gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Few-layer antimonene decorated microfiber: ultra-short pulse generation and all-optical thresholding with enhanced long term stability (2017)

Antimonene, a new type of mono/few-layer two-dimensional (2D) mono-elemental material purely consisting of antimony similar as graphene and phosphorene, has been theoretically predicted with excellent optical response and enhanced stability. Herein, we experimentally investigated the broadband nonlinear optical response of highly stable few-layer antimonene (FLA) by performing an open-aperture Z-scan laser measurement. Thanks to the direct bandgap and resonant absorption at the telecommunication band, we demonstrated the feasibility of FLA-decorated microfiber not only as an optical saturable absorber for ultrafast photonics operation, but also as a stable all-optical pulse thresholder that can effectively suppress the transmission noise, boost the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and reshape the deteriorated input signal. Our findings, as the first prototypic device of absorption of antimonene, might facilitate the development of antimonene-based optical communication technologies towards high stability and practical applications in the future.
Interferometric study of selectively excited bubble capillary modes (1997)

We present an experimental study of capillary oscillations of a bubble of gas in water. The oscillations are detected by a very sensitive interferometric technique and the modes are excited by an electric field. We observe, and theoretically demonstrate, that by properly choosing the symmetry of the field we can selectively excite modes of different order. We have studied the dependence of the characteristic frequency of the breathing mode, of the quadrupolar mode and of the octupolar mode on the bubble size. Our results are in remarkable agreement with the results of the current linearized hydrodynamic description of the bubble modes.
Comparison between x-ray scattering and velocity-interferometry measurements from shocked liquid deuterium (2013)

The equation of state of light elements is essential to understand the structure of Jovian planets and inertial confinement fusion research. The Omega laser was used to drive a planar shock wave in the cryogenically cooled deuterium, creating warm dense matter conditions. X-ray scattering was used to determine the spectrum near the boundary of the collective and noncollective scattering regimes using a narrow band x-ray source in backscattering geometry. Our scattering spectra are thus sensitive to the individual electron motion as well as the collective plasma behavior and provide a measurement of the electron density, temperature, and ionization state. Our data are consistent with velocity-interferometry measurements previously taken on the same shocked deuterium conditions and presented by K. Falk et al. [High Energy Density Phys. 8, 76 (2012)]. This work presents a comparison of the two diagnostic systems and offers a detailed discussion of challenges encountered.
Integrated Membrane Process for the Treatment of Desulfurization Wastewater (2010)

In the desulfurization process for purification of coking gas, a huge amount of wastewater is generated. In order to recover the usable substances such as suspended sulfur (SS) and ammonium salts, e.g., (NH4)2S2O3 and NH4SCN, in the wastewater and also to avoid severe environmental problems in the case of improper disposal, an integrated membrane process mainly consisting of ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO) was proposed to treat the wastewater. In the UF process, a ceramic membrane was employed to remove SS and an efficiency of 99.9% and a steady flux of about 500 L·m−2·h−1 were achieved. In the NF step, (NH4)2S2O3 was separated from NH4SCN with a retention ratio of 95.0%, and finally 83.0% of (NH4)2S2O3 was recovered in the retentate, whereas 99.2% of NH4SCN was recovered in the permeate via dialysis with deionized water. In the RO process, NH4SCN can be recovered with an efficiency of 99.0% through a four-pass filtration process. Meanwhile, the RO permeate can be reused in the salt diafiltration process. The results show that the proposed integrated membrane process is technically feasible and economically efficient for the treatment of desulfurization wastewater generated in the coking industry.
“Brozier” (1850)

Journal Article “Brozier” Get access C. M. C. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s1-II, Issue 33, 15 June 1850, Pages 44–45, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s1-II.33.44d Published: 15 June 1850
{Beta}-FeOOH, a new positive electrode material for lithium secondary batteries. (1998)

Beta-iron oxy-hydroxide, which exhibits a (2x2) tunnel-type structure-similar to that of {alpha}-MnO{sub 2}, was found to intercalate reversibly lithium in the tunnels. This material exhibits a potential slightly higher than 2 V with a capacity of 275 mAh/g and very good cyclic reversibility. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) investigation of discharged material showed that iron is reduced to the divalent state, and the lithium incorporated in the tunnels was purely ionic. This explains the good reversibility of this electrode material.
Nanopatterning: Scalable Nanopillar Arrays with Layer‐by‐Layer Patterned Overt and Covert Images (Adv. Mater. 35/2014) (2014)

N. A. Kotov, S. J. Lee, and co-workers demonstrate on page 6119 that large-scale nanopillar arrays are produced in a single-step replication process and are transferable onto everyday materials. Ink-jet layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) creates overt and covert images on the nanopillars. The hidden images are revealed by light breath. Durable and scalable nanopillar arrays with LBL layers create new possibilities for combating counterfeiting of many goods, and other applications.
Foveal Structure Defined by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Correlates with Visual Function after Macular Hole Surgery (2010)

Establishment of continuity of IS-OS line is an important indicator of visual recovery in eyes with successful anatomic closure of macular hole.
Integrative analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci associated with neuropsychiatric disorders (2021)

Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP), and major depressive disorder (MDD) share common clinical presentations, suggesting etiologic overlap. A substantial proportion of SNP-based heritability for neuropsychiatric disorders is attributable to genetic components, and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) focusing on individual diseases have identified multiple genetic loci shared between these diseases. Here, we aimed at identifying novel genetic loci associated with individual neuropsychiatric diseases and genetic loci shared by neuropsychiatric diseases. We performed multi-trait joint analyses and meta-analysis across five neuropsychiatric disorders based on their summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), and further carried out a replication study of ADHD among 2726 cases and 16299 controls in an independent pediatric cohort. In the multi-trait joint analyses, we found five novel genome-wide significant loci for ADHD, one novel locus for BIP, and ten novel loci for MDD. We further achieved modest replication in our independent pediatric dataset. We conducted fine-mapping and functional annotation through an integrative multi-omics approach and identified causal variants and potential target genes at each novel locus. Gene expression profile and gene-set enrichment analysis further suggested early developmental stage expression pattern and postsynaptic membrane compartment enrichment of candidate genes at the genome-wide significant loci of these neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, through a multi-omics approach, we identified novel genetic loci associated with the five neuropsychiatric disorders which may help to better understand the underlying molecular mechanism of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Transition metal–carbon bonds. Part XX. Methyl derivatives of platinum-(II) and -(IV) containing tertiary phosphines as ligands (1969)

Methylplatinum(II) complexes of the types cis-PtMe2L2, cis-PtXMeL2 and trans-PtXMeL2(X = halogen; L = PMe2Ph or PMePh2) and methylplatinum(IV) complexes of the type PtX4–nMen(PMe2Ph)2(X = halogen, n= 1–4) are described. The stereochemistries are derived from the methyl resonance patterns in the n.m.r. spectra and are confirmed by dipole moment and i.r. spectral measurements. Values of δs(Me) for the platinum-bonded methyl groups, ν(Pt–C), ν(Pt–Cl), τ(Me), J(P–H) and J(Pt–H) are given and discussed.
Inverse planned stereotactic intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the treatment of incompletely and completely resected adenoid cystic carcinomas of the head and neck: initial clinical results and toxicity of treatment (2006)

The inverse planned stereotactic IMRT is feasible in the treatment of ACC. By using IMRT, high control rates and low side effects could by achieved. Further evaluation concerning the long term follow-up is needed. Due to the technical advantage of IMRT this treatment modality should be used if a particle therapy is not available.
On the Importance of Electric Currents Flowing directly into the Mould during an ESR Process (2008)

In the present paper a numerical model is developed to predict the exact electric current paths in the slag region of an Electro-Slag-Remelting (ESR) process. The model solves the momentum and energy equations. The solidification of the slag at the mould is modelled with an enthalpy-porosity approach. The magnitude of the Joule heating and the Lorentz force are derived from the computed electric current lines. The localization where the Joule heating occurs controls the temperature distribution. The electric current distribution is in turn influenced by the temperature field through the temperature dependant electric conductivity. With this numerical tool the electric current paths are exactly computed by choosing the less resistive way to the liquid pool, or to the mould. For a given electric intensity the model predicts the power generated by the system and the solidified slag thickness at the mould. The model is validated by comparing its results with experiments on a small scale ESR process with high current density.
Evolution Scenarios for Spatial Channel Networks Toward 1-Pb/s Optical Transport and Beyond (2020)

We reflect on the development history of optical network technology, discuss the opportunities for introducing spatial channel network (SCNs) in the future space division multiplexing era, review SCN technology, and discuss SCN evolution scenarios.
Anomaly Detection in Gamma-Ray Vehicle Spectra with Principal Components Analysis and Mahalanobis Distances (2006)

The goal of primary radiation monitoring in support of routine screening and emergency response is to detect characteristics in vehicle radiation signatures that indicate the presence of potential threats. Two conceptual approaches to analyzing gamma-ray spectra for threat detection are isotope identification and anomaly detection. While isotope identification is the time-honored method, an emerging technique is anomaly detection that uses benign vehicle gamma ray signatures to define an expectation of the radiation signature for vehicles that do not pose a threat. Newly acquired spectra are then compared to this expectation using statistical criteria that reflect acceptable false alarm rates and probabilities of detection. The gamma-ray spectra analyzed here were collected at a U.S. land Port of Entry (POE) using a NaI-based radiation portal monitor (RPM). The raw data were analyzed to develop a benign vehicle expectation by decimating the original pulse-height channels to 35 energy bins, extracting composite variables via principal components analysis (PCA), and estimating statistically weighted distances from the mean vehicle spectrum with the mahalanobis distance (MD) metric. This paper reviews the methods used to establish the anomaly identification criteria and presents a systematic analysis of the response of the combined PCA and MD algorithm to modeled mono-energeticmore » gamma-ray sources.« less
Factors that Influence Intake to One Municipal Animal Control Facility in Florida: A Qualitative Study (2017)

This qualitative study identified a study area by visualizing one year of animal intake from a municipal animal shelter on geographic information systems (GIS) maps to select an area of high stray-dog intake to investigate. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with residents of the selected study area to elucidate why there were high numbers of stray dogs coming from this location. Using grounded theory, three themes emerged from the interviews: concerns, attitudes, and disparities. The residents expressed concerns about animal welfare, personal safety, money, and health. They held various attitudes toward domestic animals in the community, including viewing them as pets, pests, or useful commodities (products). Residents expressed acceptance as well as some anger and fear about the situation in their community. Interviewees revealed they faced multiple socioeconomic disparities related to poverty. Pet abandonment can result when pet owners must prioritize human needs over animal needs, leading to increased shelter intake of stray dogs. Community-specific strategies for reducing local animal shelter intake should address the issue of pet abandonment by simultaneously targeting veterinary needs of animals, socioeconomic needs of residents, and respecting attitude differences between residents and shelter professionals.
Germline APC (I1307K) mutation and clinical outcomes in prostate cancer. (2022)

144 Background: The germline I1307K mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is a well known alteration identified in approximately 6% of the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Individuals with this mutation have an increased risk of developing colorectal and other cancers. The implications of the APC (I1307K) mutation in patients with prostate cancer are unknown. We sought to determine the clinical outcomes of patients with prostate cancer and the germline APC (I1307K) mutation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records from New York University and Johns Hopkins University to identify patients with the APC (I1307K) mutation. Eligibility criteria included the identification of the mutation either on germline or somatic tissue testing (when germline testing was not available). Aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) was defined using previously established criteria including: presence of small cell histology, presence of exclusively visceral metastases, bulky prostate mass or lymphadenopathy, low PSA with high-volume ( &gt; 20) bone metastases, neuroendocrine marker positivity or short interval ( &lt; 6 months) to castration resistance. Combined somatic alterations in two or more of following genes were assessed: RB1, TP53, PTEN. These somatic alterations have been previously associated with AVPC. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient data. Results: From 2016-2021, 13 patients with the germline APC (I1307K) mutation were identified. At the time of analysis 9 (69%) patients were alive. Most patients (7; 54%) had metastatic disease at presentation. Median PSA at diagnosis was 0.4 ng/mL (range: 0.4-20 ng/mL). The median time to castration resistance among those receiving hormonal therapy was 9 months (range: 3-13 months). Presence of small cell histology was found on initial biopsy in 3 patients and on subsequent biopsy in 1 additional patient (31% overall). Bulky prostate mass or lymphadenopathy was found in 3 (23%) patients. There were 2 (15%) patients who had low PSA with high-volume bone metastases. Four (31%) patients had radiographic progression with no concordant PSA increase. Clinically-defined AVPC was found in 7 (54%) patients and in 100% of those patients with metastatic disease. Combined somatic alterations in two or more of RB1, TP53 or PTEN were identified in 3 (23%) patients. Conclusions: Prostate cancers that develop in the presence of the germline APC (I1307K) mutation appear to be enriched for clinically-defined and molecularly-defined AVPC. Several of these patients demonstrated small cell histology and PSA-independent progression, higher than the expected background rate. This raises the hypothesis that the germline APC (I1307K) mutation influences the somatic genomic and/or epigenomic landscape of prostate cancer. Larger studies to validate the increased risk of AVPC in APC (I1307K) carriers, and to elucidate the somatic alteration landscape in these patients, are ongoing.
Hybrid Stochastic Short-Term Models for Wind and Solar Energy Trajectories (2015)

In the presence of renewable energy resources in the power system, most grid management applications make use of hourly or even minutely models for solar irradiance and wind speed. However, studies on the grid impact and controllability of these resources sometimes require focusing on shorter duration timeframes, namely secondly to minutely models. Detailed studies on power and voltage quality impacts, dynamic stability analysis, and transient capabilities of controllers are among those that can benefit from such short-term models. This paper presents a new method of creating random solar and wind samples, which utilizes a short-term (secondly to minutely) component and a longer-term component in order to capture both the overall statistical description of the energy resource, as well as the time-correlated values observed in wind speed and solar irradiance data sets. Models developed in this paper can generate wind and solar energy trajectories at very high resolutions to be used in suitable system-level studies.
On the Problem of Trust in Mobile Agent Systems (1998)

Systems that support mobile agents are increasingly being used on the global Internet. Security concerns dealing with the protection of the execution environment from malicious agents are extensively being tackled. We concentrate on the reverse problem, namely how a mobile agent can be protected from malicious behaviour of the execution environment, which is largely ignored. We will identify the problem of trust as the major issue in this context and describe a trusted and tamper-proof hardware that can be used to divide this problem among several principals, each of which has to be trusted with a special task. We show that the presented approach can be used to mitigate an important problem in the design of open systems. 1 Introduction The notion of trust has long been recognized as being of paramount importance for the development of secure systems [8, 16, 28]. For instance, any conceivable system for authenticating users needs trusted functionality that holds the necessary authentic...
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Elementoorganic Analogues of Natural Compounds. Part 2. A Convenient Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (S)‐(‐)‐o‐, ‐ m‐, ‐p‐Fluorophenylalanines, and Their 2‐Methyl‐Substituted Analogues. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mode-Locked, Multi-Wavelength Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser with 25 GHz Spacing (2007)

We demonstrate a mode-locked, multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser with 25 GHz spacing and wavelength tunability operating at 1 GHz. Stable room-temperature operation is obtained by exploiting four-wave mixing in a length of highly nonlinear fiber.
The contribution of mouse models to the understanding of constitutional thrombocytopenia (2016)

Constitutional thrombocytopenias result from platelet production abnormalities of hereditary origin. Long misdiagnosed and poorly studied, knowledge about these rare diseases has increased considerably over the last twenty years due to improved technology for the identification of mutations, as well as an improvement in obtaining megakaryocyte culture from patient hematopoietic stem cells. Simultaneously, the manipulation of mouse genes (transgenesis, total or conditional inactivation, introduction of point mutations, random chemical mutagenesis) have helped to generate disease models that have contributed greatly to deciphering patient clinical and laboratory features. Most of the thrombocytopenias for which the mutated genes have been identified now have a murine model counterpart. This review focuses on the contribution that these mouse models have brought to the understanding of hereditary thrombocytopenias with respect to what was known in humans. Animal models have either i) provided novel information on the molecular and cellular pathways that were missing from the patient studies; ii) improved our understanding of the mechanisms of thrombocytopoiesis; iii) been instrumental in structure-function studies of the mutated gene products; and iv) been an invaluable tool as preclinical models to test new drugs or develop gene therapies. At present, the genetic determinants of thrombocytopenia remain unknown in almost half of all cases. Currently available high-speed sequencing techniques will identify new candidate genes, which will in turn allow the generation of murine models to confirm and further study the abnormal phenotype. In a complementary manner, programs of random mutagenesis in mice should also identify new candidate genes involved in thrombocytopenia.
Modeling and validation of uniform large-area optical coating deposition on a rotating drum using microwave plasma reactive sputtering (2016)

Magnetron sputter deposition onto a rotating drum is a method applied to high-throughput large-area optical coating deposition, where film physical thickness uniformity is an important parameter. Techniques have been developed, such as masking/substrate movement, in order to improve sputtered film uniformity. In this study, a model is described and validated for predicting film uniformity. Experimental data show excellent agreement with modeled simulations, with and without a modified sputtering mask. Practical application is demonstrated in maximizing uniformity over an individual substrate size of 100 cm<sup>2</sup> for a high-optical-density visible/near-infrared dual-band laser protection filter.
Combination (2016)

This document presents recommended definitions of basic terms related to polymerization processes. Recent developments relating to the kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms of polymerization have necessitated the introduction of new terms and some revision or augmentation of terms previously defined in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”) or the IUPAC “Glossary of Basic Terms in Polymer Science”.