gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Convolutional Neural Network for Multi-Category Rapid Serial Visual Presentation BCI (2015)

Brain computer interfaces rely on machine learning (ML) algorithms to decode the brain's electrical activity into decisions. For example, in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) tasks, the subject is presented with a continuous stream of images containing rare target images among standard images, while the algorithm has to detect brain activity associated with target images. Here, we continue our previous work, presenting a deep neural network model for the use of single trial EEG classification in RSVP tasks. Deep neural networks have shown state of the art performance in computer vision and speech recognition and thus have great promise for other learning tasks, like classification of EEG samples. In our model, we introduce a novel spatio-temporal regularization for EEG data to reduce overfitting. We show improved classification performance compared to our earlier work on a five categories RSVP experiment. In addition, we compare performance on data from different sessions and validate the model on a public benchmark data set of a P300 speller task. Finally, we discuss the advantages of using neural network models compared to manually designing feature extraction algorithms.
Deformation Response of Mg‐Y Alloys under Dynamic Loading (2015)

This chapter contains sections titled: Extended Abstract
Guide to High-Speed Broadband Investment (2014)

This document can be cited as: European Commission, Guide to High-Speed Broadband Investment, Release 1.1 – 22 October 2014
Comparison of Observed Data and GDEM (Generalized Digital Environmental Model)/Standard Ocean Data. Part 2. Monthly Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Plots and Temperature/Salinity Vertical Cross-Sections Along Great Circle Tracks in the Mediterranean Sea (1983)

Abstract : This report compares the results of the Generalized Digital Environmental Model, (GDEM), developed by Dr. T. Davis of the Naval Oceanographic Office (NOO), with measured and analyzed data from the Mediterranean Sea. Monthly Sea Surface temperature (SST) analyses are compared and evaluated. Vertical cross sections along Great Circle tracks of temperature and salinity are compared and evaluated. Comparisons and evaluations of monthly SST and vertical cross-sections along Great Circle tracks are compared for the major basins of the Mediterranean.
An architecture design of a VSAT satellite network for multimedia on demand services (2002)

A promising candidate for the provision of a flexible WAN for a multimedia on-demand (MMOD) system is the use of satellite links. Advances in technology have given a new thrust to the satellite communication industry by deploying low cost very small aperture terminal (VSAT) networks for data, voice, and video communication. In this paper, we propose an architecture design of a VSAT network for multimedia on demand services. Two types of architecture are represented namely: the centralized multimedia on demand network system and the distributed system. The components of these two systems and the function of each component are investigated. A protocol for the multimedia on demand network system is also presented in this paper. The protocol defines the procedure for exchange of data between the VSATs and the MMOD server. In addition, the most common user activities and the effect of these activities are discussed. Finally, selected results of the network performance for a number of dependent VSAT network elements, obtained through analytic queuing and simulation models are presented. The paper concludes that by using a VSAT network for MMOD services, it is feasible to build low cost, easy to install and expandable MMOD systems.
Online Friend Recommendation through Personality Matching and Collaborative Filtering (2011)

Most social network websites rely on people's proximity on the social graph for friend recommendation. In this paper, we present MatchMaker, a collaborative filtering friend recommendation system based on personality matching. The goal of MatchMaker is to leverage the social information and mutual understanding among people in existing social network connections, and produce friend recommendations based on rich contextual data from people's physical world interactions. MatchMaker allows users' network to match them with similar TV characters, and uses relationships in the TV programs as parallel comparison matrix to suggest to the users friends that have been voted to suit their personality the best. The system's ranking schema allows progressive improvement on the personality matching consensus and more diverse branching of users' social network connections. Lastly, our user study shows that the application can also induce more TV content consumption by driving users' curiosity in the ranking process.
Refractive Power and Biometric Properties of the Nonhuman Primate Isolated Crystalline Lens (2010)

Purpose. To characterize the age dependence of shape, refractive power, and refractive index of isolated lenses from nonhuman primates. Methods. Measurements were performed on ex vivo lenses from cynomolgus monkeys (cyno: n = 120; age, 2.7-14.3 years), rhesus monkeys (n = 61; age, 0.7-13.3 years), and hamadryas baboons (baboon: n = 16; age, 1.7-27.3 years). Lens thickness, diameter, and surface curvatures were measured with an optical comparator. Lens refractive power was measured with a custom optical system based on the Scheiner principle. The refractive contributions of the gradient, the surfaces, and the equivalent refractive index were calculated with optical ray-tracing software. The age dependence of the optical and biometric parameters was assessed. Results. Over the measured age range isolated lens thickness decreased (baboon: -0.04, cyno: -0.05, and rhesus: -0.06 mm/y) and equatorial diameter increased (logarithmically for the baboon and rhesus, and linearly for cyno: 0.07 mm/y). The isolated lens surfaces flattened and the corresponding refractive power from the surfaces decreased with age (-0.33, -0.48, and -0.68 D/y). The isolated lens equivalent refractive index decreased (only significant for the baboon, -0.001 D/y), and as a result the total isolated lens refractive power decreased with age (baboon: -1.26, cyno: -0.97, and rhesus: -1.76 D/y). Conclusions. The age-dependent trends in the optical and biometric properties, growth, and aging, of nonhuman primate lenses are similar to those of the pre-presbyopic human lens. As the lens ages, the decrease in refractive contributions from the gradient refractive index causes a rapid age-dependent decrease in maximally accommodated lens refractive power.
A Heme Oxygenase Product, Presumably Carbon Monoxide, Mediates a Vasodepressor Function in Rats (1995)

Abstract Heme oxygenase is a mammalian enzyme that converts heme to biliverdin and carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide activates soluble guanylate cyclase and relaxes vascular smooth muscle, and it has been implicated as a potential neuromessenger. The regulatory functions of endogenous carbon monoxide on hemodynamics are not known. Zinc deuteroporphyrin 2,4-bis glycol (ZnDPBG) inhibits heme oxygenase in rats and thus permits assessment of the hemodynamic response to inhibition of endogenous carbon monoxide synthesis. In chronically instrumented, awake male Sprague-Dawley rats, ZnDPBG (45 μmol/kg IP) increased mean arterial pressure (19±2%, P &lt;.05) and total peripheral resistance (47±4%, P &lt;.05), decreased cardiac output (−16±2%, P &lt;.05), but did not affect heart rate. Another heme oxygenase inhibitor, zinc protoporphyrin IX (45 μmol/kg IP), also increased arterial pressure (17±5%, P &lt;.05), with no effect on heart rate. In contrast, neither the nonmetallic deuteroporphyrin 2,4-bis glycol (45 μmol/kg IP) nor biliverdin (45 μmol/kg IP) had any effect on blood pressure or heart rate. These findings suggest that ZnDPBG and zinc protoporphyrin IX increase arterial pressure by inhibiting heme oxygenase activity. After pretreatment with chlorisondamine (5 mg/kg IP) or prazosin (5 mg/kg IP) to inhibit autonomic ganglionic or α 1 -adrenoceptor functions, respectively, ZnDPBG did not affect arterial pressure or heart rate. This suggests that ZnDPBG-induced increases in blood pressure rely on autonomic nervous function. We conclude that the pressor response to heme oxygenase inhibitors results from withdrawal of the inhibitory influence of endogenous carbon monoxide on a pressor mechanism mediated by the autonomic nervous system.
Numerical Simulation of Flash Floods Routing Based on Improved Leap-Frog Method (2013)

in the 2-d numerical simulation of flash flood disaster, due to flood often occurred in the steep terrain and water flow rapidly changed, lead to that the calculated value is unstable and even the calculation diverge in the simulation. This paper presents a grid outflow correction method, which is based on the leap-frog finite difference format, through modifying the outflow rate of the grid circularly, to ensure the mass conservation in the whole process of computing. In the local dam bursting model, the simulated result comparison of the grid outflow correction method and the algorithm of implicit alternating direction on the mass conservation shows that, the new method can ensure the simulation accuracy and the numerical stability under the condition of steep terrain and moving boundary. According to the proposed method, the simulation analysis in the process of extreme flash flood disasters which happened in 2010 Zhouqu county in Gansu province was carried out. The comparison of simulation results and remote sensing estimation results shows that the deviation of the flood evolution time, speed and impact height are within 5%, and the consistency of evolution path is good, which verifies the validity of the algorithm.
Spatial distribution of vaginal closure pressures of continent and stress urinary incontinent women (2007)

Clinically the strength of the contraction of the female pelvic floor is qualitatively evaluated by vaginal tactile palpation. We therefore developed a probe to enable the quantitative evaluation of the closure pressures along the vagina. Four force sensors mounted on the four orthogonal directions of an intra-vaginal probe were used to measure the vaginal pressure profile (VPP) along the vaginal wall. Clinical experiments on 23 controls and 10 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) were performed using the probe to test the hypothesis that the strength of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contractions, imposed by voluntary contraction, is related to urinary continence. The results show that VPPs, characterized in terms of pressure distribution on the anterior and posterior vaginal walls, are significantly greater than those in the left and right vaginal walls. When the PFM contracted, the positions of the maximum posterior pressures in continent females and SUI patients were 0.63+/-0.15 cm and 1.19+/-0.2 cm proximal from their peak points of anterior pressure, which are 1.52+/-0.09 cm and 1.69+/-0.13 cm proximal from the introitus of vagina, respectively. The statistical analysis shows that the maximum posterior vaginal pressures of the controls were significantly greater than those of the SUI patients both at rest (continent: 3.4+/-0.3 N cm(-2), SUI: 2.01+/-0.36 N cm(-2), p<0.05) and during PFM contraction (continent: 4.18+/-0.26 N cm(-2), SUI: 2.25+/-0.41 N cm(-2), p<0.01). In addition, the difference between the posterior and anterior vaginal walls is significantly increased when the controls contract the PFM. By contrast, there are no significant differences in the SUI group. The results show that the VPP measured by the prototype probe can be used to quantitatively evaluate the strength of the PFM, which is a clinical index for the diagnosis or assessment of female SUI.
SoxB1-driven transcriptional network underlies neural-specific interpretation of morphogen signals (2013)

The reiterative deployment of a small cadre of morphogen signals underlies patterning and growth of most tissues during embyogenesis, but how such inductive events result in tissue-specific responses remains poorly understood. By characterizing cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) associated with genes regulated by Sonic hedgehog (Shh), retinoids, or bone morphogenetic proteins in the CNS, we provide evidence that the neural-specific interpretation of morphogen signaling reflects a direct integration of these pathways with SoxB1 proteins at the CRM level. Moreover, expression of SoxB1 proteins in the limb bud confers on mesodermal cells the potential to activate neural-specific target genes upon Shh, retinoid, or bone morphogenetic protein signaling, and the collocation of binding sites for SoxB1 and morphogen-mediatory transcription factors in CRMs faithfully predicts neural-specific gene activity. Thus, an unexpectedly simple transcriptional paradigm appears to conceptually explain the neural-specific interpretation of pleiotropic signaling during vertebrate development. Importantly, genes induced in a SoxB1-dependent manner appear to constitute repressive gene regulatory networks that are directly interlinked at the CRM level to constrain the regional expression of patterning genes. Accordingly, not only does the topology of SoxB1-driven gene regulatory networks provide a tissue-specific mode of gene activation, but it also determines the spatial expression pattern of target genes within the developing neural tube.
Recommending expertise in an organizational setting (1999)

This work explores how information systems can be augmented to assist users in finding other individuals who are likely to have specialized, expert information that they need. This paper describes a field study that considers the social and cognitive mechanisms that people use to find candidate sources of expertise. These mechanisms are the basis for a recommender system that can help users find expertise.
A Preliminary Study of Injectable Collagen in Human Vocal Fold Augmentation (1986)

Soluble bovine collagen was injected for vocal fold augmentation in 27 patients with glottic insufficiency. Preliminary observations show that glottic closure was enhanced in all patients with no serious complications. Subjective and objective measures of vocal efficiency indicated improvement with reduction in airflow, improved glottic closure, and increased vocal intensity. Recent studies that reveal distant migration of injected Teflon suggest the need for the development of a safe biologic material for soft tissue augmentation. Collagen appears to satisfy criteria as an ideal bioimplant, tends to soften scar tissue, and is structurally similar to natural collagen in the human vocal fold. Further longitudinal studies and the development of potentially more stable cross-linked collagen preparations seem indicated.
Development of polymer-bound fast-dissolving metformin buccal film with disintegrants (2015)

Fast-dissolving drug-delivery systems are considered advantageous over the existing conventional oral dosage forms like tablets, capsules, and syrups for being patient friendly. Buccal films are one such system responsible for systemic drug delivery at the desired site of action by avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism. Metformin hydrochloride (Met), an antidiabetic drug, has poor bioavailability due to its high solubility and low permeability. The purpose of the study reported here was to develop a polymer-bound fast-dissolving buccal film of metformin to exploit these unique properties. In the study, metformin fast-dissolving films were prepared by the solvent-casting method using chitosan, a bioadhesive polymer. Further, starch, sodium starch glycolate, and microcrystalline cellulose were the disintegrants added to different ratios, forming various formulations (F1 to F7). The buccal films were evaluated for various parameters like weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, surface pH, content uniformity, tensile strength, and percentage of elongation. The films were also subjected to in vitro dissolution study, and the disintegration time was found to be less than 30 minutes for all formulations, which was attributed to the effect of disintegrants. Formulation F6 showed 92.2% drug release within 6 minutes due to the combined effect of sodium starch glycolate and microcrystalline cellulose.
Evaluating Cross-chain Settlement and Exchange in Cryptocurrency (2019)

While Bitcoin is beginning to cement it's core protocol and principles, the related technologies around it, such as atomic swaps and lightning network could still be considered to be in an infant state when it comes to understanding and development. In this thesis you will find atomic swaps being evaluated in depth, both off-chain and on-chain together with reasoned and somewhat wel ldefined standards and protocols on how atomic swaps should be performed in the future.
Real time 3D structural and Doppler OCT imaging on graphics processing units (2013)

In this report the application of graphics processing unit (GPU) programming for real-time 3D Fourier domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FdOCT) imaging with implementation of Doppler algorithms for visualization of the flows in capillary vessels is presented. Generally, the time of the data processing of the FdOCT data on the main processor of the computer (CPU) constitute a main limitation for real-time imaging. Employing additional algorithms, such as Doppler OCT analysis, makes this processing even more time consuming. Lately developed GPUs, which offers a very high computational power, give a solution to this problem. Taking advantages of them for massively parallel data processing, allow for real-time imaging in FdOCT. The presented software for structural and Doppler OCT allow for the whole processing with visualization of 2D data consisting of 2000 A-scans generated from 2048 pixels spectra with frame rate about 120 fps. The 3D imaging in the same mode of the volume data build of 220 × 100 A-scans is performed at a rate of about 8 frames per second. In this paper a software architecture, organization of the threads and optimization applied is shown. For illustration the screen shots recorded during real time imaging of the phantom (homogeneous water solution of Intralipid in glass capillary) and the human eye <i>in-vivo</i> is presented.
Sin stocks and ESG scores: Does the nature of your business really matter? (2021)

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of sin stocks held by companies that operate in sectors with ethical implications (gaming, defence, adult entertainment, etc.). For this purpose, the model of choice was a panel based on the stocks of the global S&P 1200 index for the period between 2014 and 2018, for which the accounting data was available at the time of the study. The panel model accounted for different control variables and non-sin ESG performance. Having analysed its results, we have found that the ESG performance of sin stocks is positively correlated to future ESG performance, which was a surprise given that most of the analysed companies operate in sectors that are deemed as socially and ethically controversial. One hypothesized explanation for this is the phenomenon of "social cleaning", when a company engages in ESG activities with the sole purpose of reducing reputational risk while trying to attract a wider base of socially aware investors. Therefore, we conclude that in order to avoid the risk of "social cleaning" ESG rating companies should give more weight to environmental and social factors rather than governance ones, especially in the case of sin stocks.
Introduction to the Special Issue on PPoPP’14 (2016)

No abstract available.
Using visualization to maintain large computer systems (1997)

The Year 2000 software conversion effort dramatically illustrates how time consuming and costly maintaining large computer systems can become, especially when each system consists of millions of lines of source code. Understanding how a system's components interact is a key factor in implementing portfolio-wide changes, adding new features, and providing ongoing system maintenance. Any help that software developers can get in making existing software systems easier to understand improves developer productivity, enhances software quality, and reduces development cycles, all leading to faster time to market. The paper discusses the Visual Insights code viewer, a visualization application developed specifically to address the problem of working with large amounts of source code. Used within the Lucent Technologies 5ESS Switch development environment, the code viewer has resulted in increased software developer productivity. In addition, a systems integrator currently uses this tool to help understand and correct the Year 2000 date references in customer software.
Dissolved Metal Species Mechanism for Initiation of Crevice Corrosion of Aluminum: I . Experimental Investigations in Chloride Solutions (1983)

Experiments on initiation of crevice corrosion were carried out on Al specimens in dilute aqueous solutions at ambient temperature. Transient current distributions within crevices were measured by a sectioned electrode technique, and microsampling was used to monitor dissolved aluminum, pH, and [Cl−] composition changes within the crevice prior to breakdown. Auxiliary (noncrevice) experiments were carried out in solutions having various pH, [Cl−], and dissolved aluminum concentration. Initiation was found to occur upon exceeding a minimum concentration of dissolved aluminum inside the crevice. Mechanisms for initiation based on acidification within the crevice were excluded.
Data from A Bis-Indole–Derived NR4A1 Antagonist Induces PD-L1 Degradation and Enhances Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;PD-L1 is expressed in tumor cells and its interaction with PD-1 plays an important role in evading immune surveillance; this can be overcome using PD-L1 or PD-1 immunotherapy antibodies. This study reports a novel approach for targeting PD-L1. In human breast cancer cell lines and 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cells, PD-L1 expression was regulated by the nuclear receptor NR4A1/Sp1 complex bound to the proximal germinal center (GC)-rich region of the PD-L1 gene promoter. Treatment of breast cancer cells with bis-indole–derived NR4A1 antagonists including 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methane (Cl-OCH3) decreased expression of PD-L1 mRNA, promoter-dependent luciferase activity, and protein. In &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; studies using a syngeneic mouse model bearing orthotopically injected 4T1 cells, Cl-OCH3 decreased tumor growth and weight and inhibited lung metastasis. Cl-OCH3 also decreased expression of CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/CD25&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/FoxP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; regulatory T cells and increased the Teff/Treg ratio. Therefore, the potent anticancer activities of NR4A1 antagonists are also accompanied by enhanced antitumor immunity in PD-L1–expressing triple-negative breast cancer and thus represent a novel class of drugs that mimic immunotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;These findings show that the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 controls PD-L1 expression and identify a chemical probe capable of disrupting this regulatory axis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Table S8 from Chemotherapy Induces Senescence-Like Resilient Cells Capable of Initiating AML Recurrence (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Published samples used for data analysis&lt;/p&gt;