gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Horizons for Conventional Lithium Ion Battery Technology (2014)

Secondary lithium ion battery technology has made deliberate, incremental improvements over the past four decades, providing sufficient energy densities to sustain a significant mobile electronic device industry. Because current battery systems provide ∼100-150 km of driving distance per charge, ∼5-fold improvements are required to fully compete with internal combustion engines that provide >500 km range per tank. Despite expected improvements, the authors believe that lithium ion batteries are unlikely to replace combustion engines in fully electric vehicles. However, high fidelity and safe Li ion batteries can be used in full EVs plus range extenders (e.g., metal air batteries, generators with ICE or gas turbines). This perspective article describes advanced materials and directions that can take this technology further in terms of energy density, and aims at delineating realistic horizons for the next generations of Li ion batteries. This article concentrates on Li intercalation and Li alloying electrodes, relevant to the term Li ion batteries.
Hessian-Laplace feature detector and Haar descriptor for image matching (2007)

In recent years feature matching using invariant features has gained significant importance due to its application in various recognition problems. Such techniques have enabled us to match images irrespective of various geometric and photometric transformations between images. The thesis being presented here focusses on developing such a feature matching technique which can be used to identify corresponding regions in images. A feature detection approach is proposed, which finds features that are invariant to image rotation and scaling, and are also robust to illumination changes. A description is computed for each feature using the local neighborhood around it and then acts as a unique identifier for the feature. These feature identifiers (or feature descriptors) are then used to identify point to point correspondences between images. A systematic comparison is made between this feature detector, and others that are described in the literature. Later in this work, we apply the feature matching technique developed here to perform image retrieval for panoramic images. Our objective here is to retrieve a panoramic image similar to a query image from a database. We show how such a retrieval task can be performed by giving results for both indoor and outdoor sequences.
Studies of some peculiar effects of temperature on molten high‐density polyethylene properties (1974)

Abstract Many HDPE samples show peculiar behavior of melt viscosity at low shear rate and melt strength at constant extrusion rate in a temperature region of about 200° to 250°C. It was found that the degree of the peculiarity of the behavior was affected by temperature, residence time at a temperature, the temperature rise rate, and the kind and quantities of additives. It was concluded that the peculiar effects were due to the crosslinking that a chemical reaction produced. An attempt was made to express the different behaviors of temperature dependence of melt viscosity among many HDPE samples by some simplified equations. It is suggested that both the peculiar changes with temperature of the melt viscosity and those of the melt strength may be produced by the same mechanism. The similarity of the phenomena between HDPE samples exposed to high temperatures and those crosslinked by γ‐rays was found. Finally, a possibility is discussed of predicting the processability of the resin and properties of final products before the processing operation.
Normalization Approaches for Removing Systematic Biases Associated with Mass Spectrometry and Label-Free Proteomics (2006)

Central tendency, linear regression, locally weighted regression, and quantile techniques were investigated for normalization of peptide abundance measurements obtained from high-throughput liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LC-FTICR MS). Arbitrary abundances of peptides were obtained from three sample sets, including a standard protein sample, two Deinococcus radiodurans samples taken from different growth phases, and two mouse striatum samples from control and methamphetamine-stressed mice (strain C57BL/6). The selected normalization techniques were evaluated in both the absence and presence of biological variability by estimating extraneous variability prior to and following normalization. Prior to normalization, replicate runs from each sample set were observed to be statistically different, while following normalization replicate runs were no longer statistically different. Although all techniques reduced systematic bias to some degree, assigned ranks among the techniques revealed that for most LC-FTICR-MS analyses linear regression normalization ranked either first or second. However, the lack of a definitive trend among the techniques suggested the need for additional investigation into adapting normalization approaches for label-free proteomics. Nevertheless, this study serves as an important step for evaluating approaches that address systematic biases related to relative quantification and label-free proteomics.
Optically active hydrocarbon polymers with aromatic side chains. III. Circular dichroism between 230 and 185 nm of the aromatic chromophore in high molecular weight hydrocarbons (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptically active hydrocarbon polymers with aromatic side chains. III. Circular dichroism between 230 and 185 nm of the aromatic chromophore in high molecular weight hydrocarbonsFrancesco Ciardelli, Piero Salvadori, Carlo Carlini, and Emo ChielliniCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 18, 6536–6538Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00773a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00773a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stabilization of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Nrdp1 by the Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP8 (2004)

Nrdp1 is a RING finger-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase that physically interacts with and regulates steady-state cellular levels of the ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases and has been implicated in the degradation of the inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein BRUCE. Here we demonstrate that the Nrdp1 protein undergoes efficient proteasome-dependent degradation and that mutations in its RING finger domain that disrupt ubiquitin ligase activity enhance stability. These observations suggest that Nrdp1 self-ubiquitination and stability could play an important role in regulating the activity of this protein. Using affinity chromatography, we identified the deubiquitinating enzyme USP8 (also called Ubpy) as a protein that physically interacts with Nrdp1. Nrdp1 and USP8 could be coimmunoprecipitated, and in transfected cells USP8 specifically bound to Nrdp1 but not cbl, a RING finger E3 ligase involved in ligand-stimulated epidermal growth factor receptor down-regulation. The USP8 rhodanese and catalytic domains mediated Nrdp1 binding. USP8 markedly enhanced the stability of Nrdp1, and a point mutant that disrupts USP8 catalytic activity destabilized endogenous Nrdp1. Our results indicate that Nrdp1 is a specific target for the USP8 deubiquitinating enzyme and are consistent with a model where USP8 augments Nrdp1 activity by mediating its stabilization.
Hemolysin of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Evokes Extensive Shedding of the Uroepithelium and Hemorrhage in Bladder Tissue within the First 24 Hours after Intraurethral Inoculation of Mice (2008)

Many uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains produce both hemolysin (Hly) and cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1), and the loci for these toxins are often linked. The conclusion that Hly and CNF1 contribute to urovirulence is supported by the results of epidemiological studies associating the severity of urinary tract infections (UTIs) with toxin production by UPEC isolates. Additionally, we previously reported that mouse bladders and rat prostates infected with UPEC strain CP9 exhibit a more profound inflammatory response than the organs from animals challenged with CP9cnf(1) and that CNF1 decreases the antimicrobial activities of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. More recently, we created an Hly mutant, CP9Delta hlyA(1)::cat, and showed that it was less hemolytic and destructive for cultured bladder cells than CP9 was. Here we evaluated the relative effects of mutations in hlyA(1) or cnf(1) alone or together on the pathogenicity of CP9 in a mouse model of ascending UTI. To do this, we constructed an hlyA(1)-complemented clone of CP9Delta hlyA(1)::cat and an hlyA(1) cnf(1) CP9 double mutant. We found that Hly had no influence on bacterial colonization of the bladder or kidneys in single or mixed infections with the wild type and CP9Delta hlyA(1)::cat but that it did provoke sloughing of the uroepithelium and bladder hemorrhage within the first 24 h after challenge. Finally, we confirmed that CNF1 expression induces bladder inflammation and, in particular, as shown in this study, submucosal edema. From these data, we speculate that Hly and CNF1 may be largely responsible for the signs and symptoms of cystitis in humans infected with toxigenic UPEC.
Raman spectra of hot-pressed boron suboxide (2011)

Despite hot pressing being the most popular method of consolidating B6O powder, the Raman spectrum of polycrystalline hot-pressed B6O was until now poorly understood. Yet, recent reports have contributed to the understanding of only high-pressure and high-temperature sintered B6O. Using an automated method for subtraction of the fluorescence background from Raman measurements, the first- and second-order Raman spectra of B6O and their dependence on the wavelength of the excitation line from a green Argon ion (Ar + ) laser are reported. Our results confirm the existence of observable highly resolved first- and second-order Raman modes measured at ambient conditions using a green Ar + ion laser as the source of excitation. We also extend our study to present a comparative analysis of our recovered first-order Raman spectra and previously reported first-order Raman spectra other α-rhombohedral boron type based ultra-hard boron-rich ceramic materials. The results show an overall good agreement.
Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov., two novel Burkholderia cepacia complex species from environmental and human sources (2015)

Nine Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria were isolated during environmental surveys for the ecological niche of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis, in the Northern Territory of Australia. They represented two multi-locus sequence analysis-based clusters, referred to as Bcc B and Bcc L. Three additional environmental and clinical Bcc B isolates were identified upon deposition of the sequences in the PubMLST database. Analysis of the concatenated nucleotide sequence divergence levels within both groups (1.4 and 1.9%, respectively) and towards established Bcc species (4.0 and 3.9%, respectively) demonstrated that the two taxa represented novel Bcc species. All 12 isolates were further characterized using 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence analysis, RAPD analysis, DNA base content determination, fatty acid methyl ester analysis and biochemical profiling. Analysis of recA gene sequences revealed a remarkable diversity within each of these taxa, but, together, the results supported the affiliation of the two taxa to the Bcc. Bcc B strains can be differentiated from most other Bcc members by the assimilation of maltose. Bcc L strains can be differentiated from other Bcc members by the absence of assimilation of N-acetylglucosamine. The names Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28156(T) ( = CCUG 65686(T)) and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28158(T) ( = CCUG 65687(T)) are proposed for Bcc B and Bcc L bacteria, respectively.
Podoplanin-Fc reduces lymphatic vessel formation in vitro and in vivo and causes disseminated intravascular coagulation when transgenically expressed in the skin (2010)

Podoplanin is a small transmembrane protein required for development and function of the lymphatic vascular system. To investigate the effects of interfering with its function, we produced an Fc fusion protein of its ectodomain. We found that podoplanin-Fc inhibited several functions of cultured lymphatic endothelial cells and also specifically suppressed lymphatic vessel growth, but not blood vessel growth, in mouse embryoid bodies in vitro and in mouse corneas in vivo. Using a keratin 14 expression cassette, we created transgenic mice that overexpressed podoplanin-Fc in the skin. No obvious outward phenotype was identified in these mice, but surprisingly, podoplanin-Fc-although produced specifically in the skin-entered the blood circulation and induced disseminated intravascular coagulation, characterized by microthrombi in most organs and by thrombocytopenia, occasionally leading to fatal hemorrhage. These findings reveal an important role of podoplanin in lymphatic vessel formation and indicate the potential of podoplanin-Fc as an inhibitor of lymphangiogenesis. These results also demonstrate the ability of podoplanin to induce platelet aggregation in vivo, which likely represents a major function of lymphatic endothelium. Finally, keratin 14 podoplanin-Fc mice represent a novel genetic animal model of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
On the Disappearing Boundary Between Digital, Physical, and Social Spaces (2017)

Boundaries play a critical role in the systems development process. In software engineering, boundaries are used to scope the real world problems that the software is required to address, and to scope the design solutions through which the software will meet its requirements. In security engineering, boundaries delimit the points at which assets may be legitimately accessed or the defences that attackers seek to breach. Cyber physical systems (CPS) add another set of boundaries that require consideration - the boundaries between the digital and the physical spaces that the CPS inhabit, as well as the boundaries with the social spaces in which such systems will operate. These boundaries have been the bedrock upon which developers build software, systems, and security capabilities. They help manage complexity of systems, organise their development, and manage their deployment. However, the views and behaviours of "end users" of CPS - legitimate or otherwise - do not always align with the separation of concerns embodied by such boundaries. Legitimate users, for example, may see a CPS as a single provider of services and functions, and may not find it useful to separate digital, physical, and social considerations. Similarly, malicious users may intentionally exploit the larger attack surfaces presented by a CPS, and actively exploit the design or accidental interplay between digital, physical, and social spaces. Thus, in a world of disappearing boundaries, there is sometimes what appears to be a conflicting need to make these boundaries visible and explicit. In our research work, we explore the development of software-intensive systems deployed in such a world, and set this against the development of secure, privacy-aware, forensics-ready systems, where boundaries need to be recognised and managed. We suggest some technical contributions that may contribute to addressing some of the research challenges in the area, including techniques for engineering adaptive software, collaborative security, and topology awareness. We contextualise our research in cyber-physical-social systems, which we argue provide research challenges to the community that go beyond any single technical discipline such as software or security engineering. Indeed we further argue, and demonstrate, that considerations of the interplay of security and human behaviour are fundamental to tackling some of the key challenges of developing secure cyber physical systems.
Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. 109. Macrocyclic inclusion complexes. Synthesis, x-ray structural analysis and formation of mono- and dinuclear transition metal complexes of dipyridino crown ethers (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of heterocyclic compounds. 109. Macrocyclic inclusion complexes. Synthesis, x-ray structural analysis and formation of mono- and dinuclear transition metal complexes of dipyridino crown ethersGeorge R. Newkome, Garry E. Keifer, Dalip K. Kohli, Yuan Jiao Xia, Frank R. Fronczek, and Gregory R. BakerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 21, 5105–5110Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00282a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views510Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (774 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Correction: Corrigendum: Polymorphisms in the Mannose-Binding Lectin Gene are Associated with Defective Mannose-Binding Lectin Functional Activity in Crohn’s Disease Patients (2016)

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 29636; published online: 12 July 2016; updated: 16 September 2016 .
Controlled-pH Tissue Cleanup Protocol for Signal Enhancement of Small Molecule Drugs Analyzed by MALDI-MS Imaging (2012)

The limit of detection of low-molecular weight compounds in tissue sections, analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), was significantly improved by employing sample washing using a pH-controlled buffer solution. The pH of the washing solutions were set at values whereby the target analytes would have low solubility. Washing the tissue sections in the buffered solution resulted in removal of endogenous soluble ionization-suppressing compounds and salts, while the target compound remained in situ with minor or no delocalization during the buffered washing procedure. Two pharmaceutical compounds (cimetidine and imipramine) and one new protease inhibitor compound were successfully used to evaluate the feasibility of the pH-controlled tissue washing protocol for MALDI-MSI. Enhancement in signal-to-noise ratio was achieved by a factor of up to 10.
Near-Infrared Plasmonic-Enhanced Solar Energy Harvest for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Reactions (2015)

We report a highly efficient photocatalyst comprised of Cu7S4@Pd heteronanostructures with plasmonic absorption in the near-infrared (NIR)-range. Our results indicated that the strong NIR plasmonic absorption of Cu7S4@Pd facilitated hot carrier transfer from Cu7S4 to Pd, which subsequently promoted the catalytic reactions on Pd metallic surface. We confirmed such enhancement mechanism could effectively boost the sunlight utilization in a wide range of photocatalytic reactions, including the Suzuki coupling reaction, hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, and oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Even under irradiation at 1500 nm with low power density (0.45 W/cm(2)), these heteronanostructures demonstrated excellent catalytic activities. Under solar illumination with power density as low as 40 mW/cm(2), nearly 80-100% of conversion was achieved within 2 h for all three types of organic reactions. Furthermore, recycling experiments showed the Cu7S4@Pd were stable and could retain their structures and high activity after five cycles. The reported synthetic protocol can be easily extended to other Cu7S4@M (M = Pt, Ag, Au) catalysts, offering a new solution to design and fabricate highly effective photocatalysts with broad material choices for efficient conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in an environmentally friendly manner.
Frontispiece: Handling (Nano)Silver as Antimicrobial Agent: Therapeutic Window, Dissolution Dynamics, Detection Methods and Molecular Interactions (2020)

Silver is a well-known antimicrobial and with the emergence of multiresistant bacteria it has come back into the focus of research; ionic as well as nano-sized silver have been studied in vitro and in vivo. The results are controversial, silver being discussed as the “silver bullet” or a “wolf in sheep's clothing”. This Review aims to give insight into the activity and mechanism of silver in biological media, be it in contact with bacteria or cells. For more details see the Review by K. M. Fromm et al. on page 10948 ff.
Particle Size Depression and Drag Reduction of Ice Slurry Treated with Combination Additives of Surfactants and Poly(vinyl alcohol) (2010)

Ice growth depression and drag reduction of ice slurries treated with a combination additive of cetyl dimethyl betaine (surfactant) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) have been investigated. From the results, it is found that the particle size becomes smaller when treated by the present surfactants compared with the corresponding result of each concentration of PVA. Additionally, particle growth depression can be observed due to a cooperative effect of surfactants, even in the case when PVA concentration was reduced to 4 g/l from 8.7 g/l, which was required in the case without surfactants. The present combination additives also cause drag reduction phenomena on the solution. Thus, the combination of surfactants and of PVA could be a promising candidate as additives for improvement of ice slurry fluidity.