gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable Nanocapsules as siRNA Carriers for Mutant K‐Ras Gene Silencing of Human Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells (2013)

The application of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based RNA interference (RNAi) for cancer gene therapy has attracted great attention. Gene therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment because it is relatively non-invasive and has a higher therapeutic specificity than chemotherapy. However, without the use of safe and efficient carriers, siRNAs cannot effectively penetrate the cell membranes and RNAi is impeded. In this work, cationic poly(lactic acid) (CPLA)-based degradable nanocapsules (NCs) are utilized as novel carriers of siRNA for effective gene silencing of pancreatic cancer cells. These CPLA-NCs can readily form nanoplexes with K-Ras siRNA and over 90% transfection efficiency is achieved using the nanoplexes. Cell viability studies show that the nanoparticles are highly biocompatible and non-toxic, indicating that CPLA-NC is a promising potential candidate for gene therapy in a clinical setting.
Ein Cubancluster mit dem [MoFe 3 S 4 ] 0 -GerÜst und seine mÖgliche Relevanz im Hinblick auf die Fe 3 -Zentren in Ferredoxinen: das [Fe 3 S 4 (SEt) 3 Mo(CO) 3 ] 3⊖ -Ion Professor Hans Bock zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet Diese Arbeit wurde von den National Institutes of Health (GM-26671) gefÖrdert. (1988)

No Abstract.
Simple room temperature bonding of thermoplastics and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (2010)

We describe a simple and versatile method for bonding thermoplastics to elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at room temperature. The bonding of various thermoplastics including polycarbonate (PC), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and polystyrene (PS), to PDMS has been demonstrated at room temperature. An irreversible bonding was formed instantaneously when the thermoplastics, activated by oxygen plasma followed by aminopropyltriethoxysilane modification, were brought into contact with the plasma treated PDMS. The surface modified thermoplastics were characterized by water contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The tensile strength of the bonded hybrid devices fabricated with PC, COC, PMMA, and PS was found to be 430, 432, 385, and 388 kPa, respectively. The assembled devices showed high burst resistance at a maximum channel pressure achievable by an in-house built syringe pump, 528 kPa. Furthermore, they displayed very high hydrolytic stability; no significant change was observed even after the storage in water at 37 °C over a period of three weeks. In addition, this thermoplastic-to-PDMS bonding technique has been successfully employed to fabricate a relatively large sized device. For example, a lab-on-a-disc with a diameter of 12 cm showed no leakage when it spins for centrifugal fluidic pumping at a very high rotating speed of 6000 rpm.
Scene Compliant Trajectory Forecast with Agent-Centric Spatio-Temporal\n Grids (2019)

Forecasting long-term human motion is a challenging task due to the\nnon-linearity, multi-modality and inherent uncertainty in future trajectories.\nThe underlying scene and past motion of agents can provide useful cues to\npredict their future motion. However, the heterogeneity of the two inputs poses\na challenge for learning a joint representation of the scene and past\ntrajectories. To address this challenge, we propose a model based on grid\nrepresentations to forecast agent trajectories. We represent the past\ntrajectories of agents using binary 2-D grids, and the underlying scene as a\nRGB birds-eye view (BEV) image, with an agent-centric frame of reference. We\nencode the scene and past trajectories using convolutional layers and generate\ntrajectory forecasts using a Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) decoder. Results on\nthe publicly available Stanford Drone Dataset (SDD) show that our model\noutperforms prior approaches and outputs realistic future trajectories that\ncomply with scene structure and past motion.\n
Automatic labeling of prosodic patterns (1994)

This paper describes a general algorithm for labeling prosodic patterns in speech, which provides a mechanism for mapping sequences of observations (vectors of acoustic correlates) to prosodic labels using decision trees and a Markov sequence model. Important and novel features of the approach are that it allows many dissimilar correlates to be treated in a unified manner to provide more robust labeling, and that it is designed to be a post-word-recognition processing step. Application of the algorithm is illustrated with experimental results for labeling prosodic phrasing and phrasal prominence in two corpora of professionally read speech. The labels produced by the automatic algorithm exhibit agreement with hand-labeled prominence and phrasing that is close to the agreement between different human labelers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
European Surveillance Network for Influenza in Pigs: Surveillance Programs, Diagnostic Tools and Swine Influenza Virus Subtypes Identified in 14 European Countries from 2010 to 2013 (2014)

Swine influenza causes concern for global veterinary and public health officials. In continuing two previous networks that initiated the surveillance of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) circulating in European pigs between 2001 and 2008, a third European Surveillance Network for Influenza in Pigs (ESNIP3, 2010-2013) aimed to expand widely the knowledge of the epidemiology of European SIVs. ESNIP3 stimulated programs of harmonized SIV surveillance in European countries and supported the coordination of appropriate diagnostic tools and subtyping methods. Thus, an extensive virological monitoring, mainly conducted through passive surveillance programs, resulted in the examination of more than 9 000 herds in 17 countries. Influenza A viruses were detected in 31% of herds examined from which 1887 viruses were preliminary characterized. The dominating subtypes were the three European enzootic SIVs: avian-like swine H1N1 (53.6%), human-like reassortant swine H1N2 (13%) and human-like reassortant swine H3N2 (9.1%), as well as pandemic A/H1N1 2009 (H1N1pdm) virus (10.3%). Viruses from these four lineages co-circulated in several countries but with very different relative levels of incidence. For instance, the H3N2 subtype was not detected at all in some geographic areas whereas it was still prevalent in other parts of Europe. Interestingly, H3N2-free areas were those that exhibited highest frequencies of circulating H1N2 viruses. H1N1pdm viruses were isolated at an increasing incidence in some countries from 2010 to 2013, indicating that this subtype has become established in the European pig population. Finally, 13.9% of the viruses represented reassortants between these four lineages, especially between previous enzootic SIVs and H1N1pdm. These novel viruses were detected at the same time in several countries, with increasing prevalence. Some of them might become established in pig herds, causing implications for zoonotic infections.
Considerations in the design of a CFA for the power from space application (1976)

In the power-from-space application for microwaves, gigawatts of solar-derived energy are to be relayed efficiently and continuously from equatorial geosynchronous orbit to earth by means of a microwave beam and then converted into base-load electrical power. The complete system has been studied in considerable detail, and the following set of requirements has been established for the microwave generator: high efficiency, a capability to radiate directly into space waste heat resulting from any inefficiency, an operating frequency of 2450 MHz, extremely long life and reliability measured in terms of scores of years, a very high signal-to-noise ratio, a high ratio of power output to mass, and a low cost of manufacture. Broad bandwidth, high gain, and a vacuum-tight enclosure are not required. Using this set of requirements, the design of a CFA of the continuous-cathode, reentrant-beam type has been studied in detail. The resulting device has the following characteristics: 85-90% overall efficiency, 6.5 kW of continuous output power, 2450 MHz frequency, 7 dB gain, 3.6 1b weight including samarium-cobalt magnet, pyrolytic graphite cooling radiator, and constant power output regulation system. Long life and high reliability are obtained with the use of a pure-metal secondary emitting cathode.
Far Red/Near-Infrared AIE Dots for Image-Guided Photodynamic Cancer Cell Ablation (2016)

We report a facile encapsulation approach to realize bright far red/near-infrared (FR/NIR) fluorescence and efficient singlet oxygen ((1)O2) production of organic fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgen) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristics for image-guided photodynamic cancer cell ablation. The synthesized AIEgen BTPEAQ possesses donor-acceptor-donor structure, which shows bright fluorescence in solid state. Due to the strong ICT effect, BTPEAQ exhibits poor emission with almost no (1)O2 generation in aqueous solution. Encapsulation of BTPEAQ by DSPE-PEG block copolymer yields polymer-shelled dots, which show enhanced brightness with a fluorescence quantum yield of 3.9% and a (1)O2 quantum yield of 38%. Upon encapsulation by silica, the formed SiO2-shelled dots show much improved fluorescence quantum yield of 12.1% but with no obvious (1)O2 generation. This study clearly demonstrates the importance of encapsulation approach for organic fluorophores, which affects not only the brightness but also the (1)O2 production. After conjugating the polymer-shelled AIE dots with cRGD peptide, the obtained BTPEAQ-cRGD dots show excellent photoablation toward MDA-MB-231 cells with integrin overexpression while keeping control cells intact.
Summary of the international clinical guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired and ventilator-acquired pneumonia (2018)

<b>A summary of the evidence and recommendations made in the ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia</b> http://ow.ly/S3zA30iZfLa.
Perinatal dengue infection. (2001)

We report a case of vertical transmission of dengue infection in an infant. The mother's was a term pregnancy with a history of chronic hypertension. She presented with high fever of 3 days duration 5 days prior to delivery. Her initial complete blood count showed platelet count of 64,000/mm3. Dengue hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed 2 days later and symptomatic treatment was given. During labor her platelets dropped to 11,000/mm3 and platelet concentrate was given. Cesarean section was performed due to prolonged second stage of labor. Her infant was normal at birth except for petechiae on the left thigh. The child's platelet count was 34,000/mm3 and low grade fever was detected on the first day. Clinical sepsis was suspected and antibiotic treatment was started and continued for 4 days until all the cultures came back as negative. Both mother and her baby made an uneventful recovery and were discharged 6 days after delivery with normal platelet counts. Maternal blood was positive for IgM antibody to dengue virus. Both cord blood and the baby's blood were positive for dengue virus serotype 2 by PCR.
Warfarin-induced alopecia after repeated chemotherapy. (2011)

Auteur(s) : Satoshi Nakamizo, Gyohei Egawa, Akiko Arakawa, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawara, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan Alopecia is a side effect of anticoagulants, including coumarin, indandione and warfarin [1]. The exact prevalence of anticoagulant-induced alopecia has not been reported and its precise mechanism is unknown. The form of alopecia caused by anticoagulants is typically telogen [...]
SWISS-TANDEM: A Web-Based Workspace for MS/MS Protein Identification on PC Grids (2007)

Tandem mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for the identification of proteins contained in a biological sample. We present a grid-based application service for the analysis of tandem mass spectra, based on the open-source X/Tandem algorithm. The implemented parallelization strategy allows the distribution of analysis jobs to a grid of desktop PCs, utilizing their idle capacity. For this application service, a user-friendly project-oriented frontend was developed, implemented as a Web-based workspace. After analysis, results are visualized and presented to the user along with a set of powerful and novel tools to allow further interpretation and evaluation of search results.
Role of the Plasmodium falciparum mature-parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA/PfEMP-2) in malarial infection of erythrocytes (1995)

During intraerythrocytic growth of Plasmodium falciparum, several parasite proteins are transported from the parasite to the erythrocyte membrane, where they bind to membrane skeletal proteins. Mature-parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA) has previously been shown to associate with host erythrocyte membrane skeletal protein 4.1. Using a spontaneous mutant of P falciparum that has lost the ability to synthesize MESA and 4.1-deficient erythrocytes, we examined growth of MESA(+) and MESA(-) parasites in normal and 4.1-deficient erythrocytes. Viability of MESA(+) parasites was reduced in 4.1-deficient erythrocytes as compared with that for normal erythrocytes, but MESA(-) parasites grew equally well in 4.1-deficient and normal erythrocytes. Cytoadherence of MESA(+)- and MESA (-)-parasitized normal and 4.1-deficient erythrocytes to C32 melanoma cells was similar, indicating that neither protein 4.1 nor MESA plays a major role in cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes. Localization of MESA in normal and 4.1-deficient erythrocytes was examined by confocal microscopy. MESA was diffusely distributed in the cytosol of 4.1-deficient erythrocytes but was membrane-associated in normal erythrocytes. These findings suggest that MESA binding to protein 4.1 plays a major role in intraerythrocytic parasite viability.
Ethics and ecotourism: Connections and conflicts (2002)

In this essay the author examines the burgeoning industry of ecotourism, analyzing definitions of "ecotourism" and exploring a number of compelling issues raised by the recent trend in worldwide tourism. She then examines three sample codes of ecotourism: one site-specific (Antarctic Traveller's Code), one from a major environmental group (National Audubon Society), and one developed by a consultant for a travel research firm (Code for Leisure Destination Development). The presuppositions, value, and limitations of these codes are then analyzed. On the basis of this analysis, the author proceeds to a discussion of the frameworks for negotiating discourses about ecotourism. Stark argues that the limitations detected in the sample codes of ethics for ecotourism would be fruitfully addressed by Jürgen Habermas's discourse ethics augmented by the feminist ethical and political theories of Seyla Benhabib who draws on the work of Hannah Arendt. While bracketing the debates surrounding the justification of Habermas's principle of universalizability, the author argues that the overemphasis on the rational aspects both of the principle itself and on the notion of "rational trust" stand in need of a corrective if discourse ethics is to be used successfully in negotiating real-life conflicts. Stark argues for a kind of "application discourse" using the feminist ethical and political theories of Benhabib drawn from Arendt's work in which "associational public spaces" are created through relational processes in the acts themselves of meeting and discourse. The author claims that Benhabib and Arendt's works contain fruitful theoretical approaches that also leave room to deal with policies and practical applications as debates about ecotourism increase around the world. Far from exhausting the possibilities, this essay opens up the connections between these theoretical approaches and a new area of environmental concern-- ecotourism.
Synthesis and characterization of uniform radiopaque polystyrene microspheres for X‐ray imaging by a single‐step swelling process (2006)

Uniform radiopaque polystyrene microspheres of approximately 2.3 +/- 0.2 microm were prepared by a single-step swelling of 2.3 +/- 0.2 microm polystyrene template microspheres, dispersed in an aqueous solution with methylene chloride emulsion droplets containing 2,3,5-triiodobenzoylethyl ester. After completing the swelling process, the methylene chloride was evaporated in order to lock the 2,3,5-triiodobenzoylethyl ester in the polystyrene microspheres. The influence of the weight ratio [2,3,5-triiodobenzoylethyl ester]/[polystyrene] on the % of entrapped 2,3,5-triiodobenzoylethyl ester was elucidated. Characterization of the radiopaque polystyrene microspheres was accomplished by light microscope, FTIR, TGA, SEM, XPS, and elemental analysis. The radiopacity of the microspheres was demonstrated by an imaging technique based on X-ray absorption usually used in hospitals. This novel method of encapsulation of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoylethyl ester within polystyrene microspheres by a single-step swelling process may be used as a model for encapsulation of various hydrophobic radiopaque drugs within uniform polystyrene template particles of various diameters for different X-ray imaging needs, e.g., blood pool, body organs, embolization, dental composition, implants, protheses, and nanocomposites.
Chirped light and its characterization using the cross-correlation technique (1992)

We analyze the cross-correlation (sum-frequency generation) method of chirp measurement of short light pulses. We find that there are two complementary methods to measure the chirp, depending on whether the pump has a larger temporal or spectral resolution than the pulse to be measured. We show how to relate these measurements of chirp to the time domain description for linear chirp. We also discuss the use of this method in measuring nonlinear chirps. We demonstrate experimentally the dependence of the results of the measurement on the spectral response function of the monochromator.
Design of Biomedical Robots for Phenotype Prediction Problems (2016)

Genomics has been used with varying degrees of success in the context of drug discovery and in defining mechanisms of action for diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative and rare diseases in the quest for orphan drugs. To improve its utility, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness optimization of analytical methods, especially those that translate to clinically relevant outcomes, is critical. Here we define a novel tool for genomic analysis termed a biomedical robot in order to improve phenotype prediction, identifying disease pathogenesis and significantly defining therapeutic targets. Biomedical robot analytics differ from historical methods in that they are based on melding feature selection methods and ensemble learning techniques. The biomedical robot mathematically exploits the structure of the uncertainty space of any classification problem conceived as an ill-posed optimization problem. Given a classifier, there exist different equivalent small-scale genetic signatures that provide similar predictive accuracies. We perform the sensitivity analysis to noise of the biomedical robot concept using synthetic microarrays perturbed by different kinds of noises in expression and class assignment. Finally, we show the application of this concept to the analysis of different diseases, inferring the pathways and the correlation networks. The final aim of a biomedical robot is to improve knowledge discovery and provide decision systems to optimize diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. This analysis shows that the biomedical robots are robust against different kinds of noises and particularly to a wrong class assignment of the samples. Assessing the uncertainty that is inherent to any phenotype prediction problem is the right way to address this kind of problem.
1-[(1R,2S,4R,7S)-3,3-Dichloro-4,11,11-trimethyltricyclo[5.4.0.02,4]undecan-7-yl]ethanone (2017)

The title compound, C 16 H 24 Cl 2 O, crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Each molecule is built up from two fused six-membered rings, one of which is fused to a three-membered ring. The two molecules differ essentially in the orientation of two of the methyl groups. The dihedral angles between the mean planes through the two six-membered rings are 57.98 (13) and 55.29 (13)°. The molecular conformation is stabilized by intramolecular C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds.
The significance of 1-131 scan dose in patients with thyroid cancer: determination of ablation: concise communication. (1981)

Twenty-four patients with differentiated thyroid cancer were studied with diagnostic I-131 neck chest scans after having undergone bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and initial I-131 therapy with either 30- or 100-mCi doses. With an endogenous stimulation protocol, follow-up studies were performed with neck and chest scans using 2 and 10 mCi I-131. A 400% increase in sensitivity was found with a 10-mCi dose relative to a 2-mCi dose. Comparison with therapeutic doses of 30 and 100 mCi resulted in further increases in the detection of residual iodine-avid tissue. We conclude that a 2-mCi or lower dose of I-131 is inadequate in evaluating residual iodine-avid tissue visually in patients with thyroid cancer. The study does not answer the critical question of whether it is necessary to treat a patient presenting a negative 2-mCi but a positive 10-mCi scan. It may be appropriate to define ablation visually as well as clinically, with further studies directed toward determining a treatment rationale in this patient population.
The Ferrite Permanent Magnet AC Motor---A Technical and Economical Assessment (1985)

The design and analysis study for the conceptual design of an economical high-efficiency ac motor based on permanent magnets is summarized. Material considerations, design trade-off options as well as transient and steady-state performance under normal and abnormal conditions have been considered. The baseline comparison is the high-efficiency induction motor. The permanent magnet (PM) motor must fit into the same frame size and surpass the induction motor on a life cost basis that includes 2.5 years of operation at a 50 percent duty cycle. The study results indicate that a motor with ferrite magnets meets the objectives of the program in ratings of up to 25 hp. A 7.5-hp motor design is carried through the conceptual design stage.
On the Development of a Low Cost Pyrheliometer (2011)

A low cost pyrheliometer, based on a thermoelectric sensor, was developed at the Energy and Sustainability Center at the Florida State University. In addition, an inexpensive double-axis tracking device, capable of autonomous operation, enables the pyrheliometer to operate as a stand-alone system. Widely available off-the-shelf components were used and compromises in accuracy and time responsiveness were made in order to keep the cost low. The obtained data was compared with an Eppley Normal Incidence Pyrheliometer (NIP) using model ST-1 solar tracker. Steady state values of irradiance were measured with an accuracy better than ±2%. Transient measurements are time delayed by a thermal lag of about 2 min, which leads to a high error for instantaneous measured values. However, the integrated irradiance over the course of any given day yields irradiation values with accuracy better than ±2%, even on days when the sun and clouds quickly alternate. Based on a manufacturing cost analysis, the prototype pyrheliometer system is anticipated to cost an order of magnitude less than commercially available products if mass-produced.