gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
d-Pinitol Solubility in Supercritical CO2: Experimental Data and Correlation (2006)

Measurements of d-pinitol solubility in supercritical CO2 in the temperature range (313 to 333) K and pressures ranging from 10 to 40 MPa are reported for the first time in this work. Two different thermodynamic models are applied to correlate the experimental d-pinitol solubilities: a cubic-type equation of state (the Soave−Redlich−Kong, SRK) and a model based on the group contribution approach (the Group Contribution Equation of State, GC-EoS). Both models demonstrate high capability to describe the solid−gas-phase equilibria of this system. In addition, values for the thermophysical properties, sublimation pressure, and solid molar volume of d-pinitol are also given.
Young maternal age and smoking during pregnancy as risk factors for gastroschisis (1993)

Three maternal risk factors (maternal age, cigarette smoking, and infant's month of birth) have been reported to be associated with fetal gastroschisis. In order to study these risk factors further, a prospective population-based study was designed, using 62,103 consecutive second-trimester singleton pregnancies enrolling in a maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening program between January 1, 1980 and April 30, 1989. Gastroschisis occurred in 21 of those pregnancies. Pregnancies in women younger than 20 years of age were at 7.3 times greater odds for being affected with gastroschisis than pregnancies in women aged 25 or older (95% confidence interval 2.4 to 22). For pregnant women aged 20 to 24 years, the odds were 1.9 times greater (95% confidence interval 0.7 to 5.0). Pregnant women who smoked cigarettes were at 2.1 times greater odds than non-smokers (95% confidence interval 0.9 to 4.8). When these smoking data were combined with smoking data from two other published studies, the consensus odds ratio was 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.2). Infant's month of birth was not associated with gastroschisis. Evidence from the present study and other published studies clearly establishes a greater risk for fetal gastroschisis in pregnant women younger than age 20, even after adjustment for smoking status. Cigarette smoking also appears to be a risk factor, when data from this and two previously published studies are combined.
Heterologous Expression of Arabidopsis AtARA6 in Soybean Enhances Salt Tolerance (2022)

Salt damage is an important abiotic stress affecting the agronomic traits of soybean. Soybeans rapidly sense and transmit adverse signals when salt-damaged, inducing a set of response mechanisms to resist salt stress. <i>AtARA6</i> encodes a small GTPase, which plays an important role in Arabidopsis vesicle transport and salt tolerance. In this study, we transformed the Arabidopsis gene <i>AtARA6</i> into the cultivated soybean Shen Nong 9 (SN9). To investigate the salt tolerance pathways affected by <i>AtARA6</i> in soybean, we performed transcriptome sequencing using transgenic soybean and wild-type (SN9) under salt treatment and water treatment. Our results suggest that <i>AtARA6</i> is involved in the regulation of soybean SNARE complexes in the vesicle transport pathway, which may directly strengthen salt tolerance. In addition, we comprehensively analyzed the RNA-seq data of transgenic soybean and SN9 under different treatments and obtained 935 DEGs. GO analysis showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding, and the inositol catabolic process. Three salt-responsive negative regulator transcription factors, namely <i>MYC2</i>, <i>WRKY6</i>, and <i>WRKY86</i>, were found to be significantly downregulated after salt treatment in transgenic soybeans. Moreover, four genes encoding inositol oxygenase were significantly enriched in the inositol catabolic process pathway, which could improve the salt tolerance of transgenic soybeans by reducing their reactive oxygen species content. These are unique salt tolerance effects produced by transgenic soybeans. Our results provide basic insights into the function of <i>AtARA6</i> in soybeans and its role in abiotic stress processes in plants.
Drivers' fatigue studies (1997)

This paper summarizes the results of several fatigue studies of bus and truck drivers using different approaches. It presents findings from 24 city bus drivers obtained by the use of biochemical and psychophysiological tests before and after 7 h of driving. It presents an acoustic speech analysis conducted on 34 bus drivers before and after driving. Also, for a small group of city bus drivers, a continual examination of heart rate was carried out by electrocardiorecorder. Questionnaire studies on fatigue are related to the responses of 200 long-distance truck drivers and 107 dump-truck drivers who work in one copper mine. The last approach deals with the analysis of long-distance truck drivers' activities (driving, loading-unloading, resting and sleeping) during trips, based on their individual records. On the basis of these different approaches to bus and truck drivers' studies, clear psychophysiological, speech and subjective changes have been demonstrated and, on a descriptive level, certain symptoms observed during prolonged driving have been interpreted as effects of drivers' fatigue.
2‐Adamantanecarbonitrile (2003)

Abstract 2‐adamantanecarbonitrile solvent: petroleum ether product: 2‐adamantanecarbonitrile reactant: p ‐tolylsulfonylmethyl isocyanide product: 2‐adamantanecarboxylic acid
Electrical and structural properties of dislocations confined in a InGaAs/GaAs heterostructure (1993)

Electrical activation and structural defects in lattice-mismatched InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures are studied using the capacitance-voltage method, deep-level transient spectroscopy, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Confinement of structural defects is observed in an In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs heterostructure with a relaxed InGaAs layer thicker than the thickness of the critical layer. When In composition is 0.2, where the lattice mismatch is 1.4% between InGaAs and GaAs, a two-dimensional growth mode dominates. Misfit dislocations are formed and conduction electrons are depleted only near the InGaAs/GaAs interface. Carrier depletion is related to an electron trap with an activation energy of 0.395 eV and a capture cross section of 1×10−16 cm2 induced by deformation. Electrical evaluations show that electrical activity in the InGaAs layer does not degrade by interfacial dislocations. Therefore, a good-quality InGaAs layer is provided though the thin layer near the interface is of poor quality. These results indicate that elastic strain is not large enough in this system for dislocations to rise to the surface. In an In0.4Ga0.6As/In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs heterostructure, however, dislocation confinement is imperfect in spite of similar lattice mismatches between each of the interfaces. In this structure, threading dislocations rise into the epitaxial layer not only from the In0.4Ga0.6As/In0.2Ga0.8As interface but also from the In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs interface. This indicates that dislocations can be generated in the layer that had already been formed during the growth of an upper layer.
Yield of Screening for COVID-19 in Asymptomatic Patients Before Elective or Emergency Surgery Using Chest CT and RT-PCR (SCOUT) (2020)

One in every 100 patients without COVID-19 symptoms tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR; this yield increased in conjunction with community prevalence. The added value of chest CT was limited. Preoperative screening allowed us to take adequate precautions for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients in a surgical population, whereas negative patients needed only routine procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis‐Acid‐Induced Reaction of Silicon‐Containing Stannyl Ketones and Its Application to the Synthesis of (+)‐β‐Cuparenone. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ELF3 suppresses gallbladder cancer development through downregulation of the EREG/EGFR/mTOR complex 1 signalling pathway (2023)

The prognosis of gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains poor, and a better understanding of GBC molecular mechanisms is important. Genome sequencing of human GBC has demonstrated that loss-of-function mutations of E74-like ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3) are frequently observed, with ELF3 considered to be a tumour suppressor in GBC. To clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms by which ELF3 suppresses GBC development, we performed in vivo analysis using a combination of autochthonous and allograft mouse models. We first evaluated the clinical significance of ELF3 expression in human GBC tissues and found that low ELF3 expression was associated with advanced clinical stage and deep tumour invasion. For in vivo analysis, we generated Pdx1-Cre; Kras<sup>G12D</sup> ; Trp53<sup>R172H</sup> ; Elf3<sup>f/f</sup> (KPCE) mice and Pdx1-Cre; Kras<sup>G12D</sup> ; Trp53<sup>R172H</sup> ; Elf3<sup>wt/wt</sup> (KPC) mice as a control and analysed their gallbladders histologically. KPCE mice developed larger papillary lesions in the gallbladder than those developed by KPC mice. Organoids established from the gallbladders of KPCE and KPC mice were analysed in vitro. RNA sequencing showed upregulated expression of epiregulin (Ereg) in KPCE organoids, and western blotting revealed that EGFR/mechanical targets of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) were upregulated in KPCE organoids. In addition, ChIP assays on Elf3-overexpressing KPCE organoids showed that ELF3 directly regulated Ereg. Ereg deletion in KPCE organoids (using CRISPR/Cas9) induced EGFR/mTORC1 downregulation, indicating that ELF3 controlled EGFR/mTORC1 activity through regulation of Ereg expression. We also generated allograft mouse models using KPCE and KPC organoids and found that KPCE organoid allograft tumours exhibited poorly differentiated structures with mTORC1 upregulation and mesenchymal phenotype, which were suppressed by Ereg deletion. Furthermore, EGFR/mTORC1 inhibition suppressed cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in KPCE organoids. Our results suggest that ELF3 suppresses GBC development via downregulation of EREG/EGFR/mTORC1 signalling. EGFR/mTORC1 inhibition is a potential therapeutic option for GBC with ELF3 mutation. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Bystander Effect-Mediated Therapy of Experimental Brain Tumor by Genetically Engineered Tumor Cells (1998)

Transfer of the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, followed by administration of ganciclovir (GCV), generates the "bystander effect," in which HSV-tk-negative wild-type cells, as well as HSV-tk-expressing cells, are killed by GCV. To eradicate an intracranial tumor by this bystander effect, we injected the tumor cells transduced with the HSV-tk gene (TK cells) in the vicinity of the preimplanted wild-type tumor and then administered GCV. Wild-type 9L-gliosarcoma cells (1 x 10[5]) were implanted into the brain of syngeneic Fisher rats. On the next day, rats were injected with TK cells (1 x 10(5) or 3 x 10[5]) or medium alone at the same brain coordinate and then treated with GCV or saline. Administration of GCV significantly prolonged the survival of the rats injected with TK cells compared with that injected with medium alone (p < 0.01). Reduction in tumor size and retardation of tumor growth were observed by serial magnetic resonance imaging in the rats that received the combination of TK cells and GCV. The results show that the bystander effect is also achieved in vivo even when TK cells and wild-type cells are not simultaneously implanted. This treatment modality circumvents potential risks accompanied with in vivo gene transfer. Because there remained substantially no HSV-tk-positive cells in the recurrent tumors, this modality offers a "safe" therapeutic strategy against human malignant gliomas.
Limitations of the macrospin approximation of materials with inhomogeneous perpendicular anisotropy (2020)

Experimental investigations of the perpendicular anisotropy in thin films that are interpreted using a macrospin model often require the inclusion of a higher-order anisotropy contribution. However, recent ferromagnetic resonance experiments on [Co/Ni]N multilayers indicate that the macrospin model cannot explain the full angular dependence in this system. Using micromagnetic simulations of a system with lateral variations of the second-order perpendicular uniaxial anisotropy, we show that while the macrospin model is able to capture the average properties of the system along high symmetry orientations by including a higher-order anisotropy, the model fails to reproduce the full angle dependence. Our studies provide another indication that higher-order anisotropies may not be intrinsic to these systems but instead may be caused by inhomogeneities.
Focal hyperperfusion after superficial temporal artery—middle cerebral artery anastomosis in a patient with moyamoya disease (2004)

Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis is a standard surgical therapeutic option in patients with moyamoya disease. Most patients experience improvement in their clinical symptoms immediately after surgery. The authors report on the case of a 39-year-old man with moyamoya disease who suffered from temporary and frequent neurological deterioration after undergoing a left STA-MCA anastomosis. Hemodilution and hypervolemia therapies did not improve his course. Technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime single-photon emission tomography scans demonstrated focal intense accumulation of the tracer in the frontal operculum on the side of the surgery. Although diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated no abnormalities except for the postoperative change, perfusion-weighted MR images and MR digital subtraction angiography revealed focal hyperperfusion in the left frontal operculum where the cerebral perfusion reserve was severely disturbed preoperatively. This evidence strongly supports the notion that focal hyperperfusion observed after STA-MCA anastomosis could occur in the poor perfusion reserve area preoperatively and could cause temporary neurological deterioration.
Perioperative Administration of Cystine and Theanine Suppresses Inflammation and Facilitates Early Rehabilitation and Recovery after Esophagectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial (2022)

Oral administration of cystine and theanine (CT) increases glutathione levels to modulate the inflammatory response, which has yet to be sufficiently explored for patients' recovery and early rehabilitation. We planned a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether perioperative oral administration of CT promotes recovery after esophagectomy. Patients were randomized into either CT or placebo groups, who received preoperative and postoperative treatments for 4 and 13 days, respectively. The main outcome measures were triaxial accelerometer readings, inflammation indicators, a 6 min walk test (6MWT), and a quality of life questionnaire (QoR-40). The study involved 32 patients. Although the CT group (<i>n</i> = 16) showed better patient activity across the investigated period, there was no significant difference between the two groups. However, white blood cell count on postoperative days (POD) 2 and 10, neutrophil count (POD 2, 7, and 10), and C-reactive protein level (POD 13) in the CT group were significantly lower than in the placebo group. Furthermore, 6MWT on POD 7 and QoR-40 on POD 13 were significantly higher in the CT group than those in the placebo group. This study suggests that perioperative administration of CT may contribute to early recovery and rehabilitation after esophagectomy via suppression of inflammatory response.
The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Is Required for Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Apoptosis and CytochromecRelease (1998)

This study assesses the controversial role of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) in apoptosis. In primary rat hepatocytes expressing an IkappaB superrepressor, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) induced apoptosis as shown by nuclear morphology, DNA ladder formation, and caspase 3 activation. Confocal microscopy showed that TNFalpha induced onset of the MPT and mitochondrial depolarization beginning 9 h after TNFalpha treatment. Initially, depolarization and the MPT occurred in only a subset of mitochondria; however, by 12 h after TNFalpha treatment, virtually all mitochondria were affected. Cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of the MPT, blocked TNFalpha-mediated apoptosis and cytochrome c release. Caspase 3 activation, cytochrome c release, and apoptotic nuclear morphological changes were induced after onset of the MPT and were prevented by CsA. Depolarization and onset of the MPT were blocked in hepatocytes expressing DeltaFADD, a dominant negative mutant of Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), or crmA, a natural serpin inhibitor of caspases. In contrast, Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-cho, an inhibitor of caspase 3, did not block depolarization or onset of the MPT induced by TNFalpha, although it inhibited cell death completely. In conclusion, the MPT is an essential component in the signaling pathway for TNFalpha-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes which is required for both cytochrome c release and cell death and functions downstream of FADD and crmA but upstream of caspase 3.
Tauopathies: recent insights into old diseases. (2005)

Neurofibrillary tangles are brain lesions that have been discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, using histological silver staining. Tangles are intra-neuronal hallmarks of a degenerating process: neurofibrillary degeneration (NFD). The basic component involved in tangle formation is tau protein. Tangles are found in more than 20 different neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting that NFD is a unique consequence to different types of etiological factors. However, tangles have a morphological and biochemical signature which is disease-specific. They are made up of different types of filaments such as paired helical filaments (PHFs) in Alzheimer's disease or straight filaments in progressive supranuclear palsy. Tau aggregates have a disease-specific biochemical bar-code due to the aggregation of specific sets of tau isoforms. Tau lesions have also a disease-specific pattern of spatio-temporal progression in the human brain which is well correlated to cognitive impairment. At last, pathological tau mutations are at the origin of familial fronto-temporal diseases with parkinsonism (FTDP-17). Together, these observations have generated the concept of tauopathies. Indeed, each tauopathy is defined by a combination of clinical, neuropathological, biochemical and genetic features. Most of them have a specific defect on tau (mutation, aberrant splicing, abnormal phosphorylation, abnormal processing, neuronal or genotypic vulnerability), suggesting that, in fact, the etiology of most tauopathies is directly linked to tau dysfunction. In conclusion, we observe that most dementing disorders are tauopathies and that most demented patients have a tauopathy.
Offloading industrial human-machine interaction tasks to mobile devices and the cloud (2014)

This paper presents a three-tier architecture to offload Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) industrial automation tasks to local mobile devices and then the cloud, to take advantage of distributed computing and processing resources and to add new features to the HMI panel system. To best utilize the merits of each tier, a scheduling algorithm intelligently distributes the HMI tasks among the local HMI panel, mobile devices, and the cloud while taking into consideration their real-time characteristics. We demonstrate the proposed architecture with a real implementation on with a turbine control HMI.
Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems & Applications (2010)

ACM HotMobile 2010 marks the eleventh Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications and this year is located in Annapolis, Maryland; moving to the opposite US coast from our 2009 workshop in Santa Cruz, CA. HotMobile is a strong peer reviewed forum providing insight and debate into ground-breaking areas in mobile computing.

Workshop submission numbers were similar to last year with a total of 61 papers. The program committee accepted 15, resulting in a 25% acceptance rate; 17 poster and demonstration submissions were also accepted. We have planned several supporting events throughout the workshop to complement our rich technical program of five paper sessions. These events include an interactive panel on Do we trust what we sense?, and a keynote about the future users of mobile technology from Dr. Allison Druin, the Director of the Human-Computer Interaction Lab (HCIL) and an Associate Professor in the University of Maryland's College of Information Studies. We also plan to hold a brainstorming activity over lunch on the last day, focusing on the hottest application areas in Mobile Computing, and a report-out session at end-of-day.

As with previous workshops we feature a poster and demonstration session held during the reception, and doctoral consortium, allowing PhD students to present and discuss their research with the goal of obtaining early critical feedback from an audience that has a wide perspective on the challenges of mobile computing. The combination of a strong technical program and supporting events are designed to maintain the tradition of HotMobile encouraging discussion & debate, which are essential ingredients of a successful workshop.

Building on last year's workshop coverage, we have asked student volunteers to summarize the discussion during the event, and present it as a workshop report in IEEE Pervasive Computing for the second quarter of 2010.
Antioxidant Enzyme-Mimetic Activity and Neuroprotective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Stabilized with Various Ratios of Citric Acid and EDTA (2019)

Cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (CeNPs) are potent antioxidants that are being explored as potential therapies for diseases in which oxidative stress plays an important pathological role. However, both beneficial and toxic effects of CeNPs have been reported, and the method of synthesis as well as physico-chemical, biological, and environmental factors can impact the ultimate biological effects of CeNPs. In the present study, we explored the effect of different ratios of citric acid (CA) and EDTA (CA/EDTA), which are used as stabilizers during synthesis of CeNPs, on the antioxidant enzyme-mimetic and biological activity of the CeNPs. We separated the CeNPs into supernatant and pellet fractions and used commercially available enzymatic assays to measure the catalase-, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-, and oxidase-mimetic activity of each fraction. We tested the effects of these CeNPs in a mouse hippocampal brain slice model of ischemia to induce oxidative stress where the fluorescence indicator SYTOX green was used to assess cell death. Our results demonstrate that CeNPs stabilized with various ratios of CA/EDTA display different enzyme-mimetic activities. CeNPs with intermediate CA/EDTA stabilization ratios demonstrated greater neuroprotection in ischemic mouse brain slices, and the neuroprotective activity resides in the pellet fraction of the CeNPs. The neuroprotective effects of CeNPs stabilized with equal proportions of CA/EDTA (50/50) were also demonstrated in two other models of ischemia/reperfusion in mice and rats. Thus, CeNPs merit further development as a neuroprotective therapy for use in diseases associated with oxidative stress in the nervous system.