gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical coherence tomography for image-guided dermal filler injection and biomechanical evaluation (2017)

Dermal fillers are a very popular anti-ag ing treatment with estimated sales in the billions of dollars and millions of procedures performed. As the aging population continues to grow, these figures are only e xpected to increase. Dermal fillers have various compositions depending on their intended applicati on. Reactions to dermal fillers can be severe, such as ischemic events and filler migration to the eyes. Howe ver, these adverse reactions are rare. Nevertheless, the capability to perform imag e-guided filler injections would minimize th e risk of such reacti ons. In addition, the biomechanical properties of various fillers have been evalua ted, but there has been no investigation on the effects of filler on the biomechanical properties of skin. In this work, we utilize optical cohe rence tomography (OCT) for visualizing dermal filler injections with micrometer-scale sp atial resolution. In addition, we utilize noncontact optical coherence elastography (OCE) to quantify the changes in the biomechan ical properties of pig skin after the dermal filler injections. OCT was successfully able to visualize the dermal filler injecti on process, and OCE showed that the viscoelasticity of the pig skin was increased locally at the filler injection sites. OCT may be able to provide real-time image guidance in 3D, and when combined with functional OCT techniques such as optical microangiography, could be used to avoid blood vessels during the injection.
Carbonic Anhydrase Is Essential forStreptococcus pneumoniaeGrowth in Environmental Ambient Air (2010)

The respiratory tract pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae needs to adapt to the different levels of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) it encounters during transmission, colonization, and infection. Since CO(2) is important for various cellular processes, factors that allow optimal CO(2) sequestering are likely to be important for pneumococcal growth and survival. In this study, we showed that the putative pneumococcal carbonic anhydrase (PCA) is essential for in vitro growth of S. pneumoniae under the CO(2)-poor conditions found in environmental ambient air. Enzymatic analysis showed that PCA catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO(2) to bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)), an essential step to prevent the cellular release of CO(2). The addition of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) reversed the CO(2)-dependent in vitro growth inhibition of S. pneumoniae strains lacking the pca gene (Deltapca), indicating that PCA-mediated CO(2) fixation is at least associated with HCO(3)(-)-dependent de novo biosynthesis of UFAs. Besides being necessary for growth in environmental ambient conditions, PCA-mediated CO(2) fixation pathways appear to be required for intracellular survival in host cells. This effect was especially pronounced during invasion of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) and uptake by murine J774 macrophage cells but not during interaction of S. pneumoniae with Detroit 562 pharyngeal epithelial cells. Finally, the highly conserved pca gene was found to be invariably present in both CO(2)-independent and naturally circulating CO(2)-dependent strains, suggesting a conserved essential role for PCA and PCA-mediated CO(2) fixation pathways for pneumococcal growth and survival.
Partial left ventriculectomy and mitral valve repair for end-stage congestive heart failure1 (1998)

Although PLV with MV repair is now a surgical option in the treatment of end-stage congestive heart failure, caution is advised as early failures are unpredictable and mechanical support may be required as rescue therapy. Better risk stratification and patient selection may improve outcome. Further study is required to determine the procedure's exact role in the treatment of congestive heart failure.
Progression of continuous downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies: Current trends and challenges (2018)

Rapid advances in intensifying upstream processes for biologics production have left downstream processing as a bottleneck in the manufacturing scheme. Biomanufacturers are pursuing continuous downstream process development to increase efficiency and flexibility, reduce footprint and cost of goods, and improve product consistency and quality. Even after successful laboratory trials, the implementation of a continuous process at manufacturing scale is not easy to achieve. This paper reviews specific challenges in converting each downstream unit operation to a continuous mode. Key elements of developing practical strategies for overcoming these challenges are detailed. These include equipment valve complexity, favorable column aspect ratio, protein-A resin selection, quantitative assessment of chromatogram peak size and shape, holistic process characterization approach, and a customized process economic evaluation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive review of current trends and the path forward for implementing continuous downstream processing at the manufacturing scale.
Ceramic/Metal Interface in Laser Deposited Hard Refractory Composite Coating: Electron Microscopic Study / Keramik/Metall-Grenzfläche einer durch Laserabscheidung erzeugten Beschichtung an harten hochschmelzenden Verbunden: Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen (1998)

Article Ceramic/Metal Interface in Laser Deposited Hard Refractory Composite Coating: Electron Microscopic Study / Keramik/Metall-Grenzfläche einer durch Laserabscheidung erzeugten Beschichtung an harten hochschmelzenden Verbunden: Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen was published on May 1, 1998 in the journal Practical Metallography (volume 36, issue 5).
Cellular pharmacokinetics of spiramycin in cultured macrophages. (1983)

To gain a better understanding of the antibacterial and antiprotozoal activity of spiramycin as well as the characteristic conditions of cellular defence, we studied its accumulation and intracellular localization in cultured macrophages. Within two hours spiramycin in its active form is accumulated intracellularly by macrophages to a concentration 10 to 20 times that found in the extracellular medium; it is released slowly by the cells when they are incubated in antibiotic-free medium. After differential or isopycnic centrifugation, a bimodal localization of spiramycin was found; one part could be associated with the soluble cytosolic fraction and another with organelles sedimenting at a density of 1.17 g/ml, which represent part of the lysosomal population and perhaps the phagosomes.
Towards planning with force constraints: on the mobility of bodies in contact (2002)

A configuration-space-based approach for analyzing the interactions and mobility of objects in quasi-static contact is described. This analysis is motivated by a class of articulated robot motion-planning problems that are not handled by current planning systems. Examples are a snake-like robot that crawls inside a tunnel by bracing against the tunnel walls, a limbed robot (analogous to a monkey) that climbs a trussed structure by pushing and pulling, and a dextrous robotic hand that moves its fingers along an object while holding it stationary. In these examples, one must plan the robot motion to satisfy high-level goals while maintaining quasistatic stability. Planning the hand-hold states (analogous to the hand-holds used by rock climbers between dynamically moving states) where the robot mechanism is at a static equilibrium is considered primarily. The results obtained are some of the first steps necessary to develop planning paradigms for this class of problems. Although the authors have the general class of quasistatic planning problems in mind, the authors use the language of grasping for discussion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
DNA sequence comparison between two tissue-specific variants of the autonomous parvovirus, minute virus of mice (1985)

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the DNA of the immunosuppressive variant of the parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVMi) and compared it to the published sequence (12) of the fibroblast-specific strain (MVMp). We have found 175 differences between the two viruses, most of which affect single nucleotides. Despite these differences, the genomic organization of MVMp and MVMi is identical. There are 29 amino-acid changes between the putative viral gene products of MVMi and MVMp, 16 of which are conservative. We discuss the possibility that the differential tissue-specificity of the two variants is linked to differences within the non-transcribed region near the 5' end of the viral genomes.
ChemInform Abstract: IMPROVED SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PICTET‐SPENGLER ADDUCTS OF PHENYLPYRUVIC ACID AND BIOGENIC AMINES (1981)

Abstract Aus den Phenethylaminen (I) entstehen mit Phenylbrenztraubensäure (II) die Tetrahydroisochinoline (III), aus den entsprechenden Tryptaminen (IV) die analogen β‐Carboline (V).
Design and analysis of a vertical axis wind turbine (2013)

In the past three decades, increasing attention has being put into wind turbines as a clean and green renewable energy alternative to fossil fuels. There are two main types of wind turbines, the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) and Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). Due to the advantages that the VAWT has over the HAWT in urban environments, this project serves to investigate on an experimental Delta Blade VAWT.&#13;\n&#13;\nWith a pair of leading-edge vortices on the top surface, the delta wing is able to continue generating lift at high angles of attack where conventional wing would have already experienced stall. In addition, the reverse delta wing shows similar trends. Hence, these subsonic characteristics of the delta wing were found applicable to a VAWT, incorporated into the Delta Blade VAWT.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn this project, a Delta Blade VAWT was designed and built for wind tunnel testing. Initially, the Delta Blade VAWT with standard delta blades obtained a maximum power coefficient of 0.0138. Several modifications were done to the Delta Blade VAWT to improve its performance. Eventually, with the optimal turbine blades, cropped delta blades with 45o TE deflection, the maximum power coefficient was able to improve to 0.0496 (217.93% increment). Wind tunnel testing for 360o aerodynamic data and water tunnel flow visualization were also done to justify these improvements in performance.&#13;\n&#13;\nAs a whole, the Delta Blade VAWT with optimal turbine blades is considered to be successful. It has great self-starting and self-sustaining capabilities even at low wind speeds of 4 m/s, due to its operating TSR range of 0.2 to 0.4. Hence, the Delta Blade VAWT can be said to suit a small-scale urban rooftop application.
A frame-grid audio pentode for stereo output (1959)

The development and performance capabilities of a dual pentode using a single cathode, two separate Framelok grids and a twin-plate structure contained in one envelope is described. This new pentode, known as Type 6DY7, is a high-performance tube with superior characteristics of uniformity and stability obtained from its unique structure. Such factors as greater uniformity in tube-to-tube characteristics, reduced characteristic spread, and less susceptibility to characteristic deterioration at high dissipations can be obtained. This dual pentode offers extreme flexibility in application. Three basic configurations are: 1) sections operated separately (single-ended) giving 5 watts of audio power per section; 2) two sections in push-pull, Class AB <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> providing up to 20 watts output at less than 3 per cent distortion; and 3) two tubes in push-pull parallel. A single tube can be used for two stereo output channels, or two tubes can be operated in push-pull for higher power requirements. The same advantages can be used for monophonic audio systems. The tube, therefore, offers the circuit designer a choice of usage not possible in presently-available tubes and at cost advantages realizable through a reduction in the number of circuit components.
A game theory approach for protecting 5G control plane from DDoS signalling attacks (2019)

The convergent service-based architecture of the 5G network is more prone to devastating attacks against its control plane comparing to its predecessors. Therefore, studying mitigation methods for protecting the control plane without compromising legitimate traffic is crucial. In this work we address the problem of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks against the 5G control plane, launched by a number of remotely controlled smartphones, proposing a defence framework based on strategic resource scaling.<br/>Leveraging from the virtualised 5G control plane, we introduce an offload-based approach where the incoming traffic is attracted to new weight-managed resources. Besides improving the control plane availability, our analytic model based on game theory enables an intelligent resource scaling according to the attacker’s payoff. To demonstrate the feasibility and the effectiveness of our approach we also present a testbed comprising of multiple simulated users connected at a real virtualised EPC based on the Open Air Interface platform. The results obtained from the testbed show an offloading level up to 60% on the attack target, when duplicating the attacked resource.
Towards the Development of Better Sodium Titanate Anodes (2020)

Sodium-ion batteries represent a drop-in replacement for lithium-ion batteries to meet our ever-growing energy demands. Advantages include the abundance and lower cost of sodium compared to lithium, and the possibility of using cheaper aluminum current collectors instead of the copper ones in lithium-ion cells. Among the many cell components, proper choice of electrode materials are essential for enabling proper functioning of sodium-ion batteries. Compared to the massive exploration of cathode materials, the development of anode materials remains challenging for sodium ion batteries as graphite does not intercalate sodium to an appreciable extent. Sodium titanates are among the few anode materials that can reversibly intercalate sodium ions at appropriately low potentials and moderate capacities 1 although they have low first-cycle coulombic efficiency. Sodium titanates encompass a range of materials with different compositional and structural characteristics, which remain relatively unexplored for this application. 2-4 There is a clear need to build a comprehensive knowledge scenario linking their compositional and structural characteristics and relevant performance metrics. Herein, we compare several sodium titanate compounds, ranging from sodium nonatitanate, lepidocrocite-structured titanates, and Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 . These materials all have stepped layered or corrugated structures, with sodium ions located between transition metal oxide layers, yet display distinctly different electrochemical behaviors. By coupling electrochemical characterization with an array of synchrotron techniques, we offer more insights into their sodium storage mechanisms and provide effective measures to improve their battery behaviors. References: M. Doeff, et al. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials , 24 , 5-14 (2014). M. Shirpour, et al. Energy &amp; Environmental Science , 6 , 2538-2547 (2013). P. Senguttuvan, et al. Chemistry of Materials , 23 , 4109-4111 (2011). M. Shirpour, et al. Chemistry of Materials , 26 , 2502-2512 (2014).
Preparation by sputtering of thick sendust film suited for recording head core (1977)

A 12 μm thick film with large saturation flux density, 11 000 G, and high effective permeability, such as 240 at 20 MHz, was prepared by using tetrode sputtering equipment from a ternary alloy that consisted of Si:10.5 wt.%, Al:5.6 wt.%, and Fe:bal. (Si rich Sendust alloy) at a target voltage of 1000 V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DC</inf> . These were the best conditions for obtaining the minimum value of coercivity with the glass substrate in our experiments. The electric resistivity and Vickers hardness of the film became greater than the same qualities in bulk alloys. The increase in effective permeability at high frequencies, and the higher resistivity and hardness are believed to originate from the granular structure of the film. In this study, it was proved that the magnetic properties, especially the coercivity and the initial permeability of the film were due, not only to the effect of magnetostriction and crystalline anisotropy, but also to the effect of film structure.
Flow technology enabled preparation of C3-heterosubstituted 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes and azetidines: accessing unexplored chemical space in strained heterocyclic chemistry (2022)

The use of flow technology as an enabling tool for accessing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes bearing strained 3-, 4-, and 5-membered O-heterocycles with C3<sub>(N-het)</sub>-C2<sub>(O-het)</sub> connectivity is reported. Reactivity and chemoselectivity (N-ring <i>vs.</i> O-ring) were also evaluated. New chemical space has been explored and new structural motifs such as ABB-aziridines or spiro azetidine-oxazetidines are also reported.
Modelling of surface roughness for glass-assisted CO2 laser machined P-type silicon wafer (2023)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S. Sivaraos, K. P. Prasath, S. Ramesh, K. Kadirgama, S. Pujari, U. K. Vatesh, M. S. Salleh, M. A. A. Ali, S. Maidin; Modelling of surface roughness for glass-assisted CO2 laser machined P-type silicon wafer. AIP Conference Proceedings 10 January 2023; 2643 (1): 050034. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0113855 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Large current modulation in exfoliated-graphene/MoS2/metal vertical heterostructures (2014)

Graphene-based vertical field effect transistors have attracted considerable attention in the light of realizing high-speed switching devices; however, the functionality of such devices has been limited by either their small ON-OFF current ratios or ON current densities. We fabricate a graphene/MoS2/metal vertical heterostructure by using mechanical exfoliation and dry transfer of graphene and MoS2 layers. The van der Waals interface between graphene and MoS2 exhibits a Schottky barrier, thus enabling the possibility of well-defined current rectification. The height of the Schottky barrier can be strongly modulated by an external gate electric field owing to the small density of states of graphene. We obtain large current modulation exceeding 105 simultaneously with a large current density of ∼104 A/cm2, thereby demonstrating the superior performance of the exfoliated-graphene/MoS2/metal vertical field effect transistor.
Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after global DNA methylation editing (2020)

Chromatin properties are regulated by complex networks of epigenome modifications. Currently, it is unclear how these modifications interact and if they control downstream effects such as gene expression. We employed promiscuous chromatin binding of a zinc finger fused catalytic domain of DNMT3A to introduce DNA methylation in HEK293 cells at many CpG islands (CGIs) and systematically investigated the dynamics of the introduced DNA methylation and the consequent changes of the epigenome network. We observed efficient methylation at thousands of CGIs, but it was unstable at about 90% of them, highlighting the power of genome-wide molecular processes that protect CGIs against DNA methylation. Partially stable methylation was observed at about 1000 CGIs, which showed enrichment in H3K27me3. Globally, the introduced DNA methylation strongly correlated with a decrease in gene expression indicating a direct effect. Similarly, global but transient reductions in H3K4me3 and H3K27ac were observed after DNA methylation but no changes were found for H3K9me3 and H3K36me3. Our data provide a global and time-resolved view on the network of epigenome modifications, their connections with DNA methylation and the responses triggered by artificial DNA methylation revealing a direct repressive effect of DNA methylation in CGIs on H3K4me3, histone acetylation, and gene expression.
Homogeneous Catalysis of D2–H2O Isotope Exchange by Pentacyanocobaltate(II) (1972)

The rate of exchange of deuterium between hydrogen gas and water catalyzed by pentacyanocobaltate(II) has been measured as a function of pressure and temperature at a constant total cobalt concentration, 0.05 M, and ionic strength, 1 M. The rates of evolution of hydrogen from solutions of hydridopentacyanocobaltate(III) have been determined under identical conditions. These data have been employed to test the validity of a mechanism for the[Formula: see text] -catalyzed isotope exchange reaction, and to clarify the controversy over the magnitude of the specific rate for the deuterium transfer step[Formula: see text]Calculations show that kinetic isotope and ion pairing effects are significant.
Using patterns to design rules in workflows (2000)

In order to design workflows in changing and dynamic environments, a flexible, correct, and rapid realization of models of the activity flow is required. In particular, techniques are needed to design workflows capable of adapting themselves effectively when exceptional situations occur during process execution. The authors present an approach to flexible workflow design based on rules and patterns developed in the framework of the WIDE project. Rules allow a high degree of flexibility during workflow design by modeling exceptional aspects of the workflow separately from the main activity flow. Patterns model frequently occurring exceptional situations in a generalized way by providing the designer with skeletons of rules and suggestions about their instantiation, together with indications on relationships with other rules, with the activity flow, and with related information. Pattern based design relies on a pattern catalog containing patterns to be reused and on a formal basis for specializing and instantiating available patterns.
A flux-weakening strategy for current-regulated surface-mounted permanent-magnet machine drives (1995)

Permanent-magnet synchronous machines fed from current-regulated converters feature nearly ideal performance at low-to-moderate speeds. However, as rotor speed increases the back emf rises which results in loss of current regulation and decreased torque. In buried-magnet machine drives, flux weakening is often used to extend the speed range. This paper sets forth a flux-weakening control specifically designed for surface-mounted permanent-magnet machines which is simple and does not require knowledge of the machine or system parameters. The proposed method is demonstrated both experimentally and through the use of computer simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
TAFI(a) Assays Measure Extent of Activation in Patient Populations (2013)

Assays for the activated form of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis Inhibitor(a) (TAFIa) can measure the extent of TAFI activation in patient populations. TAFI is a human plasma zymogen that is related to pancreatic carboxypeptidase B (CPB). The active form of TAFI (TAFIa), formed by thrombin cleavage of the zymogen, likely inhibits fibrinolysis by removal of the carboxyl-terminal lysine residues of partially degraded fibrin that stimulate plasminogen activation. TAFI is encoded by the CPB2 gene (chromosome 13) [Boffa MB et al. Biochemistry 1999]. This article presents insights into the function and regulation of TAFI.