gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Plant Heterotrimeric G-Protein Complex (2007)

Heterotrimeric G-protein complexes couple extracellular signals via cell surface receptors to downstream enzymes called effectors. Heterotrimeric G-protein complexes, together with their cognate receptors and effectors, operate at the apex of signal transduction. In plants, the number of G-protein complex components is dramatically less than in other multicellular eukaryotes. An understanding of how multiple signals propagate transduction through the G-protein node can be found in the unique structural and kinetic properties of the plant heterotrimeric G-protein complex. This review addresses these unique features and speculates on why the repertoire of G-protein signaling elements is dramatically simpler than that in all other multicellular eukaryotes.
Broken living layers: dislocations in active smectics (2022)

We show that dislocations in active 2d smectics with underlying rotational symmetry are always unbound in the presence of noise, meaning the active smectic phase does not exist for non-zero noise in $d=2$. The active smectic phase can, like equilibrium smectics in 2d, be stabilized by applying rotational symmetry breaking fields; however, even in the presence of such fields, active smectics are still much less stable against noise than equilibrium ones, when the symmetry breaking field(s) are weak.
Image quality assessment in retinal images of premature infants taken with RetCam 120 digital fundus camera (2005)

The aim of the work was to investigate automatic methods of assessing the image quality of retinal images from premature infants taken with the RetCam 120 digital fundus camera. The quality of 73 images was assessed by measuring the asymmetry of histograms derived from edge maps. The edge maps were generated using a Gaussian matched filter, a method optimized for the detection of vessels on retinal images. The results show that measurement of the histogram asymmetry derived from edge maps is a promising method for the automated quantification of image quality of retinal images from infants.
Persistence of plastic debris and its colonization by bacterial communities after two decades on the abyssal seafloor (2020)

The fate of plastic debris entering the oceans is largely unconstrained. Currently, intensified research is devoted to the abiotic and microbial degradation of plastic floating near the ocean surface for an extended period of time. In contrast, the impacts of environmental conditions in the deep sea on polymer properties and rigidity are virtually unknown. Here, we present unique results of plastic items identified to have been introduced into deep-sea sediments at a water depth of 4150 m in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean more than two decades ago. The results, including optical, spectroscopic, physical and microbial analyses, clearly demonstrate that the bulk polymer materials show no apparent sign of physical or chemical degradation. Solely the polymer surface layers showed reduced hydrophobicity, presumably caused by microbial colonization. The bacterial community present on the plastic items differed significantly (p < 0.1%) from those of the adjacent natural environment by a dominant presence of groups requiring steep redox gradients (Mesorhizobium, Sulfurimonas) and a remarkable decrease in diversity. The establishment of chemical gradients across the polymer surfaces presumably caused these conditions. Our findings suggest that plastic is stable over extended times under deep-sea conditions and that prolonged deposition of polymer items at the seafloor may induce local oxygen depletion at the sediment-water interface.
Abstract 406: Development of a gene signature assessing ER modulation by SERMs and SERDs as a target engagement biomarker for endocrine therapy in breast cancer (2021)

Abstract Hormone or endocrine therapy is the primary treatment for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) have been used for women with ER+ invasive cancer in the adjuvant setting. However, they do not fully inhibit ER transcriptional activity. Therefore, selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) such as fulvestrant have been developed to overcome the partial modulation of ER transcriptional activity by SERMs. However, the clinical benefit of fulvestrant is limited by its pharmaceutical properties, and burden of intramuscular administration. We developed amcenestrant (SAR439859), a novel, orally bioavailable SERD to improve drug properties and is under clinical investigation.To assess the relative ER modulating activity, we developed a gene signature by transcriptional profiling of multiple ER+ cell lines. We identified 87 genes that were either up- or down-regulated by estradiol and reversed by SERM and SERD compounds or differentially expressed between a SERM/SERD compound and estradiol. We assessed ER activity scores by applying Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) method to the ER gene signature and evaluated the effect of 6 SERD compounds. Amcenestrant and fulvestrant illuminated a deeper inhibition of ER activity compared to the other compounds. In addition, these ER activity scores could potentially be utilized in clinics as pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker to assess target engagement. We applied this ER signature to RNA-seq data from paired pre- and post-treatment tumor biopsies from patients of NCT03284957 study (AMEERA-1), an open-label, phase 1/2 study of amcenestrant in postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. The results of our analysis showed that ER activity is down-regulated by amcenestrant (oral SERD) for 3 out of 5 patients, in parallel with clinical benefit. Validation in a larger patient cohort is needed. Citation Format: Joon Sang Lee, Maysoun Shomali, Monsif Bouaboula, Emma Wang, Wilson Dos-Santos-Bele, Colette Dib, Eric Boitier, Vasiliki Pelekanou, Nils Ternes, Alice Gosselin, Patrick Cohen, Marina Celanovic, Christopher Soria, Alexei Protopopov, Jack Pollard. Development of a gene signature assessing ER modulation by SERMs and SERDs as a target engagement biomarker for endocrine therapy in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 406.
Identification and Functional Characterization of the p66/p68 Components of the MeCP1 Complex (2002)

Methylation of cytosine at CpG dinucleotides is a common feature of many higher eukaryotic genomes. A major biological consequence of DNA methylation is gene silencing. Increasing evidence indicates that recruitment of histone deacetylase complexes by methyl-CpG-binding proteins is a major mechanism of methylated DNA silencing. We have previously reported that the MeCP1 protein complex represses transcription through preferential binding, remodeling, and deacetylation of methylated nucleosomes. To understand the molecular mechanism of the functioning of the MeCP1 complex, the individual components of the MeCP1 complex need to be characterized. In this paper, we report the identification and functional characterization of the p66 and p68 components of the MeCP1 complex. We provide evidence that the two components are different forms of the same zinc finger-containing protein. Analysis of the p66 homologs from different organisms revealed two highly conserved regions, CR1 and CR2. While CR1 is involved in the association of p66 with other MeCP1 components, CR2 plays an important role in targeting p66 and MBD3 to specific loci. Thus, our study not only completes the identification of the MeCP1 components but also reveals the potential function of p66 in MeCP1 complex targeting. The identification and characterization of all the MeCP1 components set the stage for reconstitution of the MeCP1 complex.
<title>LED-array light source for medical therapy</title> (1993)

Light emitting diode (LED) array light sources currently in development offer an alternative to laser light sources in a wide range of medical applications. Previously developed as light sources for research in photosynthesis in plant growth experimentation, LED arrays have produced an average continuous output of 4 - 6 watts at a wavelength of 660 nm. This output is equivalent to the terrestrially sensed output of the sun at this wavelength at high noon. LED chips are arrayed on an alumina tile substrate that may be formed to provide optical power focused on a specified target area.
Transient Monocytosis Subjugates Low Platelet Count in Adult Dengue Patients (2017)

Innate phagocytic cells play an essential role in low platelet counts in adult patients with dengue virus infections.
Impact Mechanics Parametric Studies With Applications to Dynamic Force Calibration (2017)

National Measurement Institutions have developed apparatuses that rely on impacting bodies to realize time-varying forces for dynamic calibration of force transducers. Within this manuscript, we present a reduced-order model to investigate the effects of structural and contact parameters on determining the frequency-dependent calibration function of the force transducer that is to be calibrated. The reduced-order model is validated with experimental measurements and is used to conduct parametric studies, wherein regions of single impact events and contact time are mapped out in parameter space. Although this study has been conducted with dynamic force calibrations in mind, the results presented here are of broader relevance to modal analysis and system identification.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Additions to 3‐(Oxazolinyl)pyridine with Organolithium Reagents. (1982)

Abstract Aus den chiralen Aminoalkoholen (Ia) und (Ib) werden durch Umsetzung mit dem Iminoester (II) die Oxazoline (III) bzw. (IV) hergestellt.
Amylomaltase ofPyrobaculum aerophilumIM2 Produces Thermoreversible Starch Gels (2005)

Amylomaltases are 4-alpha-glucanotransferases (EC 2.4.1.25) of glycoside hydrolase family 77 that transfer alpha-1,4-linked glucans to another acceptor, which can be the 4-OH group of an alpha-1,4-linked glucan or glucose. The amylomaltase-encoding gene (PAE1209) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum IM2 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene product (PyAMase) was characterized. PyAMase displays optimal activity at pH 6.7 and 95 degrees C and is the most thermostable amylomaltase described to date. The thermostability of PyAMase was reduced in the presence of 2 mM dithiothreitol, which agreed with the identification of two possible cysteine disulfide bridges in a three-dimensional model of PyAMase. The kinetics for the disproportionation of malto-oligosaccharides, inhibition by acarbose, and binding mode of the substrates in the active site were determined. Acting on gelatinized food-grade potato starch, PyAMase produced a thermoreversible starch product with gelatin-like properties. This thermoreversible gel has potential applications in the food industry. This is the first report on an archaeal amylomaltase.
Terpenoids. XXVII.1 The Structure of the Cactus Triterpene Myrtillogenic Acid2 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTerpenoids. XXVII.1 The Structure of the Cactus Triterpene Myrtillogenic Acid2Carl Djerassi and H. G. MonsimerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 11, 2901–2905Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01568a057RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (629 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Development of transmission lines at frequencies of 28-37 GHz for application with ECR ion sources (2003)

The use of available superconducting (SC) magnet technology for ion plasma sources allows the application of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) at frequencies up to 37 GHz. In that range gyrotrons are the efficient sources. The overmoded transmission lines (needed for the high power) between gyrotron and ion source can be designed with methods also used in ECRH experiments for fusion plasma heating. This paper reports on design of several components such as mode converters, bends, DC breaks and couplers.
Fabry-Perot and open resonators at microwave and millimetre wave frequencies, 2-300 GHz (1982)

The design and metrological applications of Fabry-Perot resonators in the microwave and millimetre regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are reviewed. The review opens with introductory discussions on open resonator principles and configurations, continues with an analysis of developments in theoretical and empirical resonator characterisation and concludes with a broad survey of recent microwave Fabry-Perot applications. These include dielectric, anisotropy, magnetic resonance, scattering and atmospheric measurements and gas refractometry and spectroscopy. Other applications discussed include quasi-optical filters and diplexers.
Cell search in W-CDMA (2000)

In a CDMA cellular system, the process of the mobile station searching for a cell and achieving code and time synchronization to its downlink scrambling code is referred to as cell search. Cell search is performed in three scenarios: initial cell search when a mobile station is switched on, idle mode search when inactive, and active mode search during a call. The latter two are also called target cell search. This paper presents algorithms and results for both initial and target cell search scenarios for the wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) standard. In W-CDMA, the cell search itself is divided into five acquisition stages: slot synchronization, frame synchronization and scrambling code group identification, scrambling code identification, frequency acquisition, and cell identification. Initial cell search needs all five stages, while target cell search in general does not need the last two stages. A pipelined process of the first three stages that minimizes the average code and time acquisition time, while keeping the complexity at a reasonable level, is considered. The frequency error in initial cell search, which may be as large as 20 kHz, is taken care of by partial symbol despreading and noncoherent combining. Optimization of key system parameters such as the loading factors for primary synchronization channel, synchronization channel, and common pilot channel for achieving the smallest average code and time acquisition time is studied. After code and time synchronization (the first three stages), a maximum likelihood (ML)-based frequency acquisition method is used to bring down the frequency error to about 200 Hz. The gain of this method is more than 10 dB compared to an alternative scheme that obtains a frequency error estimate using differential detection.
Spatially resolved density and ionization measurements of shocked foams using x-ray fluorescence (2016)

We present experiments at the Trident laser facility demonstrating the use of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to simultaneously measure density, ionization state populations, and electron temperature in shocked foams. An imaging x-ray spectrometer obtained spatially resolved measurements of Ti K-α emission. Density profiles were measured from K-α intensity. Ti ionization state distributions and electron temperatures were inferred by fitting K-α spectra to spectra from CRETIN simulations. This work shows that XRF provides a powerful tool to complement other diagnostics to make equation of state measurements of shocked materials containing a suitable tracer element.
Development of large high-voltage pressure insulators for the Princeton TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor) flexible transmission lines (1986)

Specially formulated insulator materials with improved strength and high-voltage properties were developed and used for critical components of the flexible transmission lines to the TFTR neutral beam ion sources. These critical components are plates which support central conductors as they exit the high-voltage power supply and enter the ion source enclosure. Each plate acts both as a high-voltage insulator and as a pressure barrier to the SF/sub 6/ insulating gas. The original plate was made of commercial glass-epoxy laminate which limited the plate voltage capacity. The newly developed insulator is made of specially-formulated cycloalphatic Di-epoxide whose isotropic properties exhibit increased arc resistance. It is cast in one piece with skirts which greatly increase the breakdown voltage. This paper discusses the design, fabrication and testing of the new insulator.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrole Studies. Part 36. The Synthesis of 2,2′‐Bipyrroles and Related Compounds. (1986)

Abstract Nucleophilic addition of the acyl anion of (I) ‐ generated by reaction with thiazolium salts ‐ to the butenone (II) yields the arylpentadiones (III).
Dynamic task assignment in a multiagent/multitask environment based on module conflict resolution (2002)

It is necessary to coordinate multiple tasks in order to cope with larger-scaled and more complicated tasks. However, it seems very hard to accomplish the multiple tasks at the same time. The paper proposes a method to resolve a conflict between task modules through the processes of their executions. Based on the proposed method, the robot can select an appropriate module according to the priority. In addition, we apply the module conflict resolution to a multiagent environment. Consequently, multiple tasks are automatically allocated to the multiple robots. As a task example, a soccer game is selected to show the validity of the proposed method. Real experiments are shown, and a discussion is given.
SKED: Sketch-guided Text-based 3D Editing (2023)

Text-to-image diffusion models are gradually introduced into computer graphics, recently enabling the development of Text-to-3D pipelines in an open domain. However, for interactive editing purposes, local manipulations of content through a simplistic textual interface can be arduous. Incorporating user guided sketches with Text-to-image pipelines offers users more intuitive control. Still, as state-of-the-art Text-to-3D pipelines rely on optimizing Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) through gradients from arbitrary rendering views, conditioning on sketches is not straightforward. In this paper, we present SKED, a technique for editing 3D shapes represented by NeRFs. Our technique utilizes as few as two guiding sketches from different views to alter an existing neural field. The edited region respects the prompt semantics through a pre-trained diffusion model. To ensure the generated output adheres to the provided sketches, we propose novel loss functions to generate the desired edits while preserving the density and radiance of the base instance. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method through several qualitative and quantitative experiments. https://sked-paper.github.io/
High‐performance liquid chromatographic separations of soy phospholipids (1996)

Abstract High‐performance liquid chromatography methods to quantitate soy phospholipids vary as to which phospholipids are analyzed, degree of method ruggedness, precision, time, and standards. Fluid and deoiled soy lecithins were analyzed by three different high‐performance liquid chromatography methods, including the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) Method Ja 7b‐91. The other methods include an isocratic mixed phase (normal‐phase column and reverse‐phase solvent) method with ultraviolet detection, and a binary gradient normal‐phase (proposed International Lecithin and Phospholipid Society) method with light‐scattering detection. A set of 20 analyses were repeated on three different days for fluid and deoiled product by the three methods. The statistical comparison involved the selected methods and the phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine measured data, which were the common analytes among the methods. The precision for the mixed phase method and the Proposed International Lecithin and Phospholipid Society method was better than that for the AOCS method. Selection of reference standards was an important issue in defining the results. Column conditioning varied by 2–3 h for the Proposed International Lecithin and Phospholipid Society method, 16 h for the mixed phase method, and 2–3 d for the AOCS method. The ruggedness for the methods showed the following descending order: proposed International Lecithin and Phospholipid Society, mixed phase, AOCS.
High external pH can activate the Ca2+ transport system of sea urchin sperm (2020)

It is known that sea urchin sperm undergo spontaneous acrosome reaction (AR) in high pH sea water. It remains unclear why and how AR occurs. Since the increases in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2 +]i) and pH (pHi) are necessary for the induction of the AR by egg jelly, we examined the relations of external pH (pHe) to [Ca2+]i and pHi of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus sperm.
Molecular Imaging of Metastatic Potential (2008)

If molecular imaging is to prove clinically useful it will have to surpass current, primarily anatomic techniques in terms of sensitivity and the ability to detect minimal changes in tissue. One of the most important tests for molecular imaging is to determine whether it can image the metastatic potential of tumors. Like all predictive endeavors, the imaging of such "potential" is a daunting task, but one that only molecular imaging--rather than standard, anatomic techniques--is likely to solve. Although difficult, imaging of metastatic potential is also arguably the most important task for molecular imaging of cancer because it is generally the dissemination of malignant tissue, not its prolonged residence in an inopportune site, which kills the patient. Below are examples of uses of molecular imaging of metastases as well as of metastatic potential, the former being a far more developed area of clinical inquiry.
A Comprehensive Functional Map of the Hepatitis C Virus Genome Provides a Resource for Probing Viral Proteins (2014)

Our insertional mutagenesis library provides a resource that illustrates the effects of relatively small insertions on local protein structure and HCV viability. We have also generated complementary resources, including a website (http://hangfei.bol.ucla.edu) and a panel of epitope-tagged mutant viruses that should enhance the research capabilities of investigators studying HCV. Researchers can now detect epitope-tagged viral proteins by established antibodies, which will allow biochemical studies of HCV proteins for which antibodies are not readily available. Furthermore, researchers can now quickly look up genotype-phenotype relationships and base further mechanistic studies on the residue-by-residue information from the functional profile. More broadly, this approach offers a general strategy for the systematic functional characterization of viruses on the genome scale.
Sexual Activity, Erectile Dysfunction and Their Correlates Among 1,566 Older Chinese Men in Southern China (2008)

We showed that a large proportion of elderly men were not sexually active in Hong Kong. For those who were sexually active, most suffered from some degree of erectile dysfunction. Having clinically relevant depressive symptoms and LUTS were independently associated with increased risk of erectile dysfunction.