gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cumulant-Based DOA Estimation of Noncircular Signals against Unknown Mutual Coupling (2020)

To effectively find the direction of non-circular signals received by a uniform linear array (ULA) in the presence of non-negligible perturbations between array elements, i.e., mutual coupling, in colored noise, a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation approach in the context of high order statistics is proposed in this correspondence. Exploiting the non-circularity hidden behind a certain class of wireless communication signals to build up an augmented cumulant matrix, and carrying out a reformulation of the distorted steering vector to extract the angular information from the unknown mutual coupling, by exploiting the characteristic of mutual coupling, i.e., a limited operating range and an inverse relation of coupling effects to interspace, we develop a MUSIC-like estimator based on the rank-reduction (RARE) technique to directly determine directions of incident signals without mutual coupling compensation. Besides, we provide a solution to the problem of coherency between signals and mutual coupling between sensors co-existing, by selecting a middle sub-array to mitigate the undesirable effects and exploiting the rotation-invariant property to blindly separate the coherent signals into different groups to enhance the degrees of freedom. Compared with the existing robust DOA methods to the unknown mutual coupling under the framework of fourth-order cumulants (FOC), our work takes advantage of the larger virtual array and is able to resolve more signals due to greater degrees of freedom. Additionally, as the effective aperture is virtually extended, the developed estimator can achieve better performance under scenarios with high degree of mutual coupling between two sensors. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
Abriebmessung an Polyamid- und Polyäthylenborsten von Bürsten für die Kraftfahrzeugwäsche/ Abrasion measurement of polyamide and polyethylene brush tufting for car wash/ La mesure de l’abrasion sur des crins de brosse en polyamide et en polyethyl&ne pour le lavage de voitures (1970)

Article Abriebmessung an Polyamid- und Polyäthylenborsten von Bürsten für die Kraftfahrzeugwäsche/ Abrasion measurement of polyamide and polyethylene brush tufting for car wash/ La mesure de l’abrasion sur des crins de brosse en polyamide et en polyethyl&ne pour le lavage de voitures was published on April 1, 1970 in the journal Materials Testing (volume 12, issue 4).
Controlled Photoinitiated Release of Nitric Oxide from Polymer Films Containing S-Nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine Derivatized Fumed Silica Filler (2004)

This report describes the first hydrophobic nitric oxide (NO)-releasing material that utilizes light as an external on/off trigger to control the flux of NO generated from cured polymer films. Fumed silica polymer filler particles were derivatized with S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine and blended into the center layer of trilayer silicone rubber films. Nitric oxide is generated upon irradiation with light, and fluxes increase with increasing power of incident light. The ability to precisely control NO generation from this material has the potential to answer fundamental questions about the levels of NO needed to achieve desired therapeutic affects in different biomedical applications.
Crystal structure of 7-methoxy-1-{[(E)-2,6-dimethylphenylimino] (phenyl)methyl}-2-naphthol: Clarification of non-covalent bonding interactions on the basis of spatial organization of single molecular structure and the molecular alignments (2017)

Crystal structure of the title compound, 7-methoxy-1-{[( E )-2,6-dimethylphenylimino] (phenyl)methyl}-2-naphthol, which has N -aryl group instead of ketonic carbonyl group has been comparatively analysed with the precursor compound of 1-benzoyl-2-hydroxy-7-methoxynaphthalene. The distinct features in the molecular accumulation structures of title triarylimine compound and the precursor diaryl ketone demonstrate that the spatial organization of the former is mainly determined π-π stacking interaction and for the latter the non-classical hydrogen bondings govern the spatial organization. Besides both of the compounds show non-coplanaryl accumulation of aromatic rings molecular structure, the title compound has molecular core of imino group which attaches three aromatic rings of C- 1-naphthyl, C -phenyl, and N -phenyl stems of nearly perpendicular alignment of each aryl groups to residual two aryl ones respectively, giving highly congested circumstance at the inner site of molecules. On the other hand, the precursor aromatic ketone molecule has relatively large space compared to title compound, enabling conformational flexibility to some extent within restriction of maintaining non-coplanar organization. The molecules of the precursor compound in crystal are stabilized by a number of non-covalent bonding interactions, mainly by non-classical hydrogen bondings. The achievement stabilization contributed a number of non-classical hydrogen bonding is considered to be due to the inner-molecular motility of single molecular structure. Contrarily, the congested inner-molecular situation of title compound makes largely rigid molecular conformation, which affords at the same time exposure of three aromatic planes outside the molecular core. The single molecular organization permits π-π stacking interaction stabilization instead of formation of a number of weak interactions. Thus, the governing factors for the distinct feature of the single molecular and the accumulation structures of title compound and the precursor are interpreted from the viewpoint of predominantly effective intermolecular interaction, a strong π-π stacking interaction or sum of weak non-classical hydrogen bondings, determined by the inner-molecular congestive conditions directly affects the inner-molecular motility.
Rabbit Plasma, unlike Its Human Counterpart, Contains no Complex between Protein S and C4b-Binding Protein (1994)

In human plasma, the anticoagulant vitamin K-dependent protein S exists in two molecular forms, as free protein and complexed to C4b-binding protein (C4BP), a complement regulatory protein. It has been suggested that rabbit plasma also contains two forms of protein S and that the interaction between protein S and C4BP in rabbits can be modulated by synthetic peptides corresponding to a sequence (residues 605-614) in the carboxy-terminal part of protein S. In this report, we provide results which challenge the conclusion that rabbit plasma contains the complexed form of protein S. The two forms of protein S in human plasma were separated by gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-300 and the presence of protein S in the various fractions analyzed by Western blotting using a monoclonal antibody (HPS 21) directed against the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid rich module of human protein S. This antibody, which was found to cross-react with rabbit protein S on Western blotting, was used in affinity purification of protein S from rabbit plasma as well as of recombinant rabbit protein S. HPS 21 specifically recognized protein S in rabbit plasma and did not cross-react with the other vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins. To elucidate whether rabbit plasma contained two forms of protein S, rabbit plasma was subjected to gel-filtration chromatography followed by Western blotting of the fractions with monoclonal antibody HPS 21. Protein S was found only in fractions eluting at a position corresponding to that of free protein S.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Colorful Friedel−Crafts Chemistry of meso-Tetraarylporphyrins. An Unexpected Route to Porphyrinic Spiro Dimers (2003)

Under Friedel-Crafts conditions, meso-tetraarylporphyrins give porphyrin spiro dimers in good yield. This reaction involves acylation, acid-catalyzed cyclization, and dimerization. A stable dimer possessing three additional six-membered rings could be isolated and its structure determined. By modifying the substrate and reagents, intermediates could be isolated and characterized. The reactivity of the substrates, the side-reactions, and the concentration requirements to form the dimers, all explain why this reaction remained apparently unexplored in the widely used meso-tetraarylporphyrin series. [reaction: see text]
A small-molecule lead compound for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (2005)

At autopsy, Alzheimer’s disease is characterised by the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, made up of two peptide sequences, amylo-id-β1-40 (Aβ40) and amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42). In Tyrode’s solution (2 mM Ca2+), 10μM Aβ42 peptide almost immediately aggregates and eventually forms β-sheets. This aggregation can be inhibited with 4,5-dianilinophthalimide (DAPH). Ca2+-permeant AMPA receptors are involved in the neuronal Ca2+ influx (neurotoxicity) induced by the Aβ42 peptide in cultured neuronal cells. The Ca2+ influx observed with pre-incubated Aβ42 peptide was inhibited by DAPH. DAPH also inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor kinase, and this will prevent its development for use in Alzheimer’s disease. The potential of DAPH as a small-molecule lead compound for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease next requires the separation of the structural requirements that reverse fibril formation and inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor kinase.
Razionale e valore fondamentale della Rete Italiana integrata dell’Amiloidosi Cardiaca (2023)

The perspective on amyloidosis has changed deeply over the last 10 years following major advances in diagnosis and treatment options, especially in cardiac amyloidosis. This intrinsically heterogeneous disease exposes to the risk of fragmentation of knowledge and requires the interaction among experts of different specialties and subspecialties. Suspicion of disease, timely recognition and confirmation of final diagnosis, prognostic stratification, clinical management and therapeutic strategies represent essential steps to be taken. Missing or delaying the diagnosis may have dramatic impact on patient outcome, as in the case of chemotherapy in unrecognized light-chain amyloidosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the foundation of an Italian Amyloidosis Network to deal with the challenges of this condition and orient clinical management at national and local levels. The present consensus document aims to provide the rationale and scopes of the Italian Amyloidosis Network, which has been conceived as an organizational framework for professionals managing patients with amyloidosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Selectin‐Saccharide Interactions: Revealing Structure‐Function Relationships with Chemical Synthesis. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modeling Adaptive Learning Agents for Domain Knowledge Transfer (2019)

The implementation of intelligent agents in industrial applications is often prevented by the high cost of adopting such a system to a particular problem domain. This paper states the thesis that when learning agents are applied to work environments that require domain-specific experience, the agent benefits if it can be further adapted by a supervising domain expert. Closely interacting with the agent, a domain expert should be able to understand its decisions and update the underlying knowledge base as needed. The result would be an agent with individualized knowledge that comes in part from the domain experts. The model of such an adaptive learning agent must take into account the problem domain, the design of the learning agent and the perception of the domain user. Therefore, already in the modeling phase, more attention must be paid to make the learning element of the agent adaptable by an operator. Domain modeling and meta-modeling methods could help to make inner processes of the agent more accessible. In addition, the knowledge gained should be made reusable for future agents in similar environments. To begin with, the existing methods for modeling agent systems and the underlying concepts will be evaluated, based on the requirements for different industrial scenarios. The methods are then compiled into a framework that allows for the description and modeling of such systems in terms of adaptability to a problem domain. Where necessary, new methods or tools will be introduced to close the gap between inconsistent modeling artifacts. The framework shall then be used to build learning agents for real-life scenarios and observe their application in a case study. The results will be used to assess the quality of the adapted knowledge base and compare it to a manual knowledge modeling process.
Hyperpolarized 89Y Offers the Potential of Direct Imaging of Metal Ions in Biological Systems by Magnetic Resonance (2007)

Hyperpolarization of 89YCl3 and three 89Y-complexes was achieved by dynamic nuclear polarization of aqueous samples. The long T1s of 89Y make its application as an NMR imaging probe extremely promising. In addition, the wide chemical shift range for various chelates of 89Y means that agents sensitive to their biological/chemical milieu could serve as exquisite sensors of important biological events.
Ex Situ Reconstitution of the Plant Biopolyester Suberin as a Film (2014)

Biopolymers often have unique properties of considerable interest as a basis for new materials. It is however not evident how to extract them from plants without destroying their chemical skeleton and inherent properties. Here we report the ex situ reconstitution of the biopolyester suberin as a new waterproof and antimicrobial material. In plant cell walls, suberin, a cross-linked network of aromatic and aliphatic monomers, builds up a hydrophobic protective and antimicrobial barrier. Recently we succeeded in extracting suberin from the plant cell wall using the ionic liquid cholinium hexanoate. During extraction the native three-dimensional structure of suberin was partially preserved. In this study, we demonstrate that this preservation is the key for its ex situ reconstitution. Without any chemical additives or purification, the suberin composing macromolecules undergo self-association on the casting surface forming a film. Suberin films obtained show barrier properties similar to those of the suberin barrier in plants, including a potentially broad bactericidal effect.
A Novel Framework for Classification of Cardiovascular Disease Using Local Linear Embedding as Feature Selection Method (2021)

A huge amount of biological data has been collected which is related to cardiovascular disease in healthcare industry and it’s increasing day by day. This enormous amount of data is in irregular form. So it is difficult to extract useful information in limited time and within affordable cost range. That’s why we need some dimensionality reduction feature methods to process this data with combination of data mining techniques to extract useful information from this huge amount of data. Data mining techniques such as Decision tree, Naïve Bayes, Neural network, K-Nearest neighbor and Random Forest has been previously used by many researchers for classification of cardiovascular patients. In this work, LLE used as feature selection method on two datasets; Cleveland and Statlog before applying classification methods, Decision Tree (DTree), Random Forest (RF), Support vector Machine (SVM) and Neural Network (NN) to predict the cardiovascular disease in patients. The results show that Random Forest is the best classifier for the prediction of cardiovascular disease with highest prediction accuracy for both Cleveland and Statlog heart disease datasets. It shows AUC-ROC as 1 with 80% training datasets. This framework will also be time effective and cost effective.
Rheological studies of thermo-responsive diblock copolymer worm gels (2012)

A series of diblock copolymer worms are prepared via aqueous dispersion polymerization using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization chemistry. More specifically, a poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) RAFT chain transfer agent is used to polymerize a water-miscible monomer, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, at 70 °C. The poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA) chains become increasingly hydrophobic as they grow, which leads to nanoparticle formation. Careful control of the diblock composition is achieved by fixing the mean degree of polymerization (DP) of the PGMA stabilizer block at 54 and systematically varying the DP of the core-forming PHPMA block. This strategy enables the worm phase space to be targeted reproducibly. These worms form soft free-standing gels in aqueous solution due to inter-worm entanglements. Rheological studies enable the influence of the diblock copolymer composition on the gel strength, critical gelation concentration (CGC) and critical gelation temperature (CGT) to be assessed. A maximum in gel strength is observed as the DP of the PHPMA block is increased from 130 to 170. The initial increase is due to longer worms, while the subsequent decrease is associated with worm clustering, which leads to more brittle gels. The gel strength is reduced from approximately 100 Pa to 10 Pa as the copolymer concentration is lowered from 10 to 5 w/w%, with a CGC being observed at around 3 to 4 w/w%. The CGT is relatively concentration-independent, but sensitive to the diblock copolymer composition: longer (more PHPMA-rich) chains lead to the CGT being reduced from 20 °C to 7 °C. This is because longer PHPMA blocks require a greater degree of hydration to induce the worm-to-sphere transition, which can only achieved at progressively lower temperatures. Reversible de-gelation also occurs on cooling, since there can be no entanglements between isotropic particles. This RAFT formulation also provides a rare example of thermo-responsive diblock copolymer worms.
Two-beam coupling deconvolution via spatially variable dynamic spectral compression (2005)

During the last decade we have extended the implementation of companding techniques in communication theory to apply to improve image processing in several optical systems by using implementations using nonlinear optical media. In this paper we introduce a photorefractive two-beam-coupling deconvolution using spatially-variable dynamic spectral compression. Resolution recovery of blurred noisy images is demonstrated for several different type of image blur.
Improvement of MRI Probes To Allow Efficient Detection of Gene Expression (2000)

Recently, it has been demonstrated that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) targeted to an engineered transferrin receptor enables imaging of gene expression. However, the relatively high doses of iron oxides used indicated the need for improved MR imaging probes to monitor changes in gene expression in vivo. Using alternative conjugation chemistries to link targeting ligands and iron oxide nanoparticles, we present the development and characterization as well as improved receptor binding and MRI detection of a novel imaging probe. Iron oxide nanoparticles with a cross-linked dextran coat were conjugated to transferrin (Tf) through the linker molecule N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP) to yield Tf-S-S-CLIO. The characteristics of this conjugate were evaluated in comparison to Tf-MION and Tf-CLIO generated by oxidative activation of the dextran-coat with subsequent reduction of Schiff's base. SPDP conjugation allowed approximately a 4-fold increase in the number of Tf molecules attached per iron oxide nanoparticle and resulted in a more than 10-fold improvement of binding and uptake by cells. This translated into an imaging probe that was 16 times better for imaging gene expression in a cellular MRI assay. This novel probe for MRI may substantially increase the sensitivity for the detection of endogenous or genetically induced transferrin receptor expression in small numbers of cells and may significantly reduce the imaging dose from over 100 mg/kg to doses of iron oxides that are currently used in clinical imaging.
Maintenance, Loss, and Resurgence of T Cell Responses During Acute, Protracted, and Chronic Viral Infections (2004)

The acute phase of many viral infections is associated with the induction of a pronounced CD8 T cell response which plays a principle role in clearing the infection. By contrast, certain infections are not as readily controlled. In this study, we have used the well-defined system of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of mice to determine quantitative and qualitative changes in virus-specific CD8 T cell responses that rapidly resolve acute infections, more slowly control protracted infections, or fail to clear chronic infections. Acute LCMV infection elicits potent, functional, multi-epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses. Virus-specific CD8 T cells also expand, albeit to a lesser extent, during protracted LCMV infection. Under these conditions, there is a progressive diminution in the capacity to produce IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma. Changes in cytotoxic activities are also detectable but differ depending upon the specificity of the responding cells. As the infection is slowly resolved, a resurgence of cytokine production by virus-specific CD8 T cells is observed. CD4-deficient mice cannot control infection with certain strains of LCMV, but do mount multi-epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses that also lose effector capabilities; however, they are not maintained indefinitely in an unresponsive state as these cells become deleted over time. Overall, our findings suggest that constant high viral loads result in the progressive diminution of T cell effector functions and subsequent physical loss of the responding cells, whereas if the viral load is brought under control a partial restoration of CD8 T cell functions can occur.
Bi-Sb alloys: an update (2002)

This paper is devoted to a survey of the principal studies performed on Bi-Sb thermoelectric materials over the last forty years. Bi-Sb alloys are still the best n-type materials for refrigeration at low temperatures nowadays. After a brief introduction of their physical characteristics (crystallography and band structure), the elaboration, characterization and transport properties (thermoelectric and galvanomagnetic) of the Bi-Sb alloys will be presented. The results obtained on bulk materials, in single crystalline and polycrystalline forms, and thin films will be discussed.
Incidence of hepatitis B viraemia, detected using the polymerase chain reaction, after successful therapy of hepatitis B virus carriers with interferon–α (1991)

Thirty-nine patients (62 sera) who, after interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, were seronegative for HBeAg and HBV-DNA by dot blot hybridisation, were tested using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for residual viraemia. Overall, 59% of the HBsAg-positive sera and 43% of the HBsAg-negative sera were positive by PCR. All except one of the HBsAg-negative patients had seroconverted to anti-HBs. Between 13 and 18 months after therapy, 33% of the HBsAg-positive and 20% of the HBsAg-negative patients remained viraemic. Eighteen months after the end of treatment, no patient tested was positive. Twenty-three patients were tested sequentially over periods from 1 to 43 months: Thirteen lost HBV-DNA by PCR, three remained positive, five remained negative, and two patients relapsed. The merits and disadvantages of PCR for assessing interferon treatment of HBV carriers are discussed.
INFLUENCE OF CROP LOAD ON ´CHAMBOURCIN´ YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY, AND WINTER HARDINESS UNDER MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS (2005)

ISHS VII International Symposium on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology INFLUENCE OF CROP LOAD ON ´CHAMBOURCIN´ YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY, AND WINTER HARDINESS UNDER MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS