gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of chemically assisted ion beam etching of GaN using HCl gas (1995)

The use of an Ar ion beam and hydrogen chloride gas in the chemically assisted ion beam etching of GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition is reported. Etch rates were investigated as a function of ion beam energy and substrate temperature. Hydrogen chloride gas was found to produce higher etch rates at lower ion beam energies (300 eV) and lower rates at higher energies (600 eV) in comparison to Cl2. Highly anisotropic etch profiles are demonstrated that indicate that the process may be suitable for the fabrication of laser facets and mirrors. Changes in surface stoichiometry resulting from the etching process were also investigated using Auger electron spectroscopy.
Capacitive coupling as a new form of signal transmission in underwater dielectric elastomer sensing (2018)

Accurately capturing human motion underwater has potential applications in diver health monitoring, human- machine interaction and performance sport coaching. Unfortunately the human body has approximately 200 bones and 600 skeletal muscles giving rise to a broad range of degrees of freedom. To effectively capture this movement with dielectric elastomer sensors a substantial network is required. One often overlooked challenge is the connection between the dielectric elastomer sensor and central electronics. On land this is as simple as wires connecting the two. Underwater however, especially when considering a network of sensors, this becomes a more complicated task. In the proposed method parallel plate capacitors are used to transfer power across the encapsulation layer to the sensor, removing any need for protruding wires or cable glands. With one electrode placed within the encapsulation and the second connected to the sensor, sensors are replaceable even underwater. To maintain sensor performance however, a relatively high capacitance is required. For example if the coupling capacitance is 20x greater than sensor capacitance, sensitivity is reduce by approximately 20%. Whereas if the coupling capacitance is only 10x greater, sensitivity is reduced by 40%. Due to these high capacitance requirements combined with the area and weight restrictions of wearable applications, we have investigated the practicality of implementing capacitive coupling. A capacitive coupling interface has been developed and tested with dielectric elastomer sensors underwater. Analysis of the interface's impact on sensor sensitivity, measurement electronics and overall coupling capacitor size is presented.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Quantitative High-Throughput Screening Using an Organotypic Model Identifies Compounds that Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5 shows the activity of inert compounds and mTOR inhibitors in secondary biological in vivo adhesion/invasion assay.&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid, in toxic mussels from eastern Prince Edward Island (1989)

The causative agent of toxicity in cultured mussels from a localized area of eastern Prince Edward Island has been identified as domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid. The toxin was isolated by a number of different bioassay-directed separation techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography, high-voltage paper electrophoresis, and ion-exchange chromatography, and characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques including ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The isolation and purification methods are described in detail and some new analytical data for domoic acid are reported. Keywords: shellfish toxin, domoic acid, neurotoxin, bioassay-directed analysis.
Complement C3 and IgM Deposition in Placental Ischemia‐induced Hypertension in Rat (2015)

Preeclampsia is characterized by new onset hypertension, decreased placental perfusion and increased complement activation. While our previous work demonstrated the importance of complement activation, particularly activation products C3a and C5a, in placental ischemia-induced hypertension in rat, the site of activation and activation pathway involved are unclear. Hypothesis: Complement activation via classical pathway occurs in placenta coincident with placental ischemia-induced hypertension. On gestation day (GD)14, rats underwent either Sham surgery or clip placement on ovarian arteries and abdominal aorta to reduce uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) resulting in increased blood pressure GD19. The role of classical complement pathway activation in placenta was assessed by determination of IgM and C3 deposition in GD19 placenta. Using anti-rat C3, anti-rat IgM or isotype control antibody followed by Texas-red conjugated secondary antibody, staining in placental frozen sections was graded as strongly positive, weakly positive or negative compared to staining of serial sections with isotype control. Placenta from 5 of 6 RUPP animals stained strongly positive for C3 whereas placenta from only 1 of 6 Sham animals stained weakly positive. Similarly, 5 of 6 RUPP animals demonstrated strongly positive IgM with 3 of 6 Sham animals weakly positive for IgM deposition. Overall these data indicate increased placental deposition of IgM and C3 following placental ischemia, suggesting placental ischemia-induced complement activation occurs via classical pathway. Supported by NIH HL109843, NIH P20GM103418.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromonitromethane. A Versatile Electrophile. (1986)

Abstract The reactions of the title compound (III) with a variety of nucleophiles are investigated and the individual pathways involved are discussed in detail.
Editorial: Similarities and Differences in Gestalt Therapy: What to Make Figural (1999)

Other| January 01 1999 Editorial: Similarities and Differences in Gestalt Therapy: What to Make Figural JOSEPH MELNICK JOSEPH MELNICK Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Gestalt Review (1999) 3 (1): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2307/44394096 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation JOSEPH MELNICK; Editorial: Similarities and Differences in Gestalt Therapy: What to Make Figural. Gestalt Review 1 January 1999; 3 (1): 1–5. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/44394096 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All Scholarly Publishing CollectivePenn State University PressGestalt Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1999 by The Pennsylvania State University. All rights reserved.1999The Pennsylvania State University Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Beampattern Synthesis With Sidelobe Control and Applications (2019)

In this article, we consider the problem of beampattern synthesis with sidelobe control using constant modulus weights. We specifically focus on two applications, i.e., notching and sidelobe-level (SLL) control (SLC). The considered problem is a challenging NP-hard due to the employed constant-modulus weights. Here, we convert the problem into an intermediate form by incorporating auxiliary variables and changing the form of the constant modulus. Then, we decompose the intermediate form into subproblems of single constraint each. Finally, we propose an iterative solution following the alternate direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and Proximal frameworks. The proposed solution solves the original problem by iteratively solving the subproblems in coordinated logical order. Importantly, it combines the convergence speed of ADMM and convergence property of Proximal methods. In addition, it always satisfies the constant modulus constraint. The solution has a significant contribution to mitigate interference using notching and to realize RadCom. Simulation results show that the proposed solution has a better performance in terms of computational speed, notching, and constant SLL than the previous works.
Single-molecule immunoassay and DNA diagnosis (2001)

Many assays relevant to disease diagnosis are based on electrophoresis, where the migration velocity is used for distinguishing molecules of different size or charge. However, standard gel electrophoresis is not only slow but also insensitive. We describe a single-molecule imaging procedure to measure the electrophoretic mobilities of up to 100000 distinct molecules every second. The results correlate well with capillary electrophoresis (CE) experiments and afford confident discrimination between normal (16.5 kbp) and abnormal (6.1 kbp) mitochondrial DNA fragments, or beta-phycoerythrin-labeled digoxigenin (BP-D) and its immunocomplex (anti-D-BP-D). This demonstrates that virtually all electrophoresis diagnostic protocols from slab gels to CE should be adaptable to single-molecule detection. This opens up the prossibility of screening single copies of DNA or proteins within single biological cells for disease markers without performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or other biological amplification.
Tofacitinib in Active Ulcerative Colitis (2012)

taszeri: the sensitivity of the gene-expression classifier was 92%, not 52%. We agree with Dominguez that both negative and positive predictive values are influenced by the prevalence of cancer in a population. It is reasonable to characterize the performance of a diagnostic test with negative likelihood ratios, which is independent of the disease prevalence. However, computation of the negative likelihood ratio is accurate only when all other characteris tics of the cohort are the same — a condition that is rare in the clinical setting. 5 Our valida tion study included many sites and ethnic groups across the United States, including academic and community practices, patients ranging in age from 22 to 85 years, various nodule sizes, and many methods of fine-needle aspiration biopsy. We therefore believe our results are applicable for broad routine use.
Dexamethasone Base Conserves Hearing from Electrode Trauma‐Induced Hearing Loss (2008)

The absence of significant differences in hearing thresholds between the EIT + DXMb group and control ears in response to 0.5 to 4 kHz tones demonstrates that DXMb is as effective as the aqueous form of dexamethasone in conserving hearing against EIT-induced loss.
[Predictive relevance of KRAS mutational status in bone metastatic lung adenocarcinoma treated with bisphosphonate therapy]. (2021)

The therapeutic impact of KRAS mutations remains controversial in bone metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Therefore, our aim was to investigate the effects of KRAS mutational status on overall survival (OS) in these patients according to bisphosphonate therapy (BTx) and radiation therapy (RTx). In total, 134 LADC patients diagnosed with simultaneous bone metastasis were included in this study. The results of the univariate (p=0.008) and multivariate (p=0.004) survival analyses indicated that KRAS mutation is a negative prognostic factor. Both BTx and RTx can increase the OS with a pronounced benefit for patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. Importantly, the concomitant use of BTx and RTx might increase the OS irrespective of KRAS status compared to BTx or RTx alone. In summary, our results might contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches with regards to KRAS mutational status in bone metastatic LADC.
Mechanical Cavopulmonary Assist for the Univentricular Fontan Circulation Using a Novel Folding Propeller Blood Pump (2007)

A blood pump specifically designed to operate in the unique anatomic and physiologic conditions of a cavopulmonary connection has never been developed. Mechanical augmentation of cavopulmonary blood flow in a univentricular circulation would reduce systemic venous pressure, increase preload to the single ventricle, and temporarily reproduce a scenario analogous to the normal two-ventricle circulation. We hypothesize that a folding propeller blood pump would function optimally in this cavopulmonary circulation. The hydraulic performance of a two-bladed propeller prototype was characterized in an experimental flow loop using a blood analog fluid for 0.5-3.5 lpm at rotational speeds of 3,600-4,000 rpm. We also created five distinctive blood pump designs and evaluated their hydraulic performance using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The two-bladed prototype performed well over the design range of 0.5-3.5 lpm, producing physiologic pressure rises of 5-18 mm Hg. Building upon this proof-of-concept testing, the CFD analysis of the five numerical models predicted a physiologic pressure range of 5-40 mm Hg over 0.5-4 lpm for rotational speeds of 3,000-7,000 rpm. These preliminary propeller designs and the two-bladed prototype achieved the expected hydraulic performance. Optimization of these configurations will reduce fluid stress levels, remove regions of recirculation, and improve the hydraulic performance of the folding propeller. This propeller design produces the physiologic pressures and flows that are in the ideal range to mechanically support the cavopulmonary circulation and represents an exciting new therapeutic option for the support of a univentricular Fontan circulation.
Instant Personalization and Temporary Ownership of Handheld Devices (2005)

As we increasingly depend on inexpensive handheld devices at work and in daily living, ensuring the accessibility of those devices and the availability of the personalized services they provide becomes a major challenge. In this paper, we present a system for instant personalization and temporary ownership of mobile devices that addresses these issues. The system enables the user to make the transition from requiring a specific individual device to utilizing any device at hand. This significantly raises the degree of redundancy of devices accessible to the user from one to a potentially unlimited number of devices of a certain type. The system that we have prototypically implemented further provides support for periodic data backup, data recovery, and data confidentiality when devices are lost or stolen.
Characterization of the Quorum Sensing Regulon in <i>Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> (2013)

Bioleaching is the solubilization of metals from ores by microorganisms. This process is more efficient than conventional methods in the metal recovery from low grade ores while decreasing the operating cost and the environmental impact. Among the bioleaching bacteria, the Gram-negative chemolithoautotrophic acidophilic Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans has the ability to adhere to mineral surface and to form biofilm. The genes involved in the production of this biofilm are controlled by a cellular communication system called Quorum Sensing (QS). The QS occurs mainly through the production of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). A functional QS system has been identified in At. ferrooxidans with an acyl synthase (AfeI) and a transcriptional regulator (AfeR). Here, our purpose is to characterize the quorum sensing regulon and particularly the genes involved in biofilm formation in At. ferrooxidans . This has been done by cell adhesion experiments comparing At. ferrooxidans grown with or without Tetrazol, an AHL analogue that activates the cell adhesion to mineral surface. The second step has been to compare the expression of some genes predicted to be involved in the QS regulon in At. ferrooxidans grown in the presence/absence of Tetrazol using real-time PCR. These two different strategies are expected to give insight on the moment at which the At. ferrooxidans QS regulon is switched on. The formation of biofilm could improve the bioleaching operation and therefore the understanding of the QS regulon is of primordial importance.
Hydrothermal carbonization of kitchen waste (2016)

Hydrothermal carbonization is a suitable method for energy and material recovery of wet heterogeneous kitchen waste. The paper examines the ability of the process to produce stable, energy-rich material without harmful by-products from lunch leftovers, raw potatoes, creamy yogurt and raw onions. Results of the batch experiments confirm the hypothesis that waste processing results in homogenous energy-rich (> 24 MJ/kg) and carbon-rich (> 63 % wt.) material. The biochar of creamy yogurt reaches the highest lower-heating value of 31.75 MJ/kg. In terms of energy use and emission concentrations, all samples meet legal requirements for incineration in combustion devices. Phytotoxicity tests prove the harmlessness of the liquid by-product for agricultural purposes.
Effects of I.C.I. 50172 in man during erect exercise. (1968)

Preliminary observations on the drug I.C.I. 50172 (4-(2hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy) acetanilide) have shown it to block isoprenaline-induced tachycardia in the experimental animal (Barrett et al., 1968) and also in normal volunteers (Brick et al., 1968). In this paper we report the haemodynamic effects in man of the intravenous administration of 5 mg. of I.C.I. 50172 during submaximal exercise.
Serum bile acids in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (2016)

<b>Background</b> Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) occurs in 20 - 30 % of patients with cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality. Cholestasis and accumulation of bile acids (BAs) play a major role in chronic liver disease. <b>Aim</b> We aimed to evaluate the clinical role of serum BAs in patients with HPS. <b>Methods</b> Seventy-four patients with cirrhosis were included in this prospective study. Marker for cholestasis as total and individual serum BAs, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were analyzed in patients screened for HPS. Criteria of HPS were fulfilled in 26 patients (35 %). <b>Results</b> In contrast to AP and GGT, bilirubin and serum BAs were significantly elevated in patients with HPS (median total BAs in HPS 83.5 μmol/L, IQR 43.1 - 148.9 vs. no HPS 26.9 μmol/L, 11 - 75.6; p < 0.001). Total BAs correlated with gas exchange by means of PaO2 / AaPO2 (r: -0.28, p < 0.05; r: 0.24, p < 0.05) and portal pressure (r: 0.33, p < 0.05). BAs were associated with HPS independently severity of underlying liver disease (OR: 1.012, 95 % CI: 1.001 - 1.023, p < 0.05). <b>Conclusion</b> BA retention is associated with HPS and gas exchange abnormalities. Future studies should assess whether modulation of BAs signaling may impact the course of HPS.
Characterization of Graphite Oxide Reduced by Thermal and/or Chemical Treatments (2015)

Reduced graphite oxides (rGOs) were prepared by the common graphite oxidation method and the subsequent reductions. The reduction of graphite oxides (GOs) was conducted chemically and/or thermally. To further reduce the as-prepared rGOs, GOs were treated with chemical/thermal reductions or thermal/chemical reductions, in which the reduction sequence was also considered. The structural changes of as-prepared rGOs, depending on reduction methods, were investigated by X-ray diffraction analyses, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we discuss the structural change of the rGOs and their closely related physical and electrical properties, such as thermogravimetry, nitrogen adsorption isotherm, and sheet resistance.
Prior Structures for Time-Frequency Energy Distributions (2007)

We introduce a framework for probabilistic modelling of time-frequency energy distributions based on correlated Gamma and inverse Gamma random variables. One advantage of the approach is that the resulting class of models are conjugate which makes inference easier. Moreover, both positivity and additivity follow naturally in this framework. We illustrate how generic models (applicable to a broad class of signals) and more specialised models can be designed to model harmonicity, spectral continuity and/or changepoints. We show simulation results that illustrate the potential of the approach on a large spectrum of audio processing applications such as denoising, source separation and transcription.
Atypical neural specialization for social percepts in autism spectrum disorder (2011)

The social motivation hypothesis posits that aberrant neural response to human faces in autism is attributable to atypical social development and consequently reduced exposure to faces. The specificity of deficits in neural specialization remains unclear, and alternative theories suggest generalized processing difficulties. The current study contrasted neural specialization for social information versus nonsocial information in 36 individuals with autism and 18 typically developing individuals matched for age, race, sex, handedness, and cognitive ability. Event-related potentials elicited by faces, inverted faces, houses, letters, and pseudoletters were recorded. Groups were compared on an electrophysiological marker of neural specialization (N170), as well as behavioral performance on standardized measures of face recognition and word reading/decoding. Consistent with prior results, individuals with autism displayed slowed face processing and decreased sensitivity to face inversion; however, they showed comparable brain responses to letters, which were associated with behavioral performance in both groups. Results suggest that individuals with autism display atypical neural specialization for social information but intact specialization for nonsocial information. Findings concord with the notion of specific dysfunction in social brain systems rather than nonspecific information-processing difficulties in autism.
Spectroscopic imaging of glutamate C4 turnover in human brain (2000)

One-dimensional spectroscopic imaging of (13)C-4-glutamate turnover is performed in the human brain with a 6 cc nominal voxel resolution at 4T. Data were acquired with an indirect detection approach using a short spin echo single quantum (1)H-(13)C heteronuclear editing method and a 7 cm surface coil with quadrature (13)C decoupling coils. To analyze the data as a function of tissue type, T(1)-based image segmentation through the surface coil was performed to determine the gray and white matter contributions to each voxel. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle rate in gray and white matter was then determined using a two-compartment model with the tissue fractionation derived from the image segmentation. The mean values for the TCA cycle rate for occipital gray and white matter from three volunteers was 0.88 +/- 0.12 and 0.28 +/- 0.13 respectively, in agreement with literature data.
PHS with packet data communications (PHS-PD) protocol architecture (2002)

The Personal Handy-phone System (PHS) started operating in Japan in July 1995 and there were over 4.6 million users as of November 1996; it is now spreading to other countries in Asia and Oceania. We have developed the PHS with packet data communications (PHS-PD). It provides packet-switched data communications services in addition to existing voice services. This paper overviews PHS-PD and proposes the optimum protocol stack. The proposed stack provides high performance when connected to various public/private networks, and easy Internet access from the mobile environment. A PHS-PD experimental system is introduced.
Computer aided design of an overmoded cavity-backed helical antenna array (1993)

The design of an overmoded cavity backed helical array by using the FD-TD (finite difference-time domain) method is described. A resonant cavity designed to operate in the TE770 mode is used to couple power to a 16 element helical array. To reduce the computational requirements several approximations are used to characterise the helix in the 3-D modelling domain.