gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-throughput drug screening using the Ebola virus transcription- and replication-competent virus-like particle system (2018)

The massive epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa, followed in recent months by two outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, underline the importance of this severe disease. Because Ebola virus (EBOV) must be manipulated under biosafety level 4 (BSL4) containment, the discovery and development of virus-specific therapies have been hampered. Recently, a transient transfection-based transcription- and replication competent virus-like particle (trVLP) system was described, enabling modeling of the entire EBOV life cycle under BSL2 conditions. Using this system, we optimized the condition for bulk co-transfection of multiple plasmids, developed a luciferase reporter-based assay in 384-well microtiter plates, and performed a high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign of an 8,354-compound collection consisting of U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) -approved drugs, bioactives, kinase inhibitors, and natural products in duplicates. The HTS achieved a good signal-to-background ratio with a low percent coefficient of variation resulting in Z' = 0.7, and data points were reproducible with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.89, indicative of a robust assay. After applying stringent hit selection criteria of ≥70% EBOV trVLP inhibition and ≥70% cell viability, 381 hits were selected targeting early, entry, and replication steps and 49 hits targeting late, maturation, and secretion steps in the viral life cycle. Of the total 430 hits, 220 were confirmed by dose-response analysis in the primary HTS assay. They were subsequently triaged by time-of-addition assays, then clustered and ranked according to their chemical structures, biological functions, therapeutic index, and maximum inhibition. Several novel drugs have been identified to very efficiently inhibit EBOV. Interestingly, most showed pharmacological activity in treatments for central nervous system-related diseases. We developed and screened an HTS assay using the novel EBOV trVLP system. Newly identified inhibitors are useful tools to study the poorly understood EBOV life cycle. In addition, they also provide opportunities to either repurpose FDA-approved drugs or develop novel viral interventions to combat EVD.
Can Badges Foster a More Welcoming Culture on Q&A Boards? (2020)

Thriving online communities rely on a steady stream of newcomers to contribute new content. However, retaining newcomers has proven challenging. In this paper, we measure the success of an intervention used by Stack Exchange question-answering communities to create a more welcoming environment for newcomers. That intervention consisted in highlighting contributions by new users with a special indicator. We hypothesize that Stack Exchange's new policy would reduce negative reactions to new users and, ultimately, increase new user retention. We leverage causal modeling to assess the introduction of the so-called “new contributor indicator”, and we find it did not counter user retention decline in the short- and long-terms. However, our results indicate it did reduce unwelcoming reactions towards newcomers in the short-term. Our work has practical implications for online community managers aiming to improve their onboarding processes.
Introduction of novel amino acids into proteins : a study of specificity and editing in the yeast isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (1996)

Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major global health problem that is being targeted for progressive elimination. Knowledge of local disease transmission patterns in endemic countries is critical to these elimination efforts. To investigate fine-scale patterns of malaria transmission, we have compared repertoires of rapidly evolving var genes in a highly endemic area. A total of 3680 high-quality DBLα-sequences were obtained from 68 P. falciparum isolates from ten villages spread over two distinct catchment areas on the north coast of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Modelling of the extent of var gene diversity in the two parasite populations predicts more than twice as many var gene alleles circulating within each catchment (Mugil = 906; Wosera = 1094) than previously recognized in PNG (Amele = 369). In addition, there were limited levels of var gene sharing between populations, consistent with local parasite population structure. Phylogeographic analyses demonstrate that while neutrally evolving microsatellite markers identified population structure only at the catchment level, var gene repertoires reveal further fine-scale geospatial clustering of parasite isolates. The clustering of parasite isolates by village in Mugil, but not in Wosera was consistent with the physical and cultural isolation of the human populations in the two catchments. The study highlights the microheterogeneity of P. falciparum transmission in highly endemic areas and demonstrates the potential of var genes as markers of local patterns of parasite population structure.
Preeclampsia Rates in the United States, 1980 to 2010 (2014)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious Issues Collections Obstetric Airway ManagementMaternal EmbolismRegional Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionGeneral Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionAnalgesia for LaborObstetric HemorrhagePre-Eclampsia/EclampsiaPharmacologyTraumaInfection and SepsisMaternal ObesityMaternl Morbidity and MortalityNeonatal Morbidity and MortalityObstetric ComplicationsAnesthetic ComplicationsNon-Obstetric Maternal DiseaseCritical CareDrug Abuse in PregnancyEthicsSystems Based Practice For Authors Information for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesLippincott&#174; Preprints Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Histrionic Blasphemy: Dario Fo’s Mistero Buffo and the Catholic Church (2019)

In April, 1977, the Italian television channel RAI 2 aired the late Dario Fo and Franca Rame’s Mistero Buffo, a collection of stories from the Bible and church history enacted in the single-performer, giullare style that Fo famously developed. On RAI 1, at the same time, was showing Franco Zeffirelli’s Jesus, a series on the life of Christ, designed by the famous director in his own words to “create a mood of pacification, of love” in his television audience1. The Vatican did not only make its preference clear, but declared, in their official newspaper, Fo’s irreverent treatment of sacred stories to be “the most blasphemous program ever broadcast in the history of world television2.” Predictably, Fo embraced the critique by declaring “This is the best compliment the Vatican could have paid me3.” The Vatican Secretary of State actually called for priests to devote their upcoming sermons to condemning Mistero Buffo – it is not clear how many complied – and dozens of Catholic institutions attempted to try Fo in court for blasphemy. The Vatican was unable to stop the showing that spring, but did manage to keep Fo off the air for seven years: a rebroadcast of Mistero Buffo scheduled for 1982 was canceled. During a 1984 tour of Mistero Buffo to Argentina, the Church stridently attacked it and production incurred both peaceful and violent protests4. What were the issues in what has been called by Ron Jenkins “a scandal of epic proportions5” and to what degree might Fo be “gu
Frequency-Selective Rasorber with Tri-resonant Absorption Band (2019)

In this paper, a rasorber with broadband absorption response is presented. The absorption band is located below the transmission window, and a good absorptivity is achieved. Cross-frame and cross-slot FSSs are employed to fulfill the desired rasorber performance. Tri-resonant behavior is obtained by the lossy cross-frame array and used to consume the wide-band incident power. Furthermore, a stable absorption performance is achieved until 50° incident angle. The current distribution and simulated results are given to illustrate the operating mechanism of the presented design.
Editorial: Insights into synthetic biology 2021: Novel developments, current challenges, and future perspectives (2023)

International audience
Comments on "Resolution in time-frequency" (2000)

The author comments that the first line of conjecture 5 in the paper of DeBrunner, Ozaydin and Przebinda (see ibid., vol.47, p.783-88, 1999) was proven by Dembo et al. (1991). The proof is a consequence of the properties of the discrete Renyi entropies. Conjecture 5 is a special case of the Renyi-Hirschman inequality.
Entanglement networks of 1,2-polybutadiene crosslinked in states of strain. VII. Stress-birefringence relations. [Gamma radiation] (1979)

Crosslinks are introduced by ..gamma.. irradiation into 1,2-polybutadiene while strained in uniaxial extension near T/sub g/ with stretch ratio lambda/sub 0/, thereby trapping a proportion of the entanglements originally present. The stress at any subsequent strain lambda is accurately given by the sum sigma/sub N/ + sigma/sub x/, where sigma/sub N/ is the stress contributed by a trapped entanglement network with lambda = 1 as reference and a Mooney-Rivlin stress-strain relation, and sigma/sub x/ is that contributed by a crosslink network with lambda = lambda/sub 0/ as reference and neo-Hookean stress-strain relation. The birefringence is accurately given as ..delta..n = C/sub N/sigma/sub N/ + C/sub x/sigma/sub x/, where the C's are the respective stress-optical coefficients. From measurements at lambda = lambda/sub 0/ where sigma/sub x/ = 0, C/sub N/ can be determined separately. For polymer with 88% 1,2-microstructure, C/sub N/ and C/sub x/ are nearly equal and independent of irradiation dose, though strongly dependent on temperature. For polymer with (95-96)% 1,2, C/sub N/ and C/sub x/ are different (even opposite in sign) and dependent on dose. This behavior is associated with a side reaction of cyclization by the ..gamma.. irradiation, which is inhibited by the 1,4 moiety in the polymermore » with lesser 1,2 content. It is responsible for residual birefringence in the state of ease (lambda = lambda/sub s/) where sigma/sub N/ = -sigma/sub x/ and the stress is zero.« less
New Public Management Is Dead--Long Live Digital-Era Governance (2005)

The ''new public management'' (NPM) wave in public sector organizational change was founded on themes of disaggregation, competition, and incentivization. Although its effects are still working through in countries new to NPM, this wave has now largely stalled or been reversed in some key ''leading-edge'' countries. This ebbing chiefly reflects the cumulation of adverse indirect effects on citizens' capacities for solving social problems because NPM has radically increased institutional and policy complexity. The character of the post-NPM regime is currently being formed. We set out the case that a range of connected and information technology-centered changes will be critical for the current and next wave of change, and we focus on themes of reintegration, needs-based holism, and digitization changes. The overall movement incorporating these new shifts is toward ''digital-era governance'' (DEG), which involves reintegrating functions into the governmental sphere, adopting holistic and needs-oriented structures, and progressing digitalization of administrative processes. DEG offers a perhaps unique opportunity to create self-sustaining change, in a broad range of closely connected technological, organizational, cultural, and social effects. But there are alternative scenarios as to how far DEG will be recognized as a coherent phenomenon and implemented successfully.
Observations of mineralised tissues of teeth in X-ray micro-computed tomography (2016)

X-ray microtomography offers within the analysis of mineralised tissues - complex structures of bone, teeth and biomedical materials, turn out to be indispensable since it opens new opportunities for cognitive and implementation research.
Energy consumption measurements and reduction of Zigbee based wireless sensor networks (2013)

This paper discusses energy consumption reduction in Zigbee based networks. We introduce energy consumption benchmarking platform (ECBP) - a versatile data acquisition based energy consumption profiling system for WSNs. The ECBP can be utilized to find power intensive processes in a given system, discover energy consumption anomalies and wasted power, measure active duty and sleep cycles, measure voltage, current, power, and energy consumption for a given time period, and discover power consumption related faults in sensor networks. We show how to use ECBP on a Zigbee based sensor network to reduce power consumption by an order of magnitude, thus, extending the network lifetime by the same factor.
Partial isolation from intact cells of a cell surface-exposed lysophosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C (1997)

A novel cell surface phosphoinositide-cleaving phospholipase C (ecto-PLC) activity was isolated from cultured cells by exploiting its presumed external exposure. Biotinylation of intact cells followed by solubilization of the biotinylated proteins from a membrane fraction and recovery onto immobilized-avidin beads, allowed assay of this cell surface enzyme activity apart from the background of the substantial family of intracellular PLCs. Several cell lines of differing ecto-PLC expression were examined as well as cells stably transfected to overexpress the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GP) anchored protein human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) as a cell surface enzyme marker. The resulting bead preparations from ecto-PLC positive cells possessed calcium-dependent PLC activity with preference for lysophosphatidylinositol (lysaPI) rather than phosphatidylinositol (PI). The function of ecto-PLC of intact cells evidently is not to release GPI-anchored proteins at the cell surface, as no detectable Ca(2+)-dependent release of overexpressed PLAP from ecto-PLC-positive cells was observed. To investigate the cell surface linkage of the ecto-PLC itself, intact cells were treated with bacterial PI-PLC to cleave simple GPI anchors, but no decrease in ecto-PLC activity was observed. High ionic strength washes of biotinylated membranes prior to the generation of bead preparations did not substantially reduce the lysoPI-PLC activity. The results verify that the ecto-PLC is truly cell surface-exposed, and unlike other members of the PLC family that are thought to be peripheral membrane proteins, this novel lysoPI-PLC is most likely a true membrane protein.
Vacuum Rabi splitting in a plasmonic cavity at the single quantum emitter limit (2016)

Abstract The strong interaction of individual quantum emitters with resonant cavities is of fundamental interest for understanding light–matter interactions. Plasmonic cavities hold the promise of attaining the strong coupling regime even under ambient conditions and within subdiffraction volumes. Recent experiments revealed strong coupling between individual plasmonic structures and multiple organic molecules; however, strong coupling at the limit of a single quantum emitter has not been reported so far. Here we demonstrate vacuum Rabi splitting, a manifestation of strong coupling, using silver bowtie plasmonic cavities loaded with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). A transparency dip is observed in the scattering spectra of individual bowties with one to a few QDs, which are directly counted in their gaps. A coupling rate as high as 120 meV is registered even with a single QD, placing the bowtie-QD constructs close to the strong coupling regime. These observations are verified by polarization-dependent experiments and validated by electromagnetic calculations.
Distribution of meliphaga plavescens and m. fusca in Northern Queensland (1971)

Salomonsen (1967) gave the range of Meliphaga fusca (sensu stricto) as eastern and south-eastern Australia, west to Adelaide and north to Cairns, Atherton and the Lynd River. The populations from Mackay northwards he distinguished as M. fusca subgrmana (Mathews) , type locality Cairns.
p-Hydroxyphenylacetate-3-hydroxylase. A two-protein component enzyme. (1992)

p-Hydroxyphenylacetate-3-hydroxylase, an inducible enzyme isolated from the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida, catalyzes the conversion of p-hydroxyphenylacetate to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate. The enzyme requires two protein components: a flavoprotein and a colorless protein referred to as the coupling protein. The flavoprotein alone in the presence of p-hydroxyphenylacetate and substrate analogs catalyzes the wasteful oxidation of NADH with the stoichiometric generation of H2O2. A 1:1 complex of the flavoprotein and coupling protein is required for stoichiometric product formation. Such complex formation also eliminates the nonproductive NADH oxidase activity of the flavoprotein. A new assay measuring the product formation activity of the enzyme was developed using homoprotocatechuate-2,3-dioxygenase, as monitoring the oxidation of NADH was not sufficient to demonstrate enzyme activity. The coupling protein does not seem to have any redox center in it. Thus, this 2-component flavin hydroxylase resembles the other aromatic hydroxylases in that the only redox chromophore present is FAD.
Nuclear Polarization of Hydrogen Molecules from Recombination of Polarized Atoms (2001)

The nuclear polarization of H(2) molecules formed by recombination of polarized H atoms on a Cu surface was measured as a function of external magnetic field and of temperature of the surface. The proton polarization of the molecules was determined by scattering of a longitudinally polarized 203-MeV proton beam in the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility storage ring. The nuclear polarization of the molecules, relative to the polarization of the atoms before recombination, increased from near zero in a weak magnetic field to 0.42 +/- 0.02 in a 0.66 T field. A simple model of the relaxation accounts quantitatively for the observations.
Three Bacillus cereus bacteriophage endolysins are unrelated but reveal high homology to cell wall hydrolases from different bacilli (1997)

The ply genes encoding the endolysin proteins from Bacillus cereus phages Bastille, TP21, and 12826 were identified, cloned, and sequenced. The endolysins could be overproduced in Escherichia coli (up to 20% of total cellular protein), and the recombinant proteins were purified by a two-step chromatographical procedure. All three enzymes induced rapid and specific lysis of viable cells of several Bacillus species, with highest activity on B. cereus and B. thuringiensis. Ply12 and Ply21 were experimentally shown to be N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidases (EC 3.5.1.28). No apparent holin genes were found adjacent to the ply genes. However, Ply21 may be endowed with a signal peptide which could play a role in timing of cell lysis by the cytoplasmic phage endolysin. The individual lytic enzymes (PlyBa, 41.1 kDa; Ply21, 29.5 kDa, Ply12, 27.7 kDa) show remarkable heterogeneity, i.e., their amino acid sequences reveal only little homology. The N-terminal part of Ply21 was found to be almost identical to the catalytic domains of a Bacillus sp. cell wall hydrolase (CwlSP) and an autolysin of B. subtilis (CwlA). The C terminus of PlyBa contains a 77-amino-acid sequence repeat which is also homologous to the binding domain of CwlSP. Ply12 shows homology to the major autolysins from B. subtilis and E. coli. Comparison with database sequences indicated a modular organization of the phage lysis proteins where the enzymatic activity is located in the N-terminal region and the C-termini are responsible for specific recognition and binding of Bacillus peptidoglycan. We speculate that the close relationship of the phage enzymes and cell wall autolysins is based upon horizontal gene transfer among different Bacillus phages and their hosts.
High-temperature annealings of Sb and Sb/B heavily implanted silicon wafers studied by near grazing incidence fluorescence extended x-ray absorption fine structure (1996)

The local atomic environment of the Sb dopant in 2 and 5×1016 ions/cm2 implanted Si samples has been studied by near grazing incidence fluorescence extended x-ray absorption fine structure at different stages of the Sb deactivation process. The annealings were performed at high temperature (900–1000 °C) during various periods: 30 s–4 h. The Sb out-diffusion and the high percentage of Sb precipitates are put into evidence especially for Sb-only implanted samples. The comparison of the Sb and B codiffusion data with the corresponding ones obtained by the diffusion of Sb alone revealed several anomalous effects due to dopant interaction. Moreover, a simulation program including dopant precipitation and donor–acceptor pairing allows us to foresee most of the anomalous phenomena occurring in high-concentration codiffusion experiments.
Atherosclerosis and plasma and liver lipids in nine inbred strains of mice (1993)

Nine inbred strains of mice, which are progenitors of recombinant inbred sets, were evaluated for aortic lesion formation and plasma and liver lipid levels. This survey was done to determine if a semi-synthetic high-fat diet could elicit the same extent of diet-induced atherosclerosis as that observed in mice fed a natural ingredient high-fat diet and to discover strain-specific plasma and liver lipid variants for future genetic characterization. Evaluation of aortic lesions after 18 wk of diet consumption showed that strains C57BL/6J, C57L/J, SWR/J and SM/J were susceptible to atherosclerosis and that A/J, AKR/J, C3H/HeJ, DBA/2J and SJL/J were relatively resistant. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were negatively correlated to lesion formation. Susceptible strains had decreased HDL-C levels when switched from chow to the semi-synthetic high-fat, high cholesterol diet, whereas resistant strains either showed no change or a slight increase in HDL-C levels. The exception to this pattern was found in SM mice, which were susceptible to aortic lesion formation but maintained the same HDL-C level on both chow and high-fat diets. HDL size differed among the strains, and levels of plasma apolipoprotein A-I and A-II correlated with HDL-C levels. Liver damage was not correlated to HDL-C levels or to susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Mice from strain A, which are resistant to atherosclerosis, had evidence of liver damage as observed by elevated levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, by liver histology, by increased liver weight and by exceptionally high hepatic cholesterol content.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)