gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-critical two-dimensional smectic-C to solid-like phase transition in azobenzene-derivative Langmuir monolayers (2001)

We describe the results of a detailed study of two-dimensional (2D) smectic-C to solid-like phase transition in azobenzene-derivative Langmuir monolayers by the surface pressure vs area-per-molecule isotherm measurement, polarizing optical microscopy, and the grazing incidence synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The phase transition was observed to be weakly first order up to slightly above room temperature with a transition entropy less than 1.0 kB per molecule, accompanied by proper characteristics of a nearly ideal horizontal coexistence line on the isotherm, an abrupt change in optical texture, and the emergence of a conspicuous x-ray diffraction peak in the solid-like phase, which indicates a weak positional order with a correlation length of 10–20 nm. Analysis of the x-ray diffraction data within the framework of distorted hexagonal lattice suggests that the solid-like phase may be regarded as a 2D analog of smectic-L phase that is a hexatic smectic phase with the molecules tilted toward a direction between the nearest and the next-nearest bonds. At higher temperatures, the transition became less discontinuous and entirely disappeared above 40 °C in all these experimental aspects. We argue that the transition is viewed as a 2D induced hexatic–hexatic transition (analog of smectic-C to smectic-L transition), which has an isolated critical point where the first-order transition comes to an end.
Trace Elements in Laboratory Rodents (2020)

General Overview AIN-93 Purified Diets for the Study of Trace Elements Metabolism in Rodents, P.G. Reeves Basic Tissue Preparation for Electron Microscopy Assessment of Rodents, R. Wildman Iron Dietary Iron: Deficiency or Excess, S.M. Smith and H.C. Lukaski The Use of Iron-Dextran to Produce Iron Overload in Rodents, P. Carthew and A.G. Smith Extraction and Analysis of Iron Species in Diet and Gut, R.J. Simpson, C. Oguakoya, and T.J. Peters Manganese Manganese Deficiency and Excess in Rodents, J.W. Finley and P.E. Johnson Manganese Uptake in Tissues In Vitro: Tissue Slices as Models, G.D.V. van Rossum and T. Galeotti Selenium Selenium Diets: Deficiency and Excess, M. Christensen Selenium in Tissue Culture, C.A. Wardle and A. Shenkin Copper Copper Deficient and Excess Diets: Theoretical Considerations and Preparations, M.J. Werman and S.J. Bhathena Copper in Tissue Culture, E. Harris, E. Tiffany-Castiglioni, and Y. Qian Zinc Zinc Diets: Deficiency and Excess, M. Panemangalore and F.N. Bebe Zinc Radiotracer in the Study of the Mechanisms of Zinc Homeostasis, D. Oberleas Other Trace Elements Dietary Boron Deficiency and Supplementation, C.D. Hunt Measurements of Boron in Rodent Diets and Tissues, C.D. Hunt Methods for Studying Dietary Lead and its Toxicity in Rodents, J.D. Bogden Methods in Chromium Dietary Supplementation and Deficiency, G.S. Morris, M. Hegsted, and D.L. Hasten Isolation and In Vitro Analysis of Biologically Active Chromium, D.M. Stearns Calcium Bioavailability Using a Rat Model, M.A. Bock and C. Weaver Vanadium Quantitation, Essentiality, and Pharmacologic and Toxicological Studies in Rodents, B.D. Martin, R.A. Felty, D.M. Stearns, and K.E. Wetterhahn Nickel-Low Diet Formulation and Tissue Nickel Measurement, E.O. Uthus Index
Soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) enhances poly(I:C)-induced RIPK1-mediated necroptosis (2018)

TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide (CHX) sensitize for poly(I:C)-induced cell death. Notably, although CHX preferentially enhanced poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis, TWEAK enhanced primarily poly(I:C)-induced necroptosis. Both sensitizers of poly(I:C)-induced cell death, however, showed no major effect on proinflammatory poly(I:C) signaling. Analysis of a panel of HeLa-RIPK3 variants lacking TRADD, RIPK1, FADD, or caspase-8 expression revealed furthermore similarities and differences in the way how poly(I:C)/TWEAK, TNF, and TRAIL utilize these molecules for signaling. RIPK1 turned out to be essential for poly(I:C)/TWEAK-induced caspase-8-mediated apoptosis but was dispensable for this response in TNF and TRAIL signaling. TRADD-RIPK1-double deficiency differentially affected poly(I:C)-triggered gene induction but abrogated gene induction by TNF completely. FADD deficiency abrogated TRAIL- but not TNF- and poly(I:C)-induced necroptosis, whereas TRADD elicited protective activity against all three death inducers. A general protective activity against poly(I:C)-, TRAIL-, and TNF-induced cell death was also observed in FLIP<sub>L</sub> and FLIP<sub>S</sub> transfectrants.
Microfluidic-assisted biomineralization of CRISPR/Cas9 in near-infrared responsive metal–organic frameworks for programmable gene-editing (2022)

Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) based CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system shows great potential in biomedical applications. However, due to the large size, charged surface and high biological sensitivity of RNP, its efficient delivery with precise control remains highly challenging. Herein, a microfluidic-assisted metal-organic framework (MOF) based biomineralization strategy is designed and utilized for the efficient delivery and remote regulation of CRISPR/Cas9 RNP gene editing. The strategy is realized by biomimetic growing of thermo-responsive EuMOFs onto photothermal template Prussian blue (PB). The RNP is loaded during MOFs crystallization in microfluidic channels. By adjusting different microfluidic parameters, well-defined and comparable RNP encapsulated nanocarrier (PB@RNP-EuMOFs) are obtained with high loading efficiency (60%), remarkable RNP protection and NIR-stimulated release capacity. Upon laser exposure, the nanocarrier induces effective endosomal escape (4 h) and precise gene knockout of green fluorescent protein by 40% over 2 days. Moreover, the gene-editing activity can be programmed by tuning exposure times (42% for three times and 47% for four times), proving more controllable and inducible editing modality compared to control group without laser irradiation. This novel microfluidic-assisted MOFs biomineralization strategy thus offers an attractive route to optimize delivery systems and reduce off-target side effects by NIR-triggered remote control of CRISPR/Cas9 RNP, improving the potential for its highly efficient and precise therapeutic application.
10-spatial-mode 1300-km Transmission over 6-LP Graded Index Few-Mode Fiber with 36-ns Modal Dispersion (2023)

We demonstrate record-long 10-mode-multiplexed transmission over 1300 km with 6-LP few-mode-fiber with modal dispersion coefficient of 157 ps/km. Modal-dispersion-unmanaged link was built by cyclic mode-group permutation, achieving reduction in modal dispersion accumulation by 82 %.
Web Services Dynamic Discovery (WS- Discovery) Version 1.1 (2009)

This specification defines a discovery protocol to locate services. In an ad hoc mode of operation, probes are sent to a multicast group, and target services that match return a response directly to the requester. To scale to a large number of endpoints and to extend the reach of the protocol, this protocol defines a managed mode of operation and a multicast suppression behavior if a discovery proxy is available on the network. To minimize the need for polling, target services that wish to be discovered send an announcement when they join and leave the network.
Neisseria meningitidis and meningococcal disease: recent discoveries and innovations (2019)

Meningococcal disease is well defined genomically for epidemiological purposes. There is potential for unpredictable emergence of clones that may have reduced susceptibility even to modern vaccines, and continued surveillance and vigilance is necessary. However, tremendous strides have been made in recent years.
3D Reconstruction of the Left Ventricle From Four Echocardiographic Projections (2014)

The left ventricle (LV) of a human heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it throughout the body via the aortic valve. Characterizing the LV geometry, its motion, and the ventricular flow is critical in assessing the heart’s health. An automated method has been developed in this work to generate a three-dimensional (3D) model of the LV from multiple-axis echocardiography (echo). Image data from three long-axis sections and a basal section is processed to compute spatial nodes on the LV surface. The generated surfaces are output in a standard format such that it can be imported into the curvilinear-immersed boundary (CURVIB) framework for numerical simulation of the flow inside the LV. The 3D LV model can be used for better understanding of the ventricular motion and the simulation framework provides a powerful tool for studying left ventricular flows on a patient specific basis. Future work would incorporate data from additional cross-sectional images.
Imnunolocalización de la fibronectina, laminina y macrófagos en membranas vitreorretinianas de la retinopatía diabética proliferativa (1992)

RESUMEN La Retinopatía Diabética Proliferativa (RDP) se caracteriza por una proliferación fibrovascular intraocular con la formación de membranas prerretinianas que predisponen a Desprendimientos de Retina (DR) traccionales y hemorragias en el vítreo. Aunque sean considerables los estudios morfológicos acerca de estas membranas, su fisiopatogénesis es apenas conocida. Recientemente se ha descrito la posible participación de factores humorales y de la matriz extracelular en la angiogénesis y en su formación. Con el objetivo de identificar la distribución de algunos de estos posibles factores, hemos realizado um estudio inmunocitoquímico para la detección de la Laminina (LN) y de la Fibronectina (FN), en una serie de 18 membranas fibrovasculares, obtenidas de ojos portadores de RDP y sometidos a vitrectomía. Ambas glucoproteínas presentam una localización vascular; la FN en disposición luminal, y la LN en disposición basal con respecto a las células endoteliales de los capilares. La inmunolocalización también ha confirmado la presencia de macrófagos, sugiriendo que el proceso proliferativo intraocular puede ser considerado como una forma modificada de formación cicatricial.
Bandwidth extension of audio signal based on SOM prediction model (2012)

In this paper, a blind bandwidth extension approach is proposed based on prediction model of self-organizing map (SOM). Owing to nonlinear characteristics of audio spectrum series, the fine spectrum of low-frequency (LF) information is first described based on the principles of nonlinear dynamic, and then phase points are derived from reconstructing fine spectrum in phase space. Next, these phase points are trained by SOM algorithm to obtain the SOM structure. Thus, the fine structure of high-frequency spectrum can be recovered with SOM prediction model. Combining with Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to adjust spectral envelope of extended high-frequency (HF) components, the bandwidth of wideband audio signal is extended to super-wideband. Both subjective and objective testing results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the reference approaches in most cases.
The antiangiogenic activity of cleaved high molecular weight kininogen is mediated through binding to endothelial cell tropomyosin (2002)

Conformationally altered proteins and protein fragments derived from the extracellular matrix and hemostatic system may function as naturally occurring angiogenesis inhibitors. One example of such a protein is cleaved high molecular weight kininogen (HKa). HKa inhibits angiogenesis by inducing apoptosis of proliferating endothelial cells, effects mediated largely by HKa domain 5. However, the mechanisms underlying the antiangiogenic activity of HKa have not been characterized, and its binding site on proliferating endothelial cells has not been defined. Here, we report that the induction of endothelial cell apoptosis by HKa, as well as the antiangiogenic activity of HKa in the chick chorioallantoic membrane, was inhibited completely by antitropomyosin monoclonal antibody TM-311. TM-311 also blocked the high-affinity Zn2+-dependent binding of HKa to both purified tropomyosin and proliferating endothelial cells. Confocal microscopic analysis of endothelial cells stained with monoclonal antibody TM-311, as well as biotin labeling of cell surface proteins on intact endothelial cells, revealed that tropomyosin exposure was enhanced on the surface of proliferating cells. These studies demonstrate that the antiangiogenic effects of HKa depend on high-affinity binding to endothelial cell tropomyosin.
A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Control Feasibility Trial of Immunoglobulin Treatment for Prevention of Recurrent Acute Exacerbations of COPD (2021)

NCT0290038, registered 24 February 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02690038 and NCT03018652, registered January 12, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03018652.
SAFETY BRIEF Critique: Drain Cover Standard ASME/ANSI - A112.19.8M-1987 (1996) Case Study: Steering Wheel (2002)

The current ASME/ANSI standard for pool/spa drain covers is relied upon as an effective guideline for drain system safety by pool industry practitioners, state building code commissions, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the National Spa and Pool Institute, and a myriad of pool safety sophisticates. In fact, it is a license to kill. To demonstrate its shortcomings in the dawn of its next revision, an ordinary steering wheel is shown to satisfy the current standard while exposing bathers to every known fatal drain cover scenario. The paper raises a new issue: ASME, ANSI and pool professionals may all be in legal jeopardy.
Value and Policy Iterations in Optimal Control and Adaptive Dynamic Programming (2015)

In this paper, we consider discrete-time infinite horizon problems of optimal control to a terminal set of states. These are the problems that are often taken as the starting point for adaptive dynamic programming. Under very general assumptions, we establish the uniqueness of the solution of Bellman's equation, and we provide convergence results for value and policy iterations.
Autoimmune phenotype with type I interferon signature in two brothers with ADA2 deficiency carrying a novel CECR1 mutation (2017)

Our findings demonstrate that ADA2 deficiency can cause an unusual autoimmune phenotype extending the phenotypic spectrum of PAN. Constitutive interferon I activation in patient blood suggests a possible role of type I interferon in disease pathogenesis which may have therapeutic implications.
ChemInform Abstract: RING‐OPENING REACTIONS OF CERTAIN 2‐CARBONYL‐SUBSTITUTED CYCLOPROPYLAMINES (1975)

Abstract 2‐Carbomethoxy‐cyclopropancarbonsäure (Ia) reagiert über das Säurechlorid (Ib) in Gegenwart von Benzylalkohol nach Curtius zum Carbaminat (II), das jedoch einer Hydrogenolyse widersteht.
Selective treatment of carious dentin using a mid-infrared tunable pulsed laser at 6 μm wavelength range (2011)

Optical technologies have good potential for caries detection, prevention, excavation, and the realization of minimal intervention dentistry. This study aimed to develop a selective excavation technique of carious tissue using the specific absorption in 6 &mu;m wavelength range. Bovine dentin demineralized with lactic acid solution was used as a carious dentin model. A mid-infrared tunable pulsed laser was obtained by difference-frequency generation technique. The wavelength was tuned to 6.02 and 6.42 &mu;m which correspond to absorption bands called amide I and amide II, respectively. The laser delivers 5 ns pulse width at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The morphological change after irradiation was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the measurement of ablation depth was performed with a confocal laser microscope. At &lambda; = 6.02 &mu;m and the average power density of 15 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, demineralized dentin was removed selectively with less-invasive effect on sound dentin. The wavelength of 6.42 &mu;m also showed the possibility of selective removal. High ablation efficiency and low thermal side effect were observed using the nanosecond pulsed laser with &lambda; = 6.02 &mu;m. In the near future, development of compact laser device will open the minimal invasive laser treatment to the dental clinic.
<title>Micro-strain gauge endoscopic tactile sensor using two sensing elements for tissue manipulation</title> (2000)

Currently available commercial endoscopic graspers do not have any built-in sensors. Thus, the surgeon does not have any tactile feed-back to manipulate tissues safely. This paper reports on the design, fabrication and testing of a semiconductor micro-strain gauge endoscopic tactile sensor. This sensor consists of two semiconductor micro-strain gauge sensors which are positioned at the back face of an endoscopic grasper. It can measure the magnitude and the position of the applied force with only two sensing elements. The amplification system for the strain gauge is also designed and fabricated. It is shown that when a force is applied to the endoscopic grasper, the magnitude of the applied force can be visually seen in an LED device. The position of the applied force is obtained by combining the output from two insulated strain gauges. We have shown that the grasper operates in a wet environment. It exhibits high force sensitivity, large dynamic range, and good linearity. The sensor is integrated with a commercial endoscopic tool. The advantages and disadvantages of the system are also discussed.
Microsecond Analysis of Transient Molecules Using Bi-Directional Capillary Electrophoresis (2009)

We demonstrate the feasibility for minimizing electrophoretic analysis times of transient chemical species by inducing nascent, oppositely charged photochemical products to migrate in opposite directions from their point of creation. In this approach, separate probe sites are positioned within an electrophoretic channel both upfield and downfield from a photoreaction site formed by high-numerical-aperture optics, with positively charged (and in some cases neutral) components migrating toward one probe site and negatively charged species migrating in the opposite direction, toward the second probe site. As a proof-of-concept, fluorescent photoproducts of the hydroxyindoles, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), 5-hydroxytrptophan, and 5-hydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid, are formed within a geometrically modified capillary and are transported electrophoretically and electroosmotically to probe sites several micrometers away. Although it is possible to detect all components in a single channel, or to use a two-channel imaging approach to independently detect positive and negative components, we have found the most rapid analysis approach involves a protocol in which laser light is alternately directed to opposing probe sites at high frequency (1 kHz), a strategy that allows positive and negative species to be detected with no cross-talk, even when components have overlapping detection times. Fluorescence-signal-averaging is performed on each temporal channel via summation of the two sequences of interdigitized electrophoretic traces. This approach allows photoproducts to be detected free from interferences from oppositely charged species, enabling positive and negative species in a mixture to be analyzed electrophoretically in ca. 6 micros, a period several-fold faster than was previously feasible using unidirectional electrophoresis.
Fellgett's Advantage in uv-VIS Multiplex Spectroscopy (1976)

The effect of multiplexing in Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) (and other coding techniques such as Hadamard transform spectroscopy) on the signal/noise ratio arises from two factors. The first of these is a N½ improvement for a spectrum containing N resolution elements since each individual resolution element is now viewed for an N-fold longer time. The second factor is due to the simultaneous observation of all resolution elements, raising the signal level by a factor N for an uniform spectrum.
Quantum upper limit SERS from sub-1-nm random gaps for quantitative chemical and biological sensing (2021)

We report a strategy to fabricate high-density random metallic nanopatterns with accurately controlled nanogaps defined by atomic-layer-deposition and self-assembled-monolayer processes for quantitative chemical and biological sensing with a record-high uniformity over a large area.
Ion-mediated charge transport in ionomeric electrolytes (2016)

Ionomers, or single-ion conductors, serve as a model system to study ion transport in polymeric systems. Conductivity is a system property that depends on the net charge transport in the system. The mechanism through which ions are transported can dramatically change the contribution of an ion's self-motion (i.e. diffusion coefficient) to the conductivity of the system. For example, positive and negative ions diffusing as a pair have no net contribution to conductivity. In a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation of sodium-neutralized poly(PEO-co-sulfoisophthalate), we show that ion transport is mediated through consecutive coordination with ion pairs and higher order clusters due to the high density of ions. This transport mechanism is highly efficient and shows evidence of cation relaying. We show that larger ion aggregates can serve as ion-conducting paths for positive charges, and demonstrate how a highly ordered ion aggregate network can improve conductivity by enhancing correlated ion transport.
Apost hocanalysis on the effects of a probiotic mixture on asthma exacerbation frequency in schoolchildren (2022)

<b>The present randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study showed that a probiotic mixture significantly reduced the number of asthma exacerbations in schoolchildren</b> https://bit.ly/382LYKV.
Experimental Microscopy of Food Systems (2002)

Journal Article Experimental Microscopy of Food Systems Get access Eric Kolodziejczyk, Eric Kolodziejczyk Food Science & Process Research, Nestlé Research Center, CH- 1000 Lausanne 26 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Martin Michel Martin Michel Food Science & Process Research, Nestlé Research Center, CH- 1000 Lausanne 26 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 8, Issue S02, 1 August 2002, Pages 236–237, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927602100109 Published: 01 August 2002
Stable Takens' Embedding for linear dynamical systems (2010)

Takens' Embedding Theorem gives theoretical justification for the use of delay coordinate maps in characterizing and predicting nonlinear dynamical systems. However, in practice imperfections such as system and measurement noise may render these results unusable. In this paper, we consider conditions allowing for a stable version of Takens' Embedding Theorem in the restricted case of linear dynamical systems. Our work is inspired from results from the field of Compressive Sensing, where signals from a low-dimensional signal family residing in a high-dimensional space can be robustly recovered from compressive measurements only if the measurement form a stable embedding of the signal family. In particular, we show that a stable embedding of the attractor of the dynamical system is indeed possible and give sufficient conditions on the number of delays and the observation function for the delay coordinate maps to be stabilized. In addition, we also show that when the attractor is an ellipse, the conditioning of the embedding is lower bounded by a positive constant dependent only on the dynamical system and not within control of the experimentalist. We illustrate our results with an example linear dynamical system converging to an elliptical attractor. Our analysis in this paper will give insights into stable Takens' Embedding of general dynamical systems.