gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic analysis and morphological identification of pilus-like structures in members of the genus Bifidobacterium (2011)

In this report, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) of various bifidobacterial strains belonging to Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, Bifidobacterium dentium, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis revealed the existence of appendages resembling pilus-like structures. Interestingly, these microorganisms harbour two to six predicted pilus gene clusters in their genome, with each organized in an operon encompassing the major pilin subunit-encoding gene (designated fimA or fimP) together with one or two minor pilin subunit-encoding genes (designated as fimB and/or fimQ), and a gene encoding a sortase enzyme (strA). Quantitative Real Time (qRT)-PCR analysis and RT-PCR experiments revealed a polycistronic mRNA, encompassing the fimA/P and fimB/Q genes, which are differentially expressed upon cultivation of bifidobacteria on various glycans.
Circular dichroism of isomeric 10,19-dihydrovitamin D (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCircular dichroism of isomeric 10,19-dihydrovitamin DM. Duraisamy and H. M. WalborskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 10, 3270–3273Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00348a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00348a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanical strain induces constitutive and regulated secretion of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in fetal lung cells (1996)

We have previously shown that an intermittent strain regimen, which simulates fetal breathing movements, enhanced mixed fetal rat lung cell proliferation in organotypic culture. As glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs) may modulate growth factor activities, we investigated the effect of intermittent strain on the formation and secretion of GAGs and PGs. Mechanical strain increased the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine and 35SO4 into GAGs and promoted the release of GAGs into the medium. The composition of the individual GAG molecules was not altered by strain. Mixed fetal lung cells subjected to strain secreted more [35S]biglycan into the medium than static controls but biglycan mRNA expression was not significantly altered. As mechanical strain primarily affected the secretion of GAGs and PGs, we then investigated which secretory pathways were stimulated by strain. Fetal lung cells secreted GAGs mainly through a constitutive (basal) pathway which was stimulated by strain. In contrast to static cultures, strain-induced constitutive secretion was partially blocked by the cytoskeletal disruptors colchicine and cytochalasin B, but not by the small G-protein inhibitors N-acetyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine and perillic acid. This result suggests that strain-induced constitutive export of GAGs depends on the functional integrity of the cytoskeleton. Strain also triggered the regulated secretion of GAGs. The strain-induced regulatory pathway in fetal lung cells was blocked by ionomycin, BAPTA/AM and gadolinium, suggesting that strain stimulated the regulatory pathway by inducing a rapid calcium influx via a stretch-activated ion channel. We conclude that mechanical strain of mixed fetal lung cells stimulates GAG and PG exocytosis via activation of both the regulated and constitutive pathways.
Transport of Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in Saturated Porous Media: Role of Ionic Strength and Flow Rate (2012)

The use of nanoscale ferrihydrite particles, which are known to effectively enhance microbial degradation of a wide range of contaminants, represents a promising technology for in situ remediation of contaminated aquifers. Thanks to their small size, ferrihydrite nanoparticles can be dispersed in water and directly injected into the subsurface to create reactive zones where contaminant biodegradation is promoted. Field applications would require a detailed knowledge of ferrihydrite transport mechanisms in the subsurface, but such studies are lacking in the literature. The present study is intended to fill this gap, focusing in particular on the influence of flow rate and ionic strength on particle mobility. Column tests were performed under constant or transient ionic strength, including injection of ferrihydrite colloidal dispersions, followed by flushing with particle-free electrolyte solutions. Particle mobility was greatly affected by the salt concentration, and particle retention was almost irreversible under typical salt content in groundwater. Experimental results indicate that, for usual ionic strength in European aquifers (2 to 5 mM), under natural flow condition ferrihydrite nanoparticles are likely to be transported for 5 to 30 m. For higher ionic strength, corresponding to contaminated aquifers, (e.g., 10 mM) the travel distance decreases to few meters. A simple relationship is proposed for the estimation of travel distance with changing flow rate and ionic strength. For future applications to aquifer remediation, ionic strength and injection rate can be used as tuning parameters to control ferrihydrite mobility in the subsurface and therefore the radius of influence during field injections.
Xenobiology: A Journey towards Parallel Life Forms (2020)

Xenobiology is the science of estranged life forms. More specifically, this is an emergent technoscience that combines advances in genetic engineering with the design of biological systems based on unusual biochemistries delivered by chemical compounds of mostly anthropogenic origin. Xenobiology enables us to create and study strange new life forms, "aliens", not in the way science fiction books do it, but in terms of enlightened science, design, and engineering.
Automation of measurements and interventions in the systematic care of postoperative cardiac surgical patients. (1977)

Since July of 1967, a computer-based system has been employed in the observation and treatment of 8500 patients following cardiac surgical procedures. Of the 12 beds in the University of Alabama Hospital Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, 10 are equipped with biomedical instrumentation interfaced with digital computer systems. These systems perform the automatic acquisition, display, storage, retrieval, and charting of measurements; computation and evaluation of acid-base balance from manually entered blood gas data; analysis of the data for the detection and treatment of impaired cardiac performance; automatic control of blood infusion and vasodilating agents by closed-loop feedback control techniques; hourly evaluation of chest tube drainage patterns to detect excessive blood loss in the early hours following operation; and computation of the infusion rate (ml/hr) of pharmacologic agents according to a specified dosage (microgram/kg/min). Automatic control of left atrial pressure by blood infusion has been applied to 8000 patients during the past 10 years. Regulation of mean arterial pressure by computer-controlled infusion of vasodilating agents has been performed in 400 patients in the last 2 years. The use of the system has contributed to the reduction of patient time spent in the unit to 24 hours or less for the majority of the patients.
Design and performance of 0.1- mu m CMOS devices using low-impurity-channel transistors (LICT's) (1992)

0.1- mu m CMOS devices using low-impurity-channel transistors (LICTs) with dual-polysilicon gates have been fabricated by nondoped epitaxial growth technology, high-pressure oxidation of field oxide, and electron-beam lithography. These devices, with gate lengths of 0.135 mu m, achieved normal transistor operation at both 300 and 77 K using 1.5-V supply voltage. Maximum transconductances are 203 mS/mm for nMOS transistors and 124 mS/mm for pMOS transistors at 300 K. Low-impurity channels grown on highly doped wells provide low threshold voltages of about 0.35 V for nMOS transistors and about -0.15 V for pMOS transistors at 77 K, and preserve good turn-offs with subthreshold swings of 25 mV/decade at 77 K. LICTs suppress short-channel effects more effectively, compared with conventional devices with nearly uniform dopings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Learning to Ground in Spoken Dialogue Systems (2007)

Machine learning methods such as reinforcement learning applied to dialogue strategy optimization has become a leading subject of researches since the mid 90's. Indeed, the great variability of factors to take into account makes the design of a spoken dialogue system a tailoring task and reusability of previous work is very difficult. Yet, techniques such as reinforcement learning are very demanding in training data while obtaining a substantial amount of data in the particular case of spoken dialogues is time-consuming and therefore expansive. In order to expand existing data sets, dialogue simulation techniques are becoming a standard solution. In this paper, we present a user model for realistic spoken dialogue simulation and a method for using this model so as to simulate the grounding process. This allows including grounding subdialogues as actions in the reinforcement learning process and learning adapted strategy.
Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Constituents of Piper sarmentosum Using a Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential Assay (2011)

Bioassay-guided fractionation was conducted on a chloroform-soluble extract of the aerial parts of Piper sarmentosum collected in Vietnam, monitored by a mitochondrial transmembrane potential assay using HT-29 human colon cancer cells. This led to the isolation of four new C-benzylated dihydroflavones, sarmentosumins A-D (1-4), as well as 14 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation. Among these compounds, 1-4 as well as five known C-benzylated dihydroflavones (5-9) and a piperamide, pipercallosine (11), were found to induce apoptosis in HT-29 cells by moderately reducing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), with ED50 values ranging from 1.6 to 13.6 μM. Furthermore, 7-methoxydichamanetin (8) and pinocembrin (10) exhibited proteasome inhibitory activities in a human 20S proteasome bioassay with IC50 values of 3.45±0.18 and 2.87±0.26 μM, respectively. This is the first time that C-benzylated dihydroflavones have been reported to demonstrate an apoptotic effect associated with disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential.
Enhanced discharge of high power pulsed magnetron sputtering coupling with high voltage (2014)

Plasma source ion implantation and deposition, as an effective technology to produce functional coatings with high adhesion and density, possesses the wide application prospect, especially in the deposition of coatings that work in high loading service conditions. The key component of this technology is the metal plasma source, which is now based on pulsed cathodic arc with complex source structure and magnetic filtration because of the macro-droplets in the ion flux. In this paper, we present another metal plasma source, high power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS), and investigate the discharge characteristics at different coupling high-voltages by optical emission spectroscopy. The results show that significant improvements are found in the discharge target current and main particles in the plasma. The improvement in gas discharge by the coupling high-voltage is greater than in metal discharge which could increase obviously in the self-sputtering stage with higher target voltage discharge. Last but not least, in this paper we discuss the discharge enhancing mechanism of coupling high-voltage. It is found that the self-excited glow discharge of coupling high-voltage, the hollow-cathodic effect induced by face-to-face negative voltages of HPPMS and coupling high-voltage, and the enhanced ambipolar diffusion of the coupling high-voltage can all play a considerable role in HPPMS discharge.
Detection of early secretory antigenic target-6 antibody for diagnosis of tuberculosis in non-human primates. (2003)

Tuberculosis is one of the most economically devastating, zoonotic infections of captive non-human primates. The limitations of the tuberculin skin test, which is currently used to diagnose tuberculosis in living non-human primates, make it necessary to find new, simple, and economical diagnostic methods. We describe use of an enzyme-linked immunoassay to detect IgG antibodies against early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6, a small protein secreted by virulent tubercle bacilli, in paired (pre- and post-outbreak) sera from 57 non-human primates involved in an outbreak of Mycobacterium bovis infection in a research colony. Of 25 animals with tuberculosis lesions at necropsy, 22 (88%) had high serum levels of the ESAT-6 antibody. The ESAT-6 antibody was found in 16% (5/32) of post-outbreak sera from animals in which tuberculosis could not be confirmed at necropsy. The strong association between the ESAT-6 antibody and tuberculosis in non-human primates documented in this study, together with the robustness of the serologic assay, make the ESAT-6 ELISA a valuable tool for diagnosis of tuberculosis in captive non-human primates.
Maximizing the feed-in of renewable energy into 110 kV distribution grids — a German case study (2017)

In Germany, the Renewable Energy Act obliges power grid operators to connect renewable generation units to their grids, even when the transfer capacity is temporarily insufficient. During times of excessive renewable energy generation, the grid operator often has to reduce the feed-in of renewable generation units to preserve a secure system state. This paper assesses the potential of topology measures to maximize the feed-in of renewable generation units in a realistic 110 kV grid. In this context a new modeling strategy for switchgears in multiple-busbar stations is proposed, which overcomes the disadvantages of existing topology modeling strategies. The mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP) is solved by a novel binary Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The influence of different penalty function modeling strategies on the solution space is also analyzed. The results illustrate the performance and efficiency of the proposed method.
On mold corner effects of EMC adhesion for IC encapsulation process (2011)

In the IC packaging process, epoxy molding compound (EMC) was filling the mold cavity and cured in the mold. At the same time, adhesion may occur in the interface between the surface of mold and cured EMC. Large adhesion force could cause many problems, which may influence the ejection process. Some other critical problems may also happen in the IC molding process if adhesion problem occurs, such as distortion or crack on ejecting finished parts, residue of cured EMC on the surface of mold affecting the quality of the products, and regular, tedious and not effective mold cleaning. So how to improve the mold adhesion force effectively is an important issue for industry and research institutes. To avoid the mold adhesion problems, improving the mold design and applying suitable surface treatments such as mold surface coating are the common approaches. Among these, applying suitable surface coating is a more popular and practical approach. This study described the approach of using a semi-automatic EMC adhesion force test instrument to measure adhesion force between the mold surface and EMC and studied the corner effect during the encapsulation process. Three different cavity arcs were designed in three specimens and molded and tested during molding to observe the corner effects. Engineers could determine the best type of surface treatment and the type of corner to reduce the amount of mold adhesion force. This paper also discussed the issue of successive adhesion force test and the variation of adhesion force during successive molding test to predict the time for mold cleaning. It was found that larger corner would cause smaller adhesion force. Repeat experiments were executed and found that the test results could be repeated.
The Constant-thickness Zone Plate as a Variational Solution (1984)

The diffractive properties of constant-thickness zone plates composed of arbitrary materials are presently well known. Less well known, however, is the fact that the constant-thickness zone plate is the best possible profile that can be created for maximizing the throughput diffraction efficiency of a zone plate system which has a certain symmetry constraint imposed on its geometry. The formal statement of this claim is set forth in this Letter as a variational exercise and the derived optimum constant-thickness solutions are shown to hold for materials of arbitrary complex indices of refraction ṋ.
Perceived superiority in close relationships: Why it exists and persists. (2000)

Two studies used a thought-listing technique to examine perceived superiority, or the inclination to regard one's own relationship as better than (and not as bad as) others' relationships. Consistent with the claim that this is a motivated phenomenon-and motivated in part by strong commitment-Study 1 revealed that (a) tendencies toward perceived superiority and (b) the commitment-superiority link are both strongest given psychologically threatening instructions and weakest given accuracy instructions (control instructions are intermediate). Consistent with the claim that this phenomenon serves a functional purpose, Study 2 revealed that earlier perceived superiority predicts later relationship status (persisted vs. ended) and increases over time in dyadic adjustment. Also, commitment accounts for unique variance in perceived superiority beyond self-esteem.
Phase control approach to hysteresis reduction (2001)

The paper describes a method for the design of compensators able to reduce hysteresis in transducers, as well as two measures to quantify and compare controller performance. Rate independent hysteresis, as represented by the Preisach model of hysteresis, is seen as an input-output phase lag. The compensation is based on controllers derived from the "phaser," a unitary gain operator that shifts a periodic signal by a single phase angle. A "variable phaser" is shown to be able to handle minor hysteresis loops. Practical implementations of these controllers are given and discussed. Experimental results exemplify the use of these techniques.
Textilbewehrter Beton zur Verstärkung eines Hyparschalentragwerks in Schweinfurt (2007)

Abstract Erstmals wurde bei der Sanierung der Hyparschale der Fachhochschule in Schweinfurt mit der innovativen Technologie des textilbewehrten Betons ein Stahlbetontragwerk verstärkt und sicherer für die Zukunft gemacht. Da textilbewehrter Beton noch kein genormter Konstruktionswerkstoff ist, wurde für den Einsatz der textilen Bewehrung eine Zustimmung im Einzelfall notwendig. Die Verstärkungsarbeiten wurden im Oktober/November 2006 ausgeführt. Die textilbewehrte Feinbetonverstärkung wurde dabei lagenweise aufgebracht. Durch Auflaminieren wurden abwechselnd Feinbeton und drei Lagen textile Bewehrung aus 800 tex Carbonrovings aufgetragen. Die Gesamtdicke der Verstärkung beträgt nur 15 mm.
Exo-iron centres linked to MoFeS clusters (1999)

Monocubane clusters with exo-iron atoms were synthesized from the iron-bridged dicubane [NEt4]3[Mo2Fe7S8(SEt)12] by reactions with π-acid ligands. The structures of two derivatives, [NEt4][MoFe3S4X3(µ-SEt)3Fe(CNtBu)3], X = Cl or PhS, have been established by X-ray crystallography. Electrochemical and Mössbauer data showed that the cubane core retains the {MoFe3S4}3+ redox level of the parent material and that the exo-iron centre is in the low-spin iron(II) state. Infrared and electrochemical data showed that there is little electronic interaction between the cubane and exo-iron centres. The parent complex possesses a low-spin bridging iron(III) centre. This centre undergoes slow electron transfer which is ascribed to spin-state reorganisation to high-spin FeII. Reduction of the cubane units leads to reversible deco-ordination of a bridging thiolate group from a molybdenum centre.
Diagnostic Parameters in Liquid-Based Cervical Cytology Using a Coagulant Suspension Fixative (2005)

The shifts in parameters facilitated the diagnostic process. BoonFix permits the screening of liquid-based Papspin slides, which have proven to be well suited to automated neural network scanning.
Methylphenidate Treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents With Velocardiofacial Syndrome (2003)

This open-label study indicates that methylphenidate is effective and safe in patients with VCFS. Therefore, its current limited use in this population seems to be unjustified. Larger, controlled clinical and pharmacogenetic studies are needed to confirm these findings.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Modes of Polydentate Ligands. Part 4. The Crystal and Molecular Structure of an Oxo‐bridged Iron(III) Complex Containing a Pentadentate Imino‐ Alkoxy Ligand. (1986)

Abstract In the presence of FC", template condensation of the fluorinated keto‐alcohol (I) with the triamine (II) led to two products: the fully condensed complex (III) and the partially condensed complex (IV), which was characterized by a Crystal structure determination (space group C2/c, Z=4) (n0 yields given).
Deep Neural Network Language Models (2012)

In recent years, neural network language models (NNLMs) have shown success in both peplexity and word error rate (WER) compared to conventional n-gram language models. Most NNLMs are trained with one hidden layer. Deep neural networks (DNNs) with more hidden layers have been shown to capture higher-level discriminative information about input features, and thus produce better networks. Motivated by the success of DNNs in acoustic modeling, we explore deep neural network language models (DNN LMs) in this paper. Results on a Wall Street Journal (WSJ) task demonstrate that DNN LMs offer improvements over a single hidden layer NNLM. Furthermore, our preliminary results are competitive with a model M language model, considered to be one of the current state-of-the-art techniques for language modeling.