gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature measurement of metal-coated silicon wafers by double-pass infrared transmission (1995)

We report the measurement of the temperature of metal-coated silicon wafers by a double-pass infrared transmission technique. Infrared light incident on the backside of the wafer passes through the wafer, and is re-emitted out the backside after reflecting off the metal surface on the front side of the wafer. The temperature is inferred by the change in the re-emitted signal due to absorption in the wafer. The work has been demonstrated on double-polished wafers from 100/spl deg/C to 550/spl deg/C using wavelengths from 1.1 to 1.55 /spl mu/m. A method for overcoming limitations of the present arrangement for wafers with a rough backside is proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ditopic Chemodosimeter for Selective Detection of Nerve Agent Tabun Simulant DCNP (2022)

Abstract Selective optical detection of highly toxic nerve agents and their mimics like diethyl cyanophosphate (DCNP) is of paramount importance for armed forces and first responders in order to decide the suitable medical countermeasures. The reported optical chemical sensors for DCNP suffered from poor selectivity due to their single point covalent interaction with analyte. To overcome this limitation, we herein, report a novel protocol utilizing a ditopic chemodosimeter which, in presence of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), underwent dual interaction with reactive subunits of DCNP, viz ., electrophilic phosphorus and cyanide, to induce unique changes in its fluorescence as well as colorimetric properties. Other interfering analytes could not trigger the similar optical response in the sensing probe due to the absence of electrophilic phosphorus and cyanide. A truth table was constructed to reveal that only DCNP but not other analytes could induce changes in both fluorescence as well as colorimetric properties of sensing probe. The linearity range of the proposed method was found to be 30–70 μM while chromogenic limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 99 nM which are comparable to the reported methods. Thus, use of indigenously available 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde as sensing probe without requiring further chemical manipulation represented a significant improvement over the literature methods for DCNP sensing.
Interaction modeling in automotive applications: A cognitive approach (2011)

In the last decade, the design of smart tools applied to the automotive sector is becoming more and more required to support driving tasks and to increase drivers' safety. In this work, a system for the joint analysis of the on board/off board vehicle context is proposed to derive considerations on the driver's behavior and to detect possible dangerous situations. In particular, a cognitive model is exploited to provide a representation of interactions among the driver, the vehicle and the surrounding environment. Preliminary studies and results are presented concerning such a cognitive approach and the representation of occurring events for situation assessment and management towards maintenance and increasing of driver's safety.
Best Practices for Spatial Profiling for Breast Cancer Research with the GeoMx® Digital Spatial Profiler (2021)

Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease with variability in tumor cells and in the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding the molecular diversity in breast cancer is critical for improving prediction of therapeutic response and prognostication. High-plex spatial profiling of tumors enables characterization of heterogeneity in the breast TME, which can holistically illuminate the biology of tumor growth, dissemination and, ultimately, response to therapy. The GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) enables researchers to spatially resolve and quantify proteins and RNA transcripts from tissue sections. The platform is compatible with both formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and frozen tissues. RNA profiling was developed at the whole transcriptome level for human and mouse samples and protein profiling of 100-plex for human samples. Tissue can be optically segmented for analysis of regions of interest or cell populations to study biology-directed tissue characterization. The GeoMx Breast Cancer Consortium (GBCC) is composed of breast cancer researchers who are developing innovative approaches for spatial profiling to accelerate biomarker discovery. Here, the GBCC presents best practices for GeoMx profiling to promote the collection of high-quality data, optimization of data analysis and integration of datasets to advance collaboration and meta-analyses. Although the capabilities of the platform are presented in the context of breast cancer research, they can be generalized to a variety of other tumor types that are characterized by high heterogeneity.
RESEARCH ARTICLE Traffic Modelling Framework for Electric Vehicles (2012)

This paper reviews and improves a recently proposed model of road network dynamics. The model is also adapted and generalised to represent the patterns of battery consumption of electric vehicles traveling in the road network. Simulations from the mobility simulator SUMO are given to support and to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. Applications relevant in the field of electric vehicles, like optimal routing and traffic load control, are provided to illustrate how the proposed model can be used to address typical problems arising in contemporary road network planning and electric vehicle mobility.
Scaffold of the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitor Carprofen Provides Alzheimer γ-Secretase Modulators (2006)

N-sulfonylated and N-alkylated carprofen derivatives were investigated for their inhibition and modulation of gamma-secretase, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. The introduction of a lipophilic substituent transformed the COX-2 inhibitor carprofen into a potent gamma-secretase modulator. Several compounds (e.g., 9p, 11f) caused selective reduction of Abeta42 and an increase of Abeta38. The most active compounds displayed activities in the low micromolar range and no effect on the gamma-secretase cleavage at the e-site.
Palladium Catalysts for the Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction: An Overview of Recent Advances (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structures and properties of injection‐molded biodegradable poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites prepared with untreated and treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (2013)

Structural, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of low‐loaded (0−1.5 wt%), untreated, and treated (with heat and nitric acid) multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites have been studied. Among all synthesized composites, acid‐treated 1.0 wt% MWCNTs reinforced PLA shows superior tensile strength and modulus to those shown by other samples. All nanocomposites including the pure PLA exhibit the orthorhombic β‐form crystalline structure with low degree of crystallization, as demonstrated by X‐ray diffraction study. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of injection molded samples, respectively, reveals an enhancement of PLA crystallinity by 8% and 14% for untreated and treated nanotubes, relating to the observed improvement in mechanical properties. Nanocomposites show double melting behavior when crystallized nonisothermally by DSC, whilst the pure PLA shows single melting character. Thermogravimetric analysis discloses that the MWCNTs‐loaded sample degraded faster than PLA. Surface resistivity of the nanocomposites is found to be dropped drastically by a factor of 10 13 with a low loading of MWCNTs (1.5 wt%). A detailed discussion and correlation of the observed structures and properties are presented in this study. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:317–326, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure. (1993)

Blockade of the angiotensin II receptor with the antagonist losartan causes vasodilator and neurohormonal effects in patients with congestive heart failure. The lack of additional vasodilator response with doses of more than 25 mg suggests that neurohormonal activation might limit the efficacy of high dose of losartan.
Blend of high‐density polyethylene and a linear low‐density polyethylene with compositional‐invariant mechanical properties (2002)

Abstract This article presents the tensile properties and morphological characteristics of binary blends of the high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and a linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE). Two constituents were melt blended in a single‐screw extruder. Injection‐molded specimens were evaluated for their mechanical properties by employing a Universal tensile tester and the morphological characteristics evaluated by using a differential scanning calorimeter and X‐ray diffractometer. It is interesting to observe that the mechanical properties remained invariant in the 10–90% LLDPE content. More specifically, the yield and breaking stresses of these blends are around 80% of the corresponding values of HDPE. The yield elongation and elongation‐at‐break are around 65% to corresponding values of HDPE and the modulus is 50% away. Furthermore, the melting endotherms and the crystallization exotherms of these blends are singlet in nature. They cluster around the corresponding thermal traces of HDPE. This singlet characteristic in thermal traces entails cocrystallization between these two constituting components. The clustering of thermal traces of blends near HDPE meant HDPE‐type of crystallites were formed. Being nearly similar crystallites of blends to that of HDPE indicates nearness in mechanical properties are observed. The X‐ray diffraction data also corroborate these observations. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2604–2608, 2002
Multipurpose prevention technologies for reproductive and sexual health (2014)

Global statistics on unplanned pregnancies, abortions and STIs show that unprotected sex is still widely practised. More needs to be done to provide women and men with a wider choice of convenient protective options. To address this need, international efforts are focusing on developing multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) that address two or more indications simultaneously. These technologies would have significant advantages over single-indication products. They include inter alia novel barrier devices, drugs administered either as oral tablets or vaginal/rectal gels, drugs used in combination with medical devices, and genetically engineered organisms which secrete antimicrobial substances. As an example of progress in the MPT field, this paper describes an on-demand contraceptive/antimicrobial vaginal gel, Amphora (previously known as Acidform), now in an advanced stage of development. Clinical trials are currently being planned to find out whether this product's promising antimicrobial profile translates into protective and preventive choices.
Predicting 5-Fluorouracil related severe toxicity with DPD functional tests in plasma, fresh saliva and dried saliva samples. (2018)

e14563 Background: This project aimed to evaluate plasma and salivary uracil (U) to dihydrouracil (UH2) ratios as tools for predicting 5-Fluorouracil systemic exposure and drug-related severe toxicity, and clinically validate the use of dried saliva spots (DSS) as an alternative sampling strategy for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency assessment Methods: Pre- chemotherapy plasma, fresh saliva and dried saliva samples were obtained from patients with gastrointestinal malignancies (N = 40) for measurement of endogenous U and UH2 concentrations by LC-MS/MS. A second plasma sample collected during 5FU infusion was used for the determination of 5FU area under the curve (AUC) by HPLC-DAD. Data on toxicity was reported according to CTCAE v. 4.0 Results: 15% of the patients developed severe 5FU-related toxicity, with neutropenia accounting for 67% the cases. U, UH2 and [UH2,]/[U] were highly correlated between fresh and dried saliva samples (rs = 0.960; rs = 0.828; and rs = 0.910, respectively). 5FU AUC ranged from 11.3 to 37.31 mg.h.L-1, with 46.2% of under-dosed and 10.3% over-dosed patients. The [UH2]/[U] ratios in plasma, fresh saliva and dried saliva samples were moderately correlated with 5FU AUC and adverse events grade, indicating a partial contribution of the variables to drug exposure (r = -0.412, rs = -0.373, rs = 0.377) and toxicity (r = -0.363, rs = -0.523, rs = 0.542). Median metabolic ratios were lower in patients with severe toxicity (P < 0.01 for salivary ratios, and P < 0.5 for plasma ratios), and 5FU AUC were in average 47% higher in this group than in moderate toxicity. The diagnostic performance of [UH2]/[U] ratios in fresh saliva and DSS for the identification of patients with severe toxicity were comparable. Conclusions: The [UH2]/[U] metabolic ratios in plasma, fresh saliva and DSS were significantly associated with 5FU systemic exposure and toxicity degree. This study also demonstrated the applicability of DSS as alternative sampling for evaluating DPD activity.
Novel coplanar stripline to slotline transitionon high resistivity silicon (1994)

A novel coplanar stripline (CPS) to slotline transition has been fabricated and characterised on a high resistivity silicon wafer. The CPS and the slotline are on opposite sides of the wafer and are coupled electromagnetically. The coupling takes place at the location were the CPS is terminated in a short circuit. The arc of the short circuit crosses the slotline at right angles. The measured average insertion loss and return loss per transition are better than 1.5 and 10 dB, respectively, with a bandwidth greater than 30 % at 9.5 GHz.
Towards Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Domain-Specific Applications on FPGA (2018)

FPGA becomes a popular technology for implementing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in recent years. Most CNN applications on FPGA are domain-specific, e.g., detecting objects from specific categories, in which commonly-used CNN models pre-trained on general datasets may not be efficient enough. This paper presents TuRF, an end-to-end CNN acceleration framework to efficiently deploy domain-specific applications on FPGA by transfer learning that adapts pre-trained models to specific domains, replacing standard convolution layers with efficient convolution blocks, and applying layer fusion to enhance hardware design performance. We evaluate TuRF by deploying a pre-trained VGG-16 model for a domain-specific image recognition task onto a Stratix V FPGA. Results show that designs generated by TuRF achieve better performance than prior methods for the original VGG-16 and ResNet-50 models, while for the optimised VGG-16 model TuRF designs are more accurate and easier to process.
EXTH-41. THE ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF RF EMF AMPLITUDE-MODULATED (AM RF EMF) AT TUMOR SPECIFIC FREQUENCIES ON GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS (2016)

Whole body administration of low-level radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, amplitude-modulated (AM RF EMF) at specific frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 21 kHz showed efficacy in advanced breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Barbault, Costa et al., 2009, Costa de Oliveira et al., 2011). In vitro studies demonstrated that AM RF EMF treatment inhibits cancer cell growth in a tumor-specific manner (Zimmerman, Pennison et al., 2012). Indeed, the growth of both HCC (HepG2 and Huh7) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was inhibited when exposed to corresponding tumor-specific frequencies for 3 hours per day for 7 days. The GBM cell line U-251 as well as two glioblastoma (GBM) low passage explant cells (BTCOE-4536 and BTCOE-4795) were exposed to 27.12 MHz RF EMF modulated at GBM-specific frequencies using exposure systems designed to replicate human exposure levels. Control cells were not exposed to RF EMF. GBM cells were cultured for seven days receiving GBM-specific treatment for three hours daily. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of AM RF EMF was 0.4 W/kg, which is identical to the highest SAR measured in patients receiving treatment with this therapy. Proliferation was quantified via the tritiated thymidine incorporation assay. Neurosphere-formation was counted at 7 days post treatment. Statistics were performed by student’s T-test. The growth of U-251, BTCOE 4536 and BTCOE 4795 cell lines was decreased by 19% (N=10; p=0.0018), 23% (N=4; p=0.0348) and 14.5% (N=10; p=0.0431) following exposure to tumor-specific AM RF EMF. Neurosphere-forming ability of the U-251 and BTCOE-4795 cell lines was inhibited by 48.0% (N=6; p=0.0040) and 31.7% (N=6; p=0.0002) following exposure to tumor-specific AM RF EMF. GBM-specific AM RF EMF inhibits proliferation of three different GBM cell lines and neurosphere-forming ability which suggests that AM RF EMF should be further studied as a potentially new treatment modality of GBM.
Thermodynamic Properties of the Structural Analogues Benzo[c]cinnoline, Trans-azobenzene, and Cis-azobenzene (1977)

Article Thermodynamic Properties of the Structural Analogues Benzo[c]cinnoline, Trans-azobenzene, and Cis-azobenzene was published on January 1, 1977 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 107, issue 1).
Rapid computational identification of the targets of protein kinase inhibitors. (2006)

This review focuses primarily on computational methods for predicting the selectivity of small-molecule inhibitors of protein kinases. A detailed discussion is presented of two computational studies that have attempted to make inhibitor selectivity predictions on a kinome-wide scale, and studies describing other methodologies that might potentially be applied to this area are also outlined. As the availability of reliable experimental data measuring inhibitor binding affinities (as opposed to the degree of inhibition of the kinase reaction) is important for the development and validation of most computational methods, recent advances in the large-scale experimental acquisition of selectivity data are also discussed, and a comparison of recently published computational selectivity predictions against a large-scale experimental screen is provided.
Periodate oxidation of cellulose by homogeneous reaction (1989)

Abstract Homogeneous periodate oxidation of cellulose was achieved through methylol cellulose. The dissolution of methylol cellulose into aqueous periodate solution was followed by the gradual decomposition of methylol groups at random sites along the methylol cellulose chain. The recovery of glycol hydroxyl groups at the C 2 and C 3 positions on the glucopyranose ring during the above decomposition process caused uniform cleavage of C 2 C 3 bonds by the periodate ion. The oxidation level reached nearly 100% in 10 h. The reduced product of the resulting dialdehyde cellulose, i.e., dialcohol cellulose, resulted in mechanical properties quite different from those of conventional dialcohol cellulose. Examination of the thermal deformation and tensile properties revealed that no notable cellulose degradation occurred during the reaction. Our dialcohol cellulose gave a clear and transparent film with a flexible nature.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenolic Compounds in Edible Species of the Anacardiaceae Family — A Review (2015)

Abstract Review: 160 refs.
Effect of Thymine-5-Bromouracil Substitution on F Pili (1974)

The effect of thymine-5-bromouracil substitution on the regeneration and length of F pili produced by an F(+)Lac(+)/Lac(-)Thy(-) strain of Escherichia coli was studied by electron microscopy. When 5-bromouracil (5BU) incorporation into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was maximal, the modal length of the pilus doubled and the number of pili per cell was approximately 50% that of thymine-grown cells. The ability of 5BU-grown cells to form mating pairs and to be infected by ribonucleic acid (R17) and DNA (M13) male-specific phages was also reduced by approximately 50%. Loss of function was not due to loss of sex factor as 5BU cells retained a sex factor that was susceptible to curing by acridine orange. Elongation of pili on 5BU-grown cells was more sensitive to irradiation at 253.7 nm than on thymine-grown cells, suggesting that DNA is the sensitive target.
Rapid assessment of microbiological purity of dialysis water: the promise of solid-phase cytometry assessment and the epifluorescence microscopy method (2011)

assessment of glomerular density) and lower glomerular density score. Interestingly, glomeruli with segmental sclerosis, included in the glomerular density metric, were also more common in the group with lower glomerular density (2 versus 0.2%.) The infrequent and highly variable presence of segmental sclerosis likely underlies the lack of statistically significant difference in sclerosis between groups with higher versus lower glomerular density. Exclusion of patients with decreased renal function at time of biopsy likely explains why this lesion was so rare. Not surprisingly, interstitial fibrosis >10% was linked to lower glomerular density than interstitial fibrosis < 10%, with similar distinction when the interstitial fibrosis threshold was set at 20%. Yet, these variables of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy did not predict outcome in univariate or multivariate analysis nor did global sclerosis per se .T he robust predictive value of the simple metric of glomerular density thus may have complex underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that may not be easy to unravel. Nonetheless, in this group of patients who were indistinguishable at the onset, this information, in conjunction with a response of proteinuria to therapeutic intervention, significantly contributed to identification of patients with poor prognosis. Regardless of the causality of the decrease in number of glomeruli relative to cortical area, this simple technique may offer additional guidance to identify patients in whom we should target our most aggressive interventions.
Mucho más que una Ley: el cuarto pilar del Estado de Bienestar (2011)

La atencion a la dependencia es una tarea prioritaria en la sociedad del bienestar. Cada vez son mas frecuentes las situaciones de falta de autonomia personal debido a la mayor esperanza de vida de la poblacion y a los avances cientificos. Y tambien cada vez con mayor frecuencia, el entorno familiar tiene mas dificultades para hacerse cargo del cuidado y atencion de las personas dependientes con la incorporacion de la mujer al mercado laboral, que era quien en una buena parte lo hacia.