gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The heterotrimeric motor protein kinesin‐II localizes to the midpiece and flagellum of sea urchin and sand dollar sperm (1997)

We have utilized immunoblotting and light microscopic immunofluorescent staining methods to examine the expression and localization of sea urchin kinesin-II, a heterotrimeric plus end-directed microtubule motor protein (previously referred to as KRP(85/95)), in sea urchin and sand dollar sperm. We demonstrate the presence of the 85 K and 115 K subunits of kinesin-II in sperm and localize these proteins to the sperm flagella and midpiece. The kinesin-II localization pattern is punctate and discontinuous, and in the flagella it is quite distinct from the continuous labeling present in sperm labeled with anti-flagellar dynein. The kinesin-II staining is largely insensitive to prefixation detergent extraction, suggesting that it is not associated with membranous elements in the sperm. In the midpiece the kinesin-II staining is similar to the pattern present in sperm labeled with an anti-centrosomal antibody. To our knowledge, this is the first localization of kinesin-like proteins in mature sperm and corroborates the recent identification and localization of kinesin-like proteins in the flagella and basal body of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas. We hypothesize that kinesin-II in the sperm may play functional roles in intraflagellar transport and/or the formation of flagella during spermatogenesis. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 38:29–37, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Raman Scattering from Localized Magnons (1969)

Additional observations on Raman scattering from localized spin waves are reported. Spectra showing the one-magnon ${S}_{0}$-like mode in Mn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$:Fe and one $d$-like mode in RbMn${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$:Ni are presented.
In situα-Fe2O3modified La2Ti2O7with enhanced photocatalytic CO2reduction activity (2021)

In situ α-Fe 2 O 3 modified La 2 Ti 2 O 7 for enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction.
Cicada Wings: A Stamp from Nature for Nanoimprint Lithography (2006)

Winging it: The natural micro- and nanostructures that exist on the wings of cicadas (see image) are used as a new type of nanoimprinting lithography (NIL) stamp. NIL is used to fabricate nanowell arrays and the structures are transferred to a silicon substrate by reactive ion etching. Patterned PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) is also used as a mold to fabricate hexagonal gold pillar arrays that mimick structures on cicada wings. This work demonstrates the use of natural nanostructures as a much cheaper NIL method as cicada wings are abundant and easy to obtain. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2296/2006/z600255_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Supramolecular Glycolipid Based on Host-Enhanced Charge Transfer Interaction (2013)

Supramolecular glycolipid has been fabricated based on ternary complex system, which is composed of naphthyl glucosamine (GlcNap), alkyl viologen (RV8), and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). CB[8] plays a key role to connect the other two building blocks together, and the process is driven by host-enhanced charge transfer interaction. Compared with the classic glycolipids, supramolecular glycolipids display redox responsiveness. Supramolecular glycolipids are able to self-assemble in water to form spherical aggregations, such as vesicle like structure. In addition, spherical aggregations can specifically interact with Concanavalin A, indicating that the carbohydrate groups are available on the surfaces of the aggregates.
Review article: the emerging interplay among the gastrointestinal tract, bile acids and incretins in the pathogenesis of diabetes and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (2012)

Research in recent years has led to new pathways and processes with a role in glucose homoeostasis, and new therapeutic targets and options for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Dermis Fat Graft Implantation After Unilateral Enucleation for Retinoblastoma in Pediatric Patients (2014)

In pediatric patients below 4 years of age with unilateral retinoblastoma treated with enucleation and primary dermis fat graft implantation, there was no statistically significant difference in bony orbital volume between the surgical and nonsurgical orbits during the follow-up period.
Investigation of Cervical Intervertebral Discs before and after Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2017)

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the changes in MRI signal intensities of cervical intervertebral discs following corrective surgery in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) who were postoperatively followed up for longer than 10 years. Introduction: Sagittal alignment of the cervical spine secondarily may change after corrective surgery in patients with AIS. No previous studies have evaluated MRI images to investigate postoperative changes in cervical intervertebral discs considering cervical alignment that may be influenced by surgical intervention for AIS.
Methods: Eighty-nine patients with AIS who underwent MRI scans preoperatively and 10 years postoperatively following surgery. Control group of volunteers with no neck pain underwent MRI on the cervical spine. Both groups were evaluated the signal intensity and morphology of intervertebral discs (nucleus pulposus) on sagittal T2- weighted MRI images of the C2/3 to C7/T1 discs. Nucleus pulposus signal intensity was assessed using that of the spinal cord as reference and classified as normal (N), dehydration (DH), degeneration (DG), and intermediate (IM).
Results: The AIS group included 89 cases and the control group included 35 cases. Comparison of pre- and postoperative signal intensity in the AIS group indicated that signal intensity significantly decreased postoperatively for all intervertebral discs (P<0.01) except for the C7/T1 disc. On the other hand, decreased signal intensity accounted for over half of the discs in the control group, except for the C7/T1 disc; however, no statistically significant differences were observed between the postoperative and the control groups.
Conclusion: Postoperative cervical disc intensity had significantly reduced in comparison with preoperative values. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the control and postoperative group with regard to reduced signal intensity. Pre-to postoperative sagittal cervical alignment changes may have affected the changes in signal intensity.
Combining Mechanical Fortification and Ultralow Flammability in Epoxy Networks (2020)

Abstract Multifunctional organophosphorus additives present opportunities to engineer epoxy networks with both enhanced mechanical properties and ultralow flammability. This paper describes a systematic investigation of the effect of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) on the mechanical and heat release properties of both conventional and inherently low flammability epoxy resins. The findings demonstrate that integration of DMMP into epoxy networks produces materials with outstanding flame retardance and increased stiffness. Thermogravimetric analysis of DMMP‐containing networks show that DMMP promotes considerable char formation, with char residue reaching very high levels, up to 55%, for DMMP‐containing deoxybenzoin networks. Microscale combustion calorimetry of all the DMMP‐containing networks exhibit 50% lower heat release capacity and total heat release rate values relative to formulations without DMMP. Moreover, vertical burn tests demonstrate that DMMP‐containing formulations burn slowly and self‐extinguish. Morphological analysis of the charred DMMP‐containing formulations shows a porous structure and mechanical characterization reveals 50% higher elastic modulus, and comparable yield stress, for networks containing DMMP relative to those without DMMP. Overall, this organophosphorus additive represents an opportunity to combine materials chemistry with mechanical enhancement mechanisms to achieve low heat release properties without the need for halogenated flame‐retardant additives.
Resonant multiphoton electron emission from a quantum well (1992)

Direct observation of resonant multiphoton electron emission from a quantum well is reported. Photocurrent measurements as a function of photon energy and polarization in an AlInAs/GaInAs quantum well heterostructure demonstrate that electrons are photoexcited out of the wells via a three-photon transition into a resonant state mainly localized in the barriers. This effect is strongly enhanced by the presence of intermediate energy levels.
Strategic Methods for Modernizing Traffic Signal Maintenance Management and Quantifying the Impact of Maintenance Activities (2017)

In a period of increasingly constrained budgets, traffic engineers must develop more cost-effective maintenance strategies for traffic signal systems. Existing literature suggests that many agencies lack methods to systematically identify signal maintenance opportunities, and even fewer measure the impact of maintenance activities. This paper presents a method of using high-resolution signal controller data to identify intersections with failed inductive loop detection, which can result in substantial misallocation of green times and unnecessary vehicle delay. An application of this methodology is explored on a major urban arterial, with the resulting repairs translating to approximately $900,000 in annual user benefits. The results presented in this paper are easily implementable, given the increasing adoption of high-resolution signal controller data. Such methods can also be used to more clearly communicate maintenance success stories with the general public and elected officials.
Behavior of Concrete Columns Confined by Fiber Composites (1997)

External confinement of concrete by means of high-strength fiber composites can significantly enhance its strength and ductility as well as result in large energy absorption capacity. The confinement mechanism may include fiber-wrapping of existing columns as a retrofitting measure or encasement of concrete in a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) tube for new construction. Proper design of such hybrid columns, however, requires an accurate estimate of the performance enhancement. Current design methods use simple extension of the models developed for conventional reinforced concrete columns. Results from a series of uniaxial compression tests on concrete-filled FRP tubes are compared with the available confinement models in the literature. The present study indicates that these models generally result in overestimating the strength and unsafe design. The study also shows a unique characteristic of confinement with fiber composites in that, unlike steel, FRP curtails the dilation tendency of concrete, as it reverses the direction of volumetric strains. This paper provides a framework for better understanding of the behavior of fiber-wrapped or FRP-encased concrete columns.
29 COMPARISON OF TERM PLACENTAS IN CLONED AND CONTROL PREGNANCIES IN CATTLE (2004)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is associated with high incidence of fetal loss, late-term pregnancy complications, perinatal mortality, and abnormal placental development. Several groups have described abnormalities of early and mid-gestation cloned placentas (Hill et al. 2000 Biol. Reprod. 63, 1787–1794; Lee et al. 2004 Biol. Reprod. 70, 1–11). The objective of our study was to characterize differences in the placentas of clones and control calves at term delivery. Clones were produced from ovarian cell lines from two donors (Holstein, n = 5; Hereford, n = 2). Breed-matched controls included AI (Holstein, n = 3) and embryo transfer (Holstein, n = 3; Hereford n = 3) calves. All calves were delivered alive with no visible birth defects between Days 273 and 280 of gestation, and placentas were recovered for measurement and morphological analysis. When possible, pregnancies were delivered via caesarian section, and the entire uterus was recovered for classification of anatomical shape of placentomes. Each placentome was measured, weighed, and classified by type as (A) engulfing mushroom-like; (B) sub-engulfing mushroom-like; (C) flattened, non-engulfing; and (D) convex (adapted from Penninga and Longo 1998 Placenta 19, 187–193, for sheep). Mean number of placentomes per placenta was significantly greater in controls than clones, while total mass of placentomes in the pregnant horn was significantly greater in clones than in controls (Table 1). Total surface area of placentomes in the pregnant horn tended to be larger and more variable in clones (range: 2710–7450 cm2) than in controls (range: 3120–5030 cm2; P &amp;lt; 0.10). A two-fold increase was observed in cloned placentas, as compared with control placentas, in mean surface area per placentome and mass per placentome. Anatomically, cloned placentas differed from controls in the percentage of placentomes classified Type A (controls &amp;gt; clones) and Type C (clones &amp;gt; controls). Other abnormalities noted in cloned placentas included moderate to severe edema, teratomas, enlarged vessels, and large areas devoid of placentation. All clones and 2/9 controls displayed enlarged umbilical vessels. Significant placental abnormalities were observed in all cloned pregnancies. Table 1. Placental characteristics of term cloned and control pregnancies
IEEE CEDA DATC (2022)

This paper describes new elements in the RDF-2022 release of the DATC Robust Design Flow, along with other activities of the IEEE CEDA DATC. The RosettaStone initiated with RDF-2021 has been augmented to include 35 benchmarks and four open-source technologies (ASAP7, NanGate45 and SkyWater130HS/HD), plus timing-sensible versions created using path-cutting. The Hier-RTLMP macro placer is now part of DATC RDF, enabling macro placement for large modern designs with hundreds of macros. To establish a clear baseline for macro placers, new open-source benchmark suites on open PDKs, with corresponding flows for fully reproducible results, are provided. METRICS2.1 infrastructure in OpenROAD and OpenROAD-flow-scripts now uses native JSON metrics reporting, which is more robust and general than the previous Python script-based method. Calibrations on open enablements have also seen notable updates in the RDF. Finally, we also describe an approach to establishing a generic, cloud-native large-scale design of experiments for ML-enabled EDA. Our paper closes with future research directions related to DATC's efforts.
The Influence of the Atomic Oxygen Plasma on the Surface and on the Photoelectric Properties of Solar Arrays (2006)

The results of measurements of the parameters of photoelectric converters as well as the estimates of the effect of low temperature oxygen plasma erosion on commuting busses materials are presented. Exposure of photoelectric converter systems containing metal commuting busses to oxygen plasma is affecting severely their operating characteristics that include the photoelectrodriving power (Unl) and the short-circuit current (Isc). As a result, the spectral sensitivity of the photo converters is reduced. The subsurface doped regions and the changes in the substrate layers that are caused by appearance of additional recombination centers may be held responsible for these effects. The interaction of the oxygen plasma with the metal parts of solar cells, like the contacts of the commuting busses, results in erosion and sputtering of the silver protective layer. The sputtered away silver can be deposited on the cold surfaces of the photoelectric converters (PEC) that, in turn, may also reduce the operating characteristics. Similar experiments with solar arrays (SA) and with the commuting busses that are protected by glass show an increase of the short-circuit current and the efficiency after exposure to oxygen plasma. This is possible because of a decrease in power losses on contacts and elimination of bridging.
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Design Heat Transfer Enhancement Methods for Cooling Channels (1995)

Abstract This paper presents the results of a study to enhance heat transfer in a short narrow cooling channel (7.9 mm high by 30.9 mm wide by 109 mm long). The study was performed using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. Flotherm, by Flomerics, Inc. The work emphasizes the usefulness of CFD in the design process. The heat transfer enhancement was accomplished by placing thin rib-like protrusions in the channel. Simulations were run for two protrusion spacings, with a range of protrusion heights from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a range of channel Reynolds number from 500 to 40,000. The results of a grid dependence study are presented and baseline comparisons are made to validate the computational model. The results show increases in channel Nusselt number of 10–160% while the friction factor increases by 10–5200%. The different configurations are compared using a non-dimensional measure of the pumping power and this shows that devices are most effective at low Reynolds numbers. The enhancement in heat transfer, the increase in friction loss and the worth in terms of pumping power would all have to be weighed with respect to the needs of a particular application before any choice is made to apply the techniques studied in this report.
Double inlet right ventricle versus other types of double or common inlet ventricle: its clinical characteristics with reference to the Fontan procedure (2001)

Although multiple palliative procedures might be frequently needed to maintain pulmonary perfusion, the Fontan circulation can be justifiably established in patients with DIRV, and regurgitation across the AV valves was not very common.
Continued proteomic analysis of Mycobacterium leprae subcellular fractions (2004)

Recently the sequence of the Mycobacterium leprae chromosome, the only known obligate intracellular mycobacterium, was completed. It has a dramatic reduction in functional genes, with a coding capacity of only 49.5%, the lowest one so far observed among bacterial genomes. The leprosy bacillus seems to preserve a minimal set of genes that allows its survival in the host. The identification of genes that are actually expressed by the bacterium is of high significance in the context of mycobacterial pathogenesis. In this current study, a proteomic approach was undertaken to identify the proteins present in the soluble/cytosol and membrane subcellular fractions obtained from armadillo derived M. leprae. Proteins from each fraction were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and identified by mass spectrometry. A total of 147 protein spots were identified from 2-DE patterns and shown to comprise products of 44 different genes, twenty eight of them corresponding to new proteins. Additionally, two highly basic proteins (with pI >10.0) were isolated by heparin affinity chromatography and identified by N-terminal sequencing. This study constitutes the first application of proteomics to a host-derived Mycobacterium.
Schwann‐like adult stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue express γ‐aminobutyric acid type B receptors (2011)

γ-Aminobutyric acid type B receptors (GABA-B) are expressed in glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems, and recent evidence has shown their importance in modulating physiological parameters of Schwann cell (SC). SC play essential roles in peripheral nerve regeneration, but several drawbacks prevent their use for nerve repair. Adult stem cells from adipose tissue (ASC) or bone marrow (BM-MSC) can be differentiated into an SC-like phenotype and used as SC replacements. The aim of this study was to investigate GABA-B receptor functional expression in differentiated stem cells by assessing the similarity to SC. By means of RT-PCR and Western blot methodologies, BM-MSC and ASC were found to express both GABA-B1 and GABA-B2 receptor subunits. The expression levels of GABA-B1b and GABA-B2 receptors were influenced by SC-like differentiation, as shown by Western blot studies. GABA-B receptor stimulation with baclofen reduced the proliferation rate of SC and differentiated ASC (dASC) but not that of dBM-MSC. In conclusion, both of the subunits that assemble into a functional GABA-B receptor are present in differentiated stem cells. Furthermore, GABA-B receptors in dASC are functionally active, regulating a key process such as proliferation. The presence of functional GABA-B receptors on differentiated stem cells opens new opportunities for a possible pharmacological modulation of their physiology and phenotype.
Experimental Study of the Purification of an Industrial Fertilizer (Mono-Ammonium Phosphate) toLarger Scale Using an Experimental Design (2012)

NH<SUB>4</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) has become a leading phosphate fertilizer product worldwide. Ammonium phosphates are produced by reactions of ammonia and phosphoric acid resulting in the formation of the mono-basic salt. A batch crystallizer in a pilot setup was utilized to produce pure MAP crystals using a fractional experimental design 2<SUP>5-2</SUP>. The supersaturation level not only influences the growth rate but the crystal shape as well.
The Raz Bladder Neck Suspension: Results in 206 Patients (1992)

We reviewed the charts of 206 patients who underwent the Raz bladder neck suspension between January 1984 and June 1990 for stress urinary incontinence. Mean followup was 15 months. Overall, our results demonstrated a successful outcome (cure or rare stress urinary incontinence not requiring protection) in 186 of 206 patients (90.3%). Cox multivariant analysis showed that the only predictor of outcome was the degree of preoperative stress urinary incontinence (mild, moderate or severe, p less than 0.001). When the results were stratified by degree of incontinence preoperatively 20 of 21 patients (95%) with mild, 151 of 162 (93%) with moderate and 15 of 23 (65%) with severe incontinence had a successful outcome. No statistical correlation was found with patient age, number of prior operations, hysterectomy, urgency incontinence or menopause. For the patients who failed, the mean interval to recurrent stress urinary incontinence was 5 months. Significant urgency incontinence was present preoperatively in 58 of the 204 patients (29%), with postoperative resolution in 66%. De novo urgency incontinence occurred in 7.5%. Complications included secondary prolapse (6% of the patients), prolonged retention (2.5%) and suprapubic pain (3%). In summary, the Raz bladder neck suspension for correction of stress urinary incontinence has been successful in more than 90% of this patient population.
Novel energy management system for hybrid electric vehicles utilizing car navigation over a commuting route (2004)

We propose a novel energy management system for hybrid electric vehicles. The proposed system predicts a future driving pattern based on past driving data and determines the appropriate distribution of energy. In order to realize this strategy, previous driving data must be stored effectively because the large amount of driving data makes on-line realization of this strategy difficult. In this paper, we focus our attention on a commuting route and propose a method that gathers a simple driving database and constructs a state transition diagram. Finally, the driving database is configured by using actual driving patterns.
Suppl. Figure 1 from Identification of CRKII, CFL1, CNTN1, NME2, and TKT as Novel and Frequent T-Cell Targets in Human IDH-Mutant Glioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Graphical representation of IFN-ð�›¾ ELISpots using peripheral blood mononuclear T cells, co-cultivated with dendritic cells, pulsed with autologous tumor lysate fractions of (A) the first (1st) PF2D dimension and corresponding (B) second (2nd) PF2D dimension of patients NCH1390, NCH612, and NCH519a. Solid line represents mean background of negative control (PBL). F: fraction, PBL: peripheral blood lymphocytes (*, p &lt; 0.05; **, p &lt; 0.01; ***, p &lt; 0.001)&lt;/p&gt;