gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Chemistry of O,N‐ and S,N‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 3. Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzothiazepines with Potential CNS Activity. (1989)

Abstract The benzothiazepinethiones (II), prepared from the corresponding lactams (I), are methylated to give the methylthio compounds (IV) which undergo substitution reaction with the hydrazides (V), yielding the acyl hydrazines (VI).
Secretory Component and IgA in the Endolymphatic Sac (1993)

Immunohistochemical methods were used to investigate secretory component (SC) and immunoglobulin A within the inner ears of Sprague Dawley rats and BALB/c mice. Utilizing specific antisera against SC and IgA, the distribution and localization of SC and IgA were studied in normal, non-immunized ears of both animal species. The kinetics of SC and IgA were also investigated during a secondary immune response following keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) challenge of murine inner ears. In the non-immunized murine inner ear, neither SC or IgA were found. In contrast, SC was localized within the epithelial cells and lumen of the endolymphatic sac (ES) in non-immunized rats and faint luminal IgA staining was seen in one-third of the animals, as well as an occasional IgA-bearing cell in the ES. In the inner ear secondary immune response, SC was found only within the endolymphatic sac of approximately 50% of the immunized mice 14 days after KLH challenge. IgA-bearing cells were also observed within the ES 2 to 3 weeks following KLH challenge. We conclude that there are species differences in the distribution of SC and IgA within the inner ear, and that under pathological conditions the endolymphatic sac may be a site of IgA and SC induction.
Loop diuretics in acute heart failure: beyond the decongestive relief for the kidney (2015)

Current goals in the acute treatment of heart failure are focused on pulmonary and systemic decongestion with loop diuretics as the cornerstone of therapy. Despite rapid relief of symptoms in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, after intravenous use of loop diuretics, the use of these agents has been consistently associated with adverse events, including hypokalemia, azotemia, hypotension, and increased mortality. Two recent randomized trials have shown that continuous infusions of loop diuretics did not offer benefit but were associated with adverse events, including hyponatremia, prolonged hospital stay, and increased rate of readmissions. This is probably due to the limitations of congestion evaluation as well as to the deleterious effects linked to drug administration, particularly at higher dosage. The impaired renal function often associated with this treatment is not extensively explored and could deserve more specific studies. Several questions remain to be answered about the best diuretic modality administration, global clinical impact during acute and post-discharge period, and the role of renal function deterioration during treatment. Thus, if loop diuretics are a necessary part of the treatment for acute heart failure, then there must be an approach that allows personalization of therapy for optimal benefit and avoidance of adverse events.
The economics of ethanol production by extractive fermentation (1991)

Abstract Extractive fermentation is a processing strategy in which reaction and recovery occur simultaneously in a fermentation vessel through the use of a water‐immiscible solvent which selectively removes an inhibitory product. We have developed an ethanol extractive fermentation process incorporating continuous operation, the ability to ferment concentrated feedstocks, and greatly reduced energy and water use. This article provides a detailed economic assessment of this process relative to current technology for an annual capacity of 100 million litres of ethanol. Extractive fermentation provides significant economic advantages for both grass roots and retrofitted plants. Producing anhydrous ethanol without distillation is a prospect.
Tuning Secondary Structure and Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Peptides (2004)

\n Contains fulltext :\n 33123.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
Cortical Reorganization of Early Somatosensory Processing in Hemiparetic Stroke (2022)

The cortical motor system can be reorganized following a stroke, with an increasing recruitment of the contralesional hemisphere. However, it is unknown whether a similar hemispheric shift occurs in the somatosensory system to adapt to this motor change, and whether this is related to movement impairments. This proof-of-concept study assessed somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), P50 and N100, in hemiparetic stroke participants and age-matched controls using high-density electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings during tactile finger stimulation. The laterality index was calculated to determine hemispheric dominance of the SEP and re-confirmed with source localization. The study found that latencies of P50 and N100 were significantly delayed in stroke brains when stimulating the paretic hand. The amplitude of P50 was negatively correlated with Fügl-Meyer Upper Extremity Motor Score in stroke. Bilateral cortical responses were detected in stroke, while only contralateral cortical responses were shown in controls, resulting in a significant difference in the laterality index. These results suggested that somatosensory reorganization after stroke involves increased recruitment of ipsilateral cortical regions. This reorganization delays the latency of somatosensory processing after a stroke. This research provided new insights related to the somatosensory reorganization after stroke, which could enrich future hypothesis-driven therapeutic rehabilitation strategies from a sensory or sensory-motor perspective.
TheRd8Mutation of theCrb1Gene Is Present in Vendor Lines of C57BL/6N Mice and Embryonic Stem Cells, and Confounds Ocular Induced Mutant Phenotypes (2012)

These findings identify the presence of the rd8 mutation in the C57BL/6N mouse substrain used widely to produce transgenic and knockout mice. The results have grave implications for the vision research community who develop mouse lines to study eye disease, as presence of rd8 can produce significant disease phenotypes unrelated to the gene or genes of interest. It is suggested that researchers screen for rd8 if their mouse lines were generated on the C57BL/6N background, bear resemblance to the rd8 phenotype, or are of indeterminate origin.
Identification of a cowpea γ‐thionin with bactericidal activity (2006)

Antimicrobial peptides are an abundant group of proteinaceous compounds widely produced in the plant kingdom. Among them, the gamma-thionin family, also known as plant defensins, represents one typical family and comprises low molecular mass cysteine-rich proteins, usually cationic and distributed in different plant tissues. Here, we report the purification and characterization of a novel gamma-thionin from cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata), named Cp-thionin II, with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Once the primary structure was elucidated, molecular modelling experiments were used to investigate the multimerization and mechanism of action of plant gamma-thionins. Furthermore, Cp-thionin II was also localized in different tissues in cowpea seedlings during germination in contrasting conditions, to better understand the plant protection processes. The use of plant defensins in the construction of transgenic plants and also in the production of novel drugs with activity against human pathogens is discussed.
DER ELEKTRONISCHE BREMSREGLER UND SEINE PROBLEMATIK (1972)

DIE AUFGABE ELEKTRONISCHER BREMSREGLER IST DIEERHALTUNG VON FAHRSTABILITAET UND LENKFAEHIGKEIT,BREMSVERKUERZUNG GEGENUEBER BLOCKIERBREMSUNG NICHTNUR AUF HOMOGENEN, SONDERN VOR ALLEM AUF INHOMOGENENFAHRBAHNEN. ZUR GEWINNUNG GEEIGNETER REGELGROESSENWURDEN AN EINEM VEREINFACHTEN MECHANISCHENERSATZMODELL DIE WESENTLICHEN ASPEKTE DES DYNAMISCHENRADVERHALTENS UNTERSUCHT. ES ZEIGTE SICH, DASS ZUROPTIMALEN BREMSREGELUNG EINES RADES SOWOHL DIERADUMFANGSBESCHLEUNIGUNG ALS AUCH DER RADSCHLUPF ALSREGELGROESSEN BENOETIGT WERDEN. WAEHREND HINSICHTLICHDER SCHNELLIGKEIT DER BREMSDRUCKMODULATION AUFHOMOGENEN FAHRBAHNEN VERHAELTNISMAESSIG KLEINEAENDERUNGSGESCHWINDIGKEITEN DER BREMSMOMENTE AUSREICHEN,SIND AUF INHOMOGENEN FAHRBAHNEN MIT SPRUNGHAFTERAENDERUNG DES KRAFTSCHLUSSBEIWERTES SEHR SCHNELLEANSTIEGS- UND ABBAUGESCHWINDIGKEITEN DES BREMSMOMENTESERFORDERLICH. BEI EINEM LEISTUNGS- UND KOSTENVERGLEICHUNTERSCHIEDLICHER BREMSREGLERSYSTEME ZEIGT SICH,DASS NUR DER VIERKANAL-EINZELRAD-REGLER BZW. EINBREMSREGLERSYSTEM MIT INDIVIDUELLER REGELUNG DERVORDERRAEDER UND GEMEINSAMER HINTERRADREGELUNG NACHDER METHODE SELECT-LOW DEN FUER ELEKTRONISCHEBREMSREGLER ERFORDERLICHEN LEISTUNGEN ENTSPRECHEN.
Tolerization against loss of neuronal function after ischemia–reperfusion injury (1998)

To investigate whether sublethal ischemia preserves neuronal function otherwise lost after stroke, anesthesized rabbits were subjected to clamping of abdominal aorta to cause lumbar spinal cord ischemia. An occlusion period of 12.5 min was followed 12 or 48 h later by a second occlusion for 30 min. When scored 24 h later for hindlimb function on a 0-6 scale, the rabbits that underwent tolerizing ischemia 12 h before infarction had better motor function (n = 7; 4.29+/-0.21,p < 0.0001) than sham-operated controls (n = 7; 1.00+/-0.27), but those infarcted at 48 h had mixed outcomes (n = 5; 2.20+/-0.21, ns). In correlation, the proportion of neurons with histological evidence of damage was lower in the tolerized rabbits (0.15+/-0.04) than in sham-operated controls (0.74+/-0.09, p < 0.001). We conclude that ischemic tolerance also improves neurological function of infarcted spinal cord and could be studied for clinical application.
Mutations causing gaucher disease (1994)

Glucocerebrosidase is a lysosomal enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of glucosylceramide to ceramide and glucose. Mutations disrupting the function of this enzyme cause autosomal recessive Gaucher disease. This disease is very heterogeneous. The clinical heterogeneity is due to a large number of mutations within the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase. To date 36 mutations have been described in Gaucher disease. In this part we present the mutations and review the more common ones. We also review the glucocerebrosidase natural activator, designated saposin C and mutations in its gene, associated with Gaucher disease.
Unraveling the Dual Character of Sulfur Atoms on Sensitizers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2016)

Cyclometalated ruthenium sensitizers have been synthesized that differ with number of thiophene units on the auxiliary ligands. Sensitizers possessing four (SA25, SA246, and SA285) or none (SA282) sulfur atoms in their structures, were tested in solar cell devices employing I<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/I<sup>-</sup> redox mediator, enabling an estimation of the influence of sulfur-iodine/iodide interactions on dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) performance. Power conversion efficiencies over 6% under simulated AM 1.5 illumination (1 Sun) were achieved with all the sensitizers. Consistently higher open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>) and fill factor (FF) values were measured using SA282. Scrutinizing the DSCs with these dyes by transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicate that sulfur atom induced recombination cancels favorable increased regeneration resulting in decreased power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The data indicate that, to reduce charge recombination channels, the use of sulfur-containing aromatic rings should be avoided if possible in the dye structure when I<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/I<sup>-</sup> redox mediator is used.
Heat-Killed Cells of Lactobacilli Skew the Immune Response Toward T Helper 1 Polarization in Mouse Splenocytes and Dendritic Cell-Treated T Cells (2007)

It is believed that probiotics play an important role for the health of the host, including modulation of immune responses. Most studies have focused on the immunomodulatory effects of viable cells of lactic acid bacteria; however, we investigated those of heat-killed cells of lactic acid bacteria in this study. We first observed the effects on immune functions via stimulating splenocytes with three heat-killed Lactobacillus strains. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of mouse dendritic cells (DCs) treated with these heat-killed Lactobacillus strains on T cell responses. The results showed that these Lactobacillus strains were able to stimulate cell proliferation and interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 p70, and interferon (IFN)-gamma production but not transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in splenocytes. In addition, these heat-killed Lactobacillus strains also stimulated high-level secretion of IL-12 p70 in DCs and switched T cells to T helper (Th) 1 immune responses, as evidenced by the elevated secretion of IFN-gamma but not IL-5, IL-13, and TGF-beta. These results showed that lactobacilli play a potentially important role in modulating immune responses and allergic reactions.
Microarray analysis of gene/transcript expression in Prader-Willi syndrome: deletion versus UPD (2003)

Our results suggest that differences in expression of candidate genes may contribute to phenotypic differences between PWS subjects with deletion or UPD and warrant further investigations.
Topical negative pressure effects on coronary blood flow in a sternal wound model (2008)

Several studies have suggested that mediastinitis is a strong predictor for poor long-term survival after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). In those studies, several conventional wound-healing techniques were used. Previously, we have shown no difference in long-term survival between CABG patients with topical negative pressure (TNP)-treated mediastinitis and CABG patients without mediastinitis. The present study was designed to elucidate if TNP, applied over the myocardium, resulted in an increase of the total amount of coronary blood flow. Six pigs underwent median sternotomy. The coronary blood flow was measured, before and after the application of TNP (-50 mmHg), using coronary electromagnetic flow meter probes. Analyses were performed before left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion (normal myocardium) and after 20 minutes of LAD occlusion (ischaemic myocardium). Normal myocardium: 171.3 +/- 14.5 ml/minute before to 206.3 +/- 17.6 ml/minute after TNP application, P < 0.05. Ischaemic myocardium: 133.7 +/- 18.4 ml/minute before to 183.2 +/- 18.9 ml/minute after TNP application, P < 0.05. TNP of -50 mmHg applied over the LAD region induced a significant increase in the total coronary blood flow in both normal and ischaemic myocardium.
An Abnormal Electrocardiogram in a Young Man: What Is the Etiology? (2002)

Peer Reviewed
Lessons from David Billington (2020)

Princeton Professor David Billington died on March 25, 2018 at the age of 90. David was a structural engineer, scholar, and a master teacher. He taught two courses at Princeton University. By Princeton standards these were very large courses, impacting as many as 20% of all students graduating from Princeton from the mid-1990's until he retired in 2010. One course was "Structures in the Urban Environment" and it focused on structural artists – engineers who designed efficient, economical, and elegant structures. The other course was "Engineering in the Modern World" and it focused on the history of engineering from the time of the American Revolution to the present day. Both courses are still being taught by his colleagues, Prof. Maria Garlock and Prof. Michael Littman. This article is about David's approach to educating the general public and engineers as described by Michael Littman, who co-taught the "Engineering in the Modern World" course with him for over 20 years.
An electrostatically focused klystron amplifier (1963)

The role which the klystron amplifier is playing in the field of radar, communications and other systems such as linear accelerators has proven this device to be invaluable. Because a klystron is a device employing a long and slender electron beam, a means of focussing this beam becomes necessary. In practice, this focussing is accomplished with either permanent magnets or electromagnets. Both have their disadvantages. Magnets are not only heavy, bulky and have stray magnetic fields, but also add to the initial cost of a system. The electromagnet, in addition, requires a power supply which reduces the overall efficiency of the system and is also inherently heavy and bulky. The use of aluminum wire and foil for the electromagnet winding has not significantly reduced the weight and size. The elimination of focussing magnets would, therefore, be highly desirable. This is especially true, if not mandatory, in mobile, airborne and space systems where space and available power are at a premium and weight must be kept at an absolute minimum.
Rat pulmonary circulation after chronic hypoxia: hemodynamic and structural features (1979)

In 55 Sprague-Dawley rats (mean wt, 277 +/- 6.2 g) exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (air at 380 mmHg), and 23 weight-matched controls kept in room air, pulmonary and systemic artery pressures were measured daily for 2 wk via indwelling catheters. After each day of exposure, 1 or 2 hypoxic rats, to a total of 20, and 5 control rats were killed during the experiment. In these rats, the pulmonary arterial tree was injected post mortem with barium-gelatin and inflated with formaldehyde solution, and three structural features were quantified microscopically: 1) abnormal extension of muscle into peripheral arteries where it is not normally present (EMPA); 2) increased wall thickness of the normally muscular arteries, expressed as a percentage of external diameter (%WT); and 3) reduction in artery number expressed as an increase in the ratio of alveoli to arteries (A/a). Mean pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) rose significantly after day 3 of hypoxic exposure (P less than 0.05) and had doubled by day 14; the mean systemic artery pressure (Psa) of hypoxic rats and Ppa and Psa of control rats were unchanged. The level of Ppa correlated with the degree of structural changes; for EMPA, r = 0.84; for %WT, r = 0.64; and for A/a, r = 0.73 (P less than 0.001 in all.
Simulation reduces airline misconnections: a case study (2003)

With most major airlines operating a hub-and-spoke system and partnering with other airlines to offer code share flights, more and more passengers are required to make at least one connection before reaching their final destination. These trends in the airline industry have increased the percentage of transfer passengers. In order to minimize the number of missed connections and offer customers a seamless journey, airlines must maintain time limits in which domestic and international transfer passengers can reach their connecting gates at the airports. We focus on how simulation is used to evaluate an airline's minimum connect time criteria with respect to the design and operational policies at its hub airports. We consider a case study of Delta Air Lines' new planned state-of-the-art facility at John F. Kennedy International Airport to illustrate the significant role simulation played in the planning stages of an airport design.
Tungsten oxide based media for optical data storage and switching applications (1999)

We report recent research into laser chemical processes involving tungsten oxide and similar materials having applications in optical data storage and switching. The basic properties of these processes and media are presented with particular attention being directed towards switching times, threshold power requirements and choices of process wavelengths. These characteristics define the architectures of both individual storage and switching devices as well as systems composed of these devices. We discuss these characteristics in term of available components for implementing actual devices and systems. Finally, tungsten oxide technology is presented in the context of competing magneto-optic and phase change technology.
13C NMR study of presence of uron structures in amino adhesives and relation with wood‐based panels performance (2013)

ABSTRACT The chemical structure of amino adhesives produced by the strongly acid process was investigated by 13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. This technique allowed the identification of functional groups and its quantitative determination. Concentration of cyclic polymeric structures (urons) was shown to be related with adhesive performance and with particleboard physico‐mechanical properties and formaldehyde content. Higher urons concentration presented lower viscosity and reactivity. Particleboards produced with resins with lower urons concentration presented lower formaldehyde content, but also lower internal bond strength. Wood‐based panels produced fulfilled E1 class requirements for formaldehyde emissions, indicating that strongly acid process is an alternative to the conventional alkaline–acid process. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4500–4507, 2013
Effect of the adsorbate stiffness on the resonance response of microcantilever sensors (2006)

The authors present a theoretical model to predict the resonance frequency shift due to molecule adsorption on micro- and nanocantilevers. They calculate the frequency shift experienced by cantilevers made of either silicon or the polymer SU-8, when two adsorbates, myosin protein and an alkanethiol, are attached to the cantilever surface. They demonstrate that the effect of the adsorbate stiffness can be comparable or even larger than the mass effect, producing positive frequency shifts. The results provide methods for decoupling both opposite effects and routes for the design of resonators with high sensitivity to molecule adsorption based on either stiffness or mass effects.
A low cost environmental chamber for multiplexed cancer biosensor arrays (2014)

A low cost environmental chamber for supporting multiplexed live cell diagnostic and therapeutic testing is presented. The chamber is designed to be compatible with standard twenty-four and ninety-six well plates. In addition, an insert was designed to allow the chamber to interface to a micro-fluidic shear flow sensor. The chamber provides a low cost alternative to microscope enclosure and allows multiplexed optical and electrical impedance measurements to be performed on cells as a continuous function of time. The results of this work demonstrates the potential to reduce the barrier to entry to investigators performing multiplexed optical and impedance measurements. The ability to simultaneously compare optical microscopy images with cellular micro-impedance and other biosensor readings significantly improve the capacity to diagnosis and study new and existing pharmaceutical agents.
High-power heterogeneously integrated waveguide-coupled balanced photodiodes on silicon-on-insulator (2015)

We demonstrate InP-based modified uni-traveling carrier balanced photodiodes integrated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides with an internal responsivity of 0.78 A/W, 14 GHz bandwidth, and >20 dB common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The unsaturated RF output power reaches 15.2 dBm at 20 GHz.
Ausgewählte wissenschaftliche Originalarbeiten der letzten 15 Jahre zur kardiovaskulären Wirkung von PETN (2001)

Die Verfügbarkeit von wissenschaftlichen Originalarbeiten ist durch das „World Wide Web“ wesentlich verbessert worden. Noch während meiner Doktorarbeit vor 12 Jahren waren langwierige und mühselige Recherchen in der Universitätsbibliothek notwendig, um sich zu einem bestimmten Thema wenigstens annähernd einen Überblick zu verschaffen. Heute braucht man für eine Literaturrecherche eine Bibliothek nur noch dann zu betreten, wenn die Universität nicht über die Lizenz für den Zugang zu den elektronischen Vollversionen der Artikel verfügt. Dennoch kann man sich auch in dieser Situation wenigstens eine Vorstellung vom Inhalt der Arbeit machen, denn die Kurzzusammenfassungen (Abstrakts) sind im „Web“ lizenzfrei verfügbar.