gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Range, distribution, and stopping power of 800-keV $sup 14$N$sup +$ ions implanted in metals from Z$sub 2$ = 22 to Z$sub 2$ = 32 (1975)

Concentration distributions of 800-keV $sup 14$N$sup +$ ions implanted in metallic targets from titanium (Z$sub 2$ = 22) through germanium (Z$sub 2$ = 32) were determined from $gamma$-ray--yield distributions using the $sup 14$N(p, $gamma$)$sup 15$O resonance reaction at 1061.0 keV. Comparison of the first and second moments of these distributions with those predicted by the theory of Lindhard, Scharff, and Schiott (LSS) shows that the measured distributions are generally shallower and narrower. In addition, the measured distributions are strongly skewed such that their concentrations fall off more rapidly for deeper target layers. Values for the third moment of these distributions are also presented. We have attributed the discrepancies between the measured and predicted distributions to the behavior of the electronic stopping power, S/sube/. Values of S/sube/ for the targets studied here were determined by altering the LSS value of S/sube/ for each target by a multiplicative constant such that the predicted projected range is equal to the first moment of the measured distribution. With this adjustment, the predicted range straggling agrees closely with the measured second moments. The adjusted values of S/sube/ exhibit a more » Z$sub 2$ dependence which is not accounted for in either the LSS or Firsov pictures of electronic stopping power. Increases in the LSS values by as much as 60% are needed to describe the measured distributions. The Z$sub 2$ dependence of S/sube/ observed here suggests that there is an oscillatory behavior similar to the Z$sub 1$ dependence previously reported by Ormrod, MacDonald, and Duckworth, and by Hvelplund and Fastrup. (AIP) « less
Chromophor-Substrate, VIII, Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen an N-[(Azulen-4-yl)acetyl]-peptiden (1971)

Article Chromophor-Substrate, VIII, Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen an N-[(Azulen-4-yl)acetyl]-peptiden was published on January 1, 1971 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 352, issue 2).
GPU-Accelerated Volume Splatting With Elliptical RBFs (2006)

Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) have become a popular rendering primitive, both in surface and in volume rendering. This paper focuses on volume visualization, giving rise to 3D kernels. RBFs are especially convenient for the representation of scattered and irregularly distributed point samples, where the RBF kernel is used as a blending function for the space in between samples. Common representations employ radially symmetric RBFs, and various techniques have been introduced to render these, also with efficient implementations on programmable graphics hardware (GPUs). In this paper, we extend the existing work to more generalized, ellipsoidal RBF kernels, for the rendering of scattered volume data. We devise a post-shaded kernel-centric rendering approach, specifically designed to run efficiently on GPUs, and we demonstrate our renderer using datasets from subdivision volumes and computational science.
A spectral interior CT by a framelet-based reconstruction algorithm (2016)

Reducing radiation dose is an important goal in medical computed tomography (CT), for which interior tomography is an effective approach. There have been interior reconstruction algorithms for monochromatic CT, but in reality, X-ray sources are polychromatic. Using a polychromatic acquisition model and motivated by framelet-based image processing algorithms, in this paper, we propose an interior reconstruction algorithm to obtain an image with spectral information assuming only one scan with a current energy-integrating detector. This algorithm is a new nonlinear iterative method by minimizing a special functional under a polychromatic acquisition model for X-ray CT, where the attenuation coefficients are energy-dependent. Experimental results validate that our algorithm can effectively reduce the beam-hardening artifacts and metal artifacts. It also produces color overlays which are useful in tumor identification and quantification.
Empirical evaluation of multilevel logic minimization tools for a lookup-table-based field-programmable gate array technology (1993)

The performance of multilevel logic minimization tools for a lookup-table-based field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology was examined. The experiments used the university tools, misII for combinational logic minimization and mustang for state assignments, and the industrial tools xnfmap for technology mapping and apr for automatic placement and routing. The quality of the multilevel logic minimization tools was measured by the number of routed configurable logic blocks (CLBs) in the FPGA realization. A linear relationship between the number of literals and the number of routed CLBs was found. In all 34 MCNC-89 benchmark finite state machines, one-hot state assignment resulted in substantially fewer CLBs than any other state encoding methods available in mustang. A delay model that provides routing delay prediction based on fan-out is presented and used to estimate the delays of the FPGA implementation of logic expressions prior to technology mapping, place, and route.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tutorial on Applying the VM Technology for TFT-LCD Manufacturing (2014)

In the high-tech industries, on-line quality monitoring on each workpiece under processing is required to ensure process stability and improve yield rate. However, conducting workpiece-by-workpiece actual metrology is very expensive and time-consuming. In this case, a novel idea is to use “virtual metrology” (VM) that conjectures workpiece quality based on process data collected from production equipment with a slight supplement of actual metrology data. The purpose of this tutorial paper is to select the thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) manufacturing processes as the illustrative examples for demonstrating the methodology of fab-wide implementation of the VM technology systematically. To begin with, a survey of VM-related literature is performed. Then, the features of an effective and refined VM system are presented with the automatic VM (AVM) system developed by the authors as a case study, followed by introduction of the TFT-LCD production tools and manufacturing processes. After that, the generic deployment schemes of the VM technology for the TFT-LCD tools are proposed. Finally, illustrative examples with the AVM system as a case study are presented to show how the VM technology applies to TFT-LCD manufacturing.
NANOGEL AEROGEL AS LOAD BEARING INSULATION FOR CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS (2010)

Load support structures in cryogenic storage, transport and processing systems are large contributors to the total heat leak of the system. Conventional insulation systems require the use of these support members in order to stabilize the process fluid enclosure and prevent degradation of insulation performance due to compression. Removal of these support structures would substantially improve system efficiency. Nanogel aerogel insulation performance is tested at vacuum pressures ranging from high vacuum to atmospheric pressure and under loads from loosely packed to greater than 10,000 Pa. Insulation performance is determined using boil‐off calorimetry with liquid nitrogen as the latent heat recipient. Two properties of the aerogel insulation material suit it to act as a load bearing “structure” in a process vessel: (1) Ability to maintain thermal performance under load; (2) Elasticity when subjected to load. Results of testing provide positive preliminary indication that these properties allow Nanogel aerogel to effectively be used as a load bearing insulation in cryogenic systems.
The release of lysosomal Pro⁃cathepsin L of BV⁃2 cells upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation and its toxicity to neurons (2011)

Objective To investigate the secretion of lysosomal Pro ⁃ cathepsin L and its contribution to neuronal apoptosis upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Methods The effect on the release of Pro ⁃ cathepsin L in BV ⁃ 2 cells upon LPS stimulation was determined by Western blotting. Dopaminergic cell line PC⁃12 cells were cultured with conditioned medium collected from BV⁃2 cells upon LPS stimulation, then the activated Caspase ⁃ 3 expression in PC ⁃ 12 cells was determined by Western blotting. After combination with Cathepsin L inhibitor (iCL) and LPS, the activated Caspase⁃3 expression in PC⁃12 cells was observed. Results The secretion of Pro⁃cathepsin L was increased significantly at 1 and 3 h upon LPS stimulation in BV⁃2 cells (P = 0.015, 0.021). Expression of activated Caspase⁃3 in PC⁃12 cells co⁃cultured with conditioned medium collected from BV⁃2 cells upon LPS stimulation at 1 and 3 h was increased (P = 0.000, for all). However, pretreatment with iCL in BV⁃2 cells could partially reverse Caspase⁃3 activation (P = 0.005, 0.001). Conclusion Inflammation increases secretion of Pro ⁃ cathepsin L in microglia, which can induce the Caspase⁃3 activation of neurons, which may participate in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2011.01.015
Successful HLA‐identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency (2007)

PNP deficiency is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by severe combined immunodeficiency, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and by a complex of neurologic manifestations including ataxia, developmental delay, and spasticity. PNP protein catalyzes the phosphorolysis of deoxyinosine and deoxyguanosine. It is found in most tissues of the body but is expressed at the highest levels in lymphoid tissues. This tissue distribution explains why the lymphoid system is predominantly affected in PNP deficiency. We describe a five-yr-old boy with muscular hypertonia, impaired growth, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and neutropenia who underwent HSCT from his HLA-identical sister. One yr post-HSCT, the boy developed normal immunological functions, and his neurological status improved.
Production of enantiopure compounds by crystallization-induced resolution (2002)

At DSM Fine Chemical crystallization-induced resolution was scrutinized for better applications reaching beyond the standard classical resolution method. Some of these modifications are presented in this paper.
Analysis of User Exploration Patterns during Scene Cuts in Omnidirectional Videos (2018)

Omnidirectional video can be comprised of several scenes joined together. A scene in a video can change within the same semantic content due to switching to a different camera position (e.g., in a multi-camera sport event), referred to as intra-scene transition; in other situations, a scene in a video can change between different semantic content, referred to as inter-scene transition (e.g., a scene cut from a movie). — In this paper an attempt is made to 1) find the user exploration behavior in terms of the exploration range, angular speed and acceleration metrics; 2) Investigate whether there is any exploration behavioral change in the watching patterns between intra- and inter-scene transitions. — We find that there is an increase in the exploratory behavior for all the above-mentioned metrics, and show that there is a delay (reaction time) between the scene transition and the start of the exploration. Finally, we also show that the exploratory behavior is higher in inter-scene transitions compared to intra-scene transitions.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Qingdai Granule on Resisting Lipid Peroxidation (2003)

Objective: To study the mechanism of Qingdai granule (QG) in treating ulcerous colonitis (UC). Methods: Rat model of UC was made by the method of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. Contents of tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) , catalase (CAT) activity and level of malondialdehyde (MDA) produced by tissue lipid peroxide were measured. Results: In the group treated with QG, the SOD activity increased ( P 0. 05) and the level of MDA reduced significantly ( P 0. 05). Conclusion: QG could resist lipid peroxidation by clearing oxygen radical.
Practical issues on the implementation of acoustic transversal filters (2019)

This paper evaluates important aspect of acoustic filters based on a transversal configuration in order to foreseen the potential and limitations of this new configuration. These aspects are: effects of the losses of the resonators and external components, such as capacitors and inductors, sensitivity on the deviation of the impedance and resonant frequency of the resonators and effects of having a non-ideal balun. This study has been performed in a sixth order filter with asymmetric position of the transmission zeros.
Horizontally Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube on Quartz from a Large Variety of Metal Catalysts (2008)

Horizontally aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are highly desired for SWNT device applications. A large variety of metals including Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pt, Pd, Mn, Mo, Cr, Sn, Au, Mg, and Al successfully catalyzed the growth of such tubes on stable temperature (ST)-cut quartz by lattice guidance. In addition, Mg and Al were presented to produce random and aligned SWNTs for the first time. A hypothesis is proposed in which the precipitated carbon shell on the outer surface of the metal catalysts guides the alignment along the crystal lattice but not the catalysts themselves. By elucidating the role of the catalysts, an understanding of the aligned growth mechanism on quartz is further improved. Moreover, a simple "scratch" method by a razor blade such as the carbon steel and tungsten carbide (with 9% cobalt) is presented to pattern the "catalysts" without any complex processing steps such as lithography for the aligned SWNT growth.
A digital phase-locked loop with variable loop gains derived from RLS method (2002)

We propose a DPLL (digital phase-locked loop) with time-varying loop gains which are derived from the RLS method. This method, in contrast to the one based on the standard Kalman filtering algorithm, is appropriate for the situation where no statistics are known. If the forgetting factor in the RLS method is constant, the acquisition performance only improves in the initial stage. However, with the variable forgetting factor adaptive to the measurements, the DPLL shows excellent acquisition and tracking performance under a non-stationary environment which are comparable to that based on the adaptive Kalman filter with lock detection algorithm.
Estimation of market equilibrium values for apple attributes (2017)

Purpose Development of new cultivars requires extensive genetic knowledge, trained personnel, and significant financial resources, so it is crucial for breeders to focus on the attributes most preferred by the key supply chain stakeholders such as consumers and producers. The purpose of this paper is to identify which attributes generate the highest total revenue or social surplus, information that breeders can take into account as they allocate resources to focus on attributes in their breeding programs. Design/methodology/approach This study used mail-in and online surveys to collect consumer and producer choice experiment data, and then employed mixed logit models to analyze and simulate individual producer and consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for the apple attributes. Findings Based on the simulation results, this study derived the supply and demand curves and the market equilibrium prices and quantities for each apple attribute. Based on the WTP analysis for both consumer and producer, this paper found the highest equilibrium price and welfare for apples come from crispness, followed by flavor. Originality/value The authors propose a framework to estimate the equilibrium prices and quantities of a product based on the results of choice experiments. The framework can be easily adapted to understand any countries’ producer and consumer preferences for certain products.
Direct thrombosis of aneurysms with cellulose acetate polymer (1992)

The authors have developed a liquid material for thrombosing aneurysms. This material is a mixture of cellulose acetate polymer and bismuth trioxide dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. On contact with blood, the dimethyl sulfoxide diffuses and cellulose acetate polymer forms, which balloons when slowly injected into the blood. The polymer solidifies from surface to core in 5 minutes. Cellulose acetate polymer was injected directly into experimental aneurysms created in 10 dogs; it rapidly hardened in the shape of the aneurysms, completely obliterating them but preserving the parent vessels in all cases. No distal migration of the polymer was seen. The good results of this experimental trial led to a clinical study using a cellulose acetate polymer, as described in Part II.
O que é Investimento (2020)

Em artigo para o jornal Valor Econômico (O pior quinquênio de nossas vidas, em 26 de março), em coautoria com Aloisio Campelo Jr., chamamos a atenção que no primeiro trimestre do ano de 2019 completavam-se 5 anos desde o início da mais longa e profunda recessão porque passara o Brasil. Desde então haviam sido recuperados apenas 42% do PIB até o final do primeiro trimestre deste ano. Vale dizer, comparando os primeiros trimestres de 2014 e 2019, o PIB havia se reduzido em 5,6% e a Formação Bruta de Capital Fixo – o investimento – se reduzira em 27,5%, resultando assim, na menor taxa de investimento (15,5%) dos últimos 50 anos.4 E, o resultado para o ano de 2019 não é muito alentador. Crescimento de apenas 1,2%, puxado pelo consumo das famílias, principalmente de serviços (Monitor do PIB-FGV, no 51, 18/02/2020).
SUBACUTE CEREBELLAR DEGENERATION ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS (1965)

Journal Article SUBACUTE CEREBELLAR DEGENERATION ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS Get access LORD BRAIN, LORD BRAIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MARCIA WILKINSON MARCIA WILKINSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 88, Issue 3, September 1965, Pages 465–478, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/88.3.465 Published: 01 September 1965
[papers] Viewers' Susceptibility to Image Blurs in Watching Ultra-high-definition TV Correlates with Their Dynamic Visual Acuity (2019)

A major problem in the subjective evaluation of TV image quality is individual variability among participants. The large individual differences in the susceptibility to image blurring result in imprecise evaluations and loss of power to detect statistically significant differences between experimental conditions. In image quality assessments of traditional televisions, the observers' visual acuities (VA) should be screened. For emerging TV systems with wide field-of-view (FOV), in which objects move quickly relative to the display frame, it is unclear whether screening viewers' VAs is sufficient or not. In the wide FOV TV image quality evaluations, screening of the dynamic visual acuity (DVA) might be effective to control for the individual differences. We show here that a significant correlation between the number of blurred frames reported and the observer's DVA. Therefore, DVA screening is important to avoid an imprecise evaluation and to detect statistical significance between experimental conditions.
Interaction and balance of mask write time and design RET strategies (2005)

It has been demonstrated that the write time for 50keV E-beam masks is a function of layout complexity including figure count, vertex count and total line edge. This study is aimed to improve model fitting by utilizing all the variables generated from CATS. A better correlation of R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99 was achieved by including quadratic and interaction terms. The vertex model was then applied to estimate write time of various nano-imprint templates. Accuracy of the vertex model is much better than the numbers generated from E-beam tool software. A 90nm test layout was treated with a mask optimization (MO) algorithm. A 26% write time reduction was observed through shot count reduction. The advanced features of the new generation E-beam writing tool combined with mask layout optimization, allows the same level of mask cost even though the capital cost of the new tool set increased 25%.
DefectGAN: Weakly-Supervised Defect Detection using Generative Adversarial Network (2019)

Traditional methods for defect detection applied in industry are complex, time-consuming, not robust and demanding for professional experience due to hand-crafted features extraction and pipeline design. Besides, current deep learning based methods for general object segmentation demand for a large number of region-level human annotations.Instead, we present DefectGAN for defect detection in a weakly-supervised learning, which requires very a few human annotations. In practical application, images in training dataset are merely labeled with two categories: negative and positive. Despite being trained on image-level rather than region-level labels, DefectGAN has remarkable ability of localizing defect regions.DefectGAN can have comparable and visually even better performance than SegNet, a supervised learning method on dataset CCSD-NL and DAGM 2007. The detected regions are more similar to the original defect regions visually and it has the potential of detecting unseen defects.
Distinct Innate Immunity Pathways to Activation and Tolerance in Subgroups of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Distinct Immunoglobulin Receptors (2012)

Subgroups of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have distinct expression profiles of Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway-associated genes. To test the hypothesis that signaling through innate immunity receptors may influence the behavior of the malignant clone, we investigated the functional response triggered by the stimulation of TLRs and NOD2 in 67 CLL cases assigned to different subgroups on the basis of immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV ) gene usage, IGHV gene mutational status or B-cell receptor (BcR) stereotypy. Differences in the induction of costimulatory molecules and/or apoptosis were observed in mutated versus unmutated CLL. Different responses were also identified in subsets with stereotyped BcRs, underscoring the idea that "subset-biased" innate immunity responses may occur independently of mutational status. Additionally, differential modulation of kinase activities was induced by TLR stimulation of different CLL subgroups, revealing a TLR7-tolerant state for cases belonging to stereotyped subset #4. The distinct patterns of TLR/NOD2 functional activity in cells from CLL subgroups defined by the molecular features of the clonotypic BcRs might prove relevant for elucidating the immune mechanisms underlying CLL natural history and for defining subgroups of patients who might benefit from treatment with specific TLR ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles with Bridgehead Nitrogen: Synthesis, High Resolution NMR and Mass Spectra of 5‐Aryloxymethyltetrazolo[1,5‐a]quinolines (V). (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.