gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Beamforming and Antenna Configurations on Mobility in 5G NR (2018)

The future 5G systems are getting closer to be a reality. It is envisioned, indeed, that the roll-out of first 5G network will happen around end of 2018 and beginning of 2019. However, there are still a number of issues and problems that have to be faces and new solutions and methods are needed to solve them. Along these lines, the effects that beamforming and antenna configurations may have on the mobility in 5G New Radio (NR) is still unclear. In fact, with the use of directive antennas and high frequencies (e.g., above 10 GHz), in order to meet the stringent requirements of 5G (e.g., support of 500km/h) it is crucial to understand how the envisioned 5G NR antenna configurations may impact mobility (and thus handovers). In this article, first we will briefly survey mobility enhancements and solution currently under discussion in 3GPP Release 15. In particular, we focus our analysis on the physical layer signals involved in the measurement reporting and the new radio measurement model used in 5G NR to filter the multiple beams typical of directive antenna with a large number of antenna elements. Finally, the critical aspect of mobility identified in the previous sections will be analyzed in more details through the obtained results of an extensive system-level evaluation analysis.
Extending the trapping lifetime of single atom in a microscopic far-off-resonance optical dipole trap (2011)

4 作为规模， 5d6p 的漏率 3 F 4 -5d 2 3 F 被用来评估转变可能性。有不同持续时间的 706 nm 激光脉搏被用于钡为 6s5d 的原子横梁 3 D 3 -5d 2 3 F 4 光抽，并且在 6s5d 的留下的百分比 3 D 3 被测量。在 expone 以后？？
Prion Strain Discrimination Based on Rapid In Vivo Amplification and Analysis by the Cell Panel Assay (2009)

Prion strain identification has been hitherto achieved using time-consuming incubation time determinations in one or more mouse lines and elaborate neuropathological assessment. In the present work, we make a detailed study of the properties of PrP-overproducing Tga20 mice. We show that in these mice the four prion strains examined are rapidly and faithfully amplified and can subsequently be discriminated by a cell-based procedure, the Cell Panel Assay.
Short-term Western-style diet negatively impacts reproductive outcomes in primates (2021)

A maternal Western-style diet (WSD) is associated with poor reproductive outcomes, but whether this is from the diet itself or underlying metabolic dysfunction is unknown. Here, we performed a longitudinal study using regularly cycling female rhesus macaques (n = 10) that underwent 2 consecutive in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, one while consuming a low-fat diet and another 6-8 months after consuming a high-fat WSD. Metabolic data were collected from the females prior to each IVF cycle. Follicular fluid (FF) and oocytes were assessed for cytokine/steroid levels and IVF potential, respectively. Although transition to a WSD led to weight gain and increased body fat, no difference in insulin levels was observed. A significant decrease in IL-1RA concentration and the ratio of cortisol/cortisone was detected in FF after WSD intake. Despite an increased probability of isolating mature oocytes, a 44% reduction in blastocyst number was observed with WSD consumption, and time-lapse imaging revealed delayed mitotic timing and multipolar divisions. RNA sequencing of blastocysts demonstrated dysregulation of genes involved in RNA binding, protein channel activity, mitochondrial function and pluripotency versus cell differentiation after WSD consumption. Thus, short-term WSD consumption promotes a proinflammatory intrafollicular microenvironment that is associated with impaired preimplantation development in the absence of large-scale metabolic changes.
A Simple Composite Phenotype Scoring System for Evaluating Mouse Models of Cerebellar Ataxia (2010)

We describe a protocol for the rapid and sensitive quantification of disease severity in mouse models of cerebella ataxia. It is derived from previously published phenotype assessments in several disease models, including spinocerebellar ataxias, Huntington s disease and spinobulbar muscular atrophy. Measures include hind limb clasping, ledge test, gait and kyphosis. Each measure is recorded on a scale of 0-3, with a combined total of 0-12 for all four measures. The results effectively discriminate between affected and non-affected individuals, while also quantifying the temporal progression of neurodegenerative disease phenotypes. Measures may be analyzed individually or combined into a composite phenotype score for greater statistical power. The ideal combination of the four described measures will depend upon the disorder in question. We present an example of the protocol used to assess disease severity in a transgenic mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7).
Acupuncture for Acute Postoperative Pain after Back Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2014)

Our systematic review finds encouraging but limited evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for acute postoperative pain after back surgery. Further rigorously designed clinical trials are required.
Very high-density platelets determine reactivity and activity of circulating platelets (2018)

Abstract Background For many decades, platelets have been known to display a substantial density heterogeneity. Knowledge about the origins and functions of specific platelet density subpopulations is scarce. This study investigates if very high-density (1.09 kg/L) platelets impact upon the reactivity and activity of all platelets. Methods Subjects ( n =52) were recruited in conjunction with a nurse-guided blood pressure control. Platelet reactivity in citrate anticoagulated whole blood, i.e. surface-bound P-selectin after provocation, was analysed using a flow cytometry technique. ADP (8.5 μmol/L) was employed as an agonist. Subsequently, the entire population was separated according to density into 17 subpopulations, with fraction 1 containing the densest platelets (1.09 kg/L). In each subfraction surface P-selectin expression was determined. Subjects were then divided according to the number of very high-density platelets in 1.09 high ( n =17) and 1.09 low ( n =35) demonstrating &gt;8×10 9 /L and ≤8×10 9 /L 1.09 kg/L fraction 1 platelets, respectively. Results Surface-attached P-selectin after provocation reveals that 1.09 high associates with increased whole blood reactivity of the entire platelet population. The level of significance was p ≤0.01 (8.5 μmol/L ADP). Furthermore, 1.09 high relates to increased spontaneous activity of density populations, as evidenced by membrane-bound P-selectin. For the fractions nos . 2, 4-7, 9, 10 the differences were significant, with p -values ranging from p ≤0.05 to p ≤0.01. Conclusion The number of very high-density (1.09 kg/L) platelets reflects the reactivity of the entire population. It is also closely related to subfraction P-selectin activity. It is unlikely that platelets gain density when circulating. Therefore, evidence suggests that very dense cells are created for this purpose at thrombopoiesis. It is tenable that such platelets regulate the reactivity of the entire population.
Classification of dorsal and ventral dimelia in humans (2013)

Dorsal dimelia (appearance of dorsal structures on the palmar aspect of the hand) and ventral dimelia (appearance of palmar structures on the dorsal aspect of the hand) are rare congenital hand malformations that occur due to errors of the dorso-ventral axis of development of the limb. The current literature includes numerous cases and there is now sufficient basic science/genetics research on the topic so that a classification of dorsal/ventral dimelia could be proposed. Dorsal dimelia is subclassified into two types: distal (dorsalization of the digits ± distal palm) and proximal (dorsalization of the proximal palm only) types. Ventral dimelia is classified into three types (mild, moderate, and severe) according to the degree of ventralization. The classification is supported by the genetic basis of each subtype.
ChemInform Abstract: Et2AlCl‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Epoxytrichloroacetimidates for the Synthesis of α‐Substituted Serines (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Copper‐Catalysed Alkylarylation of Activated Alkenes Using AIBN and Beyond: An Access to Cyano‐Containing Oxindoles (2015)

Abstract A practical copper‐catalysed oxidative radical alkylarylation of activated alkenes using AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) and related reagents has been developed. This has allowed the general incorporation of nitrile moieties into oxindoles by a cascade addition/C(sp 2 )–H cyclization process. This protocol demonstrates for the first time that DIAD (diisopropyl azodicarboxylate) can act as a new activator for the C(sp 3 )–H functionalization of acetonitrile instead of the usual Ag salts. The use of an inexpensive copper salt as the catalyst, the general access to primary and tertiary nitriles, as well as the air‐ and moisture‐tolerant reaction conditions make this protocol a highly attractive approach to cyano‐containing oxindoles.
Macromolecular Intelligence in Microorganisms (2000)

Biochemistry and molecular biology have been focusing on the structural, catalytic, and regulatory properties of individual macromolecules from the perspective of clarifying the mechanisms of metabolism and gene expression. Complete genomes of 'primitive' living organisms seem to be substantially larger than necessary for metabolism and gene expression alone. This is in line with the findings of silent phenotypes for supposedly important genes, apparent redundancy of functions, and variegated networks of signal transduction and transcription factors. Here we propose that evolutionary optimization has been much more intensive than to lead to the bare minima necessary for autonomous life. Much more complex organisms prevail. Much of this complexity arises in the nonlinear interactions between cellular macromolecules and in subtle differences between paralogs (isoenzymes). The complexity can only be understood when analyzed quantitatively, for which quantitative experimentation is needed in living systems that are as simple and manipulatable as possible, yet complex in the above sense. We illustrate this for the glutamine synthetase cascade in Escherichia coli. By reviewing recent molecular findings, we show that this cascade is much more complex than necessary for simple regulation of ammonia assimilation. Simulations suggest that the function of this complexity may lie in quasi-intelligent behavior, including conditioning and learning.
Prediction Technique of Master Curve of Linear Viscoelastic Materials from the Data by Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer under Frequency-constant/Temperature-sweep Test Condition (2014)

周波数一定/温度分散の実験条件により計測された動的粘弾性試験の結果からマスター曲線を予測する新しい計算方法を提案した.本法は,線形粘弾性論における貯蔵弾性率と損失弾性率の関係に基づくものであり,前報より高い予測性能を有するものである.本法の有効性を検討するため,体積分率10%のカーボンブラックを充填したスチレン・ブタジエンゴムの動的粘弾性試験結果に本法を適用した,その結果,本法により予測されるマスター曲線は良好な精度であり,安定性にも優れることを確認した.
Grain refinement mechanisms of alloying molybdenum with carbon manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (2022)

Pure molybdenum produced by additive laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processes has a coarse, epitaxially-grown columnar grain structure with cracks located at high-angle grain boundaries, which are embrittled through oxygen segregation. The tensile strength of these pure molybdenum specimens is only 50 MPa, or 11% of the strength of powder metallurgically sintered, deformed, and recrystallized molybdenum. Alloying molybdenum with carbon can reduce cracks, increase density to 99.5%, and thus increase tensile strength to 650 MPa. The addition of carbon prevents embrittled grain boundaries and high residual porosity by outgassing oxygen, trapping any residual oxygen in the oxygen-soluble Mo2C carbide, and increasing the grain boundary surface on which the oxygen is distributed. In this study, we investigated the grain size, tensile strength, and hardness of five different molybdenum-carbon alloys produced via LPBF at constant process parameters. Our alloys ranged from pure molybdenum to 2.2 wt% carbon, which corresponds to a near-eutectic composition. In the absence of extrinsic nucleant particles in the melt, the relationship between grain size and solute concentration—and thus the growth restriction factor—follows an inverse exponential Arrhenius-type equation. We attributed grain refinement at higher carbon contents to increasing thermal and constitutional supercooling. The supercooling allows grains to nucleate and grow on the underlying solidified layer, where the fastest growth direction 〈1 0 0〉 is better aligned to the thermal gradient than that of the epitaxially growing grains.
Seed germination and in vitro propagation of three threatened endemic South African Aloe species (2022)

Aloe modesta Reynolds (endangered), A. peglerae Schönland (critically endangered), and A. reitzii Reynolds (vulnerable) are endemic South African Aloe species valued for their horticultural and/or medicinal value, appearing on the Red List of South African Plants. Propagation is an important step in the cultivation of these species for their conservation. This study examined the effect of temperature (15, 20, 25, and 30°C) and photoperiod (constant dark, 16 h light, and constant light) on seed germination of these three species. The in vitro propagation of A. reitzii was also investigated by examining the effect of different cytokinins [kinetin, 6-benzyladenine (BA), meta-topolin (mT), and meta-topolin riboside (mTR)] on shoot multiplication. Germination percentage and mean germination rate of A. modesta were significantly inhibited when the seeds were incubated at a low temperature (15°C) in comparison to incubation at other temperatures (20 – 30°C). An increase in temperature significantly decreased mean germination time (MGT), as well as increased seedling chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in A. peglerae and A. reitzii. A reduction in germination speed, evident in increased MGT was observed in the three species when seeds were incubated under constant light and 16 h light as compared to constant dark. Medium with 5.0 µM meta-topolin produced the highest A. reitzii shoot proliferation (16 shoots) per shoot-tip explant after eight weeks of culture. This shoot multiplication rate translates to a potential production of 1 118 481 shoots per shoot-tip explant per annum, based on a geometric progression with six possible multiplication cycles per annum. Aloe reitzii shoots produced from BA and kinetin treatments had a high flavonoid content whereas all mT and mTR treatments gave reduced flavonoid content. Seed and/or in vitro propagation protocols of these threatened endemic Aloe species established in this study can be employed in the biodiversity conservation of Aloe species for their sustainable use.
Evaluation of Serologic Cross-Reactivity Between Dengue Virus and SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Acute Febrile Illness — United States and Puerto Rico, April 2020–March 2021 (2022)

The diagnosis of dengue disease, caused by the dengue virus (DENV) (a flavivirus), often requires serologic testing during acute and early convalescent phases of the disease. Some symptoms of DENV infection, such as nonspecific fever, are similar to those caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In studies with few COVID-19 cases, positive DENV immunoglobulin M (IgM) results were reported with various serologic tests, indicating possible cross-reactivity in these tests for DENV and SARS-CoV-2 infections (1,2). DENV antibodies can cross-react with other flaviviruses, including Zika virus. To assess the potential cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2, DENV, and Zika virus IgM antibodies, serum specimens from 97 patients from Puerto Rico and 12 U.S.-based patients with confirmed COVID-19 were tested using the DENV Detect IgM Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (InBios International).* In addition, 122 serum specimens from patients with confirmed dengue and 121 from patients with confirmed Zika virus disease (all from Puerto Rico) were tested using the SARS-CoV-2 pan-Ig Spike Protein ELISA (CDC).<sup>†</sup> Results obtained for DENV, Zika virus IgM, and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies indicated 98% test specificity and minimal levels of cross-reactivity between the two flaviviruses and SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate that diagnoses of dengue or Zika virus diseases with the serological assays described in this report are not affected by COVID-19, nor do dengue or Zika virus diseases interfere with the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Origin of active transport in breast-cancer cells (2013)

Living cells are active systems, continuously adapting to respond to their environment. The dynamic cytoskeleton and especially the molecular motors acting on it provide the cell with its remodeling capabilities and allow active transport within the cell. While active transport in living cells has been well-documented, the underlying mechanisms have not been determined. Hence, we systematically target the cytoskeleton, molecular motors, and ATP energy related processes to determine their roles in particle transport. We perform intracellular particle tracking in low and high metastatic potential (MP) breast-cancer cells and analyze particle motion through the mean square displacement and other powers of the displacement. From those experiments, we show that the motion in both cell types is actively driven by fluctuating microtubules and their associated molecular motors. In the two cells, however, the relative importance of the mechanisms varies. In the low MP cells, particles are mostly transported by motors and likely remain on a single microtubule. In those cells, microtubule fluctuations cause intermittent jumps and actin typically hinders motion in the dense intracellular microenvironment. In contrast, particle motion in the high MP cells is driven by indirect motor-transport or by jumping between microtubules and is highly impacted by fluctuations of the microtubules. Thus, we are able to provide insight into mechanisms driving active transport in living cells, using intracellular particle tracking.
Reaction pathways of the cation radicals of aromatic compounds related to the anthracenes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction pathways of the cation radicals of aromatic compounds related to the anthracenesVernon D. ParkerCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1984, 17, 7, 243–250Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00103a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00103a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Topical Sirolimus for Prevention of Subglottic Stenosis in a Rabbit Model (2004)

P092 Objectives: To utilize an established animal model to test the ability of topical sirolimus, a macrolide immunosupressant, to prevent or reduce subglottic stenosis. Methods: Pasturella-free New Zealand white rabbits were injured in the subglottic mucosa by a cricoid split procedure and laser. Each of the rabbits in 3 groups received either saline, mitomycin, or sirolimus atomized by direct laryngoscopy to the injured mucosa every 4 days over 3 subsequent weeks. The animals were subsequently sacrificed and the larynges examined grossly and histologically. Results: Our model predictably resulted in inflammation and subglottic scarring in controls (saline). Mitomycin inhibits subglottic scarring but prevents epithelialization and resulted in early rabbit mortality. Sirolimus prevents scar formation, inflammation, does not interfere with epithelialization, and did not result in animal mortality. Conclusion: We believe that the animal model described above is an excellent model for studying subglottic stenosis. The histologic changes within the lamina propria of the injured airway demonstrate chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate and fibroplasia. These findings are quite similar to the changes that occur within normal skin with hypertrophic scarring and keloid formation. Sirolimus is a potent inhibitor of key elements of fibrosis: namely fibroblast proliferation and production of growth factors that stimulate the laying down of wound matrix and collagen formation. Our preliminary study suggests that sirolimus may be an effective topical agent that will inhibit tissue fibrosis and subglottic scarring.
<title>Facial skin resurfacing with a very short-pulsed CO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> laser: beam characterization and initial histological results</title> (1996)

The beam characteristics and spot geometry of a short pulsed (15 - 1000 microsecond) carbon- dioxide, multimode laser were measured. At a distance of 1.0 - 3.0 cm from the handpiece the laser produced a 5 mm<SUP>2</SUP> square spot with an even fluence across the entire spot area (Mesa Mode). Human eyelid skin was irradiated both in vivo and ex-vivo immediately after excision with 1, 2, 3, or 4 pulses, a pulse duration of 62.5 microseconds, and at a fluence of 6 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. H&E stained sections showed an even removal of tissue across the impact site. The depth of thermal damage was measured as 38 micrometer plus or minus 22.7 with a range of 0 - 100 micrometer.
Sphingolipid Synthesis via Olefin Cross Metathesis:  Preparation of a Differentially Protected Building Block and Application to the Synthesis of d-erythro-Ceramide (2004)

The sphingolipid backbone is readily assembled by E-selective olefin cross metathesis of a suitable building block.
Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Brain Tumor Risks in the INTEROCC Study (2014)

Occupational ELF exposure may play a role in the later stages (promotion and progression) of brain tumorigenesis.