gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of PP1 in the regulation of Ca cycling in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology (2009)

Type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1) is a critical regulator of several cellular processes. In the heart, it mediates restoration of contractility to basal levels by dephosphorylating key phospho-proteins, after beta-adrenergic stimulation. PP1 is a holoenzyme consisting of its catalytic and regulatory subunits, which anchor the catalytic subunit to desired subcellular locations, define substrate specificity and modulate catalytic activity. At the level of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), PP1 is regulated by Inhibitor-1 (I-1) and Inhibitor-2 (I-2), which modulate its activity, and the striated muscle-specific glycogen-targeting subunit, GM/RGL, which targets it to the SR vicinity. PP1 regulation is highly important in maintaining cardiac function under physiological conditions. In fact, aberrant Ca handling and depressed contractility in heart failure have been, at least partly, attributed to increases in PP1 activity, mediated by impaired regulation via its inhibitors. Importantly, increases in the level and activity of I-1 and I-2 in animal models have been successful in ameliorating dysfunction and remodeling in heart failure, suggesting that PP1 inhibition may be a plausible therapeutic strategy in heart failure.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Antiestrogens Induce Transforming Growth Factor β–Mediated Immunosuppression in Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Antiestrogens Induce Transforming Growth Factor β–Mediated Immunosuppression in Breast Cancer
Lithography Driven Layout Design (2005)

A lithography driven layout (LDL) design approach is presented. The approach adds upon the conventional layout optimisation criterions to include the effects of lithographic complexity of the future IC technologies. We analyse the various tradeoffs between the design and lithographic requirements for the IC layouts. Based on this, various LDL design rules are identified that leads to a good compromise between conflicting litho and design requirements. These LDL rules goes beyond the common design for manufacturability rules as they try to reduce the mask cost and extend the lifetime of existing litho-tools. A set of standard-cell layouts designed in 65nm CMOS technology are analysed for their litho-printability. Based on this, LDL design constraints are identified which simplify lithography and have limited impact on design area. The impact of such LDL rules on the performance, cost, and litho printability of IC layouts is presented.
Presence of A/Equi-2 Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Antibodies in Man (1972)

Serum antibodies to envelope antigens of A/Equi-2 virus were determined in persons of various ages with no known exposure to human A2/Hong Kong/68 virus. Antibody to neuraminidase and hemagglutinin antigens was observed predominantly in persons born before 1900. These results raise the possibility that A/Equi-2 influenza virus originated in the human host.
The relative importance of visual and sound design in the rehabilitation of a bridge connecting a highly populated area and a park (2016)

Audio-visual interactions can have an important effect on people's perception of the urban environment. The aim of this study is to research to what extent such measures can help in improving citizens' noise perception, and in extension, in increasing the general quality of the urban environment. Different renovation designs in a degraded area were put to the test by means of a virtual reality experiment. The test is performed with 100 normal hearing participants experiencing a walk over a visually and acoustically degraded bridge that connects a highly populated area to a park over a highway. Interventions to improve that state were both visualized and auralized. The Virtual Reality Environment is experienced by the participants with Oculus 3D glasses and headphones. The auralization includes noise abatement measures such as the addition of (low-height) noise barriers. The corresponding noise reduction was calculated in detail with the FDTD method, resulting in frequency-dependent insertion losses filtering the B-field (ambisonics) recordings made along the bridge. The participants are invited on several days, and exposed to the same audio-samples but with different visuals each time. Detailed questionnaires will help unraveling the importance of the auditive and visual stimuli when assessing the environmental quality. In the current paper, the setup of the experiment is discussed.
Expression of melanocortin 1 receptor in periaqueductal gray matter (1995)

The localization of the melanocortin 1 (MC1) receptor in brain was investigated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. In rat periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), a small number of cells which displayed a punctate distribution showed a specific hybridization signal for MC1 receptor mRNA, whereas other regions studied were negative. In human PAG, the immunoreactivity for MC1 receptor was detected in scattered cells. These results indicate that a restricted distribution of MC1 receptor is present in the central nervous system.
The Reaction of Perfluorobutanesulfonyl Fluoride with Alcohols in the Presence of 4‐Dialkylaminopyridines (1994)

Abstract Primary hydroxy groups as in neopentyl alcohol 7 or neopentylglycol 18 react readily with perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride 1 in the presence of 2 equiv. of the nucleophilic 4‐dialkylaminopyridines 4 to afford high yields of the corresponding N‐alkyl‐4‐dialkylaminopyridinium perfluorobutanesulfonates (nonaflates). Secondary hydroxy groups give rise to a mixture of the corresponding olefins and monofluorides as well as of the corresponding N‐alkyl‐4‐dialkylaminopyridinium nonaflates.
A study of the equatorial anomaly ionosphere using tomographic images (2003)

Tomographic techniques are applied to relative total electron content (TEC) data obtained using radio signals transmitted by the polar orbiting Navy Navigation Satellite System (NNSS) and received at a chain of six stations located at approximately 121°E longitude. Images reconstructed for each satellite passage provide a picture of electron density over a 25° latitude range and to an altitude of about 1000 km at a longitude of 121°E. Over 350 ionospheric images of the northern equatorial anomaly region have been reconstructed for October/November 1994. The daytime equatorial anomaly crest is a prominent feature of the reconstructed images. The rms difference between f o F 2 computed from tomographic images and f o F 2 measured by two ionosondes is found to be less than 12%. Causes for the differences are discussed. We show how the crest develops on average days in October and November and discuss the nature of seasonal variations. The fully developed anomaly core is aligned approximately along geomagnetic field lines, resulting in the existence of strong and directional gradients in the anomaly region. As a consequence, the crest latitude and the maximum vertical TEC (VTEC) latitude are noncoincident. The tilt of the anomaly core also causes the slant TEC integrated through the crest to be highly directional. In fact, the use of spherical stratification in predicting slant TEC based on the knowledge of the vertical TEC may give an error as large as 30 to 50% in some directions. Implications for GPS ranging measurements are discussed.
Levels of histaminase and L-dopa decarboxylase activity in the transition from C-cell hyperplasia to familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (1979)

The distribution of calcitonin, L-dopa decarboxylase, and histaminase is studied in sectioned total thyroid glands from patients with different stages of familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. In 5 glands with gross carcinoma and in 3 with early microscopic carcinoma the distribution of all three parameters positively correlates (p less than .01 for each correlation). In contrast, in 6 glands with C-cell hyperplasia only the distribution of calcitonin and L-dopa decarboxylase correlates (r = 0.64, p less than .01) while those for histaminase vs. calcitonin (r = .17, p = N.S.) and histaminase vs. dopa decarboxylase (r = .03, p = N.S.) do not. In the glands with microscopic carcinoma the peak levels of histaminase occur in the areas of disease as defined by immunohistochemical staining of calcitonin; mean histaminase activity is the only one of the three parameters measured that distinguishes between C-cell hyperplasia and microscopic carcinoma (p less than .005). Immunohistochemical staining of histaminase shows positive cells in glands with gross and microscopic carcinoma, but in none of the glands with hyperplasia alone. Histaminase is thus found in high amounts in some malignant C-cells only and may be a useful marker to distinguish between hyperplasia and malignancy in thyroids with early C-cell proliferative disorders.
Improved Microsurgical Anastomotic Patency with Low Molecular Weight Heparin (1998)

Blood flow to a free flap may be impaired by thrombotic occlusion at the anastomosis or by microemboli occluding microvessels. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low molecular weight fractions of heparin (LMWH) could improve both the patency of microvascular anastomoses and microcirculatory perfusion. Sixty-six rats underwent orthotopic elevation of 3- x 10-cm epigastric free flaps. Animals received a single injection of either vehicle, UFH or LMWH, prior to microvascular clamp application and pedicle division. Anastomotic patency and tissue survival area were assessed on postoperative day 7. Anastomotic patency was significantly improved in both the UFH and LMWH groups. Total tissue survival area in those flaps with anastomotic patency was significantly improved in the UFH and the LMWH groups. Although both UFH and LMWH significantly elevated activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) and anti activated clotting factor X (anti-Xa) activity over controls, UFH had its greatest effect on APTT, and LMWH on anti-factor Xa activity. Hematomas developed only in the UFH group. Thus, although both UFH and LMWH improved microcirculatory perfusion, as indicated by increased flap survival, only LMWH improved anastomotic patency while minimizing hemorrhage.
BAFF and APRIL support chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell survival through activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway (2006)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells express BR3, the specific receptor for the B cell-activating factor of tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF). CLL cells also express 2 other receptors for BAFF, namely B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and the transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand-interactor (TACI), which also bind a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). We found that signaling through BR3, but not BCMA or TACI, activated the alternative nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-kappaB) pathway in CLL cells, whereas signaling through BCMA/TACI induced activation of the canonical NF-kappaB pathway. Blocking BR3 did not inhibit the capacity of BAFF to support CLL cell survival in vitro. On the other hand, specifically blocking the canonical NF-kappaB pathway with UTC, an inhibitor of IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta), or transfection of CLL cells with the IkappaBalpha super-repressor, blocked the capacity of BAFF and APRIL to promote CLL cell survival in vitro. This contrasts what is found with normal blood B cells, which apparently depend on activation of the alternative NF-kappaB pathway for BAFF-enhanced survival. These findings suggest that inhibitors of protein kinase IKKbeta, which is required for activation of the canonical NF-kappaB pathway, might have a therapeutic role in this disease.
New asymmetric route to bridged indole alkaloids: formal enantiospecific syntheses of (−)-suaveoline, (−)-raumacline and (−)-N b-methylraumacline (1997)

The homologous nitrile 13 derived from L-tryptophan undergoes a modified Pictet–Spengler reaction with methyl propynoate, under conditions of kinetic control, to afford the cis-tetrahydro-β-carboline 15a (cis∶trans = 77∶23). After protection, Dieckmann–Thorpe cyclisation to the bridged keto nitrile 20 proceeds in 90% yield. Simple functional group modifications via the alcohol 21a and nitrile 22 (structures confirmed by X-ray crystallography) allow convergence with the tetracyclic α,β-unsaturated aldehyde 10, which is an advanced intermediate for the synthesis of a range of bridged indole alkaloids.
Variable phase equation in quantum scattering (2014)

This paper presents the derivation and applications of the variable phase equation for single channel quantum scattering. The approach was first presented in 1933 by Morse and Allis and is based on a modification of the Schrödinger equation to a first order differential equation, appropriate to the scattering problem. The dependence of phase shift on angular momentum and energy, together with Levinson's theorem, is discussed. Because the variable phase equation method is easy to program it can be further explored in an introductory quantum mechanics course.
Design, Development and Implementation of the Position Estimator Algorithm for Harmonic Motion on the XY Flexural Mechanism for High Precision Positioning (2020)

This article presents a novel concept of the position estimator algorithm for voice coil actuators used in precision scanning applications. Here, a voice coil motor was used as an actuator and a sensor using the position estimator algorithm, which was derived from an electro-mechanical model of a voice coil motor. According to the proposed algorithm, the position of coil relative to the fixed magnet position depends on the current drawn, voltage across coil and motor constant of the voice coil motor. This eliminates the use of a sensor that is an integral part of all feedback control systems. Proposed position estimator was experimentally validated for the voice coil actuator in integration with electro-mechanical modeling of the flexural mechanism. The experimental setup consisted of the flexural mechanism, voice coil actuator, current and voltage monitoring circuitry and its interfacing with PC via a dSPACE DS1104 R&D microcontroller board. Theoretical and experimental results revealed successful implementation of the proposed novel algorithm in the feedback control system with positioning resolution of less than ±5 microns at the scanning speed of more than 5 mm/s. Further, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control strategy was implemented along with developed algorithm to minimize the error. The position determined by the position estimator algorithm has an accuracy of 99.4% for single direction motion with the experimentally observed position at those instantaneous states.
Taxonomic Status, Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmaceutical Active Components of GenusAlseodaphne: A Literature Update (2021)

The genus Alseodaphne belongs to the family Lauraceae (the fifth largest botanical family). The members of the genus Alseodaphne are widely distributed in various zones of South East Asia viz. India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar. Since ancient times, Alseodaphne members have been used to treat various diseases in both Chinese and Indian systems of medicine. Based on the extensive literature survey, we have selected the eight most important members of the genus Alseodaphne. So, in the present chapter an attempt was made under the following lines, (1) to discuss the botany, taxonomic status of the selected important species, (2) to highlight the origin and geographical distribution of each species, and (3) to enlist, species wise phytoconstituents and pharmaceutically active metabolites.
Organic Sulfur Derivatives. V.2 Preparation and Properties of Some Long-Chain Mercapto Acids and Related Compounds3 (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic Sulfur Derivatives. V.2 Preparation and Properties of Some Long-Chain Mercapto Acids and Related Compounds3N. H. KOENIG, GEORGE S. SASIN, and DANIEL SWERNCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 10, 1525–1530Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01104a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01104a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views339Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Copper-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones: An Efficient, Aerobic Alternative (1996)

An efficient, copper-based catalyst has been discovered that oxidizes a wide range of alcohols into aldehydes and ketones under mild conditions. This catalytic system utilizes oxygen or air as the ultimate, stoichiometric oxidant, producing water as the only by-product.
Social functioning in bipolar patients: the perception and perspective of patients, relatives and advocacy organizations – a review (2007)

There is a real need for an enhanced education, information and awareness program aimed at BD patients, physicians, family members and the public. This will aid diagnosis, reduce current levels of stigmatization and prejudice surrounding the condition while assisting the reintegration of former and present patients back into the community.
On sliding-window universal data compression with limited memory (1998)

Nonasymptotic coding and converse theorems are derived for universal data compression algorithms in cases where the training sequence ("history") that is available to the encoder consists of the most recent segment of the input data string that has been processed, but is not large enough so as to yield the ultimate compression, namely, the entropy of the source.
Ab initio thermodynamics calculation of the relative concentration of NV- and NV0 defects in diamond (2012)

Two charge states of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in diamond are modeled using density functional theory. Vibrational properties and the free formation energies of the defects are calculated, with the implementation of the charge-neutrality condition for NV - to determine the chemical potential of the electron as a function of temperature. We find that at temperatures above 600 K the concentration of NV - becomes greater than that of the NV0.
Clinicopathological relevance of granular C4d deposition in peritubular capillaries of kidney allografts (2013)

While linear C4d staining in peritubular capillaries (PTC) is established as a marker of antibody-mediated rejection, the significance of a distinct granular C4d deposition pattern has not yet been clarified. In this study, 329 renal allograft recipients who underwent indication biopsies were analysed for immunohistochemical C4d staining characteristics. Fifty-six (17%) recipients showed granular C4d in PTC, without any relationship to conventional risk factors and morphological features of rejection. We found a strong association with long-term overall graft survival (7-year survival: 41% vs. 66% in granular C4d-negative subjects, P=0.001), which was mainly driven by a greater risk of mortality [hazard ratio: 3.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.23-7.94); P=0.02]. Granular C4d was associated with delayed graft function [39% vs. 22% (C4d-negative subjects), P=0.007], higher 1-year serum creatinine [median 2.1 (interquartile range: 1.7-2.6) mg/dl vs. 1.6 (1.3-2.0) mg/dl, P=0.001] and a trend towards worse death-censored graft survival (P=0.07). In support of a role of capillary immune complex formation, granular C4d was associated with electron-dense deposits in PTC basement membranes, which were occasionally accompanied by focally distributed capillary IgG deposits. In conclusion, our study suggests clinical relevance of detecting capillary granular C4d deposition. Our results point to a pathogenetic role of alloimmune-independent immune complex deposition.
Intersatellite range monitoring using optical interferometry (2008)

We report on an interferometer designed to provide 1-10 nm/square root(Hz) displacement measurement resolution, in the range 0.01 Hz to 1 Hz, while in low Earth orbit. The interferometer comprises two units, each with its own laser and in separate satellites, which would be in the same orbit separated by approximately 50 km. We discuss the requirements on the interferometer subsystem and describe the optical transponder distance measurement, including a phase locking method to generate a heterodyne beat signal between the two lasers. Design, fabrication, and testing of a "flightlike" engineering model interferometer is outlined, and results from environmental and performance tests are reported.
A Review of 50 Years of Study of Hydrology, Wetland Dynamics, Aquatic Metabolism, Water Quality and Trophic Status, and Nutrient Biogeochemistry in the Barataria Basin, Mississippi Delta—System Functioning, Human Impacts and Restoration Approaches (2021)

Here we review an extensive series of studies of Barataria Basin, an economically and ecologically important coastal basin of the Mississippi Delta. Human activity has greatly altered the hydrology of the basin by decreasing riverine inflows from leveeing of the river and its distributaries, increasing runoff with high nutrient concentrations from agricultural fields, and channelization of wetlands of the basin interior that has altered flow paths to often bypass wetlands. This has resulted in degraded water quality in the upper basin and wetland loss in the lower basin. Trophic state analysis found the upper basin to be eutrophic and the lower basin to be mesotrophic. Gross aquatic primary production (GAPP) was highest in the upper basin, lowest in the mid basin, and intermediate in the lower basin. Forested wetlands in the upper basin have degraded over the past several decades due to increased periods of flooding, while there has been massive loss of emergent wetlands in the lower basin due to increasing water levels and pervasive alteration of hydrology. Restoration will entail reconnection of waterways with surrounding wetlands in the upper basin, and implementation of river sediment diversions, marsh creation using dredged sediments and barrier island restoration. Findings from this review are discussed in terms of the functioning of deltas globally.
Intranasal HD-Ad vaccine protects the upper and lower respiratory tracts of hACE2 mice against SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

Our approaches provide a powerful platform for constructing highly effective vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants.