gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of α‐sooth‐muscle actin in stromal cells of the uterine cervix during epithlial neoplastic changes (1991)

A total of 55 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of normal, inflamed and neoplastic uterine cervix have been studied in order to correlate the epithelial changes with the expression of alpha-smooth-muscle actin in stromal cells. This actin isoform is typical of smooth-muscle cells, but appears also temporarily in fibroblasts during wound healing and permanently during fibrocontractive diseases and stromal reaction to epithelial tumors. While positive stromal cells were absent in normal and inflamed cervix, they accumulated in relation to neoplastic tissues. The number of alpha-smooth-muscle actin positive cells and the intensity of stain were related to the increasing grading of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia. Our results suggest that alpha-smooth-muscle actin is a marker of stromal-cell reaction to the development of neoplastic lesions. The evaluation of alpha-smooth-muscle actin in stromal cells of the uterine cervix may be a useful adjunct to diagnostic criteria of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and may help understanding of the mechanisms of mesenchymal-epithelial interactions during neoplasia.
P3‐470: Perlecan domain V inhibits alpha 2 integrin mediated Abeta neurotoxicity (2010)

Abeta peptide in amyloid plaques is a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. Another feature is pronounced cell loss in the brain leading to an enlargement of the ventricular area and a decrease in brain weight and volume. Abeta plaque deposition and neuronal toxicity can be modeled in vitro by treating human cortical neuronal cultures with Abeta and demonstrating robust Abeta deposition and neurotoxicity. We have recently demonstrated that this Abeta neurotoxicity is mediated by neuronal alpha 2 beta 1 and alpha v beta 1 integrins. We now hypothesize that other ligands for these receptors, such as the extracellular matrix component perlecan domain V (DV) which binds to alpha 2 beta 1, could interfere with Abeta neurotoxicity and thereby represent a novel therapeutic approach to Alzheimer's. Furthermore, such a naturally derived therapy should be well tolerated. In this study, cultured human cortical neurons, or mouse cortical neurons isolated from an alpha 2 beta 1 null mouse, were treated with micromolar concentrations of Abeta and varying nanomolar concentrations of human recombinant DV for 2-3 days, and neuronal toxicity was determined by the Alamar blue assay. We determined that DV was able to inhibit Abeta neurotoxicity in an alpha 2 integrin dependent manner. Additionally, to further demonstrate the importance of alpha 2 beta 1 integrin to Abeta cell interaction, we were able to demonstrate that Abeta binds more efficiently to cells expressing alpha 2 integrin mutated to an activated state. Finally, the inhibition of Abeta neurotoxicity with domain V was synergistic with inhibitors of alpha v integrin and beta 1 integrin. Therefore, we propose that DV and potentially other alpha 2 integrin ligands could be a new therapeutic approach for inhibiting the Abeta plaque deposition and neurotoxicity observed in Alzheimer's disease.
TAB3, a new binding partner of the protein kinase TAK1 (2004)

We have identified a new binding partner of the TGFbeta (transforming growth factor-beta)-activated protein kinase (TAK1), termed TAB3 (TAK1-binding protein-3), which shares 48% amino acid sequence identity with TAB2. Our results indicate that two distinct TAK1 complexes are present in cells. One comprises TAK1 complexed with TAB1 and TAB2, and the other TAK1 complexed with TAB1 and TAB3. Both complexes are activated in response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1 in human epithelial KB cells or bacterial lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophages, and are subject to feedback control by stress-activated protein kinase 2a (SAPK2a; also called p38alpha). The electrophoretic mobility of TAB2 and TAB3 decreases in response to these agonists or osmotic shock, and is reversed by treatment with protein phosphatase-1. The decrease in mobility of TAB3 is prevented if the cells are incubated with SB 203580 before stimulation, but treatment with SB 203580 produces forms of TAB2 with a mobility intermediate between that observed for TAB2 in unstimulated and stimulated cells. Similar results were obtained in embryonic fibroblasts from mice deficient in SAPK2a/p38alpha. Our results indicate that TAB3 is phosphorylated via the SAPK2a/p38alpha pathway, whereas TAB2 is phosphorylated at two or more sites by both an SAPK2a/p38alpha-dependent and an SB 203580-independent kinase. The SAPK2a/p38alpha-mediated phosphorylation of TAB2 and TAB3 may contribute to the SAPK2a/p38alpha-mediated feedback control of TAK1 activity that also involves the phosphorylation of TAB1. We also show that the agonist-induced activation of TAK1 complexes requires the phosphorylation of the TAK1 catalytic subunit at a serine/threonine residue(s).
The homogeneity and heterogeneity of occurrence, characteristics, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with synchronous and metachronous bone metastasis (2021)

<b>Purpose:</b> Based on the one of the largest hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) population with bone metastasis (BM) from the single center in Tianjin, China, the present study aimed to investigate the risk and survival of synchronous bone metastasis (sBM) and metachronous bone metastasis (mBM) in HCC, and to reveal characteristics and related factors of HCC patients with bone metastasis. <b>Methods:</b> HCC patients with bone metastasis between 2009 and 2017 from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China, were involved. Chi-square test/ Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression were used to estimate the risk factors of bone metastasis in HCC. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival of HCC patients, and the Log-rank test was used to analyze the survival of HCC patients. The prognostic factors of HCC patients with BM were identified via Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable COX regression model. <b>Results:</b> Among 4421 HCC patients, 128 patients with BM were identified. Of the 128 patients with BM, 77 patients (60.16%) were with sBM and 51 patients (39.84%) were with mBM. The incidence of sBM in HCC was 1.74% at initial diagnosis. The most common metastatic site of sBM was rib, followed by lumbar, thoracic, and sacral. The median latency time from HCC diagnosis to mBM was six months. The most common site of mBM was thoracic, followed by lumbar, sacral and rib. Alcohol-drinking history (<i>P</i>=0.027), numbers (<i>P</i>=0.023) and size (<i>P</i>=0.008) of intrahepatic tumor, lymph node metastasis (<i>P</i><0.001), serum ALP (<i>P</i>=0.004) and HGB (<i>P</i>=0.004) level were found to be correlated with the occurrence of BM. The overall survival between non-BM and BM were statistically different (<i>P</i>=0.028). <b>Conclusion:</b> The incidence of sBM in HCC was 1.74% at initial diagnosis. The median latency time from HCC diagnosis to mBM was 6 months. The characteristics between occurrence and prognosis showed significant difference between sBM and mBM. Early identification of high-risk BM population was essential for the improvement of both quality of life and prognosis. The revealed related factors can potentially guide sBM and mBM identification and early diagnosis in HCC.
Switchable Spin-Crossover Hofmann-Type 3D Coordination Polymers Based on Tri- and Tetratopic Ligands (2018)

Fe<sup>II</sup> spin-crossover (SCO) coordination polymers of the Hofmann type have become an archetypal class of responsive materials. Almost invariably, the construction of their architectures has been based on the use of monotopic and linear ditopic pyridine-like ligands. In the search for new Hofmann-type architectures with SCO properties, here we analyze the possibilities of bridging ligands with higher connectivity degree. More precisely, the synthesis and structure of {Fe<sup>II</sup>(L<sup>N3</sup>)[M<sup>I</sup>(CN)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>}·(Guest) (Guest = nitrobenzene, benzonitrile, o-dichlorobenzene; M<sup>I</sup> = Ag, Au) and {Fe<sup>II</sup>(L<sup>N4</sup>)[Ag<sub>2</sub>(CN)<sub>3</sub>][Ag(CN)<sub>2</sub>]}·H<sub>2</sub>O are described, where L<sup>N3</sup> and L<sup>N4</sup> are the tritopic and tetratopic ligands 1,3,5-tris(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)benzene and 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)benzene. This new series of Hofmann clathrates displays thermo- and photoinduced SCO behaviors.
Cloning and characterization of the promoter of human Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (2004)

Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1) is a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling and functions by directly binding to Wnt ligands in the extracellular space. Here we report the identification of the 5' promoter region (approximately 1.5 kb) of the human WIF-1 gene. Functional analysis of this region shows that a whole fragment displays high basal promoter activity in different cell lines, while the truncated forms do not, indicating that integrity of the WIF-1 promoter region may be important for WIF-1 activity. Moreover, we found that the expression level of beta-catenin in cancer cell lines correlates with the WIF-1 promoter activity, suggesting that the WIF-1 promoter may be regulated by the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and may function in a negative feedback manner. Our results also suggest that a methylated CpG island, which we observed recently in human lung cancer, lies within the functional WIF-1 promoter region and therefore bears the importance of the methylation-status of this CpG island as an important key in Wnt activation in human cancer.
An L-band CMOS frequency doubler using a time-delay technique (2006)

In this paper, a frequency doubler circuit is presented that converts a 0.6 GHz signal to a 1.2 GHz output using standard CMOS 0.18 mum technology. The proposed circuit uses a time-delay element and an XOR logic gate to perform the frequency multiplication and is implemented entirely on-chip. Advantages of this topology include good fundamental suppression, compact layout, and low power consumption. Experimental results show a relatively constant output power of approximately 4 dBm with an input power from -3 dBm to 10 dBm, fundamental and third order harmonic suppressions of up to -30 dBc and a power consumption of 9 mW. The phase noise of the output signal is -117 dBc at a 500 kHz offset
Oscillations in chemical systems. I. Detailed mechanism in a system showing temporal oscillations (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOscillations in chemical systems. I. Detailed mechanism in a system showing temporal oscillationsRichard M. Noyes, Richard Field, and Endre KorosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 4, 1394–1395Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00759a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00759a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1221Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Clinical Trial Design in Patients with Severe COPD (2008)

Pulmonary rehabilitation confers significant benefit to patients with COPD. The beneficial effects are seen in dyspnea and health-related quality of life. These measures are often considered in clinical trials as study endpoints. Pulmonary rehabilitation may affect the study population and study enrollment in clinical trials of other therapies in COPD, so it is important to anticipate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation when designing and performing clinical trials. We review pulmonary rehabilitation and clinical trial design in patients with severe COPD. No publications were found that specifically address the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on study design. No consensus statements, guidelines, or pharmaceutical studies in COPD were found that addressed pulmonary rehabilitation and study design. Pre-operative pulmonary rehabilitation is almost universal with lung transplantation and lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS). The National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT) included a mandatory pre-operative pulmonary rehabilitation program. The NETT reported that the mandatory pre-operative program reduced their study population by 32%. The NETT pre-operative program is required for Medicare reimbursement for LVRS, restricting the surgery to the subgroup of patients completing the program. Pulmonary rehabilitation can affect selection of the study population, study enrollment, outcome measures, and influence whether the results can be generalized to other patients. Clinical trials with medications, devices, or surgery for severe COPD should consider study designs that anticipate the significant effects of pulmonary rehabilitation.
The Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia Gene (EDA) Undergoes Alternative Splicing and Encodes Ectodysplasin-A with Deletion Mutations in Collagenous Repeats (1998)

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (EDA) is an X-linked recessive disorder which affects ectodermal structures. A cDNA encoding a 135 amino acid protein with mutations in 5-10% of EDA patients has been reported. We have built up a complete splicing map of the EDA gene and characterized the longest and what most probably represents the full-length EDA transcript, EDA-A. It encodes a 391 amino acid transmembrane protein with a short collagenous domain, (Gly-X-Y)19, and is highly homologous to the protein mutated in Tabby mice (Ta-A). Four new transcripts that code for truncated proteins lacking the collagenous domain were also detected. The splice variants show different expression patterns in eight tissues analyzed, suggesting a regulatory mechanism for gene expression. The EDA-A form of the protein is transported to the cell membrane and induces rounding of the cells, properties also associated with the 135 amino acid isoform. We have determined the genomic organization and the exon-intron boundaries of the EDA gene. SSCP analysis of the nine exons corresponding to EDA-A allowed the identification of mutations in 12 out of 15 EDA patients. Interestingly, three mutations removed either two or four of the Gly-X-Y repeats without interrupting the reading frame, thus suggesting a functional role for the collagenous domain. Our results will allow mutation diagnostics in the majority of patients.
CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES VIA A SOL–GEL METHOD (2004)

The properties influencing the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 particles have been suggested to include the surface area, crystallinity, crystallite size and crystal structure. Therefore, manipulation of the microstructure of titania, especially of nanocrystalline powders, is very important in the preparative process. In this study, nanocrystalline TiO 2 powders with controlled particle size and phase composition were synthesized at low temperature (&lt;80°C) by a modified sol–gel method. The effects of gelation temperature were systematically investigated. It was found that this parameter played a critical role in determining the crystallinity of single phase anatase. With increasing gelation temperature, the crystallinity of anatase improved initially and then decreased if the temperature was raised to 80°C. These nanomaterials were characterized comprehensively by powder X-ray diffraction (including Rietveld analysis), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, DSC/TGA thermal analysis and UV–Vis spectrometry.
Smooth pursuit eye movement abnormality in severe major depression: effects of ECT and clinical recovery (1994)

Smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) dysfunction is a putative genetic marker for schizophrenia, but it has also been described in major depression. The authors longitudinally evaluated effects of clinical state on SPEM quality in patients with depression. Prior to ECT, SPEM abnormality characterized 42% of 24 severely depressed patients, 60% of 30 schizophrenia patients, and 5% of 20 control subjects. SPEM was significantly correlated to Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores (r = 0.49, P = 0.02) in the depressed patients. Although SPEM was transiently disrupted by an acute ECT treatment, it improved during the treatment course. This improvement of SPEM quality with clinical recovery suggests that SPEM abnormality may be a state marker in severe major depression, in contrast to its invariable trait nature in schizophrenia.
On the Performance of Sphere Decoding of Block Codes (2006)

The performance of sphere decoding of block codes over a variety of channels is investigated. We derive a tight bound on the performance of maximum likelihood decoding of linear codes on q-ary symmetric channels. We use this result to bound the performance of q-ary hard decision sphere decoders. We also derive a tight bound on the performance of soft decision sphere decoders on the AWGN channel for BPSK and M-PSK modulated block codes. The performance of soft decision sphere decoding of arbitrary finite lattices or block codes is also analyzed
Conserved Intramolecular Disulfide Bond Is Critical to Trafficking and Fate of ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters ABCB6 and Sulfonylurea Receptor 1 (SUR1)/ABCC8 (2011)

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB6 is a mitochondrial porphyrin transporter that activates porphyrin biosynthesis. ABCB6 lacks a canonical mitochondrial targeting sequence but reportedly traffics to other cellular compartments such as the plasma membrane. How ABCB6 reaches these destinations is unknown. In this study, we show that endogenous ABCB6 is glycosylated in multiple cell types, indicating trafficking through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and has only one atypical site for glycosylation (NXC) in its amino terminus. ABCB6 remained glycosylated when the highly conserved cysteine (Cys-8) was substituted with serine to make a consensus site, NXS. However, this substitution blocked ER exit and produced ABCB6 degradation, which was mostly reversed by the proteasomal inhibitor MG132. The amino terminus of ABCB6 has an additional highly conserved ER luminal cysteine (Cys-26). When Cys-26 was mutated alone or in combination with Cys-8, it also resulted in instability and ER retention. Further analysis revealed that these two cysteines form a disulfide bond. We discovered that other ABC transporters with an amino terminus in the ER had similarly configured conserved cysteines. This analysis led to the discovery of a disease-causing mutation in the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1)/ABCC8 from a patient with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. The mutant allele only contains a mutation in a conserved amino-terminal cysteine, producing SUR1 that fails to reach the cell surface. These results suggest that for ABC transporters the propensity to form a disulfide bond in the ER defines a unique checkpoint that determines whether a protein is ER-retained.
Fuzzy Sarsa: An approach to linear function approximation in reinforcement learning (2005)

This paper investigates two different approaches to learning using an agent electronic marketplace as test bed. The types of learning considered in this paper include the temporal difference (TD) learning algorithm Sarsa, and two new fuzzified versions of this algorithm, FQ Sarsa and Fuzzy Sarsa. We implement the three learning algorithms in an agent test bed in order to determine their usefulness in the context of an electronic marketplace. We present the results of various tests demonstrating that the Fuzzy Sarsa algorithm, while having the smallest state space, is also the more effective method of learning.
S-transform based approach for texture analysis of medical images (2014)

Image texture is often characterized using gray level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). The GLCM statistics reflect only the highest power and spatial frequencies. To address this, researchers have employed discrete wavelet transform (DWT) along with GLCM. However, this method involves a computationally complex convolution operation in the spatial domain, and also inherits the sampling limitations of the DWT. Extending texture analysis to the space-frequency (SF) domain will uncover patterns not visible through the GLCM-based approaches while still capitalizing on the effectiveness of the traditional co-occurrence matrix. The discrete S-transform (DST) provides the SF representation at a pixel by localizing with a Gaussian modulated sinusoidal window. The DST based texture analysis is proposed to improve upon the GLCM while providing advantages over wavelets. This paper presents the promising preliminary results achieved using the proposed method.
WiFi-Opp (2011)

Opportunistic networking offers many appealing application perspectives from local social-networking applications to supporting communications in remote areas or in disaster and emergency situations. Yet, despite the increasing penetration of smartphones, opportunistic networking is not feasible with most popular mobile devices. There is still no support for WiFi Ad-Hoc and protocols such as Bluetooth have severe limitations (short range, pairing). We believe that WiFi Ad-Hoc communication will not be supported by most popular mobile OSes (i.e., iOS and Android) and that WiFi Direct will not bring the desired features. Instead, we propose WiFi-Opp, a realistic opportunistic setup relying on (i) open stationary APs and (ii) spontaneous mobile APs (i.e., smartphones in AP or tethering mode), a feature used to share Internet access, which we use to enable opportunistic communications. We compare WiFi-Opp to WiFi Ad-Hoc by replaying real-world contact traces and evaluate their performance in terms of capacity for content dissemination as well as energy consumption. While achieving comparable throughput, WiFi-Opp is up to 10 times more energy efficient than its Ad-Hoc counterpart. Eventually, a proof of concept demonstrates the feasibility of WiFi-Opp, which opens new perspectives for opportunistic networking.
Effect of electron-electron interaction on hot ballistic electron beams (1995)

Electron-electron scattering of ballistic electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas was studied as a function of the electron excess energy above the Fermi energy and of temperature. At low temperatures of 1.4 K it is found that for excess energies of approximately 30% of the Fermi energy the electrons in a ballistic electron beam are already scattered significantly due to electron-electron interaction. A very good agreement between our experimental data and theory was found, when the measured data were compared with numerical calculations based on a theory of Giuliani and Quinn [Phys. Rev. B 26, 4421 (1982)], while the agreement was only poor for the analytical approximation of the electron-electron scattering rate.
ChemInform Abstract: PROCEDURAL REFINEMENTS IN THE N‐DEMETHYLATION OF MORPHINE AND CODEINE USING PHENYL CHLOROFORMATE AND HYDRAZINE (1977)

Abstract Aus Morphin und Codein (I) entstehen über die mit Chlorkohlensäureester hergestellten Carbaminate (II) nach einem verbesserten Verfahren die Verbindungen (III).