gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biogenetic-type synthesis of the cyclohexyl constituents of the boll weevil pheromone (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiogenetic-type synthesis of the cyclohexyl constituents of the boll weevil pheromoneRobert H. Bedoukian and Joseph WolinskyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 15, 2154–2156Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00903a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00903a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Furan-3-carboxylic and 4-Methylene-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylic Esters by Direct Palladium Iodide Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of 3-Yne-1,2-diol Derivatives (2012)

A variety of 3-yne-1,2-diol derivatives 1, bearing a primary or secondary alcoholic group at C-1, have been efficiently converted into high value added furan-3-carboxylic esters 2 in one step by PdI(2)/KI-catalyzed direct oxidative carbonylation, carried out in alcoholic media under relatively mild conditions (100 °C under 40 atm of a 4/1 mixture of CO and air). Carbonylated furans 2 were obtained in fair to excellent isolated yields (56-93%) through a sequential 5-endo-dig heterocyclization-alkoxycarbonylation-dehydration process, using only oxygen as the external oxidant. Under similar conditions, 2-methyl-3-yne-1,2-diols 3, bearing a tertiary alcoholic group, afforded 4-methylene-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylates 4 in satisfactory yields (58-70%).
Imaging CO 2 Laser Radar A Comparison Of Three Techniques : LFM pulse Compression, FMCW, CW (1989)

This paper describes the breadboard of a coherent imaging infrared radar, which is based upon the use of a continuous wave CO<sub>2</sub> laser and can operate in three different modes invol-ving frequency modulation/demodulation processing techniques, i.e. Linear Frequency Modulation (or chirp) pulse compression, FMCW (triangular Frequency modulation) and CW (or offset homodyne). In each mode of operation, this laser radar delivers two dimensional images of a scene, coded in range and/or Doppler velocity, and/or reflectance. After recalling the basic principles of these techniques, one describes their experimental implementation and compares their performance.
High spatial resolution, dynamic, and distributed fiber optic strain sensing based on phasorial Brillouin dynamic gratings reflectometry (2016)

We present a novel fiber-optic sensing technique based on the distributed measurement of Brillouin-induced phase-shift in the reflection from Brillouin dynamic gratings in polarization-maintaining fibers. Subject to signal to noise considerations, the strain sensitivity of the phase-shift in the reflection of a pulsed probe, orthogonally polarized to the gratings-generating pumps, is independent of the pulse width, suggesting the potential to achieve higher spatial resolutions than those offered by slope-assisted, phasorial Brillouin sensing techniques in standard single-mode fibers. We report the measurement of 500Hz strain vibrations (at a sampling rate of 1MHz) with a spatial resolution of 20cm.
A Bidirectional Trust Model for Service Delegation in Social Internet of Things (2022)

As an emerging paradigm of service infrastructure, social internet of things (SIoT) applies the social networking aspects to the internet of things (IoT). Each object in SIoT can establish the social relationship without human intervention, which will enhance the efficiency of interaction among objects, thus boosting the service efficiency. The issue of trust is regarded as an important issue in the development of SIoT. It will influence the object to make decisions about the service delegation. In the current literature, the solutions for the trust issue are always unidirectional, that is, only consider the needs of the service requester to evaluate the trust of service providers. Moreover, the relationship between the service delegation and trust model is still ambiguous. In this paper, we present a bidirectional trust model and construct an explicit approach to address the issue of service delegation based on the trust model. We comprehensively consider the context of the SIoT services or tasks for enhancing the feasibility of our model. The subjective logic is used for trust quantification and we design two optimized operators for opinion convergence. Finally, the proposed trust model and trust-based service delegation method are validated through a series of numerical tests.
The predictive value of the Kidney Donor Profile Index on graft and patient survival is recipient age dependent (2013)

Hernandez, Roland Abel MD, JD; Malek, Sayeed K. MD, FACS; Finlayson, Samuel RG. MD, MPH, FACS; Milford, Edgar L. MD; Tullius, Stefan G. MD, PhD, FACS Author Information
The Relationship between Cardiovascular and Pain Regulatory Systems (1986)

An increasing amount of anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological evidence suggest that pain inhibitory circuitry is linked with cardiovascular regulatory systems in man and laboratory animals. Induction of hypertension in rats by different methods (mineralocorticoid treatment, stenosis of renal artery, or social deprivation) is associated with reduced responsiveness to noxious thermal stimuli (hot-plate) or to noxious mechanical stimuli (paw pressure). Genetically hypertension-prone rats derived from the SABRA strain and spontaneously hypertensive rats derived from Wistar/Kyoto strain also display a similar hypoalgesia. Acute increases in blood pressure are associated with reduced sensitivity to painful stimuli. Additionally, the interaction between blood pressure and pain perception has also been supported by the demonstration that various experimental interventions that diminish the magnitude of hypertension also attenuate the hypoalgesia. Recent clinical findings are also in agreement with the laboratory animal findings since sensory and pain thresholds have been shown to be significantly higher in unmedicated essential hypertensive subjects compared to normotensive controls. Thus, the human data corroborate animal data and suggest that a relation between blood pressure and pain sensitivity is likely to be a general phenomenon. It is unlikely that damage to peripheral pain fibers caused by a change in blood pressure contributes to the observed hypoalgesia. Naloxone, which has no effect on blood pressure, returns the pain sensitivity to normal levels. Behavioral tests (open field and motor activity cage) of normotensive and of renal and genetically (SBH and SHR) hypertensive rats exclude the possibility of a general motor deficit in hypertensive rats. Endogenous opioid peptides in central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in endocrine organs are implicated, although non-opioid mechanisms are also evident. Activation of baroreceptor afferents by acute or chronic increases in arterial or venous blood pressure may play an important role in the somatosensory responses associated with the increase in blood pressure. Coordinated cardiovascular-pain regulatory responses may be part of an adaptive mechanism that helps the body to face stressful events.
Photo-Excitable Membranes. Photoinduced Potential Changes across Poly(vinyl chloride)/Spirobenzopyran Membranes Doped with Valinomycin and Nonactin (1987)

Abstract Poly(vinyl chloride)/spirobenzopyran membranes doped with valinomycin or nonactin were prepared to study the photoresponse of the membrane potential in the presence of K+ or NH4+ ion. Ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation induced more than 100 mV of potential change across the membrane doped with valinomycin in the presence of 10−8–10−6 M KCl, whereas the potential change was extremely suppressed in the presence of higher KCl concentration (&amp;gt;10−3 M). The photoresponse of the membrane potential depended upon the direction from which the membrane was irradiated. The nonactin-doped membranes showed a similar tendency in photoresponse in the presence of NH4Cl to that observed for the valinomycin-doped membrane in the presence of KCl. The results were explained in terms of surface potential changes at the irradiated surface of the membrane, associated with the photochemical reaction of spirobenzopyran and the specific adsorption of cations to the surface of the membrane.
New insights into fetal mammary gland morphogenesis: differential effects of natural and environmental estrogens (2017)

An increased breast cancer risk during adulthood has been linked to estrogen exposure during fetal life. However, the impossibility of removing estrogens from the feto-maternal unit has hindered the testing of estrogen's direct effect on mammary gland organogenesis. To overcome this limitation, we developed an ex vivo culture method of the mammary gland where the direct action of estrogens can be tested during embryonic days (E)14 to 19. Mouse mammary buds dissected at E14 and cultured for 5 days showed that estrogens directly altered fetal mammary gland development. Exposure to 0.1 pM, 10 pM, and 1 nM 17 β-estradiol (E2) resulted in monotonic inhibition of mammary buds ductal growth. In contrast, Bisphenol-A (BPA) elicited a non-monotonic response. At environmentally relevant doses (1 nM), BPA significantly increased ductal growth, as previously observed in vivo, while 1 μM BPA significantly inhibited ductal growth. Ductal branching followed the same pattern. This effect of BPA was blocked by Fulvestrant, a full estrogen antagonist, while the effect of estradiol was not. This method may be used to study the hormonal regulation of mammary gland development, and to test newly synthesized chemicals that are released into the environment without proper assessment of their hormonal action on critical targets like the mammary gland.
Modeling of Seeded Semibatch Emulsion Polymerization of n-BA (2001)

A mathematical model for the computation of kinetics, branching frequency, sol molecular weight distribution, and gel fraction for the seeded semicontinuous emulsion polymerization of n-BA is presented. The model incorporates mechanistic features that have been found to play an important role in the polymerization of n-BA, such as the intramolecular transfer to polymer, so-called backbiting, and the low reactivity of the tertiary radicals resulting from such a reaction. Model parameters for which values are not available in the literature were obtained by fitting the model predictions to the kinetic data and structural properties of the polymer (fraction of gel, sol molecular weight distribution, and level of branches) gathered in seeded semicontinuous emulsion polymerizations of n-BA carried out at 75 °C with potassium persulfate as the initiator. The model fits all of these experimental data quite well.
Combination of Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization and Microautoradiography—a New Tool for Structure-Function Analyses in Microbial Ecology (1999)

A new microscopic method for simultaneously determining in situ the identities, activities, and specific substrate uptake profiles of individual bacterial cells within complex microbial communities was developed by combining fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) performed with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes and microautoradiography. This method was evaluated by using defined artificial mixtures of Escherichia coli and Herpetosiphon aurantiacus under aerobic incubation conditions with added [3H]glucose. Subsequently, we were able to demonstrate the potential of this method by visualizing the uptake of organic and inorganic radiolabeled substrates ([14C]acetate, [14C]butyrate, [14C]bicarbonate, and 33Pi) in probe-defined populations from complex activated sludge microbial communities by using aerobic incubation conditions and anaerobic incubation conditions (with and without nitrate). For both defined cell mixtures and activated sludge, the method proved to be useful for simultaneous identification and analysis of the uptake of labeled substrates under the different experimental conditions used. Optimal results were obtained when fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides were applied prior to the microautoradiographic developing procedure. For single-cell resolution of FISH and microautoradiographic signals within activated sludge flocs, cryosectioned sample material was examined with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The combination of in situ rRNA hybridization techniques, cryosectioning, microautoradiography, and confocal laser scanning microscopy provides a unique opportunity for obtaining cultivation-independent insights into the structure and function of bacterial communities.
Cavitation erosion of laser quenched Fe - Aluminum bronze (1981)

Samples of C62500 aluminum bronze were treated by a continuous wave CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser to rapidly melt and quench the surface. This processing transformed the surface layer from multiphase <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\beta' + \gamma_{2} +</tex> primary and secondary iron-rich δ to homogeneous, supersaturated single-phase <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\beta'</tex> solid solution. The cavitation erosion resistance of the laser quenched material far surpassed that of untreated C62500. The physically detrimental effect of the processing, i.e., roughening of the surface, appears to have been overridden by the positive microstructural changes in the surface layer.
Overview of Space Vector Modulations for Three-Phase Z-Source/Quasi-Z-Source Inverters (2013)

Three existing and one extended space vector modulations (SVMs) for the three-phase Z-source/quasi-Z-source inverter (ZSI/qZSI) are investigated. The different switching control patterns, the available maximum shoot-through duty ratio, the maximum voltage stress across the switch versus voltage gain, and efficiency are compared in detail. A total average switch device power taking into account the shoot-through current stress is proposed to evaluate the total stress of power switches. Simulation and experimental results of the prototyped qZSI verify the theoretical analysis. The six parts of shoot-through time intervals will reduce the inductor current ripples, and improve the qZSI efficiency. Also, the maximum voltage stress and total average switch power will benefit from the shoot-through division. However, the division method impacts these performances of qZSI.
Biomechanical Comparison of Standard Iliosacral Screw Fixation to Transsacral Locked Screw Fixation in a Type C Zone II Pelvic Fracture Model (2012)

Fixation of unstable zone II sacral fractures using the combination of an iliosacral screw and a locked transsacral screw resists deformation and withstands a greater force to failure as compared to fixation with 2 standard iliosacral screws. This locked transsacral construct may prove advantageous, especially when a percutaneous technique is used for a Type C zone II vertically oriented sacral fracture injury pattern, which can result in residual fracture site separation.
Measurements of a Waveguide Schottky-Barrier Miner at 690 GHz (1991)

First measurements of a waveguide mixer with a Schottky-barrier diode are presented, at a local oscillator frequency of 692 GHz. The pyramidal horn is integrated into the mixer-block, with field patterns in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Double-sidenband conversion loss anrd noise temperature are 7.5 dB anad 2400 K respectively at 300 K ambient, for mixer and optics combined.
Effets d’annonce et processus diagnostique (2014)

À partir d’observations réalisées dans le cadre d’un protocole de recherche auprès d’adolescents porteurs du syndrome de Klinefelter et de leurs familles, les auteurs s’interrogent sur l’impact de l’annonce diagnostique de cette anomalie du développement du sexe sur l’organisation psychosexuelle des sujets dépistés. Le potentiel traumatique de l’annonce diagnostique et les effets fantasmatiques qui l’accompagnent peuvent s’actualiser dans le tableau clinique des adolescents sous forme d’inhibition du fonctionnement psychique a fortiori quand l’anomalie, passée sous silence, n’a pu faire l’objet d’un travail d’élaboration psychique. Ce constat place la question de l’annonce diagnostique au coeur de la prise en charge et conduit les auteurs à formuler des propositions visant à favoriser l’intégration du diagnostic par les patients et leurs familles, de façon à en prévenir les effets délétères.
A new method for processing solar images to calculate the magnetic energies associated with active regions (2008)

In this paper, a new method is applied to calculate the magnetic energies of active regions and sunspots in satellites images. Digital images from the Solar & Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) satellite are used in this study. The magnetic energies are calculated using the Ising model, which has been modified for our application. The new algorithm is integrated with our existing ASAP system (Automate Solar Activity Prediction). Extensive testing was carried out and the promising results are obtained that will aid in enhancing the accuracy of our automated real-time solar prediction system are presented.
Supporting Collaborative Work by Learning Process Models and Patterns from Cases (2013)

Recent work shows an increasing interest of the Business Process Management (BPM) community in unstructured, socalled "human-centric" processes. Case Management (CM) is a new trend that focuses on the support of collaborative human-centric processes. Although CM provides concepts that support human-
It's not just gist! Recognition memory for scrambled scenes with limited attentional resources (2012)

The visual system can rapidly extract the ‘gist’ of complex visual scenes (Potter, 1975; Potter et al., 2010). Researchers argue that gist perception involves a global analysis of a scene’s spatial properties, such as its spatial layout, without necessarily encoding individual object details (Oliva & Torralba, 2001). Alternatively, we might analyze diagnostic objects in a scene (Stigliani et al., 2010; Quattoni & Torralba, 2009). We sought to determine if participants could extract more than the gist of a scene, even when attentional demands were high and scene information content was low. In Experiment 1, participants performed a demanding digit counting RSVP task at fixation while simultaneously categorizing a target scene presented briefly behind the fixation task (Cohen & Alvarez, 2011). Participants first reported the number of digits they observed and then reported the category that best matched the target scene. Participants were then asked to select the specific target scene among 5 same-category distractors. Surprisingly, participants correctly selected 50% of the specific target scenes among same-category distractors even when scenes were presented for 67 ms and were masked before and after with random colored blocks (chance performance was 16.7%). In Experiment 2, we scrambled scenes into 4x4, 7x7 or 10x10 blocks then shuffled them to create target scenes that had disrupted spatial layouts and minimal object information. Even when target scenes were scrambled into 10x10 blocks and presented for 67 ms, participants correctly identified the gist for 66% of the target scenes while performing the digit task. Critically, participants were also able to select the correct unscrambled version of the target scene among 5 same-category distractors 40% of the time. Together, these results suggest that participants are able to encode details beyond the gist of a scene even with limited attentional resources or when the scenes lack spatial layout or object information. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2012
CAESAR: SEWGS integration into an IGCC plant (2011)

This paper investigates the performance of SEWGS (Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift), an innovative reactor for CO2 capture, applied to Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC). Firstly, two IGCC reference cases based on dry feed slagging Shell gasifier, with and without CO2 capture, are defined. Then, two different integrations of SEWGS are investigated. The first assumes a conventional low-temperature acid gas removal process adopted upstream the SEWGS; this solution shows slight thermodynamic advantages towards the reference case with CO2 capture (higher efficiency of 1% point), but not from lay-out simplification and equipment savings. The second solution assumes a simultaneous CO2 and sulphur separation from the syngas; this results in a net electric efficiency gain over the reference case of about 2 percentage points. Moreover, this solution allows a significant plant simplification and equipment reduction with further advantages from economic point of view, which is not evaluated in this work. This activity is carried out under the FP7 project CAESAR financed by the EU community.
Copper Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
On Non-Detectability of Non-Computability and the Degree of Non-Computability of Solutions of Circuit and Wave Equations on Digital Computers (2022)

It is known that there exist mathematical problems of practical relevance which cannot be computed on a Turing machine. An important example is the calculation of the first derivative of continuously differentiable functions. This paper precisely classifies the non-computability of the first derivative, and of the maximum-norm of the first derivative in the Zheng-Weihrauch hierarchy. Based on this classification, the paper investigates whether it is possible that a Turing machine detects this non-computability of the first derivative by observing the data of the problem, and whether it is possible to detect upper bounds for the peak value of the first derivative of continuously differentiable functions. So from a practical point of view, the question is whether it is possible to implement an exit-flag functionality for observing non-computability of the first derivative. This paper even studies two different types of exit-flag functionality. A strong one, where the Turing machine always has to stop, and a weak one, where the Turing machine stops if and only if the input lies within the corresponding set of interest. It will be shown that non-computability of the first derivative is not detectable by a Turing machine for two concrete examples, namely for the problem of computing the input–output behavior of simple analog circuits and for solutions of the three-dimensional wave equation. In addition, it is shown that it is even impossible to detect an upper bound for the maximum norm of the first derivative. In particular, it is shown that all three problems are not even semidecidable. Finally, we briefly discuss implications of these results for analog and quantum computing.