gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pridopidine Induces Functional Neurorestoration Via the Sigma-1 Receptor in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease (2019)

Pridopidine is a small molecule in clinical development for the treatment of Huntington's disease. It was recently found to have high binding affinity to the sigma-1 receptor, a chaperone protein involved in cellular defense mechanisms and neuroplasticity. Here, we have evaluated the neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of pridopidine in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of parkinsonism in mice. By 5 weeks of daily administration, a low dose of pridopidine (0.3 mg/kg) had significantly improved deficits in forelimb use (cylinder test, stepping test) and abolished the ipsilateral rotational bias typical of hemiparkinsonian animals. A higher dose of pridopidine (1 mg/kg) significantly improved only the rotational bias, with a trend towards improvement in forelimb use. The behavioral recovery induced by pridopidine 0.3 mg/kg was accompanied by a significant protection of nigral dopamine cell bodies, an increased dopaminergic fiber density in the striatum, and striatal upregulation of GDNF, BDNF, and phosphorylated ERK1/2. The beneficial effects of pridopidine 0.3 mg/kg were absent in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice lacking the sigma-1 receptor. Pharmacokinetic data confirmed that the effective dose of pridopidine reached brain concentrations sufficient to bind S1R. Our results are the first to show that pridopidine promotes functional neurorestoration in the damaged nigrostriatal system acting via the sigma-1 receptor.
Self-Powered Dynamic Glazing Based on Nematic Liquid Crystals and Organic Photovoltaic Layers for Smart Window Applications (2023)

Dynamic windows allow monitoring of in-door solar radiation and thus improve user comfort and energy efficiency in buildings and vehicles. Existing technologies are, however, hampered by limitations in switching speed, energy efficiency, user control, or production costs. Here, we introduce a new concept for self-powered switchable glazing that combines a nematic liquid crystal, as an electro-optic active layer, with an organic photovoltaic material. The latter aligns the liquid crystal molecules and generates, under illumination, an electric field that changes the molecular orientation and thereby the device transmittance in the visible and near-infrared region. Small-area devices can be switched from clear to dark in hundreds of milliseconds without an external power supply. The drop in transmittance can be adjusted using a variable resistor and is shown to be reversible and stable for more than 5 h. First solution-processed large-area (15 cm<sup>2</sup>) devices are presented, and prospects for smart window applications are discussed.
Energy-discriminative performance of a spectral micro-CT system (2013)

Experiments were performed to evaluate the energy-discriminative performance of a spectral (multi-energy) micro-CT system. The system, designed by MARS (Medipix All Resolution System) Bio-Imaging Ltd. (Christchurch, New Zealand), employs a photon-counting energy-discriminative detector technology developed by CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research). We used the K-edge attenuation characteristics of some known materials to calibrate the detector's photon energy discrimination. For tomographic analysis, we used the compressed sensing (CS) based ordered-subset simultaneous algebraic reconstruction techniques (OS-SART) to reconstruct sample images, which is effective to reduce noise and suppress artifacts. Unlike conventional CT, the principal component analysis (PCA) method can be applied to extract and quantify additional attenuation information from a spectral CT dataset. Our results show that the spectral CT has a good energy-discriminative performance and provides more attenuation information than the conventional CT.
Domain engineering: periodic domain patterning in lithium niobate (2002)

We present our experimental and theoretical investigations of field induced domain structure evolution in lithium niobate. The processes governing the fabrication of short-pitch domain gratings required for nonlinear optics applications are analyzed in detail. We propose an enhanced electric-field poling technique based on spontaneous backswitching which allows to produce domain gratings with periods down to 4 /spl mu/m in 0.5-mm-thick LiNbO/sub 3/ substrate.
Noninvasive Evaluation of Endothelial Function Based on Dilation Rate of Integrated Air-Cuff Plethysmogram (2012)

This paper proposes a method for evaluating endothelial function based on the dilation rate of an integrated air-cuff plethysmogram measured using an oscillometric approach. The method is not affected by blood pressure variations, and can be used to assess endothelial function quickly. In the study, the dilation rate of an integrated air-cuff plethysmogram was simulated to verify that the proposed method is suitable for evaluating arterial compliance changes related to endothelial function. The simulation results showed that changes in arterial viscoelastic characteristics can be assessed using the technique. Then, the proposed dilation rate for the integrated air-cuff plethysmogram and the value of percent flow-mediated vasodilation (%FMD) (a standard index used to evaluate endothelial function) were measured in the same subjects, with the results showing a significant correlation (r= 0.589) between the two. In addition, receiver operation characteristics (ROC) analysis was conducted to verify the method's effectiveness in determining the risk of arteriosclerosis. The results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the proposed index was 0.914, which was greater than or equal to the %FMD value. It was therefore concluded that the proposed method has potential for clinical use.
MULTIMODAL DEPRESSION CLASSIFICATION USING ARTICULATORY COORDINATION FEATURES AND HIERARCHICAL ATTENTION BASED TEXT EMBEDDINGS (2022)

Multimodal depression classification has gained immense popularity over the recent years. We develop a multimodal depression classification system using articulatory coordination features extracted from vocal tract variables and text transcriptions obtained from an automatic speech recognition tool that yields improvements of area under the receiver operating characteristics curve compared to unimodal classifiers (7.5\% and 13.7\% for audio and text respectively). We show that in the case of limited training data, a segment-level classifier can first be trained to then obtain a session-wise prediction without hindering the performance, using a multi-stage convolutional recurrent neural network. A text model is trained using a Hierarchical Attention Network (HAN). The multimodal system is developed by combining embeddings from the session-level audio model and the HAN text model.
Bayesian computer vision methods for improved tumor localization and delineation (2002)

The authors are measuring the effectiveness of Bayesian computer-vision methods that are designed to automatically delineate tissue and tumor boundaries by incorporating 3-D information from a multispectral MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) data set. This data set can be directly exploited for tissue characterization and analysis by simply designing the Bayesian computer vision model to be robust to the complex nature of the multispectral imaging signal. Using this Bayes model one can then begin to form boundaries around the tumor and organs of interest by adopting Bayesian priors that assure boundary connectivity and structural integrity. Once boundaries are formed that are consistent with the observed MRI data and the Bayesian prior constraints, this boundary information can be combined with the 3-D volumetric image data to construct a highly informative 3-D display to be used for diagnosis, for treatment planning, or in the operating room as an aid to guiding surgery, particularly in the case of stereotactic surgery.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The reducing antioxidant capacity ofMycoplasma fermentans (2006)

Mycoplasma fermentans is an extracellular microorganism capable of adhering to the surface of host cells. It has been recently shown that plasminogen binding to M. fermentans in the presence of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator promotes the invasion of host cells by this organism. In this report, we show that viable mycoplasmas persist within the infected HeLa cells for prolonged periods of time despite the expectation that within host cells the organism may be exposed to oxidative stress. Using cyclic voltammetry and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assays, we detected a potent reducing antioxidant activity in M. fermentans. The reducing antioxidant activity was heat stable, not affected by proteolysis and was almost totally lost upon dialysis suggesting that the activity is due to a nonproteinaceus low molecular weight antioxidant. This antioxidant was partially purified by Bio-Gel column chromatography followed by high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis. We suggest that the high reducing antioxidant capacity in M. fermentans is a principal defense mechanism playing a major role in the battle of the organism against oxidative stress within the host cells.
A Convenient Oxime-Carbapalladacycle-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorides in Water (2002)

Refluxing water is a good solvent for the coupling reactions of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides with phenylboronic acid (see scheme; FG=functional group). The reactions use oxime-derived palladacycles 1 as thermally stable catalysts, potassium carbonate as base, and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), and can be carried out in the presence of air.
A high pulsed power supply system designed for pulsed high magnetic field (2008)

This paper introduces the design of high pulsed power supply system for producing pulsed high magnetic field up to 70 T.This system consists of 58 sets of 55 μF of capacitor bank which provides 1.0 MJ energy storage.A set of vacuum closing switch is chosen as main switch for energy discharge into magnetic coil.A crowbar circuit with high power diodes in series with resistor is used to absorb the redundant energy and adjust pulse width.The resistance of magnetic coil changing with current is deduced by energy balance equations.A capacitor-charging power supply using a series-resonant,constant on-time variable frequency control,and zero-current switching charges the capacitor bank in one minute time with high efficiency.The pulsed power supply provides adjustable current and pulse width with 30 kA peak and 30 ms maximum.The primary experiments demonstrate the system reliability.This work provides an engineering guidance for future development of pulsed high magnetic field.
Radiolabelling of iodinated o, m and p-carboranes using palladium catalysed isotopic exchange (2002)

Radiolabelling of iodinated o, m and p-carboranes using palladium catalysed isotopic exchange
141. TRANSFORAMINAL LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION (TLIF) FOR REVISION SURGERY OF THORACOLUMBAR AND LUMBAR SCOLIOSIS IN ADULTS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (2011)

Purpose of the study: Revision surgery for scoliosis in adults is a technical challenge. Indications include flat back, non-union, and syndromes adjacent to the instrumentation The purpose of this work was to evaluate the pertinence of the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) method for revision surgery for scoliosis in adults. Material and methods: In our spinal surgery unit, 23 patients underwent revision surgery for thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis. A unique posterior approach was used. The TLIF was performed systematically at the lumbosacral level, at the non-union when it was present, and at the level of the Smith-Petersen osteotomies, as well as the levels above and below a transpedicular osteotomy. Seventeen patients presented flat back, ten non-union, five degenerative disease distal to the instrumentation and one degeneration proximal to the instrumentation. Nine patients had several indications for surgical revision. Five transpedicular osteotomies were performed in five patients. Results: Mean follow-up was 30 months (range 18–48). On average 2.3 levels (range 1–4) were involved in the TLIF. The fusion was extended to the sacrum in 22 patients. The mean operative time was 5h50m (range 3–8 hours). Mean blood loss was 2100ml (400–4500). Postoperative lumbar lordosis (L1S1) was 53.5°, giving an improvement of 23° copared with the preoperative lordosis. Among the postoperative complications, there was one neurological complications which recovered partially at last follow-up one case of deep infection of the operative site which require partial removal of the implants and one case of recurrent non-union. There was no loss of correction in the frontal or sagittal planes with the exception of one patient who developed an infection. None of the patients in the series required complementary anterior surgery. Conclusion: For revision surgery of scoliosis in the adult, a circumferential arthrodeis is needed to maintain the fusion. The TLIF method has the advantage of allowing intersomatic fusion via the posterior approach alone without opening the spinal canal. We consider that the TLIF technique is an alternative to two-phase procedures for revision surgery for scoliosis in adults. This method has given a good percentage of fusion in our series with little loss of correction.
Preparation of Alumina Ceramics with Uniformly Dispersed Micropores (1994)

Submicron micropores were uniformly dispersed in an alumina ceramic matrix by using the volume shrinkage accompanied by the decomposition of aluminum titanate (AT) into corundum and rutile. The methodology for the fabrication of the pore-dispersed alumina includes (1) homogeneous mixing of 2-8wt% TiO2 with alumina, (2) densification of AT-dispersed alumina, and (3) decomposition of AT into corundum and rutile with the formation of micropores. Such micropores are considered to release the residual thermal strain and to deflect cracks propagating in the alumina matrix.
Abstract 16535: Conditional Knockout of the Mitochondrial 18-kDa Translocator Protein Limits Heart Failure (2015)

Introduction: Heart failure results in myocyte and mitochondrial death, and is characterized by abnormalities in mitochondrial calcium handling, energy production, and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). The 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) has been shown to be significantly upregulated by heart failure in animals and in explanted hearts from patients, suggesting a vital role for this protein. Hypothesis: In the current experiments, we tested the hypothesis that conditional knockout of the TSPO using Cre inducible TSPO-floxed C57BL/6J mice would limit heart failure resulting from transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Methods: Mice in 4 groups_wild-type (WT) sham, WT TAC, KO sham, and KO TAC_were monitored by weekly echocardiography for 8 weeks, followed by downstream experiments. Results: TAC caused a 46±13% reduction in ejection fraction in WT mice, which was significantly lower in the KO mice (14±10%, P &lt; 0.01, Figure). Strain analysis revealed a significant improvement in radial, longitudinal, and circumferential strain in KO TAC mice, supported by tissue histology finding of significantly less collagen in KO TAC mice. KO TAC mice showed lower heart to body weight and lung to body weight ratios, with no KO TAC mice showing signs of pulmonary edema. Calcium uptake experiment using Rhod-2 AM in isolated cells revealed that KO TAC mice had higher mitochondrial calcium uptake, a crucial finding since mitochondrial calcium uptake has been shown to play a role in energetics and mPTP opening. Conclusion: Genetic modulation of the TSPO limits heart failure due to pressure overload, likely mediated by preserving mitochondrial calcium uptake and energy production, and possibly limiting mPTP opening. These data suggest that pharmacologic interventions that inhibit TSPO expression or function can limit heart failure at the sub-cellular level.
ChemInform Abstract: BASE CATALYZED REARRANGEMENTS INVOLVING YLIDE INTERMEDIATES. PART 15. THE MECHANISM OF THE STEVENS (1,2) REARRANGEMENT (1983)

Abstract Das bei 0 °C über ein Jahr stabile Ylid (I) lagert sich bei 60°C zum Aminopropiophenon (II) um, das vom Diphenylethan (III) und den Aminen (IV) und (V) begleitet wird.
Lippia origanoidesessential oil: an efficient and safe alternative to preserve food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products (2017)

This study allowed for the complete understanding of the antimicrobial action and toxicological potential of L. origanoides essential oil. These results facilitate the development of a preservative system based on L. origanoides essential oil.
Optimized visual recognition algorithm in service robots (2020)

Vision-based detection methods often require consideration of the robot’s sight. For example, panoramic images cause image distortion, which negatively affects the target recognition and spatial localization. Furthermore, the original you only look once method does not have a reasonable performance for the image recognition in the panoramic images. Consequently, some failures have been reported so far when implementing the visual recognition on the robot. In the present study, it is intended to optimize the conventional you only look once algorithm and propose the modified you only look once algorithm. Comparing the obtained results with the experiment shows that the modified you only look once method can be effectively applied in the graphics processing unit to reach the panoramic recognition speedup to 32 frames rate per second, which meets the real-time requirements in diverse applications. It is found that the accuracy of the object detection when applying the proposed modified you only look once method exceeds 70% in the studied cases.
Can drug compliance in the elderly be improved? (1977)

Three instruction schemes for self-medication in older patients were designed and compared to see whether they improved drug compliance. Forty-six patients in two rehabilitation units were divided into three different groups. Each group was instructed verbally on the nature and amount of their medication. One group was also given a tear-off calendar and a second group a tablet identification card as a memory aid. Patients were then responsible for taking their own medicine for 14 days. Those with calendars made fewer errors than those with cards, and those with either a card or a calendar made significantly fewer errors than those given only standard instructions.
U7 snRNA: A tool for gene therapy (2021)

Most U-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) are complexes that mediate the splicing of pre-mRNAs. U7 snRNP is an exception in that it is not involved in splicing but is a key factor in the unique 3' end processing of replication-dependent histone mRNAs. However, by introducing controlled changes in the U7 snRNA histone binding sequence and in the Sm motif, it can be used as an effective tool for gene therapy. The modified U7 snRNP (U7 Sm OPT) is thus not involved in the processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNA but targets splicing by inducing efficient skipping or inclusion of selected exons. U7 Sm OPT is of therapeutic importance in diseases that are an outcome of splicing defects, such as myotonic dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, β-thalassemia, HIV-1 infection and spinal muscular atrophy. The benefits of using U7 Sm OPT for gene therapy are its compact size, ability to accumulate in the nucleus without causing any toxic effects in the cells, and no immunoreactivity. The risk of transgene misregulation by using U7 Sm OPT is also low because it is involved in correcting the expression of an endogenous gene controlled by its own regulatory elements. Altogether, using U7 Sm OPT as a tool in gene therapy can ensure lifelong treatment, whereas an oligonucleotide or other drug/compound would require repeated administration. It would thus be strategic to harness these unique properties of U7 snRNP and deploy it as a tool in gene therapy.
MAZZOTTI REACTION AFTER PRESUMPTIVE TREATMENT FOR SCHISTOSOMIASIS AND STRONGYLOIDIASIS IN A LIBERIAN REFUGEE (2006)

We report a case of the Mazzotti reaction in a 13-year-old Liberian refugee after presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis with ivermectin, praziquantel and albendazole. The patient was hospitalized with fever, urticaria, abdominal pain and angioedema. Twelve hours after treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone he had complete resolution of his symptoms.
<title>Resolution recovery for list-mode reconstruction in SPECT</title> (2001)

We developed an iterative reconstruction method for SPECT which uses list-mode data instead of binned data. It uses a more accurate model of the collimator structure. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the resolution recovery and to compare its performance to other iterative resolution recovery methods in the case of high noise levels The source distribution is projected onto an intermediate layer. Doing this we obtain the complete emission radiance distribution as an angular sinogram. This step is independent of the acquisition system. To incorporate the resolution of the system we project the individual list-mode events over the collimator wells to the intermediate layer. This projection onto the angular sinogram will define the probability a photon from the source distribution will reach this specific location on the surface of the crystal, thus being accepted by the collimator hole. We compared the SPECT list-mode reconstruction to MLEM, OSEM and RBI. We used Gaussian shaped point sources with different FWHM at different noise levels. For these distributions we calculated the reconstructed images at different number of iterations. The modeling of the resolution in this algorithm leads to a better resolution recovery compared to other methods, which tend to overcorrect.
An Importance Sampling EM Algorithm for Latent Regression Models (2007)

Reporting methods used in large-scale assessments such as the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) rely on latent regression models. To fit the latent regression model using the maximum likelihood estimation technique, multivariate integrals must be evaluated. In the computer program MGROUP used by the Educational Testing Service for fitting the latent regression model to data from NAEP and other assessments, the integral is computed either by numerical quadrature or approximated. CGROUP, the current operational version of MGROUP used in NAEP for problems with more than two dimensions, uses Laplace approximation that may not provide fully satisfactory results, especially if the number of items per scale is small. This article examines a stochastic expectation-maximization (EM) method that uses importance sampling to NAEP-like settings. A simulation study and a real data analysis show that the importance sampling EM method provides a viable alternative to CGROUP for fitting multivariate latent regression models.
Catalytic Enantioselective Aldol‐type Reaction of β‐Ketosters with Acetals (2008)

Ein Katalysator für zwei Aktivierungen: Kationische Pd- und Pt-Komplexe katalysieren die enantioselektive Aldolreaktion von β-Ketoestern mit Acetalen (siehe Schema). Wegen der Bildung von Metallenolaten unter sauren Bedingungen können die Acetale als Elektrophile eingesetzt werden. Die gewünschten Aldolprodukte entstehen hoch diastereo- und enantioselektiv. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2008/z705344_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.