gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the optimal detection of an underwater intruder in a channel using unmanned underwater vehicles (2011)

Given a number of patrollers that are required to detect an intruder in a channel, the channel patrol problem consists of determining the periodic trajectories that the patrollers must trace out so as to maximized the probability of detection of the intruder. We formulate this problem as an optimal control problem. We assume that the patrollers' sensors are imperfect and that their motions are subject to turn-rate constraints, and that the intruder travels straight down a channel with constant speed. Using discretization of time and space, we approximate the optimal control problem with a large-scale nonlinear programming problem which we solve to obtain an approximately stationary solution and a corresponding optimized trajectory for each patroller. In numerical tests for one, two, and three underwater patrollers, an underwater intruder, different trajectory constraints, several intruder speeds and other specific parameter choices, we obtain new insight—not easily obtained using simply geometric calculations—into efficient patrol trajectory design under certain conditions for multiple patrollers in a narrow channel where interaction between the patrollers is unavoidable due to their limited turn rate.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011
Strategies to improve intratrain prospective motion correction for turbo spin‐echo sequences with constant flip angles (2021)

An optimization approach is proposed to exploit the potential of external tracking for intra-echo-train motion artifact correction for turbo spin echo sequences.
Comparative study of two diagnosis methods for induction machine (2005)

Intensive research efforts have been focused on the signature analysis (SA) to detect electrical and mechanical fault condition of induction machines. Different signals can be used: voltage, current, flux and power. This paper is a comparative analysis of two different diagnosis methods that are used to detect and localize failures in induction motors. The first one is based on leakage flux measurement and the second one is a diagnosis method based on current, electrical power measurement and pattern recognition. A synthesis of two methods will be developed. It mainly concerns rotor faults.
Microtubule Imaging Reveals Cytoskeletal Deficit Predisposing the Retinal Ganglion Cell Axons to Atrophy in DBA/2J (2018)

Collectively, the results indicate that the breakdown of MTs is pathology of glaucoma and likely a precursor of morphological atrophy. Based on a new finding that SHG density is highly variable and spatially discrete, a new model of RGC degeneration is proposed. This study validates SHG retinal imaging for elucidating the role and mechanism of MT deficiency in the course of glaucoma pathogenesis.
영화 과 에 나타난 성소수자에 관한 한국사회 문화다양성의 수용성 제고 (2018)

In this thesis, I examined the various absurdities, prejudices, discrimination currently undergoing in Korea society through Korean films of representing sexual diversity and . Although the perception of sexual minorities is gradually improving, Korean still has a high negative perception about it among the members of society. Furthermore, the possibilities legislating an independent law for same sex couples in other to granting legal protection to them are not high.
As a way of promoting a more positive view of Korean, providing adequate protection for LGBTQIA in Korea society, I presented it from the view of education, law and policy, and religion. The reasons for it are because the members of the societies agree that the human rights of sexual minorities should be respected. To erase the shadows of discrimination against sexual minorities, educating prospective Korea society about the complexities of sexual orientation should be a key component of multi-cultural education. we live that changing times demanded a more flexible diversity and acceptance.(Busan University of Foreign Studies)
Temperature imaging of water in a microchannel using thermal sensitivity of near-infrared absorption (2011)

This paper presents a remote and preparation-free method of temperature imaging of aqueous solutions in microchannels of microfluidic chips. The principle of this method is based on the temperature dependency of the near-infrared (NIR) absorption band (ν(2) + ν(3) band) of water. Temperature images were constructed from absorbances in a narrow wavelength range including 1908 nm, the most sensitive to temperature in the band, measured by using an NIR camera and an optical narrow-bandpass filter. Calculation and calibration results demonstrated a linear relationship between the absorption coefficient and temperature with a temperature coefficient of 1.5 × 10(-2) K(-1) mm(-1). Temperature images of 50 μm thick water in a Y-shaped PDMS microchannel locally heated by a neighboring hot wire were obtained, in which thermal diffusion processes in the microchip were visualized. Temperature resolution was estimated to be approximately 0.2 K according to the temperature coefficient and noise level.
Identification and characterization of langerin positive dendritic cells in the normal cornea and in transplantation. (145.27) (2010)

Abstract A novel population of migratory dendritic cells (DCs), distinct from Langerhans cells (LC), was recently found to which also express langerin (CD207+) and reside throughout the body (skin, lung, gut, and liver). Moreover, such CD207+ DCs were shown to be important in generating immunity. Thus, we investigated whether CD207+ DCs exist in the cornea and their possible migration to lymph nodes (LN) in corneal alloimmunity. Methods: C57BL/6 corneas (n=30) were collected and epithelium separated from stroma. Tissue was pooled separately and digested enzymatically for FACS analysis of CD45, CD11c, CD207, CD205, and CD103. Immunohistology was also examined. Furthermore, BALB/c mice were allografted with C57BL/6 corneas and LNs evaluated for corneal CD207+ DCs vs. LCs. Results: Most epithelial and stromal DCs were CD207+ and co-expressed CD205+, but only the stromal subset expressed CD103+. Interestingly, following allotransplantation, the frequency of the stromal DCs (CD11c+ CD8a- CD207+ CD103+) decreased dramatically (by 4-fold) in ipsilateral LNs relative to naïve mice; whereas, the epithelial DCs (CD103-) markedly increased. A similar, but much less dramatic, trend was seen in the contralateral LN. Conclusions: This indicates the presence of CD207+ DCs in the cornea, distinct from LCs of the epithelium. Interestingly, a dramatic and diametrically opposed flux of such stromal DCs vs. LCs to LNs following transplantation suggests potentially differing functions in alloimmunity.
Infant Saliva Levels of microRNA miR-151a-3p Are Associated with Risk for Neurodevelopmental Delay (2023)

Prompt recognition of neurodevelopmental delay is critical for optimizing developmental trajectories. Currently, this is achieved with caregiver questionnaires whose sensitivity and specificity can be limited by socioeconomic and cultural factors. This prospective study of 121 term infants tested the hypothesis that microRNA measurement could aid early recognition of infants at risk for neurodevelopmental delay. Levels of four salivary microRNAs implicated in childhood autism (miR-125a-5p, miR-148a-5p, miR-151a-3p, miR-28-3p) were measured at 6 months of age, and compared between infants who displayed risk for neurodevelopmental delay at 18 months (<i>n</i> = 20) and peers with typical development (<i>n</i> = 101), based on clinical evaluation aided by the Survey of Wellbeing in Young Children (SWYC). Accuracy of microRNAs for predicting neurodevelopmental concerns at 18 months was compared to the clinical standard (9-month SWYC). Infants with neurodevelopmental concerns at 18 months displayed higher levels of miR-125a-5p (d = 0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.018, adj <i>p</i> = 0.049), miR-151a-3p (d = 0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.017, adj <i>p</i> = 0.048), and miR-28-3p (d = 0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.014, adj <i>p</i> = 0.048). Levels of miR-151a-3p were associated with an 18-month SWYC score (R = -0.19, <i>p</i> = 0.021) and probability of neurodevelopmental delay at 18 months (OR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.14-3.19). Salivary levels of miR-151a-3p enhanced predictive accuracy for future neurodevelopmental delay (<i>p</i> = 0.010, X<sup>2</sup> = 6.71, AUC = 0.71) compared to the 9-month SWYC score alone (OR = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.20-1.58, AUC = 0.567). This pilot study provides evidence that miR-151a-3p may aid the identification of infants at risk for neurodevelopmental delay. External validation of these findings is necessary.
Leaky Gut and Severe Adverse Events in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Lenvatinib (2022)

Serum zonulin levels predict severe adverse events in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with lenvatinib.
Influence of intranasal medication on the structure of the nasal mucosa. (2002)

Damages of drugs to the nasal mucosa could be restored. The intranasal route of drug administration would be feasible and clinically applicable.
Time-domain digital pre-equalization for band-limited signals based on receiver-side adaptive equalizers (2014)

We theoretically and experimentally investigate a time-domain digital pre-equalization (DPEQ) scheme for bandwidth-limited optical coherent communication systems, which is based on feedback of channel characteristics from the receiver-side blind and adaptive equalizers, such as least-mean-squares (LMS) algorithm and constant or multi- modulus algorithms (CMA, MMA). Based on the proposed DPEQ scheme, we theoretically and experimentally study its performance in terms of various channel conditions as well as resolutions for channel estimation, such as filtering bandwidth, taps length, and OSNR. Using a high speed 64-GSa/s DAC in cooperation with the proposed DPEQ technique, we successfully synthesized band-limited 40-Gbaud signals in modulation formats of polarization-diversion multiplexed (PDM) quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and 16-QAM, and significant improvement in both back-to-back and transmission BER performances are also demonstrated.
Selective Oxidation of Semiconducting Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Hydrogen Peroxide (2005)

Selective oxidation of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by H2O2 was conducted at varying heating times and monitored by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy. A major increase in the relative absorption intensity indicated a higher than 80% concentration of metallic SWCNTs in the final product. Here, it is suggested that semiconducting SWCNTs are more reactive than metallic SWCNTs because of hole-doping by H2O2, resulting in faster oxidation.
Disruption of the sodium-dependent citrate transporter SLC13A5 in mice causes alterations in brain citrate levels and neuronal network excitability in the hippocampus (2020)

In addition to tissues such as liver, the plasma membrane sodium-dependent citrate transporter, NaCT (SLC13A5), is highly expressed in brain neurons, but its function is not understood. Loss-of-function mutations in the human SLC13A5 gene have been associated with severe neonatal encephalopathy and pharmacoresistant seizures. The molecular mechanisms of these neurological alterations are not clear. We performed a detailed examination of a Slc13a5 deletion mouse model including video-EEG monitoring, behavioral tests, and electrophysiologic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of brain and cerebrospinal fluid. The experiments revealed an increased propensity for epileptic seizures, proepileptogenic neuronal excitability changes in the hippocampus, and significant citrate alterations in the CSF and brain tissue of Slc13a5 deficient mice, which may underlie the neurological abnormalities. These data demonstrate that SLC13A5 is involved in brain citrate regulation and suggest that abnormalities in this regulation can induce seizures. The present study is the first to (i) establish the Slc13a5-knockout mouse model as a helpful tool to study the neuronal functions of NaCT and characterize the molecular mechanisms by which functional deficiency of this citrate transporter causes epilepsy and impairs neuronal function; (ii) evaluate all hypotheses that have previously been suggested on theoretical grounds to explain the neurological phenotype of SLC13A5 mutations; and (iii) indicate that alterations in brain citrate levels result in neuronal network excitability and increased seizure propensity.
Production of electronically-excited species by photoselection of pathways (POP). Final report, February 1, 1978-June 30, 1979. [F + HBr. -->. HF + Br] (1979)

The reaction studied with a view to observing POP was F + HBr ..-->.. HF + Br(/sup 2/P/sub 3/2/)(k/sub H/) and ..-->.. HF + Br* (/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/)(k/sub H/*). The findings were: (1) With thermal reagent beams (300K) the ratio k/sub H/*/k/sub H/ = 0.06. (2) Irradiation of the beam crossing point with 10/sup 8/ W/cm/sup 2/ of 943 cm/sup -1/ CO/sub 2/ TEA-laser radiation gave rise to no detectable change in Br*/Br despite the possibility of some transfer from the F(/sup 2/P/sub 3/2/) + HBr to the F*(/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/) + HBr potential energy surface. (3) A careful study of the effect on k/sub H/*/k/sub H/ of a change in the ratio F*/F in the reagents showed that (despite favorable electronic correlation) increased F*/F is not associated with increased Br*/Br. (4) Using supersonic seeded beams of F the collision energy, T, for F + HBr could be varied from T = 1 to 14 kcal mole/sup -1/, the effect of increasing T was to decrease S/sub r/(T) and S/sub r/*(T) (S/sub r/ is the reactive cross section) approximately equally, i.e. Br*/Br not equal to fn.(T). (5) The thermal reactions F + DBr ..-->.. DF + Br(k/sub D/) and ..-->.. DF + Br*(k/sub D/*) gave k/sub D/*/k/sub D/ approx. = 0.01.
Xenotransplantation of Primary CD34+CD38- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Results in an In Vivo Model of Idiopathic Myelofibrosis. (2006)

Abstract Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is characterized by clonal proliferation of abnormal myelomonocytic cells and megakaryocytes. These abnormal cells secrete various cytokines resulting in reactive fibrosis and increased collagen content in the bone marrow (BM), and lead to extramedullary hematopoiesis and the appearance of CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood (PB). Although IMF is thought to originate at the level of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), this has not been demonstrated directly in primary human IMF. To demonstrate the involvement of HSCs in the pathogenesis of IMF and to establish an in vivo model of IMF, we used the newborn NOD/SCID/IL2rg-null xenotransplantation model. We purified PB CD34+ cells from six IMF patients, transplanted 1–10 x10e4 cells intravenously into newborn NOD/SCID/IL2rg-null recipients and analyzed PB and BM human CD45+ hematopoietic cell chimerism, degree of suppression of murine hematopoiesis, presence of hallmark BM fibrosis and plasma TGF-b1 levels in the recipients at 6 months post-transplantation. Primary IMF PB CD34+ cells from five out of six patients engrafted in twelve out of twelve recipients. BM of all engrafted recipients demonstrated fibrotic changes associated with increased proliferation of murine fibroblasts, the presence of human megakaryocytes and elevated plasma TGF-b1 levels, recapitulating the clinical features of IMF. Three distinct patterns of human hematopoietic reconstitution were observed among the engrafted recipients: Predominantly malignant myelomonocytic engraftment in the PB and BM (n=4), Reconstitution of both normal human hematopoiesis (with mature B and T cells, myeloid cells and platelets) and malignant myelomonocytic cells (n=6) and Development of acute leukemia (n=2). Fibrotic change was seen even in the BM of recipients that showed normal human hematopoietic reconstitution, showing that in IMF, there is co-existence of both normal and malignant hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in the PB CD34+ fraction. Furthermore, when 5–10 x 10e3 sorted PB CD34+CD38– cells from three patients were transplanted into six newborn NOD/SCID/IL2rg-null recipients, reconstitution with human myelomonocytic cells associated with BM fibrosis was demonstrated in all recipients, with compatible level of PB and BM chimerism with those transplanted with PB CD34+ cells. These findings demonstrate that the IMF-initiating cells are contained within the HSC fraction. The newborn NOD/SCID/IL2rg-null xenotransplantation model provides an in vivo model of primary human IMF that may lead to better understanding of the mechanisms of IMF pathogenesis including the identification of IMF stem cells and may be useful for development of novel therapeutic agents for IMF.
A ingestão de alimentos funcionais e sua contribuição para a diminuição da incidência de doenças (2012)

This article aims to relate the consumption of functional foods with decreased incidence of diseases, including chronic and degenerative diseases. These physiological or metabolic effects, through the performance of some nutrient in maintaining the functions of the human organism. His performances have been studied mainly in diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases. The bibliographical study of this theme has its relevance due to increased average life of the population, which provides clarification on the relationship between the intake of adequate food and balanced with the interests of health and population for a better quality of life. Some chemical compounds that give functionality to food: carotenoids, flavonoids, fatty acids such as omega-3, probiotics, fiber and others. You can get them with a diet based on fruits, vegetables, fiber, among others. Certain foods can also be considered to be functional, however, concentrations of these nutrients are very low, which makes them not as effective. From all this it is clear that it is best to maintain a balanced and varied diet, so the body can be prevented against diseases, and if they occur, the body can react more effectively.
Amino acid budgets in three aphid species using the same host plant (2001)

Abstract. Nutrient provisioning in aphids depends both on the composition of ingested phloem sap and on the biosynthetic capabilities of the aphid and its intracellular symbionts. Amino acid budgets for three aphid species, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) and Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), were compared on a single host plant species, wheat Triticum aestivum L. Ingestion of amino acids from phloem, elimination of amino acids in honeydew, and the content of amino acids in aphids tissue were measured. From these values, ingestion rates were estimated and compared to honeydew and to estimated composition of aphid proteins. Ingestion rate was lowest in D. noxia due to low growth rate and low honeydew production; intermediate in S. graminum due to higher growth rate and intermediate honeydew production; and highest in R. padi , which had the highest rates for both variables. Both D. noxia and S. graminum induced increases in the amino acid content of ingested phloem. These changes in phloem content, combined with differences in ingestion rates, resulted in large differences among aphids in estimated rates of ingestion of individual amino acids. In honeydew, most essential amino acids were found in low amounts compared with the amounts ingested, especially for methionine and lysine. A few amino acids (arginine, cystine, histidine and tryptophan) were more abundant in honeydew of some aphids, suggesting oversupply. Aphid species differed in the composition of free amino acids in tissue but showed very similar composition in protein, implying similar requirements among the aphids. In R. padi and D. noxia , most essential amino acids were ingested in amounts insufficient for growth, implying dependence on symbiont provisioning. In S. graminum , most amino acids were ingested in amounts apparently sufficient for growth.
Estimation of the impact of leaf scorch on photosynthesis and "physiological-lesion" size in strawberry (2007)

The impact of strawberry leaf scorch, caused by Diplocarpon earlianum, on net CO2 assimilation (A) and transpiration (E) rates was determined for both greenhouse- and field-grown plants. In the greenhouse, strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) plants were inoculated with an aqueous suspension of D. earlianum (1 × 105 conidia/mL) and placed in environmental conditions to generate a range of disease severities. Photosynthesis measurements on individual leaflets of greenhouse-grown plants ('Kent') were taken in a biotron under saturating light conditions. Photosynthesis was also measured on leaflets in a naturally infected field planting of 'Jewel' in 2003. Leaf-scorch severity ranged from 0% to nearly 100% on individual leaflets. Strong negative linear correlations were found between the proportion of leaflet area with visual symptoms and A, E, and water-use efficiency (WUE = A/E). "Physiological-lesion" size was estimated to be 1.6 and 2.1 for greenhouse-grown and field-grown plants, respectively, meaning that the total area of leaflet tissue affected by leaf scorch was 1.6-2.1 times larger than the leaflet area showing visual symptoms of the disease. The larger physiological lesion found in field-grown plants may be due to field-associated stress factors or cultivar variability. The results have application for establishing guidelines for the management of foliar diseases of strawberry.
Ka-Band Branch Line Coupler Applied Hexagonal Waveguide Suitable for Additive Manufacturing (2018)

A hexagonal waveguide branch line coupler suitable for additive manufacturing is proposed in this study, and its design method is elucidated. The additive manufactured Ka-band coupler exhibits characteristics similar to those of a machined coupler, but its weight and cost are reduced by 40% and 60%, respectively. Its effectiveness is also confirmed in this study.
Dynamics of posterior tongue during pronunciation and voluntary tongue lift movement in young adults (2012)

The lifting-up movement of the posterior part of the tongue to touch the palate, which is a requirement for performing physiological functions such as deglutition and speech, is an important phenomenon that is difficult to objectively evaluate. The purpose of this study was to develop a new modality to evaluate the tongue-lifting function, especially in the posterior part of the tongue, and to elucidate the dynamic properties of the tongue in normal subjects. Twenty-three healthy volunteers (9 men and 14 women; mean age, 27·6years) participated in this study. A new device was developed that could evaluate the up-down movement of the posterior part of the tongue in a non-invasive manner. The experimental tasks were as follows: (i) /a/ pronunciation for 1s followed by /ka/ pronunciation (a-ka task), (ii) /a/ pronunciation for 1s followed by /ga/ pronunciation (a-ga task) and (iii) /a/ pronunciation for 1s followed by a voluntary push-up movement of the posterior part of the tongue (a-lift task). Maximum upward velocity in the a-ga task was larger than that in the a-ka task (P<0·05). The a-lift task showed the highest tongue lift range among the three tasks, and the a-ga task showed a higher range than that of the a-ka task (P<0·05). This study revealed that precise quantification of the motility of the posterior part of the tongue, which would be useful in rehabilitation of articulation and/or swallowing, could be achieved using this new device in a non-invasive manner.