gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pixels are good (2000)

This paper presents three methods for classifying and qualifying virtual and immersive environments. The first is to plot modes of use against environment types. The second is to create a matrix analyzing display type against interaction methodology. The third is to analyze the system as if it created a volume of 3D pixels and determine if the quality of the created pixel volume is appropriate for the given application and use.
Cooperative Target Tracking with Time-Varying Formation Radius (2015)

This paper extends our previous results on cooperative target tracking of a moving ground vehicle using multiple unmanned aerial vehicles with constant 2D horizontal range to a time-varying horizontal range. An early-designed guidance law that orbits one UAV around the target is modified to handle time-varying horizontal range given by a prescribed reference. Cooperative target tracking is achieved by combining two control efforts together, where one brings each UAV to orbit above the target and the other spreads all UAVs evenly on a circle. Three communication topologies are considered, i.e., an all-to-all communication, a ring topology, and a cyclic pursuit topology. The effectiveness of the proposed cooperative target tracking control laws is demonstrated by numerical simulations under the cyclic pursuit communication topology as an example.
Free viewpoint video (FVV) survey and future research direction (2015)

Free viewpoint video (FVV) is one of the new trends in the development of advanced visual media type that aims to provide a new immersive user experience and interactivity that goes beyond higher image quality (HD/4K TV) and higher realism (3D TV). Potential applications include interactive personal visualization and free viewpoint navigation. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the FVV system and some target application scenarios. Associated standardization activities and technological barriers to overcome are also described. This paper is organized as follows: a general description of the FVV system and functionalities is given in Section I. Since an FVV system is composed of a chain of processing modules, an in-depth functional description of each module is provided in Section II. Examples of emerging FVV applications and use cases are given in Section III. A summary of technical challenges to overcome for wider usage and market penetration of FVV is given in Section IV.
Electrical impedance myography as a biomarker to assess ALS progression (2012)

Electrical impedance myography (EIM), a non-invasive, electrophysiological technique, has preliminarily shown value as an ALS biomarker. Here we perform a multicenter study to further assess EIM's potential for tracking ALS. ALS patients were enrolled across eight sites. Each subject underwent EIM, handheld dynamometry (HHD), and the ALS Functional Rating Scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) regularly. Techniques were compared by assessing the coefficient of variation (CoV) in the rate of decline and each technique's correlation to survival. Results showed that in the 60 patients followed for one year, EIM phase measured from the most rapidly progressing muscle in each patient had a CoV in the rate of decline of 0.62, compared to HHD (0.82) and the ALSFRS-R (0.74). Restricting the measurements to the first six months gave a CoV of 0.55 for EIM, 0.93 for HHD, and 0.84 for ALSFRS-R. For both time-periods, all three measures correlated with survival. Based on these data, a six-month clinical trial designed to detect a 20% treatment effect with 80% power using EIM would require only 95 patients/arm compared to the ALSFRS-R, which would require 220 subjects/arm. In conclusion, EIM can serve as a useful ALS biomarker that offers the prospect of greatly accelerating phase 2 clinical trials.
Systemic lupus erythematous exacerbation following cessation of belimumab treatment: comments on the article by Furer et al (2017)

"Systemic lupus erythematous exacerbation following cessation of belimumab treatment: comments on the article by Furer et al." Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 46(3), pp. 250–251
Designing Embedded Hardware (2002)

Embedded computer systems literally surround us: they're in our cell phones, PDAs, cars, TVs, refrigerators, heating systems, and more. In fact, embedded systems are one of the most rapidly growing segments of the computer industry today. Along with the growing list of devices for which embedded computer systems are appropriate, interest is growing among programmers, hobbyists, and engineers of all types in how to design and build devices of their own. Furthermore, the knowledge offered by this book into the fundamentals of these computer systems can benefit anyone who has to evaluate and apply the systems. The second edition of Designing Embedded Hardware has been updated to include information on the latest generation of processors and microcontrollers, including the new MAXQ processor. If you're new to this and don't know what a MAXQ is, don't worry--the book spells out the basics of embedded design for beginners while providing material useful for advanced systems designers. Designing Embedded Hardware steers a course between those books dedicated to writing code for particular microprocessors, and those that stress the philosophy of embedded system design without providing any practical information. Having designed 40 embedded computer systems of his own, author John Catsoulis brings a wealth of real-world experience to show readers how to design and create entirely new embedded devices and computerized gadgets, as well as how to customize and extend off-the-shelf systems. Loaded with real examples, this book also provides a roadmap to the pitfalls and traps to avoid. Designing Embedded Hardware includes: The theory and practice of embedded systems Understanding schematics and data sheets Powering an embedded system Producing and debugging an embedded system Processors such as the PIC, Atmel AVR, and Motorola 68000-series Digital Signal Processing (DSP) architectures Protocols (SPI and I2C) used to add peripherals RS-232C, RS-422, infrared communication, and USB CAN and Ethernet networking Pulse Width Monitoring and motor control If you want to build your own embedded system, or tweak an existing one, this invaluable book gives you the understanding and practical skills you need.
SEPARATION OF PROTEIN FRACTIONS IN ALFALFA JUICE: EFFECTS OF SOME PRETREATMENT METHODS (2003)

Particulates, insoluble proteins, and chlorophyll were removed from extracted alfalfa juice by heating to 55.C,followed by centrifugation. The decant absorbance was monitored at 435 and 675 nm in a spectrophotometer to comparerelative chlorophyll removal. Laboratoryscale experiments with batchtype centrifugation at a relative centrifugation force(RCF) of 10,000g reduced juice absorbance by up to 98%. Continuous centrifugation in a decantertype centrifuge wasinitially less successful in removing particulates. After modification of the inlet to gradually accelerate the particles to theperipheral speed, the separation was significantly improved and was comparable to batchtype centrifugation. Lower flowrates improved removal. Fermentation prior to centrifugation was also tested as a juice pretreatment method for removalof particulates, insoluble proteins, and chlorophyll.
Basal forebrain atrophy correlates with amyloid β burden in Alzheimer's disease (2014)

The brains of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) have three classical pathological hallmarks: amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, and neurodegeneration, including that of cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. However the relationship between Aβ burden and basal forebrain degeneration has not been extensively studied. To investigate this association, basal forebrain volumes were determined from magnetic resonance images of controls, subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD patients enrolled in the longitudinal Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) studies. In the AIBL cohort, these volumes were correlated within groups to neocortical gray matter retention of Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) from positron emission tomography images as a measure of Aβ load. The basal forebrain volumes of AD and aMCI subjects were significantly reduced compared to those of control subjects. Anterior basal forebrain volume was significantly correlated to neocortical PiB retention in AD subjects and aMCI subjects with high Aβ burden, whereas posterior basal forebrain volume was significantly correlated to neocortical PiB retention in control subjects with high Aβ burden. Therefore this study provides new evidence for a correlation between neocortical Aβ accumulation and basal forebrain degeneration. In addition, cluster analysis showed that subjects with a whole basal forebrain volume below a determined cut-off value had a 7 times higher risk of having a worse diagnosis within ~18 months.
Electron transfer from nitrogen in microsomal oxidation of amine and amide. Simulation of microsomal oxidation by anodic oxidation (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron transfer from nitrogen in microsomal oxidation of amine and amide. Simulation of microsomal oxidation by anodic oxidationTatsuya Shono, Toshiki Toda, and Nozomu OshinoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 9, 2639–2641Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00373a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00373a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views386Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
I. Applications of fourier transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry to the studies of the isomers of the organometallic distonic ion and the reactivity of cobalt iodide. II. Analysis of polymers by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization--time-of-flight (1999)

The study of organometallic distonic ion, Fe(p-benzyne) +, and it achieved by CID and ion-molecule reactions with selected alkenes and alkyl halides. The distonic ion, Fe(p-benzyne) + demonstrates unique reactivity toward most of these reagents unlike those of its isomers. In most reactions, it is seen that the charged metal center plays the major role, while the radical site is mostly inert. Other attempts have been made to generate and investigate new organometallic species with different charged metals or different ligands, such as iodoaniline or cyclopentadienyl. The unique reactivity of CoI+ with alkanes is studies. It is proposed that a C-H insertion followed by β-hydrogen transfer yields the dehydrogenation product. The iodine atoms appears to suppress the isomerization of the CoI(alkene)+ complex to a hydrido π-allyl complex ion. The most unique reaction observed is the selective 2,3-dehydrogenation of n-butane with CoI+. The use of metallocenes in polymer analysis by MALDI-TOF is first reported. Ferrocene and nickelocene cationized the polystyrenes and polyethylene glycols, while cobaltocene cationized only the polyethylene glycols. The higher molecular weight polymers achieved higher signal intensities than the low molecular weight polymers. In fact, PS 13700 had the highest signal intensity with very little if any metal cluster signals. In analyzing polymers by MALDI-TOF it is important to utilize metal salts as cationizing agents. The effect of the concentration of the cationizing agent, AgTFA, is studied. The results show that for low molecular weight polymer the concentration of the cationing agent does not significantly alter the signal intensity or the abundance of metal clusters. On the other hand, for high molecular weight polymers the concentration plays a major role in the signal intensity and the formation of metal clusters.
The Accuracy of Electrocardiogram-Controlled Central Line Placement (2006)

ECG guidance allows for more accurate CVC placement, and should be considered to increase patient safety and reduce costs associated with repositioning procedures.
PyBioNetFit and the Biological Property Specification Language (2019)

In systems biology modeling, important steps include model parameterization, uncertainty quantification, and evaluation of agreement with experimental observations. To help modelers perform these steps, we developed the software PyBioNetFit, which in addition supports checking models against known system properties and solving design problems. PyBioNetFit introduces Biological Property Specification Language (BPSL) for the formal declaration of system properties. BPSL allows qualitative data to be used alone or in combination with quantitative data. PyBioNetFit performs parameterization with parallelized metaheuristic optimization algorithms that work directly with existing model definition standards: BioNetGen Language (BNGL) and Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML). We demonstrate PyBioNetFit's capabilities by solving various example problems, including the challenging problem of parameterizing a 153-parameter model of cell cycle control in yeast based on both quantitative and qualitative data. We demonstrate the model checking and design applications of PyBioNetFit and BPSL by analyzing a model of targeted drug interventions in autophagy signaling.
Staging the space of mixed reality—reconsidering the concept of a multi user environment (1999)

our work and research findings on developing the concept of a multi-user shared environment for culture, performance, art and entertainment.
Cooperative Recognition of Internationally Disseminated Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseriagonorrhoeae Strain (2018)

Ceftriaxone remains a first-line treatment for patients infected by Neisseria gonorrhoeae in most settings. We investigated the possible spread of a ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 N. gonorrhoeae clone in Japan after recent isolation of similar strains in Denmark (GK124) and Canada (47707). We report 2 instances of the FC428 clone in Australia in heterosexual men traveling from Asia. Our bioinformatic analyses included core single-nucleotide variation phylogeny and in silico molecular typing; phylogenetic analysis showed close genetic relatedness among all 5 isolates. Results showed multilocus sequence type 1903; N. gonorrhoeae sequence typing for antimicrobial resistance (NG-STAR) 233; and harboring of mosaic penA allele encoding alterations A311V and T483S (penA-60.001), associated with ceftriaxone resistance. Our results provide further evidence of international transmission of ceftriaxone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae. We recommend increasing awareness of international spread of this drug-resistant strain, strengthening surveillance to include identifying treatment failures and contacts, and strengthening international sharing of data.
Shot-noise impact on resist roughness in EUV lithography (1998)

Photospeed requirements for 193 nm and EUV lithography are approximately 10 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. As wavelengths are scaled, photon energy is increased, and the discrete photon events may become a fundamental contributor to resist edge roughness. A theoretical analysis of the shot noise impact on line edge roughness was performed. Based on the results, we estimate 1 nm of shot noise induced roughness at 10 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP> resist sensitivity for 193 nm lithography. Therefore, discrete photon events are not expected to be a significant contributor to local CD control in 193 nm lithography. We conclude that edge roughness typically observed in 193 nm resists is therefore a process related effect.e However, at EUV, we are approaching a shot noise limit and edge roughness may be enhanced by photon counting effects. Without taking photo-acid diffusion into account, we estimate 8 nm of shot noise induced edge roughness at the EUVB wavelength and 10 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP> sensitivity. Hence, local CD control may be compromised by the stringent 10 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP> photospeed requirement. Edge roughness is improved by relaxing the resist sensitivity requirement. In addition, most resist technologies are likely to be chemically amplified, and thermally driven diffusion will improve local CD control but at the expense of image contrast and cross- wafer CD control.
Protein‐Functionalized Synthetic Antiferromagnetic Nanoparticles for Biomolecule Detection and Magnetic Manipulation (2009)

Abstract Die direkte Proteinfunktionalisierung ergibt synthetische antiferromagnetische Nanopartikel mit hoher chemischer Spezifität und vielfältigen Funktionen. Diese Nanopartikel‐Protein‐Konjugate wirken als verbesserte magnetische Markierungen für biologische Analysen und reagieren in einstellbarer Weise auf kleine äußere Magnetfeldgradienten, sodass sich die Bewegung einzelner Nanopartikel verfolgen lässt. magnified image
Aspera: the UV SmallSat telescope to detect and map the warm-hot gas phase in nearby galaxy halos (2021)

Aspera is an extreme-UV (EUV) Astrophysics small satellite telescope designed to map the warm-hot phase coronal gas around nearby galaxy halos. Theory suggests that this gas is a significant fraction of a galaxy’s halo mass and plays a critical role in its evolution, but its exact role is poorly understood. Aspera observes this warm-hot phase gas via Ovi emission at 1032 °A using four parallel Rowland-Circle-like spectrograph channels in a single payload. Aspera’s robust-and-simple design is inspired by the FUSE spectrograph, but with smaller, four 6.2 cm × 3.7 cm, off-axis parabolic primary mirrors. Aspera is expected to achieve a sensitivity of 4.3×10<sup>−19</sup> erg/s/cm<sup>2</sup>/arcsec<sup>2</sup> for diffuse Ovi line emission. This superb sensitivity is enabled by technological advancements over the last decade in UV coatings, gratings, and detectors. Here we present the overall payload design of the Aspera telescope and its expected performance. Aspera is funded by the inaugural 2020 NASA Astrophysics Pioneers program, with a projected launch in late 2024.
Kidney transplantation across HLA and ABO antibody barriers (2013)

As compared with waiting for a compatible deceased donor organ, HLA and ABO incompatible transplantations performed in experienced centers have become a reasonable alternative for end-stage kidney disease patients with an incompatible live donor. Whenever possible, however, the transplantation should be performed between ABO compatible donor-recipient pairs in the absence of positive crossmatch results.
Connectomic imaging reveals Huntington‐related pathological and pharmaceutical effects in a mouse model (2018)

Recent studies suggest that neurodegenerative diseases could affect brain structure and function in disease-specific network patterns; however, how spontaneous activity affects structural covariance network (SC) is not clear. We hypothesized that hyper-excitability in Huntington disease (HD) disrupts the coordinated structural and functional connectivity, and treatment with memantine helps to reduce excitotoxicity and normalize the connectivity. MRI was conducted to measure somatosensory activation, resting-state functional-connectivity (rsFC), SC, amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and ALFF covariance (ALFFC) in the YAC128 mouse model of HD. We found somatosensory activation was unchanged but the subcortical ALFF was increased in HD mice, indicating subcortical but not cortical hyperactivity. The reduced sensorimotor rsFC but spared hippocampal and default mode networks in the HD mice was consistent with the more pronounced impairment in motor function compared with cognitive performance. The disease suppressed SC globally and reduced ALFFC in the basal ganglia network as well as its anti-correlation with the default mode network. By comparing these connectivity measures, we found that the originally coupled rsFC-SC relationship was impaired whereas SC-ALFFC correlation was increased by HD, suggesting disease facilitated covariation of brain volume and activity amplitude but not neural synchrony. The comparison with mono-synaptic axonal projection supports the hypothesis that rsFC, but not SC or ALFFC, is highly dependent on structural connectivity under healthy conditions. Treatment with memantine had a strong effect on normalizing the SC and reducing ALFF while slightly increasing other connectivity measures and restoring the rsFC-SC coupling, which is consistent with its effect on alleviating hyper-excitability and improving the coordinated neural growth. These results indicate that HD affects the cerebral structure-function relationship which could be partially reverted by NMDA antagonism. These connectivity measures provide unique insights into pathological and pharmaceutical effects in brain circuitry, and could be translatable biomarkers for evaluating drug effect and refining its efficacy.
DNA of herpesvirus pan, a third member of the Epstein-Barr virus-Herpesvirus papio group (1982)

The DNA of herpesvirus pan, a primate B-lymphotropic herpesvirus, shares about 40% well-conserved sequence relatedness with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpesvirus papio DNAs. Labeled cloned fragments from the EBV recombinant DNA library were cross hybridized to blots of EcoRI, XbaI, and BamHI restriction endonuclease fragments of herpesvirus pan DNA to identify and map homologous sequences in the herpesvirus pan genome. Regions of colinear homology were demonstrated between 6 x 10(6) daltons and 108 x 10(6) daltons in the DNAs. The structural organization of herpesvirus pan DNA was similar to the format of Epstein-Barr virus and herpesvirus papio DNAs. The DNA consists of two domains of largely unique sequence complexity, a segment US of 9 x 10(6) daltons and a segment UL of 88 x 10(6) daltons. US and UL are separated by a variable number of tandem repetitions of a sequence IR (2 x 10(6) daltons). There was homology between DNA which mapped at 26 to 28 x 10(6) daltons and 93 to 95 x 10(6) daltons in UL. The terminal reiteration component, TR, of herpesvirus pan DNA and sequences which mapped to the left of 6 x 10(6) daltons and to the right of 108 x 10(6) daltons had no detectable homology with the corresponding regions of Epstein-Barr virus DNA.
Min-max approximate dynamic programming (2011)

In this paper we describe an approximate dynamic programming policy for a discrete-time dynamical system perturbed by noise. The approximate value function is the pointwise supremum of a family of lower bounds on the value function of the stochastic control problem; evaluating the control policy involves the solution of a min-max or saddle-point problem. For a quadratically constrained linear quadratic control problem, evaluating the policy amounts to solving a semidefinite program at each time step. By evaluating the policy, we obtain a lower bound on the value function, which can be used to evaluate performance: When the lower bound and the achieved performance of the policy are close, we can conclude that the policy is nearly optimal. We describe several numerical examples where this is indeed the case.