gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Markov decision processes for control of a sensor network-based health monitoring system (2005)

Optimal use of energy is a primary concern in fielddeployable sensor networks. Artificial intelligence algorithms offer the capability to improve the performance or sensor networks in dynamic environments by minimizing energy utilization while not compromising overall performance. However, they have been used only to a limited extent in sensor networks primarily due to their expensive computing requirements. We describe the use of Markov decision processes for the adaptive control of sensor sampling rates in a sensor network used for human health monitoring. The MDP controller is designed to gather optimal information about the patient's health while guaranteeing a minimum lifetime of the system. At every control step, the MDP controller varies the frequency at which the data is collected according to the criticality of the patient's health at that time. We present a stochastic model that is used to generate the optimal policy offline. In cases where a model of the observed process is not available a-priori. we descrihe a Q-learning technique to learn the control policy, by using a pre-existing master controller. Simulation results that illustrate the performance of the controller are presented.
Innovative guided mode method for measuring the penetration depth in partially exposed photo-resist layers (2012)

The “m-lines” guided mode method has been employed as a new approach to measure the penetration depth of UV light in partially exposed thin film photoresist layers. This non-destructive method presents the advantage that the penetration depth can be measured before developing the sample, allowing for fine tuning of exposure parameters. Results are presented for a positive photoresist (Shipley S1813) deposited by spin coating onto glass slides, forming layers approximately 2.2μm thick. Such films are exposed to varying degrees with a programmable UV exposure tool. Using the “m-lines” technique, light is coupled into the photoresist samples using a prism coupler in close proximity to the sample surface. This coupling occurs for specific incident angles, known as synchronous angles, which depend on the sample structure. By measuring two such incident angles, one can calculate the thickness and refractive index of a homogeneous film. We propose a two layer model which allows us to extract the thickness and the refractive index of the upper exposed layer from the synchronous angles provided by the “m-lines” technique.
Scutellarein inhibits cancer cell metastasis in vitro and attenuates the development of fibrosarcoma in vivo (2014)

Fibrosarcoma is an aggressive and highly metastatic cancer of the connective tissue, for which effective therapeutic methods are limited. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in small molecular compounds from natural products in the treatment of cancer. In the present study, we investigated the compound, scutellarein, extracted from the perennial herb Scutellaria lateriflora, and it was found to possess anticancer potential. Cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis revealed that the proliferation rate of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells was significantly suppressed by treatment with scutellarein through the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, an in vivo experiment using Balb/c nude mice revealed that the volume and weight of the tumors were markedly reduced following treatment with scutellarein. We also analyzed the effects of scutellarein on the markers of metastasis, using the HT1080 cells. The results indicated that scutellarein potently inhibited cell migration, invasion and the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -9 and -14. Furthermore, MMP activation and cell survival were suppressed due to the scutellarein-mediated downregulation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation. In conclusion, our data suggest that scutellarein has the ability to attenuate the development of fibrosarcoma and inhibit cancer cell metastasis.
Thermal and photochemical decomposition of silver carboxylates (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal and photochemical decomposition of silver carboxylatesEllis K. Fields and Seymour MeyersonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 6, 916–920Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00868a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views621Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Methods from A High-Content Screen Identifies Drugs That Restrict Tumor Cell Extravasation across the Endothelial Barrier (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Methods and Reagents&lt;/p&gt;
The search for electrical discharges from single- and multi-bubble sonoluminescence (1999)

Previous research supported the notion that electrical discharges resulted from the collapse of bubbles in cavitation fields [G. Giminez and F. Goby, in Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics, edited by W. Lauterborn (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1980), pp. 101–107]. Further research was performed in a cavitation field, as well as with a single cavitating bubble. The cavitation field was generated in a standing wave-field using gassy water, resulting in a small confined region of cavitation. Single-bubble cavitation was also performed in this system, but with degassed water. Two methods were used to detect electrical pulses. In one case a small probe consisting of two fine wires coupled to a low-current differential amplifier was placed near the cavitation bubble(s). Signals were only observed when the probe was in contact with the cavitation field (no signals were observed in the single-bubble system). The second method utilized a coiled loop of wire surrounding the levitation cell, connected to a high-bandwidth lock-in amplifier. In this case, the reference frequency was scanned from about 25 kHz to more than 20 MHz. Signals were observed at harmonics of the drive frequency. [This research supported by DOE-EM.]
Un Bantou en Asie (2012)

Résumé Célestin Monga, Un Bantou en Asie , Puf, 2011, 210 p., 18 €
118. The Ullmann biaryl synthesis. Part II. The effect of m-dinitrated diluents on the self-condensation of iodobenzene (1960)

J. Forrest, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 574 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600000574
A test of two methods of arithmetic fluency training and implications for educational practice. (2013)

Children are exposed to multiple training tasks that are intended to support acquisition of basic arithmetic skills. Surprisingly, there is a scarcity of experimental research that directly compares the efficacy of those tasks, raising the possibility that children may be spending critical instructional time on tasks that are not effective. We conducted an experiment with 1st through 6th grade children comparing two arithmetic training tasks that are widely used: answer production training and fact triangle training. Results show that answer production training produces substantial fluency gains, whereas fact triangle training does not. Further, we show that, despite theoretical considerations that suggest otherwise, fact triangle training does not produce more flexibly applicable learning. Implications for memory representation, arithmetic fluency training, and broader educational strategy are discussed.
Contact lens with integrated inorganic semiconductor devices (2008)

Conventional contact lenses are simple polymer structures primarily used for the correction of vision. In this paper, we present a set of microfabrication techniques that allow for integration of various micro-devices onto a contact lens. The integration of function into the structure of a contact lens opens a number of intriguing venues such as incorporation of a semi-transparent display directly on the structure of a contact lens or the inclusion of a bio-sensor directly on the surface of the cornea. We also discuss methods used to render the lens biocompatible for use in a rabbit eye.
ALL-OPTICAL REFLECTANCE CONTROL BASED ON PHOTOINDUCED COMPLEX REFRACTIVE INDEX CHANGES IN GUIDED MODE THIN FILMS CONTAINING INDIUM OR GALLIUM PHTHALOCYANINES (2002)

Tetrasubstituted indium or gallium phthalocyanines and their dimers bridged with various ligands were dispersed in a polymer thin film, which was spin-coated on silver thin film vacuum-evaporated on a glass slide. All-optical reflectance control was achieved by complex refractive index changes upon photoexcitation of phthalocyanines by nanosecond laser in such a guided mode geometry. They gave rise in less than ns pulse width, and a few to a few tens of microseconds decay characteristic to the lifetime of the excited triplet state. Repeated and reversible reflectance changes were achieved. Axially bridged phthalocyanine dimers showed almost the same photoresponses as monomers.
High-throughput production of human proteins for crystallization: The SGC experience (2010)

Producing purified human proteins with high yield and purity remains a considerable challenge. We describe the methods utilized in the Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) in Oxford, resulting in successful purification of 48% of human proteins attempted; of those, the structures of approximately 40% were solved by X-ray crystallography. The main driver has been the parallel processing of multiple (typically 9-20) truncated constructs of each target; modest diversity in vectors and host systems; and standardized purification procedures. We provide method details as well as data on the properties of the constructs leading to crystallized proteins and the impact of methodological variants. These can be used to formulate guidelines for initial approaches to expression of new eukaryotic proteins.
A Cobalt-Based Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of CO2 under Ambient Conditions (2013)

Because of the continually rising levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, research for the conversion of CO2 into fuels using carbon-neutral energy is an important and current topic in catalysis. Recent research on molecular catalysts has led to improved rates for conversion of CO2 to formate, but the catalysts are based on precious metals such as iridium, ruthenium and rhodium and require high temperatures and high pressures. Using established thermodynamic properties of hydricity (ΔGH(-)) and acidity (pKa), we designed a cobalt-based catalyst system for the production of formate from CO2 and H2. The complex Co(dmpe)2H (dmpe is 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) catalyzes the hydrogenation of CO2, with a turnover frequency of 3400 h(-1) at room temperature and 1 atm of 1:1 CO2:H2 (74,000 h(-1) at 20 atm) in tetrahydrofuran. These results highlight the value of fundamental thermodynamic properties in the rational design of catalysts.
Collusion-resistant fingerprinting for multimedia (2004)

Digital fingerprinting is a technology for enforcing digital rights policies whereby unique labels, known as digital fingerprints, are inserted into content prior to distribution. For multimedia content, fingerprints can be embedded using conventional watermarking techniques that are typically concerned with robustness against a variety of attacks mounted by an individual. These attacks, known as multiuser collusion attacks, provide a cost-effective method for attenuating each of the colluder's fingerprints and poses a real threat to protecting media data and enforcing usage policies. In this article, we review some major design methodologies for collusion-resistant fingerprinting of multimedia and highlight common and unique issues of different fingerprinting techniques. It also provides detailed discussions on the two major classes of fingerprinting strategies, namely, orthogonal fingerprinting and correlated fingerprinting.
Interactive evolutionary computation: fusion of the capabilities of EC optimization and human evaluation (2001)

We survey the research on interactive evolutionary computation (IEC). The IEC is an EC that optimizes systems based on subjective human evaluation. The definition and features of the IEC are first described and then followed by an overview of the IEC research. The overview primarily consists of application research and interface research. In this survey the IEC application fields include graphic arts and animation, 3D computer graphics lighting, music, editorial design, industrial design, facial image generation, speed processing and synthesis, hearing aid fitting, virtual reality, media database retrieval, data mining, image processing, control and robotics, food industry, geophysics, education, entertainment, social system, and so on. The interface research to reduce human fatigue is also included. Finally, we discuss the IEC from the point of the future research direction of computational intelligence. This paper features a survey of about 250 IEC research papers.
A time-domain computer simulator of the nonlinear response of semiconductor optical amplifiers (2000)

We present a computer simulator of semiconductor optical amplifiers. The nonlinear input-output response of the device is characterized in terms of a complex gain, representing the accumulated gain and wavevector change of the propagating field across the active waveguide. We account for the gain saturation induced by stimulated recombination and by the perturbation of the carrier quasi-equilibrium distribution within the bands. A rigorous elimination of the spatial coordinate allows us to reduce the description of the amplifier dynamics to the solution of a set of ordinary differential equation for the complex gain. If the waveguide internal loss is negligible, the spatial inhomogeneity of the complex gain is implicitly yet exactly taken into account by the reduced model. The accuracy of the reduced model is the same for models based on the direct solution of the set of partial differential equations describing the interaction between the optical field and the active semiconductor waveguide, but the model is computationally much simpler. To preserve the input-output characteristics of the model, we include the amplified spontaneous emission noise in the device description by an equivalent signal applied to the device input and amplified by the saturated gain. At the expense of a minor increase of the program complexity, the waveguide internal loss may also be included. We report on the comparison between the output of the simulator and the results of four-wave mixing experiments in various pump-signal configurations. Good agreement is obtained.
An introduction to geometric algebra with an application in rigid body mechanics (1993)

This paper presents a tutorial of geometric algebra, a very useful but generally unappreciated extension of vector algebra. The emphasis is on physical interpretation of the algebra and motives for developing this extension, and not on mathematical rigor. The description of rotations is developed and compared with descriptions using vector and matrix algebra. The use of geometric algebra in physics is illustrated by solving an elementary problem in classical mechanics, the motion of a freely spinning axially symmetric rigid body.
The Nuclear Receptor Cofactor Receptor-Interacting Protein 140 Is a Positive Regulator of Amphiregulin Expression and Cumulus Cell-Oocyte Complex Expansion in the Mouse Ovary (2010)

The nuclear receptor cofactor receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is essential for cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) expansion, follicular rupture, and oocyte release during ovulation. The expression of many genes necessary for COC expansion is impaired in the absence of RIP140, but the studies herein document that their expression can be restored and COC expansion rescued by treatment with the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like factor amphiregulin (AREG) both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate by several approaches that RIP140 is required for the expression of the EGF-like factors in granulosa cells, but the dependence of genes involved in cumulus expansion, including Ptgs2 Has2, Tnfaip6, and Ptx3, is indirect because they are induced by AREG. Treatment of granulosa cells with forskolin to mimic the effects of LH increases AREG promoter activity in a RIP140-dependent manner that 1) requires an intact cAMP response element in the proximal promoter region of the Areg gene and 2) involves its actions as a coactivator for cAMP response element-binding protein/c-Jun transcription factors. Although human chorionic gonadotropin and AREG coadministration is sufficient to restore ovulation fully in RIP140 heterozygous mice in vivo, both follicular rupture and ovulation remain impaired in the RIP140 null mice. Thus, we conclude that although the level of RIP140 expression in the ovary is a crucial factor required for the transient expression of EGF-like factors necessary for cumulus expansion, it also plays a role in other signaling pathways that induce follicular rupture.
Does smoking impact trust in physicians and satisfaction with the health system in China? (2021)

The present study found that current smokers would be more likely to rate trust in physicians lower, and less likely to rate greater satisfaction with the health system, than never smokers. These results may have important implications for regaining trust in physicians from smokers and supporting health-system reform for tobacco treatment.
Change Detection in Synthetic Aperture Radar Images Using a Multiscale-Driven Approach (2016)

Despite the significant progress that was achieved throughout the recent years, to this day, automatic change detection and classification from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images remains a difficult task. This is, in large part, due to (a) the high level of speckle noise that is inherent to SAR data; (b) the complex scattering response of SAR even for rather homogeneous targets; (c) the low temporal sampling that is often achieved with SAR systems, since sequential images do not always have the same radar geometry (incident angle, orbit path, etc.); and (d) the typically limited performance of SAR in delineating the exact boundary of changed regions. With this paper we present a promising change detection method that utilizes SAR images and provides solutions for these previously mentioned difficulties. We will show that the presented approach enables automatic and high-performance change detection across a wide range of spatial scales (resolution levels). The developed method follows a three-step approach of (i) initial pre-processing; (ii) data enhancement/filtering; and (iii) wavelet-based, multi-scale change detection. The stand-alone property of our approach is the high flexibility in applying the change detection approach to a wide range of change detection problems. The performance of the developed approach is demonstrated using synthetic data as well as a real-data application to wildfire progression near Fairbanks, Alaska.
The performance of schottky diodes as far-infrared modulators (1987)

We analyze the performance as a terahertz-frequency, reflective modulator of a small-area Schottky diode mounted in a corner-cube antenna. The analysis includes the effects of carrier inertia and dielectric relaxation (1), and of the vanishing of the depletion region above the flat-band potential, (2,3). Our baseline calculation refers to a 1.4 μm diameter diode operated at a carrier frequency of 2.52 THz and a modulation frequency of 8 GHz, as was used in our experiments (4,5). Our conclusions are: A) For all realistic diode parameters, the phase modulation completely dominates the amplitude modulation. B) Performance is degraded well below the plasma frequency in the undepleted epilayer due to the presence of a second resonance, caused by the interaction of the barrier capacitance and the effective inductance due to carrier inertia, C) The effects of varying the antenna impedance, temperature, diode substrate size, and Schottky barrier height over realistic ranges are small. D) An improvement in single-sideband conversion efficiency of approximately 20 db may be obtained by increasing the epilayer doping and simultaneously reducing the diode radius. Agreement between the calculated and measured conversion efficiencies at 2.52 THz is very good.
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Learning Analytics And Knowledge (2014)

It is our pleasure to welcome you to LAK 2014. This is the fourth meeting of Learning Analytics and Knowledge, and this conference has quickly become an established meeting place for top researchers from learning sciences, data mining, learning analytics, computer sciences and other fields. Since the first conference held in 2011, the Learning Analytics community has grown and matured. The annual meetings of LAK are convened by an international professional society, the Society for Learning Analytics Research (SoLAR), which has also just this year launched a new scholarly journal, the Journal of Learning Analytics. The rapid growth of this field and the public attention drawn to the explosion of online technology platforms and services has convinced many of us that we are engaged in an exciting area that holds great promise for innovating teaching and learning.
An Advanced Model for MicroGrid and Energy Independence (2011)

This abstract introduces advancements in a Solar Thermal storage technology system and it's relationship to the concept of a balanced Distributed Generation strategy through modified MicroGrids. At the IEEE PES general meeting in 2008 AIE/EPI et al advanced the idea of microgrid integratable technologies. Since 2008 several synergistic technologies and engineering advancements have been made to expand the scope of the earlier proposed MicroGrid model [2]and used as a case study to offer development solutions targeted towards emerging economies. While providing opportunities to solve impending problems facing more developed economies . Similarly, the grids and energy infrastructure of the more developed economies may investigating smart grids would benefit in the very near future from similar solutions . This paper puts forth the concept that integration of several mature, novel and modified adaptations of older technologies can in fact yield high economic efficiencies. The goal of the paper is to further show an alternative approach to providing energy with the flexibility to use this model anywhere. The paper will show approaches to meet the needs of developed and less developed economies and proposes a model that can be scaled from smaller towns to large cities, allowing independence from the grid and from the energy distribution infrastructure for fuels, agricultural chemical, and many raw materials for industry while lowering the carbon footprint.