gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
J. M. Kowal and A. H. Kassam. Agricultural Ecology of Savanna. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978. xi + 403 pp. Maps, tables, footnotes, list of organizations, references, author index, subject index. $42.00. (1980)

J. M. Kowal and A. H. Kassam. Agricultural Ecology of Savanna. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978. xi + 403 pp. Maps, tables, footnotes, list of organizations, references, author index, subject index. $42.00. - Volume 6
A Novel Two-Carbon Homologation with N-Vinylacetamides and Ethyl Vinyl Ether as Acetaldehyde Anion Equivalents in the Synthesis of 9H-Xanthene, 9H-Thioxanthene, and 9,10-Dihydro-9-acridine Carboxaldehydes (2003)

An efficient synthesis of 9H-xanthene-9-carboxaldehyde (3a), 9H-thioxanthene-9-carboxaldehyde (3b), and 9,10-dihydro-10-methyl-9-acridinecarboxaldehyde (3c) by a novel two-carbon homologation of xanthydrol (1a), thioxanthydrol (1b), and 9,10-dihydro-10-methyl-9-acridinol (1c), respectively, using N-vinylacetamides (2a,b) or ethyl vinyl ether (2c) as acetaldehyde anion equivalents, is described.
Two-dimensional substring indexing (2001)

As databases have expanded in scope to storing string data (XML documents, product catalogs), it has become increasingly important to search databases based on matching substrings, often on multiple, correlated dimensions. While string B-trees are I/O optimal in one dimension, no index structure with non-trivial query bounds is known for two-dimensional substring indexing.
Expression of Human Erythropoietin in Cultured Tobacco Cells (1993)

Journal Article Expression of Human Erythropoietin in Cultured Tobacco Cells Get access Shinya Matsumoto, Shinya Matsumoto Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Atsushi Ishii, Atsushi Ishii Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koji Ikura, Koji Ikura Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masatsugu Ueda, Masatsugu Ueda Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, JapanResearch Institute of Life Science, Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd., Tochigi 329–05, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ryuzo Sasaki Ryuzo Sasaki Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 57, Issue 8, 1 January 1993, Pages 1249–1252, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.1249 Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 14 December 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Aryldiazomethane Derivatives as Reagents for Site Specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids at Phosphate (2003)

An efficient and direct labeling method based on direct alkylation of nucleic acids at phosphates by aryldiazomethane derivatives is described.
Towards Learning a Generic Agent for Vision-and-Language Navigation via Pre-training (2020)

Learning to navigate in a visual environment following natural-language instructions is a challenging task, because the multimodal inputs to the agent are highly variable, and the training data on a new task is often limited. In this paper, we present the first pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm for vision-and-language navigation (VLN) tasks. By training on a large amount of image-text-action triplets in a self-supervised learning manner, the pre-trained model provides generic representations of visual environments and language instructions. It can be easily used as a drop-in for existing VLN frameworks, leading to the proposed agent called Prevalent. It learns more effectively in new tasks and generalizes better in a previously unseen environment. The performance is validated on three VLN tasks. On the Room-to-Room benchmark, our model improves the state-of-the-art from 47% to 51% on success rate weighted by path length. Further, the learned representation is transferable to other VLN tasks. On two recent tasks, vision-and-dialog navigation and "Help, Anna!" the proposed Prevalent leads to significant improvement over existing methods, achieving a new state of the art.
NUMERICAL AND PHYSICAL MODELLING OF SHIP CAPSIZE IN HEAVY SEAS: STATE OF THE ART. (1997)

During the 21st ITTC, the Executive Committee approved the setting up of a ten-member Specialist Committee on Ship Stability. The main tasks recommended are to examine the techniques for carrying out model tests to investigate the capsize of intact and damaged vessels and provide guidelines for such tests, and to assess the methods available for numerical simulations of capsize of intact and damaged vessels.
The World According to Wavelets: The Story of a Mathematical Technique in the Making, Second Edition (1998)

This best-selling book introduces a broad audience including scientists and engineers working in a variety of fields as well as mathematicians from other subspecialties to one of the most active new areas of applied mathematics and the story of its discovery and development. Organized in hypertext fashion, the book tells a story of scientific dis
Investigation of multimodal template-free biometric techniques and associated exception handling (2015)

The Biometric systems are commonly used as a fundamental tool by both government and private sector organizations to allow restricted access to sensitive areas, to identify the criminals by the police and to authenticate the identification of individuals requesting to access to certain personal and confidential services. The applications of these identification tools have created issues of security and privacy relating to personal, commercial and government identities. Over the last decade, reports of increasing insecurity to the personal data of users in the public and commercial domain applications has prompted the development of more robust and sound measures to protect the personal data of users from being stolen and spoofing. The present study aimed to introduce the scheme for integrating direct and indirect biometric key generation schemes with the application of Shamir‘s secret sharing algorithm in order to address the two disadvantages: revocability of the biometric key and the exception handling of biometric modality. This study used two different approaches for key generation using Shamir‘s secret sharing scheme: template based approach for indirect key generation and template-free. The findings of this study demonstrated that the encryption key generated by the proposed system was not required to be stored in the database which prevented the attack on the privacy of the data of the individuals from the hackers. Interestingly, the proposed system was also able to generate multiple encryption keys with varying lengths. Furthermore, the results of this study also offered the flexibility of providing the multiple keys for different applications for each user. The results from this study, consequently, showed the considerable potential and prospect of the proposed scheme to generate encryption keys directly and indirectly from the biometric samples, which could enhance its success in biometric security field.
Examination of a Rotorcraft Noise Prediction Method and Comparison to Flight Test Data (2017)

With a view that rotorcraft noise should be included in the preliminary design process, a relatively fast noise prediction method is examined in this paper. A comprehensive rotorcraft analysis is combined with a noise prediction method to compute several noise metrics of interest. These predictions are compared to flight test data. Results show that inclusion of only the main rotor noise will produce results that severely underpredict integrated metrics of interest. Inclusion of the tail rotor frequency content is essential for accurately predicting these integrated noise metrics.
Identification and characterization of Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 1, 2 and 3 in common bean cultivars of East Africa (2023)

Persistent viruses include members of the family Endornavirus that cause no apparent disease and are transmitted exclusively via seed or pollen. It is speculated that these RNA viruses may be mutualists that enhance plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Using reverse transcription coupled polymerase chain reactions, we investigated if common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties popular in east Africa were hosts for Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus (PvEV) 1, 2 or 3. Out of 26 bean varieties examined, four were infected with PvEV1, three were infected with both PvEV1 and PvEV2 and three had infections of all three (PvEV) 1, 2 and 3. Notably, this was the first identification of PvEV3 in common bean from Africa. Using high-throughput sequencing of two east African bean varieties (KK022 and KK072), we confirmed the presence of these viruses and generated their genomes. Intra- and inter-species sequence comparisons of these genomes with comparator sequences from GenBank revealed clear species demarcation. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on sequences generated from the helicase domains showed that geographical distribution does not correlate to genetic relatedness or the occurrence of endornaviruses. These findings are an important first step towards future investigations to determine if these viruses engender positive effects in common bean, a vital crop in east Africa.
Transcriptomic signatures across human tissues identify functional rare genetic variation (2020)

Rare genetic variants are abundant across the human genome, and identifying their function and phenotypic impact is a major challenge. Measuring aberrant gene expression has aided in identifying functional, large-effect rare variants (RVs). Here, we expanded detection of genetically driven transcriptome abnormalities by analyzing gene expression, allele-specific expression, and alternative splicing from multitissue RNA-sequencing data, and demonstrate that each signal informs unique classes of RVs. We developed Watershed, a probabilistic model that integrates multiple genomic and transcriptomic signals to predict variant function, validated these predictions in additional cohorts and through experimental assays, and used them to assess RVs in the UK Biobank, the Million Veterans Program, and the Jackson Heart Study. Our results link thousands of RVs to diverse molecular effects and provide evidence to associate RVs affecting the transcriptome with human traits.
Application of edible nanolaminate coatings with antimicrobial extract of Flourensia cernua to extend the shelf-life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit (2018)

Edible coatings have potential to reduce postharvest losses of fruit such as tomato. In this study, the effects of nanolaminate coatings incorporated with extracts of Flourensia cernua, an endemic plant of the arid and semiarid regions of Mexico, has been investigated. Ethanol extracts of F. cernua (FcE) were prepared and incorporated into polyelectrolyte solutions of alginate and chitosan. The nanolaminates were characterized by determining the zeta potential, contact angle and water vapor and oxygen permeabilities. Shelf-life analyses (20 C for 15 d) were carried out with uncoated fruit (UCF), nanolaminate coating (NL) and nanolaminate coating with FcE (NL + FcE). Physicochemical analyses, gas exchange rates of O 2 and CO 2 and ethylene production, as well as microbiological analyses of treated fruit were measured. Zeta potential and contact angle measurements confirmed the successful assembly of successive nanolayers of alginate and chitosan, as well as those with F. cernua. The nanolaminate coatings resulted in decreased permeabilities to water and O 2 . The best treatment of NL + FcE, extended the shelf-life of fruit by reducing weight loss and microbial growth, reducing gas exchange and ethylene production, and maintaining firmness and color. The NL + FcE treatment are an alternative to extend the shelf-life of tomato fruit.
Site‐Specific Synthesis of β‐Fluorinated γ‐Butyrolactams via Decarboxylative Fluorination of β‐Carboxyl‐γ‐Butyrolactams (2019)

Monofluorinated cyclic nitrogen‐containing compounds are synthetically useful scaffolds in organic synthesis and medicinal applications. In this report, AgNO 3 mediated decarboxylative fluorination of β‐carboxyl‐γ‐butyrolactams using Selectfluor® as a fluorine source was described to achieve a site‐specific synthesis of β‐fluorinated γ‐butyrolactams.
Changes in Semen Quality in Estonian Holstein AI Bulls at 3, 5 and 7 years of Age (2006)

The predictability of semen quality of mature sires from measurements at an early age is not well established. The aim of the present study was to determine age-dependent changes in the quality of bull semen from six Estonian Holstein (EHF) bulls, processed when the sires were 3, 5 and 7 years old. Fertility data such as 60-day non-return to oestrus rates (60d-NRRs) were available for 3-year-old bulls. From each batch, semen straws were analysed immediately after thawing [i.e. post-thaw (PT)] (controls) and after a swim-up (SU) procedure. The analyses comprised subjective and computerized measurements of sperm motility using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) as well as estimations of sperm concentration, morphology and membrane integrity. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the percentage of sperm motility (SU), membrane integrity (PT, SU) and normal tail and acrosome morphology (SU) with an increase in the age of the sires. The percentage of total motile spermatozoa PT measured by CASA correlated between 3- and 7-, and between 5- and 7-year-old bulls (p < 0.05). In addition, the proportion of head abnormalities tended to correlate between all three age groups both PT and after SU (p < 0.1). The sperm parameters correlating with fertility were average path velocity (VAP) (p < 0.001), total motility as measured by CASA (p < 0.01), linearly motile spermatozoa (p < 0.05) and CASA-assessed numbers of motile spermatozoa (p < 0.05), all after SU selection. The results showed that overall semen quality examined at 3 years of age is related to the semen parameters later in bulls' life. Moreover, CASA-assessed motility after SU seems to be a reliable marker for semen quality assessment as it shows correlation not only between the ages, but also to field fertility.
Reply to “Comments on ‘Approach to the Multiple-Surface-Reflection Problem in a Linear-Gradient Medium’” [D. T. Raphael, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 49, 1680–1681(L) (1971)] (1972)

The remarks made by L. A. Stallworth concerning a letter by D. T. Raphael [J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 49, 1680–1681 (L) (1971)] have no bearing on the controversy dealing with the approach to the multiple-surface-reflection problem in a linear-gradient medium. The example that Stallworth cites is for an isospeed medium involving no refraction correction.
Highly reliable and low-cost plastic modules of spot size converter integrated laser diodes for access network systems (1997)

Highly reliable and low-cost plastic laser modules are demonstrated for the first time. They employ hybrid integration of spot-size converter integrated laser diodes on a planar lightwave circuit platform. The lasers lase at 150°C and operate stably for 2000 hours at 85°C and 10mW. The modules show no degradation under a storage test for over 5000 hours in an 85°C and 85%RH atmosphere and no failure for over 2000 cycles under temperature variation (-40°C/85°C).
Progesterone regulates HLA-G gene expression through a novel progesterone response element (2006)

The effect of progesterone on HLA-G gene expression is through progesterone receptor (PR) activation, followed by binding to a novel PRE in the HLA-G promoter region. Therefore, one of the mechanisms of immunomodulation by progesterone during pregnancy may be through the regulation of HLA-G gene expression via this novel PRE.
Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification (2012)

A decade ago celiac disease was considered extremely rare outside Europe and, therefore, was almost completely ignored by health care professionals. In only 10 years, key milestones have moved celiac disease from obscurity into the popular spotlight worldwide. Now we are observing another interesting phenomenon that is generating great confusion among health care professionals. The number of individuals embracing a gluten-free diet (GFD) appears much higher than the projected number of celiac disease patients, fueling a global market of gluten-free products approaching $2.5 billion (US) in global sales in 2010. This trend is supported by the notion that, along with celiac disease, other conditions related to the ingestion of gluten have emerged as health care concerns. This review will summarize our current knowledge about the three main forms of gluten reactions: allergic (wheat allergy), autoimmune (celiac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis and gluten ataxia) and possibly immune-mediated (gluten sensitivity), and also outline pathogenic, clinical and epidemiological differences and propose new nomenclature and classifications.
Coexistence of both gyroid chiralities in individual butterfly wing scales of Callophrys rubi (2015)

The wing scales of the Green Hairstreak butterfly Callophrys rubi consist of crystalline domains with sizes of a few micrometers, which exhibit a congenitally handed porous chitin microstructure identified as the chiral triply periodic single-gyroid structure. Here, the chirality and crystallographic texture of these domains are investigated by means of electron tomography. The tomograms unambiguously reveal the coexistence of the two enantiomeric forms of opposite handedness: the left- and right-handed gyroids. These two enantiomers appear with nonequal probabilities, implying that molecularly chiral constituents of the biological formation process presumably invoke a chiral symmetry break, resulting in a preferred enantiomeric form of the gyroid structure. Assuming validity of the formation model proposed by Ghiradella H (1989) J Morphol 202(1):69-88 and Saranathan V, et al. (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(26):11676-11681, where the two enantiomeric labyrinthine domains of the gyroid are connected to the extracellular and intra-SER spaces, our findings imply that the structural chirality of the single gyroid is, however, not caused by the molecular chirality of chitin. Furthermore, the wing scales are found to be highly textured, with a substantial fraction of domains exhibiting the <001> directions of the gyroid crystal aligned parallel to the scale surface normal. Both findings are needed to completely understand the photonic purpose of the single gyroid in gyroid-forming butterflies. More importantly, they show the level of control that morphogenesis exerts over secondary features of biological nanostructures, such as chirality or crystallographic texture, providing inspiration for biomimetic replication strategies for synthetic self-assembly mechanisms.
Stress-dependent magnetoimpedance in Co-based amorphous wires and application to tunable microwave composites (2005)

A novel aspect of the magnetoimpedance (MI) in wires that is of current, research interest arises out of unique electromagnetic properties of the composite materials, the dielectric matrix of which is filled with ferromagnetic wires. It has been demonstrated that the microwave effective permittivity of composite materials containing Co-based amorphous wires has a strong dependence on wire magnetic structure which can be changed by the external magnetic field or stress. To avoid the use of the dc bias field, a special anisotropy, namely nearly axial for /spl lambda/ < 0, is required. Such a "reverse" anisotropy seems to be quite unusual; however, as it was reported recently it could be established by special annealing treatments. In this paper, the nearly axial anisotropy in CoMnSiB glass-coated wires with the metallic core diameter d of 10 microns was induced during annealing a wire mounted on a bobbin (170 /spl deg/C for 20 min). We have demonstrated that the applied tensile stress produces remarkable-transformations in the dc magnetization loops and huge changes in the impedance including GHz frequency range with the MI ratio running into more than 100% for 600 MPa at 0.5-1.5 GHz.
Stoma care: a practical approach (1992)

There are about 100,000 people in the UK with a stoma. This and the following unit of learning emphasise the role nurses can play, together with stoma care nurses, in offering sensitive practical and emotional care to these individuals. This unit is relevant to the UKCC professional development category of care enhancement. For some nurses studying this unit, depending on their clinical role, the category patient, family, client and colleague support may be more pertinent
Approches variationnelles pour le traitement numérique de la géométrie (2009)

This habilitation thesis presents a series of contributions in the field of digital geometry processing. These contributions offer concepts and algorithms for surface reconstruction, surface approximation, quadrangle surface tiling and isotropic tetrahedron mesh generation. The narrative aims at highlighting the common feature shared among our contributions: we adopt a variational methodology throughout this document, in the sense that we tackle each digital geometric problem by casting it as an energy minimization so that low levels of these energies correspond to good solutions of the problem. The main motivation behind such formulations is a significantly increased quality and robustness, sometimes at the price of heavier computations than greedy algorithms. The data structures and concepts involved in our work lie between computational geometry, geometric computing, and numerical computing. A general summary also provides a vision of the many remaining challenges in the field.
Evaluation of maximum ratio combining in route diversity transmission and application to hitless optical path switching in field installed fibre (2015)

Hitless optical path switching using maximum ratio combining in route diversity transmission is successfully achieved under the condition of a field environment even if there are large polarization mode dispersion and fibre nonlinearities.
Evaluation of Ozone Disinfection Systems: Characteristic Time T (1992)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently promulgated drinking‐water regulations, known as the surface water treatment rule (SWTR), to control viruses, Giardia cysts, Legionella, and heterotrophic bacteria. The SWTR specifies overall minimum removal/inactivation efficiencies by filtration and disinfection for Giardia lamblia and viruses and uses the CT concept to predict in‐activation efficiencies. CT stands for the product of characteristic exposure time (T) and the characteristic concentration (C) in the disinfection chamber. This paper evaluates possible methods to determine the characteristic exposure time for ozone disinfection. The extent to which different measures of T (such as the hydraulic retention time, T10 and T50) actually ensure compliance with the required level of inactivation is evaluated by using segregated flow analysis and classical residence time distribution models. The analysis indicates that T10, the minimum exposure time of 90% of the water in the disinfection unit, is a good measure to estimate disinfection performance in most cases. T50 does not guarantee compliance with the SWTR in most cases.