gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rebooting the Embedded System (2016)

For the last fifteen years, research explored the hardware, software, sensing, communication abstractions, languages, and protocols that could make networks of small, embedded devices---motes---sample and report data for long periods of time while unattended. Today, the application and technological landscapes have shifted, introducing new requirements and new capabilities. Hardware has evolved past 8 and 16 bit microcontrollers: there are now 32 bit processors with lower energy budgets and greater computing capability. New wireless link layers have emerged, creating protocols that support direct interaction with users, but introduce novel limitations that systems must consider. Programming language advances have led to the ability to write system kernels that guarantee safety and reliability while maintaining low overhead. The time has come to look beyond optimizing networks of motes. We look towards new technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy, Cortex M processors, and capable multi-process operating systems, with new application spaces such as personal area networks, and new capabilities and requirements in security and privacy to inform contemporary hardware and software platforms. It is time for a new, open experimental platform in this post-mote era.
A Tri-Modal 20-Gbps/Link Differential/DDR3/GDDR5 Memory Interface (2012)

This paper describes a tri-modal asymmetric bidirectional differential memory interface that supports data rates of up to 20 Gbps over 3" FR4 PCB channels while achieving power efficiency of 6.1 mW/Gbps at full speed. The interface also accommodates single-ended standard DDR3 and GDDR5 signaling at 1.6-Gbps and 6.4-Gbps operations, respectively, without package change. The compact, low-power and high-speed tri-modal interface is enabled by substantial reuse of the circuit elements among various signaling modes, particularly in the wide-band clock generation and distribution system and the multi-modal driver output stage, as well as the use of fast equalization for post-cursor intersymbol interference (ISI) mitigation. In the high-speed differential mode, the system utilizes a 1-tap transmit equalizer during a WRITE operation to the memory. In contrast, during a memory READ operation, it employs a linear equalizer (LEQ) with 3 dB of peaking as well as a calibrated high-speed 1-tap predictive decision feedback equalizer (prDFE), while no transmitter equalization is assumed for the memory. The prototype tri-modal interface implemented in a 40-nm CMOS process, consists of 16 data links and achieves more than 2.5 × energy-efficient memory transactions at 16 Gbps compared to a previous single-mode generation.
Experimental investigation on the accuracy of plastic scintillators and of the spectrum discrimination method in small photon fields (2016)

Clinically relevant differences were observed between similar scintillator dosimeters in photon fields smaller than 1 × 1 cm<sup>2</sup> . Further research on PSDs is needed that can explain the origin of these differences especially related to the Cherenkov spectrum dependencies on the optical fiber technical characteristics.
The role of the number of training samples on weight initialisation of artificial neural net classifier (1992)

The number of training samples is one of the important factors that determines the number and the depth of the local minima of the pattern error surface of an artificial neural network (ANN). In the case of a small training sample, the local minima are deeper and their number is large. Simulation studies have shown that the addition of noise to each training vector in each training sweep helps to flatten the pattern error function and thus to reduce the negative local minima effects. The nonrandom initialization of the weights of the ANN can also be useful. When solving important pattern recognition problems by means of ANN classifiers, the authors recommend using several starting-point-determining techniques and performing training several times.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization of environmental samples using ion trap-secondary ion mass spectrometry (1998)

The detection of chemical warfare agent residues on environmental surfaces is an important analytical activity because of the potential for proliferation of these weapons, and for environmental monitoring in areas where they are stored. Historically, one of the most widely used agents has been bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, also known as mustard gas and HD. It was initially used in combat in 1917; by the end of the First World War, more than 16% of all casualties were due to chemicals, in most cases mustard. Manufacture of mustard is continuing to this day; consequently, there are ongoing opportunities for exposure. 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) is used as a simulant for mustard (HD) in a study to develop secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for rapid, semi-quantitative detection of mustard on soil. Using SIMS with single stage mass spectrometry, a signature for CEES can be unequivocally observed only at the highest concentrations (0.1 monolayer and above). Selectivity and sensitivity are markedly improved employing multiple-stage mass spectrometry using an ion trap. C{sub 2}H{sub 5}SC{sub 2}H{sub 4}{sup +} from CEES eliminates C{sub 2}H{sub 4} and H{sub 2}S, which are highly diagnostic. CEES was detected at 0.0012 monolayer on soil. A single analysis could be conducted in under 5 minutes.
Enzyme-Based Fiber Optic Sensor (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-Based Fiber Optic SensorMark A. ArnoldCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 2, 565–566Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50001a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50001a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The CXCR3 ligand CXCL9 attenuates neoangiogenesis and liver fibrosis in vivo (2012)

Aims: Recently, we could show that CXCR3-/- mice display exaggerated liver fibrosis compared to wild-type littermates after chronic CCl4 treatment (Wasmuth et al. Gastroenterology 2009). Notably, CXCL9, the ligand of CXCR3, has also angiostatic effects. The aims of this project were to quantify angiogenesis in CXCR3-/- and wild-type mice after CCl4 treatment and to study the feasibility of modulating liver fibrosis and neoangiogenesis by CXCL9.
Quantum correlations "now and then" are weirder than "here and there" (2010)

Tests such as Bell's inequality and Hardy's paradox show that joint probabilities and correlations between distant particles in quantum mechanics are inconsistent with local realistic theories. Here we experimentally demonstrate these concepts in the time domain, using a photonic entangling gate to perform nondestructive measurements on a single photon at different times. We show that Hardy's paradox is much stronger in time and demonstrate the violation of a temporal Bell inequality independent of the quantum state, including for fully mixed states.
Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in HIV-Infected Recipients (2010)

In this cohort of carefully selected HIV-infected patients, both patient- and graft-survival rates were high at 1 and 3 years, with no increases in complications associated with HIV infection. The unexpectedly high rejection rates are of serious concern and indicate the need for better immunotherapy. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00074386.).
Solid‐state NMR characterization of motion in flexible polyurethane foams (1994)

Abstract High‐resolution solid‐state 13 C‐NMR has been used to study the phase separation and molecular motion in two series of polyurethane foams. These two series differ by one possessing the additive of lithium chloride, LiCl. NMR relaxation times can map the motion throughout the polymer molecule and detect changes in that motion arising from either microseparation or phase mixing between the different segments. There are only slight changes in the soft segment T 1 p ( 13 C) values as well as an increase in the hard segment T 1 p ( 1 H) values with increase in the hard segment content for the foams studied. The T 1 p ( 1 H) and T 1 p ( 13 C) values do indicate that the phase separation of the hard and soft segments is similar for all foams. A decrease in the T 1 p ( 1 H) and T 1 p ( 13 C) values with increasing LiCl content indicates that the motion of the soft segments is restricted more by the hard segments. This is explained by more phase mixing in the foams containing the LiCl additive. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Supplementary Fig. S2 from Vaccination with LAG-3Ig (IMP321) and Peptides Induces Specific CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Responses in Metastatic Melanoma Patients—Report of a Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Specific CD8 T-cell frequencies before and after each cycle of vaccination&lt;/p&gt;
Top surface imaging systems utilizing poly(vinylbenzoic acid) and its ester. (1992)

Polyp-vinylbenzoic acid) and its ester are opaque below 300 nm and therefore useful in deep UV top surface imaging (TSI), which is a viable technique to overcome the shallow depth of focus and topography effects. In this paper are described two TSI systems utilizing the benzoic acid derivatives in the chemical amplification scheme.
Progress in the Clinical Management of Herpesvirus Infections (1995)

Antiviral drug discovery has produced a series of drugs active against herpesviruses in vitro. Several of these are now licensed and/or have been used in clinical practice. This article reviews the mechanisms of action of acyclovir, ganciclovir, penciclovir, sorivudine and foscarnet, the development of resistance to these drugs and their pharmacokinetic and cellular toxicities. Based upon the natural histories of HSV, VZV and CMV, treatment objectives for each virus are discussed and the performance of each drug matched against these objectives. Overall, it is concluded that the perfect drug for treating herpesviruses does not exist, but that significant progress has been made towards controlling several herpesvirus diseases. It is suggested that further progress will require not just improved drug discovery programmes, but also an understanding of different pathogeneses and an appreciation by practising physicians that antiviral drugs must be given early in the infectious process to achieve the best results.
Gene Family Clustering Identifies Functionally Associated Subsets of Human In Vivo Blood and Tonsillar Dendritic Cells (2005)

Human dendritic cells (DCs) are a distinct but heterogeneous lineage of APCs operating as the link between innate and adaptive immune responses, with the function to either maintain tolerance or trigger immunity. The DC lineage consists of several subpopulations with unique phenotypes; however, their functional characteristics and transcriptional similarities remain largely unknown. To further characterize the phenotypes and transcriptomes of the subsets, we purified myeloid CD16(+), blood DC Ag 1(+) (BDCA1(+)), and BDCA3(+) DC populations, as well as plasmacytoid CD123(+) DCs, from tonsillar tissue and peripheral blood. Transcriptional profiling and hierarchical clustering visualized that BDCA1(+) DCs clustered with BDCA3(+) DCs, whereas CD16(+) DCs and CD123(+) DCs clustered as distinct populations in blood. Differential expression levels of chemokines, ILs, and pattern recognition receptors were demonstrated, which emphasize innate DC subset specialization. Even though highly BDCA1(+) and BDCA3(+) DC-specific gene expression was identified in blood, the BDCA1(+) DCs and BDCA3(+) DCs from tonsils displayed similar transcriptional activity, most likely due to the pathogenic or inflammatory maturational signals present in tonsillar tissues. Of note, plasmacytoid DCs displayed less plasticity in their transcriptional activity compared with myeloid DCs. The data demonstrated a functionally distinct association of each of the seven subsets based on their signatures, involving regulatory genes in adaptive and innate immunity.
In vitro investigations related to the hypothesis that Lipoatrophia semicircularis finds its origin in electro‐stimulation (2009)

Lipoatrophia semicircularis (L.s.) is an idiopathic condition characterized by semicircular impressions of the skin, usually at the front and sides of both thighs. It is characterized by atrophy of the subcutaneous adipocytes whereas the skin and muscles remain normal. L.s. was originally considered to be very rare but over the past 13 years an outburst of L.s. has been observed in companies in Belgium and later on also in companies in other countries (e.g., Spain) where several hundred individuals were diagnosed with L.s. All these subjects belonged to the administrative personnel and worked in renovated or new offices. Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the appearance of Lipoatrophia semicircularis but the hypothesis of an 'electric' origin of L.s. is probably the best documented and plausible. The present study was aimed to further investigate the likelihood of this hypothesis. The alkaline comet assay was used to investigate DNA damage in cells of different origin following exposure to a (strong) electric current. It was found that adipocytes showed more DNA damage than the other cells and hence that they are more vulnerable to such a current than macrophages and white blood cells. It was also found that DNA damage is significantly induced by an electric current in the blood from L.s. subjects whereas this is not so in blood from subjects without L.s. This may indicate that L.s. subjects are more responsive to an induced electric current and supports the hypothesis of an 'electric' origin of L.s.
Interleaved boost converter with a single magnetic component (2011)

The interleaved multi-channel converter is very popular these days because of its ability to reduce current ripples. In this study, an interleaved boost converter with a single magnetic component is proposed. Interleaving operation and a loosely coupled inductor significantly reduce the ripple component of the input current. Moreover, zero-voltage-switching characteristic of the proposed converter reduces the switching losses and raises the overall efficiency. Experimental results based on an 80 W (170 V/0.47 A) prototype are provided to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed converter.
Multiple pollutant removal using the condensing heat exchanger: Preliminary test plan for Task 2, Pilot scale IFGT testing (1995)

The purpose of Task 2 (IFGT Pilot-Scale Tests at the B&W Alliance Research Center) is to evaluate the emission reduction performance of the Integrated Flue Gas Treatment (IFGT) process for coal-fired applications. The IFGT system is a two-stage condensing heat exchanger that captures multiple pollutants -- while recovering waste heat. The IFGT technology offers the potential of addressing the emission of S0{sub 2} and particulate from electric utilities currently regulated under the Phase 1 and Phase 2 requirements defined in Title IV, and many of the air pollutants that will soon be regulated under Title III of the Clean Air Act. The performance data will be obtained at pilot-scale conditions similar to full-scale operating systems. The Task 2 IFGT tests have been designed to investigate several aspects of IFGT process conditions at a broader range of variables than would be feasible at a larger scale facility. The data from these tests greatly expands the IFGT performance database for coals and is needed for the technology to progress from the component engineering phase to system integration and commercialization. The performance parameters that will be investigated are as follows: SO{sub 2} removal; particulate removal; removal of mercury and other heavy metals; NO{sub x} removal; HF and HCl removal; NH{sub 3} removal; ammonia-sulfur compounds generation; and steam injection for particle removal. For all of the pollutant removal tests, removal efficiency will be based on measurements at the inlet and outlet of the IFGT facility. Heat recovery measurements will also be made during these tests to demonstrate the heat recovery provided by the IFGT technology. This report provides a preliminary test plan for all of the Task 2 pilot-scale IFGT tests.
Modeling the Underwater Acoustic Channel in ns2 (2007)

Underwater acoustic networks have the potential to support a large variety of applications, such as mining equipment and environmental monitoring. Although underwater acoustics has been studied for decades, underwater networking and protocol design is just beginning as a research field. One critical
Making better manufacturing decisions with AIM (1996)

FACTOR/AIM (AIM) is a simulation system designed specifically for use in manufacturing decision support. AIM has been successfully applied to engineering design, scheduling, and planning problems within numerous manufacturing organizations. Unlike language-based simulation products which require you to learn specific syntax and then abstract your system to fit this syntax, AIM uses the language of manufacturing. Example AIM components include machines, operators, materials, parts, jobsteps, process plans (routings), and conveyors. In addition, a comprehensive set of pre-defined manufacturing rules is available to you. Using AIM you can quickly and accurately build a model of any manufacturing process on your PC. Spending less time on modeling means more time to use the model to help you make decisions to improve your manufacturing operations. This paper provides an introduction to AIM including AIM modeling constructs, the use of AIM for capacity engineering, planning and scheduling, and costing with AIM.
Delay fairness in demand priority networks (2003)

A demand priority network is a high speed local area network. Compared with a fast Ethernet, it is known to have advantages in transmission of delay-sensitive traffic. However, in a demand priority network, the packet delay time is unbounded and the delay levels experienced at stations are unfair. In this paper, we consider Round Robin and FCFS schemes for scheduling packet transmission. Under each scheme, we develop an analytical approximation method for mean delay calculation, and investigate the mean and standard deviation of the packet delay time by the approximation and simulation methods. By introducing a degree of delay fairness, the Round Robin and FCFS schemes are evaluated in delay fairness.
Process for producing dimethyl ether form synthesis gas (2023)

This invention pertains to a Fischer Tropsch process for converting synthesis gas to an oxygenated hydrocarbon with particular emphasis on dimethyl ether. Synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen are converted to dimethyl ether by carrying out the reaction in the presence of an alkali metal-manganese-iron carbonyl cluster incorporated onto a zirconia-alumina support.
FDTD analysis of circularly polarized slot array antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (2002)

The popularity of the coplanar waveguide (CPW) has increased significantly. The main advantage of the CPW is easier integration with solid state active devices. Many studies have been made on the antenna such as patch antennas, loop antennas and slot antennas. In this paper, we investigate a linear array of a circularly polarized slot loop antenna fed by CPW by using the FDTD method. The advantages of this antenna are simple structure and an easily formed array without a complex feed line.
Urinary Urea Excretion and Long-term Outcome After Renal Transplantation (2014)

Urinary urea excretion, a marker for protein intake, was inversely related to graft failure in RTR with BMI less than 25 kg/m and in RTR with an eGFR of 45 mL per min per 1.73 m or higher. In addition, urinary urea excretion was inversely related to mortality.
Development of nanoenergetic materials based on Al/I2O 5 system (2010)

We studied the gas generation and thermal wave behavior during the detonation of a novel nanoenergetic mixture of iodine oxide and aluminum. The ignition of a homogeneous mixture of iodine pentoxide (78 wt. %) and aluminum nanoparticles (22 wt. %) occurs in the range of 605-620 °C. It generates a high discharge pressure (~11 MPa) and a shock wave with a velocity of ~2000 m/s. The pressure very rapidly rose to its peak during ~ 4 μs with a ΔP/Δt of up to 2750 GPa/s. The ignition temperature exceeded by at least 100 °C those of conventional thermite systems implying that the Al/I2O5 nano mixtures can be safely stored and handled. The activation energy for the nanoscale reaction of 3I2O5+10Al=5Al2O3+6I was estimated to be 152 kJ/mol. The maximum pressure x volume (PV-value) obtained by a 0.5 g mixture was ~3.8 kPa.m. This compares well with the highest reported value of 3.9 kPa.m for the Bi2O3/Al mixture for the same sample mass.
Onabotulinum Toxin A: A Therapeutic Option for Refractory Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity and Idiopathic Overactive Bladder (2014)

Overactive bladder syndrome affects up to 17% of the American population and adversely impacts quality of life. Antimuscarinic agents have been the primary treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity and overactive bladder, but they are often ineffective or poorly tolerated. Onabotulinum toxin A for refractory cases provides an important therapeutic alternative. Indications, use, efficacy and safety data for intradetrusor injection of onabotulinum toxin A will be reviewed.
Evaluation of a Field-Scale UV/H2O2-Oxidation System for the Purification of Groundwater Contaminated with PCE (1998)

A field-scale demonstration using UV/H2O2 was conducted in order to evaluate its effectiveness for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with tetrachloroethylene (PCE). The system was efficient in removing PCE in low-alkalinity groundwater containing moderate levels of the contaminant and within feasible operating costs. Low concentrations of chloroacetic acids were detected in the reactor effluent; however, the levels of both PCE and byproducts were clearly acceptable according to the drinking water criteria. Economic cost analysis showed UV/H2O2 to be on the same level as carbon adsorption. The operating costs attributed to electrical energy and hydrogen peroxide depended on the purification level chosen as target, but were only a minor component of the total purification costs.