gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective CETP Inhibition and PPARα Agonism Increase HDL Cholesterol and Reduce LDL Cholesterol in Human ApoB100/Human CETP Transgenic Mice (2010)

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a key role in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol metabolism, but normal mice are deficient in CETP. In this study, transgenic mice expressing both human apolipoprotein B 100 (ApoB-100) and human CETP (hApoB100/hCETP) were used to characterize the effects of CETP inhibition and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) agonism on lipid profiles. Torcetrapib (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), a CETP inhibitor, fenofibrate (30 mg/kg), a weak PPARalpha agonist, and GW590735 (3 and 10 mg/kg), a potent and selective PPARalpha agonist were given orally for 14 days to hApoB100/hCETP mice and lipid profiles were assessed. The average percentages of HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol fractions in hApoB100/hCETP mice were 34.8%, 61.6%, and 3.6%, respectively, which is similar to those of normolipidemic humans. Both torcetrapib and fenofibrate significantly increased HDL cholesterol and reduced LDL cholesterol, and there was a tendency for torcetrapib to reduce VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides. GW590735 significantly increased HDL cholesterol, decreased LDL and VLDL cholesterol, and significantly reduced triglycerides. Maximal increases in HDL cholesterol were 37%, 53%, and 84% with fenofibrate, torcetrapib, and GW590735, respectively. These results, in mice that exhibit a more human-like lipid profile, demonstrate an improved lipid profile with torcetrapib, fenofibrate, and GW590735, and support the use of selective PPARalpha agonism for the treatment of lipid disorders. In addition, these data demonstrate the use of hApoB100/hCETP transgenic mice to identify, characterize, and screen compounds that increase HDL cholesterol.
Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Analysis of a Graphite/LiFePO<sub>4</sub> Li-Ion Cell to Improve Its Durability (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the best candidates as energy storage systems for automobile applications due to their high power and energy densities. However, durability in comparison to other battery chemistries continues to be a key factor in prevention of wide scale adoption by the automotive industry. In order to design more-durable, longer-life, batteries, reliable and predictive battery models are required. In this paper, an effective model for simulating full-size LIBs is employed that can predict the operating voltage of the cell and the distribution of variables such as electrochemical current generation and battery state of charge (SOC). This predictive ability is used to examine the effect of parameters such as current collector thickness and tab location for the purpose of reducing non-uniform voltage and current distribution in the cell. It is identified that reducing the non-uniformities can reduce the ageing effects and increase the battery durability. Finally, it is observed that simply changing tab locations can change the degree of non-uniformity in electrochemical current generation from a max-min variation of 10 % to 3 % across the entire cell.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Crop Host Influences on Outcomes of Competition Between Aspergillus Section Flavi Species Coinfecting Maize and Groundnuts (2022)

Aspergillus section Flavi species co-occur and contaminate crops, including maize and groundnuts, with aflatoxins. Competition among A. flavus genotypes is influenced by crop host, but competition between Aspergillus species has not been examined. The objectives of the current study were to (i) assess competition among four aflatoxin-producing species on maize and groundnuts and (ii) evaluate within-species variation in competitive ability during coinfection with another species on the two crops. For the first objective, maize and groundnut kernels were coinoculated with all possible pairs of A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. aflatoxiformans, and an unnamed taxon known as the Lethal Aflatoxicosis Fungus (LAF). For the second objective, three isolates from each of the four species were coinoculated with a representative isolate of a competing species on the two hosts. In all experiments, isolates were cocultured for 7 days at 30°C, and then aflatoxins and total conidia were measured, and the percentages of each species within a treatment were assessed with quantitative pyrosequencing. Maize kernels supported greater aflatoxin production than groundnuts, whereas groundnuts supported greater sporulation than maize. Hosts differentially influenced competition between species, with A. flavus generally more competitive on maize and LAF more competitive on groundnuts. Overall, A. flavus and LAF were the most competitive species, whereas A. parasiticus was the least competitive. However, isolates within a species varied in competitive ability and in their response to host and competing species. Results suggest that although crop hosts influence Aspergillus community composition, within-species variability makes it difficult to predict outcomes of competition on a particular crop. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
GRB 081008: From Burst To Afterglow And The Transition Phase In Between (2016)

Download details: IP Address: 131.215.193.213 The article was downloaded on 12/03/2010 at 21:20 Please note that terms and conditions apply.
Cramer Rao Lower Bound for Underwater Range Estimation with Noisy Sound Speed Profile (2014)

In this paper, the Cramer Rao bound (CRB) for range estimation between two underwater nodes is calculated under a Gaussian noise assumption on the measurements. The nodes can measure their depths, their mutual time of flight, and they have access to noisy sound speed samples at different depths. The effect of each measurement on the CRB will be analyzed, and it will be shown that for long distances, the effect of the sound speed measurement noise is dominant, and its impact depends on the positions of the nodes, actual sound speed profile, the number of sound speed samples, and the depths at which the sound speed samples are gathered.
A Remark on Natural Language Processing from the Biolinguistic Perspective (2007)

A rhabdovirus, Mn 936-77, was isolated from a pool of two Culex tarsalis collected on August 16, 1977, from Morris, Manitoba. Isolate Mn 936-77 was not pathogenic for suckling Swiss white mice inoculated by the intracerebral route. The virus propagated in three vertebrate cell lines (Vero, primary chick embryo, mouse neuroblastoma), but apparently not in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells. Isolate Mn 936-77 did not react by amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay with 230 viruses of proven or possible arbovirus etiology or by immunofluorescence with 88 members of the family Rhabdoviridae. Isolate Mn 936-77 appears to be a newly discovered virus for which the name Manitoba virus is proposed.
Evaluation of nano spray drying as a method for drying and formulation of therapeutic peptides and proteins (2015)

OPINION article Front. Pharmacol., 07 July 2015Sec. Drugs Outcomes Research and Policies Volume 6 - 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00140
Innovation spurs novel nontraditional applications (2008)

The inherent strengths of ultrasound—low cost, wide availability, nonionizing radiation—make this modality a favorite to get the diagnostic ball rolling.
Avian Simuliotoxicosis: Outbreak in Louisiana (2012)

From April 20 to May 10, 2010, multiple species of birds were seen at the Louisiana State University (LSU) Zoological Medicine Department for a disease syndrome characterized by acute lethargy, generalized subcutaneous petechiae, vasculitis, and death caused by a black fly identified as Simulium meridionale. Twenty psittacine birds presented with severe depression and multifocal subcutaneous hemorrhages over the body and especially noted in the featherless areas of the head and neck. Ten out of 20 clinical cases seen survived on a treatment regimen consisting of intravenous fluid therapy, anti-inflammatories, antihistaminic medications, and supportive care. The 10 other birds likely died of cardiopulmonary collapse and anaphylactoid reactions. In all post mortem examinations multifocal to coalescing dermal hemorrhage, eosinophilic dermatitis, severe edema, and vasculitis were observed. The LSU School of Animal Science conducted a brief survey that included 34 of the 64 Louisiana parishes and showed that 17 parishes, at least, were affected by this outbreak. A total of at least 225 poultry bird deaths could be attributed to black fly strikes. Simuliotoxicosis outbreaks have previously been reported in North America, and this report documents the clinical and post mortem findings, treatment response, and extent of such an outbreak in pet and farm birds in Louisiana.
X-Ray structural and photoluminescence spectroscopic investigation of the europium octamolybdate polymer Eu2(H2O)12[Mo8O27]·6H2O and intramolecular energy transfer in the crystalline lattice (1991)

Photoluminescence and intramolecular energy-transfer properties of Eu2(H2O)12[Mo8O27]·6H2O, 1 have been determined in connection with the crystal structure. The compound has been prepared by treating K2[MoO4] with Eu(NO3)3 in aqueous solution at pH 3.0 and isolated in a crystalline form with a belt structure. A single-crystal X-ray analysis [triclinic, space group P, a= 10.105(3), b= 12.006(5), c= 9.365(4)Å, α= 122.59(3), β= 90.12(3), γ= 98.33(3)°, Z=1, Mo-Kα radiation, R= 0.063 for 4485 independent data with I > 3σ(I)] shows the cation to have the composition [Eu(H2O)6]3+. The latter is also bonded to one oxygen atom of each octahedron of an edge-sharing pair of MoO6 octahedra in the Mo8O27 anion, which is isostructural to the condensation polymer of the octamolybdate through one common oxygen atom. In addition, Eu3+ is linked by one oxygen atom belonging to the MoO6 octahedron in a neighbouring Mo7O27 unit, resulting in the formation of a tricapped trigonal-prismatic Eu(H2O)6O3 group (average Eu–O bond length 2.48 Å). Luminescent transitions of both 5D0→7FJ and 5D1→7FJ for Eu3+ are observed upon photoexcitation of the O → Mo ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (l.m.c.t.) bands but the intramolecular energy transfer to the 5D1 level takes place predominantly from the O → Mo l.m.c.t. states at energies higher than 3.6 eV (ca. 5.8 × 10–19 J). The temperature dependence of the intramolecular energy transfer from the O → Mo l.m.c.t. states to Eu3+ indicates that the configuration of the Mo–O–Eu linkage (ca. 150°) allows hopping of a d1 electron to the EuO9 site due to thermally activated delocalization between MoO6 and EuO9 sites, which acts as a deactivation channel for the energy transfer from the O → Mo l.m.c.t. states to the emitting levels of Eu3+. Co-ordination of six aqua ligands leads to a low lifetime (0.17 ± 0.01ms) of the emitting state of 5D0 with a resultant decrease in the total quantum yields of the emission, arising from vibronic coupling of the 5D0 state with the vibrational states of high-frequency OH oscillators. The 7F1, 7F2, 7F3, 7F4, 5D1 and 5D2 crystal-field splittings for the C1 site of Eu3+ are estimated on the basis of the high-resolution emission and excitation spectra at 77 K. Vibronic lines belonging to the 7F0→5D2 and 7F1→6D1 transitions are observed in the excitation spectrum.
Sensitive detection method of dielectric dispersions in aqueous-based, surface-bound macromolecular structures using microwave spectroscopy (1999)

An approach for measuring the dispersions in the microwave regime of larger aqueous-based molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids is presented. This method allows for the identification of molecular structures, changes in structures, and various types of intermolecular interactions via the direct detection of the dispersion properties of the system, and further allows for the measurement in physiologic environments such as aqueous buffers. By placing the molecular system on a surface, the structures and interactions are reduced to a two-dimensional sample, and thus the sensitivity of the measurement strategy is greatly enhanced.
An in silico Approach Reveals Associations between Genetic and Epigenetic Factors within Regulatory Elements in B Cells from Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients (2015)

Recent advances in genetics have highlighted several regions and candidate genes associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), a systemic autoimmune epithelitis that combines exocrine gland dysfunctions, and focal lymphocytic infiltrations. In addition to genetic factors, it is now clear that epigenetic deregulations are present during SS and restricted to specific cell type subsets, such as lymphocytes and salivary gland epithelial cells. In this study, 72 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 43 SS gene risk factors were selected from publicly available and peer reviewed literature for further in silico analysis. SS risk variant location was tested revealing a broad distribution in coding sequences (5.6%), intronic sequences (55.6%), upstream/downstream genic regions (30.5%), and intergenic regions (8.3%). Moreover, a significant enrichment of regulatory motifs (promoter, enhancer, insulator, DNAse peak, and expression quantitative trait loci) characterizes SS risk variants (94.4%). Next, screening SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium (r (2) ≥ 0.8 in Caucasians) revealed 645 new variants including 5 SNPs with missense mutations, and indicated an enrichment of transcriptionally active motifs according to the cell type (B cells > monocytes > T cells ≫ A549). Finally, we looked at SS risk variants for histone markers in B cells (GM12878), monocytes (CD14(+)) and epithelial cells (A548). Active histone markers were associated with SS risk variants at both promoters and enhancers in B cells, and within enhancers in monocytes. In conclusion and based on the obtained in silico results that need further confirmation, associations were observed between SS genetic risk factors and epigenetic factors and these associations predominate in B cells, such as those observed at the FAM167A-BLK locus.
Ambient Volatility of Bis-(2-Chloroethyl) Sulfide (2007)

Abstract : The volatility of bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (HI)) has been measured in the presence of water vapor using methodology recently developed at the U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center. Contrary to predictions based on ideal behavior as described by Raoult's Law, the volatility of HI) is virtually independent of ambient humidity. This result suggests that the re-evaporation of HI) after deposition into the environment is a function of temperature, wind speed, and interactions with materials on which deposition takes place, but it is not influenced by ambient humidity.
Image content based improvements to locally adaptive video enhancement (2002)

Three classes of adaptations to systems for video processing are presented. These three techniques are special purpose modifications to commonly used algorithms. The first technique limits excursions of peak white and black with minimum compromise of edge enhancement. The second is a method of preserving perceived chroma when processing luminance. The third is an adaptive contrast term to control the enhancement level in black regions of an image such that noise often associated with dark scene material is not enhanced. All three techniques have been installed on various real-time image processors made by DigiVision for specialty tasks such as night vision and medical endoscopy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Image set compression through minimal-cost prediction structures (2005)

We propose a new scheme for compressing on image set by building its minimal-cost prediction structure. Existing prediction-based video coding methods can be easily extended and incorporated into this scheme to achieve higher compression efficiency. According to this prediction structure, we also develop a progressive transmission approach for interactive object movie (OM) browsing.
<title>Near-infrared fluorescent probes</title> (1993)

The application of near-infrared molecules as potential probes for fiber optic applications is discussed. A bis-carboxylic acid derivative of a carbocyanine dye was utilized to determine solution pH changes, and a 2,3-dicyanonaphthalene derivative was used as a probe for the metal concentration studies. The absorbance and fluorescence wavelength of the NIR dyes used in the optical probe are above the 700 nm to minimize interference. The probe dye was entrapped in a polymer matrix attached at the distal end of two optical fibers. The output of a 780 nm semiconductor laser diode beam was focused on one fiber and used for excitation of the probe dye. The second fiber was used to collect the fluorescence from the probe. The fluorescence intensity was monitored as the probe was placed in vials containing the analyte. The optical probe response was found to be about 20 sec during the metal ion measurements; however, the probe response was shorter for pH measurements. The long term stability of the probe was investigated by a week-long period of observation and resulted in a change of about 2% in intensity signal, indicating suitable long term stability.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Silylcarbotricyclization (SiCaT) of Triynes (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Silylcarbotricyclization (SiCaT) of TriynesIwao Ojima, An T. Vu, James V. McCullagh, and Atsushi KinoshitaView Author Information Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 13, 3230–3231Publication Date (Web):March 20, 1999Publication History Received5 May 1998Published online20 March 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9815529https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9815529rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Hydrocarbons,Inorganic carbon compounds,Oxides,Rhodium Get e-Alerts
Stretching of a Single Tethered Polymer in a Uniform Flow (1995)

The stretching of single, tethered DNA molecules by a flow was directly visualized with fluorescence microscopy. Molecules ranging in length (L) from 22 to 84 micrometers were held stationary against the flow by the optical trapping of a latex microsphere attached to one end. The fractional extension x/L is a universal function of eta vL 0.54 +/- 0.05, where eta and v are the viscosity and velocity of the flow, respectively. This relation shows that the DNA is not "free-draining" (that is, hydrodynamic coupling within the chain is not negligible) even near full extension (approximately 80 percent). This function has the same form over a long range as the fractional extension versus force applied at the ends of a worm-like chain. For small deformations (< 30 percent of full extension), the extension increases with velocity as x approximately v0.70 +/- 0.08. The relative size of fluctuations in extension decreases as sigma x/x approximately equal to 0.42 exp (-4.9 x/L). Video images of the fluctuating chain have a cone-like envelope and show a sharp increase in intensity at the free end.
Massive MIMO with Quasi Orthogonal Pilots: A Flexible Solution for TDD Systems (2017)

This paper presents novel results for Massive MIMO time division duplex (TDD) system where the beam- forming vector in the down-link makes use of MMSE channel estimates with quasi-orthogonal pilot sequences as opposed to orthogonal pilot sequences used in the prior art. The proposed method tackles the issue of pilot contamination by adapting the length of quasi-orthogonal pilot sequences according to the channel conditions or coherence time, leading to maximization of the total throughput. We compute the optimal length of the pilot sequences, for both orthogonal and quasi- orthogonal pilot sequences, that maximizes the achievable rates. We formulate the design criteria of the proposed scheme by using a classical theorem of estimation theory for multi- variate Gaussian distribution. Then we solve the criteria using heuristic algorithms and carry out simulations for different coherence times in a multi-cell system. It is shown that our proposed scheme requires 17\% less pilot resources as compared to schemes that employ orthogonal pilots. Furthermore, an interesting trade-off between the choice of pilots and the sum rate is observed for variable length of coherence interval.
The Isolation of Maxicells (2003)

The maxicell system (1) is based on the following observation: The number of lesions induced with UV light in a DNA molecule is proportional with the size of the molecule and the dose of the UV light. Since most plasmids are less than 1/1000 the size of the chromosome and are usually present in 10-100 copies per cell, it is possible to irradiate a culture of a plasmid-containing strain in such a way that every single chromosome is damaged at least once, whereas at the same time a substantial number of plasmid molecules remain undamaged.
Preoperative and Postoperative Opioid Dependence in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Diskectomy and Fusion for Degenerative Spinal Disorders (2021)

Opioid dependence after ACDF is associated with increased hospital readmissions, complication rates at 30 days, and payments within 3 months and 3 to 15 months postdischarge. Overall opioid dependence was decreased after ACDF procedure, however, a smaller number of opioid-dependent and opioid-naive patients became dependent postoperatively and should be followed carefully.
New high repetition rate, high energy 308 nm excimer laser for material processing (2007)

High power excimer lasers are well established as work horses for various kinds of micro material processing. The applications are ranging from drilling holes, trench formation, thin film ablation to the crystallization of amorphous-Si into polycrystalline-Si. All applications use the high photon energy and large pulse power of the excimer technology. The increasing demand for micro scale products has let to the demand for UV lasers which support high throughput production. We report the performance parameters of a newly developed XeCl excimer laser with doubled repetition rate compared to available lasers. The developed laser system delivers up to 900 mJ stabilized pulse energy at 600 Hz repetition rate. The low jitter UV light source operates with excellent energy stability. The outstanding energy stability was reached by using a proprietary solid-state pulser discharge design.