gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship between p21 expression and mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in normal and malignant ovarian epithelial cells. (1996)

In many cell types, p53-mediated growth inhibition is dependent on induction of p21, which is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases that are required for cell cycle progression. Failure of mutant p53 proteins to transactivate p21 may lead to uncontrolled proliferation. Because many ovarian cancers have mutations in the p53 gene, we examined p21 levels in normal and malignant ovarian epithelial cells to determine whether p21 expression is dependent on wild-type p53. Normal ovarian epithelial cells and two ovarian cancer cell lines with wild-type p53 expressed readily detectable levels of p21, whereas in p53 null and mutant cell lines, expression of p21 was diminished strikingly. A correlation between the status of the p53 gene and p21 expression also was noted in 23 primary epithelial ovarian cancers. Normal levels of p21 RNA were seen in 4/7 (57%) cancers with wild-type p53, whereas 14/16 (88%) cancers with mutant p53 had reduced p21 expression (P < 0.05). In addition, we found that lambda-irradiation of normal and malignant ovarian epithelial cells with wild-type, but not mutant, p53 resulted in induction of p21. These data are suggestive that induction of p21 is a feature of p53-mediated growth inhibition in normal ovarian epithelial cells. Conversely, mutation of the p53 gene in ovarian cancers usually is associated with decreased p21 expression. The lack of an absolute correlation between p21 expression and the status of the p53 gene in ovarian cancers is consistent with other studies that have suggested that p21 may also be regulated by p53-independent pathways.
Locating Al in the DABCO catalyst before and after Al extraction (1990)

The reaction rate and efficiency of piperazine to 1,4-diazabicyclo-octane (DABCO) depends on the Si/Al ratio of the MFI topology catalysts. The Al was shown to be the active site, however, in the Si/Al range of 30-200 the reaction rate increases as the Si/Al ratio increases. The objective of this work was to determine the location and concentration of Al to explain this inverse relationship of Al content with reaction rate. Two silicalite catalysts in the form of 1/16 inch SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 bonded extrudates were examined: catalyst A with a Si/Al of 83; and catalyst B, the acid/phosphate Al extracted form of catalyst A, with a Si/Al of 175. Five extrudates from each catalyst were fractured in the transverse direction and particles were obtained from the fracture surfaces near the center of the extrudate diameter. Particles were also obtained from the outside surfaces of five extrudates.
A single arm, open-label multicenter phase II trial of everolimus in patients with relapsed/refractory germ cell cancer (RADIT). (2014)

e15535 Background: Patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory metastatic germ cell cancer (GCC) after multiple lines of standard chemotherapy have a very poor prognosis. The mTOR inhibitor everolimus has been approved for the treatment of patients with renal cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, or breast cancer, and was assessed as a treatment option for GCC pts. Methods: GCC pts with disease progression or relapse after high-dose chemotherapy and/or at least two lines of cisplatin-based chemotherapy were eligible for study inclusion. In addition, prior combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine, oxaliplatin +/- paclitaxel was mandatory. The primary trial endpoint was treatment efficacy, defined as ≥25% of pts progression-free at 12 weeks. Twenty-five evaluable pts were needed, assuming a 20% two-sided type 1 error and 95 % power to reject the null hypothesis of 5% of patients progression-free after 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints were objective response rate, disease control rate (SD + PR + CR), progression-free survival, overall survival, and the safety profile of everolimus. Results: Twenty-five patients from 6 German study centers were treated with everolimus 10 mg orally daily until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study discontinuation for other reasons between December 2010 and January 2014, when the trial was closed for recruitment. No unexpected serious safety events were observed requiring premature termination of the trial. At a pre-planned interim analysis after inclusion of 13 pts, predefined efficacy criteria for study continuation were met. Efficacy and safety analyses are ongoing. Conclusions: Efficacy of everolimus in heavily pretreated GCC pts was sufficient to justify continuation of the trial in the second stage. Accrual was concluded in January 2014, and primary and secondary endpoint analyses are ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT01242631.
High Power Laser-Sustained Plasma Lightsources for KLA-Tencor Broadband Inspection Tools (2015)

For the last 8 years, the brightness of UV lightsources in KT Broadband inspection tools increased by orders of magnitude due to advances in LSP technology. Challenges of LSP in high-power regime are discussed here.
Improved performances of AlGaAs-GaAs N pn Poptical thyristor using bottom mirror layers (2000)

Significantly improved performances are reported for a fully depleted NpnP optical thyristor with bottom mirror layers. This device shows 20 and 45% enhancement in terms of switching voltage and spontaneous emission efficiency, respectively.
ON THE LOW-FREQUENCY DIELECTRIC DISPERSION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION1 (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTON THE LOW-FREQUENCY DIELECTRIC DISPERSION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION1H. P. Schwan, G. Schwarz, J. Maczuk, and H. PaulyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 12, 2626–2635Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100818a066https://doi.org/10.1021/j100818a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1067Altmetric-Citations270LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Adaptive conductance filtering for spatially varying noise in PET images (2006)

PET images that have been reconstructed with unregularized algorithms are commonly smoothed with linear Gaussian filters to control noise. Since these filters are spatially invariant, they degrade feature contrast in the image, compromising lesion detectability. Edge-preserving smoothing filters can differentially preserve edges and features while smoothing noise. These filters assume spatially uniform noise models. However, the noise in PET images is spatially variant, approximately following a Poisson behavior. Therefore, different regions of a PET image need smoothing by different amounts. In this work, we introduce an adaptive filter, based on anisotropic diffusion, designed specifically to overcome this problem. In this algorithm, the diffusion is varied according to a local estimate of the noise using either the local median or the grayscale image opening to weight the conductance parameter. The algorithm is thus tailored to the task of smoothing PET images, or any image with Poisson-like noise characteristics, by adapting itself to varying noise while preserving significant features in the image. This filter was compared with Gaussian smoothing and a representative anisotropic diffusion method using three quantitative task-relevant metrics calculated on simulated PET images with lesions in the lung and liver. The contrast gain and noise ratio metrics were used to measure the ability to do accurate quantitation; the Channelized Hotelling Observer lesion detectability index was used to quantify lesion detectability. The adaptive filter improved the signal-to-noise ratio by more than 45% and lesion detectability by more than 55% over the Gaussian filter while producing "natural" looking images and consistent image quality across different anatomical regions.
Tribological Properties of Carbon Layers Produced by High Temperature Chlorination in Comparison with DLC Coating (2007)

Tribological properties of carbon layers produced by high temperature chlorination of SiC ceramic and DLC (diamond-like carbon) coatings produced by ion plating method were investigated and compared. Carbon coatings were produced by exposure of ball and disc type SiC in chlorine and hydrogen gas mixtures at 1200℃. After treatment for 10 h, dense carbon films up to 180 ㎛ in thickness were formed. Tribological behavior of newly developed carbon films were compared with that of DLC films. Wear resistance and frictional coefficient of the surface modified ball and disc type SiC were significantly improved compared to an untreated SiC specimen, and also the modified carbon layer had better performance than DLC coatings. Therefore, in this study, the newly developed carbon films have several advantages over existing carbon coatings such as DLC coatings and showed superior tribological performances.
Linum usitatissimum L. (2005)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/15702/thumbnail.jpg
Report on the fourth workshop on recommendation in complex environments (2020)

During the past decade, recommender systems have rapidly become an indispensable element of websites, apps, and other platforms that are looking to provide personalized interaction to their users. As recommendation technologies are applied to an ever-growing array of non-standard problems and scenarios, researchers and practitioners are also increasingly faced with challenges of dealing with greater variety and complexity in the inputs to those recommender systems. For example, there has been more reliance on fine-grained user signals as inputs rather than simple ratings or likes. Many applications also require more complex domain-specific constraints on inputs to the recommender systems. The outputs of recommender systems are also moving towards more complex composite items, such as package or sequence recommendations. This increasing complexity requires smarter recommender algorithms that can deal with this diversity in inputs and outputs. The ComplexRec workshop series offers an interactive venue for discussing approaches to recommendation in complex scenarios that have no simple one-size-fits-all solution.
Diversity of Matriptase Expression Level and Function in Breast Cancer (2012)

Overexpression of matriptase has been reported in a variety of human cancers and is sufficient to trigger tumor formation in mice, but the importance of matriptase in breast cancer remains unclear. We analysed matriptase expression in 16 human breast cancer cell lines and in 107 primary breast tumors. The data revealed considerable diversity in the expression level of this protein indicating that the significance of matriptase may vary from case to case. Matriptase protein expression was correlated with HER2 expression and highest expression was seen in HER2-positive cell lines, indicating a potential role in this subgroup. Stable overexpression of matriptase in two breast cancer cell lines had different consequences. In MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells the only noted consequence of matriptase overexpression was modestly impaired growth in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of matriptase in 4T1 mouse breast carcinoma cells resulted in visible changes in morphology, actin staining and cell to cell contacts. This correlated with downregulation of the cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. These results suggest that the functions of matriptase in breast cancer are likely to be variable and cell context dependent.
SOWP: Spatially Ordered and Weighted Patch Descriptor for Visual Tracking (2015)

A simple yet effective object descriptor for visual tracking is proposed in this paper. We first decompose the bounding box of a target object into multiple patches, which are described by color and gradient histograms. Then, we concatenate the features of the spatially ordered patches to represent the object appearance. Moreover, to alleviate the impacts of background information possibly included in the bounding box, we determine patch weights using random walk with restart (RWR) simulations. The patch weights represent the importance of each patch in the description of foreground information, and are used to construct an object descriptor, called spatially ordered and weighted patch (SOWP) descriptor. We incorporate the proposed SOWP descriptor into the structured output tracking framework. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields significantly better performance than the state-of-the-art trackers on a recent benchmark dataset, and also excels in another recent benchmark dataset.
Transposon Insertion Sequencing Elucidates Novel Gene Involvement in Susceptibility and Resistance to Phages T4 and T7 in Escherichia coli O157 (2018)

Experiments using bacteriophage (phage) to infect bacterial strains have helped define some basic genetic concepts in microbiology, but our understanding of the complexity of bacterium-phage interactions is still limited. As the global threat of antibiotic resistance continues to increase, phage therapy has reemerged as an attractive alternative or supplement to treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Further, the long-used method of phage typing to classify bacterial strains is being replaced by molecular genetic techniques. Thus, there is a growing need for a complete understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning phage-bacterium interactions to optimize phage therapy for the clinic as well as for retrospectively interpreting phage typing data on the molecular level. In this study, a genomics-based fitness assay (TraDIS) was used to identify all host genes involved in phage susceptibility and resistance for a T4 phage infecting Shiga-toxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157. The TraDIS results identified both established and previously unidentified genes involved in phage infection, and a subset were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and phenotypic testing of 14 T4 and 2 T7 phages. For the first time, the entire <i>sap</i> operon was implicated in phage susceptibility and, conversely, the stringent starvation protein A gene (<i>sspA</i>) was shown to provide phage resistance. Identifying genes involved in phage infection and replication should facilitate the selection of bespoke phage combinations to target specific bacterial pathogens.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Antibiotic resistance has diminished treatment options for many common bacterial infections. Phage therapy is an alternative option that was once popularly used across Europe to kill bacteria within humans. Phage therapy acts by using highly specific viruses (called phages) that infect and lyse certain bacterial species to treat the infection. Whole-genome sequencing has allowed modernization of the investigations into phage-bacterium interactions. Here, using <i>E. coli</i> O157 and T4 bacteriophage as a model, we have exploited a genome-wide fitness assay to investigate all genes involved in defining phage resistance or susceptibility. This knowledge of the genetic determinants of phage resistance and susceptibility can be used to design bespoke phage combinations targeted to specific bacterial infections for successful infection eradication.
Effect of laminin‐1 on intestinal cell differentiation involves inhibition of nuclear nucleolin (2005)

Intestinal epithelial cells are characterized by continuous renewal and differentiation events, which may be influenced by the basement membrane, and in particular laminins, which are major components of this specialized extracellular matrix. The function and signaling pathways of laminins in these processes are still poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the possible role and the subcellular localization of nucleolin, a nuclear shuttling protein, in relation to differentiation of human intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cells triggered by exogenous laminin-1. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis indicated that laminin-1 induced early differentiation of the cells concomitantly to a decrease in nuclear nucleolin and its a cell surface location. We also showed that both effects of laminin-1 on Caco2/TC7 cells--induction of the differentiation marker sucrase-isomaltase and redistribution of nucleolin--could be mediated by a beta1-integrin dependent cascade that implicated activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. In addition, knock-down of nucleolin expression by the small interfering RNA strategy mimicked the effect of laminin-1 as it resulted in the induction of cell polarization and differentiation. Thus, our study suggests that changes in the subcellular distribution and expression level of nucleolin play an important role in intestinal cell differentiation and relay the signaling pathway induced by laminin-1.
Postmarketing adverse drug reactions: A duty to report? (2014)

Neuroimaging of first-ever seizure: Contribution of MRI if CT is normal
Dynamic planning model for urban telephone networks and its applications (1989)

In the paper we describe a model (ARCOS) for dynamic planning of small- and medium-size urban telephone networks. The main innovative feature of the method is the fact that, by exploring the spatial decomposition of a simplified initial network, we are led to a network of tractable size in the sense that it is possible to schedule ‘K-best’ network expansions in time, represented on a decision graph obtained according to some heuristic simplifications. For the purpose of defining the network expansions from the decision graph we used adequate versions of the K-shortest-paths algorithm and of a dynamic programming algorithm. That is, in ARCOS we seek to improve a type of algorithm for primary cable network planning as presented by Rapp by introducing a new heuristic method that seeks to optimise the dynamic evolution of the network topology together with the equipments capcity expansions. The actual version of the ARCOS model and its application to particular urban networks is described. The advantages and difficulties of the method are also discussed.
The Treatment of Scabies with Ivermectin (1995)

The anthelmintic agent ivermectin, given in a single oral dose, is an effective treatment for scabies in otherwise healthy patients and in many patients with HIV infection.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis Using a Straight Intramedullary Nail (2018)

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis using a hindfoot intramedullary nail has been shown to be a safe and reliable technique in patients with severe ankle and hindfoot disease. There is debate about the use of straight nails versus curved nails. Proponents of the curved nail argue that straight nails predispose to greater risk of lateral plantar nerve injury, poor calcaneal bone purchase and inability to maintain satisfactory hindfoot valgus alignment. However, the subtalar joint is a condyloid joint enabling rotation of the talus on the calcaneum to create varus/valgus position of the calcaneal tuberosity. We present a clinical series of patients undergoing TTC fusion using a straight nail assessed by clinical and radiological outcomes to establish whether theoretical risks of straight nails are reflected in clinical practice. Methods: This single centre, retrospective study of prospectively collected data on a sequential series of patients to undergo TTC fusion, with pre and post-operative weight bearing CT imaging. Data was collected on indication for procedure, co-morbidities, post-operative complications, union rate as well as clinical scores, EQ5D and MOXFQ. Weight bearing CT imaging was analysed using the validated TALUS™ (torque ankle lever arm system) method on weight bearing CT, providing calcaneal offset, hindfoot angle and hindfoot alignment. These were used as markers of hindfoot alignment. Results: 65 patients (37 males, 28 females) were included in the study, with an average age of 57 years. Average follow-up was 20 months. Indications for TTC fusion included Charcot arthropathy, talar avascular necrosis, post traumatic arthritis and non-union of previous arthrodeses. Union rate was 91% (59/65). Overall complication rate was 11% (7/65) and most were minor wound complications. There were no plantar nerve injuries noted. There were no nail cut outs from the calcaneum. On all markers of hindfoot alignment, cases showed a more physiological degree of hindfoot valgus compared to pre-operative measures. There were significant improvement in both EQ5D and MOXFQ scores (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: We present the largest series of TTC fusion using a straight intramedullary nail and the first series to analyse hindfoot alignment using weight bearing 3D CT imaging. Our data regarding correction of hindfoot alignment is supported by biomechanical theories of subtalar varus/valgus, being related to rotatory changes at the subtalar joint, questioning the perceived need for a curved nail. This is particularly at the level of the entry point of the nail. The principles of valgus hindfoot nails are based on biomechanical laboratory studies and cadaveric studies, neither of which reflect our findings in clinical practice.
In Vivo Therapeutic Success of MicroRNA‐155 Antagomir in a Mouse Model of Lupus Alveolar Hemorrhage (2015)

MicroRNA-155 promotes pristane-induced lung inflammation. It contributes to ectopic activation of NF-κB signaling pathways by targeting multiple negative regulators. MicroRNA-155 antagomir may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating acute lung inflammation in lupus.
Simple and Efficient Amberlite 15-catalyzed Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinones (2020)

The Amberlite 15 catalyzed synthesis of substituted 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones was reported. The reaction conditions were optimized by screening in different solvents and catalysts. The substrate scope of the reaction was also studied, and a plausible mechanism for the reaction was proposed.