gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Inhibition of Growth of Human Tumor Lines by Flavonoid Fractions From Cranberry Extract (2006)

Edible fruits and berries may serve as sources for novel anticancer agents, given that extracts of these foods have demonstrated cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines. Semipurified, flavonoid-rich extracts of cranberry (Vaccinia macrocarpa) were shown previously to arrest proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis. However, the ability of cranberry flavonoids to inhibit tumor growth in vivo has not been reported other than in a preliminary report. As model systems for testing this activity, human tumor cell lines representative of three malignancies were chosen: glioblastoma multiforme (U87), colon carcinoma (HT-29), and androgen-independent prostate carcinoma (DU145). A flavonoid-rich fraction 6 (Fr6) and a more purified proanthocyanidin (PAC)-rich fraction were isolated from cranberry presscake and whole cranberry, respectively, by column chromatography. Fr6 and PAC each significantly slowed the growth of explant tumors of U87 in vivo, and PAC inhibited growth of HT-29 and DU145 explants (P < 0.05), inducing complete regression of two DU145 tumor explants. Flow cytometric analyses of in vitro-treated U87 cells indicated that Fr6 and PAC could arrest cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle (P < 0.05) and also induce cell death within 24 to 48 h of exposure (P < 0.05). These results indicate the presence of a potential anticancer constituent in the flavonoid-containing fractions from cranberry extracts.
Phase III , randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of the β 3 ‐adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron, 50 mg once daily, in J apanese patients with overactive bladder (2014)

Mirabegron 50 mg once daily is an effective treatment for OAB symptoms, with a low occurrence of side effects in a Japanese population.
Effects of vancomycin on renal function in rats (1981)

To assess the effects of vancomycin on the kidney, we gave rats doses of 10, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg per day. Creatinine clearance and urine protein excretion did not differ significantly from the control values. Urine osmolality was unchanged. Mild histological changes occurred in rats given the highest dose. We conclude that although histopathological changes occurred at high doses, vancomycin does not alter renal function in rats.
Male gynecomastia and risk for malignant tumours – a cohort study (2002)

There is a significant increased risk of testicular cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in men who have been operated on for gynecomastia.
Security in Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) using Trusted Platform Module (TPM): A Survey (2018)

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are gaining more attention from automobile industries due to user safety on highway. However, security and safety critical issues need to be resolved before deployment of VANET in real environment. In this paper, we are providing a comprehensive survey on the usage of trusted platform module (TPM) in VANET. VANET is a open wireless environment where vehicle can communicate with other vehicles and also with roadside unit where any infected rogue vehicle can perform malicious actions on fellow vehicles. Security threats caused by rogue vehicles can endanger life of passengers. Trust is an important key factor and it can be introduced inside VANET environment using TPM hardware. The core purpose of this survey is to highlight the security threats in VANET and provide security architecture built upon TPM to mitigate all discussed threats.
Environmental Effects Dominate the Folding of Oligocholates in Solution, Surfactant Micelles, and Lipid Membranes (2010)

Oligocholate foldamers with different numbers and locations of guanidinium-carboxylate salt bridges were synthesized. The salt bridges were introduced by incorporating arginine and glutamic acid residues into the foldamer sequence. The conformations of these foldamers were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy in homogeneous solution, anionic and nonionic micelles, and lipid bilayers. Environmental effects instead of inherent foldability were found to dominate the folding. As different noncovalent forces become involved in the conformations of the molecules, the best folder in one environment could turn into the worst in another. Preferential solvation was the main driving force for the folding of oligocholates in solution. The molecules behaved very differently in micelles and lipid bilayers, with the most critical factors controlling the folding-unfolding equilibrium being the solvation of ionic groups and the abilities of the surfactants/lipids to compete for the salt bridge. Because of their ability to fold into helices with a nonpolar exterior and a polar interior, the oligocholates could transport large hydrophilic molecules such as carboxyfluorescein across lipid bilayers. Both the conformational properties of the oligocholates and their binding with the guest were important to the transport efficiency.
Silver‐Catalyzed Aldehyde Olefination Using Siloxyalkynes (2010)

We describe the development of a silver-catalyzed carbonyl olefination employing electron rich siloxy alkynes. This process constitutes an efficient synthesis of trisubstituted unsaturated esters, and represents an alternative to the widely utilized Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction. Excellent diastereoselectivities are observed for a range of aldehydes using either 1-siloxy-1-propyne or 1-siloxy-1-hexyne. This mild catalytic process also enables chemoselective olefination of aldehydes in the presence of either ester or ketone functionality. Furthermore, since no by-products are generated, this catalytic process is perfectly suited for development of sequential reactions that can be carried out in a single flask.
Supplementary Data from Early Intervention with Lenalidomide in Patients with High-risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary file&lt;/p&gt;
Hollow Multivoid Nanocuboids Derived from Ternary Ni–Co–Fe Prussian Blue Analog for Dual‐Electrocatalysis of Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions (2018)

Abstract Hydrogen generation from electrochemical water‐splitting is an attractive technology for clean and efficient energy conversion and storage, but it requires efficient and robust non‐noble electrocatalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER). Nonprecious transition metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the most promising precursors for developing advanced functional catalysts with high porosity and structural rigidity. Herein, a new transition metal‐based hollow multivoid nanocuboidal catalyst synthesized from a ternary Ni–Co–Fe (NCF)‐MOF precursor is rationally designed to produce dual‐functionality toward OER and HER. Differing ion exchanging rates of the ternary transition metals within the prussian blue analog MOF precursor are exploited to produce interconnected internal voids, heteroatom doping, and a favorably tuned electronic structure. This design strategy significantly increases active surface area and pathways for mass transport, resulting in excellent electroactivities toward OER and HER, which are competitive with recently reported single‐function nonprecious catalysts. Moreover, outstanding electrochemical durability is realized due to the unique rigid and interconnected porous structure which considerably retains initial rapid charge transfer and mass transport of active species. The MOF‐based material design strategy demonstrated here exemplifies a novel and versatile approach to developing non‐noble electrocatalysts with high activity and durability for advanced electrochemical water‐splitting systems.
Practical Quantum Communication and Processing (2021)

Nanophotonics offers the platform for large-scale implementation of quantum processors. A number of groundbreaking experiments of quantum information processing, based on bosonic interference, have recently been realized. The most important issues are the practical scalability of quantum circuits, the ability to perform quantum logic gates with error rates below the fault-tolerant threshold, and the incorporation into large-scale quantum circuits with realistic physical resources and single-photon detectors packed on an optical chip.
Association Between a Type 2 Inflammatory Disease Burden Score and Outcomes Among Patients with Asthma (2021)

Asthma patients with a higher cumulative cT2 burden score were more likely to experience worse asthma outcomes than those without any cT2 (burden score of 0).
Sustained improvement in fellows’ echocardiographic completeness through the coronavirus pandemic with a standardised imaging protocol (2022)

First-year cardiology fellows must quickly learn basic competency in echocardiography during fellowship orientation. This educational process was disrupted in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic, as our hands-on echocardiography teaching transitioned from practice on paediatric volunteers to simulation-based training. We previously described an improvement in echocardiographic completeness after implementation of a standardised imaging protocol for the performance of acute assessments of ventricular function. Herein, we assessed whether this improvement could be sustained over the two subsequent years, including the fellowship year affected by the pandemic. Echocardiograms performed by first-year paediatric cardiology fellows to assess ventricular function were reviewed for completeness. The frequency with which each requested component was included was measured. A total demographic score (out of 7) and total imaging score (out of 23) were calculated. The pre-protocol years (2015-2017) were compared to the post-protocol years (2018-2020), and the pre-COVID years (2018-2019) were compared to the year affected by COVID (2020). There was a sustained improvement in completeness after protocol implementation with improvement in the demographic score (median increasing from 6 to 7, p < 0.001) and imaging score (median increasing from 13 to 16, p < 0.001). More individual components showed a statistically significant increase in frequency compared to our prior publication. The COVID pandemic resulted in very few differences in completeness. Demographic reporting improved modestly (p = 0.04); the imaging score was unchanged (p = 0.59). The only view obtained less frequently was the apical two-chamber view. A standardised imaging protocol allowed sustained improvements in echocardiographic completeness despite the disruption of fellowship orientation by COVID-19.
Current Collapse-Free and Self-Heating Performances in Normally Off GaN Nanowire GAA-MOSFETs (2018)

Normally off lateral GaN nanowire gate-all-around MOSFETs have been fabricated on the GaN-on-insulator substrate. The dynamic measurement proved that the devices with various nanowire heights exhibit current collapse-free characteristics implying that the electrons in the isolated nanowire channel do not suffer from trapping effects. However, the dc current level measured at high drain and gate voltage is reduced to approximately one half of the value measured in dynamic mode. This is attributed to the difficulty in heat dissipation because the suspended lateral nanowire channel is thermally isolated from the substrate. However, the heat dissipation is mitigated as the nanowire size increases.
Design of robust test criteria in analog testing (1996)

Test design of analog circuits based on statistical methods for decision making is a topic of growing interest. The major problem of such statistical approaches with respect to industrial applicability concerns the confidence with which the determined test criteria can be applied in production testing. This mainly refers to the consideration of measurement noise, to the selected measurements, as well as to the required training and validation samples. These crucial topics are addressed in this paper. On exploiting experience from the statistical design of analog circuits and from pattern recognition methods, efficient solutions to these problems are provided. A very robust test design is achieved by systematically considering measurement noise, by selecting most significant measurements, and by using most meaningful samples. Moreover, parametric as well as catastrophic faults are covered on application of digital testing methods.
Conformationally Rigid Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted α‐Amino Acid Designed for Peptide Structure Analysis by Solid‐State 19F NMR Spectroscopy (2006)

Designing a sturdy label: The fluorinated amino acid l-CF3-Bpg (see picture), which was specifically designed as a 19F NMR label for structure analysis of membrane-bound peptides, does not display the drawbacks of previously used labels. The amino acid can be readily incorporated into peptides and is particularly suitable as a substitute for Leu, Ile, and Met.
Encapsuled nanoreactors (Au@SnO2): a new sensing material for chemical sensors (2012)

New Au@SnO2 yolk-shell nanospheres have been successfully synthesized by using Au@SiO2 nanospheres as sacrificial templates. This process is environmentally friendly and is based on hydrothermal shell-by-shell deposition of polycrystalline SnO2 on spheriform Au@SiO2 nanotemplates. Au nanoparticles can be impregnated into the SnO2 nanospheres and the nanospheres show outer diameters of 110 nm and thicknesses of 15 nm. The possible growth model of the nanospheres is proposed. The gas sensing properties of the Au@SnO2 yolk-shell nanospheres were researched and compared with that of the hollow SnO2 nanospheres. The former shows lower operating temperature (210 °C), lower detection limit (5 ppm), faster response (0.3 s) and better selectivity. These improved sensing properties were attributed to the catalytic effect of Au, and enhanced electron depletion at the surface of the Au@SnO2 yolk-shell nanospheres.
Studies on the Mechanism of B(C6F5)3‐Catalyzed Hydrostannylation of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives (2012)

Doppelter H-Verlust: Die Lewis-Säure B(C6F5)3 katalysiert die regio- und stereoselektive Hydrostannylierung von Propargylalkoholen (siehe Schema). Zunächst abstrahiert sie ein Hydrid vom Stannan unter Bildung eines Borhydrid/Stannylkation-Paars, dessen Stabilität von Solvens und Liganden abhängt. Deuteriummarkierung zeigt, dass das Alkenylkation sein Hydrid im nächsten Schritt nicht vom Borhydrid, sondern von einem zweiten Stannanmolekül erhält. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Adaptive reduction of motion artifact in a portable ECG system (2010)

The reduction of motion artifact in the ECG applications has become a more and more important issue. In this paper, we have successfully developed a novel motion artifact reduction method by the combination of G-sensor and skin-stretched sensor for the hardware and a master-slave multiple noise reduction algorithm for the software. A portable ECG system with our proposed noise reduction method can easily be used in living activities, such as walking and chest expansion.
Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine with EGR using Fuels Derived from Oil Sands and Conventional Crude (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The exhaust emissions from a single-cylinder version of a heavy-duty diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were studied using 12 diesel fuels derived from oil sands and conventional sources. The test fuels were blended from 22 refinery streams to produce four fuels (two from each source) at three different total aromatic levels (10, 20, and 30% by mass). The cetane numbers were held constant at 43. Exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL eight-mode steady-state test procedure. PM emissions were accurately modeled by a single regression equation with two predictors, total aromatics and sulphur content. Sulphate emissions were found to be independent of the type of sulphur compound in the fuel. NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions were accurately modeled by a single regression equation with total aromatics and density as predictor variables. PM and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions were significantly significantly affected by fuel properties, but crude oil source did not play a role.&lt;/div&gt;
Quantification of the Plasma Concentrations of Perampanel Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Effects of the CYP3A4*1G Polymorphism in Japanese Patients (2020)

Here, we developed a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantification of perampanel in clinical practice and investigated the relationships between the plasma concentrations of perampanel obtained by this HPLC method and the CYP3A4*1G polymorphism. The developed HPLC method was validated based on US Food and Drug Administration. The developed HPLC method could be performed with a plasma volume of only 200 μL and had a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.5 ng/mL. The coefficients of variation (CVs) for intra- and inter-day assays were less than 10.4 and 7.2%, respectively, and the accuracy was <2.4% for both assays. A total of 12 patients who received 2 mg perampanel had C0 values ranging from 70.5 to 451 ng/mL, and the CV showed a large variation of 51.4%. No correlations were observed between the dose-adjusted C0 and the CYP3A4*1G polymorphism. This method was superior to previously reported methods in terms of plasma volume and LOQ and was clinically applicable. Perampanel showed high variations in individual plasma concentrations; however, individual differences could not be predicted from analysis of the CYP3A4*1G polymorphism before perampanel administration. Therefore, after beginning perampanel treatment, the dose should be determined based on the observed plasma concentration.
ChemInform Abstract: BINEPINES: Chiral Binaphthalene‐Core Monophosphepine Ligands for Multipurpose Asymmetric Catalysis (2011)

Abstract Review: 70 refs.
One hop reputations for peer to peer file sharing workloads (2008)

An emerging paradigm in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks is to explicitly consider incentives as part of the protocol design in order to promote good (or discourage bad) behavior. However, effective incentives are hampered by the challenges of a P2P environment, e.g. transient users and no central authority. In this paper, we quantify these challenges, reporting the results of a month-long measurement of millions of users of the BitTorrent file sharing system. Surprisingly, given BitTorrent’s popularity, we identify widespread performance and availability problems. These measurements motivate the design and implementation of a new, one hop reputation protocol for P2P networks. Unlike digital currency systems, where contribution information is globally visible, or titfor-tat, where no propagation occurs, one hop reputations limit propagation to at most one intermediary. Through trace-driven analysis and measurements of a deployment on PlanetLab, we find that limited propagation improves performance and incentives relative to BitTorrent. 1
Ultrasonic Levitation. Establishment of Levitation Theory and Clarification of Levitation Characteristics. (1997)

Objects weighing a few kilograms and having a large flat surface can be levirated near an ultrasonic vibration surface. A gap of minimal thickness is formed between the object and the vibration surface, and the acoustic radiation pressure in the gap is considered to be the root cause of generation of the levitation force. The purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism and the characteristics of the ultrasonic levitation. In this work, several experiments are performed and the sound pressure in the gap is analyzed theoretically to grasp the essentials of the phenomenon. Through the experimental and the theoretical studies, the acoustic radiation pressure in the gap is analyzed using the fluid dynamics method, and a theory of ultrasonic levitation is established. Then the main factors of the levitation phenomenon are presented theoretically. The analytical results based on our theory agree well with the experimental ones.
Technical feasibility assessment of On-Board Mass-Monitoring (OBM) devices: a)accuracy and robustnessb)ancillary systems analysis : frequency analysis report (2009)

As expressed in its 2006-2007 business plan, Transport Certification Australia Limited (TCA) has four organisational objectives. Under the fourth objective, to enhance product and service offerings, TCA is committed to commence, jointly with the National Transport Commission (NTC), investigating the feasibility of on-board heavy vehicle (HV) mass-monitoring devices for the intelligent access programme (IAP). This task is simply one of many TCA will undertake on its journey to providing its members and the market it serves with a comprehensive set of certified parameters for monitoring HVs. The set of parameters (location, time, speed, tamper-evidence, and proprietary trailer identification) monitored under IAP Stage 1 provides a robust platform on which Australia can commence providing a third level for regulating HV access: “intelligent access”. On-board mass, along with interoperability between any IAP certified prime mover and trailer monitoring device, expands the range of applications to which IAP can be applied. This ultimately increases jurisdictional confidence in operational compliance and increases the negotiating power of the IAP for transport operators. To this end, TCA’s fourth objective provides for two projects for enhancing the technical capability of the IAP, viz:-- a project to provide a standard to ensure interoperability between any IAP certified prime mover and trailer monitoring devices; and -- a project to investigate the feasibility of on-board vehicle mass-monitoring devices for IAP use. These new research projects will ensure the expansion and value adding of its services to the transport industry and road authorities. The projects have identified technical issues regarding on-board mass monitoring systems including: -- Determination of tare vs. payload using OBM system at an evidentiary level; -- Accuracy, robustness and tamper issues of OBM components (mass sensors, connections, power supply, display unit etc.); -- Potential use of data to cross-check measurement results from OBM systems; and -- Potential standardization of OBM components to achieve interoperability between trailers fitted from different suppliers. Accordingly, one of these projects will provide a standard to ensure interoperability between any IAP certified prime mover and trailer monitoring devices. The other project will investigate the feasibility of on-board vehicle mass-monitoring devices for IAP use.