gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generalized Sparselet Models for Real-Time Multiclass Object Recognition (2014)

The problem of real-time multiclass object recognition is of great practical importance in object recognition. In this paper, we describe a framework that simultaneously utilizes shared representation, reconstruction sparsity, and parallelism to enable real-time multiclass object detection with deformable part models at 5Hz on a laptop computer with almost no decrease in task performance. Our framework is trained in the standard structured output prediction formulation and is generically applicable for speeding up object recognition systems where the computational bottleneck is in multiclass, multi-convolutional inference. We experimentally demonstrate the efficiency and task performance of our method on PASCAL VOC, subset of ImageNet, Caltech101 and Caltech256 dataset.
Transwells with Microstamped Membranes Produce Micropatterned Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Co-Cultures (2010)

This article describes a simple and rapid cell patterning method to form co-culture microarrays in commercially available Transwells. A thin poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) layer is printed on the underside of a Transwell using a PDMS stamp. Arbitrary cellular patterns are generated according to the geometric features of the thin PDMS layer through hydrodynamic forces that guide cells onto the membrane only over the PDMS-uncoated regions. Micropatterns of surface-adhered cells (we refer to this as two-dimensional) or non-surface-adhered clusters of cells (we refer to this as three-dimensional) can be generated depending on the surface treatment of the filter membrane. Additionally, co-cultures can be established by introducing different types of cells on the membrane or in the bottom chamber of the Transwell. We show that this co-culture method can evaluate mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell differentiation based on heterogeneous cell-cell interactions. Co-culture of mES cells and HepG2 cells decreased SOX17 expression of mES cells, and direct cell-cell contact further decreased SOX17 expression, indicating that co-culture with HepG2 cells inhibits endoderm differentiation through soluble factors and cell-cell contact. This method is simple and user-friendly and should be broadly useful to study cell shapes and cell-cell interactions.
Catalytic hydrocracking of pyrolytic lignin in supercritical methanol over nickel‑ruthenium/ceria-deposited HZSM-5 (2023)

In this study, we explored the catalytic hydrocracking of pyrolytic lignin (PL) under supercritical methanol conditions. This approach aimed to minimize coke formation and prevent solidification of bio-oil, thus improving its manageability and upgrade potential in subsequent steps. Hydrocracking of PL at 250°C for 2 h with HZSM-5, Ni/HZSM-5, and Ni-Ru/HZSM-5 catalysts revealed a dominance of repolymerization over hydrocracking. Consequently, the methanol-soluble oil portion decreased to <37.8 wt%, accompanied by an increase in product molecular weight. However, by co-depositing Ni and Ru on ceria-impregnated HZSM-5 catalysts, the yield of methanol-soluble oil increased to 48.5–56.1 wt%, while the molecular weight decreased. By optimizing reaction parameters using Ni-Ru/Ce-HZSM-5 (NRC4H) at 300°C for 1 h, a methanol-soluble yield of 52.5 wt% was achieved, along with a substantial reduction in molecular weight. The interaction of Ni, Ru, and Ce elements on the catalyst's acidic surface led to smaller Ni and Ru particles and improved reducibility, resulting in a suitable acid-base balance that effectively suppressed repolymerization and enhanced hydrocracking. Furthermore, the detection of methane in the gas product served as an indicator of the hydrogenation reaction of double bonds during the hydrocracking process.
Predictions of a Turbulent Separated Flow Using Commercial CFD Codes (2001)

Numerical simulations of the turbulent flow in an asymmetric two-dimensional diffuser are carried out using three commercial CFD codes: CFX, Fluent, and Star-CD. A low-Reynolds number k-ε model with damping functions and the four-equation v′2¯−f model are used; the first one is available as a standard feature in all the codes, the v′2¯−f model was implemented using the User Defined Routines. The flow features a large recirculating zone due to the adverse pressure gradient in the diffuser; the v′2¯−f predictions agree very well with the experiments both for the mean velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy. The length of the separation bubble is also computed within 6 percent of the measured value. The k-ε calculations do not show any recirculation and the agreement with the measurements is very poor. The three codes employed show very similar characteristics in terms of convergence and accuracy; in particular, the results obtained using the v′2¯−f are consistent in all the codes, while appreciable differences are obtained when the k-ε is employed.
Experimental study of an in-fiber acousto-optic tunable bandpass filter for single- and dual-wavelength operation in a thulium-doped fiber laser (2019)

A tunable single- and dual-wavelength thulium-doped all-fiber laser is demonstrated based on the implementation of an in-fiber acousto-optic tunable bandpass filter (AOTBF). The AOTBF is fabricated to be operated in the 1.9 µm region, and takes advantage of the intermodal coupling effect produced by traveling flexural acoustic waves in an optical fiber. It exhibits a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.04 nm with an insertion loss of 4.75 dB. The tuning properties of the AO device allows a continuous-wave operation with characteristics of wide tuning range (211.5 nm), narrow linewidth (50 pm) and high signal-to-noise ratio (60 dB). In the dual-wavelength regime, the laser is capable of independent tuning of each of the laser lines, achieving a tunable dual-wavelength emission that extends from 1802.67 to 1932.75 nm. A controllable wavelength spacing with minimum and maximum separations of 1.04 and 130.08 nm is obtained.
Evidence that butane disproportionation demands adjacent acid sites (1985)

In the disproportionation of butanes over protonic mordenites with a Si/Al ratio between 8 and 110, the activity of the acid sites increases with their density which that in this reaction at least two acid centers intervene.
Impact of an AlAs window layer upon the optical properties of AlxGa1−xAs photodiodes (2016)

Recently developed advanced scintillators, which have the ability to distinguish gamma-ray interaction events from those that accompany neutron impact, require improved quantum efficiency in the blue to near UV region of the spectrum. We utilize GaAs/Al0.8Ga0.2As photodiode elements as components in a wide band-gap solid-state photomultiplier as a lower-cost, lower logistical burden, and higher quantum efficiency replacement for the photomultiplier tube. An AlAs window layer is employed as a means to increase the diode's optical performance. Relative to structures absent the window layer, simulations and measurements demonstrate that the AlAs layer produces a spatial coincidence between regions of large drift fields with regions of high photon absorption. In addition to the AlAs layer, secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements show that an unexpected high degree of inter-diffusion of GaAs and AlAs quenches the photon-detection efficiency, a decrease that can be avoided by its post-growth removal. With the AlAs layer, the peak external quantum efficiency of 49% is achieved at 450 nm with 10 V reverse bias, which does not fully deplete the device. Simulations show that full depletion can result in efficiencies exceeding 90%. In order to enhance the optical response, a simple anti-reflective coating layer is designed using the existing passivation layer components that successfully minimizes the reflection at the wavelength range of interest (300 nm–500 nm).
Minimal incision total hip arthroplasty via the anterior approach (2005)

Purpose of review: There has been a great deal of interest recently in minimally invasive techniques for hip arthroplasty by surgeons, patients, and orthopedic companies. Academic publications and presentations have been far outstripped by commercially driven advertisements and material in the lay press. This review focuses on developments and information presented in the past year on total hip arthroplasty (THA) through the anterior approach that can be construed as minimally invasive or less invasive. Recent findings: The various permutations of anterior minimally invasive THA focus on one, two, or three incisions and have been described both with and without the use of fluoroscopy, specialized operating tables, and specialized instrumentation. There is significant disparity in agreement over which patients are candidates for the surgery and, indeed, even over exactly how the ubiquitous term minimally invasive is defined. Few reports deal with case series of significant size, and although some of the techniques have been used for many years, few of the studies of the past year provide follow-up of longer than 2 years. Summary: As greater interest develops in minimally invasive THA, more information will become available. The anterior approach has been described by several authors using various minor modifications, and it remains for additional centers and investigators to report their results with such surgery. Retrospective review from a large, specialized joint center has demonstrated excellent results, but it is unclear whether these same results can be realized by less specialized centers.
FLASH: a fast look-up algorithm for string homology (2002)

A key issue in managing large amounts of data is the availability of efficient, accurate, ad selective techniques to detect homology (similarity) between newly recovered and previously acquired sequences. The algorithm presented is based on a probabilistic indexing framework which requires minimal access to the database for each match. A highly redundant number of descriptive tuples from the sequences of interest are generated and used as indices in a table look-up paradigm. Theoretical and experimental results on the sensitivity and accuracy of the approach are provided. These include the probability of correct and random matches and the storage and computational requirements. An experimental system is implemented for a database containing the complete genome of the bacteria E. Coli (approximately 2 million nucleotides). Search time is a few seconds on a workstation class machine. The algorithm is shown to scale well to databases containing billions of nucleotides with performances that are orders of magnitude better than the fastest of the current techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Consideration on Cordless Power Station-contactless power transmission system (1996)

We suggest the contactless power transmission system "Cordless Power Station (CLPS)" that will radiate little noise by making the coil geometry noise-reducible. The system makes use of electromagnetic induction among the coils. So far we have studied the structures of CLPS consisting of some spiral coils, and found out that CLPS could be small-sized and thin. The enough amount of power could be transmitted. In this paper we suggest the structure consisting of meander coils (meander type), which has allowances in coil displacement and is easy to be set up. We studied the power-transmitting characteristics with various magnetic materials and coil misalignment. We also discussed the efficiency improvements in the spiral type. Later we make a comparison in characteristics between spiral type and meander type.
Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus placebo added to basal insulin analogues (with or without metformin) in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo‐controlled trial (2015)

Adding liraglutide to a basal insulin analogue ± metformin significantly improved glycaemic control, body weight and systolic blood pressure compared with placebo. Typical gastrointestinal symptoms and minor hypoglycaemia were more frequent with liraglutide.
Progesterone regulates the murine multidrug resistance mdr1b gene. (1993)

P-glycoprotein, the product of the multidrug resistance (mdr) gene family, is a major determinant in the development of resistance to a large number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents and is also expressed normally in a variety of mammalian tissues. In rodents during pregnancy, there is a dramatic overproduction of the mdr1b form of P-glycoprotein at the lumenal surface of the secretory epithelium of the gravid uterus. An expression vector, mdr1b-CAT, was constructed by fusion of this promoter region to a reporter gene, the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. R5020, a progesterone agonist, increased approximately 3-fold the expression of mdr1b-CAT when transfected into T47D cells, a cell line that constitutively expresses the progesterone receptor. A far greater response to R5020 was observed when the cells were co-transfected with an expression vector for the A form of the progesterone receptor, but not the B form. A series of 5'-deleted clones of the mdr1b-CAT construct indicated that the region of responsiveness was located in the first untranslated exon of the gene. Furthermore, sequences from the first exon were able to confer responsiveness to the non-responsive thymidine kinase-CAT vector. This study demonstrates that progesterone specifically regulates the activity of the mdr1b promoter and that this response is directed solely by the A form of the progesterone receptor.
Monitoramento de reservatório de água via imagens de satélite. (2017)

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, utilizando-se de geoprocessamento e de
sensoriamento remoto, aplicar processamento de imagens por meio do sotfware Spring,
a fim de monitorar o volume de agua no acude Epitacio Pessoa via imagens de satelite. O
trabalho consta de uma fundamentacao teorica, abordando as tecnicas de processamento
de imagem que foram utilizadas no tratamento e classificacao das imagens, para, em
seguida, discorrer acerca dos detalhes da metodologia aplicada. Por fim, sao apresentados
os resultados obtidos e as conclusoes a respeito deles.
Mechanisms of chlorate toxicity and resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2022)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that often encounters hypoxic/anoxic environments within the host, which increases its tolerance to many conventional antibiotics. Toward identifying novel treatments, we explored the therapeutic potential of chlorate, a pro-drug that kills hypoxic/anoxic, antibiotic-tolerant P. aeruginosa populations. While chlorate itself is relatively nontoxic, it is enzymatically reduced to the toxic oxidizing agent, chlorite, by hypoxically induced nitrate reductase. To better assess chlorate's therapeutic potential, we investigated mechanisms of chlorate toxicity and resistance in P. aeruginosa. We used transposon mutagenesis to identify genes that alter P. aeruginosa fitness during chlorate treatment, finding that methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr), which repair oxidized methionine residues, support survival during chlorate stress. Chlorate treatment leads to proteome-wide methionine oxidation, which is exacerbated in a ∆msrA∆msrB strain. In response to chlorate, P. aeruginosa upregulates proteins involved in a wide range of functions, including metabolism, DNA replication/repair, protein repair, transcription, and translation, and these newly synthesized proteins are particularly vulnerable to methionine oxidation. The addition of exogenous methionine partially rescues P. aeruginosa survival during chlorate treatment, suggesting that widespread methionine oxidation contributes to death. Finally, we found that mutations that decrease nitrate reductase activity are a common mechanism of chlorate resistance.
Learning hidden unit contributions for unsupervised speaker adaptation of neural network acoustic models (2014)

This paper proposes a simple yet effective model-based neural network speaker adaptation technique that learns speaker-specific hidden unit contributions given adaptation data, without requiring any form of speaker-adaptive training, or labelled adaptation data. An additional amplitude parameter is defined for each hidden unit; the amplitude parameters are tied for each speaker, and are learned using unsupervised adaptation. We conducted experiments on the TED talks data, as used in the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT) evaluations. Our results indicate that the approach can reduce word error rates on standard IWSLT test sets by about 8-15% relative compared to unadapted systems, with a further reduction of 4-6% relative when combined with feature-space maximum likelihood linear regression (fMLLR). The approach can be employed in most existing feed-forward neural network architectures, and we report results using various hidden unit activation functions: sigmoid, maxout, and rectifying linear units (ReLU).
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Highly Heteroepitaxial, La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-δ Electrodes Through Non Linear Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Carbon Quantum Dots/Cu2O Heterostructures for Solar‐Light‐Driven Conversion of CO2 to Methanol (2014)

A carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/Cu2O heterostructure with a protruding structure is synthesized and found to offer highly efficient photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to methanol under solar-light irradiation. The CQDs/Cu2O photocatalyst exhibits excellent stability during the conversion process, which is attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer properties of the CQDs. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis of DNA‐Sequence‐Selective Hairpin Polyamide Platinum Complexes (2007)

Two DNA-sequence-selective hairpin polyamide platinum(II) complexes, containing pyrrole and imidazole heterocyclic rings, have been synthesised by different methods. A six-ring complex, selective for (A/T)GGG(A/T) DNA sequences, was made by using solid-phase synthesis, whilst an eight-ring complex, selective for (A/T)CCTG(A/T) DNA sequences, was made by utilising standard wet chemistry. Solid-phase synthesis resulted in a significantly higher yield, required less purification and is more efficient than the wet synthesis; as such, it is the preferred method for further work. The metal complexes were characterised by (1)H and (195)Pt NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry. The two compounds provide a foundation for the synthesis of more complex molecules containing multiple hairpins and/or platinum groups.
Data from PAX3-FOXO1A Expression in Rhabdomyosarcoma Is Driven by the Targetable Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a devastating pediatric disease driven by expression of the oncogenic fusion gene PAX3-FOXO1A. In this study, we report overexpression of the nuclear receptor NR4A1 in rhabdomyosarcomas that is sufficient to drive high expression of PAX3-FOXO1A there. RNAi-mediated silencing of NR4A1 decreased expression of PAX3-FOXO1A and its downstream effector genes. Similarly, cell treatment with the NR4A1 small-molecule antagonists 1,1-bis(3-indolyl)-1-(&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-hydroxy or &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-carbomethoxyphenyl)methane (C-DIM) decreased PAX3-FOXO1A. Mechanistic investigations revealed a requirement for the NR4A1/Sp4 complex to bind GC-rich promoter regions to elevate transcription of the PAX3-FOXO1A gene. In parallel, NR4A1 also regulated expression of β1-integrin, which with PAX3-FOXO1A, contributed to tumor cell migration that was blocked by C-DIM/NR4A1 antagonists. Taken together, our results provide a preclinical rationale for the use of NR4A1 small-molecule antagonists to treat ARMS and other rhabdomyosarcomas driven by PAX3-FOXO1A. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(3); 732–41. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Novel metal carbon nanocomposites and carbon nanocrystalline material with promising properties for the development of electronics (2013)

New materials based on carbon nanocrystalline material and metal carbon nanocomposites, which have specific properties and are promising for the use in the fabrication of electron and electrochemical sensor devices and catalysts, have been suggested for the development of electronics.
The Modified Pereyra Procedure in Recurrent Stress Urinary Incontinence (1994)

The modified Pereyra procedure is well suited for the treatment of uncomplicated recurrent stress urinary incontinence, with a long-term cure rate of over 80%. However, success rates are significantly lower for recurrent stress incontinence in association with persistent risk factors for failure. In either instance, the procedure is associated with appreciable perioperative morbidity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ethyl 4‐O‐[4‐(1,2,4‐Oxadiazol‐5‐yl)phenyl]‐α‐D‐mannopyranosides. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Real-Time Vehicle Classification Using Inductive Loop Signature Data (2008)

Vehicle class is an important characteristic of traffic measurement, and classification information can contribute to many important applications in various transportation fields. For instance, vehicle classification is helpful in monitoring heavy vehicle traffic for road maintenance and safety, modeling traffic flow, and obtaining performance measurements based on each vehicle class for traffic surveillance. A real-time vehicle classification model was introduced. A heuristic method combined with decision tree and K-means clustering approaches was proposed to develop the vehicle classification model. The features used in the proposed model were extracted from piecewise slope rate values, which were obtained from single-loop inductive signature data. Three vehicle classification schemes–FHWA, FHWA-I, and Real-time Traffic Performance Measurement System–and a data set obtained from square single-loop detectors were used for model development. A data set obtained from round single-loop detectors was applied to test the transferability of the proposed model. The results demonstrated that the proposed real-time vehicle classification model is not only capable of categorizing vehicle types on the basis of the FHWA scheme but also is capable of grouping vehicles into more detailed classes. The classification model can successfully classify vehicles into 15 classes using single-loop detector data without any explicit axle information. In addition, the advantages of the proposed vehicle classification model are its simplicity, its use of the current detection infrastructure, and its enhancement of the use of single-loop detectors for vehicle classification. The initial results also suggest the potential for transferability of the vehicle classification approach and are very encouraging.
Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism: New Challenges (2004)

In 2003 a joint International and European symposium on Purines and Pyrimidines was held in the Netherlands. The international series of symposia dates back to 1974 and was inspired by several exci...