gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Salmacisia, a new genus of Tilletiales: reclassification ofTilletia buchloëanacausing induced hermaphroditism in buffalograss (2008)

For 119 y the fungal parasite Tilletia buchloëana has been known to induce female sex organs (pistils) in male plants of buffalograss, making them hermaphrodite. Here we report the life cycle characteristics and phylogeny for T. buchloëana based on morphology and large subunit region of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU-rDNA) to accurately place pistil smut within order Tilletiales. We found that T. buchloëana induces hermaphroditism in not only male sex forms of buffalograss by inducing the development of otherwise vestigial pistils but also in female sex forms by inducing hypertrophy of otherwise vestigial stamens (male sex organs). The fungus also induces the development of additional pistillate flowers in both infected male and female plants. Due to its pistil inducing effects we refer to T. buchloëana as pistil smut. Pistil smut exhibits a combination of morphological and life cycle characteristics that are unique among species of order Tilletiales. Phylogenetic analyses of nLSU-rDNA sequences using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and genetic distance-based methods show that pistil smut exhibits an elevated rate of nucleotide substitution and is as, or more, distant from Tilletia species than the basal group Erratomyces patelli. As such pistil smut occupies a phylogenetic position outside the current taxonomic circumscription of genus Tilletia. Therefore a new Latin binomial combination Salmacisia buchloëana is proposed as a sister taxon of Tilletia to accurately describe the phylogenetic position of pistil smut.
Six decades of evolution in Underwater Acoustics at the Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington (2015)

Professor Joe Henderson of the University of Washington physics department formed the Applied Physics Laboratory during WWII. The lab’s initial efforts were to redesign the magnetic influence exploders used in US torpedoes. One of the lab’s first Underwater Acoustics (UA) successes was development of transducers used in the Bikini Atoll Able test (1946). Those transducers, used to trigger other instrumentation, proved critical. Combining UA and torpedo expertise brought APL-UW to the forefront of tracking range design, construction and deployment in Dabob Bay, Nanoose, and St. Croix in the 1950s and 1960. Understanding the torpedo behavior seen in tracking ranges required measuring both the ocean environment and the acoustics within that environment. Making those measurements, as well as development and testing of models based on those measurements, also became standard operating procedure at APL, led in the 50’s by Murphy and Potter. This blueprint of applied research motivating basic research, and the pursuit of basic research via ocean experiments and high fidelity modeling, continues to this day. The presentation will follow this evolution. APL-UW ocean experiments carried out during that time, as well as notable APL-UW research papers, technical reports, computer codes and textbooks, will be used as guideposts.
A Ferromagnetic Carbodiimide: Cr2(NCN)3 (2010)

The same, but different: Chromium(III) carbodiimide (see structure), the first ferromagnetic carbodiimide, was synthesized from CrCl3 and ZnNCN and was characterized by X-ray diffraction. Despite being isostructural with antiferromagnetic Cr2O3, Cr2(NCN)3 adopts a ferromagnetic ground state as shown by SQUID measurements and correlated density-functional theory. At low temperatures, the phase shows a slightly larger magnetization than maghemite.
Cooperative Power Scheduling for Wireless MIMO Networks (2007)

We examine signaling strategies for wireless MIMO networks with interference. Previous approaches have focused on maximizing either individual or total throughput, resulting in an inefficient or potentially unfair allocation of resources. We propose two methods motivated by game-theoretic results. First, we extend the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium proposed in previous literature. Second, we present a cooperative method based on the Nash bargaining solution which provides an axiomatic arbitration scheme. Simulation results show that the Nash bargaining solution provides a fair allocation of resources without significantly sacrificing total throughput.
Re2O7/Al2O3·B2O3 metathesis catalysts (1986)

Low-loading Re2O7/Al2O3·B2O3–MR4(M = Sn or Pb, R = alkyl) catalysts show high activity and selectivity at room temperature (293 ± 2 K) for the metathesis of functionalized alkenes; this is attributed to their strong Brönsted acidity.
Prediction of vernalisation in three Australian Vrn responsive wheats (2003)

This study sought to better estimate vernalisation in winter wheats, so that their early development and time of anthesis can be better predicted. For this, an accurate relationship between temperature and the effectiveness of vernalisation is required. Using previously published data, our study found that the relationship between temperature and effectiveness of vernalisation can be suitably described by a quadratic function. In contrast, most previous studies used linear interpolation functions to describe vernalising effectiveness. These consist of a series of linear functions of temperature over adjoining temperature ranges. An advantage of quadratic functions is that they allow effectiveness of vernalisation to be described in terms of underlying physiological processes, and require the estimation of fewer parameters to predict wheat development. Our study found the cardinal temperatures for vernalisation to be –3°C, 6.5°C, and 15.9°C, that is for the lower, optimum, and maximum temperatures respectively. To allow for different upper temperature limits for vernalisation, 2 quadratic temperature-vernalising effectiveness functions were used to predict accumulated daily vernalisation at 3 field sites. These predictions of daily vernalisation were compared with corresponding estimates produced with 3 previously proposed linear interpolation functions. Varying degrees of agreement were found between estimates produced by the 2 types of vernalising effectiveness functions. Equations that have been developed to predict floral initiation in winter wheats have not been previously evaluated in Australian field environments. These equations utilise the same underlying relationship between accumulated daily vernalisation and a measure of floral initiation, often the appearance of double ridges. Two of these equations were used to predict the appearance of double ridges for a field-grown Australian winter wheat, JF87%014. Neither equation could satisfactorily predict the timing of the double ridge development stage for this wheat, whatever vernalising effectiveness function was used to predict vernalisation in the field. Both equations had greatest difficulty in predicting the double ridge stage, in environments where vernalisation most delayed development. This finding suggests that equations currently predicting floral initiation in winter wheats do not utilise an accurate relationship between accumulated vernalisation and floral initiation. An alternative method of predicting anthesis in winter wheats is to predict final leaf number, but this approach has not been reliably applied in environments where vernalising temperatures vary.
Application of α-Alkoxy Bridgehead Radical for Coupling of Oxygenated Carbocycles (2011)

A new coupling methodology for assembly of highly oxygenated carbocycles was developed. An α-alkoxy bridgehead radical was employed as the key reactive intermediate due to its potent reactivity, minimum steric interaction, and predestined stereochemical outcome. The radical of the trioxadamantane structure, generated from the O,Se-acetal, was reacted with electron-deficient cyclic olefins of various ring sizes. Intermolecular formation of sterically congested linkages between two tetrasubstituted carbons and application of the method to a three-component coupling were two significant achievements.
High-Redshift Quasars as Probes of Primordial Large-Scale Structure and Galaxy Formation (1998)

Several arguments suggest that quasars at z &gt; 4 may be in the cores of future giant ellipticals, and forming at the very highest peaks of the primordial density field. A strong bias-driven primordial clustering is then expected in these fields, which are naturally interpreted as the cores of future rich clusters. High-redshift quasars can thus be used as markers of some of the earliest galaxy formation sites. Recent discoveries of (proto)galaxy companions of z &gt; 4 quasars, and hints of strong clustering among high-z quasars give some support to this idea. The frequency of companions is much higher than is expected for a general field, or the upper limits for comparable redshifts in the HDF. Clustering of quasars themselves at z &gt; 3 or 4 may reflect the primordial large-scale structure.
A simple and robust method for combining dual-sensor OBC data? (1999)

In this paper, we propose a simple and robust method for combining dual-sensor ocean-bottom cable (OBC) seismic recordings for multiple attenuation. This method does not require an estimate of the ocean-bottom reflection coefficient but rather computes a time-variant scalar trace for each common hydrophone-vertical geophone trace pair. When this scalar trace is applied, it essentially equalises the amplitudes of the hydrophone-geophone trace pair such that multiple cancellation is achieved upon their summation. We then tested this method on both a synthetic and real dual-sensor OBC data set to evaluate its effectiveness. These tests showed that the multiple energy is greatly attenuated on both synthetic and real dual-sensor summed records, producing promising results.
Structural determinants of the capacity of heparin to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. II. Evidence for a pentasaccharide sequence that contains a 3-O-sulfate group. (1986)

Earlier work from our laboratory demonstrated that heparin inhibited the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo and in vitro. Both anticoagulant and non-anticoagulant heparin species were equally effective as antiproliferative agents. Previous structure-function studies indicated that hexasaccharide and larger fragments retained antiproliferative activity, whereas tetra- and disaccharides were inactive. These experiments also suggested that both N- and O-sulfates of heparin were necessary for growth inhibitory capacity. In this paper, we have further analyzed the structural determinants of the antiproliferative activity of heparin. These experiments were done using synthetically prepared and therefore chemically defined heparin oligosaccharides. We present evidence that a pentasaccharide fragment retains antiproliferative activity, and that the 3-O-sulfate on the internal glucosamine residue is critical for growth inhibitory capacity of the pentasaccharide. We also show that heparins obtained from different manufacturers differ significantly in their ability to suppress smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Restoration and Zoom of Irregularly Sampled, Blurred, and Noisy Images by Accurate Total Variation Minimization with Local Constraints (2006)

We propose an algorithm to solve a problem in image restoration which considers several different aspects of it, namely irregular sampling, denoising, deconvolution, and zooming. Our algorithm is based on an extension of a previous image denoising algorithm proposed by A. Chambolle using total variation, combined with irregular to regular sampling algorithms proposed by H. G. Feichtinger, K. Gröchenig, M. Rauth, and T. Strohmer. Finally, we present some experimental results and compare them with those obtained with the algorithm proposed by K. Gröchenig et al.
Measurement Uncertainty in Clinical Validation Studies of Sensors (2023)

Accurate clinical sensors and devices are essential to support optimal medical decision-making, and accuracy can be demonstrated through the conduct of clinical validation studies using validated reference sensors and/or devices for comparison. Typically unmeasurable, the true reference value can be substituted with an accepted physiological measurement with an associated uncertainty. We describe a basic model of measurement uncertainty that specifies the factors that may degrade the accuracy of an observed measurement value from a sensor, and we detail validation study design strategies that may be used to quantify and minimize these uncertainties. In addition, we describe a model that extends the observed measurement uncertainty to the resultant clinical decision and the factors that may impact the uncertainty of this decision. Clinical validation studies should be designed to estimate and minimize uncertainty that is unrelated to the sensor accuracy. The contribution of measurement observation uncertainty to clinical decision-making should be minimized but also acknowledged and incorporated into the clinical decision-making process.
Cooperative patrol planning of multi-robot systems by a competitive auction system (2009)

This research focuses on how a multi-robot system can work cooperatively to complete patrol missions. The planning and assignment of patrol points to the robots are the major issues to tackle with. A cooperative auction system (CAS) is proposed to solve the problem of patrol planning. Here, each mobile robot picks its own patrol points via the cooperative auction system and the system will continuously re-auction, based on the team work performance, to further improve the performance of cooperation for a large scale multi-robot system. From the experimental results, the proposed approach demonstrates several advantages, such as less time complexity, lower routing path cost, better workload balancing among robots.
Efficient error characterization in quantum information processing (2007)

We describe how to use the fidelity decay as a tool to characterize the errors affecting a quantum information processor through a noise generator ${G}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$. For weak noise, the initial decay rate of the fidelity proves to be a simple way to measure the magnitude of the different terms in ${G}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$. When the generator has only terms associated with few-body couplings, our proposal is scalable. We present the explicit protocol for estimating the magnitude of the noise generators when the noise consists of only one- and two-body terms, and describe a method for measuring the parameters of more general noise models. The protocol focuses on obtaining the magnitude with which these terms affect the system during a time step of length $\ensuremath{\tau}$; measurement of this information has critical implications for assessing the scalability of fault-tolerant quantum computation in any physical setup.
Une approche basée sur STATIS pour la fusion decartes topologiques auto-organisées (2014)

International audience
Principles of Chemical Reaction Engineering (2000)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Fundamentals 2.1. Chemical Rates 2.2. Relative Degree of Conversion 2.3. Selectivity and Yield 3. Microkinetics 3.1. Elementary Reactions 3.1.1. Fundamentals 3.1.2. Influence of Temperature 3.1.3. Influence of Concentration 3.2. Chemical Equilibria 3.3. Complex Reaction Schemes 3.3.1. Fundamentals 3.3.2. Polymerization Reactions 3.3.2.1. Conversion ‐ Time Curve 3.3.2.2. Radical Intermediates Concentration 3.3.3. Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions 3.3.3.1. Monomolecular Reactions 3.3.3.2. Bimolecular Reactions 3.3.4. Biochemical Reactions 4. Macrokinetics: Single‐Phase Systems 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Macromixing 4.2.1. Residence‐Time Distribution (RTD) 4.2.2. Batch Reactor (BR) 4.2.3. Plug‐Flow Reactor (PFR) 4.2.4. Continuous, Ideally Stirred Tank Reactor (CISTR) 4.3. Micromixing 4.4. <jats:s
Familial adenomatous polyposis (2000)

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome characterized by an increased predisposition to colorectal cancer and other benign and malignant extra-colonic lesions. FAP has been linked to germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene that encodes a protein with 2,843 amino acids that has important functions in the regulation of cell growth. A genotype-phenotype correlation has also been observed between mutations in the APC gene and polyp phenotype. We review the clinical and genetic features of this disorder and provide information on the diagnostic approaches and treatment options available for this disease.
Supplemental oxygen affects plasma insulin-like growth factors in embryos from selected lines of turkeys (1999)

Recent advances in our understanding of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) have improved our knowledge of the physiological roles of these peptide hormones during avian embryogenesis. However, little is known about changes in plasma IGF in response to changes in environmental factors. The objective of the studies reported herein was to examine the response of IGF-I and IGF-II in turkey embryos to changes in incubator gaseous conditions. Two experiments were conducted in which the fractional percentage of oxygen in the incubation atmosphere, a factor known to influence the energy metabolism of embryos, was investigated for its effects on circulating IGF-I and IGF-II in developing turkey embryos. Oxygenation during pipping and hatching is known to depress lactate, urates, and beta-hydroxybutyrate in growth-selected poult embryos, but elevate them in randombred control poult embryos. Plasma concentrations of IGF-II were similarly depressed in the growth-selected hatchlings. Circulating growth factor concentrations were influenced by oxygenation in lines of turkeys in which greater oxygen concentrations enhanced cardiac growth. Enhanced cardiac growth was inversely related to IGF-I concentrations in those genetic lines of turkeys. It was concluded that changes in poult embryo energy balance as well as changes in growth to adapt to environmental incubator conditions may involve changes in IGF-I and IGF-II. These changes appeared dependent on the genetics of embryos; embryos selected for growth show more fluctuation in response to environmental oxygen than embryos selected for egg production.
Sensitive immunohistochemical detection of WT1 protein in tumors with anti‐WT1 antibody against WT1 235 peptide (2010)

The Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) gene is overexpressed in leukemia and various types of solid tumor, such as lung and colorectal cancer, and plays an oncogenic role in their tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of WT1-targeting cancer immunotherapy in clinical settings. As expression of WT1 protein in tumor cells is a prerequisite for WT1-targeting immunotherapy, immunohistochemical methods to detect WT1 protein with high sensitivity and specificity are required. In the present study, we developed a rabbit polyclonal antibody (WT1-R) against the 9-mer WT1 235 peptide, which is used for vaccination. The specificity of WT1-R was confirmed by immunoprecipitation, western blotting analysis, and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunocytochemistry showed the same reactivity against five cell lines (K562, Daudi, HT-180, SW480, and PC-14), whereas levels of WT1 mRNA expression determined by real-time qPCR (RT-PCR) analysis were not equivalent. Next, we examined the reactivity of WT1-R in tissue samples compared with a previously developed anti-WT1 antibody, 6F-H2. WT1-R showed greater sensitivity for detecting WT1 protein expression in samples from four different breast cancer patients than 6F-H2 antibody. The discrepancy in WT1 expression between these methods suggested that immunohistochemical detection of WT1 peptide may be advantageous for predicting the efficacy of WT1 vaccine compared to RT-PCR, and the highly sensitive WT1 antibody, WT1-R, may be useful to detect WT1 protein in tumors.
Baggage Claim Area Congestion at Airports: An Empirical Model of Mechanized Claim Device Performance (1982)

Although baggage handling is a major airport expense and congestion of luggage claim areas is quite common, knowledge of how baggage claim devices perform their task under congested conditions is virtually nonexistent. In order to bridge this gap this paper describes a model that, for different demand conditions, can predict the performance of a claim device depending on its characteristics. The demand conditions considered include aircraft size, lag between arrival of passengers and bags, and the fraction of passengers that transfer. The characteristics of the claim device that affect performance are frontage length, cycle time, and maximum throughput. The proposed model can predict the accumulation of passengers around the claim device, the time it takes to handle a planeload, and the average passenger service time as the demand conditions and claim device characteristics change. Although the model is deterministic and makes a number of simplifying assumptions, it is also easy to apply if the arrival pattern of bags and people to the claim area is known. Thus, if predictive and/or normative models for these arrivals become available, fairly simple and realistic procedures to study a number of baggage claim area design and operation issues could be developed around the model. The model, which is based on data gathered at the American Airline, National Airline, and Western Airline terminals at San Francisco International Airport, was able to reproduce the observed light congestion phenomena quite well; especially in the case that consisted of a rather large planeload. Unfortunately, lack of resources prevented us to observe a variety of terminals, including situations with much congestion and many bags per passenger. Because of this, further refinements and/or fine tuning of the formulas is definitely recommended.
Phloem Exudate Protein Profiles during Drought and Recovery Reveal Abiotic Stress Responses in Tomato Vasculature (2020)

Drought is the leading cause of agricultural yield loss among all abiotic stresses, and the link between water deficit and phloem protein contents is relatively unexplored. Here we collected phloem exudates from <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> leaves during periods of drought stress and recovery. Our analysis identified 2558 proteins, the most abundant of which were previously localized to the phloem. Independent of drought, enrichment analysis of the total phloem exudate protein profiles from all samples suggests that the protein content of phloem sap is complex, and includes proteins that function in chaperone systems, branched-chain amino acid synthesis, trehalose metabolism, and RNA silencing. We observed 169 proteins whose abundance changed significantly within the phloem sap, either during drought or recovery. Proteins that became significantly more abundant during drought include members of lipid metabolism, chaperone-mediated protein folding, carboxylic acid metabolism, abscisic acid signaling, cytokinin biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism. Conversely, proteins involved in lipid signaling, sphingolipid metabolism, cell wall organization, carbohydrate metabolism, and a mitogen-activated protein kinase are decreased during drought. Our experiment has achieved an in-depth profiling of phloem sap protein contents during drought stress and recovery that supports previous findings and provides new evidence that multiple biological processes are involved in drought adaptation.