gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Ca2+ in induction of neurotransmitter-related gene expression by butyrate (2004)

We examined the effect of butyrate on neurotransmitter-related gene expression and calcium homeostasis in PC12 cells. Pretreatment with Ca2+ chelators (EGTA or BAPTA-AM) attenuated the butyrate-triggered accumulation of TH and ppEnk mRNA indicating that Ca2+ plays a role in butyrate-induced regulation of neuronal genes. Butyrate alone did not alter intracellular Ca2+ levels as determined by Fura-PE3 fluorescence; however, pretreatment with butyrate (18-24 h) reduced the first Ca2+ peak and prevented the second sustained rise in [Ca2+]i as induced by nicotine or ryanodine. In contrast, butyrate had no effect on Ca2+ transients when added shortly before or during nicotine or ryanodine stimulation. These results suggest that chronic butyrate exposure can modulate cell responses by affecting intracellular Ca2+ signaling.
Characterization of Maternal Circulating MicroRNAs in Obese Pregnancies and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (2023)

Maternal obesity (MO) is expanding worldwide, contributing to the onset of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). MO and GDM are associated with adverse maternal and foetal outcomes, with short- and long-term complications. Growing evidence suggests that MO and GDM are characterized by epigenetic alterations contributing to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In this pilot study, plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) of obese pregnant women with/without GDM were profiled at delivery. Nineteen women with spontaneous singleton pregnancies delivering by elective Caesarean section were enrolled: seven normal-weight (NW), six obese without comorbidities (OB/GDM(-)), and six obese with GDM (OB/GDM(+)). miRNA profiling with miRCURY LNA PCR Panel allowed the analysis of the 179 most expressed circulating miRNAs in humans. Data acquisition and statistics (GeneGlobe and SPSS software) and Pathway Enrichment Analysis (PEA) were performed. Data analysis highlighted patterns of significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between groups: OB/GDM(-) vs. NW: <i>n</i> = 4 miRNAs, OB/GDM(+) vs. NW: <i>n</i> = 1, and OB/GDM(+) vs. OB/GDM(-): <i>n</i> = 14. For each comparison, PEA revealed pathways associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as with nutrients and hormones metabolism. Indeed, miRNAs analysis may help to shed light on the complex epigenetic network regulating metabolic pathways in both the mother and the foeto-placental unit. Future investigations are needed to deepen the pregnancy epigenetic landscape in MO and GDM.
Doubly-responsive hyperbranched polymers and core-crosslinked star polymers with tunable reversibility (2015)

Thermo- and redox-responsive hyperbranched copolymers were prepared by statistical copolymerization of <italic>N</italic>-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and <italic>N</italic>,<italic>N</italic>′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.
Supplementary Figure 5 from p21-Activated Kinase 1 Is Required for Efficient Tumor Formation and Progression in a Ras-Mediated Skin Cancer Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 60K, Schematic presentation of Ras-mediated Pak1 signaling&lt;/p&gt;
Review (2000)

Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys by Mike Cox. ISBN 1-50680-080-1. SEG, 1999. 531 p. $122 ($79 for SEG members). Well Testing: Interpretation Methods, by G. Bourdarot. ISBN 2-7108-0738-6. Editions Technip, 1998. 337 p. $56. Depth Imaging of Foothills Seismic Data, edited by L. R. Lines, S. H. Gray, and D. C. Lawton. ISBN 0-9692354-1-0. Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1999. 275 p. $49.
Network resource allocation for emergency management based on closed-loop analysis (2022)

The telecommunication system being a critical pillar of emergency management, intelligent deployment and management of slices in an affected area will help emergency responders. Techniques such as automated management of Machine Learning (ML) pipelines across the edge and emergency responder devices, usage of hierarchical closed-loops, and offloading inference tasks closer to the edge can minimize latencies for first responders in case of emergencies. This study describes the major results from building a Proof of Concept (PoC) for network resource allocation for emergency management using a hierarchical autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI)/ML-based closed-loops in the mobile network, organized by the Internal Telecommunication Union Focus Group on Autonomous Networks (ITU FG-AN). The background scenario for this PoC included the interaction between a higher closed-loop in the Operations Support System (OSS) and a lower closed-loop in Radio Access Network (RAN) to intelligently share RAN resources between the public and the emergency responder slice. Representation of closed-loop "controllers" in a declarative fashion (intent), triggering "imperative actions" in the "underlay" based on the intent, setup of a data pipeline between various components, and methods of "influencing" lower layer loops using specific logic/models, were some of the essential aspects investigated by various teams. The main conclusions are summarised in this paper, including the significant observations and limitations from the PoC as well as future directions.
Enabling fully automated insulin delivery through meal detection and size estimation using Artificial Intelligence (2023)

We present a robust insulin delivery system that includes automated meal detection and carbohydrate content estimation using machine learning for meal insulin dosing called robust artificial pancreas (RAP). We conducted a randomized, single-center crossover trial to compare postprandial glucose control in the four hours following unannounced meals using a hybrid model predictive control (MPC) algorithm and the RAP system. The RAP system includes a neural network model to automatically detect meals and deliver a recommended meal insulin dose. The meal detection algorithm has a sensitivity of 83.3%, false discovery rate of 16.6%, and mean detection time of 25.9 minutes. While there is no significant difference in incremental area under the curve of glucose, RAP significantly reduces time above range (glucose >180 mg/dL) by 10.8% (P = 0.04) and trends toward increasing time in range (70-180 mg/dL) by 9.1% compared with MPC. Time below range (glucose <70 mg/dL) is not significantly different between RAP and MPC.
Relational burden, depression, and loneliness among American older adults: an inquiry into the ‘dark side of social capital’ (2022)

Unlike prior research using conventional measures of social capital (e.g. trust, frequency of social interaction, and organizational participation) to evaluate its potential downside, our study contributes to the literature by directly operationalizing the concept of 'relational burden', stress due to excessive demands from others, at individual and contextual levels of analysis.
Listeria monocytogenes infection as a complication of treatment with tumor necrosis factor α–neutralizing agents (2003)

Postlicensure surveillance suggests that L monocytogenes infection may be a serious complication of treatment with TNFalpha-neutralizing agents, particularly infliximab.
Refactoring Neural Networks for Verification (2019)

Deep neural networks (DNN) are growing in capability and applicability. Their effectiveness has led to their use in safety critical and autonomous systems, yet there is a dearth of cost-effective methods available for reasoning about the behavior of a DNN. In this paper, we seek to expand the applicability and scalability of existing DNN verification techniques through DNN refactoring. A DNN refactoring defines (a) the transformation of the DNN's architecture, i.e., the number and size of its layers, and (b) the distillation of the learned relationships between the input features and function outputs of the original to train the transformed network. Unlike with traditional code refactoring, DNN refactoring does not guarantee functional equivalence of the two networks, but rather it aims to preserve the accuracy of the original network while producing a simpler network that is amenable to more efficient property verification. We present an automated framework for DNN refactoring, and demonstrate its potential effectiveness through three case studies on networks used in autonomous systems.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic aromatic cotton fabrics (2016)

Superhydrophobic fabrics with lasting fragrance were fabricated in light of the development trend of high value-added and multi-functional materials.
Multiple Spell-Out and PF Adjacency (1999)

Recent development in the generative enterprise often referred to as Minirnalism (cf.Chomsky 1993, 1995) involves some critical changes from the Extended Standard Theory of Chomsky (1981), one of which is the overall architecture of the computational system.D-structure and S-structure have been eliminated (mainly) on the grounds that postulating such internal interface levels is beyond virtual conceptual necessity (cf.Chomsky 1993).Instead, Oeneralized Transformation (01), which was originally proposed in Chomsky (1955), has been revived (under the new name Merge) as an operation for concatenating phrase markers.With regard to branching to PF and LF, the operation Spell-Out is postulated to apply at an arbitrary point in the derivation, stripping away the features relevant for phonology and sending them off to PF (cf.Chomsky 1993 and 1995).As Uriagereka (to appear) points out, one stipulation in this new picture is that Spell-Out applies only once.If Spell-Out is an operation, Uriagereka reasons, nothing in principle bans its repeated application in a single derivation (although its application may as well be subject to economy considerations).Chomsky (1997, 1998) and Uriagereka (to appear) propose to dispense with this stipulation by reviving an old idea entertained in the seventies: cyclic access to PF (cf.Bresnan 1971), and what amounted to the precursor of LF at that time (cf.Iackendoff 1972 andLasnik 1972).For instance, Chomsky (1997) suggests that Spell-Out operates iteratively in the course of a derivation, applying as part of the checking of an uninterpretable feature.'He suggests that this type of model overcomes a problem with a single Spell-Out model noted in Chomsky (1995: Chapter 4, fn.50), namely, the fact that uninterpretable features may have a PF reflex even when checked and erased in overt syntax.' For instance, the fact that
THE GENETIC CONTROL OF SPORULATION IN SACCHAROMYCES I. THE ISOLATION OF TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE SPORULATION-DEFICIENT MUTANTS (1969)

RESENT knowledge of the biochemical, cytological, and genetic events which 'accompany meiosis does not provide precise information regarding the nature and number of indispensable functions which must proceed for meiosis to occur. Such information could be obtained if conditional mutants preventing these functions were available for study.
First-principles investigation of hyperfine interactions for nuclear spin entanglement in photoexcited fullerenes (2012)

The study of hyperfine interactions in optically excited fullerenes has recently acquired importance within the context of nuclear spin entanglement for quantum-information technology. We here report a first-principles pseudopotential study of the hyperfine coupling parameters of optically excited fullerene derivatives as well as small organic radicals. The calculations are performed within the gauge-invariant projector-augmented wave method [C. Pickard and F. Mauri, Phys. Rev. B 63, 245101 (2001)]. In order to establish the accuracy of this methodology we compare our results with all-electron calculations and with experiment. In the case of fullerene derivatives we study the hyperfine coupling in the spin-triplet exciton state and compare our calculations with recent electron paramagnetic resonance measurements [M. Schaffry et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 200501 (2010)]. We discuss our results in light of a recent proposal for entangling remote nuclear spins in photoexcited chromophores.
‘Pictures That Talk and Sing’ (2016)

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Multiwavelength devices using frequency-selective waveguides (1994)

Present wavelength-multiplexed systems are potentially advantageous only for long-distance or highly multiplexed links, since the savings in running parallel fibers must be enough to offset the cost of the multiplexer and demultiplexer. Developing multiple-wavelength devices not only would eliminate the cost of the multiplexer and demultiplexer but also would reduce the number of fiber-to-device couplings. A multiple-wavelength device would have only one optical port, and separate contact pads would control each wavelength. Such devices could dramatically lower the cost of wavelength-multiplexed systems and make them advantageous even for short links. We describe a novel structure that can act as a multiple-wavelength detector or transmitter. To date, we have demonstrated both a narrowband receiver and a multiple-wavelength optically pumped source.
Using self-diagnosis to adapt organizational structures (2002)

The specific organization used by a multi-agent system is crucial for its effectiveness and efficiency. In dynamic environments, or when the objectives of the system shift, the organization must therefore be able to change as well. The authors propose using a general diagnosis engine to drive this process of adaptation, using the TAEMS modeling language as the primary representation of organizational information (B. Horling et al., 1999).
Development of predictive models for end-use quality of spring wheats through canonical analysis (2001)

Abstract For 30 spring wheat cultivars, the bread-loaf volume, the total bread-baking scores and the total chapati scores were considered as dependent variables, and 16 other quality attributes were regarded as independent variables. A stepwise regression indicated acid-soluble glutenin, globulin, gliadin, and Mixograph development time contributed negatively to the bread-loaf volume and the total bread-baking scores, whereas dough development time, measured by farinograph readings, and particle size index contributed positively to both these attributes. However, 0.05 M NaOH soluble glutenin, acid soluble glutenin, globulin, albumin, fat and test weight positively affected the total chapati scores while the Farinograph readings (dough development time), ash, moisture and falling number had a negative affect. The canonical correlations were computed between the two groups of variables. The first group comprised dependent variables (bread-loaf volume, bread scores and chapati scores) and the second comprised 21 independent variables. The highest observed value of coefficient of determination for white flour protein was 0.8912 indicating that 89.12% of the variation in white flour protein can be explained by all other variables in the second set. However, 24.36 and 24.60% of variation in bread-loaf volume and total bread scores respectively can be explained by all other variables in the first set. The squared multiple regression of each variable in the first set with all the variables in the second set indicated that 57.13% variation in total chapati scores was explained by the variable in the second set, whereas 50.74% of the variation in the bread-loaf volume and 34% of the variation in total bread scores was explained by the variables included in the second set. The results of the canonical correlation revealed high correlation between the end use quality characteristics and other physico-chemical, rheological and protein components of wheat cultivars.
Coprecipitation of Oxalates: An Easy and Reproducible Wet‐Chemistry Synthesis Route for Transition‐Metal Ferrites (2013)

Abstract In this work, an easy, quick and reproducible wet‐synthesis coprecipitation route starting from oxalate precursors was optimised to synthesise cobalt, nickel, zinc and magnesium spinel ferrites CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 and MgFe 2 O 4 , as well as the manganese perovskite ferrite MnFeO 3 . Crystalline purity and crystallite sizes ranging from 30 to 190 nm were investigated by means of powder X‐ray diffraction, and uniform morphology of the particles was shown through transmission electron microscopy. The chosen synthetic route afforded an excellent stoichiometric control over the products, as confirmed by combined X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analyses. The site geometry, degree of inversion in the spinels and chemical environments in the ferrites were explored by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The thermal evolution of the compounds during calcination and the decomposition pattern of the oxalates were studied through differential scanning calorimetry coupled with thermogravimetric analysis as well as in situ temperature‐programmed X‐ray diffraction. Magnetic properties of these oxides, as well as the transition of the perovskite from paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic behaviour at low temperatures, were investigated by superconducting quantum interferometer magnetometry.
Cardiotonic agents. 2. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships in a new class of 6-, 7-, and 8-pyridyl-2(1H)-quinolone derivatives (1986)

A series of 6-, 7-, and 8-pyridyl-2(1H)-quinolone derivatives with various quinolone substitutents (CH3, Cl, OH, OCH3) was prepared by arylation of pyridine with quinolone via a diazotized aminoquinolone for positive inotropic activity. Several derivatives, especially those with a pyridyl ring in the 6-position, were from 28 to 50 times more potent on left guinea pig atria than ARL-115 and milrinone used as references. Intrinsic activities of the derivatives were almost equivalent to that of ARL-115. These results indicate that pyridyl-2(1H)-quinolone derivatives are a potent new class of positive inotropic agents.
Endurance training attenuates loss of bone strength in the polymerase gamma mutator mouse model of aging (2010)

A causal role for mtDNA mutagenesis in aging‐associated bone loss is supported by recent studies demonstrating that the polymerase gamma (PolG) mutator mouse, harbouring a proofreading‐deficient copy of PolG, exhibits a significant reduction in whole‐body bone mineral content and density. Physiological aging is accompanied by kyphosis, osteoporosis and an increased incidence of fractures. Anecdotal evidence from human and rodent studies suggests that endurance training prevents loss of bone mineral density, mobility and posture, and is recommended to reduce the likelihood of falling and associated morbidity and mortality. We investigated whether endurance training can prevent bone strength decrements in PolG mice. At 3 months of age, 24 PolG mice (♀ = ♂) were randomly assigned to a sedentary (SED) or forced‐endurance training (END; 15m/min for 45 min, 3x/week for 5 months) group. PolG‐SED mice exhibited a marked decrease in maximal load (33%), maximal energy (39%) and stress (33%) vs. wild‐type (WT) controls (P&lt;0.01) with a trend toward decreased stiffness (19%) in the femur (P&lt;0.07) and bone area (9%) at the mid‐diaphysis (P&lt;0.08). PolG‐END showed an improvement in all structural parameters (P&lt;0.01) returning to WT levels. We found no differences in femur length, periosteal and endosteal area at the mid‐diaphysis. Five months of endurance training rescued the loss of femur strength in PolG mice. (Funded by CIHR)
Influence of defects on the femtosecond laser damage resistance of multi-layer dielectric grating (2022)

The influence of various defects on the femtosecond laser damage resistance of a HfO 2 /SiO 2 /Ta 2 O 5 -based 48-layer grating designed for 800 nm is studied using the finite-difference time-domain method incorporated with the Keldysh photoionization theory.
A THERMALLY PUMPED CO2 LASER (1969)

Power of 20 mW and gain of 11% have been obtained by using thermally excited nitrogen to pump a flowing-gas carbon dioxide laser. One immediate use of this new pumping technique is the study of molecular laser physics in a simplified environment; the thermal laser is essentially free of chemical and charged-particle effects.
Observations of the 3.3μm Emission Feature in Planetary Nebulae (1983)

Absolute fluxes of the 3.3μm features were measured for 12 planetary nebulae. Both narrow-band photometry and low resolution spectrophotometry were used. Photometry was performed with narrow bandpass filters centered at 3.28μm and 3.72μm(λ/Δλ = 14). Using a CVF spectrophotometer, the 3.1μm – 3.8μm spectra of four nebulae (IC 418, IC 2149, NGC 6543, NGC 6572) were obtained. The values of the fluxes measured with the two different methods agree well.
Phosphinite-Ni(0) Mediated Formation of a Phosphide-Ni(II)-OCOOMe Species via Uncommon Metal–Ligand Cooperation (2015)

Reversible transformations are observed between a phosphide-nickel(II) alkoxide and a phosphinite-nickel(0) species via a P-O bond formation coupled with a 2-e(-) redox change at the nickel center. In the forward reaction, the nickel(0) dinitrogen species (PP(OMe)P)Ni(N2) (2) and {(PP(OMe)P)Ni}2(μ-N2) (3) were formed from the reaction of (PPP)NiCl (1) with a methoxy anion. In the backward reaction, a (PPP)Ni(II) moiety was regenerated from the CO2 reaction of 3 with the concomitant formation of a methyl carbonate ligand in (PPP)Ni(OCOOMe) (7). Thus, unanticipated metal-ligand cooperation involving a phosphide based ligand is reported.
Performance Limits of Visible Light-Based User Position and Orientation Estimation Using Received Signal Strength Under NLOS Propagation (2019)

In this paper, we aim at providing a unified performance analysis framework for visible light-based positioning (VLP) using received signal strength (RSS), which can be used to gain insights into improving the performance of RSS-based VLP systems. Specifically, we first obtain a closed-form Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the user equipment (UE) location and orientation, respectively. Then, we reveal the impact of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), transmission distance, prior knowledge and the number of LED sources on the RSS-based VLP performance. Moreover, the impact of the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation on the RSS-based VLP performance is studied. It is shown that the RSS-based VLP performance will hit an error floor caused by the unknown NLOS links. These NLOS-caused UE location and orientation error floors in the high SNR region are analyzed. Finally, the information contribution of each LED source is studied to give an intuitive understanding on the impact of the LED array geometry on the RSS-based VLP performance. The obtained CRLB and the associated VLP performance analysis form a theoretical basis for the design of efficient VLP algorithms and VLP performance optimization strategies (e.g., resource allocation and smart LED source selection).
Functional scan chain testing (1998)

Functional scan chains are scan chains that have scan paths through a circuit's functional logic and flip-flops. Establishing functional scan paths by test point insertion (TPI) has been shown to be an effective technique to reduce the scan overhead. However, once the scan chain is allowed to go through functional logic, the traditional alternating test sequence is no longer enough to ensure the correctness of the scan chain. We identify the faults that affect the functional scan chain, and show a methodology to find tests for these faults. Our results have the number of undetected faults at only 0.006% of the total number of faults, or 0.022% of the faults affecting the scan chain.