gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PMD-induced transmission penalties in polarization-multiplexed transmission (2005)

In this paper, we investigate for the first time chromatic dispersion and nonlinearity tolerances in the presence of polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) for polarization-multiplexed (POLMUX) 2 /spl times/ 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) transmission. In polarization-multiplexing, the interaction between fiber nonlinearity and PMD can lower the nonlinear tolerance beyond the tolerances evident when considering both transmission penalties separately; the combined penalties are significantly worse than in the case for non-POLMUX transmission. In this paper, we show, through simulations comparing POLMUX with non-POMUX transmission in the presence of nonlinearity, a reduction of about a factor of three in PMD tolerance. In addition, we show that the dispersion tolerance of POLMUX transmission is severely limited in the presence of PMD. For example, a 40-ps differential group delay (DGD) with worst case coupling of the polarization channels into the fiber lowers the dispersion tolerance, resulting in a 1-dB eye-opening penalty (EOP), from 1200 to 450 ps/nm. We conclude that the interaction between PMD, chromatic dispersion, and nonlinearity leads to the worst signal impairments in POLMUX transmission and increases the effort of using polarization-multiplexing as a modulation format.
Characterization of normal and malignant prostate tissue by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (2010)

Abstract Prostate cancer has become one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Morphological and histomorphological evaluation of this disease is a well established technique for the cancer classification and has remained relatively unchanged since several decades, although it remains a time consuming and subjective technique, with unsatisfactory levels of inter- and intra-observer discrepancy. Novel approaches for histological recognition are necessary to identify and to investigate cancer in detail. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has become an essential tool for the detection, identification and characterization of the molecular components of biological processes, such as those responsible for the dynamic properties of cancer progression. Major advantage of this new technique is the acquisition of local molecular expression profiles while maintaining the topographic integrity of the tissue and avoiding time-consuming extraction, purification and separation steps. By using this method it is possible to investigate the spatial distribution of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, cholesterols, nucleic acids, phospholipids and small molecules within biological systems by in situ analysis of tissue sections. We applied this technique on prostate cancer patients radical prostatectomy specimens in order to develop new tools for histomorphological analysis and the characterization of snap frozen prostate cancer tissues. As a first step, an optimization of sample preparation, tissue section thickness and IR slide material was performed. Special preparation methods for FTIR imaging are the essential requirements to maintain the spatial arrangement of compounds and avoid delocalization and degradation of the analytes. Subsequently, selected cancer samples were characterized with the prior optimized parameters and analyzed by univariate and cluster analysis. For the interpretation and calibration of the system we correlated the FTIR-images with the histopathological information. With this method it is possible to distinguish between cancer and noncancer areas within a prostate cancer tissue with a resolution of 6.25 μm × 6.25 μm on frozen sections.
Haloacetylated enol ethers: 4 [6]. Synthesis of 4‐trihalomethyl‐2‐methylthiopyrimidines (1995)

Abstract The synthesis of a series of 5‐ and 6‐substituted 4‐trihalomethyl‐2‐methylthiopyrimidines, prepared from the cyclocondensation reaction of β‐alkoxyvinyl tri[fluoro]chloromethyl ketones with 2‐methyl‐2‐thiopseudourea sulfate, are reported. A systematic study to find the best reaction conditions were carried out.
Substrate-Free Gas-Phase Synthesis of Graphene Sheets (2008)

We present a novel method for synthesizing graphene sheets in the gas phase using a substrate-free, atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma reactor. Graphene sheets were synthesized by passing liquid ethanol droplets into an argon plasma. The graphene sheets were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron diffraction. We prove that graphene can be created without three-dimensional materials or substrates and demonstrate a possible avenue to the large-scale synthesis of graphene.
유한세프라딘 캅셀(세프라딘 500 mg)에 대한 브로드세프 캅셀의 생물학적 동등성 (2002)

【Cephradine is a first generation cephalosporin and has broad spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, through inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cephradine is useful for treatment of infections of the urinary and respiratory tract, skin and soft tissues. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two cephradine capsules, Cefradine Yuhan (YuHan Corporation) and Broadcef (Ilsung Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The cephradine release from the two cephradine capsules in vitro was tested using KP VII Apparatus II method with various different kinds of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution and water). Twenty normal male volunteers, $23.10{\pm}2.90$ years in age and $67.69{\pm}8.04\;kg$ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After one capsule containing 500 mg as cephradine was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of cephradine in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two cephradine capsules were very similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AVC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AVC_t\;and\;C_{max}$ and untransformed $T_{max}$ . The results showed that the differences in $AVC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two capsules based on the Cefradine Yuhan were -2.87%, -0.96% and -4.85%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two capsules in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of 1og(0.8) to log(1.25) $(e.g.,\;log(0.93){\sim}log(1.02)\;and\;log(0.88){\sim}log(1.13)\;for \;AVC_t\;and\;C_{max},\;respectively)$ . The 90% confidence interval using untransformed data was within ${\pm}20%$ $(e.g., \;-17.54{\sim}7.78\;for\;T_{max})$ . All parameters met the criteria of KFDA guideline for bioequivalence, indicating that Broadcef capsule is bioequivalent to Cefradine Yuhan capsule.】
Isometric Stratified Ensembles: A Partial and Incremental Adaptive Applicability Domain and Consensus-Based Classification Strategy for Highly Imbalanced Data Sets with Application to Colloidal Aggregation (2022)

Partial and incremental stratification analysis of a quantitative structure-interference relationship (QSIR) is a novel strategy intended to categorize classification provided by machine learning techniques. It is based on a 2D mapping of classification statistics onto two categorical axes: the degree of consensus and level of applicability domain. An internal cross-validation set allows to determine the statistical performance of the ensemble at every 2D map stratum and hence to define isometric local performance regions with the aim of better hit ranking and selection. During training, isometric stratified ensembles (ISE) applies a recursive decorrelated variable selection and considers the cardinal ratio of classes to balance training sets and thus avoid bias due to possible class imbalance. To exemplify the interest of this strategy, three different highly imbalanced PubChem pairs of AmpC β-lactamase and cruzain inhibition assay campaigns of colloidal aggregators and complementary aggregators data set available at the <i>AGGREGATOR ADVISOR</i> predictor web page were employed. Statistics obtained using this new strategy show outperforming results compared to former published tools, with and without a classical applicability domain. ISE performance on classifying colloidal aggregators shows from a global AUC of 0.82, when the whole test data set is considered, up to a maximum AUC of 0.88, when its highest confidence isometric stratum is retained.
Synergistic Action of GA-Binding Protein and Glucocorticoid Receptor in Transcription from the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Promoter (2000)

B lymphocytes are among the first cells to be infected by mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), and they play a crucial role in its life cycle. To study transcriptional regulation of MMTV in B cells, we have analyzed two areas of the long terminal repeat (LTR) next to the glucocorticoid receptor binding site, fp1 (at position -139 to -146 from the cap site) and fp2 (at -157 to -164). Both showed B-cell-specific protection in DNase I in vitro footprinting assays and contain binding sites for Ets transcription factors, a large family of proteins involved in cell proliferation and differentiation and oncogenic transformation. In gel retardation assays, fp1 and fp2 bound the heterodimeric Ets factor GA-binding protein (GABP) present in B-cell nuclear extracts, which was identified by various criteria: formation of dimers and tetramers, sensitivity to pro-oxidant conditions, inhibition of binding by specific antisera, and comigration of complexes with those formed by recombinant GABP. Mutations which prevented complex formation in vitro abolished glucocorticoid-stimulated transcription from an MMTV LTR linked to a reporter gene in transiently transfected B-cell lines, whereas they did not affect the basal level. Exogenously expressed GABP resulted in an increased level of hormone response of the LTR reporter plasmid and produced a synergistic effect with the coexpressed glucocorticoid receptor, indicating cooperation between the two. This is the first example of GABP cooperation with a steroid receptor, providing the opportunity for studying the integration of their intracellular signaling pathways.
GEM scintillation readout with avalanche photodiodes (2007)

The use of the scintillation produced in the charge avalanches in GEM holes as signal amplification and readout is investigated for xenon. A VUV-sensitive avalanche photodiode has been used as photosensor. Detector gains of about 4 × 104 are achieved in scintillation readout mode, for GEM voltages of 490 V and for a photosensor gain of 150. Those gains are more than one order of magnitude larger than what is obtained using charge readout. In addition, the energy resolutions achieved with the scintillation readout are lower than those achieved with charge readout. The GEM scintillation yield in xenon was measured as a function of GEM voltage, presenting values that are about a half of those achieved for the charge yield, and reach about 730 photons per primary electron at GEM voltages of 490 V.
Clinical Significance of High-Molecular Weight Form of Adiponectin in Male Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (2008)

The author (N. Komura) apologizes for errors which appeared in the Table 1, page 25, Vol. 72. The numbers and proportion of hypertension or current smokers were 72 (55%), 61 (47%) in non-diabetic patients, and 39 (70%), 26 (46%) in diabetic patients, respectively. The corrected Table 1 is given below. (Circ J 2008; 72: 23 - 28)
A new kinetic determination of serum 5'-nucleotidase activity, with modifications for a centrifugal analyzer. (1980)

Journal Article A new kinetic determination of serum 5'-nucleotidase activity, with modifications for a centrifugal analyzer. Get access J F Dooley, J F Dooley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L Racich L Racich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 26, Issue 9, 1 August 1980, Pages 1291–1297, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/26.9.1291 Published: 01 August 1980
Effects of nitrogen addition on nitrogen mineralization and nutrient content of expanding Calamagrostis epigejos in the Podyjí National Park, Czech Republic (2008)

Abstract Effects of extra nitrogen (N) input on biomass production, the concentration of N and phosphorus (P) in plant material, and net N mineralization were studied during three growing seasons in a dry acidophilous grassland dominated by Festuca ovina and in a grassland where the tall grass Calamagrostis epigejos was aggressively expanding. In contrast to dry grassland, the Calamagrostis stand utilized more N due to higher plant and microbial demands for soil mineral N, which could prevent the N losses. Additional N supply resulted in the increased net N mineralization mainly in expanding Calamagrostis. There was no effect of N addition on biomass production of Calamagrostis , while a significant increase of total biomass was observed in Festuca in the dry grassland. This higher production was entirely accounted for by the increase in root dry weight. Concentrations of N in the aboveground biomass increased in both Calamagrostis and Festuca dry grassland as a result of N addition. However, P concentrations in Festuca were reduced, while being enhanced in Calamagrostis. The N : P ratio in aboveground biomass significantly increased in both vegetation types studied following N addition, although reaching higher values in dry grassland than in Calamagrostis. This species compensated enhanced N availability with a higher P uptake as compared to Festuca.
Ionic Motion in Polypyrrole−Cellulose Composites: Trap Release Mechanism during Potentiostatic Reduction (2009)

This work investigates the movement of anions during potentiostatic controlled reduction of novel composite materials consisting of high surface area cellulose substrates, extracted from the Cladophora sp. algae, coated with thin ( approximately 50 nm) layers of the intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP) polypyrrole. The coating was achieved by chemical polymerization of pyrrole on the cellulose fibers with iron(III) chloride and phosphomolybdic acid, respectively. The composites are in the form of paper sheets and can be directly immersed into an electrolyte solution for ion absorption/desorption. The motion of glutamate and aspartate anions during cathodic polarization was investigated as a function of preceding anodic polarization at various potentials. The composite was found to exhibit memory effect as the response to a cathodic polarization of constant magnitude produced different responses depending on the magnitude of the preceding anodic potential. After the application of a cathodic potential to the composite, the reduction current curvesgenerated by anions leaving the compositewere found to initially increase in magnitude followed by a monotonic decay. A similar response has not been described and analyzed for electrochemical reduction of anion containing ICP materials earlier. A theoretical model was developed to aid the analysis of the experimental data. The model accounts for both freely mobile anions and anions that may be temporarily trapped in a contracting PPy network during cathodic polarization. By fitting the recorded reduction current curves to this model, detailed information about the ionic movement in the composite could be obtained, which may be used to further optimize the materials properties of conducting polymer systems aimed for specific electrochemical ion exchange processes.
P-002 Automated and quantitative assessment of pial collateral recruitment on digital subtraction angiography during acute ischemic stroke (2017)

<h3>Introduction</h3> This work developed and evaluated an automated and quantitative assessment of pial arterial supply to an ischemic territory based on digital subtraction angiography during MCA or ICA occlusion. <h3>Methods</h3> Pretreatment anteroposterior arteriograms from patients who underwent conventional arteriography for endovascular treatment of m1 MCA or carotid terminus occlusions acquired at 6 frames a second were analyzed using a custom made MATLAB program. Five semiautomatically placed regions of interest (ROIs) fanning across the ischemic territory were placed within the affected hemisphere on each arteriogram (figure 1). Ten angiographic parameters were calculated which effectively represent indirect surrogates for transit time, cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume. Reproducibility was tested across varying frame rate and repeated arteriograms using Bland-Altman statistic. Each parameter in each ROI was then normalized to a normally perfused territory on the same angiogram to derive a value relative to normal tissue. The derived values across the ROIs were then used to derive an overall index of change in each parameter. using the exponential: <i>FNorm</i>(<i>r</i>) = <i>eβ</i>(<i>r−</i>1) where <i>r</i> is the ROI index, <i>β</i> is the parameter of exponential response for the particular feature <i>F</i>, and <i>FNorm</i> is the normalized parametric value. The exponential response parameter <i>β</i> is used to automatically determine a patient’s pial<i> index</i>. The index values were then compared to manually derived pial collateral scores. ANOVA analysis was used to assess performance of the features for the task of distinguishing patients with favorable pial collaterals. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 24 arteriograms in 14 patients were included. Features corresponding to CBV and CBF demonstrated favorable interclass correlation (for reproducibility) compared to features corresponding to transit time. There were statistically significant differences (p=0:00625) in all features between patients with poor and good collateral recruitment, however, the parameters demonstrating the greatest separation were those for arterial phase blood flow and arterial arrival time. In part this is related to artifacts intrinsic to projection two dimensional angiography. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have devised a computerized quantitative and automated feature-based method which can reproducibly assess pial collateral recruitment in acute ischemic stroke and found that it could distinguish patients with good pial collaterals. We believe that such a methodology will help reduce any potential subjectivity associated with current grading scales for pial collateral recruitment. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>G. Christoforidis:</b> 1; C; NIH R01-NS093908, AHA GRNT-20380798. <b>C. Haddad:</b> 1; C; AHA GRNT-20380798. <b>T. Carroll:</b> 1; C; NIH R01-NS093908, AHA GRNT-20380798. <b>M. Giger:</b> 1; C; AHA GRNT-20380798.
Typification of Dactylis ibizensis (Poaceae) and inference of the ploidy level of the type specimen (2021)

Abstract Dactylis ibizensis (Poaceae) is lectotypified based on a specimen at W. Anatomical and macromorphological data from karyologically verified individuals strongly support that the lectotype comprises exclusively diploid plants. This allows for preservation of the name in current use for the Balearic cocksfoot restricted to the islands of Formentera and Ibiza.
Disruption of the sialic acid/Siglec-9 axis improves antibody-mediated neutrophil cytotoxicity towards tumor cells (2023)

Upregulation of surface expressed sialoglycans on tumor cells is one of the mechanisms which promote tumor growth and progression. Specifically, the interactions of sialic acids with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) on lymphoid or myeloid cells transmit inhibitory signals and lead to suppression of anti-tumor responses. Here, we show that neutrophils express among others Siglec-9, and that EGFR and HER2 positive breast tumor cells express ligands for Siglec-9. Treatment of tumor cells with neuraminidases or a sialyl transferase inhibitor significantly reduced binding of a soluble recombinant Siglec-9-Fc fusion protein, while EGFR and HER2 expression remained unchanged. Importantly, the cytotoxic activity of neutrophils driven by therapeutic EGFR or HER2 antibodies <i>in vitro</i> was increased by blocking the sialic acid/Siglec interaction, either by reducing tumor cell sialylation or by a Siglec-9 blocking antibody containing an effector silenced Fc domain. <i>In vivo</i> a short-term xenograft mouse model confirmed the improved therapeutic efficacy of EGFR antibodies against sialic acid depleted, by a sialyltransferase inhibitor, tumor cells compared to untreated cells. Our studies demonstrate that sialic acid/Siglec interactions between tumor cells and myeloid cells can impair antibody dependent tumor cell killing, and that Siglec-9 on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) is critically involved. Considering that PMN are often a highly abundant cell population in the tumor microenvironment, Siglec-9 constitutes a promising target for myeloid checkpoint blockade to improve antibody-based tumor immunotherapy.
In vitro production of the general transformation antibody related to survival in human cancer patients: antimalignin antibody. (1988)

Human antimalignin antibody (AMA) appears to have clinical significance because in actuarial studies its concentration relates quantitatively to survival (Bogoch et al. Protides Biol Fluids 1984; 31:739-747). Therefore isolation, characterization, and production in vitro of AMA were undertaken. Serum AMA concentrations are elevated in cancer, regardless of cell type, as demonstrated by earlier blind studies of 1,026 (Bogoch et al. J. Med 1982; 13:49-69) and 501 (Bogoch and Bogoch. Protides Biol Fluids 1983; 30:337-352) and independently confirmed by others on 354 (Bogoch et al. Protides Biol Fluids 1984; 31: 739-747) cancer patients and controls. Mouse monoclonal AMA was produced earlier (Bogoch et al. Lancet 1981; 2:141-142). To validate the identity of the natural substrate AMA in the serum determination (AMAS test) and to prepare for human imaging and therapeutic trials, human AMA has now been produced in vitro from human lymphocytes and has been shown to be increased when primed with its specific 10,000-dalton peptide antigen malignin. This synthesized human AMA adsorbs specifically to its immobilized antigen in vitro and resembles in cancer cell staining and in other properties human AMA isolated from sera of cancer patients and mouse monoclonal AMA. All are predominantly IgM, as shown by reduction to heavy and light chains followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Development of new concept optical zero-sequence current/voltage transducers for distribution network (1991)

Optical zero-sequence current-voltage transducers for detecting faults in nongrounded distribution networks were developed. The detection part can be electrically isolated from the ground by use of the divide method, in which there is a stray capacitance between line and ground. Zero-sequence current and voltage produced by the imbalance of error tolerance among the three-phase sensors were reduced by residual signal reducer processing. By artificial ground default testing and aging testing, it was confirmed that the transducers performed sufficiently for application to distribution networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A. G. Miller & M. Morris 1988. Plants of Dhofar (The southern region of Oman; traditional, economic and medicinal uses). The office of the Adviser for Conservation of the Environment, Diwan of Royal Court, Sultanate of Oman. 361 pages. ISBN 07157-0808-2. Price: £35.00. (1990)

A. G. Miller &amp; M. Morris 1988. Plants of Dhofar (The southern region of Oman; traditional, economic and medicinal uses). The office of the Adviser for Conservation of the Environment, Diwan of Royal Court, Sultanate of Oman. 361 pages. ISBN 07157-0808-2. Price: £35.00. - Volume 6 Issue 1