gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alpha adrenergic contributions to dysrhythmia during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in cats. (1980)

Alpha compared to beta adrenergic contributions to dysrhythmias induced by left anterior descending coronary occlusion and by reperfusion were assessed in chloralose-anesthetized cats (n = 96). Alpha receptor blockade with either phentolamine or prazosin significantly reduced the number of premature ventricular complexes during coronary reperfusion (321 +/- 62-14 +/- 10 premature ventricular complexes, P less than 0.001), abolished early ventricular fibrillation (from 25% in controls to 0%), and prevented the increase in idioventricular rate seen with coronary reperfusion. However, beta-receptor blockade was without effect. Ventricular dysrhythmias induced by coronary occlusion alone (without reperfusion) were attenuated markedly by alpha-receptor blockade under conditions in which perfusion (measured with radiolabeled microspheres) within ischemic zones was not affected. Alternative sympatholytic interventions including pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine to deplete myocardial norepinephrine from 8.8 +/- 1.4 to 0.83 +/- 0.2 ng/mg protein and render the heart unresponsive to tyramine (120 microgram/kg) attenuated dysrhythmias induced by both coronary occlusion and reperfusion in a fashion identical to that seen with alpha-receptor blockade. Although efferent sympathetic activation induced by left stellate nerve stimulation increased idioventricular rate from 66 +/- 6 to 144+/- 7 beats/min (P less than 0.01) before coronary occlusion, this response was blocked by propranolol but not by phentolamine. In contrast, during reperfusion the increase in idioventricular rate induced by left stellate nerve stimulation (to 203 +/- 14) was not inhibited by propranolol but was abolished by phentolamine (79 +/- 10). Intracoronary methoxamine (0.1 microM) in animals depleted of myocardial catecholamines by 6-hydroxydopamine pretreatment did not affect idioventricular rate before coronary occlusion. However, early after coronary reperfusion, methoxamine increased idioventricular rate from 33 +/- 7 to 123 +/- 21 beats/min (P less than 0.01). Thus, enhanced alpha-adrenergic responsiveness occurs during myocardial ischemia and appears to be primary mediator of the electrophysiological derangements and resulting malignant dysrhythmias induced by catecholamines during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
Multi-Task Learning for Spatio-Temporal Event Forecasting (2015)

Spatial event forecasting from social media is an important problem but encounters critical challenges, such as dynamic patterns of features (keywords) and geographic heterogeneity (e.g., spatial correlations, imbalanced samples, and different populations in different locations). Most existing approaches (e.g., LASSO regression, dynamic query expansion, and burst detection) are designed to address some of these challenges, but not all of them. This paper proposes a novel multi-task learning framework which aims to concurrently address all the challenges. Specifically, given a collection of locations (e.g., cities), we propose to build forecasting models for all locations simultaneously by extracting and utilizing appropriate shared information that effectively increases the sample size for each location, thus improving the forecasting performance. We combine both static features derived from a predefined vocabulary by domain experts and dynamic features generated from dynamic query expansion in a multi-task feature learning framework; we investigate different strategies to balance homogeneity and diversity between static and dynamic terms. Efficient algorithms based on Iterative Group Hard Thresholding are developed to achieve efficient and effective model training and prediction. Extensive experimental evaluations on Twitter data from four different countries in Latin America demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Pivotal Role of CCR1-Positive Leukocytes in Bleomycin- Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice (2000)

We have investigated the involvement of chemokine receptor CCR1-positive cells in bleomycin-induced lung injury, a model of pulmonary fibrosis. After bleomycin challenge in C57BL/6J mice, the expression of CCR1 mRNA increased and peaked at day 7, which paralleled to the expression of its ligands, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha and RANTES. Immunohistochemical study showed that CCR1-positive cells accumulated in the interstitial inflammatory site. Furthermore, the treatment of anti-CCR1 Ab significantly reduced the accumulation of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition, resulting in dramatic improvement of survival. These results suggest that CCR1-positive cells play significant roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis subsequent to bleomycin-induced lung injury, and that CCR1 could be a novel molecular target for intervention therapy against pulmonary fibrosis.
Liver X Receptor Agonists as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis (2003)

The recent identification of liver X receptors (LXR) as regulators of the cholesterol and phospholipid export pump ABCA1 has raised the possibility that LXR agonists could be developed as HDL-raising agents, possibly also acting on the artery wall to stimulate cholesterol efflux from lipid-laden macrophages. Presently several pharmaceutical companies are working to develop such compounds, which will require finding a path for separating these beneficial effects from the detrimental stimulation of triglyceride synthesis also inherent to LXR agonists. Other challenges to the drug development process include species differences, which makes prediction of in vivo effects of LXR agonists in humans difficult. This review summarizes the present state of knowledge on LXR as a drug target and discusses possible solutions for dissociating the favorable effects of LXR agonists from their unwanted effects.
Conjugation and evaluation of 7E3 x P4B6, a chemically crosslinked bispecific F(ab')2 antibody which inhibits platelet aggregation and localizes tissue plasminogen activator to the platelet surface (1992)

A bispecific F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody which recognizes both the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor and human tissue plasminogen activator was produced to target tPA to platelets for enhancement of thrombolysis. A stable, thioether-cross-linked bispecific F(ab')2 (7E3 X P4B6) combining the GPIIb/IIIa-specific monoclonal antibody 7E3, which inhibits platelet aggregation, and a nonneutralizing anti-tPA monoclonal antibody (P4B6) was produced. This was performed by coupling each of the parental Fab' moieties with the homobifunctional cross-linker bis(maleimido methyl) ether (BMME). 7E3 X P4B6 was sequentially purified using gel-filtration chromatography and hydrophobic interaction (HIC) HPLC. HIC was shown to completely resolve each of the parental F(ab')2 species from the bispecific one. 7E3 X P4B6 was shown to retain completely each of the parental immunoreactivities in GPIIb/IIIa and tPA binding EIA's. The bispecific antibody inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro at levels comparable to those for 7E3 Fab. Recruitment of tPA activity to washed human platelets was demonstrated using the S-2251 chromogenic substrate assay. 7E3 X P4B6 recruited 12-fold more tPA to the washed platelets than a mixture of the parental F(ab')2 molecules used as controls.
Intergenic disease-associated regions are abundant in novel transcripts (2017)

This resource of previously unreported transcripts in disease-associated regions ( http://gwas-captureseq.dingerlab.org ) should provide an important starting point for the translational community in search of novel biomarkers, disease mechanisms, and drug targets.
Author Correction: Hydrogen-based metabolism as an ancestral trait in lineages sibling to the Cyanobacteria (2019)

The original version of this Article contained errors in Fig. 4. In panel a, the labels 'F420-reducing NiFe hydrogenase (group 3a)' and 'Group 2 NiFe hydrogenase' were misplaced. These errors have been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Marek's Disease Vaccines in Broilers (2016)

SUMMARY The efficacies of trivalent (Md11/75C + SB-1 + HVT), bivalent (SB-1 + HVT), and turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccines against Marek's disease (MD) were compared in commercial broiler flocks in four trials involving 11 farm locations and 486,300 chickens. In all four trials, chickens receiving polyvalent vaccines had lower leukosis (MD) condemnation rates than chickens vaccinated with HVT alone; when data were summarized for each vaccine type in each trial, condemnation rates for the bivalent- or trivalent-vaccinated groups were 56-96% (mean 78%) lower than those for HVT-vaccinated chickens. Polyvalent vaccination was clearly more efficacious than HVT in 8 of 11 individual farms, although it did not always reduce leukosis condemnations to acceptable levels. Body weights of chickens vaccinated with polyvalent vaccines did not differ consistently from those vaccinated with HVT. Chickens inoculated with the trivalent vaccine had slightly lower overall leukosis condemnation rates (0.24%) than those inoculated with the bivalent vaccine (0.45%) in trials 1-3, where direct comparisons were made. Bivalent vaccines containing either 1,500 or 200 plaque-forming units of SB-1 virus were equally effective; thus, HVT may need to be supplemented with only small amounts of SB-1 to obtain the benefits of protective synergism. SB-1 virus did not appear to carry over from polyvalent-vaccinated flocks to subsequent HVT-vaccinated flocks in the same houses, even when old litter was used.
Primary amines from lignocellulose by direct amination of alcohol intermediates, catalyzed by RANEY® Ni (2022)

Primary amines are crucially important building blocks for the synthesis of a wide range of industrially relevant products. Our comprehensive catalytic strategy presented here allows diverse primary amines from lignocellulosic biomass to be sourced in a straightforward manner and with minimal purification effort. The core of the methodology is the efficient RANEY® Ni-catalyzed hydrogen-borrowing amination (with ammonia) of the alcohol intermediates, namely alkyl-phenol derivatives as well as aliphatic alcohols, obtained through the two-stage <i>LignoFlex</i> process<i>.</i> Hereby the <b><i>first stage</i></b> entails the copper-doped porous metal oxide (Cu20PMO) catalyzed reductive catalytic fractionation (<b>RCF</b>) of pine lignocellulose into a crude bio-oil, rich in dihydroconiferyl alcohol (<b>1G</b>), which could be converted into dihydroconiferyl amine (<b>1G amine</b>) in high selectivity using ammonia gas, by applying our selective amination protocol. Notably also, the crude <b>RCF</b>-oil directly afforded <b>1G amine</b> in a high 4.6 wt% isolated yield (based on lignin content). Finally it was also shown that the here developed Ni-catalysed heterogeneous catalytic procedure was equally capable of transforming a range of aliphatic linear/cyclic primary/secondary alcohols - available from the <b><i>second stage</i></b> of the <i>LignoFlex</i> procedure - into their respective primary amines.
Welcome from the program co-chairs (2009)

In putting the program together, we asked twelve outstanding researchers in diverse fields to organize invited sessions for the workshop. These organizers solicited contributions from renowned colleagues in their respective fields, and upon acceptance they achieved an impressive turnout of up to nine papers per session. We are indebted to these colleagues for their time, efforts, and expertise. We also received 59 submissions of regular papers, out of which 28 were accepted and are included in five additional regular sessions. We are very thankful to all of the 19 members of our Technical Program Committee for their responsiveness and proficiency in reviewing the regular papers. Almost all the submissions had three peer-reviews; this was instrumental in selecting the best papers for inclusion in the program. The papers in the invited sessions were mostly peerreviewed by participants of the same sessions, where each paper received at least two anonymous reviews. We are therefore grateful to the participants of the invited sessions too, not only for their valuable contributions to the sessions, but also for their assistance in reviewing other papers. Their reviews undoubtedly helped improve the quality of the invited papers.
Employing New Cellular Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimers Disease: A Change for the Better? (2005)

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder that results in the loss of cognitive function and memory. Although traditionally defined by the presence of extracellular plaques of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, more recent work has begun to focus on elucidating the complexities of Alzheimer's disease that involve the generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Apoptotic processes that are incurred as a function of oxidative stress affect neuronal, vascular, and monocyte derived cell populations. In particular, it is the early apoptotic induction of cellular membrane asymmetry loss that drives inflammatory microglial activation and subsequent neuronal and vascular injury. In this article, we discuss the role of novel cellular pathways that are invoked during oxidative stress and may potentially mediate apoptotic injury in Alzheimer's disease. Ultimately, targeting new avenues for the development of therapeutic strategies linked to mechanisms that involve inflammatory microglial activation, cellular metabolism, cell-cycle regulation, G-protein regulated receptors, and cytokine modulation may provide fruitful gains for both the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Translating Navigation Instructions in Natural Language to a High-Level Plan for Behavioral Robot Navigation (2018)

We propose an end-to-end deep learning model for translating free-form natural language instructions to a high-level plan for behavioral robot navigation. We use attention models to connect information from both the user instructions and a topological representation of the environment. We evaluate our model's performance on a new dataset containing 10,050 pairs of navigation instructions. Our model significantly outperforms baseline approaches. Furthermore, our results suggest that it is possible to leverage the environment map as a relevant knowledge base to facilitate the translation of free-form navigational instruction.
Fluoride and the Oral Environment (2011)

This volume brings together current concepts relating to the use of fluoride in dentistry. In contributions written by expert authors, data from this large and complex field have been assembled into a clear sequence and presented in a lucid fashion. The first section deals with the sources of fluoride intake and its metabolism, in order to fully
Temporary Resistive Switching Effect in Cu<sub>2</sub>O Based Heterostructure (2013)

We report a temporary resistive switching (RS) behavior of Cu2O based heterostructure. The Cu2O films were deposited by PLD method under different oxygen pressure (10-2 Pa and 10Pa). The results show that the RS performance of Cu2O (10Pa) is better than that of Cu2O (10-2 Pa). The Cu2O (10Pa) based heterostructure shows high resistive switching ratio of over 103 at read voltage of -0.5V after applied 3V/-5V pulse voltages. Moreover, the resistance states could be switched reversibly among multilevel resistance states by changing the magnitude of set or reset pulse voltages. It is demonstrated that the RS mechanism agrees with the carrier injection-trapped/detrapped process at the interface.
Supplementary Data from Establishment of Patient-Derived Succinate Dehydrogenase–Deficient Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Models for Predicting Therapeutic Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Contains supplementary figure legends&lt;/p&gt;
Stinging and Rosacea (1999)

A total of 32 rosacea patients (25 with the papulopustular type of rosacea and 7 with the erythematotelangiectatic type) and 32 healthy persons were single-blind tested with a solution of 5% lactic acid and pure water applied to their cheeks. Twenty-four patients and 6 controls reacted positively as "stingers" (p<0.001) in this objective test of sensitive skin. All 7 of the patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, but only 17/25 with the papulopustular type, were stingers (n.s.). The reason why some patients react with subjective symptoms, such as itching, burning, stinging, prickling or tingling, is unclear. The findings in this study are not surprising, but do support the theory that impairment due to different stimuli, most likely because of vascular sensitivity, is a central mechanism in the aetiology of rosacea. The correlation between sensitive vessels and sensitive skin has, however, not yet been determined.
Biofilms: An ESEM evaluation of artifacts introduced during SEM preparation (1991)

Descriptions of biofilms and their elemental compositions based on scanning electron micrographs and energy dispersive x-ray analysis cannot be related to the original condition of the biofilm on the surface. Solvent replacement of water removes extracellular polymeric material and reduces the concentration of elements bound within the biofilm. In the wet state, bacteria and microalgae are enmeshed in a gelatinous film that is either removed or dried to a thin inconspicuous residue during sample preparation for scanning electron microscopy. The environmental scanning electron microscope provides a fast, accurate image of biofilms, their spatial relationship to the substratum and elemental composition.
Tandem Cycloaddition-Cyclopentannulation Processes of 2-Aminobuta-1,3-dienes and Fischer Alkynylcarbene Complexes as a Tool for the Preparation of Complex Polycyclic Scaffolds (1998)

This letter describes a convenient one-pot four-step cascade reaction of 2-aminodienes and vinyl substituted alkynyl carbene complexes that produces complex polycyclic molecules in a stereoselective manner.
Computer Analysis of Spinal Segment Motion in Degenerative Disc Disease With and Without Axial Loading (1984)

The center of rotation of the spinal motion segment is an indicator of spinal instability. However, the motion segment does not move about a single fixed axis of rotation, but rather a locus of instantaneous axes of rotation, the centrode. This paper studies centrodes in various stages of degenerative disc disease comparing them with normal spines. Computer analysis is undertaken in 47 cadaveric spines, 22 of which also were evaluated with axial loading. The normal centrode fell within the posterior half of the disc space and averaged 21 mm in ten specimens. In the earliest stages of degenerative disc disease, the centrode lengths increased significantly (average 116 mm). Specimens with moderate disc degeneration also migrated inferiorly into the L5 vertebra. Axial loading did not appear to influence the centrode lengths or position. This technique is highly sensitive, detecting 94% of the abnormal spines as compared with only 25% detected by means of measuring an excessive range of motion on flexion and extension radiographs. This method provides a highly reliable and quantifiable method of detecting early changes in spinal motion in degenerative disc disease prior to the well recognized radiographic abnormalities.
Crystallization and degradation behaviour of multiblock copolyester blends in Langmuir monolayers (2021)

Abstract Supporting the wound healing of soft tissues requires fixation devices becoming more elastic while degrading. To address this unmet need, we designed a blend of degradable multiblock copolymers, which is cross-linked by PLA stereocomplexation combining two soft segments differing substantially in their hydrolytic degradation rate. The degradation path and concomitant structural changes are predicted by Langmuir monolayer technique. The fast hydrolysis of one soft segment leads to a decrease of the total polymer mass at constant physical cross-linking density. The corresponding increase of the average spacing between the network nodes suggests the targeted increase of the blend’s flexibility. Graphic abstract
Myocardial free fatty acid metabolism of the ischemic heart treated by left ventricular assist device. (1989)

Three-beta-methyl-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP), a newly developed radiographic probe of metabolic processes in tissue free fatty acid (FFA), was applied to a study analyzing the effect of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) on impaired dog hearts. The radiographic image obtained with BMIPP was compared with 201thallium chloride (TL) imaging, which indicates tissue perfusion. In the myocardial infarction (MI) model, the BMIPP and TL uptake were equally increased with the use of LVAD in the marginal area of the MI. In another model using the reperfused myocardium after ischemia, the BMIPP and TL uptake were increased in the reperfused area by LVAD pumping. On the other hand, BMIPP uptake in the residual myocardium of both models was decreased by LVAD pumping when compared with TL uptake. This discrepancy between these radiographic tracers in the residual myocardium suggests that tissue metabolic processes may be suppressed as result of a decrease in the energy demand by the myocardium caused by LVAD pumping. The results of this study showed that use of LVADs for the impaired heart improved cell function of "stunned" myocardium and also unloaded the excess work from the residual myocardium as judged by FFA metabolism.
Pulse Reverse Copper Electrodeposition in High Aspect Ratio Trenches and Vias (1998)

A theoretical model, based on a one‐dimensional approximation, for the filling of high‐aspect ratio trenches and vias with copper by pulse reverse electrodeposition is presented. The dependence of void size on the pulse waveform is demonstrated for submicron features. It is shown that the off‐time should be on the order of the diffusion‐time constant and that the deposition time should be smaller than the diffusion time constant. Reverse current, i.e., dissolution, is shown to play an important role in diminishing void size. Comparison with two‐dimensional calculations indicates that the theory is an adequate yet efficient means of simulating shape change.