gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MOTIF DISCOVERY IN HETEROGENEOUS SEQUENCE DATA (2003)

This paper introduces the first integrated algorithm designed to discover novel motifs in heterogeneous sequence data, which is comprised of coregulated genes from a single genome together with the orthologs of these genes from other genomes. Results are presented for regulons in yeasts, worms, and mammals.
Continuous wave Raman laser in H/sub 2/ (1998)

Summary form only given. With the advent of the new technology of high-finesse cavities, it now becomes possible to use these high-finesse cavities to build a widely tunable cw Raman laser that can be pumped with lasers at the milliwatt level. The apparatus used to make the first cw Raman laser in H/sub 2/ is shown. For this experiment, we chose to use a cw Nd:YAG laser with output powers up to 200 mW. The output of this frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm was sent through a Faraday isolator to minimize feedback to the Nd:YAG laser. An electro-optic modulator was used to place sidebands on the carrier frequency required for locking the pump to the cavity. The laser beam traveled though a two-element lens pair used to mode match the pump beam to the cavity. A polarizing beam splitter cube in conjunction with a quarter-wave plate allowed for monitoring of the beam reflected from the cavity. Using a narrow-band filter, a fast detector was then used to measure the error signal. The error signal entered the servo, and the slow corrections were sent to the cavity piezo, while the fast corrections were sent to the laser. The output of the cw Raman laser was measured at the exit of the cavity. By adjusting the locking servo, the pump laser could be locked to the side of the cavity line, resulting in a variable pump power in the cavity. As the pump was moved across the cavity resonance, the average pump and Stokes powers were measured. The laser exhibits a typical laser power versus pump power curve, with a threshold at /spl sim/50 mW. The Raman laser has a maximum output of 1 mW, which corresponds to a photon conversion efficiency of /spl sim/2%. The measured power slope efficiency is at 7.1%. With future design changes in the cleanliness of gas handling systems, we expect the threshold to lower to the milliwatt level and the conversion efficiency to approach 50%.
A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Auditory Mismatch in Schizophrenia (2001)

This result is consistent with those of mismatch negativity event-related potential studies and suggests that early auditory processing is abnormal in chronic schizophrenia.
Geschlossene Darstellung der Reduktionskinetik dichter Erze (1967)

Allgemeine Lösung. Ableitung von Sonderfällen. Zeichnerische Lösung.
A Novel and Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrocarbons to Ketones Using Chloramine‐T/O2/Fe(TPP)Cl System. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High-speed InGaAlAdInAlAs Multiple Quantum Well OPtical Modulators with Bandwidths in (1989)

High-speed optical modulation (20 GHz) for waveguided InCaAIAs/InAIAs multiple quantum well optical modulators is de- scribed. This modulator has a large on/off ratio and a low driving voltage (4 V), and it operates in the 1.5 pm wavelength region. Small device capacitance (0.2 pF) has been obtained by using spin-coated polyimides under the bonding pads, and small stray capacitance (0.07 pF) and bonding wire inductance (0.3 nH) have been realized. This modulator requires the lowest power yet reported for a high-frequency operation external modulator. XTERNAL Modulators operating in the long-wavelength Eregion have attracted considerable attention be- cause these devices can reduce wavelength chirping under high-speed modulation for injection lasers in high-bit-rate and long-haul optical communication systems. Their large electro- absorptive effect makes optical modulators in multiple quan- tum well (MQW) structures using the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) (l) into the useful candidates. We have reported a waveguide optical modulator with a quaternary InGaAlAs quantum well (2), operating at 1.5 pm with a high on/off ratio and low drive voltage (3). We have further demonstrated a modulation bandwidth of 4 GHz, and its small incident light power dependence (4). In this letter, high-frequency response (up to 22 GHz) is investigated for InGaAlAs/InAlAs MQW optical modulators. In addition, the highest 3 dB bandwidth yet reported for an MQW external modulator, 20 GHz, is reported under dB on/off ratio and - 4 V dc applied voltage. Samples consist of 0.40 pm thick undoped MQW layers (30 periods of 86 A thick InGaAlAs well with 3 percent A1 content and 50 A thick InAlAs barrier) sandwiched between Si-doped (5 x 1017 CII-~) InAlAs layers and Be-doped (1 x 10 cnr3) InAlAs layers grown on an S-doped (3 x 10 cm3) InP substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. The MQW layer without intentional doping is slightly n-type with a residual carrier concentration of 5 x 1OI6 c~n-~. The clear heavy hole (hh) and light hole (lh) exciton resonances are observed at room temperature for this quaternary quantum well. The device was formed by chemical etching with a high- mesa-type geometry. It is 4 pm wide, 90-120 pm long, and 1.8 pm high, as shown in Fig. 1. To minimize capacitance,
Improvement of port wine stain laser therapy by skin preheating prior to cryogen spray cooling: A numerical simulation (2006)

Skin preheating prior to CSC can maintain epidermal cooling while increasing PWS blood vessel temperature before laser irradiation. Numerical models have been developed to show that patients may benefit from the skin preheating approach, depending on PWS vessel diameter and depth.
291 Effect of Prebiotic, Fatty Acid and Copper and Zinc Ingredients on Nursery Pig Performance. (2018)

In the absence of sub-therapeutic antibiotic use for performance benefits, the swine industry is looking for nutritional feed additives to enhance nursery pig performance. The study objective was to evaluate performance and energy digestibility of 3 nutritional alternatives to sub-therapeutic antibiotics in a growth performance and digestibility assay. Three-hundred weaned pigs (initial BW 6.36 ± 0.85 kg) of adequate health status were allotted by sex and BW to 60 pens (5 pigs/pen) that were randomly assigned across 6 dietary treatments: 1) Control (NC), 2) Control + chlortetracycline (40 g/ton) and tiamulin (35 g/ton; PC), 3) Control + soluble corn fiber (SCF), 4) Control + 0.3% FA mix (FA), 5) Control + ZnO (2,000 mg/kg) + CuCl (200 mg/kg; ZnCu), and 6) Control + 5% resistant corn starch (RCS). Pigs were fed their respective diet in 2-phases, each lasting 14-d, and ADG, ADFI, and G:F were calculated over the 28 d period. Thereafter, 48 barrows (n=8/treatment, BW = 12.75 ± 1.04 kg) were moved into individual metabolism crates for a 3 d adaption followed by a 3 d total collection of feces and urine to calculate energy digestibility. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with a fixed effect of diet. Contrast statements were used to compare all diets to NC. Overall, ADG and final BW did not differ (P > 0.10) between NC and all other diets. The ADFI of NC pigs did not differ (P > 0.10) from pigs fed PC, SCF, FA, or RCS diets, but was greater than ADFI of ZnCU fed pigs (0.397 vs. 0.441 kg/d, P = 0.05). G:F between NC pigs and pigs fed FA and ZnCu diets did not differ (P > 0.10), but NC pigs had improved G:F compared to PC pigs (0.703 vs 0.665, P = 0.014), SCF pigs (0.631, P < 0.0001), and RCS pigs (0.668, P = 0.021). Overall, there were no differences in change in BW between the NC pigs and all other diets when pigs were in metabolism crates (P > 0.20) or in digestible energy coefficients (P > 0.40). In conclusion, in a high-health status nursery, sub-therapeutic antibiotics, prebiotics, fatty acid and zinc ingredients did not affect growth, feed efficiency, or digestibility.
What next for botulism vaccine development? (2013)

Botulism is a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by the toxins produced from several Clostridium species. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause flaccid paralysis by inducing a blockade at voluntary motor and autonomic cholinergic junctions that, if not treated, can be fatal. Vaccination to elicit protective circulating antibodies that bind, neutralize and clear toxins before they can be internalized and affect cholinergic neurons remains the most effective form of protection against BoNT. A pentavalent BoNT toxoid vaccine administered in the USA under an Investigational New Drug protocol to at-risk workers was discontinued by the CDC in 2011 due to diminished potency and reactogenic effects. Subsequent research efforts have primarily focused on recombinant protein antigens. This review focuses on the development of a recombinant bivalent vaccine (rBV A/B) composed of purified recombinant BoNT/A and BoNT/B receptor-binding domain proteins, as well as presenting a summary of progress and issues associated with alternative vaccines currently being developed against botulism.
Radiative and Nonradiative Recombination Coefficients of InAs/InAlAs Core-shell Nanowires (2018)

Ultrafast and external quantum efficiency measurements were performed on InAs/InAlAs core-shell nanowires. Rates of different recombination mechanisms were determined, and the carrier densities ranges at which each dominates, an important consideration for design of devices.
Diffusion in protein solutions at high concentrations: A study by quasielastic light scattering spectroscopy (1976)

Quasielastic light scattering spectroscopy was used to study the mutual diffusion coefficient Dm of bovine serum albumin over the pH range 4.3–7.6 for concentrations ranging as high as 334 g/l. Using literature measurements of the tracer diffusion coefficient DT and the osmotic compressibility (∂π/∂c)P,T, we find that Dm depends on concentration and pH as predicted by the generalized Stokes–Einstein relation Dm=DT(∂π/∂c)P,T (1−φ)/KBT, φ being the volume fraction of solute and KB being Boltzmann’s constant. Our data show that Dm and DT depend quite differently on solute concentration; DT can be a factor of 3 smaller than Dm at protein concentrations exceeding 200 g/l.
Fatty acid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin. Purification and characterization of a novel fatty acid synthase, mycocerosic acid synthase, which elongates n-fatty acyl-CoA with methylmalonyl-CoA. (1985)

A crude extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin was previously shown to incorporate methylmalonyl-CoA into mycocerosic acids, exemplified by 2,4,6,8-tetramethyloctacosanoic acid, and malonyl-CoA into n-fatty acids (Rainwater D. L., and Kolattukudy, P. E. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 2979-2985). The presence of several fatty acid synthases with differences in substrate preference and product chain length was detected in the crude extract of M. tuberculosis var. bovis. Among them was a mycocerosic acid synthase which was purified to homogeneity using anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, affinity chromatography, and hydroxylapatite chromatography. This fatty acid synthase elongated long-chain fatty acyl-CoA primers using methylmalonyl-CoA and NADPH to produce multimethyl-branched mycocerosic acids. The enzyme was specific for methylmalonyl-CoA and would not incorporate malonyl-CoA into fatty acids. It elongated n-C6 to n-C20 CoA esters to generate primarily the corresponding tetramethyl-branched mycocerosic acids. Exogenous [1-14C]acyl-CoA and trideuteromethylmalonyl-CoA were incorporated into the multimethyl-branched fatty acids. Dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis showed that the enzyme had a molecular weight of 238,000, whereas gel filtration showed a native molecular weight of 490,000, indicating that the enzyme is composed of two monomers of identical molecular weight. The enzyme contained an acyl carrier protein-like segment as indicated by incorporation of [1-14C] pantothenate into the 238-kDa protein and production of 1 mol of taurine/mol of the monomer upon hydrolysis of performic acid-oxidized enzyme. It is concluded that the mycocerosic acid synthase is a multifunctional enzyme similar to the well-characterized multifunctional fatty acid synthases except for the substrate specificity.
RING protein Trim32 associated with skin carcinogenesis has anti-apoptotic and E3-ubiquitin ligase properties (2003)

Tripartite motif protein 32, Trim32, mRNA and protein expression was elevated in independently transformed and tumorigenic keratinocytes of a mouse epidermal carcinogenesis model, in ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and in approximately 20-25% of chemically induced mouse papillomas and human head and neck SCCs. This suggests that elevated Trim32 expression occurs frequently in experimental epidermal carcinogenesis and is relevant to human cancer. Transduced Trim32 increased colony number in an epidermal in vitro transformation assay and epidermal thickening in vivo when skin-grafted to athymic nu/nu mice. These effects were not associated with proliferation and were not sufficient for tumorigenesis, even with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate treatment or defects in the tumor suppressor p53. However, transduced Trim32 inhibited the synergistic effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) on UVB-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes in vitro and the apoptotic response of keratinocyte grafts exposed to UVB-light in vivo. Consistent with its RING domain, Trim32 exhibited characteristics of E3-ubiquitin ligases, including being ubiquitylated itself and interacting with ubiquitylated proteins, with increases in these properties following treatment of cultured keratinocytes with TNFalpha/UVB. Interestingly, missense point mutation of human TRIM32 has been reported in Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2H, an autosomal recessive disease. We propose a model in which Trim32 activities as an E3-ubiquitin ligase favor initiated cell survival in carcinogenesis by blocking UVB-induced TNFalpha apoptotic signaling.
Transvaginal repair of anterior and posterior compartment prolapse with Atrium polypropylene mesh (2004)

This technique shows promise in correcting pelvic organ prolapse. Vaginal mesh erosion is the most common complication and is related to surgical experience.
Aberrometry: basic science and clinical applications. (2006)

This paper addresses the concept, measurement and applications of wave aberrations. The ocular optics is not perfect. Apart from conventional low order aberrations (such as defocus and astigmatism) retinal images are degraded by other high order aberrations. Aberrometers typically measure ray deviations at the retinal plane, as a function of pupil position, i.e. local derivatives of the wave aberration. The paper discusses state of the art technology to measure the aberrations of the eye (cornea and crystalline lens), both monochromatic and polychromatic. The aberrometers described include the Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor, laser ray tracing, spatially resolved refractometer or the corneal aberrations. This technology has been used to advance our understanding on several visual mechanisms, ocular conditions, and corrective methods. Applications include accommodation, myopia, aging, myopia, keratoconus, corneal refractive surgery, cataract surgery or contact lenses.
音乐·时间·生活 (2007)

音乐是一种时间艺术。它向我们表明，时间能被怎样合理地、有意义地塑造。音乐与生活，两者的本质是相同的：它们都是被塑造的时间。被有意识、有意义地塑造的生活，也是一种时间艺术。无论就音乐，还是就生活而言，最重要的时间就是眼前的瞬间。在此瞬间中，浓缩着作为整体一部分的完整生活和完整音乐。该瞬间是过去与未来的交点。
The Molecular Mechanisms Used byNeisseria gonorrhoeaeTo Initiate Infection Differ between Men and Women (2004)

The molecular mechanisms used by the gonococcus to initiate infection exhibit gender specificity. The clinical presentations of disease are also strikingly different upon comparison of gonococcal urethritis to gonococcal cervicitis. An intimate association occurs between the gonococcus and the urethral epithelium and is mediated by the asialoglycoprotein receptor. Gonococcal interaction with the urethral epithelia cell triggers cytokine release, which promotes neutrophil influx and an inflammatory response. Similarly, gonococcal infection of the upper female genital tract also results in inflammation. Gonococci invade the nonciliated epithelia, and the ciliated cells are subjected to the cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha induced by gonococcal peptidoglycan and lipooligosaccharide. In contrast, gonococcal infection of the lower female genital tract is typically asymptomatic. This is in part the result of the ability of the gonococcus to subvert the alternative pathway of complement present in the lower female genital tract. Gonococcal engagement of complement receptor 3 on the cervical epithelia results in membrane ruffling and does not promote inflammation. A model of gonococcal pathogenesis is presented in the context of the male and female human urogenital tracts.
RECYCLING ASPHALTIC CONCRETE: ARIZONA'S FIRST PROJECT (ABRIDGMENT) (1978)

This paper discusses a project in Arizona for recycling of asphaltic concrete, which was dry and brittle with a penetration of 7 on the residual asphalt and was easily crushed and did flow back together in the stockpile. It was economically feasible to blend crushed asphaltic concrete and mineral aggregate and paving asphalt and aromatic extender oil in a modified drum mixer. Properties similar to new asphaltic concrete were obtained by 2.7 percent of a blend of AR 2000 and 50 percent aromatic extender oil with a blend of 80 percent crushed old asphaltic concrete and 20 percent new coarse minearal aggregate. There was a savings of $3.73/Mg ($3.38/ton) when a comparison was made between the actual cost of the recycled asphaltic concrete on this project and the estimated cost of new asphaltic concrete on similar projects. If the blend of AR 2000 and 50 percent extender oil, which was used in later stages of this project had been used throughout the project, and additional savings of $.044/Mg ($.04/ton) could have been realized. From the project, it was concluded that the process of recycling asphaltic concrete has not yet been perfected and that capabilities of other types of drum mixers need to be proven and modifications made as required.
Immunization of Mice Against Encephalomyocarditis Virus I. Purification, Concentration, and Inactivation of Encephalomyocarditis Virus (1972)

Methods are described for the concentration, purification, and inactivation of encephalomyocarditis virus grown in L-cell suspension cultures. Virus concentrates were obtained by the precipitation of crude virus lysates with polyethylene glycol and were purified by Genetron extraction. After column chromatography approximately 70% recovery of infectivity and hemagglutination (HA) activity was found. Exposure of the purified virus suspensions to ultraviolet light resulted in reduction of the infectivity by a factor of 10(9) with little or no loss of HA activity. The preparations are being evaluated as vaccines.
Anion-exchange resins and iron oxide-impregnated filter paper as plant available phosphorus indicators in soils (2002)

Abstract In order to evaluate soil phosphorus (P) availability to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the extraction methods Mehlich 1, encapsulated anion-exchange resin (AER), anion-exchange resin in membrane form (AEM) and iron oxide-impregnated filter paper under water-saturated conditions (Pi) were evaluated in a microplot experiment using twenty soils of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, with widely varying physico-chemical and mineralogical properties. Determination coefficients (R2) between P amounts accumulated in wheat shoots and grains and soil P amounts determined by the tested methods were (p<0.01) 0.69 for Mehlich-1, 0.88 for AER, 0.84 for AEM, and 0.71 for Pi. Determination coefficients between wheat grain yield and extracted P were somewhat lower for all methods. Considering two soil groups according to their clay content, this relationship was higher for soils with >400 g kg−1 clay and lower for the others. Soil P amounts extracted by the resin methods were, on average, twice higher than those extracted by the Mehlich-1 method. This difference, however, was higher for clayey soils (>400 g kg−1 clay content). Lower correlation coefficients were obtained between P extracted by both resin methods and by the Pi method (0.78 and 0.81) or the Mehlich-1 method (0.73 and 0.76). Acknowledgments
A Fully Integrated Ring-Type Fluxgate Sensor Based on a Localized Core Saturation Method (2007)

This paper reports a new micromachined fluxgate sensor with extremely low power consumption, based on a localized core saturation method. The extremely low power consumption is achieved by quick saturation at the localized core region associated with sensing coils 10 times smaller than the excitation coils. We designed and optimized the sensor by using the electromagnetic simulation software MagNet, and we compared the simulation results with the experimental results. The device exhibits a power consumption of ~14 mW, a sensitivity of 650 V/T at 60 muT, and a sensor span of ~200 muT. In comparison with previously reported micro fluxgate sensors, the newly developed sensor consumes 7 times less power, but at the expense of sensor span and linearity
Increased aminoglycoside dosage requirements in hematologic malignancy (1990)

Aminoglycoside pharmacokinetic parameters were studied prospectively in 27 patients with an underlying hematologic malignancy and fever associated with neutropenia and in 18 control patients. Pharmacokinetic parameters and dosages were determined by linear regression analysis of a one-compartment model by the method of Sawchuk et al. (R. J. Sawchuk, D. E. Zaske, R. J. Cippolle, W. A. Wargin, and R. G. Strate, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 21:362-369, 1976). Significant differences between the study and control groups were found for aminoglycoside volume of distribution (0.40 +/- 0.1 versus 0.27 +/- 0.05 liter/kg [mean +/- standard deviation], respectively; P less than 0.0001), clearance (116.6 +/- 48.9 versus 68.6 +/- 26.7 ml/min, respectively; P less than 0.0001), half-life (2.27 +/- 0.66 versus 3.5 +/- 1.8 h, respectively; P less than 0.0001), and elimination rate constant (0.33 +/- 0.11 versus 0.24 +/- 0.09 h-1, respectively; P less than 0.001). The percentage of bone marrow blast cells (at the time of diagnosis) in patients with acute leukemia significantly correlated with increased aminoglycoside clearance (R2 = 36.98%; P = 0.0001). Patients with stage IV lymphomas (Hodgkins disease and non-Hodgkins lymphoma) had a significantly increased clearance compared with patients with lower stages of lymphomas (105.1 +/- 18.5 versus 84.1 +/- 14.9 ml/min; P = 0.014). Fever, leukocyte count, or chemotherapy, among other clinical and laboratory parameters that were studied, had no significant correlation or effect on aminoglycoside disposition. The average dose of amikacin required to maintain peak concentrations in serum above 20 micrograms/ml in patients with a hematologic malignancy was 27.5 +/- 8.43 mg/kg per day. Pharmacokinetic parameters and dosages for the control patients were comparable to general literature standards. we conclude that the dosages recommended by the manufacturers or those derived from nomograms underestimate the aminoglycoside volume of distribution and clearance in patients with a hematologic malignancy and result in suboptimal peak aminoglycoside concentrations in serum. We recommend that in febrile neutropenic patients with an underlying hematologic malignancy, amikacin be initiated at 7.5 to 10 mg/kg per dose every 8 h (2 to 2.5 mg/kg per dose every 8 h for gentamicin) and adjusted within 24 h based on individual pharmacokinetic analysis.
Is antral follicle count a genetic trait? (2010)

Maternal age of menopause predicts antral follicle count and its decline, indicating a genetic component to this trait.