gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Dilute Solutions of Poly-α-methylstyrene (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamic Mechanical Properties of Dilute Solutions of Poly-α-methylstyreneJ. E. Frederick and John D. FerryCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 1, 346–348Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100885a506https://doi.org/10.1021/j100885a506research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Dispersion Polymerization of Styrene in Ethanol−Water Mixture Using Polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) Macromonomers as Stabilizers (2002)

The dispersion polymerization of styrene in an ethanol−water mixture using polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) macromonomers as stabilizers has been investigated. The influence of parameters such as the nature of the polymerizable group, the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, the overall molar mass, and the molecular architecture of the macromonomers on the colloidal dispersion has indeed been studied. Macromonomers of rather low molar mass and exhibiting high critical micellar concentration were best suited to produce stable particles. Latex particles of rather narrow size distribution could be obtained in the range of 300−350 nm with styrenyl or maleate ended PS-b-PEO macromonomers.
Silicon carbide transistor structures as detectors of weakly ionizing radiation (2003)

SiC-based nuclear radiation detectors figured prominently in the very first attempts of the 1960s to replace gas in ionization chambers with a more condensed semiconducting medium. However, the dynamics of improvement of SiC in those years was markedly inferior to the progress made in the development of competing materials. This study continues with the investigation of triode detector structures based on “pure” SiC films. It is established that for weakly ionizing radiation (as also in the case of strongly ionizing alpha particles) the sig-nal is amplified by no less than a factor of several tens. This allows SiC films with a thickness of about 10 µm to be used to detect penetrating radiation, e.g., X-rays, since the effective thickness of the films is on the order of hundreds of micrometers.
UAV-based Autonomous Image Acquisition with Multi-View Stereo Quality\n Assurance by Confidence Prediction (2016)

In this paper we present an autonomous system for acquiring close-range\nhigh-resolution images that maximize the quality of a later-on 3D\nreconstruction with respect to coverage, ground resolution and 3D uncertainty.\nIn contrast to previous work, our system uses the already acquired images to\npredict the confidence in the output of a dense multi-view stereo approach\nwithout executing it. This confidence encodes the likelihood of a successful\nreconstruction with respect to the observed scene and potential camera\nconstellations. Our prediction module runs in real-time and can be trained\nwithout any externally recorded ground truth. We use the confidence prediction\nfor on-site quality assurance and for planning further views that are tailored\nfor a specific multi-view stereo approach with respect to the given scene. We\ndemonstrate the capabilities of our approach with an autonomous Unmanned Aerial\nVehicle (UAV) in a challenging outdoor scenario.\n
Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry for High Density Multiplexing of Multi-Axis Fiber Bragg Gratings (2003)

Abstract : An interferometric fiber grating interrogation system utilizing a depolarized Erbium ring laser was used to interrogate transversely strained gratings written through the polyimide coating with 1 mm spatial resolution, and the interferometric results were compared to waveforms taken using a broadband source and OSA.
Aerosol mixing-state, hygroscopic growth and cloud activation efficiency during MIRAGE 2006 (2012)

Abstract. Observations of aerosol hygroscopic growth and CCN activation spectra for submicron particles are reported for the T1 ground site outside of Mexico City during the MIRAGE 2006 campaign. κ-Köhler theory is used to evaluate the characteristic water uptake coefficient, κ*, for the CCN active aerosol population using both size-resolved HTDMA and size-resolved CCNc measurements. Organic mass fractions, forg, are evaluated from size-resolved aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements, from which κAMS is inferred and compared against κ*. Strong diurnal profiles of aerosol water uptake parameters and aerosol composition are observed. We find that new particle formation (NPF) events are correlated with an increased κ* and CCN-active fraction during the daytime, with greater impact on smaller particles. During NPF events, the number concentration of 40 nm particles acting as CCN can surpass by more than a factor of two the concentrations of 100 nm particles acting as CCN, at supersaturations of 0.51% ± 0.06%. We also find that at 06:00–08:00 in the morning throughout the campaign, fresh traffic emissions result in substantial changes to the chemical distribution of the aerosol, with on average 65% externally-mixed fraction for 40 nm particles and 30% externally-mixed fraction for 100 nm particles, whereas at midday nearly all particles of both sizes can be described as internally-mixed. Average activation spectra and growth factor distributions are analyzed for different time periods characterizing the daytime (with and without NPF events), the early morning "rush hour", and the entire campaign. We show that κ* derived from CCNc measurements decreases as a function of size during all time periods, while the CCN-active fraction increases as a function of size. Size-resolved AMS measurements do not predict the observed trend for κ* versus particle size, which can be attributed to unresolved mixing-state and the presence of refractory material not measured by the AMS. Measured κ* typically ranges from 0.2 to 0.35, and organics typically make up 60–85% of the aerosol mass in the size range studied. Despite some disagreement between κAMS and κCCNc, we show that κAMS is able to describe CCN concentrations reasonably well, especially at the highest CCN concentrations. This is consistent with other CCN studies carried out in urban environments, and is partly due to the fact that the highest CCN concentrations occur during the daytime when the aerosol is internally-mixed and the organic fraction is relatively low. During the early morning rush hour, however, failing to account for the aerosol mixing-state often results in systematic overestimation of CCN concentrations by 50–100%.
Traffic-Aware Dynamic Container Migration for Real-Time Support in Mobile Edge Clouds (2018)

Edge clouds face challenges of resource assignment and load balancing due to variability of user location (mobility), server load and network state. Dynamic resource migration techniques are considered necessary to achieve load balance, fault tolerance and system maintenance objectives. Container migration is emerging as a potential solution that enables dynamic resource migration in virtualized networks and mobile edge cloud (MEC) systems. This paper proposes a traffic aware container migration approach and validates it with an end-to-end system implementation using a pure container hypervisor called LXD (Linux Container Hypervisor). The container migration model is then evaluated for real-time applications such as license plate recognition running in a mobile edge cloud scenario based on city-scale mobility traces from taxicabs in San Francisco. The system evaluation considers key metrics associated with application quality-of-experience (QoE) and network efficiency such as the average system response time and the migration cost for different combinations of load, compute resources, inter-edge cloud bandwidth, network and user latency. A specific compute resource and network-aware distributed resource migration algorithm called “ShareOn” is proposed and compared with alternative techniques using the San Francisco MEC model.
Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation of UF6in Supersonic Nozzle Reactor (1989)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKEYWORDS: uranium enrichmentlaser isotope separationseparation factorssupersonic nozzleinfrared multiphoton dissociationuranium hexafluorideparahydrogen Raman laser
In situ detection of starch-hydrolyzing microorganisms in activated sludge (2008)

Polysaccharides constitute a significant part of the organic matter in domestic wastewater and their hydrolysis plays an important role in their transformation and nutrient removal in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. However, there is no information available about the identity, ecophysiology, and abundance of starch-hydrolyzing organisms (SHOs) in these plants. In this study, fluorescence in situ enzyme staining with BODIPY fluorescein-labeled starch was applied and optimized to label SHOs expressing alpha-amylase in activated sludge plants. Fluorescence on the surface of bacteria expressing alpha-amylase activity was clearly visualized. In 11 full-scale nutrient-removing wastewater treatment plants examined, the morphotypes of the dominant SHOs were always cocci in clusters of tetrads, short rods in clusters, and some filamentous organisms. The SHOs were identified by combining in situ enzyme staining and FISH using a range of available oligonucleotide probes. All the SHOs observed were Actinobacteria, and most had the phenotype of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms closely related to the genus Tetrasphaera in the family Intrasporangiaceae. The SHOs were present in most of the wastewater treatment plants examined and comprised, in total, up to 11% of bacterial biovolume and thus formed an important part of the microbial communities.
Structures of dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric procyanidins from Areca catechu L. (1981)

Two procyanidin tetramers, two trimers, and a dimer which is a structural isomer of procyanidin B-1, along with (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, and pro-cyandins A-1, B-1, and B-2, have been isolated pure from the seed of Areca catechu L., and their 1H and 13C n.m.r spectral data, combined with degradative studies on their reaction with toluene-α-thiol, have established that they all, except for procyanidin B-2, have the C(4)-to-C(8)[or C(6)]-linked (–)-epicatechin stereochemistry [C(2), C(3):cis] in the upper units, and the (+)-catechin stereochemistry [C(2), C(3): trans] in the terminal (lower) units.
Gene Therapy for Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (2014)

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) describes a severe and often fatal immunodysregulatory disorder caused primarily by the uncontrolled activation and proliferation of T cells and macrophages. A number of genetic defects mainly involving defective granule exocytosis and effector cell cytotoxicity have been identified and well characterised at the molecular and cellular level. These conditions have limited therapeutic options and given the predominant restriction of the causative gene to the haematopoietic system, they have become attractive targets for haematopoietic cell gene therapy. Pre clinical studies in murine models of HLH due to perforin deficiency have shown correction of the disease phenotype as a result of autologous haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene transfer using lentiviral vectors. In a murine model of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP1), HSC gene transfer is able to correct the immunological manifestations of the disease. These encouraging murine studies have led to further work to develop clinically applicable strategies. An alternative approach is to correct defective T cells as this approach is safer than HSC gene therapy and may allow early control of the HLH through the engraftment of functional gene modified effector T cells. Both strategies are now in development and a gene therapy option for certain genetic forms of HLH may soon enter clinical trials.
Evidence for glycogen structures associated with plasma membrane invaginations as visualized by freeze-substitution and the Thiery reaction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2001)

We have used a combination of freeze-substitution electron microscopy and specific reaction for polysaccharides to re-evaluate glycogen structures in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We also used mutant cells devoid of glycogen to confirm the glycogenic nature of the structures described. Previously described cytoplasmic aggregates were confirmed as glycogen granules. Moreover, an original structure was discovered. This is a ring of glycogen surrounding a finger- or pleat-like plasma membrane invagination. This structure could be physiologically significant in terms of channelling glucose to or from glycogen reserves.
Pyruvate Supports RET-Dependent Mitochondrial ROS Production to Control Mycobacterium avium Infection in Human Primary Macrophages (2022)

Macrophages deploy a variety of antimicrobial programs to contain mycobacterial infection. Upon activation, they undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming to meet an increase in energy demand, but also to support immune effector functions such as secretion of cytokines and antimicrobial activities. Here, we report that mitochondrial import of pyruvate is linked to production of mitochondrial ROS and control of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> (<i>M. avium</i>) infection in human primary macrophages. Using chemical inhibition, targeted mass spectrometry and single cell image analysis, we showed that macrophages infected with <i>M. avium</i> switch to aerobic glycolysis without any major imbalances in the tricarboxylic acid cycle volume or changes in the energy charge. Instead, we found that pyruvate import contributes to hyperpolarization of mitochondria in infected cells and increases production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species by the complex I <i>via</i> reverse electron transport, which reduces the macrophage burden of <i>M. avium</i>. While mycobacterial infections are extremely difficult to treat and notoriously resistant to antibiotics, this work stresses out that compounds specifically inducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species could present themself as valuable adjunct treatments.
Responses of Neurons in Primary Visual Cortex to Transient Changes in Local Contrast and Luminance (2007)

During normal saccadic inspection of natural images, the receptive fields of cortical neurons are bombarded with frequent simultaneous changes in local mean luminance and contrast, yet there have been no systematic studies of how cortical neurons respond to such stimulation. The responses of single neurons in the primary visual cortex of the cat were measured for 200 ms presentations of sine-wave gratings confined to the conventional receptive field. Both local mean luminance and contrast were parametrically and randomly varied over the 1-1.5 log unit ranges that are typical of natural images. We find that responses are strongly modulated by both the local mean luminance and contrast, but in an approximately separable manner: the contrast response function is approximately invariant except for a scale factor that depends on the local mean luminance. The shape of the temporal response profiles were found to be approximately invariant with contrast, but were strongly affected by the local mean luminance. The results suggest that most, if not all, cortical neurons carry substantial local luminance information.
APPLICATION IN SPORTS OF THE "ELITE": A SYSTEM FOR REAL TIME PROCESSING OF TV SIGNALS (2008)

Five new complete HIV-1 group M genome sequences have been published (Triques et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:139-151). One of these clustered consistently with subtype F sequences, while two others were identified as representatives of a subcluster within the subtype F clade, called F2, and the two remaining sequences were described as a new subtype K. We reanalyzed these sequences by means of bootscanning and phylogeny, using a newly developed MS-DOS bootscanning program. Although our analysis does not contradict the existence of the new subtype K, it also indicates that in some regions the F2 sequences do not cluster with the F1 clade. This suggests that some fragments in the F2 sequences have an uncertain origin, and care should be taken when F2 sequences are used in analyses.
Le chemin du milieu : introduction à la vacuité dans la pensée bouddhiste indienne (2007)

National audience
Rapid Evaluation Algorithm of Station-Keeping Control Results for Three-Axis Stabilized GEO Satellites (2013)

This paper analyzes the relationships between orbit variations and MW rotation rates variations during station-keeping control and brings up a new evaluation algorithm of station-keeping control results by using variation of angular momentum. This algorithm can evaluate the control results rapidly and get precise semi-major axis, eccentricity, longitude drift rate variation after the control. The algorithm has characters of rapid evaluation and high precision. Then it has been successfully applied to GEO satellites operation.
Human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 p21X mRNA: constitutive expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with adult T cell leukaemia (1992)

Although the p21X protein of human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is generally thought to be expressed from a doubly spliced mRNA transcript (tax/rex mRNA) that encodes the p40tax, p27rex and p21X proteins, we have shown previously that a novel, alternatively spliced mRNA transcript (p21X mRNA) is responsible for p21X production in HTLV-1-infected cell lines. In the present study, we analysed expression of p21X mRNA and tax/rex mRNA in uncultured and cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from eight patients with adult T cell leukaemia by using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction coupled to reverse transcription. The results demonstrated that the expression of p21X mRNA occurs constitutively in all uncultured and cultured PBMCs, whereas the expression of tax/rex mRNA is inducible in the cultured PBMCs, as described previously. In uncultured and cultured PBMCs from the one specimen in which p21X mRNA was highly expressed, the p21X protein was detectable by Western blotting. On the other hand, p27rex protein was detectable only after cultivation. These findings indicate that p21X mRNA is constitutively expressed in vivo and is responsible for production of p21X protein.
Entwicklung von miniaturisierten Fourier-Transformations-Spektrometern und ihre Herstellung mit dem LIGA-Verfahren (2004)

In this work miniaturised Fourier Transformation Spectrometers have been developed. They are based on LIGA technology and designed for mobile applications in the near infrared spectrum. First a short overview about different concepts for miniaturised near infrared spectrometers is given. Then the theory needed for the design of Fourier Transformation Spectrometers is discussed in detail. Following the chapter about the theoretical basics, two concepts of miniaturised Fourier Transformation Spectrometers are introduced. Both spectrometers are basically Michelson Interferometers which consist of a micro-optical bench with an integrated actuator. The optical benches and actuator are produced with LIGA technology. The spectrometers are very compact. All required components are placed on a 10 x 10 mm 2 substrate. The needed optical and electronic components such as lenses, beam splitters and diodes are assembled into the optical bench. The components are positioned by alignment structures. Due to the precision of the LIGA produced alignment structures there is no need for an active alignment. Two concepts were investigated for the actuators. One a novel piezo based inchworm actuator. The second an electromagnetic actuator. The design of the optical benches and both actuator types are described in detail. Special emphasis is placed on the description of the electromagnetic actuator. The different analytical and numerical models used to design the actuator are presented. Also manufacturability considerations of the LIGA components are addressed. The design rules used are explained in detail. Both systems manufacturing methods are presented. Emphasis is placed on the manufacturing steps which had to be modified or developed for spectrometer manufacturing. The prototype manufacturing was carried out using synchrotron radiation, a process which is called direct LIGA. A low cost manufacturing method using replication techniques was investigated. For this a mold insert was manufactured for the system with the electromagnetic actuator. Initial nickel iron structures made through replication and subsequent electroplating are presented. The functionality of the spectrometers was demonstrated. Spectra could be recorded for laser and with white light sources. The best resolution achieved was 24,5 nm. The optical resolution is currently limited by the maximum optical path difference achieved with the integrated actuator. The maximum usable travel of the actuator was 60 μm. For larger travels the actuator showed an unwanted switching behaviour. The performance of the actuator was tested and an analytical model for the switching behaviour was established. Measurements show good agreement between the model and experimental data.
The TIGR Gene Indices: analysis of gene transcript sequences in highly sampled eukaryotic species (2001)

While genome sequencing projects are advancing rapidly, EST sequencing and analysis remains a primary research tool for the identification and categorization of gene sequences in a wide variety of species and an important resource for annotation of genomic sequence. The TIGR Gene Indices (http://www.tigr.org/tdb/tgi. shtml) are a collection of species-specific databases that use a highly refined protocol to analyze EST sequences in an attempt to identify the genes represented by that data and to provide additional information regarding those genes. Gene Indices are constructed by first clustering, then assembling EST and annotated gene sequences from GenBank for the targeted species. This process produces a set of unique, high-fidelity virtual transcripts, or Tentative Consensus (TC) sequences. The TC sequences can be used to provide putative genes with functional annotation, to link the transcripts to mapping and genomic sequence data, to provide links between orthologous and paralogous genes and as a resource for comparative sequence analysis.