gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compatibilized Polymer Blends Based on PDLLA and PCL for Application in Bioartificial Liver (2008)

Porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications based on poly(D,L-lactide)/poly(epsilon-caprolactone) compatibilized blends are described. The addition of a third polymer, namely poly( D, L-lactide-co-caprolactone) copolymer, has a profound effect on morphological properties of the blends scaffolds. In fact, the copolymer acts as compatibilizing agent and reduces the dimension of the dispersed phase of an order of magnitude. Such effect is function of the polymer composition. The efficiency of scaffolds obtained with poly( D, L-lactide) based blends containing 30% by weight of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) as dispersed phase toward hepatocytes has been tested by several biological assays and we found that they are able to promote a perfect adhesion, proliferation and growth of cells. Moreover, the addition of the copolymer significantly improves the biomedical performance of the scaffold.
Simulation of the mobility of the pelvic system: influence of fascia between organs (2021)

The mobility of pelvic organs is the result of an equilibrium called Pelvic Static characterizing the balance between the properties and geometries of organs, suspensions and support system. Any imbalance in this complex system can cause of pelvic static disorder. Genital prolapse is a common hypermobility pathology which is complex, multi factorial and its surgical management has high rate of complications. The use of 3 D numerical models and simulation enables the role of the various suspension structures to be objectively studied and quantified. Fascias are connective tissues located between organs. Although their role are described as important in various descriptions of pelvic statics, their influence and role has never been quantitatively objectified. This article presents a refine Finite Element (FE) model for a better understanding of biomechanical contribution of inter-organ fascia. The model is built from MRI images of a young volunteer, the mechanical properties derived from literature data to take into account the age of the patient and new experimental results have enabled an order of magnitude of the mechanical properties of the fascias to be defined. The FE results allows to quantify the biomechanical role of the fascia on pelvic mobility quantified by an analysis of dynamic MRI images and a local mapping of the gap between calculated and measured displacements. This improved numerical model integrating the fascias makes it possible to describe pelvic mobilities with a gap of 1 mm between numerical simulations and measurements, whereas without taking them into account this gap locally reaches 20 mm.
国家影响型市场经济出了什么问题？——以法国、意大利和西班牙应对经济危机的表现为例 (2015)

本文从资本主义多样性学派的观点出发，提出并阐释了第三种资本主义类型，即国家影响型市场经济，并以法国、意大利和西班牙三国的影响型市场经济体为例，从历时和现时的角度梳理了这三个国家的政治经济制度和政策的演变过程。最后，本文通过概述三个国家在危机时的经济基本面，分析了三国领导人及其政府在危机中的表现。本文认为，尽管一系列政治经济特征是以作为资本主义主要推动力的国家为中心而存在的，但国家影响型市场经济却截然不同。这不仅取决于政治经济环境，也取决于政策、政体和政治。本文同时指出，自20世纪80年代以来，三国政府通过新自由主义改革削弱了其干预能力，这些改革影响了它们对经济危机作出的应对。
Monitoring the Effect of Discontinuous Shales on the Surfactant Flooding Performance in Heavy Oil Reservoirs Using 2D Glass Micromodels (2014)

Although most heavy oil reservoirs contain discontinuous shaly structures, there is a lack of fundamental understanding how the shaly structures affect the oil recovery efficiency, especially during surfactant flooding to heavy oils. Here, an experimental study was conducted to examine the effect of discontinuous shales on performance of surfactant flooding by introducing heterogeneities to represent streaks of shale in five-spot glass micromodels. Results show that oil recovery in presence of shale streak is lower than in its absence. Based on the authors’ observations, the presence of flow barriers causes premature breakthrough of injected fluids and also an unstable displacement front. As well, displacement efficiency of surfactant flooding is dependent strongly on the shale distribution configuration. Increasing shale content causes reduction of ultimate oil recovery and also severe fingering during water flooding while it compensates during surfactant flooding considerably. In shaly patterns, in the case of surfactant flooding, the oil recovery after breakthrough increases significantly, while it changes much less for the case of water flooding as well as flooding in homogeneous model. Oil recovery efficiency and breakthrough time improved with increasing surfactant concentration. However, beyond a specific limit of sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration, around 2000 ppm, incremental oil recovery becomes insignificant. Presence of connate water in surfactant flooding scheme can improve the recovery efficiency in shaly patterns. Results of this work can be helpful to investigate the optimal location of injection/production wells during enhanced oil recovery schemes in shaly reservoirs using five-spot micromodels.
Force-Induced Selective Dissociation of Noncovalent Antibody–Antigen Bonds (2012)

Specific noncovalent binding between antibody and antigen molecules is the basis for molecular recognition in biochemical processes. Quantitative investigation of the binding forces could lead to molecular specific analysis and potentially mechanical manipulation of these processes. Using our force-induced remnant magnetization spectroscopy, we revealed a well-defined binding force for the bonds between mouse immunoglobulin G and magnetically labeled α-mouse immunoglobulin G. The force was calibrated to be 120 ± 15 pN. In comparison, the binding force was only 17 ± 3 pN for physisorption and much higher than 120 pN for biotin-streptavidin bonds. A unique rebinding method was used to confirm the dissociation of the antibody-antigen bonds. A well-defined and molecule-specific binding force opens a new avenue for distinguishing different noncovalent bonds in biochemical processes.
Alternativas al capitalismo. La propuesta de David Schweickart (1998)

No hay resúmenes disponibles.&#x0D; ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 595-596, 1998: 534-539.
ASCB AWARD ESSAY Walking Along the Serendipitous Path of Discovery (2010)

Deciphering of the molecular mechanism of the “unfolded protein response ” (UPR) provides a wonderful example of how serendipity can shape scientific discovery. Secretory and membrane proteins begin their journey to the cell surface in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Before leaving the organelle, proteins are quality-controlled, and only properly folded proteins are transported onwards. The UPR detects an insufficiency in the protein-folding capacity in the ER and in the ways of a finely tuned homeostat adjusts organelle abundance according to need. If the protein-folding defect in the ER cannot be corrected, the UPR switches from a cell-protective to a cell-destructive mode and activates apoptosis in metazoan cells. Such life or death decisions position the UPR in the center of numerous pathologies, including viral infection, protein-folding diseases, diabetes, and cancer. The UPR proved to be a rich field for serendipitous discovery because the molecular machines that transmit information about insufficient protein folding and activate appropriate gene expression programs function in unusual, unprecedented ways. A key regulatory switch in the UPR, for example, is a cytoplasmic, nonconventional mRNA spicing reaction, initiated by a bifunctional transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease. Students entering graduate school often ask for the “recipe for success. ” Yet looking back at the events that shaped my own career, both personal and scientific, I continue to be
Modelling and Prevention of Ice Accretion on Wind Turbines (2001)

A numerical model that simulates ice accretion amounts and ice shapes on wind turbine blades is presented. The model simulates both rime icing due to fog droplets and glaze icing due to precipitation at all angles of droplet attack experienced by wind turbine blades. Icing can be simulated by the model also when the blade is heated. The sensitivity of ice accretions to meteorological variables is studied and predictions of the model are compared to data from icing wind tunnel experiments and from a field study of natural wind turbine icing. Applications of the model in the design of blade heating elements for anti-icing of wind turbines are described.
Star volume in bone research. A histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bone structure using vertical sections (1993)

Conventional bone histomorphometry performed on iliac crest biopsies does not generally provide unbiased stereological estimates of parameters related to bone structure due to the anisotropy of trabecular bone; this, however, can be obtained with vertical sections, which are anisotropic sections, in combination with an anisotropic test system. A practical procedure for obtaining vertical sections from bone is described. The new stereological parameter, the star volume, can provide an unbiased estimation of the absolute mean size of the marrow space and thus give an indirect estimate of the connectivity of trabecular bone structure. The marrow space star volume of vertebral bodies and iliac crest increases with age in both sexes demonstrating that the structural bone changes which occur with age is a topological one with changes in trabecular connectivity. The practical procedure including sampling efficiency for marrow space star volume is described.
Comparative genomics in vertebrate evolution and development (2006)

The vast quantities of publicly available DNA sequencing data and genome resources are enabling biologists to investigate age-old problems in biology that were not addressable previously. In this review, we discuss how comparative genomics is practiced and how the data can be used to make biological inferences with respect to vertebrate evolution and development. Examples are taken from the well-known HOX clusters, which are always a high-priority target for genomic analyses due to their inferred role in the evolution of metazoans. In addition, we briefly discuss the application of genomic approaches to problems in comparative endocrinology.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Sensitivity to the Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole Is Prolonged After a “Break” in Treatment (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legend from Sensitivity to the Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole Is Prolonged After a “Break” in Treatment
Eph receptor B4 is a regulator of estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer cells (2013)

Our data suggests EphB4 as an upstream regulator of ER-α in human breast cancer cells by modulating ER-α transcription. The results also suggest Akt as a relevant downstream signaling molecule in this novel EphB4-ER-α pathway.
A Generalized Crystallization Protocol for Scalable Deposition of High‐Quality Perovskite Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications (2019)

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have raised considerable scientific interest due to their high cost-efficiency potential for photovoltaic solar energy conversion. As PSCs already are meeting the efficiency requirements for renewable power generation, more attention is given to further technological barriers as environmental stability and reliability. However, the most major obstacle limiting commercialization of PSCs is the lack of a reliable and scalable process for thin film production. Here, a generic crystallization strategy that allows the controlled growth of highly qualitative perovskite films via a one-step blade coating is reported. Through rational ink formulation in combination with a facile vacuum-assisted precrystallization strategy, it is possible to produce dense and uniform perovskite films with high crystallinity on large areas. The universal application of the method is demonstrated at the hand of three typical perovskite compositions with different band gaps. P-i-n perovskite solar cells show fill factors up to 80%, underpinning the statement of the importance of controlling crystallization dynamics. The methodology provides important progress toward the realization of cost-effective large-area perovskite solar cells for practical applications.
A 32 MHz Crystal Oscillator with Fast Start-Up Using Dithered Injection and Negative Resistance Boost (2019)

This work presents a fast start-up 32 MHz crystal oscillator for low power wireless transceivers. A highly efficient start-up technique combining dithered frequency injection and a negative resistance boost is proposed to reduce start-up time while maintaining low start-up energy. In measurements the proposed technique achieves a start-up time of 32.7 μs with 31.7 nJ startup energy enabling low power consumption in latency-driven applications. In steady state operation the oscillator has a power consumption of 181.6 μW. The circuit area of the proposed crystal oscillator is 0.058 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in a 130 nm RF CMOS technology.
Monodentate versus Bidentate Carboxylate Binding in Magnesium and Calcium Proteins:  What Are the Basic Principles? (2004)

Aspartate and glutamate side chains are unique among the 20 amino acids, in regard to possessing carboxylate groups that can bind the metal cation either monodentately (via one of the carboxylate O atoms) or bidentately (via both carboxylate O atoms). In this work, we elucidate the physical principles that determine the carboxylate-binding mode in metalloproteins by surveying the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and performing density functional and continuum dielectric calculations. The metal and its first-shell ligands are explicitly modeled and treated quantum mechanically, whereas the second-shell effects and the metal-binding site environment are implicitly taken into account. We systematically investigate the effect on the carboxylate denticity of (i) its immediate surroundings, (ii) the metal type and coordination number, (iii) the total charge of the metal complex, and (iv) the relative solvent exposure of the metal-binding site. The results suggest that the carboxylate-binding mode is determined by competition between the metal cation, on one hand, and nonacidic neighboring ligands from the metal inner or outer coordination sphere, on the other, for the second O atom of the COO- moiety. When the positive charge of the metal is reduced by coordination to negatively charged ligands, first- or second-shell ligand−carboxylate (as opposed to direct metal−carboxylate) interactions dictate the carboxylate-binding mode. In such cases, water molecules have a crucial role in stabilizing the monodentate carboxylate-binding mode of water-rich Mg complexes, whereas the peptide backbone has a role in destabilizing the monodentate carboxylate-binding mode of the “drier” and bulkier Ca complexes. Thus, by fine-tuning the respective interactions, the protein can adopt an appropriate binding-site configuration.
A Microphase Separation Strategy for the Infrared Transparency‐Thermomechanical Property Conundrum in Sulfur‐Rich Copolymers (Advanced Optical Materials 5/2023) (2023)

In article number 2202432, Kyung Jin Lee, Jeong Jae Wie, Dong-Gyun Kim, and co-workers present an in-situ microphase separation strategy for the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur by utilizing self-crosslinkable 1,3,5-trivinylbenzene (TVB). Based on the microphase-separated architecture, poly(S-r-TVB)s exhibit robust thermomechanical properties, while still maintaining excellent infrared (IR) optical properties; such characteristics hold great promise for IR optical applications.
The Multisensor Array Based on Grown-On-Chip Zinc Oxide Nanorod Network for Selective Discrimination of Alcohol Vapors at Sub-ppm Range (2019)

We discuss the fabrication of gas-analytical multisensor arrays based on ZnO nanorods grown via a hydrothermal route directly on a multielectrode chip. The protocol to deposit the nanorods over the chip includes the primary formation of ZnO nano-clusters over the surface and secondly the oxide hydrothermal growth in a solution that facilitates the appearance of ZnO nanorods in the high aspect ratio which comprise a network. We have tested the proof-of-concept prototype of the ZnO nanorod network-based chip heated up to 400 °C versus three alcohol vapors, ethanol, isopropanol and butanol, at approx. 0.2-5 ppm concentrations when mixed with dry air. The results indicate that the developed chip is highly sensitive to these analytes with a detection limit down to the sub-ppm range. Due to the pristine differences in ZnO nanorod network density the chip yields a vector signal which enables the discrimination of various alcohols at a reasonable degree via processing by linear discriminant analysis even at a sub-ppm concentration range suitable for practical applications.
A compact satellite 1 GHz tuner with GaAs ICs (1989)

The authors have designed two types of GaAs ICs, an RF amplifier and a converter. The amplifier has a stable input impedance. The converter has two AGC (automatic gain control) system (RF and IF AGC) and a wide input signal range with a good intermodulation characteristic. These ICs make full use of the good input versus output linearity and high mobility of a GaAs MESFET and have been integrated into a small chip. Using these ICs, the authors have developed a 1-GHz satellite tuner. This tuner can receive the 0.95-1.75-GHz BS frequency band and offers novel functions such as reception of two satellite broadcasting signals. The components of this tuner can be reduced by using GaAs ICs, making the most compact tuner to date (40 cm/sup 3/).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Simulation study on short channel double-gate junctionless field-effect transistors (2013)

We study the characteristics of short channel double-gate (DG) junctionless (JL) FETs by device simulation. Output I–V characteristic degradations such as an extremely reduced channel length induced subthreshold slope increase and the threshold voltage shift due to variations of body doping and channel length have been systematically analyzed. Distributions of electron concentration, electric field and potential in the body channel region are also analyzed. Comparisons with conventional inversion-mode (IM) FETs, which can demonstrate the advantages of JL FETs, have also been performed.
Stoichiometric and Catalytic Dimerization of Conjugated Dienes with (C5R5)Ru(diene)+ (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStoichiometric and Catalytic Dimerization of Conjugated Dienes with (C5R5)Ru(diene)+Kenji Itoh, Katsuyuki Masuda, Takahiko Fukahori, Katsumasa Nakano, Katsuyuki Aoki, and Hideo NagashimaCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 3, 1020–1029Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00015a040https://doi.org/10.1021/om00015a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Evaluating the Resistance to Microcrack Formation of Composites at Cryogenic Temperatures (2006)

Linerless composite tanks, using continuous‐graphite‐fiber reinforcement and a polymeric‐resin matrix will enable significant mass savings and increased payload capacity in future launch vehicles. The critical application for which linerless composite tanks show the greatest impact to system performance is in the upper stages of future expendable launch vehicles. Many of these tanks will operate at cryogenic temperatures. The key technical challenge in developing these tanks will be to choose and/or design the material to resist microcracks that may lead to leakage. Microcracks are known to form in the matrix of a composite due to thermal and mechanical stresses transverse to the reinforcing fiber direction. The toughness of the matrix material has the most pronounced impact of all factors on microcracking. This paper presents an approach for characterizing a resin’s “microcracking fracture toughness,” or the resistance of the resin to form microcracks, at cryogenic temperatures. It describes an effort to develop new, toughened materials for linerless composite tanks, a unique testing methodology for determining the microcracking fracture toughness of the materials at cryogenic temperatures, and some preliminary test results. The performance of some new toughened composite materials is compared to that of industry‐standard materials used traditionally in cryogenic tanks.
Hydrogen-Induced Embrittlement of Candidate Target Materials for Applications in Spallation-Neutron-Target Systems: Quarterly Progress Report (June 01 – August 31, 2002) (2002)

The primary objective of this task is to evaluate the effect of hydrogen on environment-assisted cracking of candidate target materials for applications in spallation-neutron-target (SNT) systems such as accelerator production of tritium (APT) and accelerator transmutation of waste (ATW). The materials selected for evaluation and characterization are martensitic stainless steels including Alloy HT-9, Alloy EP 823 and Type 422 stainless steel. The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of these materials are being evaluated in environments of interest using tensile specimens under constant load and slow-strain-rate (SSR) conditions. Further, the localized corrosion behavior of these alloys is being evaluated by electrochemical polarization techniques. The extent and morphology of cracking and localized corrosion of the tested specimens are being determined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The concentration of hydrogen resulting from cathodic charging will be analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).
A positive sequence directional relaying algorithm for series compensated line (2011)

Summary form only given. Series capacitor imposes problems to line protection and other online decisions. The directional relaying issues during voltage and current inversions in a series compensated line are addressed in this paper. Conventional directional relaying algorithm uses fault voltage and current phasors to derive the decisions and thus, finds its limitation at voltage or current inversion. The paper proposes a fault direction estimation technique for series compensated line using phase-change in positive sequence current and magnitude-change in positive sequence voltage at fault. The technique is evaluated using data simulated with EMTDC/PSCAD for a series compensated line and the dynamic performance of the algorithm is also studied.
A case of Klumpke's obstetric brachial plexus palsy following a Cesarean section (2016)

It is generally thought that Klumpke's palsy is not seen as obstetric injury. The authors present a case of Klumpke's palsy with Horner syndrome following delivery by emergency Cesarean section. Neurolysis and nerve grafting partially corrected the paralysis.