gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linking Magma Storage and Ascent to Eruption Volume and Composition at an Arc Caldera (2020)

Abstract Conceptual models of magma storage and transport under calderas favor a connected system of sills and dikes. These features are individually below the resolution of standard seismic tomography, but radial seismic anisotropy can reveal where they exist in aggregate. We model radial anisotropy at Okmok caldera, Alaska, to demonstrate the presence of a caldera‐centered stacked sill complex and surrounding dike system. We show that ascending magma, inferred from seismicity, either intersects the sill complex, resulting in a larger volume eruption of evolved magma, or bypasses the overlying sill complex via dikes, resulting in a low‐volume mafic eruption. Our results exemplify how the locations of magma storage and paths of transport impact eruption size and composition. As this type of crustal storage is likely common to many calderas, this analysis offers a potential new framework for volcano observatories to forecast the size of impending eruptions.
Maximum likelihood sequence estimation in the presence of chromatic and polarization mode dispersion in intensity modulation/direct detection optical channels (2004)

In this paper we investigate maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) receivers operating on intensity modulated direct detection optical channels. Our study focuses on long haul or metro links spanning several hundred kilometers of single mode fiber with optical amplifiers. We describe the structure of MLSE-based optical receivers operating in the presence of dispersion and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, and we develop a theory of the error rate of these receivers. Computer simulations show a close agreement between the predictions of the theory and simulation results. We also address some important implementation issues. Optical channels suffer from impairments that set them apart from other channels and therefore they need a special investigation. Among these impairments are the facts that the optical channel is nonlinear, and the dominant source of noise is often ASE noise, which is distributed according to a noncentral chi-square probability density function (pdf). Additionally, optical fibers suffer from chromatic and polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Although the use of MLSE in optical channels has been discussed in earlier literature (J. H. Winter and R. D. Githin, Sept. 1990) (H.F. Haunstein et. al., 2001) no detailed analysis of optical receivers using this technique has been reported so far. This motivates the study reported in this paper.
Catalytic Engineering of Carbon Nanostructures (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Engineering of Carbon NanostructuresNelly M. Rodriguez, Alan Chambers, and R. Terry K. BakerCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 3862–3866Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a042https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2268Altmetric-Citations503LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical Characterization of DNA-Immobilized InAs Surfaces Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (2012)

Single-stranded DNA immobilized on an III-V semiconductor is a potential high-sensitivity biosensor. The chemical and electronic changes occurring upon the binding of DNA to the InAs surface are essential to understanding the DNA-immobilization mechanism. In this work, the chemical properties of DNA-immobilized InAs surfaces were determined through high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). Prior to DNA functionalization, HF- and NH(4)OH- based aqueous etches were used to remove the native oxide from the InAs surface. The initial chemical state of the surface resulting from these etches were characterized prior to functionalization. F-tagged thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was used as the probe species under two different functionalization methods. The presence of DNA immobilized on the surface was confirmed from the F 1s, N 1s, and P 2p peaks in the XPS spectra. The presence of salt had a profound effect on the density of immobilized DNA on the InAs surface. To study the interfacial chemistry, the surface was treated with thiolated ssDNA with and without the mercaptohexanol molecule. An analysis of the As 3d and In 3d spectra indicates that both In-S and As-S are present on the surface after DNA functionalization. The amount of In-S and As-S was determined by the functionalization method as well as the presence of mercaptohexanol during functionalization. The orientation of the adsorbed ssDNA is determined by polarization-dependent NEXAFS utilizing the N K-edge. The immobilized ssDNA molecule has a preferred tilt angle with respect to the substrate normal, but with a random azimuthal distribution.
An Autonomous Coil Alignment System for the Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles to Minimize Lateral Misalignment (2017)

This paper proposes an autonomous coil alignment system (ACAS) for electric vehicles (EVs) with dynamic wireless charging (DWC) to mitigate the reduction in received power caused by lateral misalignment between the source and load coils. The key component of the ACAS is a novel sensor coil design, which can detect the load coil’s left or right position relative to the source coil by observing the change in voltage phase. This allows the lateral misalignment to be estimated through the wireless power transfer (WPT) system alone, which is a novel tracking method for vehicular applications. Once misalignment is detected, the vehicle’s lateral position is self-adjusted by an autonomous steering function. The feasibility of the overall operation of the ACAS was verified through simulation and experiments. In addition, an analysis based on experimental results was conducted, demonstrating that 26% more energy can be transferred during DWC with the ACAS, just by keeping the vehicle’s load coil aligned with the source coil.
Epitaxial crystallization of isotactic poly(4-methyl-pentene-1) (2000)

The crystallization of isotactic poly(4-methylpentene-1) in its stable tetragonal crystal modification based on the 72 helix conformation was achieved on three different low molecular weight organic substrates and on polytetrafluoroethylene. The contact face was always the (100) face, although the details of the epitaxial relationships generated one, two, or even three chain axis orientations in the polymer epitaxial overgrowth. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 3088–3097, 2000
Horn antennas for terahertz quantum cascade lasers (2007)

Far-field pattern and extraction efficiency of double metal 1.8 THz quantum cascade lasers (QCL) are controlled using miniaturised horn antennas. Enhancement of the optical output power of ten times and quasi-circular beam pattern are obtained.
T Cell Receptor-Engineered T Cells to Treat Solid Tumors: T Cell Processing Toward Optimal T Cell Fitness (2014)

Therapy with autologous T cells that have been gene-engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or T cell receptors (TCR) provides a feasible and broadly applicable treatment for cancer patients. In a clinical study in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with CAR T cells specific for carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), we observed toxicities that (most likely) indicated in vivo function of CAR T cells as well as low T cell persistence and clinical response rates. The latter observations were confirmed by later clinical trials in other solid tumor types and other gene-modified T cells. To improve the efficacy of T cell therapy, we have redefined in vitro conditions to generate T cells with young phenotype, a key correlate with clinical outcome. For their impact on gene-modified T cell phenotype and function, we have tested various anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-based T cell activation and expansion conditions as well as several cytokines prior to and/or after gene transfer using two different receptors: CAIX CAR and MAGE-C2(ALK)/HLA-A2 TCR. In a total set of 16 healthy donors, we observed that T cell activation with soluble anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs in the presence of both IL15 and IL21 prior to TCR gene transfer resulted in enhanced proportions of gene-modified T cells with a preferred in vitro phenotype and better function. T cells generated according to these processing methods demonstrated enhanced binding of pMHC, and an enhanced proportion of CD8+, CD27+, CD62L+, CD45RA+T cells. These new conditions will be translated into a GMP protocol in preparation of a clinical adoptive therapy trial to treat patients with MAGE-C2-positive tumors.
Influence of vehicle traffic reduction in a town centre on BTX pollution (2001)

Every 22 September, several French towns impose a strong reduction of traffic in their centre. In 1998, we realised a three days BTX sampling campaign in Nancy, in order to quantify the impact of the traffic restrictions on air quality. Sampling sites were chosen close to the busiest traffic routes. Sampling was performed with passive tubes, on ten hours each day. Measurements show clearly that the traffic flow reduction led to a decrease in BTX roadside concentrations by between 30 to 80%. BTX measurements correlate well with CO levels monitored at one of the sampling sites, and with the volume of traffic in circulation each day, which clearly indicates that traffic is the main source of atmospheric pollution at these sites. With limited traffic, benzene levels measured at roadside nearly fulfil the proposed European limit value and the French target value for air quality.
Increased rejection in gender-mismatched grafts: amelioration by triple therapy. (1991)

Increased rejection incidence in female heart transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine and azathioprine has been reported and a possible role for gender-mismatched grafting (male donor into female recipient) has been suggested. To test the hypothesis that rejection is more frequent in female patients receiving male hearts, we analyzed the results of heart transplantation in gender-matched and -mismatched grafts in 313 recipients maintained with either double therapy with cyclosporine and prednisone (group 1, n = 104) or triple therapy with cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone (group 2, n = 209). There were 21 female recipients in group 1 and 41 in group 2. The variables studied were 90-day total methylprednisolone sodium succinate requirements, 90-day linearized rejection rate, 90-day event-free actuarial rejection, 6-month actuarial infection-free survival, overall actuarial survival, and median day to first rejection. Statistical analyses included two-tailed t or Cox-Mantel testing as appropriate. In group 1, transplantation of a male heart into a female recipient (M/F grafting) was associated with a 40% higher 90-day cumulative steroid requirement (5008 +/- 3400 mg for M/F vs 3600 +/- 2977 mg for F/F), reflecting a higher rate of rejection in M/F recipients. Linearized rejection rates (90-day) were higher (1.6 +/- 0.4 vs 1.3 +/- 0.5 episodes per patient), and consequent 6-month event-free infection rates were lowest in these patients, although not significantly so. Actuarial survival did not differ significantly between the groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Artificial Willemite Leaching in Low-Sulfuric-Acid Solution at Elevated Temperature (2022)

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, agitation speed, and particle size on the high-temperature leaching kinetics of artificial willemite in low sulfuric acid solution. A mathematical model taking into account the change in acid concentration was evaluated for the leaching rate increased with increasing sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, and agitation speed and decreasing particle size. The kinetic analysis indicated that the leaching process was well interpreted by a modified grain model with product layer diffusion as the main rate-controlling step, and the shrinking core model was used to represent the reaction of each grain. The characteristic changes of the sample before and after leaching were studied using a scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to elucidate the leaching mechanism. The apparent activation energy was found to be 22.06 kJ/mol at 373–413 K, and the reaction order with sulfuric acid concentration was 1.6472. On the basis of the grain model, the following rate equation was established: 1.07ln(1−0.93x)−[1.28ln0.17+(1−x)23−0.42(1−x)130.17+(1−x)23+0.84(1−x)13+4.5arctan(2.76(1−x)13−0.58)]+3.8=43.55e−22060RTt.
C60Fullerene Nanocolumns–Polythiophene Heterojunctions for Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2011)

Inverted organic photovoltaic cells have been fabricated based on vertical C(60) nanocolumns filled with spin-coated poly[3-(4-carboxybutyl)thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3CBT). These C(60) nanocolumns were prepared via glancing angle deposition (GLAD), an efficient synthetic approach that controls the morphology of the resulting film, including intercolumn spacing, nanostructure shapes, and overall film thickness, among others. Intercolumn spacing was tuned to better match the expected P3CBT exciton diffusion length while simultaneously increasing heterointerface area. Due to observed in situ dissolution of the C(60) nanocolumns in solvents typically used to spin-coat polythiophene-based polymers (i.e., chloroform and chlorobenzene), the carboxylic acid-substituted polythiophene, P3CBT, was used as it is soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a solvent that did not affect the structure of the GLAD-produced C(60) nanostructures. Preservation of the C(60) nanocolumnar structure in the presence of DMSO, with and without P3CBT, was verified by absorbance spectroscopy and SEM imaging. Incorporating these nanostructured C(60)/P3CBT films into photovoltaic devices on indium tin oxide (ITO) showed that the engineered nanomorphology yielded a 5-fold increase in short-circuit current and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) increase from (0.2 ± 0.03)% to (0.8 ± 0.2)% when compared to a planar device. When compared to a standard bulk heterojunction (BHJ) device based upon the same materials, the C(60)-GLAD device outperformed fully solution-processed bulk heterojunctions, which were observed to have PCEs of (0.49 ± 0.03)%.
Extended phage-typing scheme forCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coli (1992)

The extended phage-typing scheme described for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli has established 46 different phage types using 19 typing phages. Altogether 754 campylobacter isolates, 672 C. jejuni and 82 C. coli, isolated from human and non-human sources received from 17 different countries were phage-typed. Overall, 80.6% of the total isolates were typable. Among typable strains, 9 phage types (3, 5, 10, 11, 18, 19, 23, 26 and 44) represented 57.0% of the strains, 21.3% of the strains belonged to another 37 phage types and the remaining 2.3% of isolates were designated atypical. The most common phage type 11 (140/754) was frequently observed among C. jejuni isolates from human (113/561) and non-human sources (18/111), whereas type 44 was frequent among C. coli isolates from human (22/59) and from non-human sources (8/23). A study of the animal host-associations of common phage types showed that contaminated cattle and poultry appear to be the most common sources of human infection. The greatest variety of phage types was observed in Canada (24 phage types), followed by Portugal (17 types) and the UK (14 types), reflecting the larger sample sizes from these countries. Phage type 11 was encountered in 12 different countries and prevalence of other phage types varied from one country to another. The number of isolates typable with the scheme varied from 93.2% (261/280) in Canada to 61% (47/77) in Thailand. However, the number and diversity of phage types makes phage typing the method of choice in epidemiological studies of campylobacter infections.
Fission Product Gamma-Ray Line Pairs Sensitive to Fissile Material and Neutron Energy (2007)

The beta-delayed gamma-ray spectra from the fission of {sup 235}U, {sup 238}U, and {sup 239}Pu by thermal and near-14-MeV neutrons have been measured for delay times ranging from 1 minute to 14 hours. Spectra at all delay times contain sets of prominent gamma-ray lines with intensity ratios that identify the fissile material and distinguish between fission induced by low-energy or high-energy neutrons.
Impact of Long-Term Heavy Metal Pollution on Microbial Community in Iron Mine Soil (2013)

To examine the spatial changes of microbial community in an iron mine of the upstream area of Miyun Reservoir,soil samples were collected from twelve sites. Quantification of bacteria,fungi and actinobacteria were determined by real-time PCR. Derived from Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive correlation( P 0. 05) between the abundance of total microbes and w( AP). Meanwhile,the abundance of bacteria and actinobacteria had significant negative correlation with contamination index( R =- 0. 756,P 0. 01; R =- 0. 614,P 0. 05). Pollution levels,however,had no effect on fungi abundance. PCR-DGGE was used to analyze the bacteria,fungi,and actinobacteria community structure as well. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that contamination index greatly influenced on bacteria and actinobacteria community( P 0. 05) and less influenced on fungi. The diversity of bacteria and actinobacteria increased from low to moderate levels of contamination and then decreased at relatively high contamination index. The changes of microbial abundance and structure revealed that different microbial communities exhibit various responses to heavy metals.Fungi were the most tolerated species to heavy metals,followed by actinobacteria and bacteria in the same contaminant grade. Moreover,Cr,Pb and Zn promoted the abundance and the diversity of microbial community in their moderate pollution. The distribution of microbial community,however,was inhibited by Cd and Cu. This indicated that microbial communities would shift from sensitive population to tolerant population,and it was important to further understand their synergic relationship and biogeochemical processes.
The structure design and analysis of OFDM symbol in CO-OFDM system (2010)

The structure of OFDM symbol has great influence on CO-OFDM system. This paper first presents a typical structure of OFDM symbol with virtual subcarriers and pilots for CO-OFDM. Simulation results indicate that the proposed structure is very suitable for CO-OFDM system and with this structure performance of CO-OFDM is improved largely.
Sequencing individual genomes with recurrent genomic disorder deletions: an approach to characterize genes for autosomal recessive rare disease traits (2021)

Abstract In medical genetics, discovery and characterization of disease trait contributory genes and alleles depends on genetic reasoning, study design, and patient ascertainment; we now suggest a segmental haploid genetics approach to enhance gene discovery and molecular diagnostics. We present novel genomic insights to enhance discovery in the challenging context of autosomal recessive (AR) traits and bi-allelic variation. We demonstrate computationally that new mutation mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR), involving recurrent deletions at 30 genomic regions, likely drives recessive disease burden for over 70% of loci within these segmental deletions or at least 2% of loci genome wide. Meta-analyses of literature-reported patients implicate that NAHR-deletions are depleted from the ascertained pool of AR trait alleles. Exome reanalysis of personal genomes from subjects harboring recurrent deletions uncovered new disease-contributing variants in genes including COX10 , ERCC6, PRRT2 and OTUD7A . Our data demonstrate that genomic sequencing of personal genomes with NAHR-deletions could dramatically foment allele and gene discovery, enhance clinical molecular diagnosis, and could potentially enable human haploid genetics screens as an approach to disease biology.
The Quantitative Determination of Hemicelluloses Adsorbed on Hw-BKP Using HPLC (2008)

Adsorption of xylans extracted from birchwood and oat spelt on Hw-BKP were analyzed using HPLC. The effect of xylan adsorption on paper properties such as tensile, tear index and brightness was also investigated. The constituents of xylan was analyzed with HPLC after hydrolysis with dilute sulfuric acid. It was shown that xylose was the major constituent and small amounts of glucose and galactose were contained in the xylan samples. Adsorption of xylan on hardwood fibers was evaluated using acid hydrolysis and HPLC techniques. Results showed that the adsorption of negatively charged xylan on the fiber surface was negligible probably because electrostatic repulsion between these two materials. Pretreatment of the fiber with alum increased xylan adsorption. The amount of adsorption increased up to 30 mg/g. With the increase of xylan adsorption both tensile and tear strength of the handsheet increased suggesting xylan can be a very effective strength agents for papermaking. Brightness of the handsheets decreased, however, with the use of xylan.
Archival Human Factors Jobs Database as a Tool for Tracking Trends in Skills and Knowledge Expectations in the Labor Market (2013)

To educate the future human factors/ergonomics workforce and meet the demand for new professionals in the field, academic institutions must pay close attention to the ever-changing skills and knowledge expectations in the labor market. These trends are not easy to track, however. Surveys of new professionals about their experiences in their first jobs or surveys of employers about their experiences with new hires suffer from low response rates, nonresponse bias, and the one-time nature of survey research. A better way to track labor market trends is to continually analyze human factors job postings for education and experience requirements specified in them. This paper describes development of a database for that purpose. We also discuss ways of analyzing unstructured text data in the database. The results of analyses of these data include summary statistics of frequencies and their correlations, clusters of similar jobs, and a continually updated mathematical model to classify jobs in the database. These results will be subjected to longitudinal analyses when the database contains sufficient data.