gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TouchScreen-based phenotyping: altered stimulus/reward association and lower perseveration to gain a reward in mu opioid receptor knockout mice (2019)

While the contribution of Mu Opioid Receptors (MORs) to hedonic aspects of reward processing is well-established, the notion that these receptors may also regulate motivation to gain a reward, and possibly other related cognitive dimensions, has been less investigated. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a critical site for these processes. Our previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study found alterations of functional connectivity (FC) in reward/aversion networks in MOR knockout mice. Here we pursued voxelwise seed-based FC analyses using the same dataset with a focus on the PFC. We observed significant reduction of PFC FC in mutant mice, predominantly with the nucleus accumbens, supporting the notion of altered reward-driven top-down controls. We tested motivation for palatable food in a classical operant self-administration paradigm, and found delayed performance for mutant mice. We then evaluated motivational and cognitive abilities of MOR knockout mice in TouchScreen-based behavioral tests. Learning was delayed and stimulus/reward association was impaired, suggesting lower hedonic reward value and reduced motivation. Perseverative responses were decreased, while discriminatory behavior and attention were unchanged, indicative of increased inhibitory controls with otherwise intact cognitive performance. Together, our data suggest that MORs contribute to enhance reward-seeking and facilitate perseverative behaviors. The possibility that MOR blockade could reduce maladaptive compulsivity deserves further investigation in addiction and self-control disorder research.
Spectral printer modeling for transparency media: toward high dynamic range scene reproduction (2009)

We propose a system for display of large format images such that natural scenes can be approximated in a laboratory setting, both spectrally and in dynamic range. The system uses a large area (48"x36") high intensity light box constructed using multiple xenon arc lamps with diffusers to maximize surface uniformity. This source is used as a back light for multiple transparency layers mounted on a rigid plexiglass substrate, where images are printed on the transparency layers using a wide format inkjet printer. A detailed transparency printer model for this system is described, where the spectral transmittance can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy for any given combination of input digital ink values (CMYKRGB). This spectral printer model, in conjunction with knowledge of the spectral characteristics of the back light, can be used to approximate the spectral radiance of a target scene. On a per-pixel level, nonlinear constrained optimization is used to solve for the combination of printer inks that produces the best estimate to the spectrum of the target scene. With this system, it is then possible to create realistic static images with a large dynamic range that can be used to benchmark camera systems in a controlled laboratory setting.
Tools for Reduced Precision Computation (2020)

The use of reduced precision to improve performance metrics such as computation latency and power consumption is a common practice in the embedded systems field. This practice is emerging as a new trend in High Performance Computing (HPC), especially when new error-tolerant applications are considered. However, standard compiler frameworks do not support automated precision customization, and manual tuning and code transformation is the approach usually adopted in most domains. In recent years, research have been studying ways to improve the automation of this process. This article surveys this body of work, identifying the critical steps of this process, the most advanced tools available, and the open challenges in this research area. We conclude that, while several mature tools exist, there is still a gap to close, especially for tools based on static analysis rather than profiling, as well as for integration within mainstream, industry-strength compiler frameworks.
QMLE (2018)

Estimating the demands placed by services on physical resources is an essential step for the definition of performance models. For example, scalability analysis relies on these parameters to predict queueing delays under increasing loads. In this article, we investigate maximum likelihood (ML) estimators for demands at load-independent and load-dependent resources in systems with parallelism constraints. We define a likelihood function based on state measurements and derive necessary conditions for its maximization. We then obtain novel estimators that accurately and inexpensively obtain service demands using only aggregate state data. With our approach, and also thanks to approximation methods for computing marginal and joint distributions for the load-dependent case, confidence intervals can be rigorously derived, explicitly taking into account both topology and concurrency levels of the services. Our estimators and their confidence intervals are validated against simulations and real system measurements for two multi-tier applications, showing high accuracy also in models with load-dependent resources.
Apparatus for automated gel permeation cleanup for pesticide residue analysis. Applications to fish lipids (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApparatus for automated gel permeation cleanup for pesticide residue analysis. Applications to fish lipidsRoger C. Tindle and David L. StallingCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 11, 1768–1773Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60319a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60319a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PROGNOSTIC MODEL FOR HIGH TUMOR BURDEN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA INCLUDING BASELINE TOTAL METABOLIC TUMOR VOLUME AND END INDUCTION PET: a POOLED ANALYSIS FROM LYSA AND FIL TRIALS (2017)

Objective: Identification of patients who progress early after immunochemotherapy is challenging in follicular lymphoma. Among the more recent prognostic imaging markers, end of induction PET (Eoi PET) and total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) computed on baseline PET show promise, demonstrating better performance than the current prognostic indices for early risk stratification. This study aims to evaluate the added value of a model built on these two imaging biomarkers. Methods: Patients included in the FOLLCOLL study (pooling from three prospective trials: PRIMA, PETFOLL and FOLL05) were enrolled when they had both baseline PET, allowing the computation of TMTV, and Eoi PET. TMTV was calculated using the 41% SUVmax thresholding method. 510 cm3 was identified as the optimal cut-off to predict PFS and OS. Eoi PET was reported with a Deauville Score ≥ 4 to define positivity. KM curves were obtained, and multivariate analysis performed using a Cox proportional hazard model including TMTV and Eoi PET. Results: 159 patients were included: median age was 56 years (37% >60). 91% were Ann Arbor stage III/IV, 57% had an involved BMB, 37% a FLIPI score 3-5, and 31% a FLIPI2 score 3-5. 81% had 6 R-CHOP followed by 2 R, 15% R-CVP, and 4% R-FM; 10 patients had maintenance. Median TMTV was 260 cm3 (IQR: 127-554 cm3) and 27.7% patients had a high TMTV (>510cm3). 133 (83.6%) patients had negative Eoi PET. With a median follow up of 64 months, 71 patients progressed and 14 died leading to a 5-y PFS and OS of 54.2% and 91.9% respectively. Patients with a high TMTV had a significantly worse outcome with a 5-year PFS and OS of 31.3% and 83.8% versus 63.2% and 95% for patients with a lower TMTV (HR = 2.8 95%CI (1.7-4.5), p < 0.001 for PFS, and HR = 3.9 95%CI (1.3-11.9), p = 0.0188 for OS). Similarly patients with positive Eoi PET had a significantly worse outcome with a 5-year PFS and OS of 26.9% and 84% versus 59.6% and 93.3% for patients with negative Eoi PET (HR = 3.2 95%CI (1.9-5.5), p < 0.001 for PFS, and HR = 4.4 95%CI (1.5-12.6), p = 0.0068 for OS). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that high TMTV and positive Eoi PET were independent prognostic factors of PFS (HR = 2.3, 95%CI (1.4-3.9), p = 0.001 and HR = 2.3, 95%CI (1.3-4.1), p = 0.0035 respectively). For OS, only Eoi PET was prognostic: HR = 3.25 95%CI (1.1-9.8), p = 0.0357, compared with HR = 2.8 95%CI (0.9-9.0), p = 0.081 for TMTV. Combination of TMTV and Eoi PET stratified the population into three groups: patients with no risk factors (negative Eoi PET and low TMTV, n = 102) had a 5-year PFS of 67.5% versus 33% (HR = 2.9 95%CI (1.8-4.9), p < 0.001) for patients with one risk factor (n = 44) and 23.1% (HR = 4.6 95%CI (2.3-9.2), p > 0.001) for patients with both risk factors, (n = 13), (Figure 1). Keywords: follicular lymphoma (FL); positron emission tomography (PET).
Local photorefractive materials based on DX centers (1996)

Summary form only given. While optical data storage is one potential application of this effect, this requires very long persistence times and we continue to search for materials exhibiting persistent photoconductivity (PPC) with a larger capture barrier, which would allow for persistent features at or near room temperature. We have, however also demonstrated that some applications of this effect do not require long persistence times. In particular, we have demonstrated phase conjugation using low-power diode lasers. In this application, a short persistence time is required so that operation closer to room temperature is possible. These results are summarized.
Psychological adjustment and diabetic control. (1987)

Glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations, C peptide secretion, insulin dose, psychiatric state, intellectual functioning, and the extent to which the implementation of the diabetic regimen was shared between parent and child were studied in a cross sectional study of 50 children with diabetes aged 6-16. Indications of psychological disturbance in the children and their parents predicted low glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations in the children, and accounted for 44% of variance in blood glucose control. The child's early and independent participation in the implementation of the diabetic regimen was associated with poor control.
Detekce mutace JAK2 V617F u myeloproliferativních onemocnění - přehled a vlastní zkušenosti (2009)

K PH-negativnim chronickým myeloproliferativnim onemocněnim (CMPO) řadime pravou polycytemii (PV), esencialni trombocytemii (ET) a primarni idiopatickou myelofibrozu (IMF). Diagnostika CMPO je obtižna vzhledem k absenci jednoznacných diagnostických ukazatelů. Objev bodove mutace V617F v genu JAK2 (JAK2 V617F) u velke casti pacientů s CMPO znamenal velký pokrok v poznani vzniku onemocněni a uvedena somaticka mutace je využivana v soucasnosti jako významný diagnostický prostředek k vylouceni sekundarnich trombocytemii nebo erytrocytoz. V teto praci je podan přehled a srovnani některých metod molekularni biologie, ktere nalezly uplatněni při vysetřeni JAK2 genu. Jsou uvedeny rovněž vlastni zkusenosti se stanovenim mutace JAK2V617F metodou alelicke diskriminace a se stanovenim alelicke zatěže pomoci kvantitativni real-time polymerazove řetězove rekace. Stanoveni alelicke zatěže se může jevit jako přinosne jak pro sledovani uspěsnosti chemoterapeuticke lecby, tak i pro zkoumani možných korelaci s klinickými symptomy ci dalsimi hematologickými abnormalitami vyskytujicimi se u uvedene skupiny pacientů.
Low-loss compact multilayer silicon nitride platform for 3D photonic integrated circuits (2015)

We design, fabricate, and demonstrate a silicon nitride (Si(3)N(4)) multilayer platform optimized for low-loss and compact multilayer photonic integrated circuits. The designed platform, with 200 nm thick waveguide core and 700 nm interlayer gap, is compatible for active thermal tuning and applicable to realizing compact photonic devices such as arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). We achieve ultra-low loss vertical couplers with 0.01 dB coupling loss, multilayer crossing loss of 0.167 dB at 90° crossing angle, 50 μm bending radius, 100 × 2 μm(2) footprint, lateral misalignment tolerance up to 400 nm, and less than -52 dB interlayer crosstalk at 1550 nm wavelength. Based on the designed platform, we demonstrate a 27 × 32 × 2 multilayer star coupler.
Structure of Silicon Films Deposited on Oxidized Silicon Wafers (1970)

The effect of substrate temperature on the preferred orientation of poly‐crystalline silicon films deposited on thermally grown silicon dioxide has been investigated. The films were deposited by the pyrolytic decomposition of silane and were examined by x‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. For films grown to a thickness of 16µ, the preferred orientation first increased in the <110> direction as deposition temperature was increased to 1000°C; as deposition temperature was increased above 1000°C the preferred {110} orientation decreased. The measurement of preferred orientation as a function of film thickness indicated that the strong {110} preferred orientation at 1000°C was due to accelerated {110} growth and not preferred {110} nucleation orientation.
An experiment regarding crystallization of soluble proteins in the presence of beta-octyl glucoside. (1986)

Twenty-one soluble proteins, five tRNAs, and three protein-nucleic acid complexes were studied in a systematic manner with regard to their crystallization behavior from polyethylene glycol and ammonium sulfate solutions in the presence of 0 to 1.5% beta-octyl glucoside. Our observations suggest that this neutral detergent does influence in a very positive way the growth characteristics of the macromolecules included in this experiment. In general, more reproducible and rapid growth was noted with an increased number of large individual crystals at the expense of microcrystals. In several cases, new crystal forms were discovered. Selected x-ray diffraction analyses imply that crystals grown in the presence of beta-octyl glucoside diffract as well or better than those grown in its absence. In addition, a screen of two proteins grown in the presence of 14 different common detergents suggested that a general detergent effect may be beneficial for the growth of crystals of biological macromolecules.
Integrated Cryogenic Satellite Communications Cross-link Receiver Experiment (1996)

An experiment has been devised which will validate, in space, a miniature, high-performance receiver. The receiver blends three complementary technologies; high temperature superconductivity (HTS), pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC), and a miniature pulse tube cryogenic cooler. Specifically, an HTS band pass filter, InP MMIC low noise amplifier, HTS-sapphire resonator stabilized local oscillator (LO), and a miniature pulse tube cooler will be integrated into a complete 20 GHz receiver downconverter. This cooled downconverter will be interfaced with customized signal processing electronics and integrated onto the space shuttle's 'HitchHiker' carrier. A pseudorandom data sequence will be transmitted to the receiver, which is in low Earth orbit (LEO), via the Advanced Communication Technology Satellite (ACTS) on a 20 GHz carrier. The modulation format is QPSK and the data rate is 2.048 Mbps. The bit error rate (BER) will be measured in situ. The receiver is also equipped with a radiometer mode so that experiment success is not totally contingent upon the BER measurement. In this mode, the receiver uses the Earth and deep space as a hot and cold calibration source, respectively. The experiment closely simulates an actual cross-link scenario. Since the receiver performance depends on channel conditions, its true characteristics would be masked in a terrestrial measurement by atmospheric absorption and background radiation. Furthermore, the receiver's performance depends on its physical temperature, which is a sensitive function of platform environment, thermal design, and cryocooler performance. This empirical data is important for building confidence in the technology.
La naissance du neurone. Paris, Vrin, Collection Mathesis, 2010, ISBN-13 : 978-2711622610. (2010)

International audience
A Plasmonic Photocatalyst Consisting of Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Titanium Dioxide (2008)

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) displays photocatalytic behavior under near-ultraviolet (UV) illumination. In another scientific field, it is well understood that the excitation of localized plasmon polaritons on the surface of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) causes a tremendous increase of the near-field amplitude at well-defined wavelengths in the near UV. The exact resonance wavelength depends on the shape and the dielectric environment of the NPs. We expected that the photocatalytic behavior of TiO2 would be greatly boosted if it gets assisted by the enhanced near-field amplitudes of localized surface plasmon (LSP). Here we show that this is true indeed. We named this new phenomenon "plasmonic photocatalysis". The key to enable plasmonic photocatalysis is to deposit TiO2 on a NP comprising an Ag core covered with a silica (SiO2) shell to prevent oxidation of Ag by direct contact with TiO2. The most appropriate diameter for Ag NPs and thickness for the SiO2 shell giving rise to LSP in the near UV were estimated from Mie scattering theory. Upon implementing a device that took these design considerations into account, the measured photocatalytic activity under near UV illumination of such a plasmonic photocatalyst, monitored by decomposition of methylene blue, was enhanced by a factor of 7. The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity increases with a decreased thickness of the SiO2 shell. The plasmonic photocatalysis will be of use as a high performance photocatalyst in nearly all current applications but will be of particular importance for applications in locations of minimal light exposure.
Peptide Attachment to Vapor Deposited Polymeric Thin Films (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPeptide Attachment to Vapor Deposited Polymeric Thin FilmsShashi K. Murthy, Bradley D. Olsen, and Karen K. GleasonView Author Information Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: Langmuir 2004, 20, 11, 4774–4776Publication Date (Web):May 1, 2004Publication History Received7 November 2003Revised25 March 2004Published online1 May 2004Published inissue 1 May 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la036102vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la036102vbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical vapor deposition,Copolymers,Molecules,Polyacrylamide,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Addition of White Light to Monochromatic Red and Blue Lights Alters the Formation, Growth, and Dormancy of In Vitro-grown Solanum tuberosum L. Microtubers (2019)

Monochromatic light and wide-band white light both affect plant growth and development. However, the different effects between monochromatic light and addition white light to monochromatic light on the formation, growth, and dormancy of microtubers have not been fully explored. Therefore, we evaluated these effects using in vitro potatoes grown under pure blue and red lights and a combination of blue light and red light supplemented with white light, respectively. Current results suggested that light spectra influenced microtuber formation, growth, and dormancy by regulating potato plantlet morphogenesis, affecting the synthesis and transportation of photosynthetic metabolites, and altering the accumulation and distribution of biomass in various plant tissues. Monochromatic lights and the combined spectra had differing effects. For instance, monochromatic red light induced the growth of more microtubers, whereas addition white light to red light decreased number but increased weight of microtubers. Meanwhile, monochromatic blue light facilitated tuber growth, whereas addition white light to blue light decreased microtubers weight but increased microtuber number. In addition, composite lights of addition white light to monochromatic red and blue lights both extended the dormancy period, and monochromatic blue light shortened the dormancy period of microtubers &gt;300 mg. Therefore, in microtuber agricultural production, specific light conditions may be applied at different growth stages of in vitro potatoes to increase the number of effective microtubers (&gt;50 mg) and to satisfy storing requirement of seed microtubers.
Chapter 6: Archiving and Compressing Files (2015)

Most people who work with computers realize that the task of copying many files from one location to another is more efficient if the files can be bundled together and copied as a single unit. This is especially true when copying hundreds or thousands of files from one location to another. For example, in a Windows environment, if you have hundreds of files in a folder, it is fairly easy to click and drag the folder (containing the files) and copy it to a different location. This copy task would be time-consuming and error-prone if you individually copied each file within the folder.
A Computational Approach for Predicting Role of Human MicroRNAs in MERS-CoV Genome (2014)

The new epidemic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is caused by a type of human coronavirus called MERS-CoV which has global fatality rate of about 30%. We are investigating potential antiviral therapeutics against MERS-CoV by using host microRNAs (miRNAs) which may downregulate viral gene expression to quell viral replication. We computationally predicted potential 13 cellular miRNAs from 11 potential hairpin sequences of MERS-CoV genome. Our study provided an interesting hypothesis that those miRNAs, that is, hsa-miR-628-5p, hsa-miR-6804-3p, hsa-miR-4289, hsa-miR-208a-3p, hsa-miR-510-3p, hsa-miR-18a-3p, hsa-miR-329-3p, hsa-miR-548ax, hsa-miR-3934-5p, hsa-miR-4474-5p, hsa-miR-7974, hsa-miR-6865-5p, and hsa-miR-342-3p, would be antiviral therapeutics against MERS-CoV infection.