gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics modeling and simulation of a saucer-shaped super-pressure aircraft (2014)

In the recent years, a new concept of saucer-shaped super-pressure aircraft (S3PA) has been noted for its widespread application prospect such as stratospheric platform, low-attitude transportation especially for heavy lift, etc. Many pre-studies on these conceptual aircraft have been carried out in several countries, and various kinds of prototypes has been designed and manufactured. This paper focuses on the dynamics modeling and simulation of a prototype vehicle of S3PA, which is built by Academy of Opto-Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) dynamic model is established first. After that, particular models of forces on this prototype vehicle are focused on, while the aerodynamics and added mass difference between this type of aircraft and traditional aerostat are indicated. The gravity and buoyancy model and thrust force model are easily built. Considering there is no plane of symmetry in horizon, the aerodynamic coefficient is no longer symmetric to zero angle of attack, which is different from common vehicles. Meanwhile, in order to solve the lack of lateral CFD aerodynamic data (for sideslip angle), a new coordinate transform method is adopted for convenient of calculating aerodynamic force. The added mass estimation for this vehicle is then given based on empirical formulas. With all the models, a 6DOF dynamic model is established based on MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation in a simple trimmed condition is obtained, and preliminary cognition of flight characteristic is acquired.
SARS-CoV-2 D614G spike mutation increases entry efficiency with enhanced ACE2-binding affinity (2021)

The causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, is steadily mutating during continuous transmission among humans. Such mutations can occur in the spike (S) protein that binds to the ACE2 receptor and is cleaved by TMPRSS2. However, whether S mutations affect SARS-CoV-2 cell entry remains unknown. Here, we show that naturally occurring S mutations can reduce or enhance cell entry via ACE2 and TMPRSS2. A SARS-CoV-2 S-pseudotyped lentivirus exhibits substantially lower entry than that of SARS-CoV S. Among S variants, the D614G mutant shows the highest cell entry, as supported by structural and binding analyses. Nevertheless, the D614G mutation does not affect neutralization by antisera against prototypic viruses. Taken together, we conclude that the D614G mutation increases cell entry by acquiring higher affinity to ACE2 while maintaining neutralization susceptibility. Based on these findings, further worldwide surveillance is required to understand SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility among humans.
Generic Biocombinatorial Strategy to Select Tailor‐Made Stabilizers for Sol–Gel Nanoparticle Synthesis (2015)

A generic route for the selection of nanoparticle stabilizers via biocombinatorial means of phage display peptide screening is presented, providing magnesium fluoride nanoparticle synthesis as example. Selected sequence-specific MgF2 binders are evaluated for their adsorption behavior. Peptide-polymer conjugates derived from the best binding peptide are used for the stabilization of MgF2 sol nanoparticles, yielding fully redispersable dry states and improoving processability significantly.
Early Th1 / Th2 cell polarization in the absence of IL-4 and IL-12: T cell receptor signaling regulates the response to cytokines in CD4 and CD8 T cells (2001)

Differentiation of developing T cells into the type 1 (IFN-gamma-producing) or type 2 (IL-4-producing) subsets is a central theme of immune regulation. The balance of IL-4 and IL-12 present during T cell activation has been considered the major influence on type 1 versus type 2 development. Here we show that CD4 T cells can become biased towards type 1 or type 2 phenotypes during their initial activation in the absence of IL-4 or IL-12. This type of regulation is dependent on the balance of MAPkinase, protein kinase C, and calcineurin signaling after TCR engagement. Later maturation of Th1 or Th2 effectors is dependent on IL-12 or IL-4. However Tc1 CD8 effector development is independent of IL-12, and Tc2 cell generation requires both appropriate TCR signals and IL-4 early in effector development. Using an altered peptide ligand to stimulate TCR transgenic T cells, we show that altered signaling regulates the numbers of CD8 cells capable of developing into Tc2 effectors, and also their responsiveness to IL-4. Together, the results support a two-stage model of differentiation in which intermediate cells biased towards the type 1 or type 2 pathways after activation, are subsequently matured in response to IL-12 or IL-4, respectively.
Effect of Antisense Oligonucleotides Linked to Alkylating Agents on In Vitro Translation of Rabbit β-Globin andTypuaosomu bruceimRNAs (1991)

Abstract Antisense oligonucleotides have been used to artificially regulate the expression of numerous genes, both in vitro and in vivo (I). Studies in cell-free extracts and in micro-injected frog oocytes have shown that oligomers complementary to the coding region cannot prevent polypeptide synthesis by the elongating ribosome, unless the RNA part of the oligonucleotide/RNA hybrid is degraded by RNase-H (2,3). Consequently, oligomers targeted downstream from the AUG initiation codon that do not elicit RNase-H activity do not inhibit protein synthesis. This was demonstrated to be the case for methylphosphonate and alpha derivatives, which are resistant to degradation by nucleases (4,5).
In Response (2008)

The American Journal of Surgical Pathology: April 2008 - Volume 32 - Issue 4 - p 640-641 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31815b606d
Multiframe spatial resolution enhancement of color video (2002)

This paper focuses on the spatial resolution enhancement of a video sequence. In contrast to previous work with grayscale images and highly constrained motion, we present a technique for color video frames with general motion. The method consists of determining subpixel motion estimation between video frames and subsequently using these estimates along with the original low resolution frames to iteratively create a sequence of enhanced resolution frames. We present a novel motion estimation technique based on determining a set of candidate motion estimates per pixel. Experimental results for video sequences containing general motion are presented to verify our technique. Enhanced frames using this technique show significant improvement in both SNR and perceived visual quality over methods such as bilinear and cubic B-spline interpolation.
Childhood and adolescent hyperactivity-inattention symptoms and academic achievement 8 years later: the GAZEL Youth study (2009)

This longitudinal survey replicates, in a general population-based setting, the finding of a link between HI-s and negative academic outcomes.
Finite-precision design and implementation of all-pass polyphase networks for echo cancellation in sub-bands (2002)

All-pass polyphase networks (APN) are particularly attractive for acoustical echo cancellation (AEC) arranged in sub-bands. They provide lower inter-band aliasing, delay and computational complexity than their FIR counterparts. Moreover, APNs achieve higher echo return loss enhancement (ERLE) performance and faster convergence than full-band processing. In the paper, the finite precision implementation of APNs is addressed. A procedure is presented for re-optimising the all-pass coefficients of the prototype low-pass filter for finite precision operation. Robust finite precision implementation of a prototype low-pass filter is discussed. The results of a set of AEC experiments are reported with full and 16-bit precision implementation.
Pairfield fluctuations of a 2D Hubbard model (2019)

Abstract At temperatures above the superconducting transition temperature, the pairfield susceptibility provides information on the nature of the pairfield fluctuations. Here, we study the d -wave pairfield susceptibility of a 2D Hubbard model for a doping which has a pseudogap (PG) and for a doping which does not. In both cases, there will be a region of Kosterlitz–Thouless fluctuations as the transition at T KT is approached. Above this region, we find evidence for pairfield-order parameter-phase fluctuations for dopings with a PG and BCS Cooper pair fluctuations for dopings without a PG.
Quiet(er) marine protected areas (2015)

A core task in endangered species conservation is identifying important habitats and managing human activities to mitigate threats. Many marine organisms, from invertebrates to fish to marine mammals, use acoustic cues to find food, avoid predators, choose mates, and navigate. Ocean noise can affect animal behavior and disrupt trophic linkages. Substantial potential exists for area-based management to reduce exposure of animals to chronic ocean noise. Incorporating noise into spatial planning (e.g., critical habitat designation or marine protected areas) may improve ecological integrity and promote ecological resilience to withstand additional stressors. Previous work identified areas with high ship noise requiring mitigation. This study introduces the concept of "opportunity sites" - important habitats that experience low ship noise. Working with existing patterns in ocean noise and animal distribution will facilitate conservation gains while minimizing societal costs, by identifying opportunities to protect important wildlife habitats that happen to be quiet.
ChemInform Abstract: Zirconia: a Review of a Super Ceramic (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MCC950/CRID3 potently targets the NACHT domain of wild-type NLRP3 but not disease-associated mutants for inflammasome inhibition (2019)

The nucleotide-binding-domain (NBD)-and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing (NLR) family, pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome drives pathological inflammation in a suite of autoimmune, metabolic, malignant, and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, NLRP3 gain-of-function point mutations cause systemic periodic fever syndromes that are collectively known as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS). There is significant interest in the discovery and development of diarylsulfonylurea Cytokine Release Inhibitory Drugs (CRIDs) such as MCC950/CRID3, a potent and selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, for the treatment of CAPS and other diseases. However, drug discovery efforts have been constrained by the lack of insight into the molecular target and mechanism by which these CRIDs inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Here, we show that the NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1 (NACHT) domain of NLRP3 is the molecular target of diarylsulfonylurea inhibitors. Interestingly, we find photoaffinity labeling (PAL) of the NACHT domain requires an intact (d)ATP-binding pocket and is substantially reduced for most CAPS-associated NLRP3 mutants. In concordance with this finding, MCC950/CRID3 failed to inhibit NLRP3-driven inflammatory pathology in two mouse models of CAPS. Moreover, it abolished circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged wild-type mice but not in Nlrp3L351P knock-in mice and ex vivo-stimulated mutant macrophages. These results identify wild-type NLRP3 as the molecular target of MCC950/CRID3 and show that CAPS-related NLRP3 mutants escape efficient MCC950/CRID3 inhibition. Collectively, this work suggests that MCC950/CRID3-based therapies may effectively treat inflammation driven by wild-type NLRP3 but not CAPS-associated mutants.
ABCD (2013)

In this article, the ABCD guidelines published in the JFMS Special Issue of July 2009 (Volume 11, Issue 7, pages 527-620) are updated by including previously unavailable and novel information. For a better picture, the reader is advised to consult that issue before focusing on the novel features.
An atlas of genetic variation for linking pathogen-induced cellular traits to human disease (2017)

Summary Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with disease. To facilitate moving from associations to disease mechanisms, we leveraged the role of pathogens in shaping human evolution with the Hi-HOST Phenome Project (H2P2): a catalog of cellular GWAS comprised of 79 phenotypes in response to 8 pathogens in 528 lymphoblastoid cell lines. Seventeen loci surpass genome-wide significance (p&lt;5×10 −8 ) for phenotypes ranging from pathogen replication to cytokine production. Combining H2P2 with clinical association data from the eMERGE Network and experimental validation revealed evidence for mechanisms of action and connections with diseases. We identified a SNP near CXCL10 as a cis-cytokine-QTL and a new risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease. A SNP in ZBTB20 demonstrated pleiotropy, partially mediated through NF κ B signaling, and was associated with viral hepatitis. Data are available in an H2P2 web portal to facilitate further interpreting human genome variation through the lens of cell biology.
Combination of multiple classifiers using local accuracy estimates (1997)

This paper presents a method for combining classifiers that uses estimates of each individual classifier's local accuracy in small regions of feature space surrounding an unknown test sample. An empirical evaluation using five real data sets confirms the validity of our approach compared to some other combination of multiple classifiers algorithms. We also suggest a methodology for determining the best mix of individual classifiers.
Individualization in the Domain of the Burial, Grave and Funeral Rites: The Dissolution of the Modern Japanese Family Form (2010)

葬送領域(葬ること)において，大きなパラダイム変化が起こっている。日本の近代家族は，祖先崇拝の機能をもち続け，民法もそれを容認してきた。20世紀の末になると，少子化によって祭祀承継者(アトツギ)の確保が困難になり，祖先祭祀の機能をもち続けた日本の近代家族は解体を始める。人々は地域や家族とのつながりが希薄になって，あらゆるものが市場化・商品化するなかで，自分自身の意志によって(自己決定)によって，葬送のあり方を決めたいと思うようになった。この現象を「葬送の個人化」と呼んでおく。葬式は家族だけで行い，人の死が社会に伝えられなくなった。お墓は家族が引き継ぐものではなく，樹木葬や散骨が急速に増えてきた。他方では，貧困層ではお金がないために葬式をあげることができない人々が増えるようになった。新自由主義の展開のもとで，葬送領域でも「格差」が顕著になってきた。
Study on Thermochemical Iodine-Sulfur Cycle at JAERI (2004)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) has been conducting an R&amp;D on thermochemical water-splitting processes of Iodine-Sulfur family, which is a promising candidate of heat-utilization process of High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors. Present activity at JAERI covers the following three subjects, (a) closed-loop operation technique for stable and continuous hydrogen production by e.g. suppressing possible side reactions, (b) process improvement in terms of thermal efficiency of hydrogen production utilizing membrane technologies, and (c) selection of materials for constructing the large-scale plant mainly focusing on corrosion resistance in the representative process environments. Recent progress on these studies is briefly described.
Comprehension without segmentation: a proof of concept with naive discriminative learning (2015)

ABSTRACTCurrent theories of auditory comprehension assume that the segmentation of speech into word forms is an essential prerequisite to understanding. We present a computational model that does not seek to learn word forms, but instead decodes the experiences discriminated by the speech input. At the heart of this model is a discrimination learning network trained on full utterances. This network constitutes an atemporal long-term memory system. A fixed-width short-term memory buffer projects a constantly updated moving window over the incoming speech onto the network's input layer. In response, the memory generates temporal activation functions for each of the output units. We show that this new discriminative perspective on auditory comprehension is consistent with young infants' sensitivity to the statistical structure of the input. Simulation studies, both with artificial language and with English child-directed speech, provide a first computational proof of concept and demonstrate the importance of utterance-wide co-learning.KEYWORDS: Discriminative learningauditory comprehensionword segmentationphonotacticsRescorla–Wagner equations AcknowledgementsThis research was supported by an Alexander von Humboldt research chair awarded to the first author. The authors are indebted to Petar Milin, James Blevins, and Lotte Meteyard for many discussions of the issues raised in this article, and to Dennis Norris and two other, anonymous, reviewers for excellent critical discussion.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. Note that we associate the modifier polka-dot with three different lexomes. When a particular lexome is experienced especially frequently (e.g. in a series such as polka-dot dress, polka-dot shirt, polka-dot pants, etc.), it will acquire stronger associations during learning, and hence will dominate understanding. This is how our approach explains the experimental results that CARIN theory (Gagné, Citation2001; Gagné & Shoben, Citation1997) accounts for by means of abstract decontextualised concepts (such as "polka dot") and an associated probability distribution over a set of abstract conceptual relations.2. Milin et al. (Citation2015) report a computational modelling study in which a Rescorla–Wagner network was trained on 4.8 million utterances (subtitles accompanying movie scenes) from an English subtitle corpus. With only a year's worth of reading experience (some 22 million word tokens, 84,000 types) the model correctly predicted the highest activations for all lexomes in an utterance for 65% of the utterances.
Synthesis, characterization and theoretical calculations of model compounds of silanols catalyzed by TEMPO to elucidate the presence of Si–O–Si and Si–O–N bonds (2015)

We report the results from the reactions of 1-phenylethanol, 2-methylpropanol, trimethylsilanol and triphenylsilanol with TEMPO, OH-TEMPO and Br-TEMPO salt at different reaction conditions to obtain model functionalized compounds.
Data from Metastatic Melanoma Patient–Derived Xenografts Respond to MDM2 Inhibition as a Single Agent or in Combination with BRAF/MEK Inhibition (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Over 60% of patients with melanoma respond to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, but many subsequently progress on these therapies. Second-line targeted therapy is based on &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt; mutation status, but no available agents are available for &lt;i&gt;NRAS, NF1, CDKN2A, PTEN&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;TP53&lt;/i&gt; mutations. Over 70% of melanoma tumors have activation of the MAPK pathway due to &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;NRAS&lt;/i&gt; mutations, while loss or mutation of &lt;i&gt;CDKN2A&lt;/i&gt; occurs in approximately 40% of melanomas, resulting in unregulated MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of over-riding MDM2-mediated degradation of p53 in melanoma with an MDM2 inhibitor that interrupts MDM2 ubiquitination of p53, treating tumor-bearing mice with the MDM2 inhibitor alone or combined with MAPK-targeted therapy.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;To characterize the ability of the MDM2 antagonist, KRT-232, to inhibit tumor growth, we established patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from 15 patients with melanoma. Mice were treated with KRT-232 or a combination with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. Tumor growth, gene mutation status, as well as protein and protein–phosphoprotein changes, were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;One-hundred percent of the 15 PDX tumors exhibited significant growth inhibition either in response to KRT-232 alone or in combination with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. Only &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600WT&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; tumors responded to KRT-232 treatment alone while &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600E/M&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; PDXs exhibited a synergistic response to the combination of KRT-232 and BRAF/MEK inhibitors.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;KRT-232 is an effective therapy for the treatment of either &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; or PAN&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;WT&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;i&gt;(BRAF&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;, NRAS&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;) TP53&lt;sup&gt;WT&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; melanomas. In combination with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors, KRT-232 may be an effective treatment strategy for BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
<title>Modular diffuse reflection and fluorescence emission imaging colorimeter for the in-vivo study of parameters related to the phototoxic effect in PDT</title> (1997)

The biological response to PDT depends on the photosensitizer accumulation to the malignant cells, the tumor vasculature, the inherent cell sensitivity to the photodynamic effect, etc. The in-vivo measurement of physical parameters related with these factors can serve in the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the cell death, as well as in the optimization of the treatment procedure. In this paper we demonstrate a modular diffuse reflection and fluorescence emission imaging colorimeter. We have used it for the in-vivo on-line quantitative measurement and mapping the time course fluorescence intensity after ALA application and for the tissue color changes associated with the erythema developed during irradiation. Based on the obtained quantitative data, we investigate the correlation between the photosensitizer accumulation before light irradiation and the hemodynamic changes, revealed as erythema development, occurring during light irradiation. Their relative significance as predicting factors for the photodynamic treatment effectiveness is also evaluated.
Forming Scatternets from Bluetooth Personal Area Networks (2001)

There is increasing interest in wireless ad hoc networks built from portable devices equipped with short-range wireless network interfaces. This paper addresses issues related to internetworking such networks to form larger ÔøΩscatternets.ÔøΩ Within the constraints imposed by the emerging standard Bluetooth link layer and MAC protocol, we describe an efficient online topology formation algorithm, called TSF (Tree Scatternet Formation) to build scatternets. TSF connects nodes in a tree structure that simplifies packet routing and scheduling. The design allows nodes to arrive and leave arbitrarily, incrementally building the topology and healing partitions when they occur. We present simulation results that show that TSF has low tree formation latency and also generates an efficient topology for forwarding packets.
Effect of super dosing of phytase on growth performance, ileal digestibility and bone characteristics in broilers fed corn–soya‐based diets (2015)

A feeding trial was designed to assess the effect of super dosing of phytase in corn-soya-based diets of broiler chicken. One hundred and sixty-eight day-old broilers were selected and randomly allocated to four dietary treatment groups, with 6 replicates having 7 chicks per treatment group. Two-phased diets were used. The starter and finisher diet was fed from 0 to 3 weeks and 4 to 5 weeks of age respectively. The dietary treatments were consisted of normal phosphorus (NP) group without any phytase enzyme (4.5 g/kg available/non-phytin phosphorus (P) during starter and 4.0 g/kg during finisher phase), three low-phosphorus (LP) groups (3.2 g/kg available/non-phytin P during starter and 2.8 g/kg during finisher phase) supplemented with phytase at 500, 2500, 5000 FTU/kg diet, respectively, to full fill their phosphorus requirements. The results showed that super doses of phytase (at 2500 FTU and 5000 FTU/kg) on low-phosphorus diet improved feed intake, body weight gain, ileal digestibility (serine, aspartic acid, calcium, phosphorus), blood P levels and bone minerals such as calcium (Ca), P, magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) content. It could be concluded that super doses of phytase in low-phosphorus diet were beneficial than the normal standard dose (at 500 FTU/kg) of phytase in diet of broiler chicken.