gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selected works in organic chemistry (Nesmeyanov, A. N.) (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTSelected works in organic chemistry (Nesmeyanov, A. N.)Raymond E. Dessy Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 1, A54Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 January 1965Published inissue 1 January 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/ed042pA54RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Origin of Photoluminescence in Organosilicon Compounds Containing Styrene Subunits (2005)

The observation of an intense blue photoluminescence in 1,1-diorgano-2,3-diphenyl-4-neopentyl-1-silacyclobut-2-enes upon irradiation with UV light led to the investigation of the origin of the phenomenon in this class of compounds. In this report we describe the synthesis of seven silicon-based model compounds which contain stilbene or styrene subunits, respectively. The compounds were characterized spectroscopically and by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Their photoluminescence spectra were recorded in the solid state as well as in dilute THF solution. The interpretation of the spectra revealed that the photoluminescence in this series of compounds originates from the presence of the stilbene or its vinylogue subunits. The different linkages of these groups to the silicon centers (cyclic or open structures, four-or five-membered cycles) strongly affect both the excitation as well as the emission spectra.
Surface Figuring Using Neutral Ion Beams (1989)

During recent years, economic and technological pressures have driven research for higher performance optical fabrication techniques. Among the candidate figuring technologies is ion beam sputtering in which material is removed from the optical surface by the kinetic interaction of ions and atoms or molecules of the surface. The first use of sputtering as a means for optical figuring occurred in the mid 1960&apos;s [1,2], and the technique has been investigated by several groups since that time. The prior work was done primarily with ion sources producing high energy (20KeV and above), low current (fraction of a milliampere), narrow (usually less than one millimeter) ion beams. The low current directly translates to low removal rates, while the high energy contributes to radiation damage, ion implantation, and other effects. In the present work the low current, high energy source is replaced with a Kaufman broad-beam ion source[3]. These sources produce higher ion currents at lower energies, thus giving faster removal with minimal surface damage. The ion beam produced by a Kaufman ion source consists of a number of ions traveling in a (typi-cally) slightly diverging beam, along with an equal flux of lower energy electrons. The electrons are injected into the ion beam to reduce electrostatic repulsion in the beam, but also to prevent the charging of dielectric targets.
Structure Function Studies of Vaccinia Virus Host Range Protein K1 Reveal a Novel Functional Surface for Ankyrin Repeat Proteins (2010)

Poxvirus host tropism at the cellular level is regulated by virus-encoded host range proteins acting downstream of virus entry. The functioning mechanisms of most host range proteins are unclear, but many contain multiple ankyrin (ANK) repeats, a motif that is known for ligand interaction through a concave surface. We report here the crystal structure of one of the ANK repeat-containing host range proteins, the vaccinia virus K1 protein. The structure, at a resolution of 2.3 A, showed that K1 consists entirely of ANK repeats, including seven complete ones and two incomplete ones, one each at the N and C terminus. Interestingly, Phe82 and Ser83, which were previously shown to be critical for K1's function, are solvent exposed and located on a convex surface, opposite the consensus ANK interaction surface. The importance of this convex surface was further supported by our additional mutagenesis studies. We found that K1's host range function was negatively affected by substitution of either Asn51 or Cys47 and completely abolished by substitution of both residues. Cys47 and Asn51 are also exposed on the convex surface, spatially adjacent to Phe82 and Ser83. Altogether, our data showed that K1 residues on a continuous convex ANK repeat surface are critical for the host range function, suggesting that K1 functions through ligand interaction and does so with a novel ANK interaction surface.
Smashing SDN "built-in" actions: Programmable data plane packet manipulation in hardware (2017)

Recently, with new hardware architectures such as Reconfigurable Match Tables and languages such as P4, the Software Defined Networking community has started to bring linerate data plane programmatic flexibility inside switching chipsets. Starting from the original OpenFlow's match/action abstraction, most of the work has so far focused on key improvements in matching flexibility. Conversely, the "action" part, i.e. the set of operations (such as encapsulation or header manipulation) performed on packets after the forwarding decision, has received way less attention: the OpenFlow community has limited to standardize the set of supported actions, whereas their implementation has been delegated to each specific vendor/device. Goal of this paper is to move beyond the idea of "atomic", pre-implemented, actions, and rather make them programmable while retaining high speed multi-gbps operation. In this work we propose a domain-specific HW architecture, called Packet Manipulation Processor (PMP), able to efficiently support microprograms implementing such actions. We describe three non trivial use cases (tunneling, NAT, and ARP reply generation), and assess the relevant throughput performance.
Base-catalysed rearrangements involving ylide intermediates. Part 8. The preparation and some reactions of stable ammonium ylides (1981)

The carbonyl-stabilised ammonium ylides (3), (12a–n), and (14a–c) were obtained from the reaction of the corresponding ammonium halides (1), (13a–n), and (15a–c) with sodium hydroxide in water or aqueous methanol. The ylides, which were characterised by their molecular formulae and spectroscopic properties, regenerated quaternary ammonium bromides on treatment with hydrobromic acid. In general the reactions of the ammonium ylides resemble those of the corresponding sulphonium ylides. Thus ylides having a suitable migrating group (ArCH2) undergo a Stevens [1,2] rearrangement on heating, and other ylides fragment to give a tertiary amine and products containing the PhCOCH grouping. A number of ylides reacted with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to give the furans (32). The ylides (14b and c) with phenyl isocyanate gave the phenylcarbamoyl-substituted ylides (35).
Feedback reduces opioid prescriptions (2018)

Neuroscience
Most people addicted to opioids began taking them because they were legally prescribed. Little attention has been paid to changing physicians' prescribing behavior. Using a randomized controlled trial format, Doctor et al. monitored the effect of notifying physicians who had a patient die of opioid overdose within 12 months of a prescription. The physicians received an injunction to prescribe safely from their county's medical examiner. This intervention led to reductions in high-intensity prescribing, reductions in the likelihood that an opioid-naive patient received a prescription, and a reduction in overall cumulative opioid intake.

Science , this issue p. [588][1]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aat4595
α-Defensins in Enteric Innate Immunity (2009)

Paneth cells are a secretory epithelial lineage that release dense core granules rich in host defense peptides and proteins from the base of small intestinal crypts. Enteric alpha-defensins, termed cryptdins (Crps) in mice, are highly abundant in Paneth cell secretions and inherently resistant to proteolysis. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that enteric alpha-defensins of Paneth cell origin persist in a functional state in the mouse large bowel lumen. To test this idea, putative Crps purified from mouse distal colonic lumen were characterized biochemically and assayed in vitro for bactericidal peptide activities. The peptides comigrated with cryptdin control peptides in acid-urea-PAGE and SDS-PAGE, providing identification as putative Crps. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry experiments showed that the molecular masses of the putative alpha-defensins matched those of the six most abundant known Crps, as well as N-terminally truncated forms of each, and that the peptides contain six Cys residues, consistent with identities as alpha-defensins. N-terminal sequencing definitively revealed peptides with N termini corresponding to full-length, (des-Leu)-truncated, and (des-Leu-Arg)-truncated N termini of Crps 1-4 and 6. Crps from mouse large bowel lumen were bactericidal in the low micromolar range. Thus, Paneth cell alpha-defensins secreted into the small intestinal lumen persist as intact and functional forms throughout the intestinal tract, suggesting that the peptides may mediate enteric innate immunity in the colonic lumen, far from their upstream point of secretion in small intestinal crypts.
Psoriasis and Smoking (2015)

This literature review is in favor of a positive association between the prevalence of smoking and psoriasis as well as an association between smoking and severity of psoriasis.
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE‐ANTIGEN CONJUGATES. PART 5. PREPARATION OF 6‐AZAURACIL‐PROTEIN CONJUGATES BY MEANS OF ISOTHIOCYANATE COUPLING (1976)

Abstract Nach Überführung von 6‐Azauracil (I) in den Bis‐O‐trimethylsilyläther wird durch Umsetzung mit 4‐Nitrobenzylbromid (II) die Verbindung (IIIa) erhalten, die über (IIIb) und (IIIc) mit den entsprechenden Aminen die Verbindungen (Wa) ergibt.
A consistent history link connectivity protocol (2003)

The RAIN (Reliable Array of Independent Nodes) project at Caltech is focusing on creating reliable distributed systems by leveraging commercially available personal computers and interconnect technologies. Fault-tolerance is introduced into the communication infrastructure by using multiple network interfaces per compute node. When using multiple network connections per compute node, the question of how to monitor connectivity between nodes arises. We examine a connectivity protocol that guarantees that each side of a point-to-point connection sees the same history of activity over the communication channel. In other words, we maintain a consistent history of the state of the channel. The history of channel-state is guaranteed to be identical at each endpoint within some bounded slack. Our main contributions are: (i) a simple, stable protocol for monitoring connectivity that maintains a consistent history with bounded slack, and (ii) proofs that this protocol exhibits correctness, bounded slack, and stability.
Analytical Modeling of the Path-Loss for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces – Anomalous Mirror or Scatterer ? (2020)

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are an emerging field of research in wireless communications. A fundamental component for analyzing and optimizing RIS-empowered wireless networks is the development of simple but sufficiently accurate models for the power scattered by an RIS. By leveraging the general scalar theory of diffraction and the Huygens-Fresnel principle, we introduce simple formulas for the electric field scattered by an RIS that is modeled as a sheet of electromagnetic material of negligible thickness. The proposed approach allows us to identify the conditions under which an RIS of finite size can be approximated as an anomalous mirror or as a scatterer. Numerical results are shown to confirm the proposed approach.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α- or Lipopolysaccharide-induced Expression of the Murine P-selectin Gene in Endothelial Cells Involves Novel κB Sites and a Variant Activating Transcription Factor/cAMP Response Element (1998)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increases expression of the P-selectin gene in murine, but not in human, endothelial cells. These mediators augment expression of a reporter gene driven by the murine, but not the human, P-selectin promoter in transfected endothelial cells. The regions from -593 to -474 and from -229 to -13 in the murine P-selectin promoter are required for TNF-alpha or LPS to stimulate reporter gene expression. Within these regions, we identified two tandem kappaB elements, a reverse-oriented kappaB site and a variant activating transcription factor/cAMP response element (ATF/CRE), that participate in TNF-alpha- or LPS-induced expression. The tandem kappaB elements bound to NF-kappaB heterodimers and p65 homodimers, the reverse-oriented kappaB site bound to p65 homodimers, and the variant ATF/CRE bound to nuclear proteins that included activating transcription factor-2. Mutations in each individual element eliminated binding to nuclear proteins and decreased by 20-60% the TNF-alpha- or LPS-induced expression of a reporter gene driven by the murine P-selectin promoter in transfected endothelial cells. Simultaneous mutations of all elements further decreased, but did not abolish, induced expression. Co-overexpression of p50 and p65 enhanced murine P-selectin promoter activity in a kappaB site-dependent manner. These data indicate that the kappaB sites and the variant ATF/CRE are required for TNF-alpha or LPS to optimally induce expression of the murine P-selectin gene. The presence of these elements in the murine, but not the human, P-selectin gene may explain in part why TNF-alpha or LPS stimulates transcription of P-selectin in a species-specific manner.
Figure S3 from HSP90 Inhibitor–SN-38 Conjugate Strategy for Targeted Delivery of Topoisomerase I Inhibitor to Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Kinetic analysis of p-KAP1 induction in MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Reconnaissance d'un diamant de synthèse De Beers parmi d'autre gemmes grâce à la cathodoluminescence (1989)

International audience
Insulator and silencer sequences in the imprinted region of human chromosome 11p15.5 (2003)

The imprinting of the genes on human chromosome 11p15.5 is thought to be controlled by two imprinting control regions located in two differentially methylated CpG islands upstream of the H19 gene (H19 DMR) and in intron 10 of the KCNQ1 gene (KvDMR). We have examined sequences in the human 11p15.5 genomic imprinted region for the presence of insulators and silencers using a position- and enhancer-dependent stable transfection assay. We have confirmed the existence of insulators in H19 DMR and discovered two novel insulators in the IGF2 gene. We have also found two novel silencer sequences; one is located in KvDMR, a region that is thought to contain the promoter for the KCNQ1OT1 transcript, and another is in the CDKN1C gene. We have demonstrated binding of CTCF protein in vitro to all the insulator and silencer sequences that we have detected. We discuss the differences in the regulation of imprinting controlled by the two imprinting control regions in chromosome 11p.
Risk of Tuberculosis Reactivation With Tofacitinib (CP-690550) (2012)

Individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) live with a risk of reactivation, and several treatments for chronic inflammatory conditions are highly associated with such reactivation. A new Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib (CP-690550), has shown promising results for treatment of inflammatory disorders, thus raising concerns of risk of active tuberculosis. Our goal was to characterize the impact of tofacitinib on LTBI using a mouse model of contained tuberculosis. Our data indicate that tofacitinib reduces host containment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and promotes bacterial replication in the lungs, suggesting tuberculosis reactivation. Tofacitinib may carry a significant risk for LTBI reactivation in humans.
Abstract 2684: Multiplex immunofluorescence profiling of tumor infiltrating immune subsets in HNSCC biopsies provides a powerful tool when combined with patient outcome data (2017)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the growing number of tumors for which an anti-tumor immune response is implicated to play a role in the course of the disease. Profiling of the tumor microenvironment including specific infiltrating lymphocyte subsets, antigen presenting cells, expression of regulatory molecules on both tumor and immune cells and spatial relationships between cells could lead to predictive signatures for responsiveness to both conventional and immune modulatory therapies. While flow cytometry results in multi-parametric analysis of immune populations within the tumor, their context i.e. the spatial relationship of these cells to tumor and to other immune cells, is lost. In this current study we use Cell IDx’s novel UltraPlex technology, which is based on a simple two-step, autostainer compatible protocol using hapten labeled primary antibody cocktails followed by fluor labeled anti-hapten secondary cocktails to simultaneously detect 4 cellular markers on the same cell in tumor biopsies. Image registration of serial sections increases multiplexing to 12-16 markers. This technology, which allows generation of full immune subset profiling, quantitative marker expression and relative cellular localization, was applied to a HNSCC tumor microarray as a test system. Data are presented showing the potential of this technology for correlation of tumor “immune signature” with patient outcome. Citation Format: Matt Levin, Mark Lingen, David Schwartz, Helen Snyder. Multiplex immunofluorescence profiling of tumor infiltrating immune subsets in HNSCC biopsies provides a powerful tool when combined with patient outcome data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2684. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2684
Material Limit of Power Devices—Applied to Asymmetric 2-D Superjunction MOSFET (2018)

In spite of the reporting of several mathematical approaches dealing with the behavior of the superjunction MOSFET's specific resistance, a study for the asymmetrical pillar (when the width of the n-pillar and the p-pillar are not the same at a given cellpitch) has not been carried out yet. When the width of one of the pillar (say n-pillar) is modified, the doping concentration (say donor) should be changed to maintain a charge balance condition. This in turn, changes the width of the depletion region, due to the parasitic JFET effect and as a result the effective on-state conduction path. This raises the question whether the best tradeoff between the specific on-state resistance and the breakdown voltage could be achieved by employing the conventional assumption of the same width of the n and p pillars. This paper clarifies the best option for the width of each pillar when designing a superjunction MOSFET and adapts the figures of merit to take into account the asymmetrical superjunction cell.
Crosslinking of Gelatin with Formaldehyde; a 13C NMR Study (1986)

The different species formed when gaseous formaldehyde is dissolved in aqueous medium are investigated by a 13 C NMR flow-through technique and the spectra of commercial aqueous form­aldehyde solutions containing methanol completely interpreted. 13 CH 2 O was used to study the crosslinking reaction with gelatin which leads to methylene and oxymethylene bridges between gelatin-amino-groups. On ageing, hardened gelatin shows an increase in the number of methylene bridges.
Portable Chemical Sterilizer (PCS) for Surgical Instruments (2004)

A novel device called the Portable Chemical Sterilizer (PCS) has been developed for the rapid, safe, portable, power-free, and convenient sterilization of objects or surfaces contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms that cause foodborne illnesses, infections, and disease. The PCS relies on a novel chemical composition consisting of safe, easy-to-transport reagents. Adding water activates the chemical to controllably generate heat, steam, and the potent, broad-based biocidal agent chlorine dioxide (ClO2) that eliminate foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes) and bacterial spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The chemical reaction takes place inside specially configured prototype units to controllably sterilize contaminating microorganisms in as little as 30 minutes. Fundamentally, the sterilization process relies on the principles of chemical kinetics to control the rate of exothermic inorganic chemical reactions that produce heat and the disinfectant ClO2 at rates compatible with achieving the inactivation of harmful microorganisms. The genesis of the PCS configurations and the results of microbiological validation are presented.