gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyacetylenes with cholesteryl side‐groups: synthesis, linear and non‐linear optical properties of soluble conjugated polymers (1992)

Abstract New polyacetylenes with cholesteryl side‐groups with different spacer lengths are polymerized through classical metathesis reaction in solution with the transition metal halides WCl 6 , MoCl 5 , and TaCl 5 . The highest polymerization yield and the best average molecular weight are obtained with the cholesteryl 4‐pentynoate (CP5) with the 1 ,4‐dioxane/WCl 6 couple and the measured values are, respectively, 87% and 15 · 10 4 . All of the other esters, cholesteryl propynoate or cholesteryl 10‐undecynoate give low polymerization yields. Poly(CP5) is a red transparent solid; it can be dissolved in common organic solvents and can be cast from solution into films. The solid‐state film presents a transition to a thermotropic liquid‐crystalline phase at 189°C and a transition to the isotropic phase at 189°C. A progressive decoloration occurs in solution and in the liquid‐crystalline phase. The results are interpreted as conformational changes of the polyene planar chain in a less conjugated backbone. The third‐order susceptibility χ 3 measured by third harmonic generation on the red polymer lies in the range of 10 −21 V 2 ·m −2 in accord with the low content of the active part in the molecule and to a moderate length of conjugation of this highly crowded polyacetylenic chain.
Making iris recognition more reliable and spoof resistant (2007)

Iris recognition seems to have all of the attributes we’d like to have in biometrics: it is fast, highly reliable and, by its nature, non-invasive. There is currently a tremendous growth of commercial implementations of iris recognition, due in part to the fact that its concept patent1 recently expired in the US (2005) and in Europe and Asia (2006). A number of recent field tests carried out have shown how outstanding iris recognition can be in terms of accuracy and speed, but it is still rare for these systems to be able to tell whether or not the eye being scanned is alive. Here, we present two independent iris coding methods that perform this function: one based on the Zak-Gabor transformation, and the other on compact zero crossing. The first technique selects transformation coefficients automatically to make the system adaptive to images of varying quality, even those not compliant with ISO/IEC 19794-6 standard2 such as iris images taken with mobile phones. The second method is a compact version of the original zero-crossing algorithm, as proposed by Boles,3 and betters the original in terms of accuracy, speed, and template size. We also examine the spoof resistance of selected commercial iris-recognition devices and the potential of proposed anti-spoofing methods.
Amplified Spontaneous Emission of Poly(ladder‐type phenylene)s – The Influence of Photophysical Properties on ASE Thresholds (2008)

Abstract Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of a series of blue‐emitting poly(ladder‐type phenylene)s (LPPP)s has been studied in thin film polymer waveguide structures. The chemically well‐defined step‐ladder polymers consist of an increasing number of bridged phenylene rings per monomer unit starting from fully arylated poly(ladder‐type indenofluorene) up to poly(ladder‐type pentaphenylene). The ASE characteristics of the polymers including the onset threshold values for ASE, the gain and loss coefficients as well as the photoluminescence (PL) properties, i.e., the solid state fluorescence lifetimes, decay kinetics and solid state quantum efficiencies have been studied by time‐resolved PL spectroscopy. A fully arylated polyfluorene has been synthesized and its photophysical properties were compared to the step‐ladder polymers. Steady‐state photoinduced absorption and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy have been used to study excited state absorption of singlet and triplet states and polarons present in the solid state. The results demonstrate a minimum regarding the onset threshold value of ASE for a fully arylated poly(ladder‐type indenofluorene) and a successive increase of the ASE threshold for the step‐ladder polymers with more bridged phenylene rings. In particular, carbazole‐containing step‐ladder LPPPs exhibit significantly increased ASE threshold values as compared to their carbazole‐free analogues due to a pronounced overlap of stimulated emission (SE) and photoinduced absorption (PA).
Propylthiouracil induced ANCA-associated vasculitis in a 14-year-old girl (2015)

The use of PTU in the management of hyperthyroidism is not considered first-line treatment in Europe and is even less commonly used in children. Nevertheless, pediatricians should be aware of the possibility of PTU-induced AAV, especially in the presence of multiple ANCA reactivities. Therefore, the use of this drug should be weighed carefully in children.
Low Noise Figure Efficient Wavelength Exchange in an Optical Fibre (2006)

We show that wavelength exchange can theoretically provide 100% conversion efficiency, with 0 dB noise figure (NF). We have demonstrated 99% internal conversion efficiency with 0.06dB NF, and 90% external conversion efficiency, with 2.1dB NF.
Mechanism of Mediator Recruitment by Tandem Gcn4 Activation Domains and Three Gal11 Activator-Binding Domains (2010)

Targets of the tandem Gcn4 acidic activation domains in transcription preinitiation complexes were identified by site-specific cross-linking. The individual Gcn4 activation domains cross-link to three common targets, Gal11/Med15, Taf12, and Tra1, which are subunits of four conserved coactivator complexes, Mediator, SAGA, TFIID, and NuA4. The Gcn4 N-terminal activation domain also cross-links to the Mediator subunit Sin4/Med16. The contribution of the two Gcn4 activation domains to transcription was gene specific and varied from synergistic to less than additive. Gcn4-dependent genes had a requirement for Gal11 ranging from 10-fold dependence to complete Gal11 independence, while the Gcn4-Taf12 interaction did not significantly contribute to the expression of any gene studied. Complementary methods identified three conserved Gal11 activator-binding domains that bind each Gcn4 activation domain with micromolar affinity. These Gal11 activator-binding domains contribute additively to transcription activation and Mediator recruitment at Gcn4- and Gal11-dependent genes. Although we found that the conserved Gal11 KIX domain contributes to Gal11 function, we found no evidence of specific Gcn4-KIX interaction and conclude that the Gal11 KIX domain does not function by specific interaction with Gcn4. Our combined results show gene-specific coactivator requirements, a surprising redundancy in activator-target interactions, and an activator-coactivator interaction mediated by multiple low-affinity protein-protein interactions.
Polymerization of phenylacetylene catalysed by arene–group VIBtricarbonyls (1974)

ArM(CO)3(Ar = arene; M = Cr, Mo, W) catalyses the polymerization of alkynes to relatively high molecular weights, which proceeds through an intermediate which has been isolated and identified as a ladder compound composed of fused cyclobutane rings; the final product is the linear, polyconjugated poly-(acetylene).
Effect of Calcium Source on Structure and Properties of Sol–Gel Derived Bioactive Glasses (2012)

The aim was to determine the most effective calcium precursor for synthesis of sol-gel hybrids and for improving homogeneity of sol-gel bioactive glasses. Sol-gel derived bioactive calcium silicate glasses are one of the most promising materials for bone regeneration. Inorganic/organic hybrid materials, which are synthesized by incorporating a polymer into the sol-gel process, have also recently been produced to improve toughness. Calcium nitrate is conventionally used as the calcium source, but it has several disadvantages. Calcium nitrate causes inhomogeneity by forming calcium-rich regions, and it requires high temperature treatment (>400 °C) for calcium to be incorporated into the silicate network. Nitrates are also toxic and need to be burnt off. Calcium nitrate therefore cannot be used in the synthesis of hybrids as the highest temperature used in the process is typically 40-60 °C. Therefore, a different precursor is needed that can incorporate calcium into the silica network and enhance the homogeneity of the glasses at low (room) temperature. In this work, calcium methoxyethoxide (CME) was used to synthesize sol-gel bioactive glasses with a range of final processing temperatures from 60 to 800 °C. Comparison is made between the use of CME and calcium chloride and calcium nitrate. Using advanced probe techniques, the temperature at which Ca is incorporated into the network was identified for 70S30C (70 mol % SiO(2), 30 mol % CaO) for each of the calcium precursors. When CaCl(2) was used, the Ca did not seem to enter the network at any of the temperatures used. In contrast, Ca from CME entered the silica network at room temperature, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction, (29)Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and dissolution studies. CME should be used in preference to calcium salts for hybrid synthesis and may improve homogeneity of sol-gel glasses.
The Swine IFN System in Viral Infections: Major Advances and Translational Prospects (2022)

Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that play a pivotal role in orchestrating the innate immune response during viral infections, thus representing the first line of defense in the host. After binding to their respective receptors, they are able to elicit a plethora of biological activities, by initiating signaling cascades which lead to the transcription of genes involved in antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumoral effector mechanisms. In hindsight, it is not surprising that viruses have evolved multiple IFN escape strategies toward efficient replication in the host. Hence, in order to achieve insight into preventive and treatment strategies, it is essential to explore the mechanisms underlying the IFN response to viral infections and the constraints thereof. Accordingly, this review is focused on three RNA and three DNA viruses of major importance in the swine farming sector, aiming to provide essential data as to how the IFN system modulates the antiviral immune response, and is affected by diverse, virus-driven, immune escape mechanisms.
Immune activation by combination human lymphokine-activated killer and dendritic cell therapy (2011)

Clinical-grade LAKs/DCs represents a practical, effective combination cell immunotherapy for stimulation of both innate and adaptive anti-tumour immunity in cancer patients.
Solvation Effects in the Hydrodeoxygenation of Propanoic Acid over a Model Pd(211) Catalyst (2016)

The effects of liquid water and 1,4-dioxane on the hydrodeoxygenation of propionic acid over Pd(211) model surfaces have been studied from first principles. A microkinetic model with parameters obtained from density functional theory and implicit solvation models was developed to study the effects of these solvents on the reaction mechanism and kinetic parameters. In the presence of water, dehydrogenated derivatives of propionic acid and propionate are stabilized, and a new decarboxylation mechanism involving CH3CCOOH surface species is facilitated, leading to a higher decarboxylation rate. However, stronger adsorption of CO in the presence of liquid water resulted in fewer free sites and an overall lower turnover frequency. By contrast, in the presence of 1,4-dioxane, the most dominant decarboxylation pathway does not involve a dehydrogenated propionate species, but propionate goes through decarboxylation to form CO2 and C2 fragments very similar to the mechanism in the gas phase. Again, in the presence of 1,4-dioxane, CO adsorbs more strongly, and fewer free sites are available for catalysis, leading to a slightly smaller turnover frequency. In all reaction environments, we observed that the decarbonylation mechanism is slightly preferred over the decarboxylation mechanism and that C–OH bond cleavage is the most rate-controlling step followed by α-carbon dehydrogenation steps and (in liquid water) decarboxylation of dehydrogenated derivatives. Comparing solvent effects over Pd(211) with those over Pd(111), we observe that the free site coverage is reduced in the presence of solvents on all Pd surfaces, which reduces the activity of Pd(211). In addition, elementary steps that involve a carboxyl/carboxylate group changing its orientation from the surface to the liquid phase, such as the dehydrogenation of propionate, are significantly facilitated such that liquid water increased the activity of Pd(111).
Epigenetics of Aging and Aging-related Disease (2014)

Aging is associated with a wide range of human disorders, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Long thought to be an inexorable road toward decline and diseases, aging is in fact remarkably plastic. Such plasticity could be harnessed to approach age-related diseases from a novel perspective. Although many studies have focused on the genes that impact aging, the nongenetic regulation of aging is gaining increasing attention. Specifically, aging is associated with profound epigenetic changes, resulting in alterations of gene expression and disturbances in broad genome architecture and the epigenomic landscape. The potential reversibility of these epigenetic changes that occur as a hallmark of aging offers exciting opportunities to alter the trajectory of age-related diseases. This short review highlights key epigenetic players in the regulation of aging, as well as both future goals and challenges to the utilization of epigenetic strategies to delay and reverse the main diseases of aging.
Dual mode piezoelectric lithotripter for efficient breakup of urinary stones (2021)

The coalescence and dispersion of cavitation bubbles through Bjerknes forces created by supplemental low amplitude acoustic fields has been shown to greatly improve the efficiency of shockwave lithotripsy for breaking urinary stones. Unfortunately, the large size of extracorporeal lithotripters typically leaves little acoustic window for additional transducers to create these fields. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using a piezoelectric lithotripter transducer in a dual mode generating both shockwaves for stone comminution and low amplitude tone bursts for bubble coalescence and dispersion. A piezoelectric lithotripter head and driver unit (piezolith 3000) was provided by the manufacturer (Richard Wolf GmbH). A custom class-D driver circuit was constructed from very high voltage blocking IGBTs and wired in parallel with the manufacturer’s excitation circuit for shockwave generation. Acoustic output was measured with a fiber optic probe hydrophone at the focus in a tank of degassed water. The driver produced acceptable 200 kHz tone bursts of 5–100 cycles up to at least 1 MPa amplitude. Lithotripter power settings 1–3 could be safely used with the combined driver and were sufficient to break model begostones in vitro. Future studies will compare efficiency of stone comminution using the dual mode system.
Net-zero Microgrid Program Report: Microrred de la Montaña Feasibility Study (Executive Summary Extended) (2022)

This feasibility study provides the technical and economic rationale for the Microrred de la Montaña as a viable solution for supplying reliable and resilient electricity to an underserved region in Puerto Rico – a region that is the first to be disconnected from the grid and the last to be restored, enduring months long outages. It begins the process of the development of the microgrid through conceptual design, engineering, detailed electrical design, implementation, and operation. The Microrred de la Montaña is organized under the governance of the Cooperativa Hidroeléctrica de la Montaña (Cooperativa) which has legal status as a cooperative and power provider under the laws of Puerto Rico. The members are the municipalities of Adjuntas, Jayuya, Lares and Utuado with a combined population of 90,000. These municipalities are in central Puerto Rico – a mountainous region that is extremely vulnerable to weather events and excessive, long-duration power outages and are among the poorest and most disadvantaged regions in Puerto Rico. Funding from external sources is necessary to acquire the resources for a resilient power delivery system. Regulatory support is necessary to establish operational relationships with the incumbent power providers. The Microrred de la Montaña is envisioned as a resilient microgrid that manages distributed energy resources – local solar, storage, and hydroelectricity over an upgraded distribution network within the boundaries of four municipalities. This feasibility study provides the results of an extensive techno-economic analysis to form a sound basis for decision-making by community leaders, their constituents, funding and investment agencies, and regulators to realize the benefits that are achievable by fully implementing the design and planning recommended for the Microrred de la Montaña.
Structure-activity relationship for ETB agonism in truncated endothelin-1 analogs. (1992)

The essential part of the ETB-selective agonist N-acetyl-GluAlaValTyrPheAlaHisLeuAspIleIleTrp (N-Ac-4AlaET-1(10-21)) for ETB agonism was studied by single amino acid replacement. Single L-alanine substitutions at positions 14, 17, 20 and 21 and the corresponding D-amino acid substitutions at positions 14 and 16-21 resulted in remarkable decreases in ETB binding activity. Furthermore, these analogs elicited endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in parallel with ETB binding activity. These data indicate that the amino acid residues of Phe14, Leu17, Ile20 and Trp21 and the backbone structure at Phe14 and His16-Trp21 in ET-1 are important for ETB agonism.
A Multiple-Dose, Double-Blind Comparison of Intramuscularly and Orally Administered Ketorolac Tromethamine and Ketogan® in Patients with Pain following Orthopaedic Surgery (1994)

In this multiple-dose, double-blind study 100 patients with moderate, severe or very severe pain following orthopaedic surgery were randomly assigned to receive ketorolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with potent analgesic properties (10 mg), or the standard regimen of Ketogan (a combination product containing the narcotic analgesic, ketobemidone, plus a spasmolytic agent) by intramuscular injection every 1-6 h as needed for pain. When patients were able to tolerate an oral diet and were expected to respond to oral analgesic medication, based on overall pain sensitivity, they were switched to oral doses of the same medication every 4-6 h as needed. A maximum of four daily doses of medication was allowed for up to 10 days. The severity of pain was scored on a five-point scale and was recorded before the first intramuscular dose, at fixed time points thereafter for up to 6 h and at the end of each day. Both treatments were effective immediately after the first dose and during the subsequent multiple-dose phase. There were no statistically significant differences between ketorolac and Ketogan. The results show that 10-mg doses of ketorolac in intramuscular injections followed by 10-mg doses of oral ketorolac are as effective as Ketogan for the treatment of pain following orthopaedic surgery. Ketorolac appears to be better tolerated than Ketogan since significantly fewer patients reported adverse events (P = 0.004) when taking ketorolac.
Evaluation of Workflow Management Systems - A Meta Model Approach (1998)

The automated enactment of processes through the use of workflow management systems enables the outsouring of the control flow from application systems. By now a large number of systems, that follow different workflow paradigms, are available. This leads to the problem of selecting the appropriate workflow management system for a given situation. In this paper we outline the benefits of a meta model approach for the evaluation and comparison of different workflow management systems. After a general introduction on the topic of meta modeling the meta models of the workflow management systems WorkParty (Siemens Nixdorf) and FlowMark (IBM) are compared as an example. These productspecific meta models can be generalized to meta reference models, which helps to specify a workflow methodology. Exemplary, an organisational reference meta model is presented, which helps users in specifying their requirements for a workflow management system.
Hemiparetic Stroke Rehabilitation Using Avatar and Electrical Stimulation Based on Non-invasive Brain Computer Interface (2017)

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) have been employed in rehabilitation training for post-stroke patients. Patients in the chronic stage, and/or with severe paresis, are particularly challenging for conventional rehabilitation. We present results from two such patients who participated in BCI training with first-person avatar feedback. Five assessments were conducted to assess any behavioural changes after the intervention, including the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (UE-FMA) and 9 hole-peg test (9HPT). Patient 1 (P1) increased his UE-FMA score from 25 to 46 points after the intervention. He could not perform the 9HPT in the first session. After the 18th session, he was able to perform the 9HPT and reduced the time from 10 min 22 sec to 2 min 53 sec. Patient 2 (P2) increased her UE-FMA from 17 to 28 points after the intervention. She could not perform the 9HPT throughout the training session. However, she managed to complete the test in 17 min 17 sec during the post-assessment session. These results show that the feasibility of this BCI approach with chronic patients with severe paresis, and further support the growing consensus that these types of tools might develop into a new paradigm for rehabilitation tool for stroke patients. However, the results are from only two chronic stroke patients. This approach should be further validated in broader randomized controlled studies involving more patients.
A hybrid ASIC and FPGA architecture (2002)

Article Share on A hybrid ASIC and FPGA architecture Authors: Paul S. Zuchowski IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, Vermont IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, VermontView Profile , Christopher B. Reynolds IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, Vermont IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, VermontView Profile , Richard J. Grupp IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, Vermont IBM Microelectronics Division, Essex Junction, VermontView Profile , Shelly G. Davis Xilinx Corporation, San Jose, California, Xilinx Corporation, San Jose, California,View Profile , Brendan Cremen Xilinx Corporation, Dublin, Ireland Xilinx Corporation, Dublin, IrelandView Profile , Bill Troxel Xilinx Corporation, Boulder, Colorado Xilinx Corporation, Boulder, ColoradoView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICCAD '02: Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided designNovember 2002 Pages 187–194https://doi.org/10.1145/774572.774600Online:10 November 2002Publication History 40citation1,364DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads1,364Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access