gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-spectral smart retina (1994)

Abstract : To make FPAs 'smart' is to associate analog and digital signal processing electronics as intimately as possible with the detector arrays. The challenge is that there isn't enough room for the amount of signal processing required. With system requirements advancing to even higher resolution, planar FPA technologies have only the detector area available and this area is as low as one thousandth of an inch (one mil) on a side. Z-plane technology overcomes this problem by providing 2OOO mil of area in the Z-direction behind each detector. However, Z-plane technology can currently only achieve four mil resolution. Thus, the challenge! A compromise must be found between the degree of parallelism in the signal processing and the resolution achievable. Irvine Sensors has achieved the first step of a two stage process. A new IC for improving detector resolution for multi-spectral imaging has been made and is called the Multi-Spectral Smart Retina (MSSR). The second step is to bump bond this detector to a Z-plane module that has large processing power. The purpose of this paper is to report on the initial technical results of the Multi- Spectral Smart Retina.
Commentary on “Apoptosis, p53, and Tumor Cell Sensitivity to Anticancer Agents” (2016)

Visit the Cancer Research 75th Anniversary [timeline][1].

See related article by Brown and Wouters, [Cancer Res 1999;59:1391–9][2] .

In 1999, a review on apoptosis, p53, and tumor cell sensitivity to anticancer agents was published in Cancer Research ([1][3]). TP53 is one of the most commonly
Cooperative assistance for remote robot supervision (2002)

This paper describes current work on the design of a computer system which provides cooperative assistance for the supervision of remote semi-autonomous robots. It consists of a blackboard-based framework which allows communication between the remote robot, the local human supervisor, and an intelligent mediating system, which aids interactive exception handling when the remote robot requires the assistance of the local operator.
Detection of the Rotating Cutting Tool Failure with an Acoustic Emission Sensor. (1994)

This study focuses on the detection of rotating cutting tool failure and proposes a method using an acoustic emission (AE) sensor to detect chipping of the cutting edge on the end-mill cutter and cutting tool breakage of the twist drilling cutter. In order to detect the AE signal from the rotating cutting tool, the AE sensor is coupled with the cutting fluid supply system and the cutting fluid is used as the medium which transmits the AE signal. This sensor system was designed through a series of frequency response measurements of the AE signal in fluid flow. In the frequency characteristics of the AE signal when the chipped tool is used, characteristic peaks are observed at the frequency which is associated with the rotational frequency of the spindle and its harmonic frequency. Using this phenomenon, a practical algorithm for detecting cutting edge chipping has been developed. A practical method is also proposed to detect twist drill breakage.
Dynamic Rate and Channel Selection in Cognitive Radio Systems (2014)

In this paper, we investigate dynamic channel and rate selection in cognitive radio systems which exploit a large number of channels free from primary users. In such systems, transmitters may rapidly change the selected (channel, rate) pair to opportunistically learn and track the pair offering the highest throughput. We formulate the problem of sequential channel and rate selection as an online optimization problem, and show its equivalence to a {\it structured} Multi-Armed Bandit problem. The structure stems from inherent properties of the achieved throughput as a function of the selected channel and rate. We derive fundamental performance limits satisfied by {\it any} channel and rate adaptation algorithm, and propose algorithms that achieve (or approach) these limits. In turn, the proposed algorithms optimally exploit the inherent structure of the throughput. We illustrate the efficiency of our algorithms using both test-bed and simulation experiments, in both stationary and non-stationary radio environments. In stationary environments, the packet successful transmission probabilities at the various channel and rate pairs do not evolve over time, whereas in non-stationary environments, they may evolve. In practical scenarios, the proposed algorithms are able to track the best channel and rate quite accurately without the need of any explicit measurement and feedback of the quality of the various channels.
New Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Polymers Derived from AB2 and AB Monomers via Sonogashira Coupling Reaction (2010)

Abstract In this paper, a facile route was designed to prepare a new AB 2 ‐type polymer P1 via simple Sonogashira coupling reaction, also its corresponding linear analog ( P2 ) was obtained from AB monomer for comparison. Despite the relatively lower loading density of the effective chromophore moieties, P1 demonstrated higher second‐harmonic coefficient (153.9 pm · V −1 ) than that of P2 (98.2 pm · V −1 ), due to the three‐dimensional spatial isolation effect of the hyperbranched structure. The good results of P2 also indicated that the ladder shape may help to solve the problem existing in main‐chain polymers, the low poling efficiency. magnified image
Quantifying the Benefit of Prehospital Rapid Treatment in Acute Stroke (2015)

Reducing the OTT has robust beneficial effects for acute stroke patients. Prehospital tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment without brain imaging may become conceivable under several preconditions, including a point-of-care test with >75% to 80% sensitivity to detect intracerebral hemorrhage and a time gain of >32 to 40 minutes. Ethical implications remain to be addressed.
Masses and Distances of Planetary Microlens Systems with High Angular\n Resolution Imaging (2019)

Microlensing is the only method that can detect and measure mass of wide\norbit, low mass, solar system analog exoplanets. Mass measurements of such\nplanets would yield massive science on planet formation, exoplanet\ndemographics, free floating planets, planet frequencies towards the galaxy.\nHigh res follow-up observations of past microlens targets provide a mass\nmeasurement of microlens planets and hosts at an uncertainty of &lt;20%. This will\nbe primary method for mass measurement with WFIRST. We advocate for the fact\nthat high resolution observations with AO, HST and JWST(in future) remain\nnecessary in coming decade to develop the methods, to determine the field and\nfilter selection, understand the systematics and to develop a robust pipeline\nto release high quality data products from WFIRST microlensing survey such that\nthe astronomy community can promptly engage in the science. We also support\nfuture high res obs with US ELTs with advanced Laser AO systems in context of\nenhancing the science return of WFIRST microlensing survey.\n We endorse the 2018 Exoplanet Science Strategy report published by the\nNational Academy. This white paper extends and complements the material\npresented therein. In particular, this white paper supports the recommendation\nof the National Academy Exoplanet Science Strategy report that: NASA should\nlaunch WFIRST to conduct its microlensing survey of distant planets and to\ndemonstrate the technique of coronagraphic spectroscopy on exoplanet targets.\nThis white paper also supports to the finding from that report which states "A\nnumber of activities, including precursor and concurrent observations using\nground- and space-based facilities, would optimize the scientific yield of the\nWFIRST microlensing survey."\n
Laser Ablation Mechanism Of Silicon Nitride Layers In A Nanosecond UV Regime (2012)

Selective laser ablation of silicon nitride (SiNx) layers is a crucial technological step to achieve alternative front side metallization like electrochemical contact. In this work, we discuss the mechanism of laser ablation with a nanosecond UV laser source. A model with two thresholds corresponding to the melting threshold of silicon and the ablation threshold of silicon nitride is proposed. A finite element method is used to solve the heat transfer equation and describe the ablated SiNx surface for a single laser pulse. Numerical results are compared to optical microscopy measurements of the ablated zone.
Synthesis of β‐(1→2)‐Linked Oligomannosides (2009)

Abstract β‐(1→2)‐Linked oligomannosides constitute an important class of carbohydrate structures located on the cell surface of several Candida species, including C. albicans . As a result of the immunostimulating properties of such compounds, the upscaling of their synthesis is relevant. In this paper, a highly stereoselective synthesis of β‐(1→2)‐linked oligomannosides was performed by further development of and modifications to the methodologies described earlier in the literature. In addition to the synthesis of fully deprotected β‐(1→2)‐linked mannobiose and mannotriose, some preliminary modifications to the oligosaccharide core, resulting in close analogues with biological potential, are presented. The fully deprotected products form potential targets for screening against C. albicans and may also result in new model structures for vaccine development.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Tunable optical wavelength deinterleaver based on tunable MEMS blazed gratings (2004)

We describe an optical wavelength deinterleaver with channel spacing of 850 GHz. The tuning element is a MEMS blazed grating with an adjustable period. Continuous tuning of the center wavelength across the full free spectral range of 13.65 nm and cyclic switching of the output channels are demonstrated.
Pleiotropic Effects of GacA on Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 In Vitro and in Soil (2013)

Pseudomonas species can exhibit phenotypic variation resulting from gacS or gacA mutation. P. fluorescens Pf0-1 is a gacA mutant and exhibits pleiotropic changes following the introduction of a functional allele. GacA enhances biofilm development while reducing dissemination in soil, suggesting that alternative Gac phenotypes enable Pseudomonas sp. to exploit varied environments.
Crystal structures reveal catalytic and regulatory mechanisms of the dual-specificity ubiquitin/FAT10 E1 enzyme Uba6 (2022)

The E1 enzyme Uba6 initiates signal transduction by activating ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-like protein FAT10 in a two-step process involving sequential catalysis of adenylation and thioester bond formation. To gain mechanistic insights into these processes, we determined the crystal structure of a human Uba6/ubiquitin complex. Two distinct architectures of the complex are observed: one in which Uba6 adopts an open conformation with the active site configured for catalysis of adenylation, and a second drastically different closed conformation in which the adenylation active site is disassembled and reconfigured for catalysis of thioester bond formation. Surprisingly, an inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) molecule binds to a previously unidentified allosteric site on Uba6. Our structural, biochemical, and biophysical data indicate that InsP6 allosterically inhibits Uba6 activity by altering interconversion of the open and closed conformations of Uba6 while also enhancing its stability. In addition to revealing the molecular mechanisms of catalysis by Uba6 and allosteric regulation of its activities, our structures provide a framework for developing Uba6-specific inhibitors and raise the possibility of allosteric regulation of other E1s by naturally occurring cellular metabolites.
AFS design on FPGA for automobiles (2014)

AFS system or Automatic front light system is an add-on feature in the modern vehicles which improved the safety of vehicle drivers and passengers travelling at night by providing intelligent illumination thus reducing driver fatigue. FPGA is considered as a boon for the design engineers and is better considered now in many military applications because of its sustainability and efficiency to work in harsh environments. In this paper we have designed an AFS system on FPGA keeping the conventional light pattern to improve illumination at night and the safety of the users. This system uses DPWM technique with high resolution which provides us with better control over beam patterns and intensity of the headlamps.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of monocyclic aziridines with dimethyl 1-cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylate (1994)

The thermally induced [2 + 3] cycloadditions of certain monocyclic aziridines to dimethyl 1-cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylate are described. The structures of the resulting bicyclic adducts were established unambiguously by X-ray analyses. The stereochemistries of the [2 + 3] adducts were interpreted in terms of dipole–dipole interactions and secondary orbital interactions. In certain cases an initial thermal conrotatory ring opening of the cyclobutene to 2,3-di(methoxycarbonyl)-1,3-butadiene precedes the [2 + 3] cycloaddition, affording the unexpected pyrrolidine adducts 12a and 12b. The structures and stereochemistries of the latter established by X-ray analysis strongly suggest that secondary orbital interactions between the phenyl and ester groups control and stereochemistry of the reactions.
A SoPC architecture for nearest-neighbor based learning and recognition (2014)

This paper proposes an efficient and flexible nearest-neighbor-based learning and recognition system on a programmable chip. The nearest neighbor search (NNS), which is a common computational problem in pattern recognition, is to find the minimal distance among all distances between an unknown sample and the complete set of the often high-dimensional reference database. In this paper, a reference optimization learning stage based on NNS is used to reduce the storage space of references and to speed-up the recognition. For efficiently solving the NNS computational problem, we present a specialized hardware implementation with p-component-parallel word-serial pipelined architecture based on the DSP blocks in Stratix FPGA device, used as NNS co-processor. For flexibility, the FPGA embedded processor, Altera's Nios II processor, is used for reference optimization which is the higher level part in the learning stage. Due to the hardware and embedded software cooperation, high-speed learning and recognition based on NNS can be carried out on a programmable FPGA.
Magnetic properties of GaAs/Fe core/shell nanowires (2013)

We describe the magnetic properties of nanoscale Fe shells grown on GaAs nanowires (NWs) by molecular beam epitaxy. The ferromagnetic character of these tubular Fe shells has been confirmed by dc magnetization measurements, and is further studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and off-axis electron holography (EH).
Multifunctional Hierarchically-Assembled Hydrogel Particles with Pollen Grains via Pickering Suspension Polymerization (2018)

Hierarchical assembly of heterogeneous particles is of great importance to interface and colloid science. In this work, a facile but powerful approach for the large-scale production of multifunctional hydrogel particles armored with biological colloidal species is developed by combining Pickering stabilization and photopolymerization. Biocompatible hollow pollen grains extracted from naturally occurring pollen species with an average diameter of ∼32 μm serve as universal solid emulsifiers dispersed in an oil phase and are self-assembled at the interface between an oil phase and a photo-cross-linkable hydrogel to make water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion droplets. While droplets are solidified into hydrogel particles by UV-induced free-radical polymerization, self-assembled hollow pollen grains are transformed to a robust shell on hydrogel particles with supracolloidal structures. The physically adsorbed hollow pollen grains on the hydrogel core can be released by a hydration-induced swelling of hollow pollen grains, leading to a transient floating behavior of core-shell particles. The size of the resultant core-shell particles is easily controlled by tailoring the process parameters such as a liquid volume or a loading mass of hollow pollen grains. The incorporation of magnetic or upconverting luminescent nanoparticles into a hydrogel core successfully expands the functionality of core-shell particles that can provide new design opportunities for floating drug delivery or ecofriendly proppants.
Hierarchical Over-the-Air Federated Edge Learning (2022)

Federated learning (FL) over wireless communication channels, specifically, over-the-air (OTA) model aggregation framework is considered. In OTA wireless setups, the adverse channel effects can be alleviated by increasing the number of receive antennas at the parameter server (PS), which performs model aggregation. However, the performance of OTA FL is severely limited by the presence of mobile users (MUs) located far away from the PS. In this paper, to mitigate this limitation, we propose hierarchical over-the-air federated learning (HOTAFL), which utilizes intermediary servers (IS) to form clusters near MUs. We provide a convergence analysis for the proposed setup, and demonstrate through experimental results that local aggregation in each cluster before global aggregation leads to a better performance and faster convergence than OTA FL.
Structure and Promoter Characterization of the Human Stromelysin-3 Gene (1995)

In the present study, we have isolated the human stromelysin-3 (ST3) gene which encodes a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expressed in fibroblastic cells of tissues associated with intense remodeling. The gene was found to span 11.5 kilobases (kb) including 8 exons and 7 introns. The genomic organization of ST3 gene exons is well conserved compared to other members of the MMP family, except for the 3 last exons corresponding to the hemopexin-like domain and to a long 3'-untranslated region. The transcription initiation site was located 31 nucleotides downstream of a TATA box. Analysis of 1.4 kb of 5'-flanking DNA sequence in the ST3 gene promoter revealed the presence of putative regulatory elements, but no consensus sequence for AP1-binding site in contrast to other MMP promoters. However, a specific cis-acting retinoic acid responsive element of the DR1 type was identified in the proximal region (-385) of the ST3 gene promoter. Transient transfection experiments demonstrated that a minimal promotor activity could be modulated by various sequences within the 3.4 kb of 5'-flanking region, and that the ST3 promoter was transactivated by retinoic acid receptors in the presence of retinoic acid. These findings indicate that the human ST3 gene promoter is characterized by structural and functional features which differ from those previously described in other MMP promoters, and further supports the possibility that ST3 gene expression is controlled by specific factors during tissue remodeling.
The quail genome: insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response (2020)

We have produced a high-quality genome of the quail which will facilitate further studies into diverse research questions using the quail as a model avian species.
Synthesis and antimicrobial, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of novel ester and hydrazide derivatives of 3 (2H)-pyridazinone (2011)

In the current study, some novel ethyl 6- [(substituted-phenylpiperazine]-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl propionate III and 6-[(substituted-phenylpiperazine]-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl propionohydrazide IV derivatives were synthesized as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. The structures of these new pyridazinone derivatives were confirmed by their IR, 1H-NMR spectra and elementary analysis. 6-Substituted-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl propionate IIIa-e derivatives showed significant inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE. 6-[4-(3-Trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine]-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl propionate IIIe has been found to be the most active compound in terms of inhibition of either AChE or BChE. Compound IIIe exhibited inhibitory activity close to that of galantamine (CAS 357-70-0) and did not show any selectivity between the two enzymes. Also the antimicrobial activities of III and IV derivatives have been evaluated. All III and IV derivatives exhibited poor antibacterial activities but moderate antifungal activities.
Supercritical fuel deposition mechanisms (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fuel deposition mechanismsTim Edwards and Steven ZabarnickCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 12, 3117–3122Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00024a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00024a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views982Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of vascular calcification by inositol phosphates derivatized with ethylene glycol oligomers (2020)

Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is a natural product known to inhibit vascular calcification (VC), but with limited potency and low plasma exposure following bolus administration. Here we report the design of a series of inositol phosphate analogs as crystallization inhibitors, among which 4,6-di-O-(methoxy-diethyleneglycol)-myo-inositol-1,2,3,5-tetrakis(phosphate), (OEG<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-IP4, displays increased in vitro activity, as well as more favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles than IP6 after subcutaneous injection. (OEG<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-IP4 potently stabilizes calciprotein particle (CPP) growth, consistently demonstrates low micromolar activity in different in vitro models of VC (i.e., human serum, primary cell cultures, and tissue explants), and largely abolishes the development of VC in rodent models, while not causing toxicity related to serum calcium chelation. The data suggest a mechanism of action independent of the etiology of VC, whereby (OEG<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-IP4 disrupts the nucleation and growth of pathological calcification.