gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COLOSS survey: global impact of COVID-19 on bee research (2020)

The socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 on society have yet to be truly revealed; there is no doubt that the pandemic has severely affected the daily lives of most of humanity. It is to be expected that the research activities of scientists could be impacted to varying degrees, but no data exist on how COVID-19 has affected research specifically. Here, we show that the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has already diversely and negatively affected bee research at a global level. An online survey disseminated through the global COLOSS honey bee research association showed that every participant (n = 230 from 56 countries) reported an impact on one or more of their activities. Activities that require travelling or the physical presence of people (meetings and conferences, teaching and extension) were affected the most, but also laboratory and field activities, daily operations, supervision and other activities were affected to varying degrees. Since the basic activities are very similar for many research fields, it appears as if our findings for bee research can be extrapolated to other fields. In the light of our data, we recommend that stakeholders such as governments and funding bodies who support research should facilitate the wide implementation of web-based information technology required for efficient online communication for research and education, as well as adequately loosened restriction measures with respect to field and laboratory work. Finally, increased flexibility in administration and extension of research grants and fellowships seem to be needed. It is apparent that adequate responses by all stakeholders are required to limit the impact of COVID-19 and future pandemics on bee science and other research fields.
Performance assessment of low cost GPS receivers under civilian spoofing attacks (2010)

Services based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are currently in use in many critical networked infrastructures and crucial applications. Within the described scenario, the importance for the GNSS community of investigating the effects of spoofing attacks, together with anti-spoofing techniques, appears essential. This paper describes the results of preliminary tests performed in lab on low cost GNSS receivers under spoofing attack. Such tests have been performed at the Istituto Superiore Mario Boella (ISMB) research institute and at the European Commission Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) with the final goal of identifying effective countermeasures to increase receivers robustness.
Labeling of Double-Stranded DNA by ROX-Dideoxycytosine Triphosphate Using Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase and Separation by Capillary Electrophoresis (1994)

Terminal transferase is used to add a single fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotide to double-stranded DNA prepared by restriction endonuclease action on a bacteriophage. The product is separated by capillary electrophoresis with both hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and non-cross-linked polyacrylamide. The reaction products generate single peaks for each fragment with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. However, the higher resolution separation produced by non-cross-linked polyacrylamide shows that the product contains two components for each restriction digest fragment. This labeling technique should be useful in restriction fragment length polymorphism studies.
A Co‐ and Ni‐Free P2/O3 Biphasic Lithium Stabilized Layered Oxide for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and its Cycling Behavior (2020)

Abstract Cobalt‐ and nickel‐free cathode materials are desirable for developing low‐cost sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Compared to the single P‐type and O‐type structures, biphasic P/O structures become a topic of interest thanks to improved performance. However, the added complexity complicates the understanding of the storage mechanism and the phase behavior is still unclear, especially over consecutive cycling. Here, the properties of biphasic P2(34%)/O3(60%) Na 0.8 Li 0.2 Fe 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 and its behavior at different states of charge/discharge are reported on. The material is composed of single phase O3 and P2/O3 biphasic particles. Sodium occupies the alkali layers, whereas lithium predominantly (95%) is located in the transition metal layer. An initial reversible capacity of 174 mAh g ‐1 is delivered with a retention of 82% dominated by Fe 3+ /Fe 4+ along with contributions from oxygen and partial Mn 3+/4+ redox. Cycling leads to complex phase transitions and ion migration. The biphasic nature is nevertheless preserved, with lithium acting as the structure stabilizer.
Poly(A)- and Primer-Independent RNA Polymerase of Norovirus (2004)

Replication of positive-strand caliciviruses is mediated by a virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). To study the replication of Norovirus (NV), a member of the family Caliciviridae, we used a recombinant baculovirus system to express an enzymatically active RdRp protein from the 3D region of the NV genome and defined conditions for optimum enzymatic activity. Using an RNA template from the NV 3' genomic region, we observed similar levels of enzymatic activity in assays with and without a poly(A) tail. RdRp activity was not significantly affected by the addition of an RNA primer to the reaction mixture. Thus, the NV RdRp exhibited primer- and poly(A)-independent RNA polymerase activity. While the RdRp inhibitor phosphonoacetic acid inhibited NV RdRp activity, another gliotoxin did not. The active recombinant NV RdRp will be of benefit to studies of NV replication and will facilitate the development of specific inhibitors of NV proliferation.
Analyse des Flug- und Abbrandverhaltens von Ersatzbrennstoffen auf Basis eines Lichtfeldkamerasystems (2020)

Heutzutage finden die aus Abf¨allen gewonnenen Brennstoffe eine zunehmende Verwendung bei industriellen Verbrennungsprozessen, wie beispielsweise zur Erzeugung von W¨arme bei der Verbrennung in Zement- Drehrohr¨ofen. Um eine kontrollierbare und sichere Verbrennung dieses alternativen Brennstoffs zu gew¨ahrleisten, ist eine Analyse des Flug- und Verbrennungsverhaltens unerl¨asslich. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir Methoden zur Analyse von Bilddaten vor, die von einer Lichtfeldkamera w¨ahrend der Verbrennung von den aus Abf¨allen gewonnenen Brennstoffen in einem Drehrohr aufgenommen wurden. Das Kamerasystem liefert 3D-Informationen sowohl zu den Brennstoffpartikeln als auch zur inneren Form des Drehrohrofens. Die Analyse beinhaltet Verfahren zur Partikeldetektion unter Verwendung von 3D-Clustering-Algorithmen und Verfahren zur Partikelverfolgung unter Verwendung von Multi-Objekt-Tracking- Algorithmen.
First-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with pancreatic metastases: Results from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC). (2022)

317 Background: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with pancreatic metastases (PM) is characterised by heightened angiogenesis, which is associated with improved outcomes with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. We aimed to compare the efficacy of first-line (1L) ipilimumab/nivolumab (IOIO) vs. anti-PD(L)1/anti-VEGF (IOVE) vs. VEGF monotherapy (VE) in mRCC patients with and without PM. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with and without PM, using the IMDC. Sites of metastases were captured at initiation of 1L. Patients with PM could also have metastases at other sites. We studied overall survival (OS) from start of 1L therapy using Cox regression, adjusted for IMDC risk groups. Kaplan Meier survival curves were generated. Results: 543/7,634 (7%) patients had PM. Patients with PM in the overall population had improved OS compared to those without, 56 vs 25.6 months respectively (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.55-0.73, p&lt;0.0001). When examining the effect of PM within 1L options, those treated with IOVE exhibited a longer OS if PM were present vs absent, median not reached vs 45 months respectively (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18-0.93 p=0.03). This association was also seen in patients with treated with 1L VE, in those with PM vs absent, median 53.1 vs 25.1 months respectively (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.55-0.76, p &lt;0.0001). Contrastingly there was no difference in median OS of patients with or without PM in patients receiving IOIO, 41.4 vs 44.4 months respectively (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.48-1.56, p=0.62). Comparing the outcomes between 1L therapies in patients with PM the median OS of IOVE vs VE was not reached vs 53.1 months respectively (HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.83 p=0.02). Conversely, upfront VE and IOIO had a similar median OS of 53.1 vs 41.4 months respectively (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.45-1.47 p=0.49). We were unable to find any difference in OS between those treated with IOVE vs IOIO, median not reached vs 41.4 months respectively (HR 0.52 95%, CI 0.19-1.45, p=0.21), but the low event rate limited this interpretation. Conclusions: We found that the presence of PM leads to an indolent biological behavior and was associated with improved outcomes when 1L therapy included a VE component. PM patients had comparable OS outcomes on 1L VE and 1L IOIO therapy, but improved OS when treated with 1L IOVE. Anti-angiogenic therapy may be necessary to optimize outcomes in PM and this warrants prospective evaluation. [Table: see text]
Localization of the gene for the P700—chlorophyll a protein in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat (1984)

Conference Article| April 01 1984 Localization of the gene for the P700—chlorophyll a protein in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat ALISON G. SMITH; ALISON G. SMITH 1Botany School, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN C. GRAY JOHN C. GRAY 1Botany School, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1984) 12 (2): 272–273. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120272 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ALISON G. SMITH, JOHN C. GRAY; Localization of the gene for the P700—chlorophyll a protein in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1984; 12 (2): 272–273. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120272 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: kbp, thousand base-pairs This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
37 Mechanical And Structural Properties Of Stem Cell-based Tissue Engineered Constructs (tec) Cultured With Collagen Sheets (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Stem cell-based tissue engineered construct (TEC) biosynthesized from synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has a great potential for repairing and regenerating ligaments and tendons1. However, the mechanical and structural properties of the TEC were insufficient for clinical applications. A candidate solution to the problem is to promote the generation of the extracellularmatrix inthe TECusing a special culture withcollagen sheets (CS). Previous studies indicated thattheCS has an abilitytorepair fibrous tissuesin vivo4. In addition, the biosynthesis of extracellular matrix is promoted by cell culturing in the existence of collagen.<sup>2</sup> In the present study, TECwas culturedwiththe CS, then the tensile properties of TEC/CS composite were assessed. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> The CS wasproduced from porcine corium-derived collagen-rich tissues, through homogenization, centrifugal separation, filtering, and dehydration. It should be noted that the sheets are porous and chemical agent-free materials with collagen density between 20 and 30%. MSCswere obtained from the synovial membranes of human knee joint by means of collagenase treatment. After 5 time passages, the cells were plated at the density of 4.0 × 105 cells/cm2 on the CS (TEC/CS), and ontissue culturepolystyrenedishes (TEC). The cells were culturedto produce construct of extracellular matrix for 1, 4, and 8 weeks in the DMEM1. In addition, the CS was also immersed in the same medium without cells for 4 weeks (CS). TEC/CS, TEC, and CS weresubjected to tensiletest at arate of 0.05 mm/s in a PBS solution at 37 °C using acustom-made micro tensile tester.<sup>3</sup> Morphological observations of the tissues were carried out using a scanning electron microscopic (SEM)and an optical microscope with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. <h3>Results and discussion</h3> The tangent modulus and tensile strengthofTEC/CSgroupwere continuously increased. In addition, those of TEC/CS after 8-week cultivation were significantly higher than those of CS. The load at failure of TEC/CS group was significantly lower than those of CS and TEC groups at 1 week. However, it was increased subsequently and reached to 0.18 ± 0.05 N at 8 weeks, with significant differences vs. CS (0.07 ± 0.02 N) and TEC (0.12 ± 0.05 N) groups. <h3>References</h3> 1 Ando W, <i>et al</i>. Biomaterials. 2007;28:5462–5470 2 Gentleman E, <i>et al</i>. Biomaterials. 2003;24: 3805–3813 3 Nagai H, <i>et al</i>. <i>Japanese Jounal of Clinical Biomechanics</i>. 2006;27:89–93 [in Japanese] 4 Suzuki D, <i>et al</i>. abstract. Jounal of Japanese Clinical Biomechanics. 39
IC‐P1‐028: Characterization of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model Tg4510 with imaging techniques (2008)

The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has been aided by the use of imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) and fluorodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Correlation of these imaging measurements with the severity of cognitive decline in patients may provide an objective way of staging AD. To examine whether such changes are detectable in an AD mouse model, we characterized rTg4510, which expresses a mutant form of tau that leads to neurodegeneration, with various imaging techniques. Our preliminary results demonstrated that rTg4510, at 5 month of age, exhibited impairment in object recognition memory, as well as reduction in parenchyma volume of the brain in MRI. We are examining whether these mice also exhibit alterations in MRS/FDG-PET measurements. Notably, in rTg4510, tau expression could be suppressed by doxycycline- containing chow, which remarkably halts neurodegeneration and recovers cognition. Therefore, we will further examine whether rTg4510, following tau suppression, exhibits restoration of abnormal MRI/MRS and FDG-PET measurements, coinciding with the blockage in neurodegeneration. The characterization of Tg4510 with imaging techniques should lend insights into biomarker development for Alzheimer's disease.
Azoniaazulenes. Part 7. Functionalisation of 10H-azepino[1,2-a]indoles (1995)

Direct functionalisation of azepinoindole 7 is described. Electrophilic attack by bromine, and by the Vilsmeier, Mannich, and Friedel–Crafts reagents gives 11-substituted azepinoindoles 8 and 11–14. From the bromo compound 8 an 11-lithioazepinoindole was obtained. With tert-butyllithium the azepinoindole 7 gave an allylic anion 36, which with trimethylsilyl (TMS) chloride gave the 8H-8-TMS derivative 16 and the 10H-8,10-bis-TMS derivative 17, for which an X-ray structure is provided. Alkylation of anion 36 gave mixtures of 8H-8-alkyl- and 10H-10-alkyl derivatives 18–25. while further lithiation of compound 16 and alkylation gave mixtures of 8,8- and 8,10-disubstituted compounds 26–33. Decomposition of azide 43 gave eight identified products 44, 45, 47–51 and 54.
Artepillin C Reduces Allergic Airway Inflammation by Induction of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (2021)

Propolis is a natural product produced by bees that is primarily used in complementary and alternative medicine and has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumoral biological properties. Some studies have reported the beneficial effects of propolis in models of allergic asthma. In a previous study, our group showed that green propolis treatment reduced airway inflammation and mucus secretion in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model and resulted in increased regulatory T cells (Treg) and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) frequencies in the lungs, two leukocyte populations that have immunosuppressive functions. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of artepillin C (ArtC), the major compound of green propolis, in the context of allergic airway inflammation. Our results show that ArtC induces in vitro differentiation of Treg cells and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC). Furthermore, in an OVA-induced asthma model, ArtC treatment reduced pulmonary inflammation, eosinophil influx to the airways, mucus and IL-5 secretion along with increased frequency of M-MDSC, but not Treg cells, in the lungs. Using an adoptive transfer model, we confirmed that the effect of ArtC in the reduction in airway inflammation was dependent on M-MDSC. Altogether, our data show that ArtC exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect and might be an adjuvant therapy for allergic asthma.
Analytical Chemistry—Industrial and Academic Training (1970)

D. T. Lewis, W. J. Williams and T. C. Downie, Proc. Soc. Anal. Chem., 1970, 7, 215 DOI: 10.1039/SA9700700215
An integrated system for identifying the hidden assassins in traditional medicines containing aristolochic acids (2015)

Traditional herbal medicines adulterated and contaminated with plant materials from the Aristolochiaceae family, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), cause aristolochic acid nephropathy. Approximately 256 traditional Chinese patent medicines, containing Aristolochiaceous materials, are still being sold in Chinese markets today. In order to protect consumers from health risks due to AAs, the hidden assassins, efficient methods to differentiate Aristolochiaceous herbs from their putative substitutes need to be established. In this study, 158 Aristolochiaceous samples representing 46 species and four genera as well as 131 non-Aristolochiaceous samples representing 33 species, 20 genera and 12 families were analyzed using DNA barcodes based on the ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences. Aristolochiaceous materials and their non-Aristolochiaceous substitutes were successfully identified using BLAST1, the nearest distance method and the neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. In addition, based on sequence information of ITS2, we developed a Real-Time PCR assay which successfully identified herbal material from the Aristolochiaceae family. Using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (UHPLC-HR-MS), we demonstrated that most representatives from the Aristolochiaceae family contain toxic AAs. Therefore, integrated DNA barcodes, Real-Time PCR assays using TaqMan probes and UHPLC-HR-MS system provides an efficient and reliable authentication system to protect consumers from health risks due to the hidden assassins (AAs).
Development of an Urea Supply System for the SCR Catalyst (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The increase in the fuel price and more stringent regulations on greenhouse gases (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) make the engine compression ignition technology even more attractive in the context of internal combustion engines. This is because the modern turbocharged direct injection engines, with the common rail fuel system, are characterized by high combustion efficiency and power density, that make them particularly suitable both for applications on and off road.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;On the other hand, the compression ignition engines are subject to a heavy technological developments to meet the more stringent regulations on emissions of exhaust pollutants, especially PM and NOx. The adopted technologies have two main approaches, on the combustion and on the exhaust gas aftertreatment. The measures applied for combustion can reduce emissions, but with the risk of penalizing the other engine performances, such as noise, power output and fuel consumption. Instead, the technologies of exhaust gases treatment may allow the over coming of this conflict. In particular using a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst, a NOx reduction can be reached at least up to 95%.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The present article describes the activities to define and optimize a supply system for the SCR catalyst, applied to a wide range of diesel engines, from Light Duty (LD) vehicles to Off-Road (OR) applications. For this kind of applications the development has taken into account requirements in terms of performance, layout and cost, unlike the Heavy Duty (HD) vehicle, where the SCR is employed for many years with less constraints.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The development phase has been characterized by a 0-D model simulation activity to define the system performances and the main management strategies, and 1-D and 3-D model simulation activities for the hydraulic design.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Seladin-1: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene Involved in Breast Cancer? (2007)

Abstract : Seladin-1 maps to the human chromosome region 1p31-1p32 that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in human breast tumors. Publicly available data (Entrez, GEO) also show a significant variability between levels of Seladin-1 expression in breast cancer cell lines and normal breast epithelium. Is Seladin-1 a tumor suppressor on 1p31-1p32 that is involved in breast cancer? Our concept is that it is. In order to determine if Seladin-1 is a TSG involved in breast cancer we propose to: 1) Identify possible Seladin-1 mutations in primary breast tumors. 2) Investigate the alterations of Seladin-1 expression in breast cancer cells. 3) Perform functional assays on tumor-specific Seladin-1 mutants. Accordingly, we amplified Seladin-1 exons from 40-60 breast tumor genomic DNA samples (obtained from tissue banks or commercial sources), followed by the sequence analysis of the open reading frames. As a result, no missense or nonsense mutations were detected. We found that expression of Seladin-1 significantly varies between different breast cancer cell lines, and in one such line, MDAMB- 231, is significantly below expression in normal breast epithelium.
Operator vision aids for telerobotic assembly and servicing in space (2003)

The author presents concepts for operator aids and operational enhancements that improve man-machine control through the visual system. These concepts were derived as part of a study of vision issues for space teleoperation performed for NASA's Flight Telerobotic Servicer Project Office. Extensive literature on teleoperation, robotics, and human factors was surveyed to assess the potential of visual enhancements for telerobotic control. The author categorizes potential operator visual aids into three broad classes: camera lighting functions, display enhancements, and visual cues.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
NAD+‐aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase candidates for 4‐aminobutyrate (GABA) and β‐alanine production during terminal oxidation of polyamines in apple fruit (2015)

The last step of polyamine catabolism involves the oxidation of 3‐aminopropanal or 4‐aminobutanal via aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase. In this study, two apple ( Malus x domestica ) AMADH genes were selected ( MdAMADH1 and MdAMADH2 ) as candidates for encoding 4‐aminobutanal dehydrogenase activity. Maximal activity and catalytic efficiency were obtained with NAD + and 3‐aminopropanal, followed by 4‐aminobutanal, at pH 9.8. NAD + reduction was accompanied by the production of GABA and β‐alanine, respectively, when 4‐aminobutanal and 3‐aminopropanal were utilized as substrates. Md AMADH2 was peroxisomal and Md AMADH1 cytosolic. These findings shed light on the potential role of apple AMADHs in 4‐aminobutyrate and β‐alanine production.