gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 173: Targeted killing of cancer stem-like cells by a novel analogue of curcumin (2011)

Abstract The existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer stem-like cells in a tumor mass is believed to be responsible for tumor recurrence because of their intrinsic and extrinsic drug-resistance characteristics. Therefore, targeted killing of CSCs would be a newer strategy for the prevention of tumor recurrence and/or treatment by overcoming drug-resistance. We have developed a novel synthetic compound-CDF, which showed greater bioavailability in animal tissues such as pancreas, and also induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis, which was mediated by inactivation of NF-κB, COX-2, and VEGF in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. In the current study we showed, for the first time, that CDF could significantly inhibit the sphere-forming ability (pancreatospheres) of PC cells consistent with increased disintegration of pancreatospheres, which was associated with attenuation of CSC markers (CD44 and EpCAM), especially in gemcitabine-resistant (MIAPaCa-2) PC cells containing high proportion of CSCs consistent with increased miR-21 and decreased miR-200. Moreover, CDF treatment showed increased protein levels of phospho-β-catenin, and decreased levels of Wnt3a, β-catenin, LEF1, and CD44. In a xenograft mouse model of human PC, CDF treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth, which was associated with decreased NF-κB DNA binding activity, COX-2, Wnt3a, and miR-21 expression, and increased PTEN and miR-200 expression in tumor remnants. These results strongly suggest that the anti-tumor activity of CDF is associated with inhibition of CSC function via down-regulation of CSC-associated signaling pathways. Therefore, CDF could be useful for the prevention of tumor recurrence and/or treatment of PC with better treatment outcome in the future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 173. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-173
Atherosclerotic disease and risk factor modification in Saudi Arabia: a call to action (2012)

The level of physician awareness of atherosclerosis risk reduction therapy across Saudi Arabia has revealed knowledge and action gaps. A call to action to implement effective strategies to encourage health professionals to use risk reduction therapy and increase public awareness is needed.
Human Body Posture via Hierarchical Evolutionary Optimization (2006)

This paper presents an evolutionary approach to estimating upper-body posture from multi-view markerless sequences. We fit a 24-dof skeleton model to sparse 3-D stereo data from an array of cameras. We use a particle swarm optimization algorithm which is intrinsically parallel, can incorporate constraints and does not require motion models. We subdivide the high-dimensional search space based on limb dynamics from application sequences and perform hierarchical fitting from the least to the most uncertain body parts. We show experimentally the advantages of this scheme against non-hierarchical optimization in terms of sharper error decrease. We report results with 3-D scanner data of a model human and noisy, calibrated stereo disparity maps of a real videoconferencing scene. 1 Introduction and motivation This paper presents an evolutionary approach to estimating upper-body posture from multi-view markerless sequences. Our reference application is immersive videoconferencing, which aims to create an impression of presence, or co-location, among a group of participants situated at different geographical locations but meeting in a common, augmented reality space [17, 18, 19]. Vital for presence are 3-D visual cues, e.g., rendering figures consistently with the instantaneous viewer’s viewpoint. This requires estimates of the 3-D structure of the scene, which is typically done by multiview disparity analysis (see [1] and references above). Disparity maps (DMs) allow IBR-oriented systems to perform novel view synthesis consistent with the target viewpoint. A major problem is to achieve in real time DMs of the moving human body with sufficiently high quality, as typical immersive environments use large screens. Notice that videoconferencing setups rarely allow high numbers of cameras surrounding the scene [2]; occlusions created by gestures make DMs sparse. Assuming suitable computing power, integrating bottom-up disparities with body models can yield superior quality DMs. Previously, only local DM enhancement has been attempted by infilling [3, 4]. In order to further this idea, we intend to fit human body models to DMs of multi-view videoconferencing sequences. This paper concentrates on the first step, skeleton fitting for posture estimation, and introduces a novel evolutionary approach to the high-dimensional optimization problems typical of body model fitting with markerless sequences. 1
[Evaluation of transhepatic artery chemotherapy for highly advanced hepatocellular carcinoma]. (2010)

We conducted transhepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI) was on 62 patients with highly advanced hepatocellular carcinoma without distant metastases and therapeutic outcome was compared with 18 who were untreated. TAI significantly prolonged the survival of the patients, and was the most important prognostic factor on multivariate analysis. The following 3 regimens for trans-arterial injection were compared: A, a combination of a bolus hepatic artery injection of 3 agents (cisplatin, mitomycin-C and epirubicin)+low dose 5-fluorouracil+cisplatin (FP); B, low-dose FP alone; and C, bolus intrahepatic artery injection of the above 3 agents combined without FP. Regimen A yielded in the most effective survival rate, with an efficacy rate of 41.6% and a CR of about 20%. These results indicate that TAI is an effective therapeutic modality, and the dose FP combined with a bolus intrahepatic arterial infusion may improve outcomes in advanced liver cancer.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial properties of multifunctional hindered amine light stabilizers (2008)

包含 N-halamine 一半的一系列新奇的妨碍的胺光 stabilizers 被设计并且综合。他们的结构被英尺红外， 1H NMR，和 MS 描绘。混合物对 Candida albicans，葡萄球菌 aureus，和 Escherichia coli 为抗菌剂活动被测试。在 0.5 mmol/L 的集中，这些混合物都对细菌的所有三种类型展出了令人满意的抗菌剂活动。
Field perceptions of the Vision Initiative for Children's preschool vision screening training model (2006)

Because lay vision screeners rarely receive formal training in how to screen vision and because older children were seen in clinic with vision disorders that should have been detected earlier through vision screening, a pediatric ophthalmologist and the researcher created the Vision Initiative for Children (VIC) in 2001 as a statewide program of the West Virginia University Eye Institute. VIC has trained, equipped, and provided ongoing support to lay individuals who are mandated or want to screen preschoolers' vision. This program evaluation study explored, from the perspective of Head Start personnel, whether VIC prepares Head Start personnel to screen preschoolers' vision and whether participants encountered screening experiences that were not discussed during VIC's workshop. Forty-seven participants, representing 8 of the state's 24 Head Start grantees, completed an evaluation at the end of each workshop; 27 completed a postworkshop evaluation after screening vision. The workshop evaluation captured perceptions of the instructional content and delivery system, the instructor's skills in teaching and delivering the content, and the logistical arrangements. The postworkshop evaluation captured perceptions of the workshop after screening vision. This study also explored whether participants learned new vision screening knowledge, as measured by the difference between pretest and posttest scores administered at the workshop; whether they maintained knowledge, as measured by the difference in scores between the workshop posttest and a 3-month posttest; and which of VIC's job aids they preferred. Results yielded positive perceptions and indicated that participants learned and maintained a significant amount of knowledge, regardless of education. Participants preferred a flowchart (96%) and handout packet (92%) over a web site (15%) as job aids for transferring learning from the workshop to the workplace. Results indicated that 44% of participants encountered no vision screening experiences that were not discussed during the workshop; 56% encountered distracting screening environments, uncooperative younger children, and concerns that pediatricians, in follow-up exams, reported vision was "good" although children failed vision screening. Additionally, 92% of participants reported that animated Microsoft PowerPoint slides enhanced their learning, 96% reported that receiving instructor feedback during practice enhanced their learning, 100% reported that practicing tests were necessary parts of a vision screening workshop, and 98% reported that an instructor's modeling and demonstration of tests were necessary parts of a vision screening workshop.
Real-World ISAR Object Recognition Using Deep Multimodal Relation Learning (2019)

Real-world inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) object recognition is a critical and challenging problem in computer vision tasks. In this article, an efficient real-world ISAR object recognition method is proposed, namely, real-world ISAR object recognition (RIOR), based on deep multimodal relation learning (DMRL). It cannot only handle the complex multimodal recognition problem efficiently but also exploit the relations among the features, attributes, labels, and classes with semantic knowledge: 1) an adaptive multimodal mechanism (AMM) is proposed in convolutional neural network (CNN) to substantially promote the CNN sampling and transformation capability and significantly raise the output feature map resolutions by keeping almost all of the information; 2) deep attribute relation graph learning (DARGL) is proposed to jointly estimate the large numbers of heterogeneous attributes and collaboratively explore the relations among the features, attributes, labels, and classes with common knowledge graphs; and 3) relational-regularized convolutional sparse learning (RCSL) is proposed to further achieve good translation invariance and improve the accuracy and speed of the entire system. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments are performed on two real-world ISAR datasets, demonstrating that RIOR outperforms the state-of-the-art methods while running quickly.
Wifi on steroids: 802.11AC and 802.11AD (2013)

The advent of bandwidth-hungry wireless applications such as large file transfer, high definition video streaming, wireless display, and cellular data offload highlight the impending need for larger bandwidth and super speed WiFi links exceeding 1 Gb/s. This article introduces two emerging standards likely to shake the wireless world, namely IEEE 802.11ac and IEEE 802.11ad, and identifies the challenges in the path of multi-gigabit WiFi. We study the suitability of these standards for the new usage models enlisted in this article.
On the Variation in Web Page Download Traffic across Different Client Types (2014)

Modern web pages are diverse and complex. There is also a wide range of devices, operating systems, and browsers that users use to access these web pages. In this work, we study how web pages, and the traffic generated by their download, differ across these different client types. We conduct a preliminary study that performs a client-side analysis of the network traffic. We identify both expected and unexpected differences among similar web pages across different browser platforms that can be used to drive future internet measurement research and identify potential design decisions and/or bugs in modern browsers.
Impact of Visceral Adiposity as Well as Sarcopenic Factors on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases (2017)

Neither preoperative visceral adiposity nor low muscularity were poor prognostic factors in patients undergoing liver resection for CLM.
The effect of the photopolymerization method on the quality of composite resin samples (1998)

An optimal degree of conversion and minimal polymerization shrinkage are generally antagonistic goals, as increased monomer conversion invariably leads to elevated polymerization shrinkage values. However, both parameters are indispensable for an optimal resin composite restoration. A number of approaches have been used to reduce the stress on the restoration cavity wall interface, such as dentine bonding agents to counteract polymerization shrinkage, stress-absorbing lining materials and low-intensity curing lights to control the flow capacity of the material during polymerization. However, the configuration of the cavity and cohesive fractures of the material and surrounding tooth tissues are still a problem in day-to-day clinical practice. A new photopolymerization light source, pulsed laser, ensures a higher degree of conversion and lower polymerization shrinkage, and differentiates this technique from standard polymerization methods and continuous-wave argon laser polymerization. The coherence and monochromacity of pulsed laser light set at 468 nm and the far greater intensity of laser nanopulses produce a saturation effect in the depths of the composite, thus resulting in higher monomer conversion. The total amount of energy illuminating the sample surface, which is only one-fifth of that of conventional methods, and the cooling and relaxation of the material between nanopulses may be responsible for the reduced net polymerization shrinkage.
HYPERVALENT IODINE IN SYNTHESIS 55: AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF ARYL SULFIDES BY PALLADIUM-CATALYZED REACTION OF HYPERVALENT IODONIUM SALTS WITH MERCAPTANS (2001)

The synthesis of aryl sulfides was carried out in high yields by the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of diaryliodonium salts with mercaptans at room temperature in THF.
P0144LOW-ENERGY SHOCKWAVE TREATMENT PROMOTES ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELL HOMING TO THE STENOTIC PIG KIDNEY (2020)

Abstract Background and Aims Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) patrol the circulation and contribute to endothelial cell regeneration and tissue revascularization. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) induces microvascular loss in the stenotic kidney. A regimen of low–energy shockwave therapy (SW) induces angiogenesis and reduces chronic ischemia, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that SW increases EPCs homing to the stenotic kidney and increases renal capillary regeneration in a unilateral ARAS swine model. Method Domestic pigs were randomized to normal control or unilateral ARAS (induced by a local irritant coil in the renal artery and a high-fat diet). ARAS pigs were treated with low-energy SW (0.1 mJ/mm2) or sham (n=6 each group), bi-weekly for 3 consecutive weeks, starting after 3 weeks of ARAS. Blood samples for EPCs (CD34+ and KDR+ by flow cytometry) and the homing factor SDF-1 were collected 4 weeks after completion of SW treatment from the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the stenotic kidney (STK) vein and artery. Urine was collected from the urinary bladder. Kidneys were studied ex vivo for morphology and expression of an endothelial cell marker (CD31) and the pro- angiogenic growth factor angiopoietin (Ang)-1. Results In ARAS, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular score, urinary protein, serum creatinine and mean arterial pressure were significantly increased and capillary count (Fig. 1A) decreased (P&amp;lt;0.05 vs. control), but all markedly improved in ARAS+SW (P&amp;lt;0.05 vs. ARAS). EPC number was decreased in the IVC and renal artery of ARAS pigs (Fig. 1B), but improved in ARAS+SW. SDF-1 levels in the IVC, STK vein and artery, and Ang-1 expression in the kidney of ARAS+SW, were all increased (P&amp;lt;0.05 vs. ARAS). Conclusion Low-energy shockwave improves ischemic kidney capillary density, which is associated with and may be at least in part mediated by promoting EPC mobilization and homing to the stenotic kidney.
Ray-direction velocities in VTI media (2012)

ABSTRACT Two-point ray tracing in anisotropic media requires the group and phase velocities to be calculated along ray directions available at each step of a ray bending algorithm. This computation, usually done iteratively or through velocity tables, becomes exceedingly involved for shear-waves that have multivalued group-velocity surfaces, such as in the presence of triplications on the SV wavefronts in vertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media. The difficulties encountered in computing the SV-wave velocities for a given ray direction can be circumvented by solving a polynomial equation whose real-valued roots provide the phase directions of the P- and either one or three SV-waves propagating along a selected ray; those phase directions then allow the group and phase velocities to be computed in a standard fashion. I construct the polynomial and supply computer codes implementing its solution, the codes that can be used in two-point ray-tracing software to improve its performance.
Studies on the Drugs against Refractory Diseases. Part 2. Anti-cancer Activities of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]indole Derivatives. (2000)

The structure activity relationship (SAR) in the anti-cancer activities of pyrazolo[1,5-a]indole derivatives was investigated, and the following conclusions were obtained: 1) N(1)-quaternarization is essential for anti-cancer activity, 2) the size and polarity of the 2-substituent is crucial for in vitro activity which allows further investigation in an in vivo test, 3) the effect of the 4-substituent on the activity is minor compared with the other two factors.
Zonal changes in renal structure and phospholipid metabolism in potassium-deficient rats. (1976)

Morphologic alterations and membrane metabolism were studied in the kidneys of rats fed a low potassium diet. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy following perfusion-fixation of kidneys revealed that the earliest morphologic change occurs in cells of the papillary tip in which multivesicular bodies, a specific type to lysosome, appear after 1 day. Increased depletion leads to extension of the lesion to all cells of the papilla. After 1 week, a narrow band of hyperplasia in the inner red medulla appears; this band is characterized by adenomatous proliferation of intercalated and light cells and partial obstruction of collecting tubules. These alterations and cortical growth in the normal pattern result in increased renal weight. New membrane formation for lysosomes and growing cells was studied by measuring the rate of [14C]choline incorporation into phospholipid in slices from five zones of the kidney. In the papilla the rate increased 39 per cent after 18 hours, the earliest change detected. After 36 hours the rate increased in inner red medulla by 28 per cent, inner cortex by 25 per cent and outer cortex by 40 per cent. [14C]choline was a specific precursor of the three renal phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. The relative distribution of the label did not change with growth induced by potassium depletion. The results indicate that potassium depletion induces early increases in the formation of cell membrane phospholipid which correlate with specific morphologic changes in different zones within the kidney.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF ATOMIZATION AND FUEL DROP SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN HIGH-SPEED PRIMARY BREAKUP (2018)

The fundamental physical process of an atomizing spray produced by a pulsed injector plays a crucial role in analyzing the combustion dynamics in many propulsion-related applications. A full understanding of the primary atomization process has not been achieved for several reasons, including difficulties in visualizing the optically dense region. Due to the recent advances in numerical methods and computing resources, high-resolution simulations of atomizing flows are becoming available to provide new insights into the complex process. In the present study, an unstructured, unsplit volume-of-fluid (VoF) method is employed to model the liquid/gas interface and droplet formation dynamics for a single pulsed-injection event issued from a complex diesel injector. Two single-component reference fuels, n-paraffin (n-dodecane) and isoparaffin (isooctane), were selected to study the influence of hydrocarbon fuel properties on the spray formation mechanisms. The spray is released into a quiescent environment filled with nitrogen gas at 20 bar and 300 K. The fuel transport properties at peak conditions for the cases considered are in the range of 6.9 × 103 < Re < 2.5 × 104, 5.4 × 104 < We < 1.25 × 105, and 0.01 < Oh < 0.03 and set the spray in a transitional atomization regime. The simulations provide microscopic-level detail of the liquid/gas interface dynamics and droplet formation process with quantified statistics from first principles. Comparisons with experimental measurements and theory demonstrate the validity of the interface-capturing approach and provide a novel analysis tool to explore the underlying breakup physics.
Human IMR‐32 neuroblastoma cells as a model cell line in Alzheimer's disease research (1994)

The present study investigated expression and processing of amyloid precursor protein by neuronally differentiated IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells. APP mRNA in these cells was found to consist of approximately 58% APP695, 38% APP751, and < 4% APP770. APP-immunoreactive bands detected in western blots of cellular protein extracts were only detected by anti-APP antibodies to peptides with strong homology to APLP2, suggesting that these bands represent APP-like proteins and not APP itself. This result suggests that previous studies claiming immunodetection of cellular forms of APP may have to be re-evaluated. Four main species of C-terminal truncated, secreted APP were detected in blots of protein extracts from medium conditioned by these cells. The immunoreactive profile of these bands suggested a cleavage site N-terminal to the Lys16-Leu17 bond of alpha-secretase. This, together with differences in number and molecular mass of APP-immunoreactive bands between secreted APP from IMR-32 cells and that from the commonly used PC-12 cells, suggests differences in APP processing between these two neuronally differentiated cell lines. In theory, IMR-32 cells being of human neuronal origin may be a more appropriate cell line to study APP-processing in relation to Alzheimer's disease than the rat phaeochromocytoma PC-12 cell line. Therefore, these detected differences warrant further investigation. Additionally IMR-32 cells under certain tissue culture conditions can form intracellular fibrillary material that reacts with anti-PHF specific antibodies. Neuronally differentiated IMR-32 cells could therefore be used as a model system to investigate possible interactions between APP-processing and PHF formation.
Diabetic and nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have an impaired incretin effect and fasting hyperglucagonaemia (2016)

Patients with NAFLD have a reduced incretin effect and fasting hyperglucagonaemia, with the latter occurring independently of glucose (in)tolerance.