gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BCR-ABL1+ Leukemic Stem Cells Are Dependent On Selectin-Ligand Interactions For Engraftment In The Bone Marrow Niche (2013)

Abstract Leukemic progenitors from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) have defects in the adhesive function of β1 integrins and in their response to the chemokine CXCL12 (Stem Cells 2002;3:259), pathways that are critical for engraftment and maintenance of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the bone marrow (BM) niche. Previous studies in a mouse BCR-ABL1 retroviral transduction/transplantation model of CML demonstrated that BCR-ABL1+ leukemic stem cells, but not normal murine HSC, are dependent on expression of the CD44 adhesion molecule for BM homing and engraftment (Nat Med 2006;12:1175). To investigate further other adhesion molecules required for stable engraftment of CML stem cells, we employed donor and recipient mice with targeted mutations in genes encoding selectins and those required for expression of selectin ligands in the mouse retroviral CML model. Neither the β1 integrin ligand VCAM-1 nor P-selectin was required in the BM endothelium of recipient mice for efficient engraftment and induction of CML-like myeloproliferative neoplasia (MPN) by BCR-ABL1-expressing stem cells. By contrast, loss of recipient E-selectin significantly impaired engraftment of BCR-ABL1+ stem/progenitor cells, as demonstrated by decreased frequency of BM proviral leukemia-initiating clones, a defect overcome by direct intrafemoral injection of the leukemic cells. We also demonstrated a requirement for expression of selectin ligands on the leukemic stem cells, as BCR-ABL1-expressing stem cells lacking enzymes contributing to biosynthesis of selectin ligands (Core2 or Fucosyltransferases IV and VII) exhibited decreased efficiency of engraftment, resulting in attenuated disease. Further, donor cells deficient in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) or in both PSGL-1 and CD44, a glycoform of which can function as a selectin ligand on hematopoietic stem cells (J. Biol Chem 2001;278:47623), displayed intermediate or profound impairment in engraftment of CML-like leukemia, respectively. Removal of selectin ligands by neuraminidase treatment of BCR-ABL1-transduced HSC blocked engraftment of leukemic stem cells and resulted in long-term survival of transplant recipients. Together, these results demonstrate that BCR-ABL1-expressing stem cells are dependent on selectin ligands, expressed on PSGL-1 and possibly on CD44, and their interaction with BM E-selectin for engraftment and retention in the BM microenvironment. Disrupting these niche interactions could represent new avenues for targeting CML stem cells that are resistant to ABL kinase inhibitors like imatinib. Disclosures: Van Etten: Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy; Deciphera Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; TEVA Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding.
Application of a Bioassay with CHO Cells for the Routine Detection of Stimulating and Blocking Autoantibodies to the TSH-Receptor (1998)

The importance of bioassays measuring stimulating and blocking autoantibodies to the TSH-receptor (TSH-R) by their effect on cAMP production in CHO cells transfected with the recombinant TSH-R is increasingly recognized. The standard technique for this bioassay is cumbersome, as it involves purification of serum IgG with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and resuspension in hypotonic buffer. We have therefore established a simpler approach for the detection of stimulating and blocking autoantibodies using JP09 CHO cells and unfractionated human serum. The cAMP concentration was measured by a highly sensitive commercial radioimmuno assay. Thyroid stimulating autoantibodies (TSAb) were present in 107 out of 126 patients with Graves' disease (85%) and in 4 out of 40 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (10%). Specificity was confirmed by the fact that only 1 patient with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) out of 64 patients with different non-thyroid autoimmune disorders (46 with IDDM, 10 with stiff man syndrome and 8 with rheumatoid arthritis) and 2 out of 100 healthy controls (2%) were positive in this assay. In the subgroup of hyperthyroid Graves' disease patients 76 out of 83 (92%) had TSAb and the same number had TSH binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII), as assessed by the commercial TRAK assay. Although both antibody types showed only a weak correlation (r = 0.30), a combination of TSAb and TBII detected 98% of all Graves' patients and 99% of the hyperthyroid subgroup. Thyroid blocking autoantibodies (TBAb) were measured in 4 out of 24 TSAb negative patients with Graves' disease (17%), who were hypothyroid and positive for TBII. A comparison of our bioassay with the standard bioassay using PEG precipitation showed a good correlation (r = 0.76,p < 0.001), demonstrating the feasibility of the simplified assay for the routine detection of TSAb and TBAb in Graves' disease.
Trajectory tracking of mechanical systems with unilateral constraints: Experimental results of a recently introduced hybrid PD feedback controller (2015)

The problem of tracking a time-varying reference trajectory of a mechanical system with unilateral position constraints is addressed in this paper. We present for the first time simulation and experimental results of a recently introduced trajectory tracking controller for hybrid systems with state jumps. The controller is applied to (locally) stabilize a time-varying trajectory of a 1-DOF robotic arm impacting and bouncing off an aluminum rod. The arm is modeled as a rigid link with viscous and Coulomb friction. The impact phenomenon is assumed to instantaneously reset the velocity in accordance with the classical Newton's law of restitution. Kinematic and dynamic identified parameter values are reported. The employed controller, hereafter called “hybrid PD controller with acceleration feedforward”, requires the real time detection on each impact in order to properly define the error signal. To this end, a force sensor and a triggering logic based on a force threshold are employed.
Nachweis eines extramedullären Plasmozytoms in den Keilbeinhöhlen (2019)

Das extramedulläre Plasmozytom macht 5% der Plasmazellerkrankungen aus und ist charakterisiert durch eine solitäre Plasmazellvermehrung. 80% sind in den oberen Atemwegen lokalisiert.
A family of 45nm IA processors (2009)

Nehalem is a family of next-generation IA processors for mobile, desktop and server segments implemented in 45nm high-kappa metal-gate CMOS. The family features a new system architecture, significantly enhanced Core architecture, innovations in power management and modular design. The 4-core 8MB-L3-cache die has 731M transistors. We introduce a coherent point-to- point link called QuickPath Interconnect that is the foundation for coherent communication between IA processors, chipsets, I/O hubs and coprocessors/accelerators for multiple generations. It features advanced power management, RAS capabilities and reduced hops/latency. At the physical level, it uses unidirectional variable-width differential signaling. The 45nm implementation features current-mode signaling with cascode driver, clock forwarding, source and sink termination, per-bit skew compensation and 2-tap driver equalization. Signaling speed is up to 6.4GT/S in 45nm but the basic approach scales to 20GT/s using conventional copper interconnect.
4E-5 Measurement of Acoustical Parameters of Thin Films (2006)

The workhorse of bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator design and analysis is the Mason model. This transmission line model takes as input parameters the thickness, (longitudinal) acoustic velocity and (longitudinal) acoustic impedance of the various layers constituting the resonator. Accurate knowledge of these parameters is essential for successful design and analysis of devices. In this paper we present a straightforward method for measuring these longitudinal wave parameters. Finally we will also make brief comments on how to evaluate the shear wave parameters
A Scalable Architecture for Harvest-Based Digital Libraries - The ODU/Southampton Experiments (2002)

This paper discusses the requirements of current and emerging applications based on the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and emphasizes the need for a common infrastructure to support them. Inspired by HTTP proxy, cache, gateway and web service concepts, a design for a scalable and reliable infrastructure that aims at satisfying these requirements is presented. Moreover it is shown how various applications can exploit the services included in the proposed infrastructure. The paper concludes by discussing the current status of several prototype implementations.
Bone marrow lesions predict progression of cartilage defects and loss of cartilage volume in healthy middle-aged adults without knee pain over 2 yrs (2008)

These data suggest that BMLs are associated with change in knee cartilage over 2 yrs in asymptomatic subjects. Increased progression of cartilage defects is seen with increasing size of BMLs. It will be important to determine in future studies whether BMLs directly cause change in cartilage over 2 yrs, or act as a marker of another factor that facilitates these changes.
The ammoniacal thiosulfate system for precious metal recovery (1995)

The hydrometallurgical treatment of gold and silver ores by ammoniacal thiosulfate solutions in the presence of a copper catalyst has been actively studied in recent years. Such a process strategy is very attractive due to the low toxicity of the lixiviant and the efficient recovery of the precious metals from difficult-to-treat ores. Important features of the ammoniacal thiosulfate system for the recovery of precious metals from various sources are reviewed in this paper, including leaching, metal recovery, and system stability.
The sites of Gd3+ in the luminescent matrix La1−xGdxMgAl11O19: Single crystal structure determination and site-selective excitation of Gd3+ (1990)

Single crystals of La1−xGdxMgAl11O19 for x=0.02 to 1 have been grown from the melt by the Verneuil (flame fusion) method. The localization of Gd3+ ions in the matrix has been obtained using x-ray diffraction and Gd3+ fluorescence techniques giving the average and the local structure of the material. The resolution of the crystal structure, of La0.4Gd0.6MgAl11O19 homolog, indicates that this compound is of the distorted magnetoplumbite (MP) type (hexagonal P63/ mmc). Lanthanide ions lie in the mirror plane in two kinds of sites: the (2d) regular MP one (D3h symmetry) occupied by La3+ ions, the distorted (12j) one (Cs symmetry) partially filled up and containing only Gd3+. Some oxygen ions of the Ln coordination polyhedron may be missing leading to a lowering of the true symmetry of the sites. Site selective excitation of the fluorescence of Gd3+ and emission spectra have been carried out on crystals with different x values. It indicates that Gd3+ ions are distributed mainly among two sites, A and B. Crystal field analysis of the splitting of the 6P terms of Gd3+ determined on the excitation spectra show that site A is close to the ideal D3h symmetry while site B is a strongly distorted site. This leads to the identification A=(2d), B=(12j). The occupancy is larger for site B than for site A in agreement with the refinement of the structure. Selective laser excitation into the A site induces emission of the B sites as a result of energy transfer which is demonstrated by the fluorescence decay. No evidence of energy migration is found for gadolinium content up to 100%. Fluorescence spectroscopy and crystal structure determination appear complementary to obtain a detailed description of the sites of Gd3+ in La1−xGdxMgAl11O19.
Precursor types predict the stability of neuronal branches (2021)

Branches are critical for neuron function, generating the morphological complexity required for functional networks. They emerge from different, well-described, cytoskeletal precursor structures that elongate to branches. While branches are thought to be maintained by shared cytoskeletal regulators, our data from mouse hippocampal neurons indicate that the precursor structures trigger alternative branch maintenance mechanisms with differing stabilities. Whereas branches originating from lamellipodia or growth cone splitting events collapse soon after formation, branches emerging from filopodia persist. Furthermore, compared to other developing neurites, axons stabilise all branches and preferentially initiate branches from filopodia. These differences explain the altered stability of branches we observe in neurons lacking the plasma membrane protein phospholipid phosphatase-related protein 3 (PLPPR3, also known as PRG2) and in neurons treated with netrin-1. Rather than altering branch stability directly, PLPPR3 and netrin-1 boost a 'filopodia branch programme' on axons, thereby indirectly initiating more long-lived branches. In summary, we propose that studies on branching should distinguish overall stabilising effects from effects on precursor types, ideally using multifactorial statistical models, as exemplified in this study.
Synthese neuer ungesättigter comonomerer und ihre copolymerisation mit acrylnitril (1972)

Abstract Zur Copolymerisation mit Acrylnitril wurden neue Monomere mit einer H 2 CC(R)CObzw. H 2 CC(CH 3 )C 6 H 4 ‐Gruppe einerseits und einer tertiären Amino‐Gruppe, einem Pyridyl‐Rest, einer Carbonsäure‐hydrazid‐Gruppe CONHNRR′, einer Oxalsäure‐hydrazid‐Gruppe COCONHNRR′ oder einer Semicarbazid‐Gruppe NHCONHNRR′ andererseits hergestellt. Ein Teil dieser Verbindungen wurde durch Umsetzung mit Dimethylsulfat, p ‐Toluolsulfonsäuremethylester oder cyclischen Sultonen in entsprechende quartäre Ammoniumsalze bzw. Sulfobetaine überführt. Durch Copolymerisation dieser Monomeren mit Acrylnitril wurden Copolymere mit verbesserter Anfärbbarkeit und erhöhter Wasseraufnahme erhalten.
Layer-by-Layer Engineering of Biocompatible, Decomposable Core−Shell Structures (2003)

The objective of the present investigation was to fabricate composite colloidal particles consisting of a sacrificial, decomposable template of biodegradable nature covered with biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayers using the layer-by-layer sequential adsorption technique. Poly-dl-lactic acid and poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) were chosen to design the microparticulate template, and a preliminary feasibility study was carried out with poly(styrene sulfonate sodium)-poly(allylamine hydrochloride) as shell components. The properties of both core-shell and hollow structures obtained by core dissolution were characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy, microelectrophoresis, scanning force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The concept was then extended to biocompatible polyelectrolytes as shell wall building blocks to deduce stable hollow capsules with tailored properties. Uniform, complete coating with oppositely charged polyelectrolyte pairs was achieved for all the combinations investigated. The results demonstrate that polyester microparticles could serve as viable alternative components to conventionally employed templates to derive hollow capsules with defined size, shape, and shell thickness. With all the components used for fabrication being biocompatible, these polyelectrolyte capsules may find interesting applications in the fields of biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and drug delivery.
Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between High-Dose Methotrexate and Amoxycillin (1993)

A case report of toxicity following concurrent administration of high-dose methotrexate and amoxycillin is presented. A 16-year-old male patient was administered 10 high-dose methotrexate cycles for treatment of a fully malignant osteogenic sarcoma. Methotrexate was administered at a dosage of 8 g/m2 and infused intravenously over a 6-h period. The patient received pre- and posttreatment hydration and sodium bicarbonate for alkalinization of urine. Calcium folinate rescue was performed when appropriate. During the 10th cycle, coadministration of amoxycillin (1 g/6 h, p.o.) resulted in prolonged and marked enhancement of methotrexate serum levels. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained in cycle 10 indicate significant differences for total plasma clearance, mean residence time, and distribution half-life when compared to those in cycles 1–9. Amoxycillin decreased the renal clearance of methotrexate, probably by competition at the common tubular secretion system and by secondary methotrexate-induced renal impairment. The patient experienced acute and subacute toxicity with renal failure, myelosuppression, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, fever, and dermatologic abnormalities. Patients receiving amoxycillin during methotrexate therapy should be closely monitored to avoid severe toxicity.
Net recovery of UAV with single-frequency RTK GPS (2015)

A system for autonomous precision recovery of fixedwing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using low-cost GPS L1 C/A based RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) solution utilizing locally generated corrections is described and field tested. We present a system architecture which includes the setup of the hardware and software for the onboard GPS receiver, base-station, differential link, computers running open-source carrier-phase positioning software, roll-stabilized GPS-antenna, dedicated flight control algorithms for the final approach, and their integration with the ArduPilot open-source autopilot in the small X8 UAV (flying-wing). Experimental results show proof-of-concept field tests where the prototype implementation has been used for recovery in a stationary recovery net.
Synergism of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors with Camptothecin Derivatives in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines (2014)

Advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a dismal prognosis. Modulation of the camptothecin topotecan, approved for second-line therapy, may improve response. Our recent finding of synergistic enhancement of the cytotoxic activity of camptothecin (CPT) by cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitors is extended here to a panel of camptothecin analogs comprising 10-hydroxy-CPT (HOCPT), topotecan (TPT; 9-[(dimethylamino)-methyl]-10-hydroxy-CPT), 9-amino-CPT (9AC), 9-nitrocamptothecin (rubitecan), SN38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin) and 10-hydroxy-9-nitrocamptothecin (CPT109) in combination with PD0332991, CDK4I, roscovitine and olomoucine. SCLC cell lines employed are chemoresistant NCI-H417 and DMS153 and the chemosensitive SCLC26A line established at our institution. The CPT analogs exhibiting highest cytotoxicity towards the three SCLC lines tested were SN38 and 9AC, followed by rubitecan, HOCPT, TPT and CPT109. NCI-H417 and DMS153 revealed an approximately 25-fold and 7-fold higher resistance compared to the chemosensitive SCLC26A cell line. Whereas the CDK4/6 inhibitor PD0332991 proved less effective to chemosensitize SCLC cells to CPT analogs, the CDK inhibitors CDK4I, roscovitine and olomoucine gave comparable chemosensitization effects in combination with 9AC, SN38, rubitecan and to a lesser extent with TPT and CPT109, not directly related with topoisomerase mRNA expression. In conclusion, small chemical modifications of the parent CPT structure result in differing cytotoxicities and chemomodulatory effects in combination with CDKIs of the resulting analogs.
α‐MnO2 Nanowires: A Catalyst for the O2 Electrode in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2008)

Higher-capacity lithium batteries can be fabricated by using α-MnO2 nanowires as the catalyst in a porous, composite oxygen cathode. In the depicted scanning electron micrograph of a composite positive electrode, deposits of Li2O2, which accumulates during discharge, can be seen within a porous matrix consisting of α-MnO2 and carbon. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705648_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Herceptin Sensitizes ErbB2–Overexpressing Cells to Apoptosis by Reducing Antiapoptotic Mcl-1 Expression (2006)

Using murine fibroblasts that express human ErbB2, but no other ErbB family member (NE2), these cells showed resistance to both taxol- and etoposide-induced apoptosis compared with parental cells. In addition, NE2 cells preferentially express the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Mcl-1 compared with parental cells, and treatment with herceptin reduces Mcl-1 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that herceptin sensitizes ErbB2-overexpressing cells to apoptosis by reducing antiapoptotic Mcl-1 protein levels.
THE SYMMETRY AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF GORCEIXITE, BaAl3[PO3(O,OH)]2(OH)6, A MEMBER OF THE ALUNITE SUPERGROUP (2006)

The crystal structure of the Ba–Al phosphate mineral gorceixite, a 7.0538(3), c 17.2746(6) A, V 744.4(2) A 3 , space group R 3 m , Z = 3, has been refined to an R 1 index of 2.3% on the basis of 253 unique reflections measured using Mo K α radiation on an automated single-crystal diffractometer. The specimen, from the Rapid Creek area, Yukon Territory, has rhombohedral rather than monoclinic Cm symmetry previously reported for the species. The crystal-structure refinement shows that the atomic arrangement of gorceixite is similar to that of other members of the alunite supergroup. The Ba–O and Ba–OH distances are 2.825 and 2.859 A (both ×6), respectively, and the volume of the Ba(O,OH) 12 polyhedron is 55.64 A 3 . Energy-dispersion spectra and electron-microprobe analyses indicate that the site is completely occupied by Ba, but the site occupancy refines to 88% occupancy; the reason for this is unclear. The average Al–O,OH and P–O distances are 1.906 and 1.544 A, respectively, and the OH–H distance is 0.980 A. Interatomic distances [H…O(2) = 1.904 A and OH…O(2) = 2.884 A] and a bond-valence analysis suggest that each O(2) atom is involved in hydrogen bonding (as an acceptor) with three different OH groups. However, the low bond-valence sum for O(2) suggests that it not only acts as an acceptor but functions as a donor as well. No hydrogen-atom sites could be identified from the difference-Fourier map, but the presence of OH groups at the O(2) site would help resolve the problem of charge balance. Assuming equal occupancy of the O(2) site by O and OH, the general formula of gorceixite is BaAl 3 [PO 3 (O,OH)] 2 (OH) 6 . Although R 3 m is the most appropriate space-group for the gorceixite sample studied here, we do not claim that all gorceixite samples crystallize in this space group. Different conditions of formation and compositions might be responsible for the lower symmetry observed previously, but the mechanism to achieve the symmetry lowering remains unclear.