns and prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus (2023)

Cognitive dysfunction is common in SLE but markedly heterogeneous across both cognitive domains and across the SLE group. Cluster analysis supports the use of a binary definition of cognitive dysfunction in SLE.
Organic Marker Compounds for Environmental Analysis (1978)

Abstract Marker compounds have been used extensively in fields such as clinical chemistry, but their use in environmental analyses has been minimal. Two definitions of marker compounds and their use in environmental assessment will be discussed in this paper. The first definition is the use of marker compounds as internal reference compounds for quantitative analysis of pollutants. The second definition is their use as qualitative indicators of certain types of chemical pollution. Key Words: Environmental pollutiontrace organic analysisliquid chromatographygas chromatographygas chromatography-mass spectrometrymarker compoundsinternal standard.
Sodium Fluoride at the Air/Water Interface (2011)

The zeta potentials of a single N2 bubble in near neutral aqueous solutions of 10–5 to 10–2 M NaF have been measured with a rotating cell zetameter. The zeta potentials in the NaF solutions are slightly more negative than those of comparable NaI concentrations. A simple interpretation of this observation is that the small size of the fluoride ion leads to its stronger adsorption at the interface, despite its smaller dielectric decrement. This would not be consistent with independent electrospray results from 100 µM solutions that bromide ion is less strongly adsorbed than iodide ion, i.e. that surface affinity increases with ion size. An alternative interpretation of the fluoride experiment is that the fluoride surface affinity is the consequence of stronger ion pairing with the NaOH that spontaneously forms at the interface.
Effect of pre-milking teat preparation procedures on the microbial count on teats prior to cluster application (2009)

A study was carried out to investigate the effect of six pre-milking teat preparation procedures on lowering the staphylococal, streptococcal and coliform microbial count on teat skin prior to cluster application. The teat preparations included 'Iodine', 'Chlorhexidine' teat foam, 'Washing and drying' with paper, 'No preparation', 'Chlorine' teat foam, and disinfectant 'Wipes'. Teat preparations were applied for five days to 10 cows for each treatment during two herd management periods (indoors and outdoors). Teats were swabbed on day four and five before teat preparation and repeated after teat preparation. The swabs were plated on three selective agars: Baird Parker (Staphylococcus spp.), Edwards (Streptococcus spp.), and MacConkey (coliform). Following incubation, microbial counts for each pathogen type were manually counted and assigned to one of six categories depending on the microbial counts measured. The results were analysed by logistic regression using SAS 28. The main analysis was conducted on binary improvement scores for the swabbing outcomes. There were no differences for staphylococcal, streptococcal and coliform bacterial counts between treatments, measured 'before' teat preparation. Treatments containing 'Chlorhexidine' teat foam (OR = 4.46) and 'Wipes' (OR = 4.46) resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.01) in the staphylococcal count on teats compared to 'Washing and drying' or 'No preparation'. 'Chlorine' teat foam (OR = 3.45) and 'Wipes' (3.45) had the highest probability (P < 0.01) of reducing streptococcal counts compared to 'Washing and drying' or 'No preparation'. There was no statistical difference between any of the disinfectant treatments applied in reducing coliforms. Thus, the use of some disinfectant products for pre-milking teat preparation can have beneficial effects on reducing the levels of staphylococcal and streptococcal pathogens on teat skin.
Distinct Mechanisms Underlie Cardiomyocyte Contractile Dysfunction in Male and Female Endotoxemic Mice (2015)

Sepsis induced cardiomyopathy results (at least partially) from the dysregulation of myocardial calcium (Ca 2+ ) handling. In male (M) mice, this involves redox‐mediated dysfunction of cellular Ca 2+ tranporters. No data is available about Ca 2+ signaling in septic female (F) hearts. We studied M and F C57Bl6 mice (WT), as well as mice deficient in soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activity (sGCα 1 ‐/‐ ). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration (ip) induced an inflammatory shock syndrome and cardiomyopathy. A dose of 7 μg/g LPS induced 59% mortality in M WT mice, 44% in M sGCα 1 ‐/‐ , and no mortality in F WT or F sGCα 1 ‐/‐ mice. 20 μg/g LPS induced 100% mortality in WT F and 50% mortality in F sGCα 1 ‐/‐ mice. We measured sarcomere shortening (SS) and Ca 2+ transients (ΔCa i ) in isolated, externally paced cardiomyocytes. 12h after LPS (25 μg/g) challenge, WT M mice had decreased SS and ΔCa i , to 60 ± 7 and 78 ± 4% of baseline (bl), respectively (n &gt; 60 cells from 8 mice for all groups, 60/8; p&lt;0.05 for this and following). In sGCα 1 ‐/‐ M, the decrease in SS and ΔCa i was more pronounced than in WT (to 26 ± 3 and 53 ± 3% of bl, respectively, n&gt;60/8). In F WT, LPS induced a decrease in SS (to 39 ± 6% of bl, n&gt;40/4), but not in ΔCa i , consistent with myofilament dysfunction. SS decrease was less in sGCα 1 ‐/‐ F mice (70 ± 8%, n&gt;35/4) than in WT F. In conclusion, in M mice, LPS induces a parallel, sGC‐independent decrease in SS and ΔCa i . In contrast, in F, LPS does not decrease ΔCa i , but induces a (partially) sGC‐dependent myofilament dysfunction. Different therapeutic approaches may thus be required in septic M and F patients.
Thiol-Mediated Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cysteine-Derived β-Thiolactone and Unique Features of Product Polythioester (2016)

The controlled ring-opening polymerization of the β-thiolactone derived from N-Boc cysteine was achieved using N-Boc-L-cysteine methyl ester as the initiator in NMP at room temperature. The propagating end is the thiol group, which attacks the carbonyl to open the monomer ring by the C(═O)-S bond scission. A thiol-ene click reaction demonstrated the utility of the thiol group at the propagating terminal. The block copolymer was efficiently produced by the terminal coupling of the polythioester with the norbornene terminated PEG. As another interesting reaction, the polythioester underwent the main chain transformation to polycysteine through the intramolecular S-to-N acyl migration, triggered by the deprotection of the pendant Boc groups. The polythioester from L-cysteine showed Cotton effects between 200 and 300 nm in the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. Although the CD pattern resembled that produced by the α-helix of polypeptide, it was ascribable not to the second structure but to the relative orientation of the thioester and carbamate carbonyls in the repeating unit.
<title>Projection displays and MEMS: timely convergence for a bright future</title> (1995)

Projection displays and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have evolved independently, occasionally crossing paths as early as the 1950s. But the commercially viable use of MEMS for projection displays has been illusive until the recent invention of Texas Instruments Digital Light Processing <SUP>TM</SUP> (DLP) technology. DLP technology is based on the Digital Micromirror Device<SUP>TM</SUP> (DMD) microchip, a MEMS technology that is a semiconductor digital light switch that precisely controls a light source for projection display and hardcopy applications. DLP technology provides a unique business opportunity because of the timely convergence of market needs and technology advances. The world is rapidly moving to an all- digital communications and entertainment infrastructure. In the near future, most of the technologies necessary for this infrastrucutre will be available at the right performance and price levels. This will make commercially viable an all-digital chain (capture, compression, transmission, reception decompression, hearing, and viewing). Unfortunately, the digital images received today must be translated into analog signals for viewing on today's televisions. Digital video is the final link in the all-digital infrastructure and DLP technoogy provides that link. DLP technology is an enabler for digital, high-resolution, color projection displays that have high contrast, are bright, seamless, and have the accuracy of color and grayscale that can be achieved only by digital control. This paper contains an introduction to DMD and DLP technology, including the historical context from which to view their developemnt. The architecture, projection operation, and fabrication are presented. Finally, the paper includes an update about current DMD business opportunities in projection displays and hardcopy.
Bacillus subtilis Aconitase Is Required for Efficient Late-Sporulation Gene Expression (2006)

Bacillus subtilis aconitase, encoded by the citB gene, is homologous to the bifunctional eukaryotic protein IRP-1 (iron regulatory protein 1). Like IRP-1, B. subtilis aconitase is both an enzyme and an RNA binding protein. In an attempt to separate the two activities of aconitase, the C-terminal region of the B. subtilis citB gene product was mutagenized. The resulting strain had high catalytic activity but was defective in sporulation. The defect was at a late stage of sporulation, specifically affecting expression of sigmaK-dependent genes, many of which are important for spore coat assembly and require transcriptional activation by GerE. Accumulation of gerE mRNA and GerE protein was delayed in the aconitase mutant strain. Pure B. subtilis aconitase bound to the 3' untranslated region of gerE mRNA in in vitro gel mobility shift assays, strongly suggesting that aconitase RNA binding activity may stabilize gerE mRNA in order to allow efficient GerE synthesis and proper timing of spore coat assembly.
Purification and characterization of nitrobenzene nitroreductase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 (1995)

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 grows on nitrobenzene as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. The catabolic pathway involves reduction to hydroxylaminobenzene followed by rearrangement to o-amino-phenol and ring fission (S. F. Nishino and J. C. Spain, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:2520, 1993). A nitrobenzene-inducible, oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase was purified from extracts of JS45 by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. A single 33-kDa polypeptide was detected by denaturing gel electrophoresis. The size of the native protein was estimated to be 30 kDa by gel filtration. The enzyme is a flavoprotein with a tightly bound flavin mononucleotide cofactor in a ratio of 2 mol of flavin per mol of protein. The Km for nitrobenzene is 5 microM at an initial NADPH concentration of 0.5 mM. The Km for NADPH at an initial nitrobenzene concentration of 0.1 mM is 183 microM. Nitrosobenzene was not detected as an intermediate of nitrobenzene reduction, but nitrosobenzene is a substrate for the enzyme, and the specific activity for nitrosobenzene is higher than that for nitrobenzene. These results suggest that nitrosobenzene is formed but is immediately reduced to hydroxylaminobenzene. Hydroxylaminobenzene was the only product detected after incubation of the purified enzyme with nitrobenzene and NADPH. Hydroxylaminobenzene does not serve as a substrate for further reduction by this enzyme. The products and intermediates are consistent with two two-electron reductions of the parent compound. Furthermore, the low Km and the inducible control of enzyme synthesis suggest that nitrobenzene is the physiological substrate for this enzyme.
Recent Developments in the Understanding and Management of Fibromuscular Dysplasia (2014)

F ibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic disease of medium-sized vessels that can present with arterial stenosis, beading, dissection, and aneurysm.While the most common sites of FMD are the renal and extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries, FMD has been reported in most arterial segments. 1FMD does not affect the venous system.During the past decade, there has been a resurgence of research in understanding this uncommon and often misunderstood disease.Here, we highlight new developments in FMD research and clinical care, including a recently published multidisciplinary statement from the American Heart Association, a European Consensus document on FMD, and new insights regarding this disease derived from findings of the French and United States Registry for Fibromuscular Dysplasia (US Registry).