gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delay and area optimization for discrete gate sizes under double-sided timing constraints (2002)

A three-step algorithm is presented for the discrete gate sizing problem of delay/area optimization under double-sided timing constraints. The problem is first formulated as a linear program. The solution to the linear problem is then mapped onto a permissible set. Using this set, the gate sizes are adjusted to satisfy the delay lower and upper bounds simultaneously. It is shown that the algorithm is able to find a near-optimal solution in a reasonable amount of time.
Association Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Muscle Mass, Strength, or Physical Performance in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis (2021)

<b>Introduction:</b> Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an indicator for checking liver or bone disorders, but recent studies have shown the possibility of an additive indicator beyond the simple mineral-bone status in dialysis patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ALP level and various indicators for malnutrition, physical performance, or hospitalization in patients on hemodialysis (HD). <b>Methods:</b> This study was an observational study (<i>n</i> = 84). We included all patients undergoing HD with the following criteria: age ≥ 20 years, duration of dialysis ≥ 6 months, ability to ambulate without an assistive device, ability to communicate with the interviewer, and no hospitalization within the last 3 months before enrollment. Furthermore, none of the patients had liver disease. We recommended abstinence of alcohol for ≥ 1 month for the duration of the study. The patients were divided into tertiles based on the ALP level. Muscle mass [appendicular muscle mass index using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (ASM/Ht<sup>2</sup>), thigh muscle area index using computed tomography (TMA/Ht<sup>2</sup>)], strength [handgrip strength (HGS)], and physical performance [gait speed (GS), sit-to-stand for 30-s test (STS30), 6-min walk test (6-MWT), or Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB)] were evaluated. The number of hospitalizations was also evaluated. <b>Results:</b> The ALP level in the low, middle, and high tertiles was 50.5 ± 7.5, 69.8 ± 5.4, and 113.3 ± 47.3 IU/l, respectively. The high tertile group showed the poorest trends in ASM/Ht<sup>2</sup>, TMA/Ht<sup>2</sup>, HGS, GS, STS30, and 6-MWT compared to the other tertile groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the high tertile group for low HGS, low GS, or low SPPB had a higher odds ratio compared to the other tertiles. Subgroup analyses according to age, sex and diabetes mellitus showed similar trends as in the total cohort. Hospitalization-free survival rates after 300 days in the high tertile and the other tertiles were 53.8 and 77.2%, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.105). <b>Conclusion:</b> The present study demonstrated that ALP is associated with muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in patients on maintenance HD. In addition, the trend showed better hospitalization-free survival in the low or middle tertiles than in the high tertile. ALP can be considered as a simple and useful indicator to detect malnutrition, physical performance, or hospitalization in patients on HD.
Inferring the QoE of HTTP video streaming from user-viewing activities (2011)

HTTP video streaming, employed by most of the video-sharing websites, allows users to control the video playback using, for example, pausing and switching the bit rate. These user-viewing activities can be used to mitigate the temporal structure impairments of the video quality. On the other hand, other activities, such as mouse movement, do not help reduce the impairment level. In this paper, we have performed subjective experiments to analyze user-viewing activities and correlate them with network path performance and user quality of experience. The results show that network measurement alone may miss important information about user dissatisfaction with the video quality. Moreover, video impairments can trigger user-viewing activities, notably pausing and reducing the screen size. By including the pause events into the prediction model, we can increase its explanatory power.
Development of an Optical Assay to Detect SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Binding Interactions with ACE2 and Disruption of these Interactions Using Electric Current (2020)

Abstract This study proposes a novel optical method of detecting and reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that is sweeping the world today. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the β-coronaviruses characterized by the crown-shaped spike protein that protrudes out of the virus particles, giving the virus a “corona” shape; hence the name coronavirus. This virus is similar to the viruses that caused SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome), the other two coronavirus epidemics that were recently contained within the last ten years. The technique being proposed uses a light source from a smart phone and a mobile spectrophotometer to enable detection of viral proteins in solution or paper as well as protein-protein interactions. The proof-of-concept is shown by detecting soluble preparations of spike protein subunits from SARS-CoV-2, followed by detection of the actual binding potential of the spike protein with its host receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The results are validated by showing that this method can detect antigen-antibody binding using two independent viral protein-antibody pairs. The binding could be detected optically both in solution and on a solid support such as nitrocellulose membrane. Finally, this technique is combined with DC bias to show that introduction of a current into the system can be used to disrupt the antigen-antibody reaction, suggesting that the proposed extended technique can be a potential means of not only detecting the virus, but also reducing virus transmission by disrupting virus-receptor interactions electrically. Significance The measured intensity of light can reveal information about different cellular parameters under study. When light passes through a bio-composition, the intensity is associated with its content. The nuclei size, cell shape and the refractive index variation of cells contributes to light intensity. In this work, an optical label-free real time detection method incorporating the smartphone light source and a portable mini spectrometer for SARS-CoV-2 detection was developed based on the ability of its spike protein to interact with the ACE2 receptor. The light interactions with control and viral protein solutions were capable of providing a quick decision regarding whether the sample under test was positive or negative, thus enabling SARS-CoV-2 detection in a rapid manner.
Basal kinetic studies of Tc-99m DMPE as a myocardial imaging agent in the dog. (1982)

Newly synthesized Tc-99m dichlorobis(1,2-dimethylphosphino)ethane (DMPE) was investigated as a myocardial imaging agent with respect to its kinetics (dependent on both time and regional coronary blood flow), its percent organ uptake, and its imaging characteristics in the anesthetized dog. Most of these data are compared with those of Tl-201. Blood clearance of the two agents is essentially the same. Compared with Tl-201, Tc-99m DMPE shows faster overall kinetics, higher heart-to-lung ratio, equally good correlation with a wide range of regional blood flows, and higher liver uptake. At the time of peak myocardial uptake, the mean heart uptake of Tl-201 is 4.3%, compared with 2.9% for Tc-99m DMPE, yet only 0.9% uptake of Tc-99m DMPE is found in the lung as compared with 3.3% for Tl-201. These differences result in a heart-to-lung ratio of 2:1 for Tc-99m DMPE and 1:1 for Tl-201, based on the data obtained from the time-activity curve. The quantitative findings are supported by the superior quality of Tc-99m DMPE images of both normal and infarcted dog heart. The high hepatic uptake of Tc-99m DMPE is not a serious problem if images are obtained within 5-60 min after dose. These basic kinetic studies suggest that Tc-99m DMPE is a promising myocardial imaging agent.
Cysteine-22 and cysteine-38 are not essential for the functions of maltoporin (LamB protein) (1989)

Maltoporin in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli contains two cysteine residues, at positions 22 and 38 in the primary sequence. The role of these residues in determining structural stability, and their contributions to the maltoporin binding sites for maltodextrins and bacteriophage lambda, was investigated. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to alter each of these residues to a serine. A double mutant lacking both cysteines was also isolated. None of the substitutions affected maltodextrin binding or the binding of phage lambda, suggesting the variant proteins retain a native binding-site conformation. The mutants were assembled at wild-type levels into the outer membrane as maltoporin trimers but the temperature-stability of the trimer greater than monomer dissociation was slightly reduced in the presence of the Cys 38 substitution. However, it is unlikely that the stability of trimers was due to disulfide linkages between subunits since the native trimers are stable under highly reducing conditions in the presence of SDS; more likely the Cys greater than Ser substitutions slightly perturb intra- or inter-subunit hydrophobic interactions in regions predicted to span across the outer membrane.
A Genetic Algorithm for Two-sided Assembly Line Balancing (1999)

Two-sided (left- and right-sided) assembly lines in practice can provide several advantages over one-sided lines in terms of the required line length, throughput time, cost of tools and fixtures, and so on. This paper considers two-sided assembly line balancing with the objective of minimizing line length. The balancing problem is more complicated than that of one-sided lines due to sequence-dependency of tasks assigned to a pair of directly facing workstations. This paper shows how genetic algorithm can be used to solve two-sided assembly line balancing. For this, an encoding and a decoding method suitable to the problem are presented. Proper genetic operators and an evalutation function are also employed. Extensive computational experiments are carried out to show the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the algorithm is viable and promising in solution quality and computation time.
A Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Feature Learning of Thermal Images (2019)

The rotating machinery plays a vital role in industrial systems, in which unexpected mechanical faults during operation can lead to severe consequences. For fault prevention, many fault diagnostic methods based on vibration signals are available in the literature. However, the vibration signals are obtained by using different types of sensors, which can cause sensor installation issues and damage the rotating machinery. In addition, this kind of data acquisition through vibration signal induces a large amount of signal noise during machine operation, which will challenge the later fault diagnosis. A recent fault detection method based on infrared thermography (IRT) for rotating machinery avoids these issues. However, the corresponding literature is limited by the fact that the characteristics of the manual design cannot characterize the fault completely so that the diagnostic accuracy cannot exceed the diagnostic method based on the vibration signals. This paper introduces a popular image feature extraction method into the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on IRT for the first time. First, capturing the IRT images of the rotating machinery in different states, and then two popular feature extraction methods for IRT images, bag-of-visual-word, and convolutional neural network, are tested in turn. Finally, the extracted features are classified to implement the automatic fault diagnosis. The developed method is applied to analyze the experimental IRT images collected from bearings, and the results demonstrate that the developed method is more effective than the traditional methods based on vibration signals.
Human Action Recognition: Pose-Based Attention Draws Focus to Hands (2017)

We propose a new spatio-temporal attention based mechanism for human action recognition able to automatically attend to most important human hands and detect the most discriminative moments in an action. Attention is handled in a recurrent manner employing Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and is fully-differentiable. In contrast to standard soft-attention based mechanisms, our approach does not use the hidden RNN state as input to the attention model. Instead, attention distributions are drawn using external information: human articulated pose. We performed an extensive ablation study to show the strengths of this approach and we particularly studied the conditioning aspect of the attention mechanism. We evaluate the method on the largest currently available human action recognition dataset, NTU-RGB+D, and report state-of-the-art results. Another advantage of our model are certains aspects of explanability, as the spatial and temporal attention distributions at test time allow to study and verify on which parts of the input data the method focuses.
New technology in the car - the current state of developments (1998)

This paper concentrates on the new information technologies, called in Euro-speak telematics. The definition of telematics is telecommunications of information technology. Developments in autonomous navigation and traffic information services and how they are being integrated into vehicles are covered. The likelihood of the PC becoming part of the motor car and the consequences in terms of safety and the interface between the driver and the machine are considered. The paper then covers the developments in new information, warnings and control equipment, which are leading towards the concept of an automated highway. (5 pages)
LGG : 장관면역, 알레르기, 비만에 대한 효과 (2011)

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(ATCC 53013) 유산균은 현재 가장 많은 연구가 진행되고 있는 프로바이오틱 유산균들 중 하나이다. 이 유산균은 내산성, 내담즙성, 특유의 콜로니 모양, 장 정착성, 병원성 세균에 대한 경쟁적 저해작용 등의 선택기준을 통하여 분리되었고, 그 특성이 밝혀져 있다. 프로바이오틱 유산균의 선택기준이 진보하고 있지만, LGG 유산균은 아직도 매우 우수한 프로바이오틱 유산균이다. LGG 유산균은 그 유전적인 특성뿐만 아니라 설사예방, 아토피성 습진, 호흡기 감염에 대한 우수성이 임상시험을 통하여 입증되었다. 최근에는 임산부와 영아의 과체중에 대한 개선효과가 임상시험을 통해 증명되어 있다. 향후에는 특정 유산균 단독이나 과학적인 방법으로 선택된 프로바이오틱 유산균의 조합에 의한 유익성을 중심으로 복합 균주의 효과에 대한 새로운 증명이 기본적인 임상시험을 형성하게 될 것이다.
Buy-in-Bulk Active Learning (2018)

In many practical applications of active learning, it is more cost-effective to request labels in large batches, rather than one-at-a-time. This is because the cost of labeling a large batch of examples at once is often sublinear in the number of examples in the batch. In this work, we study the label complexity of active learning algorithms that request labels in a given number of batches, as well as the tradeoff between the total number of queries and the number of rounds allowed. We additionally study the total cost sufficient for learning, for an abstract notion of the cost of requesting the labels of a given number of examples at once. In particular, we find that for sublinear cost functions, it is often desirable to request labels in large batches (i.e., buying in bulk); although this may increase the total number of labels requested, it reduces the total cost required for learning.
Quantum information processing in optical cavities supported by noise (2003)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Plenio, D. E. Browne, and S. F. Huelga, "Quantum information processing in optical cavities supported by noise," in Frontiers in Optics, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2003), paper TuN1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Cover Picture: Physical Properties and Structural Characterization of Ionic Liquids and Solid Electrolytes Utilizing the Carbamoylcyano(nitroso)methanide Anion (ChemPlusChem 6/2013) (2013)

The cover picture shows a photograph of a plastic crystal, demonstrating the unusual appearance that these materials can have compared to traditional crystalline salts. The figure also shows the structure of the anti- and syn-isomers of the carbamoylcyano(nitroso)methanide (ccnm) anion. J. Pringle and co-workers report the use of this anion for the development of a new family of ionic liquids and organic ionic plastic crystals in their Full Paper on page 486 ff. The presence of both isomers within the plastic crystals is hypothesized to contribute to the plasticity and solid state conductivity of the materials.
A Multiobjective Evolutionary Tracking Indoor Positioning Algorithm for Smart Space (2008)

This paper is mainly devoted to identify an evolutionary approach based on search strategy, namely multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for indoor positioning (MEIP). Each subproblem is optimized by information from its several neighboring subproblems, which makes MEIP lower computational complexity at each generation and be capable of determining the user position with high accuracy. Experimental results have demonstrated that MEIP is able to achieve accuracy significantly better than the current WLAN location determination systems. It has been shown that MEIP using objective normalization can deal with disparately scaled objectives, and MEIP with an advanced decomposition method can generate a set of very evenly distributed solutions for n-objective test instances. The ability of MEIP to track a large number of users and to be used with large areas, the scalability and sensitivity of MEIP have also been experimentally investigated in this paper.
Restoring high frequency spectral envelopes using neural networks for speech bandwidth extension (2015)

This paper studies the methods of speech bandwidth extension (BWE) using artificial neural networks. Several types of neural networks, including bidirectional neural networks such as restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) and bidirectional associative memories (BAM), and feedforward deep neural networks (DNNs), are employed to restore high frequency spectral envelopes from low frequency ones. Compared with Gaussian mixture models (GMM) which are popularly adopted in the conventional statistical approaches to BWE, neural networks are better at modeling the complex and non-linear mapping relationship between high-dimensional feature vectors. Experimental results show that the neural network based BWE methods proposed in this paper can achieve better performance than the GMM-based one in both objective and subjective tests. Furthermore, the DNN-based BWE method outperforms the BAM and RBM-based ones which use shallow model structures.
Replication of recombinant herpesvirus of turkey expressing genes of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in specific pathogen free and broiler chickens following in ovo and subcutaneous vaccination (2011)

Replication of a recombinant herpesvirus of turkey vaccine expressing infectious laryngotracheitis virus genes (rHVT-LT) was evaluated in specific pathogen free (SPF) and commercial broiler chickens after various vaccination protocols (amniotic route at embryonation day [ED] 18; intra-embryonic route at ED 19; and subcutaneous at 1 day of age [s.c.]). Three experiments were conducted: in the first experiment, replication of rHVT-LT vaccine was chronologically evaluated and compared with the replication of herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) in SPF chickens; in the second experiment, the effect of different in ovo vaccination procedures on rHVT-LT vaccine replication was evaluated in SPF chickens; and in the third experiment, the effect of different in ovo vaccination procedures on rHVT-LT vaccine replication was evaluated in commercial broiler chickens with maternal antibodies against HVT and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (LTV). rHVT-LT vaccine replicated in chickens after in ovo (ED 18 and ED 19) or s.c. administration at a similar level. In vivo replication of rHVT-LT vaccine was slower than HVT vaccine. However, in vivo both rHVT-LT and HVT vaccines replicated at similar levels. Both vaccines were consistently detected in the spleen and feather pulp and at lower frequency in the lung. The frequency of samples with detectable levels of rHVT-LT DNA was lower in broiler chickens than in SPF chickens, probably due to interactions with maternal antibodies. Differences between SPF chickens and broiler chickens were found also in the transcription of the LTV glycoprotein I gene (gI). In SPF chickens, in ovo inoculation resulted in a higher number of spleen samples with detectable gI transcripts than s.c. inoculation. In broiler chickens, however, no differences in the level of gI transcripts in spleen samples were found between chickens vaccinated in ovo and those vaccinated by the s.c. route. Transcription of LTV gI gene in lung samples was very low in both SPF and broiler chickens. Further studies to evaluate the mucosal immune response elicited by rHVT-LT in chicken with and without maternal antibodies are warranted.
Relay-Enabled Task Offloading Management for Wireless Body Area Networks (2018)

Inspired by the recent developments of the Internet of Things (IoT) relay and mobile edge computing (MEC), a hospital/home-based medical monitoring framework is proposed, in which the intensive computing tasks from the implanted sensors can be efficiently executed by on-body wearable devices or a coordinator-based MEC (C-MEC). In this paper, we first propose a wireless relay-enabled task offloading mechanism that consists of a network model and a computation model. Moreover, to manage the computation resources among all relays, a task offloading decision model and the best task offloading recipient selection function is given. The performance evaluation considers different computation schemes under the predetermined link quality condition regarding the selected vital quality of service (QoS) metrics. After demonstrating the channel characterization and network topology, the performance evaluation is implemented under different scenarios regarding the network lifetime of all relays, network residual energy status, total number of locally executed packets, path loss (PL), and service delay. The results show that data transmission without the offloading scheme outperforms the offload-based technique regarding network lifetime. Moreover, the high computation capacity scenario achieves better performance regarding PL and the total number of locally executed packets.
Recovery discharge criteria after spinal anesthesia with articaine in day care surgery (2010)

van Bockel, R. M.; van den Bosch, E. W.; Struys, M. M.R.F.; van den Brom, R. H.G. Author Information