gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bacterial transposases and retroviral integrases (1995)

Transposable genetic elements have adopted two major strategies for their displacement from one site to another within and between genomes. One involves passage through an RNA intermediate prior to synthesis of a DNA copy while the other is limited uniquely to DNA intermediates. For both types of element, recombination reactions involved in integration are carried out by element-specific enzymes. These are called transposases in the case of DNA elements and integrases in the case of the best-characterized RNA elements, the retroviruses and retrotransposons. In spite of major differences between these two transposition strategies, one step in the process, that of insertion, appears to be chemically identical. Current evidence suggests that the similarities in integration mechanism are reflected in amino acid sequence similarities between the integrases and many transposases. These similarities are particularly marked in a region which is thought to form part of the active site, namely the DDE motif. In the light of these relationships, we attempt here to compare mechanistic aspects of retroviral integration with transposition of DNA elements and to summarize current understanding of the functional organization of integrases and transposases.
Sublethal Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation Alters Hippocampal Neuronal AMPA Receptor Expression and Vulnerability to Kainate-Induced Death (1997)

Recent studies have suggested that rats subjected to transient global brain ischemia develop depressed expression of GluR-B in CA1 hippocampal neurons. The present study was performed to determine whether a similar change in AMPA receptor expression could be triggered in vitro by sublethal oxygen-glucose deprivation in rat hippocampal neuronal cultures. mRNA was extracted from individual hippocampal neurons via patch electrodes and amplified by RT-PCR 24-48 hr after sublethal oxygen-glucose deprivation. Compared with controls, insulted neurons expressed increased levels of GluR-D flop. As an indication that this change in receptor expression was functionally significant, insulted cultures exhibited increased AMPA- or kainate-induced 45Ca2+ accumulation sensitive to Joro spider toxin and increased vulnerability to kainate-induced death. These data support the hypothesis that exposure to ischemia may enhance subsequent hippocampal neuronal vulnerability to AMPA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity by modifying the relative expression of AMPA receptor subunits in a manner that promotes Ca2+ permeability.
In frame fibrillin-1 gene deletion in autosomal dominant Weill-Marchesani syndrome: Figure 1 (2003)

Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a connective tissue disorder characterised by short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and characteristic eye anomalies including microspherophakia, ectopia of the lenses, severe myopia, and glaucoma. Both autosomal recessive (AR) and autosomal dominant (AD) modes of inheritance have been described and a gene for AR WMS has recently been mapped to chromosome 19p13.3-p13.2. Here, we report on the exclusion of chromosome 19p13.3-p13.2 in a large AD WMS family and show that, despite clinical homogeneity, AD and AR WMS are genetically heterogeneous entities. Because two AD WMS families were consistent with linkage to chromosome 15q21.1, the fibrillin-1 gene was sequenced and a 24 nt in frame deletion within a latent transforming growth factor-beta1 binding protein (LTBP) motif of the fibrillin-1 gene was found in a AD WMS family (exon 41, 5074_5097del). This in frame deletion cosegregated with the disease and was not found in 186 controls. This study strongly suggests that AD WMS and Marfan syndrome are allelic conditions at the fibrillin-1 locus and adds to the remarkable clinical heterogeneity of type I fibrillinopathies.
Electrochemical intermediate species and reaction pathway in H2 oxidation on solid electrolytes (2012)

We use spatially resolved photoelectron spectroscopy performed in operando to identify the reaction intermediates of the hydrogen electro-oxidation reaction on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes with Pt electrodes. We find that hydroxyl on the zirconia electrolyte is a reaction intermediate in the hydrogen oxidation reaction and that it participates in the rate-determining step. In contrast to the general wisdom, the limiting step does not involve the transfer of charge. These results allow us to propose the detailed reaction pathway, which provides direct insight into how to accelerate the kinetics.
On the formula for the upper limit of photovoltaic solar energy conversion efficiency (1982)

The formula for the maximum efficiency of photovoltaic energy conversion in tandem solar cells is discussed. This formula is obtained by the use of a thermodynamically founded diode I-V characteristic, and is compared to a previously published formula which was based on the classical diode I-V characteristic within the framework of the theory of Shockley and Queisser (1961). Series expansions of the complicated efficiency formula are presented. They enable an easy and accurate computation of the maximum efficiency and provide more insight in the basic limit of the photovoltaic effect.
Controlling a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Using a State-Space Model (2007)

We derive nonlinear and linear state-space control models for a multichannel semiconductor optical amplifier. Verified against the governing partial differential equations through simulation, the linear model tracks modulations up to 20% qualitatively well. Linear feedback control is then employed to design two interchannel crosstalk suppressing systems, one using state feedback into the electronic drive current and the other using optical output feedback into an optical control channel; the controller designed with the linear model is seen to work well even with 100% modulations of the nonlinear system. This linear state-space model opens the way for further robust analysis, design and control of integrated active photonic circuits
Intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy of ureteral and renal calculi using small caliber (1.9F) electrohydraulic lithotripsy probes. (1996)

The development of 1.9F or smaller electrohydraulic lithotripsy probes provides the urologist with a safe, highly effective and inexpensive method for performing intracorporeal lithotripsy throughout the entire upper urinary tract via rigid or flexible ureteroscopes. Furthermore, for the ureteroscopic treatment of lower pole renal calculi electrohydraulic lithotripsy is the only form of intracorporeal lithotripsy sufficiently malleable to allow routine access.
Genomic profiling of fungal cell wall-interfering compounds: identification of a common gene signature (2015)

This work provides a global perspective about the mechanisms involved in cell wall stress adaptive responses and the cellular functions required for cell wall integrity. The results may be useful to uncover new potential antifungal targets and develop efficient antifungal strategies by combination of two drugs, one targeting the cell wall and the other interfering with the adaptive mechanisms.
High field parahydrogen induced polarization of succinate and phospholactate (2021)

The signal enhancement provided by the hyperpolarization of nuclear spins of metabolites is a promising technique for diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To date, most 13C-contrast agents are hyperpolarized utilizing a complex or cost-intensive polarizer. Recently, the in situ parahydrogen-induced 13C hyperpolarization was demonstrated. Hydrogenation, spin order transfer (SOT) by a pulsed NMR sequence, in vivo administration, and detection was achieved within the magnet bore of a 7 Tesla MRI system. So far, the hyperpolarization of the xenobiotic molecule 1-13C-hydroxyethylpropionate (HEP) and the biomolecule 1-13C-succinate (SUC) through the PH-INEPT+ sequence and a SOT scheme proposed by Goldman et al., respectively, was shown. Here, we investigate further the hyperpolarization of SUC at 7 Tesla and study the performance of two additional SOT sequences. Moreover, we present first results of the hyperpolarization at high magnetic field of 1-13C-phospholactate (PLAC), a derivate to obtain the metabolite lactate, employing the PH-INEPT+ sequence. For SUC and PLAC, 13C polarizations of about 1-2% were achieved within seconds and with minimal equipment. Effects that potentially may explain loss of 13C polarization have been identified, i.e. low hydrogenation yield, fast T1/T2 relaxation and the rarely considered 13C isotope labeling effect.
Organoleptic effect in sugar structures (1970)

Abstract Shallenberger's sweetness hypothesis is discussed and a new method for assessing its validity is offered by organoleptic examination of glycosidic structures. In particular the stable symmetrical disaccharide, a, a ‐trehalose presents an ideal model for these studies. An attempt to locate that part of the molecule which is specifically responsible for the sweet taste of sugars implicates the hydroxyl group on carbon atom No. 4 of pyranosides as playing an important role.
Analysis and Strategy for Superharmonics With Semiactive Suspension Control Systems (2007)

This paper focuses on an experimental implementation of a semiactive seat suspension using magnetorheological (MR) dampers. We first introduce the nonlinear dynamics phenomena induced by skyhook control. Skyhook control has been widely applied to applications ranging from structural vibration suppression to commercialized vehicle suspensions. Unfortunately, skyhook control generates superharmonic dynamics; yet, this issue has not been clearly addressed in such vibration control systems. This paper will attempt to explain how superharmonics are created with skyhook controls through analysis of test data. Furthermore, a nonlinear model-based adaptive control algorithm is developed and evaluated for reducing the negative impact of the superharmonics. Based on an empirical MR damper model, the adaptive algorithm is expanded mathematically, and the system stability is discussed. Then in the following sections, this paper describes implementation procedures such as modeling simplification and validation, and testing results. Through the laboratory testing, the adaptive suspension is compared to two passive suspensions: hard-damping (stiff) suspension with a maximum current of 1A to the MR damper and low-damping (soft) suspension with a low current of 0A, while broadband random excitations are applied with respect to the seat suspension resonant frequency in order to test the adaptability of the adaptive control. In two separate studies, both mass and spring rate are assumed known and unknown in order to investigate the capability of the adaptive algorithm with the simplified model. Finally, the comparison of test results is presented to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed adaptive algorithm to eliminate the superharmonics from the MR seat suspension response.
Transient fields of a current loop source above a layered earth (1982)

Abstract The electric field induced within four layered models by a repetitive current wave form in a circular loop transmitter is presented along with the resulting magnetic fields observed on the surface. The behavior of the induced electric field as a function of time explains the observed sign reversal of the vertical magnetic field on the surface. In addition, the differences between magnetic field responses for different models are explained by the behavior of the induced electric fields. The pattern of the induced electric field is shown to be that of a single “smoke ring,” as described by Nabighian (1979), which is distorted by layering but which remains a single ring system rather than forming separate smoke rings in each layer.
Specifics of Daimler's new SCR system (BLUETEC) in the Diesel Sprinter Van - Certified for NAFTA 2010 (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Beginning in 2010, Daimler's well-known Diesel Sprinter van has to fulfill the new and clearly tighter NOx emission standards of NAFTA10 (EPA, CARB). This requires an integrated approach of further engine optimizations and the implementation of an innovative exhaust aftertreatment technology. The goal was to develop an overall concept which meets simultaneously the tightened emission standards (including OBD limits) and the increasing customer demands of more power and torque without losing the high fuel efficiency of the small and highly efficient 3-liter V6 diesel engine OM642, which already has been installed in the NAFTA07 Sprinter.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In the early stages of the concept phase, the most appropriate NOx aftertreatment technology and certification form (engine or vehicle) had to be selected for this specific vehicle class in the van segment with enhanced requirements to durability, economical efficiency and specific driving behavior. The implementation of Daimler's BLUETEC SCR system combined with a vehicle certification reveals the best way to meet the multilayer requirements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Due to the usage of a small passenger car derived but highly efficient diesel engine (OM642), the adoption of passenger car derived SCR components (AdBlue® dosing valve, tank and dosing system) was more appropriate as our heavy duty derived components. The following SAE paper illustrates the implementation of the SCR system (BLUETEC) into the Diesel Sprinter van in detail. Main investigation areas are the adaption and optimization of the exhaust gas system including catalyst coating and the AdBlue\sr dosing system, specifics of the operation strategy and the overall balancing of engine and exhaust system optimization to meet the van specific requirements and the customer demands for more power, torque and fuel efficiency.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The result is an attractive and unique powertrain concept for vans in North America. The new NAFTA10 Diesel Sprinter offers now higher power (188 hp) and torque (325 ft-lb) at even improved fuel efficiency (24.7 mpg) and significant lower NOx emissions (up to 90%) compared to its predecessor. Consequently, Daimler developed a clean, environmental-friendly and economical highly efficient sustainable solution for future transportation in the van segment of North America. Beginning in 2010, Daimler is going to sell the NAFTA10 Sprinter generation additionally as Mercedes-Benz vehicle in USA (all 50 states) and Canada, besides the well known branding as Freightliner.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Epithelial anion secretion of human bronchial ciliary epithelium (2020)

<b>Background:</b> Airway epithelia play key roles in maintaining the volume and composition of airway surface liquid by regulating trans-epithelial ion transport. However, little information is available on ion transport in upper airway epithelia. <b>Objectives:</b> To clarify the anion transport such as Cl<sup>-</sup>and HCO3<sup>-</sup>in human bronchial ciliary epithelium cells. <b>Methods:</b> Airway cells were collected by brushing bronchus during bronchoscopy, after purification of progenitor cells, air liquid interface cultured and induced differentiation into ciliated cells. Trans-epithelial ion transport of airway epithelia was analyzed measuring the short circuit current (Isc) and surface pH using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy <b>Results:</b> In human bronchial ciliary epithelia, the amount of anion secretion was equal to that of Na+absorption. To focus on the anion transport, experiments were carried out under a condition of blocking Na<sup>+</sup>absorption by benzamil. Under a Cl<sup>-</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing condition, the basolateral addition of DIDS, a blocker of anion exchanger, Na<sup>+</sup>/bicarbonate cotransporters and Cl<sup>-</sup> channels, decreased Isc. Under a Cl<sup>-</sup>-free HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing condition, Isc was smaller than that under a Cl<sup>-</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing condition. Finally, under a HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-free Cl<sup>-</sup>-containing condition, Isc was smaller than that under a Cl<sup>-</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing condition and similar to that under a Cl<sup>-</sup>-free HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing condition. Apical surface pH showed a decreasing trend after addition of DIDS, NPPB, and a Cl<sup>-</sup>-free HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-containing solution. <b>Conclusion:</b> Human bronchial ciliary cells secrete not only Cl<sup>-</sup>but also HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>via cooperationbetween Cl<sup>-</sup> channel and anion exchanger, contributing to control of the volume and composition of airway surface liquid.
"Business as usual" in the industrial age: (relatively) lean, green and eco-efficient? (2007)

"This paper discusses the creation of wealth from polluting waste in market economies before the birth of the modern environmental movement. The first section surveys some early English-language writings on the topic, with particular emphasis on books and monographs that have recently been made accessible online. The remainder of the essay describes historical cases of resource recovery that might be somewhat surprising to modern readers, illustrating in the process that economic profitability and pollution reduction have typically been far more compatible than is now believed."
Laser-pulsed photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate: the effect of repetition rate (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser-pulsed photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate: the effect of repetition rateCharles E. Hoyle, M. A. Trapp, C. H. Chang, D. D. Latham, and Kevin W. McLaughlinCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 10, 3866–3871Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00200a008Request reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (727 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A hierarchical cellular system with reneging and dropping for waiting new and handoff calls (2002)

We analyze a hierarchical cellular system with an overflow scheme and finite queues for new and handoff calls. The effect of the guard channel scheme and the effects due to reneging of waiting new calls because of the caller's impatience and dropping of queued handoff call as the callers move out of the handoff area are considered. We successfully solve the system by adopting the multi-dimensional Markovian chain and use the transition-probability matrix and the signal-flow graph to obtain the average new-call blocking probability, the forced termination probability, and the average waiting time of queued new and handoff calls. We further investigate how the guard channel scheme and buffer provision scheme affect the hierarchical cellular system. The results show that it seems unnecessary to provide a guard channel and waiting buffer for microcells in the hierarchical cellular system with an overflow mechanism.
Trans-jacket inscription of robust FBG sensors for directional and distributed strain measurement (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. Boilard, S. Morency, Y. Messaddeq, R. Fortier, F. Trépanier, and M. Bernier, "Trans-jacket inscription of robust FBG sensors for directional and distributed strain measurement," in Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress (ES, FTS, HISE, Sensors), OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper STh4A.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Fabrication and characterization of contiguous permanent magnet junctions (1998)

This paper addresses several important issues concerning contiguous permanent magnet biased magneto-resistive sensors. A fabrication process utilizing isotropically etched silicon nitride for lift-off is described, and the optimization of the permanent magnet materials is presented. From the study of resistance vs. trackwidth and sensor height, a component of the resistance inversely proportional to the sensor height is identified. The effective longitudinal bias field is found to decrease with increasing trackwidth.
The Preparation of Polyvinylamine, Polyvinylamine Salts, and Related Nitrogenous Resins (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Polyvinylamine, Polyvinylamine Salts, and Related Nitrogenous ResinsD. D. Reynolds and W. O. KenyonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 4, 911–915Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01196a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01196a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1003Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts