gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoradiographic localization of125I[Tyr14]orphanin FQ/nociceptin and125I[Tyr10]orphanin FQ/nociceptin(1-11) binding sites in rat brain (2000)

The endogenous ligand for the orphan opioid receptor, orphanin FQ/nociceptin (OFQ), has recently been characterized. The OFQ peptide sequence contains paired basic amino acids, suggesting the possibility of posttranslational processing to a peptide containing the first 11 amino acids of the OFQ peptide. This peptide has been reported in the brain and it has a unique pharmacology. In the present study, we compared the autoradiographic distribution of (125)I[Tyr(14)]OFQ and (125)I[Tyr(10)]OFQ(1-11) in coronal rat brain sections. Nonspecific binding was defined with unlabeled OFQ or OFQ(1-11), respectively. Both radioligands demonstrated high levels of specific binding (>95% of total binding), with no appreciable binding in white matter areas with either ligand. (125)I[Tyr(14)]OFQ binding was widely distributed throughout the rat brain. In contrast, (125)I[Tyr(10)]OFQ(1-11) binding was more restricted. The highest (125)I[Tyr(14)]OFQ binding levels measured in this study were found in the locus coeruleus, an area which contained very low (125)I[Tyr(10)]OFQ(1-11) binding. Both ligands labeled the cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. In the thalamus, (125)I[Tyr(14)]OFQ binding was prominent in most nuclei, whereas (125)I[Tyr(10)]OFQ(1-11) binding was restricted to the midline thalamus. (125)I[Tyr(14)]OFQ binding was heavy in the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus, and moderate in other hypothalamic nuclei. (125)I[Tyr(10)]OFQ(1-11) binding in the hypothalamus, however, was present mainly in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Lower binding levels of both ligands were found in the caudate putamen. The distinct autoradiographic patterns of these two ligands are consistent with different binding sites, which might help explain their different functional activities.
Guiding Long-Short Term Memory for Image Caption Generation (2015)

In this work we focus on the problem of image caption generation. We propose an extension of the long short term memory (LSTM) model, which we coin gLSTM for short. In particular, we add semantic information extracted from the image as extra input to each unit of the LSTM block, with the aim of guiding the model towards solutions that are more tightly coupled to the image content. Additionally, we explore different length normalization strategies for beam search in order to prevent from favoring short sentences. On various benchmark datasets such as Flickr8K, Flickr30K and MS COCO, we obtain results that are on par with or even outperform the current state-of-the-art.
Sodium-Induced Elevation of Blood Pressure in the Anephric State (1980)

Normotensive anephric rats infused with 2 milliliters of a hyperosmolar solution of either sodium chloride or mannitol showed an increase in arterial pressure that was very pronounced with the sodium chloride and that could be partly abolished by administration of an antagonist to the vasopressor action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Rats with congenital ADH deficiency subjected to the same treatment showed smaller increments in arterial pressure that remained unchanged after administration of the ADH antagonist. Expansion of intravascular fluid volume was similar in all four groups and bore no correlation to the change in arterial pressure. It is concluded that about half of the increase in blood pressure induced by saline was attributable to the vasopressor effect of stimulated ADH and the remainder to an additional sodium-related factor, since it was more pronounced in the saline-infused than in the mannitol-infused groups. Expansion of the intravascular volume per se could only account for a minimal part of the increment in pressure.
Upconversion nanoparticles for sensitive and in-depth detection of Cu2+ ions (2012)

Detection of Cu(2+) ions and study of their subcellular distribution in physiological processes are of considerable significance because of their potential environmental and biological applications. Some fluorescence based sensors have been developed for selective detection of Cu(2+) ions, based on organic fluorescent probes that specifically bind to Cu(2+) ions. However, these sensors are not suitable for detection in biological samples due to the short penetration depth of UV/visible light used to excite the fluorescent probes. The use of near-infrared (NIR) light can afford penetration depths of an order of magnitude greater than that of visible light, however, a material that can convert NIR light to visible light is required. A facile method has been developed for in-depth detection of Cu(2+) ions based on fluorescence upconversion. A mesoporous silica shell is coated on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and a Cu(2+) ion sensitive fluorescent probe, rhodamine B hydrazide, is incorporated into the mesoporous silica. Upon excitation by a NIR light, the UCNPs emit visible light to excite the Cu(2+)-sensitive fluorescent probe. Because of the unique optical properties of UCNPs and their ability to convert NIR light to visible light, this is a feasible method for sensitive and in-depth detection of Cu(2+) ions in a complex biological or environmental sample due to the low autofluorescence and the high penetration depth of NIR light.
Cloning and Sequencing of cDNA of the Recombinant IN-1 Single-chain Antibody (2002)

Objective To construct a recombinant cloning vector bearing the chemically synthesized cDNA of the recombinant IN-1 single-chain antibody . Method 35 segments with the length ranging from 40 bp ～50 bp were assembled in only one step by a PCR approach. The entire gene was cloned into cloning plasmid vector pUC18 .The sequence of the cloned cDNA was confirmed by DNA sequencing, clone PCR and restriction enzymes analysis. Results Sequence analysis showed that the splicing order, the direction and the sequence in the gene were almost same as those of experimental design except for one nucleotide acid. Conclusion The successful construction of the recombinant vector pUC18 bearing the cDNA might provide materials for the further research about the IN-1 single-chain antibody. [YM5BZ?=292,S]
Deep Age Estimation Model Stabilization from Images to Videos (2018)

Deep learning models for age estimation from a single image have significantly improved the state-of-the-art. However, when deploying a deep age estimation model from images directly to videos, it often suffers from the fluctuation issue, i.e., the estimated age varies a lot for face frames from the same person. To deal with this problem, this work presents a new deep age estimation model specifically designed for video facial age estimation, which produces very stable and accurate age estimation results. The proposed deep architecture for video facial age estimation incorporates a convolutional neural network with an attention mechanism, where the convolutional neural network extracts the facial features, and an attention block aggregates the facial feature vectors into a single feature representation for final age estimation. The whole model is trained by a novel loss function to guarantee both the accuracy of each frame and the stabilization of age estimation results of all the frames. To evaluate the proposed model for video facial age estimation, a new dataset is collected and annotated. Extensive experimental analyses and comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the state-of-the-art performances compared to many competing methods.
Discrimination and analysis of phytoplankton using a microfluidic cytometer (2007)

Identification and analysis of phytoplankton is important for understanding the environmental parameters that are influenced by the oceans, including pollution and climate change. Phytoplanktons are studied at the single cell level using conventional light-field and fluorescence microscopy, but the technique is labour intensive. Flow cytometry enables rapid and quantitative measurements of single cells and is now used as an analytical tool in phytoplankton analysis. However, it has a number of drawbacks, including high cost and portability. We describe the fabrication of a microfluidic (lab-on-a-chip) device for high-speed analysis of single phytoplankton. The device measures fluorescence (at three wavelength ranges) and the electrical impedance of single particles. The system was tested using a mixture of three algae (Isochrysis Galbana, Rhodosorus m., Synechococcus sp.) and the results compared with predictions from theory and measurements using a commercial flow cytometer (BD FACSAria). It is shown that the microfluidic flow cytometer is able to distinguish and characterise these different taxa and that impedance spectroscopy enables measurement of phytoplankton biophysical properties.
In situ immobilization of alkaline protease during inverse suspension polymerization of polyacrylamide and poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel beads (1999)

We report the in situ immobilization of alkaline protease in highly porous polyacrylamide and poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel beads synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization using ammonium persulfate, N,N,N′,N′,-tetraethylmethylenediamine as the redox initiator. The influences of reaction variables on the polymerization, conversion, enzymatic activity, water absorption, and LCST properties were studied in detail. Evaluation of the enzymatic activities on various substrates was carried out for potential applications in the detergent industry. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 2273–2291, 1999
A full-duplex receiver with 80MHz bandwidth self-interference cancellation circuit using baseband Hilbert transform equalization (2017)

To enable simultaneous full-duplex radios, self-interference (SI) cancellation (SIC) circuits that attain large cancellation bandwidths (BWs) are needed to support modern standards such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE). For mobile applications, SIC should be linear, tunable, fully monolithic (compact form factor) and must be implemented at the radio-frequency (RF) front-end. Emulating the group delay (GD) and complex impedance of the SI channel, an SIC circuit is proposed that achieves an 80 MHz of SIC BW using just a single tap delay. GD is estimated using frequency translations and baseband (BB) low pass filtering, and complex impedance is emulated using a vector modulator (VM). We prove that the combination of GD and VM results in a time-domain Hilbert transform equalization (HTE), enabling broadband cancellation and reducing the number of GD taps needed, thereby saving area. Implementing HTE at BB using passive circuits further reduces area, power consumption and maintains linearity. A prototype in 0.13-µm CMOS process occupies 0.4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and attains 23 dB of SIC measured over an 80-MHz signal BW, while consuming 13 mW. Total power and area including the receiver is 64.4 mW and 0.72mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively.
Design of a 64-processor by 128-memory crossbar switching network (2003)

The authors describe the design of a 64-processor by 128-memory CMOS crossbar switching network that establishes working performance and density limits of a medium-scale ideal network. The design is based on advanced packaging technology utilizing tape-automated bonding of integrated circuit components to 3.25"-square high-density interconnect substrates. The maximum available data transfer bandwidth is 5.12 Gb/s. Minimum end-to-end latency to read a 40-bit memory word is 450 ns, while minimum write latency is 300 ns. The expected end-to-end latencies after correcting for contention (assuming uniform access probabilities) are 570 ns and 380 ns, respectively, for the case in which all memory accesses go through the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Should tetracycline treatment be used more extensively for rheumatoid arthritis? Metaanalysis demonstrates clinical benefit with reduction in disease activity. (2003)

Tetracyclines, in particular minocycline, were associated with a clinically significant improvement in disease activity in RA with no absolute increased risk of side effects. Unfortunately, the information available was inadequate to allow a detailed analysis of individual side effects in the studies. Further research is warranted to compare these agents to newer disease modifying drugs for comparable safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness.
Bacterial Diseases of Rice. II. Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Sheath Rot Complex and Grain Discoloration of Rice in the Philippines (1996)

From over 5,600 bacteria isolated from rice plants with sheath rot complex and grain discoloration syndrome, and two batches of 1 kg of rice seed (cultivars IR54 and IR8866), 204 pathogens were initially characterized by phenotypic tests, serology, and growth on selective media, and further distinguished by API 20NE, Biolog, and cellular fatty acid methyl esterfingerprints. The best differentiation was obtained by the Biolog system. The nonfluorescent pathogens were represented by clusters D1 (Burkholderia glumae, formerly Pseudomonas glumae) and E (Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, formerly Pseudomonas avenae). Seven clusters were distinguished among the fluorescent strains associated with sheath rot complex and grain discoloration. Cluster A5 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and cluster B1 as P. fuscovaginae. Cluster B2 is related to Pseudomonas aureofaciens, P. corrugata, P. fluorescens, and P. marginalis. Clusters B1 and B2 were only slightly different. The strains identified as P. fuscovaginae were different from the type strains in 2-ketogluconate production.
Photoacid Structure Effects on Environmental Stability of 193 nm Chemically Amplified Positive Resists (1999)

The effects of a generated photoacid structure on environmental stability at post-exposure bake (PEB) and during post-exposure delay (PED) were investigated for a 193 nm chemically amplified positive resist composed of an ethoxyethyl-blocked alicyclic copolymer and an iodonium sulfonate photoacid generator (PAG). It was found that the influence of airborne contaminants at PEB was less than that during PED. The relationship between environmental stability and generated photoacid properties such as acid strength, reactivity to amine, acid molecular size, reaction efficiency, and activation energy for the deblocking reaction, are discussed. The environmental stability was greatly dominated by the acid strength of generated photoacid, which contributed to the reactivity of the acid with base contaminants. In addition, a good correlation was obtained between the acid molecular size and the lithographic performance. Weak acid (p K a ∼-7) with moderate size (∼100 Å 3 ) exhibited both high environmental stability and high lithographic performance. The high environmental stability of the resist with weak acid was almost the same as that of the 248 nm acetal-type resist, and it is sufficient for practical use.
Enhancement in Thin Films by Introduction of One-Dimensional Artificial Pinning Centers (2005)

by PLD. A normalized resistivity as a function of temperature in magnetic fields shows a sharper resistivity drop for the film with APC, compared to pure YBCO film. of the film with APC was also increased to 0.12 (77 K, , 5 T), which was about two times higher than that of the pure YBCO film. The film had a very large peak when the field was applied close to the -axis. The peak increased with the number density of nano-islands. This indicates that strong APCs parallel to the -axis were incorporated into the YBCO film.
ARTHROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF MUCOID DEGENERATION OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: MEDIUM TERM FOLLOW-UP RESULTS ABOUT 29 CASES (2011)

Introduction: Clinical presentation of mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament (MDACL) associated knee flexion limitation and posterior knee pain. Treatment needs an anterior cruciate ligament resection, with some questions about harmlessness of this procedure. Our hypothesis was that arthroscopic MDACL treatment is an effective procedure for pain and mobility but creates some anterior knee laxity. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study including 29 cases of MDACL (19 men, 8 women). Mean age was 49 years (range 28 to 68). Mean follow-up was 6 years. Diagnosis was done associated clinical and MRI criteria and was confirmed using Mc Intyre’s arthroscopic criteria. A histological analysis was done in 18 cases. Postoperative functional evaluation was done using IKDC and KOOS score. Knee laxity was appreciated using clinical evaluation and radiological evaluation by TELOS measurement. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test (level of significance: p Results: Preoperatively, posterior knee pain was present in 23 knees, and knee flexion limitation in 14 cases. In 10 cases, MDACL was initially misdiagnosed with an inappropriate primary operative treatment. None of theses patients have an anterior knee laxity. Partial anterior cruciate ligament resection was done in 12 cases and complete resection in 17 cases. Meniscectomy was associated in 11 cases. In cases with histological study, diagnosis was always confirmed. After resection knee was painless in 27 cases, and knee flexion increase was 21.52°. A positive Lachman’s test was noted after surgery in all cases, (with a positive Jerk test in 8 cases). Postoperative radiological laxity was greater on the operated side (operated knee vs normal knee: 12.64 /4.33 mm, p Discussion: Mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament should not be confused with anterior cruciate ligament ganglia. Accurate diagnosis could be done using clinical, MRI and arthroscopic diagnosis criteria’s. Arthroscopic treatment of MDACL is an efficient procedure for knee pain and to restore a better knee flexion. However, this procedure created a signifiant anterior knee laxity and could lead in some cases to knee instability especially in young patients.
Comparison of Molecular Dynamics with Classical Density Functional and Poisson–Boltzmann Theories of the Electric Double Layer in Nanochannels (2012)

Comparisons are made among Molecular Dynamics (MD), Classical Density Functional Theory (c-DFT), and Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) modeling of the electric double layer (EDL) for the nonprimitive three component model (3CM) in which the two ion species and solvent molecules are all of finite size. Unlike previous comparisons between c-DFT and Monte Carlo (MC), the present 3CM incorporates Lennard-Jones interactions rather than hard-sphere and hard-wall repulsions. c-DFT and MD results are compared over normalized surface charges ranging from 0.2 to 1.75 and bulk ion concentrations from 10 mM to 1 M. Agreement between the two, assessed by electric surface potential and ion density profiles, is found to be quite good. Wall potentials predicted by PB begin to depart significantly from c-DFT and MD for charge densities exceeding 0.3. Successive layers are observed to charge in a sequential manner such that the solvent becomes fully excluded from each layer before the onset of the next layer. Ultimately, this layer filling phenomenon results in fluid structures, Debye lengths, and electric surface potentials vastly different from the classical PB predictions.
Sizing Up Delinquents' Heads (1989)

No abstract available for this article.
Dispersive Mode Processing of Borehole Acoustic Logs Using Fast Slowness-Frequency Inversion (2018)

Abstract Shear slowness is commonly computed from well log dipole flexural mode data using slowness-time-coherence (STC) processing. Flexural dispersion is handled by restricting the signal's frequency content to the low frequencies that travel close to the formation's shear velocity, or by altering the phase relationships within the waveforms prior to STC processing in accordance with observed dispersion characteristics. Restricting the frequency range may not eliminate the need for a residual dispersion correction, however, and in noisy environments the dispersion curves needed for modifying phase relationships may be of poor quality. Formation and borehole properties have a significant influence on observed frequency content, and selection of bandwidth for the optimal balance between noise and size of the residual dispersion correction adds to overall processing time. Inversion addresses these difficulties by computing shear slowness directly from observed dispersion characteristics, but the process needs to be fast and tolerant to noise to be effective in commercial applications. In order to make the inversion efficient the iterative steps which compare observed and forward modeled dispersion curves are replaced with a fast neural net trained on a large number of pre-modeled curves generated with known formation and borehole properties. Automated mode frequency detection constrains the bandwidth over which dispersion curves are matched, accounting for potentially high levels of noise seen, for example, in horizontal wells. Results from 127,000 modelled and field data points show improved accuracy and precision relative to STC processing.
Frequency-Thermal Characterization of On-Chip Transformers With Patterned Ground Shields (2007)

Extensive studies on the performance of on-chip CMOS transformers with and without patterned ground shields (PGSs) at different temperatures are carried out in this paper. These transformers are fabricated using 0.18-mum RF CMOS processes and are designed to have either interleaved or center-tapped interleaved geometries, respectively, but with the same inner dimensions, metal track widths, track spacings, and silicon substrate. Based on the two-port S-parameters measured at different temperatures, all performance parameters of these transformers, such as frequency- and temperature-dependent maximum available gain (G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ), minimum noise figure (NF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> ), quality factor (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ) of the primary or secondary coil, and power loss (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">loss</sub> ) are characterized and compared. It is found that: 1) the values of the G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> and Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> factor usually decrease with the temperature; however, there may be reverse temperature effects on both G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> and Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> factor beyond certain frequency; 2) with the same geometric parameters, interleaved transformers exhibit better low-frequency performance than center-tapped interleaved transformers, whereas the center-tapped configurations possess lower values of NF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> at higher frequencies; and 3) with temperature rising, the degradation in performance of the interleaved transformers can be effectively compensated by the implementation of a PGS, while for center-tapped geometry, the shielding effectiveness of PGS on the performance improvement is ineffective