gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwell engineering characterization for mammalian cell culture process development (2009)

Experimentation in shaken microplate formats offers a potential platform technology for the rapid evaluation and optimization of cell culture conditions. Provided that cell growth and antibody production kinetics are comparable to those found in currently used shake flask systems then the microwell approach offers the possibility to obtain early process design data more cost effectively and with reduced material requirements. This work describes a detailed engineering characterization of liquid mixing and gas-liquid mass transfer in microwell systems and their impact on suspension cell cultures. For growth of murine hybridoma cells producing IgG1, 24-well plates have been characterized in terms of energy dissipation (P/V) (via Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD), fluid flow, mixing and oxygen transfer rate as a function of shaking frequency and liquid fill volume. Predicted k(L)a values varied between 1.3 and 29 h(-1); liquid-phase mixing time, quantified using iodine decolorization experiments, varied from 1.7 s to 3.5 h; while the predicted P/V ranged from 5 to 35 W m(-3). CFD simulations of the shear rate predicted hydrodynamic forces will not be detrimental to cells. For hybridoma cultures however, high shaking speeds (>250 rpm) were shown to have a negative impact on cell growth, while a combination of low shaking speed and high well fill volume (120 rpm, 2,000 microL) resulted in oxygen limited conditions. Based on these findings a first engineering comparison of cell culture kinetics in microwell and shake flask formats was made at matched average energy dissipation rates. Cell growth kinetics and antibody titer were found to be similar in 24-well microtiter plates and 250 mL shake flasks. Overall this work has demonstrated that cell culture performed in shaken microwell plates can provide data that is both reproducible and comparable to currently used shake flask systems while offering at least a 30-fold decrease in scale of operation and material requirements. Linked with automation this provides a route towards the high throughput evaluation of robust cell lines under realistic suspension culture conditions.
Genomic sequence and virulence evaluation of MN184A‐like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Japan (2016)

In this study, a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) that was isolated from a 9-week-old diseased pig on a farm in Japan with a high mortality rate during 2007-2008 was characterized. This unique isolate, designated as Jpn5-37, did not have a high nucleotide identity in open reading frame 5 against any Japanese isolates. Among all available type 2 PRRSV complete genome sequences, Jpn5-37 shared the highest nucleotide identity (93.6%) with virulent strain MN184A. The genomic characteristics of Jpn5-37 were highly conserved with respect to the virulent MN184A, including a continuous eight amino acid deletion in the nonstructural protein 2 region. Moreover, virus distribution, viremia and the gross and microscopic characteristics of lesions were investigated in pigs 10 days post-inoculation to elucidate the pathogenicity of the isolate. Intranasal inoculation was found to rapidly result in viremia and dissemination of the Jpn5-37 isolate to several tissues in a similar manner to EDRD1; however, the amounts of Jpn5-37 RNA in serum were significantly greater. Similarly, the quantities of Jpn5-37 viral RNA in all organs tested tended to be higher than with EDRD1 infection. Mean rectal temperatures were significantly higher in the Jpn5-37-inoculated than in the control group at 4 and 6 days post infection (dpi) and in the EDRD1-inoculated group at 6 and 8 dpi. These results suggest that the Jpn5-37 strain replicates and is more efficiently distributed to the organs than is EDRD1 under the same conditions.
Digital face makeup by example (2009)

This paper introduces an approach of creating face makeup upon a face image with another image as the style example. Our approach is analogous to physical makeup, as we modify the color and skin detail while preserving the face structure. More precisely, we first decompose the two images into three layers: face structure layer, skin detail layer, and color layer. Thereafter, we transfer information from each layer of one image to corresponding layer of the other image. One major advantage of the proposed method lies in that only one example image is required. This renders face makeup by example very convenient and practical. Equally, this enables some additional interesting applications, such as applying makeup by a portraiture. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in faithfully transferring makeup.
Improved CMOS-compatible ultra-silicon-rich nitride for non-linear optics (2021)

We present an improved CMOS-compatible USRN material prepared using DCS-based chemistry deposited at a low temperature of ~300&deg;C. Morphology and composition of these USRN films are characterized using SEM, TEM, EDS and AFM. Surface profilometer is also used to estimate the film stress over an 8-inch wafer. TEM shows that the USRN film is amorphous and AFM measures a low roughness RMS of ~0.4 nm over a scan window of 3 &mu;m x 3 &mu;m. Optical properties of these USRN films are studied using variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and FTIR spectroscopy. A prism coupler is used to estimate the film propagation loss. Ellipsometry measurement shows refractive index of around 3.09 at 1550 nm wavelength, which is our wavelength of interest. Comparing with USRN films prepared using SiH<sub>4-</sub> based chemistry, FTIR characterization shows reduced absorbance for films prepared using DCS-based chemistry at wavenumber region where Si-H bonds are located. The absorbance caused by N-H bonds are comparable for USRN films prepared using both DCS-based and SiH<sub>4-</sub>based chemistries. Si-H bonds and N-H bonds are expected to be the main sources of material absorption near 1550 nm in the USRN material. Characterization results of waveguides fabricated using USRN deposited by this DCS-based chemistry shows propagation loss of ~4.9 dB/cm for waveguide width of 1.5 &mu;m at 1550 nm wavelength. The improved results of DCS-based USRN will help to further cut losses and therefore enhance the performance of CMOS compatible USRN devices in nonlinear signal processing.
P‐glycoprotein‐mediated transport of oxytetracycline in the Caco‐2 cell model (2007)

ATP-dependent drug transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multi-drug resistance associated protein (MRP2) and breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) are expressed at the brush border membrane of enterocytes. These efflux transporters excrete their substrates, among other various classes of antibiotics, into the lumen thus reducing net absorption as indicated by a low bioavailability after oral administration. Oxytetracycline (OTC) has been used for decennia in veterinary medicine for its extensive spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A major limitation has been, and still remains, its low bioavailability following oral administration. The present study aimed to investigate to what extent this low bioavailability is attributable to the fact that OTC is a substrate for one or more efflux transporters. As an experimental model to study the transmembrane transport of OTC, differentiated Caco-2 cells grown as monolayers on permeable supports were used. With this model it was shown that the secretion of OTC is slightly higher than its absorption. PSC833, a potent inhibitor of P-gp, decreased the secretion of OTC without affecting its absorption, while the MRP-inhibitor MK571 did not exert any effect. These data indicate that OTC is a substrate for P-gp. The affinity of OTC to these transporters seems to be rather low, as suggested by the low efflux ratio of 1:1.3. In competition experiments, OTC decreased the effluxes of other P-gp substrates such as Rhodamine123 and ivermectin. These findings are of clinical relevance, as they clearly indicate potential drug-drug interactions at the level of P-gp-mediated drug transport.
Complex optical index of single wall carbon nanotube films from the near-infrared to the terahertz spectral range (2012)

We retrieve the complex optical index of single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) films in the 0.6&#x2013;800&#xA0;&#x3BC;m spectral range. Results are obtained from a complete set of optical measurements, reflection and transmission, of free-standing CNT films using time domain spectroscopy in the terahertz (THz) and Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy in the visible&#x2013;IR. Based on a Drude&#x2013;Lorentz model, our results reveal a global metallic behavior of the films in the IR, and confirm their high optical index in the THz range.
A Study on the Kinetics of Propane-Activated Carbon: Theory and Experiments (2013)

Experimental kinetics results of propane in Maxsorb III activated carbon is obtained at temperatures of 10°C and 30°C, and pressures up to 800kPa using a magnetic suspension balance. A multi-gradient linear driving force (LDF) approximation is used for adsorbate uptake as a function of time. The LDF mass-transfer-rate coefficients were thus determined. Using this approach, the experimentally derived LDF coefficients based on independently measured kinetic parameters for propane in the activated-carbon bed agree very well with experimental results. The computational efficiency is gained by adopting this extended LDF model.
Dispersion Polymerizations of Methyl Methacrylate in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide with a Novel Ester End-Capped Perfluoropolyether Stabilizer (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTDispersion Polymerizations of Methyl Methacrylate in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide with a Novel Ester End-Capped Perfluoropolyether StabilizerWenxin Wang, Andrew Naylor, and Steven M. HowdleView Author Information School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK Cite this: Macromolecules 2003, 36, 14, 5424–5427Publication Date (Web):June 5, 2003Publication History Received20 December 2002Revised13 May 2003Published online5 June 2003Published inissue 1 July 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0259923https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0259923brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Colloids,Organic compounds,Polymer particles,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Yersinia spp. HMWP2, a cytosolic protein with a cryptic internal signal sequence which can promote alkaline phosphatase export (1995)

The iron starvation-induced, 2,042-amino-acid protein HMWP2 of Yersinia enterocolitica has two internal hydrophobic segments which might promote its export and association with the cytoplasmic membrane. To determine whether part of HMWP2 could be exported beyond the periplasmic face of the cytoplasmic membrane, we used TnphoA mutagenesis to construct 10 hybrid proteins in which periplasmic alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) was fused to the end of C-terminally truncated HMWP1 (at amino acid positions 1751 and 1753 two independent isolates]) had high alkaline phosphate activity (close to that of the native enzyme), both in Escherichia coli and in Y. pseudotuberculosis, indicating that the PhoA segment of the hybrid reached the periplasm. Deletion studies showed that the export signal resides in the second hydrophobic segment of HMWP2. This result would be compatible with the topology of the protein in the cytoplasmic membrane predicted from the distribution of charged amino acids at either end of the two hydrophobic segments. However, two hybrids in which the junction was even further toward the C terminus of HMMWP2 (at positions 1793 and 1999) had only weak alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that the predicted topology is incorrect. The location of HMWP2 was therefore determined by subcellular fractionation. The results indicate that HMPW2 is mainly cytoplasmic, consistent with its presumed role in the ATP-dependent, nonribosomal synthesis of an unknown peptide. We propose that the high alkaline phosphatase activity associated with some of the HMWP-2-PhoA hybrids results from the unmasking of the cryptic export signal activity in the second hydrophobic segment of HMPW2.
Taxonomic Studies on the Genus Arthrobotrys Corda (1968)

SUMMARYSome 20 species of Arthrobotrys Corda have been listed in the literature. In this study, 8 have been studied from fresh material and the remainder from literary discussions. I have concluded that 12 are valid species, 7 doubtful and 1 a synonym. Two keys, one from pure and one from nematode-infested cultures, have been presented for the separation and identification of the valid species.
Vehicle-to-vehicle propagation channel for truck-to-truck and mixed passenger freight convoy (2017)

This paper presents first measurement results on truck-to-car and truck-to-truck propagation channels at 5.9 GHz. We measured the channel with a self-built real-time channel sounder with multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver. We present sample results for two safety-related scenarios in a highway and urban environment, respectively. We analyze the measured data with a high-resolution parameter extraction algorithm, which provides both spatial and temporal characterization of the channel. The results show that the channel exhibits a higher Doppler dispersion in the highway scenario than in the urban scenario. Besides, the metallic trailer, which is higher than the antenna, acts as a strong reflector when the trucks face each other and an effective shadowing object when the trucks face away.
Timp-1 is a Key Factor of Fibrogenic Response to Bleomycin in Mouse Lung (2006)

Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the interstitium, resulting in respiratory failure. The role of remodeling mediators such as metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in the fibrogenic process remains misunderstood. We investigated MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 in the fibrotic response to bleomycin of fibrosis prone C57BL/6J and fibrosis resistant BALB/c mice. Mice were administered with 0.1 mg bleomycin by intranasal administration. Either 24 h or 14 days after, the mice were anesthetized and underwent either bronchoalveolear lavage (BAL) or lung removal. Collagen deposition in lung tissue was determined by hydroxyproline measurement, MMP activity was analyzed by zymography, and other mediators were analyzed by ELISA. TIMP-1 was localized in lung sections by immunohistochemistry and real time PCR was performed to gene expression in lung. Non parametric Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests were used for statistical analysis. Fourteen days after bleomycin administration, hydroxyproline assay and histological study revealed that BALB/c mice developed significantly less fibrosis compared to C57BL/6J mice. At day 1, bleomycin enhanced TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein levels in BALF, and induced corresponding genes in lung tissue of both strains. The rise of Timp-1, Mmp-9 and Mmp-2 gene levels were significantly stronger in lungs of C57BL/6J, whereas gelatinase activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were similar. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TIMP-1 macrophages and epithelial cells were prominent TIMP-1 producers in both strains. At day 14, neither MMP-2 nor MMP-9 levels exhibited strain-dependent protein level or gene expression, although TIMP-1 was strongly associated with fibrosis. Interestingly, bleomycin induced neither Timp-2 nor Timp-3 in lung tissue at any time of the study. The present study shows that early altered regulation of TIMP-1 following bleomycin administration may be involved in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Characterization of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein and Its Association with Sepsis (2003)

We sought to characterize polymorphisms in the proximal coding region of the lipopolysaccharide binding protein gene and to determine whether a previously reported variant was associated with sepsis complicated by organ failure or shock after trauma. We used multiple analytical methods, including pyrosequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and sequencing to characterize the proximal coding region. We also reexamined a prospective cohort of severely injured patients and healthy control individuals. The single nucleotide polymorphism at nucleotide 292 does not exist as previously reported. Instead, the adjacent nucleotide (291) was observed to be polymorphic. In 151 trauma patients, 37 (25%) developed severe sepsis, and 19 (13%) died. Thirteen of 50 (26%) C-allele carriers and 24 of 101 (24%) TT homozygotes developed severe sepsis. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses did not demonstrate any associations between genotype and severe sepsis, septic shock, or death. In conclusion, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the lipopolysaccharide binding protein coding region that was reported to exist at the 292 position and to result in an amino acid substitution actually exists at the adjacent 291 position and does not result in an amino acid substitution. Furthermore, this polymorphism does not appear to be associated with complicated sepsis after trauma.
Influence of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Foot Ulcers in 342 Patients Visited at Foot Screening Outpatient Clinic (2014)

フットスクリーニング外来の初診患者 342 名 (2009年4月1 日∼2012年6月30日) を集計したところ， 男性33.6％，女性66.4％，平均年齢は70.1歳 (9∼99 歳，中央値 73 歳) であった。この 342 名を対象として，血流障害，神経障害，変形，糖尿病，関節リウマチを危険因子とし，①関節リウマチの有無別の各因子の頻度，②足部潰瘍に関連する危険因子を検討した。その結果，関節リウマチ患者は女性が多く，足部潰瘍と変形を有意に高頻度に認めた。足部潰瘍に関しては，血流障害 (オッズ比：5.31 倍)，関節リウマチ (オッズ比：5.99 倍) が危険因子として有意に関連していた。
A Rapid Check on the Stability and Coherence of a Total Holographic System (1970)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. Michael, "A Rapid Check on the Stability and Coherence of a Total Holographic System," Appl. Opt. 9, 1481-1481 (1970) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Secondary tonsillectomy haemorrhage and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (1999)

Modern non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are now widely accepted analgesics for post-tonsillectomy patients, but their effect on secondary haemorrhage has not been fully evaluated. This study attempts to evaluate the influence of NSAIDs on the secondary haemorrhage rate, and also whether mode of dissection is an important factor. The records of 557 consecutive patients undergoing tonsillectomy were studied to determine if there was a relationship between the secondary haemorrhage rate and discharge prescription of NSAIDs. There was an overall secondary haemorrhage rate of 5.2 per cent (29) and a significantly increased secondary haemorrhage rate in those taking regular NSAIDs, 11 per cent, compared to those not taking NSAIDs, 1.47 per cent, (chi 1(2) = 41.25, p < 0.001). There was a higher rate of secondary haemorrhages with bipolar dissection than with standard dissection for both those taking and not taking NSAIDs (13 per cent vs seven per cent and 2.75 per cent vs 0.87 per cent) however this was not statistically significant (chi 1(2) = 1.17, p = 0.19 and chi 1(2) = 0.773, p = 0.17). Both bipolar dissection and standard dissection individually showed very significant increases in secondary haemorrhage rate when on regular NSAIDs (chi 1(2) = 14.03, p = 0.004 and chi 1(2) = 6.19, p = 0.003). Although NSAIDs are very good analgesics, they may cause an increased secondary haemorrhage rate, and should be prescribed at discharge prescription with caution.
Involvement of protein kinase C in macrophage activation by poly(I.C) (1994)

The expression of cytocidal activity is initiated by the interaction of macrophages with priming [e.g., interferon (IFN)] and triggering stimuli (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid). We have shown that the triggering step can be initiated in a Ca(2+)-dependent fashion and hypothesized that protein kinase C (PKC) may couple the Ca2+ signal to the expression of a gene product, Bf, that accompanies the expression of macrophage cytocidal activity. Exposure of IFN-primed macrophages to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid in the presence of the PKC inhibitors H-7 or sphingosine or after downregulation of PKC with phorbol myristate acetate markedly inhibited Bf synthesis. Western blots of macrophage lysates revealed the presence of the alpha-, delta-, and zeta-isozymes of PKC, and all were found to be downregulated by phorbol myristate acetate. Inhibition of PKC also prevented the increase in IFN-beta mRNA levels and partially blocked the response to IFN-beta. These data suggest that the alpha-, delta-, and zeta-isozymes of PKC are involved in signaling leading to Bf expression and that the level of involvement is restricted to the induction and response to IFN-beta.
Alignment-free photonic interconnects (2021)

Next generation optoelectronic systems will require the efficient transfer of optical signals between many discrete photonic components integrated onto a single substrate. While modern assembly processes can easily integrate thousands of electrical components onto a single board, photonic assembly is far more challenging due to the wavelength-scale alignment tolerances required. Here we address this problem by introducing an alignment-free photonic coupler robust to x, y, z displacement and angular misalignment. This alignment-free coupler engineers a translationally-invariant evanescent interaction between waveguides by intersecting them at an angle, which enables a lateral and angular alignment tolerance fundamentally larger than non-evanescent approaches such as edge coupling. We show that our approach can function as a universal photonic connector interfacing photonic integrated circuits and microchiplets across different platforms. As a potential use case, we describe a new type of self-aligning photonic circuit board enabled by our approach that greatly simplifies assembly of complex optoelectronic systems.
Interfacial Haloplumbate Modulation for Efficient and Stable Hybrid Perovskite Photovoltaics (2021)

The commercialization of perovskite solar cells is mainly limited by their operational stability. Interlayer modification by thin interface materials between the perovskite and the charge transport layers is one of the most effective methods to promote the efficiency and stability of perovskite devices. However, the commonly used interlayer materials do not meet all the demands, including good film quality, excellent stability, and passivation capability without interfering with the charge transport. In this work, we propose a new material, water stable haloplumbate [TBA]PbI3 for interfacial modification, which is formed on the perovskite surface in-situ by tetra-butylammonium iodide (TBAI) treatment. Benefiting from its passivation effect and robustness, the modified devices result in a power conversion efficiency of 22.90% with excellent environmental and operational stability.