gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
I/O Containers: Managing the Data Analytics and Visualization Pipelines of High End Codes (2013)

Lack of I/O scalability is known to cause measurable slowdowns for large-scale scientific applications running on high end machines. This is prompting researchers to devise 'I/O staging' methods in which outputs are processed via online analysis and visualization methods to support desired science outcomes. Organized as online workflows and carried out in I/O pipelines, these analysis components run concurrently with science simulations, often using a smaller set of nodes on the high end machine termed 'staging areas'. This paper presents a new approach to dealing with several challenges arising for such online analytics, including: how to efficiently run multiple analytics components on staging area resources providing them with the levels of end-to-end performance they need and how to manage staging resources when analytics actions change due to user or data-dependent behavior. Our approach designs and implements middleware constructs that delineate and manage I/O pipeline resources called 'I/O Containers'. Experimental evaluations of containers with realistic scientific applications demonstrate the feasibility and utility of the approach.
Optical communications downlink from a low-earth orbiting 15U CubeSat (2019)

In this article, we present the first demonstration of an optical communications downlink from a low-earth orbiting free-flying CubeSat. Two 1.5U vehicles, AC7-B&C, built under NASA's Optical Communications and Sensors Demonstration (OCSD) program were launched in November 2017 and subsequently placed into a 450-km, 51.6° inc. circular orbit. Pseudorandom data streams using on-off key (OOK) modulation were transmitted from AC-7B to a 40 cm aperture telescope located at sea level in El Segundo, CA. At 200 Mbps, without forward error correction (FEC), we achieved a 115-second link that was ~78% error free, with the remaining portion exhibiting an error rate below 1E-5. At the time of the engagement, the 1064-nm laser transmitter was operating at 2 W (half capacity) with a full width half maximum (FWHM) beam divergence of ~1 mrad, which was approximately double the anticipated pointing accuracy of the vehicle.
Experiences using adaptive concurrency in transactional memory with Lee's routing algorithm (2008)

Experience in profiling Lee's routing algorithm, a new complex TM application, showed that transactional applications may exhibit dynamic exploitable parallelism, i.e. the amount of useful parallelism available at any point in time varies during the execution of the application. Obviously, executing too many transactions at times when the available parallelism is low will lead to high contention and wasted computation in aborted transactions, and vice versa. Current Transactional Memory (TM) implementations do not account for this behavior.
From Proteomic Analysis to Clinical Significance (2003)

To better understand the mechanism underlying the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and to search potential markers for HCC prognosis, differential proteomic analysis on two well-established HCC cell strains with high and low metastatic potentials, MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L, was conducted using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) was identified and found to be overexpressed in MHCC97-H as compared with MHCC97-L. This result was further confirmed by two-dimensional Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay. Furthermore, one-dimensional Western blot analysis showed consistently increased CK19 expression in progressively more metastatic cells. Immunohistochemical study on 102 human HCC specimens revealed that more patients in the CK19-positive group had overt intrahepatic metastases (satellite nodules, p < 0.05; vascular tumor emboli, p < 0.001; tumor node metastatis staging, p < 0.001). CK19 fragment CYFRA 21-1 levels measured in sera from nude mice model of human HCC metastasis with radioimmunoassay increased in parallel with tumor progression and rose remarkably when pulmonary metastases occurred. The results demonstrated that overexpression of CK19 in HCC cells is related to metastatic behavior. Serum CK19 level might reflect the pathological progression in some HCC and may be a useful marker for predicting tumor metastasis and a therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC patients with metastases.
Re-emergence of chikungunya and o’nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships (2000)

Chikungunya (CHIK) virus is a member of the genus Alphavirus in the family TOGAVIRIDAE: Serologically, it is most closely related to o'nyong-nyong (ONN) virus and is a member of the Semliki Forest antigenic complex. CHIK virus is believed to be enzootic throughout much of Africa and historical evidence indicates that it spread to other parts of the world from this origin. Strains from Africa and Asia are reported to differ biologically, indicating that distinct lineages may exist. To examine the relatedness of CHIK and ONN viruses using genetic data, we conducted phylogenetic studies on isolates obtained throughout Africa and Southeast Asia. Analyses revealed that ONN virus is indeed distinct from CHIK viruses, and these viruses probably diverged thousands of years ago. Two distinct CHIK virus lineages were delineated, one containing all isolates from western Africa and the second comprising all southern and East African strains, as well as isolates from Asia. Phylogenetic trees corroborated historical evidence that CHIK virus originated in Africa and subsequently was introduced into Asia. Within the eastern Africa and southern Africa/Asia lineage, Asian strains grouped together in a genotype distinct from the African groups. These different geographical genotypes exhibit differences in their transmission cycles: in Asia, the virus appears to be maintained in an urban cycle with Aedes aegypti mosquito vectors, while CHIK virus transmission in Africa involves a sylvatic cycle, primarily with AE: furcifer and AE: africanus mosquitoes.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Zeolite Rho—A New Zeolite Related to Linde Type A (1973)

A new synthetic zeolite was prepared using the faujasite synthesis modified by substitution of CsOH for 10% of the NaOH. The typical product composition (dry basis) is 0.78Na2O·0.24Cs2O·Al2O3·5.8SiO2. The x-ray powder diagram (body-centered cubic, a0 = 15.02 A) suggested the hypothetical structure proposed earlier by Meier, containing type-A cages linked by joining eight-membered rings by oxygen bridges. Structure refinement on the calcined hydrogen form (a0 = 15.0 A) with an Im3m model gave R = 0.12 (unweighted, 93 reflections incorporated in 50 powder lines) and reasonable interatomic distances. A further significant drop to R = 0.077 was obtained with space group I-43m, but unreasonable (Si, Al)-O distances (1.50-1.72 A) were indicated. A distortion of this model to FdSc with a0 = 30.0 is proposed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Solid Polymer Electrolytes Based on Poly(7-oxanorbornenes) with Pendent Oligoethyleneoxy-Functionalized Cyclotriphosphazenes (2003)

The development of novel cyclotriphosphazene and oligoethyleneoxy-functionalized poly(7-oxanorbornenes) for possible use as solid polymer electrolytes in the electrolyte layer of rechargeable lithium batteries is described. The length of the oligoethyleneoxy group on the cyclotriphosphazene has been varied, and the effects on ion transport were studied. The synthesis of 5-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxymethyl]-7-oxanorbornene and 5-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxymethyl]norbornene, their polymerization through ring-opening metathesis polymerization, and the characterization of the polymers are also discussed to illustrate the effect of oxygen atoms in the polymer backbone and in the cyclotriphosphazene side groups on the thermal and ion transport properties of these materials.
Alcatel USA, Inc. v. Brown: Does Your Boss Own Your Brain?, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 295 (2003) (2003)

Critizing the Alcatel USA, Inc. v. Brown court’s holding that a company owned rights to a software idea that existed entirely in the thoughts of one of it’s former employee’s. Discusses how the court did not take into account that (1) the invention disclosure agreement it secured from the employer was unenforceable, (2) the Solution was not an “invention” as recognized by U.S. intellectual property law, and (3) the development of an automatic decompiler was not within the scope of the company’s business or employee’s work. Arguing while it is reasonable for an employer to require its employees to disclose to it any inventions they might develop while working at their jobs, no employer should be able to claim a total ownership interest in the thoughts of its employees, especially when those thoughts were based in substantial part on an employee’s prior knowledge and when the discovery at issue came as a flash of inspiration far removed from the workplace.
High Efficiency Minichannel and Mini-Impingement Cooling Systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Electronics (2012)

Over the years, electronic equipment, especially semiconductor based devices, have found their applications in almost all fields of research. The demand for more power and performance from such electronic equipment has constantly been growing resulting in an increased amount of heat dissipation from these devices. While conventional cooling solutions have performed the task of heat removal, no straightforward extension has been possible for significantly high heat fluxes dissipated by smaller and more efficient electronic devices. Thermal management of high-density power control unit for hybrid electric vehicle is one such challenging application. Over the last few years, the performance of this power control unit has been improved and size has been reduced to attain higher efficiency and performance causing the heat dissipation as well as heat density to increase significantly. Efforts are constantly being made to reduce the PCU size even further and also to reduce the manufacturing costs. As a consequence, heat density will go up (∼200–250 W/cm2) and thus, a better high performance cooler/heat exchanger is required which can operate under the existing cooling system design (pressure drop limitation) and at the same time, maintain active devices temperature within optimum range (&lt;120–125°C) for higher reliability. The focus of this paper is to discuss the development of various cooling options for high heat flux dissipating devices with severe size constraints. A parametric and optimization study on the selected designs was performed. Finally, the optimized cooler/heat exchanger was tested under actual running conditions. The methodology was to explore various high performance cooling options such as impinging jets, pin fins, and ribbed mini-channels and to arrive at new promising, conceptual designs. These new designs were then compared against similar conventional designs both numerically and experimentally. Additionally, conjugate heat transfer simulations were performed on partial packaging model to compare the various designs. Experiments were also performed to validate the simulation models and characterize the meshing parameters to perform cost and time effective calculations/simulations.
Hepatitis B virus mutation pattern rtL180M+A181C+M204V may contribute to entecavir resistance in clinical practice (2019)

Both clinical and experimental data support rtL180M+A181C+M204V as a novel non-classical ETV-resistance mutation pattern.
Link layer assisted mobile IP fast handoff method over wireless LAN networks (2002)

The growing popularity of IEEE 802.11 has made wireless LAN a potential candidate technology for providing high speed wireless access services. Also, by supporting Mobile IP, wireless LAN can meet demands for expanded wireless access coverage while maintaining continuous connectivity from one wireless LAN to another. In the Mobile IP procedure, mobile node movement can be detected from advertisements of foreign agents that differ from the previously received advertisement and the new "care-of" address is registered with the home agent. However, user packets are not forwarded to the new foreign agent until registration is completed and this interruption may degrade the quality of service especially in real-time applications such as audio and video or may lower the TCP throughput due to retransmission timeout. To tackle these issues, we propose a new low latency handoff method, where access points used in a wireless LAN environment and a dedicated MAC bridge are jointly used to alleviate packet loss without altering the Mobile IP specifications. In this paper, we present the design architecture of the proposed method and evaluate its performance in an actual network environment to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
Comprehensive evaluation of time‐to‐response parameter as a predictor of treatment failure following imatinib therapy in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: Which parameter at which time‐point does matter? (2010)

Early recognition of high-risk patient is important to improve long-term outcomes following imatinib therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Some controversy surrounds the question, which of short-term response parameters at which time-point, including complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) or major molecular response (MMR) at 6 or 12 months, is the best predictor for treatment outcomes. In this comprehensive analysis, we adopted landmark analysis method, time-dependent Cox's proportional hazard model, and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) method to analyze time-to-response parameter as predictor of long-term outcomes in 187 chronic phase (CP) CML patients. Regardless of the methods of analysis, earlier achievement of short-term response such as CCyR or MMR could predict the higher probability of achieving better interim outcome (such as treatment failure or loss of response [LOR]). Similar to the findings from other studies, our ROC analysis provided cutoff time points for MMR (18-36 months) and CCyR (6-12 months) that were the best predictors for LOR or treatment failure, which can be an indirect evidence supporting the ELN recommendation. The patient who achieves short-term response rapidly will have a lower risk of losing response or failing after imatinib therapy in CML patients.
Platelet Activation With Unfractionated Heparin at Therapeutic Concentrations and Comparisons With a Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and With a Direct Thrombin Inhibitor (1998)

Therapeutic concentrations of UFH are associated with platelet activation.
Erosion of Si- and Ti doped graphites due to deuterium irradiation (1996)

During irradiation of carbon materials with hydrogen ions hydrocarbon molecules are formed resulting in an enhancement of the erosion yield. At temperatures around 800 K hydrocarbon molecules are released in a thermal activated process, while at low temperatures and low ion energies physical sputtering of lightly bound hydrocarbon radicals enhances the erosion yield. Doping of carbon materials with B, Si and Ti results in a reduction of its chemical reactivity with hydrogen ions. While B reduces drastically the thermal activated process it does not alter the sputtering of hydrocarbons at low energies. For isotropic graphites doped with 10at% Si (LS10) and 10at% Ti(LT10) it is shown that preferential erosion of carbon leads to enrichment of the dopant at the surface. The thermal activated hydrocarbon emission is reduced already at low ion fluences for LS10 and LT10, while the low energy process is only reduced after high fluence irradiation and carbon surface depletion in the case of Ti doping. Depending on the microstructure of the material a very pronounced surface topography delevopes. Carbidic grains protect the underlying carbon material from erosion until a columnar structure evolves. Due to the high threshold for physical sputtering of Ti the total erosion yield for LT10 shows the predicted threshold behaviour for physical sputtering.
Task Allocation Algorithm for Energy Resources Providing Frequency Containment Reserves (2018)

The uncertainty caused by the variability in renewable energy production requires the engagement of consumer-side energy production and consumption to provide sufficient flexibility and reliability for the power grid. This study presents an algorithm for allocating tasks to distributed energy resources allowing consumers to provide flexibility for frequency containment reserves. The task allocation algorithm aims at supporting the plug and play of energy resources, and it avoids the need for hard real-time messages during the coordination of the resources. The algorithm combines a novel control strategy with an information and communication technology architecture. The main decision logic of the algorithm is defined together with the distributed control logic. A prototype implementation of the overall system for frequency control is used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm achieves the specified objectives, and has advantages compared to the state-of-the-art solution.
Pectin–zein based stigmasterol nanodispersions ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice (2021)

Due to the insolubility of phytosterols in both water and oil, their application in the medicine and health and food industries is limited. In this study, zein and pectin were selected as wall materials of phytosterol nanoparticles to enhance the solubility and bioactivity of phytosterols. The colitis-inhibitory effects of zein-based stigmasterol nanodispersions (ZNs) and zein/pectin-based stigmasterol nanodispersions (ZPNs) were investigated in the sodium dextran sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. The results showed that ZPNs' therapeutic effect was better than that of ZNs. According to electron microscopy observation, pectin adsorbed on the surface of zein appeared to form an elastic network structure, which increased the stability of stigmasterol nanodispersions. ZPNs not only relieved the adverse physiological symptoms of colitis in mice, but additionally prevented colonic length shortening and reduced fecal hemoglobin content. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that ZPNs could alleviate colitis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway involved in the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CSF-1 and coenzyme COX-2. This study suggests that supplement of nano-embedded stigmasterol based on zein and pectin has a positive therapeutic effect on alleviating colitis in mice. Such activities of nano-embedded stigmasterol in humans remain to be investigated.
Challenges of Aircraft Design Integration (2003)

The design of a modern airplane brings together many disciplines: structures, aerodynamics, controls, systems, propulsion with complex interdependencies and many variables. Recent aircraft programs, such as Bombardier's Continental Jet program use participants located around the world and selected for their cost, quality and delivery capability. These participants share the risk on the program and must therefore be fully implicated in the design. A big challenge is to provide information on current design configuration simultaneously to all disciplines and all participants in the appropriate format. Another challenge of multidisciplinary optimization is to bring together technologies and methodologies of various disciplines in a way that is both practical and inclusive of the expertise that must accompany these individual technologies. This paper discusses progress made to address these challenges, streamline the aircraft design process and implement multidisciplinary optimization in an effective manner. Initiatives include: implementation of the Bombardier Engineering System (BES) and of an MDO software environment (VADOR), linking of aerodynamic and structural design and analysis codes, validation of advanced wing design methods and calibration of viscous flow analysis and drag prediction methods.
Closed-Loop Adaptive High-Starting Torque Scalar Control Scheme for Induction Motor Variable Speed Drives (2022)

This article proposes a closed-loop (CL) high-starting torque (HST) scalar control scheme (SCS) for induction motors (IM). It endows the recently proposed HST-SCS with high-output torque capability beyond starting after using an outer speed control loop feeding an inner current control loop with adaptive controllers. Presenting a cascade normalized adaptive passivity-based controller (N-APBC) for nonlinear systems encompassing the IM allows obtaining this result. It extends the normalized adaptive controller for the cascade case. As a result, it keeps the HST-SCS simple control scheme without needing variable observers or parameter estimators and employing tuning information only from the motor nameplate and datasheet. Test bench experiments with a 10 HP motor validate the proposal’s effectiveness. Comparative experimental results show that the CL HST-SCS has a required stator phase voltage lower than HST-SCS. The CL HST-SCS applies the adaptive starting voltage curve for a more extended time than HST-SCS, from the start to 1.9 s versus 1.2 s, respectively. Hence, CL HST-SCS assures HST not only for starting but almost up to 600 rpm, resulting in a smoother transient behavior than HST-SCS under this speed.
Brønsted‐Acid‐Catalyzed Multicomponent One‐Pot Reaction: Efficient Synthesis of Polysubstituted 1,2‐Dihydropyridines (2017)

Abstract An efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2‐dihydropyridine derivatives from simple and readily available aromatic ketones, DMF, amines and propargylic alcohols has been developed via a Brønsted‐acid‐catalyzed multicomponent one‐pot reaction. This reaction proceeded smoothly under metal‐ and ligand‐free conditions in good yields, leading to functional organic molecules, via a self‐organized sequence.
A current-mode potentiostat for multi-target detection tested with different lactate biosensors (2012)

Real-time and multi-target detection by wireless implantable devices is of increasing interest for chronic patients. In this work, electrode sharing is proposed to minimize the size of the implantable device when several three-electrode-based sensing sites are needed. An integrated potentiostat and readout circuit for a multi-target biosensor is presented. To realize this, the circuit reads out the sensor current through each working electrode in a current-mode scheme. The maximum detectable current is 8 μA and the simulated input referred current noise of the circuit is 125 pA/√Hz at 1 Hz. The circuit was fabricated in 0.18 μm technology and tested for two lactate biosensors fabricated with a commercial lactate oxidase and an engineered one. Chronoamperometry experiments performed with the circuit agree well with a commercial equipment for lactate detection up to 1 mM.