gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytokines as Adjuvants for Vaccine and Cellular Therapies for Cancer (2009)

PROBLEM STATEMENT: The development of a potent vaccine that can help treat tumors resistant to conventional cytotoxic therapies remains elusive. While part of the problem may be that trials have focused on patients with bulky residual disease, the desire to maximize responses to the vaccine remains. APPROACH: The gamma(c) family of cytokines offer a unique opportunity to support the expansion and effector potential of vaccine-responding T-cells, as well as stimulate other effectors, such as natural killer (NK) cells, to become activated. RESULTS: Combining vaccines with cytokines seems logical but can bring unwanted toxicity, as has been observed with interleukin (IL)-2. In addition, the nonspecific activation or expansion of unwanted cell subsets, such as regulatory T-cells, can contribute to global immunosuppression and limit vaccine responses. The development of IL-7 and IL-21 for the clinic offers the promise of enhancing anti-tumor responses but with far less systemic toxicity and no expansion of regulatory T cells. Preclinical studies demonstrate that IL-15 could also improve T-cell, and especially NK-cell, responses as well. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Future work should expand the use of vaccines with IL-7, IL-21 and hopefully IL-15 in high-risk patients, and consider treatment while in a state of minimal residual disease to maximize benefit. Identifying tumors that can signal through gamma(c) cytokines will also be essential so that induction of relapse will be avoided.
Indications and Limitations of Afamelanotide for Treating Vitiligo—Reply (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Lung cancer biology. (1988)

Advances in the understanding of the biology of lung cancer have progressed rapidly over the past decade while treatment results have remained essentially unchanged. It is clear that the knowledge of the heterogeneity of lung cancer cell types in respect of growth properties, biomarker expression, oncogene expression, and antigen expression needs to be applied in the clinic; and their role in predicting response to cytotoxic therapy and survival needs prospective evaluation. In addition the application of cell lines in screening for tumor-specific cytotoxic agents should provide for a more rational approach for drug selection in future clinical trials. Finally the development of magnetic resonance spectroscopy may also play a role both in further understanding the biology of lung cancer, and in the clinical assessment of tumor sensitivity in vivo. More recent data using DNA probes specific for the cytogenetic deletion on chromosome 3, previously identified in only SCLC, suggests that this deletion 3p 14-23 is common to most, if not all, cell types of lung cancer. This adds further to the hypothesis that a common stem cell exists from which all histologic types of lung cancer arise.
<title>Bulk scatter measurements in fused silica at two wavelengths: a comparison with Rayleigh scatter theory</title> (1993)

Angle resolved scattering from bulk fused silica substrates has been measured at .442 micrometers and .633 micrometers . The angle dependent scatter pattern and wavelength dependence are compared to Rayleigh scatter theory. The measured bulk scatter data is applied to the measurement of fused silica substrate total scatter and the resulting measurement limitations imposed by bulk scatter.
Excitations of bulk and surface plasmons in solids and nanostructures (2006)

Abstract In this work, recent studies on the interaction of charged particles with bulk and surface plasmons in systems ranging from macroscopic to nanoscopic scales are summarized. The differences and similarities that arise when the size of the system is modified are analyzed. In particular, the strong interference effects in the excitation of plasmons that arise from the interaction of particles with nanoscale systems are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Uncommon Plant Growth Regulators for the Control of Nutgrass and Oxalis (1960)

THE recognition of the herbicidal activity in the phenylacetic T acids by Pybus et al. (2) is a matter of particular interest to those whose work is concerned with weed control in crops unusually sensitive to 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and its derivatives. Many crops will be injured by 2,4-D applications at the rates used in weed control, but are not particularly damaged by the use of 2,4-D in a spray directed at weeds, and from which only incidental amounts of 2,4-D come into contact with the foliage of the crop. However, there are some crops, e.g., cotton, which are severely damaged by 2,4-D at rates far below those in common herbicidal use. The pineapple plant is of about the same order of sensitivity to 2,4-D, but in a different way. Although pineapple may not be greatly injured by a chance application of 2,4-D in drift amounts (say 2 to 5 grams per acre) the crop may be forced to flower out of season, and the fruits produced on the immature plants are then too small to meet the standard can size. Although the formulation of the hormonal herbicide quite regularly spells the difference between success and failure in a commercial application, it has been our experience that an exceptionally wide range of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T derivatives are ruled out of commercial use for weed control on pineapple plantations. Some 19 esters and other derivatives (alcohols, acetonitriles, acetamides, ethylsulfates, and the like) all have had more or less toxicty to nutgrass, but also have induced flowering in pineapples. Work by Wain (3), and his colleagues, has shown that there are a number of crops which are not adversely affected by chlorinated phenoxy-n-alkyl acids with an even number (more than two) of carbons in the side chain, although weeds common in the fields may be killed by these compounds. For some plants, the explanation for this apparently lies in the ability of the sensitive plants to convert 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid, for example, to 2,4-D, which is then toxic. Unfortunately, pineapple is forced to flower by 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid, although whether the compound is active in inducing flowering in its own right or only after beta-oxidation to 2,4-D may be debated. In any event, if growth regulators are to be used for weed control in the crop, some compound other than one containing the 2,4-D moiety must be used. Two weeds of increasing importance in pineapple fields under Hawaiian conditions are nutgrass, Cyperus rotundus, and a bulb-
Investigation of Longitudinal Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity and Safety (2013)

This research was initiated to determine whether a correlation between pavement marking retroreflectivity and safety could be established. Previous research on this topic provided mixed results and sometimes counterintuitive findings. Using data from Michigan, the researchers evaluated relationships between crashes and longitudinal pavement marking retroreflectivity. The retroreflectivity data consisted of pavement marking measurements representing white edge lines, white lane lines, yellow edge lines, and yellow centerlines. The data included crashes and retroreflectivity measurements from 2002 to 2008. Only nighttime crashes that occurred at nonintersection and noninterchange segments during the nonwinter months (between April and October) were considered (wet crashes were also excluded). The following specific types of crashes were initially identified as target crashes for this study: nighttime, single vehicle nighttime, fatal plus injury nighttime, and single vehicle nighttime fatal plus injury. The findings lend support to the positive safety effects of maintaining retroreflectivity of pavement markings.
Viability assessment for centralised protection and control system architectures in medium voltage (MV) substations (2017)

This paper performs a viability assessment of the centralised substation protection and control system in a number of architectures, using a modified algorithm of the block-layer reliability technique and a specific objective cost function. This study describes the concept of centralised protection in substations and a number of involved architectures. Moreover, it describes the modified algorithm for reliability analysis and its important considerations. In this study, seven cases are simulated in order to: (i) assess substation protection and control architectures; (ii) calculate the reliability indices at the delivery points; and (iii) quantify the total costs for each case. These cases consist of traditional, centralised and hybrid architectures, being the latter a combination of the others. Results show that the centralised approaches are significantly more reliable than the traditional and cost–benefit increase with the increase of number of process bays in the substation. Furthermore, the hybrid architectures show a compromise between cost and system availability in comparison with the others. The simulations were performed considering a 40 year project life cycle.
Metal–organic frameworks derived CoxFe1−xP nanocubes for electrochemical hydrogen evolution (2015)

Designing and developing active, cost-effective and stable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are still an ongoing challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of binary transition metal phosphide (CoxFe1-xP) nanocubes with different Co and Fe ratios through a phosphidation process using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as templates. MOF templates contribute well-defined nanocube architectural features after phosphidation, while a suitable phosphidation temperature could allow formation of a crystal structure and maintain the well-defined structure. The incorporation of a binary transition metal results in redistribution of the valence electrons in CoxFe1-xP. The changes imply anionic states of the P and Fe atoms, which act as active sites and thus have stronger electron-donating ability. When CoxFe1-xP nanocubes are employed as electrocatalysts, these characteristic features facilitate the performance of HER. Remarkably, Co0.59Fe0.41P nanocubes prepared at 450 °C afford a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) at a low overpotential of 72 mV in acidic conditions and 92 mV in alkaline conditions. Co0.59Fe0.41P nanocubes also exhibit a small Tafel slope of 52 mV decade(-1) in acidic conditions and 72 mV decade(-1) in alkaline conditions. Moreover, Co0.59Fe0.41P nanocubes show good stability in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Our method produces the highly active HER catalyst based on binary transition metal MOF templates, providing a new avenue for designing excellent electrocatalysts.
Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Mycobacterium DNA Using Cepheid SmartCycler® and Tube Lysis System (2001)

The detection of microbial DNA in clinical samples by nucleic acid amplification methods is often limited by the low concentration of organisms present in the specimen. Adequate amounts of target DNA are produced only through time-consuming or inefficient manual concentration and lysis methods, or expensive, dedicated equipment.

There is a need for new sample-processing systems that are quick, reliable, and efficient and that avoid the use of toxic or hazardous chemicals and bulky, expensive equipment. Clinical, epidemiologic, and cost concerns dictate that these systems must maintain high assay sensitivity and a short time to results. It is also desirable that these systems have the capability to function in point-of-care or critical-care environments.

The two fundamental areas for sample processing are the recovery of organisms from the clinical specimen in sufficient amounts and lysis of the organisms to free the nucleic acid for subsequent amplification and detection steps. Ideally, the recovery step would also be capable of concentrating the organism from large volumes and washing away sample inhibitors.

The GeneXpert system, which is being developed by Cepheid, Inc., addresses the above sample-processing issues with a disposable plastic cartridge containing filtration and ultrasonic lysis functions. This system captures the organisms on the filter membrane, washes the sample to remove inhibitors, and ultrasonically ruptures the organisms to free nucleic acid. The nucleic acid is then able to pass through the filter membrane during the subsequent elution step. Sample processing can be combined in a complete instrument system for real-time fluorescent detection of PCR-amplified target organism DNA.

We developed a stand-alone filtration and lysis module to study DNA recovery and PCR sensitivity. Dilute concentrations of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG; an avirulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis ) were used as a model organism. BCG is an appropriate model organism because it is …
Principles and working mechanisms of water-filtered infrared-A (wIRA) in relation to wound healing. (2007)

The experience of the pleasant heat of the sun in moderate climatic zones arises from the filtering of the heat radiation of the sun by water vapor in the atmosphere of the earth. The filter effect of water decreases those parts of infrared radiation (most parts of infrared-B and -C and the absorption bands of water within infrared-A), which would cause - by reacting with water molecules in the skin - only an undesired thermal load to the surface of the skin. Technically water-filtered infrared-A (wIRA) is produced in special radiators, whose full spectrum of radiation of a halogen bulb is passed through a cuvette, containing water, which absorbs or decreases the described undesired wavelengths of the infrared radiation. Within infrared the remaining wIRA (within 780-1400 nm) mainly consists of radiation with good penetration properties into tissue and therefore allows - compared to unfiltered heat radiation - a multiple energy transfer into tissue without irritating the skin, similar to the sun's heat radiation in moderate climatic zones. Typical wIRA radiators emit no ultraviolet (UV) radiation and nearly no infrared-B and -C radiation and the amount of infrared-A radiation in relation to the amount of visible light (380-780 nm) is emphasized. Water-filtered infrared-A as a special form of heat radiation with a high tissue penetration and with a low thermal load to the skin surface acts both by thermal (related to heat energy transfer) and thermic (temperature depending, with a relevant change of temperature) as well as by non-thermal (without a relevant transfer of heat energy) and non-thermic (not depending on temperature, without a relevant change of temperature) effects. wIRA produces a therapeutically usable field of heat in the tissue and increases tissue temperature, tissue oxygen partial pressure, and tissue perfusion. These three factors are vital for a sufficient tissue supply with energy and oxygen. As wound healing and infection defense (e.g. granulocyte function including their antibacterial oxygen radical formation) depend decisively on a sufficient supply with energy and oxygen, one explanation for the good clinical effect of wIRA on wounds and wound infections can be the improvement of both the energy supply per time (increase of metabolic rate) and the oxygen supply. In addition wIRA has non-thermal and non-thermic effects, which are based on putting direct stimuli on cells and cellular structures.wIRA can considerably alleviate the pain (with remarkably less need for analgesics) and diminish an elevated wound exudation and inflammation and can show positive immunomodulatory effects. wIRA can advance wound healing or improve an impaired wound healing both in acute and in chronic wounds including infected wounds. Even the normal wound healing process can be improved.wIRA is contact-free, easily applied, without discomfort to the patient, with absent consumption of material and with a good effect in the depth. The irradiation of the typically uncovered wound is carried out with a wIRA radiator.
Free Energy Change of Aggregation of Nanoparticles (2008)

We used molecular dynamics simulations to calculate the free energy change due to aggregation of MgO nanoparticles in vacuum and examine its dependence on particle size and interparticle orientation. High quality interatomic potentials with a proven track record for simulation of surface and bulk properties, including a representation of electronic polarizability were deployed. The calculations generally predict a free energy barrier to aggregation. However, the free energy barrier to aggregation can be removed by allowing the particles to approach in a crystallographically aligned manner. This implies that aggregation may not be an energetic imperative, but can occur as the result of fluctuations in orientation. Lowering of nanoparticle energy by change in orientation may drive crystal growth via oriented aggregation.
Polycrystalline silicon/CoSi2 Schottky diode with integrated SiO2 antifuse: a nonvolatile memory cell (2003)

A Schottky diode consisting of doped polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) and CoSi2 films is described. When an SiO2 antifuse thin film is grown in between the polysilicon and CoSi2, the film stack can function as a nonvolatile one-time programmable memory cell. The cell is programmed when the SiO2 that insulates the doped polysilicon from the CoSi2 is broken down by applying a large biasing field, and unprogrammed when the antifuse is not broken down. By taking advantage of the ability to grow SiO2 directly on CoSi2, the entire device can made with only two masking steps and relatively simple tool set, while achieving high density.
Night Lights: Daniel Bensaïd’s Times of Disaster and Redemption (2016)

Daniel Bensaïd’s meditations on utopia and revolution assume a materialist form in his grasp of the non-linear temporalities of value relations in capitalist society. The result is a dialectical understanding of time as irregular and prone to ruptural transformations. Bensaïd’s unique reflections in this area open up a ‘strategic sense of time’ as the space of revolutionary politics.
Editorial: Btk—friend or foe in autoimmune diseases? (2013)

Discussion on the role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) signaling in auto-reactive B cell development and activation.
Volumetric Capture of Humans with a Single RGBD Camera via Semi-Parametric Learning (2019)

Volumetric (4D) performance capture is fundamental for AR/VR content generation. Whereas previous work in 4D performance capture has shown impressive results in studio settings, the technology is still far from being accessible to a typical consumer who, at best, might own a single RGBD sensor. Thus, in this work, we propose a method to synthesize free viewpoint renderings using a single RGBD camera. The key insight is to leverage previously seen "calibration" images of a given user to extrapolate what should be rendered in a novel viewpoint from the data available in the sensor. Given these past observations from multiple viewpoints, and the current RGBD image from a fixed view, we propose an end-to-end framework that fuses both these data sources to generate novel renderings of the performer. We demonstrate that the method can produce high fidelity images, and handle extreme changes in subject pose and camera viewpoints. We also show that the system generalizes to performers not seen in the training data. We run exhaustive experiments demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed semi-parametric model (i.e. calibration images available to the neural network) compared to other state of the art machine learned solutions. Further, we compare the method with more traditional pipelines that employ multi-view capture. We show that our framework is able to achieve compelling results, with substantially less infrastructure than previously required.
Catalyseurs Pt-Sn/Al203. Utilisation de nouveaux précurseurs bimétalliques ; caractérisation et activité catalytique (1995)

Les catalyseurs platine-étain supportés sur alumine présentent un intérêt particulier pour le reformage. De nouveaux précurseurs modèles contenant à la fois l’étain et le platine ont été synthétisés et caractérisés par diffraction X, EXAFS et spectroscopie infrarouge. La calcination de ces précurseurs conduit à la formation de platine métal et donc à la ségrégation de l’étain alors que la réduction directe sous hydrogène forme exclusivement l’alliage PtSn. La formation de ces mêmes précurseurs dans la porosité de l’alumine conduit à des catalyseurs supportés présentant une meilleure interaction Pt-Sn par rapport aux catalyseurs conventionnels préparés par coimprégnation ou imprégnations successives. Cette interaction se traduit par une plus faible activité catalytique en déshydrogénation du cyclohexane ; elle dépend des conditions d’activation et du vieillissement des catalyseurs.
Digital masking using Mersenne matrices and their special images (2017)

This paper considers the security issues of digital images transferred via open networks and ensuring their confidentiality by a way of using a matrix masking method. Invariability of so-called "special images" in bidirectional matrix masking is discussed. A task of selection of transformation matrices is considered, as well as examples of "portraits" of special images for Mersenne matrices are provided.
Peripheral CD4 T Cells Rapidly Accumulate at the Host:Parasite Interface during an Inflammatory Th2 Memory Response (2004)

Memory peripheral Th2 immune responses to infectious pathogens are not well studied due to the lack of suitable models and the difficulty of assessing Th2 cytokine expression at sites of inflammation. We have examined the localized immune response to a nematode parasite that encysts in the small intestine. An unexpected architecture was observed on day 4 of the memory response, with granulocytes and macrophages infiltrating the cyst and CD4(+), TCR-alphabeta(+) T cells surrounding the cyst. Laser capture microdissection analysis showed a pronounced CD4-dependent Th2 cytokine pattern at the cyst region only during the memory response, demonstrating that the Th2 memory response is readily distinguished from the primary response by the rapid accumulation of Th2 effector cells at the host:parasite interface.