gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-Dimensional Tortuosity of the Superficial Femoral Artery in Early Atherosclerosis (1993)

Tortuosity of an artery can disturb fluid mechanics and cause flow separation, which might in turn promote atherogenesis. This study discusses theoretically several quantitative measures of arterial tortuosity and curvature in two dimensions and tests them with computations from digitized femoral arteriograms. When reproducibility, sensitivity to scaling and computational procedure, and agreement between the measures were all taken into account, the total curvature and distance factor were considered the most suitable measures. Significant correlations were found between tortuosity and atherosclerosis measures, but the interpretation of this finding is not straightforward.
miR-483 Targeting of CTGF Suppresses Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (2016)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01431105.
MECHANISMS OF TUMOR PREVENTION BY INTERFERON ?? AND TAMOXIFEN: INHIBITORS OF ANGIOGENESIS (1993)

Journal of Immunotherapy with Emphasis on Tumor Immunology: November 1993 - Volume 14 - Issue 4 - p 364
Automatic Emotion Variation Detection in continuous speech (2014)

Though emotion speech recognition has gained increasing interest in the field of Human Computer Interaction, it is still a challenge to automatically determine the emotion state type and the boundaries of each emotionally salient segment in continuous speech, which is named as Automatic Emotion Variation Detection (AEVD). In this task, the input utterances are not pre-segmented and may contain emotion variations. This paper proposes a Multi-timescaled Sliding Window based AEVD (MSW-AEVD). Firstly, a sliding window with fixed-length is employed to segment continuous speech for classic emotion recognition. An emotion type is assigned to each window-shift according to the recognition results of all the sliding windows containing that window-shift. Then this basic procedure is extended to multi-timescaled sliding window, in which several different features are utilized for different scales. Finally, a post-processing is employed to refine the final outputs. In this work, we focus on anger-neutral and happiness-neutral cases, which are mostly dominant in recent studies of AEVD. Performance evaluation is carried out across two databases, including German database EMO-DB and Chinese database TH1309-DB. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms HMM-based baseline significantly.
Investigation of Fiber Skew for Economical High-speed Parallel Transmission Systems (2000)

Economical parallel transmission systems are investigated by using fiber ribbons with several fiber parameters. For this purpose, skews are measured for single-mode fiber ribbons with same fiber parameters and the fiber length difference in a fiber ribbon is evaluated. This value is used to clarify the influence of fiber parameter specifications and fiber length difference on skew for several cases by simulations. The simulations reveal a production yield of fiber ribbons for a required skew value. Acceptable fiber specifications are discussed from the view point of fiber skew compensation. Although the acceptable fiber specifications depend on system parameters, it seems to be possible to use a fiber ribbon with several fiber parameters to construct economical parallel transmission systems with the aid of skew compensation.
Interferometric phase measurement techniques for coherent beam combining (2015)

Coherent beam combining of fiber amplifiers provides an attractive mean of reaching high power laser. In an interferometric phase measurement the beams issued for each fiber combined are imaged onto a sensor and interfere with a reference plane wave. This registration of interference patterns on a camera allows the measurement of the exact phase error of each fiber beam in a single shot. Therefore, this method is a promising candidate toward very large number of combined fibers. Based on this technique, several architectures can be proposed to coherently combine a high number of fibers. The first one based on digital holography transfers directly the image of the camera to spatial light modulator (SLM). The generated hologram is used to compensate the phase errors induced by the amplifiers. This architecture has therefore a collective phase measurement and correction. Unlike previous digital holography technique, the probe beams measuring the phase errors between the fibers are co-propagating with the phase-locked signal beams. This architecture is compatible with the use of multi-stage isolated amplifying fibers. In that case, only 20 pixels per fiber on the SLM are needed to obtain a residual phase shift error below λ/10rms. The second proposed architecture calculates the correction applied to each fiber channel by tracking the relative position of the interference finges. In this case, a phase modulator is placed on each channel. In that configuration, only 8 pixels per fiber on the camera is required for a stable close loop operation with a residual phase error of λ/20rms, which demonstrates the scalability of this concept.
Differential Impacts of Soybean and Fish Oils on Hepatocyte Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Primary Rabbit Hepatocytes (2016)

Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) is a severe ailment associated with long-term parenteral nutrition. Soybean oil-based lipid emulsions (SOLE) are thought to promote PNALD development, whereas fish oil-based lipid emulsions (FOLE) are thought to protect against PNALD. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SOLE and FOLE on primary rabbit hepatocytes. The results reveal that SOLE caused significant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial damage, ultimately resulting in lipid droplets accumulation and ER stress. While these deleterious events induce hepatocyte injury, FOLE at high doses cause only minor ER and mitochondrial damage, which has no effect on hepatic function. SOLE also significantly upregulated glucose-regulated protein 94 mRNA and protein expression. These data indicate that SOLE, but not FOLE, damage the ER and mitochondria, resulting in lipid droplets accumulation and ER stress and, finally, hepatocyte injury. This likely contributes to the differential impacts of SOLE and FOLE on PNALD development and progression.
Fundamentals of the theory of self-injection locking of multi-frequency laser diode to high-Q optical microresonator (2019)

Abstract In this work we present a theoretical model describing a phenomenon of self-injection locking of multi-frequency laser to high-Q optical microresonator. Such process allows high-power single-frequency emission with sub-kHz linewidth from the compact multi-frequency diode laser. Elaborated theory takes into account fast optical feedback due to the Rayleigh scattering, mode competition effect and Bogatov asymmetric mode interaction.
IMAGE FILTERING WITH FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAY / VAIZDŲ FILTRAVIMAS LAUKU PROGRAMUOJAMA LOGINE MATRICA (2013)

The research examined the use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) in image filtering. Experimental and theoretical researches were reviewed. Experiments with Cyclone III family FPGA chip with implemented NIOS II soft processor were considered. Image filtering was achieved with symmetrical and asymmetrical finite impulse response filters with convolution kernel. The system, which was implemented with 3×3 symmetrical filter, which was implemented using the hardware description language, uses 59% of logic elements of the chip and 10 multiplication elements. The system with asymmetrical filter uses the same amount of logic elements and 13 multiplication elements. Both filter systems consume approx. 545 mW of power. The system, which is designed for filter implementation in C language, uses 65% of all logical elements and consumes 729 mW of power. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Nagrinėjama, kaip vaizdams filtruoti naudojamos lauku programuojamos loginės matricos (LPLM). Apžvelgti eksperimentiniai ir teoriniai darbai. Atlikti bandymai su Cyclone III šeimos LPLM lustu, kuriame buvo įdiegtas įkeliamasis NIOS II procesorius. Vaizdai filtruoti su simetriniu ir nesimetriniu ribotos impulsinės reakcijos filtrais, naudojant sąsūkos branduolį. Sistema, kuri buvo įdiegta kartu su 3×3 simetriniu filtru, naudojant aparatinės įrangos aprašymo kalbą, naudoja 59 % lusto loginių elementų ir 10 dauginimo elementų. Ši sistema su nesimetriniu filtru naudoja tiek pat loginių elementų ir 13 dauginimo elementų. Abiejų filtrų sistemų naudojama galia yra panaši – apie 545 mW. Sistemos su įkeliamuoju procesoriumi naudojamų loginių elementų dalis siekia 65 %, naudojama galia – 729 mW.
Lethal Infection of Wild Raptors with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 and H5N2 Viruses in the USA, 2014–15 (2018)

An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) led to heavy losses of poultry in commercial farms in North America in 2014-15. Enhanced surveillance by virologists and pathologists at the US Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center and its partners resulted in the identification of lethal infections with clade 2.3.4.4 subgroup icA2 H5N8 and novel reassortant H5N2 viruses in diverse wild raptor species that died concomitant with the poultry epizootic in the US. A range of pathologic abnormalities were present in dead raptors, including necrotizing encephalitis and myocarditis, pancreatic necrosis, and pulmonary congestion and edema. Raptors are highly susceptible to disease caused by infection with HPAI clade 2.3.4.4 viruses.
Linear relationship between activation energies and reaction energies for coverage-dependent dissociation reactions on rhodium surfaces (2005)

Evidence of a relationship between activation energies and enthalpy changes of various dissociation reactions on transition metals has been reported recently. A reconsideration of density functional theory results for dissociation energies of oxygen and NO on different rhodium surfaces (low-index and stepped) and their dependencies on oxygen precoverage reveal that also here a linear Brønsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) relationship exists. The establishment of such a general concept would be of tremendous importance for the development of detailed, elementary-step reaction mechanisms, because the activation energies of reaction steps as well as their coverage dependencies could be estimated based on the adsorption energies calculated by means of DFT.
P6461Sex differences in cause specific mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention: temporal trends and mechanisms (2017)

sociations, Length of stay and Mortality (ACALM) registry from the UK, we examined risk factors, predictors and outcomes in CTO patients.Methods: Utilising the ACALM registry from 2000-2014, comprising of over 1.8 million patients, we identified patients who developed a new diagnosis of IHD +/-CTO and followed up these patients (median 7 years).ACALM uses a big data approach using ICD-10 and OPCS-4 coding systems to identify patients.Logistic and Cox regression models were used for analysis.Results: Of 37,917 IHD patients, 11,436 had CTO (30.2%).Traditional risk factors were 5-20% more prevalent in patients with CTO (Table 1).Increasing age (OR 1.009), male gender (OR 1.28), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.10), peripheral vascular disease (OR 1.12), ischemic stroke (OR 1.08) and anemia (OR 1.31) were positive predictors of developing CTO whilst angina, cardiogenic shock and previous PCI were negative predictors.CTO patients had more readmissions to hospital but no difference was seen in all-cause death.
Simultaneous determination of eleven alkaloids in Corydalis decumbens by HPLC with diode-array detection (2016)

A high-performance liquid chromatography—diode-array detection method was developed and validated to determine simultaneously eleven major alkaloids in Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. The alkaloids detected were corlumidine, protopine, coptisine, tetrahydrojatrorrhizine, palmatine, berberine, sanguinarine, papaverine hydrochloride, tetrahydropalmatine, bicuculline, and corydaline. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a C-18 column with a mobile phase composed of A (0.2% acetic acid solution, adjusted with triethylamine to pH 5.0) and B (acetonitrile), with stepwise gradient elution. Ultraviolet diode-array detection was used; chromatograms were examined at the wavelength of 280 nm. The regression equations showed a good linear relationship between the peak area of each marker and concentration ( r = 0.9994–0.9999). The recovery values ranged between 93.66% and 100.54%. The method was fully validated with respect to detection and quantification limits, precision, reproducibility, and accuracy. The described high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was successfully used for the differentiation and quantification of the eleven major alkaloids in C. decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. and can be considered an effective procedure for the analyses of this important class of natural compounds.
Abnormal labor and infant brain damage. (1992)

Our study confirms that labor diagnoses of prolonged active phase, protractions or arrests, and failure to descend are not associated with increased neurologic abnormalities. Delivery by cesarean or vaginal birth and use of oxytocin are not factors in the etiology of major brain damage.
Return on engineering: Design to cost for electric engine production (2015)

Producing companies for electric traction engines used in electric cars are faced with new challenges as production volumes and market demands change frequently. Missing standards in the product and production development process itself increase the expenses for development and production of an electric engine. As 70% of the product costs are determined by the product development and still generated solutions do not meet the required project cost targets, the focus of electric engine companies needs to be shifted to the product and process development. Therefore, the Return on Engineering approach pursues the maxim of forcing the cost target particularly in the early stages of development. This paper presents an approach to structure the product and process development process by modularizing the production process following the product architecture of an electrical engine. Thereby, the producing companies have the opportunity to decrease product costs and shorten their development process. The approach is being clarified with the aid of an exemplary development process of an electric engine for small city-cars. Especially technology chains for component production as well as final assembly are considered.
Voltage stability in large marine integrated electrical and electronic power systems (2015)

Offshore oil and gas vessels operating in deep and ultradeep waters demand larger and more sophisticated power and control systems. This tendency brings new system design and integration challenges of the electrical distribution plant especially for platforms requiring marine dynamic positioning and power system redundancy. Voltage stability with continuously changing loads demands and with a limited power generation is essential for islanded integrated power systems, such as the marine systems with increasing presence of power electronic converters to feed variable frequency drives and other electronic equipment. Most of these present a controlled front-end, whose control can affect network voltage with a destabilizing effect. Such a behavior, which is well assessed and studied in traditional land power systems, deserves special attention if the quota of power electronics loads on the total installed power assumes very high values (up to the 85% for new large all electric ships). This work will initially introduce the well-known Constant Power Loads voltage instability issue. Some different system models will be presented, and then will be proposed a methodology to assess the voltage stability at design stage (rather than facing them with equipment retrofits during vessel building or commissioning). Finally, some case study will be discussed, and the solutions to overcome the instability will be presented.
Immunotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis) (2014)

With the rapidly expanding area of nan- otechnology over the last few years, the use of nanomaterials has pervaded many consumer products [...]
AI Chips: What They Are and Why They Matter (2020)

The success of modern AI techniques relies on computation on a scale unimaginable even a few years ago. What exactly are the AI chips powering the development and deployment of AI at scale and why are they essential? Saif M. Khan and Alexander Mann explain how these chips work, why they have proliferated, and why they matter.
Drift effects on W7-X divertor heat and particle fluxes (2019)

Abstract Classical particle drifts are known to have substantial impacts on fluxes of particles and heat through the edge plasmas in both tokamaks and stellarators. Here we present results from the first dedicated investigation of drift effects in the W7-X stellarator. By comparing similar plasma discharges conducted with a forward- and reverse-directed magnetic field, the impacts of drifts could be isolated through the observation of up-down asymmetries in flux profiles on the divertor targets. In low-density plasmas, the radial locations of the strike lines (i.e. peaks in the target heat flux profiles) exhibited discrepancies of up to 3 cm that reversed upon magnetic field reversal. In addition, asymmetric heat loads were observed in regions of the target that are shadowed by other targets from parallel flux from the core plasma. A comparison of these asymmetric features with the footprints of key topological regions of the edge magnetic field on the divertor suggests that the main driver of the asymmetries at low density is poloidal E × B drift due to radial electric fields in the scrape-off layer and private flux region. In higher-density plasmas, upper and lower targets collected non-ambipolar currents with opposite signs that also inverted upon field reversal. Overall, in these experiments, almost all up-down asymmetry could be attributed to the field reversal and, therefore, field-dependent drifts.
Experimental performance of buried concrete utility under flexible pavements subjected to heavy dynamic loads (2020)

Concrete culverts are underground conduits located under roadways. These culverts are required to withstand soil overburden as well as vehicular surface loads. Previous studies investigated the integrity of the culverts by applying surface loads directly on top of the soil which represents the worst-case scenario. While this may be a good design practice, for realistic buried utility assessment subjected to superheavy load (SHL) vehicles, the role of existing pavement layers should be addressed. To gain insight into the performance of buried culverts under SHL vehicle, two full-scale pavement experiments were designed and carried out at the University of Nevada, Reno. A concrete culvert was buried in the subgrade of a typical pavement structure constructed in 10×10×7 ft box. Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) loads ranging from 9,000 to 27,000 lb were applied on top of the asphalt concrete layer. This paper describes the experiment and presents the captured culvert performance.
Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Renal Function in Older Men: The Veterans Administration Normative Aging Study (2016)

Mehta AJ, Zanobetti A, Bind MC, Kloog I, Koutrakis P, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Schwartz JD. 2016. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and renal function in older men: the VA Normative Aging Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1353-1360; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510269.
Anti-leukemia T cells in AML (2013)

Leukemia-associated antigens such as proteinase-3 (PR3) and Wilms' tumor protein-1 (WT-1) are potential targets of T-cell responses, which can be monitored by T-cell assays within vaccination trials and after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) an aberrant cytokine profile of antigen-specific T-cells with predominant TNF-α secretion has previously been described. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these TNF-α(+)/IFN-γ(-) CD8(+) T-cells can also be observed in AML patients after SCT. Eight HLA-A2(+) AML patients at different time points after SCT were evaluated for HLA-A2-restricted CD8(+) T-cell responses against PR3, WT-1 and influenza-A using pentamer staining and different cytokine-based T-cell assays. Antigen-specific T-cell immune responses against influenza-A and PR3 were observed in 4/8 patients, WT-1-specific T-cells could be detected in 3/8 patients. Interestingly, four different cytokine secretion profiles of antigen-specific T-cells were detected: (1) IFN-γ(+)/TNF-α(+), (2) IFN-γ(+)/TNF-α(-), (3) TNF-α(+)/IFN-γ(-) and (4) IFN-γ(-)/TNF-α(-). TNF-α(+)/IFN-γ(-) CD8(+) T-cells are an interesting biological phenomenon which can obviously be observed also in AML patients. This finding has important implications for both T-cell biology and monitoring within immunotherapy trials. The functional characterization of these TNF-α(+)/IFN-γ(-) CD8(+) T-cells needs further investigations.
METABOLIC CORRELATES OF VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS HABITUATION IN MIGRAINEURS AND CONTROLS (2016)

peer reviewed
Locality-Optimized Mixed Static/Dynamic Scheduling for Improving Load Balancing on SMPs (2014)

Application performance can be degraded significantly due to node-local load imbalances during application execution. Prior work suggested using a mixed static/dynamic scheduling approach for handling this problem, specifically in the context of fine-grained, transient load imbalances. Here, we consider an alternate strategy for more general load imbalances where fine-grained, transient load imbalance may be coupled with coarse-grained load imbalance. Specifically, we implement a scheduling scheme in which we modify the data layout in mixed static/dynamic scheduling, and add an additional tuned constraint in the dequeue function of our scheduler. Through experimentation of an n-body particle simulation code on modern multi-core architectures, our technique gives a 19.4% performance gain over dynamic scheduling, and an overall 48.6% performance gain over standard static scheduling.
Automatic Correction of Continuum Background in Laser-Induced Breakdown and Raman Spectrometry (2003)

The goal of this work was the development and evaluation of an algorithm for the approximation and automatic subtraction of continuum backgrounds in laser-induced breakdown and Raman spectra. The background correction algorithm was applied to simple and complex spectra and its effect on identification accuracy was studied. Linear correlation was used for the identification of plastic samples using both laser-induced breakdown and Raman spectra. For both techniques, the algorithm successfully eliminated continuum background without compromising spectral integrity. A significant improvement in the percentage of correct plastic identifications was observed for Raman spectra. The approach should be applicable to a wide range of background correction problems in atomic and molecular spectroscopy.
Characterizing the temporal evolution of altered cardiac mechanics in diet-induced obese mice using cine DENSE CMR (2014)

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Research suggests that altered cardiac mechanics (i.e., reduced strains, torsion, and synchrony of contraction) are present in obesity; yet, the causes of this mechanical dysfunction and its relationship to other sequelae of obesity (e.g., hypertension and elevated blood glucose) are not well understood. We hypothesize that diet-induced obesity in mice leads to reductions in measures of left ventricular (LV) mechanics, which develop in acute response to the onset of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and ventricular remodeling.