gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Breast Reconstruction with the DIEP Flap or the Muscle-Sparing (MS-2) Free TRAM Flap: Is There a Difference? (2005)

The advantages of breast reconstruction using the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and the muscle-sparing free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap (MS-2) are well recognized. Both techniques optimize abdominal function by maintaining the vascularity, innervation, and continuity of the rectus abdominis muscle. The purpose of this study was to compare these two methods of breast reconstruction and determine whether there is a difference in outcome. The study considered 177 women who have had breast reconstruction using muscle-sparing flaps over a 4-year period. This includes 89 women who had an MS-2 free TRAM flap procedure, of which 65 were unilateral and 24 were bilateral, and 88 women who had a DIEP flap procedure, of which 66 were unilateral and 22 were bilateral. The total number of flaps was 223. Mean follow-up was 23 months (range, 3 to 49 months). For all MS-2 free TRAM flaps (n = 113), outcome included fat necrosis in eight (7.1 percent), venous congestion in three (2.7 percent), and total necrosis in two (1.8 percent). For the women who had an MS-2 free TRAM flap, an abdominal bulge occurred in three women (4.6 percent) after unilateral reconstruction and in five women (21 percent) after bilateral reconstruction. The ability to perform sit-ups was noted in 63 women (97 percent) after unilateral reconstruction and 20 women (83 percent) after bilateral reconstruction. For all DIEP flaps (n = 110), outcome included fat necrosis in seven (6.4 percent), venous congestion in five (4.5 percent), and total necrosis in three (2.7 percent) patients. For the women who had DIEP flap reconstruction, an abdominal bulge occurred in one woman (1.5 percent) after unilateral reconstruction and in one woman (4.5 percent) after bilateral reconstruction. The ability to perform sit-ups was noted in all women after unilateral reconstruction and in 21 women (95 percent) after bilateral reconstruction. These results demonstrate that there are no significant differences in fat necrosis, venous congestion, or flap necrosis after DIEP or MS-2 free TRAM flap reconstruction. The percentage of women who are able to perform sit-ups and the percentage of women who did not develop a postoperative abdominal bulge is increased after DIEP flap reconstruction; however, this difference is not statistically significant.
Subdivision Schemes for Thin Plate Splines (1998)

Thin plate splines are a well known entity of geometric design. They are defined as the minimizer of a variational problem whose differential operators approximate a simple notion of bending energy. Therefore, thin plate splines approximate surfaces with minimal bending energy and they are widely considered as the standard "fair" surface model. Such surfaces are desired for many modeling and design applications. Traditionally, the way to construct such surfaces is to solve the associated variational problem using finite elements or by using analytic solutions based on radial basis functions. This paper presents a novel approach for defining and computing thin plate splines using subdivision methods. We present two methods for the construction of thin plate splines based on subdivision: A globally supported subdivision scheme which exactly minimizes the energy functional as well as a family of strictly local subdivision schemes which only utilize a small, finite number of distinct subdivision rules and approximately solve the variational problem. A tradeoff between the accuracy of the approximation and the locality of the subdivision scheme is used to pick a particular member of this family of subdivision schemes. Later, we show applications of these approximating subdivision schemes to scattered data interpolation and the design of fair surfaces. In particular we suggest an efficient methodology for finding control points for the local subdivision scheme that will lead to an interpolating limit surface and demonstrate how the schemes can be used for the effective and efficient design of fair surfaces.
Cryo-thermal therapy inducing MI macrophage polarization created CXCL10 and IL-6-rich pro-inflammatory environment for CD4+T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity (2019)

<b>Purpose:</b> We previously developed a novel cryo-thermal therapy to treat malignant mammary carcinoma and melanoma in a mouse model; long-term survival and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell orchestrating anti-tumor immune memory response were achieved. Moreover, cryo-thermal-induced CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell differentiation into Th1 and CD4<sup>+</sup>CTL sub-lineages, in which M1 macrophage polarization played a direct, important role. In particular, cryo-thermal therapy triggered M1 macrophage polarization with up-regulated expression of C–X–C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6). But whether CXCL10 and IL-6 contribute to CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity remains unclear. In this study, the role of cryo-thermal-induced CXCL10 and IL-6 in anti-tumor immunity was determined. <b>Methods:</b> The level of CXCL10 and IL-6 in spleen and serum was determined by RT-PCR and ELISA on day 14 after cryo-thermal therapy. Splenic dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages were isolated from cryo-thermal-treated mice on day 5 and 14, and the level of CXCL10 and IL-6 in macrophages and DCs was determined by ELISA. The transwell migration assay was performed to study immune cell migration. <i>In vivo</i> neutralization of CXCL10 or IL-6 was performed to investigate the phenotypic changes of immune cells. <b>Results:</b> Cryo-thermal therapy induced M1 macrophage polarization with up-regulation of CXCL10 and IL-6 expression in spleen. CXCL10 and IL-6 promoted DCs migration and maturation, and subsequently promoted CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell migration and differentiation into Th1 and CD4<sup>+</sup> CTL, moreover, reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulation. <b>Conclusions:</b> Cryo-thermal-induced CXCL10 and IL-6 created acute inflammatory environment to initiate a systemically cascading innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity, which was more permissive for tumor eradication.
Total Synthesis of Macquarimicins Using an Intramolecular Diels−Alder Approach Inspired by a Biosynthetic Pathway (2004)

A total synthesis of the macquarimicins A-C (1-3), novel natural products with intriguing tetra- or pentacyclic frameworks, has been achieved. The synthesis features an extensive investigation of the biosynthesis-based intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) reactions of (E,Z,E)-1,6,8-nonatrienes. Considering possible biosynthetic sequences, four types of substrates were synthesized, and their IMDA reactions were examined. From one of the four substrates, the total synthesis was achieved via a transannular Diels-Alder reaction, which led to the stereoselective construction of the unique molecular framework. The convergent and efficient synthetic pathway afforded (+)-1 in 27 linear steps with 4.3% and 9.9% overall yields from readily available ethyl (2E,4S)-4,5-(isopropylidene)dioxy-2-pentenoate (22) and (R)-epichlorohydrin (30), respectively. Furthermore, efficient syntheses of 2, 3, and the 9-epi-cochleamycins A (57) and B (58) were accomplished. Additionally, the present work established the absolute stereochemistry of macquarimicins and revised the C(2)--C(3) geometry of 1.
Towards Simulating a Virtual Distributed Honeynet at KFUPM: A Case Study (2010)

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in information protection and security for large organizations. This has led to a growing demand for more aggressive forms of security to complement the existing techniques. One of these security methods involves the use of distributed honey nets. Honey nets are network systems deployed for the sole purpose of being compromised, in order to assess adversaries. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey for implementing distributed honey nets and explain their architecture and design. We also present our experience in simulating a virtual distributed honey net environment at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) using Honey wall CDROM, Snort and Sebek tools. Our experience shows that Honey wall CDROM proved to be a solid tool that is capable of capturing great deal of information and assisting in analyzing traffic on the distributed honey pots. The honey net designer, nevertheless, needs to consider few issues related to scalability and resource utilization.
Asymmetry of Shufflon-specific Recombination Sites in Plasmid R64 Inhibits Recombination between Direct sfx Sequences (2006)

The shufflon of plasmid R64 consists of four DNA segments separated and flanked by seven sfx recombination sites. Rci-mediated recombination between any inverted sfx sequences causes inversion of the DNA segments independently or in groups. The R64 shufflon selects one of seven pilV genes encoding type IV pilus adhesins, in which the N-terminal region is constant, while the C-terminal regions are variable. The R64 sfx sequences are asymmetric. The sfx central region and right arm sequences are conserved, but left arm sequences are not. Here we constructed a symmetric sfx sequence, in which the sfx left arm sequence was changed to the inverted repeat of the right arm sequence and made artificial shufflon segments carrying symmetric sfx sequences in inverted or direct orientations. The symmetric sfx sequence exhibited the highest inversion frequency in a shufflon segment flanked by two inverted sfx sequences. Rci-dependent deletion of a shufflon segment flanked by two direct symmetric sfx sequences was observed, suggesting that asymmetry of R64 sfx sequences inhibits recombination between direct sfx sequences. In addition, intermolecular recombination between symmetric sfx sequences was also observed. The extra C-terminal domain of Rci was shown to be essential for inversion of the R64 shufflon using asymmetric sfx sequences but not essential for recombination using symmetric sfx sequences, suggesting that the Rci C-terminal segment helps the binding of Rci to asymmetric sfx sequences. Rci protein lacking the C-terminal domain bound to both arms of symmetric sfx sequence but only to the right arm of asymmetric sfx sequence.
APOE Genotype and Nonrespiratory Sleep Parameters in Cognitively Intact Older Adults (2017)

Self-reported sleep duration, napping, and trouble falling/staying asleep differ by APOE genotype. Studies are needed to examine whether APOE promotes AD by degrading sleep and to clarify the role of race in these associations.
Psychological resistance to insulin therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes: mixed‐method systematic review (2011)

Psychological resistance to insulin therapy can result from a range of personal viewpoints involving cognitive appraisal and/or emotional reactions.
Piezoelectric scattering of carriers from confined acoustic modes in cylindrical quantum wires (1993)

Confined acoustic modes are derived for a free-standing nanometer-scale cylindrical polar semiconductor quantum wire. The piezoelectric scattering Hamiltonian is calculated for the interaction of charge carriers with the lowest-order azimuthally symmetric torsional modes in such nanometer-scale quantum wires.
Untangling the Industry- University- Research Institute Innovation Network: Formation, Development and Performance Measurement (2015)

The Industry-University-Research institute (I-U-R) innovation network has attracted academic researchers’ interest increasingly. However, there is little research investigate the I-U-R innovation network from the perspective of network development. To fill this gap, the present article reviews the researches on the I-U-R innovation network, mainly focusing on the three aspects: the collaboration patterns, the development and its influence factors, and performance measurement. Literature analysis shows that researches on I-U-R innovation network mostly concentrated on the joint R&amp;amp;D activities and joint patenting activities. The development process of I-U-R innovation network was influenced by some factors, including the regional factors, government policy and organizational attributions of cooperators and so on. On evaluating the innovation performance, most of current researches investigated the measurable performance of firm, while the personal knowledge exchange effect and innovation performance of university or research institute were less to be studied in empirical studies. Finally, the current researches have been summarized and some potential directions have been proposed for further study.
Noninvasive Inference of Airway Network Geometry From Broadband Lung Reflection Data (1978)

An inference of the summed cross-sectional area of the airway network of the lung as a function of distance from the airway opening can be obtained noninvasively by inversion of high-frequency reflection response data with the Ware-Aki algorithm. This method is critically evaluated. The response of branching models of the complete tracheo-bronchial tree are simulated and inverted to produce an area versus distance inference. The models incorporate branching asymmetry, nonrigid walls, and a viscous gas. Direct comparison of the area inference with the anatomic area of the model indicates that the inference is markedly influenced by nonrigidity of the airway walls and branching asymmetry, and that the inference does not possess a simple anatomic correlate. Empirical uses of the inference method are not precluded.
Post-synaptic density-95 promotes calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-mediated Ser847 phosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (2003)

Post-synaptic density-95 (PSD-95) is a neuronal scaffolding protein that associates with N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and links them to intracellular signalling molecules. In neurons, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) binds selectively to the second PDZ domain (PDZ2) of PSD-95, thereby exhibiting physiological activation triggered via NMDA receptors. We have demonstrated previously that Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha (CaM-K IIalpha) directly phosphorylates nNOS at residue Ser(847), and can attenuate the catalytic activity of the enzyme in neuronal cells [Komeima, Hayashi, Naito and Watanabe (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 28139-28143]. In the present study, we examined how CaM-K II participates in the phosphorylation by analysing the functional interaction between nNOS and PSD-95 in cells. The results showed that PSD-95 directly promotes the nNOS phosphorylation at Ser(847) induced by endogenous CaM-K II. In transfected cells, this effect of PSD-95 required its dual palmitoylation and the PDZ2 domain, but did not rely on its guanylate kinase domain. CaM-K Ialpha and CaM-K IV failed to phosphorylate nNOS at Ser(847) in transfected cells. Thus PSD-95 mediates cellular trafficking of nNOS, and may be required for the efficient phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser(847) by CaM-K II in neuronal cells.
Flow cytometry studies of intracellular adriamycin in multicell spheroids in vitro. (1981)

A marked gradient of Adriamycin uptake in cells of tissue-like multicell spheroids in vitro has been demonstrated by fluorescence photomicroscopy and flow microfluorimetry techniques. As expected, this gradient led to an increased net survival for cells from Adriamycin-treated spheroids relative to monolayers and markedly greater clonogenicity of central spheroid cells than external cells selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Growth of cells as spheroids seemed to impart an additional degree of drug resistance relative to cells grown as monolayers, in that equal toxicity required greater intracellular fluorescence (and thus more Adriamycin) for the spheroid cells. The flow cytometry techniques thus provide a mechanism for quantification of Adriamycin penetration into spheroids and provide a method for selection of cells from various depths within the spheroid.
Mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase: a control enzyme in ketogenesis (1999)

Cytosolic and mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) synthases were first recognized as different chemical entities in 1975, when they were purified and characterized by Lane's group. Since then, the two enzymes have been studied extensively, one as a control site of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway and the other as an important control site of ketogenesis. This review describes some key developments over the last 25 years that have led to our current understanding of the physiology of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase in the HMG-CoA pathway and in ketogenesis in the liver and small intestine of suckling animals. The enzyme is regulated by two systems: succinylation and desuccinylation in the short term, and transcriptional regulation in the long term. Both control mechanisms are influenced by nutritional and hormonal factors, which explains the incidence of ketogenesis in diabetes and starvation, during intense lipolysis, and in the foetal-neonatal and suckling-weaning transitions. The DNA-binding properties of the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor and other transcription factors on the nuclear-receptor-responsive element of the mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase promoter have revealed how ketogenesis can be regulated by fatty acids. Finally, the expression of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase in the gonads and the correction of auxotrophy for mevalonate in cells deficient in cytosolic HMG-CoA synthase suggest that the mitochondrial enzyme may play a role in cholesterogenesis in gonadal and other tissues.
250: C-FOS Functions as a Pro-Apoptotic Agent by Repressing Transcription of c-FLIP(L) (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 21, 2006, 9:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2006250: C-FOS Functions as a Pro-Apoptotic Agent by Repressing Transcription of c-FLIP(L) Aria F. Olumi, Xiaoping Zhang, Hongmei Yang, William C. DeWolf, and Roya Khosravi-Far Aria F. OlumiAria F. Olumi More articles by this author , Xiaoping ZhangXiaoping Zhang More articles by this author , Hongmei YangHongmei Yang More articles by this author , William C. DeWolfWilliam C. DeWolf More articles by this author , and Roya Khosravi-FarRoya Khosravi-Far More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32517-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "250: C-FOS Functions as a Pro-Apoptotic Agent by Repressing Transcription of c-FLIP(L)." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 83 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 83 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Aria F. Olumi More articles by this author Xiaoping Zhang More articles by this author Hongmei Yang More articles by this author William C. DeWolf More articles by this author Roya Khosravi-Far More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Temporal soliton locked in a micro-resonator pumped by a diode laser without an amplifier (2018)

A single-soliton state is generated in a micro-resonator using a customized low-noise diode laser. This demonstration greatly simplifies the soliton generation setup and represents a significant step forward to a fully integrated soliton comb system.
On-road approaching motorcycle detection and tracking techniques: A survey (2013)

Driver Assistance System (DAS) plays a vital and promising role in most intelligent vehicles technologies by alerting the motorists about any possible collision. In such systems robustness, reliability and real-time detection are critical. This paper focused on on-road detection of approaching motorcycles, where sensor is preferably attached on the rear side of vehicle. More attention is given to the applicability of methods and technologies on motorcycle detection and recognition, as motorcycles are smaller and harder to be noticed by vehicle driver. First we discuss the problem of on-road motorcycle detection using different sensors followed by review of motorcycle detection research. Then, we discuss types of sensor to set the stage for vision-based motorcycle detection. Methods used for hypothesis generation (HG) and hypothesis verification (HV) are mentioned before the integration of detection and tracking systems. Finally, we present a critical overview of the methods discussed and assess the potential of these methodologies for the future research and applications.
Current Trends on Network Security (2004)

The current situation of network security and some measures for its improvement are presented. At first, some statistical data and profiles of network attacks are described with technical background, followed by some of basic counter measures for network attacks. The activities of Japanese government in the area are also mentioned briefly.
Identification of IDO-Positive and IDO-Negative Human Dendritic Cells after Activation by Various Proinflammatory Stimuli (2011)

Dendritic cells (DCs) can induce tolerance or immunity. We identified and characterized an IDO-expressing and an IDO-negative human DC population after stimulation by various proinflammatory stimuli. IDO expression was strongly dependent on the maturation status of the cells (CD83-positive cells only). The two DC subpopulations remained IDO positive and IDO negative, respectively, over a time period of at least 48 h. IDO enzyme activity of human DCs was highest during stimulation by strongly maturation-inducing TLR ligands such as highly purified LPS (TLR4 ligand) or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (TLR3 ligand); factors of the adaptive immune system such as IFN-γ, a mixture of cytokines, and IFN-α had lesser stimulatory capacity for IDO induction and activity. After stimulation with CD40L, IDO-positive DCs expressed significantly increased levels of B7 family molecules such as CD40, CD80, CD86, ICOS ligand, as well as PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC) compared with the IDO-negative DC subset. At the same time, the inhibitory receptors Ig-like transcripts 3 and 4 were significantly downregulated on IDO-positive cells. Functionally, IDO-positive DCs produced significantly more IL-1β and IL-15 and less IL-10 and IL-6 than the IDO-negative subset after CD40L stimulation. These results show that IDO expression is associated with a distinctive phenotype and functional capacity in mature DCs. It seems likely that the IDO-positive DC subset possesses a regulatory function and might skew a T cell response toward tolerance.