gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Film Cooling Superposition Theory for Multiple Rows of Cooling Holes With Multiple Coolant Temperatures (2021)

Abstract The classical method of superposition has been used for several decades to provide an estimate of the adiabatic effectiveness for multiple sets of already well-characterized film cooling hole rows. In this way, design work is aided by classical superposition theory prior to higher fidelity experiments or simulations that would account for fluid dynamic interaction for which superposition cannot account. In the present work, we consider the additive effects of multiple rows of coolant holes, but now also with coolant issuing at different temperatures. There are a number of ways that coolant may issue from different cooling hole rows at different temperatures, one of which is simply the necessarily different internal channels through which the coolant must pass. The film cooling effectiveness is investigated for double rows of cooling holes wherein the two rows have different coolant temperatures. A double row consisting of an upstream slot and a downstream row of 7–7–7 cooling holes were first evaluated with a single coolant temperature to demonstrate that classical superposition theory applies well to the present configuration. Superposition theory is then extended to the context of multiple coolant temperatures and a new nondimensional parameter is identified, which governs cooling performance. The theory is experimentally evaluated by independently varying the coolant temperatures of the two rows. Circumstances are identified in which the second row of cooling holes may be detrimental to cooling performance.
Redundancy in nonlinear systems: A set covering approach. (1999)

In this thesis we present Boneh's Set Covering (SC) approach to the redundancy detection problem, and we show that his approach is also applicable to the related problem of finding a Prime Representation (PR), an Irreducible Infeasible System (IIS) or a Minimal Infeasible System (MIS). In order to generate the SC matrix E, we need a probabilistic method for sampling points in Rn. Consequently we can assign a detection probability to each row of E, and we show that if a row of E has a zero detection probability, then it must correspond to what we call a local quasi-minimizer We show that convex systems have no such local quasi-minimizers.Dept. of Economics, Mathematics, and Statistics. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses &amp; Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1999 .F46. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 39-02, page: 0516. Adviser: Richard J. Caron. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1999.
Trajectory-Constrained Collective Circular Motion With Different Phase Arrangements (2019)

A methodology to stabilize synchronized, balanced, or symmetric phase patterns of unicycle-type agents on a desired common circle, while restricting their trajectories to a certain region of interest, is proposed in this note. These phase patterns are characterized by the motion of the collective centroid of the group of agents and derived by optimizing the average linear momentum of the group. Under a mild assumption on initial states of the agents, we design control laws by exploiting the concept of barrier Lyapunov function in conjunction with bounded phase potential functions. We show that the agents asymptotically stabilize to a desired phase arrangement and their trajectories remain bounded during stabilization. We obtain bounds on the different quantities of interest in the postdesign analysis and show that these bounds depend on the initial conditions and can be altered by adjusting the controller gains. We also prove convergence when the control input is saturated to a prespecified value. Finally, we provide a discussion on the application and limitation of the proposed approach and characterize the feasible initial conditions.
Application of electrical effective channel length and external resistance measurement techniques to a submicrometer CMOS process (1989)

The practical applications and limitations of four methods for extracting the effective channel length (L/sub eff/) and series resistance (R/sub ext/) parameters for MOS devices are studied. The methods are: GD (gate drive) using fixed-current V/sub t/ or GD(I/sub ds/); SBGD (substrate-bias GD) using fixed-current V/sub t/ or SBGD (I/sub ds/); GD using maximum slope V/sub t/ or GD (G/sub m/); and SBGD using maximum slope V/sub t/ or SBGD (G/sub m/). Conventional and two LDD (lightly doped drain) structures fabricated in a submicrometer CMOS process are used. The results indicate that all the extraction methods are applicable to both n-channel and p-channel devices, although some are only valid over a small range of gate biases. Inconsistencies in applying V/sub t/ calculations to the extraction equations set a lower limit for V/sub gst/ of approximately 0.5 V, while the upper limit of 2.0-4.0 V arises due to imprecision in R/sub ds/ measurements influencing the double regression steps involved in the techniques. The SBGD (I/sub ds/) method was applicable over a wider range of bias conditions than the other techniques analyzed and is easier to implement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Evolving Model for the Offering of eBusiness Programs (2005)

Tertiary institutions in the 21 st century offer new degree programs to expand their market share and increase revenue. Most program developers focus on the cohesion of the new program content and thereby miss some other important elements in program offering. We believe that there is a need for an appropriate underlying model to support the offering of new academic degree programs. In this paper we propose such a model, which has been developed and extended from a number of existing marketing service product offering models. The paper initially reviews the literature on service product offering models. Based on the reviewed models, we then propose a theoretical model for offering eBusiness tertiary education – a model which may also apply to the offering of new programs in other disciplines. 1.
Analysis of Temperatures and Expansions Resulting from Exponential Power Changes in a Reactor (1958)

Simple, analytic expressions for temperatures and axial fuel expansions in an exponentially heated, heterogeneous reactor are derived. Constant thermal resistances, equal to the steady-state values, are assumed, and the effects of using this assumption are discussed. Multiregion fuel elements are treated, both with and without coolant flow. The effect of mechanical inertia upon axial expansion of fuel rods with one fixed end is taken into account. Numerical examples which pertain to EBR-II are presented.
The efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate in canine skin preparation – practice survey and clinical trials (2009)

The lack of significant differences in efficacy between the different concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate means that current practices may be adequate, although if the chlorhexidine gluconate concentrations and contact times used are unknown, they may be lower than those tested here and, possibly, ineffective, especially if contact times are short.
Sb2Te3topological insulator based saturable absorber for Er-doped mode-locked fiber lasers (2015)

We present an Er-doped fiber mode-locked laser based on an evanescent field interaction with the Sb2Te3 topological insulator. The saturable absorber (SA) consist of a bulk piece of Sb2Te3 material placed on the side-polished fiber in the presence of UV curable polymer. The measured SA optical parameters like: linear absorption, modulation depth and non-saturable loses were of 50%, 6% and 43%, respectively. The SA was spliced into the ring laser cavities characterized by the all-anomalous, all-normal and balanced dispersion. Such laser resonators allowed for optical solitons, dissipative solitons and Gaussian pulses generation with 3dB bandwidth of 8.5 nm, 37 nm and 17 nm, respectively.
Alpha Particles Induce Apoptosis through the Sphingomyelin Pathway (2011)

The sphingomyelin pathway involves the enzymatic cleavage of sphingomyelin to produce ceramide, a second messenger that serves as a key mediator in the rapid apoptotic response to various cell stressors. Low-linear energy transfer (LET) γ radiation can initiate this pathway, independent of DNA damage, via the cell membrane. Whether short-ranged, high-LET α particles, which are of interest as potent environmental carcinogens, radiotherapies and potential components of dirty bombs, can act through this mechanism to signal apoptosis is unknown. Here we show that irradiation of Jurkat cells with α particles emitted by the ²²⁵Ac-DOTA-anti-CD3 IgG antibody construct results in dose-dependent apoptosis. This apoptosis was significantly reduced by pretreating cells with cholesterol-depleting nystatin, a reagent known to inhibit ceramide signaling by interfering with membrane raft coalescence and ceramide-rich platform generation. The effects of nystatin on α-particle-induced apoptosis were related to disruption of the ceramide pathway and not to microdosimetry alterations, because similar results were obtained after external irradiation of the cells with a broad beam of collimated α particles using a planar ²⁴¹Am source. External irradiation allowed for more precise control of the dosimetry and geometry of the irradiation, independent of antibody binding or cell internalization kinetics. Mechanistically consistent with these findings, Jurkat cells rapidly increased membrane concentrations of ceramide after external irradiation with an average of five α-particle traversals per cell. These data indicate that α particles can activate the sphingomyelin pathway to induce apoptosis.
Arterial chemotherapy in the management of colorectal cancer: an overview. (1991)

We have discussed the role of arterial therapy in patients with various stages and types of colon cancer. Arterial therapy is probably not useful as an adjuvant therapy for Dukes' C colon cancer. It may, however, play a role among patients with incomplete resection of liver metastases (positive margins). A randomized trial is needed to determine the role of arterial therapy in patients who have undergone complete resection of liver metastasis. Arterial therapy does not seem justified for patients with recurrent pelvic tumors. For nonresectable liver metastases, hepatic arterial therapy induces a higher response rate than does intravenous treatment. It may also improve performance status and offer additional palliation to patients who have failed systemic chemotherapy. are refractory to systemic chemotherapy may be candidates for palliative hepatic arterial chemotherapy even out of the context of a clinical trial. Asymptomatic patients with nonresectable liver metastasis who are refractory to systemic chemotherapy should be enrolled in phase I-II arterial chemotherapy trials designed to identify optimal treatment regimens. Previously untreated asymptomatic patients wishing treatment may be enrolled in a new multi-institutional phase III trial being designed to compare contemporary systemic chemotherapy with less toxic arterial therapy and combined arterial and systemic therapy. Such a new trial will have to avoid any cross-over between arms to determine the true impact of arterial therapy on survival. Regional arterial chemotherapy tries to extract the "extra mile" from marginally active drugs that have a steep dose response curve by increasing tumor drug exposure. Increased drug concentrations in the tumor may be accomplished by means of the blood vessel-to-tumor concentration gradient. The technology to achieve such a gradient has involved percutaneous hepatic arterial catheters, implantable infusion pumps or ports, and external pumps. The most economic hepatic arterial delivery system for protracted arterial FUdR is an infusion pump. Despite good pharmacological rationale, an improved response rate, and good evidence for effective palliation in advanced disease, hepatic arterial therapy has not improved survival when compared with systematic intravenous treatment. Possible explanations include the following: (1) poor study design that allowed patients to cross over between arms: (2) inadequate arterial chemotherapy combination; (3) inadequate arterial chemotherapy schedule; (4) hepatobiliary toxicity levels that required cessation of hepatic arterial therapy and allowed the emergence of resistant tumor clones; and (5) systemic progression of disease. Only time will tell whether improved chemotherapy and the design of a new phase III trial will establish a beneficial role for upfront hepatic arterial therapy in asymptomatic patients with colon cancer metastatic to the liver.
Immersive Operation of a Semi-Autonomous Aerial Platform for Detecting and Mapping Radiation (2021)

Recent advancements in radiation detection and computer vision have enabled small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs) to produce 3D nuclear radiation maps in real-time. Currently these state-of-the-art systems still require two operators: one to pilot the sUAS and another operator to monitor the detected radiation. In this work we present a system that integrates real-time 3D radiation visualization with semi-autonomous sUAS control. Our Virtual Reality interface enables a single operator to define trajectories using waypoints to abstract complex flight control and utilize the semi-autonomous maneuvering capabilities of the sUAS. The interface also displays a fused radiation visualization and environment map, thereby enabling simultaneous remote operation and radiation monitoring by a single operator. This serves as the basis for development of a single system that deploys and autonomously controls fleets of sUASs.
Measurement and Simulation of Instantaneous Emissions of a Heavy Truck Diesel Engine During Transients (2008)

During the last decades, pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines used for transportation have become a major concern. Today, not only steady state emissions but also emissions during transients are regulated and have to be studied in order to be reduced. In this paper, we describe a new methodology developed to measure the instantaneous level of gaseous emissions from a internal combustion engine during transients, using an analyzer initially designed for steady state operation. Moreover, a new phenomenological thermodynamical combustion model is proposed in order to compute emissions during transients. The results of these two methods are compared on various transients. The measurement method seems to give good results (except for hydrocarbon (HC) measurements), as long as the speed and load variations are not too fast. Otherwise, the frequency of the analyzer which was used becomes the limiting factor. The new combustion heat release developed to simulate transients, coupled with an existing two-zone model for emission calculations, leads to satisfactory results for CO2 and O2 concentrations and NOx emissions. The agreement with measurements is good for smooth transients and seems promising for faster dynamics. The initial goal was reached, although some improvements are still necessary concerning HC measurements and the fastest transients. These results could be helpful when trying to reduce the amount of pollutant emissions at the exhaust during transients, directly or with after treatment devices.
Factors that determine a university community’s satisfaction levels with public transit services (2023)

Introduction: Universities and other educational institutions across the United States collaborate with service providers to afford their students, faculty, and staff transit services, such as dedicated buses, on-demand ridesharing, and public transportation. The university community relies on these services, especially in rural and low-density areas without fixed-route transit services. The literature on this topic has a wealth of detailed material about the travel and usage patterns of public transit systems, but it has little information about users’ satisfaction with the transit services provided by universities. Method: This study focuses on filling this gap by using descriptive statistics and ordered logistic regression to determine how satisfied users are with university transit services and what factors are associated with their level of satisfaction. Four public transit services available to the University of Texas at Arlington community served as our case studies. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that most users are satisfied with the services overall. Riders were highly satisfied with service attributes like ease of boarding, cleanliness, customer service, and vehicle speed of the four services. On the other hand, they were least satisfied with service availability and wait times of these services. The findings from this study may be used to provide the UTA community with better mobility and accessibility options and to evaluate the levels of satisfaction with similar services offered to other university communities.
[Relationship between chemical structure and toxicologic-pharmacokinetic properties of new ampicillin derivatives]. (1992)

The toxicity and the bioavailability of new ampicillin derivatives with glyoxylic acid benzhydrazones as site chain depend on the hydrophobic properties of the site chain. Substituents with lower hydrophobicity (expressed by the hydrophobic substituent constant pi according to Hansch) show a lower toxicity (maximal tolerated doses) and also a lower bioavailability.
Mathematical Model of Flavor Release from Liquids Containing Aroma-Binding Macromolecules (1997)

A mathematical model has been developed to describe flavor release from aqueous solutions containing flavor-binding polymers. First-order chemical kinetics is used to describe the reversible binding of the aroma and polymer, and the penetration theory of interfacial mass transfer is used to model flavor release across the gas−liquid interface. The model is used to predict the equilibrium partitioning properties and the rates of release of two volatiles, one hydrophilic (diacetyl) and the other hydrophobic (heptan-2-one), as a function of the binding constants and first-order rate constants. In general, the rates of release are shown to be more sensitive to changes in the binding constant than the rate constants. Increasing the flavor−binder interaction leads to decreased release rates and a lower final headspace aroma concentration. Nevertheless, the results suggest that in most situations the rate-limiting step for flavor release is not the chemical binding step but the transport of aroma across the liquid−gas interface. Keywords: Interfacial mass transfer; penetration theory; mass diffusion; partitioning; headspace
Donor‐Substituted 1,1,4,4‐Tetracyanobutadienes (TCBDs): New Chromophores with Efficient Intramolecular Charge‐Transfer Interactions by Atom‐Economic Synthesis (2006)

Abstract A wide variety of monomeric and oligomeric, donor‐substituted 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobutadienes (TCBDs) have been synthesized by [2+2] cycloaddition between tetracyanoethylene (TNCE) and donor‐substituted alkynes, followed by electrocyclic ring opening of the initially formed cyclobutenes. Reaction yields are often nearly quantitative but can be affected by the electron‐donating power and steric demands of the alkyne substituents. The intramolecular charge‐transfer (CT) interactions between the donor and TCBD acceptor moieties were comprehensively investigated by X‐ray crystallography, electrochemistry, UV‐visible spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations. Despite the nonplanarity of the new chromophores, which have a substantial twist between the two dicyanovinyl planes, efficient intramolecular CT interactions are observed, and the crystal structures demonstrate a high quinoid character in strong donor substituents, such as N , N ‐dimethylanilino (DMA) rings. The maxima of the CT bands shift bathochromically upon reduction of the amount of conjugative coupling between strong donor and acceptor moieties. Each TCBD moiety undergoes two reversible, one‐electron reduction steps. Thus, a tri‐TCBD derivative with a 1,3,5‐trisubstituted benzene core shows six reversible reduction steps within an exceptionally narrow potential range of 1.0 V. The first reduction potential E red,1 is strongly influenced by the donor substitution: introduction of more donor moieties causes an increasingly twisted TCBD structure, a fact that results in the elevation of the LUMO level and, consequently, a more difficult first reduction. The potentials are also strongly influenced by the nature of the donor residues and the extent of donor–acceptor coupling. A careful comparison of electrochemical data and the correlation with UV‐visible spectra made it possible to estimate unknown physical parameters such as the E red,1 of unsubstituted TCBD (−0.31 V vs Fc + /Fc) as well as the maxima of highly broadened CT bands. Donor‐substituted TCBDs are stable molecules and can be sublimed without decomposition. With their high third‐order optical nonlinearities, as revealed in preliminary measurements, they should become interesting chromophores for ultra‐thin film formation by vapor deposition techniques and have applications in opto‐electronic devices.
EPID-13. POLYMORPHISMS IN MYELOID-ASSOCIATED GENES PREDICT GLIOMA SURVIVAL (2016)

Growing evidence is revealing an association between the myeloid cell infiltration and glioma development and progression. Therefore, identifying myeloid-derived genes variants that predict survival may demonstrate important insight into tumor biology and treatment. We evaluated 1878 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 96 myeloid-derived genes for prognostic impact in 662 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 562 low-grade gliomas (LGG), respectively, using Cox regression model. We then tested our promising findings in another independent datasets totaling 347 GBM and 667 LGG. The median survival time (MST) for GBM patients were 1.42 year; for LGG patients were 5.63 year. We identified 22 SNPs as predictors of GBM survival and 19 SNPs as predictors of LGG survival. For GBM, the strongest associations were attained at KCNN2 rs2974491 (HR 1.18; CI:1.05-1.35; p= 0.010), IL6 [rs6461667 (HR 0.84; CI:0.74-0.94; p=0.003), rs1554606 (HR 0.85; CI:0.75-0.95; p=0.007), and rs6954897 (HR 1.17; CI 1.06-1.31; p=0.0011)], and TLR4 [rs2149361 (HR 1.28; CI:1.08-1.51; p=0.003) and rs3860141 (HR 1.19; CI:1.03-1.30; p=0.010)]; for LGG, the strongest signals were seen at IL12A [rs2561287 (HR 1.41; CI:1.09-1.82; p=0.009), rs7610160 (HR 0.80; CI:0.67-0.95; p=0.010), and rs2366408 (HR 0.77; CI:0.66-0.95; p=0.14)], and IL17A rs17640030 (HR 1.42; CI: 1.12-1.92; p=0.009). These findings were further confirmed in the validation set and further joint effect analysis showed a strong gene-dosage effect for both GBM and LGG (Ptrend < 0.0001). The MST decreased progressively as the number of at-risk SNPs increased. This exploratory analysis supports polymorphisms in myeloid-derived genes, in particular, KCNN2, IL6 and TLR4 impacting GBM survival, and IL12A and IL17Agenes associated with LGG survival.
Three-waveguide couplers for improved sampling and filtering (1981)

Coupling between two uncoupled waveguides in proximity can be affected by introducing a third waveguide between them. One advantage of this scheme is that it can eliminate the need for bends. Another advantage is the resulting improvement in the shape of the transfer characteristic. Improved sampling and tunable filter operation of this new structure are also shown. An analysis of a uniform filter structure is presented. The `sidelobe' analysis of Alferness is adapted to the present case and tapers are investigated for further sidelobe suppression.