gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2694: Novel sesquiterpene lactones derived from Vernonia cinerea inhibit STAT3 activity and suppress human glioblastoma phenotype (2014)

Abstract Constitutively-active STAT3 is prevalent in glioblastoma multiforme, breast cancer and many other human tumors and is a valid target for the discovery of novel anticancer therapeutics. Screening of whole plant extracts from Vernonia cinerea identified sesquiterpene lactones of the hirsutinolide type that inhibit aberrant STAT3 activity and suppress human glioma phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Compounds 6, 10, 20 and 22 suppressed the viability of human glioma, U251MG cells that harbor aberrantly-active STAT3, with IC50 of 2.4-6 µM. Treatment of U251MG cells with any of the four natural product agents inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner, with little or no effects on pErk1/2 and pAkt levels. By contrast, other hirsutinolides, including compounds 8, 9, 11, 18, 19 and 28 showed modest or undetectable effects on U251MG cell viability or on pSTAT3 in U251MG cells. Furthermore, treatment with compounds 6, 10 or 22 had moderate or no effects on phospho-JAK2 or phospho-Src or on the protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP1B level, as measured by Western blot. Moreover, combined treatment with sodium orthovanadate had minimal effect on compound 6-induced decrease in pSTAT3 levels, altogether suggesting that protein tyrosine phosphatases are less likely to be the primary mechanism for down-regulation of pSTAT3 in treated U251MG cells. By contrast, co-treatment with compund 6 repressed the robust induction of pSTAT3 levels by sodium orthovanadate. Furthermore, treatment with compound 6, 10, 20 or 22 inhibited colony formation and the migration of U251MG cells in vitro, and repressed the expression of STAT3 regulated genes, including Mcl-1 in U251MG cells. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy studies of compound 6 revealed dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of human glioma tumor xenografts in mice. Our studies have identified natural product-based small molecules that potently inhibit STAT3 activity and preferentially induce antitumor cell effects in vitro and antitumor response in vivo against human glioma. Citation Format: Gabriella Miklossy, Ui Joung Youn, Peibin Yue, Leng Chee Chang, James Turkson. Novel sesquiterpene lactones derived from Vernonia cinerea inhibit STAT3 activity and suppress human glioblastoma phenotype. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2694. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2694
Inhibition of IgE-mediated histamine release from human peripheral leukocytes by selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors. (1992)

Several phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors with the capacity to inhibit the PDE IV isoenzyme produce dose-dependent inhibition of IgE-mediated histamine release (HR) from human peripheral leukocytes in vitro. Inhibition reached a maximum after 20 min of preincubation (IC30: 6-30 microM, IC50: 30-80 microM). Motapizone--a potent inhibitor of the isoenzyme PDE III--was much less effective, thus giving indirect evidence that PDE IV plays a predominant role in the control of cAMP cleavage in human basophils. The inhibiting effect of PDE-III/IV-selective compounds on IgE-mediated HR did not exceed the action of PDE-IV-selective inhibitors. The inhibition of anti-IgE-induced HR by zardaverine (a PDE-III/IV-inhibiting compound) was synergistically enhanced in the combined presence of forskolin or the recently synthesized histamine H2-agonist FRA 19).
A Hydrocarbon Hexaradical with Three Localized 1,3-Cyclopentanediyl Triplet Diradicals Linked by 1,3,5-Trimethylenebenzene as Ferromagnetic Coupler:  Synthesis of the Azoalkane Precursor, Photochemical Generation of the Polyradical, and EPR Characterization of Its Septet-Spin Ground State (2000)

The unknown trisazoalkane 3 was prepared and photodenitrogenated into the novel septet hexaradical H-3, which is composed of three localized 1,3-cyclopentanediyl triplet diradicals as spin carriers, connected to the cross-conjugated ferromagnetic coupler 1,3,5-trimethylenebenzene. On nitrogen extrusion during the UV photolysis of the trisazoalkane 3 in the toluene matrix at 77 K, the characteristic triplet, quintet, and septet EPR signals for the corresponding diradical D-3, tetraradical T-3, and hexaradical H-3 were observed, all persistent for months at 77 K. Computer simulation of the EPR signals for the hexaradical gave the zero-field parameters D = 0.00907 cm-1 and E = 0.000187 cm-1, which is in good agreement with related polyradicals.
A Geometry Projection Method for Continuum-Based Topology Optimization of Structures (2012)

We present a methodology to design structures with fixed-width and fixed-thickness beams using continuum-based topology optimization. The proposed methodology projects the geometry of rectangular bars onto the analysis grid, whereby each bar is parameterized by its end points, which are the design variables for the optimization. We present a simple short cantilever beam example that demonstrates the methodology. 1 . When discretized, the density field provides a 'raster' image that defines the geometry of the structure. Together with the solid isotropic material penalization (SIMP), this paradigm readily accommodates topological changes while employing a fixed analysis model by forcing the density at a location to go to 0.0 (signifying no material should be placed in that location) or to 1.0 (signifying the location should be in a load path). This flexibility comes at the expense of not being able to easily accommodate geometric requirements. For example, if only commercially available stock material (e.g. tubing, bars or extruded profiles) can be utilized, then it would be desirable to obtain an optimal topology whose members are straight and whose cross sections correspond to those of the available material. While in the case of truss design, imposing these requirements is possible and natural via the ground structure method 1 , geometric constraints for continuum structures are difficult to enforce—for instance, that an optimal plate-like structure be obtained from a 3-dimensional design space. In this work, we introduce a methodology to design structures with fixed-width and fixed-thickness rectangular bars using continuum-based topology optimization. The proposed methodology employs the geometry projection of Refs. 2,3 in order to project the geometry of the bars onto the analysis grid, whereby each bar is parameterized by its end points. We present a simple short cantilever beam example that demonstrates the methodology.
Iron fortification in parboiled rice – a rapid and effective tool for delivering Fe nutrition to rice consumers (2009)

Parboiled rice production accounts for nearly half of the worldâs rice production. Its markets and consumer base are firmly established in South Asia and Africa where Fe-deficient populations are mostly concentrated. Our research group has pioneered the technology of Fe-fortification in parboiled rice and demonstrated its feasibility in significantly increasing Fe concentration in the endosperm (white rice) and its bioavailability in rice based diet. Fortification with Fe-EDTA during parboiling resulted in 10 to 50 folds increase in grain Fe concentration, depending on the grain properties among different rice varieties. However, the broken rice of Fe-fortified parboiled rice contained 5 times the Fe concentration of the full grain, which is often bought and consumed by people in low income category. The bioavailability of the fortified Fe is closely correlated with increasing Fe concentration in white rice (r = 0.90, p 50% to almost 100%, despite repeated rinsing before cooking depending on rice varieties. Perlsâ Prussian blue staining and prolonged polishing showed that the in vitro Fe penetrated into the interior of the endosperm. Fortification at the rate up to 250 mg Fe kg-1 paddy rice has no deleterious effects on appearance, color and sensory quality and overall acceptance by parboiled rice consumers. It increased Fe concentration up to 27 mg Fe kg-1 of in white rice, compared with 5 mg Fe kg-1 in unfortified parboiled and raw white rice. As a result, we can conclude that parboiled rice is a ready and effective tool for improving Fe nutrition of rice consumers in these regions.
Characterizing the discrete capacity achieving distribution with peak power constraint at the transition points (2008)

The capacity-achieving input distribution for many channels like the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels under a peak power constraint is discrete with a finite number of mass points. The number of mass points is itself a variable and figuring it out is part of the optimization problem. We wish to understand the behavior of the optimal input distribution at the transition points where the number of mass points changes. We give a new set of necessary and sufficient conditions at the transition points, which offer new insights into the transition and make the computation of the optimal distribution easier. These conditions can be simplified, at least in the real channel case, by assuming the conjecture that the number of mass points increases monotonically and by at most one as the constraint on the input is relaxed. In particular, we show that for zero mean, unit variance Gaussian noise, the peak amplitude A of 1:671 and 2:786 mark the points where the binary and ternary signaling respectively are no longer optimal.
Efficient conversion of biomass into lipids by using the simultaneous saccharification and enhanced lipid production process (2013)

The SSELP process facilitates direct conversion of both cellulose and hemicellulose of lignocellulosic materials into microbial lipids. It greatly reduces time and capital costs while improves lipid coefficient. Optimization of the SSELP process at different levels should further improve the efficiency of microbial lipid technology, which in turn, promote the biotechnological production of fatty acid-derived products from lignocellulosic biomass.
1-D Residual Convolutional Neural Network coupled with Data Augmentation and Regularization for the ICPHM 2023 Data Challenge (2023)

In this article, we present our contribution to the International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (ICPHM) 2023 Data Challenge on Industrial Systems' Health Monitoring using Vibration Analysis. For the task of classifying sun gear faults in a gearbox, we propose a residual Convolutive Neural Network (CNN) that operates on raw three-channel time-domain vibration signals. In conjunction with data augmentation and regu-larization techniques, the proposed model yields very good results in a multi-class classification scenario with real-world data despite its relatively small size, i.e., with less than 30,000 trainable parameters. Even when presented with data obtained from multiple operating conditions, the network is still capable to accurately predict the condition of the gearbox under inspection.
Summary Tables: York County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report (2013)

The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).
The effect of high pressure processing on the morphology of polyethylene films tested by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction and its influence on the permeability of the polymer (2008)

Abstract This study investigated the influence of high‐pressure processing on the morphology and permeability of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films used for food packaging. This was done by monitoring the crystallinity, melting temperature ( T m ), and oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the materials before and after the pressure treatments. A first set of pouches made from the LDPE films were filled with 95% ethanol then pressured at 200, 400, 600, and 800 MPa for 5 and 10 min at 25 and 75°C. The crystallinity and T m of the films were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). X‐ray diffraction (XRD) was also used to determine the crystallinity. A second set of LDPE pouches were similarly made but a half of them were filled with 95% ethanol and the other half filled with distilled water. These second set of pouches were pressured at 200, 600, and 800 MPa then their OTR tested. Results of the DSC experiments showed that the T m increased with increasing pressure intensity but the crystallinity changes were not detectible. The XRD method on the other hand, showed significant ( P &lt; 0.05) crystallinity increases with increasing pressure treatments. The gas permeability analyses showed decreasing OTR's with increasing high‐pressure intensity treatments. The OTR in the pouches filled with the 95% ethanol was slightly lower than that of the pouches filled with water. These findings allowed us to better anticipate the behavior of LDPE films used to package high‐pressure processed foods. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
CXCIII.—Physicochemical studies of complex acids. Part VI. The precipitation of molybdates (1931)

H. T. S. Britton and W. L. German, J. Chem. Soc., 1931, 1429 DOI: 10.1039/JR9310001429
Schizotypy in community samples: The three-factor structure and correlation with sustained attention. (1997)

The authors examined cross-cultural applicability of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS), and the Continuous Performance Test in community samples of Taiwanese adults and adolescents. The authors tested hypotheses that a 3-factor structure of the SPQ (Cognitive-Perceptual, Interpersonal, and Disorganization: A. Raine et al., 1994) exists for both samples and that the Interpersonal factor is associated with poorer attention. The authors replicated the 3-factor model for both samples, and they externally validated the model in adults: The Interpersonal factor and possibly the Disorganization factor were associated with poorer attention, whereas the Cognitive-Perceptual factor was not. The PAS differed from the Cognitive-Perceptual factor in its consistent association with poorer attention in both samples. These have important implications for the scales in the early detection of the schizotypy in various cultures.
Recombinant Expression of the Full-length Ectodomain of LDL Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1) Unravels pH-dependent Conformational Changes and the Stoichiometry of Binding with Receptor-associated Protein (RAP) (2016)

LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a highly modular protein and the largest known mammalian endocytic receptor. LRP1 binds and internalizes many plasma components, playing multiple crucial roles as a scavenger and signaling molecule. One major challenge to studying LRP1 has been that it is difficult to express such a large, highly glycosylated, and cysteine-rich protein, limiting structural studies to LRP1 fragments. Here, we report the first recombinant expression of the complete 61 domains of the full-length LRP1 ectodomain. This advance was achieved with a multistep cloning approach and by using DNA dilutions to improve protein yields. We investigated the binding properties of LRP1 using receptor-associated protein (RAP) as a model ligand due to its tight binding interaction. The LRP1 conformation was studied in its bound and unbound state using mass spectrometry, small-angle X-ray scattering, and negative-stain electron microscopy at neutral and acidic pH. Our findings revealed a pH-dependent release of the ligand associated with a conformational change of the receptor. In summary, this investigation of the complete LRP1 ectodomain significantly advances our understanding of this important receptor and provides the basis for further elucidating the mechanism of action of LRP1 in a whole and integrated system.
Multi‐institutional review of non‐hypospadiac penile urethral stricture management and outcomes (2022)

Surgical repair of penile urethral strictures of non-hypospadiac origin have a favorable overall success rate, at 80.2%. Regardless of incisional approach or surgical technique, all operations appear to have similar outcomes other than repairs using fasciocutaneous flap, which were statistically less successful than those using buccal mucosa graft.
Suprathreshold Differences in Competing Speech Perception in Older Listeners With Normal and Impaired Hearing (2020)

Purpose Age-related declines in auditory temporal processing and cognition make older listeners vulnerable to interference from competing speech. This vulnerability may be increased in older listeners with sensorineural hearing loss due to additional effects of spectral distortion and accelerated cognitive decline. The goal of this study was to uncover differences between older hearing-impaired (OHI) listeners and older normal-hearing (ONH) listeners in the perceptual encoding of competing speech signals. Method Age-matched groups of 10 OHI and 10 ONH listeners performed the coordinate response measure task with a synthetic female target talker and a male competing talker at a target-to-masker ratio of +3 dB. Individualized gain was provided to OHI listeners. Each listener completed 50 baseline and 800 "bubbles" trials in which randomly selected segments of the speech modulation power spectrum (MPS) were retained on each trial while the remainder was filtered out. Average performance was fixed at 50% correct by adapting the number of segments retained. Multinomial regression was used to estimate weights showing the regions of the MPS associated with performance (a "classification image" or CImg). Results The CImg weights were significantly different between the groups in two MPS regions: a region encoding the shared phonetic content of the two talkers and a region encoding the competing (male) talker's voice. The OHI listeners demonstrated poorer encoding of the phonetic content and increased vulnerability to interference from the competing talker. Individual differences in CImg weights explained over 75% of the variance in baseline performance in the OHI listeners, whereas differences in high-frequency pure-tone thresholds explained only 10%. Conclusion Suprathreshold deficits in the encoding of low- to mid-frequency (~5-10 Hz) temporal modulations-which may reflect poorer "dip listening"-and auditory grouping at a perceptual and/or cognitive level are responsible for the relatively poor performance of OHI versus ONH listeners on a different-gender competing speech task. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12568472.
Outcomes of Adenotonsillectomy in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome (2012)

Adenotonsillectomy, while effective in most children with PWS who demonstrate mild to moderate OSA, may not be curative in children with severe OSA. An increase in central apneas can occur in some children with PWS postoperatively, and it is important to repeat PSG after surgery. Further studies are necessary to determine optimal treatment for some children with PWS and sleep-disordered breathing.
π-shifted Sagnac interferometer for characterization of femtosecond first- and second-order polarization mode dispersion (2002)

A novel configuration for measuring femtosecond polarization mode dispersion (PMD) with a pi-shifted Sagnac interferometer is studied. The advantages of this configuration include a response that is independent of the orientation of the device under test. This independence allows characterization of the first-and second-order PMD by measurement of the wavelength dependence of the differential group delay and of the orientation of the device's principal states of polarization. The method provides an extension of the dynamic range of the Sagnac interferometer technique to few-femtosecond PMD measurement.
Three-dimensional morphological changes of the temporomandibular joint and functional effects after mandibulotomy (2017)

The quantitative assessment of the TMJ showed minimal changes of the condylar position and variable degrees of articular disc displacement associated with the paramedian split mandibulotomy. As well, limited jaw functions and vertical mouth opening were noticed more in the mandibultomy group compared to the transoral group in 6- weeks after surgery.
Baseline characteristics in the Avoiding Cardiovascular events through Combination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial: A hypertensive population at high cardiovascular risk (2007)

ACCOMPLISH is the first trial designed to compare the effects on major fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular endpoints of two forms of antihypertensive combination therapy: benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide and amlodipine plus benazepril in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk. Enrollment for this trial is now complete and this report describes the clinical characteristics of the study cohort. Patients with hypertension and a previous history of cardiovascular events, strokes or diabetes mellitus were randomized to double-blind treatment with either of the two combination regimens. The data in this report detail the clinical history and demographic characteristics in patients immediately prior to randomization to study drugs. A total of 11,454 patients were randomized. Mean age (+/-SD) was 68.4+/-6.9 years, 60% were men, and 1360 (12%) were African American. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 31.0+/-6.3 kg/m(2). At study entry, 46% of patients had a history of acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery bypass grafts or percutaneous coronary interventions; 13% had a history of stroke. A history of diabetes mellitus was reported in 6928 (60%) of patients. Mean blood pressure at baseline (on prior hypertension therapy) was 145.4/80.0 mmHg; only 38% of patients had a BP less than 140/90 mmHg. Overall, 97% of patients had received previous antihypertensive treatment (74% on at least two drugs); 53% were on oral diabetes therapy or insulin, 68% on anti-lipid therapy and 63% on anti-platelet agents. In summary, the ACCOMPLISH trial has recruited hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is noteworthy that the mean BMI of 31 in this cohort is clearly above the accepted diagnostic criterion of obesity and that 60% of patients are diabetic, possibly reflecting secular trends in clinical disease.
Asymptotics of Discrete Schrödinger Bridges via Chaos Decomposition (2020)

Consider the problem of matching two independent i.i.d. samples of size $N$ from two distributions $P$ and $Q$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$. For an arbitrary continuous cost function, the optimal assignment problem looks for the matching that minimizes the total cost. We consider instead in this paper the problem where each matching is endowed with a Gibbs probability weight proportional to the exponential of the negative total cost of that matching. Viewing each matching as a joint distribution with $N$ atoms, we then take a convex combination with respect to the above Gibbs probability measure. We show that this resulting random joint distribution converges, as $N\rightarrow \infty$, to the solution of a variational problem, introduced by Föllmer, called the Schrödinger problem. We also derive the first two error terms of orders $N^{-1/2}$ and $N^{-1}$, respectively. This gives us central limit theorems for integrated test functions, including for the cost of transport, and second order Gaussian chaos limits when the limiting Gaussian variance is zero. The proofs are based on a novel chaos decomposition of the discrete Schrödinger bridge by polynomial functions of the pair of empirical distributions as the first and second order Taylor approximations in the space of measures. This is achieved by extending the Hoeffding decomposition from the classical theory of U-statistics.