gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of three classes of conditional lethal Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants with temperature-dependent defects in low density lipoprotein receptor stability and intracellular membrane transport. (1994)

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to isolate 19 independent, temperature-sensitive, low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants that define three recessive complementation groups, ldlE, ldlF, ldlG. LDL receptor activity, essentially normal at the permissive temperature (34 degrees C), was virtually abolished in the mutants after incubation for 8-12 h at the nonpermissive temperature (39-40.5 degrees C). The mutants died after incubation for > 24 h at 39.5 degrees C. These mutants exhibited two striking and unexpected abnormalities that suggest that they define three genes important for general vesicular membrane traffic. First, LDL receptors were degraded abnormally rapidly at the nonpermissive temperature (chloroquine inhibited this degradation in ldlE and ldlG, but not in ldlF). In ldlE cells, the rapid degradation did not require efficient receptor clustering into coated pits and was not observed for all cell surface proteins. This selective degradation may be due to endocytic missorting. Second, the mutants exhibited temperature-sensitive defects in the posttranslational processing and intracellular transport of many membrane-associated and secreted proteins, including the LDL, mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II, and scavenger receptors, the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein and decay accelerating factor. Although the initial synthesis, folding, and processing of precursor forms of these proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum were apparently normal at the nonpermissive temperature, there was either a delay or a block in oligosaccharide processing associated with endoplasmic reticulum to medial Golgi transport at the nonpermissive temperature. This was accompanied by a dramatic inhibition of total soluble protein secretion. The posttranslational processing defects, the instability of cell surface LDL receptors, and the defective protein secretion exhibited by these mutants suggest that the ldlE-G gene products regulate or participate in reactions that are vital for a variety of secretory and endocytic membrane transport processes. This suggestion is strongly supported by our recent observation that a cDNA encoding a component of the coatomer, epsilon-COP, corrects the mutant phenotypes of ldlF cells (Guo, Q., Vasile, E., and Krieger, M. (1994) J. Cell Biol. 125, 1213-1224). Thus, these mutant cells should prove useful for further genetic and biochemical analysis of the mechanisms underlying intracellular membrane traffic.
A randomized controlled trial of pimecrolimus cream 1% in adolescents and adults with head and neck atopic dermatitis and intolerant of, or dependent on, topical corticosteroids (2007)

Pimecrolimus cream 1% is effective in patients with head and neck dermatitis intolerant of, or dependent on, TCS. Reversion of skin atrophy may occur during TCS-free intervals.
Anti-Podocalyxin Monoclonal Antibody 47-mG 2a Detects Lung Cancers by Immunohistochemistry (2018)

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Regardless of the advances in lung cancer treatments, the prognosis is still poor. Podocalyxin (PODXL) is a highly glycosylated type I transmembrane protein that is expressed in normal tissues, including the heart, pancreas, and breast. It is also found and used as a diagnostic marker in many cancers, such as renal, brain, breast, oral, and lung cancers. We previously developed specific and sensitive anti-PODXL monoclonal antibodies, PcMab-47 (mouse IgG<sub>1</sub>, kappa) and its mouse IgG<sub>2a</sub>-type (47-mG<sub>2a</sub>), both of which were suitable for immunohistochemical analyses of oral cancers. In this study, we investigated the utility of PcMab-47 and 47-mG<sub>2a</sub> for the immunohistochemical analyses of lung cancers. PcMab-47 stained 51/70 (72.9%) cases of lung cancer, whereas 47-mG<sub>2a</sub> stained 59/70 (84.3%) cases, indicating that the latter antibody is more sensitive and is useful for detecting PODXL in lung cancers.
Chemical state of Ag in Conducting Bridge Random Access Memory cells: a depth resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy investigation. (2016)

International audience
Optimal sintering parameters for Al2O3 optoceramics with high transparency by spark plasma sintering (2016)

Transparent Polycrystalline Alumina (PCA) optical ceramics were fabricated at a high heating rate and low temperature by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Maximum pressure (100 MPa) at dwell time keeps the grain size small irrespective of the dwell time. A heating and cooling rate of 100°C min−1 at the sintering temperature of 1150°C for a dwell time of 1 h at 100 MPa yielded highly densified samples with the good transparency of 63 and 83% in visible and infra-red region, respectively. Optoceramics yielded a mechanical hardness of (3000 Hv)/ 29.42 GPa and a thermal conductivity of 21 Wm−1 K−1.
Synthesis of a Bis‐macrocycle Containing Two Back‐to‐Back Rigidly Connected 1,10‐Phenanthroline Units as a Central Core and its Incorporation in a Handcuff‐Like Catenane (2007)

A bis-macrocycle containing two back-to-back connected 1,10-phenanthroline chelates has been prepared. The synthetic strategy involves the preparation of a monocyclic precursor consisting of a 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione fragment incorporated in a 30-membered ring. This important intermediate has been prepared via two distinct routes, both strategies relying on the use of a ketal as a 1,2-dione protective group. A four-component condensation reaction between two molecules of the macrocyclic dione and two equivalents of ammonia (used in large excess) in the presence of a reducing agent (Na(2)S(2)O(4)) leads to the desired bis-ring in good yield. The most direct synthetic route allows preparation of the bis-macrocycle in seven steps from 1,10-phenanthroline in an overall yield of 14 %. Using the now well-established "gathering and threading" effect of copper(I), a doubly threaded species could be obtained in quantitative yield, in which each ring of the bis-macrocycle is threaded by a "molecular string". These fragments bear terminal allylic groups, which are used to prepare the final catenane by performing a double ring-closing metathesis reaction. This final cyclisation reaction is high yielding and affords the desired catenane consisting of a bis-macrocycle of which the two cyclic units are threaded by a large ring. The compound has been fully characterised by classical techniques. Electronic spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements suggest that the two copper complex subunits do not interact electronically, in spite of the aromatic nature of the bridging ligand between the two metal centres.
A real-time programmable switched-capacitor filter (1980)

Four independent real-time programmable switched-capacitor filters have been fabricated on a single NMOS chip. The filters are second-order sections with digitally programmable Q and center frequency. Either low-pass or bandpass functions are available by selecting the appropriate input. The device is microprocessor compatible and includes permanent programming capability as well as an on-chip oscillator. The circuit implementation, programming capability, and operation are described.
INFLUENCE OF THE CULTIVATION CONDITIONS ON YEAST STRAINS SURVIVAL AFTER LYOPHILIZATION (1995)

The growth curves of strains belonging to genera Candida and\nSaccharomyces grown through surfaced and submerged cultivation and\ntheir survival after lyophilization have been studied. Conclusions of\npractical importance have been drawn. It was found out that\nthree-day-old cultures cultivated in solid medium possessed maximal\nresistance to freeze-drying. Nevertheless the cultures obtained by\nsubmerged cultivation were with considerably lower survival the best\nresults were obtained at 12 h and 18 h of their development.
Factor IX is activated in vivo by the tissue factor mechanism (1990)

Despite significant progress in elucidating the biochemistry of the hemostatic mechanism, the process of blood coagulation in vivo remains poorly understood. Factor IX is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that can be activated by factor XIa or the factor VII-tissue factor complex in vitro. To investigate the role of these two pathways in factor IX activation in humans, we have developed a sensitive procedure for quantifying the peptide that is liberated with the generation of factor IXa. The antibody population used for the immunoassay was raised in rabbits and chromatographed on a factor IX-agarose immunoadsorbent to obtain antibody populations with minimal intrinsic reactivity toward factor IX. We determined that the mean level of the factor IX activation peptide (FIXP) in normal individuals under the age of 40 years was 203 pmol/L and that levels increased significantly with advancing age. The mean concentration of FIXP was markedly reduced to 22.7 pmol/L in nine patients with hereditary factor VII deficiency (factor VII coagulant activity less than 7%) but was not significantly different from normal controls in nine subjects with factor XI deficiency (factor XI coagulant activity less than 8%). These data indicate that factor IXa generation in vivo results mainly from the activity of the tissue factor mechanism rather than the contact system (factor XII, prekallikrein, high molecular-weight kininogen, factor XI). Our results may also help to explain the absence of a bleeding diathesis in many patients with deficiencies of the contact factors of coagulation.
An HMAC processor with integrated SHA-1 and MD5 algorithms (2004)

Cryptographic algorithms are prevalent and important in digital communications and storage, e.g., both SHA-1 and MD5 algorithms are widely used hash functions in IPSec and SSL for checking the data integrity. In this paper, we propose a hardware architecture for the standard HMAC function that supports both. Our HMAC design automatically generates the padding words and reuses the key for consecutive HMAC jobs that use the same key. We have also implemented the HMAC design in silicon. Compared with existing designs, our HMAC processor has lower hardware cost---12.5% by sharing of the SHA-1 and MD5 circuitry and a little performance penalty.
UV-optical from space (1991)

The following subject areas are covered: (1) the science program (star formation and origins of planetary systems; structure and evolution of the interstellar medium; stellar population; the galactic and extragalactic distance scale; nature of galaxy nuclei, AGNs, and QSOs; formation and evolution of galaxies at high redshifts; and cosmology); (2) implementation of the science program; (3) the observatory-class missions (HST; LST - the 6m successor to HST; and next-generation 16m telescope); (4) moderate and small missions (Delta-class Explorers; imaging astrometric interferometer; small Explorers; optics development and demonstrations; and supporting ground-based capabilities); (5) prerequisites - the current science program (Lyman-FUSE; HTS optimization; the near-term science program; data analysis, modeling, and theory funding; and archives); (6) technologies for the next century; and (7) lunar-based telescopes and instruments.
Synthetic strategies for the generation of ABCA' type asymmetric tetrablock terpolymers (2014)

We report the synthesis of poly(lactide)-b-poly(styrene)-b-poly(butadiene)-b-poly(lactide) (LSBL′) and poly(styrene)-b-poly(isoprene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(styrene) (SIOS′) tetrablock terpolymers with asymmetrically sized end blocks. A combination of anionic polymerization and ring opening transesterification polymerization (ROTEP) of (±)-lactide was used to synthesize LSBL′ while SIOS′ was prepared by a combination of anionic polymerization and reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. All intermediate and final products were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and specific control experiments for the LSBL′ tetrablock confirmed the successful synthesis.
Robust Real-Time Number Sign Detection on a Mobile Outdoor Robot (2011)

Abstract — We present the evolution of a highly-efficient system for visually detecting number signs in real-time on a mobile robot with limited computational power. The system was designed for use on a robot participating in the 2010 “SICK robot day” robotics challenge, in which the robot needed to autonomously find 10 number signs and drive to all of them in a given order as fast as possible. Our most efficient method has proven to be robust and successful, since our robot won the competition using the final vision systems described in this paper. Index Terms — number detection, number classification, realtime, robotic vision,
원저 : 퇴항성 슬관절의 봉독약침 치요효과에 대한 임상적 관찰 (2001)

Objective : This study is designed to find out the effects of the Bee Venom-Acupuncture on knee joint with osteoarthritis. Methods : We are investigated that outpatients suffer from knee joint pain deciphered at the division of Acupuncture in Jaseng oriental medicine hospital from the 13, July 1999 to until 11, November 2000. We make an estimated of the score from both before or after its treatment about 70 cases of diagnostic patient with the osteoerthritis of knee joints by biochemical method and X-RAY analysis, we observed in the progress of symptoms. Results : These results found that sex distinction with a disease caused much more female than male at the ratio of 1 to 5.36 in the proportion of males to females, jobs is mainly ranked with a housewife and approximately 82.9% of cases before our hospital have ever treated at the other clinics or hospitals. On the hand, the distribution interval of a case history is mainly followed by disease in below 6 month, interval of the period-treatment is mainly gone within 3 month and frequency of treatment is examined into 11 to 15 times, more than 16 times and below 10 times, respectively. We are estimated with the score of functional barrier from both before or after its treatment aganist osteoarthritis`patients and produced in the usefulness from the totally point of fields except the aid-device after its treatment. In summary, these results demonstrated that Bee Venom, Acupuncture enhanced more than 82.9% to the improvement of treatment and P<0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Conclusion : These results suggest that Bee-venom Acupuncture may be play a role in the significant usefulness and have need of actively application for the clinical trials against osteoarthritis`patients.
Preparation and properties of nanocomposites based on acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber, styrene–butadiene rubber, and polybutadiene rubber (2004)

Abstract Nanocomposites were prepared with different grades of nitrile rubber with acrylonitrile contents of 19, 34, and 50%, with styrene–butadiene rubber (23% styrene content), and with polybutadiene rubber with Na‐montmorillonite clay. The clay was modified with stearyl amine and was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD studies showed an increase in the gallery gap upon the modification of the filler by stearyl amine. The intercalation of the amine chains into the clay gallery gap was confirmed by the presence of some extra peaks (2928, 2846, and 1553 cm −1 ) in the FTIR spectra. The clay–rubber nanocomposites were characterized by TEM and XRD. The mechanical properties were studied for all the compositions. An improvement in the mechanical properties with the degree of filler loading up to a certain level was observed. The changes in the mechanical properties, with changes in the nature and polarity of the rubbers, were explained with the help of XRD and TEM results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1573–1585, 2004
Advances in Femtosecond Micromachining and Inscription of Micro and Nano Photonic Devices (2010)

This thesis has focused on three key areas of interest for femtosecond micromachining and inscription. The first area is micromachining where the work has focused on the ability to process highly repeatable, high precision machining with often extremely complex geometrical structures with little or no damage. High aspect ratio features have been demonstrated in transparent materials, metals and ceramics. Etch depth control was demonstrated especially in the work on phase mask fabrication. Practical chemical sensing and microfluidic devices were also fabricated to demonstrate the capability of the techniques developed during this work. The second area is femtosecond inscription. Here, the work has utilised the non-linear absorption mechanisms associated with femtosecond pulse-material interactions to create highly localised refractive index changes in transparent materials to create complex 3D structures. The techniques employed were then utilised in the fabrication of Phase masks and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) phantom calibration artefacts both of which show the potential to fill voids in the development of the fields. This especially the case for the OCT phantoms where there exists no previous artefacts of known shape, allowing for the initial specification of parameters associated with the quality of OCT machines that are being taken up across the world in industry and research. Finally the third area of focus was the combination of all of the techniques developed through work in planar samples to create a range of artefacts in optical fibres. The development of techniques and methods for compensating for the geometrical complexities associated with working with the cylindrical samples with varying refractive indices allowed for fundamental inscription parameters to be examined, structures for use as power monitors and polarisers with the optical fibres and finally the combination of femtosecond inscription and ablation techniques to create a magnetic field sensor with an optical fibre coated in Terfenol-D with directional capability. Through the development of understanding, practical techniques and equipment the work presented here demonstrates several novel pieces of research in the field of femtosecond micromachining and inscription that has provided a broad range of related fields with practical devices that were previously unavailable or that would take great cost and time to facilitate.
Tissue Engineering and Cellular Regeneration at NASA Report to Regenetech SAB (2004)

A project overview describing three dimensional tissue models is shown. The topics include: 1) cellular regeneration; 2) haemopoietic replacement; 3) novel vaccine development; 4) pharmacology and toxicology interventions; 5) development of synthetic viruses; and 6) molecular genetics and proteomics of recapitulated models.
Qualifications Frameworks: some conceptual issues (2007)

The aim of this article is to contribute to realising the progressive and democratic opportunities that National Qualifications Frameworks (NQFs) can offer. In doing so it will be critical of many of the ways that NQFs have been interpreted to date and the claims that have been made for them. The article has six sections. Section 1 considers some of the reasons for the recent growth of interest in NQFs. Section 2 is concerned with the widely shared goals of NQFs and some of the contradictions and problems that they involve. Section 3 discusses the very different forms that NQFs can take. Section 4 examines a number of issues that underlie all approaches to qualifications but are made more explicit by qualification frameworks and concludes by questioning the much lauded claim that NQFs can promote and accredit informal learning. The concluding section considers the longer term implications for the future of NQFs of the earlier analysis.
Multi-thread IO in high quality digital broadcasting system (2004)

To meet the need of performance in high quality digital broadcasting systems (HQDBS), such as high IO width, no frame loss, and seamless switch etc, an algorithm called MPPDIO (multi-thread parallel prefetch Direct IO) is proposed in this paper. The size of the sharing buffer between multi-threads is modeled and calculated. To investigate the validation of the MPPDIO algorithm, the I/O performances are analyzed and compared when adopting a traditional pre-cache sequence algorithm and adopting the MPPDIO algorithm, and a set of comparable experiments is proceeded. Analysis and test results indicate that the traditional pre-cache sequence algorithm can't meet the need of performance, and the MPPDIO algorithm not only can perfectly satisfy the performance requirements but also can improve the utilization of disk I/O channel and reduce the load of CPU. The MPPDIO algorithm can also meet the requirements of digital broadcasting on HDTV (high definition television), which needs the same performance as the HQDBS.
EphA2: A Novel Target in Renal Cell Carcinoma (2009)

Eph receptors and their ligands, ephrins, are known to play important roles in organ development (formation of tissue boundaries, neural crest cell migration, axon guidance) and angiogenesis. In particular, EphA2 has recently attracted interest in the field of cancer research. Many observations, including our own, have demonstrated that most cancers, such as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), overexpress the EphA2 protein. EphA2 overexpression/dysregulation is associated with carcinogenesis, metastasis, and poor clinical prognosis. Indeed EphA2 is not just a marker of metastatic potential, but its overexpression is directly linked to an aggressive tumor phenotype. As a consequence, EphA2 represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention in the setting of EphA2+ cancer histologies, with several agents being developed with clinical intent. Several strategies can be contemplated in this regard, including: (1) selected promotion of EphA2 degradation or to reduce EphA2 expression and signaling (via the application of agonistic antibody, ephrin-A1 Fc fusion protein, siRNA against EphA2, or protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) that regulate EphA2 expression or specific EphA2 kinase inhibitors); (2) antagonism of EphA2 receptor-ligand binding (by provision of mimetic peptides or EphA2 Fc fusion protein); and/or (3) vaccination against EphA2 (using specific peptide-, protein-, or gene-based methods) to elicit specific T-cell- or Ig-mediated immunity. In this chapter, we will discuss the basic immunobiology of tumor-associated EphA2 and potential therapeutic interventions directed against EphA2 that may yield clinical benefit in the setting of (renal cell) cancer.