gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Floristics of the upper Walker River, California (1983)

A checklist of the vascular flora of the upper Walker River is presented. Listed are 1078 taxa from this 4000 km2 area. The upper Walker River encompasses a portion of the boundary between the Intermountain and Sierra Nevada floristic regions, and hence displays much floristic diversity within a relatively small area. Due to its location along the east slope of the Sierra Nevada, the Walker River drainage is unique in that it contains much elevational variation eastward into the Intermountain Region. This elevational extension is due to the presence of large mountain ranges including the Sweetwater Mountains, the Bodie Hills, and the Wassuk Range. As a result of this elevational variation, there is much overlapping of the two floristic regions. Additionally, the easternmost exposures of the Sierran granodiorites occur within the Walker River basin and may enhance the eastward migration of Sierran plants. The 90 percent floristic similarity (Sorenson's) between the Sweetwater Mountains, lying to the east of the Sierra, and the east slope of the Sierra Nevada (within the Walker River drainage) indicates the Sweetwaters to be more affiliated with the Sierran flora instead of the Intermountain flora.
Genome-wide selective sweeps and gene-specific sweeps in natural bacterial populations (2016)

Multiple models describe the formation and evolution of distinct microbial phylogenetic groups. These evolutionary models make different predictions regarding how adaptive alleles spread through populations and how genetic diversity is maintained. Processes predicted by competing evolutionary models, for example, genome-wide selective sweeps vs gene-specific sweeps, could be captured in natural populations using time-series metagenomics if the approach were applied over a sufficiently long time frame. Direct observations of either process would help resolve how distinct microbial groups evolve. Here, from a 9-year metagenomic study of a freshwater lake (2005-2013), we explore changes in single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) frequencies and patterns of gene gain and loss in 30 bacterial populations. SNP analyses revealed substantial genetic heterogeneity within these populations, although the degree of heterogeneity varied by >1000-fold among populations. SNP allele frequencies also changed dramatically over time within some populations. Interestingly, nearly all SNP variants were slowly purged over several years from one population of green sulfur bacteria, while at the same time multiple genes either swept through or were lost from this population. These patterns were consistent with a genome-wide selective sweep in progress, a process predicted by the 'ecotype model' of speciation but not previously observed in nature. In contrast, other populations contained large, SNP-free genomic regions that appear to have swept independently through the populations prior to the study without purging diversity elsewhere in the genome. Evidence for both genome-wide and gene-specific sweeps suggests that different models of bacterial speciation may apply to different populations coexisting in the same environment.
MEEK MICROGRAFTING TECHNIQUE AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE BURN INJURIES AT THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OSTRAVA BURN CENTER. (2019)

Meek micrografting is effective in the surgical management of deep burns in extensive thermal injuries with limited donor site availability...
Sự phát triển của Nho giáo thời kỳ Lý - Trần (2012)

Để lam ro qua trinh phat triển của Nho giao với tư cach học thuyết chinh trị - đạo đức trong thời kỳ Lý - Trần, trong bai viết nay, cac tac giả đa đưa ra va luận giải: 1. Những điều kiện kinh tế, chinh trị, xa hội va van hoa, giao dục ở thời kỳ Lý - Trần; 2/ Quan niệm của vua, quan thời Lý - Trần về đạo trị nước, yen dân của Nho giao; 3/ Tư tưởng về va mệnh Trời của Han Nho va ảnh hưởng của no trong đời sống xa hội Việt Nam thời Lý - Trần; 4/ Cac Nho sĩ Việt Nam thời Lý - Trần vận dụng cac phạm tru đạo đức Nho giao trong lĩnh vực chinh trị va xây dựng cac chuẩn mực đạo đức; 5/ Qua trinh hinh thanh, phat triển va vị tri chủ đạo của giao dục Nho học trong nền giao dục đất nước thời Lý Trần
La investigación sobre políticas y consumo cultural en América Latina y en Chile. La incidencia del conocimiento en la formulación de las políticas públicas (2011)

En Chile, en los ultimos 20 anos, el desarrollo de la actividad cultural ha experimentado 
cambios, innovaciones, reformulaciones y avances conformando una realidad inedita 
partir de la generacion de la nueva institucionalidad cultural. Paralelamente a los 
esfuerzos de los gobiernos democraticos por desarrollar politicas culturales desde la 
institucionalidad dispuesta, se ha ido produciendo un fenomeno socio-economico-cultural que tiene en mayor o menor medida a cada vez mas amplios sectores de la 
poblacion chilena accediendo a bienes artisticos y culturales. Los estudios realizados 
en el pais han puesto en evidencia que estamos en presencia de una redefinicion de los 
publicos de las distintas experiencias culturales. 
Existen algunos trabajos que han destacado algunas consecuencias en las politicas 
culturales destinadas a la extension del consumo. Los fundamentos teoricos y el 
desarrollo de las politicas culturales en Chile a contar de los 90 han sido objeto de 
atencion de investigadores universitarios, algunos de ellos estan siendo actualmente 
financiados por FONDECYT y por tesistas como parte de sus trabajos finales. Del 
mismo modo, las politicas culturales en democracia han sido resenadas por algunos de 
sus directos promotores o por agentes responsables de organizaciones culturales 
relevantes del pais. 
El trabajo resume las lineas centrales de la contribucion que la investigacion aplicada en 
cultura ha generado en el diseno, implementacion, evaluacion e impacto de las politicas 
culturales.
Die Kinetik der thermischen Reaktion zwischen Fluorfluorsulfonat (F 2 SO 3) und Schwefeltrioxid (1968)

Article Die Kinetik der thermischen Reaktion zwischen Fluorfluorsulfonat (F2SO3) und Schwefeltrioxid was published on February 1, 1968 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 57, issue 3_6).
Establishment of a human leukemia subline resistant to the growth‐inhibitory effect of 12‐o‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) and showing non‐P‐glycoprotein‐mediated multi‐drug resistance (1991)

We have previously reported that K562/ADM, a typical P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug-resistant cell line, is cross-resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and non-TPA type tumor promoters. To elucidate the mechanism of cross-resistance to tumor promoters in K562/ADM, we have established a K562 subline resistant to TPA-induced growth inhibition by exposing K562 cells to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine for 24 hr followed by continuous exposure to TPA. A K562 subline resistant to the TPA-induced growth inhibition, termed K562/TPA, was selected by a limiting dilution technique. K562/TPA was more than 500-fold resistant to TPA compared with parental K562 cells. K562/TPA showed cross-resistance to etoposide, teniposide, adriamycin (ADM), vincristine, vindesine and 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)] methyl-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, but showed collateral sensitivity to cisplatin. Although K562/ADM was not cross-resistant to 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-13-deoxo-10-hydroxycarminomycin (MX2), an anthracycline derivative, K562/TPA was cross-resistant to MX2. By Northern blot analysis, K562/TPA did not express MDR-1. Accumulation of ADM by K562/TPA was no lower than that of K562 although that of K562/ADM was 5-fold lower than K562. We examined the subcellular distribution of ADM by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence of ADM was located in the nucleus of K562 and mainly in the cytoplasm of K562/TPA and K562/ADM. The distribution of ADM in K562/TPA, however, was different from that in K562/ADM. These results suggested that K562/TPA had a non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug-resistance phenotype and that the mechanism of drug-resistance in this cell line might be explained by an alteration in the intracellular drug distribution.
A BDI Agent Architecture for Dialogue Modelling and Coordination in a Smart Personal Assistant (2006)

We discuss the architectural aspects of a smart personal assistant (SPA) system that enables users to access a range of applications from a range of devices using multi-modal natural language dialogue. Each back-end application is a personal assistant specializing in one specific task such as e-mail or calendar management, and typically each has its own user model, enabling it to adapt to the user's changing preferences. The PDA interface to the SPA must present the system as a single unified set of back-end applications, enabling the user to conduct a dialogue in which it is easy to switch between these applications. Furthermore, the system's interaction with the user must be tailored to their current device. The SPA is implemented using an agent platform and includes a special BDI coordinator agent with plans both for coordinating the actions of the individual assistants and for encoding the system's dialogue model. The plan-based dialogue model is at a high level of abstraction, enabling the domain-independent plans in the dialogue model to be reused in different SPA systems.
Association Control for Wireless LANs: Pursuing Throughput Maximization and Energy Efficiency (2012)

International audience
Multi-object shape estimation and tracking from silhouette cues (2008)

This paper deals with the 3D shape estimation from silhouette cues of multiple moving objects in general indoor or outdoor 3D scenes with potential static obstacles, using multiple calibrated video streams. Most shape-from-silhouette techniques use a two-classification of space occupancy and silhouettes, based on image regions that match or disagree with a static background appearance model. Binary silhouette information becomes insufficient to unambiguously carve 3D space regions as the number and density of dynamic objects increases. In such difficult scenes, multi-view stereo methods suffer from visibility problems, and rely on color calibration procedures tedious to achieve outdoors. We propose a new algorithm to automatically detect and reconstruct scenes with a variable number of dynamic objects. Our formulation distinguishes between m different shapes in the scene by using automatically learnt view-specific appearance models, eliminating the color calibration requirement. Bayesian reasoning is then applied to solve the m-shape occupancy problem, with m updated as objects enter or leave the scene. Results show that this method yields multiple silhouette-based estimates that drastically improve scene reconstructions over traditional two-label silhouette scene analysis. This enables the method to also efficiently deal with multi-person tracking problems.
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples by using polymerase chain reaction and a nonradioactive detection system (1992)

A test based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical samples. In this test, a 245-bp sequence of the insertion element IS986 was amplified and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of ethidium bromide and by Southern blot and dot blot hybridization by using a 188-bp digoxigenin-labeled probe. We tested clinical specimens from 227 patients suspected of having tuberculosis. These included 102 cerebrospinal fluid, 48 sputum, 18 pleural fluid, 5 bronchoalveolar lavage, 18 blood, 7 pus, 8 bone marrow, and 6 urine samples and 15 tissue biopsy specimens. We also tested sputum samples from 75 patients with diseases other than tuberculosis. Sputum samples were first decontaminated, and all samples were treated with proteinase K-detergent solution to extract the DNA. Part of each sample was spiked with M. tuberculosis to provide a semiquantitative assay and to control for the loss of mycobacteria or interference with the PCR which may cause false-negative results. One femtogram of M. tuberculosis DNA could be detected. PCR was positive for all 32 culture-positive (for M. tuberculosis) and Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN)-positive samples, 10 of 12 culture-positive and ZN-negative samples, and all 4 culture-negative and ZN-positive samples. PCR detected M. tuberculosis complex bacteria in 35 of 178 culture- and ZN-negative samples. Clinical data supported the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the majority of the 35 patients from whom those samples were obtained.
Cotinine‐assisted intervention in pregnancy to reduce smoking and low birthweight delivery (1991)

A cotinine-assisted smoking intervention programme managed from a central location as an adjunct to a maternal serum AFP screening service can, with the cooperation of physicians responsible for antenatal care, lead to a significant and cost-effective reduction in the number of low birthweight babies. This programme is inexpensive, requires little extra effort, and does not need specially trained personnel.
DAISY on our desktops? A review of LpPlayer 2.4 (2001)

As the first commercially available software for reading DAISY books on a PC, LpPlayer is an inexpensive vehicle for gaining access to the new format. For this review, several textbooks and standard literary works prepared by Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic were subjected to a broad series of searches and other study‐related tasks. Because of its ability to jump directly to a particular page or chapter beginning, LpPlayer will offer perfectly adequate DAISY access to the casual reader of novels or straightforward nonfiction.
Density inversion using joint PP/PS data: Sensitivity to the angle range (2007)

In this study, we examine the sensitivity of joint inversion of PP/PS data to different PP and PS angle ranges using the well known SVD technique in linearized PP/PS inversion. It is important to address the joint inversion problem with different PP and PS angle ranges, because in real data the noise characteristics and acquisition geometries affect the useable angle ranges for the two data types differently. This observation allows us to identify PP and PS angle ranges that contribute optimally to the inversion of shear‐wave impedance and density. We show that (a) when large enough PP or PS angle ranges are used, the band‐limited linearized inversion of Ip, Is and ρ does not require damping, even though the condition number may be larger than unity, (b) converted wave AVA data with P‐incidence angles ∼55° are required to stabilize undamped inversion, (c) when S/N is good (>0.8) as few as two PS angle stacks may suffice for joint inversion. However, for poor S/N (<0.5) additional PS angle stacks help stabilize the density inversion. (d) Large‐angle PP data (∼60°) can also achieve similar stability in density inversion, but such PP angles require acquisition and amplitude processing of unusually large offsets. PS data should be valuable in density inversion, since large angles can be acquired at much smaller offsets. Although we have specifically addressed the linearized inversion problem, our observations, which depend on the physics of AVA reflection amplitudes, are applicable to any AVA inversion technique.
Effects of strain, disorder, and Coulomb screening on free-carrier mobility in doped cadmium oxide (2021)

The interplay of stress, disorder, and Coulomb screening dictating the mobility of doped cadmium oxide (CdO) is examined using Raman spectroscopy to identify the mechanisms driving dopant incorporation and scattering within this emerging infrared optical material. Specifically, multi-wavelength Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies are combined with electrical Hall measurements on a series of yttrium (X = Y) and indium (X = In) doped X:CdO thin-films. Hall measurements confirm n-type doping and establish carrier concentrations and mobilities. Spectral fitting along the low-frequency Raman combination bands, especially the TA+TO(X) mode, reveals that the evolution of strain and disorder within the lattice as a function of dopant concentration is strongly correlated with mobility. Coupling between the electronic and lattice environments was examined through analysis of first- and second-order longitudinal–optical phonon–plasmon coupled modes that monotonically decrease in energy and asymmetrically broaden with increasing dopant concentration. By fitting these trends to an impurity-induced Fröhlich model for the Raman scattering intensity, exciton–phonon and exciton–impurity coupling factors are quantified. These coupling factors indicate a continual decrease in the amount of ionized impurity scattering with increasing dopant concentration and are not as well correlated with mobility. This shows that lattice strain and disorder are the primary determining factors for mobility in donor-doped CdO. In aggregate, the study confirms previously postulated defect equilibrium arguments for dopant incorporation in CdO while at the same time identifying paths for its further refinement.
Experimental Investigations of Laminar, Transitional to Turbulent Gas Flow in Rib-Patterned Micro-Channels (2011)

The effects of rib-patterned surfaces on laminar, transitional to turbulent gas flow in micro-channels were experimentally investigated in the present study. The experiments were performed for two micro-channels having either smooth or rib-patterned surfaces. The micro-channels were etched into silicon wafers and capped with glass substrates. The micro-ribs were patterned on the microchannel surfaces and oriented perpendicular to the flow direction. The pressure was measured at seven locations along the channel length to determine local values of Mach number and friction factor for a wide range of flow regime from laminar to turbulent flow. The friction factors with the hydraulic diameter based on the rib-to-upper-wall height were compared with that for incompressible theory on Moody chart. The values of the product of friction factor and Reynolds number (f·Re) as a function of Mach number were also compared with those of smooth micro-channels and incompressible theory.
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of 2-aryl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-1,2,3-triazol derivatives as microtubule-destabilizing agents (2017)

A series of 2-aryl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-1,2,3-triazols were designed as analogs of substituted methoxybenzoyl-aryl-thiazole (SMART) under the consideration of geometric features.
A multi‐laboratory comparison of blood dendritic cell populations (2016)

HLDA10 collated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that primarily recognised molecules on human myeloid cell and dendritic cell (DC) populations. As part of the studies, we validated a backbone of mAbs to delineate monocyte and DC populations from peripheral blood. The mAb backbone allowed identification of monocyte and DC subsets using fluorochromes that were compatible with most 'off the shelf' or routine flow cytometers. Three laboratories used this mAb backbone to assess the HLDA10 panel on blood monocytes and DCs. Each laboratory was provided with enough mAbs to perform five repeat experiments. The data were collated and analysed using Spanning-tree Progression Analysis of Density-normalised Events (SPADE). The data were interrogated for inter- and intra-laboratory variability. The results highlight the definition of DC populations using current readily available reagents. This collaborative process provides the broader scientific community with an invaluable data set that validates mAbs to leucocyte surface molecules.
Bacterial infection-mediated mucosal signalling induces local renal ischaemia as a defence against sepsis (2008)

Ascending urinary tract infections can cause extensive damage to kidney structure and function. We have used a number of advanced techniques including multiphoton microscopy to investigate the crucial early phases of uropathogenic Escherichia coli induced pyelonephritis within a living animal. Our results reveal a previously undescribed innate vascular response to mucosal infection, allowing isolation and eradication of the pathogen. The extremely rapid host response to mucosal infection was highlighted by the triggering of a cascade of events within 3-4 h. Epithelial signalling produced an increase in cellular O(2) consumption and affected microvascular flow by clotting, causing localized ischaemia. Subsequent ischaemic damage affected pathophysiology with actin re-arrangement and epithelial sloughing leading to paracellular bacterial movement. A denuded tubular basement membrane is shown to hinder immediate dissemination of bacteria, giving the host time to isolate the infection by clotting. Suppression of clotting by heparin treatment caused fatal urosepsis. Clinically these findings may be relevant in antibiotics delivery in pyelonephritis patients and to the use of anticoagulants in sepsis.
Detection of malignant melanoma with iodine-123 iodoamphetamine. (1988)

Iodoamphetamine (IMP) was shown by in vitro assay to have a high uptake by human melanotic melanoma cells, as compared to amelanotic melanoma cells. Eleven patients with proven malignant melanoma (MM) and 3 normal subjects were imaged at 2-4 hr and 16-24 hr after the i.v. injection 5 mCi (185 MBq) of [123I]IMP. One patient had a recurrent tumor that was subsequently shown to be squamous cell carcinoma. The index lesion was not visualized in the three patients with amelanotic melanomas. The index lesion/lesions were visualized in six of the seven other patients, except for 4/16 nodules in one patient. The seventh patient had a large, necrotic melanotic tumor that was not visualized, but an unsuspected lesion in the iliac nodes was detected. Multiple unsuspected lesions were detected in a second patient. While many lesions were seen at 2-4 hr, all lesions (other than a patient with small bowel disease) were seen best at 16-24 hr. No eye uptake was observed in any patient or control subject. Testicular uptake was seen in all males at 16-24 hr. Iodine-123 IMP appears to be a useful agent for the detection and follow-up of patients with melanotic MM.
Production of eicosapentaenoic acid byMortierella fungi (1988)

Abstract Mycelia of arachidonic acid‐producing fungi belonging to the genus Mortierella were found to be rich sources of 5,8,11,14,17‐cis‐eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Production of EPA by these fungi was observed only when they were grown at low temperature (6–16 C). EPA comprised 5–20% of the total extractable mycelial fatty acids in most strains tested. No significant accumulation of EPA was observed on incubation at high temperature (20–28 C), at which the other major mycelial C‐20 fatty acid, arachidonic acid, was still efficiently produced. In a study on the optimization of the culture conditions for EPA production by a selected fungi M. alpina 20–17, a medium containing glucose and yeast extract as major carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, was found to be suitable. Periodic feeding of glucose during growth of the fungus and cultivation at high temperature (20 C) during the early growth phase followed by temperature shift to 12 C were found to be effective at increasing mycelial yield and reducing cultural period, respectively. Under the optimal culture conditions, the EPA production reached 0.49 mg/ml of culture broth (29 mg/g dry mycelia). This value accounted for 13.5% of the total fatty acids in the extracted lipids. Other major fatty acids in the lipids were palmitic acid (6.0%, by weight), stearic acid (5.3), oleic acid (6.2), linoleic acid (3.0), γ‐linolenic acid (3.5) and arachidonic acid (60.0).