gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast and Green Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Essential Oil Allylbenzenes into the Corresponding Aldehydes via Alkene Isomerization and Subsequent Potassium Permanganate Promoted Oxidative Alkene Group Cleavage (2009)

Essential oil allylbenzenes from have been converted quickly and efficiently into the corresponding benzaldehydes in good yields by a two-step "green" reaction pathway based on a solventless alkene group isomerization by KF/Al(2)O(3) to form the corresponding 1-arylpropene and a subsequent solventless oxidation of the latter to the corresponding benzaldehyde by KMnO(4)/CuSO(4).5H(2)O. The assistance by microwave irradiation results in very short reaction times (<15 minutes). The green conversion of eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) into vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) has been carried out in a similar way, requiring however two additional microwave-assisted synthetic steps for acetylation of the hydroxy group prior to the oxidation reaction, and for the final deacetylation of vanillin acetate (4-acetoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) by KF/Al(2)O(3) under solvent-free conditions, respectively.
Impedance Matching Concepts in RFID Transponder Design (2006)

In this paper, we analyze impedance matching concepts in passive radio frequency identification (RFID) transponders, which are powered by the incoming RF energy and consist of an antenna and an integrated circuit chip, both with complex impedances. The impedance match between the chip and the antenna can be characterized by the power transmission coefficient. We analyze the behavior of the power transmission coefficient and the effect it has on the tag performance. As an example, we consider a specific RFID transponder design, an Intellitag ID card with embedded folded meander antenna operating in 915 MHz band. We present both measurement data and simulation results, which are in good agreement.
Stat5 is indispensable for the maintenance of bcr/abl ‐positive leukaemia (2010)

Tumourigenesis caused by the Bcr/Abl oncoprotein is a multi-step process proceeding from initial to tumour-maintaining events and finally results in a complex tumour-supporting network. A key to successful cancer therapy is the identification of critical functional nodes in an oncogenic network required for disease maintenance. So far, the transcription factors Stat3 and Stat5a/b have been implicated in bcr/abl-induced initial transformation. However, to qualify as a potential drug target, a signalling pathway must be required for the maintenance of the leukaemic state. Data on the roles of Stat3 or Stat5a/b in leukaemia maintenance are elusive. Here, we show that both, Stat3 and Stat5 are necessary for initial transformation. However, Stat5- but not Stat3-deletion induces G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant stable leukaemic cells in vitro. Accordingly, Stat5-abrogation led to effective elimination of myeloid and lymphoid leukaemia maintenance in vivo. Hence, we identified Stat5 as a vulnerable point in the oncogenic network downstream of Bcr/Abl representing a case of non-oncogene addiction (NOA).
Bioconjugated Luminescent Nanoparticles for Biological Applications (2003)

Abstract Inorganic nanostructures that interface with biological systems have recently attracted widespread interest in biology and medicine. Nanoparticles are thought to have potential as novel luminescent probes for both diagnostic (e.g., imaging) and therapeutic (e.g., drug delivery) purposes because of their size comparable to biomolecules and their novel optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. Critical issues for successful nanoparticle delivery include the ability to target specific tissues and cell types and escape from the biological particulate filter known as reticuloendothelial system. Three distinct types of luminescent nanoparticles have been identified which show promise in bioanalysis, namely dye‐doped nanoparticles, semiconductor and metal nanoparticles. In this article we examine the recent advances in the development of dye‐doped nanoparticles, metal and semiconductor nanoparticles, bioconjugation schemes to attach these nanoparticles to biomolecules and a few biological applications.
Sclerostin (2011)

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is one of the three components of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) ([1][1]). Patients with CKD may develop various types of bone disease, spanning the spectrum of extreme situations such as severe osteitis fibrosa, osteomalacia, mixed osteopathy
Data Augmentation for Edge-AI on-chip Learning (2022)

This study applied data augmentation to improve the inference accuracy of edge-artificial intelligence on-chip learning, which uses the fine-tuning technique with limited knowledge and without a cloud server. Subsequently, keyword spotting was adopted as an example of the edge-AI application to evaluate inference accuracy. Investigations revealed that all four data augmentation types contributed to inference accuracy improvements, boosting data augmentation by 5.7 times rather than the one-shot boost without data augmentation recorded previously.
Enhancing the frequency stability of a millimeter wave network analyzer with an add-on unit (2004)

A proper arrangement frequency generation greatly enhances the stability of commercial millimeter wave instrumentation, particularly in network analyzers operating above 110 GHz. When distributed crystal clocks of varying uncertainty classes are replaced by a centralized rubidium master oscillator, the phase and frequency errors of the entire measuring system are reduced by a factor of ten. Galvanic ground loops and load pulling effects can be entirely avoided in these physically large installations by using optical fibers as a synchronization path. Millimeter wave spectrum characteristics remain unaffected because no additional phase locked loops or frequency multipliers are needed. The suggested modification is of great help in prolonged near-field scanning measurements, where a constant phase and carrier frequency have to be maintained even for a couple of days. Repeatability is extended up to several months through GPS-based frequency steering, which however must be disabled during millimeter wave activity in order to avoid phase jumps.
Gluten Detection and Speciation by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (2013)

Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been used historically in proteomics research for over 20 years. However, until recently LC-MS/MS has only been routinely used in food testing for small molecule contaminant detection, for example pesticide and veterinary residue detection, and not as a replacement of microbiological food testing methods, specifically allergen analysis. Over the last couple of years, articles have started to be published which describe the detection of allergens by LC-MS/MS. In this article we will describe how LC-MS/MS can be applied in the area of gluten detection and how it can be used to specifically differentiate the species of gluten used in food, where specific markers for each variety of gluten can be simultaneously acquired and detected at the same time. The article will discuss the effect of variety on the peptide response observed from different wheat grain varieties and will describe the sample preparation protocol which is essential for generating the peptide markers used for speciation.
La reforma del régimen especial de trabajadores autónomos (2004)

Evaluation of kinetic parameters of drug-target binding, k<sub>on</sub>, k<sub>off</sub>, and residence time (RT), in addition to the traditional in vitro parameter of affinity is receiving increasing attention in the early stages of drug discovery. Target binding kinetics emerges as a meaningful concept for the evaluation of a ligand's duration of action and more generally drug efficacy and safety. We report the biological evaluation of a novel series of spirobenzo-oxazinepiperidinone derivatives as inhibitors of the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1, SLC29A1). The compounds were evaluated in radioligand binding experiments, i.e., displacement, competition association, and washout assays, to evaluate their affinity and binding kinetic parameters. We also linked these pharmacological parameters to the compounds' chemical characteristics, and learned that separate moieties of the molecules governed target affinity and binding kinetics. Among the 29 compounds tested, 28 stood out with high affinity and a long residence time of 87 min. These findings reveal the importance of supplementing affinity data with binding kinetics at transport proteins such as hENT1.
Phase Transitions and Formation of a Monolayer-Type Structure in Thin Oligothiophene Films: Exploration with a Combined In Situ X-ray Diffraction and Electrical Measurements (2019)

A combination of in situ electrical and grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is a powerful tool for studies of correlations between the microstructure and charge transport in thin organic films. The information provided by such experimental approach can help optimizing the performance of the films as active layers of organic electronic devices. In this work, such combination of techniques was used to investigate the phase transitions in vacuum-deposited thin films of a common organic semiconductor dihexyl-quarterthiophene (DH4T). A transition from the initial highly crystalline phase to a mesophase was detected upon heating, while only a partial backward transition was observed upon cooling to room temperature. In situ electrical conductivity measurements revealed the impact of both transitions on charge transport. This is partly accounted for by the fact that the initial crystalline phase is characterized by inclination of molecules in the plane perpendicular to the π-π stacking direction, whereas the mesophase is built of molecules tilted in the direction of π-π stacking. Importantly, in addition to the two phases of DH4T characteristic of the bulk, a third interfacial substrate-stabilized monolayer-type phase was observed. The existence of such interfacial structure can have important implications for the charge mobility, being especially favorable for lateral two-dimensional charge transport in the organic field-effect transistors geometry.
Kinetics and Seepage Forces in Steady-State Ground-Water Flow (2011)

Formulas for (i) the components of acceleration, (ii) the volumetric gravitational, pressure-dependent, and friction forces, and (iii) stability conditions for aquifer solids in groundwater flowing under steady-state conditions are derived in this work. The tangential acceleration governs the magnitude of the average pore velocity along the flow path of ground water. The normal acceleration component arises from changes in the direction of the average pore velocity. The frictional force exerted by the aquifer matrix on ground water is derived via Newton's second law of motion. It is shown that the friction force is of approximately the same magnitude (but opposite in direction) to the drag or seepage force exerted by moving ground water on the aquifer matrix. Loss of aquifer solids by ground-water motion may occur whenever the contact force that holds aquifer particles static is not sufficient to counterbalance the resultant of the drag force plus the buoyant unit weight of aquifer. The hydraulic shear force exerted by stream flow contributes to the detachment of channel-bottom particles, although this force is perpendicular to the ground-water induced drag force under uniform stream flow regime. Key variables governing the detachment of aquifer solids by moving ground water are the hydraulic gradient, flow-path geometry, and the unit weights of aquifer and ground water.
The Pleiotypic Response to Serine in Erythroblastic Leukemic Cells (1986)

Erythroblastic leukemic (EBL) cells incubated in media containing essential amino acids, glutamine and serine incorporate more [3H]-leucine into protein than those incubated without serine. Cells incubated with serine contain higher intracellular serine concentrations and display increased rates of peptide chain initiation on polyribosomal profile analysis. Deficiency of serine inhibited protein synthesis more than deficiencies of most other single essential amino acids, but no further inhibition was seen when single essential amino acids were removed from serine deficient media. Serine also enhanced the uptake of [3H]-uridine and its transfer to RNA while several essential amino acids had no effect. We conclude that in EBL cells, serine is an essential amino acid and that exogenous repletion of intracellular concentrations induces a positive pleiotypic response. We have previously shown that after incubation with serine for 15 min. EBL cells have greater numbers of plasmalemma insulin receptors. Regulation of cell surface receptors may therefore comprise another limb of the pleiotypic response.
Excitable chaotic pulses in a dual-frequency laser (2015)

SCOPUS: cp.p
High-power excilamps with short-pulse duration (2000)

The possibility of creation of capacitive discharge excilamps with short pulse duration was studied. There were three types of pulsed excilamps in experiments: cylindrical glow discharge lamp, capacitive discharge lamp, high pressure volume discharge planar lamp with UV-preionization of discharge gap. In capacitive discharge cylindrical KrCl-excilamp, at (lambda) approximately 222 nm the radiation pulse power through the end face of a lamp up to 2.5 kW has been obtained. Powerful radiation pulses of 50 ns in duration were obtained at pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz. In case of high pressure volume discharge at operating pressure of several atmospheres the radiation peak power density values were as much as 5 kW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at (lambda) approximately 250 nm, and 3.5 kW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at (lambda) approximately 222 nm and at (lambda) approximately 308 nm. In cylindrical longitudinal excilamp with inner electrodes with Xe- I<SUB>2</SUB> mixture the total pulse power of 75 kW has been obtained. The first experiments with harnessing of inductive energy stores for excilamp excitation have been carried out.
Anion-Accelerated Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling of Phenols with Aryl Halides (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTAnion-Accelerated Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling of Phenols with Aryl HalidesD. David Hennings, Seiji Iwasa, and Viresh H. RawalView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1, 2–3Publication Date (Web):January 10, 1997Publication History Received4 October 1996Published online10 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo961876khttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo961876krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3457Altmetric-Citations179LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Cyclization,Palladium Get e-Alerts
Synthese und Kristallstruktur des ersten Oxonitridoborates — Sr3[B3O3N3]Professor Joachim Strähle zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (2002)

Das Cyclotri(oxonitridoborat) Sr3[B3O3N3] wurde in Form farbloser Kristalle durch Umsetzung von SrCO3 mit Poly(boramidimid) im Hochfrequenzofen bei 1450 °C dargestellt. Die Kristallstruktur wurde mittels Einkristall-Röntgenstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt (Sr3[B3O3N3], Z = 4, P21/n, a = 663, 16(2), b = 786, 06(2), c = 1175, 90(3) pm, β = 92, 393(1)°, R1 = 0, 0441, wR2 = 0, 1075, 1081 unabhängige Reflexe, 110 verfeinerte Parameter). Neben Sr2+ finden sich im Kristall bisher unbekannte, cyclische [B3O3N3]6—-Ionen, (B—N 143, 7(10) — 149, 1(9) pm, B—O 140, 5(8) — 141, 4(8) pm). Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the First Oxonitridoborate — Sr3[B3O3N3] The cyclotri(oxonitridoborate) Sr3[B3O3N3] was synthesized at 1450 °C as coarsely crystalline colourless crystals by the reaction of SrCO3 with poly(boron amide imide) using a radiofrequency furnace. The structure was solved by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (Sr3[B3O3N3], Z = 4, P21/n, a = 663.16(2), b = 786.06(2), c = 1175.90(3) pm, η = 92.393(1)°, R1= 0.0441, wR2 = 0.1075, 1081 independent reflections, 110 refined parameters). Besides Sr2+ there are hitherto unknown cyclic [B3O3N3]6— ions (B—N 143.7(10) — 149.1(9) pm, B—O 140.5(8) — 141.4(8) pm).
Azacycloalkanes. Part 37. 3,4‐Dihydro‐5H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]diazepine and Its Conversions. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rapid Prototyping of Piezoelectric Ceramics via Selective Laser Sintering and Gelcasting (2004)

This article presents a new lost mold rapid prototyping method which combines selective laser sintering (SLS) and gelcasting techniques for fabricating piezoelectric ceramics. SLS was used to fabricate sacrificial molds of the desired structure of the ceramic part. Then aqueous PZT (lead zirconate titanate) suspension was cast in the mold and solidified in situ through formation of a three‐dimensional network gel. Because the polymer mold can be easily removed at the initial stage of sintering and the gelcast PZT body has a high green strength, the desired geometry of the PZT part can be completely retained after sintering of the ceramics. Complex‐shaped PZT parts were successfully fabricated after using concentrated PZT suspension with low viscosity. Densities and electrical properties, such as the d 33 , the relative permittivity ε, the dielectric loss tg δ and the electromechanical coupling factor K p of the gelcast PZT parts were also compared with those of the die‐pressed PZT samples. The results indicated that the gel‐forming process did not deteriorate the electrical properties of the samples, if proper dispersant was selected in developing concentrated ceramic slurry.
Isoflavonoid exudation from white lupin roots is influenced by phosphate supply, root type and cluster‐root stage (2006)

The internal concentration of isoflavonoids in white lupin (Lupinus albus) cluster roots and the exudation of isoflavonoids by these roots were investigated with respect to the effects of phosphorus (P) supply, root type and cluster-root developmental stage. To identify and quantify the major isoflavonoids exuded by white lupin roots, we used high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization (ESI) in mass spectrometry (MS). The major exuded isoflavonoids were identified as genistein and hydroxygenistein and their corresponding mono- and diglucoside conjugates. Exudation of isoflavonoids during the incubation period used was higher in P-deficient than in P-sufficient plants and higher in cluster roots than in noncluster roots. The peak of exudation occurred in juvenile and immature cluster roots, while exudation decreased in mature cluster roots.Cluster-root exudation activity was characterized by a burst of isoflavonoids at the stage preceding the peak of organic acid exudation. The potential involvement of ATP-citrate lyase in controlling citrate and isoflavonoid exudation is discussed, as well as the possible impact of phenolics in repelling rhizosphere microbial citrate consumers.
Identification of two new inhibitors of the hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase system (1998)

A high-throughput screening assay aimed at the detection of inhibitors of the translocase components of the hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) system was set up in a microplate format using untreated and Triton X-100™-disrupted rat liver microsomes. The assay measured the phosphate released from glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) using a standard calorimetric method. We identified two structurally unrelated compounds, 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde and chlorogenic acid, which inhibited the hydrolysis of G6P in untreated microsomes, each with IC50 values of 338 μM and 226 μM, respectively, but were devoid of activity in disrupted microsomes. Thus, the two compounds exhibited a high degree of specificity for translocase components. The effects of 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde bear a resemblance to the effects of pyridoxal phosphate. Studies with compounds structurally related to 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde suggest that both a phenolic OH-group in ortho position to the aldehyde group and a suitable electron-withdrawing group in position 3 or 5 of the aromatic ring are indispensable for the activity of this class of inhibitors. The inhibition pattern of chlorogenic acid is distinct from that of phloretin and is dependent on a free carboxyl group. The products of chlorogenic acid hydrolysis, quinic acid and caffeic acid, are inactive. 2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde type inhibitors and chlorogenic acid are potent new inhibitors for investigating the structure and function of the translocase components of the G6Pase system. Drug Dev. Res. 44:34–40, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor: Relation of Lead Location to Outcome (2004)

Optimal electrode location for thalamic DBS in essential tremor corresponds to the anterior margin of the ventralis intermedius nucleus. Leads located greater than 2 mm (in the plane of the commissures) from the optimal coordinates are more likely to be associated with poor tremor control than leads within 2 mm of the optimal location. The incidence of true physiological tolerance to the antitremor effect of thalamic DBS (defined as poor tremor control in spite of lead location within 2 mm of the optimal site) was found to be 9%.
Hardware/Software Co-testing of Embedded Memories in Complex SOCs (2003)

A novel approach for testing embedded memories in complex systems-on-a-chip (SOCs) is presented. The proposed solution aims to balance the usage of the existing on-chip resources and dedicated design for test (DFT) hardware such that the functional power constraints are not exceeded during test while trading-off the testing time against DFT area and performance overhead. The suitability of software-centric and hardware-centric approaches for embedded memory testing is examined and to combine the advantages of both directions, a new built-in self-test (BIST)-based method, called hardware/software co-testing, is introduced. The proposed solution is programmable, scalable and guarantees low routine overhead.
Comparison of atraumatic restorative treatment and conventional restorative procedures in a hospital clinic: evaluation after 30 months. (2003)

The occlusal restorations performed satisfactorily over periods of up to 30 months. However, the continued deterioration of the cements requires longer-term studies to be undertaken.