gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of aging on central and peripheral mammalian clocks (2002)

Circadian organization changes with age, but we do not know the extent to which age-related changes are the result of alterations in the central pacemakers, the peripheral oscillators, or the coupling mechanisms that hold the system together. By using transgenic rats with a luciferase (luc) reporter, we assessed the effects of aging on the rhythm of expression of the Period 1 (Per1) gene in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and in peripheral tissues. Young (2 months) and aged (24-26 months) Per1-luc transgenic rats, entrained to light-dark cycles, were killed, and tissues were removed and cultured. Per1-luc expression was measured from 10 tissues. In the SCN, the central mammalian pacemaker, Per1-luc expression was robustly rhythmic for more than 7 weeks in culture. The only difference between SCN rhythmicity in young and old rats was a small but significant age-related shortening of the free-running period. Circadian rhythmicity in some peripheral tissues was unaffected by aging, whereas rhythmicity in other tissues was either phase advanced relative to the light cycle or absent. Those tissues that were arrhythmic could be induced to oscillate by application of forskolin, suggesting that they retained the capacity to oscillate but were not being appropriately driven in vivo. Overall, the results provide new insights into the effects of aging on the mammalian circadian system. Aging seems to affect rhythms in some but not in all tissues and may act primarily on interactions among circadian oscillators, perhaps attenuating the ability of the SCN to drive damped oscillators in the periphery.
Speculative parallelization using software multi-threaded transactions (2010)

With the right techniques, multicore architectures may be able to continue the exponential performance trend that elevated the performance of applications of all types for decades. While many scientific programs can be parallelized without speculative techniques, speculative parallelism appears to be the key to continuing this trend for general-purpose applications. Recently-proposed code parallelization techniques, such as those by Bridges et al. and by Thies et al., demonstrate scalable performance on multiple cores by using speculation to divide code into atomic units (transactions) that span multiple threads in order to expose data parallelism. Unfortunately, most software and hardware Thread-Level Speculation (TLS) memory systems and transactional memories are not sufficient because they only support single-threaded atomic units. Multi-threaded Transactions (MTXs) address this problem, but they require expensive hardware support as currently proposed in the literature. This paper proposes a Software MTX (SMTX) system that captures the applicability and performance of hardware MTX, but on existing multicore machines . The SMTX system yields a harmonic mean speedup of 13.36x on native hardware with four 6-core processors (24 cores in total) running speculatively parallelized applications.
Synthesis and characterization of pH‐ and salt‐responsive hydrogels based on etherificated sodium alginate (2009)

Abstract Hydrogels composed of etherificated sodium alginate (ESA), sodium acrylic acid (NaAA), and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization. The effects of reaction variables such as terminal pH, ions, and ionic strength on hydrogel swelling ratio (SR) were determined and compared. SR was influenced strongly by pH and ionic strength. SR increased with increasing pH but tended to decrease with PVA content. At a given ionic strength, SR of ESA/NaAA/PVA hydrogel was dependent on the valence of anion; SR was higher in multivalent anion salt solution than in monovalent anion salt solution, i.e., SR K2SO4 &gt; SR KCl and SR Na2SO4 &gt; SR NaCl . The swelling kinetic of the hydrogels showed Fickian kinetic diffusion in acidic media and non‐Fickian behavior in alkaline media. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Full reconstruction of large lobula plate tangential cells in Drosophila from a 3D EM dataset (2018)

With the advent of neurogenetic methods, the neural basis of behavior is presently being analyzed in more and more detail. This is particularly true for visually driven behavior of Drosophila melanogaster where cell-specific driver lines exist that, depending on the combination with appropriate effector genes, allow for targeted recording, silencing and optogenetic stimulation of individual cell-types. Together with detailed connectomic data of large parts of the fly optic lobe, this has recently led to much progress in our understanding of the neural circuits underlying local motion detection. However, how such local information is combined by optic flow sensitive large-field neurons is still incompletely understood. Here, we aim to fill this gap by a dense reconstruction of lobula plate tangential cells of the fly lobula plate. These neurons collect input from many hundreds of local motion-sensing T4/T5 neurons and connect them to descending neurons or central brain areas. We confirm all basic features of HS and VS cells as published previously from light microscopy. In addition, we identified the dorsal and the ventral centrifugal horizontal, dCH and vCH cell, as well as three VSlike cells, including their distinct dendritic and axonal projection area.
Seismic Performance of Fabricated Internally Confined Hollow CFT Column (2013)

교량 건설에 있어서 사용 재료의 개발과 새로운 형식을 개발하는 기술이 발달하였다. 그러나 대부분의 기술 개발은 현장 타설 및 재료비 절감을 위한 공법에 치중하고 있다. 이러한 현장 타설의 경우 주변 환경 피해와 주변 민원을 야기할 뿐만 아니라 날씨에 큰 영향을 받는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해서 공기 단축을 위한 공법 개발이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 이 방법이 조립식 공법이다. 대부분의 조립식 건설공법은 상부구조에 위주이며, 이에 반해서 하부구조는 매우 미미하다. 선행 연구자들은 내부 구속 중공 CFT 기둥을 이용하여 조립식 기둥을 제시하였으며, 상세 요소로 기둥 세그먼트 접합부, 기초접합부, 기둥-코핑 접합부, 조립식 코핑부가 개발되어졌다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 개발된 방법을 적용하여 조립식 ICH CFT 모델의 실험체를 제작하여 내진성능을 분석하였다. 실험체는 기둥 접합방법에 따라서 몰탈주입법과 보강재 보강법으로 2개가 제작되었으며, 실험 모델이 지진 하중을 받을 경우의 파괴 및 거동 특성을 다양한 방법으로 분석하였다. Recently, a great progress has been made in bridge construction technology through the development of high performance materials and new structural types. However, most of attention has been paid to the cast-in-place technologies and material cost saving. The cast-in-place method is always subject to some environmental damages in construction sites, which frequently causes conflicts with residents. To overcome the disadvantages, a lot of fabrication construction method was developed. Most fabrication construction methods developed up to now have been applied for superstructure of bridges. In contrast, such fabricable methods developed for substructures are extremely rare. A fabricated column using ICH CFT(Internally Confined Hollow CFT) column was developed in a series of previous researches. Included in the previous studies are design and construction methods for the precast segmental coping, the column-coping connection, the column-segment connection, column-foundation connection. In this paper, seismic performance of the fabricated ICH CFT columns was extensively investigated experimentally. Two test specimens were prepared depending on the connection methods of segments; one by mortar-grouting method and the other by reinforcement method using stiffeners.
Stereoselective β-hydroxy-α-amino acid synthesis via an ether-directed, palladium-catalysed aza-Claisen rearrangement (2005)

A highly diastereoselective synthesis of (2S,3S)-beta-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids has been developed from enantiopure alpha-hydroxy acids using a MOM-ether-directed, palladium(II)-catalysed, aza-Claisen rearrangement of allylic acetimidates to effect the key step. This highly stereoselective process gave allylic amides in diastereomeric ratios of up to 14 : 1. Problems associated with the isolation of 1,3-products (anti-Claisen) from sterically demanding substrates via an insitu palladium(0)-catalysed rearrangement process were overcome by the addition of a re-oxidant, p-benzoquinone, leading to cleaner reactions and improved yields of the 3,3-products (Claisen). The target beta-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids are an important class of natural products that are also components of more complex organic compounds with significant biological properties.
Enhancing Bowel Sounds by Using a Higher Order Statistics-Based Radial Basis Function Network (2013)

Auscultation of bowel sounds provides a noninvasive method to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal motility diseases. However, bowel sounds can be easily contaminated by background noises, and the frequency band of bowel sounds is easily overlapped with background noise. Therefore, it is difficult to enhance the noisy bowel sounds by using precise digital filters. In this study, a higher order statistics (HOS)-based radial basis function (RBF) network was proposed to enhance noisy bowel sounds. An HOS technique provides the ability of suppressing Gaussian noises and symmetrically distributed non-Gaussian noises due to their natural tolerance. Therefore, the influence of additional noises on the HOS-based learning algorithm can be reduced effectively. The simulated and experimental results show that the HOS-based RBF can exactly provide better performance for enhancing bowel sounds under stationary and nonstationary Gaussian noises. Therefore, the HOS-based RBF can be considered as a good approach for enhancing noisy bowel sounds.
World Wide Web database developer's guide (1996)

Teaches readers how to quickly and professionally create a database and connect it to the Internet. Real-world database problems and solutions explain how to manage their information. Includes HTML, Java, and the newest Netscape 2.0 features to help organize their information. -- Explores ways to convert and present database information quickly and professionally -- Readers discover how to use the latest Java and Netscape 2.0 -- CD-ROM included
Dimensionality Reduction by Learning an Invariant Mapping (2006)

Dimensionality reduction involves mapping a set of high dimensional input points onto a low dimensional manifold so that 'similar" points in input space are mapped to nearby points on the manifold. We present a method - called Dimensionality Reduction by Learning an Invariant Mapping (DrLIM) - for learning a globally coherent nonlinear function that maps the data evenly to the output manifold. The learning relies solely on neighborhood relationships and does not require any distancemeasure in the input space. The method can learn mappings that are invariant to certain transformations of the inputs, as is demonstrated with a number of experiments. Comparisons are made to other techniques, in particular LLE.
Nonlethal sec71-1 and sec72-1 mutations eliminate proteins associated with the Sec63p-BiP complex from S. cerevisiae. (1994)

The sec71-1 and sec72-1 mutations were identified by a genetic assay that monitored membrane protein integration into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mutations inhibited integration of various chimeric membrane proteins and translocation of a subset of water soluble proteins. In this paper we show that SEC71 encodes the 31.5-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein (p31.5) and SEC72 encodes the 23-kDa protein (p23) of the Sec63p-BiP complex. SEC71 is therefore identical to SEC66 (HSS1), which was previously shown to encode p31.5. DNA sequence analyses reveal that sec71-1 cells contain a nonsense mutation that removes approximately two-thirds of the cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of p31.5. The sec72-1 mutation shifts the reading frame of the gene encoding p23. Unexpectedly, the sec71-1 mutant lacks p31.5 and p23. Neither mutation is lethal, although sec71-1 cells exhibit a growth defect at 37 degrees C. These results show that p31.5 and p23 are important for the trafficking of a subset of proteins to the ER membrane.
Understanding Psycholinguistic Behavior of Predominant Drunk Texters in Social Media (2018)

In the last decade, social media has evolved as one of the leading platform to create, share, or exchange information; it is commonly used as a way for individuals to maintain social connections. In this online digital world, people use to post texts or pictures to express their views socially and create user-user engagement through discussions and conversations. Thus, social media has established itself to bear signals relating to human behavior. One can easily design user characteristic network by scraping through someone’s social media profiles. In this paper, we investigate the potential of social media in characterizing and understanding predominant drunk texters from the perspective of their social, psychological and linguistic behavior as evident from the content generated by them. Our research aims to analyze the behavior of drunk texters on social media and to contrast this with non-drunk texters. We use Twitter social media to obtain the set of drunk texters and non-drunk texters and show that we can classify users into these two respective sets using various psycholinguistic features with an overall average accuracy of 96.78% with very high precision and recall. Note that such an automatic classification can have far-reaching impact – (i) on health research related to addiction prevention and control, and (ii) in eliminating abusive and vulgar contents from Twitter, borne by the tweets of drunk texters.
Wide Complex Arrhythmia—A Unique Presentation of an Unusual Syndrome (2023)

The mechanisms of wide complex tachycardia can vary. We discuss the case of a wide complex tachycardia with multiple mechanisms due to a rare genetic abnormality in a 26-year-old Caucasian man with a past history of spontaneous pneumothorax and syncope.
Peptide Pattern Recognition for high-throughput protein sequence analysis and clustering (2017)

Abstract Large collections of protein sequences with divergent sequences are tedious to analyze for understanding their phylogenetic or structure-function relation. Peptide Pattern Recognition is an algorithm that was developed to facilitate this task but the previous version does only allow a limited number of sequences as input. I implemented Peptide Pattern Recognition as a multithread software designed to handle large numbers of sequences and perform analysis in a reasonable time frame. Benchmarking showed that the new implementation of Peptide Pattern Recognition is twenty times faster than the previous implementation on a small protein collection with 673 MAP kinase sequences. In addition, the new implementation could analyze a large protein collection with 48,570 Glycosyl Transferase family 20 sequences without reaching its upper limit on a desktop computer. Peptide Pattern Recognition is a useful software for providing comprehensive groups of related sequences from large protein sequence collections.
Standing-wave transmission-line-resonator VCO for E-band Applications (2011)

In this paper, a fully integrated 42-GHz VCO in 90 nm CMOS is described. This VCO is designed for use in licensed E-band (i.e., 81-86 GHz) transceiver systems. In contrast to conventional LC-VCO topologies, a standing wave transmission line resonator instead of a lumped LC tank is employed to provide an extended output frequency range and relatively low phase noise. A slow wave coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure was used as the transmission line to reduce conductor and radiation losses and to minimize substrate attenuation. Both simulation and chip measurements show good VCO performance. Wide tuning range (1.7-GHz) and low phase noise (-102-dBc/Hz at 1MHz) were achieved. The paper also discusses design criteria and testing strategies.
High performance WR-1.5 corrugated horn based on stacked rings (2014)

We present the development and characterisation of a high frequency (500-750 GHz) corrugated horn based on stacked rings. A previous horn design, based on a Winston profile, has been adapted for the purpose of this manufacturing process without noticeable RF degradation. A subset of experimental results obtained using a vector network analyser are presented and compared to the predicted performance. These first results demonstrate that this technology is suitable for most commercial applications and also astronomical receivers in need of horn arrays at high frequencies.
A Si-CMOS 5-bit baseband phase shifter using fixed gain amplifier matrix (2012)

For millimeter wave beam forming system, instead of using phase shifter at very high frequency of radio frequency (RF) or local oscillator (LO) frequency, low frequency baseband (BB) phase shifter has more potential for realization. Conventional BB phase shifters use variable gain amplifiers (VGA), which have low linearity, and calibration is required for over 3-bit BB phase shifters. In this paper, we propose a novel BB phase shifter using fixed gain amplifiers (FGA) matrix with in/out-phase switches. Since FGA normally has higher linearity than VGA, it is possible to reduce overall power consumption to achieve same linearity. FGA has fixed reflection and transfer characteristic, so mismatch between phase shift states are reduced. By dividing phase shifter into smaller stages, the effects of process mismatches on very nearby transistors are small. So proposed structure has robustness against process mismatch. Fabricated 5-bit BB phase shifter using proposed method has a very low power consumption to achieve almost same linearity as other works and has a 3-dB bandwidth of 1.2 GHz, 1.5° of rms phase error, lower than 0.2 dB of rms gain error without calibration. For ambient temperature from -20°C to 80°C, simulated rms phase error varied by only 0.2°, and did not vary with process mismatch.
Methodology matters. Identifying drug safety issues: from research to practice (2000)

Health care organizations have the technology to significantly improve their detection of ADEs, medication errors, and potential ADEs. Identification and subsequent classification of events is crucial for quality efforts to improve patient safety.
The endogenous cardiac cannabinoid system: a new protective mechanism against myocardial ischemia. (2006)

The pharmacological (and recreational) effects of cannabis have been known for centuries. However, it is only recently that one has identified two subtypes of G-protein-coupled receptors, namely CB1 and CB2-receptors, which mediate the numerous effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannabinoids. Logically, the existence of cannabinoid-receptors implies that endogenous ligands for these receptors (endocannabinoids) exist and exert a physiological role. Hence, arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) and sn-2 arachidonoylglycerol, the first two endocannabinoids identified, are formed from plasma membrane phospholipids and act as CB1 and/or CB2 agonists. The presence of both CB1 and CB2-receptors in the rat heart is noteworthy. This endogenous cardiac cannabinoid system is involved in several phenomena associated with cardioprotective effects. The reduction in infarct size following myocardial ischemia, observed in rats exposed to either LPS or heat stress 24 hours before, is abolished in the presence of a CB2-receptor antagonist. Endocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids, the latter through either CB1 or CB2-receptors, exert direct cardioprotective effects in rat isolated hearts. The ability of cannabinoids to reduce infarct size has been confirmed in vivo in anesthetized mice and rats. This latter effect appears to be mediated through CB2-receptors. Thus, the endogenous cardiac cannabinoid system, through activation of CB2-receptors, appears to be an important mechanism of protection against myocardial ischemia.
A New Synthesis of Nornicotine and Nicotine (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Synthesis of Nornicotine and NicotineLyman C. CraigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 7, 2854–2857Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01334a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01334a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views670Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ENERGY CONVERSION FOR THE TRANSITION FROM Al TO γ-Al2O3 NANOPARTICLES (2013)

We have successfully converted large volume Al particles into γ- Al 2 O 3 nanostructures by vibration milling at room temperature and successive treatment. We show that there exist special relationships among stacking fault energy (SFE), strain energy (SRE), and surface energy (SE) of the materials, including interdependence, intercompetition, and interconversion during the phase transition. SFE and SRE perform the same changing tendency, while SE just does the opposite. However, it is not the particle size but the energy state that determines the reactivity of the materials. And it is the SE that can directly determine the physical chemical reaction and the conversion into the end product rather than SFE and SRE. When SE goes up, the material reactivity and the product yield will be enhanced; and when SE goes down, the reaction and the product yield will decay. However, the state of SE depends closely on the change tendency of the SFE and SRE. That is, when SFE and SRE goes up, SE will goes down; if SFE and SRE goes down, SE will goes up. It seems that energy conservation law may be followed in a sense in the particle system if the external input keeps constant. The work may be significant for energy conversion in nano-scale and mechanosynthesis of oxide nanoparticles.
A Graph Neural Network-Based Map Tiles Extraction Method Considering POIs Priority Visualization on Web Map Zoom Dimension (2022)

Owing to the tremendous popularity of mobile networks, point-of-interest (POI) data of location-based social networks (LSBN) provide significant geographic information on maps and can be utilized to discuss the dynamic characteristics of map tiles as segmented by city roads. In this study, motivated by the problem of the dynamic characteristic analysis of the map tile, we propose a spatial-zoom graph-attention model (SZ-GAT) based on a global-attention mechanism and 5-category POI attributes for each map tile zoom dimension. Furthermore, a social-media dataset (Twitter with geolocation) is utilized to promote POI visualization at different zoom levels and improve the aggregation efficiency of geographic records in zoom dimensions. In the experiments, we extract POI geo-features from Twitter and display the user&#x2019;s favorite POI features at each map zooming level with 5-dimensional tweet attributes. We evaluate the accuracy of the POI prediction on Google, OpenStreetMap, Bing, and Yahoo! maps by comparing the tweets&#x2019; visit history. The predictive performance of the proposed method is more than 86% for each zoom level on 60 randomly-selected map tiles in Kyoto City.