gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Waveguide Power-Amplifier Module for 80 to 150 GHz (2006)

A waveguide power-amplifier module capable of operating over the frequency range from 80 to 150 GHz has been constructed. The module comprises a previously reported power amplifier packaged in a waveguide housing that is compatible with WR-8 waveguides. (WR- 8 is a standard waveguide size for the nominal frequency range from 90 to 140 GHz.) The waveguide power-amplifier module is robust and can be bolted to test equipment and to other electronic circuits with which the amplifier must be connected for normal operation.
E2E Visual Analytics: Achieving >10X Edge/Cloud Optimizations (2021)

As visual analytics continues to rapidly grow, there is a critical need to improve the end-to-end efficiency of visual processing in edge/cloud systems. In this paper, we cover algorithms, systems and optimizations in three major areas for edge/cloud visual processing: (1) addressing storage and retrieval efficiency of visual data and meta-data by employing and optimizing visual data management systems, (2) addressing compute efficiency of visual analytics by taking advantage of co-optimization between the compression and analytics domains and (3) addressing networking (bandwidth) efficiency of visual data compression by tailoring it based on analytics tasks. We describe techniques in each of the above areas and measure its efficacy on state-of-the-art platforms (Intel Xeon), workloads and datasets. Our results show that we can achieve >10X improvements in each area based on novel algorithms, systems, and co-design optimizations. We also outline future research directions based on our findings which outline areas of further performance and efficiency advantages in end-to-end visual analytics.
Homoleptic Rh(III)-Diphosphine and Rh(III)-Diarsine Complexes (2003)

The first examples of homoleptic diarsine and diphosphine coordination to Rh(III), viz . [Rh(1,2-C 6 H 4 {AsMe 2 } 2 ) 3 ] 3+ and [Rh(Me 2 PCH 2 PMe 2 ) 3 ] 3+ , are reported, together with details of their characterisation by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Purification and surface modification of polymeric nanoparticles for medical applications (2008)

Polymeric nanoparticles are potential candidates as carriers for pharmaceutical agents. Development of such nanoparticles generally requires molecules immobilized on the particle surfaces to ensure biocompatibility and/or targeting abilities. Following particle preparation and surface modification, excess reagents must be removed. Ultracentrifugation, which is the most widely used purification technique as per today, is not feasible in industrial applications. In this diploma work, tangential flow filtration is studied as an alternative purification method which is better suited for implementation in a large-scale process. Comparison of ultracentrifugation and tangential flow filtration in diafiltration mode for purification of nanoparticles, indicate that they are comparable with respect to particle stability and the removal of the surfactant SDS from methacrylic anhydride nanoparticles. The purification efficiency of tangential flow filtration is superior to that of ultracentrifugation. Conductivity measurements of filtrates and supernatant liquids show that a stable conductivity value can be reached 6 times faster in filtration than in centrifugation with equipment and settings used. This conductivity arises from several types of molecules, and the contribution from surfactant molecules alone is not known. However, protein adsorption on the particles indicates successful removal of surfactant. Conductivity and tensiometry were evaluated as potential methods to quantify surfactant in solutions, but both proved unsatisfactory. Using bovine serum albumin as a model protein, the extent of immobilization to nanoparticles is evaluated at different pH. A maximum amount of 6,8 mg/m2 is immobilized, whereof an unknown part is covalently bound. This coverage is achieved at pH 4,0 and is probably partly due to low electrostatic repulsion between particle and protein. An estimation of 2,0 µmol covalently bound BSA per gram of nanoparticles corresponds to 5,3 mg/m2 and a surface coverage of 76%. Removal of excess reagents after surface modification is done with ultracentrifugation instead of filtration, as particle aggregates present after the immobilization reaction might foul the membrane.
Dispersion compensating fiber over 140 nm-bandwidth (2002)

A novel dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) for a single-mode fiber (SMF) in S-, C-, and L-bands was explored. The dispersion-flattened link consisting of fabricated DCF and SMF successfully realized a small dispersion variance within /spl plusmn/0.25 ps/km/nm over 140 nm-bandwidth ranging from 1480 to 1620 nm.
Immunostimulatory potential of hepatitis B nucleocapsid preparations: lipopolysaccharide contamination should not be overlooked (2005)

The nucleocapsid of hepatitis B virus (HBV) allows insertions of heterologous peptides and even complete proteins. Because of its outstanding capacity to induce B-cell, T-helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses, this structure is considered to be an important instrument for future vaccine development. Most of the evidence for the unique immunogenic qualities of nucleocapsids has been generated in mice, which are not natural hosts of HBV. Moreover, most nucleocapsid preparations used in these studies were produced in a recombinant manner in Escherichia coli. Such preparations have been shown to contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Not unexpectedly, it is shown here that contaminating LPS, rather than the nucleocapsid structure itself, is responsible for the activation of human antigen-presenting cells. Careful examination of the literature dealing with the immunogenicity of HBV nucleocapsids suggests that the possible presence of LPS has been largely ignored or underestimated in several studies. This raises doubts on some of the underlying mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the unique immunogenicity of the HBV nucleocapsid.
Analysis of Packets Abnormalities in Wireless Sensor Network (2009)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) use tiny, inexpensive sensor nodes with several distinguishing characteristics: they have very low processing power and radio ranges, permit very low energy consumption and perform limited and specific monitoring and sensing functions. However, its security becomes an issue because in WSNs, there is virtual communication by passing the data through sensor via internet. Caused of its limited capability, an intruder can attack the communication easier. Furthermore, routing in wireless sensor networks has, to some extent, been reasonably well studied. However, most current research has focused primarily on providing the most energy efficient routing. There is a great need for both secure and energy efficient routing protocols in WSN. Therefore, this project studies about the packets in WSN. To achieve the objectives, this project used AODV routing protocol to analyze the packets abnormalities in WSNs by using simulation technique. To show the differentiations of packets behaviors, the simulations have been conducted on AODV routing protocol under malicious node and without malicious node. It also conducts an analysis of packets behavior on flooding attack.
Compiler-directed storage reclamation using object lifetime analysis (1992)

Many heap-oriented languages such as Lisp and Id depend on run-time garbage collection to reclaim storage. Garbage collection can be a significant run-time expense, especially for functional languages that tend to allocate structures often. Compiler-directed storage reclamation reduces the run-time overhead of garbage collection by having the compiler insert deallocation code. Compilers must perform object lifetime analysis in order to insert storage reclamation code. Current approaches to lifetime analysis assume a strict or sequential interpreter. We formulate an operational semantics for a parallel, non-strict language in order to precisely define when it is safe to deallocate an object. Our operational semantics yields exact information about what objects are allocated, deallocated, and referenced at any point during the execution of a program. Using this information, we define precise run-time conditions that must be met by safe deallocation commands. We use abstract interpretatio...
Wrestling model of the repertoire of activity propagation modes in quadruple neural networks (2010)

The spontaneous activity of engineered quadruple cultured neural networks (of four-coupled sub-networks) exhibits a repertoire of different types of mutual synchronization events. Each event corresponds to a specific activity propagation mode (APM) defined by the order of activity propagation between the sub-networks. We statistically characterized the frequency of spontaneous appearance of the different types of APMs. The relative frequencies of the APMs were then examined for their power-law properties. We found that the frequencies of appearance of the leading (most frequent) APMs have close to constant algebraic ratio reminiscent of Zipf's scaling of words. We show that the observations are consistent with a simplified "wrestling" model. This model represents an extension of the "boxing arena" model which was previously proposed to describe the ratio between the two activity modes in two coupled sub-networks. The additional new element in the "wrestling" model presented here is that the firing within each network is modeled by a time interval generator with similar intra-network Lévy distribution. We modeled the different burst-initiation zones' interaction by competition between the stochastic generators with Gaussian inter-network variability. Estimation of the model parameters revealed similarity across different cultures while the inter-burst-interval of the cultures was similar across different APMs as numerical simulation of the model predicts.
Active epidermal movement in human skin in vitro (1973)

Epidermal cells migrate from the edges of adult human skin in culture during the first 48 h. In order to determine whether mitotic acitivity was responsible for this cell movement the autoradiographic labelling index for cells in DNA synthesis was determined for skin at different stages of culture. The labelling index of skin maintained for 48 h but labelled with tritiated thymidine in the first 4 h, did not differ significantly from skin both maintained and labelled for 4 h only. Skin maintained for 48 h but labelled in the last 4 h showed a much lower labelling index. No normal mitotic figures were seen in the epidermis of skin maintained for 48 h but exposed to colcemid for the last 4 h of culture. It has been concluded that at least in short-term organ culture of adult human skin there is a phase of mitotic arrest and that epidermal migration during the first 48 h is an active process independent of mitotic activity.
Stepwise Cosensitization of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Films Utilizing Al2O3 Layers in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2008)

Doubly sensitized: Stepwise cosensitization is carried out on Al2O3-coated nanocrystalline TiO2 layers using two organic dyes (JK-2 and SQ1) having complementary spectral absorption bands in the visible region. The Al2O3 coating results in the retardation of the interfacial charge recombination dynamics at the oxide/sensitizer interface and improves the overall performance of the dye-sensitized solar cells. CB=conduction band. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z802852_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Microcavity Design with Exact Bound Modes (2001)

Cavity modes of dielectric microspheres and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers are never exactly bound, but have a finite width due to leakage at the borders. We propose the designs of dielectric micro structures which sustain exact bound modes of the radiation field when dissipation is neglected. Unlike photonic crystals, the photonic systems that we consider here, rely on periodicity in only one or two dimensions. These structures consist of layers that have an anisotropic dielectric tensor, which could be obtained by making air-holes in the vertical and horizontal directions within isotropic material.
Nearness to Local Subspace Algorithm for Subspace and Motion\n Segmentation (2010)

There is a growing interest in computer science, engineering, and mathematics\nfor modeling signals in terms of union of subspaces and manifolds. Subspace\nsegmentation and clustering of high dimensional data drawn from a union of\nsubspaces are especially important with many practical applications in computer\nvision, image and signal processing, communications, and information theory.\nThis paper presents a clustering algorithm for high dimensional data that comes\nfrom a union of lower dimensional subspaces of equal and known dimensions. Such\ncases occur in many data clustering problems, such as motion segmentation and\nface recognition. The algorithm is reliable in the presence of noise, and\napplied to the Hopkins 155 Dataset, it generates the best results to date for\nmotion segmentation. The two motion, three motion, and overall segmentation\nrates for the video sequences are 99.43%, 98.69%, and 99.24%, respectively.\n
Control points in Neurospora crassa nuclear division cycle: Different effects of the inhibition of protein accumulation (1983)

The correlation between protein synthesis and the nuclear division cycle in Neurospora crassa hyphae was studied by inhibiting protein accumulation by two different experimental procedures: (1) starvation for lysine in a lysine-requiring mutant (lys-1); and (2) addition of cycloheximide. Lysine starvation in a lys-1 strain of N. crassa quickly blocked the nuclear division cycle and nuclei accumulated in G1 phase, as judged by their DNA content. After re-addition of lysine to starved cultures, a discontinuous pattern of uridine incorporation into DNA can be seen, showing that the nuclei were well synchronized. On the other hand, treatment with cycloheximide caused the arrest of a large proportion of the nuclei, also, in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. These results indicate that inhibition of protein synthesis may have multiple effects on the cell cycle in N. crassa and that, while moderate inhibition specifically blocks nuclei at a regulatory point in late G1, strong or complete inhibition demonstrates requirement for protein synthesis at other points in the cycle that are not necessarily regulatory points.
In vivo and in vitro fates of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives in rat. (1978)

The in vivo and in vitro fates of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-OH), 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (MC), 5, 7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (DC), and 5-chloro-8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline (CF) in rat was studied. The results obtained were as follows. (1) These compounds were metabolized to glucuronides and sulfates after intravenous administration. Glucuronides were excreted in bile and urine, but sulfates were excreted exclusively in urine. Unmetabolized forms were almost not excreted. (2) Glucuronides were more excreted in bile as the molecular weights increased by halogen substituents. And glucuronides having the higher affinities to plasma protein and 15% liver 100000 g supernatant fraction were more excreted in bile. (3) Although sulfates were well hydrolyzed as glucuronides in the body, sulfates (especially, CF sulfate) resisted enzymatic hydrolysis in vitro by mitochondria-lysosomal and microsomal enzymes in both liver and kidney in contrast to susceptibilities of glucuronides to them. (4) The conjugates were hydrolyzed by Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, and Mg2+. Especially in the presence of Cu2+ or Fe3+, DC sulfate and CF sulfate which were extremely stable in thh enzymatic hydrolysis were unstable. Accordingly, the effects of the metal ions as well as the hydrolytic enzymes were suggested for the hydrolysis of the conjugates in the body.
Unifying hydrotropy under Gibbs phase rule (2017)

The task of elucidating the mechanism of solubility enhancement using hydrotropes has been hampered by the wide variety of phase behaviour that hydrotropes can exhibit, encompassing near-ideal aqueous solution, self-association, micelle formation, and micro-emulsions. Instead of taking a field guide or encyclopedic approach to classify hydrotropes into different molecular classes, we take a rational approach aiming at constructing a unified theory of hydrotropy based upon the first principles of statistical thermodynamics. Achieving this aim can be facilitated by the two key concepts: (1) the Gibbs phase rule as the basis of classifying the hydrotropes in terms of the degrees of freedom and the number of variables to modulate the solvation free energy; (2) the Kirkwood-Buff integrals to quantify the interactions between the species and their relative contributions to the process of solubilization. We demonstrate that the application of the two key concepts can in principle be used to distinguish the different molecular scenarios at work under apparently similar solubility curves observed from experiments. In addition, a generalization of our previous approach to solutes beyond dilution reveals the unified mechanism of hydrotropy, driven by a strong solute-hydrotrope interaction which overcomes the apparent per-hydrotrope inefficiency due to hydrotrope self-clustering.
Concurrent research and development of a magnetic ride control system (2004)

General Motors became the first auto-manufacturer in applying magneto-rheological (MR) fluids to eliminate mechanical valves used in production controllable dampers, and achieve high performance ride and handling on its vehicles beginning with the 2002 Cadillac Seville. The successful introduction of this smart material technology into the highly demanding and cost sensitive arena of the automotive industry was made possible through a highly coordinated multi-disciplinary R&D effort at General Motors. This paper focuses only on the R&D stage of this technology development such as the MR materials selection and characterization, MR fluid-based actuator configurations for real-time suspension damping control, modeling and design optimization of the actuators and their performance prediction. Experimental results are provided to verify the predicted damping forces of the actuators based on fluid-flow models. The improvements in vehicle performance based on integrated control of the semi-active magnetic suspension actuators are also demonstrated though vehicle ride metrics test data.
Knudsen self- and Fickian diffusion in rough nanoporous media (2003)

The effect of pore surface roughness on Knudsen diffusion in nanoporous media is investigated by dynamic Monte Carlo simulations and analytical calculations. A conceptual difference is found between the roughness dependence of the macroscopic, transport diffusivity and the microscopic, self-diffusivity, which is reminiscent of diffusion in zeolites, where a similar difference arises due to adsorption effects and intermolecular interactions. Because of the dependence of the self-diffusivity on molecular residence times, self-diffusion may be roughness dependent, while transport diffusion is not. Detailed proofs are given. The differences become significant when the pore surface is rough down to molecular scales, as is the case, e.g., for many common sol–gel materials. Simulations are in good agreement with analytical calculations for several tested rough, fractal pore structures. These results are important for the interpretation of experimental diffusion measurements and for the study of diffusion-reaction processes in nanoporous catalysts with a rough internal surface.
Partial discharge and dielectric response behaviour of insulation systems for high voltage rotating machines under electrical stress (2004)

In order to understand how the partial discharge (PD), dissipation factor and dielectric response measurements can reflect the changes in the groundwall insulation of high voltage rotating machines due to electrical stress, which lead to insulation degradation, an electrical stress has been applied to the insulation systems of high voltage rotating machines and the change of PD pattern, dissipation factor as a function of the applied test voltage and dielectric response in the time and frequency domain were studied. As test objects, actual stator bars were used, which are based on the epoxy VPI technology, according to the manufacturer's standard.
Depression and physical disability (2006)

This chapter describes the link between depression and disability. Disability can be defined as a restriction in or lack of ability to perform an activity because of impairment. These activities can include interpersonal relationships, work and school activities and physical activities; the latter is defined as ‘physical disability’. In this chapter, the main focus is on physical disability, since this is the type of disability that has often been examined in relation to depression, especially in old age. However, when appropriate the chapter also elaborates on other types of disability. The first section of this chapter describes the concept of disability in more detail. The next section provides an overview of research that examines the link between depression and disability. It then goes on to discuss underlying mechanisms that could explain the link between depression and disability. Subsequently, results of intervention studies that try to break the link between depression and disability are described. The chapter ends with some concluding remarks. Disability: a functional indicator of physical health Various chapters of this book demonstrate that the importance of chronic conditions for mental health is undisputed. These chapters show that conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic fatigue are included among the strongest risk factors for depression, and that the presence of depression influences the course and management of these chronic illnesses. Especially in old age, individuals often have multiple chronic conditions, which may vary in their severity.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in Colorectal Cancer with a Family History. (2002)

大腸癌の発癌機序は治療戦略を決定する上で重要な情報となる.われわれは家族歴を有する大腸癌症例に抗hMSH2, hMLH1抗体を用いて免疫染色を行い,その意義を検討した.対象は第1度近親者に大腸癌を有する60例で, 5例(8.3%)に一方の抗体で発現を認めなかった. 5例中2例がhMSH2 (-), 3例がhMLH1 (-)であった. 5例中4例はHNPCCのJapanese criteriaを満たし,発症時平均年齢は42.7歳で,うち3例は40歳以下の発症であった. 36歳発症例は3回の異時性大腸癌に罹患し3度目に残存大腸亜全摘術を行った.また2例のAmsterdam criteriaを満たす症例も免疫染色にて検出できた.免疫染色は一般病院でも可能な簡便で安価な検査法であり, hMSH2, hMLH1異常大腸癌の検出法として術後治療に有効利用できると考えた.