gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of restriction fragment length polymorphisms of swine leucocyte antigen class I genes with production traits of Duroc and Hampshire boars (1989)

Restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of swine leucocyte antigen (SLA) class I genes were performed on 70 Duroc and 38 Hampshire boars from the 1986-87 national performance tests of each breed in the USA. Few boars were inbred. Southern blotting and hybridization procedures were performed on genomic DNA, isolated from white blood cells, using PvuII endonuclease and a swine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I probe. Durocs had an average of 11 restriction fragments, with the most common being in 63% of the boars and the least common appearing in only one boar. Hampshire boars had an average of 12 restriction fragments, with the most common appearing in 73% of the boars and the least common appearing in only one boar. Least squares procedures and stepwise regression methods were used to examine the association between DNA restriction fragments and the selection index (INDEX), average daily gain (ADG), average backfat thickness (BF), loin muscle area (LEA), and age at 104 kg (DAY104). In the Duroc breed one DNA restriction fragment was associated with decreased INDEX (P less than 0.05) and decreased ADG (P less than 0.05) whereas two other fragments were associated with increased BF (P less than 0.05). In the Hampshire breed two restriction fragments were associated with an increase in INDEX (P less than 0.05). Cluster analyses were used to group pigs of each breed on the basis of similar RFLP patterns. One cluster group in the Duroc breed was associated with lower average INDEX values (P less than 0.05), greater average DAY104 (P less than 0.05), and a larger mean LEA (P less than 0.05). In the Hampshire breed one cluster group was associated with lower INDEX (P less than 0.05). These results suggest there may be an association between swine MHC class I genes and performance traits in swine. The use of SLA class I restriction fragments, as genetic markers, may have potential in the future for improving pig performance.
Advances in pharmacotherapies that target the cell cycle for treatment of breast cancer: where are we at today? (2023)

The therapeutic paradigm of breast cancer involving CDK4/6 inhibitors presents some still open discussion points. Further evidence regarding the best treatment strategy in HR+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer and the efficacy of CDK 4/6is in the early stage will be necessary in the next future. Predictive biomarkers of response or resistance need to be validated.
Filtration a travers une membrane : analyse et simulation de modeles de diffusion-convection (1998)

Ce travail est une contribution au traitement mathematique de deux modeles de diffusion-convection qui rendent compte d'un certain nombre d'effets intervenant dans les procedes de filtration a travers une membrane. Le premier dit a resistance est lineaire. Le second appele modele osmotique est non lineaire. L'existence globale et l'unicite de la solution pour le modele a resistance reposent sur des arguments de compacite ainsi que sur l'injection continue de l'espace c o(0,t;l 2( l))l 2(0,t;h 1 l( l)) dans l 4(0,t;0). Pour le modele osmotique, l'existence locale en temps des solutions repose sur un theoreme de point fixe de type schauder. Apres cette analyse mathematique, des simulations numeriques sont effectuees. La discretisation en temps est etablie a l'aide de la methode d'euler implicite et celle en espace par une methode spectrale. La non linearite est traitee par un schema iteratif de type predicteur-correcteur. A partir des donnees experimentales, les simulations conduisent a de bons resultats numeriques et permettent de retrouver les profils physiques observes pour le modele osmotique.
Diffuse pneumonitis from coronavirus HKU1 on checkpoint inhibitor therapy (2020)

We report the first case of a patient with melanoma with severe and reversible diffuse pneumonitis in association with coronavirus HKU1 following combined nivolumab and ipilimumab immunotherapy. Although we do not have data on the impact of ICI therapy on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) symptomatology, a possible interaction should be considered when deciding on dosing in patients with possible SARS-CoV-2 exposure or when evaluating patients with presumed ICI-related pneumonitis during the COVID-19 pandemic.
CALT: Classification with Adaptive Labeling Thresholds for Analog Circuit Sizing (2020)

A novel simulation-based framework that applies classification with adaptive labeling thresholds (CALT) is developed that auto-generates the component sizes of an analog integrated circuit. Classifiers are applied to predict whether the target specifications are satisfied. To address the lack of data points with positive labels due to the large dimensionality of the parameter space, the labeling threshold is adaptively set to a certain percentile of the distribution of a given circuit performance metric in the dataset. Random forest classifiers are executed for surrogate prediction modeling that provide a ranking of the design parameters. For each iteration of the simulation loop, optimization is utilized to determine new query points. CALT is applied to the design of a low noise amplifier (LNA) in a 65 nm technology. Qualified design solutions are generated for two sets of specifications with an average execution of 4 and 17 iterations of the optimization loop, which require an average of 1287 and 2190 simulation samples, and an average execution time of 5.4 hours and 23.2 hours, respectively. CALT is a specification-driven design framework to automate the sizing of the components (transistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) of an analog circuit. CALT generates interpretable models and achieves high sample efficiency without requiring the use of prior circuit models.
ChemInform Abstract: Hispolon (I), a Yellow Pigment from Inonotus hispidus. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stereospecific versus nonstereospecific assessments for the bioequivalence of two formulations of racemic chlorpheniramine (2000)

Chlorpheniramine (chlorphenamine, CPAM) is a racemic antihistaminic H1 drug containing two enantiomers. The aim of this study was to assess the bioequivalence of two formulations (reference and Vietnamese-tested formulation) of racemic chlorpheniramine combined with phenylpropanolamine in an open-labeled, randomized, crossover two-period study, after administration of 8 mg of racemic chlorpheniramine in 12 healthy Vietnamese subjects. First, dissolution of both formulations was tested in vitro according to USP requirements. Then the 12 subjects received both formulations after an overnight fast and a 7-day wash-out period. Plasma samples were collected up to 168 h. Plasma concentrations of total chlorpheniramine and its individual enantiomers were determined with a validated chiral HPLC method and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using model-independent analysis. For the reference formulation, Cmax and AUC values were higher for (+)S-chlorpheniramine ((+)S-CPAM) compared to (−)R-chlorpheniramine ((−)R-CPAM) (13.3 vs. 6.8 ng/ml and 409 vs. 222 ng/ml/h, respectively) while Clt/F and Vd/F were lower (9.8 vs. 17.6 l/h and 321 vs. 627 l, respectively). No difference was observed for Tmax, t½, and MRT. Pharmacokinetic parameters were similar for the reference and the Vietnamese-tested formulation. Bioequivalence was assessed by Schuirmann test, as recommended by the current FDA and European Community criteria. Dissolution tests showed that both formulations were equivalent. A nonstereospecific, but not a stereospecific, approach indicated bioequivalence between the formulations. Chirality 12:599–605, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Unexpected Photodegradation of a Phosphaketenyl‐Substituted Germyliumylidene Borate Complex (2017)

Abstract The first zwitterionic borata‐bis(NHC)‐stabilized phosphaketenyl germyliumylidene [(L 2 (O=C=P)Ge:] 2 (L 2 =( p ‐tolyl) 2 B[1‐(1‐adamantyl)‐3‐yl‐2‐ylidene] 2 ) has been synthesized by salt‐metathesis reaction of [L 2 (Cl)Ge:] 1 with sodium phosphaethynolate [(dioxane) n NaOCP]. Unexpectedly, its exposure to UV light affords, after reductive elimination of the entire PCO group, the unprecedented [L 2 Ge‐GeL 2 ] complex 3 in 54 % yields bearing the Ge 2 2+ ion with Ge in the oxidation state +1. In addition, the 1,3‐digermylium‐2,4‐diphosphacyclobutadiene [L 2 Ge(μ‐P) 2 GeL 2 ] 4 and bis(germyliumylidenyl)‐substituted diphosphene [(L 2 Ge‐P=P‐GeL 2 )] 5 could also be obtained in moderate yields. The formation of 3 – 5 and their electronic structures have been elucidated with DFT calculations.
PEG‐Hemoglobin as a Resuscitation Solution in the Treatment of Hypovolemic Shock in the Anesthetized Rat (1999)

This study was designed to determine the advantages of using the hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, polyethylene glycol conjugated bovine hemoglobin (PEG-Hb), as an additive to Ringer's lactate solution (RLS) for the treatment of acute hemorrhage in anesthetized female rats. Different compositions of PEG-Hb and RLS were administered intravenously in a paradigm that provided 30 ml/kg of resuscitation fluid following an episode of 15 min of hypotension. Hypotension was achieved by the removal of blood (1 ml/min) from the femoral vein until the mean arterial pressure was lowered to or below 50 mmHg and subsequently maintained until resuscitation. Short-term cardiovascular assessment showed that resuscitation fluids containing PEG-Hb resulted in higher mean arterial pressure, aortic blood flow, renal blood flow, and less dramatic shifts in arterial base excess and respiratory blood gases than plain RLS. The long-term survival experiment showed lower lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels in most groups resuscitated with solutions containing PEG-Hb, but no differences in survival (100%) were observed. The data suggest that the addition of PEG-Hb to RLS improves its resuscitative effects. Specifically, a solution of 50% RLS:50% PEG-Hb appeared to have the most favorable cardiovascular and metabolic effects in this anesthetized rat hypovolemic shock resuscitation model. Presumably, the improved effects seen with the addition of PEG-Hb were due to its innate plasma expansion and oxygen-delivery capabilities.
Dual energy CT imaging in cone-beam micro-CT for improved attenuation coefficient measurement (2011)

In order to improve micro-CT's capability of accurate quantification of linear attenuation coefficient μ, a dual energy method was developed to correct beam hardening artifacts caused by the polychromatic spectra of X-ray tubes. In this method, two sets of scans, taken at different energy levels, were combined to create a synthetic monochromatic image. A physical polychromatic model of μ in dual energy imaging was developed with an iterative method to solve the model for a few selected pixels. To find a high-speed and effective computing approach, the physics model was approximated by a polynomial function of the measured intensities. The method was tested on a PMMA-aluminum phantom and CaCl <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> admixtures. The results show that streak and cupping artifacts are completely eliminated and that the measurement of the reconstructed attenuation coefficient μ is observed to be over 95% accurate.
Cardinality optimization problems (2013)

In this thesis, we discuss the cardinality minimization problem (CMP) and the cardinality constraint problem. Due to the NP-hardness of these problems, we discuss different computational and relaxation techniques for finding an approximate solution to these problems. We also discuss the l\\(_1\\)-minimization as one of the most efficient methods for solving CMPs, and we demonstrate that the l\\(_1\\)-minimization uses a kind of weighted l\\(_2\\)-minimization. We show that the reweighted l\\(_j\\)-minimization (j≥1) is very effective to locate a sparse solution to a linear system. Next, we show how to introduce different merit functions for sparsity, and how proper weights may reduce the gap between the performances of these functions for finding a sparse solution to an undetermined linear system. Furthermore, we introduce some effective computational approaches to locate a sparse solution for an underdetermined linear system. These approaches are based on reweighted l\\(_j\\)-minimization (j≥1) algorithms. We focus on the reweighted l\\(_1\\)-minimization, and introduce several new concave approximations to the l\\(_0\\)-norm function. These approximations can be employed to define new weights for reweighted l\\(_1\\)-minimization algorithms. We show how the change of parameters in reweighted algorithms may affect the performance of the algorithms for finding the solution of the cardinality minimization problem. In our experiments, the problem data were generated according to different statistical distributions, and we test the algorithms on different sparsity level of the solution of the problem. As a special case of cardinality constrained problems, we also discuss compressed sensing, restricted isometry property (RIP), and restricted isometry constant (RIC).
Influence du mode d'obturation du trou de bonde sur les échanges gazeux des vins logés en barriques (1997)

Journée organisée par l'Institut Jules GUYOT-I.U.V.V. Dijon *INRA-IPV, Laboratoire des Polymères et des Techniques Physico-chimiques, place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1 (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA-IPV, Laboratoire des Polymères et des Techniques Physico-chimiques, place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1 (FRA)
India: real estate development in the fastest growing free market democracy (2014)

The chapter commences with a discussion about the broad philosophy and approach to 
real estate development in India. This includes the emerging nature of India as a country 
and identifying challenges the country has historically and will be facing within the 
context of large-scale change. It also focuses on real estate development and examines 
the environment within which real estate developers operate. This includes promotion 
of India as the fastest growing free market democracy with associated opportunities and 
challenges. Reference is made to capital and external market variables. Property rights 
and ownership in India are considered where Indian culture includes a typically 
dominant male household head with limited property rights for women.
The Superior Hypophyseal Arteries: Anatomical Study with an Endoscopic Endonasal Perspective (2019)

SHAs constitute a complex of anterior and posterior branches that stem from the medial ICA with different patterns, vascularizing the optic apparatus and pituitary stalk.
Costs and Their Predictors in Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery (2018)

Higher overall total and hospital/facility costs are associated with endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery compared to microsurgery. In contrast, physician reimbursements are similar between techniques. Whereas LOS was the strongest predictor of overall total and hospital/facility costs, health plan was the strongest predictor of differential physician reimbursements.
Ensiling process and pomegranate peel extract as a natural additive in potential prevention of fungal and mycotoxin contamination in silage (2022)

A study was conducted on six animal feed centers in Israel where fungal and mycotoxin presence was examined in maize and wheat silages. Fumonisin mycotoxins FB<sub>1</sub> and FB<sub>2</sub> were present in every maize silage sample analyzed. Interestingly, no correlation was found between the occurrence of specific mycotoxins and the presence of the fungal species that might produce them in maize and wheat silages. We further investigated the effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on <i>Fusarium</i> infection and fumonisin biosynthesis in laboratory-prepared maize silage. PPE had an inhibitory effect on FB<sub>1</sub> and FB<sub>2</sub> biosynthesis by <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>, which resulted in up to 90 % reduction of fumonisin production in silage samples compared to untreated controls. This finding was supported by qRT-PCR analysis, showing downregulation of key genes involved in the fumonisin-biosynthesis pathway under PPE treatment. Our results present promising new options for the use of natural compounds that may help reduce fungal and mycotoxin contamination in agricultural foodstuff, and potentially replace traditionally used synthetic chemicals.
Restructured recursive DCT and DST algorithms (1994)

The discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the discrete sine transform (DST) have found wide applications in speech and image processing, as well as telecommunication signal processing for the purpose of data compression, feature extraction, image reconstruction, and filtering. In this paper, we present new recursive algorithms for the DCT and the DST. The proposed method is based on certain recursive properties of the DCT coefficient matrix, and can be generalized to design recursive algorithms for the 2-D DCT and the 2-D DST. These new structured recursive algorithms are able to decompose the DCT and the DST into two balanced lower-order subproblems in comparison to previous research works. Therefore, when converting our algorithms into hardware implementations, we require fewer hardware components than other recursive algorithms. Finally, we propose two parallel algorithms for accelerating the computation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Inline function expansion for compiling C programs (1989)

Inline function expansion replaces a function call with the function body. With automatic inline function expansion, programs can be constructed with many small functions to handle complexity and then rely on the compilation to eliminate most of the function calls. Therefore, inline expansion serves a tool for satisfying two conflicting goals: minizing the complexity of the program development and minimizing the function call overhead of program execution. A simple inline expansion procedure is presented which uses profile information to address three critical issues: code expansion, stack expansion, and unavailable function bodies. Experiments show that a large percentage of function calls/returns (about 59%) can be eliminated with a modest code expansion cost (about 17%) for twelve UNIX * programs.
Identification of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase as a Novel Host Restriction Factor and a Part of the Primary Innate Immune Responses against Hepatitis C Virus Infection (2015)

Recent studies have expanded the critical roles of oxysterols in regulating immune response and antagonizing viral pathogens. Here, we showed that one of the oxysterols, 25HC and its synthesizing enzyme CH25H efficiently inhibit HCV infection at a postentry stage via suppressing the maturation of transcription factor SREBPs that regulate lipid biosynthesis. Furthermore, we found that CH25H expression is upregulated upon poly(I·C) stimulation or HCV infection, suggesting CH25H induction constitutes a part of host innate immune response. Interestingly, in contrast to studies in mice showing that ch25h is an interferon-stimulated gene, CH25H cannot be induced by interferons in human cells but rather represents a primary and direct host response to viral infection. Our studies demonstrate that the induction of CH25H represents an important host innate response against virus infection and highlight the role of lipid effectors in host antiviral strategy.
G2/M checkpoint gene expression in developing germ cells (2007)

Cell cycle progression is prevented by signal transduction pathways known as checkpoints which are activated in response to replication interference and DNA damage. We cloned a G2/M cell cycle phase-related checkpoint gene from a neonatal mouse testis cDNA library which was identified as mouse claspin, a proposed adaptor protein for Chk1. As part of a study on germ cell differentiation we examined the expression of the checkpoint gene, Chk1, and claspin at 12.5 and 14.5 days post coitum (dpc) and in the post-natal phase. Chk1 mRNA expression increased from 12.5 to 14.5 dpc in female gonads and was strong in males at both time points. Claspin however, was not detected until 14.5 dpc. This suggests there may be some dissociation of claspin expression from Chk1 in fetal germ cell development. Chk1 and claspin expression was also studied in testis over the first 3 days following birth, when apoptosis regulates germ stem cell number. We modulated checkpoint-related gene expression in testis using the anti-metabolite, 5-fluorouracil, resulting in increased apoptosis and upregulation of Chk1 (P<0.0001) and Cdc2 (P<0.02) mRNA. Although we do not fully understand the role checkpoint gene expression has during mammalian germ cell development this report is the first to show the expression of checkpoint-related genes in early mammalian germ cells.
OAM generation in optical fibre and free space devices (2016)

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam generation has been investigated using all-fibre and free space configurations. In the first approach, the composite fused coupler is based on a single mode fibre (SMF) and an air-core fibre. The second approach exploits geometrical phase introduced by nanostructuring of silica glass. Both approaches are demonstrated to achieve power coupling efficiencies in excess of 80% at telecom wavelengths.
A split and merge based ellipse detector (2008)

We present an ellipse detector that continually pools lower level information of the edge pixels together to achieve robust detection of the ellipses present in the image. In addition, the parameters of the detected ellipses are continually refined using a close loop system driven by Gestalt psychology. We highlight that we do not rely on the geometrical properties of the ellipses to detect the ellipses. In this aspect, our algorithm is well suited to detect partially occluded ellipses in the image. Experiments on real and synthetic images demonstrate the robustness of our algorithm in which both complete and incomplete ellipses can be detected. In particular, experimental results show that the mean detection accuracy of our algorithm surpasses 92% even with around 90% outliers in the images. This detection performance is superior to that achieved by the robust regression, least squares and the hough transform based ellipse detectors.
External pin fixation for unstable Collesʼ fractures. (1979)

During a five-year period, a double-pin Roger Anderson apparatus, with pins perpendicularly placed in the second and third metacarpals and in the distal part of the radius, was applied in 130 patients with an unstable Colles fracture. Sixty of the 130 were followed for two years. Shortening was limited to a median of two millimeters and dorsal angulation, to a median of 3 degrees. Wrist dorsiflexion averaged 58 degrees, and volar flexion averaged 50 degrees. Pronation and supination had an average loss of 5 degrees when compared with the uninjured side. Repeat reduction was required in only three patients. Patient assessment revealed that 85 per cent of the patients had good results; 12 per cent, fair; and 3 per cent, unsatisfactory. Objective analysis (McBride system) revealed that 90 per cent had good to excellent results; 8 per cent, fair; and 2 per cent, poor. Ninety-two per cent had no pain, 89 per cent had no deformity, and the mean grip strength was twenty kilograms. Sixteen patients had complications; seven of the sixteen had pin loosening, which occurred most frequently late during the course of treatment and without adverse sequelae.