gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First Australian Experiences With an Oral Volume Restriction Device to Change Eating Behaviors and Assist With Weight Loss (2011)

Eating behaviors impact satiety and caloric intake so should be considered in any weight-loss program. A novel custom-made oral device has been designed to be worn in the upper palate while eating in order to slow eating-rate and aid weight loss. The aim of this study was to assess the device's potential impact on weight-loss and gain first impressions among overweight/obese Australians. Twenty participants (M: 6, F: 14, mean age 36 years, BMI 27-33 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in a 4-month open-label trial. Each received a device and nutritionist-delivered diet plan. Weight, compliance, and acceptability were assessed fortnightly. Anthropometry, biochemical and clinical outcomes were measured at baseline and 16 weeks. Sixteen participants completed the study. Mean weight-loss was 4.9 ± 0.9 kg, or 5.2 ± 0.9% initial bodyweight (P < 0.001, n = 20, intention-to-treat). There were no significant adverse events (AEs), but 65% of participants required device adjustment by the dentist. Compliance (defined as >5 uses/week) was achieved by 80% of participants and correlated positively with weight-loss (R = 0.68, P = 0.001). All reported that the device was comfortable and reduced bite-size, promoted chewing and slowed eating-rate. Most observed either no change, or increased satiety, despite reduced meal sizes. For most, speech difficulties discouraged device use in social settings. All reported greater awareness of food choices, portion sizes and eating-rate. Subjective control of dietary behaviors, measured by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), improved significantly. The device should be explored as an adjunct to dietary composition change in weight-management programs, to assist patients to modify eating behaviors and achieve successful weight-loss.
Integrating Dirichlet reputation into usage control (2009)

With new technology such as cloud computing emerging, parties communicate directly with each other to exchange files or execute transaction in a peer-to-peer fashion. Therefore, peers have to manage the risks involved in the collaboration when prior experience and knowledge about each other are imcomplete. The behaviors of a party are undertain and attributes of a party, requested objects, and context information are mutable. To address above changllenges, we integrate Dirichlet reputation into usage control to manage authentication and authorization in a collaborative enviornment. We added moving window mechanism to the Dirichlet reputation evaluation. Moving windows not only help to adjust our responsiveness of our system to changes in peers' behaviors, but also allow us to use different strategies to react to different group of peers. Our system offers a way to handle uncertainty and mutability by dynamically revoke granted privileges from a party due to low reputation or changed attributes and context information.
IMPLICATIONS OF AIR POLLUTION FOR PLANT LIFE (1970)

A BRIEF HISTORY IS PRESENTED OF THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON VEGETATION. ALTHOUGH MOST OF THE ATTENTION WAS DIRECTED TOWARD THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AND URBAN POLLUTANTS ON PLANTS, AGRICULTURE IS A SOURCE AS WELL AS A VICTIM OF AIR POLLUTION. THE APPLICATION OF CERTAIN HERBICIDES HAS HAD AN IMPACT ON VEGETATION IN SURROUNDING AREAS. THE EFFECTS OF AN AIR POLLUTANT ON A PLANT MAY VARY BOTH WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MANIFESTATION AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THEIR OCCURRENCE. THE BEST KNOWN ARE THE VISIBLE LESIONS THAT APPEAR ON THE FOLIAGE, AND THESE TAKE THE FORM OF CHLOROTIC OR NECROTIC AREAS THAT ARE DISTRIBUTED ON THE LEAF IN PATTERNS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PLANT AND THE POLLUTANT. THESE SYMPTOMS DENOTE A LOSS OF PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE TISSUE IN THE PLANTS, AND THEREBY INDICATE A POTENTIAL EFFECT ON ITS LIFE. TWO BASIC APPROACHES MAY BE TAKEN FOR THE CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTANTS THAT DAMAGE VEGETATION: (1) ACCESS OF THE POLLUTANT TO THE PLANT MAY BE RESTRICTED, AND (2) THE REMOVAL OF THE SOURCE OF POLLUTION FROM THE RECEPTOR OR VICE VERSA, HAS BOTH ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS WHICH ARE DISCUSSED. THE CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION MAY PROVE TO BE AS COMPLEX AS ITS ORIGINS AND EFFECTS. THE MEANS BY WHICH AIR POLLUTION IS CONTROLLED WILL INVOLVE MANY STRATEGIES AND WILL DEPEND UPON THE PERSPECTIVES AND THE GOALS OF OUR SOCIETY.
[Retinoids and lipid metabolism]. (1986)

Since systemic administration of synthetic retinoids was introduced into dermatology and oncology, side-effects of synthetic vitamin-A derivatives on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism have become apparent. Retinoids of the first and second generation, 13-cis-retinoic acid and etretinate, are capable of inducing secondary hyperlipoproteinemias. For further evaluation of the atherogenic risk of retinoid-induced hyperlipoproteinemias, the most relevant effects of natural and synthetic retinoids on lipid metabolism as well as the interactions between lipid and retinoid metabolism are considered in this review.
A Thermal-Responsive Zwitterionic Polymer Gel as a Filtrate Reducer for Water-Based Drilling Fluids (2022)

It is crucial to address the performance deterioration of water-based drilling fluids (WDFs) in situations of excessive salinity and high temperature while extracting deep oil and gas deposits. The focus of research in the area of drilling fluid has always been on filter reducers that are temperature and salt resistant. In this study, a copolymer gel (PAND) was synthesized using acrylamide, N-isopropyl acrylamide, and 3-dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate through free-radical polymerization. The copolymer gel was then studied using FTIR, NMR, TGA, and element analysis. The PAND solution demonstrated temperature and salt stimulus response characteristics on rheology because of the hydrophobic association effect of temperature-sensitive monomers and the anti-polyelectrolyte action of zwitterionic monomers. Even in conditions with high temperatures (180 °C) and high salinities (30 wt% NaCl solution), the water-based drilling fluid with 1 wt% PAND displayed exceptional rheological and filtration properties. Zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the mechanism of filtration reduction. The results indicated that PAND could enhance bentonite particle colloidal stability, prevent bentonite particle aggregation, and form a compact mud cake, all of which are crucial for reducing the filtration volume of water-based drilling fluid. The PAND exhibit excellent potential for application in deep and ultra-deep drilling engineering, and this research may offer new thoughts on the use of zwitterionic polymer gel in the development of smart water-based drilling fluid.
Approaches to automation for high-throughput screening (1996)

Automation of high-throughput screening (HTS) assays can occur by one of two approaches. One involves design and implementation of systems employing robot arms for the tasks that comprise an assay. While this approach may offer excellent capacity, it usually takes time and large capital outlays to implement, debug, and maintain. Such systems also require specialists for operation and maintenance. The other approach is more stepwise in nature. It involves acquisition of automated workstations from different vendors and installing them in a concatenated fashion to comprise an assay protocol. This method is a more straightforward approach to establishing a turnkey HTS facility. As the fully automated approach is termed robotic, the stepwise method may be termed hubotic, insofar as it reflects the synergies obtainable by allowing people to provide the work flow between optimized laboratory workstations. Specific examples of these approaches will be described for different aspects of HTS, particularly for running complex cell-based assays. In addition, emerging robotic systems that are capable of ultrahigh-throughput screening capacities and utilize novel design principles will be discussed. We term these ubotic HTS approaches. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Short-Term Tools to Measure Responsiveness to Growth Hormone Replacement (2001)

Growth hormone (GH) replacement is a prolonged and expensive treatment modality which involves daily subcutaneous injections in children and adults. Efforts have been made, therefore, to develop short-term tests to predict long-term clinical response. The so-called insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) generation test was originally introduced in order to select responders to GH among short children without classical GH deficiency. A positive correlation between short-term increase in serum IGF-I and linear growth has, however, only been reported in a minority of studies. There is no single outcome measure available in GH-deficient adults, and no evidence of a correlation between IGF-I and the effects of GH replacement on factors such as body composition or physical fitness. In conclusion, no reliable short-term test to predict long-term response to GH replacement is available in either children or adults. For safety reasons, however, measurement of serum IGF-I concentrations in GH-deficient patients remains an important means of monitoring during GH replacement.
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Transparent MEMS Switches (2009)

This paper presents transparent conductive oxide (TCO) switches on glass substrates using indium tin oxide (ITO) for the first time. Mechanical properties of the sputtered ITO film on the glass (density : 7.3 gcm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , Young's modulus : ~190 GPa) were measured by X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and nano-indentation analysis. Improvement of transmittance, sheet resistance and wet-etching of 1-mum-thick sputtered ITO was obtained through thermal annealing at 230degC. The fabricated MEMS switches made of ITO with a length of 50 mum and width of 10 mum showed the pull-in voltage of 23 V and pull-out voltage of 20 V, and an excellent ON/OFF current ratio of ~10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> . In addition, up to 10 muA current could flow through the transparent MEMS switch.
Quantitative and Qualitative Differences in the T Cell Response to HIV in Uninfected Ugandans Exposed or Unexposed to HIV-Infected Partners (2013)

HIV-exposed and yet persistently uninfected individuals have been an intriguing, repeated observation in multiple studies, but uncertainty persists on the significance and implications of this in devising protective strategies against HIV. We carried out a cross-sectional analysis of exposed uninfected partners in a Ugandan cohort of heterosexual serodiscordant couples (37.5% antiretroviral therapy naive) comparing their T cell responses to HIV peptides with those of unexposed uninfected individuals. We used an objective definition of exposure and inclusion criteria, blinded ex vivo and cultured gamma interferon (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunospot assays, and multiparameter flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining to investigate the features of the HIV-specific response in exposed versus unexposed uninfected individuals. A response rate to HIV was detectable in unexposed uninfected (5.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.3 to 8.1%) and, at a significantly higher level (12.5%, 95% CI = 9.7 to 15.4%, P = 0.0004), in exposed uninfected individuals. The response rate to Gag was significantly higher in exposed uninfected (10/50 [20.%]) compared to unexposed uninfected (1/35 [2.9%]) individuals (P = 0.0004). The magnitude of responses was also greater in exposed uninfected individuals but not statistically significant. The average number of peptide pools recognized was significantly higher in exposed uninfected subjects than in unexposed uninfected subjects (1.21 versus 0.47; P = 0.0106). The proportion of multifunctional responses was different in the two groups, with a higher proportion of single cytokine responses, mostly IFN-γ, in unexposed uninfected individuals compared to exposed uninfected individuals. Our findings demonstrate both quantitative and qualitative differences in T cell reactivity to HIV between HESN (HIV exposed seronegative) and HUSN (HIV unexposed seronegative) subject groups but do not discriminate as to whether they represent markers of exposure or of protection against HIV infection.
Actin-Depolymerizing Factor2-Mediated Actin Dynamics Are Essential for Root-Knot Nematode Infection ofArabidopsis (2009)

Reorganization of the actin and microtubule networks is known to occur in targeted vascular parenchymal root cells upon infection with the nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Here, we show that actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) is upregulated in the giant feeding cells of Arabidopsis thaliana that develop upon nematode infection and that knockdown of a specific ADF isotype inhibits nematode proliferation. Analysis of the levels of transcript and the localization of seven ADF genes shows that five are upregulated in galls that result from the infection and that ADF2 expression is particularly increased between 14 and 21 d after nematode inoculation. Further analysis of ADF2 function in inducible RNA interference lines designed to knock down ADF2 expression reveals that this protein is required for normal cell growth and plant development. The net effect of decreased levels of ADF2 is F-actin stabilization in cells, resulting from decreased F-actin turnover. In nematode-infected plants with reduced levels of ADF2, the galls containing the giant feeding cells and growing nematodes do not develop due to the arrest in growth of the giant multinucleate feeding cells, which in turn is due to an aberrant actin network.
Phosphorus speciation, burial and regeneration in coastal lagoon sediments of the Gippsland Lakes (Victoria, Australia) (2007)

Environmental context. Eutrophication can lead to the production of harmful algal blooms and is one of the world’s most serious water quality issues. Phosphorus is potentially the limiting macro-nutrient in fresh, estuarine and some marine waters. Consequently, it plays a crucial role in determining the ecological status of many aquatic ecosystems. Considerable effort has been invested in monitoring dissolved reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus in the water column, but less is known about the speciation of phosphorus, particularly in the sediment. This compartment is an important and dynamic reservoir of phosphorus and a potential long-term source of phosphorus release to the water column by the sediment–water interface. This paper investigates the solid-phase speciation and reorganisation of phosphorus within the sediments of a shallow lake system in south-east Australia (the Gippsland Lakes) which suffers from recurring harmful algae blooms. Various strategies are proposed to determine the minimum realistic timescale required to deplete the sediment of labile and reactive phosphorus species. Abstract. Solid-phase phosphorus pools in the sediments of two shallow lakes (Wellington and Victoria) in the Gippsland Lakes coastal lagoon system of south-east Australia are discussed. Cores (20-cm depth) were taken in summer and winter in both lakes and a sequential extraction scheme (SEDEX) was used to profile the exchangeable P (Pex), iron oxide/hydroxide bound P (PFe), authigenic P (Pauth), detrital P (Pdet) and organic P (Porg). Pore-water (Ppw) dissolved reactive phosphorus concentration profiles were also measured. The dominant forms of P were PFe (up to 53%) and Porg (35–55%), with the PFe fraction playing a key role in the short-term retention of P in the sediment. Benthic phosphorus fluxes at the sediment–water interface (µmol m–2 d–1) were determined from the sequential extraction data. The results were compared with flux measurements from the complementary approaches of benthic chamber experiments and Fickian diffusion calculations, to allow an insight into the nature and seasonal variations of the fluxes. The burial flux of phosphorus was also estimated from excess 210Pb profiles in the sediment of the lakes. All of these data were used to produce a phosphorus budget for the Gippsland Lakes which suggested that the sediment represents a substantial source of phosphorus within the lakes and thus clearly highlights the importance of the sedimentary compartment in shallow eutrophic ecosystems. Minimum realistic timescales for complete labile phosphorus depletion from the sediment (assuming no resupply from the sediment–water interface) were calculated and ranged from 8 to 22 years.
Storage strategies of eddy-current FE-BI model for GPU implementation (2013)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles Bardel, Naiguang Lei, Lalita Udpa; Storage strategies of eddy-current FE-BI model for GPU implementation. AIP Conference Proceedings 25 January 2013; 1511 (1): 651–658. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789108 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Shifts in Identity and Activity of Methanotrophs in Arctic Lake Sediments in Response to Temperature Changes (2012)

Methane (CH(4)) flux to the atmosphere is mitigated via microbial CH(4) oxidation in sediments and water. As arctic temperatures increase, understanding the effects of temperature on the activity and identity of methanotrophs in arctic lake sediments is important to predicting future CH(4) emissions. We used DNA-based stable-isotope probing (SIP), quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), and pyrosequencing analyses to identify and characterize methanotrophic communities active at a range of temperatures (4°C, 10°C, and 21°C) in sediments (to a depth of 25 cm) sampled from Lake Qalluuraq on the North Slope of Alaska. CH(4) oxidation activity was measured in microcosm incubations containing sediments at all temperatures, with the highest CH(4) oxidation potential of 37.5 μmol g(-1) day(-1) in the uppermost (depth, 0 to 1 cm) sediment at 21°C after 2 to 5 days of incubation. Q-PCR of pmoA and of the 16S rRNA genes of type I and type II methanotrophs, and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes in (13)C-labeled DNA obtained by SIP demonstrated that the type I methanotrophs Methylobacter, Methylomonas, and Methylosoma dominated carbon acquisition from CH(4) in the sediments. The identity and relative abundance of active methanotrophs differed with the incubation temperature. Methylotrophs were also abundant in the microbial community that derived carbon from CH(4), especially in the deeper sediments (depth, 15 to 20 cm) at low temperatures (4°C and 10°C), and showed a good linear relationship (R = 0.82) with the relative abundances of methanotrophs in pyrosequencing reads. This study describes for the first time how methanotrophic communities in arctic lake sediments respond to temperature variations.
Chlorite-Oxidized Amylose as an Adjuvant for Interferon Production (1973)

Chlorite-oxidized amylose (COAM), when given intraperitoneally to mice and to cats, increased the titer of serum interferon subsequently induced by polyinosinic.polycytidylic acid (In.Cn). Increases ranged from 6- to 100-fold. Maximal effect was observed when COAM was given 3 h prior to In.Cn. COAM given intravenously prior to Newcastle disease virus also significantly increased serum interferon titers.
Thermoresponsive chiral plasmonic nanoparticles (2022)

Chiral metallic nanoparticles can exhibit novel plasmonic circular dichroism (PCD) in the ultraviolet and visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Here, we investigate how thermoresponsive dielectric nanoenvironments will influence such PCD responses through poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) modified chiral gold nanorods (AuNRs). We observed the temperature-dependent chiral plasmonic responses distinctly from unmodified counterparts. As for the modified systems, the PCD peaks for both L-AuNRs and D-AuNRs at 50 °C red shifted simultaneously with enhanced intensities compared to the results at 20 °C. In contrast, the unmodified L-AuNRs and D-AuNRs exhibited no peak shift with reduced intensities. Subsequent simulation and experimental studies demonstrated that the enhanced PCD was attributed to PNIPAM chain collapse causing the increase of the refractive index by expelling minute water out of the corona surrounding chiral plasmonic AuNRs. Notably, such thermoresponsive chiral plasmonic responses are reversible, general, and extendable to other types of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles.
Preparation and Efficacy of a Live Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles (2012)

NDV-CS-NPs induced better protection of immunized specific pathogen free chickens compared to the live NDV vaccine strain LaSota and the inactivated NDV vaccine. This study lays a foundation for the further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.
The Artificial Silicon Retina Microchip for the Treatment of VisionLoss From Retinitis Pigmentosa (2004)

No significant safety-related adverse effects were observed. The observation of retinal visual improvement in areas far from the implant site suggests a possible generalized neurotrophic-type rescue effect on the damaged retina caused by the presence of the ASR. A larger clinical trial is indicated to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of a subretinally implanted ASR.
Enhancing General Aviation Safety with Synthetic Vision Systems (2000)

In Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) a 3D flight guidance display depicts environmental data and mission critical information to pilots in order to increase situation awareness. With these systems Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) can be reduced, taxi operation simplified, and navigation abilities significantly enhanced. Such a system consists of four necessary components: 
1. Synthetic Vision Display (SVD)
2. Precise and reliable navigation
3. Accurate and reliable databases
4. Certified hardware

While the Navigation System has to provide information about current position, attitudes, and sensor integrity, the database provides information for terrain, obstacles, airports and navigation data. While the concepts of Synthetic Vision have been around for quite a number of years, it is only the recent advent of newer multifunction display
technology that has enabled practical implementations to be technically and economically feasible. 

This papers discusses new industrial standards (RTCA/EUROCAE committees) to survey and generate worldwide databases for airports, terrain, and obstacles. Also, a methodology to achieve this goal is given. A review of prototype and production Synthetic Vision
Displays (SVD) from Euro Telematik, UPS Advanced Technologies, universal Avionics, VDO-Luftfahrtgeratewerk, and NASA, are discussed. Finally, a NASA-industry cooperation to develop industrial SVS
products under the umbrella of the NASA Aviation Safety Program (ASP) is introduced. A key element of the SVS NASA-ASP is the Jeppesen lead task to develop methods for worldwide database generation and certification. Jeppesen will build three example airport databases that
will be used in flight trials with NASA test aircraft.
A Bayesian method to cluster single-cell RNA sequencing data using copy number alterations (2022)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.