gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of cellular biosynthetic activity in the retracting collagen lattice. (1987)

When included in a free floating collagen lattice, several types of cells and fibroblasts attach to the collagen polymers, retract the gel, and their biosynthetic activity is repressed. Under similar conditions transformed pulmonary epithelial rat (PER) cells are unable to attach to the fibers and to significantly retract the lattice. Retraction can be induced by adding fibronectin (fn) and factor XIII (FXIII) together. This effect is fibronectin dose dependent and observed with a maximum efficiency for FXIII concentrations of 0.1 U/ml and above. Fibronectin or FXIII alone has only a limited effect on retraction. This experimental model allowed us to study the biosynthetic activity of PER cells under various degrees of cell interaction (control less than FXIII less than fn less than fn + FXIII) with their three-dimensional collagen support. The more the cells interacted with their support and retracted the gel, the more protein and collagen synthesis were reduced. This effect was observed for the products deposited in the cell layer and for those released in the medium. Increasing collagen concentration in a nonretracting lattice to a final density obtained in a maximally retracted lattice resulted in a much lower repression of biosynthetic activity. Fn and FXIII added at the same concentrations in monolayer cultures did not produce significant modification in biosynthetic activities. We propose that the regulation of the biosynthetic activity of adherent cells contracting the lattice is related to mechanical information resulting from the interactions between the cells and their support.
Development of sequential build-up multilayer printed wiring boards in Japan (2003)

Printed Wiring Boards (PWB) made by Sequential Build-Up (SBU) processes have found a wide application in semiconductor packaging substrates and system in package substrates, besides usage as a conventional printed wiring board. Its capability for high density circuits can contain multi-functional electronic circuits within a small surface area and can achieve light weight and low-profile products with improved electric characteristics. A number of processes and materials were developed and are used for each application in each electronic product. The advancement of printed wiring boards is expected to continue, driven by the requirements from electronic products. Technical development activities are needed to satisfy these requirements. Activities are still high in the development of embedded passive technology, which will equip printed wiring boards with the functions of passive components resistance (R), capacitance (C) and inductance (L) - as well as the conventional interconnection functions of conductors between components. This technology will dramatically change the structure of printed wiring boards and complicate the fabrication processes. Material development will be a key issue in the case of embedded resistors and capacitors.
Single-cycle Terahertz Pulses with >0.2 V/A Field Amplitudes via Coherent Transition Radiation (2011)

We demonstrate terahertz pulses with field amplitudes exceeding 0.2 V/{angstrom} generated by coherent transition radiation. Femtosecond, relativistic electron bunches generated at the Linac Coherent Light Source are passed through a beryllium foil, and the emitted radiation is characterized as a function of the bunch duration and charge. Broadband pulses centered at a frequency of 10 THz with energies of 140 {mu}J are measured. These far-below-bandgap pulses drive a nonlinear optical response in a silicon photodiode, with which we perform nonlinear autocorrelations that yield information regarding the terahertz temporal profile. Simulations of the spatiotemporal profile agree well with experimental results.
Variation of Σ3 and Coherent Σ3 Boundary Fraction with Thickness in Nanometric Cu Films (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
DNA-Level Characterization ofHelicobacter pyloriStrains from Patients with Overt Disease and with Benign Infections in Bangladesh (2003)

The complex relation between the genotype of Helicobacter pylori and its association with clinical outcome is not well understood. Studies in the West have showed that strains expressing certain virulence factors (vacAs1, vacAm1, and cagA) are associated with duodenal ulcer disease. However, the H. pylori genotype is known to vary with geographic region. In the present study, we compared several virulence markers (cagA, vacA, and iceA) and neutral markers (IS605, IS606, and IS608) in H. pylori strains isolated from 65 adult patients with peptic ulcer (PU) and 50 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). PCR tests indicated that cagA is present in 75% of the strains from patients with PU compared to 55% in patients with NUD, and 80% of the isolates from patients with PU carried potentially toxigenic vacAs1 alleles of the vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) compared to 60% in isolates from patients with NUD. However, no significant difference in any other virulence marker was observed in isolates from both groups. Phylogenetic analysis of the vacA middle region and the 5' end of the cagA gene indicates that Bangladeshi isolates are more closely related to H. pylori isolates from India and are different from isolates from East Asia.
Synthesis of heterometallic metal–organic frameworks and their performance as electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction (2018)

Herein we report the solventless synthesis and doping of the benchmark HKUST-1(Cu) as a facile route to afford heterometallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) having proficient behavior as electrocatalytic materials in the reduction of carbon dioxide. Zn(ii), Ru(iii) and Pd(ii) were selected as doping metals (M<sub>D</sub>) with the aim of partially replacing the Cu(ii) atoms of the pristine structure to afford HKUST-1(Cu,M<sub>D</sub>) type materials. Apart from the high yield and good crystallinity of the obtained materials, the extremely high reagent concentration that the reaction conditions imply makes it feasible to control dopant loading in all cases. Prepared samples were processed as electrodes and assembled in a continuous flow filter-press electrochemical cell. Faraday efficiency to methanol and ethanol at Ru(iii)-based electrodes resulted in activity as high as 47.2%, although the activity of the material decayed with time. The interplay of the dopant metal and copper(ii), and the long-term performance are also discussed.
7. Allometric Tissue-scale Forces Drive Pathological Foreign Body Response To Biomedical Implants By Activating Mechanoresponsive Immune Cells (2022)

Purpose: Decision regret is an important long-term outcome in evaluating decision-making following surgery. The decision to undergo postmastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) is complex. We developed the Preconsultation Education Group Intervention (PEGI) as a decision support tool to educate patients about PMBR. PEGI was previously shown to significantly increase patient knowledge of PMBR. In this study, we investigate the effect of PEGI on decision regret at 6 months postconsultation. Methods: Patients referred to University Health Network (UHN) for PMBR were randomized to receive PEGI or routine education (control) groups preconsultation. Patients filled questionnaires at baseline (T0), one week postconsultation (T1) and 6 months postconsultation (T2). Outcome measures were assessed using the BREAST-Q Satisfaction with Information at T1, Decision Regret Scale at T2, Satisfaction with Decision Scale at T2, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at T2. Results: Of the 156 patients randomized, 137 patients completed the T1 questionnaires. Satisfaction with Information was significantly higher at T1 in PEGI with a median (IQR) of 75 (60, 85) compared to controls with 64 (51, 74) (p=0.02). Of the 137 patients, 97 completed their outcome measures at T2. Forty patients had undergone surgery by T2, of which 27 (67.5%) underwent autologous reconstruction, 7 (17.5%) had implant-based reconstruction, and 6 (15%) had mixed implants with latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction. There was no significant difference in decision regret or satisfaction with decision between the two groups. Decision regret was low overall, with 19.6% expressing no regret, 40.2% expressing mild regret, 40.2% expressing moderate regret, and none expressing high regret. Additionally, the two groups had similar levels of anxiety at T2. Furthermore, we found that undergoing PMBR was associated with lower decision regret (r= -0.344, p=0.001). Lower decision regret was also associated with lower anxiety levels at T2 (rs= 0.374, p<0.001). Lastly, lower decision regret was significantly correlated with higher BREAST-Q Satisfaction with Information at T1 (rs= -0.22, p=0.032). Conclusion: The decision support tool PEGI had no effect on long-term decision regret or satisfaction with decision, but significantly increased patient reported satisfaction with information. Overall, lower long-term decision regret was associated with undergoing PMBR, reduced anxiety, and increased satisfaction with information regardless of the preconsultation education method.
Predicting mechanical properties of cold rolled low carbon steel based on magnetic parameter measurement using artificial neural network (2010)

In this report, the feasibility of predicting mechanical properties using magnetic parameters measurements and artificial neural network (ANN) will be presented. The yield and ultimate tensile strength are predicted by means of two back-propagation neural networks on the basis of hysteresis loop parameter measurements and sample thickness. Inductive measurements are carried out with exciting and pickup coils attached to the magnetizing yoke. Therefore, remanence (B <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> ), coercive force (H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> ), the hysteresis loss (W <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">h</inf> ), maximum relative differential permeability (μ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r max</inf> ) and harmonic components of the field and flux density extracted and used as input parameters for training neural network. The individual influence of several input parameters are shown and compared with metallurgical phenomena. The ANN, shown good performance and the results are in agreement with the experimental results. The developed model can be used as an on-line non-destructive evaluation technique.
Brillouin scattering from cross-linked gels (1992)

In this letter we report Brillouin scattering measurements on methyl-methacrylate (MMA) gels crosslinked with varying amounts of ethylene-dimethacrylate (EDMA). We find that the k dependence of the phase velocity changes on increasing the cross-link content. For higher concentrations of crosslink we observe maxima and minima in the k dependence of the phase velocity. We associate these minima and maxima with spatial inhomogeneities in the gel, with the formation of regions of low and high cross-link density, respectively. This micro-phase separation is frozen in by the presence of the already existing spanning network.
Identifying the differential effects of silymarin constituents on cell growth and cell cycle regulatory molecules in human prostate cancer cells (2008)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men; urgent measures are warranted to lower this deadly malignancy. Silymarin is a known cancer chemopreventive agent, but the relative anticancer efficacy of its constituents is still unknown. Here, we compared the efficacy of 7 pure flavonolignan compounds isolated from silymarin, namely silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silydianin, isosilydianin, silychristin and isosilychristin, in advanced human PCa PC3 cells. Silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silibinin and silymarin strongly inhibited the colony formation by PC3 cells (p < 0.001), while silydianin, silychristin and isosilychristin had marginal effect (p < 0.05). Using cell growth and death assays, we identified isosilybin B as the most effective isomer. FACS analysis for cell cycle also showed that silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silibinin and silymarin treatment resulted in strong cell cycle arrest in PC3 cells after 72 hr of treatment, while the effect of silydianin, silychristin and isosilychristin was marginal (if any). Western blot analysis also showed the differential effect of these compounds on the levels of cell cycle regulators-cyclins (D, E, A and B), CDKs (Cdk2, 4 and Cdc2), CDKIs (p21 and p27) and other cell cycle regulators (Skp2, Cdc25A, B, C and Chk2). This study provided further evidence for differential anticancer potential among each silymarin constituent, which would have potential implications in devising better formulations of silymarin against prostate and other cancers.
Selective Synthesis of Silacycles by Borane‐Catalyzed Domino Hydrosilylation of Proximal Unsaturated Bonds: Tunable Approach to 1,n‐Diols (2017)

Abstract The tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron‐catalyzed domino hydrosilylation of substrates carrying unsaturated functionalities in a proximal arrangement is presented to produce silacycles. Excellent levels of efficiency and selectivity were achieved in the cyclization by the deliberate choice of the hydrosilane reagents. The key to successful cyclic hydrosilylation is the reactivity enhancement of the second intramolecular hydrosilylation by a proximity effect. Not only dienes but also enones, enynes, ynones and enimines readily afford medium‐sized silacycles under convenient and mild conditions. The cyclization proceeds with acceptable diastereoselectivity mainly controlled by the conformational bias towards inducing additional stereogenic centers. The silacycles obtained from this reaction were converted to 1,n‐diols or 1,n‐amino alcohols upon oxidation, thus rendering the present cyclization a powerful tool for accessing synthetically valuable building blocks. magnified image
Discrete Solution of Differential Equations by P Metabolic Algorithm (2006)

The relationships existing between MP graphs, metabolic P systems, and&#13;\nODE systems are investigated. Formal results show that every MP system, once derived&#13;\nby its MP graph, results in an ODE system whose solution equals, in the limit, the solution&#13;\nobtained by a non-cooperative MP system that is ODE equivalent to the original one.&#13;\nThe freedom of choice of the ODE equivalent from the original MP system resembles the&#13;\nsame freedom which is left in the choice and optimization of a numerical scheme while&#13;\ncomputing the solution of an ODE system.
Reducing Reverse-Bias Current in 450°C-Annealed n+p Junction by Hydrogen Radical Sintering (1995)

Ultra-shallow n + p junctions featuring very low reverse-bias current densities ( 3.1×10 -9 A·cm -2 at 5 V) have been successfully formed at a post-implantation annealing temperature as low as 450° C. Such a low reverse-bias current level has been achieved by eliminating residual point defects remaining after 450° C post-implantation annealing. A newly developed hydrogen radical sintering ( H * sintering) is presented as a promising method to eliminate these defects and thus improve the characteristics of junctions formed by low-temperature post-implantation annealing.
Lithium Ameliorates Neurodegeneration, Suppresses Neuroinflammation, and Improves Behavioral Performance in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury (2011)

Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as one of the leading causes of death from trauma to the central nervous system (CNS), no known treatment effectively mitigates its effects. Lithium, a primary drug for the treatment of bipolar disorder, has been known to have neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative conditions such as stroke. Until this study, however, it has not been investigated as a post-insult treatment for TBI. To evaluate whether lithium could have beneficial effects following TBI, lithium at a dose of 1.5 mEq/kg was administered after injury. Assessed at 3 days and 3 weeks post-injury using hematoxylin and eosin staining, lithium treatment was found to reduce lesion volume. Lithium at doses of 2.0 and 3.0 mEq/kg also significantly reduced lesion volume at 3 days after injury, and the therapeutic window was at least 3 h post-injury. TBI-induced neuronal death, microglial activation, and cyclooxygenase-2 induction were all attenuated by lithium at 3 days after injury. In addition, lithium treatment reduced TBI-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and preserved the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. As for behavioral outcomes, lithium treatment reduced anxiety-like behavior in an open-field test, and improved short- and long-term motor coordination in rotarod and beam-walk tests. Lithium robustly increased serine phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), suggesting that the underlying mechanisms responsible for lithium's protective effects are triggered by increasing phosphorylation of this kinase and thereby inhibiting its activity. Our results support the notion that lithium has heretofore unrecognized capacity to mitigate the neurodegenerative effects and improve functional outcomes in TBI.
Induction of HIV-1 replication in a chronically infected T-cell line by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (1993)

CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are activated by recognition of peptide bound to MHC class I molecules on target cells. This human leukocyte antigen-restricted process induces not only lysis of target cells but also secretion of lymphokines by the CTLs, including TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, and IFN-gamma. In this study we show that activation of HIV-1-specific CTL clones by their cognate peptide epitopes induces HIV-1 replication in the chronically HIV-1-infected T-cell line ACH-2. The HIV-1-inducing activity correlates with increased levels of TNF-alpha produced by these CTLs, and can be inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha antibodies, indicating that the effect is mediated by this cytokine. These studies suggest that activation of CTL in vivo could lead to enhanced viral replication. Although HIV-1-specific CTLs may serve as a host defense to inhibit virus replication, the induction of TNF-alpha production by these cells may facilitate viral replication in infected bystander cells, contributing to viral persistence and disease pathogenesis.
Resistance of Roofing Membranes to Cracks in Concrete of Roof-Deck (1971)

Concrete is subject to cracks because of its high hardening-and-drying-shrinkage, and also of its low tensile strength and extensibility. It is owing to that defect in concrete that the roof-deck cannot be perfectly free from cracks. Various plans have so far been devised and carried into effect to cope with these drawbacks in concrete of generating cracks and propagating them, so as to secure for the roof-deck complete waterproof virtue. Most of these waterproof contrivances consist of covering the roof-deck with layers of films which we may call roofing membranes.Of the roofing membranes then it is required as of paramount importance in the roofing system that they will on no account rupture, whatever may be the width of the cracks that occur in the concrete of the roof-deck. Special attention must, therefore, be paid to adjustment of such physical properties of the roofing membranes as its tensile strength, its maximum elongation, its modulus of elasticity and its resilience, of its thickness and of its adhesive strength to the roof-deck.In this paper the resistance of the roofing membranes to the cracks in the concrete of the roof-deck is theoretically and experimentally discussed. As the result the condition that effectively protects the roofing membranes from rupture in spite of the cracks in the concrete of the roof-deck is proposed as follows:τs≤4d/lRswhereτs: Shear-adhesive strength of the roofing membrane material to the concrete of the roof-deck in kg/cm2d: The thickness of the roofing membrane in cmRs: The limit of resilience of the roofing membrane in kg/cm2l: The crack width in the concrete of the roof-deck in cm.This equation has also been applied to polymer roofing membranes which were made up of synthetic polymeric roofing sheets and polyurethane fluid-applied roofings, and their resistance to cracks in the concrete of the roof-deck has been tested.
Synthesis of functionalized sulfonamides as antitubercular agents (2023)

Using up-to-date methods for synthesis and analysis, 51 sulfonamides were prepared for use as tools in antitubercular drug discovery. The synthetic efforts were centered on varying substituents at three key structural units implicated in antimicrobial activity, namely the sulfonyl group, nitrogen N1 and nitrogen N4. Procedures were specific to the sites of functionalization. Preliminary biological assessments are included here on selected compounds. The results suggest that the compounds may be useful in the exploration of the likely interactions of sulfa drugs with enzymes found in tuberculosis (dihydropteroate synthase) or its human host (N-acetyltransferase), interactions that result in drug activity or drug de-activation, respectively.
ROR1 is a pseudokinase that is crucial for MET-driven tumorigenesis (2013)

The human kinome includes Ror1, a poorly characterized orphan receptor. Here we report the findings of an investigation of Ror1 contributions to cancer, undertaken through an integrated screening of 43 cancer cell lines where we measured protein expression, tyrosine phosphorylation, and growth response following RNAimediated Ror1 suppression. Ror1 was expressed in approximately 75% of the cancer cell lines without apparent histotype distribution. Gastric carcinoma cells (HS746T) and non–small cell lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H1993) exhibited high levels of Ror1 tyrosine phosphorylation, and Ror1 suppression caused growth inhibition. Biochemical assays revealed unexpectedly that Ror1 is a pseudokinase that is devoid of catalytic activity. Intriguingly, the two cell lines featuring tyrosine-phosphorylated Ror1 both exhibited amplification and activation of the Met oncogene. Ror1 phosphorylation was abrogated by Met inhibition, indicating Metdependent transphosphorylation of Ror1. Conversely, Ror1 was not transphosphorylated by other constitutively active tyrosine kinases, including EGFR and ErbB2. Constitutive silencing of Ror1 in HS746T and NCI-H1993 carcinoma cells impaired proliferation in vitro and induced a dramatic inhibition of tumorigenesis in vivo. Together, our findings suggest a critical role for Ror1 in malignant phenotypes sustained by the Met oncogene. Cancer Res; 71(8); 3132–41. � 2011 AACR.
Relevance of the rodent area postrema to dopamine-dependent behavioural effects (1981)

Journal Article Relevance of the rodent area postrema to dopamine-dependent behavioural effects Get access Brenda Costall, Brenda Costall Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David H Fortune, David H Fortune Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Robert J Naylor Robert J Naylor Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 33, Issue 1, September 1981, Pages 257–259, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13774.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 08 December 1980 Published: 12 April 2011