gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intubation of a Child with a Difficult Airway Using a Laryngeal Mask Airway and a Guidewire and Jet Stylet (1999)

Department of Anesthesiology; School of Medicine; Fukuoka University; 7–45–1 Nanakuma; Jonan-ku, Fuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 814–0180, Japan;nitahara@fukuoka-u.ac.jp.To the Editor:-A 17-month-old 9.5-kg boy with Pierre Robin syndrome presented for repair of a cleft palate. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane in oxygen, and ventilation was maintained with the help of orpharyngeal airway. However, the vocal cords could not be observed during direct laryngoscopy, and hence a #2 laryngeal mask airway was inserted. After testing the ability to ventilate the patient with moderate positive pressure via the laryngeal mask airway, 1 mg of vecuronium was administered intravenously. A fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB; Olympus BF 3C-30, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) was then passed into the pharynx through a self-sealing port in the elbow connector. A j-tipped guidewire was passed through the suction port of the FOB into the trachea under direct vision, and the FOB was then removed. A tube exchanger (Cook Airway Exchange Catheter with Rapi-Fit Adapter, Size 8 French, Cook Critical Care, Bloomington, IN) was passed over the guidewire into the trachea. The guidewire and laryngeal mask airway were then removed, and a 4.0-mm-ID endotracheal tube was passed over the tube exchanger into the trachea. SpO(2) was maintained between 99% and 100% during the procedure.The use of FOBs to assist in the passage of small pediatric endotracheal tubes typically requires a small pediatric FOB that can be passed through the tube. Such FOBs are not available in all hospitals. Our intubation technique is likely to be valuable when a small pediatric FOB is not available. It also facilitates removal of the laryngeal mask airway. Similar techniques, such as passing the endotracheal tube directly over the guidewire [1] or ureteral dilator, [2] have been reported. However, a flexible guidewire seems to be an unreliable guide to the endotracheal tube. Moreover, with these techniques, it is difficult to oxygenate the patient while inserting the endotracheal tube. The use of a commercial tube exchanger, which can be used with a jet injector, can overcome this difficulty.Keiichi Nitahara, M.D.Ryuiku Watanabe, M.D.Kiyoshi Katori, M.D.Masatomo Yamasato, M.D.Matsuko Matsunaga, M.D.Kenjiro Dan, M.D.Department of Anesthesiology; School of Medicine; Fukuoka University; 7–45–1 Nanakuma; Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 814–0180, Japan;nitahara@fukuoka-u.ac.jp(Accepted for publication March 23, 1999.)
Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube−Polyaniline Composites via Electrostatic Adsorption in Aqueous Colloids (2007)

We report that, for the first time, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT)−polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were readily prepared via electrostatic adsorption in their mixed aqueous media. The pristine MWNTs were first oxidized to add some negative charges, and the PANI nanofibers, to add some positive charges, were fabricated by aqueous/organic interfacial polymerization, and then the MWNT−PANI composites were prepared by rapidly mixing the negatively charged oxidized MWNT aqueous colloid and the positively charged PANI aqueous colloid. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM, respectively) and Raman and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies were used to characterize the resulting composites. The results show that the electrostatic adsorptive forces between the positively charged PANI nanofibers and the negatively charged MWNTs enable precipitation of MWNT−PANI composites in the mixed aqueous colloids. This work provides new strategy for fabricating other nanocomposites of carbon nanotubes with conducting polymers.
Expression of Kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptors α and β in cholangiocarcinoma, and case report of therapy with imatinib mesylate (STI571) (2003)

We have evaluated the expression of Kit, a receptor encoded by the c-kit protooncogene, and platelet-derived growth factor-receptors (PDGF-R) alpha and beta in cholangiocarcinoma specimens from 13 separate patients, and provide a case report of a therapeutic trial of imatinib mesylate in one patient. Archived pathologic samples from 13 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were obtained. Tissue sections were hybridized with anti-Kit, anti-PDGF-Ralpha and anti-PDGF-Rbeta monoclonal antibodies. Kit, PDGF-Ralpha and PDGF-Rbeta expression was seen in 31, 69 and 46% of samples, respectively. All patients with PDGF-Rbeta expression also expressed PDGF-Ralpha. Three out of four patients with Kit expression did not express either PDGF receptor and only one patient exhibiting expression of PDGF expressed Kit. Cohen's kappa statistic demonstrated that PDGF and Kit expression were inversely correlated with borderline significance (p=0.052; kappa=-0.4742, 95% confidence interval -0.9821 to 0.03364). In one case, strong Kit expression was noted in a tumor from a metastatic lymph node, but was absent in the primary tumor, suggesting that Kit may be related to invasive or metastatic potential. Given the high level of expression defined in this study, a prospective clinical trial incorporating imatinib mesylate, alone or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy, and especially in chemotherapy-naive patients, should be considered for patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Ependymal Ciliary Loss Decreases Cerebral Spinal Fluid Flow (2014)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) afflicts up to 2 million people annually in the United States and is the primary cause of death and disability in young adults and children. Previous TBI studies have focused predominantly on the morphological, biochemical, and functional alterations of gray matter structures, such as the hippocampus. However, little attention has been given to the brain ventricular system, despite the fact that altered ventricular function is known to occur in brain pathologies. In the present study, we investigated anatomical and functional alterations to mouse ventricular cilia that result from mild TBI. We demonstrate that TBI causes a dramatic decrease in cilia. Further, using a particle tracking technique, we demonstrate that cerebrospinal fluid flow is diminished, thus potentially negatively affecting waste and nutrient exchange. Interestingly, injury-induced ventricular system pathology resolves completely by 30 days after injury as ependymal cell ciliogenesis restores cilia density to uninjured levels in the affected lateral ventricle.
Three chemically distinct types of oxidants formed by iron-mediated Fenton reactions in the presence of DNA. (1994)

Exposure of Escherichia coli to H2O2 leads to two kinetically distinguishable modes of killing: mode I killing occurs maximally near 2 mM H2O2, whereas mode II killing is essentially independent of H2O2 concentrations up to 20 mM. A major portion of H2O2 toxicity is attributed to DNA damage caused by the iron-mediated Fenton reaction. By studying DNA damage during Fenton reactions in vitro, the same complex kinetics were observed and three types of oxidants were distinguished based upon their reactivities toward H2O2 and alcohols and upon iron-chelator effects. Type I oxidants are sensitive to H2O2 but moderately resistant to ethanol; type II oxidants are resistant to both H2O2 and ethanol; type III oxidants are sensitive to H2O2, ethanol, and t-butanol. To explain these results, we hypothesize that type I oxidants are generated upon Fe2+ associated with DNA only through electrostatic interactions and cause mode I killing of E. coli; type II oxidants arise upon Fe2+, which is at least partially base-associated, and cause mode II killing; type III oxidants arise on Fe2+ free in solution and probably do not cause killing. Therefore, particular interactions of DNA with transition metals should be considered to be an integral part of the chemistry and toxicity of H2O2.
Expression of the human multidrug resistance gene mdr1 in leukemic cells and its application in studying P-glycoprotein antagonists. (2000)

Retroviral vector HaMDR allows transfection with high-level expression of the mdr1 gene in human myeloid progenitor cells K562. The transfected K562/MDR provides a simple, sensitive model for developing antagonists of P-gp and studying their mechanism of action.
EVALUATION OF A PILOT PROGRAM FOR RHEUMATIC DISABILITY IN AN URBAN COMMUNITY (1981)

A program for the systematic detection and management of arthritis disability was developed for an urban population. A survey identified 601 persons with rheumatic disability in a population of 9,500-10,550. Seventy-eight persons were evaluated and given recommendations. An ombudsman assisted the clients in obtaining health services and coordinated care. An evaluation 6-8 months later showed increased utilization of and referrals to relevant services but, on the whole, little improvement in functional capacity was noted. However, the small numbers do not definite conclusions.
Efficacy of Combination Gene Therapy with Multiple Growth Factor cDNAs to Enhance Skin Flap Survival in a Rat Model (2005)

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of combination gene therapy with multiple angiogenic growth factor cDNAs to enhance survival of ischemic skin flaps in a rat model. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups. Varying combinations of VEGF165, PDGF-B, and bFGF-plasmids were injected to prefabricate the flaps. Random skin flaps were raised on the dorsal aspect of rats following prefabrication with growth factor cDNAs. Flap viability was determined by measurement of percentage area of survival. The efficacy of gene therapy was evaluated by flap survival and neovascularization of representative histologic sections stained immunohistologically. The VEGF165 plus bFGF cDNAs enhanced the viability of the flap and neovascularization most effectively; the flap survival area was 64.3 +/- 8.7% after transfer of these two growth factor genes. Addition of PDGF-B cDNA is deleterious to the effects of combined VEGF165 and bFGF, leading to a significant decrease in flap viability (44.9 +/- 2.7%). Viability of the flaps with combined VEGF165 and bFGF cDNA transfer was significantly greater than that of the flaps with VEGF165 transfer alone (57.6 +/- 5.2%) or sham plasmid control (52.3 +/- 5.0%). Combined transfer of VEGF165 and bFGF cDNA is the most effective combination of multiple growth factor genes to improve flap viability in this model. Simultaneous transfer of three growth factor genes (VEGF165, PDGF-B, and bFGF) is deleterious to flap survival, at least for the ratio of lipofectin:transgene employed.
Complex Genetic Alterations in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors with Autonomic Nerve Differentiation (2002)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with neurogenic differentiation, also referred to as "gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumors (GANTs)," form an ultrastructurally distinctive subgroup of mesenchymal neoplasms of gastrointestinal tract. Cytogenetic and molecular data of these tumors are limited. In the current study, c-KIT gene sequenc-ing analysis, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and interphase fluorescence in situ hybrid- ization (FISH) analysis, utilizing chromosome 14- and 22-specific probes, were performed on five primary ultrastructurally confirmed GANTs. FISH and CGH analysis revealed loss of a whole or part of chromosome 14q in two tumors and of chromo- some 22q, with the common overlapping area of loss at q13, in all five tumors evaluated. c-KIT mu- tations were found in all cases; three tumors carried point mutation and/or deletions of exon 11, and in two tumors, insertion in exon 9 was found. These findings suggest that accumulated genetic changes contribute to the pathogenesis of GANTs and that 22q13 loss may be a characteristic feature of these tumors.
Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. 136. 1,3,5-Tri[2,6]pyridacyclohexaphane-2,4,6-trione ketals: synthesis, structural analysis, and complexation (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of heterocyclic compounds. 136. 1,3,5-Tri[2,6]pyridacyclohexaphane-2,4,6-trione ketals: synthesis, structural analysis, and complexationGeorge R. Newkome, Young J. Joo, David W. Evans, Frank R. Fronczek, and Gregory R. BakerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 22, 5714–5719Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00309a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00309a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Size effects of dislocation patterning in fatigued metals (1995)

The finite-size analog of the Walgraef—Aifantis (WA) model of the “reaction + diffusion” type has been proposed to explain the size effects of dislocation patterning in fatigued metals. It has been demonstrated that the formation of certain patterns can be understood as a result of competition between the intrinsic length scales of the WA-model and the linear size of the system which can be thought of as grain size, L. In our computer stimulations we demonstrate that depending on the value of grain size L, one can obtain formation of the ladder structure of persistent slip bands (L = 13 μm), dislocation grids overlying grain boundaries (L = 1 μm) or dislocation patterning can become prohibited when L → 0.1 μm and the system returns to the thermodynamic branch of solutions.
Software optimization of the MPEG-audio decoder using a 32-bit MCU RISC processor (2002)

This paper proposes optimization techniques to implement MPEG audio decoding algorithms in real-time using general-purpose 32-bit MCU RISC processor. Both MP3 and AAC LC profile decoding algorithms can be partitioned into two parts: control-intensive part and computation-intensive part. Optimization techniques in this study are focused on developing methodologies that are suitable for each part. We implemented MP3/AAC decoder using ARM-based RISC MPU and its test board. Both designed decoders with proposed optimizations could achieve decoding processes in real-time within an operating frequency of 35 MHz. ISO 13818-4 compliance test results confirmed that the proposed decoders ensured full compliance with the ISO 13818-3 audio decoder. These implementation results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed design methodology in both performance and cost.
BIOM-59. NOVEL BIOMARKER DISCOVERY AND DIAGNOSTICS FOR INTRA-AXIAL BRAIN TUMORS, USING CSF PROTEOMICS (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND Invasive brain sampling is typically necessary for reliable diagnosis and prognostication of intra-axial brain tumors but carries risk of morbidity. Liquid biopsy of proximal fluids may mitigate this risk. Through direct contact with the tumor microenvironment and, as an ultra-filtrate of plasma, the cerebrospinal fluid may be the ideal matrix. Reflecting the tumor phenotype, proteomic analyses are critical. Here we identified diagnostic CSF proteomic signatures and putatively novel biomarkers for glioblastoma (GBM), brain metastases (BM), and central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL). METHODS CSF samples were retrospectively retrieved from the Penn State Neuroscience Biorepository and profiled using shotgun proteomics and the MStern approach. Proteomic signatures were identified using machine learning classifiers and survival analyses. RESULTS With as little as 30 µL of CSF, 755 unique proteins were recovered across 73 samples (22 GBM, 17 BM, 14 CNSL, 20 NPH). Proteomic-based classifiers identified malignancy with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.94 and distinguished between tumor entities with AUROC ≥0.95. More clinically relevant triplex classifiers, comprised of just 3 proteins, distinguished between tumor entities with AUROC of 0.75-0.89. Novel biomarkers were identified, including GAP43, TFF3 and CACNA2D2, and characterized using single-cell RNA sequencing. DISCUSSION Reliable classification of intra-axial malignancies using low CSF volumes is feasible, allowing for longitudinal tumor surveillance. Based on emerging evidence, upfront implantation of CSF reservoirs in brain tumor patients warrants consideration.
Metal diolates: useful precursors for tailor-made oxides prepared at low temperatures (1998)

Diolates of titanium and heterometallic diolates of the combinations Mg/Si, Mg/Ti, Mg/Zr and Ti/Si were prepared by reacting alcoholates [e.g. Ti(OC2H5)4 , Mg(OCH3)2 ·CH3OH] with α,ω-diols like pentane-1,5-diol. The resulting diolates are probably of polymeric nature and do not form single crystals. Structural information was obtained by infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Mg and Si K-edges. Thermal decomposition of such diolates led to oxides with distinct morphology at comparatively low temperatures (540–800 °C). For the heterometallic diolates the thermal decomposition in most cases led to binary, sometimes metastable oxides. The morphology of the oxides strongly depended on the nature of the precursor.
Generation and in-situ measurement of the full electric field of near-single-cycle light pulses by CEP dispersion-scan (2018)

We demonstrate the generation and in-situ measurement of the electric field and CEP of intense near-single-cycle laser pulses using the new optical technique of CEP dispersion-scan.
Dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna with very high isolation and lower cross-polarization (2013)

A dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) of simple structure is presented with very high isolation and lower cross-polarization. Its measured isolation reaches 46.8 dB within the impedance bandwidth of larger than 12.5% by using the H/U-shaped slot coupling with multi-stub feed lines. The measured cross-polarization level is -21.4 dB and -18.1dB for two ports, respectively. This DRA can be expanded into a large array for the synthetic aperture radar and wireless application.
Safety Evaluations of Single Dose of the Olive Secoiridoid S-(−)-Oleocanthal in Swiss Albino Mice (2020)

Epidemiological and clinical studies compellingly showed the ability of Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) to reduce multiple diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and aging cognitive functions decline. The <i>S</i>-(-)-Oleocanthal (OC) is a minor phenolic secoiridoid exclusively found in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). OC recently gained notable research attention due to its excellent in vitro and in vivo biological effects against multiple cancers, inflammations, and Alzheimer's disease. However, OC safety has not been comprehensively studied yet. This study reports for the first time the detailed safety of oral single OC dose in Swiss albino mice, applying the OECD 420 procedure. Male and female Swiss albino mice (<i>n</i> = 10) were orally treated with a single OC dose of either 10, 250, or 500 mg/kg bodyweight or equivalent volumes of distilled water. Mice fed a regular diet, and carefully observed for 14 days. Further, mice were then sacrificed, blood samples, and organs were collected and subjected to hematological, biochemical, and histological examinations. OC 10 mg/kg oral dose appears to be without adverse effects. Further, 250 mg/kg OC, p.o., is suggested as a possible upper dose for preclinical studies in the future.
Genetic Diversity and Potential Paths of Transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in the Amazon: The Discovery of M. bovis Lineage Lb1 Circulating in South America (2021)

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) has yet to be eradicated in Brazil. Herds of cattle and buffalo are important sources of revenue to people living in the banks of the Amazon River basin. A better understanding of <i>Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis)</i> populational structure and transmission dynamics affecting these animals can significantly contribute in efforts to improve their sanitary status. Herein, we sequenced the whole genome of 22 <i>M. bovis</i> isolates (15 from buffalo and 7 from cattle) from 10 municipalities in the region of the Lower Amazon River Basin in Brazil and performed phylogenomic analysis and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)-based transmission inference to evaluate population structure and transmission networks. Additionally, we compared these genomes to others obtained in unrelated studies in the Marajó Island (<i>n</i> = 15) and worldwide (<i>n</i> = 128) to understand strain diversity in the Amazon and to infer <i>M. bovis</i> lineages. Our results show a higher genomic diversity of <i>M. bovi</i>s genomes obtained in the Lower Amazon River region when compared to the Marajó Island, while no significant difference was observed between <i>M. bovis</i> genomes obtained from cattle and buffalo (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.05). This high genetic diversity is reflected by the weak phylogenetic clustering of <i>M. bovis</i> from the Lower Amazon River region based on geographic proximity and in the detection of only two putative transmission clusters in the region. One of these clusters is the first description of inter-species transmission between cattle and buffalo in the Amazon, bringing implications to the bTB control program. Surprisingly, two <i>M. bovis</i> lineages were detected in our dataset, namely Lb1 and Lb3, constituting the first description of Lb1 in South America. Most of the strains of this study (13/22) and all 15 strains of the Marajó Island carried no clonal complex marker, suggesting that the recent lineage classification better describe the diversity of <i>M. bovis</i> in the Amazon.