gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GLT1 gene delivery based on bone marrow-derived cells ameliorates motor function and survival in a mouse model of ALS (2021)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease. CD68-positive bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMDCs) accumulate in the pathological lesion in the SOD1(G93A) ALS mouse model after BM transplantation (BMT). Therefore, we investigated whether BMDCs can be applied as gene carriers for cell-based gene therapy by employing the accumulation of BMDCs. In ALS mice, YFP reporter signals were observed in 12-14% of white blood cells (WBCs) and in the spinal cord via transplantation of BM after lentiviral vector (LV) infection. After confirmation of gene transduction by LV with the CD68 promoter in 4-7% of WBCs and in the spinal cord of ALS mice, BM cells were infected with LVs expressing glutamate transporter (GLT) 1 that protects neurons from glutamate toxicity, driven by the CD68 promoter, which were transplanted into ALS mice. The treated mice showed improvement of motor behaviors and prolonged survival. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β was significantly suppressed, and IL-4, arginase 1, and FIZZ were significantly increased in the mice. These results suggested that GLT1 expression by BMDCs improved the spinal cord environment. Therefore, our gene therapy strategy may be applied to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS in which BMDCs accumulate in the pathological lesion by BMT.
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition and Mannich Reactions of Azlactones (2011)

Azlactones participate in stereoselective reactions with electron-deficient alkenes and N-sulfonyl aldimines to give products of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and Mannich addition reactions, respectively. Both of these reactions proceed with good to excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity using a single class of gold catalysts, namely C(2)-symmetric bis(phosphinegold(I) carboxylate) complexes. The development of the azlactone Mannich reaction to provide fully protected anti-α,β-diamino acid derivatives is described. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of several acyclic 1,2-disubstituted alkenes and the chemistry of the resultant cycloadducts are examined to probe the stereochemical course of this reaction. Reaction kinetics and tandem mass spectrometry studies of both the cycloaddition and Mannich reactions are reported. These studies support a mechanism in which the gold complexes catalyze addition reactions through nucleophile activation rather than the more typical activation of the electrophilic reaction component.
Naming in content-oriented architectures (2011)

There have been several recent proposals for content-oriented network architectures whose underlying mechanisms are surprisingly similar in spirit, but which differ in many details. In this paper we step back from the mechanistic details and focus only on the area where the these approaches have a fundamental difference: naming. In particular, some designs adopt a hierarchical, human-readable names, whereas others use self-certifying names. When discussing a network architecture, three of the most important requirements are security, scalability, and flexibility. In this paper we examine the two different naming approaches in terms of these three basic goals.
Roadblocks to caspase-dependent cell death in cancer: Therapeutic strategies. (2006)

SY11-02 Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells regulate key processes in tumor development, such as the angiogenic switch, immune escape, and metastasis. Both BM-derived hematopoietic cells (HCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to contribute to tumor vascularization. This scenario has attracted great interest because these cells may represent novel targets for therapeutic interventions, and ideal vehicles for selective gene delivery to tumors. We have recently shown that a subset of BM-derived monocytes characterized by the expression of the Tie2 receptor (designated as TEMs for Tie2-Expressing Mononuclear cells) specifically homed to sites of angiogenesis in mice, including tumors. Although TEMs expressed some endothelial cell (EC) markers, they did not differentiate into ECs in tumors. By using lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated transgenesis, we generated mice expressing GFP under the control of the Tie2 gene transcription regulatory sequences. By using this mouse model, we phenotypically characterized the TEMs, tracked their origin from the BM, and isolated them from peripheral blood (PB) and tumors to study their function. We demonstrated that TEMs represent a distinct lineage of pro-angiogenic monocytes phenotypically and functionally determined in the circulation, and we are currently performing a transcriptional profile study by comparing TEMs with other tumor-infiltrating hematopoietic subsets. Remarkably, in different experimental models, TEMs isolated from PB or tumor samples had superior efficacy in promoting angiogenesis as compared to other circulating or tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. By using a Tie2 promoter-driven thymidine kinase (tk) transgene and LV-mediated transgenesis, we generated transgenic mice that display a conditional angiogenesis-defective phenotype and dramatic tumor resistance. By using these mice and different transplantation strategies, we found that TEMs, and not EPCs, accounted for the major contribution of BM-derived cells to tumor angiogenesis. We proved the relevance of our findings in stringent models of oncogenesis, including human orthotopic brain and spontaneous pancreatic tumors. Remarkably, the selective elimination of TEMs completely prevented human glioma neovascularization in the mouse brain and induced substantial tumor regression. Our findings support the emerging paradigm that BM-derived cells recruited to tumors, rather than providing building blocks for postnatal vasculogenesis, comprise a functionally distinct myeloid lineage of paracrine inducers of angiogenesis. We are currently exploring the possibility of targeting anti-angiogenic drugs to tumors by using TEMs as gene therapy vehicles. Preliminary studies indicate that potent anti-tumor and/or anti-angiogenic molecules can be delivered to tumors via TEMs in the setting of a BM transplant, in the absence of systemic toxicity. Anti-tumor efficacy studies are ongoing and will be presented at the meeting.
Hypotension in transgenic mice expressing atrial natriuretic factor fusion genes. (1990)

Chronic regulation of the cardiovascular system by atrial natriuretic factor was investigated by generating transgenic mice with elevated hormone levels in the systemic circulation. A fusion gene comprising the mouse transthyretin promoter and mouse atrial natriuretic factor structural sequences was designed so as to target hormone expression to the liver. Hepatic expression of atrial natriuretic factor was detectable as early as embryonic day 15 in transgenic animals. In adult transgenic mice, plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor concentration was elevated at least eightfold as compared with nontransgenic littermates. The mean arterial pressure of conscious transgenic mice was 75.5 +/- 0.9 mm Hg, significantly less than that of nontransgenic siblings (103.9 +/- 2.0 mm Hg). This difference in mean arterial pressure was not accompanied by significant changes in several other physiological parameters, including heart rate, plasma and urinary electrolytes, water intake, and urine volume. This study demonstrates that a chronic elevation of plasma atrial natriuretic factor decreases arterial blood pressure without inducing diuresis and natriuresis in transgenic mice and also illustrates the value of the transgenic approach for the study of the cardiovascular system.
Simulation of Impact Test for Determining “Health” of Percutaneous Bone Anchored Implants (2006)

There is an ongoing requirement for a clinically relevant, noninvasive technique to monitor the integrity of percutaneous implants used for dental restorations, bone-anchored hearing aids, and to retain extra-oral prostheses (ear, eye, nose, etc). Because of the limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques (CT, MRI), mechanical techniques that measure the dynamic response of the implant-abutment system are being developed. This paper documents a finite element analysis that simulates a transient response to mechanical impact testing using contact elements. The detailed model allows for a specific interface between the implant and bone and characterizes potential clinical situations including loss of bone margin height, loss of osseointegration, and development of a soft connective tissue layer at the bone-implant interface. The results also show that the expected difference in interface stiffness between soft connective tissue and osseointegrated bone will cause easily measurable changes in the response of the implant/abutment system. With respect to the loss of bone margin height, changes in the order of 0.2 mm should be detectable, suggesting that this technique is at least as sensitive as radiography. A partial loss of osseointegration, while not being as readily evident as a bone margin loss, would still be detectable for losses as small as 0.5 mm.
Probing AKR1C30 and AKR1C31 with Site-Directed Mutagenesis: Identifying the Roles of Residues 54 and 56 in the Binding of Substrates and Inhibitors (2014)

Five rabbit aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) that participate in the reduction of drug ketones and endogenous ketosteroids have recently been cloned and characterized. Among them, AKR1C30 and AKR1C31 show the highest amino acid sequence identity of 91%, but markedly differ in their substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity. AKR1C30 reduces two drugs (ketotifen and naloxone) and 17-keto-5β-androstanes, whereas AKR1C31 does not reduce the two drugs, but is active towards loxoprofen and various 3/17/20-ketosteroids. In addition, AKR1C30 is selectively inhibited by carbenoxolone, valproic acid and phenobarbital. Residues A54 and R56 are located adjacent to the catalytic residue Y55 of AKR1C30. To clarify the determinants for the substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity of AKR1C30, we performed the mutagenesis of A54 and R56 to the corresponding residues (L and Q) of AKR1C31. The A54L mutation produced an enzyme that had almost the same substrate specificity as AKR1C31 and decreased the sensitivity to the inhibitors except for carbenoxolone. The R56Q mutation decreased the affinity for only carbenoxolone among the substrates and inhibitors. Thus, the difference in the properties between the two enzymes can be attributed to their residue difference at positions 54 and 56.
Research on a Dual-Chamber Stratified Charge Engine (1978)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;One alternative to the problem of improving fuel consumption while reducing high exhaust emissions is the dual chamber stratified charge spark ignition engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the various phases of the research program now being conducted. Its purpose is to better understand the basic combustion process in this type of engine and the fundamental limitations involved. Typical results obtained in the initial phases of study are illustrated.&lt;/div&gt;
Scatterless SiO_2/TiO_2 multi-layered thick UV-IR cut filter prepared by EPD system (2016)

Scatterless SiO2/TiO2 multi-layered thick UV-IR cut filter can be prepared by the new IAD method called EPD (Effective Physical vapor Deposition). In the EPD system, the ion beam (IB) from the ion source is concentrated and irradiated to one part of the rotating substrate holder and thus the substrates undergo the high density and intermittent pulsed IB irradiation. Using this EPD system, the deposition of the optical filters of the low scatter and low stress with a dense microstructure can be achieved toward to the large-area under a high rate.
Lipid accumulation in response to nitrogen limitation and variation of temperature in Nannochloropsis salina (2015)

The degree of nitrogen availability in the combination of temperature effect has been identified as the critical determinant for the maximal production of lipid in N. salina. Nevertheless, major advances in this field can be considered by studying more stresses techniques and genetic strategies.
Comparison of reducing epicardial fat by exercise, diet or bariatric surgery weight loss strategies: a systematic review and meta‐analysis (2015)

The objectives were to determine whether epicardial fat (EAT) is subject to modification, and whether various strategies accomplish this end point and the relationship between weight loss and EAT. A systematic review of the literature following meta-analysis guidelines was conducted using the search strategy 'epicardial fat' OR 'epicardial adipose tissue' AND 'diet' OR 'exercise' OR 'bariatric surgery (BS)' OR 'change in body weight' limited to humans. Eleven articles were identified with 12 intervention approaches of which eight studies showed a statistically significant reduction in EAT. A random-effects meta-analysis suggests an overall significant reduction of 1.12 standardized units (95% CI = [-1.71, -0.54], P value < 0.01). While there is a large amount of heterogeneity across study groups, a substantial amount of this variability can be accounted for by considering intervention type and change in body mass index (BMI). These variables were incorporated into a random-effects meta-regression model. Using this analysis, significant EAT reduction occurred with diet and BS but not with exercise. BMI reductions correlated significantly with EAT reductions for diet-based interventions, i.e. for some but not all interventions. In conclusion, EAT, a factor that is significantly associated with coronary artery disease, can be modified. The type of intervention, in addition to the amount of weight loss achieved, is predictive of the amount of EAT reduction.
Application of hybrid data mining methods to increase profitability of heavy oil production (2016)

In this paper, we consider the problem of increasing the efficiency of heavy oil production by a qualitative enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application. A novel approach, based on the analysis of data related to successful events, is proposed. In particular, a synthesised model, targeted to automated search of wells for EOR application, is developed. For data processing, we present a novel approach based on a hybrid implementation of neural network analysis techniques and evolutionary algorithms. The presented approach enables the selection of EOR in fuzzy, difficult to formalise, oilfield conditions and consequently reduces the dependency on human factors.
Evaluation of the oxygen requirement of lager and ale yeast strains by preoxygenation (2003)

An adequate oxygen supply is essential for yeast growth and its fermentation performance, because oxygen is crucial for the synthesis of sterols and unsaturated fatty acids. An alternative to wort oxygenation is the preoxygenation technique, in which yeast cells can be directly exposed to oxygen in a controlled process before fermentation. This paper is the result of investigating the response of two lager and six ale yeast strains to preoxygenation, whereupon yeast cells were preoxygenated in a membrane loop reactor. Successful results have been achieved in spite of the different response of every yeast strain. The buildup of sterols and unsaturated fatty acids varied considerably among the different yeast strains. Sterol concentrations increased 1.5-to 4-fold during preoxygenation, and a 1.5- to 6-fold increase in unsaturated fatty acid concentrations was also detected. Fermentation performance of the preoxygenated yeast cells was good for seven of the yeast strains. For one ale yeast, the preoxygenation procedure that we used did not bring the yeast cells to optimal conditions for beer fermentation. Formation of esters and higher alcohols was noticeably higher in beers successfully brewed with preoxygenated yeast when compared with that in beers brewed with untreated yeast. The importance of the yeast strain has been established, thereby implying the need for specific preoxygenation procedures for every yeast strain in order to optimize the process. The results show that the preoxygenation technique has considerable promise and is worthy of further examination as an interesting alternative to wort oxygenation.
Book in Brief (2000)

Journal Article Book in Brief Get access Rowena Fong Rowena Fong School of Social Work, University of Hawaii Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Children & Schools, Volume 22, Issue 3, July 2000, Page 191, https://doi.org/10.1093/cs/22.3.191 Published: 01 July 2000
Thermoresponsive biodegradable PEG‐PCL‐PEG based injectable hydrogel for pulsatile insulin delivery (2013)

An injectable biodegradable hydrogel was prepared for temperature-responsive pulsatile release of insulin. Triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) was prepared by ring opening bulk copolymerization and characterized using FT-IR, (1) HNMR, and gel permeation chromatography. Aqueous solution of PECE formed an injectable hydrogel, which was solution at room temperature and transformed into gel at 37°C. The temperature-responsive sol-gel transition and crystallinity of PECE hydrogel was studied and compared with pluronic, a well-studied nonbiodegradable injectable hydrogel. In vitro release study revealed that insulin release profile of PECE was similar to pluronic, and its viscosity was 1/30(th) of pluronic sol at 10,000 s(-1) shear rate. Release behavior of insulin from PECE hydrogels followed Fickian diffusion of first order. Insulin retained its secondary structure after release as confirmed by circular dichroism spectrum. A threefold increase in Fickian diffusion coefficient was evidenced when temperature was increased from 34 to 40°C because of crystalline melting of PCL part of PECE. Pulsatile release of insulin showed a correlation coefficient of 0.90 with the change of temperature.
Full surface strain measurement using shearography (2001)

Shearography is a full-field optical technique usually used for the determination of surface strain. Correlation of interferometric speckle patterns recorded before and after the object deformation yields fringes sensitive to displacement gradient, from which the surface strain can be calculated. A full analysis of the surface strain requires the measurement of six displacement gradient components, using three illumination directions and two directions of applied shear. Additionally shearography may be used to measure surface slope by correlation of interferograms obtained before and after a source displacement to yield fringes sensitive to surface slope. Integration of the slope yields the object shape. In this paper shearography is used to measure the six components of displacement gradient of a gas main pipe under pressure, the surface slope of the pipe and the shape of the pipe. The object slope and shape are used to correct the displacement gradient measurements for variation in sensitivity vector across the object surface and for sensitivity variations due to the dependence of the applied shear upon the local slope of the object surface. A coordinate transformation, incorporating the object shape information, is used to obtain the in-plane and out-of-plane displacement gradients relative to the local profile of the surface.
Use of a polymerase chain reaction assay to detect bovine leukosis virus in dairy cattle (2003)

A positive PCR assay result provided definitive evidence that a cow was infected with BLV. Sensitivity and negative predictive value for PCR assay were low. Consequently, PCR assay alone is unreliable for routine detection of BLV in herds with high prevalence of the disease.
An end user search service with customized interface software (1987)

Libraries are presently investigating three methods of providing&#13;\nenhanced online access to periodical information. These are: ( 1&#13;\n) mounting&#13;\ncommercially produced bibliographic databases in local online systems,&#13;\noften using the same software employed in the online catalog; (2) making&#13;\navailable fixed-cost searching utilizing optical disc (CD-ROM) databases;&#13;\nand (3) providing an end user searching service utilizing front-end search&#13;\nsoftware and/or the less expensive after-hours commercial vendor systems.&#13;\nMany academic libraries are exploring all three options. There are economic,&#13;\nservice, and retrieval advantages associated with each approach.&#13;\nClearly, the most comprehensive access to the periodical and report literature&#13;\nis through the commercial database vendors with their broad "information&#13;\nsupermarkets" and sophisticated retrieval software. This&#13;\ncontinues to be particularly true in the sciences which possess numerous&#13;\nlarge and complex databases which have not readily lent themselves to&#13;\noptical storage and retrieval technologies.&#13;\nThis article describes a project at the University of Illinois at Urbana-&#13;\nChampaign Library that has focused on the third option described&#13;\nearlier i.e., providing enhanced access to the periodical literature&#13;\nthrough an end user searching service which utilizes the commercial&#13;\ndatabase vendors. This demonstration project employs customized microcomputer&#13;\ninterface software designed to facilitate the search process for end&#13;\nusers. The service offers controlled end user searching as an option within&#13;\nan online catalog interface.
Superplastic Deformation Behavior of a Spray-Deposited Ultrahigh Carbon Steel (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
CRAN-11. MULTIPLEXED IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE REVEALS POTENTIAL PD-1/PD-L1 PATHWAY VULNERABILITIES IN CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA (2018)

Craniopharyngiomas are neoplasms of the sellar/parasellar region that are classified into adamantinomatous (ACP) and papillary (PCP) subtypes. Surgical resection of craniopharyngiomas is challenging, and recurrence is common, frequently leading to profound morbidity. BRAF V600E mutations render PCP susceptible to BRAF/MEK inhibitors, but effective targeted therapies are needed for ACP. We explored the feasibility of targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway in ACP and PCP. We quantified and mapped PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in ACP and PCP resections using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and RNA in situ hybridization. We used tissue-based cyclic immunofluorescence (t-CyCIF) to map the spatial distribution of immune cells and characterized cell cycle and signaling pathways in ACP tumor cells which intrinsically express PD-1. All ACP (15 ± 14% of cells, n=23) and PCP (35 ± 22% of cells, n=18) expressed PD-L1. In ACP, PD-L1 was predominantly expressed by tumor cells comprising the cyst-lining. In PCP, PD-L1 was highly-expressed by tumor cells surrounding the stromal fibrovascular cores. ACP also exhibited tumor cell-intrinsic PD-1 expression in whorled epithelial cells with nuclear beta-catenin. These cells exhibited evidence of increased downstream mTOR and MAPK signaling. Profiling of immune populations in ACP and PCP showed a modest density of CD8+ T-cells. ACP exhibit PD-L1 expression in the tumor cyst-lining and intrinsic PD-1 expression in cells proposed to comprise an oncogenic stem-like population. In PCP, proliferative tumor cells express PD-L1 in a continuous band at the stromal-epithelial interface. Targeting PD-L1 and/or PD-1 in both subtypes of craniopharyngioma might therefore be an effective therapeutic strategy.
Bounded-Curvature Path Normalization (2006)

We present a new normal form for bounded-curvature paths that admits a combinatorial discription of such paths and a bound on the algebraic complexity of the underlying geometry.