gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Alternative Approach to Myelodysplasia Management: Aggressive Observation and Prompt Intervention (1994)

We have adopted an approach to the management of myelodysplasia patients which is contrary to that most commonly supported by the existing literature. We screen patients shortly after birth with ultrasound, urine culture and serum creatinine, and then follow patients at 3 to 6-month intervals with similar studies. Cystography and urodynamics are done only as required clinically or by a change in the sonogram. Clean intermittent catheterization is indicated for continence or medical reasons. With this approach of aggressive observation and prompt intervention, we observed a rate of renal deterioration (diminished function on renal scan or parenchymal loss on imaging studies) of 5%. Renal deterioration was associated statistically with urinary tract infections and reflux. Patients started on clean intermittent catheterization for medical indications had greater risk for renal deterioration than those started on it for continence. Renal deterioration occurred with equal frequency between patients with abnormal and normal urodynamic studies, that is urodynamics did not predict renal deterioration. Our data show a rate of renal deterioration similar to other reports. We believe that aggressive observation with prompt intervention for problems once identified represents a reasonable alternative to managing patients with myelodysplasia.
Priority alarm system [for passenger railways] (2002)

The travelling public needs to be able to raise an alarm in the instance of personal safety, health concerns or to report an observation about the safety of equipment in their vicinity. The priority alarm system is a means of displaying information to the crew for conditions in their consist of passenger cars, which can be multiplexed on existing train lines.
The Human Membrane Progesterone Receptor Gene: Genomic Structure and Promoter Analysis (2001)

Rapid, nongenomic effects of steroids are likely to be mediated by membrane receptors not by intracellular steroid receptors. We recently identified a progesterone membrane binding protein (mPR) from human liver. The corresponding hmpr gene is comprised of 3 exons and 2 introns. The promoter sequence of hmpr lacks a typical TATA box but contains instead a high homology to a transcription Initiatior consensus sequence, which overlaps the experimentally determined transcriptional start site. The major proximal promoter is GC-rich and sequence analysis revealed a CpG island spanning the transcriptional start site. Several putative cis-regulatory DNA-motifs, which represent possible binding sites for transcription factors like AP2, NF-AT, Ahr/Arnt and C/EBP were identified in the genomic upstream region by sequence homology. Functional analysis of differently deleted fragments of the hmpr upstream region in a GFP-reportergene assay in transiently transfected cultured cells indicates the general testability of the hmpr promoter in vivo.
Genetic Analysis in Young-Age-of-Onset Graves' Disease Reveals New Susceptibility Loci (2014)

Genetic analysis identified novel susceptibility loci in YAO GD adding a new dimension to the understanding of GD etiology.
An Assessment of the Quality of Mammography Care at Facilities Treating Medically Vulnerable Populations (2008)

Facilities serving high proportions of vulnerable populations provide screening mammography with equal or better quality (as reflected in higher specificity with no corresponding decrease in sensitivity) than other facilities. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these findings.
The complementary redox properties of viologens and pyromellitimides: a new class of organic conductors [Erratum to document cited in CA114(4):31765e] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe complementary redox properties of viologens and pyromellitimides: a new class of organic conductors [Erratum to document cited in CA114(4):31765e]Stephen L. Buchwalter, Revathi Iyengar, Alfred Viehbeck, Alfred O'Toole, and R. TerrenceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 16, 6345Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00016a102RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (148 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Origination of New Immunological Functions in the Costimulatory Molecule B7-H3: The Role of Exon Duplication in Evolution of the Immune System (2011)

B7-H3, a recently identified B7 family member, has different isoforms in human and mouse. Mouse B7-H3 gene has only one isoform (2IgB7-H3) with two Ig-like domains, whereas human B7-H3 has two isoforms (2IgB7-H3 and 4IgB7-H3). In this study a systematic genomic survey across various species from teleost fishes to mammals revealed that 4IgB7-H3 isoform also appeared in pigs, guinea pigs, cows, dogs, African elephants, pandas, megabats and higher primate animals, which resulted from tandem exon duplication. Further sequence analysis indicated that this duplication generated a new conserved region in the first IgC domain, which might disable 4IgB7-H3 from releasing soluble form, while 2IgB7-H3 presented both membrane and soluble forms. Through three-dimensional (3D) structure modeling and fusion-protein binding assays, we discovered that the duplicated isoform had a different structure and might bind to another potential receptor on activated T cells. In T cell proliferation assay, human 2IgB7-H3 (h2IgB7-H3) and mouse B7-H3 (mB7-H3) both increased T cell proliferation and IL-2, IFN-γ production, whereas human 4IgB7-H3 (h4IgB7-H3) reduced cytokine production and T cell proliferation compared to control. Furthermore, both h2IgB7-H3 and mB7-H3 upregulated the function of lipopolysacharide (LPS)-activated monocyte in vitro. Taken together, our data implied that during the evolution of vertebrates, B7-H3 exon duplication contributed to the generation of a new 4IgB7-H3 isoform in many mammalian species, which have carried out distinct functions in the immune responses.
Effect of the chemical grafting of epoxy resin onto organomodified montmorillonite on the structure and heat resistance of an epoxy nanocomposite (2011)

It is shown that the noncatalyzed chemical grafting of an epoxy oligomer onto the surface of montmorillonite platelets may proceed via the reaction between the epoxy groups and the hydroxyl groups of the organic modifying agent of the layered aluminosilicate. The effect of grafting on the structure and heat resistance of the cured epoxy nanocomposite is studied. Complete exfoliation of montmorillonite particles into individual platelets is shown to be a necessary but insufficient condition for increasing the glass-transition temperature of the nanocomposite relative to that of the initial matrix. A much higher contribution to the increase in the glass-transition temperature is ensured by grafting of epoxy molecular chains onto the surface of aluminosilicate platelets; i.e., strong covalent matrix-aluminosilicate bonds form in addition to physical bonds, a process that entails development of a thicker three-dimensional network.
Figure S5 from Kindlin-2 Regulates the Growth of Breast Cancer Tumors by Activating CSF-1–Mediated Macrophage Infiltration (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This Figure reports Kaplan-Meier plot correlating survival of 3951 breast cancer patients with CSF-1 expression levels&lt;/p&gt;
Estimating terminal phase equilibria in ternary systems (1969)

An analytical method for the estimation of terminal two-phase equilibria in ternary systems is presented. The method utilizes thermodynamic solution parameters, free energies of transformation of pure components and phase equilibria of the relevant binary systems.At low solute concentrations or at higher concentrations in systems where solute interactions are weak, it is shown that ternary isotherms are characterized by approximately linear phase boundaries and constant solute partition coefficients.The method has been employed to calculate several tie-lines of the 1510°C isotherm in the iron-rich comer of the Fe-Mn-S diagram. In this moderately rich solution system typifying fairly strong solute interaction, the curvature of the phase boundaries and variation of the partition coefficients throughout the two-phase region are found to be minimal (for the parameters used in the calculations). Résumé Cette communication fait part d'une méthode de calcul des lignes de conjugaison dans les régions terminales d'un diagramme de phases ternaire. La méthode utilise les paramètres thermodynamiques de solution, les énergies libres de transformation des composants, et les diagrammes de phases binaires qui limitent le diagramme ternaire.On démontre que les isothermes sont linéaires et les coefficients de partage invariables lorsque les interactions entre solutés sont faibles.La méthode a servi au calcul des lignes de conjugaison de la région fer δ + liquide du système Fe-Mn-S à 1510°C. On constate que la courbure des isothermes et la variation des coefficients de partage d'un bout à l'autre de la région bi-phasée sont minimes.
Ambiguities in Spacebornene Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems (1983)

Several aspects of range and azimuth (time delay and Doppler) ambiguities in spaceborne synthetic aperture radars (SARs) are examined. An accurate method to evaluate the ratio of the intensities of the ambiguities to that of the signal is described. This method has been applied to the nominal SAR system on SEASAT and the variations of this ratio as a function of orbital latitude and attitude control error are discussed. It is also shown that the detailed range migration-azimuth phase history of an ambiguity is different from that of a signal. The images of ambiguities are, therefore, dispersed. Several examples of such dispersed images observed by the SEASAT SAR are presented. These dispersions are eliminated when the processing parameters are adjusted appropriately. Finally, a method is described which uses a set of multiple pulse repetition frequencies to determine the absolute values of the Doppler centroid frequencies for SARs with high carrier frequencies and relatively poor attitude measurements.
Opportunities and Challenges for Intensive Silviculture in Alberta, Canada (2021)

Intensive silviculture is practiced in many parts of the world but is rare in the public forests of western Canada. Here, we make the argument that intensive silviculture could be justified in Alberta but has not been implemented due to philosophies and policy decisions by foresters from government, industry and academia. These include adherence to long rotations, management goals that are aimed at sustained total volume yield rather than economic value, limitations in the types of stands that are allowed to be regenerated and models that do not include intensive silviculture options. In Mixedwood Growth Model projections, we demonstrate the potential of intensive silviculture that includes combinations of selecting good sites and thinning to produce merchantable stands by age 50 compared to the standard rotation age of 80 with basic silviculture. There could be even more gains if forest level constraints in timber flow were removed due to the increased growth of regenerating stands. Finally, we examine the attitude and policy changes that we believe are necessary for adoption of more intensive silviculture systems on parts of Alberta’s forest landbase.
Variability and genetic determinants of cocoa aromas in trees native to South Ecuadorian Amazonia (2022)

Societal Impact Statement Recent surveys conducted on Amazonian cocoa trees in their home range are a unique opportunity to assess the aromas, diversity and potential of the Ecuadorian Amazon to create new aromatic cocoa varieties. Our results reveal informations about the diversity and genesis of aromas in Ecuadorian fine cocoa. The great aromatic diversity could enrich cocoa flavour selection programmes and provide Amazonian populations with new income linked to aromatic varieties, which could lead to a ‘ grand cru ’ chocolate. Until now, breeding programmes have been mainly focused on improving characteristics for production, but in recent years cocoa quality has been increasingly examined to meet market expectations. Summary Ecuador is known worldwide for its fine or flavour cocoa from the Nacional variety. Currently, farmers mainly grow the modern Nacional variety of cocoa trees (hybrids between the ancestral Nacional and Trinitario) while the ancestral Nacional variety tends to be neglected. In order to enlarge the genetic resources related to this ancestral variety, several surveys were carried out in its area of origin located in the South Ecuadorian Amazonia. The 202 trees resulting from these surveys were genotyped using GBS (Genotyping By Sequencing) markers and their dried‐fermented beans were characterised for both their aromatic volatile compounds and sensorial quality. A genome wide association study (GWAS) was carried out with the aim to study the genetic and biochemical bases of the aroma traits of this population and to better exploit them in breeding programmes. Some association areas and candidate genes related to spicy and woody aromas were found for the first time in Theobroma cacao . Some association areas and candidate genes related to floral and fruity aromas common to other studies were identified. Our results support the hypothesis that aroma formation may be related to a defence reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses generated by the fermentation process.
Electrical stimulation of peripheral and central pathways for the relief of musculoskeletal pain (1991)

One method for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain involves stimulation of the peripheral or central nervous system. Such stimulation includes transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, dorsal column stimulation, and deep brain stimulation. This review discusses the clinical use of electrical stimulation for the relief of musculoskeletal pain, and describes the results of studies conducted in our laboratory suggesting that such stimulation reduces pain transmission along sensory-discriminative pathways.
Should the P.R.C. Favor Software and Business Method Patents (2012)

Another venue to enforce a patent right is through an administrative proceeding. 42 A patent owner may file a complaint in a local intellectual property office. 43 The administrative agency, by an order, may enjoin an accused infringer but cannot grant damages to a patent owner. 44 Administrative orders can be appealed to the corresponding higher people's court. 45 B.Statistical Data of Patents in the P.R.C.As the P.R.C. becomes one of the most important markets in the world, more and more patent applications are filed there.From 1984 to February 2010, 5,945,970 patent applications have been filed, and 3,164,783 patents have been issued. 46 In 2009 alone, 976,686 patent applications were filed in the Chinese SIPO. 47Among those applications, Chinese domestic persons and entities filed 877,611 patent applications, and foreign persons and entities filed 99,075 patent applications. 48 By the end of 2009, 1,520,023 patents were granted and remained valid: Chinese domestic inventors had filed 1,193,110 patents, and foreign inventors had and debate with the opposite party; (2) there is a need to explain facts to the panel; (3) there is a need to demonstrate a physical object; or (4) there is a need to call a witness giving evidential statement to provide testimony, and a patent applicant may request oral proceeding based upon one of the following reasons: (1) there is a need to explain facts or provide rationale for patentability of the application to the panel; or (2) there is a need to demonstrate a physical object).41 See Zuigao Renmin Fayuan Guanyu Shenli Zhuanli Jiufen Anjian Shiyong Falu Wenti de Ruogan Gueiding, supra note 36, art. 2 (stating that the high people's courts shall be appellate courts for patent dispute cases including the Patent Reexamination Board's decisions).
Supplementary File 1 from HORMAD1 Is a Negative Prognostic Indicator in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Specifies Resistance to Oxidative and Genotoxic Stress (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Top 10% (251 genes) identified by S2N analysis to be upregulated in HORMAD1 high LUAD tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Cellular Quantification of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Brain by Immunoautoradiography (1993)

We developed a rapid and sensitive radioimmunohistochemical method for the quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) at both the anatomical and cellular level. Coronal tissue sections from fresh-frozen rat brains were incubated in the presence of a TH monoclonal antibody. The reaction was revealed with a 35S-labeled secondary antibody. TH content was quantified in catecholaminergic brain areas by measuring optical density on autoradiographic films or silver grain density on autoradiographic emulsion-coated sections. Regional TH concentrations determined in the locus ceruleus (LC), substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) were significantly increased by 45% after reserpine treatment in the LC but unchanged in the SNC and VTA. Microscopic examination of TH radioimmunolabeling showed a heavy accumulation of silver grains over catecholaminergic cell bodies. In the LC, grain density per cell was heterogeneous and higher in the ventral than in the dorsal part of the structure. After reserpine treatment, TH levels were significantly increased (57%) in the neurons of the LC but not in those of the SNC or VTA. The data support the validity of this radioimmunohistochemical method as a tool for quantifying TH protein at the cellular level and they confirm that TH protein content is differentially regulated in noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurons in response to reserpine.
Applying Benford's Law as an Efficient and Low-cost Solution for Verifying the Authenticity of Users’ Video Streams in Learning Management Systems (2021)

An important challenge of online learning management systems (LMS) relates to continuously verifying the identity of students even after they have successfully authenticated. Although various continuous user identification solutions exist, they are rather focused on complex examination proctoring systems. Challenges further increase within large-scale online courses, which require a strong infrastructure to support numerous real-time video streams for verifying the identity of students. Considering that the students’ input video stream is an important factor for verifying their identity, and given that naturally generated data streams have been found to adhere to a pre-defined behavior as indicated by the Benford's law, in this work we investigate whether Benford's law can be applied as a reliable, efficient and cost-effective method for the detection of authentic vs. pre-recorded input video streams during continuous students’ identity verification within online LMS. In doing so, we suggest a prediction model based on the distribution of the first digits of image Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients from the students’ input video stream. We found that the input video stream type (authentic vs. pre-recorded) can be inferred within a few seconds in real-time. A system performance evaluation indicates that the suggested model can support up to 1000 concurrent online students using a conventional and low-cost server setup and architecture.
Growth Technologies for 300 mm Arsenic Heavily Doped Silicon Single Crystals (2006)

Arsenic heavily doped silicon substrates are vital to the power devices and power integrated circuits. The present work focuses on the series growth technologies for 300 mm silicon crystals heavily doped with arsenic. The 22 hot zone has been employed and growth parameters have been optimized to improve the yield of the as-grown ingots. The systemic processes have been applied for the human safety and environmental concerns, which guarantee the exhaust gas and water have met the requirement for the national laws of the environmental protection.
Evaluación y selección participativa de nuevas líneas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L., sección Lycopersicon) en Camagüey (2008)

"Con vistas a continuar incrementando la diversidad genética de la especie Solanum lycopersicum L., sección Lycopersicon en manos de los productores de Camagüey y contribuir a que ellos adopten variedades mejor adaptadas a las características de sus fincas, se realizaron investigaciones en las áreas experimentales del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Viandas Tropicales, Camagüey, y en la finca de un productor perteneciente a la CCS "Niceto Pérez" en Vertientes. Se realizó un ensayo comparativo de rendimiento, tal y como está establecido por los métodos tradicionales de mejoramiento genético de plantas y dos ferias de agrobiodiversidad, una de las herramientas de los nuevos métodos de mejora conocidos como Fitomejoramiento Participativo. Los resultados del ensayo comparativo fueron evaluados mediante un Análisis de Varianza de clasificación doble y la prueba de Newman Keuls para establecer el efecto varietal. Los resultados de la feria se analizaron por el número de veces que fue seleccionada cada variedad, determinándose además la influencia del género y la función social de los participantes en la selección. Las variedades Lignon, Campbell- 28 y Tropical C-28-V alcanzaron los mayores valores en el ensayo comparativo de Camagüey; sinembargo, las líneas 38, Lignon y 43 mostraron buen comportamiento en las ferias. Rilia y Amalia fueron las más seleccionadas en la feria de Vertientes. Se recomienda continuar el trabajo de generalización en la producción comercial de las variedades: Lignon, Rilia, Amalia, Mariela y Mara e incluir en nuevas pruebas las líneas 38 y 43."
Novel Physics-Based Ensemble Modeling Approach That Utilizes 3D Molecular Conformation and Packing to Access Aqueous Thermodynamic Solubility: A Case Study of Orally Available Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain Inhibitor Lead Optimization Series (2021)

Drug design with patient centricity for ease of administration and pill burden requires robust understanding of the impact of chemical modifications on relevant physicochemical properties early in lead optimization. To this end, we have developed a physics-based ensemble approach to predict aqueous thermodynamic crystalline solubility, with a 2D chemical structure as the input. Predictions for the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor series show very close match (0.5 log unit) with measured thermodynamic solubility for cases with low crystal anisotropy and good match (1 log unit) for high anisotropy structures. The importance of thermodynamic solubility is clearly demonstrated by up to a 4 log unit drop in solubility compared to kinetic (amorphous) solubility in some cases and implications thereof, for instance on human dose. We have also demonstrated that incorporating predicted crystal structures in thermodynamic solubility prediction is necessary to differentiate (up to 4 log unit) between solubility of molecules within the series. Finally, our physics-based ensemble approach provides valuable structural insights into the origins of 3-D conformational landscapes, crystal polymorphism, and anisotropy that can be leveraged for both drug design and development.