gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation Of Non-steady State Hepatic Glucose Production By Deconvolution With A Time-varying Compartmental Model (2005)

The aim of this study is to estimate hepatic glucose production in dogs during a non-steady state experiment in which the system is perturbed by an insulin infusion and moves from a basal to an hypoglycemic steady state. A tracer is used to probe the system and both labelled and unlabelled glucose are measured. The deconvolution technique is applied to the unlabelled glucose data to estimate hepatic glucose production. A previously developed tracer time-varying Compartmental model is used to describe the system impulse response.
Biological Characteristics of Miniature &ldquo;Shiba&rdquo; Goats (1977)

東大牧場コロニーのシバヤギについて, その生物学的特性について報告した。1.シバヤギは有角で白色の被毛をもつ。2.シバヤギの繁殖は (1) 周年繁殖, (2) 初産日令は約390日, (3) 妊娠期間は約150日, (4) 一腹産子数は約1.8頭 (5) 育成率は寄生虫病に対する予防をおこなえば, 約100% (6) 分娩間隔は約250日であった。3.子ヤギに, アンプロリウムおよびスルフアキノサリン, それぞれ20mg/kgを1回または2回投与し, コクシジウムに対する駆虫効果を検討した。その結果, 効果はあるが不確実であった。4.子ヤギに, パーベンダゾール, 60mg/kgを1回投与し, 腸結節虫に対する駆虫効果を検討し, 優れた効果が認められた。5.血液性状および.血液中の化学成分について, 測定をおこなった。
CD137 negatively affects “browning” of white adipose tissue during cold exposure (2020)

Prolonged cold exposure stimulates the formation of brownlike adipocytes expressing UCP1 (uncoupling-protein-1) in subcutaneous white adipose tissue which, together with classical brown adipose tissue, contributes to maintaining body temperature in mammals through nonshivering thermogenesis. The mechanisms that regulate the formation of these cells, alternatively called beige or brite adipocytes, are incompletely understood. Here we report that mice lacking CD137, a cell surface protein used in several studies as a marker for beige adipocytes, showed elevated levels of thermogenic markers, including UCP1, increased numbers of beige adipocyte precursors, and expanded UCP1-expressing cell clusters in inguinal white adipose tissue after chronic cold exposure. CD137 knockout mice also showed enhanced cold resistance. These results indicate that CD137 functions as a negative regulator of "browning" in white adipose tissue and call into question the use of this protein as a functional marker for beige adipocytes.
Study of substrate modes in a (Al,In)GaN/SiC semiconductor laser using finite element approach (2005)

Penetration of the waveguide mode into the substrate has some effects in Nitride-based semiconductor lasers grown on Silicon Carbide while it is usually not a problem in Arsenide-based devices. We observe oscillations in the red part of the measured gain spectrum of an (Al,In)GaN semiconductor lasers. These have been attributed to the presence of a standing wave in the substrate. We use a finite element approach to solve the Helmholtz equation and a complex notation for the dielectric function. Our intention is to estimate the effects of localized optical loss on the waveguide mode. In order to analyze measured oscillation in the Hakki-Paoli experiment we need to take into account optical loss in the P-doped region and in the substrate.
Allosteric α1-Adrenoreceptor Antagonism by the Conopeptide ρ-TIA (2003)

A peptide contained in the venom of the predatory marine snail Conus tulipa, rho-TIA, has previously been shown to possess alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonist activity. Here, we further characterize its pharmacological activity as well as its structure-activity relationships. In the isolated rat vas deferens, rho-TIA inhibited alpha1-adrenoreceptor-mediated increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration that were triggered by norepinephrine, but did not affect presynaptic alpha2-adrenoreceptor-mediated responses. In radioligand binding assays using [125I]HEAT, rho-TIA displayed slightly greater potency at the alpha 1B than at the alpha 1A or alpha 1D subtypes. Moreover, although it did not affect the rate of association for [3H]prazosin binding to the alpha 1B-adrenoreceptor, the dissociation rate was increased, indicating non-competitive antagonism by rho-TIA. N-terminally truncated analogs of rho-TIA were less active than the full-length peptide, with a large decline in activity observed upon removal of the fourth residue of rho-TIA (Arg4). An alanine walk of rho-TIA confirmed the importance of Arg4 for activity and revealed a number of other residues clustered around Arg4 that contribute to the potency of rho-TIA. The unique allosteric antagonism of rho-TIA resulting from its interaction with receptor residues that constitute a binding site that is distinct from that of the classical competitive alpha1-adrenoreceptor antagonists may allow the development of inhibitors that are highly subtype selective.
Combining task and motion planning for intersection assistance systems (2016)

A hybrid planning approach is developed for intersection assistance systems up to fully automated driving through intersections. Route planning, task planning and motion planning methods are integrated in a hierarchical planning framework to deal with the various information and constraints in different layers. The navigation agent provides a global driving direction at an intersection according to the selected route. The task planner decides a sequence of actions to accomplish the driving mission taking into consideration traffic rules and semantic conditions. The motion planner generates detailed trajectories to execute the tasks. Meanwhile, the task sequence and the motion trajectory are verified periodically against the actual traffic situation, and re-planning is triggered when necessary in the motion planning or task planning level. The hierarchical planning framework is evaluated in several intersection scenarios. The result shows that it can handle the complex planning problems with dynamic objects and provide a modular solution for automated driving that can be easily extended for different traffic rules and applications.
Synthesis and stability study of a new major metabolite of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (2013)

γ-Hydroxybutanoic acid (GHB) is used as a date-rape drug, which renders the victims unconscious and defenceless. Intoxications are very difficult to detect for forensic scientists due to rapid metabolism to endogenous levels of GHB. We recently discovered a new major metabolite, 2, of GHB (1) that could potentially extend the analytical detection window for GHB intoxications. Herein we disclose synthetic procedures based on a Koenigs-Knorr glucuronidation approach that provides GHB glucuronide 2 and a deuterium-labelled analogue d 4-2 of high purity suitable for analytical chemistry. In addition, we have assessed the stability of GHB glucuronide 2 by mimicking the natural pH range for urine, which is of importance in the development of new analytical methods. Using NMR we show that GHB glucuronide 2 is highly stable towards aqueous hydrolysis within the pH range normally observed for urine even at elevated temperature.
Combination of aerosolized acetic acid and chlorine dioxide‐releasing film to inactivate Salmonella enterica and its effect on quality of tomatoes and Romaine lettuce (2021)

Abstract Novel intervention technologies are needed to minimize pathogen contamination of fresh produce. The present study was undertaken to develop an in‐package treatment system that combined aerosolized acetic acid (AA) and chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 )‐releasing film in which the acid triggered the release of ClO 2 from its precursor. A four‐strain cocktail of Salmonella enterica ( S . Montevideo, S . Typhimurium, S . Newport, and S . Saint‐paul) was inoculated onto the surfaces of cut Romaine lettuce and the stem scars of cherry tomatoes. The inoculated samples were placed into clamshell containers containing one ClO 2 ‐releasing film (2.5 × 2.5 cm). After the packages were sealed, AA (2 and 4%) was aerosolized for 60 s into the packages through perforated openings. Results demonstrated that the combination of AA with the ClO 2 ‐releasing film significantly reduced Salmonella populations with reductions of &gt;4 log and &gt;2 log CFU/piece on lettuce and tomato stem scars, respectively. The ClO 2 ‐releasing film or aerosolized AA alone did not result in any significant reductions of Salmonella populations except aerosolized 4% AA, which achieved 2.21 log CFU/piece reductions on lettuce. The combinations and 4% AA treatment caused damage to fresh‐cut lettuce during 14 days of storage as evidenced by the deterioration in appearance, softening, and decreased ascorbic acid and antioxidant levels. The treatments did not significantly affect most of the quality attributes of cherry tomatoes during 21 days of storage at 10°C. Overall, our results demonstrate that the novel combination of AA and ClO 2 ‐releasing film may be used to enhance microbial safety and quality of cherry tomatoes.
Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effect of EC/EV system in human osteosarcoma (2017)

Osteosarcoma is the most common and aggressive bone tumor in children. The Endocannabinoid/Endovanilloid system has been proposed as anticancer target in tumor of different origins. This system is composed of two receptors (CB1 and CB2), the Transient Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel and their ligands and enzymes. CB1 is expressed mainly in central nervous system while CB2 predominantly on immune and peripheral cells. We investigated the effects of JWH-133 (CB2 agonist) and RTX (TRPV1 agonist) in six human Osteosarcoma cell lines: MG-63, U-2OS, MNNG/HOS, Saos-2, KHOS/NP, Hs888Lu, by Apoptosis and Migration-Assay. We also compared the effects of these compounds on Caspase-3, AKT, MMP-2 and Notch-1 regulation by Q-PCR and Western Blotting. We observed an anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-invasive effect. Our results show that both CB2 stimulation and TRPV1 activation, in different Osteosarcoma cell lines, can act on the same pathways to obtain the same effect, indicating the Endocannabinoid/Endovanilloid system as a new therapeutic target in Osteosarcoma.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐ALKYLATION OF DIETHYL N‐ALKYLPHOSPHORAMIDATES IN AN ANHYDROUS MEDIUM (1984)

Abstract Phosphöresteramide (I) können nach Deprotonierung in Benzol mit Alkylbromiden (II) in Gegenwart eines Ammoniumsalzes zu (III) alkyliert werden.
Observation of electrochemically active Fe3+/Fe4+ in LiCo0.8Fe0.2MnO4 by in situ Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (2018)

LiCo0.8Fe0.2MnO4 has been investigated as an active material for the positive electrode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with a discharge potential of around 5 V (vs. Li+|Li). After synthesis by a Pechini based sol-gel route, the structural and morphological properties have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, 7Li MAS NMR spectroscopy, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. With galvanostatic cycling, it was possible to obtain a specific discharge capacity of 117 mA h g-1, which is more than 80% of the theoretical capacity. The lithium extraction/insertion mechanism has been characterized by in situ synchrotron powder diffraction. The reversible oxidation process of Fe3+ to Fe4+ has been observed by in situ Mössbauer spectroscopy and in situ XAS measurements.
Lidocaine and Octanol Have Different Modes of Action at Tetrodotoxin-Resistant Na+ Channels of Peripheral Nerves (2003)

Lidocaine and octanol have different inhibitory effects on the function of tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channels in rat dorsal root ganglion cells, as well as noncompetitive modes of action, as investigated by the whole-cell patch-clamp method, and therefore are likely to have different binding sites on the channel.
Laser-driven ion acceleration: State of the art and emerging mechanisms (2014)

Ion acceleration driven by high intensity laser pulses is attracting an impressive and steadily increasing research effort. Experiments over the past 10–15 years have demonstrated, over a wide range of laser and target parameters, the generation of multi-MeV proton and ion beams with unique properties, which have stimulated interest in a number of innovative applications. While most of this work has been based on sheath acceleration processes, where space-charge fields are established by relativistic electrons at surfaces of the irradiated target, a number of novel mechanisms has been the focus of recent theoretical and experimental activities. This paper will provide a brief review of the state of the art in the field of laser-driven ion acceleration, with particular attention to recent developments.
New approaches to antiplatelet therapy (1991)

The importance of platelets in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders has been demonstrated by numerous clinical and pathological studies. Conventional antiplatelet agents are effective in both the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disorders, but suffer for the combined shortcomings of lack of selectivity and relative potency. Many new antiplatelet agents have been developed to overcome these differences, including serotonin receptor antagonists, prostanoid derivatives and antagonists, fibrinogen receptor antagonists, and selective thrombin inhibitors. In this review we consider the mechanisms by which these novel antiplatelet agents impair platelet function and their potential clinical utility.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiophene‐Silole Cooligomers and Copolymers. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DOLPHIN: An Autonomous Indoor Positioning System in Ubiquitous Computing Environment. (2003)

Determining physical location of indoor objects is one of the key issues in development of context-aware applications in ubiquitous computing environments. This is mainly because context information obtained from sensor networks is meaningful only when the physical location of the context information source is determined. Recently, several indoor location information systems, such as Active Bat and Cricket, have been developed for precise indoor object localization. However, to provide accurate physical location tracking in large-scale space, those systems requires a lot of manual configuration for all the ultrasonic sensor nodes. To reduce configuration costs, we developed a new indoor positioning system called DOLPHIN. The DOLPHIN system consists of distributed wireless sensor nodes which are capable of sending and receiving RF and ultrasonic signals. These nodes are attached to various indoor objects. And using a novel distributed positioning algorithm in the nodes, DOLPHIN enables autonomous positioning of the objects with minimal manual configuration. This paper describes the design and implementation of the DOLPHIN system, and evaluates basic performance through several experiments in an indoor environment.
Elevated levels of amyloid precursor protein in muscle of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and a mouse model of the disease (2006)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease defined by motor neuron loss. Transgenic mouse models show features that closely mimic those seen in the clinical situation, reflected in the molecular changes observed in mouse models and in tissues from patients. We report a dramatic increase in the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the hindlimb muscles, but not the spinal cord of the G93A transgenic mouse model, significantly before the appearance of clinical abnormalities. APP levels were unchanged in nontransgenic mice and in mice overexpressing human wild-type Cu/Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Preliminary results indicate a similar change in APP expression in human deltoid muscle samples from ALS patients compared with age-matched controls. The inhibitory role of APP in innervation at the neuromuscular junction and increased expression in inclusion-body myositis suggest that presymptomatic upregulation of APP may be consistent with a potential role for APP in ALS pathology.
The atomic arrangement in the sulfur unit cell (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe atomic arrangement in the sulfur unit cellWinton Brown Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1941, 18, 4, 182Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1941Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1941Published inissue 1 April 1941https://doi.org/10.1021/ed018p182RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Investigation of the population structure of Legionella pneumophila by analysis of tandem repeat copy number and internal sequence variation (2011)

The population structure of the species Legionella pneumophila was investigated by multilocus variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) and sequencing of three VNTRs (Lpms01, Lpms04 and Lpms13) in selected strains. Of 150 isolates of diverse origins, 136 (86 %) were distributed into eight large MLVA clonal complexes (VACCs) and the rest were either unique or formed small clusters of up to two MLVA genotypes. In spite of the lower degree of genome-wide linkage disequilibrium of the MLVA loci compared with sequence-based typing, the clustering achieved by the two methods was highly congruent. The detailed analysis of VNTR Lpms04 alleles showed a very complex organization, with five different repeat unit lengths and a high level of internal variation. Within each MLVA-defined VACC, Lpms04 was endowed with a common recognizable pattern with some interesting exceptions. Evidence of recombination events was suggested by analysis of internal repeat variations at the two additional VNTR loci, Lpms01 and Lpms13. Sequence analysis of L. pneumophila VNTR locus Lpms04 alone provides a first-line assay for allocation of a new isolate within the L. pneumophila population structure and for epidemiological studies.
pH-responsive physical gels from poly(meth)acrylic acid-containing crosslinked particles: the relationship between structure and mechanical properties (2013)

Gels that feature high internal porosity and have both high elasticity and ductility have potential to provide immediate load support and enable subsequent tissue regeneration of damaged soft tissue if combined with cells. Herein, we report results from a recent investigation of novel poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid), (PMMA-MAA) and poly(ethyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid), (PEA-MAA) biodegradable, pH-sensitive particle gels which are with high porosity, elasticity and ductility. These gels formed at physiological pH range and are potentially injectable. The particles were prepared using solvent evaporation. They were functionalized by crosslinking the MAA groups of the particles via bis-amide formation with either cystamine (CYS) or 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid dihydrazide (DTP) which simultaneously incorporated reversibility due to the presence of disulphide bonds within the crosslinker. The crosslinked particles were observed by dynamic light scattering to swell appreciably in size upon increasing the pH. Concentrated dispersions formed elastic and ductile physical gels within the physiological pH range. A key finding of this study was that for crosslinked particles of similar composition the formation of considerably more elastic and ductile gels was observed from the most lightly crosslinked particles. Furthermore, compared to the PMMA-MAA/CYS and PEA-MAA/CYS gels, those formed from DTP-crosslinked particles had higher elasticity, thicker pore walls and improved interconnectivity. For the PMMA-MAA/DTP gels an elastic modulus value as high as 100 kPa and a yield strain greater than 100% were observed for a gel containing only 5 wt% of particles. The improved mechanical properties of these new gel-forming dispersions imply that they now have good potential for future application as injectable gels for regenerative medicine.
Control aspects of underground coal gasification: LLL investigations of ground-water and subsidence effects. [Hoe Creek I and II] (1978)

Our investigations are designed to evaluate some of the environmental implications of in situ coal gasification, and to identify appropriate environmental controls. Changes in ground-water quality and the possible effects of subsidence and ground movement induced by the underground gasification cavity represent significant environmental concerns associated with the in situ gasification process. We have measured these effects at the site of two in situ coal gasification experiments conducted in northeastern Wyoming by the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Our measurements of ground-water quality in the vicinity of the gasification experiments indicate that the reaction products, such as ash and some coal tars, that remain underground following gasification, are a potential source of localized ground-water contamination. However, the concentration of important contaminants, such as phenols, shows a significant decrease due to adsorption by the surrounding coal. Complementary laboratory measurements are providing detailed information concerning this adsorption process. We have also conducted laboratory and field measurements, in conjunction with modeling studies, to evaluate the effects of subsidence phenomena. Data from subsurface geotechnical instruments installed at the second gasification experiment, as well as measurements of ground-water levels, indicate that roof collapse connected the gasification cavity with overlying aquifers. The environmental implications of this interconnection aremore » being investigated. Our results suggest that hydrogeological site-selection criteria may be of considerable environmental importance in choosing locations for commercial-scale operations.« less
Bone marrow cells are a rich source of growth factors and cytokines: implications for cell therapy trials after myocardial infarction (2008)

Our data support the paracrine hypothesis and suggest that characterization of the BMC secretome may lead to an identification of factors with therapeutic potential after AMI.
Methionine Transfer RNA from Insect Tissue (1974)

Journal Article Methionine Transfer RNA from Insect Tissue Get access Makoto KAWAKAMI, Makoto KAWAKAMI Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Tohoku UniversitySendai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tetsu KAKUTANI, Tetsu KAKUTANI Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Tohoku UniversitySendai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Seiichi ISHIZUKA Seiichi ISHIZUKA Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Tohoku UniversitySendai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 76, Issue 1, July 1974, Pages 187–190, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130544 Published: 01 July 1974 Article history Received: 16 January 1974 Published: 01 July 1974