gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of the Medium Small BWR 'DMS' (Double MS: Modular Simplified and Medium Small Reactor) (2006)

A new concept of the small and medium sized light water reactor, named the DMS has been developed by Hitachi, supported by the Japan Atomic Power Company. The DMS features significantly simplified plant systems realized by adoption of a natural circulation system of coolant and a free surface separation system (FSS). The DMS employs short length fuel assemblies and this enables natural circulation with a compact RPV. By adopting the natural circulation system, recirculation pumps and their driving power sources can be eliminated. The FSS uses the concept of steam and liquid separation by gravity, which is possible because of the low steam velocity due to the natural circulation and low power density of the DMS. By adopting the FSS, steam separation equipment needed in current BWRs can be eliminated. In addition, system components are rationalized and their layouts are modularized and standardized to attain a compact PCV; these result in a construction cost per unit power output almost comparable to that of current BWRs. In this study, the core design was improved taking plant cost and fuel efficiency into consideration. It was found that the number of fuel assemblies can be reduced about 11 % while maintaining the samemore » thermal output as before, by extending the active fuel length. This makes it possible to reduce the number of control rod drive systems by about 12 % and to cut construction cost. (authors)« less
Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (AVR) compared to standard AVR (1999)

The limited superior median sternotomy provides good exposure to the left ventricular outflow tract, aortic valve, ascending aorta, and even to the mitral valve through the roof of the left atrium. Therefore it seems to be suitable for all kinds of aortic valve operations. Besides less pain, shorter skin incision, shorter respiratory support time and lower blood loss, it has more advantages as opening and closure of the sternum is faster; decreasing infection and disruption of the sternum, and finally decreasing the time required for hospitalization and recovery.
HPLC Analysis of Oxypurines and Related Compounds (2021)

Since oxypurines, e.g., xanthines and hypoxanthine, are intermediate metabolites in purine metabolism, the determination of these compounds in physiological samples provides important information on the malfunctioning of purine metabolism. Several methods for the determination of oxypurines in biological samples have been developed. The identification of these compounds was achieved by the method of direct introduction of a lyophilized sample of blood and muscle into a mass spectrometer. Hypoxanthine and xanthine are intermediate metabolites in purine nucleotide degradation. Disorders of purine metabolism have been known mainly in relation to the hereditary deficiency of certain enzymes in the purine metabolic pathway. Adenosine deaminase deficiency in association with severe combined immunodeficiency disease involving disorders of thymus-dependent and thymus-independent lymphocyte function is found in children.
A universal low-noise analog receiver baseband in 65-nm CMOS (2010)

In this paper, a novel universal receiver baseband approach is introduced. The chain includes a post-mixer noise shaping blocker pre-filter, a programmable-gain post mixer amplifier (PMA) with blocker suppression, a differential ramp-based novel linear-in-dB variable gain amplifier and a Sallen–Key output buffer. The 1.2-V chain is implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process, occupying a die area of 0.45 mm2. The total power consumption of the baseband chain is 11.5 mW. The device can be tuned across a bandwidth of 700-KHz to 5.2-MHz with 20 kHz resolution and is tested for two distinct mobile-TV applications; integrated services digital broadcasting-terrestrial ISDB-T (3-segment f c = 700 kHz) and digital video broadcasting-terrestrial/handheld (DVB-T/H f c = 3.8 MHz). The measured IIP3 of the whole chain for the adjacent blocker channel is 24.2 and 24 dBm for the ISDB-T and DVB-T/H modes, respectively. The measured input-referred noise density is 10.5 nV/sqrtHz in DVB-T/H mode and 14.5 nV/sqrtHz in ISDB-T mode.
Multiple Dirac nodes and symmetry protected Dirac nodal line in orthorhombic α-RhSi (2020)

Exotic multifold topological excitations have been predicted and were recently observed in transition metal silicides like $\ensuremath{\beta}$-RhSi. Herein, we report that interesting topological features of RhSi are also observed in its orthorhombic $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ phase, which displays multiple types of Dirac nodes very close to the Fermi level ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{F}$. We discuss the symmetry analysis, band connectivity along high-symmetry lines using group representations, band structure, the nature of the Dirac points and of a nodal line occurring near ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{F}$ which is protected by the crystalline symmetry. The de Haas--van Alphen effect indicates a Fermi surface in agreement with the calculations. We find an elliptically shaped nodal line very close to ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{F}$ around and near the $S$ point on the ${k}_{y}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{k}_{z}$ plane that results from the intersection of two upside-down Dirac cones. Both Dirac points of the participating Kramers degenerate bands are only 5 meV apart; hence, an accessible magnetic field might induce a crossing between the spin-up partner of the upper Dirac cone and the spin-down partner of the lower Dirac cone, possibly explaining the anomalies observed in the magnetic torque. $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-RhSi is a unique system since all bands crossing ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{F}$ emerge from Dirac nodes.
Screening Analysis of 10 Adrenal Steroids by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Defective synthesis of the steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex has profound effects on human development andhomeostasis. Due to the time-consuming chromatography procedure combined with mass spectrometry, the matrix-assisted laserdesorption ionization method coupled to the linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-LTQ-MS/MS) was developedfor quantitative analysis of 10 adrenal steroids in human serum. Although MALDI-MS can be introduced for its applicability asa high-throughput screening method, it has a limitation on reproducibility within and between samples, which renders poorreproducibility for quantification. For quantitative MALDI-MS/MS analysis, the stable-isotope labeled internal standards wereused and the conditions of crystallization were tested. The precision and accuracy were 3.1~35.5% and 83.8~138.5%, respectively,when a mixture of 10 mg/mL α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid in 0.2% TFA of 70% acetonitrile was used as the MALDImatrix. The limit of quantification ranged from 5 to 340 ng/mL, and the linearity as a correlation coefficient was higher than0.988 for all analytes in the calibration range. Clinical applications include quantitative analyses of patients with congenital adrenalhyperplasia. The devised MALDI-MS/MS technique could be successfully applied to diagnosis of clinical samples.
High Sensitivity Capacitive Pressure Sensor With Bi-Layer Porous Structure Elastomeric Dielectric Formed by a Facile Solution Based Process (2018)

A bi-layer structure elastomeric dielectric film composed of more porous upper part and less porous bottom part was formed with a facile solution based process. The fabricated sensor devices have much improved sensitivity in the subtle, low, and medium pressure ranges, while maintaining sensing performance in the large pressure range. The devices also exhibit fast response and relaxation (less than 20 ms) and an excellent durability. The characterization of the sensor is through a portable low-cost data acquisition circuit board, which enables detection of a tiny water droplet (0.8 Pa) and realize a multisensor system on a chair for sitting posture monitoring.
Demyelination occurring during anti-tumor necrosis factor ? therapy for inflammatory arthritides (2001)

Further surveillance and studies are required to better define risk factors for and frequency of adverse events and their relationship to anti-TNFalpha therapies. Until more long-term safety data are available, consideration should be given to avoiding anti-TNFalpha therapy in patients with preexisting multiple sclerosis and to discontinuing anti-TNFalpha therapy immediately when new neurologic signs and symptoms occur, pending an appropriate evaluation.
UX_Mate (2012)

In this paper we propose and evaluate UX_Mate, a non-invasive system for the automatic assessment of User eXperience (UX). In addition, we contribute a novel database of annotated and synchronized videos of interactive behavior and facial expressions. UX_Mate is a modular system which tracks facial expressions of users, interprets them based on pre-set rules, and generates predictions about the occurrence of a target emotional state, which can be linked to interaction events. The system simplifies UX evaluation providing an indication of event occurrence. UX_Mate has several advantages compared to other state of the art systems: easy deployment in the user's natural environment, avoidance of invasive devices, and extreme cost reduction. The paper reports a pilot and a validation study on a total of 46 users, where UX_Mate was used for identifying interaction difficulties. The studies show encouraging results that open possibilities for automatic real-time UX evaluation in ecological environments.
Reconstruction of Finite-Alphabet Block-Sparse Signals From MAP Support Detection (2019)

This paper addresses finite-alphabet block-sparse signal recovery by considering support detection and data estimation separately. To this aim, we propose a maximum a posteriori (MAP) support detection criterion that takes into account the finite alphabet of the signal as a constraint. We then incorporate the MAP criterion in a compressed sensing detector based on a greedy algorithm for support estimation. We also propose to consider the finite-alphabet property of the signal in the bound-constrained least-squares optimization algorithm for data estimation. The MAP support detection criterion is investigated in two different contexts: independent linear modulation symbols and dependent binary continuous phase modulation (CPM) symbols. The simulations are carried out in the context of sporadic multiuser communications and show the efficiency of proposed algorithms compared to selected state-of-the-art algorithms both in terms of support detection and data estimation.
The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (Slc30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes (2007)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from progressive loss of pancreatic islet mass through autoimmunity targeted at a diverse, yet limited, series of molecules that are expressed in the pancreatic beta cell. Identification of these molecular targets provides insight into the pathogenic process, diagnostic assays, and potential therapeutic agents. Autoantigen candidates were identified from microarray expression profiling of human and rodent pancreas and islet cells and screened with radioimmunoprecipitation assays using new-onset T1D and prediabetic sera. A high-ranking candidate, the zinc transporter ZnT8 (Slc30A8), was targeted by autoantibodies in 60-80% of new-onset T1D compared with <2% of controls and <3% type 2 diabetic and in up to 30% of patients with other autoimmune disorders with a T1D association. ZnT8 antibodies (ZnTA) were found in 26% of T1D subjects classified as autoantibody-negative on the basis of existing markers [glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase IA2 (IA2A), antibodies to insulin (IAA), and islet cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ICA)]. Individuals followed from birth to T1D showed ZnT8A as early as 2 years of age and increasing levels and prevalence persisting to disease onset. ZnT8A generally emerged later than GADA and IAA in prediabetes, although not in a strict order. The combined measurement of ZnT8A, GADA, IA2A, and IAA raised autoimmunity detection rates to 98% at disease onset, a level that approaches that needed to detect prediabetes in a general pediatric population. The combination of bioinformatics and molecular engineering used here will potentially generate other diabetes autoimmunity markers and is also broadly applicable to other autoimmune disorders.
Seed Investment Bounds for Viral Marketing Under Generalized Diffusion and Selection Guidance (2020)

This article attempts to provide viral marketeers guidance in terms of an investment level that could help capture some desired γ percentage of the market share by some target time t with the desired level of confidence. To do this, we first introduce a generalized diffusion model for social networks. A distance-dependent random graph is then considered as a model for the underlying social network, which we use to analyze the proposed diffusion model. Using the fact that vertices degrees have an almost Poisson distribution in distance-dependent random networks, we then provide a lower bound on the probability of the event that the time it takes for an idea (or a product, campaign, disease, and so on) to dominate a prespecified γ percentage of a social network (denoted by R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">γ</sub> ) is smaller than some preselected target time t > 0, i.e., we find a lower bound on the probability of the event {R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">γ</sub> ≤ t}. Simulation results performed over a wide variety of networks, including random and real world, are then provided to verify that our bound indeed holds in practice. The Kullback-Leibler divergence measure is used to evaluate the performance of our lower bound over these groups of networks, and as expected, we note that for networks that deviate more from the Poisson degree distribution, our lower bound weakens. In the case where absolute/full domination of the market-share is desired, under the linear threshold diffusion model, a particular case of our generalized diffusion model, an upper bound on the size of the seed set is derived, and a selection algorithm is developed to show its tightness. This is also extended to the partial market-share situation.
Method of Decoupling and Independently Tuning the Second Mode of a Microstrip-Fed Slot Antenna Using Series Inductive Loading (2013)

In this letter, a systematic method of decoupling and tuning the second mode of a half-wavelength microstrip-fed slot antenna is presented. This is achieved by introducing a series lumped inductive load at the center of the top edge of a printed slot. At this location, the first (λ/2) mode has a current null, therefore the addition of the loading inductor does not affect the mode. However, the electrical length of the second (λ) mode is increased, allowing independent tuning of this mode over a wide frequency range, simply by changing the value of the inductance. The flexibility of the approach is validated by integrating an inductively loaded, dual-band slot into a compact, microstrip-fed inverted-F antenna to target common cellular and wireless bands (GSM-900, PCS, UMTS-2100, WLAN-2.4 GHz). The multiband antenna is found by measurement to exhibit better than -6 dB | S11| from 880-985 and 1810-2510 MHz, with radiation efficiencies between 84%-96%. The antenna hence demonstrates the suitability of the loading method for achieving multiband support in compact antennas that incorporate a slot in the ground plane.
Computation of free surface flows using a hybrid multiblock/Chimera approach (1998)

An approach for predicting non-linear free surface flows around complex three dimensional configurations is described. In this approach, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are solved on special mesh topologies which combine hybrid multiblock and Chimera grid domains. Validation of this approach is accomplished by comparing predicted results to measured data for a surface piercing hull and for the flow exiting a jet located slightly below a free surface. For the hull flow, the computed wave height and hull pressure are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. For the jet flow, reasonable agreement between computed and measured velocity profiles is obtained. In addition to the two validation cases, a simulation of the free surface flow for an appended body located slightly below a free surface is presented. This simulation demonstrates the versatility of the developed approach for application to realistic three dimensional geometries.
The Pectinesterase of the Pulp of the Banana Fruit. (1976)

The pectinesterase (pectin pectyl-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.11) of the pulp of the banana fruit is completely solubilized by buffers containing 0.5M sodium acetate, and the activity of the enzyme in the pulp remains constant during ripening. An apparent change in the ease of extraction as ripening progresses may be artefactual. The enzyme has been purified 200-fold from climacteric fruit. In either case, a molecular weight about 30 000 is indicated by chromatography through Sephadex G200. After isoelectric focusing, the enzyme was found in two peaks, at pH 8.8 - 8.9 and at pH 9.3 - 9.4. The enzyme in the two peaks is of the same molecular size, and shows only minor differences in responses to pH, salt and polyol concentration during assay. These results are discussed in relation to previous publications concerning changes in pectinesterase activity and properties during ripening of banana fruits.
Combining Atom-Probe Tomography and Focused-Ion Beam Microscopy to Study Individual Presolar Meteoritic Nanodiamond Particles (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
Chapter 18: Development and Validation of the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaires (2017)

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction Fourth Edition VOLUMES I & II This page contains the DOI reference links for the online version of the Rome IV book, volumes I and II. If you have a Rome
Multi-constraint-pruning: an algorithm for finding K shortest paths subject to multiple constraints (2008)

The main task of network resilience research is: when network is failure how to find a replacement path for the affected business as soon as possible, and also guarantee the quality of service (QoS). Different businesses have different QoS needs, in order to find a best resilience routing for different business, we need to take into account a variety of constraints, it has also increased the routing complexity. In this paper, a new algorithm to calculate the first K multiple-constrained-shortest-paths (KMCSP) in a given constraints network has been presented. We call it multi-constraint-pruning algorithm. The algorithm is able to calculate the k shortest paths based on the required constraints weights. In different QoS, the weight of different priority for each constraint would be considered in the algorithm. The program we wrote for multiple-pruning algorithm is able to list the KMCSP for different QoS, and draw a graphic represent the KMCSP. After extensive experiments in Matlab environment, the feasibility and speed improvement of algorithm has been proved in this paper.
Channel estimation for underwater acoustic communications: sparse channels, soft input data, and Bayesian techniques (2008)

The problem of estimating the time-varying impulse response of the communications channel is central to creating reliable and high-rate communications links. Past work has shown that by jointly accounting for channel dynamics and sparse channel characteristics, the accuracy of the channel impulse response estimate is improved with a corresponding improvement in communications systems performance. Following a survey of the basic techniques that have been developed, these basic techniques are extended in two ways. The first allows for a more complete accounting for the channel characteristics via apriori distributions on the probabilities of the complex channel tap values and optimized basis functions for sparse channel structure. The second allows for the use of soft input data in the channel estimation process thus making the techniques feasible for iterative channel estimation and data estimation algorithms. The extensions are developed and their performance compared using data from recent shallow water acoustic communications experiments.
High-performance Photonic Integrated Circuits Based on Si-Ge-silica Monolithic Photonic Platform (2013)

For telecommunications applications of highly-integrated silicon-based photonic devices, we have developed a silicon-germanium-silica monolithic photonic integration platform, on which high-performance silica-based passive devices and compact, high-speed silicon-based dynamic/active devices can be monolithically integrated.
Secretome of the Free-living Mycelium from the Ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor (2011)

The ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor has a dual lifestyle with a transitory soil saprotrophic phase and a longer mutualistic interaction with tree roots. Recent evidence suggests that secreted proteins play key roles in host plant colonisation and symbiosis development. However, a limited number of secreted proteins have been characterized, and the full spectrum of effectors involved in the mycobiont invasion and survival remains unknown. We analyzed the extracellular proteins secreted in growth medium by free-living mycelium of L. bicolor as a proxy for its saprotrophic phase. The proteomic analyses (two-dimensional electrophoresis and shotgun proteomics) were substantiated by whole-genome expression transcript profiling on ectomycorrhizal roots. Among the 224 proteins identified were carbohydrate-acting enzymes likely involved in the cell wall remodelling linked to hyphal growth as well as secreted proteases possibly digesting soil organic compounds and/or fending off competitors, pathogens, and predators. Evidence of gene expression was found in ectomycorrhizal roots for 210 of them. These findings provide the first global view of the secretome of a mutualistic symbiont and shed some light on the mechanisms controlling cell wall remodelling during the hyphal growth. They also revealed many novel putative secreted proteins of unknown function, including one mycorrhiza-induced small secreted protein.
Performance Analysis of Multi-Tag Multi-Reader Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems (2019)

In this paper, we propose a multi-tag and multi-reader ambient backscatter communication (ABC) system which improves decoding performance of the readers by exploiting receiver diversity. The proposed system uses multiple versions of the received signals at the different readers. We also design a simple location based tag-reader paring scheme which provides better decoding performance in realistic network environments. The performance of the proposed multi-tag multi-reader ABC system and tag-reader paring scheme is evaluated numerically through simulations. The numerical results show that our proposed scheme outperforms a conventional scheme.
Bioimpedance spectroscopy system for characterization of cancer cells (2014)

This paper presents a design for a Bioimpedance spectroscopy system on an FPGA board for characterization of cancer cells. The proposed hardware uses a digital auto balance bridge implemented in Verilog. Using an FPGA allows the system to be designed to have a multichannel signal acquisition from two or more sources, and to be smaller than commercial devices. The simulation results show that the system is able to detect the phase and amplitude for the impedance. The design would provide a portable bioimpedance spectroscopy system, which will be able to perform calculations and show results without the need for external hardware.