gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Final data from CALM: A phase II study of Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) oncolytic virus immunotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma. (2015)

9030 Background: CVA21 (CAVATAK) is a novel bio-selected oncolytic and immunotherapeutic strain of Coxsackievirus A21. Intratumoral (i.t) CVA21 injection initiates preferential tumor cell infection, cell lysis and enhancement of a systemic anti-tumor immune response. Presented are the final data of the open-label, multicenter Phase II CALM (CAVATAK in Late stage Melanoma) study. Methods: The CALM study investigated the efficacy and safety of i.t CVA21 in 57 patients with treated or untreated unresectable Stage IIIC-IVM1c melanoma. Pts received up to 3 x 108 TCID50CVA21 i.t on study days 1,3,5, 8 and 22, and then every three weeks for a further 6 injections. Pts displaying immune-related progression-free survival (irPFS) or better at 6 mos were eligible for 9 additional injections. Key eligibility criteria were ≥ 18 yrs old, ECOG PS 0-1, and at least 1 injectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, or nodal melanoma metastasis ≥ 1.0 cm. The primary endpoint was to achieve > 9 of 54 evaluable pts with irPFS at 6 mos. Secondary endpoints included irRECIST overall response rate, durable response rate (continuous response ≥ 6mos), median time to response and 1-year survival. Results: The primary endpoint of the study was achieved with 21 of 57 (38.6%) evaluable pts displaying irPFS at 6 mos with a median irPFS of 4.2 mos. The overall response rate (irRECIST) was 28.1% (16 of 57 evaluable pts) with a ≥ 6 mos durable response rate of 19.3 % (11 of 57 pts). The median time to response was 2.8 mos, and the 1-year survival rate 75.4% (43 of 57 pts). After a median follow-up of ~16.5 mos, median duration of response in responders and median OS for all pts was not reached. The most common AE’s were Grade 1 fatigue, chills, local injection site reactions and fever. No Grade 3 or 4 product-related AE’s were observed. Conclusions: Intralesional CVA21 is a promising novel oncolytic immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of unresectable Stage IIIC-IVM1c melanoma and the CALM study met its primary endpoint of irPFS at 6 mos. CVA21 was well tolerated and exhibited both local and distant durable tumor responses. Further clinical studies using CVA21 in combination with other immunotherapies are underway. Clinical trial information: NCT01227551.
Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus in urban ghettos of twin cities. (2012)

The present study was undertaken to identify the factors that are involved in the spread of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in the low socioeconomic regions of the twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) in Pakistan. For this purpose the presence of HCV RNA was analyzed in 503 blood samples collected at random along with the demographic data. The study revealed an unusually high prevalence of HCV RNA in Rawalpindi (17%) vs. Islamabad (4%). Factors considered to be higher risk for HCV spread did not appear as significant to explain this difference, including blood transfusion, therapeutic injections, dental, hospital, barber, and beauty salon visits, skin piercing, tattooing, and needle stick injuries. These data highlight the urgent need to understand other unknown risk factors operating in poor urban ghettos associated with HCV spread to slow down and/or prevent its epidemic spread worldwide.
High resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy of the elliptical galaxy NGC 5044. Results from the reflection grating spectrometer on-board XMM-Newton (2002)

The results from an X-ray spectroscopic study of the giant elliptical galaxy NGC5044 in the center of a galaxy group are presented. The line dominated soft X-ray spectra (mainly Fe-L and O VIII Ly_a) from the diffuse gas are resolved for the first time in this system with the Reflection Grating Spectrometers on-board XMM-Newton and provide a strong constraint on the temperature structure. The spectra integrated over 2' (\sim 20kpc) in full-width can be described by a two temperature plasma model of 0.7keV and 1.1keV. Most of the latter component is consistent with originating from off-center regions. Compared to the isobaric cooling flow prediction, the observation shows a clear cut-off below a temperature of 0.6 +-0.1keV. Furthermore, the Fe and O abundances within the central 10--20kpc in radius are accurately measured to be 0.55+-0.05 and 0.25+-0.1 times the solar ratios, respectively. The observed cut-off temperature of this galaxy and other central galaxies in galaxy groups and clusters are compared with the scale of the galaxy and properties of the surrounding intra-cluster medium. Based on this comparison, the origin of the lack of predicted cool emission is discussed.
Coding assignment and nucleotide sequence of simian rotavirus SA11 gene segment 10: location of glycosylation sites suggests that the signal peptide is not cleaved (1983)

A cloned DNA copy of simian rotavirus SA11 genomic segment 10 was used to confirm the assignment of the nonstructural glycoprotein NCVP5 to this gene. Determination of the nucleotide sequence for gene 10 indicated that NCVP5 is 175 amino acids in length and has an N-terminal hydrophobic region with the characteristics of a signal sequence for membrane translocation. Unexpectedly, this region was also the location for the only two potential glycosylation sites within the molecule, asparagine residues 8 and 18. The carbohydrates carried by NCVP5 were of the high-mannose type, Man9GlcNAc and Man8GlcNAc, with the mannose 9 species predominating; no complex oligosaccharides were present. If these asparagine residues are the sites for carbohydrate attachment, this implies that cleavage of the putative signal peptide does not occur during the maturation of this nonstructural glycoprotein.
Theory of Markovian access to collision channels (1987)

In this paper, a unified, analytical framework for analysis of Markovian access control protocols in collision channels with a finite number of buffered users is presented. The theory developed is based on: 1) an appropriate state-space modeling of a network, 2) the averaging theory for the slow-in-the-average Markov walks used for the local analysis, and 3) an asymptotic large deviations theory used for the global analysis. Specific new results obtained here are: 1) formulas for the steady-state buffer OCCupancy and the probability of packet rejection, 2) a relationship between the capacity of the users buffers and the steady-state throughput, time delay, and the probability of packet rejection, 3) an asymptotic formula for the saturation period, and 4) a new adaptive protocol, the adaptive TDMA, is constructed, and it is shown that it is superior to the adaptive ALOHA system.
The Computer Engineering Handbook: Electrical Engineering Handbook (2001)

From the Publisher:
With its explosive growth and rapid development, the field of computer engineering has long needed a comprehensive, authoritative handbook. With contributions from the field's top experts, The Computer Engineering Handbook outstandingly fills that need. It covers not only the fundamental issues of computer design and engineering, but provides equal coverage to new and emerging areas, including wireless communications, e-trading, traffic, embedded processors and software/hardware co-design. It furnishes a state-of-the-art review of the field, provides projections and a glimpse into the future of each major subject, and offers a comprehensive list of fundamental references.
Inconsistency of Experimental Amyloidosis in Mice (1972)

Injections of azocasein, complete Freund’s adjuvant, endotoxin or phytohemagglutinin did not result in amyloidosis in experimental mice of many different strains. Casein proved to be quite amyloidogenic even for young mice. Injection of phytohemagglutinin combined with endotoxin or cyclophosphamide induced amyloidosis in aging mice. The results indicate that in the etiology of amyloidosis unknown and at present uncontrollable factors are operative. Because this malady is of great clinical importance it is worthwhile to develop entirely reproducible models. Unfortunately none are as yet available and further studies seem indicated.
Functional analysis of Csk in signal transduction through the B-cell antigen receptor. (1994)

In B cells, two classes of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), the Src family of PTKs (Lyn, Fyn, Lck, and Blk) and non-Src family of PTKs (Syk), are known to be involved in signal transduction induced by the stimulation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR). Previous studies using Lyn-negative chicken B-cell clones revealed that Lyn is necessary for transduction of signals through the BCR. The kinase activity of the Src family of PTKs is negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the C-terminal tyrosine residue, and the PTK Csk has been demonstrated to phosphorylate this C-terminal residue of the Src family of PTKs. To investigate the role of Csk in BCR signaling, Csk-negative chicken B-cell clones were generated. In these Csk-negative cells, Lyn became constitutively active and highly phosphorylated at the autophosphorylation site, indicating that Csk is necessary to sustain Lyn in an inactive state. Since the C-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of Lyn is barely detectable in the unstimulated, wild-type B cells, our data suggest that the activities of Csk and a certain protein tyrosine phosphatase(s) are balanced to maintain Lyn at a hypophosphorylated and inactive state. Moreover, we show that the kinase activity of Syk was also constitutively activated in Csk-negative cells. The degree of activation of both the Lyn and Syk kinases in Csk-negative cells was comparable to that observed in wild-type cells after BCR stimulation. However, BCR stimulation was still necessary in Csk-negative cells to elicit tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, as well as calcium mobilization and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate generation. These results suggest that not only activation of the Lyn and Syk kinases but also additional signals induced by the cross-linking of the BCR are required for full transduction of BCR signaling.
Mimicry peptides of human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide, the immunodominant T-cell epitope of primary biliary cirrhosis (2000)

The human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide (GDLLAEIETDKATI) is an immunodominant autoreactive T-cell epitope in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), restricted by HLA DRB4*0101. We have previously reported that the ExDK sequence is essential for recognition of this epitope and identified 1 mimicry peptide, Escherichia coli PDC-E2 peptide (EQSLITVEGDKASM), which can activate human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide-reactive T-cell clones. In the present study, to further investigate mimicry peptides possibly involved in PBC, we generated 13 different T-cell clones reactive to the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide following repeated in vitro stimulation of peripheral T lymphocytes with the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide (native peptide) and tested for the reactivity of these T-cell clones to 30 different mimicry peptides derived from various self- and nonself proteins that have an ExDK-sequence. We found 7 mimicry peptides derived from microbial proteins that can activate at least 1 of these T-cell clones; 7 of 7 T-cell clones from patients with PBC and 2 of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were activated by at least 1 to 6 different mimicry peptides. Two of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were activated by specific mimicry peptides more strongly than by the native peptide, and 2 of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were not activated by any mimicry peptides tested. Thus, the pattern and degree of activation by mimicry peptides differed in each T-cell clone, indicating the presence of a diverse spectrum of autoreactive T cells that are reactive to a single minimal epitope of the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide.
Step-by-step algorithm for the simulation of faulted bearings in non-stationary conditions (2016)

This paper focuses on the simulation of expected vibration signal of a faulted bearing. The importance of a&#13;\nproper simulation data in the early steps of condition monitoring is well-known. Nowadays the availability of&#13;\na real test-bench is not so common, and this is proven by the number of scientific papers validated on few online&#13;\navailable data centres (i.e. the CaseWestern University). As a consequence, the early validation of a new&#13;\ndiagnostic technique on a proper simulated signal is crucial, in order to provide a feedback to the researcher&#13;\nand increasing the chances of getting a positive result in the real case. While dozens of comprehensive models&#13;\nof ball bearing have proposed in literature so far, the complexity of these models accordingly increased. As&#13;\nsupposed, the scientific papers just outline the theoretical foundations of assumptions and features of the&#13;\nmodel, leaving the reader the task of converting all in lines of code, i.e. leaving several degrees of freedom to&#13;\nthe programmer. The aim of this paper is to detail step-by-step an analytical model of faulted bearing that the&#13;\nreader could freely and immediately use to simulate different faults and different operating conditions. This&#13;\nproject has been developed under a Creative Commons licence (Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International) and&#13;\nthe vision of the project is a set of tools accepted by the community of researchers on condition monitoring,&#13;\nfor the preliminary validation of new diagnostics techniques. The tool proposed in this paper is focused on&#13;\nball bearing, and it is based on well-known model published by Antoni in 2007. The features available are&#13;\nthe following: selection of the location of the fault (e.g. outer ring, inner ring, etc...), stage of the fault (e.g.&#13;\npunctual fault, distributed fault, etc...), cyclostationarity of the signal, random contributions, deterministic&#13;\ncontributions, effects of resonances in the machine and working conditions (stationary and non-stationary).&#13;\nThe script is provided for the open-source Octave environment. The output signal is finally analysed to prove&#13;\nthe expected features.
Molecular detection of the (2;5) translocation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (1995)

The t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation was initially identified in cases of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) that expressed the Ki-1 (CD30) antigen. We have recently cloned this translocation and shown it to encode a chimeric product consisting of the N-terminal portion of a nonribosomal nucleolar phosphoprotein, nucleophosmin (NPM), from chromosome 5, fused to the kinase domain of a novel transmembrane tyrosine-specific protein kinase, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), from chromosome 2. To better define the spectrum of lymphomas that contain this translocation, we have analyzed 70 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) for expression of the t(2;5)-derived NPM/ALK chimeric message by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using a previously described set of oligonucleotide primers, NPM/ALK chimeric transcripts were detected in 21 of 22 cases that contained the t(2;5) by cytogenetic analysis and in 10 of 48 cases that either lacked evidence of the t(2;5) or had unsuccessful cytogenetics. In all but 1 case, the NPM/ALK PCR products were of identical size and sequence, suggesting that the genomic chromosome breaks are clustered in a single intron in both NPM and ALK. The NPM/ALK-expressing cases were not confined to NHLs with anaplastic morphology and included 15 ALCLs, 6 immunoblastic lymphomas, and 10 diffuse large-cell lymphomas. Moreover, only slightly greater than half of the cases with anaplastic morphology and 59% of CD30-expressing cases were NPM/ALK positive. Thus, neither anaplastic morphology nor the expression of CD30 accurately predicted the presence of this molecular genetic subtype of lymphoma.
Secure UHF Tags with Strong Cryptography - Development of ISO/IEC 18000-63 Compatible Secure RFID Tags and Presentation of First Results (2013)

This paper presents a concept for an UHF tag supporting cryptographically strong authentication which is based on the Rabin-Montgomery public key cryptosystem in accordance with the framework of ISO/IEC 29167-1. It uses an easily computable long integer square operation for the public key encryption of a tag ID record. Only a legitimate interrogator who is in possession of the private key can decrypt this message and retrieve the authentic tag ID. A working prototype based on a standard FPGA is shown which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed cryptographic function.
A simplistic printed circuit board fabrication process for course projects (2000)

A low-cost method of fabricating a printed circuit board (PCB) is presented. The process is favorable over conventional PCB fabrication due to fewer processing steps and lower capital investment. A laser printer is used to print a circuit layout onto ink-jet paper or specialized transfer paper (i.e., PnP-Blue from Technics, Inc.). The image is then heat transferred to a copper clad board using a standard household clothes iron. The transferred toner acts as an etch resist in a ferric chloride (FeCl/sub 3/) or other etchant bath, such as ammonium persulfate. Using this method, it is possible to fabricate PCBs with state-of-the art feature sizes as small as 4 mils using a 300 DPI laser printer. A higher resolution printer is expected to give finer resolutions. Tradeoffs between the ink-jet paper and the PnP-Blue paper is analyzed and discussed. This approach has been used for graduate-level courses including a VHDL class project to implement an ALU using a 44-pin CPLD and a microwave class project to implement a microstrip matching network for a high-gain, 875 MHz transistor. Over 200 students have successfully processed PCBs using this technique.
Impaired Inflammatory Responses in the Reverse Arthus Reaction Through Genetic Deletion of the C5a Receptor (1997)

We recently demonstrated that gene-targeted disruption of the C5a anaphylatoxin receptor prevented lung injury in immune complex-mediated inflammation. In this study, we compare the effect of C5aR deficiency in immune complex-induced inflammation in the peritoneal cavity and skin with the results derived from our immune complex alveolitis model. C5aR- deficient mice exhibit decreased migration of neutrophils and decreased levels of TNF-alpha and interleukin 6 in the peritoneal reverse passive Arthus reaction compared to their wild-type littermates. In the reverse passive Arthus reaction in the skin the C5aR was also required for the full expression of neutrophil influx and edema formation; C5aR-deficient mice showed reduced neutrophil migration and microvascular permeability changes. In contrast to our studies in immune complex-induced lung inflammation, C5aR deficiency does not completely prevent injury in the peritoneal cavity and skin. These data indicate a dominant role for the C5aR and its ligand in the reverse passive Arthus reaction in the lung and a synergistic role together with other inflammatory mediators in immune complex-mediated peritonitis and skin injury.
The beta3-receptor agonist ICI-D7114 is not as efficient on reinduction of UCP gene expression in ovine species as in smaller species (1992)

* URD, INRA, 2 place Viala, Montpellier Diffusion du document : URD, INRA, 2 place Viala, Montpellier
Bimetal coated optical fiber sensors based on surface plasmon resonance induced change in birefringence and intensity (2014)

We present a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based multimode fiber sensor with non-golden bimetallic coating. Our detection scheme used, which is capable of measuring the combined effects of SPR-induced birefringence and intensity changes, supported the minimum resolvable refractive index (RI) of 5.8 × 10(-6) RIU with the operating RI range of 0.05 to be experimentally obtained at a single wavelength (632.8 nm) without non-spectroscopic techniques. The asymmetric profile of the thickness of the bimetal coating on the fiber core together with the inherent range of incidence angle for multimode propagation also contributed to the wide operating range. The SPR fiber device with the detection scheme demonstrated will be likely to be developed as a real-time label-free and highly sensitive diagnostic device of a wide operating range for biomedical and biochemical applications in a portable format.
Satellite Positioning and Navigation for Offshore Applications: Past, Present, and Future (1975)

INTRODUCTION Since 1968 positioning and navigation via satellite has been available for the offshore community by means of the TRANSIT, or Navy Navigation Satellite System (NNSS) series of artificial earth satellites. As experience with the NNSS has grown and as techniques for processing the signals have improved offshore users have become more confident in the satellite system's ability to provide relatively high positioning accuracy, at least on a periodic basis. At this point, however, it is logical to ask what lies ahead since, for example, many users may be conducting long-range planning efforts involving deep water, far-from-shore projects. The purpose of this report is to briefly examine the overall concepts of positioning via satellite and to summarize progress to date, including a look at some recent advances in the state-of-the-art in NNSS navigation. Then a brief look into the future at the forthcoming Global Positioning System (GPS) which is currently under active development by a joint U.S. military services group, and which is scheduled for full development by the late 1980's. BASIC SATELLITE NAVIGATION CONCEPTS Positioning via satellite is an extension of techniques used in almost all commonly-used terrestrial radiolocation systems. The principle difference is of course' that the "transmitter" is continuously moving along an orbital path which is largely predictable by means of certain mathematical equations. As long as the user can obtain the satellite position at every instant of measurement, then he can apply more or less standard arithmetic techniques to convert the measurements into useful positioning information. This is illustrated in Fig. 2-1 which shows a single satellite ('S') in polar orbit and a user 'u' that makes a measurement 'z' to the satellite. For electromagnetic systems, the measurement 'z' can be proportional to either doppler shift (as is the case with the NNSS) or range itself (as is the case with the upcoming GPS). This proportion ability derives from the fact that electromagnetic waves propagate with a relatively fixed velocity through the atmosphere, so that motion of the satellite (plus user) results in a changing propagation time (or a changing phase shift for satellite-transmitted signals of constant frequency). The important requirement is that the measurement can be accurately modeled (or "predicted") mathematically by means of a relationship involving both the satellite and user positions. Then, given a series of measurements (either simultaneous or in time sequence and knowledge of the satellite position (usually transmitted from the satellite) it is a relatively straightforward matter to infer the user position using one of a variety of techniques, some of which are discussed later in this report.
Biostatistics in Africa 2019: A Special Issue of The International Journal of Biostatistics (2019)

Le savoir est plus prcieux que l'ambre pur et le corail blanc. Il vaut mieux que l'or sans mlange et le diamant sans altration. Pourquoi? Parce que le savoir est l'unique fortune que l'on peut entirement donner sans en rien la diminuer.