gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum to “Risk factors and obstetric complications associated with macrosomia” [Int J Gynecol Obstet 87 (2004) 220–226] (2005)

The authors regret that, in the above article, the Acknowledgement section was not submitted to the journal. The Acknowledgement section is now published below. This project was supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (grant number P01 HS010856, “Promoting Effective Communication and Decision Making for Diverse Populations”). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of AHRQ.
A High-Throughput Assay for the Pancreatic Islet Beta-Cell Potassium Channel: Use in the Pharmacological Characterization of Insulin Secretagogues Identified from Phenotypic Screening (2020)

Phenotypic screening is a neoclassical approach for drug discovery. We conducted phenotypic screening for insulin secretion enhancing agents using INS-1E insulinoma cells as a model system for pancreatic beta-cells. A principal regulator of insulin secretion in beta-cells is the metabolically regulated potassium channel Kir6.2/SUR1 complex. To characterize hit compounds, we developed an assay to quantify endogenous potassium channel activity in INS-1E cells. We quantified ligand-regulated potassium channel activity in INS-1E cells using fluorescence imaging and thallium flux. Potassium channel activity was metabolically regulated and coupled to insulin secretion. The pharmacology of channel opening agents (diazoxide) and closing agents (sulfonylureas) was used to validate the applicability of the assay. A precise high-throughput assay was enabled, and phenotypic screening hits were triaged to enable a higher likelihood of discovering chemical matter with novel and useful mechanisms of action.
Abnormal white matter appearance on term FLAIR predicts neuro‐developmental outcome at 6 years old following preterm birth (2007)

FLAIR appeared to detect subtle white matter injury related with neuro-developmental disorders at school-age, whereas T2-weighted imaging seemed to identify relatively more severe injury. FLAIR is a potentially sensitive screening tool that is readily available and easily interpretable.
Sequences 3’of Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Genes Influence their Expression (1986)

The function of sequences 3' of Ig genes in controlling their expression has been investigated by analyzing mutants of Ig-producing cells and by gene transfection experiments. A mutant of an IgA producing myeloma was isolated whose steady-state level of heavy chain mRNA and protein was decreased. Analysis of the mutant showed it had deleted at least 4 kb of DNA immediately 3' of the alpha gene and introduced at least 5 kb of non-Ig sequence in its place. Examination of nuclear RNA showed no accumulation of aberrant transcripts or altered processing patterns. Instead, the transcription rate of heavy chain in the mutant was approximately 1/7 of that in its parent. This mutant suggests that sequences 3' of Ig genes facilitate their transcription; alternatively, the non-Ig sequences may act to depress transcription. A complete gamma 2b heavy chain gene containing both the secreted and membrane exons was transfected into lymphoid cells. The ratio of membrane/secreted Ig mRNA produced by the transfectants was found to reflect the phenotype of the recipient cell; myelomas made mostly secreted mRNA while lymphomas made only a slight excess of secreted mRNA. When a heavy chain was used with a deletion of sequences within the IVS between the secreted and membrane exons which left the AATAA poly A addition signal intact, but removed the site of cleavage and polyadenylation, the processing ratio was altered so that predominantly membrane Ig was produced in transfected myeloma cells. The alteration in processing could be a result of the deletion of the normal site for poly A addition; alternatively it could be a result of the deletion of another sequence which is recognized by processing enzymes. A 13 bp sequence (GTCCTGGTTCTTT), was found to be highly conserved both in position and sequence in human and mouse gamma chain genes. When a gene with a deletion which left the poly A addition site and the conserved sequence intact was used for transfection, the processing pattern was found to be identical to that of a wild type heavy chain gene.
Probabilistic advanced reservations for batch-scheduled parallel machines (2008)

No abstract available.
Ignition Characteristics of Boron Particles in the Secondary Combustor of Ducted Rockets -Effects of Magnalium Particle Addition- (2008)

Boron has been considered most attractive fuel for ducted rockets because of its high combustion heat with oxygen. However, boron was found to be impractical as the fuel because of its poor combustion efficiency due to the meager ignition characteristics. Boron had to be ignited and combusted forcibly in the residence time of the recirculation zone. In this study, we focused on the case of another ignitable metal particles becoming the ignition source of boron. Magnalium was selected as the ignition source. In order to elucidate the effects of magnalium, three types of experiments were conducted. To obtain the basic properties of metals, thermogravimetry and differential thermo-analysis were conducted. The ignition delay time was measured with an electronic furnace, and combustion efficiency was obtained by using a connected-pipe ducted rocket. It was clarified that the ignition delay time of the mixture could be divided into two time regions, earlier and later regions than that of the single magnalium particle. The combustion efficiency could be distributed. The combustion efficiency when the gas generator contained boron can improve only if the earlier time region can be selected actively.
Metal–Organic Framework Derived Hybrid Co3O4-Carbon Porous Nanowire Arrays as Reversible Oxygen Evolution Electrodes (2014)

Hybrid porous nanowire arrays composed of strongly interacting Co3O4 and carbon were prepared by a facile carbonization of the metal-organic framework grown on Cu foil. The resulting material, possessing a high surface area of 251 m(2) g(-1) and a large carbon content of 52.1 wt %, can be directly used as the working electrode for oxygen evolution reaction without employing extra substrates or binders. This novel oxygen evolution electrode can smoothly operate in alkaline solutions (e.g., 0.1 and 1.0 M KOH), affording a low onset potential of 1.47 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and a stable current density of 10.0 mA cm(-2) at 1.52 V in 0.1 M KOH solution for at least 30 h, associated with a high Faradaic efficiency of 99.3%. The achieved ultrahigh oxygen evolution activity and strong durability, with superior performance in comparison to the state-of-the-art noble-metal/transition-metal and nonmetal catalysts, originate from the unique nanowire array electrode configuration and in situ carbon incorporation, which lead to the large active surface area, enhanced mass/charge transport capability, easy release of oxygen gas bubbles, and strong structural stability. Furthermore, the hybrid Co3O4-carbon porous nanowire arrays can also efficiently catalyze oxygen reduction reaction, featuring a desirable four-electron pathway for reversible oxygen evolution and reduction, which is potentially useful for rechargeable metal-air batteries, regenerative fuel cells, and other important clean energy devices.
Theoretical study about the gain in indirect bandgap semiconductor acousto-optical cavities with simultaneous photon and phonon confinement (2012)

We study the gain in an acousto-optical cavity made of an indirect bandgap semiconductor with simultaneous confinement of photons and photons. We obtain that the phonon confinement in such a cavity can give rise to optical gain at room temperature.
Efficient test mode selection and insertion for RTL-BIST (2002)

Inserting test logic at the Register Transfer Level (RTL), instead of at the gate-level, offers many advantages. It allows the synthesis process to consider both functional and test logic together for optimization for meeting the timing/area/power goals; thus, this avoids an expensive cycle of re-optimization. It is also a necessary step for supporting RTL signoff. In this paper, we present a Built-in Self-Test (BIST) framework that allows efficient selection and insertion of test points at the RT level for achieving high fault coverage. We discuss the need for a new type of test points, called operator test points, in order to achieve high fault coverage for RTL BIST. The traditional node test points and the operator test points are jointly called test modes in this paper. We present a test-mode selection algorithm at the RT level, which uses a hybrid cost function derived from controllability, observability (C/O) and testability gradients of signals. Experimental results on some industrial designs indicate that high fault coverage can be achieved for various implementations of an RTL design by selecting and inserting the test modes at the RT-level.
Intracardiac Doppler Echocardiographic Quantification of Pulmonary Vein Flow Velocity: An Effective Technique for Monitoring Pulmonary Vein Ostia Narrowing During Focal Atrial Fibrillation Ablation (2002)

Ostial ablation for PV isolation may induce a mild-to-moderate increase in PV flow velocity, which can be identified using an ultrasound catheter with Doppler color flow imaging. Increases in PV flow velocity (<158 cm/sec) after a primary ablation procedure appear to be well tolerated, and a return toward baseline flow characteristics should be anticipated by 3 months. A more cautious approach may be required for patients undergoing repeat PV isolation.
Crystal structure of the Vibrio cholerae cytolysin heptamer reveals common features among disparate pore-forming toxins (2011)

Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are potent cytolytic agents secreted by pathogenic bacteria that protect microbes against the cell-mediated immune system (by targeting phagocytic cells), disrupt epithelial barriers, and liberate materials necessary to sustain growth and colonization. Produced by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria alike, PFTs are released as water-soluble monomeric or dimeric species, bind specifically to target membranes, and assemble transmembrane channels leading to cell damage and/or lysis. Structural and biophysical analyses of individual steps in the assembly pathway are essential to fully understanding the dynamic process of channel formation. To work toward this goal, we solved by X-ray diffraction the 2.9-Å structure of the 450-kDa heptameric Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (VCC) toxin purified and crystallized in the presence of detergent. This structure, together with our previously determined 2.3-Å structure of the VCC water-soluble monomer, reveals in detail the architectural changes that occur within the channel region and accessory lectin domains during pore formation including substantial rearrangements of hydrogen-bonding networks in the pore-forming amphipathic loops. Interestingly, a ring of tryptophan residues forms the narrowest constriction in the transmembrane channel reminiscent of the phenylalanine clamp identified in anthrax protective antigen [Krantz BA, et al. (2005) Science 309:777-781]. Our work provides an example of a β-barrel PFT (β-PFT) for which soluble and assembled structures are available at high-resolution, providing a template for investigating intermediate steps in assembly.
Shape Memory Effect Exhibited by Smectic-C Liquid Crystalline Elastomers (2003)

It was long expected and recently shown that main-chain liquid crystalline elastomers (MC-LCEs) may serve as high performance soft actuators due to a coupling of their intrinsic characteristics of high, yet labile, ordering and network strain. Here, we present the synthesis of new siloxane-based smectic MC-LCEs. These new materials exhibit a unique thermomechanical behavior known as the shape memory effect, which has never been observed before in such LCEs. To achieve targeted transition temperatures required for facile actuation at low temperatures, specifically temperatures ranging from 15 to 65 °C, we have designed and prepared such elastomers incorporating two distinct mesogenic groups, termed 5H and 5tB, coupled with hydride-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) spacers.
Investigation of Deteriorated Dissolution of Amorphous Itraconazole: Description of Incompatibility with Magnesium Stearate and Possible Solutions (2017)

Disadvantageous crystallization phenomenon of amorphous itraconazole (ITR) occurring in the course of dissolution process was investigated in this work. A perfectly amorphous form (solid dispersion) of the drug was generated by the electroblowing method (with vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer), and the obtained fibers were formulated into tablets. Incomplete dissolution of the tablets was noticed under the circumstances of the standard dissolution test, after which a precipitated material could be filtered. The filtrate consisted of ITR and stearic acid since no magnesium content was detectable in it. In parallel with dissolution, ITR forms an insoluble associate, stabilized by hydrogen bonding, with stearic acid deriving from magnesium stearate. This is why dissolution curves do not have the plateaus at 100%. Two ways are viable to tackle this issue: change the lubricant (with sodium stearyl fumarate >95% dissolution can be accomplished) or alter the polymer in the solid dispersion to a type being able to form hydrogen bonds with ITR (e.g., hydroxypropyl methylcellulose). This work draws attention to one possible phenomenon that can lead to a deterioration of originally good dissolution of an amorphous solid dispersion.
Efficient temporal search range prediction for motion estimation in H.264 (2005)

An efficient search range prediction method is proposed to reduce the complexity of motion search in the H.264 video coding standard in this work. The main idea is to predict the temporal search range by modeling the relationship between the rate-distortion (RD) coding gain and the required computational complexity. The proposed algorithm first predicts the temporal search range to maximize the ratio of the expected RD coding gain and the normalized computational cost. Then, fast motion search is performed within the predicted search range with some early termination rule. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can save approximately 63-75% of the encoding complexity in motion estimation of H.264 (JM9.3) with negligible degradation in the RD performance.
Liposome-Cross-Linked Hybrid Hydrogels for Glutathione-Triggered Delivery of Multiple Cargo Molecules (2016)

Novel, liposome-cross-linked hybrid hydrogels cross-linked by the Michael-type addition of thiols with maleimides were prepared via the use of maleimide-functionalized liposome cross-linkers and thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. Gelation of the materials was confirmed by oscillatory rheology experiments. These hybrid hydrogels are rendered degradable upon exposure to thiol-containing molecules such as glutathione (GSH), via the incorporation of selected thioether succinimide cross-links between the PEG polymers and liposome nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) characterization confirmed that intact liposomes were released upon network degradation. Owing to the hierarchical structure of the network, multiple cargo molecules relevant for chemotherapies, namely doxorubicin (DOX) and cytochrome c, were encapsulated and simultaneously released from the hybrid hydrogels, with differential release profiles that were driven by degradation-mediated release and Fickian diffusion, respectively. This work introduces a facile approach for the development of advanced, hybrid drug delivery vehicles that exhibit novel chemical degradation.
Urinary retention in female patients induced by adenocarcinoma of urethra. (1984)

Acute urinary retention in middle-aged females is an infrequent occurrence; therefore, when such a patient presents to the urologist, an aggressive diagnostic evaluation is warranted. Carcinoma of the urethra might be the underlying pathologic process causing urinary retention. Herein, we present 2 cases of acute urinary retention triggered by adenocarcinoma of the urethra. In 1 patient the diagnosis was delayed due to severe superimposed infection which responded poorly to medication. Anterior exenteration and radiotherapy were used in the management of both patients.
X-ray evaluation of high-verticality sidewalls fabricated by deep reactive ion etching (2017)

We report the fabrication and characterization of high-verticality sidewalls by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). We quantitatively evaluated the verticality of the sidewalls with a width of 20 µm and a depth of 300 µm by using an X-ray beam (1.49 keV). To the best of our knowledge, we succeeded in constraining the verticality and smoothness of the DRIE-fabricated sidewalls with the highest accuracy. The verticality of the sidewalls against the wafer surface was estimated from the shifts of the X-ray focus to be 8.7 ± 3.2 arcmin on average within the wafer, while the resolution of the X-ray focus was 21.1 ± 2.7 arcmin in half-power diameter. Although the verticality and resolution require further improvements, we verified that the X-ray imaging technique is valid for quantifying the sidewall properties.
Incorporating Realism into Senior Design (2006)

The senior design course at Purdue University involves all seniors in their last semester before graduation and is titled “Civil Engineering Design Project.” It is described in the catalog as “Planning, design, and analysis of a civil project; an integrated and realistic group project involving as much as possible all major aspects of the civil engineering profession.” This high enrollment course 30 to 100 students per semester has been taught since the early 1960s and there have been many approaches to teaching it. Involvement of practitioners has varied from nearly no involvement through nearly total responsibility for the course. The author has observed the teaching of this course for 15 years and has the lead responsibility for the course in the spring semester for the past 6 years. The article is based on a paper presented at the American Society of Engineering Education Conference Drnevich 2005a in June 2005 and at the 4th Global Colloquium on Engineering Education Drnevich 2005b in September 2005. It describes the course and approaches to teaching it and will summarize observations of what worked well and what did not work well. In this article, I will use much material from the paper, but look specifically how environmental issues are being addressed. Comments from the readers of this article are most welcome. The course continually evolves as we learn how to do things better.
Characterisation and mapping of the human SOX14 gene (1998)

SOX genes comprise a family of genes that are related to the mammalian sex determining gene SRY in the region that encodes the HMG-box domain responsible for the sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. SOX genes encode putative transcriptional regulators implicated in the decision of cell fates during development and the control of diverse developmental processes. We have cloned and characterised SOX14, a novel member of the human SOX gene family. Based on the HMG-box sequence, human SOX14 is a member of the B subfamily. SOX14 is expressed in human foetal brain, spinal cord and thymus, and like other members of the B subfamily, it might have a role in regulation of nervous system development. While other members of the B subfamily show similarity outside the HMG-box, the regions flanking the HMG box of the human SOX14 gene are unique. SOX14 has been mapped to human chromosome 3q22--> q23, close to the marker D3S1549. This location places SOX14 within a chromosome interval associated with two distinct syndromes that affect craniofacial development: Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicantus inversus syndrome and Möbius syndrome.
Membrane shrinkage and cortex remodelling are predicted to work in harmony to retract blebs (2015)

Numerous cell types undergo an oscillatory form of dynamics known as blebbing, whereby pressure-driven spherical protrusions of membrane (known as blebs) expand and contract over the cell's surface. Depending on the cell line, blebs play important roles in many different phenomena including mitosis and locomotion. The expansion phase of cellular blebbing has been mathematically modelled in detail. However, the active processes occurring during the retraction phase are not so well characterized. It is thought that blebs retract because a cortex reforms inside, and adheres to, the bleb membrane. This cortex is retracted into the cell and the attached bleb membrane follows. Using a computational model of a cell's membrane, cortex and interconnecting adhesions, we demonstrate that cortex retraction alone cannot account for bleb retraction and suggest that the mechanism works in tandem with membrane shrinking. Further, an emergent hysteresis loop is observed in the intracellular pressure, which suggests a potential mechanism through which a secondary bleb can be initiated as a primary bleb contracts.
CNS regulation of thermogenesis. (1994)

Thermogenesis (adaptive increases in heat production) can develop in response to low environmental temperature, alterations in the amount or composition of the diet, and pathogenic stimuli, such as infection, injury, and inflammation. Thermogenic responses to each of these stimuli appear to be mediated by activation of the sympathetic nervous system and, at least in experimental animals, by heat production in brown fat. Thermogenesis is under the direct control by the central nervous system (CNS), particularly by specific regions of the hypothalamus. Serotonergic pathways have been directly implicated in the central control of most forms of thermogenesis, and indirect evidence suggests involvement of adrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms. Numerous peptides have been shown to induce increases on metabolic rate when injected into the brains of experimental animals; of these, corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) has been the most extensively studied. CRF appears to mediate thermogenic responses to serotonergic agonists, injury, and cytokines, and may be involved in impaired thermogenic responses in certain genetically obese rodents. Cytokines, particularly interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6, act as endogenous pyrogens in the brain and stimulate thermogenesis via synthesis of prostaglandins and CRF. Peptides such as lipocortin-1, arginine vasopressin, and alpha MSH potently inhibit central effects of cytokines. Pharmacological modification of thermogenesis may be clinically beneficial in treating conditions such as obesity, cachexia, and fever.
Polymers Based on Stable Phenoxyl Radicals for the Use in Organic Radical Batteries (2014)

Polymers with pendant phenoxyl radicals are synthesized and the electrochemical properties are investigated in detail. The monomers are polymerized using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) or free-radical polymerization methods. The monomers and polymers, respectively, are oxidized to the radical either before or after the polymerization. These phenoxyl radicals containing polymers reveal a reversible redox behavior at a potential of -0.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Such materials can be used as anode-active material in organic radical batteries (ORBs).