gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic Interactions Between Ships In Shallow Water. (1977)

A method is developed for predicting the forces and moments acting on a vessel due to the hydrodynamic interactions between Vessels in a passing situation. The lateral separation between the vessels is assumed large so that the vessels are in each other's far field. The speed of the interacting vessels is small so that the free surface effects are neglected. The water depth is assumed small so that the ship is close to the bottom. Two cases are investigated, namely, the case when the ship touches the bottom (two dimensional problem), and the case when there is a slight gap beneath the keel (shallow water problem. &amp;&amp;The general problem is solved using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. In the far field, the body and vorticity in the unsteady wake region are represented by a distribution of sources and vortices. As typical of slender body theories, the source strength can be directly related to the body geometry. The vorticity must be determined by the solution of a pair of coupled singular integral equations. The integral equations are solved by a successive approximation scheme. The side forces and yaw moments are calculated using the source and Vortex strengths. &amp;&amp;Numerical results are presented. Due to the lack of experimental data, comparison with experimental results are made for the two dimensional problem only. Qualitative agreements between the numerical and experimental results are indicated.
Regulation of the breast cancer stem cell phenotype by hypoxia-inducible factors (2015)

The small subpopulation of breast cancer cells that possess the capability for self-renewal and formation of secondary tumours that recapitulate the heterogeneity of the primary tumour are referred to as tumour-initiating cells or BCSCs (breast cancer stem cells). The hypoxic tumour microenvironment and chemotherapy actively induce the BCSC phenotype. HIFs (hypoxia-inducible factors) are required and molecular mechanisms by which they promote the BCSC phenotype have recently been delineated. HIF inhibitors block chemotherapy-induced enrichment of BCSCs, suggesting that their use may improve the response to chemotherapy and increase the survival of breast cancer patients.
Effects of Lipooligosaccharide Inner Core Truncation on Bile Resistance and Chick Colonization by Campylobacter jejuni (2013)

Campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterium that causes diarrhea worldwide, and chickens are considered the main reservoir of this pathogen. This study investigated the effects of serial truncation of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), a major component of the outer membrane of C. jejuni, on its bile resistance and intestinal colonization ability in chickens. Genes encoding manno-heptose synthetases or glycosyltransferases were inactivated to generate isogenic mutants. Serial truncation of the LOS core oligosaccharide caused a stepwise increase in susceptibilities of two C. jejuni strains, NCTC 11168 and 81-176, to bile acids. Inactivation of hldE, hldD, or waaC caused severe truncation of the core oligosaccharide, which greatly increased the susceptibility to bile acids. Both wild-type strains grew normally in chicken intestinal extracts, whereas the mutants with severe oligosaccharide truncation were not detected 12 h after inoculation. These mutants attained viable bacterial counts in the bile acid-free extracts 24 h after inoculation. The wild-type strain 11-164 was present in the cecal contents at >10(7) CFU/g on 5 days after challenge infection and after this time period, whereas its hldD mutant was present at <10(3) CFU/g throughout the experimental period. Trans-complementation of the hldD mutant with the wild-type hldD allele completely restored the in vivo colonization level to that of the wild-type strain. Mutants with a shorter LOS had higher hydrophobicities. Thus, the length of the LOS core oligosaccharide affected the surface hydrophobicity and bile resistance of C. jejuni as well as its ability to colonize chicken intestines.
Fast Estimation of Broncho-Fiberoscope Egomotion for Ct-Guided Transbronchial Biopsy (2006)

The paper addresses the problem of very fast real-time estimation of forward and backward broncho-fiberoscope egomotion during the medical procedure of transbronchial biopsy. The proposed algorithm significantly differs from standard egomotion routines since it exploits specific rotational features of the bronchoscopic images resulting from the approximate cylinder-like structure of airway segments. The method is described in detail in the paper and tested on synthetic and real-word endoscopic images. Reported results explicitly confirm its efficiency.
Podocyte-specific knockout of myosin 1e disrupts glomerular filtration (2012)

Myosin 1e (myo1e) is an actin-dependent molecular motor that plays an important role in kidney functions. Complete knockout of myo1e in mice and Myo1E mutations in humans are associated with nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that myo1e is necessary for normal functions of glomerular visceral epithelial cells (podocytes) using podocyte-targeted knockout of myo1e. Myo1e was selectively knocked out in podocytes using Cre-mediated recombination controlled by the podocin promoter. Myo1e loss from podocytes resulted in proteinuria, podocyte foot process effacement, and glomerular basement membrane disorganization. Our findings indicate that myo1e expression in podocytes is necessary for normal glomerular filtration and that podocyte defects are likely to represent the primary pathway leading to glomerular disease associated with Myo1E mutations.
Improving server software support for simultaneous multithreaded processors (2003)

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) represents a fundamental shift in processor capability. SMT's ability to execute multiple threads simultaneously within a single CPU offers tremendous potential performance benefits. However, the structure and behavior of software affects the extent to which this potential can be achieved. Consequently, just like the earlier arrival of multiprocessors, the advent of SMT processors prompts a needed re-evaluation of software that will run on them. This evaluation is complicated, since SMT adopts architectural features and operating costs of both its predecessors (uniprocessors and multiprocessors). The crucial task for researchers is to determine which software structures and policies - multi-processor, uniprocessor, or neither - are most appropriate for SMT.This paper evaluates how SMT's changes to the underlying hardware affects server software, and in particular, SMT's effects on memory allocation and synchronization. Using detailed simulation of an SMT server implemented in three different thread models, we find that the default policies often provided with multiprocessor operating systems produce unacceptably low performance. For each area that we examine, we identify better policies that combine techniques from both uniprocessors and multi-processors. We also uncover a vital aspect of multi-threaded synchronization (interaction with operating system thread scheduling) that previous research on SMT synchronization had overlooked. Overall, our results demonstrate how a few simple changes to applications' run-time support libraries can dramatically boost the performance of multi-threaded servers on SMT, without requiring modifications to the applications themselves.
Humpback whale sonar (1996)

During the winter months male humpback whales produce long complex sequences of sounds which have been described as song. Current hypotheses for the function of humpback whale song speculate that it serves primarily to provide other whales with information about the singer such as location and reproductive fitness. An alternative possibility, however, is that male humpback whales vocalize to obtain information about other whales through active acoustic interrogation of their environment. Specifically, it is proposed that the primary function of humpback whale song is as a long-range sonar used by males to locate other whales. The conclusions are based on (a) comparison of humpback signal types and patterns with those of other echolocating species; (b) application of the sonar equation to measured sound levels of humpback singers and target strengths of whales; and (c) humpback behaviors observed in association with singing. The complexity of humpback song in comparison to the vocalizations of bats and odontocetes is an adaptation to the long-range acoustical signal distortion caused by multipathing. Song phrases, in particular, are designed for echoic recognizability in the multipath environment.
Multi-wavelength Characterization of Multi-Order Diffractive Lenslet Arrays (2017)

Multi-order diffractive (MOD) lenslet arrays were characterized for Strehl ratio, focal ratio, and efficiency at multiple wavelengths. The focal ratios as a function of wavelength were deduced from analysis of images of illuminated lenslets.
ChemInform Abstract: Cupped‐ and Cappedophanes, Two New General Classes of Compounds with Molecular Cavities. (1989)

Abstract Key intermediate for the title compounds is the tetra(bromomethyl)terphenyl (V).
Intermolecular distance measurements in supramolecular solids: 13C–19F REDOR NMR spectroscopy of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene–fluorobenzene (1999)

The distance between the host and guest molecular components of the supramolecular inclusion compound p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene–fluorobenzene is examined by solid-state rotational-echo double resonance (REDOR) NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Unlike many compounds studied with REDOR, no isotopic enrichment is required for either interacting nuclei. The 13C NMR signal of the host methyl group is modulated by heteronuclear dipolar interactions with the 19F-containing guest in REDOR NMR experiments. REDOR curves using internuclear distances derived directly from the XRD structural unit cell fail to match those determined experimentally. This discrepancy arises from two limitations: (1) consideration of only a single C–F internuclear distance, and (2) use of a static structural model, which neglects the effect of motional averaging on the heteronuclear dipolar interaction. Dipolar interactions between the guest fluorine and both the host methyl group of the immediate host cavity and the crystallographically-equivalent methyl carbon of the adjacent host cavity must be considered in this SI2-spin system. Additionally, rapid t-butyl methyl group reorientation reduces the effective C–F dipolar interaction. When a structural model incorporating both multiple spin interactions and molecular reorientation is used, the REDOR curve approaches the experimental curve within experimental error. A mathematical treatment of the angular and distance dependence of a generalized SIn system of n-spins under motional conditions is developed. These results extend the scope of distance-determining NMR techniques such as REDOR to systems complicated by disorder, molecular reorientation and multiple-spin interactions.
La radicalización de la derecha española durante la segunda república (1931-1936). Violencia política, paramilitarización y fascistización en la crisis española de los años treinta (1990)

EL PRESENTE TRABAJO PRETENDE MOSTRAR EL ALCANCE DEL PROCESO DE RADICALIZACION DE LA DERECHA ESPANOLA DURANTE LA SEGUNDA REPUBLICA ALREDEDOR DE TRES ASPECTOS FUNDAMENTALES: LA UTILIZACION DE METODOS VIOLENTOS PARA LA CONQUISTA O CONSERVACION DEL PODER; LOS INTENTOS DE CREACION DE INSTRUMENTOS ESPECIFICOS PARA ESTA ACTIVIDAD (LA MILICIA POLITICA ARMADA) Y LA ADOPCION EN MAYOR O MENOR MEDIDA DE LOS ASPECTOS IDEOLOGICOS Y PRACTICOS, DE ORGANIZACION Y MOVILIZACION DE MASAS DE LOS MOVIMIENTOS FASCISTAS, EN UN PROCESO DE RADICALIZACION VIOLENTA QUE TRATA DE ENCUBRIR BAJO CARACTERES SUPUESTAMENTE MODERNIZADORES UNOS USOS POLITICOS Y UN ACERVO DOCTRINAL PREDOMINANTEMENTE AUTOCTONOS. TRAS UN ANALISIS INTRODUCTORIO SOBRE LA NATURALEZA DEL CONFLICTO SOCIAL, SUS INTERPRETACIONES TEORICAS Y LAS DIFERENTES MANIFESTACIONES Y ESTRATEGIAS DE LA VIOLENCIA POLITICA ANEJA AL MISMO, PASAMOS AL ESTUDIO DE LAS BASES IDEOLOGICAS CONCRETAS PARA LA SUBVERSION Y LA ACCION ARMADA EN EL PENSAMIENTO CONSERVADOR Y FASCISTA ESPANOL, PARA ABORDAR ACTO SEGUIDO EL PROCESO FACTUAL DE RADICALIZACION DURANTE LA SEGUNDA REPUBLICA CON LOS CRITERIOS DEFINIDOS DE PERIODIZACION EN CUATRO FASES (1931-1933, 1934, 1935 Y 1936) Y DE INDIVIDUALIZACION DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS POLITICAS Y ACCION VIOLENTA DE LOS GRUPOS MAS SIGNIFICATIVOS DE LA DERECHA (MONARQUICOS ALFONSINOS Y CARLISTAS, CEDISMO, CORRIENTES FASCISTAS), SIN OLVIDAR LA TENDENCIA PARALELA DE PARAMILITARIZACION E INSURRECCIONALISMO DE LA IZQUIERDA, PROCESOS ANTAGONICOS PERO EQUIPARABLES EN SU INCAPACIDAD PARA DECIDIR EN UN SENTIDO U OTRO EL CONFLICTO SOCIOPOLITICO PLANTEADO. EN ULTIMA INSTANCIA, EL EJERCITO, O AL MENOS UN SECTOR DEL MISMO, SERIA EL ENCARGADO DE ROMPER ESTE EQUILIBRIO, SUBSUMIENDO LOS PROYECTOS SUBVERSIVOS DEL CONJUNTO DE LA DERECHA E INTENTANDO UN GOLPE MILITAR CLASICO. SIN EMBARGO, LA MISMA DIVISION DENTRO DEL ESTAMENTO CASTRENSE Y LA RESISTENCIA ACTIVA DE LAS MASAS POPULARES LLEVARIAN A UNA RESOLUCION I
OATM: Occlusion Aware Template Matching by Consensus Set Maximization (2018)

We present a novel approach to template matching that is efficient, can handle partial occlusions, and comes with provable performance guarantees. A key component of the method is a reduction that transforms the problem of searching a nearest neighbor among N high-dimensional vectors, to searching neighbors among two sets of order √N vectors, which can be found efficiently using range search techniques. This allows for a quadratic improvement in search complexity, and makes the method scalable in handling large search spaces. The second contribution is a hashing scheme based on consensus set maximization, which allows us to handle occlusions. The resulting scheme can be seen as a randomized hypothesize-and-test algorithm, which is equipped with guarantees regarding the number of iterations required for obtaining an optimal solution with high probability. The predicted matching rates are validated empirically and the algorithm shows a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art in both speed and robustness to occlusions.
Bioraffineries lignocellulosiques : extraction et valorisation des hémicelluloses (2019)

L’extraction des hémicelluloses du bois en amont de la production de fibres de cellulose permet la récupération de sucres potentiellement utilisables pour la production d’alcool et de tensio-actifs. Comparez le procédé d’autohydrolyse appliqué à des hémicelluloses de bois feuillus et de résineux.
Defending Against Malware in Online Social Networks. (2010)

Against Malware in Online Social Networks.(Under the direction of Dr. Ting Yu
Lp(a): When and how to measure it (2020)

Lipoprotein(a) has long been regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, its routine use in clinical practice has been hampered by difficulties inherent in the measurement of this complex lipoprotein. The major challenges relate to its size heterogeneity and related issues including (1) use of appropriate calibrators (2) standardization of calibration protocols (3) traceability and (4) reporting units. In the UK, results from the current EQA schemes for lipoprotein(a) suggest that there is considerable work required to standardize lipoprotein(a) measurement. This is becoming increasingly pertinent with the increasing recognition of lipoprotein(a) as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in international guidelines and the emergence of novel antisense therapies to effectively reduce lipoprotein(a). This article raises awareness of the importance of measurement of lipoprotein(a) for the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk and gives guidance to clinical laboratories regarding choice of appropriate assays.
La situación de endeudamiento tras el boom inmobiliario: el crédito irresponsable, medidas que fomentan un endeudamiento responsable (2014)

En este articulo se parte de la situacion de sobreendeudamiento acaecido tras el boom inmobiliario y que se refleja en la situacion de numerosas familias que contrajeron la deuda con respecto a su vivienda en un escenario de una incesante subida de precios y una financiacion por parte de la entidad de credito con un largo plazo de amortizacion, habiendo variado actualmente de forma drastica las circunstancias. Del mismo modo, se centra el foco de atencion en la concesion irresponsable del credito por parte de las entidades de credito siendo imprescindible el deber de evaluar la solvencia del deudor y la instauracion de un sistema disciplinario ante el incumplimiento del mismo.
Catalyst Additives to Enhance Mercury Oxidation and Capture (2005)

Preliminary research has shown that SCR catalysts employed for nitrogen-oxide reduction can effectively oxidize mercury. Three different SCR catalysts are currently being studied in this project--honeycomb-type, plate-type, and a hybrid-type catalyst. The catalysts were manufactured and supplied by Cormetech Inc., Hitachi America Ltd., and Haldor-Topsoe Inc., respectively. Parametric testing was performed to investigate the contribution of flue-gas chemistry on mercury oxidation via SCR catalysts. Future work to characterize flue gas simulations typically derived from low and high sulfur bituminous coal are being performed in a stepwise manner, to avoid the constant interruptions in testing that occur when leaks in the system are generated during temperature transitions. Specifically, chlorine concentration vs. mercury oxidation correlations will be developed for each catalyst. The contributions of temperature are also being investigated. SO2 oxidation is also being investigated for each test condition.
Identification of Peripherin as a Akt Substrate in Neurons (2007)

Activation of Akt-mediated signaling pathways is crucial for survival and regeneration of injured neurons. In this study, we attempted to identify novel Akt substrates by using an antibody that recognized a consensus motif phosphorylated by Akt. PC12 cells that overexpressed constitutively active Akt were used. Using two-dimensional PAGE, we identified protein spots that exhibited increased immunostaining of the antibody. Mass spectrometry revealed several major spots as the neuronal intermediate filament protein, peripherin. Using several peripherin fragments, the phosphorylation site was determined as Ser(66) in its head domain in vitro. Furthermore, a co-immunoprecipitation experiment revealed that Akt interacted with the head domain of peripherin in HEK 293T cells. An antibody against phosphorylated peripherin was raised, and induction of phosphorylated peripherin was observed not only in Akt-activated cultured cells but also in nerve-injured hypoglossal motor neurons. These results suggest that peripherin is a novel substrate for Akt in vivo and that its phosphorylation may play a role in motor nerve regeneration.
ACCESS Magazine Issue 46 Spring 2015 (2015)

Architecture, Education, Engineering
[Spontaneous coronary dissection. Apropos of 2 cases]. (1993)

Spontaneous coronary dissection is a rare and still poorly understood pathological disease entity; the authors report two cases in which the diagnosis was reached in the context of incipient necrosis in young patients. A review of the literature reveals the main characteristics of this problem: the clinical aspect is generally that of acute coronary failure with the constitution of an infarction. The subjects are young with no risk factor but some cases of combination with a disease affecting the elastic tissue have been described. Female gender and the post-partum phase are promoting factors. Diagnosis was long established by means of autopsy but can now be based on coronary angiography. Histologically, the lesion is a hematoma which dissects the arterial wall between the internal two thirds and external third of the media. The main etiological hypothesis is acquired or congenital fragility of the media, which promotes the formation of a dissecting hematoma, however the triggering phenomenon remains poorly understood.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of An essential role for BAFF in the normal development of B cells through a BCMA-independent pathway. (2001)

The B cell activating factor BAFF (BlyS/TALL-1/zTNF4) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related ligand that promotes B cell survival and binds to three receptors (BCMA, TACI, and the recently described BAFF-R). Here we report an absolute requirement for BAFF in normal B cell development. Examination of secondary lymphoid organs from BAFF-deficient mice revealed an almost complete loss of follicular and marginal zone B lymphocytes. In contrast, mice lacking BCMA had normal-appearing B lymphocyte compartments. BAFF therefore plays a crucial role in B cell development and can function through receptors other than BCMA. PMID: 11509691
Two different kinetic chains of sling exercise therapy for vastus medialis oblique muscle (2013)

The muscle strength of vastus medialis oblique (VMO) is important for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). A suitable exercise for VMO muscle training in PFPS patients is still unknown. We followed the theories of open and close kinetic chain to design two exercises, which are sling open chain knee extension exercise and sling close chain knee extension exercise. The electromyography analysis was used to explore the different effects of the two exercises. We found that using sling exercise therapy (SET) for sling open chain knee extension exercise is directed against the quadriceps muscle training and have a recruitment effect of VMO. So, this open ic chains SET training is suggested for PFPS patients.
PU.1 is linking the glycolytic enzyme HK3 in neutrophil differentiation and survival of APL cells (2012)

The transcription factor PU.1 is a master regulator of myeloid differentiation and function. On the other hand, only scarce information is available on PU.1-regulated genes involved in cell survival. We now identified the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 3 (HK3), a gene with cytoprotective functions, as transcriptional target of PU.1. Interestingly, HK3 expression is highly associated with the myeloid lineage and was significantly decreased in acute myeloid leukemia patients compared with normal granulocytes. Moreover, HK3 expression was significantly lower in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) compared with non-APL patient samples. In line with the observations in primary APL patient samples, we observed significantly higher HK3 expression during neutrophil differentiation of APL cell lines. Moreover, knocking down PU.1 impaired HK3 induction during neutrophil differentiation. In vivo binding of PU.1 and PML-RARA to the HK3 promoter was found, and PML-RARA attenuated PU.1 activation of the HK3 promoter. Next, inhibiting HK3 in APL cell lines resulted in significantly reduced neutrophil differentiation and viability compared with control cells. Our findings strongly suggest that HK3 is: (1) directly activated by PU.1, (2) repressed by PML-RARA, and (3) functionally involved in neutrophil differentiation and cell viability of APL cells.
Generation of 3D nanopatterns with smooth surfaces (2014)

Ga implantation into Si and reactive ion etching has been previously identified as candidate techniques for the generation of 3D nanopatterns. However, the structures manufactured using these techniques exhibited impedingly high surface roughness. In this work, we investigate the source of roughness and introduce a new patterning process to solve this issue. The novel patterning process introduces an additional layer absorbing the implanted Ga, thus preventing the clustering of the implanted Ga observed with uncoated Si substrates. This process enables 3D nanopatterning with sub-100 nm lateral resolution in conjunction with smooth height transitions and surface roughness down to 4 nm root mean square. Such patterns are ideally suited for optical applications and enable the manufacturing of nanoimprint lithography templates for low-profile Fresnel lenses.