gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of AP and ABR tuning characteristics in the guinea pig (1985)

AP and ABR tuning curves were measured using a forward-masking paradigm in guinea pigs with chronically implanted electrodes. Measurements were made before exposure to wide-band noise and at several intervals after exposure. The noise exposure was sufficient to produce temporary threshold shifts up to 60 dB lasting several days and resulted in a systematic widening of both AP and ABR tuning curves and a reduction in tip-to-tail ratios. No significant differences were found between simultaneously recorded AP and ABR tuning curves as measured by Q10, tip-to-tail ratio, or the slope of the tuning curves. Tuning curves obtained by measuring AP and ABR response latency as a function of masker level, showed similar form and changes with hearing loss to those based on amplitude of response. The similarities between AP and ABR tuning characteristics provide evidence that the ABR is sensitive enough to peripheral changes to be a useful tool in the study of auditory frequency selectivity.
Intelligent power management device for street lighting control incorporating long range static and non-static hybrid infrared detection system (2014)

Intelligent “street lighting”, along with its immense energy saving potential, relies upon many factors, not least, the importance of maintaining useable levels of light for both vehicles and pedestrian traffic. One element in the establishment of such a regime is the development of sensory equipment capable of vehicle and human detection with a negligible degree of error. The paper proposes a hybrid long range passive sensory system based on both static (IR Photodiode) and non-static (PIR) sensors.
Relation of the Atrial Input Sites to the Dual Atrioventricular Nodal Pathways: (1997)

Pacing protocols designed to accentuate the asymmetry between the AV nodal inputs can help to reveal the functional difference between the dual pathways and thus to better assess the properties of AV nodal conduction.
[Diagnosis of the wall-thickened lesions of the gallbladder with dynamic MRI]. (1998)

We studied 32 patients with the thickened lesions of the wall of the gallbladder by using dynamic MRI. We tried the differential diagnosis of gallbladder lesions according to the time intensity curve (TIC) and enhanced pattern. TIC of carcinoma was elevated more seeply from plain to arterial phase than the inflammatory diseases. The Inflammatory diseases were keeping three-layer structures of the wall of the gallbladder, but gallbladder carcinoma destroys the wall-structure. We could diagnose as direct liver invasion of the carcinoma clearly. We could exactly diagnose adenomyomatosis in dynamic MRI by small low intensity spots within the wall of the gallbladder. In the patients with gall stones, the wall of the gallbladder were more clearly observed in dynamic MRI compared with US and EUS.
Active noise reduction for circumaural hearing protectors by digital feedforward control (1994)

A commercial analog active noise reduction (ANR) communication headset, constructed using a circumaural hearing protector, has been modified to explore the performance of a digital ANR system for this application. The apparatus retains one ear cup and cushion, together with the earphone and attached microphone of the commercial device. The sound field outside the ear cup is sensed by a miniature microphone attached to the exterior of the ear cup, and forms the ‘‘reference’’ signal. This signal is fed forward to an adaptive controller, which drives the earphone within the ear cup. Control of the sound pressure within the volume enclosed by the hearing protector is maintained by an ‘‘error’’ microphone attached to the earphone, using the filtered-X LMS algorithm. The error-path impulse response is identified off-line. A Texas Instruments TMS320c31 floating point digital signal processor has been used to implement the control system in real time. The noise reduction of the adaptive digital system will be discussed when the hearing protector is subjected to bandlimited noise in the frequency range from 50 to 1000 Hz. [Work done in collaboration with the Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine, Toronto, Ont.]
Effect of age and sex on gene expression-based radiation biodosimetry using mouse peripheral blood (2022)

Abstract Blood-based gene expression profiles that can reconstruct radiation exposure are being developed as a practical approach to radiation biodosimetry. However, age and sex could potentially limit the accuracy of the approach. In this study, we determined the impact of age on the peripheral blood cell gene expression profile of female mice exposed to radiation and identified differences and similarities with a previously obtained transcriptomic signature of male mice. Young (2 months) and old (24 months) female mice were irradiated with 4 Gy X-rays, total RNA was isolated from blood 24hr later and subjected to whole genome microarray analysis. Dose reconstruction analyses using a gene signature trained on gene expression data from irradiated young male mice showed accurate reconstruction of 0 or 4 Gy doses with root mean square error of ± 0.75 Gy (R^2 = 0.90) in young female mice. Although dose reconstruction for irradiated old female mice was less accurate than young female mice, the deviation from the actual radiation dose was not statistically significant. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that after irradiation, apoptosis-related functions were overrepresented, whereas functions related to quantities of various immune cell subtypes were underrepresented, among differentially expressed genes from young female mice, but not older animals. Furthermore, young mice significantly upregulated genes involved in phagocytosis, a process that eliminates apoptotic cells and preserves tissue homeostasis. Both functions were also overrepresented in young, but not old, male mice following 4 Gy X-irradiation. Lastly, functions associated with neutrophil activation that is essential for killing invading pathogens and regulating the inflammatory response were predicted to be uniquely enriched in young but not old female mice. This work supports the concept that peripheral blood gene expression profiles can be identified in mice that accurately predict physical radiation dose exposure irrespective of age and sex. However, inclusion of age and sex as biological factors is essential for effectively predicting radiation injury and for developing radiation medical countermeasures.
Total Synthesis and Properties of the Crambescidin Core Zwitterionic Acid and Crambescidin 359 (2005)

The total synthesis of the crambescidin core acid 9, crambescidins 359 (8) and 431 (7), and the properties of the crambescidin core are described. A key step of the synthetic route to guanidinium carboxylate 9 is Pd(0) catalyzed cleavage of the ester side chain of pentacyclic cinnamyl ester 15. This ester is also employed to prepare a small library of crambescidin alkaloid analogues that differ in their C14 side chain. The zwitterionic guanidinium carboxylate 9 was shown to readily decarboxylate to form crambescidin 359 (8). Decarboxylation of crambescidin core acid 9 was fastest under basic conditions. In the presence of base, up to eight deuterium atoms can be incorporated into the pentacyclic crambescidin core. Both deuterium incorporation and decarboxylation of crambescidin core acid 9 are the result of facile ring opening of the spirocyclic ether rings of the pentacyclic guanidinium moiety.
Efficient Peptide Coupling Method of Conjugated Carboxylic Acids with Methyl Ester Amino Acids Hydrochloride. Application to the Synthesis of Fa‐Met, an Important Enzymatic Substrate. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Ordered Macroporous Nickel Structures (2007)

Here we report on the fabrication of ordered macroporous nickel structures by electrodeposition into colloidal crystal templates formed by self-assembly of polystyrene particles with diameters from to . The current during deposition into well-ordered colloidal crystals with low defect density exhibits periodic oscillations associated with the change in fractional area within the crystal. Magnetic hysteresis loops and magnetoresistance measurements are performed as a function of pore diameter and film thickness. The magnetic properties can be explained by modeling the ordered macroporous nickel structures as a three-dimensional network structure with magnetic particles connected by narrow ligaments.
P‐26: Novel Driving Method to Reduce the Cost of Production and to Improve the Legibility of Text for Triple Rate Driving in Active Matrix Displays (2011)

Abstract Driving Method on the panel is getting more important in LCD technology, because it can reduce the cost of source driver ICs and the number of module processes. Decrement of source driver IC can make cost competitiveness higher. In this paper, we have proposed a new driving method of advanced triple rate driving (Advanced TRD) which reduces the number of source driver ICs in notebook panel with HD (1366 X RGB X 768) resolution, with the same image quality compared to conventional data line sharing method (Conventional DLS) [1∼4]. In the Advanced TRD Structure, three neighboring pixels share one data line and become vertical stripe structure. By using this technology, we can reduce the number of source driver ICs by two thirds, compare to the conventional DLS. And it will be a technique to overcome the legibility problem of horizontal stripe TRD by simple changing the pixel rendering. We fabricated 13.3‐inch HD notebook panel which can be driven with two source driver ICs by using advanced TRD method.
Crystal structure of (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)palladium(II) tetracyanoplatinate(II), C14H24N8PdPt (2019)

Abstract C 14 H 24 N 8 PdPt, monoclinic, P 2 1 / c (no. 14), a = 9.0747(3) Å, b = 8.3376(3) Å, c = 14.4578(6) Å, β = 123.8260(10)°, V = 908.73(6) Å 3 , Z = 2, R gt ( F ) = 0.0115, wR ref ( F 2 ) = 0.0235, T = 223 K.
Amphotericin B Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Clinical Use: Comparison with Bioassay and HPLC (1997)

The determination of serum amphotericin B concentrations by ELISA gave results similar to those obtained by a bioassay and HPLC technique. Although variability appears greater with ELISA, the ease of performing yjis assay expedites the evaluation of amphotericin B concentrations from lipid formulations without interference from coadministered antibacterials of azole antifungals.
Chemical treatment of swine wastewater (1993)

Abstract Chemical treatment processes can be applied in conjunction with physical and biological processes to effectively treat swine wastewaters. This study investigated the optimum dosage and the effectiveness of five different chemical treatments on low, medium and high strength wastewaters. Effectiveness was measured primarily in terms of suspended and total solids removal, and biological and chemical oxygen demand reduction. Phosphate removal was also measured but not optimized. The results showed that for all wastewater strengths, a low dosage of the polymer PERCOL 728 was the most effective. This polymer was excellent at solids removal, increasing the removal efficiency by approximately 20%. It was also effective at reducing the biological and chemical oxygen demands of the wastewaters. However, PERCOL 728 was the least effective of the chemicals in the removal of PO4‐P; lime and alum proved more effective than FeCl3 in this capacity. The PO4‐P removal trend was for efficiency to increase with dosage strength. Given this, the amount of chemicals required to maximize PO4‐P removal is so high that such treatment becomes impractical. The biopolymer chitosan was ineffective at solids removal and is not recommended for waste treatment.
Thin-film mid-infrared semiconductor waveguide technology (2014)

In this contribution we describe recent progresses on ultra-sensitive chemical sensing in the mid-infrared (MIR; 3-20 μm) spectral range combining microfabricated thin-film GaAs/AlGaAs and HgCdTe waveguides with quantum cascade lasers (QCL). Epitaxial grown methods including molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) were applied facilitating the growth of 6 μm thin on-chip waveguide layers, which may be further structured using e.g., reactive ion etching (RIE) and/or focused ion beam milling (FIB) for establishing a variety of substrate-integrated waveguide geometries. Such waveguides readily combine with single-wavelength-emitting or broadly tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCL) providing access to the entire MIR window for advanced chem/bio sensing applications.
Simultaneous T2 and mapping of multiple sclerosis lesions with radial RARE‐EPI (2021)

This work demonstrates the feasibility of radially (under)sampled 2in1-RARE-EPI for simultaneous T<sub>2</sub> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>∗</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:math> mapping in MS patients.
Modular Reasoning with Join Point Interfaces (2011)

In current aspect-oriented systems, aspects usually carry, through their pointcuts, explicit references to the base code. Those references are fragile and give up important software engineering properties such as modular reasoning and independent evolution of aspects and base code. A well-studied solution to this problem consists in separating base code and aspects using an intermediate interface abstraction. In this work, we show that previous approaches fail at restoring modular reasoning because they do not provide modular type checking; programs can fail to compose when woven, even though their interfaces are compatible. We introduce a novel abstraction called Join Point Interfaces, which, by design, supports modular reasoning and independent evolution by providing a modular type-checking algorithm. Join point interfaces further offer polymorphic dispatch on join points, with an advice-dispatch semantics akin to multi-methods. As we show, our semantics solves important problems present in previous approaches to advice dispatch. We have fully implemented join point interfaces as an opensource extension to the AspectBench Compiler. A study on existing aspect-oriented programs of varying sizes and domains supports our major design choices and reveals potential for exploiting polymorphism through non-trivial join-point type
Two Primary Standards for Low Flows of Gases (2002)

We describe two primary standards for gas flow in the range from 0.1 to 1000 μmol/s. (1 μmol/s ≅ 1.3 cm(3)/min at 0 °C and 1 atmosphere.) The first standard is a volumetric technique in which measurements of pressure, volume, temperature, and time are recorded while gas flows in or out of a stainless steel bellows at constant pressure. The second standard is a gravimetric technique. A small aluminum pressure cylinder supplies gas to a laminar flow meter, and the integrated throughput of the laminar flow meter is compared to the weight decrease of the cylinder. The two standards, which have standard uncertainties of 0.019 %, agree to within combined uncertainties with each other and with a third primary standard at NIST based on pressure measurements at constant volume.
A fast 3-D eigenvalue solver for finite-element-based analysis of multilayered integrated circuits (2010)

A fast complex-valued 3-D eigenvalue solver for finite-element-based analysis was developed to solve arbitrarily-shaped multilayered integrated circuits. Numerical results have demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solver.
RACCOON: a peer-based system for data integration and sharing (2004)

Recent database applications see the emerging need to support data integration in distributed, peer-to-peer environments, in which autonomous peers (sources) connected by a network are willing to exchange data and services with each other. To address related research challenges, we are developing a system called "RACCOON", which allows different sources to integrate and share their data. We use an application to show several important features of the RACCOON system. The system also suggests semantic mappings for the user to choose. We show the two different querying modes, particularly how a query is expanded using the semantic mappings in the extended querying mode to compute as many answers to the query as possible.
Ruthenium-based catalysts for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of functionalized cyclic olefins (2000)

peer reviewed
A classification of network traffic status for various scale networks (2013)

Techniques of network status estimation and traffic prediction are required for network control and user applications in the contexts where a variety of traffic data sources are available. Due to the difficulty of estimating applications' network demands and the difficulty of predicting network load, however, the management of network resources has often been ignored. This paper presents a heuristic of network status classification that has been observed in various scale operational networks. The basic idea of the approach is that network traffic repeat cycles of congested states and that a variation of network latency is strongly correlated with the past history of the latency. We directly monitor network load by continually measuring end-to-end network latencies in real operational networks and classify network traffic status with respect to the stability and the burstiness of the latencies. The experimental results showed that the proposed method is capable of evaluating network traffic status and reflecting the related fluctuations.
Reduction of Interfacial Gaps and Enhancement of PEM Fuel Cell Performance Via a New CCL|MPL Architecture (2022)

A new enhanced architecture for fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) which incorporates deposition of an MPL layer directly on a catalyst coated membrane (CCM) is demonstrated. This modified MPL helps to reduce interfacial gaps present between the catalyst layer and the conventional MPL-coated gas diffusion layer of the MEAs and reduces water accumulation, which ultimately results in higher power densities (Figure 1). Three types of commercial carbon black with different porosity and hydrophilicity were directly deposited on the low loading cathode catalyst layers (0.1 mg Pt cm −2 ) of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) used in H 2 /O 2 fuel cells. Among the carbon materials investigated, Acetylene Black- and Vulcan XC72R-based modified MPLs (mass loadings ~ 0 – 1.0 mg cm −2 ) lead to higher performance in the high current density regions due to their lower porosity and higher hydrophobicity. Detailed information about this approach, preparation and performance characteristics will be discussed during the meeting. Figure 1
The Philological Endeavours of the Early Arabic Linguists: Theological Implications of the tawqīf-iṡṫilāh Antithesis and the majāz Controversy (Part II) (2000)

The concluding part of the article pursues the theoretical arguments which relate to the tawqīf-işṭilāḥ debate on the origin of language and the intricate link with the concept of majāz. The article attempts to show how the question of the origin of language was imported into the controversy relating to the resort to metaphor and figurative language in the exegesis of the Qur'an and Prophetic dicta. Moreover, there was concern in some quarters that religious doctrines were being articulated through a veneer of metaphorical language. Some theologians had, in presenting a hypothesis for the existence of tropical expressions in the idiom of Arabic, referred to the concept of işṭilāḥ to justify their arguments, whilst tawqīf al-lugha was adduced to counter such reasoning. The religious significance of the issue is highlighted by Ibn Taymiyya who advances the thesis that the evolved concept of majāz was expressly formulated at a posterior juncture in the development of the Islamic tradition. He vociferously argues that a developed concept of majāz was insidiously exploited by those with preconceived theological motives. The article shows why Ibn Taymiyya had to discard the perceived sacrosanct doctrine of tawqīfal-lugha in order to refute theoretically the concept of majāz. This also meant that for scholars of the same view as Ibn Taymiyya, the aesthetic features associated with the device of majāz were summarily disregarded. Nevertheless, a concept of majāz was explicitly endorsed as an indisputable feature of the Arabic language by a majority of scholars.
Minimisation of functionality and implementation of embedded low-power WWW-server (2002)

A webserver based on an interoperable subset of TCP/IPv6 and HTTP/1.1 protocols has been implemented with synthesisable RTL-VHDL. Excluding homepage memory and network interface, the size of the corresponding intellectual property block is 13 kgates. Processing of a homepage request takes 51 µs of time and consumes only 3 µJ of energy with 20 MHz clock rate. This provides the possibility of embedding the HTTP/1.1 server into small ubiquitous low-power devices.
Warm-season turfgrass species and cultivar characterizations for Mediterranean climate (2001)

In many regions of the northern Mediterranean the low rainfall and limited water availability are major developing concerns. Traditionally C 3 cool-season turfgrasses have been used in Italy and other similar regions. However, certain of the C 4 warm-season turfgrass species have a much lower water use rate and superior drought resistance and dehydration avoidance. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to evaluate the adaptation of four warm-season turfgrass species to the Mediterranean environment of Italy. Included in the study were 5 vegetative propagated and 11 seeded cultivars of Cynodon, 5 vegetatively propagated and 4 seeded cultivars of Zoysia, 2 vegetatively propagated Paspalum vaginatum cultivars, and 3 seeded Buchloe dactyloides cultivars. The experiment was conducted over a six-year period with the cultural conditions being representative of golf course fairways and sports fields, including a 13 mm cutting height. The findings from this study revealed the vegetatively propagated cultivars as a group were much better than the seeded cultivars of Cynodon, Zoysia, Paspalum, and Buchloe in terms of turfgrass quality, shoot density, and leaf blade width. The seed propagated Zoysia japonica cultivars were damaged because of significant Puccinia species problems in the fifth and sixth years, while De Anza and Victoria were severely damaged by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn in 1999. Princess C. dactylon var. dactylon ranked considerably higher and acceptable in turfgrass performance compared to the remainder of the seeded Cynodon cultivars.
Effect of Gas Hydrate Formers on Microorganisms (1970)

VARIOUS BACTERIA, YEASTS, AND MOLDS IMPORTANT TO THE FOOD INDUSTRY WERE INCUBATED IN AEROSOL CANS CONTAINING A C BROTH AND ONE OF THE FOLLOWING THREE GAS HYDRATE FORMERS: propane, dichlorodifluoromethane (f-12), and 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane (f-142b). Most hydrate formers were tested at three concentrations: low (vapor state), intermediate (liquid state, low level), and high (liquid state, high level). Samples were continuously agitated for 48 hr at 21 +/- 3 C. Changes in numbers of microorganisms were determined by plate count. With hydrate formers in the vapor state, propane was more toxic to the microorganisms tested than either f-12 or f-142b. The most resistant organisms from these trials were then tested against f-12 or f-142b in the liquid state. Hydrate formers were far more toxic in the liquid state than in the vapor state. With the exception of sporulated cultures of Bacillus cereus, all microorganisms tested were greatly reduced in numbers when agitated for 48 hr at 21 C in the presence of f-12 or f-142b.
Recent Advances in Space-Time-Coding Digital Metasurfaces (2020)

We provide a compact summary of our recent results and ongoing research on digital metasurfaces based on spatio-temporal coding. Examples of field manipulations include harmonic beam steering and/or shaping and programmable nonreciprocal effects. Possible applications range from wireless communications to radars and imaging.