gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and coagulation: bleeding and thrombotic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2020)

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have elevated D-dimer levels. Early reports describe high venous thromboembolism (VTE) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rates, but data are limited. This multicenter retrospective study describes the rate and severity of hemostatic and thrombotic complications of 400 hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients (144 critically ill) primarily receiving standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation. Coagulation and inflammatory parameters were compared between patients with and without coagulation-associated complications. Multivariable logistic models examined the utility of these markers in predicting coagulation-associated complications, critical illness, and death. The radiographically confirmed VTE rate was 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9-7.3), and the overall thrombotic complication rate was 9.5% (95% CI, 6.8-12.8). The overall and major bleeding rates were 4.8% (95% CI, 2.9-7.3) and 2.3% (95% CI, 1.0-4.2), respectively. In the critically ill, radiographically confirmed VTE and major bleeding rates were 7.6% (95% CI, 3.9-13.3) and 5.6% (95% CI, 2.4-10.7), respectively. Elevated D-dimer at initial presentation was predictive of coagulation-associated complications during hospitalization (D-dimer >2500 ng/mL, adjusted odds ratio [OR] for thrombosis, 6.79 [95% CI, 2.39-19.30]; adjusted OR for bleeding, 3.56 [95% CI, 1.01-12.66]), critical illness, and death. Additional markers at initial presentation predictive of thrombosis during hospitalization included platelet count >450 × 109/L (adjusted OR, 3.56 [95% CI, 1.27-9.97]), C-reactive protein (CRP) >100 mg/L (adjusted OR, 2.71 [95% CI, 1.26-5.86]), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) >40 mm/h (adjusted OR, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.07-6.51]). ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, ferritin, and procalcitonin were higher in patients with thrombotic complications than in those without. DIC, clinically relevant thrombocytopenia, and reduced fibrinogen were rare and were associated with significant bleeding manifestations. Given the observed bleeding rates, randomized trials are needed to determine any potential benefit of intensified anticoagulant prophylaxis in COVID-19 patients.
Simulation of multi-microphone hearing aids in multiple interference environments (1996)

In this study, the advantages of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) hardware for hearing aids are investigated in the context of multiple microphone arrays. One key question in multiple microphone DSP system design remains the allocation of processing resources between the number of microphones and the number of adjustable tap weights applied to each microphone. This study addresses the appropriate distribution of these resources for currently implementable adaptive DSP systems. Comparisons are made by computer simulation that includes acoustic headshadow, reverberation effects and non-ideal microphone array hardware in a wide variety of environments. Variations in the number of interfering sources, the amount of reverberation and the microphone array configuration leads to several important conclusions. Performance improvements provided by the processors are reported as the broadband unweighted signal-to-babble ratio of pre-emphasized speech and speech-shaped babble. Results are demonstrated for both fixed and robust adaptive systems.
Run-rejection survey to assess benefits of training in concepts of quality control and total quality management (1993)

Journal Article Run-rejection survey to assess benefits of training in concepts of quality control and total quality management Get access M D Whiting M D Whiting Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 39, Issue 10, 1 October 1993, Pages 2208–2209, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.10.2208 Published: 01 October 1993
AC 2007-1116: A NATIONAL MODEL FOR ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (2007)

Abstract The traditional approach to engineering mathematics education begins with one year of freshman calculus as a prerequisite to subsequent core engineering courses. However, the inability of incoming students to successfully advance through the traditional freshman calculus sequence is a primary cause of attrition in engineering programs across the country. As a result, this paper describes an NSF funded initiative at Wright State University to redefine the way in which engineering mathematics is taught, with the goal of increasing student retention, motivation and success in engineering. This paper provides an overview of the WSU model for engineering mathematics education, followed by an assessment of student performance, perception and retention through its initial implementation 1-4 . It also summarizes the scope of a recent NSF CCLI Phase 2 Expansion award, which involves a multiyear assessment at WSU, pilot adoption and assessment at two collaborating institutions, and a widespread dissemination of results. Introduction Traditionally, only about 42% of incoming freshmen who wish to pursue an engineering or computer science degree at Wright State University (WSU) ever complete the required freshman calculus sequence. The remaining 58% either switch majors or leave the University. These numbers are not unique to WSU; indeed, the inability of incoming students to successfully advance through the traditional freshman calculus sequence is a primary cause of attrition in engineering programs across the country. Clearly, there are a variety of factors influencing student retention and success in engineering, the most notable being a lack of preparation in high school. Moreover, engineering retention is of particular concern among members of traditionally underrepresented groups, as well as among transfer students and nontraditional students returning to school from the workplace
High sensitivity intracavity stimulated emission pumping (1987)

Small optical gains have been measured by an intracavity laser technique. The iodine molecule is used to probe and calculate the different mechanisms occurring in the intracavity stimulated emission pumping technique. We observed and measured the gain of lines: R(15), P(13),P(17)(43-26). Absorption from nu'' = 6,7, and 8 was also obtained. We show that collision processes and random coincidences of the cavity modes govern the sensitivity of this technique.
Air Flow and Heat Transfer in Fan Cooled Electronic Systems (2004)

In this paper, measurements of surface temperature and air velocity are presented for the case of a printed circuit board with heated metal elements in a fan-induced flow. Surface temperature measurements were performed using infra red thermography, while air flow measurements were performed using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The aim is firstly to provide a physical explanation of the heat transfer process for the board situated in the inlet and exit air flow from the fan, and secondly to provide a set of data to test predictive methods. The results are presented in two parts: first, surface temperature distribution and velocity field data are presented for the case of the fan drawing air from the system. The flow was found to be parallel and uniform. There were symmetrical temperature gradients across the board that were readily explained in terms of board conduction and boundary layer growth. This data set is in strong contrast to that presented in the second part of the paper, which deals with the board mounted in the fan exit flow. In this case, both the flow and the heat transfer changed dramatically. The flow here is unsteady and swirling, giving rise to significantly higher Nusselt numbers over the whole of the board. A simple method of understanding these flows is presented to help the system designer to use them to advantage. The implications for increased system reliability, due to both the measured low component temperatures and the lower operational temperature of the fan are significant.
Designing the Value Curve for Your Next Innovation (2007)

This paper introduces an additional feature to the strategy canvas and value curve that will make innovation designers more effective. The new feature is to let the innovators carry out the designs of their new innovations taking into account both the cost of improving the quality of a parameter that the users value highly and the savings accrued from the drop in provisioning for parameters that users place less emphasis in an innovation.
Neurotoxic Activity of the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein: Activation of Protein Kinase C in Rat Astrocytes (2002)

Envelope glycoprotein (gp120) of the human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1), has adverse effects on glial cells and neurons. This study reports on the direct effect of recombinant gp120 (r-gp120) produced from different expression systems on protein kinase C, as a measure of relative neurotoxicity. Brain cells were grown in vitro from explants of the cerebral cortex of newborn rats, and recombinant gp120 preparations expressed in mammalian cell/vaccinia virus and insect cell/baculovirus systems were applied to astrocyte-enriched cultures. The gp120 preparations activated protein kinase C (PKC) to similar levels in these cells. Mutant recombinant gp120 lacking the amino-terminal 29 amino acids produced from the mammalian and insect cells also activated PKC to similar levels as did the full-length protein. The recombinant proteins specifically activated PKC β and ζ, suggesting that they are able to induce both Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent isoforms of this enzyme. Alteration of PKC activity in astrocytes by gp120 indicates its ability to modulate gene expression, which is associated with the neurotoxicity of this protein. Furthermore, the results suggest that the deletion of the first 29 residues of NH2-terminal end of the gp120 does not affect the functional activity of this protein with regard to modulation of signal transduction in astrocytes.
Dual Infection by Dengue Virus andShigellasonneiin Patient Returning from India (2003)

To the Editor: Two days after returning from a 4-week trip in India, a 44-year-old woman was admitted to a local French hospital with diarrhea and a fever (40°C). The fever had started 2 days before her return and was associated with myalgia and backache. The patient had not been vaccinated against yellow fever and did not take malaria prophylaxis during her trip. Blood smears were negative for malaria parasites. Biological analyses (complete blood count, liver enzymes, urine culture, stool culture, blood cultures) were ordered. She was sent home with an empirical treatment with ofloxacin (200 mg per day). Biological parameters were within the normal range, except for her platelet count, which was at the lower limit (170 G/L). Microbiologic analyses of stools yielded an isolate of Shigella sonnei serotype 9.
Regulation of glomerulotubular balance. III. Implication of cytosolic calcium in flow-dependent proximal tubule transport (2015)

In the proximal tubule, axial flow (drag on brush-border microvilli) stimulates Na(+) and HCO3 (-) reabsorption by modulating both Na/H exchanger 3 (NHE3) and H-ATPase activity, a process critical to glomerulotubular balance. We have also demonstrated that blocking the angiotensin II receptor decreases baseline transport, but preserves the flow effect; dopamine leaves baseline fluxes intact, but abrogates the flow effect. In the current work, we provide evidence implicating cytosolic calcium in flow-dependent transport. Mouse proximal tubules were microperfused in vitro at perfusion rates of 5 and 20 nl/min, and reabsorption of fluid (Jv) and HCO3 (-) (JHCO3) were measured. We examined the effect of high luminal Ca(2+) (5 mM), 0 mM Ca(2+), the Ca(2+) chelator BAPTA-AM, the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), and the Ca-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin. In control tubules, increasing perfusion rate from 5 to 20 nl/min increased Jv by 62% and JHCO3 by 104%. With respect to Na(+) reabsorption, high luminal Ca(2+) decreased transport at low flow, but preserved the flow-induced increase; low luminal Ca(2+) had little impact; both BAPTA and 2-APB had no effect on baseline flux, but abrogated the flow effect; thapsigargin decreased baseline flow, leaving the flow effect intact. With respect to HCO3 (-) reabsorption, high luminal Ca(2+) decreased transport at low flow and mildly diminished the flow-induced increase; low luminal Ca(2+) had little impact; both BAPTA and 2-APB had no effect on baseline flux, but abrogated the flow effect. These data implicate IP3 receptor-mediated intracellular Ca(2+) signaling as a critical step in transduction of microvillous drag to modulate Na(+) and HCO3 (-) transport.
MUC1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes eradicate tumors when adoptively transferred in vivo. (2001)

We have reported previously that MUC1 transgenic mice with spontaneous tumors of the pancreas (designated MET) naturally develop MHC class I-restricted, MUC1-specific CTLs as tumors progress (P. Mukherjee et al., J. Immunol., 165: 3451-3460, 2000). From these MET mice, we have isolated, expanded, and cloned naturally occurring MUC1-specific CTLs in vitro. In this report, we show that the CTL line is predominantly CD8+ T cells and expresses T-cell receptor Vbeta chains 5.1/5.2, 11, 13, and 2 and Valpha chains 2, 8.3, 3.2, and 11.1/11.2. These CTLs recognize several epitopes on the MUC1 tandem repeat with highest affinity to APGSTAPPA. The CTL clone, on the other hand, is 100% CD8+ cells and expresses a single Vbeta chain of 5.1/5.2 and Valpha2. It recognizes only the H-2Db class I-restricted epitope of MUC1, APGSTAPPA. When adoptively transferred, the CTLs were effective in eradicating MUC1-expressing injected tumor cells including mammary gland cells (C57mg) and B16 melanomas. These results suggest that MUC1-specific CTLs are capable of possibly preventing, or at least substantially delaying, MUC1-expressing tumor formation. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that demonstrates that the naturally occurring MUC1-specific CTLs isolated from one tumor model has antitumor effects on other MUC1-expressing tumors in vivo. Therefore, our data confirm that MUC1 is an important tumor rejection antigen and can serve as a target for immunotherapy.
Oxidative Synthesis of Azacyclic Derivatives Through the Nitrenium Ion: Application of a Hypervalent Iodine Species Electrochemically Generated from Iodobenzene. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
miR-135a inhibits tumor metastasis and angiogenesis by targeting FAK pathway (2017)

Tumor metastasis has been the major cause of recurrence and death in patients with gastric cancer. Here, we find miR-135a has a decreased expression in the metastatic cell lines compared with its parental cell lines by analyzing microRNA array. Further results show that miR-135a is downregulated in the majority of human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Decreased expression of miR-135a is associated with TNM stage and poor survival. Besides, regaining miR-135a in gastric cancer cells obviously inhibits tumor growth, migration, invasion and angiogenesis by targeting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. Bioinformatics analysis and molecular experiments further prove that miR-135a is a novel downstream gene of tumor suppressor p53. Blocking FAK with its inhibitor can also enhance miR-135a expression through inducing p53. In summary, this study reveals the expression and function of miR-135a in gastric cancer and uncovers a novel regulatory mechanism of miR-135a.
Design and Test of an Electromechanical Rover Tether for the Exploration of Vertical Lunar Pits (2020)

Moon Diver is a proposed mission to land and deploy an extreme-terrain, tethered rover for the exploration of Tran-quillitatis Pit, a large vertical cave entrance into the subsurface of Earth's Moon. By leveraging a supportive tether, the Axel rover, developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, would perform a controlled descent into the pit and deploy instruments along the pit wall. The purpose of this mission concept is to study a volcanic secondary crust as a function of depth in order to determine formation processes and chemical makeup. The lifeline of the mission would be the tether, which provides power from, and communication to the top-side lander. Critically, the tether also serves as mechanical support between the suspended rover and the lander, which acts as an anchor. While space tethers have been deployed both in orbit and terrestrially, the use of the proposed tether is unlike any known in the literature; the tether must come into contact with the terrain while under load. With respect to the environment, the tether must also survive abrasion from glassy regolith and volcanic rocks, bending around sharp edges, thermal extremes, and exposure to full spectrum ultra-violet (UV) radiation, all while reliably transferring up to 100 W of power and 1 Mbps of data. Furthermore, since the Axel rover pays out tether from an internal spool, the tether's diameter must be minimized to increase spool capacity, allowing for up to a 300-m traverse while also meeting static and dynamic strength requirements. This paper covers several phases of the tether's initial development, including i) a trade study of structure and materials with consideration for space heritage, ii) selected design justification, and iii) results from tests on prototype tethers looking into mechanical, electrical, and environmental properties, including exposure to rock-regolith abrasion, load profiles at temperature, and degradation due to UV exposure while exposed to vacuum. Finally, we provide insights and lessons learned from lab and field tests, which inform our continued effort to design a tether capable of surviving rugged, lunar conditions.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Importance of Chromosomal Aberrations Identified in 61 Dogs with Lymphosarcoma (1994)

To determine the diagnostic and/or prognostic importance of chromosomal aberrations identified in dogs with malignant (non-Hodgkin's) lymphoma, clinical stages for 61 dogs with lymphosarcoma were determined, the lymph node(s) were histopathologically graded, and the malignant tissue lymphocytes were karyotyped. The results from life table survival curve analysis demonstrated that first remission length and survival time were significantly longer in 15 of 61 (25%) dogs that had a trisomy of chromosome 13 as the primary chromosomal aberration than in those dogs (46/61, 75%) with other primary chromosomal aberrations (P < 0.05). Sex, age, weight, histopathologic subtype and grade, World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage, WHO and modified Karnofsky performance status, chromosomal modal number, and treatment protocol were of no prognostic importance in predicting first remission length or survival time (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis did not identify a significant correlation between the prognostic groups or within the various prognostic subsets (P > 0.05). The pathogenesis of canine and human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as observed cytogenetically, differs.
Improving Epitaxial Growth for LEDs (invited). (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Mild and General Conditions for Negishi Cross‐Coupling Enabled by the Use of Palladacycle Precatalysts (2012)

A wide range of biaryls were synthesized by palladium-catalyzed Negishi cross-couplings at ambient temperature or with low catalyst loading. This protocol features the use of a recently reported aminobiphenyl palladacycle precatalyst to generate the catalytically active XPhosPd(0) species. Significantly, a wide range of challenging heterocyclic and polyfluorinated aromatic substrates can be employed to give products in excellent yields.
Erythrocytes As Micro Vesicles (2020)

The encapsulation of pharmacologically active compounds in erythrocytes is an attractive alternative to microvesicle systems such as liposomes or synthetic microcapsules. Amphotericin B, a polyene antibiotic, was used to encapsulate daunomycin in mouse erythrocytes. Polyene antibiotics have the general property of increasing membrane permeability which is the basis of the antibiotic action. The daunomycin loaded erythrocytes were successfully used to treat leukemic mice. Erythrocytes possess the essential property of deformability which allows them easy access through narrow blood vessels. The normal aged, altered, or damaged erythrocytes are eliminated from the circulation primarily by phagocytosis followed by intracellular digestion of the erythrocyte matrix and hemoglobin. Cold storage of erythrocytes may also result in irreversible changes in the membrane, lipid loss, and conformational movements of the protein, all of which result in increased osmotic fragility and decreased deformability of the cells. A reduction in deformability of erythrocytes might account in part for the high splenic localization.
MPTH-17CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF LONG-TERM GLIOBLASTOMA SURVIVORS (2015)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a challenging disease with ultimately fatal outcome in the majority of patients. Despite improved treatment modalities, median overall survival (OS) rates range between 15-18 months. However, some patients show remarkably longer OS, although the underlying factors associated with prolonged survival remain largely unknown. We here present the clinical and pathological characteristics of a cohort of patients considered long-term survivors. METHODS: Long-term survival (LTS) was defined as OS >3 years after initial diagnosis. Long-term survivors were retrospectively identified from a systematic departmental clinical database from a single institution, and both medical and pathology records were reviewed to identify demographic and clinical characteristics. Tumors were molecularly profiled using a standard clinical panel used for all glioma patients treated at our center. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with LTS. RESULTS: We identified a total of 23 long-term survivors, including 14 cases with OS >5 years. Median age at initial diagnosis was 41 years (range 25-68). There was no difference in gender distribution. The majority of tumors were located in the frontal lobes (16/23, 69.5%). 13/23 (57%) of patients underwent gross-total resection. 9/23 tumors (39.1%) featured an oligodendroglial component in histopathological analysis. All patients received adjuvant concurrent radiation and temozolomide and subsequent chemotherapy (with regimens of either PCV, n = 2, gefitinib, n = 1, or temozolomide, n = 20). 9/23 patients showed MGMT-promoter methylation, 4 were non-methylated and 10 remained undetermined. The majority of patients (13/23, 56.6%) were TP53-wildtype. IDH1-mutation was present in 19/23 patients, 82.6% (17 R132H, 2 R132C). All IDH1-wildtype cases were both MGMT-promoter methylated and TP53-wildtype. CONCLUSIONS: IDH1-mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, TP53-wildtype status, oligo-component, and frontal lobe location seem to be favorable prognostic factors for LTS. Interestingly, in our cohort gross-total surgical resection was not an absolute prerequisite for LTS and IDH1-wildtype status did not preclude long-term survival.