gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurements of higher-order moments of the persistent current in normal metal rings (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that serve key functions in a wide range of biological processes, including cell growth, development, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. However, the association between miR-187 and B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) has yet to be fully investigated in lymphoma cell apoptosis. The present study hypothesized that a post-translational mechanism may exist for BCL6 expression, which is regulated by miR-187 in lymphoma cells. The present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-187 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells was significantly decreased, and its expression was negatively correlated with BCL6 expression. It was also observed that miR-187 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region of BCL6 mRNA and subsequently suppresses the expression of BCL6. Additionally, the induced expression of miR-187 significantly promoted DLBCL cell apoptosis <i>in vitro</i>. The drug sensitivity of human DLBCL SUDHL2 cells was increased following induction of miR-187 overexpression via an miR-187 mimic. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the modulation of miR-187 expression in DLBCL cells may improve the sensitivity of chemotherapy through BCL6 targeting.
A clean slate radio network designed for maximum energy performance (2014)

This paper presents a clean slate radio network solution, that has been designed with the aim to maximize energy performance. In traditional radio network designs, the energy cost for providing coverage (idle mode functionality) is totally dominating the network energy consumption. Here, a logical separation between idle mode functions and user plane data transmission and reception will be assumed. This allows us to meet the key challenge of reducing idle mode energy consumption in the network by designing for DTX and DRX also in the network nodes. The clean slate energy optimized system design targets this challenge with a new way of transmitting system information and performing initial system access. To illustrate the technology potential of the solution a simple system level evaluation is provided. It is shown that the gain of transmitting system information in a single frequency network (SFN) format is shown to be more than 4 dB at an inter site distance (ISD) of 10000 meters. Furthermore, with certain assumptions on future hardware it is estimated that the proposed concept can reduce area power consumption with up to 95% compared to a reference system of today.
Mitochondrial Transfer RNA Met 4435A>G Mutation Is Associated With Maternally Inherited Hypertension in a Chinese Pedigree (2009)

Mitochondrial DNA mutations have been associated with cardiovascular disease. We report here the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of 1 Han Chinese family with suggestively maternally transmitted hypertension. Matrilineal relatives in this family exhibited the variable degree of hypertension at the age at onset of 44 to 55 years old. Sequence analysis of entire mitochondrial DNA in this pedigree identified the known homoplasmic 4435A>G mutation, which is located immediately at the 3 prime end to the anticodon, corresponding with the conventional position 37 of tRNA(Met), and 35 other variants belonging to the Asian haplogroup B5a. The adenine (A37) at this position of tRNA(Met) is extraordinarily conserved from bacteria to human mitochondria. This modified A37 was shown to contribute to the high fidelity of codon recognition, the structural formation, and stabilization of functional tRNAs. In fact, a 40% reduction in the levels of tRNA(Met) was observed in cells carrying the 4435A>G mutation. As a result, a failure in mitochondrial tRNA metabolism, caused by the 4435A>G mutation, led to approximately 30% reduction in the rate of mitochondrial translation. However, the homoplasmic form, mild biochemical defect, and late onset of hypertension in subjects carrying the 4435A>G mutation suggest that the 4435A>G mutation itself is insufficient to produce a clinical phenotype. The other modifier factors, such as nuclear modifier genes, environmental, and personal factors may also contribute to the development of hypertension in the subjects carrying this mutation. Our findings imply that the 4435A>G mutation may act as an inherited risk factor for the development of hypertension in this Chinese pedigree.
Studying the Effects of ACGME Duty Hours Limits on Resident Satisfaction: Results From VA Learnersʼ Perceptions Survey (2010)

The 2003 ACGME duty hours standards were associated with improved satisfaction for resident clinical training and learning environments.
Chemoprophylaxis with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Provided Partial Protection against Infection with Simian Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Macaques Given Multiple Virus Challenges (2006)

We examined the efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in blocking simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection in Chinese rhesus macaques. Once weekly for 14 weeks or until a macaque became infected, 12 male macaques were inoculated intrarectally with amounts of SHIV(SF162P3) (10 median tissue culture infective doses; 3.8 x 10(5) virus particles) that were approximately 5-fold higher than the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels noted in human semen during an acute infection. Of the 12 macaques, 4 received oral TDF daily, 4 received oral TDF once weekly, and 4 (control animals) received no TDF. The control animals became infected after receiving a median of 1.5 virus inoculations; macaques receiving TDF daily (1 macaque remained uninfected after 14 inoculations) and those receiving TDF weekly became infected after a median duration of 6.0 and 7.0 weeks, respectively. Although infection was delayed in treated macaques, compared with control macaques, the differences were not statistically significant (P=.315); however, the study was limited by the small numbers of animals evaluated and the variability in blood levels of TDF that resulted from oral dosing. These data demonstrate that treatment with oral TDF provided partial protection against SHIV infection but ultimately did not protect all TDF treated animals against multiple virus challenges.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Annulated Dinuclear and Trinuclear Phthalocyanines (2005)

Metal-free mononuclear, dinuclear and trinuclear phthalocyanines were prepared by a mixed cyclotetramerisation of a 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene derivative and 4,5-bis(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)phthalonitrile. For the first time, a pi-electron-conjugated trinuclear phthalocyanine was synthesised with phthalocyanine units connected by common annulated benzene rings. The Q band of the trinuclear compound in solution occurs at lambda = 944 nm whereas those of the dinuclear and mononuclear compounds are at lambda = 853/830 and 701/664 nm, respectively. Fluorescence quantum yields, fluorescence lifetimes and singlet-oxygen quantum yields of the compounds were determined.
The pyrethrins and related compounds. Part XXV: Synthesis and insecticidal activity of conformationally restrained compounds related to 3‐phenoxybenzyl esters (1981)

Abstract Derivatives of 3‐phenoxybenzyl pyrethroidal esters were synthesised in which rotation about the benzylic C‐1–C‐α bond was restricted by an additional bridging ring. The insecticidal activities of these compounds to houseflies ( Musca dornestica ) and mustard beetles ( Phaedon cochleariae ) depended on the size of the bridging unit and on whether it joined C‐α to C‐2 or C‐6 of the benzyl nucleus. The results obtained are considered in relation to current correlations of the structures with the activities of pyrethroids.
BENEFICIAL AND DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF RBC-ADSORBED ANTILYMPHOCYTE GLOBULIN AND PREDNISONE ON PURIFIED CANINE ISLET AUTOGRAFT AND ALLOGRAFT FUNCTIONI (1991)

We have examined the effects of prednisone, cyclosporine, azathioprine, and RBC-adsorbed goat antidog antilymphocyte globulin on islet graft function in totally pancreatectomized canines with purified, quantitatively defined, autologous, or allogeneic islets transplanted to the liver. The objectives were twofold: (1) to determine the potential detrimental effects to islet autograft function of the aforementioned agents, and (2) to determine the relative efficacy of the "nontoxic" agents in prolonging purified islet allograft function administered in doses that would be considered tolerable in human. The islet autograft studies demonstrated that prednisone given in doses of 1-2 mg/kg/day had a detrimental effect on islet autograft function, and that the combinations of immunosuppression involving CsA, azathioprine, and ALG were not detrimental to islet autograft function to the extent that hyperglycemia would ensue. In the subsequent allograft studies, three groups of canines received islet transplants: (1) controls (n = 5; 7860 +/- 750 islets/kg/weight), (2) canines given CsA and azathioprine (n = 6; 6810 +/- 890 islets/kg/body weight), and (3) canines given CsA, azathioprine, and RBC-adsorbed goat antidog ALG (n = 8; 6540 +/- 710 islets/kg/body weight). The mean (+/- SE) day of rejection (serum glucose greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl) in the group of canine islet allograft recipients receiving CsA, azathioprine, and ALG was 11.8 +/- 1.4 days--significantly prolonged versus islet allograft recipients receiving no immunosuppression (mean survival 4.8 +/- 1.1 days, P less than 0.03), and versus allograft recipients receiving CsA/azathioprine without ALG (mean survival 4.4 +/- 1.4 days, P less than 0.05). Prednisone appears to be detrimental to islet graft function, even at low doses. ALG was not toxic, and significantly extended the survival of canine islet allografts. The inclusion of steroids as part of maintenance immunosuppression, or as treatment for acute rejection of islets, in human islet transplants should be reconsidered, whereas ALG or other antilymphocyte agents should continue to be used.
Waveguiding properties of a line of periodically arranged passive dipole scatterers (2002)

Electromagnetic properties of line-periodical arrangements of passive loaded dipole scatterers are studied. An analytical solution for eigenwaves propagating along infinite lines of dipoles is presented. Conditions of existence of guided-wave solutions are established. It is shown that in arrays of capacitively-loaded antennas very rapid phase variations along the line are possible, which can possibly be used to realize wide-band superdirective reflectors.
Sensitivity of high-k encapsulated MoS<inf>2</inf> transistors to I-V measurement execution time (2018)

High-k encapsulated MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> field-effect-transistors were fabricated and electrically characterized. Comparison between HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> encapsulated MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> FETs and their I-V response to execution time are shown. Changes in gate voltage step and integration time demonstrate that electrical characterization parameters can significantly impact device parameters such as the subthreshold swing and the threshold voltage.
Microstructure, dimensionality, and depression of the transition temperature in disordered superconducting films (1987)

Composite In/${\mathrm{InO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$ films are reproducibly fabricated with two classes of microstructure, islanded at low oxide content and amorphous-composite at high oxide content. The islanded films, near the percolation threshold, exhibit a two-dimensional depression of the mean-field transition temperature proportional to normal-state sheet resistance. The corresponding behavior in the amorphous composite films with similar resistivities is three-dimensional with a quadratic dependence on normal-state resistivity. Consistency with respective theory for each case is discussed.
In vitro reconstitution of human kidney structures for renal cell therapy (2012)

These findings demonstrate that human renal cell grown in three-dimensional culture are able to generate kidney structures in vitro. This system may ultimately be developed into an efficient cell-based therapy for patients with CKD.
A novel coating biomaterial for intracranial aneurysms: Effects and safety in extra‐ and intracranial carotid artery (2005)

Methyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a widely used material for coating cerebral aneurysm, was recently withdrawn. The aim of the present study was to develop an alternative coating material for cerebral aneurysm, which is safe, effective and stable within the brain. In the first experiment, an aneurysm model of the common carotid artery was produced in a rabbit by the local application of elastase. The aneurysm produced was covered by no material (Group A), a cellulose cotton sheet and conventional methyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Group B), a newly produced polyglycolic acid felt and fibrin glue (Group C), or a cellulose cotton sheet and fibrin glue (Group D). Histological examination showed that the materials resulted in the formation of tight connective tissue around the artery, and that the material was completely replaced by the connective tissue after 12 weeks. This change was found exclusively in Group C, but not in Group A or the other materials, although a temporary thickening of the intima was also observed at the site of the elastase application in Group C. In Group D, a long-term, marked thickening of the intima was observed. In the second experiment, using an intracranial internal carotid artery from a beagle, the applied polyglycolic acid felt and fibrin glue to the intracranial artery induced the formation of connective tissue around the artery that was completely absorbed 16 weeks after surgery. There were no signs of intimal thickening or of adverse reactions in nervous tissue. The present results suggest that polyglycolic acid felt and fibrin glue is a possible candidate for a safe, effective biomaterial to wrap or coat cerebral aneurysm.
Worst-case interactive communication. II. Two messages are not optimal (1991)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.36, no.5, p.1111-26, (1990). The author defines the chromatic-decomposition number of a hypergraph and shows that, under general conditions, it determines the two message complexity. This result is then used to provide that two messages are not optimal. Protocols, complexities, and the characteristic hypergraph of (X,Y) are defined. The playoffs problem is described. Although similar in appearance to the league problem given in an example, it is shown that its two-message complexity is about twice as high as its three-message complexity. The author proves a high lower bound on the chromatic-decomposition number of the playoffs problem's characteristic hypergraph showing that the problem has a high two-message complexity, and that allowing more than two messages may decrease the number of transmitted bits by a factor of two. A technique that improves the lower bound for the chromatic-decomposition number of the playoffs problem is described. However, this improved lower bound does not suffice to increase the provable gap between two and three message complexities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
FGF2 and FGFR1 signaling regulate functional recovery following cuprizone demyelination (2013)

In demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, remyelination offers the potential to recover function of viable denuded axons by restoring saltatory conduction and/or protecting from further damage. Mice with genetic reduction of fibroblast growth factor 2 (Fgf2) or Fgf receptor 1 (Fgfr1) exhibit dramatically improved remyelination following experimental demyelination with cuprizone. The current studies are the first to test neurobehavioral outcomes with these gene deletions that improved remyelination. The cuprizone protocols used did not produce overt abnormalities but did reduce bilateral sensorimotor coordination (complex wheel task) and increase sociability (two chamber apparatus with novel mouse). A significant effect of genotype was observed on the complex wheel task but not in the sociability apparatus. Specifically, complex wheel velocities for Fgf2 nulls improved significantly after removal of cuprizone from the diet. This improvement in Fgf2 null mice occurred following either acute (6 weeks) or chronic (12 weeks) demyelination. Plp/CreERT:Fgfr1(fl/fl) mice administered tamoxifen at 10 weeks of cuprizone treatment to induce Fgfr1 knockdown also showed improved recovery of running velocities on the complex wheels. Therefore, constitutive deletion of Fgf2 or Fgfr1 knockdown in oligodendrocyte lineage cells is sufficient to overcome impairment of sensorimotor coordination after cuprizone demyelination.
Performance and tradeoff analysis of Layered Steered Space-Time Codes (LSSTC) (2010)

In this work we study a recently proposed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system called the Layered Steered Space-Time Codes (LSSTC) that combines the benefits of vertical Bell Labs space-time (VBLAST) scheme, space-time block codes (STBC) and beamforming. The aim of this research is to investigate the analytical error performance of single user LSSTC. In addition, the tradeoff between several parameters of LSSTC is analyzed.
Personalized design strategy of vehicle steer-by-wire characteristics considering driving style (2022)

In order to meet the needs of drivers with different driving styles and improve driving comfort and safety, a personalized design strategy of vehicle steer-by-wire (SBW) characteristics considering driving style is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the driver hardware-in-the-loop test bench, the driver’s driving characteristic data is collected under double lane change condition. Then, the K-means clustering algorithm is adopted to classify the driver’s driving style into cautious type, general type and radical type. Based on this, combined with the clustering results and grid search method, the support vector machine algorithm is used to construct the driving style identification model. Finally, considering the driving style, vehicle stability and steering wheel alignment characteristics, the driver personalized variable steering ratio strategy is designed based on the ideal transmission characteristics, and the personalized SBW performance is analyzed under step condition and sinusoidal condition. The results indicate that the proposed personalized design strategy of vehicle SBW characteristics considering driving style can not only accurately identify driving style, but also meet the needs of drivers with different driving styles for vehicle response.
Evaluating component hiding techniques in circuit topologies (2012)

Security for Cyber physical systems includes not only guaranteeing operational security of data they process, but preventing malicious alteration of their execution due to knowledge of their underlying structure. With the advent of software in the form of reprogrammable hardware descriptions, protection of field programmable units from malicious reverse engineering and subversion becomes more critical. We compare four different white-box transformation algorithms aimed at hindering adversarial reverse engineering by changing component and signal configurations within combinational logic programs. We present security and efficiency analysis for these techniques and show positive results for achieving measurable hiding of signal and component information.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase-4 Structures Reveal a Metastable Open Conformation Fostering Robust Core-free Basal Activity (2008)

Human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is down-regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK4 is overexpressed in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes, resulting in impaired glucose utilization. Here we show that human PDK4 has robust core-free basal activity, which is considerably higher than activity levels of other PDK isoforms stimulated by the PDC core. PDK4 binds the L3 lipoyl domain, but its activity is not significantly stimulated by any individual lipoyl domains or the core of PDC. The 2.0-A crystal structures of the PDK4 dimer with bound ADP reveal an open conformation with a wider active-site cleft, compared with that in the closed conformation epitomized by the PDK2-ADP structure. The open conformation in PDK4 shows partially ordered C-terminal cross-tails, in which the conserved DW (Asp(394)-Trp(395)) motif from one subunit anchors to the N-terminal domain of the other subunit. The open conformation fosters a reduced binding affinity for ADP, facilitating the efficient removal of product inhibition by this nucleotide. Alteration or deletion of the DW-motif disrupts the C-terminal cross-tail anchor, resulting in the closed conformation and the nearly complete inactivation of PDK4. Fluorescence quenching and enzyme activity data suggest that compounds AZD7545 and dichloroacetate lock PDK4 in the open and the closed conformational states, respectively. We propose that PDK4 with bound ADP exists in equilibrium between the open and the closed conformations. The favored metastable open conformation is responsible for the robust basal activity of PDK4 in the absence of the PDC core.
SU‐D‐301‐05: Angular Dependency of the Slice Sensitivity Profile in Tomographic Breast Imaging (2011)

Purpose: To study the effect of angular acquisition on the slice sensitivity profile (SSP) in tomographic breast imaging, for both breast CT and tomosynthesis. Methods: Brass disks (0.025 mm thick) ranging in diameter from 2.5–20 mm were placed within mammography phantoms of varying thicknesses (3–6 cm). The disks were imaged using a prototype digital tomosynthesis system (Selenia Dimensions, Hologic Corporation, Bedford, Ma). The tomosynthesis system acquires images over an angular acquisition range of 15‐degrees. The same brass disks were used to measure the SSP in breast CT, using a 14cm‐diameter cylindrical polyethylene phantom. The bCT angular range spanned from 15 to 360‐degrees. A subset of the projection images were reconstructed with a filtered back projection algorithm to simulate limited‐angle acquisition. The SSP was determined by measuring the mean gray‐scale (GS) in the tomographic images along the z axis of the scan corresponding to the disk position. Normalized profiles of the background‐corrected mean GS values were generated as a function of the distance away from the detector. The full‐width at half maximum (FWHM) GS intensity was determined. Results: As the angular acquisition range increases, the SSP narrows and results in a smaller FWHM value. The FWHM values of the SSP for the smallest disk at (2.5 mm‐diameter) were 8.6 mm, 4.2 mm, and 0.8 mm for 15, 40, and 180 degrees, respectively. Conclusions: Limited angle tomography results in a broadening of the SSP, inversely proportional to the angular range of acquisition. The SSP approaches a minimum as the angular coverage exceeds 180 degrees. One author receives funding from Hologic (Bedford, Mass).
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of 3‐Hydroxy‐6‐heptenoic Acids into Bicyclo(3.2.0)hept‐3‐en‐ 6‐ones. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.