gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moments model for a continuous sorbet crystallization process (2011)

Freezing is an important step in the manufacturing process of ice-cream and sorbet, since the operating conditions have a strong influence on the micro-structure, and consequently on the sensorial attributes of the final product. This paper presents a model for a continuous sorbet crystallization process approach based on\nthe moments model approach and its validation with experimental data. The moments model was used to characterize the influence of the operating conditions during sorbet freezing such as: the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant fluid, the mix flow rate and the dasher rotation speed, on the final product characteristics such as: ice crystal size and draw temperature. The moments model includes heterogeneous nucleation and growth phenomena, has low computational requirements and is quite adapted for optimization or process control tasks.
Dianion and Dication of Tetracyclopentatetraphenylene as Decoupled Annulene‐within‐an‐Annulene Models (2021)

Abstract The dianion and dication of tetramesityl‐substituted tetracyclopentatetraphenylene, a circulene consisting of alternating five‐ and six‐membered rings, have been generated by reduction with alkali metals and oxidation with antimony(V) halides, respectively. They are theoretically predicted to adopt double annulenoid structures called annulene‐within‐an‐annulene models in which the outer and inner conjugation circuits are significantly decoupled. The theoretical structures were experimentally proven by X‐ray crystallographic analyses and the electronic configurations were supported by MCD spectra. Based on the 13 C NMR chemical shifts, negative and positive charges are shown to be located mainly at the outer periphery, indicating that the dianion and dication have delocalized 22‐π and 18‐π electron outer perimeters, respectively, and 8‐π electron structure at the inner ring. Notably, the dianion has an open‐shell character, whereas the dication has a closed‐shell ground state.
The animated man: a life of Walt Disney (2007)

Plates Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: It's All Me 1 Pet in the Family On the Farm and in the City, 1901--1923 2 A Cute Idea The Self-Taught Filmmaker, 1923--1928 3 You've Got to Really Be Minnie Building a Better Mouse, 1928--193 4 This Character Was a Live Person The Leap to Feature Films, 1934--1938 5 A Drawing Factory Ambition's Price, 1938--1941 6 A Queer, Quick, Delightful Gink On a Treadmill, 1941--1947 7 Caprices and Spurts of Childishness Escaping from Animation, 1947--1953 8 He Was Interested in Something Else Escaping from Film, 1953--1959 9 Where I Am Happy Restless in the Magic Kingdom, 1959--1965 10 He Drove Himself Right Up to the End Dreaming of a Nightmare City, 1965--1966 Afterword: Let's Never Not Be a Silly Company Notes Index
Method on improving measurement accuracy and precision of transmission line clearance distance (2016)

UHV DC transmission lines with the advantages of high electric power transmission capacity and long transmission distance have been successfully applied in China, of which operation security and reliability is of great importance to the power grid. Line corridors and channel operation, maintenance and patrol task is important to ensure the reliability of UHV DC transmission lines. Aiming at UHV DC transmission lines clearance distance measurement difficulties, such as large measurement error problem, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for aerial photography was applied in this article, and with the help of the professional 3D graphics image processing software to generate to rapid, completed digital elevation model and digital orthogonal projection. To realize digital 3D effect real display for transmission lines, a custom software development was applied, by which transmission operation managers simply clicked objects to complete the automatically the minimum clearance distance check calculation for conductors of UHV transmission lines. The minimum clearance distance management system can effectively solve the clearance measure problems to enhance the complex transmission channel measurements and operation management, which is benefit for the construction the smart transmission lines.
Increased NGF mRNA expression in denervated rat skin (1993)

Using a coupled reverse transcription and competitive polymerase chain reaction protocol, we have measured Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) mRNA expression in adult rat skin following its denervation. By 2-4 days, levels of NGF mRNA were increased approximately 5-10 fold over levels in innervated skin, remaining increased for up to at least 2 weeks. In situ hybridization carried out on skin samples revealed that the NGF message was expressed not only in the distal nerve pathways but also in non-nerve associated cells, such as dermal fibroblasts, and in the basal epidermal layer. Denervated skin evokes a NGF-dependent collateral sprouting from neighbouring intact sensory axons. The new findings indicate that an increased NGF production is associated with the increased availability of NGF in such skin, and that cutaneous nerves have a role in regulating this NGF production.
On the Stability and Performance of Remote DOE Laser Cutting (2016)

When considering remote laser cutting, the literature often discusses two methods: remote fusion cutting (RFC) and remote ablation cutting. It has previously been hypothesised that remote cutting can be conducted by modifying the intensity profile of the laser beam by means of a diffractive optical element. In this study, the effect of travel speed, focus offset and angle of incidence on the stability of remote cutting with a customized beam pattern was investigated. The study is based on a set of remote cutting experiments conducted on a 3 kW single mode fiber laser in 0.5 mm stainless steel. The study showed that remote cutting is obtainable with speeds ranging from 800 mm/min-1600 mm/min by using an average laser power of 630 W. Furthermore, the experimental results showed that the cutting stability remained high for a larger range of incident angles.
Convenient Synthesis of Methyl 1-Methyl-2,4-dibromo-5-imidazolecarboxylate (1988)

Three syntheses of methyl 1-methyl-2,4-dibromo-5-imidazolecarboxylate (8) are presented. One proceeds from sarcosine via ring closure, bromination, and desulfurization. The second uses N-methylimidazole, polybromination, and selective halogen-metal interchange. The third and most efficient and preparatively useful route begins with diaminomaleonitrile (13). Ring closure with triethyl orthoformate followed by methylation and hydrolysis affords 1-methyl-4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid (16). Regioselective decarboxylation followed by esterification yields methyl 1-methyl-5-imidazolecarboxylate (18). Subsequent dibromination gives the completely substituted imidazole 8. The primary purification in this sequence is fractional sublimation of 18 after the esterification step. An overall yield of 26% is achieved from diaminomaleonitrile (13) to methyl 1-methyl-2,4-dibromo-5-imidazolecarboxylate (8), which is a key intermediate for the synthesis of tricyclic imidazo cooked food mutagens.
Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimation (2019)

In this paper, we are interested in the human pose estimation problem with a focus on learning reliable high-resolution representations. Most existing methods recover high-resolution representations from low-resolution representations produced by a high-to-low resolution network. Instead, our proposed network maintains high-resolution representations through the whole process. We start from a high-resolution subnetwork as the first stage, gradually add high-to-low resolution subnetworks one by one to form more stages, and connect the mutli-resolution subnetworks in parallel. We conduct repeated multi-scale fusions such that each of the high-to-low resolution representations receives information from other parallel representations over and over, leading to rich high-resolution representations. As a result, the predicted keypoint heatmap is potentially more accurate and spatially more precise. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our network through the superior pose estimation results over two benchmark datasets: the COCO keypoint detection dataset and the MPII Human Pose dataset. In addition, we show the superiority of our network in pose tracking on the PoseTrack dataset. The code and models have been publicly available at https://github.com/leoxiaobin/deep-high-resolution-net.pytorch.
Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Promotes Cell Migration and Invasion via Down-Regulation of RNA Binding Motif Protein 38 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (2014)

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR exerts regulatory functions in various biological processes in cancer cells, such as proliferation, apoptosis, mobility, and invasion. We previously found that HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is a negative prognostic factor and exhibits oncogenic activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in promoting HCC cell migration and invasion. Firstly, we profiled its gene expression pattern by microarray analysis of HOTAIR loss in Bel-7402 HCC cell line. The results showed that 129 genes were significantly down-regulated, while 167 genes were significantly up-regulated (fold change >2, p < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that RNA binding proteins were involved in this biological process. HOTAIR suppression using RNAi strategy with HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of RNA binding motif protein 38 (RBM38). Moreover, the expression levels of RBM38 in HCC specimens were significantly lower than paired adjacent noncancerous tissues. In addition, knockdown of HOTAIR resulted in a decrease of cell migration and invasion, which could be specifically rescued by down-regulation of RBM38. Taken together, HOTAIR could promote migration and invasion of HCC cells by inhibiting RBM38, which indicated critical roles of HOTAIR and RBM38 in HCC progression.
Hydriding of titanium: Recent trends and perspectives in advanced characterization and multiscale modeling (2022)

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are attractive for a wide variety of structural and functional applications owing to excellent specific strength, toughness and stiffness, and corrosion resistance. However, if exposed to hydrogen sources, these alloys are susceptible to hydride formation in the form of TiHx (0 < x ≤ 2), leading to crack initiation and mechanical failure due to lattice deformation and stress accumulation. The kinetics of the hydriding process depends on several factors, including the critical saturation threshold for hydrogen within Ti, the specific interaction of hydrogen with protective surface oxide, the rates of mass transport, and the kinetics of nucleation and phase transformation. Unfortunately, key knowledge gaps and challenges remain regarding the details of these coupled processes, which take place across vast ranges of time and length scales and are often difficult to probe directly. This work reviews recent advances in multiscale characterization and modeling efforts in Ti hydriding. We identify unanswered questions and key challenges, propose new perspectives on how to solve these remaining issues, and close knowledge gaps by discussing and demonstrating specific opportunities for integrating advanced characterization and multiscale modeling to elucidate chemistry and composition, microstructure phenomena, and macroscale performance and testing.
A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO THE CONTROL OF PATHOGENS: THE FATE OF STREPTOCOCCI IN EQUINE COMPOST. (2015)

Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi), causes the potentially fatal respiratory disease called “strangles” in horses, while the closely related Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) causes potentially fatal infections in humans. A study was undertaken to determine the survival of these two organisms in equine compost. Compost piles of equine bedding and feed waste were inoculated with 10 x 1010 c.f.u. of S. zooepidemicus and samples taken at 48, 96, 168 and 336 hours relative to samples placed in the pile at 0 hours. No Streptococci were isolated at 48 hours or subsequent time-points. Next, S. equi was similarly inoculated into equine compost, with samples taken at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 168 and 336 hours later. No Streptococci were isolated at any time-point. To rule out killing of S. equi by microflora in equine waste, samples of soiled bedding, both autoclaved and un-autoclaved (with water added to match autoclaved moisture) were inoculated with 10 x 1010 c.f.u. of S. zooepidemicus and sampled at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168 and 264 hours. In autoclaved bedding, S. zooepidemicus was isolated from 0 – 120 hours, but replaced by other flora at 264 hours. In un-autoclaved samples, Streptococci were not present after 48 hours. A repeated trial with S. equi yielded similar results. This data suggest that microbial activity of equine waste bedding may eliminate streptococci within 24 - 48 hours, indicating that normal microflora may provide sustainable methods for the control of human and animal pathogens.
Immunopathology of immune-mediated (type 1) diabetes. (2001)

Immune-mediated diabetes is established as an autoimmune disease, which most often is induced during late infancy or early childhood. Multiple genetic lesions in immune tolerance are required before autoimmunity can be sustained once induced by environmental agents, such as viruses. The diagnostic hallmarks of the disease are the islet autoantibodies, which should be made routinely available to physicians to distinguish this disease from other forms of diabetes. The ability to identify individuals with impending IMD and those at high risk of IMD lends itself to the development of clinical trials to prevent diabetes by immunologic means. We believe that this will soon be possible with the development and use of vaccines.
Poverty, health and satellite-derived vegetation indices: their inter-spatial relationship in West Africa (2015)

These results highlight the utility of satellite-based metrics for poverty models including health and ecological components and, in general for large scale analysis, estimation and optimisation of multidimensional poverty metrics. However, it also stresses the need for further studies on the causes of the association between NDVI, health and poverty. Once these relationships are confirmed and better understood, the presence of this ecological component in poverty metrics has the potential to facilitate the analysis of the impacts of climate change on the rural populations afflicted by poverty and child mortality.
Phase Ib trial of ALT-803, an IL-15 superagonist, plus BCG for the treatment of BCG-naïve patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. (2018)

510 Background: The current standard of care for patients with high risk NMIBC is a TURBT or biopsy followed by a 6-week induction course of intravesical BCG and supplementary maintenance therapies every 3 months thereafter (Lamm 2000). While clinical response is significantly improved with BCG, 50% of patients are still expected to recur within 12 months ( Sfakianos 2014). The pursuit of novel agents to prevent progression and recurrence of NMIBC remains critical. This phase Ib clinical trial evaluates the safety and tolerability of ALT-803, an IL-15 superagonist, plus BCG in BCG-naïve NMIBC patients. Methods: A dose escalation 3+3 design was employed to evaluate intravesical ALT-803 plus 50 mg BCG in BCG-naïve patients with intermediate or high-risk Ta, T1 or Tis stage NMIBC. Patients received intravesical ALT-803 in conjunction with BCG weekly for 6 consecutive weeks (induction) and then encouraged (but not required) to receive maintenance BCG alone as per standard practices. Patients had a routine cystoscopy and voided urinary cytology (VUC) every 3 months for 2 years to determine response. Negative cystoscopy, VUC and/or biopsy yielded a complete response (CR). No cohort (100, 200 or 400 μg/instillation ALT-803) experienced any dose limiting toxicities. Results: All patients are disease-free (CR) at 24 months; no patients experienced disease recurrence or progression. Adverse events consistent with SoC BCG treatment (hematuria and urinary tract pain) were reported in all cohorts. One patient experienced a grade 3 adverse event of hypertension that resolved the same day. No grade 4 toxicities or DLTs were observed. Clinical trial information: NCT02138734. Conclusions: Intravesical ALT-803 plus BCG treatment is well tolerated in BCG-naïve patients with NMIBC. All patients are disease-free 24 months after treatment with BCG and ALT-803. A randomized phase II trial is currently underway.[Table: see text]
Enhancing Interactive Learning in Engineering Classes by Implementing Virtual Laboratories (2021)

This work-in-progress paper describes the incorporation of two virtual laboratory modules as an interactive teaching strategy that enhances both remote and in-person learning. Teaching engineering classes online during the pandemic has shown us the values of in-person interaction and the versatility of information that can be conveyed in physical classrooms. Many types of teaching strategies, such as physical demonstrations and in-class activities, are more accessible in-person compared to virtual sessions. To address this issue, we introduce two virtual lab modules with (a) pre-recorded and (b) real-time models that provide platforms for virtual mechanical tensile testing and a remote photon quantum entanglement experiment, respectively. The first virtual lab platform was built from a host of recorded mechanical tests on several engineering materials samples. After choosing the experiment/material, students can simultaneously view the data acquisition and the video of the test in detail. The numerical raw data set for each specimen is accessible after completion of each experiment in form of a spreadsheet. The introduction of the virtual lab has allowed us to add interactive elements to solid mechanics and machine design classes. For the second virtual laboratory module, we present a real time lab platform, where the participating students can perform experiments and collect data in real time by accessing the lab setup remotely. The general concept of the real time virtual lab is based on a human-in-the-loop control system that allows a user to operate an actuator remotely. To feature this real-time approach to virtual laboratory, we selected photon quantum entanglement experiments as part of mechatronics class. The early results, drawn from the students' feedback, demonstrate the promising outcomes of the virtual lab platforms for students learning and instructor-student interaction. Participating students expressed high level of connection to the classes and conceptual grasp of the course topics. The results of this report point to new pedagogical approaches to enhance learner-instructor connectivity and experiential learning in the post-pandemic engineering education.
A 2D Range Hausdorff Approach for 3D Face Recognition (2006)

This paper presents a 3D facial recognition algorithm based on the Hausdorff distance metric. The standard 3D formulation of the Hausdorff matching algorithm has been modified to operate on a 2D range image, enabling a reduction in computation from O(N2) to O(N) without large storage requirements. The Hausdorff distance is known for its robustness to data outliers and inconsistent data between two data sets, making it a suitable choice for dealing with the inherent problems in many 3D datasets due to sensor noise and object self-occlusion. For optimal performance, the algorithm assumes a good initial alignment between probe and template datasets. However, to minimize the error between two faces, the alignment can be iteratively refined. Results from the algorithm are presented using 3D face images from the Face Recognition Grand Challenge database version 1.0.
Ad Hoc Cloud Computing (2015)

This paper presents the first complete, integrated and end-to-end solution for ad hoc cloud computing environments. Ad hoc clouds harvest resources from existing sporadically available, non-exclusive (i.e. Primarily used for some other purpose) and unreliable infrastructures. In this paper we discuss the problems ad hoc cloud computing solves and outline our architecture which is based on BOINC.
Exploitation of Sparsity in MRI (1996)

MRI acquisitions are rarely sparse in the raw data domain, sometimes sparse in the image domain (e.g., MRI angiography), and quite often sparse in other representations such as wavelet transforms or spatial finite differences. The mathematical theory of compressed sensing has provided a body of methods for exploiting this sparsity, either inherent or in some transformed domain in order to obtain good-quality MRI images from strongly undersampled data. The most commonly used pseudorandom sampling patterns, ‘sparsifying transforms’, and iterative mathematical techniques for processing undersampled Cartesian data are described with examples for a speed-up factor (R) near 5. It is then observed that these methods can also be applied to model-based problems (i.e., extraction of parameters such as T1, T2, and M0 for which evolution equations are well known). For the example described, radial sampling was used and very high speed-up factors were achieved. Finally, we discuss in a preliminary way how this kind of processing might someday become product, as did its predecessor, parallel imaging.


Keywords:

sparsity;
compressed sensing;
quantitative MRI, TV;
wavelets;
L1, POCS, CG
Stress-Induced Hormones Cortisol and Epinephrine Impair Wound Epithelization (2012)

Attenuation of the local stress-induced hormonal imbalance in epidermis may advance therapeutic modalities, thereby leading to enhanced epithelization and improved wound healing.
Pump amperage: a new method for monitoring viscosity of dairy concentrates before spray drying (2005)

The atomization stage in spray drying of a liquid requires a spray of droplets with a high surface-to-mass ratio. Dried products that result from moisture evaporation of atomized spray can be prepared to reach the desired particle size distribution through control of atomization variables. To meet these requirements, many atomization techniques such as pressure nozzles, two-fluid nozzles and rotary atomizers have been used in spray dryers. Many authors have proposed various relationships between droplet size, physical properties (e.g. viscosity of concentrate) and technological parameters (e.g. nozzle pressure). To optimize the moisture content in milk powder, it is necessary to control the thermodynamic parameters of the drying air, the conditions of the atomization and the properties of the concentrate. Droplet size varies in direct relationship with viscosity to the power of 0.17-0.25. There are, in fact, two possible solutions for measuring online viscosity: either an online viscometer (direct measurement) or measurement of the amperage of the concentrate extraction pump (indirect measurement). The aim of this study was therefore to develop an indirect method to estimate the viscosity of a concentrate after concentration by filtration or vacuum evaporation and before spray drying. For example, while varying the viscosity of different dairy products (concentrated whey, and whole and skim milk) by changing the parameters of concentration by vacuum evaporation, we obtained a very good correlation between concentrate viscosity and the extraction pump amperage, whatever the product. Concentration parameters can be modified during evaporation to obtain a concentrate of the same viscosity, whatever its temperature or total solid content, just by following the extraction pump amperage.
The Accuracy of Wrist-Worn Photoplethysmogram–Measured Heart and Respiratory Rates in Abdominal Surgery Patients: Observational Prospective Clinical Validation Study (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03923127; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03923127.