gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two potentially oncogenic cyclins, cyclin A and cyclin D1, share common properties of subunit configuration, tyrosine phosphorylation and physical association with the Rb protein. (1993)

Originally identified as a 'mitotic cyclin', cyclin A exhibits properties of growth factor sensitivity, susceptibility to viral subversion and association with a tumor-suppressor protein, properties which are indicative of an S-phase-promoting factor (SPF) as well as a candidate proto-oncogene. Other recent studies have identified human cyclin D1 (PRAD1) as a putative G1 cyclin and candidate proto-oncogene. However, the specific enzymatic activities and, hence, the precise biochemical mechanisms through which cyclins function to govern cell cycle progression remain unresolved. In the present study we have investigated the coordinate interactions between these two potentially oncogenic cyclins, cyclin-dependent protein kinase subunits (cdks) and the Rb tumor-suppressor protein. The distribution of cyclin D isoforms was modulated by serum factors in primary fetal rat lung epithelial cells. Moreover, cyclin D1 was found to be phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in vivo and, like cyclin A, was readily phosphorylated by pp60c-src in vitro. In synchronized human osteosarcoma cells, cyclin D1 is induced in early G1 and becomes associated with p9Ckshs1, a Cdk-binding subunit. Immunoprecipitation experiments with human osteosarcoma cells and Ewing's sarcoma cells demonstrated that cyclin D1 is associated with both p34cdc2 and p33cdk2, and that cyclin D1 immune complexes exhibit appreciable histone H1 kinase activity. Immobilized, recombinant cyclins A and D1 were found to associate with cellular proteins in complexes that contain the p105Rb protein. This study identifies several common aspects of cyclin biochemistry, including tyrosine phosphorylation and the potential to interact directly or indirectly with the Rb protein, that may ultimately relate membrane-mediated signaling events to the regulation of gene expression.
Influence and Homophily (2014)

Social forces connect individuals in different ways. When individuals get connected, one can observe distinguishable patterns in their connectivity networks. One such pattern is assortativity, also known as social similarity. In networks with assortativity, similar nodes are connected to one another more often than dissimilar nodes. For instance, in social networks, a high similarity between friends is observed. This similarity is exhibited by similar behavior, similar interests, similar activities, and shared attributes such as language, among others. In other words, friendship networks are assortative. Investigating assortativity patterns that individuals exhibit on social media helps one better understand user interactions. Assortativity is the most commonly observed pattern among linked individuals. This chapter discusses assortativity along with principal factors that result in assortative networks.
The Wound Hormones of Plants. IV. Structure and Synthesis of a Traumatin (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Wound Hormones of Plants. IV. Structure and Synthesis of a TraumatinJames. English, James. Bonner, and A. J. Haagen-SmitCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 12, 3434–3436Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01267a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01267a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views188Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione derivatives: A novel route to the synthesis of poly(ester amide)s (2000)

The enzymatic ring-opening polymerization of 6-membered cyclic depsipeptides, 3(S)-isopropyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, 3(R)-isopropyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, 3(R,S)-isopropyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, (3S, 6R,S)-3-isopropyl-6-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, 3(S)-isobutyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, 3(S)-sec-butyl-morpholine-2,5-dione, 6(S)-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione and 6(R,S)-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione in the bulk, was investigated by using the lipase PPL as a catalyst. In the absence of the enzyme, the monomers were recovered, indicating that the present polymerization proceeds through enzymatic catalysis. During the polymerization of morpholine-2,5-diones racemization of both the amino acid and the S-lactic acid moiety takes place. Enzymatic polymerization produces polydepsipeptides with a carboxylic acid group at one end and a hydroxyl group at the other one.
Simultaneous, label-free, multispectral fluorescence lifetime imaging and optical coherence tomography using a double-clad fiber (2017)

We present a novel fiber-based imaging platform that allows simultaneous fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) using a double-clad fiber. This platform acquires co-registered images showing structural and compositional contrast in unlabeled biological samples by scanning the fiber tip across the sample surface. In this Letter, we report a characterization of each modality and show examples of co-registered FLIm and OCT images acquired from a lemon segment and a section of human coronary artery. The close comparison between the combined FLIm and OCT images and a co-registered histology section provides a qualitative validation of the technique and highlights its potential for minimally invasive, multimodal imaging of tissue structure and composition.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Aerodynamics Prediction of Low-Reynolds-Number Figure-Eight Motion of an Airfoil (2010)

The focus of the present study is to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to predict the unsteady lift coefficients of an ellipsoidal airfoil in LowReynolds-Number (LRN) flapping motion. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the flow around the airfoil flapping in the form of a novel figure-eight pattern are conducted. The corresponding unsteady lift coefficients are used for the ANN training and validation of its predictions. The results show that the ANN is capable of predicting the lift coefficients with reasonable accuracy, and it can be used to obtain the effects of unsteady flow and system parameters, pitching amplitude of oscillation and Reynolds number, on the aerodynamic performance.
Parametric Gasification of Oak and Pine Feedstocks Using the TCPDU and Slipstream Water-Gas Shift Catalysis (2008)

With oak and pine feedstocks, the Gasification of Biomass to Hydrogen project maximizes hydrogen production using the Full Stream Reformer during water-gas shift fixed-bed reactor testing. Results indicate that higher steam-to-biomass ratio and higher thermal cracker temperature yield higher hydrogen concentration. NREL's techno-economic models and analyses indicate hydrogen production from biomass may be viable at an estimated cost of $1.77/kg (current) and $1.47/kg (advanced in 2015). To verify these estimates, NREL used the Thermochemical Process Development Unit (TCPDU), an integrated system of unit operations that investigates biomass thermochemical conversion to gaseous and liquid fuels and chemicals.
A Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient with Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Treated with Biological Monotherapy; A Case Report (2015)

Biological products (Bio) play an extremely important role in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We performed simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty after single administration of Bio to treat the side effects of methotrexate (MTX) in an RA patient who had gait inability due to severe flexion contracture of both knee joints. The problems with this case were: (1) which procedure should be performed first, Bio administration or surgical treatment, and (2) which Bio should be selected for the single administration when MTX cannot be used concomitantly. The 1-year postoperative clinical course for this patient remains favorable, but careful follow-up observation will be necessary in the future.
Soft, moderately polar polyether networks as a polymeric support for disigning functional polymers. (1989)

二つのオキセタン環, あるいはオキセタン環とスチリル基をもつ新規の2官能性モノマーが簡便に合成され, これらは, 柔軟で極性のあるポリエーテル橋かけ網の高分子担体をもつ機能性高分子をいろいろ設計する上で, 有用なモノマーとして使用できる. また, スペーサーを隔てて担体の側鎖末端に結合するエステル, ケトン, 4級アンモニウム塩などの官能基は, 水あるいはアルコール溶媒中で, 親水性あるいはイオン性反応種と容易に反応することが分かった.
Low temperature chemical vapor deposition growth of β-SiC on (100) Si using methylsilane and device characteristics (1997)

The growth properties of β-SiC on (100) Si grown by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition, using a single precursor (methylsilane) without an initial surface carbonization step, were investigated. An optimun growth temperature at 800 °C was found to grow single crystalline materials. A simple Al Schottky barrier fabricated on n-type SiC grown on Si substrates exhibited a “hard” reverse breakdown of 13 V with a positive temperature coefficient of 2×10−4 °C−1 up to 120 °C, indicating an avalanche mechanism. A Pt Schottky barrier fabricated on n-type SiC grown on tilted Si substrates to improve the surface morphology exhibited a breakdown voltage of 59 V, with a negative temperature coefficient. From the analysis of the electrical field distribution, the breakdown probably occurred at interface defects between SiC and Si, as suggested by Raman spectroscopy. To investigate minority transport behavior, SiC/Si heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) were fabricated and compared to Si bipolar junction transistors. The collector currents of the SiC/Si HBTs were similar to those of Si control transistors, because both devices had the same base structures. Compared to Si control transistors, the base currents of SiC/Si HBTs increased. It seems that the interface defects between Si and SiC act as recombination centers to deplete back-injected holes, instead of being the barrier to stop hole currents, and thus to increase the base currents of SiC/Si HBTs.
P2.01: IL-33/ST2 Signaling Pathway: Preliminary Study to Assess Its Role in Chronic Rejection After Liver Transplant (2022)

Introduction: The improvements in the immunosuppression therapies have reduced the prevalence of chronic rejection (CR) of liver allografts, however CR still represents an important cause of graft loss requiring re-transplantation. The biological mechanisms underlying this process remained not completely understood. IL-33 and its receptor (ST2) play important roles in the immune regulatory pathways including tolerance and cirrhosis development and virus infection. To the best of our knowledge, no reports are available describing its role after liver transplant (LT). Objective: Studying the IL-33/ST2 axis in CR after liver transplant in humans. Methodology: Liver tissue samples obtained at the time of liver transplantation from donors (Control Group, n=9) and liver tissue obtained from LT (n=12) patients were include in the study. Samples were retrospectively pooled into three groups: NR (No Rejection, normal without any histopathological signs of rejection, n=4), NR-LD (without any histopathological signs of rejection, but presenting liver disease of different causes (i.e., toxic damage, n=5) and CR (chronic rejection, with positive histopathological findings, n=3). Comparisons analysis was made using the Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s post-test. Correlations were evaluated with the Spearman rank correlation test. The present protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of HUFF (DDI [1490] 2419). Results: Hepatic levels of IL33 were not statistically different among groups. Nevertheless, the expression of ST2 was significantly higher in liver samples obtained from patients in CR and NR-LD groups (p< 0.05) (Figure 1). Then, we investigated whether ST2 levels were associated with hepatocellular and cholestatic damage, finding that ST2 correlated positively with TB, AST, ALT and ALP levels (p<0.05). Considering that Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSC) are the main source of ECM and collagen and its activation is dependent on IL-33/ST2 signaling, the activation marker α-SMA and the principal profibrogenic cytokine, TGF-β, were evaluated by qPCR in liver tissue. Levels of α-SMA. and TGF-β were increased in the CR group compared with the controls and the NR group, but these differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the expression of α-SMA positively correlated with METAVIR score in LT patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our prelaminar data indicate that the IL-33/ST2 pathway is modulated in liver allograft in response to damage. Further studies in larger series need to be performed to obtain more insights into the biological function of this axis.
In vitro investigation of estrogenic – antiestrogenicl activity of extracts obtained from Greek Legumes (2008)

The rich Greek flora biodiversity, with a high percentage of endemic plants, includes a wide variety of legumes which play an important role in Greek diet. Common dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and the aerial parts of the Vicia faba contain a wide range of flavonoids, as well as some phenolic acids [1, 2]. These natural products constitute one of the major classes of phytoestrogens. In addition, the interest in the potential health phytoestrogens has increased with the findings that hormone replacement therapy is not as safe or effective as previously thought [3].
Amyloidosis of Alzheimer's Aβ peptides: solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies (2004)

Aggregation cascade for Alzheimer's amyloid-beta peptides, its relevance to neurotoxicity in the course of Alzheimer's disease and experimental methods useful for these studies are discussed. Details of the solid-phase peptide synthesis and sample preparation procedures for Alzheimer's beta-amyloid fibrils are given. Recent progress in obtaining structural constraints on Abeta-fibrils from solid-state NMR and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data is discussed. Polymorphism of amyloid fibrils and oligomers of the 'Arctic' mutant of Abeta(1-40) was studied by (1)H,(13)C solid-state NMR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and a real-time aggregation of different polymorphs of the peptide was observed with the aid of in situ AFM. Recent results on binding of Cu(II) ions and Al-citrate and Al-ATP complexes to amyloid fibrils, as studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and solid-state (27)Al NMR techniques, are also presented.
Can Hippocampal Neurites and Growth Cones Climb over Obstacles? (2013)

Guidance molecules, such as Sema3A or Netrin-1, can induce growth cone (GC) repulsion or attraction in the presence of a flat surface, but very little is known of the action of guidance molecules in the presence of obstacles. Therefore we combined chemical and mechanical cues by applying a steady Netrin-1 stream to the GCs of dissociated hippocampal neurons plated on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces patterned with lines 2 µm wide, with 4 µm period and with a height varying from 100 to 600 nm. GC turning experiments performed 24 hours after plating showed that filopodia crawl over these lines within minutes. These filopodia do not show staining for the adhesion marker Paxillin. GCs and neurites crawl over lines 100 nm high, but less frequently and on a longer time scale over lines higher than 300 nm; neurites never crawl over lines 600 nm high. When neurons are grown for 3 days over patterned surfaces, also neurites can cross lines 300 nm and 600 nm high, grow parallel to and on top of these lines and express Paxillin. Axons - selectively stained with SMI 312 - do not differ from dendrites in their ability to cross these lines. Our results show that highly motile structures such as filopodia climb over high obstacle in response to chemical cues, but larger neuronal structures are less prompt and require hours or days to climb similar obstacles.
[Clinical aspects of mature ovarian teratoma: result of 695 cases]. (2004)

Laparoscopy is superior to laparotomy in the treatment of mature ovarian teratoma. If the contralateral ovarian is within normal configuration, contralateral wedge resection is unnecessary. When the tumor size is greater than 8 cm in diameter, it will have more chance to twist.
Amorphous and heterogeneous silicon thin films : fundamentals to devices - 1999 : symposium held April 5-9, 1999, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (1999)

Applications requiring large-area semiconductor coverage rely increasingly on amorphous and heterogeneous silicon materials because they can be deposited at low cost on a variety of substrates. This volume, first published in 1999, covers the range from fundamental research to the device applications of these materials. A special session on medium-range order is featured, and confirms the belief that ordering correlates with the electronic quality of a-Si:H films. Important experimental observations on metastable effects in a-Si:H are also reported, as are devices and processing strategies. Topics include: growth and properties; high-rate deposition; recrystallization, amorphization and porous silicon; ordering and hydrogen; metastability; defects, band tails and transport; heterogeneous materials and devices; thin-film transistors and displays; solar cells; and detectors, imagers and other devices.
Re-configurable multi-standard terminal for heterogeneous networks (2003)

The next generation of mobile communication systems will lead to an integration of existing networks and access technologies, forming a heterogeneous network. New architectures are needed to serve new requirements from these new systems. The paper highlights the requirements of a reconfigurable multi-standard terminal from the physical-layer point of view. A reconfigurable architecture consisting of algorithm domain specific accelerators, allowing autonomous complex digital signal processing without interference from a microprocessor or digital signal processor, is explained. Performance comparison numbers with the latest digital signal processors show the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
Automated Threat Avoidance with 4-D Trajectory Replanning in Resource-Constrained Cockpits (2012)

Military aircraft equipped with tactical data links and onboard sensors can receive information about pop-up threats, such as surface-to-air missiles and storm cells, which can put the safety of the aircraft in jeopardy. Pilots currently need to mentally combine hazard information from various sources to determine whether these hazards will endanger the safety of the aircraft. If an avoidance maneuver is required, preferably at standoff ranges so that a less-drastic evasive maneuver can be used, pilots also need to decide what necessary maneuver should be performed to avoid these potential hazards as well as terrain and surrounding traffic. This paper presents a 4-D trajectory replanning algorithm that can operate very efficiently in cockpits with limited computational resources to automate the threat avoidance task. A layered approach is used by the proposed algorithm to transform the long-range pathplanning problem that is NP-hard into a problem that can be solved rapidly in embedded computational environments. In addition, the generated flight path is flyable and compatible with onboard flight-management systems to enable the automatic loading of a modified flight plan. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated with a high-fidelity flight-deck simulator for operationally relevant scenarios.
Paracrystalline Sheets Reaggregated from Solubilized Exosporium of Bacillus cereus (1971)

Fragments of exosporium, isolated from dormant spores of Bacillus cereus, were disintegrated by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or with phenol and acetic acid. After centrifugation of each preparation, proteins in the supernatant fractions were resolved by disc gel electrophoresis into either two or eight bands, respectively. The SDS-solubilized fraction contained spheroidal particles 11 to 44 nm in diameter. When centrifuged until clear, this fraction after dialysis still gave rise to crystal-like sheets which had the same lattice symmetry and major chemical components (protein, lipid, and carbohydrate) as fragments of the native exosporium.
Development of Electrochemical Methods to Enzymatically Detect Lactate and Glucose Using Imaginary Impedance for Enhanced Management of Glycemic Compromised Patients (2019)

Lactate is an important biological marker that can provide valuable information for patients who have experienced a traumatic injury. Additionally, when coupled with glucose, the severity and likely prognosis of a traumatic injury can be determined. Because monitoring various markers proves useful in diagnosis and treatment of trauma patients, monitoring both glucose and lactate simultaneously may be especially useful for diabetic patients who have suffered a traumatic injury. Previously, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a sensor capable of measuring two affinity-based biomarkers simultaneously was demonstrated using the biomarker's specific optimal frequency to develop a deconvolution algorithm, which allowed for the measurement of two biomarkers from a single signal. Herein, while developing an EIS lactate sensor, dual enzymatic biomarker detection of lactate and glucose via EIS was also attempted. Both biomarkers were validated individually with the lactate sensor being additionally validated on whole blood samples. The EIS lactate biosensor achieved a range of detection from 0 to 32 mM of lactate and the glucose sensor a range of 0-100 mg/dL of glucose, which are representative of the likely physiological ranges that trauma patients experience. However, the preliminary attempt of dual marker detection was unsuccessful due to suspected accumulation of reduced redox probe on the surface of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Individually, the optimal frequency of lactate was determined to be 69.75 Hz and that of glucose was determined to be 31.5 Hz. However, when combined onto one sensor, no discernable optimal frequency could be determined which again was suspected to be due to the accumulation of the reduced redox probe at the surface of the SAM.