gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Density and other thermodynamic properties of the binary systems of tetrahydrofuran + ethenyl ethanoate, methacrylic acid, butyl methacrylate, and allyl methacrylate at 298.15 K (2005)

Densities of the binary systems of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with ethenyl ethanoate (vinyl acetate), methacrylic acid, butyl methacrylate, and allyl methacrylate have been measured as a function of the composition, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess volumes were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are negative for the three binaries methacrylic acid + tetrahydrofuran, butyl methacrylate + tetrahydrofuran, and allyl methacrylate + tetrahydrofuran, and become smaller as the solute becomes more branched or longer. Methacrylic acid exhibits substantially larger negative excess volumes probably due to hydrogen bonding with the solvent. The system tetrahydrofuran + vinyl acetate presents near ideal behavior.
Sur la génération de micro-ondes ultra-pures et de pulses optiques à gigue ultra-faible en utilisant les oscillateurs optoélectroniques (2010)

International audience
Resonant Scanner Linearization Techniques (1985)

This paper is an overview of electro-optical methods for generating a sequence of pixel clocks related to the angular rotation of a scanner excited in a sinusoidal motion. The emphasis is on the methods of synchronizing the clock generator to the scanner motion and on the trade-offs between scanner frequency, pixel placement accuracy, and the total system resolution. The methods are suitable for data input and output applications. Both digital and analog implementations of a clock generator are explored, and the drift and stability issues examined. Scan field distortion correction capabilities are also detailed.
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Blanket TiSi2 on Oxide Patterned Wafers: II . Silicide Properties (1992)

A cold‐wall plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system has been used to investigate the effects of deposition variables on the properties of titanium disilicide deposited on oxide patterned wafers. The as‐deposited films have low resistivities in the range of 14 to 25 μΩ cm as a function of temperature and flow rate ratios, and show the preferred orientation of the C‐54 phase. The surface of the silicide film on is smooth, while that of the film on silicon is rough. The surface roughness of the silicide on silicon is affected mainly by gas flow rate ratios. Cross‐section transmission electron microscopy of the films annealed at 950°C for 30 min in a nitrogen ambient shows the stable silicide underneath an amorphous layer. This suggests that as‐deposited silicide films on can withstand a high temperature process, and have good adhesion on . Finally, as an application of this PECVD as gate electrode material, the polycide structure was realized. The low resistivity (17 to 19 μΩ cm) silicide film deposited on polysilicon reveals a good interface between silicide and polysilicon, and a smooth surface.
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based True-Time-Delay Beamformer for Multiple RF Beam Transmission and Reception of an X-Band Phased-Array Antenna (2008)

We report multiple beam transmission and reception of an X-band phased antenna array utilizing highly dispersive photonic crystal fiber (PCF), which has a dispersion value of - 600 ps/nm/km at 1550 nm, as true-time-delay (TTD) elements. In the transmission mode, two RF signals with frequencies 8.4 and 12 GHz are simultaneously steered at angles 7.4 and 21.2 degrees, respectively. In the receiving mode experiment, two RF signals with frequencies 8.4 and 12 GHz impinging upon an X-band antenna array from angles -7.4 and -21.2 degrees, respectively, are detected and the angles of arrival are determined accurately. Many RF beams can be simultaneously transmitted or received. The demonstration is only limited by the hardware availability and the bandwidth of the wavelength differentiation capability of the system.
Racematspaltung des Glycyl‐DL‐alanin‐und Glycyl‐DL‐valin‐äthylesters (1958)

Abstract Durch fraktionierte Kristallisation der Dipeptidäthylester‐dibenzolyl‐ D ‐hydrogentartrate aus Äthanol gelingt es, über die diastereomeren Salze die optisch rein darzustellen. Die gewonnenen Ester und ihre Hydrochloride können zu den Peptiden verseift oder direkt zur Synthese höherer optisch aktiver Peptide eingesetzt werden.
Treatment of ulcers with ablative fractional lasers (2015)

Chronic, nonhealing ulcers are a frustrating therapeutic challenge and investigation of innovative therapies continues to be an important research pursuit. One unique and newly applied intervention is the use of ablative fractional lasers. This technology has recently been employed for the treatment of hypertrophic, disfiguring and function-limiting scars, and was first shown to induce healing of chronic wounds in patients with persistent ulcers and erosions within traumatic scars. Recent reports suggest it may be applicable for other types of chronic wounds as well. The mechanism of action for this modality remains to be elucidated but possible factors include laser-induced collagen remodeling, photomicrodebridement and disruption of biofilms, and induction of a proper wound healing cascade.
Data from Somatic and Germline Genomic Alterations in Very Young Women with Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Young age at breast cancer diagnosis correlates with unfavorable clinicopathologic features and worse outcomes compared with older women. Understanding biological differences between breast tumors in young versus older women may lead to better therapeutic approaches for younger patients.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We identified 100 patients ≤35 years old at nonmetastatic breast cancer diagnosis who participated in the prospective Young Women's Breast Cancer Study cohort. Tumors were assigned a surrogate intrinsic subtype based on receptor status and grade. Whole-exome sequencing of tumor and germline samples was performed. Genomic alterations were compared with older women (≥45 years old) in The Cancer Genome Atlas, according to intrinsic subtype.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Ninety-three tumors from 92 patients were successfully sequenced. Median age was 32.5 years; 52.7% of tumors were hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative, 28.0% HER2-positive, and 16.1% triple-negative. Comparison of young to older women (median age 61 years) with luminal A tumors (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 28 young women) revealed three significant differences: &lt;i&gt;PIK3CA&lt;/i&gt; alterations were more common in older patients, whereas &lt;i&gt;GATA3&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ARID1A&lt;/i&gt; alterations were more common in young patients. No significant genomic differences were found comparing age groups in other intrinsic subtypes. Twenty-two patients (23.9%) in the Young Women's Study cohort carried a pathogenic germline variant, most commonly (13 patients, 14.1%) in &lt;i&gt;BRCA1/2.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Somatic alterations in three genes (&lt;i&gt;PIK3CA, GATA3&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;ARID1A&lt;/i&gt;) occur at different frequencies in young versus older women with luminal A breast cancer. Additional investigation of these genes and associated pathways could delineate biological susceptibilities and improve treatment options for young patients with breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Yehia and Eng, p. 2209&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Robust Intelligent Self-Tuning Active Force Control of a Quadrotor With Improved Body Jerk Performance (2020)

This work presents an innovative hybrid control scheme for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model to improve the disturbances rejection capability and body jerk performance by utilizing an active force control (AFC)-based robust intelligent control system via a simulation study. The proposed intelligent control approach incorporates a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and an intelligent active force control (IAFC) element yielding a robust PID-IAFC scheme. A detailed mathematical model of a quadrotor system with six degrees of freedom (DOFs) was first derived using the Newton-Euler method taking into consideration the gyroscopic terms, disturbances, aerodynamics, and friction effects. In the derived model, the PID controller was first designed to stabilize the quadrotor model and achieve the required altitude and attitude motions. In addition, different types of external disturbances in the form of sinusoidal waves and repeated impulses (pulsating) were added. An AFC strategy, known as PID-AFC, was designed and incorporated into the PID controller, and was initially tuned heuristically. Then, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based method employing an iterative learning (IL) algorithm was designed and implemented into the AFC (ILAFC) to estimate the control parameters automatically while on-line. Thereafter, the performance of the ILAFC was compared to the AFC with fuzzy logic (FL) which became known as FLAFC. Also, a self-tuning (ST) PID controller was designed and employed based on the FL method to automatically tune the PID gains based on the prescribed operating and loading conditions. Moreover, a comparative study of the system performance was carried out utilizing the PID, PID-AFC, ILAFC, FLAFC, and ST-FPID-AFC schemes to analyze the system characteristics. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the AFC-based intelligent controller was investigated in connection with the body jerk performance in the presence of external disturbances. The simulated results reveal the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control strategy based on the IAFC technique in improving the disturbance rejection capability and body jerk performance by 17% in the presence of uncertainties and external disturbances.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Synthetic GPI as a candidate anti-toxic vaccine in a model of malaria. (2003)

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum infects 5-10% of the world's population and kills two million people annually. Fatalities are thought to result in part from pathological reactions initiated by a malarial toxin. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) originating from the parasite has the properties predicted of a toxin; however, a requirement for toxins in general and GPI in particular in malarial pathogenesis and fatality remains unproven. As anti-toxic vaccines can be highly effective public health tools, we sought to determine whether anti-GPI vaccination could prevent pathology and fatalities in the Plasmodium berghei/rodent model of severe malaria. The P. falciparum GPI glycan of the sequence NH(2)-CH(2)-CH(2)-PO(4)-(Man alpha 1-2)6Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-6Man alpha 1-4GlcNH(2)alpha 1-6myo-inositol-1,2-cyclic-phosphate was chemically synthesized, conjugated to carriers, and used to immunize mice. Recipients were substantially protected against malarial acidosis, pulmonary oedema, cerebral syndrome and fatality. Anti-GPI antibodies neutralized pro-inflammatory activity by P. falciparum in vitro. Thus, we show that GPI is a significant pro-inflammatory endotoxin of parasitic origin, and that several disease parameters in malarious mice are toxin-dependent. GPI may contribute to pathogenesis and fatalities in humans. Synthetic GPI is therefore a prototype carbohydrate anti-toxic vaccine against malaria. PMID: 12181569
Limits on the security of coin flips when half the processors are faulty (1986)

Protocols which allow an asynchronous network of processors to agree on a r andom (unbiased) bit are proposed in [1] and [4]. It is claimed tha t (assuming a t rapdoor funct ion exists), if less than half of the processors are faulty then the correct processors will still agree on a bit whose bias is negligibly small (when the running t ime of the processors is poly(n) the bias is smaller than O(~r) for all k). If half the processors are faulty then these protocols are no longer effective: the bits ou tpu t by the correct processors may be heavily biased. We prove tha t the above protocols are opt imal in the sense tha t no protocol exists which tolerates faults in at least half of the processors. The result is very general because few restr ict ions are made on the types of communicat ion allowed between correct processors (such as pr ivate channels and global channels) and the correct processors only need to agree on a bit in a weak probabil ist ic sense. Also, the faulty processors do not require very much power. They can privately communicate wi th each other but they cannot read messages which are exchanged pr ivately between two correct processors. An interest ing instance of the problem arises when the number of processors is fixed at two and one of t hem
Establishment of Patterned Thalamocortical Connections Does Not Require Nitric Oxide Synthase (1998)

Subplate neurons are early-generated neurons that project into the overlying neocortex and are required for the formation of ocular dominance columns. A subset of subplate neurons express nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and produce nitric oxide (NO), a neuronal messenger thought to be involved in adult hippocampal synaptic plasticity and also in the establishment of certain specific connections during visual system development. Here, we examine whether the NOS-containing subplate neurons are involved in ocular dominance column formation in the ferret visual system. Ocular dominance columns form in ferrets between postnatal day 35 (P35) and P60. NOS expression in the visual subplate is low at birth, increases to a maximum at the onset of ocular dominance column formation, and falls thereafter. Nevertheless, blockade of NOS with daily injections of nitroarginine from P14 to P56 fails to prevent the formation of ocular dominance columns, although NOS activity is reduced by >98%. To test further a requirement for NOS in the patterning of connections during CNS development, we examined the cortical barrels in the somatosensory system of mice carrying targeted disruptions of NOS that also received injections of nitroarginine; cortical barrels formed normally in these animals. In addition, barrel field plasticity induced by whisker ablation at birth was normal in nitroarginine-injected NOS knock-out mice. Thus, despite the dynamic regulation of NOS in subplate neurons, NO is unlikely to be essential for the patterning of thalamocortical connections either in visual or somatosensory systems.
DYRK1A regulates Hap1–Dcaf7/WDR68 binding with implication for delayed growth in Down syndrome (2017)

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (Hap1) is known to be critical for postnatal hypothalamic function and growth. Hap1 forms stigmoid bodies (SBs), unique neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions of unknown function that are enriched in hypothalamic neurons. Here we developed a simple strategy to isolate the SB-enriched fraction from mouse brain. By analyzing Hap1 immunoprecipitants from this fraction, we identified a Hap1-interacting SB component, DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7 (Dcaf7)/WD40 repeat 68 (WDR68), whose protein level and nuclear translocation are regulated by Hap1. Moreover, we found that Hap1 bound Dcaf7 competitively in cytoplasm with dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), a protein implicated in Down syndrome (DS). Depleting Hap1 promoted the DYRK1A-Dcaf7 interaction and increased the DYRK1A protein level. Transgenic DS mice overexpressing DYRK1A showed reduced Hap1-Dcaf7 association in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, the overexpression of DYRK1A in the hypothalamus led to delayed growth in postnatal mice, suggesting that DYRK1A regulates the Hap1-Dcaf7 interaction and postnatal growth and that targeting Hap1 or Dcaf7 could ameliorate growth retardation in DS.
Optimization of the Address Field Compilation in the ILLIAC 2 Assembler (1964)

This paper describes how the assembly program, now being written for the new University of Illinois digital computer ILLIAC 2, optimizes the computation and compilation of the address field. The compilation is necessary because the address field may contain general expressions which involve the contents of modifiers (index registers) and are therefore only computable at execution time rather than at assembly time. The optimization is advisable because some computation can be done at assembly time; the remainder must .be done at execution time, but may be done in either of the two arithmetic units available in ILLIAC 2.
A WD Repeat Protein Controls the Cell Cycle and Differentiation by Negatively Regulating Cdc2/B-Type Cyclin Complexes (1997)

In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, p34(cdc2) plays a central role controlling the cell cycle. We recently isolated a new gene named srw1(+), capable of encoding a WD repeat protein, as a multicopy suppressor of hyperactivated p34(cdc2). Cells lacking srw1(+) are sterile and defective in cell cycle controls. When starved for nitrogen source, they fail to effectively arrest in G1 and die of accelerated mitotic catastrophe if regulation of p34(cdc2)/Cdc13 by inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation is compromised by partial inactivation of Wee1 kinase. Fertility is restored to the disruptant by deletion of Cig2 B-type cyclin or slight inactivation of p34(cdc2). srw1(+) shares functional similarity with rum1(+), having abilities to induce endoreplication and restore fertility to rum1 disruptants. In the srw1 disruptant, Cdc13 fails to be degraded when cells are starved for nitrogen. We conclude that Srw1 controls differentiation and cell cycling at least by negatively regulating Cig2- and Cdc13-associated p34(cdc2) and that one of its roles is to down-regulate the level of the mitotic cyclin particularly in nitrogen-poor environments.
Conjugation of ferulic acid onto pectin affected the physicochemical, functional and antioxidant properties (2020)

This study provided a promising strategy for the functionalization of pectin, and the prepared FA-grafted pectin conjugates could be explored as functional ingredients that showed potential for applications in food and agriculture systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
tpr-met Oncogene Product Induces Maturation-Producing Factor Activation in Xenopus Oocytes (1991)

tpr-met, a tyrosine kinase oncogene, is the activated form of the met proto-oncogene that encodes the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. The tpr-met product (p65tpr-met) was tested for its ability to induce meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes. While src and abl tyrosine kinase oncogene products have previously been shown to be inactive in this assay, p65tpr-met efficiently induced maturation-promoting factor (MPF) activation and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) together with the associated increase in ribosomal S6 subunit phosphorylation. tpr-met-mediated MPF activation and GVBD was dependent on the endogenous c-mosxe, while the increase in S6 protein phosphorylation was not significantly affected by the loss of mos function. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine inhibits tpr-met-mediated GVBD at concentrations that prevent insulin- but not progesterone-induced oocyte maturation. Moreover, maturation triggered by tpr-met is also inhibited by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. This is the first demonstration that a tyrosine kinase oncogene product, p65tpr-met, can induce meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes and activate MPF through a mos-dependent pathway, possibly the insulin or insulinlike growth factor 1 pathway.
Deep‐branching Novel Lineages and High Diversity of Haptophytes in the Skagerrak (Norway) Uncovered by 454 Pyrosequencing (2014)

Microalgae in the division Haptophyta may be difficult to identify to species by microscopy because they are small and fragile. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to explore the diversity of haptophytes in outer Oslofjorden, Skagerrak, and supplemented this with electron microscopy. Nano- and picoplanktonic subsurface samples were collected monthly for 2 yr, and the haptophytes were targeted by amplification of RNA/cDNA with Haptophyta-specific 18S ribosomal DNA V4 primers. Pyrosequencing revealed higher species richness of haptophytes than previously observed in the Skagerrak by microscopy. From ca. 400,000 reads we obtained 156 haptophyte operational taxonomic units (OTUs) after rigorous filtering and 99.5% clustering. The majority (84%) of the OTUs matched environmental sequences not linked to a morphological species, most of which were affiliated with the order Prymnesiales. Phylogenetic analyses including Oslofjorden OTUs and available cultured and environmental haptophyte sequences showed that several of the OTUs matched sequences forming deep-branching lineages, potentially representing novel haptophyte classes. Pyrosequencing also retrieved cultured species not previously reported by microscopy in the Skagerrak. Electron microscopy revealed species not yet genetically characterised and some potentially novel taxa. This study contributes to linking genotype to phenotype within this ubiquitous and ecologically important protist group, and reveals great, unknown diversity.
Mechanistic Variations in Ionic Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Phosphine and Amine Boranes (2012)

Internal hydride transfer occurs when tethered carbocations are generated from unsaturated phosphine or phosphinite boranes. 3-Methylenecyclohexyl-derived boranes 12 or 18 react with MsOH to give ionic hydrogenation products with high syn-selectivity. With unsaturated amine boranes, initial hydrogen evolution gives BH(2)(OMs) complexes, but IH occurs using excess MsOH in a slower second stage. A diastereoselective reaction occurs from 26b using camphorsulfonic acid (first stage) and MsOH (second stage), affording 33 (68% ee) after hydrolysis.
Characterization of a Coherent-Perfect-Absorption-based DPSK Demodulator for Si Photonics (2017)

We characterize a novel DPSK demodulator for Si photonics using coherent perfect absorption in ring resonator. The fabricated devices are matched with design parameters by measuring transmission spectra in the C-band of telecommunication wavelength.
Bolus tracking with nanofilter-based multispectral videography for capturing microvasculature hemodynamics (2014)

Multispectral imaging is a highly desirable modality for material-based analysis in diverse areas such as food production and processing, satellite-based reconnaissance, and biomedical imaging. Here, we present nanofilter-based multispectral videography (nMSV) in the 700 to 950 nm range made possible by the tunable extraordinary-optical-transmission properties of 3D metallic nanostructures. Measurements made with nMSV during a bolus injection of an intravascular tracer in the ear of a piglet resulted in spectral videos of the microvasculature. Analysis of the multispectral videos generated contrast measurements representative of arterial pulsation, the distribution of microvascular transit times, as well as a separation of the venous and arterial signals arising from within the tissue. Therefore, nMSV is capable of acquiring serial multispectral images relevant to tissue hemodynamics, which may have application to the detection and identification of skin cancer.