gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the role of TRPC1 in control of Ca2+ influx, cell volume, and cell cycle (2012)

Ca(+) signaling plays a crucial role in control of cell cycle progression, but the understanding of the dynamics of Ca(2+) influx and release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores during the cell cycle is far from complete. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the free extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) in cell proliferation, the pattern of changes in the free intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) during cell cycle progression, and the role of the transient receptor potential (TRP)C1 in these changes as well as in cell cycle progression and cell volume regulation. In Ehrlich Lettré Ascites (ELA) cells, [Ca(2+)](i) decreased significantly, and the thapsigargin-releasable Ca(2+) pool in the intracellular stores increased in G(1) as compared with G(0). Store-depletion-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and TRPC1 protein expression level were both higher in G(1) than in G(0) and S phase, in parallel with a more effective volume regulation after swelling [regulatory volume decrease (RVD)] in G(1) as compared with S phase. Furthermore, reduction of [Ca(2+)](o), as well as two unspecific SOCE inhibitors, 2-APB (2-aminoethyldiphenyl borinate) and SKF96365 (1-(β-[3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)propoxyl-4-methoxyphenethyl)1H-imidazole-hydrochloride), inhibited ELA cell proliferation. Finally, Madin-Darby canine kidney cells in which TRPC1 was stably silenced [TRPC1 knockdown (TRPC1-KD) MDCK] exhibited reduced SOCE, slower RVD, and reduced cell proliferation compared with mock controls. In conclusion, in ELA cells, SOCE and TRPC1 both seem to be upregulated in G(1) as compared with S phase, concomitant with an increased rate of RVD. Furthermore, TRPC1-KD MDCK cells exhibit decreased SOCE, decreased RVD, and decreased proliferation, suggesting that, at least in certain cell types, TRPC1 is regulated during cell cycle progression and is involved in SOCE, RVD, and cell proliferation.
CYTOMETRY: Editorial Policy (1994)

CYTOMETRY is the official journal of the International Soci-The scope of CYTOMETRY embraces all aspects of analytical cytology, which is defined broadly as characterization and measurement of cells and cellular constitutents for biological, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.It includes components of cytochemistry, cytophysics, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, pathology, image analysis, statistics, instrumehtation, clinical laboratory practice, and other relevant subjects.
Solvent-Free Ultrasonic Dispersion of Nanofillers in Epoxy Matrix (2021)

Dispersion of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers is a crucial processing step in the production of polymer-based nanocomposites and poses a great challenge due to the tendency of nanofillers to agglomerate. One of the most effective methods for dispersion is the use of a three-roll mill, which is a well-established method and results in agglomerates below 5 µm. Nevertheless, this process is time-consuming and thus a limiting factor for industrial applications. Our aim was to establish an easy and efficient ultrasonic dispersion process, characterize the dispersion parameters, and compare both methods, ultrasonication and the three-roll mill. We applied rheological tests and analyzed the agglomerate sizes by an image fit of the microscopy images. All these analyses combined deliver a valuable set of information about the dispersion's quality and, therefore, allows the improvement and further adaptation of the dispersion process.
Service Enterprise Engineering - Addressing the other 80% of the Economy (2006)

Join our guest Prof. Matthew Realff in discussing how advance math and computing help schedule everything from airlines to healthcare
Supplementary Figure 1 from Synergistic Induction of Adaptive Antitumor Immunity by Codelivery of Antigen with α-Galactosylceramide on Exosomes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 38K, aGC-loaded exosomes activate innate immune cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Smooth muscle cells express urokinase during mitogenesis and tissue-type plasminogen activator during migration in injured rat carotid artery. (1990)

Although the level of plasminogen activator (PA) expression has been correlated with cellular proliferation and migration in vitro, this relation has not been established in tissue undergoing repair. In a rat model of arterial injury, we have measured the expression of PAs by vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during entry into the growth cycle (0-24 hours) and subsequent migration from the media to the intima (starting at approximately 4 days). In normal rat carotid, low levels of urokinase-type PA (uPA) and tissue-type PA (tPA) are present; after removal of the endothelium, only uPA is detected in the media. uPA activity in extracts of carotid arteries increases and reaches a maximum between 16 and 24 hours after injury; uPA mRNA increases steadily and is maximal at 7 days. tPA activity appears at 3 days and is maximal at 7 days; tPA mRNA is present in normal vessels and reaches a maximum by 7 days. Most of the tPA in the media is associated with SMC and not with regenerating endothelium. Furthermore, tPA is present in the media before the SMCs migrate into the intima. These results demonstrate that PA expression by vascular SMCs is differentially regulated, with uPA present during mitogenesis and tPA during migration.
Coiled-Tubing Surface Characteristics and Effects on Fatigue Behavior (2000)

Summary The manufacturing procedure for coiled tubing induces different surface morphologies on the inner and outer surfaces. Since fatigue is a surface phenomenon, this can lead to different fatigue behavior at the two locations. This has been demonstrated in full-scale bending tests and in axial tests conducted on small coupon samples in closed-loop servohydraulic strain control. Furthermore, service environments can cause localized defects on the outer and inner surfaces of coiled tubing, such as grinding marks, corrosion pits, tool marks, or injector block damage, which can have a first order effect on fatigue strength. However, it is demonstrated in this article that there is an inherent tendency for cracks to initiate on the inner surface of coiled tubing. This tendency leads to the hypothesis that a "threshold severity" for external surface defects could exist, below which the fatigue strength of the tubing is not affected. Limited data confirm this hypothesis, and suggest that the severity could depend on the grade of the material.
Suppression of leaky expression of adenovirus genes by insertion of microRNA-targeted sequences in the replication-incompetent adenovirus vector genome (2014)

Leaky expression of adenovirus (Ad) genes occurs following transduction with a conventional replication-incompetent Ad vector, leading to an induction of cellular immunity against Ad proteins and Ad protein-induced toxicity, especially in the late phase following administration. To suppress the leaky expression of Ad genes, we developed novel Ad vectors by incorporating four tandem copies of sequences with perfect complementarity to miR-122a or miR-142-3p into the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the E2A, E4, or pIX gene, which were mainly expressed from the Ad vector genome after transduction. These Ad vectors easily grew to high titers comparable to those of a conventional Ad vector in conventional 293 cells. The leaky expression of these Ad genes in mouse organs was significantly suppressed by 2- to 100-fold, compared with a conventional Ad vector, by insertion of the miRNA-targeted sequences. Notably, the Ad vector carrying the miR-122a-targeted sequences into the 3'-UTR of the E4 gene expressed higher and longer-term transgene expression and more than 20-fold lower levels of all the Ad early and late genes examined in the liver than a conventional Ad vector. miR-122a-mediated suppression of the E4 gene expression in the liver significantly reduced the hepatotoxicity which an Ad vector causes via both adaptive and non-adaptive immune responses.
Effects of Postmenopausal Estrogen Replacement on the Concentrations and Metabolism of Plasma Lipoproteins (1991)

The postmenopausal use of oral estrogens in low doses favorably alters LDL and HDL levels that may protect women against atherosclerosis, while minimizing potentially adverse effects on triglyceride levels. The decrease in LDL levels results from accelerated LDL catabolism; the increase in triglyceride levels results from increased production of large, triglyceride-rich VLDL.
In vivo estimation of pigmentation in ultraviolet‐exposed hairless mice (1995)

A new in vivo method of visual scoring of pigmentation in hairless hr/hr mice with a C3H/Tif background is described. The mice were placed under a bank of 6 Philips TL08 fluorescent ultraviolet A (UVA) tubes in a dark room, and the pigmentation of the skin was compared with a Kodak Gray Scale with 20 different shades from white to black. The radiation from the tubes changed both the color of the back of the mouse and the gray scale into purple hues. The purple color of the back of each mouse could then be classified as one of 20 shades on the gray scale. An experiment was conducted exposing 3 groups of 20 mice to different doses of UV radiation from Philips TL01 tubes. One group of 20 mice was not irradiated and served as control. The pigmentation of each mouse was scored by one investigator every 2-3 weeks. After a few weeks of exposure a clear distinction between the groups was seen. To evaluate the inter- and intrapersonal variation of the method, 30 mice with various degrees of pigmentation were scored independently and blindly by two investigators. This was done twice during the study with a few days' interval. No interpersonal difference was found, but one investigator scored differently the first and second time by only 0.5 points. The described method provides a reproducible in vivo method, with very good discrimination, for estimation of pigmentation in hairless mice.
Genome-Wide Transcriptome Profiling Revealed Cotton Fuzz Fiber Development Having a Similar Molecular Model as Arabidopsis Trichome (2014)

The cotton fiber, as a single-celled trichome, is a biological model system for studying cell differentiation and elongation. However, the complexity of gene expression and regulation in the fiber complicates genetic research. In this study, we investigated the genome-wide transcriptome profiling in Texas Marker-1 (TM-1) and five naked seed or fuzzless mutants (three dominant and two recessive) during the fuzz initial development stage. More than three million clean tags were generated from each sample representing the expression data for 27,325 genes, which account for 72.8% of the annotated Gossypium raimondii primary transcript genes. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between TM-1 and the mutants. Based on functional enrichment analysis, the DEGs downregulated in the mutants were enriched in protein synthesis-related genes and transcription factors, while DEGs upregulated in the mutants were enriched in DNA/chromatin structure-related genes and transcription factors. Pathway analysis showed that ATP synthesis, and sugar and lipid metabolism-related pathways play important roles in fuzz initial development. Also, we identified a large number of transcription factors such as MYB, bHLH, HB, WRKY, AP2/EREBP, bZIP and C2H2 zinc finger families that were differently expressed between TM-1 and the mutants, and were also related to trichome development in Arabidopsis.
Deep sequencing of microRNA precursors reveals extensive 3' end modification (2020)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. An emerging mechanism to control miRNA production is the addition of an oligo-uridine tail to the 3′ end of the precursor miRNA. This has been demonstrated for the Let-7 family of miRNAs in embryonic cells. Additionally, nontemplated nucleotides have been found on mature miRNA species, though in most cases it is not known if nucleotide addition occurs at the precursor step or at the mature miRNA. To examine the diversity of nucleotide addition we have developed a high-throughput sequencing method specific for miRNA precursors. Here we report that nontemplated addition is a widespread phenomenon occurring in many miRNA families. As previously reported, Let-7 family members are oligo-uridylated in embryonic cells in a Lin28-dependent manner. However, we find that the fraction of uridylated precursors increases with differentiation, independent of Lin28, and is highest in adult mouse tissues, exceeding 30% of all sequence reads for some Let-7 family members. A similar fraction of sequence reads are modified for many other miRNA families. Mono-uridylation is most common, with cytidine and adenosine modification less frequent but occurring above the expected error rate for Illumina sequencing. Nucleotide addition in cell lines is associated with 3′ end degradation, in contrast to adult tissues, where modification occurs predominantly on full-length precursors. This work provides an unprecedented view of the complexity of 3′ modification and trimming of miRNA precursors.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus outbreak among Cape cormorants ( Phalacrocorax capensis ) in Namibia, 2022 (2023)

In January 2022, significant mortality was observed among Cape cormorants (<i>Phalacrocorax capensis</i>) on the west coast of Namibia. Samples collected were shown to be positive for H5N1 avian influenza by multiplex RT-qPCR. Full genome analysis and phylogenetic analysis identified the viruses as belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b and that it clustered with similar viruses identified in Lesotho and Botswana in 2021. This is the first genomic characterization of H5N1 viruses in Namibia and has important implications for poultry disease management and wildlife conservation in the region.
Content fuzzy learning for remote sensing image database systems (2002)

The present work is focused on the development of a learning module for the automatic implementation of a retrieval mechanism for a remote sensing images database, on the basis of user preferences. The proposed approach learns by example from the user and is based on an innovative integration of binary decision trees and fuzzy techniques.
Recursive overcomplete signal representations (2001)

For representing stationary signals, several well-established methods are available. For nonstationary signals, however, these approaches can be used only with serious limitations. If the signal can be characterized as a sequence of stationary intervals, overcomplete signal representations help to handle such problems. This paper introduces the concept of recursive overcomplete representations using different recursive signal processing algorithms. The novelty of the paper is that an on-going set of signal transformations together with appropriate (e.g., L/sub 1/ norm) minimization procedures can provide optimal on-going representations, on-going signal segmentations into stationary intervals, and on-going feature extractions for immediate utilization in diagnostics, or other applications.
N-glycosylation at noncanonical Asn-X-Cys sequences in plant cells (2010)

The vesicular transport pathway in plant cells is often used for higher accumulation of recombinant proteins. In the endoplasmic reticulum, which acts as a gateway to the vesicular transport pathway, N-glycosylation occurs on specific Asn residues. This N-glycosylation in recombinant proteins must be carefully regulated as it can impact their enzymatic activity, half lives in serum when injected, structural stability, etc. In eukaryotic cells, including plant cells, N-glycans were found to be attached to Asn residues in Asn-X-Ser/Thr (X ≠ Pro) sequences. However, recently, N-glycosylations at noncanonical Asn-X-Cys sequences have been found in mammals and yeast. Our laboratory has discovered that N-glycans are attached to Asn residues at Asn-Thr-Cys sequences of double-repeated B subunit of Shiga toxin 2e produced in plant cells, the first reported case of N-glycosylation at a noncanonical Asn-X-Cys sequence in plant cells.
IL-2 In Vivo Activities and Antitumor Efficacy Enhanced by an Anti-IL-2 mAb (2006)

IL-2 is a potent immunostimulant and has been tested for clinical use, including in immunotherapy for cancers and HIV infection. Here we show that a widely used neutralizing anti-murine IL-2 mAb (S4B6) exhibits unexpected activities that enhance the treatment effects of IL-2 in vivo. Coinjection of the anti-IL-2 mAb with a plasmid carrying murine IL-2 cDNA significantly increased the serum IL-2 levels and induced a substantial increase in the division of CD8+ T and NK1.1(high) cells in vivo. Injection of the mAb premixed with recombinant murine IL-2 showed the same enhanced effect. A 5-day treatment with the anti-IL-2 mAb alone gradually increased the CD44(high)CD8+ population, and the increased population was maintained for >300 days, suggesting that the mAb can gradually maintain and potentially enhance the bioactivity of endogenous IL-2 for extended periods. Furthermore, combined treatment with the anti-IL-2 mAb plus the IL-2 plasmid markedly enhanced Ag-specific CTL activity in vivo and partially protected mice from tumor metastasis to the lungs, compared with the anti-IL-2 mAb or IL-2 plasmid alone. These results demonstrated IL-2-enhancing effects of the anti-IL-2 mAb in vivo and suggest that combining a neutralizing anti-IL-2 Ab with IL-2 gene delivery might be used effectively to enhance IL-2 functions in clinical applications.
Mechanical Properties of Smokeless Composite Rocket Propellants Based on Prilled Ammonium Dinitramide (2012)

Abstract Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is a high performance solid oxidizer of interest for use in high impulse and smokeless composite rocket propellant formulations. While rocket propellants based on ADN may be both efficient, clean burning, and environmentally benign, ADN suffers from several notable disadvantages such as pronounced hygroscopicity, significant impact and friction sensitivity, moderate thermal instability, and numerous compatibility issues. Prilled ADN is now a commercially available and convenient product that addresses some of these disadvantages by lowering the specific surface area and thereby improving handling, processing, and stability. In this work, we report the preparation, friction and impact sensitivity and mechanical properties of several smokeless propellant formulations based on prilled ADN and isocyanate cured and plasticized glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) or polycaprolactone‐polyether. We found such propellants to have very poor mechanical properties in unmodified form and to display somewhat unreliable curing. However, by incorporation of octogen (HMX) and a neutral polymeric bonding agent (NPBA), the mechanical properties of such smokeless formulations were significantly improved. Impact and friction sensitivities of these propellants compare satisfactorily with conventional propellants based on ammonium perchlorate (AP) and inert binder systems.
[Improvement of venous diameter in bypass surgery: initial applications of ultraflexible biocompound grafts in patients]. (1996)

The use of varicose-ectatically altered veins in bypass surgery is unsatisfactory due to unfavorable flow dynamics and high closure rates. To date surgical repair possibilities to improve the flow profile of autologous vein bypasses have been limited. Using the patient's own veins to produce a biocompound graft, i.e. an ultraflexible hybrid prosthesis, is a simple method by which the surgeon can influence the profile and wall pressure of the bypass. The authors hope thus to improve the patency rate. When forming a biocompound graft, a vein is intraoperatively sheathed inside a fine ultraflexible metal mesh and the two joined with fibrin glue. The mesh hose is pulled over the entire length of the vein with the aid of an application set. Biocompound grafts were used as aorto-coronary bypasses in 9 patients (5 women, 4 men) in whom the possibility of using alternative bypasses did not exist. In 2 patients with femoro-popliteal bypass procedure the autologous varicose-ectatically altered vein was used as a biocompound-graft. Aorto-coronary bypasses: at the time of discharge from the hospital all biocompound bypasses were patent. No perioperative myocardial infarctions were observed. No wound infections occurred. Femoro-popliteal bypasses: at time of discharge from the hospital all biocompound bypasses were patent. The results prove the simplicity and reliability of this method in difficult surgical cases. The biocompound graft offers the surgeon the possibility of using varicose-ectatic veins if alternative bypasses are not available.
GRU (2018)

Graphics processing units (GPUs) have been widely adopted by major cloud vendors for better performance and energy efficiency. Recent research has observed a considerable degree of redundancy in managing computation and data in many datacenters, particularly for several important categories of GPU-accelerated applications such as log mining and machine learning. In this paper, we present GRU, an ecosystem that smartly manages and shares GPU resources through exploiting redundancy. GRU transparently interprets GPU-accelerated computing requests and memoizes results for potential future reuse. To enhance reusability, GRU implements a partial result reuse idea, where GPU computation requests even with different input data and functionality may become reusable w.r.t. each other. To guarantee correctness of partial reuse, GRU employs a compiler-assisted approach that analyzes general data parallel patterns that are reliable for the reuse purpose, and is capable of smartly recognizing such reusable data parallel patterns of incoming requests. We have fully implemented GRU and conducted extensive sets of experiments running micro-benchmarks on local machines and real-world applications including Spark-based uses cases in an AWS cluster. Evaluation results show that GRU is effective in identifying and eliminating redundant GPU computations, achieving up to 5x (2.5x) speedup for compute-intensive (data-intensive) benchmarks. In addition, GPU-managed Spark observes a reduction of 25.3% (39.8%) on average w.r.t. turnaround time (GPU occupation time) over state-of-the-art solutions.
Optical design and multi-length-scale scanning spectro-microscopy possibilities at the Nanoscopium beamline of Synchrotron Soleil (2015)

The Nanoscopium 155 m-long beamline of Synchrotron Soleil is dedicated to scanning hard X-ray nanoprobe techniques. Nanoscopium aims to reach ≤100 nm resolution in the 5-20 keV energy range for routine user experiments. The beamline design tackles the tight stability requirements of such a scanning nanoprobe by creating an overfilled secondary source, implementing all horizontally reflecting main beamline optics, applying high mechanical stability equipment and constructing a dedicated high-stability building envelope. Multi-technique scanning imaging and tomography including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and spectro-microscopy, absorption, differential phase and dark-field contrasts are implemented at the beamline in order to provide simultaneous information on the elemental distribution, speciation and sample morphology. This paper describes the optical concept and the first measured performance of the Nanoscopium beamline followed by the hierarchical length-scale multi-technique imaging experiments performed with dwell times down to 3 ms per pixel.