gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the Λb polarization and angular parameters in Λb→J/ψΛ decays from pp collisions at s=7 and 8 TeV (2018)

An analysis of the bottom baryon decay b J= - p - is performed to measure the b polarization and three angular parameters in data from pp collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 7 and 8 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The b polarization is measured to be 0.00 AE 0.06stat AE 0.06syst and the parity-violating asymmetry parameter is determined to be 0.14 AE 0.14stat AE 0.10syst. The measurements are compared to various theoretical predictions, including those from perturbative quantum chromodynamics.
Mechanism of the electric-field effect in the high-Tccuprates (1995)

The origin of the large electric field effect in the high-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ superconductors has been identified by measuring the field effects in ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$ and comparing them with those in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$. In contrast to the predictions of models based on field-driven oxygen rearrangement, large field effects are observed in the ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$ system, providing evidence that the effects arise from field-driven movement of the mobile charge carriers in the superconductor and thus are a generic property of the high-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ compounds.
Bradykinin Selectively Opens Blood-Tumor Barrier in Experimental Brain Tumors (1994)

Bradykinin, infused in low doses (10 μg/kg/min) through the carotid artery ipsilateral to RG2 glioma in rats, significantly increased the permeability in tumor capillaries to six different tracers of varying molecular weights compared with intracarotid infusion of saline alone. Permeability in normal brain capillaries was not significantly increased by intracarotid bradykinin infusion. Tracers used to examined permeability included radiolabeled α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB; MW 103), sucrose (MW 342.3), inulin (MW 5000), and dextran (MW 70,000), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and Evans blue (EB). Permeability was expressed as the unidirectional transfer constant K i (μl/g/min). The permeabilities ( K i ) of tumors in the bradykinin group versus the control saline group for AIB, sucrose, inulin, and dextran were 25.91 ± 6.78 vs. 13.95 ± 4.29 (p &lt; 0.01), 17.90 ± 2.65 vs. 10.75 ± 4.55 (p &lt; 0.01), 23.92 ± 6.99 vs. 6.20 ± 4.37 (p &lt; 0.01), and 17.84 ± 1.00 vs. 1.47 ± 1.24 (p &lt; 0.001), respectively (mean ± SD). Permeability of RG2 gliomas to high molecular weight dextran (70,000) was 12-fold higher in the bradykinin group than in the saline infusion group. Intracarotid infusion of bradykinin did not significantly increase the blood volume in tumor or brain tissue despite its known vasodilative effect. The permeability of normal brain capillaries was unaffected by intracarotid bradykinin infusion. The increased permeability was reversed 20 min after stopping the intracarotid infusion. Electron microscopic and gross qualitative analysis was performed using HRP and EB. Intracarotid bradykinin infusion increased HRP and EB within tumor tissue but not normal tissue. We believe that intracarotid infusion of bradykinin will be a useful technique for selective delivery of antitumor compounds to brain tumors.
Effect of Molecular Sizes, Sources of Chitosan and Plasticizer Types on Properties of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Films (2012)

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) from two molecular sizes (oligomer and polymer) and three different sources (shrimp, crab and squid) of chitosan were prepared by carboxymethylation reaction. The CMCH films were cast and their mechanical properties. For molecular sizes, the polymer CMCH films showed higher %elongation (%E) than those of oligomer CMCH films but had no effect on tensile strength (TS). The crab polymer CMCH films showed the highest TS. The different sources of chitosan had no influence on %E of CMCH films. The effect of plasticizers [glycerol (Gly), sorbitol (Sor) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG)] on mechanical properties of CMCH films was also investigated. Additions of Gly and Sor into films increased %E and reduced TS of CMCH films; however, films plasticizing with PEG showed no significant difference in mechanical properties. The crab CMCH films were selected to determine water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) at 25°C and 65%RH. The crab oligomer CMCH films showed higher WVTR than those of crab polymer CMCH films. Addition of Sor as plasticizer decreased WVTR of crab polymer and oligomer CMCH films whereas WVTR of films with Gly depended on molecular sizes of chitosan. Addition of PEG had no effect on WVTR of CMCH films.
RSV-encoded NS2 promotes epithelial cell shedding and distal airway obstruction (2020)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the major cause of bronchiolitis in young children. The factors that contribute to the increased propensity of RSV-induced distal airway disease compared with other commonly encountered respiratory viruses remain unclear. Here, we identified the RSV-encoded nonstructural 2 (NS2) protein as a viral genetic determinant for initiating RSV-induced distal airway obstruction. Infection of human cartilaginous airway epithelium (HAE) and a hamster model of disease with recombinant respiratory viruses revealed that NS2 promotes shedding of infected epithelial cells, resulting in two consequences of virus infection. First, epithelial cell shedding accelerated the reduction of virus titers, presumably by clearing virus-infected cells from airway mucosa. Second, epithelial cells shedding into the narrow-diameter bronchiolar airway lumens resulted in rapid accumulation of detached, pleomorphic epithelial cells, leading to acute distal airway obstruction. Together, these data indicate that RSV infection of the airway epithelium, via the action of NS2, promotes epithelial cell shedding, which not only accelerates viral clearance but also contributes to acute obstruction of the distal airways. Our results identify RSV NS2 as a contributing factor for the enhanced propensity of RSV to cause severe airway disease in young children and suggest NS2 as a potential therapeutic target for reducing the severity of distal airway disease.
Quantum-Chemical Insights into Mechanisms of the Nonenzymatic Hydrolysis of Phosphate Monoesters (1999)

The interpretation of a large number of experiments that are generally considered to support the dissociative or metaphosphate mechanism of phosphate monoesters in aqueous solution is scrutinized using results of ab initio quantum chemical calculations. It is concluded that while it is currently not clear whether the associative or dissociative mechanism of phosphate monoester hydrolysis is operating in aqueous solution, the associative transition state can be better stabilized by the interaction between the equatorial oxygens and the proton donor groups in the enzyme active sites.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CASINGS ON SALAMI PRODUCED WITH MEAT FROM BUFFALO AND PODOLIAN CATTLE (2012)

ABSTRACT The effect of different casings on the quality of new types of salami from buffalo and Podolian young bull meat was investigated. To this aim, three casings were used: a natural casing (NC), a modified natural casing (MNC) and a synthetic casing (SC). Their effects on processed meat were analyzed by evaluating salami quality at the end of the ripening time. Nutritional properties, microbial loads, pH, color parameters, texture and sensory properties were assessed. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the casings were measured. Results highlighted that both meat were suitable to produce salami; better results in terms of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were recorded with Podolian meat. The NC and the SC exerted similar mechanical properties, very different from those of the MNC. The superior properties of the NC in terms of texture and color characteristics conferred to the fermented sausages could allow suggesting this casing as the most recommended solution to package unusual salami. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The increasing consumer interest in products with high energetic and nutritional value, authentic, tasty, rich in protein and low in lipid and cholesterol content gives rise to promote consumption of alternative meat to pork. Therefore, the influence of different casings on salami produced by boneless buffalo and young bull could be of crucial importance for industry that cares about consumer satisfaction.
NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF EFFECT OF NEW CENTRAL DEPRESSANT, 8-CHLORO-6-PHENYL-4H-s-TRIAZOLO [4, 3-a] [1, 4] BENZODIAZEPINE (D-40TA) ON EEG AND CENTRAL SYMPATHETIC ACTIVATING MECHANISM IN CATS (1974)

The present study regarding the effects of 8-chloro-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo [4, 3-a] [1, 4] benzodiazepine (D-40TA) on the EEG arousal and sympathetic excitatory responses evoked spontaneously or by stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation, posterior hypothalamus, thalamus and sciatic nerve in the curarized, intact brain or cerveau isole cats provided the following conclusion: D-40TA reduced the central sympathetic excitability by depressing the hypothalamus and its related structures, and limited the persistence of the EEG arousal by selective depression of the hypothalamic and probably midbrain mechanism relevant to a “tonic” EEG component with much less influence upon a “phasic” EEG component related to waking ability itself. These dual effects may be responsible for hypnogcnic action of D-40TA.
Compensation of Laser Thermal Depolarization Using Free Space (2007)

Thermally induced birefringence in a single-transverse-mode laser for moderate pumping is well compensated when the rod is double-passed after reflection from a mirror one Rayleigh range away from the rod. The depolarized light is in a spatial (1, 1) mode and the relative Gouy phase shift between the fundamental and depolarized modes in propagating a Rayleigh range leads to good compensation.
Preliminary results from a phase II trial of docetaxel before castration with degarelix in men with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. (2021)

116 Background: Randomized trials have demonstrated a survival advantage to administering docetaxel (D) shortly after initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with newly diagnosed hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer (hsMPC). Clinical trials in breast cancer, research in prostate cancer cell lines, and pharmacokinetic analyses of D clearance in the castrate state, suggest increased efficacy of chemotherapy administered separately from hormone suppression. We proposed that treatment with D before ADT might improve outcomes in newly diagnosed hsMPC. Methods: In an ongoing phase II study (NCT03069937), men with newly diagnosed hsMPC were treated with 4 cycles of D (75mg/m2) every 21 days without ADT followed by 2 cycles of D concurrent with the LHRH antagonist degarelix (Deg) administered every 4 weeks. The Deg alone was continued for a total of 7 injections. Men were trial eligible with high or low volume disease by CHAARTED criteria. Bicalutamide was allowed for &lt; 30 days before trial entry, but LHRH directed therapy was not permitted. The primary endpoint for this trial is percentage of men obtaining PSA &lt; 0.2 ng/ml. Pre-specified secondary endpoints examined here after 4 cycles of docetaxel alone are safety, and efficacy defined by PSA (decrease by &gt; 50%) and radiographic responses. Results: At time of this abstract, 50 patients have been enrolled to trial. Two patients withdrew after 1 cycle of D, and 4 patients have not yet completed 4 cycles. Of the 50 patients evaluable for safety, 6 (12%) had Grade 3 toxicities related to D. No Grade 4/5 toxicities were reported. Of patients who completed 4 cycles of D, 24/44 (55%) had a PSA response and 34/44 (77%) had PSA decline from baseline. All but two patients with declining PSA had stable or improved radiographic imaging. Six of the 44 patients (14%) had PSA progression (&gt;25% increase) with D therapy, 3 of whom also had radiographic progression. Every patient with PSA response after 4 cycles D had PSA decline after 2 cycles. No patient with PSA decline after 2 cycles had PSA progression after 4 cycles. PSA response rate was stratified by baseline variables in table below. Conclusions: In hsMPC patients, 4 cycles D without ADT appears to be a safe and active therapy. Treatment with bicalutamide prior to the start of D predicts poorer PSA response. This result strengthens our hypothesis that sensitivity of hsMPC to taxane therapy may be enhanced if ADT is postponed. Baseline genomics will be analyzed, and we hope to correlate responses to D alone with later primary efficacy outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT03069937. [Table: see text]
ChemInform Abstract: CHROMIUM CARBONYL PHOTOCATALYZED 1,4‐HYDROSILATION OF 1,3‐DIENES, A SYNTHESIS OF ALLYLSILANES (1974)

Abstract Die UV‐Photolyse bei 25°C in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Cr(CO) 6 von trockenen entgasten Lösungen der Diene (I) und der Silane (II) mit einer Si‐H‐Bindung im Verhältnis 1:1 liefert die Hydrosilierungsprodukte (III).
Synthesis and Characterization of Al-TON Zeolite Using a Dialkylimizadolium as Structure-Directing Agent (2016)

In this work, the synthesis of zeolites using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C4MI]Cl as a structure-directing agent was investigated. The organic cation shows effectiveness and selectivity for the syntheses of TON zeolites under different reaction conditions compared to the traditional structure-directing agent, 1,8-diaminooctane. The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation lead to highly crystalline materials and its role as OSDA in our synthesis conditions has been confirmed by characterization techniques. ICP-OES confirms the presence of Al in the samples and 27Al MAS NMR analysis indicated that aluminum atoms were incorporated in tetrahedral coordination. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that changing the crystallization condition (static or stirring), zeolites with different crystal size were obtained, which consequently affects the textural properties of the zeolites. Moreover, varying some synthesis parameters MFI zeolite can also be obtained.
Visual processing for vehicle control functions (2003)

Advanced vehicle control functions are a necessity for intelligent vehicle highway systems. The authors present an outline of a set of vision functions that can deliver the required capabilities, and survey a number of algorithms developed at the University of Massachusetts that can provide these functions. Furthermore, highlights and salient results of three motion analysis, model matching and pose estimation algorithms are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Recent advances in phototherapy. (2000)

This synopsis reviews recent developments in dermatological phototherapy. UVA1 phototherapy (340-400 nm) is effective in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acutely exacerbated atopic dermatitis, localized scleroderma, urticaria pigmentosa and disseminated granuloma annulare. Narrowband UVB radiation (311-313 nm) is used successfully as monotherapy or combined with dithranol, oral retinoids or 8-MOP in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD) or photosensitivity disorders such as polymorphic light eruption. Bath water delivery of 8-methoxypsoralen and subsequent UVA-irradiation (PUVA bath therapy) for the treatment of psoriasis as well as for mycosis fungoides, localized scleroderma, urticaria pigmentosa or lichen planus is an effective alternative to its systemic application. The combination of salt water brine baths in different concentrations and subsequent UVA/B irradiation is used increasingly for the treatment of psoriasis or AD. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has proven to be a very effective treatment modality for cutaneous T cell lymphoma, chronic graft-versus-host disease and certain autoimmune diseases such as systemic scleroderma or pemphigus. However, despite the documented benefits of these new treatment modalities, little data exist as of yet on potential long-term side effects, thus the indications for these therapies should be considered carefully and patients should be followed up at regular intervals.
Multistage Adaptive Load Balancing for Big Active Data Publish Subscribe Systems (2019)

In this paper, we address issues in the design and operation of a Big Active Data Publish Subscribe (BAD Pub/Sub) systems to enable the next generation of enriched notification systems that can scale to societal levels. The proposed BAD Pub/Sub system will aim to ingest massive amounts of data from heterogeneous publishers and sources and deliver customized, enriched notifications to end users (subscribers) that express interests in these data items via parameterized channels. To support scalability, we employ a hierarchical architecture that combines a back-end big data cluster (to receive publications and data feeds, store data and process subscriptions) with a client-facing distributed broker network that manages user subscriptions and scales the delivery process. A key aspect of our broker capacity is its ability to aggregate subscriptions from end users to immensely reduce the end to end overheads and loads. The skewed distribution of subscribers, their interests and the dynamic nature of societal scale publications, create load imbalance in the distributed broker network. We mathematically formulate the notion of broker load in this setting and derive an optimization problem to minimize the maximum load (an NP-hard problem). We propose a staged approach for broker load balancing that executes in multiple stages --- initial placement of brokers to subscribers, dynamic subscriber migration during operation to handle transient and instantaneous loads and occasional shuffles to re-stabilize the system. We develop a prototype implementation of our staged load balancing on a real BAD Pub/Sub testbed (multinode cluster) with a distributed broker network and conduct experiments using real world workloads. We further evaluate our schemes via a detailed simulation studies.
Antinociceptive activity of NK1 receptor antagonists: non‐specific effects of racemic RP67580 (1993)

1. Release of substance P in the dorsal horn is considered a primary event in the perception of pain. The profile of racemic RP67580, a non-peptide antagonist at the NK1 (substance P) receptor, was examined in a range of antinociception tests on rodents. 2. At doses up to 30 mg kg-1, s.c. racemic RP67580 exhibited antinociceptive activity in writhing and formalin paw tests in mice and gerbils. Acetic acid induced writhing and the licking response to formalin were reduced to 40-50% of the level observed in vehicle-treated animals (P < 0.05). However, this agent was not active in mouse tail flick, rat paw pressure or rat and guinea-pig formalin paw tests. 3. Like racemic RP67580, the calcium channel blockers nifedipine (30 mg kg-1, i.p.) and verapamil (10 or 20 mg kg-1, s.c.) inhibited the response to formalin by approximately 60% in gerbils (P < 0.05 compared with vehicle-treated animals). 4. Evidence for calcium channel antagonist activity of RP67580 was obtained in vitro. Racemic RP67580 inhibited calcium entry into depolarized strips of guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (apparent KB = 587 +/- 115 nM), inhibited [3H]-diltiazem binding to rabbit skeletal membranes (IC50 = 298 nM) and depressed high threshold calcium currents in neurones cultured from rat cortex (10% inhibition at 10 microM). 5. These findings indicate that the acute antinociceptive effects of RP67580 may not be attributable to a specific interaction with NK1 receptors and may be mediated via calcium channel blockade.
Use of the rumen simulation technique (rusitec) to provide micro-organisms for assessing the rate of fermentation. in vitro, of forages. (1993)

In vitro forage-digestion techniques, such as Tilley &amp; Terry (1963) and the recent Pressure Transducer Technique (PTT) of Theodorou et al (1992), rely on rumen-fistulated animals to provide the microbial inoculum. The present study aimed to minimise reliance on rumen-fistulated animals by using the vessel or effluent fluids from the in vitro rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) of Czerkawski &amp; Breckenridge (1977) as sources of inocula for assessing rate of fermentation of forages using the PTT. A previous study (Owen et al 1991) demonstrated the feasibility of using RUSITEC effluent as a source of micro-organisms for the Tilley and Terry (1963) technique.
Learning Motion Categories using both Semantic and Structural Information (2007)

Current approaches to motion category recognition typically focus on either full spatiotemporal volume analysis (holistic approach) or analysis of the content of spatiotemporal interest points (part-based approach). Holistic approaches tend to be more sensitive to noise e.g. geometric variations, while part-based approaches usually ignore structural dependencies between parts. This paper presents a novel generative model, which extends probabilistic latent semantic analysis (pLSA), to capture both semantic (content of parts) and structural (connection between parts) information for motion category recognition. The structural information learnt can also be used to infer the location of motion for the purpose of motion detection. We test our algorithm on challenging datasets involving human actions, facial expressions and hand gestures and show its performance is better than existing unsupervised methods in both tasks of motion localisation and recognition.
Source Level Merging of Independent Programs (2007)

This work presents the outline of an algorithm for merging two programs (and hence more) into a single program in source level. The approach is a constrained software equivalent of simultaneous multithreading (SMT). This work goes beyond previous works by considering how to merge the remainder of a loop into a recursively merged tail. The contribution of this work is the technique of handling the tail of non-equivalent loops in the process of recursively merging subcomponents. The proposed scheme makes extensive use of the ability to forward from the merging of two sub-components to be used in following mergings of other sub-components. Forwarding remaining iterations has several modes and in particular the ability to use repeated execution of inner loops to complete the iterations of larger loops. This is (to the best of our knowledge) the first complete tool for source-level merging in C. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme for embedded systems has been studied via a sequence of experiments showing expected improvement of 10-20%. We tested merging programs from DSP related benchmarks using several compilers on different architectures.
A Students Attendance System Using QR Code (2014)

Smartphones are becoming more preferred companions to users than desktops or notebooks. Knowing that smartphones are most popular with users at the age around 26, using smartphones to speed up the process of taking attendance by university instructors would save lecturing time and hence enhance the educational process. This paper proposes a system that is based on a QR code, which is being displayed for students during or at the beginning of each lecture. The students will need to scan the code in order to confirm their attendance. The paper explains the high level implementation details of the proposed system. It also discusses how the system verifies student identity to eliminate false registrations.