gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Modeling Study of Metal Cutting With Abrasive Waterjets (1984)

An experimental and theoretical investigation was conducted to study the cutting of ductile metals with high-velocity abrasive jets. The investigation involved experimental cutting tests, visualization experiments, and model development. Data were generated to study the effects of abrasive-jet parameters on the depth and quality of cuts produced. These parameters included waterjet pressure, waterjet diameter, abrasive material, particle size, abrasive flow rate, traverse rate, and number of passes. The penetration process was found to be cyclic and to consist of more than one cutting regime as the kerf developed. In the first regime, particles impact the kerf wall at shallow angles, and cutting wear occurs; in the second, particles impact at large angles, causing deformation wear. A simplified model was developed to determine the optimum set of parameters for efficient high-quality machining of ductile metals. The model requires further refinement, however, to provide definitive results.
A sensitive and specific assay for the serological diagnosis of antilaminin 332 mucous membrane pemphigoid (2018)

The novel IF-based assay will facilitate the serological diagnosis of antilaminin 332 MMP and may help to identify patients at risk of a malignancy.
The Human Proteinase-activated Receptor-3 (PAR-3) Gene (1998)

Proteolytically activated receptors (PARs) represent an emerging subset of seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that mediate cell activation events by receptor cleavage at distinct scissile bonds located within receptor amino termini. Differential genomic blotting using a yeast artificial chromosome known to contain the PAR-1 and PAR-2 genes identified the PAR-3 gene within a PAR gene cluster spanning approximately 100 kilobases at 5q13. The PAR-3 gene is relatively small (approximately 12 kilobases); and, like the PAR-1 and PAR-2 genes, it displays a two-exon structure, with the majority of the coding sequence and the proteolytic cleavage site contained within the larger second exon. Sequence analysis of the 5'-flanking region demonstrates that the promoter is TATA-less, similar to that seen with PAR-1, with the identification of nucleic acid motifs potentially involved in transcriptional gene regulation, including AP-1, GATA, and octameric sequences. PAR-3 transcripts were apparent in human vascular endothelial cells, although at considerably lower levels than those of PAR-1 and not significantly modulated by the endothelial cell stimulus tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Likewise, although PAR-3 mRNA was evident in human platelets, receptor cell surface expression was modest (approximately 10%) compared with that of PAR-1. Thus, although PAR-3 is postulated to represent a second thrombin receptor, its modest endothelial cell and platelet expression suggest that PAR-3 activation by alpha-thrombin is less relevant for physiological responses in these mature cells. Rather, given its disparately greater expression in megakaryocytes (and megakaryocyte-like human erythroleukemia cells), a regulatory role in cellular development (by protease activation) could be postulated.
Pinning Effect of Fe(ClO) and Ti(ClO) Compounds on Cu Grain Growth in Very Narrow Cu Wires (2015)

We have clarified that the grain growth of Cu in very narrow Cu wires is reduced by the pinning effect of Fe(ClO) and Ti(ClO) compounds at a grain boundary based on results of a nano-order-analysis of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (Cs-corrected STEM) observations and an ab initio calculation. From the calculation, we estimated the segregation energy for the Fe(ClO) and Ti(ClO) compound impurities at the Cu grain boundary. Combining the ab initio calculation and measurement results, we proposed a pinning mechanism to suppress the grain boundary movement.
RAD50 regulates mitotic progression independent of DNA repair functions (2019)

The Mre11A/RAD50/NBN complex (MRN) is an essential regulator of the cellular damage response after DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). More recent work has indicated that MRN may also impact on the duration of mitosis. We show here that RAD50-deficient fibroblasts exhibit a marked delay in mitotic progression that can be rescued by lentiviral transduction of RAD50. The delay was observed throughout all mitotic phases in live cell imaging using GFP-labeled H2B as a fluorescent marker. In complementation assays with RAD50 phosphorylation mutants, modifications at Ser635 had little effect on mitotic progression. By contrast with RAD50, fibroblast strains deficient in ATM or NBN did not show a significant slowing of mitotic progression. Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) fibroblasts with nuclease-deficient MRE11A (p.W210C) tended to show slower mitosis, though by far not as significant as RAD50-deficient cells. Inhibitor studies indicated that ATM kinase activity might not grossly impact on mitotic progression, while treatment with MRE11A inhibitor PFM39 modestly prolonged mitosis. Inhibition of ATR kinase significantly prolonged mitosis but this effect was mostly independent of RAD50 status. Taken together, our data unravel a mitotic role of RAD50 that can be separated from its known functions in DNA repair.
On the merits of building categorization systems by supervised clustering (1999)

This paper investigates the use of supervised clustering in order to create sets of categories for classification of documents.
High Resolution Microscopy of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Coatings (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Enhanced Anti-Myeloma Activity by Combination of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) Inhibition, Proteasome Inhibition, and Dexamethasone: Therapeutic Implications for t(4;14) and t(14;16) Multiple Myeloma (MM) Subgroups. (2005)

Abstract Novel antineoplastic agents have opened perspectives to more selective treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Targets include FGFR3 or c-maf and VEGFR1 expressed in MM subgroups carrying t(4;14)(p16.4;q32) or t(14;16)(q32;q23), respectively. The t(4;14) MM subgroup, overexpressing FGFR3, has been recently demonstrated to be sensitive to induction of apoptosis by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors [Bisping, Blood102, 661, 2003; Podar, Blood103, 3474, 2004; Trudel, Blood105, 2941, 2005]. The present study aimed at investigating mechanisms of enhanced anti-myeloma effects of BIBF 1000, a highly selective RTK inhibitor, blocking VEGF and FGF dependent signaling, in combination with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and/or dexamethasone in cytogenetically defined MM subgroups. MM cells analyzed included a panel of five t(4;14) and six t(14;16) positive myeloma cell lines as well as fourteen CD138+ sorted primary MM cells with or without t(4;14) (3/11). We found a significant, dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in t(4;14)+ MM lines (4/5) as well as in primary t(4;14)+ CD138+ sorted marrow derived MM cells (3/3) by incubation with the RTK inhibitor BIBF 1000. Coincubation with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, or dexamethasone, or their combination revealed stepwise increased apoptosis in non RAS-mutated t(4;14)+ MM (4/4). Induction of apoptosis by BIBF 1000 in t(4;14)+ cells was associated with inhibition of the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK p44/42). In contrast, inhibition of MAPK-phosphorylation failed and induction of apoptosis did not appear in n-RAS-mutated t(4;14)+ NCI-H929 cells. In t(14;16)+ MM cells, variable proapoptotic effects of BIBF 1000 (in 5 of 6 lines tested) were significantly enhanced by dexamethasone and/or bortezomib. Interleukin-6 partially antagonized and the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD almost completely reverted induced apoptosis upon exposure to these combinations. In t(14;16)+ MM.1S cells, induction of apoptosis by BIBF 1000 was associated with inhibition of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase/AKT pathway. When combining BIBF 1000, bortezomib, and/or dexamethasone, we found a markedly higher proportion of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and PARP in t(4;14) and t(14;16) MM, while caspase-9 was not activated. The data provide the rationale for clinical evaluation of a combination of this class of targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors and dexamethasone in MM with focus on defined cytogenetic subgroups.
Algebraic DOA estimation and tracking using ULV decomposition (2003)

Blind beamforming is an important technique that is used to determine signal sources from the original signals mixed with additive noise and to estimate their direction of arrival (DOA). Before recovering the DOA information, it is necessary to preprocess the data matrix to decorrelate and normalize the mixed sources before applying nonlinear algorithms for the signal separation. A popular choice for the preprocessor has been based on the singular value decomposition (SVD). In this paper we propose an alternative preprocessor based on the ULV decomposition (ULVD). We compare both in an algebraic beamformer in terms of performance and accuracy.
High frequency high field permeability of patterned Ni80Fe20 and Ni45Fe55 thin films (2001)

High frequency high field permeability of patterned Ni80Fe20 and Ni45Fe55 thin films was measured from lithographically defined toroids. Measurement frequency is up to 500 MHz and excitation field up to 5 Oe. Permeability rolloff is calculated from the inductance data. In this experiment, patterned widths range from 30 down to 0.5 μm. Our data suggest that the rotational permeability measured at low field excitation is sufficient to predict high frequency characteristics. The rotational permeability decreases with decreasing patterned width. The 0.5 μm wide permalloy device has μ of 80 and the Ni45Fe55 50.
FOXA1 potentiates lineage-specific enhancer activation through modulating TET1 expression and function (2016)

Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) is an FKHD family protein that plays pioneering roles in lineage-specific enhancer activation and gene transcription. Through genome-wide location analyses, here we show that FOXA1 expression and occupancy are, in turn, required for the maintenance of these epigenetic signatures, namely DNA hypomethylation and histone 3 lysine 4 methylation. Mechanistically, this involves TET1, a 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase. We found that FOXA1 induces TET1 expression via direct binding to its cis-regulatory elements. Further, FOXA1 physically interacts with the TET1 protein through its CXXC domain. TET1 thus co-occupies FOXA1-dependent enhancers and mediates local DNA demethylation and concomitant histone 3 lysine 4 methylation, further potentiating FOXA1 recruitment. Consequently, FOXA1 binding events are markedly reduced following TET1 depletion. Together, our results suggest that FOXA1 is not only able to recognize but also remodel the epigenetic signatures at lineage-specific enhancers, which is mediated, at least in part, by a feed-forward regulatory loop between FOXA1 and TET1.
Fasting Serum C‐Peptide Levels Predict Cardiovascular and Overall Death in Nondiabetic Adults (2012)

Background Insulin resistance, characterized by hyperinsulinemia and normal or elevated serum glucose, is an established precursor to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Despite fasting serum C‐peptide levels being an accurate and stable marker of endogenous insulin production used in patients with diabetes, it is unknown whether C‐peptide could serve as a marker of insulin resistance and predict outcomes in patients without diabetes. Method and Results This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the NHANES ‐3 (1988–1994) survey with mortality follow‐up through D ecember 31, 2006. Participants included 5153 subjects, 40 to 74 years of age with fasting glucose ≥70 mg/dL, without diabetes by history or laboratory testing. Receiver‐operating‐curve analysis compared fasting C‐peptide against known insulin resistance measures such as fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, HOMA ‐ IR , quantitative‐insulin‐sensitivity‐check‐index, and metabolic syndrome for the prediction of cardiovascular and overall death. Subjects were then stratified by quartiles of C‐peptide levels. C ox proportional‐hazards modeling compared hazards of cardiovascular and overall death amongst C‐peptide quartiles and adjusted for potential confounders of cardiovascular and diabetes risk. Fasting serum C‐peptide levels predicted cardiovascular and overall death better than other studied measures ( AUC =0.62 and 0.60 respectively vs the rest, with AUC ≤0.58 and ≤0.57 respectively, P &lt;0.001). When compared with the lowest C‐peptide quartile, subjects in the highest quartile had significantly higher adjusted hazard ratios ( HR ) of cardiovascular death ( HR =1.60, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.39) and overall mortality ( HR =1.72, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.21) after controlling for confounders. Conclusions C‐peptide levels significantly related to hazards of cardiovascular and overall death in nondiabetic adults and was a better predictor of these outcomes than serum insulin and/or glucose derived measures.
Free-standing graphene on microstructured silicon vertices for enhanced field emission properties (2012)

Controlled deposition of graphene in different orientations relative to the substrate is challenging and majority of existing deposition methods lead to sheets that lay flat on the substrate surface, limiting the potential applications in which the exposed sheet surface area and the atomically thin edges of graphene are exploited. Here we describe a simple and general solution-based methodology for the fabrication of random arrays of free-standing few-layer graphene (FLG) flakes on micro-spikes engraved on Si substrates. This should greatly benefit applications using free-standing graphene, such as in energy storage/conversion devices and bright electron sources. As a proof of concept, it is shown that the FLG sheets protruding on the top of micro-spikes are good electron emitters with turn-on fields as low as 2.3 V μm(-1) and field enhancement of few thousands. The emission performance and long-term stability achieved by this hierarchical deposition process are superior to that of planar graphene sheets and demonstrate promise for applications. Mechanisms leading to formation of free-standing FLG flakes are discussed.
Antimicrobial susceptibility changes and T-OMP shifts in pyrithione-passaged planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (2002)

This study indicates that acquired susceptibility changes towards sub-MICs of selected biocides are multifactorial in nature.
Cablegation: IV. The Bypass Method and Cutoff Outlets to Improve Water Distribution (1984)

ABSTRACT TWO techniques of improving the water distribution characteristics of cablegation systems are proposed and evaluated. The bypass method, which largely eliminates the problem of end effects, involves starting the plug at the first outlet and initially bypassing most of the flow to the downstream end of the pipeline, which is plugged. As the plug moves down the pipe, the bypass flow gradually decreases to zero. This method nearly equalizes the inflow distribution to all furrows and allows the use of a constant outlet opening size. The bypass can be accomplished by using a parallel bypass pipe and weir, or with a flow-through bypass plug. The bypass plug appears to be the lower cost method and is as effective as the weir in controlling the bypass. The second technique deals with the low outlet flows during the fmal stages of a set which are insufficient to reach the end of the furrows such that excess water is applied to the upper ends of the furrows. Two types of cutoff outlets, a gravity valve and a siphon type outlet were designed to abruptly cut off the flow at about the same time that runoff ceases, thus maximizing the uniformity of infiltration. The cutoff outlets are recommended for soils having relatively high sustained intake rates.
Proposal for a topological plasmon spin rectifier (2011)

We propose a device in which the spin-polarized ac plasmon mode in the surface state of a topological insulator nanostructure induces a static spin accumulation in a resonant, normal metal structure coupled to it. Using a finite-difference time-domain model, we simulate this spin-pump mechanism with drift, diffusion, relaxation, and precession in a magnetic field. This optically driven system can serve as a dc “spin battery” for spintronic devices.
Categorizing Sexism and Misogyny through Neural Approaches (2021)

Sexism, an injustice that subjects women and girls to enormous suffering, manifests in blatant as well as subtle ways. In the wake of growing documentation of experiences of sexism on the web, the automatic categorization of accounts of sexism has the potential to assist social scientists and policymakers in studying and thereby countering sexism. The existing work on sexism classification has certain limitations in terms of the categories of sexism used and/or whether they can co-occur. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on the multi-label classification of sexism of any kind(s). 1 We also consider the related task of misogyny classification. While sexism classification is performed on textual accounts describing sexism suffered or observed, misogyny classification is carried out on tweets perpetrating misogyny. We devise a novel neural framework for classifying sexism and misogyny that can combine text representations obtained using models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers with distributional and linguistic word embeddings using a flexible architecture involving recurrent components and optional convolutional ones. Further, we leverage unlabeled accounts of sexism to infuse domain-specific elements into our framework. To evaluate the versatility of our neural approach for tasks pertaining to sexism and misogyny, we experiment with adapting it for misogyny identification. For categorizing sexism, we investigate multiple loss functions and problem transformation techniques to address the multi-label problem formulation. We develop an ensemble approach using a proposed multi-label classification model with potentially overlapping subsets of the category set. Proposed methods outperform several deep-learning as well as traditional machine learning baselines for all three tasks.
Quarter-flux Hofstadter lattice in a qubit-compatible microwave cavity array (2018)

Topological and strongly correlated materials are exciting frontiers in condensed-matter physics, married prominently in studies of the fractional quantum Hall effect [H. L. Stormer et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, S298 (1999)], There is an active effort to develop synthetic materials where the microscopic dynamics and ordering arising from the interplay of topology and interaction may be directly explored. In this work, we demonstrate an architecture for exploration of topological matter constructed from tunnel-coupled, time-reversal-broken microwave cavities that are both low loss and compatible with Josephson-junction-mediated interactions [A. Wallraff et al., Nature (London) 431, 162 (2004)]. Following our proposed protocol [B. M. Anderson et al., Phys. Rev. X 6, 041043 (2016)], we implement a square lattice Hofstadter model at a quarter flux per plaquette ($\ensuremath{\alpha}=1/4$), with time-reversal symmetry broken through the chiral Wannier orbital of resonators coupled to yttrium-iron-garnet spheres. We demonstrate site-resolved spectroscopy of the lattice, time-resolved dynamics of its edge channels, and a direct measurement of the dispersion of the edge channels. Finally, we demonstrate the flexibility of the approach by erecting a tunnel barrier and investigating dynamics across it. With the introduction of Josephson junctions to mediate interactions between photons, this platform is poised to explore strongly correlated topological quantum science in a synthetic system.
Investigation of partial discharge characteristics induced by X‐ray irradiation in artificial cavity in epoxy resin (2013)

Summary It is crucial for proper insulation design of cast resin transformers to consider voids and delamination which might exist in cast molding because of several surface boundaries between resin and conductor. Such defects in the insulator lead to reduction of the life of the apparatus. This paper deals with an investigation of the relation between the void size and apparent charge of partial discharge ( PD ) occurring in a model simulating the insulation system of a cast resin transformer by applying X‐ray irradiation to the sample. The relation between the void size and PD inception voltage and the phase resolved PD pattern are also investigated. The effect of attenuation of the X‐ray irradiation dose on the time lag to PD initiation was also discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 184(4): 1–9, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.22418
Supplementary Table 1 from Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Is a Zac Target Gene Mediating Zac Antiproliferation (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Is a Zac Target Gene Mediating Zac Antiproliferation
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene targeting fidelity depends on a transformation method and proportion of the overall length of the transforming and targeted DNA (2017)

Gene replacement is one of the most essential approaches in construction of the genetically modified yeast strains. However, the fidelity of gene targeting and the effort needed for construction of a particular strain can vary significantly. We investigated the influence of two important factors-the choice of the transformation method and the design of the transforming DNA fragment, which can vary in overall length (including flanking regions and selectable marker) compared to the length of the targeted region in the genome. Gene replacement fidelity was determined in several assays using electroporation and spheroplast transformation, and compared with our previous results obtained by lithium acetate. We have demonstrated clearly that gene targeting fidelity depends on the transformation protocol, being highest for lithium acetate method. In contrast, lower fidelity was observed with electroporation and spheroplast transformation. Additionally, the fidelity also depends on a design of the transformation assay, since a higher overall length ratio of the transforming DNA and targeted region results in higher fidelity. Moreover, the karyotype analysis of the aberrant transformants by qPCR demonstrates that gene targeting can result in diploidisation of haploid strains, most likely via targeted chromosome duplication followed by subsequent duplication of other chromosomes.
Event-triggered communication for distributed time synchronization in WSNs (2015)

In order to reduce the energy consumption of time synchronization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this paper proposes a distributed event-triggered communication algorithm for time synchronization. The clock feature of each node is modeled as the discrete-time second-order state equation, each node in the network determines whether and when to broadcast its local time to its neighbors based on an event-triggered mechanism. For each node in the network, the trigger condition is designed based on the errors between the present states and states last transmitted, together with the disagreements on states last transmitted among neighboring nodes. Finally, simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.