gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Array of Coherent Sources Based on Novel Dual-Loop PLL Infrastructure (2012)

In this paper, a novel array of coherent sources based on dual-loop phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed. An advanced low-cost frequency and phase control technique for a group of PLLs is presented. A novel dual-loop PLL infrastructure consists of a conventional PLL loop and a microcontroller-unit-controlled phase-detector-array loop, which achieves real-time calibration on both frequency and phase by reducing the effect of component aging and environmental issues. This technique has its advantages of building a phased transmitter array. For the purpose of demonstration, a four-element phased array has been designed and implemented by using commercially available components at S-band. Near-perfect local oscillator (LO) beamforming performance and array pattern self-compensation realization are presented and analyzed. Due to analog continuous phase control and individual programmable transmit frequency, the dual-loop PLL-based coherent-source array in this paper offers considerable practical advantages when implementing beamforming, as compared to other beamforming techniques.
卵管間質部ノ形態學的研究象形複成術ヲ應用セル模型ニ據ル立體的研究 第1篇 正常卵管間質部 (1942)

Die zahlreichen Studien über die Tuba Fallopii, die schon veröffentlicht wurden, betreffen meist den freien Teil der Tube, d.h. Isthmus, Ampulla und Infundibulum. Dagegen sind die Kenntnisse von dem interstitiellen Teile sehr lübkenhaft.\nDer Verfasser bildete Serienschnitte des interstitiellen Teiles bei 4 Fällen und führte morphologisch-stereometrische Untersuchungen aus. 1) Das Cavum uteri und der interstitielle Teil der Tube verbinden sich nicht unmittelbar, sondern dazwischen ist der sog. Übergangsteil von 3,36-4, 02mm eingeschaltet. 2) Der interstitielle Teil ist 7,02-11,40mm lang. 3) Er verläüft geradlinig, bogénartig oder S-förmig gewunden. 4) Sein Verlauf ist beiderseits bei demselben Individuum nicht immer symmetrisch. 5) In der Schleimhaut der interstitiellen Teiles verlaufen 4 Hauptfalten und 1-2 kleine Fältchen entlang des Tubenverlaufes. 6) Entweder vom uterinen Ende des interstitiellen Teiles oder vom lateralen Ende des Übergangsteiles zeigen sich die inneren Längsmuskelfasern der Tube. Sie sind am dickesten an der uterinen Hälfte und am Mittelteil des interstitiellen Teiles.\nSie sind 0,34-0,10mm dick. 7) Die Ringsmuskelfasern zeigen sich auch entweder vom uterinen Ende des interstitiellen Teiles oder vom lateralen Ende des Übergangsteiles. Sie sind am dickesten an der uterinen Hälite und am Mittelteil des interstitiellen Teiles. Sie sind 0,67-0,22mm dick. 8) Das Lumen des interstitiellen Teiles buchten sich an mehreren Stellen aus, aber im ganzen verengert sich das Lumen allmählich mit dem Verlauf. Die Lumenweite ist am uterinen Ende oder am Mittelteil der Pars interstitialis tubae am weitesten und beträgt 0,188-0,062m㎡. Sie ist am lateralen Ende oder am Mittelteil der Pars interstitialis tubae am engsten und beträgt 0,029-0,018m㎡.
Außenpolitische Strategien und Zielkonflikte der Entscheidungsträger (1981)

Eine Analyse der Außenpolitik, die mehr leisten will als die Schilderung der Aufeinanderfolge von Ereignissen und Reaktionen auf Bedrohungen von außen, muß von der Annahme ausgehen, daß der Außenpolitik eine Strategie zugrunde liege1; der Begriff „Strategie“umspannt sowohl die innenpolitischen Orientierungen und Bedingungen der Außenpolitik als auch grundsätzliche Überlegungen über die Beziehungen zu anderen Mächten. Strategie im Sinne dieser Definition erlaubt die Verbindung verschiedener Komponenten zu einem Handlungs- und Verhaltensmuster, das es ermöglicht, die Faktoren herauszufiltern, die für die Außenbeziehungen eines Staates relevant sind. Die Analyse außenpolitischer Strategien stellt die historischen Perspektiven und Vorbelastungen im Selbstverständnis der politischen Handlungsträger heraus2, klärt den Stellenwert sowohl innenpolitischgesellschaftlicher Gegebenheiten und,,operative ideals“als auch zwischenstaatlicher bzw. internationaler Aspekte (Völkerrecht usw.) und Faktoren und erläutert schließlich das Instrumentarium und die Methoden der außenpolitischen Aktionen und Reaktionen. Für analytische Zwecke ist Strategie eine Denkfigur, die der Einbettung von Vorgängen, Aspekten und Strukturen in Zusammenhänge dient und helfen soll, langfristige Perspektiven zu erschließen. Sie bündelt die von den Entscheidungsträgern wahrgenommenen bzw. ausgewerteten Bedingungen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen, die die innenpolitischen Voraussetzungen und die internationale Konstellation als Operationsfeld englischer Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik zu bieten schienen.
QoI Resistance in Sugar Beet Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe betae) in Scandinavia (2019)

Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe betae is one of the major fungal diseases in sugar beet in Denmark and Sweden. Frequent applications of fungicides mitigate the risk of powdery mildew epidemics and, consequently, reduce yield losses conferred by the disease. So far, mixtures of quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) and triazoles have provided good efficacy against E. betae in field trials and common farming practice. However, development of fungicide resistance is a real risk, because only a limited number of active ingredients are available for the control of powdery mildew in sugar beet, and several other active ingredients are expected to be banned following reevaluation when the most recent European Union legislation is implemented. The G143A mutation associated with QoI resistance has been previously found in the United States. In this brief, its presence in Europe is reported for the first time. The current finding strongly encourages the adoption of anti-resistance strategies that minimize the spread of QoI resistance in sugar beet powdery mildew. Those strategies should be based on integrated pest management measures, including disease monitoring, the use of resistant cultivars, and the use of biological products. A sole reliance on QoI fungicides for sugar beet powdery mildew control should be avoided.
Digital control of sample introduction and data readout in gas chromatography (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDigital control of sample introduction and data readout in gas chromatographyJames E. OberholtzerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1967, 39, 8, 959–964Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60252a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60252a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of Murine Subcutaneous and Intravenous Benzo(rst)pentaphene Carcinogenesis by Sweet Orange Oils and d-Limonene (1971)

Injectionsof orange oils with Orange oils, injection of low and high terpene d-limonene, content, d-limonene Murine subcutaneous and intravenous Benzo(rst)pentaphene and a mixture of Carcinogenesis d-limonene and 6% Tumor incidence of its hydroperoxide, were made into the same site of C57BL/6 Jax mice 24 h after subcutaneous injections of 25 μg of dibenzpyrene (DBP) in tricaprylin. This procedure reduced the tumor incidence to less than 50% after 30 weeks (compared with 80% in controls receiving the carcinogen alone or the carcinogen followed by tricaprylin). The time of latency was markedly prolonged. In A mice with spontaneous adenomas and adenomas induced with sc carcinogen, orange oils, as well as limonene, reduced the incidence of lung adenomas when given weekly for from 13 to 16 weeks. The acceleration of tumor growth usually observed following the transfer of multiple pooled carcinogen injection sites into new hosts was inhibited by orange oils.
A cross-language state mapping approach to bilingual (Mandarin-English) TTS (2008)

We propose a cross-language state mapping approach to HMM-based bilingual TTS. Two language-dependent decision trees are built first with a bilingual speech database recorded by a single speaker. A state mapping for every leaf node in the decision tree of a target language is created by finding the nearest leaf node in the tree of a source language. Kullback-Leibler divergence between two distributions is used to find the nearest leaf node. To synthesize target language speech by a monolingual, (source language) speaker's voice, we find HMM parameters trained by the monolingual (source language) speaker in the mapped leaf nodes. Similar mappings can be constructed by reversing the source and target languages. With these bi-directional cross-lingual mappings, we can synthesize bilingual or mixed-code speech by HMMs trained by any monolingual speaker. High voice (speaker) similarity is preserved in synthesized speech of the target language. Two perceptual tests on synthesized Mandarin speech confirms high intelligibility with a Chinese character transcription accuracy of 92.1% and an MOS score of 3.08.
<title>Use of quality assurance procedures for FTIR field measurement data</title> (1999)

The OP-FTIR measurement technique and other remote sensing systems (for example UV-DOAS and TDL) become more and more established methods to monitor the ambient air quality. Some quality assurance procedures have to be done on the field measurement data to get more reliable results. Both the German and US-EPA standardization documents for the OP-FTIR technique prescribe such procedures to check the data. To assess the applicability of these procedures, OP-FTIR field measurement data of a three month continuous measurement campaign were evaluated concerning the signal strength, the influence of stray light, water vapor concentration, baseline noise, wave number shifts and the detection limits. In addition the long time signal stability of the OP-FTIR systems and the UV-DOAS systems are intercompared. The results of the several quality assurance procedures will be presented in this paper.
Effects of movement-related cortical activities on pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials following CO2laser stimulation in normal subjects (1993)

We investigated the change in pain perception produced by the application of movement and vibration to areas adjacent to, and remote from, the painful stimulus. Pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials (pain SEPs) and the pain threshold were evaluated following CO2 laser stimulation in 17 normal subjects. The concurrent application of vibratory stimuli and the voluntary movement of the fingers of the hand to which the pain stimulus was applied significantly reduced and prolonged the pain SEPs and increased the pain threshold, consistent with the gate control theory. Pain SEPs were also significantly attenuated by voluntary (P < 0.001) and passive (P < 0.02) movement of the remote areas such as the foot, but the pain threshold was unaffected. This finding was not produced by vibration or movement imagery of the limbs without active movement. Therefore, interactions between pain perception and movement-related cortical activities must take place in some areas of the brain without relieving pain.
Roles of Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release in agonist-induced contractions in guinea pig trachea (1994)

The contribution of receptor-operated Ca2+ channels (ROCs), voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (VOCs), and intracellular Ca2+ release to contractions induced by a range of stimuli in the guinea pig isolated trachea has been evaluated. In the presence of physiological Ca2+ (1.3 x 10(-3) M), tissue pretreatment with ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) (4 x 10(-3) M for 5 min) markedly inhibited (> 90%) the contractile responses to a range of agonists. Therefore, under physiological Ca2+ concentration, Ca2+ mobilization from internal stores appeared to make little contribution to maximum contractions. Nifedipine (10(-7) M) or verapamil (10(-5) M) abolished KCl-induced contractions but produced variable inhibition of contractions induced by other agonists. The ROC (and VOC) blocker, SK&F 96365 (10(-5)-10(-4) M), inhibited both KCl-induced contractions and the nifedipine-insensitive component of contractions induced by acetylcholine (ACh), U46619, or leukotriene D4 [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 1.7-3.8 x 10(-5) M]. Ni2+, which has ROC- and VOC-blocking actions, also abolished nifedipine-insensitive contractions induced by ACh. When Ca2+ was replaced with Ba2+, the contraction induced by ACh was blocked by nifedipine. Also, under these conditions, ACh did not increase the KCl maximum contraction. These data are consistent with there being distinct ROC and VOC influx pathways in guinea pig trachea and with ROCs playing a significant role in smooth muscle contraction.
Dimethylaluminum 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxide (2001)

[86803-85-2] C17H29AlO (MW 276.44) InChI = 1S/C15H24O.2CH3.Al/c1-10-8-11(14(2,3)4)13(16)12(9-10)15(5,6)7;;;/h8-9,16H,1-7H3;2*1H3;/q;;;+1/p-1 InChIKey = IQRLXEAJJGVEHN-UHFFFAOYSA-M (designer Lewis acid for amphiphilic alkylation,1 amphiphilic reduction,2 stereoselective Diels–Alder reaction;3 oxidative methylation4) Alternate Names: DAD. Solubility: sol CH2Cl2, toluene, hexane. Preparative Method: by reaction of a 1–2 M hexane solution of Trimethylaluminum with 1 equiv of 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol in toluene or CH2Cl2 at room temperature for 1 h.1, 2 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the concentrated reagent and solutions are highly flammable and must be handled in the absence of oxygen and moisture. Solutions should be used as prepared for best results.
Windows and Facades Retrieval using Similarity on Graph of Contours (2009)

International audience
Understanding computer mediated social experience (2005)

A group of 9 graduate students and one faculty member formed an extra-curricular study group to explore the social nature of online learning. Following a review of literature and adopting Strauss's (1993) framework for coming to understand social activity, the group collected and analyzed interview reports of experiences of social learning and online systems. The results include five categories of responses: 1) task engagement, 2) social engagement, 3) environment engagement, 4) goal or motivation and 5) role of expert. The paper presents the positive and negative statements about social engagement and the role of expert in gaming and learning experiences and in online and face-to-face experiences.
Teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana L.) Seed Production: Effect of Sowing Date, Seed Rate and Cutting Management on Seed Yield (2022)

Teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana L.) is a popular herbage crop in Nepal. Although farmers produce teosinte seeds, management for maximizing seed yield is unknown. A study was undertaken to investigate teosinte seed yield in order to explore the seed production potential of teosinte for maximizing herbage yield. There were four different sowing dates (30 March, 30 April, 30 May and 30 June), four seed rates (20, 40, 60 and 80 kgha−1) and three herbage cuttings (nil, once at 45 days after sowing (DAS), twice at 45 and 75 DAS) arranged in a split-split plot design. In both years, the highest seed yield was obtained from the two earliest sowings because they had taller plants, more tillers, a higher leaf area index (LAI) and more cobs per plant, ears per cob and seeds per ear than later sown plants. In 2017, seed yield did not differ among the seed rates because of adverse climatic conditions; however, in 2018 the two lower seed rates out yielded the two highest seed rates. Cutting twice significantly reduced seed yield in both years; one cut did not reduce seed yield in 2017 but it did so in 2018. These results suggest teosinte seed crops should be sown early at a seed rate between 20 to 40 kgha−1. An economic analysis indicated that the traditional farmer practice of taking one herbage cut from their seed crop would not affect the gross margin.
Multicast Extensions to DS-Lite Technique in Broadband Deployments (2011)

This document proposes a solution for the delivery of multicast
service offerings to DS-Lite serviced customers. The proposed solution
relies upon a stateless IPv4-in-IPv6 encapsulation scheme and does not
require performing any NAT operation along the path used to deliver
multicast traffic.
Construction and intergeneric conjugative transfer of a pSG5-based cosmid vector fromEscherichia colito the polyisoprene rubber degrading strainMicromonospora aurantiacaW2b (2002)

A non-rubber degrading mutant of the polyisoprene rubber degrading bacterium Micromonospora aurantiaca W2b lacking the capability to form halos on latex overlay agar plates was isolated after N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. A 10.3-kb shuttle cosmid vector pGM446 was constructed from the Streptomyces cloning vectors pGM160 and pOJ446. This vector was transferred by conjugation from Escherichia coli to M. aurantiaca W2b. The frequency of formation of exconjugants with pGM446 was 3.6 x 10(-3). This vector could be useful for shotgun cloning of genes into the non-rubber degrading mutant L1 from M. aurantiaca W2b.
The Bet v 1 fold: an ancient, versatile scaffold for binding of large, hydrophobic ligands (2008)

The ubiquitous distribution of Bet v 1-related proteins among all superkingdoms suggests that a Bet v 1-like protein was already present in the last universal common ancestor. During evolution, this protein diversified into numerous families with low sequence similarity but with a common fold that succeeded as a versatile scaffold for binding of bulky ligands.
Fluorescence Approaches to Growing Macromolecule Crystals (2008)

Trace fluorescent labeling, typically less than 1%, can be a powerful aid in macromolecule crystallization. Precipitation concentrates a solute, and crystals are the most densely packed solid form. The more densely packed the fluorescing material, the brighter the emission from it; thus, fluorescence intensity of a solid phase is a good indication of whether or not one has crystals. The more brightly fluorescing crystalline phase is easily distinguishable, even when embedded in an amorphous precipitate. This approach conveys several distinct advantages: one can see what the protein is doing in response to the imposed conditions, and distinguishing between amorphous and microcrystalline precipitated phases is considerably simpler. The higher fluorescence intensity of the crystalline phase led the authors to test if they could derive crystallization conditions from screen outcomes that had no obvious crystalline material, but simply "bright spots" in the precipitated phase. Preliminary results show that the presence of these bright spots, not observable under white light, is indeed a good indicator of potential crystallization conditions.
Geometric cross-modal comparison of heterogeneous sensor data (2018)

In this work, we address the problem of cross-modal comparison of aerial data streams. A variety of simulated automobile trajectories are sensed using two different modalities: full-motion video, and radio-frequency (RF) signals received by detectors at various locations. The information represented by the two modalities is compared using self-similarity matrices (SSMs) corresponding to time-ordered point clouds in feature spaces of each of these data sources; we note that these feature spaces can be of entirely different scale and dimensionality. Several metrics for comparing SSMs are explored, including a cutting-edge time-warping technique that can simultaneously handle local time warping and partial matches, while also controlling for the change in geometry between feature spaces of the two modalities. We note that this technique is quite general, and does not depend on the choice of modalities. In this particular setting, we demonstrate that the cross-modal distance between SSMs corresponding to the same trajectory type is smaller than the cross-modal distance between SSMs corresponding to distinct trajectory types, and we formalize this observation via precision-recall metrics in experiments. Finally, we comment on promising implications of these ideas for future integration into multiple-hypothesis tracking systems.
Radiosensitization of lung cancer by nutlin, an inhibitor of murine double minute 2 (2006)

p53 plays a critical role in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Certain malignancies carry wild-type p53, which is frequently down-regulated by murine double minute 2 (MDM2) overexpression. Availability of a small-molecule inhibitor against MDM2, nutlin, has made it feasible to evaluate the anti-MDM2-based therapeutic strategies. The rationale for the current study is that functional p53 has been linked with improved responses to radiation treatment. Hence, this study evaluates the use of nutlin, a small-molecule inhibitor that blocks the interaction of p53 and MDM2, in sensitizing cancer cells to radiation. Expression of MDM2, p53, and p21 in both p53 wild-type and p53-defective lung cancer cell lines was examined. Clonogenic and 7-amino-actinomycin D studies were used to determine possible mechanisms of cell death. The combined effect of MDM2 inhibition and radiation on cell cycle was also studied. We found that radiosensitization by nutlin occurs in lung cancer cells with wild-type p53. There were increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest following administration of nutlin and radiation. Furthermore, the combination of nutlin and radiation decreased the ability of endothelial cells to form vasculature, as shown by Matrigel assays. Our data suggest that nutlin is an effective radiosensitizer of p53 wild-type cells. The radiosensitizing effect seems to be at least partially due to induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In addition, nutlin may be an effective radiosensitizer of tumor vasculature.
Horizontal Well Completion and Stimulation Techniques—A Review With Emphasis on Low-Permeability Carbonates (2007)

Abstract This paper presents a brief review of the available techniques in the oil and gas industry to complete and stimulate horizontal wells, with emphasis on low permeability carbonates. These techniques can also be applied in non-conventional reservoirs, particularly in tight formations. The paper starts by reviewing the lessons learned in some chalk fields in the North Sea (Dan, Halfdan, South Arne, Valhall and Eldfisk) and in a few pilot projects offshore Brazil (Congro and Enchova). Based on these lessons learned and in the broad literature, the paper devises some considerations on the methodology to select completion and stimulation techniques for horizontal wells. Cased and cemented horizontal wells, in addition to open hole and perforated/slotted liners wells are addressed. The macro aspects of field/area management are stressed as the completion and stimulation drivers. The key parameters for designing, implementing and evaluating horizontal completion and stimulation are presented, emphasizing the most common failures and the controversial aspects. The paper presents a summary of mature field and new scenarios that are candidate to horizontal completion and stimulation in Brazil and other Latin America countries. Then it makes a few comments on the resources available in Latin America to face the mentioned opportunities and related challenges. It is supposed that this brief review will be useful for the low permeability scenarios in Latin America and worldwide.