gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Liposome Payload Release by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Indocyanine Green (2018)

Remote monitoring of liposome payload release is of relevance to drug delivery and molecular imaging. However, conventional methods of monitoring release (e.g. fluorescence dequenching, luciferase) are difficult to apply at depths> 5 mm in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the photoacoustic (PA) imaging response of a novel formulation of indocyanine-green (ICG) loaded liposomes. Specifically, we prepared two liposomes formulations of different mean diameter (180 nm vs 900 nm) and characterized the PA response before and after liposome destruction to determine if dye release resulted in a change in the PA response of the dye. Results indicated that dye loading efficiency was 90% in the 180 nm liposome formulation and 25% in the 900 nm formulation. When intact, both liposomes exhibited a narrow optical absorption peak centered near 780 nm that broadened and shifted to 750 nm following liposome rupture. This liposome preparation may be used as blood pool contrast agents, molecular imaging agents, or markers of drug delivery processes in PA or optical imaging applications.
APE1/Ref-1 regulates PTEN expression mediated by Egr-1 (2008)

APE1/Ref-1, the mammalian ortholog of E. coli Xth, and a multifunctional protein possessing both DNA repair and transcriptional regulatory activities, has dual role in controlling cellular response to oxidative stress. It is rate-limiting in repair of oxidative DNA damage including strand breaks and also has co-transcriptional activity by modulating genes expression directly regulated by Egr-1 and p53 transcription factors. PTEN, a phosphoinositide phosphatase, acts as an 'off' switch in the PI-3 kinase/Akt signalling pathway and regulates cell growth and survival. It is shown here that transient alteration in the APE1 level in HeLa cells modulates PTEN expression and that acetylatable APE1 is required for the activation of the PTEN gene. Acetylation of APE1 enhances its binding to distinct trans-acting complexes involved in activation or repression. The acetylated protein is deacetylated in vivo by histone deacetylases. It was found that exposure of HeLa cells to H(2)O(2) and to histone deacetylase inhibitors increases acetylation of APE1 and induction of PTEN. The absence of such induction in APE1-downregulated HeLa cells confirmed APE1's role in regulating inducible PTEN expression. That APE1-dependent PTEN expression is mediated by Egr-1 was supported by experiments with cells ectopically expressing Egr-1. Thus, the data open new perspectives in the comprehension of the many functions exerted by APE1 in controlling cell response to oxidative stress.
Total ischemic myocardium is a powerful predictor for adverse cardiac events (2015)

Background Imaging techniques may contribute to the proper risk assessment of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Especially, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is able to provide important prognostic information by detection of myocardial scarring (late gadolinium enhancement, LGE) and reversible ischemia. Therefore, objective of the present study was to quantify the extent of total ischemic myocardium (TIM) by the combination of LGE and reversible ischemia by CMR and to correlate the results with long-term outcome and prognosis in patients with known or suspected CAD.
Geraniol-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Inhibit Enteric Pathogens on Spinach during Posttreatment Refrigerated and Temperature Abuse Storage (2018)

Post-harvest cross-contamination of produce with bacterial human pathogens reduces the usefulness of produce as a source of wholesome human food. The application of nano-encapsulated natural antimicrobials, including essential oil components of plants, can help protect produce safety by decontaminating produce from microbial pathogens. The primary objective of this research was to determine the efficacy of antimicrobial interventions on pathogen-inoculated spinach samples stored refrigerated (5 °C) for up to 10 days, or refrigerated (5 °C) for 5 days with subsequent moderate (15 °C) or severe (25 °C) temperature abuse thereafter until a total of 10 days had elapsed. The secondary objective of the study was to determine the capacity of antimicrobial interventions to inhibit and/or reduce pathogen numbers on spinach when inoculation followed intervention treatment, simulating cross-contamination of spinach following post-harvest sanitizing of spinach. Rinsed spinach was portioned into samples and inoculated with cocktailed antibiotic-resistant pathogens to 6.1±0.1 log10 CFU/cm2 for each pathogen. Treatments of geraniol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (GPNs) (0.5 wt.% geraniol), unencapsulated geraniol (0.5 wt.%), and 200 ppm free and available chlorine (FAC; pH 7.0) were applied to pathogens-inoculated or non-inoculated spinach samples. Following treatment, samples were collected for determining pathogen survival or were covered and held to determine changes in microbial populations (inoculated pathogens and naturally contaminating microbial hygiene indicators) during post-treatment simulated refrigerated and/or temperature-abuse storage. Changes in pathogen numbers were assessed periodically over 10 days for refrigerated (5°C), moderately (15°C) or severely (25°C) temperature-abused spinach. Immediately following treatment by FAC, unencapsulated or nanoparticle-entrapped geraniol, E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella counts on spinach ranged from 1.5 to 6.1 log10 CFU/cm2. Geraniol-loaded nanoparticles reduced pathogens to non-detectable numbers (detection limit: 0.5 log10 CFU/cm2) on refrigerated and moderately temperature-abused samples (15°C) within 7 days of storage post-treatment, and after 10 days of severe thermo-abuse storage (25°C). Conversely, FAC treatment did not reduce pathogens to non-detectable numbers for refrigerated spinach, and was not observed to inhibit pathogen growth in temperature-abused samples. Application of encapsulated geraniol can reduce pathogens on spinach surfaces, preventing their transmission to consumers, aiding the retention of produce wholesomeness and utility for human consumption and nutrition.
Clinical and neuropathological features of West Nile virus equine encephalomyelitis in Italy (2000)

West Nile (WN) virus infection is a mosquito-borne flavivirosis endemic in Africa and Asia. Clinical disease is usually rare and mild and only in a few cases the infection causes encephalomyelitis in horses, fever and meningoencephalitis in man. We report here the clinical and pathological findings in an epidemic of the disease involving 14 horses from Tuscany, Italy. All cases were observed from August to October 1998. Affected horses showed ataxia, weakness paresis of the hindlimbs and, in 6 cases, there was paraparesis progressing to tetraplegia and recumbency within 2 to 9 days. Eight animals recovered without any important consequences. Serological investigations revealed positivity to WN virus in all the 14 horses and the agent was isolated from the cerebellum and spinal cord of an affected horse. Postmortem examination was carried out on 6 horses. The neuropathological pattern was that of a mild to moderate, nonsuppurative polioencephalomyelitis with constant involvement of the ventral horns of the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord, where focal gliosis and haemorrhage were also apparent in some cases. Differential diagnoses with other equine viral encephalomyelitides are discussed. Climatological and environmental characteristics of the geographic area in which the outbreaks occurred suggest the existence of suitable conditions for the development of the disease. This is the first report of WN virus equine encephalomyelitis in Italy.
Effect of mechanical disturbances on stability of impregnated windings (1988)

The impregnation of magnet windings with epoxy resin is widely used in developing high-performance superconducting magnets. The purpose of the epoxy impregnation is to prevent wire motion, to enhance the rigidity of the windings, and to assemble the windings in one body. Composite beams simulating an impregnated coil have been examined in order to investigate the effect of mechanical disturbances such as bond failures or epoxy cracks on the stabilities. Since the elastic energy stored in impregnated coil could be released as heat, the sudden change of rigidity during deformation would induce the mechanical disturbances which could quench the superconducting windings. Mechanical disturbances simultaneously release acoustic emissions, hence, the disturbances were monitored by thermocouples together with an acoustic-emission measuring apparatus. The change of macroscopic mechanical properties was measured in terms to the load-displacement curve of the windings. The stress analysis was made using the finite-element method (FEM). It was confirmed experimentally that the epoxy crackings and bond failures could induce the rigidity degradation and cause the heat generation which could result in a premature quench. Such disturbances were successfully estimated by the FEM analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reduced diversity of AM fungi in annually cropped fields of the Canadian prairie (2013)

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are important service providers to agriculture that are impacted by certain cultural practices. We assessed the status of AM fungal resources in the Prairie, from the Grey to the Brown soil zone, through sampling 176 wheat fields, 117 adjacent roadsides and 24 natural areas, at heading. The 18S rRNA gene sequences of AM fungi in soil metagenomic DNA accounted for 15% of all fungal target sequences recorded, and clustered in 122 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), a proxy for species. A few OTUs dominated under each land use type, and these OTUs often dominated under all three types of land use. The AM fungal community was influenced by land use and soil type. The size of the family Claroideoglomeraceae decreased from Black to Brown soils, and from roadside to field soil. On average, about eight OTUs were found in a field or a natural soil as compared to 14 in roadsides, and diversity (Shannon index) was lowest in cropland where the community was very uneven. The diversity and abundance of AM fungi was low in Brown soils. Lower AM fungal abundance and diversity in 2009, the dry year, than in 2010, the wet year, suggests that the proliferation of AM fungi in Brown soils may be limited by water availability. A long history of frequent fallow and wheat monoculture in the Brown soil zone may also explain reduced AM fungal diversity in these dry soils.
Multi-functional Ultrasonic Micro-elastography Imaging System (2017)

In clinical decision making, in addition to anatomical information, biomechanical properties of soft tissues may provide additional clues for disease diagnosis. Given the fact that most of diseases are originated from micron sized structures, an elastography imaging system of fine resolution (~100 µm) and deep penetration depth capable of providing both qualitative and quantitative measurements of biomechanical properties is desired. Here, we report a newly developed multi-functional ultrasonic micro-elastography imaging system in which acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) and shear wave elasticity imaging (SWEI) are implemented. To accomplish this, the 4.5 MHz/40 MHz transducer were used as the excitation/detection source, respectively. The imaging system was tested with tissue-mimicking phantoms and an ex vivo chicken liver through 2D/3D imaging. The measured lateral/axial elastography resolution and field of view are 223.7 ± 20.1/109.8 ± 6.9 µm and 1.5 mm for ARFI, 543.6 ± 39.3/117.6 ± 8.7 µm and 2 mm for SWEI, respectively. These results demonstrate that the promising capability of this high resolution elastography imaging system for characterizing tissue biomechanical properties at microscale level and its translational potential into clinical practice.
Review: I'd Fight the World: A Political History of Old-Time, Hillbilly, and Country Music by Peter La Chapelle (2020)

Book Review| March 01 2020 Review: I'd Fight the World: A Political History of Old-Time, Hillbilly, and Country Music by Peter La Chapelle Peter La Chapelle, I'd Fight the World: A Political History of Old-Time, Hillbilly, and Country Music. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2019. 336 pp. Joseph M. Thompson Joseph M. Thompson Mississippi State University Email: jthompson@history.msstate.edu Joseph M. Thompson is an assistant professor of history at Mississippi State University. His forthcoming manuscript, “Sounding Southern: Music, Militarism, and the Making of the Sunbelt,” traces the economic and symbolic connections between the country music industry and the US Defense Department during the Cold War. His work has appeared in the journals Southern Cultures and American Quarterly, as well as the edited collection Reconsidering Southern Labor History. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Popular Music Studies (2020) 32 (1): 137–139. https://doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2020.32.1.137 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Joseph M. Thompson; Review: I'd Fight the World: A Political History of Old-Time, Hillbilly, and Country Music by Peter La Chapelle. Journal of Popular Music Studies 1 March 2020; 32 (1): 137–139. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2020.32.1.137 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentJournal of Popular Music Studies Search Given the recent intersections of electoral politics and popular music, where Cardi B discusses democratic socialism with Bernie Sanders and Toby Keith plays for the Trump inauguration, it might seem natural to map genres onto the nation's partisan divide. Politicians, pundits, and casual observers tend to overgeneralize about how Republican “red state” voters listen to country music, while pairing “blue state” Democrats with, well, anything else—pop, rock, R&B, or hip-hop. Granted, no genre holds an intrinsic alignment with any political party, yet these caricatures of taste and partisanship persist, particularly when it comes to country music and Republican conservatism. Peter La Chapelle's latest book, I'd Fight the World, challenges those... © 2020 by the Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, https://www.ucpress.edu/journals/reprints-permissions.2020 You do not currently have access to this content.
Development of Highly Constrained 1 m Ka-Band Mesh Deployable Offset Reflector Antenna for Next Generation CubeSat Radars (2019)

The emergence of CubeSats has opened up the possibilities of advanced space missions with lower costs and faster development times. A major factor that limits the functionality of CubeSats is the absence of high-gain antennas (HGAs) that can sustain a high data-rate link for communications or provide the required spatial resolution for remote sensing. In this work, we discuss the development of one of the largest apertures at Ka-band for CubeSats-a 1 m mesh deployable offset reflector antenna, with a stowed volume of 3U (10× 10 × 30 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> )-to enable precipitation radars that can achieve the required spatial resolution while meeting the stringent mechanical constraints posed by the small CubeSat volume. We detail the critical aspects of this antenna design, including RF characterization, antenna fabrication, and measurement. We also describe a novel deployment mechanism that facilitates the packaging of such a large aperture in a small volume. The antenna demonstrated a measured efficiency of 60%, with a half-power beamwidth of 0.60° at 35.75 GHz. The cost reduction afforded by CubeSats makes launching a constellation of such radar based CubeSats practical, allowing higher temporal sampling rates, which is essential for the observation of weather processes with a short-time evolution.
Tools for Non-Invasive Communication with Electrogenic Cells: Optogenetic Stimulation and Diamond Recording Devices (2011)

The extension of Ch2opt_mKATE expression in electrogenic cells shows that this tool has the potential for single cell level studies in cardiac and neural tissues. The illumination area is of critical importance and could be optimized by using a light spot with a diameter as close to the cell diameter as possible. Decoupling the stimulation light from the objective lens would also assist consistent depolarization because the spot diameter at the membrane surface could be made independent of microscope focal volume. Both HL_1 and neurons were shown to be manipulated by light flashes when sufficient illumination areas were used. In neurons, the limiting factor for stimulation reliability is the recovery of Ch2opt_mKATE from the inactive state after illumination. This is in contrast to other published Channelrhodopsin 2 variants where slow closing kinetics or poor currents have been addressed. Finally, a MEA format with high enough sensitivity to cell signals for neuronal monitoring has been found which lacks significant NCLEs. This is the platinized, planar gold MEA, with platinized electrodes, and ONO passivation on a Borofloat glass substrate. This will allow investigations using the complimentary techniques of MEAs and optogenetics, though novel combinations are sought that also have suitable resistance to photovoltaic and photoelectric effects.
Multifrequency and multitemporal ground-based scatterometers measurements on rice fields (2012)

This paper presents the backscattering coefficients of rice fields using an L, S, C and X-band scatterometer system during the growth period for a rice field. The system has full-polarizations (vv, vh, hv & hh) and can view various incidence angles (0°~90°) and azimuth angles (0°~360°). The field measurements were performed in Qionglai County of Chengdu (China) for the 2009 rice growing season. The rice parameters, including biomass, leaf-area index (LAI) and canopy structure were also measured experimentally in the field. The full-polarizations backscatter measurements at L, S, C and X-band have been analyzed as a function of the incidence angle, and the temporal variations of full-polarizations at four selected 35° incidence angles have been compared with the temporal variation of rice biomass and LAI. The results indicate that the backscattering coefficients have a strong correlation with the biomass and LAI, especially in the L and S-band. Therefore, the ground-based scatterometer is an effective tool for estimating rice growth.
Work function stability of thermal ALD Ta(Si)N gate electrodes on HfO/sub 2/ [CMOS device applications] (2004)

Ta(Si)N films deposited by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been investigated as potential gate electrode materials in advanced CMOS devices. The work function (/spl Phi//sub m/) of these films was determined by high-frequency capacitance-voltage measurements (HF-CV) on a thickness series of ALD HfO/sub 2/. Depositing films at 400 and 500/spl deg/C with an optimized pulse sequence, two films with Si content of 3 and 8 at%, respectively, were studied. Both Ta(Si)N films gave /spl Phi//sub m/ of 4.7/spl plusmn/0.1 eV, also, after high-temperature thermal treatment, with the 400/spl deg/C deposition giving more reliable electrical performance.
Imatinib Combined with Intensive HAM Chemotherapy as Consolidation of Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph1-ALL). Preliminary Results of the AFR03 Phase I/II Study. (2004)

Abstract In a large series of patients with Ph1-ALL treated in the LALA-94 trial, negative BCR-ABL minimal residual disease (MRD) and allogeneic donor availability were two independent good-risk factors for survival in those reaching hematological complete remission (HCR) after standard induction followed by intensive HAM consolidation (Dombret et al. Blood2002;100:2357). The HAM regimen included intermediate-dose cytarabine (1 g/m2/12h Day 1 to 4) and mitoxantrone (10 mg/m2 Day 3 to 5). The fraction of HCR patients in molecular CR (MCR) after HAM was 38%, with a median RT-PCR sensitivity of 10−5. In the present Phase I/II study, we combined increasing dosages of imatinib with HAM (HAMI regimen) in an attempt: 1) to increase the fraction of MCR patients from 38 to 75% (as primary objective); and 2) to evaluate the safety of the combination regimen and the feasibility of autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection after HAMI (as secondary objectives). Patients aged 18–60 years with Ph1-ALL in HCR after 1 or 2 cycles of chemotherapy were eligible in the absence of counter-indication for further stem cell transplantation. Imatinib was administered daily from Day 1 of HAM. MRD was assessed by RQ-PCR at Day 0 and Day 45 of HAMI. MCR was defined as a BCR-ABL level lower than 10−5 at Day 45. Twenty-two patients have been enrolled. Results observed in the first 18 patients treated in 3 consecutive 6-patient cohorts at 400, 600, and 800 mg/d imatinib, respectively, are available. Main results may be summarized as follows: 1) an excessive toxicity was observed in the 800 mg/d cohort leading to recommend the 600 mg/d dosage for further combinations of imatinib and intensive chemotherapy; 2) only 5 of the 15 patients tested (33%) reached MCR at Day 45 of HAMI and no clear correlations were found between molecular response and imatinib dosage or Day 0 MRD level; 3) after HAMI, PBSC collection was feasible under imatinib administration in 9 out of 14 patients (64%) with an apparent relationship between failure to collect and no MCR (P=.08); 4) only 3 patients were not able to receive allogeneic or autologous transplantation as further consolidation (1 early relapse, 1 severe infection, 1 too high MRD level); and 5) estimated 18-month disease-free and overall survival were 58% and 78%, respectively, with 8/15 patients receiving imatinib during the post-transplant period. In conclusion, failure to improve the MCR rate as compared to our no-imatinib historical control could be explained by the relatively short exposure to imatinib and/or by the absence of in vivo synergism between imatinib and cytarabine or mitoxantrone. More benefit might be anticipated by incorporating imatinib earlier in the treament i.e. first induction course. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of post-transplant maintenance with imatinib.
DIURNAL CHANGES IN MATERNAL PLASMA OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL AT 30 TO 31, 34 TO 35 AND 38 TO 39 WEEKS GESTATIONAL AGE (1980)

Diurnal changes in the concentrations of oestrone (E1) and oestradiol (E2) in maternal peripheral plasma have been measured in samples of blood taken at one hour intervals from women at 30 to 31, 34 to 35 and 38 to 39 weeks of pregnancy. There was a significant effect of time of sampling on the plasma concentration of E1 at all stages of gestation, and circadian changes in the levels of E1 were apparent at 34 to 35 and 38 to 39 weeks. Peak values were measured around 0830 to 0930 hours, and troughs occurred between 0130 and 0530 hours. Significant effects of time of sampling on the plasma concentration of E2 were found at 34 to 35 and 38 to 39 weeks of pregnancy; night-time concentrations were lower than the peak values at 0730 to 0830 hours. The relation of these changes to the circadian rhythms in the concentrations of cortisol and oestriol in maternal plasma are discussed.