gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single image haze removal using novel estimation of atmospheric light and transmission (2014)

This paper presents a new single image dehaze approach that uses a novel estimation of the atmospheric light and media transmission. Conventional dehaze methods often result in degraded images with low contrast and/or oversaturation of color in some regions. In order to mitigate these problems we use local atmospheric light and estimate the media transmission for each local region by using an objective function represented by modified saturation evaluation metric and intensity difference. Experimental results on a variety of outdoor haze images show that the proposed method achieves excellent restoration in terms of contrast, color fidelity and image visibility.
Loading and maintenance dose algorithms for phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol using patient characteristics and pharmacogenetic data (2011)

To our knowledge, these are the first genotype-guided loading and maintenance dose algorithms for PHE and ACE using large cohorts. The utility of these algorithms will be tested in randomized controlled trials.
Insect Ecdysis Inhibitors (1986)

A requisite for developmental growth in insects is molting, the entire process of the shedding of the old cuticle. The process of molting is initiated when the insect molting hormone, ecdysterone or 20-hydroxyecdysone (Figure 1), stimulates the epidermis to retract from the cuticle. This retraction, termed apolysis, is immediately followed by mitotic division of the epidermal cells and their subsequent secretion of both a protective procuticle and a gel-like molting fluid. Following activation of the molting fluid, enzymatic digestion of the old cuticle for resorption and reuse results in a thin (undigested) remnant of the old exocuticle, termed exuvia, which is subsequently split and cast off. The casting off of the exuvia, termed ecdysis, is accomplished by hydrostatic pressures brought about by the swallowing of air or water and the performance of muscular activities (1). When new cuticle is synthesized, it is soft and flexible so that the hydrostatic pressures
Electrically controlled surface plasmon resonance frequency of gold nanorods (2006)

We have presented the voltage-controlled tuning of plasmonic response of absorption spectra of gold nanorods in liquid crystals. We observe that gold nanorods can be aligned along the rubbed polyimide substrate before applying external voltage. It is found that the transverse mode of gold nanorods shows a blueshift or a redshift when rotating the analyzer parallel or perpendicular to the rubbing direction, respectively, while all longitudinal modes display a redshift behavior. This work offers an easy way to tune the transverse and longitudinal modes of gold nanorods simultaneously, which makes it feasible to establish the color tunable devices.
Extremely high characteristic temperature T 0 of 0.98 µmInGaAs/InGaP strained quantum well lasers with GaAs/InGaPsuperlattice optical confinement layer (1995)

The authors investigate the incorporation of a GaAs/InGaP superlattice optical confinement layer (SL-OCL) in 0.98 µm InGaAs/InGaP strained quantum-well (QW) lasers. A theoretical study of the multiquantum barrier (MQB) effect of the GaAs/InGaP SL indicates that electrons in the GaAs OCL ‘see’ greater than two times the barrier height of the classical bulk barrier height. Experimentally, an extremely high characteristic temperature T0 of 300 K around RT was obtained, which is mainly due to the enhancement of the carrier confinement due to the MQB effect of the SL-OCL.
Research data supporting "Organic diode rectifiers based on high performance conjugated polymer for near-field energy harvesting circuit" (2017)

Data underpinning publication in Advanced Materials
First experimental demonstration of end-to-end real-time optical OFDM symbol synchronization using subtraction and Gaussian windowing in 25km SMF IMDD systems (2010)

End-to-end real-time optical OFDM symbol synchronization is experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, over directly modulated DFB laser-based 25km SMF IMDD systems. The proposed and demonstrated synchronisation technique offers salient advantages including low complexity, fast tracking speed and high accuracy.
Determination of the optic tensor profile in a FLC layer by the propagation of optic modes (1991)

Abstract By the propagation of optic modes in a thin layer of FLC material it has been possible to directly probe the optic tensor profile within the layer. This has shown that the FLC forms a structure which is consistent with the chevron formation of the smectic layers observed in X-ray scattering work. Further the application of a DC field distorts the tensor configuration in a way consistent with the retention of the chevron structure.
Internet-of-Medical-Things (2017)

We have arrived at the dawn of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era. 25 billion devices (things or physical objects) are already connected to the Internet, and this number is expected to grow to 50 billion by 2020. IoT is a network of physical objects. These objects contain sensors, actuators, and processing elements that enable us to gather data, monitor the health of the object, make intelligent decisions, and optimize processes. IoT is expected to have a potential economic impact of $3-6 trillion per year by 2025, with $1-2.5 trillion of this economic impact (its largest fraction) coming from smart healthcare applications. These applications will be enabled by a personal healthcare system consisting of implantable and wearable medical sensors and devices connected to a personal health hub (e.g., a smartphone or smartwatch) that is connected to the Internet.
Review on Chaga Medicinal Mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Higher Basidiomycetes): Realm of Medicinal Applications and Approaches on Estimating its Resource Potential (2015)

This paper presents a review of the realm of medicinal applications of Inonotus obliquus raw materials, sterile conks I. obliquus, based on the bibliographies of chemical studies of the fungus. The experimental part of the paper is devoted to the presentation of methods of estimating the resource potential of this fungus based on data obtained in the comfort zone of ththis species. A new form, I. obliquus f. sterilis, is formally described.
A simple mid-infrared measurement system based on a tunable filter for the analysis of ternary gas mixtures (2013)

An infrared absorption measurement system, suitable for the analysis of simple gas mixtures with known constituents is under investigation. A theoretical insight into the problems arising from the filter bandwidth when measuring infrared absorption in gases at higher pressures is given. It is demonstrated that the proposed measurement system can be used for the analysis of infrared absorbing ternary gas samples when suitable evaluation algorithms, e.g., partial least-squares regression, are used.
Original article A mathematical model to describe the change in moisture distribution in maize starch during hydrothermal treatment (2008)

Summary Instantaneous Controlled Pressure Drop, 'Detente Instantanee Controlee' (DIC) was performed on standard maize starch at residual moisture content (� 12%). Changes in moisture distribution were observed during the treatment and modelled through a phenomenological model based on gravimetric data. The model proposes an exponential variation in the moisture content with processing time at various pressures. The predicted data were found to be in good agreement with experimental data. The values of water activity coefficient (c) obtained from the model decrease, when processing pressure increases; 5.86, 3.71 and 3.36 (dry basis) )1 for 1, 2 and 3 bar, respectively. The mass transfer coefficient decreases, when the pressure increases. Its value ranged from 5.89 · 10 )5 ms )1 for 1 bar down to 0.92 · 10 )5 ms )1 for 2 bar and 0.77 · 10 )5 ms )1 for 3 bar. This coefficient is not only controlled by a simple resistance to the mass transfer, but also by gelatinisation phenomenon that progresses when temperature increases.
Closing cluster attack windows through server redundancy and rotations (2006)

It is well-understood that increasing redundancy in a system generally improves the availability and dependability of the system. In server clusters, one important form of redundancy is spare servers. Cluster security, while universally recognized as an important subject in its own right, has not often been associated with the issue of redundancy. In prior work, we developed a self-cleansing intrusion tolerance (SCIT) architecture that strengthens cluster security through periodic server rotations and self-cleansing. In this work, we consider the servers in the cleansing mode as redundant, spare hardware and develop a unified control algorithm that manages the requirements of both security and service availability. We show the advantages of our algorithm in the following areas: (1) Intrusion tolerance through constant server rotations and cleansing, (2) Survivability in events of server failures, (3) Guarantee of service availability as long as the cluster has a minimum number of functioning servers, and (4) Scalability, the support of using high degrees of hardware/server redundancy to improve security and fault tolerance. We provide proofs for important properties of the proposed algorithm. The effects of varying degrees of server redundancy in reducing attack windows are investigated through simulation.
T Cell Epitope Peptide Therapy for Allergic Diseases (2016)

Careful selection of dominant T cell epitope peptides of major allergens that display degeneracy for binding to a wide array of MHC class II molecules allows induction of clinical and immunological tolerance to allergen in a refined treatment strategy. From the original concept of peptide-induced T cell anergy arising from in vitro studies, proof-of-concept murine models and flourishing human trials followed. Current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of mixtures of T cell-reactive short allergen peptides or long contiguous overlapping peptides are encouraging with intradermal administration into non-inflamed skin a preferred delivery. Definitive immunological mechanisms are yet to be resolved but specific anergy, Th2 cell deletion, immune deviation, and Treg induction seem implicated. Significant efficacy, particularly with short treatment courses, in a range of aeroallergen therapies (cat, house dust mite, grass pollen) with inconsequential non-systemic adverse events likely heralds a new class of therapeutic for allergy, Synthetic Peptide Immuno-Regulatory Epitopes (SPIRE).
La administración electrónica y la lucha contra la crisis económica (2012)

Se pretende reflexionar en este articulo sobre la importancia que el desarrollo efectivo de la administracion electronica debe tener para mejorar la eficiencia de las administraciones publicas y ayudar a combatir la crisis economica.
Calcium antagonists differently inhibit proliferation of human coronary smooth muscle cells in response to pulsatile stretch and platelet-derived growth factor. (1993)

BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is the key event of coronary artery disease. Mechanical forces, in particular, pulsatile stretch and platelet-derived growth factor, may play an important role. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured from the media of human left descending coronary arteries obtained from organ donors using the explant method. To study effects of pulsatile stretch on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, a computer-controlled in vitro pulsatile stretch device was used. Cells were seeded onto Flex I culture plates with deformable membranes and exposed to pulsatile stretch (60 cycles per minute) and/or growth factors. Proliferation of smooth muscle cells was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Pulsatile stretch markedly stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation of coronary smooth muscle cells (180 +/- 15 to 432 +/- 27 cpm/10(5) cells; P &lt; .05) after 24 hours and increased cell number after 6 days (10.3 +/- 0.7 x 10(4)/mL; P &lt; .05). Platelet-derived growth factor-AB (0.01 to 10 ng/mL) concentration-dependently stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation in coronary smooth muscle cells (EC50, 0.1 ng/mL) and had additive effects with pulsatile stretch. The Ca2+ antagonist verapamil (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) concentration-dependently inhibited proliferation stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor back to control levels (P &lt; .05 to .01) but not that induced by pulsatile stretch. CONCLUSIONS Pulsatile stretch and platelet-derived growth factor are potent stimuli for proliferation of coronary smooth muscle cells. The selective inhibitory effect of a Ca2+ antagonist on smooth muscle cell proliferation stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor but not by pulsatile stretch may explain why the drugs have only modest antiatherogenic effects in patients with coronary artery disease.
Studies on sesquiterpenes from Macroclinidium trilobum MAKINO. II. (1985)

Four new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glycosides, macroclinisides F (II), G (III), H (IV) and I (V), and a new phenyl propanoid glycoside, 4-allyl-2, 6-dimethoxyphenol glucoside (VI), have been isolated from Macroclinidium trilobum MAKINO together with isolipidiol (I). The structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectral data.
Determination of the Attachment of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida to Fish Cells Using an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. (2001)

This paper describes the application of a modified ELISA, which offers a simple and semi-quantitative method to examine the attachment of P. damselae subsp. piscicida to CHSE-214 cells. The suitability of the ELISA procedure to assess this attachment was first confirmed by comparing the results of the ELISA with levels of attachment seen by microscopic examination. Significant differences were observed in the levels of adhesion to CHSE-214 among 32 P. damselae subsp. piscicida isolates from different species of fish and geographically different regions. Exposure of bacteria to low pH (pH 4-6) did not enhance their abilities to adhere to CHSE-214. However, treatment of two representative isolates, Italian I736 and Japanese SP92144, with seven different monosaccharides, revealed differences in their abilities to bind to the cells. Attachment of isolate SP92144 was significantly enhanced by treatment with both N-acetylneuraminic acid and L-fructose, while N-acetyl-D-galactosamine significantly decreased its ability to adhere. The attachment of strain 1736 increased significantly when treated with N-acetylneuraminic acid.
GrCount: Counting method for uncertain data (2019)

We report a method for counting uncertain data, i.e. observations that cannot be precisely associated to referents. We model data uncertainty through Possibility Theory and we develop the counting method so as to take into account the possibility distributions attached to data. The result is a fuzzy interval on the domain of natural numbers, which can be obtained by two variants of the method: exact counting provides the true fuzzy interval in quadratic time complexity, while approximate counting carries out an estimate of the fuzzy interval in linear time. We give a step-by-step description of the method so that it can be replicated in any programming environment. We also provide a Python implementation and a use case in Bioinformatics. The method usage is the following: •The uncertain data are represented in form of matrix, one row for each observation. Each row is a possibility distribution;•The method variant must be selected. In the case of the approximate variant, the number of α-values of the resulting fuzzy interval must be provided;•For each referent, a fuzzy interval is determined and carried out by the method.
Improved criteria and comparative genomics tool provide new insights into grass paleogenomics (2009)

In the past decade, a number of bioinformatics tools have been developed to perform comparative genomics studies in plants and animals. However, most of the publicly available and user friendly tools lack common standards for the identification of robust orthologous relationships between genomes leading non-specialists to often over interpret the results of large scale comparative sequence analyses. Recently, we have established a number of improved parameters and tools to define significant relationships between genomes as a basis to develop paleogenomics studies in grasses. Here, we describe our approaches and propose the development of community-based standards that can be used in comparative genomic studies to (i) identify robust sets of orthologous gene pairs, (ii) derive complete sets of chromosome to chromosome relationships within and between genomes and (iii) model common paleo-ancestor genome structures. The rice and sorghum genome sequences are used to exemplify step-by-step a methodology that should allow users to perform accurate comparative genome analyses in their favourite species. Finally, we describe two applications for accurate gene annotation and synteny-based cloning of agronomically important traits.
Approximating Equilibria in Sequential Auctions with Incomplete Information and Multi-Unit Demand (2012)

In many large economic markets, goods are sold through sequential auctions. Examples include eBay, online ad auctions, wireless spectrum auctions, and the Dutch flower auctions. In this paper, we combine methods from game theory and decision theory to search for approximate equilibria in sequential auction domains, in which bidders do not know their opponents' values for goods, bidders only partially observe the actions of their opponents', and bidders demand multiple goods. We restrict attention to two-phased strategies: first predict (i.e., learn); second, optimize. We use best-reply dynamics [4] for prediction (i.e., to predict other bidders' strategies), and then assuming fixed other-bidder strategies, we estimate and solve the ensuing Markov decision processes (MDP) [18] for optimization. We exploit auction properties to represent the MDP in a more compact state space, and we use Monte Carlo simulation to make estimating the MDP tractable. We show how equilibria found using our search procedure compare to known equilibria for simpler auction domains, and we approximate an equilibrium for a more complex auction domain where analytical solutions are unknown.
Hybrid depth cueing for 2D-to-3D conversion system (2009)

The three-dimensional (3D) displays provide a dramatic improvement of visual quality than the 2D displays do. The conversion of existing 2D videos to 3D videos is necessary for multimedia application. This paper presents a robust system to convert 2D videos to 3D videos. The main concepts are to extract the depth information from motion parallax of moving picture and to depth information from geometrical perspective in non-moving scene. In the first part, depthinduced motion information is reconstructed by motion vector to disparity mapping. By warping the consecutive video frames to parallel view angle with the current frame, the frame with suitable baseline is selected to generate depth using motion parallax information. However, video may not have the depth-induced motion information in every case. For scene without motion parallax, depth from geometrical perspective is applied to generate scene depth map. Scene depth map is assigned depending on the scene mode and analyzed line structure in the video. Combining these two depth cues, the stereo effect is enhanced and provide spectacular depth map. The depth map is then used to render the multi-view video for 3D display.
Development of a totally computer-controlled triple quadrupole mass spectrometer system (1983)

A totally computer-controlled triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (TQMS) is described. It has a number of unique features not available on current commercial instruments, including: complete computer control of source and all ion axial potentials; use of dual computers for data acquisition and data processing; and capability for self-adaptive control of experiments. Furthermore, it has been possible to produce this instrument at a cost significantly below that of commercial instruments. This triple quadrupole mass spectrometer has been constructed using components commercially available from several different manufacturers. The source is a standard Hewlett-Packard 5985B GC/MS source. The two quadrupole analyzers and the quadrupole CAD region contain Balzers QMA 150 rods with Balzers QMG 511 rf controllers for the analyzers and a Balzers QHS-511 controller for the CAD region. The pulsed-positive-ion-negative-ion-chemical ionization (PPINICI) detector is made by Finnigan Corporation. The mechanical and electronics design were developed at LLNL for linking these diverse elements into a functional TQMS as described. The computer design for total control of the system is unique in that two separate LSI-11/23 minicomputers and assorted I/O peripherals and interfaces from several manufacturers are used. The evolution of this design concept from totally computer-controlled instrumentation into future self-adaptive or ‘‘expert’’ systems for instrumental analysis is described. Operational characteristics of the instrument and initial results from experiments involving the analysis of the high explosive HMX (1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazacyclooctane) are presented.
Effect of Nozzle Geometry on Hydroentangling Water Jets: Experimental Observations (2004)

This paper reports on the role of nozzle geometry on the characteristics of hydroen tangling water jets, specifically the behavior of three different conventional nozzle geometries under pressures below 3500 psi. Profiles of the water jets are digitized with a Nikon Dlx digital camera from which we extract the water-jet breakup lengths and spray angles under different operating conditions. Our preliminary data indicate that the cone-up nozzle produces water jets with considerably shorter intact lengths and slightly larger spray angles and a higher coefficient of discharge compared to the two other geometries considered. We attribute this distinct behavior to friction-induced and cavitation-induced turbulence inside the cone-up nozzles; a constricted water jet is formed by cone-down or cylindrical nozzles. Our results are in excellent agreement with previous experimental and computational data.