gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional activation of human (2′–5′)oligoadenylate synthetase gene expression by the phorbol ester 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol 13‐acetate in type‐I‐interferon‐treated HL‐60 and HeLa cells (1992)

(2'-5')Oligoadenylate [(2'-5')(A)n] synthetase is a key enzyme in the interferon-elicited antiviral response whose controlled expression in interferon-treated cells has been only partially elucidated. In this investigation, we have compared the modulation of the (2'-5')(A)n synthetase gene by interferon alone and by the combination of interferon and a second cellular effector, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Although TPA alone had no effect on (2'-5')(A)n synthetase, it potentiated the induction of (2'-5')(A)n of synthetase by interferon in HL-60 and HeLa cells by increasing content of its mRNA and an immunoreactive 40-kDa isoenzyme. Since TPA activates protein kinase C (PKC), other PKC-activating phorbol-ester analogues were tested and found to be effective, whereas the PKC inhibitor staurosporine reduced the potentiative activity of TPA. By using the (2'-5')(A)n synthetase gene promoter linked to a reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), TPA and interferon were found to result in a doubling of CAT activity compared to cells treated with interferon alone. Moreover, when nuclear extracts prepared from control cells or cells treated with TPA and interferon (IFN), separately or together, were incubated with radioactively labeled oligodeoxynucleotides containing the interferon-responsive element (IRE), TPA was shown to down-regulate an IFN-inducible IRE/protein complex. These data further suggest that TPA regulates (2'-5')(A)n synthetase gene expression at the level of transcription.
Updated optical design and trade-off study for MOONS, the Multi-Object Optical and Near Infrared spectrometer for the VLT (2014)

This paper presents the latest optical design for the MOONS triple-arm spectrographs. MOONS will be a Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph and will be installed on one of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescopes (VLT). Included in this paper is a trade-off analysis of different types of collimators, cameras, dichroics and filters.
Defining and computing curve-skeletons with medial geodesic function (2006)

Many applications in geometric modeling, computer graphics, visualization and computer vision benefit from a reduced representation called curve-skeletons of a shape. These are curves possibly with branches which compactly represent the shape geometry and topology. The lack of a proper mathematical definition has been a bottleneck in developing and applying the the curve-skeletons. A set of desirable properties of these skeletons has been identified and the existing algorithms try to satisfy these properties mainly through a procedural definition. We define a function called medial geodesic on the medial axis which leads to a methematical definition and an approximation algorithm for curve-skeletons. Empirical study shows that the algorithm is robust against noise, operates well with a single user parameter, and produces curve-skeletons with the desirable properties. Moreover, the curve-skeletons can be associated with additional attributes that follow naturally from the definition. These attributes capture shape eccentricity, a local measure of how far a shape is away from a tubular one.
A 0.45-V 70-nW QRS Detector Using Decimated Quadratic Spline Wavelet Transform and Window-based Extrema Difference Techniques (2019)

This work presents a 70-nW QRS detector implemented in 0.45-V 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The algorithm is optimized with decimated quadratic spline wavelet transform (DQSWT) and window-based extrema difference curve (WEDC). The DQSWT achieves up to 60% computational unit reduction when compared to the conventional method, while the WEDC enhances the QRS detection accuracy while maintaining a low computational complexity. Combined with a decisionmaking stage with simple mechanism, the proposed algorithm achieves a sensitivity of 99.62% and a precision of 99.70% in MIT-BIH arrhythmia database.
A New Approach to Hospital Information Systems: The Design of Hospital Report Generators for Statistical Reports to Agencies Outside the Individual Hospital (2016)

EVERY HOSPITAL, whether its personnel realize it or not, has an information system. It may range in equipment from a telecommunications and computer equipment system down to a set of slips of paper in the administrator's desk drawer, and in sophistication from a set of economic and patient welfare models, for which calculations are performed in real-time, down to head counts on a few items of data. As hospital operations have become more complex, the attention of administrators has been drawn to the actual costs of information systems. Dr. Charles Flagle of Johns Hopkins University has cited studies of information costs in hospitals which show that information-handling can involve about 20 percent of all costs of operating the hospital, and more than 40 percent of personnel time in some clinical services. Further, there has been a recognition of the benefits involved in paying attention to a hospital's information system. One hospital, by dint of an analysis and redesign of its charge system, found that billings increased 6 percent per month, with no corresponding change in patient load size or composition. As a result, there has been much discussion about how hospitals might achieve optimal information systems. Much of this discussion has centered
The stimulatory effect of CaCl2, NaCl and NH4NO3salts on the ssDNA-binding activity of RecA depends on nucleotide cofactor and buffer pH (2011)

The single-stranded DNA binding activity of the Escherichia coli RecA protein is crucial for homologous recombination to occur. This and other biochemical activities of ssDNA binding proteins may be affected by various factors. In this study, we analyzed the effect of CaCl(2), NaCl and NH(4)NO(3) salts in combination with the pH and nucleotide cofactor effect on the ssDNA-binding activity of RecA. The studies revealed that, in addition to the inhibitory effect, these salts exert also a stimulatory effect on RecA. These effects occur only under very strict conditions, and the presence or absence and the type of nucleotide cofactor play here a major role. It was observed that in contrast to ATP, ATPγS prevented the inhibitory effect of NaCl and NH(4)NO(3), even at very high salt concentration. These results indicate that ATPγS most likely stabilizes the structure of RecA required for DNA binding, making it resistant to high salt concentrations.
Laser-based hydrogen sulfide detection using near- and mid-infrared sources (2017)

Application of wavelength modulation spectroscopy to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection is discussed. Performance of a mid-infrared system operating at 7198 nm and a near-infrared setup operating at 1574.5 nm is demonstrated.
High contrast switchability of VO_2 based metamaterial absorbers with ITO ground plane (2017)

A metamaterial consisting of an array of gold micro-disks, separated from a ground plane of indium tin oxide (ITO) by a thin film of vanadium dioxide (VO2), behaves as a perfect absorber at infrared (IR) frequencies at room temperature. This metamaterial, which is transparent to visible light, can be switched to a highly reflecting state for IR light by heating the metamaterial to temperatures larger than the metal-insulator phase transition temperature 68°C of VO2. For a disk diameter of 1.5 μm and VO2 film thickness of 320 nm, two absorption bands are obtained: one, that arises from the metamaterial resonance; and a second peak that arises principally from a Fabry-Pérot resonance. A large change (>78%) occurs in the reflectivity between the low and high temperature phases. IR emittance of the metamaterial was measured with IR cameras and shown to be switchable to result in low emittance at high temperature. Optical readout of the state of VO2 within the metamaterial is demonstrated.
Epidemiological, clinical, and pathomorphological characteristics of epidemic poliomyelitis-like disease caused by enterovirus 71. (1979)

In May-September, 1975, an outbreak of epidemic disease clinically and pathomorphologically simulating nearly all known forms of poliomyelitis occurred predominantly among young infants in Bulgaria. Most cases presented benign aseptic meningitis, sometimes with a short period of general cerebra- symptoms. Paralytic forms, such as bulbar polioencephalitis, anterior poliomyelitis, isolated pareses of the facial nerve, occasional cases of encephalomyocarditis, etc., were observed in about 21% of all cases. Over one-fourth of the paralytic cases with bulbar symptoms ended fatally. In March, 1976 another sporadic fatal case of this disease was examined. No new cases occurred in 1977. Histopathological examinations in all fatal cases regularly revealed lesions in the grey matter of the medulla and spinal cord typical of acute anterior poliomyelitis and bulbar polioencephalitis, with some peculiar features of localization and depth of the involvement of the brain stem. The similarity to poliomyelitis and precariously rapid increase in the incidence led to the decision to urgently vaccinate the entire human population with Sabin's live poliovirus vaccine simultaneously in the whole country in order to produce interference with the circulating agent. This aim appeared to have been achieved partially because soon the number of new cases of the disease began to decrease; however, no sharp and complete break in the curve of the incidence occurred. By the time of mass vaccination, the results of virological examinations started before were not yet available. Later, comprehensive complete evidence was obtained that over 25 fatal and many other typical cases of the disease were associated with an enterovirus proved to be antigenically related to enterovirus 71. The diseases in Bulgaria, 1975, differ considerably in the frequency of paralytic forms and in severity from the epidemics caused by enterovirus 71 in Sweden, 1973, Australia, 1972--1973, USA, 1969--1972, and Japan, 1972--1973.
Evidence for B Cell Exhaustion in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (2018)

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) remains a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A number of studies support a role for B cells in the pathogenesis of cGvHD. In this study, we report the presence of an expanded population of CD19+CD21- B cells with features of exhaustion in the peripheral blood of patients with cGvHD. CD21- B cells were significantly increased in patients with active cGvHD compared to patients without cGvHD and healthy controls (median 12.2 versus 2.12 versus 3%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Compared with naïve (CD27-CD21+) and classical memory (CD27+CD21+) B cells, CD19+CD21- B cells in cGvHD were CD10 negative, CD27 negative and CD20hi, and exhibited features of exhaustion, including increased expression of multiple inhibitory receptors such as FCRL4, CD22, CD85J, and altered expression of chemokine and adhesion molecules such as CD11c, CXCR3, CCR7, and CD62L. Moreover, CD21- B cells in cGvHD patients were functionally exhausted and displayed poor proliferative response and calcium mobilization in response to B-cell receptor triggering and CD40 ligation. Finally, the frequencies of circulating CD21- B cells correlated with cGvHD severity in patients after HSCT. Our study further characterizes B cells in chronic cGVHD and supports the use of CD21-CD27-CD10- B cell frequencies as a biomarker of disease severity.
Disulfide bond formation between the active-site thiol and one of the several free thiol groups of chymopapain (1986)

Chymopapain, a cysteine protease of papaya latex, has been purified with the use of fast protein liquid chromatography. Two homogeneous fractions were analyzed for thiol content and thiol reactivity. It was found that peak 1 and peak 2 contained two and three thiol groups, respectively, per mole of enzyme. This result is inconsistent with the general belief that chymopapain contains one essential and one nonessential thiol group and suggests that a significant portion of the thiol groups was oxidized in the previous preparations. Such an oxidation can account for some of the inconsistent results reported in the literature. An irreversibly oxidized nonessential thiol group may modify the catalytic function of chymopapain especially if it is close to the active site. That one thiol group resides indeed in the vicinity of the essential thiol group is clearly demonstrated by the biphasic reactions of chymopapain with disulfide compounds such as 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide and 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate). In the first step of these reactions a mixed disulfide is formed between the enzyme and the reactant, which is followed by a first-order, intramolecular reaction leading to the liberation of the second half of the disulfide compound. Furthermore, on addition of one Hg2+ ion, 2 mol of thiol group, one essential and one nonessential, disappears concomitantly. Formation of a disulfide bond between the catalytically competent thiol group and another free thiol group of chymopapain under physiological conditions may be of regulatory importance.
Comprehensive characterization method for a fluorescence imaging system (2019)

Fluorescence imaging systems are regularly characterized by their ability to distinguish varying concentrations of fluorophores in a solution or tissue phantom. However, there is inadequate standardization in the field for fluorescence characterization. In this study, we characterize a fluorescence imaging system developed for pathogen detection, regarding its ability to detect a near-infrared dye. During this process, we vary a number of key factors involved in fluorescence imaging, such as the excitation intensity, background level, working distance, volume of fluorescent solution, and type of container used to hold the fluorescent solution. We then analyze the results, with statistical rigor, to determine which factors result in significant changes in fluorescence detection. Notably, we found that using different types of containers to hold the dye solution can have a significant impact on fluorescence detection, while the effects of working distance and excitation intensity can vary. Based on our findings, greater standardization, or at least more thorough reporting of the experimental setup, is recommended to researchers when publishing characterization results of new imaging systems.
Perivertebral B-Cell Lymphoma in a Queensland Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus adustus</i>) with Paralytic Symptoms in the Hind Limbs (2012)

A male Queensland koala (Phascolarctos cinereus adustus) at Kanazawa Zoological Gardens (Kanagawa, Japan) exhibited paralytic symptoms in the hind limbs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass on the left ventral side of the 11th to 13th thoracic vertebrae, and the presence of myelitis or edema in the spinal cord. The koala was under anesthesia during the examination and suddenly developed ventricular fibrillation and died. Necropsy revealed a firm flat ovoid hemorrhagic mass on the vertebrae. Following a microscopic examination including immunohistochemistry, the perivertebral mass was diagnosed as B cell lymphoma. Therefore, neoplastic cell infiltration into the spinal cord may cause paralytic symptoms in the hind limbs.
Conception, réalisation et application d'un magnétomètre atomique vectoriel (2014)

Several technologies of atomic magnetometers have been developed since the60s. To obtain a technology capable of measuring magnetic fields lower than 50 nT and compatible with our isotropic scalar magnetometer, we had todevelop an atomic magnetometer in a configuration that has never been published.We calculated the resonances characteristic of the magnetometer with the formalism of the dressed atom and realized a prototype. The noise of the resulting magnetometer is lower than 1 or 0.1 pT/√Hz, on the monoaxial or triaxial versions respectively.One way to reduce the noise of the magnetometer of 7 dB has been identified and the principle of this magnetometer could offer interesting perspectives for atomic clocks.
La vigueur conférée par le porte-greffe: hypothèses et pistes de recherches (2003)

National audience
Bitter taste receptor agonists elicit G‐protein‐dependent negative inotropy in the murine heart (2014)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key mediators in cardiovascular physiology, yet frontline therapies for heart disease target only a small fraction of the cardiac GPCR repertoire. Moreover, there is emerging evidence that GPCRs implicated in taste (Tas1r and Tas2rs) have specific functions beyond the oral cavity. Our recent description of these receptors in heart tissue foreshadows a potential novel role in cardiac cells. In this study, we identified novel agonist ligands for cardiac-Tas2rs to enable the functional investigation of these receptors in heart tissue. Five Tas2rs cloned from heart tissue were screened against a panel of 102 natural or synthetic bitter compounds in a heterologous expression system. We identified agonists for Tas2r108, Tas2r137, and Tas2r143 that were then tested in Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts (from 8-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice). All Tas2r agonists tested exhibited concentration-dependent effects, with agonists for Tas2r108 and Tas2r137, leading to a ∼40% decrease in left ventricular developed pressure and an increase in aortic pressure, respectively. These responses were abrogated in the presence of Gαi and Gβγ inhibitors (pertussis toxin and gallein). This study represents the first demonstration of profound Tas2r agonist-induced, G protein-dependent effects on mouse heart function.
Phenomic, Convergent Functional Genomic, and biomarker studies in a stress‐reactive genetic animal model of bipolar disorder and co‐morbid alcoholism (2008)

We had previously identified the clock gene D-box binding protein (Dbp) as a potential candidate gene for bipolar disorder and for alcoholism, using a Convergent Functional Genomics (CFG) approach. Here we report that mice with a homozygous deletion of DBP have lower locomotor activity, blunted responses to stimulants, and gain less weight over time. In response to a chronic stress paradigm, these mice exhibit a diametric switch in these phenotypes. DBP knockout mice are also activated by sleep deprivation, similar to bipolar patients, and that activation is prevented by treatment with the mood stabilizer drug valproate. Moreover, these mice show increased alcohol intake following exposure to stress. Microarray studies of brain and blood reveal a pattern of gene expression changes that may explain the observed phenotypes. CFG analysis of the gene expression changes identified a series of novel candidate genes and blood biomarkers for bipolar disorder, alcoholism, and stress reactivity.
Robust detection of immune transcripts in FFPE samples using targeted RNA sequencing (2016)

Current criteria for identifying cancer patients suitable for immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are subjective and prone to misinterpretation, as they mainly rely on the visual assessment of CD274 (best known as PD-L1) expression levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC). To address this issue, we developed a RNA sequencing (RNAseq)-based approach that specifically measures the abundance of immune transcripts in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens. Besides exhibiting superior sensitivity as compared to whole transcriptome RNAseq, our assay requires little starting material, implying that it is compatible with RNA degradation normally caused by formalin. Here, we demonstrate that a targeted RNAseq panel reliably profiles mRNA expression levels in FFPE samples from a cohort of ovarian carcinoma patients. The expression profile of immune transcripts as measured by targeted RNAseq in FFPE versus freshly frozen (FF) samples from the same tumor was highly concordant, in spite of the RNA quality issues associated with formalin fixation. Moreover, the results of targeted RNAseq on FFPE specimens exhibited a robust correlation with mRNA expression levels as measured on the same samples by quantitative RT-PCR, as well as with protein abundance as determined by IHC. These findings demonstrate that RNAseq profiling on archival FFPE tissues can be used reliably in studies assessing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
Paraparesis induced by inflammatory contents of a pneumonectomy cavity (2000)

The authors report on a patient who developed acute-onset paraparesis after underoing a thoracotomy 40 years earlier for a carcinoid adenoma. No infectious or neoplastic origin could be found to explain the patient's current clinical course and radiographic findings. The postoperative events in this case are discussed, as well as the literature regarding postthoracotomy complications.
Symmetrical GTO current source inverter for wide speed range control of 2300 to 4160 volt, 350 to 7000 HP, induction motors (2003)

A line of variable-speed 2300-4160 V, 350-7000 hp induction-motor drives for either fan or constant torque load applications is described. The drives are current-sourced, consisting of one or two six-pulse thyristor phase-controlled source converters in series, a DC link reactor, a six-pulse, symmetric-GTO (gate-turn-off), load inverter, a three-phase load capacitor in parallel with the induction motor. The drive features a wide speed range of operation, high inverter efficiency, and good motor current and voltage waveshape over the speed range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transparent Macroporous Polymer Monoliths (1996)

Free-radical polymerization of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) was carried out in the presence of a variety of porogens at room temperature, yielding transparent (macro)porous polymer monoliths. N2 BET and surface area and Hg intrusion porosimetry data from the resulting polymers showed a variety of different pore sizes and pore size distributions. In the latter, three distinct maxima at 13, 50−60, and ∼500 nm were found for small pores (<500 nm) whereas the observed pore size maxima for large pores (>500 nm) did not exhibit any regularity. Variation of initiator concentration, ratio of monomer to porogen, polymerization temperature, and cross-linker had no influence in obtaining transparent monoliths. Correlation of the transparency of the monoliths with the refractive index and solubility parameter of the corresponding porogens led to threshold values for the refractive index (1.42) above which, and for the total solubility parameter (∼20 (MPa)1/2) below which, a transparent polymer monolith is generally obtained, if one allows for exceptions. A correlation between pore size distribution and transparency, however, could not be found.
High amplitude nonlinear acoustic wave driven flow fields in cylindrical and conical resonators (2013)

A high fidelity computational fluid dynamic model is used to simulate the flow, pressure, and density fields generated in a cylindrical and a conical resonator by a vibrating end wall/piston producing high-amplitude standing waves. The waves in the conical resonator are found to be shock-less and can generate peak acoustic overpressures that exceed the initial undisturbed pressure by two to three times. A cylindrical (consonant) acoustic resonator has limitations to the output response observed at one end when the opposite end is acoustically excited. In the conical geometry (dissonant acoustic resonator) the linear acoustic input is converted to high energy un-shocked nonlinear acoustic output. The model is validated using past numerical results of standing waves in cylindrical resonators. The nonlinear nature of the harmonic response in the conical resonator system is further investigated for two different working fluids (carbon dioxide and argon) operating at various values of piston amplitude. The high amplitude nonlinear oscillations observed in the conical resonator can potentially enhance the performance of pulse tube thermoacoustic refrigerators and these conical resonators can be used as efficient mixers.