gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atomistic Simulations of the Crystallization and Aging of GeTe Nanowires (2017)

Nanowires made of chalcogenide alloys are of interest for use in phase-change nonvolatile memories. For this application, insights into the thermal properties of such nanowires and, in particular, into the crystallization kinetics at the atomic level are crucial. Toward this end, we have performed large-scale atomistic simulations of ultrathin nanowires (9 nm in diameter) of the prototypical phase change compound GeTe. We made use of an interatomic potential generated by the neural network fitting of a large ab initio database to compute the thermal properties of the nanowires. By melting a portion of a nanowire, we investigated the velocity of recrystallization as a function of temperature. The simulations show that the melting temperature of the nanowire is about 100 K below the melting temperature of the bulk, which yields a reduction by about a factor of 2 of the maximum crystallization speed. Further, analysis of the structural properties of the amorphous phase of the nanowire suggests a possible origin of the reduction of the resistance drift observed experimentally in nanowires with respect to the bulk.
Improving the Transduction of Bone Marrow-Derived Cells with an Integrase-Defective Lentiviral Vector (2018)

In lentiviral vector (LV) applications where transient transgene expression is sufficient, integrase-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) are beneficial for reducing the potential for off-target effects associated with insertional mutagenesis. It was previously demonstrated that human RPE65 mRNA expression from an integrating lentiviral vector (ILV) induces endogenous Rpe65 and Cralbp mRNA expression in murine bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs), initiating programming of the cells to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-like cells. These cells regenerate RPE in retinal degeneration models when injected systemically. As transient expression of RPE65 is sufficient to activate endogenous RPE-associated genes for programming BMDCs, use of an ILV is an unnecessary risk. In this study, an IDLV expressing RPE65 (IDLV3-RPE65) was generated. Transduction with IDLV3-RPE65 is less efficient than the integrating vector (ILV3-RPE65). Therefore, IDLV3-RPE65 transduction was enhanced with a combination of preloading 20 × -concentrated viral supernatant on RetroNectin at a multiplicity of infection of 50 and transduction of BMDCs by low-speed centrifugation. RPE65 mRNA levels increased from ∼12-fold to ∼25-fold (p < 0.05) after modification of the IDLV3-RPE65 transduction protocol, achieving expression similar to the ∼27-fold (p < 0.05) increase observed with ILV3-RPE65. Additionally, the study shows that the same preparation of RetroNectin can be used to coat up to three wells with no reduction in transduction. Critically, IDLV3-RPE65 transduction initiates endogenous Rpe65 mRNA expression in murine BMDCs and Cralbp/CRALBP mRNA in both murine and human BMDCs, similar to expression observed in ILV3-RPE65-transduced cells. Systemic administration of ILV3-RPE65 or IDLV3-RPE65 programmed BMDCs in a mouse model of retinal degeneration is sufficient to retain visual function and reduce retinal degeneration compared to mice receiving no treatment or naive BMDC. It is concluded that IDLV3-RPE65 is appropriate for programming BMDCs to RPE-like cells.
Balancing antimicrobial performance with hemocompatibility in amphiphilic homopolymers (2018)

This work establishes amphiphilic polymethacrylates as new antimicrobial candidates that can be synthesized through a combination of controlled free radical polymerization and sequential postpolymerization modification protocols. When conjugated with a polyethylene glycol segment, the block copolymers exhibit a balanced performance between high antibacterial activity and high hemocompatibility. Figure S1. 1H NMR spectra of PGMA homopolymer in CDCl3. Signals arising from residual solvent and tetramethylsilane are shown with asterisk. Figure S2. 1H NMR spectra of PEG-b-PGMA block copolymer in CDCl3. Signals arising from residual solvent and tetramethylsilane are shown with asterisk. Figure S3. 1H NMR spectra of P4 block copolymer in CDCl3. Signals arising from residual solvent and tetramethylsilane are shown with asterisk. Figure S4. CLSM images of E. coli cells after 4h of incubation in the presence of (a) control solution, (b) PC5A homopolymer, and (c) PEG-b-PC5A block copolymer, respectively. All CLSM images here 8 are merged images of the green (SYTO, indicates live cells) and red (propidium iodide, indicates dead cells) channels. The bacteria suspension without polymers was used as control. Figure S5. Hemolysis testing, where percent hemolysis of RBCs as a function of relevant antimicrobial concentrations is shown for all synthesized polymers. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Changes in the nasal mucosa of specific-pathogen-free neonatal pigs infected with Pasteurella multocida or Bordetella bronchiseptica. (1986)

Specific-pathogen-free neonatal pigs were intranasally inoculated with serotype D strains of Pasteurella multocida or with strain L3 of Bordetella bronchiseptica, and changes in the nasal mucosae were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a light microscope. P. multocida caused slight chronic catarrhal inflammatory changes in the infected nasal mucosa, but most of the epithelial cells appeared intact. A small number of lymphocytes and neutrophils infiltrated the lamina propria and submucosa, and a small amount of a mucopurulent substance accumulated on the mucosa. P. multocida was not readily observed on the nasal mucosa by SEM, though a low number of the organisms were constantly recovered from the nasal cavities of the infected pigs throughout the experimental period. In contrast, marked inflammatory changes were observed after the infection by B. bronchiseptica. Degeneration and desquamation of the nasal epithelial cells were noted throughout the infected nasal mucosa. Cilia were lost from most of the ciliated epithelial cells. Marked hyperplasia of the epithelial cells was also observed in many parts of the epithelium. B. bronchiseptica was frequently noted on the remaining cilia or on the microvillous cells by SEM, and numerous organisms were constantly recovered from the nasal cavities of the infected pigs during the period. Clinical atrophic rhinitis was induced only in the pigs given B. bronchiseptica.
A probiotic mixture alleviates symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a controlled 6‐month intervention (2005)

The results indicate that this probiotic mixture is effective in alleviating irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Considering the high prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and the lack of effective therapies, even a slight reduction in symptoms could have positive public health consequences.
Evaluation of error-control strategies for the linear symbolic analysis of analog integrated circuits (1999)

The generation of approximate linear symbolic expressions for analog integrated circuits requires the use of an appropriate error-control strategy. The error-control strategy determines both correctness and compactness of the approximate expression. This paper presents an evaluation of different error-control strategies that fit within the flat symbolic analysis, using simplification during generation techniques for large analog integrated circuits. The theoretical exposition is illustrated with experimental results that allow a comparison of the proposed methods.
Polymeric Structure and Solid NMR Spectra of Cadmium (II) Dialkyldithiophosphates (Alkyl = Propyl, Butyl, Isopropyl and Isobutyl) (2003)

Abstract By dropwise adding thio ligands to concentrated aqueous solutions of Cd(ClO 4 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, polymeric complexes, Cd(II) O, O '‐dipropyldithiophosphate (1), O, O' ‐dibutyl‐dithiophosphate (2), O, O'‐ diisopropyl‐dithiophosphate (3) and O, O' ‐diisobutyl‐dithiophosphate (4) were obtained. The structure of 4 was determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis, showing that the metal ion sits in distorted tetrahedral sulphur coordination sphere and that the eight‐membered bimetallic rings take the twist chair and boat conformations, alternately. Based on facts that the S(1)—Cd bond length [0.25099(12) nm] is shorter than the other S—Cd bond length [0.25399(12)—0.25701(18) nm] and that the S(1)‐involving angles [113.45(4)°—118.43(5)°] are systematically larger than the normal angles of a tetrahedron, the ligands are hypothesized to be erratically functionalized to Cd(II). To certify the steric nonequivalence of ligands, the compounds were investigated by solid 13 C, 31 P and 113 Cd NMR spectroscopy.
Dendrite-free lithium metal anodes: stable solid electrolyte interphases for high-efficiency batteries (2015)

A more superior cycling stability and a higher utilization ratio of the Li metal anode have been achieved by additive- and nanostructure-stabilized SEI layers. A profound understanding of the composition, internal structure, and evolution of the SEI film sheds new light on dendrite-free high-efficiency lithium metal batteries.
de Lange syndrome: A clinical review of 310 individuals (1993)

Three hundred ten individuals with a clinical diagnosis of de Lange syndrome were seen and examined in conjunction with the parent support group. One hundred thirty-four males and 176 females whose ages ranged from birth to 37 years made up the study group. Examination findings were recorded for those features described by de Lange in her original report of the syndrome to determine the frequency and significance of each. In addition, questionnaires were completed by 128 of these families and medical, growth and developmental records were collected. The clinical diagnosis seems best supported by the facial features of the syndrome including the long eyelashes and confluent eyebrows (synophrys), although additional characteristics are needed. Only 27% had the upper limb deficiencies commonly associated with the syndrome. Growth was retarded in nearly all individuals, often of prenatal onset. Medical problems occurred frequently and most often involved the eye and ear, as well as the cardiac and gastrointestinal systems. Of 14 deaths, almost half were secondary to cardiac or gastrointestinal complications. The recurrence risk in 377 sibs of the patients was calculated to be less than 1%. Although development lagged significantly in speech, most individuals developed good self-help skills. The study demonstrated a higher proportion of patients affected mildly with the syndrome than is commonly appreciated. This underscores the importance of early recognition and appropriate medical and developmental support.
Isolation of a novel protein from the outer layer of the vitelline membrane (1992)

The outer layer of the vitelline membrane from hen egg yolk consists of ovomucin, vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMOI) and lysozyme. Here we report the occurrence of a further basic protein (pI 11.5) in the outer layer, which was designated as vitelline membrane outer layer protein II (VMOII). It was dissociated from the outer layer in a 10% (w/v) NaCl solution and purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography. VMOII is a simple protein with a molecular mass of 6000 Da, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium analysis. The amino acid composition of VMOII was characterized by the absence of Met and high contents of cystine (half) (14%) and basic amino acids (6% Arg, 6% Lys and 3% His). Analysis of carboxymethylated VMOII indicated that all cysteine residues were involved in disulphide bonding, which appears to facilitate the binding of SDS to the protein. Sequence comparison of the N-terminal 20 residues revealed no identity with other known proteins. VMOII contained a small amount of alpha-helix and was quite resistant to heat denaturation.
Measurement of myoglobin oxygen saturation in the presence of hemoglobin interference by near-infrared spectroscopy (1994)

Spectroscopic measurement of myoglobin oxygenation has been made in the presence of hemoglobin using visible light. Although the spectral changes with oxygen binding are smaller, near infrared wavelengths have deeper tissue penetration. This offers an attractive means for making noninvasive muscle oxygenation measurements. Visible and near-infrared spectra of myoglobin with decreasing oxygen saturation in the presence of both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin were obtained. Fractional oxygen saturations were determined from the visible region. The near-infrared spectra were divided into calibration and test sets and analyzed by the method of multiple linear regression. Baseline offsets were reduced by preprocessing the data using spectral second derivatives to enhance the significant features of the spectra. This method of analysis demonstrated good correlation of the near- infrared spectra with the calibration saturation data. These results show that myoglobin oxygen saturation measurements in vitro can be made in the presence of hemoglobin as an interferant, using near-infrared spectroscopy.
Wave velocities in rocks as a function of change in overburden pressure and pore fluid saturants (1966)

Abstract A system is described for determining precisely the dilatational and shear-wave group velocities in rock samples subjected to hydrostatic confining and internal pore pressures independently to 10,000 psi. Both velocities have been measured on three dry sandstones in directions perpendicular and parallel to the bedding plane. Two exhibited transverse isotropy with the bedding plane as the plane of symmetry, decreasing in degree as confining pressure increased. If effects of mechanical hysteresis of the rock were avoided, the velocities in sandstones depended on the simple difference between the hydrostatic confining pressure and internal pore pressure.
Clinical Validation of a New Control-Oriented Model of Insulin and Glucose Dynamics in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes (2007)

Simulation results confirmed the capacity of the model to faithfully represent the glucose-insulin relationship in type 1 diabetes in different circumstances.
Extremely Wideband Imaging Antenna with Unifrom Radiation Patterns (2019)

The presented work details the design of extremely wideband antenna and balun. The antenna front-end is designed to operate from 10 GHz to 40 GHz with linear polarization. An extremely wideband balun is also designed and integrated to the radiating element. The structure is optimized to achieve uniform radiation patterns for the complete operating frequency band. The simulated and measured results show the feasibility of the structure for wideband imaging applications.
Distinct Effects of Topical Nitroglycerol on Brain Delivery of Free andNanoparticle-Bound Drugs in Rodents (2017)

Introduction: Penetration of many drugs into the brain is restricted by the BBB. As shown previously, the poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (PBCA NPs) coated with polysorbate 80 and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) coated with poloxamer 188 could enhance brain delivery of doxorubicin and loperamide, which was evidenced by their pharmacological effects (i.e. antitumour effect against intracranial tumour and central analgesic effect, respectively) unattainable by these drugs in free form It is known that penetration of the low molecular and even macromolecular drugs into the brain could be improved by application of NO-donors (such as nitroglycerol). The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether nitroglycerol also could further enhance the brain delivery of nanoparticle-bound drugs.
A personal perspective on medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry (2014)

SPECIALTY GRAND CHALLENGE article Front. Chem., 27 February 2014Sec. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2014.00008
Natural Essential Oils as Novel Pesticides (2020)

Insect pests cause devastating economic losses in agriculture, and as vectors of disease they have significant impact on the health of humans, livestock and pets. Plant essential oils have been used for centuries as protection against insect pests, but scientists have only recently begun to explore the extent of their potential for pest control. Dr Joel R. Coats and his team at Iowa State University’s Department of Entomology have been investigating essential oils as greener alternatives to conventional pesticides, and as a vital tool for overcoming pesticide resistance in insect populations.
All-dielectric metalens for terahertz wave imaging (2018)

Terahertz wave imaging offers promising properties for non-destructive testing applications in the areas of homeland security, medicine, and industrial inspection. However, conventional optical lenses are heavy and bulky and difficult to integrate. An all-dielectric metasurface provides an attractive way to realize a planar lens of light weight that is ultrathin and offers ease of integration. Terahertz lenses based on various metasurfaces have been studied, especially for the application of wave focusing, while there are few experimental demonstrations of terahertz wave imaging lenses based on an all-dielectric metasurface. In the present work, we propose a metalens based on an all-dielectric metasurface with a sub-wavelength unit size of 0.39λ for terahertz wave imaging and experimentally demonstrate its performance in focusing and imaging. A large numerical aperture metalens was fabricated with a focal length of 300λ, radius of 300λ, and numerical aperture of 0.707. The experimental results show that the lens can focus THz waves with an incident angle up to 48°. More importantly, clear terahertz wave images of different objects were obtained for both different cases of forward- and inverse-incident directions, which demonstrate the reversibility of the metalens for imaging. Such a metalens provides a way for realization of all-planar-lens THz imaging system, and might find application in terahertz wave imaging, information processing, microscopy, and others.
Studies on Japanese B encephalitis virus vaccines from tissue culture. V. Response of man to live, antenuated strain of OCT-541 virus vaccine. (1966)

It is concluded that this “cold” attenuated virus strain is probably too attenuated to infect and produce antibody as a result of replication in normal man, as had been shown to be the case previously in many other mammals with higher body temperatures, including other primates. No further human volunteer testing of this live virus preparation is planned for antibody response or oncolysis.
Fungal transformation of aromatic compounds from agricultural residues to vanillin : a new process (1993)

National audience
Interference Analysis Between On-the-Move Users and GEO Satellites (2009)

We consider on the move satellite systems with geostationary satellites. Using the antenna pointing distribution of Weerackody and Gonzalez, we derive tight upper and lower bounds of the interference between adjacent satellites from/to the on-the-move platforms. We then compute the distribution of the interference and the outage probability of the system. Simulation results are provided demonstrating that the analytical estimates are accurate.
ZnSe quantum dots modified with a Ni(cyclam) catalyst for efficient visible-light driven CO2 reduction in water (2018)

A precious metal and Cd-free photocatalyst system for efficient CO<sub>2</sub> reduction in water is reported. The hybrid assembly consists of ligand-free ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) as a visible-light photosensitiser combined with a phosphonic acid-functionalised Ni(cyclam) catalyst, NiCycP. This precious metal-free photocatalyst system shows a high activity for aqueous CO<sub>2</sub> reduction to CO (Ni-based TON<sub>CO</sub> > 120), whereas an anchor-free catalyst, Ni(cyclam)Cl<sub>2</sub>, produced three times less CO. Additional ZnSe surface modification with 2-(dimethylamino)ethanethiol (MEDA) partially suppresses H<sub>2</sub> generation and enhances the CO production allowing for a Ni-based TON<sub>CO</sub> of > 280 and more than 33% selectivity for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction over H<sub>2</sub> evolution, after 20 h visible light irradiation (<i>λ</i> > 400 nm, AM 1.5G, 1 sun). The external quantum efficiency of 3.4 ± 0.3% at 400 nm is comparable to state-of-the-art precious metal photocatalysts. Transient absorption spectroscopy showed that band-gap excitation of ZnSe QDs is followed by rapid hole scavenging and very fast electron trapping in ZnSe. The trapped electrons transfer to NiCycP on the ps timescale, explaining the high performance for photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. With this work we introduce ZnSe QDs as an inexpensive and efficient visible light-absorber for solar fuel generation.
A Jones matrix formalism for simulating 3D Polarised Light Imaging of brain tissue (2015)

The neuroimaging technique 3D Polarised Light Imaging (3D-PLI) provides a high-resolution reconstruction of nerve fibres in human post-mortem brains. The orientations of the fibres are derived from birefringence measurements of histological brain sections assuming that the nerve fibres - consisting of an axon and a surrounding myelin sheath - are uniaxial birefringent and that the measured optic axis is oriented in direction of the nerve fibres (macroscopic model). Although experimental studies support this assumption, the molecular structure of the myelin sheath suggests that the birefringence of a nerve fibre can be described more precisely by multiple optic axes oriented radially around the fibre axis (microscopic model). In this paper, we compare the use of the macroscopic and the microscopic model for simulating 3D-PLI by means of the Jones matrix formalism. The simulations show that the macroscopic model ensures a reliable estimation of the fibre orientations as long as the polarimeter does not resolve structures smaller than the diameter of single fibres. In the case of fibre bundles, polarimeters with even higher resolutions can be used without losing reliability. When taking the myelin density into account, the derived fibre orientations are considerably improved.
Cardiac Cycle Phase Estimation in 2-D Echocardiographic Images Using Support Vector Machine (2014)

Proposes a new method to estimate the cardiac cycle phases in 2-D Echocardiographic images is the first step in cardiac volume estimation. Focus on analyzing the Arial systole and diastole events by using the geometrical position of the mitral valve and a set of three image features. The proposed algorithm is based on a tandem of image processing methods and support vector machine as a classifier to robustly extract anatomical information. To recognize the cardiac phases set of image features is proposed and derived. This approach helps to estimate the cardiac phase in double quick time compare to other methods. The algorithm is implemented as computer aided diagnosis (CADi) software. A dataset of 200 images that include both normal and infarct cardiac pathologies were used. Identify an accuracy of 90%and a 2±0.3 s in terms of execution time of CADi application in a cardiac cycle estimation task. The main contribution of this paper is to propose this hybrid method and a set of image features that can be helpful for automatic detection applications without any user intervention. The results of the employed methods are compared with other previous methods in terms of processing time