gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cooperative control of a multi-arm system using semi-autonomous telemanipulation and adaptive impedance (2009)

This paper addresses problems to achieve transparency and contact stability for Single Master Multi-Slave telemanipulation that consists of unconstrained and constrained motions. The adaptive bilateral control with a local force compensator is developed based on adaptive impedance control and contact force driven compensation with auto-switching functions. With a limited amount of knowledge about robotic and environment dynamics and a time-varying communication delay, the developed method guarantees good adaptive tracking performance in unconstrained motion and reduction of oscillating contacts to keep a balance of the system in constrained motion. Based on an actual haptic device and virtual robots, haptic simulations are presented to demonstrate adaptive transparency and contact stability in the presence of communication delays.
Transgene‐induced silencing of Arabidopsis phytochrome A gene via exonic methylation (2007)

Transgene-induced promoter or enhancer methylation clearly retards gene activity. While exonic methylation of genes is frequently observed in the RNAi process, only sporadic evidence has demonstrated its definitive role in gene suppression. Here, we report the isolation of a transcriptionally suppressed epi-allele of the Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome A gene (PHYA) termed phyA' that shows methylation only in symmetric CG sites resident in exonic regions. These exonic modifications confer a strong phyA mutant phenotype, characterized by elongated hypocotyls in seedlings grown under continuous far-red light. De-methylation of phyA' in the DNA methyl transferase I (met1) mutant background increased PHYA expression and restored the wild-type phenotype, confirming the pivotal role of exonic CG methylation in maintaining the altered epigenetic state. PHYA epimutation was apparently induced by a transgene locus; however, it is stably maintained following segregation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed association with dimethyl histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2), a heterochromatic marker, within the phyA' coding region. Therefore, transgene-induced exonic methylation can lead to chromatin alteration that affects gene expression, most likely through reduction in the transcription rate.
Accelerating parabolic beams (2008)

We demonstrate the existence of accelerating parabolic beams that constitute, together with the Airy beams, the only orthogonal and complete families of solutions of the two-dimensional paraxial wave equation that exhibit the unusual ability to remain diffraction-free and freely accelerate during propagation. Since the accelerating parabolic beams, like the Airy beams, carry infinite energy, we present exact finite-energy accelerating parabolic beams that still retain their unusual features over several diffraction lengths.
Diffusion-Weighted MRI of Peripheral Zone Prostate Cancer: Comparison of Tumor Apparent Diffusion Coefficient With Gleason Score and Percentage of Tumor on Core Biopsy (2010)

DWI may help differentiate between low-risk (Gleason score, 6) and intermediate-risk (Gleason score, 7) prostate cancer and between low-risk (Gleason score, 6) and high-risk (Gleason score > 7) prostate cancer. There is an inverse relationship between the ADC and the percentage of tumor involvement on prostate core biopsies.
Roles of Peripheral and Central Nicotinic Receptors in the Micturition Reflex in Rats (2006)

These results indicate that nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in capsaicin sensitive C-fiber afferents in the bladder can induce detrusor overactivity. In the central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the spinal cord and brain has an excitatory and an inhibitory effect on the micturition reflex, respectively. In addition, the nicotine induced spinal excitatory effect may be mediated by the activation of glutamatergic mechanisms.
Theory and associated phenomenology for intrinsic mortality arising from\n natural selection (2015)

Standard evolutionary theories of aging and mortality, implicitly based on\nassumptions of spatial averaging, hold that natural selection cannot favor\nshorter lifespan without direct compensating benefit to individual reproductive\nsuccess. Here we show that both theory and phenomenology are consistent with\nprogrammed death. Spatial evolutionary models show that self-limited lifespan\nrobustly results in long-term benefit to a lineage; longer-lived variants may\nhave a reproductive advantage for many generations, but shorter lifespan\nultimately confers long-term reproductive advantage through environmental\nfeedback acting on much longer time scales. Numerous model variations produce\nthe same qualitative result, demonstrating insensitivity to detailed\nassumptions; the key conditions under which self-limited lifespan is favored\nare spatial extent and locally exhaustible resources. Numerous empirical\nobservations can parsimoniously be explained in terms of long-term selective\nadvantage for intrinsic mortality. Classically anomalous empirical data on\nnatural lifespans and intrinsic mortality, including observations of longer\nlifespan associated with increased predation, and evidence of programmed death\nin both unicellular and multicellular organisms, are consistent with specific\nmodel predictions. The generic nature of the spatial model conditions under\nwhich intrinsic mortality is favored suggests a firm theoretical basis for the\nidea that evolution can quite generally select for shorter lifespan directly.\n
The role of cytosolic and membrane factors in processing of the human beta-2 adrenergic receptor following translocation and glycosylation in a cell-free system. (1990)

The beta-2 adrenergic receptor has been proposed to have seven membrane-spanning domains. Expression of functional beta-2 adrenergic receptor was achieved in a heterologous cell-free system composed of rabbit reticulocyte lysate and microsomal membranes from Xenopus laevis oocytes. The functional state of the receptor protein can be determined by ligand-binding assays and by the ability of ligands to alter the susceptibility of the receptor to proteinase K digestion. The process by which functional receptor is made was studied. The receptor protein remains nonfunctional immediately following translocation and glycosylation, and additional processing steps are needed before the receptor is able to interact with ligands. These processing steps require intact microsomal membranes as well as several cytosolic factors including ATP and one or more high molecular mass (greater than 30 kDa) factors but do not require receptor glycosylation and are not inhibited by nonhydrolyzable GTP analogues.
Towards Unknown Traffic Identification via Embeddings and Deep Autoencoders (2019)

Traffic classification, as a fundamental tool for network management and security, is suffering from a critical problem, namely “unknown traffic”. The unknown traffic is defined as network traffic generated by previously unknown applications (i.e., zero-day applications) in a traffic classification system. The ability to divide the mixed unknown traffic into clusters, each of which contains only one application traffic as far as possible, is the key to solve this problem. This paper reports our recent exploration of the n-gram embeddings strategy, deep neural networks and clustering algorithms for constructing an unsupervised scheme for unknown network traffic identification. Experimental results on real-world traces demonstrate that our method gains average clustering purity rate about 97.35% when we use DNS, DHCP, BitTorrent, SSH, HTTP, IMAP, MySQL, and Github to simulate unknown traffic.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Diamide‐Based Inhibitors of IMPDH. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sex Difference in Causes and Timing of One-Year Outcomes Among Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients; Results from the VIRGO Study (2022)

Abstract Background Younger women have higher recurrent hospitalization rates and worse health status than men after their index episode of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, whether women have a higher risk of cardiovascular events in the year after discharge is unknown. Methods We used data from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study, which enrolled young AMI patients aged 18 to 55 years across 103 US hospitals. Sex differences in all-cause and cause-specific hospitalizations were compared by calculating incidence rates (IR, per 1,000 person-years) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We then performed sequential modeling to evaluate the sex difference by calculating sub-distribution hazard ratios (SHR) accounting for deaths. Results Among 2,007 women and 972 men, at least one all-cause hospitalization occurred among 905 (30.4%) participants in the year after discharge. The leading causes of hospitalization were MI-related (IR 171.8, 95% CI, 153.6-192.2 among women vs. IR 117.8, 95% CI, 97.3-142.6 among men), followed by non-cardiac (IR 145.8, 95% CI, 129.2-164.5 among women vs. IR 69.6, 95% CI, 54.5-88.9 among men) and other cardiac or stroke hospitalizations (IR 58.8, 95% CI, 48.8-70.7 among women vs. IR 53.8, 95% CI, 40.8-71.0 among men). Competing risk analysis showed that the sex difference was present for MI-related hospitalizations (SHR 1.33, 95%CI 1.04-1.70; P=0.02) and non-cardiac hospitalizations (SHR 1.51, 95%CI 1.13-2.07; P=0.01). Conclusions Young women with AMI have more adverse outcomes compared with men in the year after discharge. MI-related hospitalizations were the most common cause of hospitalizations, but non-cardiac hospitalizations showed the most significant sex disparity. Further studies to better understand the underlying mechanisms of non-cardiac hospitalizations are warranted.
Task-Graph Scheduling Extensions for Efficient Synchronization and Communication (2020)

Task graphs have been studied for decades as a foundation for scheduling irregular parallel applications and incorporated in programming models such as OpenMP. While many high-performance parallel libraries are based on task graphs, they also have additional scheduling requirements, such as synchronization from inner levels of data parallelism and internal blocking communications. In this paper, we extend task-graph scheduling to support efficient synchronization and communication within tasks. Our scheduler avoids deadlock and oversubscription of worker threads, and refines victim selection to increase the overlap of sibling tasks. To the best of our knowledge, our approach is the first to combine gang-scheduling and work-stealing in a single runtime. Our approach has been evaluated on the SLATE highperformance linear algebra library. Relative to the LLVM OMP runtime, our runtime demonstrates performance improvements of up to 13.82%, 15.2%, and 36.94% for LU, QR, and Cholesky, respectively, evaluated across different configurations.
Variation of dietary lysine:arginine ratio does not affect cholesterol biosynthesis in hypercholesterolemic individuals (2009)

It has been suggested that the low lysine:arginine (L:A) ratio of plant protein sources confers cardio‐protective benefits by lowering circulating cholesterol concentrations, modulating cholesterol kinetics and endothelial function via the L‐Arg‐NO pathway . However, the evidence supporting lipid modulation by altering the amino acid profile of the diet is indirect and has not been consistently demonstrated in humans. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether varying the dietary L:A ratio modifies cholesterol kinetics in hypercholesterolemic individuals. Subjects (n=14) were fed a high L:A (L:A = 0.7; mostly vegetable protein‐based) or low L:A (L:A = 1.4; mostly animal protein‐based) diet for 5 weeks, in a randomized crossover design at the HNRCA at Tufts University. Blood lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations and fractional cholesterol synthesis were measured at the end of each dietary phase. Cholesterol biosynthesis, as measured by deuterium incorporation, did not differ ( P &gt; 0.05) between low L:A (8.4±3.5 %/day) or high L:A (8.2±2.1 %/day) diets. No changes were observed ( P &gt; 0.05) in serum total, VLDL, LDL, and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoA1 or apoB concentrations in response to either dietary treatment. In conclusion, low L:A ratio diets do not affect cholesterol biosynthesis or lower serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic individuals. Funding: NIH/HL 58008.
Creating brand engagement through in-store gamified customer experiences (2019)

The purpose of this study is to understand how gamification contributes to customers’ value creation in a retail context and how this value creation relates to brand engagement. The study builds on a field experiment using a two-group between-subjects design combined with correlational research. The experiment involved 378 participants recruited at a major European sports retailer. Participants were exposed to one of two conditions: one with a gamified activity in a store, and one in which the participants performed the same activity without being exposed to any game elements. The findings show that gamification affects the hedonic value of an activity and that this effect can be partly explained by positive affect. When this hedonic value was compared to the satisfaction with a reward, the hedonic value was found to be a better predictor of continued engagement intention. Finally, gamification through continued engagement intention is positively associated with brand engagement.
Fibrotic Changes and Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Promoted by VEGFR2 Antagonism Alter the Therapeutic Effects of VEGFA Pathway Blockage in a Mouse Model of Choroidal Neovascularization (2020)

Many patients with wet age-related macular degeneration do not respond well to anti- vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) therapy for choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and the efficacy of anti-VEGFA decreases over time. We investigated the hypothesis that fibrotic changes, in particular via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), play a role in CNV and alter the therapeutic effects of VEGFA pathway blockage. Induction of EndoMT of primary human retinal endothelial cells led to a significantly reduced response to VEGFA at the level of gene expression, cellular proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Suppression of EndoMT restored cell responsiveness to VEGFA. In a mouse model of spontaneous CNV, fibrotic changes and EndoMT persisted as the CNV lesions became more established over time. VEGFA receptor-2 (VEGFR2) antagonism further induced fibrosis and EndoMT in the CNV. The combination of VEGFR2 antagonism and fibrosis/EndoMT inhibition was more effective than either individual treatment in reducing CNV. Our data indicate that fibrosis and EndoMT are involved in the progression of CNV, are exacerbated by VEGFR2 inhibition, and could provide an explanation for the reduced efficacy of anti-VEGFA treatment over time.
Beam Plug for Radiation Shielding Penetrations (1971)

A beam line plug has been designed to fill the cylindrical hole formed by beam lines which pass through radiation shielding walls. The plug consists of multiple steel discs held together along their cylindrical axis by a steel cable forming a flexible snake-like structure. Other disc materials including laminates may be used to solve a variety of radiation shielding problems. When the beam line is to be used, the plug is pneumatically withdrawn into a vertical extension of vacuum line that is connected through a 90° bend to the beam line. Upon release, the plug is reinserted by pneumatic action. The beam plugs being used at the Brookhaven Three-stage MP Tandem Van de Graaff Facility are 7.6 cm diameter and provide 80 cm equivalent thickness of steel to fill penetrations through a 120 cm thick concrete wall. Fast-neutron measurements at the shielding wall surface show that the beam plug is indistinguishable from concrete shielding. A description of the beam plug mechanism, failsafe features, test results, and performance data is presented.
Head pose detection with one camera based on pupil and nostril detection technique (2008)

A remote video-based head pose detection system is useful to observe the behavior of the driver, e.g., prevention oft the driver from failing to keep the eyes on the road. In addition, if the precision of the system is high, it may be used as a pointing device. We have already proposed a horizontal and vertical head pose estimation method using the 3-D positions of the two pupils and two nostrils, which are obtained from the stereo cameras. In the method, the horizontal and vertical angles of the average vector of the normal vector of the plane including the two pupils and one nostril and that of the plane including the two pupils and another nostril were determined as the head angle. The system showed the measurable ranges of more than ± 40 deg in horizontal and 30 deg in vertical. In this paper, we propose the head pose detection method with one camera in order to increase the horizontal range. The 3D positions of the pupils and nostrils are determined by giving the distances among the feature points as restraint conditions. The experimental results showed the measurable ranges of approx. ± 45 deg in horizontal and 40 deg in vertical. In addition, the one-camera method indicated high resolution compared to our previous stereo method. Finally, the proposed one-camera method was introduced into each of the two stereo-calibrated cameras, placed with 30 deg separated. The two-camera system showed a wide horizontal range of ± 60 deg.
An Analysis of Gear Based on Isogeometric Analysis (2013)

Although the CAGD has shown its ability to represent the geometry at a very high precision, the error is inevitable in FEA due to its imprecise mesh. This paper analyzes the stress state of a gear using NURBS-based IGA (Isogeometric Analysis). And the results show great superiority of IGA on efficiency and accuracy compared with traditional FEM (Finite Element Method). The contours of involute gear is non-rational curve and the general way to represent the geometry is the tracing point method. It is almost impossible to accurately descript the involute at the mathematical level either, however, NURBS can supply exact representation of the involute within acceptable error range. As a result, the NURBS-based IGA offers an effective and accurate calculation for gear analysis. Unlike the FEM, the IGA conducts mechanical analysis directly on NURBS geometry and it skips the step of meshing which will reduce a lot of workload.
Estrous Cycle Modulates Ovarian Carcinoma Growth (2009)

Our data suggest that estrogen may promote in vivo ovarian cancer growth, both directly and indirectly, by making the tumor microenvironment more conducive for cancer growth.
Microwave energy fixation for electron microscopy. (1985)

We have demonstrated that microwave energy (MW) can be used in conjunction with chemical cross-linking agents in order to rapidly fix cell suspensions and tissue blocks for electron microscopy in 7-9 seconds. The optimal MW fixation method involved immersing tissues up to 1 cu cm in dilute aldehyde fixation and immediately irradiating the specimens in a conventional microwave oven for 9 seconds to 50 C. Ultrastructural preservation of samples irradiated by MW energy was comparable to that of the control samples immersed in aldehyde fixative for 2 hours at 25 C. Stereologic analysis showed that tissue blocks fixed by the MW fixation method did not cause organelles such as liver mitochondria and salivary gland granules to shrink or to swell. Potential applications for this new fixation technology include the investigation of rapid intracellular processes (eg, vesicular transport) and preservation of proteins that are difficult to demonstrate with routine fixation methods (eg, antigens and enzymes).
Multiplex Automated Primer Extension Analysis: Simultaneous Genotyping of Several Polymorphisms (2001)

Accurate and fast genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is of significant scientific importance for linkage and association studies. We report here an automated fluorescent method we call multiplex automated primer extension analysis (MAPA) that can accurately genotype multiple known SNPs simultaneously. This is achieved by substantially improving a commercially available protocol (SNaPshot). This protocol relies on the extension of a primer that ends one nucleotide 5'of a given SNP with fluorescent dideoxy-NTPs (minisequencing), followed by analysis on an ABI PRisMS 377 Semi-Automated DNA Sequencer Our modification works by multiplexing the initial reaction that produces the DNA template for primer extension and/or multiplexing several primers (corresponding to several SNPs) in the same primer extension reaction. Then, we run each multiplexed reaction on a single gel lane. We demonstrate that MAPA can be used to genotype up to four SNPs simultaneously, even in compound heterozygote samples, with complete accuracy (based on concordance with sequencing results). We also show that primer design, unlike the DNA template purification method, can significantly affect genotyping accuracy, and we suggest useful guidelines for quick optimization.
Prostaglandin E2 inhibition of keloid fibroblast migration, contraction, and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1–induced collagen synthesis (2007)

Keloid formation has been linked to aberrant fibroblast activity, exacerbated by growth factors and inflammatory mediators. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), synthesized from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenases (COX) and synthases (PGES), acts as both an inflammatory mediator and fibroblast modulator. Although PGE2 has known antifibrotic effects in the lower airway, its role in dermal fibrosis in general, and keloid formation in particular, remains unclear. This study focused on: (1) the effects of PGE2 on keloid fibroblast migration, contraction, and collagen synthesis and (2) endogenous PGE2 synthesis in response interleukin-1beta. PGE2 decreased keloid fibroblast migration and contraction via an EP2/EP4-cAMP mechanism that disrupted actin cytoskeletal dynamics and reversed transforming growth factor-beta1-induced collagen I and III synthesis. Impaired fibroblast PGE2 production has been linked to lower airway fibrosis and recently to keloid formation. Here, we showed that interleukin-1beta stimulation leads to nuclear factor-kappaB translocation to the nucleus, resulting in up-regulation of COX-2 and microsomal PGE2 synthase 1. Up-regulation of COX-2 in, and secretion of PGE2 by keloid fibroblasts are diminished compared with their normal fibroblast counterparts. We suggest that the antifibrotic effects of PGE2 during keloid formation are potentially diminished due to aberrant paracrine fibroblast signaling. Exogenous PGE2 may supplement decreased endogenous levels and inhibit keloid formation or progression.