gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STAT3 and TP53 mutations associate with poor prognosis in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (2020)

Systemic Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (sALCL) encompasses two distinct clinical entities of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-positive (ALK+) ALCL and ALK-negative (ALK-) ALCL. These entities are characterized by either the presence or absence of an ALK-translocation. It has been reported that ALK+ ALCL has a better prognosis compared to ALK-, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 70-80% versus 15-45%(1,2). Furthermore, more than 30% of ALK+ ALCL patients relapse(3,4). Despite the distinction between the two sALCL subtypes, frontline treatment for adults is similar and is based on CHOP or CHOEP(5,6). Whilst high-throughput genomic studies in sALCL have shown recurrent genetic alterations, their association with outcome has not been fully investigated(7–11).
Renal interstitial pressure and sodium excretion during renal vein constriction (1980)

Studies were performed on anesthetized dogs to determine the relationship of interstitial pressure to sodium excretion during renal vein constriction in the presence and absence of volume expansion. Renal interstitial pressure was measured from implanted capsules during basal renal venous pressure and increased pressures of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mmHg. A positive relationship between renal venous pressure and interstitial pressure was demonstrated in hydropenia and in volume expansion, with markedly higher interstitial pressures obtained in volume expansion. A positive correlation was demonstrated between fractional sodium excretion and renal interstitial pressure in hydropenia as compared to a significant negative correlation in volume expansion. Negative correlations were demonstrated in volume expansion between renal interstitial pressure and glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow as compared to no significant change in these parameters in hydropenia. Accordingly, a positive correlation was demonstrated between renal interstitial pressure and sodium excretion in hydropenia but not in volume expansion. Volume expansion was characterized by higher interstitial pressure and decreased sodium excretion in association with decreased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.
How and why to use ultrasound for regional blockade. (2008)

The practice of regional anaesthesia will be probably forever changed by the introduction of ultrasonography into everyday clinical practice. The ability to now visualise directly the spread of local anaesthetic solution and its relationship with the nerve allows for immediate adjustments to needle position and/or local anaesthetic volume and spread resulting theoratically in improved block performance through faster onset, reduced local anaesthetic volumes and higher success rates. However, whether US guided blocks will ever replace neurostimulation techniques is debatable especially when regional anaesthesia is performed by specialists in the field.
MPR-based flooding with distributed fountain network coding (2010)

This paper describes DiFCod, a protocol which is designed to reduce the number of transmissions required for flooding in wireless ad-hoc networks using network coding. We propose a simple distributed coding scheme which can be applied locally at each node. The efficiency of network coding is further enhanced by applying multiple point relays (MPR). The simulation results shows that flooding can be efficiently performed with DiFCode. Using a theoretical analysis, we show that DiFCode ensures that any packet generated at any node is delivered to the entire network with high probability.
Mean gain of avalanche photodiodes in a dead space model (1996)

Based on a first order expansion of the recursive equations, we derive approximate analytical expressions for the mean gain of avalanche photodiodes accounting for dead space effects. The analytical solutions are similar to the popular formula first obtained in local approximation, provided that the ionization coefficients, /spl alpha/ and /spl beta/, are replaced with suitable effective ionization coefficients depending on dead space. The approximate solutions are in good agreement with the exact numerical solutions of the recursive equations for p-i-n devices as well as for photodiodes with nonconstant electric field profile. We also show that dead space causes non negligible differences between the values of the effective ionization coefficients entering in carrier continuity equations, the carrier ionization probability per unit length and the ionization coefficients derived by experimenters from multiplication measurements.
Integration of Electrochemically Deposited Cu with Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition-Grown Cu Seed Layers (2007)

A promising plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) Cu process has been developed, and PEALD Cu layers have been investigated for use in multilevel damascene metallization. Continuous and conformal PEALD Cu layers as thin as 12 nm were deposited on blanket and high aspect ratio patterned substrates. The effects of hydrogen plasma pretreatments on the material and integration properties of the PEALD Cu process have been studied. Plasma pretreatments were observed to improve Cu nucleation and enable lower Cu resistivity and surface roughness. Void-free electrochemically deposited Cu fill was achieved on PEALD Cu-seeded high aspect ratio via structures. The plated Cu films possess a strong (111) texture inherited from the PEALD Cu seed layer.
Klotho Is a Novel β-Glucuronidase Capable of Hydrolyzing Steroid β-Glucuronides (2004)

klotho mutant mice provide a unique model to analyze mechanisms of aging because their phenotypes resemble those of human aging-associated disorders. The klotho gene encodes Klotho, a type I membrane protein that shares sequence similarity with members of the glycosidase family 1. Because Klotho lacks the glutamic acid residues that have been shown to be involved in the catalytic activity of this family of enzymes, the function of this protein was unknown. Here, we have studied the biochemical characteristics of recombinant Klotho. The purified chimeric Klotho-human IgG1 Fc protein (KLFc) was assayed with a series of 4-methylumbelliferyl (4Mu) beta-glycosides as potential substrates. An enzymatic activity of Klotho was observed only with 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucuronide in contrast to bovine liver beta-glucuronidase, which exhibits a rather wide substrate specificity. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of KLFc was reduced by the addition of specific inhibitors of beta-glucuronidase. A number of natural beta-glucuronides were screened by competitive inhibition for KLFc beta-glucuronidase. We found that steroid beta-glucuronides such as beta-estradiol 3-beta-D-glucuronide, estrone 3-beta-D-glucuronide, and estriol 3beta-D-glucuronide were hydrolyzed by KLFc. The artificial fluorescent substrate and the steroid conjugates share a common phenolic structure. Collectively, these data suggest that Klotho functions as a novel beta-glucuronidase and that steroid beta-glucuronides are potential candidates for the natural substrate(s) of Klotho.
Ventricular Tachycardia in Healing Canine Myocardial Infarction: Evidence for Multiple Reentrant Mechanisms (1997)

Prior studies have demonstrated that unimorphic VT, sometimes due to epicardial reentry, can be induced in healing canine MI; however, the characterization of the types of reentry involved has differed among prior studies. The purpose of this study was to further characterize the spectrum of epicardial reentrant circuits during induced VT in experimental canine MI. Experimental MI was created by total occlusion of the LAD in dogs. Five days later, programmed stimulation was used to induce VT, which was mapped on the epicardium using a combination of vector and isochronal techniques. Pathological analysis was used to determine regions of transmural MI. Epicardial reentrant circuits were identified in eight dogs. The mean cycle length of induced VT was 212 +/- 32 ms. In 3 of 8 experiments, a region of transmural MI was present, which formed at least a portion of a central zone of block around which reentrant impulses circulated. In five experiments, reentry was functional in nature, although the characteristics of the region of functional conduction block were variable. Long lines of functional block, short lines of block with slow conduction transverse to fiber orientation, and leading circle reentry were each observed in different experiments. Although a zone of slow conduction was identified in seven of the experiments, slow conduction transverse to fiber orientation appeared crucial in maintaining reentry in only three experiments. Multiple reentrant mechanisms of VT may be present in this single canine infarction model. Although a zone of slow conduction is usually present, the characteristics of the region of block are highly variable. However, epicardial reentry accounted for only a minority of induced arrhythmia episodes.
A 10ppm/&#x00B0;C 1.8V piecewise curvature-corrected bandgap reference in 0.5&#x00B5;m CMOS (2009)

A piecewise curvature-corrected bandgap reference (BGR) is presented. It features in utilizing a piecewise curvature-corrected current generator and an operational amplifier biased by a current proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) to a conventional first order BGR. The piecewise current corrects the nonlinear temperature term of the first-order BGR in the higher temperature range (TR). The PTAT biased current compensates the trans-conductance degradation of the operational amplifier with temperature. Measured result shows that the proposed BGR achieves temperature coefficient of 10 ppm/°C in the TR of 10-125°C, line regulation of 1.8 mV/V in the supply range of 1.7-4.0 V, power supply rejection (PSR) of -48 dB. It is fabricated in CSMC 0.5 μm mixed signal CMOS process with chip area of 400 × 300 μm and power consumption of 48μW.
ChemInform Abstract: Osmium‐Catalyzed Dihydroxylation of Olefins Using Dioxygen or Air as the Terminal Oxidant. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A method for the gross analysis of global protein acylation by gas–liquid chromatography (2018)

Protein acylation is a posttranslational modification in which an amino acid residue of a protein is acylated by a fatty acid. This process plays a key role in regulating proteomic function. Studies of protein acylation have relied on the development and application of extremely complicated molecular methods. However, global protein acylation can be profiled following hydrolysis of fatty acyl groups from cellular proteins. The present study aimed to develop a method for analysis of global protein acylation using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The total protein was extracted from the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Protein sedimentation and extensive wash were combined with differential O-, S-, or N-acyl hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydroxylamine (NH<sub>2</sub> OH), or hydrochloric acid (HCl), respectively. GLC with a flame ionization detector system was used to analyze changes in the fatty acid composition of the released lipids. The effect of selective inhibition of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) synthesis on global protein acylation and the expression of reprogramming markers were determined to further validate the proposed profiling approach. In all hydrolysis conditions, the amount of myristate released was significantly higher than of other fatty acids. Notable differences were observed in the release of individual fatty acids among the hydrolyzing agents. Only NH<sub>2</sub> OH could release significant amounts of palmitoleate (>2.5-fold vs. NaOH and HCl). The acylation assay indicates that treatment with a chemical inhibitor of monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis led to an overall increase in saturated fatty acid O- and N-acylation, and a decrease in palmitoleate O- and S-acylation of cellular proteins (<-15%). This was accompanied by significant reductions in the gene expression of the reprogramming markers Oct4 (-26%, P < 0.01) and Sox2 (-40%, P < 0.01). GLC-based analysis of global protein acylation affords a semi-quantitative method that can be used to assess the gross changes in the protein acylation profile during cell differentiation and reprogramming. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):340-346, 2019.
Small Molecules Targeting the Flavivirus E Protein with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Antiviral Efficacy in Vivo (2019)

Vaccines and antivirals to combat dengue, Zika, and other flavivirus pathogens present a major, unmet medical need. Vaccine development has been severely challenged by the antigenic diversity of these viruses and the propensity of non-neutralizing, cross-reactive antibodies to facilitate cellular infection and increase disease severity. As an alternative, direct-acting antivirals targeting the flavivirus envelope protein, E, have the potential to act via an analogous mode of action without the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection and disease. We previously discovered that structurally diverse small molecule inhibitors of the dengue virus E protein exhibit varying levels of antiviral activity against other flaviviruses in cell culture. Here, we demonstrate that the broad-spectrum activity of several cyanohydrazones against dengue, Zika, and Japanese encephalitis viruses is due to specific inhibition of E-mediated membrane fusion during viral entry and provide proof of concept for pharmacological inhibition of E as an antiviral strategy in vivo.
Abstract 4110: Downregulation of telomerase activity in response to epoxomicin in MM cells. (2013)

Abstract Background Proteasome inhibitors are effective drugs against multiple myeloma (MM). The mechanism of action of these pleiotropic agents has not been yet fully elucidated. The importance of telomerase activity (TA) in MM has been repeatedly demonstrated. Previously we showed that the first generation proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (B) inhibits TA in MM cells by both transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms and has a potential clinical significance. In the current study we evaluated the anti telomerase activity of the new generation of proteasome inhibitors, epoxomicin (EP) and MG132 (MG) in order to clarify whether telomerase inhibition represents a class effect. Methods MM cell lines, ARP-1, CAG, RPMI 8226 and U266 were exposed to EP or MG for 24-48 hours. Viability was assessed by the WST-1 and Trypan Blue exclusion assays, TA by the TRAP assay, hTERT expression by real time PCR, transcription factors (TF) binding by the ChIP assay and post-translational modifications were evaluated by IP and Western blot. Results EP and MG differentially downregulated the proliferation and TA in all MM cell lines. The downregulation of TA and hTERT (the gene encoding for telomerase) expression was faster in CAG than ARP-1 cells. EP was more potent than MG and therefore further mechanistic studies were performed on this compound. The inhibition of TA was mainly transcriptionally regulated and the phosphorylation of the enzyme was not changed. The binding of three positive regulator transcription factors (TF): SP1, c-Myc and NFκB to the hTERT promoter was decreased by EP in CAG cells as well as their total cellular concentrations. In ARP-1 cells the SP1 and c-MYC binding and content were similarly affected by EP while NFκB was not affected. Interestingly the transcription factor WT-1 (Wilms’ tumor-1) exhibited an increased binding to the hTERT promoter while its total cellular amount remained unchanged. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the effects of EP and MG on TA in MM. These results combined with our previous study of bortezomib define telomerase as a general target for proteasome inhibitors. The inhibitory effect on TA is exerted on several regulatory levels, transcriptional and post translational. SP1, C-Myc and NFkB were involved in mediating these effects. A novel finding of this study is the role of WT-1. WT-1 appears as a negative regulator of hTERT expression. The results of this study may contribute to future development of telomerase inhibition as a therapeutic modality in MM. Citation Format: Orit Uziel, Naama Shalem, Einat Beery, Jardena Nordenberg, Mary Bakhanashvili, Anna Gutkin, Meir Lahav. Downregulation of telomerase activity in response to epoxomicin in MM cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4110
Dynamic Contact Angles in Low Voltage Electrowetting-On-Dielectric Systems (2013)

Abstract not Available.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Deficient Carbocations. Direct Observation of α‐ Carbonylmethyl Cations by Laser Flash Photolysis. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Long-term outcome of patients with peripheral ground-glass opacity–dominant lung cancer after sublobar resections (2023)

Peripheral ground-glass opacity-dominant lung cancer is cured by sublobar resection, with wedge resection as the first choice, and the indications for other treatment options should be further investigated. The incidence of second cancer is similar to that in the general Japanese population.
Helical Turbines for the Gulf Stream: Conceptual Approach to Design of a Large-Scale Floating Power Farm (1998)

This paper describes the helical turbine as an efficient new instrument for converting the kinetic energy of hydro streams into electric or other mechanical energy. A multi-megawatt project is proposed, conceived as an ocean power farm equipped with a number of helical turbines, along with a floating factory for in situ production of hydrogen fuel by means of electrolyzing ocean waters. Besides mega hydro-power farms, mini-power stations with helical turbines of a few kilowatts each are also proposed as possibilities for small communities or even individual households located near tidal shorelines or river banks with strong water currents. No construction of hydro dams is necessary for such applications.
Deposition of Airborne Sulfate, Nitrate, and Chloride Salts as It Relates to Corrosion of Electronics (1990)

Corrosion of electronic equipment and devices is caused by a combination of corrosive gas and corrosive particle deposition to surfaces. Chemical and electrochemical interactions of these gases and particles with the surfaces contributes to the degradation and eventual wear out of the equipment or, in extreme cases, to premature failure. While the reactions of corrosive gases with materials used in electronics have been investigated in some detail, degradation caused by particles has received little attention. In earlier studies, we reported on single point measurements of airborne concentrations and multiple point measurements of surface accumulation rates of corrosive ionic substances at electronic equipment installations. From that data it could not be determined if the large variations (more than a factor of two) in surface accumulation rates of the major ionic substances were a result of variations in airborne concentrations of the corrosive ions or in the deposition process. In this study compact personal air sampling pumps have been used to collect corrosive species contained in total suspended particulates at many sites within an equipment room at locations in Newark, New Jersey, and Neenah, Wisconsin. The airborne concentrations of the major corrosive ionic substances measured across the equipment rooms exhibit variations of < ± 15%. This work shows that: (i) airborne indoor concentrations of these corrosive species are sufficiently constant (σ is 8 and 2% of the mean for fine particle sulfate at Newark and Neenah, respectively) across the equipment room that results from a single sampler are representative of the concentrations across the entire room; and (ii) the variation in surface accumulation rates of corrosive ionic substances (σ is 46 and 36% of the mean for fine particle sulfate at Newark and Neenah, respectively) is not attributable to the airborne concentrations and thus should be attributed to other factors probably related to air currents. This work further demonstrates that designing equipment and air distribution networks to minimize turbulence at surfaces is likely to reduce corrosion and degradation by at least a factor of 2–5.
Spin-Polarized Photoelectrons from Fe, Co, and Ni (1971)

This experiment shows that photoelectrons from $3d$ ferromagnets exhibit a large spin polarization, which is in contrast to earlier investigations. The degree of polarization of electrons emitted from the neighborhood of the Fermi level was found to be + 54%, + 21%, and + 15% for Fe, Co, and Ni, respectively. The preferential direction of the magnetic moment is parallel to the magnetization, and this provides strong evidence against the applicability of the Stoner-Wohlfarth-Slater band theory for the interpretation of photoemission data. On introducing disorder in the lattice by depositing thin films onto cold substrates, the spin polarization decreases; for Fe and Ni the decrease scales with the number of Bohr magnetons per atom.
Observation of Single-Electron Transport in a Zn0.8Mg0.2O/ZnO Coaxial Heterostructure Nanorod (2008)

Coaxial Zn0.8Mg0.2O/ZnO hetrostructure semiconducting nanorods with different band gaps were fabricated on oxide-layer-covered Si substrates by using catalyst-free metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. The electrical conduction of nanorods with Ti/Au Schottky-contact electrodes, taken at various temperatures down to 50 mK, revealed a Coulomb-blockade behavior, pointing a multiple quantum-dot structure existing in the ZnO nanorod core or in the Zn0.8Mg0.2O cylindrical shell over a wide range of gate voltages. These characteristics, transformed into single-dot ones at high positive gate voltages. This study confirms, by electrical conduction measurements, the formation of a coaxial heterojunction structure between materials of two different band gaps and provides a possibility for utilizing the structure for three-terminal device applications.
Aminohydroxybutane bisphosphonate inhibits bone loss due to immobilization in rats (1990)

The purpose of this study was to document the effects of aminobutane bisphosphonate (AHBuP) on bone remodeling during immobilization in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral sciatic neurectomy after receiving two daily subcutaneous injections of 0, 0.01, 0.10, or 1.0 mg P per kg AHBuP. Rats were sacrificed at 24 h or 10 or 20 days postimmobilization. Femora were ashed and tibiae were prepared for histomorphometric analysis. AHBuP was effective in inhibiting bone loss due to immobilization in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage loss of femoral ash weight due to immobilization decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In vehicle-treated rats, there was a significant decrease in trabecular bone volume (TBV) in the immobilized tibiae compared to the normal tibiae; in AHBuP-treated rats there was a dose-dependent increase in TBV both in the immobilized and control tibiae. The osteoid surface extent was decreased in AHBuP-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. The mineral apposition rate was altered only in the intact leg of rats treated with 0.1 and 1.0 mg P AHBuP per kg compared to vehicle treated. Osteoclast number per mm was reduced by AHBuP treatment. In conclusion, aminohydroxybutane bisphosphonate effectively prevented the bone loss due to immobilization in this system.