gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Start from Scratch (2014)

Higher-level semantics such as visual attributes are crucial for fundamental multimedia applications. We present a novel attribute discovery approach that can automatically identify, model and name attributes from an arbitrary set of image and text pairs that can be easily gathered on the Web. Different from conventional attribute discovery methods, our approach does not rely on any pre-defined vocabularies and human labeling. Therefore, we are able to build a large visual knowledge base without any human efforts. The discovery is based on a novel deep architecture, named Independent Component Multimodal Autoencoder (ICMAE), that can continually learn shared higher-level representations across the visual and textual modalities. With the help of the resultant representations encoding strong visual and semantic evidences, we propose to (a) identify attributes and their corresponding high-quality training images, (b) iteratively model them with maximum compactness and comprehensiveness, and (c) name the attribute models with human understandable words. To date, the proposed system has discovered 1,898 attributes over 1.3 million pairs of image and text. Extensive experiments on various real-world multimedia datasets demonstrate the quality and effectiveness of the discovered attributes, facilitating multimedia applications such as image annotation and retrieval as compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
Comparison of the applications of process simulations and FMEA: two case studies (2002)

In manufacturing it is imperative to control defect densities and film properties within unit process modules. Often, however, a lack of detailed characterization on cutting edge processes can hinder effective troubleshooting when problems do occur. We intend to highlight simple problem solving methodologies such as the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) that can be applied to a wide range of everyday problems that occur on all process modules. We provide two real life cases where the advanced and complex Finite Element Modeling (FEM) of the Navier Stokes Equation and the FMEA yielded identical results. The first case is that of contamination to the wafer backside that occurred in a CVD tungsten system and resulted in depressed yield, and equipment downtime in all downstream process modules. Process simulations at different settings of gas flow rates and pressure identified a process window where wafer backside contamination could occur. Subsequently an FMEA yielded identical results for the root cause. Within this case we present all possible failure mechanisms, review the methodologies used for risk assessment analysis, material dispositioning criteria and explain the procedures put in place to detect and eliminate future backside contamination. In the second case we report analysis of excessive downtime due to poor film uniformity that occurred from upgrading a CVD tool from 6" to 8". The differences between the 6" and the 8" chambers were analyzed using process modeling and FMEA.
Comparison of the efficiency of laser beam focusing through the scattering medium using 14- and 31-channel bimorph mirrors (2018)

We investigated the ability to focus laser beam (&lambda; = 0.65 nm), propagated through the scattering suspension of polystyrene microspheres in distilled water, by means of two bimorph mirrors. Shack-Hartmann sensor was used to measure the local slopes of the Poynting vector, and the CCD camera was used to measure the intensity of the focal spot in the far-field. Correction efficiency of the two bimorph deformable mirrors — with 14 and 31 control channels — were compared. Numerical and experimental investigation of the focusing improvement of the laser beam propagated through the scattering medium was performed.
Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection With Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients (1998)

Our data indicate a possible association of H. pylori infection and the development of coronary heart disease, thrombo-occlusive cerebral disease, or both, in diabetic patients. The importance of this link is highlighted by the possibility of an effective intervention against H. pylori infection.
Bumpless Build Cube (BBCube) 3D: Heterogeneous 3D Integration Using WoW and CoW to Provide TB/s Bandwidth with Lowest Bit Access Energy (2023)

We propose a technology called BBCube 3D for AI and HPC applications, which need high bandwidth and power efficiency. BBCube 3D is constructed by heterogeneous 3D integration in which xPU (CPU, GPU etc.) chiplets and DRAM wafers are stacked using a combination of bumpless Wafer-on-Wafer and Chip-on-Wafer. BBCube 3D has the potential to achieve a bandwidth 30 times higher than DDR5 and four times higher than HBM2E with an bit access energy 1/20th that of DDR5 and 1/5th that of HBM2E.
Dc Field Dependence of the Photomagnetic Effect on Co-Doped YNdIG Film. (1995)

The photo-induced magnetic effect (PME) that the permeability changes in a Co-doped YNdIG single crystal film under the de applied field (Hdc) was measured at 77 K.Three different states of permeability existed even for the PME measured in a single domain state under the de field. A simple model of the distribution of a-site Co2+ before and after irradiation with light suggested that the three different states may be attributed to differences in local magnetic anisotropy and a flopping of Co2+ parallel to the external dc field.
Ultrastretchable and Flexible Copper Interconnect‐Based Smart Patch for Adaptive Thermotherapy (2014)

Unprecedented 800% stretchable, non-polymeric, widely used, low-cost, naturally rigid, metallic thin-film copper (Cu)-based flexible and non-invasive, spatially tunable, mobile thermal patch with wireless controllability, adaptability (tunes the amount of heat based on the temperature of the swollen portion), reusability, and affordability due to low-cost complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible integration.
Analysis on Stress of Pavement with Different Crack Statuses in Base (2009)

In order to compare stress responses in pavement structure with various base states under vehicle load, finite element method were used to establish the model for different projects, and then distribution of stresses in semi-rigid base asphalt under various horizontal loads and interbeded conditions were calculated. The analytical result indicates that (1) interlaminar combination is an important factor to influence evolution of base crack; (2) both tensile stress and shearing stress increase dramatically when joint condition between surface and base is bad; even no base crack, both down-top transverse crack and longitudinal crack along moving direction of vehicle may appear; (3) those cracks whose depth is less than base thickness may reflects to pavement surface quickly. Therefore, to spread asphalt pavement after shrinkage cracks in base were fully developed and treated can reduce and postpone reflecting crack.
Cryogenics for the KEKB Superconducting Crab Cavities (2010)

Two superconducting crab cavities were successfully installed into the KEKB accelerator in January 2007. Since then the crab cavities have been in stable operation for 3 years up to now, thanks to reliable operation of the cryogenic system of the KEKB including a large-scale helium refrigerator. This means that the cryostat for the crab cavities was well designed and constructed properly, although there are some technical complexities in the cryostat, such as two helium vessels in a cryostat, a movable coaxial coupler which is cooled with liquid helium and so on. The KEKB cryogenic system was also appropriately modified to operate the two crab cavity cryostats stably. This cryogenic system is described in this presentation. A calorimetric method to measure the Q-factors of the crab cavities is suggested, which employs an electric compensation heater in the cryostat, instead of the conventional method, which measures the descending rate of liquid helium level. Measurement results of the Q-factors of crab cavities after being assembled in the cryostat and after being installed into the KEKB accelerator are compared with the vertical test results.
The Crystal Structure of Unadducted Strontium bis-Tetramethylheptanedionate: The Standard Precursor for the MOCVD of Strontium-Containing Oxides (2000)

The molecular structure of unadducted [Sr(thd)2] is reported for the first time(see also cover). The molecule is shown to be trimeric with three six-coordinate Sr atoms, linked by six bridging thd ligands. A modification of the ligand exchange reaction that occurs during non-aqueous synthesis allows the preparation of unadducted precursor. The absence of extrinsic adducting donors or solvent ligands in the complex leads to more reproducible evaporation characteristics than in the commonly used adducted material.
Ultra-low range sidelobe pulse compression for satellite-borne rain radar (2002)

A modulation scheme is described for use with a satellite-borne rain radar, capable of achieving range sidelobes better than -60 dB over the whole of the relevant Doppler domain. Various factors concerning the digital generation and compression of the signal are discussed. It is concluded that adaptive compensation of phase and amplitude errors in the transmitter and receiver is likely to be necessary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mining expertise and interests from social media (2013)

The rising popularity of social media in the enterprise presents new opportunities for one of the organization's most important needs--expertise location. Social media data can be very useful for expertise mining due to the variety of existing applications, the rich metadata, and the diversity of user associations with content. In this work, we provide an extensive study that explores the use of social media to infer expertise within a large global organization. We examine eight different social media applications by evaluating the data they produce through a large user survey, with 670 enterprise social media users. We distinguish between two semantics that relate a user to a topic: expertise in the topic and interest in it and compare these two semantics across the different social media applications.
Using road IDs to enhance clustering in vehicular ad hoc networks (2015)

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) where vehicles act as mobile nodes is an instance of Mobile Ad hoc NET-works (MANETs), which are essentially developed for intelligent transportation systems. A challenging problem when designing communication protocols in VANETs is coping with high vehicle mobility, which causes frequent changes in the network topology and leads to frequent breaks in communication. The clustering technique is being developed to reduce the impact of mobility between neighboring vehicles. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Weighted Cluster Protocol for VANETs, which is a road map dependent and uses road IDs and movement direction in order to make the clusters structure as stable as possible. The experimental results reveal that AWCP outperforms four other most commonly used clustering protocols in terms of control packet overhead, the packet delivery ratio, and the average cluster lifetime, which are the most usual metrics used for comparing performance.
Water-Energy Nexus in Saudi Arabia (2017)

Water and energy systems have often been treated as separate "silo" systems over the entire pathway from production to consumption. However, their close interdependence requires some perspective of the water-energy nexus (WEN), especially in regions with very high water stresses combined with a myriad of rapid changes in resource production and consumption. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the interdependence of water and energy in Saudi Arabia, including collecting data to map out energy and water consumption across the Kingdom. By combining and cross-referencing numerous data sources, this work creates the first country-wide Sankey diagram describing the interdependence of water and energy use in the Kingdom, and provides the most comprehensive mapping of power plant type and size. Additionally, this work reviews the energy and water industries, including outlining trends in population, urbanization, natural gas, oil, electricity, desalination, water use in energy production, and energy use in water production. Overall, a clear pattern has emerged: converging trends of rapid population increases, dwindling water resources, and rapidly growing desalination means that water use must be one of the primary driver of resource planning in Saudi, and plans to shift energy production to reduce GHG emissions must include water needs.
Resynthesis and peephole transformations for the optimization of large-scale asynchronous systems (2002)

Several approaches have been proposed for the syntax-directed compilation of asynchronous circuits from high-level specification languages, such as Balsa and Tangram. Both compilers have been successfully used in large real-world applications; however, in practice, these methods suffer from significant performance overheads due to their reliance on straightforward syntax-directed translation. This paper introduces a powerful new set of transformations, and an extended channel-based language to support them, which can be used an optimizing back-end for Balsa. The transforms described in this paper fall into two categories: resynthesis and peephole. The proposed optimization techniques have been fully integrated into a comprehensive asynchronous CAD package, Balsa. Experimental results on several substantial design examples indicate significant performance improvements.
Finding intracellular lipid droplets from the single-cell biolens’ signature in a holographic flow-cytometry assay (2022)

In recent years, intracellular LDs have been discovered to play an important role in several pathologies. Therefore, detection of LDs would provide an in-demand diagnostic tool if coupled with flow-cytometry to give significant statistical analysis and especially if the diagnosis is made in full non-invasive mode. Here we combine the experimental results of in-flow tomographic phase microscopy with a suited numerical simulation to demonstrate that intracellular LDs can be easily detected through a label-free approach based on the direct analysis of the 2D quantitative phase maps recorded by a holographic flow cytometer. In fact, we demonstrate that the presence of LDs affects the optical focusing lensing features of the embracing cell, which can be considered a biological lens. The research was conducted on white blood cells (i.e., lymphocytes and monocytes) and ovarian cancer cells. Results show that the biolens properties of cells can be a rapid biomarker that aids in boosting the diagnosis of LDs-related pathologies by means of the holographic flow-cytometry assay for fast, non-destructive, and high-throughput screening of statistically significant number of cells.
OPTICAL SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION IN PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS (1964)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Robert C. Miller; OPTICAL SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION IN PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1 July 1964; 5 (1): 17–19. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754022 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Genotypic Interaction and Gender Specificity of Common Genetic Variants in the p53/mdm2 Network in Crohn’s Disease (2010)

We report on a gender-specific protective effect of the low-apoptotic SNP72 CC genotype, and a gender-unrestricted genotypic interaction between SNP309 TT and SNP72 CC, which, for the first time, links sequence variation of the p53/mdm2 network to CD, independent of NOD2/CARD15.
Identification of Irradiated Cashew Nut by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2008)

Cashew nut samples were irradiated at gamma-radiation doses of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 kGy, the permissible dose range for insect disinfestation of food commodities. A weak and short-lived triplet (g = 2.004 and hfcc = 30 G) along with an anisotropic signal (g perpendicular = 2.0069 and g parallel = 2.000) were produced immediately after irradiation. These signals were assigned to that of cellulose and CO 2 (-) radicals. However, the irradiated samples showed a dose-dependent increase of the central line (g = 2.0045 +/- 0.0002). The nature of the free radicals formed during conventional processing such as thermal treatment was investigated and showed an increase in intensity of the central line (g = 2.0045) similar to that of irradiation. Characteristics of the free radicals were studied by their relaxation and thermal behaviors. The present work explores the possibility to identify irradiated cashew nuts from nonirradiated ones by the thermal behaviors of the radicals beyond the period, when the characteristic electron paramagnetic resonance spectral lines of the cellulose free radicals have essentially disappeared. In addition, this study for the first time reports that relaxation behavior of the radicals could be a useful tool to distinguish between roasted and irradiated cashew nuts.
The Application of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy to Corrosion Research (2017)

Since its inception in 1989, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has been used to investigate the localized corrosion of systems with high spatial and temporal resolution. This includes but is not limited to a study of pitting initiation and propagation, surface microstructure, and electron transfer kinetics. The effectiveness of various protection schemes including coatings, inhibitors, and treatments has also been assessed. A comprehensive review of corrosion papers involving SECM from 1993 to present has been compiled with works broken down according to the metal and protection strategy used.
Protein Kinase A Dependent Phosphorylation of Apical Membrane Antigen 1 Plays an Important Role in Erythrocyte Invasion by the Malaria Parasite (2010)

Apicomplexan parasites are obligate intracellular parasites that infect a variety of hosts, causing significant diseases in livestock and humans. The invasive forms of the parasites invade their host cells by gliding motility, an active process driven by parasite adhesion proteins and molecular motors. A crucial point during host cell invasion is the formation of a ring-shaped area of intimate contact between the parasite and the host known as a tight junction. As the invasive zoite propels itself into the host-cell, the junction moves down the length of the parasite. This process must be tightly regulated and signalling is likely to play a role in this event. One crucial protein for tight-junction formation is the apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1). Here we have investigated the phosphorylation status of this key player in the invasion process in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We show that the cytoplasmic tail of P. falciparum AMA1 is phosphorylated at serine 610. We provide evidence that the enzyme responsible for serine 610 phosphorylation is the cAMP regulated protein kinase A (PfPKA). Importantly, mutation of AMA1 serine 610 to alanine abrogates phosphorylation of AMA1 in vivo and dramatically impedes invasion. In addition to shedding unexpected new light on AMA1 function, this work represents the first time PKA has been implicated in merozoite invasion.
Mass spectrometry to complement standardization of house dust mite and other complex allergenic extracts (2017)

In the United States, the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research of the US Food and Drug Administration regulates biologics used for diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. The Code of Federal Regulations 21CFR680.3(e) states that when measured, the potency of an allergenic extract is assessed according to its allergenic activity. As of 2016, 19 allergenic extracts are standardized for potency in the United States. While these standardized extracts constitute a minority of those available, they treat the most prevalent allergies (e.g. grass and ragweed pollens, dust mites, and cat) and those that induce life-threatening anaphylaxis (e.g. Hymenoptera venom). Standardization for potency enhances safety and efficacy of immunotherapy by minimizing the risks of variations in allergen dosing when switching from one lot of manufactured extract to another, and by providing an objective measure of stability of each lot of allergenic extract over time. Allergenic extracts that have multiple immunodominant allergenic proteins are standardized with little or no information about compositional differences among extracts. Here, we propose application of mass spectrometry towards measurement of compositional differences among extracts that may affect the efficacy and safety of allergen immunotherapy. In addition, we discuss of house dust mite allergen extracts as a prototypical complex extract that may be standardized by mass spectrometry.
Power requirements of resistance-heated intermetallic evaporation sources (1974)

There is a need in the metallizing industry for a rapid method, based on sound theory, for determining the voltage and current requirements for the operation of resistance-heated intermetallic aluminum evaporation boats. This paper shows how these power requirements can be adequately predicted in terms of operating temperature, two partially reduced dimensional parameters and the resistivity of the composite material. A solution of the total heat-flow equation for a model situation with appropriate simplifications and assumptions is presented. Experimental data are fitted to this simplified equation and the resultant calculated data are presented in graphical form suitable for generating computer tabulated data for all possible boat geometries and resistivities of Sylvania Intermetallic Composites ♯17 or ♯18.
Novel approaches to diagnosis and management of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (2022)

Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a severe, adult-onset autosomal dominant inherited systemic disease predominantly affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system, heart, kidney and the eyes. ATTRv is caused by mutations of the transthyretin (TTR) gene, leading to extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in multiple organs including the peripheral nervous system. Typically, the neuropathy associated with ATTRv is characterised by a rapidly progressive and disabling sensorimotor axonal neuropathy with early small-fibre involvement. Carpal tunnel syndrome and cardiac dysfunction frequently coexist as part of the ATTRv phenotype. Although awareness of ATTRv polyneuropathy among neurologists has increased, the rate of misdiagnosis remains high, resulting in significant diagnostic delays and accrued disability. A timely and definitive diagnosis is important, given the emergence of effective therapies which have revolutionised the management of transthyretin amyloidosis. TTR protein stabilisers diflunisal and tafamidis can delay the progression of the disease, if treated early in the course. Additionally, TTR gene silencing medications, patisiran and inotersen, have resulted in up to 80% reduction in TTR production, leading to stabilisation or slight improvement of peripheral neuropathy and cardiac dysfunction, as well as improvement in quality of life and functional outcomes. The considerable therapeutic advances have raised additional challenges, including optimisation of diagnostic techniques and management approaches in ATTRv neuropathy. This review highlights the key advances in the diagnostic techniques, current and emerging management strategies, and biomarker development for disease progression in ATTRv.