gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Label-free Quantitative Proteomics for the Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis Reveal Distinct Abundance Patterns upon Growth on Cellobiose, Crystalline Cellulose, and Switchgrass (2011)

Mass spectrometric analysis of Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis cultures grown on four different carbon sources identified 65% of the cells' predicted proteins in cell lysates and supernatants. Biological and technical replication together with sophisticated statistical analysis were used to reliably quantify protein abundances and their changes as a function of carbon source. Extracellular, multifunctional glycosidases were significantly more abundant on cellobiose than on the crystalline cellulose substrates Avicel and filter paper, indicating either disaccharide induction or constitutive protein expression. Highly abundant flagellar, chemotaxis, and pilus proteins were detected during growth on insoluble substrates, suggesting motility or specific substrate attachment. The highly abundant extracellular binding protein COB47_0549 together with the COB47_1616 ATPase might comprise the primary ABC-transport system for cellooligosaccharides, while COB47_0096 and COB47_0097 could facilitate monosaccharide uptake. Oligosaccharide degradation can occur either via extracellular hydrolysis by a GH1 β-glycosidase or by intracellular phosphorolysis using two GH94 enzymes. When C. obsidiansis was grown on switchgrass, the abundance of hemicellulases (including GH3, GH5, GH51, and GH67 enzymes) and certain sugar transporters increased significantly. Cultivation on biomass also caused a concerted increase in cytosolic enzymes for xylose and arabinose fermentation.
Reference Intervals for Selected Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Measurands in Temminck's Pangolin (Smutsia temminckii) (2021)

Pangolins are the world's most trafficked non-human mammals. A significant number of Temminck's pangolins (<i>Smutsia temminckii</i>) are presented for veterinary care and rehabilitation in southern Africa. Little is known about the physiology and normal health of this species, making diagnosis and medical management difficult. This study aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for hematology and plasma clinical chemistry in the Temminck's pangolin. RIs were generated according to international guidelines using samples from 27 healthy free-living (<i>n</i> = 18) and rehabilitated (<i>n</i> = 9) pangolins. Hematology was performed using the Abaxis VetScan HM5 analyzer with manual differentials; clinical chemistry was performed using heparin plasma on the Abaxis VetScan VS2 and Cobas Integra 400 Plus analyzers. Hematology RIs were: RBC 3.88-8.31 × 10<sup>12</sup>/L, HGB 73-150 g/L, HCT 26-51%, MCV 59-72 fL, MCH 15.6-21.4 pg, MCHC 257-325 g/L, RDW 14.3-19.1%, WBC 1.80-10.71 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L. Vetscan VS2 clinical chemistry RIs were: albumin 27-41 g/L, ALP 26-100 U/L, ALT 25-307 U/L, amylase 267-826 U/L, bilirubin 4-10 μmol/L, calcium 2.1-2.2 mmol/L, globulin 21-55 g/L, glucose 3.8-10.0 mmol/L, phosphate 1.3-2.6 mmol/L, potassium 3.6-5.9 mmol/L, sodium 132-140 mmol/L total protein 52-84 g/L, and urea 5.3-11.4 mmol/L. RIs for creatinine were not calculated as analytical imprecision exceeded analytical performance goals. Cobas Integra clinical chemistry RIs were: albumin 22-33 g/L, ALP 20-104 U/L, ALT 17-291 U/L, amylase 466-1,533 U/L, bilirubin 1-14 μmol/L, calcium 2.0-2.4 mmol/L, creatinine <58 μmol/L, globulin 23-49 g/L, glucose 3.6-10.1 mmol/L, phosphate 1.0-2.2 mmol/L, potassium 3.1-5.8 mmol/L, sodium 137-150 mmol/L, total protein 47-72 g/L, and urea 6.0-12.5 mmol/L. There was significant bias between the two chemistry analyzers for several measurands. Differences were found for some analytes between free-living and rehabilitated animals, probably reflecting differences in nutrition and hydration. These are the first RIs generated for Temminck's pangolin. These results will allow veterinarians to better determine pangolin health status, formulate optimal treatment plans and increase patient survival rates in this endangered species.
Influence of Genotype, Plant Growth Temperature and Anther Incubation Temperature on Microspore Embryo Production inBrassica napus ssp. oleifera (1985)

Eleven Fx hybrid genotypes of winter rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera) were used in a study of induction and growth of microspore-derived embryos. Plants of each genotype were grown in controlled environments at either a constant 15 CC or a constant 20 °C, both with a 16 h photoperiod. Equal numbers of buds, approximately 2-5 mm in length, containing uninucleate microspores were harvested from each genotype and either pretreated (14 d at 4°C) or dissected immediately after harvest. Anthers were cultured on liquid medium based upon that of Murashige and Skoog (1962) and containing 8% sucrose, 0-5 mg dm-3 naphthylacetic acid and 0-05 mg dm-3 benzylaminopurine. Anthers from equal samples of buds were incubated at 35 °C for 0,1, 2 or 3 d before transfer to 30 °C (21 d) and then 25 °C. After a total of 42 d incubation, cultures were scored for the presence of macroscopic embryos (1-2 mm in length) and for the presence of anthers containing aborted embryoids which had not developed further. The results showed first that bud pretreatment completely inhibited induction and secondly that anthers of all genotypes had an absolute requirement for a 35 °C treatment (optimal duration 2 d) in order to induce embryoid formation. In the great majority of genotypes plants grown at 15 °C provided ore productive anthers than plants grown at 20 °C. However, within each treatment there were great differences both in the frequency of anthers showing induced embryoids and of the final yield of embryos. There was evidence that hybrids with a common parent responded similarly under certain treatments. This confirmed the importance of genotypic control for some components of embryo yield.
Vibrational spectra of metal salts of bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) (1995)

The vibrational spectra of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (NaAOT), and NaAOT exchanged with alkali-metal (Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs), Ba2+ and Ce3+ and tetraphenylarsonium (TPA+) cations have been investigated. The effect of the charge-to-radius ratio of the counterion on the symmetric and antisymmetric sulfonate stretching modes has been studied to obtain a more comprehensive assignment of these modes for NaAOT. The symmetric sulfonate stretching mode shifted to lower wavenumber with increasing counterion radius, due to a decrease in the interaction between the cation and the SO3– group. A difference was observed between the IR and Raman spectra for the wavenumber of the symmetric sulfonate stretching mode, which was attributed to correlation coupling. This difference also decreased with increasing counterion radius. In the limiting case involving the large (TPA+) counterion, the symmetric sulfonate stretching mode appeared at the same wavenumber in the Raman and IR spectra. The spectrum of a model compound, bis(2-ethylhexyl)succinate (i.e. NaAOT without the sulfonate moiety), was used to assign bands in the 1300–1100 cm–1 region of the IR spectrum of NaAOT. This region consists of C–C and C–O stretching modes associated with the succinate backbone, and non-degenerate, antisymmetric stretching modes of the SO3– group. The correlation splitting yields four antisymmetric sulfonate stretching modes. The splitting decreases with increasing counterion radius, due to a reduction in the interaction between the cation and the SO3– group. The doubly degenerate, antisymmetric sulfonate stretching mode appeared as a single, broad band in the spectrum of (TPA)AOT. The carbonyl stretching mode of NaAOT appears as an asymmetric band between 1720 and 1740 cm–1. This asymmetry was attributed to different conformations about the acyl C–C bond. Weak interactions between the Na+ counterion and the carbonyl group may also contribute to the intensity of the lower-wavenumber band.
Association of daunorubicin to a lipid nanoemulsion that binds to low-density lipoprotein receptors enhances the antitumour action and decreases the toxicity of the drug in melanoma-bearing mice (2014)

Compared with DNR, LDE-oDNR improved tumour growth inhibition and survival rates with pronouncedly less toxicity, and thus may become a new tool for cancer treatment.
Folate status, metabolic genotype, and biomarkers of genotoxicity in healthy subjects (2003)

Gene-environment interactions play an important role in folate metabolism, with a potential impact on human health. Deficiencies in the uptake of key micronutrients and variant genotypes can affect the folic acid cycle, modulating methyl group transfer in key processes and leading to increased cancer risk and Down syndrome incidence. So far, the significance of folate status and metabolic genotypes on baseline levels of DNA damage in normal individuals has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the possible modulation of SCE, micronuclei and tail moment values in peripheral lymphocytes by plasma levels of folic acid, homocysteine and vitamin B12, and by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) A66G polymorphisms was investigated in 191 healthy subjects. The results obtained show a highly significant (P = 0.001) positive association between plasma levels of vitamin B12 and frequencies of both SCE and high frequency cells (HFC, above 90 degrees percentile) in smokers. No significant effect was observed in non-smokers. Moreover, after correction for age, gender and GSTM1 genotype, a significant association (P = 0.026) between the MTRR 66GG variant genotype and higher micronucleus rates was observed. Tail moment values were not affected by any of the independent variables considered. Overall, the results obtained suggest that both folate status and relevant metabolic genotype can influence background levels of DNA damage in normal subjects. The significant association observed in smokers between plasma vitamin B12 and SCE frequencies may highlight the effect of methylation status on DNA damage and repair, although the role of other, unidentified dietary factors cannot be ruled out. At the same time, micronucleus data indicate that the MTRR 66GG variant may represent another individual trait of relative genomic instability, thus supporting epidemiological data on increased risk of Down syndrome conception in MTRR 66GG subjects.
Novel enzyme immunoassay and optimized DNA extraction for the detection of polymerase-chain-reaction-amplified viral DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue. (1997)

Four different DNA extraction methods were compared to determine their ability to provide DNA for amplification of viral sequences from paraffin-embedded human tissue samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The suitability of extraction methods was assessed using parameters like DNA yield, length of recovered DNA fragments, and duration. Furthermore, the efficiency of amplifying a human single-copy gene, the beta-globin gene, from DNA samples was tested. The best preservation of DNA molecules could be achieved by binding the DNA onto a silica column before further purification. Viral DNA sequences could be amplified by PCR in DNA extracted from routinely processed paraffin blocks from cases with clinically or morphologically suspected cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus infections. The PCR products were specified by a novel liquid hybridization assay called PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using this assay, the time-consuming Southern hybridization could be replaced and the time requirement for the detection of PCR products could be reduced from 1 day to 4 hours. The assay system described here represents a reliable, sensitive, and specific method for the detection of viral DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue samples.
Chiral effects on the carbon-13 resonances of .alpha.-tocopherol and related compounds. A novel illustration of Newman's "rule of six" (1989)

The 100-MHz 13C NMR spectrum of (2R,4′R,8′R)-α-tocopherol (natural vitamin E) has been completely assigned with the aid of a number of selectively deuteriated (2R,4′R,8′R)-α-tocopherols. The 13C NMR spectrum of (2RS,4′RS,8′RS)-α-tocopherol (all-racemic, synthetic vitamin E) has also been measured. Many of the individual carbons in this all-racemic mixture of eight α-tocopherol stereoisomers give more than one resonance with eight of the carbons (2-CH3, 2′, 3′, 4′, 4′-CH3, 5′, 8′, and 9′) giving the maximum number of four resonances from each of the four enantiomeric pairs; these resonances have also been assigned. The structurally related 5′-hydroxy-2-(4′,8′,12′-trimethyltridecyl)-2,4,6,7- tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (HTDBF) has been synthesized for the first time in the 2R,4′R,8′R and 2S,4′R,8′R configurations and their 13C resonances have been assigned. In its all-racemic form this compound also shows up to four resonances from a single carbon. Related observations have been made with phytol and isophytol. A careful examination of these chirally induced chemical shift differences for the individual carbon atoms, Δ, reveals a bond-alternation effect with maxima at a separation of one, three, and five bonds from the closest chiral center and with the maximum at a five-bond separation being greater than that at a three-bond separation. For example, the total Δ, ∑Δ, averaged over the number of carbon aroms, n, which are separated from the nearest chiral center by the same number of bonds has been conservatively calculated for α-tocopherol to be 54, 106, 43, 66, 40, and 75 ppb at separations from the closest chiral center of zero, one, two, three, four, and five bonds, respectively. For HTDBF the corresponding ∑Δ/n values are 45, 67, 12, 0, 0, and 20 ppb. We attribute these remarkable long-range (five-bond) effects to differences in 1,6 nonbonded repulsions for different enantiomeric pairs and consider that it provides direct evidence for the operation of Newman's classic "rule of six".
Laboratory Measurements of Optical Properties of Micron Size Individual Dust Grains (2003)

A laboratory program is being developed at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center for experimental determination of the optical and physical properties individual dust grains in simulated astrophysical environments. The experimental setup is based on an electrodynamic balance that permits levitation of single 0.1 - 10 micron radii dust grains in a cavity evacuated to pressures of approx. 10(exp -6) torr. The experimental apparatus is equipped with observational ports for measurements in the UV, visible, and infrared spectral regions. A cryogenic facility for cooling the particles to temperature of approx. 10-50K is being installed. The current and the planned measurements include: dust charging processes, photoelectric emissions and yields with UV irradiation, radiation pressure measurements, infrared absorption and scattering properties, and condensation processes, involving the analogs of cosmic dust grains. Selected results based on photoemissions, radiation pressure, and other laboratory measurements will be presented.
Bacillus anthracis Cell Wall Peptidoglycan but Not Lethal or Edema Toxins Produces Changes Consistent With Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in a Rat Model (2013)

DIC during B. anthracis infection may be related more to components such as PGN than to LT or ET.
Toward a Generic Mapping Language for Transformations between RDF and Data Interchange Formats (2022)

While there exist approaches to integrate heterogeneous data using semantic models, such semantic models can typically not be used by existing software tools. Many software tools - especially in engineering - only have options to import and export data in more established data interchange formats such as XML or JSON. Thus, if an information which is included in a semantic model needs to be used in a such a software tool, automatic approaches for mapping semantic information into an interchange format are needed. We aim to develop a generic mapping approach that allows users to create transformations of semantic information into a data interchange format with an arbitrary structure which can be defined by a user. This mapping approach is currently being elaborated. In this contribution, we report our initial steps targeted to transformations from RDF into XML. At first, a mapping language is introduced which allows to define automated mappings from ontologies to XML. Furthermore, a mapping algorithm capable of executing mappings defined in this language is presented. An evaluation is done with a use case in which engineering information needs to be used in a 3D modeling tool.
Supplementary Table S2 from Selenium Deficiency Abrogates Inflammation-Dependent Plasma Cell Tumors in Mice (2023)

Supplementary Table S2 from Selenium Deficiency Abrogates Inflammation-Dependent Plasma Cell Tumors in Mice
Vacancy diffusion profiles at the grain boundaries of electronic ceramics (1988)

The electrical properties of zinc oxide varistor ceramics and PTC-type barium titanate ceramics are theoretically traced back to potential barriers at the grain boundaries. These barriers are supposed to originate from specific concentration profiles of intrinsic vacancies. Calculations of these profiles are missing up to the present, although this would essentially contribute to a better understanding of the electrical properties of these ceramics. Such numerical calculations are performed and the results are reported. Computations of the profiles in ZnC-ceramics of different compositions yield that the varistor effect cannot merely be explained by a tunneling process as is usually done in the literature. Moreover, it is possible to calculate the potential barrier width in BaTiO3 ceramics in dependence on sintering parameters. The calculated values are in good agreement with experimental results. Existing theories are verified and extended. Die elektrischen Eigenschaften von Zinkoxid-Varistorkeramiken und PTC-Keramiken aus Bariumtitanat werden theoretisch auf Potentialbarrieren an den Korngrenzen zurückgeführt. Es wird angenommen, daß diese Barrieren von spezifischen Konzentrationsprofilen intrinsischer Leerstellen herrühren. Berechnungen dieser Profile fehlen bislang, obwohl sie wesentlich zu einem besseren Verständnis der elektrischen Eigenschaften der Keramiken beitragen würden. Solche Berechnungen sind nun durchgeführt worden, und die Ergebnisse werden vorgestellt. Berechnungen der Profile in Zinkoxidkeramiken unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung ergeben, daß der Varistoreffekt nicht, wie in der Literatur angenommen, durch einen Tunnelprozeß erklärt werden kann. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, die Breite der Potentialbarrieren in Bariumtitanatkeramiken in Abhängigkeit von den Sinterparametern zu berechnen. Die berechneten Werte zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung mit experimentellen Ergebnissen. Bestehende Theorien werden damit verifiziert und erweitert.
A pro-con debate: current controversies in PAH pathogenesis at the American Thoracic Society International Conference in 2017 (2018)

The following review summarizes the pro-con debate about current controversies regarding the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that took place at the American Thoracic Society Conference in May 2017. Leaders in the field of PAH research discussed the importance of the immune system, the role of hemodynamic stress and endothelial apoptosis, as well as bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 signaling in PAH pathogenesis. Whereas this summary does not intend to resolve obvious conflicts in opinion, we hope that the presented arguments entice further discussions and draw a new generation of enthusiastic researchers into this vibrant field of science to bridge existing gaps for a better understanding and therapy of this fatal disease.
Phase I Study of Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Floxuridine and Dexamethasone With Systemic Irinotecan for Unresectable Hepatic Metastases From Colorectal Cancer (2001)

Combination therapy with HAI FUDR and dexamethasone plus systemic irinotecan may be safely administered to patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. The MTD has been reached for patients with unresectable disease, and we continue to investigate the MTD for patients who have undergone cryosurgery. Although the main objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the combined regimen, a high response rate (74%) was observed.
Production of polymeric nanocomposites by nature-like method and study of their physical and chemical properties (2020)

At the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” – GOSNIIGENETIKA, NpCdS nanocrystals were obtained by microbial synthesis. They were stabilized with proteins, which composition is determined by the strain used for biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Biogenic nanoparticles were studied and described by size, shape, hydrodynamic diameter, ζ potential, luminescence level, and defined as quantum dots applying methods of electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and spectrofluorimetry. The influence of temperature, pressure and solvents on the stability of biogenic nanoparticles and the luminescence intensity was evaluated in collaboration with IREA (NRC “Kurchatov Institute”). The luminescence intensity of the aqueous suspension of NpCdS was determined depending on the range of nanoparticle concentrations. The possibility of introducing and identifying NpCdS in epoxy resin, polyimide, and polyvinyl alcohol was assessed. Polymer nanocomposites are used for optoelectronic, biomedical and agricultural applications.
Anomalous x-ray scattering studies of short-, intermediate- and extended-range order in glasses (1998)

The authors present the formalism of anomalous x-ray scattering as applied to partial structure analysis of disordered materials, and give an example of how the technique has been applied, together with that of neutron diffraction, to investigate short-, intermediate- and extended-range order in vitreous germania and rubidium germanate.
Exploring the Meaning of Success in Outsourced Product Development (2010)

Research on outsourced product development has focused primarily on the motives behind firms’ decisions to outsource, with less attention paid to the outcomes of those decisions. The few existing academic studies have reported high failure rates, but there is little consensus as to what is meant by “project success” and “failure” and some do not define success at all. Such ambiguity makes comparisons difficult and hinders explanation of observed variation in project outcomes. This paper explores the many meanings of project success in outsourced product development, based on in-depth interviews of thirty design consultants and clients. After reviewing the merits and limitations of each metric, we propose that the client’s willingness to recommend the consultant may be a suitable outcome variable for assessing project outcomes and comparing success rates across diverse projects, companies, and industries. We present preliminary data that suggests client willingness to recommend varies widely and is multimodal in distribution. Finally, we identify several commonly encountered failure modes, i.e., sequences of events that generate discrepancies between client expectations and project deliverables, thereby producing client dissatisfaction.
SLC4A4 compound heterozygous mutations in exon–intron boundary regions presenting with severe proximal renal tubular acidosis and extrarenal symptoms coexisting with Turner’s syndrome: a case report (2018)

We identified two novel SLC4A4 mutations, c.1076 + 3A > C and c.1772 - 2A > T. When presented in a compound heterozygous state, these mutations caused a phenotype of severe renal proximal tubular acidosis along with glaucoma and mental retardation. This is the first report of congenital proximal renal tubular acidosis carrying compound heterozygous SLC4A4 mutations in exon-intron boundary regions. We suggest that an mRNA surveillance mechanism, nonsense-mediated RNA decay, following aberrant splicing was the reason that the SLC4A4 transcript was almost undetectable in the proband.