gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Chirality Induces Collective Cell Migration in Epithelial Sheets (2015)

During early development, epithelial cells form a monolayer sheet and migrate in a uniform direction. Here, we address how this collective migration can occur without breaking the cell-to-cell attachments. Repeated contraction and expansion of the cell-to-cell interfaces enables the cells to rearrange their positions autonomously within the sheet. We show that when the interface tension is strengthened in a direction that is tilted from the body axis, cell rearrangements occur in such a way that unidirectional movement is induced. We use a vertex model to demonstrate that such anisotropic tension can generate the unidirectional motion of cell sheets. Our results suggest that cell chirality facilitates collective cell migration during tissue morphogenesis.
Transcriptome Analysis of Medicinal Plant Salvia miltiorrhiza and Identification of Genes Related to Tanshinone Biosynthesis (2013)

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a perennial plant of Lamiaceae, accumulates abietane-type diterpenoids of tanshinones in root, which have been used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat neuroasthenic insomnia and cardiovascular diseases. However, to date the biosynthetic pathway of tanshinones is only partially elucidated and the mechanism for their root-specific accumulation remains unknown. To identify enzymes and transcriptional regulators involved in the biosynthesis of tanshinones, we conducted transcriptome profiling of S. miltiorrhiza root and leaf tissues using the 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing platform, which generated 550,546 and 525,292 reads, respectively. RNA sequencing reads were assembled and clustered into 64,139 unigenes (29,883 isotigs and 34,256 singletons). NCBI non-redundant protein databases (NR) and Swiss-Prot database searches anchored 32,096 unigenes (50%) with functional annotations based on sequence similarities. Further assignments with Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG biochemical pathways identified 168 unigenes referring to the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (including 144 MEP and MVA pathway genes and 24 terpene synthases). Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes identified 2,863 unigenes that were highly expressed in roots, including those encoding enzymes of early steps of tanshinone biosynthetic pathway, such as copalyl diphosphate synthase (SmCPS), kaurene synthase-like (SmKSL) and CYP76AH1. Other differentially expressed unigenes predicted to be related to tanshinone biosynthesis fall into cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, dehydrogenases and reductases, as well as regulatory factors. In addition, 21 P450 genes were selectively confirmed by real-time PCR. Thus we have generated a large unigene dataset which provides a valuable resource for further investigation of the radix development and biosynthesis of tanshinones.
Correction: Aljabali, A.A.A.; et al. Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer via down Regulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1α. Cancers 2020, 12, 113 (2020)

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...].
Foundry Developments Toward Silicon Nitride Photonics From Visible to the Mid-Infrared (2019)

Photonic integration technologies have spread in the past decade by means of foundry models that mirror the electronic-integrated circuit industry developments of the past century. Several monolithic technologies exist, based on silicon and III-V semiconductors. In this paper, we discuss the current state and forthcoming developments of open access photonic foundries whose technology platforms are based on silicon nitride material. The paper presents various silicon nitride technologies and foundries, alongside with access models supported by generic integration and process design kits. Technical features, enabled by different micro-fabrication processes and tools are summarized. Application examples and developments of forthcoming incorporation into these platforms are outlined.
Metal Carbide Nanocrystal Nucleation and Growth in a Transition Metal Coordination Polymer (2022)

The mechanism that governs the conversion of the Co-Prussian blue analogue (PBA) to Co2C was investigated and observed to exhibit lag phase growth behavior that can be fit to the autocatalytic kinetic model. The energetics and activation energies were extracted from the temperature-dependent data. The experimental results provide insight into how to control the size and crystallinity of Co2C, where shorter lag times and smaller sizes occur at higher reaction temperatures and longer times and larger sizes at lower temperatures. Investigation of temperature-dependent growth revealed an R2 relationship, supporting a surface mediated growth model. In addition, low temperatures lead to higher polycrystallinity in the nanocrystal that grows within the PBA framework.
Decoding Emotional Experience through Physiological Signal Processing (2016)

There is an increasing consensus among re- searchers that making a computer emotionally intelligent with the ability to decode human affective states would allow a more meaningful and natural way of human-computer interactions (HCIs). One unobtrusive and non-invasive way of recognizing human affective states entails the exploration of how physiological signals vary under different emotional experiences. In particular, this paper explores the correlation between autonomically-mediated changes in multimodal body signals and discrete emotional states. In order to fully exploit the information in each modality, we have provided an innovative classification approach for three specific physiological signals including Electromyogram (EMG), Blood Volume Pressure (BVP) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). These signals are analyzed as inputs to an emotion recognition paradigm based on fusion of a series of weak learners. Our proposed classification approach showed 88.1% recognition accuracy, which outperformed the conventional Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier with 17% accuracy improvement. Furthermore, in order to avoid information redundancy and the resultant over-fitting, a feature reduction method is proposed based on a correlation analysis to optimize the number of features required for training and validating each weak learner. Results showed that despite the feature space dimensionality reduction from 27 to 18 features, our methodology preserved the recognition accuracy of about 85.0%. This reduction in complexity will get us one step closer towards embedding this human emotion encoder in the wireless and wearable HCI platforms.
Discovery of Biaryl Anthranilides as Full Agonists for the High Affinity Niacin Receptor (2007)

Biaryl anthranilides are reported as potent and selective full agonists for the high affinity niacin receptor GPR109A. The SAR presented outlines approaches to reduce serum shift and both CYPCYP2C8 and CYP2C9 liabilities, while improving PK and maintaining excellent receptor activity. Compound 2i exhibited good in vivo antilipolytic efficacy while providing a significantly improved therapeutic index over vasodilation (flushing) with respect to niacin in the mouse model.
LIFT: a focal-plane wavefront sensor for real-time low-order sensing on faint sources (2010)

We propose the linearized focal-plane technique (LIFT) and compare it to classical sensors, such as the quad-cell wavefront sensor (WFS), pyramid WFS, and Shack-Hartmann WFS. The number of modes sensed by LIFT can be tuned without any hardware modification nor degradation of low-order sensing performance. We derive an analytic model of the noise propagation law, which we validate on end-to-end simulations.
Macrophages, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Tissue Factor in Unstable Angina (1996)

Tissue factor content is increased in unstable angina and correlates with areas of macrophages and smooth muscle cells, suggesting a cell-mediated thrombogenicity in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
Ternary Nets formed by Self‐Assembly of Triangles, Squares, and Tetrahedra (2005)

Ideale Ergänzung: Zwei Koordinationspolymere aus drei verschiedenen molekularen Baueinheiten, Dreiecke, Quadrate und Tetraeder, wurden hergestellt und charakterisiert. Die Formen, rot Dreiecke, grün Quadrate, gelb Tetraeder (siehe Bild), enthüllen, wie geeignete Kombinationen eckenverknüpfter Polygone oder Polyeder neuartige Topologien liefern, die sogar prototypisch für weit mehr organische und metall-organische Verbindungen sein könnten. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z500156_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Identification of two protein serine/threonine kinase genes and molecular cloning of a SNF1 type protein kinase gene from Toxoplasma gondii. (1995)

We report for the first time the identification of two protein kinase genes, in Toxoplasma gondii. Based on the conserved amino acid sequence motifs of catalytic subdomains VI(b) and IX of known protein serine/threonine kinases, degenerate oligonucleotides were synthesized and used in PCR to produce 196 and 373 bp DNAs. They encoded stretches of amino acid sequences characteristic of protein serine/threonine kinases. Dot and Southern blot analysis confirmed that these PCR products were of Toxoplasma origin. Screening of a genomic library of the organism with the 196 bp PCR product as a probe yielded 3 ToxPK1 g clones. Nucleotide sequence of two of these clones, revealed that the protein encoded, TOXPK1 resembled other carbon catabolite derepressing regulatory protein kinases. Therefore, we suggest that TOXPK1 could play a role in the interconversion of active and passive life-cycle stages of this parasite. RT-PCR studies on Toxoplasma tachyzoites' total RNA suggested that ToxPK1 gene is developmentally regulated. The 373 bp PCR product, however encoded a polypeptide that resembled the catalytic subunit of other cAMP-dependent protein kinases. Hence, this protein (TOXPK2) was considered as a product of another gene, ToxPK2.
Circadian Variation and Triggers of Cardiovascular Disease (1994)

It has recently been shown that approximately 90% of cases of non-fatal myocardial infarction and many cases of sudden cardiac death are caused by disruption of a coronary atherosclerotic plaque, followed by occlusive thrombus formation. Secondly, the circadian pattern of myocardial infarction is well known to feature a prominent increase in the morning hours. Taken together, these factors may provide an opportunity to reduce deaths caused by cardiovascular disease. Findings indicate that, in many cases, plaque disruption and thrombus formation are triggered by the activities of the patient. It is postulated that onset occurs when a 'vulnerable' atherosclerotic plaque becomes disrupted and occlusive thrombus formation occurs. The occurrence of a myocardial infarction in the morning hours could result from the synchronization of a number of potential triggers. The importance of the recognition of the circadian variation of acute onset of myocardial infarction is that pharmacologic protection can be directed at the early waking hours. It would seem reasonable to propose that long-acting anti-ischemic agents would have an advantage over short-acting agents in providing protection against the morning occurrence of myocardial infarction. A future goal would be to design therapeutic regimens that would have the ability to sever the linkage between a potential triggering activity and the development of myocardial infarction.
A Viscosity Equation for Gas Mixtures (1950)

By application of the kinetic theory, with several simplifying assumptions, the previous equation of Buddenberg and the author has been modified to give a general equation for viscosity as a function of molecular weights and viscosities of the pure components of the mixture. Agreement of the equation with experimental data is demonstrated for a number of highly irregular binary gas systems and mixtures of three to seven components.
A Nickel‐Based Composite Electroplated Cathode for the Membrane‐Type Chlor‐Alkali Cell (1990)

The cathode overvoltage is the largest factor of the terminal voltage of the membrane‐type chlor‐alkali cell. A nickel‐based composite was electroplated on Type 304 stainless steel cathode substrate. The cathode showed preferably low hydrogen overvoltage and resistance to both solution impurities and short‐circuiting. The cathode has been successfully employed in the commercial cell since 1984.
Low-symmetry effects in electron paramagnetic resonance (1980)

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a well-established technique for investigating the properties of metal ions in crystals, chemical complexes and biological molecules. It provides information about electronic structure and the site symmetry or nature of the environment of metal ions. The authors review the historical development of low-symmetry ideas and their theoretical basis as its major uses have been restricted to metal ions in sites of high symmetry. Major experimental results are tabulated and the discussion includes some of the attempts to interpret low-symmetry EPR data using crystal field and molecular orbital models. It is concluded that the role of excited-state orbitals, under the influence of low-symmetry fields, is largely responsible for the different orientations of the principal directions of the various interactions experienced by a paramagnetic ion.
Full-order fluctuation-dissipation relation for a class of nonequilibrium steady states (2015)

Acceleration of relaxation toward a fixed stationary distribution via violation of detailed balance was reported in the context of a Markov chain Monte Carlo method recently. Inspired by this result, systematic methods to violate detailed balance in Langevin dynamics were formulated by using exponential and rotational nonconservative forces. In the present paper, we accentuate that such specific nonconservative forces relate to the large deviation of total heat in an equilibrium state. The response to these nonconservative forces can be described by the intrinsic fluctuation of the total heat in the equilibrium state. Consequently, the fluctuation-dissipation relation for nonequilibrium steady states is derived without recourse to a linear response approximation.
Overview of MEMSWear II - Incorporating MEMS Technology into smart shirt for Geriatric care (2006)

10.1088/1742-6596/34/1/178
Vasodilator responses of rat isolated tail artery enhanced by oxygen‐dependent, photochemical release of nitric oxide from iron‐sulphur‐nitrosyls (1996)

1. The vasodilator properties and photochemical decomposition of two synthetic iron-sulphur-nitrosyl clusters (cluster A: [Fe4S4(NO)4], tetranitrosyl-tetra-mu 3-sulphido-tetrahedro-tetrairon; and B:[Fe4S3 (NO)7]-1, heptanitrosyl-tri-mu 3-thioxotetraferrate(-1)) have been investigated. Experiments were carried out on isolated, internally-perfused segments of rat tail artery. 2. Bolus injections (10 microliters) of A or B ( > 0.25 mM) delivered into the internal perfusate generated sustained (or S-type) vasodilator responses, characterized by a persistent plateau of reduced tone due to NO released from clusters which enter and become trapped within endothelial cells. Clusters were therefore irradiated with visible laser light (lambda = 457.9 or 514.5 nm) either (a) in solution, while passing through a glass tube en route to the artery; or (b) when retained within the endothelium, by illuminating the artery directly during the plateau of an S-type response. Irradiation produced an additional vasodilator response, the magnitude of which depended upon wavelength and laser beam energy. 3. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (100 microM), had no effect on light-induced vasodilator responses. However, they were (a) blocked entirely by adding oxyhaemoglobin (5 microM) to the internal perfusate; and (b) greatly enhanced by the enzyme superoxide dismutase (150 u ml-1). 4. Photolysis of cluster B was measured by absorption spectroscopy and by detecting NO released with an electrochemical sensor. The photochemical reaction was found to be oxygen-dependent. The half-time for inactivation of cluster-derived NO was measured by interposing different lengths of tubing (i.e. time delays) between the photolysis tube and NO sensor. The steady-state probe current decayed exponentially with increasing delay time, with a t 1/2 of 21 s. The amplitudes of vasodilator responses of the tail artery also decreased exponentially by increasing the time delay (t 1/2 = 58 s). Superoxide dismutase (150 u ml-1) prevented this from happening, showing that "inactivation' of cluster-derived NO was caused by reaction with superoxide anions formed during photolysis. 5. We conclude that potentiation of vasodilator responses to iron-sulphur-nitrosyl clusters by visible light is due to an oxygen-dependent photochemical reaction which accelerates the release of ligated nitrosyl groups as free NO. Based on our measurements, we estimate that ca 100 pM NO is sufficient to produce a just-detectable additional vasodilatation and that the ED50 dose is ca 3.7 nM.
Machine Learning Based Skill-Level Classification for Personal Mobility Devices Using Only Operational Characteristics (2018)

Some electric-powered wheelchairs are recently redefined as personal mobility devices. Their users are not only elderly or handicapped people, but also passengers with large baggage or pedestrians going from station to destination, i.e., last-mile transport. Consequently, people with different operation skills and expectations on personal mobility would become new users of this kind of devices. Safe and comfort travel in human co-existing environment such as sidewalks and airports is a social expectation for personal mobility. In order to realize this, understanding the operation skill of each user by a practical and simple method is essential. This paper thus introduced a skill level classification method by machine learning using only joystick data as input. In order to determine the number of skill level clusters, basic 26 features of joystick operation data are used for unsupervised clustering (single-linkage). We then made evaluation indexes by using speed, speed control, and direction control. For a five-level classification by using gradient boosting as supervised learning, we achieved a 67% accuracy (tolerance: 0) and a 98% accuracy (tolerance: 1). Further analysis of the feature importance of gradient boosting revealed key features to a good operation. Results also show that skill level differed among people with different driving experiences.
Effect of Ghrelin on Pain Threshold in Mice (2005)

Objectives: Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide, was isolated from the rat stomach as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogues receptor. The present study was planned to determine whether ghrelin affects pain threshold in mice. Materials and Methods: Adult male BALB/C mice weighing 2530g were used in this study. The hot plate test was conducted by placing the mouse on a metal surface maintained at 50±0.1&amp;amp;amp;#186;C by using hot plate analgesia meter. The latency to jumping or licking a hind paw was recorded as nociceptive threshold. Animals were allowed to acclimate to the hot plate for a period of 1 week prior to the experiment. Different doses of ghrelin were intraperitoneally administered to the animals after control latencies. Control group received saline alone. Hot plate test were performed in all animals individually in 30 th, 60 th, 90 th and 120 th minutes after injection. Pain threshold values were determined and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilkoxon Sign Ranks Test. Results: Ghrelin didn&amp;amp;amp;apos;t affect pain threshold throughout the experiment in 0.3pmol and 1pmol doses compared to control values. There were significant decreases in pain threshold when it is given in a dose of 3pmol in 30 th and 60 th minutes (p
Effects of a soy protein diet on serum leptin and isoflavones in obese versus lean Zucker rats (829.5) (2014)

The obesity epidemic in the US continue to rise. Obese women have higher mortality rates from all cancers including breast cancer. Studies suggest health benefits from soy consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a soy diet on serum leptin and isoflavone levels in obese animals. Lean and obese female Zucker rats (n=34) were randomly assigned to diets containing: 1) caseinate, or 2) soy protein isolate for 8 weeks. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA and total isoflavones (measured as aglycones genistein, daidzein and equol) were measured by liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Serum leptin levels were increased in obese vs lean animals on both diets (P&lt;0.001)). Isoflavones were not detected in serum from the casein diet group. Serum total genistein (0.88 + 0.28 vs 1.18 + 0.5 µM) and daidzein (0.43 + 0.70 vs 0.59 + 0.24 µM) (lean vs obese rats, respectively) were not affected by obesity in the soy diet group but obesity caused a significant (P&lt;0.05) reduction (1.40 + 0.46 vs 0.98 + 0.25 µM) in serum total equol levels. Our results suggest that isoflavone metabolism in the obese female Zucker rat model is altered compared to lean animals resulting in decreased equol formation by GI microflora following dietary soy consumption. Grant Funding Source : The UAMS Children’s University Medical Group
Prevalence of hereditary transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy in idiopathic progressive neuropathy in conurban areas (2019)

In conclusion, transthyretin hereditary amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR-PN) should be considered in cases of otherwise idiopathic polyneuropathy. Sequencing of the four exons of the <i>TTR</i> gene should be considered the key step in diagnosis, while tissue biopsy possibly leads to false negative results.
ULTRA SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING STUDY OF FLOCCULATION IN SILICA-FILLED RUBBER (2014)

ABSTRACT The flocculation of silica during vulcanization is monitored using the ultra small-angle X-ray scattering technique for two different types of silica: a highly dispersible silica (HD) and a conventional silica (CV), mixed into a blend of S-SBR and BR rubbers. The cutoff length of the silica aggregate R ss and the mass fractal dimension D m , which indicate the degree of flocculation of aggregates, are estimated according to the modified unified equation. The aggregate radius R a is estimated to be related to the lower cutoff length R ss , indicating the radius of gyration of the mass-fractal structure. For both silicas, R a increases during vulcanization. For the CV silica, an increase of D m is observed, whereas no significant increase of D m can be seen for the HD silica. The R a of CV is relatively high compared with that of HD. On the other hand, the CV silica shows a relatively lower D m compared with that of HD. These results indicate that CV has a larger size of aggregates and lower degree of agglomeration of its aggregates. The presence of di(tri-ethoxy-silyl-propyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) as coupling agent between the silica and rubber decreases the aggregate radius of silica. However, in the absence of TESPT, a low mass-fractal dimension, which means a low degree of agglomeration of aggregates, is observed. This results from a lower mobility of silica aggregates, depending on the size of the aggregates. The silica loading also has an influence on the flocculation process. The aggregate radius increases as the silica loading is increased. At the same time, a higher mass-fractal dimension, and therefore also a higher degree of agglomeration, can be seen at higher silica loading.