gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallelizing programs by sequential scanning (2000)

This paper attempts to uniformly parallelize cyclic and acyclic code, and schedule nested loops directly. A program is parallelized by one-pass scanning from its first to its last operation. This contrasts sharply with the popular approach of hierarchical simplification and outward pipelining. The approach is simple, and applicable to programs with arbitrary control flows.
Regioselective synthesis of 4-alkylidenebutenolides. (1989)

A new method for the preparation of (Z)-4-alkylidenebutenolides is described. Coupling reaction of acetylenic stannanes with enol triflates of β-keto esters gave the corres ponding (Z)-2-alken-4-ynoates which were hydrolyzed and then subjected to cyclization in the presence of HgO to give moderate yields of (Z)-4-alkylidenebutenolides.
Some rate-p/(p+1)quasi-cyclic codes (Corresp.) (1974)

Some optimal rate- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{1}{2}</tex> quasi-cyclic codes found by Chert et aL [3] are grouped into a small set of equivalence classes with the assistance of a computer. The weight distribution of a selection of these rate- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{1}{2}</tex> codes is tabulated. In addition, a list of new optimal rate- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{2}{3}</tex> quasi-cyclic codes of lengths up to 54 is presented.
A 5 GS/s 150 mW 10 b SHA-Less Pipelined/SAR Hybrid ADC for Direct-Sampling Systems in 28 nm CMOS (2015)

This paper presents a 28 nm CMOS 10 b SHA-less pipelined/SAR hybrid ADC, designed to enable a direct-sampling receiver system. To achieve low power at 5 GS/s, the ADC combines pipelined and SAR quantizers, powered at 1.8 V and 1 V, respectively. A 2.5 b 2-way time-interleaved 2.5 GS/s multiplying digital-to-analog converter (MDAC) is followed by an 8 b 8-way time-interleaved 625 MHz successive-approximation register (SAR). This architecture combines the benefits of both ADC topologies and allows significant power and complexity reduction. The high-speed 2.5 b MDAC front-end simplifies the complexity of time-interleaving (TI) and provides gain for attenuating the 8 b SAR non-idealities, when referred to the ADC input, relaxing its specifications and design. To further reduce power, the 2.5 b MDAC front-end is SHA-less, and an over-range calibration loop that allows operation at multi-GHz input is introduced. A calibration technique is also proposed to align the MDAC and SAR references, whose misalignment would otherwise produce integral non-linearity (INL) degradation. The ADC achieves <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}$</tex> </formula> 61.8 dB THD, 57.1 dB SNR for a 500 MHz input, while for a 2.35 GHz input it achieves <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}$</tex></formula> 54.7 dB THD, 46.8 dB SNR (55.8 dB SNR excluding the integrated PLL contribution). The time-interleaving spur is <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${&lt;}{-}$</tex></formula> 70 dBc. The ADC consumes 150 mW and occupies less than 0.5 mm <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex></formula> .
Expression analysis of endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanase genes during aril breakdown of harvested longan fruit (2009)

Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression profiles of three endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanase (EGase, EC 3.2.1.4) genes during aril breakdown of longan fruit stored at room temperature (25 °C), low temperature (10 °C) or on transferring fruit stored at 10 °C for 20 days to 25 °C. RESULTS: Three longan full‐length cDNAs, designated Dl‐EGase1, Dl‐EGase2 and Dl‐EGase3 , were isolated and characterized. EGase activity in aril tissues of longan fruit increased with the appearance of aril breakdown symptoms, while RNA gel blot analysis revealed that the accumulations of three Dl‐EGase genes exhibited differential characteristics with the occurrence of aril breakdown. Dl‐EGase2 may be involved in the aril breakdown in longan fruit at the later stage of storage at room temperature. Conversely, expression of Dl‐EGase3 could be mainly involved in aril breakdown of fruit stored at 10 °C. In addition, Dl‐EGase3 and Dl‐Egase2 were related to the aril breakdown of fruit transferred from low temperature to room temperature. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study indicate that Dl‐EGase genes are involved in the aril breakdown of longan fruit and that considerable variation exists between expression patterns of individual members of the EGase gene family. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
The fertilization-induced zinc spark is a novel biomarker of mouse embryo quality and early development (2016)

Upon activation, mammalian eggs release billions of zinc ions in an exocytotic event termed the "zinc spark." The zinc spark is dependent on and occurs coordinately with intracellular calcium transients, which are tightly associated with embryonic development. Thus, we hypothesized that the zinc spark represents an early extracellular physicochemical marker of the developmental potential of the zygote. To test this hypothesis, we monitored zinc exocytosis in individual mouse eggs following parthenogenetic activation or in vitro fertilization (IVF) and tracked their development. Retrospective analysis of zinc spark profiles revealed that parthenotes and zygotes that developed into blastocysts released more zinc than those that failed to develop. Prospective selection of embryos based on their zinc spark profile significantly improved developmental outcomes and more than doubled the percentage of embryos that reached the blastocyst stage. Moreover, the zinc spark profile was also associated with embryo quality as the total cell number in the resulting morulae and blastocysts positively correlated with the zinc spark amplitude (R = 0.9209). Zinc sparks can thus serve as an early biomarker of zygote quality in mouse model.
Trichlorosilane (2006)

[10025-78-2] Cl3HSi (MW 135.45) InChI = 1S/Cl3HSi/c1-4(2)3/h4H InChIKey = ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reducing agent; hydrosilating agent; precursor of trichlorosilane radical) Physical Data: mp −126.5 °C; bp 31–32 °C; d 1.342 g cm−3. Solubility: sol benzene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride; dec by water. Form Supplied in: high quality colorless liquid. Purification: can be purified by treatment with quinoline to remove hydrogen chloride followed by distillation, first at atmospheric pressure and then under vacuum. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: this reagent is highly flammable and corrosive; should be stored in the absence of moisture and handled in a fume hood.
Comparison of HIV Screening Strategies in the Emergency Department (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01781949.
OXYGEN TOXICITY INTRODUCTION TO A PROTECTIVE ENZYME (1975)

F.G. Hall Laboratory for Environmental Research and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
Substituted oxindoles. III. Synthesis and pharmacology of some substituted oxindoles (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted oxindoles. III. Synthesis and pharmacology of some substituted oxindolesJohn Walker, Roy W. Daisley, and Arnold H. BeckettCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 5, 983–985Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00299a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00299a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE TOXICITY OF N‐SUBSTITUTED BISCARBAMOYL SULFIDES (1974)

Abstract Die Carbamate (I) reagieren mit Dischwefeldichlorid (II) in Gegenwart von Pyridin zu den N‐substituierten Biscarbamoylsulfiden (III), die gegenüber weißen Mäusen relativ toxisch sind, jedoch eine starke insekticide Wirkung zeigen, insbesondere gegen Moskitolarven.
Nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and gastric cancer risk after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A territory‐wide study (2021)

NA-NSAID use was not associated with a reduced risk of GC among patients who underwent HP eradication. The chemopreventive effect of NA-NSAIDs observed in prior studies may have been confounded by immortal time bias.
Towards the ecology of hyperthermophiles: biotopes, new isolation strategies and novel metabolic properties (2000)

Ecological studies have shown that water-containing terrestrial, subterranean and submarine high-temperature environments harbor a great diversity of hyperthermophilic prokaryotes, growing fastest at temperatures of 80 degrees C or above. The investigations included cultivation, isolation and detailed analysis of these hyperthermophiles as well as in situ 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and in situ hybridization studies. For a safe and fast isolation of novel hyperthermophiles from mixed cultures, a new, plating-independent isolation technique was developed, based on the use of a laser microscope ('optical tweezers'). This method, combined with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and whole-cell hybridization using fluorescently labelled oligonucleotide probes, even allows the recovery of pure cultures of phylogenetically predicted organisms harboring novel 16S rRNA gene sequences. In their natural habitats, hyperthermophiles form complex food webs, consisting of primary producers and consumers of organic material. Their metabolic potential includes various types of aerobic and anaerobic respiration and different modes of fermentation. In hydrothermal and geothermal environments, hyperthermophiles have important ecological functions in biogeochemical processes. Members of the Sulfolobales are able to mobilize heavy metals from sulfidic ores like pyrite or chalcopyrite. Biomineralization processes of hyperthermophiles include the formation of magnetite from iron or the precipitation of arsenate as realgar, a reaction performed by a novel hyperthermophile that was isolated from Pisciarelli Solfatara, Naples, Italy.
Laser-Induced Structural Changes in Microemulsions (1992)

A strong hysteretic behaviour has been observed for the self-focusing of a c.w. laser beam focused in a four-component micellar phase near a sponge phase in the phase diagram. All data demonstrate that the laser wave induces a structural change from the micellar phase towards a phase of droplets the nature of which is discussed. The recorded limit cycles and "creep" of cycles allow an analogy with the magnetization of a ferromagnetic material to be developed.
On the Morphology of Phytohemagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris Seeds (1970)

A purified sample of phytohemagglutinin molecules from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds was shown to be homogenous by analytical ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis and by electron microscopy. A test for the agglutination capacity of phytohemagglutinin a ” in the contrast agent used for electron microscopy indicated that the contrast agent did not interact with the phytohemagglutinin a ” molecule to destroy its biological activity. The phytohemagglutinin a ” molecules were distributed uniformly in the electron microscopic specimen, where they appeared as small light dots against the background. The general shape of the projection of the molecule was almost rectangular with the minimum mean dimensions: 77 Å X 43 Å. Often it was also observed that phytohemagglutinin a ” seemed to be irregularly constructed, and that it might consist of two chain units, joined lengthwise. An approximation of the molecular weight of phytohemagglutinin a ” from its size and partial specific volume gave a value just below 100000; this value is close to the molecular weight of the monomer of phytohemagglutinin a ” of 80000 daltons which was obtained from the chemical composition.
Surface Patterning of Hydrogel Biomaterials to Probe and Direct Cell–Matrix Interactions (2020)

Abstract Due to their mechanical and structural similarity to native tissues, hydrogel biomaterials have gained tremendous popularity for applications in 3D tissue culture, therapeutic screening, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. Recent advances in pre‐ and post‐synthetic processing have afforded anisotropic manipulation of the biochemical, mechanical, and topographical properties of biocompatible gels, increasingly in a dynamic and heterogeneous fashion that mimics natural processes in vivo. Herein, the current state of hydrogel surface patterning to investigate cellular interactions with the surrounding matrix is reviewed, both in techniques utilized and biological findings explored, and the perspective on proposed future directions for the field is offered.
Light triggered addition/annulation of 2-isocyanobiphenyls toward 6-trifluoromethyl-phenanthridines under photocatalyst-free conditions (2015)

A photocatalyst-free, light promoted sequential radical addition/annulation of 2-isocyanobiphenyls to 6-trifluoromethyl phenanthridines with high efficiency is presented.
A novel textile composites design and analysis tool (2000)

With the ever increasing use of textile reinforced composite materials in structural applications an analysis tool is needed that would provide: Ease of use, computational efficiency, accurate results, variety of output formats and links to industry standard design tools. Such an integrated composites design and analysis tool is currently under development at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. The core of the program consists of a geometry preprocessor, mechanical analysis modules and an output postprocessor. The geometric preprocessor can currently generate the geometry for 2D and 3D woven fabric reinforced composites. It should be pointed out that this preprocessor is not just another CAD-like geometrical tool but a truly predictive model based on the mechanics of flexible yarns. Two mechanical analysis modules are available. The first one is a cell model which predicts the stress state within the unit cell of a material using energy principles, and is particularly suited for 2D and 3D weaves and braids. The other module is based on Eshelby's transformation principles in conjunction with a short fibre analogy, and is mainly aimed at microstructures with a high degree of disorder, including knits, short fibre composites and particles. The integrated approach allows the combination of both modules on different homogenisation levels. The output postprocessor links output from the different mechanical modules to a variety of design and analysis tools. The mechanical models can predict with very good accuracy elastic properties (both in- and out-of-plane ones) as well as the onset of failure. Mechanical loading and some thermal effects can be considered during computations. The effect of moisture on stiffness and stress as well as stochastic effects will also be added in the near future. The proposed tool represents a major step forward, towards the development of real composites design and analysis programs. It is hoped that it will prove to be a catalyst in the development of such tools.
Monoallelic Expression ofKrt12Gene during Corneal-type Epithelium Differentiation of Limbal Stem Cells (2010)

These observations are consistent with the notion that clonal limbal stem cells randomly activate Krt12 alleles in the process of terminal differentiation. The authors suggest that this selection is advantageous for retaining epithelial cells expressing the Krt12+ allele and that it allows tolerance to structural mutations of Krt12.
Supplementary Data from <i>PTPN11</i> Plays Oncogenic Roles and Is a Therapeutic Target for <i>BRAF</i> Wild-Type Melanomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary information and data, Supplementary figures 1-14&lt;/p&gt;
The timing of biological clocks (1988)

The timing of biological clocks / , The timing of biological clocks / , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Thermoreversible Gels (1991)

Consistent with the theme of this book, the present chapter should address water-soluble, thermoreversible gels. However, due to the great importance of the non-aqueous gels and availability of significant theoretical treatments on these systems, discussion of non-aqueous thermoreversible gels is included as part of the chapter. Definition, Major Types and Theoretical Aspects Different types of linear, long-chain polymers which can form gel or network structures have been recognized over 25 years (Flory, 1974; Mandelkern, 1964; Russo, 1987). For copolymers which undergo gelation by crystallization from dilute solutions, the formation of three-dimensional network was suggested, where primary molecules of finite molecular weight are reversibly bound by crystallites and hence non-covalently crosslinked (Flory, 1974; Mandelkern 1979; Takahashi, Sakai and Kato, 1980). When gelation occurs as a result of crystallization from dilute or moderately dilute solutions, a very fluid solution is converted to a rigid medium of infinite viscosity and the polymer system
Isothermal annealing study of the EH1 and EH3 levels in n-type 4H-SiC (2020)

Particle irradiation is known to give rise to several majority carrier traps in the band gap of n-type 4H-SiC, in the 0.4-1.6 eV energy range below the conduction band edge (<i>E</i><sub>C</sub>). Among these traps, the EH1 (<i>E</i><sub>C</sub>-0.4 eV) and the EH3 (<i>E</i><sub>C</sub>-0.7 eV) are the least thermally stable ones and not much is known on their microscopic origin. In order to understand the nature of EH1 and EH3, their annealing kinetics was studied by means of deep level transient spectroscopy and the results were interpreted by invoking the diffusion-limited theory. It is found that EH1 and EH3 are two different charge states of the same defect, labeled EH-center, that anneals out with an activation energy of ∼1.1 eV and whose nature is related to a carbon interstitial. Our study shows that the EH-center is not the same as the S-center defect which was reported by previous studies found in the literature.
Plasma Concentrations of Carotenoids, Retinol, and Tocopherols in Preeclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women (2001)

This case-control study was conducted in Lima, Peru, from June 1997 through January 1998 to assess whether plasma concentrations of carotenoids (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin), retinol, and tocopherols (alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol) are decreased in women with preeclampsia. A total of 125 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 179 normotensive pregnant women were included. Plasma concentrations of antioxidants were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. After adjusting for maternal demographic, behavioral, and reproductive characteristics and total plasma lipid concentrations, the authors found a linear increase in risk of preeclampsia with increasing concentrations of alpha-tocopherol (odds ratio of the highest quartile = 3.13; 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 9.23, with the lowest quartile as the reference group; p value of the test of linear trend = 0.040). The risk of preeclampsia decreased across increasing quartiles of concentrations for retinol (odds ratio of the highest quartile = 0.32; 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.69, with the lowest quartile as the reference group; p value of the test of linear trend = 0.001). Some of these results are inconsistent with the prevailing hypothesis that preeclampsia is an antioxidant-deficient state. Preliminary findings confirm an earlier observation of increased plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol among women with preeclampsia as compared with normotensive pregnant women.
Cover Feature: Water Formation in Non‐Hydrolytic Sol–Gel Routes: Selective Synthesis of Tetragonal and Monoclinic Mesoporous Zirconia as a Case Study (Chem. Eur. J. 8/2021) (2020)

Water in non-hydrolytic sol-gel: In situ water formation during the synthesis of mesoporous zirconia has been systematically investigated. Significant amounts of water were found in several cases, notably in the reactions of Zr(OnPr)4 with ketones and of ZrCl4 with alcohols or acetone. Conversely, the reactions of Zr(OnPr)4 with acetic anhydride or benzyl alcohol at moderate temperature (200 °C) and of ZrCl4 with diisopropyl ether were strictly non-hydrolytic. Water played a major role on the structure of the final zirconia: tetragonal ZrO2 was favored in strictly non-hydrolytic routes, while monoclinic ZrO2 was favored in the presence of water. More information can be found in the Full Paper by P. H. Mutin et al. on page 2670.
Ischemic Thresholds of Cerebral Protein Synthesis and Energy State following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rat (1991)

The ischemic threshold of protein synthesis and energy state was determined 1, 6, and 12 h after middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Local blood flow and amino acid incorporation were measured by double tracer autoradiography, and local ATP content by substrate-induced bioluminescence. The various images were evaluated at the striatal level in cerebral cortex by scanning with a microdensitometer with 75 microns resolution. Each 75 x 75 microns digitized image pixel was then converted into the appropriate units of either protein synthesis, ATP content, or blood flow. The ischemic threshold was defined as the flow rate at which 50% of pixels exhibited complete metabolic suppression. One hour after MCA occlusion, the threshold of protein synthesis was 55.3 +/- 12.0 ml 100 g-1 min-1 and that of energy failure was 18.5 +/- 9.8 ml 100 g-1 min-1. After 6 and 12 h of MCA occlusion, the threshold of protein synthesis did not change (52.0 +/- 9.6 and 56.0 +/- 6.5 ml 100 g-1 min-1, respectively) but the threshold of energy failure increased significantly at 12 h following MCA occlusion to 31.9 +/- 9.7 ml 100 g-1 min-1 (p less than 0.05 compared to 1 h ATP threshold value; all values are mean +/- SD). In focal cerebral ischemia, therefore, the threshold of energy failure gradually approached that of protein synthesis. Our results suggest that with increasing duration of ischemia, survival of brain tissue is determined by the high threshold of persisting inhibition of protein synthesis and not by the much lower one of acute energy failure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)