gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for the determination of sorption equilibria and sorption enthalpy used for MOF aluminium fumarate with water (2020)

Adsorption chillers offer an environmentally friendly solution for the valorisation of waste or solar heat for cooling demands. A recent application is high efficiency data centre cooling, where heat from CPUs is used to drive the process, providing cooling for auxiliary loads. The metal organic framework aluminium fumarate with water is potentially a suitable material pair for this low temperature driven application. A targeted heat exchanger design is a prerequisite for competitiveness, requiring, amongst other things, a sound understanding of adsorption equilibria and adsorption enthalpy. A novel method is employed for their determination based on small isothermal and isochoric state changes, applied with an apparatus developed initially for volume swing frequency response measurement, to samples with a binder-based adsorbent coating. The adsorption enthalpy is calculated through the Clausius–Clapeyron equation from the obtained slopes of the isotherm and isobar, while the absolute uptake is determined volumetrically. The isotherm confirms the step-like form known for aluminium fumarate, with a temperature dependent inflection point at prel ≈ 0.25, 0.28 and 0.33 for 30 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C. The calculated differential enthalpy of adsorption is 2.90 ± 0.05 MJ/kg (52.2 ± 1.0 kJ/mol) on average, which is about 10–15% higher than expected by a simple Dubinin approximation.
A decision scheme to indicate dominant hydrological flow processes on temperate grassland (2003)

Abstract A decision scheme has been developed to indicate the likely dominant runoff forming on temperate grassland hill slopes. The decision scheme was developed from data collected from sprinkler experiments on 60 m 2 plots at a number of grassland sites in Switzerland. The scheme requires input of hydrological properties of the surface and each major horizon of the soil. Worked examples of the application of the decision scheme to determine the dominant hydrological processes and runoff types are given for three actual grassland hill slopes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Functional expression of the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor in human iPSC-derived astrocytes (2023)

Activation of the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), implicated in numerous diseases of the brain, can trigger diverse responses such as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of neurotransmission, cell proliferation or cell death. However, despite the known species-specific differences in its pharmacological properties, to date, most functional studies on P2X7R responses have been analyzed in cells from rodents or immortalised cell lines. To assess the endogenous and functional expression of P2X7Rs in human astrocytes, we differentiated human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into GFAP and S100 β-expressing astrocytes. Immunostaining revealed prominent punctate P2X7R staining. P2X7R protein expression was also confirmed by Western blot. Importantly, stimulation with the potent non-selective P2X7R agonist 2',3'-O-(benzoyl-4-benzoyl)-adenosine 5'- triphosphate (BzATP) or endogenous agonist ATP induced robust calcium rises in hiPSC-derived astrocytes which were blocked by the selective P2X7R antagonists AFC-5128 or JNJ-47965567. Our findings provide evidence for the functional expression of P2X7Rs in hiPSC-derived astrocytes and support their in vitro utility in investigating the role of the P2X7R and drug screening in disorders of the central nervous system (CNS).
Cerveau droit, cerveau gauche (1994)

A partir du fonctionnement des deux cerveaux, le droit (l'instinct) et le gauche (le raisonnement), le professeur L. Israel etudie le sentiment d'appartenance a un groupe, les symboles, les rites et les nombres, les productions artistiques et les differences structurelles entre les civilisations.
An integrated mosquito small RNA genomics resource reveals dynamic evolution and host responses to viruses and transposons (2020)

ABSTRACT Although mosquitoes are major transmission vectors for pathogenic arboviruses, viral infection has little impact on mosquito health. This immunity is due in part to mosquito RNA interference (RNAi) pathways that generate antiviral small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). RNAi also maintains genome integrity by potently repressing mosquito transposon activity in the germline and soma. However, viral and transposon small RNA regulatory pathways have not been systematically examined together in mosquitoes. Therefore, we developed an integrated Mosquito Small RNA Genomics (MSRG) resource that analyzes the transposon and virus small RNA profiles in mosquito cell cultures and somatic and gonadal tissues across four medically important mosquito species. Our resource captures both somatic and gonadal small RNA expression profiles within mosquito cell cultures, and we report the evolutionary dynamics of a novel Mosquito-Conserved piRNA Cluster Locus (MCpiRCL) composed of satellite DNA repeats. In the larger culicine mosquito genomes we detected highly regular periodicity in piRNA biogenesis patterns coinciding with the expansion of Piwi pathway genes. Finally, our resource enables detection of crosstalk between piRNA and siRNA populations in mosquito cells during a response to virus infection. The MSRG resource will aid efforts to dissect and combat the capacity of mosquitoes to tolerate and spread arboviruses.
ROBERT HEATHCOTE, ESQ. 1802-8 (2014)

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107 Gbit/s Transmission Using An Integrated ETDM Receiver (2006)

We report a 107 Gbit/s transmission using an integrated ETDM receiver, which comprises 1:2-demultiplexing and clock & data recovery on a single chip. The ETDM receiver was tested successfully in a transmission experiment over 480 km dispersion managed fiber.
BeamAdapt (2010)

All current mobile devices are omni directional in transmission, which not only limits device energy efficiency but also poses a significant challenge toward network capacity through inter-link interference. In this work, we make mobile devices directional with beamsteering. By allowing a dynamic number of antennas in beamsteering, we reveal an important tradeoff between device energy efficiency and network capacity. We then provide a distributed algorithm called BeamAdapt that allows each mobile device in the network to closely approach the optimal tradeoff, with minimum aggregated device power to achieve certain network capacity. We also offer a cellular system realization of BeamAdapt as well as a Qualnet-based evaluation. The results show the effectiveness of BeamAdapt in device power reduction without sacrificing network throughput.
Analysis of defective genomes of bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus generated by serial undiluted passage in cell culture. (1998)

Viral DNA was extracted from cells infected with bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) D1 strain after 34 serial undiluted passages (P34). P34 DNA was subjected to restriction analysis and Southern blot hybridisation using standard D1 DNA and P34 DNA of BmNPV as probes. Based on hybridisation profiles, the BmNPV DNA regions retained in the P34 DNA were localised on HindIII and PstI restriction maps. Two regions of BmNPV DNA located at 0-12.8 and 40.2-65.0 map unit (m.u.) were highly conserved in P34 DNA. These regions contained two of three interspersed homologous sequences (ihss), but only one of five homologous regions (hrs). This suggests that ihss may have an essential role in BmNPV replication.
Gait variability: methods, modeling and meaning (2005)

The study of gait variability, the stride-to-stride fluctuations in walking, offers a complementary way of quantifying locomotion and its changes with aging and disease as well as a means of monitoring the effects of therapeutic interventions and rehabilitation. Previous work has suggested that measures of gait variability may be more closely related to falls, a serious consequence of many gait disorders, than are measures based on the mean values of other walking parameters. The Current JNER series presents nine reports on the results of recent investigations into gait variability. One novel method for collecting unconstrained, ambulatory data is reviewed, and a primer on analysis methods is presented along with a heuristic approach to summarizing variability measures. In addition, the first studies of gait variability in animal models of neurodegenerative disease are described, as is a mathematical model of human walking that characterizes certain complex (multifractal) features of the motor control's pattern generator. Another investigation demonstrates that, whereas both healthy older controls and patients with a higher-level gait disorder walk more slowly in reduced lighting, only the latter's stride variability increases. Studies of the effects of dual tasks suggest that the regulation of the stride-to-stride fluctuations in stride width and stride time may be influenced by attention loading and may require cognitive input. Finally, a report of gait variability in over 500 subjects, probably the largest study of this kind, suggests how step width variability may relate to fall risk. Together, these studies provide new insights into the factors that regulate the stride-to-stride fluctuations in walking and pave the way for expanded research into the control of gait and the practical application of measures of gait variability in the clinical setting.
Design strategy for air-stable organic semiconductors applicable to high-performance field-effect transistors (2007)

Electronic structure of air-stable, high-performance organic field-effect transistor (OFET) material, 2,7-dipheneyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b] benzothiophene (DPh-BTBT), was discussed based on the molecular orbital calculations. It was suggested that the stability is originated from relatively low-lying HOMO level, despite the fact that the molecule contains highly π-extended aromatic core ([1]benzothieno[3,2-b] benzothiophene, BTBT) with four fused aromatic rings like naphthacene. This is rationalized by the consideration that the BTBT core is not isoelectronic with naphthacene but with chrysene, a cata-condensed phene with four benzene rings. It is well known that the acene-type compound is unstable among its structural isomers with the same number of benzene rings. Therefore, polycyclic aromatic compounds possessing the phene-substructure will be good candidates for stable organic semiconductors. Considering synthetic easiness, we suggest that the BTBT-substructure is the molecular structure of choice for developing air-stable organic semiconductors.
A Family of Z-source and Quasi-Z-source DC-DC Converters (2009)

This paper presents a family of four-quadrant dc-dc converters with minimal number of switches and passive devices. These converters employ a Z-source or a quasi-Z-source network with two active switches to provide four quadrant operation which means bipolar output voltage and bidirectional current operation. Bipolar output operation can also be realized by using one active switch and a diode. They also own buck and boost characteristics when the duty cycle is changed from zero to one. At 0.5 duty cycle, these converters can output either zero or infinity voltage. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity and features of these circuits.
Saffman-Taylor plumes (1992)

We present an experimental study of thermal plumes growing in Hele-Shaw cells which shows the existence of new objects, analogous to Saffman-Taylor fingers, for which the thermal boundary layer plays the role of the interface. The theoretical analysis reveals the underlying selection mechanism, which is provided by heat diffusion.
An Embedded Accelerator for Real World Computing (1997)

This paper presents a new general purpose accelerator based on the Kress ALU Array III (KrAA-III) — a novel field programmable ALU array (FPAA), which efficiently supports high performance arithmetic computations by massive pipelining. The KrAA-III and its underlying concepts will be introduced as a generalization of systolic array structural principles — illustrated by a simple real world computing example. To explain this approach for embedded accelerators the underlying novel machine paradigm, having been published earlier, is recalled as far as needed for comprehensibility.
The Effects of Insertion Method and Force on Hand Clearance Envelopes for Rubber Hose Insertion Tasks (2009)

These methods can be used by engineers to determine if there is adequate clearance for the hand to grip selected objects.
Aletheia - An Advanced Document Layout and Text Ground-Truthing System for Production Environments (2011)

Large-scale digitisation has led to a number of new possibilities with regard to adaptive and learning based methods in the field of Document Image Analysis and OCR. For ground truth production of large corpora, however, there is still a gap in terms of productivity. Ground truth is not only crucial for training and evaluation at the development stage of tools but also for quality assurance in the scope of production workflows for digital libraries. This paper describes Aletheia, an advanced system for accurate and yet cost-effective ground truthing of large amounts of documents. It aids the user with a number of automated and semi-automated tools which were partly developed and improved based on feedback from major libraries across Europe and from their digitisation service providers which are using the tool in a production environment. Novel features are, among others, the support of top-down ground truthing with sophisticated split and shrink tools as well as bottom-up ground truthing supporting the aggregation of lower-level elements to more complex structures. Special features have been developed to support working with the complexities of historical documents. The integrated rules and guidelines validator, in combination with powerful correction tools, enable efficient production of highly accurate ground truth.
Detection and quantification of endothelial VCAM‐1 expression using 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (2008)

The early upregulation of vascular adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) by the endothelium in disease states such as inflammation makes VCAM‐1 an attractive target for early detection of disease. The objective of this study was to develop a molecularly targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticle (PFC‐NP) and quantify its binding to VCAM‐1 using fluorine spectroscopy. We have previously shown that VCAM‐1 expression is increased by the renal endothelium of apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE −/−) mice fed a high cholesterol diet over control C57BL/6 mice. Liquid perfluorocarbon nanoparticle emulsions (PFC‐NP) targeted to VCAM‐1 were injected via the tail vein into ApoE−/− mice and allowed to circulate for 2h. Ex‐vivo kidney 19F imaging and spectroscopy was performed on an 11.7T Varian scanner. The fluorine signal was significantly higher in ApoE−/− kidneys treated with VCAM‐1 targeted PFC‐NP versus ApoE−/− kidneys injected with non‐targeted PFC‐NP (p &lt; 0.01). Additionally, the kidneys of C57BL/6 control mice treated with VCAM‐1 targeted PFC‐NP had a fluorine signal significantly lower than VCAM‐1 targeted ApoE−/− signal (p &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that changes in VCAM‐1 expression can be detected and quantified using 19F spectroscopy and that this technique may provide a non‐invasive method for early detection of inflammation. This work was supported by NIH grant #HL073646
You Can Recharge With Detouring: Optimizing Placement for Roadside Wireless Charger (2017)

Wireless energy transfer technologies have played an important role in the development of Internet of Things. Most of the previous studies focus on scheduling mobile chargers efficiently for rechargeable sensor nodes. In this paper, we investigate the deployment problem for wireless charging stations (WCSs) in urban areas with respect to the users detouring cost when they move to the candidate WCSs. With pre-known user's trajectories and given number of WCSs, we deploy the WCSs to maximize the number of recharged users with guaranteed probability. We convert our deployment problem into an NP-hard weighted maximum coverage problem, and prove the objective function is a maximum submodular set function. To this end, a simple but efficient greedy algorithm with approximation factor of (1 - 1/ε) is proposed for the threshold detouring mode. In addition, an improved algorithm with an approximation factor of (1 - 1/√e) is presented for the linear/nonlinear detouring mode. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our algorithms by comparing them with two typical heuristic algorithms (flow-centric and random-based), and the impacts of different detouring thresholds on our algorithms by synthetic traces. Moreover, real trace-driven evaluations validate that our algorithm improves the coverage quality by 75% when compared to the two aforementioned algorithms.
Quality factor and absorption bandwidth of electrically small lossy structures (2019)

A new quality factor ( Q abs ) characterising power absorption by electrically small structures ranging from antennas to lossy objects is defined. In analogy to the radiation quality factor ( Q rad ), which is evaluated using the antenna radiated fields in transmitting mode, Q abs is evaluated using the fields scattered by the absorbing structure. Similar to the known relationship between the antenna matching bandwidth ( B match ) and Q rad , it is rigorously shown that for an electrically small lossless receiving antenna Q abs is inversely proportional to the absorption bandwidth ( B abs ) of the antenna. Based on a circuit model, it is then conjectured that the same B abs – Q abs relation is also valid in the cases of electrically small lossy antennas and objects that do not have terminals. Numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the validity of the presented B abs – Q abs relation.
Localization of Bud2p, a GTPase-activating protein necessary for programming cell polarity in yeast to the presumptive bud site (1999)

Yeast cells of different cell type exhibit distinct budding patterns that reflect the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Bud1p (Rsr1p), a Ras-like GTPase, and Bud2p, a GTPase-activating protein for Bud1p, are essential for proper budding pattern. We show that Bud2p is localized at the presumptive bud site in G(1) cells in all cell types and that this localization is independent of Bud1p. Bud2p subsequently localizes to the mother-bud neck after bud emergence; this localization depends on the integrity of the septins. These observations indicate that Bud2p becomes positioned in G(1) cells by recognizing cell type-specific landmarks at the presumptive bud site.
Corticofugal projections to the motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal cord in humans (1990)

We studied corticofugal projections to the motoneurons with Nauta-Gygax's technique in a patient with cerebral infarction of both hemispheres. Motoneurons in the brainstem motor nuclei and spinal anterior horns seem to receive direct cortical projections, except for the oculomotor and abducens nuclei and Onuf's nucleus in the sacral cord.
MR of the cerebral operculum: abnormal opercular formation in infants and children. (1996)

Opercular anomalies appear to follow sequentially predetermined normal steps in development. Arrest in opercular development or malformation may occur after an initial insult. MR imaging is the method of choice by which to identify these abnormalities.
Wind power forecasting errors modelling approach considering temporal and spatial dependence (2017)

The uncertainty of wind power forecasting significantly influences power systems with high percentage of wind power generation. Despite the wind power forecasting error causation, the temporal and spatial dependence of prediction errors has done great influence in specific applications, such as multistage scheduling and aggregated wind power integration. In this paper, Pair-Copula theory has been introduced to construct a multivariate model which can fully considers the margin distribution and stochastic dependence characteristics of wind power forecasting errors. The characteristics of temporal and spatial dependence have been modelled, and their influences on wind power integrations have been analyzed. Model comparisons indicate that the proposed model can reveal the essential relationships of wind power forecasting uncertainty, and describe the various dependences more accurately.
Oxygen content and disorder in a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films (1992)

Using results of Raman spectroscopy, it is shown that the transition temperature Tc (R=0) of a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films strongly depends on the disorder in the oxygen sublattice. Regardless of deposition temperature Td, the films have an oxygen deficiency δ&amp;lt;0.1. However, at low Td, films show Tc≊50 K and a significant disorder in the distribution of chain and/or apex oxygen atoms. Using a template growth procedure we show that, at a sufficiently high Td, the oxygen disorder vanishes and Tc≳80 K, although the crystalline disorder, measured by the width of the (200) x-ray rocking curve, is increasing with Td.
Complementary and Alternative Medicines for Alzheimer's Disease (1998)

The recent successes of large, multicenter clinical trials of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease have spawned enthusiasm that this common and fatal neurologic disease is "treatable." A parallel explosion has occurred in the consumption of alternative medicines by the public seeking more effective, natural, or safer methods for treatment of dementia. Some of these medicines may, in fact, be biologically active in modulating the disease as well as producing side effects and interactions with accepted pharmaceuticals. This review brings to focus the scientific evidence presently available regarding such agents.
Frequency tuning of self-pulsations in a VCSEL with a voltage-controlled saturable absorber (2002)

Summary form only given. Self-pulsating lasers are extremely useful in a variety of applications, including multimode fiber systems and optical disk readout. It is desirable to attain self-pulsating vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) because the surface-normal geometry facilitates two-dimensional array configurations and wafer-scale fabrication. We previously demonstrated on-off control of GHz-range self-pulsations in a VCSEL. In this work, we believe we demonstrate for the first time 700 MHz frequency tuning of self-pulsations in a VCSEL by using an active quantum well absorber integrated in the mirror stack. These pulsations have a 700 kHz relative frequency linewidth. We present theoretical and experimental demonstrations of a novel design criterion, whereby the absorber wavelength is slightly shorter than the lasing wavelength, leading to the negative differential resistance, which is essential to obtaining self-pulsation. By careful device design, the VCSEL can be made to self-pulsate at low absorber biases, GHz-range frequencies, and potentially at high output powers.