gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On achieving group strategyproof information dissemination in wireless networks (2009)

We study the dissemination of common information from a source to multiple peers within a multihop wireless network, where peers are equipped with uniform omni-directional antennas and have a fixed cost per packet transmission. While many peers may be interested in the dissemination service, their valuation or utility for such a service is usually private information. A desirable routing and charging mechanism encourages truthful utility reports from the peers. We provide both negative and positive results towards such mechanism design. We show that in order to achieve the group strategy proof property, a compromise in routing optimality or budget-balance is inevitable. In particular, the fraction of optimal routing cost that can be recovered through peer charges cannot be significantly higher than frac12. To answer the question whether constant-ratio cost recovery is possible, we further apply a primal-dual schema to simultaneously build a routing solution and a cost sharing scheme, and prove that the resulting mechanism is group strategy-proof and guarantees frac18-approximate cost recovery against an optimal routing scheme.
Evaluation and characterization of ceramic bearing materials. Final report for 1995--1998 (1999)

This report discusses the findings from one phase of the ongoing work to evaluate materials for Army bearing systems. The objective of this phase is to determine the response and longevity of various silicon nitride Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} materials to rolling contact fatigue (RCF) using hybrid and all-ceramic systems. Tests were conducted under regular lubrication and lubrication-starved conditions for extended periods. A correlation between RCF life and the hardness, strength, and microstructure of each silicon nitride is made. The various silicon nitride materials evaluated in these RCF tests were selected on the basis of providing a varied response to the RCF parameters and conditions used.
Determination of Six Kavalactones in Dietary Supplements and Selected Functional Foods Containing Piper methysticum by Isocratic Liquid Chromatography with Internal Standard (2005)

Kava (Piper methysticum) dietary products have been sold worldwide for treatment of nervous anxiety, tension, and restlessness. Recent reports showed potential association of kava usage and liver injuries. This study was conducted to develop simple and reliable methodologies for the extraction and determination of 6 major kavalactones: (+)-methysticin, (+)-dihydromethysticin, (+)-kavain, (+)-dihydrokavain, yangonin, and desmethoxyyangonin. Ultrasonic extraction techniques and isocratic reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) were optimized for different types of samples, including capsules containing kava root extract or root powder, raw root material, tea bags, and snack bar. A suitable internal standard, 5,7-dihydroxyflavone, was used for LC calibration. Kavalactones were completely separated in 30 min using a Luna C18-2 column at 60 degrees C with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 2-propanol-acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (16 + 16 + 68 + 0.1, v/v/v/v). Within-laboratory, intraday, and interday method variation (% relative standard deviation) for most samples extracted by methanol or methanol-water mixture were <5%. Lower levels of kavalactone contents and higher variations were observed for tea bags from water extraction or infusion as compared to methanol extraction. Labeling information of tea bags based on methanol extraction could be misleading to consumers. Analytical recoveries of snack bar fortified at 10 and 20 microg/g were >84% with RSD values <8%. Methods developed in this study offer a simple and reproducible means for analysis of kavalactones in various matrixes of dietary products.
Transparent Fault-Tolerance Based on Asynchronous Virtual Machine Replication (2010)

Fault-tolerance of services has received great attention for years, yet it is not clear how this can be done efficiently for different types of services. Current research focuses on finding strategies to provide fault-tolerance using commodity hardware and as independent of the service and transparent to clients as possible. We propose a replication system to provide fault-tolerance for any type of service by running the service instance into a virtual machine and replicate the entire virtual machine using an asynchronous replication strategy. The testing prototype was implemented using Xen hyper visor and an asynchronous replication strategy that gives better replication time than the synchronous one.
Prolonged renal allograft survival by donor interleukin-6 deficiency: association with decreased alloantibodies and increased intragraft T regulatory cells (2011)

Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in renal allograft rejection. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a regulatory cytokine for both B and Foxp3 (forkhead box P3)-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells. This study was designed to investigate the impact of donor IL-6 production on renal allograft survival. Donor kidneys from IL-6 knockout (KO) vs. wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice (H-2(b)) were orthotopically transplanted to nephrotomized BALB/c mice (H-2(d)). Alloantibodies and Treg cells were examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Graft survival was determined by the time to graft failure. Here, we showed that a deficiency in IL-6 expression in donor kidneys significantly prolonged renal allograft survival compared with WT controls. IL-6 protein was upregulated in renal tubules and endothelium of renal allografts following rejection, which correlated with an increase in serum IL-6 compared with that in those receiving KO grafts or naive controls. The absence of graft-producing IL-6 or lower levels of serum IL-6 in the recipients receiving IL-6 KO allografts was associated with decreased circulating anti-graft alloantibodies and increased the percentage of intragraft CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells compared with those with WT allografts. In conclusion, the lack of graft-producing IL-6 significantly prolongs renal allograft survival, which is associated with reduced alloantibody production and/or increased intragraft Treg cell population, implying that targeting donor IL-6 may effectively prevent both humoral and cellular rejection of kidney transplants.
[2 + 1] Carbenoid Insertion Reaction of Fischer Carbene Complexes with Silanes: A Synthesis of Allylsilanes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT[2 + 1] Carbenoid Insertion Reaction of Fischer Carbene Complexes with Silanes: A Synthesis of AllylsilanesChi Ching Mak, Man Kin Tse, and Kin Shing ChanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 13, 3585–3589Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00092a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (650 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved Generation of PSD Functions, Artificial Accelerograms and Spectra, Fully Compatible with a Design Response Spectrum (1993)

paper K13/3
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Sulfides in Aqueous Micelles of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isolation and mapping of a new set of 129 RFLP markers in Arabidopsis thaliana using recombinant inbred lines (1996)

A new collection of 129 Arabidopsis thaliana RFLP markers has been established based upon DNA fragments cloned in the pUC119 plasmid vector and insert end sequences of P1 clones. Dominant/null alleles affecting low-copy number sequences account for nine of the mapped polymorphisms, suggesting that deletions are not rare in A. thaliana. Recombinant inbred (RI) lines were used for mapping these marker loci. RI line-based mapping allows integration of this set of markers with markers previously reported as well as with any markers mapped in the future using this replenishable mapping resource. These markers are useful for map-based gene isolation and genome physical mapping in A. thaliana as well as studies of chromosome colinearity (synteny) with related species.
Analysis and optimization of high efficiency multijunction a-Si:H solar cells (2002)

A phenomenological model for multijunction (MJ) a-Si solar cells which integrates a detailed optical model and an equivalent circuit model with voltage-dependent photocurrent was developed. The model has been used to analyze the performance of United Solar's world record stabilized 13.0% efficient triple junction cell. Light-biased MJ quantum efficiency was analyzed to estimate nominal i-layer bandgaps and thickness. Component cell JV data were analyzed to determine a consistent set of i-layer and diode properties. Using the component cell parameters, close agreement was found between the measured and calculated MJ performance. The performance of this MJ cell is insensitive to small changes in the thickness of the i-layers but is sensitive to the /spl mu/t of middle and bottom cells and small changes in bandgap. The model has been combined with a powerful multivariable optimization routine to identify requirements to reach 15% efficiency.
Eco-efficient Downstream Processing of Biobutanol by Enhanced Process Intensification and Integration (2018)

The biobutanol stream obtained after the fermentation step in the ABE process has a low concentration (less than 3 %wt butanol) that leads to high energy usage for conventional downstream separation. To overcome the high downstream processing costs, this study proposes a novel intensified separation process based on a heat pump (vapor recompression) assisted azeotropic dividing-wall column (A-DWC). Pinch analysis and rigorous process simulations have been used for the process synthesis, design and optimization of this novel sustainable process. Remarkably, the energy requirement for butanol separation using heat integration and vapor recompression assisted A-DWC is reduced by 58% from 6.3 to 2.7 MJ/kg butanol.
Electron Induced Nanoscale Nuclear Spin Relaxation Probed by Hyperpolarization Injection (2023)

We report on experiments that quantify the role of a central electronic spin as a relaxation source for nuclear spins in its nanoscale environment. Our strategy exploits hyperpolarization injection from the electron as a means to controllably probe an increasing number of nuclear spins in the bath and subsequently interrogate them with high fidelity. Our experiments are focused on a model system of a nitrogen vacancy center electronic spin surrounded by several hundred ^{13}C nuclear spins. We observe that the ^{13}C transverse spin relaxation times vary significantly with the extent of hyperpolarization injection, allowing the ability to measure the influence of electron-mediated relaxation extending over several nanometers. These results suggest interesting new means to spatially discriminate nuclear spins in a nanoscale environment and have direct relevance to dynamic nuclear polarization and quantum sensors and memories constructed from hyperpolarized nuclei.
Stoichiometry dependence and thermal stability of conducting NdGaO3/SrTiO3 heterointerfaces (2013)

The structural and electrical properties of conducting NdGaO3/SrTiO3 (NGO/STO) heterostructures grown at various deposition temperatures were investigated. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal a strong impact of the growth temperature on both crystallinity and cation stoichiometry of the NGO thin films. This stoichiometry variation significantly affects the electrical properties of the NGO/STO interface. High temperature conductance measurements under oxygen equilibrium conditions show a distinct conductance contribution of the NGO/STO interface up to 1000 K and exclude a conduction effect caused by a mere reduction of the STO substrate. Above 1000 K, the interface conduction is degrading due to a thermal instability. Both stoichiometry variation in as-grown films and thermal instability are attributed to the preferential evaporation of gallium from the NGO thin films at elevated temperatures.
Design, Synthesis and Interaction at the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 of Lobeline Analogs: Potential Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Psychostimulant Abuse (2011)

The vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2) is considered as a new target for the development of novel therapeutics to treat psychostimulant abuse. Current information on the structure, function and role of VMAT2 in psychostimulant abuse are presented. Lobeline, the major alkaloidal constituent of Lobelia inflata, interacts with nicotinic receptors and with VMAT2. Numerous studies have shown that lobeline inhibits both the neurochemical and behavioral effects of amphetamine in rodents, and behavioral studies demonstrate that lobeline has potential as a pharmacotherapy for psychostimulant abuse. Systematic structural modification of the lobeline molecule is described with the aim of improving selectivity and affinity for VMAT2 over neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and other neurotransmitter transporters. This has led to the discovery of more potent and selective ligands for VMAT2. In addition, a computational neural network analysis of the affinity of these lobeline analogs for VMAT2 has been carried out, which provides computational models that have predictive value in the rational design of VMAT2 ligands and is also useful in identifying drug candidates from virtual libraries for subsequent synthesis and evaluation.
Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy (2014)

Epilepsy is a chronic, noncommunicable, heterogeneous disorder characterized by the presence of recurrent, unprovoked seizures that are further classified depending on the manner in which seizures manifest, propagate and terminate. Commonly diagnosed forms of epilepsy include those characterized by familial history to those acquired from brain trauma. Several types of seizures have been identified in various forms of epilepsy and include: simple partial seizures during which the patient remains alert and lucid; myoclonic seizures, which are typified by sudden and short periods of unintentional jerking; absence seizures, which are seen as staring spells; and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which are characterized by a loss of consciousness and violent convulsions across the entire body. According to the WHO, approximately 50 million people worldwide currently suffer from epilepsy, with nearly 80% living in developing countries. Even with maximal care available in nations such as the USA, Great Britain and Germany, a conservative estimate is that up to 30% of patients afflicted with epilepsy will suffer poor control [1].
Keyhole formation and collapse in plasma arc welding (1999)

A mathematical model is developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow in stationary keyhole plasma arc welding. Using the volume of fluid method, the processes of heating, melting, collapsing and subsequent solidifying in the molten pool are dynamically studied. The predicted results have been compared with the experimental weld and keyhole shape. Using the LaserStrobe video system, the captured images of the upper surface of the weld pool are used to verify the predicted transient development of the weld pool. It is indicated that theoretical predictions and the experimental results are in close agreement.
Externalizing Thinking Through Modeling: ESRC Tools for Exploratory Learning Research Program (2012)

ThischapterdescribessomeoftheworkoftheToolsforExploratoryLearning Program,whichwaspartoftheEconomicandSocialResearchCouncil(ESRC) NationalInitiativeonInformationTechnologyinEducation(Bliss&Ogborn, 1989,1992a,1992b),andisanoutcomeoftheworkoftheLondonMental ModelsGroup(seeappendixa).Theprogramlooksatpupils'reasoningwhen theyaremodelingwithcomputertools.
Air Permeability & Porosity in Spun-laced Fabrics (2006)

The relationship between air permeability and fabric characteristics such as fabric weight, thickness and density in a variety of nonwoven types has already been investigated. The effect of porosity on air permeability has also been thoroughly evaluated in numerous research works. However in this paper, we report the effects of the specific energy in hydroentan glement on the air permeability of the resultant fabric. It is shown that within the ranges of the measurements, energy is not the only factor that affects the permeability. Although the same web weight is used in all trials, fabric weights and thicknesses did not show any clear or linear decrease when the energy given to the fabric was increased. The alteration of web weights and thicknesses under enhanced energy shows that entanglement mechanism in these nonwovens is not not as simple as we had expected. It is thought that the flow corridors in nonwovens are certainly very complex. This increased intricacy may be due to the randomness of nonwoven structures or the method of bonding such as the random hydroentanglement of spun-laced fabrics.
Figure S2 from ADAMDEC1 Maintains a Growth Factor Signaling Loop in Cancer Stem Cells (2023)

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Deterministic Genetic Barcoding for Multiplexed Behavioral and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Studies (2023)

Abstract Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have provided novel insights into the dynamics of gene expression throughout development, been used to characterize somatic variation and heterogeneity within tissues, and are currently enabling the construction of transcriptomic cell atlases. However, despite these remarkable advances, linking anatomical information to transcriptomic data and positively identifying the cell types that correspond to gene expression clusters in single-cell sequencing data sets remains a challenge. We describe a straightforward genetic barcoding approach that takes advantage of the powerful genetic tools available in Drosophila to allow in vivo tagging of defined cell populations. This method, called Targeted Genetically-Encoded Multiplexing (TaG-EM), involves inserting a DNA barcode just upstream of the polyadenylation site in a Gal4-inducible UAS-GFP construct so that the barcode sequence can be read out during single-cell sequencing, labeling a cell population of interest. By creating many such independently barcoded fly strains, TaG-EM will enable a number of potential applications that will improve the quality and information content of single-cell transcriptomic data including positive identification of cell types in cell atlas projects, identification of multiplet droplets, and barcoding of experimental timepoints, conditions, and replicates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the barcodes from TaG-EM fly lines can be read out using next-generation sequencing to facilitate population-scale behavioral measurements. Thus, TaG-EM has the potential to enable large-scale behavioral screens in addition to improving the ability to reliably annotate cell atlas data, expanding the scope, and improving the robustness of single-cell transcriptomic experiments.
The evolution of instruction sequencing (1991)

The three distinct phases that constitute the sequencing of an instruction are determining the memory address that contains the instruction, fetching the instruction from memory, and executing the instruction. The evolution of instruction sequencing is traced, with attention focused on the influence of the available technology on the minimum time required for each of these phases and the resulting design decisions. Rather than absolute system performance. the interrelationship of these critical parameters is examined. Memory bandwidth, instruction buffers, caches, and the impact of reduced-instruction-set computers (RISCs) are discussed. Recent innovations are described, and the options and constraints that designers face with respect to future developments are evaluated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Amyloid plaques beyond Aβ: a survey of the diverse modulators of amyloid aggregation (2017)

Aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is strongly correlated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent research has improved our understanding of the kinetics of amyloid fibril assembly and revealed new details regarding different stages in plaque formation. Presently, interest is turning toward studying this process in a holistic context, focusing on cellular components which interact with the Aβ peptide at various junctures during aggregation, from monomer to cross-β amyloid fibrils. However, even in isolation, a multitude of factors including protein purity, pH, salt content, and agitation affect Aβ fibril formation and deposition, often producing complicated and conflicting results. The failure of numerous inhibitors in clinical trials for AD suggests that a detailed examination of the complex interactions that occur during plaque formation, including binding of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and metal ions, is important for understanding the diversity of manifestations of the disease. Unraveling how a variety of key macromolecular modulators interact with the Aβ peptide and change its aggregation properties may provide opportunities for developing therapies. Since no protein acts in isolation, the interplay of these diverse molecules may differentiate disease onset, progression, and severity, and thus are worth careful consideration.
Producing 3D Audio in Ambisonics (2015)

Ambisonics is a 3D recording and playback method that is based on the representation of the sound field excitation as a decomposition into spherical harmonics. This representation facilitates spatial sound produc-tion that is independent of the playback system. The adaptation to a given playback system (loudspeakers or motion-tracked headphones) is achieved by a suitable decoder. This contribution gives an overview of the current state-of-the-art in Ambisonics including content produc-tion using Ambisonic main microphone arrays or panning of virtual sources, spatial effects, and reproduction by loudspeakers and headphones. The software for the whole production chain is already available as a VST-plugin suite for digital audio workstations. 1.
Prediction of fetal lung maturity from near-infrared spectra of amniotic fluid (1997)

Near-IR spectroscopy has the potential to become an alternate method to TLC for prediction of fetal pulmonary maturity.