gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Application of Targeting Cancer through Histone Acetylation and Hypomethylation (2004)

Methods of gene inactivation include genetic events such as mutations or deletions. Epigenetic changes, heritable traits that are mediated by changes in DNA other than nucleotide sequences, play an important role in gene expression. Two epigenetic events that have been associated with transcriptional silencing include methylation of CpG islands located in gene promoter regions of cancer cells and changes in chromatin conformation involving histone acetylation. Recent evidence demonstrates that these processes form layers of epigenetic silencing. Reversal of these epigenetic processes and up-regulation of genes important to prevent or reverse the malignant phenotype has therefore become a new therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
DIEL CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND CELLULAR CARBON AND NITROGEN IN CHATTONELLA ANTIQUA (RAPHIDOPHYCEAE)1 (1988)

ABSTRACT An axenic clonal culture of Chattonella antiqua (Hada) Ono was grown on a 12: 12 h LD cycle in a laboratory culture tank containing 1 m 3 of f/2 medium. Diel changes in mean cell volume, cellular carbon (carbon content per cell), C/N ratio, cellular Chl a, Chl a/c ratio and carotenoid composition were observed. Mean cell volume and cellular C, N and pigments increased during the light period as a result of photosynthesis and decreased with increase of cell concentration by phased cell division during the dark period. These changes indicated that carbon assimilation and pigment synthesis occurred together during the light period. However, the patterns of increase were not the same since different diel patterns were also found in the ratios of C/N and chl a/c. Photosynthetic pigments were analyzed by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with ion‐pairing solution. This analysis showed that the dominant carotenoids in C. antiqua were fucoxanthin, violaxanthin and β‐carotene. Diel patterns of Chls a and c were similar to that of fucoxanthin but different from those of violaxanthin and β‐carotene. The cellular contents of Chl a, fucoxanthin and carbon increased in a parallel manner during the light period. On the other hand, the increase of violaxanthin was restricted to only a few hours at the beginning of the light period during cell division cycles.
Synthesis and conformational properties of calix[6]arenes bridged on the lower rim: self-anchored rotaxanes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and conformational properties of calix[6]arenes bridged on the lower rim: self-anchored rotaxanesSuseela Kanamathareddy and C. David GutscheCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 15, 6572–6579Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00068a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views510Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (913 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the myogenin promoter reveals an indirect pathway for positive autoregulation mediated by the muscle-specific enhancer factor MEF-2. (1992)

Transcriptional cascades that specify cell fate have been well described in invertebrates. In mammalian development, however, gene hierarchies involved in determination of cell lineage are not understood. With the recent cloning of the MyoD family of myogenic regulatory factors, a model system has become available with which to study the dynamics of muscle determination in mammalian development. Myogenin, along with other members of the MyoD gene family, possesses the apparent ability to redirect nonmuscle cells into the myogenic lineage. This ability appears to be due to the direct activation of an array of subordinate or downstream genes which are responsible for formation and function of the muscle contractile apparatus. Myogenin-directed transcription has been shown to occur through interaction with a DNA consensus sequence known as an E box (CANNTG) present in the control regions of numerous downstream genes. In addition to activating the transcription of subordinate genes, members of the MyoD family positively regulate their own expression and cross-activate one another's expression. These autoregulatory interactions have been suggested as a mechanism for induction and maintenance of the myogenic phenotype, but the molecular details of the autoregulatory circuits are undefined. Here we show that the myogenin promoter contains a binding site for the myocyte-specific enhancer-binding factor, MEF-2, which can function as an intermediary of myogenin autoactivation. Since MEF-2 can be induced by myogenin, these results suggest that myogenin and MEF-2 participate in a transcriptional cascade in which MEF-2, once induced by myogenin, acts to amplify and maintain the myogenic phenotype by acting as a positive regulator of myogenin expression.
Interleukin 5 Is Protective during Sepsis in an Eosinophil-Independent Manner (2012)

Taken together, these data support a novel role for IL-5 on noneosinophilic myeloid populations, and suggest treatment with IL-5 may be a viable therapy for sepsis.
THz Pulses Stimulate the Tail Segment Regeneration of the Earthworm Eisenia Andrei (2019)

Time course of the segment regeneration of earthworms is influenced by internal (neurotransmitters, hormones) and external factors (temperature, radiation). Applying standard experimental protocol and conditions it is possible to investigate the effect of distinct factors on segment regeneration ability of worms as final results. After anaesthesia 25 tail segments were removed from the body and operated animals were exposed to THz pulsed radiation (pulse energy 5 μJ, pulse duration 2 ps, mean frequency 0.5 THz, repetition rate 1000 Hz, exposure duration 5 min, spot size X mm), green light (515 nm wavelength, 5 μJ energies) twice on three consecutive days (treated groups, n: 10) or did not radiated (control group, n: 10). For segment counting and histological observation worms were sacrificed on the 14 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> postoperative day.
Spam software evaluation, training, and support (2004)

This paper explains two projects dealing with spam recently completed at Iowa State University (ISU). The first project was undertaken by a team composed of members of the campus IT community to test, evaluate, and recommend several desktop anti-spam software products. The second project was initiated to develop a website to educate users how to cope with and obtain support and training regarding spam. Spam Education Day, a festival featuring a Hormel SPAM™ luncheon and an effigial junk mail toss, was used to promote the new website and services during the university's annual VEISHEA celebration to help rally the ISU community to fight back and reclaim the email inbox.
Epitope Diversity of N-Glycans from Bovine Peripheral Myelin Glycoprotein P0 Revealed by Mass Spectrometry and Nano Probe Magic Angle Spinning 1H NMR Spectroscopy (2001)

The carbohydrate structures present on the glycoproteins in the central and peripheral nerve systems are essential in many cell adhesion processes. The P0 glycoprotein, expressed by myelinating Schwann cells, plays an important role during the formation and maintenance of myelin, and it is the most abundant constituent of myelin. Using monoclonal antibodies, the homophilic binding of the P0 glycoprotein was shown to be mediated via the human natural keller cell (HNK)-1 epitope (3-O-SO(3)H-GlcUA(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc) present on the N-glycans. We recently described the structure of the N-glycan carrying the HNK-1 epitope, present on bovine peripheral myelin P0 (Voshol, H., van Zuylen, C. W. E. M., Orberger, G., Vliegenthart, J. F. G., and Schachner, M. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22957-22960). In this study, we report on the structural characterization of the detectable glycoforms, present on the single N-glycosylation site, using state-of-the-art NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. Even though all structures belong to the hybrid- or biantennary complex-type structures, the variety of epitopes is remarkable. In addition to the 3-O-sulfate present on the HNK-1-carrying structures, most of the glycans contain a 6-O-sulfated N-acetylglucosamine residue. This indicates the activity of a 6-O-sulfo-GlcNAc-transferase, which has not been described before in peripheral nervous tissue. The presence of the disialo-, galactosyl-, and 6-O-sulfosialyl-Lewis X epitopes provides evidence for glycosyltransferase activities not detected until now. The finding of such an epitope diversity triggers questions related to their function and whether events, previously attributed merely to the HNK-1 epitope, could be mediated by the structures described here.
Detecting abandoned citrus crops using Sentinel-2 time series. A case study in the Comunitat Valenciana region (Spain) (2023)

Agricultural land abandonment (ALA) is becoming a growing phenomenon around the world that needs to be monitored and quantified. A massive abandonment of citrus orchards has been experienced in the last years in the Comunitat Valenciana (CV) region (Spain) driven by different socio-economic factors. Therefore, developing time and cost-efficient methods for monitoring ALA is a priority. Citrus are a perennial crop trees which make orchards have low spectral variation during the year. In the CV region, they are planted in relatively small parcels, thus creating a highly fragmented and heterogeneous landscape. This study proposes a machine learning-based classification framework that uses annual time series of spectral indices extracted from Sentinel-2 images to identify crop status at parcel level. The method is based on features extracted from the reconstructed OSAVI and NDMI time series used to train a Random Forest classifier. Then, a parcel-based classification is performed using the parcel boundaries and the probabilities of belonging to each category for the full pixels inside the boundaries. The research assessed the potential to identify three statuses of crops (non-productive, productive, and abandoned). Results on three different temporal and spatial datasets provided an overall accuracy ranging from 89 to 92 %, demonstrating the importance of multi-temporal data to identify the abandonment of perennial crops. Furthermore, we studied the ability of the model to be spatially and temporally transferred. Limitations to recall the abandoned parcels when using models trained in other areas or time periods are exposed, opening the way to model improvements.
Study on Millimeter Wave Mixers. (1977)

For years waveguide-type mixers were the only ones available at frequencies above 18 GHz. However, more recently design techniques that were previously considered only suitable at microwave frequencies have been extended to millimeterwave frequencies. These developments can be separated into two groups. True balanced mixers in waveguide have been built using packaged diodes combined with coaxial IF circuits. These mixers differ from conventional balanced mixers in that they do not employ a separate hybrid such as a short-slot hybrid or a magic tee. Rather the diodes are arranged in a bridge circuit thus leading to a compact mixer with excellent LO-RF isolation. This type of mixer is capable of covering entire waveguide bands and high IF frequencies. The second development of importance is the emergence of mixers using integrated circuit techniques at millimeter-wave frequencies. These developments have shown that balanced and image reject mixers are feasible using microstrip on sapphire, quartz and Duroid up to and beyond 60 GHz.
Temporal Logic in Natural Language Processing (2013)

In this paper, we clarify some linguistic concepts, studying the different levels of representation and processing of linguistic utterances. We also illustrated with some work the different types of existing temporal inferences; we noted that this work is based on improved detection of existing temporal relations between events and temporal expressions.
Are island plant communities more invaded than their mainland counterparts? (2010)

Questions: Are island vegetation communities more invaded than their mainland counterparts? Is this pattern consistent among community types? Location: The coastal provinces of Catalonia and the para-oceanic Balearic Islands, both in NE Spain. These islands were connected to the continent more than 5.35 million years ago and are now located <200 km from the coast. Methods: We compiled a database of almost 3000 phytosociological relevés from the Balearic Islands and Catalonia and compared the level of invasion by alien plants in island versus mainland communities. Twenty distinct plant community types were compared between island and mainland counterparts. Results: The percentage of plots with alien species, number, percentage and cover percentage of alien species per plot was greater in Catalonia than in the Balearic Islands in most communities. Overall, across communities, more alien species were found in the mainland (53) compared to the islands (only nine). Despite these differences, patterns of the level of invasion in communities were highly consistent between the islands and mainland. The most invaded communities were ruderal and riparian. Main conclusion: Our results indicate that para-oceanic island communities such as the Balearic Islands are less invaded than their mainland counterparts. This difference reflects a smaller regional alien species pool in the Balearic Islands than in the adjacent mainland, probably due to differences in landscape heterogeneity and propagule pressure.
The SRG rat, a Sprague-Dawley Rag2/Il2rg double-knockout validated for human tumor oncology studies (2020)

We have created the immunodeficient SRG rat, a Sprague-Dawley Rag2/Il2rg double knockout that lacks mature B cells, T cells, and circulating NK cells. This model has been tested and validated for use in oncology (SRG OncoRat®). The SRG rat demonstrates efficient tumor take rates and growth kinetics with different human cancer cell lines and PDXs. Although multiple immunodeficient rodent strains are available, some important human cancer cell lines exhibit poor tumor growth and high variability in those models. The VCaP prostate cancer model is one such cell line that engrafts unreliably and grows irregularly in existing models but displays over 90% engraftment rate in the SRG rat with uniform growth kinetics. Since rats can support much larger tumors than mice, the SRG rat is an attractive host for PDX establishment. Surgically resected NSCLC tissue from nine patients were implanted in SRG rats, seven of which engrafted and grew for an overall success rate of 78%. These developed into a large tumor volume, over 20,000 mm3 in the first passage, which would provide an ample source of tissue for characterization and/or subsequent passage into NSG mice for drug efficacy studies. Molecular characterization and histological analyses were performed for three PDX lines and showed high concordance between passages 1, 2 and 3 (P1, P2, P3), and the original patient sample. Our data suggest the SRG OncoRat is a valuable tool for establishing PDX banks and thus serves as an alternative to current PDX mouse models hindered by low engraftment rates, slow tumor growth kinetics, and multiple passages to develop adequate tissue banks.
Clinical use of tumor markers in pancreatic carcinoma (1995)

Abstract There is no ideal tumor marker for pancreatic carcinoma. Most of the tumor‐associated antigens in this disease are cell surface mutins, such as CA19‐9, TAG‐72, CA242, CA50, CA195, and CA494. CA19‐9 is the most promising marker. It is used for clinical and pathological diagnosis, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy. The other mucin antigens are currently being investigated for clinical practice. CA242 shows promise as a marker of tumor load and CA494 may play a role in immunotherapy. Oncofetal antigens such as CEA are not specific for pancreatic carcinoma and have a limited use in this disease. Malignancies associated with the endocrine pancreas secrete hormonal products which can be used as tumor markers. Fluid aspirated from pancreatic cysts can also be evaluated. Tumor antigens in aspirated fluid from pancreatic cysts should be interpreted with caution since multi‐locu‐lated cysts do not have a uniform expression of these markers. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reclamaciones frente a las actuaciones de las sociedades mercantiles de capital íntegramente municipal: jurisdicción competente y legitimación de los concejales para su impugnación (2014)

Las sociedades mercantiles de capital íntegramente municipal constituyen instrumentos en manos de los poderes locales para el desarrollo de actividades económicas y para la prestación de servicios. Su naturaleza las separa, en determinados aspectos, del régimen jurídico de las sociedades privadas. Dentro de esas particularidades destaca en primer lugar el control de sus decisiones que va a ser compartido por distintos órdenes jurisdiccionales, en segundo la peculiar posición de los concejales para recurrir las actuaciones societarias.
Summary of high field diffusion MRI and microscopy data demonstrate microstructural aberration in chronic mild stress rat brain (2016)

This data article describes a large, high resolution diffusion MRI data set from fixed rat brain acquired at high field strength. The rat brain samples consist of 21 adult rat brain hemispheres from animals exposed to chronic mild stress (anhedonic and resilient) and controls. Histology from amygdala of the same brain hemispheres is also included with three different stains: DiI and Hoechst stained microscopic images (confocal microscopy) and ALDH1L1 antibody based immunohistochemistry. These stains may be used to evaluate neurite density (DiI), nuclear density (Hoechst) and astrocytic density (ALDH1L1). This combination of high field diffusion data and high resolution images from microscopy enables comparison of microstructural parameters derived from diffusion MRI to histological microstructure. The data provided here is used in the article (Jespersen, 2016) [1].
25th Anniversary Article: Recent Advances in n‐Type and Ambipolar Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (2013)

The advantages of organic field-effect transistors, such as low cost, mechanical flexibility and large-area fabrication, make them potentially useful for electronic applications such as flexible switching backplanes for video displays, radio frequency identifications and so on. A large amount of molecules were designed and synthesized for electron transporting (n-type) and ambipolar organic semiconductors with improved performance and stability. In this review, we focus on the advances in performance and molecular design of n-type and ambipolar semiconductors reported in the past few years.
Supplementary Table S3 from Metabolomic, DNA Methylomic, and Transcriptomic Profiling of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Effects on LPS-Exposed Lung Epithelial Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S3 shows the distribution of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the promoter region in control vs. LPS and LPS vs. SAHA comparisons.&lt;/p&gt;
Reliability assessment of a thin (flex) BGA using a polyimide tape substrate (2003)

Wireless communication customers require thinner, smaller footprint packaging to allow for reduction in phone and paging product sizes. Currently, the thin MAP (mold array process) BGA package is in production which converted from glob-top BGA to reduce the overall package profile from 1.60 to 1.30 mm. MAP BGA limitations are substrate routing on finer geometries or more dense designs and meeting overall package thickness requirement (1.1 mm max. before collapse). In addition, major issues were experienced with the manufacturing of the thin MAP BGA due to substrate warpage. The fleXBGA/sup TM/ package is a thin package that uses polyimide tape as a substrate to reduce the overall package profile to 1.1 mm. This paper reviews results from the evaluation of this new package as compared to the thin MAP BGA. This report discusses how substrate processing issues were addressed in thin MAP BGA and on the flex BGA. The critical considerations for using polyimide tape which is /spl les/0.1 mm thick are solder joint reliability, moisture effects (preconditioning, vapor phase reflow, autoclave and temperature cycling), coplanarity, and warpage performance when compared to BT resin substrates. The advantages and disadvantages of using a polyimide tape substrate are included. The report discusses manufacturability and reliability issues with this package. Also included is a discussion comparing this wire-bond solution to a flip-chip version of the package. A comparison is made to when the wire-bond solution is more feasible than flip-chip. The discussion includes substrate design issues that must be addressed as compared to required BGA pin-out.
Calculation of Molecular Weight Distributions in Non-Linear Free-Radical Polymerization Using the Numerical Fractionation Technique (2002)

Mathematical Modeling of non-linear polymerization systems subject to gel formation is a challenging endeavor. At the gel point, the second and higher molecular weight moments diverge to infinity making it impossible to obtain the molecular weight distribution (MWD). The numerical fractionation (NF) technique utilizes a refinement of the method of moments to model non-linear polymerization systems that form gel. Since the method of moments yields results in terms of average quantities, some information is lost when reconstructing the MWD using NF. As a consequence, a broad shoulder appears at the high chain length end of the MWD tail. This study demonstrates that the validity of the gamma distribution deteriorates for the broader branched polymer generations and evaluates the performance of various alternative model distributions. Proper selection of the model distribution enhances the NF-reconstructed MWD.