gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of flufenacet in controlling resistant black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) – comparison of glasshouse and field trial results (2012)

In the last years in practice, soil acting herbicides have become the backbone for the control of heavy infestations of grass weed populations. The known unsteady efficacy of HRAC group K1, K3 and N herbicides is controversially discussed and became linked with the development of herbicide resistance. In general, the testing of soil-acting compounds even under controlled glasshouse conditions as well as the confirmation of possible resistance is difficult and needs specific methods and a careful result interpretation. The reliability of test methods is therefore of extreme importance. The reference testing procedure such as plant density, irrigation and temperature conditions have been shown to influence the activity of the soil applied herbicides and to result in extreme differences in the efficacy levels in general, but also in differences between resistant and susceptible biotypes. In our trials, the seed density could be ranked as the most sensitive factor. Of the tested products, Cadou SC was the most consistent herbicide followed by Boxer and Stomp Aqua. Possible reduced efficacy effects in glasshouse trials could not be verified by field trial results. The evaluation of field trials from Northern Germany did not show a significant decrease in sensitivity of black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) to flufenacet or flufenact plus diflufenican. It could be shown that seasonal variation in soil moisture, amount of rainfall, temperature conditions and application timing all influenced the efficacy level in the field the most.
Investigation of deterioration models for stormwater pipe systems (2007)

Like other engineering structures, buried stormwater drainage pipes deteriorate and fail over time in terms of pipe collapses due to structural deterioration or pipe blockages due to hydraulic deterioration. The deterioration of service infrastructure was a concern in Australian in recent times, where stormwater drainage pipes in Australia were rated as ‘poor condition’. The information on current and future condition of stormwater pipes is therefore important for making decisions on when and how to carry out maintenance and rehabilitation. As the major objective, this study attempted to develop separately structural and hydraulic deterioration models that can predict the condition changes of pipe population and condition changes of individual pipes as compared to the ‘like-new’ condition. The outcomes of the models can be used for planning annual budget and prioritizing repairs. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify the significant factors that affect the structural and hydraulic condition of stormwater pipes, which could support design and operation of stormwater pipes. To achieve these objectives, this study first considered an ideal deterioration model which recognized that pipes deteriorate differently due to their contributing factors such as pipe size and soil type. Based on the ideal deterioration model, five practical deterioration models were developed using statistical techniques and neural networks (NNs), and were calibrated using different optimization techniques in searching for the best suitable model. These deterioration models were selected considering the availability of snap-shot (or once only) inspection data and the ordinal grading system of pipe condition. The model inputs were contributing factors and the model output was pipe condition in ordinal numbers. Methods for assessing the predictive performance of these models and determining the significant input factors were considered. A case study with data collected from a City Council in Melbourne (Australia) was used to demonstrate the applicability of the models developed in this study. The results showed that the NN model and the Markov (statistical) model were the best models for predicting condition changes of individual pipes and pipe population respectively. Several factors such as pipe size and pipe location were found significant factors in these models. The significance of this study is the development of deterioration models that provide a basis for the construction of a comprehensive asset management system for stormwater pipes. The major innovation of this study is the exploitation of advanced modelling techniques for predicting the deterioration process of stormwater pipes.
The correlation between antigen solubility and immunogenicity (2010)

In antigen design, several characteristics contribute to the final success of the antigen to elicit the desired immunogenicity. However, it is difficult to screen theses attributes due to the varia ...
Warp-Refine Propagation: Semi-Supervised Auto-labeling via Cycle-consistency (2021)

Deep learning models for semantic segmentation rely on expensive, large-scale, manually annotated datasets. Labelling is a tedious process that can take hours per image. Automatically annotating video sequences by propagating sparsely labeled frames through time is a more scalable alternative. In this work, we propose a novel label propagation method, termed Warp-Refine Propagation, that combines semantic cues with geometric cues to efficiently auto-label videos. Our method learns to refine geometrically-warped labels and infuse them with learned semantic priors in a semi-supervised setting by leveraging cycle consistency across time. We quantitatively show that our method improves label-propagation by a noteworthy margin of 13.1 mIoU on the ApolloScape dataset. Furthermore, by training with the auto-labelled frames, we achieve competitive results on three semantic-segmentation benchmarks, improving the state-of-the-art by a large margin of 1.8 and 3.61 mIoU on NYU-V2 and KITTI, while matching the current best results on Cityscapes.
Economic Evaluation of Munitions Manufacturing Pink Wastewater Treatment Alternatives Using a Present Value-Unit Cost Methodology (1982)

This economic evaluation studies munitions manufacturing wastewater (pink water) treatment alternatives using computer simulations based on a present value-unit cost (PVUC) methodology and compares seven state-of-the-art processes: activated granular carbon adsorption with and without carbon regeneration; ultraviolet-ozone; ultrafiltration; liquid/liquid extraction; powdered carbon adsorption; and surfactant complexing. Preliminary designs for 100,000 gallons per day and 1,000,000 gallons per day treatment facilities were prepared, based on pilot- and laboratory-scale data available; cost estimates were developed for the full-scale facilities and the resulting unit treatment costs for a 30-year time frame. Cost sensitivity analyses were made of selected significant factors, e.g., carbon regeneration vs no regeneration; density of ultraviolet lamps; surfactant dosages; and, powdered carbon vs the exchange rate of carbon. The several advanced wastewater treatment methods are listed in order of preference based on the PVUC treatment cost per 1,000 gallons of pink water treated. The single most cost effective alternative is activated granular carbon adsorption technique with on-site thermal regeneration of the carbon. A glossary of selected terms is provided.
Introduction to the special issue on Additive Manufacturing and Acoustics (2022)

Additive manufacturing (AM) has expanded to a wide range of applications over the last few years, and acoustic applications are no exception. This article is an introduction to the special issue of the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America on AM and acoustics. To provide background to the reader, a brief introduction to the manufacturing approach of AM is included. The ways in which the articles in this special issue advance the field of acoustics are described for a range of applications.
Effective dielectric constant prediction of polymer-ceramic composite based on self-consistent theory (2002)

Nanostructure polymer-ceramic composite with high dielectric constant (/spl epsi//sub r//spl sim/100) has been developed for embedded capacitor application. This polymer-ceramic system consists of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) ceramic particle and modified high dielectric low viscosity epoxy resin. In order to obtain precise prediction of effective dielectric constant of this composite, a closed form prediction model based on self-consistent theory is proposed. The electrical polarization mechanism and interaction between epoxy resin and ceramic filler has been studied. This model can establish the relevant constitutional parameters of polymer-ceramic composite materials such as particle shape, composition, and connectivity that determine the dielectric properties of the composite. This model is simpler, uses fewer parameters and its prediction compares better with experiment (error<10%). The precision and simplicity of the model can be exploited for predictions of the properties and design of nano-structure ferroelectric polymer-ceramic composites. Self-consistent theory has been proved a good tool to predict effective properties of nano-composites.
Heterogeneity resolution based on ontology in Web services composition (2005)

Heterogeneity issues in Web services composition are discussed and classified into heterogeneity between semantic equivalent Web services and heterogeneity between sequent Web services in a process flow, we induce these heterogeneity issues into six types of conflicts, namely semantic conflict, data type conflict, Structure conflict, parameter number conflict, data unit conflict and data precision conflict. Then, an ontology based conflict resolution is designed, including the definition of domain ontology knowledge for business specification, the definition of domain and industry terms ontology knowledge for describing the profile information of Web services and the definition of meta-ontology knowledge for transformation. Furthermore, the implementation issues are presented.
Non-specific Effects of Vaccines Illustrated Through the BCG Example: From Observations to Demonstrations (2018)

Epidemiological studies regarding many successful vaccines suggest that vaccination may lead to a reduction in child mortality and morbidity worldwide, on a grander scale than is attributable to protection against the specific target diseases of these vaccines. These non-specific effects (NSEs) of the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, for instance, implicate adaptive and innate immune mechanisms, with recent evidence suggesting that trained immunity might be a key instrument at play. Collectively referring to the memory-like characteristics of innate immune cells, trained immunity stems from epigenetic reprogramming that these innate immune cells undergo following exposure to a primary stimulus like BCG. The epigenetic changes subsequently regulate cytokine production and cell metabolism and in turn, epigenetic changes are regulated by these effects. Novel -omics technologies, combined with <i>in vitro</i> models for trained immunity and other immunological techniques, identify the biological pathways within innate cells that enable training by BCG. Future research should aim to identify biomarkers for vaccine heterologous effects, such that they can be applied to epidemiological studies. Linking biological mechanisms to the reduction in all-cause mortality observed in epidemiological studies will strengthen the evidence in favor of vaccine NSEs. The universal acceptance of these NSEs would demand a re-evaluation of current vaccination policies, such as the childhood vaccination recommendations by the World Health Organization, in order to produce the maximum impact on childhood mortality.
Comparison of Trace Element Alterations and Water Content in Haemorrhagic and Non-Haemorrhagic Cerebral Infarcts (1994)

The concentration of eight elements (i.e., K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, and Rb) and the water content were determined in postmortem samples of recent cerebral infarcts. The elemental determinations were performed by means of particle-induced X-ray emission and the water content was determined using wet and dry weights. The data for the infarcted tissues with either complete (3 brains) or partial (6 brains) haemorrhagic transformation were compared with those of non-haemorrhagic infarcts (6 brains) and with reference values. The most striking difference between haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic infarcts was the stronger Fe accumulation in the former group. When compared to the reference values, the K concentration was more decreased and the Ca concentration and water content more increased in infarcted cerebral cortex and white matter tissue of the haemorrhagic group than in such tissue of the non-haemorrhagic group. This study suggests that haemorrhagic transformation of an infarct is a harmful event, probably due to the enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability.
Changes in crystal structure parameters and thermal mechanical properties of poly(p‐phenylene terephthalamide) fibers under different annealing conditions (1990)

Abstract As‐spun poly( p ‐phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) fibers have been annealed by three different methods: (1) the relaxation mode; (2) the constant temperature mode; and (3) the constant tension mode. Wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction (WAXD) was used with all three modes to characterize the changes in three crystal structure parameters: the degree of crystal orientation, the apparent crystal size, and the lattice strain along the c‐axis of the crystal unit cell. It was found that internal stresses in the fibers, which are frozen‐in during either the fiber spinning process or in later annealing, is the key factor causing these structure parameter changes. Our thermal shrinkage stress measurements may reasonably represent the fiber's internal stresses. The thermal shrinkage modulus and the tensile modulus of the PPTA fibers under these annealing modes have been determined. Based on a serial model, quantitative structure–property relationships can be established. The effects of annealing temperature and applied tension on both the microscopic crystal structures and the macroscopic properties are also discussed.
Metalltetrahydridoborate und Tetrahydridoborato-metallate, 12 [1] Zur Kenntnis von Calcium-bis(tetrahydridoborat)-bis(dimethylglykolether)/Metal Tetrahydroborates and Tetrahydroborato Metalates, 12 [1] On Calcium Bis(tetrahydroborate)-bis(dimethylglycolether) (1984)

Ca(BH 4 ) 2 ·2(CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 ) 2 , (1) has been prepared from Ca(BH 4 ) 2 ·2 THF by ligand displacement. IR and NMR data are in agreement with the presence of a nonionic BH 4 group, but a specific binding to calcium could not be deduced unambiguously. However, the X-ray structure analysis of a single crystal of 1 reveals that the lattice is built up from molecules of 1 in which each BH 4 group binds to Ca via three hydrogen atoms, and the ether forms a chelate. Therefore, calcium in 1 is decacoordinated. Taking the boron atoms as the center of gravity for the BH 4 groups one can best describe the coordination as being derived from a strongly distorted octahedron due to repulsive interactions of the BH 4 groups as well as of the "bite” of the chelating diether which im poses a O-Ca-O bond angle of ~ 67°.
Degenerater‐Bell Polynomials Arising from Degenerate Normal Ordering (2022)

Recently, Kim‐Kim introduced the degenerate r ‐Bell polynomials and investigated some results which are derived from umbral calculus. The aim of this paper is to study some properties of the degenerate r ‐Bell polynomials and numbers via boson operators. In particular, we obtain two expressions for the generating function of the degenerate r ‐Bell polynomials in | z | 2 , and a recurrence relation and Dobinski‐like formula for the degenerate r ‐Bell numbers. These are derived from the degenerate normal ordering of a degenerate integral power of the number operator in terms of boson operators where the degenerate r ‐Stirling numbers of the second kind appear as the coefficients.
Digital Human Modeling Research and Development User Needs Panel (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This panel provided a forum for discussion of future research and development desired by users and potential users of DHM technologies. The discussion was based on the experiences of users from various sectors and industries. Panelists provided written statements and delivered short presentations prior to opening the session to audience discussion. The panel was designed to inform and drive research and development plans to fill these needs.&lt;/div&gt;
Biotika®: ISIFC’s Virtual Company or Biomedical pre Incubation Accelerated Process (2011)

This chapter concerns a new concept of innovation in healthcare technology. ISIFC is the internal engineering school of University of Besanon (France) and is accredited by the French Ministry of National Education. The Institut suprieur d'ingnieurs de Franche-Comt (ISIFC) graduates 216 biomedical engineering students since 2004 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, for patient rehabilitation and for improving health. Its originality lies in its innovative course of studies, which trains engineers in the scientific and medical fields to get both competencies. The Institute therefore collaborates with the
Machine Learning for Predicting Discharge Disposition After Traumatic Brain Injury (2022)

Our group presents high-performing ML models to predict trichotomized discharge disposition. These models can assist in optimization of patient triage and treatment, especially in cases of mild and moderate TBI.
H.323 and Associated Protocols (2000)

H.323 is an ITU-T recommendation for multimedia conferencing over packet-based networks such as LANs and the Internet. H.323 is broad and comprehensive in its scope yet flexible and practical in its applicability. This report describes the components, protocols, and procedures in H.323; the challenges to the widespread adoption of H.323; the outlook for H.323 as a standard for multimedia conferencing; and key H.323 products and services. See Also: Voice Over IP (Lecture by Prof. Jain) | Internet Telephony | Voice Over IP: Protocols and Standards | Voice Over IP: Products, Services, and Issues | Multimedia Networking Products | Voice Over IP: References | Books on Voice Over IP Other Reports on Recent Advances in Networking Back to Raj Jain&amp;apos;s Home Page Table of Contents 1. Introduction l 2. Scope of H.323 l 3. Why is H.323 Important? l 4. H.323 Architecture: Components 4.1 Terminal m 4.2 Gateway m 4.3 Gatekeeper m 4.4 Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) m l 5. H.323 Architecture: Proto...
Decoder-side motion vector derivation for hybrid video inter coding (2010)

The ongoing increase of computing performance facilitates a higher algorithmical complexity in video coding systems. The decoder may be able to estimate or derive prediction parameters based on the previously decoded signal. In this paper we present an extension to H.264/AVC where the explicit coding of motion parameters is adaptively replaced by a template matching algorithm that is performed identically at the encoder and decoder. The decision between explicit coding and derivation of motion parameters is done by the rate-distortion optimised mode decision and coded into the bitstream. Compared to previous work, the provided scheme has been extended to bidirectional prediction (B pictures). Simulation results show an improved coding efficiency over a wide range of test sequences, especially for higher spatial resolutions.
Superagonistic Activation of ErbB-1 by EGF-related Growth Factors with Enhanced Association and Dissociation Rate Constants (2000)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor- (TGF) are mitogenic hormones that exert their activity primarily by binding to the EGF receptor, also known as ErbB-1. We have recently characterized a set of EGF/TGF chimeric molecules with similar high affinity for ErbB-1 as EGF and TGF and shown that three of these chimeras induce mitogenic cell stimulation at already a 10-fold lower concentration than their wild-type counterparts (Lenferink, A. E.,
Indigenous Mediation: Is That Different? (2017)

On Mornington Island, far away from places where such lofty words carry their meaning, what we do is simply called "mediation". That term is used to describe the process, the people involved and the objectives. On Mornington Island, the word "mediation" simply means sorting out whatever issue exists, with whomever is involved and doing this through some form of assisted communication.
Anorectic Gut Hormones PYY and GLP-1 on Brain Appetite Pathways: A Human fMRI Study. (2012)

This thesis explores the roles of the gut hormones Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in the modulation of human brain reward pathways utilising functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). PYY and GLP-1 are co-released post-prandially and both have been shown to reduce appetite and inhibit food intake when administered to humans. They have the potential to be developed into anti-obesity therapies, with the expectation that low-dose combination therapy may provide more effective weight loss and limited side effects. There are currently no safe and effective medications available to treat obesity, and yet this global health crisis continues unabated. In this context, a study of the mechanisms by which gut hormones exert their anorectic effects, may guide the rational development of new drugs. To date, the effects of GLP-1 alone and the ways in which PYY and GLP-1 combine to modulate brain activity in humans are unknown. This thesis contains a set of functional MRI experiments designed to determine these effects in healthy, fasted, normal-weight human subjects. Results are compared with the changes in brain activation patterns observed physiologically following a meal. For the first time in humans, I have demonstrated that, in conjunction with a comparable effect on lunchtime energy intake, combined infusion of PYY3-36 and GLP-17-36amide to fasted subjects results in a similar modulation of brain activity as observed following a large breakfast. This supports the proposal that these hormones are major physiological mediators of satiety in humans. Both the fed state and the administration of anorectic gut hormones to fasted subjects, reduces activation in multiple brain reward regions in response to visual food-cues. This confirms that circulating gut hormones modulate the hedonic processing of food. The lack of any obvious differential activation pattern between PYY3-36 and GLP-17- 36amide raises the possibility that they act at corticolimbic structures via a final common pathway.
Calcium transport mediated by NhaA, a Na+/H+ antiporter from Escherichia coli (1993)

In everted membrane vesicles of E. coli strain EP432/pGM42, which has only one Na+/H+ antiporter (NhaA), external CaCl2 inhibits dissipation of the respiration-dependent delta pH in response to the addition of NaCl at pH 7.5, and decreases equilibrium concentration of the intravesicular Na+. In the NhaA proteoliposomes, imposition of an artificial delta pH (acid inside) leads to the several-fold accumulation of calcium. The apparent Km for this delta pH-driven Ca2+ uptake at pH 8.5 is 2 mM, and the Vmax is 1.79 mumol/min/mg of protein. Dissipation of delta pH causes release of calcium from the vesicles. CaCl2 was found to inhibit the delta pH-driven Na+ uptake mediated by reconstituted NhaA, and vice versa. Further, heterological Ca2+/Na+ exchange has been demonstrated in proteoliposomes containing NhaA. Transmembrane electric potential difference proved to drive this process. All these data are consistent with the assumption that NhaA can also catalyze Ca2+/H+ exchange.