gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mid-infrared imaging of AGB star envelopes. II. Modelling of observed sources (1996)

Radiative transfer modelling of AGB circumstellar envelopes is applied to a sample of AGB stars previously observed with the mid-IR imaging camera TIRCAM (Busso et al. 1996: Paper I). We present the results of our simulations, aimed at deriving the physical parameters of the envelope, such as the optical depth and the radial thermal structure, the mass loss and the dust-to-gas mass ratio. The chemical composition of the dust in the observed envelopes is discussed. The ability of different sets of dust opacities to fit the mid-infrared spectra is evaluated. The hypothesis of dust grain aging and annealing in O-rich envelopes is considered in order to explain an apparent inadequacy of the availabe opacities to describe the variety of observed spectra, as previously noted by other authors. Various possible origins of the discrepancies are discussed, together with their consequences on the dust grain formation processes.
Ultrathin Silica‐Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Size‐Property Correlation (2020)

Abstract Magnetic nanostructures (MNS) in their superparamagnetic form are promising materials systems for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and thermal‐activation therapeutics via RF heating. These biomedical applications and associated properties are very much dependent on the structure, composition and size/shape of MNS. Although there are many speculations on the effect of various parameters on MNS, the size dependent properties are not well understood, largely due to challenges in size‐selective large‐scale synthesis for precise measurements and interference from typical large surface coating. Herein we report the size effect of iron oxide MNS on hydrodynamic radius, zeta potential, magnetic property and relaxivity. For this study, we have synthesized a wide range of monodispersed iron oxide MNS, from 7 nm to 20 nm nominal size and phase transferred to aqueous media with very thin layer of silica coating using Polyhedral Oligomeric Selesquioxanes (POSS). The dynamic light scattering (DLS) study and zeta potential measurement were carried out to determine the hydrodynamic radius and surface charges. The hydrodynamic radius follow the linear correlation but the zeta potential does not maintain it due to nonlinear mass/charge ratio relations with varying size. We have also conducted correlative studies of magnetic saturation ( M s ) and relaxivities. This work will highlight the size dependent correlation and tailoring of MNS properties for desired biomedical applications.
Candida vascular complication in a liver transplant recipient due to yeast contamination of preservation solution (2014)

Infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation. One possible cause of infection is preservation fluid contamination. Donor-derived pathogens, such as Candida albicans, have occasionally produced life-threatening complications in organ recipients, already described in renal transplantation. In the present case, we report the loss of a liver graft secondary to vascular complications because of C. albicans found in the preservation fluid. Our case report raises the question of implementing procedures, similar to those in renal transplantation, including early antifungal treatment and repeated radiological monitoring for the prevention and detection of vascular complications.
A novel two axis actuator for high speed large angular rotation (2002)

Reports the development of a novel two axis rotary actuator capable of high frequency out-of-plane rotation in two fully independent axes with large angular excursions. Initial results indicate that using the novel suspension and actuation mechanism presented permits large rotations exceeding /spl plusmn/13.5 degrees at rotational speeds exceeding 15 kHz, using excitation voltages below 100 V. The device is fabricated using a combination of surface and bulk micromachining. In this work the actuators are used to rotate single crystal silicon plates of sizes up to 1 mm/sup 2/. The size of such a device is less than 4 mm/sup 2/ making it suitable for a variety of new applications, such as micropositioning systems, inertial systems, microoptical elements, and compact imaging systems.
The Fatigue of Magnesium at High Temperature (1967)

High-frequency (10–1700 c/s) push/pull fatigue tests on a magnesium alloy at 0.75 of the melting point show that the rate of fatigue-hardening generally increases with increasing frequency and stress level. The time to onset of major crack propagation is virtually independent of frequency, though decreasing slightly at the higher frequencies. Beyond this point, the rate of crack propagation may be either time- or cycle-dependent, according to stress level. Fatigue specimens show marked grain growth at a rate that increases with increasing stress level. High-frequency tests are associated with less growth and enhanced boundary cavitation. Smaller grains give rise to less overall plastic strain than large grains and evidence is presented of grain-boundary sliding during fatigue.
STANDARDIZED FUNCTIONAL TESTS OF PAD CONDITIONERS (2015)

Characterization of CMP pad conditioners using the latest achievements of tribo-metrology is important for improvement of wafer yield and process consistency. The latest draft of an ASTM standard test method for pad conditioners includes two parameters determined during instrumented CMP tests, namely: 1- pad wear (cut) rate during continuous conditioning of a reference pad, which characterizes the conditioner abrasiveness (aggressiveness), 3- pad refreshing rate, which characterizes how fast the conditioner can return a glazed reference pad to its conditioned state, or conditioner effectiveness. This presentation describes the theoretical and experimental reasoning behind the above standardized test methods, developed within the ASTM working group WK5036, under the jurisdiction of subcommittee G02.30 on abrasive wear.
Altering the Sphingosine-1-Phosphate/Ceramide Balance: A Promising Approach for Tumor Therapy (2006)

In recent years sphingolipids have emerged as important signaling molecules regulating fundamental cell responses such as cell death and differentiation, proliferation and aspects of inflammation. Especially ceramide has been a main focus of research since it possesses pro-apoptotic capacity in many cell types. A counterplayer of ceramide was found in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is generated from ceramide by the consecutive actions of ceramidase and sphingosine kinase. S1P can potently induce cell proliferation via binding to and activation of the Edg family of receptors which have now been renamed as S1P receptors. Obviously, a delicate balance between ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate determines whether cells undergo apoptosis or proliferate, two cell responses that are critically involved in tumor development. Directing the balance in favor of ceramide, i.e. by inhibiting ceramidase or sphingosine kinase activities may support the pro-apoptotic action of ceramide and thus may have beneficial effects in cancer therapy. This review will summarize novel insights into the regulation of sphingolipid formation and their potential involvement in tumor development. Finally, we will pinpoint potential new targets for tumor therapy.
Removal of metals in leachate from sewage sludge using electrochemical technology (2004)

Heavy metals in acidic leachates from sewage sludge are usually removed by chemical precipitation, which often requires high concentration of chemicals and induces high metallic sludge production. Electrochemical technique has been explored as an alternative method in a laboratory pilot scale reactor for heavy metals (Cu and Zn) removal from sludge leachate. Three electrolytic cell arrangements using different electrodes materials were tested: mild steel or aluminium bipolar electrode (EC cell), Graphite/stainless steel monopolar electrodes (ER cell) and iron-monopolar electrodes (EC-ER cell). Results showed that the best performances of metal removal were obtained with EC and EC-ER cells using mild steel electrodes operated respectively at current intensities of 0.8 and 2.0 A through 30 and 60 min of treatment. The yields of Cu and Zn removal from leachate varied respectively from 92.4 to 98.9% and from 69.8 to 76.6%. The amounts of 55 and 44 kg tds(-1) of metallic sludge were respectively produced using EC and EC-ER cells. EC and EC-ER systems involved respectively a total cost of 21.2 and 13.1 CAN dollars per ton of dry sludge treated including only energy consumption and metallic sludge disposal. The treatment using EC-ER system was found to be effective and more economical than the traditional metal precipitation using either Ca(OH)2 and/or NaOH.
Measurement of neutron yields from UF<inf>4</inf> (2008)

We have performed measurements of neutron production from UF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> samples using liquid scintillator as the detector material. Neutrons and gamma rays were separated by a multichannel digital pulse shape discriminator, and the neutron pulse-height spectra were unfolded using sequential least-squares optimization with an active set strategy. The unfolded spectra were compared to estimates calculated with the SOURCES 4C code.
Stability of Evolving Fuzzy Systems Based on Data Clouds (2018)

Evolving fuzzy systems (EFSs) are now well developed and widely used, thanks to their ability to self-adapt both their structures and parameters online. Since the concept was first introduced two decades ago, many different types of EFSs have been successfully implemented. However, there are only very few works considering the stability of the EFSs, and these studies were limited to certain types of membership functions with specifically predefined parameters, which largely increases the complexity of the learning process. At the same time, stability analysis is of paramount importance for control applications and provides the theoretical guarantees for the convergence of the learning algorithms. In this paper, we introduce the stability proof of a class of EFSs based on data clouds, which are grounded at the AnYa type fuzzy systems and the recently introduced empirical data analytics (EDA) methodological framework. By employing data clouds, the class of EFSs of AnYa type considered in this paper avoids the traditional way of defining membership functions for each input variable in an explicit manner and its learning process is entirely data driven. The stability of the considered EFS of AnYa type is proven through the Lyapunov theory, and the proof of stability shows that the average identification error converges to a small neighborhood of zero. Although, the stability proof presented in this paper is specially elaborated for the considered EFS, it is also applicable to general EFSs. The proposed method is illustrated with Box-Jenkins gas furnace problem, one nonlinear system identification problem, Mackey-Glass time series prediction problem, eight real-world benchmark regression problems as well as a high-frequency trading prediction problem. Compared with other EFSs, the numerical examples show that the considered EFS in this paper provides guaranteed stability as well as a better approximation accuracy.
Maintaining Temporal Consistency: Issues and Algorithms. (1996)

Although transaction scheduling and concurrency control issues that arise in real-time databases have been studied in detail, insufficient attention has been paid to issues that arise when real-time transactions access data with temporal validity. Such transactions must not only meet their deadlines but also read and use data that correctly reflects the environment. In this paper, we discuss the issues involved in the design of a real-time active database which maintains data temporal consistency. The concept of data-deadline is introduced and time cognizant transaction scheduling algorithms which exploit the semantics of data and transactions based on data-deadline are proposed. 1 Introduction A real-time database system is a transaction processing system designed to handle workloads where transactions have deadlines. However, many real-world applications involve not only transactions with time constraints, but also data with time constraints. Such data, typically obtained from sens...
Photochemical reaction/light-scattering measurement system for determination of volatile hydrides (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical reaction/light-scattering measurement system for determination of volatile hydridesHiroaki. Tao, Akira. Miyazaki, and Kenji. BanshoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 1, 202–207Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00292a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00292a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Is There a Genetic Basis for Health Disparities in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease? (2010)

The highest global prevalence rates for human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome have been recorded in southern Africa; in the United States, individuals of African descent are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus infection. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals with African ancestry are also estimated to have a 17-fold or greater risk for developing human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy in comparison with their counterparts of non-African descent. Several recent studies have implicated genetic alleles that are more frequent in populations of African descent and increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus-associated neuropathy (HIVAN). The supposition that persons of African descent are more susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus infection because of an underlying genetic predisposition is not supported by available evidence. However, strong, replicated data show that the increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy, as well as other major forms of kidney disease in individuals of African descent, is due in part to MYH9 (myosin, heavy chain 9, non-muscle) renal disease susceptibility alleles that are very frequent throughout sub-Saharan Africa but are infrequent or absent in non-Africans. Selection, drift, and demographic events shape the allelic architecture of the human genome: it is expected that these events will be reflected in geographic-specific differentiation in allele frequencies for a small subset of alleles that may be associated with either increased or reduced risk for complex and infectious diseases.
José Gallego-Díaz, matemático (1987)

This work aimed to determine the seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in airborne PM<sub>10</sub> at two background sites (Masná-MS, Líšeň-LN) in Brno over a 5-year period (2009-2013). Samples were collected on quartz filters using a low-volume sampler by continual filtration. Concentrations of PAHs in collected PM<sub>10</sub> samples were determined using a gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer as a detector. A different number of PAHs were determined to be at each site, i.e., 11 PAHs at the MS site and six PAHs at the LN site, and similarities between them were identified using non-parametric analysis of variance. Potential sources were identified using principal component analysis (PCA) and PAHs diagnostic ratios. The work also focused on health risk assessment. This was estimated using toxic equivalent factors to calculate individual lifetime cancer risk, which quantifies risk of exposure to PAHs for specific age groups. The average 11-PAH concentrations in M|S site annually ranged from 19.28 ± 19.02 ng m<sup>-3</sup> (2011) to 40.37 ± 21.35 ng m<sup>-3</sup> (2013). With regard to the LN site, the average six-PAH concentrations annually ranged from 3.64 ± 3.87 ng m<sup>-3</sup> (2009) and 5.27 ± 6.19 ng m<sup>-3</sup> (2012). PCA and diagnostic ratios indicate the main sources to be traffic emissions and coal combustion. Health risk assessment showed carcinogenic risk under limit value in all cases.
Il lessico dell’architettura nella storia della lingua italiana (2006)

Il saggio è incentrato sulle specificità del lessico architettonico italiano in chiave diacronica, dalla sua nascita, fra Quattrocento e Cinquecento, fino ai nostri giorni. La ricostruzione della particolare cornice storico-culturale in cui questo si è formato, nel duplice rapporto con la ricca serie di latinismi ereditati dal “De architectura” di Vitruvio e i tecnicismi volgari delle botteghe artistiche e artigiane, è completata da una proposta di periodizzazione del processo di formazione e di sviluppo della terminologia dell’architettura. Una sezione specifica è dedicata anche ai metodi e agli strumenti della linguistica storica applicata all’architettura. Il contributo è completato da un percorso all’interno del lessico che da Alberti e Francesco di Giorgio Martini arriva fino ai cantieri del nuovo millennio, che di fatto costituisce una prima traccia di storia della lingua architettonica italiana.\n\n-----\n\n[The Lexicon of Architecture in the History of the Italian Language - \n\nThe study is centred on the specificities of the Italian Architectural Lexicon in a diachronic key, from its birth between the 15th and 16th centuries down to our day. The reconstruction of the particular historical-cultural framework in which this was formed, in the two-fold relationship with the rich series of Latinisms inherited from “De architectura” by Vitruvius and the popular technical terms of the artists’ and craftsmen’s workshops, is completed by a proposal to periodise the formation and development process of the terminology of architecture. A specific section is also dedicated to the methods and instruments of historical linguistics as applied to architecture. The contribution is completed by a journey inside the lexicon which, from Alberti and Francesco di Giorgio Martini, arrives as far as the construction sites of the new millennium, which indeed constitutes a first trace of the history of Italian architectural language].
Understanding dark current in pixels of silicon photomultipliers (2010)

Silicon photomultipliers are nowadays considered a promising alternative to conventional vacuum tube photomultipliers. The physical mechanisms operating in the device need to be fully explored and modeled to understand the device operational limits and possibilities. In this work we study the dark current behavior of the pixels forming the Si photomultiplier as a function of the applied overvoltage and operation temperature. The data are well modeled by assuming that dark current is caused by current pulses triggered by events of diffusion of single minority carriers (mostly electrons) injected from the boundaries of the active area depletion layer (dominating at temperatures above 0°C) and by thermal emission of carriers from Shockley-Read-Hall defects in the depletion layer (dominating at temperatures below 0°C).
Improvement in the Moisture Content of the Stratum Corneum Following 4 Weeks of Collagen Hydrolysate Ingestion (2009)

魚鱗コラーゲンペプチド（2.5g, 5g, 10g）の3用量の用量設定と豚皮コラーゲンペプチド（10g）の有効性確認を目的に，プラセボ群を設定して各々を4週間摂取して摂取前後の皮膚状態の変化を二重盲検法で比較した．その結果，魚鱗コラーゲンペプチド摂取によりその用量に応じて角層水分量の増加傾向が見られ，特に，30歳以上を対象とした層別解析で魚鱗コラーゲンペプチド5g以上の摂取により角層水分量の有意な増加が認められた．一方，豚皮コラーゲンペプチド摂取では有意な変化は得られなかった．この結果から，魚鱗コラーゲンペプチドの摂取は角層水分量の増加に有効であると考えられた．また，その他の評価項目（経表皮水分蒸散量，皮膚粘弾性，皮膚所見）に関しては，コラーゲンペプチド摂取に起因すると推定される変化は認められなかった．
Quantitative analysis of plasma interleiukin-6 by immunoassay on microchip (2012)

Sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) is one of the most frequently employed assays for clinical diagnosis, since this enables the investigator to identify specific protein biomarkers. However, the conventional assay using a 96-well microtitration plate is time- and sample-consuming, and therefore is not suitable for rapid diagnosis. To overcome these drawbacks, we performed a sandwich ELISA on a microchip. We employed the piezoelectric inkjet printing for deposition and fixation of 1st antibody on the microchannnel surface (300 μm width and 100 μm depth). Model analyte was interleukin-6 (IL-6) which was one of the inflammatory cytokine. After blocking the microchannel, antigen, biotin-labeled 2nd antibody, and avidin-labeled peroxidase were infused into the microchannel and incubated for 20 min, 10 min, and 5 min, respectively. This assay could detect 2 pg/ml and quantitatively measure the range of 0-32 pg/ml. Liner regression analysis of plasma IL-6 concentration obtained by microchip and conventional methods exhibited a significant relationship (R2 = 0.9964). This assay reduced the time for the antigen-antibody reaction to 1/6, and the consumption of samples and reagents to 1/50 compared with the conventional method. This assay enables us to determine plasma IL-6 with accuracy, high sensitivity, time saving ability, and low consumption of sample and reagents, and thus will be applicable to clinic diagnosis.
Mechanically Tunable High-Temperature Superconducting Microwave Filter with Large Shift of Resonant Frequency (2001)

We propose a mechanically tunable superconducting microwave filter using a floating dielectric or magnetic plate which can be displaced by an actuator above the resonator for frequency tuning. We also examine the transmission and tunable characteristics of the mechanically tunable filter numerically and experimentally. The electromagnetic field simulation based on the moment method shows that a large shift in the resonant frequency by about 1.8 GHz is obtained by displacement of the (La 0.3 Sr 0.7 )(Al 0.65 Ta 0.35 )O 3 [LSAT] floating dielectric plate by 0.1 mm. In the experiment, we obtained a 1.36 GHz shift from the initial center frequency of 7.05 GHz with little increase in the insertion loss by application of an electric voltage to the electromagnetic actuator. These results suggest that the mechanical tuning of superconducting microwave components is useful for optimizing frequency response and for the functioning of RF filter at the front end of the base station receiver of a software-defined radio (SDR).