gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stan (2015)

Stan is a free and open-source C++ program that performs Bayesian inference or optimization for arbitrary user-specified models and can be called from the command line, R, Python, Matlab, or Julia and has great promise for fitting large and complex statistical models in many areas of application. We discuss Stan from users’ and developers’ perspectives and illustrate with a simple but nontrivial nonlinear regression example.
An Activity-Based Dissolution Model for Solute-Containing Microdroplets (2016)

When a solute is present in an aqueous droplet, the water activity in the droplet and the rate of droplet dissolution are both decreased (as compared to a pure water droplet). One of the main parameters that controls this effect is the dynamically changing solute concentration, and therefore water activity and chemical potential, at the droplet interface. This work addresses the importance of understanding how water activity changes during solution droplet dissolution. A model for dissolution rate is presented that accounts for the kinetic effects of changing water activity at the droplet interface during the dissolution of an aqueous salt solution microdroplet into a second immiscible liquid phase. The important underlying question in this model is whether the dissolving component can be considered in local equilibrium on both sides of the droplet interface and whether this assumption is sufficient to account for the kinetics of dissolution. The dissolution model is based on the Epstein-Plesset equation, which has previously been applied to pure gas (bubble) and liquid (droplet) dissolution into liquid phases, but not to salt solutions. The model is tested by using the micropipet technique to form and observe the dehydration of single NaCl solution microdroplets in octanol or butyl acetate. The model successfully predicts the droplet diameter as a function of time in both organic solvents. The NaCl concentration in water is measured well into the supersaturated area >5.4 M, and the supersaturation limit at which NaCl nucleation happens is reported to be 10.24 ± 0.31 M.
Landauer’s conductance formula and its generalization to finite voltages (1989)

We recast the expression for tunneling current to show that the energy averaging due to a finite voltage is statistically independent from the energy averaging due to finite temperature. The energy averaging takes the mathematical form of convolutions. Convolving the standard Landauer conductance formula in energy with a voltage windowing function averages the conductance over an energy range equal to the applied voltage, just as the independent convolution with the Fermi-Dirac probability density function averages the conductance over an energy range equal to the temperature. We illustrate the effects of voltage broadening versus ordinary thermal broadening of the conductance using a quasi-one-dimensional ballistic conductor as a model system, as in the recent experiments of van Wees et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 848 (1988)] and Wharam et al. [J. Phys. C 21, L209 (1988)].
Miniature Personal Electronic UVR Dosimeter with Erythema Response and Time‐stamped Readings in a Wristwatch (2005)

Personal ultraviolet radiation (UVR) dosimetry is important because sunlight is the most important risk factor for skin cancer and a risk factor for some eye diseases and immunosuppression and related disorders. Integrating devices, such as polysulphone film dosimeters, are generally used. To measure the exact dose at specific times, we have developed a personal electronic UVR dosimeter that makes time-stamped measurements. It has a sensor with an erythema action spectrum response and a linear sensitivity (dose-response) with no offset. The sensor has cosine response, and the dosimeter can cope with environmental conditions such as rain, temperature and dirt. It can be programmed to measure with different time intervals and save the average of a specified number of measurements in the memory that can store 32 000 time-stamped measurements. It is small (36 x 28 x 13 mm), weighs 14 g and can work for 4 months without maintenance. It is worn on the wrist, is equipped with a watch showing the time and may thus be used in large-scale studies. The sensitivity can change by 10% due to temperature changes from -5 to 40 degrees C. The UVR dosimeter sensitivity is 0.09 standard erythema doses (SED)/h and the difference in total received dose during 7 days between a Solar Light 501 UV-Biometer (186 SED) and our UVR dosimeter was 3% and the median difference in daily total dose was 2.2%. The dosimeter provides unique possibilities. Examples of personal UVR measurements, data calculations and how they can be interpreted are given.
Code generation in a machine-independent compiler (2004)

This paper presents some code generation issues in the context of the PQCC Production-Quality Compiler-Compiler project [8]. The approach taken is unusual in several ways. The machine-dependent information for selection of code sequences, register assignments, etc., has been separated throughout, in tabular form, from the machine-independent algorithms. This not only greatly simplifies the development of code generators for new machines or languages, but paves the way for automatic generation of these tables from formal machine descriptions such as ISP [1]. A parse-tree-like internal program representation is used, facilitating the use of context and data dependency information about expressions. The code generation process has been broken into several phases. This leads to simplification and better understanding of the code generation process, and also allows important improvements in the quality of generated code. The algorithms for preliminary determination of addressing modes, allocation of registers and other locations, and the code selection case analysis are dlscussed. The algorithms described In the paper are being implemented and used in the PQCC compiler.
Fast Face Detector Training Using Tailored Views (2013)

Face detection is an important task in computer vision and often serves as the first step for a variety of applications. State-of-the-art approaches use efficient learning algorithms and train on large amounts of manually labeled imagery. Acquiring appropriate training images, however, is very time-consuming and does not guarantee that the collected training data is representative in terms of data variability. Moreover, available data sets are often acquired under controlled settings, restricting, for example, scene illumination or 3D head pose to a narrow range. This paper takes a look into the automated generation of adaptive training samples from a 3D morphable face model. Using statistical insights, the tailored training data guarantees full data variability and is enriched by arbitrary facial attributes such as age or body weight. Moreover, it can automatically adapt to environmental constraints, such as illumination or viewing angle of recorded video footage from surveillance cameras. We use the tailored imagery to train a new many-core implementation of Viola Jones' AdaBoost object detection framework. The new implementation is not only faster but also enables the use of multiple feature channels such as color features at training time. In our experiments we trained seven view-dependent face detectors and evaluate these on the Face Detection Data Set and Benchmark (FDDB). Our experiments show that the use of tailored training imagery outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on this challenging dataset.
Respiration‐synchronous fluctuations in stroke volume, heart rate and arterial pressure in humans. (1993)

1. Simultaneous recordings of beat-to-beat left cardiac stroke volume (SV, pulsed ultrasound Doppler), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were obtained in ten healthy young adults during spontaneous respiration at supine rest, before and after cholinergic blockade by atropine (0.035 mg kg-1). 2. Respiration-synchronous fluctuations in SV, HR, cardiac output (CO) and MAP were quantified by spectral analysis of the recordings of each of these variables. 3. Before atropine administration, respiration-synchronous fluctuations in HR and SV were prominent. The changes in HR and SV were inversely related and variation in SV was the main source of respiratory variability in CO. Respiration-synchronous fluctuations in MAP were mainly caused by variations in CO. 4. After cholinergic blockade, respiratory HR variations were eliminated, whereas the respiratory fluctuations in SV persisted. The fluctuations in CO and MAP increased. In this situation, mechanically induced variations in SV were not counteracted by inverse HR fluctuations and the influence on CO thus increased. 5. The main source of respiratory fluctuations in MAP in supine humans is thus variation in SV, while inverse, vagally mediated HR variations tend to reduce the fluctuations in CO and MAP.
A History of Medicine in 50 Discoveries (2018)

Beware of whiplash as you track the evolution of medicine across the globe from the ice age to 2016. Remedies are lost and rediscovered during the rise and fall of empires; unsavory research begets groundbreaking health practices; knowledge is stolen, borrowed, given, distorted, and built upon through flurries of epidemics, religious mania, and superstition. The book shows a glimpse behind the Chamberlen Family shroud of secrecy that hid nothing less than the original forceps, passed down from generation to generation of highly successful birthing doctors in the 1600s. Readers will learn of an Italian study to the coast where a disgusting amount of sewage flowed into the ocean, yet students swam in the area frequently and never became sick—another example of how mold in its natural habitat served as a eureka moment for more than one scientist. Dive into the foundations of the common sense we take for granted and glimpse the trajectory of the future of medicine in the fifty discoveries between these pages.
New approaches to target microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (2008)

We have highlighted the importance of addressing the causal relationship between MTP inhibition and aberrant elevations in plasma liver enzymes. The proposed approaches may show that MTP targeting is a viable approach to lower plasma lipids.
The use of perifused pancreatic islets to study insulin secretion and associated metabolic and ionic events (1987)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
[Xenogeneic cell therapeutics: Treatment of type 1 diabetes using porcine pancreatic islets and islet cells]. (2015)

In view of the existing shortage of human donor organs and tissues, xenogeneic cell therapeutics (xCT) offer an alternative for adequate treatment. In particular, porcine pancreatic islets and islet cells have already entered the field of experimental therapy for type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Thereby, xCT depict challenging products with a glance on medical, ethical, and regulatory questions. With cross-species transplantation (xenotransplantation), the risk of immunological graft rejection as well as the risk of infectious transmission of microbial and viral pathogens must be considered. This includes the bidirectional transmission of microorganisms from graft to host as well as from host to graft. Crossing the border of species requires a critical risk-benefit evaluation as well as a thorough longtime surveillance of transplant recipients after treatment. The international legal and regulatory requirements for xCT are inter alia based on the World Health Organization criteria summarized in the Changsha Communiqué (2008). In the European Union, they were reflected by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) Guideline on Xenogeneic Cell-based Medicinal Products following the implementation of the Regulation on Advanced Therapies (ATMP). On the basis of this regulation, the first non-clinical and clinical experiences were obtained for porcine islets. The results suggest that supportive treatment of T1DM risk patients with xCT may be an alternative to established allogeneic organ transplantation in the future.
ChemInform Abstract: ACIDIC AND BASIC PROPERTIES OF THE HYDROXYCARBONYL COMPLEX (IRCL2(CO2H)(CO)(PME2PH)2) (1985)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (II), die durch schnelle Reaktion von (I) mit Wasser gebildet wird (Ausb. in g) führt bei Behandlung mit HBF 4 ohne erkennbare Zwischenprodukte unter Dehydroxylierung zu (III), während mit CF 3 COOH in großem Überschuß zwar ebenfalls (III) entsteht, spektroskopisch aber Intermediäre nachgewiesen werden.
Load oscillation pattern detection for NILM based on scale space decomposition (2023)

Load pattern detection is the fundamental step for non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). Some appliances’ power profiles exhibit long-duration cyclic oscillation patterns when performing certain physical tasks, which contain load signatures with strong discrimination for state recognition, but also tend to interfere with the feature extraction of other appliances. However, detecting load oscillation pattern (LOP) is extremely challenging, and the existing NILM methods cannot effectively cope with the multi-scale characteristics of LOPs in unseen scenarios and the overlapping interference of multiple LOPs. To this end, we propose a LOP detection method based on the scale space decomposition theory. LOPs are mined at different time scales, and then are optimally selected based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle. Finally, experiments are carried out on publicly-accessible Pecan Street dataset and private dataset, showing the proposed method generally outperforms two benchmarks in various evaluation metrics.
Modeling Human Brain Circuitry Using Pluripotent Stem Cell Platforms (2019)

Neural circuits are the underlying functional units of the human brain that govern complex behavior and higher-order cognitive processes. Disruptions in neural circuit development have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia. Until recently, major efforts utilizing neurological disease modeling platforms based on human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), investigated disease phenotypes primarily at the single cell level. However, recent advances in brain organoid systems, microfluidic devices, and advanced optical and electrical interfaces, now allow more complex hiPSC-based systems to model neuronal connectivity and investigate the specific brain circuitry implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we review emerging research advances in studying brain circuitry using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> disease modeling platforms including microfluidic devices, enhanced functional recording interfaces, and brain organoid systems. Research efforts in these areas have already yielded critical insights into pathophysiological mechanisms and will continue to stimulate innovation in this promising area of translational research.
Adaptive Carrier Sense Mechanism in Safety VANETs (2011)

International audience
Human monocyte/macrophage activation and interleukin 1 generation by biomedical polymers (1988)

In vitro cell culture techniques were used to evaluate the effect of several clinically significant biomedical polymers on monocyte activation and Interleukin 1 (IL1) production. Isolated human peripheral blood monocytes were cultured in the presence of a panel of five biomedical polymers routinely used in a variety of clinical applications: Polyethylene (PE), silica-free poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS), woven Dacron fabric, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) and the segmented polyurethane, Biomer. Monocytes generated IL1 in the presence of all five materials. Maximal levels of IL1 were generated at 24 h in monocyte-polymer cultures supplemented with serum and additionally stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). No difference was observed due to serum source. Results from cultures supplemented with fetal bovine serum were not significantly different from those obtained with human serum supplemented cultures. The thymocyte proliferative activity generated by monocytes in the presence of these biomedical polymers was neutralized by a specific polyclonal anti-IL1 antiserum. Statistically significant differences in IL1 production were observed between polymers, allowing their classification according to reactivity into high (Dacron, PE), intermediate (ePTFE) and low (Biomer, PDMS) reactive groups.
Outage Probability of MRC With Arbitrary Power Cochannel Interferers in Nakagami Fading (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We propose a new approach to outage probability analysis of predetection maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity reception in Nakagami-<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$m$</tex></formula> fading channels. We generalize prior work in that we consider L independent cochannel interferers with arbitrary powers and fading parameters as well as the effects of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). Our approach results in a general expression for outage probability under very broad assumptions. Moreover, our approach leads to a closed-form expression for outage probability in most cases of interest. We also provide numerical results that demonstrate the performance improvement obtained through MRC diversity combining in the presence of cochannel interferers. </para>
Peren2bois : évaluation technico-économique des performances énergétiques et environnementales des meilleures techniques disponibles de réduction des émissions de poussières fines et de composés organiques pour les appareils de combustion domestique utilisant la biomasse (2012)

Créée en 1958, la revue “Pollution atmosphérique - climat, santé, société” est une revue francophone pluridisciplinaire entièrement dédiée à la diffusion des connaissances scientifiques sur la qualité de l’air, de ses implications sanitaires et dans un contexte de transition environnementale et sociale.
Doped ordered mesoporous carbons as novel, selective electrocatalysts for the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline (2018)

A green electrochemical alternative: doped ordered mesoporous carbons are active and selective electrocatalysts for the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline.
FGF2-Heparin Co-crystal Complex-assisted Design of Mutants FGF1 and FGF7 with Predictable Heparin Affinities (1998)

The co-crystal structures of FGF2 and heparin-derived tetra- and hexasaccharides demonstrated the existence of high and low affinity contact residues that are likely to be involved in heparin binding (Faham, S., Hileman, R. E., Fromm, J. R., Linhardt, R. J., and Rees, D. C. (1996) Science 271, 1116-1120). To study the role of these putative contact residues, we chose three fibroblast growth factor family members with distinct heparin affinities for comparative mutagenesis studies. Only one amino acid significantly differed between FGF1 and FGF2 and was mutated, FGF1-31K. FGF7, also called keratinocyte growth factor, was mutated to mimic either FGF1 or FGF2 at two of the putative high contact points termed FGF7-1 and FGF7-2, respectively. FGF2 has higher apparent heparin affinity than FGF1 or FGF7, and FGF1 has higher heparin affinity than FGF7. All three mutants showed an increase in apparent heparin affinity compared with wild types. FGF7-1 has a lower apparent heparin affinity than FGF7-2, analogous to wild type FGF1 and FGF2. The FGF1-31K mutant showed no change in mitogenic activity, whereas the FGF7 mutants exhibited a decrease in activity. These results indicate that the co-crystal structure of the FGF2-heparin complexes can be used to design a rational approach to the generation of mutants with defined affinities for heparin or heparan sulfate proteoglycans.
Dataset and Pipeline for Multi-view Light-Field Video (2017)

The quantity and diversity of data in Light-Field videos makes this content valuable for many applications such as mixed and augmented reality or post-production in the movie industry. Some of such applications require a large parallax between the different views of the Light-Field, making the multi-view capture a better option than plenoptic cameras. In this paper we propose a dataset and a complete pipeline for Light-Field video. The proposed algorithms are specially tailored to process sparse and wide-baseline multi-view videos captured with a camera rig. Our pipeline includes algorithms such as geometric calibration, color homogenization, view pseudo-rectification and depth estimation. Such elemental algorithms are well known by the state-of-the-art but they must achieve high accuracy to guarantee the success of other algorithms using our data. Along this paper, we publish our Light-Field video dataset that we believe may be of special interest for the community [1]. We provide the original sequences, the calibration parameters and the pseudo-rectified views. Finally, we propose a depth-based rendering algorithm for Dynamic Perspective Rendering.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Isomerizations of Olefins. (2012)

Abstract A simple catalyst system that effects rapid isomerization of olefins at room temperature is described.
DIGITAL CAMERA CALIBRATION USING IMAGES TAKEN FROM AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (2012)

Abstract. For calibrating the camera, an accurate determination of the interior orientation parameters is needed. For more accurate results, the calibration images should be taken under conditions that are similar to the field samples. The aim of this work is the establishment of an efficient and accurate digital camera calibration method to be used in particular working conditions, as it can be found with our UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogrammetric projects. The UAV used in this work was md4-200 modelled by Microdrones. The microdrone is also equipped with a standard digital non- metric camera, the Pentax Optio A40 camera. To find out the interior orientation parameters of the digital camera, two calibration methods were done. A lab calibration based on a flat pattern and a field calibration were fulfilled. To carry out the calibration, Photomodeler Scanner software was used in both cases. The lab calibration process was completely automatic using a calibration grid. The focal length was fixed at widest angle and the network included a total of twelve images with± 90º roll angles. In order to develop the field calibration, a flight plan was programmed including a total of twelve images. In the same way as in the lab calibration, the focal length was fixed at widest angle. The field test used in the study was a flat surface located on the University of Almería campus and a set of 67 target points were placed. The calibration field area was 25 × 25 m approximately and the altitude flight over ground was 50 m. After the software processing, the camera calibration parameter values were obtained. The paper presents the process, the results and the accuracy of these calibration methods. The field calibration method reduced the final total error obtained in the previous lab calibration. Furthermore the overall RMSs obtained from both methods are similar. Therefore we will apply the field calibration results to all our photogrammetric projects in which the flight high will be close to 50 m.