gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Ndn</i> expression analyzed by RT-qPCR in <i>Ndn+m/−p</i> mice. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;RT-qPCR analysis of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts. A) &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts in E12 WT embryos and selected brain tissues from P1 (whole brain, hypothalamus, pons) or adult (hypothalamus) WT mice. B) &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts in &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; E12 embryos and brain tissues from P1 (whole brain, hypothalamus, pons) or adult (hypothalamus) &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; mice. C–F) Quantification of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts in &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt;+m/−p E12 embryos (C,D) and whole brain (C,E) and pons (C,F) from P1 mice with respect to parental genotype (C) and to the maternal or paternal genotype contribution indicating a grandparental influence (D–F). G) Quantification of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts in &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; E12 embryos, P1 and adult &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; brain tissues in male (M) and female (F) mice. H) Quantification of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcripts in &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; E12 embryos and &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; P1 mice in C57Bl/6J and S129Sv/Pas mouse strains. The &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; transcript copy number in &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; offspring (E12, P1 brain, P1 pons; n = 71) issued from a cross between a WT female and a &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt;+/− male is significantly more than 2 fold higher than the &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; copy number in &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; offspring (n = 51) issued from a &lt;i&gt;Ndn+/−&lt;/i&gt; female crossed with a &lt;i&gt;Ndn−/−&lt;/i&gt; male (C). Considering separately the effect of the maternal or paternal genotype, we showed that when the mother is WT and the father is (+/−), with a maternal &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; mutant allele (−m/+p) or a paternal &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; mutant allele (+m/−p), then there is no difference in the copy number of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; maternal transcripts between the &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; individuals of the offspring of both types of crosses (n = 25 and n = 46, respectively) (D,E,F). However, we observed an effect of the maternal genotype, with a significant difference in the level of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; maternal transcripts between the &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; individuals (n = 22) issued from a (−m/+p female X −/− male) compared with the &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; individuals (n = 29) issued from a (+m/−p female X −/− male) (D,E,F); the +/+ or &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; maternal genotype is correlated with a significant three times higher level of &lt;i&gt;Ndn&lt;/i&gt; maternal expression in the &lt;i&gt;Ndn+m/−p&lt;/i&gt; offspring. Values are represented as Median (Q1, Q3). WMW test, two-tailed. * P value&lt;0.05 and ** &lt;0.01.&lt;/p&gt;
UDL in the Middle School Science Classroom (2013)

This article examined the performance of 57 students with learning disabilities (LD) from four middle schools. Students were followed over the course of a school year in their inclusive science classrooms as they alternated between the use of traditional curricular materials for some units of study and materials that were supplemented with video games and alternative print-based texts to more closely align with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines during other units. Findings indicate that video games and supplemental text were effective at providing students with multiple means of representation and expression. The UDL-aligned units led to heightened levels of student engagement. There were no significant differences on posttest scores when students with LD were compared with peers without LD. Students’ performance did not indicate significant differences between UDL-aligned units and those taught using traditional curricular materials. Findings suggest a need for alternative assessments to measure learning outcomes during UDL-aligned units. Implications for practice and areas of future research are discussed.
Introducing the Cuddlebot (2015)

We present the Cuddlebot, a cat-sized robot equipped with a full-body, flexible fabric pressure sensitive touch sensor. Cuddlebot can move its head, arch its back, purr, and change how it ``breathes.' Our research explores how touch interactions affect stress and anxiety mitigation, and we demonstrate our current gesture recognition system, enabling users to connect sensed gestures and response behaviours.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-2 P12A polymorphism and risk of acute myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke: A case-cohort study and meta-analyses (2008)

Our study in healthy Dutch women in combination with the meta-analyses of previous reports does not provide support for a role of P12A polymorphism in PPARG gene in MI and CHD risk. Also our study shows that the polymorphism has no association with IS risk.
교사변인을 중심으로 한 자연친화 유아교육의 연구 동향: 국내 학술지 연구 분석 (2016)

본 연구는 교사를 연구 대상으로 한 자연친화 유아교육 연구의 동향을 살펴보기 위해서 실시되었다. 연구 목적을 위해서 2015년 10월까지 발표된 학술지 논문을 연구 주제와 연구 방법으로 나누어 분석하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구 주제를 범주화 하여 연구 동향을 살펴본 결과,‘교사의 자연친화 교육경험’을 주제로 한 논문이 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 ‘자연친화 교육에 대한 교사의 인식’을 주제로 한 논문이 많았다. 다음으로 ‘자연친화 교육을 위한 교사 교육’, ‘자연친화 교육의 실태’, ‘자연친화 교육을 위한 교사의 자질’, ‘교사의 자연친화적 태도 평가’ 순이었다. 둘째, 연구대상에 따른 동향을 살펴본 결과, 어린이집 교사와 유치원 교사를 대상으로 한 논문의 수가 많았고 다음으로 예비교사, 어린이집 원장, 유치원 원장, 학술 자료 순으로 논문 수가 많았다. 셋째, 자료 수집 방법에 따른 동향은 질적 연구, 양적 연구, 문헌 연구 순으로 나타났다. 종합해 보면, 교사 관련자연친화 유아교육 연구는 2003년 이래로 지속적으로 이루어지고 있으나, 연구 주제와 방법에 있어서 편중된 경향이 나타났다.
Sandia/NIST reference cell calibration procedure (2002)

The Photovoltaic Device Measurement Laboratory (PDML) at Sandia in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed an indoor calibration procedure that improves the accuracy and reduces the time and cost of calibrating photovoltaic reference cells. The calibration procedure involves exposing the reference cell to an accurately known spectral irradiance provided by a 1000 W quartz-tungsten-halogen (FEL) lamp, measuring the cell's short-circuit current and temperature, measuring the cell's spectral response, and then applying a spectral mismatch correction to obtain the calibration constant for any desired reference spectrum. A comparative uncertainty analysis using wavelength-dependent measurement errors indicates that calibrations obtained using this new procedure have total uncertainties less than /spl plusmn/1%, less than standard ASTM outdoor calibration procedures. In addition, the new procedure has been validated for two years through intercomparisons with NREL, NASA-Lewis, the Fraunhofer Institute (FhG-ISE), and recalibrations at NIST.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Detection of Beef, Sheep, Deer, and Horse Meat in Cooked Meat Products by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (1992)

Abstract Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are described for the detection of mutton, beef, horse meat, and venison In cooked meat products. They represent an expansion of the species detection capabilities of previously described ELISAs for the detection of pork and poultry In cooked foods. These double antibody sandwich ELISAs recognize heat-resistant antigens in simple aqueous extracts of cooked meat products. Tests on laboratory-prepared and commercially cooked meat products accurately differentiated all tested meat components. However, some canned baby food meats and one canned meat product did not react in any of these ELISAs. Sensitivity of the assays was 0.13% or greater in tests of diluted cooked extract mixtures. No product Ingredients were found that interfered with test performance.
Effects of temperature, storage time and media on periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation of incisors in monkeys (2002)

The effect of temperature of various storage media and at varying storage periods upon periodontal ligament (PDL) and pulpal healing after tooth replantation was examined in green vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Mandibular lateral incisors with mature root formation were extracted and kept in dry storage at 22, 4 and -18 degrees C; in saline at 37, 22, 4 and -18 degrees C; or in saliva (i.e. in the buccal vestibule) at 37 degrees C for either 60 or 120 min prior to replantation. The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after replantation and the replanted teeth examined histometrically. The following histological parameters were registered for each tooth: normal PDL, surface resorption, inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption (ankylosis), downgrowth of pocket epithelium, periapical inflammatory changes, and the extent of vital pulp. A total of 125 replanted teeth were examined. Storage in saliva at 37 degrees C showed a similar amount of normal PDL compared to saline storage for both 60 and 120 min. Saline storage for 60 or 120 min showed no difference in the extent of normal PDL when storage was compared at 37, 22 and 4 degrees C. However, storage at -18 degrees C resulted in significantly less normal PDL than storage at other temperatures. Dry storage for 60 min showed significantly less root resorption at 4 degrees C compared to 22 degrees C. Furthermore, dry storage at -18 degrees C showed significantly less normal PDL than storage at 4 degrees C. When the dry storage period was extended to 120 min, no difference was found between 22, 4 and -18 degrees C. It is concluded that the temperature (above 0 degrees C) of the storage medium is of importance only for dry storage and in such a situation only for shorter extra-alveolar periods, i.e. for 60-min storage and not for 120 min, where extensive destruction of the PDL always takes place. It is suggested that the temperature effect of 4 degrees C could be related to less evaporation from the PDL and thereby less damage to the PDL cells or a strict temperature effect upon cell metabolism. Pulp healing in all the cases was limited to the entrance of the pulp canal, and no significant pattern was found between storage media, time and temperature.
Cantilever beam micro-contacts in a multi-chip interconnection system (2003)

In order to examine the use of a compliant cantilever beam structure as a contact scheme for a multichip interconnection system (MIS), multilayer (metals and SiO/sub 2/) cantilever beams were fabricated utilizing standard IC processing technologies and micromachining of silicon. The mechanical behavior and electrical characteristics of the beams were investigated to establish their optimum dimensions for use in the MIS. The number of inputs/outputs which can be achieved by this structure is approximately 1000 per 1-cm/sup 2/ chip site. Au-to-Au contact resistance measurements, as a function of applied force, were carried out employing the Nanoindenter. The contact resistance data and the results from calculations on the maximum deflection and resisting force of these beams suggest that, through proper design, it is possible to achieve simultaneously acceptable and stable resistance values (< approximately 0.32 Omega ) for signal transmission and reasonable flexibilities of beams. Computer simulation results show that the parasitics associated with a typical beam structure are very small (L approximately 20 pH, C approximately 20 fF) compared to conventional packaging technologies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Catalytic coal gasification for SNG manufacture (1980)

Exxon Research and Engineering Company is engaged in research and development on catalytic coal gasification (CCG) for the production of substitute natural gas (SNG). the catalysts being studied are the basic and weak acid salts of potassium. the use of a gasification catalyst allows the gasifier temperature to be reduced, reduces the tendency for swelling and agglomeration of caking coals and promotes gas phase methanation equilibrium. These features of the catalyst are utilized in a novel processing sequence which involves separation of product gas into methane (SNG) and a CO/H2 stream which is recycled to the gasifier. the predevelopment phase of research on this process concept was completed in early 1978 and included bench-scale research on catalyst recovery and kinetics, the operation of a 6 in diameter × 30 ft long fluid bed gasifier and supporting engineering studies. As part of the engineering programme, a conceptual design has been developed for a pioneer commercial CCG plant producing SNG from Illinois No. 6 bituminous coal. the paper reviews the status of research and development on the CCG programme and describes the conceptual design and economics for the commercial scale CCG plant.
Fish Friendly Vineyards: Is Cooperative Conservation Enough? (2010)

Over the past decade, Californians have witnessed ever increasing damage to the water quality and fish populations of the wine growing regions. Despite the best efforts of many winegrowers, agencies, and environmental groups, farming practices continue to exhaust certain species and violate provisions of the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”) and Clean Water Act (“CWA”). The lack of substantive law in this area makes conservation very difficult. Rather than settling for so-called incentive based voluntary programs, the time has come for California’s legislature to provide explicit and meaningful regulations to help safeguard California’s fish populations.
Two-photon absorption spectroscopy in ytterbium (1978)

Highly excited levels of ytterbium have been investigated using two-photon absorption spectroscopy and space-charge detection. The authors tuned the 0.2 cm-1 dye laser radiation over the range 3900-4100 AA and observed the even-parity states J=0 and J=2 belonging to the series 4f146s ns 1S0, 4f146s nd 1D2, 4f146s nd 3D2 from n=13-62, from n=11-64 and from n=11-21, respectively. Many strong perturbations appear due to configurations with a 4f13 core.
Scientists, growers assess trade-offs in use of tillage, cover crops and compost (2003)

Use of cover crops and compost increased soil quality in irrigated, intensive production of lettuce and broccoli in the Salinas Valley. These methods had the beneficial impacts of increasing soil microbial biomass, increasing total soil carbon and nitrogen, reducing surface bulk density and decreasing the potential for groundwater pollution as a result of nitrate leaching below the root zone. These soil benefits did not lead to lower yields and occasionally resulted in fewer weeds and lower lettuce corky root disease. Although surface minimum tillage reduced yields, it led to reduced potential for nitrate leaching below the root zone. Use of conventional tillage, cover crops, and compost produced high vegetable yields and acceptable net economic returns over a 2-year period, but broccoli was more profitable than lettuce under this regime. Understanding the trade-offs of various costs and benefits will help growers choose management practices that optimize economic and environmental benefits.
Further Justification for Development of Non-Invasive Thermometry (1998)

In this issue of the journal, the article by Ren et al. ‘A pilot study of intracavitary hyperthermia combined with radiation in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma’ presents results of a pilot study in which 25 patients were treated with an intracavitary microwave applicator for esophageal carcinoma. These treatments were given in combination with external beam radiation and intraluminal radiation. Hyperthermia was applied for 1 h before and after the intraluminal radiation procedure. Although the response rate in this series of patients was relatively good, the long term control rates did not appear to be any better than historical controls for radiation alone. Based on the low level of toxicities reported, however, the authors have suggested that this method is reasonable to consider for further clinical investigation.The real issue in interpreting the data presented in this paper relates to the fact that there is no intratumoral thermometry. As has been well established in other tumor sites, thermometric data is strongly correlated with treatment outcome. In the case where clinical results do not favour the use of hyperthermia compared with historical controls, one is left wondering whether the lack of improvement in control is due to inadequate heating. This is known to have been the case in several large clinical trials. Because no intratumoral thermometry was obtained in this series we cannot ascertain whether this was the fact or not. There is a significant challenge to providing intratumoral thermometry for sites such as the esophagus, and we have elected to publish the paper acknowledging this difficulty. Thus, it is possible that additional information on intraluminal temperatures could have provided some insight as to why some patients fared better than others in the series.However, even intraluminal temperatures are not a long term answer to this dilemma. If we are to move forward into the treatment of deep-seated malignancies, many of which are difficult or impossible to instrument with thermometric probes, we must emphasize further development of non-invasive thermometry. Significant strides in this arena have been made particularly using technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging. We encourage investigators involved in this area to continue this work which is vitally important to the continued development of hyperthermia.
Deep learning system to predict the 5-year risk of high myopia using fundus imaging in children (2023)

Our study aims to identify children at risk of developing high myopia for timely assessment and intervention, preventing myopia progression and complications in adulthood through the development of a deep learning system (DLS). Using a school-based cohort in Singapore comprising of 998 children (aged 6-12 years old), we train and perform primary validation of the DLS using 7456 baseline fundus images of 1878 eyes; with external validation using an independent test dataset of 821 baseline fundus images of 189 eyes together with clinical data (age, gender, race, parental myopia, and baseline spherical equivalent (SE)). We derive three distinct algorithms - image, clinical and mix (image + clinical) models to predict high myopia development (SE ≤ -6.00 diopter) during teenage years (5 years later, age 11-17). Model performance is evaluated using area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Our image models (Primary dataset AUC 0.93-0.95; Test dataset 0.91-0.93), clinical models (Primary dataset AUC 0.90-0.97; Test dataset 0.93-0.94) and mixed (image + clinical) models (Primary dataset AUC 0.97; Test dataset 0.97-0.98) achieve clinically acceptable performance. The addition of 1 year SE progression variable has minimal impact on the DLS performance (clinical model AUC 0.98 versus 0.97 in primary dataset, 0.97 versus 0.94 in test dataset; mixed model AUC 0.99 versus 0.97 in primary dataset, 0.95 versus 0.98 in test dataset). Thus, our DLS allows prediction of the development of high myopia by teenage years amongst school-going children. This has potential utility as a clinical-decision support tool to identify "at-risk" children for early intervention.
Negative Thermal Expansion inZrW2O8: Mechanisms, Rigid Unit Modes, and Neutron Total Scattering (2005)

The local structure of the low-temperature ordered phase of the negative thermal expansion (NTE) material ${\mathrm{ZrW}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ has been investigated by reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling of neutron total scattering data. We obtain, for the first time, quantitative measurements of the extent to which the ${\mathrm{WO}}_{4}$ and ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{6}$ polyhedra move as rigid units, and we show that these values are consistent with the predictions of rigid unit mode theory. We suggest that rigid unit modes are associated with the NTE. Our results do not support a recent interpretation of x-ray-absorption fine structure spectroscopy data in terms of a larger rigid structural component involving the Zr-O-W linkage.
Exponential error bounds for binary detection using arbitrary binary sensors and an all-purpose fusion rule in wireless sensor networks (2009)

Wireless sensor networks are considered in which sensors convey binary decisions over fading channels to a common fusion center. The fusion center first takes each received signal and makes an estimate of the transmitted bit. The average of the estimated bits is compared to a threshold to make a global decision. Exponential error bounds are derived that allow one to trade off signal-to-noise ratio versus the number of sensors to achieve desired average error levels. An attractive feature of the bounds is that they do not require exact knowledge of the wireless channel statistics; approximations are sufficient.
Effect of propionate toxicity on methanogen-enriched sludge, Methanobrevibacter smithii, and Methanospirillum hungatii at different pH values (1991)

The effect of propionate toxicity at different pH values (6.5, 7.0, and 8.0) on methanogen-enriched sludge. Methanobrevibacter smithii, and Methanospirillum hungatii was studied. Organisms were grown in Balch medium 3 in Hungate tubes, and toxicity was characterized by a decrease in production of methane and in bacterial numbers. Propionate inhibited bacterial growth and cumulative methane production at concentrations as low as 20 mM. In the absence of propionate, the methanogen-enriched sludge and M. smithii showed better cumulative methane production at pH 6.5 and 7.0 than at pH 8.0. However, in the presence of propionate, these organisms showed better cumulative methane production at pH 8.0. M. hungatii differed in its behavior; the best values of cumulative methane production for this organism occurred at pH 7.0. Bacterial numbers reflected the microbial response to the presence of propionate. The highest counts of methanogenic bacteria were observed at pH 6.5 and 8.0. The numbers of methanogens were affected by the presence of propionate even at concentrations as low as 20 or 30 mM; at propionate concentrations above 80 mM, the methanogen count was affected by at least 2 orders of magnitude. Upon comparison of the responses of the pure cultures and the methanogen-enriched sludge to increasing propionate concentrations, it was found that the sensitivity of the pure cultures was similar to that of the methanogens in the sludge.
Study of the Phosphorus Deactivation Effect and Resistance of Vanadium-Based Catalysts (2019)

We investigated the effects of phosphorus (P) on the catalytic activity and properties of V/W/Ti and V/Sb/Ce/Ti. As a result of investigating changes in the physicochemical properties of each catalyst added with P, in the V/W/Ti catalyst, P was bound to vanadium or tungsten in the form of PO3– (metaphosphate) and produced phosphate species. During this process, the Brønsted acid site on the catalyst surface was greatly increased, and the adsorption amount of ammonia of the catalyst was increased. However, the active site (V═O) and redox properties were reduced, which inhibited the reactivity of adsorbed ammonia, and as a result, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) efficiency was decreased. In contrast, V/Sb/Ce/Ti catalysts preferentially produce Ce–phosphate and Sb–phosphate. In this process, the production of PO3– and the reduction of the active site were suppressed, indicating high P resistance. In addition, with a low P content, the redox properties were increased, such that the SCR activity was improved.