gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol Encapsulation and Release from Pristine and Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Carriers (2022)

Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has attracted significant attention due to its antioxidant, cardioprotective and anticancer potential. However, its low aqueous solubility limits resveratrol bioavailability and use. In this work, different mesoporous silica matrices were used to encapsulate the polyphenol and to increase its dissolution rate. Pristine MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-15, SBA-16, FDU-12 and MCF silica were obtained. The influence of SBA-15 functionalized with aminopropyl, isocyanate, phenyl, mercaptopropyl, and propionic acid moieties on resveratrol loading and release profiles was also assessed. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated for mesoporous carriers and resveratrol-loaded samples against human lung cancer (A549), breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell lines. The effect on apoptosis and cell cycle were assayed for selected resveratrol-loaded carriers. The polyphenol molecules are encapsulated only inside the mesopores, mostly in amorphous state. All materials containing either pristine or functionalized silica carriers increased polyphenol dissolution rate. The influence of the physico-chemical properties of the mesoporous carriers and resveratrol-loaded supports on the kinetic parameters was identified. Resv@SBA-15-SH and Resv@SBA-15-NCO samples exhibited the highest anticancer effect against A549 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> values were 26.06 and 36.5 µg/mL, respectively) and against MDA-MB-231 (IC<sub>50</sub> values were 35.56 and 19.30 µg/mL, respectively), which highlights their potential use against cancer.
Appropriate maturation and folding of 16S rRNA during 30S subunit biogenesis are critical for translational fidelity (2010)

Ribosomal protein S5 is critical for small ribosomal subunit (SSU) assembly and is indispensable for SSU function. Previously, we identified a point mutation in S5, (G28D) that alters both SSU formation and translational fidelity in vivo, which is unprecedented for other characterized S5 mutations. Surprisingly, additional copies of an extraribosomal assembly factor, RimJ, rescued all the phenotypes associated with S5(G28D), including fidelity defects, suggesting that the effect of RimJ on rescuing the miscoding of S5(G28D) is indirect. To understand the underlying mechanism, we focused on the biogenesis cascade and observed defects in processing of precursor 16S (p16S) rRNA in the S5(G28D) strain, which were rescued by RimJ. Analyses of p16S rRNA-containing ribosomes from other strains further supported a correspondence between the extent of 5(') end maturation of 16S rRNA and translational miscoding. Chemical probing of mutant ribosomes with additional leader sequences at the 5(') end of 16S rRNA compared to WT ribosomes revealed structural differences in the region of helix 1. Thus, the presence of additional nucleotides at the 5(') end of 16S rRNA could alter fidelity by changing the architecture of 16S rRNA in translating ribosomes and suggests that fidelity is governed by accuracy and completeness of the SSU biogenesis cascade.
Development and Testing of a High-Gain Magnetic Flux Compression Generator (2006)

The performance of a high-gain FCG is often limited by internal electrical breakdown caused by the high voltage generated during operation. Modern diagnostic techniques provide the opportunity to diagnose internal breakdowns so that generator designs can be improved. This paper describes the internal breakdowns observed in the JAKE FCG developed at the AFRL during the late 1990's. A revision to the stator winding pattern of the JAKE generator has led to improved control of the internal voltage. Designated JILL, the revised generator has substantially better flux transport efficiency, particularly at higher seed current. The techniques employed to design the new stator winding and the results of development testing are presented.
Genetic Divergence for the Morpho-agronomic Traits in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats Derived from Triticum turgidum [(AABB) X T. tauschii (DD)] (2002)

Forty-two synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) accessions were studied for their genetic divergence for a set of 10 morpho-agronomic characters using Mahalanobis D2-statistic. The genotypes were grouped into three clusters with variable number of accessions. On the basis of the data on genetic divergence and cluster means, it is predicted that cluster III and cluster I were important for between cluster and cluster II was important for within cluster improvement. Therefore, this information may be useful to the breeders involved in wheat improvement by using these genotypes in multiple breeding programmes to recover transgressive segregants with desirable combinations of yield components.
On the stochastic nature of resistive switching in metal oxide RRAM: Physical modeling, monte carlo simulation, and experimental characterization (2011)

The origin of switching parameter variations in metal oxide resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) is studied. The stochastic formation/rupture of the conductive filaments (CFs) is modeled and incorporated with a trap-assisted-tunneling (TAT) current solver. The experimental DC I–V characteristics and pulse transient waveform featuring the current fluctuation during the reset process are reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that the wide spread of high resistance states (HRS) are due to the variation of tunneling gap distances, and the tail bits of the HRS are due to the newly generated traps near the electrode at the end of the reset process. To solve the over-reset and tail bits problems, a device structure with active/buffer bi-layer oxides combined with the reset-verify technique is proposed. Our model is corroborated by measured experimental data of HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> based RRAM.
Design of Synchronous Motor with High-temperature Superconductive Field Windings for Marine Propulsion Applications (2013)

Abstract High-temperature superconductive technology is currently under development and is attracting the attention of researchers. As a result, high temperature superconductive tapes have found their way to the electrical machines industry all around the world. First-generation high-temperature superconductive motors were introduced in the past decade. In high-temperature superconductive motors, conventional copper windings are mainly replaced by superconductive tapes, and a cryogenic system is added to decrease the temperature until the superconducting state can be achieved. Their significant capabilities, such as their high efficiency, persuade engineers to replace conventional motors with the new high-temperature superconductive ones. Their expense is the main barrier to their commercial penetrations; therefore their usage is limited to exclusive applications, such as marine applications. In this article, a marine propulsion synchronous motor with high-temperature superconductive field windings was designed initially; an appropriate high-temperature superconductive power supply and cooling structure were then also designed. A marine propulsion motor should be assimilated with real marine conditions, so size and AC supply limitation are the given examples, with the above-mentioned points also considered for the designed model motor.
MO‐SAMS‐AUD‐02: Frequencies, Tolerance Limits, and Action Levels for IMRT QA (2007)

Each intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) field includes many small, irregular, and asymmetric fields that completely obscure the relationship between monitor unit (MU) setting and radiation dose. Uncertainty and inaccuracy of dose delivery with IMRT is primarily attributed to the leaf positioning accuracy, modeling of radiation output for small field sizes, modeling of beam penumbra, and the dose outside the IMRT field. Dose‐difference distribution, distance‐to‐agreement (DTA), and a numerical gamma index are often used to evaluate the quality of agreement between measured and calculated dose distributions for the IMRT fields. The tolerance limits based on these indices for IMRT QA are often not adequate because all these methodologies do not account for space‐specific dose uncertainty information. In other words, single tolerance criterion is applied to all test points even when dose uncertainty is significantly different from point to point. At any given point, the dose uncertainty depends on different levels of dose and gradients from multiple small beams rather than that of the overall dose profile. Therefore, new methodologies are needed that determine dose uncertainties based on the dose level and gradient information of each small field. In IMRT, it is sometimes difficult to have agreement between calculation and measurement of dose at all points in a 3‐D dose distribution. A disagreement at a few points does not necessarily lead to negative overall result if other comparable points are well within the established tolerance limits. We will describe a new approach in establishing tolerance limits and action levels for IMRT QA that will ensure delivery of prescribed radiation dose within an acceptable limit of 5%. Educational Objectives: 1. To describe the uncertainties in IMRT planning and delivery. 2. To describe the impact of spatial and dosimetric uncertainties on the IMRT dose distribution. 3. To describe the limitations of current methodologies of establishing tolerance limits for IMRT QA. 4. To describe new methodologies for establishing tolerance limits for IMRT QA.
Delay Locked Loop with Linear Delay Element (2006)

Delay locked loops (DLLs) and phase locked loops (PLLs) are used in synchronous digital systems in order to improve timings, i.e. to minimize negative effects of skew and jitter in the clock distribution network. In this paper, we propose an efficient DLL architecture implemented with linear delay element. Linearization is achieved by modifying the classical hardware structures of the bias and charge pump circuits (Y. Moon et al., 2000). Namely, in our proposal both circuits, instead of single ended use differential input/output structure. This allows us to realize process independent and temperature compensated DLL circuit. Simulation results, that relate to models of 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS double-poly double-metal technology, show that the proposed DLL has linear delay regulation and stable lock-in for supply voltage, temperature, and parameter's technology process variations, in the full range of regulation.
Understanding Apple's Back to My Mac (BTMM) Service (2011)

This document describes the implementation of Apple Inc.'s Back to My Mac (BTMM) service.BTMM provides network connectivity between devices so that a user can perform file sharing and screen sharing among multiple computers at home, at work, or on the road.The implementation of BTMM addresses the issues of single sign-on authentication, secure data communication, service discovery, and end-to-end connectivity in the face of Network Address Translators (NATs) and mobility of devices.
Fast-response polyimide/multiwall carbon nanotube composite films for monitoring humidity in microelectronic packages (2010)

In the present study, fast response resistive-type PI/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite films were demonstrated. A composite film with a loading of 3 wt% MWNTs (PIC30) possesses a very linear response nature, a linearity correlation (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of 0.99157 and a sensitivity of 0.00146/%RH. The response time were less than five seconds and the resistance changed synchronously with different humidities. The recoverable and repeatable resistive responses affirmed the high efficiency of this film for fast humidity detection. A negative temperature effect was found and proper temperature compensation should be considered in the future applications. The surfaces of the films were found as an organized structure with nano-size dimples, which is helpful for absorption of water molecules. The proposed sensing mechanisms are discussed and it related with tunnel effects, doping of MWNTs by water and a barrier effect between MWNTs.
Does the bulk disorder in the superconductor affect proximity-induced topological superconductivity? (2015)

We investigate effects of ordinary nonmagnetic disorder in the bulk of a superconductor on magnetic adatom-induced Shiba states and on the proximity-induced superconductivity in a nanowire that is tunnel coupled to the bulk superconductor. Within the formalism of self-consistent Born approximation, we show that, contrary to widespread belief, the proximity-induced topological superconductivity can be adversely affected by the bulk superconducting disorder even in the absence of any disorder in the nanowire (or the superconductor-nanowire interface) when the proximity tunnel coupling is strong. In particular, bulk disorder can effectively randomize the Shiba-state energies. In the case of a proximate semiconductor nanowire, we numerically compute the dependence of the effective disorder and pairing gap induced on the wire as a function of the semiconductor-superconductor tunnel coupling. We find that the scaling exponent of the induced disorder with respect to coupling is always larger than that of the induced gap, implying that at weak coupling, the proximity-induced pairing gap dominates, whereas at strong coupling, the induced disorder dominates. These findings bring out the importance of improving the quality of the bulk superconductor itself (in addition to the quality of the nanowire and the interface) in the experimental search for solid-state Majorana fermions in proximity-coupled hybrid structures and, in particular, points out the pitfall of pursuing strong coupling between the semiconductor and the superconductor in a goal toward having a large proximity gap. In particular, our work establishes that the bulk superconductor in strongly coupled hybrid systems for Majorana studies must be in the ultraclean limit, since otherwise the bulk disorder is likely to completely suppress all induced topological superconductivity effects.
Adaptive Wireless Communications: MIMO Channels and Networks (2013)

A comprehensive and self-contained exploration of cutting-edge applications in adaptive wireless communications, perfect for self-study.
‘Flip-chip’ transfer of ZnSSe/ZnSe/CdZnSeLED films (1995)

A ZnSSe/ZnSe/CdZnSe light-emitting diode (LED) film grown on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been successfully transferred from a GaAs substrate to a silicon substrate by combining both mechanical polishing and chemical wet etching techniques. The external quantum efficiency of the LED was enhanced by more than a factor of 2 via insertion of a reflector layer beneath the device structure. The device can be implemented in hybrid quasimonolithic integration. Technology applications include fabrication of LEDs with enhanced external quantum efficiency and II-VI surface emitting lasers.
N-Substituted derivatives of 2-aminoethanethiol and 2-hydrazinoethanethiol (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Substituted derivatives of 2-aminoethanethiol and 2-hydrazinoethanethiolRoger D. Westland, Joyce L. Holmes, Billie Green, and John R. DiceCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 4, 824–829Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00310a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00310a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
COMPANION: A Constraint-Optimizing Method for Person-Acceptable Navigation (2009)

This paper introduces the COMPANION framework: a constraint-optimizing method for person-acceptable navigation. In this framework, human social conventions, such as personal space and tending to one side of hallways, are represented as constraints on the robot's navigation. These constraints are accounted for at the global planning level. In this paper, we present the rationale for, and implementation of, this framework, and we describe the experiments we have run in simulation to verify that the method produces human-like behavior in a mobile robot. Our approach is novel in that it can express an arbitrary number of social conventions and explicitly accounts for these conventions in the planning phase.
Photoacoustic imaging of superficial vasculature : towards skin disease diagnosis (2016)

Postergroup: Tissue Perfusion
Interactions between neutrophils and macrophages promote macrophage killing of rat muscle cells in vitro (2002)

Current evidence indicates that the physiological functions of inflammatory cells are highly sensitive to their microenvironment, which is partially determined by the inflammatory cells and their potential targets. In the present investigation, interactions between neutrophils, macrophages and muscle cells that may influence muscle cell death are examined. Findings show that in the absence of macrophages, neutrophils kill muscle cells in vitro by superoxide-dependent mechanisms, and that low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) protect against neutrophil-mediated killing. In the absence of neutrophils, macrophages kill muscle cells through a NO-dependent mechanism, and the presence of target muscle cells causes a three-fold increase in NO production by macrophages, with no change in the concentration of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Muscle cells that are co-cultured with both neutrophils and macrophages in proportions that are observed in injured muscle show cytotoxicity through a NO-dependent, superoxide-independent mechanism. Furthermore, the concentration of myeloid cells that is necessary for muscle killing is greatly reduced in assays that use mixed myeloid cell populations, rather than uniform populations of neutrophils or macrophages. These findings collectively show that the magnitude and mechanism of muscle cell killing by myeloid cells are modified by interactions between muscle cells and neutrophils, between muscle cells and macrophages and between macrophages and neutrophils.
The Formation of ReS2 Inorganic Fullerene-like Structures Containing Re4 Parallelogram Units and Metal−Metal Bonds (2002)

The encapsulation of ReO(x) within ReS(2) inorganic fullerene-like cages is described for the first time. The encapsulate was prepared by the sulfidization of both hand-milled and ball-milled samples of ReO(2); partial conversion of the oxide to the sulfide was achieved with the degree of sulfidization depending on the exposure to the sulfidizing agent, H(2)S.
Design, Optimization and Characterization of Secondary Optics for a Dish-Based 1000x HCPV System (2011)

This paper presents a novel design of a solar secondary optics used in a dish-based HCPV system at 1000x. Different optimizations were conducted as well as experiments to determine its optimum configuration.
Simultaneous gate sizing and placement (2000)

This paper presents an iterative optimization technique for improving delay in integrated circuits. The basic idea is to perform timing analysis to identify the set of k most-critical paths in the circuit followed by cell resizing and replacement along the critical path set and their neighboring cells. The process is repeated until no further reduction in circuit delay is possible. At the core of this technique lies a mathematical formulation for simultaneous cell sizing and placement subject to timing and position constraints. We show that the resulting problem formulation is a generalized geometric program, which can be solved by solving a sequence of geometric programs. Experimental results on a set of benchmark circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach compared to the conventional approaches which separate gate sizing from gate placement.
Dynamic Base Station Relocation in Cognitive Mesh Networks Using Packet Switch (2008)

Cognitive radio is known as the technology that can make possible more intensive and efficient spectrum use through spatial and temporal utilization. In cognitive mesh networks where each base station consists of heterogeneous multi-radio interfaces, packet switch in L2/L3 of each base station selects each radio interface and channel adaptively in order to take full advantage of all multiple heterogeneous interfaces. In the context of cognitive mesh networks using packet switch, we investigate the potential of dynamic base station relocation problem in order to cope with the change of terminal traffic distribution, and show the impact of packet switch policies (i.e. interference based case, and channel non-usage ratio case) on dynamic base station relocation. Simulation result shows that our proposed dynamic base station relocation scheme is effective to increase the throughput performance, and that compared with the throughput performance of interference based case, the throughput of channel non-usage ratio case is always better. In addition we simulate the impact of pause time of client terminal movement model, and show that, with the increase of pause time, the throughput performance decreases.
The use of in vivo confocal microscopy in fungal keratitis – Progress and challenges (2022)

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious and sight-threatening corneal infection with global reach. The need for prompt diagnosis is paramount, as a delay in initiation of treatment could lead to irreversible vision loss. Current "gold standard" diagnostic methods, namely corneal smear and culture, have limitations due to diagnostic insensitivity and their time-consuming nature. PCR is a newer, complementary method used in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis, whose results are also sample-dependent. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a promising complementary diagnostic method of increasing importance as it allows non-invasive real-time direct visualization of potential fungal pathogens and manifesting infection directly in the patient's cornea. In numerous articles and case reports, FK diagnosis by IVCM has been evaluated, and different features, approaches, sensitivity/specificity, and limitations have been noted. Here, we provide an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the current literature and present the authors' combined recommendations for fungal identification in IVCM images, while also looking to the future of FK assessment by IVCM using artificial intelligence methods.