gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of data access layer based on design pattern (2010)

The web system exists different data sources to access, and each data source has specific access ways. According to design patterns and Open-Closed Principle, data access layer is designed that connects business layer to access data layer. The data access layer is realized by factory method and reflection mechanism. In the factory method, reflection mechanism is used to read key-value pairs of the configuration file, and data access class instance is dynamically generated so that the system has a better general performance, scalability and maintainability.
Dimethyl Fumarate ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension and lung fibrosis by targeting multiple pathways (2017)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal condition for which there is no cure. Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) is an FDA approved anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agent with a favorable safety record. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of DMF as a therapy for PAH using patient-derived cells and murine models. We show that DMF treatment is effective in reversing hemodynamic changes, reducing inflammation, oxidative damage, and fibrosis in the experimental models of PAH and lung fibrosis. Our findings indicate that effects of DMF are facilitated by inhibiting pro-inflammatory NFκB, STAT3 and cJUN signaling, as well as βTRCP-dependent degradation of the pro-fibrogenic mediators Sp1, TAZ and β-catenin. These results provide a novel insight into the mechanism of its action. Collectively, preclinical results demonstrate beneficial effects of DMF on key molecular pathways contributing to PAH, and support its testing in PAH treatment in patients.
Organic-Functionalized Pure-Silica-Zeolite MFI Low-k Films (2005)

For all of the inorganic porous spin-on low-k films being developed today, a post-spin-on hydrophobic treatment is needed to reduce their moisture sensitivity. In the present work, we demonstrate that, for pure-silica-zeolite MFI spin-on low-k films, this extra hydrophobic treatment step can be potentially eliminated by using organic-functionalized pure-silica-zeolite MFI (OF PSZ MFI) nanoparticle suspension. Specifically, methyltrimethoxysilane was simply added to the synthesis solution for a PSZ MFI nanoparticle suspension that contains tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, ethanol, and water. This approach takes advantage of the hydrophobic methyl groups in the zeolite nanocrystal framework as well as in amorphous silica in the low-k film. The improvement of the hydrophobicity of the spin-on film from this OF PSZ MFI nanoparticle suspension was demonstrated by the higher water contact angle of the film and less moisture sensitivity of the k value in an ambient atmosphere.
Hierarchical structures in AB/AC type diblock-copolymer blend particles (2010)

This paper describes the first preparation of diblock-copolymer blend particles with hierarchical inner structures. AB/AC type diblock-copolymer blend particles were successfully prepared by a simple solvent evaporation method. The inner phase separation structures can be controlled by changing the molecular weight combinations of common polymer segments. Furthermore, the one-to-one blend of two diblock-copolymers formed Janus particles with two different domains of microphase separation. Pd ions were successfully introduced into the particles with the onion-like structure. These organic-inorganic composite particles can be used as a novel class of nanomaterials applicable to photonics and electronics.
Localization of nucleocapsid (NP) antigenic sites by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against the recombinant NP of Newcastle disease virus (2007)

Three different NP antigenic sites were identified using deleted truncated
NP mutants purified from Escherichia coli. One of the antigenic sites was located within
amino acids 441 to 489 of C-terminal. Two other antigenic sites located within the Nterminal
of NP protein from amino acids 26 to 121 and 122 to 375 residues. Identification
of NP antigenic sites not only elucidates the NP sequences that are responsible in eliciting
immune response, indirectly it also revealed which sequences are exposed on the NP
herringbone-like structure.
Effect of Increased Renal Venous Pressure on Circulatory "Autoregulation" of Isolated Dog Kidneys (1959)

The results demonstrate that autoregulation is primarily dependent on the arteriovenous pressure difference and that it is diminished or abolished when this pressure is lower than approximately 90 mm. Hg. it is suggested that in the kidney the arteriovenous pressure gradient is probably close to the true distending pressure (i.e., the transmural pressure) of the intraparenchymal renal arteries and arterioles, It is concluded that renal autoregulation is due to an active response of the muscular coats of the renal arteries and arterioles to changes in transmural pressure.
Ambiguities in Direct Arrival Time Inversion for Ocean Bottom Nodes (2012)

We formulate an inverse problem to refine ocean bottom node locations, node clock drift, water velocity, and source positions. All quantities are sought simultaneously. For water velocity we seek a time dependent perturbation from a fixed background profile. Drift of a node’s clock is taken to be the sum of linear and quadratic terms. While source depths are assumed known, node depths on the seabed are not. Our objective is to investigate ambiguities in the solution to the problem when the only data available are arrival times of direct waves. For this purpose we generate data for a small synthetic node survey and solve using the singular value decomposition. We find, not surprisingly, that translation and rotation of all positions have no effect on the data. An additional, unanticipated, ambiguity is expansion or contraction of the survey geometry accompanied by increase or decrease in water velocity. We find also that determination of the individual drift terms is sensitive to noise, though total drift is more accurately obtained.
The advancing identification and classification of Rhizoctonia spp. using molecular and biotechnological methods compared with the classical anastomosis grouping (2006)

Anamorphic classification of Rhizoctonia spp. has been based on young cell nuclear numbers and hyphal fusion to anastomosis groups (AGs), in addition to the teleomorph classification. The widespread development of molecular biology techniques has added modern tools to support classification of organisms according to their genetics and evolutionary processes. These various methods have also been used in recent years for classification of Rhizoctonia. Data are continuously accumulating in the literature and the sequences in databases, which are readily available for researchers in the network systems. In the present review, attempts were made to describe and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods for the classification of Rhizoctonia spp. Currently, the rDNAinternal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis seems to be the most appropriate method for classification of Rhizoctonia spp. Data of all the appropriate multinucleate Rhizoctonia (MNR) accumulated in GenBank were analyzed together in neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximumparsimony (MP) trees supplemented with percent sequence similarity within and among AGs and subgroups. Generally, the clusters of the isolate sequences were supportive of the AGs and subgroups based on hyphal fusion anastomosis. The review also indicates inaccuracies in designation of sequences of some isolates deposited in GenBank. The review includes detailed analyses of the MNR groups and subgroups, whereas complementary descriptions of the binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR), uninucleate Rhizoctonia (UNR), and comprehensive interrelationships among all the currently available MNR, BNR, and UNR groups and subgroups in GenBank are to be discussed in a subsequent review article.
Thematic review series: The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. An interpretive history of the cholesterol controversy, part V: The discovery of the statins and the end of the controversy (2006)

The first four reviews in this series (Steinberg, D. 2004. J. Lipid Res. 45: 1583-1593; Steinberg, D. 2005. J. Lipid Res. 46: 179-190; Steinberg, D. 2005. J. Lipid Res. 46: 2037-2051; Steinberg, D. 2006. J. Lipid Res. 47: 1-14) traced the gradual accumulation of evidence, evidence of several different kinds, supporting the lipid hypothesis. They tracked the history from Anitschkow's 1913 classic work on the cholesterol-fed rabbit model to the breakthrough 1984 Coronary Primary Prevention Trial, the first large, randomized, double-blind primary intervention trial showing that decreasing blood cholesterol (using cholestyramine) significantly reduces coronary heart disease events. At that point, for the first time, decreasing blood cholesterol levels became an official national public health goal. Still, only a small fraction of patients at high risk were getting appropriate cholesterol-lowering treatment, and a number of important clinical questions remained unanswered. This final review in the series traces the early studies that led to the discovery of the statins and briefly reviews the now familiar large-scale clinical trials demonstrating their safety and their remarkable effectiveness in reducing coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality.
High Temperature Acoustic Wave Gas Sensor Using Langasite Crystal Resonator (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements
Wicking Properties of Men’s Quick-Dry Sportswear (2020)

In this study, the quick dry properties of summer men’s T-shirts of different brands (Nike, Adidas, Laishilong and Columbia) in Hong Kong market were explored by analyzing the wicking behavior. Laishilong was found to be the best sample in terms of vertical wicking for both short and long period. For the Nike fabrics, the wicking rate in courses direction was better than that in wales direction, whereas the vertical wicking of front body for Adidas was better than the back body. By contrast, Columbia performed the poorest in terms of vertical wicking for long period. With the help of this study, the general wicking properties of men’s quick-dry sportswear in the market can be compared which provide some idea to the consumer for product selection.
Notes - Bromination of β-Phenylglutaric Acid (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Bromination of β-Phenylglutaric AcidW. Smith, Jr. and P. KadabaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 6, 704Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1956Publication History Published online4 March 2003Published inissue 1 June 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01112a614https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01112a614research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microfabricated Centrifugal Microfluidic Systems:  Characterization and Multiple Enzymatic Assays (1999)

This paper describes a microfluidic system in which fluids are pumped by centrifugal force through microscopic channels defined in a plastic disk in order to perform complex analytical processes. The channels are created either by casting poly(dimethylsiloxane) against molds fabricated by photolithography or by conventional machining of poly(methyl methyacrylate). The channels have a wide range of diameters (5 μm−0.5 mm) and depths (16 μm−3 mm). Fluids are loaded into reservoirs near the center of the disk, the disk is rotated on the shaft of a simple motor at 60−3000 rpm, and the fluids are pumped outward by centrifugal force through microfluidic networks. The control of flow in the time domain, i.e., gating, is achieved by the use of passive valves based on capillary forces. Flow rates ranging from 5 nL/s to >0.1 mL/s have been achieved using channels of different dimensions and different rates of rotation. The method of pumping is insensitive to many physicochemical properties of the liquid, such as pH and ionic strength, so it has been possible to pump biological fluids, such as blood and urine, a buffer containing a detergent, and some organic solvents. A system that performs multiple (48) enzymatic assays simultaneously using colorimetric detection on a dedicated instrument has been demonstrated. These integrated assays have been used both to yield the Michaelis constant (Km) of an enzyme and to determine the dose response of an enzyme to a drug. The fluid pumping and control embodied in this system may be readily integrated with other analytical components (e.g., heating, detection, and informatics) to form the basis for a microscale total analysis system for use in genomics, proteomics, high-throughput screening, and molecular diagnostics.
The c- myc Insulator Element and Matrix Attachment Regions Definethe c- myc ChromosomalDomain (2003)

Insulator elements and matrix attachment regions are essential for the organization of genetic information within the nucleus. By comparing the pattern of histone modifications at the mouse and human c-myc alleles, we identified an evolutionarily conserved boundary at which the c-myc transcription unit is separated from the flanking condensed chromatin enriched in lysine 9-methylated histone H3. This region harbors the c-myc insulator element (MINE), which contains at least two physically separable, functional activities: enhancer-blocking activity and barrier activity. The enhancer-blocking activity is mediated by CTCF. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that CTCF is constitutively bound at the insulator and at the promoter region independent of the transcriptional status of c-myc. This result supports an architectural role of CTCF rather than a regulatory role in transcription. An additional higher-order nuclear organization of the c-myc locus is provided by matrix attachment regions (MARs) that define a domain larger than 160 kb. The MARs of the c-myc domain do not act to prevent the association of flanking regions with lysine 9-methylated histones, suggesting that they do not function as barrier elements.
Stochastic Error Modeling of Smartphone Inertial Sensors for Navigation in Varying Dynamic Conditions (2018)

This paper aims at investigating and analyzing the behavior of Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) inertial sensors stochastic errors in both static and varying dynamic conditions using two MEMSbased Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) of two different smartphones. The corresponding stochastic error processes were estimated using two different methods, the Allan Variance (AV) and the Generalized Method of Wavelets Moments (GMWM). The developed model parameters related to laboratory dynamic environment are compared to those obtained under static conditions. A contamination test was applied to all data sets to distinguish between clean and corrupted ones using a Confidence Interval (CI) investigation approach. A detailed analysis is presented to define the link between the error model parameters and the augmented dynamics of the tested smartphone platform. The paper proposes a new dynamically dependent integrated navigation algorithm which is capable of switching between different stochastic error parameters values according to the platform dynamics to eliminate dynamics-dependent effects. Finally, the performance of different stochastic models based on AV and GMWM were analyzed using simulated Inertial Navigation System (INS)/Global Positioning System (GPS) data with induced GPS signal outages through the new proposed dynamically dependent algorithm. The results showed that the obtained position accuracy is improved when using dynamic-dependent stochastic error models, through the adaptive integrated algorithm, instead of the commonly used static one, through the non-adaptive integrated one. The results also show that the stochastic error models from GMWM-based model structure offer better performance than those estimated from the AV-based model.
ChemInform Abstract: CYP17 Inhibitors. Annulations of Additional Rings in Methylene Imidazole Substituted Biphenyls: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Four branch diversity measurements at 1.7 GHz for indoor wireless communications (2003)

Wireless communication systems must operate in buildings where multipath propagation and the dynamic environment create severe signal fading which necessitates the use of diversity techniques. The authors directly compare three techniques at 1.75 GHz based on envelope fading measurements in a university building using a 4-branch receiver. The variations of the envelope fading distributions with and without diversity are measured during numerous one minute intervals and the effect on the average error rate performance of differential phase shift keying modulation (DPSK) is presented. Results based on cumulative distribution functions indicate that the difference between the worst case envelope fading and the average statistics over all measurements is significant. The results suggest that variations in envelope fading statistics and diversity performance should be considered in a worst case link design and that 2 and 4-branch diversity is effective under this worst case fading.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Welding of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy by YAG Laser/ TIG Arc Hybrid Welding Process (2004)

Recently, magnesium alloy is in the limelight as ECological material with high ability of recycling and lightweight property. Especially, because of outstanding properties as a structural material, the magnesium alloy is in great demand. Under these circumstances, the technical researches and developments of welding process for magnesium alloy welding have great significance to expand industrial application of magnesium. In magnesium alloy welding, arc welding process is generally used. However, heat input by the welding arc affects the magnesium alloy plates, and as the result it makes wide heat affected zone and large distortion of the welded joint. As one of the possible means to improve quality of the welded joint, application of laser welding process may be recommended. However, the low boiling point of magnesium generates some weld defects, such as porosity and solidification cracking. Furthermore, the small laser beam diameter is very sensitive to edge preparation in butt joint. Accordingly, application of laser/ arc hybrid welding process to magnesium alloy welding was proposed. The laser/ arc hybrid welding process is a new process combining the laser beam and the arc as welding heat source. The laser beam and arc influence and assist one another. By application of hybrid welding, synergistic effects are achievable, and disadvantage of the respective processes can be compensated. In this study, welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy thin plates using YAG laser/ TIG arc hybrid welding process was investigated. In order to confirm the properties of the welded joints, tensile testing was performed.
Therapy of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis with Methotrexate (2008)

A half century has passed since Gubner made the serendipitous observation that aminopterin, a folic acid, improved the lesions of psoriasis during a trial to assess its anti-inflammatory effects in patients with psoriatic arthritis (1). These observations were transferred into clinical trials utilizing a daily dosage of aminopterin (2). In the late 1950s, methotrexate (MTX) replaced aminopterin. During the next two decades, alternate dosage schedules were developed based on cell cycle information and cancer chemotherapy concepts. Until the development of PUVA in 1975, UVB, tar phototherapy, and MTX were the only effective treatments for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. MTX was approved for psoriasis by the FDA without the usual, at least by current standards, large double-blinded clinical trials. MTX usage for psoriasis appeared to be “grandfathered in,” in part related to guidelines for MTX therapy of psoriasis referred to below. Thus, there are no large doubleblinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials to quantitate efficacy and safety of the drug for psoriasis. Reliance for its usefulness is based on many years of clinical experience and numerous clinical retrospective studies with more emphasis on side effects than efficacy (3-6). In the past years, it has been estimated that approximately 25,000 to 30,000 patients were receiving MTX therapy in the United States, although current data is not available.
Technical Overview of Directory Services Using the X.500 Protocol (1992)

This document is an overview of the X.500 standard for people not familiar with the technology. It compares and contrasts Directory Services based on X.500 with several of the other Directory services currently in use in the Internet. This paper also describes the status of the standard and provides references for further information on X.500 implementations and technical information.
Highly Robust Transparent and Conductive Gas Diffusion Barriers Based on Tin Oxide (2015)

Transparent and electrically conductive gas diffusion barriers are reported. Tin oxide (SnOx ) thin films grown by atomic layer deposition afford extremely low water vapor transmission rates (WVTR) on the order of 10(-6) g (m(2) day)(-1) , six orders of magnitude better than that established with ITO layers. The electrical conductivity of SnOx remains high under damp heat conditions (85 °C/85% relative humidity (RH)), while that of ZnO quickly degrades by more than five orders of magnitude.