gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity and dynamics of bacterial communities in early life stages of the Caribbean coral Porites astreoides (2011)

In this study, we examine microbial communities of early developmental stages of the coral Porites astreoides by sequence analysis of cloned 16S rRNA genes, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) imaging. Bacteria are associated with the ectoderm layer in newly released planula larvae, in 4-day-old planulae, and on the newly forming mesenteries surrounding developing septa in juvenile polyps after settlement. Roseobacter clade-associated (RCA) bacteria and Marinobacter sp. are consistently detected in specimens of P. astreoides spanning three early developmental stages, two locations in the Caribbean and 3 years of collection. Multi-response permutation procedures analysis on the TRFLP results do not support significant variation in the bacterial communities associated with P. astreoides larvae across collection location, collection year or developmental stage. The results are the first evidence of vertical transmission (from parent to offspring) of bacteria in corals. The results also show that at least two groups of bacterial taxa, the RCA bacteria and Marinobacter, are consistently associated with juvenile P. astreoides against a complex background of microbial associations, indicating that some components of the microbial community are long-term associates of the corals and may impact host health and survival.
Compressed‐sensing motion compensation (CosMo): A joint prospective–retrospective respiratory navigator for coronary MRI (2011)

Prospective right hemidiaphragm navigator (NAV) is commonly used in free-breathing coronary MRI. The NAV results in an increase in acquisition time to allow for resampling of the motion-corrupted k-space data. In this study, we are presenting a joint prospective-retrospective NAV motion compensation algorithm called compressed-sensing motion compensation (CosMo). The inner k-space region is acquired using a prospective NAV; for the outer k-space, a NAV is only used to reject the motion-corrupted data without reacquiring them. Subsequently, those unfilled k-space lines are retrospectively estimated using compressed sensing reconstruction. We imaged right coronary artery in nine healthy adult subjects. An undersampling probability map and sidelobe-to-peak ratio were calculated to study the pattern of undersampling, generated by NAV. Right coronary artery images were then retrospectively reconstructed using compressed-sensing motion compensation for gating windows between 3 and 10 mm and compared with the ones fully acquired within the gating windows. Qualitative imaging score and quantitative vessel sharpness were calculated for each reconstruction. The probability map and sidelobe-to-peak ratio show that the NAV generates a random undersampling k-space pattern. There were no statistically significant differences between the vessel sharpness and subjective score of the two reconstructions. Compressed-sensing motion compensation could be an alternative motion compensation technique for free-breathing coronary MRI that can be used to reduce scan time.
MiTV: rethinking interactive TV (2002)

After studying what is being developed in the interactive TV (iTV) field, we wanted to point out what we consider bad interface design and terrible interaction choices that the industry is currently on its way to make. In this paper, we propose new, more natural and more "interactive", approaches for iTV applications. And since we have already implemented most of them using our own distributed architecture, we'll go through some concrete examples. The next big step is to conduct some user studies with these applications on "real" people.
On the benefits of leaf merging in quad-tree motion models (2005)

In the field of image coding, it has recently been shown that quad-tree schemes for representing geometric image features are unable to obtain the optimal exponentially decaying rate-distortion behaviour - a problem which can be rectified by following R-D optimal tree pruning with a leaf merging step. Inspired by such results, we note that quad-tree based motion representations for video compression suffer from the same fundamental shortcomings, which can again be overcome by leaf merging. Based on these observations, we describe a non-iterative low complexity extension to the existing motion model used by H.264, demonstrating significant improvements in overall compression performance. At low to moderate bit-rates, our experimental implementation yields reductions of 10% or more in overall bit-rate, relative to H.264. Perhaps more importantly, this paper reinforces the importance of leaf merging as a general tool for quad-tree based modeling schemes.
Retinal vascular tree morphology: a semi-automatic quantification (2002)

A semi-automatic method to measure and quantify geometrical and topological properties of continuous vascular trees in clinical fundus images is described. Measurements are made from binary images obtained with a previously described segmentation process. The skeletons of the segmented trees are produced by thinning,ff branch and crossing points are identified and segments of the trees are labeled and stored as a chain code. The operator selects a tree to be measured and decides if it is an arterial or venous tree. An automatic process then measures the lengths, areas and angles of the individual segments of the tree. Geometrical data and the connectivity information between branches from continuous retinal vessel trees are tabulated. A number of geometrical properties and topological indexes are derived. Vessel diameters and branching angles are validated against manual measurements and several derived geometrical and topological properties are extracted from red-free fundus images of ten normotensive and ten age- and sex-matched hypertensive subjects and compared with previously reported results.
Fibrinogen deficiency suppresses the development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy (2017)

These data demonstrate that fibrinogen deficiency directly attenuates development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy. Fibrinogen could be a novel target in treating intestinal damage.
Targeted and Stimulus-Responsive Delivery of Surfactant to the Oil–Water Interface for Applications in Oil Spill Remediation (2019)

The use of chemical dispersants is a well-established approach to oil spill remediation where surfactants in an appropriate solvent are contacted with the oil to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension and create small oil droplets capable of being sustained in the water column. Dispersant formulations typically include organic solvents, and to minimize environmental impacts of dispersant use and avoid surfactant wastage it is beneficial to use water-based systems and target the oil-water interface. The approach here involves the tubular clay minerals known as halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) that serve as nanosized reservoir for surfactants. Such particles generate Pickering emulsions with oil, and the release of surfactant reduces the interfacial tension to extremely low values allowing small droplets to be formed that are colloidally stable in the water column. We report new findings on engineering the surfactant-loaded halloysite nanotubes to be stimuli responsive such that the release of surfactant is triggered by contact with oil. This is achieved by forming a thin coating of wax to stopper the nanotubes to prevent the premature release of surfactant. Surfactant release only occurs when the wax dissolves upon contact with oil. The system thus represents an environmentally benign approach where the wax coated HNTs are dispersed in an aqueous solvent and delivered to an oil spill whereupon they release surfactant to the oil-water interface upon contact with oil.
A Fault Diagnosis Model and its Application in Chiller Operating (2013)

The chiller performance decrease with the system operating is inevitable, however, determining how to predict when it will happen, and how to identity the degree of performance decline, it is very important to solve these actual problems for chiller high efficiency operating and daily management. This paper developed a fault diagnosis model based on thermodynamic analysis of chiller’s refrigeration cycle and heat transfer analysis of its heat exchangers, taking three projects which involve different source sinks, namely, air source, ground source and reclaimed water source as cases study, described the fault diagnosis method and implementation steps through these engineering cases, the results show that the fault diagnosis model provides a newly simple and effective approach for chiller operation monitoring.
Endothelin-1 production and decreased endothelin B receptor expression in advanced prostate cancer. (1996)

The potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) is at its highest concentration in the normal human ejaculate and is associated with the progression of metastatic prostate cancer. ET-1 protein expression is detected in situ in 14 of 14 primary cancers and 14 of 16 metastatic sites of human prostatic carcinoma. Exogenous ET-1 induces prostate cancer proliferation directly and enhances the mitogenic effects of insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor II, platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor in serum-free conditions in vitro. The ETA-selective receptor antagonist A-127722 inhibits ET-1-stimulated growth, but the ETB-selective receptor antagonist BQ-788 does not. ET-3, an ETB-selective agonist, also had no effect on prostate cancer growth. No specific ETB-binding sites could be demonstrated in any established human prostate cancer cell line tested, and ETB mRNA, detected by reverse transcription PCR, was reduced. The predominance of ETB binding on human benign prostatic epithelial tissue is not present in metastatic prostate cancer by autoradiography. In human prostate cancer progression to metastases, ET-1 and ETA expression are retained, whereas ETB receptor expression is reduced.
Lateral Stability Control Based on Active Motor Torque Control for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles (2015)

This paper describes a method for lateral stability control of electric and hybrid vehicles utilizing multiple electric motors connected to independent wheels of the vehicle. Independent motor torque control based on LQR and PID are used to generate positive drive and negative brake torques for imposing an aligning moment around the yaw axis resulting in the lateral stability functionality. The developed algorithms were implemented and performance tested in Matlab-Simulink environment and the dynamic performance characteristics were reported with numerical simulation results.
Multiperiod network design with incremental routing (2007)

Abstract In this paper, we study a special case of multiperiod network design (MPND) problems, multiperiod network design with incremental routing (MPNDI), as applied to the transmission layer of an optical network. We optimize simultaneously the network architecture and the link dimensioning under discrete cost functions in order to route all traffic demands in line with traffic growth over a discrete time horizon. Because of operational requirements, routing paths used at a given period to route some traffic demands have to be preserved over subsequent periods; this is called incremental routing with respect to incremental flow. To handle the high dimensionality, a compact formulation omitting explicitly written flow variables is given. We examine the dominant polyhedron of the incremental multicommodity flow and provide a polyhedral study of it. Finally, a solution approach taking advantage of the polyhedral structure of MPNDI is proposed, and computational results for a range of instances with 8 and 10 nodes are provided. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 50(1), 109–117 2007
A unifying link abstraction for wireless sensor networks (2005)

Recent technological advances and the continuing quest for greater efficiency have led to an explosion of link and network protocols for wireless sensor networks. These protocols embody very different assumptions about network stack composition and, as such, have limited interoperability. It has been suggested [3] that, in principle, wireless sensor networks would benefit from a unifying abstraction (or "narrow waist" in architectural terms), and that this abstraction should be closer to the link level than the network level. This paper takes that vague principle and turns it into practice, by proposing a specific unifying sensornet protocol (SP) that provides shared neighbor management and a message pool.The two goals of a unifying abstraction are generality and efficiency: it should be capable of running over a broad range of link-layer technologies and supporting a wide variety of network protocols, and doing so should not lead to a significant loss of efficiency. To investigate the extent to which SP meets these goals, we implemented SP (in TinyOS) on top of two very different radio technologies: B-MAC on mica2 and IEEE 802.15.4 on Telos. We also built a variety of network protocols on SP, including examples of collection routing [53], dissemination [26], and aggregation [33]. Measurements show that these protocols do not sacrifice performance through the use of our SP abstraction.
Selective generation of Lamb wave modes and their propagation characteristics in defective composite laminates (2004)

Techniques for the generation of Lamb waves with purpose of non-destructive inspection (NDI) were briefly reviewed. An active excitation control circuit was designed and instrumented with an online damage diagnosis system, by which the desired fundamental symmetric Lamb mode, shear mode and antisymmetric mode can be selectively stimulated. A signal processing and identification algorithm in the time-scale domain, using spectrographic analyses based on the wavelet transform technique, was developed to assist the wave signal interpretation. The proposed excitation methodology was applied to the study of the dispersion and propagation characteristics of Lamb waves in quasi-isotropic CF/EP composite laminates with delamination. For validation, numerical simulations were conducted in parallel with experimental investigations.
Highly water soluble multi-layer graphene nanoribbons and related honey-comb carbon nanostructures (2012)

Multi-layer graphene nanoribbons have been made highly water soluble (4.7 mg ml(-1)) and stable for the first time by repetitious derivatization with p-carboxyphenyldiazonium salt; similarly, single-walled carbon nanotubes (4.8 mg ml(-1)) and ultra-short carbon nanotubes (50 mg ml(-1)) can also be made highly soluble by the methodology.
Ammonia Optical Sensing by Microring Resonators (2007)

A very compact (device area around 40 μm²) optical ammonia sensor based on amicroring resonator is presented in this work. Silicon-on-insulator technology is used insensor design and a dye doped polymer is adopted as sensing material. The sensor exhibitsa very good linearity and a minimum detectable refractive index shift of sensing materialas low as 8x10<sup>-5</sup>, with a detection limit around 4 ‰.
Optical Interconnect Architectures for Datacenters (2018)

This paper highlights the challenges faced by the current datacenter networks, where using photonic technology offers a numbers of obvious advantages. Some existing optical intra-datacenter network architectures will be presented along with new ideas allowing for reduction of energy consumption and required spectrum resources.
Synthesis and studies of novel homoveratryl based thiohydantoins as antibacterial as well as anti-HIV agents (2006)

N,N'-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenylethyl)-5-(arylidene)-2-thiohydantoins 3a-j have been prepared by condensation of 1,3-diaryl-2-thiohydantoin 2 with various aromatic aldehydes. The compound 2 has been prepared by the reaction of N,N'-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenylethyl)thiourea 1 with chloroaceticacid. The compounds have been tested for their antibacterial and anti-HIV activities against different microorganisms. The structures of novel synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of elemental analyses, 'H NMR, IR and mass spectral data.
In-Camera Automation of Photographic Composition Rules (2007)

At the time of image acquisition, professional photographers apply many rules of thumb to improve the composition of their photographs. This paper develops a joint optical-digital processing framework for automating composition rules during image acquisition for photographs with one main subject. Within the framework, we automate three photographic composition rules: repositioning the main subject, making the main subject more prominent, and making objects that merge with the main subject less prominent. The idea is to provide to the user alternate pictures obtained by applying photographic composition rules in addition to the original picture taken by the user. The proposed algorithms do not depend on prior knowledge of the indoor/outdoor setting or scene content. The proposed algorithms are also designed to be amenable to software implementation on fixed-point programmable digital signal processors available in digital still cameras.
DARWIN: CMOS opamp Synthesis by means of a Genetic Algorithm (2009)

<P>DARWIN is a tool that is able to synthesize CMOS opamps, on the basis of a genetic algorithm. A randomly generated initial set of opamps evolves to a set in which the topologies as well as the transistor sizes of the opamps are adapted to the required performance specifications. Several design examples illustrate the behavior of DARWIN.</P>
Alkylation of heme by the antimalarial drug artemisinin (2002)

The peroxide function of artemisinin has been activated by iron(II)-heme generated in situ from iron(III)-protoporphyrin-IX and glutathione, a biologically relevant reductant. In mild conditions, this reaction produced a high yield (85%) of heme derivatives alkylated at alpha-, beta-, and delta-meso positions by a C4-centered radical derived from artemisinin.
Human Glucocorticoid Receptor α Gene (NR3C1) Pharmacogenomics: Gene Resequencing and Functional Genomics (2009)

These results represent a step toward understanding the functional role of common sequence variation in the GRalpha gene (NR3C1) and the potential application of those SNPs in translational studies.
Approximate mean value analysis algorithms for queuing networks (1990)

This paper is concerned with the properties of nonlinear equations associated with the Scheweitzer-Bard (S-B) approximate mean value analysis (MVA) heuristic for closed product-form queuing networks. Three forms of nonlinear S-B approximate MVA equations in multiclass networks are distinguished: Schweitzer, minimal, and the nearly decoupled forms. The approximate MVA equations have enabled us to: (a) derive bounds on the approximate throughput; (b) prove the existence and uniqueness of the S-B throughput solution, and the convergence of the S-B approximation algorithm for a wide class of monotonic, single-class networks; (c) establish the existence of the S-B solution for multiclass, monotonic networks; and (d) prove the asymptotic (i.e., as the number of customers of each class tends to ∞) uniqueness of the S-B throughput solution, and (e) the convergence of the gradient projection and the primal-dual algorithms to solve the asymptotic versions of the minimal, the Schweitzer, and the nearly decoupled forms of MVA equations for multiclass networks with single server and infinite server nodes. The convergence is established by showing that the approximate MVA equations are the gradient vector of a convex function, and by using results from convex programming and the convex duality theory.
A CDMA-based radio access design for UMTS (1995)

The major challenge for the CODIT (code division testbed) project is to design a concept that can support a range of new services with a bit range of up to 2 Mb/s. The concept must be flexible enough to meet the requirements of future services envisioned for UMTS. The required task of the project is to investigate a concept based on spread spectrum techniques. The system that is being developed in the project is based on direct sequence CDMA. New innovative techniques are being developed in the project, where the solutions go far beyond the CDMA concepts proposed for second generation systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
MODE OF COORDINATION AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY OF ∝-IMINE HYDRAZONE LIGANDS (1980)

Abstract Interaction of nickel(I1) and copper(I1) complexes of 4,9-dimethy1-5,8-diazadodeca-4,8diene-2,1 ldione, Ni(baen) and 4,6,9-trimethyl-5, 8diazadodeca-4,8-diene-2,ll-dione, Ni(bapn), with arene diazonium chlorides in buffered solutions of methanol yielded metal derivatives of glyoxaliminearylhydrazones. This typical electrophilic addition at the 3-carbon of the complex occurs owing to the pseudo aromatic behaviour of the chelate ring. A mechanism which predicts the attack of the diazonium cation through the coordination shell of the metal is well documented from the available experimental evidences. The chemical reactivity of a few complexes with a single residual non-substituted y-carbon is reasonably manifested by their reaction with phenyl isocyanate.
Production of silver conductive paths by laser processing (2012)

More and more electronic applications need conductive paths on different substrates. One approach to apply these structures is by wet-chemical coating processes which have been proven to be a powerful tool for producing functional layers. Printing techniques such as inkjet show great potential due to resource-efficient, flexible and inexpensive application of structures. This is particularly challenging as the necessary thermal treatment of the films often requires temperatures that exceed the temperature stability of the substrate. By using laser treatment to substitute the oven process Fraunhofer ILT is able to overcome those drawbacks and create silver conductive paths out of nanoparticulate solutions on inexpensive but highly temperature sensitive PET foil. The achievable high heating and cooling rates allow the required film temperatures to be reached without damaging the temperature-sensitive substrate. Drying, sintering and even partial melting of the nanoparticulate layers have been achieved by using laser radiation. Partial melting of the layer increases the conductivity dramatically and can reach conductivity of more than 50% of the bulk material.