gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ameboid microglia as effectors of inflammation in the central nervous system (1987)

Techniques for selective isolation, labeling, stimulation, and destruction of ameboid microglia allow study of some fundamental questions in neuroimmunology. Examination of surface morphology, proliferative capacity, and cytochemistry suggests that microglia are a class of brain mononuclear phagocytes distinct from blood monocytes, spleen macrophages, or resident peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, cultured ameboid microglia isolated from newborn brain can be induced to grow thin cytoplasmic projections several hundred microns in length; these process-bearing cells resemble a differentiated form of microglia found in adult brain. Ameboid microglia may contribute to brain inflammation by engulfing debris, by releasing cytotoxins, by killing neighboring cells, and by secreting astroglial growth factors. Importantly, ameboid microglia are closely tied to a network of immunomodulators that include colony-stimulating factors and Interleukin-1. The presence of activated microglia during normal embryogenesis and at sites of penetrating brain injury suggests that these cells serve as important effectors linking the immune system with growth and repair of the CNS.
The prospective payment system: implications for therapeutic recreation. (1986)

In 1983, medicare began paying general hospitals by a prospective payment system based on diagnostically-related groupings (DRGs). The majority of therapeutic recreation settings (including psychiatric hospitals, rehabilitation centers, long-term care hospitals, and children's hospitals) have been exempted. However, in 1985, a plan and subsequent decision will be made on how to integrate these settings into this new system. This article provides an historical review of the medicare program, the rationale behind this new system, the method for implementing the DRGs, and the implications and strategies for therapeutic recreation.
5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural modifies intracellular sickle haemoglobin and inhibits sickling of red blood cells†,‡ (2005)

In an attempt to find new types of anti-sickling agents that specifically bind to intracellular sickle haemoglobin (HbS) without inhibition by plasma and tissue proteins or other undesirable consequences, we identified 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5HMF), a naturally occurring aromatic aldehyde, as an agent that fulfils this criterion. Preliminary studies in vitro showed that 5HMF forms a high-affinity Schiff-base adduct with HbS and inhibits red cell sickling by allosterically shifting oxygen equilibrium curves towards the left. Further studies with transgenic (Tg) sickle mice showed that orally administered 5HMF was rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract without being destroyed, traversed the red blood cell membrane and specifically bound with, and modified, HbS molecules at levels as high as 90%. Pretreatment of Tg sickle mice with 5HMF inhibited the formation of sickle cells and significantly prolonged survival time under severe hypoxia, compared with untreated mice, which died within 15 min because of sickling-dependent pulmonary sequestration. These results indicate the feasibility of 5HMF as an attractive potential candidate for therapy of sickle cell disease.
Microarray analysis identifies coding and non-coding RNA markers of liver injury in whole body irradiated mice (2023)

Radiation injury from medical, accidental, or intentional sources can induce acute and long-term hepatic dysregulation, fibrosis, and cancer. This long-term hepatic dysregulation decreases quality of life and may lead to death. Our goal in this study is to determine acute changes in biological pathways and discover potential RNA biomarkers predictive of radiation injury. We performed whole transcriptome microarray analysis of mouse liver tissue (C57BL/6 J) 48 h after whole-body irradiation with 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 Gray to identify significant expression changes in mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs, We also validated changes in specific RNAs through qRT-PCR. We used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify pathways associated with gene expression changes. We observed significant dysregulation of multiple mRNAs across all doses. In contrast, miRNA dysregulation was observed upwards of 2 Gray. The most significantly upregulated mRNAs function as tumor suppressors: Cdkn1a, Phlda3, and Eda2r. The most significantly downregulated mRNAs were involved in hemoglobin synthesis, inflammation, and mitochondrial function including multiple members of Hbb and Hba. The most significantly upregulated miRNA included: miR-34a-5p, miR-3102-5p, and miR-3960, while miR-342-3p, miR-142a-3p, and miR-223-3p were most significantly downregulated. IPA predicted activation of cell cycle checkpoint control pathways and inhibition of pathways relevant to inflammation and erythropoietin. Clarifying expression of mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA at a short time point (48 h) offers insight into potential biomarkers, including radiation markers shared across organs and animal models. This information, once validated in human models, can aid in development of bio-dosimetry biomarkers, and furthers our understanding of acute pathway dysregulation.
Engine Bearing Oil Film Thickness Measurement and Oil Rheologh - an ASTM Task Force Report (1990)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Task Force was formed in 1984 to: 1) establish a series of reference oils, 2) measure the minimum bearing oil film thicknesses provided by the oils in fired engines, and 3) interpret the results in terms of oil rheological properties. Minimum oil film thickness (MOFT) measurement and analysis techniques using a capacitance method were developed. At steady-state operating conditions, laboratories evaluated a matrix of eighteen monograde and multigrade oils, blended with four widely-used viscosity index improvers (VIIs). Analyses showed increasingly better correlations between MOFTs and viscosities of both single grade and multigrade oils as temperatures and shear rates used to calculate viscosities more-closely approximated in-bearing conditions.&lt;/div&gt;
Normal mode mixing and ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (2002)

The normal modes of an inhomogeneous thin film are obtained by diagonalization of the perturbed Hamiltonian. The resulting modes are mixtures of the spin-wave modes and the uniform mode. We find that the ferromagnetic resonance intensity spectrum of the diagonalized system has a Lorentzian profile, and that the results correspond to the two-magnon model for weak perturbations. For stronger perturbations, the density of states is smoothed, and the spectrum becomes asymmetric due to the low-frequency cutoff of the spin-wave manifold. The technique is expected to be valid for perturbation amplitudes that are large enough to invalidate the assumptions of the two-magnon model.
Detection of a Yersinia pestis gene homologue in rodent samples (2016)

A homologue to a widely used genetic marker, pla, for Yersinia pestis has been identified in tissue samples of two species of rat ( Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus ) and of mice ( Mus musculus and Apodemus sylvaticus ) using a microarray based platform to screen for zoonotic pathogens of interest. Samples were from urban locations in the UK (Liverpool) and Canada (Vancouver). The results indicate the presence of an unknown bacterium that shares a homologue with Yersinia pestis .
Structure and stability of the AlX and AlX− species (1999)

The electronic and geometrical structures of the ground and low-lying excited states of the diatomic AlX and AlX− series (X=H, Li, Be, B, C, N, O, and F) are calculated by the coupled-cluster method with all singles and doubles and noniterative inclusion of triples using a large atomic natural orbital basis. All the ground-state AlX molecules except for AlF can attach an additional electron and form ground-state AlX− anions. The ground-state AlBe−, AlB−, AlC−, AlN−, and AlO− anions possess excited states that are stable toward autodetachment of an extra electron; AlBe− also has a second excited state. Low-lying excited states of all AlX but AlN can attach an extra electron and form anionic states that are stable with respect to their neutral (excited) parent states. The ground-state AlLi−, AlBe−, AlB−, AlN−, and AlO− anions are found to be thermodynamically more stable than their neutral parents. The most stable is AlO−, whose dissociation energy to Al+O− is 6.4 eV. Correspondingly, AlO possesses the largest electron affinity (2.65 eV) in the series.
Enhanced Multiphase Flow Predictions In Twin-Screw Pumps (2004)

is the Manager of Engineering for Flowserve
Sport unter oraler Antikoagulation bei Vorhofflimmern (2017)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia in man and the number of patients withindication for oral anticoagulation (OAC) is steadily increasing.According to the European Guidelines,athletes with AF and OAC are excluded from competitive sports with a risk of bodily collision or trauma, according to the American Guidelines from high-impact contact sports. Due to better clinical traceability, the authors recommend the use of the European Guidelines in everyday clinical practice.There is evidence that patients treated with OAC avoid physical activity, including recreational sports, for fear of bleeding complications. However, a good stateof physical health decreases the risk of falling, the general bleeding risk and risk of fall-related bleeding. Thus, eligibility for recreational sports participation has to be evaluated individually taking into accountthe whole clinical situationand also type of sports. From a practical or numerical point of view, evaluation of patients with OAC whowant to perform alpine skiing isof special importance. The approach of interruptingOAC during ski holidays is not evidence based and thus cannot be recommended.In light of the high relevance of the topic in everyday clinical practice, further clinical data on sports and OAC areurgentlyrequired. Afirst step could be the scientific evaluation of the approach often performed in alpine skiing sports, for example in terms of a clinical registry.KEY WORDS: Atrial Fibrillation, Physical Activity, Sports, Oral Anticoagulation, Training
Healthcare Facility Access Challenges for Conducting User Research (2017)

Historically it has not been terribly difficult for researchers to gain access to healthcare facilities to conduct user research such as contextual inquiry and workflow analysis. Today, some practitioners are finding it nearly impossible to get into facilities. One reason is that hospitals are getting progressively more risk-averse regarding patient confidentiality and patient safety and are less willing to have outsiders in the hospital, especially in procedure rooms. Another reason is a lack of understanding regarding how to coordinate with offices of compliance and institutional review boards (IRBs), and the fact that IRBs typically are set up to manage clinical trials rather than human factors research. The purpose of this panel was to raise awareness of healthcare access challenges, discuss solutions, and propose some best practices.
Iridium catalysed C2 site-selective methylation of indoles using a pivaloyl directing group through weak chelation-assistance (2023)

Here we present an iridium catalysed C2-selective methylation of indoles using methyltrifluoroborate as a source of methyl group. The iridium catalyst selectively discriminates the indole C2 and C4 C-H bonds by coordination with a pivaloyl directing group.
Ties in Proximity and Clustering Compounds (2000)

Hierarchical clustering algorithms such as Wards or complete-link are commonly used in compound selection and diversity analysis. Many such applications utilize binary representations of chemical structures, such as MACCS keys or Daylight fingerprints, and dissimilarity measures, such as the Euclidean or the Soergel measure. However, hierarchical clustering algorithms can generate ambiguous results owing to what is known in the cluster analysis literature as the ties in proximity problem, i.e., compounds or clusters of compounds that are equidistant from a compound or cluster in a given collection. Ambiguous ties can occur when clustering only a few hundred compounds, and the larger the number of compounds to be clustered, the greater the chance for significant ambiguity. Namely, as the number of "ties in proximity" increases relative to the total number of proximities, the possibility of ambiguity also increases. To ensure that there are no ambiguous ties, we show by a probabilistic argument that the number of compounds needs to be less than 2(n 1/4), where n is the total number of proximities, and the measure used to generate the proximities creates a uniform distribution without statistically preferred values. The common measures do not produce uniformly distributed proximities, but rather statistically preferred values that tend to increase the number of ties in proximity. Hence, the number of possible proximities and the distribution of statistically preferred values of a similarity measure, given a bit vector representation of a specific length, are directly related to the number of ties in proximities for a given data set. We explore the ties in proximity problem, using a number of chemical collections with varying degrees of diversity, given several common similarity measures and clustering algorithms. Our results are consistent with our probabilistic argument and show that this problem is significant for relatively small compound sets.
A New Method for Trace Metal Determinations by Monitoring Modulated Magnetically Induced Optical Rotation in Atomic Vapours (1988)

Abstract : A new atomic magneto-optical rotation spectrometer (AMORS) for the determination of trace metals is described. This instrument differs from previous AMORS devices by utilizing an electronically variable optical retardation element to modulate polarisation and a phase meter for detection of the analytical signal. Preliminary detection limits for Li, K and Mg are comparable to those reported for atomic absorption spectrometry under similar analysis conditions. Furthermore, this novel method of signal detection is insensitive to changes in the light intensity transmitted through the atomizer. Experimental evidence suggests that the spectral bandwidth of the radiation source and the range over which the optical retardation element is varied can significantly affect detection limits. Keywords: Coherent forward scattering, Atomic faraday effect, Elemental analysis.
Real Electromagnetics For Real Engineers Really! (2020)

This paper describes a sequence of classes -Engineering Electromagnetics I and II that is offered every Fall semester to Junior-level Electrical & Computer Engineering students at Rowan University. The instructors were motivated by a strong desire to make the learning of electromagnetics relevant -not only to other concurrent and subsequent engineering classes that the students take, but also to post-baccalaureate experiences in industry and graduate school. Moreover, since this course has long been feared by students as one of the toughest in the curriculum, the instructors tried to make leaning electromagnetics fun. Instructional techniques that were employed by the professors were based on a significant laboratory component that included numerical modeling, visualization and experimentation. This paper describes classroom/laboratory activity during the Fall 2000 semester offering of this course sequence.
Broadband and miniaturised LTCC quadrature hybrid using stacked multi-section structure (2012)

A broadband low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) quadrature hybrid using a stacked multi-section structure is proposed. The idea of placing multi-sections vertically on each LTCC layer is implemented to achieve broadband characteristics and miniaturised area. The overall dimensions of the proposed hybrid are only 9.5 × 8 × 0.9 mm and it achieves a size reduction of 80%. Measured S11, S21, S31, S41 and phase error from 90° are better than −12, −3.5, −3.5, −15 dB and 0.8° from 4 to 6 GHz, respectively.
The Blomia tropicalis Allergens (2007)

Blomia tropicalis allergens are the most important mite allergens in tropical regions. Most of them only have 30-40% sequence identity with their Dermatophagoides counterparts and they share low IgE cross reactivity and exhibit different immunobiology. Unlike the pyroglyphid counterparts, Blo t 5 is the major allergen whereas Blo t 1 only has modest allergenicity.
Cytomegalovirus-Driven Adaptive-Like Natural Killer Cell Expansions Are Unaffected by Concurrent Chronic Hepatitis Virus Infections (2017)

Adaptive-like expansions of natural killer (NK) cell subsets are known to occur in response to human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. These expansions are typically made up of NKG2C<sup>+</sup> NK cells with particular killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) expression patterns. Such NK cell expansion patterns are also seen in patients with viral hepatitis infection. Yet, it is not known if the viral hepatitis infection promotes the appearance of such expansions or if effects are solely attributed to underlying CMV infection. In sizeable cohorts of CMV seropositive hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infected patients, we analyzed NK cells for expression of NKG2A, NKG2C, CD57, and inhibitory KIRs to assess the appearance of NK cell expansions characteristic of what has been seen in CMV seropositive healthy individuals. Adaptive-like NK cell expansions observed in viral hepatitis patients were strongly associated with CMV seropositivity. The number of subjects with these expansions did not differ between CMV seropositive viral hepatitis patients and corresponding healthy controls. Hence, we conclude that adaptive-like NK cell expansions observed in HBV, HCV, and/or HDV infected individuals are not caused by the chronic hepatitis infections <i>per se</i>, but rather are a consequence of underlying CMV infection.
40. Aspects of stereochemistry. Part III. Acidic and basic hydrolysis of some diol cyclic sulphates and related compounds (1960)

J. S. Brimacombe, A. B. Foster, E. B. Hancock, W. G. Overend and M. Stacey, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 201 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600000201
Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor-Inducible 14 Expression Levels Promote Glioma Cell Invasion via Rac1 and Nuclear Factor-κB and Correlate with Poor Patient Outcome (2006)

Glial tumors progress to malignant grades by heightened proliferation and relentless dispersion throughout the central nervous system. Understanding genetic and biochemical processes that foster these behaviors is likely to reveal specific and effective targets for therapeutic intervention. Our current report shows that the fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed at high levels in migrating glioma cells in vitro and invading glioma cells in vivo. Forced Fn14 overexpression stimulates glioma cell migration and invasion, and depletion of Rac1 by small interfering RNA inhibits this cellular response. Activation of Fn14 signaling by the ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) stimulates migration and up-regulates expression of Fn14; this TWEAK effect requires Rac1 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity. The Fn14 promoter region contains NF-kappaB binding sites, which mediate positive feedback causing sustained overexpression of Fn14 and enduring glioma cell invasion. Furthermore, Fn14 gene expression levels increase with glioma grade and inversely correlate with patient survival. These results show that the Fn14 cascade operates as a positive feedback mechanism for elevated and sustained Fn14 expression. Such a feedback loop argues for aggressive targeting of the Fn14 axis as a unique and specific driver of glioma malignant behavior.
Clinicopathological, cytogenetic, and molecular profiles of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (2023)

We analyzed the clinicopathological, cytogenetic, and molecular features of 18 primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PCDLBCLs) and 15 DLBCLs secondarily localized to the skin (SCDLBCLs), highlighting biological similarities and differences between the 2 groups. PCDLBCLs were subclassified after histopathological review as PCDLBCL-leg type (PCDLBCL-LT, 10 cases) and the PCDLBCL-not otherwise specified (PCDLBCL-NOS, 8 cases). Immunohistochemistry for Hans' algorithm markers, BCL2, and MYC was performed. The molecular study included the determination of the cell of origin (COO) by Lymph2Cx assay on NanoString platform, FISH analysis of IgH, BCL2, BCL6, and MYC genes, as well as the mutation analysis of MYD88 gene. In immunohistochemistry analysis, BCL2 and MYC hyperexpression was more frequent in LT than in NOS cases and, according to Hans' algorithm, PCDLBCL-LTs were mostly of the non-GC type (8/10), whereas in PCDLBCL-NOS, the GC type prevailed (6/8). The determination of COO using Lymph2Cx supported and further confirmed these results. In FISH analysis, all but one LT cases versus 5 of 8 PCDLBCL-NOS showed at least one gene rearrangement among IgH, BCL2, MYC, or BCL6. In addition, MYD88 mutations were more frequently present in LT than in NOS subtypes. Interestingly, MYD88-mutated patients were older, with a non-GC phenotype and had worse OS, compared to MYD88 WT cases. Overall, SCDLBCL did not show, at the genetic and expression level, different profiles than PCDLBCL, even if they bear a significantly worse prognosis. At survival analysis, the most important prognostic factors in patients with PCDLBCL were age and MYD88 mutation, whereas relapse and high Ki-67 expression were relevant in patients with SCDLBCL. Our study comprehensively analyzed the clinicopathological and molecular features of PCDLBCL-LT, PCDLBCL-NOS, and SCDLBCL, underlining the differences among them and the importance of properly identifying these entities at the time of diagnosis.