gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Molecular abnormalities in recurrent thromboembolic disease]. (1983)

The diagnosis and treatment of apparently idiopathic recurrent thromboembolic disease (RTED) still raise difficult problems. However, recent data suggest that abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis factors are important. Hereditary antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency or abnormal AT III, and hereditary protein C deficiency with autosomal dominant transmission have been associated with severe familiar RTED. More recently, we described a dysfibrinogenemia characterized by abnormal fibrin polymerization and abnormal plasminogen binding to the fibrin clot, responsible for familial RTED. Disorders of fibrinolytic activity in RTED are represented, in 70% of the cases, by reduced release or lack of production by endothelial cells of a vascular plasminogen activator. Hereditary plasminogen deficiency or abnormal plasminogen, although rare, are regularly responsible for RTED.
Biodiversity and Biogeography of Sakhalin Island (2012)

Here we present review data on the geographic distribution and biogeography of the Sakhalin biota and attempt to analyze its general structure based on indicator taxonomic groups of terrestrial and freshwater organisms (i.e., fungi, plants, and animals). The work is based on a long-term program designed to survey and inventory the biota of Sakhalin Island: the International Sakhalin Island Project, an extension of the International Kuril Island Projectreported on by Pietsch et al. (2003).
The acetal levulinyl ester (ALE) group for the 2'-hydroxyl protection of ribonucleosides and the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides (2008)

A novel 2'-O-ALE (Acetal Levulinyl Ester) uridine phosphoramidite derivative has been efficiently prepared and used for the solid-phase synthesis of a chimeric oligonucleotide strand, 5'-rU11-dT-3'. The average coupling yield of the phosphoramidite was comparable to one obtained with a 2'-TBDMS rU phosphoramidite reagent. Upon completion of the RNA chain assembly, the cyanoethyl phosphate protecting groups were removed using a solution of triethylamine in acetonitrile (2:3 v/v). The 2'-O-ALE protecting groups were cleaved under hydrazinolysis conditions. Finally, the RNA oligonucleotide was released from the Q-CPG support when treated with 1 molar TBAF in THF. When the TBAF step was carried out prior to hydrazinolysis, an oligonucleotide with its intact 2'-O-ALE groups was obtained.
Tracing Hepatic Gluconeogenesis Relative to Citric Acid Cycle Activity in Vitro and in Vivo (1995)

The validity of the use of a carbon tracer for investigating liver intermediary metabolism in vivo requires that the labeling pattern of liver metabolites not be influenced by metabolism of the tracer in other tissues. To identify such specific tracer, livers from 48-h starved rats were perfused with recirculating buffer containing [3-13C]lactate, [2-13C]acetate, or alpha-keto[3-13C]isocaproate. Conscious 48-h starved rats were infused with the same tracers for 5 h. The labeling patterns of liver glutamate and extracellular glucose were assayed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In vivo data were corrected for 13CO2 reincorporation into C-1 of glutamate and C-3 and C-4 of glucose, using data from control rats infused with NaH13CO3. With [3-13C]lactate the labeling pattern of liver glutamate was the same in perfused organs and in vivo. In contrast, with [2-13C]acetate and alpha-keto[3-13C]isocaproate the labeling pattern of liver glutamate in vivo was clearly influenced by the expected labeling pattern of citric acid cycle intermediates formed in non-gluconeogenic organs, presumably glutamine made in muscle. Indeed, the labeling pattern of plasma glutamine and liver glutamate were similar in experiments with [3-13C]lactate but different in experiments with [2-13C]acetate and alpha-keto[3-13C]isocaproate. Similar conclusions were drawn from the labeling patterns of glucose. Therefore, labeled lactate appears as the best tracer for studies of liver intermediary metabolism in vivo. Our data also show that a substantial fraction of alpha-ketoisocaproate metabolism occurs in peripheral tissues.
Shakespeare's Imagery and What It Tells Us. (1955)

Journal Article Caroline F. E. Spurgeon, Shakespeare’s Imagery and What It Tells Us Get access Shakespeare’s Imagery and What It Tells Us. By Caroline F. E. Spurgeon. Cambridge University Press, 1952. Pp. [xvi] + 408. $9.00. J. G. M. J. G. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 6, Issue 3, Summer 1955, Page 355, https://doi.org/10.2307/2866634 Published: 01 July 1955
p53: A Key Player in Tumoral and Evolutionary Adaptation: A Lesson from the Israeli Blind Subterranean Mole Rat (2005)

p53 is a transcription factor involved in maintaining genomic integrity by regulating genes involved in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and programmed cell death. Various post transcriptional modifications result in activated p53 with varying binding affinity to its targets. The other members of the p53 family (p63, p73) and associated proteins also contribute to the specificity of gene activation resulting in the final cell responses. p53 is commonly mutated in human cancer and is activated by diverse cellular events, including hypoxia. Many sources of genetic diversity, including random or stress-related mutagenesis, affect normal species evolution. The blind subterranean mole rat lives in sealed underground tunnels, subjected to routine hypoxia due to abrupt and sharp changes in O2 supply. We cloned the mole rat's p53 gene and identified two amino acid substitutions in its binding domain, in the same positions that are mutated in cancer. These substitutions lead to increased p53 activation of DNA-repair elements and reduced activation of apoptotic genes. We propose that sequence-specific changes in the mole rat's p53 gene provide an example of how transcription factors that regulate many genes can also account for rapid and broad phenotypic diversity by altering the binding affinity to individual target genes.
Long-latency event-related potentials after mild traumatic brain injury (1998)

This study was an investigation of early changes in long latency event-related potentials with an emphasis on the N200/P300 complex in a group of adults with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Subjects with mild TBI and a matched group of non-injured subjects were presented three auditory oddball tasks differing in degree of difficulty. Subjects with TBI were tested within 100 hours of the injury and again at 20 days post-injury. Non-injured subjects also underwent two test sessions, with visit two occurring 18 days after visit one. Event-related potentials were recorded from three midline sites (Fz, Cz, Pz) during the three oddball tasks, two tone-frequency discrimination tasks and one tone-duration discrimination task. The amplitude and latency of both the N200 and the P300 were compared between the two groups. The amplitudes of the two components did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the latencies of both the N200 and the P300 were prolonged in the mild TBI group. This delay interacted significantly with recording site, with the maximal between-group difference occurring at Fz for both components. The group effect did not interact significantly with the timing of the test session or the difficulty of the oddball task. Taking the latencies of the two components as indices of information processing speed, the data suggest the presence of reduced processing speed in the mild TBI group that persists for at least three weeks post-injury. Increasing task difficulty, at least to the level used in the present study, did not enhance the observed difference between the two groups. The findings related to recording site are consistent with neurobehavioral, neuroimaging, and pathophysiological data which indicate greater effects of injury on frontal regions of the brain.
Abstract A33: The next-generation BET inhibitor, PLX51107, delays melanoma growth, altering the tumor immune microenvironment via Cox2 inhibition (2020)

Abstract Epigenetic agents such as bromodomain and extra terminal domain inhibitors (BETi) slow tumor growth via tumor intrinsic alterations; however, their effects on antitumor immunity remain unclear. A recent advance is the development of next-generation BETi that are potent and display a favorable half-life. Here, we tested the next-generation BETi, PLX51107, for immune-based effects on tumor growth in BRAF V600E melanoma syngeneic models. PLX51107 delayed melanoma tumor growth to differing degrees and altered the immunogenicity by lowering PD-L1 and FasL and increasing MHC-I in highly responsive melanomas. Moreover, PLX51107 treatment increased activated, proliferating and functional CD8+ T cells in tumors, leading to CD8+ T-mediated tumor growth delay. PLX51107 led to increased CD8-promoting, antitumor dendritic cells by acting as a Cox2 inhibitor. The accumulation of CSF-1R+ tumor-associated macrophages in poorly responsive melanoma limited PLX51107 efficacy. Importantly, PLX51107 delayed the growth of tumors that progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy, a response associated with decreased Cox2 levels, decreased PD-L1 expression and increased MHC-I expression on nonhematopoietic cells and increased intratumoral CD8+ T cells. Thus, next-generation BETi represent a potential first-line and secondary treatment strategy for metastatic melanoma by eliciting effects, at least in part, on antitumor immunity. Citation Format: Dan A. Erkes, Conroy O. Field, Claudia Capparelli, Manoela Tiago, Timothy J. Purwin, Shea A. Heilman, Inna Chervoneva, Adam C. Berger, Sheera R. Rosenbaum, Edward J. Hartsough, Jessie Villanueva, Andrew E. Aplin. The next-generation BET inhibitor, PLX51107, delays melanoma growth, altering the tumor immune microenvironment via Cox2 inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A33.
Meaningful change detection in structured data (1997)

Detecting changes by comparing data snapshots is an important requirement for difference queries, active databases, and version and configuration management. In this paper we focus on detecting meaningful changes in hierarchically structured data, such as nested-object data. This problem is much more challenging than the corresponding one for relational or flat-file data. In order to describe changes better, we base our work not just on the traditional “atomic” insert, delete, update operations, but also on operations that move an entire sub-tree of nodes, and that copy an entire sub-tree. These operations allows us to describe changes in a semantically more meaningful way. Since this change detection problem is NP -hard, in this paper we present a heuristic change detection algorithm that yields close to “minimal” descriptions of the changes, and that has fewer restrictions than previous algorithms. Our algorithm is based on transforming the change detection problem to a problem of computing a minimum-cost edge cover of a bipartite graph. We study the quality of the solution produced by our algorithm, as well as the running time, both analytically and experimentally.
PhenoPhyte: a flexible affordable method to quantify 2D phenotypes from imagery (2012)

PhenoPhyte is a new cost-effective web-application for semi-automated quantification of two-dimensional traits from digital imagery using an easy imaging protocol. This tool's usefulness is demonstrated for a variety of traits in multiple species. We show that digital phenotyping can reduce human subjectivity in trait quantification, thereby increasing accuracy and improving precision, which are crucial for differentiating and quantifying subtle phenotypic variation and understanding gene function and/or treatment effects.
Acoustic travel-time variability observed on a 150-km radius tomographic array in the Canada Basin during 2016–2017 (2023)

The Arctic Ocean is undergoing dramatic changes in response to increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. The 2016-2017 Canada Basin Acoustic Propagation Experiment was conducted to assess the effects of the changes in the sea ice and ocean structure in the Beaufort Gyre on low-frequency underwater acoustic propagation and ambient sound. An ocean acoustic tomography array with a radius of 150 km that consisted of six acoustic transceivers and a long vertical receiving array measured the impulse responses of the ocean at a variety of ranges every four hours using broadband signals centered at about 250 Hz. The peak-to-peak low-frequency travel-time variability of the early, resolved ray arrivals that turn deep in the ocean was only a few tens of milliseconds, roughly an order of magnitude smaller than observed in previous tomographic experiments at similar ranges, reflecting the small spatial scale and relative sparseness of mesoscale eddies in the Canada Basin. The high-frequency travel-time fluctuations were approximately 2 ms root-mean-square, roughly comparable to the expected measurement uncertainty, reflecting the low internal-wave energy level. The travel-time spectra show increasing energy at lower frequencies and enhanced semidiurnal variability, presumably due to some combination of the semidiurnal tides and inertial variability.
Milk-CLA is a biomarker for traditional farm milk but is not responsible for the allegro-protective farm milk effect in a murine model of airway inflammation (2012)

Cross-sectional epidemiological studies have demonstrated that farm milk from traditional farm settings in alpine regions and different rural non-alpine regions possesses allergo-protective properties. We aimed to elucidate possible biomarkers characteristic for farm milk by comparing farm and dairy milk samples collected with the “Protection against Allergy Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE)/Mechanisms of early life protection against allergy (EFRAIM)-Study” for their fatty acid pattern. In addition, we aimed to analyze possible candidates for their allegro-protective capacities in an experimental approach. Therefore, milk fatty acid content in cow's milk and murine sera were determined by using gas chromatography. We used female Balb/C mice in a model of acute airway inflammation and determined whether diets enriched with spray-dried farm milk powder rich in CLA attenuate the allergic lung inflammation. CLA might be a biomarker for farm milk that harbors allegro-protective properties. Feeding animals with a diet enriched with spray-dried farm milk powder milk rich in CLA did increase the CLA content in plasma, erythrocyte membranes and phospholipids, indicating bioavailability of milk fatty acids incorporated into the diet. Nevertheless, this application did not reduce the leukocyte infiltration, airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) or the concentration of lipid mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in sensitized and challenge mice compared to mice fed CLA-free diet. Taken together, our data indicate that CLA might act as a biomarker for allegro-protective farm milk but is not involved in the allegro-protective effect of farm milk.
Influence of process parameters on properties of piezoelectric AlN and AlScN thin films for sensor and energy harvesting applications (2015)

This paper reports on the deposition of AlN and Al<sub>X</sub>Sc<sub>1-X</sub>N films by pulse magnetron sputtering. The influence of process parameters on the film properties and the evaluation of the films for micro energy harvesting are presented. For AlN it is shown, that film stress can be varied in a considerable range between compressive and tensile stress while maintaining good piezoelectric properties. Additionally, the effect of doping AlN with Sc regarding piezoelectric and mechanical properties is presented. The films show the expected increase of piezoelectric properties as well as the softening of the material with higher Sc concentrations. Above a threshold concentration of around 40% Sc in the Al<sub>X</sub>Sc<sub>1-X</sub>N films, there exists a separation into two phases, an Al-rich and a Sc-rich wurtzite phase, which is shown by XRD. At Sc concentrations higher than 50%, the films are not piezoelectric, as the films are composed primarily of the cubic ScN phase. Sc doping allows to significantly increase the energy generated in test setup. Up to 350 &mu;W power have been generated under optimum conditions.
Promising therapies for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2015)

Newer compounds with different mechanisms of action, such as B-cell receptor signal transduction inhibitors, lenalidomide, next generation mAbs and several pro-apoptotic molecules, have shown efficacy in relapsed or refractory CLL patients. Several studies are under way to investigate the efficacy of combinations of these novel drugs. Hopefully, the combined use of these molecules in risk-adapted treatment strategies will change the therapeutic approach in the near future and will pave the way for a long-term control of CLL.
Reactions in Dynamic Self‐Assemblies (2012)

Abstract The dynamic processes in self‐assemblies are involved in numerous domains that span throughout the modern aspects of chemical sciences, going from fundamental investigations into the origin of life to the most striking technological applications in medicine or electronics. This chapter aims at providing the reader with a brief overview of the concepts that link chemical reactivity with dynamic templates and catalysts made of large supramolecular assemblies. Specifically, we discuss kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of selected examples depending on (i) the nature of the matrix — that is, micelles, vesicles, liquid crystals, and gels; (ii) the nature of their constituents — that is, surfactants, block copolymers, bioactive macromolecules; and (iii) the nature of the chemical transformations that are performed — that is, reaction of small organic molecules, biomolecules, polymerizations, nanoparticle formation, and also reactions that involve the constituents of the matrix themselves as observed, for instance, in self‐reproducing systems. In each section, we combine original papers that paved the field together with more recent works of particular interest; several reviews are also referenced to help in accessing a more comprehensive literature.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Transformation of Pyrimidine‐4(1H)‐thiones with Cyclohexanespiro‐ 3′‐oxaziridine: Synthesis of 5‐(2‐Amino‐1‐arylethynyl)‐1,2,4‐ thiadiazoles. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Challenges of Standardization: Marker Compounds in Plant Species Related and Unrelated to Top-Selling Herbs (2003)

ABSTRACT Many herbal supplements sold today are standardized by a specific chemical constituent or constituents, the presence of which is presumed to validate the botanical identity of the herb. This assumption, however, does not take into account the variability of occurrence for these constituents among other members of the plant kingdom. This paper discusses whether chemical constituents generally used for standardization of 13 top-selling herbs are unique in their occurrence and, if not, indicates other plants that may potentially play a role as adulterants.
IN-LINE FUEL SULFUR ANALYZER FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF DESULFURIZERS FOR FUEL CELL AUXILIARY POWER (2014)

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;Combat vehicles have unmet needs for auxiliary power units (APUs) that reduce fuel consumption and offer improved operational effectiveness and soldier safety. Adoption of fuel cell APU technology is hindered by requirements for fuel desulfurization and reforming. Both solid-oxide and polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cells are poisoned by sulfur compounds in jet fuels. To more efficiently manage desulfurization processes, improved in-line methods of determining the sulfur content of fuel are required. Mainstream Engineering is developing a compact, in-line analyzer for measuring total sulfur in jet fuel for fuel cell applications. This analyzer enables less frequent desulfurizer regeneration events when compared to scheduling regenerations based on the assumed worst-case sulfur limit. The measurement technique uses multivariate analysis of Raman intensity spectra, which offers calibration robustness, contaminant detection, and identification of fuel type.&lt;/p&gt;
Enhanced Photocurrent in Organic Photoelectric Cells Based on Surface Plasmon Excitations (1995)

Surface plasmons (SP) were excited on both of the electrodes of organic photoelectric cells of Al/copper phthalocyanine/Ag structure using the attenuated total reflection method to examine the influence of excitation of SP on photoelectric effects. A marked increase in the photocurrent was caused by the excitation of SP. Origin of the enhancement of photocurrent due to excitation of SP is discussed based on the experimental results and the calculations of the electric field inside the cell showing that the enhancement cannot be explained only by the intensity of electric field.
Viagra and Wound Healing (2008)

Richard "Sal" Salcido, MD, is the Editor-in-Chief of Advances in Skin & Wound Care and the Course Director for the Annual Clinical Symposium on Advances in Skin & Wound Care. He is the William Erdman Professor and Chairman, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Senior Fellow, Institute on Aging; and Associate, Institute of Medicine and Bioengineering, at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA.Figure
Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming (2022)

Plants offer several unique advantages in the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals for humans and animals. Although numerous recombinant proteins have been expressed in plants, only a small fraction have been successfully put into use. The hugely distinct expression systems between plant and animal cells frequently cause insufficient yield of the recombinant proteins with poor or undesired activity. To overcome the issues that greatly constrain the development of plant-produced pharmaceuticals, great efforts have been made to improve expression systems and develop alternative strategies to increase both the quantity and quality of the recombinant proteins. Recent technological revolutions, such as targeted genome editing, deconstructed vectors, virus-like particles, and humanized glycosylation, have led to great advances in plant molecular farming to meet the industrial manufacturing and clinical application standards. In this review, we discuss the technological advances made in various plant expression platforms, with special focus on the upstream designs and milestone achievements in improving the yield and glycosylation of the plant-produced pharmaceutical proteins.
Pattern matching for spatial point sets (2002)

Two sets of points in d-dimensional space are given: a data set D consisting of N points, and a pattern set or probe P consisting of k points. We address the problem of determining whether there is a transformation, among a specified group of transformations of the space, carrying P into or near (meaning at a small directed Hausdorff distance of) D. The groups we consider are translations and rigid motions. Runtimes of approximately O(nlogn) and O(n/sup d/logn) respectively are obtained (letting n=max{N,k} and omitting the effects of several secondary parameters). For translations, a runtime of approximately O(n(ak+1)log/sup 2/n) is obtained for the case that a constant fraction /spl alpha/<1 of the points of the probe is allowed to fail to match.