gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-sector field-mass spectrometry for the stoichiometric determination of Zn bound to Aeromonas hydrophila Zn beta-lactamase (2004)

A method was developed for the determination of the stoichiometric Zn/protein ratio for the Aeromonas hydrophila metallo beta-lactamase AE036. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was used to separate free Zn ions from the Zn bound to the metalloprotein, the only Zn-species which is biochemically relevant. An inductively coupled plasma-sector field-mass spectrometer (ICP-SF-MS), operated at a mass resolution of 3000, was used as an element-specific detector. If the primary structure of the protein and thus the number of sulfur-containing amino acids is known, as is the case for Aeromonas hydrophila Zn beta-lactamase, monitoring of both Zn and S with ICP-SF-MS permits the Zn/protein ratio to be determined. The method was optimised in order to obtain short migration times (less than 10 min) for the metallo beta-lactamase and for standards with bare fused silica capillaries. After optimisation, a 75 mmol L−1 bis-Tris background electrolyte buffered at a pH of 6.75 was used for the separation, a voltage of 30 kV was applied over a capillary with a total length of approximately 70 cm and the sample was introduced hydrodynamically at 1000 mbar s. Quantitative results (stoichiometric Zn/protein ratio of 1 and 2, before and after saturation of the enzyme with Zn, respectively) were obtained using external calibration with albumin as a S standard and ZnCl2 as a Zn standard. The method was also demonstrated to be precise with < 5% RSD on the Zn/protein ratio for n = 3. An absolute limit of detection of 8 ng of A. hydrophila Zn beta-lactamase (calculated on the basis of sulfur) was obtained under these conditions.
Treatment of paravalvular leaks through interventional techniques (2011)

Paravalvular leaks are a relevant complication after both surgical and interventional valve replacement. Approximately 1-5% of patients undergoing mitral or aortic valve replacement experience some sort of paravalvular leakage with varying clinical importance, ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening. Repeated surgery has usually been considered the first choice to solve this problem, but this approach carries a high operative risk with mortality rates of up to 16% and an increased risk for re-leaks compared to the initial procedure. Transcatheter closure of paravalvular leaks using occluder devices has first been described in 1992. Since then, this technique slowly evolved with various technical improvements, being now a suitable alternative to redo-surgery in patients at high surgical risk with appropriate defect geometries. Particularly the introduction of specifically designed devices as well as improved imaging tools such as three-dimensional real-time echocardiography facilitate the procedure, likely to play an increasingly important role in the future.
Cytosolic NADH-NAD + Redox Visualized in Brain Slices by Two-Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Biosensor Imaging (2016)

Imaging of the sensor in mouse hippocampal brain slices reveals that astrocytes are typically much more reduced (with higher NADH:NAD(+) ratio) than neurons under basal conditions, consistent with the hypothesis that astrocytes are more glycolytic than neurons. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 553-563.
200-mm wafer scale integration of high performance polycrystalline MoS2 thin film transistors (2023)

<title>Abstract</title> The demand for high-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) has increased significantly due to the increasing functionalities of electronic devices, such as displays, sensors, and computing platforms. The requirements for TFTs have also become more stringent because future electronic products necessitate denser device arrays, lower power consumption, higher mechanical flexibility, and lower-temperature processing without compromising their performance. To meet these demands, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are an ideal solution due to their excellent scalability, transferability, atomically thin thickness, and relatively high carrier mobility. Nevertheless, studies on 2D materials have been limited to small laboratory-scale demonstrations, focusing on proof-of-concept devices with single-crystalline 2D films. In this study, we present industrialization strategies specifically designed for polycrystalline MoS<sub>2</sub> TFTs on a 200-mm wafer scale. We achieved nearly 100% device yield across the wafer by processing it in one of the Samsung's 200-mm fabrication facilities. We find that the metal-semiconductor junction in polycrystalline 2D MoS<sub>2</sub> is fundamentally different from that in its single-crystalline counterpart. Thus, we redesigned the process flow to nearly eliminate the Schottky barrier height at the MoS<sub>2</sub>-metal contact, yielding excellent FET performance equivalent to that of state-of-the-art FETs fabricated from single-crystalline flakes.
Partial weight reduction protocols in cats lead to better weight outcomes, compared with complete protocols, in cats with obesity (2023)

Partial weight reduction protocols in cats lead to quicker average weight loss, with the possibility that lean tissue loss might be minimized. Such protocols might be more suitable for older cats and those with marked obesity.
Abgesicherter und effizienter Nachweis sicherheitsrelevanter Bauteile (2011)

Sicherheitsrelevante Bauteile sind in der Automobilindustrie so auszulegen, dass sie im Rahmen von bestimmungsgemaesser Verwendung oder vorhersehbarer Fehlanwendung Sicherheit und Gesundheit nicht gefaehrden. Aufgrund der Streuungen in Beanspruchung und Beanspruchbarkeit ist dieser Nachweis mit statistischen Methoden zu fuehren. Um diesen Nachweis moeglichst effizient zu erbringen, wurden mathematisch fundierte Auswertemethoden entwickelt, die auch Durchlaeufer, Ausfaelle vor Erreichen der Solllaufzeit und Versuchsabbrueche verwerten koennen. Weiterhin ist damit eine dynamische Anpassung des Versuchsplans an diese Ereignisse moeglich. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: In the automotive industry, safety parts must be designed according to the state of the art of science and technology in such a way that they do not fail as long as the vehicle is used according to its purpose and misuse of the vehicle does not exceed a reasonably expectable degree. Due to scatter in customer loads and component properties, fatigue validation needs to be based on statistical methods. Mathematically sound methods are devised in order to make the validation process as efficient as possible. They allow considering all test results, including censored test data (e.g. tests suspended due to premature failure of components which are not under consideration). Furthermore, these methods permit adapting the success run criterion successively to the testing process. (A)
Endoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy using indocyanine green‐neomannosyl human serum albumin (2017)

NA. Laryngoscope, 128:E135-E140, 2018.
Transformers: the changing phases of low-dimensional vanadium oxide bronzes (2015)

In this feature article, we explore the electronic and structural phase transformations of ternary vanadium oxides with the composition MxV2O5 where M is an intercalated cation. The periodic arrays of intercalated cations ordered along quasi-1D tunnels or layered between 2D sheets of the V2O5 framework induce partial reduction of the framework vanadium atoms giving rise to charge ordering patterns that are specific to the metal M and stoichiometry x. This periodic charge ordering makes these materials remarkably versatile platforms for studying electron correlation and underpins the manifestation of phenomena such as colossal metal-insulator transitions, quantized charge corrals, and superconductivity. We describe current mechanistic understanding of these emergent phenomena with a particular emphasis on the benefits derived from scaling these materials to nanostructured dimensions wherein precise ordering of cations can be obtained and phase relationships can be derived that are entirely inaccessible in the bulk. In particular, structural transformations induced by intercalation are dramatically accelerated due to the shorter diffusion path lengths at nanometer-sized dimensions, which cause a dramatic reduction of kinetic barriers to phase transformations and facilitate interconversion between the different frameworks. We conclude by summarizing numerous technological applications that have become feasible due to recent advances in controlling the structural chemistry and both electronic and structural phase transitions in these versatile frameworks.
Extraction of Green River and Chattanooga oil shales with strong bases and nucleophilic displacement reagents. [Organic carbon] (1985)

Shale kerogen has been degraded to an organic solvent-soluble bitumen or oil by numerous methods. The various methods have been employed either to study production of oil or to gain insight into the structure of kerogen. The purpose of this investigation was to gain insight on kerogen structure by examination of the effects of strong base and nucleophilic displacement reagents on western and eastern shales. Powdered shales from the Green River and Chattanooga formations were extracted with potassium hydroxide in 1-propanol, potassium hydroxide in 1-butanol, 1-butylamine in 1-butanol, and sodium borohydride in tetrahydrofuran, all at reflux. Residual shales were extracted with benzene-methanol. The products were isolated and weighed in an effort to find a system that would degrade the kerogen to a soluble bitumen under basic, solvolytic conditions. The extraction of Green River shale with potassium hydroxide in 1-butanol gave the highest conversion (40.2 wt %) of organic carbon. The solutions containing butylamine and sodium borohydride gave small yields of product. The results from extraction of Chattanooga shale showed approximately 20% conversion with potassium hydroxide in 1-butanol while all other systems exhibited very small conversions. 21 refs., 4 tabs.
Strategic Pathways for Success: The Influence of Outside Community on Academic Engagement (2012)

B ackground Engineering students participate in a variety of communities outside of their academic endeavors ranging from family to professional societies. While the degree to which they participate and immediate benefits of participation have been explored, pathways by which participation in nonacademic “outside” communities leads to academic engagement are not as well understood. P urpose (H ypothesis ) This study seeks to identify outside communities to which students feel most connected and pathways by which these important communities influence students' academic endeavors. D esign /M ethod This study uses mixed methods, combining surveys and focus groups. A survey emphasizing measurement of belonging, engagement, and connection to community was collected from over 750 student participants at four different institutions. Focus groups were then used to explore how students' most important communities influence their academic life. Focus group data analysis revealed which needs were met for students through participation in outside communities. R esults Across all institutions, family is the community to which students feel most connected, with friends being a distant second. Students spoke of communities strategically, identifying needs that they meet through participation in communities and linking their participation with increased ability to engage in their academic endeavors. Most frequently, students' belonging needs were met through participation in outside communities, although safety and esteem needs were also affected. C onclusions Our results strongly suggest that, among the many types of needs studied, providing students with opportunities to belong will provide the most return on investment for engagement in academic endeavors.
A Commercial Extract of Brown Macroalga (Ascophyllum nodosum) Affects Yield and the Nutritional Quality of SpinachIn Vitro (2013)

Abstract The effects of extracts of the brown marine alga (Ascophyllum nodosum, ANE) on growth and biochemical and molecular changes in spinach were studied. Overall increases in biomass, chlorophyll, and antioxidant activity were observed at an application rate of 0.1 g L –1 ANE. Shoot fresh weight, dry-matter content, and total soluble protein showed 1.6-, 1.2-, and 1.5-fold increases, respectively. Total chlorophyll increased by 30% and total antioxidant capacity, phenolics, and flavonoid content increased by at least 33%. A 1.4-fold increase in chalcone isomerase activity was observed, whereas the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase was not affected. The ANE affected the transcript abundance of genes that affect sucrose and glycine betaine metabolism. The transcript abundance of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1), betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), choline monooxygenase (CMO), and glutathione reductase (GR) increased in plants treated with 0.1 g L –1 ANE. Keywords: Ascophyllum nodosum gene expression Spinacia oleracea L.total antioxidant capacitytotal phenolics Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for the laboratory funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture and Marketing, and Acadian Seaplants Limited.
A Virtual Touch Interaction Device for Immersive Applications (2011)

Traditional interaction devices such as computer mice and keyboards do not adapt very well to immersive envi-ronments, since they were not necessarily designed for users who may be standing or in movement. Moreover, in the current inte-raction model for immersive environments, based on wands and 3D mice, a change of context is necessary in order to execute non-immersive tasks. These constant context changes from im-mersive to 2D desktops introduce a rupture in user interaction with the application. The objective of this work is to study how to adapt interaction techniques from touch surface based systems to 3D virtual environments to reduce this physical rupture from the fully immersive mode to the desktop paradigm. In order to do this, a wireless glove (v-Glove) that maps to a touch interface in a vir-tual reality immersive environment was developed, enabling it to interact in 3D applications. The glove has two main functionalities: tracking the position of the user's index finger and vibrating the fingertip when it reaches an area mapped in the interaction space to simulate a touch feeling. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were performed with users to evaluate the v-Glove, comparing it with a gyroscopic 3D mouse.
Structural basis for high thermal stability of a resist (1998)

A new class of novolaks capable of self associating has been synthesized. The associating structures are resulted via extended network of hydrogen bonding. Softening temperatures of the associating novolaks are found to be 15 - 25 degree(s)C higher than their non-associating analogs. The photoresist formulated with such associating novolaks have heat deformation temperature in the range of 130 - 140 degree(s)C. Features with sub 0.35 micrometers could be resolved using i-Line exposure. Site specific hydrogen bonding in such associating novolaks is studied by NMR and molecular simulations.
Semi-Automatic Topology Independent Contour-Based 2 1/2 D Segmentation Using Live-Wire. (2004)

In general three-dimensional segmentation algorithms assume objects to have connected homogeneous regions.\nHowever in some cases objects are defined by a fuzzy boundary surface and consist of an inhomogeneous\ninternal structure. In the following a new three-dimensional segmentation technique exploiting the contour\ndetection capabilities of live-wire is proposed. The algorithm consists of two basic steps. First contours are\noutlined by the user on a small number of planar cross-sections through the object using live-wire. Second the\ntraced contours are used for reconstructing the object surface automatically in each slice using live-wire again.\nThis user-friendly segmentation algorithm is independent from object topology as the topology is implicitly\ndefined during the reconstruction process.
Experimental Study on the Critical Dynamics of the Order-Disorder Transition in Binary Alloys (1978)

By the experiments of the relaxation process of the electrical resistivity in Ni 3 Mn alloy its relaxation time was found to become longer as temperature approaches the transition point. It was verified that below the transition temperature thus obtained relaxation time coincides with that previously obtained for the order parameter by Collins and Teh's neutron diffraction experiments. From the results in the wide temperature range the critical index of the linear relaxation time was analyzed to be 1.0. In CuZn alloy the tendency of critical slowing-down was revealed to take place by measuring the similar electrical resistivity relaxation.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of vinylogous combretastatin A-4 derivatives (2005)

Stereospecific syntheses of the Z-E and E-Z vinylogues of combretastatin A-4, and two B-ring related analogues, were achieved through a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. As compared to CA4, the derivative with a phenyl moiety has shown increased potency in its ability to inhibit tubulin polymerisation.
Remote control of flavin reactivities by an intramolecular crown ring serving as a metal-binding site (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemote control of flavin reactivities by an intramolecular crown ring serving as a metal-binding siteSeiji Shinkai, Kei Kameoka, Kaori Ueda, and Osamu ManabeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 3, 923–924Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00237a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00237a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Update on Angiogenesis Therapy (2001)

Angiogenesis is a novel approach for the therapy of various ischemia-related pathophysiologic conditions. Proangiogenic growth factors have shown promising results in preclinical studies using protein- and gene-based therapies. However, their success in clinical trials is hindered by the lack of an optimal delivery strategy that would provide sustained and localized levels of the growth factors in the diseased tissue. Targeted delivery of proangiogenic agents is expected to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of growth factors at relatively lower doses, without the risk of systemic toxicity in terms of unwanted angiogenesis. To achieve the above objectives, various drug delivery systems are under investigation. This review describes the basic mechanism of action of growth factors, their current status in preclinical and clinical studies, and the issue of drug delivery.
Survival of the fittest: in vivo selection and stem cell gene therapy (2005)

Stem cell gene therapy has long been limited by low gene transfer efficiency to hematopoietic stem cells. Recent years have witnessed clinical success in select diseases such as X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and ADA deficiency. Arguably, the single most important factor responsible for the increased efficacy of these recent protocols is the fact that the genetic correction provided a selective in vivo survival advantage. Since, for most diseases, there will be no selective advantage of gene-corrected cells, there has been a significant effort to arm vectors with a survival advantage. Two-gene vectors can be used to introduce the therapeutic gene and a selectable marker gene. Efficient in vivo selection strategies have been demonstrated in clinically relevant large-animal models. Mutant forms of the DNA repair-enzyme methylguanine methyltransferase in particular have allowed for efficient in vivo selection and have achieved sustained marking with virtually 100% gene-modified cells in large animals, and with clinically acceptable toxicity. Translation of these strategies to the clinical setting is imminent. Here, we review how in vivo selection strategies can be used to make stem cell gene therapy applicable to the treatment of a wider scope of genetic diseases and patients.
Generation of Pulsed Electron Beams by Simple Cold Cathode Plasma Guns (1986)

Electron-beam pulses of current up to 20 A have been generated using glow discharge electron guns of simple construction. Beam pulses of 1-20 ts long at energies between 2 and 15 keV have been created at helium pressures between 1 and 5 torr. Results obtained using 3-cm diameter aluminum cathodes of two different geometries are discussed. As an example of the use of these electron guns for laser excitation, we have excited an He-Zn metal vapor mixture. Three new infrared laser transitions in ZnII are reported.
Resources for preventing sickness absence due to low back pain (2012)

In a non-clinical working sample of individuals experiencing an acute/subacute episode of LBP, life satisfaction was a unique predictor of sickness absence after 1 year. Prevention in the occupational setting should not only address common risk factors but also occupational and individual resources that keep workers satisfied with life despite having LBP.