gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of activation of MHC nonrestricted cytotoxic cells by IL-12. (1993)

Freshly separated PBL and two IL-2-dependent clonal T cell lines (TALL-103/2 [TCR-gamma delta+] and TALL-104 [TCR-alpha beta+]) were used to dissect, at the cellular and molecular levels, the mechanisms governing the enhancing effects of IL-12 on MHC nonrestricted cytotoxic activity. IL-12 induced cytotoxicity both in PBL and TALL cells, although less efficiently than IL-2, and the two cytokines displayed additive effects. Unlike IL-2, IL-12 failed to enhance the CD3 or CD2 redirected killing of the TALL cell lines. Analysis of the percentage of E/T conjugates induced by these cytokines showed that IL-12 could increase PBL, but not TALL cell, binding only when used in combination with IL-2. This and the failure of IL-12 to increase the expression of several adhesion molecules on PBL and TALL cells indicated no significant role for IL-12 in the binding step of the lytic interaction. We also excluded that production of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, or IL-2 by the IL-12-activated effectors might account for the cytotoxicity-inducing effects of this cytokine. By contrast, IL-12 was found to induce cytotoxic granule formation in PBL and TALL cells and to up-regulate the expression of their cytolytic components, including perforin, serine esterases, and TIA-1, both at the protein and mRNA levels. The costimulatory action of IL-2 and IL-12 on granulogenesis and induction of cytolytic proteins correlated well with the additive effects on cytotoxicity. Studies with cyclohexamide and actinomycin D demonstrated that TALL cells but not PBL require de novo protein synthesis for expression of serine esterases and perforin mRNA after IL-2 and/or IL-12 stimulation, and that both cytokines act directly or indirectly at the transcriptional level. Overall, these data indicate that IL-12 acts mostly at a postbinding level of the lytic interaction, involving enhanced expression of cytotoxic mediators, and that IL-2 and IL-12 use partially distinct pathways to activate the MHC nonrestricted killer function of mature T cells and resting lymphocytes.
Distribution and developmentally regulated expression of murine polycystin (1997)

PKD1, the gene that is mutated in approximately 85% of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cases in humans, has recently been identified (Eur. PKD Consortium. Cell 77: 881-894, 1994; also, erratum in Cell 78: 1994). The longest open-reading frame of PKD1 encodes polycystin, a novel approximately 460-kDa protein that contains a series of NH2-terminal adhesive domains (J. Hughes, C. J. Ward, B. Peral, R. Aspinwall, K. Clark, J. San Millan, V. Gamble, and P. C. Harris. Nat. Genet. 10: 151-160, 1995; and Int. PKD Consortium. Cell 81: 289-298, 1995) and several putative transmembrane segments. To extend studies of polycystin to an experimentally accessible animal, we have isolated a cDNA clone encoding the 3' end of Pkd1, the mouse homologue of PKD1, and raised a specific antibody to recombinant murine polycystin. This antibody was used to determine the subcellular localization and tissue distribution of the protein by Western analysis and immunocytochemistry. In the mouse, polycystin is an approximately 400-kDa molecule that is predominantly found in membrane fractions of tissue and cell extracts. It is expressed in many tissues including kidney, liver, pancreas, heart, intestine, lung, and brain. Renal expression, which is confined to tubular epithelia, is highest in late fetal and early neonatal life and drops 20-fold by the third postnatal week, maintaining this level into adulthood. Thus the temporal profile of polycystin expression coincides with kidney tubule differentiation and maturation.
Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Migration and Invasion of Cancer Cells via the Restoration of RECK Expression (2010)

Hypoxia is a strong signal for cell migration and invasion in cancer. The reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motif (RECK), a tumor suppressor, inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion and is frequently silenced in aggressive tumor cells by histone deacetylases (HDAC). However, the effect of RECK silencing in several cancer cells in a hypoxic microenvironment has not been fully delineated. In this report, we investigated whether hypoxia suppressed RECK expression and used HDAC inhibitor (HDACI) inhibition to restore RECK expression to inhibit cancer cell migration and invasion. HDACIs, including trichostatin A (TSA), completely rescued RECK expression, which was suppressed by hypoxia, in the H-Ras-transformed human breast MCF10A and the HT1080 cell lines (human fibrosarcoma). TSA suppressed the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9, induced by hypoxia, and significantly inhibited hypoxia-stimulated migration and invasion of both cancer cells. RECK overexpression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells induced by hypoxia. The hypoxic effect on the migration and invasion of cells was equivalent to the effect seen using the small interfering RNA (siRNA) of RECK under normoxia, suggesting an inhibitory role for RECK in hypoxic conditions. We also showed that siRNA silencing of HDAC1 suppressed hypoxia-induced RECK downregulation and inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells. In conclusion, the inhibition of HDAC successfully restored the expression of RECK under hypoxic conditions. This resulted in the inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion through the repression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity.
Design and Analysis of a Dual Mover Linear Oscillating Actuator for a Totally Artificial Heart (2022)

The paper investigates a novel configuration of a linear oscillating actuator (LOA) with permanent magnet (PM) mover for a totally artificial heart (TAH). This electromagnetic device integrates a dual motion effect driving two independent movers connected to two chambers that emulate the left and the right ventricles, respectively. After an overview of formerly proposed configurations, the specific design targets of this TAH project are presented, evidencing its demanding constraints as for its sizes and performances. On this basis, a preliminarily devised LOA configuration is refined by 2D finite element analyses, according to the force profiles, the energy consumption being the same. The consistency with the expected targets is confirmed, identifying a suitable supply strategy to enhance the thrust performance. Afterward, a parametric analysis, taking into account the thrust profile evenness by suitable indices, leads to further performance improvements.
Turn-key calibration of counter-propagating multiple beam 3D trapping system (2008)

Optical trapping by use of multiple counter-propagating beam traps has not been widely implemented outside optical engineering laboratories. One, if not the primary, reason for this is the relatively complex calibration procedures involved in connection with this optical geometry. In this talk, we present automated solutions to all the calibration issues, which in effect results in a turn-key counter-propagating multi-beam 3D trapping system. These results allow a wider audience to utilize counter-propagating beam trapping systems. The calibrated system can be used to independently manipulate a plurality of cells real-time in a large 3D working area. Optionally, the system can be extended to allow for use of various spectroscopic methods concurrently with optical manipulation/trapping.
New Examples of 1,6- and 1,7-Hydrogen Transfer Promoted by an α-Silyl Group in Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Radical Reactions of Acyclic Enediynes (1998)

A rhodium(I) catalyst triggers cycloaromatization of ω-trialkylsilylated acyclic enediynes to afford benzosilacycloalkane or vinylsilane products via 1,6- and/or 1,7-hydrogen transfer, presumably effected by radical stabilization by an α-silyl moiety and via a seven- and/or eight-membered rhodacycle intermediate. The addition of a catalytic amount of dimethyl maleate is essential to obtain better yields of the products.
Multivariable Adaptive Identification and Control for Artificial Pancreas Systems (2014)

A constrained weighted recursive least squares method is proposed to provide recursive models with guaranteed stability and better performance than models based on regular identification methods in predicting the variations of blood glucose concentration in patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Use of physiological information from a sports armband improves glucose concentration prediction and enables earlier recognition of the effects of physical activity on glucose concentration. Generalized predictive controllers (GPC) based on these recursive models are developed. The performance of GPC for artificial pancreas systems is illustrated by simulations with UVa-Padova simulator and clinical studies. The controllers developed are good candidates for artificial pancreas systems with no announcements from patients.
Abdominal Computed Tomography for the Diagnosis of Intra-abdominal Sepsis in Critically Injured Patients (1999)

Abdominal computed tomographic scans reliably identify intra-abdominal foci of infection in patients with major trauma evaluated for sepsis of unknown origin.
Effect of High Shear Rate on In-Situ Gelation of a Xanthan/Cr(III) System (1990)

ABSTRACT An experimental investigation of the effect of high shear rates on the mechanisms of in situ gelation and development of flow resistance of a xanthan/Cr(III) gel system in sandpacks was made to simulate the conditions around a wellbore during a gel treatment. Gel solutions were mixed in-line to give an injected solution concentration of 1,500 ppm xanthan and 50 ppm Cr(III). Such a gel system has a gel time in bulk in the neighborhood of 15 hours. A 15 foot length of unconsolidated sand was used as the porous medium. The effect of high shear rates was examined by varying the frontal velocity from 12 to 120 ft/d. During each gel displacement, pressure drops across sub-sections of the sandpack were recorded as well as data on the effluent. Gelation behavior and Cr(III) concentrations of effluent samples were measured. In gel displacements conducted at linear velocities between 11 to 35 ft/d. a high flow resistance developed at a specific location in the sandpacks confirming earlier work of Hejri et al.1,5. The build-up in flow resistance (in situ gelation) was accompanied by a reduced polymer concentration downstream of this location, which was inferred from reduced pressure drops and reduced effluent viscosity. The location of this region of high flow resistance was correlated linearly as a function of frontal velocity. Studies performed on effluent samples indicated that a large amount of Cr(III) and polymer were retained in the sandpacks. Moreover, the high flow resistances developed at a location where the age of the flowing solution was around 10 hours, corresponding approximately to the point where the viscosity starts to increase for this gel system.1. At frontal velocities of 83 and 118 ft/d no significant flow resistance developed in these sandpacks. The residence time was apparently too small and the shear rate too large for in situ gelation to occur. The results of the experiments indicate that in situ gelation is mainly controlled by the kinetics of the gelation reaction and gel/polymer retention.
A new structural pattern matching algorithm for technology mapping (2001)

In this paper, a new structural matching algorithm for technology mapping is proposed. The algorithm is based on a key observation that the matches for a node in a subject Boolean network are related to the matches for its children. The structural relationships between the library cells are modeled using a lookup table. The proposed method is fast, has low memory usage, and is easy to implement. Experimental results show speedups of 20x over Matsunaga's fast mapping approach, and orders of magnitude over SIS, with the same or slightly better results, and much lower memory utilization.
Mixed semiconductor component quantum supralattices: Silver, sodium chloro, iodo‐sodalites (1991)

Communication: Resonant tunneling quantum dot transistors or high‐gain heterojunction multiple quantum dot laser arrays are two potential applications of the title compounds. The new materials are composed of periodic arrays of all‐space filling β‐cages containing atomically precise, organized assemblies of single‐size and shape M 4 X clusters, (see figure). equation image
Alveolar Proteinosis and Phospholipidoses of the Lungs*1 (1991)

Three pulmonary disease conditions result from the accumulation of phospholipids in the lung. These conditions are the human lung disease known as pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, the lipoproteinosis that arises in the lungs of rats during acute silicosis, and the phospholipidoses induced by numerous cationic amphiphilic therapeutic agents. In this paper, the status of phospholipid metabolism in the lungs during the process of each of these lung conditions has been reviewed and possible mechanisms for their establishment are discussed. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is characterized by the accumulation of tubular myelin-like multilamellated structures in the alveoli and distal airways of patients. These structures appear to be formed by a process of spontaneous assembly involving surfactant protein A and surfactant phospholipids. Structures similar to tubular myelin-like multilamellated structures can be seen in the alveoli of rats during acute silicosis and, as with the human condition, both surfactant protein A and surfactant phospholipids accumulate in the alveoli. Excessive accumulation of surfactant protein A and surfactant phospholipids in the alveoli could arise from their overproduction and hypersecretion by a subpopulation of Type II cells that are activated by silica, and possibly other agents. Phospholipidoses caused by cationic amphiphilic therapeutic agents arise as a result of their inhibition of phospholipid catabolism. Inhibition of phospholipases results in the accumulation of phospholipids in the cytoplasm of alveolar macrophages and other cells. While inhibition of phospholipases by these agents undoubtedly occurs, there are many anomalous features, such as the accumulation of extracellular phospholipids and surfactant protein A, that cannot be accounted for by this simplistic hypothesis.
Survivable Optical Grid Dimensioning: Anycast Routing with Server and Network Failure Protection (2011)

Grids can efficiently deal with challenging computational and data processing tasks which cutting edge science is generating today. So-called e-Science grids cope with these complex task by deploying geographically distributed server infrastructure, interconnected by high speed networks. The latter benefit from optical technology, offering low latencies and high bandwidths, thus giving rise to so-called optical grids or lambda grids. In this paper, we address the dimensioning problem of such grids: how to decide how much server infrastructure to deploy, at which locations in a given topology, the amount of network capacity to provide and which routes to follow along them. Compared to earlier work, we propose an integrated solution solving these questions in an integrated way, i.e., we jointly optimize network and server capacity, and incorporate resiliency against both network and server failures. Assuming we are given the amount of resource reservation requests arriving at each network node (where a resource reservation implies to reserve both processing capacity at a server site, and a network connection towards it), we solve the problem of first choosing a predetermined number of server locations to use, and subsequently determine the routes to follow while minimizing resource requirements. In a case study on a meshed European network comprising 28 nodes and 41 links, we show that compared to classical (i.e. without relocation) shared path protection against link failures only, we can offer resilience against both single link and network failures by adding about 55% extra server capacity, and 26% extra wavelengths.
Current Status of Vaccines for Schistosomiasis (2008)

Schistosomiasis, caused by trematode blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma, is recognized as the most important human helminth infection in terms of morbidity and mortality. Infection follows direct contact with freshwater harboring free-swimming larval (cercaria) forms of the parasite. Despite the existence of the highly effective antischistosome drug praziquantel (PZQ), schistosomiasis is spreading into new areas, and although it is the cornerstone of current control programs, PZQ chemotherapy does have limitations. In particular, mass treatment does not prevent reinfection. Furthermore, there is increasing concern about the development of parasite resistance to PZQ. Consequently, vaccine strategies represent an essential component for the future control of schistosomiasis as an adjunct to chemotherapy. An improved understanding of the immune response to schistosome infection, both in animal models and in humans, suggests that development of a vaccine may be possible. This review considers aspects of antischistosome protective immunity that are important in the context of vaccine development. The current status in the development of vaccines against the African (Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium) and Asian (S. japonicum) schistosomes is then discussed, as are new approaches that may improve the efficacy of available vaccines and aid in the identification of new targets for immune attack.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst Design in Oxidation Chemistry; from KMnO4 to Artificial Metalloenzymes (2014)

Abstract Review: 198 refs.
The carbohydrate switch between pathogenic and immunosuppressive antigen‐specific antibodies (2013)

IgG antibodies have one conserved N-glycosylation site at Asn 297 in each of their constant heavy chain regions. These Fc glycans influence the overall structure and pro- or anti-inflammatory effector functions of IgG antibodies. The biantennary core glycan structure, consisting of four N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and three mannose residues, can be further decorated with fucose, a bisecting GlcNAc and terminal galactose or galactose plus sialic acid. Non-galactosylated (agalactosylated; G0) IgG antibodies have long been associated with pro-inflammatory effector functions in autoimmune patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In contrast, it has been shown that sialylated IgGs are responsible for anti-inflammatory effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG; purified IgG from pooled human plasma), which is administered at high doses (2 g/kg) for the systemic treatment of autoimmune patients. It has become increasingly evident that pro-inflammatory immune responses, such as autoimmune reactions, primarily induce antigen-specific G0 IgGs, whereas tolerance induces immunosuppressive galactosylated and sialylated IgGs. Under physiological conditions, differentially glycosylated IgGs mediate their pro- or anti-inflammatory effector functions obviously as immune complexes (IC) in an antigen-specific manner. Therefore, antigen-specific galactosylated and sialylated IgGs may be a promising therapeutic tool for re-establishing tolerance against defined (self-) antigens in autoimmune or allergic patients. Here, we summarize these findings and outline our viewpoint on the development and function of differentially glycosylated antigen-specific IgG antibodies.
Ser217Leu polymorphism of the HPC2/ELAC2 gene associated with prostatic cancer risk in Japanese men (2003)

The HPC2/ELAC2 gene may be associated with hereditary/familial prostate cancer (PCa). Two common missense variants (Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr) have been reported in the gene. We performed mutational, allelotyping and expression analyses and a molecular epidemiological study to clarify the relations between this gene and prostatic diseases, including PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Japanese men. We screened for mutations in 109 patients with PCa including 11 patients from 1 hereditary and 9 familial PCa. Loss of heterozygosity and expression were analyzed. An epidemiological study was done in sporadic PCa (n=98) and BPH (n=143) using 1 novel (Ser627Leu) and 2 previously described polymorphisms of the HPC2/ELAC2 gene. Somatic or germline mutations were not confirmed in any cases of PCa. Loss of heterozygosity at 2 microsatellites, D17S1289 and D17S520, was detected in 1 of 38 and 1 of 35 cases, respectively. Expression analysis revealed decreased or absent mRNA expression in 6 of 38 tumors. Epidemiologic analysis showed that a Leu allele at codon 217 was significantly more frequent in patients with PCa than in controls (10.2% vs. 3.5%, odds ratio = 3.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-7.90). At codon 541, all patients with PCa or BPH and all control subjects had the Ala/Ala genotype. At codon 627, the incidence of the Leu variant was slightly, but not significantly, higher in patients with BPH than in controls (7.0% vs. 2.8%, odds ratio = 2.59, 95% confidence interval, 0.94-7.13, not statistically significant). We concluded that germline/somatic mutations of HPC2/ELAC2 are uncommon in PCa. Similarly, allelic imbalances at the gene locus and changes in expression are rare. Although no difference in allele frequency at Ser217Leu between patients with PCa and controls has been reported in a Western population, this polymorphism is a potential indicator of PCa risk in Japanese men and it should be examined in other ethnic groups.
Synthesis and Properties of N,N′‐Dialkylimidazolium Bis(nonafluorobutane‐1‐sulfonyl)imides: A New Subfamily of Ionic Liquids. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
La propension à l’interdisciplinarité des étudiants en situation d’innovation (2014)

L’article vise à qualifier le comportement des étudiants lorsqu’ils sont confrontés à l’interdisciplinarité en situation d’innovation. Nous montrons que les étudiants disposent d’une appétence pour les travaux de groupe réalisés avec d’autres élèves du supérieur spécialisés dans d’autres disciplines. Cette propension à l’interdisciplinarité diffère selon le type d’étudiant et les établissements. Les résultats avancés dans cet article proviennent du traitement des données issues de la plateforme Studyka. Cette plateforme en ligne permet à des étudiants de se mettre en relation, quels que soient leur spécialité et leur établissement pour travailler ensemble et relever un challenge autour de l’innovation.