gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and development of orifice-type aerostatic thrust bearing (2005)

Air bearings are extensively used in pre- cision machines and equipment in recent years. Unlike conventional bearings, there is no physical contact between the sliding surfaces. The moving surface can glide smoothly on the other surface, minimising the control effort to achieve high accuracy and precision. Analytical study was carried out avoiding complexi- ties in the formulation. The governing parameters were kept at a minimum. This helped in easy under- standing of the dynamics and performance behavior of the air bearings. A simple design methodology was also developed to assist in the design or the selection process of the bearing. Finally, a three-dimensional (3D) model was built for Computational Fluid Dy- namics (CFD) analysis to verify the theoretical result. A test set-up was designed to measure and study the static and dynamic performance of different kind of air bearings for future air bearing development. More- over, the experimental data were also taken and com- pared with the analytical results.
Fuzzy algorithms for learning vector quantization (1996)

This paper presents the development of fuzzy algorithms for learning vector quantization (FALVQ). These algorithms are derived by minimizing the weighted sum of the squared Euclidean distances between an input vector, which represents a feature vector, and the weight vectors of a competitive learning vector quantization (LVQ) network, which represent the prototypes. This formulation leads to competitive algorithms, which allow each input vector to attract all prototypes. The strength of attraction between each input and the prototypes is determined by a set of membership functions, which can be selected on the basis of specific criteria. A gradient-descent-based learning rule is derived for a general class of admissible membership functions which satisfy certain properties. The FALVQ 1, FALVQ 2, and FALVQ 3 families of algorithms are developed by selecting admissible membership functions with different properties. The proposed algorithms are tested and evaluated using the IRIS data set. The efficiency of the proposed algorithms is also illustrated by their use in codebook design required for image compression based on vector quantization.
Antibody titers against the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 induced by BNT162b2 vaccination measured using automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (2021)

Abstract Background Levels of 50% neutralizing titer (NT50) reflect a vaccine-induced humoral immunity after the vaccination against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Measurements of NT50 are difficult to implement in large quantities. A high-throughput laboratory test is expected for determining the level of herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Methods We analyzed samples from 168 Japanese healthcare workers who had completed two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. We analyzed immunoglobulin G (IgG) index values against spike protein (SP) using automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system AIA-CL and analyzed the background factors affecting antibody titer. SP IgG index was compared with 50% neutralization titers. Results The median SP IgG index values of the subjects (mean age = 43 years; 75% female) were 0.1, 1.35, 60.80, and 97.35 before and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the first dose, respectively. At 4 and 6 weeks after the first dose, SP IgG titers were found to have positive correlation with NT50 titer (r=0.7535 in 4 weeks; r=0.4376 in 6 weeks). Proportions of the SP IgG index values against the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants compared with the original strain were 2.029, 0.544, 1.017, and 0.6096 respectively. Older age was associated with lower SP IgG titer index 6 weeks after the first dose. Conclusions SP IgG index values were raised at 3 weeks after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination and have positive correlation with NT50. SP IgG index values were lower in the older individuals and against Beta and Delta strain.
F usicatenibacter (2019)

Abstract Fu.si.ca.te.ni.bac'ter. L. masc. n. fusus a spindle; L. fem. n. catena chain; N.L. masc. n. bacter a rod; N.L. masc. n. Fusicatenibacter a spindle‐shaped chain rod. Gram‐stain‐positive, strictly anaerobic, nonmotile, non‐spore‐forming, and spindle‐shaped rods arranged in pairs and short chains. Cells range in size from 1.5 to 15 µm in length and 0.5 to 1.0 µm in width. Produce lactate, formate, acetate and succinate as fermentation end products from glucose. Chemotaxonomic properties include lysine as the cell‐wall diamino acid and C 16 :0 , C 18 :1 ω7 c DMA, and C 16 :0 DMA as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipid profile consists of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and two aminoglycolipids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA is 46.9–47.2 mol% (HPLC). Members of the class Clostridia , order Lachnospirales , family Lachnospiraceae . Known habitat is human intestine. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 46.9–47.2 (HPLC). Type species : Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans Takada, Kurakawa, Tsuji, and Nomoto 2013, 3695 VP . Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Fusicatenibacter is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Bacillati / Bacillota / Clostridia / Eubacteriales / Lachnospiraceae / Fusicatenibacter The genus Fusicatenibacter can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Fusicatenibacter (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Bacillota_A / c__Clostridia / o__Lachnospirales / f__Lachnospiraceae / g__Fusicatenibacter * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
Effect of Hypothyroidism during Gestation and in the Suckling Period on Cholesterol and Carnitine Metabolism in the Rat (1986)

Propylthiouracil (PTU; 0.05%) was added to the drinking water of rats of various ages and their response was monitored. PTU resulted in reduced body weights in both fetuses and young rats 0-30 days old. Plasma cholesterol levels were elevated and the activities of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGCoAR) and 7-alpha-hydroxylase were decreased if PTU was present in the water up to the time of death. However, if no PTU was present for some time before death, this effect was no longer observed. Plasma total carnitine levels were always suppressed by PTU and appeared the most sensitive indicator of PTU action. Intestinal acylcholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity was elevated nearly 5-fold, while intestinal HMGCoAR activity was only slightly and occasionally depressed.
Establishment and characterization of a human neuroblastoma cell line in tissue culture. (1979)

A new continuous cell line, GOTO, has been established in tissue culture from a human neuroblastoma arising from the adrenal and maintained for 5 years. The cells are small and fibroblast-like, and grow in dense layer. Population doubling time was approximately 48 hr. The modal chromosome number was near-diploid. Neither marker chromosomes nor double-minute chromosomes were abserved. Inoculum of 10(7) cells produced tumors in ATS-treated hamsters and athymic nude mice, and the histological appearance of tumors was consistent with undifferentiated neuroblastoma. Neural features of the cells were also confirmed by ultrastructural examination. Biochemical analysis showed this cell line to be cholinergic. Morphological differentiation leading to neurite formation was induced by cultivation in serum-free medium.
Near-infrared display materials (2003)

With the increasing use of night vision goggles and night missions, new methods to display information in the infrared region is of interest. We have developed both inorganic and organic electroluminescent thin films which emit at wavelengths between 700 nm and 1.8 &#956;m. These thin films have been incorporated into simple devices and the feasibility of a NIR flat panel display has been demonstrated. Both inorganic zinc sulfide and organic polymers doped with rare earth lanthanide ions have been demonstrated. The wavelength of emission can be varied by choosing the appropriate lanthanide ion, such as dysprosium, erbium, thulium or neodymium. Power densities of ~30 &#956;W/cm<sup>2</sup> have been achieved with these devices.
A Nonlinear Model for Predicting Pavement Serviceability (2002)

A recursive nonlinear model was developed to predict pavement deterioration. Pavement deterioration was assessed in terms of loss of serviceability — expressed as a function of traffic characteristics, pavement structural properties and environmental conditions. The model highlights some of the advantages of relaxing the linear restriction usually placed on the model specification. First, a functional form that better represents the physical deterioration process can be used. Second, the estimated parameters are unbiased because of proper specification and the use of sound estimation techniques. Finally, the standard error of the regression was reduced by half that of the equivalent existing linear model. The model developed enables the determination of an unbiased exponent of the so-called power law, and equivalent loads for different axle configurations. The estimated exponent confirms the value of 4.2 traditionally used. However, equivalent loads estimated for different axle configurations differed from traditionally used values. The estimated equivalent load for a single axle with single wheels is 44 kN, while the equivalent load for a tandem axle with dual wheels is 148 kN.
Linear Viscoelasticity of Spherical SiO2 Nanoparticle-Tethered Poly(butyl acrylate) Hybrids (2010)

The melt state linear viscoelastic properties of spherical silica nanoparticles with grafted poly(n-butyl acrylate) chains of varying molecular weight were probed using linear small amplitude dynamic oscillatory measurements and complementary linear stress relaxation measurements. While the pure silica-tethered−polymer hybrids with no added homopolymer exhibit solid-like response, addition of matched molecular weight free matrix homopolymer chains to this hybrid, at low concentrations of added homopolymer, maintains the solid-like response with a lowered modulus that can be factored into a silica concentration dependence and a molecular weight dependence. While the silica concentration dependence of the modulus is strong, the dependence on molecular weight is weak. On the other hand, increasing the amount of added homopolymer changes the viscoelastic response to that of a liquid with a relaxation time that scales exponentially with hybrid concentration.
Nutrient and Carotenoid Intakes and Dietary Habits in Mentally Disabled Adults (2015)

Objectives: According to preceding studies, many people with mental disability have unbalanced dietary habits or excessive intake of calories. Most of them are overweight or obese due to lack of self-control for food consumption, swallowing with inadequate chewing and physical inactivity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, including carotenoid, in mentally disabled people and find out a possible solution for nutritional improvement.
Agammaglobulinemia associated with BCR− B cells and enhanced expression of CD19 (2011)

Expression of a BCR is critical for B-cell development and survival. We have identified 4 patients with agammaglobulinemia and markedly reduced but detectable B cells in the peripheral circulation. These B cells have an unusual phenotype characterized by increased expression of CD19 but no BCR. The cells are positive for CD20, CD22, and CD38, but not for Annexin 5 or activation markers, including CD69, CD83, or CD86. EBV lines derived from these B cells lack functionally rearranged immunoglobulin heavy-chain transcripts, as shown by PCR-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (PCR-RACE). Analysis of BM from 2 of the patients showed a severe reduction in the number of pro-B cells as well as pre-B cells. Functionally rearranged heavy-chain transcripts were identified, indicating that machinery to rearrange immunoglobulin genes was intact. Flow cytometry of B-lineage cells suggested accelerated acquisition of maturation markers in early B-cell precursors and increased phosphorylation of signal transduction molecules. Further, expression of TdT, a molecule that is normally down-regulated by a functional pre-BCR complex, was decreased. We hypothesize that the accelerated maturation, increased expression of CD19, and lack of a BCR were due to the constitutive activation of the BCR signal transduction pathway in these patients.
Gas contaminant effects in discharge-excited KrF lasers (1992)

Infrared, ultraviolet, and mass spectrometers are used to study the evolution of gaseous impurities as a function of time in a discharge-excited KrF laser. The major contaminants detected, listed in order of prominence, are HF, CF(4), COF(2), SiF(4), and CO(2). The effect of each of these individual impurities on the laser performance is measured, and the results are used in a simple model that accurately predicts the decrease in laser output power with time. Techniques for improving the gas lifetime in KrF lasers are alsodiscussed.
Activating the Archive and the Postcolony in the Work of Sven Augustijnen (2023)

The repression of colonial pasts reveal themselves in contemporary discourses and forms of representation – they are not nor can be ever fully deemed ‘past’ says T.J. Demos. Belgian filmmaker Sven Augustijnen excavates the troubling legacy of Belgian colonialism through his documentary films and installations. His investment in archival research and the presentation of media artifacts produces a multi-sensory experience for the viewer which in turn has implications for contemporary documentary practices, archive thinking and critical media literacy. In this article I will consider the relationship between the 2016 exhibition mounted by Augustijnenat Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane in Dublin titled The Metronome Bursts of Automatic Fire Seep Through the Dawn Mist Like Muffled Drums and We Know It for What It Is and the documentary film Spectres(2011).In Spectres Augustijnenis literally conjuring the spectral by revisiting the disputed scene of the 1961 execution and murder of Patrice Lumumba, first prime minister of an independent Congo, with one of the historians of that pivotal event. Alternatively, in the exhibition The Metronome… the bodies of the victims and soldiers in the various military wars and conflicts are overwhelmingly on view in the photographs, while the spectre of postcolonialism hanging over the presentation. What are the effect(s) of viewing the films and experiencing the installations of Augustijnen, specifically in the examples of Spectres and The Metronome… where the installation format in contrast to the film, appears to suggest very little intervention by the artist and materiality is uppermost? What is the contribution of Augustijnen to archive thinking and alternative documentary strategies using the moving image and photography?
Methanogenesis in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor at pH 6 on an Acetate-Propionate Mixture (1985)

High-rate anaerobic digestion can be applied in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors for the treatment of various wastewaters. In upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, sludge retention time is increased by a natural immobilization mechanism (viz. the formation of a granular type of sludge). When this sludge is cultivated on acid-containing wastewater, the granules mainly consist of an acetoclastic methanogen resembling Methanothrix soehngenii. This organism grows either in rods or in long filaments. Attempts to cultivate a stable sludge consisting predominantly of Methanosarcina sp. on an acetate-propionate mixture as substrate by lowering the pH from 7.5 during the start-up to approximately 6 failed. After 140 days of continuous operation of the reactor a filamentous organism resembling Methanothrix soehngenii prevailed in the sludge. The specific methanogenic activity of this sludge on acetate-propionate was optimal at pH 6.6 to 6.8 and 7.0 to 7.2, respectively.
CSR Needs CPR: Corporate Sustainability and Politics (2018)

Corporate sustainability has gone mainstream, and many companies have taken meaningful steps to improve their own environmental performance. But while corporate political actions such as lobbying can have a greater impact on environmental quality, they are ignored in most current sustainability metrics. It is time for these metrics to be expanded to critically assess firms based on the sustainability impacts of their public policy positions. To enable such assessments, firms must become as transparent about their corporate political responsibility (CPR) as their corporate social responsibility (CSR). For their part, rating systems must demand such information from firms and include evaluations of corporate political activity in their assessments of corporate environmental responsibility.
In vivo fibered confocal reflectance imaging: totally non-invasive morphological cellular imaging brought to the endoscopist (2006)

This paper presents a novel fibered confocal reflectance microscopy system (FCRM) specifically designed for the medical observation of biological tissues <i>in vivo </i>and <i>in situ</i>, in real time, at the cellular level: the R-600. Reflectance imaging is based on the refraction index difference between biological components while confocal imaging allow to perform the optical sectioning slice in-depth inside the tissues. The R-600 is based on a proximal scanning system, coupled with a 7 mm diameter probe made of tens of thousands of flexible optical fibers allowing <i>in situ </i>imaging, associated with a dedicated software performing real-time control and image processing. The R-600 provides 12 frames per second at an optical imaging depth of 30 microns, with a high lateral resolution, 1 micron, an axial resolution of 2 microns in a field of view 160 microns in diameter. Thanks to the miniaturization of the optical probe, unprecedented accessibility is made possible in organs such as the cervix or the otolaryngological sphere, in a completely non-invasive fashion. The aim of FCRM is to perform optical biopsy. As a first step towards this goal, we present here results obtained in vivo and in real-time on a human mouth , assessing the ability of the R-600 to perform rapid morphologic examination. Subcellular structures such as nuclei and membranes can be clearly distinguished on the images. Further miniaturization opens perspectives for an integrated endoscope-compatible system with broad medical applications.
Synthesis and characterization of a TTF-π-verdazyl radical—a new building block for conducting and/or magnetic systems (2007)

The synthetic strategy for the preparation of a TTF donor, π-appended with a spin bearing verdazyl radical has been developed. UV-Vis, electrochemical and EPR studies reveal that this is an attractive magnetic building block for subsequent oxidation that could afford new conducting and/or magnetic systems.
Alternative activation generates IL-10 producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells (2017)

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) share cytokine and transcription factor expression with CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>h</sub>2 cells, but functional diversity of the ILC2 lineage has yet to be fully explored. Here, we show induction of a molecularly distinct subset of activated lung ILC2, termed ILC2<sub>10</sub>. These cells produce IL-10 and downregulate some pro-inflammatory genes. Signals that generate ILC2<sub>10</sub> are distinct from those that induce IL-13 production, and gene expression data indicate that an alternative activation pathway leads to the generation of ILC2<sub>10</sub>. In vivo, IL-2 enhances ILC2<sub>10</sub> generation and is associated with decreased eosinophil recruitment to the lung. Unlike most activated ILC2, the ILC2<sub>10</sub> population contracts after cessation of stimulation in vivo, with maintenance of a subset that can be recalled by restimulation, analogous to T-cell effector cell and memory cell generation. These data demonstrate the generation of a previously unappreciated IL-10 producing ILC2 effector cell population.
Public Health and Medical Preparedness for a Nuclear Detonation (2014)

Resilience and the ability to mitigate the consequences of a nuclear incident are enhanced by (1) effective planning, preparation and training; (2) ongoing interaction, formal exercises, and evaluation among the sectors involved; (3) effective and timely response and communication; and (4) continuous improvements based on new science, technology, experience, and ideas. Public health and medical planning require a complex, multi-faceted systematic approach involving federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial governments; private sector organizations; academia; industry; international partners; and individual experts and volunteers. The approach developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Nuclear Incident Medical Enterprise (NIME) is the result of efforts from government and nongovernment experts. It is a "bottom-up" systematic approach built on the available and emerging science that considers physical infrastructure damage, the spectrum of injuries, a scarce resources setting, the need for decision making in the face of a rapidly evolving situation with limited information early on, timely communication, and the need for tools and just-in-time information for responders who will likely be unfamiliar with radiation medicine and uncertain and overwhelmed in the face of the large number of casualties and the presence of radioactivity. The components of NIME can be used to support planning for, response to, and recovery from the effects of a nuclear incident. Recognizing that it is a continuous work-in-progress, the current status of the public health and medical preparedness and response for a nuclear incident is provided.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Modification of the Barton‐McCombie Reaction and Radical O‐ to S‐Rearrangement of Xanthates. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Morphology of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells (2005)

Within the different organic photovoltaic devices the conjugated polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction approach is one of the foci of today's research interest. These devices are highly dependent on the solid state nanoscale morphology of the two components (donor/acceptor) in the photoactive layer. The need for finely phase separated polymer–fullerene blends is expressed by the limited exciton diffusion length present in organic semiconductors. Typical distances that these photo-excitations can travel within a pristine material are around 10–20 nm. In an efficient bulk heterojunction the scale of phase separation is therefore closely related to the respective exciton diffusion lengths of the two materials involved. Once the excitons reach the donor/acceptor interface, the photoinduced charge transfer results in the charge separation. After the charges have been separated they require percolated pathways to the respective charge extracting electrodes in order to supply an external direct current. Thus also an effective charge transport relies on the development of a suitable nanomorphology i.e. bicontinuous interpenetrating phase structures within these blend films. The present feature article combines and summarizes the experimental findings on this nanomorphology–efficiency relationship.