gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MnSOD and ALDH‐2 deficiency potentiate aging‐associated vascular dysfunction, mitochondrial oxidative stress and mtDNA strand breaks (2008)

Vascular aging is associated with progressive deterioration of vascular homeostasis and reduced relaxation. These effects can be explained by a reduction in free bioavailable NO that is inactivated by an age‐dependent increase in superoxide formation. In the present study mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the contribution of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH‐2) were investigated. Age‐dependent effects on vascular function were determined in aortae of these mice by isometric tension measurements. Mitochondrial ROS formation was measured by enhanced chemiluminescence in isolated heart mitochondria. ROS‐mediated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damages were detected by the fluorescent‐detection alkaline DNA unwinding (FADU)‐assay. Expression of antioxidant proteins were assayed by quantitative RT‐PCR. Endothelial dysfunction was observed in aged C57/Bl6 WT mice in parallel to increased mitochondrial ROS formation and mtDNA damage. In contrast, middle‐aged ALDH‐2−/− mice showed a marked vascular dysfunction that was similar in old ALDH‐2−/− mice. Aged MnSOD+/− mice showed the most pronounced phenotype such as severely impaired vasorelaxation, highest levels of mitochondrial ROS formation and mtDNA damage. Mitochondrial radical formation significantly contributes to age‐dependent endothelial‐dysfunction.
DNA sequencing and expression of the gene rnb encoding Escherichia coli ribonuclease II (1993)

The Escherichia coli ribonuclease II (RNase II) is an exonuclease involved in mRNA degradation that hydrolyses single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3' to 5' direction. Sequencing of a 2.2 kb MseI-RsaI fragment containing the rnb gene revealed an open reading frame of 1794 nucleotides that encodes a protein of 598 amino acid residues, whose calculated molecular mass is 67,583 Da. This value is in good agreement with that obtained by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of polypeptides synthesized by expression with the T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system. This system was also used to confirm the correct orientation of rnb. Translation initiation was confirmed by rnb-lacZ fusions. The mRNA start site was determined by S1 nuclease mapping. Two E. coli mutants harbouring different rnb alleles deficient in RNase II activity were complemented with the expressed fragment carrying the rnb gene.
Trabajo y sociología y en Francia ¿Hacia una sociología de las actividades profesionales? (2005)

La primera figura del trabajo que aparece en la Sociologia del Trabajo francesa, el trabajo productivo que se lleva a cabo en las sociedades industriales, es sorprendente pues no se refiere a un tipo particular de trabajo si no a una “categoria central” que engloba todos los componentes de la vida social. Como lo destaca Dubet3, el trabajo aparece como “una categoria en la que se cristalizan todas las dimensiones de la vida social, la economia, la cultura y la politica”. Durante los anos 50 para algunos sociologos el trabajo era, efectivamente, el motor de la dinamica social y hasta el principio explicativo de la evolucion social. Para Friedmann (1962), el trabajo es “un comun denominador y una condicion humana de la vida social” y para Naville (1962) es “motor irreemplazable de todas las formas de la vida social (...) Eso convierte a la sociologia del trabajo en una de las ra-
Improved Representation of High-Lift Devices for a Multidisciplinary Conceptual Aircraft Design Process (2009)

*† ‡ A methodology for improving the quality of high lift system performance prediction within a multidisciplinary preliminary design process is presented. The high lift system geometry is explicitly modeled and a multiple lifting line method is used to compute its aerodynamic characteristics. Computation times are suitable for use in a preliminary design process, and the results for several test cases show good agreement with wind tunnel and/or high fidelity numerical data. In addition, the method allows for further enhancement by using non-linear airfoil polars for interpolation, improving drag prediction and introducing some degree of non-linear aerodynamic behavior.
Online Video as a Social Activity (2010)

Online video is one of the Internet’s most popular services. In addition to entertainment, it can provide a social experience. This chapter describes several design decisions related to incorporating a live chat feature alongside online video, and how these decisions could influence the entertainment and social dimensions of the viewing experience. Two laboratory studies explore issues of distraction, entertainment and sociability when integrating live chat with online video. Surprisingly, these studies show that despite being distracting, chat with video can be enjoyable and sociable. Researchers and practitioners need to explore the generality of this finding both for different genres of content and interaction media and for small and large viewing audiences. The chapter concludes by looking at new models for online video and chat and the implications of those models on sociability.
Sequence Analysis and Initial Characterization of Two Isozymes of Hydroxylaminobenzene Mutase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 (2000)

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 grows on nitrobenzene by a partially reductive pathway in which the intermediate hydroxylaminobenzene is enzymatically rearranged to 2-aminophenol by hydroxylaminobenzene mutase (HAB mutase). The properties of the enzyme, the reaction mechanism, and the evolutionary origin of the gene(s) encoding the enzyme are unknown. In this study, two open reading frames (habA and habB), each encoding an HAB mutase enzyme, were cloned from a P. pseudoalcaligenes JS45 genomic library and sequenced. The open reading frames encoding HabA and HabB are separated by 2.5 kb and are divergently transcribed. The deduced amino acid sequences of HabA and HabB are 44% identical. The HAB mutase specific activities in crude extracts of Escherichia coli clones synthesizing either HabA or HabB were similar to the specific activities of extracts of strain JS45 grown on nitrobenzene. HAB mutase activity in E. coli extracts containing HabB withstood heating at 85 degrees C for 10 min, but extracts containing HabA were inactivated when they were heated at temperatures above 60 degrees C. HAB mutase activity in extracts of P. pseudoalcaligenes JS45 grown on nitrobenzene exhibited intermediate temperature stability. Although both the habA gene and the habB gene conferred HAB mutase activity when they were separately cloned and expressed in E. coli, reverse transcriptase PCR analysis indicated that only habA is transcribed in P. pseudoalcaligenes JS45. A mutant strain derived from strain JS45 in which the habA gene was disrupted was unable to grow on nitrobenzene, which provided physiological evidence that HabA is involved in the degradation of nitrobenzene. A strain in which habB was disrupted grew on nitrobenzene. Gene Rv3078 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv encodes a protein whose deduced amino acid sequence is 52% identical to the HabB amino acid sequence. E. coli containing M. tuberculosis gene Rv3078 cloned into pUC18 exhibited low levels of HAB mutase activity. Sequences that exhibit similarity to transposable element sequences are present between habA and habB, as well as downstream of habB, which suggests that horizontal gene transfer resulted in acquisition of one or both of the hab genes.
Mechanical Reinforcement of Soil by Willow Roots: Impacts of Root Properties and Root Failure Mechanism (2009)

Plant roots have considerable impact on the mechanical stability of soil, but to date the underlying mechanisms have been poorly quantified. In this study, controlled laboratory studies of soil reinforced with willow trees ( Salix viminalis cv Tora) found a strong correlation between the cross‐sectional area of soil covered by roots and shear reinforcement. We separated broken versus pulled‐out roots and measured individual root diameters crossing the shear‐plane. The shear strength of planted specimens compared with non‐planted specimens increased eight‐fold at 0.10‐m shear depth, more than four‐fold at 0.25‐m depth, and more than doubled at 0.40‐m depth. These data were used to evaluate several models of root‐reinforcement. Models based on catastrophic and simultaneous failure of all roots overpredicted reinforcement by 33% on average. Better agreement between experimental and model results was found for a stress‐based fiber‐bundle‐model, in which roots break progressively from weakest to strongest, with the load shared on the remaining roots at each step. Roots have a great capacity to reinforce soils, with existing models providing reasonable predictions of increased shear strength. However, deterministic understanding and modeling of the processes involved needs to consider root failure mechanisms. In particular, the role of root stiffness and root–soil adhesion is not considered in existing models of soil reinforcement by plant roots.
Reduction of Noise Spikes in Touch Screen Systems by Low Pass Spatial Filtering (2016)

This paper reports on a low-pass spatial filtering technique for reduction of noise spikes in capacitive touch screen panels. Filter bandwidth is adjusted by dynamically evaluating attenuation of signal and noise spikes. Based on the experimental results, we boost the signal-to-noise ratio by 15.6 dB and attenuate noise spikes by 19.25 dB. The processed signal yields higher detection accuracy and lower power consumption.
A 14-Gops programmable motion estimator for H.26X video coding (1996)

A 14 Giga operations per second (Gops) programmable motion estimator chip is developed to support multiple algorithms and video coding standards. The chip performs multisurvivor motion estimation in the subsampled scan and the cluster search mode. The chip uses a dual-addressing single-port memory and a pel-rotating processing element array to implement synchronous self-aligned block difference computation. The chip is implemented in 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS achieving 86.4 Million operations per second (Mops)/KXtr and 21 mW/Gop. The chip delivers full search quality for H.26X coding at CIF 30 f/s, near full search quality at NTSC level, and a wide range of other video quality and resolution tradeoffs.
Experimental research on fluorine retention of alkaline-earth metal compounds during coal combustion (2006)

In the paper,the test results about fluorine retention in the alkaline-earth metal compounds combustion were studied to develop high-efficient fluoride retention additive.The results indicate that carbonate and hydroxide of Group IIA alkaline-earth metal can have different retention actions on fluorine emission in the coal,the fluorine retention effect of its compounds becomes better with the increasing atomic number of Group IIA elements accordingly,Calcium-based carbonate and hydroxide are the most suitable sorbents.Combustion temperature and retention period have bigger effect on fluorine retention,thus we should choose calcium-based sorbets and develop high temperature-resistant ones on the basis of different combustion modes in fluoride retention practice.
pH-Responsive Gas–Water–Solid Interface for Multiphase Catalysis (2015)

Despite their wide utility in laboratory synthesis and industrial fabrication, gas-water-solid multiphase catalysis reactions often suffer from low reaction efficiency because of the low solubility of gases in water. Using a surface-modification protocol, interface-active silica nanoparticles were synthesized. Such nanoparticles can assemble at the gas-water interface, stabilizing micrometer-sized gas bubbles in water, and disassemble by tuning of the aqueous phase pH. The ability to stabilize gas microbubbles can be finely tuned through variation of the surface-modification protocol. As proof of this concept, Pd and Au were deposited on these silica nanoparticles, leading to interface-active catalysts for aqueous hydrogenation and oxidation, respectively. With such catalysts, conventional gas-water-solid multiphase reactions can be transformed to H2 or O2 microbubble reaction systems. The resultant microbubble reaction systems exhibit significant catalysis efficiency enhancement effects compared with conventional multiphase reactions. The significant improvement is attributed to the pronounced increase in reaction interface area that allows for the direct contact of gas, water, and solid phases. At the end of reaction, the microbubbles can be removed from the reaction systems through changing the pH, allowing product separation and catalyst recycling. Interestingly, the alcohol oxidation activation energy for the microbubble systems is much lower than that for the conventional multiphase reaction, also indicating that the developed microbubble system may be a valuable platform to design innovative multiphase catalysis reactions.
Global stability of Vegas-like TCP flow (2004)

A TCP Vegas flow adapts its sending rate to maintain a constant backlog in its path. The stability of nonlinear adaptation has been analyzed based on linearization and only accounted for a small signal. We extend the error model of TCP-like flow to a state-dependent coefficient form with nonlinear state feedback. The nonlinear feedback is here approximated by a saturation function. Using a quadratic Lyapunov function approach, we find a domain of attraction to show that the unique equilibrium point of the system is asymptotically stable in the domain.
Leukocytes and the Risk of Ischemic Diseases (1987)

Predictive indexes for atherosclerotic risk are imperfect, suggesting that there are predictive factors not commonly considered. Such a factor may be the white blood cell (WBC) count. Epidemiologic studies have shown correlations between the WBC count and the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. The risk of acute myocardial infarction is approximately four times as great in persons with WBC counts high in the normal range (greater than 9000/microL [9 X 10(9)/L]) as in persons with WBC counts low in the normal range (less than 6000/microL [6 X 10(9)/L]); only 50% to 65% of the excess risk of the high-count individuals is explainable by tobacco smoking (which covaries with WBC count). A high WBC count also predicts greater risk of reinfarction and of in-hospital death. Less rigorously studied, the constitutional neutropenia of Yemenite Jews appears to afford protection against atherosclerotic disease. Among WBC types, the strongest epidemiologic association has been with the neutrophil count. Such a predictive value of WBC count is plausible and satisfying, because WBCs make a major contribution to the rheologic properties of blood; alter adhesive properties under stress--including the stress of ischemia, enhancing their rheologic importance; and participate in endothelial injury, both acutely and chronically, by adhering to endothelium and damaging it with toxic oxygen compounds and proteolytic enzymes. Techniques newly developed or under development may allow us to refine the predictive value of the WBC count by combining it with measures of cell activation and/or activatability.
One-step, no-carrier-added, synthesis of a18F-labelled benzodiazepine receptor ligand (2000)

5-(2-Phenoxy)phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl-4-fluorobenzoate, a non-classical benzodiazepine receptor ligand, has shown anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion. In order to perform biological studies, we decided to label the compound with positron-emitting fluorine-18 (t1/2=109.7 min). The latter compound was prepared in no-carrier-added form from [18F]fluoride and 5-(2-phenoxy)phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl-4-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium triflate in one step. The best results were obtained using Kryptofix2.2.2/[18F]fluoride with dimethylsulfoxide as the solvent at 90°C. Column chromatography afforded the desired compound in 15 min in an overall radiochemical yield of 70–75% corrected to the end of radionuclide production with a specific radioactivity of about 3000 Ci/mmol and a radiochemical purity of more than 95% and high chemical purity. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fungicolous Pyrenomycetes 1. Helminthosphaeria and the New Family Helminthosphaeriaceae (1997)

Helminthosphaeria, a genus of pyrenomycetes, is monographed. Its members occur on basidiomata of species of the Aphyllophorales. The following species are included: H. clavariarum, the type, H. odontiae, H. corticiorum, and the new species H. hyphodermiae. A new family, Helminthosphaeriaceae, is proposed for the genus. Litschaueria is found to be a synonym of Helminthosphaeria.
Homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for cannabinoids in urine. (1978)

We describe a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for measurement of cannabinoid metabolites, as well as delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (I) in urine. Malate dehydrogenase from pig heart mitochondria was labeled with a derivative of I. The compound used to calibrate the assay was the I metabolite, 11-nor-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (II). With 15 microgram of II per liter of urine as the cutoff concentration, the assay can detect 25 microgram of II per liter with greater than 95% confidence. A positive response was obtained for urine specimens assayed within 30 min after exposure to cannabinoids. However, the persistence of metabolites of I in urine indicates that assay of this fluid is useful as an indicator of cannabinoid use but not as an indicator of intoxication.
How to use low-molecular weight heparin for outpatient management of deep vein thrombosis (1999)

Low-molecular weight heparins can be used to treat acute deep vein thrombosis on an outpatient basis, but such use requires careful planning and patient education. We present an algorithm used at the Cleveland Clinic.
Mr 25,000 heparin-binding protein from guinea pig brain is a high molecular weight form of basic fibroblast growth factor. (1987)

A Mr 25,000 form of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been isolated from guinea pig brain along with the typical Mr 18,000 form. Both forms were purified to homogeneity by a combination of heparin-affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography on an FPLC Mono S column. The Mr 25,000 form, like the Mr 18,000 form, was not eluted from the heparin-affinity column with 0.95 M NaCl, but was eluted with 2 M NaCl. The Mr 25,000 guinea pig protein stimulated plasminogen activator production by cultured bovine capillary endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.1-10 ng/ml, the same range that was effective for guinea pig and human Mr 18,000 bFGFs. The binding of human 125I-labeled bFGF to baby hamster kidney cells is inhibited equally by the Mr 25,000 guinea pig protein and the Mr 18,000 guinea pig and human bFGFs. Polyclonal antibodies raised against human bFGF recognize both the Mr 25,000 and 18,000 guinea pig proteins in an immunoblot analysis. In a radioimmunoassay, both the Mr 25,000 and Mr 18,000 guinea pig proteins compete equally well with iodinated human bFGF for binding to the anti-human bFGF antibodies. When treated with low concentrations of trypsin, the Mr 25,000 guinea pig bFGF was converted to a Mr 18,000 protein. These results show that the two molecules are closely related and suggest that the Mr 25,000 protein shares substantial homology with the Mr 18,000 bFGF.
A Use of Limit Cycle Oscillations to Obtain Robust Analog-to-Digital Converters (1974)

High quality analog-to-digital conversions are obtained using simple and inexpensive circuits that require no high-precision components. Samples of the analog signal are cycled rapidly through a coarse quantizer while the roundoff error is fed back and subtracted from the input. By means of this feedback, the coarse quantizations are caused to oscillate between levels, keeping their running average representative of the input. A binary coding of the quantized values, summed over Nyquist intervals, provides a high resolution PCM output. The precision is determined by a product of the cycle rate and the spacing of the coarse quantization levels. The system is surprisingly tolerant of inaccuracies in gains and threshold settings; indeed, it has many of the desirable properties of classical feedback servomechanisms. An 8-bit limit cycling converter intended for 1-MHz signal bandwidths has been fabricated of standard components that, in total, cost less than $150.
"Densified" tiles form stronger bonds (1981)

Application of colloidal silica more than doubles bond strength of ceramic tile/substrate attachments. Densification process strengthens surface where tile attaches to felt strain-isolator pad, redistributing stresses and preventing failures at that point. First, isopropyl alcohol is applied to bottom tile surface. Second, aqueous mixture of cementing colloidal silica and reinforcing ball-milled silica particles is painted on tile. Finally, after drying, tile is rewaterproofed by exposure to vapors or methyltrimethoxysilane and acetic acid.
Insulin analogs with B24 or B25 phenylalanine replaced by biphenylalanine (2008)

B24 和 B25 本氨基丙酸(Phe ) 在胰岛素结构和功能起重要作用。有联本基丙氨酸(Bip ) 代替的 B24 Phe 或 B25 Phe 的胰岛素类似物被酶的半合成准备。生物活动被受体绑定试金并且在 vivo 鼠标骚动试金决定。结果证明那 B25 Bip 胰岛素举办 139% 受体绑定活动，建议而， B24 Bip 胰岛素与本国的胰岛素相比是不活跃的，那 B24 Phe 为胰岛素活动是关键的并且 50% 在 vivo 生物活动。在答案的结构被圆形的二色性和 fluoremetry 学习，并且我们的结果建议有低活动的胰岛素类似物趋于是紧包装的更多。协会性质被尺寸排除层析学习。在 deshexapeptide 胰岛素的 B24 Phe 或在 despentapeptide 胰岛素的 B25 Phe 的 Bip 酰胺代替将引起 monomeric B24 Phe 酰胺 deshexapeptide 胰岛素或 B25 Phe 酰胺 despentapeptide 胰岛素联系并且形成暗淡 ers，而在胰岛素的 B24 Phe 的变化将使胰岛素成为暗淡 ers 分裂进胰岛素单体。
Ion plating with an induction heating source (1976)

Induction heating is introduced as an evaporation heat source in ion plating. A bare induction coil without shielding can be directly used in the glow discharge region with no arcing. The only requirement is to utilize an rf inductive generator with low operating frequency of 75 kHz. Mechanical simplicity of the ion plating apparatus and ease of operation is a great asset for industrial applications; practically any metal such as nickel, iron, and the high temperature refractories can be evaporated and ion plated.
Parametric diodes for ultra-high-speed computers (1960)

A variable capacitance germanium junction diode has been developed for parametric subharmonic oscillators in ultra-high speed computers. A figure of merit, including the capacitance-voltage sensitivity, is proposed which relates the diode parameters to the performance expected in this circuit and which is helpful in the choice of diode impurity distribution.
Low plasma tryptophan is associated with olfactory function in healthy elderly community dwellers in Japan (2017)

Lower plasma Trp levels were associated with a decrease in olfactory function in functionally competent older individuals. Because olfactory dysfunction predicts age-related diseases, low plasma Trp levels may represent a clinical sign of disease risk in elderly people.
Chemical Oscillations and Instabilities: Non-Linear Chemical Kinetics (1990)

1. Introduction Part 1: The Techniques 2. Oscillations in a closed isothermal system 3. Oscillations in a closed isothermal system: mathematical analysis 4. Thermokinetic oscillations in a closed system 5. Hopf bifurcations, the growth of small oscillations, relaxation oscillations, and excitability 6. Autocatalysis in well-stirred open systems: the isothermal CSTR 7. Reaction in a non-isothermal CSTR: Stationary states and singularity theory 8. Oscillatory behaviour in the isothermal CSTR: autocatalytic systems 9. Autocatalytic reactions in plug-flow and diffusion reactors 10. Chemical diffusion pattern formation (Turing structures) 11. Travelling waves 12. Heterogeneous reactions 13. Complex oscillations and chemical chaos Part 2: Experiments 14. Experimental systems 1: solution-phase reactions 15. Experimental systems 2: gas-phase reactions References Index