gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PCK2 opposes mitochondrial respiration and maintains the redox balance in starved lung cancer cells (2020)

Abstract Cancer cells frequently lack nutrients like glucose, due to insufficient vascular networks. A decrease of extracellular glucose is accompanied by enhanced mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells, which promotes the formation of potentially harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we show that a gluconeogenesis enzyme, mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PCK2, acts as a regulator of mitochondrial respiration and maintains the redox balance in nutrient-deprived lung cancer cells. PCK2 silencing increased the abundance and interconversion of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, augmented mitochondrial respiration and enhanced glutathione oxidation under glucose and serum starvation, in a PCK2 re-expression reversible manner. Moreover, augmenting the TCA cycle by PCK2 inhibition severely reduced colony formation. As a conclusion, PCK2 contributes to maintaining a reduced glutathione pool upon starvation besides mediating the biosynthesis of gluconeogenic/glycolytic intermediates. The study sheds light on adaptive responses in cancer cells to nutrient deprivation and identifies gluconeogenesis as starvation-induced pathway that limits respiration-induced oxidative stress.
Comparative Study of Existing Hierarchical Based Routing Protocols for WSN (2021)

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.
Knowledge Learning for Cognitive Business Conversations (2017)

Cognitive conversation services are increasingly popular among lots of business companies. Cognitive conversation services enable a business company to expose its business functionalities directly to its customers in a user-friendly conversational mode, usually in the format of procedure dialog. The main challenge, however, is the impractical and insufficient creation process to manually build all such procedure dialogs. It also remains unclear how to optimize such procedure dialogs. In this paper, we propose a framework for incrementally mining procedure dialogs from business conversations. Our framework takes the procedure dialogs as initial input to generate machine learning models, then incorporates runtime user interactions to update the model using reinforcement learning, and finally transforms the refined model into the updates on existing procedure dialogs (or derive new dialog candidates) in a human-readable format so that Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) can understand and intervene in the further improvement process.
Kereskedelmi szálláshelyek kihasználtságának vizsgálata, különös tekintettel az Észak-magyarországi és a Dél-alföldi régióra (2010)

A turizmusfejlesztes egyik prioritasa a szallashelykinalat novelese. A 90-es evek elejetől napjainkig hazank turizmusa jelentős eredmenyeket mutatott fel. Nehany ev visszaeseset kovetően szinte toretlenul nőtt a vendegejszakak szama; a szallasferőhelyek szamanak novekedese azonban 2004-ben megtort, az utolso nehany ev adatai egyertelmű csokkenesről tanuskodnak. A ket jelenseg terben is differencialt megjelenese felveti a szallashely-kihasznaltsag vizsgalatanak szuksegesseget. A tanulmany shift-share elemzes segitsegevel 2000-es es 2008-as evekre vizsgalja a kereskedelmi szallashelytipusok műkodesi hatekonysagat.
Bit Rate Scalability in Audio Coding (2000)

In recent years, audio coding has proved to be of great importance for applications such as mobile communication and multimedia systems. Our research has focused on adapting a low bit rate/fixed bit rate audio coder to handle signals at a wide range of bit rates and sampling rates. Bit rates as low as 4 kbps and sampling rates between 4 kHz and 16 kHz were incorporated. Further, the coder can change bit rates during transmission in order to adapt to the available channel bandwidth. The coder was implemented in the C programming language and its performance evaluated. It was found that the quality of the reproduced audio for this coder requires some improvement, but the scalability performs smoothly, with transitions causing no artifacts, and reasonable loss of quality at the lowest bit rates. ii Sommaire Récemment, le codage sonore est devenu très important pour les applications telles que la communication mobile et le multimédia. Nous avons adapté un codeur sonore avec un taux de bit bas et fixe pour le rendre capable d’accepter des signaux avec une grande variété
Antibody Responses Elicited in Macaques Immunized with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) SF162-Derived gp140 Envelope Immunogens: Comparison with Those Elicited during Homologous Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIVSF162P4and Heterologous HIV-1 Infection (2006)

ABSTRACT The antibody responses elicited in rhesus macaques immunized with soluble human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Env gp140 proteins derived from the R5-tropic HIV-1 SF162 virus were analyzed and compared to the broadly reactive neutralizing antibody responses elicited during chronic infection of a macaque with a simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) expressing the HIV-1 SF162 Env, SHIV SF162P4 , and humans infected with heterologous HIV-1 isolates. Four gp140 immunogens were evaluated: SF162gp140, ΔV2gp140 (lacking the crown of the V2 loop), ΔV3gp140 (lacking the crown of the V3 loop), and ΔV2ΔV3gp140 (lacking both the V2 and V3 loop crowns). SF162gp140 and ΔV2gp140 have been previously evaluated by our group in a pilot study, but here, a more comprehensive analysis of their immunogenic properties was performed. All four gp140 immunogens elicited stronger anti-gp120 than anti-gp41 antibodies and potent homologous neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that primarily targeted the first hypervariable region (V1 loop) of gp120, although SF162gp140 also elicited anti-V3 NAbs. Heterologous NAbs were elicited by SF162gp140 and ΔV2gp140 but were weak in potency and narrow in specificity. No heterologous NAbs were elicited by ΔV3gp140 or ΔV2ΔV3gp140. In contrast, the SHIV SF162P4 -infected macaque and HIV-infected humans generated similar titers of anti-gp120 and anti-gp41 antibodies and NAbs of significant breadth against primary HIV-1 isolates, which did not target the V1 loop. The difference in V1 loop immunogenicity between soluble gp140 and virion-associated gp160 Env proteins derived from SF162 may be the basis for the observed difference in the breadth of neutralization in sera from the immunized and infected animals studied here.
Syntheses by Free-radical Reactions. V. A New Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses by Free-radical Reactions. V. A New Synthesis of Carboxylic AcidsD. D. Coffman, Richard Cramer, and W. E. MochelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 11, 2882–2887Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01544a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01544a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views807Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct phase determination in electron crystallography: Linear polymers (1992)

Perhaps no other class of organic molecule has been the subject of quantitative electron crystallographic structure analyses than the linear polymers. Given the real restrictions to crystallization of these materials, the reason for this is very clear, since one can at least obtain single crystal electron diffraction patterns from the chain-folded lamellae for determination of unit cell dimensions and symmetry and for measurement of diffracted intensities. The usual methodology for crystal structure analysis with the observed intensity data is based on the procedure used in fiber X-ray analyses. That is, one determines the X-ray crystal structures of representative monomer and/or oligomer segments of the polymer chain to see what part of the repeat can be held conformationally rigid. These rigid units are concatenated through “linkage bonds”, around which conformational twists are allowed and the search for the stable chain structure is based on the simultaneous minimization of the crystallographic R-factor and an internal energy calculated from nonbonded atomatom potential functions.
Schwangerschaftshypertonie. Präeklampsie und hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen (2012)

Präeklampsie (PE), eine Multisystemerkrankung in der Schwangerschaft, ist eine der Hauptursachen für maternale und fetale Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Erkrankung verursacht bis zu 42 % der maternalen Todesfälle in der Schwangerschaft und ist mit 15 % aller Frühgeburten assoziiert. Die klinische Erscheinungsvielfalt des maternalen Syndroms bei PE und auch dessen unterschiedliche Auswirkungen auf den Feten haben zu dem Schluss geführt, dass es sich um „mehr als eine Erkrankung“ handeln muss. Die einzige kausale Therapie ist die Entbindung. Jedoch konnten gerade in jüngster Zeit hoffnungsvolle Ansätze zur Früherkennung und genaueren Diagnosestellung gefunden werden. Eine frühe und präzise Diagnose von Patientinnen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für PE ([Tab. 1]) ist von höchster Wichtigkeit, da die maternale und fetale Morbidität und Mortalität durch folgende Faktoren gesenkt werden können:
Multiscale Modeling of Molecule Transport through Skin’s Deeper Layers (2022)

Accurate in-silico models of human skin are required to obtain the uptake/release of molecules across the skin layers to supplement the in-vivo/in-vitro experiments for faster development/testing of cosmetics and drugs. We aim to develop an in-silico skin permeation model by extending the multiscale modeling framework developed earlier for skin’s top layer to deeper layer and compared the outcomes with in-vitro experimental permeation data of 43 cosmetic-relevant molecules across human skin. In this study, we have extended a multiscale modeling framework, with realistic heterogeneous stratum corneum (SC) comprising of network of permeable lipids and corneocytes, followed by homogeneous viable epidermis and dermis. The diffusion coefficients of molecules in lipid layer were determined using molecular dynamics simulations, whereas the diffusion coefficients in other layers and all the partition coefficients were calculated from correlations reported in literature. These parameters were then used in the macroscopic models to predict the release profiles of drugs through the deeper skin layers. The obtained release profiles were in good agreement with available experimental data for most of the molecules. The reported model could provide insight into cosmetics/drugs skin permeation and act as a time-saving and efficient guiding tool for performing targeted experiments
Synthetic Pyrethroid Effects on Potato Chipping Color and Yield, 1980 (1983)

Abstract FMC-45806 was evaluated separately from tuber samples collected at the Southeastern Field Research Lab in Lancaster County, PA. At Rock Springs, a randomized complete block design with 4 replications was used. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of the 4 insecticides and 3 schedules of application. The insecticides were applied early in the season (Jul 20 and 27), all season (Jul 20, 27, Aug 3, 10, and 17), or late in the season (Aug 10 and 17). Tractor movement was equal through all plots. Label rates were used for all compounds. Plots consisted of six 18 ft rows planted 34 inches apart, 9 inches between plants. Certified, class B ‘Norchip’ seed potatoes were planted May 27. Temik 15G at 3.0 lb ai/acre was applied in furrow to all treatments. Dithane M-45 was applied at 1.5 lb ai/acre on a 5-7 day schedule for potato late blight control. Sampling on Jul 31 and Aug 13 indicated that all plots were essentially pest-free. Two rows per plot were harvested on Oct 8 and stored at 55-60 0F. On Nov 4-6 and Jan 26-27, 1981, samples from each treatment were chipped under standard conditions at the Potato Quality Lab at Rock Springs, PA. The samples were compared to color standards and rated from 1 (light) to 5 (dark). The FMC-45806 samples were taken from an insecticide trial in Lancaster County and both the control and FMC-45806 plots had Colorado potato beetle damage.
Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Scientific Statement From the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, the American Heart Association, and the American College of Cardiology (2019)

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an evidence-based intervention that uses patient education, health behavior modification, and exercise training to improve secondary prevention outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. CR programs reduce morbidity and mortality rates in adults with ischemic heart disease, heart failure, or cardiac surgery but are significantly underused, with only a minority of eligible patients participating in CR in the United States. New delivery strategies are urgently needed to improve participation. One potential strategy is home-based CR (HBCR). In contrast to center-based CR services, which are provided in a medically supervised facility, HBCR relies on remote coaching with indirect exercise supervision and is provided mostly or entirely outside of the traditional center-based setting. Although HBCR has been successfully deployed in the United Kingdom, Canada, and other countries, most US healthcare organizations have little to no experience with such programs. The purpose of this scientific statement is to identify the core components, efficacy, strengths, limitations, evidence gaps, and research necessary to guide the future delivery of HBCR in the United States. Previous randomized trials have generated low- to moderate-strength evidence that HBCR and center-based CR can achieve similar improvements in 3- to 12-month clinical outcomes. Although HBCR appears to hold promise in expanding the use of CR to eligible patients, additional research and demonstration projects are needed to clarify, strengthen, and extend the HBCR evidence base for key subgroups, including older adults, women, underrepresented minority groups, and other higher-risk and understudied groups. In the interim, we conclude that HBCR may be a reasonable option for selected clinically stable low- to moderate-risk patients who are eligible for CR but cannot attend a traditional center-based CR program.
The Rabbit as Experimental Model for Research in Implant Dentistry and Related Tissue Regeneration (2013)

The use of rabbits for experimental research has a long historical tradition. The aim of this review consists in outlining the use of the rabbit for research in implant dentistry and related tissue regeneration. Rabbits appear as a first-hand choice for fundamental implant design studies because of their size, easy handling, short life span, and economical aspects in purchasing and sustaining. In the following, the various anatomical sites in the rabbit will be summarized to provide an overview of current possibilities and limitations of this model for bone research in oral implantology.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Deficiency and Behavior (1997)

Much of the impetus for studies of omega-3 fatty acid (FA) deficiency originates from the need to determine whether these FA should be added to human infant formulas, and if so in what form: as the precursor omega-3 FA, linolenic acid (18:3 omega-3, or as the derived form, docosahexaenoic acid ([DHA], 22:6 omega-3), which is present at high levels in retina and brain. After early studies showed effects of omega-3 FA deficiency on visual development in monkeys (Neuringer et al., 1984, 1986), levels of linolenic acid were increased in many infant formulas, especially those in the United States, beginning in 1987. However, DHA levels in erythrocytes of human infants fed formulas with either low or high levels of linolenic acid were lower than the DHA levels of infants who received DHA directly either in breast milk or in fish oil supplemented formulas (Pita et al., 1988; Carlson et al., 1986; Makrides et al., 1993; Uauy et al., 1994). This finding suggested that human infants do not elongate and desp.turate an adequate amount of linolenic acid into DHA. This hypothesis was supported by more recent postmortem studies that reported lower DHA levels in the cerebral cortex of infants fed formulas with linolenic acid than in breast-fed infants (Farquharson et al., 1992; Makrides et al., 1994).KeywordsMorris Water MazePerformance FactorHuman InfantHorne CageNovelty PreferenceThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Operating system support for mobile agents (1999)

The TACOMA project is concerned with implementing operating system support for agents, processes that migrate through a network. Two TACOMA prototypes have been completed; this paper outlines our experiences in building and using them. A mechanism for exchanging electronic cash was explored, as well as agent-based schemes for scheduling and fault-tolerance. 1.
The antigenic components of the toxins of Cl. botulinum types C and D (1935)

The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590;300dpi.&#13;\nadobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.
The development of multiple-valued logic as related to computer science (1974)

Computer scientists are familiar with options in which there are no middle choices between true and false. The lack of such choices is inconvenient — even critical — for example, when determining whether the status of a computer system is go or no-go. Multiple-valued logic is concerned with these intermediate choices.
BikeCOM – A cooperative safety application supporting cyclists and drivers at intersections (2013)

The entomopathogenic nematode's decision to infect a host is paramount because once the decision is made it is irrevocable; nematodes that invade a host either develop and achieve reproductive success, or they die. Entomopathogenic nematodes that have a cruiser foraging behavior, such as Steinernema glaseri, follow host-associated cues to locate insects to infect. Most of the host finding and infection dynamics research has focused on the infective juvenile nematodes' responses to cues from live insects such as host-associated volatiles and host contact cues. Few studies focus on how previously infected hosts influence infective juvenile infection behaviors. We investigated how exudates from nematode-infected hosts affect the behavior of S. glaseri infective juveniles. We hypothesized that the infective juvenile's behavioral response to cadavers would change as the state of a nematode-infected host changes during pathogenesis. We examined the effect of exudates collected from infected hosts on infective juvenile locomotory behavior. We detected no effects on nematode repulsion or attraction from exudates produced within the first 48h post-infection. We observed repulsion from accumulated exudates during the 3-48, 3-72, 3-120, and 3-144h intervals. Repulsion from exudates was observed during the 48-66, 72-90, and 120-138h intervals in experiments evaluating daily exudate emissions. The repellent effect of infected host exudates may result in an infective juvenile discriminating between suitable and unsuitable hosts.
Ultra-Hydrophobicity Through Stochastic Surface Roughness (2010)

Founded in 1683 in Leiden, the Netherlands, Brill is a leading international academic publisher in the Humanities, Social Sciences, International Law, and Biology. With offices in the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, the USA and Asia, Brill today publishes more than 360 journals and 2,000 new books and reference works each year as well as a large number of databases and primary source research collections.
Precise Measurements on the Absolute Localization Accuracy of TerraSAR-X on the Base of Far-Distributed Test Sites (2014)

Much research has focused on the deleterious effects of free-riding in public goods games, and a variety of mechanisms that suppress cheating behavior. Here we argue that under certain conditions cheating can be beneficial to the population. In a public goods game, cheaters do not pay for the cost of the public goods, yet they receive the benefit. Although this free-riding harms the entire population in the long run, the success of cheaters may aid the population when there is a common enemy that antagonizes both cooperators and cheaters. Here we study models of the interactions between tumor cells, which play a public goods game, and the immune system. We investigate three population dynamics models of cancer growth combined with a model of effector cell dynamics. We show that under a public good with a limiting benefit, the presence of cheaters aids the tumor in overcoming immune system suppression, and explore the parameter space wherein it occurs. The mechanism of this phenomenon is that a polymorphism of cheaters and altruists optimizes the average growth rate of the tumor, which is what determines whether or not the immune response is overcome. Our results give support for a possible synergy between cooperators and cheaters in ecological public goods games.