gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of cooling on cutaneous microvascular adrenoceptors in vivo in the rabbit ear (1998)

Previous studies have suggested that moderate cooling increases the responsiveness of vascular alpha2-adrenoceptors. However, limited information is available documenting the influence of temperature changes on adrenoceptor responses in the microvasculature of thermoregulatory organs (e.g., the human digit and the rabbit ear) subjected to a wide range of temperatures. In the present study, the effect of local cooling (24 degrees C) on cutaneous microvascular adrenoceptors in the ear was observed in vivo in male New Zealand White rabbits (total: 66 ears). The rabbit ear was studied in a temperature-controlled tissue bath; the ear preparation was pretreated with terazosin (an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist) (10(-5) M) or a combination of terazosin (10(-5) M) and propranolol (a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist) (10(-6) M). The microvascular diameter responses of the ear to norepinephrine (10(-11)-10(-4) M) then were determined at 24 or 34 degrees C, respectively, to determine the influences of low temperature on adrenoceptor responses to norepinephrine stimulation. The results demonstrated that low concentrations of norepinephrine induced vasodilation in arterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses. This vasodilation was followed by vasoconstriction with an increased concentration of norepinephrine in animals with alpha1-adrenergic blockade at 34 degrees C. Moderate tissue cooling increased the microvascular maximal response of the rabbit ear to norepinephrine and abolished the vasodilatation induced by a low concentration of norepinephrine. There was no significant difference in the microvascular response to norepinephrine between the two temperature conditions after simultaneous blockade of alpha1-adrenoceptors and beta-adrenoceptors. Data from the present study indicate that moderate cooling does not enhance the responsiveness of alpha2-adrenoceptors to norepinephrine. In contrast, cooling reduced the beta-adrenergic activity of arterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses after norepinephrine stimulation.
Immunoassay for trypsinogen-4 (2022)

Trypsin has been identified as a pancreatic protease comprising three isoenzymes, trypsin-1, -2, and -3. However, the gene for trypsinogen-3, PRSS3, also gives rise to additional variants, trypsinogen-4A and B, which differ from trypsinogen-3 only with respect to the leader-peptide part, and when activated are identical to trypsin-3. The unique overlapping leader peptides of trypsinogen-4A and B allowed us to develop a specific sandwich-type immunofluorometric assay that detects both these isoforms, but not trypsinogen-3 or activated trypsinogen-4. We measured the concentrations of trypsinogen-4 in various cell line lysates and bile of primary sclerosing cholangitis patients. Lysates of cell lines MDA-MB-231 and PC-3, and astrocytes contained trypsinogen-4, while the conditioned media from these cells did not, suggesting that trypsinogen-4, lacking a classical signal sequence, is not secreted from the cells. Interestingly, 5.7% of the 212 bile samples analyzed contained measurable (>2.4 μg/l) trypsinogen-4. In conclusion, we have established a specific assay for trypsinogen-4 and demonstrated that trypsinogen-4 can be found in biological samples. However, the clinical utility of the assay remains to be established.
Single‐Crystalline Nanobelts Composed of Transition Metal Ditellurides (2018)

Following the celebrated discovery of graphene, considerable attention has been directed toward the rich spectrum of properties offered by van der Waals crystals. However, studies have been largely limited to their 2D properties due to lack of 1D structures. Here, the growth of high-yield, single-crystalline 1D nanobelts composed of transition metal ditellurides at low temperatures (T ≤ 500 °C) and in short reaction times (t ≤ 10 min) via the use of tellurium-rich eutectic metal alloys is reported. The synthesized semimetallic 1D products are highly pure, stoichiometric, structurally uniform, and free of defects, resulting in high electrical performances. Furthermore, complete compositional tuning of the ternary ditelluride nanobelts is achieved with suppressed phase separation, applicable to the creation of unprecedented low-dimensional materials/devices. This approach may inspire new growth/fabrication strategies of 1D layered nanostructures, which may offer unique properties that are not available in other materials.
Proteome Analysis Reveals Phosphorylation of ATP Synthase β-Subunit in Human Skeletal Muscle and Proteins with Potential Roles in Type 2 Diabetes (2003)

Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a hallmark feature of type 2 diabetes. An increasing number of enzymes and metabolic pathways have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. However, the primary cellular cause of insulin resistance remains uncertain. Proteome analysis can quantitate a large number of proteins and their post-translational modifications simultaneously and is a powerful tool to study polygenic diseases like type 2 diabetes. Using this approach on human skeletal muscle biopsies, we have identified eight potential protein markers for type 2 diabetes in the fasting state. The observed changes in protein expression indicate increased cellular stress, e.g. up-regulation of two heat shock proteins, and perturbations in ATP (re)synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism, e.g. down-regulation of ATP synthase beta-subunit and creatine kinase B, in skeletal muscle of patients with type 2 diabetes. Phosphorylation appears to play a key, potentially coordinating role for most of the proteins identified in this study. In particular, we demonstrated that the catalytic beta-subunit of ATP synthase is phosphorylated in vivo and that the levels of a down-regulated ATP synthase beta-subunit phosphoisoform in diabetic muscle correlated inversely with fasting plasma glucose levels. These data suggest a role for phosphorylation of ATP synthase beta-subunit in the regulation of ATP synthesis and that alterations in the regulation of ATP synthesis and cellular stress proteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
Fluorescence concentration self-quenching dynamics in monodisperse micellar systems (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence concentration self-quenching dynamics in monodisperse micellar systemsA. V. Barzykin, V. F. Razumov, and M. V. AlfimovCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 12, 4814–4818Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100165a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100165a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views351Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Color recommendation system combining design concepts with interactive customers preference modeling from context changes (2010)

Colors play an important role for customers in making decisions on what they like or dislike. Frequently, customers are overloaded by color combinations to consider and they may not have the time or knowledge to personally evaluate all these combinations in a product design. This paper proposes a color recommendation system which includes design concepts as rules constraining the interactive search made by genetic algorithms to follow customer preferences. As the search space is very large and it changes with contextual information, proposed system combines graph coloring techniques with artificial neural networks to keep color restrictions during system evolution and model the fitness function provided by customers. In order to illustrate an application of proposed system, building images are used as example. After including conceptual coloring rules for building images in the system by two different methods, a questionnaire study was used to verify which approach suggested better images according to customer preferences. Experiments demonstrate that only if contextual information is included in the learning process system predictions keep close to customer's evaluation.
Bearingless Five-Axis Rotor Levitation with Two Pole Pair Separated Conical Motors (2009)

In some high performance applications, such as high speed rotating machinery, systems where access for maintenance is limited, or operating environments with extreme temperatures and pressures, motors without mechanical bearings would be preferred. This paper presents the theory, simulation, and lab results of a new type of fully magnetically levitated bearingless motor. The motors are wound without internally connecting the pole pairs, and force is controlled by varying rotor reference frame d-axis current to each pole pair. This in turn raises or lowers the flux caused by the permanent magnets, creating a flux imbalance on the periphery of the rotor, which in turn creates a net force on the rotor. The conical shape of the motor allows forces to be created in both radial and axial directions, allowing these motors full 5-axis levitation.
Root‐zone acidity affects relative uptake of nitrate and ammonium from mixed nitrogen sources (1990)

Soybean plants (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Ransom) were grown for 21 days on 4 sources of N (1.0 mM NO3-, 0.67 mM NO3- plus 0.33 mM NH4+, 0.33 mM NO3- plus 0.67 mM NH4+, and 1.0 mM NH4+) in hydroponic culture with the acidity of the nutrient solution controlled at pH 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, and 4.5. Dry matter and total N accumulation of the plants was not significantly affected by N-source at any of the pH levels except for decreases in these parameters in plants supplied solely with NH4+ at pH 4.5. Shoot-to-root ratios increased in plants which had an increased proportion [correction of proporiton] of NH4(+)-N in their nutrient solutions at all levels of root-zone pH. Uptake of NO3- and NH4+ was monitored daily by ion chromatography as depletion of these ions from the replenished hydroponic solutions. At all pH levels the proportion of either ion that was absorbed increased as the ratio of that ion increased in the nutrient solution. In plants which were supplied with sources of NO3- plus NH4+, NH4+ was absorbed at a ratio of 2:1 over NO3- at pH 6.0. As the pH of the root-zone declined, however, NH4+ uptake decreased and NO3- uptake increased. Thus, the NH4+ to NO3- uptake ratio declined with decreases in root-zone pH. The data indicate a negative effect of declining root-zone pH on NH4+ uptake and supports a hypothesis that the inhibition of growth of plants dependent on NH4(+)-N at low pH is due to a decline in NH4+ uptake and a consequential limitation of growth by N stress.
ChemInform Abstract: Obscuraminols, New Unsaturated Amino Alcohols from the Tunicate Pseudodistoma obscurum: Structure and Absolute Configuration. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two-locus linkage analysis using recombinant inbred strains and Bayes' theorem. (1990)

Recombinant inbred (RI) strains are useful in linkage analysis and gene mapping. The currently available statistical tests of linkage using data derived from the study of RI strains, including a previous Bayesian analysis, have not been stringent enough guides for conclusions about linkage. In this paper, the probability of linkage was estimated using Bayes' theorem. Tables are presented that give the probability of linkage in sets of up to 30 RI strains and the critical values of i (the number of recombinants) in sets of up to 100 RI strains. Several means of increasing the power of RI strains in linkage analysis are discussed.
Trihalomethanes as Initiators and Promoters of Carcinogenesis (1982)

Chloroform and other trihalomethanes are contaminants of drinking water that have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic in laboratory animals. Determination of the mechanism of carcinogenicity of chloroform is required so that the animal data can be extrapolated to estimate the human health hazard. The extent of the binding of chloroform to rat liver and kidney DNA was approximately 0.1% the level of binding found for dimethylnitrosamine. Neither chloroform nor bromoform, in contrast to diethylnitrosamine-initiated GGTase-positive foci in either intact or partial hepatectomized rats, promoted with phenobarbital. Tumor-promoting activity of chloroform was indicated by the slight significant increase, compared to untreated controls, in the incidence of GGTase-positive foci in rats initiated with diethylnitrosamine (DENA) followed by the administration of chloroform twice weekly for a total of 15 doses. In this study, rats administered only the DENA or the chloroform did not contain an increased incidence of GGTase-positive foci compared to untreated controls. However, the incidence of foci in the group that received DENA followed by chloroform was not statistically different from that in either the group that received only the DENA or only the chloroform. In conclusion, we were unable to demonstrate tumor-initiating activity for chloroform, and the tumor-promoting activity of chloroform indicated by our results requires further confirmation.
Intuitive Interference in Geometry: An Eye‐Tracking Study (2020)

ABSTRACT Interference of irrelevant salient variables may cause difficulties for students. This study focused on eye tracking during the comparison of perimeters task, in which area is the interfering irrelevant salient variable. There were three trial types: congruent (larger area—larger perimeter), incongruent inverse (larger area—smaller perimeter), and incongruent equal (larger area—equal perimeter). Behavioral findings corroborated previous studies: congruent trials yielded higher accuracy and a shorter reaction time than did incongruent trials. Surprisingly, the area saliency could not be revealed in fixation location and duration measurements in incongruent inverse trials nor in the heat maps for incongruent inverse or incongruent equal trials, suggesting that such processing does not require overt attention; measures of attention shift from one geometrical shape to another were higher for incongruent equal trials, as was pupil dilation, suggesting that greater effort is associated with solving incongruent equal trials.
Tomodensitométrie cardiaque : tour d’horizon et perspectives (2023)

Recent technical improvements have led to a decrease of scanning duration in computed tomography and opened the doors to cardiac imaging, particularly for coronary applications. Recently, large studies have compared anatomical and functional testing in coronary artery disease, showing at least similar results in terms of long-term cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Adding functional to anatomical information aims to make CT a « one-stop shop » in investigating coronary artery disease. Moreover, computed tomography has emerged in the planning of several percutaneous interventions, in addition to other modalities like transesophageal echocardiography.
Study of gene transfer in vitro and in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice from Lactococcus lactis strains to various strains belonging to human intestinal flora. (1994)

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in dairy products requires evaluation of the DNA transfer capacity from such organisms among the human intestinal microflora. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo [in the digestive tract (DT) of mice] transfer from Lactococcus lactis donor strains of the conjugative plasmid pIL205 (CmR) and the non-conjugative plasmid pIL253 (EmR) to: (1) recipient strains isolated from human faecal flora Bacteroides sp., Bifidobacterium sp., Peptostreptococcus sp. (strictly anaerobic bacterial strains) and Enterococcus faecalis, (2) a whole human faecal flora, was studied. In both cases, no gene transfer was observed to strictly anaerobic bacterial strains. DNA transfer was only observed to the E. faecalis strain: in vivo CmR E. faecalis transconjugants were isolated from sequentially multi-associated mice and when the recipient strains associated with the mice, they were a defined mixture of Bacteroides sp., Bifidobacterium sp., Peptostreptococcus sp. and E. faecalis strains. When mice were associated with the whole human faecal flora, the plasmid pIL205 was transferred into some facultative anaerobic streptococci. It was also shown that DNA transfer occurred even when the lactococcal donor strain was transient in the DT of the gnotobiotic host animals.
SQUID-Based Microtesla MRI for In Vivo Relaxometry of the Human Brain (2009)

SQUID-based MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) at microtesla fields has developed significantly over the past few years. Here we describe application of this method for magnetic relaxation measurements in the living human brain. We report values of the longitudinal relaxation time T1 for brain tissues, measured in vivo for the first time at microtesla fields. The experiments were performed at 46 muT field using a seven-channel SQUID system designed for microtesla MRI and MEG. Values of T1, measured for different tissues at this field, are found to be close (within 5%) to the corresponding values of the transverse relaxation time T2 at the same field. Implications of this result for imaging contrast in microtesla MRI are discussed.
Encoding and combining knowledge to speed up reinforcement learning (2015)

Reinforcement learning algorithms typically require too many 'trial-and-error' experiences before reaching a desirable behaviour. A considerable amount of ongoing research is focused on speeding up this learning process by using external knowledge. We contribute in several ways, proposing novel approaches to transfer learning and learning from demonstration, as well as an ensemble approach to combine knowledge from various sources.
High‐yield trapping of EGF‐induced receptor dimers by chemical cross‐linking 1 (1989)

The binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to its plasma membrane receptor results in the stimulation of a tyrosyl residue-specific protein kinase, which has been shown to be part of the receptor. The mechanism by which EGF binding give rise to the stimulation of kinase activity is not understood in detail; however, a number of recent studies have implicated receptor dimerization or oligomerization in this process. We prepared Triton X-100 extracts of A431 cells in which the concentration of EGF receptors was on the order of 10(-7) M. When samples of the extracts were incubated with or without EGF and then treated with the high-yield cross-linking reagent bis(sulfosuccinimidyl)suberate (BS3), covalent receptor dimers could be detected in high yield in samples that had been treated with both EGF and BS3, whereas only monomeric receptor was detected in untreated samples or in samples that had been treated with either EGF or BS3. The yield of receptor dimers trapped by cross-linking correlated with the stimulation of autophosphorylation by EGF and with the concentration of EGF present. EGF-induced receptor dimers were also efficiently cross-linked in highly purified receptor preparations, suggesting that EGF-induced dimerization is a process intrinsic to the receptor, requiring no additional accessory proteins.
SELF RATED HEALTH IS ASSOCIATED WITH SERUM GLUCOSE AMONG ELDERLY LIVING AT RURAL AREA IN GUINEA (2017)

Aim: SRH is an important outcome measure along with mortality, morbidity, and clinical outcomes. To our knowledge, however, little is known about the association between SRH and comprehensive geriatric functions in Guinea. We examined the association between SRH and comprehensive geriatric functions in rural area in Guinea. Methods: The study population consisted of 129 people aged 60 and older (men=42, women=87, mean age 68.59 ± 7.5) living in Bossou, Nzerekore prefecture, Guinea in 2009. They were screened by the self-reported questionnaire contain SRH, basic ADL, moods, life styles and medical conditions. Furthermore, medical doctor checked blood serum and hemoglobin simply. SRH was assessed with the following question, “How would you rate your current health status?” using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (worst=0 to best=100). Mood was assessed with the following question, “Do you often feel discourage yourself?” Using the median SRH score of 43, we defined participants with a SRH score >43 as the high SRH group and those with a score ≤43 as the low SRH group. Result: Elderly people with low SRH had significantly higher glucose serum, lower scores for each ADL item, functional reach length and self-rated happiness compared to those with low SRH. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that SRH is associated not only physical disabilities but also serum glucose among the community-dwelling elderly in Guinea. This suggests that SRH reflects some unperceived medical conditions especially diabetes. Medical examinations are useful for detecting early unperceived medical conditions and prevention of disease.
Isolation and Culture of Rat Embryonic Neural Cells: A Quick Protocol (2012)

We are describing a quick method to dissociate and culture hippocampal or cortical neurons from E15-17 rat embryos. The procedure can be applied successfully to the isolation of mouse and human primary neurons and neural progenitors. Dissociated neurons are maintained in serum-free medium up to several weeks. These cultures can be used for nucleofection, immunocytochemistry, nucleic acids preparation, as well as electrophysiology. Older neuronal cultures can also be transfected with a good efficiency rate by lentiviral transduction and, less efficiently, with calcium phosphate or lipid-based methods such as lipofectamine.
A low-power 2.4-GHz transmitter/receiver CMOS IC (2003)

A 2.4-GHz CMOS receiver/transmitter incorporates circuit stacking and noninvasive baseband filtering to achieve a high sensitivity with low power dissipation. Using a single 1.6-GHz local oscillator, the transceiver employs two upconversion and downconversion stages while providing on-chip image rejection filtering. Realized in a 0.25-μm digital CMOS technology, the receiver exhibits a noise figure of 6 dB and consumes 17.5 mW from a 2.5-V supply, and the transmitter delivers an output power of 0 dBm with a power consumption of 16 mW.