gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Personal Archive Service System using Blockchain Technology: Case Study, Promising and Challenging (2017)

This paper is to explore applications of the blockchain technology to the concept of “proof of X” such as proof of identity, proof of property ownership, proof of specific transaction, proof of college degree, proof of medical records, proof of academic achievements, etc. It describes a novel approach of building a decentralized transparent immutable secure personal archive management and service system. Personal archive is defined as a collection of various artifacts that reflect personal portfolio as well as personal unique identifications. Personal portfolio is beyond of a statement of personal achievement. It is an evidentiary document designed to provide qualitative and quantitative chronically documents and examples. Subjects can tag their information with proof, that is, certified by trusted entities or organizations like universities. Such proofs are associated with confidentiality levels exposed in the public domains. Personal identifications include biometrics as well as other multi-factors such as something the subject “has”, the subject “knows” or the subject “acts”. Stack holders in a consortium oriented blockchain network serve as verifiers and /or miners that provide their trusted services the delegated proof of stake. Such personal archive based system can be exploited to various applications including professional network like Linkedin, instant credit approval like alipay or live human from social bots like internet social media. A prototype simulation shows that such personal portfolio management and service system is feasible and immune to many ID attacks.
CONDITIONING, THICKENING, AND DEWATERING: RESEARCH UPDATE/RESEARCH NEEDS (2001)

The production of sludges that are amenable to beneficial reuse (and thereby merit the term “biosolids”) has become a high priority concern in wastewater treatment. Regulations in many countries have become stringent in this regard, and the production of suitable biosolids now influences the selection, design, and operation of upstream processes. Among these are the conditioning, thickening, and dewatering of sludges. This paper briefly reviews current technology trends in these process areas, placing them in the context of overall needs for improved biosolids management. It is foreseen that conditioning, thickening and dewatering processes will need to operate at higher performance and reliability levels to maintain disposal and reuse flexibility. The chemistry of conditioning must be more clearly determined since secondary interactions of the conditioning additives may be important in ways that are not currently recognized.
Symptom Dimensions of Depression and Apathy and Their Relationship With Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease (2017)

Findings suggest that specific mood symptoms are associated with delayed verbal memory and executive function performance in non-demented patients with PD. Further research is needed to better understand possible mechanisms through which specific symptom dimensions of depression and apathy are associated with cognition in PD. (JINS, 2018, 24, 269-282).
Tissue-specific expression of histone H3 variants diversified after species separation (2015)

We comprehensively identified and characterized novel mouse H3 variant genes that encoded highly conserved amino acid sequences compared to known histone H3. We speculated that the diversity of H3 variants acquired after species separation played a role in regulating tissue-specific gene expression in individual species. Their biological relevance and evolutionary aspect involving pseudogene diversification will be addressed by further functional analysis.
A miniaturized multiband monopole antenna using a double-tuned wheeler matching network (2010)

A double-tuned matching network is proposed, which replaces one of the resonant circuits in a Wheeler matching network with a λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> /2 transmission line in order to achieve broadband and multiband matching performance. The multiband Wheeler matching network is then applied to a circular monopole antenna, and it is demonstrated that a compact, multiband and highly efficient antenna can be achieved. The antenna operates in the frequency ranges of 1.90-4.20 GHz and 6.05-6.53 GHz, has a total size of 20 × 50.3 × 1.59 mm and exhibits efficiencies in the order of 90%.
Towards a New Spatial Representation of Bone Remodeling (2011)

Irregular bone remodeling is associated with a number of bone diseases such as osteoporosis and multiple myeloma. Computational and mathematical modeling can aid in therapy and treatment as well as understanding fundamental biology. Different approaches to modeling give insight into different aspects of a phenomena so it is useful to have an arsenal of various computational and mathematical models. Here we develop a mathematical representation of bone remodeling that can effectively describe many aspects of the complicated geometries and spatial behavior observed. There is a sharp interface between bone and marrow regions. Also the surface of bone moves in and out, i.e. in the normal direction, due to remodeling. Based on these observations we employ the use of a level-set function to represent the spatial behavior of remodeling. We elaborate on a temporal model for osteoclast and osteoblast population dynamics to determine the change in bone mass which influences how the interface between bone and marrow changes. We exhibit simulations based on our computational model that show the motion of the interface between bone and marrow as a consequence of bone remodeling. The simulations show that it is possible to capture spatial behavior of bone remodeling in complicated geometries as they occur \emph{in vitro} and \emph{in vivo}. By employing the level set approach it is possible to develop computational and mathematical representations of the spatial behavior of bone remodeling. By including in this formalism further details, such as more complex cytokine interactions and accurate parameter values, it is possible to obtain simulations of phenomena related to bone remodeling with spatial behavior much as \emph{in vitro} and \emph{in vivo}. This makes it possible to perform \emph{in silica} experiments more closely resembling experimental observations.
Biomineralization on single crystalline rutile: the modulated growth of hydroxyapatite by fibronectin in a simulated body fluid (2016)

The aim of this study is to probe the complex interaction between surface bioactivity and protein adsorption on single crystalline rutile.
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) as a smart method for fast environmental virological analyses: validation on Picornaviruses (2019)

Virological analysis is time-consuming and expensive. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the applicability of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to the classification of viruses, reducing the time for this analysis and its costs. Experimental tests were performed in which different viruses were irradiated with a UV laser emitting at 266 nm and the emitted spectra were recorded by a spectrometer. The classification techniques show the possibility of discriminating viruses. Although the application of the LIF technique to biological agents has been thoroughly studied by many researchers over the years, this work aims at validating for the first time its applicability to virological analyses. The development of a fast virological analysis may revolutionize this field, allowing fast responses to epidemiologic events, reducing their risks and improving the efficiency of monitoring environments. Moreover, a cost reduction may lead to an increase in the monitoring frequency, with an obvious enhancement of safety and prevention.
On Barriers and the Gap between Active and Passive Replication (Full Version) (2013)

Active replication is commonly built on top of the atomic broadcast primitive. Passive replication, which has been recently used in the popular ZooKeeper coordination system, can be naturally built on top of the primary-order atomic broadcast primitive. Passive replication differs from active replication in that it requires processes to cross a barrier before they become primaries and start broadcasting messages. In this paper, we propose a barrier function tau that explains and encapsulates the differences between existing primary-order atomic broadcast algorithms, namely semi-passive replication and Zookeeper atomic broadcast (Zab), as well as the differences between Paxos and Zab. We also show that implementing primary-order atomic broadcast on top of a generic consensus primitive and tau inherently results in higher time complexity than atomic broadcast, as witnessed by existing algorithms. We overcome this problem by presenting an alternative, primary-order atomic broadcast implementation that builds on top of a generic consensus primitive and uses consensus itself to form a barrier. This algorithm is modular and matches the time complexity of existing tau-based algorithms.
Radish Anthocyanin Extract as a Natural Red Colorant for Maraschino Cherries (1996)

ABSTRACT Red radish anthocyanin extract (RAE) was investigated to color brined cherries as an alternative to FD&amp;C Red No. 40. Primary and secondary bleached cherries were colored using two concentrations of RAE (600 and 1200 mg/L syrup, C1 and C2) and FD&amp;C Red No. 40 (200 ppm). Color and pigment stability of secondary bleached cherries and syrup colored with RAE were evaluated during storage (25°C). CIELAB, chroma and hue angle, showed that RAE imparted color extremely close to that of FD&amp;C Red No. 40, for &gt; 6 mo storage. Monomeric anthocyanin degradation followed first‐order kinetics, with half‐lives of 29 and 33 wk for syrups colored with RAE C1 and RAE C2, respectively. Higher anthocyanin concentration exerted a protective effect on color stability. Exposure to light slightly accelerated L*, a*, and monomeric anthocyanin degradation.
Steric fixation of bromovinyluracil: Synthesis of furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleosides (1995)

Abstract A new synthetic procedure for the preparation of 5,6‐dihydrofuro[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidin‐2(3 H )‐one ( 3 ) and its deoxyriboside 8 is reported. Compound 3 undergoes nucleophilic reactions with various agents to yield 5‐substituted uracil derivatives. The dehydro derivative of 3 , furo[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidin‐2(3 H )‐one ( 18 ) was synthesized by cyclization of BVU 15 , which made us develop a reproducible and high yield method for the synthesis of BV(D)U. Starting from 18 , the α‐deoxyriboside 20 and the β‐riboside 22 were prepared.
Low Salinity Effect at Pore Scale: Probing Wettability Changes in Middle East Limestone (2016)

The effectiveness of low salinity flooding for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in sandstone reservoirs has been demonstrated in core plug and field tests as well as at molecular scale, but in carbonate reservoirs the results are mixed. With atomic force microscopy (AFM) chemical force mapping (CFM), using a methyl (CH3) functionalized tip, we tracked the wettability of limestone pore surfaces (before and after solvent treatment) during exposure to high and low salinity solutions at a submicrometer scale. The correlation between adhesion and salinity was weak for both the treated and the fresh samples, but detailed analysis of the force maps demonstrated that on the fresh limestone there are areas that clearly respond to changes in salinity. Adhesion decreased when salinity decreased on some areas, and on others adhesion increased. To understand this behavior, we analyzed the surfaces with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The amount of organic material on the solvent treated samples was lower than on the fresh samples, but the amount and type of organic compounds were considerably different. These differences provide a likely explanation for the differences in the effectiveness of low salinity flooding that have been reported in the literature and lead us to conclude that for the samples analyzed in our study, the response in carbonate rocks is controlled by an intricate interplay between the composition of the tightly adsorbed organic material, the minerals on which it is adsorbed, and the functional groups present in the oil. Consequently, if the effectiveness of low salinity flooding in carbonate reservoirs is to be predicted, characterization of the organic compounds in the oil and on the pore surfaces is essential.
Limitations of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Nets (1990)

This paper considers some of the limitations of Back- Propagation neural nets. We show that the Feed-Forward three layered Neural nets of Rumelhart, Hinton and Williams are equivalent to committees of TLU''s in the sense of Nilsson. We also show that the generalised delta rule may be formulated in terms of committees of threshold logic units. This allows us to deduce that the Feed forward Layered nets are unlikely to behave well with data sets that are not of low complexity. We make the notion of the complexity two, the XOR data set has complexity three. It is argued that the only successful applications of neural nets have been to problems which are in a certain sense ''trivial'', and that this is likely to be the case in general. Finally we produce some depressing estimates of the processing capabilities of real brains.
Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Technique (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Coordinate Regulation of the IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 Cytokine Cluster in Th2 Clones Revealed by Allelic Expression Patterns (2000)

The cytokines IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 are markers for the Th2 subset of effector T cells and are often expressed together. These cytokine genes are organized within 140 kb of orthologous DNA in both mouse and human. Using IL-4-expressing CD4+ T cell clones derived from F1 mice, we identified allelic polymorphisms for each of these cytokines and assessed the parental identity of the cytokine mRNAs. Both monoallelic and biallelic expression occurred for each gene and for an additional gene, IL-3, that lies with GM-CSF over 450 kb telomeric on the same chromosome. When coexpressed in T cell clones, IL-4 was expressed from the same allele as IL-13 or IL-5 in 81% of instances. In contrast, there was only 52% concordance of these three cytokines at the allelic level among clones that expressed IL-3. Independent expression of the cytokine alleles occurs commonly in T cells, but the clustered locus encompassing IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 is subject to coordinate regulation.
XVI century place-names: Cank Wood (1929)

XVI century place-names: Cank Wood Get access F. Williamson F. Williamson 1Museum and Art Gallery, Derby Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 156, Issue 6, 9 February 1929, Page 106, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/156.6.106a Published: 09 February 1929
B-FICA: BlockChain based Framework for Auto-Insurance Claim and Adjudication (2018)

In this paper, we propose a partitioned BlockChain based Framework for Auto-insurance Claims and Adjudication (B-FICA) for CAVs that tracks both sensor data and entity interactions with two-sided verification. B-FICA uses permissioned BC with two partitions to share information on a need to know basis. It also uses multi-signed transactions for proof of execution of instructions, for reliability and auditability and also uses a dynamic lightweight consensus and validation protocol to prevent evidence alteration. Qualitative evaluation shows that B-FICA is resilient to several security attacks from potential liable entities. Finally, simulations show that compared to the state of the art, B-FI CA reduces processing time and its delay overhead is negligible for practical scenarios and at marginal security cost.
Energy Storage for Aerospace Applications (2001)

The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has long been a major contributor to the development and application of energy storage technologies for NASAs missions and programs. NASA GRC has supported technology efforts for the advancement of batteries and fuel cells. The Electrochemistry Branch at NASA GRC continues to play a critical role in the development and application of energy storage technologies, in collaboration with other NASA centers, government agencies, industry and academia. This paper describes the work in batteries and fuel cell technologies at the NASA Glenn Research Center. It covers a number of systems required to ensure that NASAs needs for a wide variety of systems are met. Some of the topics covered are lithium-based batteries, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, and nanotechnology activities. With the advances of the past years, we begin the 21st century with new technical challenges and opportunities as we develop enabling technologies for batteries and fuel cells for aerospace applications.
Acoustic responses of monodisperse lipid encapsulated microbubble contrast agents produced by flow focusing (2010)

Lipid-encapsulated microbubbles are used as contrast agents in ultrasound imaging. Currently available commercially made contrast agents have a polydisperse size distribution. It has been hypothesised that improved imaging sensitivity could be achieved with a uniform microbubble radius. We have recently developed microfluidics technology to produce contrast agents with a nearly monodisperse distribution. In this manuscript, we analyze echo responses from individual microbubbles from monodisperse populations in order to establish the relationship between scattered echo, microbubble radius, and excitation frequency. Simulations of bubble response from a modified Rayleigh-Plesset type model corroborate experimental data. Results indicate that microbubble echo response can be greatly increased by optimal combinations of microbubble radius and acoustic excitation frequency. These results may have a significant impact in the formulation of contrast agents to improve ultrasonic sensitivity.
An Interval-Based Target Tracking Approach for Range-Only Multistatic Radar (2008)

This paper investigates the use of interval analysis to solve the problem of maneuvering target tracking, using range-only measures collected by a multistatic radar. The problem consists in one transmitter, and some receivers working together as a multistatic radar. The radar process is plagued by several uncertainty sources that affect directly the receivers' measures. As a result, target tracking can be both imprecise and unreliable. This study presents the tracking using an interval-based approach that computes the set of all feasible configurations for the target which are consistent with the measures. The algorithm is compared to a conventional tracking method: particle filtering.
Separable non-linear least-squares minimization-possible improvements for neural net fitting (2002)

Neural network minimization problems are often ill-conditioned and in this contribution two ways to handle this will be discussed. It is shown that a better conditioned minimization problem can be obtained if the problem is separated with respect to the linear parameters. This will increase the convergence speed of the minimization. The Levenberg-Marquardt minimization method is often concluded to perform better than the Gauss-Newton and the steepest descent methods on neural network minimization problems. The reason for this is investigated and it is shown that the Levenberg-Marquardt method divides the parameters into two subsets. For one subset the convergence is almost quadratic like that of the Gauss-Newton method, and on the other subset the parameters do hardly converge at all. In this way a fast convergence among the important parameters is obtained.
Using Genetic Algorithm with frequency hopping in device to device communication (D2DC) interference mitigation (2012)

Device-to-device communication (D2DC) is an important and challenge technique in the next generation of wireless communication that it can effectively reduce the load of base stations and simultaneously allows user equipment (UE) to proceed in direct communications. In D2DC, devices are very close among themselves and therefore the resulting interferences maybe quite serious, it becomes an important issue of how to properly select a UE owner so that when this UE owner searches for its associated communicating UEs in its service range they will suffer the least interference effect. In this paper, as UEs are distributed and clusters of UEs are formed in the D2D communication area; we propose to use K-Means to locating a UE around the cluster center as the UE Owner of the cluster. With this formation of UE clusters and UE owners they still have the chance to incur interferences among UE clusters due to they may be possibly use the same frequency band in their communications. Frequency hopping technique is then considered in this paper to further reduce the co-channel interference. In this paper it proposes to use Genetic Algorithm (GA) with frequency hopping technique to optimally select the number of frequency channels required in the system and then allocate these frequency channels to the UE clusters for their D2D communications. Simulations have been performed in a D2DC system with the proposed GA algorithm to reveal the effectiveness of the designed algorithm in the allocation of frequency channels to the clusters with minimum interference effect.
A Sub-6 GHz Compact GaN MMIC Doherty PA with a 49.5% 6 dB back-off PAE for 5G Communications (2018)

This paper presents a sub-6 GHz MMIC Doherty power amplifier (DPA) for 5G communication applications based on a \pmb0.25-μmGaN HEMT process. The impedance inverter of the DPA is realized by combining a compact transmission line network with two shunt capacitors. Also, the ratio of power cells in the main and auxiliary amplifiers is optimized to achieve a high efficiency in output power back-off. The measured peak output power and P\pmb1dB are 38.7 and 32.1 dBm, respectively at 5.9 GHz. The power-added-efficiency (PAE) at a 6-dB output power backoff is up to 49.5%.