gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excitatory amino acids in synaptic excitation of rat striatal neurones in vitro. (1988)

1. Intracellular recordings were made from rat striatal neurones in vitro. The cells had resting membrane potentials greater than -60 mV and action potentials greater than 70 mV with spike overshoot of 10-30 mV. 2. In the presence of bicuculline intrastriatal stimulation evoked an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). The relationship between EPSP amplitude and membrane potential was not linear. The EPSP decreased in amplitude and duration for values of membrane potential more negative than -80 mV and increased in amplitude and duration for values of membrane potential more positive than -50 mV. 3. The mean reversal potential for the EPSP recorded with electrodes filled with potassium methyl-sulphate was -9.2 +/- 1.7 mV (mean +/- S.E.M.) in presence of bicuculline (30 microM). A similar reversal potential was obtained with CsCl-filled electrodes. 4. The endogenous broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist, kynurenic acid (100-500 microM), reduced the EPSP in a dose-dependent way, maximally by 80% at 500 microM, but a residual depolarization remained even at high antagonist concentrations. This effect was associated sometimes with a membrane depolarization and an increase in input resistance. 5. In normal artificial cerebro-spinal fluid solution and at resting membrane potential the specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, (D,L)-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (([D,L)-AP7), did not affect the EPSP amplitude. However, this antagonist partially reduced the EPSP amplitude when the membrane was depolarized beyond -50 mV by intracellular current injection. 6. The nicotinic cholinergic antagonist mecamylamine (10 microM) caused a partial (24 +/- 3%) reduction of EPSP amplitude at resting potential in normal medium. However, in the cells where a reduction of EPSP amplitude was observed it was always accompanied by membrane depolarization (7.1 +/- 2.1 mV). (+)-Tubocurarine and hexamethonium were without effect at 10 microM. 7. When Mg2+ was removed from the bathing solution, the EPSP increased in amplitude (89 +/- 9.5%) and duration. In Mg2+-free medium at resting membrane potential (D,L)-AP7 (30 microM) partially reduced EPSP amplitudes (59 +/- 2.5%). 8. It is proposed that a major component of the EPSP evoked by intrastriatal stimulation is mediated by excitatory amino acids. At resting membrane potential and in normal medium only non-NMDA receptors seem to contribute to the synaptic depolarization, but at depolarized potentials and in Mg2+-free medium an NMDA receptor-mediated component of the EPSP can be demonstrated.
Conformal mesh and two-step tomographic imaging of the Supelec breast phantom (2016)

The realistic breast phantom developed by the French team at Supelec provides an excellent opportunity to explore various measurement systems and associated algorithms. In this case there is a known ground truth for the geometry of the segmented regions for direct comparison of images with actual sizes, shapes and locations of the different features. It also allows for testing utilizing a range of dielectric materials for both the adipose and fibroglandular region which can be useful given the disparity of published property values. For this experiment, we are exploring our tomographic imaging algorithm with a log transformation in the context of restricting the imaging zone strictly to that space occupied by the phantom. In this case, the 2-dimensional perimeter of the breast was approximated by a simple ellipse which was extracted from the original image. All images were recovered without the assistance of a priori information and also included our 2-step imaging scheme. Simple parameter tests were performed to assess the limitations of the technique, especially when the imaging zone was not accurately determined. The final results were also analyzed by examination of histograms of the field residuals to assess whether the algorithm is robust and unbiased.
One-pot chemical pyro- and tri-phosphorylation of peptides by using diamidophosphate in water (2022)

Protein (pyro)phosphorylation is emerging as a post-translational modification (PTM) in signalling pathways involved in many cellular processes. However, access to synthetic pyrophosphopeptides that can serve as tools for understanding protein pyrophosphorylation is quite limited. Herein, we report a chemical phosphorylation method that enables the synthesis of pyrophosphopeptides in aqueous medium without the need for protecting groups. The strategy employs diamidophosphate (DAP) in a one-pot sequential phosphorylation-hydrolysis of mono-phosphorylated peptide precursors. This operationally simple method exploits the intrinsic nucleophilicity of a phosphate moiety installed on serine, threonine or tyrosine residues in complex peptides with excellent chemoselectivity and good yields under mild conditions. We demonstrate the installation of the pyrophosphate group within a wide range of model peptides and showcase the potential of this methodology by selectively pyrophosphorylating the highly functionalized Nopp140 peptide fragment. The potential to produce higher (poly)phosphorylated peptides was demonstrated as a proof-of-principle experiment where we synthesized the triphosphorylated peptides using this one-pot strategy.
Excimer laser crystallization of silicon films for AMLCDs (2002)

Poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated by a low-temperature process on glass substrates are being actively investigated as a fundamental technology for the next generation of active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs). The mobility of poly-Si TFTs exceeds that of conventional a-Si TFT active devices by over two orders of magnitude, permitting integration of peripheral drive circuits and increased aperture. Perfection of this technology promises the high definition, compactness, reduced cost, and increased reliability that is being demanded by the next generation of LCD panels. The key to establishing this low-temperature poly-Si TFT technology is the development of technology to form high-mobility, uniform poly-Si films on low-cost glass substrates. The author introduces research trends in this technology and future developments and problems, based on the the recrystallized poly-Si films using the excimer laser annealing method.
Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Packet Multiplexer for Multiservice Networks with Delay Guarantees (1994)

A major challenge for the design of multiservice networks with quality of service guarantees is an efficient implementation of a bounded delay service, that is, a service that guarantees maximum end-to-end delays for every packet from a single traffic stream. A crucial component of a bounded delay service is the packet multiplexing technique employed at network switches that must keep the variable statistical multiplexing delays below a predetermined threshold. To achieve a high utilization of network resources, the multiplexing technique must be sufficiently sophisticated to support a variable set of delay bounds for a large number of traffic streams. On the other hand, since multiplexing of packets is to be performed at the data rate of the network links, the complexity of the multiplexer should be strictly limited. A novel packet multiplexing technique, called Rotating Priority Queues (RPQ), is presented which exploits the tradeofl&#39; between efficiency, i.e., the ability to support many connections with delay bounds, and low complexity. The operations required by the RPQ multiplexer are similar to those of the simple, but inefficient, Static Priority (SP) multiplexer. The overhead of RPQ, as compared to SP, consists of a periodic rearrangement (rotation) of the priority queues. It is shown that queue rotations can be implemented by updating a set of pointers. The efficiency of RPQ can be made arbitrarily close to the highly efficient, yet complex, Earliest Deadline First (EDF) multiplexer. Exact expressions for the worst case delays in an RPQ multiplexer are derived and compared to expressions for an EDF multiplexer. Note: Abstract extracted from PDF file via OCR
Magnetic resonance image—directed stereotactic neurosurgery: use of image fusion with computerized tomography to enhance spatial accuracy (1995)

Distortions of the magnetic field, such as those caused by susceptibility artifacts and peripheral magnetic field warping, can limit geometric precision in the use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in stereotactic procedures. The authors have routinely found systematic error in MR stereotactic coordinates with a median of 4 mm compared to computerized tomography (CT) coordinates. This error may place critical neural structures in jeopardy in sme procedures. A description is given of an image fusion technique that uses a chamfer matching algorithm; the advantages of MR imaging in anatomical definition are combined with the geometric precision of CT, while eliminating most of the anatomical spatial distortion of stereotactic MR imaging. A stereotactic radiosurgical case is presented in which the use of MR localization alone would have led to both irradiation of vital neural structures outside the desired target volume and underdose of the intended target volume. The image fusion approach allows for the use of MR imaging, combined with stereotactic CT, as a reliable localizing technique for stereotactic neurosurgery and radiosurgery.
Folate and cancer: A review of the literature (1994)

Folate, a water-soluble vitamin, part of the vitamin B complex, plays an important role in methylation reactions and DNA/RNA synthesis. This review examines the experimental and epidemiological evidence for the association between folate status and risk of cancer. Data have accumulated indicating that low folate status may promote carcinogenesis. Low folate levels are associated with cytogenetic abnormalities in vivo and in vitro. Findings from animal studies are conflicting and suggest that the effect of folate on neoplasia depends on factors such as the animal and tumor model, the type, timing, dose, and length of application of carcinogen, the stage of carcinogenesis, and the level and form of folate administered. Epidemiological studies examined the association between folate and cancer of the cervix, colorectum, lung, esophagus, and brain and suggest that low folate status may play an important role early in the neoplastic process. The potential for inhibition of precursor lesions in the cervix and colorectum, namely, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and adenomatous polyps, respectively, is of particular interest. Additional research designed to clarify the role of folate in carcinogenesis is warranted.
Light‐driven proton transport of bacteriorhodopsin incorporated into long‐term stable liposomes of a polymerizable sulfolipid (1983)

The chromoprotein bacteriorhodopsin from Halobacterium halobium has been incorporated into liposomes made of a fully synthetic, polymerizable lipid. Bacteriorhodopsin is found to be active in these polymer liposomes. The advantage in the use of such polymer systems concerning long‐term stability in comparison with liposomes made of natural lipid is demonstrated.
Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridazine Amino Acid Derivatives by a Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of 1,2-Diaza-1,3-dienes with Dehydroalanine Esters. (2013)

A highly efficient formal inverse electron demand aza Diels–Alder reaction of 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes (DDs) is accomplished using dehydroalanine esters (DhAs) as electron-rich dienophiles. Both diastereoisomers of unprecedented ,-disubstituted cyclic tetrahydropyridazine amino acids were obtained in excellent yields, in refluxing acetonitrile without activation. Keywords: Cycloaddition reaction, dehydroalanine esters, 1, 2-Diaza-1, 3-dienes, N, N-disubstituted quaternary center, nitrogen heterocycles, tetrahydropyridazine amino acids.
Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Natural Compounds from Betel Leaves (Piper betle L.) for Investigating the Potential Inhibition of Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase of Type 2 Diabetes (2022)

<i>Piper betle</i> L. is widely distributed and commonly used medicinally important herb. It can also be used as a medication for type 2 diabetes patients. In this study, compounds of <i>P. betle</i> were screened to investigate the inhibitory action of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase against type 2 diabetes through molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) analysis. The molecule apigenin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside showed the highest binding affinity among 123 (one hundred twenty-three) tested compounds. This compound simultaneously bound with the two-target proteins alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, with high molecular mechanics-generalized born surface area (MM/GBSA) values (ΔG Bind = -45.02 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> for alpha-amylase and -38.288 for alpha-glucosidase) compared with control inhibitor acarbose, which had binding affinities of -36.796 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> for alpha-amylase and -29.622 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup> for alpha-glucosidase. The apigenin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside was revealed to be the most stable molecule with the highest binding free energy through molecular dynamics simulation, indicating that it could compete with the inhibitors' native ligand. Based on ADMET analysis, this phytochemical exhibited a wide range of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and drug-like qualities and had no significant side effects, making them prospective drug candidates for type 2 diabetes. Additional in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations are needed to determine the precise efficacy of drugs.
Fast Updates on Read-Optimized Databases Using Multi-Core CPUs (2011)

Read-optimized columnar databases use differential updates to handle writes by maintaining a separate write-optimized delta partition which is periodically merged with the read-optimized and compressed main partition. This merge process introduces significant overheads and unacceptable downtimes in update intensive systems, aspiring to combine transactional and analytical workloads into one system. In the first part of the paper, we report data analyses of 12 SAP Business Suite customer systems. In the second half, we present an optimized merge process reducing the merge overhead of current systems by a factor of 30. Our linear-time merge algorithm exploits the underlying high compute and bandwidth resources of modern multi-core CPUs with architecture-aware optimizations and efficient parallelization. This enables compressed in-memory column stores to handle the transactional update rate required by enterprise applications, while keeping properties of read-optimized databases for analytic-style queries.
A Temperature Sensor Based on a Polymer Optical Fiber Macro-Bend (2013)

The design and development of a plastic optical fiber (POF) macrobend temperature sensor is presented. The sensor has a linear response versus temperature at a fixed bend radius, with a sensitivity of . The sensor system used a dummy fiber-optic sensor for reference purposes having a resolution below 0.3 °C. A comprehensive experimental analysis was carried out to provide insight into the effect of different surrounding media on practical macro-bend POF sensor implementation. Experimental results are successfully compared with bend loss calculations.
Improving flexible macroblock ordering of H.264/AVC (2009)

H.264/AVC is the latest video coding standard from ITU-T. It provides superior and efficient video coding at low bit rates. Flexible Macroblocks Ordering (FMO) is an error-resilient tool included in H.264/AVC. In this paper, a novel technique for adaptive classification of macroblocks into two slice groups using FMO method is proposed. With our adaptive macroblocks allocation map, simulation results have shown the improved FMO works better with the error concealment tool in H.264/AVC. Simulations also show that our approach performs nearly as well as the chess-board pattern but has better coding efficiency.
Mechanisms of Molecular Manipulation with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope at Room Temperature: Chlorobenzene/Si(111)−(7×7) (2003)

We report a systematic experimental investigation of the mechanism of desorption of chlorobenzene molecules from the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface induced by the STM at room temperature. We measure the desorption probability as a function of both tunneling current and a wide range of sample bias voltages between -3 V and +4 V. The results exclude field desorption, thermally induced desorption, and mechanical tip-surface effects. They indicate that desorption is driven by the population of negative (or positive) ion resonances of the chemisorbed molecule by the tunneling electrons (or holes). Density functional calculations suggest that these resonant states are associated with the pi orbitals of the benzene ring.
Experienced qualitative researchers’ views on teaching students qualitative research design (2021)

The increasing prominence of qualitative inquiry in psychological research has been accompanied by reflection on teaching and learning practices within undergraduate and postgraduate psychology courses. To date, there is limited empirical understanding of how experienced qualitative researchers approach teaching students about qualitative research design. The present study draws on interviews with qualitative researchers (N = 12) from multiple disciplines, occupying various positions within academia. Using thematic analysis, seven themes were developed, under the superordinate theme present qualitative research as a legitimate approach to enquiry. The themes illuminate practical pedagogical implications for teaching qualitative research, including introducing qualitative research in bite-sized chunks and initiating students to qualitative inquiry through foundational methods. The findings contextualise the teaching of qualitative methods as a site of multiple tensions, for example, balancing pragmatism and idealism, and providing structure to students while enabling flexibility. Educators and supervisors of qualitative research navigate these tensions in their teaching practice to provide students with what they see as the best possible learning experiences. We call for further research to build a profile of evidence-based pedagogical practice for teaching qualitative research, while also acknowledging the fluidity needed to embrace changing epistemologies, methodologies, methods, and data sources.
Corrosion behaviour of single layered ZrNxOy thin films in artificial sweat solutions (2004)

Applications of coloured thin films can be found on the production of high-quality consumer products, such as eyeglass frames, wristwatch casings and wristbands. These components should possess scratch and corrosion resistant surfaces through the desired lifetime. Recently, metal oxynitrides, MeNxOy (Me = early transition metal) were proposed for decorative applications. In these materials, variations on the amount of oxygen allow the film properties to be tailored, originating a wide range of colours. Additionally, these materials should also fulfil the wear and corrosion requirements above referred. In the present work the corrosion behaviour of single layered zirconium oxynitride, ZrNxOy films, immersed in artificial sweat solutions, is described. Films were produced by rf reactive magnetron sputtering at a constant substrate temperature of 300 ºC, from a pure Zr target. The main processing variable was the flow rate of reactive. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation tests and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at different immersion times, at room temperature. The corrosion resistance of the films is strongly affected by the O/N ratio. A slight tendency to improving the corrosion resistance of the films was found with the increasing in the atomic fraction of oxygen. Nevertheless, pitting was found in all samples. However, the amount of pits seems to be strongly dependent not only on the composition of the film, but also on the processing-induced defects distribution.
Excess Volumes of Binary Mixtures of 1,4-Dioxane with Heptane, Tetradecane, and Cyclohexane at 323, 350, and 364 K and at Pressures around 7, 17, and 22 MPa (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcess Volumes of Binary Mixtures of 1,4-Dioxane with Heptane, Tetradecane, and Cyclohexane at 323, 350, and 364 K and at Pressures around 7, 17, and 22 MPaEva Gawronska, Laurent Dordain, Jean-Yves Coxam, Jacques R. Quint, and Jean-Pierre E. GrolierCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1995, 40, 6, 1257–1261Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/je00022a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (387 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Single stage dual purpose offline HB-LED driver with power factor correction for illumination and visible light communication (2014)

In this paper a dual purpose offline LED driver using Single Stage Buck-Boost Buck (S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) converter for illumination control and Visible Light Communications (VLC) with Power Factor Correction (PFC) is presented. The (S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) converter is designed to operate buck-boost section in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) with constant duty ratio to provide inherent power factor correction (PFC). The buck section of the converter is operated in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) with Average Current Mode Control (ACMC) to realize a constant current source for LED loads. LEDs when switched ON and OFF with megahertz frequencies will facilitate VLC along with illumination. Data transfer and illumination control are achieved through Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM) and high frequency dimming respectively. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed dual purpose converter with PFC for a 500 lm output with 110/120V AC input are presented.