gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A chemoattractant receptor on macrophages exists in two affinity states regulated by guanine nucleotides. (1984)

The binding characteristics of the oligopeptide chemoattractant receptor on guinea pig macrophages and macrophage membrane preparations were characterized using detailed binding studies and computer analysis. Viable macrophages bound the radiolabeled chemoattractant N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-[3H]phenylalanine with single dissociation constant (KD) of 18.4 +/- 4.6 nM with 15,300 +/- 1,800 sites per cell. Binding data from membrane preparations indicated the presence of two classes of binding sites with KD of 1.5 +/- 0.4 nM and 25.5 +/- 11.0 nM. Approximately 23% of the receptors were in the high affinity state. In the presence of added guanine nucleotide di- or triphosphates, the high affinity receptors in the membrane preparations were converted to low affinity states with no change in the total receptor number. Nonhydrolyzable derivatives of GTP were most potent in converting the receptor from its high to low affinity state. These data suggest that the affinity state of the oligopeptide chemoattractant receptor in macrophages is regulated by guanine nucleotides and GTPase, implying that the transduction mechanisms of this receptor may be controlled by a guanine nucleotide regulatory unit.
Triple sum frequency pump-probe spectroscopy of transition metal dichalcogenides (2019)

Triple sum frequency (TSF) spectroscopy measures multidimensional spectra by resonantly exciting multiple quantum coherences of vibrational and electronic states. In this work we demonstrate pump-TSF-probe spectroscopy in which a pump excites a sample and some time later three additional electric fields generate a probe field which is measured. We demonstrate pump-TSF-probe spectroscopy on polycrystalline, smooth, thin films and spiral nanostructures of both ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{WS}}_{2}$. The pump-TSF-probe spectra are qualitatively similar to the more conventional transient-reflectance spectra. While transient-reflectance sensitivity suffers under low surface coverage, pump-TSF-probe sensitivity is independent of the sample coverage and nanostructure morphologies. Our results demonstrate that pump-TSF-probe is a valuable methodology for studying microscopic material systems.
A purely elastic instability in Dean and Taylor–Dean flow (1992)

The linear stability of the viscoelastic flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid between rotating cylinders with an applied, azimuthal pressure gradient is considered. It is found that this Taylor–Dean flow is unstable in certain flow parameter regimes even in the limit of vanishingly small Reynolds number. The critical conditions and the structure of the vortex flow at the onset of instability are presented. These are determined in the limit as the channel width to radius of curvature becomes small. The present results reveal that the instability is a stationary mode when the pressure gradient becomes the dominant flow driving force, while it is an oscillatory instability when the shearing by the cylinder rotation is dominant. In addition, it is found that the direction of the pressure gradient controls the characteristics of the instability: A pressure gradient applied along the cylinder rotation destabilizes the flow, while if applied against the rotation, the flow is substantially stabilized. The mechanism of these instabilities is also investigated through an examination of the disturbance-energy equation. It is found that the mechanism of the elastic, stationary instability is associated with the coupling of the perturbation velocity field to the polymeric stree gradients in the base flow. To the authors’ knowledge this mechanism has not been reported elsewhere. In contrast, the mechanism for the elastic, oscillatory instability in Taylor–Dean flow involves the coupling between the disturbance polymeric stresses and the base state velocity gradients, as reported by Larson et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 218, 573 (1990)] for the elastic, oscillatory instability in Taylor–Couette flow.
Frequency Divide-and-Conquer Approach to Creating Ultra-broadband Optical Frequency Combs (2011)

Octave-wide phase- and frequency-locked combs in the mid-infrared can be generated using a degenerate OPO which downconverts the spectrum of a pump frequency comb to its subfrequency and has intriguing coherence properties studied by interferometry.
Vickers Indentation Curves of Elastoplastic Materials (1985)

Studies of Vickers indentation curves of elastoplastic materials give information about the relationship between plasticity and elasticity. We have built equipment which gives a record of the applied depression depth, h, as a function of the carried load, P (range, 0.5 to 20 N). Investigation of the Vickers indentation curves, P(h), during loading and unloading and microscopic observations shows that the phenomena occurring during indentation are complex. We first discuss the loading curve. A comparison with a theoretical analysis is made. Young's modulus, E, and the Vickers indentation pressure during loading can be calculated from the unloading and loading curves. The meaning of the different characteristic parameters of the depth-load graphs is debated. Their correlation with optical measurements of the remanent Vickers indentation is proposed.
Malignant Hyperthermia and Free Radicals (2022)

152Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder that is triggered in susceptible individuals by exposure to certain anesthetic agents, in particular halothane. It is characterized by a rapid rise in body temperature, cardiac arrhythmia, marked limb rigidity, the appearance of cyanotic areas on the skin, and destruction of muscle tissue. Etiologically similar syndromes are found in a number of species in which, in addition to halothane intubation, stresses such as transportation, exercise, mating, and parturition also trigger an MH response. The condition in swine is referred to as the porcine stress syndrome (PSS) and the pig is regarded as a useful animal model for the MH syndrome in humans. Recent reviews on clinical, biochemical, and physiological aspects of MH include: OʼBrien, 1 Gronert et al., 2 Harriman, 3 Heffron, 4 and Rosenberg. 5
Malaria and Erythrocyte Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Variants in West Africa (1979)

In a clinical study, 702 Nigerian children aged 1-6 years were examined for malaria. Comparison of morbidity rates and parasitemia of patients with different glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status provided evidence that in heterozygous females the gene for G6PD deficiency (GdA-/GdB) confers an advantage against malaria.
A Multivalent Marine Lectin from Crenomytilus grayanus Possesses Anti-cancer Activity through Recognizing Globotriose Gb3 (2016)

In this study, we report the structure and function of a lectin from the sea mollusk Crenomytilus grayanus collected from the sublittoral zone of Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan. The crystal structure of C. grayanus lectin (CGL) was solved to a resolution of 1.08 Å, revealing a β-trefoil fold that dimerizes into a dumbbell-shaped quaternary structure. Analysis of the crystal CGL structures bound to galactose, galactosamine, and globotriose Gb3 indicated that each CGL can bind three ligands through a carbohydrate-binding motif involving an extensive histidine- and water-mediated hydrogen bond network. CGL binding to Gb3 is further enhanced by additional side-chain-mediated hydrogen bonds in each of the three ligand-binding sites. NMR titrations revealed that the three binding sites have distinct microscopic affinities toward galactose and galactosamine. Cell viability assays showed that CGL recognizes Gb3 on the surface of breast cancer cells, leading to cell death. Our findings suggest the use of this lectin in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Nonlinearity of Finite-Amplitude Sloshing in Rectangular Containers (2016)

This paper investigates the influence exerted by small surface tension on the nonlinear normal sloshing modes of a two-dimensional irrotational, incompressible fluid in a rectangular container. To this end, the influence of surface tension on the modal frequencies is investigated by assuming pure slipping at the contact line and a 90 deg contact angle between the fluid surface and the walls. The regions of possible nonlinear internal resonances up to the fifth mode are highlighted. Away from the highlighted regions, the influence of surface tension on the effective nonlinearity of the lowest four modes is studied and used to shed light onto its effect on the softening/hardening behavior of the uncoupled nonlinear modes. Subsequently, the response of the sloshing waves near two-to-one internal resonances is studied. It is shown that, in the vicinity of such internal resonance, the steady-state sloshing response can either contain a contribution from the two interacting modes (coupled-mode response) or only the high-frequency mode (high-frequency uncoupled mode response). The regions where the coupled mode uniquely exists are shown to depend on the surface tension. Moreover, it is demonstrated that such regions may be underestimated considerably when neglecting the influence of the cubic nonlinearities.
Proposal of Proof-of-Lucky-Id(PoL) to Solve the Problems of PoW and PoS (2018)

With Bitcoin, the legitimacy of a block of transaction data is verified by randomly selected nodes (hereinafter, verifiers) and notified to all nodes. To ensure the random selection of the verifier of each block, Proof of Works (PoW) is used. However, there is a serious problem with PoW, in that the amount of computation becomes huge. Although Proof of Stake (PoS) has been proposed to reduce the amount of computation, there remains the problem that if there is collusion among nodes, it is possible to control the probability of being the verifier. In this paper, a novel technique, Proof-of-Lucky-ID (PoL), is proposed. PoL is a kind of lottery that guarantees the randomness of the selection of the verifier, even if the node is collaborating unfairly, by using multiple digital signatures created by other nodes as input. Since this technique can determine the verifier with about two hash calculations per node, it significantly reduces the amount of processing compared with PoW, which requires more than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> 19 hash calculations as of 2017. In addition, since the input value cannot be controlled even if there is node collusion, it is impossible to control the probability of a win. Furthermore, compared to PoW and PoS, the certainty of consensus can be estimated with high accuracy in a short time. Numerical calculations show that both the randomness of verifier selection by the proposed method and the accuracy of the certainty of consensus range estimation are sufficiently high.
Control of transcription initiation in vitro requires binding of a transcription factor to the distal promoter of the ovalbumin gene. (1986)

We used a cell-free HeLa cell transcription system to identify and characterize transcription factors and the promoter elements that they recognize in RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes. Deletion of the region (-71 to -83) containing the GTCAAA direct repeat resulted in a marked decrease of specific transcription of the ovalbumin gene; transcription could be competed with DNA fragments containing this sequence. Furthermore, DNase I footprinting identified a protein-binding site including this direct repeat with crude extracts and one of the partially purified protein fractions required for transcription. We propose that a soluble factor activates transcription through binding to the direct repeat of GTCAAA sequence upstream from the ovalbumin gene.
Mechanism of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Stimulation of Pituitary Hormone Secretion (1986)

Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and ...Read More
Regulation of Ca2+‐dependent Cl− conductance in a human colonic epithelial cell line (T84): cross‐talk between Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 and protein phosphatases (1998)

1. We have studied the regulation of whole-cell chloride current in T84 colonic epithelial cells by inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate (Ins(3,4,5,6)P4). New information was obtained using (a) microcystin and okadaic acid to inhibit serine/threonine protein phosphatases, and (b) a novel functional tetrakisphosphate analogue, 1, 2-bisdeoxy-1,2-bisfluoro-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 (i.e. F2-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4). 2. Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) increased chloride current 20-fold. This current (ICl,CaMK) continued for 7 +/- 1.2 min before its deactivation, or running down, by approximately 60 %. This run-down was prevented by okadaic acid, whereupon ICl,CaMK remained near its maximum value for >= 14.3 +/- 0.6 min. 3. F2-Ins(3, 4,5,6)P4 inhibited ICl,CaMK (IC50 = 100 microM) stereo-specifically, since its enantiomer, F2-Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 had no effect at >= 500 microM. Dose-response data (Hill coefficient = 1.3) showed that F2-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 imitated only the non-co-operative phase of inhibition by Ins(3,4,5,6)P4, and not the co-operative phase. 4. Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 was prevented from blocking ICl,CaMK by okadaic acid (IC50 = 1.5 nM) and microcystin (IC50 = 0.15 nM); these data lead to the novel conclusion that, in situ, protein phosphatase activity is essential for Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 to function. The IC50 values indicate that more than one species of phosphatase was required. One of these may be PP1, since F2-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4-dependent current blocking was inhibited by okadaic acid and microcystin with IC50 values of 70 nM and 0.15 nM, respectively.
Coherent Process for Random Frequency-Coded Chirp-Subpulse Stepped Frequency Signals (2018)

Random frequency-coded chirp-subpulse stepped frequency signals combine the advantages of frequency-coded signals and chirp signals. Positive characteristics of these signals include low probability of intercept (LPI), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and anti-ratio frequency interference (APFI). Due to inter-pulse frequency hopping, non-coherent accumulation techniques have traditionally been used in signal processing which has led to the deterioration of target detection performance in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as well as clutter environments and limited anti-interference. To combat this problem, a phase cancellation based coherent process for random frequency-coded chirp-subpulse stepped frequency signals is proposed. This method combines the Doppler coherent process and range synthesis in the condition of interpulse frequency hopping. The effectiveness is tested and verified by simulation experiments.
Preparation of Bi4Ti3O12 Thin Films by MOCVD Method and Electrical Properties of Metal/Ferroelectric/Insulator/Semiconductor Structure (1999)

Pt/Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (001)/Bi 2 SiO 5 (100)/Si(100) structures have been fabricated by the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at 500°. Bi 2 SiO 5 film is used as a buffer layer to grow ferroelectric Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 films because of its relatively high dielectric constant ( ε =30). The memory window has a C - V characteristic of about 0.8 V, and the retention time estimated by the zero-bias capacitance for the Pt/100-nm-Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 /30-nm-Bi 2 SiO 5 /Si/Al structure is more than 11 days.
Bufalin Inhibits Tumorigenesis, Stemness, and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer through a C-Kit/Slug Signaling Axis (2022)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major source of morbidity and mortality, characterized by intratumoral heterogeneity and the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Bufalin has potent activity against many tumors, but studies of its effect on CRC stemness are limited. We explored bufalin's function and mechanism using CRC patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and cell lines. In CRC cells, bufalin prevented nuclear translocation of β-catenin and down-regulated CSC markers (CD44, CD133, LGR5), pluripotency factors, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (N-Cadherin, Slug, ZEB1). Functionally, bufalin inhibited CRC spheroid formation, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, migration, and invasion. Network analysis identified a C-Kit/Slug signaling axis accounting for bufalin's anti-stemness activity. Bufalin treatment significantly downregulated C-Kit, as predicted. Furthermore, overexpression of C-Kit induced Slug expression, spheroid formation, and bufalin resistance. Similarly, overexpression of Slug resulted in increased expression of C-Kit and identical functional effects, demonstrating a pro-stemness feedback loop. For further study, we established PDOs from diagnostic colonoscopy. Bufalin differentially inhibited PDO growth and proliferation, induced apoptosis, restored E-cadherin, and downregulated CSC markers CD133 and C-Myc, dependent on C-Kit/Slug. These findings suggest that the C-Kit/Slug axis plays a pivotal role in regulating CRC stemness, and reveal that targeting this axis can inhibit CRC growth and progression.
Ancillary Ligand Effect on the Properties of “Mg(thd)2” and Crystal Structures of [Mg(thd)2(ethylene-diamine)]2, [Mg(thd)2(tmeda)], and [Mg(thd)2(trien)]. (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionAncillary Ligand Effect on the Properties of "Mg(thd)2" and Crystal Structures of [Mg(thd)2(ethylene-diamine)]2, [Mg(thd)2(tmeda)], and [Mg(thd)2(trien)].Timo Hatanpää, Jarno Kansikas, Ilpo Mutikainen, and Markku LeskeläCite this: Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 9, 2208Publication Date (Web):March 21, 2001Publication History Published online21 March 2001Published inissue 1 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic010160rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ic010160rcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (7 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transposing without ends: the non-LTR retrotransposable elements. (1992)

Transposable elements have been discovered in animals, plants, fungi, and protozoans which contain open reading frames similar to the gag and pol genes of retroviruses and retrotransposons but which lack long terminal repeats (LTRs). Recent experiments have shown that these non-LTR elements [also called poly(A) type and LINE-like elements] encode functional reverse transcriptase and replicate via an RNA intermediate. Based on phylogenetic analysis of their encoded reverse transcriptase sequences, the non-LTR retrotransposons are the likely progenitors of retroviruses and LTR retrotransposons. Because retroviruses and LTR retrotransposons depend upon their LTRs for key steps in both transcription and integration, the mechanisms utilized by the non-LTR retrotransposons must be fundamentally different. Internal promoter sequences have been found in several non-LTR elements that initiate transcription upstream at the first nucleotide. Current models for retrotransposition of non-LTR elements propose that the 3' ends of staggered nicks at the chromosomal insertion site serve as primers for first- and second-staggered nicks at the chromosomal insertion site serve as primers for first- and second-strand synthesis from the RNA template. These models suggest that the enzymatic machinery of non-LTR elements is likely to be responsible for the integration of SINEs and processed pseudogenes.
Fluxless flip-chip attachment techniques using the Au/Sn metallurgy (2002)

With the use of the Au/Sn system as solder metallurgy different fluxless flip-chip processes are possible. In the studies for this paper Au/Sn bumped chips are used for soldering in an infrared oven under activated atmosphere with the self-alignment mechanism. A new approach is the successful application of the Au/Sn metallurgy for vapor phase soldering which provides the self-alignment effect as well. Flip-chip bonding on rigid and flexible substrates using a pulse heated thermode is also demonstrated. The scope of this paper is to show the development of different fluxless flip-chip processes with Au/Sn metallurgy on thin film and thick film substrates. The wetting of the pads, the fillet formation and the growth of /spl zeta/-phase are the major subjects of the studies as they determine the bonding result. Shear tests were performed in order to quantify the quality of the interconnection. The results obtained by the different methods are compared and conclusions about the investigated processes drawn.
Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of High Strength 15% Cr Stainless Steel for OCTG (1995)

Abstract Eighty ksi grade 15% Cr stainless steel with 0.12% C, 0.5% Mo, 1.5% Ni and 0.07% N has been developed and corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of 80 ksi grade 15% Cr stainless steel have been already reported. Eighty ksi grade 15% Cr stainless steel shows higher toughness than 80 ksi grade Type 420 which is typical 13% Cr stainless steel for OCTG. A hundred and ten ksi grade Type 420 has not been obtained from the view point of toughness. Compared to the toughness of 80 ksi grade 15% Cr stainless steel and 80 ksi grade Type 420, high strength 15% Cr stainless steel is expected to show good toughness. In this study, toughness, sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistance, CO2 corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion resistance of high strength 15% Cr stainless steel for OCTG are discussed. Corrosion rate in CO2 containing environment and pitting potential do not depend on strength. The fracture appearance transition temperature increases and allowable partial pressure of H2S decreases with increasing hardness. It is possible to obtain high strength CRA which has good CO2 corrosion resistance and high toughness by selecting adequate tempering temperature.