gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Weldable fibre Bragg grating sensors for steel bridge monitoring (2008)

For applications related to the structural health monitoring of steel bridges, novel weldable strain and temperature sensors based on fibre Bragg gratings were developed. These sensors, which can be directly welded to metallic structures, reveal linear responses over typical required measurement ranges and stability over thousands of load and temperature cycles. Proper installation procedures and in-field mechanical protection were also developed and implemented. The significance of the developed sensors was demonstrated through the installation of a complete sensing network on a new circular pedestrian bridge in Aveiro, Portugal, where it was used for loading tests, and also for in-service monitoring of its structural health.
Thermal Decomposition of Copper Iminopyrrolidinate Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Precursors on Silicon Oxide Surfaces (2016)

The thermal chemistry of Cu(I)-N-sec-butyl-iminopyrrolidinate on silicon oxide films was characterized by using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Three temperature regimes were identified after adsorption at 100 K: (1) molecular desorption at 240 K; (2) protonation of some of the ligands and formation of the corresponding iminopyrrolidine at 300 K; and (3) fragmentation of the remaining ligands to produce H2, HCN, and butene, which occurs concurrently with the reduction of the copper ions. Most of the carbon and nitrogen atoms are removed from the surface after the third step, and copper desorbs above 900 K. Adsorption of the copper complex at room temperature leads to a partial early reduction of the metal and to the extended production of sec-butyl-iminopyrrolidine in two broad peaks around 330 and 460 K. Self-limiting adsorption, as required for atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes, is seen up to 500 K, but by 550 K continuous copper deposition takes place. In general, the chemistry of this copper ALD precursor is milder and cleaner on silicon oxide than on metals.
Futher Considerations on Corrosion and Inhibition Phenomena of Anions Based on the Hard and Soft Acids and Bases Principle (2014)

この解説では，最初に硬いおよび軟らかい酸塩基の法則（HSAB則）について分かりやすい説明をする．種々の陰イオンを含む酸性溶液中におけるFe腐食のアノード反応の抑制と促進をHSAB則に基づいて解釈する．さらに，種々の陰イオン溶液中におけるFe不動態皮膜破壊に及ぼす陰イオンの影響をこの法則を用いて検討する．
Stoffeigenschaftsändern (2022)

No AccessOptiktechnologieMar 2022StoffeigenschaftsändernJens BliedtnerJens Bliedtnerhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446460553.009SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2022Pages: 539-551Print ISBN: 978-3-446-45850-5eISBN: 978-3-446-46055-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2022 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Formulas for robust, one-pass parallel computation of covariances and arbitrary-order statistical moments. (2008)

We present a formula for the pairwise update of arbitrary-order centered statistical moments. This formula is of particular interest to compute such moments in parallel for large-scale, distributed data sets. As a corollary, we indicate a specialization of this formula for incremental updates, of particular interest to streaming implementations. Finally, we provide pairwise and incremental update formulas for the covariance. Centered statistical moments are one of the most widely used tools in descriptive statistics. It is therefore essential for statistical analysis packages that robust and efficient algorithms be devised and implemented. However, robustness and speed of execution, in this context as well as in others, tend to be orthogonal. For instance, it is well known1 that algorithms for calculating centered statistical moments that utilize sum of powers for the sake of execution speed (one-pass algorithms) lead to unacceptable numerical instability.
Catalytic Enantioselective Intermolecular Reductive Aldol Reaction to Ketones. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Rho-ROCK system as a new therapeutic target for preventing interstitial fibrosis (2004)

The small GTPase Rho is involved in cell-to-substratum adhesion and cell contraction. These actions of Rho mediated by downstream Rho effectors such as Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) may be partly responsible for the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. A body of evidence has been accumulated with regard to the involvement of the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway in the development of fibrotic lesions in various organs including the kidney. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a final common pathway to the eventual structural desolation of kidneys, and therefore is an important therapeutic target to cure or reverse the progressive functional deterioration. In this review, we will highlight the possible involvement of the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and discuss the therapeutic approach toward tubulointerstitial fibrosis by the inhibition of the Rho-ROCK pathway.
Norma IEC 61000-3-2 en fuentes de alimentación. Cálculo de filtros pasivos para el cumplimiento de la nueva norma (2002)

Durante los ultimos quince anos se lleva hablando de la necesidad de atenuar los armonicos de baja frecuencia que los equipos electronicos generan en la red de alterna, periodo en el cual hemos asistido a una pugna entre los organismos reguladores y los fabricantes de fuentes de alimentacion. La reciente reformulacion de la norma sobre inyeccion de armonicos de baja frecuencia en la red, IEC 61000-3-2, trae como consecuencia que la mas sencilla de las soluciones pasivas planteadas en el pasado (la inclusion de una simple bobina en la estructura clasica de los rectificadores monofasicos con filtro por condensador) recobre interes para determinadas aplicaciones.
Optimization and validation of a reporter gene assay for screening of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in a high throughput system (2008)

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) into inactive 5' monophosphates, and exist as 11 families. Inhibitors of PDEs allow the elevation of cAMP and cGMP, which leads to a variety of cellular effects including airway smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of cellular inflammation or of immune responses. PDE4 inhibitors specifically prevent the hydrolysis of cAMP. We have validated the manually developed reporter gene assay in a high-throughput screening format that allows for fast and cost-effective identification of potential inhibitors of PDE4 isozymes. The assay is sensitive and robust, with a Z' value of >0.5. The assay is also amenable to 384-well format.
Biodegradation of glycerol trinitrate by activated sludge: Cosubstrate requirements, inhibition, and kinetics (1998)

Abstract Nitroglycerin or glycerol trinitrate (GTN) is an energetic and toxic substance with a wide range of military and pharmaceutical applications. Studies conducted with activated sludge showed that GTN is amenable to aerobic degradation only in the presence of a primary carbon source, such as glucose. Kinetic experiments indicated that GTN is an inhibitory substrate whose presence during biodegradation, reduces substantially the microbial yield and the apparent maximum specific growth rate coefficient of primary substrates. However, in the range of concentrations tested (50 to 200 mg/L of GTN) its inhibitory effects are reversible. The biodegradation mechanism proceeds via a set of successive denitration reactions to form isomers of glycerol dinitrate (1,2‐GDN and 1,3‐GDN) and glycerol mononitrate (1‐GMN and 2‐GMN), which are subsequently degraded. Significant regioselectivity was observed during denitration of GTN and 1,2‐GDN favoring production of 1,3‐GDN and 1‐GMN. The rates of degradation of the metabolic products of GTN were slower at each denitration step with 2‐GMN exhibiting the lowest denitration rate. Aerobic GTN degradation ceased upon exhaustion of the primary substrate. Although, cosubstrate requirements during aerobic bioconversion of GTN were relatively high, in field applications the need for addition of external carbon sources will be minimal since GTN waste streams usually contain high amounts of BOD.
The Responsio email management system (2005)

Welcome to the WIT Press eLibrary - the home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute collection, providing on-line access to papers presented at the Institute's prestigious international conferences and from its State-of-the-Art in Science & Engineering publications.
Aerodynamic interactions between a 1/6-scale helicopter rotor and a body of revolution (1982)

A wind-tunnel investigation was conducted in which independent, steady state aerodynamic forces and moments were measured on a 2.24-m-diam, two bladed helicopter rotor and a body of revolution. The objective was to determine the interaction of the body on the rotor performance and the effect of the rotor on the body aerodynamics for variations in velocity, thrust, tip-path-plane angle of attack, body angle of attack, rotor/body position, and body nose geometry. Results show that a body of revolution near the rotor can produce significant favorable or unfavorable effects on rotor performance, depending on the operating condition. Body longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics are significantly modified by the presence of an operating rotor and hub.
Preliminary Study from Korea: Warm-Mix Asphalt (2011)

As a result of the 1997 Kyoto treaty on climate changes, many countries n the world were faced with greenhouse gas reduction targets. Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technologies are currently of interest to road construction industry around the world. WMA technology was developed in Europe and introduced into the United States in 2002. WMA technologies can decrease the energy consumption and emissions associated with conventional hot-mix asphalt (HMA) production. Based on those benefits and increasing awareness of WMA, the Korea Institute of Construction and Technology (KICT) developed WMA technology in Korea. WMA developed by KICT used a WMA additive that was developed by Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co. LTD. To evaluate the performance of WMA developed in Korea, an experimental test program was designed to evaluate rutting and crack resistance by using thewheel track test and indirect tensile strength test as a function of mixture types. In the case of rutting resistance, WMA shows better performance than HMA at high temperature. The Indirect Tensile Strength (IDT) test results of both WMA and HMA were same.
Standardized Managing of Clinical Laboratory in Medical Academy (2002)

The administration system composition of the clinical laboratory in the high medical academy was analyzed. The modularization project of administration system in the laboratory was introduced. It was explained that computer supervision were the important means and evaluating guideline of the standardized laboratory administration in the medical academy.
Dense innervation of Deiters' and Hensen's cells persists after chronic deefferentation of guinea pig cochleas (1998)

Innervation of Deiters' and Hensen's cells has been described in the organ of Corti of several mammalian species and has been suggested to arise from the olivocochlear (OC) efferent system (Wright and Preston [1976] Acta Otolaryngol. 82:41-47). In the present study, antineurofilament immunostaining was used to reveal these outer supporting cell fibers (OSCFs) in the normal guinea pig. In control ears, OSCFs were absent in the basal half of the cochlea but increased in number steadily toward the apex, peaking at values of over 1,200 fibers/mm. These values indicate a far more profuse innervation of supporting cells than has been described previously, suggesting that most OSCFs were not stained in previous immunohistochemical studies. Chronic cochlear deefferentation was used to test whether OSCFs are part of the OC system. The OC bundle was transected unilaterally, and the animals were allowed to survive for 4-8 weeks. Completeness of deefferentation was assessed by using acetylcholinesterase staining of the brainstem and measurement of the density of OC fascicles in the cochlea. By using these metrics, unilateral deefferentation was nearly complete in three animals. In successfully deefferented cases, the OSCF innervation density was not statistically different from control values. We conclude that the vast majority of OSCFs are not of OC origin. We speculate that they may be branches of type II afferent fibers to outer hair cells and that a smaller population of OSCFs with different morphology and immunoreactivity may arise from the OC system.
Aerobic glycolysis in cancers: Implications for the usability of oxygen‐responsive genes and fluorodeoxyglucose‐PET as markers of tissue hypoxia (2008)

The hypoxia-responsiveness of the glycolytic machinery may allow pretreatment identification of hypoxic tumors from HIF-1 targets (e.g., Glut-1) or [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography but results have been mixed. We hypothesized that this discrepancy is an inevitable consequence of elevated aerobic glycolysis in tumors (Warburg effect) as energetics in predominantly glycolytic cells is little affected by hypoxia. Accordingly, we characterized glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP generation in normoxic and anoxic cell lines. Measurements demonstrated that most cancer cells rely largely on aerobic glycolysis as it accounts for 56-63% of their ATP budget, but in the cervical carcinoma SiHa, ATP synthesis was mainly mitochondrial. Moreover, the stimulatory effect of anoxia on glycolytic flux was inversely correlated to the relative reliance on aerobic glycolysis. Next, tumor cells representing a Warburg or a nonglycolytic phenotype were grown in mice and spatial patterns of hypoxia (pimonidazole-stained), Glut-1 expression and (18)F-FDG uptake were analysed on sectioned tumors. Only in SiHa tumors did foci of elevated glucose metabolism consistently colocalize with regions of hypoxia and elevated Glut-1 expression. In contrast, spatial patterns of Glut-1 and pimonidazole staining correlated reasonably well in all tumors. In conclusion, Glut-1's value as a hypoxia marker is not severely restricted by aerobic glycolysis. In contrast, the specificity of (18)F-FDG uptake and Glut-1 expression as markers of regional hypoxia and glucose metabolism, respectively, scales inversely with the intensity of the Warburg effect. This linkage suggests that multi-tracer imaging combining FDG and hypoxia-specific markers may provide therapeutically relevant information on tumor energetic phenotypes.
A New System for Quantitative Arterial Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements (1986)

A new x-ray imaging system is being developed for quantitative arterial imaging and blood flow measurements. The system consists of an x-ray image intensifier optically coupled with a 1024-element photo-diode detector array. Low-noise, quantitative images are obtained by irradiating small regions of interest to minimize the detection of scattered radiation and intensifier tube veiling glare, and by making use of the large dynamic range (8000:1) and response linearity of the solid-state photo-detector. In the first of two modes of operation, low-noise scanned projection images are produced. Stenosis size (reduction of lumen area) in phantoms is determined with a maximum uncertainty of 10% over a range of iodine contrast agent concentrations of 4 to 100 mg/ml in a 1.0 cm2 cross-sectional area tube, independent of stenosis orientation and size. In the second mode, flow information is obtained by detecting the movement of a small, locally injected iodine bolus. Peak flow velocity and locations of flow separation and turbulence resulting from simulated stenoses are determined with stenosis sizes ranging from 0 to 84% area reduction.
Effects of the new long-acting dihydropyridine calcium antagonist pranidipine on the endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated rat aorta in vitro. (1993)

The action of methyl 3-phenyl-2 (E)-propenyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl- 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (pranidipine, OPC-13340, CAS 99522-79-9) on the endothelium-dependent relaxation in the isolated aorta in vitro was examined in comparison with other calcium antagonists (nifedipine, nitrendipine, nicardipine, diltiazem and verapamil). In the isolated aortic preparation of Wistar rats, acetylcholine (10(-5) mol/l), ATP (10(-5) mol/l or histamine (10(-5)-10(-4) mol/l) caused endothelium-dependent relaxation when the strips were previously contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha. This endothelium-dependent relaxation recovered within a few minutes, although the mechanisms of this contraction after relaxation were not clear. The pretreatment with pranidipine for 20 min extended the duration of the endothelium-dependent relaxation, however, there was no potentiation in magnitude of the relaxation. This effect on the duration of endothelium-dependent relaxation was prominent in pranidipine, namely, other calcium antagonists tested had not this action at clinical concentrations. This phenomenon was also observed when the strips were pre-contracted with norepinephrine. This action of pranidipine might be some beneficial feature for therapeutic use of the compound.
Split-step Fourier migration (1990)

Abstract The split-step Fourier method is developed and applied to migrating stacked seismic data in two and three dimensions. This migration method, which is implemented in both the frequency-wavenumber and frequency-space domains, takes into account laterally varying velocity by defining a reference slowness (reciprocal of velocity) as the mean slowness in the migration interval and a perturbation term that is spatially varying. The mean slowness defines a reference vertical wavenumber which is used in the frequency-wavenumber domain to downward continue the data across a depth interval as in constant-velocity phase-shift migration. The perturbation term is used to define a 'source' contribution that is taken into account by the application of a second phase shift in the frequency-space domain. Since the method does not include the effects of second and higher order spatial derivatives of the slowness field, the method theoretically is accurate only when there are no rapid lateral slowness variations combined with steep angles of propagation. However, synthetic and real examples indicate that good results are obtained for realistic geologic structures.
Learning to generalize to new compositions in image understanding (2016)

Recurrent neural networks have recently been used for learning to describe images using natural language. However, it has been observed that these models generalize poorly to scenes that were not observed during training, possibly depending too strongly on the statistics of the text in the training data. Here we propose to describe images using short structured representations, aiming to capture the crux of a description. These structured representations allow us to tease-out and evaluate separately two types of generalization: standard generalization to new images with similar scenes, and generalization to new combinations of known entities. We compare two learning approaches on the MS-COCO dataset: a state-of-the-art recurrent network based on an LSTM (Show, Attend and Tell), and a simple structured prediction model on top of a deep network. We find that the structured model generalizes to new compositions substantially better than the LSTM, ~7 times the accuracy of predicting structured representations. By providing a concrete method to quantify generalization for unseen combinations, we argue that structured representations and compositional splits are a useful benchmark for image captioning, and advocate compositional models that capture linguistic and visual structure.
How Small Labels Create Big Improvements (2007)

It is widely believed that identifying communities in an ad hoc mobile communications system, such as a pocket switched network, can reduce the amount of traffic created when forwarding messages, but there has not been any empirical evidence available to support this assumption to date. In this paper, we show through use of real experimental human mobility data, how using a small label, identifying users according to their affiliation, can bring a large improvement in forwarding performance, in term of both delivery ratio and cost
System performance of UTRA LTE and LTE-advanced (2011)

The long term evolution of UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA LTE) and its enhanced version - LTE-Advanced use OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) combined with MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output), termed MIMO-OFDM. The spatial multiplexing (SM) MIMO scheme is deployed in LTE and LTE-Advanced downlink to provide high data rates. In this communication, the authors will discuss a set of block decision detection techniques orientated to SM signals in MIMO-OFDM system. Both zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) schemes based detection versions are presented. Setting out from a novel general model for the evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the data detector output, the authors will evaluate the error ratio performance of the novel MIMO detectors and provide comparison results. It will be shown that the simple block decision detectors rather than interference cancellation based schemes provide an attractive coded performance at a lower realization complexity.
Peer Reviewed: Analytical Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Analytical Bioluminescence and ChemiluminescenceThe possibility of detecting a few molecules using bioluminescence and chemiluminescence is exciting, especially in the context of miniaturized analytical devices.Aldo Roda, Massimo Guardigli, Elisa Michelini, Mara Mirasoli, and Patrizia PasiniCite this: Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 21, 462 A–470 APublication Date (Web):November 1, 2003Publication History Published online1 November 2003Published inissue 1 November 2003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac031398v. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2490Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (430 KB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Bioluminescence,Chemiluminescence Get e-Alerts