gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostacyclin (PGI) Receptor Binding and Cyclic AMP Synthesis Activities of PGI1 Analogues, SM-10906 and Its Methyl Ester, SM-10902, in Mastocytoma P-815 Cells. (1994)

The prostacyclin I1 (PGI1) analogue, SM-10906 and its methyl ester, SM-10902, have been compared with the PGI2 analogue, iloprost, with respect to binding to the PGI2 receptor, stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity and inhibition of thrombin-induced Ca2+ mobilization in mastocytoma P-815 cells. SM-10906 displaced [3H]iloprost binding to the membrane fraction, the IC50 value being 100 nM, but showed very low affinity for the prostaglandin E (PGE) receptor. SM-10906 dose-dependently stimulated GTP-dependent adenylate cyclase activity in the membrane fraction, the EC50 value being 35 nM. Furthermore, SM-10906 prevented a thrombin-induced increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, the IC50 value being 300 nM. These IC50 and EC50 values are much lower than those of SM-10902. These results demonstrate that SM-10906, a stable PGI1 derivative, is an agonist for the [3H]iloprost-binding (PGI2) receptor, and that it prevents thrombin-induced Ca2+ mobilization through stimulation of the adenylate cyclase system in mastocytoma cells. On the other hand, a methyl ester derivative of PGI1, SM-10902, was inactive in the binding assay, but it seems to be a partial agonist for adenylate cyclase activity [corrected].
Information sharing and security in dynamic coalitions (2002)

Today, information sharing is critical to almost every institution. There is no more critical need for information sharing than during an international crisis, when international coalitions dynamically form. In the event of a crisis, whether it is humanitarian relief, natural disaster, combat operations, or terrorist incidents, international coalitions have an immediate need for information. These coalitions are formed with international cooperation, where each participating country offers whatever resources it can muster to support the given crisis. These situations can occur suddenly, simultaneously, and without warning. Often times, participants are coalition partners in one crisis and adversaries in another, raising difficult security issues with respect to information sharing. Our specific interest is in the Dynamic Coalition Problem (DCP), with an emphasis on the information sharing and security risks when coalitions are formed in response to a crisis. This paper defines the DCP and explores its intricate, challenging, and complex information and resource sharing, and security issues, utilizing real-world situations, which are drawn from a military domain.
Immunostimulatory effect of faecalBifidobacteriumspecies of breast-fed and formula-fed infants in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell/Caco-2 co-culture system (2011)

Bifidobacterium spp. typical of the human intestinal microbiota are believed to influence the balance of immune responses in the intestinal mucosa. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different bifidobacterial species and their mixtures in in vitro experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Caco-2 cells. Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. angulatum, B. breve, B. catenulatum, B. infantis, B. longum and two combinations of these bifidobacteria simulating the species composition found in faecal samples from breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants were used. The levels of several cytokines were measured by direct stimulation of PBMC and by stimulation of a Caco-2/PBMC co-culture with bifidobacteria. B. catenulatum and B. breve were the strongest enhancers of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by direct stimulation of PBMC. B. longum was the highest inducer of IL-10 and the lowest TNF-α stimulus. In the Caco-2/PBMC system, B. breve was the highest inducer of IL-8 production by Caco-2 cells, significantly different from B. infantis, B. adolescentis and the FF mixture (P < 0·05). IFN-γ produced by PBMC stimulated with the BF mixture (containing 22 % B. breve, compared with 7 % in the FF mixture) was significantly higher compared with B. adolescentis, B. infantis and B. longum. B. adolescentis also inhibited IFN-γ production compared with the FF mixture and B. longum. The proportion of different Bifidobacterium strains seems to be an important determinant of the cytokine balance in the simulated intestinal environment studied. B. breve and the combination of the Bifidobacterium species typically found in the microbiota of BF infants have shown the most significant effects.
Antiradical activity of aryl- and hetarylhydrazones in ethylbenzene oxidation (2013)

A relation between the kinetic parameters of the antiradical activity of aryl and hetarylhydrazones and their electronic structure is revealed in the form of the correlation between the reaction rate constants, bond energies of the reaction centers and the antioxidants ionization potentials. The relations obtained can be used to predict the antiradical activity in a series of hydrazones.
Mutations of the KIT (mast/stem cell growth factor receptor) proto-oncogene account for a continuous range of phenotypes in human piebaldism. (1992)

Piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of pigmentation, characterized by congenital patches of white skin and hair from which melanocytes are absent. We have previously shown that piebaldism can result from missense and frameshift mutations of the KIT proto-oncogene, which encodes the cellular receptor tyrosine kinase for the mast/stem cell growth factor. Here, we report two novel KIT mutations associated with human piebaldism. A proximal frameshift is associated with a mild piebald phenotype, and a splice-junction mutation is associated with a highly variable piebald phenotype. We discuss the apparent relationship between the predicted impact of specific KIT mutations on total KIT-dependent signal transduction and the severity of the resultant piebald phenotypes.
Adaptive iq imbalance correction for ofdm systems with frequency and timing offsets (2005)

Direct conversion (from RF to complex I and Q baseband in one mixing step) architectures are increasingly popular as they enable lower implementation costs. The resulting frequency dependent amplitude and phase imbalance between the I and Q conversion rails can cause significant performance degradations to complex modulation techniques such as 64-QAM and above typically used for high data rate transmission. Conventionally, this IQ imbalance is only corrected at the receiver at power up while the imbalance at the remote transmitter is assumed to be pre-corrected. However, aging, manufacturability, and temperature variations can be difficult to calibrate and can result in performance degradation (e.g., range reduction, etc.). Future ad hoc networks will also require imbalance correction per packet as they might come from many different transmitters. in this paper, we propose an adaptive scheme in the receiver to correct the IQ imbalances at the remote transmitter as well as the receiver. The proposed scheme, as it jointly corrects remote transmitter and local receiver I imbalances in the presence of frequency and timing rate offsets, is therefore more robust than the earlier results.
Xylan Binding Subsite Mapping in the Xylanase fromPenicillium simplicissimumUsing Xylooligosaccharides as Cryo-Protectant, (1999)

Following a recent low-temperature crystal structure analysis of the native xylanase from Penicillium simplicissimum [Schmidt et al. (1998) Protein Sci. 7, 2081-2088], where an array of glycerol molecules, diffused into the crystal during soaking in a cryoprotectant, was observed within the active-site cleft, we utilized monomeric xylose as well as a variety of linear (Xn, n = 2 to 5) and branched xylooligomers at high concentrations (typically 20% w/v) as cryoprotectant for low-temperature crystallographic experiments. Binding of the glycosidic moiety (or its hydrolysis products) to the enzyme's active-site cleft was observed after as little as 30 s soaking of a native enzyme crystal. The use of a substrate or substrate analogue as cryoprotectant therefore suggests itself as a simple and widely applicable alternative to the use of crystallographic flow-cells for substrate-saturation experiments. Short-chain xylooligomers, i.e., xylobiose (X2) and xylotriose (X3), were found to bind to the active-site cleft with its reducing end hydrogen-bonded to the catalytic acid-base catalyst Glu132. Xylotetraose (X4) and -pentaose (X5) had apparently been cleaved during the soaking time into a xylotriose plus a monomeric (X4) or dimeric (X5) sugar. While the trimeric hydrolysis product was always found to bind in the same way as xylotriose, the monomer or dimer yielded only weak and diffuse electron density within the xylan-binding cleft, at the opposite side of the active center. This suggests that the two catalytic residues divide the binding cleft into a "substrate recognition area" (from the active site toward the nonreducing end of a bound xylan chain), with strong and specific xylan binding and a "product release area" with considerably weaker and less specific binding. The size of the substrate recognition area (3-4 subsites for sugar rings) explains enzyme kinetic data, according to which short oligomers (X2 and X3) bind to the enzyme without being hydrolyzed.
Foil Collimator Defects: A Comparison with Cast Collimators (1992)

Imperfections such as septal tears, improper alignment of channels, and improper seating can be built into collimators at the time of manufacture. The purpose of this study was to compare the collimator uniformity of a high-resolution low-energy foil collimator to that of a similar cast collimator. A 5 mCi point source of technetium-99m (99mTc) placed 5 m from the collimator face was imaged with both collimators. Line sources were imaged at 5 to 30 cm from the collimator face, both above and below the imaging table. A SPECT phantom filled with 10 mCi of 99mTc was imaged with both collimators. Transaxial images were reconstructed, and uniformity corrections were obtained, based on data from each collimator. In the distant point-source images, using the foil collimator, linear streaks and a sizeable cold defect were seen. These almost disappeared in the sheet-source images. Linear streaks were also present in the line-source images. The SPECT images showed small ring artifacts in three areas. None of these defects were seen with the cast collimator. These findings illustrate the importance of properly evaluating the uniformity of each collimator purchased with a new system.
PEGylation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and its Application as an Anti-Cancer Prodrug (2007)

The objective of this study is to investigate whether the PEGylated conjugated linoleic acid (PCLA) as an anti-cancer prodrug can have favorable stability, biological activity, and prevention of proliferation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells for anti-cancer when compared with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) itself. The CLA was simply coupled to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) at melting state without solvent or catalyst through ester linkage between carboxylic group of CLA and hydroxyl one of PEG. The results showed that the half life of PCLA was 55h in cell culture medium at pH 7.4 and 37°C. Apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells were induced by not only CLA- but PCLA-treatment with increasing concentrations whereas PCLA increased cell viability when compared with CLA itself. These results indicate that the PCLA is a more stable and valuable prodrug in that it has good stability and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.
Manmade Target Extraction in PolSAR Data using Polarimetric Coherence Optimization (2015)

Polarimetric coherence strongly relates to the types and orientations of local scatterers. An optimization scheme is proposed to optimize the coherence between two polarimetric channels for polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data. The coherence magnitude (correlation coefficient) is maximized by rotating a polarimetric coherency matrix in the rotation domain around the radar line of sight. Pi-SAR data sets are used for demonstration and validation. The coherence of oriented manmade targets is significantly enhanced while that of forests remains relatively low. Therefore, the proposed technique can effectively discriminate these two land covers which are easily misinterpreted by the conventional model-based decomposition. Moreover, based on an optimized polarimetric coherence parameter and the total backscattered power, a simple manmade target extraction scheme is developed for application demonstration. This approach is applied with the Pi-SAR data. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Probing Depth Changes Following 2 Years of Periodontal Maintenance Therapy Including Adjunctive Controlled Release of Chlorhexidine (2003)

The results of this Phase IV or follow-up trial indicate that the adjunctive use of the CHX chip is a clinically safe and effective treatment option for long-term management of chronic periodontitis.
A modular framework for multiscale, multicellular, spatiotemporal modeling of acute primary viral infection and immune response in epithelial tissues and its application to drug therapy timing and effectiveness (2020)

Simulations of tissue-specific effects of primary acute viral infections like COVID-19 are essential for understanding disease outcomes and optimizing therapies. Such simulations need to support continuous updating in response to rapid advances in understanding of infection mechanisms, and parallel development of components by multiple groups. We present an open-source platform for multiscale spatiotemporal simulation of an epithelial tissue, viral infection, cellular immune response and tissue damage, specifically designed to be modular and extensible to support continuous updating and parallel development. The base simulation of a simplified patch of epithelial tissue and immune response exhibits distinct patterns of infection dynamics from widespread infection, to recurrence, to clearance. Slower viral internalization and faster immune-cell recruitment slow infection and promote containment. Because antiviral drugs can have side effects and show reduced clinical effectiveness when given later during infection, we studied the effects on progression of treatment potency and time-of-first treatment after infection. In simulations, even a low potency therapy with a drug which reduces the replication rate of viral RNA greatly decreases the total tissue damage and virus burden when given near the beginning of infection. Many combinations of dosage and treatment time lead to stochastic outcomes, with some simulation replicas showing clearance or control (treatment success), while others show rapid infection of all epithelial cells (treatment failure). Thus, while a high potency therapy usually is less effective when given later, treatments at late times are occasionally effective. We illustrate how to extend the platform to model specific virus types (<i>e.g</i>., hepatitis C) and add additional cellular mechanisms (tissue recovery and variable cell susceptibility to infection), using our software modules and publicly-available software repository.
Thermo-Mechanical Design Considerations in 3D-Integrated SiC Power Device Package (2020)

Wide bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide (SiC), have properties that allow them to surpass the performance of conventional silicon (Si) semiconductors in power electronic applications. Placing these wide bandgap devices in 3D-integrated packaging structures offers potential for significant power density increases as well. This paper addresses the thermo-mechanical design considerations in such a package containing a full bridge DC-DC converter with multifunctional heat sinks directly bonded to bare-die SiC MOSFET’s, as well as additively manufactured transformer windings. This structure is accomplished by developing and incorporating innovative design practices with additive manufacturing technology and multi-functional elements that will serve combined mechanical, electrical, and thermal functions. The following critical elements of this innovative converter are highlighted: the demonstration of a syringe-printed transformer winding using nano-silver paste, and flip-chipped SiC switching devices bonded via Ag-In based transient liquid phase sintering (TLPS).
Structural and Electrochemical Study of New LiNi0.5TixMn1.5‐xO4 Spinel Oxides for 5‐V Cathode Materials. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Controllable KVCO Ring VCO Topology (2021)

A differential ring Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) with a controllable K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</inf> is introduced. The capability to control K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</inf> enables post-fabrication calibration of VCO gain, in order to reduce its vulnerability to Process, Voltage, and Temperature (PVT) variations. Performance of the proposed circuit topology, and its application in design of Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs), are analyzed. The gain of the proposed VCO can be tuned over ±20% of its nominal value. Simulations show that phase noise of the proposed circuit varies by less than 2 dBc/Hz compared to the conventional topology, at an offset frequency of 10 MHz, over its entire K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</inf> tuning range.
DZNep is a global histone methylation inhibitor that reactivates developmental genes not silenced by DNA methylation (2009)

DNA methylation, histone modifications, and nucleosomal occupancy collaborate to cause silencing of tumor-related genes in cancer. The development of drugs that target these processes is therefore important for cancer therapy. Inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of hematologic malignancies. However, drugs that target other mechanisms still need to be developed. Recently, 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) was reported to selectively inhibit trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) and lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20me3) as well as reactivate silenced genes in cancer cells. This finding opens the door to the pharmacologic inhibition of histone methylation. We therefore wanted to further study the mechanism of action of DZNep in cancer cells. Western blot analysis shows that DZNep globally inhibits histone methylation and is not selective. Two other drugs, sinefungin and adenosine dialdehyde, have similar effects as DZNep on H3K27me3. Intriguingly, chromatin immunoprecipitation of various histone modifications and microarray analysis show that DZNep acts through a different pathway than 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. These observations give us interesting insight into how chromatin structure affects gene expression. We also determined the kinetics of gene activation to understand if the induced changes were somatically heritable. We found that upon removal of DZNep, gene expression is reduced to its original state. This suggests that there is a homeostatic mechanism that returns the histone modifications to their "ground state" after DZNep treatment. Our data show the strong need for further development of histone methylation inhibitors.
Changes in protein synthesis during the development of Xenopus laevis (1979)

ABSTRACT Patterns of protein synthesis during the development of Xenopus were studied by twodimensional gel electrophoresis. Up to the end of the blastula stage we find no newly synthesized proteins which are not already made in the oocyte. The first new proteins are seen during gastrulation, and they increase in number during neurulation. Some of these are restricted to the ‘ectodermal’ region, and some to the ‘endodermal’ region of embryos divided into two parts. These new, region-specific proteins include a-actin. When the oocyte matures the number of detectable newly synthesized proteins decreases, reaching a minimum in the unfertilized egg. Some, such as β and γ-actin, re-appear at the end of cleavage. This could not be shown to be a recovery artifact. The relation of the total mRNA to these changes in protein synthesis was studied by translation in the lysed reticulocyte cell-free system. The mRNAs that code for oocyte proteins that cease synthesis in the unfertilized egg and re-appear in blastulae are nevertheless detectable in total RNA made from eggs. These proteins therefore seem to cease and resume synthesis through translational control. mRNAs for new proteins first appear after gastrulation, just when these proteins are first detected in vivo. This strongly suggests, though it does not prove, that new gene activity is involved. It is therefore likely that region-specific gene activity is already present by the gastrula stage of development, and has an impact on the most abundant kinds of proteins made in the embryo.
GcoPS: a fast automatic colocalization method for 3D live cell imaging and super-resolution microscopy (2018)

International audience
Designing multi-touch gestures to support emotional expression in IM (2014)

The dramatically increasing use of IM and the lack of visual and aural nonverbal behaviors in this channel of communication have presented a variety of challenges and opportunities for researchers in the area of HCI and design. In this preliminary study, we, through design research, identified a group of text-based emotional cues users apply to express their emotions in IM and accordingly developed a set of multi-touch gestures to support emotional expression in IM communication.
Lipid- and Cholesterol-Mediated Time-Scale-Specific Modulation of the Outer Membrane Protein X Dynamics in Lipid Bilayers (2018)

Membrane protein function fundamentally depends on lipid-bilayer fluidity and the composition of the biological membrane. Although dynamic interdependencies between membrane proteins and the surrounding lipids are suspected, a detailed description is still missing. To uncover lipid-modulated membrane protein backbone dynamics, time-scale-specific NMR relaxation experiments with residue-resolution were recorded. The data revealed that lipid order, modified either biochemically or biophysically, changes the dynamics of the immersed membrane protein in a specific and time-scale-dependent manner. A temperature-dependent dynamics analysis furthermore suggests a direct coupling between lipid and protein dynamics in the picosecond-nanosecond, microsecond, and millisecond time scales, caused by the lipid's trans-gauche isomerization, the segmental and rotational motion of lipids, and the fluidity of the lipid phase, respectively. These observations provide evidence of a direct modulatory capability of the membrane to regulate protein function through lipid dynamics ranging from picoseconds to milliseconds.
Prescribers' Responses to Alerts During Medication Ordering in the Long Term Care Setting (2006)

Long-term care facilities must implement new system-level approaches with the potential to improve medication safety for their residents. The number of medication orders that triggered a warning message in this study suggests that CPOE with a clinical decision support system may represent one such tool. However, the relatively low rate of response to these alerts suggests that further refinements to such systems are required, and that their impact on medication errors and adverse drug events must be carefully assessed.
Virulence factors of the swine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. (1996)

The Gram-negative bacterium Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiologic agent of swine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious respiratory infection with great economic implications. In recent years, considerable efforts have been invested in the study of its virulence mechanisms. Here we review the current knowledge on the determinants of A. pleuropneumoniae pathogenicity, paying particular attention to the capsule, the lypopolysaccharide, the outer membrane proteins, and the RTX exotoxins. The contribution of other factors is also discussed.