gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GA-parameter optimisation of evolving connectionist systems for classification and a case study from bioinformatics (2004)

The paper describes an algorithm for parameter optimisation of evolving connectionist systems (ECOS) in an offline processing mode. The algorithm is illustrated on a case study of a classification system that uses gene expression data to predict an outcome of a treatment of cancer disease.
Sustainable use of Hermetia illucens insect biomass for feed and food: Attributional and consequential life cycle assessment (2019)

The lack of protein sources in several parts of the world is triggering the search for locally produced and sustainable alternatives. Insect production is recognized as a potential solution. This study is a life cycle assessment (LCA) of food industry side streams transformation via Hermetia illucens into intermediate products applicable for feed and food purposes. It relies on attributional modelling for the estimation of the most impacting stages of insect production and on consequential modelling for the estimation of potential benefits or risks for the agri-food system. The consequential LCA included effects on the market, associated with upstream increase in feed (increase in commercial feed production) or downstream availability of insect product (substitution of fertilizer, protein concentrate for feed or chicken meat). Attributional and consequential LCAs are followed by sensitivity analyses, which identify the most promising directions towards sustainable insect production and estimate the magnitude of impact reductions if those directions are pursued by the industry. Analyses of the existing pilot process largely correspond with other findings in the literature, indicating fresh insect biomass is almost twice more sustainable than fresh chicken meat. Produced at pilot scale, protein concentrate (insect meal) while being competitive against animal-derived (whey, egg protein, fishmeal) and microalgae, has higher environmental impacts than plant-based meals. Further scenarios illustrate strategies for more sustainable use of environmental resources providing guidance for producers and funding agencies to direct the industry to an impact profile that is lower, than many existing protein sources
Multilayer magnetic waveguides: Optimizing nonreciprocal propagation in the 50–70 GHz range (2014)

Waves in magnetic systems often show nonreciprocal propagation, where the properties of a wave depends on whether it is travelling in a forward or reversed direction. This fundamental property is used in devices such as isolators, which often use a transverse electric (TE) polarized wave. In this paper, we study propagation of electromagnetic waves in small microstrip waveguides where the wave propagates at an arbitrary angle with respect to the magnetization direction. The angle allows mixtures of TE and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. This has distinct benefits, allowing the nonreciprocity typically found in TE modes, but also allowing propagation of low frequency TM modes, which do not have a cut-off frequency. Our calculations, using Barium hexaferrite as the magnetic material, show significant nonreciprocity and isolation are possible. Differences in attenuation above 75 dB/cm are found for these mixed-polarization waves for propagation angles of about 40°. We study nonreciprocal propagation as a function of propagation angle and other material parameters for both primarily TM and primarily TE modes.
Selection, Enrichment, and Maintenance of Self-Renewal Liver Stem/Progenitor Cells Utilizing Polypeptide Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films (2010)

Recent progress has led to the identification of liver stem/progenitor cells as suitable sources for generating transplantable liver cells. However, the great variability in methods utilized to isolate liver stem/progenitor cells is a considerable challenge for clinical applications. The polyelectrolyte-multilayer technique can constitute a useful method for selective cell adhesion. Whether enrichment of liver stem/progenitor cells can be achieved utilizing polypeptide polyelectrolyte-multilayer films was investigated in current work. Fetal liver cells isolated from E13.5 mouse embryos were seeded on the poly-l-glutamic acid/poly-l-lysine alternating films, and we revealed that fetal liver stem/progenitor cells were selected and formed colonies. These undifferentiated colonies were maintained on the films composed of four alternating layers, with the topmost poly-l-glutamic acid layer judged by the constitutive expression of stem-cell markers such as Dlk-1, CD49f, and CD133 and self-renew marker-beta-catenin. Our work has demonstrated that highly tunable polyelectrolyte-multilayer films were suitable for selective enrichment of liver stem/progenitor cells in vitro.
Self‐Assembly of CoPt Magnetic Nanoparticle Arrays and its Underlying Forces (2018)

Nanoparticles covered with surfactants are often used to study particle motion patterns and self-assembly processes in solutions. Surfactants have influence on the interparticle interactions and therefore on the particle motion tracks and final patterns. In this study, CoPt nanoparticles are synthesized in aqueous solution without any surfactant. In situ transmission electron microscopy observation is performed to monitor the self-assemble process. Two types of magnetic nanoparticle superlattice arrays are formed: hexagonal equal distance superlattice arrays when particle size is 3 nm, and tight unequal distance superlattice arrays when particle size is 4.5 nm. It is interesting to observe that two small arrays merge into a large one through rotational and translational movements. A Monte Carlo simulation is carried out which successfully restores the whole process. It is identified that the underlying forces are van der Waals and magnetic dipolar interactions. The latter is responsible for orientation of each particle during the whole process. This investigation leads to a better understanding of the formation mechanism of magnetic nanoparticle superlattice arrays.
A Dna-Based Nanobiosensor For The Rapid Detection Of The Dengue Virus In Mosquito (2015)

This paper describes the development of a DNA-based nanobiosensor to detect the dengue virus in mosquito using electrically active magnetic (EAM) nanoparticles as concentrator and electrochemical transducer. The biosensor detection encompasses two sets of oligonucleotide probes that are specific to the dengue virus: the detector probe labeled with the EAM nanoparticles and the biotinylated capture probe. The DNA targets are double hybridized to the detector and the capture probes and concentrated from nonspecific DNA fragments by applying a magnetic field. Subsequently, the DNA sandwiched targets (EAM-detector probe– DNA target–capture probe-biotin) are captured on streptavidin modified screen printed carbon electrodes through the biotinylated capture probes. Detection is achieved electrochemically by measuring the oxidation–reduction signal of the EAM nanoparticles. Results indicate that the biosensor is able to detect the redox signal of the EAM nanoparticles at dengue DNA concentrations as low as 10 ng/μl.
New MOV Failure Mode Identification Invention (2007)

This patent pending technology relates, generally, to surge protection devices. More particularly, it relates to a surge protection device that relies on the capacitive properties of the metal oxide varistor (MOV) as a part of an impedance network for failure identification. Unlike other designs that rely on thermal fusing to identify MOV operability, in this design the MOV is used as part of a capacitive network that would operate at a frequency other than 60 Hz. During normal operation (no failure), every capacitive impedance, including the MOV, will exhibit a voltage drop across them. On the other hand when the MOV fails as an open circuit then the current in this network will be zero and as a result zero voltage drops will be across the capacitive impedances. The reason only open circuit failure will be detected is because MOVs initially fail as a short circuit but eventually they fail as open circuit, due to continuous conduction .
High‐Concentration Solvent Exfoliation of Graphene (2010)

A method is demonstrated to prepare graphene dispersions at high concentrations, up to 1.2 mg mL(-1), with yields of up to 4 wt% monolayers. This process relies on low-power sonication for long times, up to 460 h. Transmission electron microscopy shows the sonication to reduce the flake size, with flake dimensions scaling as t(-1/2). However, the mean flake length remains above 1 microm for all sonication times studied. Raman spectroscopy shows defects are introduced by the sonication process. However, detailed analysis suggests that predominantly edge, rather than basal-plane, defects are introduced. These dispersions are used to prepare high-quality free-standing graphene films. The dispersions can be heavily diluted by water without sedimentation or aggregation. This method facilitates graphene processing for a range of applications.
The 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone Suppresses Sarcopenia by Regulating Protein Turnover and Mitochondria Biogenesis-Related Pathways (2020)

Sarcopenia is a muscle disease featured by the loss of muscle mass and dysfunction with advancing age. The 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (DMF), a major flavone found in Kaempferia parviflora<i>,</i> has biological activities, including anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammation. However, its anti-sarcopenic effect remains to be elucidated. This current study investigated the inhibitory activity of DMF on sarcopenia. Eighteen-month-old mice were orally administered DMF at the dose of 25 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>·day<sup>-1</sup> or 50 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>·day<sup>-1</sup> for 8 weeks. DMF not only stimulated grip strength and exercise endurance but also increased muscle mass and volume. Besides, DMF stimulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway, consequently activating the mammalian target of rapamycin-eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1-70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase pathway for protein synthesis. DMF reduced the mRNA expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase- and autophagy-lysosomal-related genes involved in proteolysis via the phosphorylation of Forkhead box O3. DMF upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha, nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A along with the increase of relative mitochondrial DNA content. DMF alleviated inflammatory responses by reducing the tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 serum and mRNA levels. Collectively, DMF can be used as a natural agent to inhibit sarcopenia via improving protein turnover and mitochondria function.
AES Galois Counter Mode (GCM) Cipher Suites for TLS (2008)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol.Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Geolocation in NLOS Multipath Fading Environments (2006)

Geolocation aware services are becoming attractive with the deployment of next generation wireless networks and broadband multimedia wireless networks (i.e. ubiquitous and pervasive computing) especially in indoor and campus areas. In order to construct an ad-hoc network the upcoming ultra-wideband (UWB) radio technology holds great promise for revolutionizing wireless communications especially in indoor environments (office, residential, industrial). The two proposals considered in this paper are: a multi band OFDM approach, based on the transmission of non-impulse OFDM signals combined with frequency hopping (FH), and the direct-sequence (DS) UWB approach, based on impulse radio transmission of UWB DS-coded pulses. In this paper, the problem of ranging error estimation in obstructed line-of-sight (OLOS) multipath channels is investigated. A time-of-arrival (ToA) based ranging scheme using UWB radio link is proposed. Results show that the accuracy enhancement depends on two principal factors: the strength of multipath components and the variance of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) delays, which it shows that DS-UWB is best suited for ranging, due to its larger bandwidth and its higher frequencies of operation.
Silver Nanoparticle/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite as Catalyst for Hydrogen Production (2017)

In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite (AgMWCNT) was synthesized, characterized, and applied to the hydrolysis reaction of aqueous sodium borohydride. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the composite contained two variations of the silver nanoparticles, one being 20 nm nanoparticles, the other being microscale agglomerations of the silver nanoparticles. The composite material performed impressively as a catalyst of the NaBH4 hydrolysis reaction producing hydrogen at a rate of 17.4 mL min−1g−1 at a pH of 7, temperature of 303 K, with 835 μmol of reactant. The activation energy of the reaction as catalyzed by the heterogeneous Ag/MWCNT composite was determined to be 44.45 kJ/mol, which is competitive among reported catalysts to date.
The Paradox of Commercial Photography: Power and Sexuality in Models (2014)

Commercial photography has a tendency to force upon us a standard template of what the ideal person is or looks like. Unfortunately, the artificial standard is horribly unachievable and detrimental to physical and mental health, which produces sentiments of insufficiency and abjection with the self, especially among young impressionable girls. In a sick - and very modern - twist of evolutionary progress we find ourselves idealizing the depictions of models appearing to be on the verge of starvation. This article examines the power and sexuality in models produced through commercial photography and its effects on society at-large.
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus Integration Sites in the Human Genome: Features in Common with Those of Murine Leukemia Virus (2006)

Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) are a major concern when porcine tissues and organs are used for xenotransplantation. PERV has been shown to infect human cells in vitro, highlighting a potential zoonotic risk. No pathology is associated with PERV in its natural host, but the pathogenic potential might differ in the case of cross-species transmission and can only be inferred from knowledge of related gammaretroviruses. We therefore investigated the integration features of the PERV DNA in the human genome in vitro in order to further characterize the risk associated with PERV transmission. In this study, we characterized 189 PERV integration site sequences from human HEK-293 cells. Data showed that PERV integration was strongly enhanced at transcriptional start sites and CpG islands and that the frequencies of integration events increased with the expression levels of the genes, except for the genes with the highest levels of expression, which were disfavored for integration. Finally, we extracted genomic sequences directly flanking the integration sites and found an original 8-base statistical palindromic consensus sequence [TG(int)GTACCAGC]. All these results show similarities between PERV and murine leukemia virus integration site selection, suggesting that gammaretroviruses have a common pattern of integration and that the mechanisms of target site selection within a retrovirus genus might be similar.
Growth Hormone (GH) and GH-Releasing Peptide-6 Increase Brain Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Expression and Activate Intracellular Signaling Pathways Involved in Neuroprotection (2002)

Beneficial effects of GH on memory, mental alertness, and motivation have been documented. Many actions of GH are mediated through IGF-I; hence, we investigated whether systemic administration of GH or GH-releasing peptide (GHRP)-6 modulates the brain IGF system. Treatment of adult male rats with GHRP-6 or GH for 1 wk significantly increased IGF-I mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, cerebellum, and hippocampus, with no effect in cerebral cortex. Expression of the IGF receptor and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2 were not affected. Phosphorylation of Akt and Bad was stimulated in areas where IGF-I was increased, with no change in MAPK or glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. This suggests that GH and GHRP-6 activate phosphatidylinositol kinase intracellular pathways involved in cell survival in response to growth factors. Indeed, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was augmented in these same areas, with no change in the proapoptotic protein Bax. IGFBP-5, also reported to be involved in neuron survival processes, was increased mainly in the hypothalamus, suggesting a possible neuroendocrine role. In conclusion, GH and GHRP-6 modulate IGF-I expression in the central nervous system in an anatomically specific manner. This is coincident with activation of intracellular signaling pathways used by IGF-I and increased expression of proteins involved in cell survival or neuroprotection.
PEP-sNASP Peptide Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Through the TLR4/TRAF6 Axis (2022)

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe inflammatory lung disease associated with macrophages. Somatic nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (sNASP) is a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling that targets tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in macrophages, which is required to maintain homeostasis of the innate immune response. In the present study, we generated a cell permeable PEP-sNASP peptide using the sNASP protein N-terminal domain, and examined its potential therapeutic effect in a mouse model of ALI induced by the intranasal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms in RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo , PEP-sNASP peptide treatment markedly ameliorated pathological injury, reduced the wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of the lungs and the production of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). In vitro , we demonstrated that when the PEP-sNASP peptide was transduced into RAW 264.7 cells, it bound to TRAF6, which markedly decreased LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting TRAF6 autoubiquitination, nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular nitric oxide (NO) levels. Furthermore, the PEP-sNASP peptide also inhibited NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Our results therefore suggest that the PEP-sNASP may provide a potential protein therapy against oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation via selective TRAF6 signaling.
A secant location estimation scheme in error-prone channel condition for wireless sensor networks (2013)

Location-based service is one of important application for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Most location information mainly depends on the Receiver Signal Strength (RSS) to estimate the distance between the reference node and the location unknown node. However, the multipath fading and co-channel interference in 2.4GHz ISM-band will affect the accuracy of the position estimation in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the effect of distance error in error-prone channel condition has been investigated. A secant Location Estimation Scheme (SLES) is proposed to improve the accuracy of the position estimation in error-prone channel condition. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm is accurate and effective.
Fast inversion in composite Galois fields GF((2/sup n/)/sup m/) (2002)

We describe an improvement of Itoh and Tsujii's algorithm for inversion over Galois fields GF((2/sup n/)/sup m/). In particular, raising an element to the 2/sup ln/ power, l an integer, in polynomial basis representation can be done with a binary, fixed matrix. Finally, we show that the inversion complexity is essentially given by the number of multiplications.
Stereoselective Transformation of Indole Diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonedione to Azepinoindole (2002)

[reaction: see text] The synthesis of an indole diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonedione derivative was achieved in a few steps starting from L-tryptophan. Reduction with borane-THF complex leads to fragmentation of the bicycle and the stereoselective formation of an azepinoindole derivative was observed.
Micro‐Optics for Photolithography (2016)

Abstract Photolithography is the engine that empowered semiconductor industry to reduce the minimum feature size of the components of a microchip from some 50 microns in the 1960s to below 14 nanometers today. Diffractive and refractive micro‐optical components play a decisive role in modern photolithography systems, e.g. for laser line width narrowing, laser beam shaping (customized illumination), as phaseshift masks, for optical proximity correction, and for diffraction‐based overlay. Wafer‐based manufacturing of high‐quality micro‐optics and their importance for photolithography will be explained.
Flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors using oriented aluminum nitride thin films prepared on polyethylene terephthalate films (2006)

We have investigated the high sensitive piezoelectric response of c-axis oriented aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films prepared on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The AlN films were deposited using a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method at temperatures close to room temperature. The c axes of the AlN films were perpendicularly oriented to the PET film surfaces. The sensor consisting of the AlN and PET films is flexible like PET films and the electrical charge is linearly proportional to the stress within a wide range from 0to8.5MPa. The sensor can respond to the frequencies from 0.3 to over 100Hz and measures a clear human pulse wave form by holding the sensor between thumb and middle finger. The resolution of the pulse wave form is comparable to a sphygmomanometer at stress levels of 10kPa. We think that the origin of the high performance of the sensor is the deflection effect, the thin thickness and high elastic modulus of the AlN layer, and the thin thickness and low elastic modulus of the PET film.
Ischemic Preconditioning and Left Ventricular Dysfunction: A Novel Mechanism & Model for Pulseless Electrical Activity (2018)

Abstract Background Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is a very common rhythm in cardiac arrest and survival is ≈ 5%. Population data suggest coronary ischemia significantly contributes to PEA, but the mechanism is unknown. Objectives We hypothesize ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in the setting of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction can convert ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) into ischemia-induced PEA. Methods Using percutaneous coronary interventions in anesthetized swine, we studied the effect of IPC prior to ischemia on arrhythmic burden in normal animals and in animals with LV dysfunction. IPC protocol: four cycles of three minutes of coronary occlusion followed by seven minutes of reperfusion. Chronic LV dysfunction protocol: two serial infarcts in two coronary territories, separated by one week of recovery. Results In normal animals, IPC prior to ischemia significantly reduced VF incidence (2/8 IPC vs. 7/8 control). In IPC animals with VF, the time to VF was significantly delayed (37.2 ± 7.3 min vs. 20.7 ± 4.9 min, p&lt;0.005). In chronic LV dysfunction animals (EF 15% ± 5%), ischemia caused PEA in all animals (18/18). In non-preconditioned animals, VF followed PEA in all cases (12/12). In preconditioned animals, PEA sustained without VF in 2/6 animals. In 4/6 animals, PEA was prolonged and time to VF was significantly delayed compared to non-preconditioned animals (33.7 ± 7.8 min vs. 12.2 ± 5.0 min, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion IPC delays/prevents VF. IPC with LV dysfunction prior to ischemia produces prolonged PEA. IPC with LV dysfunction prior to ischemia is likely an important mechanism for human PEA arrest. This is the first animal model of ischemic pulseless electrical activity.