gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Proof-of-Concept Study of Transcutaneous Magnetic Spinal Cord Stimulation for Neurogenic Bladder (2018)

Patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) cannot urinate at will and must empty the bladder by self-catheterization. We tested the hypothesis that non-invasive, transcutaneous magnetic spinal cord stimulation (TMSCS) would improve bladder function in individuals with SCI. Five individuals with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A/B, chronic SCI and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia enrolled in this prospective, interventional study. After a two-week assessment to determine effective stimulation characteristics, each patient received sixteen weekly TMSCS treatments and then received "sham" weekly stimulation for six weeks while bladder function was monitored. Bladder function improved in all five subjects, but only during and after repeated weekly sessions of 1 Hz TMSCS. All subjects achieved volitional urination. The volume of urine produced voluntarily increased from 0 cc/day to 1120 cc/day (p = 0.03); self-catheterization frequency decreased from 6.6/day to 2.4/day (p = 0.04); the capacity of the bladder increased from 244 ml to 404 ml (p = 0.02); and the average quality of life ranking increased significantly (p = 0.007). Volitional bladder function was re-enabled in five individuals with SCI following intermittent, non-invasive TMSCS. We conclude that neuromodulation of spinal micturition circuitry by TMSCS may be used to ameliorate bladder function.
Effect of ionophores on ruminal fermentation (1989)

Article synthese concernant les effets des ionophores, en particulier la monensine, sur l'ecologie, sur le metabolisme microbien, et la physiologie membranaire de la flore microbienne des ruminants
Analysis of Flowering Time in Ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana (1997)

There exists variation in the timing of the initiation of flowering among different ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana. We have examined the basis of this variation between the early flowering Columbia (Col) ecotype and the late flowering ecotypes. Coimbra (Co-4), Geneva (Ge-2), and Zu-rich (Zu-0). In crosses of Col to Co-4, Ge-2, and Zu-0, the late flowering trait behaved as a single dominant gene the F1 plants were late flowering and in segregating F, populations a 3:1 ratio of late to early flowering plants was observed. This dominant gene resides in a region of chromosome 4 that contains a gene (FRIGIDA) conferring late flowering in certain other Arabidopsis ecotypes. Allelism tests indicate that the same genesis responsible for late flowering in Co-4, Ge-2. Zu-0, and the San Feliu (Sf-2) ecotype. These and previous results indicate that FRIGIDA accounts for much of the later flowering observed in various ecotypes of Arabidopsis.
Endocrine targets of hypoxia-inducible factors (2017)

Endocrine is an important and tightly regulated system for maintaining body homeostasis. Endocrine glands produce hormones, which are released into blood stream to guide the target cells responding to all sorts of stimulations. For maintaining body homeostasis, the secretion and activity of a particular hormone needs to be adjusted in responding to environmental challenges such as changes in nutritional status or chronic stress. Hypoxia, a status caused by reduced oxygen availability or imbalance of oxygen consumption/supply in an organ or within a cell, is a stress that affects many physiological and pathological processes. Hypoxic stress in endocrine organs is especially critical because endocrine glands control body homeostasis. Local hypoxia affects not only the particular gland but also the downstream cells/organs regulated by hormones secreted from this gland. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that function as master regulators of oxygen homeostasis. Recent studies report that aberrant expression of HIFs in endocrine organs may result in the development and/or progression of diseases including diabetes, endometriosis, infertility and cancers. In this article, we will review recent findings in HIF-mediated endocrine organ dysfunction and the systemic syndromes caused by these disorders.
Method of Preventing Shrinkage of Aluminum Foam Using Carbonates (2011)

Metallic foams are commonly produced using titanium hydride as a foaming agent. Carbonates produce aluminum foam with a fine and homogenous cell structure. However, foams produced using carbonates show marked shrinkage, which is clearly different from those produced using titanium hydride. It is essential for practical applications to clarify foam shrinkage and establish a method of preventing it. In this research, cell structures were observed to study the shrinkage of aluminum foam produced using carbonates. The cells of foam produced using dolomite as a foaming agent connected to each other with maximum expansion. It was estimated that foaming gas was released through connected cells to the outside. It was assumed that cell formation at different sites is effective in preventing shrinkage induced by cell connection. The multiple additions of dolomite and magnesium carbonate, which have different decomposition temperatures, were applied. The foam in the case with multiple additions maintained a density of 0.66 up to 973 K, at which the foam produced using dolomite shrank. It was verified that the multiple additions of carbonates are effective in preventing shrinkage.
Regional developmental capacities of the rat embryonic endoderm at the head-fold stage (1974)

ABSTRACT Three areas, composed of all three germ layers, were isolated from Fischer strain rat embryonic shields at the head-fold stage, and grafted separately under the kidney capsule of adult male rats of the same strain. The areas were from the neural plate, Hensen’s node and the primitive streak. The resulting teratomas were examined histologically for the presence of derivatives of the primitive gut. The grafts differed strikingly in their capacity to develop into different segments of the gut. Endoderm underlying the neural plate developed into derivatives of the foregut, while endo-derm underlying the primitive streak developed mainly into derivatives of the mid-and hindgut. It was concluded that, at the head-fold stage, the capacities to develop into different segments of the definitive gut are already roughly limited to particular areas of the endoderm.
Bone‐healing pattern at the surface of titanium implants: an experimental study in the dog (2013)

Osseointegration (new bone-to-implant contact) developed at various rates for cortical and trabecular compartments, respectively. In the trabecular region, mesenchymal cells were identified, subsequently developing into new bone in contact with the implant surface. In the cortical compartment, however, resorptive processes were observed throughout all periods of healing. The proportion of newly formed bone percentage was lower compared with that of the trabecular area. Old bone was still present after 1 month of healing in both compartments. Bone debris and small bone particles appeared to be involved in initial bone formation.
Dignity At Work (2001)

I have been privileged in recent years to be able to see the work of national church institutions from the perspective not only of a General Synod member, but also as a member of a modern trade union, which came into being in August 1994. It is one thing to be concerned with the role, status and conditions of service of the clergy, as a parish priest and as a member of a professional union—it is quite another to be made aware of the implications of change as they are viewed centrally, not the least of these being the cost of improved conditions of service.
Thiolated chitosan nanoparticles enhance anti-inflammatory effects of intranasally delivered theophylline (2006)

Intranasal delivery of theophylline complexed with TCNs augmented the anti-inflammatory effects of the drug compared to theophylline administered alone in a mouse model of allergic asthma. The beneficial effects of theophylline in treating asthma may be enhanced through the use of this novel drug delivery system.
The Classification of Chronic Daily Headache in Adolescents—A Comparison Between the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders and Alternative Diagnostic Criteria (2005)

(i) Among adolescents with TM, the majority (58.1%) could be classified as CM, according to the ICHD-2. These results were driven by TM without medication overuse. (ii) If the ICHD-2 criteria for CM are revised to require 15 days of migraine or probable migraine, the proportion of patients with TM- who meet the criteria for CM increases from 71% to 84%; for TM+, the proportion with probable chronic migraine and PMO increases from 30% to 68%. (iii) About half of the patients with NDPH according to the S-L criteria have too many migraine features to meet ICHD-2 criteria for NDPH.
The female protective effect in autism spectrum disorder is not mediated by a single genetic locus (2015)

The results do not support the hypothesis that the FPE is mediated by a single genetic locus; however, this does not exclude the possibility of multiple genetic loci playing a role in the FPE.
An infant with severe leucocyte adhesion deficiency (1996)

A case of severe leucocyte adhesion deficiency occurred in a 6 1/2-month-old boy whose parents were first-degree cousins. Evidence of the disease first became apparent with the late separation of the umbilical cord on the 20th day and with the later development of omphalitis. The most specific finding was the very low levels of CD18 and CD11, 0.44 and 0.15%, respectively. The boy died from sepsis which occurred as an extension of necrotic lesions on the ear and in the gluteal area.
Declarative privacy policy (2012)

Regulations and policies regarding Electronic Health Information (EHI) are increasingly complex. Federal and State policy makers have called for both education to increase stakeholder understanding of complex policies and improved systems that impose policy restrictions on access and transmission of EHI. Building on prior work formalizing privacy laws as logic programs, we prove that for any privacy policy that conforms to patterns evident in HIPAA, there exists a finite representative hospital database that illustrates how the law applies in all possible hospitals. This representative illustrative example can support new education, new policy development, and new policy debugging tools. Addressing the need for secure transmission of usable EHI, we show how policy formalized as a logic program can also be used to automatically generate a form of access control policy used in Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE). This approach, testable using our representative hospital model, makes it possible to share policy-encrypted data on untrusted cloud servers, or send strategically encrypted data across potentially insecure networks. As part of our study, we built a prototype to secure Health Information Exchange (HIE), with automatically generated ABE policies, and measure its performance.
EarPut (2013)

In this work-in-progress paper, we make a case for leveraging the unique affordances of the human ear for eyes-free, mobile interaction. We present EarPut, a novel interface concept, which instruments the ear as an interactive surface for touch-based interactions and its prototypical hardware implementation. The central idea behind EarPut is to go beyond prior work by unobtrusively augmenting a variety of accessories that are worn behind the ear, such as headsets or glasses. Results from a controlled experiment with 27 participants provide empirical evidence that people are able to target salient regions on their ear effectively and precisely. Moreover, we contribute a first, systematically derived interaction design space for ear-based interaction and a set of exemplary applications.
Preparation and Characterization of Pure‐Phase Co 2 Y Ferrite Powders via a Scalable Aqueous Coprecipitation Method (2010)

Aqueous chemical coprecipitation methods have been developed to produce large quantities, 12 g per batch, of pure‐phase Ba 2 Co 2 Fe 12 O 22 Y‐type hexaferrite powders. X‐ray diffraction studies showed that sintering temperatures as low as 900°C were sufficient to produce a single‐phase Y‐type hexaferrite material. The method has also been shown to lend itself to efficient scale up, leading to large batch production. The growth of particles as a function of time and temperature in a single‐step sintering process, as opposed to multiple annealing and sintering processes required in conventional ceramic processing, was explored. Size and shape of particles have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, while the magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometry. Measured structural and magnetic properties are closely matched with those of bulk ceramic materials, indicating that the proposed approach may serve as a large‐scale, cost‐effective substitute to conventional ceramic processing of hexagonal ferrite materials.
Attenuation of Temperature Fluctuations in Thermal Striping (1995)

Thermal striping is random temperature fluctuation generated by the mixing of flow streams at different temperatures. In a liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactor (LMFBR), it occurs in the upper plenum as a result of the mixing of sodium coolant jets from fuel assemblies and control rods. It is necessary to consider the temperature cycling in the context of fatigue on the component. A simplified model has been developed to analyze the attenuation of temperature fluctuations from the flow streams to the structure surface. The analytical results were compared with experiments that simulated the upper core structure and impinging jets from fuel sub-assemblies and control rod channels in an LMFBR. Sodium and water were used as simulated fluids to examine the differences in their physical properties. The surface attenuation ratio decreased with the jet flow velocity. The ratio of surface temperature fluctuation to fluid temperature fluctuation is 30–80% in water tests and is 20–50% in sodium tests. These experimental attenuation values almost agreed with the values calculated by the boundary layer theory.
Identification of Bacteria Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined with a Proteome Database and Statistical Scoring (2004)

Detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria and their protein toxins play a crucial role in a proper response to natural or terrorist-caused outbreaks of infectious diseases. The recent availability of whole genome sequences of priority bacterial pathogens opens new diagnostic possibilities for identification of bacteria by retrieving their genomic or proteomic information. We describe a method for identification of bacteria based on tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis of peptides derived from bacterial proteins. This method involves bacterial cell protein extraction, trypsin digestion, liquid chromatography MS/MS analysis of the resulting peptides, and a statistical scoring algorithm to rank MS/MS spectral matching results for bacterial identification. To facilitate spectral data searching, a proteome database was constructed by translating genomes of bacteria of interest with fully or partially determined sequences. In this work, a prototype database was constructed by the automated analysis of 87 publicly available, fully sequenced bacterial genomes with the GLIMMER gene finding software. MS/MS peptide spectral matching for peptide sequence assignment against this proteome database was done by SEQUEST. To gauge the relative significance of the SEQUEST-generated matching parameters for correct peptide assignment, discriminant function (DF) analysis of these parameters was applied and DF scores were used to calculate probabilities of correct MS/MS spectra assignment to peptide sequences in the database. The peptides with DF scores exceeding a threshold value determined by the probability of correct peptide assignment were accepted and matched to the bacterial proteomes represented in the database. Sequence filtering or removal of degenerate peptides matched with multiple bacteria was then performed to further improve identification. It is demonstrated that using a preset criterion with known distributions of discriminant function scores and probabilities of correct peptide sequence assignments, a test bacterium within the 87 database microorganisms can be unambiguously identified.
Pulsed excimer laser depositon of high Tc superconductor thin films on Si with and without oxide barrier (1990)

High T 1-2-3 superconductor thin films have been deposited on (001) single crystal Si with and without oxide barrier by pulsed excimer laser evaporation technique. The oxide barrier of Zi02 was also deposited by the same laser technique. It is shown that the quality of superconductor film and the corresponding transition depend on the quality of the barrier layer. Low angle X-ray diffraction and IR transmission results have been used to identify the structural quality of the barrier layer. The superconducting films have been characterized using X-ray diffraction and resistivity-temperature measurements. T of 87K has been achieved in O.7p,m thick high T films on Si with O.3p.m thick Z1O2 bather deposited at 600°C.
Chemical Processing and Magnetic Properties of Ferrite Nanoparticles (2022)

The truncation and bond bending commonly experienced at surfaces can produce profound changes in magnetic properties of nanoparticles and solids consisting of nanograins. This chapter focuses on the design of ferrite nanoparticles and in particular reports details of their processing methodologies. It provides a general review of the chemical methods that have been employed for ferrite synthesis. The chapter presents the analysis of these materials with a discussion regarding the influence of reaction variables on the final products and their functional properties. As magnetism in ferrites derives from superexchange interactions, it depends sensitively upon bond angles and lengths between cation–anion–cation arrangements. Therefore, particles must be highly crystalline to experience high values of magnetism. By its very nature, the surface and grain boundary of any nanomaterial represents a dramatic disruption to the lattice in chemistry and structure thus negatively impacts superexchange and magnetic properties.
PHOTOSENSITIZED SPLITTING OF PYRIMIDINE DIMERS BY INDOLE DERIVATIVES AND BY TRYPTOPHAN‐CONTAINING OLIGOPEPTIDES AND PROTEINS (1977)

Abstract— Indole derivatives including tryptophan can be used as photosensitizers of the splitting of pyrimidine dimers. The reaction can take place in frozen aqueous solutions as well as in fluid medium. Electron transfer from the indole ring to the dimer appears to be involved in the photosensitized reaction. Solvated electrons produced by flash photolysis in the presence of indoles or by pulse radiolysis are also able to split thymine dimers. The splitting of pyrimidine dimers in DNA can be photosensitized by indole derivatives such as serotonin and by tryptophan‐containing oligopeptides. Several methods including fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance have been used to show that the indole ring of these oligopeptides is able to stack with bases in nucleic acids. These stacked complexes are involved in the photosensitized reaction. The splitting of pyrimidine dimers in DNA has also been photosensitized by the protein coded by gene 32 of phage T4 which binds strongly and cooperatively to single‐stranded DNA. The mechanism of the splitting reaction as well as the possible use of this reaction to investigate the role of tryptophan residues in the binding of proteins to nucleic acids are discussed.
Estimating pre-morbid intellectual ability in the Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome (1992)

The National Adult Reading Test (NART) is widely used in clinical and research settings to estimate pre-morbid intellectual levels. The validity of the NART in estimating premorbid ability in Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome (AKS) is examined in the present study. Twenty AKS subjects were compared with 40 healthy controls. The validity of the NART as a pre-morbid measure in AKS was examined using four methods. AKS subjects made more NART errors than controls, had lower NART predicted IQ than demographically predicted IQ, made more NART errors than predicted by demographic variables and demonstrated NART performance which correlated with degree of memory impairment. It is concluded that NART performance is detrimentally affected by the AKS and that estimating pre-morbid intellectual level in Korsakoff's psychosis using the NART may be invalid. Furthermore, it is postulated that the impaired ability to pronounce correctly irregular words in AKS may reflect a failure in cognitive 'error checking' which may represent a consequence of frontal lobe dysfunction.
The highly malignant phenotype of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines is recessive (2000)

Taken together, these findings suggest that the highly malignant phenotype of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is achieved by the impairment of gene functions that negatively regulate cell growth, rather than by the activation of dominant oncogenes.
Mobile Devices For The Real Time Detection Of Specific Human Motion Disorders (2016)

We propose a wearable wireless sensing system for monitoring human motion disorders. The system is designed to be used at home or outdoor, as a mobile healthcare device assisting the person during the daily activity. It provides in real time an early detection of specific motion disorders at their outset, with excellent performance in terms of sensitivity and precision. The system is composed of inertial measurement units, a station for the real-time processing (smartphone/tablet/PC), dedicated algorithms and, eventually, a headphone for auditory feedback. An auditory feedback can warn the patient about particularly dangerous situations as the freezing of gait in the case of Parkinsonian patients, and timely provide rhythmic auditory stimulations to release the gait block. Two different hard and soft implementations of the system are discussed in this paper. The first has just one sensor in a headset. This solution features a fine detection of body motion and in particular of trunk oscillations, easy wearability, through auditory feedback. It is particularly compact and energy efficient, since no wired/wireless connection is required to give the audio-feedback (which reflects on the battery life). However, the headset suffers of the presence of a joint (the neck), which can hide important features of very disordered gaits, as in the case of the Parkinson's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. The second implementation has two sensors on the shins. It allows fine detection of gait features, and guarantees the best performance presented in the literature to date in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy in detection of the gait freezing. As a drawback, it requires an additional device in the ear for the audio-feedback, which implies higher power consumption respect to the headset device, for the wireless communication to the microphone. Different recognition algorithms were implemented in the same board, using fusion of raw signals from accelerometers and gyroscopes. The two solutions, their implementations, and experimental results will be discussed in detail, outlining strengths and deficiencies of the twos.