gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toxicity of Solvents (2019)

P. Bohlen et al caution that consideration of the significance of the partition coefficient of solvents must include solvent induced lipid accumulation by the tissue component of the partition coefficient. Most of the research on this aspect of chronic solvent toxicity has been undertaken in Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. The symptoms of toxicity induced by alkanes include narcosis, dizziness, headache, nausea, confusion, and in very severe cases, a loss of consciousness. Benzene is considered separately because its toxicities are different from those of the alkyl benzenes. The toxicity of peroxides of ketones are sometimes confused with that of the parent ketones. Exposure of animals to pure xylene has not resulted in toxicity to the hematopoietic system, characteristic of benzene. When ethyl alcohol is ingested before exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbons, the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene is increased. Ethylene glycol ethers are used in hydraulic fluid as solvents in dye resins, in cleaning compounds, and in liquid soaps.
Opioid and Cannabinoid Receptor Inhibition of Adenylyl Cyclase in Braina (1992)

Both opioids and cannabinoids bind to G-protein-coupled receptors to inhibit adenylyl cyclase in neurons. These reactions were assayed in brain membranes, where maximal inhibitory activity occurred in the following regions: mu-opioid inhibition in rat thalamus, delta-opioid inhibition in rat striatum, kappa-opioid inhibition in guinea pig cerebellum, and cannabinoid inhibition in cerebellum. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by both cannabinoid and opioid agonists was typical of G-protein-linked receptors: they required GTP, they were not supported by non-hydrolyzable GTP analogs, and they were abolished (in primary neuronal cell culture) by pertussis toxin treatment. The immediate targets of this system were determined by assaying protein phosphorylation in the presence of receptor agonists and App(NH)p, a substrate for adenylyl cyclase. In striatal membranes, opioid agonists inhibited the phosphorylation of at least two bands of MW 85 and 63 kDa, which may be synapsins I and II, respectively. Other experiments determined the long-term effects of this second messenger system. In primary neuronal cultures, opioid-inhibited adenylyl cyclase attenuated forskolin-stimulated pro-enkephalin mRNA levels, thus providing a feedback regulation of opioid synthesis. Finally, in cerebellar granule cells, both cannabinoid and opioid receptors may exist on the same cells. In these cells, agonists which bind to different receptor types may produce similar biological responses.
INFLUENCE DE LA COAGULATION DES PROTÉINES SUR LA VIDANGE STOMACALE CHEZ LE VEAU PRÉRUMINANT (1973)

to the abomasum. However, in the ruminant calf the proportion found in the rumen seems to increase with age, particularly beyond one year. The efficiency of the closure of the oesophageal groove does not appear to be determined by the chemical nature of the liquid feed, according to the results obtained with lambs by O RSKOV , B ENZIE and K AY ( 197 o) and R UCKEBUSCH and KAY (1971).
Increases in coronary vein CO2 during cardiac resuscitation (1990)

We investigated the aortic, mixed venous, and great cardiac vein acid-base changes in eight domestic pigs during cardiac arrest produced by ventricular fibrillation and during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The great cardiac vein PCO2 increased from a control value of 52 +/- 2 to 132 +/- 28 (SD) Torr during CPR, whereas the arterial PCO2 was unchanged (39 +/- 4 vs. 38 +/- 4). The coronary venoarterial PCO2 gradient, therefore, increased remarkably from 13 +/- 2 to 94 +/- 29 Torr. The simultaneously measured great cardiac vein lactate concentrations increased from 0.24 +/- 0.06 to 7.3 +/- 2.34 mmol/l. Much more moderate increases in the lactate content of aortic blood from 0.64 +/- 0.25 to 2.56 +/- 0.27 mmol/l were observed. Increases in great cardiac vein PCO2 and lactate were highly correlated during CPR (r = 0.91). After successful CPR, the coronary venoarterial PCO2 gradient returned to normal levels within 2 min after restoration of spontaneous circulation. Lactate content was rapidly reduced and lactate extraction was reestablished within 30 min after CPR. These studies demonstrate marked but reversible acidosis predominantly as the result of myocardial CO2 production during CPR.
A Universal Day Zero Infectious Disease Testing Strategy Leveraging CRISPR-based Sample Depletion and Metagenomic Sequencing (2022)

ABSTRACT The lack of preparedness for detecting the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 pathogen, the pathogen responsible for the COVID-19 disease, has caused enormous harm to public health and the economy. It took ∼60 days for the first reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to be made publicly available. It then took &gt;270 days to deploy 800,000 of these tests at a time when the estimated actual testing needs required over 6 million tests per day. Testing was therefore limited to individuals with symptoms or in close contact with confirmed positive cases. Testing strategies deployed on a population scale at ‘Day Zero’ i.e., at the time of the first reported case, would be of significant value. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has such Day Zero capabilities with the potential for broad and large-scale testing. However, it has limited detection sensitivity for low copy numbers of pathogens which may be present. Here we demonstrate that by using CRISPR-Cas9 to remove abundant sequences that do not contribute to pathogen detection, NGS detection sensitivity of COVID-19 is comparable to RT-qPCR. In addition, we show that this assay can be used for variant strain typing, co-infection detection, and individual human host response assessment, all in a single workflow using existing open-source analysis pipelines. This NGS workflow is pathogen agnostic, and therefore has the potential to transform how both large-scale pandemic response and focused clinical infectious disease testing are pursued in the future. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The lack of preparedness for detecting infectious pathogens has had a devastating effect on the global economy and society. Thus, a ‘Day Zero’ testing strategy, that can be deployed at the first reported case and expanded to population scale, is required. Next generation sequencing enables Day Zero capabilities but is inadequate for detecting low levels of pathogen due to abundant sequences of little biological interest. By applying the CRISPR-Cas system to remove these sequences in vitro , we show sensitivity of pathogen detection equivalent to RT-qPCR. The workflow is pathogen agnostic, and enables detection of strain types, co-infections and human host response with a single workflow and open-source analysis tools. These results highlight the potential to transform future large-scale pandemic response.
Linguistic-style-aware Neural Networks for Fake News Detection (2023)

We propose the hierarchical recursive neural network (HERO) to predict fake news by learning its linguistic style, which is distinguishable from the truth, as psychological theories reveal. We first generate the hierarchical linguistic tree of news documents; by doing so, we translate each news document's linguistic style into its writer's usage of words and how these words are recursively structured as phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and, ultimately, the document. By integrating the hierarchical linguistic tree with the neural network, the proposed method learns and classifies the representation of news documents by capturing their locally sequential and globally recursive structures that are linguistically meaningful. It is the first work offering the hierarchical linguistic tree and the neural network preserving the tree information to our best knowledge. Experimental results based on public real-world datasets demonstrate the proposed method's effectiveness, which can outperform state-of-the-art techniques in classifying short and long news documents. We also examine the differential linguistic style of fake news and the truth and observe some patterns of fake news. The code and data have been publicly available.
Pion spectra: Delta resonance decay and medium mass modification (2005)

We study the pi+- spectra obtained in 2,4,6,8 A GeV Au-Au collisions within the thermal model. We find that the main features of the data can be well described after we include the decay of the Delta-resonance with medium mass modification.
A WDM-Ethernet hybrid passive optical network architecture (2006)

The wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) has been known as the utmost advanced technology with high security, guaranteed QoS, transparent protocol and so on. However, WDM-PON is too expensive for general users, and its bandwidth is too much for the present services of individual general subscribers. This paper introduces a hybrid PON based on WDM, namely WDM-Ethernet PON (WE-PON), in which WDM-PON is integrated with time division multiplexing PON (TDM-PON) by AWG and splitter. WE-PON with 32 branch splitter can get down very close to that of TDM-PON. It can significantly lower the out side plant cost as well as maximizing the fibre utilization.
Stripe and ring artifact removal with combined wavelet—Fourier filtering (2009)

A fast, powerful and stable filter based on combined wavelet and Fourier analysis for the elimination of horizontal or vertical stripes in images is presented and compared with other types of destriping filters. Strict separation between artifacts and original features allowing both, suppression of the unwanted structures and high degree of preservation of the original image information is endeavoured. The results are validated by visual assessments, as well as by quantitative estimation of the image energy loss. The capabilities and the performance of the filter are tested on a number of case studies related to applications in tomographic imaging. The case studies include (i) suppression of waterfall artifacts in electron microscopy images based on focussed ion beam nanotomography, (ii) removal of different types of ring artifacts in synchrotron based X-ray microtomography and (iii) suppression of horizontal stripe artifacts from phase projections in grating interferometry.
Author response: Identification of a weight loss-associated causal eQTL in MTIF3 and the effects of MTIF3 deficiency on human adipocyte function (2023)

MTIF3 safeguards mitochondrial electron transport chain assembly in adipocytes, and affects thus adipocyte fatty acid oxidation ability, which can explain why MTIF3 genetic variation can influence dietary intervention aimed at weight loss.
Inhibition of passive sensitization of human peripheral basophils by synthetic human immunoglobulin E peptide fragments (1993)

To delineate the binding site in the human immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecule to the Fc epsilon receptor on basophils and mast cells, we chemically synthesized a total of 71 peptide fragments within the sequence Ser300-Lys547 in the human IgE molecule. The synthetic peptides were tested for their capacity to inhibit passive sensitization of human peripheral basophils with atopic patient's serum containing the specific IgE against dust mites in vitro. It was found that a peptide fragment, Pro345-Ile356, potently inhibited the passive sensitization. To clarify the minimal active core, various analogues, such as shortened, substituted (by Gly or Ala residue), omission and retro-sequence peptides, were synthesized and assayed. The results suggested that the sequence Pro345-Lys352 in the human IgE molecule would be an IgE binding site, and that a synthetic octapeptide, Pro345-Phe-Asp-Leu-Phe-Ile-Arg-Lys352, inhibited the passive sensitization, probably by occupying the Fc epsilon receptor sites on the cells.
Peptide Nucleic Acid Synthesis by Novel Amide Formation (2007)

Synthesis of self-activated peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers and an efficient method for PNA synthesis using a benzothiazole-2-sulfonyl (Bts) group as an amine-protecting group as well as an acid-activating group are reported. Couplings were complete within 120 min, and the deprotection was performed in 10 min. This Bts strategy provides a high purity PNA oligomer and is appropriate for large-scale synthesis. The results of the 15-mer PNA oligomer are described.
Time synchronization algorithms for wireless monitoring system (2003)

Wireless health monitoring schemes are innovative techniques, which effectively remove the disadvantages associated with current wire-based sensing systems, i.e., high installation and upkeep costs. However, recorded data sets may have relative time-delays due to the blockage of sensors or inherent internal clock errors. In this paper, two algorithms are proposed for the synchronization of the recorded asynchronous data measured from sensing units of a wireless monitoring system. In the first algorithm, the input signal to a structure is measured. Time-delay between an output measurement and the input is identified based on the minimization of errors of the ARX (auto-regressive model with exogenous input) models for the input-output pair recordings. The second algorithm is applicable when a structure is subject to ambient excitation and only output measurements are available. ARMAV (auto-regressive moving average vector) models are constructed from two output signals and the time-delay between them is evaluated based on the minimization of errors of the ARMAV models. The proposed algorithms are verified by simulation data and recorded seismic response data from multi-story buildings.
Some structure‐property relationships in polymer flammability: Studies of phenolic‐derived polymers (1982)

Abstract The investigation of the thermal degradation of the char‐formaing phenol–formaldehyde resins is conducted to provide information for the systematic design of high temperature flame‐resistant phenolics. Three different processes of curing are used: (1) Formaldehyde or s ‐trioxane is reacted with m ‐substituted phenol–formaldehyde oligomers under acidic conditions to give the methylene bridged‐novolac resins. (2) Phenol and m ‐substituted phenols are reacted with CH 2 O under basic conditions and then heated to give the methylene bridged resol resins. (3) p ‐Terephthaloyl chloride and m ‐and p ‐substituted novolac oligomers are reacted to give cured resins with ester linkages. The evaluation of the effect of various substituents indicates that the oxygen index (OI) increases from about 33 for unsubstituted phenolics to about 75 for meta‐halogen substituted phenolics. The evaluation of the effect of various crosslinking agents shows that the OI for CH 2 O‐cured phenolics is 75 as compared to 50 for the trioxane cured phenolics and to 40 for the terephthaloyl chloride cured phenolics. A set of phenolic copolymers with different weight percentage content of halogen substituted phenols are synthesized as novolacs and resols. The results surprisingly indicate no increase of OI for the cured novolac copolymers, whereas the increase is observed for the cured resol copolymers. The activation energy for the thermooxidative degradation of the cured novolacs is about 12–15 kJ/mol lower as compared to that of the curd resols.
Supplementary Figures 1-7 from Loss-of-Function Mutations in TRAF7 and KLF4 Cooperatively Activate RAS-Like GTPase Signaling and Promote Meningioma Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1-7&lt;/p&gt;
Clinical meaningfulness of subtle cognitive decline on longitudinal testing in preclinical AD (2019)

Early "subtle cognitive decline" among Aβ+ CN on a sensitive cognitive composite demonstrably increases risk for imminent clinical disease progression and functional impairment.
Multi-core cable fault diagnosis using cluster time-frequency domain reflectometry (2018)

Guaranteeing the integrity and functionality of the control and instrumentation (C&I) cable system is essential in ensuring safe nuclear power plant (NPP) operation. When a fault occurs in a multi-core cable, it not only affects the signals of faulty lines but in fact, disturbs the rest as well due to crosstalk and noise interference. Therefore, this results in C&I signal errors in NPP operation and further leads to a rise in concern regarding the NPP operation. Thus, it is necessary for diagnostic technologies of multi-core C&I cables to classify the faulty line and detect the fault to assure the safety and reliability of NPP operation. We propose a diagnostic method that detects the fault location and faulty line in multi-core C&I cable using a clustering algorithm based on TFDR results. The faulty line detection clustering algorithm uses TFDR cross-correlation and phase synchrony results as input feature data altogether which can detect the faulty line and identify the fault point successfully. The proposed clustering algorithm is verified by experiments with two possible fault scenarios in NPP operation.
Systemic anti-IFN-? treatment and role of macrophage subsets in the foreign body reaction to dermal sheep collagen in rats (2000)

The application of a biomaterial induces a foreign body reaction. By controlling this reaction, biocompatibility could be improved. We previously demonstrated that impregnation of a biodegradable biomaterial with antibodies against interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inhibits the foreign body reaction. In this study we investigate whether systemic administration of the antibody can induce similar reactions. Several parameters are compared between control and anti-IFN-gamma-treated rats: cellular ingrowth; degradation of the biomaterial; ingrowth of macrophage (MO) subsets, T cells, B cells, NK cells, and granulocytes; and expression of the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) molecule on antigen presenting cells. Treatment with anti-IFN-gamma results in increased cellular ingrowth and biomaterial degradation and a decreased expression of MHC class II. Overall, systemic treatment with anti-IFN-gamma is insufficient to modulate the foreign body reaction. This suggests an alternative mechanism for MO activation besides IFN-gamma. The role of T cells and MO subsets in the foreign body reaction is discussed.
Glutamate receptor δ2 serum antibodies in pediatric opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (2018)

Autoantibodies to GluD2 are common in patients with OMAS, bind to surface determinants, and are potentially pathogenic.
A Method to Decompose Multiple-Output Logic Functions (2003)

This paper shows a method to decompose a given multipleoutput circuit into two circuits with intermediate outputs. We use a BDD for characteristic function (BDD for CF) to represent a multiple-output function. Many benchmark functions were realized by LUT cascades with intermediate outputs. Especially, adders and a binary to BCD converter were successfully designed. Comparison with FPGAs is also presented.
Suppression of low-frequency fluctuations and stabilization of a semiconductor laser subjected to optical feedback from a double cavity:?theoretical results (1999)

We demonstrate numerically that low-frequency fluctuations (LFF's) observed in a laser diode subjected to a first optical feedback with a short delay are suppressed by means of an adequate second optical feedback. The general idea of this technique is based on the observation that second feedback can suppress the antimodes that are responsible for the crises in the LFF regime. Furthermore, we observe that the second optical feedback can steer an unstable laser that is biased near threshold into a stable regime.
Special edition on trans health: Editorial comment (2023)

The author declares no conflict of interest.
Reconsidering trigonometric integrators (2009)

In this paper we look at the performance of trigonometric integrators applied to highly oscillatory differential equations. It is widely known that some of the trigonometric integrators suffer from low order resonances for particular step sizes. We show here that, in general, trigonometric integrators also suffer from higher order resonances which can lead to loss of nonlinear stability. We illustrate this with the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem, a highly oscillatory Hamiltonian system. We also show that in some cases trigonometric integrators preserve invariant or adiabatic quantities but at the wrong values. We use statistical properties such as time averages to further evaluate the performance of the trigonometric methods and compare the performance with that of the mid-point rule. doi:10.1017/S1446181109000042
Energy efficient modulation for a wireless network-on-chip architecture (2012)

As both power consumption and leakage currents will limit the scalability of future massively integrated computational systems, research into emerging technologies and devices to replace traditional metallic interconnects has become critical. In this paper we propose an initial implementation for a hybrid wireless network-on-chip (WiNoC) interconnect architecture, named iWISE, for current chip multiprocessors (CMPs). iWISE combines wired interconnects with wireless links that use both frequency and time division multiplexing to offer a balanced, flexible, orthogonal wireless data transfer among cores. We provide a basic description of the iWISE architecture and describe a practical solution for the implementation of wireless interconnects based on an on-off keying (OOK) modulator using ultra-compact Double Gate (DG) CMOS devices. The proposed OOK modulator takes advantage of DG-CMOS devices especially in building compact modulation and tunable amplification circuitry. Real applications from the benchmark suite PARSEC as well as synthetic traffic show an improvement in performance as well as a savings in power.