gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Algorithm for Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Large-Scale Systems Part I: Description of the Method (Ein effizienter Algorithmus für die nichtlineare prädiktive Regelung großer Systeme Teil I: Methodenbeschreibung) (2002)

The work at hand consists of two parts: In Part I appearing in this issue, we present an efficient state-of-the-art algorithm for online optimization in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC), the so called real-time iteration scheme; in Part II, which will appear in the next issue, we give an experimental proof-of-concept of the method, by presenting results obtained at a pilot-scale distillation column, where reoptimized controls are delivered every 20 seconds, employing a stiff differential-algebraic optimization model with more than 200 system states. The efficiency of the approach that is based on the direct multiple shooting method is due to a special initialization technique, the so called initial value embedding, which enables an optimal transition from one optimization problem to the next one. This allows to intertwine the optimization iterations with the process development in a way that only one iteration needs to be performed per sampling time, and the iterates nevertheless stay close to the respective optimal nonlinear solutions. A main advantage of the algorithm lies in the fact that nonlinear first principle system models – which are often developed anyway for process analysis and design – can be reused in a straightforward way for control purposes, even if they are large-scale.
Action Recognition based on Subdivision-Fusion Model (2015)

This paper proposes a novel Subdivision-Fusion Model (SFM) to recognize human actions. In most action recognition tasks, overlapping feature distribution is a common problem leading to overfitting. In the subdivision stage of the proposed SFM, samples in each category are clustered. Then, such samples are grouped into multiple more concentrated subcategories. Boundaries for the subcategories are easier to find and as consequence overfitting is avoided. In the subsequent fusion stage, the multi-subcategories classification results are converted back to the original category recognition problem. Two methods to determine the number of clusters are provided. The proposed model has been thoroughly tested with four popular datasets. In the Hollywood2 dataset, an accuracy of 79.4% is achieved, outperforming the state-of-the-art accuracy of 64.3%. The performance on the YouTube Action dataset has been improved from 75.8% to 82.5%, while considerably improvements are also observed on the KTH and UCF50 datasets.
Familial Properdin Deficiency and Fatal Meningococcemia (1987)

INHERITED deficiencies of various complement proteins are being recognized with increasing frequency. Careful evaluation of these deficiency states has augmented our understanding of the biologic function of individual components of the complement system, as well as of the system as a whole. Approximately half the affected persons are healthy. Nevertheless, typical clinical features have been found in the remainder, and should suggest a diagnosis of complement deficiency and identify the particular component or activation pathway that is defective.1 , 2 Inherited deficiencies of the nonregulatory components of the alternative pathway have been recognized only rarely. This report describes a large family in . . .
K3 [Pt2(SO4)4H(HSO4)2]: A Platinum(III) Sulfate with [Pt2(SO4)4] Cores Linked by [H(HSO4)2]‐ Units. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stanniocalcin-1 Regulates Extracellular ATP-Induced Calcium Waves in Human Epithelial Cancer Cells by Stimulating ATP Release from Bystander Cells (2010)

The results indicated that STC1 plays an important role in the early response to mechanical injury by epithelial cells by modulating signaling of extracellular ATP. This is the first report to describe STC1 as a modulator or purinergic receptor signaling.
Acute effects of haemodialysis on circulating microparticles (2018)

Dialysis triggers release of MPs of various origins with marked differences between high-flux and low-flux dialysers. The MPs carry surface molecules that could possibly influence coagulation, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. The clinical impact of these findings remains to be established in future studies.
A novel fault classification technique for double-circuit lines based on a combined unsupervised/supervised neural network (1999)

Summary form only as given. The work described in this paper addresses the problems encountered by conventional techniques in fault type classification in double-circuit transmission lines; these arise principally due to the mutual coupling between the two circuits under fault conditions, and this mutual coupling is highly variable in nature. It is shown that a neural network based on a combined unsupervised/supervised training methodology provides the ability to accurately classify the fault type by identifying different patterns of the associated voltages and currents. The technique is compared with that based solely on a supervised training algorithm (i.e., bad-propagation network classifier). It is then tested under differed fault types, location resistance and inception angle; different source capacities and load angles are also considered. All the test results show that the proposed fault classifier is very well suited for classifying fault types in double-circuit lines.
Introduction. (2012)

This chapter discusses radar entomology and its applications in insect movement research. Techniques on how animal movements can be investigated using radar are outlined. A brief historical account of the origins and development of radar entomology is presented.
A spherical microphone array for spatial sound recording (2002)

The progression of audio from monophonic to the present day 5-channel playback is being driven by the desire to improve the immersion of the listener into the acoustic scene. In the limit, the goal is the reconstruction of the original sound field. This talk describes the decomposition of the sound field into orthogonal components, the so-called spherical harmonics and is directly related to the method of Ambisonics. These components contain all required information to allow a reconstruction of the original sound field. This approach is scalable to any number of loudspeakers and is also backwards compatible to surround sound, stereo and mono playback. One problem is the recording of the orthogonal components. So far only solutions exist that allow the recording of spherical harmonics up to first order. This limits the spatial resolution. This presentation introduces a new microphone that overcomes this limitation. It consists of pressure sensors that are equally distributed on the surface of a rigid sphere. The number of sensors depends on the highest order spherical harmonic to be recorded. A minimum of (n+1)2 sensors is required to record harmonics up to nth order. The sensor signals are then processed to give the desired spherical harmonic outputs.
Rosacea: Current thoughts on origin (2001)

Rosacea is a clinical pattern beginning and evolving in the genetically susceptible individual in response to a host of exposures. It produces a variety of clinical presentations, which vary over time and with age. Recently, many specific mediators of rosacea development have been described. A primary genetic cause for rosacea is suggested as single genes often control such mediators: enzymes, neuroendocrine transmitters, and cytokines are found in pathways to rosacea signs and symptoms. Currently, neither a specific cause nor a laboratory indicator of rosacea has been suggested. However, broadening interest in rosacea portends future increase in knowledge.
Pd-InGaAs as a new self-aligned contact material on InGaAs (2011)

Introduction. Self-alignment of source/drain (S/D) contacts to the transistor gate is important, as it brings the S/D contacts close to the channel and allows the achievement of low parasitic S/D series resistance R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SD</inf> . Low R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SD</inf> is needed for high-mobility and short-channel transistors where the channel resistance is low and external resistance is a significant proportion of the total resistance between source and drain. Fig. 1 illustrates the self-aligned S/D contact metallization process for InGaAs transistors. Recently, the first self-aligned Ni-InGaAs S/D contacts were demonstrated. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1, 2</sup> In this work, Pd-InGaAs is explored as a new self-aligned contact metallization technology.
The Role of Autonomous Subsea Control Systems in Subsea Production (1989)

ABSTRACT This paper describes what is intended by autonomous control systems (ACS's), identifies their technical merits and limitations and illustrates the applications in which they may used advantageously. Various configurations of autonomous control systems are described for diverse applications, including the control of both subsea Christmas Trees and Emergency Shutdown Valves (ESV's). It is shown that ACS's, apart from their technical advantages, can have a great economical advantage in certain applications. INTRODUCTION With the growing interest in the industry for placing production systems on the seabed rather than on platforms, for a multitude of reasons which will not be covered in this paper, a great effort is being made in the research and development of-subsea systems. For subsea wells that are placed in shallow water and relatively near to existing platforms, current technology is considered adequate to satisfy the needs of reliability, simplicity and low cost. However as the water depth and the distance from the surface facilities increases, so does the complexity and cost of the equipment. One of the principal components of a subsea system that is affected by these increases is the control equipment. This is mainly due to the problem of sending electrical and hydraulic power, as well as command signals, over .a large distance in water. In traditional systems this is always accomplished with an umbilical of some sort, which has a high cost that is directly proportional to its length, as well as technical problems such as the use of subsea mated connectors. The principal aim of autonomous control systems is therefore to eliminate the need for the umbilical by making the system self-sufficient on the seabed. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Autonomous control systems can vary greatly, however they are characterized by four principal subsystems necessary to make the whole unit autonomous by eliminating the umbilical traditionally used. A description of these systems is given below: Signal transmission. To date hydroacoustic transmission has been used to satisfy the criteria of eliminating the umbilical. Radio links to cover at least part of the distance between the control stations and the subsea units have also been studied. Hydraulic self sufficiency Traditional systems all utilize an umbilical to provide the hydraulic power they need. In the absence of the umbilical, hydraulic self sufficiency must be attained and therefore a closed hydraulic circuit must be used. This requires a hydraulic system that has zero leakage to the external environment, minimal internal leakage and can maintain a high level of cleanliness during its life to assure the perfect functioning of the control valves. In addition a safety valve that automatically dumps the system in the event of loss of power must be included. Power autonomy An autonomous power source must be provided for the subsea unit. In this area extensive research has been performed on the most diverse concepts. However to date the most reliable form of energy supply is considered a retrievable battery pack.
Low-load Resistance Exercise During Inactivity is Associated With Greater Fibre Area and Satellite Cell Expression in Older Skeletal Muscle (2019)

Age-related sarcopenia is accelerated by physical inactivity. Low-load resistance exercise (LLRE) counters inactivity-induced muscle atrophy in older adults, but changes in muscle fibre morphology are unstudied. The PURPOSE of this study was to determine the impact of LLRE during short-term inactivity (step-reduction) on muscle fibre size, satellite cell (SC) and capillarity content in older skeletal muscle. METHODS: Fourteen older (~71 years) male adults underwent 14 days of step reduction (<1500 steps/day) while performing six sessions of LLRE (~30% maximal strength) with one leg (SR + EX) while the contralateral leg served as an untrained control (SR). Seven healthy ambulatory age-matched male adults (~69 years) served as a comparator group (COM). Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis after 14 days, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA), myonuclear content, SC content (PAX7+ cells), and total (C:F) and fibre type-specific (C:Fi) capillary-to-fibre ratios. RESULTS: Type I and II fibre CSA was greater in SR + EX compared with SR. Whereas there were no differences across fibre types between SR + EX and CON, type II fibre CSA was significantly lower in SR compared with COM. Type II myonuclear domain was greater in SR + EX compared with COM and SR. Pax7+ cells associated with type I and II fibres were lower in SR compared with SR + EX. Type II PAX7+ cells were also lower in SR compared with COM with a similar trend for type I fibres. There were trends for a lower C:Fi in SR compared with SR + EX for both fibre types with no differences for each compared with COM. Minimal LLRE during a period of decreased physical activity is associated with greater muscle fibre CSA, SC content, and capillarization. CONCLUSION: These results support the use of LLRE as an effective countermeasure to inactivity-induced alterations in muscle morphology with age.
Towards the conception and optimisation of the current return path in a composite aircraft (2010)

Future aircrafts start seeing the replacement of their existing metal skin by composite materials. The emergence of these new materials in this environment requires a paradigm shift in the electrical network design, especially regarding the current return path. The composite fuselage cannot comply anymore with all the functionalities of the current aluminum skin because of the imposed maximum admissible current density in the composite structure. The aim of this paper is to propose a solution for the design and the optimization of a current return path in this new aeronautical environment, using several coupled methods: PEEC modeling method, an automatic cabling design tool and optimization algorithms.
ChemInform Abstract: Vinyl Tellurides: Synthesis and Properties (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular pathophysiology of indolent lymphoma. (2000)

Indolent lymphomas are a markedly heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The molecular pathophysiology of indolent lymphoma is characterized by distinct genetic pathways which selectively associate with different clinico-pathologic categories of the disease. At diagnosis, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia frequently display deletions of 13q14, trisomy 12 and alterations of the ATM gene, whereas evolution to Richter's syndrome is associated with disruption of p53. Lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma carries t(9;14) (p13;q32) in approximately 50% of cases, leading to the deregulated expression of the PAX-5 gene. Follicular lymphoma consistently harbors rearrangement of BCL-2. With time, a fraction of follicular lymphoma accumulates mutations of p53 and of p16 and evolves into a high grade lymphoma. MALT-lymphoma frequently associates with alterations of API2/MLT and, in some cases, of p53, BCL-6 and BCL-10. Studies of genotypic and phenotypic markers of histogenesis have shown that mantle cell lymphoma and a fraction of B-CLL/SLL derive from naive B-cells, whereas follicular lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma and MALT-lymphoma originate from germinal center (GC) or post-GC B-cells. The identification of distinct genetic categories of indolent lymphoma may help in the therapeutic stratification of these disorders. In addition, genetic lesions of indolent lymphoma provide useful molecular markers for disease monitoring by high sensitivity techniques.
Kinetics and Metabolism of Cellulose Degradation at High Substrate Concentrations in Steady-State Continuous Cultures of Clostridium cellulolyticum on a Chemically Defined Medium (2001)

The hydrolysis and fermentation of insoluble cellulose were investigated using continuous cultures of Clostridium cellulolyticum with increasing amounts of carbon substrate. At a dilution rate (D) of 0.048 h(-1), biomass formation increased proportionately to the cellulose concentration provided by the feed reservoir, but at and above 7.6 g of cellulose x liter(-1) the cell density at steady state leveled off. The percentage of cellulose degradation declined from 32.3 to 8.3 with 1.9 and 27.0 g of cellulose x liter(-1), respectively, while cellodextrin accumulation rose and represented up to 4.0% of the original carbon consumed. The shift from cellulose-limited to cellulose-sufficient conditions was accompanied by an increase of both the acetate/ethanol ratio and lactate biosynthesis. A kinetics study of C. cellulolyticum metabolism in cellulose saturation was performed by varying D with 18.1 g of cellulose x liter(-1). Compared to cellulose limitation (M. Desvaux, E. Guedon, and H. Petitdemange, J. Bacteriol. 183:119-130, 2001), in cellulose-sufficient continuous culture (i) the ATP/ADP, NADH/NAD+, and q(NADH produced)/q(NADH used) ratios were higher and were related to a more active catabolism, (ii) the acetate/ethanol ratio increased while the lactate production decreased as D rose, and (iii) the maximum growth yield (Y(max)X/S) (40.6 g of biomass per mol of hexose equivalent) and the maximum energetic yield (Y(max)ATP) (19.4 g of biomass per mol of ATP) were lowered. C. cellulolyticum was then able to regulate and optimize carbon metabolism under cellulose-saturated conditions. However, the facts that some catabolized hexose and hence ATP were no longer associated with biomass production with a cellulose excess and that concomitantly lactate production and pyruvate leakage rose suggest the accumulation of an intracellular inhibitory compound(s), which could further explain the establishment of steady-state continuous cultures under conditions of excesses of all nutrients. The following differences were found between growth on cellulose in this study and growth under cellobiose-sufficient conditions (E. Guedon, S. Payot, M. Desvaux, and H. Petitdemange, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 67:327-335, 2000): (i) while with cellobiose, a carbon flow into the cell of as high as 5.14 mmol of hexose equivalent g of cells(-1) x h(-1) could be reached, the maximum entering carbon flow obtained here on cellulose was 2.91 mmol of hexose equivalent g of cells(-1) x h(-1); (ii) while the NADH/NAD+ ratio could reach 1.51 on cellobiose, it was always lower than 1 on cellulose; and (iii) while a high proportion of cellobiose was directed towards exopolysaccharide, extracellular protein, and free amino acid excretions, these overflows were more limited under cellulose-excess conditions. Such differences were related to the carbon consumption rate, which was higher on cellobiose than on cellulose.
Stereoselective reductions and alcohol deoxygenation by a phosphine in the 5,10-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]phosphorin series (1978)

The stereospecific reductions of the 5-methyldibenzo[b,e]phosphorin-10(5H)-one (4) by NaH2Al(OC2H4OMe)2 and LiHAl(OBut)3 give the pseudoaxial and pseudoequatorial alcohols (14) and (13), respectively. Alcohol (13), but not (14), undergoes ready oxygen transfer from carbon to phosphorus. LiAlH4 deoxygenates the pseudo-equatorial alcohol 5-methyl-5,10-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]phosphorin-10-ol 5-oxide (6), but not the corresponding pseudoaxial alcohol (7), to the phosphine oxide (8). Neither the isomeric alcohols (6) and (7) nor their acetate esters (17) and (18) equilibrate or isomerize under electron impact at 200 °C.
Vortex chirality in an array of ferromagnetic dots (2002)

Magnetization of an array of submicron permalloy dots was investigated using the diffracted magneto-optical Kerr effect. The shapes of the higher-order hysteresis loops are explained by the magnetic form factors associated with a vortex spin structure in each disk. The imaginary part of the form factor also explains the unexpected measured differences between hysteresis loops obtained on positive and negative diffraction orders. Shape effects account for the coherent chirality of the vortices over the array.
A high-speed oscillator-based truly random number source for cryptographic applications on a smartcard IC (2003)

The design of a high-speed IC random number source macro-cell, suitable for integration in a smart card microcontroller, is presented. The oscillator sampling technique is exploited and a jittered oscillator which features an amplified thermal noise source has been designed in order to increase the output throughput and the statistical quality of the generated bit sequences. The oscillator feedback loop acts as an offset compensation for the noise amplifier, thus solving one of the major issues in this kind of circuit. A numerical model for the proposed system has been developed which allows us to carry out an analytical expression for the transition probability between successive bits in the output stream. A prototype chip has been fabricated in a standard digital 0.18 /spl mu/m n-well CMOS process which features a 10 Mbps throughput and fulfills the NIST FIPS and correlation-based tests for randomness. The macro-cell area, excluding pads, is 0.0016 mm/sup 2/ (184 /spl mu/m /spl times/ 86 /spl mu/m) and a 2.3 mW power consumption has been measured.
Quasi-Polynomial Local Search for Restricted Max-Min Fair Allocation (2015)

The restricted max-min fair allocation problem (also known as the restricted Santa Claus problem) is one of few problems that enjoys the intriguing status of having a better estimation algorithm than approximation algorithm. Indeed, Asadpour et al. [2012] proved that a certain configuration LP can be used to estimate the optimal value within a factor of 1/(4 + ϵ), for any ϵ &gt; 0, but at the same time it is not known how to efficiently find a solution with a comparable performance guarantee. A natural question that arises from their work is if the difference between these guarantees is inherent or results from a lack of suitable techniques. We address this problem by giving a quasi-polynomial approximation algorithm with the mentioned performance guarantee. More specifically, we modify the local search of Asadpour et al. [2012] and provide a novel analysis that lets us significantly improve the bound on its running time: from 2 O ( n ) to n O (log n ) . Our techniques also have the interesting property that although we use the rather complex configuration LP in the analysis, we never actually solve it and therefore the resulting algorithm is purely combinatorial.