gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adapting an object detector by considering the worst case: A conservative approach (2011)

The performance of an offline-trained classifier can be improved on-site by adapting the classifier towards newly acquired data. However, the adaptation rate is a tuning parameter affecting the performance gain substantially. Poor selection of the adaptation rate may worsen the performance of the original classifier. To solve this problem, we propose a conservative model adaptation method by considering the worst case during the adaptation process. We first construct a random cover of the set of the adaptation data from its partition. For each element in the cover (i.e. a portion of the whole adaptation data set), we define the cross-entropy error function in the form of logistic regression. The element in the cover with the maximum cross-entropy error corresponds to the worst case in the adaptation. Therefore we can convert the conservative model adaptation into the classic min-max optimization problem: finding the adaptation parameters that minimize the maximum of the cross-entropy errors of the cover. Taking the object detection as a testbed, we implement an adapted object detector based on binary classification. Under different adaptation scenarios and different datasets including PASCAL, ImageNet, INRIA, and TUD-Pedestrian, the proposed adaption method achieves significant performance gain and is compared favorably with the state-of-the-art adaptation method with the fine tuned adaptation rate. Without the need of tuning the adaptation rates, the proposed conservative model adaptation method can be extended to other adaptive classification tasks.
Privacy-Aware Knowledge Discovery: Novel Applications and New Techniques (2010)

Covering research at the frontier of this field, Privacy-Aware Knowledge Discovery: Novel Applications and New Techniques presents state-of-the-art privacy-preserving data mining techniques for application domains, such as medicine and social networks, that face the increasing heterogeneity and complexity of new forms of data. Renowned authorities from prominent organizations not only cover well-established results-they also explore complex domains where privacy issues are generally clear and well defined, but the solutions are still preliminary and in continuous development. Divided into seve
3D bioprinting of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) hydrogel with intrinsic osteogenicity (2017)

In bone regenerative medicine there is a need for suitable bone substitutes. Hydrogels have excellent biocompatible and biodegradable characteristics, but their visco-elastic properties limit their applicability, especially with respect to 3D bioprinting. In this study, we modified the naturally occurring extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA), in order to yield photo-crosslinkable hydrogels with increased mechanical stiffness and long-term stability, and with minimal decrease in cytocompatibility. Application of these tailor-made methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) gels for bone tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting was the subject of investigation. Visco-elastic properties of MeHA gels, measured by rheology and dynamic mechanical analysis, showed that irradiation of the hydrogels with UV light led to increased storage moduli and elastic moduli, indicating increasing gel rigidity. Subsequently, human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were incorporated into MeHA hydrogels, and cell viability remained 64.4% after 21 days of culture. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs occurred spontaneously in hydrogels with high concentrations of MeHA polymer, in absence of additional osteogenic stimuli. Addition of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to the culture medium further increased osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by increased matrix mineralisation. MeHA hydrogels demonstrated to be suitable for 3D bioprinting, and were printed into porous and anatomically shaped scaffolds. Taken together, photosensitive MeHA-based hydrogels fulfilled our criteria for cellular bioprinted bone constructs within a narrow window of concentration.
Modulatory Effects of 6‐Carboxymethylthiopurine on Activated Murine Macrophages (2008)

The immunological activity of macrophages against pathogens in hosts includes the phagocytosis and the production of nitric oxide. We report herein the investigation of the effect of 6-carboxymethylthiopurine on nitric oxide production by murine macrophages as well as its effect on the cell viability and proliferation after stimulus with Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin, interferon-gamma or a combination of both. J774A.1 macrophages stimulated or not by bacille Calmette-Guérin (20 microg/mL), interferon-gamma or both, were cultured in the presence of 6-carboxymethylthiopurine (125, 250 and 500 microm). Nitric oxide production was measured by the Griess method and cell viability/proliferation by the diphenyltetrazolium assay [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. We observed an increase of J774A.1 cell proliferation after stimulus with bacille Calmette-Guérin at 125, 250 and 500 microm (69.1, 124.0 and 89.7%, respectively) and with interferon-gamma at 125 and 250 microm (64.8% and 61.7%, respectively) (p < 0.05). In all cultures treated with 6-carboxymethylthiopurine, interferon-gamma-activated nitric oxide production by J774A.1 cells decreased as well as when subjected to interferon-gamma plus bacille Calmette-Guérin stimuli at 500 microm (p < 0.05). Altogether these data point to an anti-inflammatory effect of 6-carboxymethylthiopurine on stimulated macrophages.
Specificities of data page representation in projection type optical holographic memory system (2015)

The matter of the present article covers the results obtained during the development of holographic memory record system based on projection of computer-generated amplitude Fourier holograms. The basic issue is the investigation of representation specificities of binary data pages, which were choose to be encoded on computer-generated amplitude Fourier hologram and then recorded on photosensitive medium as microhologram using simple projection optics and spatial light modulator. Limitations of data page resolution caused by limited resolution of SLM that is used to display the digitally synthesized holograms are discussed. Also the results of random phase coding of data page during the holograms synthesis research are presented.
QUANTITATIVE APPLICATION OF BIODEGRADATION DATA TO ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENTS (1995)

Biodegradation is an important removal mechanism for natural and synthetic organic chemicals released to aquatic, benthic, and terrestrial ecosystems. It results in a decrease in the overall mass or load of chemicals present in the environment and is key in preventing the accumulation and persistence of chemicals in specific environmental compartments. Although biodegradation is an important process for minimizing potential adverse impacts on environmental systems, it has not been traditionally considered in a quantitative fashion in environmental risk assessments. This article outlines an approach and provides simple kinetic criteria for incorporating biodegradation rate data into environmental exposure and risk assessments. The approach is a generic one that relates biodegradation half-lives to chemical residence times in specific environmental compartments. It is broadly applicable to any organic chemical in a range of environmental compartments and has potential use as a technical and regulatory tool to better quantify environmental exposure and risk.
Full‐wave analysis of planar radiofrequency coils and coil arrays with assumed current distribution (2002)

Abstract For the analysis of single radiofrequency (RF) surface coils at frequencies commonly used for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, magnetostatic analysis often provides sufficiently accurate results. However, the availability of higher field whole body magnets and the widespread use of RF coil arrays have demonstrated the need for more accurate solutions. While more advanced approaches are available, such as the finite‐element method or integral equation methods, commercial codes are not widely available and the techniques can be difficult to implement. This paper presents a computationally and analytically simple full‐wave analysis method to determine the self and mutual impedances and magnetic fields of planar RF coils and coil arrays. The approach is formulated in the spectral domain and results in a computationally efficient method that includes the conductivity and permittivity of a planar load. Thus, high‐field shielding effects are included. As described here, the method requires knowledge of the current distribution on the coils, which can be assumed to be constant in the case of simple rectangular or circular coil elements or determined from other methods such as equivalent circuit analysis in the case of more complicated structures. Complete expressions for the calculation of self and mutual impedances and the magnetic fields of circular and rectangular coils are provided. Examples are shown which demonstrate effects not modeled by quasistatics, including shielding effects and frequency‐dependent field asymmetries. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance (Magn Reson Engineering) 15: 2–14, 2002.
Doxepin incorporated into a dermatologic cream: an assessment of both doxepin antipruritic action and doxepin action as an inhibitor of papules, in allergen and histamine-caused pruritus. (2000)

"Doxederm", a 5% doxepin hydrochloride ("doxepin") cream, has been used for assessments on patients' response to histamine and allergens by means of a prick test. Parameters selected papule diameters, and pruritus intensity. Doxederm was applied: (a) immediately before tests, (b) 10 minutes after tests, and (c) 72 hours before tests. All test reactions have been compared to similar tests that had been performed with a placebo cream. Tests yielded the following findings: (1) a remarkable remission of pruritus when doxederm was applied according to above mentioned (a), (b), and (c) schedules; (2) no inhibition of papule size --should either antigens or histamine be administered, could be observed when doxederm was applied immediately before tests or 10 minutes after tests had been performed (p > 0.10 vs placebo); (3) an evident remission of papules when doxederm had been applied 72 hours before tests were performed. No difference, however, could be detected with patientś forearms placebo cream had been applied whereon (difference among previously observed papules, and papules observed 72 after doxederm application: p > 0.005. Difference between doxederm and placebo: p > 0.10). Pursuant to the above mentioned observations, it can be suggested that doxederm evidences a highly siwft response on pruritus. Doxederm local effect, however, does not alter histaminic responses. Responses, however, are likely to be altered after a doxederm percutaneous absorption.
Characterization of wound drainage fluids as a source of soluble factors associated with wound healing: comparison with platelet‐rich plasma and potential use in cell culture (2007)

Wound fluids, human serum from platelet-poor and platelet-rich plasma (SPPP and SPRP), contain various soluble factors involved in cell growth and proliferation. Levels of cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in drainage fluids (DFs) harvested from subcutaneous wounds, punctured fluids (PF) from seroma, and SPPP were measured. SPPP and SPRP from four healthy volunteers were also subjected to the analysis. Biochemical profiles of DF reflected the sequential stages of wound healing. Early-phase DF contained high concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor and EGF. The levels of keratinocyte growth factor, interleukin-6, and MMP-8 in DF peaked on days 2-3, while vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-8, and MMP-1 increased over time during days 0-6. Punctured fluids contained high levels of TGF-beta1, keratinocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and MMP-1. Experiments using human adipose-derived stem cells and dermal fibroblasts cultured in media containing various concentrations of DF and fetal bovine serum suggested that for some cell types, DF-contained growth factors that are not obtained from SPRP could be used to supplement or substitute for serum in culture media. SPRP and DF are economical ready-made mixtures of serum and autologous soluble factors, and may be differentially useful for regenerative therapies.
Hardware-software co-design of embedded systems using CoWare's N2C methodology for application development (2003)

The aim of this paper is to present the technology assessment of the N2C of CoWare inc. approach in the co-design/co-simulation problem. The test bench to be used is a telecommunication application implementing the Medium Access (MAC) layer and the RF-IF part of the Physical (PHY) layer of the DECT protocol stack. These are part of a single-chip solution for the baseband processor of a mobile phone. This approach will be evaluated in comparison with the current industrial practice. N2C technology aims to fill very specific gaps in existing tool platforms and more specifically: high-level system modeling, HW-SW co-simulation and interface generation. It also supports additional co-design tasks like partitioning and co-synthesis. The final goal of this assessment is to isolate and point out the actual industrial needs for co-design through the evaluation of N2C according to the above characteristics.
Importance of cardiac magnetic resonance parameters and epicardial adipose tissue for risk stratification in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (2013)

Purpose: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) shows a variable disease course and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. So far, left ventricular function (LVF) is the major determinant for risk stratification. However, since it has shown to be a poor guide to outcome, we studied the prognostic importance of other cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) parameters and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Methods and results: 140 patients with DCM (77% men, mean age 59.2±13.9 years) underwent late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR. During the median follow-up of 3 years, 22 (15.7%) died and 51 (36.4%) were hospitalised due to congestive heart failure (CHF). Patients who died were significantly older, were more likely to be female, had a more severe left and right ventricular dysfunction, a significantly pronounced left and right ventricular dilatation, a significantly decrease amount of EAT and a higher prevalence of LGE compared to the event-free patients with DCM. Female gender (HR 4.04, 95% CI 1.57-10.37, p=0.004), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVF) below the median of 38% (HR 3.67, 95% CI 1.33-10.07, p=0.1), TAPSE below the median of 1.7cm (HR 2.35, 95% CI 0.95-5.85, p=0.07) as well as the presence of LGE (HR 2.29, 95% CI 0.94-5.58, p=0.07) were independent predictors of all cause mortality in multivariate Cox regression analysis. DCM patients who were hospitalised due to CHF during follow-up also had a significantly reduced left and right ventricular ejection fraction as well as enlarged left and right ventricular cavities compared to event-free DCM patients. Cox regression analysis showed that RVEF below the median of 38% (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.44-4.63, p=0.001) was the only independent predictor of hospitalisation. Conclusion: Our study showed that RVF, TAPSE, female gender and the presence of LGE were independent predictors of survival in patients with DCM. Furthermore, a reduced RVF also predicted the occurrence of hospitalisation due to CHF. Therefore, these parameters seem to be important indicators of a worse prognosis in patients with DCM emphasizing the importance of CMR in risk stratification.
Chapter 7 Infrared Laser Spectroscopy of Transient Species (2002)

The infrared region (arbitrarily taken as 100 – 10,000 cm-1) provides a unique window through which to view molecules (Bernath, 1990, 1995 and 1996). Molecules have their vibrational spectra in the infrared region, although some light species such as H2O and HF have infrared pure
Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters and Associations With Brain, Behavior, and Daily Function in Mood, Anxiety, and Trauma Disorders (2017)

These findings offer a data-driven framework for identifying robust subtypes that signify specific, coherent, meaningful associations between symptoms, behavior, brain function, and observable real-world function, and that cut across DSM-IV-defined diagnoses of major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder.
RNA seq- and DEG-based comparison of developmental toxicity in fish embryos of two species exposed to Iranian heavy crude oil Toxicology & pharmacology (2017)

To determine and compare the toxic effects of Iranian heavy crude oil (IHCO) on the embryonic development of two fish species, we examined transcriptome profiles using RNA-seq. The assembled contigs were 66,070 unigenes in olive flounder embryos and 76,498 unigenes in spotted seabass embryos. In the differential gene expression (DEG) profiles, olive flounder embryos showed different up- and down-regulated patterns than spotted seabass embryos in response to fresh IHCO (FIHCO) and weathered IHCO (WIHCO). In this work, we categorized DEG profiles into six pathways: ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and cardiac muscle contraction, validating the expression patterns of 13 DEGs using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of the CYP1A, CYP1B1, and CYP1C1 genes in spotted seabass embryos was higher than in olive flounder embryos, whereas genes related to cell processing, development, and the immune system showed the opposite trend. Orthologous gene cluster analysis showed that olive flounder embryos were sensitive (fold change of genes with cutoff P<0.05) to both FIHCO and WIHCO, but spotted seabass embryos exhibited higher sensitivity to WIHCO than FIHCO, indicating that species-specific differences are likely to be reflected in population levels after oil spills. Overall, our study provides new insight on the different embryonic susceptibilities of two marine fish species to FIHCO and WIHCO and a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms via RNA-seq and DEGs.
Selective Area Chemical Vapor Deposition of Si[sub 1−x]Ge[sub x] Thin Film Alloys by the Alternating Cyclic Method: A Thermodynamic Analysis. II. The System Si-Ge-Cl-H-Ar (2000)

Results of the thermodynamic analyses of the system Si‐Ge‐Cl‐H‐Ar useful for depositing thin film alloys are presented. It is demonstrated that the use of argon as an inert carrier gas should lower the temperature of deposition of the alloy, increase the efficiency of deposition at a given temperature, and lower the temperature for onset of deposition composition plateaus. In addition, the use of an inert carrier gas such as argon should minimize back diffusion and flow rate perturbations during alternating cyclic (A.C.) selective area deposition of alloys. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Voice controlled automation system (2008)

In this era of technology, rapid advancements are being made in the field of automation and signal processing. The developments made in digital signal processing are being applied in the field of automation, communication systems and biomedical engineering. Controlling through human speech is one of the fascinating applications of digital signal processing (DSP) and Automation Systems. This paper discusses the speech recognition and its application in control mechanism. Speech recognition can be used to automate many tasks that usually require hands-on human interaction, such as recognizing simple spoken commands to perform something like turning on lights or shutting a door or driving a motor. After speech recognition, a particular code related to spoken word is transferred through wireless communication system to 8051 microcontroller and it works accordingly. Many techniques have been used to compare the pattern of the speech signals and recent technological advancements have made recognition of more complex speech patterns possible. Despite these breakthroughs, however, current efforts are still far away from 100% recognition of natural human speech. Therefore, the project is considered involving processing of a speech signal in any form as a challenging and rewarding one.
Surface states and their possible role in the superconductivity ofMgB2 (2002)

We report layer-Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker calculations for bulk and surface states (SFS) as well as the corresponding photoemission intensities of ${\mathrm{MgB}}_{2}.$ Our theoretical results reproduce very well the recent angle resolved photoemission data by Uchiyama et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 157002 (2002)]. At least two SFS are assigned. Consequences of SFS on the anisotropy of the upper critical fields and other properties in the superconducting state of grains in micropowder samples are discussed.
Summary of Gateway Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) Studies (2019)

NASA's Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) is based on a joint industry/NASA demonstration of an advanced solar electric propulsion powered spacecraft to meet commercial and NASA objectives. The PPE can establish the initial presence in cislunar space for the Gateway through initial operations and the subsequent deployment of additional partner-provided elements for the cislunar platform. Five commercial vendors were selected to conduct PPE studies which addressed key drivers for PPE development and support for the Gateway concept formulation. The study vendors focused on their performance trades and assessing their strategic capabilities, leveraging their existing and planned capabilities for PPE development. The industry studies examined differences between prior Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) mission concepts, expected industry capabilities, and potential needs supporting NASA's Gateway concept. These studies provided data on commercial capabilities relevant to NASA's exploration needs and reduced risk for a new, powerful, and efficient SEP-based PPE spacecraft.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Route to Cross‐Conjugated 4‐Oxo‐5‐alkylidene‐2‐ cyclopentenecarboxylates by Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Vicinal Carbonylation of 4‐ En‐2‐ynyl Carbonates. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and Realization of Virtual Scene System in UAV Electronic Warfare (2009)

In view of the actual requirement of UAV electronic warfare and the use of virtual reality technology and visualization technology, we establish a platform for virtual simulation system and analyze the main functions of various modules including the data link simulation, electromagnetic simulation environment, and tactical simulation exercise in the system. And then we expatiate the methods and steps to implement the system, and introduce the methods that using the OpenGL functions to implement the visual mapping of electromagnetic signal. In the end, it implements the system functions by programming.