gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant nivolumab (NIVO) plus ipilimumab (IPI) for resected high-risk stages IIIC/IV melanoma (MEL). (2016)

9586 Background: Patients (pts) with resected stage IIIC or IV melanoma are at very high-risk for recurrence and effective strategies for adjuvant therapy are needed. Combination NIVO + IPI yields high response rates but has a high rate of grades (G) 3-4 toxicities in advanced MEL. We examined the safety and efficacy of 2 dosing schedules of NIVO + IPI in resected stage IIIC and IV MEL pts. Methods: Resected stage IIIC/IV MEL pts who were free of disease, with adequate laboratory indices and performance status of 0-1 were treated with NIVO (1mg/kg) + IPI (3mg/kg) Q3 weeks X 4 doses (induction) followed by 2 years of NIVO at 3mg/kg Q2 weeks (Cohort A). Toxicities observed during induction led to opening of cohort B consisting of NIVO (3mg/kg) + IPI (1mg/kg) Q3 weeks X 4 doses followed by the same maintenance. Pre-defined criteria permitted initiation of NIVO maintenance following recovery from induction toxicity in both cohorts. Results: Twenty pts were treated in each cohort. Median age was 50 (22-78) in cohort A and 55 (29-77) in cohort B; stage IIIC pts constituted 65% and 60% of the respective cohorts. Toxicity precluded completion of all 4 induction doses in 50% in cohort A (most common was G3-4 ↑ AST and/or ALT in 7 pts) and 35% in cohort B. The most common G3-4 toxicities (minimum 5 events) are listed in the table. Hypophysitis developed in 28% (7 pts in cohort A). The incidence of ↑ AST/ALT, nausea, anorexia, cough, weight loss, neurotoxicity & endocrine toxicity was significantly higher in cohort A. In this group, 5 pts (25%) completed all induction doses and remain on NIVO maintenance; in group B, this number was 40%. There have been 4 relapses in cohort A, and 3 in cohort B. Only 1 pt in this high-risk study group has succumbed to MEL recurrence. At median follow-up of 21.3 months and 11 months respectively for the two cohorts, the median progression-free survival and overall survival have not been reached. Conclusions: In very high-risk resected MEL, adjuvant NIVO + IPI followed by maintenance NIVO has encouraging activity. Dosing per cohort B appears better tolerated and warrants further study. Clinical trial information: NCT01176474. A (n = 20) B (n = 20) ↑ Lipase 8 6 ↑ ALT / AST 8 / 5 1 / 1 ↑ Glucose 2 4 ↑ Amylase 3 3 Colitis 3 2 Vomiting 1 4
Subtyping of a Large Collection of Historical Listeria monocytogenes Strains from Ontario, Canada, by an Improved Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) (2013)

Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for severe and often fatal food-borne infections in humans. A collection of 2,421 L. monocytogenes isolates originating from Ontario's food chain between 1993 and 2010, along with Ontario clinical isolates collected from 2004 to 2010, was characterized using an improved multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). The MLVA method was established based on eight primer pairs targeting seven variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci in two 4-plex fluorescent PCRs. Diversity indices and amplification rates of the individual VNTR loci ranged from 0.38 to 0.92 and from 0.64 to 0.99, respectively. MLVA types and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were compared using Comparative Partitions analysis involving 336 clinical and 99 food and environmental isolates. The analysis yielded Simpson's diversity index values of 0.998 and 0.992 for MLVA and PFGE, respectively, and adjusted Wallace coefficients of 0.318 when MLVA was used as a primary subtyping method and 0.088 when PFGE was a primary typing method. Statistical data analysis using BioNumerics allowed for identification of at least 8 predominant and persistent L. monocytogenes MLVA types in Ontario's food chain. The MLVA method correctly clustered epidemiologically related outbreak strains and separated unrelated strains in a subset analysis. An MLVA database was established for the 2,421 L. monocytogenes isolates, which allows for comparison of data among historical and new isolates of different sources. The subtyping method coupled with the MLVA database will help in effective monitoring/prevention approaches to identify environmental contamination by pathogenic strains of L. monocytogenes and investigation of outbreaks.
Threshold Behavior of a Bistable Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal with a Large Tilt Angle in Thick Cells (4-14µm) (1988)

Threshold characteristics were measured of a cell consisting of a compound which shows a large tilt angle of 35° and possesses bistability in cells thicker than 4 µm. A value, which represents the sharpness of the threshold, V sat (max) / V th (min) , of 2.5 was obtained at T - T c =-20°C. The optical responses to two kinds of voltage waveform applications were also measured. The introduction of zero voltage periods improved the bistability and, consequently, made it possible to drive matrix displays.
Synthesis of Cefpodoxime Proxetil (2008)

1-Iodoethyl isopropyl carbonate(2), prepared from 1-chloroethyl chloroformate in 43.7% yield was used to prepare cefpodoxime proxetil by esterifi cation with cefpodoxime in 70% yield.
A Pilot Study on the Effects of S -Equol Compared to Soy Isoflavones on Menopausal Hot Flash Frequency (2012)

S-equol, 10 mg/day, appears to be as effective as soy isoflavones at reducing hot flash frequency and more effective for relieving muscle and joint pain in postmenopausal women. S-equol, ≥20 mg/day, alleviates hot flashes to a greater extent than soy isoflavones in those women who experience >8 hot flashes/day.
Development of Magnetically Suspended Vaneless Centrifugal Blood Pump for Cardiopulmonary Bypass (2003)

An ideal blood pump would provide sufficient flow rate against vessel pressure without hemolysis or thrombus formation. In preceding studies, it is known that non-contact operation by magnetic bearing system gives high mechanical reliability, low hemolysis and low thrombus formation. Therefore, in the present study a magnetically suspended vaneless centrifugal blood pump (MSVC-BP) has been developed for the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, in which the magnetic suspension centers the centrifugal rotor avoiding any contact. To predict the flow pattern in the pump head and to calculate shear stress on the rotor, numerical analysis has been performed using the TASCflow ® . In vitro tests of hydrodynamic performance of the present pump have been carried out in mock circular system with glycerin solution, attaining a maximum flow rate of 12 L/min at 2200 rpm. In vivo tests of hemodynamic performance of the pump have also led to reasonable results for clinical usage.
Hierarchical heterostructure of Ag-nanoparticle decorated fullerene nanorods (Ag–FNRs) as an effective single particle freestanding SERS substrate (2018)

A hierarchical heterostructure composed of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs: average diameter ∼10 nm) on fullerene nanorods (FNRs: average length ∼11 μm and average diameter ∼200 nm) was fabricated using a simple solution route. It was used as an effective single particle freestanding surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the detection of target molecules (Rhodamine 6G: R6G). FNRs were formed ultra-rapidly (formation process completed in a few seconds) at a liquid-liquid interface of methanol and C60/mesitylene solution then Ag-NPs were grown directly on the surfaces of the FNRs by treatment with a solution of silver nitrate in ethanol. This unique hierarchical heterostructure allows efficient adsorption of target molecules also acting as an effective SERS substrate capable of detecting the adsorbed R6G molecules in the nanomolar concentration range. In this study, SERS spectra are acquired on an isolated single Ag-FNR for the detection of the absorbed molecule rather than from a bulk, large area film composed of silver/gold nanoparticles as used in conventional methods. Thus, this work provides a new approach for the design and fabrication of freestanding SERS substrates for molecular detection applications.
Enzymatic Reduction of Mercurous Ions in Escherichia coli Bearing R Factor (1977)

Mercurous ion (Hg(+))-dependent reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidation was demonstrated in an extract from cells of Escherichia coli W2252 that bear R factor.
Direct evidence for positron annihilation from shallow traps (1987)

For deformed Ag the temperature dependence of the positron lifetime parameters is followed between 12 and 300 K. Clear direct evidence for positron trapping and annihilation at shallow traps, with a positron binding energy of 9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2 meV and annihilation characteristics very similar to those in the perfect lattice, are revealed. The shallow traps are annealed out below 600 K.
New Results in Atomic Physics at the Advanced Light Source (1995)

The Advanced Light Source is the world's first low-energy third-generation synchrotron radiation source. It has been running reliably and exceeding design specifications since it began operation in October 1993. It is available to a wide community of researchers in many scientific fields, including atomic and molecular science and chemistry. Here, new results in atomic physics at the Advanced Light Source demonstrate the opportunities available in atomic and molecular physics at this synchrotron light source. The unprecedented brightness allows experiments with high flux, high spectral resolution, and nearly 100% linear polarization.
Control Interface for Driving Interactive Characters in Immersive Virtual Environments (2006)

The effectiveness of training Soldiers in immersive 3D virtual environments is currently limited by character control interfaces that require users to learn actions, for example moving a joystick or pressing a button, that do not necessarily enhance the user's physical performance in equivalent real world tasks and situations. In order to address this need, an advanced man/machine user interface has been developed utilizing inertial position, orientation, ultrasonic range and foot force sensors that allows users to naturally control interactive character movements using sensorimotor responses that closely resemble the tasks and actions performed in the real world. Known as a Virtual Locomotion Controller (VLC), this paper describes the VLC system architecture, control logic and associated sensor processing and the simulation environment used to determine the feasibility of the approach.
Leafy Gall Formation Is Controlled by fasR , an AraC-Type Regulatory Gene in Rhodococcus fascians (2000)

Rhodococcus fascians can interact with many plant species and induce the formation of either leafy galls or fasciations. To provoke symptoms, R. fascians strain D188 requires pathogenicity genes that are located on a linear plasmid, pFiD188. The fas genes are essential for virulence and constitute an operon that encodes, among other functions, a cytokinin synthase gene. Expression of the fas genes is induced by extracts of infected plant tissue only. We have isolated an AraC-type regulatory gene, fasR, located on pFiD188, which is indispensable for pathogenesis and for fas gene expression. The combined results of our experiments show that in vitro expression of the fas genes in a defined medium is strictly regulated and that several environmental factors (pH, carbon and nitrogen sources, phosphate and oxygen content, and cell density) and regulatory proteins are involved. We further show that expression of the fas genes is controlled at both the transcriptional and the translational levels. The complex expression pattern probably reflects the necessity of integrating a multitude of signals and underlines the importance of the fas operon in the pathogenicity of R. fascians.
A highly stretchable, helical copper nanowire conductor exhibiting a stretchability of 700% (2014)

Recent advances in unconventional foldable and stretchable electronics have forged a new field in electronics. However, traditional conducting metal oxides and metal thin films are inappropriate as electrodes for stretchable devices because they are vulnerable to tensile strain as well as bending strain. In this study, we describe the fabrication of annealing-free, copper nanowire (CuNW)-based stretchable electrodes using an inexpensive metal source through a simple and scalable process at low temperature without a vacuum. We also introduce a reversible and extremely stretchable (up to 700% of strain) helical, CuNW-based conducting spring, which has not been previously used for stretchable electrodes. Jooho Moon, Sunho Jeong and colleagues in South Korea have fabricated conducting meshes and extremely stretchable helices from copper nanowires. Metallic nanowires that are randomly entangled with each other in flexible meshes are of interest as electrical conductors for stretchable electronics. The researchers from Yonsei University and the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology fabricated nanowires made of copper with a simple and scalable process based on room-temperature chemical synthesis. When the nanowires were deposited on a flexible polymer substrate, the resulting meshes could stretch to up to twice their original size. When shaped as a helix, the nanowires showed an even greater stretchability of up to 700%. Being more cost-efficient than the silver nanowires used previously for similar applications, these copper nanowires hold a great promise for stretchable electronic circuits or in wearable electronics. A highly stretchable CuNW electrode was fabricated on PDMS substrate by the vacuum filtration method. The fundamental stretchability of CuNW films was demonstrated with a newly structured PDMS matrix. Our novel helix-structured CuNW/PDMS electrode showed excellent stretchability at an extremely high strain of 700%, showing a resistance variation of 3.9.
A new efficient implementation of the oddly stacked Princen-Bradley filter bank (1994)

An improved implementation of the oddly stacked Princen-Bradley filter bank is proposed. The new implementation is based on the same approach as suggested by Duhamel et al. [1991], where the complex fast Fourier transform algorithm of length equal to half of the number of subbands is used in order to obtain a significant reduction of number of arithmetic operations. In the implementation, the analysis filter bank is similar to Duhamel's, with some minor differences. However, the synthesis filter bank is quite different, having easy and elegant merging of output rotations and windows and reduced arithmetic complexity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antigen-specific CD8+ T cell clone protects against acute Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. (1994)

Encephalitis caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in those afflicted with AIDS. The cell-mediated response is critical for host immunity against this parasite. A panel of T cell clones that proliferate in response to a major parasite protein, p30 (SAG-1) were isolated from mice. One of these clones (C3) bearing the CD8+ phenotype was able to induce nearly 100% protection against acute infection when adoptively transferred into naive mice. In contrast, an Ag-specific CD4+ T cell clone (C2) failed to show significant protection in spite of its ability to produce similar quantities of IFN-gamma. Depletion of host CD4+ T cells with mAb had no effect on CD8(+)-mediated adoptive protection, whereas treatment with anti-IFN-gamma completely abrogated this protection. These results indicate that Ag-specific CD8+ T cells in combination with IFN-gamma are able to induce significant protection against acute toxoplasmosis in the experimental murine model.
T-Cell-Stimulating Protein A Elicits Immune Responses during Meningococcal Carriage and Human Disease (2005)

In recognition of the need for immunological memory-inducing components for future Neisseria meningitidis group B vaccines, we previously searched the proteome of N. meningitidis and identified T-cell-stimulating protein A (TspA). This study was designed to confirm the immunogencity of TspA and to examine the subset of T-helper cell responses to the protein in patients and nasopharyngeal carriers. The tspA gene was reconstructed, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant TspA (rTspA) protein was affinity purified. T-cell proliferative responses to rTspA were detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of convalescent patients and carriers, confirming that TspA-specific T-cell responses were stimulated by invasive disease and nasopharyngeal colonization. Following stimulation of PBMCs with meningococcal lysate, increased frequencies of both Th1 and Th2 cells were observed, indicating that, as during carriage, invasive meningococcal disease induced an unbiased T-helper subset response. A similar unbiased T-helper response was also detected against rTspA in the PBMCs of convalescent patients. The response of PBMCs from the carriers to TspA stimulation, however, was very weak, and the frequencies of cytokine-positive CD4 cells were not significantly greater than the frequencies in unstimulated control cultures. All of the patients and carriers responded with serum antimeningococcal immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, while four of six samples from patients and 5 of 14 samples from carriers contained detectable anti-rTspA IgG antibodies. Taken together, the results of this study confirmed the immunogenicity of TspA in humans during natural meningococcal infection, and therefore, TspA is worthy of further investigation as a possible T-cell stimulating component of future vaccines.
An architecture for the notification, storage and retrieval of events (2021)

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:8723.247(no 494) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply Centre
EXPRESSION OF CELL-DEFINED H-Y ANTIGEN ON MOUSE EPIDERMAL CELLS (1984)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)5 of female origin that readily lysed syngeneic male lymphoid cells in specific, dose-dependent, H-2 restricted fashion had little or no activity against syngeneic male epidermal cells (EC) in short-term or long-term chromium-release assays. Moreover, although male EC were quite capable of priming syngeneic female lymphocytes in vivo for the accelerated rejection of male-specific skin grafts and for the subsequent generation of H-Y-specific CTL by exposure of primed female spleen cells (SC) to irradiated, syngeneic male SC in vitro, male EC themselves were incapable of stimulating the development of H-Y CTL when cocultured with primed female SC. Tests of EC from reciprocal male-female radiation chimeras revealed that keratinocytes, not marrow-derived EC (Langerhans cells), were responsible for the priming ability of EC in vivo. Moreover, H-Y antigen was serologically defined on EC that failed to express H-Y-specific CTL target-cell determinants. Alternative explanations of these findings are discussed, including the possibility that the inability of H-2-restricted T cells to lyse male EC results from the lack of association of H-Y antigen and H-2 restricting elements on the EC membrane.
Role of Apoptosis in Sarcopenia (2003)

Skeletal muscle atrophy and the loss of myofibers contribute to sarcopenia, a condition associated with normal aging. However, relatively little is known regarding the relevance of apoptosis to skeletal muscle homeostasis and the possible mechanisms involved, although evidence suggests that apoptosis may play a role during muscle aging. By age 80 it is estimated that humans generally lose 30%-40% of skeletal muscle fibers, particularly from muscles containing type II fibers such as the vastus lateralis muscle. Studies using rodents show that between a 20%-50% loss in muscle fibers occurs depending on the specific fiber type studied. Caspases (cysteine-dependent, aspartate-specific proteases) such as caspase-3 play an important role in mediating cell death in that many of the apoptotic signaling pathways, such as the mitochondrial-mediated, receptor-mediated, and sarcoplasmic-reticulum-mediated pathways, converge at caspase-3 in the caspase cascade. Studies show that with age the levels of several caspases are significantly increased. Therefore, the activation of these proteolytic caspases may be partly responsible for the initiation of muscle protein degradation, loss of muscle nuclei, which is associated with local atrophy, and finally into cell death of the myocyte.
Downregulation of nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 expression suppresses cell migration, proliferation and invasion in renal cell carcinoma (2016)

Following the publication of the above article, the authors have realized that Fig. 5A was published with certain errors; essentially, the authors needed to perform further experiments to validate certain of their results, and the Blank and si‑NC control data in Fig. 5A were included from an incorrect set of experiments (the intended si‑NUSAP1 experimental data from the flow cytometric analyses, however, were presented correctly in the published Figure). The corrected version of Fig. 5, featuring the panels for the Blank and si‑NC control data in Fig. 5A from the same set of experiments, is shown opposite. The authors have confirmed that the errors associated with this figure did not have any significant impact on either the results or the conclusions reported in this study, and are grateful to the Editor of Oncology Reports for allowing them the opportunity to publish this Corrigendum. Furthermore, they apologize to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [the original article was published in Oncology Reports 36: 1506-1516, 2016; DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4955].
Neuroprotective effect of HT008‐1, a prescription of traditional Korean medicine, on transient focal cerebral ischemia model in rats (2010)

HT008-1 is one of the prescriptions used in Traditional Korean Medicine for the treatment of mental and physical weakness. It is composed of Panax ginseng, Acanthopanax senticosus, Angelica sinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis, which have been reported to have various pharmacological effects on the central nervous system. The study investigated whether HT008-1 has neuroprotective effects in a focal cerebral ischemia rat model. Stroke was induced in rats by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by 22 h of reperfusion. HT008-1 (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) and the component herbs (300 mg/kg) were administered orally twice at 0 and 2 h after ischemia. Oral administration of 300 mg/kg HT008-1 reduced brain infarction by 45.7%, prolonged the latency time by 24.8% in the rotarod test, and enhanced the score by 17.0% in the balance beam test. Only P. ginseng and S. baicalensis showed protective effects, and HT008-1 showed a greater effect than its component herbs. HT008-1 down-regulated the COX-2 and OX-42 expression in the penumbra region. In conclusion, the results show that HT008-1 may be effective in a rat stroke model by an antiinflammatory mechanism and may improve sensory-motor function by reducing damage in the cortex and caudoputamen.