gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emergency physician professionalism versus wellness: A conceptual model (2023)

Striking the balance between professional duties, obligations, and responsibility with protecting one's wellness as a physician and as an individual have been brought into sharper focus during COVID-19. The objective of this paper is to describe ethical principles in the balance between emergency physician wellness and professional responsibility to patients and the public. We propose a schematic that helps us as emergency physicians visualize continuously striving to be both well and professional.
Covalent Modular Approach for Dimension‐Controlled Self‐Organization of Perylene Bisimide Dyes (2013)

Organogels: Dimerization of perylene bisimide dyes through an oligomethylene linker enabled the facile control over columnar and lamellar self-organized architectures by an odd/even effect with respect to the number of methylene groups. The difference in the self-organized architectures was shown to have an impact on their material morphologies, as well as charge-carrier mobilities (see scheme).
Effects of Stainless Steel Fillers on the Properties of Polycarboxylate Cement (1973)

I box pos to-a tempts have been made to improve the diametral compression test. chanical properties of a polycarboxylate The powder additive was a -200 mesh type nent by incorporation of various forms of 31 6L, annealed stainless steel. From a type inless steel as filler. Stainless steel was EN58 stainless steel, annealed, oxideand :sen for the initial experiments because of grease-free, electropolished fibers 1 to 2 mm ability to form an adhesive bond with this long and 0.05 mm in diameter were prepared. 'e of cement (MAZRAHI and SMITH, Br Dent The polycarboxylate cement liquid was a 42% 127:371, 1969). Two sets of experiments aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid of averve been done (BROWN and COMBE, J Dent age molecular weight (about 45,000). The s 50:190, 1971): the effect of a stainless powder was heat-treated zinc oxide. el powder on the resistance of the composite Results are shown in Figures 1 and 2. For compressive loads and the effect of fibers any zinc oxide-liquid ratio, an increase in the tensile strength, as measured by the compressive or tensile strength can be obtained if powder or fibers, respectively, are receive for publication May 20, 1972. incorporated. Lawrence and Smith (IADR Program and Abstracts of Papers, No. 382, 1972) recently reported a similar increase in 90% /8% tensile strength with the incorporation of 80 6/50% stainless steel fibers. 80 25% It is believed, however, that the mechanism of reinforcement of this material is not simi/o% lar to the classical reinforcement of ductile 60 polymers by more rigid fillers. In the present instance, the matrix is brittle, and when stressed in tension, it cracks. The fibers can hold the pieces of cracked matrix together, 40 until or unless the load is sufficient to cause pull-out of the fibers. For the future, it seems that one of two alternative approaches may offer some hope 20 for developing improved materials. In the first 0 1 2 3 4 approach an entirely different powder would Zinc Oxide/Liquid Ratio be produced to react with the liquid, as in the FIG 1.Compressive strength of polycar_ recently developed glass ionomer cement late cement-stainless steel powder cor(WILSON and KENT, Br Dent J 132:133, 1972). itat Pcent t/ s tainless s teel In the second approach, a more ductile cezites.nPercentagscare w wtstinlesssteelmeant capable of reinforcement would be dezinc oxide powder. veloped.
SHOC1 and PTD form an XPF–ERCC1-like complex that is required for formation of class I crossovers (2011)

Two distinct pathways for meiotic crossover formation coexist in most eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis SHOC1 protein is required for class I crossovers and shows sequence similarity with the XPF endonuclease family. Active XPF endonucleases form a heterodimer with ERCC1 proteins. Here, we show that PTD, an ERCC1-like protein, is required for class-I-interfering crossovers along with SHOC1, MSH4, MSH5, MER3 and MLH3. SHOC1 interacts with PTD in a two-hybrid assay, through its XPF-like nuclease-(HhH)(2) domain. We propose that a XPF-ERCC1-like heterodimer, represented by SHOC1 and PTD in Arabidopsis, involving Zip2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and C9orf84 in human, is required for formation of class I crossovers.
Asian emissions in 2006 for the NASA INTEX-B mission (2009)

Abstract. A new inventory of air pollutant emissions in Asia in the year 2006 is developed to support the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B (INTEX-B) funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Emissions are estimated for all major anthropogenic sources, excluding biomass burning. We estimate total Asian anthropogenic emissions in the year 2006 as follows: 47.1 Tg SO2, 36.7 Tg NOx, 298.2 Tg CO, 54.6 Tg NMVOC, 29.2 Tg PM10, 22.2 Tg PM2.5, 2.97 Tg BC, and 6.57 Tg OC. We emphasize emissions from China because they dominate the Asia pollutant outflow to the Pacific and the increase of emissions from China since 2000 is of great concern. We have implemented a~series of improved methodologies to gain a better understanding of emissions from China, including a detailed technology-based approach, a dynamic methodology representing rapid technology renewal, critical examination of energy statistics, and a new scheme of NMVOC speciation for model-ready emissions. We estimate China's anthropogenic emissions in the year 2006 to be as follows: 31.0 Tg SO2, 20.8 Tg NOx, 166.9 Tg CO, 23.2 Tg NMVOC, 18.2 Tg PM10, 13.3 Tg PM2.5, 1.8 Tg BC, and 3.2 Tg OC. We have also estimated 2001 emissions for China using the same methodology and found that all species show an increasing trend during 2001–2006: 36% increase for SO2, 55% for NOx, 18% for CO, 29% for VOC, 13% for PM10, and 14% for PM2.5, BC, and OC. Emissions are gridded at a resolution of 30 min×30 min and can be accessed at our web site (http://mic.greenresource.cn/intex-b2006).
Model-based testing of embedded systems in hardware in the loop environment (2012)

The evolution of software testing technologies has significantly reduced software testing execution times, but the test design and generation are still often implemented with slow manual-oriented methods. Model-based testing (MBT) offers automation to test design and generation, and different MBT solutions are familiar from research, but more effort needs to be done to adopt MBT for industrial use. Hardware in the loop (HIL) is a simulation and testing technique used in the development and testing of embedded systems. HIL is a challenging application field for MBT due to complex and non-deterministic nature of some embedded systems. To tackle this problem, the authors present a novel prototype platform in which online and offline MBT is applied to HIL environment. MBT in general has been introduced for HIL in scientific literature before, but the application of online MBT in HIL is a novel approach. The whole novel MBT in HIL prototype platform along with the used MBT tool, platform architecture and MBT process are presented accompanied by experimental results and analysis of two case studies with an example embedded system under test.
Long-term clinical outcome of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti-Yo antibodies (2000)

The outcome of 34 women with anti-Yo-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration was reviewed. Three patients had not developed cancer after more than 4 years of follow-up. The only independent predictor for survival was the type of associated tumor (risk ratio, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.12). Median survival was 100 months for patients with breast cancer and 22 for those with gynecologic cancer. Although paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration leads to the diagnosis of cancer in 63% of the patients, cancer progression was the cause of death in 52%.
Synthesis and circular dichroism studies of N,N‐bis(2‐quinolylmethyl)amino acid Cu(II) complexes: Determination of absolute configuration and enantiomeric excess by the exciton coupling method (2002)

We report a method to determine the absolute configuration of alpha-amino acids by exciton coupled circular dichroism (ECCD). Naturally occurring amino acids were successfully derivatized with 2-bromomethylquinoline. Complexation of these conformationally flexible ligands with Cu(II) salts yielded defined propeller-like structures. The direction of the twist (i.e., the relative orientation of the chromophores to each other) is governed by the asymmetric amino acid carbon center. The transition moments of the chromophores couple and yield a bisignate circular dichroism spectrum, the sign of which corresponds to the absolute configuration of the chiral center of the amino acid. Enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of amino acid derivatives is linearly related to the differential extinction coefficient Delta(epsilon) and can be assessed easily utilizing a standard curve. This efficient, sensitive technique requires low analyte concentrations, offers several advantages over established methods, and could be applied in medicinal, pharmaceutical, or chemical retail and manufacturing industry.
TU-AB-303-03: CBCT-Based On-Site Simulation, Planning, and Delivery (OSPD) for Whole Brain Radiotherapy (2015)

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of a CBCT-based on-site simulation, planning, and delivery (OSPD) for whole brain radiotherapy, in which all steps from imaging, planning to treatment delivery are performed at the treatment unit in one appointment time slot. This work serves as the proof of concept for future OSPD single fraction radiation therapy. Methods: An integrated on-site imaging, planning and delivery workflow was developed and tested for whole brain radiotherapy. An automated two-opposed-oblique-beam plan is created by utilizing the treatment planning system scripting and simple field-in-field IMRT. The IMRT plan is designed with maximum 8 control points to cover the target volume consisting of the brain to C1/C2 of the spinal cord, with dose homogeneity criteria from −5% to +7% of the prescription dose. Due to inaccuracy of reconstructed Hounsfield unit numbers in CBCT images, the dose distribution is calculated with non-heterogeneity correction introducing only clinically insignificant dose discrepancy. A coherent and synchronized workflow was designed for a team of attending physician, physicist, therapists, and dosimetrist to work closely with the ability to quickly modify, approve, and implement the treatment. Results: Thirty-one patients have been treated with this OSPD treatment, without compromising the plan quality compared to our regular clinically used parallel apposed 2D plans. The average time for these procedures are 48.02 ±11.55 minutes from the time patient entered the treatment room until s/he exited, and 35.09 ±10.35 minutes from starting CBCT until last beam delivered. This time duration is comparable to the net time when individual tasks are summed up during our regular CT- based whole brain planning and delivery. Conclusions: The OSPD whole brain treatment has been tested to be clinically feasible. The next step is to further improve the efficiency and to streamline the workflow. Other disease sites will be also tested with this new technology.
Real time viability detection of bacterial spores (2023)

This invention relates to a process for detecting the presence of viable bacterial spores in a sample and to a spore detection system, the process including placing a sample in a germination medium for a period of time sufficient for commitment of any present viable bacterial spores to occur, mixing the sample with a solution of a lanthanide capable of forming a fluorescent complex with dipicolinic acid, and, measuring the sample for the presence of dipicolinic acid, and the system including a germination chamber having inlets from a sample chamber, a germinant chamber and a bleach chamber, the germination chamber further including an outlet through a filtering means, the outlet connected to a detection chamber, the detection chamber having an inlet from a fluorescence promoting metal chamber and the detection chamber including a spectral excitation source and a means of measuring emission spectra from a sample, the detection chamber further connected to a waste chamber. A germination reaction mixture useful for promoting commitment of any viable bacterial spores in a sample including a combination of L-alanine, L-asparagine and D-glucose is also described.
The use of basiliximab in solid organ transplantation (2002)

The risk of acute rejection is at its highest early post-transplant. The use of various antibodies early after transplant achieves potent immunosuppression to prevent acute rejection, allowing the clinician the opportunity to optimise baseline immunosuppressive management and to delay the use of nephrotoxic agents (calcineurin inhibitors), while the graft reaches a baseline function. Basiliximab (Simulect trade mark, Novartis) is a monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to the alpha-subunit of the human high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2r) complex, consequently inhibiting interleukin-2 (IL-2) binding. IL-2 receptors are selectively expressed on the surface of the activated lymphocytes. Administration of basiliximab inhibits IL-2 mediated activation of lymphocytes, a critical pathway involved in allograft rejection. Several clinical studies have shown that basiliximab administration as an induction agent significantly reduces the incidence of acute rejection, even in high risk patients. In addition, basiliximab is well-tolerated with minimal side effects.
The content and composition of the essential oil Found inCarum carviL. commercial fruits obtained from different countries (2012)

Caraway (Carum carvi L., Apiaceae) is a very popular spice and herb, which is widely applied in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Variations in the essential oil content and composition in twenty commercial caraway samples obtained from retail pharmacies and health shops in different countries were determined using hydrodistillation and capillary GC techniques. The essential oil yields ranged from 0.6% to 5.4%. Eighteen compounds, comprising more than 97% of the composition of oil, were identified in the caraway essential oils. The main components of the oils in caraway seeds were carvone (44.5–95.9%) and limonene (1.5–51.3%). Between the content of carvone and limonene the negative correlation -0.999 (p<0.01) was found. Additionally, β-myrcene (0–0.4%), trans-dihydrocarvone (0–0.5%), and trans-carveole (0–0.2%), as well as α-pinene, sabinene, n-octanal, trans-β-ocimene, γ-terpinene, linalool, cis- and trans-limonene oxide, cis-dihydrocarvone, cis-carveol, perillaldehyde, trans-anethole, and trans-β-caryophyllene were found in caraway oils. The content and composition of the essential oils in commercial caraway seeds is remarkably variable and conformed with the European Pharmacopoeia standards only in four samples among the 20 commercial caraway samples studied. The carvone and carvone-limonene chemotypes were found.
Thread fusion (2008)

This work proposes Thread Fusion as an effective way of reducing power consumption when a Simultaneous Multi-Threaded (SMT) core is executing two threads from a homogeneous parallel application. Two dynamic instances of the same static instruction, each from a different thread are merged (fused) into a single instruction, consuming half of the resources of front-end pipeline stages. When the fused instruction is executed, it is cloned and it proceeds at full bandwidth. Our simulation results show average energy reduction of 10% with less than 1% impact on performance.
Fire detection using a dynamically developed neural network (2010)

Early warning systems are critical in providing emergency response in the event of unexpected hazards. Cheap cameras and improvements in memory and computing power have enabled the design of fire detectors using video surveillance systems. This is critical in scenarios where traditional smoke detectors cannot be installed. In such scenarios, it has been observed that the smoke is visible well before flames can be sighted. This paper proposes a method to detect fire flame and/or smoke in real-time by processing the video data generated by ordinary camera monitoring a scene. The objective of this work is recognizing and modeling fire shape evolution in stochastic visual phenomenon. It focuses on detection of fire in image sequences by applying a hybrid algorithm that depends on optimizing the structure of a feed forward neural network. Fire detection experiments using various algorithms were carried. Results show that the proposed algorithm is very successful in detecting fire and/or smoke.
Forces involved in lower limb lengthening: An in vivo biomechanical study (2006)

Despite improvements in surgical techniques for limb-lengthening procedures, the complication rate remains high. Bone fixators must cope with the forces involved during treatment, providing sufficient strength to maintain integrity of the limb in the course of lengthening, while permitting some "micromotion" across the bone gap that could enhance healing during the final phase of bone consolidation. This study reports on the forces generated during limb lengthening in the distraction and consolidation phases. Forces were measured on 19 patients between 6 and 22 years of age with 10 femoral and 11 tibial lengthenings of 1 mm/day by means of a monotube external fixator, fitted diaphysially, and modified to measure tension and weight-bearing forces. Peak force measured during the lengthening period amounted to about 14 N/kg of body mass. Generally, distraction forces leveled off at between 8 and 10 N/kg of body mass. During the consolidation period, the average force carried by the fixator dropped from 55% initially to about 10% of the force transmitted to the ground, consistent with increased load carrying capacity of the bone as healing progressed. Studying the forces involved in limb lengthening is important to gain knowledge of the forces required to overcome the resistance offered by the tissues that bridge the osteotomy site, to understand the biology of distraction osteogenesis and histiogenesis across the regenerate over time, and to provide scientific guidelines for frame removal.
Input assignment algorithm for decoded-PLAs with multi-input decoders (2003)

A heuristic algorithm for assigning input variables to the decoders of a decoded-programmable logic array (PLA) is presented. In this algorithm, the number of inputs to each decoder is not restricted to two and the area overhead incurred by using multi-input decoders is considered in the cost function. Experimental results show that the areas of multi-input decoded-PLAs designed by this algorithm are smaller in many cases than those of decoded-PLAs with two-input decoders or standard PLAs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optimization of aqueous extraction and spray drying conditions for efficient processing of hibiscus blended rosehip tea powder (2018)

The present study aimed to optimize extraction and spray-drying conditions used to produce rosehip tea powder from a blend of rosehip fruit and hibiscus. The optimum conditions of the extraction and spray drying processes were investigated using response surface methodology. The responses of the optimization were the ascorbic acid (AA) and total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) content of the products. Optimal parameters for the extraction process were determined to be 5.3% loading ratio for 5.4 min at 64 °C. For the spray-drying process, an inlet air temperature of 130 °C, outlet air temperature of 85 °C, and 18.4% maltodextrin ratio was found to be optimal. The powders produced at these conditions were stored at 4 °C and ambient temperature for 90 days to test the stability of AA and TMA. The degradation rates at 4 °C and at ambient temperature were found to be 41.4 and 48.2% for AA and 23.3 and 37% for TMA, respectively. Practical applications Nowadays there is a significant increase in the use of foods that are easy to prepare for consumption or ready for direct consumption. When consumers choose these products, they consider both ease of use and product quality. Tea bag and similar products are one of the most widespread product groups in this area. However, there are some disadvantages such as the waste problem and inadequate brewing conditions in use of these products. The solution of these problems requires alternative methods to prepare the product. The transformation of rosehip tea into instant rosehip tea form at optimum conditions determined in the current study can be used as an alternative method to solve these problems.
The Expression OF Peptide Hormones in Normal Cells and Tumour Cells (1991)

Insight in the mechanisms of peptide hormone expression has grown explosively by elucidation of gene, mRNA and preprohormone structures for most hormone systems during the 1980s. In addition, information about the structure and substrate specificity of many prohormone processing enzymes is rapidly accumulating in these years. The preprohormones vary considerably in size and organization from poly- to monoprotein structures. According to the structural organization and sequence homology the hormones are grouped in families. The prohormones are processed to bioactive peptides by multiple enzymatic modifications during the intracellular transport from the rough endoplasmatic reticulum to the mature secretory granules. The modifications comprise different proteolytic cleavages and amino acid derivatizations. The same prohormone may be expressed in several different cell types that process the precursor in entirely different ways. Awareness of such cell-specific processing patterns is important for the understanding of ectopic synthesis in neuroendocrine tumours.
Analysis and experiment of flat-footed passive dynamic walker with ankle inerter (2011)

To use biped walking as a locomotion method, many researchers have studied biped robots achieving high-performance walking. Many latest biped robots have arc-shaped feet to achieve more high-performance walking. However, the biped robots have many problems due to the arc-shaped feet. To overcome these problems, flat feet with elasticity and viscosity at ankles have been proposed, and it was shown that biped robots with the flat feet achieve high-performance walking. In this paper, for biped robots to achieve more high-efficient and high-speed walking, we propose a novel foot of biped robots which has an inerter in addition to the spring and the damper at the ankle. By several simulations and experiments of passive dynamic walking, we show that the biped robot with our proposed flat feet realizes more excellent walking than conventional ones.