gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of W substitution on crystal structure, phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of (Na0.5Bi0.5)MoO4 ceramics with low sintering temperature (2017)

In this work, the (Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>)(Mo<sub>1-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub>)O<sub>4</sub> (x = 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0) ceramics were prepared via solid state reaction method. All the samples can be well densified at sintering temperature about ~720 °C. Dense and homogeneous microstructure with grain size lying between 2~8 μm can be observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave dielectric permittivity of the (Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>)(Mo<sub>0.5</sub>W<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>4</sub> ceramic was found to be temperature-independent in a wide range between 25~120 °C with a temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) ~-6 ppm/°C, a permittivity ~28.9, and Qf values 12,000~14,000 GHz. Crystal structure was refined using Rietveld method and lattice parameters are a = b = 5.281 (5) Å and c = 11.550 (6) Å with a space group I 4<sub>1</sub>/a (88). The (Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>)(Mo<sub>1-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub>)O<sub>4</sub> ceramics might be good candidate for low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology.
THEORY OF INTERACTIVE COMBUSTION OF COUNTERFLOW PREMIXED FLAMES. (1984)

The framework of large activation energy asymptotics is used in an investigation of the extinction characteristics of two interacting premixed flames in counterflow configuration, analyzing the interactive combustion modes of two lean premixed flames, two rich premixed flames, and one of each type of flame separated by a diffusion flame. Regions corresponding to symbiotic combustion of two lean or two rich premixed flames exist in which either flame will be extinguished in the absence of the other. Conditions for the existence of superadiabatic flames within mixtures outside of the conventional flammability limit compositions are established, and practical implications of flame interaction for combustion in inhomogeneous mixtures are discussed.
Cytological study of the introduction of Agrobacterium tumefaciens spheroplasts into Vinca rosea protoplasts (1983)

The process of the introduction of Agrobacterium tumefaciens spheroplasts into Vinca rosea protoplasts was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Shortly after the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) the spheroplasts adhered tightly to the surface of the protoplasts and after 10 min they were engulfed by endocytosis. The engulfed spheroplasts then lost their integrity and their components seemed to disperse into the cytoplasm of the protoplasts. Although the treatment with PEG or PVA was indispensable in this process, these polymers had slightly different effects. The cytoplasm of the protoplasts treated with PEG looked darker and thinner than that treated with PVA. The uptake of spheroplasts by protoplasts was also examined quantitatively by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and fluorescence microscopy. About 70–80% of protoplasts incorporated the spheroplasts after PEG or PVA treatment. Usually about 10 DAPI-stained spheroplasts were observed in a protoplast. These observations are discussed in relation to our previous report on the transformation of V. rosea protoplasts by A. tumefaciens spheroplasts.
Fabrication of light emitting diodes transferred onto different substrates by GaN substrate separation technique (2010)

Abstract We have successfully transferred GaN films grown on high crystalline quality GaN substrates onto different substrates, where we have developed a laser lift‐off technique with a green laser and an absorption‐enhanced InGaN layer as a sacrificial layer (a layer to absorb laser beams). We have also achieved an output power of 13.0 mW at 20 mA with a wavelength of approximately 410 nm and an external quantum efficiency of 21.6% for light emitting diodes transferred on Si substrates by using this method (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cache miss heuristics and preloading techniques for general-purpose programs (1995)

Previous research on hiding memory latencies has tended to focus on regular numerical programs. This paper presents a latency-hiding compiler technique that is applicable to general-purpose C programs. By assuming a lock-up free cache and instruction score-boarding, our technique 'preloads' the data that are likely to cause a cache-miss before they are used, and thereby hiding the cache miss latency. We have developed simple compiler heuristics to identify load instructions that are likely to cause a cache-miss. Experimentation with a set of SPEC92 benchmarks shows that our heuristics are successful in identifying 85% of cache misses. We have also developed an algorithm that flexibly schedules the selected load instruction and instructions that use the loaded data to hide memory latency. Our simulation suggests that our technique is successful in hiding memory latency and improves the overall performance.
What Am I Looking At? Low-Power Radio-Optical Beacons for In-View Recognition on Smart-Glass (2016)

Applications on wearable personal imaging devices, or Smart-glasses as they are called, can largely benefit from accurate and energy-efficient recognition of objects that are within the user's view. Existing solutions such as optical or computer vision approaches are too energy intensive, while low-power active radio tags suffer from imprecise orientation estimates. To address this challenge, this paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a radio-optical hybrid system where a radio-optical transmitter, or tag, whose radio-optical beacons are used for accurate relative orientation tracking of tagged objects by a wearable radio-optical receiver. A low-power radio link that conveys identity is used to reduce the battery drain by synchronizing the radio-optical transmitter and receiver so that extremely short optical (infrared) pulses are sufficient for orientation (angle and distance) estimation. Through extensive experiments with our prototype we show that our system can achieve orientation estimates with 1-to-2 degree accuracy and within 40 cm ranging error, with a maximum range of 9 m in typical indoor use cases. With a tag and receiver battery power consumption of 81 μW and 90 mW, respectively, our radio-optical tags and receiver are at least 1.5x energy efficient than prior works in this space.
Long-Term Exposure of Early-Transformed Human Mammary Cells to Low Doses of Benzo[a]pyrene and/or Bisphenol A Enhances Their Cancerous Phenotype via an AhR/GPR30 Interplay (2020)

It is of utmost importance to decipher the role of chronic exposure to low doses of environmental carcinogens on breast cancer progression. The early-transformed triple-negative human mammary MCF10AT1 cells were chronically (60 days) exposed to low doses (10<sup>-10</sup> M) of Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a genotoxic agent, and/or Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor. Our study revealed that exposed MCF10AT1 cells developed, in a time-dependent manner, an acquired phenotype characterized by an increase in cancerous properties (anchorage independent growth and stem-like phenotype). Co-exposure of MCF10AT1 cells to B[a]P and BPA led to a significantly greater aggressive phenotype compared to B[a]P or BPA alone. This study provided new insights into the existence of a functional interplay between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) by which chronic and low-dose exposure of B[a]P and/or BPA fosters the progression of MCF10AT1 cells into a more aggressive substage. Experiments using AhR or GPR30 antagonists, siRNA strategies, and RNAseq analysis led us to propose a model in which AhR signaling plays a "driver role" in the AhR/GPR30 cross-talk in mediating long-term and low-dose exposure of B[a]P and/or BPA. Retrospective analysis of two independent breast cancer cohorts revealed that the <i>AhR/GPR30</i> mRNA expression signature resulted in poor breast cancer prognosis, in particular in the ER-negative and the triple-negative subtypes. Finally, the study identified targeting AhR and/or GPR30 with specific antagonists as a strategy capable of inhibiting carcinogenesis associated with chronic exposure to low doses of B[a]P and BPA in MCF10AT1 cells. Altogether, our results indicate that the engagement of both AhR and GPR30 functions, in particular in an ER-negative/triple-negative context of breast cells, favors tumor progression and leads to poor prognosis.
Diameter Dependence of Water Filling in Lithographically Segmented Isolated Carbon Nanotubes (2021)

Although the structure and properties of water under conditions of extreme confinement are fundamentally important for a variety of applications, they remain poorly understood, especially for dimensions less than 2 nm. This problem is confounded by the difficulty in controlling surface roughness and dimensionality in fabricated nanochannels, contributing to a dearth of experimental platforms capable of carrying out the necessary precision measurements. In this work, we utilize an experimental platform based on the interior of lithographically segmented, isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes to study water under extreme nanoscale confinement. This platform generates multiple copies of nanotubes with identical chirality, of diameters from 0.8 to 2.5 nm and lengths spanning 6 to 160 μm, that can be studied individually in real time before and after opening, exposure to water, and subsequent water filling. We demonstrate that, under controlled conditions, the diameter-dependent blue shift of the Raman radial breathing mode (RBM) between 1 and 8 cm<sup>-1</sup> measures an increase in the interior mechanical modulus associated with liquid water filling, with no response from exterior water exposure. The observed RBM shift with filling demonstrates a non-monotonic trend with diameter, supporting the assignment of a minimum of 1.81 ± 0.09 cm<sup>-1</sup> at 0.93 ± 0.08 nm with a nearly linear increase at larger diameters. We find that a simple hard-sphere model of water in the confined nanotube interior describes key features of the diameter-dependent modulus change of the carbon nanotube and supports previous observations in the literature. Longer segments of 160 μm show partial filling from their ends, consistent with pore clogging. These devices provide an opportunity to study fluid behavior under extreme confinement with high precision and repeatability.
Gigahertz femtosecond Cr:ZnS laser (2014)

We demonstrate the first Cr:ZnS laser with a gigahertz pulse repetition rate. The passively mode-locked by the graphene-based mirror laser provides 105 mW output power with 180 fs pulse duration and 110 pJ pulse energy.
Experimental studies of an ECR plasma thruster (1993)

The Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) thruster is a proposed electrodeless space electric propulsion device with interesting and little understood physics. A laboratory ECR thruster was run in a vacuum tank at pressures in the 10 exp -5 torr range using 2.12 GHz microwave beam and Ar gas propellant. Movable diagnostic probes (a Faraday cup and a gridded energy analyzer) measured plasma characteristics as propellant gas flow rate and input microwave power level were varied. Ion energy and flux data were used to calculate I(sp), propulsive efficiency, and thrust. The ion flux profiles show an unexpected depression on the thruster axis for low tank pressures that disappears as the tank pressure increases. Ion energies decrease as the flow rate and pressure increase, but the microwave power level affects the energy only negligibly. The calculated propulsion parameters demonstrate that the efficiency of the laboratory device is low, and that tank pressure greatly changes the performance.
SEC11 is required for signal peptide processing and yeast cell growth. (1988)

Among the collection of temperature-sensitive secretion mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sec11 mutant cells are uniquely defective in signal peptide processing of at least two different secretory proteins. At 37 degrees C, the restrictive growth temperature, sec11 cells accumulate core-glycosylated forms of invertase and acid phosphatase, each retaining an intact signal peptide. In contrast, other sec mutant strains in which transport of core-glycosylated molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum is blocked show no defect in signal peptide cleavage. A DNA fragment that complements the sec11-7 mutation has been cloned. Genetic analysis indicates that the complementing clone contains the authentic SEC11 gene, and that a null mutation at the SEC11 locus is lethal. The DNA sequence of SEC11 predicts a basic protein (estimated pI of 9.5) of 167 amino acids including an NH2-terminal hydrophobic region that may function as a signal and/or membrane anchor domain. One potential N-glycosylation site is found in the 18.8-kD (Sec 11p) predicted protein. The mass of the SEC11 protein is very close to that found for two of the subunits of the canine and hen oviduct signal peptidases. Furthermore, the chromatographic behavior of the hen oviduct enzyme indicates an overall basic charge comparable to the predicted pI of the Sec11p.
CONTROLLED GROWTH OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON CONDUCTIVE METAL SUBSTRATES FOR ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS (2009)

The impressive mechanical and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them ideally suited for use in a variety of nanostructured devices, especially in the realm of energy production and storage. In particular, vertically-aligned CNT “forests” have been the focus of increasing investigation for use in supercapacitor electrodes and as hydrogen adsorption substrates. Vertically-aligned CNT growth was attempted on metal substrates by waterassisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD). CNT growth was catalyzed by iron-molybdenum (FeMo) nanoparticle catalysts synthesized by a colloidal method, which were then spin-coated onto Inconel® foils. The substrates were loaded into a custom-built CVD apparatus, where CNT growth was initiated by heating the substrates to 750 °C under the fl ow of He, H2, C2H4 and a controlled amount of water vapor. The resultant CNTs were characterized by a variety of methods including Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the growth parameters were varied in an attempt to optimize the purity and growth yield of the CNTs. The surface area and hydrogen adsorption characteristics of the CNTs were quantifi ed by the Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) and Sieverts methods, and their capacitance was measured via cyclic voltammetry. While vertically-aligned CNT growth could not be verifi ed, TEM and SEM analysis indicated that CNT growth was still obtained, resulting in multiwalled CNTs of a wide range in diameter along with some amorphous carbon impurities. These microscopy fi ndings were reinforced by Raman spectroscopy, which resulted in a G/D ratio ranging from 1.5 to 3 across different samples, suggestive of multiwalled CNTs. Changes in gas fl ow rates and water concentration during CNT growth were not found to have a discernable effect on the purity of the CNTs. The specifi c capacitance of a CNT/FeMo/Inconel® electrode was found to be 3.2 F/g, and the BET surface area of a characteristic CNT sample was measured to be 232 m2/g with a cryogenic (77K) hydrogen storage of 0.85 wt%. This level of hydrogen adsorption is slightly higher than that predicted by the Chahine rule, indicating that these CNTs may bind hydrogen more strongly than other carbonaceous materials. More work is needed to confi rm and determine the reason for increased hydrogen adsorption in these CNTs, and to test them for use as catalyst support networks. This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing CNTs for energy storage applications using water-assisted CVD.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N‐DIALKYL‐CARBAMATE VON DIOLEN (1971)

Abstract Die aus den entsprechenden Diolen mit Natriumhydrid in Dioxan dargestellten Salze (II) reagieren mit den Chloriden (I) bei 15stündigem Kochen zu den Carbamaten (III) (20‐69% Ausbeute).
Hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol to butane-1,4-diol in supercritical carbon dioxide (2003)

Hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol to butane-1,4-diol has been successfully conducted in supercritical carbon dioxide at 323 K with a high selectivity of 84% for butane-1,4-diol at 100% conversion. No catalysts are needed since the reaction is promoted by the stainless steel reactor wall.
[Transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. 1]. (1995)

The authors present a review of findings pertaining to the transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells of the peripheral blood. They pay particular attention to the theoretical basis of this transplantation, its history and technical procedure. The selection of literature concentrates on important original work. The whole problem was divided into three parts. In the first part the authors pay attention to haematopoiesis, cultivation of haematopoietic cells and the discovery of haematopoietic stem cells of the peripheral blood.
Tunable floating-gate low-voltage transconductor (2003)

Presents a six transistor fully differential dual-ended low-voltage (ULV) FGUVMOS operational transconductance amplifier (FGUVMOS-OTA), and a Gm-C filter where the FGUVMOS-OTA is used. The OTA has rail-to-rail operation. A basic Gm-C filter implemented with the OTA is presented. The cut-off frequency of the filter is tunable over almost 6 decades with a supply voltage below 1 V.
Couplings of microstrip square open-loop resonators for cross-coupled planar microwave filters (1996)

A new type of cross-coupled planar microwave filter using coupled microstrip square open-loop resonators is proposed. A method for the rigorous calculation of the coupling coefficients of three basic coupling structures encountered in this type of filter is developed. Simple empirical models are derived for estimation of the coupling coefficients. Experiments are performed to verify the theory. A four-pole elliptic function filter of this type is designed and fabricated. Both the theoretical and experimental performance is presented.
Timothy growth in Scandinavia: combining quantitative information and simulation modelling (2001)

Summary Timothy ( Phleum pratense ) is the most widely grown sown grass species for silage and hay production in the Nordic countries; it is also common in many other areas with a cold maritime climate. Research on timothy has identified many environmental factors and plant characteristics that determine timothy growth. However, much of the literature that analyses timothy growth presents only qualitative estimates of the importance of the different growth‐determining factors. Here we present a review of quantitative information on timothy. Moreover, we analyse to what extent this quantitative information is sufficient to permit the construction of a simple process‐based model of timothy growth. We then use such a model to identify the major growth‐determining factors. Simulations with the model showed that the major processes to be elucidated in future research on timothy are tillering dynamics and the formation and loss of leaves from tillers. We conclude that a combination of literature review and analysis by means of simulation modelling, such as we attempted here, is an effective approach to identify and prioritize research goals.
Correction to “Mechanistic Studies of the Streptomyces bingchenggensis Aldolase-Dehydratase: Implications for Substrate and Reaction Specificity in the Acetoacetate Decarboxylase-like Superfamily” (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Mechanistic Studies of the Streptomyces bingchenggensis Aldolase-Dehydratase: Implications for Substrate and Reaction Specificity in the Acetoacetate Decarboxylase-like Superfamily"Lisa S. MydyLisa S. MydyMore by Lisa S. Mydy, Robert W. HoppeRobert W. HoppeMore by Robert W. Hoppe, Trevor M. HagemannTrevor M. HagemannMore by Trevor M. Hagemann, Alan W. SchwabacherAlan W. SchwabacherMore by Alan W. Schwabacher, and Nicholas R. Silvaggi*Nicholas R. SilvaggiMore by Nicholas R. SilvaggiCite this: Biochemistry 2019, 58, 49, 5022Publication Date (Web):December 2, 2019Publication History Received4 November 2019Published online2 December 2019Published inissue 10 December 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00984https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00984correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views510Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (185 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Azobenzene-based liquid crystal dimers and the twist-bend nematic phase (2017)

The synthesis and characterisation of two new sets of non-symmetric liquid crystal dimers is reported, the 1-(4-substitutedazobenzene-4′-yloxy)-6-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl)hexanes (CB6OABX) and 1-(4-substitutedazobenzene-4′-yloxy)-6-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy)pentanes (CBO5OABX). The terminal substituents are methyl, methoxy, butyl, butyloxy, nitrile and nitro. All the CB6OABX dimers exhibit twist-bend nematic (NTB) and nematic (N) phases. The CBO5OABX dimers also all show an N phase but only the butyl and butyloxy homologues exhibit the NTB phase. The transitional behaviour of the non-symmetric dimers is compared to that of the corresponding symmetric dimers, the 1,5-bis(4-substitutedazobenzene-4′-yloxy)pentanes (XABO5OABX) and either 1,7-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl)heptane or 1,5-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy)pentane. The XABO5OABX dimers all show a nematic phase and in addition, the butyl homologue exhibits a smectic A phase. The difference in transitional behaviour between the CB6OABX and CBO5OABX dimers is attributed to the difference in their molecular shapes arising from different bond angles between the para axis of the cyanobiphenyl unit and the first bond in the spacer. Specifically, the all-trans conformation of a CBO5OABX dimer is more linear than that of the corresponding CB6OABX dimer. Differences within each set of dimers are attributed to changes in the average molecular shape and the strength of the mixed mesogen interaction on varying the terminal group. Crystal structures are reported for CB6OABOMe, CBO5OABNO2 and MeOABO5OABOMe.