gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct generation of optical vortex pulses (2012)

We demonstrate the direct generation of optical vortex pulses with stable energy and changeable orbital angular momentum. Single Laguerre-Gaussian (LG0,l) laser modes were directly generated using a laser diode with output intensity profile of doughnut distribution. With passive Q-switching, vortex pulses with stable energy were obtained. Moreover, the topological charge was changeable by variation of the pump power. By a mode-converter and second harmonic generation, the LG0,2l mode was identified. It can be proposed that this pulsed laser should have promising applications in various fields based on its compact structure, stable and high pulse energy, and changeable orbital angular momentum.
Gastric or Colonic Injury Increases Risk of Empyema Development after Traumatic Injury of the Diaphragm (2018)

Hu, Parker J. MD; Uhlich, Rindi MD; Kerby, Jeffrey D. MD, PhD, FACS; Bosarge, Patrick L. MD, FACS Author Information
The Normal Stress Effect in Solid-Liquid Dispersed System (1973)

Some flow behavior of the ZnO-water system was observed over a wide shearing range using three sorts of viscometers, and the following results were obtained:(1) For the concentrated systems, so-called extended Ostwald flow patterns were obtained.(2) In dilatant and even in III-Newtonian ranges, the remarkable dependence of flow curves on capillary dimensions was found, suggesting the distinct contribution of normal stress effect.(3) The normal stress difference determined by both PGB and jet expansion methods was always larger than the shearing stress.(4) The calculated values for (SS11-SS22)/SW were 6.0-11 for the 73.6wt% suspension and 5.8-8.6 for the 70.4wt% suspension, respectively.(5) The observed values of (S11-S22)PGB were always larger than those of (S11-S22)jet·
Change in Characteristics of Ethyleneglycol during Dissolving Calcium Oxide and its Suppression (2014)

Changes in solution properties of ethyleneglycol during dissolving calcium oxide were investigated in terms of reinvestigation of the ethyleneglycol method to determine free calcium oxide in steel slags precisely. Dissolution of calcium oxide into ethyleneglycol produced water as a result of chemical reaction between the both entities. As increase in the amounts of calcium oxide dissolved into ethyleneglycol, viscosity of the solution increased with being cloud. Dissolution of calcium oxide from 0.1 g to 0.6 g into 20 mL of ethyleneglycol made the solution a turbid gel. TOF-MS and LC-MS analyses confirmed that oligomerization of ethyleneglycol in the ethyleneglycol solution proceeded to produce many kinds of oligomers of ethyleneglycol. Addition of a partially-halogenated alcohol into the ethyleneglycol solution suppressed change in properties of the solvent, such as increase of viscosity, color development and gelation. Especially, addition of 2,2,2 -trifluoroethanol reduced the variation of analytical values of free calcium oxide contents in the steel slag even though slight decrease in the analytical values.
Bis(imino)phenoxide complexes of aluminium (2004)

Reaction of Me(3)Al (one equivalent) with the bis(imino)phenol, [2,6-(ArNCH)(2)-4-MeC(6)H(2)OH] (I)(Ar = 2,6-Pr(i)(2)C(6)H(3)) in toluene at ambient temperature yields the yellow complex [Me(2)Al[2,6-(ArNCH)(2)-4-MeC(6)H(2)O]](1). Interaction of two equivalents of Me(3)Al in refluxing toluene affords the red complex [(Me(2)Al)(2)[2-ArNCH(Me)-6-(ArNCH)-4-MeC(6)H(2)O]](2). Similar interaction (two equivalents, refluxing toluene) of MeAlCl(2) or (i)Bu(3)Al with [2,6-(ArNCH)(2)-4-MeC(6)H(2)OH] affords [ClAl[2,6-(ArNCH)(2)-4-MeC(6)H(2)O](2)](3) or [(i)Bu(2)Al[2,6-(ArNCH)(2)-4-MeC(6)H(2)O]](4), respectively. Hydrolysis of 2 readily affords the iminoaminophenol ligand [2-(ArN=CH)-6-ArNHCH(Me)-4-MeC(6)H(2)OH](II), which reacts further with Me(3)Al to afford [Me(2)Al[2-ArNCH(Me)-6-(ArNCH)-4-MeC(6)H(2)O]](5). An X-ray study on reveals bidentate imino-alkoxide ligation about the distorted aluminium centre, whereas is a binuclear structure with tetrahedral aluminiums ligated by imino-alkoxide and amido-alkoxide ligand fragments, respectively. For and bidentate imino-alkoxide ligation is observed.
Melting studies of dangling-ended DNA hairpins: effects of end length, loop sequence and biotinylation of loop bases (2002)

The effects of 3' single-strand dangling-ends of different lengths, sequence identity of hairpin loop, and hairpin loop biotinylation at different loop residues on DNA hairpin thermodynamic stability were investigated. Hairpins contained 16 bp stem regions and five base loops formed from the sequence, 5'-TAGTCGACGTGGTCC-N5-GGACCACGTCGACTAG-E(n)-3'. The length of the 3' dangling-ends (E(n)) was n = 13 or 22 bases. The identities of loop bases at positions 2 and 4 were varied. Biotinylation was varied at loop base positions 2, 3 or 4. Melting buffers contained 25 or 115 mM Na+. Average t(m) values for all molecules were 73.5 and 84.0 degrees C in 25 and 115 mM Na+, respectively. Average two-state parameters evaluated from van't Hoff analysis of the melting curve shapes in 25 mM Na+ were DeltaH(vH) = 84.8 +/- 15.5 kcal/mol, DeltaS(vH) = 244.8 +/- 45.0 cal/K.mol and DeltaG(vH) = 11.9 +/- 2.1 kcal/mol. In 115 mM Na+, two-state parameters were not very different at DeltaH(vH) = 80.42 +/- 12.74 kcal/mol, DeltaS(vH) = 225.24 +/- 35.88 cal/K.mol and DeltaG(vH) = 13.3 +/- 2.0 kcal/mol. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to test the validity of the two-state assumption and evaluated van't Hoff parameters. Thermodynamic parameters from DSC measurements (within experimental error) agreed with van't Hoff parameters, consistent with a two-state process. Overall, dangling-end DNA hairpin stabilities are not affected by dangling-end length, loop biotinylation or sequence and vary uniformly with [Na+]. Consider able freedom is afforded when designing DNA hairpins as probes in nucleic acid based detection assays, such as microarrays.
The geometry of 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-5-oxazolones and thiazolones: 1H and 13C studies and the crystal structure of 4-[(Z)-1-ethoxyethylidene]-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone (1985)

A series of E and Z isomers of substituted 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-5-oxazolones and thiazolones have been prepared and their 1 H and 13 C spectra recorded. The vinylic methyl 1 H chemical shifts showed minimal differences between E and Z isomers whereas the vinylic OCH 2 1 H signals differed by 0.15–0.43 ppm, with the Z isomer being consistently the more deshielded. Both vinylic methyl and OCH 2 groups showed different 13 C resonances for each isomer, with the Z isomers being the more deshielded. The Z geometry was conclusively defined for one isomer of 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone, 5, by X-ray crystallography and this was sufficient to assign the geometry of the remaining pairs of E and Z isomers. Oxazolone 5 has the space group P2 1 /n and cell dimensions a = 9.219(3), b = 19.899(5), c = 7.459(1) Å, β = 118.01(2)°, and has four formula units in the unit cell. Intensities were measured with use of MoKα radiation and a Nicolet P3 diffractometer. The crystal structure was determined by standard methods and refined to R 1 = 0.0709, R 2 = 0.0696 based on 1419 independent reflections. The molecule is essentially planar and most bond lengths and angles are normal. Exceptions are the very short C(olefin)—O(ether) bond (1.339(4) Å) and the large ether C—O—C angle (122.1(3)°) caused by extreme delocalization in the O(ether)CCCO(carbonyl) system. The planarity causes a number of strong intramolecular repulsive interactions, causing an exceptionally small external olefin angle, O(ether)CC(methyl), of 108.1(4)°. The ethoxyl side chain of 5 adopts a conformation in the solid state which places the methylene of the OCH 2 group adjacent to the oxazole ring nitrogen. This conformation is proposed to persist in solution phases and is consistent with the observed 13 C chemical shifts and known γ and δ substituent effects.
Hot press and roll welding of titanium-6-percent-aluminum-4-percent-vanadium bar and sheet with auto-vacuum cleaning (1972)

Hot press butt welds were made in 0.5 in. diameter bar, and roll lap welds were made in 0.060 in. thick sheet of Ti-6A1-4V. For hot press welds made after auto-vacuum cleaning at 1800 F for 2 hours, weld strength and ductility equaled the parent metal properties. Only 5 minutes of pressing time were needed at 1800 F and 200 psi to make the hot press welds. Roll welds were made in sheet at 1750 F with only 10 percent deformation. The welds in the bar and sheet were metallurgically indistinguishable from the parent material.
R and E: Communications and Intelligent Systems Division (LC) (2015)

This presentation is intended for the Ohio Federal Research Network's Centers of Excellence. The presentation provides an overview of the Communications and Intelligent Systems Division including current research and engineering work as well as future technology needs.
A citric acid solution is an optimal test drink in the 13C-urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. (1997)

The 13C-UBT procedure with citric acid as the test drink is superior to the previously proposed semiliquid test meals in terms of 13CO2 recovery, time requirement, and cost. In routine clinical sampling, collection at times 0 and 30 minutes seems to be optimal and gives a high diagnostic accuracy.
The essential role of hypermutation in rapid adaptation to antibiotic stress (2018)

Abstract A common outcome of antibiotic exposure in patients and in vitro is the evolution of a hypermutator phenotype that enables rapid adaptation by pathogens. While hypermutation is a robust mechanism for rapid adaptation, it requires trade-offs between the adaptive mutations and the more common “hitchhiker” mutations that accumulate from the increased mutation rate. Using quantitative experimental evolution, we examined the role of hypermutation in driving adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to colistin. Metagenomic deep sequencing revealed 2,657 mutations at &gt; 5% frequency in 1,197 genes and 761 mutations in 29 end point isolates. By combining genomic information, phylogenetic analyses, and statistical tests, we showed that evolutionary trajectories leading to resistance could be reliably discerned. In addition to known alleles such as pmrB, hypermutation allowed identification of additional adaptive alleles with epistatic relationships. Although hypermutation provided a short-term fitness benefit, it was detrimental to overall fitness. Alarmingly, a small fraction of the colistin adapted population remained colistin susceptible and escaped hypermutation. In a clinical population, such cells could play a role in re-establishing infection upon withdrawal of colistin. We present here a framework for evaluating the complex evolutionary trajectories of hypermutators that applies to both current and emerging pathogen populations. Importance Bacteria can increase mutation rates in response to stress as an evolutionary strategy to avoid extinction. However, the complex mutational landscape of hypermutators makes it difficult to distinguish truly adaptive mutations from hitchhikers that follow similar evolutionary trajectories. We provide a framework for evaluating the complex evolutionary trajectories of hypermutators that can be applied to both current and emerging pathogen populations. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa evolving to colistin as a model system, we examine the essential role of hypermutation in the evolution of resistance. Additionally, our results highlight the presence of a subset of cells that survive and remain susceptible during colistin exposure which can serve as a reservoir for re-infection upon withdrawal of the drug in clinical infections. This study provides a broad understanding of hypermutation during adaptation and describes a series of analyses that will be useful in identifying adaptive mutations in well annotated and novel bacterial mutator populations.
Probing of Metal-Binding Domains of RNA Hairpin Loops by Laser-Induced Lanthanide(III) Luminescence (2001)

Direct laser excitation of aqueous Eu(III) bound to specific RNA fragments was used to probe the metal-binding sites of the anticodon loop of tRNA(Phe) from E. coli and of a tetraloop containing a GNRA consensus sequence. Binding of Mg(II) or Eu(III) to either RNA fragment resulted in a higher melting transition, but no global change in structure was observed. Aqueous Eu(III) exhibits a single weak excitation peak at 17273 cm(-1), the intensity of which increased upon addition of the tRNA loop fragment. Analysis of incremental increases in the luminescence intensity upon complexation with the tRNA loop indicated a stoichiometry of one high-affinity Eu(III)-binding site per loop fragment, with a Kd of 1.3 +/- 0.2 microM. Competition experiments between Eu(III) and Mg(II) were consistent with the two metal ions binding to a common site and with an approximately 30-fold lesser affinity of the tRNA loop for Mg(II) than for Eu(III). The rate of luminescence decay following excitation of Eu(III) bound to the tRNA loop corresponded to displacement of up to 4-5 (of a possible 9) waters of hydration on binding to the tRNA loop. By comparison, Eu(III) binds to the DNA analogue of the tRNA loop with an 8-fold lesser affinity and one fewer direct coordination site than to the RNA sequence, suggesting that a 2'OH of RNA is one of the direct ligands. In contrast with the absence of a shift in the excitation peak of aqueous Eu(III) upon formation of the tRNA loop complex, direct excitation of Eu(III) bound to a GNRA tetraloop fragment resulted in a substantially blue-shifted excitation peak (17290 cm(-1)). The tetraloop fragment also has a single Eu(III)-binding site, with a Kd of 12 +/- 3 microM. The bound Eu(III) was competed by Mg(II), although the relative affinity for Mg(II) was approximately 150-450-fold less than that for Eu(III). The Eu(III)-binding site of the tetraloop site is highly dehydrated, with approximately 7 water molecules displaced upon binding by RNA ligands, suggesting that the blue-shift of the excitation peak is the result of Eu(III) specifically bound in a nonpolar site within the GNRA loop structure.
POR UMA SOCIOLOGIA DA EDUCAÇÃO: ENTRE A TENSÃO DA DOMINAÇÃO E DA EMANCIPAÇÃO (2010)

Neste texto trago a hipotese que a escola tem como compromisso etico refletir sobre o tipo de conhecimento que constroi atraves de suas praticas pedagogicas. Argumento que ha uma tensao entre os conhecimentos impulsionadores da dominacao e outros da emancipacao social. Neste processo temos opcoes a fazer, educamos para manter o modelo de sociedade atual ou educamos para promover a ruptura. Palavras-chave: educacao, conhecimento, regulacao, emancipacao, possibilidade.
Correlation of stromal cells by morphometric analysis with metastatic behavior of human colonic carcinoma. (1989)

The cellular compositions of the inflammatory infiltrates in human colonic carcinoma in well-defined compartments have not been quantified previously. Morphometric analysis of this tissue revealed several relationships between the concentrations of different kinds of cells that may be an important first approach to understanding the nature of the host reaction in different groups of patients. Primary tumors without metastases differ from those with metastases in that those without metastases contain higher concentrations of plasma cells (P = 0.0019) and eosinophils (P = 0.0098) in sections taken at a location remote from the margin (tissue located greater than 1 cm from the margin) and increased concentrations of eosinophils (P = 0.0224) in sections of tumor contiguous to the margin (tissue 0-4.5 mm from the margin). In sections contiguous to the margin, the concentration of plasma cells is related to the concentrations of lymphocytes (R = 0.55, P = 0.0014), eosinophils (R = 0.46, P = 0.0085), fibroblasts (R = 0.47, P = 0.0075), and neutrophils (R = 0.63, P = 0.0001). In sections remote from the margin, the concentration of plasma cells is related to the concentration of lymphocytes (R = 0.36, P = 0.0442), eosinophils (R = 0.36, P = 0.0457), mast cells (R = 0.38, P = 0.0375), and neutrophils (R = 0.38, P = 0.0371).
Strain and temperatire measurement in composite-embedded highly-birefringent optical fibre using mean and differential group delay (1996)

We demonstrate temperature-insensitive strain measurement in a carbon fibre composite panel using broad-band interferometry, by measuring changes in mean and differential group delay in embedded highly birefringent fibre.
A simple pneumatic setup for driving microfluidics (2007)

We present a simple pneumatic setup for easy and precise control of pairs of inlet flows for lab on a chip applications.
A computationally-guided non-equilibrium synthesis approach to materials discovery in the SrO–Al2O3–SiO2 phase field (2023)

Glass-crystallisation synthesis is coupled to probe structure prediction for the guided discovery of new metastable oxides in the SrO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> phase field, yielding a new ternary ribbon-silicate, Sr<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>. In principle, this methodology can be applied to a wide range of oxide chemistries by selecting an appropriate non-equilibrium synthesis route.
ChemInform Abstract: Sugar‐Derived Cyclic Imines: One‐Pot Synthesis and Direct Functionalization. (2014)

Abstract Benzyl protected sugar‐derived lactames are easily reduced by Schwartz′s reagent and subsequently converted to C‐glycosides with high α‐diastereoselectivity.
Accumulation of deleterious mutations during bacterial range expansions (2016)

Abstract Recent theory predicts that the fitness of pioneer populations can decline when species expand their range, due to high rates of genetic drift on wave fronts making selection less efficient at purging deleterious variants. To test these predictions, we studied the fate of mutator bacteria expanding their range for 1650 generations on agar plates. In agreement with theory, we find that growth abilities of strains with a high mutation rate (HMR lines) decreased significantly over time, unlike strains with a lower mutation rate (LMR lines) that present 3-4 times fewer mutations. Estimation of the distribution of fitness effect (DFE) under a spatially explicit model reveals a mean negative effect for new mutations (-0.38%), but it suggests that both advantageous and deleterious mutations have accumulated during the experiment. Furthermore, we show that the fitness of HMR lines measured in different environments has decreased relative to the ancestor strain, whereas that of LMR lines remained unchanged. Our results thus suggest that successful expanding species are affected by deleterious mutations that accumulate during the expansion process, leading to a drastic impairment of their evolutionary potential.
Design pattern for deadlock handling in holonic manufacturing systems (1998)

As part of the research on holonic manufacturing systems (HMS), PMA/KULeuven developed a generic architecture for manufacturing control systems. The resulting manufacturing control systems: (i) react to disturbances, e.g. machine breakdown or rush orders; and (ii) allow for easy incorporation of changes to the system to adapt to new markets and incorporate new technology. A crucial function of any manufacturing control system is to avoid pathological states, e.g. deadlock. This paper presents a specific design pattern on how to incorporate a deadlock-handling policy in the proposed HMS architecture. In the literature, many deadlock-handling policies are presented. Some are very generic, others are more application specific, but are maximally permissive. The design pattern described in this paper shall be applicable to all typical deadlock-prevention and deadlock-avoidance policies. The use of the pattern is illustrated using two well-known deadlock-handling policies: the deadlock-prevention policy based u...
The Effect of Explanation Design on User Perception of Smart Home Lighting Systems: A Mixed-method Investigation (2023)

It has been shown that providing explanations about AI-based systems’ decisions can be an effective way to increase users’ trust and acceptance. The effect of explanation design in smart home systems on users’ acceptance and perceptions is however less known. We therefore explored the effect of different explanation designs on acceptance in the context of the Philips Hue smart home lighting system. We conducted interviews (N = 10) and an online experiment (N = 452) using three everyday smart home lighting scenarios with different explanation types. The results showed that although participants indicated a positive attitude towards explanations, receiving an explanation can potentially reduce the perceived control of the lighting system. Furthermore, participants preferred system-based explanations rather than user-based explanations. Our study also provides recommendations for the design of explanations in smart home systems.
Wind Energy Fundamentals and Wind Turbine Blades. (2009)

Abstract not provided.
Wearable Wellness Monitoring Using ECG and Accelerometer Data (2005)

This paper presents a prototype wearable wellness monitoring system capable of recording, transmitting and analyzing continuous ECG and accelerometer data. The system also provides an application for recording activities, events and potentially important medical symptoms. The hardware allows data to be transmitted wirelessly from on-body sensors to a handheld device using Bluetooth. Data is then transmitted to a back-end server for analysis using either a wireless Internet connection, if available, or a cellular phone service. We conducted experiments using the system for activity monitoring, exercise monitoring and medical screening tests and present preliminary data and results.
Clinical study of correlation between 8-Iosmerie porastglnadin-2a (8-iso-PGF2α), hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and coronary heart disease(CHD) (2011)

Objective To study the correlation between 8-Iosmerie Porastglnadin-2a(8-iso-PGF2α) 、hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods 153 CHD patients were divided into 3 groups,including 52 cases of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) ,50 cases of unstable angina(UAP) ,51 cases of stable angina(SAP) and control group consisted of 50 healthy people. The levels of hs-CRP and 8-iso-PGF2α were measured. Person correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the level of hs-CRP and 8-isoPGF2α. Results The levels of hs-CRP and 8-iso-PGF2α were significantly higher in AMI, UAP and SAP group than those in control group(all P ＜0.05). Compared with SAP group,the levels of hs-CRP and 8-iso-PGF2α were increased in AMI and UAP groups (all P ＜ 0. 05) . The level of hs-CRP was positively associated with the level of 8-iso-PGF2α. Conclusion hs-CRP and 8-iso-PGF2α should be the markers of coronary atherosclerosis and involved in the process of CHD. The levels of serum hs-CRP and 8-iso-PGF2α were correlated with the severity of CHD.

Key words: 
Dinoprost;  C-reactive protein;  Coronary disease