gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Electrospun Polysuccinimide‐Dopamine Conjugates and Effect on Cell Viability and Uptake (2023)

Biocompatible nanofibrous systems made by electrospinning have been studied widely for pharmaceutical applications since they have a high specific surface and the capability to make the entrapped drug molecule amorphous, which increases bioavailability. By covalently conjugating drugs onto polymers, the degradation of the drug as well as the fast clearance from the circulation can be avoided. Although covalent polymer-drug conjugates have a lot of advantages, there is a lack of research focusing on their nano-formulation by electrospinning. In this study, polysuccinimide (PSI) based electrospun fibrous meshes conjugated with dopamine (DA) are prepared. Fiber diameter, mechanical properties, dissolution kinetics and membrane permeability are thoroughly investigated, as these are crucial for drug delivery and implantation. Dopamine release kinetics prove the prolonged release that influenced the viability and morphology of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and SH-SY5Y cells. The presence of dopamine receptors on both cell types is also demonstrated and the uptake of the conjugates is measured. According to flow cytometry analysis, the conjugates are internalized by both cell types, which is influenced by the chemical structure and physical properties. In conclusion, electrospinning of PSI-DA conjugates alters release kinetics, meanwhile, conjugated dopamine can play a key role in cellular uptake.
2E1-02 Hand-Guiding Movement for Decreasing Knee Joint Torques of the Elderly in Standing-up Motion Support : Towards Facilitating Self-Care Support with Mobile Manipulator (2006)

We propose a method for designing the hand-guiding movement that enables to lessen knee joint torques of the elderly in standing-up motion support. The movement was derived based on the geometric analysis of transitional postures during a standing-up motion for an assisted person expressed with four link models comprising of a shoulder, waist, knee and feet. The postures satisfying the derived movement in which the center of gravity goes in a place near the toe in the foot contact area allows the elderly to reduce knee joint torques during the standing-up motion even if the burden grows most. Simulations and experiments using an actual robot for evaluation indicating the derived trajectory successfully lessens knee joint torques of the elderly confirm the validity of the proposed method.
Efficiency optimization of high-power GaAs lasers by balancing confinement and threshold (2021)

Studies balancing modal gain (confinement) and facet reflectivity in high power 940 nm lasers using extreme-triple-asymmetric epitaxial designs enable > 70% efficiency at 12 W output and low temperature sensitivity. Insight into carrier losses that limit device performance are discussed.
S2ORC: The Semantic Scholar Open Research Corpus (2020)

We introduce S2ORC, 1 a large corpus of 81.1M English-language academic papers spanning many academic disciplines. The corpus consists of rich metadata, paper abstracts, resolved bibliographic references, as well as structured full text for 8.1M open access papers. Full text is annotated with automaticallydetected inline mentions of citations, figures, and tables, each linked to their corresponding paper objects. In S2ORC, we aggregate papers from hundreds of academic publishers and digital archives into a unified source, and create the largest publicly-available collection of machine-readable academic text to date. We hope this resource will facilitate research and development of tools and tasks for text mining over academic text.
Observation results of non-line-of sight 77.1 MHz FM radio waves on three different paths for three years (2011)

After the Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake in 1995, it was reported that the propagation anomalies of the non-line-of sight 77.1 MHz FM radio waves broadcasted from Sendai were detected. It was then hypothesized that the propagation anomalies were due to ionospheric or atmospheric disturbances. Since then, over-horizon FM radio waves have been observed to clarify the hypothesis at many electromagnetic (EM) observatories. Some of them were observed on one propagation path or in a period less than one year. Therefore, it is highly desired to deal with some more propagation paths and more data during several years. In this paper, we describe the observation method and results for the non-line-of-sight FM radio of 77.1 MHz broadcasted from Sendai to Nobeyama, Yokosuka, Hitachi EM observatories. The observation period was for 3 years from January 2006 to December 2008. From the observation results, it was found that the received levels had seasonal variations in their fluctuations. The fluctuation levels in summer season were larger than those in winter. Comparing the received levels of the 77.1 MHz and the aerological atmospheric refractivity, it was also clarified that the received level fluctuations were mainly affected by the change of the aerological atmospheric refractivity. The cross correlation factors among received levels observed at the 3 sites depended on the propagation profiles. There were high correlations more than 0.6 between the received levels at Yokosuka and Hitachi, while there were low correlations less than 0.4 between the received levels at Yokosuka and Nobeyama. It was concluded that the non-line-of-sight 77.1 MHz FM radio waves were characterized by terrestrial propagations with atmospheric refractivity variations.
Logistic Model Tree Extraction From Artificial Neural Networks (2007)

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are a powerful and widely used pattern recognition technique. However, they remain "black boxes" giving no explanation for the decisions they make. This paper presents a new algorithm for extracting a logistic model tree (LMT) from a neural network, which gives a symbolic representation of the knowledge hidden within the ANN. Landwehr's LMTs are based on standard decision trees, but the terminal nodes are replaced with logistic regression functions. This paper reports the results of an empirical evaluation that compares the new decision tree extraction algorithm with Quinlan's C4.5 and ExTree. The evaluation used 12 standard benchmark datasets from the University of California, Irvine machine-learning repository. The results of this evaluation demonstrate that the new algorithm produces decision trees that have higher accuracy and higher fidelity than decision trees created by both C4.5 and ExTree.
Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil from the herbaceous parts of Pelargonium graveolens L‘Hér. (geranium rose oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl) (2023)

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil obtained from the herbaceous parts of <i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> L'Hér. (geranium rose oil), when used as a sensory additive in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that the use of geranium rose oil is safe up to the maximum proposed use levels of 5 mg/kg complete feed for all animal species. The FEEDAP Panel considered that the use in water for drinking is safe provided that the total daily intake of the additive does not exceed the daily amount that is considered safe when consumed via feed. No concerns for consumers were identified following the use of geranium rose oil up to the maximum proposed use level in feed. The additive under assessment should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes, and as a skin and respiratory sensitiser. The use of geranium rose oil at the proposed use level in feed was not expected to pose a risk to the environment. Since <i>P. graveolens</i> and its preparations were recognised to flavour food and its function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.
Methods for the Screening of Amylase‐producing Mutants in Aspergillus niger (1978)

Three methods, which made use of amylose azure, a colorimetric reagent for α‐amylase. of screening for amylolytic activity of strains of Aspergillus niger are described. A high correlation of the corresponding values of amylolytic activity of the strains by these methods was obtained, suggesting that only one needs to be used for an indication of the amylolytic activity of the strains.
Ozone Microbubble Sparging to Remediate MTBE (2002)

"Ozone Microbubble Sparging to Remediate MTBE." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 11(3), p. 449
Proton Therapy for Unresectable and Medically Inoperable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Results From a Multi-Institutional Prospective Registry (2023)

Proton beam RT for LAPC offered excellent tolerability while still maintaining disease control and survival rates comparable with dose-escalated photon-based RT. These findings are consistent with the known physical and dosimetric advantages offered by proton therapy, but the conclusions are limited owing to the patient sample size. Further clinical studies incorporating dose-escalated PBT are warranted to evaluate whether these dosimetric advantages translate into clinically meaningful benefits.
Bacteriophage T4 late transcription from plasmid templates is enhanced by negative supercoiling (1988)

Concurrent viral replication is normally required to activate bacteriophage T4 late promoters; replication is thought to provide a template structure which is competent for late transcription. Transcription from plasmid-borne T4 late promoters, however, is independent of replication in vivo and in vitro. In this work, we have shown that, when the late gene 23 promoter is located on a plasmid, its utilization in vivo depends upon the ability of host DNA gyrase to maintain some degree of negative superhelicity. This suggests that an alternative pathway exists for activation of late promoters: DNA which is under sufficient negative torsional stress is already competent for late transcription. We also describe a method for isolating ternary complexes of plasmid DNA, RNA polymerase, and nascent RNA which have initiated transcription in vivo. The topoisomer distribution of such ternary complexes prepared from T4-infected cells showed that, late in infection, transcriptional activity resides primarily in the subset of the plasmid population with the most negatively supercoiled topoisomers. However, the overall transcriptional pattern in these ternary complexes indicated that both vector and T4 sequences are actively transcribed. Much of this transcriptional activity could be independent of gp55, the T4-specific RNA polymerase-binding protein that confers late promoter recognition.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON SOME REACTIONS OF MELAMINE AND CARBAMATES (1976)

Abstract Aus Harnstoff (I) und entsprechenden Alkoholen (II) werden die Carbamate (III) dargestellt, die mit Formaldehyd die Derivate (IV) liefern.
In vitro activities of combinations of amphotericin B, posaconazole and four other agents against Rhizopus (2008)

Sir, Zygomycosis is a severe, life-threatening fungal infection that occurs mainly in patients with diabetes mellitus, or with haematological malignancies, after organ transplantation, in conditions of iron overload or those treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Rhizopus oryzae, followed by Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis, are the most frequently involved organisms, accounting for � 75% of all cases. Amphotericin B is the drug of choice for the treatment of zygomycosis, but overall mortality rate is high. Recently, posaconazole has shown to be active as salvage therapy for disseminated zygomycosis, 1 but few studies still exist and the search of novel therapeutic strategies is still necessary. Combination of antifungal agents with different active mechanisms could be an interesting therapeutic option for improving clinical outcomes. Few data exist on the in vitro effect of combinations of antifungal drugs against zygomycetes. Only associations of amphotericin B with flucytosine and of terbinafine with either amphotericin B or triazoles have been evaluated. 2,3 The interaction between amphotericin B and azoles against zygomycetes has not been investigated. There is recent evidence for synergistic interaction between the echinocandin drug caspofungin and amphotericin B lipid complex in a murine model of disseminated R. oryzae infection. 4 However, in vitro studies on interactions of echinocandins with other antifungals against Rhizopus spp. have not been performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro interaction of amphotericin B and micafungin, a recently developed echinocandin, and of each with posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole or ravuconazole against Rhizopus. Nineteen clinical isolates were tested, comprising 9 isolates of R. oryzae and 10 of R. microsporus var. rhizopodiformis .T he isolates were grown on potato dextrose agar plates and incubated at 308C for 4‐7 days. Inocula were prepared following the CLSI (formerly NCCLS) M38-A document. The spore suspensions were adjusted to a final concentration of 4 � 10 3 ‐5 � 10 4 cfu/mL with a haemocytometer. Candida krusei ATCC 6258 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were included as quality controls.
Non‐polymeric thin wires by drawing materials near room temperature (2020)

Abstract Herein, non‐polymeric thin cross‐sectional wires were fabricated by injecting materials into elastomeric hollow fibers with subsequent drawing. Once materials were injected into hollow elastic fibers, cores were drawn as fibers elongated. Solidifying the core and removing polymeric shell could form free‐standing wires with thin cross‐sections. In this work, two different thin wires, metallic wires (gallium), and SiCN ceramic wires, were fabricated. Although mechanical and physical properties of these wires completely differed, fabrication approaches were identical by drawing materials near room temperature. Solidified wires enhanced mechanical properties of fibers. Thus, fibers could store elastic energy and preserve deformed complex shapes with the assist of solidified cores. Although the wires with thin cross sections are inherently brittle, the relatively low melting point of gallium (29.8°C) allows it to heal easily upon body heating.
Improved Ribosome-Footprint and mRNA Measurements Provide Insights into Dynamics and Regulation of Yeast Translation (2016)

Ribosome-footprint profiling provides genome-wide snapshots of translation, but technical challenges can confound its analysis. Here, we use improved methods to obtain ribosome-footprint profiles and mRNA abundances that more faithfully reflect gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results support proposals that both the beginning of coding regions and codons matching rare tRNAs are more slowly translated. They also indicate that emergent polypeptides with as few as three basic residues within a ten-residue window tend to slow translation. With the improved mRNA measurements, the variation attributable to translational control in exponentially growing yeast was less than previously reported, and most of this variation could be predicted with a simple model that considered mRNA abundance, upstream open reading frames, cap-proximal structure and nucleotide composition, and lengths of the coding and 5' UTRs. Collectively, our results provide a framework for executing and interpreting ribosome-profiling studies and reveal key features of translational control in yeast.
Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT, PIASy Regulates α-Smooth Muscle Actin Expression by Interacting with E12 in Mesangial Cells (2012)

Phenotypic transformation of mesangial cells (MCs) is implicated in the development of glomerular disease; however, the mechanisms underlying their altered genetic program is still unclear. α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is known to be a crucial marker for phenotypic transformation of MCs. Recently, E-boxes and the class I basic helix-loop-helix proteins, such as E12 have been shown to regulateα-SMA expression. Therefore, we tried to identify a novel E12 binding protein in MCs and to examine its role in glomerulonephritis. We found that PIASy, one of the protein inhibitors of activated STAT family protein, interacted with E12 by yeast two-hybrid screens and coimmunopreciptation assays. Overexpression of E12 significantly enhanced theα-SMA promoter activity, and the increase was blocked by co-transfection of PIASy, but not by a PIASy RING mutant. In vivo sumoylation assays revealed that PIASy was a SUMO E3 ligase for E12. Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) treatment induced expression of both PIASy and E12, consistent with α-SMA expression. Moreover, reduced expression of PIASy protein by siRNA specific for PIASy resulted in increased TGF-β-mediated α-SMA expression. In vivo, PIASy and E12 were dramatically upregulated along with α-SMA and TGF-β in the proliferative phase of Thy1 glomerulonephritis. Furthermore, an association between PIASy and E12 proteins was observed at day 6 by IP-western blotting, but not at day 0. These results suggest that TGF-β up-regulates PIASy expression in MCs to down-regulateα-SMA gene transcription by the interaction with E12.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Carbene S—H Insertion Catalyzed by Engineered Myoglobin‐Based Catalysts. (2015)

Abstract Engineered variants of sperm whale myoglobin are found to efficiently catalyze C—S bond forming transformation across a diverse set of aryl and alkyl mercaptan substrates and α‐diazoester carbene donors, providing high conversions (60—99%) and catalytic turnover numbers.
A Composite Hydrogel with High Mechanical Strength, Fluorescence, and Degradable Behavior for Bone Tissue Engineering (2019)

In this work, to obtain a novel composite hydrogel with high mechanical strength, fluorescence and degradable behavior for bone tissue engineering, we prepare a nanofiller and double-network (DN) structure co-enhanced carbon dots/hydroxyapatite/poly (vinyl alcohol) (CDs/HA/PVA) DN hydrogel. The composite hydrogels are fabricated by a combination of two fabrication techniques including chemical copolymerization and freezing‒thawing cycles, and further characterized by FTIR, XRD, etc. Additional investigations focus on the mechanical properties of the hydrogel with varying mass ratios of CDs to PVA, HA to PVA and different numbers of freezing/thawing cycles. The results show that the as-prepared CDs<sub>3.0</sub>/HA<sub>0.6</sub>/PVA DN<sub>9</sub> hydrogel has optimized compression properties (Compression strength = 3.462 MPa, Young's modulus = 4.5 kPa). This is mainly caused by the synergism effect of the nanofiller and chemical and physical co-crosslinking. The water content and swelling ratio of the CDs/HA/PVA SN and DN gels are also systematically investigated to reveal the relationship of their microstructural features and mechanical behavior. In addition, in vitro degradation tests of the CDs/HA/PVA DN hydrogel show that the DN hydrogels have a prominent degradable behavior. So, they have potential to be used as high-strength, self-tracing bone substitutes in the biomedical engineering field.
Woven Fabric-Based Electrical Circuits (2004)

In recent years, a new area of research has emerged on textile-based electronics, called "electrotextiles." Most of the ongoing research in electrotextiles is driven by the motiva tion of creating multifunctional fiber assemblies that can sense, actuate, communicate, compute, etc. This paper discusses the development of fabric-based electrical circuits by interlacing conducting and nonconducting threads 2 into woven textile structures. Wired interconnections of different devices attached to the conducting elements of these circuits are made by arranging and weaving conductive threads so that they follow desired electrical circuit designs. In a woven electrically conductive network, routing of electrical signals is achieved by the formation of effective electrical interconnects and disconnects. Resistance welding is identified as one of the most effective means of producing crossover point interconnects and disconnects. Interconnects are evaluated by measuring the DC resistance associated with the crossover points of conducting threads.
Optical imaging of the chorioretinal vasculature in the living human eye (2013)

Detailed visualization of microvascular changes in the human retina is clinically limited by the capabilities of angiography imaging, a 2D fundus photograph that requires an intravenous injection of fluorescent dye. Whereas current angiography methods enable visualization of some retinal capillary detail, they do not adequately reveal the choriocapillaris or other microvascular features beneath the retina. We have developed a noninvasive microvascular imaging technique called phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT), which identifies vasculature three dimensionally through analysis of data acquired with OCT systems. The pvOCT imaging method is not only capable of generating capillary perfusion maps for the retina, but it can also use the 3D capabilities to segment the data in depth to isolate vasculature in different layers of the retina and choroid. This paper demonstrates some of the capabilities of pvOCT imaging of the anterior layers of choroidal vasculature of a healthy normal eye as well as of eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration. The pvOCT data presented permit digital segmentation to produce 2D depth-resolved images of the retinal vasculature, the choriocapillaris, and the vessels in Sattler's and Haller's layers. Comparisons are presented between en face projections of pvOCT data within the superficial choroid and clinical angiography images for regions of GA. Abnormalities and vascular dropout observed within the choriocapillaris for pvOCT are compared with regional GA progression. The capability of pvOCT imaging of the microvasculature of the choriocapillaris and the anterior choroidal vasculature has the potential to become a unique tool to evaluate therapies and understand the underlying mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration progression.
Synthesis of 7.alpha.-methoxycephalosporins (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 7.alpha.-methoxycephalosporinsH. E. Applegate, J. E. Dolfini, M. S. Puar, W. A. Slusarchyk, B. Toeplitz, and J. Z. GougoutasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 18, 2794–2796Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00932a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00932a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts