gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal Transduction Cascade for Regulation of RpoS: Temperature Regulation of DsrA (2001)

Many environmental parameters modulate the amount of the RpoS sigma factor in Escherichia coli. Temperature control of RpoS depends on the untranslated RNA DsrA. DsrA activates RpoS translation by pairing with the leader of the mRNA. We find that temperature affects both the rate of transcription initiation of the dsrA gene and the stability of DsrA RNA. Both are increased at low temperature (25 degrees C) compared to 37 or 42 degrees C. The combination of these results is 25-fold-less DsrA at 37 degrees C and 30-fold less at 42 degrees C than at 25 degrees C. Using an adapted lacZ-based reporter system, we show that temperature control of transcription initiation of dsrA requires only the minimal promoter of 36 bp. Overall, transcription responses to temperature lead to a sixfold increase in DsrA synthesis at 25 degrees C over that at 42 degrees C. Furthermore, two activating regions and a site for LeuO negative regulation were identified in the dsrA promoter. The activating regions also activate transcription in vitro. DsrA decays with a half-life of 23 min at 25 degrees C and 4 min at 37 and 42 degrees C. These results demonstrate that the dsrA promoter and the stability of DsrA RNA are the thermometers for RpoS temperature sensing. Multiple inputs to DsrA accumulation allow sensitive modulation of changes in the synthesis of the downstream targets of DsrA such as RpoS.
Letter: Large families of polynomial phase sequences with low correlation (1996)

Abstract Large families of ≈ p Q ( p prime, Q = 2, 3, 4.,) polynomial phase sequences are presented. The p‐ary sequences are of length p . Their correlation magnitudes are upper bounded by ≈ Q √ p . The families are suitable for application in asynchronous CDMA systems.
Using the Voids. Evidence for an Antenna Effect in Dye-Sensitized Mesoporous TiO2 Thin Films (2010)

Composite structures of Ru(bpy)(2)(4,4'-(PO(3)H(2))(2)bpy)(2+) surface bound to nanocrystalline TiO(2) with an overlayer of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ion exchanged into Nafion, FTO|nanoTiO(2)-[Ru(bpy)(2)(4,4'-(PO(3)H(2))(2)bpy)](2+)/Nafion,Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) (FTO = fluorine-doped tin oxide), have been prepared and characterized. Steady-state emission and time-resolved lifetime measurements demonstrate that energy transfer occurs from Nafion,Ru(bpy)(3)(2+*) to adsorbed Ru(bpy)(2)(4,4'-(PO(3)H(2))(2)bpy)(2+) with an efficiency of ∼0.49. Energy transfer sensitizes photoinjection by the adsorbed metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state by an "antenna effect."
Nonaqueous Electrochemistry (1999)

An examination of applications of electrochemical techniques to many organic and inorganic compounds that are either unstable or insoluble in water. It focuses on the continuing drive toward miniaturization in electronics met by designs for high-energy density batteries (based on nonaqueous systems). It addresses applications to nonaqueous batteries, supercapacitators, highly sensitive reagents, and electroorganic and electroinorganic synthesis.
Vitamin A congeners (1986)

Despite animal vitamin A congener teratogenicity in animal studies since 1954, striking human findings only arose in 1983 following isotretinoin (ITR) marketing for oral treatment of severe acne. By November 1985, 44 outcomes with central nervous system (CNS), cardioaortic (CV), microtia, facial palsy, micrognathia, cleft palate, and/or thymic aplasia defects, and 33 spontaneous abortions have been reported. The critical period for exposure appears to be two to five weeks postconception, although this is clinically inexact. ITR half life is less than a day, although a teratogenic metabolite, 4-oxo-isoretinoin, has a half life of several days. Seven defect outcomes and one stillbirth have been reported with another congener, etretinate (ETR), used for psoriasis. Three of these had meningomyeloceles. Half life of several months makes levels cumulative. Only one additional defect, which may have occurred by chance, is reported with use stopped before conception (4 months). Other discontinuations 1 to 6 months before conception had 11 normal outcomes and two spontaneous abortions. ITR and ETR dose ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 mg/kg. Normal outcomes are reported both with ITR and ETR, but some of these appear not to have been exposed during the critical period. Less striking defects, abortions, and normal outcomes are less well reported. Because vitamin A analogs are therapeutically important and unplanned outcome not always avoidable, further animal research is needed for better risk/benefits. Megadose vitamin A (retinol) use is widespread, but experience poorly observed. Eighteen suspicious birth defect outcomes have been reported from pregnancies with high dose exposure. Twelve had findings similar to those seen in animals and in human retinoid syndromes, e.g., CNS, CV, microtia, and clefts. Epidemiological controls are lacking to establish human teratogenicity, but based on animal studies and experience with ITR and ETR, avoiding long term megadose Vitamin A use in fertile women is warranted.
Evidence that St. Helena island is an important multi-use habitat for whale sharks, Rhincodon typus, with the first description of putative mating in this species (2016)

Preliminary observations of whale shark behavioural ecology are presented from St. Helena, a remote volcanic island in the South Atlantic. Whale shark sightings by fishers, government biologists and the general public have been recorded by the St. Helena Government since February 1999 and are presented here through to the end of 2014. A total of 328 sightings was collected on an ad hoc basis, a total of 931 animals, although the number of re-sightings within that total is not known. Increases in observations are likely coincident with increases in surveillance and public awareness of the presence of this species in the waters surrounding St Helena. On two occasions, small aggregations of whale sharks were observed at the bay at Jamestown; the animals were engaged in surface feeding behaviour similar to that seen in coastal aggregations in Mexico and Qatar. In contrast to other aggregations, however, animals observed at St Helena were numerically dominated by adult females, although mature males and some juveniles have also been observed. On two occasions, eyewitness accounts of mating behaviour were reported by two different reliable observers. These events took place in 2005 and 2007, both approximately 16 kilometers from shore, at different sites. They both involved belly-to-belly contact behaviour at the surface, in one case involving at least two males. This is the first report of putative mating behaviour in the whale shark. With the presence of both adult and juvenile animals, surface feeding aggregations, apparently pregnant females and the first observations of putative mating, the waters around St Helena are clearly an important multi-use habitat for whale sharks and are worthy of concerted conservation efforts.
Relaxation layer and radiation processes in electro-magnetically driven strong shock wave (2008)

Summary form only given. Electro-magnetically driven strong shock wave was investigated, in which electron-ion relaxation, ionization, radiation process and an interplay among them play some role for formation of the structure. As geometrical simplicity is essential for analysis of the complex shock wave, we drove a quasi-one-dimensional shock wave using a compact pulse power device with a pair of conical electrodes. When we drove an electro-magnetic pulse in the pulse power device with peak current of 200 kA, the shock Mach number reached 200 in Xe gas with number density of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> [l/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ]. Framing images of the shock wave indicated that ion-electron relaxation and radiation process affect the shock structure. We also carried out a spectroscopic measurement to estimate time evolutions of specific lines of Xe ion, which indicate the length and structure of the relaxation layer. Compared the experimental results to an ion-electron relaxation simulation based on one- dimensional and steady shock wave, we discuss the relaxation layer, radiation transport, and precursor of the strong shock wave, together with a consideration on related astrophysical phenomena such as supernova.
Treeing in solid extruded electrical insulation (1978)

Over 90% of failures in buried cables are caused by mechanical damage, and, of the remaining 10%, the cause is unknown. Trees have been found in the polyethylene insulation of cables that have failed in service, but nobody has established that treeing was the actual cause of failure. But, because of the increasingly severe requirements for power systems, all factors must be considered to design for complete reliability
FAM129B, an antioxidative protein, reduces chemosensitivity by competing with Nrf2 for Keap1 binding (2019)

These findings demonstrate the important role of FAM129B in Nrf2 activation and antioxidative response, and identify FMA129B as a potential therapeutic target. FUND: The Chang Gung Medical Foundation (Taiwan) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan).
Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles and the Chinese Communist Party (2001)

In 1980, Teng Hsiao-p’ing in a speech at a meeting of cadres called by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China commented: China always used to be described as ‘a heap of loose sand’. But when our Party came to power and rallied the whole country around it, the disunity resulting from the partitioning of the country by various forces was brought to an end.
Hyaluronan-Metal Gold Nanoparticle Hybrids for Targeted Tumor Cell Therapy (2020)

In this study, a novel multifunctional nanoplatform based on core-shell nanoparticles of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capped with low and high molecular weight (200 and 700 kDa) hyaluronic acid (HA), was assembled via a green, one-pot redox synthesis method at room temperature. A multitechnique characterization approach by UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy pointed to the effective 'surface decoration' of the gold nanoparticles by HA, resulting in different grafting densities of the biopolymer chains at the surface of the metal nanoparticle, which in turn affected the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles. Specifically, the spectral features of the gold plasmonic peak (and the related calculated optical size), the hydrodynamic diameter and the nanoparticle stability were found to depend on the molecular weight of the HA. The CD44-targeting capability of HA-functionalized gold nanoparticles was tested in terms of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. An enhanced inhibitory activity against both Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was found, with a HA molecular weight (MW)-dependent trend for the HA-capped AuNPs compared to the bare, glucose-capped AuNPs. Cell viability assays performed on two CD44-positive cell models, namely normal human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) and prostate tumor (PC-3) cells, in comparison with neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y), which do not express the CD44 receptor, demonstrated an increased cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma compared to prostate cancer cells upon the cellular treatments by HA-AuNP compared to the bare AuNP, but a receptor-dependent perturbation effect on cytoskeleton actin and lysosomal organelles, as detected by confocal microscopy. These results highlighted the promising potentialities of the HA-decorated gold nanoparticles for selective cytotoxicity in cancer therapy. Confocal microscopy imaging of the two human tumor cell models demonstrated a membrane-confined uptake of HA-capped AuNP in the cancer cells that express CD44 receptors and the different perturbation effects related to molecular weight of HA wrapping the metallic core of the plasmonic nanoparticles on cellular organelles and membrane mobility.
Supplementary Table 1 from Mapping Genes that Contribute to Daunorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Mapping Genes that Contribute to Daunorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity
Aging Atlas Reveals Cell-Type-Specific Regulation of Pro-longevity Strategies (2023)

Organism aging occurs at the multicellular level; however, how pro-longevity mechanisms slow down aging in different cell types remains unclear. We generated single-cell transcriptomic atlases across the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans under different pro-longevity conditions (http://mengwanglab.org/atlas). We found cell-specific, age-related changes across somatic and germ cell types and developed transcriptomic aging clocks for different tissues. These clocks enabled us to determine tissue-specific aging-slowing effects of different pro-longevity mechanisms, and identify major cell types sensitive to these regulations. Additionally, we provided a systemic view of alternative polyadenylation events in different cell types, as well as their cell-type-specific changes during aging and under different pro-longevity conditions. Together, this study provides molecular insights into how aging occurs in different cell types and how they respond to pro-longevity strategies.
Path constraints on semistructured and structured data (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Path constraints on semistructured and structured data Authors: Peter Buneman University of Pennsylvania University of PennsylvaniaView Profile , Wenfei Fan University of Pennsylvania University of PennsylvaniaView Profile , Scott Weinstein University of Pennsylvania University of PennsylvaniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims PODS '98: Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systemsMay 1998 Pages 129–138https://doi.org/10.1145/275487.275502Published:01 May 1998Publication History 62citation448DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations62Total Downloads448Last 12 Months31Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Use of DIC and AE for Monitoring Effective Strain and Debonding in FRP and FRCM-Retrofitted RC Beams (2016)

The effective strain in composites, along with their potential rupture and debonding, plays a crucial role in predicting the strength of retrofitted reinforced concrete (RC) beams. However, only limited experimental data on these phenomena are available, mainly because of the inadequacy of traditional deformation and strain measurement techniques. This paper presents a comparative analysis of instrumentation for monitoring retrofitted RC elements. In particular, the paper addresses beams retrofitted with composite materials, FRPs (fiber-reinforced polymers), and FRCMs (fiber-reinforced cementitious mortars). It also considers strain gauges, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, LVDTs, digital image correlation (DIC), and acoustic emission (AE) sensors for monitoring strain, displacement, cracking, and debonding. Experiments on six beams are carried out, and the measured data from the monitoring devices are compared. The accuracy of DIC for strain and displacement monitoring is shown to match the performance of traditional methods, with the added benefit of providing full-field monitoring. The use of AE for detecting cracks and debonding, which is not readily possible using traditional methods, is also demonstrated. This is of particular interest for composite-strengthened RC elements, where accurate measurements of effective strain and debonding of the composite material can lead to the development of more precise design formulas.
Direct quantification of brown algae-derived fucoidans in human plasma\n by a fluorescent probe assay (2016)

Fucoidan is a generic term for a class of fucose rich, structurally diverse\nsulfated polysaccharides that are found in brown algae and other marine\norganisms. Depending on the species from which the fucoidan is extracted, a\nwide variety of biological activities including antitumor, antiinflammatory,\nimmune-modulating, antiviral, antibacterial and pro- and anticoagulant\nactivities has been described. Fucoidans have the advantage of low toxicity and\noral bioavailibiity and are viable drug candidates, preclinical and pilot\nclinical trials show promising results. The availability of robust assays, in\nparticular for analysing the blood levels of fucoidan, is a fundamental\nrequirement for pharmacokinetic analysis in drug development projects. This\ncontribution describes the application of a commercially availbale,\nprotein-free fluorescent probe assay (Heparin Red) for the direct\nquantification of several fucoidans (from Fucus vesiculosus, Macrocystis\npyrifera, and Undaria pinnatifida) in human plasma. By only minor adapation of\nthe established protocol for heparin detection, a concentration range 0,5 to 20\nmicrogram per mL fucoidan can be addressed. A preliminary analysis of matrix\neffects suggests acceptable interindividual variability and no interference by\nendogeneous chondroitin sulfate. This study identifies the Heparin Red assay as\na simple, time-saving mix-and-read method for the quantification of fucoidans\nin human plasma.\n
Functional Epigenetic Analysis of Prostate Carcinoma: A Role for Seryl-tRNA Synthetase? (2014)

Transcriptional silencing, as a result of aberrant promoter hypermethylation, is a common mechanism through which genes in cancer cells become inactive. Functional epigenetic screens using demethylating agents to reexpress transcriptional silenced genes may identify such inactivated genes for needing further evaluation. We aimed to identify genes so far not known to be inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in prostate cancer. DU-145 and LNCaP cells were treated with the DNMT inhibitor zebularine. Expression changes of total RNA from treated and untreated cells were compared using an RNA expression microarray. Genes upregulated more than 2-fold were evaluated by RT-qPCR in 50 cases of paired normal and tumor tissues of prostate cancer patients. SARS was found to be downregulated in prostate cancer in 42/50 cases (84%). In addition, GADD45A and SPRY4 showed a remarkable diminished expression (88% and 74%, resp.). The gold standard for promoter hypermethylation-inactivated genes in prostate cancer (GSTP1) was repressed in 90% of our patient samples. ROC analyses reported statistically significant AUC curves in SARS, GADD45A, and GSTP1 and positive Spearman correlations were found between these genes. SARS was discovered to be a novel gene that is repressed in prostate cancer and could therefore be recommended for its involvement in prostate carcinogenesis.
A Case Study of an EFL Teacher's Types of Questions: An Investigation into Classroom Interaction (2021)

Types of teachers’ questions play an important role in teaching since they affect students’ participation in the process of negotiation of meaning. Therefore, in the present study, an English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher’s questions along with the students’ responses to his questions were classified. A structured interview was also employed in the study. It was found that the number of coded/display and yes/no questions exceeded open/referential questions. Although the use of such questions was due to the students’ level of proficiency, it was revealed that the teacher’s low level of proficiency and lack of experience played a great role in asking such questions. It was also revealed that the main reason for the learners’ silence or reluctance to participate may be because of the teacher’s ineffective questioning technique(s).
Suppressors of Break-Induced Replication in Human Cells (2023)

Short tandem DNA repeats are drivers of genome instability. To identify suppressors of break-induced mutagenesis human cells, unbiased genetic screens were conducted using a lentiviral shRNA library. The recipient cells possessed fragile non-B DNA that could induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), integrated at an ectopic chromosomal site adjacent to a thymidine kinase marker gene. Mutagenesis of the thymidine kinase gene rendered cells resistant to the nucleoside analog ganciclovir (GCV). The screen identified genes that have established roles in DNA replication and repair, chromatin modification, responses to ionizing radiation, and genes encoding proteins enriched at replication forks. Novel loci implicated in BIR included olfactory receptors, the G0S2 oncogene/tumor suppressor axis, the EIF3H-METTL3 translational regulator, and the SUDS3 subunit of the Sin3A corepressor. Consistent with a role in suppressing BIR, siRNA knockdown of selected candidates increased the frequency of the GCV<sup>r</sup> phenotype and increased DNA rearrangements near the ectopic non-B DNA. Inverse PCR and DNA sequence analyses showed that hits identified in the screen increased genome instability. Further analysis quantitated repeat-induced hypermutagenesis at the ectopic site and showed that knockdown of a primary hit, COPS2, induced mutagenic hotspots, remodeled the replication fork, and increased nonallelic chromosome template switches.
Predictors of HIV virological failure and drug resistance in Chinese patients after 48 months of antiretroviral treatment, 2008–2012: a prospective cohort study (2017)

Our findings suggest successful treatment outcomes at 4 years for roughly 90% of patients. We suggest conducting further study on whether and when to change ART regimen for women initiated with D4T-based regimen, and reinforcing adherence counselling for men. Increased VF and HIVDR risk among non-Han minorities warrants further exploration, and ethnic minorities may be an important group to tailor adherence-focused interventions.
4. Software-Agenten zur Integration von Prozessen in der Fertigungs- und Gebäudeautomatisierung (2018)

Software-Agenten, als dezentrale, intelligente Softwareeinheiten, eignen sich ideal umkomplexe Uberwachungs- und Steuerungsanwendungen fur das Internet der Dinge umzusetzen. Wir stellen zwei software-agenten-basierte Anwendungsfalle aus dem Bereich Internet der Dinge vor: (1) Ein cyber-physisches Produktionssystem (CPPS) fur die Produktion von individualisierten Joghurtprodukten (myJoghurt) und (2) ein Uberwachungs- und Steuerungssystem fur intelligente Gebaudeautomatisierung (CyPhREE). In beiden Anwendungsfallen wird eine wissensbasierte, Big-Data-Datenfluss-Architektur verwendet.DieKonzepte der vorgestellten Anwendungsfalle konnen mit Hilfe eines Raspberry-Pi-3-Einplatinencomputers und dem PiFace- Agent-Board nachvollzogen werden.