gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Voiding on Thermomechanical Reliability of Copper-Filled Microvias: Modeling and Simulation (2015)

The increase in the I/O density and the decrease in the size of electronic packages have driven the need for high-density interconnect (HDI) circuit boards that use microvias as interconnects. One challenge for HDI circuit board development is to fabricate microvias without generating voids in deposited copper structures. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of voids on the thermomechanical reliability of copper-filled stacked microvias using 3-D finite-element analysis and strain-based fatigue life estimation. It was found that microvia fatigue life was affected by geometrical void characteristics, such as shape, size, and location; microvia aspect ratio; and dielectric material properties. While voids are defects in copper-filled microvias, the existence of voids is not always detrimental to microvia reliability. For example, a microvia with a spherical void of 8% volume ratio had a 10% longer fatigue life than the same microvia without voiding. On the other hand, large voids decreased the durability of microvias-a 16% conical void resulted in a microvia fatigue life that was only 1.4% of that of a nonvoided microvia. Moreover, microvia aspect ratio is a critical parameter for reliability. The fatigue life of a voided microvia of 0.25 aspect ratio was more than two orders of magnitude longer than the fatigue life of a voided microvia of 0.75 aspect ratio with the same void volume ratio. As an outgrowth of this study, a microvia virtual qualification method is proposed. Using a combination of finite-element analysis and fatigue life prediction, the required amount of HDI board reliability testing is reduced, cutting overall development time and cost.
The sleep of co‐sleeping infants when they are not co‐sleeping: Evidence that co‐sleeping is stressful (2001)

Co-sleeping proponents consider the practice to be "natural" and a potential protection against sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); others consider the practice of an infant sleeping in the parents' bed for prolonged periods at night to place an infant at risk for harm or death. For this study, co-sleeping was investigated from a different perspective, that is, as a significant early experience to investigate as it may have implications for the infant's development. The sleep of 101 normal, full-term infants was recorded nonintrusively in the home for 24 hr periods when they were 5 weeks and 6 months old. Infants were assigned to three groups: short-term co-sleepers, long-term co-sleepers, and non-co-sleepers. Their sleep states and wakefulness were compared at the two ages and over age. At 5 weeks and 6 months, the long-term co-sleeping infants differed significantly from the non-co-sleepers on a number of measures: At 5 weeks, they showed more quiet sleep and longer bouts of quiet sleep; and at 6 months, they also showed less active sleep, fewer arousals in active sleep, and less wakefulness. Each of these differences indicates a markedly lower arousal level in the long-term co-sleeping infants. This sleep pattern has been repeatedly found to be an indicator of stress. We infer that a major source of stress for these infants is the experience of sleep disturbance documented for infants when they were co-sleeping. Based on extensive evidence for long-term effects of early stress, we conclude that co-sleeping should have significant implications for infants' neurobehavioral development.
Diverse Accessible Heterogeneous Integration (DAHI) at Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGAS) (2014)

Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGAS) under the Diverse Accessible Heterojunction Integration (DAHI) DARPA program is developing heterogeneous integration processes, process design kit (PDK) and thermal analysis tools to integrate deep submicron CMOS, Indium Phosphide (InP) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), Gallium Nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) and high-Q passive technologies for advanced DoD and other government systems.
Effective suppression of Dengue fever virus in mosquito cell cultures using retroviral transduction of hammerhead ribozymes targeting the viral genome (2009)

Outbreaks of Dengue impose a heavy economic burden on developing countries in terms of vector control and human morbidity. Effective vaccines against all four serotypes of Dengue are in development, but population replacement with transgenic vectors unable to transmit the virus might ultimately prove to be an effective approach to disease suppression, or even eradication. A key element of the refractory transgenic vector approach is the development of transgenes that effectively prohibit viral transmission. In this report we test the effectiveness of several hammerhead ribozymes for suppressing DENV in lentivirus-transduced mosquito cells in an attempt to mimic the transgenic use of these effector molecules in mosquitoes. A lentivirus vector that expresses these ribozymes as a fusion RNA molecule using an Ae. aegypti tRNA(val) promoter and terminating with a 60A tail insures optimal expression, localization, and activity of the hammerhead ribozyme against the DENV genome. Among the 14 hammerhead ribozymes we designed to attack the DENV-2 NGC genome, several appear to be relatively effective in reducing virus production from transduced cells by as much as 2 logs. Among the sequences targeted are 10 that are conserved among all DENV serotype 2 strains. Our results confirm that hammerhead ribozymes can be effective in suppressing DENV in a transgenic approach, and provide an alternative or supplementary approach to proposed siRNA strategies for DENV suppression in transgenic mosquitoes.
Heat-sensitive lambda repressors retain partial activity during bacteriophage induction (1979)

At 43 degrees C, lambda cIts prophages are "induced" and enter the lytic cycle. Lac- lysogens containing heat-inducible lambda N- prophages were superinfected with a lambda trp/lac N+cI- phage containing a lacZ+ gene whose expression is controlled by the lambda cI product (repressor). Lysogens were then heated, and the synthesis of beta-galactosidase and release of progeny phage were measured. In lambda N- cIts2 or lambda N-cIts16 lysogens superinfected with lambda trp/lac N+, beta-galactosidase appeared earlier and was synthesized more rapidly than in superinfected lysogens containing lambda N- cIts857 prophage. Even at 45 degrees C, the cI857 repressor retained some activity. Lysogens containing other N-cIts mutant prophages producing renaturable repressors were also only partially derepressed at 43 degrees C. Partial derepression of lambda "early" transcription is sufficient for induction of lambda N+ prophages.
Glycosylation of glycolipids in the Golgi complex (2007)

Gangliosides are a family of glycolipids characterized by containing a variable number of sialic acid residues. Nearly, all animal cells contain at least some class of ganglioside in their membranes, but membranes from the CNS are characterized by their high content of these lipids. The synthesis of the oligosaccharide moiety of glycolipids is carried out in the Golgi complex. In this study, I will discuss the cellular and molecular basis of the organization of the glycosylating machinery in the Golgi complex, with particular attention to the mutual relationships, sub-Golgi localization, and intracellular trafficking of glycolipid glycosyltransferases, and to their relationships with the corresponding glycolipid acceptors and sugar nucleotide donors. I will also discuss how the organization of the glycosylating machinery in the Golgi may adapt to events controlling glycolipid expression.
Synthesis of a simplified analogue of eleutherobin via a Claisen rearrangement and ring closing metathesis strategy (2005)

The enantioselective synthesis of a simplified eleutherobin analogue by ring closing metathesis (RCM) of the 2,9-divinyl-substituted tetrahydro-oxonin is described; the analogue and an advanced intermediate revealed microtubule stabilising properties in the micromolar range.
High-power nearly diffraction-limited AlGaAs-InGaAs semiconductor slab-coupled optical waveguide laser (2003)

Beam-quality measurements on the output of a 915-nm AlGaAs-InGaAs-GaAs slab-coupled optical waveguide laser (SCOWL) are reported. This device had a nearly circular mode (3.8 μm by 3.4 μm 1/e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> widths in the near-field) and was capable of a single-ended continuous-wave output power of greater than 1 W. Measurements of M <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> indicate that the SCOWL output beam is nearly diffraction-limited in both directions with M/sub x/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /spl sim/ M/sub y/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /spl sim/ 1.1 over the entire range of output powers measured.
Infectious emergencies of the head and neck: what every radiologist needs to know. (2016)

Poster: ECR 2016 / C-1089 / Infectious emergencies of the head and neck: what every radiologist needs to know. by: Faggioni, M. Gabelloni, L. Bruschini, E. Neri, S. Berrettini, S. Sellari Franceschini, D. Caramella, C. Bartolozzi; Pisa/IT
Modeling Human Zymogen Factor IX (2001)

Modern theoretical techniques are employed to provide complete three dimensional structure for the zymogen and activated forms of human coagulation factors IX and IXa. These structures are fully calcium bound and equilibrated in an electrically neutral aqueous environment. The relationship of structure to mutational data is examined. We find that a substantial relative orientational change of the catalytic domain occurs on activation. Also, we find that the electrostatistically dipolar nature of the catalytic domain is substantially modified upon activation, with cleavage of the negatively charged activation peptide leaving behind a largely hydrophobic face in factor IXa. While the backbone atoms of the catalytic residues have little relative movement, nearby loops are found that do move. The presence or absence of these changes likely defines specificity.
Metal-to-Ligand Electron Transfer in Diiminopyridine Complexes of Mn−Zn. A Theoretical Study (2001)

A series of complexes ML2(x+) (M = Mn-Zn, L = 2,6-bis(iminomethyl)pyridine) was investigated by theoretical methods. Electron transfer from the metal "t(2g)" orbitals to the ligand pi orbitals is reflected in the elongation of ligand C-N bonds and shortening of the C(py)-C(imine) bonds. Using zinc complexes as references, these deformations could be used to quantify the number of electrons transferred. Strong transfer is found in low-spin MnL2(+) (ca. 2 e) and in high-spin MnL2(+) and low-spin MnL2(2+), FeL2(2+), and CoL2(+) (ca. 1 e each). Smaller transfer is found in CoL(2)(2+), and the transfer is insignificant in high-spin MnL2(2+), NiL2(2+), and CuL2(2+). Analysis of the unpaired electron density on the metal (using the Staroverov-Davidson method) shows that the contribution of a biradical description, in which ligand radical anions are antiferromagnetically coupled to the metal center, is significant in most cases. In the case of CoL2(+) and high-spin MnL2(+), where the metal-ligand bond is weakened, it amounts to over 50% of the total transfer.
Beam Pump Balancing Based on Motor Power Utilization (1995)

ABSTRACT Recent application of a portable computer-based instantaneous power meter which is easily connected to a beam pump's switch box, has made it possible to study in detail the effect of counterbalancing on electrical consumption and operating cost. This paper describes the measurement system as well as its application to determine the power usage per pump stroke and the gear reducer torque. A simple algorithm is presented for the determination of the counterweight adjustment required to modify the peak torque or the power use. The results of accurately monitored field tests for a variety of beam pumps and well depths are presented in detail. The measurements indicate that unit balancing based on instantaneous power, yields results similar to those obtained from torque derived from dynamometer measurements using a horseshoe type load transducer. The ease of installation of the power probes compared to installation of the dynamometer makes this the preferred method for most beam pumping systems powered by electrical motors.
Method of Merging Models to Analyze the Synchronization Modes of Coupled Oscillators (2022)

The problems of analyzing the synchronization modes of coupled oscillators using Kuramoto models are considered. The method of sequential merging of oscillator models has been developed to find steady state solution of Kuramoto equations for coupled oscillators. The new approach is based on the transformation of a model of pair of synchronized oscillators into single Kuramoto oscillator. Analytical expressions defining the sequence of merging operations and the transform of coupling functions are obtained. The algorithm for merging procedure is constructed. The results of numerical experiments are presented. The proposed technique is an effective alternative to homotopy-based methods for analyzing ensembles of synchronized oscillators.
Hydroxymethylferrocene (2003)

Abstract Hydroxymethylferrocene product: hydroxymethylferrocene
Integrating Urban Heat Assessment in Urban Plans (2016)

The world is increasingly concerned with sustainability issues. Climate change is not the least of these concerns. The complexity of these issues is such that data and information management form an important means of making the right decisions. Nowadays, however, the sheer quantity of data is overwhelming; large quantities of data demand means of representation that are comprehensible and effective. The above dilemma poses questions as to how one incorporates unknown climatologic parameters, such as urban heat, in future urban planning processes, and how one ensures the proposals are specific enough to actually adapt cities to climate change and flexible enough to ensure the proposed measures are combinable and compatible with other urban planning priorities. Conventional urban planning processes and mapping strategies are not adapted to this new environmental, technological and social context. In order come up with more appropriate urban planning strategies, in its first section this paper analyzes the role of the urban planner, reviews the wide variety of parameters that are starting to be integrated into the urban planners practice, and considers the parameters (mainly land surface temperature, albedo, vegetation, and imperviousness) and tools needed for the assessment of the UHI (satellite imagery and GIS). The second part of the study analyzes the potential of four catalyzing mapping categories to integrate urban heat into spatial planning processes: drift, layering, game-board, and rhizome.
Conversion of furan derivatives for preparation of biofuels over Ni–Cu/C catalyst (2017)

Conversions of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as model components in bio-oil were investigated over Ni–Cu/C catalyst with formic acid as hydrogen donor in isopropanol solvent to produce biofuels. The effects of reaction temperature, feed ratio, and reaction time were studied. A high yield of 2-methylfuran up to 91 mol% was obtained from furfural in 8 h at 200°C, and under same conditions 80 mol% yield of 2,5-dimethylfuran could also be obtained from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in 6 h. The results verified the catalyst performance and the availability of the reaction conditions for producing biofuels from furan derivatives.
Bismuth Nanoparticle and Polyhydroxybutyrate Coatings Enhance the Radiopacity of Absorbable Inferior Vena Cava Filters for Fluoroscopy-Guided Placement and Longitudinal Computed Tomography Monitoring in Pigs (2022)

Inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) constructed with poly-<i>p</i>-dioxanone (PPDO) are promising alternatives to metallic filters and their associated risks and complications. Incorporating high-Z nanoparticles (NPs) improves PPDO IVCFs' radiopacity without adversely affecting their safety or performance. However, increased radiopacity from these studies are insufficient for filter visualization during fluoroscopy-guided PPDO IVCF deployment. This study focuses on the use of bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) as radiopacifiers to render sufficient signal intensity for the fluoroscopy-guided deployment and long-term CT monitoring of PPDO IVCFs. The use of polyhydroxybutyate (PHB) as an additional layer to increase the surface adsorption of NPs resulted in a 2-fold increase in BiNP coating (BiNP-PPDO IVCFs, 3.8%; BiNP-PPDO + PHB IVCFs, 6.2%), enabling complete filter visualization during fluoroscopy-guided IVCF deployment and, 1 week later, clot deployment. The biocompatibility, clot-trapping efficacy, and mechanical strength of the control PPDO (load-at-break, 6.23 ± 0.13 kg), BiNP-PPDO (6.10 ± 0.09 kg), and BiNP-PPDO + PHB (6.15 ± 0.13 kg) IVCFs did not differ significantly over a 12-week monitoring period in pigs. These results indicate that BiNP-PPDO + PHB can increase the radiodensity of a novel absorbable IVCF without compromising device strength. Visualizing the device under conventional radiographic imaging is key to allow safe and effective clinical translation of the device.
Changes of Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity During Treatment of Patients with Graves` Disease (1986)

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically, and serum thyrotropin-binding-inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) activity was measured by radioreceptor assay in normal subjects and in patients with Graves’ disease serially before and during treatment, and these activities were compared with each other and with thyroid hormone levels in various thyroid functional status. Correlation between serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and serum thyroid hormone level was pursued with relation to the changes of thyroid functional status in patients with Graves’ disease during treatment.
Section 8 - Regulation of growth and development (1992)

Biologia plantarum, an international journal for experimental botany founded in 1959 by Professor Bohumil NÄmec. Covers all branches of experimental botany ranging from molecular biology and biotechnology to whole-plant and stand functioning.
A Multi-Agent Multi-Tiered Approach To Information Fusion (2007)

The amount of information available to decision makers today is astounding. To manage this, decision-aid software is needed that can organize and clarify large amounts of data. In this paper, we propose a multi-level, multi-agent architecture that accomplishes data fusion through layers encompassing initial data input and classification, secondary classification and grouping, and finally human-agent interaction. Small, limited-scope agents cooperate to complete the analysis/fusion process. This cooperation is mediated by corresponding opinions in the mode of belief calculus and subjective logic utilizing our evidential reasoning network (ERN). Thus, the user gains the ability to control and filter fusion activities based on the quality and pedigree of the underlying data. We present an initial set of agents along with a preliminary testing scenario and discuss the results of running the system through this scenario
Methionine metabolism in BHK cells: Preliminary characterization of the physiological effects of cycloleucine, an inhibitor of S‐adenosylmethionine biosynthesis (1978)

Abstract Cycloleucine is in vitro a competitive inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase, an enzyme involved in S‐adenosylmethionine biosynthesis. The physiological effects of this drug on baby hamster kidney cells have been studied. When cells are grown in a medium containing 10 μM methionine, cycloleucine is an inhibitor of cell proliferation; high concentrations of methionine are able to withdraw this inhibition suggesting that cycloleucine toxicity is related to methionine metabolism. The drug does not primarily affect methionine uptake and its subsequent use for protein biosynthesis. Cycloleucine toxicity is correlated with a block of SAM biosynthesis and nucleic acids methylations. The actions of cycloleucine on progression in the cell cycle and DNA, RNA and protein biosynthesis are studied. The implications of these results are discussed.
2P2-C08 Localization System Based on Magnetic Map for Indoor Mobile Robot (2008)

In localization of indoor mobile robots, dead-reckoning method is generally used. However, dead-reckoning method is known that it is unreliable because of uneven floors or wheel slippage. It is therefore necessary to augment the dead-reckoning method by measuring robot's position relative to known objects in the environment. In the present study, setting up landmarks in the environment is known as a simple method. However, setting up landmarks is hard work and requires expenses. In this paper, we proposed a method of using DC magnetic field occurred in the environment to localize robot's position. In this research, we use a magnetic sensor to read DC magnetic field in the environment, and use it to build a magnetic map. By matching magnetic map with magnetic sensor's readings, the robot is possible to accurately localize.
Monitoring granule traffic in megakaryocytes (2012)

Heritable granule deficiencies have enabled the identification of proteins involved in dense granule biogenesis. Yet how these proteins are organized into pathways to create dense granules has remained unknown due to a lack of adequate cellular models to study platelet granule trafficking. Ambrosio
The AS87_04050 Gene Is Involved in Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity of Riemerella anatipestifer (2014)

Riemerella anatipestifer is reported worldwide as a cause of septicemic and exudative diseases of domestic ducks. In this study, we identified a mutant strain RA2640 by Tn4351 transposon mutagenesis, in which the AS87_04050 gene was inactivated by insertion of the transposon. Southern blot analysis indicated that only one insertion was found in the genome of the mutant strain RA2640. SDS-PAGE followed by silver staining showed that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pattern of mutant strain RA2640 was different from its wild-type strain Yb2, suggesting the LPS was defected. In addition, the phenotype of the mutant strain RA2640 was changed to rough-type, evident by altered colony morphology, autoaggregation ability and crystal violet staining characteristics. Bacterial LPS is a key factor in virulence as well as in both innate and acquired host responses to infection. The rough-type mutant strain RA2640 showed higher sensitivity to antibiotics, disinfectants and normal duck serum, and higher capability of adherence and invasion to Vero cells, compared to its wild-type strain Yb2. Moreover, the mutant strain RA2640 lost the agglutination ability of its wild-type strain Yb2 to R. anatipestifer serotype 2 positive sera, suggesting that the O-antigen is defected. Animal experiments indicated that the virulence of the mutant strain RA2640 was attenuated by more than 100,000-fold, compared to its wild-type strain Yb2. These results suggested that the AS87_04050 gene in R. anatipestifer is associated with the LPS biosynthesis and bacterial pathogenicity.