gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear Network Error Correction Coding Revisited (2020)

We consider linear network error correction (LNEC) coding when errors may occur on the edges of a communication network of which the topology is known. In this paper, we first revisit and explore the framework of LNEC coding, and then unify two well-known LNEC coding approaches. In LNEC coding, LNEC maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are a type of most important optimal codes. However, the minimum required field size for the existence of LNEC MDS codes is an open problem not only of theoretical interest but also of practical importance, because it is closely related to the implementation of such coding schemes in terms of computational complexity and storage requirement. In this paper, we obtain an improved lower bound on the required field size by developing a graph-theoretic approach. The improvement over the existing results is in general significant. Furthermore, by applying the graph-theoretic approach to the framework of LNEC coding, we obtain a significantly enhanced characterization of the capability of an LNEC code in terms of its minimum distance.
Transform-limited pulse generation in normal cavity dispersion erbium doped single-walled carbon nanotubes mode-locked fiber ring laser (2012)

We demonstrate an erbium doped fiber ring laser mode-locked with a carboxymetylcellulose high-optical quality film with dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). The laser with large normal net cavity dispersion generates near bandwidth-limited picosecond inverse modified soliton pulses at 1.56 µm.
IFN-γ Prevents Adenosine Receptor (A2bR) Upregulation To Sustain the Macrophage Activation Response (2015)

The priming of macrophages with IFN-γ prior to TLR stimulation results in enhanced and prolonged inflammatory cytokine production. In this study, we demonstrate that, following TLR stimulation, macrophages upregulate the adenosine 2b receptor (A2bR) to enhance their sensitivity to immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine. This upregulation of A2bR leads to the induction of macrophages with an immunoregulatory phenotype and the downregulation of inflammation. IFN-γ priming of macrophages selectively prevents the induction of the A2bR in macrophages to mitigate sensitivity to adenosine and to prevent this regulatory transition. IFN-γ-mediated A2bR blockade leads to a prolonged production of TNF-α and IL-12 in response to TLR ligation. The pharmacologic inhibition or the genetic deletion of the A2bR results in a hyperinflammatory response to TLR ligation, similar to IFN-γ treatment of macrophages. Conversely, the overexpression of A2bR on macrophages blunts the IFN-γ effects and promotes the development of immunoregulatory macrophages. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism whereby IFN-γ contributes to host defense by desensitizing macrophages to the immunoregulatory effects of adenosine. This mechanism overcomes the transient nature of TLR activation, and prolongs the antimicrobial state of the classically activated macrophage. This study may offer promising new targets to improve the clinical outcome of inflammatory diseases in which macrophage activation is dysregulated.
Protective effect of Tinospora cordifolia, Phyllanthus emblica and their combination against antitubercular drugs induced hepatic damage: an experimental study (2008)

This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of two Indian medicinal plants Tinospora cordifolia (Tc), Phyllanthus emblica (Pe), and their combination, in a rat model of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide induced hepatic damage. Hepatic damage was assessed using a composite score assigned to histopathological findings of degeneration, necrosis and fibrosis. The antituberculosis treatment (ATT), when given for 90 days, induced significant degeneration and necrosis (score: 7.5; p < 0.01 vs vehicle) associated with morphological changes. However, no change was found in the serum bilirubin and liver enzymes. Co-administration of silymarin (positive control, 50 mg/kg) with ATT protected against necrosis (score: 1.5; p < 0.001 vs ATT). Tc (100 mg/kg) showed a reduction in liver damage (score: 6.5), which was not statistically significant. On the other hand, Pe (300 mg/kg) prevented the necrotic changes to a significant extent (grade 1.0; p < 0.05; score [corrected] 5.5). Combination of Tc and Pe in their therapeutic doses (1:3) significantly prevented the necrosis (score: 3.5; p < 0.001 vs ATT). Similar effects were seen even when the doses were halved and were comparable to the silymarin group. Thus, this study proves the synergistic protective effects exerted by the combination of Tc and Pe when co-administered with ATT.
Transaortic transcatheter aortic valve implantation using SAPIEN XT or SAPIEN 3 valves in the ROUTE registry† (2017)

NCT01991431.
Technical crystallization for application in pharmaceutical material engineering: Review article (2015)

In recent years, engineering the total morphology of pharmaceutical materials particles to desirable shape, size and surface area has long been actively increased because it has many advantages especially for improving physicochemical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). This article therefore considers the potential utility of crystal engineering as a tool for controlling and designing properties of pharmaceutical solid particles in purpose to developing efficacious performance of solid dosage form, fundamentals of crystallization process, applications. In addition, understanding the relationship between molecular recognition, thermodynamic, and kinetics which controls the crystallization process so that it benefits in designing successful experiments to have desirable crystal habit for materials.
10-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-4,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)phenoxazine (2005)

The title compound, C42H41NOP2Si, used as a nixantphos-type ligand in homogeneous catalysis, crystallizes with one mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. The mol­ecule has nearly mirror symmetry with N, O and Si on the pseudo-mirror plane, but it is not located on a crystallographic mirror plane. The most important feature of the mol­ecule is the intra­molecular P—P distance of 4.1453 (12) Å. The bond angles involving the P atoms are in the range 100.32 (14)–103.04 (15)°.
Long-term Follow-up for Treatment of Complicated Chronic Reflux Esophagitis (1987)

In the past 18 years the Nissen fundoplication has undergone a few modifications and changes in our institution and all over the world. The aim of this study is to review the long-term (up to 20 years) results of Nissen fundoplication in 350 patients and to evaluate the effect of major modifications in the technique of fundoplication in these patients. Three hundred fifty patients with symptomatic chronic reflux esophagitis have been treated with Nissen fundoplication in our institution since 1966. They were divided into four groups: patients who had a long, tight fundoplication; patients who had a short, floppy fundoplication; patients with crural approximation; and patients without crural approximation. The preoperative and postoperative findings of these patients were evaluated in each group. Group 1 had more immediate and long-term dysphagia compared with group 2. Also, "gas bloat" syndrome was more prevalent in group 1 than group 2. The location of Nissen fundoplication (chest or abdomen) or the addition of hiatal hernia repair did not change the outcome. In patients with intact Nissen fundoplications, their esophagitis healed, and their symptoms disappeared. The rate of recurrence of symptoms was 5%. Recurrence of symptoms was associated with disruption of the fundoplication, which usually happened within the first two years after operation.
Role of trimetazidine in carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats (2014)

Background: Hepatotoxicity by chemicals and drugs is a common clinical problem. Presently very few drugs are showing effectiveness in prevention and treatment of hepatic damage. So in this study, we evaluated the role of trimetazidine in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced liver damage in rats. Objective of current study is to evaluate effects of prophylactic trimetazidine against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats. Methods: Liver damage was induced in 30 albino rats by CCl 4 (0.5 ml/kg, i.p.) once daily for 7 days. Extent of damage was studied by assessing biochemical parameters (SGOT, SGPT, ALP, proteins and bilirubin). These biochemical observations were supplemented by pentobarbitone Sleeping Time and Histological Examination of liver. The effect of co-administration of trimetazidine (doses 5 and 10 mg/kg p. o.) on the above parameters was investigated. Liv.52 ® was used as Positive Control. Data was analyzed by one way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's test. Results: Trimetazidine significantly prevented CCl 4 induced elevation of serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP and bilirubin (total and direct), and reduction in protein level. Pentobarbitone sleeping time and histological examination of the liver showed consistent results. The results were comparable to that of Liv.52 ® . Conclusions: Trimetazidine, when administered prophylactically, shows hepatoprotective effect against CCl 4 induced liver damage.
BUS high current battery model (1993)

An empirical model for voltage and equivalent series resistance (ESR) has been developed for lead acid batteries used as a pulsed power source. During the design of the battery upgraded supply (BUS) for Eglin Air Force Base, the Center for Electromechanics at the University of Texas at Austin (CEM-UT) developed a model for the batteries to be used in this system. BUS is a 5 MA, 500 MJ inductive power supply charged by batteries for use as a railgun power supply. A series of tests was performed to determine the driving voltage and ESR of the batteries for discharge times from 2 to 10 s and current levels from 500 to 2500 A. A model for voltage and ESR was obtained from these tests. The methods used and sample data from the tests are presented. The main factors affecting battery voltage and ESR are discussed, and the models developed for the batteries tested are described. It is concluded that the proposed empirical model can be used to predict the performance of Pulsar batteries as long as the currents are around 500 to 2500 A and the timeframes are from 2 to 10 s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Screening and Identification of a Lysozyme-producing Streptomyces albus Strain (2011)

A lysozyme-producing strain was obtained from soil using the LB plate and PBS plate both contained Staphylococcus aureus,followed by detecting activity changes after treatment with protease K.Through analysis of physiological properties and the sequence of 16S rDNA,it was finally classified into Streptomyces albus sp.RJ-36 b.Results suggested that its enzyme-producing process was closely relevant to its growth.The maximal activity(108 U/mL) was achieved in shake flask at 32 ℃,200 r/min for 60 h.
Shaping Lightwaves in Time and Frequency for Optical Fiber Communication (2021)

Abstract In optical communications, sphere shaping is used to limit the energy of lightwaves to within a certain value over a period. This minimizes the energy required to contain information, allowing the rate of information transmission to approach the theoretical limit if the transmission medium is linear. In optical fiber, however, the sphere shaping induces Kerr nonlinearity in a peculiar way that makes analysis of transmission performance difficult, potentially lowering the communications capacity. In this article, we show how the impact of sphere shaping on Kerr nonlinearity varies with the chromatic dispersion and the structure of shaped lightwaves in time and frequency, and give insights into why the structure matters. As a practical consequence, by optimally controlling the structure of lightwaves in time and frequency, it is experimentally demonstrated that the information rate can be increased by up to 25% in low-dispersion channels on a 2824-km dispersion-managed wavelength-division multiplexed optical fiber link.
Colorimetric detection of Cd2+ using gold nanoparticles cofunctionalized with 6-mercaptonicotinic acid and l-Cysteine (2011)

We have developed a colorimetric assay for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Cd(2+) using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) cofunctionalized with 6-mercaptonicotinic acid (MNA) and L-Cysteine (L-Cys) through the formation of an Au-S bond. In the presence of Cd(2+), the aggregation of functionalized AuNPs occurred by means of a metal-ligand interaction that led to visible color changes. Most importantly, cofunctionalized AuNPs had better responses for Cd(2+) than that functionalized by either MNA or L-Cys. Cd(2+) could be detected by the colorimetric response of AuNPs that could be detected by the naked eye or a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The absorbance ratio (A(620)/A(523)) was linear with the Cd(2+) concentration in the range of 2.0 × 10(-7) to 1.7 × 10(-6) M. Under optimum conditions (2.0 × 10(-5) M MNA, 2.0 × 10(-6) M L-Cys and 0.020 M NaCl at pH 10.0), the detection limit (3σ) of Cd(2+) could be as low as 1.0 × 10(-7) M. Interference experiments showed that Pb(2+) and Cu(2+) caused a slight interference for Cd(2+) determination while other metal ions caused no interference. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the concentration of Cd(2+) in environmental samples (lake water).
Deadline scheduling in fault tolerant real time systems (1992)

Deadline scheduling means that the task with the earliest required response time is processed (earliest deadline first). In many points this kind of scheduling is superior to fixed priority scheduling. This work investigates the applicability of dynamic deadline scheduling in fault tolerant multicomputer systems with active redundancy and asynchronous scheduling. Tasks are preemptive and are subject to precedence constraints. It is shown that the additional computation resources necessary for fault situations can be reduced by relating the error detection timer to the deadline. If however the usual methods of deadline scheduling are applied deadlines can be missed. A new technique of deadline scheduling meeting all requirements for fault tolerant systems is proposed.
Buccal Fat Pad, an Oral Access Source of Human Adipose Stem Cells with Potential for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering: An In Vitro Study (2010)

Stem cells offer an interesting tool for tissue engineering, but the clinical applications are limited by donor-site morbidity and low cell number upon harvest. Recent studies have identified an abundant source of stem cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) present in adipose tissue are able to differentiate to several lineages and express multiple growth factors, which makes them suitable for clinical application. Buccal fat pad (BFP), an adipose-encapsulated mass found in the oral cavity, could represent an easy access source for dentists and oral surgeons. The stromal vascular fraction obtained from fresh BFP-derived adipose tissue and passaged ASCs were analyzed to detect and quantify the percentage of ASCs in this tissue. Here we show that BFP contains a population of stem cells that share a similar phenotype with ASCs from abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue, and are also able to differentiate into the chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic lineage. These results define BFP as a new, rich, and accessible source of ASCs for tissue engineering purposes.
Phylogeny and photosynthetic features of Thiobacillus acidophilus and related acidophilic bacteria: its transfer to the genus Acidiphilium as Acidiphilium acidophilum comb. nov. (1998)

Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences and genomic DNA-DNA relatedness showed that the sulphur-oxidizing facultative chemolithotroph Thiobacillus acidophilus was closely related to members of the genus Acidiphilium, which is a group of strictly aerobic, heterotrophic acidophiles now categorized into aerobic photosynthetic bacteria. Lipophilic pigment analyses revealed that zinc-chelated bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids occurred in appreciable amounts in T. acidophilus and all established species of the genus Acidiphilium. PCR experiments showed that T. acidophilus as well as Acidiphilium species contained puf genes, encoding the photosynthetic reaction centre proteins and the core light-harvesting complex of the purple bacteria. There were high similarities between T. acidophilus and Acidiphilium species in the primary structure of their reaction centre proteins deduced from the nucleotide sequence data. The phylogenetic tree of the reaction centre proteins was in agreement with the 16S rDNA sequence-based phylogenetic tree in the relationship between T. acidophilus and Acidiphilium species and between the Acidiphilium cluster and other purple photosynthetic bacteria. Based on these results, together with previous phylogenetic and phenotypic information, it is proposed to reclassify T. acidophilus (Guay and Silver) Harrison 1983 as Acidiphilium acidophilum comb. nov. The type strain is ATCC 27807T (= DSM 700T).
Divided-Pulse Amplification of Ultrashort Pulses (2006)

We demonstrate an approach to avoid nonlinear effects in the amplification. The initial pulse is divided into a sequence of lower-energy identical pulses. The low-intensity pulses are amplified and recombined to create a final pulse.&lt;/b&gt; Article not available.
A neural model for ontology matching (2011)

Ontology matching is a key issue in the Semantic Web. The paper describes an unsupervised neural model for matching pairs of ontologies. The result of matching two ontologies is a class alignment, where each concept in one ontology is put into correspondence with a semantically related concept in the other one. The framework is based on a model of hierarchical self-organizing maps. Every concept of the two ontologies that are matched is encoded in a bag-of-words style, by counting the words that occur in their OWL concept definition. We evaluated this ontology matching model with the OAEI benchmark data set for the bibliography domain. For our experiments we chose pairs of ontologies from the dataset as candidates for matching.
Transmission-Electron-Microscopy Observations on the Growth of Epitaxial Graphene on 3C-SiC(110) and 3C-SiC(100) Virtual Substrates (2012)

By conducting a heteroepitaxy of a 3C-SiC film on a Si substrate and by annealing its surface in a UHV ambient, epitaxial graphene can be formed on such 3C-SiC virtual substrates. While the growth on the Si-terminated 3C-SiC(111)/Si (111) surface is known to proceed in a similar manner as on the Si-terminated 6H-SiC(0001) surface, successful growth of graphene on 3C-SiC(100)/Si (100) and 3C-SiC(110)/Si (110) surfaces remains puzzling. We have carried out detailed cross-sectional transmission-electron-microscopy observations on these systems to find out that (111)-facets may play crucial roles in the initiation of graphene on these surfaces. This observation also accounts for the absence of the interface layer at the graphene/SiC in these orientations.
Rotational diffusion of fluorene in hydroxylic solvents (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRotational diffusion of fluorene in hydroxylic solventsYong Rok Kim and Robin M. HochstrasserCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 24, 9595–9597Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100203a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j100203a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Effect of austenite grain size and bainite morphology on overall kinetics of bainite transformation in steels (1999)

An attempt is made to rationalise some contradictory observations on the effect of austenite grain size on the overall kinetics of the bainite transformation in steels. Experiments have been carried out on two steels which show opposite effects of austenite grain size on the reaction rate. General equations describing the reaction rate are derived by taking into account the morphology of the bainite in each steel. The equations derived can explain the contradictory effects of the austenite grain size on the overall reaction rate. The results are also found to be in good agreement with the published data.
ControversyBERT: Detecting Social Controversies and Their Impact on Stock Returns (2023)

Companies linked to social controversies experience an average drop in returns of more than 200 basis points in the days surrounding the outbreak of controversial news. To identify such social controversy events, we build ControversyBERT, a large language model trained on a sample of one million news headlines to detect reports of controversial incidents in daily news feeds. Among the eight examined social dimensions, controversies surrounding violations of product safety standards, labor standards, as well as consumer data safety and data privacy breaches significantly affect firm returns. The corresponding stock price reaction is negative in all considered geographic regions and is driven by small- to medium-market-capitalization companies for which information diffusion is slowest. Even though the buildup in controversial news sees most of the negative price reaction occurring before the event, our controversy indicator can help in avoiding about 30% of the overall effect by the timely divesting of holdings in the identified companies.
Material Properties of the Mandibular Trabecular Bone (2014)

The present paper introduces a numerical simulation aided, experimental method for the measurement of Young's modulus of the trabecular substance in the human mandible. Compression tests were performed on fresh cadaveric samples containing trabecular bone covered with cortical layer, thus avoiding the destruction caused by the sterilization, preservation, and storage and the underestimation of the stiffness resulting from the individual failure of the trabeculae cut on the surfaces. The elastic modulus of the spongiosa was determined by the numerical simulation of each compression test using a specimen specific finite element model of each sample. The received mandibular trabecular bone Young's modulus values ranged from 6.9 to 199.5 MPa.