gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cabergoline, a Long-Acting Dopamine D2 Agonist, on Reserpine-Treated Rodents. (1996)

We studied the characterization of cabergoline, a new ergot alkaloid derivative and a selective dopamine D2 receptor agonist, in comparison to bromocriptine and pergolide in reserpine-treated rodents. Cabergoline (0.25-1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) improved dose-dependently the reserpine-induced akinesia that was assessed on the locomotor activity, and the efficacy lasted longer than those of bromocriptine (1.25-5.0 mg/kg, s.c.) or pergolide (0.0625-0.5 mg/kg s.c.). Cabergoline (ED50 = 1.10 mg/kg, at 4 h after the administration of drugs) also reversed catalepsy, the failure to correct an externally imposed posture, and its efficacy was stronger and longer than bromocriptine (ED50 = 4.65 mg/kg, at 4 h). Further, reserpine-induced rigidity was improved equally by cabergoline (0.125-1.0 mg/kg, i.v) and bromocriptine (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.). When cabergoline was administered together with 3(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA), the effects were additive. Our results indicate that the long-lasting effects of cabergoline could be beneficial for treating Parkinson's disease.
Event-Triggered Boundary Control of Semilinear Hyperbolic Systems (2023)

In this article, we present an event-triggered boundary control scheme for hyperbolic systems. The trigger condition is based on predictions of the state on determinate sets, and the control input is updated only when the predictions deviate from the reference by a given margin. Nominal closed-loop stability, the absence of Zeno behavior, and robustness to uncertainty and disturbances, are all established analytically. For the special case of linear systems, the trigger condition can be expressed in closed-form as an <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> -scalar product of kernels with the distributed state. The presented controller can also be combined with existing observers to solve the event-triggered output-feedback control problem. A numerical simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Multifractals in Elastic Tube Vibrations Due to Internal Flow (1995)

A cantilevered tube with internal flow loses stability through a mechanism known as flutter. In this paper we investigate a fluttering tube subject to a periodic external forcing. This system is characterized by two frequencies: the flutter frequency and the forcing frequency. For low amplitude forcing, the dynamics evolve on a 2-torus and can exhibit quasiperiodicity or mode locking. For stronger forcing, the dynamics can bifurcate to chaotic motion through the quasiperiodic route. At this bifurcation, we investigate the structure of the Poincaré map generated by sampling on the forcing frequency. After unwinding the attractor, we characterize the distribution of points using the theory of multifractals. Comparisons are made to the results of the standard sine circle map and the binomial iterations. Distributions were obtained which correlate well with the subcritical circle map or with the binomial distribution depending on the system configuration.
Hepatitis B virus core antigen: synthesis in Escherichia coli and application in diagnosis. (1982)

Fragments of hepatitis B virus DNA cloned in plasmid pBR322 carrying the gene for the viral core antigen have been placed under the control of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli. Several of the new recombinants direct higher levels of synthesis of the antigen, but the degree of enhancement varies with the different structures of the plasmids and hence the mRNAs produced. The antigen in crude bacterial lysates is a satisfactory diagnostic reagent for antibodies to the core antigen in serum samples.
Aryl Mesylates in Metal-Catalyzed Homocoupling and Cross-Coupling Reactions. 1. Functional Symmetrical Biaryls from Phenols via Nickel-Catalyzed Homocoupling of Their Mesylates (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAryl Mesylates in Metal-Catalyzed Homocoupling and Cross-Coupling Reactions. 1. Functional Symmetrical Biaryls from Phenols via Nickel-Catalyzed Homocoupling of Their MesylatesVirgil Percec, Jin-Young Bae, Mingyang Zhao, and Dale H. HillCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1, 176–185Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00106a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00106a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2796Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Crowdsourcing under Real-Time Constraints (2013)

In the recent years we are experiencing the rapid growth of crowdsourcing systems, in which “human workers” are enlisted to perform tasks more effectively than computers, and get compensated for the work they provide. The common belief is that the wisdom of the “human crowd” can greatly complement many computer tasks which are assigned to machines. A significant challenge facing these systems is determining the most efficient allocation of tasks to workers to achieve successful completion of the tasks under real-time constraints. This paper presents REACT, a crowdsourcing system that seeks to address this challenge and proposes algorithms that aim to stimulate user participation and handle dynamic task assignment and execution in the crowdsourcing system. The goal is to determine the most appropriate workers to assign incoming tasks, in such a way so that the realtime demands are met and high quality results are returned. We empirically evaluate our approach and show that REACT meets the requested real-time demands, achieves good accuracy, is efficient, and improves the amount of successful tasks that meet their deadlines up to 61% compared to traditional approaches like AMT.
Increase of Activated Mast Cells in Human Endometriosis (2005)

These results suggest that an abnormal immune response, specifically a hypersensitivity reaction, is strongly related to endometriosis; our findings will be helpful in the development of methods for the treatment of endometriosis.
Myeloid-Derived Growth Factor Promotes Intestinal Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Production in Male Mice With Type 2 Diabetes (2020)

Myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF), which is produced by bone marrow-derived cells, mediates cardiac repair following myocardial infarction by inhibiting cardiac myocyte apoptosis to subsequently reduce the infarct size. However, the function of MYDGF in the incretin system of diabetes is still unknown. Here, loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments in mice revealed that MYDGF maintains glucose homeostasis by inducing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production and secretion and that it improves glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism. Treatment with recombinant MYDGF increased the secretion and production of GLP-1 in STC-1 cells in vitro. Mechanistically, the positive effects of MYDGF are potentially attributable to the activation of protein kinase A/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin (PKA/GSK-3β/β-catenin) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinases/extracellular regulated protein kinase (MEK/ERK) pathways. Based on these findings, MYDGF promotes the secretion and production of GLP-1 in intestinal L-cells and potentially represents a potential therapeutic medication target for type 2 diabetes.
Joint Effect of Non-invasive Central Systolic Blood Pressure and Peripheral Systolic Blood Pressure on Incident Hypertension in a Chinese Community-based Population (2018)

Central blood pressure level is not always consistent with peripheral blood pressure level, and especially their joint effect on incident hypertension is not well established. A total of 1607 non-hypertensive subjects from an atherosclerosis cohort in Beijing, China were included. Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) was obtained using Omron HEM-9000AI machine and peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) was measured using Omron HEM-7117 electronic sphygmomanometer, separately. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension or taking any antihypertension drugs at the follow-up survey. After a median follow-up of 2.3 years, incident hypertension was 13.1%. Every 1 standard deviation increase of cSBP and pSBP was associated with 1.98 (95%CI: 1.69-2.33) and 2.84 (95%CI: 2.30-3.52) times of incident hypertension after adjustment for confounders. Moreover, hypertension risk in single pSBP ≥ 120 mmHg group, single cSBP ≥ 120 mmHg group, and both pSBP and cSBP ≥ 120 mmHg group was 2.83 (95%CI: 0.98-8.16), 3.28 (95%CI: 1.24-8.70), and 11.47 (95%CI: 4.97-26.46) times higher than both pSBP and cSBP < 120 mmHg group, respectively. The joint effect of cSBP and pSBP is superior to either cSBP or pSBP to predict incident hypertension in a Chinese community-based population. Screening of central blood pressure should be considered in non-hypertensive population for the purpose of primary intervention, especially for subjects with pSBP ≥ 120 mmHg.
The effect of knee brace misalignment on the anterior cruciate ligament (2019)

The correct alignment of the brace was identified as a key factor decisively influencing the effectiveness of bracing.
Current concepts in serological testing – TTID (2011)

Introduction Blood components play a major part in a huge number of therapeutic interventions in oncology, haematology, surgery and other medicine disciplines. Therefore, the supply of safe blood products is a major ongoing challenge for blood transfusion services. Serology screening tests were developed to improve blood safety. As screening for antibodies reflects an immune reaction in response to infection, the diagnostic window period is longer for antibody tests than for direct screening assays, such as nucleic amplification tests (NAT). The introduction of mini‐pool NAT (MP‐NAT) and individual donation NAT (ID‐NAT) as well as the development of antigen screening assays, such as the hepatitis C virus antigen test (which detects the NS3 antigen) and the p24 antigen assay for HIV‐1, have been able to reduce the diagnostic window period. Methods Currently, blood donor screening for HBsAg, anti‐HBc, anti‐HCV, anti‐HIV‐1/2 and syphilis antibodies is mandated by the German authority (the Paul Ehrlich Institute). All blood donations must also be screened for HCV and HIV‐1 using MP‐NAT. The German Red Cross Blood Donor Services Baden‐Württemberg‐Hessen has implemented additional blood donor screening for anti‐CMV (for platelet products from repeat donors) and MP‐NAT screening for HBV, HAV and Parvovirus B19 on a voluntary basis. Results The epidemiology data within the last 4 years have found that 98% and 89% of hepatitis B and hepatitis C positive donors belonged to the first time donor population. Between 1997 and 2005, the German Red Cross Blood Donor Services detected hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV‐1 in 43, 23 and 7 donors, respectively, using NAT. About 50% (22 out of 43) of these HBV‐infected donors were in the acute phase of infection, while 21 were in the occult phase. Improvements in NAT technology, especially the introduction of full‐automated extraction robot systems (e.g. the Zelos × 100), have been able to reduce the diagnostic window period, especially for hepatitis B, by improving the 95% level of detection. Nevertheless, five cases of NAT failures in detecting HIV‐1 have been reported to the Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institute within the last decade. In 2010 in particular, three cases occurred in Germany due to mutations in the primer and probe binding regions. These cases restarted a discussion about risk analysis for NAT screening tests and serology methods in general. Conclusion In Germany, blood donor screening is performed using parallel serological assays (antigen and antibody detection) and by MP‐NAT for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV‐1. The risk of false‐negative test results due to mutations in primer and probe binding regions is higher for NAT systems than for antibody/antigen detection tests. Therefore, the manufactures of the NAT systems are advised to improve their systems by utilising amplification in at least two conserved regions (dual‐ or triple‐targeting). The diagnostic window period for new screening strategies (e.g., antigen screening for HCV)
Effect of Tantalum and MgO adhesion layers on plasmonic nanostructures (2019)

Plasmonic structures have a wide variety of sensing applications because of their high field localization effect that leads to high sensitivity at lower powers. Specifically, plasmonic nanohole arrays are attractive platforms for sensing because of their easy alignment and measurement. In terms of fabricating these sensors, usually an adhesion layer is needed to ensure firm contact between the plasmonic metal layer and the substrate. Most fabrication efforts rely on titanium or chromium based metallic adhesion layers. However, the presence of the adhesion layer may hinder the plasmonic resonance by broadening the resonance and reducing the plasmonic field enhancement. This leads to degradation of sensing capabilities. We investigate the effect of tantalum, chromium, and titanium adhesion layers on plasmonic sensors made of nanohole arrays. Using the bulk refractive index data for metallic adhesion layers, we show that tantalum has the potential to show less damping effect compared to commonly used chromium and titanium. However, it still causes significant damping because of its high absorption, which becomes even larger for tantalum thin film according to our ellipsometry measurement results. We also propose here to use MgO dielectric adhesion layers to avoid the damping effect. Our investigation on MgO adhesion layers shows strong adhesion properties without scarifying sensor performance. Moreover, we will present an alternate sensor geometry that is less prone to damping by the adhesion layer and that can enhance the plasmonic resonance even if there is a metallic adhesion layer.
Mycobacterium microti : More Widespread than Previously Thought (1998)

Mycobacterium microti typically causes disease in voles, wood mice, and shrews (6). Only rarely has this bacterium been isolated from other animals, among which are a llama, cats, pigs, a rock hyrax, and a ferret (2, 4, 5). Recently,M. microti isolates from different sources were characterized by using novel genetic markers (5), and this study for the first time disclosed four cases of M. microti infections in humans in The Netherlands. Here we describe the finding of additional M. microti infections in animals and a human in the United Kingdom (UK) that were identified by spoligotyping (3).
Accuracy assessment of the quiet-time ionospheric F2 peak parameters as derived from COSMIC-2 multi-GNSS radio occultation measurements (2021)

The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate 2 (COSMIC-2) mission was launched into a low-inclination (24°) orbit on June 25, 2019. Six satellites, each with an advanced Tri-GNSS Radio-Occultation Receiver System (TGRS), provide a global and uniform data coverage of the equatorial region with several thousand electron density profiles daily. The COSMIC-2 electron density profiles, and specifically the derived ionospheric F2 peak parameters, are properly validated in this study with reliable “truth” observations. For this purpose, we used manually scaled ionograms from 29 ground-based ionosondes located globally at low and middle latitudes. For this validation campaign, we considered only geomagnetically quiet conditions in order to establish benchmark level of the new mission’s ionospheric observation quality and to evaluate the operational capability of the COSMIC-2 Radio Occultation (RO) payload at the background of normal day-to-day variability of the ionosphere. For reliable colocations between two independent techniques, we selected only COSMIC-2 RO profiles whose F2 peak point coordinates were within 5° of the closest ionosonde. Our comparison of the ionospheric F2 peak height (hmF2) derived from COSMIC-2 RO and ground-based ionosonde measurements showed a very good agreement, with a mean of ~5 and ~2 km at low and middle latitudes, respectively, while RMS error was of ~23 and ~14 km, respectively. That range corresponds to a deviation of only 6–9% from the reference, ionosonde observations. Examination of representative collocation events with multiple (2–5) simultaneous RO tracks near the same ionosonde with different RO geometry, multi-satellite and multi-GNSS combination give us observational evidence that COSMIC-2 RO-based EDPs derived from GPS and GLONAS links show good self-consistency in terms of the ionospheric F2 peak values and electron density profile shape. We can conclude that COSMIC-2 provides high quality data for specification the ionospheric electron density at the F2 peak region.
One-step Template Extraction and Alumination of BEC-type Zeolite (2007)

Congrès du 12.08.2007 au 17.08.2007
[Fibrovascular polyp of the esophagus]. (1986)

A case of large intraluminal tumour located in the cervical portion of the oesophagus and removed by thoracotomy is presented. Detailed histological study was necessary, since hypervascularization and hypercellularity made it difficult to diagnose a fibrovascular polyp and to establish its histopathological prognosis. The patient has now been followed up for 7 years and remains cured. Intraluminal tumours are reviewed. Whether fibrovascular polyps should be removed surgically or endoscopically depends on their site and on their size.
N-Benzyl-1,3-dideoxy-1,3-imino-L-xylitol (2011)

The structure determination confirms the stereochemistry of the title compound, C(12)H(17)NO(3), which contains a four-membered azetidine ring system. The absolute configuration was determined by the use of d-glucose as the starting material. In the crystal, O-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into layers in the ab plane.
The optimization strategy of network structure based on epidemic spread considering characteristic spectrum and clustering coefficient (2017)

As a crucial part in the complex network research, how to control epidemic spread has drawn much of the attention. The existing research shows that the spectral radius of the network is reciprocal to the threshold of epidemic spread, and the network with large clustering coefficient has a great effect on virus transmission. Therefore, this paper proposes an edge rewriting strategy to optimize the network's structure which leads to the improvement of epidemic threshold and the clustering coefficient. This method utilizes the method of grouping continuous edge-breaking and reconnection, which can keep the average degree of the network unchanged, to decrease the spectrum radius and synchronously increase the clustering coefficient of network at the same time. The simulation results verify the conclusion above and show the great performance on suppressing the virus spreading in the real network.
Open Mass Spectrometry Search Algorithm (2004)

Large numbers of MS/MS peptide spectra generated in proteomics experiments require efficient, sensitive and specific algorithms for peptide identification. In the Open Mass Spectrometry Search Algorithm (OMSSA), specificity is calculated by a classic probability score using an explicit model for matching experimental spectra to sequences. At default thresholds, OMSSA matches more spectra from a standard protein cocktail than a comparable algorithm. OMSSA is designed to be faster than published algorithms in searching large MS/MS datasets.
RF28 | PSUN301 Sex Differences in the Indolepropionic Acid Alterations in Response to Obesity Surgery (2022)

Abstract Introduction Obesity surgeries improve type 2 diabetes (T2D) in most cases, with effects frequently evident before substantial weight reduction. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that the increase in indolepropionic acid (IPA), a gut-derived tryptophan metabolite considered to be a potential biomarker for the development of T2D, might contribute to the metabolic benefits occurring after obesity surgery. Since sex impacts the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including T2D, our objective was to investigate sex-specific effects on the changes in IPA in response to obesity surgery. Methods One-hundred and twenty-one obese individuals (36 males and 85 females; age 48.4 ± 9.4 years; BMI 42.9 ± 5.3kg/m2) participants from the ongoing Kuopio OBesity Surgery (KOBS) Study, who were accepted for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) were included. Serum samples drawn after 12h fasting were available from both baseline and 1-year follow-up visits for measuring IPA by LC-QQQ-MS. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was defined as a fasting glucose level ≥5.6nmol/L. Results Male and female participants had similar ages, BMI and IPA [93.2 (44.3–137.8) vs 67.0 (44.6–113.8) ng/dL, P=0.444, males and females respectively) at baseline. Weight loss after 1 year of RYGB was lower in males in comparison with females (19.8 vs 23.5%, P=0.014). A significant interaction between time and sex on IPA changes was found during the first year of RYGB (P=0.028). We observed an increase in IPA in females but not in males, especially in the youngest female group (median age &amp;lt;48.7 years). Fasting insulin interacted significantly with sex on the changes in IPA (P&amp;lt;0.001), but not fasting glucose (P=0.962). In addition, females had lower prevalence of IFG at 1-year (25 vs 57%, P=0.042, female and male participants respectively), which was associated with changes in IPA independently of weight loss. Conclusion Our results suggest that changes in IPA concentrations may be associated with beneficial changes in glucose metabolism observed after obesity surgery in females. A comprehensive understanding of the sex-specific effects of the IPA could contribute to future non-surgical treatments for T2D. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 1:12 p.m. - 1:17 p.m.