gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and prototyping of self-centering optical single-mode fiber alignment structures (2016)

The European Commission's goal of providing each European household with at least a 30 Mb s -1 Internet connection by 2020 would be facilitated by a widespread deployment of fibre-to-the-home, which would in turn be sped up by the development of connector essential components, such as high-precision alignment features. Currently, the performance of stateof-the-art physical contact optical fiber connectors is limited by the tolerance on the cladding of standard telecom-grade single-mode fiber (SMF), which is typically smaller than 1 m. We propose to overcome this limit by developing micro-spring-based self-centering alignment structures (SCAS) for SMF-connectors. We design these alignment structures with robustness and low-cost replication in mind, allowing for large-scale deployment. Both theoretical and finite element analysis (FEA) models are used to determine the optimal dimensions of the beams of which the micro-springs of the SCAS are comprised. Two topologies of the SCAS, consisting of three and four micro-springs respectively, are investigated for two materials: polysulfone (PSU) and polyetherimide (PEI). These materials hold great potential for high-performance fiber connectors while being compatible with low-cost production and with the harsh environmental operation conditions of those connectors. The theory and FEA agree well (<3% difference) for a simple micro-spring. When including a pedestal on the micro-spring (to bring it further away from the fiber) and for shorter spring lengths the agreement worsens. This is due to spring compression effects not being taken into account in our theoretical model. Prototypes are successfully fabricated using deep proton writing and subsequently characterized. The controlled insertion of an SMF in the SCAS is investigated and we determine that a force of 0.11 N is required. The fiber insertion also causes an outof-plane deformation of the micro-springs in the SCAS of about 7 m, which is no problem for robustness according to the FEA model. Finally connector-assemblies are made with the alignment system and we show that an insertion loss down to 0.1 dB is achievable. The prototypes are subsequently used as a sacrificial master for mould fabrication through electroplating with the goal of low-cost replication through hot embossing.
Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome in L-Tryptophan—Exposed Patients (1992)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To study the incidence of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, the risk factors associated with the syndrome, and the clinical spectrum of illness associated with L-tryptophan use in an exposed population. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective cohort and nested case-control studies of risk factors for eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome using inpatient and outpatient chart reviews, telephone interviews, and in-person patient interviews. Descriptive study of clinical course of L-tryptophan users. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Office practice of one psychiatrist based in a small city (population 43467) in South Carolina. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Eligible subjects were all patients from the practice who used L-tryptophan during the 1989 study interval. Of these, 418 (87%) were interviewed. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Clinical spectrum of illness associated with L-tryptophan use, including definite and possible cases of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. <h3>Results.</h3> —Among the 418 interviewed L-tryptophan users, we identified 47 definite cases (11%) and 68 possible cases (16%) of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, most of which involved patients who were using one retail brand of L-tryptophan (brand A). Among the 157 brand A users, we identified 45 definite cases (29%) and 36 possible cases (23%) of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, and the risk for the syndrome increased as the brand A dose increased. Fifty percent (19 of 38) of those using more than 4000 mg/day developed definite eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, and 84% (32 of 38) developed either definite or possible eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. On multivariate analysis, risk for definite eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome was associated with brand A dose and age of the patient; however, gender, race, and use of other medications were not associated with the syndrome. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These results suggest that many people exposed to the agent causing eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome may develop illness, and dose of presumably contaminated L-tryptophan is the single most important predictor of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. The broad range of signs and symptoms reported by patients using L-tryptophan illustrates that a strict case definition may identify only about half of those affected. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:77-82)
Multiple Target Tracking With Unresolved Measurements (2021)

A multiple target tracking filter is developed for merged measurement problems that arise with finite resolution sensors. The resulting combinatorial problem is incorporated directly in the joint likelihood function using analytic combinatorics techniques. The Bayesian filter is a sum of several terms that correspond one-to-one to the set of all feasible hypotheses about measurements and targets, i.e., resolved/unresolved, detected/undetected. Performance is demonstrated for two targets in both crossing and parallel target motion scenarios.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING OF CORROSION-INDUCED CRACKING IN BRIDGE DECKS (1990)

The premature deterioration of concrete bridge decks and other concrete structures due to corrosion of the reinforcement has created a multi billion dollar problem in the United States. In this paper, an approximate model that predicts corrosion induced damage in concrete structures is described. The model is based on a nonlocal smeared cracking finite element approach. Sample results are shown.
Opioidergic tone and pain susceptibility: interactions between reward systems and opioid receptors (2017)

Boston Children's Hospital, Box 9, 1 Autumn Street, Boston MA 02215. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.
DEFICIENCY OF INTERFERON‐ALPHA GENERATING CAPACITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH AIDSa (1984)

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a newly described syndrome in which patients are susceptible to certain malignancies and opportunistic infections (OI) usually found only in immunosuppressed individuals. Patients with AIDS have been found to have deficiencies of virtually all of their host defense systems. In this report, the natural resistance systems have been discussed. Although a deficiency of NK-cell function has been found in many patients with AIDS, this deficiency failed to distinguish patients susceptible to OI or malignancy from male homosexual controls. A deficiency of interferon-alpha generation by mononuclear cells upon exposure to HSV-1 infected fibroblasts was the best correlate with susceptibility to OI in AIDS patients. This deficiency failed to correlate with serum levels of acid-labile interferon-alpha in these patients. Although the interferon generating deficiency may be caused by the infections in these patients, it is more likely that the deficiency lays the groundwork for the establishment of the opportunistic infections.
Resolution Function Theory in Piezoresponse Force Microscopy: Domain Wall Profile, Spatial Resolution, and Tip Calibration (2006)

Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) has emerged as a primary tool for imaging, domain engineering, and switching spectroscopy on ferroelectric materials. Quantitative interpretation of PFM data including measurements of the intrinsic width of the domain walls, geometric parameters of the domain below the tip in local hysteresis loop measurements, as well as interpretation of switching and coercive biases in terms of materials properties and switching mechanisms, requires reliable knowledge on electrostatic field structure produced by the tip. Using linear imaging theory, we develop a theoretical approach for interpretation of these measurements and determination of tip parameters from a calibration standard. The resolution and object transfer functions in PFM are derived and effect of materials parameters on resolution is determined. Closed form solutions for domain wall profiles in vertical and lateral PFM and signal from cylindrical domain in transversally isotropic piezoelectric are derived for point-charge and sphere-plane geometry of the tip.
Resonance fluorescence from a semiconductor quantum dot (2007)

Orthogonal optical detection and excitation of quantum dots embedded in a microcavity allows, for the first time, for background-free measurement of their resonance fluorescence. The spectra and photon statistics of single dots were obtained.
THREE‐YEAR FOLLOW‐UP AT AGE 10 OF CHILDREN WITH MINOR NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. II: SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT PROBLEMS (1983)

Part I of this paper considered the behavioural problems at age 10 of groups of children from a total population study of six-year-old children in Gothenburg and diagnosed according to strict criteria as suffering from minimal brain dysfunction (MBD), motor perception dysfunction (MPD) or attention deficit disorder (ADD), and a comparison group of normal children. Part II considers school achievement problems at age 10 among the same groups of children. 80 per cent of MBD children had obvious problems in school achievement, compared with 16 per cent in the comparison group. The MPD and ADD groups did not differ significantly from the comparison group in this respect. There was a considerable overlap between behaviour problems and school achievement problems, and the results indicate a gloomy prognosis for both types of problem among children with MBD.
Room-Temperature Continuous-Wave Operation of Organometal Halide Perovskite Lasers (2018)

Solution-processed organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising gain media for tunable semiconductor lasers. However, optically pumped continuous-wave lasing at room temperature, a prerequisite for a laser diode, has not been realized so far. Here, we report lasing action in a surface-emitting distributed feedback methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite laser on a silicon substrate at room temperature under continuous-wave optical pumping. This outstanding performance is achieved because of the ultralow lasing threshold of 13 W/cm2, which is enabled by thermal nanoimprint lithography that directly patterns perovskite into a high-Q cavity with large mode confinement, while at the same time, it improves perovskite’s emission characteristics. Our results represent a major step toward electrically pumped lasing in organic and thin-film materials as well as the insertion of perovskite lasers into photonic integrated circuits for applications in optical computing, sensing, and on-chip quantum information.
STM4-120 Stirling Engine Test Development (1989)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Stirling Thermal Motors, Inc. (STM) of Ann Arbor, Michigan, has been developing and testing a general purpose, 40 kW Stirling engine designated the STM4-120. This engine configuration features a heat pipe heater head designed to receive heat from the condensing metal vapor (sodium, Na) of a heat pipe using any one of a variety of heat sources.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In support of the engine development program, STM has designed a general purpose Heat Pipe Gas Combustion (HPGC) system under a GRI contract. Use of the HPGC system with the STM4-120 will result in a Gas-Fired Stirling Engine (GFSE) that may be advantageous when used for cogeneration, heat-driven heat pumps and other similar applications.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The principal component in the HPGC is the heat pipe evaporator which collects the condensed liquid sodium and distributes it equally over the heat transfer surfaces. The liquid sodium evaporates and flows to the heat pipe condenser where it delivers its latent heat. When used in combination with the STM4-120, the heat pipe condensers also function as the Stirling engine heaters.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Several quarter-scale models of this evaporator design have been fabricated and successfully demonstrated, first, on a test bed with a calorimeter for measuring performance and, later, in combination with the STM4-120 Stirling engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The STM4-120, operating on heat supplied from the aforementioned evaporators, has been tested extensively on a dynamometer facility. This facility has been supported, in part, by the Department of Energy (DOE) Automotive Stirling Engine Development Program. The maximum power achieved to date was 23 kW at 1800 rpm, a heater temperature of 775°C and a mean cycle pressure of 10.8 MPa. The engine conversion efficiency based on the heat input to the heater head was approximately 40%.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the test hardware, the performance and related problems of the engine and heat pipe systems. Plans for future development and testing are outlined and include a heat pipe solar receiver supported by the DOE Solar Thermal Program.&lt;/div&gt;
Expression of the Bcl-2 protein in murine and human thymocytes and in peripheral T lymphocytes. (1993)

Bcl-2, a proto-oncogene that can block apoptosis, was found to be expressed throughout the thymic medulla, but in only scattered cells in the thymic cortex. In order to determine the precise distribution of Bcl-2 protein during thymocyte development, we utilized mAb specific for either mouse or human Bcl-2. Thymocyte subpopulations were assessed using three-color flow cytometry and a saponin-permeabilization method. Staining of adult mouse and human thymocytes was comparable, with 20 to 35% of cells expressing Bcl-2. Bcl-2 was expressed in nearly all CD4+ and CD8+, and CD3hi cells, but in only 5 to 10% of CD4+8+ cells. The CD4-8- population was more variable, with 25 to 40% of human cells and 65 to 80% of murine cells expressing Bcl-2. In sorted adult murine CD4-8- cells, the very immature Pgp-1+/IL-2R alpha- subset had a high percentage of Bcl-2+ cells. Bcl-2 expression was also examined during murine fetal development. At fetal day 15.5 to 16.5, 60 to 70% of total thymocytes expressed Bcl-2. By fetal day 17.5, overall Bcl-2 expression fell to adult levels of 20 to 30%. Bcl-2 was present in peripheral T cells from lymph node, spleen, and peripheral blood at uniformly high levels. In vitro stimulation with anti-CD3 or anti-TCR antibodies increased Bcl-2 expression in total thymocyte cultures, but could not induce Bcl-2 expression in CD4+8+ cells, even with the addition of a variety of cytokines. These data suggest that early double negative thymocytes express Bcl-2 but lose Bcl-2 with differentiation to the double positive stage. Thymocytes regain Bcl-2 during selection to a single positive state and retain Bcl-2 in the periphery.
Concept-based discovery of mobile services (2005)

In this paper, we consider semantic service discovery in a global computing environment. We propose creating a dynamic overlay network by grouping together semantically related services. Each such group of services is termed a community. Communities are organized in a global taxonomy whose nodes are related contextually. The taxonomy can be seen as an expandable distributed semantic index over the system services, which aims at improving service discovery. Our performance results indicate that in certain cases, our service discovery mechanism outperforms even the case in which service indexes are fully replicated at all system sites.
Structural Requirements for the Antiproliferative Activity of Pre‐mRNA Splicing Inhibitor FR901464 (2010)

FR901464, a natural product isolated from a bacterium source, activates a reporter gene, inhibits pre-mRNA splicing, and shows antitumor activity. We previously reported the development of a more potent analogue, meayamycin, through the total synthesis of FR901464. Herein, we report detailed structure-activity relationships of FR901464 that revealed the significance of the epoxide, carbon atoms in the tetrahydropyran ring, the Z geometry of the side chain, the 1,3-diene moiety, the C4-hydroxy group, and the C2''-carbonyl group. Importantly, the methyl group of the acetyl substituent was found to be inessential, leading to a new potent analogue. Additionally, partially based on in vivo data, we synthesized and evaluated potentially more metabolically stable analogues for their antiproliferative activity. These structural insights into FR901464 may contribute to the simplification of the natural product for further drug development.
Spatial Limits to MIMO Capacity in General Scattering Environments (2003)

In this paper we present a new upper bound on the capacity of MIMO systems. By characterizing the fundamental communication modes of a physical aperture, we develop an intrinsic capacity which is independent of antenna array geometries and array signal processing. Using a modal expansion for free-space wave propagation we show that there exists a maximum achievable capacity for communication between spatial regions of space, which depends on the size of the regions and the statistics of the scattering environment.
Evidence for HLA-DQA1 locus being associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms in the Belgian population (2005)

peer reviewed
Label-free optical biosensing with slot-waveguides (2008)

We demonstrate label-free molecule detection by using an integrated biosensor based on a Si(3)N(4)/SiO(2) slot-waveguide microring resonator. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and anti-BSA molecular binding events on the sensor surface are monitored through the measurement of resonant wavelength shifts with varying biomolecule concentrations. The biosensor exhibited sensitivities of 1.8 and 3.2 nm/(ng/mm(2)) for the detection of anti-BSA and BSA, respectively. The estimated detection limits are 28 and 16 pg/mm(2) for anti-BSA and BSA, respectively, limited by wavelength resolution.
Perceptual Adaptation to the Correction of Natural Astigmatism (2012)

Non-corrected astigmats appear to be naturally adapted to their astigmatism, and astigmatic correction significantly changes their perception of their neutral point, even after a brief period of adaptation.
Cascade of Inflammatory, Fibrotic Processes, and Stress-Induced Senescence in Chronic GVHD-Related Dry Eye Disease (2021)

Ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ocular GVHD affects recipients' visual function and quality of life. Recent advanced research in this area has gradually attracted attention from a wide range of physicians and ophthalmologists. This review highlights the mechanism of immune processes and the molecular mechanism, including several inflammation cascades, pathogenic fibrosis, and stress-induced senescence related to ocular GVHD, in basic spectrum topics in this area. How the disease develops and what kinds of cells participate in ocular GVHD are discussed. Although the classical immune process is a main pathological pathway in this disease, senescence-associated changes in immune cells and stem cells may also drive this disease. The DNA damage response, p16/p21, and the expression of markers associated with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) are seen in ocular tissue in GVHD. Macrophages, T cells, and mesenchymal cells from donors or recipients that increasingly infiltrate the ocular surface serve as the source of increased secretion of IL-6, which is a major SASP driver. Agents capable of reversing the changes, including senolytic reagents or those that can suppress the SASP seen in GVHD, provide new potential targets for the treatment of GVHD. Creating innovative therapies for ocular GVHD is necessary to treat this intractable ocular disease.
Industrial Medium Voltage Cable and Switchgear Maintenance and Testing, Part I (1982)

Increasing costs of unscheduled production downtime in manufacturing industries, coupled with high costs for repair of electrical distribution equipment, dictate that planned electrical maintenance and testing play an important role in the industrial manufacturing process. Subject matter important to performing a planned electrical maintenance and testing program of medium voltage industrial cable and switchgear will be reviewed.
Considering the Relative Importance of Network Performance and Network Features (2005)

Latency and bandwidth are usually considered to be the dominant factor in parallel application performance; however, recent studies have indicated that support for independent progress in MPI can also have a significant impact on application performance. This paper leverages the Cplant system at Sandia National Labs to compare a faster, vendor provided MPI library without independent progress to an internally developed MPI library that sacrifices some performance to provide independent progress. The results are surprising. Although some applications see significant negative impacts from the reduced network performance, others are more sensitive to the presence of independent progress.
Taking Your Medicine (2001)

Patient non-compliance with physicians' instructions is a major problem that costs billions of dollars each year. This study supports a significant role for communication, both as a form of information exchange and social support, and participative decision-making in improving patient compliance. These results, based on structural equation modeling, also support the interaction of communication and participative decision-making positively affecting compliance. Results suggest that one-way communication from physician to patient and patient education will not solve compliance problems by themselves. Instead the solution revolves around open, bi-directional information exchange, active listening by both parties, and truly informed consent on the part of patients.
Managing switched local area networks : a practical guide (1997)

From the Publisher:
If you already manage a switched network, are considering converting your shared LAN to switched technology, or are in the process of deploying a new switched LAN, Managing Switched Local Area Networks will serve as your indispensable handbook. Pragmatic, readable, and focused on real-world issues, this book provides a concise description of the elements that comprise a switched LAN, shows how these elements function together, and offers a step-by-step approach to anticipating, isolating, and solving the most common network problems. The book's realistic scenarios and proven rules of thumb will hone your skills and help you make sound decisions for effective switched network management. This book not only describes the technology but also shows how to apply it to the process of building a switched LAN management system. Here you will find experience-based advice on troubleshooting, an inventory of the classic problems encountered in the management of a switched LAN, and specific, tested methods and strategies for solving these problems. The book also teaches you how to evaluate your LAN needs and choose appropriate tools, how to create a manageable switched LAN design, and how to put it all together to build a comprehensive, well-tuned network management system.