gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predictive optimal control of wind farm reactive sources (2010)

This paper presents two different optimization models for predictive optimal control of wind farm reactive sources. The models are formulated as a reactive power dispatch problem. The objective of this optimization task is to reduce the operation cost of the on load tap changing transformers by reducing the short term tap changes using a predictive optimal control. Wind generation is predicted by neural network. The stochastic nature of the wind generation is modeled as a binary tree for the stochastic tree method. The proposed methods are tested on an offshore wind farm and solved using particle swarm optimization algorithm.
Selective Surgical Resection of the Medial Wall of the Cavernous Sinus for Invasive Pituitary Adenomas: Surgical Technique and Outcomes in 49 Patients (2018)

Background Pituitary adenomas often invade the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (CS) without extending into the cavernous sinus compartments. Surgical removal of the medial wall of the CS, while considered important to increase remission rates and decrease tumor recurrence, is generally not recommended secondary to the risk of vascular and cranial nerve injury and massive blood loss.
Enzyme Treatments to Enhance Oil Recovery from Condensed Corn Distillers Solubles (2010)

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of enzyme hydrolysis of various corn components on oil recovery from condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS). Hydrolysis with a commercial protease significantly increased oil recovery as the enzyme concentration increased, with the greatest oil recovery being 70% at 10% v/w (dry weight basis) enzyme concentration. Increasing centrifugal force from 8,500 to 12,240× g was only slightly effective for the non‐enzyme treated samples. Reducing CCDS particle size by grinding with a mortar and pestle increased oil recovery to 83% when an enzyme combination of a commercial cellulase mixture and a protease was used. Particle size reduction of CCDS by high‐speed blending resulted in low oil recovery, but the oil recovery was significantly improved after enzyme treatment. Zein‐lipid interaction was very strong when tested in a model system, with only 10% of the oil being freed by centrifugation alone. Following enzyme hydrolysis of the zein‐oil complex with a protease, oil recovery was increased to 97%. Overall, enzyme hydrolysis and further particle size reduction showed a small, albeit statistically significant, effect in increasing oil recovery from CCDS. These small increases may not justify the use of enzymes or processing modifications to reduce particle size in the ethanol industry, nonetheless, these data may provide a reference or insight to design more effective treatments for oil recovery.
The formulatiion development and stability of spironolactone suspension. (2015)

The purpose of this study was to extemporaneously formulate a liquid dosage form from commercially available tablets and establish the chemical stability of the drug. A suspension of spironolactone (5mg/mL) was formulated from 25-mg spironolactone tablets. Stability-indicating, high perfpromance liquid chromatography assay procedures were used to analyze the concentration of the drug. Chemical stability was predicted using accelerated stability studies. The stability studies were conducted at four temperatures, namely 5*, 30*, and 50*, and 60*C. The spironolactone suspension showed less than 10% degradation at all four temperatures for a period of three months. It appears that the formulation may be stable for longer periods of time; however, the investigation did not extend past this timeline and no recommendation should be implied.
Abstract 1396: Non-competitive inhibition of proteasome by kinase inhibitors (2021)

Abstract Inhibitors of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) and inhibitors of the proteasome are currently in use for treatment of hematologic malignancies. While the ubiquitin proteasome system is necessary for protein homeostasis in all mammalian cells, BTK is unique to some B cell malignancies. However, BTK inhibitors and LU-102, a specific inhibitor of the β2 site of the proteasome, have previously been shown to synergize in hematologic malignancies which do not express BTK, at a 100-fold higher concentration than is needed for complete inhibition of BTK, suggesting an off-target effect of these BTK inhibitors. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), a cancer with poor prognosis and no current targeted therapy, also does not express BTK. We found that LU-102 and a specific BTK inhibitor, CGI-1764, are de-facto synthetically lethal to TNBC cells, and that effect of other BTK inhibitors varied from similar synergy to no synergy. This data further supports the idea that synergy is due to off-target effects of BTK inhibitors.We have now found that CGI-1764 is a non-competitive, allosteric inhibitor of all catalytic subunits of the proteasome 20S proteolytic core and exerts its effect in a unique, dose-dependent manner. RNA sequencing shows that the Unfolded Protein Response pathway is upregulated in TNBC cells response to treatment with the CGI-1746+LU-102 combination. We also found that accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates is synergistic indicating that the combination treatment has a synergistic effect on the inhibition of proteasome activity. These findings may pave the path to the development of more potent allosteric inhibitors of the proteasome and show that kinase inhibitors should be screened for inhibition of the proteasome as potential off-target effect. Citation Format: Alexei F. Kisselev, Olasubomi Akintola, John Smith. Non-competitive inhibition of proteasome by kinase inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1396.
Interfacial slip friction at a fluid-solid cylindrical boundary (2012)

Recently we proposed a method to calculate the interfacial friction coefficient between fluid and solid at a planar interface. In this work we extend the method to cylindrical systems where the friction coefficient is curvature dependent. We apply the method to methane flow in carbon nanotubes, and find good agreement with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The proposed method is robust, general, and can be used to predict the slip for cylindrical nanofluidic systems.
Toward a Comprehensive Molecular Design Framework for Reduced Hazard (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTToward a Comprehensive Molecular Design Framework for Reduced HazardAdelina M. Voutchkova†, Thomas G. Osimitz‡, and Paul T. Anastas*†View Author Information Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, and Science Strategies LLC, 600 East Water St., Charlottesville, VA 22902* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†Yale University.‡Science Strategies LLC.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 10, 5845–5882Publication Date (Web):September 27, 2010Publication History Received11 September 2009Published online27 September 2010Published inissue 13 October 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9003105https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9003105review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3893Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Anatomy,Partition coefficient,Toxicity,Toxicology Get e-Alerts
Middleware and toolkit for next generation analog AI hardware acceleration (2021)

The next step in the evolution of specialized hardware for AI is rooted in addressing the performance efficiency loss from data movement between computational units and memory. This can be achieved through analog in-memory computing which eliminates the Von Neuman bottleneck and allows highly parallel computations directly in memory using memristive crossbar arrays. Although memristive crossbar arrays are a promising future Analog technology for accelerating AI workloads, their inherent noise, and non-idealities demand for improved algorithmic solutions.
The thymic compartment responsible for positive selection of CD4+ T cells (1992)

Our aim was to assess the generality of the observation that positive selection of CD4+ T cells is mediated by MHC class II molecules on epithelial cells of the thymic cortex. By appropriate matings of previously established transgenic and mutant mouse lines, we were able to produce animals that lacked MHC class II molecules; individuals expressing only the class II E complex, but in all the usual thymic compartments; animals that had E molecules in the thymic medulla but not in the cortex; and, reciprocally, individuals expressing the E complex in the thymic cortex but essentially not in the medulla. Those mice which displayed class II molecules in the cortex had normal numbers of CD4+CD8- T cells in the thymus and CD4+ T cells in the periphery, while 'bare' cortex mice were almost devoid of mature CD4 single positive cells. This finding serves to generalize observations from previous studies of similar design but limited to assaying positive selection of T cells which expressed a single transgenic E-restricted TCR or a subset of V beta 6+ TCRs.
A single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 1 of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated-4 (CTLA-4) is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis (2000)

No significant evidence was found of an association between RA and CTLA-4.
Aromatase inhibitors and breast cancer. (1996)

Selective aromatase inhibitors cause regression of breast carcinomas by reducing estrogen production via inhibition of the enzyme aromatase (estrogen synthetase). A higher incidence of hormone-dependent breast cancer occurs in postmenopausal women than in younger women. Thus, total estrogen blockade is more likely to be achieved with systemic (pharmacologic) methods than by surgical removal of endocrine glands. At the present time, breast cancer patients with hormone-dependent disease usually receive the antiestrogen tamoxifen as first-line treatment. Although tamoxifen is effective initially, patients develop resistance to the drug, which results in disease progression. Aromatase inhibitors acting by a different mechanism from tamoxifen are effective in some of these patients. There is also the potential that aromatase inhibitors could be more effective as first-line treatment. Formestane, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione, the first approved aromatase inhibitor, is proving to be useful in postmenopausal breast cancer patients with advanced disease. Recently, anastrozole, a nonsteroidal agent, has been approved in the United States. Other very potent aromatase inhibitors are under development. Aromatase inhibitors as a new class of well-tolerated agents are now becoming available for improving the treatment of breast cancer patients.
Surfactant modification of the surface energetics of hydrophobic polymers and protein adsorption (1992)

A low interfacial free energy between a polar surface and water is expected to lead to a smaller amount of protein adsorbed. However, nonpolar surfaces have high interfacial free energies with water. They can acquire lower interfacial free energies by modifying the polar and dispersion components of their surface free energy so that they approach those of water. The two-phase method, in which an aqueous solution of surfactant and chloroform constitute the two-phase system, can be used for the modification of the hydrophobic surface. The hydrophobic polymer is immersed for a short time in chloroform (which is a solvent for the polymer). This allows disentanglement of the surface chains. Subsequently, the polymer is pulled out through the solvent-water interface and further through the water phase. The monolayer of adsorbed surfactant present at the water-chloroform interface is thus transferred to the surface of the polymer. The hydrophobic chains of the surfactant and polymer entangle and the polar head groups orient towards the water phase. Protein adsorption experiments carried out with albumin and fibrinogen showed that the amounts of protein adsorbed on unmodified PMMA surfaces can be significantly higher than those on SDS- and Brij 35-modified surfaces. The sequence for adsorption is unmodified surface > SDS-modified surface > Brij 35-modified surface.
Indirect rock mass investigations for optimizing borehole drilling programs. Volume 4. Wave diffusion geotomography (1983)

Waves, by way of their speed of propagation, interaction with boundaries, and energy loss mechanisms, yield information related to the physical properties of media, through which they pass. Measurements of wave characteristics at the ground surface or in boreholes, therefore, provide a means by which to ascertain the geologic properties and internal geometry of a rock mass. The resolution of wave propagation techniques is shown to be theoretically limitless, depending only on instrument sensitivity and noise. Because of this, we recommend using techniques that can be applied in immediate proximity to candidate rock masses. Geotomography ad wavefront reconstruction (holography) are considered two promising techniques for site investigation and characterization. Of the two, geotomography is treated in detail because of its lower sensitivity to noise, and ease of implementation. Algorithms are presented for both ray-optic geotomography and diffusion geotomography. Although the diffusion geotomography algorithms is more general and more satisfying from a physics standpoint, for large numbers of measurements (typical field situations) the mathematics of the inverse problem implicitly requires source frequencies that approach ray optic behavior. The ultimate conclusion is that, regardless of the algorithm used, one should probe using the highest source frequencies possible for given site conditions.
SC-type single-mode optical fiber connectors (1989)

SC-type single-mode optical fiber connectors specifically developed for subscriber loop networks are discussed. The properties and design of precision zirconia ceramic ferrules which have been found to be ideal for high-performance, low-cost single-mode optical fiber connectors are described. A design approach featuring a plastic-molded rectangular connector housing using a push-pull coupling mechanism which has also been found to be suitable for durable, compact, and low-cost connectors is presented. SC connectors used with 10/125 single-mode fibers exhibit insertion loss of 0.06 dB and return loss of 38.6 dB, with no degradation during and after mechanical and environmental tests. To realize higher packaging density, duplex-ferrule connectors, quadruple-ferrule connectors and optical attenuators have also been developed on the basis of the SC connector design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rate-distortion optimized streaming of packetized media (2006)

This paper addresses the problem of streaming packetized media over a lossy packet network in a rate-distortion optimized way. We show that although the data units in a media presentation generally depend on each other according to a directed acyclic graph, the problem of rate-distortion optimized streaming of an entire presentation can be reduced to the problem of error-cost optimized transmission of an isolated data unit. We show how to solve the latter problem in a variety of scenarios, including the important common scenario of sender-driven streaming with feedback over a best-effort network, which we couch in the framework of Markov decision processes. We derive a fast practical algorithm for nearly optimal streaming in this scenario, and we derive a general purpose iterative descent algorithm for locally optimal streaming in arbitrary scenarios. Experimental results show that systems based on our algorithms have steady-state gains of 2-6 dB or more over systems that are not rate-distortion optimized. Furthermore, our systems essentially achieve the best possible performance: the operational distortion-rate function of the source at the capacity of the packet erasure channel.
Cost modeling for space optical telescope assemblies (2011)

Parametric cost models are used to plan missions, compare concepts and justify technology investments. This paper reviews an on-going effort to develop cost modes for space telescopes. This paper summarizes the methodology used to develop cost models and documents how changes to the database have changed previously published preliminary cost models. While the cost models are evolving, the previously published findings remain valid: it costs less per square meter of collecting aperture to build a large telescope than a small telescope; technology development as a function of time reduces cost; and lower areal density telescopes cost more than more massive telescopes.
Development of guidelines for the definition of the relavant information content in data classes (1973)

The problem of experiment design is defined as an information system consisting of information source, measurement unit, environmental disturbances, data handling and storage, and the mathematical analysis and usage of data. Based on today's concept of effective computability, general guidelines for the definition of the relevant information content in data classes are derived. The lack of a universally applicable information theory and corresponding mathematical or system structure is restricting the solvable problem classes to a small set. It is expected that a new relativity theory of information, generally described by a universal algebra of relations will lead to new mathematical models and system structures capable of modeling any well defined practical problem isomorphic to an equivalence relation at any corresponding level of abstractness.
Thermal Stress Promotes Host Mitochondrial Degradation in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Are the Batteries of the Reef Going to Run Out? (2012)

The symbiotic relationship between cnidarians and their dinoflagellate symbionts, Symbiodinium spp, which underpins the formation of tropical coral reefs, can be destabilized by rapid changes to environmental conditions. Although some studies have concluded that a breakdown in the symbiosis begins with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation within the symbiont due to a decoupling of photosynthesis, others have reported the release of viable symbionts via a variety of host cell derived mechanisms. We explored an alternative model focused upon changes in host cnidarian mitochondrial integrity in response to thermal stress. Mitochondria are often likened to being batteries of the cell, providing energy in the form of ATP, and controlling cellular pathway activation and ROS generation. The overall morphology of host mitochondria was compared to that of associated symbionts under an experimental thermal stress using confocal and electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that hyperthermic stress induces the degradation of cnidarian host mitochondria that is independent of symbiont cellular deterioration. The potential sites of host mitochondrial disruption were also assessed by measuring changes in the expression of genes associated with electron transport and ATP synthesis using quantitative RT-PCR. The primary site of degradation appeared to be downstream of complex III of the electron transport chain with a significant reduction in host cytochrome c and ATP synthase expression. The consequences of reduced expression could limit the capacity of the host to mitigate ROS generation and maintain both organelle integrity and cellular energy supplies. The disruption of host mitochondria, cellular homeostasis, and subsequent cell death irrespective of symbiont integrity highlights the importance of the host response to thermal stress and in symbiosis dysfunction that has substantial implications for understanding how coral reefs will survive in the face of climate change.
Clonal haematopoiesis as a risk factor for therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with chemo‐(immuno)therapy (2022)

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) may predispose for the development of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN). Using target next-generation sequencing (t-NGS) panels and digital droplet polymerase chain reactions (ddPCR), we studied the myeloid gene mutation profiles of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) who developed a t-MN after treatment with chemo-(immuno)therapy. Using NGS, we detected a total of 30 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in 10 of 13 patients with a t-MN (77%, median number of variants for patient: 2, range 0-6). The prevalence of CHIP was then backtracked in paired samples taken at CLL diagnosis in eight of these patients. Six of them carried at least one CHIP-variant at the time of t-MN (median: 2, range: 1-5), and the same variants were present in the CLL sample in five cases. CHIP variants were present in 34 of 285 patients from a population-based CLL cohort, which translates into a significantly higher prevalence of CHIP in patients with a CLL who developed a t-MN, compared to the population-based cohort (5/8, 62.5% vs. 34/285, 12%, p = 0.0001). Our data show that CHIP may be considered as a novel parameter affecting treatment algorithms in patients with CLL, and highlight the potential of using chemo-free therapies in CHIP-positive cases.