gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction of control signals from a mixture of source activity in the peripheral nerve (2012)

Extracting physiological signals to control external devices such as prosthetics is a field of research that offers great hope for patients suffering from disabilities. In this paper, we present an algorithm for isolating control signals from peripheral nerve cuff recordings. The algorithm is able to extract individual control signals from a mixture of source signal activity while maximizing SNR and minimizing cross-talk between the control signals. Based on fast independent component analysis FICA and an adaptation of Champagne, the proposed algorithm is tested against previously published results obtained using beamforming techniques in an acute preparation of rabbits. Preliminary results demonstrate an improvement in performance.
Furfural and Derivatives (2007)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Furfural 2.1. Properties 2.1.1. Physical Properties 2.1.2. Chemical Properties 2.2. Resources and Raw Materials 2.3. Production 2.3.1. Chemistry of Furfural Production 2.3.2. Production of Furfural 2.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2.5. Quality Specifications, Transportation, Toxicology 3. Furfuryl Alcohol 3.1. Properties 3.1.1. Physical Properties 3.1.2. Chemical Properties 3.2. Resources and Raw Materials 3.3. Production 3.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 3.5. Quality Specifications, Transportation, Toxicology 4. Furan 4.1. Properties 4.2. Production 4.3. Uses, Economic Aspects, Transportation, Toxicology 5. Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol 5.1. Properties 5.2 Production 5.3 Uses, Economic Aspects, Transportation, Toxicology 6. Furfurylamine and Tetrahydrofurfurylamine 7. Methylfuran and Methyltetrahydrofuran 8. Furoic acid This article discusses the properties, production, and industrial uses of furfural and compounds derived from furfural on a commercial basis. The only commercial route to furfural is acid-catalyzed digestion of pentosan sugars in biomass. Nowadays, furfural is the sole precursor for all compounds containing a furyl, furfuryl, furoyl, or furfurylidene radical in the chemical industry. Detailed information is given on the production, properties, and economical aspects of furfural [98-01-1] and furfuryl alcohol [98-00-0], and the most important specialty chemicals derived from furfural and furfuryl alcohol are summarized: furan [110-00-9], tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol [97-99-4], 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran [110-87-2], furfurylamine [617-89-0], tetrahydrofurfurylamine [4795-29-3], 2-methylfuran [534-22-5], 2-methyltetrahydrofuran [96-47-9], and furoic acid [88-14-2].
Therapeutic efficacy of halocidin-derived peptide HG1 in a mouse model of Candida albicans oral infection (2013)

This study suggests that HG1, as a novel component of mouthwash, might become an alternative antifungal agent to conventional drugs used to manage oral candidiasis.
Zhuang-Zi: A New Algorithm for Solving Multivariate Polynomial Equations over a Finite Field. (2006)

We present the Zhuang-Zi algorithm, a new method for solving multivariate polynomial equations over a finite field. We describe the algorithm and present examples, some of which cannot be solved with the fastest known algorithms.
Molten salt corrosion of SiC: Pitting mechanism (1985)

Thin films of Na2SO4 and Na2CO3 at 1000 C lead to severe pitting of sintered alpha-SiC. These pits are important as they cause a strength reduction in this material. The growth of product layers is related to pit formation for the Na2CO3 case. The early reaction stages involve repeated oxidation and dissolution to form sodium silicate. This results in severe grain boundary attack. After this a porous silica layer forms between the sodium silicate melt and the SiC. The pores in this layer appear to act as paths for the melt to reach the SiC and create larger pits.
Corrigendum: Myc and SAGA rewire an alternative splicing network during early somatic cell reprogramming (2015)

Due to an error during our analysis for the above-mentioned article, Supplemental Table In sheet 12, genes up-regulated and down-regulated by Myc in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were mistakenly included in the list of genes directly down-regulated by Myc during reprogramming, therefore also affecting the functional analysis in sheet 13.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW SYNTHESIS OF 3‐CHLOROISOXAZOLES (1985)

Abstract Die Isoxazolole (1) werden mit Diazomethan oder Mel methyliert, wobei das (ll):(III)‐Ausb.‐Verhä tnis von der Struktur von (I) und dem Methylierungsreagens abhängen dürfte (Tabelle der relativen Ausb.).
A comprehensive study of suppression of boron penetration by amorphous-Si gate in P/sup +/-gate PMOS devices (1995)

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the impact of the silicon gate structure on the suppression of boron penetration in p/sup +/-gate devices. The characteristics and reliability for different gate structures (poly-Si, /spl alpha/-Si, poly-Si/poly-Si, poly-Si//spl alpha/-Si, /spl alpha/-Si/poly-Si, and /spl alpha/-Si//spl alpha/-Si) in p/sup +/ polygate PMOS devices are investigated in detail. The suppression of boron penetration by the nitrided gate oxide is also discussed. The comparison is based on flatband voltage shift as well as the value of charge to breakdown. Results show that the effect of boron diffusion through the thin gate oxide in p/sup +/ polygate PMOS devices can be significantly suppressed by employing the as-deposited amorphous silicon gate. Stacked structures can also be employed to suppress boron penetration at the expense of higher polygate resistance. The single layer as-deposited amorphous silicon is a suitable silicon gate material in the p/sup +/-gate PMOS device for future dual-gate CMOS process. In addition, by employing a long time annealing at 600/spl deg/C prior to p/sup +/-gate ion implantation and activation, further improvements in suppression of boron penetration, polygate resistance, and gate oxide reliability can be achieved for the as-deposited amorphous-Si gate. Modifying the silicon gate structure instead of the gate dielectrics is an effective approach to suppress the boron penetration effect.
Age‐Related Changes in Macrophage Proliferative Capacity in Response to Chronic Inflammation and Inhaled Ozone (2016)

Rationale Resident pulmonary macrophages originate from embryonic progenitor cells. In response to injury resident macrophages can be depleted and are replaced from the finite progenitor pool or from blood monocytes. We previously reported that mice lacking surfactant protein‐D (SftpD−/−) display chronic inflammation and are hypersensitive to ozone‐induced lung injury. Objective In these studies we examined whether constitutive inflammation in SftpD−/− mice results in a loss of the resident progenitor pool, leading to increased recruitment from the vasculature in response to ozone‐induced injury. Methods C57BL/6J (WT) and SftpD −/− mice (8, 27, and 80 wk) were exposed to air or ozone (0.8 ppm, 3 h)r. After 3 days, lung sections were prepared and stained for Ki‐67 (a marker of proliferative capacity), CD11b and Cd11c (surface markers of pulmonary residency or recruitment) and scored on a scale of 0 to 3. Results Reduced expression of Ki‐67 was observed in lungs of 80‐week mice relative to 27 and 8 week mice (p&lt;0.05); this effect was greater in SftpD −/− mice which showed upregulation of Ki‐67 at 8 weeks of age. Across all ages Ki‐67 staining was greater in SftpD −/− mice than in WT, although these differences were lowest at 27 weeks. These results correlate with previously observed increases in inflammatory staining in Sftpd −/− mice. A significant interaction between age and ozone responsiveness was noted in SftpD −/− mice. At 8 weeks of age ozone exposure increased Ki‐67 staining, while at 80 weeks of age this response was reversed. Consistently for both Ki‐67 staining and leukocyte infiltration, the 27‐week old mice were the least responsive. Qualitatively, leukocyte recruitment in the SftpD −/− mice resulted in congregation into granuloma‐like structures. The granuloma structures stained positively for Ki‐67 in their center within 8‐week‐old mice, but this expression was lost with age. Spearman correlation for CD11b and CD11c confirmed that proliferating cells within the lung are of pulmonary origin. Of note Ki‐67 staining was not observed in the large foamy cells previously identified in this model as expressing the antioxidant enzyme HO‐1 Discussion These results support the hypothesis that with age there is a loss of proliferative capacity within the macrophages of the lung in both WT and SPD −/− mice. In the background of chronic inflammation, ozone exposure leads to increased proliferation and activation of resident macrophages in young mice. However, in 80‐week‐old mice ozone exposure results in loss of resident proliferative inflammatory cells and recruitment of acutely activated myeloid cells. This indicates that in the context of inflammation/injury there is a greater reliance on recruited cells. This may represent a significant mechanism within senescence related alterations in pulmonary inflammatory response. Support or Funding Information (NIH HL086621, HL096426, ES004738, AR055073, ES005022)
Synchrotron x-ray fluorescence: diffraction interference (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynchrotron x-ray fluorescence: diffraction interferenceS. R. Sutton, M. L. Rivers, and J. V. SmithCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 11, 2167–2171Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00124a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00124a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views214Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Foreign Object Damage Resistance of Uncoated SiC/SiC Composites (2003)

2-D woven SiC/SiC composites fabricated by melt infiltration method were impact tested at room temperature and at 1316 C in air using 1.59 mm steel-ball projectiles at projectile velocities ranging from 110 m/s to 400 m/s. The extent of substrate damage with increasing projectile velocity was imaged and analyzed using optical microscopy and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods. The impacted specimens were flexure and tensile tested at room temperature to determine their residual mechanical properties. Results indicate that as the projectile velocity increases, internal damage in the target material also increases and the mechanical properties degrade. At velocities > 300 m/s, the projectile penetrates through the target material, but it still retains approx. 50% ultimate strength of the as-fabricated composites and exhibits non-brittle failure.
Joint extraction and prediction of fujisaki's intonation model parameters (2004)

This paper presents a joint extraction and prediction framework for intonation modeling applied to Fujisaki’s intonation model for text-to-speech conversion. Previous methods in the area extract the parameters of accent and phrase commands for each sentence. Then, these parameters are related to linguistic features for prediction. In our approach commands that share the same linguistic features are globally estimated. This approach intends to overcome some consistency problems of the extracted model parameters. The global nature of the parameter optimization avoids the interpolation step, which sometimes can produce a bias in the extracted parameters. Experimental results show that the higher consistency of the parameters result in a higher accuracy when the fundamental frequency contours are predicted.
Complexity science of multiscale materials via stochastic computations (2009)

Abstract New technological advances today allow for a range of advanced composite materials, including multilayer materials and nanofiber‐matrix composites. In this context, the key to developing advanced materials is the understanding of the interplay between the various physical scales present, from the atomic level interactions to the microstructural composition and the macroscale behavior. Using the developing ‘multiresolution data sets mechanics’, the ‘predictive science‐based governing laws of the materials microstructure evolutions’ are derived and melted into a ‘stochastic multiresolution design framework.’ Under such a framework, the governing laws of the materials microstructure evolution will be essential to assess, across multiple scales, the impact of multiscale material design, geometry design of a structure, and the manufacturing process conditions, by following the cause–effect relationships from structure to property and then to performance. The future integrated multiscale analysis system will be constructed based on a probabilistic complexity science‐based mathematical framework. Its verification, validation and uncertainty quantification are done through carefully designed experiments, and the life‐cycled materials design for products design and manufacturing is performed through the use of petascale computing. The various techniques of microstructure reconstruction result in the generation of model microstructures that, at some level, has the same statistical properties as the real heterogeneous media. Having reconstructed the heterogeneous medium, one can then evaluate its effective properties via direct numerical simulation and compare these values with experimentally measured properties of the actual medium. The proposed analysis will be dynamic in nature to capture the multi‐stage historical evolvement of material/structure performance over the life span of a product. In addition to providing more accurate assessment of structure performance with stochastic multiscale analysis, our development will provide the capability of predicting structure failures and system reliability to enable more reliable design and manufacturing decisions in product development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Phenological changes in North Atlantic right whale habitat use in Massachusetts Bay (2019)

The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is one of the world's most highly endangered baleen whales, with approximately 400-450 individuals remaining. Massachusetts Bay (MB) and Cape Cod Bay (CCB) together comprise one of seven areas in the Gulf of Maine where right whales seasonally congregate. Here, we report on acoustically detected presence of right whales in MB over a nearly 6 year period, July 2007-April 2013, a time of both rapid ocean warming throughout the Gulf of Maine and apparent changes in right whale migratory dynamics. We applied an automated detection algorithm to assess hourly presence of right whale "up-calls" in recordings from a 19-channel acoustic array covering approximately 4,000 km<sup>2</sup> in MB. Over the survey, up-calls were detected in 95% of 8 day periods. In each year, as expected, we observed a "peak season" of elevated up-call detections in late winter and early spring corresponding to the season when right whales congregate to feed in CCB. However, we also saw an increase in right whale occurrence during time periods thought to be part of the "off-season." With the exception of 2009-2010, when acoustic presence was unusually low, the mean percent of hours in which up-calls were detected increased every year, both during the peak season (from 38% in 2008 to 70% in 2012), and during the summer-fall season (from 2% in 2007 to 13% in 2012). Over the entire study, the peak season start date varied between 17 January and 26 February. Changes in right whale phenology in MB likely reflect broadscale changes in habitat use in other areas within the species range. This study demonstrates the value of continuous long-term survey datasets to detect and quantify shifts in cetacean habitat use as environmental conditions change and the long-term continued survival of right whales remains uncertain.
Scalable Approaches for Supporting MPI-IO Atomicity (2006)

Scalable atomic and parallel access to noncontiguous regions of a file is essential to exploit high performance I/O as required by large-scale applications. Parallel I/O frameworks such as MPI I/O conceptually allow I/O to be defined on regions of a file using derived datatypes. Access to regions of a file can be automatically computed on a perprocessor basis using the datatype, resulting in a list of (offset, length) pairs. We describe three approaches for implementing lock serving (whole file, region locking, and byterange locking) and compare the various approaches using three noncontiguous I/O benchmarks. We present the details of the lock server architecture and describe the implementation of a fully-functional prototype that makes use of a lightweight message passing library and red/black trees.
Genetic Regulatory Networks and Neural Networks (2009)

The discussion on the neural networks paradigm casted a bright light on the notion of network and on what we may define as the &amp;ldquo;dynamical systems approach&amp;rdquo;. The rebounds of this emphasis involved, during the years, the most disparate scientific areas, such as biology, social sciences and artificial life, contributing to reinforce the foundations of the complex systems science.
Accurate Measurement of Surface Grid Intersections From Close-Range Video Sequences (2012)

A novel approach for high-speed measurement of surface grid line intersection points across multiple video frames is described. Grids are printed or etched onto otherwise featureless surfaces for applications that include 3-D surface reconstruction, sheet metal surface strain measurement, and others. To achieve the necessary subpixel location accuracy, close-range imaging is used with data collected by a hand-guided digital video camera mounted on a portable articulated arm coordinate measuring machine. Grid extraction is based on ridge detection in a parallelized scale space, implemented with a 480-core graphical processing unit (GPU). The close-range narrow-depth-of-field focus variations within the video sequence are intrinsically handled by the scale space. Ridge linking, filtering, and parabola fitting are used to accurately extract the grid intersection points. While computationally intensive, experimental implementation using the parallel GPU hardware has achieved sustained throughput exceeding 15 frames per second, with more than 100 intersections extracted per frame. Experimental results are presented for both synthetically generated and actual video sequences.
Data broadcasting in linearly scheduled array processors (1984)

A major problem in executing algorithms in array processors is the implementation of broadcasts without unnecessary speed-up factor degradation. We discuss when and how broadcasts can be eliminated or reduced to easily implementable sequences of reduced local broadcasts. Algorithms are modelled as a structured set of indexed computations which operate on variables associated with a referencing or indexing function. The discussion is restricted to variables with linear indexing functions and to algorithms linearly scheduled for execution in array processors. Linear indexing functions are represented as affine matricial functions of the index set of the algorithm. The linear part of such representation is a coefficient matrix denoted the indexing matrix. Linear schedules are defined as linear time-space allocation functions mapping the computations of an algorithm into time and processors. We discuss necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of broadcasts in a linearly scheduled algorithm. Necessary and sufficient conditions and constructive criteria are given for selecting linear schedules for which all broadcasts are eliminated or reduced to sequences of small local broadcasts.
Holotranscobalamin as a Predictor of Vitamin B12 Status (2003)

We report on the performance of a new test, holotranscobalamin, as compared to well established markers of vitamin B12 deficiency (plasma cobalamins, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine). Holotranscobalamin was analyzed in 143 samples by a competitive radiobinding assay (Axis-Shield). Employing a cut-off value of 50 pmol/l, holotranscobalamin showed a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.89 as regards discriminating between individuals with test results indicating vitamin B12 deficiency (methylmalonic acid > 0.70 micromol/l and plasma cobalamins < 200 pmol/l, n = 35) and individuals with test results inside the reference intervals (methylmalonic acid < 0.29 micromol/l and plasma cobalamins > or = 200 pmol/l, n = 35). In a group (n = 37) with low plasma cobalamins (< 200 pmol/l) and normal methylmalonic acid (< 0.29 micromol/l), 27 individuals had low holotranscobalamin, and in nine of these individuals plasma homocysteine supported the deficiency state (homocysteine > 15 micromol/l). Holotranscobalamin was low in 12 individuals with increased methylmalonic acid (> 0.40 micromol/l) and normal plasma cobalamins (> or = 200 pmol/l) (n = 36), and plasma homocysteine supported the deficiency state in four of these individuals. We conclude that holotranscobalamin is likely to be a sensitive marker of vitamin B12 deficiency that also has a reasonable specificity. Large-scale clinical studies are warranted in order to clarify the usefulness of holotranscobalamin in the clinical setting.
Cytogenetics of myelodysplastic syndromes. (1999)

This review focuses on karyotypic and molecular findings of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Genetic entities are distinct on the basis of structural (deletions, translocations, inversions) or numerical chromosomal abnormalities (trisomies, monosomies). New information about the amount and nature of malignant cells in MDS, as well as of genes rearranging in specific translocations, recently provided by molecular cytogenetics, are analysed. Integration of clinical-haematological classifications with cytogenetic and molecular findings is discussed
Gradient-Index Optics (2010)

SAIC has performed an effort to advance the state of the art in gradient-index (GRIN) nanolayered polymer optics. The goal of this study was to take significant risks off the table with regard to practical high-performance GRIN optical designs. The DARPA BOSS program had demonstrated a remarkable ability to finely control the behavior of light passing through a GRIN lens composed of hundreds of thousands of polycarbonate and acrylic plastic layers. The generalization of existing advanced imaging and nonimaging design capabilities to incorporate manufacturable GRIN lenses can provide imaging lens systems that are compact and lightweight and concentrators that operate closer to the thermodynamic limit. We have built the most sophisticated polymer GRIN lens system to date -a lightweight, fast, SWIR GRIN lens based on performance metrics consistent with Army Night Vision Lab (NVL) portable imaging programs.