gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper-mediated hydroxylation of an arene: model system for the action of copper monooxygenases. Structures of a binuclear copper(I) complex and its oxygenated product (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopper-mediated hydroxylation of an arene: model system for the action of copper monooxygenases. Structures of a binuclear copper(I) complex and its oxygenated productKenneth D. Karlin, Jon C. Hayes, Yilma Gultneh, Richard W. Cruse, Jeffrey W. McKown, John P. Hutchinson, and Jon ZubietaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 7, 2121–2128Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00319a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00319a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1640Altmetric-Citations272LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Predicting psychrometric conditions in biocontaminant microenvironments with a microclimate heat and moisture transfer model - description and field comparison (2004)

Biocontaminants such as dust-mites and molds can pose serious health problems. Understanding microclimates in biocontaminant microhabitats, when coupled with biologic models, will make it possible to predict how the life cycles of these biocontaminants are affected as these conditions change. In turn, this will suggest which interventions that modify indoor climate and microclimate are likely to control these biocontaminants. Furthermore such interventions might include indoor humidity control, changing building insulation and ventilation levels, covering mattresses, use of electric blankets, use of carpet heating, etc. Such models will provide a fast way for screening for interventions that are likely to be effective in the control of biocontaminants.
The synthesis of novel heteroaryl-fused 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-azepino[1,2-a]indoles, 4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1,4]diazepino[1,7-a]indoles and 1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-[1,4]oxazepino[4,5-a]indoles. Effective inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase (2011)

Three synthetic approaches have been developed that allow efficient access to novel heteroaryl fused indole ring systems, including: 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-azepino[1,2-a]indoles, 4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1,4]diazepino[1,7-a]indoles and 1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-[1,4]oxazepino[4,5-a]indoles. Each strategy is fully exemplified and the relative merits and limitations of the approaches are discussed. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural 5B (NS5B) polymerase inhibitory activities of select examples from each molecular class are briefly presented.
International road tunnel fire detection research project (2008)

Fire detection systems are essential fire protection elements for road tunnels to detect fires, activate safety systems and direct evacuation and firefighting. However, the information on the performance of these systems is limited and the guidelines for application of tunnel fire detection systems are not fully developed. The National Research Council of Canada and the Fire Protection Research Foundation, with support of government, industry and private sector organizations, have initiated a project to investigate current fire detection technologies for road tunnel protection. The two year project, which included full scale laboratory in and in-situ examination of detection system performance, was completed in February of 2008. This paper describes the detailed research program and summarizes project findings (A). For the covering abstract of the conference se ITRD E216860.
Radial vibration of a slit-type annular ultrasonic concentrator (2015)

The radial vibration characteristic of an annular ultrasonic concentrator with multislits is studied.Based on the electro-mechanical analogy and by introducing an area ratio coefficient,the radial vibrational equivalent circuit and the frequency equation of the concentrator are derived.The radial displacement amplitude magnification factor of it is obtained.By numerical calculating,the relationship between the radial displacement amplitude magnification factor,the resonance frequency of the concentrator at the first and second resonance and its radius ratio are investigated.Also,the relationship between the radial displacement amplitude magnification factor,the resonance frequency of the concentrator and the length,the angle and the number of the silts are analyzed.It is illustrated that a maximum of displacement amplitude magnification factor of the concentrator appears with the increase of the radius ratio,and the amplitude magnification factor increase as the length,the angle and the number of the silts increase,while the radial resonance frequency of the concentrator decreases as the length,the angle and the number of the silts increase.The theoretical resonance frequencies are in good agreement with that of the FEM simulations and measurement.
Cortical Responses in Rats Predict Perceptual Sensitivities to Complex Sounds. (2005)

The common assumption that perceptual sensitivities are related to neural representations of sensory stimuli has seldom been directly demonstrated. The authors analyzed the similarity of spike trains evoked by complex sounds in the rat auditory cortex and related cortical responses to performance in an auditory task. Rats initially learned to identify 2 highly different periodic, frequency-modulated sounds and then were tested with increasingly similar sounds. Rats correctly classified most novel sounds; their accuracy was negatively correlated with acoustic similarity. Rats discriminated novel sounds with slower modulation more accurately than sounds with faster modulation. This asymmetry was consistent with similarities in cortical representations of the sounds, demonstrating that perceptual sensitivities to complex sounds can be predicted from the cortical responses they evoke.
Effect of Starch Paste Concentration on Particle Size Distribution of Fine Granules Produced by Agitation Granulation. (1995)

Particle size distribution of fine granules produced by agitation granulation was investigated as a function of the concentration of starch paste. The time course of granulation was investigated in a high speed type mixer using 5% starch paste having a good fluidity and 15% starch paste having no fluidity at all, like a gel. In agitation granulation, aggregation and deaggregation of particles and/or granules occurred simultaneously.At a low concentration of starch paste, massing of the granules, namely the growth of granules, occured mainly during the agitation granulation, since the relatively large amount of free water was available from the paste. Therefore, in this case, only the mean size shifted toward a larger measurement without any change in the width of the granules during the granulation.At a high concentration of starch paste, rapid deaggregation of granules by shear force applied occurred following the formation of large granules immediately after the addition of paste. Since a small amount of water exudes from the paste during the agitation, massing proceeds slowly. This means that in the case of granulation using a high concentration of starch paste, deaggregation proceeds predominantly, so that the size distribution of the granules becomes more narrow. Fine granules may be produced by agitation granulation when a high concentration of starch paste is used and when granulation is executed under sufficient shear or rotation speed that guarantees satisfactory dispersion of the gel.
Electrophoretic assembly of nanozeolites: zeolite coated fibers and hollow zeolite fibers (2001)

Zeolite coated fibers with compact and full deposits have been fabricated by electrophoretic deposition of nanozeolites onto carbon fibers, whereafter hollow zeolite fibers have been obtained by calcination to remove the substrates.
Estimation of epicardial strain using the motions of coronary bifurcations in biplane cineangiography (1992)

A quantitative method is described for estimating epicardial deformation from the motion of the superficial arteries. A structural model of the time-varying surface is constructed using tensor product basis functions which are bicubic Hermite in the spatial domain and sinusoidal in the temporal domain. The loci of the superficial coronary arteries are reconstructed interactively at diastasis and the bifurcations are tracked semiautomatically throughout a cardiac cycle. An initial surface is fitted to the vessels at diastasis and is subsequently deformed under the influence of the bifurcations. The Lagrange-Green strain tensor is used to obtain a complete description of surface strain over the entire region spanned by the model. The calculated deformation field varies smoothly over space and time and is not constrained by assumptions of isotropy or piecewise homogeneity. Results are presented for a single cycle of a human heart.
An Exponential Core in the Heart of the Yeast Protein Interaction Network (2004)

Protein interactions in the budding yeast have been shown to form a scale-free network, a feature of other organized networks such as bacterial and archaeal metabolism and the World Wide Web. Here, we study the connections established by yeast proteins and discover a preferential attachment between essential proteins. The essential-essential connections are long ranged and form a subnetwork where the giant component includes 97% of these proteins. Unexpectedly, this subnetwork displays an exponential connectivity distribution, in sharp contrast to the scale-free topology of the complete network. Furthermore, the wide phylogenetic extent of these core proteins and interactions provides evidence that they represent the ancestral state of the yeast protein interaction network. Finally, we propose that this core exponential network may represent a generic scaffold around which organism-specific and taxon-specific proteins and interactions coalesce.
Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Gastric Ulcer Formation and Healing: Possible Mechanisms of Action (1998)

Epidemiologic studies have shown that cigarette smoking is closely related to peptic ulcer disease. The mechanisms by which cigarette smoking adversely affects gastric mucosa have been suggested and elucidated. This article reviews some of the mechanisms involved in cigarette smoking-related gastric ulceration and healing. Experimental findings suggest that cigarette smoking increases xanthine oxidase activity, leukotrienes, and nitric oxide production and also neutrophil infiltration in the gastric mucosa. On the other hand, it reduces blood flow, prostaglandin production, epithelial cell proliferation, and formation of blood vessels in the tissue. These actions are important for ulcer formation and healing. The evidence thus far available strengthens the hypothesis that cigarette smoke is indeed harmful to gastric mucosa through defined mechanisms.
Performance measurements of a concurrent production system architecture without global synchronization (1995)

The use of the serializability criterion of correctness allows the elimination of global synchronization in production system machines. We present an extensive performance evaluation of a concurrent production system architecture that is based on serializability and takes advantage of modern associative memory devices to allow parallel production firing, concurrent matching, and overlap among matching, selection, and firing of productions. We study the cost effectiveness of associative memory components, and verify the conjecture that bus bandwidth is not a limitation in the architecture. A parallel machine that does global synchronization before every production firing is used as a reference for the comparative studies.
A smart middleware to detect on-off trust attacks in the Internet of Things (2018)

Security is a key concern in Internet of Things (IoT) designs. In a heterogeneous and complex environment, service providers and service requesters must trust each other. On-off attack is a sophisticated trust threat in which a malicious device can perform good and bad services randomly to avoid being rated as a low trust node. Some countermeasures demands prior level of trust knowing and time to classify a node behavior. In this paper, we introduce a Smart Middleware that automatically assesses the IoT resources trust, evaluating service providers attributes to protect against On-off attacks.
Mixtures of Anionic-Cationic Surfactants: A New Approach for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Low-Salinity, High-Temperature Sandstone Reservoir (2014)

Abstract Test results from mixtures of anionic-cationic surfactants significantly broaden the application scope for conventional chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery methods; these mixtures produced ultra low Critical Micelle Concentrations (CMC) as well as ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) and high oil solubilization that promote high oil recovery. Mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants with molar excess of anionic surfactant for EOR applications are described herein. Physical chemistry properties, such as surface tension, CMC, surface excess and area per molecule of individual surfactants and their mixtures were measured by Wilhelmy Plate Method. Morphologies of surfactant solutions, both surfactant-polymer (SP) and alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP), were studied by Cryo TEM. Phase behaviors were recorded by visual inspection including with crossed polarizers at different surfactant concentrations and different temperatures. Interfacial tensions between normal octane, crude oil and surfactant solution were measured by spinning drop tensiometer method. Properties of interfacial tension, viscosity and thermal stability of surfactant, surfactant-polymer, and alkaline-surfactant-polymer solutions, were also tested. Static adsorption on sandstone was measured at reservoir temperature. IFT was measured before and after multiple contact adsorptions to recognize the influence of adsorption on interfacial properties. Forced displacements were conducted by flooding with water, polymer, SP and ASP. The core flooding experiments were conducted with water made of a simulated formation brine having approximately 5000 ppm TDS, and with a crude oil from a Sinopec reservoir.
Homo‐phytochelatins are heavy metal‐binding peptides of homo‐glutathione containing Fabales (1986)

Exposure of several species of the order Fabales to Cd 2+ results in the formation of metal chelating peptides of the general structure (γ‐Glu‐Cys) n ‐β‐Ala ( n = 2–7). They are assumed to be formed from homo‐glutathione and are termed homo‐phytochelatins, as they are homologous to the recently discovered phytochelatins. These peptides are induced by a number of metals such as Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , Hg 2+ , Pb 2+ , AsO 4 − and others. They are assumed to detoxify poisonous heavy metals and to be involved in metal homeostasis.
Multi-modal imaging for assessment of tissue-engineered bone in a critical-sized calvarial defect mouse model (2015)

Tissue-engineered bone (TEB) analysis in vivo relies heavily on tissue histological and end-point evaluations requiring the sacrifice of animals at specific time points. Due to differences in animal response to implanted tissues, the conventional analytical methods to evaluate TEB can introduce data inconsistencies. Additionally, the conventional methods increase the number of animals required to provide an acceptable statistical power for hypothesis testing. Alternatively, our non-invasive optical imaging allows for the longitudinal analysis of regenerating tissue, where each animal acts as its own control, thus reducing overall animal numbers. In our 6 month feasibility study, TEB, consisting of a silk protein scaffold with or without differentiated mesenchymal stem cells, was implanted in a critical-sized calvarial defect mouse model. Osteogenesis of the TEB was monitored through signal variation, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging with IRDye® 800CW BoneTag<sup>TM</sup> (800CW BT, a bone-specific marker used to label osteogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells and mineralization). Histological endpoint measurements and computed tomography (CT) were used to confirm imaging findings. Anatomical MRI revealed decreased signal intensity, indicating mineralization, in the TEB compared to the control (i.e. silk scaffold only) at various growth stages. NIR optical imaging results demonstrated a signal intensity increase of the TEB compared to control. Interpretation of the imaging results were confirmed by histological analysis. Specifically, haematoxylin and eosin staining revealing de novo bone in TEB showed that 80% of the defect was covered by TEB, while only 40% was covered for the control. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of multi-modal non-invasive imaging to visualize and quantify TEB for the assessment of regenerative medicine strategies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of 1,3-dioxin-4-ones and their use in synthesis. XX. (6S, 7S, 10R)- and (6R, 7S, 10R)-7-isopropyl-10-metyyl-4-oxo-1,5-dioxaspiro(5.5)undec-2-enes; Synthesis and their use in enantiomerically pure corey lactone analogue synthesis. (1990)

Two chiral spirocyclic dioxinones (S-5 and R-5) useful in teh so-called de Mayo reaction as alternatives to β-diketones (enones) have been synthesized; they not only act as formylacetates (inactive by themselves as enones) but also display remarkable diastereofacial selectivities in photoaddition to alkenes. The sythesis of these dioxinones is described, together with a practicl one-pot synthesis of enantiomerically pure (1S, 4R)-(+)-6-formyl-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-6-en-3-one, the key intermediated of prostaglandin synthesis, from the (6S)-spirocyclic dioxinone (S-5).
Complexation of Fatty Acids and Fatty Acids‐CoAs with Synthetic O‐Methylated Polysaccharides (2007)

On p. 354 of this article, Scheme 1 should have appeared as shown below. The authors and editorial office apologise for the mistakes.1
An NAC domain transcription factor ATAF2 acts as transcriptional activator or repressor dependent on promoter context (2018)

The <i>ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA</i> ACTIVATION FACTOR 2 (ATAF2) protein has been demonstrated to be involved in various biological processes including biotic stress responses, photo morphogenesis, and auxin catabolism. However, the transcriptional function of ATAF2 currently remains elusive. Therefore, to further understand the molecular function of ATAF2, we evaluated the transcriptional activities of ATAF2 using a transient assay system in this study. We used an effector consisting of a GAL4-DNA binding domain (GAL4-BD) fused to ATAF2, and observed upregulated reporter gene expression, suggesting that ATAF2 potentially has transcriptional activation activity. ATAF2 has been shown to activate reporter gene expression under the control of the <i>ORE1</i> promoter. By contrast, ATAF2 significantly repressed reporter gene expression driven by the <i>NIT2</i> promoter. These data suggest that ATAF2 is a bifunctional transcription factor that can alter target gene expression depending on the promoter sequences.
The Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Adults—An Update for 2012: Practice Parameters with an Evidence-Based Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (2012)

A systematic literature review and meta-analyses (where appropriate) were performed to update the previous AASM practice parameters on the treatments, both dopaminergic and other, of RLS and PLMD. A considerable amount of literature has been published since these previous reviews were performed, necessitating an update of the corresponding practice parameters. Therapies with a STANDARD level of recommendation include pramipexole and ropinirole. Therapies with a GUIDELINE level of recommendation include levodopa with dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, opioids, gabapentin enacarbil, and cabergoline (which has additional caveats for use). Therapies with an OPTION level of recommendation include carbamazepine, gabapentin, pregabalin, clonidine, and for patients with low ferritin levels, iron supplementation. The committee recommends a STANDARD AGAINST the use of pergolide because of the risks of heart valve damage. Therapies for RLS secondary to ESRD, neuropathy, and superficial venous insufficiency are discussed. Lastly, therapies for PLMD are reviewed. However, it should be mentioned that because PLMD therapy typically mimics RLS therapy, the primary focus of this review is therapy for idiopathic RLS.
An Overview of the Retinal and Choroidal Changes and Their Influencing Factors after Treatment of Amblyopia (2022)

Purpose of Review: Amblyopia is the reduction in the best-corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes and the most common cause of the loss of vision in children. Previously, amblyopia was thought to have no organic lesions. However, the latest “Amblyopia Preferred Practice Pattern” of 2017 points out that in amblyopia, the eye structure is abnormal with a defective eye function, with few differences from the structure of contralateral non-amblyopic eyes. With the development of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography, it has been observed that even the ocular structure of amblyopic eyes is different from that of normal eyes. Here, we review studies investigating the changes in amblyopic eye structure upon treatment. Review Findings: The pathogenesis of amblyopia is controversial and not well-understood. The retina, choroid, and blood vessels of amblyopic eyes are different from those of normal eyes. Further, the various types of amblyopia are affected differently upon treatment. Because of the scarcity of studies and long-term follow-up observations, the underlying reason for such differences is unclear. Age, gender, and axial length are the influencing factors of the retina and choroid, and the relationship of these factors with amblyopia needs to be investigated further. Conclusion: This review will help us understand the pathogenesis of amblyopia and the underlying mechanism for the changes that occur upon treatment. Further, knowledge of the changes in ocular structure summarized here will be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia.
On the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors in anxiety and depression. (2002)

On the basis of extensive basic and clinical studies, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and its related family members are considered to play a pivotal role in stress-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression. CRH is regarded as the principal mediator in the brain of the stress response, as it mediates neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral responses to stressful challenges. Recently, this neuropeptide family has expanded due to the discovery of two new members, urocortin II (also termed stresscopin-related peptide) and urocortin III (also termed stresscopin), which are selective agonists for the CRH receptor type 2. They show a discrete neuroanatomical localization and are involved in stress-coping responses, such as anxiolysis. Here, on the basis of recent developments, we suggest that CRH, the urocortins, and their receptors form a complex system in the brain, which is recruited during both the acute and the recovery phases of the stress response.