gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theophylline and Dexamethasone Induce Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Expression in Human Eosinophils (2006)

Eosinophils are major effector cells in allergic diseases including asthma. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates immune reaction. We have previously demonstrated that human eosinophils express PPARgamma and that stimulation with a synthetic agonist for PPARgamma attenuated the factor-induced eosinophil survival and chemotaxis. However, the modulator of the eosinophil PPARgamma expression has not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of theophylline and dexamethasone (widely used drugs in the treatment of asthma) on PPARgamma expression in eosinophils. Purified human peripheral blood eosinophils were cultured, and therapeutic concentrations of theophylline and dexamethasone were added. Subsequently, PPARgamma was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Theophylline and dexamethasone markedly enhanced both mRNA and protein levels of PPARgamma. These findings suggest that the increase in PPARgamma expression on eosinophils may play a role in the anti-inflammatory effects of theophylline and dexamethasone.
Bisphosphonate Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (2009)

In 2003, the first reports describing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients receiving bisphosphonates (BP) were published. These cases occurred in patients with cancer receiving high-dose intravenous BP; however, 5% of the cases were in patients with osteoporosis receiving low-dose bisphosphonate therapy. We present the results of a systematic review of the incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BP associated ONJ. We conducted a comprehensive literature search for relevant studies on BP associated ONJ in oncology and osteoporosis patients published before February 2008.All selected relevant articles were sorted by area of focus. Data for each area were abstracted by 2 independent reviewers. The results showed that the diagnosis is made clinically. Prospective data evaluating the incidence and etiologic factors are very limited. In oncology patients receiving high-dose intravenous BP, ONJ appears to be dependent on the dose and duration of therapy, with an estimated incidence of 1%-12% at 36 months of exposure. In osteoporosis patients, it is rare, with an estimated incidence < 1 case per 100,000 person-years of exposure. The incidence of ONJ in the general population is not known. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to confirm a causal link between low-dose BP use in the osteoporosis patient population and ONJ. We concluded BP associated ONJ is associated with high-dose BP therapy primarily in the oncology patient population. Prevention and treatment strategies are currently based on expert opinion and focus on maintaining good oral hygiene and conservative surgical intervention.
Coherent Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (2002)

Purely absorptive two-dimensional (2D) infrared vibrational spectra are obtained by adding together rephasing and non-rephasing 2D spectra. The modulation of cross-peaks and emergence of new peaks are demonstrated as a function of the mixing period.
A 200V Partial SOI 0.18µm CMOS technology (2010)

A novel 0.18µm 200V integrated technology based on Partial SOI and lateral Super Junctions devices is presented. The dielectric isolation inherent in SOI allows simple and area-efficient integration of electrically floating CMOS and HV devices while removing all substrate carrier injection-related parasitic effects. The Super Junctions give a competitively low on-resistance of HVMOS and provide a wide-range breakdown voltage-scaling capability.
Data from Cytotoxic T Cells and their Activation Status are Independent Prognostic Markers in Meningiomas (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Clinically aggressive meningiomas (MGMs) are rare but treatment-resistant tumors in need for more effective therapies. Because tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) are essential for successful immunotherapy, we assessed TIL numbers and their activation status in primary (p-) and recurrent (r-) meningiomas and their impact on survival.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Presence of TILs was analyzed in 202 clinically well-annotated cases (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 123 pMGMs and &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 79 rMGMs) focusing on higher-grade meningiomas [&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 97 World Health Organization (WHO) °II, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 62 WHO°III]. TILs were quantified by a semiautomated analysis on whole-tissue sections stained by multicolor immunofluorescence for CD3, CD8, FOXP3, and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1).&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Median T-cell infiltration accounted for 0.59% TILs per total cell count. Although there were no significant WHO°-dependent changes regarding helper (CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;) and cytotoxic (CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;) TILs in pMGMs, higher number of cytotoxic TILs were associated with an improved progression-free survival (PFS) independent of prognostic confounders. rMGMs were characterized by lower numbers of TILs in general, helper, and cytotoxic TILs. The additional analysis of their activation status revealed that a proportion of PD-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TILs within the TIL population was significantly decreased with higher WHO grade and in rMGMs. Furthermore, lower proportions of PD-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TILs were associated with inferior PFS in multivariate analyses, arguing for PD-1 as activation rather than exhaustion marker.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;We identified higher numbers of CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; TILs and proportions of PD-1–expressing CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; TILs as novel biomarkers for better survival. These findings might facilitate the selection of patients who may benefit from immunotherapy and argue in favor of an intervention in primary rather than recurrent tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Design of a low-power calibratable charge-redistribution SAR ADC (2014)

This paper describes the implementation of a calibratable charge-redistribution (CR) based successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This differential 13-bit CR SAR ADC is implemented with a unit capacitance of 1.54 fF which is much smaller than the capacitance used in most novel SAR ADCs. As a result, the area and the power consumption are reduced significantly. In the targeted 65-nm technology with a supply voltage of 1.2V, an optimistic FOM of about 2.76 fJ/conversion-step is achieved through simulations. Since the larger mismatch between such small capacitors of the ADC degrades its linearity significantly, a foreground calibration technique based on trimming each capacitance with smaller switchable capacitors is developed to compensate the mismatch. Also, for the purpose of mismatch detection, an offset-calibratable double-tail latch comparator is designed to achieve an offset below 70 μV.
Substrate specificity in enzymatic fluorination. The fluorinase from Streptomyces cattleya accepts 2′-deoxyadenosine substrates (2006)

The fluorinase enzyme from Streptomyces cattleya displays an unusual ability in biocatalysis in that it forms a C-F bond. We now report that the enzyme will accept 2'-deoxyadenosine in place of adenosine substrates, and structural evidence reveals a reorganisation in hydrogen bonding to accommodate this substrate series. It emerges from this study that the enzyme does not require a planar ribose conformation of the substrate to catalyse C-F bond formation.
Purified human macrophage secretions suppress tumor growth in the mouse. (1983)

Purified supernatants obtained from human macrophage supernatants or the U937 human macrophage cell line are cytotoxic for tumor cells in vitro, and when tumor bearing animals are injected with these supernatants tumor growth is suppressed in vivo. Tumor growth rate and survival times were assessed for each group of animals. At day 12 after injection of the P815 tumor cells, no difference in tumor size could be demonstrated in any of the groups. However, by day 17 the tumors in the animals treated with macrophage supernatants or the U937 macrophage cell line supernatants did not continue to increase in size as was seen in the case of the control animals. When examining survival times, it appeared that the animals treated with macrophage supernatants survived approximately 8 days longer than did the animals receiving no treatment (35-day vs 27-day survival), and the animals treated with the U937 macrophage cell line supernatants survived approximately 13 days longer than the control animals (40-day vs 27-day survival). Thus, it appears that tumor cell growth can be slowed down in vivo when purified macrophage supernatants as well as the secretions from a human macrophage cell line are injected into the tumor mass.
Capacity-building in clinical skills of rehabilitation workforce in low- and middle-income countries (2018)

The core skills identified reflect general rehabilitation practice and a task-shifting approach, to address shortages of health workers in low-and middle-income countries.
Predicting ADC: A new approach for low power ADC design (2014)

In this paper we present a scaling friendly supplement to ADC designs which can produce increases in conversion speed and power efficiency by attempting to predict the value of the next sample. To accomplish this we use a first order difference equation to predict the values of several of the bits in the next sample. In doing so, we can save power by reducing the number of comparisons and by reducing the capacitor array switching power.
Supplementary Table S1 from RLY-4008, the First Highly Selective FGFR2 Inhibitor with Activity across <i>FGFR2</i> Alterations and Resistance Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Potency (kinact/KI) of RLY-4008 against FGFR1 and FGFR2&lt;/p&gt;
The Future Promise of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Integration: A Sociotechnical Review and Research Agenda (2017)

Vehicle-grid integration (VGI) describes various approaches to link the electric power system and the transportation system in ways that may benefit both. VGI includes systems that treat plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) as controllable load with a unidirectional flow of electricity, such as “smart” or “controlled” charging or time-of-use (TOU) pricing. VGI typically encompasses vehicle-to-grid (V2G), a more technically advanced vision with bidirectional flow of electricity between the vehicle and power grid, in effect treating the PEV as a storage device. Such VGI systems could help decarbonize transportation, support load balancing, integrate renewable energy into the grid, increase revenues for electricity companies, and create new revenue streams for automobile owners. This review introduces various aspects and visions of VGI based on a comprehensive review. In doing so, it identifies the possible benefits, opportunities, and barriers relating to V2G, according to technical, financial, socio-environmental, and behavioral components. After summarizing our sociotechnical approach and the various opportunities and barriers indicated by existing literature, we construct a proposed research agenda to provide insights into previously understudied and unstudied research objectives. We find that the majority of VGI studies to date focus on technical aspects of VGI, notably on the potential of V2G systems to facilitate load balancing or to minimize electricity costs, in some cases including environmental goals as constraints. Only a few studies directly investigate the role of consumer acceptance and driver behavior within such systems, and barely any studies address the need for institutional capacity and cross-sectoral policy coordination. These gaps create promising opportunities for future research.
Ionenstrahlgestäubte GaAs‐Schichten auf verschiedenen einkristalline Substraten (1975)

Abstract Dünne GaAs‐Schichten wurden mittels der Ionenstrahlzerstäubung auf Spinell, (111)‐Si und (100)‐GaAs abgeschieden. Das Strahlsystem arbeitete mit Argonionen (10 keV) bei einem Vakuum von 5…︁8 · 10 −6 Torr im Rezipienten. Als Target wurde undotiertes polykristallines GaAs verwendet. Die Untersuchungen der Schichteigenschaften erfolgte durch elektronenmikroskopische Verfahren (RHEED und C/Pt‐Abdrücke). Die Substrattemperaturen lagen zwischen 180 °C und 590 °C bei Abscheidungsraten von 1&amp;3 Å/s. In einem relativ schmalen Temperaturbereich wurden epitaktische Schichten guter Qualität erhalten; die optimalen Werte lagen für GaAs auf Si bei 540 °C und für GaAs auf GaAs im Interval von 400…︁450 °C. Höhere Substrattemperaturen führten zu Störungen der Kristallstruktur durch Ga‐Überschuß in der Schicht infolge Zersetzung des GaAs.
Characterization of a mouse DNA clone containing an immunoglobulin variable region gene (1978)

A 4.8 kilobase mouse embryo DNA fragment was inserted into a phage lambda genome and was subsequently characterized by electron microscopy, restriction enzyme mapping and partial DNA sequencing. This fragment contains a 400 base sequence which is homologous to that of an immunoglobulin light lambda chain mRNA which spans 3.3 to 3.7 kilobases from one end of the fragment. Restriction enzyme mapping as well as partial nucleotide sequencing of the 3' terminal of the homology region confirm the previous conclusion [Tonegawa, Brack, Hozumi and Schuller, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74, 3518-3522 (1977)] that the cloned DNA fragment contains a Vlambda gene sequence which is separate from any Clambda sequence.
Host-derived fecal microRNAs can indicate gut microbiota healthiness and ability to induce inflammation (2019)

Disruption of intestine-microbiota symbiosis can result in chronic gut inflammation. We hypothesize that assessing the initial inflammatory potential of the microbiota in patients is essential and that host-derived miRNAs, which can be found in feces, could fulfill this function. We investigated whether the gut microbiota composition impacts the fecal miRNA profile and thereby indicates its ability to influence intestinal inflammation. <b>Methods</b>: We used high-throughput qPCR to compare fecal miRNA profile between germ-free and conventional mice. Conventionalization of germfree mice by various colitogenic and non-colitogenic microbiotas (IL10<sup>-/-</sup> and TLR5<sup>-/-</sup> associated microbiota) was performed. <b>Results</b>: We identified 12 fecal miRNAs impacted by the presence of a microbiota. Conventionalization of germfree mice by various colitogenic and non-colitogenic microbiotas associated with the development of intestinal inflammation (IL10<sup>-/-</sup> and TLR5<sup>-/-</sup> associated microbiota) yielded distinctively altered fecal miRNA profiles compared to that of mice receiving a "healthy" microbiota. Correlation analysis revealed the existence of interactions between the 12 abovementioned miRNAs and specific microbiota members. <b>Conclusion</b>: These results showed that fecal miRNA profile can be differentially and specifically impacted by microbiota composition, and that miRNA could importantly serve as markers of the colitogenic potential of the microbiota. This is particularly relevant to assess individual state of the microbiota in patients with dysbiosis-related disorders, such as IBD and potentially determine their ability to respond to therapeutics.
Εξωτερικό γινόμενο & περιστροφές (2016)

ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΗ Ι [EΘΝΙΚΟ & ΚΑΠΟΔΙΣΤΡΙΑΚΟ ΠΑΝEΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΑΘΗΝΩΝ, ΣΧΟΛΗ ΘEΤΙΚΩΝ EΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ, ΤΜΗΜΑ ΦΥΣΙΚΗΣ]
Function of calmodulin in postsynaptic densities. I. Presence of a calmodulin-activatable cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity. (1981)

The postsynaptic density (PSD) fraction from canine cerebra cortex was found to contain an endogenous cyclic nucleotide-phosphodiesterase activity that was independent on Mn2+ and/or Mg2+ but not on Ca2+. Maximal activity was obtained at 1 micrometer Mn2+. This cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity was not decreased upon removal of the calmodulin from the PSD fraction, nor was it increased by the addition of calmodulin to a postsynaptic density fraction deficient in calmodulin. The enzymatic activity could be extracted by sonication, with the soluble enzyme having properties similar to those found in the native structure. Two peaks of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities could be obtained after S-300 Sephacryl column chromatography of this soluble fraction: fraction I (excluded peak) and fraction II (215,000 mol wt). The fraction I activity preferred cyclic AMP over cyclic GMP and was not activated by calmodulin. The fraction II activity has an approximately fourfold lower Km for cyclic GMP over cyclic AMP. This fraction II activity was activatable by calmodulin, which increased the Vmax and decreased the Km in the case of both cyclic nucleotides. We conclude that two activities are present in the PSD, one activatable, and one not activatable, by calmodulin.
Mathematical descriptions of hybridoma culture kinetics: II. The relationship between thiol chemistry and the degradation of serum activity (1989)

Abstract The growth rate of the hybridoma cell line ATCC‐CRL‐1606 in low serum medium declines rapidly with time after inoculation. To characterize this phenomenon, the stability of the growth‐promoting activity of serum was investigated. The activity of serum was found to de grade with time, and was stabilized by alterations in the medium formulation that acted to lower the oxidation/reduction potential. This included both the addition of thiols and the elimination of disulfides from the medium. Additionally, cysteine and other thiols were shown to stimulate growth in low serum, low cell density cultures, suggesting that thiols may be rate‐limiting in low serum medium. Stimulation of growth by thiol addition was less significant at high cell levels, implying that the cells themselves may be acting to reduce their environment. A hypothesis is presented based on these results which suggests that the actual rate‐limiting moieties in low serum cultures may be dithiols.
Fluorocarbon plasma etching and profile evolution of porous low-dielectric-constant silica (2003)

To achieve shorter RC-delay times in integrated circuits low-dielectric-constant (low-k) materials are being investigated for interconnect wiring. Porous silicon dioxide (PS) is one such material. To address scaling issues during fluorocarbon plasma etching of PS, a feature profile model has been integrated with a plasma equipment model. To focus on issues related to the morphology of porous materials, the PS was treated as stoichiometric SiO2. The model was validated by comparison to experiments for PS etching in CHF3 plasmas sustained in an inductively coupled reactor. We found that etch rates (ER) for PS are generally higher than for SiO2 due to the inherent smaller mass density, although ER do not necessarily scale linearly with pore size or porosity. Mass-corrected ER can be either larger or smaller than that of solid SiO2. For example, in polymerizing environments, at high porosities and large pore radii, there is a reduction in ER due to pore filling with polymer. Profile scaling parameters, such as for tapering, observed for solid SiO2, are generally applicable to PS.
Protection of Alcohol Dehydrogenase against Freeze–Thaw Stress by Ice-Binding Proteins Is Proportional to Their Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Property (2020)

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) have ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity. IRI property has been extensively utilized for the cryopreservation of different types of cells and tissues. Recent reports demonstrated that IRI can also play a significant role in protecting proteins from freezing damage during freeze-thaw cycles. In this study, we hypothesized that the protective capability of IBPs on proteins against freeze-thaw damage is proportional to their IRI activity. Hence we used two IBPs: one with higher IRI activity (LeIBP) and the other with lower activity (FfIBP). Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was used as a freeze-labile model protein. IBPs and ADH were mixed, frozen at -20 °C, and thawed repeatedly. The structure of ADH was assessed using fluorescence emission spectra probed by 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate over the repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The activity was monitored at 340 nm spectrophotometrically. Fluorescence data and activity clearly indicated that ADH without IBP was freeze-labile. However, ADH maintained about 70% residual activity after five repeated cycles at a minimal concentration of 0.1 mg mL<sup>-1</sup> of high IRI-active LeIBP, but only 50% activity at 4 mg mL<sup>-1</sup> of low active FfIBP. These results showed that the protection of proteins from freeze-thaw stress by IBPs is proportional to their IRI activity.
Candesartan Attenuates Diabetic Retinal Vascular Pathology by Restoring Glyoxalase-I Function (2010)

We have identified a novel mechanism by which candesartan improves diabetic retinopathy through the restoration of GLO-I.
Regulation and functions of MicroRNA‐149 in human cancers (2018)

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in the regulatory mechanisms involving cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Recent research efforts have been conducted to apply these discoveries into clinical functions, including the early diagnosis and therapeutic outcome of patients with cancer. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-149 (miR-149) is dysregulated in various human cancers and exerts its effects on tumorigenesis and tumour progression. In this review, we summarized the potential roles of miR-149 dysregulation and its target genes during tumorigenesis and clinical treatment of human cancers.
Influence of the Hydrodynamic Environment on Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms (2007)

We provide experimental and modeling evidence that the hydrodynamic environment can impact quorum sensing (QS) in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. The amount of biofilm biomass required for full QS induction of the population increased as the flow rate increased.
Application of Chlorine Dioxide in Cell Surface Modification to Enhance Its Mechanical Stability and Metal Ion Adsorption (2019)

There has been a trend toward the use of microorganisms as the biomaterial for removing dyes and metals from wastewater. However, native microorganism cells have low mechanical stability, which limit their further application in industries. In this study, chlorine dioxide (ClO<sub>2</sub>), a high-efficiency, low-toxicity, and environmentally benign disinfectant, was used for microorganism surface modification to enhance the mechanical stability and metal ion adsorption of the cell. ClO<sub>2</sub> can either modify cell walls to improve their metal adsorption capacity or modify cell membranes to improve their mechanical stability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that several cell surface groups were involved in the cell wall modification of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. Microscopic observation indicated that ClO<sub>2</sub> treatment could deter cell membranes from forming vesicles in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution, and freeze-etching showed that ClO<sub>2</sub> treatment could alter the erythrocyte membrane proteins which might also contribute to improving the cell stability. The experimental results on <i>Bacillus</i> sp., <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Mucor rouxii</i> show that ClO<sub>2</sub> treatment may increase, or at least not reduce, the ability of microbial cells to adsorb heavy metals, but it can significantly improve the resistance of these cells to NaOH cleavage. It seems ClO<sub>2</sub> is a promising auxiliary for biosorption of heavy-metal ions.