gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simple security proof of twin-field type quantum key distribution protocol (2019)

Abstract Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) was conjectured to beat the private capacity of a point-to-point QKD link by using single-photon interference in a central measuring station. This remarkable conjecture has recently triggered an intense research activity to prove its security. Here, we introduce a TF-type QKD protocol which is conceptually simpler than the original proposal. It relies on the pre-selection of a global phase, instead of the post-selection of a global phase, which significantly simplifies its security analysis and is arguably less demanding experimentally. We demonstrate that the secure key rate of our protocol has a square-root improvement over the point-to-point private capacity, as conjectured by the original TF QKD.
Scheduling in the dark (1999)

We considered non-clairvoyant multiprocessor scheduling of jobs with arbitrary arrival times and changing execution characteristics.
Étude du système vitreux Ag PO3, Ag I par calorimétrie de dissolution (1978)

La calorimétrie de dissolution est utilisée pour l’étude des verres AgPO3(1-x)AgIx. Les enthalpies molaires partielles des deux constituants sont déduites des mesures de l’enthalpie de formation.
Acceleration of collimated 45 MeV protons by collisionless shocks driven in low-density, large-scale gradient plasmas by a 10^20 W/cm^2, 1 micron wavelength laser (2017)

A new type of proton acceleration stemming from large-scale gradients, low-density targets, irradiated by an intense near-infrared laser is observed. The produced protons are characterized by high-energies (with a broad spectrum), are emitted in a very directional manner, and the process is associated to relaxed laser (no need for high-contrast) and target (no need for ultra-thin or expensive targets) constraints. As such, this process appears quite effective compared to the standard and commonly used Target Normal Sheath Acceleration technique (TNSA), or more exploratory mechanisms like Radiation Pressure Acceleration (RPA). The data are underpinned by 3D numerical simulations which suggest that in these conditions Low Density Collisionless Shock Acceleration (LDCSA) is at play, which combines an initial Collisionless Shock Acceleration (CSA) to a boost procured by a TNSA-like sheath field in the downward density ramp of the target, which leads to an overall broad spectrum. Experiments performed at 10^20 W/cm^2 laser intensity show that LDCSA can accelerate, from ~1% critical density, mm-scale targets, up to 5x10^9 protons/MeV/sr/J with energies up to 45(+/- 5) MeV in a collimated (~6$^\circ$ half-angle) manner.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis TLR2 agonists LprA, LM and Man-LAM induce notch1 and socs3 transcription (2011)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis employs a number of strategies to subvert host signaling events, leading to its persistence within macrophages. Upon infection, Mycobacterium bovis BCG induce the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (socs3), in a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-Notch1-dependent manner. Purified phosphatidyl inositol di-mannosides (a TLR2 agonist) act as an inducer for the Notch1-socs3 pathway. This prompted us to analyze other TLR2 agonists seeking for additional molecules that may affect this pathway. We found that lipoprotein LprA, as well as glycolipids lipomannan (LM), and mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) treatment of murine macrophages resulted in stimulation of notch1 and socs3 transcription.

	 

	Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), notch1, socs3, innate immunity.
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) for Authorizing Use of Domains in E-Mail, Version 1 (2006)

E-mail on the Internet can be forged in a number of ways. In
particular, existing protocols place no restriction on what a sending
host can use as the reverse-path of a message or the domain given on
the SMTP HELO/EHLO commands. This document describes version 1 of the
ender Policy Framework (SPF) protocol, whereby a domain may explicitly
authorize the hosts that are allowed to use its domain name, and a
receiving host may check such authorization. This memo defines an
Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
Model predictive control based on linear programming - the explicit solution (2002)

We study model predictive control (MPC) schemes for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems with constraints on inputs and states, that can be formulated using a linear program (LP). In particular, we focus our attention on performance criteria based on a mixed 1 -norm, namely, 1-norm with respect to time and -norm with respect to space. First we provide a method to compute the terminal weight so that closed-loop stability is achieved. We then show that the optimal control profile is a piecewise affine and continuous function of the initial state and briefly describe the algorithm to compute it. The piecewise affine
form allows to eliminate online LP, as the computation associated with MPC becomes a simple function evaluation. Besides practical advantages, the availability of the explicit structure of the MPC controller provides an insight into the type of control action in different
regions of the state space, and highlights possible conditions of degeneracies of the LP, such as multiple optima.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization Reaction of Alkynyl O‐tert‐Butylcarbamates. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pharmacological Specificity of Conditioned Avoidance Response Inhibition in Rats: Inhibition by Neuroleptics and Correlation to Dopamine Receptor Blockade (1982)

The inhibitory effect of 36 neuroleptic compounds on conditioned avoidance response (CAR) and unconditioned escape response (UER) has been studied in rats. All neuroleptics antagonized CAR in doses below those inhibiting UER and below those inducing catalepsy. Stereospecificity was shown in two cases. Significant correlation was found between CAR inhibitory and cataleptogenic potency. Also inhibition of amphetamine induced stereotypy, affinity to 3H-haloperidol binding sites in vitro and clinical potency was significantly correlated to CAR inhibition. CAR and UER inhibition induced by cis(Z)-flupentixol and haloperidol was attenuated by scopolamine, but was only weakly influenced by methysergide and prazosin. Among a wide range of other CNS active compounds tested, CAR was inhibited by alpha 1-adrenergic antagonists, benzodiazepines, a barbiturate, GABA agonists, morphine and a serotonin agonist, but in doses inducing other motor disturbances. It is concluded that CAR inhibition is a sensitive test for dopamine receptor antagonists. However, additional alpha-adrenergic activity found for some neuroleptics (e.g. clozapine, chlorprothixene) may contribute to the CAR inhibitory potency. Additional antimuscarinic activity of neuroleptics may moderately attenuate CAR inhibition whereas serotonin receptor blockade is of minor importance.
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO COMBUSTION RESEARCH (1985)

This paper describes numerous areas in combustion research where the computers have made significant contribution to a better understanding of the combustion phenomena, both theoretically and experimentally. Many examples are considered where the computers have provided the key role for data handling and data acquisition at high frequency as desired in practical turbulent diffusion flames. Frequency response of many KHz is desired in order to show the structure of eddies and flow patterns, to analyze the high frequency changes and complex flame propagation. Computers have made significant contributions for the measurement of important parameters in combustion systems with the aid of several laser-based nonintrusive diagnostic techniques; several of these methods are discussed here. Emphasis is on methods that have been successfully utilized or show good potential for their application in hostile environment. The merits and limitations of several methods described herein are also assessed with respect to their accuracy, resolution and relative ease of measurement. Lasers, high-speed photography and optical diagnostics have made particular contributions to the understanding of flowfield, turbulence and eddy structures in flames. To certain extent these flowfield and eddy structures can be modeled mathematically using complex algorithm and super computers. Theoretically flame behavior can be described by adequate set of equations with appropriate boundary conditions. Once the governing equations and the boundary conditions are identified, a series of transformations of these equations are performed with view to obtain a general solution of the problem. It is demonstrated that computers and super computers, amongst other areas, have made possible the solutions of mathematical equations governing the flowfields both with and without chemical reactions. In the area of flowfield diagnostics computer technology has greatly improved the analytical modeling methodology. A specific example is presented in order to illustrate the details of the technique for obtaining prediction of the flowfield behavior. This problem solving approach clearly demonstrates the fundamental contribution for the development of computer technology in the theoretical modeling of physical phenomena.
Multimodal Therapy in Life-Threatening Cerebral Lupus erythematosus: The Benefit of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pheresis (1995)

A 27-year-old female patient with severe cerebral systemic lupus erythematosus did not respond to conventional therapy, including high-dose corticosteroids and high-dose pulsed cyclophosphamide therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid filtration (pheresis) led to rapid and lasting neurological improvement and clinical cure.
A Cellular Automata Three-dimensional Model Of Ventricular Cardiac Activation (2005)

A three-dimensional cellular automata model of activation wavefront propagation in ventricular cardiac tissue was created. The model geometry was obtained from magnetic resonance (MR) images of a canine heart which was used in a ventricular fibrillation (VF) study. Propagation within the simulated and real hearts was compared. Activation times in the simulated heart had a moderately high correlation when compared to the activation times recorded in the actual heart study. The model was run with and without fiber orientation included. Inclusion of fiber orientation did not greatly increase the correlation.
Promoting Research-driven Oral Health Care (2016)

DOI: 10.1177/2380084416636566. Oral Health and Society, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Corresponding author: J.S. Feine, McGill University, Faculty of Dentistry, 2100 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada. Email: jfeine@iadr.org
The ability of bacteria to synthesize a new cyclopyrophosphate correlates with their tolerance to redox-cycling drugs: on a crossroad of chemotherapy, environmental toxicology and immunobiochemical problems. (1992)

Many redox-cyclers were recently shown to induce, in some bacterial species, large-scale biosynthesis of a new 2-methylbutan-1,2,3,4-tetraol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate believed to be involved in anti-stress reactions. In the present study Mycobacterium smegmatis, Micrococcus luteus and Brevibacterium ammoniagenes were shown to begin synthesis of the new cyclopyrophosphate when cultivated in a medium containing furacilin or furadonin (widely used nitrofuran antibacterial drugs) and to maintain close to normal growth rates, whereas Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli were inhibited by the drugs and were unable to synthesize the cyclopyrophosphate compound. Preferential binding of Mg2+ and Cd2+ with one or other phosphoryl groups of the cyclopyrophosphate, which was indicated by selective changes of 31P-NMR chemical shifts and intramolecular hydrogen bonding, is suggested as a reason for this selectivity.
Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine Is a Matrix Scavenger Chaperone (2011)

Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is one of the major non-structural proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in remodeling tissues. The functional significance of SPARC is emphasized by its origin in the first multicellular organisms and its high degree of evolutionary conservation. Although SPARC has been shown to act as a critical modulator of ECM remodeling with profound effects on tissue physiology and architecture, no plausible molecular mechanism of its action has been proposed. In the present study, we demonstrate that SPARC mediates the disassembly and degradation of ECM networks by functioning as a matricellular chaperone. While it has low affinity to its targets inside the cells where the Ca(2+) concentrations are low, high extracellular concentrations of Ca(2+) activate binding to multiple ECM proteins, including collagens. We demonstrated that in vitro, this leads to the inhibition of collagen I fibrillogenesis and disassembly of pre-formed collagen I fibrils by SPARC at high Ca(2+) concentrations. In cell culture, exogenous SPARC was internalized by the fibroblast cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Pulse-chase assay further revealed that internalized SPARC is quickly released outside the cell, demonstrating that SPARC shuttles between the cell and ECM. Fluorescently labeled collagen I, fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin were co-internalized with SPARC by fibroblasts, and semi-quantitative Western blot showed that SPARC mediates internalization of collagen I. Using a novel 3-dimensional model of fluorescent ECM networks pre-deposited by live fibroblasts, we demonstrated that degradation of ECM depends on the chaperone activity of SPARC. These results indicate that SPARC may represent a new class of scavenger chaperones, which mediate ECM degradation, remodeling and repair by disassembling ECM networks and shuttling ECM proteins into the cell. Further understanding of this mechanism may provide insight into the pathogenesis of matrix-associated disorders and lead to the novel treatment strategies.
Early discussion of advance directives for patients with newly diagnosed cancer. (2016)

91 Background: Although advance care planning and the completion of advance directives (ADs) are important methods to prevent unwanted aggressive care once patients have lost their decision-making capacity, only a minority of patients have ADs at the time of cancer diagnosis. Methods: We established a new multidisciplinary outpatient clinic to provide comprehensive care to patients with newly diagnosed cancer at the Inova Dwight and Martha Schar Cancer Institute in Northern Virginia. Improvement in advance care planning was chosen as one of the first quality improvement initiatives for 2015. We started the first PDSA cycle after creating the team, establishing the problem and goal statement, and reviewing the process map. We had three measures including: 1. Inquiring whether the patient has advance directives or not at the time of scheduling their first appointment, 2. Provide written information about advance directives at the patient’s first visit, 3. Obtain advance directives by the third office visit. The goal for each measure was 90%, 90%, and 50% by the end of 2015. Results: Between May-June 2015, 65 patients were evaluable. Baseline rates were 26%, 2%, and 12%, respectively for measures 1, 2, and 3. In July 2015, we convened a staff meeting to review each staff’s role in the process of advance care planning. The new patient schedulers had training and created a telephone script to effectively communicate advance directives information with patients. The front desk staff included written information about advance care planning in the new patient information folders. Clinical staff were asked to address any questions or concerns that patients have and to encourage patients to complete the ADs by next visit. After this intervention, the rates increased to 100%, 44%, and 33%, respectively for measures 1, 2, and 3 in August and September, 2015 (n = 45). Conclusions: Early discussion about the ADs for newly diagnosed cancer patients at our outpatient clinic showed improvement in the rate of completed ADs by a third office visit.
Allosteric Regulation of Substrate Channeling in Tryptophan Synthase:  Modulation of thel-Serine Reaction in Stage I of the β-Reaction by α-Site Ligands, (2007)

In the tryptophan synthase bienzyme complex, indole produced by substrate cleavage at the alpha-site is channeled to the beta-site via a 25 A long tunnel. Within the beta-site, indole and l-Ser react with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in a two-stage reaction to give l-Trp. In stage I, l-Ser forms an external aldimine, E(Aex1), which converts to the alpha-aminoacrylate aldimine, E(A-A). Formation of E(A-A) at the beta-site activates the alpha-site >30-fold. In stage II, indole reacts with E(A-A) to give l-Trp. The binding of alpha-site ligands (ASLs) exerts strong allosteric effects on the reaction of substrates at the beta-site: the distribution of intermediates formed in stage I is shifted in favor of E(A-A), and the binding of ASLs triggers a conformational change in the beta-site to a state with an increased affinity for l-Ser. Here, we compare the behavior of new ASLs as allosteric effectors of stage I with the behavior of the natural product, d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Rapid kinetics and kinetic isotope effects show these ASLs bind with affinities ranging from micro- to millimolar, and the rate-determining step for conversion of E(Aex1) to E(A-A) is increased by 8-10-fold. To derive a structure-based mechanism for stage I, X-ray structures of both the E(Aex1) and E(A-A) states complexed with the different ASLs were determined and compared with structures of the ASL complexes with the internal aldimine [Ngo, H., Harris, R., Kimmich, N., Casino, P., Niks, D., Blumenstein, L., Barends, T. R., Kulik, V., Weyand, M., Schlichting, I., and Dunn, M. F. (2007) Biochemistry 46, 7713-7727].
Characterization of MMP-9 and -12 KO mice in a model of acute smoke exposure (2013)

Short-term cigarette smoke exposure in mice has been shown to exhibit some similarities to cell and cellmediated inflammation seen in COPD patients. We sought to identify biomarkers in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) that would characterize this inflammation. Mice were exposed; nose only, to 600 mg/m 3 of cigarette smoke from 2R4F Kentucky Reference cigarettes twice daily for three consecutive days. Sham smoked animals were exposed to room air. Shortterm cigarette smoke exposure induced a mild but statistically significant increase in total BAL cells in addition to a significant increase in neutrophils as compared with sham-exposed animals. Oral administration of dexamethasone did not attenuate total BAL cell or neutrophil counts. However, administration of an oral PDE4 inhibitor, significantly reduced percent neutrophil and macrophage counts. To assess expression of genes involved in this model, transcriptional profiling was performed on whole lungs harvested on day 4. Genes with the greatest fold increase included SAA3, CXCL1, 2 and 5 and NOXO1. In addition, multiplex analysis of BALF collected on day 4, revealed significant elevation in inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines and metalloproteinases. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and -12 knockout (KO) mice were also tested in this model to evaluate whether or not these deficiencies influence acute smoke-induced inflammation. Total BAL inflammation and neutrophil counts were decreased in smoke exposed MMP-9 and -12 KO mice compared to wild type controls. These effects, however seem to be strain dependent as they were noted only in BALB/c KO animals. Deficiencies in MMP-9 and -12 appear to be beneficial in having an anti-inflammatory effect following acute exposure to smoke.
Canopy (2017)

This paper presents Canopy, Facebook's end-to-end performance tracing infrastructure. Canopy records causally related performance data across the end-to-end execution path of requests, including from browsers, mobile applications, and backend services. Canopy processes traces in near real-time, derives user-specified features, and outputs to performance datasets that aggregate across billions of requests. Using Canopy, Facebook engineers can query and analyze performance data in real-time. Canopy addresses three challenges we have encountered in scaling performance analysis: supporting the range of execution and performance models used by different components of the Facebook stack; supporting interactive ad-hoc analysis of performance data; and enabling deep customization by users, from sampling traces to extracting and visualizing features. Canopy currently records and processes over 1 billion traces per day. We discuss how Canopy has evolved to apply to a wide range of scenarios, and present case studies of its use in solving various performance challenges.
The Enantioface-differentiating (Asymmetric) Hydrogenation of the C=O Double Bond with Modified Raney Nickel. XXXIV. The Adsorption Mode of 2-Hydroxy Acid on Raney Nickel (1980)

Abstract The adsorbed species of the modifying reagent and the surface states of the catalyst caused by the modification of a Raney nickel with 2-hydroxy acid at various pH regions were investigated. The adsorption mode of 2-hydroxy acid was proposed in each modifying-pH region; that is, (1) in a pH region intrinsic to the solution of the free 2-hydroxy acid, nickel salt of 2-hydroxy acid was adsorbed on the catalyst surface corroded by the acid; (2) under weakly acidic conditions, nickel salt and sodium salt of 2-hydroxy acid were adsorbed on the catalyst surface partially corroded by the acid; (3) under neutral conditions, the sodium salt was adsorbed on the surface of the fresh Raney nickel, and (4) under strongly basic conditions, the sodium salt and NaOH were adsorbed on the surface of the fresh Raney nickel.
Application of a 3D Reservoir Simulator with Biodegradation Capability to Evaluate Reservoir Souring Predictive Models (2010)

Abstract Reservoir souring is a process in which a previously sweet oil field starts to produce fluids (oil, gas, or water) that contain H2S. It is costly and difficult to address these problems after a field development plan is already in place. In this article, a new reservoir souring model developed and implemented in a chemical flooding simulator is used to evaluate the capabilities of the previous models on reservoir souring. This study reveals the limitations of the published models in prediction of reservoir souring in oil fields and advantages of the developed model and simulator. Keywords: biodegradationpredictionpredictive modelsreservoir souring
Altered Expression of Type XIII Collagen in Keratoconus and Scarred Human Cornea (2006)

The results indicate that ColXIII, which is predominantly confined to the basal corneal cells in the normal cornea, may have a role in the adhesion of corneal epithelial cells to each other and to the underlying basement membrane. Additionally, highly increased expression in scarred corneas suggests that it participates in the corneal wound healing process.
Synthèse et étude de complexes de ruthénium bipyridiniques fonctionnalisés par des groupes acide phosphonique pour l'élaboration de cellules photovoltaïques (2003)

Communication par affiche (présentée par H. Zabri)