gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parison Dimension Prediction in Extrusion Blow Molding Using Neural Network Approach: A New Strategy (2007)

As the plastics extrusion blow molded parts are getting more and more complex, it is necessary to optimize the parison dimension distribution. Predicting the parison dimension distribution is useful to optimize the thickness distribution and property of the final part. The dependency between parison dimensions and materials characteristics, processing conditions, and die geometry is a highly nonlinear and fully coupled one. In this work, diameter and thickness swells of the high-density polyethylene parison extruded under different flow rates were obtained by a well-designed experiment. The obtained data were then used to train and test the artificial neural network (ANN) model. Trained and tested ANN model can be used to predict the dimensions at any location on the parison within a given range.
Structure, Water Uptake, and Electrical Conductivity of TiP 2 O 7 (2011)

We report here on the structure of TiP 2 O 7 and electrical properties of nominally acceptor (Sc, Fe)‐doped TiP 2 O 7 synthesized by an aqueous phosphoric acid route. Structural characterization, including studies of the high‐temperature phase transition in TiP 2 O 7 , was carried out by powder X‐ray and neutron diffraction. Ceramic disks were sintered by the spark plasma technique and their conductivities were characterized as a function of p (O 2 ) and p (H 2 O) in the temperature range of 500°–1000°C by means of AC constant frequency measurements and impedance spectroscopy. As reported earlier, the acceptor doping appears not to influence the defect structure of TiP 2 O 7 significantly. Effects of H + /D + isotope shift were utilized to identify proton conduction. The conductivity was independent of p (O 2 ) at 500°–900°C under oxidizing conditions suggesting predominantly protonic conduction at these temperatures. Under reducing atmosphere n ‐type conductivity contributed to the total conductivity at the higher temperatures. p (H 2 O) dependencies of the conductivities are interpreted in terms of a defect‐chemical model involving protons and oxygen interstitials as the dominating defects. The uptake of water was studied by thermogravimetry at high p (H 2 O) and the thermodynamics of the hydration reaction was derived. Finally, parameters for the mobility of protons were extracted by combining the conductivity and thermogravimetry data.
Color lines: image specific color representation. (2004)

The problem of deciding whether two pixels in an image have the same real world color is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Many color spaces are used in different applications for discriminating color from intensity to create an informative representation of color. The major drawback of all of these representations is that they assume no color distortion. In practice the colors of real world images are distorted both in the scene itself and in the image capturing process. In this work we introduce color lines, an image specific color representation that is robust to color distortion and provides a compact and useful representation of the colors in a scene.
Federated Learning with Matched Averaging (2020)

Federated learning allows edge devices to collaboratively learn a shared model while keeping the training data on device, decoupling the ability to do model training from the need to store the data in the cloud. We propose Federated matched averaging (FedMA) algorithm designed for federated learning of modern neural network architectures e.g. convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and LSTMs. FedMA constructs the shared global model in a layer-wise manner by matching and averaging hidden elements (i.e. channels for convolution layers; hidden states for LSTM; neurons for fully connected layers) with similar feature extraction signatures. Our experiments indicate that FedMA not only outperforms popular state-of-the-art federated learning algorithms on deep CNN and LSTM architectures trained on real world datasets, but also reduces the overall communication burden.
Advanced Getter Solutions for Gas Contaminants Absorption in Optoelectronic Devices (2022)

Sealed optoelectronic devices may experience performance issues, or failures, due to outgassing and release of gas species like H2O, H2, and VOCs during the operating lifetime. Hermetic packaging is the standard solution for sealing opto-electronic devices in order to protect them from external atmosphere or harsh environments, ensuring higher reliability and longer life. Unfortunately, hermeticity is not effective to prevent the release of gases from materials that are inside the sealed device. Accumulation of H2, H2O or VOCs could significantly affect the devices, leading to poor performances and drift over the lifetime. An effective way to fix this issue is to integrate getter materials. The engineered absorbing materials developed by SAES can be integrated into the packages to selectively absorb gases and preserve the device performances.
Steady-state CFD calculation of a complete turbocharger radial turbine performance map: Mass flow rate and efficiency (2020)

Turbochargers performance maps need to be extrapolated by automotive manufacturers: experimental techniques could be difficult and extrapolation models could be too simplified. A CFD model is presented with a reduced calculation time and power required for a radial turbine complete performance map: mass flow rate and efficiency. The turbine is studied as an entire system without separating the different components. The calculation is carried with a non-moving rotor mesh and extended to the negative mass flow rate region. The tendency of the efficiency curves is studied as a function of the turbine expansion ratio and the blade speed ratio. Keywords: Turbocharger, radial turbine, simulation, CFD, performance map, extrapolation, mass flow rate, efficiency.
The diagnosis of hepatosplenic candidiasis by DNA analysis of tissue biopsy and serum (2004)

Hepatosplenic candidiasis is traditionally diagnosed by blood culture, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histological analysis. The limitations of these methods include: low sensitivity (blood culture) and failure to isolate the organism (MRI/histology). This report describes a case of hepatosplenic candidiasis diagnosed by simultaneous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of liver biopsy and serum. PCR of biopsy and/or serum may offer a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for hepatosplenic candidiasis. Candida species can be identified, which helps guide antifungal chemotherapy, an important aspect in this difficult to treat infection.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Uptake in Real-World Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2021)

Among real-world patients with MPM, second-line ICI uptake began over two years before the 2017 NCCN guideline recommendations and was associated with nonepithelioid histologic subtype after contemporary studies suggested increased clinical benefit in this population, reflecting prompt integration of scientific discovery into clinical practice.
FeFET versus DRAM based PIM Architectures: A Comparative Study (2022)

The throughput and energy efficiency of compute-centric architectures for memory intensive Deep Neural Networks (DNN) applications are limited by memory bound issues like high data-access energy, long latencies, and limited bandwidth. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) is a very promising approach to address these challenges and bridge the memory-computation gap. PIM places computational logic inside the memory to exploit minimum data movement and massive internal data parallelism. There are currently two PIM trends: 1) Use of emerging non-volatile memories to perform highly parallel analog computation of MAC operations and implicit storage of weights within the memory arrays, and 2) exploiting mature memory technologies that are enhanced by additional logic to enable efficient computation of MAC operations near the memory arrays. In this paper, we will compare both trends from an architectural perspective. Our study mainly emphasizes on FeFET memories (an emerging memory candidate) and DRAM memories (a mature memory candidate). We will highlight the major architectural constraints of these memory candidates that impact the PIM designs and their overall performance. Finally, we will assess feasible choice of candidate for different computations or DNN task types.
First proof of topological signature in the high pressure xenon gas TPC with electroluminescence amplification for the NEXT experiment (2016)

The NEXT experiment aims to observe the neutrinoless double beta decay of 136Xe in a high-pressure xenon gas TPC using electroluminescence (EL) to amplify the signal from ionization. One of the main advantages of this technology is the possibility to reconstruct the topology of events with energies close to Q ββ . This paper presents the first demonstration that the topology provides extra handles to reject background events using data obtained with the NEXT-DEMO prototype. Single electrons resulting from the interactions of 22Na 1275 keV gammas and electronpositron pairs produced by conversions of gammas from the 228Th decay chain were used to represent the background and the signal in a double beta decay. These data were used to develop algorithms for the reconstruction of tracks and the identification of the energy deposited at the end-points, providing an extra background rejection factor of 24.3 ± 1.4 (stat.)%, while maintaining an efficiency of 66.7 ± 1.% for signal events.
Policy-Based Network Management for NeXt Generation Spectrum Access Control (2007)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a policy-based spectrum access control framework as part of the DARPA next generation communications program. The main emphasis of the framework is to overcome two types of concerns: harmful interference caused by a malfunctioning device and harmful interference caused by a malicious user. In tandem with signal-detection-based interference-avoidance algorithms employed by software-defined radios, we design a set of policy- based components, tightly integrated with the accredited kernel on the radio, for avoiding potentially harmful interference caused by a malfunctioning device. The policy conformance and enforcement components ensure that a radio does not violate policies, which define regulatory and other stakeholders' goals and requirements, and which are encoded in an abstract, declarative language. We further secure the policy management and distribution mechanisms in order to prevent malicious users from altering loaded policies as well as from inserting additional policies and thus causing a harmful interference. Additionally, we report on a prototype implementation and demonstration of our framework, which qualitatively illustrates the capability offered to radio for enforcing policies and the capability for managing radios and securing access control to interfaces changing the radio's configuration.
<title>Design of a low-light-level image sensor with on-chip sigma-delta analog-to-digital conversion</title> (1993)

The design and projected performance of a low-light-level active-pixel-sensor (APS) chip with semi-parallel analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion is presented. The individual elements have been fabricated and tested using MOSIS* 2 micrometers CMOS technology, although the integrated system has not yet been fabricated. The imager consists of a 128 X 128 array of active pixels at a 50 micrometers pitch. Each column of pixels shares a 10-bit A/D converter based on first-order oversampled sigma-delta ((Sigma) -(Delta) ) modulation. The 10-bit outputs of each converter are multiplexed and read out through a single set of outputs. A semi- parallel architecture is chosen to achieve 30 frames/second operation even at low light levels. The sensor is designed for less than 12 e<SUP>-</SUP> rms noise performance.
Coexpression and Interaction of Wild-type and Missense RS1 Mutants Associated with X-Linked Retinoschisis: Its Relevance to Gene Therapy (2007)

When wild-type RS1 is expressed in the same cells as disease-causing mutants, the wild-type protein undergoes protein folding, subunit assembly, and secretion independent of all disease-causing RS1 mutants studied except R141H. These studies suggest that gene therapy may be an effective treatment for most persons with XLRS.
Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Sodium Chloride and Essential Oil Components (1982)

The antimicrobial effect of a variety of essential oil components was examined in the presence of various concentrations of NaCl, using air-borne microorganisms and purely cultured fungi. Even at a NaCl concentration of 15%, various kinds of microorganisms grew in 7 to 10 days of incubation at 27°C. All the essential oil components examined, at a concentration of as high as 1 mM, allowed the growth of various microorganisms within a few days of incubation at 27°C when the NaCl concentration of culture media was less than 3%. However, in the presence of 7 to 10% NaCl, cinnamaldehyde, perillaldehyde, citral (α,β-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes), citronellol, perillalcohol and geraniol (primary alcohols) all exhibited a potent antimicrobial effect at a concentration of less than 1 mM. Cuminaldehyde and eugenol were also potent in the respect. L-Menthol at 1 mM was only modest, but at 2 mM was potent in this effect. Citronellal, D-carvone, vanillin, and linalool were only modestly effective, and 1,8-cineole, anethole, and safrole were almost ineffective even at a concentration of 2mM. Hydrocarbons (α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, β-myrcene, β-caryophyllene, and ρ-cymene) even at a concentration of 2 mM were all ineffective under the same condition. These results suggest that certain essential oil components are applicable to effectively preserve foods containing more than 7% NaCl.
The Synthesis of Bio-Based Michael Donors from Tall Oil Fatty Acids for Polymer Development (2022)

In this study, the synthesis of a Michael donor compound from cellulose production by-products-tall oil fatty acids-was developed. The developed Michael donor compounds can be further used to obtain polymeric materials after nucleophilic polymerization through the Michael reaction. It can be a promising alternative method for conventional polyurethane materials, and the Michael addition polymerization reaction takes place under milder conditions than non-isocyanate polyurethane production technology, which requires high pressure, high temperature and a long reaction time. Different polyols, the precursors for Michael donor components, were synthesized from epoxidized tall oil fatty acids by an oxirane ring-opening and esterification reaction with different alcohols (trimethylolpropane and 1,4-butanediol). The addition of functional groups necessary for the Michael reaction was carried out by a transesterification reaction of polyol hydroxyl groups with <i>tert</i>-butyl acetoacetate ester. The following properties of the developed polyols and their acetoacetates were analyzed: hydroxyl value, acid value, moisture content and viscosity. The chemical structure was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization analysis was used for structure identification for this type of acetoacetate for the first time.
Synthesis of Poly-Silicon Thin Films on Glass Substrate Using Laser Initiated Metal Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon for Space Power Application (2007)

Poly-silicon thin films on glass substrates are synthesized using laser initiated metal induced crystallization of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films. These films can be used to fabricate solar cells on low cost glass and flexible substrates. The process starts by depositing 200 nm amorphous silicon films on the glass substrates. Following this, 200 nm of sputtered aluminum films were deposited on top of the silicon layers. The samples are irradiated with an argon ion cw laser beam for annealing. Laser power densities ranging from 4 to 9 W/cm2 were used in the annealing process. Each area on the sample is irradiated for a different exposure time. Optical microscopy was used to examine any cracks in the films and loss of adhesion to the substrates. X-Ray diffraction patterns from the initial results indicated the crystallization in the films. Scanning electron microscopy shows dendritic growth. The composition analysis of the crystallized films was conducted using Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy. The results of poly-silicon films synthesis on space qualified flexible substrates such as Kapton are also presented.
Differential Hepatic Metal and Metallothionein Levels in Three Feral Fish Species along a Metal Pollution Gradient (2013)

The accumulation of cadmium, copper and zinc and the induction of metallothioneins (MT) in liver of three freshwater fish species was studied. Gudgeon (Gobio gobio), roach (Rutilus rutilus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) were captured at 6 sampling sites along a cadmium and zinc gradient and one reference site in a tributary of the Scheldt River in Flanders (Belgium). At each site up to 10 individuals per species were collected and analyzed on their general condition factor (K), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI). From each individual fish the liver was dissected and analyzed on Cd, Cu and Zn and MT-content. Although not all species were present at each site, hepatic Cd and Zn levels generally followed the pollution gradient and highest levels were measured in perch, followed by roach and gudgeon. Nevertheless also an effect of site was observed on this order. MT-levels appeared to be the highest in gudgeon although differences with the other species were not very pronounced and depended on the site. Significant relationships were found between hepatic zinc accumulation and MT levels. For each species the ratio MT(theoretical)/ MT(measured) was calculated, which gives an indication of the relative capacity to induce MTs and thus immobilize the metals. Perch had the lowest capacity in inducing MTs (highest ratio). Relationships between hepatic metal levels and fish condition indices were absent or very weak.
Proliferative re-modeling of the spatial organization of human superficial chondrocytes distant to focal early osteoarthritis (OA) (2010)

Objective—Human superficial chondrocytes show distinct spatial organizations whereas they commonly aggregate near osteoarthritic (OA) fissures. It is not known whether remodeling or destruction of the spatial chondrocyte organization may occur distant to focal (early) OA lesions. Methods—The intact cartilages (condyles, patellofemoral groove, proximal tibia) distant to focal OA lesions of human grade 2 joints were compared to location-matched non-degenerative (grade 0–1) cartilages. Chondrocyte nuclei were stained with propidium iodide and recorded by fluorescence-microscopy in a top-down view. Chondrocyte arrangements were tested for randomness or significant grouping via point pattern analyses (Clark and Evans Aggregation Index), and were correlated with OA grade and surface cell densities. Results—In grade 2 cartilages, superficial chondrocytes were situated in horizontal patterns such as strings, cluster, pairs and singles comparable to non-degenerative cartilage. In the intact cartilages of grade 2 joints, the spatial organization included a novel pattern, consisting of chondrocytes that were aligned in two parallel lines building double strings. These double strings correlated with an increased number of chondrocytes per group (p<0.05), increased corresponding superficial zone cell density (p<0.001), and were observed in all grade 2 condyles (p<0.001), some grade 2 tibiae (p<0.05) but never in grade 0–1 cartilage (p<0.001). Conclusion—The present study is the first to identify a distinct spatial re-organization of human superficial chondrocytes in response to distant early OA lesions and suggests that proliferation had occurred distant to focal early OA. This spatial re-organization may serve to recruit metabolically active units as attempt to repair focal damage.
Size-tunable nanoparticles composed of dextran-b-poly(D,L-lactide) for drug delivery applications (2011)

Nanoparticles (NPs) formulated using self-assembly of block copolymers have attracted significant attention as nano-scaled drug delivery vehicles. Here we report the development of a biodegradable NP using self-assembly of a linear amphiphilic block copolymer, Dex-b-PLA, composed of poly(D,L-lactide), and dextran. The size of the NPs can be precisely tuned between 15 and 70 nm by altering the molecular weight (M W) of the two polymer chains. Using doxorubicin as a model drug, we demonstrated that the NPs can carry up to 21% (w/w) of the drug payload. The release profile of doxorubicin from NPs showed sustained release for over 6 days. Using a rat model, we explored the pharmacokinetics profiles of Dex-b-PLA NPs, and showed proof-of-concept that long circulation lifetime of the NPs can be achieved by tuning the M W of Dex-b-PLA block copolymer. While the terminal half-life of Dex-b-PLA NPs (29.8 h) was similar to that observed in poly(ethylene glycol)-coated (PEG-coated) NPs (27.0 h), 90% of the injected Dex-b-PLA NPs were retained in the blood circulation for 38.3 h after injection, almost eight times longer than the PEG-coated NPs. The area under curve (AUC) of Dex-b-PLA NPs was almost four times higher than PEG-based NPs. The biodistribution study showed lower accumulation of Dex-b-PLA NPs in the spleen with 19.5% initial dose per gram tissue (IDGT) after 24 h compared to PEG-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs (29.8% IDGT). These studies show that Dex-b-PLA block copolymer is a promising new biomaterial for making controlled nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles.
An experiment using registers for fast message-based interprocess communication (1984)

Message interprocess communication has appeal for structuring operating systems but has the reputation of being slow. Register architectures have advantages for fast sequential execution but are considered to increase context-switching costs. This note describes an experiment in which registers are used for transmitting messages in the V kernel, resulting in a factor of 3 improvement in elapsed time for local message transactions and a factor of 6 reduction in kernel time for the associated kernel operations.
Laboratory Evaluation of an Exotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. morrisoni to Horn Fly Larvae (Diptera: Muscidae) and Mice1 (1985)

Exotoxin from culture supernatant of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni was prepared using Sephadex G-25-40 columns. The toxin was determined to be β-exotoxin by high performance liquid chromatography methods. In bioassays against larvae of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), the LC50 and LC90 were estimated to be 2.79 and 8.03 μg/g larval medium, respectively. Maximum mortality of horn fly larvae peaked at 98% when the feces of an animal treated with 3.0 g per day for 5 days was bioassayed. When white mice were treated by subcutaneous injections, the LD50 was 184.8 and 135.6 μg/g body weight for males and females, respectively.