gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Why design must change: rethinking digital design (2010)

The IC industry is facing a huge paradox. On one hand, with the slowing of the performance and power gains provided by scaling, designers need to find new ways of delivering value to their customers. Historically this has meant creating more application specialized chips and systems. On the other hand the rising NRE costs for chip design (now over $10M/chip) has caused the number of chip design starts to fall. Everyone today seems to be talking about building programmable platforms to ensure the total available market is large enough to justify the chip design costs.
Tautomerism-Induced Cis–Trans Isomerization of Pyridylethenyl N-Confused Porphyrin (2017)

Pyridylethenyl-substituted N-confused porphyrins (NCPs) were synthesized, and their cis-trans isomerization was studied. Among four possible isomers, trans-3H and cis-2H types of structures, of which aromaticity and absorption/emission properties differ largely, were isolated. The cis-isomer was largely stabilized by the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the pyrrolic-NH and the pyridinic-N in the vicinity. The thermal cis-trans isomerization proceeded even at 30 °C, which was significantly accelerated by the pyridine added to the system. The kinetic studies revealed that the isomerization reaction was second-order and the activation energy of the thermal isomerization from cis to trans isomer was ΔG<sub>0</sub><sup>⧧</sup><sub>cis→trans</sub> = 35.7 kcal/mol at 298 K, which is significantly smaller than that of Ni complex (42.3 kcal/mol). An intermolecular proton transfer induced cis-trans isomerization mechanism was proposed.
The Preparation of a New Multinuclear Heteropolytungstate Anion [Fe3Co4W17O70H11]−10 (1989)

Abstract The preparation of a salt of a new multinuclear heteropoly tungstate complex is reported. FABMS, analytical and spectroscopic (UV-VIS-IR) evidence is presented which strongly indicates that the new complex is isostructural with [Cu2Fe4W18O70H6]−10, for which the preparation and X-ray structure were reported earlier1. The new salt is tentatively formulated Na10H5[Fe3Co4W17O70H6]·37H2O, wherein one Fe+3 or Co+2 replaces one W+6 in the conventional [X2Z4W18O70] formulation of the earlier structure. Possibilities are thus foreseen for additional complexes, isostructural with the above and involving various combinations of transition metals. Such complexes have potential importance for magnetic interaction and bonding studies as well as for catalysis.
Nal-IRI with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin or gemcitabine plus cisplatin in advanced biliary tract cancer - the NIFE trial (AIO-YMO HEP-0315) an open label, non-comparative, randomized, multicenter phase II study (2019)

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03044587. Registration Date February 7th 2017.
Intravenous vitamin E and deaths in the intensive care unit. (1984)

To the Editor.— Three patients in our neonatal intensive care unit during December 1983 are described below. The outcome for these patients was very unusual for our nursery and prompted investigation of any new practices started recently. The case histories briefly reviewed as follows: Patient 1. This white male neonate had birth weight of 1,021 g and estimated gestational age of 30 weeks. Apgar scores were 5 and 7. He had hyaline membrane disease requiring the use of a ventilator and he was weaned to room air in seven days, although he later required ventilation for apnea.
Improving ITOX conditions for low defect density and BOX breakdown (2002)

A narrow dose-energy process window exists for the formation of high-quality low dose SIMOX layers. Process instabilities require annealing schemes that enlarge the process window to improve manufacturability. As recently shown, the integrity of thin buried oxides has been improved by annealing in a highly oxidizing ambient. In this work, we extend the investigations to the effects of high temperature oxidation on the integrity and radiation hardness of the thin BOX SIMOX implanted with doses from the extreme ends of the process window. In addition, we explore the effects of moderate temperature H/sub 2/ anneals on BOX integrity.
Pneumothorax during Pazopanib Treatment in Patients with Soft-Tissue Sarcoma: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature (2017)

Pazopanib, a multitargeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has single-agent activity in patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma. Herein, we describe 2 cases of pneumothorax that occurred during pazopanib treatment in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. These 2 patients had multiple lung metastases. According to previous reports and our past experience, the risk of pneumothorax may be higher in patients with multiple lung metastases. Although a causal relationship is uncertain, the risk of pneumothorax when prescribing pazopanib for these patients should be considered.
64-Electrode PEM Fuel Cell Studies of CO-Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation Catalysts (2006)

The hydrogen oxidation catalytic performance of a ternary composition spread (Pt1-xRux)1-yMoy sample has been determined in a 64-electrode proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Linear gradients of the three elements were sputter deposited onto 3M's nano-structured thin film support through a shadow mask to produce 64 different, electrically isolated, catalyst compositions. CO stripping voltammetry showed that pre-adsorbed CO was removed at lower potentials as the ruthenium content increased. The presence of Mo generated a redox couple, broadened the CO stripping peak and reduced its intensity. In the presence of CO in reformate, the hydrogen oxidation overpotential decreased as the ruthenium content increased, in agreement with previous experimental studies reported in the literature on Pt1-xRux binary alloys. At intermediate ruthenium content, the overpotential could be further reduced through the incorporation of some molybdenum. At high Ru/Mo content, the hydrogen oxidation overpotential was high, presumably due to the resultant low Pt content.
Channel mismatch compensation for space-time adaptive processors (2008)

Mismatches in the response of the components used in the analogue front-ends of adaptive beamformers can reduce their ability to produce deep nulls against broadband interferers. These mismatches can be removed through a process of calibration performed at start-up and, if required, on a regular basis to track changes in the componentpsilas response due to environmental changes. In this paper a hardware efficient scheme for compensating for channel mismatches is proposed based on pre-equalization of each channel using frequency domain equalization. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is simulated and the improvement in broadband nulling is demonstrated on a hardware implementation of an adaptive beamformer.
Studies on Mesoionic Compounds. I. Synthesis of 3-Dialkylaminosydnonimines (1970)

3-Dialkylaminosydnonimine salts (IV) were synthesized starting from 1, 1-dialkyl-hydrazines (I) via II and III. IV exhibits a remarkable stability towards acids and could be obtained as crystals. Chemical and physicochemical properties of IV were similar to those of known sydnonimine salts. It should be mentioned that intermediary nitroso compounds (III) were rather unstable and spontaneously gave rise to unsaturated nitriles (III').
Simultaneous but not sequential treatment with sodium butyrate improves the antiproliferative effect of alpha- or beta-interferon on a breast cancer cell line. (1999)

Clinical evidence indicates that alpha- and beta-interferon (alpha-IFN, beta-IFN) are only partially effective in human breast cancer. To improve their effectiveness, it has been proposed that differentiation inducers, such as sodium butyrate (NaB), be used to increase the IFN sensitivity of tumors. Therefore, we assessed concomitant or sequential combinations of low/intermediate concentrations of alpha-IFN or beta-IFN (10, 50 and 100 IU/ml) with a low concentration (0.1 mM) of NaB on a human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231), which exhibited a moderate sensitivity to IFN. Moreover, to verify the capability of NaB to potentiate IFN effectiveness by increasing IFN receptor (IFN-R) concentration, we investigated the effect of NaB on the synthesis of IFN-R. The concomitant presence of NaB and alpha-IFN or beta-IFN significantly improved the antiproliferative effect of the corresponding IFN alone. Conversely, the sequential treatment NaB-IFN did not enhance the inhibitory activity of the cytokine, although NaB was able to induce the expression of IFN-R. More likely, NaB induced the expression of some component of the IFN system, such as Stat1, Stat2 or p48, whose higher availability in the cytoplasmic compartment promotes formation of the multimeric transcription factor ISGF3, which induces the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes.
Adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in obesity are regulated by retinoid‐related orphan receptor gamma (2011)

Obesity is a well-known risk factor for the development of secondary complications such as type 2 diabetes. However, only a part of the obese population develops secondary metabolic disorders. Here, we identify the transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ) as a negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation through expression of its newly identified target gene matrix metalloproteinase 3. In vivo differentiation of adipocyte progenitor cells from Rorγ-deficient mice is enhanced and obese Rorγ(-/-) mice show decreased adipocyte sizes. These small adipocytes are highly insulin sensitive, leading to an improved control of circulating free fatty acids. Ultimately, Rorγ(-/-) mice are protected from hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the state of obesity. In adipose stromal-vascular fraction from obese human subjects, Rorγ expression is correlated with adipocyte size and negatively correlated with adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity. Taken together, our findings identify RORγ as a factor, which controls adipogenesis as well as adipocyte size and modulates insulin sensitivity in obesity. RORγ might therefore serve as a novel pharmaceutical target to treat obesity-associated insulin resistance.
A Stochastic Model for Primary Settlers (1970)

Abstract Stochastic models of process units are useful where the flow and concentrations in a feed stream vary appreciably over long time periods in a random way. Models yield not only the mean, but provide a measure of the variation around the mean. Assuming sedimentation can be described by a rate equation, stochastic models are developed for zero, first and second order rate processes. The zero order model can be rejected because it cannot be made to fit plant data, while the second order model was not developed further because of its complexity. The rate parameter for the first order model was evaluated from 1968 suspended solids data for the Kitchener Sewage Treatment Plant and found to have zero variance. Testing the model against 1966 and 1967 data and shorter period for 1968 showed that the model predicted suspended solids and BOD removals differing on the average from plant results by 10%. The first order stochastic model gives, thus, a satisfactory representation of primary settler performance.
Video Synchronization: An Approach to Biopsy Site Re-localization (2014)

International audience
Bioluminescent signals and the role of reflectors (2000)

Organisms in a well lit environment use optical signals derived from the selective reflection of ambient light. In a dim or dark environment it is very difficult (because of low photon numbers) to detect the contrast between light reflected from the organism and that from the background, and many organisms use bioluminescent signals instead. The use of such signals on land is largely restricted to sexual signalling by the luminous beetles, but in the deep ocean their use is widespread, involving both many different organisms and a range of uses which parallel those of reflective signals on land. Some bioluminescent signals rely almost entirely on an optically unmodified light source (e.g. a secretion) but others depend upon complex optical structures, particularly reflectors, in the light-emitting organs. Reflectors in the light organs of many shrimp, squid and fish are based on constructive interference systems but employ different biological materials. They and other structures modify the angular, spectral and intensity distributions of bioluminescent signals. The ready availability of highly efficient biological reflectors has been a formative influence in the evolution of bioluminescent signalling in the sea.
Tuning Fermi-Surface Properties through Quantum Confinement in Metallic Metalattices: New Metals from Old Atoms (2001)

We describe a new class of nanoscale structured metals wherein the effects of quantum confinement are combined with dispersive metallic electronic states to induce modifications to the fundamental low-energy microscopic properties of a three-dimensional metal: the density of states, the distribution of Fermi velocities, and the collective electronic response.
Early maternal separation in mice trigered a specific IgG response against soluble food antigens (2013)

Early maternal separation in mice trigered a specific IgG response against soluble food antigens. Digestive Disease Week
Behavioral pharmacology of maprotiline, a new antidepressant (1975)

The effect of maprotiline (N-methyl-9, 10-ethanoanthracene-9 (10H)-propylamine) on animal behavior was investigated in mice and rats and compared with those of amitriptyline and imipramine. Maprotiline inhibited reserpine hypothermia in mice and tetrabenazine ptosis in rats, while it potentiated the effects of methamphetamine, L-DOPA and apomorphine in mice, in a similar manner to that of amitriptyline and imipramine. Maprotiline was more potent than anitriptyline and imipramine in antagonizing haloperidol-induced catalepsy as well as in suppressing muricide induced by either olfactory bulbectomy or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rats. Maprotiline potentiated anesthesia induced by thiopental or ether in mice to a lesser degree than did amitriptyline, and failed to counteract the lethal effect of physostigmine or oxotremorine tremor in mice, indicating that this drug has no central anti-cholinergic effect. Maprotiline markedly inhibited hyperemotionality of the rat with either septal lesions or olfactory bulb ablations, suggesting that it does have a tranquilizing effect. Inhibition of conditioned avoidance response of the rat in the shuttle box and reduction of methamphetamine group toxicity with maprotiline were similar to those with amitriptyline. Maprotiline exaggerated pentetrazol convulsion, decreased muscle tone and impaired coordinated motor activity in mice to a much lesser degree than amitriptyline and imipramine. LD50 of maprotiline was approximately twice that of imipramine and three times that of amitriptyline. These results indicate that maprotiline is a new type of antidepressant, has a low toxicity and shares both potent antidepressant and some tranquilizing effect, without possessing central anticholinergic action.
An analysis of the optimal band gaps of light absorbers in integrated tandem photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems (2013)

The solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency limits, along with the maximum efficiency values and the corresponding optimal band gap combinations, have been evaluated for various combinations of light absorbers arranged in a tandem configuration in realistic, operational water-splitting prototypes. To perform the evaluation, a current–voltage model was employed, with the light absorbers, electrocatalysts, solution electrolyte, and membranes coupled in series, and with the directions of optical absorption, carrier transport, electron transfer and ionic transport in parallel. The current density vs. voltage characteristics of the light absorbers were determined by detailed-balance calculations that accounted for the Shockley–Queisser limit on the photovoltage of each absorber. The maximum STH efficiency for an integrated photoelectrochemical system was found to be ∼31.1% at 1 Sun (=1 kW m−2, air mass 1.5), fundamentally limited by a matching photocurrent density of 25.3 mA cm−2 produced by the light absorbers. Choices of electrocatalysts, as well as the fill factors of the light absorbers and the Ohmic resistance of the solution electrolyte also play key roles in determining the maximum STH efficiency and the corresponding optimal tandem band gap combination. Pairing 1.6–1.8 eV band gap semiconductors with Si in a tandem structure produces promising light absorbers for water splitting, with theoretical STH efficiency limits of >25%.
Novel compound JOAB-40 decreases inflammation in vitro and colitis severity in vivo by using the murine Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) model (2020)

Abstract Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are two disorders categorized as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Patients with IBD may have inflammation extending the full thickness of the gut and non-gut organs mediated in part by Th-induced cytokines IL-1β, -2, -12, -13, -17, TNF-α, and IFN-Υ. To mimic this in vivo, DSS given in drinking water (3% w/v) can induce colitis in mice. Our previous work with novel anti-inflammatory enaminone E121 has shown that treating mice with E121 along with DSS-induced colitis (prophylactic approach) reduced colitis severity at gross and histological levels at the 30–60 mg/kg doses. Modifications made to E121 have resulted in new compounds (JOAB series) that include a piperazino ring which can not only decrease levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines but also inhibit chemokine signaling through CCR2. In vitro data suggest that JOAB-40 can reduce levels of TNF, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Since JOAB-40 was successful in decreasing inflammation in a mouse model of hemarthrosis without toxicity, we assessed its efficacy in decreasing inflammation associated with colitis. Prophylactically, mice treated with JOAB-40 had a more profound reduction in severity of colitis at lower doses (1–10 mg/kg) than E121. At higher doses (30–60 mg/kg), both E121 and JOAB were equivalent in their potency in reducing colitis severity. When both agents were given after colitis induction (treatment approach), JOAB-40 reduced colitis severity at 10, 30, and 60 mg/kg doses (by 50% compared to vehicle), but E121 did not reduce colitis severity at histological level when used at similar dose range. These data suggest JOAB-40 is more effective in reducing colitis severity in mice compared to the parental E121 compound.
Associations of Circulating Cytokines and Chemokines With Cancer Mortality in Men With Rheumatoid Arthritis (2016)

Serum cytokines and chemokines are associated with cancer and lung cancer mortality in men with RA, independent of multiple factors including age, smoking status, and prevalent cancer.
Purification and Micro Sequence Analysis of Active Peptides from Amphibian Skins (1982)

PEPTIDE PURIFICATION. In addition to the normally routine methods, we have applied the following techniques to solve some structural problems observed during the isolation of active peptides from amphibian skins: (i) isoelectric focusing in combination with electrophoresis to separate sauvagine I and II; (ii) reverse-phase HPLC to purify dermorphins and triptokinins; in particular, HPLC appears to be a versatile technique to isolate isocratically (on a / Bondapak C-18 column) caerulein from the analogue beta Asp3-caerulein (using as eluent 30% MeOH-10% MeCN in 0.02 M NH4OAc at pH 3.5), probably because of a different protonation of their aspartyl residues at the 3rd position; these results are in accordance with those obtained on HVPE at pH 2.7 (pyridine/glacial acetic acid/water 1/100/899 by vol.).
A variable poly‐T sequence modulates α‐synuclein isoform expression and is associated with aging (2007)

alpha-Synuclein, the main component of proteinaceous inclusions in synucleinopathies, is centrally involved in aggregation processes preceding Lewy body formation. Here we describe a new alpha-synuclein gene poly-T polymorphism that is situated upstream to exon 3 and consists of three different alleles. A correlation between poly-T length and expression of alpha-synuclein 126 mRNA, an isoform lacking exon 3, was detected in the human cerebral cortex. Specifically, when compared with the most frequent 7T/7T genotype, the shortest poly-T stretch (5T) was associated with the lowest alpha-synuclein 126 expression levels, whereas the longest poly-T stretch (12T) was accompanied by the highest alpha-synuclein 126 expression levels. Thus, three different expression-level-specific genotypes, with 5T+ genotypes as low alpha-synuclein 126 expression genotypes and 12T+ genotypes as high alpha-synuclein 126 expression genotypes, could be established. Poly-T genotype distributions were also analyzed in a healthy control population. Age-dependent variations in this distribution were observed and showed accumulation of low alpha-synuclein 126 expression genotypes at ages under 60 years and high alpha-synuclein 126 expression genotypes at ages over 80 years. To determine human specificity of the variable poly-T strech, the mouse alpha-synuclein gene sequence was analyzed. Although alpha-synuclein is very well conserved in vertebrates, the poly-T sequence was found to be absent in mice, and an alpha-synuclein 126 mouse homologue could not be detected. In conclusion, this newly identified poly-T polymorphism is a human-specific sequence; its length influences alpha-synuclein 126 expression levels; and, finally, it seems to exert a specific influence on normal aging.
Effects of Chungkukjang Added with Onion on Lipid and Antioxidant Metabolisms in Rats Fed High Fat-Cholesterol Diet (2008)

본 연구는 양파 첨가 청국장 첨가 식이가 고 콜레스테롤 흰 쥐의 지질대사 및 항산화대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 32마리를 대조군(C), 고 콜레스테롤군(HC), 고콜레스테롤＋양파 첨가 청국장군(HC-OC), 고콜레스테롤＋청국장군(HC-C)로 나누어 실험 식이를 8주간 공급하였다. 8주 후 혈액과 간, 변을 수집하여 혈장, 간 및 변의 지질농도, 혈장 TRAP, CD, 적혈구내 항산화효소활성, comet assay를 통한 DNA 손상을 측정하였다. 모든 군에서 식이섭취량은 유의적 차이가 없었고, HC군에서 체중이 증가하였으며, 그 중 HC-C군에서 체중과 식이효율이 유의적으로 높았다. 간 무게는 C보다 고콜레스테롤 급여 군들에서 유의적으로 증가하였고, 분변량은 고콜레스테롤 식이군들에서 낮았으며, 변의 조지방은 고콜레스테롤 식이 군들에서 증가하였다. 양파 첨가 청국장과 청국장 급여로 HC군보다 간의 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 유의적으로 낮아졌으며, 혈장 지질 저하효과는 나타나지 않았다. 양파 첨가 청국장과 청국장 섭취로 부분적 간 기능 개선 효과를 나타내었으며, 청국장 급여로 혈장 CD농도는 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 그리고 HC-OC군과 HC-C군의 tail intensity는 감소하여 DNA 산화적 손상에 대한 보호 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 양파 첨가 청국장과 청국장은 부분적으로 지질 개선효과와 항산화력이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 양파와 청국장은 각각이 이미 우수한 항산화력을 가지고 있는 기능성식품으로서 이 두 소재의 혼합에 의한 상승효과는 크게 나타나지 않았던 것으로 생각된다.
Joint polygenic and environmental risks for childhood attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom dimensions (2023)

Reproducible additive effects of PRS and family environment on ADHD symptoms were found, but GxE interaction effects were not replicated and appeared confounded by ancestry. Results highlight the potential value of combining exposures and PRS in clinical prediction algorithms. The observed differences in risks across ancestry groups warrant further study to avoid health care disparities.
Limits of the X-Ray Collimation by One Asymmetrical Bragg Reflection (1982)

Abstract In connection with the production of highly collimated X-rays the study of extremely asymmetrical Bragg reflections became of interest. In this paper the so-called extended dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction will be tested experimentally. As a result of this investigations the optimum conditions for X-ray collimation by means of one asymmetrical Bragg reflection are being discussed.
Elimination kinetics of ceftiofur hydrochloride after intramammary administration in lactating dairy cows (2004)

Ceftiofur administered by the intramammary route as an extra-label treatment for mastitis in dairy cows reaches concentrations in milk greater than the tolerance set by the FDA. Results indicated that milk from treated mammary gland quarters should be discarded for a minimum of 7 days after intramammary administration of ceftiofur. Elimination of ceftiofur may be correlated with milk production, and cows producing smaller volumes of milk may have prolonged withdrawal times.