gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Residue Logarithmic Number System: Theory and Implementation (2005)

The residue logarithmic number system (RLNS) represents real values as quantized logarithms which, in turn, are represented using the residue number system (RNS). Compared to the conventional logarithmic number system (LNS) in which quantized logarithms are represented as binary integers, RLNS offers faster multiplication and division times. RLNS and LNS use a table lookup involving all bits for addition. The width, dynamic range, precision and naive table size of RLNS (with careful moduli selection) is as good as those for conventional LNS. Conventional LNS can be more efficient than naive addition lookup. First, commutativity allows interchanging arguments. Second, the addition function is often essentially zero, and does not have to be tabulated. In binary, comparisons are easy. In residue, comparisons are slow. Although RLNS inherently demands comparison, this paper shows a novel way comparisons can be performed in parallel to the lookup from a small table. This paper also describes a novel tool that generates synthesizable Verilog, making RLNS viable in practical applications that can benefit from shorter multiply and divide times.
Neutrinoless double beta decay results from CUORE-0 and status for CUORE experiment (2016)

International audience
X-Ray Diffraction data from Prefusion RSV F Glycoprotein In Complex with Inhibitor JNJ-2408068, source of 5EA3 structure (2016)

Native dataset
Review of Digital Filter Design and Implementation Methods for 3-D Sound (1997)

In this paper, we discuss methods for digital filter design with application to 3-D sound. A review of existing filter design methods for binaural and transaural processing is presented. New methods that take into account the nonuniform frequency resolution of the human ear are explored. Listening tests have been performed to determine the subjective preference of different designs. 0 INTRODUCTION Measurements and models of head-related impulse responses (HRIR) and the corresponding frequency domain transfer functions (head-related transfer function, HRTF) of human subjects or dummy heads are the source of information for the research of spatial hearing and applications of binaural technology (see, e.g., [1] - [5] for fundamentals on these subjects). These transfer functions evaluated at discrete azimuth and elevation angles are sufficient for the synthesis of realistic three-dimensional sound events for headphone or loudspeaker listening. One of the problems in 3-D sound synthesis, h...
GaNFET compact model for linking device physics, high voltage circuit design and technology optimization (2015)

This work is the first demonstration of a physics-based GaN HEMT compact model that is calibrated and verified all the way from individual device-to a HV-buck converter circuit, along with an illustration of use in technology optimization. GaN HEMT based high voltage (HV) switching converters are gaining foothold in the medium voltage (<;1000 V) power conversion applications. The superior breakdown voltage, operating frequency, and high temperature performance of GaN HEMTs enable improved conversion efficiency and smaller footprint of the converters [1]. In order to design such high voltage GaN circuits, the device compact model must accurately describe static and dynamic switching behavior to enable designers to gain insight into the impact of the behavioral nuances of the GaN HEMTs on HV circuit performance, such as non-quasi-statics, which is not possible with the available models such as EEHEMT, Curtice, and Angelov models [2]. The model is validated against DC-IV, -CV, and pulsed-IV measurements of fabricated devices and is then verified by comparing measured and simulated signals in a commercial buck converter. Furthermore we demonstrate that our physics-based model can be used as a device design and multi-dimensional optimization tool to estimate device parameters such as field plate (FP) lengths and FP dielectric thicknesses (td) to maximize the switching figure-of-merit (FoM), BV/RonQg.
Editorial: Understanding the concept of pre-clinical autoimmunity (2022)

The concept of autoimmune disease covers at least 80 different conditions. Each of these diseases is relatively rare, but together they have been estimated to occur in 7.6-9.4 percent of the US population (1). Autoimmune diseases occur most often in females, typically during childbearing years, and contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality in this age group (2). Over the last two decades, a combination of translational, clinical, and epidemiological research has led to the concept in Figure One of the central tenants of immunology is tolerance to self, with central and peripheral immunologic mechanisms designed to prevent the occurrence of self-reactive T or B cells. Thus, the "normal" immune system is envisioned as one without demonstrable high affinity IgG autoantibodies or activated self-reactive T cells. However, some types of asymptomatic autoimmunity are relatively common. For example, anti-nuclear antibodies are found in at least 15% of asymptomatic individuals (3), including young children (4). The boundary between autoantibody-negative and autoantibody-positive (Transition 1) is clear-cut, as it is defined with standardized laboratory testing. What is less clear is the importance, if any, of the presence of laboratory defined autoimmunity in the absence of signs or symptoms of immune-mediated pathology in an individual patient.
Combination of bioelectrochemical systems and electrochemical capacitors: Principles, analysis and opportunities (2019)

Bioelectrochemical systems combine electrodes and reactions driven by microorganisms for many different applications. The conversion of organic material in wastewater into electricity occurs in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The power densities produced by MFCs are still too low for application. One way of increasing their performance is to combine them with electrochemical capacitors, widely used for charge storage purposes. Capacitive MFCs, i.e. the combination of capacitors and MFCs, allow for energy harvesting and storage and have shown to result in improved power densities, which facilitates the up scaling and application of the technology. This manuscript summarizes the state-of-the-art of combining capacitors with MFCs, starting with the theory and working principle of electrochemical capacitors. We address how different electrochemical measurements can be used to determine (bio)electrochemical capacitance and show how the measurement data can be interpreted. In addition, we present examples of the combination of electrochemical capacitors, both internal and external, that have been used to enhance MFC performance. Finally, we discuss the most promising applications and the main existing challenges for capacitive MFCs.
Self‐Assembly of Bowl‐Shaped Naphthalimide‐Annulated Corannulene (2019)

Abstract The self‐assembly of a bowl‐shaped naphthalimide‐annulated corannulene of high solubility has been studied in a variety of solvents by NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Evaluation by the anti‐cooperative K 2 ‐ K model revealed the formation of supramolecular dimers of outstanding thermodynamic stability. Further structural proof for the almost exclusive formation of dimers over extended aggregates is demonstrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) measurements as well as by theoretical calculations. Thus, herein we present the first report of a supramolecular dimer of an annulated corannulene derivative in solution and discuss its extraordinarily high thermodynamic stability with association constants up to &gt;10 6 M −1 in methylcyclohexane, which is comparable to the association constants given for planar phthalocyanine and perylene bisimide dyes.
Evaluation of Wireless Control for Variable Rate Irrigation (2006)

Development of a variable rate irrigation control system allows producers to maximizewater efficiency, while minimizing the effects on their productivity. This research evaluated theperformance of an irrigation system for variable rate water application with real-time wireless control and monitoring. A self-propelled linear sprinkler system with a program logic controller (PLC) waswirelessly interfaced with a base computer located 700 m away by using Bluetooth radio modules.GUI-based user-friendly software was developed to receive GPS locations of the irrigation cart andsend control signals to sprinklers every second either automatically or manually. The base computerreceived geo-referenced positional information of the irrigation cart from a differential globalpositioning system (DGPS) and sent control signals to execute 30 solenoid valves via real-timewireless communication. Individual control for all 30 sprinkler nozzle banks was identified and theperformance of the four selected banks was quantified with measurement of water collected by catchcans that were uniformly distributed on soil surface across the field. Catch can readings compared toirrigation amount showed about 200 ml difference of water between two irrigation patterns and nosignificant transition differences on both GPS-based automatic and GUI-based users irrigationcontrols at wind speed of 9-20 km/h. The benefit of the real-time wireless irrigation system will extendto a closed-loop control for automated irrigation system with in-field sensing feedback of plant andsoil conditions.
Mechanism of the anti-tumour effect of biochemotherapy in melanoma: preliminary results (1994)

During the conduct of a biochemotherapy trial in which cisplatin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (CVD) were administered concurrently with interleukin-2 (IL-2) plus interferon-alpha 2a (IFN-alpha 2a) (biochemotherapy) in advanced melanoma, we performed a series of laboratory studies in an attempt to understand better the mechanism of anti-tumour effect of the regimen. We initially hypothesized that CVD enhanced the anti-tumour effect of the biotherapy. However, in the first 10 patients studied, of whom eight were responders, we observed no lymphokine-associated killer cell (LAK) and minimal natural killer (NK) cell activities. This prompted us to change our initial hypothesis. Based on the work of others which showed a marked synergism between IL-1 alpha and cisplatin, apparently mediated by H2O2 derived from tumour-infiltrating macrophages, we reasoned that the biotherapy could enhance the cytotoxicity of the CVD regimen. To evaluate macrophage function, we measured serum neopterin levels in eight responders and seven non-responders. An increase of six or more times above baseline levels was observed in seven out of eight responders but in only two of seven non-responders (P = 0.041). We also examined the level of DNA inter-strand cross-link in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in four responders and four responders, as a means to evaluate the DNA repair process. A DNA cross-link index > or = 0.75 was observed in all four responders but only in one non-responder (P = 0.14). Our preliminary results suggest that concurrent biochemotherapy may exert its predominant anti-tumour effect by direct cytotoxicity and that macrophages may be involved in this process.
Double-Stage Phase-Diversity (DSPD) Optical Receiver: A New Scheme Having the Advantages of Heterodyning and Homodyning (1989)

The double-stage phase-diversity (DSPD) scheme proposed in this paper features phase-diversity-type optical homodyne detection, and phase-diversity-type frequency up-conversion producing heterodyne-like second IF signal. It has the advantages of both heterodyning and homodyning. Results of a simulation experiment are presented.
Adaptive symplectic model order reduction of parametric particle-based Vlasov-Poisson equation (2022)

High-resolution simulations of particle-based kinetic plasma models typically require a high number of particles and thus often become computationally intractable. This is exacerbated in multi-query simulations, where the problem depends on a set of parameters. In this work, we derive reduced order models for the semi-discrete Hamiltonian system resulting from a geometric particle-in-cell approximation of the parametric Vlasov-Poisson equations. Since the problem's non-dissipative and highly nonlinear nature makes it reducible only locally in time, we adopt a nonlinear reduced basis approach where the reduced phase space evolves in time. This strategy allows a significant reduction in the number of simulated particles, but the evaluation of the nonlinear operators associated with the Vlasov-Poisson coupling remains computationally expensive. We propose a novel reduction of the nonlinear terms that combines adaptive parameter sampling and hyper-reduction techniques to address this. The proposed approach allows decoupling the operations having a cost dependent on the number of particles from those that depend on the instances of the required parameters. In particular, in each time step, the electric potential is approximated via dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and the particle-to-grid map via a discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM). These approximations are constructed from data obtained from a past temporal window at a few selected values of the parameters to guarantee a computationally efficient adaptation. The resulting DMD-DEIM reduced dynamical system retains the Hamiltonian structure of the full model, provides good approximations of the solution, and can be solved at a reduced computational cost.
Effects of Chlorpyrifos on High-Affinity Choline Uptake and [3H]Hemicholinium-3 Binding in Rat Brain (1996)

High, subcutaneous doses of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) in adult male rats can be well-tolerated despite extensive and persistent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. We propose that changes in acetylcholine synthesis could modulate the toxicity associated with extensive AChE inhibition following CPF exposure. High-affinity choline uptake (HACU, the rate-limiting step in acetylcholine synthesis) and binding to [3H]-hemicholinium-3 (HC-3, a specific ligand for the choline transporter) were chosen as indicators of acetylcholine synthesis. Female, Sprague-Dawley rats (220–280 g) were treated with either vehicle (peanut oil, 2 ml/kg, sc) or CPF (280 mg/kg, 2 ml/kg, sc), examined daily for clinical signs of toxicity, and sacrificed 1, 2, or 7 days later for neurochemical measurements {AChE inhibition, muscarinic receptor binding using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) and [3H]cis-methyldioxolane (CD) as ligands, HACU and [3H]HC-3 binding} in frontal cortex. Despite extensive AChE inhibition (90–93%) at all time points, relatively minor degrees of overt toxicity were noted in CPF-treated rats. Binding to the non-selective muscarinic antagonist [3H]QNB was reduced (10–34%), whereas binding to the putative m2-selective agonist [3H]CD was increased (15–23%) at all three time points. HACU was reduced (20%) in crude synaptosomes prepared from CPF-treated rats 1 day following exposure but no significant changes were noted at 2 or 7 days after treatment. CPF-oxon, the active oxidative metabolite of CPF, was a weak inhibitor of HACU in vitro (IC50>200 μM). Binding to [3H]HC-3 was reduced in a dose-related manner 1 day after CPF exposure. Kinetic analyses of [3H]HC-3 binding 1 day after CPF (280 mg/kg) indicated a significant reduction in density {Bmax: control, 187±18 fmol/mg protein; CPF, 104±12 fmol/mg protein) with no apparent change in binding affinity (Kd: control, 25±3 nM; CPF, 19±3 nM). These results suggest that a reduction in HACU/acetylcholine synthesis may contribute, along with compensatory changes in cholinergic receptors, to the diminished toxicity following extensive AChE inhibition by CPF.
Osmolytes (1992)

The cells of the renal medulla osmotically adapt to chronic alterations in extracellular tonicity by appropriate changes in the intracellular contents of organic osmoeffectors. The major organic osmolytes are glycerophosphorylcholine, betaine, myo-inositol, sorbitol, and, possibly, taurine. When the concentrations of poorly permeant external solutes are acutely reduced, cells that have been adapted to high tonicities rapidly release organic osmolytes via specific transmembrane transport pathways. In contrast, when medullary cells are depleted of organic osmolytes, osmolyte accumulation on acute elevation of external tonicity is slow and involves stimulation of uptake, intracellular de novo synthesis, or inhibition of intracellular degradation, and is preceded by increased intracellular electrolyte concentrations. The available evidence suggests that this rise in intracellular ionic strength plays an important role in the initiation of those processes responsible for full adaptation of renal medullary cells to high tonicities. Recently, complementary DNAs encoding a myo-inositol and a betaine transporter have been isolated.
Interaction between UMTS MAC scheduling and TCP flow control mechanisms (2004)

The goal of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is the delivery of multimedia services to the mobile user. Each different service requires its specific quality of service (QoS) to satisfy the mobile user. The QoS requirements will be supported by several protocol layers. In this paper, the interaction between the medium access control (MAC) scheduling and the transmission control protocol (TCP) flow control mechanisms at the UMTS radio interface is presented. Whereas the MAC is responsible to guarantee delay and throughput requirements at the radio interface, TCP realizes an end-to-end flow control. Nevertheless both protocols show dependencies on each other that might reduce the data transmission efficiency. In this paper, the overall performance of Internet applications running over TCP by using different MAC scheduling strategies is discussed. A UMTS radio interface simulator (URIS) is used to emulate the standardized UMTS protocol stack and the TCP/IP protocol suite. Simulation results of QoS parameters depict the performance of the mobile applications over UMTS.
Robust Classification of Crisis-Related Data on Social Networks Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

The role of social media, in particular microblogging platforms such as Twitter, as a conduit for actionable and tactical information during disasters is increasingly acknowledged. However, time-critical analysis of big crisis data on social media streams brings challenges to machine learning techniques, especially the ones that use supervised learning. The scarcity of labeled data, particularly in the early hours of a crisis, delays the learning process. Existing classification methods require a significant amount of labeled data specific to a particular event for training plus a lot of feature engineering to achieve best results. In this work, we introduce neural network based classification methods for identifying useful tweets during a crisis situation. At the onset of a disaster when no labeled data is available, our proposed method makes the best use of the out-of-event data and achieves good results.
Reactions of unsaturated fatty alcohols. XIII. copolymers of unsaturated fatty vinyl ethers and cyclic monomers (1962)

Abstract Conjugated linseed, conjugated soybean, and nonconjugated linseed vinyl ethers were copolymerized with various cyclic comonomers. The comonomers used were dihydroabietyl, cyclohexyl, 5‐norbornene‐2‐methyl, di‐ and tetra‐hydrodicyclopentadienyl vinyl ethers, and cyclo‐and methylcyclo‐pentadiene. All copolymers containing a cyclic comonomer gave baked films that are distinctly superior to unmodified drying oils or vinyl ether homopolymers in hardness and alkali resistance. Several of these copolymers air‐dried overnight to moderately hard, wrinkle‐free films. The improvement in hardness and alkali resistance may be caused by the steric effects of the cyclic comonomers. These hold the fatty side chains apart thus increasing the proportion of intermolecular to intramolecular crosslinking.
Assessment of 1p/19q status by fluorescence in situ hybridization assay: A comparative study in oligodendroglial, mixed oligoastrocytic and astrocytic tumors (2009)

Loss of 1p/19q is strongly associated with oligodendroglial phenotype, while astrocytic tumors are more likely to show p53 over-expression. p53 expression and 1p/19q status appear to be mutually exclusive.
On Combined Rate and Power Adaptation for Indoor Wireless Environments (2018)

This paper presents a detailed study for indoor wireless environments, where transmit power, rate and target bit error rate (BER) are varied to increase spectral efficiency. The study is conducted for the recently proposed joint fading and two-path shadowing (JFTS) channel model, which is shown to be accurate for modeling non-Gaussian indoor WLAN environments. Analysis is done for both average and instantaneous BER constraints without channel coding, where only a discrete finite set of constellations is available. Numerical results show that, for a JFTS channel i) varying only the transmission rate (modulation constellation size) achieves more improvement in spectral efficiency compared to varying transmit power only, and ii) varying rate and/or power subject to instantaneous BER (I-BER) constraint offers better performance than when subject to average BER (A-BER) constraint.
Toxicity of Residues of Bromophos and Ronnel to House Flies as Influenced by Several Surfaces123 (1971)

Journal Article Toxicity of Residues of Bromophos and Ronnel to House Flies as Influenced by Several Surfaces Get access J. W. Slominski, J. W. Slominski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. L. Gojmerac, W. L. Gojmerac Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. E. Burkholder W. E. Burkholder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 64, Issue 2, 1 April 1971, Pages 550–551, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/64.2.550 Published: 01 April 1971 Article history Received: 20 August 1970 Published: 01 April 1971
Relation between Bond Length and Stretching Frequency for the Carbonyl Group (1954)

A plot is shown of bond length vs stretching frequency of the carbonyl group in a series of compounds containing this group. For bond lengths ranging from 1.13 to 1.31A, the average distance of the points from a smooth curve is 0.013A.
Estrogen receptor analyses. Correlation of biochemical and immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antireceptor antibodies. (1985)

Attempts at histochemical localization of estrogen receptor with anti-steroid antibody or some fluoresceinated estrogens have given unacceptable sensitivities and specificities when compared with biochemical methods or clinical response. In the present study a monoclonal antibody against estrogen receptor (H222 Sp gamma) was used on cryostat sections of freshly frozen breast tumors with a peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunoperoxidase technique. Biochemical receptor analyses were by dextran-coated charcoal analyses. Tumors from three separate cohorts of patients were studied as follows: population A, 62 primary breast cancers from 1983; population B, 72 primary lesions stored from 1976 to 1983; and population C, 23 patients with metastases, treated with hormonal therapy. Distinct staining was seen in the cell nucleus. A semiquantitative relationship was seen between histochemical score assessment of staining and biochemical assay in each cohort. The sensitivity and specificity using a threshold of 75 for the histochemical score and more than 20 femtomoles/mg of protein for dextran-coated charcoal analyses were as follows: population A, specificity, 89%, and sensitivity, 95%; population B, specificity, 94%, and sensitivity 88%; and for population C, the comparison was with objective clinical response yielding specificity, 89%, and sensitivity, 93%.