gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mean skeletal dose factors for beta-particle emitters in human bone. Part II: surface-seeking radionuclides (1981)

Mean skeletal dose factors for surface-seeking β-emitting radionuclides have been derived on the basis of the β-particle dose factors calculated for human bones by Spiers et al. (1978b), or from empirical formulae representing these calculations given by Beddoe and Spiers (1979). The dose factors are derived for the same tissues as in Part I (Spiers et al., 1978a), namely, (1), sDM/Dskel, the mean dose_to haemopoietic marrow in trabecular bone, and (2), sDS/Dskel, the mean dose to endosteal tissues lying in a zone 0–10 μm from trabecular surfaces. The dose factors are given as fractions of Dskel, the “dose to bone”, calculated from the energy released by the retained radionuclide divided by the total mass of mineral bone. As in Part I, the dose factors are given for three ages, 1.7, 9 and 44 years and extrapolation to lower ages is made on the basis of calculations for a lumbar vertebra of an infant aged 3.5 weeks. The factors are given for six radionuclides covering a range of mean β-particle energies from 0.0255 MeV (171Tm) to 0.93 MeV (90Y). The dosimetry is also considered for some radionuclides that first deposit on bone surfaces before being translocated to the bone volume. In the case of 45Ca, for example, it is shown that the dose calculation that includes both the surface and the volume depositions gives integrated doses to ten days and 100 days that are respectively 4.5 and 1.9 times the corresponding values calculated conventionally on a volume deposition only. Endosteal dose factors are similarly considered, and other radionuclides included as surface-plusvolume depositions are 47Ca, 89Sr and 90Sr + 90Y.
A 10-$\Omega$ High-Voltage Nanosecond Pulse Generator (2010)

Devices used for biological experiments on cell cultures can present a low impedance. In this paper, a numerical and experimental characterization of a high-voltage, nanosecond-pulse, 10-Ω generator is proposed. The generator makes use of a combination of microstrip-line technology and laser-triggered photoconductive semiconductor switches that operate in the linear regime. A standard electroporation cuvette is used to load the generator. SPICE and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) models of the whole setup (i.e., the generator and the cuvette) are developed. Numerical characterization is performed comparing SPICE analysis and FDTD simulations. Experimental characterization on a built prototype is carried out by means of a wideband frequency voltage sensor. A good level of consistency is obtained between the numerical and the experimental voltage intensities measured across the cuvette electrodes.
A comparison of human and macaque (Macaca mulatta) immunoglobulin germline V regions and its implications for antibody engineering (2010)

Seventy-five V regions encoded by the sequenced genome of one Macaca mulatta specimen have been identified by homology, and paired with similar human counterparts. When the human V region of each pair presented no allelic polymorphism, it was directly compared with its homolog. This was the case for 37 pairs, and percents of identity ranged between 84 to 97%. When the human V region presented allelic polymorphism, this polymorphism was found to be significantly smaller (p&lt;0.0001, p&lt;0.0001, p = 0.03 for IGHV, IGLV, IGKV regions respectively), 4.2-fold on average, than the differences observed between human and macaque V regions. Similar results were obtained when analysing framework regions (FRs) only. These results, in agreement with others, demonstrate the existence of differences between human and macaque V regions, confirm the need for the humanization of macaque V regions intended for therapeutic use and call into question the validity of patents relying on the "undistinguishable" character of human and macaque V regions or FRs.
Intact Pathway Successfully Buffers Sage Grouse Migration (2013)

Landscape conservation is the mechanism for conserving migratory wildlife in sagebrush ecosystems. We studied a greater sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter ‘sage-grouse’) population with the longest-known annual migration, ≤ 240 km round-trip, between summer and winter ranges in Saskatchewan, Canada, and northcentral Montana. We asked: Do birds fly quickly through a corridor, or do they use stopovers within a larger pathway? GPS-tracking revealed that migrating grouse frequent stopovers along multiple routes that coalesce to form an integrated pathway. Month-long fall migration in November contrasted with punctuated spring migration lasting ~2 weeks in late March/early April. Individual birds typically spent ~1 day at 9 different stopovers, migrating 71-91 km in 11-15 days. Migrating grouse used native sagebrush rangeland in proportion to its availability and avoided cropland and badlands. Birds responded to record-breaking snowfall in winter 2011 (>274 cm) by migrating another ≤ 50 km south onto windswept ridge tops where sagebrush remained above snow. Grouse selected habitat on Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge most similar to typical winter habitat. Doing so was without consequence to winter survival; such was not the case for a nearby resident population. Newly identified winter range suggests that high site fidelity is tempered by an ability to adapt quickly when resources become scarce. We recommend public land policy that provides grazing opportunities while precluding large-scale energy development or whole scale removal of sagebrush. Management actions that maintain sagebrush as an emergency food source in newly identified sage grouse wintering grounds will help conserve this migratory population.
Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG; NKTR‐214) efficacy as a single agent and in combination with checkpoint‐inhibitor therapy in mouse models of osteosarcoma (2020)

Survival of patients with relapsed/refractory osteosarcoma has not improved in the last 30 years. Several immunotherapeutic approaches have shown benefit in murine osteosarcoma models, including the anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4) immune checkpoint inhibitors. Treatment with the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) has shown some clinical benefit but has limitations due to poor tolerability. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG; NKTR-214), a first-in-class CD122-preferential IL-2 pathway agonist, alone and in combination with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic and orthotopic murine models of osteosarcoma. Treatment with BEMPEG delayed tumor growth and increased overall survival of mice with K7M2-WT osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases. BEMPEG also inhibited primary tumor growth and metastatic relapse in lungs and bone in the K7M3 orthotopic osteosarcoma mouse model. In addition, it enhanced therapeutic activity of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade in the DLM8 subcutaneous murine osteosarcoma model. Finally, BEMPEG strongly increased accumulation of intratumoral effector T cells and natural killer cells, but not T-regulatory cells, resulting in improved effector:inhibitory cell ratios. Collectively, these data in multiple murine models of osteosarcoma provide a path toward clinical evaluation of BEMPEG-based regimens in human osteosarcoma.
종이 휨강성 자동 측정방식의 개발과 그 이용 (2) -실험실 측정- (2007)

【A simple method of on-line stiffness measurement using the wrinkling behavior of paper web between two rollers was presented. The theory and the equation were presented, and lab and mill tests were executed. We called the stiffness measured by Taber tester as 'Taber stiffness', and by tension wrinkling measurement as 'wrinkle stiffness', respectively. Lab experimental results showed Taber and wrinkle stiffness are almost equivalent. In the mill experiment, we could measure the stiffness in the wet state and in the dry state. The dry wrinkle stiffness was close to the taber stiffness, but the wet wrinkle stiffness was much lower than the corresponding taber stiffness.】
Marked enhancement of 320–360 nm ultraviolet emission in quaternary InxAlyGa1−x−yN with In-segregation effect (2002)

We demonstrated room-temperature (RT) intense ultraviolet (UV) emission in the wavelength range of 315–370 nm from quaternary InxAlyGa1−x−yN alloys grown by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. We found that the UV emission is considerably enhanced by the In-segregation effect upon introducing 2%–5% of In into AlGaN. The In incorporation in quaternary InxAlyGa1−x−yN is markedly enhanced with the increase of Al content when using a relatively high growth temperature (830–850 °C), resulting in efficient RT UV emission. Maximally efficient emission was obtained at around 330–360 nm from the fabricated quaternary InxAlyGa1−x−yN (x=2.0%–4.8%,y=12%–34%). The intensity of the 330 nm emission from quaternary In0.034Al0.12Ga0.85N was as strong as that of the 430 nm emission from In0.22Ga0.78N at RT. We clearly observed In segregation of submicron size from cathode luminescence images of quaternary InAlGaN films.
Isolation of flavonoids, a biscoumarin and an amide from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa and the evaluation of their anti‐complement activity (2006)

As part of an ongoing study aimed at identifying the anti-complement active compound from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa, ten flavonoids, one biscoumarin and one amide were isolated. Their structures were identified from spectroscopic and physicochemical data as genkwanin 5-O-beta-d-primveroside (1), apigenin 7-O-beta-d-glucuronide (2), genkwanin 5-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin 5-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4), genkwanin (5), apigenin (6), luteolin 7-methyl ether (7), luteolin (8), daphnoretin (9), velutin (10), 7-methoxyacacetin (11) and aurantiamide acetate (12). Among them, compounds 9, 10 and 12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-complement activity of these compounds was tested against the classical pathway of the complement system. Among the compounds, daphnoretin (9) exhibited significant anti-complement activity with an IC(50) value of 11.4 microm, whereas the other compounds were not active in the assay.
[Chromosome studies of personnel exposed to electromagnetic radiation at radar centers]. (1976)

The possibility that chromosome alterations take place in personnel exposed to electromagnetic radiation in radar centres has been studied. The study was carried out "blind" on short-term cultures of peripheral blood, some 450 metaphases being analysed for each case. No aberrations were found in either radar operators or controls and there was no statistically significant difference between them.
TarFisDock: a web server for identifying drug targets with docking approach (2006)

TarFisDock is a web-based tool for automating the procedure of searching for small molecule-protein interactions over a large repertoire of protein structures. It offers PDTD (potential drug target database), a target database containing 698 protein structures covering 15 therapeutic areas and a reverse ligand-protein docking program. In contrast to conventional ligand-protein docking, reverse ligand-protein docking aims to seek potential protein targets by screening an appropriate protein database. The input file of this web server is the small molecule to be tested, in standard mol2 format; TarFisDock then searches for possible binding proteins for the given small molecule by use of a docking approach. The ligand-protein interaction energy terms of the program DOCK are adopted for ranking the proteins. To test the reliability of the TarFisDock server, we searched the PDTD for putative binding proteins for vitamin E and 4H-tamoxifen. The top 2 and 10% candidates of vitamin E binding proteins identified by TarFisDock respectively cover 30 and 50% of reported targets verified or implicated by experiments; and 30 and 50% of experimentally confirmed targets for 4H-tamoxifen appear amongst the top 2 and 5% of the TarFisDock predicted candidates, respectively. Therefore, TarFisDock may be a useful tool for target identification, mechanism study of old drugs and probes discovered from natural products. TarFisDock and PDTD are available at http://www.dddc.ac.cn/tarfisdock/.
Homogeneous Liquid Crystal Alignment on Ion Beam-Induced Y2Sn2O7Layers (2015)

Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> nanoparticle layer fabricated by ion beam (IB) irradiation after annealing is reported here. Spherical particles were induced after IB irradiation as demonstrated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. When this layer was used as an alignment layer, homogeneous alignment of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) was observed with a small pretilt angle due to van der Waals interactions between LCs and the Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> layer and interactions between benzene rings of the LCs and broken chemical bonds. The resulting electric-controlled twist nematic cell showed excellent electrical-optical properties, indicating that our approach holds great potential for creating commercial LC displays (LCDs).
Development and Training of a Neural Controller for Hind Leg Walking in a Dog Robot (2017)

Animals dynamically adapt to varying terrain and small perturbations with remarkable ease. These adaptations arise from complex interactions between the environment and biomechanical and neural components of the animal's body and nervous system. Research into mammalian locomotion has resulted in several neural and neuro-mechanical models, some of which have been tested in simulation, but few "synthetic nervous systems" have been implemented in physical hardware models of animal systems. One reason is that the implementation into a physical system is not straightforward. For example, it is difficult to make robotic actuators and sensors that model those in the animal. Therefore, even if the sensorimotor circuits were known in great detail, those parameters would not be applicable and new parameter values must be found for the network in the robotic model of the animal. This manuscript demonstrates an automatic method for setting parameter values in a synthetic nervous system composed of non-spiking leaky integrator neuron models. This method works by first using a model of the system to determine required motor neuron activations to produce stable walking. Parameters in the neural system are then tuned systematically such that it produces similar activations to the desired pattern determined using expected sensory feedback. We demonstrate that the developed method successfully produces adaptive locomotion in the rear legs of a dog-like robot actuated by artificial muscles. Furthermore, the results support the validity of current models of mammalian locomotion. This research will serve as a basis for testing more complex locomotion controllers and for testing specific sensory pathways and biomechanical designs. Additionally, the developed method can be used to automatically adapt the neural controller for different mechanical designs such that it could be used to control different robotic systems.
Challenges of rapamycin repurposing as a potential therapeutic candidate for COVID-19: implications for skeletal muscle metabolic health in older persons (2022)

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has spread worldwide, resulting in over 6 million deaths as of March 2022. Older people have been disproportionately affected by the disease, as they have a greater risk of hospitalization, are more vulnerable to severe infection, and have higher mortality than younger patients. Although effective vaccines have been rapidly developed and administered globally, several clinical trials are ongoing to repurpose existing drugs to combat severe infection. One such drug, rapamycin, is currently under study for this purpose, given its immunosuppressant effects that are mediated by its inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of cell growth. Consistent with this premise, acute rapamycin administration in young healthy humans blocks or attenuates mTOR and its downstream effectors, leading to the inhibition of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Skeletal muscle mass declines when MPS is chronically lower than muscle protein breakdown. This is consequential for older people who are more susceptible to anabolic resistance (i.e., the blunting of MPS) due to reduced activity, sedentariness, or bed rest such as that associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, and who have also demonstrated a delayed or blunted ability to regain inactivity-induced muscle loss. The lack of studies investigating rapamycin administration on skeletal muscle in older people, and the emergence of effective antiviral medications against severe infection, may indicate the reduced relevance of drug repurposing for present or future pandemics.
Bilateral Chronic Subdural Hematomas Associated with Intracranial Hypotension —Case Report— (1996)

A 56-year-old female presented with chronic subdural hematoma due to spontaneous (primary) intracranial hypotension (SIH). She was admitted in a deep coma. Computed tomography showed bilateral chronic subdural hematomas with tight basal cisterns. Percutaneous aspiration of the chronic subdural hematoma with the twist drill revealed negative pressure. The neurological symptoms rapidly improved postoperatively, but the chronic subdural hematoma recurred three times, requiring further aspiration procedures. Patients with SIH may develop subdural hematoma requiring surgical treatment.
Heat-shock Treatments Increase the Chilling Tolerance of Harvested Asparagus Spears (2017)

Holding harvested asparagus spears at non-freezing temperatures below 2.5 °C induces chilling injury (CI), a physiological disorder that reduces quality and shelf life. CI can be quantified by subjective visual parameters, or by objective measurements of the increased rate of ion leakage from excised tissue into an isotonic bathing solution. The rate of ion leakage from apical (2–3 cm), middle (9–10 cm), and basal (15–16 cm) segments excised from 18-cm asparagus spears increased after 7 days of chilling at 2.5 °C. The increase continued and was similar for middle and basal segments after 14 days of chilling, but more pronounced from apical segments. Various heat-shock treatments (i.e., combinations of temperature and duration) decreased the chilling-induced increase in ion leakage from these 1-cm stem segments. Although the chilling tolerance of all spear segments was increased by specific heat-shock treatments, the optimal temperature and duration of exposure varied among the segments; some treatments that were effective in segments from one location were either ineffective or damaging to segments from another location. As the apical half of the whole spear is the predominant culinary portion and contains the most chilling sensitive tissue, heat-shock treatments that would increase the chilling tolerance of the upper half of whole spears were selected for further study. These heat-shock treatments were applied to freshly harvested whole 18-cm asparagus spears that were chilled at 2.5 °C for 14 days. Two treatment combinations (i.e., 45 °C for 4.0 ± 0.6 minutes or 50 °C for 2.9 ± 0.8 minutes) were identified that maintained the highest level of quality and significantly reduced the rate of chilling-induced ion leakage.
Object make (1995)

article Object make: a tool for constructing software systems from existing software components Share on Author: Yasuhiro Sugiyama Department of Computer Science, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963, Japan Department of Computer Science, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963, JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesVolume 20Issue SIAug. 1995 pp 128–136https://doi.org/10.1145/223427.211826Online:01 August 1995Publication History 1citation311DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads311Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Observation of multiple Er3+ sites in Er-implanted GaN by site-selective photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy (1997)

Photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopies have been carried out at 6 K on the 1540 nm I13/24→I15/24 emission of Er3+ in Er-implanted films of GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The PLE spectra exhibit several broad below-gap absorption bands, which excite three distinct site-selective Er3+ PL spectra. The excitation of two of the site-selective Er PL bands involves optical absorption by defects or background impurities, rather than direct intra-f shell absorption, with subsequent nonradiative transfer of the energy to nearby Er3+ luminescence centers. The characteristics of the PLE spectrum of the third site-selective PL band suggest that an exciton bound at an Er-related trap is involved in the excitation mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: SILICA GEL SUPPORTED PHOSPHONIUM SALTS AS MICELLAR AND PHASE‐TRANSFER CATALYSTS (1980)

Abstract Es wird festgestellt, daß an Silicagel gebundene Phosphoniumsalze wie die Verbindung (I) als Phasentransfer‐Katalysatoren und Micellarkatalysatoren wirken.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanocoils by Two-step Growth Method Using Microwave Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (2005)

Carbon nanocoils (CNCs) have been synthesized by a two-step growth method using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD). At the first growth step, Si nanorods are grown on the Si substrate covered with a PtPd thin film of 2 nm thickness. At the second growth step, an Fe thin film of 1 nm thickness is deposited on the nanorods and the CNCs are successfully synthesized by MPECVD. The CNCs are grown together with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the yield of CNCs is about 10%. The mechanism underlying coil formation is explained by the anisotropy of incident ion flux into the deposited Fe catalyst on the nanorods.