gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Bambusuril Bearing Functional Groups (2016)

Bambusurils have been recently developed macrocycles that function as anion receptors in various solvents depending on the substituents and functional groups attached to portals of the macrocycles.1,2 Previously aliphatic and aromatic substituents have been introduced which turned bambusurils to potential anion receptors and sensors for several inorganic anions in particular solvents.3 The macrocycle can be modified with different functional groups according to desired applications. At this conference we are presenting the synthesis of bambusurils derivatives containing nitro functionality at their portals and subsequent conversion of nitro groups resulting in aminobenzylbambusurils. The presence of amino group on the portal of bambusurils broadens the synthetic scope of a number of derivatives of these macrocycles. This is demonstrated by preparation of urea-functionalized bambusuril.
Did the NFL Lockout Expose the Achilles Heel of Competitive Sports? (2011)

Over the past few months we have been afforded a unique opportunity to evaluate injury rate data prior to, during, and following the historical aberration created by the recent National Football League (NFL) Lockout. During this period (March 11th to July 25th, 2011), professional football players underwent an uncommon offseason, without the normal access to their team's healthcare providers, strength and conditioning professionals, and high-level coaches. With limited access to these professionals and an absence of the structured preseason preparatory conditioning normally progressed over a 14-week period between May and July, we had a unique window of opportunity to evaluate the effects of an alarmingly rapid transition from the start of training camp, which took place 2 days after the end of the Lockout, to the initiation of preseason competition. A glimpse at early data, limited to Achilles tendon injuries, is cause for concern due to an unprecedented number of Achilles tendon ruptures in training camp and the beginning of preseason. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(10):702–705. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.0107
Dynamic Visual Stimulus Presentation in an Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (2005)

Dynamic visual stimulus presentation in an AOSLO works effectively and expands the scope of AOSLO applications. S5
MCM-D/C packaging solution for IBM latest S/390 servers (2003)

The G5, fastest member of the S390 server family, was announced in May of 1998. The multichip module (MCM) used consists of 29 CMOS chips on a 127.5 mm glass ceramic substrate with 6 levels of thin films (TF) including 1 signal plane pair. The G5 system performance exceeded 1,000 MIPS. This breakthrough performance resulted from the synergy created by combining IBM's leadership technologies in CMOS high frequency microprocessor design with advanced packaging and flip chip interconnections. From a substrate perspective, IBM moved from alumina ceramic and Mo conductors to glass ceramic and Cu, and from TF redistribution (4 levels) to TF wiring (6 levels). This paper discusses the TF implications from a change of substrate material and increased wiring density, as well as the need to implement a polyimide cushion layer as part of the pin grid array (PGA) fabrication process to support 4224 I/Os.
Symmetry recovery from the viewpoint of power and frequency by extended delay feedback control (2019)

An application of nonlinear control to enhance the operation of dynamical systems is found in the literature. In particular, recent research achieved harmonics reduction by driving a single-phase AC/AC converter to a chaotic regime. However, the periodic symmetry of the output voltage is broken during this process. This paper proposes two single-phase AC/AC converters with a symmetry-recovery feature that allows the converters to work either in a chaotic or stable regime. The proposed method, which is based on the extended delay feedback control, found a direct impact to recover the symmetry on the distribution of the power density through the time-delayed input.
The Electrodeposition of Copper, Nickel and Zinc Alloys from Cyanide Solutions: Part I (1934)

The experimental results indicate that alloys of copper, nickel, and zinc may be deposited from cyanide solutions. All of the deposits were bright, uniform, smooth, and adherent. The color of the deposits varied from golden copper to platinum white. Deposition favored zinc and copper over nickel. The following data were obtained to determine those conditions of temperature, bath composition, and current density which would give deposits having the color characteristic of “nickel‐silver” alloys.
Design considerations for an optimized FPGA implementation of space-vector PWM for a two-level inverter (2016)

The design considerations for implementing an optimized fixed-point space-vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) for a two-level inverter is presented. Most of the design simulations currently available are specified in floating-point precision to accelerate the process of verifying their functionality. However, area-optimized hardware implementation of these algorithms requires fixed-point precision. A generic function is formulated the precision required for each signal to get the desired precision. A non-convex optimization function is solved for the number of required bit-widths for the signals. This design has been implemented on an FPGA using the obtained solution in order to verify the resulting accuracy. The device utilization summary of this design is also compared to a floating-point precision design.
Analysis of Variable Fluid Properties, Turbulent Annular Seals (1991)

A computational analysis for calculation of the dynamic force response in turbulent flow annular pressure seals of arbitrary nonuniform clearance is presented. Cryogenic liquids are considered as barotropic. The fluid motion is described by a bulk flow model and Moody’s friction factor is introduced to accomodate surface roughness effects. The numerical solution scheme is computationally efficient and accurate for seal operation at arbitrary eccentricity ratios. Numerical predictions show good agreement with available experimental results. The effects of eccentricity and liquid properties on the performance of the Space Shuttle Main Engine High Pressure Fuel Turbopump interstage seal at full power level are discussed as a reference case.
Quantifying the effect of swab pool size on the detection of influenza A viruses in broiler chickens and its implications for surveillance (2018)

Much as pooling a bigger number of swab samples increases the chances of having a positive swab included in the sample to be tested, this study's outcomes indicate that this practice may actually reduce the chances of detecting the virus since it may result into lowering the virus titer of the pooled sample. Further analysis on whether having more than one positive swab in a pooled sample would result in increased sensitivity for low pathogenicity avian influenza virus is needed.
Bimodal dose‐dependence of FK506 on the rate of axonal regeneration in mouse peripheral nerve (2002)

FK506 has been shown to enhance the rate of axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve lesions. However, quite variable doses of FK506 have been used in different animal studies. We examined the dose-dependence of FK506 on the rate of axonal regeneration after crush lesion of the mouse sciatic nerve. Mice received daily subcutaneous injections of FK506 at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg for 7 days after lesioning. A control group was injected with saline. The distance that regenerative axons advanced from the crush site was measured by the pinch test at 2, 4, and 7 days. Regenerating axons reached greater mean distances in all FK506-treated groups compared to the control group. The fastest regeneration rate was found at 5 mg/kg (12% increase over controls), although the 0.2 and 2 mg/kg doses achieved similar regeneration rates. In contrast, intermediate doses (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and a higher dose (10 mg/kg) were not different from controls. Calcitonin gene-related peptide immunohistochemical labeling of regenerating axons yielded similar results to those found with the pinch test. Based on our finding of a double peak in the dose-response for FK506, it is hypothesized that at least two mechanisms of action (perhaps corresponding to distinct functional binding sites) are evoked at different concentrations of the drug to accelerate nerve regeneration. These results have clinical implications for the pharmacological treatment of nerve injuries while avoiding immunosuppressive effects and for the design of related drugs with more specific activities.
Computer code for rational approximation of frequency dependent admittance matrices (2002)

This paper deals with the problem of approximating with rational functions a matrix whose frequency dependent elements have been obtained from calculations or from measurements. Based on a previously developed technique (vector fitting), a set of callable routines have been written in the Matlab language. These routines allow for rational approximation with a common set of stable poles, automatic selection of initial poles, passivity enforcement, and creation of an equivalent electrical network that can be imported into an ATP version of EMTP. Usage of sparse arithmetic permits the computer code to handle large systems. The methodology is demonstrated by application to a frequency dependent network equivalent of a radial distribution network (phase domain), for which the accuracy is validated in both the frequency domain and the time domain.
Microcontroller based fuzzy-PI approach employing control surface discretization (2012)

This paper proposes an approach of digital controller design on microcontrollers based on control surface disretization. As experimental setup a simple system composed of a DC motor, the PWM drive and a encoder was built. Identification of this simple system was done using the first order linear model and the Hammerstein-Wiener model. The quality of these models was compared based on the fitness function and their ability to cope with system nonlinearities. A discrete PI speed controller was designed based on the Hammerstein-Wiener model and tuned by the Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm. The Fuzzy logic controller was designed on the basis of the PI controller behaviour with genetic algorithm parameter tuning. The control surface of the Fuzzy logic controller was discretized for microcontroller implementation. Both controllers were implemented on the Arduino Mega platform and their control performances were tested and compared.
CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING (2002)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCHEMICAL & ENGINEERINGGOING GLOBALInnovation and sustainability are keys to continued chemical industry growthRUDY BAUMCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2002, 80, 34, 9Publication Date (Print):August 26, 2002Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 26 August 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v080n034.p009https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v080n034.p009newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views8Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Chemical engineering and industrial chemistry,Climate Get e-Alerts
Regulation of follistatin-like protein 1 expression and secretion in primary human skeletal muscle cells (2013)

Follistatin-like protein 1 (Fstl1) is a secreted glycoprotein of the follistatin family. Fstl1 is secreted by C2C12 cells, and Akt1 over-expression in skeletal muscle leads to its induction in muscle and increased circulating levels. So far, secretion of Fstl1 by human myotubes and the effect of exercise on its circulating levels have not been investigated. Here, we examined both the regulation of Fstl1 expression and secretion in primary human skeletal muscle cells and the effect of acute exercise on Fstl1 serum concentrations in humans. We show that human myotubes express and secrete Fstl1 in a differentiation-dependent manner. Furthermore, IFNγ and IL-1β significantly increase Fstl1 secretion. Electrical pulse stimulation (EPS)-induced contractile activity of myotubes did not regulate Fstl1. Interestingly, we observed that 60 min cycling increased serum Fstl1 level by 22%. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Fstl1 is expressed and secreted by human myotubes and plasma Fstl1 levels are increased after exercise.
Effects of chronic cardiac decentralization on functional properties of canine intracardiac neurons in vitro (2001)

Although intrinsic cardiac neurons display ongoing activity after chronic interruption of extrinsic autonomic inputs to the heart, the effects of decentralization on individual neurons remain unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chronic (3-4 wk) surgical decentralization on intracellular properties of, and neurotransmission among, neurons contained within the canine intrinsic right atrial ganglionated plexus in vitro. Properties of neurons from decentralized hearts were compared with those of neurons from sham-operated hearts (controls). Two populations of neurons were identified by their firing behavior in response to intracellular current injection. Fifty-nine percent of control neurons and 72% of decentralized neurons were phasic (discharged one action potential on excitation). Forty-one percent of control neurons and 27% of decentralized neurons were accommodating (multiple discharge with decrementing frequency). After chronic decentralization, input resistance of phasic neurons increased, whereas the duration of afterhyperpolarization of accommodating neurons decreased. Postsynaptic responses to interganglionic nerve stimulation were evoked in 89% of control neurons and 83% of decentralized neurons; the majority of these responses involved nicotinic receptors. These results show that, after chronic decentralization, intrinsic cardiac neurons 1) undergo changes in membrane properties that may lead to increased excitability while 2) maintaining synaptic neurotransmission within the intrinsic cardiac ganglionated plexus.
Performance Modeling of MAC and Multipath Routing Interactions in Multi-hop Wireless Networks (2011)

For multi-hop wireless networks, the performance experienced by each node is a complex function of the following factors: 1). the signals used at the physical layer; 2). the radio topology of the network; 3). the transmission scheduling established at the MAC layer, 4). the route selection results of the network layer. The input of any above component is partially decided by the output of the other components, e.g. 1). transmission scheduling: radio topology decideswhether links interferewith others, and route selection decides which links will be used for transmissions; 2). route selection: the radio topology of the network influences the route selection results directly; since routing control packets are transmitted as the data packets at the MAC layer, the transmission scheduling decides how the routing information is propagated throughout the network, etc. Hence, analyzing the performance of protocol stacks in a wireless network must consider the interactions between the different layers. In fact, a cross-layer perspective to both performance analysis and protocol design brought to attention with recent advances in wireless networks. It is critical for us to treat the entire protocol stack as a single algorithmic construct in order to improve the performance, and in general, it is not meaningful to speak about a MAC or a routing protocol in isolation. This chapter introduces a modeling framework for the characterization of the performance attained with a MAC protocol working together with different packet forwarding disciplines on top of a realistic physical layer. We also analyzed how different packet forwarding disciplines interact with different channel access schemes to influence the system performance.
Versatile Synthesis of Carbon-Rich LiFePO[sub 4] Enhancing Its Electrochemical Properties (2004)

LiFePO4/C composites were prepared by using organo-phosphonates as a source of iron, phosphorus and carbon. Fe[RPO3]·H2O (R = methyl or phenyl group) were decomposed in presence of Li2CO3 at high temperature and under nitrogen flux. During the high temperature synthesis the phosphonate is oxidized and reacting with lithium forms the electro-active material. The organic constituent of the precursor is oxidized to form carbon that interacting with the LiFePO4 surface, decrease the charge transfer resistance. The materials were characterized by chemical analysis, TG, DTA, X-ray powder diffraction and SEM. The LiFePO4/C composites were used to prepare electrodes for the electrochemical characterization. The material prepared starting from the phenyl-phosphonate showed impressive specific energy, specific power and capacity retention upon cycling The specific energy evaluated at C/10 rate was about 550 Wh kg-1. The specific power calculated at 30C rate was in excess at 14000 W kg-1 while the specific energy was about 28 % of the energy delivered at C/10. No capacity fading was observed upon cycling. The performance of LiFePO4 prepared with methyl-phosphonate as precursor was found to be slightly lower, probably due to the lower carbon content.
Multi-channel Mach-Zehnder IQ modulator PICs on InP for hybrid OFDM transmitter integration (2016)

The development of InP-based 4- and 8-channel IQ Mach-Zehnder modulator PICs as basic active building blocks in advanced hybrid terabit super-channel OFDM/Nyquist WDM transmitter components is reported for the first time.
A Potent Cell-active Allosteric Inhibitor of Murine DNA Cytosine C5 Methyltransferase (2003)

The major DNA cytosine methyltransferase isoform in mouse erythroleukemia cells, Dnmt1, exhibits potent dead-end inhibition with a single-stranded nucleic acid by binding to an allosteric site on the enzyme. The previously reported substrate inhibition with double-stranded substrates also involves binding to an allosteric site. Thus, both forms of inhibition involve ternary enzyme-DNA-DNA complexes. The inhibition potency of the single-stranded nucleic acid is determined by the sequence, length, and most appreciably the presence of a single 5-methylcytosine residue. A single-stranded phosphorothioate derivative inhibits DNA methylation activity in nuclear extracts. Mouse erythroleukemia cells treated with the phosphorothioate inhibitor show a significant decrease in global genomic methylation levels. Inhibitor treatment of human colon cancer cells causes demethylation of the p16 tumor suppressor gene and subsequent p16 re-expression. Allosteric inhibitors of mammalian DNA cytosine methyltransferases, representing a new class of molecules with potential therapeutic applications, may be used to elucidate novel epigenetic mechanisms that control development.
Measuring temperature rise at transformer core under nonlinear loading (2011)

The life of power distribution transformers has been greatly reduced by the significantly addition of electronic loads in the distribution system. The characteristics of loads now becoming more nonlinear which in turn produce more harmonics. Power transformers are constantly affected due to its location between the variety of loads at consumer's side and the power supply side. Additional loss at transformer core caused by harmonics is translated by the increasing heating it experienced. This paper focuses on measuring temperature of the core as transformer is connected with nonlinear loads. A circuit producing harmonic rich load current is subjected to 75VA power transformer. Tests are conducted at 100% of nameplate rating using purely resistive loads and by connecting nonlinear loads. Differences in type of loads are made in order to magnify the additional heat effect of harmonics in power transformer operation. Laser radiating thermal device is used to measure heat at three different points.
In Situ Atomic-Scale TEM Observation of Phase Transformation in Two-Dimensional SnSe2 Single Crystals (2018)

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been widely used as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries because of their unique layered structures with open space in between to accommodate reversible lithium movement It is believed that lithiation of these groups of materials would typically start with the initial lithium intercalation process and then proceed through the conversion reactions afterward. To gain the optimized battery performance, a good understanding of the phase transformations during lithiation is necessarily needed, which can be obtained via the advanced in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods
Is it better to use the radial artery as a composite graft? Clinical and angiographic results of aorto-coronary versus Y-graft1 (2004)

The RA provides the same clinical and angiographic results both as aorto-coronary and composite Y-graft with the left ITA. When the RA is used as Y-graft the procedure is more technically demanding and a greater number of distal coronary anastomoses is possible. RA grafts to targets with stenosis < or = 70% appear to be at risk of failure.