gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tumor-Penetrating Peptide Mediation: An Effective Strategy for Improving the Transport of Liposomes in Tumor Tissue (2013)

Currently, the inefficient transport of liposomes in tumor tissue hinders their clinical application. Tumor-penetrating peptides (TPP) are a series of targeting peptides with the function of penetrating tumor blood vessels and tumor stroma. This work aimed to improve the penetration of liposomes in tumor tissues by TPP modification, thereby enhancing the antitumor effect. First, RPARPAR, a TPP, was modified to the surface of liposomes loaded with doxorubicin. The RPARPAR-modified liposomes (RPA-LP) and unmodified liposomes (LP) showed spherical morphology with average sizes about 90 nm. RPA-LP exhibited remarkably increased cellular accumulation by PC-3 tumor cells than LP as evidenced by the cellular uptake test. The in vivo imaging study confirmed that RPARPAR modification significantly increased the liposome accumulation in subcutaneous tumor tissues. RPA-LP could penetrate through tumor blood vessels and tumor stroma and into the deep tumor tissues as evidence by the immunofluorescence staining analysis. The cytotoxicity of RPARPAR-modified doxorubicin liposomes (RPA-LP-DXR) is considerably increased compared with that of doxorubicin liposomes (LP-DXR). The RPA-LP-DXR also showed significantly (p < 0.005) stronger growth-inhibiting effect on tumor than LP-DXR, possibly due to the tumor-penetrating ability of RPA-LP and targeted killing of tumor cells. This study proved that TPP mediation may be an effective strategy for improving the transport of liposomes in tumor tissue.
Voltammetry as a model for teaching chemical instrumentation (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVoltammetry as a model for teaching chemical instrumentationH. Gunasingham and K. P. Ang Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 7, 610Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 July 1985Published inissue 1 July 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ed062p610RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Monitoring of Porous Silicon Layers Used for Epitaxial Wafer Production With Inline Reflectance Spectroscopy (2022)

Manufacture of photovoltaic silicon wafers through epitaxy directly from the vapor phase with the so-called sintered porous silicon method holds significant cost-saving potential compared with the traditional ingot growth and subsequent multiwire sawing because of the absence of kerf loss. In this method, the surface of a substrate wafer is porosified and sintered to provide a growth platform for the epitaxial layer and to enable its later separation. As a newly industrialized technology, kerf-free wafering requires addressing specific characterization needs. One of these requirements is a reliable quality control of as-etched porous silicon (PSi) layers. In this article, we establish a basis for mass production-scale process control of PSi layers used for epitaxial wafer fabrication by utilizing inline spectrophotometry. Specifically, we compare the reflectance spectra of the porous layers between two different inline spectrophotometers and a laboratory reference spectrophotometer. We analyze these spectra with a model-based fitting approach, relying on local optimization methods and accurate initial guess finding to maximize the speed of the fitting procedure. For model verification, we compare the fitted parameters to scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Here, we observe a close correlation between the model-based fits and SEM in a variety of different porous structures, resulting in a mean relative deviation of 5%–11% between the two methods depending on the type of the analyzed layers. As a useful property, the inline setups inherently allow line-scan measurements across the wafers, enabling the determination of parameter profiles to evaluate the uniformity.
A Dynamic Time Warping Based Kernel for 3D Action Recognition Using Kinect Depth Sensor (2020)

Since the advent of 3D sensors and the introduction of robust algorithms for extracting position of skeletal joints out of RGB images, 3D action recognition has attracted a lot of attention. In this paper, we propose a new method for classification of time series representing the position of skeletal joints during the time that an action is performed. One of the main challenges in this classification is the varying speed of performing actions by different individuals. We propose a new kernel function based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) for Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification of different length time series. The proposed kernel is applied to each coordinate of every joint and the resulting feature vector is classified using SVM. The effectiveness of proposed method is verified by experiments on two datasets, TST fall detection and UTD-MHAD, for which we achieved the recognition rates of 98.8% and 98.75 % respectively, which are significantly higher than the state-of-the-art performances on these datasets.
The prion domain of yeast Ure2P induces autocatalytic formation of amyloid fibers by a recombinant fusion protein (2000)

The Ure2 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been proposed to undergo a prion-like autocatalytic conformational change, which leads to inactivation of the protein, thereby generating the [URE3] phenotype. The first 65 amino acids, which are dispensable for the cellular function of Ure2p in nitrogen metabolism, are necessary and sufficient for [URE3] (Masison & Wickner, 1995), leading to designation of this domain as the Ure2 prion domain (UPD). We expressed both UPD and Ure2 as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins in Escherichia coli and observed both to be initially soluble. Upon cleavage of GST-UPD by thrombin, the released UPD formed ordered fibrils that displayed amyloid-like characteristics, such as Congo red dye binding and green-gold birefringence. The fibrils exhibited high beta-sheet content by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Fiber formation proceeded in an autocatalytic manner. In contrast, the released, full-length Ure2p formed mostly amorphous aggregates; a small amount polymerized into fibrils of uniform size and morphology. Aggregation of Ure2p could be seeded by UPD fibrils. Our results provide biochemical support for the proposal that the [URE3] state is caused by a self-propagating inactive form of Ure2p. We also found that the uncleaved GST-UPD fusion protein could polymerize into amyloid fibrils by a strictly autocatalytic mechanism, forcing the GST moiety of the protein to adopt a new, beta-sheet-rich conformation. The findings on the GST-UPD fusion protein indicate that the ability of the prion domain to mediate a prion-like conversion process is not specific for or limited to the Ure2p.
The Effect of a Cognitive Task on Voluntary Step Execution in Healthy Elderly and Young Individuals (2004)

The disproportional increase in step initiation time during the dual task in the elderly group suggests that they lacked neural processing resources required for swift multitasking during a voluntary postural task. This may be a factor contributing to balance loss and the large number of falls in elderly persons. Training may improve this skill. Clinical tests of postural function should incorporate multitask conditions to capture a more complete assessment of an individual's ability.
Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Degradation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) from Seedlings to Harvest (2023)

Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) is one of the commercially important leafy vegetables worldwide. However, lettuce cultivars vary widely in their carotenoid concentrations at the time of harvest. While the carotenoid content of lettuce can depend on transcript levels of key biosynthetic enzymes, genes that can act as biomarkers for carotenoid accumulation at early stages of plant growth have not been identified. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was performed on the inner and outer leaves of the six cultivars at different developmental stages to identify gene-to-metabolite networks affecting the accumulation of two key carotenoids, β-carotene and lutein. Statistical analysis, including principal component analysis, was used to better understand variations in carotenoid concentration between leaf age and cultivars. Our results demonstrate that key enzymes of carotenoid biosynthesis pathway can alter lutein and β-carotene biosynthesis across commercial cultivars. To ensure high carotenoids content in leaves, the metabolites sink from β-carotene and lutein to zeaxanthin, and subsequently, abscisic acid needs to be regulated. Based on 2-3-fold carotenoids increase at 40 days after sowing (DAS) as compared to the seedling stage, and 1.5-2-fold decline at commercial stage (60 DAS) compared to the 40 DAS stage, we conclude that the value of lettuce for human nutrition would be improved by use of less mature plants, as the widely-used commercial stage is already at plant senescence stage where carotenoids and other essential metabolites are undergoing degradation.
Adenylate cyclase activity of a 68,000-molecular-weight protein isolated from the outer membrane of Bordetella bronchiseptica (1985)

A method was developed which is suitable for the isolation of substantial quantities of outer membrane proteins of Bordetella species in a water-soluble form. The extracted material may then be further fractionated in the absence of detergents by ion-exchange chromatography and preparative flat-bed isoelectrofocusing. These procedures facilitated the isolation of one of the proteins, of molecular weight 68,000, for which the antibody titer correlated with the degree of protection against nasal changes induced in specific-pathogen-free piglets by Bordetella bronchiseptica infection (P. Novotny, M. Kobisch, K. Cownley, A. P. Chubb, and J. A. Montaraz, Infect. Immun. 50:190-198). This protein, which banded between 7.0 and 7.6 pH in preparative isoelectrofocusing, may be further purified with a monoclonal immunosorbent. Immunopurified protein showed adenylate cyclase activity. The enzymatic activity was found to be unstable during processing; i.e., although the crude extract showed up to 150 nmol of cyclic AMP per mg/min, the immunopurified protein showed a maximum of only 200 nmol of cyclic AMP per mg/min. Two strains of B. bronchiseptica, isolated from herds of healthy pigs showing no signs of atrophic rhinitis, did not produce the 68,000-molecular-weight protein and were negative for adenylate cyclase. However, it is not known whether the 68,000-molecular-weight protein is a component of adenylate cyclase or whether it is an unrelated protein associated with this enzyme in some unknown way. Adenylate cyclase activity from culture supernatants of B. bronchiseptica, B. pertussis, and B. parapertussis can be absorbed equally to the same monoclonal immunosorbent.
γδ+T-Lymphocyte Cytotoxicity against Envelope-Expressing Target Cells Is Unique to the Alymphocytic State of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in the Natural Host (2000)

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a complex B-lymphotrophic retrovirus of cattle and the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. Serum antibody in infected animals does not correlate with protection from disease, yet only some animals develop severe disease. While a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response may be responsible for directing BLV pathogenesis, this possibility has been left largely unexplored, in part since the lack of readily established cytotoxic target cells in cattle has hampered such studies. Using long-term naturally infected alymphocytic (AL) cattle, we have established the existence of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against BLV envelope proteins (Env; gp51/gp30). In vitro-expanded peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cell effector populations consisted mainly of gammadelta(+) (>40%), CD4(+) (>35%), and CD8(+) (>10%) T lymphocytes. Specific lysis of autologous fibroblasts infected with recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV) delivering the BLV env gene ranged from 30 to 65%. Depletion studies indicated that gammadelta(+) and not CD8(+) T cells were responsible for the cytotoxicity against autologous rVVenv-expressing fibroblasts. Additionally, cultured effector cells lysed rVVenv-expressing autologous fibroblasts and rVVenv-expressing xenogeneic targets similarly, suggesting a lack of genetic restricted killing. Restimulation of effector populations increased the proportion of gammadelta(+) T cells and concomitantly Env-specific cytolysis. Interestingly, culture of cells from BLV-negative or persistently lymphocytic cattle failed to elicit such cytotoxic responses or increase in gammadelta(+) T-cell numbers. These results imply that cytotoxic gammadelta(+) T lymphocytes from only AL cattle recognize BLV Env without a requirement for classical major histocompatibility complex interactions. It is known that gammadelta(+) T lymphocytes are diverse and numerous in cattle, and here we show that they may serve a surveillance role during natural BLV infection.
eBear: An expressive Bear-Like robot (2014)

This paper presents an anthropomorphic robotic bear for the exploration of human-robot interaction including verbal and non-verbal communications. This robot is implemented with a hybrid face composed of a mechanical faceplate with 10 DOFs and an LCD-display-equipped mouth. The facial emotions of the bear are designed based on the description of the Facial Action Coding System as well as some animal-like gestures described by Darwin. The mouth movements are realized by synthesizing emotions with speech. User acceptance investigations have been conducted to evaluate the likability of these facial behaviors exhibited by the eBear. Multiple Kernel Learning is proposed to fuse different features for recognizing user's facial expressions. Our experimental results show that the developed Bear-Like robot can perceive basic facial expressions and provide emotive conveyance towards human beings.
Quantum mechanical calculation of product state distributions for the O(1D)+H2→OH+H reaction on the ground electronic state surface (2000)

The real wave packet method is used to calculate reaction probabilities and product quantum state distributions for the reaction O(1D)+H2→OH+H. The method yields the desired quantities over a wide range of energies from a single wave packet propagation. The calculations are performed on the lowest adiabatic electronic potential energy surface for zero total angular momentum (J=0). A capture model is used to estimate reaction probabilities for J&amp;gt;0 based on our J=0 data, and thus permit the approximate calculation of cross sections. Two different ground state surfaces are used and the results from calculations on the two surfaces are compared with each other and with experiment.
Emperor's new clothes: Is particle disease really infected particle disease? (2016)

Aseptic loosening remains the most significant long-term complication of total hip replacement. The current paradigm points to an inflammatory response to wear particles as its main trigger. Recently, there have been increasing numbers of positive bacterial isolates reported among patients with clinically absent infection. This paper reviews existing evidence on possible involvement of bacteria and microbial-associated molecular patterns in the pathology of so-called "aseptic loosening." © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1497-1504, 2016.
Design and fabrication of QFP logic gates based on YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ step-edge junctions (1997)

Quantum Flux Parametron (QFP) logic gates were designed and fabricated from a single layer of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ thin film based on step-edge Josephson junctions. Self-inductance (L) of the QFP loop, an important circuit parameter, as is critical current (J/sub c/) of the Josephson junction, was determined by using directly coupled dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Magnetically coupled dc SQUIDs were used to detect the output signal from the QFP. Simulated waveforms were used to identify the operation modes of the QFP as a function of the circuit parameters. From examination of the output waveforms of the QFP, operation in agreement with simulations was confirmed.
Case 5-1967 (1967)

Presentation of Case First admission. A seventy-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain.He had been well until a year previously, when he began to experience nonradiating periumbilical pain one to two hours after meals. The pain, which was most severe after a large meal but seemed unrelated to any type of food, was not relieved by antacids and was unaffected by activity. There was no history of pain in the chest, jaundice or melena. His weight was stable, and his appetite remained good.Physical examination revealed a man who appeared healthy. The optic fundi . . .
Bus-ID: Orientierung für Blinde an der Haltestelle (2013)

Blinde und sehbehinderte Menschen werden im Alltag mit vielen Arten von Barrieren konfrontiert. Das Forschungsprojekt Bus-ID zeigt durch eine RFID-basierte Orientierungshilfe eine Losung fur die barrierefreie Gestaltung von Verkehrsanlagen im offentlichen Raum auf. Erste Feldtests des Prototypen an einer Bushaltestelle sowie an einem signalisierten Fusgangeruberweg wurden in Zusammenarbeit mit sehbehinderten und blinden Testteilnehmern durchgefuhrt, um die Gebrauchstauglichkeit zu uberprufen. Die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der technischen und sozialwissenschaftlichen Erhebungen werden in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Recent research and development activities on spread spectrum communication systems (1992)

Abstract This paper reviews recent worldwide activities concerning research and development for spread spectrum communication technologies. Included are various novel proposals, results of analysis, and experimental results concerning spreading code, synchronization, device, system construction, and applications to consumer and mobile communications. For the spreading code, however, two invited papers are presented in this special issue and hence only a brief explanation is made here. Instead, considerable space is devoted to the recent progress toward development of CDMA public land mobile telecommunication systems in the United States.
After the Fall (2001)

In the early 1990s, biotechnology companies experienced a brief sugar high. Two start-ups—Cytel and Glycomed—pushed new sugar-based drugs into late-stage clinical trials. Cytel's compound was intended to block inflammation by inhibiting the binding of proteins called selectins to white blood cells, thereby disrupting the ability of white blood cells to find damaged tissue. Glycomed tried to modify a natural complex sugar compound called heparin to improve its performance in slowing the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in patients with damaged blood vessels. If the drugs worked, they promised to usher in a new era of compounds targeting sugars and sugar-binding proteins, which together play key roles in infections, cancer metastasis, and immune system diseases. That era hasn't yet arrived. Both drugs faltered, as did the two companies, whose assets and technologies were eventually sold off to competitors.
3-D computational analysis of the stress distribution on the leaflets after edge-to-edge repair of mitral regurgitation. (2002)

Leaflet distortion and altered stress distribution occur on the leaflets after edge-to-edge repair. Diastolic peak stress values were comparable with those calculated in systole. The clinical implication is a doubled exposure of valve components to systolic stresses, as if the heart rate were doubled. The use of a prosthetic annuloplasty ring is favorable in the presence of annular dilation to reduce stresses acting on the leaflets after edge-to-edge repair.
<p>Efficacy of on-demand intrahepatic arterial therapy in combination with sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma</p> (2019)

On-demand combination therapy was tolerated and may be a therapeutic option for patients with advanced HCC.
Programmed death 1 and its ligands do not limit experimental foreign antigen‐induced immune complex glomerulonephritis (2015)

The endogenous PD-1/PD-L pathway does not limit acute experimental foreign antigen-induced circulating immune complex glomerulonephritis.
Diseño de un biofiltro percolador anóxico para la desulfuración de biogás con nitrificación simultánea de aguas con alto contenido en amonio (2015)

El objetivo del TFG sera tratar un caudal de biogas de 300 Nm3/h con una concentracion de sulfuro de hidrogeno (H2S) media de entrada de 4500 ppmv y maxima de salida de 200 ppmv. La eliminacion de H2S sera llevada a cabo por un biofiltro percolador anoxico y por tanto se empleara como aceptor final de electrones nitrato y/o nitrito. La produccion de nitrato y/o nitrito sera llevada a cabo en un sistema de nitrificacion basado el proceso Ludzack-Ettinger en el que la etapa anoxica sera llevada en el biofiltro percolador. El sistema de nitrificacion sera alimentado con un efluente de elevada carga de amonico (1000 mg N-NH4 L-1), obtenido del agua de rechazo del proceso de deshidratacion de los lodos anaerobicos generados en una EDAR. En caso de deficit en la produccion de nitrato y/o nitrito se dispondra de un deposito auxiliar para la dosificacion quimica del mismo.
Se realizara el dimensionamiento de todos los equipos y del sistema de control.