gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online vs Face-to-Face Administration of Impulse Control Disorder Questionnaires in Parkinson Disease (2022)

The results highlight the importance of social context/setting and the need for sensitivity and discretion when screening for ICD symptoms. Although a higher level of symptom endorsement does not necessarily imply a greater level of accuracy, more work is needed to determine which method of administration is most accurate for clinical and research practice.
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Binds Its Receptors, Is Internalized, and Stimulates DNA Synthesis in Balb/c3T3 Cells in the Absence of Heparan Sulfate (1996)

We have investigated the interaction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) with its receptors and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). It has been suggested that in the absence of HSPG, cells are not able to bind bFGF or respond to treatment with bFGF. In our studies, Balb/c3T3 fibroblasts were treated with 50 mM sodium chlorate to completely inhibit (99%) sulfation of proteoglycans. We found that bFGF was able to bind, be internalized, and stimulate DNA synthesis in the absence of HSPG in a dose-dependent manner. bFGF bound to its receptors on chlorate-treated cells with a lower apparent affinity and no change in receptor number. To determine if this decreased affinity bFGF-receptor interaction is functional, we quantitatively analyzed bFGF internalization and stimulation of DNA synthesis in control and chlorate-treated cells. Endocytotic rate constants (ke) for chlorate-treated and control cells were ke = 0. 078 +/- 0.022 min-1 and ke = 0.043 +/- 0.012 min-1, respectively, suggesting that the process of bFGF internalization is not dramatically altered by HSPG. bFGF stimulated DNA synthesis to the same maximal level under both conditions, but chlorate-treated cells were significantly less responsive at low bFGF doses (approximately 10-fold increase in ED50). The differences observed for control and chlorate-treated cells in the dose-response curves for stimulation of DNA synthesis and receptor binding correlated directly, suggesting that receptors are equally capable of eliciting a mitogenic signal under both conditions. It is unlikely that these results are due to residual HSPG since heparinase (I and III) digestion of chlorate-treated cells had little effect. Although the presence of HSPG on the cell surface increases the affinity of bFGF for its receptors, our observations suggest that HSPG are not "absolutely" required for binding, internalization, or stimulation of mitogenic activity.
High-temperature, radiation-hard electronic technology (1995)

We report on two novel high temperature and potentially highly neutron and gamma radiation resistant electronc technologies that are suitable for nuclear and space applications. The operational effects on these technologies from gamma radiation doses up to 10 megarads and 1‐MeV equivalent neutron fluences up to 1014 neutrons/cm2 are examined using a calibrated (to appropriate ASTM standards) irradiation chamber in the University of Utah TRIGA Nuclear Reactor. The first high temperature, harsh environment technology is based on microminiature vacuum (MTV) devices. The second high temperature technology is gallium arsenide (GaAs) metal semiconductor field effect transistor (MESFET)‐based devices and circuits that can operate at temperatures up to 350 °C. This MESFET‐based technology also allows a wide range of control with respect to the MESFET’s enhanced resistance to breakdown at elevated temperatures. The MESFET‐based technology has general applicability and works equally well with both enhancement and depletion n‐channel MESFET’s.
Immunoproteomic Analysis of Antibody in Lymphocyte Supernatant in Patients with Typhoid Fever in Bangladesh (2013)

We have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can identify 100% of patients with blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Bangladesh. In order to define immunodominant proteins within the S. Typhi membrane preparation used as antigen in these prior studies and to identify potential biomarkers unique to S. Typhi bacteremic patients, we probed microarrays containing 2,724 S. Typhi proteins with ALS collected at the time of clinical presentation from 10 Bangladeshis with acute typhoid fever. We identified 62 immunoreactive antigens when evaluating both the IgG and IgA responses. Immune responses to 10 of these antigens discriminated between individuals with acute typhoid infection and healthy control individuals from areas where typhoid infection is endemic, as well as Bangladeshi patients presenting with fever who were subsequently confirmed to have a nontyphoid illness. Using an ALS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format and purified antigen, we then confirmed that immune responses against the antigen with the highest immunoreactivity (hemolysin E [HlyE]) correctly identified individuals with acute typhoid or paratyphoid fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh. These observations suggest that purified antigens could be used with ALS and corresponding acute-phase activated B lymphocytes in diagnostic platforms to identify acutely infected patients, even in areas where enteric fever is endemic.
Furosemide ethanol-free oral solutions for paediatric use: formulation, HPLC method and stability study (2017)

Both formulations were stable when stored at room temperature for up to 9 months; formulation F1 was stable even at 40°C. MP used as an antimicrobial agent fully satisfied the recommended criteria for preservative efficacy in oral preparations according to the European Pharmacopoeia 9.0 (5.1.3).
Dynamic Changes in Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cell Numbers During Aging (1999)

To address the fundamental question of whether or not stem cell populations age, we performed quantitative measurements of the cycling status and frequency of hematopoietic stem cells in long-lived C57BL/6 (B6) and short-lived DBA/2 (DBA) mice at different developmental and aging stages. The frequency of cobblestone area-forming cells (CAFC) day-35 in DBA fetal liver was twofold to threefold higher than in B6 mice, and by late gestation, the total stem cell number was nearly as large as that of young DBA adults. Following a further approximately 50% increase in stem cells between 6 weeks and 1 year of age, numbers in old DBA mice dropped precipitously between 12 and 20 months of age. In marked contrast, this stem cell population in B6 mice increased at a constant rate from late gestation to 20 months of age with no signs of abatement. Throughout development an inverse correlation was observed between stem cell numbers and the percentage of cells in S-phase. Because a strong genetic component contributed to the changes in stem cell numbers during aging, we quantified stem cells of 20-month old BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mice, derived from B6 and DBA progenitor strains, thus permitting detailed interstrain genetic analysis. For each BXD strain we calculated the stem cell increase or decrease as mice aged from 2 to 20 months. Net changes in CAFC-day 35 numbers among BXD strains ranged from an approximately 10-fold decrease to an approximately 10-fold increase. A genome-wide search for loci associated with this quantitative trait was performed. Several loci contribute to the trait-putative loci map to chromosomes X, 2, and 14. We conclude that stem cell numbers fluctuate widely during aging and that this has a strong genetic basis.
Coagulation techniques are not important in directing blood product transfusion during liver transplantation (1997)

Preoperative acquired clotting parameters such as prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III, platelet concentration, and fibrinogen show coagulopathy caused by insufficiency of the diseased liver. Intraoperative determination of clotting factors or parameters is not helpful to direct intraoperative transfusion of blood, blood components, or platelets because transfusions performed solely for correction of clotting data do not correlate with the real intraoperative requirements and increase the costs of orthotopic liver transplantation. However, the use of antihyperfibrinolytic drugs seems to reduce intraoperative blood loss. Patients with cirrhotic disorders caused by portalvenous hypertension show extensive collaterals and increased intravascular blood volume. Thus it is plausible that especially overcorrection of blood loss during the surgical preparation in the preanhepatic phase of the operation results in extensive blood loss. Therefore, to avoid blood loss we attempt to keep volume substitution to a minimum during the preanhepatic phase of the operation. In contrast, during the anhepatic and postanhepatic phases we attempt to reestablish normovolemia by transfusing red packed blood cells and fresh-frozen plasma. Strictly confined use of blood products in the preanhepatic phase, followed by later correction of intravascular blood volume, may reduce intraoperative blood loss; it also seems to ensure adequate substitution of clotting factors.
Formation and Stability of Shear-Induced Shish-Kebab Structure in Highly Entangled Melts of UHMWPE/HDPE Blends (2008)

The formation and stability of a shear-induced shish-kebab structure was investigated by in situ rheo-SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) and -WAXD (wide-angle X-ray diffraction) measurements of highly entangled polyethylene melts based on two polymer blends, containing small fractions (2 and 5 wt %) of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Immediately after shear, the combined SAXS and WAXD results at 142 °C confirmed the sole formation of shish without kebabs, indicating the interplay between the topological deformation of highly entangled UHMWPE chains and the extended-chain crystallization of stretched segments without the participation of coiled segments. The presence of HDPE chains influenced the entanglement of UHMWPE but they were not involved in the shish-kebab formation at the initial stage of crystallization. The final shish lengths in both blends were nearly identical at the same strain (ε = 500), even though the UHMWPE concentration was different. When the temperature was cooled to 134 °C, both sheared blends exhibited the kebab formation, following the diffusion-controlled growth process. Although the total kebab nucleation was higher in the 5/95 wt % UHMWPE/HDPE blend, the kebab density per shish was higher in the 2/98 wt % UHMWPE/HDPE blend. The thermal stability of the shish-kebab structure was also investigated by constrained melting. Both blends exhibited identical melting behavior of kebabs but different melting behavior of shish that is governed by the entanglement restraints of the stretched-chain network.
New VCSEL technology with scalability for single mode operation and densely integrated arrays (2011)

Data are presented demonstrating a new lithographic vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) technology, which produces simultaneous mode- and current-confinement only by lithography and epitaxial crystal growth. The devices are grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy, and have lithographically defined sizes that vary from 3 &mu;m to 20 &mu;m. The lithographic process allows the devices to have high uniformity throughout the wafer and scalability to very small size. The 3 &mu;m device shows a threshold current of 310 &mu;A, the slope efficiency of 0.81 W/A, and the maximum output power of more than 5 mW. The 3 &mu;m device also shows single-mode single-polarization operation without the use of surface grating, and has over 25 dB side-mode-suppression-ratio up to 1 mW of output power. The devices have low thermal resistance due to the elimination of oxide aperture. High reliability is achieved by removal of internal strain caused by the oxide, stress test shows no degradation for the 3 &mu;m device operating at very high injection current level of 142 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 1000 hours, while at this dive level commercial VCSELs fail rapidly. The lithographic VCSEL technology can lead to manufacture of reliable small size laser diode, which will have application in large area 2-D arrays and low power sensors.
Expression of the Huntington disease gene in rodents: cloning the rat homologue and evidence for downregulation in non-neuronal tissues during development (1995)

Huntington's disease (HD) is associated with an expanded and unstable (CAG) > 35 repeat within a gene of unknown function. We isolated the complete coding region of the rat HD gene (rhd) from cDNA libraries and investigated its expression in different developmental stages of rodent tissues. The rat gene exhibits 90% peptide sequence identity to the human and 96% to the murine sequence. The (CAG)n repeat is markedly reduced in the rat compared to the average human (CAG)n block. Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridizations reveal that in rodents the hd gene is already expressed during embryonal development. As in humans, the rhd gene is expressed in two transcriptional isoforms which result from different polyadenylation signals. In mice, however, a third transcript of intermediate size was found predominantly expressed in brain. This transcript is downregulated in later development. At day 14.5 p.c. the level of rhd expression is similar in the brain and in non-neuronal tissues. In contrast, the expression in non-neuronal tissues is markedly reduced in adult animals and corresponds to the restricted distribution of neuropathologic changes observed in HD patients.
Interferometric laser rangefinder using a frequency modulated diode laser (1987)

A method for interferometrically measuring distances to rough surfaces with submillimeter resolution is described. The measuring range can be made as large as hundreds of millimeters. Owing to the inherent light sensitivity of the method described, the rangefinder can be used for 3-D profile measurements on a wide variety of objects even in poor measuring conditions.
Thermal conductance of two interface materials and their applications in space systems (1992)

The temperature control of spacecraft and instrument systems and subsystems requires heat transfer interface materials that possess good thermal and structural characteristics, among other properties, to respond to the vacuum environment of space. These materials must be easy to apply to, and remove from, the surfaces where they are applied, and must be able to withstand power dissipation extremes, and be used for different clamping configurations and pressures. Silicone based greases, used in the past, tend to migrate and to contaminate nearby surfaces. Bare metal to metal contact offers low thermal conductance and difficulties in estimating the actual heat transfer. Several polymeric materials containing different thermal conductive compounds and structural reinforcements were prepared to overcome grease and metal problems. Two polymeric materials were evaluated: Cho-Therm 1671 elastomer; and the CV-2946, a conductive RTV silicone. Tests were done to learn more about these products. Results indicate that the tightly bolted, torqued fixtures did not buckle or distort, and provided optimum thermal conductance. Fixtures simulating actual spacecraft configuration suffered bowing and separating.
Steel solutions for mass savings in the wheel industry (2002)

Two different approaches are available to reduce the mass of automotive steel wheels. The traditional approach is based on the use of high resistance steels that allows a thickness reduction of the rim and disc. A mass reduction up to 25 % can thus be obtained. A different approach allows a larger mass reduction with a more drastic change in the wheel production technology. One possibility is to use laser welded blanks to feed the existing manufacturing lines. Another possibility is to implement a combined spinning and rolling of the rim. These new steel solutions allow a mass reduction up to 50 %. Indeed they allow adjusting precisely the steel thickness and properties to the local service conditions. Finite elements calculations have been carried out to assess the static and dynamic behaviour of the new wheels.
Compact surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence biochip (2013)

A new concept of compact biochip for surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence assays is reported. It takes advantage of the amplification of fluorescence signal through the coupling of fluorophore labels with confined and strongly enhanced field intensity of surface plasmons. In order to efficiently excite and collect the emitted fluorescence light via surface plasmons on a metallic sensor surface, (reverse) Kretschmann configuration is combined with diffractive optical elements embedded on the chip surface. These include a concentric relief grating for the imaging of highly directional surface plasmon-coupled emission to a detector. Additional linear grating is used for the generating of surface plasmons at the excitation wavelength on the sensor surface in order to increase the fluorescence excitation rate. The reported approach offers the increased intensity of fluorescence signal, reduced background, and compatibility with nanoimprint lithography for cost-effective preparation of sensor chip. The presented approach was implemented for biosensing in a model immunoassay experiment in which the limit of detection of 11 pM was achieved.
Suppression of influenza A virus nuclear antigen production and neuraminidase activity by a nutrient mixture containing ascorbic acid, green tea extract and amino acids (2007)

Influenza, one of the oldest and most common infections, poses a serious health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality, and imposing substantial economic costs. The efficacy of current drugs is limited and improved therapies are needed. A unique nutrient mixture (NM), containing ascorbic acid, green tea extract, lysine, proline, N-acetyl cysteine, selenium among other micronutrients, has been shown to exert anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. Many of the constituents of NM have been shown to have an inhibitory effect on replication of influenza virus and HIV. This prompted us to study the effect of NM on influenza A virus multiplication in infected cells and neuraminidase activity (NA) in virus particles. Addition of NM to Vero or MDCK cells post infection resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of viral nucleoprotein (NP) production in infected cells. NM-mediated inhibition of viral NP was selective and not due to cytotoxicity towards host cells. This antiviral effect was enhanced by pretreatment of virus with the nutrient mixture. Individual components of NM, namely ascorbic acid and green tea extract, also blocked viral NP production, conferring enhanced inhibition when tested in combination. Incubation of cell-free virus with NM resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of associated NA enzyme activity. In conclusion, the nutrient mixture exerts an antiviral effect against influenza A virus by lowering viral protein production in infected cells and diminishing viral enzymatic activity in cell-free particles.
Microbubble assisted cell sorting by acoustophoresis (2016)

Polymer shelled gas microbubbles (MBs) are used to sort cells in a microfluidic chip under acoustic standing waves (SW). When particles are subjected to SW based on their acoustic contrast factor ( ...
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC ACTIVITY FOR AMMONIA SYNTHESIS OF IRON SUPPORTED CATALYSTS PREPARED FROM AN ACID‐MODIFIED Γ‐AL2O3 METHOD (1985)

Abstract Durch Tränken säuremodifizierter γ‐Al 2 O 3 ‐Proben (0‐20 mmol H pro g γ‐Al 2 O 3 ) mit wäßriger K"[Fe(CN)6]‐Lösung hergestellte Fe‐Trägerkatalysatoren zeigen mit zunehmendem Gehalt des Trägers an sauren Zentren ein Ansteigen des Fe‐Gehaltes.
Study of socially appropriate robot behaviors in human-robot conversation closure (2018)

In human-robot communication, humans appear to have difficulty ending their conversations with robots due to a certain consideration toward the robot itself. Thus, verbal and nonverbal cues in robot behaviors are critical to ease conversational closure. In this study1, human participants observed either of three types of robot nonverbal behaviors, e.g., continual gestures by robot(Condition 1), reducing gestures(Condition 2) and gesture followed by adapter(Condition 3). All the conversations were videotaped, and the participants were interviewed after the experiment. The experimental results showed that adapter behaviors of robot helped to end a conversation. Furthermore, when the robot expressed adapters, the human followed suit, indicating that the participants wanted to end the conversation. These findings will contribute to the design of robot behavior that improves human-robot communication.
Refugees: Labor stoops, activists step up (2015)

More than 150 activists from around the country met in Melbourne for the National Refugee Rights Conference, hosted by the Refugee Action Collective (Victoria) on July 26.
Impact of firmware modification attacks on power systems field devices (2015)

The coupling between cyber and physical components makes cyber-security an area of growing interest in the power industry. Sensing, communications, and intelligent control technologies are being integrated with field devices, changing the traditional structure of power systems and transforming power infrastructure into a more interactive, dynamic and controllable system. As a result, the developed smart grid environment increases the chances of being maliciously attacked. Monitoring and control decision equipment such as microprocessor-based protection relays, offer an ideal exploitation candidate for attackers. This paper presents how an adversary is able to disrupt the operation of Circuit Breakers (CBs) by injecting malicious tripping commands to the relay controller. We formulate an attack strategy by reverse engineering the firmware of an existing commercial protection relay. The impact of the developed attacks is studied on the IEEE 14 bus test case system.
Frequency of sensitization to common allergens: comparison between Europe and the USA (2010)

Contact allergy to neomycin is much more prevalent in the United States. Stricter selection of patients for patch testing in United States tertiary referral centres may result in 50% more positive reactions compared to European studies.
The FAPU Workbench (1997)

Before software can be adapted to changing economical, organisational and technical conditions, it has to be "understood". Understanding involves obtaining all the information belonging to the application system in question by means of analysis, interpretation and evaluation of the software's structures (the individual programs of the various program systems plus existing documentation) and of the context and exact nature of its use (e.g. business processes and workflows). Within a program of research into tools supporting application understanding, the Fraunhofer Institut Software- und Systemtechnik (ISST) has developed a prototype of the FAPU (FORTRAN Application and Program Understanding) Workbench. A special feature of FAPU is that it distinguishes between program information and non-program information and enables interactive linking within and between these two types of information. FAPU can handle files consisting of a mixture of programs in different languages, control commands and data. Its robust parser can analyse a wide range of FORTRAN dialects and deal with unknown constructs. The location of comments within the source code is preserved, new comments can be added and existing ones modified. The analysis is always performed with respect to a platform model containing information about the computer type, the operating system and the compiler. As well as many analysis options and the synchronization of their presentation, FAPU also enables visualization of COMMON blocks.