gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Be2BO3F: A Phase of Beryllium Fluoride Borate Derived from KBe2BO3F2 with Short UV Absorption Edge (2016)

A phase of beryllium fluoride borate Be2BO3F (BBF) was successfully developed and grown by spontaneous nucleation from high temperature solution. The crystal belongs to the trigonal space group of R3̅c (No. 167), with lattice parameters a = 4.442(1) Å, c = 24.956(5) Å, and Z = 2. It is constructed by the infinite planar [Be2BO3F2]∞ layers, in which the planar triangle [BO3](3-) and the tetrahedral [BeO3F](5-) anionic groups are arranged in parallel via corner-sharing O atoms in each ab plane. BBF is an incongruent compound and decomposes at about 650 °C. The deep-ultraviolet (DUV) transmittance spectrum reveals that its UV cutoff wavelength is down to ∼150 nm. Theoretical calculations show that BBF has a large birefringence (Δn = 0.13 at 200 nm), which mainly originates from the infinite planar [Be2BO3F2]∞ layers. In conclusion, BBF may be served as a potential DUV birefringent material.
Requirements engineering and the creative process in the video game industry (2005)

The software engineering process in video game development is not clearly understood, hindering the development of reliable practices and processes for this field. An investigation of factors leading to success or failure in video game development suggests that many failures can be traced to problems with the transition from preproduction to production. Three examples, drawn from real video games, illustrate specific problems: 1) how to transform documentation from its preproduction form to a form that can be used as a basis for production;, 2) how to identify implied information in preproduction documents; and 3) how to apply domain knowledge without hindering the creative process. We identify 3 levels of implication and show that there is a strong correlation between experience and the ability to identify issues at each level. The accumulated evidence clearly identifies the need to extend traditional requirements engineering techniques to support the creative process in video game development.
Sex impacts Th1 cells, Tregs, and DCs in both intestinal and systemic immunity in a mouse strain and location-dependent manner (2016)

In this study, we show sex differences in intestinal and peripheral immune populations. These differences may underlie sex differences in intestinal disorders like IBD, and this information may be an important knowledge for the treatment of intestinal-related diseases.
Survival and Quality of Life Following Elective Open-Heart Surgery (2008)

Eight hundred thirty-six patients who had open-heart surgery were available for analysis of health-related quality of life (HRQL) data and survival at the 1-year follow-up. Elective open-heart surgery patients with decreasing HRQL at 1 year following surgery may experience a survival disadvantage in comparison with those patients experiencing positive gains. Clinical care should extend beyond the immediate postoperative period.
An exterior-point approach to the mixed H<inf>2</inf>=H<inf>∞</inf> control problem (2015)

The purpose of this paper is to propose an exterior-point approach to the mixed H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> control problems using a partial derivative of the H2 cost function. The main contribution of this paper is to give an iterative method for obtaining a feasible solution of the problem, which produces a sequence of controller variables from the infeasible region to the feasible one. This approach has the property such that any stabilizing controller can be used as an initial point. The efficiency of our approach is shown by a numerical example which cannot be solved with the common Lyapunov variable method.
Photocatalytic Property of a Decatungstate-Containing Bilayer System for the Conversion of 2-Propanol to Acetone (2001)

A decatungstate-containing bilayer composite was prepared by ion complexation between decatungstate anion (W10) and dioctadecyldimethylammonium (DODMA). The cast film prepared from its chloroform solution had a well-organized bilayer structure and a phase transition of the bilayer. The W10/DODMA composite powder dispersed in 2-propanol photocatalyzed the oxidative dehydrogenation of 2-propanol into acetone in the presence of oxygen and under UV irradiation. The W10/DODMA exhibited a unique temperature-dependent property that the photocatalytic activity is drastically enhanced above the phase-transition temperature of the bilayer. When the W10/DODMA composite was combined with Pt nanoparticles, the photocatalytic dehydrogenation of 2-propanol into acetone and H2 proceeded in the absence of oxygen because Pt promoted the reoxidation of protonated H2W10O324- to the original W10O324- (H2 evolution step).
Fluorescent analogs of UDP‐glucose and their use in characterizing substrate binding by toxin A from Clostridium difficile (2002)

Uridine-5'-diphospho-1-alpha-d-glucose (UDP-Glc) is a common substrate used by glucosyltransferases, including certain bacterial toxins such as Toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile. Fluorescent analogs of UDP-Glc have been prepared for use in our studies of the clostridial toxins. These compounds are related to the methylanthraniloyl-ATP compounds commonly used to probe the chemistry of ATP-dependent enzymes. The reaction of excess methylisatoic anhydride with UDP-Glc in aqueous solution yields primarily the 2' and 3' isomers of methylanthraniloyl-UDP-Glc (MUG). As the 2' and 3' isomers readily interconvert, this isomeric mixture was copurified by HPLC away from the other isomeric products, and was characterized by a combination of NMR, fluorescence and mass spectrometric methods. TcdA binds MUG competitively with respect to UDP-Glc with an affinity of 15 +/- 2 microm in the absence of Mg2+. There is currently no evidence that the fluorescent substrate analog is turned over by the toxin in either glucosyltransferase or glucosylhydrolase reactions. Using a competition assay, the affinity of UDP-Glc was determined to be 45+/-10 microm in the absence of Mg2+. The binding of UDP-Glc and Mg2+ are highly coupled with Mg2+ affinities in the range of 90-600 microm, depending on the experimental conditions. These results imply that one of the significant roles of the metal ion might be to stabilize the enzyme-substrate complex prior to initiation of the transferase chemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Ferromagnetic Ordering and Magnetic Anisotropy for Two Cyano‐Bridged Bimetallic Compounds of Formula Mn2(H2O)5Mo (CN)7×nH2O. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Th Genes and Dengue Virus Infection (2008)

Background: Little is currently known about the immunopathogenesis of dengue virus infection. However, the complex interaction of host immune responses during dengue virus infection has important implications on the clinical outcome of patients. The role of Th genes during dengue virus infection is poorly defined. Methods: In this project, we determine which genes are differentially regulated in dengue type 2 virus-infected cell lines (HepG2 -hepatocytes, K562 - myelogenous leukaemia cell line and Jurkat - T cells). We used real-time PCR to profile the expression of 84 genes related to the three classes of helper T cells: Th1, Th2 and Th3. This array includes cytokine and chemokine genes representative of Th1, Th2 and Th3 cells, transcriptional factors that regulate the expression of these cytokines as well as genes involved in the antimicrobial humoral response. Results: The susceptibilities of the three cell lines to dengue type 2 virus were evident by detection of viral antigen and virus growth curve. Majority of the Th genes that are differentially regulated in all the three cell lines infected with dengue virus. However, Jurkat and K562 cells showed more common regulation as compared to HepG2 cells probably because both of them are leukocytes. Among the differentially regulated genes, TLR6 was significantly regulated in both dengue type 2 virus-infected K562 cells and Jurkat cells. Semi-quantitative PCR and Western detection were performed to confirm the up-regulation of TLR6. High level of IL-6 expression was also detected from K562 cells and Jurkat cells. Conclusion: K562 and Jurkat cells are permissive to dengue type 2 virus infection. TLR 6 is up-regulated which in turn leads to upregulation of IL-6 during dengue virus infection. This may have implications in the immunopathogenesis of dengue virus biology.
API design for machine learning software: experiences from the scikit-learn project (2013)

Scikit-learn is an increasingly popular machine learning li- brary. Written in Python, it is designed to be simple and efficient, accessible to non-experts, and reusable in various contexts. In this paper, we present and discuss our design choices for the application programming interface (API) of the project. In particular, we describe the simple and elegant interface shared by all learning and processing units in the library and then discuss its advantages in terms of composition and reusability. The paper also comments on implementation details specific to the Python ecosystem and analyzes obstacles faced by users and developers of the library.
Effect of Background Pressure on the Performance and Plume of the HiVHAc Hall Thruster (2013)

During the Single String Integration Test of the NASA HiVHAc Hall thruster, a number of plasma diagnostics were implemented to study the effect of varying facility background pressure on thruster operation. These diagnostics include thrust stand, Faraday probe, ExB probe, and retarding potential analyzer. The test results indicated a rise in thrust and discharge current with background pressure. There was also a decrease in ion energy per charge, an increase in multiply-charged species production, a decrease in plume divergence, and a decrease in ion beam current with increasing background pressure. A simplified ingestion model was applied to determine the maximum acceptable background pressure for thrust measurement. The maximum acceptable ingestion percentage was found to be around 1%. Examination of the diagnostics results suggest the ionization and acceleration zones of the thruster were shifting upstream with increasing background pressure.
Polarographic determination of poly(acrylic acid), poly(acrylamide) and the corresponding copolymers (1983)

Abstract The suppression of the polarographic oxygen maximum was found to be a sensitive and simple method for the determination of poly(acrylic acid), poly(acrylamide) and the corresponding copolymers if the solution contains Ca 2+ ions. In mixtures of these polymers with molecular weights of the same range the total polymer content can be determined at concentrations between 10 and 80 mg l −1 Interferences of the method, the relative standard deviation of which was found to be 4.2%, are shown.
Apprentissage de différentes classes de similarité dans les k-PPV (2009)

International audience
Cassandra: flexible trust management, applied to electronic health records (2004)

We study the specification of access control policy in large-scale distributed systems. We present Cassandra, a language and system for expressing policy, and the results of a substantial case study, a security policy for a national electronic health record system, based on the requirements for the ongoing UK National Health Service procurement exercise. Cassandra policies are expressed in a language based on Datalog with constraints. The expressiveness of the language (and its computational complexity) can be tuned by choosing an appropriate constraint domain. Cassandra is role-based; it supports credential-based access control (e.g. between administrative domains); and rules can refer to remote policies (for automatic credential retrieval and trust negotiation). Moreover, the policy language is small, and it has a formal semantics for query evaluation and for the access control engine. For the case study we choose a constraint domain C/sub 0/ that is sufficiently expressive to encode many policy idioms. The case study turns out to require many subtle variants of these; it is important to express this variety smoothly, rather than add them as ad hoc features. By ensuring only a constraint compact fragment of C/sub 0/ is used, we guarantee a finite and computable fixed-point model. We use a top-down evaluation algorithm, for efficiency and to guarantee termination. The case study (with some 310 rules and 58 roles) demonstrates that this language is expressive enough for a real-world application; preliminary results suggest that the performance should be acceptable.
Embedded reconfigurable array targeting motion estimation applications (2003)

Motion estimation is a complex computation found in video compression algorithms, such as standards like MPEG-4 and H.263. This paper proposes an embedded reconfigurable array for low-power and high-throughput implementations of motion estimators. This array is part of a heterogeneous SoC platform with multiple processors and computational elements. The embedded reconfigurable array targets multimedia and low-power system-on-chip applications, such as future mobile devices. We provide results which demonstrate a 75% reduction in power consumption in addition to improvements in timing and area over standard FPGA architectures.
Topical Minoxidil in the Treatment of Male Pattern Alopecia (1987)

Male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) is a common problem. In fact, it affects nearly all males to some degree. Expression of the disorder is variable, and while it is never life-threatening, it often becomes a major source of consternation. The biology of the process is poorly understood, and no current therapy can halt or reverse the process. Only cosmetic surgery, which is painful, time consuming, and expensive, has been effective. In the past 7 years, since it was noted that a patient taking minoxidil for hypertension had reversal of male pattern hair loss, awareness of a possible therapeutic role for topical minoxidil in the management of this disorder has grown among physicians, scientists, and the general public. It can be concluded from available data that topical application of minoxidil is effective in providing cosmetically satisfying thickening of hair in a select group of individuals with male pattern hair loss. The drug's mechanism of action remains obscure. No serious side effects have been demonstrated with its use, however, and it is therefore advised in selected patients.
Targeted Expression of IGF‐1 Transgene to Skeletal Muscle Accelerates Muscle and Motor Neuron Regeneration (2002)

Currently, there is no known medical treatment that hastens the repair of damaged nerve and muscle. Using IGF-1 transgenic mice that specifically express human recombinant IGF-1 in skeletal muscle, we test the hypotheses that targeted gene expression of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle enhances motor nerve regeneration after a nerve crush injury. The IGF-1 transgene affects the initiation of the muscle repair process after nerve injury as shown by increased activation of SCA-1positive myogenic stem cells. Increased satellite cell differentiation and proliferation are observed in IGF-1 transgenic mice, shown by increased expression of Cyclin D1, MyoD, and myogenin. Expression of myogenin and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits, initially increased in both wild-type and IGF-1 transgenic mice, are restored to normal levels at a faster rate in IGF-1 transgenic mice, which indicates a rescue of nerve-evoked muscle activity. Expression of the IGF-1 transgene in skeletal muscle results in accelerated recovery of saltatory nerve conduction, increased innervation as detected by neurofilament expression, and faster recovery of muscle mass. These studies demonstrate that local expression of IGF-1 augments the repair of injured nerve and muscle.
Combining Marketing and Engineering Tools for Multi-Attribute Optimization (2007)

Multidisciplinary design optimization has been an active topic of research in the past two decades in developing algorithms for reducing computational cost of re-analysis and also in developing efficient ways of calculating sensitivities. Most of the efforts were aimed at single objective function (attribute). Also very little work is done to include designer’s preferences inside the optimization. In this paper, conjoint analysis, a popular marketing technique to assess consumer preferences is used to involve the preferences of the designer. The optimization is driven by the designer’s preferences and a preferred design is obtained. Here, a novel way of combining tools from marketing and engineering is shown. A cantilever beam, and a composite lightweight torpedo are used as examples to demonstrate the method.
An improved standard specimen for alignment of electron microscopes (1967)

When tin is vacuum-evaporated on to carbon substrates, highly circular microscopic particles are formed. We have found them to be more satisfactory for electron microscope alignment at high accelerating voltages than the commonly used `holey' carbon films or carbon-black particles.
Use of polypharmacy and self-reported mood in outpatients with bipolar disorder (2005)

Objective. As polypharmacy is routinely used for the treatment of bipolar disorder, the relation between the daily number of psychotropic medications and self-reported mood was investigated. Method. Eighty patients (35 men and 45 women) with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder I or II, recruited from academic centres, entered their mood, sleep, and psychotropic medications for 3 months into ChronoRecord software. A total of 8662 days of data was received (mean 114.7 days/per patient). Results. Seventy-nine patients took a mean of 3.8 medications daily (SD 1.7; range 1-9); one took none. Of these patients, 73 (92.4%) took mood stabilizers, 47 (58.8%) took antidepressants, 31 (38.8%) took antipsychotics, 34 (42.5%) took benzodiazepines and 17 (21.1%) took thyroid hormones. Patients reporting normal mood more frequently took fewer medications; the Pearson correlation coefficient between the number of medications and the percent of days normal was -0.481 (P < 0.001). Grouping by number of medications, ANOVA analysis showed those taking fewer medications reported normal mood more frequently (P<0.001). Conclusion. Combination treatment regimens are routinely prescribed for bipolar disorder. Patients reporting normal mood more frequently took a fewer number of daily medications. Studies are needed to better identify those patients who would benefit from polypharmacy and to optimise the combinations of medications for patients with refractory disorder.
Styrenation of castor oil and linseed oil by macromer method (2000)

In this study a novel macromer technique has been described for the styrenation of triglyceride oils. Macromers were prepared through the interesterification of castor oil with linseed oil followed by esterification with acrylic acid. In this preparation various castor oil/linseed oil ratios were applied to obtain a macromer which gave a copolymer with good film properties after copolymerization with styrene. Macromers were styrenated at 100°C using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The styrenation leads to improved film properties with the related interesterification product although castor oil is a non-drying oil.
Correlation dimension and integral do not predict epileptic seizures (2005)

Reports in the literature have indicated potential value of the correlation integral and dimension for prediction of epileptic seizures up to several minutes before electrographic onset. We apply these measures to over 2000 total hours of continuous electrocortiogram, taken from 20 patients with epilepsy, examine their sensitivity to quantifiable properties such as the signal amplitude and autocorrelation, and investigate the influence of embedding and filtering strategies on their performance. The results are compared against those obtained from surrogate time series. Our conclusion is that neither the correlation dimension nor the correlation integral has predictive power for seizures.
SUN-032 Exome Sequencing Reveals that Pathogenic RET Variants Occur at Higher Prevalence Than Previously Recognized: Data from a US Health System Biobank (2019)

Background: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 2 (MEN2) is an inherited endocrine disorder characterized by the development of pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and parathyroid neoplasia. MEN2 is autosomal dominant and occurs from activating missense variants in the RET proto-oncogene. The estimated prevalence of MEN2 is thought to be 1 per 30,000 in the general population, and although rare, the identification of MEN2 can aid with early screening and prevention for patients and their families. Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical manifestations of pathogenic RET variants in the multi-ethnic BioMe Biobank. Methods: We used exome sequencing and electronic health record (EHR) data from BioMe Biobank participants, who are recruited from primary care and specialty clinics across a single U.S. Health System. We evaluated exome sequence data from 30,000 BioMe participants for RET variants designated as pathogenic for MEN2 according to the clinical genetics database ClinVar. We reviewed EHR data for carriers of pathogenic RET variants. Results: In the BioMe Biobank, 5 ClinVar pathogenic variants were identified in the RET gene. Fifteen participants were heterozygous carriers of these variants; 5 were of self-reported African ancestry, 5 of Hispanic/Latino ancestry, 2 of European ancestry, and 3 of other or unknown ancestry. The age range of carriers was 23-78 years, and 60% were female. The estimated prevalence of pathogenic RET variant carriers in BioMe was ~1 in 2000. Based on EHRs, only 3 carriers (20%) were identified from usual clinical care as having the diagnosis of MEN2A. All 3 carriers with diagnosed MEN2A had the 10:43114500:T:C variant (rs75076352) and had a history of MTC and pheochromocytoma. One of the 3 carriers had a history of elevated parathyroid hormone levels and renal calculi without hypercalcemia. Two of the 3 carriers had a documented family history of MEN2A. Of the 12 pathogenic RET variant carriers without known MEN2, 9 (75%) were diagnosed with hypertension. 7 (58%) carried the 10:43119548:G:A variant (rs79658334). Of these 7 carriers, one had a thyroid nodule, three had autoimmune thyroid disease, one had an adrenal cortical adenoma with primary hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemic periodic paralysis, and two had no known endocrine conditions. Conclusions: These results from the BioMe Biobank reveal a higher prevalence of pathogenic RET variants than previously recognized. Carriers of pathogenic RET variants demonstrate highly variable expressivity for traits for which earlier diagnoses might improve outcomes; these findings have implications for cascade testing of family members. Genomic screening for pathogenic RET variants will likely improve our understanding of MEN2 on a more molecular basis.