gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On a Modified Approach of Measuring Quench Severity and its Application (2021)

Abstract This paper presents a method for calculating quench severity based on hardness profile matching. The new method has the potential to eliminate the need for Jominy end-quench testing as required in the traditional Kern approach. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, a test bar and Jominy bar were machined from 2-in. bar stock and heat treated in accordance with ASTM A255. The test bar was quenched in a draft-tube system with a water velocity of 6 ft/s. An excel workbook was programmed to calculate the quenched hardness profile based on prior austenite grain size and steel chemistry. The calculations were in good agreement with measured Jominy hardness as were the quench severities determined by the Kern method and the proposed hardness profile matching technique.
Cryo-EM structures of the human G-protein coupled receptor 1 (GPR1) – Gi protein complexes bound to the full-length chemerin and to its C-terminal nonapeptide (2023)

ABSTRACT Chemerin is an adipokine with chemotactic activity to a subset of leukocytes. Chemerin mainly acts through its C-terminal nonapeptide (YFPGQFAFS, C9) that bind to three G protein-coupled receptors including chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G-protein coupled receptor 1 (GPR1) and C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). We examined C9 signaling through GPR1 and found this receptor capable of Gi signaling but very weak β-arrestin signaling. Here we report high-resolution cryo-EM structures of GPR1-Gi complexes bound to full-length chemerin and to C9, respectively. Unlike C9 that inserts directly into a transmembrane binding pocket, full-length chemerin uses its N-terminal globular core for extensive interaction with the N terminus of GPR1. Within the binding pocket, the C terminal loop containing the nonapeptide takes the same “S-shape” pose as synthetic C9 nonapeptide. These findings explain why the nonapeptide is a full agonist of GPR1, and demonstrate that chemerin uses a “two-site” model for interaction with GPR1. An analysis of the GPR1-Gi protein interface found high similarities to the CMKLR1-Gi complex, as confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis with functional verifications. Our structural analysis demonstrates shared features with chemokines in that chemerin acts as a “reverse chemokine” with switched functions of its N and C termini in the interaction with GPR1.
Fiber Bragg gratings as interleavers (2003)

We present various innovative approaches and techniques for using a fiber Bragg grating as an interleaver device deployed in an optical network. Simulations that verify the various design approaches are presented. The analyzed Bragg grating configurations are periodic grating structures, distributed uniform gratings, super and composed structures, and iterative approaches for synthesizing.
Individuals with type 2 diabetes have higher density of small intestinal neurotensin-expressing cells (2023)

Neurotensin (NT) is a gastro-intestinal hormone involved in several pathways that regulate energy and glucose homeostasis. NT was hypothesized to act in synergy with incretin hormones to potentiate its anti-diabetic effects. Additionally, circulating NT levels were shown to rise after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss. Knowledge of NT-secreting cells distribution along the small intestine and its variation according to diabetes status could provide insights on NT role in mediating type 2 diabetes (T2D) improvement after bariatric surgery. So, our aims were to characterize NT-expressing cell distribution along the human small intestine and to compare the relative density of NT-expressing cells in the small intestine of individuals with and without T2D undergoing bariatric surgery for obesity treatment. Autopsy-derived small intestine fragments (n = 30) were obtained at every 20 cm along the entire intestinal length. Additionally, jejunum biopsies (n = 29) were obtained during elective gastric bypass interventions from patients with (n = 10) or without T2D (n = 18). NT-expressing cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and quantified via computerized morphometric analysis. NT-expressing cell density increased along the human small intestine. NT-expressing cell density was significantly higher from 200 cm distal to the duodenojejunal flexure onward, as well as in subjects with T2D when compared to those without T2D. NT-expressing cell density increases along the human small gut, and a higher density is found in individuals with T2D. This finding suggests a potential role for NT in the mechanisms of disease and T2D improvement observed after bariatric surgery.
Gamma-irradiated cross-linked polyethylene in total hip replacements ? analysis of retrieved sockets after long-term implantation (2001)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and chemical characteristics of gamma-irradiated, cross-linked polyethylene after long-term service in vivo. Two gamma-irradiated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (RCH 1000, molecular weight: 10(6)) total hip replacement sockets were retrieved at 15 and 16 years after implantation. Mechanical and chemical characteristics of the sockets were evaluated in comparison with nonirradiated sockets. Significant surface oxidation occurred in the nonirradiated sockets; up to 75% of that seen in the irradiated ones. The mechanical properties of the irradiated sockets were not subject to increased deterioration in the presence of high free radical content. The cross-link was stable and was retained for a long period both in vivo and in ambient air. These data indicate that gamma-irradiated polyethylene was not subject to increased oxidative degradation during long-term service in vivo and confirmed the usefulness of this material as an articulating surface in total hip replacement.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the uterus that might STUMP you: Report of a case with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings (2018)

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is an under-recognized locally aggressive tumor that has rarely been described in the uterus. We present a case in a 40-year-old patient with a large tumor mass in the posterior wall of her uterus. The patient was followed for years clinically and assumed to have a leiomyomatous lesion. The clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features are discussed with review of the literature.
GBAS use Cases Beyond What was Envisioned – Drone Navigation (2022)

In this paper, we investigate the potential performance of the envisioned Differentially Corrected Positioning Service (DCPS) for the Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS). For this purpose, we receive and decode the GBAS messages transmitted by the operational GBAS station providing GBAS Approach Service Type (GAST) C (i.e. a CAT-I service) at Zurich airport. Based on these parameters we calculate the respective protection levels for the GBAS DCPS and compare them with the SBAS protection levels. Due to the fact, that the GBAS corrections are locally generated, the achievable performance is usually better than with SBAS. However, the GNSS navigation errors decorrelate with distance, leading to an increase in the protection level. Both, the GBAS and SBAS protection levels, are dependent on a k-factor. This factor is derived from the allocated integrity risk to an integrity risk and equals 6.18 in the case of SBAS. For GBAS, the k-factor is 10. This is a very conservative value, which would be adapted in the future as the DCPS, its use-cases and the required level of integrity are developed further. To show a less conservative and more realistic scenario for comparing SBAS and GBAS protection levels, a GBAS protection level with a reduced k-factor of 6.18 was additionally calculated. The resulting performance of the regular GBAS and the GBAS with a reduced k-factor is then compared to the protection levels of a purely SBAS-based navigation to identify areas of potential use of the proposed system. Based on these evaluations we show that the GBAS DCPS yields better performance in an area of (on average) more than 50 km around the GBAS station.
Abstract 10254: HDAC Inhibition Regulates Cardiac Function via Myofilament Acetylation (2021)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a global issue and approximately 50% of patients are classified as having HF with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF), with no FDA approved therapies available. We previously characterized a large animal model that recapitulates key features of HFpEF and tested the effects of suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA, pan-HDAC inhibitor), which reversed and prevented the development of cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Parallel studies in cardiac tissue from humans and large mammals were designed to evaluate the effects of SAHA at the cellular level. Hypothesis: SAHA treatment will improve cardiomyocyte function. Methods: Adult feline ventricular cardiomyocytes (AFVM) were isolated from male domestic short hair cats and treated with 2.5μM SAHA or vehicle (DMSO) for 90 minutes, then incubated with a calcium (Ca 2+ ) indicator (Fluo-4AM) and electrically stimulated (0.5Hz) to record Ca 2+ transients and contractions. Human left ventricle (LV) trabeculae isolated from non-failing donor hearts were treated with 10μM SAHA or vehicle for 120 minutes while being electrically stimulated (1Hz) to record developed force and relaxation parameters. Skinned myocytes were isolated from treated AFVM and human trabeculae to assess myofilament Ca 2+ sensitivity and passive stiffness. Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed on AFVM skinned myocytes to identify novel acetylation sites. Results: There was no difference in AFVM peak Ca 2+ transients with SAHA treatment, but calcium removal was increased (tau, time to 30% baseline). There was a significant increase in contractility (fractional shortening) and relaxation kinetics (time to 50% baseline, return velocity). Trabeculae treated with SAHA had decreased diastolic tension and an increase in developed force. Skinned myocytes were isolated from treated AFVMs and trabeculae and both had a significant improvement in myofilament Ca 2+ sensitivity and significant decrease in passive stiffness with SAHA. MS of AFVM skinned myocytes revealed increased acetylation of the myosin regulatory light chain, driven by lysine 115. Conclusions: These findings suggest that SAHA may have an important role in regulating cardiac function via the cardiomyocyte and myofilament in feline and human myocardium.
Review article: management of diverticulitis (2007)

Uncomplicated diverticulitis is treated medically. Complicated diverticulitis with small abscesses is treated with antibiotics while larger abscesses are drained with computerised tomography-guided puncture. Emergency surgery is reserved for peritonitis, elective surgery for fistula/stenosis. Surgery to prevent recurrence is indicated only in selected cases (e.g. immune compromised).
Enhanced Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Is Associated with the Development of Gastric Cancer (2013)

The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR has been reported to be a poor prognostic biomarker in a variety of malignant tumors. However, little is known about the association of HOTAIR with gastric cancer. We examined the expression of HOTAIR in 68 gastric cancer samples using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and analyzed its correlation with the clinical parameters. The functional role of HOTAIR was examined by generating human gastric cancer cell lines with increased or suppressed HOTAIR expression. The anchorage -independent growth was assessed by soft agar assay. The increased or suppressed HOTAIR expressing gastric cancer cells were injected into the tail vein or peritoneal cavity of immunodeficient mice to examine the effect of this molecule on metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. The expression of HOTAIR was significantly higher in cancer lesions than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues in human gastric cancers. In the diffuse type of gastric cancer, the High-HOTAIR group (HOTAIR/GAPDH > 1) showed significantly more venous invasion, frequent lymph node metastases and a lower overall survival rate compared to the Low-HOTAIR group (HOTAIR/GAPDH < 1). Colony formation on the soft agar was enhanced in a HOTAIR-dependent manner. HOTAIR-expressing MKN74 formed more liver metastasis compared to control when they were injected into the tail vein of mice. In addition, reduced expression of HOTAIR in KATO III suppressed peritoneal dissemination. These results suggest that HOTAIR plays a pivotal role in the development of gastric cancer.
Tissue Oxygenation Changes in Response to Radiation Therapy in Breast Cancer Subjects Using Near-Infrared Optical Imaging (2020)

Tissue oxygenation changes in response to radiation therapy in breast cancer subjects, with decreased oxygen saturation due to onset of radiation dermatitis, as observed via near-infrared optical imaging studies.
ADSORPTION OF CYTOTOXIC ANTI-HLA ANTIBODIES WITH HLA CLASS I IMMUNOSORBANT BEADS (1990)

In an effort to generate HLA immunosorbants to specifically remove anti-HLA antibodies from sera of highly sensitized patients, we purified HLA proteins, covalently coupled them onto Sepharose, and adsorbed antisera from five patients with narrowly reactive cytotoxic anti-HLA antibodies and from one patient with broadly reactive antibodies. We found that an HLA-A2 immunosorbant depleted anti-HLA-A2 cytotoxic antibodies, but did not deplete anti-HLA-B7 or anti-HLA-B44 cytotoxic antibodies from the narrowly reactive patient sera. Patient S.C. developed high PRA (81%) with strong cytotoxicity against HLA-A1 and -A2 following rejection of an HLA-A1, -B57 mismatched kidney. We adsorbed his sera with five HLA immunosorbants including HLA-A2 and HLA-A1,28. We found that the HLA-A2 immunosorbant depleted antibodies to HLA-A2+ and HLA-B57+ cells but not to HLA-A1+ cells, while the HLA-A1,A28 immunosorbant depleted antibodies to both HLA-A1+ cells and to the HLA-A28 cross-reactive HLA-A2+ cells. Adsorption was specific for HLA-A alleles to which the patient was sensitized, since neither HLA-B-C immunosorbants (containing HLA-B7, -B8, -B13, -B27, or -B37 plus HLA-C gene products) nor the control immunosorbants (bovine serum albumin or diphtheria toxoid) depleted serum S.C. of cytotoxic anti-HLA antibodies. Our results indicate that HLA immunosorbants are stable to sequential cycles of adsorption and elution, and thus may be of future therapeutic value in treatment of sensitized patients.
Discovery of the fastest myosin, its amino acid sequence, and structural features (2021)

Abstract Cytoplasmic streaming with extremely high velocity (~70 μm s −1 ) occurs in cells of the characean algae ( Chara ). Because cytoplasmic streaming is caused by organelle-associated myosin XI sliding along actin filaments, it has been suggested that a myosin XI, which has a velocity of 70 μm s −1 , the fastest myosin measured so far, exists in Chara cells. However, the previously cloned Chara corallina myosin XI ( Cc XI) moved actin filaments at a velocity of around 20 μm s −1 , suggesting that an unknown myosin XI with a velocity of 70 μm s −1 may be present in Chara . Recently, the genome sequence of Chara braunii has been published, revealing that this alga has four myosin XI genes. In the work reported in this paper, we cloned these four myosin XIs ( Cb XI-1, 2, 3, and 4) and measured their velocities. While the velocities of Cb XI-3 and Cb XI-4 were similar to that of Cc XI, the velocities of Cb XI-1 and Cb XI-2 were estimated to be 73 and 66 μm s −1 , respectively, suggesting that Cb XI-1 and Cb XI-2 are the main contributors to cytoplasmic streaming in Chara cells and showing that Cb XI-1 is the fastest myosin yet found. We also report the first atomic structure (2.8 Å resolution) of myosin XI using X-ray crystallography. Based on this crystal structure and the recently published cryo-EM structure of acto-myosin XI at low resolution (4.3 Å), it appears that the actin-binding region contributes to the fast movement of Chara myosin XI. Mutation experiments of actin-binding surface loop 2 support this hypothesis. Significance statement It has been suggested for more than 50 years that the fastest myosin in the biological world, with a velocity of 70 μm s −1 , exists in the alga Chara because cytoplasmic streaming with a velocity of 70 μm s −1 occurs in Chara cells. However, a myosin with that velocity has not yet been identified. In this work, we succeeded in cloning a myosin XI with a velocity of 73 μm s −1 , the fastest myosin so far measured. We also successfully crystallized myosin XI for the first time. Structural analyses and mutation experiments suggest that the central regions that define the fast movement of Chara myosin XI are the actin-binding sites.
Analysis of Plant Height Changes of Lodged Maize Using UAV-LiDAR Data (2020)

Lodging stress seriously affects the yield, quality, and mechanical harvesting of maize, and is a major natural disaster causing maize yield reduction. The aim of this study was to obtain light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data of lodged maize using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a RIEGL VUX-1UAV sensor to analyze changes in the vertical structure of maize plants with different degrees of lodging, and thus to use plant height to quantitatively study maize lodging. Based on the UAV-LiDAR data, the height of the maize canopy was retrieved using a canopy height model to determine the height of the lodged maize canopy at different times. The profiles were analyzed to assess changes in maize plant height with different degrees of lodging. The differences in plant height growth of maize with different degrees of lodging were evaluated to determine the plant height recovery ability of maize with different degrees of lodging. Furthermore, the correlation between plant heights measured on the ground and LiDAR-estimated plant heights was used to verify the accuracy of plant height estimation. The results show that UAV-LiDAR data can be used to achieve maize canopy height estimation, with plant height estimation accuracy parameters of R2 = 0.964, RMSE = 0.127, and nRMSE = 7.449%. Thus, it can reflect changes of plant height of lodging maize and the recovery ability of plant height of different lodging types. Plant height can be used to quantitatively evaluate the lodging degree of maize. Studies have shown that the use of UAV-LiDAR data can effectively estimate plant heights and confirm the feasibility of LiDAR data in crop lodging monitoring.
Influence of the statistical distribution of level parameters on compound nuclear cross sections for strongly overlapping resonances (1981)

We examine numerically the influence of the distribution of the poles and residues of the $K$ matrix on the elastic enhancement factor $W$ in the Hauser-Feshbach formula. For a distribution of pole parameters consistent with the results of random matrix theory, our results strongly suggest a value of $W=2.0$, in the limit of strongly overlapping resonances.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Influence of statistical distribution of level parameters on compound nucleus reaction cross section for strong absorption.
Influenza A Virus Induces Interleukin-27 through Cyclooxygenase-2 and Protein Kinase A Signaling (2012)

We previously reported that IL-27, which belongs to the IL-12 family of cytokines, is elevated in the serum of patients infected with influenza A virus (IAV). Here, we show that the expression of IL-27 was significantly up-regulated in A549 human lung epithelial cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with IAV. Additionally, IAV triggered IL-27 expression through protein kinase A and cAMP-response element-binding protein signaling, which was mediated by cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E(2). IL-27 inhibited IAV replication by STAT1/2/3 phosphorylation and activated antiviral factor protein kinase R phosphorylation. Clinical analysis showed that IL-27 levels were significantly elevated in a cohort of patients infected with IAV compared with healthy individuals and that circulating IL-27 levels were tightly and positively correlated with prostaglandin E(2) levels. These results indicate that IL-27 expression is one host immune factor produced in response to IAV infection and that elevated IL-27 levels inhibit viral replication.
Synthesis of tritium labelled sparsomycin (1989)

Abstract The synthesis is described of tritiated sparsomycin ( 5 ), a broad‐spectrum antitumor antibiotic, with high specific activity (31.4 Ci/mmol, 1.16 TBq/mmol). The radiolabel was introduced by reduction of the cysteine methyl ester 1 with lithium borotritide. 3 H NMR analysis of the final product showed the concomitant formation of the mono‐ and ditritiated compound in a ratio of 2:1.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Mechanistic Elucidation of the Antitumor Properties of Withaferin A in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 131KB, Supplemental Figure 1 Withaferin A inhibits cell viability of breast cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Semiconductor Gamma Radiation Detectors: Band Structure Effects in Energy Resolution (2010)

Energy spectroscopy in semiconductor γ-radiation detectors is based on registration of the total number of electron-hole (e-h) pairs produced by a single γ-photon after a cascade of various processes. The theoretical limit for the γ-detector energy resolution depends on the variance of the registered energy. The variance differs from the Poissonian statistics by the so-called Fano factor. Theoretical models used for Fano factor calculations have been based on widely varying assumptions, often ignoring the important details of the energy branching process. This chapter reviews some of the popular models used and discusses the most subtle aspect of energy branching, namely the pair correlations in the final-state energy distribution. It shows that these correlations need being taken into account and, moreover, that they can be used in the search for materials with a reduced Fano factor and hence improved intrinsic energy resolution. Controlled Vocabulary Terms gamma-ray detectors; semiconductor detectors
Varactor-Tuned Radial Power Divider with SIW Technology (2011)

Based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, a new type of varactor-tuned radial power divider has been developed with a single bias supply. The varactors are used as tuning elements and allow for a frequency agile behavior. In addition, bandwidth characteristics have been analysed with group-delay. It has been measured with a single bias supply ranging from 6V to 12V that the center frequency of the power divider can be adjusted from 6.6GHz to 7.2GHz (600MHz, 11.5%) while maintaining a low insertion loss (< 1dB) in the passband.