gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review: Breast‐conserving treatment: Controversies and consensus (1996)

Although breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is an accepted alternative for the treatment of breast cancer, numerous controversies surround the selection criteria and the treatment details. A review of the literature revealed that patient selection is of critical importance. However, there is disagreement over the relative importance of some of the criteria for patient selection. A wide excision is preferable to a less complete excision (tumorectomy) or a more radical excision (quadrantectomy). Accurate assessment of surgical margins is important. The risk of local recurrence may be diminished if a re-excision is performed to obtain tumor-free margins. However, the suitability and practicality of the techniques used to assess the resection margins have been questioned. Radiotherapy is an integral part of BCT. Surgery alone remains an investigational approach. Axillary dissection remains a reliable method of assessing nodal status and treating regional disease. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Electroluminescent devices using a layered organic-inorganic perovskite structure as emitter (2001)

Self-organizing layered perovskite compounds like (formula available in paper) naturally form a dielectric quantum-well structure in which semiconducting PbI<SUB>4</SUB> layers and organic (C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>) layers are alternately piled up. Due to their low- dimensional semiconductor nature they exhibit a strong absorption and sharp photoluminescence from the exciton band. In electroluminescent devices pure green emission peaking at 520 nm with a very narrow half-width of about 10 nm has been reported. As the organic-inorganic layered structure has promising properties for EL-devices, we investigated two- and three layer structures using this perovskite as emitter material in combination with additional hole and electron injection layers. To get more insight into electrical properties and electroluminescence- mechanisms of this material, temperature dependent current- voltage-luminance characteristics have been measured, showing an increasing onset-voltage for current flow from 2.6 V at room temperature to about 8.8 V at 80 K. Electroluminescence is detected at temperatures below 150 K with onset voltages of about 13 V. At liquid nitrogen temperature efficiencies of (formula available in paper) are obtained.
Lost data recovery for structural health monitoring based on convolutional neural networks (2019)

Signal transmission loss of using wireless sensors for structural health monitoring is a usual case, which undermines the reliability of the sensors for monitoring the structural conditions. The measured vibration data with a high data loss ratio can hardly be used for the analysis, that is, modal identification, as it will lead to significant errors in the results. This paper proposes a novel approach based on convolutional neural networks for recovering the lost vibration data for structural health monitoring. The used network is a fully feed-forward convolutional neural network with bottleneck architecture and skip connection, which constructs the nonlinear relationships between the incomplete signal with data loss measured from the sensors with the transmission loss and the complete true signal. The trained network extracts the robust higher representation features of the measured incomplete signals using the compression layers and expands those features gradually throughout the reconstruction layers to recover and obtain the complete true signals. The long-term vibration data from Dowling Hall Footbridge are employed to validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach for the lost data recovery. Two case studies are conducted to validate the recovery accuracy for single-channel and multiple-channel cases, respectively. The effect of sampling rate on the recovery accuracy is also investigated. The proposed approach exhibits the outstanding capability of lost data recovery, even when the signals have severe data loss ratios up to 90%. To further demonstrate the reliability of the recovered signals for data analysis, modal identification results by using the recovered signals with different data loss ratios show a very good agreement with those obtained from the complete true data.
Reducing test application time and power dissipation for scan-based testing via multiple clock disabling (2003)

Two problems that are becoming quite critical for scan-based testing are long test application time and high test power consumption. Previously, many efficient methods have been developed to address these two problems separately. In this paper, we propose a novel method called the multiple clock disabling (MCD) technique to reduce test application time and test power dissipation simultaneously. Our method is made possible by cleverly employing a number of existing techniques to generate a special set of test patterns that is suitable for a scan architecture based on the MCD technique. Experimental results show that on average 81% and 85% reductions in test application time and power dissipation have been respectively obtained when comparing to the conventional scan method.
Bayesian compressed sensing in ultrasound imaging (2011)

Following our previous study on compressed sensing for ultrasound imaging, this paper proposes to exploit the image sparsity in the frequency domain within a Bayesian approach. A Bernoulli-Gaussian prior is assigned to the Fourier transform of the ultrasound image in order to enforce sparsity and to reconstruct the image via Bayesian compressed sensing. In addition, the Bayesian approach allows the image sparsity level in the spectral domain to be estimated, a significant parameter in the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> constrained minimization problem related to compressed sensing. Results obtained with a simulated ultrasound image and an in vivo image of a human thyroid gland show a reconstruction performance similar to a classical compressed sensing algorithm from half of spatial samples while estimating the sparsity level during reconstruction.
Supplementary Table 1 from Truncated DNMT3B Isoform DNMT3B7 Suppresses Growth, Induces Differentiation, and Alters DNA Methylation in Human Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 50K, Primer sequences used for PCR amplification as indicated.&lt;/p&gt;
Part Two: Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of E-Liquid Flavors of Vuse Solo Electronic Nicotine Delivery System, An Unblinded, Parallel, Randomized Study To Assess Nicotine Uptake In Smokers (2021)

Abstract This paper reports the findings of a randomized nicotine pharmacokinetic (PK) study of a closed electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS). The study evaluated four flavor variants of Vuse Solo ENDS where subjects used their randomized investigational product (IP) for 10 minutes ad libitum and blood samples were collected for PK assessments that included maximum plasma nicotine concentration (C max ) and area under the nicotine concentration-vs-time curve up to 60 minutes (AUC nic0–60 ). Baseline-adjusted mean C max ranged from 6.53 to 8.21 ng/mL, and mean AUC nic0–60 ranged from 206.87 to 263.52 ng*min/mL for all ENDS IPs. Results for C max and AUC nic0-60 values were consistent among the ENDS IP flavor variants tested and results indicate that flavors did not affect nicotine uptake in human subjects.
Respiratory Depression Following Diazepam (1980)

The authors compared the effects of naloxone and saline solution on the respiratory changes following diazepam in a double-blind crossover trial in six subjects. Following baseline measurements of respiration, each subject was given diazepam, 15 mg, intravenously. Sixty and ninety-five minutes later each subject received either two doses of naloxone, 15 mg, intravenously, or two doses of the equivalent volume of saline solution. Forty-five minutes after diazepam administration the slopes of the curves of the ventilatory responses to rebreathing carbon dioxide (VE/PETCO2) were depressed to 53 per cent of control (P < 0.05). Following the two doses of naloxone, the slopes of VE/PETCO2 recovered, until, 120 minutes after the second dose of naloxone, slopes had returned to control values. After saline solution, however, slopes remained depressed at 68 per cent of control (P < 0.05). A similar recovery following naloxone was observed in the PETCO2 intercept of the VE/PETCO2 response curve and in the slope of the mouth-occlusion-pressure response curve to rebreathing carbon dioxide. End-tidal carbon dioxide during quiet breathing and during inspiratory resistive-loaded breathing (80 cm H2O/l/s) showed small increases after diazepam, which were not significantly reduced by naloxone. The results of this study show that diazepam produces respiratory depression, and that this may be relieved by large doses of naloxone.
DNA Replication and Inheritance of Epigenetic States (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Replication in a Chromatin Context: Basic Issues and Principles Duplication of Nucleosome Organization Maintenance of Epigenetic Marks and Post-translational Modifications Concluding Remarks
Influence of polymerization conditions on the copolymerization of styrene with ethylene using Me2Si(Me4Cp)(N‐tert‐butyl)TiCl2/methylaluminoxane Ziegler‐Natta catalysts (1996)

Abstract Styrene was copolymerized with ethylene using Me 2 Si(Me 4 Cp)( N‐tert ‐butyl)TiCl 2 /methylaluminoxane (Me = methyl, Cp = cyclopentadienyl) varying monomer concentration, styrene/ethylene molar ratio and polymerization temperature. Increasing styrene or decreasing ethylene concentration, respectively, in the monomer feed lowered both activity of the catalyst system and molecular weight of the copolymer. Only at low styrene content, a linear correlation of styrene concentration in the monomer feed and styrene incorporation in the copolymer was found. From copolymerizations at various temperatures the activation energy of the insertion step was calculated to be 56 kJ/mol. According to Fineman‐Ross plot, the copolymerization parameters are r E = 23,4 for ethylene and r S = 0,015 for styrene. Investigation of the thermal properties by means of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis revealed pronounced decrease of melting temperature and increase of glass transition temperature with increasing styrene content.
FPGA-Based Resonant Load Identification Technique for Flexible Induction Heating Appliances (2018)

Resonant power conversion provides high-efficiency and high-power-density power converters that have boosted the performance of many applications, including induction heating (IH). One of the main challenges of such converters is the fine tuning and operation monitoring of the resonant tank, especially when it is highly variable. This paper proposes an field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based load identification technique based on measuring the resonant capacitor voltage and calculating its spectral components. This approach proposes an accurate and cost-effective implementation, since the sensing, conditioning, and analog-to-digital conversion systems can be significantly simplified to a single low-harmonic-content signal. The proposed approach has been tested using a wide range of IH loads and operating conditions, proving the feasibility of this proposal.
Organising circle time (2009)

Many pre-school setttings have their own variations on circle time. What works best? Sara Stocks shares some approaches that she has found useful and some techniques for managing different situations
Low sun exposure acts synergistically with high Epstein−Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA‐1) antibody levels in multiple sclerosis etiology (2021)

Low sun exposure may either directly, or indirectly by affecting vitamin D levels, synergistically reinforce pathogenic mechanisms, such as aspects of the adaptive immune response, related to MS risk conveyed by EBV infection.
Investigation of the Sintering Process Using Non-Contact Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (2008)

In-situ characterizations of green state part density and sintering state have long been desired in the powder metal community. Recent advances in non-contact electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) technology have enabled in-situ monitoring of acoustic amplitude and velocity as sintering proceeds. Samples were made from elemental powders of Al (99.99%), Al (99.7%), Ag, (99.99%), Cu (99.99%) and Fe (99.9%). The powders were pressed in a uniaxial die and examined with acoustic waves for changes in velocity and amplitude during sintering for the samples containing Al, Ag, and Cu. The changes in acoustic properties were correlated with sample microstructures and mechanical properties. Evolution of a series of reverberating echoes during sintering is shown to provide information on the state of sintering, and changes in sintering kinetics as well as having the potential for detection of interior flaws.
Fixed combination of oral NEPA (netupitant‐palonosetron) for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving multiple cycles of chemotherapy: Efficacy data from 2 randomized, double‐blind phase III studies (2019)

Study 1, NCT01339260; Study 2, NCT01376297.
Development and Testing of a Drive System for Electric Vehicles (2007)

Simulation of drive systems incorporating fuel cells and batteries is prone to difficulties associated with the long load cycles and the nature of their operation. In this paper we present a practical experimental strategy for investigating the performance of a range of vehicle systems. Hardware is scaled using control methods and power electronics allowing various setups to be tested in real time while requiring minimal changes to the hardware. A fuel cell emulator based on a real 50 W fuel cell system is developed and results are given for a typical system.
Using an injection-locked diode laser to pump a CW Raman laser (2000)

We demonstrate the use of an injection-locked diode laser (792 nm) as the pump source for a continuous-wave (CW) Raman laser with Stokes emission at 1182 nm. Phase modulation of the master signal is imparted to the slave laser output in order to generate an error signal for phase/frequency locking via the Pound-Drever-Hall method. To illustrate the utility of this technique, we achieve the highest pump rate yet observed for a CW Raman laser (>90 times threshold) and compare the data to the existing theory. We also show how current modulation of the slave laser can eliminate the need for an electrooptic modulator in the system altogether.
General biochemical synthesis of oxygenated prostaglandins E (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral biochemical synthesis of oxygenated prostaglandins ECharles J. Sih, Gabor Ambrus, Paul Foss, and C. J. LaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 13, 3685–3687Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01041a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01041a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Repair of the flexor pollicis longus tendon in children (2000)

T his is a retrospective study of primary repairs of flexor pollicis longus in 16 children under 15 years of age. Patients with injuries to the median or ulnar nerve at the wrist, crush injuries, skin loss or fracture were excluded. Repairs were carried out within 24 hours using a modified Kessler technique. The mean follow-up was for two years.
Automated Angiogenesis Quantification through advanced Image Processing Techniques (2006)

Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels in tumors, is an interactive process between tumor, endothelial and stromal cells in order to create a network for oxygen and nutrients supply, necessary for tumor growth. According to this, angiogenic activity is considered a suitable method for both tumor growth or inhibition detection. The angiogenic potential is usually estimated by counting the number of blood vessels in particular sections. One of the most popular assay tissues to study the angiogenesis phenomenon is the developing chick embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), which is a highly vascular structure lining the inner surface of the egg shell. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an automated image analysis method that would give an unbiased quantification of the micro-vessel density and growth in angiogenic CAM images. The presented method has been validated by comparing automated results to manual counts over a series of digital chick embryo photos. The results indicate the high accuracy of the tool, which has been thus extensively used for tumor growth detection at different stages of embryonic development.
Targeted disruption of the orphanin FQ/nociceptin gene increases stress susceptibility and impairs stress adaptation in mice (1999)

The neuropeptide orphanin FQ (also known as nociceptin; OFQ/N) has been implicated in modulating stress-related behavior. OFQ/N was demonstrated to reverse stress-induced analgesia and possess anxiolytic-like activity after central administration. To further study physiological functions of OFQ/N, we have generated OFQ/N-deficient mice by targeted disruption of the OFQ/N gene. Homozygous mice display increased anxiety-like behavior when exposed to a novel and threatening environment. OFQ/N-null mice show elevated basal pain threshold but develop normal stress-induced analgesia. Interestingly, these mice show impaired adaptation to repeated stress when compared with wild-type mice, whereas their performance in spatial learning remained unaffected. Basal and poststress plasma corticosterone levels were found to be elevated in OFQ/N-deficient animals. Thus, OFQ/N appears to be crucially involved in the neurobiological regulation of stress-coping behavior and fear.
Pharmaceutical studies on 20% aminophylline powders and granules. (1988)

Powders and granules consisted of 20% aminophylline were prepared to improve physical properties of aminophylline powder.Two percent of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa), 5% of polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP) and 5% of starch paste were used as binders to make granules of 20% aminophylline.Distribution of particle size of all six different aminophylline granules conformed to standards prescribed in Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP).Values of angle of repose and grouping rate of granules of 20% aminophylline were lower than those of aminophylline powders, indicating that flowabilities of granules were higher than those of powders.The powders and the granules did not change in appearance for 30 days under severe condition (at 30°C, relative humidity of 92%).Content of aminophylline in each preparation was measured by absorption spectrophotmetry at 273nm.Among several preparations we tested, both aminophylline powders and granules with D-mannitol as a diluent were most stable for 30 days under severe condition.Disintegration time of the granules was within 10 minutes in water at 37°C.Dissolution test of the granules by paddle method showed a rapid release of aminophylline into water, indicating that bioavailability of the granules may be similar to that of aminophylline powders.From the results of this study, it is expected that 20% aminophylline granule with D-mannitol as a diluent is useful as a hospital preparation.
“Zeptofarad” (10−21 F) resolution capacitance sensor for scanning capacitance microscopy (2001)

We describe a sensor for use in a scanning capacitance microscope (SCM) that is capable of “zeptofarad” (10−21 F) capacitance measurement resolution in a 1 Hz bandwidth with a peak-to-peak sense voltage on the probe tip of no more than 300 mV. This sensitivity is based on experimental data and simulation results that are in excellent agreement. The complete sensor incorporates an oscillator (phase locked to a 10 MHz crystal oscillator), a coupled transmission line resonator, an amplifier, and a peak detector. The resonator is fabricated from copper-clad, low-loss dielectric material and its size is such that it is easily incorporated with a scanning probe microscope. The sensor’s use in the SCM enables capacitance resolution that has not previously been possible while retaining the instrumental advantages of imaging at low sense voltages. The performance of this sensor is discussed and compared to alternative scanning capacitance microscopy methodologies.
一览众山小 Nokia N95 (2008)

从前的诺基亚手机，给人的感觉—直是直板造型、非常耐用，不过时代是在发展的，现如今，诺基亚除了雄霸塞班S60智能手机界，继续保持强劲的功能之外，造型上也开始慢慢贴合用户的审美观，所以继N系列高端拍照智能手机N93之后，诺基亚再度重磅出击，推出了拥有500万像素卡尔·蔡司镜头的机皇N95。
Enhanced performance of organic light-emitting devices by atmospheric plasma treatment of indium tin oxide surfaces (2002)

Atmospheric plasma treatment of indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces has been studied and demonstrated to be the most efficient method in improving the performance of vacuum-deposited double-layer organic light-emitting diode devices, among various plasma treatment methods including low-pressure Ar plasma and low-pressure O2 plasma treatment. Although with a current–voltage characteristic close to low-pressure O2 plasma treatment, the atmospheric plasma treatment exhibits a 40% increase of electroluminescence efficiency. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that the atmospheric plasma treatment increases the work function and reduces the carbon contamination of ITO surfaces. Our results suggest that atmospheric plasma treatment is a cheaper, more convenient, and more efficient method than low-pressure O2 plasma treatment for improving device performance.
Highly efficient unibond silicon-on-insulator blazed grating couplers (2000)

In this letter, we report, design and fabrication of good asymmetrical Si-blazed gratings with a pitch of 383 nm, fabricated in unibond silicon-on-insulator using angled ion-beam etching. An output efficiency of 84% was achieved. The devices allow efficient coupling to/from small waveguides, of the order of 1 μm in height.
Interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS (2004)

Although post hoc, this combined analysis of the two large studies with IFNB-1b in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis suggests that both pronounced disability progression and continuing relapse activity might help in identifying those patients in the secondary progressive phase of the disease who are more likely to benefit from treatment.
Focal Molography: Coherent Microscopic Detection of Biomolecular Interaction (2014)

Noncovalent biospecific interactions between macromolecules play a crucial role in biology. The ability to detect them in real time is key for the understanding of biology at the molecular level and also for the development of diagnostic tests.