gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dihydropteroate Synthase of Mycobacterium leprae and Dapsone Resistance (2000)

Two Mycobacterium leprae genes, folP1 and folP2, encoding putative dihydropteroate synthases (DHPS), were studied for enzymatic activity and for the presence of mutations associated with dapsone resistance. Each gene was cloned and expressed in a folP knockout mutant of Escherichia coli (C600DeltafolP::Km(r)). Expression of M. leprae folP1 in C600DeltafolP::Km(r) conferred growth on a folate-deficient medium, and bacterial lysates exhibited DHPS activity. This recombinant displayed a 256-fold-greater sensitivity to dapsone (measured by the MIC) than wild-type E. coli C600, and 50-fold less dapsone was required to block (expressed as the 50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)]) the DHPS activity of this recombinant. When the folP1 genes of several dapsone-resistant M. leprae clinical isolates were sequenced, two missense mutations were identified. One mutation occurred at codon 53, substituting an isoleucine for a threonine residue (T53I) in the DHPS-1, and a second mutation occurred in codon 55, substituting an arginine for a proline residue (P55R). Transformation of the C600DeltafolP::Km(r) knockout with plasmids carrying either the T53I or the P55R mutant allele did not substantially alter the DHPS activity compared to levels produced by recombinants containing wild-type M. leprae folP1. However, both mutations increased dapsone resistance, with P55R having the greatest affect on dapsone resistance by increasing the MIC 64-fold and the IC(50) 68-fold. These results prove that the folP1 of M. leprae encodes a functional DHPS and that mutations within this gene are associated with the development of dapsone resistance in clinical isolates of M. leprae. Transformants created with M. leprae folP2 did not confer growth on the C600DeltafolP::Km(r) knockout strain, and DNA sequences of folP2 from dapsone-susceptible and -resistant M. leprae strains were identical, indicating that this gene does not encode a functional DHPS and is not involved in dapsone resistance in M. leprae.
Nucleation and Growth of Perfluoropentacene on Self-Assembled Monolayers: Significant Changes in Island Density and Shape with Surface Termination (2010)

We have examined the nucleation and growth of perfluoropentacene (PFP) on SiO2 and on a variety of surfaces possessing different terminating self-assembled-monolayers (SAMs) using in situ synchrotron X-ray scattering and ex situ atomic force microscopy. The SAMs ranged from very low surface energy hydrophobic surfaces (perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane) to higher surface energy hydrophilic surfaces (3-methacryloxypropyltrichlorosilane). From real time X-ray scattering, we find that the growth of PFP, while crystalline, becomes very three-dimensional after completion of the first 1−2 monolayers, independent of the substrate surface termination. Concerning growth in the submonolayer regime, we find that nucleation is homogeneous and that the absolute density of islands depends strongly on the surface termination, while the relative change of the island density with increasing growth rate is essentially independent of the underlying SAM. From the latter, we find that a critical island size of ∼2−3 molecules can describe all of the data. On the other hand, the dependence of the island density on termination implicates a significant change in the diffusivity of PFP with the identity of the SAM. The shape of the islands also depends on the surface termination but somewhat unexpectedly—the islands are most compact and faceted on surfaces where the diffusivity of isolated PFP molecules is the smallest. This result highlights the difference in transport mechanisms concerning diffusion across the substrate and that around the periphery of an island in molecular systems. Finally, on all surfaces, the films formed in the multilayer regime are similar and are described by rough, highly anisotropic features, perhaps dominated by a single low index face.
Abstract 15915: A Polymorphism in Activating Fcgr2a Associates With Kawasaki Disease (KD) Susceptibility, IVIG Response, and Coronary Artery Inflammation (2011)

Host genetic factors play a role in KD susceptibility and treatment response. Our prior studies showed that a polymorphism in the promoter of the inhibitory FcγRIIB influenced IVIG treatment respon...
The Use of Biotinylaton in the Detection and Purification of Affinity Labelled GLUT-1 (1996)

Conference Article| February 01 1996 The Use of Biotinylaton in the Detection and Purification of Affinity Labelled GLUT-1 Edward G. Saravolac; Edward G. Saravolac 1School of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Geoffrey D. Holman; Geoffrey D. Holman 1School of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Gwyn W. Gould; Gwyn W. Gould †Department of Biochemistry, Univeristy of Glascow, Glascow, G12 8QQ Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Steven A. Baldwin Steven A. Baldwin ¶Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (1): 115S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024115s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Edward G. Saravolac, Geoffrey D. Holman, Gwyn W. Gould, Steven A. Baldwin; The Use of Biotinylaton in the Detection and Purification of Affinity Labelled GLUT-1. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1996; 24 (1): 115S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024115s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Identifying Failure-Inducing Combinations in a Combinatorial Test Set (2012)

A t-way combinatorial test set is designed to detect failures that are triggered by combinations involving no more than t parameters. Assume that we have executed a t-way test set and some tests have failed. A natural question to ask is: What combinations have caused these failures? Identifying such combinations can facilitate the debugging effort, e.g., by reducing the scope of the code that needs to be inspected. In this paper, we present an approach to identifying failure-inducing combinations, i.e., combinations that have caused some tests to fail. Given a t-way test set, our approach first identifies and ranks a set of suspicious combinations, which are candidates that are likely to be failure-inducing combinations. Next, it generates a set of new tests, which can be executed to refine the ranking of suspicious combinations in the next iteration. This process can be repeated until a stopping condition is satisfied. We conducted an experiment in which our approach was applied to several benchmark programs. The experimental results show that our approach can effectively and efficiently identify failure-inducing combinations in these programs.
Supplementary Table 1D from Allelic Transcripts Dosage Effect in Morphologically Normal Ovarian Cells from Heterozygous Carriers of a <i>BRCA1</i>/<i>2</i> French Canadian Founder Mutation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 177K, Molecular signature associated to the tumor transformation from NOSEs to TOVs in BRCA1-mutated samples&lt;/p&gt;
Effects from log-yard stormwater runoff on the microalgae Scenedesmus subspicatus (2017)

The effects posed by stormwater runoff from an industrial log-yard on the microalgae Scenedesmus subspicatus have been investigated. The effects of stormwater runoff sampled during two rain events on the microalgae were determined in different concentrations (% v:v). The test organisms were exposed to the stormwater runoff 96h and the percentage change in growth rates in relation to a control culture were measured at exposure times of 24h, 48h, 72 and 96h. Whereas the runoff from the first rain event posed in most cases growth stimulatory effects, the runoff from the second rain event inhibited algae growth. Differences in runoff physico-chemical characteristics combined with the hydrological factors of each rain event explained these opposite effects. The occurrence of the “first flush” phenomenon was studied and the results confirmed such occurrences in the second rain event. On the basis of normalized inhibitory effects and runoff volume, it was found that 42, 51 and 50% of the inhibitory effects during exposures of 24, 48 and 72h were associated with the initial 4% of the total discharged volume. To conclude it can be stated that since the stormwater runoff of only 2 rain events posed negative effects on the test organisms, the potential environmental threats posed by these waters during the entire hydrological year needs to be better understood in order to propose an adequate management program.
Effect of tissue damage on virtual electrode polarization pattern (2002)

The virtual electrode polarization (VEP) effect is believed to play the key role in pacing and defibrillation. However, under certain conditions, including clinical, its existence and importance remain unknown. We investigated how tissue damage under the pacing electrode might affect the VEP on the basis of a 2D passive bidomain model with tissue damage represented as a local increase of intracellular conductivity (cell uncoupling) and/or electroporation. The model predictions were compared to experiments. 10 ms stimuli of increasing strength were applied to the ventricular surface of a rabbit heart; VEP patterns were recorded by a fluorescent mapping setup and tissue damage under the electrode was estimated from the micrographs of the pacing site. The bidomain simulations showed that local decrease in either transmembrane resistance or intracellular conductance lead to fainting and subsequent elimination of the characteristic "dog-bone" pattern of VEP. The experiments confirmed that tissue damage around the pacing electrode could obscure theoretically predicted VEP pattern. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that VEP pattern is strongly modulated by the tissue damage.
Le séchage combiné convection-micro-ondes : modelisation-validation-optimisation (1992)

Not available
Picomolar Inhibitors as Transition-State Probes of 5′-Methylthioadenosine Nucleosidases (2007)

Transition states can be predicted from an enzyme's affinity to related transition-state analogues. 5'-Methylthioadenosine nucleosidases (MTANs) are involved in bacterial quorum sensing pathways and thus are targets for antibacterial drug design. The transition-state characteristics of six MTANs are compared by analyzing dissociation constants (K(d)) with a small array of representative transition-state analogues. These inhibitors mimic early or late dissociative transition states with K(d) values in the picomolar range. Our results indicate that the K(d) ratio for mimics of early and late transition states are useful in distinguishing between these states. By this criterion, the transition states of Neisseria meningitides and Helicobacter pylori MTANs are early dissociative, whereas Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae MTANs have late dissociative characters. This conclusion is confirmed independently by the characteristic [1'- (3)H] and [1'- (14)C] kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) of these enzymes. Large [1'- (3)H] and unity [1'- (14)C] KIEs are observed for late dissociative transition states, whereas early dissociative states showed close-to-unity [1'- (3)H] and significant [1'- (14)C] KIEs. K d values of various MTANs for individual transition-state analogues provide tentative information about transition-state structures due to varying catalytic efficiencies of enzymes. Comparing K d ratios for mimics of early and late transition states removes limitations inherent to the enzyme and provides a better predictive tool in discriminating between possible transition-state structures.
Partial Heart Transplantation in Adult Cardiac Surgery (2023)

Many young adults require heart valve replacements. Current options for valve replacement in adults include mechanical valves, bioprosthetic valves, or the Ross procedure. Of these, mechanical and bioprosthetic valves are the most common options, although mechanical valve usage predominates in younger adults due to durability, while bioprosthetic valve usage predominates in older adults. Partial heart transplantation is a new method of valvular replacement that can deliver durable and self-repairing valves and allow adult patients freedom from anticoagulation therapy. This procedure involves transplantation of donor heart valves only, permitting expanded utilization of donor hearts as compared with orthotopic heart transplantation. In this review, we discuss the potential benefits of this procedure in adults who elect against the anticoagulation regimen required of mechanical valve replacements, although it has not yet been clinically established. Partial heart transplantation is a promising new therapy for the treatment of pediatric valvular dysfunction. This is a novel technique in the adult population with potential utility for valve replacement in young patients for whom anticoagulation therapy is problematic, such as women who wish to become pregnant, patients with bleeding disorders, and patients with active lifestyles.
TENSION LEG PLATFORMS - A STATE OF THE ART REVIEW (1985)

After mentioning some advantages of the tension leg platform, the Authors review the state of the art of TLP design, construction and installation. The many aspects considered, mostly briefly, include: water-depth range and some limiting factors; pay load (usually about 30% of platform displacement - TLPs have been designed for pay loads in the 20,000-30,000 tonne range, corresponding to processing capacities of more than 200,000 barrels/day>; importance of weight control of topside equipment; various TLP configurations that have been designed ; deck structure; dynamic desponse phenomena; waves, wind and current, and time-domain computer simulations; computer programs for riser and tether-system analysis; sophisticated hydrodynamic phenomena ; tether system ; possibility of automatic electron-beam welding of tubulars during installation; free-stabbing and other tether installation methods; types of tether bases; possible integration of tether bases and riser base structure, for production from large number of wells; types of riser ; damage criteria; effect of a blowout; TLP construction procedures; deck and hull mating; construction time and costs; construction rules and guidelines in the USA, UK and Norway, and some current action on them in these countries.
An L-shaped low on-resistance current path SOI LDMOS with dielectric field enhancement (2014)

A low specific on-resistance (Ron,sp) SOI NBL TLDMOS (silicon-on-insulator trench LDMOS with an N buried layer) is proposed. It has three features: a thin N buried layer (NBL) on the interface of the SOI layer/buried oxide (BOX) layer, an oxide trench in the drift region, and a trench gate extended to the BOX layer. First, on the on-state, the electron accumulation layer forms beside the extended trench gate; the accumulation layer and the highly doping NBL constitute an L-shaped low-resistance conduction path, which sharply decreases the Ron,sp. Second, in the y-direction, the BOX's electric field (E-field) strength is increased to 154 V/μm from 48 V/μm of the SOI Trench Gate LDMOS (SOI TG LDMOS) owing to the high doping NBL. Third, the oxide trench increases the lateral E-field strength due to the lower permittivity of oxide than that of Si and strengthens the multiple-directional depletion effect. Fourth, the oxide trench folds the drift region along the y-direction and thus reduces the cell pitch. Therefore, the SOI NBL TLDMOS structure not only increases the breakdown voltage (BV), but also reduces the cell pitch and Ron,sp. Compared with the TG LDMOS, the NBL TLDMOS improves the BV by 105% at the same cell pitch of 6 μm, and decreases the Ron,sp by 80% at the same BV.
Ultra-low-energy hybrid light-matter temporal and spatio-temporal solitons (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. Tinkler, P. M. Walker, B. Royall, D. N. Krizhanovskii, M. S. Skolnick, D. V. Skryabin, A. V. Yulin, I. Farrer, and D. A. Ritchie, "Ultra-low-energy hybrid light-matter temporal and spatio-temporal solitons," in Advanced Photonics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper NW4A.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A ZnO Nanostructure-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance Device for Biochemical Sensing (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We report a ZnO-nanostructure-based quartz crystal microbalance (nano-QCM) device for biosensing applications. ZnO nanotips are directly grown on the sensing area of a conventional QCM by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the ZnO nanotips are dense and uniformly aligned along the normal to the substrate surface. By using superhydrophilic nano-ZnO surface, more than tenfold increase in mass loading sensitivity of the nano-QCM device is achieved over the conventional QCM. The ZnO nanotip arrays on the nano-QCM are functionalized. The selective immobilization and hybridization of DNA oligonucleotide molecules are confirmed by fluorescence microscopy of the nano-QCM sensing areas. </para>
Superior mesenteric artery occlusion shock in cats: modification of the endotoxemia by antilipopolysaccharide antibodies (anti-LPS). (1986)

We measured the time course of elevated plasma LPS concentration caused by a temporary intestinal ischemia using the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion shock model in anesthetized cats. The systemic plasma LPS increased from 0.075 +/- 0.006 ng/cc to 0.219 +/- 0.026 ng/cc (P less than 0.001) during the occlusion period. On release of the clamp, the plasma LPS concentration rose rapidly to 0.716 +/- 0.122 ng/cc (P less than 0.001) within 20 min. Thereafter, it declined to reach baseline levels after 100-120 min reperfusion. A total of 21 animals received IV 1.0 cc/kg antilipopolysaccharide hyperimmune equine plasma (anti-LPS) either 1.5 hr before the occlusion or at 0, 10, or 20 min after release of the occlusion. Prophylactic anti-LPS prevented any rise in plasma LPS both during and after release of the occlusion. The administration of anti-LPS during the reperfusion period completely reversed the endotoxemia caused by intestinal ischemia within 5-10 min. This rapidity of response to anti-LPS may be important in the previously reported therapeutic benefit of anti-LPS.
Role of hepatitis B surface antigen in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma: regulation of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (2009)

Data indicate that deregulation of the Wnt pathway by HBsAg occurred in HBV-associated HCCs, but was more pronounced in the peritumor cells. It is speculated that HBsAg could stimulate proliferation and functional modification of hepatocytes via LEF-1 through the Wnt pathway at the pre-malignant stage.
The Temporal Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke. (2013)

It is well established that the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke; however, the precise role that AF plays in increasing this risk is less well understood. In particular, it is not fully known whether a temporal relationship between AF and stroke exists. Early clinical trials in this field were limited by their rudimentary tools for monitoring of AF recurrences. More recently, studies employing implantable cardiac rhythm devices have brought greater precision to our ability to accurately detect and quantify episodes of AF but have been restricted to patient populations with clinical indications for those types of devices.In the future, new monitoring modalities such as subcutaneous devices and external patches may allow us to extend precise arrhythmia monitoring to the broader AF population. Due to the relatively low rate of clinical events, large clinical trials or registries will be required to fully appreciate the temporal aspects of AF and stroke and alternative metrics for quantifying AF recurrences need to be explored.
Detection, Mitigation and Quantitative Security Risk Assessment of Invisible Attacks at Enterprise Network (2015)

Given the increasing dependence of our societies on network information systems and the efforts being provided by security communities to secure their networks, a strong sense of insecurity still prevails. Therefore, there is a need for new countermeasures against these cyber-attacks which causes disruption to business processes. The evaluation approaches to detect and assess the security risk level of cyber-attacks are harder to develop due to lack of information such as scope of attack and the way it originate. This paper assess the security risk level of those attacks which are targeting to IT, business networks and critical infrastructure, and where malicious user's actions are direct threats to the targeted system but yet not visible by the targeted system. This is achieved after classifying each Google dorks (commands) as an invisible attacks according to their characteristics. In addition, a method is devised to secure any organization's network against invisible attacks by creating a rule in Snort NIDPS signature database. Furthermore, OWASP risk rating methodology is incorporated to assess the overall severity risk level of invisible attacks on the network in terms of high, medium and low. Since, this method does not provide the quantitative security risk value of enterprise network, therefore, quantitative security risk assessment of enterprise network is determined using severity risk assessment table.
Simulating Small‐Scale Rainfall Fields Conditioned by Weather State and Elevation: A Data‐Driven Approach Based on Rainfall Radar Images (2017)

Abstract The quantification of spatial rainfall is critical for distributed hydrological modeling. Rainfall spatial patterns generated by similar weather conditions can be extremely diverse. This variability can have a significant impact on hydrological processes. Stochastic simulation allows generating multiple realizations of spatial rainfall or filling missing data. The simulated data can then be used as input for numerical models to study the uncertainty on hydrological forecasts. In this paper, we use the direct sampling technique to generate stochastic simulations of high‐resolution (1 km) daily rainfall fields, conditioned by elevation and weather state. The technique associates historical radar estimates to variables describing the daily weather conditions, such as the rainfall type and mean intensity, and selects radar images accordingly to form a conditional training image set of each day. Rainfall fields are then generated by resampling pixels from these images. The simulation at each location is conditioned by neighbor patterns of rainfall amount and elevation. The technique is tested on the simulation of daily rainfall amount for the eastern Mediterranean. The results show that it can generate realistic rainfall fields for different weather types, preserving the temporal weather pattern, the spatial features, and the complex relation with elevation. The concept of conditional training image provides added value to multiple‐point simulation techniques dealing with extremely nonstationary heterogeneities and extensive data sets.