gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Met pathway: master switch and drug target in cancer progression (2006)

It has been recognized for more than a century that most tumors tend to become more aggressive in clinical behavior over time, although this time course may be variable. This phenomenon has been termed "cancer progression," a process that appears to develop in a stepwise fashion through qualitatively different stages. Cancer progression relies on the ability of neoplastic cells to abandon their primary site of accretion, trespass tissue boundaries, and penetrate into the vasculature to colonize and repopulate distant sites. Among the various properties associated with cancer progression, the acquisition by neoplastic cells of the capacity to invade locally and to metastasize is of great clinical significance, and is still the fundamental definition of malignancy. This process represents the aberrant counterpart of a physiological morphogenetic program, known as invasive growth, occurring during embryo development and, in some instances, in adulthood for the generation and maintenance of normal organ complexity and architecture. Here we summarize some of the strategies adopted to inhibit cancer cell growth and spreading. We also review the current findings about cancer and metastasis inhibitors. As we suggest possible directions for drug development, we propose the receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor, Met, as an ideal target for tackling cancer progression.
The Education of the Deaf Child: For Integration or Autonomy? (2022)

It is argued that Oralism and Total Communication underestimate the profound nature of deafness and the potential value of fundamental research. The evolution of these philosophies is described, and changes in philosophy are discussed.
Oil Storage Estimation with Time-Series L-Band Sar Imagery (2018)

Monitored storage data derived from detection and estimation of oil tank can be gathered to report statistics of demand and supply trend and these are tremendously important for economics and commodity trading. Several previous studies focusing on the tanks have been reported with SAR imagery but application with L-band requires completely different discussion. In this paper, we introduce an algorithm estimating floating roof height by use of ALOS-2 imagery and the proposed technique is discussed not only in StripMap mode but also in ScanSAR mode. Since an evaluation by use of ground measurement data is difficult, qualitative results are shown and discussed in this report.
Multiple Myeloma in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1981)

A patient who had primary biliary cirrhosis and, simultaneously, multiple myeloma (IgG, lambda) is reported. In chronic liver diseases, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia is common, monoclonal gammopathies have also been found in rare instances, being attributed to chronic antigenic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system by antigens from the intestinal flora. The mechanisms (as chronic antigenic stimulation, immunologic disturbances and granulomata formation) which apply to explain the development of monoclonal gammopathies in other conditions are also found in primary biliary cirrhosis. It is postulated that, in this disease, the development of multiple myeloma could be not merely coincidental but also the result of chronic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system.
PAIN LANGUAGE OF BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION PATIENTS (2001)

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Electro-optical effects in thin single-crystalline organic films grown from the melt (1998)

Single-crystalline films of meta-nitroaniline (mNA) and 2-cyclo-octylamino-5-nitropyridine (COANP) 5- thick were grown between two transparent fused quartz plates on which layers of indium tin oxide had been deposited. Both linear and quadratic electro-optical effects of the crystals were examined by an ac modulation method. The figures of merit for mNA and COANP are estimated to be and , respectively. The crystals were of high quality due to the excellent protection provided by the cells and the figures of merit of the crystals did not decrease with time. It is believed that the method adopted in the paper is applicable to fabrication of electro-optical cells with other compounds if growth of those crystals from the melt is feasible. It is suggested that the electro-optical cells have excellent potential use for device fabrication because of their durability and relatively easy manipulation during crystal growth.
Deliberative ethics in a biomedical institution: an example of integration between science and ethics (2010)

The deliberative ethics guidelines elaborated and implemented by members of the IFOM-IEO Campus (Firc Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM) and the European Institute of Oncology (IEO)). These should serve the dual purpose of establishing a minimal set of standard rules for bioethical debate and any ensuing decision-making process, especially for the perspective of providing real instruments to foster public engagement and public awareness on the ethical issues involved in biomedical research. It is shown that these guidelines instantiate the scheme of one of the correct ways of debating formalised by the western thought.
I think you're the smartest race I've ever met: Racialised economies of queer male desire (2006)

This paper explores how queer white men become both the desiring subjects and desirable objects of the queer male gaze. By analysing the personal experiences of queer Asian men, this paper argues that queer white men claim possession of desire as capital through racialised economies of queer male desire. These economies privilege queer white men by racialising queer Asian men and other non-white queer men, and ascribes them desirability according to the queer white male gaze. By racialising non-white queer men, queer white men’s whiteness is unracialised, and so, conceals their possession of desire as a white possession. I argue that it is only by exploring how queer white men claim possession of desire as capital within these racialised economies of queer male desire, that we can consider how they dominate the queer male gaze.
The new oral anticoagulants: clinical use and reversal agent development (2015)

Warfarin has been the centre of oral anticoagulant therapy for over 60 years. Recent development of new oral anticoagulants ( NOAC s) has provided a safe and effective alternative for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation and for prevention of venous thromboembolism. Determination of their use in acute coronary syndrome has been hampered by increases in bleeding events in most large trials, especially when used with antiplatelet therapy. NOAC s have equal or superior efficacy and safety profiles compared to warfarin, fewer drug interactions; no dietary restrictions; predictable responses that eliminates monitoring; a rapid onset eliminates bridging with parenteral anticoagulants; and a potential reduction in mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. There are reports of bleeding events and deaths associated with NOAC s. Haemorrhage associated with dabigatran and warfarin were the most common safety issues for anticoagulants reported to the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2012. The lack of a NOAC reversal agent is a significant clinical concern for many physicians. Current reversal agents for unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparins and warfarin are less than optimal, and there are no effective reversal agents for NOAC s. Development programs for anticoagulant reversal of the NOAC s have three approaches: multiple coagulation factor replacement, large molecules (recombinant antibodies or altered coagulation factors) that either bind to or substitute for the coagulation factor while the anticoagulant itself is either being excreted or metabolized, and a small molecule specifically designed to bind to the NOAC s and heparins and prevent them from binding to the coagulation factor targets.
Novel patients with NHLRC2 variants expand the phenotypic spectrum of FINCA disease (2023)

This report expands on the characteristic clinical features of FINCA disease. Presentation is typically in infancy, and although patients can live to late adulthood, the key clinical and histopathological features are fibrosis, infection susceptibility/immunodeficiency/intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental disorder/neurodegeneration and chronic anemia/cerebral angiomatosis (hence the acronym FINCA) that enable an early diagnosis confirmed by genetic investigations.
Study on EBG structure combined with decoupling capacitor for suppressing ground bounce noise (2009)

Ground bounce noise (GBN) is becoming one of the major challenges for designing high speed system and packages. It causes serious signal integrity (SI) problems in the high speed system. Traditional techniques center on adding more decoupling capacitors to create a low impedance path. Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is used to suppress GBN combined with decoupling capacitors in this study. Different values and positions of capacitors are added to the design with EBG structure. The results show that the EBG structure functions like a band stop filter and prevents unwanted electromagnetic energy traveling through power/ground pair in stop band of the structure. The noise thus can't propagate within the power/ground pair and excite resonance. The combination of meander line bridged EBG structure and decoupling capacitors is able to achieve good GBN suppression performance.
Ceramic Electrolytes and Electrochemical Sensors (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Drifting bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers in commercial greenhouses may be social parasites (2004)

Commercial greenhouses require high densities of managed bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis Greene, 1858 and Bombus impatiens Cresson, 1863) colonies to pollinate crops such as tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). We examined drifting, a behavioural consequence of introducing closely aggregated colonies into greenhouse habitats, to determine possible explanations for observed drifting frequencies. Bee drift is normally associated with increased individual mortality and disease transfer between colonies. In this study, individual bees frequently drifted into and remained within foreign colonies. More drifting bees were found in colonies with higher worker and brood populations and greater pollen stores. Increased intracolony aggressive interactions were not associated with a higher number of drifting bees. Drifting bees had a significantly greater number of mature eggs in their ovaries than did resident worker bees residing in colonies hosting drifters, suggesting that drifting could potentially increase the fitness of individual worker bees and may not be solely a function of disorientation and (or) nectar robbing. Taken together, our results suggest that drifting of workers into foreign colonies within greenhouses may demonstrate a predisposition to social parasitism. This selfish worker reproduction challenges our previous understanding of social insect societies as being cooperative societies.
Image Interpolation by Pixel‐Level Data‐Dependent Triangulation (2004)

Abstract We present a novel image interpolation algorithm. The algorithm can be used in arbitrary resolution enhancement, arbitrary rotation and other applications of still images in continuous space. High‐resolution images are interpolated from the pixel‐level data‐dependent triangulation of lower‐resolution images. It is simpler than other methods and is adaptable to a variety of image manipulations. Experimental results show that the new “mesh image” algorithm is as fast as the bilinear interpolation method. We assess the interpolated images' quality visually and also by the MSE measure which shows our method generates results comparable in quality to slower established methods. We also implement our method in graphics card hardware using OpenGL which leads to real‐time high‐quality image reconstruction. These features give it the potential to be used in gaming and image‐processing applications.
Interaction of Short Laser Pulses with Gases and Ionized Gases (2010)

In this chapter, the interaction mechanisms between short laser pulses and gases, respectively pre-ionized gases are described in detail. Ordinarily, gases are transparent for electro-magnetic radiation. This is not valid any more when the intensity of radiation goes beyond a certain value. This barrier depends on the pressure, the gas type, the pulse length, the pulse repetition frequency, the beam diameter and the laser wavelength used. In order to understand the interaction mechanisms, knowledge about the propagation of electromagnetic radiation as well as knowledge about the absorption processes (for example: inverse bremsstrahlung) is necessary. Further, the mathematic models for the absorption processes and the following effects (as, for example, heating) of short laser pulses in gases and pre-ionized gases are explained. The appearing effects such as breakdown intensity or heating play an important role in the generation of new radiation sources. With specific laser pulses, individual radiation sources can be created (such as UV, EUV, soft X-ray).
A genetic algorithm for the point to multipoint routing problem with varying number of requests (2002)

Message scheduling or call request scheduling is the process of finding optimal routing for a set of circuit connection requests through a communications network. Each request has a single source with one or more destinations. Furthermore, different requests may have different source and different destination nodes. Finding optimal routing for a set of requests is called the point to multipoint routing problem (PMRP). The current practice in solving the PMRP is to consider each point to multipoint request as a collection of point to point requests, and then solve each paint to point request. This is very costly and generally produces poor results. The paper presents an algorithm for the point to multipoint routing problem that uses a genetic algorithm and a heuristic Steiner tree algorithm. The genetic algorithm allows the scheduler to find an optimal or near-optimal path through the network for each request. In the algorithm each request is treated as a whole and not as a collection of point to point requests. Furthermore, given a set of point to multipoint routing requests, the algorithm considers various subsets sizes of the original set of requests and produces an optimal or near-optimal ordering of the requests for the specified subset size. They run the PMRP algorithm on several test cases with excellent results.
Recent insights on neutron-induced void swelling and irradiation creep of AISI 304 stainless steel (2007)

The majority of data on swelling of AISI 304 stainless steel relevant to PWR applications was derived from examination in the 1980s of materials irradiated in EBR-II. Previously unpublished studies are presented here that provide insight on the behavior of AISI 304 under irradiation when variables such as stress state, temperature and dpa rate are either constant or varying with time. It is shown that the temperature and dpa rate are highly interactive variables that determine the duration of the transient regime of void swelling. One manifestation of this interaction is the development of swelling 'loops' when plotted vs. dpa along a component subject to a peak in neutron flux. Swelling initially develops at a transient rate of <0.1%/dpa but eventually and inevitably reaches {approx}1%/dpa. The transient duration is also known to be sensitive to the stress state which also drives irradiation creep to produce an anisotropic distribution of mass. When either the temperature or stress state is changed during irradiation AISI 304 appears to retain a memory of the previous condition for some time. One consequence is a previously unobserved anisotropy of swelling-induced strains that persists for some period after applied stresses are removed. (author)
High risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (2016)

The majority of patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are successfully treated with surgical treatment of the primary site. While only a minority of patients is at risk for regional metastasis, these patients have significantly worse outcomes. Tumor and patient factors that place patients at high risk for development of regional metastasis have been identified. Advancing treatment of cSCC requires identifying and escalating treatment in this high risk patient population, while avoiding overtreatment of the majority of cSCC patients that do not develop regional metastasis. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has emerged as a promising technique in cSCC to detect micrometastasis and allow early surgical treatment of regional disease. Future directions involve genomic characterization of metastatic and nonmetastatic cSCC to identify genomic alterations causing metastasis that may be used to predict disease behavior.
Independent Contribution of Diabetes to Increased Prevalence and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation (2009)

In this population, diabetes was an independent determinant of atrial fibrillation prevalence but predicted incidence only among women. These findings have potential public health implications and emphasize the need for further investigation of the mechanistic links between diabetes and atrial fibrillation.
Earthquake Rupture dynamics in complex geometries using coupled high-order finite difference methods and finite volume methods (2012)

We present a 2-D multi-block method for earthquake rupture dynamics in complex geometries using summation-byparts (SBP) high-order finite differences on structured grids coupled to nite volume meth ...
AN ADVANCE STUDY ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF GALVANIZED REBARS IN CARBONATED AND NON-CARBONATED CONCRETE (1979)

A large number of results from tests carried out to date with different aims are given in an attempt to provide a panoramic view of the performance of galvanized steel bars in concrete. Data on black steel reinforcing bars are included for comparison. The corrosion kinetics is determined by measuring the polarisation resistance of rebars embedded in concrete specimens and the effects of the following variables are examined: carbonation of concrete, type of concrete and additives used, moisture content in the environment, and nature of rebars (galvanized and non-galvanized). In short-term tests galvanized steel does not appear to be any better than bare steel but when the specimens were subjected to humidity and drying cycles, some layers of protective corrosion products appear to develop on the galvanized rebars, which impose progressively decreasing corrosion rates. On the other hand, no similar effect was found on bare steel reinforcements. (TRRL)
Exposure to Dideoxynucleosides Is Reflected in Lowered Mitochondrial DNA in Subcutaneous Fat (2002)

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), particularly dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs), used in the treatment of HIV, inhibit mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma in vitro. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion is proposed as the underlying mechanism of many of the in vivo side effects of these agents. A reliable and valid laboratory test to detect this is not yet available. The objective of this study was to correlate tissue mtDNA quantification in HIV-infected patients with exposure to nucleoside analogs.60 HIV-infected adults underwent detailed clinical assessment and blood and tissue sampling. Clinical and antiretroviral treatment details were correlated with results of plasma lactate assays, and real-time polymerase chain reaction quantification of mtDNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and subcutaneous fat from the lower limb.Forty-nine (82%) subjects were on combination antiretroviral therapy. Of these, 33 (55%) were currently receiving one or more ddNs (stavudine, didanosine, or zalcitabine). mtDNA in subcutaneous fat was lower in subjects currently on ddNs than in those not taking ddNs (mean [log10] 2.47 vs. 2.74, p =.002). Plasma lactate was somewhat higher in subjects currently taking ddNs than those on no antiretroviral treatment (median 1.5 vs. 1.0, p =.03), but was not significantly different in either of these groups compared with subjects on other NRTIs. mtDNA in PBMCs did not vary with treatment status.mtDNA in subcutaneous fat was significantly reduced in patients currently taking ddNs. mtDNA in PBMCs was independent of patient exposure to NRTIs.
Bond Strength of Resin to Acid-etched Dentin Studied by 13C NMR: Interaction between N-methacryloyl-ω-Amino Acid Primer and Dentinal Collagen (2000)

The application of the hydrophilic methacrylate primer to acid-etched dentin increases the bond strength of the resin to the acid-etched dentin. However, the mechanism for the bonding of the resin to dentinal collagen through the primer remains to be determined. Before a more effective adhesive primer can be developed, we must understand the adsorption behavior of the primer to the dentinal collagen. The purpose of this study was to determine how 5 derivatives of N-methacryloyl-omega-amino acid (NMomegaA) primers enhance the bonding of the resin to acid-etched dentin. The interaction between the NMomegaA primers and dentinal collagen was studied by the 13C NMR technique, including the observation of spin-lattice relaxation times, T1. When the dentinal collagen was dispersed into the NMomegaA solution, the T1 values of the two carbonyl carbons attributed to the amide and the carboxylic acid in the NMomegaA molecule decreased dramatically. This result was due to the interaction between the amide group and the carboxylic acid group in the NMomegaA molecule and the dentinal collagen molecule. The T1 values of these carbonyl carbons decreased when the number of methylene groups in the NMomegaA molecule increased. The interaction became stronger as the number of methylene groups in the NMomegaA molecule was increased. Further, the bond strength of the resin to the acid-etched dentin primed with NMomegaA increased with a decrease in the T1 value of the amide carbonyl carbon. The strength of the interaction of the NMomegaA primer to the dentinal collagen molecule, determined by the 13C NMR technique, showed a direct correlation with the bond strength of the resin to acid-etched dentin that was treated with the NMomegaA primer.