gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Active tuberculosis, sequelae and COVID-19 co-infection: first cohort of 49 cases (2020)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) pandemic has attracted interest because of its global rapid spread, clinical severity, high mortality rate and capacity to overwhelm healthcare systems [1, 2]. SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs mainly through droplets, although surface contamination contributes and debate continues on aerosol transmission [3–5]. Diagnostic, treatment and outcome details of 49 COVID-19 patients with concurrent or previous tuberculosis from 8 countries show varied clinical profiles <https://bit.ly/369ZGGu> The article is part of the scientific activities of the Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN); GREPI (Groupe de Recherche et d'Enseignement en Pneumo-Infectiologie), a working group from SPLF (Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française); SEPAR (Sociedad Española de Neumología and Cirugía Torácica); Moscow Society of Phtisiology and of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tradate, ITA-80, 2017-2020- GBM/RC/LDA). Delia Goletti is a professor of Pathology at Unicamillus University in Rome, Italy. The authors wish to thank Enrico Girardi (National Institute for Infectious Diseases, L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy) for the useful comments on the manuscript.
The bentonite flocculation test in the assay of Neisseria antibody (1970)

A serological test for the assay of Neisseria antibody would be a valuable asset in the study of neisserial infections. Such a test, using bentonite particles sensitized with phenol-extracted and acetone-precipitated antigens from Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis, has been developed. It has proved to be sensitive and specific in titrations against species-specific immune rabbit sera.In a survey of 454 human sera received from the Special Treatment Clinic (Ottawa), 77% of male gonorrhoea patients and 78% of the females had circulating gonococcal antibodies detectable by this test. Ninety-six percent of the control sera were negative. It is suggested that the bentonite technique could be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.
Indentation of a punch with chemical or heat distribution at its base into transversely isotropic half-space: Application to local thermal and electrochemical probes (2013)

The exact solution to the coupled problem of indentation of the punch, subjected to either heat or chemical substance distribution at its base, into three-dimensional semi-infinite transversely isotropic material is presented. The entire set of field components are derived in terms of integrals of elementary functions using methods of the potential theory and recently obtained, by the authors, results for the general solution of the field equations in terms of four harmonic potential functions. The exact solution for the stiffness relations that relate applied force, total chemical diffusion/heat flux in the domain of the contact, with indenter displacement, temperature, or chemical substance distribution of diffusing species at the base, and materials' chemo/thermo-elastic properties are obtained in closed form and in terms of elementary functions. These results can be used to understand the image formation mechanisms in techniques such as thermal scanning probe microscopy and electrochemical strain microscopy.
STUDIES IN CLINICAL SHOCK AND HYPOTENSION. II. HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND ANGIOTENSIN (1966)

Veterans Administration Hospital and Department of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D. C.
First-Order Based Non-Linear Open-Loop Identification of a Ionic Polymer Bending Actuator and Derived Linear PI closed-loop Control (2016)

International audience
Short-pulse generator with a CROSSATRON/sup (R/) switch (2002)

We have developed a compact, high-voltage, short-pulse generator that employs an 8459H CROSSATRON/sup (R/) switch as the electronic switch. The generator provides 9-kV pulses at 3.3 kHz for 5-s bursts with pulse risetimes /spl les/20 ns and pulse widths /spl les/20 ns. Shot-to-shot stability of /spl les/10 ns over a 20-s burst has been demonstrated. For low repetition rates, a magnetic shockline can be used at the generator output to produce sharpened pulse risetimes of 550 ps.
A Pedigree of Cervical Stenosis, Brachydactyly, Syndactyly, and Hyperopia (1989)

Cervical myelopathy due to developmental cervical canal stenosis occurred in a 13-year-old boy. The patient's father and aunt also had an abnormally small cervical canal, although both were asymptomatic. The patient and his family had many congenital anomalies including hereditary brachydactyly, syndactyly, and hyperopia. The association of these anomalies seems not to have been previously reported in the literature.
A Semantic Search Model Using Word Embedding, POS Tagging, and Named Entity Recognition (2018)

We are in trouble to remember the title of a movie. Even though we remember some scenes, it is difficult to recall words in the movie title. We also try to find the movie title with some web search systems, but in most cases, it is unsatisfactory. It is because most search systems available now do not work well for multiple word description. To overcome this problem, this study considers to use word embeddings, part-of-speech (POS) tagging, and named entity recognition (NER). Word embedding models have shown high potential in capturing a precise syntactic and semantic word relationships. POS tagging is a traditional technique to analyze a sentence to put each word a POS tag. NER model also provides a technique to analyze a sentence with named entity tag. This study evaluates the proposed system by conducting an experiment to search a movie title with several descriptive words for a specific movie. As an initial step, ontologies of 30 movies are developed. Then, it is asked to provide three, five, and seven words about any of the 30 movies. Finally, with these three, five, and seven words, it is tested if the proposed system can find the correct movie title. A total of 50 sample tests is repeated and the result shows that the hit ratio is about 50 to 80%. This hit ratio is, in fact, a very high one compared to those of Google and Naver in Korea.
The preoperative evaluation of patients considered for laparoscopic antireflux surgery. (1995)

Few studies address the proper extent of the preoperative testing in patients referred for consideration of antireflux surgery. Our aim was to perform a thorough gastroesophageal evaluation and determine its influence on the therapeutic decisions of such patients. We evaluated 107 consecutive patients in a combined GI/Surgery clinic for severe or refractory gastroesophageal reflux. The patients had an EGD, esophageal manometry, and 24-h ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring. Only patients with gastric symptoms had gastric testing. Nineteen patients were excluded, 12 refused further evaluation and seven were felt to be unfit for antireflux surgery because of medical or psychological reasons. Eighty-eight patients completed the required studies. Fifty-four patients (61%) had typical reflux symptoms and erosive esophagitis on EGD. All these patients had an abnormal pH study. Five of the 34 patients without esophagitis had a normal pH study and did not have surgery. Ten patients had poor peristalsis by esophageal manometry prompting a subtotal fundoplication. One patient had severe delayed gastric emptying, requiring pyloroplasty in addition to the fundoplication. Eighty of 83 patients had good or excellent surgical results. EGD and esophageal manometry are indispensable in the preoperative evaluation. Manometry may identify abnormalities altering surgical decisions in roughly 10% of patients. Routine ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring is of marginal benefit, except in patients without esophagitis or in those patients where the diagnosis is in doubt. Clinically significant gastric abnormalities are rare, and routine testing of gastric function is not indicated.
Contact resistivity reduction for PtSi/Si(100) by dopant segregation process (2013)

Contact resistivity reduction at PtSi/Si(100) interface by dopant segregation (DS) process was investigated by the cross-bridge Kelvin resistor (CBKR) method for the first time. After the 60 nm-thick PtSi was formed at 700oC/1min in N2 ambient, ion implantation (PH3 or BF3, 1×1015cm−2, 15 keV) was carried out followed by the drive-in anneal at 800oC/1min as a DS process. The Schottky barrier height (SBH) for electron and hole obtained from the C-V characteristics of PtSi/Si(100) diodes were 0.19eV and 0.23eV, respectively. The contact resistivity of 1.7×10−7Ωcm2 for PtSi/p+-Si(100) and 1.8×10−6Ωcm2 for n+-Si(100) were achieved even for the minimum contact area of 2.2μm2 and 33μm2, respectively.
Combining info and spatial directivities in multiple antenna transmission systems (2017)

It is well known that Massive MIMO systems (Multiple-input multiple-output) have high potential for future wireless broadband systems. However, high spectral and power efficiency requirements can be only achieved by multilevel modulations and efficient power amplification. This seems contradictory, due envelope variation of multilevel constellations that can compromise efficiency of power amplification. These restrictions can be overpassed by a multi-amplifier/antenna transmitter compatible with efficient and low cost saturated nonlinear amplifiers combined with a frequency-domain receiver for broadband millimeter wave systems. Based on this multi-amplifier structure it is possible to define a double layered structure where each amplification branch is connected to an antenna array to achieve both constellation and power directivities, assuring at same time similar performances to systems using transmitters with 2-dimensional antenna arrays.
The Grouping of Roles in SNOMED Clinical Terms. (2002)

Lidocaine is a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic agent. Although clinical and experimental studies have shown that an antiarrhythmic dose of lidocaine can protect the brain from ischemic damage, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we examined whether lidocaine inhibits neuronal apoptosis in the penumbra in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Male Wistar rats underwent a 90-min temporary occlusion of middle cerebral artery. Lidocaine was given as an i.v. bolus (1.5 mg/kg) followed by an i.v. infusion (2 mg/kg/h) for 180 min, starting 30 min before ischemia. Rats were killed and brain samples were collected at 4 and 24 h after ischemia. Apoptotic changes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) for DNA fragmentation. Cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation were detected at 4 and 24 h after ischemia and DNA fragmentation was detected at 24 h. Double-labeling with NeuN, a neuronal marker, demonstrated that cytochrome c, caspase-3, and TUNEL were confined to neurons. Lidocaine reduced cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation in the penumbra at 4 h and diminished DNA fragmentation in the penumbra at 24 h. Lidocaine treatment improved early electrophysiological recovery and reduced the size of the cortical infarct at 24 h, but had no significant effect on cerebral blood flow in either the penumbra or core during ischemia. These findings suggest that lidocaine attenuates apoptosis in the penumbra after transient focal cerebral ischemia. The infarct-reducing effects of lidocaine may be due, in part, to the inhibition of apoptotic cell death in the penumbra.
Dissecting functional roles of p53 N‐terminal transactivation domains by microarray expression analysis (2006)

The p53 protein exerts its tumor suppressive function mainly by acting as a transcription activator. Two transactivation domains (TADs) located at the amino-terminus of p53 are required for transcription activation, and the activity of TADs is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation. We attempted to dissect the functions of the two TADs and phosphorylation within the TADs by analyzing p53 target genes induced by full-length p53 (FL-p53), N-terminally deleted p53 isoform lacking the first TAD (Delta1stTAD) and p53 carrying point mutations at all serine residues within the two TADs (TAD-S/A). By performing a comprehensive survey by employing microarray expression analysis, the induction of target genes by FL-p53, Delta1stTAD and TAD-S/A was analyzed. All p53s showed different target gene induction patterns, suggesting the importance of the two TADs and phosphorylation within the TADs in target gene induction. Although Delta1stTAD showed a marked decrease in the ability to induce genes induced by FL-p53, Delta1stTAD induced many apoptosis-related genes that were not induced by FL-p53, suggesting the roles of these Delta1stTAD-induced genes in Delta1stTAD-dependent apoptosis. Approximately 80% of genes induced by FL-p53 were not induced by TAD-S/A, including 29 previously reported p53 target genes such as Hdm2 and Bax, emphasizing the importance of phosphorylation within the TADs. These results demonstrate the significance of the regulation and differential roles of the N-terminal TADs in p53 transcriptional activity.
Pre-training on high-resource speech recognition improves low-resource\n speech-to-text translation (2018)

We present a simple approach to improve direct speech-to-text translation\n(ST) when the source language is low-resource: we pre-train the model on a\nhigh-resource automatic speech recognition (ASR) task, and then fine-tune its\nparameters for ST. We demonstrate that our approach is effective by\npre-training on 300 hours of English ASR data to improve Spanish-English ST\nfrom 10.8 to 20.2 BLEU when only 20 hours of Spanish-English ST training data\nare available. Through an ablation study, we find that the pre-trained encoder\n(acoustic model) accounts for most of the improvement, despite the fact that\nthe shared language in these tasks is the target language text, not the source\nlanguage audio. Applying this insight, we show that pre-training on ASR helps\nST even when the ASR language differs from both source and target ST languages:\npre-training on French ASR also improves Spanish-English ST. Finally, we show\nthat the approach improves performance on a true low-resource task:\npre-training on a combination of English ASR and French ASR improves\nMboshi-French ST, where only 4 hours of data are available, from 3.5 to 7.1\nBLEU.\n
Valence Electron Orbitals of an Oligo(p-phenylene-ethynylene)thiol on Gold (2004)

This communication reports measurement of one-photon (21.2 eV) and one-color, two-photon (3.2-4.5 eV) photoemission spectra of 4,4'-bis-(phenylethynyl)benzenethiol chemisorbed on gold. Four features are observed in these spectra: two occupied, predominantly molecular levels below the Fermi level and two unoccupied, predominantly molecular levels above the Fermi level. The occupied and unoccupied bands closest to the Fermi level are assigned to delocalized pi-bands, and the other occupied and unoccupied bands, to localized pi-bands. With this assignment, the hole- and electron-injection barriers and the transport gap for those levels are deduced.
The influence of the regularization parameter and the first estimate on the performance of Tikhonov regularized non‐linear image restoration algorithms (2000)

This paper reports studies on the influence of the regularization parameter and the first estimate on the performance of iterative image restoration algorithms. We discuss regularization parameter estimation methods that have been developed for the linear Tikhonov-Miller filter to restore images distorted by additive Gaussian noise. We have performed experiments on synthetic data to show that these methods can be used to determine the regularization parameter of non-linear iterative image restoration algorithms, which we use to restore images contaminated by Poisson noise. We conclude that the generalized cross-validation method is an efficient method to determine a value of the regularization parameter close to the optimal value. We have also derived a method to estimate the regularization parameter of a Tikhonov regularized version of the Richardson-Lucy algorithm. These iterative image restoration algorithms need a first estimate to start their iteration. An obvious and frequently used choice for the first estimate is the acquired image. However, the restoration algorithm could be sensitive to the noise present in this image, which may hamper the convergence of the algorithm. We have therefore compared various choices of first estimates and tested the convergence of various iterative restoration algorithms. We found that most algorithms converged for most choices, but that smoothed first estimates resulted in a faster convergence.
<title>Development of smart structural attachment fixtures</title> (1996)

This paper discusses efforts related to the development of smart bolts to be used as structural attachment fixtures. The work has been directed at meeting the high-strength application requirements for the aircraft industry and selected applications within the construction industry. The bolts are fabricated from metastable austenitic steel materials which progressively and irreversibly transform from a nonferromagnetic, austenitic parent phase to a thermodynamically stable, ferromagnetic martensitic phase as a function of applied strain. Thus, the ferromagnetic response of a bolt in service can be used to indicate the degree of inelastic deformation, i.e., the peak strain, that the bolt has experienced up to that particular point. A combination of bolt alloy chemistry and thermomechanical treatment has been utilized to produce a sharp ferromagnetic response with respect to small plastic deformation strains. The extreme strength of the materials allows for a centrally drilled access hole for the placement of sensitive Hall sensor probes to detect any inelastic material behavior along the length of the bolt without removal from the structure. A discussion of the smart materials behavior of the bolts will be followed by a presentation of recent test results which illustrate the structural bolt monitoring technique with some possible applications.
High-speed mixed signal and RF circuit design with compact waffle MOSFET (2002)

A compact waffle MOSFET layout scheme is used to fabricate high-speed mixed-signal circuits and RF circuits. Due to the compactness of the waffle MOSFET, it saves more than 30% of chip area. The extracted parameters indicate a 20-40% reduction in source/drain diffusion capacitance and gate resistance. This reduction results in more than 10% improvement in the propagation delay of buffer circuits and an increase in the unity-gain frequency and phase margin of a high-speed two-stage operational amplifier. An active inductor designed with compact waffle MOSFET also gets higher Q value.
Individualizing therapy for early, middle-of-the-night and late-night insomnia. (2001)

Many patients with insomnia describe their sleep problems as an inability to remain asleep throughout the night, resulting in next-day fatigue that may adversely affect daytime functioning. To be most effective, insomnia treatment should be tailored to resolving underlying causes of the condition and managing specific sleep complaints. Therefore, hypnotic therapy administered prior to bedtime, as is currently recommended for most compounds, is not appropriate for all insomnia patients. Ideally, behavioral interventions should be combined with a rapid-acting agent that can be administered at virtually any time during the night without producing residual effects the following day. Zaleplon, a new non-benzodiazepine sleep medication, provides the clinician with an effective and safe pharmacotherapeutic option for insomnia management. Its rapid rates of absorption and elimination allow for treatment of symptoms when they occur, either at bedtime or later at night, without incurring significant risk for the development of next-day impairment of psychomotor and cognitive functioning.
The Y-Box Binding Protein 1 Suppresses Alzheimer’s Disease Progression in Two Animal Models (2015)

The Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a member of the family of DNA- and RNA binding proteins. It is involved in a wide variety of DNA/RNA-dependent events including cell proliferation and differentiation, stress response, and malignant cell transformation. Previously, YB-1 was detected in neurons of the neocortex and hippocampus, but its precise role in the brain remains undefined. Here we show that subchronic intranasal injections of recombinant YB-1, as well as its fragment YB-11-219, suppress impairment of spatial memory in olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice with Alzheimer's type degeneration and improve learning in transgenic 5XFAD mice used as a model of cerebral amyloidosis. YB-1-treated OBX and 5XFAD mice showed a decreased level of brain β-amyloid. In OBX animals, an improved morphological state of neurons was revealed in the neocortex and hippocampus; in 5XFAD mice, a delay in amyloid plaque progression was observed. Intranasally administered YB-1 penetrated into the brain and could enter neurons. In vitro co-incubation of YB-1 with monomeric β-amyloid (1-42) inhibited formation of β-amyloid fibrils, as confirmed by electron microscopy. This suggests that YB-1 interaction with β-amyloid prevents formation of filaments that are responsible for neurotoxicity and neuronal death. Our data are the first evidence for a potential therapeutic benefit of YB-1 for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Sensor Data Fusion for Activity Monitoring in Ambient Assisted Living Environments (2012)

Abstract. We illustrate the PERSONA context-awareness framework applied to a major problem in Ambient Intelligence, namely user activ-ity monitoring, that requires to infer new knowledge from collected and fused sensor data, dealing with highly dynamic environments where de-vices continuously change their availability and (or) physical location. We describe the Sensor Abstraction and Integration Layer (SAIL), we intro-duce the Human Posture Classification component, which is one partic-ular context information provider, and finally we describe the Activity Monitor, which is a reasoner that delivers aggregated/derived context events in terms of the context ontology.
Apple 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Synthase in Complex with the Inhibitor l-Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (2002)

The 1.6-A crystal structure of the covalent ketimine complex of apple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase with the potent inhibitor l-aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) is described. ACC synthase catalyzes the committed step in the biosynthesis of ethylene, a plant hormone that is responsible for the initiation of fruit ripening and for regulating many other developmental processes. AVG is widely used in plant physiology studies to inhibit the activity of ACC synthase. The structural assignment is supported by the fact that the complex absorbs maximally at 341 nm. These results are not in accord with the recently reported crystal structure of the tomato ACC synthase AVG complex, which claims that the inhibitor only associates noncovalently. The rate constant for the association of AVG with apple ACC synthase was determined by stopped-flow spectrophotometry (2.1 x 10(5) m(-1) s(-1)) and by the rate of loss of enzyme activity (1.1 x 10(5) m(-1) s(-1)). The dissociation rate constant determined by activity recovery is 2.4 x 10(-6) s(-1). Thus, the calculated K(d) value is 10-20 pm.