gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioluminescence Methodology for the Detection of Protein–Protein Interactions Within the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Macromolecular Complex (2012)

Protein-protein interactions are critical molecular determinants of ion channel function and emerging targets for pharmacological interventions. Yet, current methodologies for the rapid detection of ion channel macromolecular complexes are still lacking. In this study we have adapted a split-luciferase complementation assay (LCA) for detecting the assembly of the voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channel C-tail and the intracellular fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14), a functionally relevant component of the Nav channelosome that controls gating and targeting of Nav channels through direct interaction with the channel C-tail. In the LCA, two complementary N-terminus and C-terminus fragments of the firefly luciferase were fused, respectively, to a chimera of the CD4 transmembrane segment and the C-tail of Nav1.6 channel (CD4-Nav1.6-NLuc) or FGF14 (CLuc-FGF14). Co-expression of CLuc-FGF14 and CD4-Nav1.6-NLuc in live cells led to a robust assembly of the FGF14:Nav1.6 C-tail complex, which was attenuated by introducing single-point mutations at the predicted FGF14:Nav channel interface. To evaluate the dynamic regulation of the FGF14:Nav1.6 C-tail complex by signaling pathways, we investigated the effect of kinase inhibitors on the complex formation. Through a platform of counter screenings, we show that the p38/MAPK inhibitor, PD169316, and the IκB kinase inhibitor, BAY 11-7082, reduce the FGF14:Nav1.6 C-tail complementation, highlighting a potential role of the p38MAPK and the IκB/NFκB pathways in controlling neuronal excitability through protein-protein interactions. We envision the methodology presented here as a new valuable tool to allow functional evaluations of protein-channel complexes toward probe development and drug discovery targeting ion channels implicated in human disorders.
Interleukin‐6 signalling regulates vascular endothelial growth factor‐C synthesis and lymphangiogenesis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (2011)

Lymph node metastasis is associated with resistance to conventional therapy and poor survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although lymphangiogenesis is well known to be associated with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in various cancers, the precise mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis in OSCC are largely unknown. IL-6, a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to play active roles in various cancers, including OSCC. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of IL-6 signalling in lymphatic metastasis and to evaluate the efficacy of tocilizumab, a humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor antibody, as an anti-lymphangiogenic agent for OSCC. This investigation confirmed that levels of expression of IL-6 protein and VEGF-C mRNA in OSCC tissues were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients with OSCC, as assessed by immunohistochemical analysis and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. In vitro studies showed that IL-6 regulated VEGF-C mRNA expression in a human OSCC cell line, SAS cells, through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway. In addition, treatment with tocilizumab led to markedly reduced VEGF-C mRNA expression and OSCC-related lymphangiogenesis in SAS xenografts. Together, these data suggest that tocilizumab acted as expected: it inhibited lymph node metastasis in OSCC by reducing tumour lymphangiogenesis.
Influence of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on the Structural Topology during Crystallization of PbI2 (2020)

Hybrid metal-organic halides are an exciting class of materials that offer the opportunity to examine how fundamental aspects of chemical bonding can influence the structural topology. In this work, we describe how solvent adducts of lead halides can influence the crystallization and subsequent annealing of these hybrid phases. While the size and shape of organic molecules are known to govern the final topology of the hybrid, we show that the affinity of solvent molecules for Pb ions may also play a previously underappreciated role.
An introduction to hypergraph signal processing (2016)

Developing tools to analyze signals defined over a graph is a research area that is attracting a significant amount of contributions because of its many applications. However, a graph representation does not capture the overall information about the data, as it implicitly takes into account only pairwise relations. The goal of this paper is to extend signal processing tools to signals defined over hypergraphs, which represent a formal framework to describe multi-way relations among the data. First, we suggest alternative ways to introduce a Fourier Transform (FT) for signals defined over hypergraphs and, in particular, for simplicial complexes. Then, building on the notion of Fourier Transform, we derive a sampling theorem aimed at identifying the minimum number of samples necessary to encode all information about band-limited hypergraph signals.
Is loudness adaptation represented in the auditory steady-state response? (2014)

status: Published
Plasma histamine in patients with chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. (1991)

Plasma histamine concentrations were measured using a commercially available monoclonal antibody radioimmunoassay in 38 patients with nephrotic syndrome, end stage renal failure, those receiving haemodialysis, and those receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis to determine whether histamine may mediate damage to glomerular capillaries and arterial endothelium. Plasma histamine concentrations were significantly increased in all four patient groups when compared with those of controls and were the highest in two patients with pruritus. Raised plasma histamine concentrations in such patients are consistent with the hypothesis that histamine may contribute to the damage to glomerular capillaries and to arterial endothelium. These effects may be relevant to the pathogenesis of glomerular disease and atherosclerosis. Histamine may also contribute to the pathogenesis of pruritus in patients with chronic renal failure.
Fractionation of a polydisperse polymer using an antisolvent. Application of continuous thermodynamics (1990)

Abstract Continuous thermodynamics is used to calculate liquid‐liquid equilibria in a ternary system containing polydisperse polymer, one good solvent and one poor solvent (antisolvent). The polymer has a semiinfinite molecular‐weight distribution which can be described by a gamma distribution. From Flory‐Huggins theory, the logarithm of the distribution ratio of the polymer is a linear function of the molecular weight. Because the distribution of polymer between the two liquid phases is very sensitive to the choice of binary Flory parameters. The Flory parameters must be fitted to the ternary data. Results are given for the system benzene, ethanol, and polydisperse polystyrene.
PICAM: a PC based cellular network planning software package (2002)

The PICAM software package provides field strength prediction, calculation of carrier-to-interference ratio, coverage prediction, handling of measured data, and user-friendly 2D and 3D color graphics. It uses a topographical database with altitude data and land-cover classification, and includes calculation of street channeling effects. It can be run on any standard personal computer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Kristallstruktur und Eigenschaften von 2,3‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)fumarsäure‐dimethylester (1975)

Abstract Durch röntgendiffraktometrische Kristallstrukturbestimmung wurde festgestellt, daß bei der Substitution der Chloratome des 2,3‐Dichlormaleinsäure‐dimethylesters durch Diphenylphos‐phinogruppen nicht das erwartete Maleinsäurederivat entsteht, sondern eine cis‐trans ‐Umlagerung zum entsprechenden Fumarsäurederivat ( 1 ) stattfindet. Die Verbindung kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe P 2 1 / c mit der 2 Formeleinheiten enthaltenden Elementarzelle a = 11.490 Å, b = 8.621 Å, c = 13.688 Å, β = 95.93°. In der Mitte der CC‐Doppelbindung der Moleküle liegt ein Inversionszentrum. Durch Reaktion mit Sauerstoff bzw. Schwefel erhält man aus 1 das entsprechende Phosphinoxid bzw. ‐sulfid.
Influence of regioisomerism in bis(terpyridine) based exciplexes with delayed fluorescence (2022)

Structural diversity of different BTPs in exciplexes together with TCTA is investigated, to improve their performance in TADF OLEDs.
Iridium-Catalyzed H/D Exchange into Organic Compounds in Water (2002)

The air-stable complex Cp(PMe(3))IrCl(2) efficiently catalyzes the exchange of deuterium from D(2)O into both activated and unactivated C-H bonds of organic molecules without added acid or stabilizers. Selectivity is observed in many cases, with activation of primary C-H bonds occurring preferentially. A number of new stoichiometric transformations involving the iridiym catalyst precursor are also presented, including an oxidation-decarbonylation reaction with primary alcohols.
Protein Modification by Endogenously Generated Lipid Electrophiles: Mitochondria as the Source and Target (2017)

Determining the impact of lipid electrophile-mediated protein damage that occurs during oxidative stress requires a comprehensive analysis of electrophile targets adducted under pathophysiological conditions. Incorporation of ω-alkynyl linoleic acid into the phospholipids of macrophages prior to activation by Kdo<sub>2</sub>-lipid A, followed by protein extraction, click chemistry, and streptavidin affinity capture, enabled a systems-level survey of proteins adducted by lipid electrophiles generated endogenously during the inflammatory response. Results revealed a dramatic enrichment for membrane and mitochondrial proteins as targets for adduction. A marked decrease in adduction in the presence of MitoTEMPO demonstrated a primary role for mitochondrial superoxide in electrophile generation and indicated an important role for mitochondria as both a source and target of lipid electrophiles, a finding that has not been revealed by prior studies using exogenously provided electrophiles.
New degradation mode of program disturb immunity of sub 90-nm node split-gate SONOS memory (2008)

We found a new-mode degradation of program-disturb immunity in split-gate SONOS memory with 90-nm technology node. The degradation proved to be caused by hot holes created during erase operation: they can reach word gate (WG) oxide over memory gate (MG). The captured holes within the WG oxide reduce effective inhibit-field that is applied to the WG of non-selected cells during program operation, thereby degrading program-disturb immunity. Hole-trapping defects in the WG oxide seem to be induced in cell fabrication processes, especially in processes using plasma excitation, not by program/erase (P/E) cycling. The degradation was suppressed by implementing a proper gate protection diode
Comparison of Experimental and Model Data for the Evaporation of a Synthetic Topopah Spring Tuff Pore Water, Yucca Mountain, NV (2003)

The evaporation of a range of synthetic pore water solutions representative of the potential high-level-nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain, NV is being investigated. The motivation of this work is to understand and predict the range of brine compositions that may contact the waste containers from evaporation of pore waters, because these brines could form corrosive thin films on the containers and impact their long-term integrity. A relatively complex synthetic Topopah Spring Tuff pore water was progressively concentrated by evaporation in a closed vessel, heated to 95 C in a series of sequential experiments. Periodic samples of the evaporating solution were taken to determine the evolving water chemistry. According to chemical divide theory at 25 C and 95 C our starting solution should evolve towards a high pH carbonate brine. Results at 95 C show that this solution evolves towards a complex brine that contains about 99 mol% Na{sup +} for the cations, and 71 mol% Cl{sup -}, 18 mol% {Sigma}CO{sub 2}(aq), 9 mol% SO{sub 4}{sup 2-} for the anions. Initial modeling of the evaporating solution indicates precipitation of aragonite, halite, silica, sulfate and fluoride phases. The experiments have been used to benchmark the use of the EQ3/6 geochemical code in predicting the evolution of carbonate-rich brines during evaporation.
Low-voltage, polarization-insensitive, electro-optic modulator based on a polydomain barium titanate thin film (2004)

A BaTiO3 thin-film electro-optic waveguide modulator with a half-wave voltage-interaction length product (VπL) of 1.1Vcm at 1.55-μm wavelength is demonstrated. The half-wave voltage and the measured effective electro-optic coefficient are 3.3V and 162pm∕V, respectively. The half-wave voltage increases less than 10% over a temperature range of 23–90°C. Polarization-independent electro-optic modulation was observed and attributed to the polydomain structure of the BaTiO3 film. The unique combination of large electro-optic coefficient and polarization independence illustrates how engineered domain structures in ferroelectric thin films can enable properties and performance unachievable in bulk single crystals.
Relationships between the Structure of Convective Clouds and Lightning Frequency Derived from Radiophysical Measurements (2019)

The results of simultaneous radar, radiometric, and lightning location measurements are analyzed to reveal interrelations between the characteristics of electric discharges and the parameters of a cumulonimbus cloud developing near Saint Petersburg. The dependences of the cloud electric activity on the radar characteristics as well as on the parameters derived from the Meteosat SEVIRI radiometer measurements are considered. It is found that lightning frequency highly correlates with the volume of supercooled cloud regions with high values of reflectivity. An increase in the lightning frequency occurs about 20 minutes after the moment when supercooled cloud volumes with reflectivity above 35–55 dBZ reach the maximum values. The maximum precipitation flux precedes the maximum lightning frequency.
Submillimeter Galaxy Surveys with AzTEC (2006)

We describe a recent large scale survey of the Submillimeter Galaxy (SMG) population by AzTEC, a 144 element bolometer camera, on the 15m diameter James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. From November 2005 to February 2006, over 400 hours of telescope time were spent imaging over 1 square degree of sky with an area weighted target sensitivity of 0.7 mJy rms. Several fields with large multi-wavelength data sets were mapped including the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey field, the Lockmann Hole, GOODS-N, and a subset of the COSMOS field. In addition we mapped fields spanning a wide range of environments including several regions with known mass over-density. Together this represents the largest/deepest survey of the SMG population. Herein we report on the technical details of the surveys, describe the reduction pipeline, and show preliminary results from a subsection of the survey fields.
Conditions for nose-over and front wheel lockup of electric bicycles (2016)

For conventional and electrified bicycles (EB) there are two dangerous braking situations that could be addressed by electronic assistance systems similar to motorcycles: bicycle nose-over and front wheel lockup. The publicly funded research project “BikeSafe” at Pforzheim University, Germany, uses analytical methods, simulation models and a test bike to investigate these critical braking situations and to set up a prototype system to avoid them. Frequently and wrongly front wheel lockup is seen as the reason for bicycle nose-over — two completely different phenomena. However, under certain conditions both can appear at the same time. After a brief presentation of the “BikeSafe” project, this paper deals with the conditions and parameter settings under which these critical situations occur. Findings of an analysis using analytical vehicle dynamics approaches are presented and compared with results from literature and simulations. Full understanding of these phenomena is a prerequisite for the development of a functional prototype assistance system.
The Right Not to Suffer Detriment (2022)

Abstract This chapter covers protection against detriment on grounds of a protected disclosure, including the ability to claim against co-workers which was introduced in 2013. It includes consideration of the meaning of detriment, including scope for post-termination of employment detriment and case law developments on limitation of claims to the ‘employment field’. The second half of the chapter is principally focused on the approach to whether the act or deliberate failure to act was ‘done on the ground that’ the worker made the protected disclosure or disclosures. This includes the important issue of the scope for ‘separability’ between a protected disclosure and matters closely related but distinct from it. There is also consideration of the borderline between detriment and dismissal, the burden of proof, and time limits in detriment claims.
Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) macromonomers with phenolic functionality by group transfer polymerization and their use in polycondensation reactions (1991)

Abstract Methyl 1‐trimethylsiloxy‐2‐[2,5‐bis(trimethylsiloxy)phenyl]vinyl ether (6) was used as the initiator for the group transfer polymerization (GTP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) to give macromonomers with aromatic hydroxyl functions. Quantitative removal of the silyl‐protective groups was achieved by acidic or fluoride‐catalyzed cleavage to give the deprotected macromonomer 9 . The reactivity of this macromonomer in polycondensation reactions was shown by the synthesis of a liquid‐crystalline main‐chain polyester with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) side chains (PES‐ graft ‐PMMA) (15) and a 4,4′‐isopropylidenediphenol‐based polycarbonate (PC‐ graft ‐PMMA) ( 19 ).
Parasitism of Meloidogyne Spp. On Grape and Kiwifruit By the Fungal Egg Parasites Paecilomyces Lilacinus and Verticillium Chlamydosporium (1993)

At various times during the growing season, Meloidogyne egg masses were collected from the roots of either grape or kiwifruit, or from tomato plants grown in association with these two crops. Between 23% and 87% of the eggs were found to be parasitized by fungi. Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydosporium were the only species consistently isolated from these parasitized eggs. The fungicides mancozeb and iprodione, when used in combination at 150 mg/l, markedly suppressed radial growth of both P. lilacinus and V. chlamydosporium on agar but had no effect on hatch of Meloidogyne eggs or motility of second-stage juveniles. They were therefore used to estimate the degree of natural suppression of root-knot nematodes occurring in grape vineyards and kiwifruit orchards. When applied to field soil in pots, the fungicides reduced population densities of both P. lilacinus and V. chlamydosporium and significantly reduced the percentage of eggs parasitized. However, this did not result in a significant increase in the number of root-knot nematode juveniles in the soil. This suggested that the egg-parasitic fungi had little impact on root-knot nematode populations and that the fungi were mainly eliminating nematodes in excess of the carrying capacity of the root system.
Phenotypic and functional abnormalities of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (2010)

Our data are in accordance with previous reports that suggest that DCs have a potential pathogenic role in SLE. Defects of these cells are evident during their development in BM. BM mDCs are deficient, whereas BM pDCs, which are part of BM FLDCs, are the likely culprit in inducing autoimmunity in SLE.
Autoepitope Mapping and Reactivity of Autoantibodies to the Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase–Binding Protein (E3bp) and the Glycine Cleavage Proteins in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1999)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) directed primarily against the E2 subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the branched chain 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complex, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, as well as the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein (E3BP) of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The autoantibody response to each E2 subunit is directed to the lipoic acid binding domain. However, hitherto, the epitope recognized by autoantibodies to E3BP has not been mapped. In this study, we have taken advantage of the recently available full-length human E3BP complementary DNA (cDNA) to map this epitope. In addition, another lipoic binding protein, the H-protein of the glycine cleavage complex, was also studied as a potential autoantigen recognized by AMA. Firstly, the sequence corresponding to the lipoic domain of E3BP (E3BP-LD) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and recombinant protein and then purified. Immunoreactivity of 45 PBC sera (and 52 control sera) against the purified recombinant E3BP-LD was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. Secondly, reactivity of PBC sera was similarly analyzed by immunoblotting against H-protein. It is interesting that preabsorption of patient sera with the lipoic acid binding domain of E3BP completely removed all reactivity with the entire protein by immunoblotting analysis, suggesting that autoantibodies to E3BP are directed solely to its lipoic acid binding domain. Fifty-three percent of PBC sera reacted with E3BP-LD, with the majority of the response being of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype (95%). Surprisingly, there was little IgM response to the E3BP-LD suggesting that the immune response was secondary because of determinant spreading. In contrast, H-protein does not appear to possess (or expose) autoepitopes recognized by PBC sera. This observation is consistent with structural data on this moiety.
Arrangements of Collagen Fibrils and Muscle Fibres in the Female Urethra and their Implications for the Control of Micturition (1982)

Summary— Collagen is the major structural component of the female urethra. X‐ray diffraction has been used to determine collagen fibril orientations in the female human, mouse, rat and rabbit urethra. Fibrils are oriented longitudinally and circularly with the former orientation being predominant. Results were confirmed by microscopy. Light microscopy was also used to confirm the longitudinal and circular orientations of muscle fibres. The results are used to explain sphincter and opening mechanisms.
Potentiation of Insulin Signaling in Tissues of Zucker Obese Rats After Acute and Long-Term Treatment With PPARγ Agonists (2002)

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), improve insulin sensitivity in vivo, and the mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we showed that, in Zucker obese (fa/fa) rats, acute (1-day) treatment with both rosiglitazone (a TZD) and a non-TZD PPARgamma agonist (nTZD) reduced plasma free fatty acid and insulin levels and, concomitantly, potentiated insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation at threonine 308 (Akt-pT308) in adipose and muscle tissues. A similar effect on Akt was observed in liver after a 7-day treatment. The increase in Akt-pT308 was correlated with an increase in Akt phosphorylation at serine 473 (Akt-pS473), tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor beta subunit and insulin receptor substrate-1, and serine phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha/beta. The agonists appeared to potentiate Akt1 phosphorylation in muscle and liver and both Akt1 and Akt2 in adipose. Finally, potentiation of insulin signaling was also observed in isolated adipose tissue ex vivo and differentiated 3T3 L1 adipocytes in vitro, but not in rat primary hepatocytes in vitro. These results suggest that 1) PPARgamma agonists acutely potentiate insulin signaling in adipose and muscle tissues and such regulation may be physiologically relevant to insulin sensitization in vivo; 2) the agonists directly target adipose tissues; and 3) the metabolic and signaling effects of the agonists are mediated by structurally distinct PPARgamma agonists.