gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organic Semiconductor Nanoparticle Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution from Water (2019)

Photocatalytic water splitting using solar irradiation has the potential to produce sustainable hydrogen fuel on a large scale. Practical solar energy conversion requires the development of new, stable photocatalysts that operate efficiently under a broad range of visible wavelengths. Organic semiconductors are increasingly being employed as photocatalysts due to their earth abundance, aqueous stability, and optical absorptions that can be tuned to the solar spectrum. However, much remains unknown about the mechanism of organic semiconductor photocatalysis, and significant efficiency improvements need to be made before organic photocatalysts can achieve practical solar energy conversion. In chapter 2 the effect of residual Pd on hydrogen evolution activity in conjugated polymer photocatalysts was systematically investigated using colloidal poly(9,9- dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) nanoparticles (NPs). Residual Pd, originating from the synthesis of F8BT via Pd catalysed polycondensation polymerisation, was observed in the form of homogenously distributed Pd NPs within the polymer. Residual Pd was essential for any hydrogen evolution to be observed from this polymer, and very low Pd concentrations (&lt;40 ppm) were sufficient to have a significant effect on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rate. The HER rate increased linearly with increasing Pd concentration from &lt;1 ppm to approximately 100 ppm, at which point the rate began to saturate. Transient absorption spectroscopy experiments support these conclusions and suggest that residual Pd mediates electron transfer from the F8BT NPs to protons in the aqueous phase. Photocatalysts formed from a single organic semiconductor typically suffer from inefficient intrinsic charge generation, which leads to low photocatalytic activities. In chapter 3 we demonstrate that incorporating a heterojunction between a donor polymer and non-fullerene acceptor in organic NPs can result in hydrogen evolution photocatalysts with greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity. Control of the nanomorphology of these NPs was achieved by varying the stabilizing surfactant employed during NP fabrication, converting it from a core-shell structure to an intermixed donor/acceptor blend, and increasing H2 evolution by an order of magnitude. The resulting photocatalysts display an unprecedentedly high H2 evolution rate of over 60,000 µmolh-1g -1 under 350 to 800 nm illumination and external quantum efficiencies over 6% in the region of maximum solar photon flux.
Compiling PCRE to FPGA for accelerating SNORT IDS (2007)

Deep Payload Inspection systems like SNORT and BRO utilize regular expression for their rules due to their high expressibility and compactness. The SNORT IDS system uses the PCRE Engine for regular expression matching on the payload. The software based PCRE Engine utilizes an NFA engine based on certain opcodes which are determined by the regular expression operators in a rule. Each rule in the SNORT ruleset is translated by PCRE compiler into an unique regular expression engine. Since the software based PCRE engine can match the payload with a single regular expression at a time, and needs to do so for multiple rules in the ruleset, the throughput of the SNORT IDS system dwindles as each packet is processed through a multitude of regular expressions.
Experimental Investigation of a Membrane Distillation System Using Solar Evacuated Tubes (2019)

Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) has been studied as a promising solution in the desalination industry but it has not been widely accepted or commercialized due to energy and cost concerns. MD is considered as a hybrid method that involves phase-change thermal processes and the use of membrane separation. Unlike conventional pressure-driven membrane methods such as reverse osmosis (RO), MD does not require intensive pre-treatment and can operate at lower pressure with higher salinities; but more importantly, it can utilize low-grade heat sources such as solar energy or waste heat for its operation. In this paper, an innovative MD module to directly employ solar thermal energy to assist in desalination is studied. MD systems that use solar energy as an external heater is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The proposed system, however, integrates hollow-fiber distillation membranes inside evacuated tubes solar collectors. As a result, the temperature is more uniformly distributed, minimizing the effect of temperature polarization, one of the key challenges of MD operation, thus can enhance the MD performance. The technical performance of the system is measured experimentally. The results of the proposed system are compared with a conventional MD process to investigate improvements in water production.
Medium PRF for the AN/APG-66 radar (1985)

This paper discusses the medium pulse repetition frequency (PRF) pulse doppler mode of the AN/APG-66, the multimode fire control radar for the F-16A/B aircraft. This radar is currently in production and as of January 1984 over 1700 have been delivered. Included is a discussion of the three PRF types: high, low, and medium PRF, leading to the conclusion that for an airborne, look-down application the medium PRF waveform is the best choice. System tradeoffs between a high peak power and a low peak power transmitter are discussed which show that when only a medium PRF waveform is required, the high peak power transmitter yields better performance. Some system design considerations concerning the PRF selection and sidelobe clutter are also included. Finally, the radar mechanization is presented. The AN/APG-66 radar in general, and its medium PRF mode in particular, have undergone extensive operational evaluation and the results have been excellent. The radar has met or exceeded its performance design specifications and the field reliability has been outstanding. For example, for the year 1983 the MTBF was 102.9 h based on 64 204 operating hours from two operational air bases.
[Persistent shoulder symptoms in calcific tendinitis: clinical and radiological predictors]. (2018)

RCCT is not self-limiting. Radiological variations have no significant predictive value. We identified specific prognostic factors for inferior long-term outcome; more intensive follow-up and treatment should be considered in patients with these characteristics.
Evaluation of different heat transfer conditions on an automotive turbocharger (2014)

This article presents a combination of theoretical and experimental investigations for determining the main heat fluxes within a turbocharger. These investigations consider several engine speeds and loads as well as different methods of conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer on the turbocharger. A one-dimensional heat transfer model of the turbocharger has been developed in combination with simulation of a turbocharged engine that includes the heat transfer of the turbocharger. Both the heat transfer model and the simulation were validated against experimental measurements. Various methods were compared for calculating heat transfer from the external surfaces of the turbocharger, and one new method was suggested. The effects of different heat transfer conditions on the heat fluxes of the turbocharger were studied using experimental techniques. The different heat transfer conditions on the turbocharger created dissimilar temperature gradients across the turbocharger. The results show that changing the convection heat transfer condition around the turbocharger affects the heat fluxes more noticeably than changing the radiation and conduction heat transfer conditions. Moreover, the internal heat transfers from the turbine to the bearing housing and from the bearing housing to the compressor are significant, but there is an order of magnitude difference between these heat transfer rates.
A New Species of the Genus Acrodontium De Hoog from India (1977)

Summary Acrodontium album sp. nov. is described and illustrated. The only strain of the new amylolytic and keratinolytic species had been isolated from forest soil by hair bait technique. Zusammenfassung Acrodontium album sp. nov. wird als neue Art der Hyphomycetes (Deuteromycota) beschrieben und illustriert. Der einzige vorhandene Stamm der Species zeigt amylolytische und keratinolytische Eigenschaften; er war aus Waldboden mit Hilfe einer Haar‐Köder‐Technik isoliert worden.
Camera geometries for image matching in 3-D machine vision (1989)

The location of a scene element can be determined from the disparity of two of its depicted entities (each in a different image). Prior to establishing disparity, however, the correspondence problem must be solved. It is shown that for the axial-motion stereo camera model the probability of determining unambiguous correspondence assignments is significantly greater than that for other stereo camera models. However, the mere geometry of the stereo camera system does not provide sufficient information for uniquely identifying correct correspondences. Therefore, additional constraints derived from justifiable assumptions about the scene domain and from the scene radiance model are utilized to reduce the number of potential matches. The measure for establishing the correct correspondence is shown to be a function of the geometrical constraints, scene constraints, and scene radiance model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Occipital horn asymmetry in children (1980)

In 75 young neurological patients ranging in age from 5 months to nearly 18 years, the left occipital horn was longer than the right in 29 instances whereas the right was longer than the left in only 13 cases (p < 0.025). Elongations of the right occipital horn as well as symmetrical horns were associated with cerebral damage incurred prior to the end of the first year of life (p = 0.06).
Prevalence of storage and voiding symptoms among men aged 40 years and older in a US population-based study: results from the Male Attitudes Regarding Sexual Health study (2007)

Careful attention to individual symptoms may help distinguish storage LUTS from voiding LUTS, a distinction that has important implications for treatment.
The digital computation of discrete spectra using the fast Fourier transform (1970)

This paper is devoted to a discussion of discrete spectrum analysis which is important in applicational areas such as sonar and replica correlation. The discrete Fourier transform is shown to arise naturally as a consequence of finite impulsive sampling and the fast Fourier transform is introduced as the most efficient means of computing the discrete Fourier transform. These are described in terms of parameters pertinent to digital sonar signal processing, including resolution, dynamic range, and processing gain. Computational accuracy is investigated as a function of word lengths associated with the data, kernels, and intermediate transforms for both conditional and automatic array scaling. In real-time equipment, it is frequently necessary to employ some sort of automatic gain control and such a device is investigated here. Results are presented which enable specification of word length and automatic gain control requirements as a function of desired dynamic range, input signal-to-noise ratio, and mean-square error at the quantizer output.
Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Material in Fibre Form (1996)

Photonic crystals are formed of periodically structured dielectric material, the pitch or period of the structure being of the order of the optical wavelength. A novel property of photonic crystal materials is they can be designed so as to exhibit photonic bandgaps, i.e. frequency ranges in which there are no propagating modes in the material. Some interesting consequences of such photonic band gaps occur for waves propagating out-of-plane in two-dimensionally materials. One possibility is to fabricate low-loss waveguides which guide soley by Bragg reflection. This could be done by using a 2-D structure which is effectively infinite in the third dimension, and which exhibits a bandgap in its transmission characteristics for waves which have a certain wavevector component beta =k along the structure. By purposefully introducing some kind of which is embedded in the crystal structure we can create a spatially localized region where such a wave can exist - a defect appears in the band structure of the material. Light in this state would be unable to leak away from the through the crystal material, but would travel along the with propagation constant beta.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleotides. Part 70. Inhibition of HIV‐1 Replication by Chemically Synthesized, Nuclease‐Resistant, Nontoxic (2′→5′)‐Oligoadenylate Agonists. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Computer Based Quality Assessment of Hospital Capillary Blood Glucose Monitoring (1990)

A quality control (QC) programme to continually monitor the reliability of hospital ward capillary blood glucose levels has been developed based on a memory blood glucose meter interfaced to a portable microcomputer. Over a 38-week period some 12,500 ward QC tests were performed by approximately 200 accredited operators. Although the mean weekly coefficients of variation were all less than 15%, there was a marked variation between wards, with the frequency of testing of patients the major factor influencing reliability. However an external laboratory-based QC programme suggested a high degree of proficiency which was not achieved by any ward on internal QC assessment.
Feature Size Effects in Ar/Cl2 Chemically Assisted Ion Beam Etching of InP-based Photonic Crystals (2006)

This work addresses feature size effects (the lag-effect and roughness development) in chemically assisted ion beam etching (CAIBE) etching of InP-based photonic crystals. Photonic crystal fields with varying hole size and periods were etched with different etching times. The slope of the etch depth versus diameter curves (lag-curves) reveals an aspect-ratio dependence, with an etch limiting aspect ratio of the order of 25. A model of the etch rate specific to Ar/Cl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> CAIBE is proposed. We calculate the etch rate using a physico-chemical model which takes in to account the effect of Ar-ion sputtering and surface chemical reactions. In addition, it combines the aspect ratio dependence of the gas conductance of the etched holes. Finally, the bottom roughness of the etched holes is examined; its origin and evolution are discussed
The Physical Action of Cellulases Revealed by a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study Using Ultrathin Cellulose Films and Pure Cellulases (2007)

The effects of fungal cellulases on model cellulose films were studied using a high-resolution quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensitive to minute changes of the nanometer thick model cellulose films. It was found that endoglucanases not only produce new end groups but also cause a swelling of the cellulose film. The cellobiohydrolases degraded the films quickly, which was detected as a rapid decrease in the remaining amount of cellulose on the QCM crystal. However, changing viscoelastic properties of the films also indicated a softening of the film during the degradation. A defined mixture of selected cellulases caused a significantly higher rate of degradation than only cellobiohydrolases. Cellulase synergism is discussed with the endoglucanase swelling effects and film softening added.
Long Distance Transmission Using Optical Regeneration (2008)

Principles of 2R and 3R optical regeneration for long haul transmission systems are presented, and recirculation loop assessment experiments of this technique are reviewed and discussed.
Connectionist models as neural abstractions (1987)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Effects of Different Control Methods on the Buck-Buck Cascaded System (2021)

Control methods often play important roles in the converters to improve characteristics. This paper takes the buck-buck cascaded system as an example to study the influence of different control methods on the system’s performance especially for stability and dynamic response. Different from the stability evaluation method of the cascaded system discussed in the previous literature, this paper studies a more complex situation, when the front stage converter operates with the sub harmonic oscillation and connected with a buck converter. Besides, to evaluate the transient performance with different control methods, four transfer functions are proposed. Finally simulations verify the above analysis. It indicates that three basic control methods which are voltage control, peak current mode control and V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> control perform similarly in term of the stability, and as for the transient performance, when V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> control is adopted to the both converters of the studied system, the cascaded system has a better transient performance compared to the other two basic control methods.
Oxidation of Key Methionine Residues in the N-Terminal Domains of ADAMTS13 Correlates with Loss of Its Proteolytic Activity, (2011)

Abstract Abstract 3276 Deficiency of ADAMTS13 is associated with a life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathic disease—thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), which is characterized by the accumulation of aggregates of hyper-reactive ultra-large von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelets in the microvasculature. In addition to TTP, systemic inflammatory syndromes such as acute systemic inflammation caused by endotoxin, acute pancreatitis, and severe sepsis demonstrate reduced ADAMTS13 activity. The cause of low ADAMTS13 activity is not known. One possible cause is oxidative inactivation of the enzyme by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a potent oxidant released from activated neutrophils that is known to damage proteins. In this study, we exposed ADAMTS13 to HOCl produced by a myeloperoxidase (MPO)-H2O2-Cl− system and measured the proteolytic activity of oxidized ADAMTS13 using a small VWF A2 peptide and plasma VWFas substrates. ADAMTS13 activity decreased as a function of oxidant concentration. Treatment with 25 nM MPO plus 50 μM H2O2 reduced ADAMTS13 activity by over 85%. Such concentrations of MPO and H2O2 are routinely found in vivo at sites of inflammation. ADAMTS13 contains a series of structural domains: a metalloprotease domain (M), a disintegrin-like domain (D), a thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSP1,T), a Cys-rich domain (C), a spacer domain (S), 7 additional TSP1 repeats, and 2 CUB domains. The MDTCS domains are essential for its proteolytic activity, while the C-terminal TSP1 and CUB domains may act as modulators. The MDTCS region contains 10 Met residues, Met being the amino acid residue most vulnerable to oxidation by HOCl. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 7 Met-containing peptides in this region after proteolytic digestion of ADAMTS13. Three of these 7 methionines are highly sensitive to oxidation by HOCl, including M249, M331 and M496. M249 is situated in the ”Met-turn” at the catalytic center of the metalloprotease domain. M331 and M496 are located in the disintegrin-like domain and the Cys-rich domain, respectively. The extent of oxidation of these Met residues was proportional to the HOCl concentration, and strongly correlated with loss of enzymatic activity. The same three Met residues were also oxidized after exposure of ADAMTS13 to activated human neutrophils. These observations suggest an oxidative mechanism for ADAMTS13 inactivation in systemic inflammatory syndromes and that the oxidation-sensitive Mets may serve as biomarkers for this effect. Coupled with our earlier observation that HOCl oxidation of von Willebrand factor enhances its adhesive function and renders it resistant to cleavage by ADAMTS13, these findings indicate that pathological situations during which neutrophils are activated produce extremely prothrombotic conditions, perhaps explaining why many inflammatory syndromes are associated with thrombosis in small and large blood vessels. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Preferential Binding of Yeast Rad4·Rad23 Complex to Damaged DNA (1998)

The yeast Rad4 and Rad23 proteins form a complex that is involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER). Their function in this process is not known yet, but genetic data suggest that they act in an early step in NER. We have purified an epitope-tagged Rad4.Rad23 (tRad4. Rad23) complex from yeast cells, using a clone overproducing Rad4 with a hemagglutinin-tag at its C terminus. tRad4.Rad23 complex purified by both conventional and immuno-affinity chromatography complements the in vitro repair defect of rad4 and rad23 mutant extracts, demonstrating that these proteins are functional in NER. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we show preferential binding of the tRad4.Rad23 complex to damaged DNA in vitro. UV-irradiated, as well as N-acetoxy-2-(acetylamino)fluorene-treated DNA, is efficiently bound by the protein complex. These data suggest that Rad4.Rad23 interacts with DNA damage during NER and may play a role in recognition of the damage.
EFFECTS OF ENDOTHELIAL NOS ANTAGONISM ON ENDOTHELIAL NOS EXPRESSION WITHIN THE VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA AND CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES DURING STATIC SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION (2007)

We have previously shown that blockade of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) within the rostral (RVLM) and caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) differentially modulates cardiovascular responses via changes in glutamate and GABA concentrations during static skeletal muscle contraction ( Neuroscience Research 52 :–30, 2005). In this study, we determined if microdialyzing a specific eNOS antagonist into the RVLM and CVLM would affect cardiovascular responses via molecular changes in eNOS protein expression during the exercise pressor reflex using anesthetized rats. Bilateral microdialysis of a selective eNOS antagonist, 7‐nitroindazole (1μM), for 120 min into the RVLM potentiated cardiovascular responses during a static muscle contraction. At the end of the experiment, western blot analysis of eNOS within both RVLM showed a significant attenuation of the protein expression when compared to control animals microdialyzed with vehicle. In contrast, bilateral application of the drug into the CVLM attenuated cardiovascular responses during muscle contractions. There was an increased eNOS protein expression within the CVLM. These results demonstrated that the molecular mechanism by which eNOS antagonism within the RVLM and CVLM modulated the exercise pressor reflex was via altering eNOS protein expressions.