gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computerized tomography--how safe? (1980)

The case report by Huhn and Hiller is an additional interesting example of the association between hyperthyroidism and thrombocytopenia in a young woman also showing laboratory evidence of autoimmunity. Thyrotoxicosis and thrombocytopenia have been reported together associated in a "primary" way, in which cases the adequate treatment of the former condition brings the platelet count to normal.<sup>1</sup>In addition, Graves' disease and ITP could appear together in the same patient as independent conditions. In this situation, the thrombocytopenia is extremely refractory to treatment, the thyrotoxicosis influencing the natural history of the ITP, as we showed in our report. In the case report by Huhn and Hiller, it is not clear whether the patient suffered from Graves' disease or from hyperthyroidism without goiter. This point might be important, since from 28 reported cases found in the literature of a primary association between thyrotoxicosis and thrombocytopenia, in 21 the thyroid gland
Experimental and thermodynamic study of chromium-base alloys containing nickel (2016)

The chromium-rich half part of the binary Cr-Ni system was explored by thermodynamic calculations and by the synthesis and the analysis of real alloys. Five Cr-xNi alloys with x=50, 40, 30, 20 and 10wt.% were cast, then exposed at 1200°C for 50 hours. Their as-cast and aged microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electronic microscopy and image analysis. Calculationswere carried out with Thermo- Calc. Globally they are good correspondence between the microstructure results and the thermodynamic calculations in terms of mass fractions. The experimental data brought additional information about themorphology of the phases.
Cell Metallic Contact Resistance of Field-Retrieved PV Modules (2020)

It is well known that the series resistance of photovoltaic (PV) modules increases over time in the field. Depending on the stress level and duration of local field/climatic conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity), the extent of series resistance increase can vary. To reduce the overall increase of the series resistance, it is crucial to determine and understand the extent of resistance increase in the individual components (i.e., cell metallization and interconnect solder bonds) of the field exposed modules. The cell metallization resistance is caused by both line resistance of the gridlines and the contact resistance between gridlines and semiconductor. This paper analyzes the increase of gridline resistance and contact resistance of the cells in the PV modules of same construction/type retrieved from two different high stress level climatic conditions, hot-dry (Arizona) and hot-humid (Florida). To correlate the contact resistance data with other studies, both retrieved-modules and extracted-cells have been characterized by current-voltage, UV fluorescence, reflected light microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
80Use of statins and adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: the EURObservational research programme atrial fibrillation (EORP-AF) general pilot registry (2017)

with 30 RF patients. The CB group had fewer gaps in left PVs (CB 1.201.03 vs RF 1.971.10, p=0.007), but there were no significant differences in gap length (CB 23.125.02 mm vs RF 32.424.8 mm, p=0.10). Globally, the groups did not differ in total gaps (CB 4.402.19 vs RF 5.132.24, p=0.21), gap length (CB 80.0950.65 mm vs RF 88.9361.39 mm, p=0.55), or NGL (CB 0.320.19 mm vs RF 0.350.24 mm, p=0.59); For both techniques, right PVs had a higher number of gaps, compared to left PVs: 3.181.59 vs 1.581.12 (p=0.01), respectively. Conclusion: CB had a fewer number of DE-CMR gaps in the left PV's as compared to RF. Both techniques had a higher number of gaps in right PVs than in left PVs.
Selective accumulation of CCR4+ T lymphocytes into renal tissue of patients with lupus nephritis (2002)

These results suggest that CCR4+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, which represent Th2 cells, preferentially migrate into the renal tissue of patients with lupus nephritis. The maldistribution of CCR4+ T lymphocytes might be involved in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
Insight into the role of reduced graphene oxide in enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in disordered carbon nitride (2022)

Compared to crystalline carbon nitride, the performance of disordered carbon nitride (d-CN) as a hydrogen production photocatalyst is extremely poor. Owing to its disordered atomic orientation, it is prone to numerous defect states. These energy states are potential sites for trapping and recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. As a result, rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers places a fundamental photophysical challenge in charge separation and transport, which inhibits its photocatalytic activity. In the presence of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), d-CN shows enhanced photocatalytic production of hydrogen. However, photophysical insight into the tacit role of rGO is not well understood which limits the rational design of d-CN as a photocatalyst. Particularly, understanding of the early time-scale (in fs to ps) recombination mechanism and the charge transport kinetics has not yet been achieved. With the help of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, femtosecond time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy and transient photocurrent measurements, this article deciphers the ultrafast dynamics of the separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers in d-CN facilitated by rGO. It is found that rGO substantially suppresses the bimolecular and trap-assisted recombination and enables a faster separation of charge carriers. As a result, it increases the lifetime of the charge carriers to be transported to the surface catalytic sites, and therefore, augments the rate of hydrogen production almost by an order of magnitude. Our findings therefore offer a proof-of-concept for overcoming the trap-mediated recombination problems in disordered carbon nitride.
Catalytic Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Alkylations with Cyclic Sulfamidates (2009)

Open for business: The enantio- and diastereoselective nucleophilic ring opening of five-membered and six-membered cyclic sulfamidates under asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis is presented. A range of pro-nucleophiles have been successfully alkylated in good yields and in good to excellent enantioselectivites. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Changes of Respiratory Mechanics in Pregnant Woman under General Anesthesia for Cesarean Section (2003)

Background: In pregnant woman, the respiratory system is influenced by the hormonal environment and an enlarged gravid uterus. After delivery of the fetus, and contraction of the uterus, changes in the respiratory system produced by the mechanical effect of the gravid uterus may decrease or be reversed. We designed this study to observe changes in the respiratory mechanics in pregnant woman under general anesthesia for cesarean section. Methods: 15 pregnant women at term, ASA 1 were studied. Induction was performed with thiopental/succinylcholine and maintained with , and enflurane until delivery. Just before delivery, enflurane was discontinued. Vecuronium was given at 0.1 mg/kg iv 4 min after induction, and after delivery, 1 mg was given as needed. Inspired tidal volume, expired tidal volume, inspired minute ventilation, expired minute ventilation, airway peak pressure, plateau pressure, expired volume during the first 1 second/expired tidal volume (V1.0), dynamic compliance and end-tidal were continuously measured just after induction, at delivery and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50 min after delivery. Blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were also measured. Results: Compared to the value after induction, values after delivery showed no significant changes in inspired tidal volume or minute volume, but significantly increased in expired tidal volume and minute volume and dynamic compliance, and a significant decrease in airway peak pressure, plateau pressure, V1.0 and end-tidal . Blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly after induction, compared to before induction. Oxygen saturation was maintained at 99-100%. Conclusions: After delivery, the effects of the gravid uterus on the respiratory system rapidly disappeared, in particular changes of pressure in the airway preceded the respiratory volume changes.
On the application of variational theory on networks (2020)

The well-known Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) theory is the fundamental pillar for most macroscopic traffic models. In the past, many methods were developed to numerically derive solutions for LWR problems. Examples for such numerical solution schemes are the cell transmission model, the link transmission model, and the variational theory (VT) of traffic flow. So far, the latter framework found applications in the fields of traffic modelling, macroscopic fundamental diagram estimation, multi-modal traffic analyses, and data fusion. However, these studies apply VT only at the link or corridor level. To the best of our knowledge, there is no methodology yet to apply VT at the network level. We address this gap by developing a VT-based framework applicable to networks. Our model allows us to account for source terms (e.g. inflows and outflows at intersections) and the propagation of spillbacks between adjacent corridors consistent with kinematic wave theory. We show that the trajectories extracted from a microscopic simulation fit the predicted traffic states from our model for a simple intersection with both source terms and spillbacks. We also use this simple example to illustrate the accuracy of the proposed model. Additionally, we apply our model to the Sioux Falls network and again compare the results to those from a microscopic simulation. Our results indicate a close fit of traffic states, but with substantially lower computational cost. The developed methodology is useful for network-wide traffic state estimations in real-time, or other applications within a model-based optimization framework.
Copper (I) Mediated Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 2-Oxoethylcyclohexenols. A Versatile, Efficient and Diastereoselective Route to anti, Z 6-Alkyl-2-trialkylsilyloxy-1-(2-trimethylsilyloxypropylid-1-ene)-cyclohexanes (1999)

conjugate addition - polyfunctional Michael acceptor - enolate trapping - silyl enols ethers - diastereoselectivity
The cytogenetic theory of the pathogenesis of human adult male germ cell tumors (1998)

Human male germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent a biological paradox because, in order to develop into a pluripotential tumor, a germ cell destined to a path of limited or no proliferation must acquire the potential for unlimited proliferation. In addition, it must acquire the ability to elicit embryonal differentiation patterns without the reciprocal inputs from fertilization and the imprinting-associated genomic changes which are a part of normal embryonal development. Although much speculated about, the genetic mechanisms underlying these properties of male GCTs remain enigmatic. Recent cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses of these tumors are providing new insights and new testable hypotheses. Based on our recent work, we propose two such hypotheses. One relates to the mechanism of germ cell transformation and germ cell tumor development. We suggest that the invariable 12p amplification noted as early as in carcinoma in situ/intratubular germ cell neoplasia (CIS/ITGCN) lesions leads to deregulated overexpression of cyclin D2, a cell cycle G1/S checkpoint regulator with oncogeneic potential. Such overexpression reinitiates the cell cycle. We visualize this happening during the pachytene stage of meiosis through aberrant recombinational events which lead to 12p amplification. The other hypothesis relates to the origin of primary extragonadal GCTs. By comparing cytogenetic changes in primary mediastinal versus gonadal lesions, we propose that, in contrast to long-standing speculation that primary extra-gonadal tumors arise from embryonally misplaced primordial germ cells, these lesions arise from migration of transformed gonadal germ cells.
Modeling the low frequency domain dielectric response of oil-paper insulation (2016)

The frequency domain dielectric response method has been one of the most effective approaches for the condition assessment of transformers. The low frequency part is more effective for diagnosing the moisture content and aging status of oil-paper insulation, which reflects the individual properties of the oil and the cellulose material. To facilitate the study of the low frequency dielectric spectrum of oil-paper insulation, a model applicable to the low frequency dielectric response of oil-paper insulation is proposed in this paper, which is on the basis of the electrode polarization of oil-paper insulation and XY model. The applicability of the model is verified against measured results.
Mechanisms of Fatigue in the Creep Range (1971)

The mechanisms of deformation and fracture in creep and fatigue are surveyed. Interactions between time- and cycle-dependent mechanisms are discussed from the standpoint of cumulative damage laws for lifetime prediction. The major roles of temperature and time in the fatigue process are shown to be an increase in the homogeneity and irreversibility of slip, cavitation of particle-matrix interfaces, and the growth of surface oxide layers to a thickness that can affect crack initiation; the principal effect of cyclic loading on creep fracture is the acceleration of crack propagation resulting from resharpening of microcracks. One of the major areas of uncertainty in cumulative damage is concluded to be the influence—either beneficial or deleterious—of compressive loading. Cavities initially produced in tension may be sintered by diffusion or rewelding in compression; on the other hand, sharp microcracks generated in compressive creep can severely accelerate fracture. It is suggested that these effects may be understood by considering whether the deformation is planar or wavy.
Hyperargininemia in an inducible arginase‐1 deficient mouse model (2013)

We generated an inducible arginase‐1 (Arg1) deficient mouse model by crossing “floxed” Arg1 mice with the Cre‐ER‐T2 model (Arg1‐Cre). These Arg1‐Cre mice die about 2 weeks after tamoxifen administration regardless of the starting age of inducing the knockout and show signs of hyperammonemia and significantly elevated arginine levels (n=4–5; four time points from 2 weeks to 14 weeks of age). Plasma creatine and creatinine levels are normal but guanidinoacetate is increased as assessed by tandem mass spectrometry. Attempts to rescue the lethality or at least to mitigate the biochemical defects caused by loss of arginase‐1 by supplementation of ornithine in the drinking water (n=5) were unsuccessful. An arginase‐1/green fluorescent protein retains full catalytic activity and is being introduced into liver hepatocytes and induced pluripotent stem cells obtained from Arg1‐Cre mice in vitro and to animals in vivo to restore normal biochemistry and to rescue the severe phenotypic consequences of deficiency of this enzyme. Arg1‐Cre mice should prove useful to explore the biochemical defects associated with arginase‐1 deficiency and to explore genetic correction strategies.
Genomic structure, alternative splice forms and normal and mutant alleles of cadherin 23 (Cdh23) (2001)

Cadherins are components of adherens junctions and play critical roles during embryogenesis and organogenesis. They interact through the formation of anti-parallel dimers to mediate cell adhesion, migration and compaction. We recently showed that cadherins also play important roles in the inner ear; mutations in cadherin 23 (Cdh23) disrupt stereocilia organization on hair cells leading to deafness and vestibular dysfunction in waltzer mice. Here we extend our initial study on the structure and function of Cdh23. The mouse Cdh23 locus is comprised of two 5'-untranslated exons and 69 coding exons; together they cover a genomic distance of at least 350 kb. Amino acid sequence alignments and secondary structure prediction suggest that Cdh23 ectodomains adopt a conformation similar to the classic cadherins. Nucleotide sequence analysis of six alleles of waltzer reveals a strong correlation between loss of function mutations and the deafness/waltzing phenotype. A Cdh23 transcript with a spliced exon 68 is the predominantly expressed isoform in the organ of Corti. Age-related hearing loss (Ahl) is a non-syndromic trait in common inbred strains of mice associated with the Ahl locus on chromosome 10. Sequence comparison of Cdh23 between C57BL/6J and CAST/Ei identified ten amino acid polymorphisms. In the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions we detected 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms. None of these sequence changes correlate with the Ahl phenotype. Our results provide the necessary framework for further characterization of Cdh23-related hearing loss in mice.
Analysis of molecular mechanisms of response and resistance to vemurafenib (vem) in BRAFV600E melanoma. (2012)

8503^ Background: Vem induces frequent clinical responses (RR &gt;50%) and improved survival in patients (pts) with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma. Multiple mechanisms of escape from vem have been proposed. We performed a centralized analysis of pretreatment, cycle 1, day 15 (D15), and progression (DP) tumor samples collected during the phase II BRIM-2 trial (Sosman et al, NEJM 2012). Methods: Of 132 pts enrolled, archival tumor samples, biopsies taken at baseline (BL), D15, and DP were obtained from 84, 38, 26, and 22 pts, respectively, and analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for signaling molecules in the MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and cell cycle pathways. Genetic analyses of signaling genes were performed using Sequenom MASSarray and direct DNA sequencing. Results: High levels of ERK phosphorylation were seen at BL indicating constitutive MAPK signaling due to the BRAF mutation. In 19/22 paired samples, pERK levels were reduced following vem (BL vs D15). Mean absolute pERK reduction in pts with clinical response (RECIST criteria) to vem (n=14) was significantly greater than in non-responders (n=8; p=0.013). Baseline cytoplasmic PTEN H-score was higher in responders vs non-responders (H-score=88 vs 68; p=0.042). At progression, upregulation of pERK (H-score=181) was frequently, but not uniformly found vs D15 tumors (H-score=48.5). At progression, increases in Cyclin D1 and Ki67 were seen, without obvious changes in PTEN or pAKT. NRAS mutations occurred in 3/13 DP; 2 had paired BL samples without NRAS mutations. Only 1/82 pts had a concomitant NRAS and BRAF mutation at BL, and did not respond to vem. MAP2K1 (MEK1) codon 124 mutations occurred in 7/92 BL and 1/20 DP samples. 2 pts with BL MEK1 mutations had partial responses. Conclusions: MAPK signaling was effectively inhibited by vem early in treatment, and in the subset of patients with matched tumor samples the degree of pathway inhibition correlated with clinical response. MAPK signaling is upregulated in many lesions at progression. NRAS mutations appear to be a mechanism of acquired resistance in a few tumors (3/13), while the role of MEK1 mutations in resistance is less clear.
Sleep–wake cycles and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia (2011)

Consolidated circadian rhythms and sleep may be a prerequisite for adequate cognitive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia.
Kinetic analysis of the cross reaction between dithioester and alkoxyamine by a Monte Carlo simulation (2006)

Abstract A model reaction of dithioester and alkoxyamine is proposed to probe the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process. The kinetics of the model reaction is analyzed and compared with that of pure alkoxyamine homolysis with a Monte Carlo simulation. Although the pure alkoxyamine obeys the law of persistent radical effect, the model reaction results in higher concentration of the persistent radical during the main period of the reaction. However, for a very fast RAFT process or a very low addition rate constant, the time dependence of the persistent radical concentration is quite close to that of pure alkoxyamine. Furthermore, the cross termination between the intermediate and alkyl radicals causes a retardation effect for the model reaction when the intermediate is relatively long‐lived. The Monte Carlo simulation indicates that it is feasible to measure the individual rate constants of the RAFT process, such as the rate constant of addition, with a large excess of alkoxyamine. In addition, the special feature of the system with different leaving groups in the alkoxyamine and dithioester is also discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 374–387, 2007
Efficient picosecond pulse shaping by programmable Bragg grating (2006)

We propose a method for picosecond pulse shaping in a programmable manner. A genetic algorithm is used for searching of control parameters, and more than 40% of theoretic maximum energy is achieved in shaped pulse.
Differential GPS in a real time land vehicle environment-satellite based van carrier location system (2002)

The handling of containers in terminals requires, in particular in the application of "chaotic storekeeping", optimal logistic organization-supported by technical and innovative methods. In this manner, it is possible to guarantee that the existing resources are used at maximal cost and time efficiency. The satellite supported DGPS location system represents a substantial contribution to this problem, which determines the container location during the pick-up and set-down phases in the decimeter range and transmits this information via data telemetry link to the central control office. This allows the realization of a fully automatic administration of the container storage facility, as well as integration into the company's data radio link and terminal control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization, correction and de novo assembly of an Oxford Nanopore genomic dataset from Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2016)

The MinION is a portable single-molecule DNA sequencing instrument that was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies in 2014, producing long sequencing reads by measuring changes in ionic flow when single-stranded DNA molecules translocate through the pores. While MinION long reads have an error rate substantially higher than the ones produced by short-read sequencing technologies, they can generate de novo assemblies of microbial genomes, after an initial correction step that includes alignment of Illumina sequencing data or detection of overlaps between Oxford Nanopore reads to improve accuracy. In this study, MinION reads were generated from the multi-chromosome genome of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Errors in the consensus two-directional (sense and antisense) "2D" sequences were first characterized by way of comparison with an internal reference assembly. Both Illumina-based correction and self-correction were performed and the resulting corrected reads assembled into high-quality hybrid and non-hybrid assemblies. Corrected read datasets and assemblies were subsequently compared. The results shown here indicate that both hybrid and non-hybrid methods can be used to assemble Oxford Nanopore reads into informative multi-chromosome assemblies, each with slightly different outcomes in terms of contiguity and accuracy.