gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation by suppression-subtractive hybridization of genes preferentially expressed during early and late fiber development stages in cotton (2006)

As a main natural fiber source, cotton plays an important role in human life. To identify genes preferentially expressed during early and late cotton fiber development, we constructed two fiber subtracted libraries on the basis of PCR-selected subtraction using a pool of nonfiber tissues as the same driver and 10 days postanthesis (DPA) and 20 DPA fiber cells as testers, respectively. Through differential screening, 292 clones in both libraries were identified as being preferentially expressed during fiber development. Sequence analysis showed that 31 unique sequences were found in the library of 10 DPA fibers and 48 unique sequences were obtained in the library of 20 DPA fibers. In addition, there were 13 unique clones in common in both libraries. Many previously reported cotton fiber-related genes were included in both libraries. Northern hybridization was performed to further confirm the differential expression and to determine the pattern of mRNA accumulation of selected clones. As a result, all selected cDNAs showed highly preferential expression in developing cotton fibers. Four genes-putative gibberellin-regulated protein, putative tonoplast intrinsic protein, putative plasma membrane intrinsic protein, and Gossypium hirsutum putative membrane protein-were identified in 10 DPA fiber subtracted library, and they were found to be expressed a lot during early fiber development. On the other hand, those genes screened out of 20 DPA fiber subtracted library, like arabinogalactan protein and fiber glycosyl hydrolase family 19 protein, were found highly expressed in fibers with the maximal transcription level during developmental switch from elongation to cellulose deposition. By subtraction between fibers and five nonfiber tissues, two sets of genes were identified, and their fiber-specific or fiber-preferential expression indicated that they are involved in the network that controls cotton fiber development.
MK-801 Impairs Cognitive Coordination on a Rotating Arena (Carousel) and Contextual Specificity of Hippocampal Immediate-Early Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Psychosis (2014)

Flexible behavior in dynamic, real-world environments requires more than static spatial learning and memory. Discordant and unstable cues must be organized in coherent subsets to give rise to meaningful spatial representations. We model this form of cognitive coordination on a rotating arena - Carousel where arena- and room-bound spatial cues are dissociated. Hippocampal neuronal ensemble activity can repeatedly switch between multiple representations of such an environment. Injection of tetrodotoxin into one hippocampus prevents cognitive coordination during avoidance of a stationary room-defined place on the Carousel and increases coactivity of previously unrelated neurons in the uninjected hippocampus. Place avoidance on the Carousel is impaired after systemic administration of non-competitive NMDAr blockers (MK-801) used to model schizophrenia in animals and people. We tested if this effect is due to cognitive disorganization or other effect of NMDAr antagonism such as hyperlocomotion, spatial memory impairment, or general learning deficit. We also examined if the same dose of MK-801 alters patterns of immediate-early gene (IEG) expression in the hippocampus. IEG expression is triggered in neuronal nuclei in a context-specific manner after behavioral exploration and it is used to map activity in neuronal populations. IEG expression is critical for maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. We show that the same dose of MK-801 that impairs spatial coordination of rats on the Carousel also eliminates contextual specificity of IEG expression in hippocampal CA1 ensembles. This effect is due to increased similarity between ensembles activated in different environments, consistent with the idea that it is caused by increased coactivity between neurons, which did not previously fire together. Our data support the proposition of the Hypersynchrony theory that cognitive disorganization in psychosis is due to increased coactivity between unrelated neurons.
pH-Dependent Conformational Change of Gastric Mucin Leads to Sol-Gel Transition (1999)

We present dynamic light scattering (DLS) and hydrophobic dye-binding data in an effort to elucidate a molecular mechanism for the ability of gastric mucin to form a gel at low pH, which is crucial to the barrier function of gastric mucus. DLS measurements of dilute mucin solutions were not indicative of intermolecular association, yet there was a steady fall in the measured diffusion coefficient with decreasing pH, suggesting an apparent increase in size. Taken together with the observed rise in depolarized scattering ratio with decreasing pH, these results suggest that gastric mucin undergoes a conformational change from a random coil at pH >/= 4 to an anisotropic, extended conformation at pH < 4. The increased binding of mucin to hydrophobic fluorescent with decreasing pH indicates that the change to an extended conformation is accompanied by exposure of hydrophobic binding sites. In concentrated mucin solutions, the structure factor S(q, t) derived from DLS measurements changed from a stretched exponential decay at pH 7 to a power-law decay at pH 2, which is characteristic of a sol-gel transition. We propose that the conformational change facilitates cross-links among mucin macromolecules through hydrophobic interactions at low pH, which in turn leads to a sol-gel transition when the mucin solution is sufficiently concentrated.
Gypenosides improve the intestinal microbiota of non-alcoholic fatty liver in mice and alleviate its progression (2019)

Gypenosides (GP) are a type of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extracted from plants and commonly applied for treatment of metabolic diseases. This study aims to explore the effects of GP extracts on alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this experiment, C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned into normal diet control (ND), HFHC (high-fat and high-cholesterol) and HFHC + GP (GP) groups. Mice in HFHC group were fed HFHC diet combined with fructose drinking water for 12 weeks to induce the animal model of NAFLD, followed by ordinary drinking water until the end of the experiment. In the HFHC + GP group, mice were fed HFHC diet combined with fructose drinking water for 12 weeks, followed by GP-containing drinking water till the end. Mouse body weight was measured weekly. After animal procedures, mouse liver and serum samples were collected. It is shown that GP administration reduced body weight, enhanced the sensitivity to insulin resistance (IR) and decreased serum levels of ALT, AST and TG in NAFLD mice. In addition, GP treatment alleviated steatohepatitis, and downregulated ACC1, PPARγ, CD36, APOC3 and MTTP levels in mice fed with HFHC diet. Furthermore, GP treatment markedly improved intestinal microbiota, and reduced relative abundance ratio of Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes in the feces of NAFLD mice. Our results suggested that GP alleviated NAFLD in mice through improving intestinal microbiota.
Glycosylation of immunoglobulin G is regulated by a large network of genes pleiotropic with inflammatory diseases (2020)

Effector functions of immunoglobulin G (IgG) are regulated by the composition of a glycan moiety, thus affecting activity of the immune system. Aberrant glycosylation of IgG has been observed in many diseases, but little is understood about the underlying mechanisms. We performed a genome-wide association study of IgG N-glycosylation (<i>N</i> = 8090) and, using a data-driven network approach, suggested how associated loci form a functional network. We confirmed in vitro that knockdown of <i>IKZF1</i> decreases the expression of fucosyltransferase FUT8, resulting in increased levels of fucosylated glycans, and suggest that RUNX1 and RUNX3, together with SMARCB1, regulate expression of glycosyltransferase MGAT3. We also show that variants affecting the expression of genes involved in the regulation of glycoenzymes colocalize with variants affecting risk for inflammatory diseases. This study provides new evidence that variation in key transcription factors coupled with regulatory variation in glycogenes modifies IgG glycosylation and has influence on inflammatory diseases.
APRIL modulates B and T cell immunity (2002)

The TNF-like ligands APRIL and BLyS are close relatives and share the capacity to bind the receptors TACI and BCMA.BLyS has been shown to play an important role in B cell homeostasis and autoimmunity, but the biological role of APRIL remains less well defined.Analysis of T cells revealed an activation-dependent increase in APRIL mRNA expression.We therefore generated mice expressing APRIL as a transgene in T cells.These mice appeared normal and showed no signs of B cell hyperplasia.Transgenic T cells revealed a greatly enhanced survival in vitro as well as enhanced survival of staphylococcal enterotoxin B-reactive CD4 + T cells in vivo, which both directly correlate with elevated Bcl-2 levels.Analysis of humoral responses to T cell-dependent antigens in the transgenic mice indicated that APRIL affects only IgM but not IgG responses.In contrast, T cell-independent type 2 (TI-2) humoral response was enhanced in APRIL transgenic mice.As TACI was previously reported to be indispensable for TI-2 antibody formation, these results suggest a role for APRIL/TACI interactions in the generation of this response.Taken together, our data indicate that APRIL is involved in the induction and/or maintenance of T and B cell responses.
Response to Comment on “An Evaluation of Water Quality in Private Drinking Water Wells Near Natural Gas Extraction Sites in the Barnett Shale Formation” (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrespondence/Rebut...Correspondence/RebuttalResponse to Comment on "An Evaluation of Water Quality in Private Drinking Water Wells Near Natural Gas Extraction Sites in the Barnett Shale Formation"Brian E. Fontenot†, Zacariah L. Hildenbrand†‡, Doug D. Carlton, Jr.†, Jayme L. Walton§, and Kevin A. Schug*†View Author Information† Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States‡ Inform Environmental, LLC, Dallas, Texas 75227, United States§ SWCA Environmental Consultants, 2201 Brookhollow Plaza Drive, Suite 400, Arlington, Texas 76006, United States*Phone: 817-272-3541. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 6, 3597–3599Publication Date (Web):March 3, 2014Publication History Published online3 March 2014Published inissue 18 March 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es500425jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es500425jarticle-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views700Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (312 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Arsenic,Extraction,Natural resources,Selenium,Shale Get e-Alerts
Antioxidants Inhibit Subsequent Lipid Production via Sebaceous Gland Cell Differentiation (2017)

Objective: The effects of sebum lipid production by sebaceous gland cells were investigated in vitro following inhibition of cell differentiation by the antioxidants (ascorbyl/tocopheryl) phosphoric acid, ascorbic acid, and pyridoxine cyclic phosphate.
Community-Aware Event Dissemination (2006)

This paper presents a distributed algorithm to disseminate events in a publish/subscribe system, where processes publish events of certain topics, organized in a hierarchy, and expect events of topics they subscribed to. Every topic defines a dynamic notion of ``community'', gathering the processes which publish on that topic or subscribe to it. Our algorithm is completely decentralized (no brokers), yet does not require from any process to ever receive, store or forward, events from a community it is not part of. We order the communities according to the topic inclusion relationships to efficiently manage the flow of information within, and between the communities, as well as limit the memory consumption of each process. Processes can control, for each of their communities, the trade-off between the message complexity and the reliability of event dissemination. We convey this trade-off through analysis, simulations and measurements obtained with a full implementation of our algorithm.
Crossed Aldol Condensation Reactions in the Presence of Potassium Fluoride Supported on Activated Alumina-neutral. (1997)

有機合成において, 交差アルドール縮合は炭素-炭素結合形成反応として重要な反応の一つである。我々は, 種々のフッ化塩を無機固体に担持させた固体塩基触媒を用いたベンズアルデヒド (1) と2-ブタノン (2) の交差アルドール縮合反応の検討を行った。結果, フッ化カリウムを中性アルミナに担持させた触媒 (KF/Al2O3-neutral) が (1) と (2) の交差アルドール縮合反応に有効に働くことを見いだした。又, この触媒は種々の芳香族アルデヒド, ケトンの交差アルドール縮合反応やカルコン類, ジスチリルケトン類の合成にも適用可能である。
Pharmacological Characterization of a Recombinant, Fluorescent Somatostatin Receptor Agonist (2011)

Somatostatin (SST) is a peptide neurotransmitter/hormone found in several mammalian tissue types. Apart from its natural importance, labeled SST/analogues are utilized in clinical applications such as targeting/diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. We report on the development and characterization of a novel, recombinant, fluorescent somatostatin analogue that has potential to elucidate somatostatin-activated cell signaling. SST was genetically fused with a monomeric-red fluorescent protein (mRFP) as the fluorescent label. The attachment of SST to mRFP had no detectable effect on its fluorescent properties. This analogue's potency to activate the endogenous and transfected somatostatin receptors was characterized using assays of membrane potential and Ca(2+) mobilization and immunocytochemistry. SST-mRFP was found to be an effective somatostatin receptor agonist, able to trigger the membrane hyperpolarization, mobilization of the intracellular Ca(2+) and receptor-ligand internalization in cells expressing somatostatin receptors. This complex represents a novel optical reporter due to its red emission spectral band suitable for in vivo imaging and tracking of the somatostatin receptor signaling pathways, affording higher resolution and sensitivity than those of the state-of-the-art radiolabeling bioassays.
Compiler design in C (1990)

Basic concepts input and lexical-analysis context-free grammars top-down parsing bottom-up parsing code generation - implementing a small C++ compiler optimization strategies.
Investigation of broadband on-body electromagnetic wave propagations (2015)

Electromagnetic wave propagations over human body surface are of great interests in recent years due to the emerging medical applications of wireless body area networks (WBANs). Extensive studies have been implemented to reveal on-body wave mechanisms and it was found that: a ground wave is the dominant mechanism for line-of-sight (LOS), near-skin propagation; and a creeping wave contributes most for non-line-of-sight (NLOS), around-torso propagation. The propagation characteristics (i.e., propagation and attenuation constants) of both waves have been extracted and show good agreements with theoretical model predictions.
Design of Wearable Power-Assist Device for Lower Back Support (2004)

In this paper, we propose a mechanical device for supporting the lower back, which is often injured due to carrying heavy loads because of the large compression applied to the lower back that may injure spinal discs. We develop a power-assist device for supporting one degree of freedom (DOF), which is flexion and extension of the lower back, for reducing compression and assisting lifting. We evaluate the effect of the device in experiments that verify that the proposed power-assist device effectively protects against lumbago.
Volume‐of‐interest (VOI) imaging in C‐arm flat‐detector CT for high image quality at reduced dose (2010)

The proposed VOI application with two scans is an effective way to ensure high image quality within the VOI while simultaneously reducing the cumulative patient dose.
Invasive cleavage reactions on DNA‐modified diamond surfaces (2004)

Recently developed DNA-modified diamond surfaces exhibit excellent chemical stability to high-temperature incubations in biological buffers. The stability of these surfaces is substantially greater than that of gold or silicon surfaces, using similar surface attachment chemistry. The DNA molecules attached to the diamond surfaces are accessible to enzymes and can be modified in surface enzymatic reactions. An important application of these surfaces is for surface invasive cleavage reactions, in which target DNA strands added to the solution may result in specific cleavage of surface-bound probe oligonucleotides, permitting analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our previous work demonstrated the feasibility of performing such cleavage reactions on planar gold surfaces using PCR-amplified human genomic DNA as target. The sensitivity of detection in this earlier work was substantially limited by a lack of stability of the gold surface employed. In the present work, detection sensitivity is improved by a factor of approximately 100 (100 amole of DNA target compared with 10 fmole in the earlier work) by replacing the DNA-modified gold surface with a more stable DNA-modified diamond surface.
Validation in Rat Plasma of a Direct Radioimmunoassay for a Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonist (BIM 21009) (1990)

Abstract Rabbits were immunized with [Ac-D-β-Nal1-, D-p-Cl-Phe2, D-Phe3, D-Arg6, Phe7, D-Ala10]LHRH (BIM 21009) coupled to bovine serum albumin using bis-diazotized benzidine. The best antiserum had an affinity of 5. 10−10 M and a specificity directed against the C-terminal part of the molecule. The antiserum was not affected by native LHRH but reacted to some extent with detergents. Assay of free-peptide plasma after gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 34 showed apparent immunoreactivity associated with albumin and lipoproteins. The sensitivity of direct assay was 0.4 ng/ml. Measurements of BIM 21009 after s.c. injection in rats showed the resistance of the peptide to elimination. The specificity of the determinations in plasma were checked by High Performance Liquid Chromatography.
Greatly reduced amino acid alphabets in directed evolution: making the right choice for saturation mutagenesis at homologous enzyme positions (2008)

Enantioselective mutants of the thermally robust phenyl acetone monooxygenase (PAMO) as catalysts in Baeyer-Villiger reactions have been evolved by utilizing saturation mutagenesis in which drastically reduced amino acid alphabets are employed at homologous enzyme positions.
Plasmid Requirements for Infection of Ticks by Borrelia burgdorferi (2005)

Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31 MI commonly loses one or more of its complement of 21 extrachromosomal plasmids during normal handling procedures and during genetic manipulations. Certain plasmid losses cause an inability or reduction in the ability of spirochetes to infect mice. In the current study, nine strains of spirochetes with varying plasmid profiles were used to identify plasmids necessary for nymphal tick infection. Nymphal ticks were artificially fed the nine spirochete strains as well as the parental strain containing a full complement of plasmids. The capillary fed nymphs were allowed to feed on mice for at least 63 h and then examined for the presence of spirochetes in their guts and salivary glands. All spirochete strains tested were able to infect ticks guts, but to different degrees. We determined that the plasmids lp5, lp28-1, and cp9 were not required for infecting tick guts, whereas loss of lp25 and lp28-4 was associated with reduced gut infectivity. A reduction in the ability of spirochetes to invade salivary glands was seen in bacteria that did not have lp28-1, whereas cp9 was not required for salivary gland infection. This study has pinpointed specific plasmids whose absence is deleterious to infecting nymphal tick guts and salivary glands.
A Novel Method to Mitigate LED Nonlinearity Distortions in Optical Wireless OFDM Systems (2013)

Compensating signal clipping distortions due to light-emitting diode (LED) operational constrains in optical wireless communication (OWC) systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is achieved through the use of iterative signal clipping (ISC) and multiple LED transmitters.
Bandwidth-delay based routing algorithms (2002)

Multimedia applications often require guaranteed quality of service and resource reservation, which has raised a number of challenging technical issues for routing. We consider two new routing algorithms based on bandwidth and delay metrics. The implications of routing metrics on path computation are examined and the rationales behind the selection of bandwidth and delay metrics are discussed. Two new routing algorithms based on bandwidth and delay metrics are presented and some of their important properties are investigated.
Improved Interface in Inversion-Type InP-MISFET by Vapor Etching Technique (1980)

A new fabrication technique for the inversion-type InP-MISFET is proposed in order to improve the serious current drift. The native oxide layer grown on the InP crystal surface was removed by the HCl vapor etching technique (1000 Å in depth) prior to deposition of the gate insulator (CVD-Al2O3). By this technique, the electron trapping centers inside the InP native oxide, the main cause of the drain current drift, were almost completely removed, and improved drain current characteristics could be achieved.
Greif zu! Software für Roboterhände - Beitrag bei Radio KIT am 31.10.2013 (2013)

Software für Roboterhände Die neuesten Forschungsergebnisse der Robotik für den Einsatz klassischer Industrieroboter verfügbar zu machen, das hat sich das Startup ArtiMinds Robotics vorgenommen. Drei KIT Informatiker haben mit ihrer Software, die Roboter-Arme ihre jeweilige Aufgabe intuitiv erlernen lässt, im September den Gründerwettbewerb IKT Innovativ des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie gewonnen.