gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of delta‐tocotrienols and green tea polyphenols on high‐fat‐diet‐induced bone deterioration in male C57BL/6J mice (2017)

Our previous studies demonstrated an osteo‐protective roles for tocotrienols (TT, extracted from annatto consisting of 90% delta‐TT and 10% gamma TT) and green tea polyphenols (GTP, extracted from green tea) in obese animals. This study further examined the combined effects of TT with GTP on high‐fat‐diet (HFD) induced bone deterioration in obese male mice. Forty male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to 4 groups (n=10/group) in a 2 (no TT vs. TT) × 2 (no GTP vs. GTP) factorial design: HFD, HFD+TT (400 mg TT/kg diet), HFD+GTP [0.5% (w/v) in drinking water], and HFD+TT+GTP for 14 weeks. The results showed that either TT or GTP supplementation lowered fasting glucose concentration based on glucose tolerance test, while only GTP supplementation lowered blood glucose concentration based on insulin tolerance test, with no change in caloric intake. GTP supplementation increased serum procollagen type I intact N‐terminal (a bone formation marker) and there was an interaction between TT and GTP on lowering serum collagen type I cross‐linked C‐telopeptide (a bone resorption marker). TT supplementation increased the total area, bone area, and bone volume (BV) at the femur midshaft. GTP supplementation increased the BV, bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), and connectivity density at the 2 nd lumbar vertebrae. GTP supplementation increased trabecular number and tended to increase BV/TV (p=0.08), and decreased trabecular separation at the distal femur. However, TT supplementation tended to increase BV (p=0.10), BV/TV (p=0.06), and trabecular thickness (p=0.10) at distal femur. There was a synergistic interaction between TT and GTP on BV/TV trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) at the femur midshaft, resulting in the lowest values of BV/TV and Tb.Th in HFD group. This study suggests a potentially significant prophylactic role of TT and green tea in bone health of obese animals.
HISTORIA DE LA ANESTESIOLOGIA (1988)

LA PRACTICA DE LA ANESTESIOLOGIA, COMO LA CONOCEMOS HOY, VA MAS ALLA DE MANTENER INSENSIBLE AL PACIENTE DURANTE LA CIRUGIA; CONSISTE EN SALVAGUARDAR LAS FUNCIONES Y EL EQUILIBRIO DE LOS SISTEMAS VITALES. ESTO SE LOGRA A TRAVES DE LA MEDICION Y AJUSTE FRECUENTE DE SIGNOS QUE REFLEJAN LAS FUNCIONES DEL ORGANISMO.
Zur Reaktion von Isocyaniden mit Nitriliminen[1] (1994)

Abstract On the Reaction of Isocyanides with Nitrile Imines Four competing reactions have been found to occur when nitrile imines 2 are generated from 1 in the presence of isocyanides 3 . The products obtained include i) 1,2,3‐triazolium salts 6 , ii) 1,2,4‐triazolium salts 8 , iii) dihydrotriazolyl‐substituted pyrazolamines 11 , and iv) unstable 1,2‐diazetimine derivatives 12 which in turn give carbodiimides 13 , nitriles 14 , quinoxalinamines 15 , and possibly 1,2,4‐triazoles 16 (after addition of 2 ). The proportions, in particular those of 6 , 8 , and 11 , depend on the reaction conditions; thus, triethylamine used in excess can oppress the formation of 6 in favour of 8 and 11 . ‐ The structure of 11 has been elucidated by means of X‐ray diffraction analyses of 11a and c .
JWST NIRCam+NIRSpec: Interstellar medium and stellar populations of young galaxies with rising star formation and evolving gas reservoirs (2022)

We present an interstellar medium and stellar population analysis of three spectroscopically confirmed $z&gt;7$ galaxies in the ERO JWST NIRCam and JWST NIRSpec data of the SMACS J0723.3-7327 cluster. We use the Bayesian spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code \texttt{Prospector} with a flexible star-formation history (SFH), a variable dust attenuation law, and a self-consistent model of nebular emission (continuum and emission lines). Importantly, we self-consistently fit both the emission line fluxes from JWST NIRSpec and the broad-band photometry from JWST NIRCam, taking into account slit-loss effects. We find that these three $z=7.6-8.5$ galaxies ($M_{\star}\approx10^{8}~M_{\odot}$) are young with rising SFHs and mass-weighted ages of $3-4$ Myr, though we find indications for underlying older stellar populations. The inferred gas-phase metallicities broadly agree with the direct metallicity estimates from the auroral lines. The galaxy with the lowest gas-phase metallicity ($\mathrm{Z}_{\rm gas}=0.06~\mathrm{Z}_{\odot}$) has a steeply rising SFH, is very compact ($&lt;0.2~\mathrm{kpc}$) and has a high star-formation rate surface density ($Σ_{\rm SFR}\approx22~\mathrm{M}_{\odot}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}~\mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$), consistent with rapid gas accretion. The two other objects with higher gas-phase metallicity show more complex multi-component morphologies on kpc scales, indicating that their recent increase in star-formation rate is driven by mergers or internal, gravitational instabilities. We discuss effects of assuming different SFH priors or only fitting the photometric data. Our analysis highlights the strength and importance of combining JWST imaging and spectroscopy for fully assessing the nature of galaxies at the earliest epochs.
Altered Expression of Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors and NKG2D on Peripheral Blood NK Cell Subsets in Breast Cancer Patients (2016)

Human natural killer (NK) cells are considered professional cytotoxic cells that are integrated into the effector branch of innate immunity during antiviral and antitumoral responses. The purpose of this study was to examine the peripheral distribution and expression of NK cell activation receptors from the fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 breast cancer patients prior to any form of treatment (including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy), 10 benign breast pathology patients, and 24 control individuals. CD3<sup>-</sup>CD56<sup>dim</sup>CD16<sup>bright</sup> NK cells (CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK) and CD3<sup>-</sup>CD56<sup>bright</sup>CD16<sup>dim/-</sup> NK cells (CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK) were identified using flow cytometry. The circulating counts of CD56<sup>dim</sup> and CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells were not significantly different between the groups evaluated, nor were the counts of other leukocyte subsets between the breast cancer patients and benign breast pathology patients. However, in CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK cells, NKp44 expression was higher in breast cancer patients (P = .0302), whereas NKp30 (P = .0005), NKp46 (P = .0298), and NKG2D (P = .0005) expression was lower with respect to healthy donors. In CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells, NKp30 (P = .0007), NKp46 (P = .0012), and NKG2D (P = .0069) expression was lower in breast cancer patients compared with control group. Only NKG2D in CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells (P = .0208) and CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK cells (P = .0439) showed difference between benign breast pathology and breast cancer patients. Collectively, the current study showed phenotypic alterations in activation receptors on CD56<sup>dim</sup> and CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells, suggesting that breast cancer patients have decreased NK cell cytotoxicity.
Augmented Reality-based Segmentation Refinement (2004)

Planning of surgical liver tumor resections based on image data from X-ray computed tomography requires
correct segmentation of the liver, liver vasculature and pathological structures. Automatic liver segmentation
methods frequently fail in cases where the anatomy is degenerated by lesions or other present liver diseases. On
the other hand performing a manual segmentation is a tedious and time consuming task. Therefore Augmented
Reality based segmentation refinement tools are reported, that aid radiologists to efficiently correct incorrect
segmentations in true 3D using head-mounted displays and tracked input devices. The developed methods
facilitate segmentation refinement by interactively deforming a mesh data structure reconstructed from an initial
segmentation. The variety of refinement methods are all accessible through the intuitive, direct 3D user interface
of an Augmented Reality system.
User-Profiling Dataset (2017)

The User-Profiling Dataset provides hand labeled user action videos and frames. The dataset includes over 40k images from 236 video clips containing five different user actions, and five different sequences of actions.
The Grueneberg ganglion of the mouse projects axons to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb (2005)

First described in 1973, the Grueneberg ganglion (GG) is an arrow-shaped neuronal structure at the anterior end of the nasal cavity. It lines both sides of the nasal septum, within the nasal vestibule, close to the opening of the naris. The functions of the GG and the pattern of projections to the brain are not known. Here, we report that neurons of the mouse GG express olfactory marker protein, which is normally expressed in mature olfactory or vomeronasal sensory neurons. The approx. 500 cells in each GG are arranged in several densely packed cell clusters. Individual cells give rise to single axons, which fasciculate to form a nerve bundle that projects caudally. The axons terminate in glomeruli of the olfactory bulb, one or two large glomeruli associated with a semicircle of up to 10 smaller, somewhat diffusely organized glomeruli that surround the most anterior part of the accessory olfactory bulb. Development of the GG starts around embryonic day 16 and appears to be completed at birth; cell numbers then undergo a minor decrease during postnatal development. The strategic location of the GG, expression of olfactory marker protein, axonal projections to glomeruli at particular locations in the olfactory bulb and early development suggest that this neuronal structure performs specific chemosensory functions at neonatal stages.
PRIMARY VIRULENCE FACTORS OF PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES (2005)

Objective: To determine whether Propionibacterium acnes is able to adhere to implant materials, and to develop biofilms. Background: Most orthopaedic implant infections are caused by staphylococci, which express adhesins and can adhere to biomaterials and to plasma glycoprotein conditioning films. They then produce exopolymers and develop biofioms. P acnes, being anaerobic, is often missed as a cause of implant infection and might be more common than is realised, yet little is known about its virulence factors (ability to adhere to biomaterials or conditioning film and biofilm development). Materials & Methods: Surgical steel or silicone coupons, with and without plasma conditioning film, were exposed to three clinical isolates of P acnes and examined by cultural methods and chemiluminescence for adherence. In further experiments, the coupons were incubated anaerobically with the P acnes strains for several days. They were then rinsed, fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In a third set of experiments, coupons were again incubated anaerobically with P acnes and examined by laser confocal microscopy (LCM) for biofilm development. Results: All three isolates of P acnes were able to adhere to the biomaterials, to a degree similar to that of a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus, though not as strongly as Staphylococcus epidermidis. Unlike with the staphylococci, the presence of a conditioning film did not make a significant difference. SEM and LCM revealed biofilm development morphologically similar to that seen with S epidermidis. Exopolymer production was also demonstrated. Conclusions: P acnes is able to adhere to biomaterials but not so avidly as S epidermidis. The adherence is not enhanced by plasma conditioning film. However, once adhered, P acnes is capable of developing a biofilm morphologically indistinguishable from that of S epidermidis. This probably explains the role of P acnes in implant infection, and the therapeutic difficulty it often poses.
Low Profile Pelvic Fixation With the Sacral Alar Iliac Technique in the Pediatric Population Improves Results at Two-Year Minimum Follow-up (2010)

SAI pelvic fixation produces better correction of pelvic obliquity than do previous techniques. Radiographic and clinical anchor stability is satisfactory at 2-year follow-up.
A method for detecting objects in dense scenes (2022)

Abstract Recent object detectors have achieved excellent performance in accuracy and speed. Even with such impressive results, the most advanced detectors are challenging in dense scenes. In this article, we analyze and find the reasons for the decrease in detection accuracy in dense scenes. We started our work in terms of region proposal and location loss. We found that low-quality proposal regions during the training process are the main factors affecting detection accuracy. To prove our research, we established and trained a dense detection model based on Cascade R-CNN. The model achieves an accuracy of mAP 0.413 on the SKU-110K sub-dataset. Our results show that improving the quality of recommended regions can effectively improve the detection accuracy in dense scenes.
Learning force control policies for compliant manipulation (2011)

Developing robots capable of fine manipulation skills is of major importance in order to build truly assistive robots. These robots need to be compliant in their actuation and control in order to operate safely in human environments. Manipulation tasks imply complex contact interactions with the external world, and involve reasoning about the forces and torques to be applied. Planning under contact conditions is usually impractical due to computational complexity, and a lack of precise dynamics models of the environment. We present an approach to acquiring manipulation skills on compliant robots through reinforcement learning. The initial position control policy for manipulation is initialized through kinesthetic demonstration. We augment this policy with a force/torque profile to be controlled in combination with the position trajectories. We use the Policy Improvement with Path Integrals (PI <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) algorithm to learn these force/torque profiles by optimizing a cost function that measures task success. We demonstrate our approach on the Barrett WAM robot arm equipped with a 6-DOF force/torque sensor on two different manipulation tasks: opening a door with a lever door handle, and picking up a pen off the table. We show that the learnt force control policies allow successful, robust execution of the tasks.
Severe perinatal thrombosis in double and triple heterozygous offspring of a family segregating two independent protein S mutations and a protein C mutation (1996)

Molecular genetic and phenotypic analyses were performed in a highly unusual case of combined protein S and protein C deficiency manifesting in a family in which a child had died perinatally from renal vein thrombosis. Antenatal diagnosis in a second pregnancy was initially performed by indirect restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) tracking using a neutral dimorphism within the PROS gene and served to exclude severe protein S deficiency. Am umbilical vein blood sample at 22 weeks gestation showed isolated protein C deficiency. This pregnancy proceeded to a full-term delivery without thrombotic complications. Molecular genetic analysis of the PROC and PROS gene segregating in the family then yielded one PROC gene lesion in the father and two PROS gene lesions, one in each parent. These lesions were shown to segregate with the respective deficiency states through the family pedigree. Analysis of DNA from paraffin-embedded liver tissue taken from the deceased child showed the presence of both PROS mutations, as well as the PROC mutation. Genotypic analysis of the second child showed a PROC mutation, but neither PROS mutation consistent with its possession of normal protein S levels and a low/borderline protein C level. Antenatal diagnosis was then performed in a third pregnancy by direct mutation detection. However, although the fetus carried only the paternal PROS and PROC gene lesions, the child developed renal thrombosis in utero. It may be that a further genetic lesion at a third locus still remains to be defined. Alternatively, the intrauterine development of thrombosis in this infant could have been caused, at least in part by a transplacental thrombotic stimulus arising in the protein S-deficient maternal circulation. This analysis may, therefore, serve as a warning against extrapolating too readily from genotype to phenotype in families with a complex thrombotic disorder.
Humoral Immunogenicity of 3 COVID-19 Messenger RNA Vaccine Doses in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2022)

Lay Summary Herein, we evaluated the humoral immunogenicity of a third coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine dose in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. All patients displayed a humoral immune response, and median antibody concentrations were higher after the third dose than after completion of the 2-dose series.
Reactivity of Dimethylphenylsilyllithium toward 5- and 6-Substituted 1,3-Dimethyluracil Derivatives (1998)

Abstraa-Dimethylphenylsilyllithium (PhMe2SiLi) reacts with 5-substituted 1,3dimethyluracils by selective addition at the electrophilic C-6 position of the uracil ring to give the corresponding 6-dimethylphenylsilyl-5.6-dihydrouracil derivatives.The reaction of PhMe2SiLi with 6-substituted 1,3-dimethyluracils showed a different selectivity, and an unusual addition at the C-5 position was obsewed.This synthetic procedure appears to be an efficient entry to a new class of highly functionalized 5.6-dihydro-1,3-dimethyluracils characterized by the presence of a silicon substituent selectively introduced at the C-5 and C-6 positions of the uracil ring.Model addition reactions of nucleophiles to C-5 and C-6 positions of uracil derivatives are important transformations because of their biological significance,l as for example the thymidylate synthase-catalysed 4 conversion of urydylate (dUMP) into thymidylate ( ~T M P ) .~ arb on,^ sulphur, oxygen, selenium, and nitrogen5 nucleophiles have all been used for the nucleophile induced ring transformations of uracil derivatives with varying degree of success as well as limitations due to side reactions.Additions of nucleophiles on the ,,uracil ring are known to occur via initial attack on the C-6 position, giving rise to a 5.6-dihydrouracil intermediate from which the respective product is formed.Unprotected uracil derivatives are usually not reactive because of the anion formation in basic media which makes attack by nucleophiles more difficult For this reason, 1.3-dialkylated uracils, such as 1,3-dimethyluracil derivatives, are more susceptible to nucleophilic attack and are extensively used as model substrates.Dimethylphenylsilyllithium (PhMe2SiLi) is a versatile silylating reagent prepared from both Si-Si bond fission of the corresponding organodisilane6.7 and from easily available chlorodimethylphenylsilane and lithium in solvent like tetrahydrofuran and t e ~a h ~d r o ~~r a n .~ Compounds with silicon-alkali metal bond are nucleophilic
Architecture and Application Abstractions for Multi-Agent Collaboration Projects (2006)

In this paper, we propose that allapplication for multi-agent collaborative control, and in particular fixed-wing umanned arial vehicles, can be be described through three basic behaviors. They are Travelling, Wactching, and Tracking. These three behaviors are constructed from two primitive actions, going somewhere and hlding at a particular location. The semantics of the behaviors are clearly difined and justify why these three are chosen. The ability of these behaviors to easily program different missions through hyvrid state flow is illustrated through examples of previously-demonstrated application. Furthermore, this paper outlines three levels of abstraction for a software architecture for collaborative control. In particular, we focus on an procedural-level abstraction that illustrates where the above three behaviors can be used to define applications. This level of abstraction displays software modularity such that different members of a research group can work independently while maintaining a structure that allows successful experimental implementation on the multi-agent platform. Moreover, this modularity allows project members to perform various disparate applications with the platform without considerable software modification. It also promotes software reuse after members leave the group. While focusing primarily on fixed-wing aerial vehicles, the approach presented here is equally applicable to ground and rotorcraft vehicles.
Characterization of the network structure of hydroxyl terminated poly(butadiene) elastomers prepared by different reactive systems (1998)

Three types of hydroxyl terminated poly(butadiene) (HTPB) networks having different NCO/OH reactive group ratios were prepared using three different reactive systems (i.e., Desmodur N-100 pluriisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)/trimethylol propane (TMP), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI)/TMP). Desmodur N-100 and TMP were used as polyfunctional reactants. The polymer–solvent interaction parameters (χ1) for HTPB–tetrahydrofuran (THF) and HTPB–chloroform systems at 45°C were determined, using a vapor pressure osmometer (VPO), as 0.31 and 0.24, respectively. Equilibrium swelling values of the networks in THF and chloroform and the data obtained by osmometry were further used for the calculation of the mean number-average molecular weight between junction points (Mc) of HTPB networks through the Flory-Rehner equation. The Mc values of each network, which were calculated from the swelling data obtained in THF and chloroform using the corresponding χ1 parameters for polymer–solvent systems, were found to be nearly the same. The changes in the mechanical, swelling, and the solubility properties of the networks prepared by three different reactive systems were followed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 1129–1135, 1998
Efficient coarse frequency synchronizer using serial correlator for DVB-S2 (2008)

This paper proposes an efficient coarse frequency synchronizer for digital video broadcasting - second generation (DVB-S2). The input signal requirement of acquisition range for coarse frequency estimator in the DVB-S2 is around ±1.5625Mhz, which corresponds to 6.25% of the symbol rate at 25Mbaud. At the process of analyzing the robust algorithm among data-aided approaches, we find that the Luise & Reggiannini (L&R) algorithm is the most promising one for coarse frequency estimation with respect to estimation performance and complexity. However, it requires many multipliers and adders to compute output values of correlators. We propose an efficient architecture identifying the serial correlator with the buffer and multiplexers. The proposed coarse frequency synchronizer can reduce the hardware complexity about 92% of the direct implementation. The proposed architecture has been implemented and verified on the Xilinx Virtex II FPGA.
ESTABLISHMENT OF MAXIMUM VOLUNTARY COMPRESSIVE NECK TOLERANCE LEVELS (2011)

Abstract : The primary objective of this study was to establish maximum human voluntary static tolerance levels of neck compressive loading to ensure the safe operation of a proposed Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Head/Neck Restraint System (HNRS). A laboratory helmet-load apparatus was designed and used to safely apply compressive forces to the head/neck of 46 subjects' (26 female; 20 male). Nearly all subjects were able to sustain maximum forces of at least 120 lbs for 5 seconds, with several subjects tolerating maximum sustained forces of over 200 lbs. Neck circumference was the most significant variable across gender with larger neck circumferences correlating to higher sustained forces. Regression models, however, demonstrated low R2 values due to high maximum voluntary load variability among subjects of similar weights. Such findings suggest that while compressive neck forces of 100 lbs could be safely tolerated by potential users of the HNRS, no single force setting will likely be ideal for all users.
Diffusion-Tensor Fiber Tractography: Intraindividual Comparison of 3.0-T and 1.5-T MR Imaging (2006)

Depiction of most fiber tracts was improved at 3.0-T DT tractography compared with depiction at 1.5-T tractography.