gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Panopticon: A lock broker architecture for scalable transactions in the datacenter (2015)

For datacenter applications that require tight synchronization, transactions are commonly employed for achieving concurrency while preserving correctness. Unfortunately, distributed transactions are hard to scale due to the decentralized lock acquisition and coordination protocols they employ. We investigate the use of a centralized lock broker architecture to improve the efficiency/scalability for distributed transactions, and present the design and development of such a framework, called Panopticon. Panopticon achieves efficiency/scalability by divorcing locks from the data items and migrating locks to improve lock access locality. More specifically, the lock broker mediates the access to data shared across servers by migrating the associated locks like tokens, and in the process learns and improves the access locality of transactions. Our experiments show that Panopticon performs better than distributed transactions as the number of data items and number of servers involved in transactions increase. Moreover, as the history locality (the probability of using the same objects in consecutive transactions) increase, Panopticon's lock migration strategies improve lock-access locality and result in significantly better performance. Finally, we also show that, by employing simple learning techniques, the broker can further improve the lock access locality and, hence, the performance of distributed transactions.
Report on accelerated corrosion studies. (2011)

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) conducted accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing for the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help further the understanding of the development of corrosion products on conductor materials in household electrical components exposed to environmental conditions representative of homes constructed with problem drywall. The conditions of the accelerated testing were chosen to produce corrosion product growth that would be consistent with long-term exposure to environments containing humidity and parts per billion (ppb) levels of hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) that are thought to have been the source of corrosion in electrical components from affected homes. This report documents the test set-up, monitoring of electrical performance of powered electrical components during the exposure, and the materials characterization conducted on wires, screws, and contact plates from selected electrical components. No degradation in electrical performance (measured via voltage drop) was measured during the course of the 8-week exposure, which was approximately equivalent to 40 years of exposure in a light industrial environment. Analyses show that corrosion products consisting of various phases of copper sulfide, copper sulfate, and copper oxide are found on exposed surfaces of the conductor materials including wires, screws, and contact plates. The morphology and the thickness of the corrosion products showed a range of character. In some of the copper wires that were observed, corrosion product had flaked or spalled off the surface, exposing fresh metal to the reaction with the contaminant gasses; however, there was no significant change in the wire cross-sectional area.
Uncovering Secretory Secrets: Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Glucosidases Suggests a Critical Role for ER Quality Control in Plant Growth and Development (2001)

Alessandro Vitale, Uncovering Secretory Secrets: Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Glucosidases Suggests a Critical Role for ER Quality Control in Plant Growth and Development, The Plant Cell, Vol. 13, No. 6 (Jun., 2001), pp. 1260-1262
Modelling of Micro-Segregation in a 1C-1.5Cr Type Bearing Steel (2015)

The connection between the cleanliness of bearing steels and their reliability has been well documented and there is a wide acknowledgment in industry that the early steps in steel processing (including secondary metallurgy, casting, homogenisation heat treatments, and rolling) have a profound effect upon the inclusion characteristics within the material. There is, however, little systematic work showing the progression of how the final bearing properties are intrinsically linked to the initial steelmaking. The effect on rolling contact fatigue of chemical segregation that leads to carbide banding in bearing steels is not well understood. A Scheil–Gulliver approach was used to investigate the extent of segregation in a 100CrMnMoSi8-4-6 bearing steel on the scale of a secondary dendrite arm and the composition variations are shown in the results. A simple finite differences model to solve Fick’s second law was then applied to establish how the composition distributions vary over time during a high temperature homogenisation treatment. The effect of hot rolling upon microsegregation is also investigated using electron probe micro analysis (EPMA). The impact of the microsegregation upon microstructure can be investigated using a thermodynamic approach to identifying the carbides that form in solute rich and solute depleted regions, and combining this with models for nucleation and growth kinetics. These microstructural variations can cause carbide bands that are present in rolled bearing steels and could lead to property variations on the micrometre scale and influence crack propagation along bands. Likewise, the effect of segregated regions upon large primary inclusions can be investigated in a similar way and it can be shown that manganese sulfides are only stable within solute rich regions. These large inclusions could act as stress raisers during rolling contact fatigue. From this work, a picture emerges of processing and property relationships, from initial ingot casting and through hot rolling. This may aid in identifying and quantifying the key processing parameters to control during early steel production that might improve rolling contact fatigue life.
4K Ultra High Definition Video Coding Using Homogeneous Motion Discovery Oriented Prediction (2017)

State of the art video compression techniques use the motion model to approximate geometric boundaries of moving objects where motion discontinuities occur. Motion hints based inter- frame prediction paradigm moves away from this redundant approach and employs an innovative framework consisting of motion hint fields that are continuous and invertible, at least, over their respective domains. However, estimation of motion hint is computationally demanding, in particular for high resolution video sequences. Discovery of homogeneous motion models and their associated masks over the current frame and then use these models and masks to form a prediction of the current frame, provides a computationally simpler approach to video coding compared to motion hint. In this paper, the potential of this coherent motion model based approach, equipped with bigger blocks, is investigated for coding 4K Ultra High Definition (UHD) video sequences. Experimental results show a savings in bit rate of 4.68% is achievable over standalone HEVC.
Structure and function of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system in platelets (2020)

Platelets are small anucleate blood cells with a life span of 7 to 10 days. They are main regulators of hemostasis. Balanced platelet activity is crucial to prevent bleeding or occlusive thrombus formation. Growing evidence supports that platelets also participate in immune reactions, and interaction between platelets and leukocytes contributes to both thrombosis and inflammation. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a key role in maintaining cellular protein homeostasis by its ability to degrade non-functional self-, foreign, or short-lived regulatory proteins. Platelets express standard and immunoproteasomes. Inhibition of the proteasome impairs platelet production and platelet function. Platelets also express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Peptide fragments released by proteasomes can bind to MHC class I, which makes it also likely that platelets can activate epitope specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In this review, we focus on current knowledge on the significance of the proteasome for the functions of platelets as critical regulators of hemostasis as well as modulators of the immune response.
Pharmacogenomics of Bortezomib in Multiple Myeloma Patients Reveals That the Ubiquitin Ligase SCF-Skp2 Promotes Drug Resistance (2015)

Abstract The ability to couple cancer patients with genetically-targeted therapeutic strategies remains a major challenge due to the heterogeneous and evolvable nature of individual tumors. This is particularly true of the molecularly diverse and complex disease multiple myeloma (MM). Clinical efficacy of the proteasome inhibitor (PI) Bortezomib (VelcadeTM) established the Ub+proteasome system (UPS) as a key target in MM. While the therapeutic benefit of PIs in MM remains unchallenged, many patients do not respond to therapy and drug resistance develops nearly uniformly. Despite marked therapeutic advances for most patients with MM, outcomes remain poor for 15% to 20% of patients presenting with high-risk disease defined by host-related and tumor-related factors and expert guidelines recommend enrollment in a clinical trial for the majority of patients who will ultimately fail approved therapies.The Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase SCFSkp2 promotes ubiquitination and degradation of the cell-cycle inhibitor p27. Increased SKP2 expression and reduced p27 levels are frequent in human cancers and are associated with therapeutic resistance and poor prognosis. SCFSkp2 ubiquitination activity is increased by Commd1, a copper metabolism MURR1 domain-containing 1 protein that binds Cul1 and by Cks1B that increases binding of phosphorylated p27 to Skp2. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that has remarkably improved multiple myeloma (MM) patient outcome, but dose-limiting toxicities and development of resistance limit its long-term utility. Here, we observed higher CUL1 and COMMD1 mRNA levels in Bortezomib-resistant patient MM cells and correlated higher CUL1, COMMD1, SKP2 and CKS1B levels with decreased survival. Genetic knockdown of CUL1 or COMMD1 disrupted the SCFSkp2 complex, stabilized p27, synergistically increased the generation of annexin-positive cells by bortezomib and enhanced the anti-myeloma effect of PIs against resistant cells. Chemical library screening identified a novel compound, DT204, that reduced Skp2 association with Cul1 and Commd1, inhibited p27 degradation and induced synergistic anti-MM activity combined with Bortezomib in patient tumor cells and chemoresistant stem cell-like cells to overcame Bortezomib resistance. Bortezomib treatment with DT204 also reduced the growth of xenotransplanted myeloma cells in mouse models and prolongs host survival. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the SCFSkp2 -p27 axis represents a major determinant in the ability of Bortezomib to induce apoptosis in MM and provide proof-of-concept for the combination of SCFSkp2 inhibitors with Bortezomib as a strategy to overcome Bortezomib resistance. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Experiments on cervical embryo transfer in cattle-Effects of paper sheath covering transfer instruments on pregnancy rates and uterine bacterialcontaminations-. (1982)

人工授精用のストロー精液注入器を用いた頸管経由によるウシ受精卵の移植において,移植器具に紙の覆いを付けて腟内に挿入した場合,この紙の覆いが受胎成績に及ぼす効果と子宮内への細菌汚染の防止効果の可能性について検討した。試験1においては,7頭の過剰排卵処理を施した未経産牛から性周期の7～8日目に回収した46個の受精卵をそれぞれの供卵牛ごとに紙の覆いを使用する場合(第1群)と使用しない場合(第2群)の2群に分けて,いずれも1頭の受卵牛に1卵ずつ,同一術者が46頭の未経産牛に移植を行った。その結果,第1群の移植による受胎率は63.6%(14/22)で,第2群の33.3%(8/24)との間には有意差(P<0.05)を認めた。試験2においては,性周期の7～9日目の未経産牛20頭を10頭ずつの2群に分けて,紙の覆いを付けた移植器具(第1群)と付けない器具(第2群)によって,頸管経由の移植操作を行った。その後,器具を腟外に引き抜き,器具に納めたストロー内の培養液(BMOC-3)を滅菌試験管に注入し,それを検体として中の混入物を検査した。その結果,粘液や粘膜片の混入は全例に認められたが,細菌学的検査では第1群は第2群に比べて細菌の検出された例数および細菌数が少なかった。とくに,嫌気培養では第1群の中で細菌が認められたものは10頭中1頭であったが,第2群では10頭中6頭に細菌が検出された。これらの成績から,著者らの使用した移植器具は紙の覆いを付けないで腟に挿入すると多数の細菌を子宮内に持ち込む機会が多いが,覆いを付けて子宮頸管外口付近まで挿入することによって,その機会を減少させることができるものと考えられた。また,このように子宮内への細菌汚染を防止することによって受胎率が向上することが示唆された。
Biophysical simulation of cortical associative memory (1996)

The associative memory function of the brain is an active area of experimental and theoretical research. This thesis describes the construction of a model of cortical auto-associative memory. Conceptually, it is based on Hebb&amp;apos;s cell assembly hypothesis. The quantitative description comes from a class of artificial neural networks, ANN, with recurrent connectivity and attractor dynamics. More specifically, this work has concentrated on problems related to how this formal network description could be translated into a neurobiological model. In this work I have used a relatively detailed description of the neurons which includes changes over time for the potential and current distributions of the different parts of the cell, as well as calcium ion flux and some of its electrophysiological effects. The features of this associative memory model are interpreted in Gestalt psychological terms and discussed in relation to features of priming, as gained from memory psychological experiments. Th...
Expression of CD24 in Human Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Regulated by TGFβ3 and Induces a Myofibroblast‐Like Genotype (2015)

Human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) derived from the adult organism hold great promise for diverse settings in regenerative medicine. Therefore a more complete understanding of hBMSC biology to fully exploit the cells' potential for clinical settings is important. The protein CD24 has been reported to be involved in a diverse range of processes such as cancer, adaptive immunity, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases in other cell types. Its expression in hBMSCs, which has not yet been analyzed, may add an important aspect in the understanding of hBMSC biology. The present study therefore analyzes the expression, regulation, and functional implication of the surface protein CD24 in hBMSCs. Methods used are stimulation studies with TGF beta as well as shRNA-mediated knockdown and overexpression of CD24 followed by microarray, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometric analyses. To our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that the expression of CD24 is an inherent property of hBMSCs. Importantly, the data links the upregulation of CD24 to the adoption of a myofibroblast-like gene expression pattern in hBMSCs. We demonstrate that CD24 is an important modulator in transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) signaling with a reciprocal regulatory relationship between these two proteins.
Highly Enriched Mixtures of Methohexital Stereoisomers by Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylation and Their Anaesthetic Activity (2003)

Abstract The stereoselective Pd‐catalyzed allylation of MBA [5‐(2′‐hex‐3′‐ynyl)‐1‐methylbarbituric acid] gives the commercial injection narcotic methohexital, which exists as four isomers: two diastereomeric pairs of enantiomers. The isomer composition produced depends on three stereochemical parameters: catalyst control, substrate control, and kinetic resolution. Judicious choice of these parameters allowed the synthesis of methohexital samples with greatly differing isomer compositions, and these samples were investigated with respect to their anaesthetic doses in rats. Some isomer compositions obtained were much more active than the commercially used drug and showed fewer side effects. As a consequence of the determination of the absolute configuration of the methohexital ( S b R h ) isomer, the unknown configuration of the trade product, the so‐called α‐racemate, can be established as ( R b S h ) and ( S b R h ). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Modulation of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 2 and Implication for Neurodegeneration (2006)

These results suggest calcium modulation could be exploited as therapeutic strategy to modulate pressure-induced PAD2 expression and citrullination.
Supplemental Figures 1-5 from Increased Expression of System x<sub>c</sub><sup>−</sup> in Glioblastoma Confers an Altered Metabolic State and Temozolomide Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Pharmacologic inhibition with SSZ inhibits proliferation of U251 glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner while increasing apoptosis. Supplementary Figure 2. Establishment of stable lentivirus-transduced shSLC7A11 and SLC7A11 U251 glioma cell lines. Supplementary Figure 3. SLC7A11 over-expressing U251 glioma is more resistant to oxidative stress. Supplementary Figure 4. SLC7A11 over-expressing U251 glioma is more resistant to apoptosis induced by TMZ. Supplementary Figure 5. Gene expression changes upon SLC7A11 knock-down in U251 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
[Spinal and pulmonary tuberculosis]. (2002)

The paper presents the results of a study of the clinical course of tuberculous spondylitis of combined pulmonary tuberculosis in 86 patients admitted from different areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Patients with tuberculosis of the spine and lung have been shown to have a more unfavourable course of a specific process in the bony tissue and lung. The tuberculous process is accompanied by severe intoxication, pain syndromes. The severity of the process is aggravated if there are extensive suppurative processes around an osseous focus. These patients have varying severe cerebrospinal disorders. Moreover, patients with combined forms of the process more frequently exhibit concomitant nonspecific visceral diseases.
Supplementary Figures from miRNA-520f Reverses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting <i>ADAM9</i> and <i>TGFBR2</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The supplementary figures file contains additional data that are not provided in the main text (because of space constraints). Fig. S1, Data on the miR-520f expression models, incl. phase-contrast images; Fig. S2, Schematic representation of SOEing PCR; Fig. S3, Reporter and cell line models to study EMT-reversal; Fig. S4, Membranous E-cadherin staining in PANC-1 cells; Fig. S5, Overview of the 3'-UTR reporter vectors; Fig. S6, Additional data on the in vivo (mouse) experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
Modified Pb(Mg<inf>1/3</inf>Nb<inf>2/3</inf>)O<inf>3</inf>-PbTiO<inf>3</inf> Single Crystals for High Temperature Application (2006)

The temperature usage range of rhombohedral Pb(Mg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/3</sub> Nb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sub> )O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -PbTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (PMNT) piezoelectric crystals is limited by the Curie temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> ) and further limited by the strongly curved morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). It is found in PMNT crystals that T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> decreases or keeps constant at low dc bias and then increases with increasing field, while the ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F-F</sub> ) decreases with increasing dc bias, expanding the tetragonal region and decreasing the overall temperature usage range. Modifications to Bridgman grown PMNT crystals have been made based on a perovskite tolerance factor relationship in an attempt to increase T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F-F</sub> , and the usage temperature range.
Spray deposition of sulfonated cellulose nanofibers as electrolyte membranes in fuel cells (2021)

Abstract Nanocellulose is a promising new membrane material for fuel cells, with much lower cost and environmental impact compared with Nafion or Aquivion. It is mechanically strong, is an excellent hydrogen barrier and has reasonable proton conductivity. Here, sulfonation of cellulose nanofibers is performed to enhance the conductivity (up to 2 × 10 − 3 S cm − 1 ) without compromising the membrane integrity, and fuel cells are fabricated with 30 µm-thick “paper” membranes. The hydrogen crossover current is two orders of magnitude lower than for Nafion fuel cells with equivalent thickness, but the power density is rather low. Spray-coating is used to deposit 8 µm-thick membranes directly onto the electrocatalyst layer, in a process analogous to 3D printing or additive manufacturing. The resulting paper fuel cell has high current density (&gt; 0.8 A cm − 2 ) and power density (156 mW cm − 2 ) under standard measurement conditions (H 2 /air; 80°C; 95% RH; 0.1 MPa), attributed to decreased membrane resistance. The cost of the spray-painted cellulose membranes is calculated to be ~ 50 $ m − 2 , which is much lower than that of Nafion, even without taking into consideration economies of scale. This new concept in electrochemical energy conversion paves the way for the mass production of affordable, recyclable fuel cells. Graphic abstract
Identification of markers linked to agronomic traits in globe artichoke (2008)

Abstract Color head and precocity of production are two important agronomic traits in globe artichoke which determine the acceptance of the product in the market. 118 F 2 plants were analyzed for two agronomic traits, color head and precocity of production. Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) and Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) were used to detect molecular markers linked to the traits. Ten plants with the same trait were used to constitute the bulks, which were screened with seven SRAP pair primers. We detected one band/marker that may be linked to the green color head and one band/marker that may be associated with precocity in head production. The results obtained show that the BSA and SRAP analyses are useful to identify molecular markers associated with agronomic traits. The identified markers will potentially be used in molecular marker aided-selection (MAS) for breeding programs in globe artichoke. Keywords: Globe artichoke, Molecular markers, SRAP, BSA, MAS.
Growth of Ge Nanofilms Using Electrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition, with a “Bait and Switch” Surface-Limited Reaction (2011)

Ge nanofilms were deposited from aqueous solutions using the electrochemical analog of atomic layer deposition (ALD). Direct electrodeposition of Ge from an aqueous solution is self-limited to a few monolayers, depending on the pH. This report describes an E-ALD process for the growth of Ge films from aqueous solutions. The E-ALD cycle involved inducing a Ge atomic layer to deposit on a Te atomic layer formed on Ge, via underpotential deposition (UPD). The Te atomic layer was then reductively stripped from the deposit, leaving the Ge and completing the cycle. The Te atomic layer was bait for Ge deposition, after which the Te was switched out, reduced to a soluble telluride, leaving the Ge (one "bait and switch" cycle). Deposit thickness was a linear function of the number of cycles. Raman spectra indicated formation of an amorphous Ge film, consistent with the absence of a XRD pattern. Films were more stable and homogeneous when formed on Cu substrates, than on Au, due to a larger hydrogen overpotential, and the corresponding lower tendency to form bubbles.
Intraparenchymal leiomyoma of the breast: report of a case with emphasis on needle core biopsy-based diagnosis. (2013)

The present case emphasizes that diagnosis of leiomyoma of the breast parenchyma can be confidentially rendered on needle core biopsy. We believe that correct diagnosis is primarily dependent on the awareness that this tumour can arise in this unusual site on rare occasions.