gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The route towards stable and efficient anaerobic digestion of fibrous wastewater from pulp and paper mills in high-rate CSTRs with sludge recirculation (2015)

The pulp and paper industry carries high costs in wastewater treatment. By combining present techniques with anaerobic digestion (AD), expenses for electricity use and sludge disposal can be reduced. The large wastewater volumes require high-rate systems sensitive to suspended solids, and this has so far excluded treatment of the energy-rich wood fibres. In this study, AD of fibrous wastewater was examined in high-rate CSTRs with sludge recirculation. Two lab-scale reactors (4L) were run for 780 days. Once a day, reactor sludge was withdrawn and centrifuged. The main part of the supernatant was discarded, while the pellet was suspended with the substrate and returned to the reactor. This gave a sludge retention time of 10-16 days and a hydraulic retention time of 4-8 days. One reactor (denoted R1) was fed with fibre sludge, and the second reactor (denoted R2) was co-digesting fibre sludge and activated sludge. Both substrates were taken from a Kraft mill in Sweden. Initially, both reactors experienced frequent drops in pH, and continuous alkali supplements were necessary for process stability. Additions of magnesium and potassium were also needed to obtain stable process performance at an OLR of 3 g VS L-1·day-1. R1 and R2 behaved similarly, but R2 (co-digestion) was more robust with less or no fluctuations in VFA and pH. Addition of activated sludge also to R1 allowed an increase in OLR to 4 g VS L-1·day-1. In summary, stable and efficient operation of a high-rate CSTR with sludge recirculation digesting fibre sludge was achieved at an OLR of 4 g VS L-1·day-1, a HRT of 4 days and a methane production of 260±20 Nml. In addition, co-digestion with activated sludge stabilized the performance at increased OLR and thus gave more methane produced per reactor volume.
A broadband Wilkinson balun using microstrip metamaterial lines (2005)

A metamaterial balun that converts a single-ended input to a differential output over a large bandwidth is presented. The device also exhibits excellent return loss, isolation, and through characteristics over the same frequency band. The balun comprises a Wilkinson divider, followed by a +90/spl deg/ negative-refractive-index (NRI) metamaterial (MM) phase-shifting line along the top branch, and a -90/spl deg/ MM phase-shifting line along the bottom branch. Utilizing MM lines for both the +90/spl deg/ and -90/spl deg/ branches allows the slopes of their phase responses to be matched, resulting in a broadband differential output signal. The theoretical performance of the balun is verified through circuit simulations and measurements of a fabricated prototype at 1.5 GHz. The MM balun exhibits a measured differential output phase bandwidth (180/spl deg//spl plusmn/10/spl deg/) of 1.16 GHz (77%), from 1.17 to 2.33 GHz. The measured isolation and return loss for all three ports remain below -10 dB over a bandwidth in excess of 2 GHz, while the output quantities |S/sub 21/| and |S/sub 31/| remain above -4 dB from 0.5 to 2.5 GHz.
Moving Map and Situational Awareness Capabilities of the DAGR (2005)

This paper presents an overview of the Moving Map and Situational Awareness capabilities of the Defense Advanced GPS Receiver (DAGR) military handheld GPS receiver (refer to Figure 1), and how these capabilities can be utilized for other applications. This paper first presents an overview of situational awareness and moving maps as provided by handheld GPS receivers, factors driving the DAGR’s requirements, and the requirements themselves. This paper presents the system design in a two-part approach corresponding to the two primary components of the system: 1) importing digital map products into the DAGR and 2) displaying moving maps and situational awareness on the DAGR’s display. A significant driver to the design is the requirement to import and display both vector map products and raster map products. The design also needs to allow the use of specialized digital map data, created by the Military’s Geospatial Engineers, containing real-time intelligence information and tailored to contain information relevant to a particular mission. The design also provides the ability to import nongeospatial images to allow digital images to be utilized in the field for assistance in identification (e.g. photo of target) or mission operation (e.g. floor plans of a building). The suitability of the ArcMap™ component of the Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit (C/JMTK) in this design is also presented. This paper concludes with an overview from the user’s point of view of the operation of importing digital maps (pre-mission) into the DAGR and using moving map and situational awareness on the DAGR. The overview will also contain a discussion noting some of the possible ways the mapping capabilities can be used by other applications (e.g. adding a survey marker layer to a vector map product) or can be integrated with other systems (e.g. FBCB2/BFT).
AnimalTFDB: a comprehensive animal transcription factor database (2011)

Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences, thereby playing crucial roles in gene-expression regulation through controlling the transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA. Transcription cofactors and chromatin remodeling factors are also essential in the gene transcriptional regulation. Identifying and annotating all the TFs are primary and crucial steps for illustrating their functions and understanding the transcriptional regulation. In this study, based on manual literature reviews, we collected and curated 72 TF families for animals, which is currently the most complete list of TF families in animals. Then, we systematically characterized all the TFs in 50 animal species and constructed a comprehensive animal TF database, AnimalTFDB. To better serve the community, we provided detailed annotations for each TF, including basic information, gene structure, functional domain, 3D structure hit, Gene Ontology, pathway, protein-protein interaction, paralogs, orthologs, potential TF-binding sites and targets. In addition, we collected and annotated transcription cofactors and chromatin remodeling factors. AnimalTFDB has a user-friendly web interface with multiple browse and search functions, as well as data downloading. It is freely available at http://www.bioguo.org/AnimalTFDB/.
1081: EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID REDUCES PULMONARY ENDOTHELIAL CELL ADHESION PROTEIN EXPRESSION WITH IL-6 (2021)

Sherratt, Samuel; Libby, Peter; Bhatt, Deepak; Dawoud, Hazem; Malinski, Tadeusz; Mason, Preston Author Information
Studies on the structure-activity relationship of adrenergic .BETA.-mimetic benzylamine derivatives. IV. Aryl-substituted 1-aminotetralins and 1-aminoindans. (1978)

The synthesis and adrenergic activity of the stereoisomeric aryl-substituted 1-aminotetralins (3, 4, and 7) and 1-aminoindans (5 and 6), rigid structures related to the benzylamine derivatives (2), are presented. Among this series of compounds tested, trans-5, 6-dihydroxy-1-methylamino-2-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene (3b) was the most active tracheal relaxing compound, which was approximately ten times as active as the corresponding cis isomer (4b) and about two times as active as 2b. The structure-activity relationship in this series is discussed.
Verification of producer-consumer synchronization in GPU programs (2015)

Previous efforts to formally verify code written for GPUs have focused solely on kernels written within the traditional data-parallel GPU programming model. No previous work has considered the higher performance, but more complex, warp-specialized kernels based on producer-consumer named barriers available on current hardware. In this work we present the first formal operational semantics for named barriers and define what it means for a warp-specialized kernel to be correct. We give algorithms for verifying the correctness of warp-specialized kernels and prove that they are both sound and complete for the most common class of warp-specialized programs. We also present WEFT, a verification tool for checking warp-specialized code. Using WEFT, we discover several non-trivial bugs in production warp-specialized kernels.
Instant Controlled Pressure Drop technology: From a new fundamental approach of instantaneous transitory thermodynamics to large industrial applications on high performance–high controlled quality unit operations (2014)

Solvent extraction processes have been largely used in various industries. They recently were improved through new physical concepts such as CO 2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Ultrasound assisted process, Microwave-assisted extraction, Instant Controlled Pressure Drop DIC-assisted extraction… Systematically, a pretreatment stage of grinding takes place in order to improve the exchange surface increasing the starting accessibility. Swelling of the material structure implies an increase of the porosity thus leading to higher solvent diffusivity within the solid matrix. A new concept of expanded granule powder has recently been defined using Instant Controlled Pressure Drop DIC technology. Whatever the type of solvent is (even CO 2 -SFE), such a swelled structure dramatically intensifies the kinetics through a higher specific exchange surface thanks to the open pores, while improving the solution solvent–solute diffusivity within the solid. Coupled to ultrasound, the internal transfer of solute within the pore solvent can likewise be intensified by replacing molecular diffusion within the pores by an effective convection transfer. In this work, we carried out a first approach of modeling of solvent extraction kinetics of expanded granules involving higher exchange surface and greater internal diffusion process.
AXON Dose: A Machine Vision Solution for Accurate, Quantifiable Dose Management in the Transmission Electron Microscope (2022)

Journal Article AXON Dose: A Machine Vision Solution for Accurate, Quantifiable Dose Management in the Transmission Electron Microscope Get access Stamp Walden, Stamp Walden Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Corresponding author: stamp@protochips.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Madeline Dressel Dukes, Madeline Dressel Dukes Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kate Marusak, Kate Marusak Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yaofeng Guo, Yaofeng Guo Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jennifer McConnell, Jennifer McConnell Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Damiano, John Damiano Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Nackashi David Nackashi Protochips, Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 2142–2143, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622008297 Published: 01 August 2022
Sensor and Data Fusion Concepts and Applications (1993)

Multiple Sensor System Applications, Benefits, and Atmospheric Attenuation Data Fusion Algorithms and Architectures Bayesian Inference Dempster-Shafer Algorithm Artificial Neural Networks Voting Fusion Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks Passive Data Association Techniques for Unambiguous Location of Targets. Appendices: Planck Radiation Law and Radiative Transfer Voting Fusion With Nested Confidence Levels.
SiO2 Film by ECR-CVD for Thin-Film Capacitors Directly Fabricated on Epoxy/Glass Printed Wiring Boards. (1994)

基板の実装密度を向上させるため, 薄膜コンデンサを有機樹脂基板に損傷を与えずに直接形成する方法を開発した。耐熱性に劣るガラスエポキシ樹脂基板上に室温で誘電体膜を形成できる電子サイクロトロン共鳴化学気相成長法 (ECR-CVD) を用いることと, 基板表面の粗さを改善するため樹脂をコートすることにより実現した。誘電体膜としては, SiO2膜を使用し, 膜厚300nmで容量13.1nF/cm2, 比誘電率4.49 (1kHz) の特性が得られ, また, 125℃の高温放置試験では500時間経過後も容量値の変動も3%以内と良好であった。
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent 4-Phospho- d -Erythronate Dehydrogenase Is Responsible for the 4-Phosphohydroxy- l -Threonine Pathway in Vitamin B 6 Biosynthesis in Sinorhizobium meliloti (2006)

The vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway in Sinorhizobium meliloti is similar to that in Escherichia coli K-12; in both organisms this pathway includes condensation of two intermediates, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate and 4-phosphohydroxy-L-threonine (4PHT). Here, we report cloning of a gene designated pdxR that functionally corresponds to the pdxB gene of E. coli and encodes a dye-linked flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent 4-phospho-D-erythronate (4PE) dehydrogenase. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of 4PE to 3-hydroxy-4-phosphohydroxy-alpha-ketobutyrate and is clearly different in terms of cofactor requirements from the pdxB gene product of E. coli, which is known to be an NAD-dependent enzyme. Previously, we revealed that in S. meliloti IFO 14782, 4PHT is synthesized from 4-hydroxy-l-threonine and that this synthesis starts with glycolaldehyde and glycine. However, in this study, we identified a second 4PHT pathway in S. meliloti that originates exclusively from glycolaldehyde (the major pathway). Based on the involvement of 4PE in the 4PHT pathway, the incorporation of different samples of 13C-labeled glycolaldehyde into pyridoxine molecules was examined using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. On the basis of the spectral analyses, the synthesis of 4PHT from glycolaldehyde was hypothesized to involve the following steps: glycolaldehyde is sequentially metabolized to D-erythrulose, D-erythrulose 4-phosphate, and D-erythrose 4-phosphate by transketolase, kinase, and isomerase, respectively; and D-erythrose 4-phosphate is then converted to 4PHT by the conventional three-step pathway elucidated in E. coli, although the mechanism of action of the enzymes catalyzing the first two steps is different.
Untoward Response With Topical Fluorouracil (1968)

Topical fluorouracil therapy is a major advance in the treatment of actinic keratoses. With extensive use, some untoward results can be anticipated. Contact dermatitis, both to the agent itself and to the vehicle in which it is employed, may occur. Acquired sensitivity occurred in a little more than 1% of the patients treated. Preexisting dermatoses may be accentuated by the inflammatory response which ensues from this procedure. Patients with chloasma and rosacea are most likely to encounter temporary accentuation of the underlying disorder. Pretreatment instructions regarding the expected reaction and weekly observation is recommended. Exposure to sunlight increases discomfort at the reactive stage but is not an absolute contraindication to treatment.
Kernel-based pattern recognition hardware: its design methodology using evolved truth tables (2002)

We propose a new logic circuit design methodology for kernel-based pattern recognition hardware using a genetic algorithm. In the proposed design methodology, pattern data are transformed into the truth tables and the truth tables are evolved to represent kernels in the discrimination functions for pattern recognition. The evolved truth tables are then synthesized to logic circuits. Because of this data direct implementation approach, no floating point numerical circuits are required and the intrinsic parallelism in the pattern data set is embedded into the circuits. Consequently, high speed recognition systems can be realized with acceptable small circuit size. We have applied this methodology to the image recognition and the sonar spectrum recognition tasks, and implemented them onto the newly developed FPGA-based reconfigurable pattern recognition board. The developed system demonstrates higher recognition accuracy and much faster processing speed than the conventional approaches.
Deformable Mirror Surface Control Techniques (1981)

A corrector mirror assembly within an optical train provides corrections to maximize energy concentration on a distant target, despite phase perturbations due to air medium turbulence. Phase correction is by mirror surface deformation provided by piezoelectric actuators and a companion, unique, solid-state, electronic amplifier. Desired actuation bandpass requirements are 1 kHz. This paper describes the overall actuation control with emphasis on the actuator and drive amplifier analysis, design, and simulation. Hardware examples are briefly presented.
Antiprotozoal activity of Neurolaena lobata (2001)

Extracts, fractions and sesquiterpene lactones from Neurolaena lobata (L.) R. Br. (Asteraceae), a traditional medicinal plant from Guatemala, were tested in vitro against Leishmania spp. promastigotes, Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and epimastigotes and Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. The ethanol extract inhibited the parasite growth of L. mexicana, T. cruzi and T. vaginalis significantly. The pure germacranolides 1 and a mixture of 2 and 3, isolated from the ethonal extract, were highly active against L. mexicana and T. cruzi.
CO2-Laser-Assisted Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon Dioxide Thin Film (2001)

The plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) thin films from SiH 4 and N 2 O has been executed with and without CO 2 laser illumination. The quality of the film processed under a 10.6 µm CO 2 laser was close to that of a film grown when the substrate was heated to 200°C. Since the temperature of the film substrate under CO 2 laser illumination was only about 55°C, this method should be helpful in processes where a low thermal budget is required. CO 2 -laser-assisted PECVD (termed LAPECVD) with a substrate heated to 200°C resulted in a SiO 2 thin film with excellent I – V characteristics and surface morphology, as well as a higher refractive index and lower etching rate in BOE solution. Application of this thin film should be explored.
Active reflection phase surfaces for cognitive radar (2013)

Metamaterial and electromagnetic band gap (EBG) surfaces exhibit reflection phase characteristics that are different than perfect electric conducting surfaces. The reflection phase can contribute to enhancing the gain of an antenna placed on the top of such surface. It also contributes to changing the radar cross section of the object that is covered with the active surface. This characteristic may have applications in cognitive radar systems. It also has applications in radar jamming systems. The adaptive reflection phase off the active surface may be used to introduce false target information in high range resolution (HRR) radar and other high resolution imaging radar.
Inhibition of growth of human tumor xenografts in athymic mice treated with ricin toxin A chain-monoclonal antibody 791T/36 conjugates. (1987)

Immunotoxin constructed by conjugating ricin A chain to monoclonal antibody 791T/36 specifically inhibits growth of human tumor xenografts which express the gp72 antigen recognized by the antibody component. Dose schedule tests showed that the major response was obtained during the first 5 days of treatment and further prolonged treatment did not improve therapy. Expression of gp72 antigen on tumor cells derived from xenografts in immunotoxin-treated mice was not markedly altered indicating that treatment did not lead to the expansion of tumor antigen deficient tumor cells. The experiments indicate that treatment for short duration with immunotoxin may be the most effective protocol.
Assessment of distractions inferred by in-vehicle information systems on a naturalistic simulator (2011)

Driving inattention is a major factor to highway crashes. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that approximately 25% of police-reported crashes involve some form of driving inattention. Increasing use of in-vehicle information systems (IVISs) such as cell phones or GPS navigation systems has exacerbated the problem by introducing additional sources of distraction. Enabling drivers to benefit from IVIS without diminishing safety is an important challenge. In this paper, an automatic distraction monitoring system based on gaze focalization for the assessment of IVISs induced distraction is presented. Driver's gaze focalization is estimated using a non-intrusive vision-based approach. This system has been tested in a naturalistic simulator with more than 15 hours of driving in different scenarios and conditions and 12 different professional drivers. The purpose of this work is, on the one hand, to assess the detection capacity of the monitoring system and, in the other hand, to study drivers reactions to different IVISs. Gathering this information the optimal IVISs location and the way the indications should be delivered to the drivers can be studied to reduce the interference with their driving.
691 RELATION BETWEEN HIGH-SENSITIVITY TROPONIN I SERUM LEVELS AND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED CHRONIC CORONARY SYNDROME: THE RESET-MI STUDY (2022)

Abstract Background Although the detection of a rise and/or fall pattern of cardiac troponin (cTn) serum levels in presence of a clinical context of acute myocardial ischemia, represents the main criterion for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), troponins may increase in various conditions of myocardial injury different from ischemic myocardial necrosis or simply following myocardial ischemia, in the absence of cell necrosis. Some studies found that troponins also increase after physical exertion and other types of stressful stimuli in the absence of obstructive CAD and myocardial ischemia. No previous study, however, investigated the relation between cTn serum levels and the extent of myocardial ischemia in patients with a suspect of CCS. Methods We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients undergoing an elective stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) because of a clinical suspicion of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the evidence and degree of stress-induced MI at MPS: 1) group 1, no MI (≤4%); 2) group 2, mild MI (5-10%); 3) group 3, moderate-to-severe MI (≥10%). High sensitivity (hs)-cTnI was measured immediately before (T0) and 1 hour (T1) and 4 hours (T2) after the stress test. A successive evaluation of patients was performed at 24 months. Results One-hundred consecutive patients (64 males; age 65.5±9.5 years) were enrolled in the study. Serum hs-cTnI concentrations significantly increased after MPS, compared to baseline, in the whole population, from (median, interquartile range) 3.9 (2.5-6.1) ng/L at T0, to 4.2 (2.8-7.3) ng/L at T1 (p&amp;lt;0.001) and 6.7 (3.8-14.1) ng/L at T2 (p&amp;lt;0.001 vs. both T0 and T1). The increase in hs-cTnI did not significantly differ between the 3 groups (p=0.35). Heart rate achieved during the test was the strongest determinant of cTnI increase (p &amp;lt; 0.001). No major adverse cardiac event occurred during follow-up. Only 12 patients (12%) underwent coronary revascularization, whereas angina episodes were reported by 23 patients (23%). There were no significant differences in hs-cTnI increase after the stress test between patients with clinical events at follow-up compared with those who did not report myocardial revascularization or angina recurrence (p=0.21). Conclusions In patients with suspected CAD, stress MPS induces an increase of cTnI that is independent of the induction and the extent of myocardial ischemia and is mainly related to myocardial work, as indicated by HR achieved during the test.