gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deleterious Impact of Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibodies Toward HLA-Cw and HLA-DP in Kidney Transplantation (2015)

These results suggest that preformed anti-HLA-Cw and anti-HLA-DP DSA are as deleterious as anti-HLA A/B/DR/DQ DSA. It justifies their inclusion in kidney allocation programs and in immunological risk stratification algorithms.
194 Efficacy of Primary Microvascular Decompression vs Salvage Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia (2016)

INTRODUCTION: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a pain disorder characterized by paroxysmal lancinating pain along the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Mounting clinical evidence supports the neurovascular compression (NVC) theory, suggesting vascular compression results in the manifestation of debilitating pain. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the only known surgical intervention that directly addresses this proposed etiology. METHODS: A retrospective review of patient records at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1998 to 2015 revealed 942 patients with TN and 500 patients who underwent MVD. A total of 306 patients who underwent MVD initially and 175 patients who underwent salvage MVD were included for analysis. Demographics, preoperative interventions, pain outcomes, pre- and postoperative sensory outcomes, and complications were collected. RESULTS: Patients who underwent salvage MVD were older (55.22 years vs 49.98 years, P < .001), and experienced symptoms longer (7.22 years vs 4.45 years, P <.001). Patients who underwent MVD initially experienced improved pain relief and no pain relief rates compared with those who had salvage MVD (95.8% and 4.2% vs 90.3% and 9.7%, respectively, P = .004). Patients who underwent MVD initially had significantly lower rates of facial numbness in the pre- and postoperative period compared with salvage MVD patients (P < .001). The number of complications between both groups was similar (P = .457). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that patients who underwent procedures prior to MVD experienced less pain relief and a higher incidence of facial numbness despite similar rates of complications in comparison with patients who underwent MVD as their first surgical intervention.
d-Glucosamine-Derived Synthons for Assembly of l-threo-Sphingoid Bases. Total Synthesis of Rhizochalinin C (2012)

A five-step transformation of D-glucosamine, commencing with indium-mediated Barbier reaction without isolation of intermediates, into (R,R)-2-aminohex-5-ene-1,3-diol in 45-51% is described. The latter is a useful synthon for assembly of L-threo-sphingoid bases: long-chain aminoalkanols and aminoalkanediols with configurations antipodal to that found in mammalian D-erythro-sphingosine but prevalent among invertebrate-derived sphingolipids. The utility of the method is demonstrated by the first total synthesis of rhizochalinin C, the long-chain, "two-headed" sphingoid base aglycon of the natural product rhizochalin C from the marine sponge Rhizochalina incrustata.
Postmortem Drug Metabolism by Bacteria (1995)

Studies were undertaken to determine the possible role of enteric bacteria in the postmortem bioconversion of the nitrobenzodiazepines flunitrazepam, clonazepam, and nitrazepam. Flunitrazepam, clonazepam, and nitrazepam were completely metabolized in blood in the presence of eight species of enteric bacteria to their respective 7-amino-metabolites. The rates of metabolism, at 37 degrees C, ranged from 0.1 ng/mL/min for Streptococcus faecalis to 8.8 ng/mL/min for Clostridium perfringens. The rate of conversion was reduced to 87% by a combination of 0.7% (w/v) sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate, and almost completely inhibited (96%) by 1% (w/v) sodium fluoride. pH had variable effects on the rate of metabolic bioconversion of nitrobenzodiazepines, while increasing temperatures were found to generally increase the rate of nitrobenzodiazepine bioconversion. These data support the proposal that bacteria may mediate postmortem bioconversion of the nitrobenzodiazepines.
Antifolate agents: a patent review (2006 – 2010) (2011)

The pursuit of antifolates as anticancer and antimicrobial agents continues to be an active area of research. New patent disclosures reveal novel antifolate scaffolds, antifolates with improved drug-like properties and new strategies to effectively target cancer cells. The continued use of high resolution structural information has guided the discovery of several compounds. Owing to the need for high levels of potency and selectivity, especially in targeting pathogenic species, the use of high resolution crystal structures remains an important tool to guide the design of novel antifolates. Interestingly, the patents disclosing novel compounds were ones where X-ray crystallography was an integral component of the design process. Finally, a variety of new structures have been reported that may play an important role in the future development of therapeutic antifolates.
[New approaches to the treatment of the HIV-infected patient]. (2007)

HIV infection remains a major problem of public health in Belgium as well as globally. The number of new diagnosies of HIV infection in Belgium remains between two and three daily. Given the dramatic effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality due to HIV infection, the number of patients is constantly increasing. The different problems related to HIV care are also changing. Aging of the patients and chronic exposure to antiretroviral medications have induced new complications. We will present in this brief article several new experimental and clinical approaches in which our centre has participated during the last two years.
Palladium Iodide‐Catalyzed Selective Carbonylative Double Cyclization of 4‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐3‐yn‐1‐ols to Dihydrofuroquinolinone Derivatives (2023)

Comprehensive Summary The PdI 2 /KI‐catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of 4‐(2‐aminophenyl)‐3‐yn‐1‐ols, bearing two potential nucleophilic groups in suitable position selectively leads to dihydrofuroquinolinone derivatives in fair to high yields (60%—89%) and excellent turnover numbers (180—267 mol of product per mol of Pd) over 19 examples, through a mechanistic pathway involving initial O ‐cyclization followed by N ‐cyclocarbonylation. In such process, the selective catalytic construction of two rings and three new bonds is achieved in one synthetic step to afford high value added fused heterocyclic structures starting from readily available materials.
Delay-Asymmetric Nonlinear Loop Mirror (2008)

We present a delay-asymmetric nonlinear loop mirror based on four-wave mixing and group-velocity dispersion. The device is used for demodulation of DPSK signals at variable bit-rates. Widely opened eye diagrams and error-free detection are obtained.
Supplementary Data TS2 from Microparticle Encapsulation of a Prostate-targeted Biologic for the Treatment of Liver Metastases in a Preclinical Model of Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

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Evidence for Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Patients with Persistent, Unexplained Illnesses: Elevated Anti-Early Antigen Antibodies (1985)

Forty-four patients, including 26 adults and 18 children under 15 years of age, were referred for evaluation of recurrent or persistent illnesses, with symptoms including pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, fever, headaches, arthralgia, fatigue, depression, dyslogia, and myalgia. Thirty-nine patients were positive for Epstein-Barr virus antibody with antibody levels compatible with active infection for at least 1 year. Antiviral capsid antigen and anti-early antigen titers of patients were significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than age-group-matched controls. The frequency, number, duration, and patterns of symptoms, as well as patient sex, were compared by age in study patients seropositive and seronegative for Epstein-Barr virus. Illness patterns were not associated with changes in specific antibody titers or clinical findings. Lymphocyte phenotype and function analyses were done in 11 of the 39 patients positive for Epstein-Barr virus antibody; no consistent differences from normal were found. Only 1 of 32 patients had circulating interferon, in contrast to 7 of 7 patients with acute infectious mononucleosis. There were many adverse consequences of the illness. Epstein-Barr virus infection may not be self-limiting, and the virus may be associated with clinically recognizable illness other than infectious mononucleosis in children as well as in adults.
Determining When to Use 3D Sand Printing: Quantifying the Role of Complexity (2015)

The additive manufacturing industry has the potential to transform nearly every sector of our lives and jumpstart the next Industrial Revolution.Engineers and designers have been using 3D printers for more than three decades but mostly to make prototypes quickly and cheaply before they embark on the expensive business of tooling up a factory to produce the real things.In sand casting industries, a growing number of companies have adopted 3D sand printing to produce final casts.Yet recent research suggests that the use of 3D sand printing has barely begun to achieve its potential market.It is not surprising that executives are having difficulty adopting additive manufacturing; the technology has many second -order effects on business operations and economics.One of the most important factors is the lack of awareness of additive manufacturing's applications and values in the sand casting manufacturing process.The lack of awareness is significantly slowing down the adoption rates.This research will help executives to optimize their adoption decision by answering the question of ''At what level of part complexity should sand printing be used instead of the conventional process in molds and cores manufacturing?"Moreover, this thesis defines and analyzes the geometric attributes which influence the parts' complexity.As known in the conventional sand casting process, the high level of complexity leads to higher manufacturing cost.On the other hand, in the additive manufacturing process, the manufacturing cost is fairly constant regardless of the level of complexity.Therefore, 3D sand printing provides a unique advantage that the increasing in geometric complexity of the part has no impact on the molds and cores manufacturing cost or what is known as ''complexity for free.'
Photoinduced Manipulation of Self‐Organized Nanostructure of Block Copolymers (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Synthesis Phase Behavior Phase Behavior of Copolymer/Homopolymer Blends Thin-Film Morphology Manipulation of Morphologies by External Stimuli Photocontrol of Microphase Separations References
A method for the determination and hardware validation of biosignal processing parameters (2008)

This paper proposes an iterative procedure for the determination of parameters and working conditions of biomedical signal processing algorithms. A systematization of the process required to determine the parameters is proposed, avoiding "trial and error" tests, and considering all the specific requirements of a Telemedicine system, such as reliability and guaranteed signal reconstruction quality. An application of the method is included, also, focusing on ECG processing. Hardware platform Biolet(E) is designed for validation in an electronic implementation.
Feature-based molecular networking and network annotation propagation applied to natural antiviral compound research from tropical Euphorbiaceae. (2019)

International audience
Vision of bacterial ghosts as drug carriers mandates accepting the effect of cell membrane on drug loading (2020)

The use of bacterial ghosts (BGs) for drug delivery is an extremely fascinating perspective especially with the inherited efficient target-ability to specialized tissues. Trafficking of drug molecules across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are important to be understood for both loading (influx) and drug release (efflux). In this study, <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) BGs were prepared using modified protocol sponge-like reduced protocol (SLRP) which was used for loading of doxorubicin (DOX). First time in the literature, different possible factors affecting DOX loading from BGs were examined in this study. These factors including drug concentration, temperature, pH gradient, incubation time and tonicity, are proposed to effect on drug loading into <i>E. coli</i> BGs. Results of optimum effect from accompanied factors were found to be 10 mg/mL as DOX concentration at pH 6 with tonicity of 0.7% incubated overnight at 4 °C. After gather all factors, the amount of DOX loaded inside the BGs was recorded as 37.58%. The <i>in vitro</i> release studies of DOX loaded BGs over time showed a burst initial release rate of 26.75% at the first 12 h followed by a period of sustained release lasting for 16 days to give maximum release rate of 58.04%. Remarkably, DOX loaded in BG showed more apoptosis (55%) than control and DOX solution. Overall, the results indicated the presence of some important factors to be controlled when loading drugs into BGs. Also, data showed the future possibility of utilizing BGs to deliver DOX to colon cancer cells.
Characterization of the Vibrio cholerae ToxR regulon: identification of novel genes involved in intestinal colonization (1988)

A gene fusion library of Vibrio cholerae classical strain O395 was generated by using a broad host range vector for delivery of the transposon TnphoA. The insertion library was screened for colonies expressing alkaline phosphatase-positive (PhoA+) fusion proteins on LB agar at 30 degrees C in the presence of 0.2% glucose. Over 600 PhoA+ strains were isolated and then tested for regulation of their gene fusions in broth media that permitted high or low expression of cholera toxin. This strategy resulted in the isolation of 60 TnphoA (Tn5 IS50L::phoA) fusions to genes encoding secreted proteins that are apparently coordinately regulated with cholera toxin. Introduction of a toxR null mutation into 10 of these fusion strains confirmed that these TnphoA gene fusions are controlled either directly or indirectly by the cholera toxin transcriptional activator encoded by toxR. A combination of Southern and immunoblot analysis identified 17 distinct ToxR-regulated genes in V. cholerae O395. Many of these insertions were located in one of the two cholera toxin operon copies of strain O395, as well as a large gene cluster involved in the biogenesis of the toxin-coregulated pilus colonization factor. In addition, insertions were identified in genes that had no effect on either cholera toxin or toxin-coregulated pilus expression. Several of these insertions were localized to a cluster of four genes, the disruption of any of which by TnphoA reduced the ability of strain O395 to colonize the intestines of suckling mice. The product encoded by this second gene cluster was named accessory colonization factor to describe its possible role in cholera pathogenesis. These studies reinforce the contribution of ToxR-regulated genes to the virulence properties of V. cholerae. This report also demonstrates a new approach for the identification of bacterial virulence factors, based on the characterization of genes that are regulated by the same environmental signals that control the expression of a known virulence factor.
Stanniocalcin 2 Ameliorates Hepatosteatosis Through Activation of STAT3 Signaling (2018)

Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), a secreted glycoprotein hormone, regulates many biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and atherosclerosis. However, its role in hepatic triglyceride metabolism remains unknown. In the present study, we found that expression levels of STC2 were significantly reduced in the livers of leptin-deficient and high fat diet-induced obese mice. Systemic administration of STC2 recombinant protein or adenovirus-mediated overexpression of STC2 markedly attenuated hepatosteatosis and hypertriglyceridemia in obese mice. At the molecular level, we found that STC2 activated the STAT3 signaling pathway to inhibit lipogenic gene expression. Consistently, <i>in vitro</i> studies further showed that inhibition of STAT3 signaling abolished the anti-steatotic effects of STC2. Together, our results revealed an important role of STC2 in the regulation of hepatic triglyceride metabolism, which might provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of fatty liver and related metabolic disorders.
Ultrathin (&amp;lt;10nm) Nb<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>/NbO<inf>2</inf> hybrid memory with both memory and selector characteristics for high density 3D vertically stackable RRAM applications (2012)

We report, for the first time, the novel concept of ultrathin (∼10nm) W/NbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> /Pt device with both threshold switching (TS) and memory switching (MS) characteristics. Excellent TS characteristics of NbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , such as high temperature stability (∼160°C), fast switching speed (∼22ns), good switching uniformity, and extreme scalability of device area (ϕ∼10nm)/thickness (∼10nm) were obtained. By oxidizing NbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , we can form ultrathin Nb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> /NbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> stack layer for hybrid memory devices with both TS and MS. Without additional selector device, 1Kb cross-point hybrid memory device without SET/RESET disturbance up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> cycles was demonstrated.
Effect of Continuous Arteriovenous Hemofiltration Combined with Systemic Vasopressor Therapy on Depressed Left Ventricular Contractility and Tissue Oxygen Delivery in Canine Escherichia coli Sepsis (1995)

Our study offers a rationale for the combined use of phenylephrine and CAVH in the reversal of cardiac depression and hypotension in sepsis.
Predictable Equation-Based Analog Optimization Based on Explicit Capture of Modeling Error Statistics (2012)

Equation-based optimization using geometric programming (GP) for automated synthesis of analog circuits has recently gained broader adoption. A major outstanding challenge is the inaccuracy resulting from fitting the complex behavior of scaled transistors to posynomial functions. In this paper, we advance a novel optimization strategy that explicitly handles the error of the model in the course of optimization. The innovation is in enabling the successive refinement of transistor models within gradually reducing ranges of operating conditions and dimensions. Refining via a brute force requires exponential complexity. The key contribution is the development of a framework that optimizes efficient convex formulations, while using SPICE as a feasibility oracle to identify solutions that are feasible with respect to the accurate behavior rather than the fitted model. Due to the poor posynomial fit, standard GP can return grossly infeasible solutions. Our approach dramatically improves feasibility. We accomplish this by introducing robust modeling of the fitting error's sample distribution information explicitly within the optimization. To address cases of highly stringent constraints, we introduce an automated method for identifying a true feasible solution through minimal relaxation of design targets. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm on two benchmarks: a two-stage CMOS operational amplifier and a voltage-controlled oscillator designed in TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Our algorithm is able to identify superior solution points producing uniformly better power and area values under a gain constraint with improvements of up to 50% in power and 10% in area for the amplifier design. Moreover, whereas standard GP methods produced solutions with constraint violations as large as 45%, our method finds feasible solutions.
The Pan language-based editing system for integrated development (1990)

Powerful editing systems for developing complex software documents are difficult to engineer. Besides requiring efficient incremental algorithms and complex data structures, such editors must integrate smoothly with the other tools in the environment, maintain a sharable database of information concerning the documents being edited, accommodate flexible editing styles, provide a consistent, coherent, and empowering user interface, and support individual variations and project-wide configurations. Pan is a language-based editing and browsing system that exhibits these characteristics. This paper surveys the design and engineering of Pan , paying particular attention to a number of issues that pervade the system: incremental checking and analysis, information retention in the presence of change, tolerance for errors and anomalies, and extension facilities.
Plastics Processing (2003)

Abstract Processing of plastics comprises a variety of operations involving flow and shaping of polymer melts into finished articles. For thermoplastic resins the most common processing operations are extrusion and molding. In extrusion, solid plastic resin is melted and then shaped in a continuous part of a defined cross‐section by screw‐conveying and forcing the melt to flow through a die. Die forming is used in pipe and tubing, film, sheet, wire, and cable coating. Molding involves such noncontinuous processes as injection molding, blow molding, rotational molding, and compression molding, in which three‐dimensional parts are made in a closed mold. Molded products are solid, hollow, or foamed. Other thermoplastics operations include thermoforming, calendering, and casting. In contrast to thermoplastics, thermosetting resins use low viscosity components which, through chemical reaction, produce the solid part in the mold. Common processing methods for thermoset systems are compression molding, transfer molding, and injection molding. Specialized techniques developed for fiber‐reinforced thermosets include open‐mold processing, pultrusion, resin transfer molding, and reaction injection molding. Specific processing methods for making low density articles from thermoset polyurethanes are described.
Computer Simulation Tool for Predicting Sound Propagation in Air-Filled Tubes with Acoustic Impedance Discontinuities (2007)

A computer tool, based on an acoustic transmission line model, was developed for modeling and predicting sound propagation and reflections in cascaded tube segments. This subroutine considered the number of interconnected tubes, their dimensions and wall properties, as well as medium properties to create a network of cascaded transmission line model segments, from which the impulse response of the network was estimated. Acoustic propagation was examined in air-filled cascaded tube networks and model predictions were compared to measured acoustic pulse responses. The model was able to accurately predict the location and morphology of reflections. The developed code proved to be a useful design tool for applications such as the guidance of catheters through compliant air-filled biological conduits.