gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiviral and Virucidal Activities against Arenaviruses of Zinc-Finger Active Compounds (2000)

Fifteen antiretroviral Zn-finger active compounds with diverse chemical structures, including azoic compounds, hydrazide derivatives, disulphide-based reagents and others were screened in vitro against Junin virus (JUNV), the aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever, by a virus yield inhibition assay in Vero cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated simultaneously by the MTT method. Of the compounds, three were totally inactive as antivirals, nine presented moderate anti JUNV-activity and three were truly active with EC50 (effective concentration 50%) values in the range 6.5-9.3 microM and with selectivity indices greater than 10. The most active inhibitors, named NSC20625, 3-7 and 2-71, demonstrated a broad range of action against arenaviruses, including several attenuated and pathogenic strains of JUNV as well as the antigenically related Tacaribe virus (TACV) and Pichinde virus (PICV). The direct treatment of JUNV and TACV virions with the compounds showed two types of behaviour: the aromatic disulphide NSC20625 was a very potent virucidal agent, whereas the other two compounds exhibited moderate or negligible virus-inactivating properties.
Expedient Iodocyclization Approach Toward Polysubstituted 3H‐Benzo[e]indoles (2015)

Abstract A facile and expedient iodocyclization of 4‐(2‐prop‐1‐ynylphenyl)‐1 H ‐pyrroles towards the synthesis of polysubstituted 3 H ‐benzo[ e ]indoles is reported. The transformation was optimized and the best results were obtained by using iodine (1.2 equiv,) in dichloromethane, and potassium carbonate as base. The starting 1,2,3,4‐tetrasubstituted pyrroles were efficiently obtained by means of a nickel(II) chloride‐promoted four‐component (nitromethane, amine, 2‐alkynylbenzaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate) reaction. Further functionalization of the resulting 5‐iodoheterocycles was also explored. magnified image
Review of battery safety for emergency communication and tracking systems for underground mining operations (2015)

The passage of the MINER Act of 2006 has placed stronger requirements on communication and tracking equipment used in underground mines for emergency operations. This review details the safety concerns of battery chemistries that are expected to see use in emergency communication and tracking equipment. The performance and safety requirements for portable and stationary equipment are summarised. Descriptions are provided for domestic and international standards regarding intrinsic safety. Common concerns for battery charging systems for underground mines are also addressed.
Nouvelles approches en synthèse organique : de l'activation micro-onde à la chimie sans solvant. Applications en chimie hétérocyclique (2008)

International audience
5.2 GHz On-Chip Antenna/ Inductor for Short Range Wireless Communication Applications (2006)

This paper presents the design of a 5.2 GHz on-chip inductor employing a standard 13.5 Ω-cm bulk silicon substrate in a 0.13µm CMOS process. This inductor is optimized to radiate efficiently and therefore serves as an on-chip antenna as well. Two different geometries are compared in terms of their inductive and radiation characteristics and their various tradeoffs are discussed. The optimized on-chip inductor/ antenna has a Q of 9.2, L of 2.0 nH and an omni-directional radiation pattern with a gain of -22 dB on a lossy silicon substrate. This paper also illustrates a transmission link utilizing an injection locked oscillator and on-chip inductors/antennas which can communicate successfully up to 25 cm. The antenna demonstrates strong potential for integration into VLSI technology to implement single-chip wireless systems for low cost, low power and short range communication applications.
Structural Investigations on T1 Lipopolysaccharides (1969)

The structure of the lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella friedenau T1 form has been investigated. The T1‐specific chains are composed of almost equal amounts of β‐ d ‐ribofuranose and β‐ d ‐galactofuranose residues. The former are linked to the 2‐position, the latter to the 3‐position or, to a smaller extent, to the 6‐position. A low percentage of branching, through β‐ d ‐galactofuranose residues, substituted in the 3‐ and 6‐position, is demonstrated. The core region of the T1 lipopolysaccharide seems to have the same general structure as that of other Salmonella lipopolysaccharides.
Behavior-based control for autonomous underwater exploration (2002)

We present a system for behavior-based control of an autonomous underwater vehicle for the purpose of inspection of coral reefs, a task currently performed by divers holding a video camera while following a rope. Using sonar and vision-based approaches, behaviors have been developed for guiding the robot along its intended course, for maintaining a constant height above the sea floor, and for avoiding obstacles. A task-level controller selects which behaviors should be active according to user-defined plans and in response to system failures. Behavior arbitration has been implemented using both fuzzy logic and utility fusion. Initial experiments have been conducted in a natural coastal inlet, and the system is to be soon demonstrated in the coral reef environment.
Nanotube de carbone : l'éprouvette à nanocristaux (2016)

National audience
Cyanide Transformation in Anaerobic Phenol-Degrading Methanogenic Cultures (1989)

Cyanide, which is inhibitory to methanogenesis, is a common toxic contaminant in a variety of industrial wastewaters. Among these are coal conversion and coking wastewaters which contain phenolics which are amenable to biodegradation by methanogenic consortia. Semicontinuous anaerobic phenol-degrading cultures were exposed to a range of total cyanide concentrations from 5 to 30 mg/l (free cyanide from 0 to 18 mg/l) for a 140-day period. The higher cyanide concentrations gave longer lag periods before the onset of methane production. After methanogenesis became established, the rate of methane production in cyanide-fed cultures matched that of the cyanide-free controls. In batch cultures, free cyanide was substantially removed before the onset of methanogenesis. Addition of 14CN− to a semicontinuous culture demonstrated that the majority of the label was transformed to a product that remained in the liguid phase. Although the product has not been identified, thin layer chromatography analysis has shown that it is not one of the following detoxification products reported for aerobic biological systems: thiocyanate, β-cyanoalanine, valine, alanine, aspartate or asparagine; nor is the product ferrocyanide or a cobalt complex. These studies have shown that methanogenic consortia can detoxify cyanide while they continue to degrade phenol.
Reduced Clot Stability by Thromboelastography as a Potential Indicator of Procedure-Related Bleeding in Decompensated Cirrhosis (2020)

In patients with decompensated cirrhosis, procedure-related bleeding is a potentially lethal complication. Routine coagulation tests such as international normalized ratio and platelet count do not predict bleeding risk. We investigated whether thromboelastography (TEG) can identify patients with cirrhosis who are at risk of procedure-related bleeding. As a part of a prospective study on hemostasis in decompensated cirrhosis, patients had TEG performed on admission and were followed prospectively during hospitalization for the development of procedure-related bleeding. Eighty patients with cirrhosis were included. Among the 72 who had procedures performed, 7 had procedure-related bleeding, which was major in three cases (two following paracentesis and one following thoracentesis). Conventional coagulation tests were comparable between bleeding and nonbleeding patients, whereas TEG parameters of k-time (4.5 minutes vs. 2.2 minutes; P = 0.02), α-angle (34° vs. 59°; P = 0.003), and maximum amplitude (37 mm vs. 50 mm; P = 0.004) were significantly different (all indicative of hypocoagulability). TEG maximum amplitude (MA), a marker of overall clot stability, accurately discriminated between patients who had major, life-threatening bleeding (all with MA &lt; 30 mm) and those who had mild or no bleeding (all with MA &gt; 30 mm), whereas a platelet count &lt; 50 × 10 9 /L could not discriminate between bleeding (minor or major) and nonbleeding patients. Conclusion : In a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis, TEG parameters associated with hypocoagulability appeared to predict procedure-related bleeding, particularly a TEG MA &lt; 30 mm. If results are validated in a larger cohort, this could be a threshold to identify patients with decompensated cirrhosis at higher risk for procedure-related bleeding, in whom to consider preprocedural prophylaxis.
Accuracy of single-shot autocorrelation measurements of petawatt laser pulses (2012)

At the Shen Guang II (SGII) Petawatt Laser Facility, measurements of large-energy, single-shot laser pulses sometimes feature asymmetric autocorrelation signals, causing uncertainty in the measurement of compressed pulses. This study presents a method for defining and describing the asymmetry of autocorrelation signals. We discuss two sources of asymmetry: the nonuniform distribution of the near field excited by a beam, and the rotation of autocorrelator arms from the cylinder lens. The pulsewidth of an asymmetric autocorrelation signal is shorter than its real width. After updating the autocorrelator, the single-shot autocorrelator for the SGII petawatt laser exhibits a measurement uncertainty of below 12.3%. Recommendations on reducing asymmetry in large-energy, single-shot autocorrelation are discussed.
Supplementary Tables S1-S3 from Enhanced Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Caused by Tumor-Derived E-Cadherin Mutations (2023)

Supplementary Tables S1-S3 from Enhanced Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Caused by Tumor-Derived E-Cadherin Mutations
A multicenter phase II randomized study of Cremophor‐free polymeric nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel in women with locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer after failure of anthracycline (2012)

NP is well tolerated and can be safely administered without any premedication in comparison to conventional paclitaxel, which requires the use of premedication before administration. NP demonstrates promising efficacy with a favorable safety profile.
Study of Nickel Adsorption Properties of Chemically Treated Woody Biomass (2017)

A new effective method for fabricating adsorbents using woody biomass in order to reduce bio-waste must be developed. This paper discusses the chemical treatment of woody biomass and reports a new adsorbent with high metal adsorption ability. This adsorbent was prepared by performing three treatments. The first was potassium loading onto woody biomass through impregnation using a potassium carbonate solution. The second was heat treatment at 250 C to increase the number of metal-capturing groups. The third was nitric acid treatment to remove potassium species. The metal adsorption ability of the resulting adsorbent, measured as the nickel loading, was as high as approximately 8.3 wt%. This adsorbent was heated at 600 C after nickel loading and it was found that the nickel particles were approximately 3.5 nm in size and highly dispersed in the char. This indicated that the nickel-loaded char had potential to show high activity for biomass tar reforming.
Protective Role for Properdin in Progression of Experimental Murine Atherosclerosis (2014)

Genetic, dietary and immune factors contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in humans and mice. Complement activation is an integral part of the innate immune defence but also shapes cellular responses and influences directly triglyceride synthesis. Deficiency of Factor B of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement is beneficial in LDLR(-/-) mice fed a high fat diet. The serum glycoprotein properdin is a key positive regulator of the AP but has not been studied in experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was assessed after feeding low fat (LFD) or high fat (HFD) Western type diets to newly generated LDLR(-/-) Properdin(KO) (LDLR(-/-)P(KO)) and LDLR-/-PWT mice. Lipids, lymphocytes and monocytes were similar among genotypes, genders and diets. Complement C3, but not C3adesarg, levels were enhanced in LDLR(-/-)P(KO) mice regardless of diet type or gender. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were decreased in male LDLR(-/-)P(KO) fed a HFD compared with controls. All mice showed significant atherosclerotic burden in aortae and at aortic roots but male LDLR(-/-) mice fed a LFD were affected to the greatest extent by the absence of properdin. The protective effect of properdin expression was overwhelmed in both genders of LDLR(-/-)mice when fed a HFD. We conclude that properdin plays an unexpectedly beneficial role in the development and progression of early atherosclerotic lesions.
Recrystallization and Zone Melting of Charged Colloids by Thermally Induced Crystallization (2013)

We examined the application of recrystallization and zone-melting crystallization methods, which have been used widely to fabricate large, high-purity crystals of atomic and molecular systems, to charged colloidal crystals. Our samples were aqueous dispersions of colloidal silica (with particle diameters of d = 108 or 121 nm and particle volume fractions of ϕ = 0.035-0.05) containing the weak base pyridine. The samples crystallized upon heating because of increases in the particle charge numbers, and they melted reversibly on cooling. During the recrystallization experiments, the polycrystalline colloids were partially melted in a Peltier cooling device and then were crystallized by stopping the cooling and allowing the system to return to ambient temperature. The zone-melting crystallization was carried out by melting a narrow zone (millimeter-sized in width) of the polycrystalline colloid samples and then moving the sample slowly over a cooling device to recrystallize the molten region. Using both methods, we fabricated a few centimeter-sized crystals, starting from millimeter-sized original polycrystals when the crystallization rates were sufficiently slow (33 μm/s). Furthermore, the optical quality of the colloidal crystals, such as the half-band widths of the diffraction peaks, was significantly improved. These methods were also useful for refining. Small amounts of impurity particles (fluorescent polystyrene particles, d = 333 nm, ϕ = 5 × 10(-5)), added to the colloidal crystals, were excluded from the crystals when the crystallization rates were sufficiently slow (∼0.1 μm/s). We expect that the present findings will be useful for fabricating large, high-purity colloidal crystals.
Expression of estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma) in human skin. (2008)

Skin is a non-classical target for estrogens. Despite evidence showing that estrogen receptors (ER) are expressed in skin, there are still extensive gaps in our understanding of how estrogens exert their action in non-reproductive tissues. Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma), an orphan member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, shows a strong sequence homology with estrogen receptor alpha but it does not bind estradiol. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the expression of ERRgamma in adult human skin. ERRgamma mRNA was detected in the keratinocytes and fibroblasts of 8 female donor skins using RT-PCR. The presence of the protein was confirmed using immunohistochemistry on 11 adult human skins and Western Blotting on monolayer-cultures of fibroblasts and keratinocytes from respectively 4 and 2 donors. This study shows that ERRgamma is expressed in human skin and could intervene in a potentially new estrogen signaling pathway in the skin.
Surgical Management of Diabetic Macular Edema (2015)

International Ophthalmology Clinics: Fall 2015 - Volume 55 - Issue 4 - p 123-136 doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000082
Elaboration of Diaryl Ketones into Naphthalenes Fused on Two or Four Sides:  A Naphthoannulation Procedure (2004)

Transition metal-catalyzed double ring closures of 1,1-diaryl-2,2-diethynylethylenes yield polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocycles that contain a newly formed naphthalene ring system embedded in a larger polycyclic network. The diynes required for this procedure are readily synthesized from diaryl ketones by the Corey-Fuchs olefination and subsequent Sonogashira coupling with trimethylsilylacetylene followed by desilylation. This procedure provides easy access to new compounds such as 3,11-di-tert-butyl[4]helicene and 1,8,9-perinaphthothioxanthene. Double naphthoannulation of 9,10-anthraquinone by this procedure closes four new benzene rings in a single operation to give coronene, although the yield in this case is presently low.
A polarizing microscope for observation of magnetic domains (1963)

Ferromagnetic domains can be detected by using the Kerr magneto-optic effect. The factors influencing the visibility of such domains on a microscopic scale are considered. An experiment is described which shows the dependence of the visibility on the numerical aperture of the condenser and the mean angle of incidence. The results are applied to the design of a magneto-optic microscope. The microscope performance is illustrated and resolution limitations indicated.
Anomalous relaxation in the human brain mapped using ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging and time-fractional Bloch equation (2016)

MRI models based on integer order calculus lack the ability to accurately map magnitude signal decay in the human brain, likely due to magnetic susceptibility and microstructure variations in tissues. We applied fractional calculus to the Bloch equation with the aim of developing a model capable of matching experimental findings. Solution of the time-fractional Bloch equation resulted in a new five parameter model. We analysed model parameters in nine brain regions using multiple echo gradient recalled echo MRI data from five participants. Time-fractional model parameters may provide new ways of studying microstructure and susceptibility induced changes in the human brain.
CUZD1 and Anti-CUZD1 Antibodies as Markers of Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2013)

CUZD1, the CUB, and zona pellucida-like domains-containing protein 1, is a newly identified antigen of pancreatic autoantibodies (PAB) giving a reticulogranular pattern in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, and in particular Crohn's disease. The exact mechanisms by which this pancreatic antigen becomes the target of IBD-specific pancreatic autoantibodies are unclear. At the same time, evolving data strongly support a role for CUZD1 in carcinogenesis. Human CUZD1 is mapped at chromosome 10q26.13 and the loss of this region is a frequent event in various malignant tumours. mRNA overexpression of CUZD1 has been noted in ovarian cancer and serum levels of CUZD1 are elevated in women with ovarian cancer and patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. CUZD1 appears to be one of the relatively few biomarkers that serve as both cancer biomarker and autoantigen of autoantibodies in an autoimmune disease unrelated to cancerous organs. This review discusses the role of CUZD1 in cancer and autoimmunity. We anticipate that a better understanding of the function of CUZD1 will help us to understand how it becomes the focus of an autoimmune attack specifically targeting the intestine and its enigmatic role in carcinogenesis.
AMA Membership Is Critical for Success (2022)

After a nearly 10-year hiatus, I recently attended the meeting of the American Medical Association (AMA). Before I went, I was ready to argue the time and expense were better spent elsewhere. I was wrong. Here is why being a part of the AMA is critical to the success of the ISHRS: Scope of practice
Volumetric Impact of Fault Perturbation within the First Fresnel Zone (2015)

Summary Resolution within seismic imaging has to be understood in all three dimensions to make quantitative approximations of subsurface geometries. Constructive interference of incident spherical waves within the first Fresnel zone will limit the resolvable dips due to spatial aliasing. Motivated by the problem of estimating the effect on the volumetric ranges, which we can anticipate when allowing trapping features to be equally probable within the first Fresnel zone, we can construct multiple realizations of a geological setting. After an initial vertical slicing along the faults, to obtain the mean frequency and velocity within a horizontal window in the vicinity of the structural heterogeneities, we stochastically perturb the fault interpretations. The frequency and velocity dependent perturbation of the dips are analytically derived based on geometric considerations. The anticipated maxima of the repositioned fault dips allow to specify thresholds for deterministic definitions of high and low cases for the faults geometries in a framework. The structural models, resulting by repositioning the faults, show significant alterations of the hanging and footwall horizon terminations due to the varying dips. The outlined method is applied to the structural and stratigraphic interpretation obtained for a prospect in the Gulf of Mexico. The spatial variations of the bounding features, of the entrapped object, results in a spread of volumetric outcomes when analyzing the gross rock volume of a compartment.
Expression of the transcription factors GATA3 and Pax2 during development of the mammalian inner ear (2001)

The transcription factors GATA3 and Pax2 are expressed throughout development of the mouse inner ear. We have used antibodies to study their temporal and spatial expression patterns from embryonic days E8-E16.5. The two factors show reciprocal relationships in the regional patterning of the early otocyst and cellular patterning within the sensory epithelia. GATA3 is expressed in the whole otic placode at E8. In the otocyst at E9.5-10.5, the distribution is lateral and complementary to the medial expression pattern of Pax2. Only Pax2 is expressed in the endolymphatic duct, but both factors are expressed in the cochlea. At E11.5-13.5, GATA3 is expressed strongly in the cochlea, but in the dorsal, vestibular region it is downregulated. In all sensory epithelia, downregulation coincides with sensory innervation. Pax2 is expressed in all sensory and some nonsensory epithelia, but within sensory epithelia at E16.5 it is restricted to hair cells. GATA3 is expressed throughout key periods of cell proliferation, fate determination, and differentiation and is not specifically associated with any of these processes. Expression persists most strongly in the main components of the developing auditory system. These include the auditory sensory epithelium, the afferent and efferent nerves, and the mesenchymal and ectodermal cells in regions that form key parts of the middle and outer ear. GATA3 is thus expressed in functionally distinct groups of cells that integrate to form a complete sensory system. The results suggest that both factors may be involved in tissue compartmentalisation, morphogenesis, and cell signalling.
Kasumigamide, an Antialgal Peptide from the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (2000)

Kasumigamide (1), a novel antialgal tetrapeptide containing an N-terminal alpha-hydroxy acid, was isolated from the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (NIES-87). Its structure was elucidated by two-dimensional (1)H-(1)H and (1)H-(13)C NMR correlation experiments and confirmed by mass spectral and amino acid analyses. The absolute stereochemistry of 1 was determined by chemical studies. This peptide showed an antialgal activity against the green alga Chlamydomonas neglecta (NIES-439).