gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complications associated with stellate ganglion nerve block: a systematic review (2019)

Stellate ganglion nerve blockade (SGNB) is a vital tool in our armamentarium for the treatment of various chronic pain syndromes. SGNB can be performed using the traditional landmark-based approach, or with image guidance using either fluoroscopy or ultrasound. In this review, we systematically analyzed reported SGNB-related complications between 1990 and 2018. Seven databases were queried for SGNB between January 1, 1990 and November 27, 2018. Search results of the complications associated with SGNB were reported as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Out of a total of 1909 articles, 67 articles met our inclusion criteria, yielding 260 cases with adverse events. In 134 of the 260 (51.5%) cases, SGNB was performed with image guidance. Sixty-four (24.6%) and 70 (26.9%) of the complication cases reported the use of ultrasound and fluoroscopy guidance, respectively. One hundred and seventy-eight (68.4%) patients had medication-related or systemic side effects, and 82 (31.5%) had procedure-related or local side effects. There was one report of death due to massive hematoma leading to airway obstruction. There was one case report of quadriplegia secondary to pyogenic cervical epidural abscess and discitis following an SGNB. Complications following SGNB have been reported with both landmark-based techniques and with imaging guidance using fluoroscopy or ultrasound. In our systematic review, most adverse events that were reported occurred during or shortly after SGNB. Vigilance, American Society of Anesthesiologists standard monitors for conscious sedation, and accessibility to resuscitation equipment are vital to the safe performance of SGNB.
Dependence of fluorescent protein brightness on protein concentration in solution and enhancement of it (2016)

Fluorescent proteins have been widely used in biology because of their compatibility and varied applications in living specimens. Fluorescent proteins are often undesirably sensitive to intracellular conditions such as pH and ion concentration, generating considerable issues at times. However, harnessing these intrinsic sensitivities can help develop functional probes. In this study, we found that the fluorescence of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) depends on the protein concentration in the solution and that this dependence can be enhanced by adding a glycine residue in to the YFP; we applied this finding to construct an intracellular protein-crowding sensor. A Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair, involving a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) insensitive to protein concentration and a glycine-inserted YFP, works as a genetically encoded probe to evaluate intracellular crowding. By measuring the fluorescence of the present FRET probe, we were able to detect dynamic changes in protein crowding in living cells.
Anomaly Detection of Functional Programs Based on Global Dataflow Analysis (1990)

Abstract This paper proposes a new anomaly detection algorithm based on the global dataflow analysis, considering the first‐order functional program. The anomaly detection is made concerning two points: the irrelevant object which does not affect the result by evaluation; and the diverged object which will fall in an infinite loop without being terminated if an evaluation is made. The detection algorithm is based on the global functional analysis technique which determines the computation path arriving at the result of computation. Because of this property, the algorithm has a higher detection ability than the cross‐reference analysis, which simply traces the syntactic definition and reference relation. Using the proposed algorithm, the bug which may diverge the computation is detected effectively automatically, and is often produced in the program using a stream which is conceptually an infinite list.
Protective Effect of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Sargassum muticum against Ultraviolet B–Irradiated Damage in Human Keratinocytes (2011)

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytoprotective properties of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum muticum (SME) against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cell damage in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). SME exhibited scavenging activity toward the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). SME also scavenged the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction (FeSO(4) + H(2)O(2)), which was detected using electron spin resonance spectrometry. In addition, SME decreased the level of lipid peroxidation that was increased by UVB radiation, and restored the level of protein expression and the activities of antioxidant enzymes that were decreased by UVB radiation. Furthermore, SME reduced UVB-induced apoptosis as shown by decreased DNA fragmentation and numbers of apoptotic bodies. These results suggest that SME protects human keratinocytes against UVB-induced oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant activity in cells, thereby inhibiting apoptosis.
A voltage control strategy for current-regulated PWM inverters (1996)

Alternative voltage control strategies for current-regulated PWM inverters are analyzed, including previously established feedforward and feedforward/feedback controllers and a newly proposed decoupling feedback control strategy. The steady-state and dynamic characteristics of each of these control methods are illustrated and compared for a selected inverter design. It is shown that the feedforward controller exhibits steady-state error and an undesirable overshoot of the output voltages during startup. The addition of a feedback loop eliminates the steady-state error and reduces the overshoot; however, the natural response is underdamped regardless of the choice of feedback gains. A decoupling feedback control strategy that eliminates the disadvantages of the feedforward and feedforward/feedback controllers is described. Using the decoupling feedback controller, it is possible to eliminate the steady-state error and place the closed-loop poles wherever desired. Moreover, if the closed-loop poles are selected appropriately, it is possible to eliminate the overshoot of the output voltages during startup transients.
Mutations in CHLOROPLAST RNA BINDING provide evidence for the involvement of the chloroplast in the regulation of the circadian clock in Arabidopsis (2007)

The Arabidopsis circadian system regulates the expression of up to 36% of the nuclear genome, including many genes that encode photosynthetic proteins. The expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthesis genes is also regulated by signals from the chloroplasts, a process known as retrograde signaling. We have identified CHLOROPLAST RNA BINDING (CRB), a putative RNA-binding protein, and have shown that it is important for the proper functioning of the chloroplast. crb plants are smaller and paler than wild-type plants, and have altered chloroplast morphology and photosynthetic performance. Surprisingly, mutations in CRB also affect the circadian system, altering the expression of both oscillator and output genes. In order to determine whether the changes in circadian gene expression are specific to mutations in the CRB gene, or are more generally caused by the malfunctioning of the chloroplast, we also examined the circadian system in mutations affecting STN7, GUN1, and GUN5, unrelated nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins known to be involved in retrograde signaling. Our results provide evidence that the functional state of the chloroplast may be an important factor that affects the circadian system.
Generating text summaries of graph snippets (2013)

With the availability of large entity-relationship graphs, finding the best relationship between entities is a problem that has attracted a lot of attention. Given two or more entities, the goal of most algorithms is to produce a graph structure of varying complexity (i.e., a simple path, a minimal weighted tree, or a dense subgraph etc.) as a way of characterizing the relationship between given entities. However, no attention is paid to the interpretability of these results -- i.e., the ability of humans to read these and comprehend the context in which these relationships exist. A key obstacle in this direction is the lack of necessary linguistic context and natural textual result formulations.We pursue the idea of using entity-centric summarization as a way of closing this gap. We aim to turn the resulting graph structures into one or more coherent textual snippets (or summaries) that can be easily read and interpreted. In this short position paper, we first outline two different scenarios that result in slightly different formulations of the problem. Based on preliminary experimental results, we discuss the challenges that are inherent in this setting.
Accurate and High Sensitivity Identification of PNH Clones by Flow Cytometry (2018)

Flow cytometry performs a key role in the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Careful selection and validation of antibody conjugates have allowed the development of reagent cocktails suitable for the high sensitivity detection of PNH red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) in PNH and related diseases such as aplastic anemia (AA) and some subsets of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). A CD235a-FITC/CD59-PE assay was developed capable of detecting Type III PNH RBCs at a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.01% or better. While separate 4-color Fluorescent Aerolysin (FLAER), CD24, CD15 and CD45-based neutrophil and FLAER, CD14, CD64 and CD45-based monocyte assays were developed to detect PNH WBC phenotypes, 5-, 6- and 7-color assays have subsequently been developed for more modern cytometers equipped with five or more fluorescence detectors. For instrumentation with five detectors, a single tube 5-color FLAER, CD157, CD15, CD64 and CD45-based assay to simultaneously detect PNH neutrophils and monocytes has been developed. For instruments with six or more detectors and multiple lasers, a variety of 5-, 6- and 7-color assays have been developed using combinations of FLAER, CD24, CD14 and CD157. All WBC assays have a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1% or better. Using these standardized approaches, results have demonstrated good intra- and inter-laboratory performance characteristics even in laboratories with little prior experience performing PNH testing.
A flexible UWB Transmitter for breast cancer detection imaging systems (2010)

This paper presents a flexible architecture for an integrated Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Transmitter capable of generating pulses suited for breast cancer detection imaging systems. A flexible design allows the generation of a large variety of UWB signals fully compatible with the ones used in real experiments in recent state-of-the-art. Flexibility and high degree of programmability of the mixed-signal system allow also to compensate for non-ideal effects of building blocks through a digital calibration. It is also shown how not only internal non-idealities are accounted for but also how channel and antenna responses can be compensated for through a digital pre-emphasis of UWB pulses. The circuit is designed on a 130 nm CMOS technology and simulated at transistor-level. Simulations showed 2% maximum NRMSE pulse error with respect to ideal Gaussian and Modulated and Modified Hermite Polynomial (MMHP) Matlab templates.
Prolonged follow‐up after initial therapy with 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine in patients with indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (2006)

2-CdA is an active, well-tolerated therapy for patients with untreated, indolent NHL.
3-DOF outer rotor electromagnetic spherical actuator (2015)

Conventionally, many single-degree-of-freedom actuators were used to realize devices with multi degrees of freedom. However, this makes the structure larger, heavier and more complicated due to the large number of actuators. To remove these drawbacks, the development of a spherical actuator with multi degrees of freedom is necessary, and various spherical actuators have been developed, including our own. However some problems such as low torque, large size and narrow rotation range remain. To solve these problems, the employment of an outer rotor structure is one of the solutions. In this paper, we propose a new 3-DOF outer rotor spherical actuator and its control methods. The basic construction and operating principle are described. The static torque characteristics and dynamic characteristics are computed employing 3-D FEM, in which two types of control methods are taken into account and finally verify it by the measurement on a prototype.
18: Algorithmen 1, Vorlesung, SS 2018, 25.06.2018 (2018)

18 | 0:00:00 Starten 0:00:32 Rückblich Vorlesung 18.06 0:02:48 Kürzeste Wege: Definition 0:04:13 Dijkstras Algorithmus 0:08:01 Dijkstra: Negative Kantengewichte 0:21:54 Negative Zyklen 0:28:26 Zurück zu Basiskonzepten 0:31:34 Mehr Basiskonzepte 0:33:21 Allgemeines Korrektheitskriterium 0:33:52 Bellman-Ford-Algorithmus 0:40:31 Negative Kreise 0:53:56 Azyklische Graphen 0:58:07 Kürzeste Wege: Zusammenfassung 1:03:52 Exkurs: Routing in Straßennetzwerken 1:10:33 Distanz zu einem Zielknoten 1:11:56 Ideen für Routenplanung 1:13:54 Transit Node Routing
Highly Blue Luminescent Triazine−Amine Conjugated Oligomers (2005)

[Reaction: see text]. The novel synthetic strategy and optical properties of highly fluorescent, triazine-amine conjugated oligomers are described herein. Under basic conditions, aromatic dinitrile compounds, NC-C6H4-X-C6H4-CN (X = NMe, O, CH2), underwent cyclic trimerization of the cyano groups at both ends to give a series of triazine-containing oligomers. The oligomers can be expressed as (2n + 1) mer, where n represents the number of triazine rings in the oligomer. The absorption maximum of an amine-conjugated trimer (X = NMe, n = 1) was outstandingly red-shifted as compared with those of the other trimers (X = CH2, O). In acidic media, the amine-conjugated trimer showed two-step bathochromic shifts caused by protonation. The absorption maxima of the amine-conjugated (2n + 1) mers (X = NMe, n = 1-4) did not depend on n; instead, shoulder peaks appeared in the long-wavelength region when n 2. The oligomers involving alternate conjugation of triazines and NMe groups through phenylene groups showed strong fluorescence in chloroform. In particular, the pentamer was the most efficient blue emitter (PhiF = 0.82). The other triazine-containing oligomers (X = CH2, O) did not show fluorescence at all. Therefore, it is concluded that the emission properties are due to the strong electron-donating and accepting abilities of the NMe and triazine moieties, respectively.
Physical solutions of the Kitaev honeycomb model (2012)

We investigate the exact solution of the Kitaev honeycomb model and derive an explicit formula for the projector onto the physical subspace. We show that in general there is a fundamental difference between the exact solutions of the projected and unprojected models. We consider physically relevant quantities such as spin-spin correlations and vortex energies and show that their true value can be substantially different from the one calculated in the unprojected space. Our projection protocol makes it possible to numerically study large spin models, intractable by direct diagonalization, whenever Kitaev’s exact mapping is applicable.
Optimal Patrolling Strategies for Trees and Complete Networks (2022)

We present solutions to a continuous patrolling game played on network. In this zero-sum game, an Attacker chooses a time and place to attack a network for a fixed amount of time. A Patroller patrols the network with the aim of intercepting the attack with maximum probability. Our main result is the proof of a recent conjecture on the optimal patrolling strategy for trees. The conjecture asserts that a particular patrolling strategy called the E-patrolling strategy is optimal for all tree networks. The conjecture was previously known to be true in a limited class of special cases. The E-patrolling strategy has the advantage of being straightforward to calculate and implement. We prove the conjecture by presenting $\varepsilon$-optimal strategies for the Attacker which provide upper bounds for the value of the game that come arbitrarily close to the lower bound provided by the E-patrolling strategy. We also solve the patrolling game in some cases for complete networks.
Analysis of the Spectrum of Seven-Times-Ionized Molybdenum (Mo viii) and Isoelectronic Comparison of the Spectra Y v—Mo viii (1972)

The spectrum of Mo viii has been observed in a sliding-spark discharge with a 5-m grazing-incidence spectrograph. The analysis has yielded nearly all levels of the 4p44d configuration that can combine with the 4p5 2P ground term. Six of the eight levels of the 4p45s configuration given previously by Charles and by Chaghtai were confirmed. New values were found for the remaining two. The 4s24p44d+4s24p45s+4s4p6 level structure has been theoretically interpreted, with configuration-interaction effects included. The 4s4p6²S12 level was found to have a 21% 4s24p4(1D)4d2S character and the 4s24p4(¹D)4d²S12 level a 19% 4s4p6 2S character. The energy parameters determined by a least-squares fit to the observed level values are compared with Hartree–Fock (HF) calculations. The ionization energy is estimated to be 144.0 ± 1.0 eV. Isoelectronic comparisons for the level positions in Y v, Zr vi, Nb vii, and Mo v are given graphically. The ratios of the fitted energy parameters to the HF values are compared for these ions.
Testability and Software Robustness: A Systematic Literature Review (2015)

The concept of software testability has been researched in several different dimensions, however the relation of this important concept with other quality attributes is a grey area where existing evidence is scattered. The objective of this study is to present a state-of-the-art with respect to issues of importance concerning software testability and an important quality attribute: software robustness. The objective is achieved by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) on the topic. Our results show that a variety of testability issues are in focus with observability and controllability issues being most researched. Fault tolerance, exception handling and handling external influence are prominent robustness issues in focus.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Methylen‐1‐cyclopentene aus Methylencyclopropanen und Alkinyl‐trimethylsilanen. (1985)

Abstract Durch Addition der Alkine (II) an die Methylencyclopropane (I) in Gegenwart des Katalysatorsystems (III)/ (IV) werden die isomeren Methylencyclopentene (V)‐(VII) gebildet, deren Mengenverhältnis von den Substituenten R 1 ‐R3 abhängt (Tab.
[Multiphasic spiral computed tomography in hepatocarcinoma. An evaluation following different percutaneous ablative procedures]. (1999)

Multiple-phase helical CT allows optimal depiction of primitive liver nodules treated with percutaneous interventional procedures and has a central role in the assessment of tumor response. Accurate is also the evaluation of changes or complications involving the surrounding parenchyma. Regarding the ablation effect, two typical features can be identified: after total necrosis nodular volume is unchanged or increased, borders are well-defined, and density is low and homogeneous (especially in delayed phases), while after partial necrosis the diameter is not modified, margins are ill-defined, attenuation is less decreased, and peripheral tumor maintains high density in arterial phase and low density in delayed phases. As for the treatment procedure, we found that thermal ablation with radiofrequency and single-session ethanol injection cause more evident alterations within both nodule and hepatic parenchyma, while after multi-session ethanol injection changes are less dramatic and consequently more difficult to assess.
Pesticidal Impact on Leafminers and Parasites in Celery, 1982 (1984)

Abstract ‘Tall Utah 52-70 R’ celery was transplanted 5 Aug. at the Univ. of California South Coast Field Stn. in Santa Ana, Calif. The crop was sprinkle irrigated for 3 weeks and drip irrigated thereafter. Experimental plots were three beds wide (40-in centers) by 50 ft long with one untreated buffer row between plots. Each bed contained two rows of plants 6 to 8 in apart. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticides were applied weekly with a tractor mounted boom sprayer from 19 Aug. to 28 Oct. As plant height increased, nozzles varied from 1 to 3 per row and carrier (H2O) increased from 50 to 100 gal/acre. Hollow cone nozzles incorporated D3 orifice disks, #25 cores and 50-mesh screens. All treatments except MK-936 contained 0.04% spreader-sticker (Leaf Act 40). Beet armyworm damage was based on number of damaged plants found in 50 randomly selected plants per replicate from the center bed at harvest. Leafminer pupae were collected weekly from four pupal trays (4 by 8 in) per replicate and inserted between rows. Number of dead parasites were also counted. At harvest the number of mined leaves per plant for 4 plants per replicate was recorded as an index of leafminer activity.
Association Between Adolescent Internet Gaming and Adult Problematic Web-Based Board Gaming (2021)

<b>Introduction:</b> The results of studies comparing the characteristics of Internet gaming with those of Internet gambling have been controversial. We hypothesized that problematic web-based board gaming behaviors are associated with psychological and social interaction factors. We also hypothesized that non-problematic adolescent Internet gaming is a protective factor against problematic web-based board gaming and that problematic Internet gaming is a predictive factor for problematic web-based board gaming. <b>Methods:</b> We recruited 104 adults who reported engaging in web-based gaming. All participants were asked to complete the Problematic Web Board Gameplay Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale (K-AADHD), Family Environmental Scale (FES), Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS), and questionnaires on their web-based board gaming patterns and Internet gaming history. <b>Results:</b> Problematic web-based board gamers showed a lower history of adolescent Internet gaming but a greater rate of problematic Internet gaming compared with healthy web-based board gamers. Moreover, problematic web-based board gamers showed an increase in CES-D, STAI, K-AADHD, and SADS scores but decreased FES scores compared with healthy web-based board gamers. Joblessness; less experience as an Internet gamer; a history of problematic Internet gaming; higher CES-D, STAI, and K-AADHD scores; and lower FES scores were significant predictors of problematic web-based board gaming. <b>Discussion:</b> Psychological, social, and environmental factors can positively influence problematic Web-based board gaming. Healthy Internet gaming during adolescence may play a preventive role in adult problematic web-based board gaming. However, because adolescent problematic Internet gaming tends to lead to problematic web-based board gaming, measures should be taken to prevent it.