gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Note: Method for overcoming ductile failure in Münstedt-type extensional rheometers (2009)

The purpose of this note is to introduce an experimental technique to overcome ductile failure in uniaxial extensional flow and show a simple illustration of its effectiveness. Ductile failure prevents the rheological measurement of transient stress growth at higher strains for certain strain-hardening materials. This reduces the accuracy of nonlinear parameters for constitutive equations fit from transient stress growth data, as well as their effectiveness in modeling extensionally driven processes such as film casting. We propose an experimental technique to overcome ductile failure called encapsulation in which the material that undergoes ductile failure is surrounded by a resin that readily deforms homogeneously at higher strains. The materials are arranged in concentric cylinders and are deformed in parallel. A simple parallel model is shown to calculate the viscosity of the core material and is tested for its robustness in a linear low-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene system in which the viscosities of each resin are known at all strains, strain rates, and temperatures investigated. Agreement is found at each strain rate investigated across all strains studied. The method is then extended to measure the viscosity of a sparsely branched high-density polyethylene HDPE system that undergoes ductile failure at higher strain rates. The technique shows good agreement with experimental results up to the onset of ductile failure in the pure resin and predicts viscosity growth of the HDPE resin well beyond the critical strain for the onset of failure seen in experimental measurements of the pure HDPE. Repeatability of the technique is also illustrated.
Novel ATP‐competitive Akt inhibitor afuresertib suppresses the proliferation of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells (2017)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), an asbestos-related occupational disease, is an aggressive and incurable tumor of the thoracic cavity. Despite recent advances in MPM treatment, overall survival of patients with MPM is very low. Recent studies have implicated that PI3K/Akt signaling is involved in MPM cell survival and development. To investigate the effects of Akt inhibitors on MPM cell survival, we examined the effects of nine selective Akt inhibitors, namely, afuresertib, Akti-1/2, AZD5363, GSK690693, ipatasertib, MK-2206, perifosine, PHT-427, and TIC10, on six MPM cell lines, namely, ACC-MESO-4, Y-MESO-8A, MSTO-211H, NCI-H28, NCI-H290, and NCI-H2052, and a normal mesothelial cell line MeT-5A. Comparison of IC<sub>50</sub> values of the Akt inhibitors showed that afuresertib, an ATP-competitive specific Akt inhibitor, exerted tumor-specific effects on MPM cells. Afuresertib significantly increased caspase-3 and caspase-7 activities and apoptotic cell number among ACC-MESO-4 and MSTO-211H cells. Moreover, afuresertib strongly arrested the cell cycle in the G<sub>1</sub> phase. Western blotting analysis showed that afuresertib increased the expression of p21<sup>WAF</sup><sup>1/</sup><sup>CIP</sup><sup>1</sup> and decreased the phosphorylation of Akt substrates, including GSK-3β and FOXO family proteins. These results suggest that afuresertib-induced p21 expression promotes G<sub>1</sub> phase arrest by inducing FOXO activity. Furthermore, afuresertib significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Interestingly, results of gene set enrichment analysis showed that afuresertib modulated the expression E2F1 and MYC, which are associated with fibroblast core serum response. Together, these results suggest that afuresertib is a useful anticancer drug for treating patients with MPM.
Autoclave sterilization of dental handpieces: A literature review (2019)

Although type B and type S autoclaves allow us to sterilize the dental handpieces, it is important to realize that complete sterilization of the handpiece is not always achieved by type N autoclave. Understanding autoclave processing of handpieces is essential for dental practice to deliver the safe dental care.
Data from Pharmacological and Protein Profiling Suggests Venetoclax (ABT-199) as Optimal Partner with Ibrutinib in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a critical enzyme in the B-cell receptor pathway and is inhibited by ibrutinib due to covalent binding to the kinase domain. Though ibrutinib results in impressive clinical activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), most patients achieve only partial remission due to residual disease. We performed a pharmacologic profiling of residual circulating CLL cells from patients receiving ibrutinib to identify optimal agents that could induce cell death of these lymphocytes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; serial samples of CLL cells from patients on ibrutinib were obtained prior and after (weeks 2, 4, and 12) the start of treatment. These cells were incubated with PI3K inhibitors (idelalisib or IPI-145), bendamustine, additional ibrutinib, or BCL-2 antagonists (ABT-737 or ABT-199), and cell death was measured. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; investigations complemented &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; studies. Immunoblots for BTK signaling pathway and antiapoptotic proteins were performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The BCL-2 antagonists, especially ABT-199, induced high cell death during &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; incubations. In concert with the &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; data, &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; combinations also resulted in high cytotoxicity. Serial samples of CLL cells obtained before and 2, 4, 12, or 36 weeks after the start of ibrutinib showed inhibition of BTK activity and sensitivity to ABTs. Among the three BCL-2 family antiapoptotic proteins that are overexpressed in CLL, levels of MCL-1 and BCL-X&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; were decreased after ibrutinib while ABT-199 selectively antagonizes BCL-2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our biologic and molecular results suggest that ibrutinib and ABT-199 combination should be tested clinically against CLL. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 21(16); 3705–15. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
How to solve inverse scattering problems without knowing the source term: a three-step strategy (2019)

Abstract The solution of inverse scattering problems always presupposed knowledge of the incident wavefield and require repeated computations of the forward problem, for which knowing the source term is crucial. Here we present a three-step strategy to solve inverse scattering problems when the time signature of the source is unknown. The proposed strategy combines three recent techniques: (i) wave splitting to retrieve the incident and the scattered wavefields, (ii) time-reversed absorbing conditions ( TRAC ) for redatuming the data inside the computational domain, (iii) adaptive eigenspace inversion (AEI) to solve the inverse problem. Numerical results illustrate step-by-step the feasibility of the proposed strategy.
Synthesis of PES and PES/chitosan membranes for synthetic acid mine drainage treatment (2020)

In this study, chitosan was synthesised from chitin and used to modify polyethersulphone (PES) membrane prepared by the phase inversion method. PES membrane was blended with various concentrations of chitosan to produce PES/0.5 wt% chitosan, PES/0.75 wt% chitosan and PES/1 wt% chitosan membranes. The membranes were tested for metal and sulphate removal from acid mine drainage (AMD). The fabricated membranes were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle analyser, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), porosity determination and pure water flux measurements. Separation performance was conducted on a dead-end filtration cell and metal ions were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry was used for sulphates. Pure water flux of the pristine PES membrane increased from 102 L∙m−2∙h−1 to 107 L∙m−2∙h−1 and 133 L∙m−2∙h−1 for PES/0.5 wt% and PES/0.75 wt%, respectively. Further addition of chitosan to 1 wt% created a dense structure on the membrane surface, thereby reducing the flux to 120 L∙m−2∙h−1. The rejection of cations and sulphate ions significantly improved for chitosan-modified membranes due to the creation of adsorptive and/or repulsive sites on the chitosan biopolymer as a result of amine group protonation. The results reveal that chitosan has potential to improve performance of PES membranes as a hydrophilic agent during AMD treatment.
Estimating QP and motion vectors in H.264/AVC video from decoded pixels (2010)

In this paper we present a method for blindly estimating the quantization parameter (QP) and the motion-vectors in H.264/AVC decoded video. We assume that only the decoded pixel values are available. This models pretty well the dissemination over the Internet of user-generated contents, where a video may pass through several coding/processing stages from acquisition to publication and download.
Free-Energy Cost of Bending n-Dodecane in Aqueous Solution. Influence of the Hydrophobic Effect and Solvent Exposed Area (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree-Energy Cost of Bending n-Dodecane in Aqueous Solution. Influence of the Hydrophobic Effect and Solvent Exposed AreaA. Wallqvist and D. G. CovellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 35, 13118–13125Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/j100035a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (958 KB) Get e-Alerts
Lean and active virtual meetings (2007)

Virtual meetings - real-time collaboration between people in separate locations - can be greatly enhanced by centering on the mobile phone, a device many people carry with them everywhere. The concept Lean and active virtual meetings has been developed to resolve many of the problems and issues faced by users of today's virtual meeting technology. Such issues include cumbersome login procedures and difficulties for on-the-move, mobile-phone-only participants to be active and make an impact. The idea is to evolve the concept gradually from currently existing voice conferencing into the full concept where meeting participants use their mobile phone for all meeting functions, in particular authentication, conference audio and document sharing support. Concept tests reveal that intended target user groups find the concept credible, addressing relevant "pain-points" and containing many interesting services. Ease of use is of particular importance. A prototype based on Java and UMTS has been developed that demonstrates some key functionalities, such as simple meeting start and participant status list. We now continue to explore the concept from an end-user, a business and a technology perspective. The prototype will be further developed towards the full concept and used for more extensive user trialing. For long-term implementation, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) is of key interest.
Rhythms and blues: modulation of oscillatory synchrony and the mechanism of action of antidepressant treatments (2015)

Treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) act at different hierarchical levels of biological complexity, ranging from the individual synapse to the brain as a whole. Theories of antidepressant medication action traditionally have focused on the level of cell-to-cell interaction and synaptic neurotransmission. However, recent evidence suggests that modulation of synchronized electrical activity in neuronal networks is a common effect of antidepressant treatments, including not only medications, but also neuromodulatory treatments such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Synchronization of oscillatory network activity in particular frequency bands has been proposed to underlie neurodevelopmental and learning processes, and also may be important in the mechanism of action of antidepressant treatments. Here, we review current research on the relationship between neuroplasticity and oscillatory synchrony, which suggests that oscillatory synchrony may help mediate neuroplastic changes related to neurodevelopment, learning, and memory, as well as medication and neuromodulatory treatment for MDD. We hypothesize that medication and neuromodulation treatments may have related effects on the rate and pattern of neuronal firing, and that these effects underlie antidepressant efficacy. Elucidating the mechanisms through which oscillatory synchrony may be related to neuroplasticity could lead to enhanced treatment strategies for MDD.
Low intensity ultrasound treatment increases strength in a rat femoral fracture model (1994)

Bilateral closed femoral shaft fractures were made in 22 male Long-Evans rats. In 16 animals, ultrasound was applied to one limb for 15 minutes daily 10 times within the first 14 postoperative days. The treated limbs received a 200 microseconds burst of 1.5 or 0.5 MHz sine waves repeated at 1.0 kHz at a spatial average and temporal average intensity of 30 mW/cm2. The contralateral limb of each animal served as a nontreated control. Six remaining animals with fractures and six additional animals without fractures received sham ultrasound treatment to control for the effects of anesthesia and handling. Fracture repair was evaluated on postoperative day 21 by radiography, mechanical testing in torsion, and histology. Five of 16 ultrasound-treated fractures showed obliteration of the fracture gap on radiographs, whereas none of the 28 controls did. The average maximum torque of fractures treated with either signal was 22% greater than that of the contralateral controls (p < 0.05). The stiffness of treated fractures was greater than that of control fractures, but the difference was significant only in animals treated with the 1.5 MHz signal (p < 0.02). Sham treatment did not affect repair in the control group. These results indicate that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound at either 0.5 or 1.5 MHz can accelerate fracture repair at 21 days in this highly controlled model.
Mineral Deposition in the Extracellular Matrices of Vertebrate Tissues: Identification of Possible Apatite Nucleation Sites on Type I Collagen (2008)

The possible means by which type I collagen may mediate mineralization in normal vertebrate bone, tendon, dentin and cementum as well as in pathological mineral formation are not fully understood. One consideration in this regard is that the structure of the protein is somehow important in binding calcium and phosphate ions in a stereochemical configuration conducive to nucleation of apatite crystals. In the present study, type I collagen, packed in a quarter-staggered arrangement in two dimensions and a quasi-hexagonal model of microfibrillar assembly in three dimensions, has been examined in terms of several of its charged amino acid residues. These included glutamic and aspartic acid, lysine, arginine, hydroxylysine and histidine, whose positions along the three alpha-chain axes of the collagen molecule were determined with respect to each other. It was found that the locations of these residues specified sites uniquely suited as potential apatite nucleation centers following binding of calcium and phosphate ions. From this analysis, it would appear that type I collagen provides a template of charged amino acid residues that dictates ion binding critical to subsequent nucleation events for mineral formation in vertebrate tissues.
Preface (2001)

organized this conference following the very successful initial conference in Hershey in June of 1997.The meeting was a relatively small international meeting (with approximately 70 participants), that was highly interactive, with its focus on the immature brain.Thirty-one participants from 10 countries, including the USA, presented plenary talks, with seven additional poster presentations.The conference brought together clinicians, basic scientists, fellows and graduate students in a relaxed setting to share their discoveries and thoughts with the goal of understanding the mechanisms that lead to perinatal brain injury.
Effect of Multiple Gene Transfers of Insulinlike Growth Factor I Complementary DNA Gene Constructs in Rats After Thermal Injury (1999)

Gene transfer rates can be increased by multiple injections of liposomes encapsulating IGF-I cDNA constructs. Increased transfer results in greater IGF-I protein skin concentrations, accelerated wound healing, and increased serum and liver protein concentrations. The clinical relevance of these findings is that liposomal gene constructs should be applied in well-defined distances to improve gene transfer in the skin, and thus clinical outcome after thermal injury.
Complexation by Organic Matter Controls Uranium Mobility in Anoxic Sediments (2019)

Uranium contamination threatens the availability of safe and clean drinking water globally. This toxic element occurs both naturally and as a result of mining and ore-processing in alluvial sediments, where it accumulates as tetravalent U [U(IV)], a form once considered largely immobile. Changing hydrologic and geochemical conditions cause U to be released into groundwater. Knowledge of the chemical form(s) of U(IV) is essential to understand the release mechanism, yet the relevant U(IV) species are poorly characterized. There is growing belief that natural organic matter (OM) binds U(IV) and mediates its fate in the subsurface. In this work, we combined nanoscale imaging (nano secondary ion mass spectrometry and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy) with a density-based fractionation approach to physically and microscopically isolate organic and mineral matter from alluvial sediments contaminated with uranium. We identified two populations of U (dominantly +IV) in anoxic sediments. Uranium was retained on OM and adsorbed to particulate organic carbon, comprising both microbial and plant material. Surprisingly, U was also adsorbed to clay minerals and OM-coated clay minerals. The dominance of OM-associated U provides a framework to understand U mobility in the shallow subsurface, and, in particular, emphasizes roles for desorption and colloid formation in its mobilization.
Tivozanib reverses multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and ABCG2 (BCRP) (2013)

We conclude that tivozanib at noncytotoxic concentrations has the previously unknown activity of reversing multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters.
Towards the efficient use of simulation in building performance analysis: a user survey (2003)

Inadequate presentation of analytical results has been identified as a barrier to the use of simulation tools in the construction industry. The objective of this paper is to substantiate the existence of this barrier and to provide data to support research into its effective removal. The approach taken is to survey users by means of an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Survey data is presented for each step of the analytical process alongside details of the respondents' levels of experience with various software applications. The majority of respondents were either building services or structural engineers and an intergroup comparison is made. Building services engineers of various levels of experience participated in follow-up interviews and the results are presented. The survey results indicate that whilst difficulties of working with analytical results are recognized as a barrier to using simulation other barriers are perceived to be a greater hindrance. Users were also generally happy with the presentation of their results. However the interviewees all described the lengthy process required to validate their analytical models and stated that their tools require improvement to aid this process. The paper argues that whilst not recognized as the greatest barrier to the use of simulation tools there is justification for improving the manipulation and presentation of analytical results.
Yeast-based assay for measuring the functional activity of an HIV-1 protease in response to an antiviral agent (2016)

US Patent 9,493,769
A far-infrared spectrometer based on cyclotron resonance emission sources (1992)

Practical realization of the spectrometer based on the cyclotron emission sources is presented. It is shown that it can be used for transmission measurements in the range from 35 to 110 cm−1 with resolution up to 1.3 cm−1. Performances of the spectrometer are demonstrated by its application to the studies of impurity and free-electron states in two-dimensional structures.
An Anti-Tumor Nanoparticle, [Gd@C<SUB>82</SUB>(OH)<SUB>22</SUB>]<SUB>n</SUB>, Induces Macrophage Activation (2011)

[Gd@C82(OH)22]n, a fullerene-based nanoparticle, exhibits potent anti-tumor effects in mouse tumor-bearing models without detectable toxicity and the pathological studies revealed a massive infiltration of leukocytes in the residual tumors of [Gd@C82(OH)22]n-treated mice. We report here that [Gd@C82(OH)22]n promotes macrophages secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha, enhances the expression of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules such as CD40 and CD54, increases endocytosis and cell adhesion. Furthermore, [Gd@C82(OH)22]n-treated macrophages became functionally activated as illustrated by their capacity to activate allogeneic T cells. Taken together, our results indicate that [Gd@C82(OH)22]n nanoparticle is a potent activator of macrophages, which may in part account for its potent anti-tumor effect.
Overview of Computer-Aided Engineering of Batteries and Introduction to Multi-Scale, Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Li-Ion Batteries (Presentation) (2012)

This 2012 Annual Merit Review presentation gives an overview of the Computer-Aided Engineering of Batteries (CAEBAT) project and introduces the Multi-Scale, Multi-Dimensional model for modeling lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SULFURYL FLUORIDE, SULFURYL CHLOROFLUORIDE AND SULFURYL CHLORIDE WITH AMINES (1982)

Abstract Die Reaktion der Sulforylhalogenide (Ia)‐(Ic) mit verschiedenen.
A Case of Pseudo-Human Tail with Nevus Anemicus (2015)

生後 15 日，女児。生下時より左臀部の索状腫瘤を認めた。腫瘤の近傍には貧血母斑を伴っていた。生後 1 カ月時に局所麻酔下に切除し，病理組織学的に pseudo-human tail と診断した。下肢の神経症状や膀胱直腸障害はなかった。その後臀裂の偏位が強くなり，術創部の皮下に軟らかい隆起が目立ってきたため，二分脊椎を疑い生後 2 カ月時に脳神経外科へ紹介した。CT・MRI にて L5以下のレベルで脊柱管内に脊髄と連続した脂肪腫を認めた。脳神経外科で全身麻酔下に係留解除術を施行された。術後一過性に膀胱直腸障害をきたしたが，保存治療で軽快した。現在まで再発やその他の神経学的症状は認めていない。 Human tail は，尾骨の有無で true human tail と pseudo-human tail に分けられる。Pseudo-human tail には二分脊椎などの合併症を伴うことが多い。二分脊椎では仙尾部に様々な皮膚症状を高率に合併する。深部で脊髄腔と連続していることもあり，術前に CT や MRI などの画像評価を十分に行う必要がある。