gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Patient with Melanoma that Became Sensitized to Immunotherapy After Treatment with a CDK4/6 Inhibitor (2020)

<b>Background:</b> Despite the profound effect that checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors have had on survival in patients with metastatic melanoma, treatment options remain limited for those who demonstrate poor response or develop resistance to these modalities. The prospect of tumor sensitization to these treatments is therefore an attractive one. <b>Results:</b> We describe the case of a patient who developed a sustained response to trametinib and pembrolizumab, despite prior resistance to both these therapies, after receiving treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor. <b>Discussion:</b> We further outline the preclinical data supporting a possible role for the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in tumor sensitization to immunotherapy.
An Information-Theoretic Security Evaluation of a Class of Randomized Encryption Schemes (2014)

Randomized encryption techniques, where randomness is used for security enhancement, are considered. We focus on the case where the encrypted data experiences noise, e.g., is transmitted over a noisy channel, within the encoding-encryption paradigm, where the data is first encoded for error correction, before being encrypted for security. We assume that the ciphertext is subject to a corruption equivalent to its transmission through a binary symmetric channel with known probability of error. The enhanced security is based on a dedicated wire-tap channel coding that introduces extra randomness, combined with that of the communication channel noise. The encryption is based on a block-by-block modulo 2 addition between an encoded message vector and a pseudorandom vector. The goal is to enhance the protection of the secret key employed in the encryption algorithm. Security evaluations of the model are performed employing an information-theoretic approach. Assuming both a passive and an active attacker, we show that there is a threshold before which the wire-tap encoder guarantees an information-theoretic security (during which the equivocation of the secret key is increased), and after which the uncertainty reduces, entering a regime in which a computational security analysis is needed for estimating the complexity resistance against the secret key recovery.
Liquid-Phase Etherification/Dimerization of Isobutene over Sulfonic Acid Resins (1997)

Simultaneous isobutene etherification/dimerization reactions have been studied in the liquid phase using macroporous sulfonic acid resins. It has been found that, in the presence of methanol, oligomerization to species heavier than dimers may be greatly reduced with respect to data reported in the literature for isobutene dimerization. Products of the described synthesis are MTBE and a mixture of branched C8 hydrocarbons having excellent properties for gasoline blending. These two products may be obtained in a wide range of relative ratios. The influence of methanol (i.e., methanol/isobutene molar ratio), feedstock type, and reactor design on product composition and byproducts formation is discussed.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway Induces Urothelial Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis: Identification in Human Tumors and Confirmation in Animal Models (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway Induces Urothelial Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis: Identification in Human Tumors and Confirmation in Animal Models
Amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder (2022)

Alterations in the structural maturation of the amygdala subnuclei volumes are associated with anxiety behaviors in adults and children with neurodevelopmental and associated disorders. This study investigated the relationship between amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety in 233 children and adolescents (mean age = 11.02 years; standard deviation = 3.17) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and children with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), as well as typically developing (TD) children. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the children underwent structural MRI at 3 T. FreeSurfer software was used to automatically segment the amygdala subnuclei. A general linear model revealed that children and adolescents with ASD, ADHD, and OCD had higher anxiety scores compared to TD children (p < .001). A subsequent interaction analysis revealed that children with ASD (B = 0.09, p < .0001) and children with OCD (B = 0.1, p < .0001) who had high anxiety had larger right central nuclei volumes compared with TD children. Similar results were obtained for the right anterior amygdaloid area. Amygdala subnuclei volumes may be key to identifying children with neurodevelopmental disorders or those with OCD who are at high risk for anxiety. Findings may inform the development of targeted behavioral interventions to address anxiety behaviors and to assess the downstream effects of such interventions.
Laser welding for plastic components (2002)

The latest developments in the use of lasers for welding plastics are reviewed. Lasers were demonstrated as being suitable for welding plastics in 1970. However, it is only now that they are finding wide application following technical developments in transmission laser welding and ClearWeld™, and the availability of small, economic diode laser systems.
A Variational Approach for Shapes Registration Using Vector Maps (2006)

The main focus of this paper is the shape representation and registration using vector level set functions. This powerful representation is more flexible than conventional signed distance level sets since it enables us to control the shapes registration process by using more complicated transforms. Based on this model, a variational frame work is proposed for the rigid and non-rigid registration of shapes which can be extended to the higher dimensional case in a straightforward manner and also does not need any point correspondences. The optimization criterion presented can handle efficiently both the rigid and the non-rigid operations together. Experimental results in 2D for real shapes registration are discussed to show the efficiency of the approach with small and large global deformations of shapes.
Parameters of the complete blood count predict in hospital mortality (2021)

The commonly available parameters of the CBC predict in-hospital mortality. Addition of the proportions of hypochromic red cells, macrocytic red cells, and large unstained cells may improve the predictive value of the CBC.
The quasi-metric of complexity convergence (2000)

For any weightable quasi-metric space (X, d) having a maximum with respect to the associated order ≤ d , the notion of the quasi-metric of complexity convergence on the the function space (equivalently, the space of sequences) Xω , is introduced and studied. We observe that its induced quasi-uniformity is finer than the quasi-uniformity of pointwise convergence and weaker than the quasi-uniformity of uniform convergence. We show that it coincides with the quasi-uniformity of pointwise convergence if and only if the quasi-metric space (X, d) is bounded and it coincides with the quasi-uniformity of uniform convergence if and only if X is a singleton. We also investigate completeness of the quasi-metric of complexity convergence. Finally, we obtain versions of the celebrated Grothendieck theorem in this context.
Similarity Search and Locality Sensitive Hashing using Ternary Content Addressable Memories (2010)

Similarity search methods are widely used as kernels in various data mining and machine learning applications including those in computational biology, web search/clustering. Nearest neighbor search (NNS) algorithms are often used to retrieve similar entries, given a query. While there exist efficient techniques for exact query lookup using hashing, similarity search using exact nearest neighbors suffers from a curse of dimensionality, i.e. for high dimensional spaces, best known solutions offer little improvement over brute force search and thus are unsuitable for large scale streaming applications. Fast solutions to the approximate NNS problem include Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) based techniques, which need storage polynomial in n with exponent greater than 1, and query time sublinear, but still polynomial in n, where n is the size of the database. In this work we present a new technique of solving the approximate NNS problem in Euclidean space using a Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM), which needs near linear space and has O(1) query time. In fact, this method also works around the best known lower bounds in the cell probe model for the query time using a data structure near linear in the size of the data base. TCAMs are high performance associative memories widely used in networking applications such as address lookups and access control lists. A TCAM can query for a bit vector within a database of ternary vectors, where every bit position represents 0, 1 or *. The * is a wild card representing either a 0 or a 1. We leverage TCAMs to design a variant of LSH, called Ternary Locality Sensitive Hashing (TLSH) wherein we hash database entries represented by vectors in the Euclidean space into {0,1,*}. By using the added functionality of a TLSH scheme with respect to the * character, we solve an instance of the approximate nearest neighbor problem with 1 TCAM access and storage nearly linear in the size of the database. We validate our claims with extensive simulations using both real world (Wikipedia) as well as synthetic (but illustrative) datasets. We observe that using a TCAM of width 288 bits, it is possible to solve the approximate NNS problem on a database of size 1 million points with high accuracy. Finally, we design an experiment with TCAMs within an enterprise ethernet switch (Cisco Catalyst 4500) to validate that TLSH can be used to perform 1.5 million queries per second per 1Gb/s port. We believe that this work can open new avenues in very high speed data mining.
Initiation of free radical polymerization by thermal cleavage of carbon‐carbon bonds (1996)

Abstract Free carbon radicals for initiation of polymerization processes can be generated either by light‐induced fragmentation or by homolytic thermal dissociation of suitable compounds. For thermal initiation of polymerization processes beside azo, peroxy and some other thermolabile compounds also alkanes with highly substituted carbon‐carbon bonds are capable. The reason why this interesting class of initiators, even more than 100 years after their discovery, has found only limited applications in radical polymerization is caused by their special mechanism of chain reaction initiation. The formed and in most cases highly resonance‐stabilized substituted alkyl radicals are not very reactive against monomers like methyl methacrylate or styrene but more against growing macroradicals. Therefore, during the initiation step at rather high primary radical concentrations only low‐molecular oligomers with two alkane end groups are formed. Under special conditions this process is reversible, whereas in some other cases the reaction can be described as a “dead end” polymerization. The oligomers which were formed e.g. in the case of methyl methacrylate polymerization with tetraaryl butane dinitriles are able to re‐initiate the polymerization process similar as in a living polymerization which can be used for the synthesis of block copolymers. Mechanism, kinetics and possible applications of such alkane‐initiated polymerizations are discussed.
The Cross‐Section of Volatility and Expected Returns (2006)

ABSTRACT We examine the pricing of aggregate volatility risk in the cross‐section of stock returns. Consistent with theory, we find that stocks with high sensitivities to innovations in aggregate volatility have low average returns. Stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility relative to the Fama and French (1993, Journal of Financial Economics 25, 2349) model have abysmally low average returns. This phenomenon cannot be explained by exposure to aggregate volatility risk. Size, book‐to‐market, momentum, and liquidity effects cannot account for either the low average returns earned by stocks with high exposure to systematic volatility risk or for the low average returns of stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility.
PowerModels.jl a Brief Introduction (2017)

This is a description of powermodels.jl for power network optimization.
Assessment of Hexavalent Chromium Natural Attenuation for the Hanford Site 100 Area (2015)

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) plumes are present in the 100 Area at the Hanford Site. Remediation efforts are under way with objectives of restoring the groundwater to meet the drinking-water standard (48 µg/L) and protecting the Columbia River by ensuring that discharge of groundwater to the river is below the surface-water quality standard (10 µg/L). Current remedies include application of Pump-and-Treat (P&T) at the 100-D, 100-H, and 100-K Areas and Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) at the 100-F/IU Area. Remedy selection is still under way at the other 100 Areas. Additional information about the natural attenuation processes for Cr(VI) is important in all of these cases. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to demonstrate and quantify natural attenuation mechanisms using 100 Area sediments and groundwater conditions.
The Oncogenic Palmitoyl-Protein Network in Prostate Cancer (2011)

Abstract : Epidemiologica l data indicate that cholesterol-lowering pharmacotherapy, primarily HGM-CoA-reductase inhibitors (status), reduce the risk of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa). The FDA-approved anti obesity drug, Ortistat, which inhibits the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN), has been shown to slow the growth of human prostate tumors in mice. Despite these advances, studies of lipid metabolism in PCa have lagged behind other areas of research on cell signaling, and limited information is available about how these promising preclinical and clinical data might be leveraged to improve patient outcomes. Our hypothesis is that PCa progression is dependent on a palmitoyl-protein network regulated by FASN. We predict that the activity of this network can be suppressed by reducing levels of circulating cholesterol. Specific Aims: We will challenge this hypothesis with the following specific A; Identify critical palmitoyl-proteins in the FASN subnetwork.
Double wire technique for additional guiding catheter support in anomalous left circumflex coronary artery angioplasty (1991)

This case report presents an example of the use of the double wire technique for additional guiding catheter bracing support in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of a stenosis in an anomalous circumflex (CX) artery arising within the ostium of the right coronary artery (RCA). It illustrates the ease of this technique in comparison to conventional guiding catheter cannulation, which may be more difficult and yield poor backup support in this unusual anatomic situation.
‘Gulfcrimson’ Peach (2008)

Experiment Station. The ''Gulf'' prefix indicates this variety was developed for the lower coastal plain, which is largely the Gulf of Mexico region, but also includes a small portion of
Intraoral administration of a T‐cell epitope peptide induces immunological tolerance in Cry j 2‐sensitized mice (2007)

Abstract Sublingual immunotherapy using allergen‐derived peptides is feasible as a novel specific immunotherapy, but its efficacy has not yet been demonstrated in either humans or animals. In addition, it remains obscure whether the oral immune system is involved in the mechanism of sublingual immunotherapy. Here, we show that the intraoral administration of the T‐cell epitope peptide P2‐246‐259 derived from Cry j 2, a major Japanese cedar ( Cryptomeria japonica ) pollen allergen, to Cry j 2‐sensitized mice induces immunological tolerance, and that ex vivo lymph node cell proliferation to P2‐246‐259 and Cry j 2 was inhibited. In addition, intraoral administration was shown to be superior to intragastric administration in terms of tolerance induction, suggesting that the oral immune system contributes to the induction of immunological tolerance. Therefore, the significant efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy using a peptide on allergen‐specific T‐cells was demonstrated in animals, and this may be potentiated by the oral mucosal immune system. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Herbicidal Properties of Aryltriazolinones. A New Class of Pre‐ and Postemergence Herbicides (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evidence that 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaric acid promotes lipid and protein oxidative damage and reduces the nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses in rat cerebral cortex (2007)

In the present work we investigated the in vitro effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate (HMG) that accumulates in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency (HMGLD) on important parameters of oxidative stress in rat cerebral cortex. It was observed that HMG induced lipid peroxidation by significantly increasing chemiluminescence and levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS). This effect was prevented by the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol, melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, and superoxide dismutase plus catalase, suggesting that free radicals were involved in the lipid oxidative damage. On the other hand, HMG did not change TBA-RS levels in intact or disrupted mitochondrial preparations, indicating that generation of oxidants by this organic acid was dependent on cytosolic mechanisms. HMG also induced protein oxidative damage in cortical supernatants, which was reflected by increased carbonyl content and sulfhydryl oxidation. Furthermore, HMG significantly reduced the nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses total-radical trapping antioxidant potential, total antioxidant reactivity, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in rat cerebral cortex. HMG-induced GSH reduction was totally blocked by melatonin pretreatment. We also verified that the decrease of GSH levels provoked by HMG in cortical supernatants was not due to a direct oxidative effect of this organic acid, because exposition of commercial GSH and purified membrane protein-bound thiol groups to HMG in the absence of cortical supernatants did not decrease the reduced sulfhydryl groups. Finally, the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes were not altered by HMG exposure. Our data indicate that oxidative stress elicited in vitro by HMG may possibly contribute at least in part to the pathophysiology of the brain injury in HMGLD.
Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate: Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial for Treatment of Breakthrough Pain in Cancer Patients (1998)

OTFC appears effective in the treatment of cancer-related breakthrough pain.
Dynamic Load Balancing of Samr Applications on Distributed Systems (2002)

Dynamic load balancing(DLB) for parallel systems has been studied extensively; however, DLB for distributed systems is relatively new. To efficiently utilize computing resources provided by distributed systems, an underlying DLB scheme must address both heterogeneous and dynamic features of distributed systems. In this paper, we propose a DLB scheme for Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement(SAMR) applications on distributed systems. While the proposed scheme can take into consideration (1) the heterogeneity of processors and (2) the heterogeneity and dynamic load of the networks, the focus of this paper is on the latter. The load‐balancing processes are divided into two phases: global load balancing and local load balancing. We also provide a heuristic method to evaluate the computational gain and redistribution cost for global redistribution. Experiments show that by using our distributed DLB scheme, the execution time can be reduced by 9%‐ to using parallel DLB scheme which does not consider the heterogeneous and dynamic features of distributed systems.
183 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increases the Risk of Secondary Polycythemia in Hypogonadal Men Receiving Testosterone Replacement Therapy (2020)

Polycythemia (erythrocytosis) is a known complication of testosterone (T) replacement therapy (TRT) and has been shown to correlate with T levels. There is also a well-established association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the development of polycythemia. Little is known, however, about the interplay between these conditions and whether TRT and OSA may be synergistic in the development of secondary polycythemia, which has been shown to confer additional long-term morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to retrospectively assess the incidence of OSA in a population of hypogonadal men receiving TRT with or without polycythemia. We performed a retrospective chart review of all men seen by a single subspecialized urologist at our institution between 2010 and 2019 for the diagnosis of hypogonadism (ICD-10 codes E29.1, E23.0, E34.9). Men without complete laboratory workup and whose hormonal treatment was managed primarily by another provider were excluded. Consistent with prior literature, any patient with a Hct of 52% or greater was classified as polycythemic. Basic demographics, lab values, treatment details, and comorbidities were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Data reported as mean ± SD for parametric variables and median [IQR] for nonparametric values as determined by Shapiro Wilk test.
Randomized Phase III Trial of Whole-Abdominal Irradiation Versus Doxorubicin and Cisplatin Chemotherapy in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (2005)

Chemotherapy with AP significantly improved progression-free and overall survival compared with WAI. Nevertheless, further advances in efficacy and reduction in toxicity are clearly needed.
Thomas Middleton, "náš druhý Shakespeare"? (Thomas Middleton, "our other Shakespeare"?) (2008)

A review of the edition of Thomas Middleton's Works, with an introduction to Middleton in the context of Elizabethan drama.
Designing for Spatial Orientation in Endoscopic Environments (2001)

Disorientation or “getting lost” in colonoscopy is common experience even for expert endoscopists. This paper describes a new navigational aid display concept for colonoscopy and presents results of an experiment conducted to evaluate the usefulness of various types of spatial information for supporting navigation and spatial orientation in colonoscopy. Six combinations of 1) direction, 2) location, and 3) shape information were tested. Results show that even though the new navigational aid display concept did not improve navigation performance, spatial orientation error and workload were reduced significantly. This new navigational aid display which provides shape combined with location and direction information in a perspective view and in real time is a useful tool for colonoscopy.