gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Auxin and Brassinosteroid in Dwarfism of Autotetraploid Apple (Malus × domestica) (2016)

The plant height is an important trait in fruit tree. However, the molecular mechanism on dwarfism is still poorly understood. We found that colchicine-induced autotetraploid apple plants (Malus × domestica) exhibited a dwarf phenotype. The vertical length of cortical parenchyma cells was shorter in autotetraploids than in diploids, by observing paraffin sections. Hormone levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and brassinosteroid (BR) were significantly decreased in 3- and 5-year-old autotetraploid plants. Digital gene expression (DGE) analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in IAA and BR pathways. microRNA390 was significantly upregulated according to microarray analysis. Exogenous application of IAA and BR promoted stem elongation of both apple plants grown in medium. The results show that dwarfing in autotetraploid apple plants is most likely regulated by IAA and BR. The dwarf phenotype of autotetraploid apple plants could be due to accumulation of miR390 after genome doubling, leading to upregulation of apple trans-acting short-interfering RNA 3 (MdTAS3) expression, which in turn downregulates the expression of MdARF3. Overall, this leads to partial interruption of the IAA and BR signal transduction pathway. Our study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying dwarfism in autopolyploid apple plants.
Binding interactions between the host cucurbit[7]uril and dendrimer guests containing a single ferrocenyl residue (2005)

The stability of the inclusion complexes formed between the host cucurbit[7]uril and dendrimers containing a single ferrocene residue is strongly affected by the solution pH and the growth of the dendrimer, reaching its highest values on the second and third generation dendrimers, whereas no complex is formed with the first generation compound.
Does Technical Failure of Revascularization during Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Predict Severity of Poststernotomy Mediastinitis? (2004)

Technical failures of revascularization during CABG may delay recovery from PSM.
Emergent remote stress-focusing drive submucosal collagen fiber remodeling in intestinal anastomotic surgery (2022)

Following resection of a diseased segment of intestine, a reconnection (anastomotic) geometry is chosen to reduce postoperative stress and optimize outcomes. As proper healing of an intestinal anastomosis is strongly affected by its mechanobiology, much attention has been devoted to the conical structures formed along the suture lines, where stress-focusing is expected. However, geometric considerations reveal that in addition to the obvious loci of stress-focusing, additional remote locations of stress-focusing may form. We identify conical structures that inevitably form within regions of otherwise uninterrupted tissue. In this work we use geometric analysis, finite element modeling (FEM), and in-vivo experiments to investigate these emergent stress-focusing structures, their mechanical stresses, and the resulting submucosal collagen fiber re-orientation, as these naturally arise in the side-to-side small bowel anastomosis (SBA), the most common configuration performed in patients. FEM predicts the appearance of remote high-stress regions. Allowing for tissue remodeling, our simulations also predict an increased dispersion of submucosal collagen fibers in these regions. In-vivo experiments performed on ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice assigned the creation of side-to-side SBA or sham-laparotomy corroborate this result. Anastomoses were analyzed at sacrifice on post-operative day (POD) 14 and 88 with histologic-sectioning, staining, high magnification imaging, and submucosal collagen fiber orientation ( κ ) mapping. The mean and variance of κ , a measure of collagen fiber dispersion, at POD-14 far from the anastomosis show similar values to those obtained for sham-operated mice, while the FEM-predicted loci of stress-focusing display statistically significant higher values. The values at POD-88 at all loci show no statistically-significant difference, and agree with those of the sham-operated mice at POD-14.
cis-trans ISOMERISM IN CYCLOPENTENE DERIVATIVES (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTcis-trans ISOMERISM IN CYCLOPENTENE DERIVATIVESA. T. BLOMQUIST and W. G. MAYESCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1945, 10, 2, 134–140Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01178a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01178a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-Activity Cobalt Catalysts for Alkene Hydroboration with Electronically Responsive Terpyridine and α-Diimine Ligands (2014)

Cobalt alkyl complexes bearing readily available and redox-active 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine and α-diimine ligands have been synthesized, and their electronic structures have been elucidated. In each case, the supporting chelate is reduced to the monoanionic, radical form that is engaged in antiferromagnetic coupling with the cobalt(II) center. Both classes of cobalt alkyls proved to be effective for the isomerization–hydroboration of sterically hindered alkenes. An α-diimine-substituted cobalt allyl complex proved exceptionally active for the reduction of hindered tri-, tetra-, and geminally substituted alkenes, representing one of the most active homogeneous catalysts known for hydroboration. With limonene, formation of an η3-allyl complex with a C–H agostic interaction was identified and accounts for the sluggish reactivity observed with diene substrates. For the terpyridine derivative, unique Markovnikov selectivity with styrene was also observed with HBPin.
Shape properties of forced oscillations (2016)

The recent advent of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) and their associated networks has revealed that forced oscillations are a common occurrence in synchronized power systems. Forced oscillations are not be confused with electromechanical oscillations. Forced oscillations are typically caused by some rouge input driving the system into a sustained oscillation. An example is an ill-operating power-plant steam valve oscillating in a limit-cycle. While the existence of forced oscillations has been recognized for many decades, their dynamical impact on the system is not well established. This paper expands on the current knowledge by proposing a dynamic model for forced oscillations and uses this model to explore how the forced oscillations are perceived throughout the system. Specifically, we introduce the concept of “forced-oscillation shape” and examine how this shape interacts with the modal dynamics of a power system. We use simulation examples to demonstrate key points.
Data from Host Age Is a Systemic Regulator of Gene Expression Impacting Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Aging is the major determinant of cancer incidence, which, in turn, is likely dictated in large part by processes that influence the progression of early subclinical (occult) cancers. However, there is little understanding of how aging informs changes in aggregate host signaling that favor cancer progression. In this study, we provide direct evidence that aging can serve as an organizing axis to define cancer progression-modulating processes. As a model system to explore this concept, we employed adolescent (68 days), young adult (143 days), middle-aged (551 days), and old (736 days) C57BL/6 mice as syngeneic hosts for engraftment of Lewis lung cancer to identify signaling and functional processes varying with host age. Older hosts exhibited dysregulated angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis, all of which are associated with cancer progression. TGFβ1, a central player in these systemic processes, was downregulated consistently in older hosts. Our findings directly supported the conclusion of a strong host age dependence in determining the host tumor control dynamic. Furthermore, our results offer initial mechanism-based insights into how aging modulates tumor progression in ways that may be actionable for therapy or prevention. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 75(6); 1134–43. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Infrared diffractive filtering for extreme ultraviolet multilayer Bragg reflectors (2013)

We report on the development of a hybrid mirror realized by integrating an EUV-reflecting multilayer coating with a lamellar grating substrate. This hybrid mirror acts as an efficient Bragg reflector for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation at a given wavelength while simultaneously providing spectral-selective suppression of the specular reflectance for unwanted longer-wavelength radiation due to the grating phase-shift resonance. The test structures, designed to suppress infrared (IR) radiation, were fabricated by masked deposition of a Si grating substrate followed by coating of the grating with a Mo/Si multilayer. To give the proof of principle, we developed such a hybrid mirror for the specific case of reflecting 13.5 nm radiation while suppressing 10 μm light, resulting in 61% reflectance at the wavelength of 13.5 nm together with the 70 × suppression rate of the specular reflection at the wavelength of 10 μm, but the considered filtering principle can be used for a variety of applications that are based on utilization of broadband radiation sources.
Improved Synthesis of an Energetic Material, 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine Exploiting 1-Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane (2000)

Expeditious synthesis of 1-nitroso-3-nitroazetidine (6), a useful key intermediate for the synthesis of 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (4), was investigated by using 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane(3) and NaNO 2 in the presence of some acids.The most efficient method was achieved in 26% yield by treatment of 3 with NaNO 2 in the presence of H 2 SO 4 .Conversion of 6 into 4 was also carried out.1-Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butaneshave been characterized to be highly strained bicyclic structures. 1 Since the first report of the synthesis and reactivity of these compounds, little attention has been paid to the unusual ring system. 2 Specifically, the synthetic utility of 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane(3), which must be expected to be useful for the preparation of various 1,3-disubstituted and 3-monosubstituted azetidines, has scarcely reported because of its synthetic difficulty due to the remarkably strained structure. 1-3In the meantime, the usefulness of the compound (3) and its related compound as a key intermediate in the synthesis of a particular compound, 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ, 4) was reported. 4TNAZ (4) has been noteworthy from the viewpoint of a new important energetic material involving numerous applications to the explosive and propellant technology. 5Hence, efficient and environmentally benign methods for the large-scale synthesis of TNAZ (4) have been required. 6Although there have been several reports for the synthesis of TNAZ (4), its preparation exploiting a highly strained molecule (3) seems to be a quite elegant method. 4,7However, the earlier methods using 3 resulted in the very poor yields of TNAZ (4) or of its synthetic intermediate. 4Recently, we have developed a new efficient procedure for the synthesis of
A fast algorithm for template pattern matching based on probability of occurrence of subpatterns (1985)

Abstract The template matching method is utilized in the document information processing and industrial visio n. It is a method to extract from the given image patterns similar to the specified patter n. With the increase of the size of the image and the kinds of template patterns, however, the high‐speed realization of the method becomes a proble m. In this paper, a new high‐speed pattern matching method is described for the binary image, based on the sequential similarity detection algorithm (SSDA), which is known as a means of high‐speed realizatio n. In the first part, the expected computation time by SSDA is calculated using the occurrence probability of the subpattern in the templat e. Then a method is proposed in which the order of pixel comparison is determined based on the occurrence probability of the blockwise subpatterns in the given image .A detailed discussion is made for the case where no matching error is permitted in the metho d. The method is applied to the case of two‐dimensional IC chip pattern, indicating the effectiveness of the method in the high ‐speed realization of the pattern matching.
Primary malignant melanoma of the ovary arising in a cystic teratoma; case report and review of the literature (2014)

Primary malignant melanoma of the ovary arising in a cystic teratoma is extremely rare. There is no melanocytic component in the normal ovarian tissue. However, melanocytes may be present in a cystic teratoma of the ovary, especially at the basal layer of squamous epithelium. We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the ovary arising in a cystic teratoma. We demonstrate junctional activity of melanocytes showing malignant transformation with both radial and vertical growth phases, a feature diagnostic for primary malignant melanoma but not always demonstrated in such cases. We compiled and reviewed twelve cases that are also able to demonstrate junctional activity.
Video Testing in a DTV World (2000)

This paper describes the digital television system, its elements, and appropriate methods of video testing. A layered approach is defined including video, protocol, and transmission channel testing. With today's use of video compression there is still a need for traditional analog and full bandwidth digital testing methods. Compression systems require objective picture quality measurements of distortions caused by its nonlinear and time-variant digital processing. Test method terms such as in-service and realtime are defined for both video and protocol testing. The three internationally accepted system approaches to objective picture quality testing are discussed including the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Color in "tungsten trioxide" thin films (1977)

We show that evaporated tungsten trioxide amorphous layers commonly used in electrochromic displays actually have the composition WO2.7Hy (0.2&amp;lt;y&amp;lt;0.5). We emphasize that coloration of virgin transparent films can be obtained without injection of any external ion into the layer, and further that around a critical substoichiometry by sputtering, namely, WO2.5, one can prepare blue virgin layers without any hydrogen. The effect of substoichiometry on the valence of tungsten atoms has been followed by XPS measurements of sputtered layers.
The Just-Noticeable Difference in Speech-to-Noise Ratio (2015)

Just-noticeable differences (JNDs) have been measured for various features of sounds, but despite its importance to communication, there is no benchmark for what is a just-noticeable-and possibly meaningful-difference in speech-to-noise ratio (SNR). SNR plays a crucial role in speech communication for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Difficulty hearing speech in background noise-a poor SNR-often leads to dissatisfaction with hearing-assistance devices. While such devices attempt through various strategies to address this problem, it is not currently known how much improvement in SNR is needed to provide a noticeable benefit. To investigate what is a noticeable benefit, we measured the JND in SNR for both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Here, we report the SNR JNDs of 69 participants of varying hearing ability, estimated using either an adaptive or fixed-level procedure. The task was to judge which of the two intervals containing a sentence in speech-spectrum noise presented over headphones was clearer. The level of each interval was roved to reduce the influence of absolute level cues. The results of both procedures showed an average SNR JND of 3 dB that was independent of hearing ability. Further experiments using a subset of normal-hearing listeners showed that level roving does elevate threshold. These results suggest that noise reduction schemes may need to achieve a benefit greater than 3 dB to be reliably discriminable.
Loading time scheduling problem (1995)

In this paper we study precedence constrained scheduling problems, where the tasks can only be executed on a specified subset of the machines. Each machine has a loading time that is incurred only for the first task that is scheduled on the machine in a particular run. This basic scheduling problem arises in the context of machining on numerically controlled machines, query optimization in databases, and in other artificial intelligence applications. We give the first non-trivial approximation algorithm for this problem. We also prove non-trivial lower bounds on best possible approximation ratios for these problems. These improve on the non-approximability results that are implied by the non-approximability results for the shortest common supersequence problem. We use the same algorithmic technique to obtain approximation algorithms for a problem arising in the context of code generation for parallel machines, and for the weighted shortest common supersequence problem. 1 Introduction...
Reduced-Conflict Objects. (1998)

The limitations of rational models of ethical decision making and the importance of nurses' human involvement as moral agents is increasingly being emphasized in the nursing literature. However, little is known about how nurses involve themselves in ethical decision making and action or about educational processes that support such practice. A recent study that examined the meaning and enactment of ethical nursing practice for three groups of nurses (nurses in direct care positions, student nurses, and nurses in advanced practice positions) highlighted that humanly involved ethical nursing practice is also simultaneously a personal process and a socially mediated one. Of particular significance was the way in which differing role expectations and contexts shaped the nurses' ethical practice. The study findings pointed to types of educative experiences that may help nurses to develop the knowledge and ability to live in and navigate their way through the complex, ambiguous and shifting terrain of ethical nursing practice.
Discriminative Batch Mode Active Learning (2007)

Active learning sequentially selects unlabeled instances to label with the goal of reducing the effort needed to learn a good classifier. Most previous studies in active learning have focused on selecting one unlabeled instance to label at a time while retraining in each iteration. Recently a few batch mode active learning approaches have been proposed that select a set of most informative unlabeled instances in each iteration under the guidance of heuristic scores. In this paper, we propose a discriminative batch mode active learning approach that formulates the instance selection task as a continuous optimization problem over auxiliary instance selection variables. The optimization is formulated to maximize the discriminative classification performance of the target classifier, while also taking the unlabeled data into account. Although the objective is not convex, we can manipulate a quasi-Newton method to obtain a good local solution. Our empirical studies on UCI datasets show that the proposed active learning is more effective than current state-of-the art batch mode active learning algorithms. 1
Survey of Hepatitis B and C Among Employees of University of Sindh, Pakistan; Focus on Risk Factors and Lack of Treatment Due to Low Socio-Economic Status (2019)

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are spreading fast in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. HBV and HCV are highly contagious
viruses and their spread is increasing in low income societies. This study was carried  out  among  employees  of  University  of  Sindh,  Jamshoro,  Pakistan.
Qualitative tests for HBV and HCV infections were performed on 350 consenting non officer cadre employees (BPS-2 to BPS-7) in the staff canteen and laboratories of physics, chemistry, biochemistry, biotechnology, microbiology, environmental chemistry, information technology, physiology, geology and staff canteen. There was no restriction of age or gender in the recruitment of study participants. The ages  of  study  participants  ranged  between  20  to  59  years.  Survey  based questionnaire and qualitative analysis revealed HBV and HCV frequency in 25% (n=88) employees, including 92% (n=81) males and 8 %( n=7) females. Only 18.4% (n=16) of employees were previously vaccinated. Most of the employees were unaware of preventive vaccination of hepatitis B, whereas a few could not afford vaccination. HBV and HCV are common in the study population. Highest frequency of infection was found among the peons and laboratory attendants. Financial  constraints  restricted  most  of  the  employees  from  screening  and treatment of hepatitis.
Aqueous nickel sequestration and release during structural Fe(ii) hydroxide remediation: the roles of coprecipitation, reduction and substitution (2016)

SFH has a strong potential for reducing aqueous Ni<sup>2+</sup> and the release of precipitated Ni(<sc>ii</sc>) into solution could be controlled.
Frequency stabilization of a diode laser at 1540 nm by locking to sub-Doppler lines of potassium at 770 nm (1998)

An external cavity 1540-nm diode laser was frequency doubled in a 3-cm-long periodically poled LiNbO(3) waveguide doubler with 150% W(-1) conversion efficiency, thereby generating more than 3 muW at 770 nm. Second-harmonic light was used to detect and lock to sub-Doppler lines of the (39)K D(1) transition.
Phase conjugation in critical microemulsions (1994)

We present a model to describe degenerate four-wave mixing in critical binary liquid mixtures and we analyze it through an experimental study of phase conjugation in critical microemulsions. The two concentration gratings related to the four-wave-mixing configuration give contributions to the conjugated signal which can be separated from their different formation and relaxation times. The model quantitatively describes the amplitude and the dynamics of the gratings and thus of the conjugate signal when one approaches the critical point. The theoretical predictions fit very well with the experimental data. Close to the critical point a 10% reflectivity has been obtained in this medium using a beam power of 1 W from a cw ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ laser. The limitations of these reflectivities at higher powers are discussed.