gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Automated Skin Lesion Classification System (2011)

Melanoma skin cancer accounts for less than 5% of skin cancer cases but causes the most deaths due to skin cancer. Convenient automated diagnosis of skin lesions and melanoma recognition can greatly improve early detection of melanomas. This paper presents a prototype of an image-based automated melanoma recognition system on Android smart phones. The system consists of three major components: image segmentation, feature calculation, and classification. It is designed to run on a mobile device with a camera, such as a smart phone or a tablet PC. A skin lesion image is converted to a monochrome image for outline contour detection. Color and shape features of the lesion are extracted and used as input to a kNN classifier. Initial experimental result shows that the system is efficient and works well on well-lighted test images, achieving an average accuracy of 66.7%, with average malignant class recall/sensitivity of 60.7% and specificity of 80.5%.
Flooding and the Quantification of ‘Intangibles’ (1989)

ABSTRACT S ources of both systemic and parameter uncertinties in flood alleviation cost‐benefit analysis are discussed. Cost‐benefit analyses are assessments of the future effects of different scheme options; consequently, there are inherent uncertainties. The omission of consideration of some impacts as ‘intangibles’, because it has not been possible to measure them, is a form of systemic uncertainty. A significant omission in the past from flood alleviation cost‐benefit analyses has been the non‐monetary impacts of flooding upon households. It is shown that these impacts are both large and more important to the households affected than are the direct monetary losses.
Design of a novel cryogenic stiffness-compensated reactionless scan mechanism for the Fourier transform spectrometer of SPICA SAFARI instrument (2020)

The high spectral resolution mode of the SpicA FAR-infrared Instrument (SAFARI) is enabled by inserting a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), based on a Martin-Puplett interferometer, into the signal path of the instrument. The cryogenic mechanism (FTSM) enables linear scans of two back-to-back rooftop mirrors sharing a common apex. ABB Inc. is under contract with the Canadian Space Agency to develop and test at 4 K an FTSM Engineering Demonstration Unit (EDU) for TRL-5 demonstration. The main SAFARI FTSM performance drivers are the stringent mechatronic demands (position stability of roof-top mirrors &lt;10 nm RMS, &lt;34 mm linear stroke), severely constrained by a tight thermal budget (heat dissipation &lt;1.5 mW) under a specific micro-vibrations environment (30 &mu;g/&radic;Hz external), all at cryogenic temperatures (4 K). In this paper, we describe a novel cryogenic FTSM design using a reactionless and longstroke flexure-based 4-bar linkage with stiffness compensation. This 1-DOF mechanism passively controls the guiding of the roof-top mirrors with flex pivots while the axial scanning is actuated and controlled with a custom moving magnet actuator (MMA). Static and dynamic balancing of the FTSM ensures that low vibration levels are transferred to/from the FTSM baseplate, and compensation of the mechanism stiffness reduces the force and drive current required from the MMA by a factor &lt;10. Both features lead to MMA power consumption/dissipation &lt;1.5 mW. Results from an engineering analysis of a dynamic model developed for the FTSM EDU are discussed to assess the compliance of this design to the challenging cryogenic SAFARI FTSM performance requirements.
Alternative Sources of Pluripotent Stem Cells: Scientific Solutions to an Ethical Dilemma (2008)

Stem cell researchers in the United States have faced a quagmire of uncertainty due to multiple factors: the ethical divide over the use of embryos for research, the lack of clarity in federal guidelines governing this research, the restrictive patent situation surrounding the generation of new human embryonic stem (HES) cell lines; and the limits on types of research eligible for federal funding. In this commentary, we describe how recent advances in derivation of hES cell-like lines may allow at least some of these uncertainties to be resolved. More importantly, we suggest that the derivation of hES cell-like lines by morally acceptable methods would not only avoid the corrosive effects of a protracted ethical debate over stem cell research, but would also allow U.S. researchers to access federal funds and compete on a more level international playing field.
Measuring movement expertise in surgical tasks (2006)

Surgical movement is composed of discrete gestures that are combined to perform complex surgical procedures. A promising approach to objective surgical skill evaluation systems is kinematics and kinetic analysis of hand movement that yields a gesture level analysis of proficiency of a performed movement. In this paper, we propose a novel system that combines surgical gesture segmentation, surgical gesture recognition, and expertise analysis of surgical profiles in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Kinematic analysis was used to segment gestures from a continuous motion stream. Human anatomy driven Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are adopted for gesture recognition and expertise identification. When the proposed system was tested on a library of 200 samples for every basic surgical gesture, the gesture recognition module reported a perfect accuracy rate for the basic gestures, while the expertise identification module showed 94.7% accuracy.
Continuous-time LMS adaptive recursive filters (1991)

An approach for implementing continuous-time adaptive recursive filters is presented. The resulting filters should be capable of operating on much higher signal frequencies than their digital counterparts since no sampling is required. With respect to implementation problems, the effects of DC offsets are investigated and formulas derived so that these effects can be estimated and reduced. It is shown that the DC offset performance is strongly affected by the choice of structure for the adaptive filter. Experimental results from a discrete prototype are given where accurate adaption is observed and DC offset effects are compared to theoretical predictions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Physiocochemical studies on the interaction of irehdiamine A with bihelical DNA (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticlePhysiocochemical studies on the interaction of irehdiamine A with bihelical DNAJean Marie SaucierCite this: Biochemistry 1977, 16, 26, 5879–5889Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00645a036https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00645a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Perinatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections (1980)

Because of the relative paucity of data on the epidemiology and management of perinatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, the following recommendations represent the best current judgments of the Committees on Fetus and Newborn and Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics. HSV infection of the newborn is associated with a case fatality rate of 60% and at least half of the survivors have significant neurologic or ocular sequelae, or both. Approximately 75% of isolates from affected neonates are HSV-2 and 25% are HSV-1. Although preliminary data suggest that antiviral chemotherapy is effective in reducing mortality and morbidity resulting from neonatal HSV infections, measures designed to prevent infection of newborns are currently the most important means of controlling neonatal infections. A maternal source of infection can be found in about 90% of neonatal cases. Maternal HSV infection is usually caused by type 2 strains and involves the labia, cervix, and/or vagina. The majority of genital infections are asymptomatic and difficult to recognize on clinical examination, making identification of women whose infants are in jeopardy very difficult. EPIDEMIOLOGY Maternal Infection Primary HSV infection during pregnancy may be associated with spontaneous abortion, prematurity, and rarely with congenital anomalies. The risk of infection to the newborn appears to be the highest in primary genital infection of the pregnant woman, but is also high in recurrent infection. Women with a history of recurrent genital HSV infection, those with active disease during the current pregnancy, and those whose sexual partners have proven genital HSV infection should be monitored with virologic or cytologic studies, or both, at least twice during the last six weeks of pregnancy.
Augmenting SADT to develop computer support for cooperative work (2002)

Using the language-action perspective proposed by T. Winograd and F. Flores (1986), the author creates a general framework for both systems analysis and its practice. Structured analysis and design technique (SADT), a systems analysis methodology, is augmented using this framework. This work took place on the CONTRACT (commitment negotiation and tracking tool) project. The author includes the experiences of both users and systems analysts during the project, and emphasizes how to develop SADT descriptions with users to represent the richness and complexity of social interactions at work. The resulting software specification is also presented, including how it aided the work of the people who actually helped develop it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
New perspectives on the development of muscle contractures following central motor lesions (2016)

Muscle contractures are common in patients with central motor lesions, but the mechanisms responsible for the development of contractures are still unclear. Increased or decreased neural activation, protracted placement of a joint with the muscle in a short position and muscle atrophy have been suggested to be involved, but none of these mechanisms are sufficient to explain the development of muscle contractures alone. Here we propose that changes in tissue homeostasis in the neuromuscular-tendon-connective tissue complex is at the heart of the development of contractures, and that an integrated physiological understanding of the interaction between neural, mechanical and metabolic factors, as well as genetic and epigenetic factors, is necessary in order to unravel the mechanisms that result in muscle contractures. We hope thereby to contribute to a reconsideration of how and why muscle contractures develop in a way which will open a window towards new insight in this area in the future.
129 Resonance avoidance of the variable geometry truss using high redundancy (2009)

This research addresses the optimized motion plans for the variable geometry truss (VGT) in order to avoid the resonant vibration while the VGT moves a target payload from one point to another as a space manipulator. The VGT has high redundancy and can change its shape variously. The natural frequency of the VGT is also changed by the geometry of the VGT. We assume that sinusoidal excitation force is generated by the payload such as trouble satellite during the manipulation, and it can cause the resonant vibration. It is shown that the otimized manipulation clearly reduces the amplitude of vibration by avoiding the resonant vibration.
Bone scintigraphy and radiology in untreated Paget's disease (1985)

This study is based on 107 patients with untreated Paget's disease of bone. Scintigraphy was performed 3 hours after 20 mCi Tc-99m-Sn-EHDP, using a Toshiba 204 or 404 gamma camera. In each patient multiple spot films of the total skeleton were made and evaluated according to a six-point scale. Moreover, in 42 patients the ratio of uptake in a lesion over comparable normal bone was measured using an MDS Trinary computer. Radiographs were made only of affected parts and evaluated according to a three-point scale. In 59 (16%) of the 373 lesions found on the scintigam no radiographic abnormalities were found. These roentgen-negative lesions generally show rather low scintigraphic uptake and are mostly asymptomatic. There exists a clear correlation between scintigraphic uptake and radiological deformity: the scintigraphic scores 5 and 6 occur in only 24% of the ro-grade 1 lesions, but in 65% of the grade 3 lesions; after computer evaluation the mean ratio in grade 1 and 3 lesions is 3.0 and 6.5 resp. (p<0.01). There also appears to be a correlation between scint. uptake and symptomatology: typical Pagetic pain is present in 10% of scint. score 2 and 3 lesions, but in 40% of score 5 and 6more » lesions; the mean computer measured scint. ratio is 4.0 for asymptomatic and 7.5 for painful lesions (p<0.001).« less
In-transit ripening of mango fruit: concepts and considerations (2017)

Refrigerated containers are used to transport mangoes over long distances. In Australia, mangoes grown in northern tropical production areas for the domestic market are transported by road and/or rail for up to 4000 km to southern ripening centres. There is no other viable option for growers to ripen their fruit. A current project is investigating sustained ethylene release systems for ripening mango fruit in road transport containers over an in-transit period of up to 4 days. This approach could potentially provide an alternative cost-effective ripening strategy for the mango industry. Studies have been and will be performed using shipments of 'B74' and 'Honey Gold' mango fruit, respectively, in refrigerated road containers. In-container environment monitoring, fruit shelf life and quality evaluation at outturn are carried out. Corresponding laboratory experiments that simulate transit are also to be conducted with a view to modelling mango fruit responses to in-transit conditions.
Pionen in der Tumortherapie (1992)

Abstract Am Paul‐Scherrer‐Institut sind in den letzten zehn Jahren am 590‐MeV‐Protonenbeschleuniger fast 500 Patienten mit negativen Pionen behandelt worden. In einem interdisziplinären Projekt wurde eine neuartige dynamische Bestrahlungstechnik entwickelt, zu der die Therapieplanung, die dosimetrischen Überprüfungsmethoden und die Lagerungs‐ und Fixierungstechniken für die Patienten gehören. Die gewonnenen Erfahrungen werden in die Entwicklung einer kliniktauglichen Protonentherapie einfließen.
Bee Hive Monitor (2019)

This paper will cover a project for a device that will monitor a beehive and give a status of the health and productivity of the hive to the beekeeper. Bee keeping is a very large industry with approximately 2.44 million bee colonies in the US. Bees are vital to our food supply. The value of pollination by bees in the US alone is estimated to be worth $16 billon. A phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has brought significant loss to honeybee colonies. If a hive experiences CCD most of the bees will leave the hive for no apparent reason. It is imperative to understand a hive's health and activities for a beekeeper to take care of the bees effectively. The system in this paper takes readings from inside the hive such as temperature, humidity, and noise. A camera is mounted on the outside of the hive to monitor bee activity and keep track of the activity at the beehive entrance. All this data is interpreted by algorithms that alert the beekeeper on the health of the hive. Some of these algorithms use machine learning to determine the health of the hive. This paper reviews various project currently in the market for beehive monitoring as well as a literature review of some of the research in bee monitoring systems.
Coldmass for LHC Dipole Insertion Magnets (1997)

Abstracf-Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is build-ing a number of magnets for the insertion regions of the Large Hadron Collider &amp;amp;HC). This paper presents the magnetic de-sign and the expected field quality in 2-in-1 dipole magnets. A unique feature of this coldmass design is the use of an oblate-shaped yoke. This concept permits a variety of BNL-built mag-nets to have a similar overall design and allows the LHC main dipole cryostat, post, etc., to be used in these magnets. The pro-posed oblate-shaped yoke also offers a way to reduce the overall cryostat size in future magnets. The dipoles will use the same 80 mm aperture coils as used in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC!) dipole magnets, but will use stainless steel collars. The design presented here is still evolving and the magnets may be built differently than described here.
UNUSUAL 232Th AND 238U CONTAMINATION ON SOME ROAD SURFACES IN TAOYUAN, TAIWAN (2001)

At least eight bustling streets or approximately 3-5% of all the road surface of civilian utility in the downtown area of Taoyuan City, Taiwan, were inadvertently found to contain unusual levels of radioactivity during a routine environmental radiation surveillance in mid-1994. Crushed rock debris and coarse sands separated from the asphalt pavement were identified to be the source of excessive radioactivity. By employing gamma spectrometry, we have measured 232Th activity (via 228Ac) and mU activity (via 214Bi) in some of the samples to be up to about 4,000 and 1,000 Bq kg(-1), respectively. The dose rate on the road surface reached about 1.3 microSv h(-1), as compared with the background level of 0.08 microSv h(-1) in much of Taiwan. This unusual radioactivity was due to accidental mixing of road construction materials with materials enriched 232Th and 238U.
Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase-L1 Protects Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator from Early Stages of Proteasomal Degradation (2010)

DeltaF508 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) degradation involves ubiquitin modification and efficient proteasomal targeting of the nascent misfolded protein. We show that a deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), is highly expressed in cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that the elevation in UCH-L1 in CF cells represents a cellular adaptation to counterbalance excessive proteasomal degradation. The bronchial epithelial cell lines IB3-1 (CF, high UCH-L1 expression) and S9 (non-CF, low UCH-L1 expression) were transiently transfected with wild type (WT) or DeltaF508 CFTR, WT UCH-L1 or small interfering RNA-UCH-L1, and a variety of ubiquitin mutants. We observed a positive correlation between UCH-L1 expression and steady state levels of WT- or DeltaF508-CFTR, and this stabilizing effect was confined to the early stages of CFTR synthesis. Immunolocalization of UCH-L1 by confocal microscopy revealed a partial co-localization with a ribosomal subunit and the endoplasmic reticulum. The UCH-L1-associated increase in CFTR levels was correlated with an increase in ubiquitinated CFTR (CFTR-Ub). Co-transfection with mutant ubiquitins and treatment with proteasome inhibitors suggested that UCH-L1 was reducing the proteasomal targeting of CFTR during synthesis by shortening conjugated polyubiquitin chains. Although not sufficient by itself to rescue mutant CFTR therapeutically, the elevation of UCH-L1 and its effect on CFTR processing provides insight into its potential roles in CF and other diseases.
Management of residual cranial vault deformities. (1992)

The aims of calvarial reconstruction are to restore anesthetic contour and to provide protection for the underlying central nervous system structures. The authors present their algorithm of reconstructive options. Important considerations are the anatomic location of the defect and the duration since the original injury.
Enabling quantitative shear wave elastography in conventional optical coherence tomography in vivo (2023)

Existing conventional OCT systems lack the ability to robustly measure biomechanical contrast. While many wave-based elastography methods have been developed for imaging stiffness, they also have limitations that make adaptation to imaging in vivo infeasible. While passive elastography doesn’t require coherence, we also cannot derive quantitative mechanical properties without it. Similarly, it been assumed that reverberant elastography also requires coherence. However, through benchtop raster-scanning and balloon catheter radially-scanning OCT, we demonstrate that it is possible to adapt reverberant elastography for unsynchronized, free-running excitation to obtain cross-sectional shear wave elastography at speeds compatible with in vivo applications.
An epidemiologic study of anhidrosis in horses in Florida (2010)

OBJECTIVE-To estimate prevalence of and identify factors associated with anhidrosis in horses in Florida. Design-Cross-sectional study and case-control study. ANIMALS-4,620 horses on 500 farms. PROCEDURES-A questionnaire was structured and mailed to farm owners or managers to obtain information related to diagnosis of anhidrosis in horses and exposure factors associated with this condition. The frequency of investigated farm- and animal-level factors was compared between farms and horses affected and not affected with anhidrosis, respectively. RESULTS-The prevalence of anhidrosis was 11% at the farm level and 2% at the animal level. The odds of anhidrosis were 2.13 and 4.40 times as high in farms located in central and southern Florida, respectively, compared with odds for farms in northern Florida. The odds of anhidrosis were 5.26 and 15.40 times as high in show and riding instruction operations, respectively, compared with odds for ranch operations. At the animal level, breed (Thoroughbreds and warmblood horses), foaling place (western or midwestern region of the United States), and family history of anhidrosis were significantly associated with anhidrosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-This study provides new information on the prevalence of and factors for anhidrosis in horses in Florida. Horses with a family history of anhidrosis should be examined by a veterinarian for diagnosis of this condition before they are exposed to exercise in a hot and humid climate.
Ectopic expression of lunatic Fringe leads to downregulation of Serrate‐1 in the developing chick neural tube; analysis using in ovo electroporation transfection technique (1998)

Lunatic Fringe (l-Fng) is one of the vertebrate homologues of Drosophila Fringe, which interacts with the Notch signal pathway and regulates activation of the Notch ligands, Delta and Serrate. To elucidate the roles of l-Fng in vertebrate neurogenesis, we transfected chick l-Fng (C-l-Fng) to chick neural tube using the in ovo electroporation technique and examined the subsequent changes in expression of Notch-related genes. We observed downregulation of C-Serrate-1 by ectopic C-l-Fng expression which implied that C-l-Fng acts on the vertebrate Notch pathway to regulate the expression of its ligand.