gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Protein Structure Modeling (2005)

Three-dimensional protein structures are invaluable sources of information for the functional annotation of protein molecules. These structures are best determined by experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. However, the experimental methods cannot always be applied. In such cases, prediction of the protein structure by computational methods can frequently result in a useful model. Protein structures can be modeled either ab initio from sequence alone or by comparative methods that rely on a database of known protein structures (1,2). Ab initio methods are largely based on the laws of physics, while comparative methods, including comparative (or homology) modeling and threading, are based primarily on statistical learning. Although there have been significant improvements in the ab initio (3) and threading methods (4), comparative modeling gives the most accurate results if a known protein structure that is sufficiently similar to the modeled sequence is available (1).
Menopausal hormone therapy for vasomotor symptoms: balancing the risks and benefits with ultra-low doses of estrogen (2007)

Estrogen therapy is the most consistently effective treatment and the only therapy approved by the FDA for menopausal vasomotor symptoms. Following the safety issues reported in the primary Women's Health Initiative publications and with continued patient requests for treatment, a challenge to clinicians has been to identify the lowest effective dose of estrogen for alleviating menopausal symptoms. A number of low-dose estrogen preparations are now available, and transdermal preparations containing an ultra-low dose (25% of the previous conventional or standard dose) of estrogen have recently been approved by the FDA. These preparations effectively relieve menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy, and potentially protect against bone loss. Compared with standard-dose estrogen therapy, these ultra-low-dose products have an improved tolerability profile and may require reduced amounts or a lower frequency of progestogen administration, potentially mitigating the apparent long-term adverse effects of estrogen-progestogen combinations, as noted in the Women's Health Initiative.
QoE-based enhancements of Chunked CMAF over low latency video streams (2019)

5G infrastructures are in the roadmap of content delivery services, aiming to forward all broadcast and broadband video traffic using a common telecommunication network architecture. Streaming services will benefit from 5G networks which promise higher capacity, higher bandwidth and lower latency than current infrastructures. However, the widely employed streaming technologies, such as Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH), require an intrinsic high latency of tens of seconds to enforce the Quality of Experience (QoE). These conditions turn MPEG-DASH unfavourable when compared with a traditional broadcast pipeline for live events in terms of latency. Therefore, improvements on latency of streaming technologies are necessary to deliver live broadcast services over 5G networks. The media industry proposed a Chunked Common Media Application Format (Chunked CMAF) in order to achieve latency under a second. In this paper, we show an implementation of a Chunked CMAF for MPEG-DASH live videos in a real deployment. To further evaluate the benefits of CMAF we evaluate the QoE results when delivering a legacy MPEG-DASH live content compared to a Chunked CMAF-powered one.
Precision livestock farming : an overview of image and sound labelling (2013)

8 9 The shift in livestock farming methods from extensive to intensive poses a number of 10 significant challenges for animal welfare, environmental sustainability and food 11 security. Automatic animal monitoring may be one method of supporting farmers in 12 achieving farm sustainability. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) can combine audio 13 and video information into automated tools that serve as early warning systems for the 14 farmer if health or welfare problems are detected. 15 16 First, reliable sounds and images that indicate poor animal welfare must be identified by 17 animal experts. Then, through careful labelling of sounds or images, it is possible to 18 create a complete database which is suitable for algorithm development. 19 20 Labelling is an activity which precisely defines and interprets detailed variations in 21 measured field signals. This study will describe sound and image labelling with the aim 22 of developing an automated tool. 23 24
Tunable kΩ to GΩ pseudo-resistor with bootstrapping technique (2017)

This paper presents a novel architecture for a kilo-ohm to giga-ohm pseudo-resistor (PR), based on transistors operating in subthreshold with a fixed-V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gs</inf> configuration. This PR when used in an RC filter has a very low and constant settling time regardless of the programmed pole frequency. The proposed PR takes advantage of bootstrapping to improve its tuning range. By defining a constant V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Gs</inf> for the transistors using a pre-charged capacitor, voltages from GND to VDD can be used and the transistor can be tuned to work from the cut-off region (for high resistances in the order of giga-ohms) to the deep triode region (for low resistances in the order of kilo-ohms). The disclosed PR can be used in the DC feedback loop of a capacitively coupled amplifier, enabling a bandwidth tuning range of 9 decades (mHz to MHz). Moreover, by using the pre-charge period to connect the gate of the PR transistor to ground, the amplifier settles in less than 1 μs, conforming with applications where electrodes/sensors with different nominal impedances are multiplexed to the amplifier input. The amplifier and the PR were validated in a 0.35 μm CMOS process, with post-layout simulations.
Continuous-flow separation of cells in a lab-on-a-chip using "liquid electrodes" and multiple-frequency dielectrophoresis (2008)

This thesis reports on the integration of continuous-flow cell separation method for lab-on-a-chip applications. Cell separation methods are widely used in biology to prepare samples prior to analysis. There is a need for a highly sensitive separation method that is capable to quickly isolate a particular cell type in a single manipulation step. We attempt to provide such a separation method that discriminates between cell types according to their dielectric properties such as the membrane permittivity and the cytoplasm conductivity. The dielectric properties are intrinsic to each cell type and thus prevent the need of a specific cell labeling as discriminating factor. To guaranty a high throughput, the cell separation method we propose is performed in a continuous flow. The continuous-flow cell separation method presented in this thesis makes use of electrical forces to achieve the separation of different cell types. Dielectrophoresis is a phenomenon that describes the electrical force exerted on a dielectric particle such as a biological cell in presence of a non-uniform AC electric field. The combination of several dielectrophoretic forces at multiple frequencies produces a distinct dielectric response for each cell type. The method is integrated into a microfluidic platform of 20 mm long by 15 mm wide. The microfabrication of the device consists of two successive steps of photolithography to define the metal electrodes in platinum and the microfluidic network in SU-8 photoresist. In the so-called separation chamber, an array of "liquid electrodes" is localized along the 20 µm deep central channel. The technological development of "liquid electrodes" allow us to produce horizontal dielectrophoretic force and the array of these electrodes opposes two fields of such forces. This opposition of two force fields defines an equilibrium position towards which the cells that flow through the central channel are focused. There is a relationship between the equilibrium position and the dielectric properties of the cells which allows a flow-through dielectric characterization of the cells by the cell position readout. Using this microfluidic platform that integrate a method of continuous-flow cell separation based on multiple-frequency dielectrophoresis, we succeeded in purifying fractions of viable and nonviable yeast cells that were initially mixed. Due to its sensitivity, the method also allowed to increase the infection rate of a cell culture up to 50% of parasitemia percentage, which facilitates the study of the parasite cycle. The method was finally applied to the biological issue of cell synchronization. By isolating cells that are at a particular phase within their cell cycle, our method prevents the use of metabolic agents in order to arrest a cell culture by disrupting the cell physiology. The synchronization method we proposed and based on multiplefrequency dielectrophoresis is to our best knowledge the most powerful one in terms of synchrony level reported so far.
The Influence of Hemorrhagic Shock on Propofol (2003)

Hemorrhagic shock altered the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol. Changes in intercompartmental clearances and an increase in the potency of propofol suggest that less propofol would be required to achieve a desired drug effect during hemorrhagic shock.
Atriopeptins. III. Synthesis and biological activity studies of α-r-ANF, AP-II, AP-III and des-Ser5-Ser6-AP-II (1989)

Starting from previously synthesized atriopeptin fragments, peptides α-r-ANF, AP-II, AP-III and des-Ser 5 -Ser 6 -AP-II were prepared using complex F. The acetamidomethyl protecting group on cysteine was removed simultaneously with the cyclization. Biological activity of atriopeptin was evaluated.
Clabacus: A Risk-Adjusted Cloud Resources Pricing Model Using Financial Option Theory (2014)

In Cloud computing, clients would like to pay fair price for the resources while providers would like to make profit for their services. In this study, we propose a Cloud Compute Commodity (C3) pricing architecture called Clabacus(Cloud-Abacus) to serve both parties. We use concepts and algorithms from financial option theory to develop Clabacus. We propose a general formula, called compound-Moores law, that captures the technological advances of the resources, rate of inflation and depreciation etc. We map these Cloud parameters to the option pricing parameters to effectively modify the option pricing algorithm in order to compute Cloud resource price. Using financial value-at-risk (VaR) analysis, we adjust the computed resource price to incorporate the inherent risks of the Cloud provider. We propose fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm based approaches to compute the VaR of the provider's resources. We have incorporated this into our Clabacus architecture. Finally, we study the effects of quality of service, rate of depreciation, rate of inflation, capital investment on the Cloud resource price for both client and provider. We show that if the prices are adjusted within a lower and upper bound, SLA can be guaranteed.
MAGE-A3 With Cell-Penetrating Domain as an Efficient Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine (2014)

We have demonstrated for the first time, to our knowledge, that cloning and purification of MAGE-A3 with CPD enhances its cytosolic bioavailability in DCs without altering cell-surface antigens, potentially making it a more potent therapeutic cancer vaccine compared with existing MAGE-A3 protein and peptide vaccines.
Planar and twisted lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal cells as optical compensators for twisted nematic displays (2003)

Abstract We have explored the use of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) as promising materials for optical compensators for liquid crystal displays. We used aqueous solutions of disodium cromoglycate in the range of concentrations that yield a chromonic N phase. The N phase is aligned by rubbed polyimide layers giving planar orientation. Two different types of LCLC-based elements are described: (a) a uniformly aligned planar N phase that forms an optically uniaxial plate with a negative birefringence; (b) twisted cells of LCLC obtained by doping the N phase with chiral amino acids. Both planar and twisted N* phase cells were used for compensation of the positive birefringence of twisted nematic (TN) displays; the TN devices were appreciably improved. We achieved achromatic dark state and contrast ratio up to 50:1 at all directions within a 40° cone of viewing angle.
The hypersonic laminar boundary layer near sharp compression and expansion corners (1974)

The momentum integral method of Klineberg is shown to provide a good description of the major characteristics of two-dimensional laminar viscous-inviscid interactions a t hypersonic speeds. Surface pressure and heat-transfer-rate measurements were made for sharp compression and expansion corners at Mach 12.2 and are compared with the theoretical predictions. The agreement is found to be good for attached, incipient and fully separated flows. Some theoretical comparisons between methods based on the Klineberg formulation are made which suggest that the full boundary-layer equations are well described using integral methods that incorporate the energy equation. It is further shown that the properties associated with the stability of the governing differential equations are mathematical properties of the analytical model and should not be associated with any physical characteristics of the boundary layer. A correlation of hypersonic, cold-wall, incipient separation data is also presented.
Influence of the nature of the side chains on the mesomorphic properties of octasubstituted phthalocyanine derivatives. Annelides XXIX. (1988)

International audience
EFFECTS OF BORON CONCENTRATION ON Si1-XGEX PROPERTIES FOR INTEGRATED MEMS TECHNOLOGY (2004)

The effects of boron (B) concentration on the chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties of p+ polycrystalline germanium (poly-Ge) and p+ polycrystalline silicon-germanium (poly-Si 1-x Ge x ) films are reported. Experimental results show that heavy B doping is beneficial for increasing the deposition and etch rates, as well as for reducing the surface roughness of p+ poly-Ge sacrificial films. However, structural poly-Si 1-x Ge x films become more compressive, and show a slight increase in strain gradient, with increasing B content. Analytical models fit to the experimental data for conductivity, residual stress, and strain gradient have been generated as a guide for co-optimization of B and Ge content.
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Lantana camara and Their Nematicidal Activity (2008)

Two new olean-12-ene triterpenoids, camarolic acid (1) and lantrigloylic acid (2), have been isolated from the aerial parts of Lantana camara, along with ten known triterpenes, namely, camaric acid, lantanolic acid, lantanilic acid, pomolic acid, camarinic acid, lantoic acid, camarin, lantacin, camarinin, and ursolic acid. The new compounds have been characterized as 3,25-epoxy-3alpha-hydroxy-22beta-{[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoyl]oxy}olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1) and 3,25-epoxy-3alpha-hydroxy-22beta-[(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)oxy]olea-9(11),12-dien-28-oic acid (2) through spectroscopic studies and a chemical transformation. Seven of the constituents, namely pomolic acid, lantanolic acid, lantoic acid, camarin, lantacin, camarinin, and ursolic acid, were tested for nematicidal activity against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Pomolic acid, lantanolic acid, and lantoic acid showed 100% mortality at 1 mg/ml concentration after 24 h, while camarin, lantacin, camarinin, and ursolic acid exhibited 100% mortality at this concentration after 48 h. These results are comparable to those obtained with the conventional nematicide furadan (100% mortality at 1 mg/ml concentration after 24 h).
Hybrid Auto-Focusing System Using Dual Pixel-Type CMOS Sensor With Contrast Detection Algorithm (2016)

This paper presents a hybrid auto-focusing system combining two passive methods. The proposed method measures a phase difference using dual pixel-type sensor with black masks, and detects the maximum contrast using multi-scale Laplacian of Gaussian filter.
Transient Model for Keyhole During Laser Welding (1999)

A novel approach to simulating the dominant dynamic processes present during concentrated energy beam welding of metals is presented. A model for transient behavior of the front keyhole wall is developed. It is assumed that keyhole propagation is dominated by evaporation recoil-driven melt expulsion from the beam interaction zone. Results from the model show keyhole instabilities consistent with experimental observations of metal welding, metal cutting and ice welding.
ADVANCED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR WINTER OPERATIONS-S.I.S.M.A. PROJECT (2002)

This paper describes winter road operations in Italy. Part of this winter organization is continually on the road, always ready to intervene when the weather forecasts and the data from 10 automatic weather stations indicate the likelihood of snow falling or ice forming. The rest of the organization is ready to intervene when major snowfalls are forecast. It is very important to know in real time the location of all vehicles and what they are doing. As of November 1999, this has been made possible using a centralized control system in order to determine the location and operating mode of each vehicle engaged in snow-clearing operations called S.I.S.M.A. Satellite localization of snow-clearing vehicles. The vehicles are equipped with Global Positioning Systems (GPS) devices that allow them to determine the geographical coordinates through the satellites. The data is relayed through a GSM non-voice telephone that issues a series of SMS coded messages every minute showing the vehicles position and operating condition, salt-spreader, sprayer or snow plow. The system can also manage vehicle performance by varying their operations according to the stretch on which they are operating. The system provides information for management purposes and also real time information for users of the routes actually being negotiated.
Vitamin D intakes and dietary sources in children aged 2 yrs in the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study (2013)

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Recording Polarization Holograms in Polymer Films with Azo Dyes and Azo Polymers (2019)

Based on polymers with the addition of azo dyes as chromophores and azopolymers with the same covalently linked chromophores, recording media for polarization holography are created and their properties are studied when recording holograms of a plane wave front with parallel and perpendicular polarization of recording rays. It is found that the diffraction efficiency and the storage time of holograms are much longer in recording media with films of azo polymers in comparison with polymeric solid solutions of azo dyes. In the latter case, the energy of light is spent only for the trans–cis isomerization of azo dye molecules during exposure of holograms and the polymer chains do not undergo deformation with the formation of a surface relief in the polymer film. Therefore, it is preferable to use recording media based on solid solutions of azo dyes in dynamic polarization holography.
Comparison of dynamic feature map models for environmental monitoring (2002)

The self organizing feature map (SOM) model developed by Kohonen has the ability to generate a mapping from a possibly high-dimensional feature space onto a discrete two-dimensional space of activation in a lattice of neuron-like processing elements. Although this model has proved efficient in a variety of applications, it suffers from some limitations such as the lack of adaptation of the map architecture. This problem is particularly acute in online monitoring applications, in which the input distribution varies as a function of time, and the training set cannot be assumed to be representative of all possible system states. In this paper, three topology feature map models with architecture adaptation are applied to water quality data and compared to the basic SOM model with fixed architecture using five objective performance criteria. The BungySOM model is shown to outperform the other constructive algorithms and to carry out faster adaptation to new inputs as compared to the SOM model.
Tests of achromatic phase shifters performed on the SYNAPSE test bench: a progress report (2008)

The achromatic phase shifter (APS) is a component of the Bracewell nulling interferometer studied in preparation for future space missions (viz. <i>Darwin</i>/TPF-I) focusing on spectroscopic study of Earth-like exo-planets. Several possible designs of such an optical subsystem exist. Four approaches were selected for further study. Thales Alenia Space developed a dielectric prism APS. A focus crossing APS prototype was developed by the OCA, Nice, France. A field reversal APS prototype was prepared by the MPIA in Heidelberg, Germany. Centre Spatial de Liege develops a concept based on Fresnel's rhombs. This paper presents a progress report on the current work aiming at evaluating these prototypes on the Synapse test bench at the Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale in Orsay, France.
Narrowband Single-Pole Double-Throw Filtering Switch Based on Dielectric Resonator (2018)

In this letter, a narrowband single-pole double-throw (SPDT) filtering switch based on dielectric resonators (DRs) is presented. It consists of two DRs shared by two channels for size reduction. Printed circuit boards are embedded in the metal cavity to integrate the PIN diodes. The switching between two channels is enabled by controlling the PIN diodes connected to the two output feeding lines. The electromagnetic field distributions of the DR at the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11δ</sub> mode are studied to control the coupling between the DR and two output feeding lines. When one channel is on, the PIN diode for this channel is turned off, which does not introduce loss and affect the linearity. For the off-state channel, isolation is obtained by controlling the coupling between the DR and output feeding line, which is considerably enhanced. For demonstration, the DR filtering SPDT switch is implemented. The measured results exhibit that the proposed filtering SPDT switch has narrow bandwidth, low loss, high isolation, and high linearity.
Triazole‐Based Monophosphines for Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling and Amination Reactions of Aryl Chlorides. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Translesion Synthesis or Repair by Specialized DNA Polymerases Limits Excessive Genomic Instability upon Replication Stress (2021)

DNA can experience "replication stress", an important source of genome instability, induced by various external or endogenous impediments that slow down or stall DNA synthesis. While genome instability is largely documented to favor both tumor formation and heterogeneity, as well as drug resistance, conversely, excessive instability appears to suppress tumorigenesis and is associated with improved prognosis. These findings support the view that karyotypic diversity, necessary to adapt to selective pressures, may be limited in tumors so as to reduce the risk of excessive instability. This review aims to highlight the contribution of specialized DNA polymerases in limiting extreme genetic instability by allowing DNA replication to occur even in the presence of DNA damage, to either avoid broken forks or favor their repair after collapse. These mechanisms and their key regulators Rad18 and Polθ not only offer diversity and evolutionary advantage by increasing mutagenic events, but also provide cancer cells with a way to escape anti-cancer therapies that target replication forks.