gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Designing and implementing an Army capability model (2003)

The United States Army is transforming itself from a heavy mechanized force designed for cold war missions to a more mobile objective force tailored to the demands of an asymmetric warfare involving many diverse missions, from peacekeeping to land warfare. The Army Objective Force will be based on rapid mobility, information dominance, and tactical superiority. We developed a decision support tool to assess current Army capabilities and prioritize potential Army programs based on their ability to support future Army capabilities. We used two key documents, The Army Plan (TAP) and the U.S. Army Objective Force White Paper, which identify future Army capabilities and transformation goals. Our decision support tool uses multiple objective decision analysis implemented in Microsoft Access to help our client (the Army staff office responsible for prioritizing Army programs) evaluate Army programs. Each program is evaluated by the future Army capabilities it will provide. The ability to prioritize programs is essential to the Army and, specifically, our client because it helps determine which programs provide the most value for the Army budget. Further, it will give our client the ability to assess the effects of potential changes to both program funding and the transformation goals.
Immunotargeting of Nanocrystals by SpyCatcher Conjugation of Engineered Antibodies (2021)

Inorganic nanocrystals such as quantum dots (QDs) and upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are uniquely suited for quanti-tative live-cell imaging and are typically functionalized with ligands to study specific receptors or cellular targets. Antibod-ies (Ab) are among the most useful targeting reagents owing to their high affinities and specificities, but common nanocrys-tal labeling methods may orient Ab incorrectly, be reversible or denaturing, or lead to Ab-NP complexes too large for some applications. Here, we show that SpyCatcher proteins, which bind and spontaneously form covalent isopeptide bonds with cognate SpyTag peptides, can conjugate engineered Ab to nanoparticle surfaces with control over stability, orientation, and stoichiometry. Compact SpyCatcher-functionalized QDs and UCNPs may be labeled with short-chain variable fragment Ab (scFv) engineered to bind urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptors (uPAR) that are overexpressed in many human can-cers. Confocal imaging of anti-uPAR scFv-QD conjugates shows the Ab mediates specific binding and internalization by breast cancer cells expressing uPAR. Time-lapse imaging of photostable scFv-UCNP conjugates show that Ab binding caus-es uPAR internalization with a ∼20-minute half-life on the cell surface, and uPAR is internalized to endolysosomal com-partments distinct from general membrane stains and without significant recycling to the cell surface. The controlled and stable conjugation of engineered Ab to NPs enables targeting of diverse receptors for live-cell study of their distribution, trafficking, and physiology.
EFFECTS OF SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS ON MECHANICAL AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF ADHESIVELY BONDED CARBON FIBER COMPOSITES (2021)

The rapid rise of fiber reinforced composite usage in aircraft, spacecraft and automobile industries made the proper comprehension of repair and joining of these materials a crucial aspect. Adhesive bonding is one of the most advantageous and desirable joining and repair technique for fiber reinforced composites. However, the heterogeneity of fiber reinforced composites and the complex interfacial nature of the adhesive bonds, makes most non-destructive evaluation and assessment techniques ineffective to assess the state of the bond. Different manufacturing and surface preparation techniques impart different surface characteristics to the adherends, hence proper understanding of the state of bonds is dependent upon the characteristics of the adherend surfaces. In this approach, carbon fiber composite adherends with controlled surface modifications were made into lap-shear test specimens using film adhesive. The effects of surface characteristics such as surface roughness and surface free energy of the adherend surfaces, on bond performance are studied. These surface characteristics are found to be an indicator of bond performance and can even be used to explain failure modes. Moreover, the performance of these bonds with varying surface characteristics are analyzed non-destructively by dielectric spectroscopy and compared with the mechanical performance of the bonds.
Initial study on naturally occurring products from traditional Chinese herbs and vegetables for chemoprevention (1997)

A number of naturally occurring products from vegetables and herbs exert chemopreventive properties against carcinogenesis. In this paper, two such compounds, isolated from garlic and from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, are described for review. Elemene, isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma zedoariae, was shown to exhibit antitumor activity in human and murine tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. This novel antineoplastic agent has substantial clinical activity against various tumors. The in vitro effect of elemene on the growth of leukemia cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The IC50 values of elemene for promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and erythroleukemia K562 cells were 27.5 micrograms/mL and 81 micrograms/mL, respectively, while IC50 for peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) was 254.3 micrograms/mL. The inhibitory effect of elemene on proliferation of HL-60 cells was associated with cell cycle arrest from S to G2M phase transition and with induction of apoptosis. The apoptosis of tumor cells was confirmed by DNA ladder formation on gel electrophoresis and characteristic ultrastructural alterations. The results also demonstrated that inhibitory effects of allicin, a natural organosulfide from garlic, on proliferation of tumor cells were associated with the cell cycle blockage of S/G2M boundary phase and induction of apoptosis. These findings suggest that induction of apoptosis may contribute to the mechanisms of antitumor activity of elemene and allicin, which merit investigation as potential chemoprevention agents in humans.
Atomic structure, energetics, and chemical bonding of Y doped Σ13 grain boundaries in α-Al2O3 (2012)

Abstract The atomic structure, energetics and chemical bonding state of pristine and Y doped Σ13, (104) grain boundaries in α-Al2O3 were investigated by aberration-corrected Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with first-principles calculations. Combining observations from two orthogonal directions parallel to the grain boundary plane, we found that Y atoms segregate into specific atomic sites and form two-dimensionally ordered structure. We performed first-principles calculations to estimate stable atomic sites for Y segregation, and it was found that the calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Local chemical bonding states at the core of the boundary were investigated by a first-principles orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbitals (OLCAO) method, and Y atoms and neighboring O atoms were found to evince strong ionic character while O–Al back bonds evince strong covalent character. Keywords: grain boundaryaluminaHAADF STEMsegregationY dopingfirst-principles calculationschemical bonding character Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports and Technology (MEXT) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). We would like to thank Prof. W. Y. Ching at the University of Missouri-Kansas City for use the OLCAO code. Some calculations were performed by the Super Computer Center of the Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo. This work was conducted in the research Hub for Advanced Nano Characterization, The University of Tokyo, supported by MEXT. S.D.F. acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Imination of Sulfides. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The importance of the smooth muscle cytoskeleton to preterm labour (2013)

Multiple mechanisms have been shown to regulate the onset of labour in a co-operative and complex manner. One factor, myometrial stretch and associated increases in wall tension, has been implicated clinically in the initiation of labour and especially the aetiology of preterm labour. Recent work on the mechanisms involved has led to the finding that the intracellular Ca(2+) requirement for activation of the myometrial contractile filaments increases during gestation. The decreased Ca(2+) sensitivity correlates with an increase in the expression of caldesmon, an actin-binding protein and inhibitor of myosin activation, during pregnancy. In late pregnancy, an increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated caldesmon phosphorylation occurs, which appears to reverse the inhibitory action of caldesmon during labour. Force generated by the myometrial contractile filaments is communicated across the plasmalemma to the uterine wall through focal adhesions. Phospho-tyrosine screening and mass spectrometry of stretched myometrial samples identified several stretch-activated focal adhesion proteins. This Src-mediated focal adhesion signalling appears to provide a tunable, i.e. regulated, tension sensor and force transmitter in the myometrial cell. In other parallel studies, biophysical measurements of smooth muscle compliance at both the cellular and tissue levels suggest that decreases in cellular compliance due to changing interactions of the actin cytoskeleton with the focal adhesions may also promote increases in uterine wall tension. These results, taken together, suggest that focal adhesion proteins and their interaction with the cytoskeleton may present a new mode of regulation of uterine contractility.
Critical clearing time transformation upon renewables integration through static converters, a case in microgrids (2018)

More and more variable renewables are interconnected into power systems through static converters. This brings challenges in evaluating the maximum duration of permissible fault, or better known as the critical clearing time. A novel strategy to assess the critical clearing time that takes static converter limitations into consideration is proposed in this article. The impact of the introduction of the new criteria is also analyzed. The simulations performed in Power Factory platform on microgrids have shown that the usage of static converters might provoke fast frequency and voltage responses and consequently might reduce the critical clearing time.
Thermoelectric Properties of Cu2SnSe4 with Intrinsic Vacancy (2016)

Phonon scattering by point defects has been proven as an effective strategy for thermoelectric performance enhancements through reducing lattice thermal conductivity. This type of scattering largely relies on the mass and strain fluctuations between host and guest atoms, both of which can be maximized by vacancies as demonstrated in a few thermoelectric solid solutions showing a significant reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity. Here we show Cu2SnSe4, a new compound with intrinsic vacancies on the cation site, as a promising thermoelectric material due to the low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.6 W m–1 K–1 intrinsically resulting from the vacancies. A peak thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of ∼0.6 is achievable in this compound without relying on additional approaches such as nanostructuring or band engineering. This result demonstrates the existence of intrinsic vacancies as an important guidance for exploring new thermoelectric materials.
Nonuniform Strut Distribution Correlates With More Neointimal Hyperplasia After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation (2004)

The number and distribution of stent struts affect the amount of neointima after SES implantation.
Trios: Stylistic Rendering of 3D Photos (2022)

3D photography has emerged as a medium that provides an immersive dimension to 2D photos. We present Trios, an interactive mobile app that combines the vividness of image-based artistic rendering with 3D photos by implementing an end-to-end pipeline for their generation and stylization. Trios uses Apple’s accelerated image-processing APIs and dedicated Neural Engine for depth-generation and learning-based artistic rendering. The pipeline runs at interactive frame rates and outputs a compact video, which can easily be shared. Thus, it serves as a unique interactive tool for digital artists interested in creating immersive artistic content.
Myeloid Deletion of SIRT1 Induces Inflammatory Signaling in Response to Environmental Stress (2010)

Macrophage activation and infiltration into resident tissues is known to mediate local inflammation and is a hallmark feature of metabolic syndrome. Members of the sirtuin family of proteins regulate numerous physiological processes, including those involved in nutrient regulation and the promotion of longevity. However, the important role that SIRT1, the leading sirtuin family member, plays in immune response remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that SIRT1 modulates the acetylation status of the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB and thus plays a pivotal role in regulating the inflammatory, immune, and apoptotic responses in mammals. Using a myeloid cell-specific SIRT1 knockout (Mac-SIRT1 KO) mouse model, we show that ablation of SIRT1 in macrophages renders NF-κB hyperacetylated, resulting in increased transcriptional activation of proinflammatory target genes. Consistent with increased proinflammatory gene expression, Mac-SIRT1 KO mice challenged with a high-fat diet display high levels of activated macrophages in liver and adipose tissue, predisposing the animals to development of systemic insulin resistance and metabolic derangement. In summary, we report that SIRT1, in macrophages, functions to inhibit NF-κB-mediated transcription, implying that myeloid cell-specific modulation of this sirtuin may be beneficial in the treatment of inflammation and its associated diseases.
59%-efficient cw-modelocked second harmonic generation of blue light in backswitch-poled lithium niobate (2003)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate cw modelocked second harmonic generation of blue light in 0.5-mm-thick backswitched periodically-poled LiNbO/sub 3/ (PPLN). We backswitch-poled 4-/spl mu/m-period gratings in 76-mm-diameter 0.5-mm-thick congruent z-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ wafer substrates. PPLN samples, ranging in length from 0.5 to 50 mm, were obtained from these wafers. Using a cw-modelocked Ti:sapphire pump laser, uncoated PPLN samples were characterized for single-pass SHG efficiency. Conversion efficiencies of 43% and 59% were achieved from the 0.5-mm and 12-mm length samples, respectively.
Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2019)

While the number of new treatment options tested in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is increasing, there is still no defining of the most reliable assessments regarding therapeutic efficacy. We present clinical and radiological outcome measures used in ambulatory patients participating in our trial "Treatment with L-citrulline and metformin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy". The motor function measure is a validated test in patients with neuromuscular disorders that consists of 32 items and assesses all three dimensions of motor performance including standing and transfer (D1 subscore), axial and proximal motor function (D2 subscore), and distal motor function (D3 subscore). The test shows high intra- and inter-rater variability but only when strictly following guidelines of the materials, examination steps, and calculation of scores. The 6-minute walk test, timed 10-meter walk/run test, and supine-up time are commonly used timed functional tests that also sufficiently monitor changes in muscle function; however, they strongly depend on patient collaboration. Quantitative MRI is an objective and sensitive biomarker to detect subclinical changes, though the examination costs may be a reason for its limited use. In this study, a high correlation between all clinical assessments and quantitative MRI scans was found. The combinational use of these methods provides a better understanding about disease progression; however, longitudinal studies are needed to validate their reliability.
It takes two to tango: Research and practice as an amazing dance (2001)

This paper offers an appreciative critique of Kim Etherington's recent book, Narrative Approaches to Working with Adult Male Survivors of Male Child Sexual Abuse . I discuss the issues raised in the book with reference to one of my current clients. Etherington does not produce new substantive theory: the power of this work is in the narrative. Her important contribution lies in the reflexivity with which she encounters her material. The use of critical reflexivity challenges the subject/object dichotomy inherent in much positivistic research, and presents a much‐needed approach to process that is congruent with the lived experience of counselling. I would suggest that research is more likely to succeed in informing practice if the material is open to personal interpretation by the reader/therapist. Further, I would claim that the activity of using research creatively is itself a heuristic process: useful learning is most likely to occur if the dialogic relationship with the client and therapist is mirrored in the relationship between the therapist and the research text.
Analysis of Electromagnetic Effect on the Electrorheological Properties of Nano-Laden Systems (2008)

The potential electrorheological characteristics of suspensions of carbon nanofibers in nematic liquid crystals were investigated. Previous data showed that suspensions of < 1% carbon nanofibers in silicone oil were not viscous enough to obtain appreciable electrorheological behavior. Short circuit was noticed below 200 V when higher loads of carbon nanofibers were used due to the high conductivity of the carbon nanofibers. In order to increase the concentration of fillers at which the percolation of the electrical conductivity is noticed, the research concentrated on carbon nanofibers coated with insulating macromolecular chains. The systems under study were polypyrrole-coated carbon nanofibers and polyurea-coated carbon nanofibers dispersed within a liquid crystal.
Principal Curvature Measurements: Towards Wave Front Optical Testing with Next Level Accuracy (2007)

We demonstrate in this paper how the local wavefront principal curvatures and directions may be obtained with a Differential Shack Hartman (DSH) sensor. © 2007 Optical Society of America.
Diels-Alder reactions of dieno-pyranosides. Anomeric versus allylic stereoselection (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiels-Alder reactions of dieno-pyranosides. Anomeric versus allylic stereoselectionRobert M. Giuliano, John H. Buzby, Nicholas Marcopulos, and James P. SpringerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 11, 3555–3562Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00298a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00298a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Low Temperature Bonding Process Using Cu Nanoparticles and Mixed Ag-Cu Nanoparticles (2010)

高強度と耐イオンマイグレーション性を有する銅–銅接合を得るために，3種類の銅ナノ粒子（平均粒子径：d=7.2 nm, 64.8 nm, 498 nm）および銀–銅混合ナノ粒子を用いた低温接合プロセス（250℃～400℃）を検討した。銅ナノ粒子を用いた接合では，平均粒子径64.8 nmの銅ナノ粒子を用いた場合に最も高い強度を示した。銅ナノ粒子（d=498 nm）と銀ナノ粒子（d=7.9 nm）の銀–銅混合ナノ粒子の場合には，50%Ag–50%Cuの配合比において最も高い接合強度が得られた。50%Ag–50%Cu混合ナノ粒子を用いた焼成電極は，銀ナノ粒子の焼成電極よりも優れた耐イオンマイグレーション性を示した。
Synthesis of Cyclometalated Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes Using 2-Substituted 8-Quinolinols Containing C-Donor Atoms and Steric Interaction between the Ligands. (2002)

置換基に炭素ドナー原子を有する2-置換-8-キノリノールを合成し，二価のパラジウムや白金と第二の単座配位子存在下にシクロメタラト錯体を合成した．M-C(sp3)結合を持つ五，五あるいは五，六-キレート環は安定であるので，キレート環のCα，Cβに付いた置換基と単座配位子との立体相互作用が認められた．単座配位子がピリジンのような，小さな分子では相互作用はあまり大きくはないが，トリフェニルホスフィンのようなかさ高い分子では顕著な相互作用が現れる．錯体のX線構造解析の結果，Cβに結合している二つのエステル基はトリフェニルホスフィンのベンゼン環の二つと近い距離にあり，その結果，M-P単結合の自由回転を阻害していることが認められた．このような3隣接位置換基の立体相互作用はエステル基プロトンの1H-NMRスペクトルの吸収移動と分裂の様子からも推定できる．そこで，本報ではCαについた置換基や単座配位子を変化させて実験を行い，反応に使用できる単座配位子の構造や条件を明らかにした．そして，メトロニダゾール(2-methyl-5-nitro-1-imidazoleethanol)やAZTなどの特徴ある単座配位子を用いて新規なシクロメタラト錯体を合成し，立体的な特性について検討を行った．
Studies on Azulenes. V. S-Guaiazulene-3-sulfonic Acid. (1957)

S-Guaiazulene-sulfonic acid (II), prepared from S-guaiazulene (I) by treatment with sulfur trioxide-dioxane complex was converted into the sodium salt. Treatment of the sodium salt (IV) with phosphoryl chloride gave a monochloro-S-guaiazulene (VI). The same chloro derivative was obtained from 3-acetyl-S-guaiazulene (V) with sodium hypochlorite. However, these chlorination conditions did not give any chloro derivative when applied to S-guaiazulene (I). The chloro derivative thus obtained was identified with a product obtainable from S-guaiazulene (I) by its treatment with N-chlorosuccinimide. Since the structure of 3-acetyl-S-guaiazulene (V) had been confirmed in the preceding paper of this series and as the two chlorination reactions which gave the chloro derivative from the two substituted S-guaiazulenes, (II) and (V), did not give the former directly from S-guaiazulene, it is concluded that the chloro derivative produced from (II) and (V) is 3-chloro-S-guaiazulene and the sulfonated S-guaiazulene (II) is S-guaiazulene-3-sulfonic acid.
SIR88 – a direct-methods program for the automatic solution of crystal structures (1989)

SIR 88 is an integrated package of computer programs for the solution of crystal structures. The package is based on the estimation of one- and two-phase structure seminvariants and three- and four-phase structure invariants according to the theory of representations [Giacovazzo (1977). Acta Cryst. A 33 , 933–944; (1980). Acta Cryst. A 36 , 362–372]. The program works in all the space groups and in most cases it is able to provide the correct solution without user intervention. Some prior information like the availability of a partial structure or of pseudotranslational symmetry is easily exploited to obtain the structure solution.