gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemolipiodolization and prostaglandin E1 administration with use of hepatic arterial infusion port for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. (1997)

Frequent chemolipiodolization and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) administered through a hepatic arterial infusion port were used for treatment in 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with liver cirrhosis. Chemolipiodolization was performed every 4 weeks with 6 ml lipiodol, 3 ml Optilay and 30 mg Epirubicin or 10 mg Mytomycin C. PGE1 (10 ug) was administrated to the hepatic artery once every week after the first 7 days administration. The treatment resulted in a decrease of the AFP level, an arrest of HCC growth and a reduction in ascites with an improvement of clinical and biochemical parameters in both cases. These encouraging preliminary results show that frequent lipiodolization is effective for unresectable HCC and frequent PGE1 administration via the hepatic artery is a safe and efficient treatment for liver cirrhosis.
Non‐linear shrinkage of Batson's #17 resin during vascular corrosion casting (2022)

Many studies of cardiovascular function require a realistic representation of vascular geometry. Corrosion casting has been used to acquire such geometries for many decades. However, the fidelity with which this method reproduces vascular anatomy has not been completely determined. Here we report on the non-linear shrinkage characteristics and exothermic properties of Batson's #17, a widely used casting resin, in model systems and in aortas of rats and rabbits. The setting process was captured using high-resolution photography. Shrinkage ranged from 3.4 ± 1.5% of the diameter in 1 ml plastic syringes (inner diameter 4.8 mm) to 19.6 ± 5.6% in the aorta of rats (diameter 1.5-2.6 mm). In addition, aortic curvature and branching angles changed during setting. These effects should be determined and corrected in studies of vascular geometry where high accuracy is required.
Use of ultrasound-guided thoracentesis to reduce iatrogenic risk of pneumothorax in patients with cancer. (2011)

e19582 Background: Thoracentesis is an essential procedure in an attempt to delineate the etiology of the fluid collection or to relieve symptoms in oncologic patients. One of the most common complication of thoracentesis is pneumothorax, which has been reported to occur in 2%-30% of thoracenteses, with 15%-50% of these patients requiring tube thoracostomy. Methods: To assess whether thoracenteses performed with ultrasound (US) guidance are associated with a lower rates of pneumothorax and tube thoracostomy than those performed without US guidance, we reviewed the medical records of 445 patients with cancer undergoing thoracentesis. Results: From January 2004 to January 2009, in 310 patients (69,60%) thoracentesis was performed with US guidance and 135 (30, 40%) without it. On post thoracentesis imaging performed in all cases, 15 pneumothoraces (3,40%) were found, 3 of them (0,67%) required tube thoracostomy. Pneumothorax accured in 4 of 310 procedure (1,3%) performed with US guidance and 11 of 135 procedure (8%) performed without it. Tube thoracostomy was performed in 3 patients; it must be emphazised that in all these 3 cases thoracentesis was performed without US guidance Conclusions: The routine use of US during thoracentesis drastically reduce rate of pneumothorax and tube thoracostomy in oncologic patients, as demostrated in our study.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Three‐Component Coupling Route to β‐Acetamido Carbonyl Compounds: A General Synthetic Protocol for γ‐Lactams. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Combination of fluid and solid mechanical stresses contribute to cell death and detachment in a microfluidic alveolar model (2010)

Studies using this micro-system demonstrated significant morphological differences between alveolar epithelial cells (transformed human alveolar epithelial cell line, A549 and primary murine alveolar epithelial cells, AECs) exposed to combination of solid mechanical and surface-tension stresses (cyclic propagation of air-liquid interface and wall stretch) compared to cell populations exposed solely to cyclic stretch. We have also measured significant differences in both cell death and cell detachment rates in cell monolayers experiencing combination of stresses. This research describes new tools for studying the combined effects of fluid mechanical and solid mechanical stress on alveolar cells. It also highlights the role that surface tension forces may play in the development of clinical pathology, especially under conditions of surfactant dysfunction. The results support the need for further research and improved understanding on techniques to reduce and eliminate fluid stresses in clinical settings.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Combining AFM13, a Bispecific CD30/CD16 Antibody, with Cytokine-Activated Blood and Cord Blood–Derived NK Cells Facilitates CAR-like Responses Against CD30<sup>+</sup> Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Inhibitory Activity of Natural Occurring Antioxidants on Thiyl Radical-Induced trans-Arachidonic Acid Formation (2011)

trans-Fatty acids in humans not only may be obtained exogenously from food intake but also could be generated endogenously in tissues. The endogenous generation of trans-fatty acids, especially in the cell membranes induced by radical stress, is an inevitable source for the living species. Thiyl radicals generated from thiols act as the catalyst for the cis-trans isomerization of fatty acids. Arachidonic acid (5c,8c,11c,14c-20:4) with only two of the four double bonds deriving from linoleic acid in the diet can be used to differentiate the exogenous or endogenous formation of double bonds. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effective compounds in preventing thiyl radical-induced trans-arachidonic acid formation during UV irradiation in vitro. The trans-arachidonic acids were found to be 75% after 30 min UV irradiation of all-cis-arachidonic acid. Myricetin, luteolin, and quercetin had the highest thiyl radical scavenging activities, whereas sesamol, gallic acid, and vitamins A, C, and E had the lowest. The structures of flavonoids with higher thiyl radical scavenging activities were a 3',4'-o-dihydroxyl group in the B ring and a 2,3-double bond combined with a 4-keto group in the C ring. These effective compounds found in the present work may be used as lead compounds for the potential inhibitors in the formation of trans-fatty acids in vivo.
Synthesis of block copolymers by combination of ATRP and photoiniferter processes (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Block copolymers of monomers polymerizing by different mechanisms can be prepared by the transformation approach. A wide range of combinations of different polymerization modes has been reported in the literature. In this work, the transformation approach was further extended to the preparation of block copolymers by combining atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and photoiniferter processes. RESULTS: Photoactive morpholine‐4‐dithiocarbamate‐terminated polystyrene (MDC‐PS‐MDC) was prepared by the reaction of dibrominated polystyrene, obtained by ATRP, with morpholine‐4‐dithiocarbamate sodium salt in dimethylformamide. The structure of MDC‐PS‐MDC was confirmed by 1 H NMR and UV‐visible spectral analysis. The ability of MDC‐PS‐MDC to act as a photoiniferter for the block copolymerization of methyl acrylate was examined. The polymerization shows a ‘living’ character at up to 25% conversion and produces well‐defined polymers with molecular weights close to those predicted from theory and relatively narrow polydispersities ( M w / M n ≈ 1.40). CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated that the end groups of polymers obtained by ATRP can be converted into morpholino‐4‐dithiocarbamate groups which act as photoiniferters. In this way, the desired mechanistic transformation between two controlled free radical polymerization methods can be achieved. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Green synthesis of porous flower-like palladium with high electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation (2013)

Using a Good's buffers, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) both as reducing and shape-directing agent, porous Pd nanoflowers were facilely prepared with high-yield by one-pot chemical reduction method, which are preferentially growing along the (111) directions, without any seed or surfactant. It is found that the amount of the precursors, temperature and reaction time play important roles in this synthetic procedure. And the flower-like Pd nanostructures exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation in alkaline media with good stability, which show potential applications as an effective catalyst in direct methanol fuel cell.
0226 Low-Dose Caffeine Administration During Acute Sleep Deprivation Eliminates Visual Motion Processing Impairment, but Does Not Improve Saccadic Rate (2019)

CPT elicited a graded increase of perceived pain (time, p<0.001), and increases were significantly greater during TSD (condition, p<0.05). These responses were not different between men and women (time condition sex, p>0.05). The condition effect was also observed when pain was expressed as mean change from baseline (NS, 6.9 2.4 vs. TSD, 8.2 2.4 a.u.; p=0.041) and peak change from baseline (NS, 8.4 2.7 vs. TSD, 9.7 2.5 a.u.; p=0.039). Changes in pain were correlated with changes in MSNA during the initial 30 seconds of CPT during both NS (r=0.513; p =0.025) and TSD (r=0.528; p=0.020).
Aquatic Foods and Nutrition in the Pacific (2020)

National rates of aquatic food consumption in Pacific Island Countries and Territories are among the highest in the world, yet the region is suffering from extensive levels of diet-related ill health. The aim of this paper is to examine the variation in consumption patterns and in nutrient composition of aquatic foods in the Pacific, to help improve understanding of their contribution to food and nutrition security. For this examination we analysed nutrient composition data and trade data from two novel region-specific databases, as well as consumption data from national and village level surveys for two Melanesian case studies, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Results demonstrated that consumption depends on availability and the amount and type of aquatic food consumed, and its contribution to nutrition security varies within different geographic and socio-demographic contexts. More data is needed on locally relevant species and consumption patterns, to better inform dietary guidelines and improve public health both now and into the future. Advice on aquatic food consumption must consider the nutrient composition and quantity of products consumed, as well as accessibility through local food systems, to ensure they contribute to diverse and healthy diets.
Lipoxin A4 and Lipoxin B4 Inhibit Chemotactic Responses of Human Neutrophils Stimulated by Leukotriene B4 and N-Formyl-l-Methionyl-l-Leucyl-l-Phenylalanine (1989)

1. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and lipoxin B4 (LXB4) have been evaluated for their capacities to modulate neutrophil (PMN) migration and endothelial cell adherence using compounds prepared by total chemical synthesis. 2. Increased PMN migration was seen with concentrations of LXA4 from 10(-9) mol/l to 10(-7) mol/l. LXA4 was 100-fold less potent than leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and it elicited only one-half of the maximal response of LTB4. 3. The (5S,6S,15S)-isomer of LXA4 induced only a weak migratory response and LXB4 was inactive, suggesting that the activity of LXA4 was stereospecific. 4. Modified chequerboard analysis indicated that LXA4 was a chemokinetic agent. 5. Preincubation of PMN with increasing concentrations of LXA4 induced a very similar dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the subsequent response to 10(-7) mol/l LTB4 or 10(-7) mol/l N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP). The inhibition was observed at 10(-10) mol/l LXA4; the concentration which produced 50% inhibition was 10(-8) mol/l and 100% inhibition of PMN locomotion occurred at 10(-6) mol/l LXA4. 6. The (5S,6S,15S)-isomers of LXA4 and LXB4 were 5- and 100-fold less potent than LXA4, respectively, in suppressing LTB4- or FMLP-induced PMN migration. 7. Preincubation of PMN with LXA4 led to a suppression of calcium mobilization, as assessed by Quin2-AM fluorescence, when the cells were subsequently stimulated under optimal conditions by LTB4 or FMLP. 8. These results suggest that the inhibitory activity of lipoxins may be related to the capacity of these molecules to regulate calcium ion mobilization.
Metodi di Machine Learning per la predizione di strutture proteiche e della loro interazione. (2007)

La Bioinformatica è una disciplina "nuova" tanto che la parola stessa è comparsa nella letteratura scientifica alla fine degli anni ottanta. Essa cerca di "ricavare informazione" dalla montagna di dati biologici che si stanno accumulando con la serie di ambiziosi e grandiosi progetti di ricerca in corso di realizzazione (vedi il progetto Genoma e quelli sulla Genomica Strutturale e la Proteomica). L'espressione "ricavare informazione" è volutamente generica e generale perché l'informazione a cui si fa riferimento può coprire, ed in effetti copre, molte se non tutte le aree di ricerca delle scienze della vita. La Bioinformatica necessita di un approccio multidisciplinare in grado di sfruttare le competenze ed esperienze di biologi molecolari, biochimici, genetisti, informatici, chimici, fisici ed ingegneri.
Generation Mechanism of Unevenness of Ultra Low Carbon Steel at Initial Stage of Solidification (2010)

Cooling curve of sample surface of ultra low carbon steel at initial stage of solidification was measured using a new temperature measurement system that consisted of a two-dimensional optical pyrometer and a chill plate which was made of transparent sapphire glass. The presence of recalescence phenomena was observed on the measured cooling curve of ultra low carbon steel sample and the recalescence temperature existed in the range of peritectic transformation temperature as well as low carbon and middle carbon steel samples. The difference of temperature at each measured point of a sample surface was very small until the temperature reached the recalescence temperature, but the difference of temperature became larger after recalescence because the thermal deformation of solidifying shell seemed to be generated. From experimental results for tensile strength and density during solidification, these values changed depending on the phase and the change of values between δ phase and γ phase was large. As the unevenness of solidified shell was generated by deformation accompanying peritectic transformation and the degree of unevenness could be arranged by both temperature ranges, there was a difference of tensile strength and difference of density during peritectic transformation.
An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of acetaminophenviaa three-dimensional hierarchical nanoporous gold wire electrode (2021)

Acetaminophen is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs worldwide. However, due to the increasing popularity of this drug, overdosing and the contamination of ambient waterways have emerged as major issues. Here, we report on a reliable, ultrasensitive, and easy-to-use sensor for the electrochemical detection of acetaminophen. This sensor employs a gold wire electrode with a unique three-dimensional hierachical nanoporous structure, fabricated using a dissolution, disproportion and deposition procedure. In consideration of optimal sensitivity and reproducibility, the most suitable nanoporous gold electrode was employed for the detection of acetamiophen among a set of nanoporous electrodes made under different reaction times. It was found that the pore size, film thickness, and electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) played major roles in the fouling resistance of the developed sensor. The ECSA of the selected sensor was increased by 15.8 times after the post-treatment. The 3D nanoporous electrode demonstrated excellent performance for the detection of acetaminophen with a low detection limit of 3.37 nM, and a strong anti-interference capability. The developed nanoporous Au electrode proved effective for the detection of acetaminophen in real sheep serum, which confirmed its promising application for medical diagnostics and pollutant surveilliance in source waters.
An in-depth numerical analysis of 25 m tall Reinforced Earth wing walls, built back-to-back and supporting a bridge approach (2023)

The project on State Route 288 in Richmond, Virginia, USA includes several Reinforced Earth walls (generically called Mechanically Stabilized Embankment or MSE walls) (Figure 1). The 25 m high walls supporting a bridge approach at Interstate 64 are the tallest MSE walls in the state. They also have a slender back-to-back configuration, with a 15 m separation. Due to the unusual height and slenderness of the structure, the Virginia Department of Transportation required a numerical analysis to verify the walls stability prior to construction. Field instrumentation and monitoring were also implemented. Based on his numerical analysis and the collected field data, the state’s design consultant published a paper that raised questions about the validity of the current design practice for back-to-back walls. In response, The Reinforced Earth Company conducted a new numerical analysis study of a more representative model of the MSE structure. The results, reported herein, validate the current design methods and improve our understanding of back-to-back MSE wall behavior. Figure 1 Project Location, West Side of Richmond. https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003416753/f1117dcd-68fe-4de0-b160-a55f5dbd063a/content/fig58_1.tif"/>
Autotrophic CO2fixation byDesulfovibrio baarsii: Demonstration of enzyme activities characteristic for the acetyl-CoA pathway (1985)

Permeabilized cells of Desulfovibrio baarsii catalyzed an isotopic exchange between 14CO and the carboxyl group of acetyl-CoA and an isotopic exchange between 14CO2 and the carboxyl group of acetyl-CoA. Cyanide, which inactivated the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase activity present in the cells, inhibited the 14CO2/acetyl-CoA rather than the 14CO/acetyl-CoA exchange reaction.
Harmonic balance, Melnikov method and nonlinear oscillators under resonant perturbation (2007)

The Subharmonic Melnikov's method is a classical tool for the analysis of subharmonic orbits in weakly perturbed nonlinear oscillators, but its application requires the availability of an analytical expression for the periodic trajectories of the unperturbed system. On the other hand, spectral techniques, like the harmonic balance, have been widely applied for the analysis and design of nonlinear oscillators. In this manuscript we show that bifurcations of subharmonic orbits in perturbed systems can be easily detected computing the Melnikov's integral over the harmonic balance approximation of the unperturbed orbits. The proposed method significantly extend the applicability of the Melnikov's method since the orbits of any nonlinear oscillator can be approximated by the harmonic balance technique, and the integrability of the unperturbed system is no more required.
Vibration tests on emosson arch dam, Switzerland (1982)

Abstract Measurements have been made of vibrations induced in the 180 m high Emosson arch dam in Switzerland 3 by a system of mechanical eccentric‐mass vibrators and by the natural wind. Details are given of the dam itself, the tests and the experimental results obtained. Finite element calculations made before the tests, which include reservoir and foundation effects, are compared with the measurements.
Dual monopole exposure strategy to improve extreme ultraviolet imaging (2022)

Background: In extreme ultraviolet lithography, the printable feature density is limited by stochastic defectivity, which can be reduced by increasing the optical contrast. The photomask induces pole-specific aerial image offsets. Consequently, illumination settings with multiple poles lead to contrast loss and focus offsets between different features.Aim: We aim to mitigate the contrast loss and best focus offsets between different features.Approach: Illumination was decomposed into monopoles. Each monopole was exposed separately using a fraction of the total dose. Each exposure was shifted by its pole-specific image offset to mitigate 3D mask effects.Results: Single monopoles mitigate contrast loss and best focus shifts, but in defocus, they suffer from aerial image shifts and distortions. Multiple aligned monopole exposures conserve these advantages but mitigate the problems in defocus. Because each monopole is exposed with only a fraction of the dose, the throughput penalty is limited to the scanner overhead.Conclusions: A multiple monopole exposure scheme can increase contrast, align the best foci, and mitigate single monopole exposure constraints. Additionally, it offers an improved pattern placement control through dose control knobs.
Phase 2, randomised placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an anti-GM-CSF antibody (KB003) in patients with inadequately controlled asthma (2016)

NCT01603277; Results.
Schmallenberg virus detection in bovine semen after experimental infection of bulls (2013)

To study Schmallenberg virus (SBV) excretion in bovine semen after experimental infection, two bulls were inoculated subcutaneously with a SBV isolate (1 ml Vero cell culture 106 TCID50). After inoculation (at day 0), semen was collected daily from both animals for 21 days and samples were tested for SBV by qRT-PCR assay. At 24 days post-inoculation both animals were subjected to necropsy and the genital organs and lymph nodes draining these organs were also tested for SBV RNA (qRT-PCR). After SBV infection both animals in the study showed viraemia (qRT-PCR) with fever and diarrhoea. SBV RNA could be detected in semen from both animals. The highest SBV RNA concentrations in semen were found in the first week (days 4-7 post-inoculation) but concentrations were relatively low (Ct values 30-39). Viable SBV was only isolated from blood samples and not from semen or genital tissues.
Use of a LiESP/QA-21 Vaccine (CaniLeish) Stimulates an Appropriate Th1-Dominated Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Dogs (2012)

Canine leishmaniasis is an important zoonotic disease of dogs. The clinical outcome of infection is variable, with the efficiency of the immune response being the key determining factor. There is now a general consensus that a predominant Th1 immune profile in an overall mixed Th1/Th2 response is associated with resistance in dogs, and the absence of a strong Th1 influence is associated with a progression to clinical disease. As a result, there has been a growing demand for vaccines that can induce a specific, strong Th1 response. In this study, we measured the impact of a primary course of a newly available LiESP/QA-21 vaccine on selected humoral and cellular markers of the canine immune response during the onset of immunity. All vaccinated dogs developed a humoral response characterised by IgG2 production. More importantly, vaccinated dogs developed significantly stronger cell-mediated immunity responses than did control dogs. Vaccination induced specific cellular reactivity to soluble Leishmania antigens, with a Leishmania-specific lymphoproliferation (p = 0.0072), characterised by an increased population of T lymphocytes producing IFN-γ (p = 0.0021) and a significant ability of macrophages to reduce intracellular parasite burdens in vitro after co-culture with autologous lymphocytes (p = 0.0014). These responses were correlated with induction of the NOS pathway and production of NO derivatives, which has been shown to be an important leishmanicidal mechanism. These results confirm that vaccination with LiESP/QA-21 induces an appropriate Th1-profile cell-mediated response within three weeks of completing the primary course, and that this response effectively reduces the parasite load in pre-infected macrophages in vitro.