gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Brain β-Amyloid (Aβ) by Fluvastatin, a Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, through Increase in Degradation of Amyloid Precursor Protein C-terminal Fragments (APP-CTFs) and Aβ Clearance (2010)

Epidemiological studies suggest that statins (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors) could reduce the risk of Alzheimer disease. Although one possible explanation is through an effect on beta-amyloid (Abeta) metabolism, its effect remains to be elucidated. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms of how statins influence Abeta metabolism. Fluvastatin at clinical doses significantly reduced Abeta and amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragment (APP-CTF) levels among APP metabolites in the brain of C57BL/6 mice. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of lysosomal inhibitors blocked these effects, indicating that up-regulation of the lysosomal degradation of endogenous APP-CTFs is involved in reduced Abeta production. Biochemical analysis suggested that this was mediated by enhanced trafficking of APP-CTFs from endosomes to lysosomes, associated with marked changes of Rab proteins, which regulate endosomal function. In primary neurons, fluvastatin enhanced the degradation of APP-CTFs through an isoprenoid-dependent mechanism. Because our previous study suggests additive effects of fluvastatin on Abeta metabolism, we examined Abeta clearance rates by using the brain efflux index method and found its increased rates at high Abeta levels from brain. As LRP1 in brain microvessels was increased, up-regulation of LRP1-mediated Abeta clearance at the blood-brain barrier might be involved. In cultured brain microvessel endothelial cells, fluvastatin increased LRP1 and the uptake of Abeta, which was blocked by LRP1 antagonists, through an isoprenoid-dependent mechanism. Overall, the present study demonstrated that fluvastatin reduced Abeta level by an isoprenoid-dependent mechanism. These results have important implications for the development of disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer disease as well as understanding of Abeta metabolism.
Production Of H5N1 Hemagglutinin Intrichoplusia Ni Larvae By A Novel Bi-Cistronic Baculovirus Expression Vector (2010)

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses have created demand for a cost-effective vaccine to prevent a pandemic of the disease. Here, we report that Trichoplusia ni (T. ni) larvae can act as a cost-effective bioreactor to produce recombinant HA5 (rH5HA) proteins as an potential effective vaccine for chickens. To facilitate the recombinant virus identification, virus titer determination and access the infected larvae, we employed the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) derived from Perina nuda virus (PnV, belongs to insect picorna like Iflavirus genus) to construct a bi-cistronic baculovirus expression vector that can express the rH5HA protein and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) simultaneously. Western blot analysis revealed that the 70 kDa rH5HA protein and partially cleaved products (40 kDa H5HA1) were generated in T. ni larvae infected with recombinant baculovirus carrying the H5HA gene. These data suggest that the baculovirus-larvae recombinant protein expression system could be a cost-effective platform for H5N1 vaccine production.
Proton MR spectroscopic characteristics of pediatric pilocytic astrocytomas. (1998)

Despite the benign histology of the tumor, which generally lacks necrosis, a lactate signal was detected in all eight patients studied. A dominant lipid pattern was not observed.
Compartmentalization of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in heart tissue. (1977)

It’s been a rough news week. Between Thursday’s testimonies of Dr. Christine Blasey Ford and Judge Brett Kavanaugh before the Senate Judiciary Committee, and Kavanaugh’s near appointment to the Supreme Court Friday, many of us are exhausted. We would like a win for women.\nSometimes the quickest way to achieve that is to do it yourself. As such, this episode of Explain Me celebrates women who have made waves in the world of art and activism, through a series of interviews with four major figures—Mia Pearlman (Make NY True Blue), Jenny Dubnau (ASAP), Nancy Kleaver (PARADE), and Mira Schor (Selected writing).\nIn the first half of ...
Impact of Grinding Machine on Trace Metal Levels in Soup Condiments (2017)

This research seeks to evaluate the extent of metallic release into food condiment due to the use of grinder machine. Grinders aged between approximately 24 months and 42 months were used to grind soup condiments and the latter were analyzed for heavy metals using standard methods. The results revealed that grinder whose age was less than 24 months contained Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd and Cr (in mg/kg) to be 90.15 ± 35.73, 627.64 ± 247.29, 59.89 ± 26.96, 54.21 ± 21.45, 34.85 ± 4.44, 227.05 ± 34.73, BDL ± BDL and 137.68 ± 49.19 respectively. As the grinder’s age increased, it was observed that metal contribution also increased, with grinder of aged 42 months showing concentrations for the above-stated metals to be 161.42 ± 56.67, 818.10 ± 229.84, 72.20 ± 40.33, 122.38 ± 103.10, 150.22 ± 9.59, 318.54 ± 51.48, 5.89 ± 5.16 and 88.50 ± 13.79 respectively. Between the period of 24 and 42 months, it was observed that contribution of toxic metals (Pb and Cd) by the grinder increased by at least 300% and there was an equally noticeable increase for other metals under consideration high values obtained for these toxic metals pose great health dangers for humans who might be in regular consumption of foods processed with old grinders.
5′-Flanking Sequences in Thyroid Hormone Response Element Half-sites Determine the Requirement of Retinoid X Receptor for Receptor-mediated Gene Expression (1997)

Thyroid hormone receptors are ligand-inducible transcription factors that can potentially interact with thyroid hormone response elements as homodimers or heterodimers with the retinoid X receptor. It has generally been felt, however, that the heterodimer is responsible for induction of gene expression. We have demonstrated previously that the optimal thyroid hormone receptor binding sequence is not the consensus hexamer half-site AGGTCA but is an octamer, TAAGGTCA. Based upon these findings, we hypothesize that thyroid hormone response elements composed of optimal half-sites (TAAGGTCA) will bind thyroid hormone receptors readily and activate gene expression independently of the retinoid X receptor. In contrast, response elements composed of suboptimal half-sites (e.g. GCAGGTCA) will require the retinoid X receptor to facilitate thyroid hormone receptor-mediated gene expression. To test this hypothesis, we have reconstituted thyroid hormone receptor-mediated gene expression in yeast. Our studies confirm the hypothesis that the retinoid X receptor is required for gene expression from response elements composed of suboptimal half-sites, whereas thyroid hormone receptors are sufficient to activate gene expression maximally from response elements containing optimal half-sites. Furthermore, coexpression of steroid receptor coactivator-1 is required for ligand-dependent gene activation from single response elements. Surprisingly, however, coexpression of the retinoid X receptor decreases the steroid receptor coactivator-1-dependent thyroid hormone induction. Overall these data demonstrate that the architecture of the thyroid hormone response element dictates the nuclear receptor requirements for gene activation. The studies suggest that different coactivators may be required for gene activation depending upon the response element architecture and the nature of the bound thyroid hormone receptor complex (homo- versus heterodimer).
Enhancement of supercurrent through ferromagnetic materials by interface engineering (2022)

Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic materials exhibit interesting physics and show promise as circuit elements for superconducting logic and memory. For memory applications, the properties of the junction should be controllable by changing the magnetic configuration inside the junction. To achieve good magnetic switching properties, one should choose a soft magnetic material such as NiFe (permalloy); however, NiFe exhibits poor supercurrent transmission in Josephson junctions. In this paper, we put thin layers of Ni on either side of the NiFe and characterize the magnetic behavior and supercurrent transmission properties of the Ni/NiFe/Ni trilayers as a function of Ni and NiFe thicknesses. Using a Ni thickness of 0.4 nm, we find that the magnetic switching behavior of the trilayers is not severely degraded relative to plain NiFe, while the maximum supercurrent in the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ state of the trilayer Josephson junctions is increased by a factor of four relative to that of NiFe junctions. We speculate that the supercurrent enhancement is due to the different spin-dependent transport properties of the Cu/Ni and Cu/NiFe interfaces.
Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Deet, CIC-4, and AI3-37220 Against Anopheles dirus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand (1996)

Laboratory and field tests of the repellents diethyl methylbenzamide (deet), 1-(3-Cyclohexen-1-yl-carbonyl)-2-methylpiperidine (AI3-37220), and (2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl) acetic acid lactone (CIC-4) were conducted against Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrison, the principal malaria vector in Thailand. In the laboratory, An. dirus was more sensitive to CIC-4 than either AI3-37220 or deet. The duration of protection provided by each repellent in laboratory tests increased with higher concentrations of repellents and when exposed in cages containing fewer mosquitoes. A field study in Chanthaburi Province, southeastern Thailand, during November 1993 tested 25% (wt:wt) ethanol solutions of each repellent against An. dirus. In contrast to the laboratory experiments, protection provided by AI3-37220 was significantly better than either deet or CIC-4 and there was no significant difference between deet and CIC-4. Protection provided by deet and CIC-4 fell to below 95% 2 h after repellent application, whereas AI3-37220 provided > 95% protection for 4 h. The protection provided by all repellents fell to < or = 65% 7 h after repellent application.
Regional lymphadenopathy following COVID-19 vaccination: Literature review and considerations for patient management in breast cancer care (2021)

Clinicians managing breast cancer patients should be aware that the COVID-19 vaccination may result in regional lymphadenopathy in a significant number of patients, which can result in unnecessary investigations, treatment and increased patient anxiety. An accurate COVID-19 vaccination history should be collected from all patients where regional lymphadenopathy is a clinical and/or an imaging finding and then combined with clinical judgement when managing individual cases.
MRI of the Brain and Thorax during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Preliminary Report from a Pig Model (2006)

Early diagnosis of cerebral hypoxic ischemic complications during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is important to guide further treatment. However, diagnostic methods available during ECMO are limited, especially in adults and older children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive and noninvasive method for assessment of vessel patency and brain parenchymal changes, and for measurement of brain perfusion. The use of MRI during ECMO has, to our knowledge, never been reported. We report the first animal experiment with MRI examination during ECMO. After a preliminary test with the mobile ECMO system in the MRI environment, a healthy pig was put on venoarterial ECMO, transported to the MRI department, and examined with sequences for anatomy and function of the brain and thorax. The results showed that the ECMO system was not adversely affected by the magnetic field at a distance from the camera where positioning and examination of the animal was possible. High-quality anatomical and functional images of the brain, heart, and thoracic vessels were acquired. The results suggest that MRI may be used for early diagnosis of cranial complications in patients on ECMO. MRI may also provide a useful tool for further research on flow dynamics and brain perfusion during ECMO.
Optical Mapping-Validated Machine Learning Improves Atrial Fibrillation Driver Detection by Multi-Electrode Mapping (2020)

The machine learning model pretrained on Fourier spectrum features allows efficient classification of electrograms recordings as AF driver or nondriver compared with the NIOM gold-standard. Future application of NIOM-validated machine learning approach may improve the accuracy of AF driver detection for targeted ablation treatment in patients.
Removal of Oxygen in Ti–Si Melts by Arc-Melting (2017)

Oxygen removal from Ti–Si melts (Si: 9.1–30 mass%) during arc melting was investigated. High-purity Si was added to either Ti with a high oxygen content (High O Ti, O: 1.6 mass%) or commercially pure Ti (CP Ti, O: 0.104 mass%) melted under Ar or He gas flow conditions at atmospheric pressure. At Si additions of 23 mass% and 30 mass%, the oxygen content of the Ti–Si ingots decreased. After melting, Si and amorphous SiO2 powders were observed in the chamber, which suggested that the oxygen in the melts was removed in the form of SiO gas. The oxygen content of the Ti–Si ingots after melting varied as a function of position within the ingot; the residual oxygen content was lowest in the top section of the ingots and highest in the bottom section. Under the Ar gas flow, the oxygen content of the High O Ti–30Si ingot decreased to 0.136 mass% and 0.609 mass% in the top and center sections of the ingot, respectively; similarly, the oxygen content of the CP Ti–30Si ingot decreased to 0.030 mass% and 0.051 mass% in the top and center sections, respectively. After melting under He gas flow, the oxygen contents of the CP Ti–30Si ingot in the top, center, and bottom sections were 0.020 mass%, 0.021 mass%, and 0.029 mass%, respectively. Better uniformity of oxygen distribution in the ingots was achieved under the He gas flow than under the Ar gas flow because the melted region is extended in the depth direction by using He gas. During melting, no significant evaporation of Ti and Si occurred, which is an advantage of arc melting that operates at atmospheric pressure over electron beam melting that occurs in vacuum.
Ubiquitous and uniform in vivo fluorescence in ROSA26‐EGFP BAC transgenic mice (2007)

Transplantation studies and cell lineage analyses require the ability to explicitly distinguish morphologically identical cells that have an identifiable marker indicating their origin in vivo. Several reporter mouse strains have been generated for such studies, but pancellular detection of the marker in all tissues has not been achieved. In this report, we describe the generation of transgenic mice that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under control of a 187 kb bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) containing the murine ROSA26 locus, and show several advantages over existing EGFP reporter lines. It is demonstrated that EGFP is ubiquitously and reproducibly expressed from the murine BAC transgene in all organs and tissues analyzed, including the hematolymphoid compartment. Using this new reporter strain in hematopoietic cell transplantation studies, it is demonstrated that leukocytes in recipients maintain uniform transgene expression and are easily distinguished by flow cytometric analysis of live cells. The results suggest that the ROSA26 BAC is an efficient strategy for expressing complex transgene cassettes in vivo.
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Ironless Linear Motors (2018)

As the demands for accuracy and throughput in industrial positioning systems are increasing, classical control of ironless linear motors (ILMs) is facing its limit. Classical control scheme of an ILM typically consists of a simple sinusoidal commutation algorithm and a PID feedback controller. Classical commutation cannot compensate for parasitic effects, while classical PID feedback controller cannot guarantee constraints satisfaction. This problem can be addressed by replacing classical commutation with optimal commutation and PID controller with linear model predictive controller (LMPC). However, this LMPC and optimal commutation scheme requires solving two separate optimization problems, which is not optimal and can lead to infeasibility. In this paper we present a nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) scheme for ILMs. The scheme requires solving only a single optimization problem. It can guarantee constraints satisfaction and is capable of compensating for parasitic forces. Simulation results are presented for demonstration.
Supplementary Table from Licochalcone A, a Natural Inhibitor of c-Jun <i>N</i>-Terminal Kinase 1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 67K, Supplementary Table 1. JNKwt, JNK1-/- or JNK2-/- mice pretreated with or not treated with licochalcone A and then exposed or not exposed to SUV&lt;/p&gt;
Evaluation of optical tracking and augmented reality for needle navigation in sacral nerve stimulation (2022)

To conclude, we have shown two navigation alternatives that could improve surgical outcome by significantly reducing needle insertions, surgical time and patient's pain in SNS procedures. We believe that these solutions are feasible to train surgeons and even replace current SNS clinical procedures.
Viral Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Deconjugases—Swiss Army Knives for Infection (2020)

Posttranslational modifications of cellular proteins by covalent conjugation of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like polypeptides regulate numerous cellular processes that are captured by viruses to promote infection, replication, and spreading. The importance of these protein modifications for the viral life cycle is underscored by the discovery that many viruses encode deconjugases that reverse their functions. The structural and functional characterization of these viral enzymes and the identification of their viral and cellular substrates is providing valuable insights into the biology of viral infections and the host’s antiviral defense. Given the growing body of evidence demonstrating their key contribution to pathogenesis, the viral deconjugases are now recognized as attractive targets for the design of novel antiviral therapeutics.
Supramolecular Imaging of Immunolabeling with STEM EDX & EEL SI (2004)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Regioselective Mitsunobu Reaction of Partially Protected Uridine (2016)

Mitsunobu reaction of partially acylated uridine proceeds with high regioselectivity for intramolecular SN2 anhydro linkage closuring. Under the reaction conditions, an isomeric mixture of diacyl uridine derivatives with either free 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl group was transformed into a single cyclonucleosidic product, 2,2'-anhydro-3',5'-di-O-acyluridine. This paper presents a possible mechanism of the reactions, the explanation of observed phenomenon based on semiempirical and density functional theory (DFT) calculations and possible utility of this synthetic pathway.
Stark-effect study of excited states in sodium using two-photon spectroscopy (1977)

We have used two-photon absorption from counterpropagating laser beams of different frequencies to measure Stark shifts and splittings of the $6^{2}S$, $7^{2}S$, $8^{2}S$, $5^{2}D$, and $6^{2}D$ states in sodium. Beams from a fixed-frequency, single-mode ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ laser and a tunable, single-frequency cw dye laser were focussed into a coarse sodium atomic beam and the fluorescence was monitored. The collimation of the atomic beam reduced the residual Doppler width inherent in using two different frequencies. Using the two lasers allowed two-photon transitions to be observed at frequencies unattainable with the dye laser alone, and enhanced the transition rates due to the near resonance of the dye laser with the strong Na $3^{2}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3^{2}P$ transition. Our experimental results for the scalar and tensor polarizabilities, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$, agree with calculations in the Bates and Damgaard Coulomb approximation within 2% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ and 9% for ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$. As a by-product the hyperfine-interaction constants $a$ for the $S$ states and the fine-structure intervals $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{({E}_{\frac{3}{2}}\ensuremath{-}{E}_{\frac{5}{2}})}{h}$ for the $D$ states were obtained.
NOMA-Based Inter-Base Station Cooperative Scheduling Method Among Multiple Service Channels to Maximize Integrated System Throughput (2020)

We propose a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based inter-base station (BS) cooperative scheduling method among terminals in multiple service channels to maximize integrated system throughput. The proposed method optimizes coordinated time/frequency-domain scheduling, which includes bandwidth and power allocation to terminals, with inter-BS cooperation using NOMA with successive interference canceller (SIC). The computational complexity and signaling overhead at the backhaul of the proposed method are expected to increase as the number of BS in cooperation increases. Therefore, we introduce the limited range in inter-BS cooperation. We also evaluate computationally-efficient suboptimal transmission power allocation strategies in addition to the optimal one. Numerical results show that the effectiveness of the proposed method is especially significant when the system prioritizes the fairness among terminals (including fairness among services). We also show that the appropriate range in inter-BS cooperation and use of the suboptimal transmission power allocation strategy maintain most from the potential gain by using the proposed method while the system complexity is effectively reduced.
Motoriklek, fysisk aktivitet och lärande : en forskningsöversikt (2017)

Motoriklek, fysisk aktivitet och lrande -en forskningsversikt idrottsforum.org/feature-ericsson170616/
Cytokine profiles after nonionic dimeric contrast medium injection. (2003)

The results suggest CM-related liberation of cytokines with a sequential T helper type 1 (IL-2 after 1 hour), and T helper type 2-like pattern (IL-4, -5, and -6).
Theoretical analysis of ligand-binder complex formation: partial equilibrium and incubation time. (1978)

An efficient iterative solution method for second-order accurate discretizations of the 20 Steady Euler equations is described and results are shown. The method is based on a nonlinear multigrid method and on the defect correction principle. 80th first- and second-order accurate finite-volume upwind discretizations are considered. In the second-order discretization a limiter is used.\nAn Iterative Defect Correction process is used to approximately solve the system of second-order discretized equations. In each iteration ot this process, a solution is computed of the first-order system with an appropriate right-hand side. This solution is computed by a nonlinear multigrid method, where Symmetric Gauss-Seidel relaxation is used as the smoothing procedure.\nThe computational method does not require any tuning of parameters. Flow solutions are presented for an airfoil and a bi-airfoil with propeller disk. The solutions show good resolution of all flow phenomena and are obtained at low computational cost. Particularly With respect to efficiency, the method contributes to the state of the art in computing steady Euler flows with discontinuities.