gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Considering all starting points for simultaneous multithreading simulation (2006)

Commercial processors have support for simultaneous multithreading (SMT), yet little work has been done to provide representative simulation results for SMT. Given a workload, current simulation techniques typically run one combination of those programs from a specific starting offset, or just run one combination of samples across the benchmarks. We have found that the architecture behavior and overall throughput seen can vary drastically based upon the starting points of the different benchmarks. Therefore, to completely evaluate the effect of an SMT architecture optimization on a workload, one would need to simulate many or all of the program combinations from different starting offsets. But exhaustively running all program combinations from many starting offsets is infeasible - even running single programs to completion is often infeasible with modern benchmarks. In this paper we propose an SMT simulation methodology that estimates the average performance over all possible starting points when running multiple programs concurrently on an SMT processor. This is based on our prior co-phase matrix phase analysis and simulation infrastructure. This approach samples all of the unique phase combinations for a set of benchmarks to be run together. Once these phase combinations are sampled, our approach uses these samples, along with a trace of the phase behavior for each program, to provide a CPI estimate of all starting points. This all starting point CPI estimate is precisely calculated in just minutes.
Atomic layer depostion (ALD) of tribological coatings. (2005)

AACE = American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; BMC = bone mineral content; BMD = bone mineral density; DXA = dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; ISCD = International Society for Clinical Densitometry; LSC = least significant change; TBS = trabecular bone score; WHO = World Health Organization.
Technology Focus: Reservoir Performance and Monitoring (September 2008) (2008)

Technology Focus The draft European Directive for carbon capture and sequestration requires monitoring of potential leakage from CO2-storage sites. In this case, monitoring is a method of improving efficiency and will be mandatory for obtaining permission for such projects. Whereas monitoring the movement of the CO2 plume offshore can be achieved at reasonable costs, onshore monitoring leads to high costs and difficulties because of disturbance of residents if seismic is used. Several potential CO2-storage sites are onshore; therefore, monitoring methods that are low-cost and have a limited effect on the public are required. Conventional hydrocarbon production will benefit from this mandatory push for new technology. One such method might be the use of microgravity, which recently was used successfully to monitor the movement of gas in an underground gas-storage project. By advancing this technology, its application envelope might expand even further into miscible- or immiscible-gas-injection enhanced-oil-recovery projects. Another method used increasingly for monitoring is microseismic. Induced microearthquakes are considered the result of slippage or tensile deformation and can be detected at nearby seismic receivers. Even though the effects are not understood well, in tight gas formations, microseismics is used to monitor the direction and growth of induced fractures. The first featured paper shows the expansion of this technology into other hydrocarbon-production activities. Less than a decade ago, the hydrocarbon-production industry discussed ways to cope with a world of low oil prices. This situation has changed dramatically. To optimize income from current high hydrocarbon prices, well-productivity loss from impairment must be minimized. The second featured paper describes a method of detecting such underperforming wells in real time. Assuming that high hydrocarbon prices prevail, unconventional hydrocarbon resources, of which large quantities exist, come into focus. Today, hydrocarbons such as bitumen or shale gas, which for a long period of time were produced in relatively small quantities compared with conventional hydrocarbons, are high on the agenda of oil- and gas-producing companies. To date, methane hydrates are considered to be one of the most unconventional resources with large hydrocarbon volumes in place. The third paper discusses how these reservoirs could be produced. Reservoir Performance and Monitoring additional reading available at the SPE eLibrary: www.spe.org IPTC 11370 • "Seawater in Chalk: An EOR and Compaction Fluid" by Tor Austad, University of Stavanger, et al. IPTC 11375 • "Reservoir Connectivity: Definitions, Examples, and Strategies" by John W. Snedden, ExxonMobil, et al. Additional reading available at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org OTC 19445 • "Fiber-Optic 4C Seabed Cable for Permanent Reservoir Monitoring" by Steve Maas, Petroleum Geo-Services, et al.
Dynamic neural network-based estimator for fault diagnosis in reaction wheel actuator of satellite attitude control system (2006)

This paper presents an approach to simultaneous fault detection and isolation in the reaction wheel actuator of the satellite attitude control system. A model-based adaptive nonlinear parameter estimation technique is used based on a highly accurate reaction wheel dynamical model while each parameter is an indication of a specific type of fault in the system. The estimation is based on the nonlinear finite-memory filtering strategy that is solved for optimal estimation functions. To make the optimization feasible for on-line application, the optimal estimation functions are approximated by MLP neural networks thus reducing the functional optimization problem to a nonlinear programming problem, namely, the optimization of the neural weights. The well-known standard back-propagation algorithm and backpropagation through-time algorithm were employed inside the neural adaptation algorithms to obtain the required gradients. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the methodology for the proposed application.
Speed and capacity of working memory and executive function in schizophrenia compared to unipolar depression (2017)

Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in working memory (WM) and executive functioning (EF) that are present from prodrome to chronic stages of the disease and are related to social and occupational functioning. Recent empirical findings suggest that schizophrenia patients might suffer from a specific speed deficit regarding WM operations that also affects EF. To test this hypothesis, executive functioning (EF) and working memory (WM) performance of 20 schizophrenia (SC) patients, 20 patients suffering from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 40 healthy control (HC) subjects were compared. While schizophrenia patients performed worse in the measure of EF, no difference between the SC and the MDD patients was found regarding WM capacity. However, the SC group was shown to have an impaired speed in encoding, retrieval and manipulation of WM contents compared to the HC group whereas the MDD group showed no such deficit. Furthermore, while in the MDD group only WM capacity was linked to EF performance, in the SC group EF was determined by both WM capacity and WM speed. Hence, increasing the speed of WM operations might be a fruitful target for future therapeutic interventions, and assessing not only the capacity but also the speed of WM might be helpful in identifying candidates for endophenotypic cognitive markers of SC.
C(.alpha.)-Proton Transfer from 2-(1-Hydroxybenzyl)oxythiamin: The Unit Bronsted Slope Overestimates the Amount of Bond Formation to the Base Catalyst in the Transition State (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTC(.alpha.)-Proton Transfer from 2-(1-Hydroxybenzyl)oxythiamin: The Unit Bronsted Slope Overestimates the Amount of Bond Formation to the Base Catalyst in the Transition StateMichael W. Washabaugh, James T. Stivers, and Karen A. HickeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 16, 7094–7097Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00095a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00095a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterisation of polyphenols in Terminalia arjuna bark extract (2012)

The bark of Terminalia arjuna is known for its heart-health benefits in ayurvedic literature. This has been further supported by in vivo studies on animal and human volunteers. But there is no detailed study on identification of the active ingredients such as polyphenols. Polyphenols possesses antioxidant properties and are well-known health actives, it is important to characterise polyphenols in Terminalia arjuna. Aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna bark was analysed for its composition and molecular weight distribution by dialysis. Compositional analysis revealed that it has 44% polyphenols and dialysis study showed that 70% of the polyphenols have molecular weight greater than 3.5 kDa. High performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Terminalia arjuna, confirmed that it contains flavon-3-ols such as (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin. Phenolic acids such as gallic acid, ellagic acid and its derivatives were also found in Terminalia arjuna extract. Ellagic acid derivatives were isolated and their spectral studies indicated that isolated compounds were 3-O-methyl-ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, ellagic acid and 3-O-methyl ellagic acid 3-O-rhamnoside. Hydrolysis and thiolysis studies of high molecular weight polyphenols indicated that they are proanthocyanidins. Given these results, it may be possible to attribute the heart-health effects of Terminalia arjuna to these polyphenols which may be responsible for the endothelial benefit functions like tea.
Learning to Remove Refractive Distortions from Underwater Images (2021)

The fluctuation of the water surface causes refractive distortions that severely downgrade the image of an underwater scene. Here, we present the distortion-guided network (DG-Net) for restoring distortion-free underwater images. The key idea is to use a distortion map to guide network training. The distortion map models the pixel displacement caused by water refraction. We first use a physically constrained convolutional network to estimate the distortion map from the refracted image. We then use a generative adversarial network guided by the distortion map to restore the sharp distortion-free image. Since the distortion map indicates correspondences between the distorted image and the distortion-free one, it guides the network to make better predictions. We evaluate our network on several real and synthetic underwater image datasets and show that it out-performs the state-of-the-art algorithms, especially in presence of large distortions. We also show results of complex scenarios, including outdoor swimming pool images captured by drone and indoor aquarium images taken by cellphone camera.
Analysis of Data Informatics Management and Suggestions in Food Supervision (2015)

The data analysis of food supervision needs to reflect the integration of food safety and possible trend based on the fun-damental test data of stressed foods and their products. With the assessment and analysis on potential resources of hazard elements, the integrate management support of food safety could be achieved. The data management could be organized and evaluated through plan, collection, treatment and display, which might be assisted to establish data-link with process mining to enforce the prospect of food safety background and trend and to provide the support of food safety management.
Effect of Firing Atmosphere on the Cubic-Hexagonal Transition in Ba<sub>0.99</sub>Sr<sub>0.01</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (1990)

Ba0.99Sr0.01Tio3 ceramics were fired for 1 hour at a temperature from 1410° to 1460°C in H2-N2 atmospheres. A pure hexagonal phase, which was not formed by calcination in air, was obtained by firing for 1 hour at 1430°C in H2 atmosphere. A part of the oxygen in Ba0.99Sr0.01TiO3 was removed under the reducing condition, which led to the formation of the hexagonal phase. The amount of the hexagonal phase of Ba0.99Sr0.01TiO3-x increased proportionally with an increase in oxygen deficiency (x). The value of x required for stabilizing the hexagonal phase at room temperature was found to be larger than 0.008. The transition temperature from cubic to hexagonal phase of Ba0.99Sr0.01TiO3-x was higher than that of BaTiO3-x, and oxygen deficiency required for stabilizing the hexagonal phase was larger than that for BaTiO3-x. These results indicated that Ba0.99Sr0.01TiO3-x does not easily transformed into the hexagonal phase.
Heat transfer with oscillating pressure and oscillating flow (2003)

Heat exchangers in Stirling engines and many other reciprocating machines operating under conditions of both oscillating pressure and oscillating flow are discussed. Experiments were done on an apparatus consisting of a piston-cylinder space connected to an annular dead-end heat exchanger space. Instantaneous heat flux and center gas temperature were measured at six locations along the heat exchanger. The results were used to test the model with the complex Nusselt number correlated against oscillating-flow Peclet number. The experimental results showed that the complex Nusselt number was capable of predicting the heat flux, but that there was at least one other important independent variable besides oscillating-flow Peclet number. Dimensional analysis suggested that this was either the ratio of gas thermal properties to those of the wall or a measure of compressibility effects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
In situ continuous monitoring of dissolved gases (N2, O2, CO2, H2) prior to H2 injection in an aquifer (Catenoy, France) by on-site Raman and infrared spectroscopies: instrumental assessment and geochemical baseline establishment (2021)

The establishment of a baseline of gases from an aquifer appears to be an essential prerequisite for monitoring and securing underground storage operations such as the storage of carbon dioxide (carbon capture and storage: CCS), methane or hydrogen. This study describes an innovative metrological technique dedicated to the <i>in situ</i> and continuous quantification of dissolved gases (CO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>) in a shallow aquifer, on the site of Catenoy (Paris Basin) with a water table at a depth of 13 m. Monitoring was carried out from May 7, 2019 to November 19, 2019, before the simulation of H<sub>2</sub> injection. Gases as vapors were collected from the aquifer through a nine-meter long, half-permeable polymer membrane positioned below a packer in a 25-meter deep well. Collected gases were analyzed simultaneously at the surface by fiber Raman (CO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>) and infrared sensors (CO<sub>2</sub>). Gas concentrations were determined from Raman and infrared data, and then converted into dissolved concentrations using Henry's law. The dissolved gas concentrations were about constant over the 6 months period with average values of 31-40 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (CO<sub>2</sub>), 8 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (O<sub>2</sub>), 17 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (N<sub>2</sub>), and 0 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>) indicating a very low variability in the aquifer. This is believed to allow for rapid detection of any possible abnormal concentration variation, in particular linked to an accidental arrival of gases such as hydrogen. Such an online gas measurement system can be deployed as is on any site type of underground storage without any need for adaptation.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Ring Systems for Heat‐Resistant Plastics from Polyisocyanates (1971)

Abstract Investigations on space flight and rockets carried out in particular in the United States have aroused great interest in plastics with enhanced thermal stability. It has become possible to pass far beyond the expected limits of thermal stability with organic plastics, and to synthesize plastics and polymers that can be used at temperatures between about 200 and about 500 °C, a range that formerly appeared to be the exclusive province of inorganic materials.
Small Molecule Mitochondrial F1F0ATPase Hydrolase Inhibitors as Cardioprotective Agents. Identification of 4-(N-Arylimidazole)-Substituted Benzopyran Derivatives as Selective Hydrolase Inhibitors (2004)

In this paper we show that 4-aryl-CH2-imidazole-substituted benzopyran compounds with 3S,4R-stereochemistry are cardioprotective by inhibiting the F1F0 mitochondrial ATP hydrolase. Compounds (e.g., 13) with 3R,4S-stereochemistry act as mitochondrial KATP openers. This resulted from an inversion of stereochemistry for the F1F0 mitochondrial ATP hydrolase vs mitochondrial KATP. Structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of mitochondrial ATP hydrolase are also delineated. It is not clear how 13 (3R,4S) can selectively inhibit the hydrolytic activity of the F1F0 mitochondrial enzyme without interfering with the synthase activity.
Development Testing of a Paraffin-Actuated Heat Switch for Mars Rover Applications (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A paraffin-actuated heat switch has been developed for thermal control of the batteries used on the 2003 Mars Exploration Rovers. The heat switch is used to reject heat from the rover battery to a radiator. This paper describes the development test program designed, in part, to measure the thermal conductance of the heat switch in an 8 Torr CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; environment over the expected operating temperature range of the battery. The switch has a closed conductance of about 0.6 W/°C and an open conductance of 0.019 W/°C. The test program also included measuring the battery temperature profile over a hot case and a cold case Mars diurnal cycle. The test results confirm that the battery will remain well within the upper and lower allowable flight temperatures in both cases.&lt;/div&gt;
New inductor current feedback control with active harmonics injection for inverter stage of solid state transformer (2010)

Solid state transformer (SST) is considered the key unit for power processing and conversion in the future distributed renewable energy network. The role of SST is to enable the active management of distributed energy resources, energy storage devices and different type of loads in a distribution grid. Inverter stage of SST supplies sinusoidal voltage to the users. In this paper an improved inductor current control based on active harmonics injection is proposed to overcome the drawback of inferior performance of conventional inductor current feedback control for the nonlinear loads. The inductor current overshoot during the load transient is investigated by using both capacitor current feedback control and inductor current feedback control. The inductor current feedback control has the capability to limit current overshoot even with a smaller inductor, which shows the potential to further reduce the size and weight of the passive components.
Dispersion in magnetization transfer contrast at a given specific absorption rate due to variations of RF pulse parameters in the magnetization transfer preparation (1997)

The effects of RF pulse parameters on magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) were investigated using a magnetization prepared segmented fast gradient echo sequence. MTC was found not to be uniquely determined by the specific absorption rate (SAR). RF pulse parameters (RF amplitude, number of RF pulses and RF duration) also affect MTC. There can be 40% variation in MTC due to differences in RF parameters at SAR = 1 W/kg for a 70-kg subject. Increasing the number of RF pulses is a more efficient way to increase MTC than increasing RF amplitude. This phenomenon is likely caused by the fact that the time scale for magnetization transfer between the free and restricted proton pools is on the same order or longer than the duration of the MT pulse. Accordingly, increase in the MT pulse duration by increasing the number of RF pulses in the MT pulse allows more effective magnetization transfer. Such information can be used as a guide to select RF pulse parameters for a magnetization transfer (MT) pulse. An off-resonance MT pulse designed under this guide for coronary MR angiography improved the depiction of distal vessels.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE METHOD FOR REGIOSPECIFIC HYDROXYLATION OF RESORCINOL DIETHERS (1984)

Abstract 1,3‐Dimethoxybenzole (I) und Di‐tetrahydropyranyl‐olivetol (III) werden mit m‐Chlorperbenzoesäure selektiv in 4‐Stellung monohydroxyliert.