gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of Vaccinated and infected Pigs by Salmonella-specific IGa antibodies (2003)

Isotype switching from IgM to IgG or IgA leads to generation of high affinity antibodies during the immune response. This phenomenon can be applied for differentiation of early and late infection stages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of a newly developed Ig-isotype specific Salmonella antibody ELISA for discrimination between vaccinated and infected pigs. Using this novel ELISA we were able to detect different patterns of Salmonella-specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies following immunization with a S. Typhimurium live vaccine or after experimental infection with a nalidixic-acid resistant wild-type strain of S. Typhimurium. Interestingly, Salmonella-specific IgA antibodies represented an excellent tool for the recognition of fresh infection in vaccinated pigs. Under SPF conditions, we were able to discriminate between naive, vaccinated, experimentally infected nonvaccinated, and experimentally infected vaccinated animals. However, the highest specific IgA levels were detected in challenged vaccinated pigs. Preliminary results from field trials support the findings from experiments using SPF animals.
Erratum: Nononcological Bone Marrow Imaging (2023)

Correction to: Nononcological Bone Marrow ImagingSemin Musculoskelet Radiol 2023; 27(01): 001-002DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1762902
Consistency of color representation in smart phones (2016)

One of the barriers to the construction of consistent computer-based color vision tests has been the variety of monitors and computers. Consistency of color on a variety of screens has necessitated calibration of each setup individually. Color vision examination with a carefully controlled display has, as a consequence, been a laboratory rather than a clinical activity. Inevitably, smart phones have become a vehicle for color vision tests. They have the advantage that the processor and screen are associated and there are fewer models of smart phones than permutations of computers and monitors. Colorimetric consistency of display within a model may be a given. It may extend across models from the same manufacturer but is unlikely to extend between manufacturers especially where technologies vary. In this study, we measured the same set of colors in a JPEG file displayed on 11 samples of each of four models of smart phone (iPhone 4s, iPhone5, Samsung Galaxy S3, and Samsung Galaxy S4) using a Photo Research PR-730. The iPhones are white LED backlit LCD and the Samsung are OLEDs. The color gamut varies between models and comparison with sRGB space shows 61%, 85%, 117%, and 110%, respectively. The iPhones differ markedly from the Samsungs and from one another. This indicates that model-specific color lookup tables will be needed. Within each model, the primaries were quite consistent (despite the age of phone varying within each sample). The worst case in each model was the blue primary; the 95th percentile limits in the v' coordinate were ±0.008 for the iPhone 4 and ±0.004 for the other three models. The u'v' variation in white points was ±0.004 for the iPhone4 and ±0.002 for the others, although the spread of white points between models was u'v'±0.007. The differences are essentially the same for primaries at low luminance. The variation of colors intermediate between the primaries (e.g., red-purple, orange) mirror the variation in the primaries. The variation in luminance (maximum brightness) was ±7%, 15%, 7%, and 15%, respectively. The iPhones have almost 2× the luminance. To accommodate differences between makes and models, dedicated color lookup tables will be necessary, but the variations within a model appear to be small enough that consistent color vision tests can be designed successfully.
Current research status of pediatric atopic dermatitis in Korea (2018)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic inflammatory skin disorder that occurs primarily in children, with a prevalence of 10% to 20% of children worldwide. Genetic factors, environmental factors, immune dysfunction and skin barrier dysfunction play a role in its development. Because there are n...
Ureteroscopy as a First-Line Intervention for Ureteral Calculi in Pregnancy (2002)

Ureteroscopy may be considered a safe and effective first-line definitive therapeutic option in pregnant patients requiring intervention for stone disease.
Validation of Myocardial Acceleration During Isovolumic Contraction as a Novel Noninvasive Index of Right Ventricular Contractility (2002)

IVA is a measurement of RV contractile function that is unaffected by preload and afterload changes in a physiological range and is able to measure the force-frequency relation. This novel index may be ideally suited to the assessment of acute changes of RV function in clinical studies.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SULFOXONIUM ALLYLIDES WITH NITRILE OXIDES AND RING TRANSFORMATIONS OF THEIR REACTION PRODUCTS (1981)

Abstract Die Reaktion zwischen den Yliden (I) und den Nitriloxiden (II) liefert die Addukte (III) und (IV), deren Anteile bestimmt werden.
Analytical Plan for Roman Glasses (2011)

Roman glasses that have been in the sea or underground for about 1800 years can serve as the independent “experiment” that is needed for validation of codes and models that are used in performance assessment. Two sets of Roman-era glasses have been obtained for this purpose. One set comes from the sunken vessel the Iulia Felix; the second from recently excavated glasses from a Roman villa in Aquileia, Italy. The specimens contain glass artifacts and attached sediment or soil. In the case of the Iulia Felix glasses quite a lot of analytical work has been completed at the University of Padova, but from an archaeological perspective. The glasses from Aquileia have not been so carefully analyzed, but they are similar to other Roman glasses. Both glass and sediment or soil need to be analyzed and are the subject of this analytical plan. The glasses need to be analyzed with the goal of validating the model used to describe glass dissolution. The sediment and soil need to be analyzed to determine the profile of elements released from the glass. This latter need represents a significant analytical challenge because of the trace quantities that need to be analyzed. Both pieces of information will yield important information useful in the validation of the glass dissolution model and the chemical transport code(s) used to determine the migration of elements once released from the glass. In this plan, we outline the analytical techniques that should be useful in obtaining the needed information and suggest a useful starting point for this analytical effort.
Amino acids and immune function (2007)

A deficiency of dietary protein or amino acids has long been known to impair immune function and increase the susceptibility of animals and humans to infectious disease. However, only in the past 15 years have the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms begun to unfold. Protein malnutrition reduces concentrations of most amino acids in plasma. Findings from recent studies indicate an important role for amino acids in immune responses by regulating: (1) the activation of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages; (2) cellular redox state, gene expression and lymphocyte proliferation; and (3) the production of antibodies, cytokines and other cytotoxic substances. Increasing evidence shows that dietary supplementation of specific amino acids to animals and humans with malnutrition and infectious disease enhances the immune status, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality. Arginine, glutamine and cysteine precursors are the best prototypes. Because of a negative impact of imbalance and antagonism among amino acids on nutrient intake and utilisation, care should be exercised in developing effective strategies of enteral or parenteral provision for maximum health benefits. Such measures should be based on knowledge about the biochemistry and physiology of amino acids, their roles in immune responses, nutritional and pathological states of individuals and expected treatment outcomes. New knowledge about the metabolism of amino acids in leucocytes is critical for the development of effective means to prevent and treat immunodeficient diseases. These nutrients hold great promise in improving health and preventing infectious diseases in animals and humans.
Atorvastatin-Medicated Dentifrice Significantly Inhibits CD4+ T Cell Proliferation: In vitro Pilot Study (2017)

Reports indicate that statins (cholesterol-lowering drugs), in addition to lowering cholesterol, have an immunomodulatory effect. This effect may be beneficial for the treatment of several diseases, including periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of an atorvastatin-medicated dentifrice on CD4+ T cell proliferation. CD4+ T cell proliferation assays and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) viability assays were conducted on PBMCs from healthy donors cultured under the following conditions: control, atorvastatin solution, atorvastatin-medicated dentifrice, and dentifrice without atorvastatin at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 M. A Generalized Equation Estimation (GEE) model was used to analyze concentration versus proliferation and concentration versus percentage of dead cells within each group evaluated. Atorvastatin-medicated dentifrice (p-value <0.0001) and atorvastatin solution (p-value <0.0001) significantly inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation in a dosedependent manner compared with the dentifrice without atorvastatin and control conditions. Only the relationship between atorvastatin solution and percentage of dead cells was significant compared to the other conditions (p-value 0.019). The results revealed that atorvastatinmedicated dentifrice at concentrations of 1 to 100 M had immunomodulatory effects, inhibiting CD4+ T cell proliferation without affecting PBMC viability. The other components of the dentifrice did not affect CD4+ T cell proliferation or cell viability, indicating its utility as a vehicle to achieve the desired effects of atorvastatin in periodontal tissue. Controlled clinical trials are still needed to evaluate the clinical effects of an atorvastatin-medicated dentifrice on the periodontium.
MAGNETORESISTANCE COEFFICIENT OF ORDERED DENDRITIC (InSb + In) FILMS (1966)

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LIMITS OF SWOT ANALYSIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON DECISIONS IN EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS (2015)

SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis is useful in the decision-making process – crucial to any organization manager and/or strategist. This study aims to add value to the existing literature on SWOT, indicating its use and limitations, showing the need to link SWOT to other strategic tools and methodologies. As the current environment is turbulent and unpredictable, and economic cycles no longer comply with traditional rules, the precaution has become extremely important. That’s why SWOT should be supplemented with newer dynamic analysis capabilities and strategy tools, as early warning and opportunities system (EWOS), which can provide crucial inputs for scenario building, strategic thinking and decisions. EWOS is a novel approach based on three concepts that contribute to the ability of organization/project managers to develop outstanding capacity to "understand" and "benefit" in identifying opportunities and threats: (i) business and competitive intelligence; (ii) early warning thinking; (iii) strategic thinking in decision making process. EWOS is of practical use for strategists and decision makers.
Study on the Improvement of the Rock Fall Detection System using Steel Wire Cable Sensor-On the Effects of Signal Cable Insertion to Measurement Circuit and Grouping of the Sensors- (2006)

スチールワイヤ型ケーブルセンサ (SWCS) は, 通常のスチールワイヤの心材部に振動検出用ケーブルセンサを巻き込んだセンサで引張強度が大きく, 岩盤斜面に敷設した場合は小礫～岩塊の落下衝突振動を検知するので岩盤崩壊の予知に有効である. 現行の計測システムでは, 斜面に格子状に敷設したSWCSの一端に全天候型小型増幅器を接続し, 一旦増幅した信号を信号線経由で計測室へ伝送している. この場合, 斜面の小型増幅器接続部で故障しやすい. また, その際, 斜面上での修理作業は危険を伴う. SWCSの信号を無増幅で直接計測室へ伝送することができればシステム全体の故障発生確率を低減でき安全性も高まる. また, 複数のSWCSを並列あるいは直列に接続し計測チャンネル数を減らすことができれば故障発生頻度の低減・経済性の向上をはかれ, 実用性が高まると考えられる.本研究では, 「斜面上に増幅器を取り付けず, どれほどの長さの信号線をSWCS～測定室に介在させ得るか」, 「複数のSWCSを並列, 直列にグループ分けした場合, 静電容量の増加に伴う出力低下が問題になるか」を理論計算, 室内試験, フィールド試験で確かめた. 得られた主な結果は次のようである. 1) 回路方程式を用いた計算, 室内試験から, SWCS一端に増幅器を取り付けないで同軸信号線を延長できる長さは少なくとも120mである. 2) フィールドで各SWCSの一端に同軸信号線100mを接続した場合でも, 信号を増幅しないで測定室へ伝送でき, 落石を検知できる. 3) SWCSの一端に同軸信号線100mを接続した条件下で, 複数のSWCSを並列・直列に接続, グループ化した場合においても落石挙動を検知できる.
Mode coupling in circular-cylindrical system and its application to fingerprint resonators (1990)

Coupled-mode equations are given in the circular-cylindrical coordinate system for the evaluation of two-dimensional fingerprint resonators. The general form of coupled-mode equations is outlined. The coupling coefficients are found for transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes. The quality value Q is defined, and a numerical evaluation is given. A detailed derivation of the coupled-mode equations is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A review of research on GNSS antenna technologies at DRDC Ottawa Research Centre (2016)

GPS is currently the main Global Navigation Satellite System. GLONASS, the Russian GNSS, became fully operational few years ago. Other GNSSs will become soon available and a new generation of low cost receivers can take advantage all the systems to improve accuracy or robustness in a challenged environment. Such receivers need performant antennas and RF front-ends. This paper presents a review of research work on GNSS antenna technologies carried out at DRDC Ottawa Research Centre in collaboration with several universities.
Advanced receiver algorithms for MIMO wireless communications (2006)

We describe the VLSI implementation of MIMO detectors that exhibit close-to optimum error-rate performance, but still achieve high throughput at low silicon area. In particular, algorithms and VLSI architectures for sphere decoding (SD) and K-best detection are considered, and the corresponding trade-offs between uncoded error-rate performance, silicon area, and throughput are explored. We show that SD with a per-block run-time constraint is best suited for practical implementations.
Management of urethral recurrence after orthotopic urinary diversion (2009)

In our experience, local recurrences involving the urethra are infrequent. Complete surgical excision can provide a good outcome. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be considered for recurrences with adverse clinicopathological features.
Supplementary Figure Legends, Figures 1 - 4 from Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T Cells Inhibit Antitumor Immune Memory Modulated by mTOR Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 308KB, Supplemental Figure 1. Tumor increases Tregs. The percent of CD4 cells expressing FoxP3 were examined from lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from tumor (~1 cm in diameter)bearing mice and control mice without tumor (n=5 per group). Flow cytometry results and summary data are shown. Histograms provide mean + SEM. *p&lt;0.0,***p&lt;0.005. Supplemental Figure 2. αCD4 antibody depletes effector CD4 subtypes. a. Splenocytes (n=3 per group) were collected before (day 0) and 1 or 10 days after administering αCD4 antibody, and analyzed by flow cytometry. The number of total splenocytes staining for CD4 and IL-2, IL-4 or IL-17 is shown. b. Percent of CD4 cells staining for IL-2, IL-4 or IL-17 is shown. Histograms provide mean + SEM. Supplemental Figure 3. CD4 depletion and mTor inhibition enhanced the antitumor effect of DC vaccine in B6 mice implanted with B16 tumor cells. B16 tumor cells were implanted into B6 mice (n=5 per group) on day 0. Tumor-lysate pulsed DCs were administered on day 3. CD4 lymphocytes were depleted with αCD4 antibody on days 6 and 9. Mice were treated with daily temsirolimus on days 9 to 23. Tumor growth was monitored. *p&lt;0.05, **p&lt;0.01,***p&lt;0.005. Supplemental Figure 4. CD4 depletion prior to immune stimulation prevents formation of CD8 memory cells. The experimental scheme is similar to Figure 4 (n=5 per group). An additional group is included where αCD4 antibody is administered on day -1 and +1 (Group A). a. The percent of CD8 cells expressing Thy1.1 is shown from splenocytes harvested 5 days following rechallenge of memory cells. b. The percent of CD8 cells expressing Eomes is shown. Histograms provide mean + SEM. *p&lt;0.05, **p&lt;0.01,***p&lt;0.005.&lt;/p&gt;
Field modeling of circular microresonators by film mode matching (2005)

The film mode matching method for rigorous vectorial field analysis of circular microresonators and bent optical waveguides is described in detail. Immittance formulation is used to assure high numerical stability. Problems with the evaluation of cylindrical functions of complex order in the transition region and their cross products have been satisfactorily solved, which makes the method reliable and accurate. Results of two commercial mode solvers are used for benchmarking. The importance of vectorial modeling of microresonators is demonstrated by a numerical example.
ISOBUS - die Zukunft hat längst begonnen (2015)

Ein wichtiger Meilenstein auf dem Ende der 80er Jahre begonnenen Weg zur Einführung von Elektronik in der Landtechnik und Landwirtschaft ist die Entwicklung und Implementierung von ISOBUS als internationaler Standard für die Traktor-Geräte-Kommunikation auf der Basis des CAN- Kommunikationsstandards ISO 11898 'Road vehicles - Controller area network (CAN)'. ISOBUS bildet die gemeinsame Spezifikation der Hersteller, um die internationale Norm ISO 11783 'Serial control and communications data network' umzusetzen. Die Anwendung der ISOBUS Normenreihe hat inzwischen in vielen Teilen technische Lösungen hervorgebracht, die System- und Herstellerunabhängigkeit gewährleisten.
A Novel Spore Protein, ExsM, Regulates Formation of the Exosporium in Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis and Affects Spore Size and Shape (2010)

Bacillus cereus spores are assembled with a series of concentric layers that protect them from a wide range of environmental stresses. The outermost layer, or exosporium, is a bag-like structure that interacts with the environment and is composed of more than 20 proteins and glycoproteins. Here, we identified a new spore protein, ExsM, from a beta-mercaptoethanol extract of B. cereus ATCC 4342 spores. Subcellular localization of an ExsM-green fluorescent protein (GFP) protein revealed a dynamic pattern of fluorescence that follows the site of formation of the exosporium around the forespore. Under scanning electron microscopy, exsM null mutant spores were smaller and rounder than wild-type spores, which had an extended exosporium (spore length for the wt, 2.40 +/- 0.56 microm, versus that for the exsM mutant, 1.66 +/- 0.38 microm [P < 0.001]). Thin-section electron microscopy revealed that exsM mutant spores were encased by a double-layer exosporium, both layers of which were composed of a basal layer and a hair-like nap. Mutant exsM spores were more resistant to lysozyme treatment and germinated with higher efficiency than wild-type spores, and they had a delay in outgrowth. Insertional mutagenesis of exsM in Bacillus anthracis DeltaSterne resulted in a partial second exosporium and in smaller spores. In all, these findings suggest that ExsM plays a critical role in the formation of the exosporium.
FROM THE ORCHARD TO THE VIRGIN OLIVE OIL QUALITY: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW (2011)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): Olive Trends Symposium - From the Olive Tree to Olive Oil: New Trends and Future Challenges FROM THE ORCHARD TO THE VIRGIN OLIVE OIL QUALITY: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW
Thirty Years of Investigating the Autoimmune Basis for Type 1 Diabetes (2005)

Thirty years ago, a convergence of investigational observations lead to the now widely accepted notion that type 1 diabetes results from an autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells in subjects genetically predisposed to the disease. Improvements in understanding of the natural history of type 1 diabetes, the biochemical identification of autoantigens, the discovery of spontaneous animal models for the disease, the availability of immune-modulating agents, and other important facets, including disease prediction, drove an early sense of optimism that the prevention of type 1 diabetes was possible and, in some research circles, that ability was thought to be within a not-to-distant reach. Unfortunately, those early expectations proved overly optimistic, and despite the aforementioned knowledge gains, the generation of improved investigational tools, the identification of methods to prevent the disease in animal models, and the formation of very large disease prevention trials, a means to prevent type 1 diabetes in humans continues to remain elusive. Believing in the concept of "informative failures" (a.k.a., wise people learn from their mistakes), this lecture reviews the knowledge base collected over this time period and, when combined with an analysis of those research experiences, sets forth a proposal for future investigations that will, hopefully, turn discoveries into a means for the prevention or reversal of type 1 diabetes.
Position-Guided Point Cloud Panoptic Segmentation Transformer (2023)

DEtection TRansformer (DETR) started a trend that uses a group of learnable queries for unified visual perception. This work begins by applying this appealing paradigm to LiDAR-based point cloud segmentation and obtains a simple yet effective baseline. Although the naive adaptation obtains fair results, the instance segmentation performance is noticeably inferior to previous works. By diving into the details, we observe that instances in the sparse point clouds are relatively small to the whole scene and often have similar geometry but lack distinctive appearance for segmentation, which are rare in the image domain. Considering instances in 3D are more featured by their positional information, we emphasize their roles during the modeling and design a robust Mixed-parameterized Positional Embedding (MPE) to guide the segmentation process. It is embedded into backbone features and later guides the mask prediction and query update processes iteratively, leading to Position-Aware Segmentation (PA-Seg) and Masked Focal Attention (MFA). All these designs impel the queries to attend to specific regions and identify various instances. The method, named Position-guided Point cloud Panoptic segmentation transFormer (P3Former), outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods by 3.4% and 1.2% PQ on SemanticKITTI and nuScenes benchmark, respectively. The source code and models are available at https://github.com/SmartBot-PJLab/P3Former .