gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Anisotropic Adhesive Film Made from Upside-Down, Flat, and Uniform Vertically Aligned CNTs (2016)

We have created a multifunctional dry adhesive film with transferred vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs). This unique VA-CNT film was fabricated by a multistep transfer process, converting the flat and uniform bottom of VA-CNTs grown on atomically flat silicon wafer substrates into the top surface of an adhesive layer. Unlike as-grown VA-CNTs, which have a nonuniform surface, randomly entangled CNT arrays, and a weak interface between the CNTs and substrates, this transferred VA-CNT film shows an extremely high coefficient of static friction (COF) of up to 60 and a shear adhesion force 30 times higher (12 N/cm2) than that of the as-grown VA-CNTs under a very small preloading of 0.2 N/cm2. Moreover, a near-zero normal adhesion force was observed with 20 mN/cm2 preloading and a maximum 100-μm displacement in a piezo scanner, demonstrating ideal properties for an artificial gecko foot. Using this unique structural feature and anisotropic adhesion properties, we also demonstrate effective removal and assembly of nanoparticles into organized micrometer-scale circular and line patterns by a single brushing of this flat and uniform VA-CNT film.
Re: Comparative Risk-Adjusted Mortality Outcomes After Primary Surgery, Radiotherapy, or Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer (2011)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Jan 2011Re: Comparative Risk-Adjusted Mortality Outcomes After Primary Surgery, Radiotherapy, or Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer Patrick C. WalshM.D. Patrick C. WalshPatrick C. Walsh More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(11)60115-8AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Comparative Risk-Adjusted Mortality Outcomes After Primary Surgery, Radiotherapy, or Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer." The Journal of Urology, 185(1), p. 141 © 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 185Issue 1January 2011Page: 141 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Patrick C. Walsh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Current and Emerging Electrochemical Approaches for Chemical Manufacturing (2023)

R&amp;D on electrochemical approaches for chemical manufacturing is experiencing a renaissance, the direct result of society’s desire to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of the chemical industry, aiming to be carbon neutral by 2050. Two such processes have been performed for decades at scale: the chlor-alkali process that produces chlorine from aqueous sodium chloride, and the production of adiponitrile, an intermediate in the production nylon-6,6. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production is also being deployed now at scale. This report summarizes some of the many efforts to electrify chemical conversions, often using renewable feeds like water, CO2, and biomass-derived adducts, or waste-streams from other processes. Beyond efforts to reduce emissions, a very active research community also pursues a broad range of electro-organic conversions, some of which have major advantages over conventional reaction chemistries. Overarching challenges of implementing electrochemical manufacturing approaches are also discussed (e.g., limited familiarity with electrochemical processes in chemical engineering practice, insufficient availability of electrical power, and the variability of various renewable feeds).
Heterocycles as donor and acceptor units in push-pull conjugated molecules. Part 1 (1997)

The synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of a number of push–pull ethenes in which the donor moiety is represented by a π-excessive five-membered heterocycle (pyrrole, indole and thiophene) and the acceptor group is a π-deficient heterocyclic azine ring (pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine) are described. The intramolecular charge transfer in both the neutral compounds and the corresponding N-alkylpyridinium triflates is discussed and confirmed on the basis of three different descriptors, ΔλHetPh,Δλ+n, and Δλsolv1solv2, that take into account the substitution of a phenyl with a heterocyclic donor ring, charge effects and solvatochromism, respectively. According to the ΔλHetPh descriptor, the intramolecular charge transfer in the described diheteroarylethenes increases upon increasing the electron-withdrawing capacity of the acceptor, sustained by the presence of either more than one nitrogen atom or the positive charge in the heterocyclic azine. The described pyridinium derivatives belong to the rarely investigated class of dimethine cyanine dyes. The response of the 13C and 15N NMR chemical shift data appears to be less clear because of the low sensitivity of the NMR probes to remote substitution. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accord's Next Generation High Performance GPS/WAAS Receiver Based on the Soft-Correlator (2000)

NAV2500 is the next generation GPS/WAAS receiver from Accord. Based on the enhanced Soft-Correlator, the receiver is designed around a single high performance fixed point general purpose Digital Signal Processor (DSP) from Analog Devices and a standard Radio Frequency down converter. The receiver features increased availability of the GPS solution by means of improved speed of signal acquisition and reacquisition along with enhanced signal tracking sensitivity. The 12 channel GPS/WAAS correlator and the navigation module are both realized using a single DSP to offer the performance demanded by ION GPS 2000, 19-22 September 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 3 a whole new generation of hand held, wireless computing, automotive and timing applications. The receiver can be configured to track SBAS signals. This generation of receivers feature better TTFF performance and much lower power consumption characteristics over the NAV2300 from Accord. NAV2500 employs a configurable in-built softdemodulator to decode MSK DGPS signals from Beacons. The receiver can also be used as an accurate timing reference, which can be utilized in a variety of synchronization applications. The software Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) in the receiver which is synchronized with the GPS epoch can be programmed to generate frequencies ranging from 100Hz to 10MHz. The timing unit of the receiver is driven by an inexpensive crystal.
Initial Experimental Investigations of Self-Pressurizing Propellant Dynamics (2012)

Hybrid rockets commonly use nitrous oxide as a self-pressurizing oxidizer, but no comprehensive models exist for predicting the performance of such a system. To aid in the development of such a model, an experimental apparatus has been constructed with a transparent cylinder that allows for optical measurements as well as pressure, temperature, and mass flowrate measurements. Carbon dioxide has been identified as an analog for nitrous oxide, facilitating laboratory-scale testing. Initial results of tests with this system show that there is significant boiling within the liquid and that the propellant is not maintained in thermodynamic equilibrium. Furthermore, both supercharge configuration and mass flowrate strongly affect the dynamics of self-pressurizing propellants.
Coal production and usage in the Czech Republic (1997)

Abstract Coal mining in the industrialized countries of Europe including the Czech Republic is witnessing a prolonged recession in the production of bituminous coal and lignite in particular due to reduced demands. Recession in numerous fields of industry has resulted apparently in lower production of metallurgical coke as well as in power generation. In addition, some countries have substituted the burning of solid fossil fuels with petroleum or natural gas or with other energy sources such as nuclear power, hydroenergy or geothermal energy. The Czech Republic is facing similar problems.
Biological Decolorization of the Azo Dye Reactive Red 2 Under Various Oxidation–Reduction Conditions (2000)

The decolorization of the azo dye reactive red 2 (RR2) was investigated under aerobic, anoxic, and methanogenic conditions. The dye was not decolorized by an aerobic culture kept under aerobic conditions for 7 days. However, incubation of the same culture under anoxic conditions resulted in RR2 decolorization with an initial rate of 40 mg/L·d and to an extent of 91.7% after the culture oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) dropped to less than ‐50 mV. A second addition of RR2 to the same culture kept under anoxic conditions resulted in a greater initial RR2 decolorization rate (86 mg/L·d) at an ORP value of –250 mV. Decolorization of RR2 at an initial dye concentration of 300 mg/L was achieved by an unacclimated methanogenic culture at an initial rate of 83 mg/L·d and without any inhibition. However, as a result of acclimation, initial RR2 decolorization rates of 523 and 1050 mg/L·d were achieved by the same methanogenic culture after 5 months and 2 years of weekly additions of 300 mg/L RR2, respectively. Dye decolorization followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics. Under methanogenic conditions and at an initial dye concentration of 300 mg/L, the maximum RR2 decolorization rate per unit biomass was 0.12 and 0.70 mg RR2/mg volatile suspended solids d without acclimation and after a 2‐year acclimation, respectively. Lack of significant RR2 decolorization was observed in autoclaved methanogenic culture controls. Therefore, the reductive cleavage of the dye azo bond resulting in the decolorization of RR2 and formation of aromatic amines was biologically mediated and is attributed to the reduced conditions created and maintained by the anoxic and anaerobic cultures. Thus, biological decolorization of reactive azo dyes is feasible under anoxic–anaerobic conditions and should be further explored for textile wastewater management.
ChemInform Abstract: ACROLEIN ‐ SYNTHON FOR NOVEL SYNTHESES OF AMINO ACIDS AND NATURAL SUBSTANCES (1985)

Abstract Die Glykole (II) liefern mit Acrolein (I) die cyclischen Acroleinacetale (III), deren Hydroformylierung die Succinaldehydacetale (IV) zugänglich macht.
Process Optimisation for <11-20> 4H-SiC MOSFET Applications (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Comparative study of five commercial reagents for preparing normal and leukaemic lymphocytes for immunophenotypic analysis by flow cytometry (1999)

The flow cytometric analysis of leucocytes in whole blood is usually performed on samples in which the erythrocytes have been lysed and the leucocytes fixed. Because lysis and fixation reagents have the potential to introduce artefacts, several commercially available reagents were used to prepare normal and leukaemic lymphocytes for immunophenotypic analysis by flow cytometry, and the results were compared with those obtained from live whole blood. The reagents tested were the ImmunoPrep system and OptiLyse C (Coulter), LF-1000-Lyse and Flow (Harlan), Uti-Lyse (Dako) and FACS Lysing Solution (Becton Dickinson). The effect of each reagent on the apparent expression of CD3, CD5, CD11b, CD45, FMC7, kappa and lambda antigens was determined on lymphocytes from six normal controls and from six patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The following observations were made: (i) the time in minutes for each procedure varied markedly and was 1.5, 15, 20, 30 and 30 for the ImmunoPrep system, OptiLyse C, Uti-Lyse, FACS Lysing Solution, and LF-1000, respectively, but only 0.5 min for live whole blood. (ii) The forward and side scatter characteristics were affected by all of the lysis and fixation procedures, and this was most marked for LF-1000-Lyse and Flow. (iii) OptiLyse C gave preparations with poor forward and side scatter resolution due to the presence of residual red cell fragments. (iv) Lysis and fixation procedures did not affect the apparent expression of the CD3, CD45, or FMC7 antigens on normal or CLL samples, but gave highly variable results for the expression of the CD5, CD11b, kappa, and lambda antigens on the CLL samples. We conclude that lysis and fixation procedures can introduce different artefacts in the analysis of normal and leukaemic samples that are best avoided by analysing live whole blood.
Global Proteomic Analysis of Two Tick-Borne Emerging Zoonotic Agents: Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia Chaffeensis (2011)

Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis are obligatory intracellular α-proteobacteria that infect human leukocytes and cause potentially fatal emerging zoonoses. In the present study, we determined global protein expression profiles of these bacteria cultured in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60. Mass spectrometric (MS) analyses identified a total of 1,212 A. phagocytophilum and 1,021 E. chaffeensis proteins, representing 89.3 and 92.3% of the predicted bacterial proteomes, respectively. Nearly all bacterial proteins (≥99%) with known functions were expressed, whereas only approximately 80% of "hypothetical" proteins were detected in infected human cells. Quantitative MS/MS analyses indicated that highly expressed proteins in both bacteria included chaperones, enzymes involved in biosynthesis and metabolism, and outer membrane proteins, such as A. phagocytophilum P44 and E. chaffeensis P28/OMP-1. Among 113 A. phagocytophilum p44 paralogous genes, 110 of them were expressed and 88 of them were encoded by pseudogenes. In addition, bacterial infection of HL-60 cells up-regulated the expression of human proteins involved mostly in cytoskeleton components, vesicular trafficking, cell signaling, and energy metabolism, but down-regulated some pattern recognition receptors involved in innate immunity. Our proteomics data represent a comprehensive analysis of A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis proteomes, and provide a quantitative view of human host protein expression profiles regulated by bacterial infection. The availability of these proteomic data will provide new insights into biology and pathogenesis of these obligatory intracellular pathogens.
Zinc(II) Complexes with 1H‐Imidazol‐4‐yl‐Containing Polyamine Ligand (2010)

Abstract The protonation and Zn II /Cu II complexation constants of tripodal polyamine ligand N 1 ‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐N 1 ‐(1H‐imidazol‐4‐ylmethyl)‐ethane‐1,2‐diamine (HL) were determined by potentiometric titration. Three new compounds, i.e. [H 3 (HL)](ClO 4 ) 3 ( 5 ), [Zn(HL)Cl](ClO 4 ) ( 6 ) and {[Zn(L)](ClO 4 )} n ( 7 ) were obtained by reactions of HL · 4HCl with Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 · 6H 2 O under different reaction pH, and they were compared with the corresponding Cu II complexes reported previously. The results indicate that the reaction pH and metal ions have remarkable influence on the formation and structure of the complexes.
Variant Plasmodium ovale isolated from a patient infected in Ghana (2011)

Recent data have found that Plasmodium ovale can be separated in two distinct species: classic and variant P. ovale based on multilocus typing of different genes. This study presents a P. ovale isolate from a patient infected in Ghana together with an analysis of the small subunit RNA, cytochrome b, cytochrome c oxidase I, cysteine protease and lactate dehydrogenase genes, which show that the sample is a variant P. ovale and identical or highly similar to variant P. ovale isolated from humans in South-East Asia and Africa, and from a chimpanzee in Cameroon. The split between the variant and classic P. ovale is estimated to have occurred 1.7 million years ago.
Two-Color Capillary Electrophoresis with On-Column Excitation and Wave-Guide Based Fluorescent Detection (2003)

An optical wave-guide based two-color capillary electrophoresis laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) instrument is described. The wave-guide based approach allows for on column excitation and detection with two-color discrimination. The instrument is designed to allow either electrokinetic or hydrodynamic injections. In its present configuration, the attainable limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) was 50 × 10 −21 moles of fluorescein with a 488-nm excitation source. This study was designed to test the instrument design for applications in protein analyses. Fluorescent dyes with two different wavelengths were simultaneously separated and detected as were complexes formed by labeled antibodies to NF'B p65 and cdc2p34. Quantification of both proteins in THP-1 cell lysates performed using this approach illustrates a rapid screening application of this instrument.
Recovery of retinal pigment epithelial function after ischemia in the rabbit. (1991)

Survival of the rabbit retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) after ischemia was studied. The ischemia was induced by elevating intraocular pressure; retinal and RPE function were monitored by electrophysiologic recordings. The b-wave recovered to control amplitude in 1-4 hr after 30-60 min of ischemia, but it never recovered more than about 50% amplitude after 90 min of ischemia. The c-wave recovered after 30 min of ischemia but was replaced by a negative response after 60-90 min of ischemia. The RPE hyperosmolarity response was normal after 60 min of ischemia, but it was severely depressed after 90 min of ischemia. The RPE response to acetazolamide (cornea positive in the rabbit) was lost after both 60 and 90 min of ischemia. These results suggest that different components of RPE function have different tolerances to ischemia and is consistent with evidence that the RPE electrophysiologic responses differ in mechanism and response to disease.
Efficient techniques for predicting cache sharing and throughput (2012)

This work addresses the modeling of shared cache contention in multicore systems and its impact on throughput and bandwidth. We develop two simple and fast cache sharing models for accurately predicting shared cache allocations for random and LRU caches.
ChemInform Abstract: The Construction of the A,B,C‐Ring System (I) of Ciguatoxin (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in urology (2009)

Further studies and larger cohorts are needed to assess the real benefit of LESS procedures. The additional learning curve needed to master these techniques may be a barrier to wider acceptance, although improvements in instrumentation are likely to bridge this gap.
Eddy Current Dynamometers - Suitable for I/M Transient Simulation (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Eddy current dynamometers, while less expensive than full inertia dynamometers, have rarely been considered viable alternatives when it comes to transient simulation. Improvements made to eddy current dynamometers in order to meet California's BAR-97 Specification, however, may reverse that thinking in I/M enviromnents.&lt;/div&gt;
Is P-Glycoprotein Functionally Expressed in the Limiting Membrane of Endolysosomes? A Biochemical and Ultrastructural Study in the Rat Liver (2022)

The drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp; ABCB1) plays an important role in drug absorption, disposition, and elimination. There is an ongoing debate whether, in addition to its localization at the plasma membrane, Pgp may also be expressed at the limiting membrane of endolysosomes (ELs), mediating active EL drug sequestration. If true, this would be an important mechanism to prevent drugs from reaching their intracellular targets. However, direct evidence demonstrating the functional expression of Pgp at the limiting membrane of ELs is lacking. This prompted us to perform a biochemical and ultrastructural study on the intracellular localization of Pgp in native rat liver. For this purpose, we established an improved subcellular fractionation procedure for the enrichment of ELs and employed different biochemical and ultrastructural methods to characterize the Pgp localization and function in the enriched EL fractions. Whereas the biochemical methods seemed to indicate that Pgp is functionally expressed at EL limiting membranes, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that this only occurs rarely, if at all. Instead, Pgp was found in the limiting membrane of early endosomes and intraluminal vesicles. In additional TEM experiments, using a Pgp-overexpressing brain microvessel endothelial cell line (hCMEC/D3-<i>MDR1</i>-EGFP), we examined whether Pgp is expressed at the limiting membrane of ELs when cells are exposed to high levels of the Pgp substrate doxorubicin. Pgp was seen in early endosomes but only rarely in endolysosomes, whereas Pgp immunogold labeling was detected in large autophagosomes. In summary, our data demonstrate the importance of combining biochemical and ultrastructural methods to investigate the relationship between Pgp localization and function.
Linkage of Dominant Hereditary Spherocytosis to the Gene for the Erythrocyte Membrane-Skeleton Protein Ankyrin (1990)

HEREDITARY spherocytosis is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia, spheroidal red cells, and increased osmotic fragility of erythrocytes. The majority of the patients have an a...
Syntheses of Perylenedicarbonimide Derivatives (1976)

一連のN-置換3, 4-ペリレンジカルボンイミド類 (N-R-PDCI) を合成する方法を検討した。まず3, 4-ペリンンジカルボンイミドを比較的温和な条件で濃硫酸中でスルホン化してアルカリ可溶にし, 希水酸化カリウム溶液中200℃で反応させてイミド基を加水分解し, スルホペリレン-3, 4-ジカルボン酸無水物 (PDCA-SO3H) を合成した。次にPDCA-SO3Hをアミン類 (メチルアミン, エチルアミン, モノエタノールアミン, アニリン, p-トルイジン, およびp-アニシジン) と縮合させ, 相当するスルホペリレン-3, 4-ジカルボンイミド類を合成し, この各スルホン酸を硫酸溶液中で煮沸反応させることにより脱スルホン化して, 各相当するN-R-PDCIを合成した。
Chemical Functionalization of Silica and Alumina Particles for Dispersion in Carbon Dioxide (2005)

The steric stabilization and flocculation of modified silica and alumina particle suspensions in condensed CO2 were studied. Silica particles (average diameters of 7 and 12 nm) were functionalized using chlorosilanes of the form CnF2n+1CH2CH2Si(CH3)2Cl (n = 8, 4, or 1) to give CnF2n+1-silica. Alumina particles (diameter of 8−14 nm) were grafted with C8F17CH2CH2Si(OEt)3 and chemically modified with perfluorononanoic acid to yield C8F17-alumina and C8F17COOH-alumina, respectively. Elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis on the derivatized particles were carried out, and surface coverage was calculated. The stabilization of these modified particles in condensed CO2 was quantified using turbidimetry. Particle stability was found to increase with increasing fluorinated tail length, temperature, and CO2 density. Unmodified particles and those modified with only −CF3 tails were unstable in condensed CO2. Stabilization in supercritical CO2 is continuous up to 24 h for the CnF2n+1-silica (n ≥ 4) particles and 96 h for the C8F17-alumina particles. The C8F17COOH-alumina particles gave a significantly higher graft density than the C8F17-alumina particles but are not as stable in CO2. The C8F17-alumina particles were stable at lower CO2 densities than the modified silica particles. This stability difference may be attributed to the precursor organosilanes being monofunctional (modified silica) versus trifunctional (modified alumina), producing different structures on the surface.