gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visualizing the pH in Escherichia coli colonies via the sensor protein mCherryEA allows high-throughput screening of mutant libraries (2021)

Abstract Cytoplasmic pH is tightly regulated by diverse active mechanisms and interconnected regulatory processes in bacteria. Many processes and regulators underlying pH-homeostasis have been identified via phenotypic screening of strain libraries towards non-growth at low or high pH values. Direct screens with respect to changes of the internal pH in mutant strain collections are limited by laborious methods including fluorescent dyes or radioactive probes. Genetically encoded biosensors equip single organisms or strain libraries with an internal sensor molecule already during the generation of the strain. In this study, we used the pH-sensitive mCherry variant mCherryEA as ratiometric pH biosensor. We visualized the internal pH of E. coli colonies on agar plates by the use of a Gel-Doc imaging system. Combining this imaging technology with robot-assisted colony picking and spotting allowed us to screen and select mutants with altered internal pH values from a small transposon mutagenesis derived E. coli library. Identification of the TN- insertion sites in strains with altered internal pH levels revealed that the transposon was inserted into trkH (encoding a transmembrane protein of the potassium uptake system) or the rssB gene (encoding the anti-adaptor protein RssB which mediates the proteolytic degradation of the general stress response regulator RpoS), two genes known to be associated with pH-homeostasis and pH stress adaptation. This successful screening approach demonstrates that the pH- sensor based analysis of arrayed colonies on agar plates is a sensitive approach for the fast identification of genes involved in pH-homeostasis or pH stress adaptation in E. coli . Importance Phenotypic screening of strain libraries on agar plates has become a versatile tool to understand gene functions and to optimize biotechnological platform organisms. Screening is supported by genetically encoded biosensors that allow to easily measure intracellular processes. For this purpose, transcription-factor-based biosensors have emerged as the sensor-type of choice. Here, the target stimulus initiates the activation of a response gene (e.g. a fluorescent protein) followed by transcription, translation and maturation. Due to this mechanistic principle, biosensor readouts are delayed and cannot report the actual intracellular state of the cell in real-time. To capture fast intracellular processes adequately, fluorescent reporter proteins are extensively applied. But these sensor-types are not utilized for phenotypic screenings so far. To take advantage of their properties, we here established an imaging method, which allows to apply a fast ratiometric sensor protein for assessing the internal pH of colonies in a high-thoughput manner.
Snapshots issue 2: Excellence and equity (2013)

Australia’s performance on PIRLS was not as high as might have been thought, given that our students generally perform well on PISA reading literacy. However there is also a wide gap in achievement on PISA between students from a disadvantaged background and students from an affluent background. While some students in disadvantaged schools perform well, and some students in affluent schools perform poorly, one way for Australia to improve its performance on international assessments is to improve the performance of all students, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Supplementary Table S1 from Elevated Expression of the C-Type Lectin CD93 in the Glioblastoma Vasculature Regulates Cytoskeletal Rearrangements That Enhance Vessel Function and Reduce Host Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Semi-quantitative scoring of CD93 expression in 236 human glioma biopsies.&lt;/p&gt;
Validation of a novel partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta device in a swine hemorrhagic shock model: Fine tuning flow to optimize bleeding control and reperfusion injury (2020)

Prolonged pREBOA at a moderate distal flow rate provided adequate hemorrhage control, improved survival, and had evidence of decreased ischemic injury versus fREBOA. Prophylactic aggressive calcium supplementation may have utility before and during the reperfusion phase.
Distributed language models (2009)

Language models are used in a wide variety of natural language applications, including machine translation, speech recognition, spelling correction, optical character recognition, etc. Recent studies have shown that more data is better data, and bigger language models are better language models: the authors found nearly constant machine translation improvements with each doubling of the training data size even at 2 trillion tokens (resulting in 400 billion n-grams). Training and using such large models is a challenge. This tutorial shows efficient methods for distributed training of large language models based on the MapReduce computing model. We also show efficient ways of using distributed models in which requesting individual n-grams is expensive because they require communication between different machines.
Joint optimization of classifier and feature space in speech recognition (2003)

The author presents a feedforward network which classifies the spoken letter names 'b', 'd', 'e', and 'v' with 88.5% accuracy. For many poorly discriminated training examples, the outputs of this network are unstable or sensitive to perturbations of the values of the input features. This residual sensitivity is exploited by inserting into the network a new first hidden layer with localized receptive fields. The new layer gives the network a few additional degrees of freedom with which to optimize the input feature space for the desired classification. The benefit of further, joint optimization of the classifier and the input features was suggested in an experiment in which recognition accuracy was raised to 89.6%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Monolayer organic thin films as particle-contamination–resistant coatings (2023)

Three organic monolayers coatings were developed and tested for their effectiveness to increase cleaning efficiency of attached microscale particles by air flows. The experiments were performed using silica substrates coated with these organic thin films and subsequently exposed to stainless-steel and silica microparticles as a model of contamination. Laser-induced-damage tests confirmed that the coatings do not affect the laser-induced-damage threshold values. The particle exposure results suggest that although the accumulation of particles is not significantly affected under the experimental conditions used in this work, the coated substrates exhibit significantly improved cleaning efficiency with a gas flow. A size-distribution analysis was conducted to study the adsorption and cleaning efficiency of particles of different sizes. It was observed that larger size (> 5-μm) particles can be removed from coated substrates with almost 100% efficiency. It was also determined that the coatings improve the cleaning efficiency of the smaller particles (≤ 5 μm) by 17% to 30% for the stainless steel metal and 19% to 38% for the silica particles.
Long-term human hematopoiesis in SCID-hu mice bearing transplanted fragments of adult bone and bone marrow cells (1995)

An attempt was made to establish an SCID-hu murine model of long-term human hematopoiesis by coimplantation of a bone fragment and bone marrow (BM) cells from an adult human. The SCID-hu mice were treated with a cytokine mixture (recombinant human stem cell factor, interleukin-3, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) for 4 months and were then maintained for further 8 months under cytokine-free conditions. In the peripheral blood, spleen, and implanted bone fragments in the SCID-hu mice that had received both a bone fragment and BM cells, human CD59+ cells were detected 1 year after transplantation; however, they were not detectable in SCID-hu mice that had received either a bone fragment or BM cells only. Thus, implantation of both a bone fragment and BM cells appears to provide a model of long-term adult human hematopoiesis in SCID mice.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROLYTIC RECOVERY OF GALLIUM FROM DILUTE SOLUTIONS EMPLOYING MICROELECTRODES (1985)

Abstract Die Abscheidung von Ga aus verdünnten Lösungen ist bekanntlich wegen konkurrierender H 2 ‐Entwicklung und eingeschränktem Massetransport langsam und ineffektiv.
ES&T’s Best Papers of 2013: Under Pressure (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommentNEXTES&T's Best Papers of 2013: Under PressureJerald L. SchnoorCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 7, 3601–3602Publication Date (Web):April 1, 2014Publication History Published online1 April 2014Published inissue 1 April 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es501134fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es501134feditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2527Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (148 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Climate,Quality management,Recycling,Wastewater Get e-Alerts
Portable eyetracking in natural behavior (2004)

Instrumentation to track observers' gaze has been in use for over a century [e.g., Delabarrer, 1898], resulting in a rich literature on the descriptive statistics of dynamics and behaviors of the oculomotor system. Early methods relied on mechanical connections to the eye and/or sometimes painful methods of restraining natural movements of the head. Later systems incorporated still or motion film and analog systems. The experiments were necessarily limited to the reduced laboratory environments, with stationary observers' eye movements monitored over trial durations typically limited from milliseconds to a few seconds. Low-level metrics such as the distributions of fixation duration, saccade size and direction, etc. were likely influenced by the rigid constraints imposed by early (and some current) instrumentation necessary to track gaze. Investigators have developed custom instrumentation to extend oculomotor experiments into the real world, pioneered by Land and colleagues [1994, 1999, 2000]. Video cameras and electronics have been reduced in bulk and power consumption to the extent that real-time, wearable head and eyetrackers are practical, so it is now possible to monitor the eye and head movement behavior of observers in a wide range of tasks [Land & Hayhoe, 2001, Pelz & colleagues, 2000, 2001a,b, 2004a,b]. Some of the basic findings from laboratory-based experiments extend into natural behavior, but experiments have also revealed sophisticated strategies that were not seen simplified tasks under reduced laboratory conditions.
Energy-efficient Wireless Charging and Computation Offloading In MEC\n Systems (2020)

Wireless charging coupled with computation offloading in edge networks offers\na promising solution for realizing power-hungry and computation intensive\napplications on user devices. We consider a mutil-access edge computing (MEC)\nsystem with collocated MEC servers and base-stations/access points (BS/AP)\nsupporting multiple users requesting data computation and wireless charging. We\npropose an integrated solution with computation offloading to satisfy the\nlargest proportion of requested wireless charging while keeping the energy\nconsumption at the minimum subject to the MEC-AP transmit power and latency\nconstraints. We propose a novel algorithm to perform data partitioning, time\nallocation, transmit power control and design the optimal energy beamforming\nfor wireless charging. Our resource allocation scheme offers an energy\nminimizing solution compared to other schemes while also delivering higher\namount of transferred charge to the users.\n
Low frequency screening effect in urban areas and the engineering measurement technology (1997)

The low frequency screening effect is very good in urban districts because of a lot of underground metallic pipes. There are not only remarkable technology-economic benefits but also society benefits when considering this screening effect, which is named the city environment screening factor in practical engineering constructions. The theory of the low frequency screening effect of a multiconductor system is discussed in the paper. Then the engineering measurement technology and instruments of the screening effect are introduced in detail. Some successful application samples of the technology are presented. In general, the value of the city environment screening factor often can be 0.5 to 0.8, the lowest value may be 0.1, the highest may be 0.8 to 0.9.
OS09.4 Identification of a novel H3.3.K27M mutation-derived neoantigen epitope and cloning of H3.3.K27M-specific T-cell receptor for T-cell therapy in gliomas (2017)

Brain cancers are the leading cause of cancer related mortality and morbidity in children and young adults. Children with diffuse intrinsic brainstem malignant gliomas have one-year progression-free survival rates below 25% and median overall survival of 9 to 10 months with current treatment options and hence represent a significant unmet medical need. Genome-wide sequencing efforts of pediatric gliomas have identified a recurrent and shared missense mutation in the gene encoding the replication-independent variant of histone 3, H3.3. Approximately 70% of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) and 50% of thalamic and other midline gliomas harbor the amino-acid substitution from lysine (K) to methionine (M) at the position 27 of H3.3 gene (H3.3.K27M mutation). Tumor-specific missense mutations are not subjected to self-tolerance and can be suitable targets (i.e. neoantigen) for cancer immunotherapy. We evaluated whether the H3.3.K27M mutation can induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in HLA-A2+ human T cells. In vitro stimulation of HLA-A2+ donor-derived CD8+ T-cells with a synthetic peptide encompassing the H3.3.K27M mutation (H3.3.K27M epitope) induced CTL lines which recognized not only T2 cells loaded with the synthetic H3.3.K27M epitope peptide but also lysed HLA-A2+ DIPG cell lines which endogenously harbor the H3.3.K27M mutation. On the other hand, the CTL lines did not react to either HLA-A2+ H3.3.K27M -negative DIPG cell lines or H3.3K27M-positive but HLA-A2-negative cells. The H3.3.K27M epitope peptide, but not the non-mutant counterpart, indicated an excellent affinity (Kd 151nM) to HLA-A2 based on competitive binding inhibition assay. From CTL clones with high and specific affinities to HLA-A2-H3.3.K27M-tetramer, cDNAs for T cell receptor (TCR) α- and β-chains were cloned into a retroviral vector. Human HLA-A2+ T-cells transduced with the TCR demonstrated antigen-specific reactivity as well as anti-glioma responses in vitro. Peptide titration assay suggested that the H3.3.K27M-specific TCR had the half-maximal reactivity for peptide recognition of around 100nM. Furthermore, critically important for safety of clinical application, alanine scanning demonstrated that the key amino-acid sequence motif in the epitope for the TCR reactivity is not shared by any known human protein. Finally, intravenous administration of T-cells transduced with the H3.3.K27M-specific TCR significantly inhibited the growth of intracranial HLA-A2+ H3.3.K27M-positive glioma xenografts in immune-deficient mice. These data provide us with a strong basis for developing peptide-based vaccines as well as adoptive transfer therapy using autologous T-cells transduced with the H3.3.K27M-specific TCR.
DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A 7.2 KW SOLAR SIMULATOR. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Rate Splitting in MIMO RIS-Assisted Systems With Hardware Impairments and Improper Signaling (2022)

In this paper, we propose an optimization framework for rate splitting (RS) techniques in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted systems, possibly with I/Q imbalance (IQI). This framework can be applied to any optimization problem in which the objective and/or constraints are linear functions of the rates and/or transmit covariance matrices. Such problems include minimum-weighted and weighted-sum rate maximization, total power minimization for a target rate, minimum-weighted energy efficiency (EE) and global EE maximization. The framework may be applied to any interference-limited system with hardware impairments. For the sake of illustration, we consider a multicell MIMO RIS-assisted broadcast channel (BC) in which the base stations (BSs) and/or the users may suffer from IQI. Since IQI generates improper noise, we consider improper Gaussian signaling (IGS) as an interference-management technique that can additionally compensate for IQI. We show that RS when combined with IGS can substantially improve the spectral and energy efficiency of overloaded networks (i.e., when the number of users per cell is larger than the number of transmit/receive antennas).
Αρχιτεκτονικές Ενσωματωμένων Συστημάτων (2015)

EΝΣΩΜΑΤΩΜEΝΑ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ [ΠΑΝEΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΜΑΚEΔΟΝΙΑΣ, ΣΧΟΛΗ ΠΟΛΥΤEΧΝΙΚΗ, ΤΜΗΜΑ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΚΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΛEΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΩΝ]
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell (Car T Cell) Therapy In Hematology (2015)

It is well demonstrated that the immune system can control and eliminate cancer cells. Immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells has been discovered and is the basis of both cancer vaccines and cellular therapies including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adoptive T cell transfer has been improved to be more specific and potent and to cause less off-target toxicity. Currently, there are two forms of engineered T cells being tested in clinical trials: T cell receptor (TCR) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells. On 1 July 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration granted 'breakthrough therapy' designation to anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy. Many studies were conducted to evaluate the benefits of this exciting and potent new treatment modality. This review summarizes the history of adoptive immunotherapy, adoptive immunotherapy using CARs, the CAR manufacturing process, preclinical and clinical studies, and the effectiveness and drawbacks of this strategy.
The relationship between the constitution and the effect of chemical compounds on plant growth. V.—aromatic nitro‐compounds and nitramines (1954)

Abstract The root growth of germinating seeds of rape and wheat is markedly reduced when the seeds are grown in the presence of certain aromatic nitro‐compounds. No correlation is apparent between the toxicity and the chemical reactivity, but within comparable groups of compounds water‐solubility appears to be a limiting factor governing toxicity. Methylation of nitrophenols modifies their toxicity but does not destroy it. Arynitramines of the formula Ar‐NH‐NO 2 are selective inhibitors of the root growth of rape as compared with wheat. The activity is believed to be associated with the acidic nature of the nitramine group and is affected by the nature of the substituents in the benzene ring. The arylnitramines inhibit the geotropic response of roots of rape and ryegrass, and in four out of seven compounds examined the phototropic response of shoots of rape and rye‐grass was also inhibited.
Tributaries and deltas (2005)

Existing energy-efficient approaches to in-network aggregation in sensor networks can be classified into two categories, tree-based and multi-path-based, with each having unique strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we introduce Tributary-Delta, a novel approach that combines the advantages of the tree and multi-path approaches by running them simultaneously in different regions of the network. We present schemes for adjusting the regions in response to changes in network conditions, and show how many useful aggregates can be readily computed within this new framework. We then show how a difficult aggregate for this context---finding frequent items---can be efficiently computed within the framework. To this end, we devise the first algorithm for frequent items (and for quantiles) that provably minimizes the worst case total communication for non-regular trees. In addition, we give a multi-path algorithm for frequent items that is considerably more accurate than previous approaches. These algorithms form the basis for our efficient Tributary-Delta frequent items algorithm. Through extensive simulation with real-world and synthetic data, we show the significant advantages of our techniques. For example, in computing Count under realistic loss rates, our techniques reduce answer error by up to a factor of 3 compared to any previous technique.
Tuberculin Skin Testing in White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) (2001)

The comparative cervical skin test for antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis was done 169 times on 116 different white-tailed deer of known Mycobacterium bovis infection status. The sensitivity and specificity were 97 and 81%, respectively. The magnitude of change in skin thickness at test sites was not significantly influenced by dosage of inoculum, dissemination of the disease process, or repeated skin testing. However, the magnitude of change in skin thickness was significantly greater in deer infected for less than 109 days than in deer infected for more than 109 days. As used in the present study, the comparative cervical skin test is a sensitive method of antemortem diagnosis of M. bovis infection in white-tailed deer.
L5 System: Transmission Networks and Magnetic Components (1974)

The development of transmission networks and magnetic components for the L5 system represents the largest network development project of its type ever undertaken within the Bell System. Over 200 different coded designs of networks, requiring in excess of 40 man-years of effort, were required to meet the frequency-selective and signal-shaping requirements of the system. Despite this effort, neither systems requirements nor systems schedules could have been met without significant contributions from allied technologies. This article identifies those technologies and describes design techniques that have advanced the state-of-the-art capabilities in transmission network and magnetic component design.
A MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks using directional antennas (2002)

We propose a medium access control (MAC) protocol for an ad hoc network of mobile wireless terminals that are equipped with multiple directional antennas. Use of directional antennas in ad hoc networks can largely reduce the radio interference, thereby improving the packet throughput. However, the main problem of using directional antennas in such networks is due to the dynamic nature of the network caused by frequent node movements. This gives rise to problems such as locating and tracking during random channel access. The MAC protocol presented in this paper proposes a solution to these problems without the help of additional hardware. Results obtained from detailed computer simulations demonstrate the performance improvement obtained with the proposed scheme.