gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparisons and Analysis of DCT-based Image Watermarking Algorithms. (2008)

This paper provides analysis and comparisons between three main Discrete Cosine Transform-based watermarking algorithms. The comparisons are made based on the degree of degradation the algorithms introduce after embedding the watermark, as well as the Percentage Error Bits (PEB) of the reconstructed watermark with respect to the original watermark. The algorithms’ computational requirements (measured in the total elapsed time on a unified platform) are also considered. Although the three techniques use the same concept, the results show that they behave differently. This variation in the behavior makes each of them suitable for different spectrum of applications.
Dehydrogenation of Ethane via the Mars–van Krevelen Mechanism over La0.8Ba0.2MnO3−δ Perovskites under Anaerobic Conditions (2019)

Dehydrogenation of ethane over perovskite oxide catalysts was investigated using the redox of perovskites and H2O as an oxidizing agent. The La0.8Ba0.2MnO3−δ (LBMO) perovskite showed a high catalytic activity for dehydrogenation of ethane. Periodic dry (without H2O)–wet (with H2O) operation tests revealed that dehydrogenation of ethane in the presence of H2O over LBMO proceeded via the Mars–van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism. Under the wet condition with D2O instead of H2O, D2 formation was verified, demonstrating that reactive lattice oxygens in LBMO contributed to the dehydrogenation reaction and that they were regenerated by water. Isotopic transient tests with H218O and in situ X-ray absorption fine structure measurements revealed that the reduction and oxidation of Mn in LaMnO3 and LBMO occurred under the reaction atmosphere and that the partial replacement of the La sites with Ba improved the redox ability of Mn, resulting in its high activity. Furthermore, temperature-programmed reduction under H2 elucidated that the reduction of Mn3+ to Mn2+ was promoted by Ba doping. The LBMO perovskite showed the very high activity for dehydrogenation of ethane in the presence of H2O via the MvK mechanism by virtue of the high redox properties of Mn.
Electrical maturation of neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells (2014)

<ns4:p>In-vitro neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells has become a widely used tool in disease modeling and prospective regenerative medicine. Most studies evaluate neurons molecularly and only a handful of them use electrophysiological tools to directly indicate that these are genuine neurons. Therefore, the specific timing of development of intrinsic electrophysiological properties and synaptic capabilities remains poorly understood. Here we describe a systematic analysis of developing neurons derived in-vitro from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We show that hESCs differentiated in-vitro into early embryonic neurons, displaying basically mature morphological and electrical features as early as day 37. This early onset of action potential discharges suggests that first stages of neurogenesis in humans are already associated with electrical maturation. Spike frequency, amplitude, duration, threshold and after hyperpolarization were found to be the most predictive parameters for electrical maturity. Furthermore, we were able to detect spontaneous synaptic activity already at these early time-points, demonstrating that neuronal connectivity can develop concomitantly with the gradual process of electrical maturation. These results highlight the functional properties of hESCs in the process of their development into neurons. Moreover, our results provide practical tools for the direct measurement of functional maturity, which can be reproduced and implemented for stem cell research of neurogenesis in general, and neurodevelopmental disorders in particular.</ns4:p>
Interim Analysis of a Phase II Trial of Montelukast for the Treatment of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After HSCT Reveals Immunobiology of Disease (2013)

represented in the no-GVHD group. As ST2 concentrations differed between conditioning intensities, we used 3 models for prediction using the median ST2 concentrations for UM FIC, UM RIC, and DFCI FIC as cutpoints.
Neoplastic-Like CELL Changes of Normal Fibroblast Cells Associated with Evolutionary Conserved Maternal and Paternal Genomic Autonomous Behavior (Gonomery) (2014)

The present comparative review discusses conservation of early evolutionary, relic genetics in the genome of man, which determine two different mechanistic reductive division systems expressed by normal, human diploid cells. The divisions were orderly and segregated genomes reductively to near-diploid daughter cells, which showed gain of a proliferative advantage (GPA) over cells of origin. This fact of GPA expression is a fundamental requirement for initiation of tumorigenesis. The division systems were responses to a carcinogen-free induction system, consisting of short (1 - 3 days) exposures of young cells to nutritional deprivation of amino acid glutamine (AAD). In recovery growth (2 - 4 days) endo-tetra/ochtoploid cells and normal diploid metaphase cells demonstrated chromosomal reductive divisions to respectively heterozygous and homozygous altered daughter cells. Both division systems showed co-segregating whole complements, which for reduction of the diploid metaphases could only arise from gonomeric-based autonomous behavior of maternal and paternal (mat/pat) genomes. The timely associated appearance with these latter divisions was fast growing small-cells (1/2 volume-size reduced from normal diploidy), which became homozygous from haploid, genomic doubling. Both reductive divisions thus produced genome altered progeny cells with GPA, which was associated with pre-cancer-like cell-phenotypic changes. Since both “undesirable” reductive divisions expressed orderly division sequences, their genetic controls were assumed to be “old genetics”, evolutionarily conserved in the genome of man. Support for this idea was a search for evidential material in the evolutionary record from primeval time, when haploid organisms were established. The theory was that endopolyploid and gonomery-based reductive divisions relieved the early eukaryotic organisms from accidental, non-proliferative diploidy and polyploidy, bringing the organism back to vegetative haploid proliferation. Asexual cycles were common for maintenance of propagating haploid and diploid early unicellular eukaryotes. Reduction of accidental diploidy was referred to as “one-step meiosis” which meant gonomeric-based maternal and paternal genomic independent segregations. This interpretation was supported by exceptional chromosomal behaviors. However, multiple divisions expressing non-disjunction was the choice-explanation from evolutionists, which today is also suggested for the rarer LL-1 near haploid leukemia. These preserved non-mitotic mechanistic divisions systems are today witnessed in apomixes and parthenogenesis in many animal phyla. Thus, the indications are the modern genome of man harbors, relic-genetics from past “good” evolvements assuring “stable” proliferation of ancient, primitive eukaryotes, but with cancer-like effects for normal human cells.
Intercomparison of selected semi‐empirical and fundamental parameter interelement correction methods in x‐ray spectrometry (1982)

Abstract Fundamental parameter interelement correction methods such as NRLXF are finding increased use in quantitative x‐ray spectrometry. The purpose of this work was to compare the results obtained with each of the three options in NRLXRF, namely empirical, full, and theoretical, with a semiempirical model such as Rasberry‐Heinrich and an NBS fundamental parameter method to check for consistency. Well characterized alloys were chosen for making the intercomparison.
The Theory of Flame Propagation. IV (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Theory of Flame Propagation. IVJ. O. Hirschfelder, C. F. Curtiss, and Dorothy E. CampbellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1953, 57, 4, 403–414Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150505a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j150505a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views255Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
On-Line Computer Analysis and Control of Experiments (1969)

An analysis procedure and data accumulation scheme is described which allows implementation of a fully interactive, computerized ``process control'' for a general class of physical experiments in terms of derivable experimental results. The method is applicable whenever the derivable physical parameters can be expressed in terms of integrals over functions of the measured quantities and reciprocal relationships allow prediction of the measured values in terms of the derived quantities. The analysis may be most useful when the transformations are orthogonal.
Abstract 524: Impact of age, sex, smoking, body mass and physical activity on circulating small non-coding RNA expression profiles (2018)

Abstract Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) are regulators of cell functions and circulating ncRNAs from the majority of the RNA classes, such as miRNA, tRNA, piRNAs, lncRNA, snoRNA, snRNA and miscRNAs, are potential non-invasive cancer biomarkers. Understanding how non-disease traits influence ncRNA expression is essential for assessing their biomarker potential. The aim of the study was to investigate associations between sex, age, smoking, body mass, physical activity, technical factors such as sample storage and processing, and serum ncRNA expression profiles. Serum samples from 526 healthy individuals in the Janus Serum Bank Cohort were included in the study. The samples were collected in the time-period 1972-2004 with varying collection procedures, and stored at - 25º C. Information on smoking habits, body mass and physical activity was linked from health examination survey data. RNA was extracted from 400 µl serum using phenol-chloroform separation and the miRNA Neasy Serum/Plasma kit (Qiagen). Small RNAseq was performed using NEBNext Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina with an average sequencing depth of 18 million reads per sample. The RNAseq reads were initially trimmed for adapters using Adapter Removal (v2.1.7). We then mapped the collapsed reads (generated by FASTX v0.14) to the human genome (hg38) using Bowtie2 (10 alignments per read were allowed). We compiled a comprehensive annotation set from miRBase (v21) for miRNAs, pirBAse (v1.0) for piRNAs, GENCODE (v26) for other RNAs and tRNAs. We used SeqBuster (v3.1) to get isomiR and miRNA profiles. To count the mapped reads, HTSeq (v0.7.2) was used. Differential gene expression analyses based on the negative binomial distribution and Wald significance tests were performed for each trait using the R package DESeq2 version 1.14.1. We identified associations between all RNA classes and traits. Ageing showed the strongest association with ncRNA expression, both in terms of statistical significance and number of RNAs, regardless of RNA class. Serum processing modifications and storage times significantly altered expression levels of a number of ncRNAs. Smoking cessation generally restored RNA expression to non-smoking levels, although for some isomiRs, mRNA fragments and tRNAs smoking-related expression levels persisted. sncRNA expression levels in serum are considerably age-dependent and age should be adjusted for in studies of circulating sncRNA expression. Certain biomarkers are also influenced by body mass, smoking, physical activity, serum processing and storage conditions. Citation Format: Trine Ballestad Rounge, Sinan Ugur Umu, Andreas Keller, Eckart Meese, Giske Ursin, Steinar Tretli, Robert Lyle, Hilde Langseth. Impact of age, sex, smoking, body mass and physical activity on circulating small non-coding RNA expression profiles [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 524.
PARP Inhibitors and Myeloid Neoplasms: A Double-Edged Sword (2021)

Despite recent discoveries and therapeutic advances in aggressive myeloid neoplasms, there remains a pressing need for improved therapies. For instance, in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), while most patients achieve a complete remission with conventional chemotherapy or the combination of a hypomethylating agent and venetoclax, de novo or acquired drug resistance often presents an insurmountable challenge, especially in older patients. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes, PARP1 and PARP2, are involved in detecting DNA damage and repairing it through multiple pathways, including base excision repair, single-strand break repair, and double-strand break repair. In the context of AML, PARP inhibitors (PARPi) could potentially exploit the frequently dysfunctional DNA repair pathways that, similar to deficiencies in homologous recombination in <i>BRCA</i>-mutant disease, set the stage for cell killing. PARPi appear to be especially effective in AML with certain gene rearrangements and molecular characteristics (<i>RUNX1-RUNX1T1</i> and <i>PML-RARA</i> fusions, <i>FLT3-</i> and <i>IDH1</i>-mutated). In addition, PARPi can enhance the efficacy of other agents, particularly alkylating agents, TOP1 poisons, and hypomethylating agents, that induce lesions ordinarily repaired via PARP1-dependent mechanisms. Conversely, emerging reports suggest that long-term treatment with PARPi for solid tumors is associated with an increased incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and AML. Here, we (i) review the pre-clinical and clinical data on the role of PARPi, specifically olaparib, talazoparib, and veliparib, in aggressive myeloid neoplasms and (ii) discuss the reported risk of MDS/AML with PARPi, especially as the indications for PARPi use expand to include patients with potentially curable cancer.
Potential antihypertensive agents. III. 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzothiazine derivatives (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential antihypertensive agents. III. 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzothiazine derivativesRaj Nandan PrasadCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 2, 290–294Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00302a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00302a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Helicity Conservation (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Magnetic Helicity and Topology Reconnection Evidence of Helical Flux Ropes on the Sun From the Corona to Magnetic Clouds Origin of Helicity in the Sun Fate of Helical Fields Measuring and Using Helicity
Relaxation of PvuII recognition sequence (1985)

The substrate specificity of PvuII endonuclease is relaxed in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide. The new recognition sequences cleaved in pBR322 DNA have been found to be CCGCTG, CATCTG, CAGATG, CAGGTG and CAGCGG.
Morton Effect Induced Synchronous Instability in Mid-Span Rotor-Bearing Systems: Part 1—Mechanism Study (2010)

The Morton Effect in the rotor–bearing systems may lead to an unstable operation. In Part 1, the mechanism of the Morton Effect induced thermal instability in the mid-span rotor systems has been studied. First, the equivalent thermal induced imbalance is introduced and its magnitude and directions are assumed, to represent the viscous thermal effect on the rotor systems. Then, the simplified rotor and bearing models are adopted for the derivation of analytical expressions. The results show that there exists a threshold of instability due to the Morton Effect in the mid-span rotors. Based on the assumptions of linear isotopic bearing supports, this threshold speed takes a simple form, which is determined by the support stiffness and the introduced equivalent coefficient of thermal effect, for the rigid or elastic systems with the thermal imbalance acting in the same direction as the response displacement. The threshold of instability has also been obtained for the system with the thermal imbalance acting perpendicular to the direction of response displacement, where the supporting damping plays a role. For a perspective view of the system stability, a stability map for the damped rigid mid-span rotors with the thermal imbalance having arbitrary phase difference has been generated. It shows that the stable operating regions of the system are bounded by two curves of threshold of instability, named the first and second threshold speeds of instability, respectively. The Morton Effect induced instability thresholds are actually affected by both the magnitude and relative phase of the thermal imbalance. The mechanism of the Morton Effect induced thermal instability of mid-span rotors supported by linear isotropic bearings can be explained through the fact that the Morton Effect introduces either negative stiffness or negative cross-coupled stiffness. In addition, the Morton Effect also has a comprehensive impact on both the amplitude and phase lag of the steady-state unbalance response. It may shift both curves in a manner dependent on the relative magnitude and direction of the thermal imbalance.
The Intracellular Number of Magnetic Nanoparticles Modulates the Apoptotic Death Pathway after Magnetic Hyperthermia Treatment (2020)

Magnetic hyperthermia is a cancer treatment based on the exposure of magnetic nanoparticles to an alternating magnetic field in order to generate local heat. In this work, 3D cell culture models were prepared to observe the effect that a different number of internalized particles had on the mechanisms of cell death triggered upon the magnetic hyperthermia treatment. Macrophages were selected by their high capacity to uptake nanoparticles. Intracellular nanoparticle concentrations up to 7.5 pg Fe/cell were measured both by elemental analysis and magnetic characterization techniques. Cell viability after the magnetic hyperthermia treatment was decreased to <25% for intracellular iron contents above 1 pg per cell. Theoretical calculations of the intracellular thermal effects that occurred during the alternating magnetic field application indicated a very low increase in the global cell temperature. Different apoptotic routes were triggered depending on the number of internalized particles. At low intracellular magnetic nanoparticle amounts (below 1 pg Fe/cell), the intrinsic route was the main mechanism to induce apoptosis, as observed by the high <i>Bax</i>/<i>Bcl-2</i> mRNA ratio and low caspase-8 activity. In contrast, at higher concentrations of internalized magnetic nanoparticles (1-7.5 pg Fe/cell), the extrinsic route was observed through the increased activity of caspase-8. Nevertheless, both mechanisms may coexist at intermediate iron concentrations. Knowledge on the different mechanisms of cell death triggered after the magnetic hyperthermia treatment is fundamental to understand the biological events activated by this procedure and their role in its effectiveness.
Securing PKI Requests for C-ITS Systems (2017)

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems are rapidly gaining momentum in the scenario of modern wireless communications. Within these environments, messages are exchanged continuously. The latter should be secure and ensure users' privacy. Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) represent the major solution to meet security needs. On the other hand, communications between the PKI and the vehicle stations or the Road Side Unit stations should also be secure. Main current security standards do not address and define a complete detailed secure end-to-end mechanism to send requests to the PKI and receive the associated responses. In this paper, we propose a detailed security protocol, based on ETSI security standards, that ensures confidentiality, integrity and authentication. The evaluation of the latter shows its ability in meeting security needs.