gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy of web and winding defects (2019)

Constructing taxonomies can be useful for the researcher and troubleshooter alike.First, it gives us a precise language for conversation within our own plant or with our customers.This language helps us avoid using the same word for two different things or using two different words for the same thing.Examples of word confusion are corrugations versus tin-canning as well as telescoping and coning.The former pair are two distinctly different defects, while the latter pair are aliases for the same defect class.Second, taxonomies allow us to make crucial distinctions between similarly appearing defects, but whose mechanics and thus remedies may be quite different.Examples include a wrinkle oriented at an angle means something (roller, web etc) is 'crooked,' while the root cause mechanics for a wrinkle oriented in the MD may have width related mechanics.The former might indicate the need for better roller maintenance while the latter might indicate the need for a spreader.As useful as good taxonomies might be, they can be exceedingly difficult to do well.Very often they are a work in progress.They are always part craft and part science.On the craft end, we might offer as an example the troubleshooting trees used by automobile mechanics to identify which part needs to be adjusted or replaced to get an engine running.On the science end we might offer the classification of life forms which used to be based entirely on form, but is now occasionally assisted by DNA comparisons, when it is available.In this paper we will show how to construct taxonomies for some common defects.While good taxonomies are mechanics based, these mechanics and the attendant complexities should be hidden from the user to the extent possible.The goal is to be able to do most everything observationally rather than requiring equations or instruments because it greatly increases the utility of the system.However, the researcher can also use a good taxonomy if it is mechanics based.In any case, everyone can benefit from a precision of language.The defects we will include here are most forms of web flatness/wrinkling as well as some winding defects such as core crush, starring and telescoping.
The Prototype To Control The Rotational Motion Applied To An Inertial Navigation System Equipped With An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (2008)

Generally, an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) has some navigation systems in order to cruise autonomously without communications from the outside world. One of them is an inertial navigation system (INS) which is composed of accelerometers and gyros. The INS outputs the absolute position and posture of a moving object equipped with it. However its output includes some error owing to drift-bias errors of the sensors; accelerometers and gyros. And the position accuracy of it is reduced because the error is accumulated with time-series. So the method has been proposed to improve the performance of the INS owing to the rotational motion. And the effect of the method was confirmed in experiments that were carried out in static condition. And the prototype of the rotation control system to apply the method to an AUV was designed. This system controls the rotational speed and direction in accordance with the AUV’s motion. In this paper, the method and the control system are described, and experimental results carried out to confirm effects of them on land are shown.
Enhancement of Thermoelectric Performance for n-Type PbS through Synergy of Gap State and Fermi Level Pinning (2019)

We report that Ga-doped and Ga-In-codoped n-type PbS samples show excellent thermoelectric performance in the intermediate temperature range. First-principles electronic structure calculations reveal that Ga doping can cause Fermi level pinning in PbS by introducing a gap state between the conduction and valence bands. Furthermore, Ga-In codoping introduces an extra conduction band. These added electronic features lead to high electron mobilities up to μ<sub>H</sub> ∼ 630 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> for n of 1.67 × 10<sup>19</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> and significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficients in PbS. Consequently, we obtained a maximum power factor of ∼32 μW cm<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-2</sup> at 300 K for Pb<sub>0.9875</sub>Ga<sub>0.0125</sub>S, which is the highest reported for PbS-based systems giving a room-temperature figure of merit, ZT, of ∼0.35 and ∼0.82 at 923 K. For the codoped Pb<sub>0.9865</sub>Ga<sub>0.0125</sub>In<sub>0.001</sub>S, the maximum ZT rises to ∼1.0 at 923 K and achieves a record-high average ZT (ZT<sub>avg</sub>) of ∼0.74 in the temperature range of 400-923 K.
Insensitive High‐Performance Energetic Materials — applied research for optimized products (1997)

S.109-111
Macromodeling of Integrated Circuit Operational Amplifiers (2009)

A macromodel has been developed for integrated circuit (IC) op amps which provides an excellent pin-for-pin representation. The model elements are those which are common to most circuit simulators. The macromodel is a factor of more than six times less complex than the original circuit, and provides simulated circuit responses that have run times which are an order of magnitude faster and less costly in comparison to modeling the op amp at the electronic device level. Expressions for the values of the elements of the macromodel are developed starting from values of typical response characteristics of the op amp. Examples are given for three representative op amps. In addition, the performance of the macromodel in linear and nonlinear systems is presented. For comparison, the simulated circuit performance when modeling at the device level is also demonstrated.
cAMP-Mediated and Metabolic Amplification of Insulin Secretion Are Distinct Pathways Sharing Independence of β-Cell Microfilaments (2012)

Insulin secretion is triggered by an increase in the cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) in β-cells. Ca(2+)-induced exocytosis of insulin granules can be augmented by metabolic amplification (unknown signals generated through glucose metabolism) or neurohormonal amplification (in particular cAMP mediated). Functional actin microfilaments are not required for metabolic amplification, but their possible role in cAMP-mediated amplification is unknown. It is also uncertain whether cAMP (generated in response to glucose) is implicated in metabolic amplification. These questions were addressed using isolated mouse islets. cAMP levels were increased by phosphodiesterase inhibition (with isobutylmethylxanthine) and adenylate-cyclase stimulation (with forskolin or glucagon-like peptide-1, 7-36 amide). Raising cAMP levels had no steady-state impact on actin polymerization in control islets. Neither disruption (depolymerization by latrunculin) nor stabilization (polymerization by jasplakinolide) of actin microfilaments was counteracted by cAMP. Both changes increased both phases of glucose- or tolbutamide-induced insulin secretion but did not prevent further amplification by cAMP. These large changes in secretion were not caused by changes in [Ca(2+)](c), which was only slightly increased by cAMP. Both phases of insulin secretion were larger in response to glucose than tolbutamide, although [Ca(2+)](c) was lower. This difference in secretion, which reflects metabolic amplification, was independent of microfilaments, was not attributable to differences in cAMP, and persisted in presence of dibutyryl-cAMP or when cAMP levels were variably raised by isobutylmethylxanthine + forskolin or glucagon-like peptide-1, 7-36 amide. We conclude that metabolic and cAMP-mediated amplification of insulin secretion are distinct pathways that accelerate acquisition of release competence by insulin granules that can access exocytotic sites without intervention of microfilaments.
P1‐118: Association of Low‐Frequency and Rare Coding Variants with Information Processing Speed (2016)

Measures of information processing speed vary between individuals and decline with age. Studies of aging twins suggest there is a genetic component underlying the variation, with heritability estimates as high as 67%. We used the Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotyping array to evaluate the association of rare coding variants with a neurocognitive test of this domain by performing a meta-analysis in the setting of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. The Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) is a pencil and paper test that requires timed translation of numbers to symbols using a key. Test scores were available for 30,576 individuals of European ancestry and for 5,758 African-American individuals who were older than 45 years and free of dementia and clinical stroke. Linear regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to analyze the contribution of single variants using the seqMeta package; gene-based burden tests that either aggregate the total number of rare alleles by gene (T5, T1, and T01 tests) or sum weighted allele counts over rare variants in a locus (SKAT test) were also conducted within each cohort. Secondary analyses included adjustment for educational attainment. Meta-analyses to combine cohort-specific results were carried out separately for each ancestry group. Low frequency variants in the RNF19A gene implicated in Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis reached the threshold for statistical significance (p=2.01 x 10-6) using the T01 test in individuals of European ancestry. Variants in SLC22A7 (p=3.91 x 10-6), a transporter of guanine nucleotides, and MTHFD1L (p=3.41 x 10-6), involved in mitochondrial synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, were significantly associated with performance on the DSST in African-American individuals after adjustment for education using the T01 and SKAT tests, respectively. MTHFD1L single nucleotide polymorphisms were previously associated with plasma homocysteine levels and Alzheimer's disease risk. In this study, rare variants in novel genes were significantly associated with a test of processing speed in a large sample of community-dwelling adults. Replication efforts are ongoing.
Hemorrhagic Conversion of Acute Ischemic Stroke (2023)

Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide; a serious complication of ischemic stroke is hemorrhagic transformation. Current treatment of acute ischemic stroke includes endovascular thrombectomy and thrombolytic therapy. Both of these treatment options are linked with increased risks of hemorrhagic conversion. The diagnosis and timely management of patients with hemorrhagic conversion is critically important to patient outcomes. This review aims to discuss hemorrhagic conversion of acute ischemic stroke including discussion of the pathophysiology, review of risk factors, imaging considerations, and treatment of patients with hemorrhagic conversion.
Subspace fitting with diversely polarized antenna arrays (1993)

Diversely polarized antenna arrays are widely used in RF applications. The diversity of response provided by diversely polarized antenna arrays can greatly improve direction-finding performance over arrays sensitive to only one polarization component. For d emitters, directly implementing a multidimensional estimation algorithm would require a search for 3d parameters: d directions of arrival (DOAs), and 2d polarization parameters. A more efficient solution is presented based on the noise subspace fitting (NSF) algorithm. It is shown how to decouple the NSF search into a two-step procedure, where the DOAs are estimated separately. The polarization parameters are then obtained by solving a linear system of equations. The advantage of this approach is that the search dimension is reduced by a factor of three, and no initial polarization estimate is required. The algorithm can be shown to yield asymptotically minimum variance estimates: provided no perfectly coherent signals are present. Simulation examples are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Electrophilic Behavior of Tetrathiafulvalenium Salts. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Facile Ion-Doping Strategy To Regulate Tumor Microenvironments for Enhanced Multimodal Tumor Theranostics (2017)

Integration of multiple therapeutic/diagnostic modalities into a single system holds great promise to improve theranostic efficiency for tumors, but still remains a technical challenge. Herein, we report a new multimodal theranostic nanoconstruct based on Fe-doped polydiaminopyridine nanofusiforms, built easily and on a large scale, which can dual-regulate intracellular oxygen and glutathione levels, transport iron ions, and simultaneously be used for thermal imaging and magnetic resonance imaging. Co-loading of dihydroartemisinin and methylene blue generates a superior multifunctional theranostic agent with enhanced photochemotherapy efficiency and biodegradability, leading to almost complete destruction of tumors with near-infrared light irradiation. This represents an attractive route to develop multimodal anticancer theranostics.
Performance results for digital subscriber line precoders (2008)

Performance results are presented for digital subscriber line (DSL) precoders, also known as dynamic spectrum management (DSM) level 3, in terms of improvement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and achievable bit rates under the very high speed digital subscriber line 2 (VDSL2) standard. Simulations were conducted using channel coefficients obtained from both empirical models and line measurements. The performance impact of various key factors is examined, including the number of lines, line lengths, frequency range, precoder design, channel measurement accuracy, and implementation accuracy (quantization errors). The results provide estimates of the achievable rate gains and offer guidance for the design and implementation of DSL precoders.
Comments on "Hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by sulfided CoO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3. Reactivities and reaction networks" (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComments on "Hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by sulfided CoO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3. Reactivities and reaction networks"Teh C. Ho and Angelo A. MontagnaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 4, 687–688Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200023a030https://doi.org/10.1021/i200023a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Protein kinase C stimulates release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 by human decidual cells (2002)

Objective: Increased concentrations of amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 have been observed in the context of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity. However, the source of the stimuli that contribute to the accumulation of these proteins in amniotic fluid remains to be identified. The present study was conducted to investigate MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 secretion by decidual cells in response to activated protein kinase C (PKC). Methods: Decidual cells were isolated from term placentae, grown to confluence and incubated with control media or 10-11 to 10-8 mol/l concentrations of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the culture supernatant were determined using sensitive and specific immunoassays. Substrate zymography was conducted to confirm MMP-9 assays. Results: PMA induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of release of MMP-9 (control vs. PMA 10-9 and 10-8 mol/l; p < 0.01) and TIMP-1 (control vs. PMA 10-9 and 10-8 mol/l; p < 0.001), but not MMP-2. A direct positive correlation was observed between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 release (r = 0.645; p < 0.001). Substrate zymography confirmed increased release of MMP-9 in response to PMA (control vs. PMA 10-8 and PMA 10-7 mol/l; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Activation of PKC within the decidua will result in enhanced MMP-9 release, which upon activation could contribute to degradation of matrices within fetal membranes leading to PROM.
Cause Estimation of Younger Babies' Cries from the Frequency Analyses of the Voice - Classification of Hunger, Sleepiness, and Discomfort - (2006)

A method for estimating why a baby is crying is proposed using frequency analyses of the voice. In this paper, three causes, hunger, sleepiness and discomfort, are considered for classification. Moreover, the method intends for younger babies aged from 2 to 4 months old. Some typical characteristics are obtained for hunger, sleepiness, and discomfort, respectively, in the shape of the power spectra of the crying. By using the difference between these characteristics, a rule-based system is proposed, which can classify cries of babies from 2 to 4 months old in a hungry state, a sleepy state, and a discomfort one. Computer simulations show that about 85% of the babies' cries are correctly classified
An Adaptive Algorithm for Precise Pupil Boundary Detection using Entropy of Contour Gradients. (2017)

Eye tracking spreads through a vast area of applications from ophthalmology, assistive technologies to gaming and virtual reality. Detection of pupil is the most critical step in many of these tasks hence needs to be performed accurately. Although detection of pupil is a smooth task in clear sight, possible occlusions and odd viewpoints complicate the problem. We present an adaptive pupil boundary detection method that is able to infer whether entire pupil is in clearly visible by a modal heuristic. Thus, a faster detection is performed with the assumption of no occlusions. If the heuristic fails, a deeper search among extracted image features is executed to maintain accuracy. Furthermore, the algorithm can find out if there is no pupil as an aidful information for many applications. We prepare a dataset containing 1509 high resolution eye images collected from five subjects and perform an extensive set of experiments to obtain quantitative results in terms of accuracy, localization and timing. The proposed method outperforms three other state of the art algorithms and can run up to 140 Hz in single-thread on a standard laptop computer.
Jordanian Clay-Based Heat Insulator Composites: Mechanical Properties (2008)

In this study formulation of composite materials was made using different types and compositions of Jordanian fillers of virgin, untreated bentonite, and feldspar. Unsaturated polyester liquid blended with the filler with a given polyester/filler ratio was transformed into solid upon thermo-set process using chemical reagents to initiate the thermo-set process, and later control the propagation and termination steps. The solid samples produced were then subjected to mechanical, thermal conductivity, and water absorption tests to come up with a product formulation having best or optimum properties in terms of previously tested characteristics. In this paper, the results of the mechanical tests will be presented. In brief, it was found that mechanical properties did improve with increasing clay weight percentage up to 60 wt%. Beyond 60 wt% the product formulation was found to be inconsistent and non-reproducible. Furthermore, it was found that a composite material based on a certain type of clay (with highest content of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 ), possessed superior characteristics in terms of mechanical properties and compared with calcium-carbonate-containing, polyester-based composite materials.
Polydiketopyrrolopyrroles Carrying Ethylene Glycol Substituents as Efficient Mixed Ion‐Electron Conductors for Biocompatible Organic Electrochemical Transistors (2021)

Abstract A comprehensive investigation of four polydiketopyrrolopyrroles (PDPPs) with increasing ethylene glycol (EG) content and varying nature of comonomer is presented, and guidelines for the design of efficient mixed ion‐electron conductors (MIECs) are deduced. The studies in NaCl electrolyte‐gated organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) reveal that a high amount of EG on the DPP moiety is essential for MIEC. The PDPP containing 52 wt% EG exhibits a high volumetric capacitance of 338 F cm −3 (at 0.8 V), a high hole mobility in aqueous medium (0.13 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ), and a μC* product of 45 F cm −1 V −1 s −1 . OECTs using this polymer retain 97% of the initial drain‐current after 1200 cycles (90 min of continuous operation). In a cell growth medium, the OECT‐performance is fully maintained as in the NaCl electrolyte. In vitro cytotoxicity and cell viability assays reveal the excellent cell compatibility of these novel systems, showing no toxicity after 24 h of culture. Due to the excellent OECT performance with a considerable cycling stability for 1200 cycles and an outstanding cell compatibility, these PDPPs render themselves viable for in vitro and in vivo bioelectronics.
Ein Desaster. Deutschland und der Fall Libyen. Wie sich Deutschland moralisch und außenpolitisch in die Isolation manövrierte (2011)

Wie sich Deutschland moralisch und ausenpolitisch in die Isolation manovrierte
Die Lage war eindeutig: Der Diktator Gaddafi drohte dem aufstandischen libyschen Volk mit Mord und Totschlag und die Rebellen riefen um Hilfe fur ihren Befreiungskampf. Die Arabische Liga unterstutzte den Hilferuf der Rebellen und forderte den Sicherheitsrat der Vereinten Nationen auf einzugreifen. Dieser befand, dass in diesem Fall die Norm der „Schutzverantwortung“ zum Tragen kame, beschloss die Resolution 1973, die, mit Einschrankungen, militarische Hilfe fur das libysche Volk legitimierte. Ein solcher Eingriff in einen souveranen Staat ist allerdings an ein Mandat des Sicherheitsrats gebunden. Die erforderliche Abstimmung lies die Resolution passieren. Allein – die deutsche Zustimmung fehlte, neben der von Brasilien, Indien, China und Russland. Wer nun hoffte, die Befurworter hatten wichtige Argumente ubersehen oder Zusammenhange nicht erkannt, den enttauscht Harald Muller. Punkt fur Punkt demontiert er die deutschen Gegenargumente und zahlt kopfschuttelnd die Schaden auf, die durch das deutsche Nein entstanden sind: Isolation Deutschlands in der EU und der NATO, Schadigung der Gemeinsamen Sicherheits- und Ausenpolitik der EU, Bruskierung und dadurch innenpolitische Schadigung Prasident Obamas – vom mitmenschlichem Versagen ganz zu schweigen. Was auch immer am Ende dieses Kriegs stehen wird, positiv anzumerken bleibt, dass sich die Staatengemeinschaft fahig zu multilateralem Weltordnungshandeln gezeigt hat – allerdings ohne Deutschland.
Karin Hammer