gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
S0227 Patient Factors Affecting Cecal Intubation Time During Colonoscopies Preformed by Gastrointestinal Fellows (2020)

INTRODUCTION: Performing a colonoscopy does not come without challenges. Certain patient-related factors can cause prolonged cecal intubation times, leading to hyper-insufflation, discomfort and a looped colonoscope. One prospective study found that older age, female gender, and higher BMI were among the patient factors known to cause prolonged cecal intubation time (CIT). However, these studies only examined colonoscopies performed by experienced endoscopists. In this retrospective study, we collected data on gastrointestinal (GI) fellows performing colonoscopies and investigated the effect of patient BMI, height, weight, age, and gender on CIT. METHODS: A Retrospective review of 795 patients undergoing colonoscopy at an urban university hospital were analyzed. Demographic data, colonoscopy time points including CIT and GI fellow training year were collected. CIT was calculated by subtracting the time of scope insertion and time the cecum was reached. Continuous variables were summarized using median values and interquartile ranges (IQR), and categorical variables were summarized using frequencies and percentages. A linear model was used to compare BMI to CIT. Simple linear regression and T-tests were used to look at other associations. RESULTS: For our patient population, median age was 58 years, 396 (49.8%) were male, 368 (46.3%) Caucasian, and 386 (48.6%) African American. There were 15 performing fellows, ranging from first year (F1) to third year (F3) of training. Age, BMI, gender, and GI training year had a significant association on CIT (P = 0.03, P = 0.005, P = 0.008, P = <0.0001, respectively). With every 10-year increase in age, the CIT is expected to increase by 5.8%. For a five-unit increase in patient’s BMI, the CIT is expected to decrease by 3.2%. Female patients are expected to be a 13.7% higher CIT when compared to male. When compared to the F1s (12.65 8.13), the CIT is expected to be 31.6% lower for F2s (8.87 6.25) and 37.2% lower for F3s (8.36 7.39). CONCLUSION: Despite conflicting results of earlier similar studies done on attending physicians, our study shows that patients with higher BMI had a decrease in CIT irrespective of GI fellow training year. As hypothesized, an increase in a patients’ age, and female gender had an increase in CIT. Limitations of this study were retrospective analysis and number of GI fellows. The results of our study may have future implications in the efficiency of scheduling colonoscopies performed by GI fellows in training programs.
Rapid organoid development, drug screening, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response prediction for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. (2020)

543 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UCCx) is the standard of care though the absolute survival benefit is small, and some patients progress during chemotherapy. While progress has been made in the prediction of sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapies, providing more accurate, personalized, and clinically-relevant chemotherapy response prediction is an unmet need. We present our early and ongoing experience with rapid, organoid-based drug-screening. Methods: one gram of tumor was procured from patients undergoing TURBT or RC and divided between DNA/RNA sequencing, organoid drug-screening, and patient-derived xenografts. Tissue was dissociated, filtered, and resuspended in organoid media for serial passage and drug screening. Drugs were tested at “Cmax” concentration, which is the maximum plasma concentration in human trials so as to provide physiologic relevance. Results were normalized to control such that a value of 100 indicated no drug effect compared to control, and a value of 0 indicated complete response. Number of drugs screened was dependent upon tissue available, but was often 20-30. Results: 25 patients have undergone rapid organoid development and drug testing to date. Clinical correlations with chemotherapy response are ongoing. Drug response analyses were available 5-10 days following procedure. Select drug response data from the 9 most recent patient organoid samples are presented in the Table. DNA and RNA sequencing and PDX models are in progress. Conclusions: This platform allows for the rapid determination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and may further guide selection of therapeutic agents in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer.[Table: see text]
Performance analysis using the MIPS R10000 performance counters (1996)

Tuning supercomputer application performance often requires analyzing the interaction of the application and the underlying architecture. In this paper, we describe support in the MIPS R10000 for non-intrusively monitoring a variety of processor events - support that is particularly useful for characterizing the dynamic behavior of multi-level memory hierarchies, hardware-based cache coherence, and speculative execution. We first explain how performance data is collected using an integrated set of hardware mechanisms, operating system abstractions, and performance tools. We then describe several examples drawn from scientific applications, which illustrate how the counters and profiling tools provide information that helps developers analyze and tune applications.
Author Correction: A population-specific reference panel empowers genetic studies of Anabaptist populations (2018)

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Cloning and Expression of the Gene for the Melanoma-Associated ME20 Antigen (1994)

Human melanoma cells, but not tumor cells of other histological origin, express a unique membrane-associated glycoprotein, designated ME20-M, and secrete a soluble glycoprotein, designated ME20-S, defined by monoclonal antibody ME20. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone that when transfected into COS cells directs the expression of ME20-M and ME20-S. This cDNA contains an open reading frame which encodes a 661-amino-acid-long precursor that contains a 23-amino-acid signal peptide and a 26-amino-acid transmembrane domain, separated by a hydrophilic region containing 5 potential Asn-linked and 14 predicted Pro-associated, Thr-linked glycosylation sites. The transmembrane domain is followed by a carboxy-terminal 45-amino-acid putative intracellular domain rich in Ser residues. Analysis of ME20-M by amino acid sequencing identified the proteolytic processing site. Signal peptide cleavage occurs at the Thr-24-Lys-25 peptide bond of the precursor and results in the 637-amino-acid ME20-M with a calculated molecular weight of 67,782. ME20-M is derived from a single 3.3- to 3.4-kb mRNA transcript that is expressed at varying levels in melanoma cell lines, correlating with immunofluorescence determination of protein expression. The amino acid sequence of the ME20 antigen deduced from the cDNA differs from the human neonatal melanocyte-specific Pmel 17 gene product by a single amino acid substitution and deletion of 7 amino acid residues, and it is 80% homologous with the bovine retinal pigment RPE1 cDNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Impact of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes on Ventilatory Control in the Mouse (2001)

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can lead to ventilatory depression and decreased sensitivity to hypercapnia. We examined relationships between ventilation, plasma insulin, leptin, ketones, and blood glucose levels in two mouse models of IDDM: (1) streptozotocin-induced diabetes in C57BL/6J mice on a regular diet or with induced obesity from a high fat diet; and (2) spontaneous diabetes mellitus in NOD-Ltj mice. In both mouse models, IDDM resulted in depression of the hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR). This ventilatory depression was not associated with decreases in plasma insulin or leptin levels. There was, however, a strong association between the duration of hyperglycemia, the decline in HCVR, and increased glycosylation of the diaphragm. Hyperventilation was observed in only six of 14 C57BL/6J obese wild-type mice, despite a significant degree of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in all 14 animals. In mice with DKA, there was a significant correlation between the increase in baseline minute ventilation (V E) and hyperleptinemia (r = 0.77, p < 0.01). In leptin-deficient C57BL/6J-Lep(ob) mice, low levels of both V E and ketones were observed. These results suggest that: (1) depression of the HCVR in IDDM is associated with hyperglycemia and glycosylation of the diaphragm; and (2) the hyperventilation of DKA is leptin dependent.
Polymerization of coordinated monomers. XII. Alternating copolymerization of γ‐crotonolactone with styrene with the use of stannic chloride (1976)

Abstract γ‐Crotonolactone and styrene copolymerize alternately in the presence of stannic chloride at ‐10°C under photoirradiation. The intrinsic viscosity of the resulting copolymer is in the range of 0.6–0.8 dl/g at 30°C in chloroform. The equilibrium constants for the complex formation between stannic chloride and γ‐crotonolactone were determined in 1,2‐dichloroethane‐toluene solution at 0 and −20°C by use of absorption band at 350 nm. Continuous variation plots based on the 1 H‐chemical shift show a 1:1 interaction between styrene and the γ‐crotonolactone coordinated to stannic chloride. The equilibrium constants for the ternary molecular complex formation between the coordinated γ‐crotonolactone and styrene were determined in 1,2‐dichloroethane in the temperature range from −20 to 0°C. The equilibrium constants, derived independently from the measurements of the nonequivalent protons in γ‐crotonolactone, are equal to each other within the experimental error. The mechanism of the alternating copolymerization of γ‐crotonolactone and styrene in the presence of stannic chloride is discussed in terms of the homopolymerization of the ternary molecular complex.
Actin-independent association of vinculin with the cytoplasmic aspect of the plasma membrane in cell-contact areas. (1983)

We investigated the mode of association of vinculin with areas of contact between the termini of microfilament bundles and the cell membrane in sites of focal contact with the substrate by selective removal of actin from these areas. Opened-up substrate-attached membranes of chick fibroblasts as well as detergent-permeabilized cells were treated with fragmin from Physarum in the presence of Ca+2. This treatment removed actin filaments from the cytoplasmic faces of the membranes, along with several actin-associated proteins (alpha-actinin, tropomyosin, myosin, and filamin). Vinculin distribution was not affected by treatment. Moreover, rhodamine- or fluorescein-conjugated vinculin, when added to these preparations, became specifically associated with the focal contacts regardless of whether the latter were pretreated with fragmin or not. We conclude that the association of vinculin with focal contacts is largely actin-independent. We discuss the implications of these findings in the molecular mechanisms of microfilament membrane association in areas of cell contact.
Variations in Aspects of Neural Precursor Cell Neurogenesis in a Human Model of HSV-1 Infection (2022)

Encephalitis, the most significant of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases caused by Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), may have long-term sequelae in survivors treated with acyclovir, the cause of which is unclear. HSV-1 exhibits a tropism toward neurogenic niches in CNS enriched with neural precursor cells (NPCs), which play a pivotal role in neurogenesis. NPCs are susceptible to HSV-1. There is a paucity of information regarding the influence of HSV-1 on neurogenesis in humans. We investigated HSV-1 infection of NPCs from two individuals. Our results show (i) HSV-1 impairs, to different extents, the proliferation, self-renewing, and, to an even greater extent, migration of NPCs from these two subjects; (ii) The protective effect of the gold-standard antiherpetic drug acyclovir (ACV) varies with viral dose and is incomplete. It is also subject to differences in terms of efficacy of the NPCs derived from these two individuals. These results suggest that the effects of HSV-1 may have on aspects of NPC neurogenesis may vary among individuals, even in the presence of acyclovir, and this may contribute to the heterogeneity of cognitive sequelae across encephalitis survivors. Further analysis of NPC cell lines from a larger number of individuals is warranted.
An Efficient Quasi-2D Simulation of Waterhammer in Complex Pipe Systems (2009)

An efficient quasi-2D numerical waterhammer model for turbulent waterhammer flows has been previously developed for a single pipe system (reservoir-pipe-valve system). Basic boundary conditions, such as valves, reservoirs, and external flows, were also implemented. This paper extends this previously developed efficient scheme to a general model for a multipipe system. More specifically, an approach for matching the family of characteristic equations in each pipe at a junction of two or more pipes is proposed. In addition, the numerical stability conditions of the efficient scheme are investigated using the Von Neumann method. The resulting model is verified against experimental data and then applied to different complex systems involving pipes in series, branching, and network. Using this model, the effects of unsteady friction in complex pipe systems are examined and analyzed in this paper. From the case studies, it is found that the quasi-2D model is highly efficient, robust, and suitable for application to waterhammer problems in real complex pipe system.
ChemInform Abstract: Acylation of Pyridine Rings Mediated by Group 4 Metal Aryl Oxide Compounds: High Yield Formation of α,α′‐Disubstituted‐2,6‐pyridinedimethoxide Ligands. (1990)

Abstract 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopic studies of the complexes (IV), (V) and the Hf analogue to (V) show them to be present as approximately 50:50 mixtures of the threo and meso diastereoisomers in the initial reaction product mixture.
Structure and Dynamics in Ion-Conducting Polymers from MD Simulations (2018)

Abstract not provided.
Strongly Blue Luminescent Cationic Iridium(III) Complexes with an Electron‐Rich Ancillary Ligand: Evaluation of Their Optoelectronic and Electrochemiluminescence Properties (2013)

Abstract Two strongly blue luminescent cationic heteroleptic iridium complexes 1b and 2b bearing a 4,4′‐bis(dimethylamino)‐2,2′‐bipyridine (dmabpy) ancillary ligand and either 1‐benzyl‐4‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)‐1 H ‐1,2,3‐triazole (dFphtl) or 2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)‐5‐methylpyridine (dFMeppyH), respectively, have been synthesized and fully characterized. In comparison with other analogues, the interplay of the triazole unit with the dmabpy unit and methylation of the pyridine ring are discussed with respect to the photophysical, electrochemical, and electrochemiluminescent (ECL) properties of the complexes. The two complexes, 1b and 2b , are blue emitters with λ max = 495 and 494 nm, respectively. The nature of the excited states was established by various photophysical and photochemical experiments as well as DFT calculations. Both complexes emit from a ligand‐centered state, however, the emission of 1b possesses significant charge‐transfer character, which is absent in 2b . The presence of the methyl group on the cyclometalating ligand leads only to a modest increase in the radiative rate constant, k r , but otherwise does not appreciably influence the optoelectronic properties of the complex compared with the non‐methylated analogue. In contrast, the efficacy of the ECL emission when scanning to 2.50 V is strongly influenced by the presence of the methyl group. ECL emission is also enhanced in complexes bearing dmabpy ancillary ligands compared with those containing d t Bubpy ligands. The two complexes exhibit similar electrochemical behavior. Incorporation of the dmabpy ligand shifts both the oxidation and reduction cathodically. The combination of the dmabpy and dFphtl groups increases the redox potential difference and thus the HOMO–LUMO gap but the emission is not further blueshifted. Thus, the structural modification of the cyclometalating ligand, although only modestly tuning the emission energy, modulates the nature of the excited state and the efficiency of the ECL process.
Detection of incipient cavitation in pumps using acoustic emission. (1996)

AbstractThis work concerns the detection of incipient cavitation in pumps using acoustic emission (AE). Three activities have been pursued in this context: (a) the construction of a small-scale rig for the investigation of cavitation detection using AE sensors; (b) the acquisition of data on a 75 kW single-stage centrifugal pump in an industrial test loop under normal running and cavitation conditions; (c) the determination of parameters that could be used for the early diagnosis of cavitation within pumps.In the laboratory-scale apparatus water was pumped around a short loop by a 3 kW centrifugal pump. The flow loop contained a section specifically designed to induce cavitation by means of reducing the pressure level to that of the vapour pressure of the fluid. This apparatus was used to produce a variety of well-controlled cavitation conditions which were useful in determining the suitability of AE for the detection of cavitation.The industrial-scale tests consisted of progressively reducing the net pos...
„Wirtschaft“ in der Sekundarstufe I (1991)

Mit der weiteren Integration Westeuropas 1992 werden auch für das Bildungswesen Akzente neu gesetzt. Während bisher die deutsche Bildung in erster Linie auf Freizeit und Selbstverwirklichung vorbereitete, wird nunmehr die Berufsorientierung und die Vorbereitung auf ein europäisches Arbeitsleben größere Bedeutung bekommen. Die gegenseitige Anerkennung der Bildungsabschlüsse und beruflichen Qualifikation wird dazu führen, daß sich immer mehr Probleme bei der Einstufung und Einstellung von Beschäftigten ergeben werden. Die größere Berufswahlbreite hat schon bisher zu einer Verlängerung der Ausbildung und einer stärkeren Leistungsorientierung geführt, die letztlich berufsvorbereitenden Charakter hat. Auch die Entwicklung in den Gymnasien ging von der universalen Matura hin zu einer gestuften und differenzierten Spezialisierung, die als Berufsorientierung auf Studienfächer verstanden werden kann. Daran ändert auch nichts der Versuch, die berufsspezifischen Aspekte zurückzudrängen und die allgemeinen wissenschaftlichen Kriterien und Methoden in den Mittelpunkt zu stellen. Da die Wissenschaften immer mehr als angewandte Wissenschaften berufs-und arbeitsweltbezogen sind, ist die Idee einer wissenschaftlichen allgemeinen Bildung ein unerreichbares Ideal geworden. Daraus ergibt sich die paradoxe Situation, daß bei einer Verkürzung der Lebensarbeitszeit eine Verlängerung der Ausbildungszeiten und eine Verlagerung von den freien Künsten hin zu den berufsorientierten Inhalten auch an Gymnasien stattfindet.
MCDL : A Reduced But Extensible Multimedia Contents Description Language (2007)

Multimedia contents are more and more present in our life and their presentation usually rests on a text-based description that defines rules and properties of such contents and is produced by markup description languages (e.g., XML, MPEG7-DDL and SMIL). Although effective, the criticism to such approach regards the length of the produced description, which is considered too verbose. Since this may lead to performance problems for devices with limited resources, binary-based descriptions are being proposed. However, the simplicity of a text-based description cannot be underestimated and hence, the contribution of this paper is the proposal of a reduced, but extensible, markup Multimedia Contents Description Language (MCDL), which produces short text-based description of multimedia contents. MCDL is designed to organize and synchronize contents forthe mobile music scenario and a comparison study with other languages shows that MCDL describes the same contents with a much shorter description.
Lambertian reflectance and linear subspaces (2002)

We prove that the set of all reflectance functions (the mapping from surface normals to intensities) produced by Lambertian objects under distant, isotropic lighting lies close to a 9D linear subspace. This implies that the images of a convex Lambertian object obtained under a wide variety of lighting conditions can be approximated accurately with a low-dimensional linear subspace, explaining prior empirical results. We also provide a simple analytic characterization of this linear space. We obtain these results by representing lighting using spherical harmonics and describing the effects of Lambertian materials as the analog of a convolution. These results allow us to construct algorithms for object recognition based on linear methods as well as algorithms that use convex optimization to enforce non-negative lighting functions.
Deep Adaptation Networks Based Gesture Recognition using Commodity WiFi (2020)

Device-free gesture recognition plays a crucial role in smart home applications, setting human free from wearable devices and causing no privacy concerns. Prior WiFi-based recognition systems have achieved high accuracy in a static environment, but with limitations in adapting changes in environments and locations. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained deep adaptation networks based gesture recognition scheme (DANGR) using the Channel State Information (CSI). DANGR applies wavelet transformation for amplitude denoising, and conjugate calibration to remove CSI time-variant random phase offsets. A Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) based data augmentation approach is proposed to reduce the large consumptions of data collection and the over-fitting risks caused by incomplete dataset. The distribution of CSI in various environments may be biased. In order to shrink these domains discrepancies in environments, we adopt domain adaptation based on multikernel Maximum Mean Discrepancy scheme, which matches the mean-embeddings of abstract representations across domains in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. Extensive empirical evidence shows that DANGR yields mean 94.5% accuracy of gesture recognition confronting environmental variations, providing a promising scheme for practical and long-run implementation.
Integrating usability and accessibility in information assurance education (2009)

No abstract available.
Electrodynamics of carbon nanotubes: Dynamic conductivity, impedance boundary conditions, and surface wave propagation (1999)

Effective boundary conditions, in the form of two-sided impedance boundary conditions, are formulated for the linear electrodynamics of single- and multishell carbon nanotubes (CN's). The impedance is derived using the dynamic conductivity of CN's, which is obtained for different CN's (zigzag, armchair, and chiral) in the frame of the semiclassical as well as quantum-mechanical treatments. Propagation of surface waves in CN's is considered. The phase velocities and the slow-wave coefficients of surface waves are explored for a wide frequency range, from the microwave to the ultraviolet regimes. Relaxation is shown to qualitatively change the dispersion characteristics in the low-frequency limit, thereby rendering the existence of weakly retarded plasmons impossible. A dispersionless propagation regime is shown possible for the surface waves in the infrared regime. Attenuation and retardation in metallic and semiconductor CN's are compared.
Reversion of in vivo fibrogenesis by novel chromone scaffolds (2019)

Eupatilin may act directly on pathogenic myofibroblasts, disarming them, whereas the anti-fibrotic effect of pirfenidone may be indirect. Eupatilin could increase the efficacy of IPF treatment to curative levels.