gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyperbolic location errors due to insufficient numbers of receivers (2001)

Animal locations are sometimes estimated by measuring the difference in travel times of their sounds at pairs of receivers. Ideally, each difference specifies the animal’s location to a hyperboloid, and sufficient numbers of intersecting hyperboloids specify the location. Most bioacoustic publications state that one needs three receivers to locate animals in two spatial dimensions and four receivers in three spatial dimensions. However the actual numbers of receivers required for locations in two and three dimensions are four and five, respectively. Significant location errors can result from using insufficient numbers of receivers. Methods are provided for determining locations of ambiguous source-location regions.
A Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of (2S,4R)- and (2S,4S)-4-Methylglutamic Acid (1997)

Both enantiomerically pure (2S,4S)- and (2S,4R)-4-methylglutamic acids have been prepared in an overall 60% yield, by a convenient 7-step synthesis based on C-4 alkylation/epimerization of readily available (S)-pyroglutamic acid.
Use of enhanced external counterpulsation in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with atherosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremity (2019)

The findings suggest that the use of enhanced external counterpulsation in the combination therapy of patients with stages I-IIb oale is a clinically effective and safe treatment.
Nano-switch for study of gold contact behavior (2009)

In this paper we present the fabrication and characterization of a new NEMS DC switch as a vehicle to characterize Au-to-Au contacts at nano-scale. The switch consists of a 1050-nm long, 200-nm wide and 50-nm thick cantilever gold beam. The measured on-state resistance values range from 83 ¿ to 640 ¿ and the actuation voltages from 4 V to 22 V. All measurements are conducted at a current of 1 ¿A and the obtained values are in good qualitative agreement with traditional elastic-plastic contact models. The calculated switching time is 55 ns. Characterization of contacts at nano-scale will be critical for the success of NEMS devices used in ultra low-power sensors. To this end, we examine the impact of such a switch as a leakage control mechanism.
A rapid one-pot synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-3-aroyl-4-hydroxy-1, 1-cyclohexanedicarbonitriles and 2-aminoisophthalonitriles under microwave activation (2003)

Ylidenemalononitriles 1 react with a variety of 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones 2 at ambient temperature and pressure under microwave activation to yield functionalised cyclohexanedicarbonitriles 3 and 2-aminoisophthalonitriles 4 in good yields.
Automated Detection of Mentors and Players in an Educational Game. (2012)

Automatically identifying the various roles (e.g., mentor, player) in multi-party collaborative chat is a challenging task. To better understand the conversational demands of mentors and players, this paper investigates the dynamics and linguistic features of multi-party chat in the context of an online educational game. In this paper we introduce a novel computational linguistics method using a machine learning algorithm to automatically classify utterances of players and mentors in a serious game, where players act as interns in an urban planning firm and discuss their ideas about urban planning and environmental science in written natural language. Our results are promising and our model can be extended to any multi-party environment that lead-ers (Mentors) are needed to be distinguished based on their conversation. Keywords serious game, natural language processing, machine learn-ing, multi-party chat 1.
Thermische Umlagerungen und nucleophile Ringöffnung von cis‐2,3‐Dihydro‐2,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐1,4‐diazepinen (1983)

Abstract Die Thermolyse von cis ‐2,3‐Dihydro‐2,3‐diphenyl‐1 H ‐1,4‐diazepin ( c2a ) bei 150°C in [D 5 ]Brombenzol ergibt unter Ringkontraktion und Abspaltung von ammoniak quantitativ 2,3‐Diphenylpyridin ( 4a ). Dagegen entsteht aus cis ‐2,3‐Dihydro‐2,3,6‐triphenyl‐1 H ‐1,4‐diazepin ( c2b ) bei 140°C in [D 5 ]Brombenzol unter Verlust von C 7 H 8 2,5‐Diphenylpyrimidin ( 5b ) in 70% Ausbeute. Für diese überraschenden Ringkontraktionen werden Mechanismen vorgeschlagen. Durch Piperidin in Methanol wird c2a ·H⊕ in meso ‐1,2‐Diphenyl‐1,2‐ethandiamin ( 12 ) und 1,3‐Dipiperidinopropenylium‐perchlorat ( 13 ) gespalten.
X-Ray Rocking Curve Determination of Twist and Tilt Angles in GaN Films Grown by an Epitaxial-Lateral-Overgrowth Technique (1999)

X-ray rocking curve measurements have been carried out in order to investigate the twisting and tilting in hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) and metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) GaN films fabricated by an epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) technique. The twist angle is directly determined by means of grazing incidence angle X-ray diffraction. It is found that these angles in both MOVPE and HVPE films are significantly reduced by the ELO technique especially for the twist angles. In the MOVPE-ELO GaN film, the tilt and twist angles depend on the stripe direction of the mask pattern, which is closely related to the difference of the growth process.
An application of MMSE predistortion to OFDM systems (1996)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) particularly suffers from the presence of nonlinearities since the signal amplitude is Rayleigh distributed. The degradation introduced by the nonlinear amplifier in the transmitter can be significantly reduced by using an analog cubic predistorter minimum mean square error (MMSE) predistorter proposed by the authors (see ibid., vol.43, no.12, p.2966, 1995).
Role of mprF1 and mprF2 in the Pathogenicity of Enterococcus faecalis (2012)

Our data suggest that only mprF2 is involved in the aminoacylation of PG in enterococci, and is probably responsible for synthesis of Lys-PG, Ala-PG, and Arg-PG, while mprF1 does not seem to have a role in aminoacylation. As in other Gram-positive pathogens, aminoacylation through MprF2 increases resistance against cationic antimicrobial peptides. Unlike mprF found in other bacteria, mprF2 does not seem to be a major virulence factor in enterococci.
Adaptive Distributed Intrusion Detection Using Parametric Model (2009)

Due to the increasing demands for network security, distributed intrusion detection has become a hot research topic in computer science. However, the design and maintenance of the intrusion detection system (IDS) is still a challenging task due to its dynamic, scalability, and privacy properties. In this paper, we propose a distributed IDS framework which consists of the individual and global models. Specifically, the individual model for the local unit derives from Gaussian Mixture Model based on online Adaboost algorithm, while the global model is constructed through the PSO-SVM fusion algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can achieve a good detection performance while being trained online and consuming little traffic to communicate between local units.
Comparison of the Formation of Peppery and Woody Sesquiterpenes Derived from α-Guaiene and α-Bulnesene under Aerial Oxidative Conditions (2015)

Deuterium-labeled guaiane derivatives and their precursors, namely, d5-2R-rotundol (11a), d5-2S-rotundol (11b), d5-bulnesone (14), d5-2R-bulnesol (16), d7-α-guaiene (10), and d7-α-bulnesene (15), were synthesized in good yields as GC-MS internal standards for comparing the behavior of α-guaiene (1) and α-bulnesene (5) under autoxidative conditions. It was found that approximately 99% of α-guaiene coated onto filter paper and exposed to air at ambient temperature was autoxidized after 48 h and up to 7% of rotundone (3) and 0.6% of rotundols (2a/b) were formed during this period. Autoxidation of α-bulnesene (5) was considerably slower, with approximately 80% remaining after 2 days and yielding less than 1.5% of α-bulnesone (7) and 0.3% and 0.9% of bulnesols 6a and 6b, respectively, after 5 days. The results indicate the feasibility of rapid changes of aroma profiles of herbs and other plant materials over time when exposed to air.
Involvement of p62 Nucleoporin in Angiotensin II-Induced Nuclear Translocation of STAT3 in Brain Neurons (1998)

Chronic stimulation of brain neurons by angiotensin II (Ang II) results in a increase in norepinephrine (NE) uptake. This involves stimulation of transcription of NE transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase genes and is associated with translocation of signaling molecules and transcription factors from the cytoplasmic compartment into the neuronal nucleus (). We report here that the phosphorylation of p62, a glycoprotein nucleoporin of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), by MAP kinase is involved in this process. Ang II caused a time-dependent translocation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3) from the cytoplasmic compartment into the nucleus. This translocation was attenuated by pretreatment with antisense oligonucleotide (AON) to MAP kinase. Ang II also stimulated phosphorylation of p62, and a maximal phosphorylation of 12-fold was observed with 100 nM Ang II. This stimulation was blocked by losartan, an AT1 receptor subtype-specific antagonist. The conclusion that MAP kinase is involved in Ang II-induced phosphorylation of p62 and nuclear translocation of STAT3 is supported by the following. (1) p62 phosphorylation was blocked by a peptide that competes with p62 as a MAP kinase substrate both in vitro and in vivo; (2) AON to MAP kinase attenuated Ang II stimulation of p62 phosphorylation; and (3) in addition, it also blocked nuclear translocation of STAT3. Intracellular loading of the peptide containing MAP kinase substrate consensus of the p62 reduced Ang II stimulation of p62 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. These observations suggest that Ang II-induced phosphorylation of p62 may accelerate the activity of the NPC, which would result in an increase in the nuclear transport of transcription factors and signaling molecules. This will stimulate transcriptional processes associated with Ang II regulation of NE neuromodulation.
Segmented bus design for low-power systems (1999)

This paper proposes a bus-segmentation method that efficiently reduces the switched capacitance on the bus. The power consumed by the bus can, therefore, be substantially reduced. The basic idea of bus segmentation is to partition the bus into several bus segments separated by pass transistors. Highly communicating devices are located to adjacent bus segments, thus, most data communication can be achieved by switching a small portion of the bus segments. As a result, power consumption and critical path delay are both reduced. Experimental results obtained by simulating a delay model and a power model demonstrate that the proposed segmented bus system reduces bus power by about 60%-70% and improves critical bus delay by about 10%-30%.
Managing Perishables with Time and Temperature History (2014)

We address the use and value of time and temperature information to manage perishables in the context of a retailer that sells a random lifetime product subject to stochastic demand and lost sales. The product's lifetime is largely determined by the temperature history and the flow time through the supply chain. We compare the case in which information on flow time and temperature history is available and used for inventory management to a base case in which such information is not available. We formulate the two cases as Markov Decision Processes and evaluate the value of information through an extensive simulation using representative, real world supply chain parameters.
Interpreting developmental changes in neuroimaging signals (2010)

The imaging of developmental changes in brain function is challenging, but great strides have been made in addressing many of the conceptual issues that this work raises. I highlight a set of issues that remain to be addressed in this literature. First, I argue that the appeal to developmental neurobiology is often misplaced, as it focuses on neurodevelopmental processes that are mostly completed by the age at which neuroimaging studies can be performed. Second, I argue that the concept of "normative" development needs to be reexamined, as it reflects fundamental value judgments about brain development that seem inappropriate for scientific investigation. Third, I examine the ways in which developmental changes are often interpreted, arguing that common interpretations, including the concepts of "efficiency" and "focalization" may be less useful than commonly supposed. To put developmental neuroimaging on stronger footing, we need to develop stronger connections between computational and neurobiological accounts of developmental changes.
CMV Infection After Letermovir Primary Prophylaxis Discontinuation in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients (2023)

In this single-center study of 61 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients receiving letermovir primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis for the first 100 days, we report 23% incidence of clinically significant CMV infection during the first 100 days after letermovir discontinuation, predominately in haploidentical HCT recipients, without any associations with CMV-DNAemia under letermovir.
The geodynamic evolution of the Alps: what can we learn further from the metasediments (2009)

(1) University of Potsdam, Earth Sciences Depatment, Potsdam, Germany (romain@geo.uni-potsdam.de, 49 332 9775700), (2) Geologisches Institut, Universitat Basel, Switzerland, (3) Geological Survey, Vienna, Austria, (4) Department of Earth Sciences, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany, (5) Department fur Lithosparenforschung, Universtat Wien, Austria, (6) Laboratoire de Geologie, ENS Paris-UMR 8538, France
Extracellular Heat Shock Protein 70 Induces Cardiomyocyte Inflammation and Contractile Dysfunction via TLR2 (2011)

Extracellular HSP70 acting via TLR2 and its obligate downstream adaptor molecule, MyD88, activate NFκB. This causes cardiomyocyte inflammation and decreased contractility.
Endometrial expression and secretion of interleukin-6 throughout the menstrual cycle (2002)

Previous findings revealing reduced endometrial interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression in patients with recurrent early abortions gave rise to the analysis of IL-6 synthesis in the human endometrium, and how it relates to concentrations in uterine secretions. Endometrial tissues and uterine secretions were collected from patients undergoing hysterectomy. Expression of IL-6 receptor and gp130 mRNA (n = 28) in total endometrium, of IL-6 mRNA in endometrial epithelial and stromal cells, and CD45-positive leukocytes were investigated by RNAase protection assay throughout the cycle. IL-6 protein was assessed in endometrial tissue by immunohistochemistry (n = 32) and in uterine secretions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 33). IL-6 mRNA was expressed at low levels in the proliferative phase, and expression increased progressively in the secretory phase. The increase was attributed to epithelial and stromal cells and leukocytes. Concentrations of IL-6 protein in endometrial glands and in uterine secretions were low in the proliferative phase, and increased 5-10-fold in the mid- to late secretory phase. mRNA expression of IL-6 receptor and gp130 remained constant in total endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. High concentrations of IL-6 in the mid-secretory phase, the putative implantation window, and a further increase in the late secretory phase, the premenstrual period, support a role of IL-6 in the regulation of endometrial functions.
Chromosomal mapping and expression levels of a mouse soluble epoxide hydrolase gene (1994)

The chromosomal location of a murine soluble epoxide hydrolase gene was determined using in situ mapping, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) analysis. In situ hybridization to mouse metaphase chromosomes using a soluble epoxide hydrolase cDNA probe showed that soluble epoxide hydrolase maps at band D of chromosome 14. An RFLP found between Mus castaneus (CAST) and Mus musculus (MEV) was used to map the soluble epoxide hydrolase gene in CAST x MEV intersubspecific testcross progeny to 14 cM from the Np-1 locus on mouse chromosome 14. SSLP markers were then used to confirm the location of soluble epoxide hydrolase at 14.0 +/- 3.7 cM distal to Np-1 and 19.2 +/- 4.3 cM proximal to D14Mit7. This region of mouse chromosome 14 is homologous with human chromosomes 8, 13 and 14. Enzyme assays and immunoblotting results suggest significant quantitative differences in expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase among three mouse strains. Northern blotting analysis showed that soluble epoxide hydrolase mRNA levels were correlated with the relative level of soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme activity and soluble epoxide hydrolase protein in all three mouse strains.
Design and Evaluation Frameworks for Advanced RISC-based Ternary Processor (2022)

In this paper, we introduce the design and veri-fication frameworks for developing a fully-functional emerging ternary processor. Based on the existing compiling environments for binary processors, for the given ternary instructions, the software-level framework provides an efficient way to convert the given programs to the ternary assembly codes. We also present a hardware-level framework to rapidly evaluate the performance of a ternary processor implemented in arbitrary design technology. As a case study, the fully-functional 9-trit advanced RISC-based ternary (ART-9) core is newly developed by using the proposed frameworks. Utilizing 24 custom ternary instructions, the 5-stage ART-9 prototype architecture is successfully verified by a number of test programs including dhrystone benchmark in a ternary domain, achieving the processing efficiency of 57.8 DMIPS/W and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$3.06\times 10^{6}$</tex> DMIPS/W in the FPGA-level ternary-logic emulations and the emerging CNTFET ternary gates, respectively.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Distinct Kinase Expression Patterns in Different Subtypes of Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Distinct Kinase Expression Patterns in Different Subtypes of Breast Cancer
A highly potent PROTAC androgen receptor (AR) degrader ARD-61 effectively inhibits AR-positive breast cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo (2020)

The androgen receptor (AR) has been found to be expressed in the majority of human breast cancer and AR antagonists, such as enzalutamide, have shown promising clinical activity in AR-positive (AR+) breast cancer. We have recently reported the discovery of a highly potent PROTAC AR degrader, ARD-61. In this study, we evaluated ARD-61 for its therapeutic potential and mechanism of action in breast cancer models in vitro and in vivo. ARD-61 potently and effectively induces AR degradation in AR+ breast cancer cell lines and is much more potent than enzalutamide in inhibition of cell growth and induction of cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. ARD-61 effectively induces complete AR degradation in xenograft tumor tissue and is more effective than enzalutamide in achieving tumor growth inhibition in the MDA-MB-453 xenograft model in mice. Our study provides strong preclinical rationale to develop AR degraders for the treatment of AR+ human breast cancer.
A Note on Computing Robust Regression Estimates Via Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (1988)

James O. Street, Raymond J. Carroll, David Ruppert, A Note on Computing Robust Regression Estimates Via Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares, The American Statistician, Vol. 42, No. 2 (May, 1988), pp. 152-154
The Long-Short Story of Movie Description (2015)

Generating descriptions for videos has many applications including assisting blind people and human-robot interaction. The recent advances in image captioning as well as the release of large-scale movie description datasets such as MPII Movie Description allow to study this task in more depth. Many of the proposed methods for image captioning rely on pre-trained object classifier CNNs and Long-Short Term Memory recurrent networks (LSTMs) for generating descriptions. While image description focuses on objects, we argue that it is important to distinguish verbs, objects, and places in the challenging setting of movie description. In this work we show how to learn robust visual classifiers from the weak annotations of the sentence descriptions. Based on these visual classifiers we learn how to generate a description using an LSTM. We explore different design choices to build and train the LSTM and achieve the best performance to date on the challenging MPII-MD dataset. We compare and analyze our approach and prior work along various dimensions to better understand the key challenges of the movie description task.
Cholinergic Reversal of Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats as Measured by Cross-approximate Entropy of the Electroencephalogram (2003)

C-ApEn of the bihemispheric electroencephalogram correlates with the return of spontaneous motor signs but not with the nociceptive reflex. Cerebral cholinergic activation dissociates central and peripheral anesthetic effects. C-ApEn, a novel measure of interhemispheric electroencephalogram independence, is a promising correlate of depth of sedation and state of consciousness.
The effect of graphite burn off on multi pass laser forming (2011)

A key factor that influences the degree of forming realised per pass in multi pass laser forming (LF) using infra red lasers is the burn off of an absorptive layer. Typically when laser forming metals with an infra red laser (e.g. CO2, λ = 10.6μm) an absorptive layer such as graphite is used to improve absorption for a defocused laser beam to ~80% from ~3%. This spray painted layer readily absorbs the incident radiation, burns at high temperature and transfers heat to the substrate. The overall absorption coefficient therefore depends on the thermal properties of the substrate. Per pass this layer will be degraded and will influence the absorption and hence bend angle achieved in subsequent passes. Through experimentation and simulation this paper investigates the influence of graphite coating degradation on multi-pass LF.
Degradation of the Gluconeogenic Enzymes Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and Malate Dehydrogenase Is Mediated by Distinct Proteolytic Pathways and Signaling Events (2004)

The key gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) is subjected to catabolite inactivation and degradation when glucose-starved cells are replenished with fresh glucose. In various studies, the proteasome and the vacuole have each been reported to be the major site of FBPase degradation. Because different growth conditions were used in these studies, we examined whether variations in growth conditions could alter the site of FBPase degradation. Here, we demonstrated that FBPase was degraded outside the vacuole (most likely in the proteasome), when glucose was added to cells that were grown in low glucose media for a short period of time. By contrast, cells that were grown in the same low glucose media for longer periods of time degraded FBPase in the vacuole in response to glucose. Another gluconeogenic enzyme malate dehydrogenase (MDH2) showed the same degradation characteristics as FBPase in that the short term starvation of cells led to a non-vacuolar degradation, whereas long term starvation resulted in the vacuolar degradation of this protein. The N-terminal proline is required for the degradation of FBPase and MDH2 for both the vacuolar and non-vacuolar proteolytic pathways. The cAMP signaling pathway and the phosphorylation of glucose were needed for the vacuolar-dependent degradation of FBPase and MDH2. By contrast, the cAMP-dependent signaling pathway was not involved in the non-vacuolar degradation of these proteins, although the phosphorylation of glucose was required.