gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrahigh-quality-factor silicon-on-insulator microring resonator (2004)

The development of ultrahigh-quality-factor (Q) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonators based on silicon wire waveguides is presented. An analytical description is derived, illustrating that in addition to low propagation losses the critical coupling condition is essential for optimizing device characteristics. Propagation losses as low as 1.9 +/- 0.1 dB/cm in a curved waveguide with a bending radius of 20 microm and a Q factor as high as 139.000 +/- 6.000 are demonstrated. These are believed to be the highest values reported for a curved SOI waveguide device and for any directly structured semiconductor microring fabricated without additional melting-induced surface smoothing.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. Work in progress. (1984)

Ten normal volunteers and 45 patients with breast abnormalities were examined with magnetic resonance (MR), utilizing a 0.3-tesla superconducting magnet. In all patients, MR detected an abnormality that corresponded to the area of pathology seen on either a mammogram or computed tomographic (CT) scan. An appreciable advantage of MR over mammography was observed in patients with cysts and in those with areas of asymmetric dysplastic breast tissue. Abnormalities on MR images appeared as areas of low signal intensity relative to adjacent normal ductal and fatty tissue. The configuration of a lesion on MR permitted distinction between a benign and a malignant process.
The catabolism of 3,3’-thiodipropionic acid in Variovorax paradoxus strain TBEA6: A proteomic analysis (2019)

Variovorax paradoxus strain TBEA6 is one of the few organisms known to utilize 3,3'-thiodipropionate (TDP) as the only source of carbon and energy. It cleaves TDP to 3-mercaptopropionate (3MP), which is a direct precursor for polythioester synthesis. To establish this process in V. paradoxus TBEA6, it is crucial to unravel its TDP metabolism. Therefore, a proteomic approach with subsequent deletion of interesting genes in the bacterium was chosen. Cells were cultivated with D-gluconate, TDP or 3-sulfinopropionate as the only carbon sources. Proteins with high abundances in gels of cells cultivated with either of the organic sulfur compounds were analyzed further. Thereby, we did not only confirm parts of the already postulated TDP metabolism, but also eight new protein candidates for TDP degradation were detected. Deletions of the corresponding genes (two enoyl-CoA hydratases (Ech-20 and Ech-30), an FK506-binding protein, a putative acetolactate synthase, a carnitinyl-CoA dehydratase, and a putative crotonase family protein) were obtained. Only the deletions of both Ech-20 and Ech-30 led to a TDP negative phenotype. The deletion mutant of VPARA_05510, which encodes the putative crotonase family protein showed reduced growth with TDP. The three genes are located in one cluster with genes proven to be involved in TDP metabolism. Thermal shift assays showed an increased stability of Ech-20 with TDP-CoA but not with TDP. These results indicate that Ech-20 uses TDP-CoA as a substrate instead of TDP. Hence, we postulate a new putative pathway for TDP metabolism. Ech-30 interacts with neither TDP-CoA nor TDP but might interact with other CoA-activated intermediates of the proposed pathway. Further enzyme characterization is necessary to unravel the complete pathway from TDP to 3MP.
Induction of Adaptive Response by Low-Dose Radiation in RIF Cells Transfected with Hspb1 (Hsp25) or Inducible Hspa (Hsp70) (2002)

An adaptive response results in a reduced effect of a high challenging dose of a stressor after a smaller, inducing dose has been applied a few hours earlier. Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) cells did not show an adaptive response, i.e. a reduced effect from a high challenging dose (2 Gy) of a radiation after a priming dose (1 cGy) had been applied 4 or 7 h earlier, but cells of a thermoresistant clone (TR) derived from RIF cells did. Since the expression of inducible Hspa (also known as Hsp70) and Hspb1 (also known as Hsp25) was different in these two cell lines, the role of inducible Hspa and Hspb1 in the adaptive response was examined. When RIF cells were transfected with inducible Hspa or Hspb1, both radioresistance measured by clonogenic assays and a reduction of apoptosis were detected. The adaptive response was also acquired by these two cell lines. The inducible Hspa transfectant showed a more pronounced adaptive response than the Hspb1 transfectant. Based on these results, it appears that inducible Hspa and Hspb1 are at least partly responsible for the induction of the adaptive response in these cells. Moreover, when inducible Hspa or Hspb1 was transfected into RIF cells, co-regulation of the two genes was detected. Heat-shock factor (Hsf) was found to be at least partially responsible for the induction of the adaptive response in these cells.
A Study of Switching Frequency Impact on Reliability of DC-DC PoL Converters With Discrete Transistors (2023)

Point-of-Load (PoL) DC-DC Converters are based on buck converter topology which is actuated at a switching frequency. The value of the switching frequency determines the performance of the power converter, including its reliability. This article quantifies the influence of switching frequency on reliability and lifetime, in addition to efficiency, thermal response, and ripple. The analysis is conducted for a wide range of switching frequency variation (50 kHz to 500 kHz) and a conventional synchronous converter with discrete Si MOSFETs. The failure rate and reliability calculation follow a modern prediction standard, herein was adopted IEC-TR-62380 due to the concept of mission profile that it uses. The reliability calculation is based on the temperature of the device when the converter is working on a common load. A thermal scanning of the power converter provides this temperature under two different loads (mild and strong) is herein achieved with infrared photography.
Development of a New Module of the FACE-Q for Children and Young Adults with Diverse Conditions Associated with Visible and/or Functional Facial Differences (2017)

Abstract Appearance and facial function are concepts not well addressed in current pediatric patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) for facial conditions. We aimed to develop a new module of the FACE-Q for children/young adults with facial conditions that include ear anomalies, facial paralysis, skeletal conditions, and soft tissue conditions. Semi-structured and cognitive interviews were conducted with patients aged 8–29 years recruited from craniofacial centers in Canada, USA, UK, and Australia. Interviews were used to elicit new concepts and to obtain feedback on CLEFT-Q scales hypothesized to be relevant to other facial conditions. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and coded. Experts were emailed and invited to provide feedback via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). Eighty-four participants and 43 experts contributed. Analysis led to the development of a conceptual framework and 14 new scales that measure appearance, facial function, health-related quality of life, and adverse effects of treatment. In addition, 12 CLEFT-Q scales were determined to have content validity for use with other facial conditions. Expert input led to minor changes to scales and items. This new FACE-Q module for children/young adults is being field-tested internationally. Once finalized, we anticipate this PROM will be used to inform clinical practice and research studies.
Metabolomics meets machine learning: Longitudinal metabolite profiling in serum of normal versus overconditioned cows and pathway analysis (2019)

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the metabolic profiles in serum of dairy cows that were normal or overconditioned when dried off for elucidating the pathophysiological reasons for the increased health disturbances commonly associated with overconditioning. Fifteen weeks antepartum, 38 multiparous Holstein cows were allocated to either a high body condition (HBCS; n = 19) group or a normal body condition (NBCS; n = 19) group and were fed different diets until dry-off to amplify the difference. The groups were also stratified for comparable milk yields (NBCS: 10,361 ± 302 kg; HBCS: 10,315 ± 437 kg; mean ± standard deviation). At dry-off, the cows in the NBCS group (parity: 2.42 ± 1.84; body weight: 665 ± 64 kg) had a body condition score (BCS) <3.5 and backfat thickness (BFT) <1.2 cm, whereas the HBCS cows (parity: 3.37 ± 1.67; body weight: 720 ± 57 kg) had BCS >3.75 and BFT >1.4 cm. During the dry period and the subsequent lactation, both groups were fed identical diets but maintained the BCS and BFT differences. A targeted metabolomics (AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit, Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria) approach was performed in serum samples collected on d -49, +3, +21, and +84 relative to calving for identifying and quantifying up to 188 metabolites from 6 different compound classes (acylcarnitines, AA, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and hexoses). The concentrations of 170 metabolites were above the limit of detection and could thus be used in this study. We used various machine learning (ML) algorithms (e.g., sequential minimal optimization, random forest, alternating decision tree, and naïve Bayes-updatable) to analyze the metabolome data sets. The performance of each algorithm was evaluated by a leave-one-out cross-validation method. The accuracy of classification by the ML algorithms was lowest on d 3 compared with the other time points. Various ML methods (partial least squares discriminant analysis, random forest, information gain ranking) were then performed to identify those metabolites that were contributing most significantly to discriminating the groups. On d 21 after parturition, 12 metabolites (acetylcarnitine, hexadecanoyl-carnitine, hydroxyhexadecenoyl-carnitine, octadecanoyl-carnitine, octadecenoyl-carnitine, hydroxybutyryl-carnitine, glycine, leucine, phosphatidylcholine-diacyl-C40:3, trans-4-hydroxyproline, carnosine, and creatinine) were identified in this way. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that branched-chain AA degradation (before calving) and mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids along with fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and alanine metabolism (after calving) were significantly enriched in HBCS compared with NBCS cows. Our results deepen the insights into the phenotype related to overconditioning from the preceding lactation and the pathophysiological sequelae such as increased lipolysis and ketogenesis and decreased feed intake.
Nesiritide citrate (Scios). (1999)

Nesiritide citrate is a human brain natriuretic peptide under development by Scios for the potential treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). An NDA was submitted to the US FDA in April 1998 for approval to market nesiritide citrate for short-term CHF. Scios is expecting to launch this product by mid-1999. Animal studies at Scios have also indicated that human brain natriuretic peptide may be useful in the management of acute hypertension associated with numerous surgical procedures. Scios has estimated the potential market for this drug to be 250-300 million dollars in the US alone.
Abstract 12001: Cardiac Troponin T and N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Detection of Myocardial Ischemia Among Patients With Suspected Stable Angina (2019)

Introduction: Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) have both been associated with myocardial ischemia, but it remains unclear whether this is directly...
Localization of credential information to address increasingly inevitable data breaches (2008)

Large-scale data breaches exposing sensitive personal information are becoming commonplace. For numerous reasons, conventional personal (identification) information leaks from databases that store online and/or on-site user transaction data. Collected ID numbers and supporting personal information enable malicious parties to commit large-scale identity fraud. Gates and Slonim (NSPW 2003) proposed the owner-controlled information paradigm to address privacy violations of personal information where users are expected to maintain all their information using a personal device. Rubin and Wright (FC 2001), Molloy et al. (FC 2007), and others explored the use of one-time numbers to address credit card fraud (mostly for online use). However, several other types of ID number are at least as sensitive as credit card numbers. Our fundamental assumption is that collected personal information will eventually be breached. To combat identity fraud under this new environmental attack paradigm, we introduce a more general approach involving localized or customized ID numbers for both card-present and card-not-present transactions. We also explore four variants of the general idea to spark more discussion and further research in this area.
A smart tumor targeting peptide–drug conjugate, pHLIP-SS-DOX: synthesis and cellular uptake on MCF-7 and MCF-7/Adr cells (2015)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anticancer drug for the treatment of tumors, but the poor specificity and multi-drug resistance (MDR) on tumor cells have restricted its application. Here, a pH and reduction-responsive peptide-drug conjugate (PDC), pHLIP-SS-DOX, was synthesized to overcome these drawbacks. pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP) is a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) with pH-dependent transmembrane ability. And because of the unique cell membrane insertion pattern, it might reverse the MDR. The cellular uptake study showed that on both drug-sensitive MCF-7 and drug-resistant MCF-7/Adr cells, pHLIP-SS-DOX obviously facilitated the uptake of DOX at pH 6.0 and the uptake level on MCF-7/Adr cells was similar with that on MCF-7 cells, indicating that pHLIP-SS-DOX had the ability to target acidic tumor cells and reverse MDR. In vitro cytotoxicity study mediated by GSH-OEt demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of pHLIP-SS-DOX was reduction responsive, with obvious cytotoxicity at pH 6.0; while it had poor cytotoxicity at pH 7.4, no matter with or without GSH-OEt pretreatment. This illustrated that pHLIP could deliver DOX into tumor cells with acidic microenvironment specifically and could not deliver drugs into normal cells with neutral microenvironment. In summary, pHLIP-SS-DOX is a promising strategy to target drugs to tumors and provides a possibility to overcome MDR.
Self‐Assembly and Crystallization Behavior of Mesoporous, Crystalline HfO2 Thin Films: A Model System for the Generation of Mesostructured Transition‐Metal Oxides (2005)

Mesoporous thin films of crystalline hafnium oxide were fabricated by evaporation-induced self-assembly in combination with sol-gel processing, followed by a suitable post heat-treatment procedure to initiate the crystallization. A novel type of block-copolymer template was used as structure-directing agent, which generated a distorted cubic arrangement of spherical mesopores, the size of which could be quantified by suitable techniques, such as ellipsometry-porosimetry, small-angle X-ray scattering, and atomic force microscopy. Detailed insights into the nature of the crystallization process of mesostructured hafnium oxide were obtained by temperature-dependent, in situ X-ray scattering experiments. These investigations revealed that crystallization takes place, within the confinement of the mesostructure, as a solid-solid transition from a dehydrated, amorphous form of hafnium oxide. The study suggests that one main benefit of the novel template results from the ability of the polymer to stabilize the mesostructure of amorphous hafnium oxide up to 400-450 degrees C.
Inflammation and vascular remodeling in COVID-19 hearts (2022)

A wide range of cardiac symptoms have been observed in COVID-19 patients, often significantly influencing the clinical outcome. While the pathophysiology of pulmonary COVID-19 manifestation has been substantially unraveled, the underlying pathomechanisms of cardiac involvement in COVID-19 are largely unknown. In this multicentre study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of heart samples from 24 autopsies with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and compared them to samples of age-matched Influenza H1N1 A (n = 16), lymphocytic non-influenza myocarditis cases (n = 8), and non-inflamed heart tissue (n = 9). We employed conventional histopathology, multiplexed immunohistochemistry (MPX), microvascular corrosion casting, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast tomography using synchrotron radiation, and direct multiplexed measurements of gene expression, to assess morphological and molecular changes holistically. Based on histopathology, none of the COVID-19 samples fulfilled the established diagnostic criteria of viral myocarditis. However, quantification via MPX showed a significant increase in perivascular CD11b/TIE2 + -macrophages in COVID-19 over time, which was not observed in influenza or non-SARS-CoV-2 viral myocarditis patients. Ultrastructurally, a significant increase in intussusceptive angiogenesis as well as multifocal thrombi, inapparent in conventional morphological analysis, could be demonstrated. In line with this, on a molecular level, COVID-19 hearts displayed a distinct expression pattern of genes primarily coding for factors involved in angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), changes not seen in any of the other patient groups. We conclude that cardiac involvement in COVID-19 is an angiocentric macrophage-driven inflammatory process, distinct from classical anti-viral inflammatory responses, and substantially underappreciated by conventional histopathologic analysis. For the first time, we have observed intussusceptive angiogenesis in cardiac tissue, which we previously identified as the linchpin of vascular remodeling in COVID-19 pneumonia, as a pathognomic sign in affected hearts. Moreover, we identified CD11b + /TIE2 + macrophages as the drivers of intussusceptive angiogenesis and set forward a putative model for the molecular regulation of vascular alterations.
Molecular Design of Highly Fluorinated Liquid Crystals (2001)

The aim of this work is to present recent studies of highly fluorinated liquid crystals with focus on the molecular design and stabilization of the liquid crystal phases. We point out that the typical (rod-like, or disk-like) molecular shape gives rise to liquid crystal behavior but is not a necessary condition for the existence of liquid crystalline mesophase. The incorporation of incompatible parts (flexible-rigid, lipophilic / hydrophilic or lipophilic... ), i.e., the presence of amphophilic structure, leads to a liquid crystalline behavior which can be exacerbated from molecular design. For instance, the highly fluorinated tail, due to its intrinsic physical properties, gives future prospects in this field. Its impact on the mesomorphic properties is compared to the hydrocarbon homologues of these series.
Mobile human-computer interaction (2014)

The objective of this course is to provide newcomers to Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (Mobile HCI) with an overview of the field. The course will introduce the five grand challenges of Mobile HCI that set this field apart from others and will discuss eight current Mobile HCI research areas that address those challenges.
A Video Quality-Estimation Model for Streaming Media Services Based on Human Visual System (2009)

Streaming media services will become key services with advances in broadband IP networks. To provide a high-quality service for users, it is extremely important to design and manage the quality of experience (QoE) appropriately. To do this, it is necessary to develop an objective quality-assessment method that estimates subjective quality of streaming media. We propose a no-reference quality-estimation model for monitoring the video quality of streaming media services. The proposed model is based on video subjective quality assessment experiments and takes into account the spatial and temporal concealment of human visual system and the characteristic that human visual system is more sensitive to the parts with worse distortion of a video sequence. The experimental results indicate that Pearson Cross-Correlation was larger than 0.9, and the evaluation error was smaller than the statistical uncertainty of the value of subjective quality. Therefore, the proposed model could be applied to effective design, implementation, and management of streaming media services.
Topical phenylephrine in laser in situ keratomileusis (2007)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 33(2):p 355-356, February 2007. | DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.08.064
Roasted hazelnuts – allergenic activity evaluated by double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenge (2003)

All the applied methods indicated that roasting of hazelnuts reduces the allergenicity, but since 5/17 birch pollen allergic patients were DBPCFC-positive to the roasted nuts, ingestion of roasted hazelnuts or products containing roasted hazelnuts can not be considered safe for a number of hazelnut allergic consumers. For patients with a history of severe allergic symptoms upon ingestion of hazelnuts, thorough and conscientious food labelling of hazelnuts and hazelnut residues is essential.
Solid phase extraction based on trimethylsilyloxy silica aerogel (2021)

Solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on trimethylsilyloxy-modified silica aerogel was developed for extraction of chemotherapeutic drugs from water. The developed method is easy and affordable, can be performed in separating funnel and does not require a vacuum and SPE manifold. The extraction and recovery of cyclophosphamide (CYP), dexamethasone (DEX), and paclitaxel (TAX) by the aerogel from water were investigated. The factors governing the extraction efficiency such as sample pH, sample volume, volume of eluent and concentration of analytes were studied. The LOD and LOQ of the developed method were calculated and linearity was found in the range of 4-100 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. The extraction efficiency of the aerogel was compared to that of other SPE cartridges, Oasis HLB, Strata-X-C, C18 and polymeric reversed phase, and the aerogel showed similar or better performance than the other commercial cartridges available on the market. The developed method was also used to extract chemotherapeutic drugs spiked in hospital wastewater.