gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
One- and two-photon pumped soft lithographed DFB laser systems based on semiconductor core-shell quantum dots (2010)

In the last years inorganic semiconductor (particularly CdSe and CdS) quantum dots (QDs) have received great attention for their important optical properties. The possibility to tune the emission wavelength, together with their high fluorescence quantum efficiency and photostability, can be exploited in photonic and optoelectronic technological applications. The design of DFB devices, based on QDs as active optical material, leads to the realization of compact laser systems. In this work we explore the use of an inorganic/organic hybrid material composed of CdSe-ZnS semiconductor quantum dots doped into a zirconia sol-gel matrix for optical gain applications. Through the use of soft lithography on a sol-gel germania-silica hybrid, large scale distributed feedback gratings can be created. Used in conjunction with the CdSe-ZnS/ZrO<sub>2</sub> hybrids, these gratings can act as microcavities and allow for the realization of true lasing action. The lasing properties within these devices are characterized in the femtosecond regime by both one- and two-photon excitation. From experimental data the value of the optical gain of the core-shell quantum dot samples has been estimated. Moreover, one- and two-photon lasing threshold and stability are reported.
Salt tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana requires maturation of N -glycosylated proteins in the Golgi apparatus (2008)

Protein N-glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in the Golgi apparatus is an essential process in eukaryotic cells. Although the N-glycosylation pathway in the ER has been shown to regulate protein quality control, salt tolerance, and cellulose biosynthesis in plants, no biological roles have been linked functionally to N-glycan modifications that occur in the Golgi apparatus. Herein, we provide evidence that mutants defective in N-glycan maturation, such as complex glycan 1 (cgl1), are more salt-sensitive than wild type. Salt stress caused growth inhibition, aberrant root-tip morphology, and callose accumulation in cgl1, which were also observed in an ER oligosaccharyltransferase mutant, staurosporin and temperature sensitive 3a (stt3a). Unlike stt3a, cgl1 did not cause constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response. Instead, aberrant modification of the plasma membrane glycoprotein KORRIGAN 1/RADIALLY SWOLLEN 2 (KOR1/RSW2) that is necessary for cellulose biosynthesis occurred in cgl1 and stt3a. Genetic analyses identified specific interactions among rsw2, stt3a, and cgl1 mutations, indicating that the function of KOR1/RSW2 protein depends on complex N-glycans. Furthermore, cellulose deficient rsw1-1 and rsw2-1 plants were also salt-sensitive. These results establish that plant protein N-glycosylation functions beyond protein folding in the ER and is necessary for sufficient cell-wall formation under salt stress.
The Major Envelope Glycoprotein of Murid Herpesvirus 4 Promotes Sexual Transmission (2017)

Gammaherpesviruses are important human and animal pathogens. Infection control has proven difficult because the key process of transmission is ill understood. Murid herpesvirus 4 (MuHV-4), a gammaherpesvirus of mice, is transmitted sexually. We show that this depends on the major virion envelope glycoprotein gp150. gp150 is redundant for host entry, and <i>in vitro</i>, it regulates rather than promotes cell binding. We show that gp150-deficient MuHV-4 reaches and replicates normally in the female genital tract after nasal infection but is poorly released from vaginal epithelial cells and fails to pass from the female to the male genital tract during sexual contact. Thus, we show that the regulation of virion binding is a key component of spontaneous gammaherpesvirus transmission.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Gammaherpesviruses are responsible for many important diseases in both animals and humans. Some important aspects of their life cycle are still poorly understood. Key among these is viral transmission. Here we show that the major envelope glycoprotein of murid herpesvirus 4 functions not in entry or dissemination but in virion release to allow sexual transmission to new hosts.
Power-MOSFET, hypersonic inverter with high-quality output current (1990)

Results of an investigation of a power-MOSFET-based, voltage-controlled, three-phase inverter operating at switching frequencies exceeding those used in typical supersonic inverters by one order of magnitude are reported. The inverter, called hypersonic, employs an original, random pulse width modulation strategy with the so-called optimal harmonic modulating functions. Real-time-generated (in a simple microprocessor system), high-frequency switching patterns result in a practically pure sinusoidal output current and an increased fundamental of the maximum obtainable output voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Low‐Temperature Densification of Lanthanum Strontium Manganite (La 1− x Sr x MnO 3+δ ), x =0.0–0.20 (2009)

Intermediate‐stage sintering of lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM, where Sr=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) was shown in dilatometry studies to be accelerated when subjected to alternating flows of air and nitrogen. The extent of rate enhancement decreased with increased Sr content, and decreased with increased temperature, which coincides with diminished oxygen nonstoichiometry. Shrinkage rates were further shown to be sensitive to the difference in oxygen content in the alternating gas flows. Baseline air sintering rates were measured using stepwise isothermal dilatometry, from which kinetic parameters were calculated using the Makipirtti–Meng model. Activation energies for sintering in air were determined to be 255 ± 26, 258 ± 28, 308 ± 32, 373 ± 37, and 417 ± 41 kJ/mol for Sr=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20, respectively. A diffusion‐based model is proposed that is consistent with trends in accelerated shrinkage versus temperature. Transient cation vacancy gradients, which lead to higher cation mobility, were calculated from established oxygen diffusivities and oxygen nonstoichiometry as a function of temperature and time. A potential application of this approach is the processing of LSM‐based cathode‐side contact pastes in solid oxide fuel cells.
Quantifying software validation: when to stop testing? (1989)

The authors explain how to use reliability models to determine how much system testing to do and how to allocate resources among the components to be tested. They begin by discussing the basic concepts of software reliability. They examine the functions, presuppositions, and basic procedures of system testing, as well as testing comparison and the use of calendar-time component to predict when testing will be completed. They then discuss acceptance testing. The authors conclude with examples of actual applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wireless in-building services and architectures (2002)

In response to market and competitive pressures, wireless service providers are enhancing their public system coverage and providing premium private system services to business and institutional customers by extending their coverage into buildings. Current market estimates indicate that as much as 35% of the future market for radio base stations may be related to in-building services. Among the premium services being considered are rate discounts, based on location for business and high-density public service areas, and wireless business services, which provide wireless extensions to wired business systems for workers who need to be both mobile and accessible. This paper describes the markets for in-building wireless services, with an emphasis on wireless business services, and outlines the technical attributes required of radio and switching products that are unique to in-building applications.
Reference object processing in on-the-fly garbage collection (2014)

Most proposals for on-the-fly garbage collection ignore the question of Java's weak and other reference types. However, we show that reference types are heavily used in DaCapo benchmarks. Of the few collectors that do address this issue, most block mutators, either globally or individually, while processing reference types. We introduce a new framework for processing reference types on-the-fly in Jikes RVM. Our framework supports both insertion and deletion write barriers. We have model checked our algorithm and incorporated it in our new implementation of the Sapphire on-the-fly collector. Using a deletion barrier, we process references while mutators are running in less than three times the time that previous approaches take while mutators are halted; our overall execution times are no worse, and often better.
Matrix Glycoprotein SC1/ECM2 Augments B Lymphopoiesis (1997)

The extracellular matrix produced by stromal cells plays a critical role in lympho-hematopoiesis. It was recently discovered that matrix glycoprotein SC1/ECM2 is a component of that matrix and preliminary evidence suggested that it could contribute to the nurturing environment for B-lymphocyte precursors. A fusion protein prepared from the amino terminal portion of SC1/ECM2 and the constant region of human Ig preferentially bound to pre-B cells. Furthermore, the cloning efficiency of interleukin-7-dependent B-cell precursors was increased in a dose-dependent manner by addition of this fusion protein. We now report the complete cDNA sequence for murine SC1/ECM2 and its localization to the central region of chromosome 5. A fusion protein prepared from the full length of SC1/ECM2 and Ig was found to recognize pre-B cells in a divalent cation-dependent manner, and to augment mitogen-dependent proliferation of mature B cells, as well as the cloning of pre-B cells, but to have no influence on myeloid progenitor cells. Although SC1/ECM2 is normally a secreted protein, we show that it is also capable of augmenting lymphopoiesis when expressed as a transmembrane protein on fibroblasts. Although the C-terminal portion of SC1/ECM2 has sequence homology to osteonectin/SPARC, the unique N-terminal one fifth of the protein was sufficient to augment lymphocyte growth.
Conversion of faujasites to high-silica chabazite SSZ-13 in the presence of N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantammonium iodide (1991)

The hydrothermal synthetic conversion of aluminium-rich zeolites to organo-zeolites in the presence of N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantammonium cations is now extended to the faujasite system. Rates of conversion are seen to be dramatically affected by various treatments of the FAU (faujasite) zeolites. Rates are depressed by steaming FAU zeolites, by ion-exchanging them with unreactive organic cations, or by silylating the surface of the zeolite. Surprisingly, the inhibition is removed by calcining away the organosilyl groups. For a reactive FAU zeolite (Y-62), the extent of conversion was proportional to organo-cation content, with other variables fixed; rates of conversion were also related to hydroxide ion concentration at the start of reaction.
Fast parallel association rule mining without candidacy generation (2002)

In this paper we introduce a new parallel algorithm MLFPT (multiple local frequent pattern tree) for parallel mining of frequent patterns, based on FP-growth mining, that uses only two full I/O scans of the database, eliminating the need for generating candidate items, and distributing the work fairly among processors. We have devised partitioning strategies at different stages of the mining process to achieve near optimal balancing between processors. We have successfully tested our algorithm on datasets larger than 50 million transactions.
Crystalline salts of sucrose octasulfate. (1980)

Sulfation of sucrose with pyridine-sulfur trioxide was carried out in dimethylformamide and pyridine, and the degree of sulfation of the sodium salt of sucrose sulfate thus obtained was estimated from the ratio of sulfur to carbon content (S/C). The sulfates prepared with 9-15 molar equivalents of pyridine-sulfur trioxide in dimethylformamide and those prepared with 5 and 9 equivalents in pyridine were identified as sucrose octasulfate. Potassium, cesium, rubidium, and ammonium salts of sucrose octasulfate were obtained as crystals.
Dielectric Constants of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes at Various Frequencies (2007)

A cylindrical rod composed of a uniform mixture of single-wall carbon nanotubes and alumina powders dissolved in paraffin was inserted in the center of a radio frequency cavity. The complex dielectric constant of carbon tubes at various frequencies was measured by a resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) meter and a microwave network analyzer. The cylindrical rod benefits the protection of the sample from adsorbing moisture and preventing the rod from filling with air, thus making accuracy experiment values. The real part and the imaginary part of the dielectric constants of single-wall carbon nanotubes are, respectively, increase and decrease in magnitudes as frequency increases satisfactorily in complying with the portray from the free electron Drude model.
Engineering the phase speed of surface-plasmon wave at the planar interface of a metal and a chiral sculptured thin film (2008)

The solution of a boundary-value problem formulated for a modified Kretschmann configuration shows that the phase speed of a surface-plasmon wave guided by the planar interface of a sufficiently thin metal film and a chiral sculptured thin film (STF) depends on the vapor incidence angle used while fabricating the chiral STF by physical vapor deposition. Therefore, it may be possible to engineer the phase speed quite simply by selecting an appropriate value of the vapor deposition angle (in addition to the metal and the evaporant species). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1966–1970, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23511
Differential two-signal picosecond-pulse coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging microscopy by using a dual-mode optical parametric oscillator (2007)

We propose and demonstrate a novel differential two-signal technique of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging microscopy using a picosecond (ps) optical parametric oscillator (OPO). By adjusting a Lyot filter inside the cavity, we operated the OPO oscillating in two stable modes separated by a few nanometers. The CARS images generated by the two modes are separated by a spectrograph behind the microscope setup, and their differential image is directly obtained by balanced lock-in detection. The feasibility of the technique is experimentally verified by imaging micrometer-sized polystyrene beads immersed in water.
PAS Domains: Internal Sensors of Oxygen, Redox Potential, and Light (1999)

PAS domains are newly recognized signaling domains that are widely distributed in proteins from members of the Archaea and Bacteria and from fungi, plants, insects, and vertebrates. They function as input modules in proteins that sense oxygen, redox potential, light, and some other stimuli. Specificity in sensing arises, in part, from different cofactors that may be associated with the PAS fold. Transduction of redox signals may be a common mechanistic theme in many different PAS domains. PAS proteins are always located intracellularly but may monitor the external as well as the internal environment. One way in which prokaryotic PAS proteins sense the environment is by detecting changes in the electron transport system. This serves as an early warning system for any reduction in cellular energy levels. Human PAS proteins include hypoxia-inducible factors and voltage-sensitive ion channels; other PAS proteins are integral components of circadian clocks. Although PAS domains were only recently identified, the signaling functions with which they are associated have long been recognized as fundamental properties of living cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme Nanoarchitectonics: Organization and Device Application (2013)

Abstract Review: 251 refs.
Functional MRI of the thoracic spinal cord during vibration sensation (2012)

This is the first study to provide proof of principle that functional imaging of the entire thoracic spinal cord is possible, by detecting neuronal activity in the thoracic spinal cord during sensory stimulation using spinal fMRI.
Ultradian rhythm in the intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans is controlled by the C-terminal region of the FLR-1 ion channel and the hydrophobic domain of the FLR-4 protein kinase (2011)

Defecation behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans is driven by an endogenous ultradian clock in the intestine. Its periods are positively regulated by FLR-1, an ion channel of the epithelial sodium channel/degenerin superfamily, and FLR-4, a protein kinase with a hydrophobic domain at the carboxyl terminus. FLR-1 has many putative phosphorylation sites in the C-terminal intracellular region. This structure implies that the periods may be regulated by the phosphorylation of FLR-1 by FLR-4, but it remains to be clarified. Here, we show that a truncated FLR-1 lacking the C-terminal intracellular region resulted in longer periods, suggesting that this region is involved in the negative regulation of defecation cycle periods. Contrary to our expectation, FLR-4 was still necessary for the function of the truncated FLR-1. Furthermore, FLR-4 containing a kinase-dead mutation or lacking the whole kinase domain was sufficient for normal defecation cycle periods. FLR-4 was necessary for the stable expression of FLR-1::GFP, and its hydrophobic domain was sufficient also for this function. FLR-1 and FLR-4 are often colocalized in the plasma membrane. These data showed an unexpected role of FLR-4: its hydrophobic domain stabilizes the FLR-1 ion channel, a key regulator of defecation cycle periods in the intestine.
Figure S3 from Immunomodulatory Monoclonal Antibodies Combined with Peptide Vaccination Provide Potent Immunotherapy in an Aggressive Murine Neuroblastoma Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S3 - PDF file 113K, Figure S3. Tumor growth is abrogated after anti-CTLA-4 and GWEPDDNPI therapy. Mice were injected s.c. with 2 x 106 AgN2a (A) or NXS2 (B) neuroblastoma cells. Tumour growth was monitored throughout and the average of two perpendicular measurements was determined. Mice were culled when tumour size reached greater than 225 mm2. Data represents an example of three experiments, where n = 5 mice / group&lt;/p&gt;
The Inhibitory Effect of WenxinKeli on H9C2 Cardiomyocytes Hypertrophy Induced by Angiotensin II through Regulating Autophagy Activity (2017)

We propose a novel role of WXKL as a likely inhibitor of cardiac hypertrophy by regulation of pathological autophagy.
A programmable electrically braked ergometer (1983)

Research protocols require that the actual braking power (Wb) of electrically braked ergometers (EBE) is precisely set at the chosen power level, stable, and universally programmable. No commercially available EBEs appear to meet jointly the above conditions. In fact, EBE settings were found to deviate up to 25% from the reference level (WR), their Wb to drop as a result of increased temperature as much as 30% within 1 h of continuous operation, and the programming features to be limited and rigid. To overcome the above pitfalls a procedure for building or improving EBEs is presented whereby 1) the stator of the brake used as a dynamometer is mounted on ball bearings, the torque being transmitted to a strain gauge; 2) the number of revolutions of the rotor is measured on a cogwheel by a proximity detector and an impulse counter; and 3) the torque and impulse number signals are fed into a low-priced microcomputer controlling the brake's power supply. The device has proved to be satisfactory in following any preprogrammed exercise-forcing functions. In the range approximately 10-500 W, Wb = WR +/- 1%.
Proteasome Regulators: Activators and Inhibitors (2009)

This mini review covers the drug discovery aspect of both proteasome activators and inhibitors. The proteasome is involved in many essential cellular functions, such as regulation of cell cycle, cell differentiation, signal transduction pathways, antigen processing for appropriate immune responses, stress signaling, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. Due to the importance of the proteasome in cellular functions, inhibition or activation of the proteasome could become a useful therapeutic strategy for a variety of diseases. Many proteasome inhibitors have been identified and can be classified into two groups according to their source: chemically synthesized small molecules and compounds derived from natural products. A successful example of development of a proteasome inhibitor as a clinically useful drug is the peptide boronate, PS341 (Bortezomib), was approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma. In contrast to proteasome inhibitors, small molecules that can activate or enhance proteasome activity are rare and are not well studied. The fact that over-expression of the cellular proteasome activator PA28 exhibited beneficial effects on the Huntington's disease neuronal model cells raised the prospect that small molecule proteasome activators could become useful therapeutics. The beneficial effect of oleuropein, a small molecule proteasome activator, on senescence of human fibroblasts also suggested that proteasome activators might have the potential to be developed into anti-aging agents.
Cutaneous sarcoidosis without systemic involvement: A modest face of the great imitator. (2020)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas of multiple organs in the body resulting in a myriad of symptoms. Amidst the unpredictable, multisystem presentation of this disease, cutaneous symptoms that develop early in the course of the disease, acquire a particular significance as a source of timely and early diagnosis. Here we describe a case of a fifty-fiveyear-old lady with sarcoidosis that manifested as an isolated cutaneous disorder. This article not only reports this occurrence that has been rarely reported in literature but also reviews the cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis relevant to the dermatologist.
Experimental Characterization of Vortex Generators Induced Noise of Wind Turbines (2018)

The wind energy industry is progressively aiming towards larger wind turbine size as a means of increasing energy production efficiency. Wind turbine rotor blades are becoming significantly more flexible and have an increased risk of structural failure. Thicker airfoil profiles can be used to increase the structural strength. However, thicker airfoils are more prone to flow separation with adverse effect on power generation. Vortex generators (VGs) are an effective solution to delay flow separation. However, VGs significantly increase radiated noise levels. This presented research experimentally investigates the effect of VGs on blade noise production. Specifically, the influence of the VG geometric shape is evaluated while keeping the dimensions constant. Wind tunnel tests have been carried out on a NACA 0018 that is equipped with triangular vane-type VGs specifically designed for the test conditions. A microphone phased array is used to assess the radiated noise using the beamforming technique. The results show that the VGs significantly contribute to increase the blade noise production with having a predominant role at high-frequencies where the VG acts as a non-compact aeroacoustic source.