gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of high-frequency piezoelectric resonator-based cascaded fractional-N PLL with sub-ppb-order channel adjusting technique (2017)

We reported a high-frequency piezoelectric resonator (PZR)-based cascaded fractional-N PLL featuring channel adjusting technique with sub-ppb-order frequency resolution, which can overcome the difficulty using the narrow range GHz PZR. This paper details a design of the proposed cascaded PLL. In order to reduce power consumption of 2nd-PLL, a power-efficient latch for pre-scaler is proposed. 3rd-1st cascaded delta-sigma-modulator can reduce the number of gates. The prototype PLL was fabricated in a 65nm CMOS and achieved 8.484GHz to 8.912GHz output, 180 fs rms-jitter, and −244 dB FOM while consuming 12.7mW.
Highly adaptive integrated meniscus primary mirrors (2004)

Large optics for space will undergo a revolutionary change in the early 21st century. Conventional discrete manufacturing technology will be replaced by an integrated materials approach conducted on the mesoscale level. Integrated Zonal Meniscus is a revolutionary design and manufacturing approach for ultra-lightweight active mirrors that departs radically from the prevailing composite mirror designs and optical processing methods. The integration of actuators, sensors and electronics directly into a silicon carbide thin meniscus mirror substrate has decided advantages over conventional passive and active mirror configurations. The mirror is given the ability to compensate for optical wavefront errors in a configuration that reduces the overall areal density below 10 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Our design and manufacturing approach are scaleable to 8-meter class mirrors and beyond.
An alternative to the compact torus ICF driver (1992)

Plasma guns have been used in the Controlled Thermonuclear Reaction (CTR) Program to inject energetic deuterium-tritium plasma into a magnetic confinement machine, also for dense-plasma-focus devices to achieve fusion utilizing Z-pinches. In this report we propose another CTR application of a plasma gun: accelerating the plasma in a coaxial geometry to a speed in the neighborhood of a centimeter per shake with a total kinetic energy of about 20 MJ. The kinetic energy is efficiently converted to x-rays in a time of about a shake, and the x-ray pulse is used to implode an Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) capsule. As far as we know the plasma gun application we are proposing has not been explored before, but we observe that the LLNL Compact Torus Program hopes to accelerate a compact-torus-plasma to a comparable speed and energy and, in one of its applications, to generate x-rays for ICF purposes. In fact, the only difference between the LLNL Compact Torus Program and what we are proposing is that our plasma does not rely on imbedded magnetic fields and currents to minimize instabilities. We minimize instabilities by snowplowing the plasma to its required speed in a single shock. Which approach is better requiresmore » additional investigation.« less
Synthesis and characterization of dense Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore thin films\n deposited using RF magnetron sputtering (2016)

Thin films of phase pure pyrochlore Gd2Ti2O7 have been synthesized by RF\nmagnetron sputtering. The films were prepared from oxide targets in 50%O2/Ar\natmosphere and deposited on 111 YSZ substrates at a temperature of 800C. The\npyrochlore structure was confirmed via grazing angle x-ray diffraction and\nselected area electron diffraction (SAED). TEM analysis also showed that the\nfilms were dense and of uniform thickness with surface roughness of\napproximately 8nm. The total conductivity measured with AC impedance\nspectroscopy was found to be independent of thickness and comparable in\nmagnitude to that of bulk Gd2Ti2O7. Differences were observed in the Arrhenius\nbehavior between the bulk and thin film samples and are attributed to varying\nlevels of background impurities.\n
A conserved fold for fimbrial components revealed by the crystal structure of a putative fimbrial assembly protein (BT1062) fromBacteroides thetaiotaomicronat 2.2 Å resolution (2010)

BT1062 from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a homolog of Mfa2 (PGN0288 or PG0179), which is a component of the minor fimbriae in Porphyromonas gingivalis. The crystal structure of BT1062 revealed a conserved fold that is widely adopted by fimbrial components.
Methyl Esterification Divergently Affects the Degradability of Pectic Uronosyls in Nonlignified and Lignified Maize Cell Walls (2005)

Nonlignified cell walls from Zea mays (L.) cell suspensions were incubated with and without pectin methylesterase (PME) and a portion were artificially lignified to assess how methyl esters influence the release of pectic uronosyls and total sugars from cell walls by fungal enzymes. Treatment with PME reduced uronosyl concentrations from 97 to 92 mg/g, reduced uronosyl methylation from 57% to 21%, and increased Klason lignin concentrations in artificially lignified cell walls from 99 to 116 mg/g. Although PME treatment slightly enhanced uronosyl release from nonlignified cell walls, it reduced uronosyl release from artificially lignified cell walls by 55% after 4 h and by 7% after 72 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Pectin hydrolysis in PME treated cell walls was probably impaired by enhanced benzyl ester cross-linking of uronosyls to lignin via quinone methide intermediates. Variations in uronosyl methylation had little effect on the overall release of total sugars from cell walls.
Selectivity of shear rate on chains in polymer combination reaction (2006)

Abstract The combination reaction of linear low density polyethylene initiated by Dicumyl peroxide at elevated temperature was investigated under different steady shear rates. Gel‐permeation chromatography was used to determine the molecular weight distributions, and time–molecular weight superposition method was used to analyze the viscosity curves. The results showed that lower (or higher) shear rate increased the reaction possibility of shorter (or longer) chains. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 839–842, 2006
One-Particle Measurement of the Antiproton Magnetic Moment (2013)

\DeclareRobustCommand{\pbar}{\HepAntiParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\p}{\HepParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mup}{$μ_{p}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mupbar}{$μ_{\pbar}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\muN}{$μ_N${}{}\xspace For the first time a single trapped \pbar is used to measure the \pbar magnetic moment ${\bmμ}_{\pbar}$. The moment ${\bmμ}_{\pbar} = μ_{\pbar} {\bm S}/(\hbar/2)$ is given in terms of its spin ${\bm S}$ and the nuclear magneton (\muN) by $μ_{\pbar}/μ_N = -2.792\,845 \pm 0.000\,012$. The 4.4 parts per million (ppm) uncertainty is 680 times smaller than previously realized. Comparing to the proton moment measured using the same method and trap electrodes gives $μ_{\pbar}/μ_p = -1.000\,000 \pm 0.000\,005$ to 5 ppm, for a proton moment ${\bmμ}_{p} = μ_{p} {\bm S}/(\hbar/2)$, consistent with the prediction of the CPT theorem.
Molecular Imaging of HER2-Expressing Malignant Tumors in Breast Cancer Patients Using Synthetic 111In- or 68Ga-Labeled Affibody Molecules (2010)

Molecular imaging using (111)In- or (68)Ga-labeled ABY-002 has the potential to localize metastatic lesions in vivo, adds qualitative information not available today by conventional imaging techniques, and may allow the HER2 status to be determined for metastases not amenable to biopsy. To our knowledge, this is the first report on clinical imaging data obtained with a non-immunoglobulin-based scaffold protein.
Etiologic importance of the intimal flap of the external carotid artery in the development of postcarotid endarterectomy stroke. (1990)

A technically unsatisfactory end point (transition from the removed diseased plaque to normal distal intima) leading to an intimal flap of the external carotid artery has been identified as a source of perioperative stroke. The mechanism involves thrombus formation with retrograde propagation of the thrombus and subsequent embolization of the internal carotid artery. This report describes three cases illustrating this mechanism and methods of identification and correction. This mechanism of postoperative stroke adds further justification for the routine use of intraoperative surveillance studies to document the technical result of endarterectomy involving the internal and external carotid arteries. When an unsatisfactory end point is identified in the external carotid artery, it should be corrected with the same sense of concern as a similar finding in the internal carotid artery.
New discharge circuit using high voltage transmission line for efficient shock wave generation: application to lithotripsy (1994)

In extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), spreading wave amplitude is limited by the inductance of the discharge circuit. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the possibility of increasing pressure wave amplitude by using a low inductance transmission line. A high voltage transmission line has been constructed using a ferroelectric ceramic with relative dielectric constant equal to 1700 to give a total capacitance of 100 nF. A coaxial spark gap, with minimal inductance, has been developed to obtain triggered breakdown of the charged line. This new discharge circuit generates a high voltage rectangular pulse between underwater electrodes and then creates a spreading wave. Pressure amplitude and electroacoustic efficiency compared to conventional generators results demonstrate qualities of this new generator
Preparation and properties of one-dimensional C 60 nanostructures confined in the zeolite FSM-16 (1997)

Carbon nanotube is an interesting materials as a unique 1D nanosize structure. We have tried to prepare 1D C<SUB>60</SUB> nanostructures confined in the zeolite 'FSM-16' which have 1D holes of the diameter of 2.7 nanometers. 1D C<SUB>60</SUB> embedded in the holes in FSM-16 show new photoluminescence which peak energy is shifted about 0.1 eV higher than that of normal C<SUB>60</SUB> films. The shift of the photoluminescence can be explained by the quantum size effect of the C<SUB>60</SUB> confined to 1D holes. To prepare good samples, it is necessary to effuse out the absorbed gases in FSM-16. The results of gas effusion spectra until 1000 degrees C to clarify the properties of absorbed gases in FSM-16 are also shown and discussed to get good samples without the effect of absorbed gases.
Diastereoselective synthesis of 5-hydroxy-3-methylalkane-1,6-diones from ketones and acetylene in two atom-economic steps (2019)

(2R*,4R*)-2-Acetyl-2,6-diaryl-4-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrans (diastereoselectively synthesized from acetylene and ketones in one synthetic operation) undergo ring opening by aqueous NH4Cl (MeCN, 80 °C, 8 h) to afford diastereomerically pure 5-hydroxy-1,6-diketones in 48–89% yields.
Stage performance influence on dynamic simulation of gas turbine compressors (1997)

Analyses a stage‐by‐stage model to simulate the dynamic response of compression systems operating with axial multistage compressors. The compressor model is coupled with two different downstream volume (plenum) representations: the first is zero‐dimensional and the second is one‐dimensional. Both dynamic models utilize complete stage performance curves (direct unstalled flow, stalled flow and back flow) obtained through experimental investigation, or from theoretical analysis based on turbomachinery geometry and semi‐empirical considerations. Analyses in depth the results of the dynamic simulations, obtained utilizing both methods, compared to the experimental data reported in the literature, and finally compares one to the other through a fast Fourier transformer (FFT) analysis.
Studies on cartilage formation. XX. Histochemical investigation of some enzymes of glycogen metabolsim in regenerative articular surfaces. (1975)

In 28 dogs the distal articular cartilage of the femur was removed and the regenerating articular surface on the 70th postoperative day was studied histochemically for hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphohexose-isomerase, fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase, aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes, phosphoglucomutase, phosphorylase, glycogen synthetase, UDP--glucose dehydrogenase, and UDP-glucuronic acid-4-epimerase. The articular surface consisted of fibrous tissue and of cartilage islets. The latter contained cells differentiating into cartilage and young chondrocytes. The glycolytic enzymes reacted positively in the regenerative articular surface. Enzyme activities were higher in the cells (particularly the chondroblasts and young chondrocytes) of the cartilage islets than in the connective tissue. In the cells differentiations into cartilage, beside the LDH isoenzymes characteristic of glycolysis, a significant LDH1 and LDH2 activity was observed. At the same site the presence of fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase-activity could be assumed, but there was no glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Glycogen synthesis proceeded in the cells of the cartilage islets and UDP-glucuronic acid-4-epimerase activity was observed in the differentiated cells. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase activity was positive in every section of the articular surface.
GuideView: structured multi-modal delivery of clinical guidelines. (2005)

GuideView is a system designed for structured, multi-modal delivery of clinical guidelines. Clinical instructions are presented simultaneously in voice, text, pictures or video or animations. Users navigate using mouse-clicks and voice commands. An evaluation study performed at a medical simulation laboratory found that voice and video instructions were rated highly.
Spatial light modulator based color polarization imaging (2015)

We describe a compressive snapshot color polarization imager that encodes spatial, spectral, and polarization information using a liquid crystal modulator. We experimentally show that polarization imaging is compressible by multiplexing polarization states and present the reconstruction results. This compressive camera captures the spatial distribution of four polarizations and three color channels. It achieves <0.027° spatial resolution, 10(3) average extinction ratio, and >30 PSNR.
Suppression of hard bubbles by a thin Permalloy layer (1973)

We show experimentally that, by placing a thin Permalloy layer in intimate contact with a garnet film, hard bubbles can be suppressed. The suppression is due to exchange coupling between the Permalloy layer and the bubble walls. When the Permalloy layer is separated from the garnet film by a thin insulation layer, intermediate bubbles are observed.
Low-temperature Process for Fabrication of Porous Nanocrystalline Tin(IV) Oxide Film for Electrochromic Devices (2016)

We report a low-temperature annealing process for the fabrication of an electrochromic device based on a SnO2 nanocrystalline film. The device exhibits high transmittance and fast response times in the bleached state, and the difference in transmittance between the colored state and the bleached state is higher than that of a TiO2 film fabricated by low-temperature annealing.
Long-term evolution of the coupled boundary layers (STRATUS) mooring recovery and deployment cruise report NOAA Research Vessel R H Brown - cruise RB-01-08 9 October - 25 October 2001 (2002)

This report documents the work done on cruise RB-01-08 of the NOAA R/V Ron Brown. This was Leg 2 of R/V Ron Brown’s&#13;\nparticipation in Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC) 2001, a study of air-sea interaction, the atmosphere, and the upper&#13;\nocean in the eastern tropical Pacific. The science party included groups from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI),&#13;\nNOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory (ETL), the University of Washington (UW), the University of California, Santa&#13;\nBarbara (UCSB), and the University Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). The work done by these groups is summarized in this&#13;\nreport. In addition, the routine underway data collected while aboard R/V Ron Brown is also summarized here.
Nonlinear diffusion in excited Si crystals (2004)

We discuss the properties of the nonlinear diffusion equation for the case of diffusion in excited systems. The diffusion coefficient is directly proportional to the concentration of impurities and depends on the time in a special way. For the description of the excited systems, we used a special temperature function, which defined the time dependent diffusion coefficient and the Boltzmann's distribution of the excited vacancies or impurity atoms in solids. This model was used for approximation of very fast diffusion of metastable vacancies irradiated by soft X-rays in an excited Si crystal.
A Review of Patterned Organic Bioelectronic Materials and their Biomedical Applications (2015)

Organic electronic materials are rapidly emerging as superior replacements for a number of conventional electronic materials, such as metals and semiconductors. Conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, organic light-emitting diodes, and diamond films fabricated via chemical vapor deposition are the most popular organic bioelectronic materials that are currently under active research and development. Besides the capability to translate biological signals to electrical signals or vice versa, organic bioelectronic materials entail greater biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to conventional electronic materials, which makes them more suitable for biomedical applications. When patterned, these materials bring about numerous capabilities to perform various tasks in a more-sophisticated and high-throughput manner. Here, we provide an overview of the unique properties of organic bioelectronic materials, different strategies applied to pattern these materials, and finally their applications in the field of biomedical engineering, particularly biosensing, cell and tissue engineering, actuators, and drug delivery.
Light-induced injury in mouse embryos revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing (2019)

Our work revealed an integrated response to high-intensity lighting, involving morphological changes, long-lasting injury effects, and intracellular damage repair mechanisms.
A Post Mortem Analysis of the Strain-Induced Crystallization Effects on Fatigue of Elastomers (2019)

Natural rubber (NR) is the most commonly used elastomer in the automotive industry thanks to its outstanding fatigue resistance. Strain-induced crystallization (SIC) is found to play a role of paramount importance in the great crack growth resistance of NR (Lindley, Int J Fracture 9:449–462, 1973). Typically, NR exhibits a lifetime reinforcement for non-relaxing loadings (Cadwell et al., 1940; Ruellan et al., 2019). At the microscopic scale, fatigue striations were observed on the fracture surface of Diabolo samples tested in fatigue. They are the signature of SIC (Cadwell et al., 1940; Le Cam et al., 2013; Le Cam et al., 2004). In order to provide additional information on the role of SIC in the fatigue crack growth resistance of NR, striations are investigated through post-mortem analysis after fatigue experiments using loading ranging from −0.25 to 0.25. No striation was observed in the case of tests performed at 90 °C. This confirms that the formation of striation requires a certain crystallinity level in the material. At 23 °C, two striation regimes were identified: small striation patches with different orientations (Regime 1) and zones with large and well-formed striations (Regime 2). Since fatigue striations are observed for all the loading ratios applied, they are therefore not the signature of the reinforcement. Nevertheless, increasing the minimum value of the strain amplified the striation phenomenon and the occurrence of Regime 2.
Safety and efficacy of an olive oil-based triple-chamber bag for parenteral nutrition: a prospective, randomized, multi-center clinical trial in China (2015)

Small studies suggest differences in efficacy and safety exist between olive oil-based (OLIVE) and soybean oil-based (SOYBEAN) parenteral nutrition regimens in hospitalized adult patients. This large, prospective, randomized (1:1), open-label, multi-center, noninferiority study compared the delivery, efficacy, and safety of OLIVE (N = 226) with SOYBEAN (N = 232) in Chinese adults (≥18 years) admitted to a surgical service for whom parenteral nutrition was required. Treatments were administered for a minimum of 5 days up to 14 days (to achieve approximately 25 kcal/kg/day, 0.9 g/kg/day amino acids, 0.8 g/kg/day lipid). Impact of treatment on anabolic/catabolic and serum inflammatory, chemistry, and hematological markers, safety, and ease of use were assessed. The primary efficacy variable was serum prealbumin level at Day 5. OLIVE (n = 219) was not inferior to SOYBEAN (n = 224) based on the prealbumin least square geometric mean [LSGM] ratio [95 % CI] 1.12 [1.06, 1.19]; P = 0.002), improved the anabolic/catabolic status of patients enrolled in the study, and was well tolerated compared with SOYBEAN. Improved anabolic status was supported by significantly higher levels of prealbumin at Day 5, albumin at Day 5 and IGF-1 at Day 14 in the OLIVE group, while catabolism was similar between groups. C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, procalcitonin, and oxidation were similar in each group, but infections were significantly lower with OLIVE (3.6 % versus 10.4 %; P < 0.01). OLIVE provided effective nutrition, was well tolerated, was associated with fewer infections, and conferred greater ease-of-use than SOYBEAN. NTC 01579097 .
The Hughes low-voltage free electron laser program (1986)

The Hughes Free Electron Laser Program is based upon a previous low voltage oscillator experiment in which a 225‐kV electron beam was used to generate 60 kW of 30‐GHz radiation in a test model FEL1. The operation of these experiments are reviewed. The design of a second‐generation low‐voltage FEL and its incorporation into a two‐beam, two‐stage FEL are discussed.
Supplementary Table 2 from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived Proteins Dominate the Plasma Proteome Response during Breast Cancer Induction and Progression (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Tumor Microenvironment–Derived Proteins Dominate the Plasma Proteome Response during Breast Cancer Induction and Progression
Differential regulation of gene expression by ovariectomy in mouse aorta (2003)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ovarian hormones on gene expression in the vascular wall. Our approach employed an RT-PCR-based cloning strategy of DNA differential display analysis and verification/confirmation of differential expression by semi-quantitative PCR and real-time PCR. mRNA analysis of normal aortas from intact and ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice, showed altered expression of 20 genes with significant (>70%) sequence homology to known genes. Eight were selected for further study based on the genes' known function and potential relevance to vascular physiology. Differential expression of mRNA for three genes was confirmed by both semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR using gene-specific primers. Ovariectomy downregulated expression of elongation factor-1alpha (3.5-fold), ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein (8.2-fold), and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (3.8-fold). Thus, in normal mouse aortas, ovariectomy resulted in significant differential downregulation of a number of vascular genes important to vascular cell growth and angiogenesis, cellular differentiation, and mitochondrial energy metabolism, respectively. These studies have implications for our understanding of hormonal regulation of vascular gene expression and the therapeutic targeting of specific vascular genetic sequences by female sex steroid hormones.
Beam-plasma Discharge In The Ionosphere During Active Experiments (1994)

Provides an abstract of the keynote presentation and a brief professional biography of the presenter. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.