gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SERS-based sandwich immunoassay using antibody coated magnetic nanoparticles for Escherichia coli enumeration (2010)

A method combining immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was developed to enumerate Escherichia coli (E. coli). Gold-coated magnetic spherical nanoparticles were prepared by immobilizing biotin-labeled anti-E. coli antibodies onto avidin-coated magnetic nanoparticles and used in the separation and concentration of the E. coli cells. Raman labels have been constructed using rod shaped gold nanoparticles coated with 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and subsequently with a molecular recognizer. Then DTNB-labeled gold nanorods were interacted with gold-coated magnetic spherical nanoparticle-antibody-E. coli complex. The capture efficiency and calibration graphs were obtained and examined in different E. coli concentrations (10(1)-10(7) cfu mL(-1)). The correlation between the concentration of bacteria and SERS signal was found to be linear within the range of 10(1)-10(4) cfu mL(-1) (R(2) = 0.992). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of the developed method were found to be 8 and 24 cfu mL(-1), respectively. The selectivity of the developed immunoassay was examined with Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter dissolvens, and Salmonella enteriditis which did not produce any significant response. The ability of the immunoassay to detect E. coli in real water samples was also investigated and the results were compared with the experimental results from plate-counting methods. There was no significant difference between the methods that were compared (p > 0.05). This method is rapid and sensitive to target organisms with a total analysis time of less than 70 min.
IS-IS Extensions for Traffic Engineering (2008)

This document describes extensions to the Intermediate System to
Intermediate System (IS-IS) protocol to support Traffic Engineering
(TE). This document extends the IS-IS protocol by specifying new
information that an Intermediate System (router) can place in Link
State Protocol Data Units (LSP). This information describes additional
details regarding the state of the network that are useful for traffic
engineering computations. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
EdUCE, Educate Utilizing CubeSat Experience: A Pragmatic Approach to Shatter Barriers to Space (2012)

The Educate Utilizing CubeSat Experience (EdUCE) project uses CubeSats to further develop and incorporate an innovative STEM approach to enhance scientific knowledge of K-12 students and teachers. Space technology is an advanced form of engineering that combines aspects of aerospace, mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering. In brief, EdUCE’s multidisciplinary science teachings provide a foundation to the early education of students. Through practical hands-on experiences into the design of complex engineering systems, the student understands applications and relationships for each discipline and their impact in engineering. Small satellites are used as the mechanism to deliver STEM concepts. At the University of Florida (UF), the Advanced Space Technologies Research and Engineering Center (ASTREC), a National Science Foundation Center, has been coordinating this activity fulfilling a charter goal to promote this approach among local K-12 schools and like-minded community organizations. This paper discusses the methodology, the activities, the systems developed, the practices, and the future actions based on past lessons to increase awareness of space technology and, in general, the human capacity development process through space system engineering outreach programs to engage K-12 students and teachers. To improve global awareness, associations with universities in other countries have been established and their role is also detailed.
Development of an Ultrahigh Vacuum High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (1993)

A 100 kV ultrahigh vacuum high resolution scanning transmission electron microscope (UHV-HR-STEM) has been developed for the purpose of analyzing micro-volume element clean surfaces by means of total reflection angle X-ray spectroscopy (TRAXS). The instrument is provided with a thermal field emission electron gun (T-FEG) with a build-up W (100) emitter. Since the objective lens is designed to minimize the spherical aberration coefficient (Cs) of the objective pre-field to Cs=0.52mm, the highest theoretical resolution of 0.17nm is achieved. Also, the specimen stage was incorporated into a small space in the objective polepiece. A clean UHV of 2.2 × 10−8 Pa was achieved in the specimen environment by means of a dry pump system. The new STEM is provided with a specimen pretreatment vacuum chamber at 1.3 × 10 −7 Pa. The basic performance of the STEM was shown by the lattice images of graphitized carbon black and Au crystal, and secondary electron images of Ag and Au deposited on a Si (111) clean surface are provided as typical surface observation results.
Programa de pueblos mágicos perspectiva, retos y avances: Caso Capulálpam de Méndez (2017)

La presente investigación busca presentar de manera cualitativa un análisis sobre el impacto en los municipios en los que se pone en marcha el programa de pueblos mágicos, cuya finalidad es lograr desarrollar potencialidades en éstos para atraer turistas nacionales y extranjeros por las características que presentan los denominados pueblos mágicos. En este contexto, los pueblos mágicos son una estrategia pública que busca ayudar al desarrollo social de las comunidades en las que se implementa, para lograr un crecimiento integral en los miembros de estas comunidades.
Embedded software in real-time signal processing systems: application and architecture trends (1997)

We present an extensive survey of trends in embedded processor use with an emphasis on emerging applications in wireless communication, multimedia, and general telecommunications. We demonstrate the importance of application-specific instruction-set processors (ASIPs) in high-volume, low cost applications. We also examine some of the underlying trends of the applications in which embedded processors are used. This is followed by a description of embedded software development tool requirements. High-performance software compilation emerges as a key requirement. Finally, specific industrial case studies of products in MPEG, videophone, and low-cost digital signal processor (DSP) applications are used to illustrate the architecture design tradeoffs, and highlight specific tool requirements. A companion paper (Goosens et al., 1997) presents a comprehensive survey of embedded software development tools, focusing mostly on retargetable software compilation.
Detergent-free isolation, characterization, and functional reconstitution of a tetrameric K + channel: The power of native nanodiscs (2014)

A major obstacle in the study of membrane proteins is their solubilization in a stable and active conformation when using detergents. Here, we explored a detergent-free approach to isolating the tetrameric potassium channel KcsA directly from the membrane of Escherichia coli, using a styrene-maleic acid copolymer. This polymer self-inserts into membranes and is capable of extracting membrane patches in the form of nanosize discoidal proteolipid particles or "native nanodiscs." Using circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy, we show that the conformation of KcsA in native nanodiscs is very similar to that in detergent micelles, but that the thermal stability of the protein is higher in the nanodiscs. Furthermore, as a promising new application, we show that quantitative analysis of the co-isolated lipids in purified KcsA-containing nanodiscs allows determination of preferential lipid-protein interactions. Thin-layer chromatography experiments revealed an enrichment of the anionic lipids cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol, indicating their close proximity to the channel in biological membranes and supporting their functional relevance. Finally, we demonstrate that KcsA can be reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers directly from native nanodiscs, which enables functional characterization of the channel by electrophysiology without first depriving the protein of its native environment. Together, these findings highlight the potential of the use of native nanodiscs as a tool in the study of ion channels, and of membrane proteins in general.
Two soluble antigens of Plasmodium falciparum induce tumor necrosis factor release from macrophages (1990)

The production of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) may contribute to the pathology of malaria. We showed previously that crude preparations of heat-stable exoantigens from parasite cultures induce the release of TNF in vitro and in vivo. When separated from the culture medium by affinity chromatography, in which immune immunoglobulin G was used as ligand, the mixture of exoantigens of Plasmodium falciparum retained the capacity to induce the secretion of TNF, both by human monocytes from Gambian children and by mouse macrophages. Two individual antigens, Ag1 and Ag7, further purified by affinity chromatography and identified by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, also stimulated TNF production by both types of cell but differed in other functional properties. Thus, the activity of Ag7, but not that of Ag1, was inhibited by polymyxin B, and antisera made against boiled exoantigens of the rodent parasite Plasmodium yoelii which blocked the ability of these antigens to induce the production of TNF also inhibited the activity of Ag7 without affecting Ag1. Since the prevalence of antibody against Ag7 in sera from children in endemic areas appears to correlate with the development of immunity against the manifestations of the disease, this antigen may be one cause of pathology, perhaps through its ability to induce the production of TNF. Its serological relationship with rodent exoantigens suggests that it might be a candidate for an anti-disease vaccine which has the advantage that its active moiety is not subject to significant antigen polymorphism.
Comparison of Diagnostics Techniques in an Outbreak of Infectious Laryngotracheitis from Meat Chickens (2007)

Various diagnostics techniques were compared for their ability to detect infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) during an outbreak in chickens aged between 4 and 21 wk. Gross lesions ranged from excess mucus to accumulation of fibrinonecrotic exudate in the larynx and trachea. Syncytial cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in sinus, conjunctiva, larynx, trachea, lung, and air sac. Virus isolation in chicken embryos was attempted in every case. Negative-stain electron microscopy detected herpesvirus in only 6% of the cases. Yet, isolation of ILT virus in the chorioallantoic membrane was presumed by histology in >20% of the samples and confirmed by fluorescent antibody (FA) in 35% of the embryos inoculated with conjunctivas or tracheas from affected birds. Overall, results from histology and FA tests were highly correlated. FA test has the advantage over histology of being diagnostically specific for ILT virus. Polymerase chain reaction was the most sensitive test and detected the viral DNA even in cases where histology and FA were negative. ILT virus DNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Re-Ti ILTV). Histologic and FA results from larynx and trachea were negative if the concentration of the viral DNA was ≤4 of log10. A viral DNA concentration higher than log10 4, as determined by Re-Ti ILTV, was required for clinical ILT to be manifested.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Pan-HER Inhibitor Augments Radiation Response in Human Lung and Head and Neck Cancer Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional effect of Pan-HER radiation on DNA damage repair&lt;/p&gt;
Coating Processes for Increasing the Moisture Resistance of Polyurethane Baffle Material (1975)

An investigation was conducted with the objective to improve the hydrolytic stability of reticulated polyurethane baffle material. This material is used in fuel tanks of aircraft and ground vehicles. The most commonly used foam of this type is hydrolytically unstable. Potential moisture barrier coatings which were evaluated include Parylene, epoxy-polysulfide, polyether based polyurethanes, polysulfides, polyolefin rubbers, and several other materials. Parylene coatings of at least 0.2 mil were found to provide the greatest improvement in hydrolytic stability.
Supercapacitor performance of porous nickel cobaltite nanosheets (2020)

In this work, nickel cobaltite (NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanosheets with a porous structure were fabricated on nickel foam as a working electrode for supercapacitor applications. The nanosheets were fabricated by electrochemical deposition of nickel-cobalt hydroxide on the nickel foam substrate at ambient temperature in a three-electrode cell followed by annealing at 300 °C to transform the coating into a porous NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanosheet. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed a three-dimensional mesoporous structure, which facilitates ion transport and electronic conduction for fast redox reactions. For one cycle, the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> electrodeposited nickel foam has a high specific capacitance (1734.9 F g<sup>-1</sup>) at a current density (CD) of 2 A g<sup>-1</sup>. The electrode capacitance decreased by only approximately 12.7% after 3500 cycles at a CD of 30 A g<sup>-1</sup>. Moreover, a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was built utilising the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanosheets, carbon nanotubes, and a polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide gel as the anode, cathode, and solid-state electrolyte, respectively. The ASC displayed great electrochemical properties with a 42.25 W h kg<sup>-1</sup> energy density at a power density of 298.79 W kg<sup>-1</sup>.
Progress report on preliminary screening tests on squeeze-off of polyethylene gas pipes. Progress report, January 1987-December 1989 (1991)

Squeeze-off is a procedure to control the flow of gas in polyethylene pipe for downstream repair and maintenance. Such procedures are estimated to be performed over half a million times each year. In the procedure, the pipe is compressed between two parallel bars until the inside walls are sufficiently compressed that gas flow is limited or stopped. Little is known about when and how damage is caused by squeezing or about the long-term effect of squeezing on service life. In this phase of the research, limited preliminary laboratory tests on squeezed polyethylene (PE) pipe samples were conducted. The samples were squeezed and then subjected to hydrostatic stress rupture tests in a water - Igepal solution. Because of the limited scope of the research, the independent effects of each of the squeeze-off variables could not be determined. Because of the limited database, the results are not conclusive. However, the data showed some trends.
958 BNT211: a phase I/II trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of CLDN6 CAR-T cells and vaccine-mediated in vivo expansion in patients with CLDN6-positive advanced solid tumors (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> BNT211 is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell product candidate that targets the tumor specific antigen Claudin-6 (CLDN6). Preclinical studies demonstrated that combining these engineered cells with a CAR-T cell Amplifying RNA Vaccine (CARVac) leads to in vivo expansion of adoptively transferred CAR-T cells, resulting in their improved persistence and functionality. <h3>Methods</h3> This first-in-human, open label, multi-center trial involves a bifurcated 3+3 design with separate CLDN6 CAR-T cell dose escalations (single flat-dose) for monotherapy (part 1) and the combination with CARVac (part 2) based on 3 dose levels (DL). In part 2, CARVac is applied every 3 weeks starting at day 4 post transplantation including a one-step intra-patient dose escalation. Patients with CLDN6-positive relapsed or refractory solid tumors without further standard treatment options and ECOG 0 or 1 are eligible for recruitment. <h3>Results</h3> As of July 23rd 2021, 8 patients have been treated. DL1 of part 1 has been completed, while dosing of part 1 DL2 and part 2 DL1 is ongoing. One patient with cancer of unknown primary was treated with a dose below DL1 in combination with CARVac; the underlying diseases of the other 7 treated patients were testicular, ovarian and endometrial cancer as well as soft-tissue sarcoma. No acute or dose-limiting toxicities and no serious adverse events related to the drug product have been reported. Manageable cytokine release syndrome (CRS, grade 1-2, the latter managed with Tocilizumab) without any signs of neurotoxicity have been observed in both patients of part 1 DL2. Only transient and moderate elevations of IL-6 and CRP serum levels occurred in remaining patients. Notably, administration of CARVac resulted in transient flu-like symptoms resolving within 24h. Analysis of CAR-T cell frequency in peripheral blood revealed robust engraftment followed by decline after day 17. Further expansion was noted in two patients with liver metastases accompanied by elevated levels of ALT, AST and AP, while total bilirubin was not affected. First tumor assessment 6 weeks after transplantation available for 5/8 patients revealed 4 SD (3 transitioned into PD after an additional 6-18 weeks) and 1 PD. Strikingly, three patients showed initial tumor shrinkage according to RECIST1.1 (reduction of target sum: -18%, -21% and -27%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> CLDN6 CAR-T cells +/- CARVac show a favorable safety profile at doses tested and encouraging signs of efficacy. Updated data from open cohorts and especially for combination with CARVac will be presented. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> BNT211-01 is funded by BioNTech Cell &amp; Gene Therapies GmbH. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> <h3>Clinicaltrials</h3> gov: NCT04503278 <h3>References</h3> N/A <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> Ethics &amp; Institutional Review Board approvals were obtained from the respective participating countries prior to initiation of the trial. <h3>Consent</h3> N/A
Jejunal pouch reconstruction after total gastrectomy for cancer: Experience in 29 patients (1990)

The experience with interposed jejunal pouch after total gastrectomy for cancer in 29 patients is reviewed. There were two postoperative deaths (7 per cent) due, respectively, to myocardial infarction on day 5 and massive haemorrhage from the splenic vein on day 14. Anastomotic leaks, all from the proximal anastomosis, were encountered in three patients (11 per cent). These consisted of one minor clinical leak in a stapled anastomosis and two radiological leaks from hand-sutured anastomoses. Obstruction of the pouch or its conduit by recurrent tumour was not observed in any patient, including those who died from metastatic disease. There was one instance of benign stenosis of the distal anastomosis to the duodenum which required revisional surgery. The symptomatic assessment in the long-term surviving patients was good except for mild oesophagitis due to bile reflux in five patients. Body-weight was maintained and adverse nutritional consequences were not observed.
Outlier detection and classification in sensor data streams for proactive decision support systems (2017)

A paper has a deal with the problem of quality assessment in sensor data streams accumulated by proactive decision support systems. The new problem is stated where outliers need to be detected and to be classified according to their nature of origin. There are two types of outliers defined; the first type is about misoperations of a system and the second type is caused by changes in the observed system behavior due to inner and external influences. The proposed method is based on the data-driven forecast approach to predict the values in the incoming data stream at the expected time. This method includes the forecasting model and the clustering model. The forecasting model predicts a value in the incoming data stream at the expected time to find the deviation between a real observed value and a predicted one. The clustering method is used for taxonomic classification of outliers. Constructive neural networks models (CoNNS) and evolving connectionists systems (ECS) are used for prediction of sensors data. There are two real world tasks are used as case studies. The maximal values of accuracy are 0.992 and 0.974, and F1 scores are 0.967 and 0.938, respectively, for the first and the second tasks. The conclusion contains findings how to apply the proposed method in proactive decision support systems.
Assessing neuronal density in peri‐infarct cortex with PET: Effects of cortical topology and partial volume correction (2016)

The peri-infarct cortex (PIC) is the site of long-term physiologic changes after ischemic stroke. Traditional methods for delineating the peri-infarct gray matter (GM) have used a volumetric Euclidean distance metric to define its extent around the infarct. This metric has limitations in the case of cortical stroke, i.e., those where ischemia leads to infarction in the cortical GM, because the vascularization of the cerebral cortex follows the complex, folded topology of the cortical surface. Instead, we used a geodesic distance metric along the cortical surface to subdivide the PIC into equidistant rings emanating from the infarct border and compared this new approach to a Euclidean distance metric definition. This was done in 11 patients with [F-18]-Flumazenil ([18-F]-FMZ) positron emission tomography (PET) scans at 2 weeks post-stroke and at 6 month follow-up. FMZ is a PET radiotracer with specific binding to the alpha subunits of the type A γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor. Additionally, we used partial-volume correction (PVC) of the PET images to compensate for potential cortical thinning and long-term neuronal loss in follow-up images. The difference in non-displaceable binding potential (BP<sub>ND</sub> ) between the stroke unaffected and affected hemispheres was 35% larger in the geodesic versus the Euclidean peri-infarct models in initial PET images and 48% larger in follow-up PET images. The inter-hemispheric BP<sub>ND</sub> difference was approximately 17-20% larger after PVC when compared to uncorrected PET images. PET studies of peri-infarct GM in cortical strokes should use a geodesic model and include PVC as a preprocessing step. Hum Brain Mapp 38:326-338, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.