gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coupling Extreme Environments in the SEM: Present and Future Developments (2022)

Journal Article Coupling Extreme Environments in the SEM: Present and Future Developments Get access Eric Lang, Eric Lang Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Samuel A Briggs, Samuel A Briggs Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USASchool of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Trevor Clark, Trevor Clark Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nathan Heckman, Nathan Heckman Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anthony Monterrosa, Anthony Monterrosa Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Christopher M Barr, Christopher M Barr Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Brad L Boyce, Brad L Boyce Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dan Buller, Dan Buller Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Khalid Hattar Khalid Hattar Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 2086–2087, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622008078 Published: 01 August 2022
A New Neuronal Cell Protecting Substance, Lavanduquinocin, Produced by Streptomyces viridochromogenes. (1995)

A new neuronal cell protecting substance, lavanduquinocin was isolated from Streptomyces viridochromogenes 2942-SVS3. It consists of a carbazole skeleton with an ortho quinone function and a cyclolavandulyl moiety. Lavanduquinocin protected neuronal hybridoma N18-RE-105 cells from L-glutamate toxicity with EC50 value 15.5 nm.
One-pot four-component synthesis of 2-aryl-3,3-dihaloacrylonitriles using potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) as environmentally benign cyanide source (2011)

Foi descrita uma rota eficiente para reaes em uma etapa com quatro componentes incluindo cloretos de aroila, hexacianoferrato(II) de potssio, trifenilfosfina e tetrahaletos de carbono para sintetizar 2-aril-3,3-dicloroacrilonitrilas e 2-aril-3,3-dibromoacrilonitrilas. Este protocolo tem como vantagens o uso de uma fonte no-txica de cianeto, alto rendimento e procedimento experimental simples
On design of a non-linear sliding mode load frequency control of interconnected power system with communication time delay (2015)

In an interconnected power system, the communication link is maintained between remote terminal units (RTUs)-control center-plant units for load frequency control (LFC) application. The dedicated communication channels having constant time delay may degrade the dynamic performance or even lead to system instability. In this paper, a time delay dependent H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> non-linear sliding mode LFC scheme has been proposed using Lyapunov-Krasovskii function based on stability criteria and linear matrix inequalities (LMI) framework. Simulation analysis is presented for two-area LFC scheme with constant time delay and generation rate constraint (GRC) at different load disturbance pattern.
Co‐doped ZnO thin films grown by pulsed electron beam ablation as model nano‐catalysts in fischer‐tropsch synthesis (2018)

A single‐step deposition of cobalt‐doped zinc oxide (Co‐ZnO) thin film nano‐composites on three different crystalline substrates, viz., Al 2 O 3 (c‐sapphire), silicon (100) (Si), and SiO 2 (quartz) is reported, using pulsed electron beam ablation (PEBA). The results indicate that the type of substrate has no effect on Co‐ZnO films stoichiometry, morphology, microstructure, and film thickness. The findings show the presence of hexagonal close‐packed metallic Co whose content increases in the films deposited on Al 2 O 3 and Si substrates relatively to SiO 2 substrate. The potential of the films as model nano‐catalysts has been evaluated in the context of the Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) process. Fuel fractions, which have been observed in FT liquid products, are rich in diesel and waxes. Specifically, Co‐ZnO/Al 2 O 3 nano‐catalyst shows a selectivity of ∼4%, 31%, and 65% towards gasoline, diesel, and waxes, respectively, while Co‐ZnO/SiO 2 nano‐catalyst shows a selectivity of ∼12%, 51%, and 37%, for gasoline, diesel, and waxes, respectively. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 64: 3332–3340, 2018
Optimized H.264 Video Encoding and Packetization for Video Transmission Over Pipeline Forwarding Networks (2009)

Previous works showed that the quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of multimedia applications can be optimally satisfied by pipeline forwarding (PF) by providing end-to-end delay guarantees as well as high network resource utilization. However, the unavoidable mismatch between reserved resources and the unpredictable traffic profile of a video stream has an impact on the resulting application layer quality. Therefore, a new low-complexity H.264 video encoding and packetization scheme based on a distortion-optimized macroblock grouping technique is designed here to maximize the performance of video transmission on PF networks. The scheme considers the perceptual importance of the different parts of the video data to group the most important information in few packets that are the natural candidates to receive the deterministic service provided by PF. Results show peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) gains up to 2.5 dB over traditional video encoding and packetization schemes, as well as more graceful degradation in case of high network load.
A comprehensive reputation-based trust model for distributed systems (2006)

In this paper, we present a general and comprehensive reputation-based trust model for distributed computing. The proposed model is an enhancement over our previous model, TRUMMAR, and aims at achieving a truly unique model that incorporates most concepts that are essential to determining trust-based decisions. Among the concepts upon which the trust model is based are reputation values, direct experiences, trust in the credibility of a host to give recommendations, decay of information with time based on a dynamic decay factor, first impressions, similarity, popularity, activity, cooperation between hosts, in addition to a hierarchy of host systems. The simulations performed on this model confirm its correctness and its adaptability to different environments and situations.
A Real-Time, Distributed, Directional TDMA MAC Protocol for QoS-Aware Communication in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks (2021)

Time division multiple access (TDMA) based medium access control (MAC) schemes are widely used for communication among directional nodes since they can provide a conflict-free transmission schedule. However, the existing directional TDMA schemes introduce significant overhead and delay, and cannot adapt in real-time to topology changes in a directional multi-hop network. These schemes also incur considerable overhead and delay in order to support the QoS (quality of service) traffic. In this paper, a novel, real-time, distributed, directional TDMA scheme is presented for directional multi-hop wireless networks. This scheme adapts to the topology changes and/or flow requirements in real-time, and facilitates QoS-aware communication with no notification overhead. In the proposed scheme, the 1-hop neighborhood of every node is divided into fully connected 1-hop neighborhoods, which allows the node to intelligently serve multiple routes without requiring a globally converged scheduling solution. This feature allows the use of a low-complexity rank-based mechanism to obtain a distributed, real-time transmission schedule for a directional multi-hop network. The following new features are also added in the proposed scheme: (${i}$ ) REQ period which reduces slot wastage, (ii) throughput scaling which ensures fairness and helps in congestion management, and (iii) piggyback reservation period which increases the spatial reuse and adapts to the dynamic requirements of multiple flows in real-time. The control-period overhead in our scheme is low and linearly changes with the number of nodes in a fully connected 1-hop neighborhood, instead of the total number of nodes in the entire network. Simulation results and comparisons with other recent, distributed TDMA-based schemes show that our scheme provides a higher throughput with very low control overhead for both static and mobile network topologies.
Improvement of dielectrophoretic impedance measurement method by bacterial concentration utilizing negative dielectrophoresis (2011)

In this study, the concept design for the improvement of the bacterial detection sensitivity of the DEPIM (Dielectrophoretic Impedance Measurement) method has been proposed. The cells in the micro-chamber are repelled and concentrated by n-DEP (negative dielectrophosesis). The concentrated cells are captured by p-DEP (positive DEP) and detected by measuring the change in the electrical impedance. The numerical simulations and the preliminary test were performed to investigate the effectiveness of the n-DEP concentration. When n-DEP concentration was employed, the increase in the rate of the conductance became approximately two times higher than that obtained without n-DEP.
A t( 10; 17) translocation creates the RET/PTC2 chimeric transforming sequence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (1994)

Activation of the RET protooncogene tyrosine kinase (tk) by fusion with other genes is a frequent finding in papillary thyroid carcinoma. The tk domain of proto-RET can be fused either with the D10S170 gene generating the RET/PTC1 transforming sequence or with sequences belonging to the gene encoding the regulatory subunit RIA of c-AMP-dependent protein kinase A, thus forming the RET/PTC2 oncogene. We have previously shown that an inversion of chromosome 10, inv(10)(q11.2q21), is responsible for the generation of the RET/PTC1. Here we report that a chromosomal translocation, t(10;17)(q11.2;q23), juxta-poses the tk domain of the RET protooncogene, which resides on chromosome 10, to a 5' portion of the RIA gene on chromosome 17, leading to the formation of the chimeric transforming gene RET/PTC2. The finding of the transforming protein in primary tumor cell extracts supports the conclusion that RET/PTC2 activation plays a role in papillary thyroid tumorigenesis.
Amidate Prodrugs of 9-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)Ethyl]Adenine as Inhibitors of Adenylate Cyclase Toxin from Bordetella pertussis (2013)

Adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) is the key virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis that facilitates its invasion into the mammalian body. 9-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine diphosphate (PMEApp), the active metabolite of the antiviral drug bis(POM)PMEA (adefovir dipivoxil), has been shown to inhibit ACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate six novel amidate prodrugs of PMEA, both phenyloxy phosphonamidates and phosphonodiamidates, for their ability to inhibit ACT activity in the J774A.1 macrophage cell line. The two phenyloxy phosphonamidate prodrugs exhibited greater inhibitory activity (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 22 and 46 nM) than the phosphonodiamidates (IC50 = 84 to 3,960 nM). The inhibitory activity of the prodrugs correlated with their lipophilicity and the degree of their hydrolysis into free PMEA in J774A.1 cells. Although the prodrugs did not inhibit ACT as effectively as bis(POM)PMEA (IC50 = 6 nM), they were significantly less cytotoxic. Moreover, they all reduced apoptotic effects of ACT and prevented an ACT-induced elevation of intracellular [Ca(2+)]i. The amidate prodrugs were less susceptible to degradation in Caco-2 cells compared to bis(POM)PMEA, while they exerted good transepithelial permeability in this assay. As a consequence, a large amount of intact amidate prodrug is expected to be available to target macrophages in vivo. This feature makes nontoxic amidate prodrugs attractive candidates for further investigation as novel antimicrobial agents.
Figure S1 from Clonality, Antigen Recognition, and Suppression of CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Differentially Affect Prognosis of Breast Cancer Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. Hormone receptor status per BC molecular subtype. Stacked bar-plots show percentage or estrogen receptor (ER, left), progesterone receptor (PR, middle) and human-epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2, right) as assessed by immune histochemistry of the same patients, per BC subtype.&lt;/p&gt;
PIASy-mediated Tip60 sumoylation regulates p53-induced autophagy (2012)

Posttranslational modifications of p53 integrate diverse stress signals and regulate its activity, but their combinatorial contribution to overall p53 function is not clear. We investigated the roles of lysine (K) acetylation and sumoylation on p53 and their relation to apoptosis and autophagy. Here we describe the collaborative role of the SUMO E3 ligase PIASy and the lysine acetyltransferase Tip60 in p53-mediated autophagy. PIASy binding to p53 and PIASy-activated Tip60 lead to K386 sumoylation and K120 acetylation of p53, respectively. Even though these two modifications are not dependent on each other, together they act as a "binary death signal" to promote cytoplasmic accumulation of p53 and execution of PUMA-independent autophagy. PIASy-induced Tip60 sumoylation augments p53 K120 acetylation and apoptosis. In addition to p14(ARF) inactivation, impairment in this intricate signaling may explain why p53 mutations are not found in nearly 50% of malignancies.
Preparation and Evaluation in Rabbits of Topical Solutions Containing Forskolin (1989)

Forskolin, a diterpene which displays a potent IOP-lowering activity in several animal species, is very poorly water soluble. This characteristic imposes the ocular administration of the drug as a suspension, a type of formulation which may present several preparative and biological disadvantages, such as e.g. difficulty of sterilization and poor bioavailability. The present report is concerned with an investigation on the solubilization of forskolin by some eye-compatible polymeric agents. While beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin were not particularly effective solubilizers, one polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer (PluronicR F-127) increased 40 times the drug solubility in water (c. 120 mg/100 ml vs. c. 3 mg/100 ml). When tested on rabbits with artificially increased IOP, the Pluronic vehicle prolonged significantly the duration of the hypotensive activity of forskolin with respect to a standard 1.0% suspension of the drug. The potential of these alternative formulations for increasing the ocular bioavailability of forskolin is discussed.
Charge Accumulation Properties in Saturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Electron Beam Irradiation (2008)

In order to investigate the different properties of electric charge accumulation by electron beam irradiation between a saturated hydrocarbon and an aromatic hydrocarbon, an electron affinity and a trap depth for both hydrocarbons were calculated by using Molecular Orbital method. From calculated results, the relationship among a vacuum level, a conduction level, an ionization level, an electron affinity and a trap depth were drawn in an energy diagram for both saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Basically, there was a negative electron affinity for saturated hydrocarbon such as Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP) and Polystyrene (PS). On the other hand there was a positive electron affinity for aromatic hydrocarbon such as Polycarbonate (PC), Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), Polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), and Polyimide (PI). It was found that the conduction level of electric carrier for saturated hydrocarbon was higher than a vacuum level, however the conduction level for aromatic hydrocarbon was the same as the vacuum level. Furthermore, from the results of electro static potential distribution calculated by Molecular Orbital method, it was clearly found that the excess electron in polymeric material was trapped around a carbonyl radical and benzene ring which have a large electric dipole.
Motion-to-Form cortical projections and the distortion of position maps. (2004)

The perceived position of objects is often distorted in the presence of motion. Multiple examples include flash-lag (Nijhawan, 1994) and flash-drag (Whitney and Cavanagh, 2000) effects and illusory boundary distortion ( Anderson and Barth, 1999). A unified cortical model of motion integration and segmentation has been developed to clarify how brain mechanisms of form and motion processing interact to generate coherent percepts of object motion from spatially distributed and ambiguous visual information (Berzhanskaya, Grossberg and Mingolla, 2003). This model uses feedforward and feedback circuits involving areas V1, V2, MT and MST to solve both the motion aperture and correspondence problems and to explain data such as motion capture phenomena, barberpole illusion, plaid motion, and integration of object motion across apertures. Here model mechanisms that explained separation of ambiguous boundaries in depth (chopsticks illusion) and motion transparency are extended to explain data about boundary distortion. Interactions between motion and form can happen on many levels. The model clarifies how MT-to-V1 feedback as well as local V1 excitatory and inhibitory connections interact with other model mechanisms to explain these positional effects. We show that weak boundaries (briefly flashed, illusory, or low contrast) are susceptible to shifts caused by the motion projection to the form stream. Asymmetric and opponent-direction inhibition used by visual circuits to enhance direction selectivity and feature-tracking can help to explain the difference between leading and trailing edge position shifts (Whitney et al., 2003). Similar mechanisms can explain not only position shifts when a stimulus is perceived as static, but also an illusory motion of static stimuli (motion capture and motion induction).
Visualization of Disability Glare Due to Veiling Luminance (2015)

We present a simulation method to evaluate and visualize disability glare problems. Mathematical calculations of visual degradations due to optical imperfections in the eye are performed on luminance photos of scenes and the result is visualized. The method was evaluated in three indoor and outdoor cases where different visual aspects on disability glare were studied. Overall, the simulations predicted problem areas in the scenes to a large extent. The method was also applied in a light rendered 3D-model and gave indications for improvements of the light setting. Aspects on improving environmental planning by better understanding of human vision are discussed.
A probabilistic view of latent space graphs and phase transitions (2021)

We study random graphs with latent geometric structure, where the probability of each edge depends on the underlying random positions corresponding to the two endpoints. We focus on the setting where this conditional probability is a general monotone increasing function of the inner product of two vectors; such a function can naturally be viewed as the cumulative distribution function of some independent random variable. We consider a one-parameter family of random graphs, characterized by the variance of this random variable, that smoothly interpolates between a random dot product graph and an Erdős--Rényi random graph. We prove phase transitions of detecting geometry in these graphs, in terms of the dimension of the underlying geometric space and the variance parameter of the conditional probability. When the dimension is high or the variance is large, the graph is similar to an Erdős--Rényi graph with the same edge density that does not possess geometry; in other parameter regimes, there is a computationally efficient signed triangle statistic that distinguishes them. The proofs make use of information-theoretic inequalities and concentration of measure phenomena.
Data rate enhancement of dual silicon ring resonator carrier-injection modulators by PAM-4 encoding (2015)

Two rings are thermally tuned to near-resonance and individually modulated by two uncorrelated, NRZ encoded PRBS data sources at 1 GBd/s at different extinction ratios to achieve a 2 Gb/s. Experimental data is shown as a proof-of-concept for this approach.
Internet Commerce and Software Agents: Cases, Technologies and Opportunities (2000)

The Internet is revolutionizing retail merchandising and shopping. This text addresses some major Internet commerce issues and the challenges to be met in achieving automated and secure Internet trading. Among the topics covered are the development of intelligent tools, business models to maximise the benefits of agent technologies, agent-based payments, recommender systems, Web-based smart card agents, Internet lottery systems and wireless virtual communities.
Influence of Polymer Backbone Fluorination on the Electrochemical Behavior of Single-Ion Conducting Multiblock Copolymer Electrolytes (2022)

The presence of fluorine, especially in the electrolyte, frequently has a beneficial effect on the performance of lithium batteries owing to, for instance, the stabilization of the interfaces and interphases with the positive and negative electrodes. However, the presence of fluorine is also associated with reduced recyclability and low biodegradability. Herein, we present a single-ion conducting multiblock copolymer electrolyte comprising a fluorine-free backbone and compare it with the fluorinated analogue reported earlier. Following a comprehensive physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of the copolymer with the fluorine-free backbone, the focus of the comparison with the fluorinated analogue was particularly on the electrochemical stability toward oxidation and reduction as well as the reactions occurring at the interface with the lithium-metal electrode. To deconvolute the impact of the fluorine in the ionic side chain and the copolymer backbone, suitable model compounds were identified and studied experimentally and theoretically. The results show that the absence of fluorine in the backbone has little impact on the basic electrochemical properties, such as the ionic conductivity, but severely affects the electrochemical stability and interfacial stability. The results highlight the need for a very careful design of the whole polymer for each desired application, essentially, just like for liquid electrolytes.
Copy number variations in Friesian horses and genetic risk factors for insect bite hypersensitivity (2018)

CNVs were identified in a large sample of the Friesian horse population, thereby contributing to our knowledge on CNVs in horses and facilitating our understanding of the equine genome and its phenotypic expression. A clear association was identified between the MHC region on ECA20 and IBH in Friesian horses based on both SNP- and CNV-based GWA studies. These results imply that MHC contributes to IBH sensitivity in Friesian horses. Although subsequent analyses are needed for verification, nucleotide differences, as well as more complex structural variations like CNVs, seem to contribute to IBH sensitivity. IBH should be considered as a common disease with a complex genomic architecture.