gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcription factor Bcl11b controls selection of invariant natural killer T-cells by regulating glycolipid presentation in double-positive thymocytes (2011)

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are innate-like T cells important in immune regulation, antimicrobial protection, and anti-tumor responses. They express semi-invariant T cell receptors, which recognize glycolipid antigens. Their positive selection is mediated by double-positive (DP) thymocytes, which present glycolipid self-antigens through the noncanonical MHC class I-like molecule CD1d. Here we provide genetic and biochemical evidence that removal of the transcription factor Bcl11b in DP thymocytes leads to an early block in iNKT cell development, caused by both iNKT cell extrinsic and intrinsic defects. Specifically, Bcl11b-deficient DP thymocytes failed to support Bcl11b-sufficient iNKT precursor development due to defective glycolipid self-antigen presentation, and showed enlarged lysosomes and accumulation of glycosphingolipids. Expression of genes encoding lysosomal proteins with roles in sphingolipid metabolism and glycolipid presentation was found to be altered in Bcl11b-deficient DP thymocytes. These include cathepsins and Niemann-Pick disease type A, B, and C genes. Thus, Bcl11b plays a central role in presentation of glycolipid self-antigens by DP thymocytes, and regulates directly or indirectly expression of lysosomal genes, exerting a critical extrinsic role in development of iNKT lineage, in addition to the intrinsic role in iNKT precursors. These studies demonstrate a unique and previously undescribed role of Bcl11b in DP thymocytes, in addition to the critical function in positive selection of conventional CD4 and CD8 single-positive thymocytes.
Two Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Albumin Genes Are Differentially Regulated (1998)

Two distinct albumin cDNAs (rtALB1 and rtALB2) were isolated from the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver cDNA library. The rtALB1 cDNA (2761 bp) contains a 69 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR), a 1821 bp reading region, and a long 3' UTR of 872 bp. The rtALB2 cDNA (2250 bp) contains a 78 bp 5' UTR, a 1824 bp coding region, and a 348 bp 3' UTR. The two albumins are 81.5% and 77.5% identical in their nucleotides and protein sequences, respectively. Both rtALB1 and rtALB2 genes are expressed only in the liver. The albumin mRNA was first detected in 5-week-old embryos and was tissue-specific. The two albumin genes were differentially expressed, with the rtALB1 transcripts being 3 to 10 times more abundant than the rtALB2 transcripts. This differential expression was partially regulated at the transcriptional level. Promoter analysis showed that the rtALB1 gene had a typical albumin promoter structure. However, the rtALB2 promoter was abnormal in the TATA box region and was less effective in activating the reporter gene in the mammalian cell lines. These variations in rainbow trout albumin promoter sequences might account for their differences in transcriptional efficiency.
True self-configuration for the IoT (2012)

For the Internet of Things to finally become a reality, obstacles on different levels need to be overcome. This is especially true for the upcoming challenge of leaving the domain of technical experts and scientists. Devices need to connect to the Internet and be able to offer services. They have to announce and describe these services in machine-understandable ways so that user-facing systems are able to find and utilize them. They have to learn about their physical surroundings, so that they can serve sensing or acting purposes without explicit configuration or programming. Finally, it must be possible to include IoT devices in complex systems that combine local and remote data, from different sources, in novel and surprising ways. We show how all of that is possible today. Our solution uses open standards and state-of-the art protocols to achieve this. It is based on 6LowPAN and CoAP for the communications part, semantic web technologies for meaningful data exchange, autonomous sensor correlation to learn about the environment, and software built around the Linked Data principles to be open for novel and unforeseen applications.
Purification and structures of branched blood-group-B-active glycosphingolipids from human erythrocyte membranes (1984)

Three different variants of complex, branched, highly blood-group-B-active glycosphingolipids (B-III, B-IV, and B-V) have been isolated from human erythrocytes by means of partition of their membranes in n-butanol/phosphate buffer, subsequent removal of nonpolar lipids and proteins by several steps of phase distribution, acetone or sodium acetate precipitation, peracetylation and repeated fractionation of all crude extracts by silicic acid and ion exchange column chromatography. Finally, peracetylated B-glycolipid fractions were purified to homogeneity by preparative silica gel high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by gas chromatographical sugar analysis, by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of partially methylated alditol acetates for the identification of glycosidic linkages, and by fast atom bombardment and electron impact mass spectrometry of the undegraded, permethylated substances in order to establish the molecular mass, sugar sequence, type of oligosaccharide chain, position of hexosyl branching points, number of N-acetyllatosamine units, as well as sphingosine and fatty acid patterns of the ceramide residues. 360-MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in (2H)dimethylsulfoxide of deuterium-exchanged native B-III and B-IV identified all carbohydrate components, their sites of attachment, the anomeric nature of their glycosidic linkages and the sequential arrangement within the oligosaccharide chain. Furthermore, it established the nature of branching points within the carbohydrate sequence, and assigned the different typical saccharide branches to either the position 2 versus 3, or position 3 versus 6 of the 2,3-disubstituted or 3,6-disubstituted galactoses. The nature of the anomeric linkages and branching points of B-V was based upon the series of NMR data obtained from the B-I--B-IV analogues. All results thus establish the following structures: (formula; see text)
Barium ion selective membrane electrode for use in acetonitrile (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBarium ion selective membrane electrode for use in acetonitrileToshio. Nakamura and Garry A. RechnitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 1, 393–394Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00279a098https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00279a098research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular oxygen and moisture as traps in poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene]: locations and detrapping by chain relaxation (2003)

We investigate locations of molecular oxygen and moisture (O2/H2O) serving as traps in poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) by measurements of field-induced thermally stimulated current, photoexcitation thermally stimulated current (PE-TSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis. Two broad peaks of PE-TSC are found at 212 and 325 K in the samples with O2/H2O-rich MEH-PPV, which are in reasonable agreement with those of the side chain and main chain relaxation, respectively. These traps can be attributed to the presence of O2/H2O (most likely molecular oxygen) in the side chain region and the amorphous main chain region, and the detrapping process is induced by chain motions under elevated temperatures.
Detection Method of Damage of Single Link Rubber by Impact Test (2013)

Function of single link that is a component of a train to connect bogie with carbody is to transmit acceleration and deceleration force from a bogie to a carbody. Also single link rubber is used as a buffer of acceleration and deceleration force. It needs to be detected by the regular maintenance, because damage of the rubber potentially influences the transfer force. The degree of damage cannot be estimated by visual inspection, and it should be estimated by some quantitatively test such as material test. However material test needs much labor because it is heavy, then an easy detection method to detect degree of damage is required. Accordingly, in consideration of elastic mechanism of single link rubber, we found out that degree of damage is estimated by measurement of resonance frequency in impact test.
Behavioural relevance of spontaneous, transient brain network interactions in fMRI (2021)

How spontaneously fluctuating functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals in different brain regions relate to behaviour has been an open question for decades. Correlations in these signals, known as functional connectivity, can be averaged over several minutes of data to provide a stable representation of the functional network architecture for an individual. However, associations between these stable features and behavioural traits have been shown to be dominated by individual differences in anatomy. Here, using kernel learning tools, we propose methods to assess and compare the relation between time-varying functional connectivity, time-averaged functional connectivity, structural brain data, and non-imaging subject behavioural traits. We applied these methods to Human Connectome Project resting-state fMRI data to show that time-varying fMRI functional connectivity, detected at time-scales of a few seconds, has associations with some behavioural traits that are not dominated by anatomy. Despite time-averaged functional connectivity accounting for the largest proportion of variability in the fMRI signal between individuals, we found that some aspects of intelligence could only be explained by time-varying functional connectivity. The finding that time-varying fMRI functional connectivity has a unique relationship to population behavioural variability suggests that it might reflect transient neuronal communication fluctuating around a stable neural architecture.
TELOMERE LENGTH VARIANTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA RISK: IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL GLIOMA RISK LOCUS BY GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY (2014)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive form of glioma, has a median survival time of just 15 months. Both inherited and acquired genetic variation influence gliomagenesis. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered seven glioma risk loci, including two in genes involved in telomere structure and function (TERT and RTEL1). METHODS: To identify novel high-grade glioma risk loci, we performed SNP imputation and meta-analysis of genome-wide array data from The University of California, San Francisco Adult Glioma Study (AGS), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium (WTCCC) (1,013 cases and 6,595 controls). SNPs with P < 1.0x10-6 in the discovery meta-analysis underwent attempted replication in an additional 631 glioblastoma cases and 1141 controls from The Mayo Clinic and UCSF. To investigate potential functional mechanisms through which SNPs might promote gliomagenesis, we examined the relationship between mean leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and glioma risk loci using data from a recent GWAS of LTL (N = 37,684). RESULTS: One novel SNP association from the discovery phase meta-analysis met criteria for attempted replication. This SNP was significantly associated with high-grade glioma risk in the replication dataset (P = 3.4x10-3). The combined P-value for all 1644 cases and 7736 controls achieved genome-wide statistical significance (8.3x10-9). Glioma risk alleles in both our newly identified risk region and the known TERT risk locus were strongly associated with longer LTL (P < 5.0x10-8). In contrast, glioma risk alleles near RTEL1 were inconsistently associated with LTL and suggested the presence of distinct causal alleles underlying these two phenotypes. No other established glioma risk loci were associated with LTL. CONCLUSIONS: We identify a novel genome-wide significant association between a constitutive SNP and glioma risk. Because telomere maintenance is a universal requirement of oncogenic progression and telomere length displays substantial interindividual variability, telomere length is a promising epidemiologic risk factor for human cancers. We demonstrate that alleles in our novel locus and in TERT are associated with both longer mean LTL and with increased glioma risk. These results strongly implicate inherited variation near these two genes in facilitating gliomagenesis through a mechanism involving lengthened telomeres. SECONDARY CATEGORY: n/a.
LOW-EMITTANCE MONOENERGETIC ELECTRON AND ION BEAMS FROM ULTRA-INTENSE LASER-SOLID INTERACTIONS (2000)

Recent experiments at the LLNL Petawatt Laser have demonstrated the generation of intense, high energy beams of electrons and ions from the interaction of ultra-intense laser light with solid targets. Focused laser intensities as high as 6 x 10{sup 20} W/cm{sup 2} are achieved, at which point the quiver energies of the target electrons extend to {approx}10 MeV. In this new, fully relativistic regime of laser-plasma interactions, nuclear processes become important and nuclear techniques are required to diagnose the high-energy particle production. In recent experiments we have observed electrons accelerated to 100 MeV, up to 60 MeV brehmsstrahlung generation, photo-nuclear fission and positron-electron pair creation. We also have observed monoenergetic jets of electrons having sufficiently small emittance to be interesting as a laser-accelerated beam, if the production mechanism could be understood and controlled. The huge flux of multi-MeV ponderomotively accelerated electrons produced in the laser-solid interaction is also observed to accelerate contaminant ions from the rear surface of the solid target up to 50 MeV. We describe spectroscopic measurements which reveal intense monoenergetic beam features in the proton energy spectrum. The total spectrum contains &gt;10{sup 13} protons, while the monoenergetic beam pulses contain {approx}1 nC of protons, and exhibits a longitudinal and transverse emittance smaller than conventional RF proton accelerator beams.
Ozone-Induced Alteration in β-Adrenergic Pharmacological Modulation of Pulmonary Macrophages (1996)

Ozone is a ubiquitous air pollutant which can affect numerous function s of the respiratory system. However, previous work has not provided any information concerning its ability to modulate pharmacological receptors of pulmonary macrophages. This study examined, using a chemiluminescence assay, the beta-adrenergic modulation of pulmonary macrophages harvested from rabbits exposed for 3 hr/day for 5 days to 0.1, 0.3 or 0.6 ppm ozone (O3) or to 3 hr/day for 20 days to 0.1 or 0.3 ppm. Receptor activity was monitored using release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following administration to the cells of the beta2-receptor agonist, isoproterenol. An O3-exposure concentration-dependent response was observed for isoproterenol efficacy following 5-day exposures, in that 0.1 ppm O3 induced a significant enhancement of beta-adrenergic inhibition of ROS production, 0.3 ppm ozone produced no significant change from control, and 0.6 ppm decreased inhibition. No significant effects on beta-adrenergic modulation were noted following the 20-day exposures. The results of this study suggest that short-term repeated exposures to O3 are capable of inducing alterations in the pharmacological functioning of pulmonary macrophages, while longer term exposures may result in adaptation. Alterations in receptor function have implications in terms of pulmonary defense and disease.
Digital Motion Analysis As A Tool For Analysing The Shape And Performance of The Circulatory System in Transparent Animals (2000)

The analysis of perfusion parameters using the frame-to-frame technique and the observation of small blood vessels in transparent animals using video microscopy can be tedious and very difficult because of the poor contrast of the images. Injection of a fluorescent probe (fluorescein isothiocynate, FITC) bound to a high-molecular-mass dextran improved the visibility of blood vessels, but the gray-scale histogram showed blurring at the edges of the vessels. Furthermore, injection of the fluorescent probe into the ventricle of small zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos (body mass approximately 1 mg) often resulted in reduced cardiac activity. Digital motion analysis, however, proved to be a very effective tool for analysing the shape and performance of the circulatory system in transparent animals and tissues. By subtracting the two fields of a video frame (the odd and the even frame), any movement that occurred within the 20 ms necessary for the acquisition of one field could be visualised. The length of the shifting vector generated by this subtraction, represented a direct measure of the velocity of a moving particle, i.e. an erythrocyte in the vascular system. By accumulating shifting vectors generated from several consecutive video frames, a complete trace of the routes over which erythrocytes moved could be obtained. Thus, a cast of the vascular system, except for those tiny vessels that are not entered by erythrocytes, could be obtained. Because the gray-scale value of any given pixel or any given group of pixels increased with the number of erythrocytes passing it, digital motion analysis could also be used to visualise the distribution of blood cells in transparent tissues. This method was used to describe the development of the peripheral vascular system in zebrafish larvae up to 8 days post-fertilisation. At this stage, food intake resulted in a clear redistribution of blood between muscle tissue and the gut, and alpha-adrenergic control of peripheral blood flow was established.
Detection with Adaptive Arrays with Irregular Digital Subarrays (2007)

In this paper we combine advanced ABF algorithms like LSMI, LMI, CAPS, and concepts for adaptive guard channels with subarrayed planar arrays together with the theoretical results available in the field of adaptive detection (GLRT, ACE, AMF tests). The aim is to define a robust adaptive sidelobe blanking (ASB) detector against combined impulse and CW interference. For the selection of the thresholds we define the detection margin as a direction dependent tool instead of the commonly used main and guard channel antenna patterns. This criterion gives insight into the critical scenarios for detection. One result we obtain is that an ASB based on the GLRT together with a low sidelobe preserving ABF algorithm like CAPS has superior performance.
The role of ACTH in the episodic release of aldosterone in patients with idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia, hypertension, and hyperaldosteronism. (1976)

&lt;p&gt;For Breezeblock #20, FA NYC editor Michael Nicholas spoke to Andi Schmied, whose book &lt;em&gt;Private Views&lt;/em&gt; documents her experiences being shown around high-rise luxury apartments in New York disguised as a Hungarian billionaire. Through transcripts of conversations with brokers, photos of views not intended to be seen by the public, and a number of essays from contributors on the subject, the book illuminates how inequality is built into New York City’s real estate market.&lt;/p&gt;\n
Revised robotic interaction service (RoIS) framework (2011)

This paper is based on our extensive surveys on human-robot interaction function methodologies and implementations, which are currently used in robotic products and research project in Japan and Korea. This specification defines a framework that can handle messages and data exchanged between human-robot interaction service components and service applications.
Ultra low-power angular position sensor for high-speed portable applications (2009)

We present a technique for contactless angular position sensing that allows low power consumption while keeping dynamic properties comparable to existing sensors. The technique essentially consists in combining a recently developed sensing element, the so-called Circular Vertical Hall Device, with a simple and robust signal treatment based on phase detection. Because of its low startup time, this circuit is specially suited for pulsed mode operation, which enables to further decrease the power consumption. More generally, the absence of complex digital signal treatment makes this technique a natural method for measuring the magnetic field direction and therefore for designing an angular position sensor using Hall probes.
Surgical management of patients following traumatic spinal cord injury: Identifying barriers to early surgery in a specialized spinal cord injury center (2016)

A dedicated team for surgical treatment of individuals with T-SCI, involving direct transfer to the SCI center, faster surgery planning and access to the operating room in hospitals dealing with emergencies from all subspecialties could improve surgical delay and increase the rate of patients undergoing ES.
ChemInform Abstract: [(Bisphosphine) Ru(II) Diamine] Complexes in Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Expanding the Scope of the Diamine Ligand (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The psychrophilic lifestyle as revealed by the genome sequence of Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H through genomic and proteomic analyses (2005)

The completion of the 5,373,180-bp genome sequence of the marine psychrophilic bacterium Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H, a model for the study of life in permanently cold environments, reveals capabilities important to carbon and nutrient cycling, bioremediation, production of secondary metabolites, and cold-adapted enzymes. From a genomic perspective, cold adaptation is suggested in several broad categories involving changes to the cell membrane fluidity, uptake and synthesis of compounds conferring cryotolerance, and strategies to overcome temperature-dependent barriers to carbon uptake. Modeling of three-dimensional protein homology from bacteria representing a range of optimal growth temperatures suggests changes to proteome composition that may enhance enzyme effectiveness at low temperatures. Comparative genome analyses suggest that the psychrophilic lifestyle is most likely conferred not by a unique set of genes but by a collection of synergistic changes in overall genome content and amino acid composition.