gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Loading in High-Speed Ball Bearings (2018)

The numerical dynamic model of a ball-bearing with angular contact and oil lubricant, which allows to study movement of the bearing parts, having six degrees of freedom, is developed. The general parameters, characterizing loading of bearing retainer, are analyzed. The influence of general structural parameters of several ball-bearings on in-service operation conditions of their retainers is analyzed.
Isolation of Palm Tocols Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (2004)

Crude palm oil contains 600 to 1000 ppm of tocols in the form of tocopherols and tocotrienols. These palm tocols have been isolated and analyzed in the past by various chromatographic techniques such as open column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as thin-layer chromatography. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has emerged as a more advanced chromatographic technique in recent years. The tocols present in palm oil are successfully isolated using SFC. Identification of these tocols is supported by various spectroscopic techniques such as 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and mass spectrometry.
A rare, acute neurologic deterioration associated with the overactive autoimmune response of ankylosing spondylitis after cervical laminoplasty (2018)

Abnormal spinal cord immune inflammatory reaction associated with ankylosing spondylitis and limited decompression may lead to acute neurological deterioration. The potential overactive inflammatory response following surgery in the patients with autoimmune rheumatoid disease should be carefully considered in spinal surgery. Timely diagnosis and treatment may benefit these patients.
A compact hardware implementation of SM3 (2014)

With mobile and wireless devices becoming pervasive, the low-cost hardware implementations of security functions are being desired. A compact hardware implementation of SM3 hash algorithm is presented in this paper. A SRAM is used to do message expansion function instead of shift registers which are used in common hardware implementations, and the computation units are saved as much as possible. In addition, the values of A∼H and V0∼V7 registers are updated in serial shift way when they are initialized and updated. Compared to traditional designs, the store resources for message expansion function can be shared with other modules to reduce the cost of a system. The Synopsys' DC synthesis results show that the area of the compact SM3 is approximate 9822 GEs while its throughput can be as high as 276 Mbps. If the SRAM can be shared with other modules, only 7806 GEs are additional required to add the SM3 hardware module in the system. The compact architecture can be accommodated to resource-constrained systems for its advantages of low-cost and low-power.
SURFACTANT-OIL-WATER SYSTEMS NEAR THE AFFINITY INVERSION PART I: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EQUILIBRIUM PHASE BEHAVIOR AND EMULSION TYPE AND STABILITY (1982)

ABSTRACT A systematic relationship was found between the equilibrium phase behavior of a surfactant-alcohol-oil-water system and the type and stability of the corresponding emulsion. Formulations are scanned through the three phase transition by changing (one at the time) brine salinity, oil EACN, surfactant nature and alcohol concentration. Whatever the scanning variable, it is found that the electrical conductivity exhibits a large change near the optimum formulation, indicating the inversion of the continuous phase of the dispersed system. On the other hand, the emulsion stability is found to undergo a deep minimum for formulations corresponding to the three phase behavior at equilibrium. The large but relatively smooth variation of the conductivity gives some hints on the possible continuity structure of the MOW triphasic emulsions.
Analyses of both the alkB Gene Transcriptional Start Site and alkB Promoter-Inducing Properties of Rhodococcus sp. Strain BCP1 Grown on n -Alkanes (2010)

Rhodococcus sp. strain BCP1, known for its capacity to grow on short-chain n-alkanes (C(2) to C(7)) and to cometabolize chlorinated solvents, was found to also utilize medium- and long-chain n-alkanes (C(12) to C(24)) as energy and carbon sources. To examine this feature in detail, a chromosomal region which includes the alkB gene cluster encoding a non-heme di-iron monooxygenase (alkB), two rubredoxins, and one rubredoxin reductase was cloned from the BCP1 genome. Furthermore, the activity of the alkB gene promoter (P(alkB)) was examined in the presence of gaseous, liquid, and solid n-alkanes along with intermediates of the putative n-alkane degradation pathway. A recombinant plasmid, pTP(alkB)LacZ, was constructed by inserting the lacZ gene downstream of P(alkB), and it was used to transform Rhodococcus sp. strain BCP1. Measurements of β-galactosidase activity showed that P(alkB) is induced by C(6) to C(22) n-alkanes. Conversely, C(2) to C(5) and >C(22) n-alkanes and alkenes, such as hexene, were not inducers of alkB expression. The effects on P(alkB) expression induced by alternative carbon sources along with putative products of n-hexane metabolism were also evaluated. This report highlights the great versatility of Rhodococcus sp. strain BCP1 and defines for the first time the alkB gene transcriptional start site and the alkB promoter-inducing capacities for substrates different from n-alkanes in a Rhodococcus strain.
Invariance in content-based retrieval (2002)

The paper discusses the role of invariance in content-based image retrieval, and discusses future directions. In the repertoire of images under consideration, a narrow domain is a set of images containing a limited variety in the object's appearances. In a narrow domain, the recording circumstances typically are similar or standardized over the whole domain. On the other end of the spectrum is a broad domain with a large variety in recording circumstances and appearances. The sensory gap between the object in the world and the information captured from a recording causes unwanted variance in the description of an object. We list conditions of variance, and we review some of features which are invariant under these conditions.
Non-repetitive stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (2004)

A typical pattern of stimulation for the common peroneal nerve consists of a ramp up period followed by a constant middle section and a ramp down in activity. The central part maintains a constant ankle torque to lift the toe by stimulating at a constant frequency. In contrast the natural activity of the tibialis anterior muscle varies during the gait cycle. A closer match of the torque during stimulation to the natural waveform will result in more time spent with the body weight supported by the heel as opposed to the toes. In anticipation of using non-repetitive pulses to modulate the torque during stimulation a programmable controller has been developed to investigate the effects of different stimulation profiles on normal and stroke subjects. Doublets and optimum series show enhanced torque which may lead to waveform shaping. Average torque is essentially independent of the interpulse duration of doublets.
Natural Variation amongArabidopsis thalianaAccessions for Transcriptome Response to Exogenous Salicylic Acid (2007)

Little is known about how gene expression variation within a given species controls phenotypic variation under different treatments or environments. Here, we surveyed the transcriptome response of seven diverse Arabidopsis thaliana accessions in response to two treatments: the presence and absence of exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA), an important signaling molecule in plant defense. A factorial experiment was conducted with three biological replicates per accession with and without applications of SA and sampled at three time points posttreatment. Transcript level data from Affymetrix ATH1 microarrays were analyzed on both per-gene and gene-network levels to detect expression level polymorphisms associated with SA response. Significant variation in transcript levels for response to SA was detected among the accessions, with relatively few genes responding similarly across all accessions and time points. Twenty-five of 54 defined gene networks identified from other microarray studies (pathogen-challenged Columbia [Col-0]) showed a significant response to SA in one or more accessions. A comparison of gene-network relationships in our data to the pathogen-challenged Col-0 data demonstrated a higher-order conservation of linkages between defense response gene networks. Cvi-1 and Mt-0 appeared to have globally different SA responsiveness in comparison to the other five accessions. Expression level polymorphisms for SA response were abundant at both individual gene and gene-network levels in the seven accessions, suggesting that natural variation for SA response is prevalent in Arabidopsis.
Numerical Study of Airfoil Shape and Blade Pitching on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Through CFD Simulations (2020)

Abstract Wind energy has proved to be a promising sustainable energy source; the energy of wind has been harvested not only for decades but for centuries. It was in the late 19th century that wind energy was used to directly obtain electrical power. Horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) are widely used in commercial applications but recently a lot of research is being done on vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) to improve their operation and efficiency. Absence of yaw mechanism, low noise emission, and low manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs are some of the prominent advantages of VAWT over HAWT. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of different blade airfoils and the influence of blade pitching in the operation of VAWT. Blade pitching is widely used in HAWTs and has proven to be very advantageous in terms of output power, but the effect of blade pitching on VAWT has not been widely studied and much less practically implied due to complex functional mechanism. VAWTs with fixed pitch experience continuously varying angle of attack which reduces the power generation. Airfoils tested in this study, for their performance on a VAWT rotor, are Joukowski airfoil (J-15), NACA0012 and NACA4312, furthermore, passive blade pitching was applied to analyze the effect of inoffset and out-offset blade pitching on the performance of the turbine. High fidelity Navier-Stokes computational flow models were applied for the analysis. A 2D unsteady CFD model was constructed to perform the simulations. Power and torque coefficients were evaluated over a varying range of tip speed ratios and a strong correlation of these coefficients was seen with different input parameters, such as airfoil shape, turbine solidity and tip speed ratios. Out-offset blade pitch angles showed better results than in-offset blade pitch angles.
Effect of particle and heat sources on impurity transport in tokamak plasmas (1976)

Local particle injection or heating can affect the transport of impurities. Proper source configurations can oppose the natural inward impurity drift, thus providing a means for controlling impurity influx.
Pcf1, a large subunit of CAF-1, required for maintenance of checkpoint kinase Cds1 activity (2014)

Highly conserved chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) is required for histone deposition onto newly synthesized DNA to maintain genome stability. This study shows that the fission yeast Pcf1, the large subunit in CAF-1, is crucial for maintaining checkpoint kinase Cds1. Chromatin recruitment of Cds1 is enhanced by Pcf1 overproduction but is attenuated by the Δpcf1 mutation. Mutation of acetylation sites in the histone H4 tail abrogates the chromatin recruitment of Pcf1, which resembles that of Cds1 as reported previously. The present results provide evidence that chromatin recruitment of Pcf1, moderated by Clr6-HDAC activity, is essential for inactivating Cds1.
The glucagon-induced activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in hepatocytes is diminished by 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. A role for cytoplasmic Ca2+ in dehydrogenase regulation (1987)

Phenylephrine, vasopressin and glucagon each increased the amount of active (dephospho) pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) in isolated rat hepatocytes. Treatment with 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) opposed the increase in PDHa caused by both phenylephrine and glucagon, but had no effect on the response to vasopressin: PMA alone had no effect on PDHa. As PMA is known to prevent the phenylephrine-induced increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) and to diminish the increase [Ca2+]c caused by glucagon, while having no effect on the ability of vasopressin to increase [Ca2+]c, these data are consistent with the notion that in intact cells an increase in [Ca2+]c results in an increase in the mitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration, which in turn leads to the activation of PDH. In the presence of 2.5 mM-Ca2+, glucagon caused an increase in NAD(P)H fluorescence in hepatocytes. This increase is taken to reflect an enhanced activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases. PMA alone had no effect on NAD(P)H fluorescence; it did, however, compromise the increase produced by glucagon. When the extracellular free [Ca2+] was decreased to 0.2 microM, glucagon could still increase NAD(P)H fluorescence. Vasopressin also increased fluorescence under these conditions; however, if vasopressin was added after glucagon, no further increase in fluorescence was observed. Treatment of the cells with PMA resulted in a smaller increase in NAD(P)H fluorescence on addition of glucagon: the subsequent addition of vasopressin now caused a further increase in fluorescence. Changes in [Ca2+]c corresponding to the changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence were observed, again supporting the idea that [Ca2+]c indirectly regulates intramitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in intact cells. PMA alone had no effect on pyruvate kinase activity, and the phorbol ester did not prevent the inactivation caused by glucagon. The latter emphasizes the different mechanisms by which the hormone influences mitochondrial and cytoplasmic metabolism.
Prevention Conference V (2000)

riting Group II addressed the question of whether tests that assess silent ischemia or inducible ischemia add to prognostic information gained from standard risk factors in asymptomatic patients without known coronary disease.The tests reviewed included the exercise electrocardiogram (ECG), exercise and pharmacological (stress) echocardiogram (echo), exercise and pharmacological myocardial perfusion imaging, ambulatory ECG monitoring, and positron emission tomography.These noninvasive tests detect myocardial ischemia associated with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).To date, their greatest application has been diagnostic, in the evaluation of patients with symptoms of angina or a previous clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease (CHD).One limitation of the methods used to detect stress-induced (exercise or pharmacological stress) myocardial ischemia is the dependence of these methods on the presence of flowlimiting coronary stenosis.As with all diagnostic studies, their predictive value is dependent on the prevalence of disease in the population tested.When used in a population with a low prevalence of CHD, such as an asymptomatic population undergoing cardiovascular screening, these tests are expected to have low positive predictive value, and the majority of positive test results represent false-positive responses (Figure).Also central to the discussions of Writing Group II was the recognition that the majority of future events among patients with CHD are related to severity of obstruction, plaque instability, and total atherosclerotic burden. 1 Writing Group II was specifically concerned with delineating the prognostic information available from these tests that could contribute toward identifying patients at higher risk for major CHD-related events.
Virtual chromoendoscopy in small bowel capsule endoscopy: New light or a cast of shadow? (2014)

AIM: To evaluate whether virtual chromoendoscopy can improve the delineation of small bowel lesions previously detected by conventional white light small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE). METHODS: Retrospective single center study. One hundred lesions selected from forty-nine consecutive conventional white light SBCE(SBCE-WL) examinations were included. Lesions were reviewed at three Flexible Spectral Imaging Color Enhancement(FICE) settings and Blue Filter(BF) by two gastroenterologists with ex-perience in SBCE, blinded to each other’s findings, whoranked the quality of delineation as better, equivalent or worse than conventional SBCE-WL. Inter-observer percentage of agreement was determined and analyzed with Fleiss Kappa(k) coefficient. Lesions selected for the study included angioectasias(n = 39), ulcers/ero-sions(n = 49) and villous edema/atrophy(n = 12). RESULTS: Overall, the delineation of lesions was im-proved in 77% of cases with FICE 1, 74% with FICE 2, 41% with FICE 3 and 39% with the BF, with a percent-age of agreement between investigators of 89%(k = 0.833), 85%(k = 0.764), 66%(k = 0.486) and 79%(k = 0.593), respectively. FICE 1 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 63.3% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy with a percentage of agreement of 97.4%(k = 0.910), 81.6%(k = 0.714) and 91.7%(k = 0.815), respectively. FICE 2 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 57.1% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 89.7%(k = 0.802), 79,6%(k = 0.703) and 91.7%(k = 0.815), respectively. FICE 3 improved the delineation of 46.2% of angioecta-sias, 24.5% of ulcers/erosions and none of the cases of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 53.8% [k = not available(NA)], 75.5%(k = NA) and 66.7%(k = 0.304), respectively. The BF improved the delineation of 15.4% of angioectasias, 61.2% of ulcers/erosions and 25% of villous edema/atrophy, with a per-centage of agreement of 76.9%(k = 0.558), 81.6%(k = 0.570) and 25.0%(k
Analytical solution to the transient phase of steady‐state free precession sequences (2009)

The transient phase of short-TR steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequences exhibits an often striking complexity and is not only important for nonequilibrium applications (e.g., rapid T(1)-measurements), but can also cause severe artifacts in conventional imaging. In both cases, balanced SSFP sequences are practically (with regard to preparation efficiency) and conceptually (concerning the theoretical understanding of the decay) easier to handle their unbalanced counterparts, for which currently no theory is available. Based on a decomposition of coherence pathways into irreducible subpaths, an exact mathematical solution to the transient phase of unbalanced SSFP sequences is presented in this article, which also includes the known results for balanced SSFP and the steady state of arbitrary SSFP sequences as special cases. As an application, it is shown that the familiar Look-Locker expression for the accelerated magnetization recovery in RF-spoiled sequences is only valid for T(2)-->0. In addition to oscillatory perturbations, systematic deviations from the monoexponential decay are observed for T(2) > 0 as a consequence of memory effects.
A Battery-free Asset Monitoring System based on RF Wireless Power Transfer (2020)

In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, asset monitoring represents an appealing implementation of Wireless Sensor Networks due to the enormous benefits associated with being able to monitor and record the exact position and transportation conditions of assets, personal objects, and the like. This kind of infrastructure enables the provision of increasingly advanced services, including the ability to measure the movement speed of a monitored asset using relatively inexpensive nodes with sensing capabilities and wireless transmission and reception. These nodes would ideally employ battery-free sensors that do not require any maintenance, but conventional power supply management systems cannot satisfy this requirement. In response to the heightening demand and interest surrounding Battery-free tags, this article proposes a system inside a Wireless Sensor Network infrastructure that uses battery-free tags to identify an asset and monitor its speed. The battery-free tags are powered by RF energy through Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), and the speed of an asset proceeding at constant speed is achieved by measuring the time that the tag takes to traverse a series of hot-spots interspersed at specific distances. Our discussion shall include the performance characteristics and key features of a system on chip (SoC) specifically designed to power a node through RF WPT. The outcome is a strategy and a model for designing the infrastructure by providing the optimum number of hot-spots needed to perform the identification of an asset and measure its speed. Validation of the model has been performed through specific tests and experimental results have been provided.
Erratum: Ultrafast optical manipulation of magnetic order [Rev. Mod. Phys.82, 2731 (2010)] (2016)

Contains fulltext : 166215.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Diverse Functions for Six Glycosyltransferases in Caulobacter crescentus Cell Wall Assembly (2013)

The essential process of peptidoglycan synthesis requires two enzymatic activities, transpeptidation and transglycosylation. While the PBP2 and PBP3 transpeptidases perform highly specialized functions that are widely conserved, the specific roles of different glycosyltransferases are poorly understood. For example, Caulobacter crescentus encodes six glycosyltransferase paralogs of largely unknown function. Using genetic analyses, we found that Caulobacter glycosyltransferases are primarily redundant but that PbpX is responsible for most of the essential glycosyltransferase activity. Cells containing PbpX as their sole glycosyltransferase are viable, and the loss of pbpX leads to a general defect in the integrity of the cell wall structure even in the presence of the other five glycosyltransferases. However, neither PbpX nor any of its paralogs is required for the specific processes of cell elongation or division, while the cell wall synthesis required for stalk biogenesis is only partially disrupted in several of the glycosyltransferase mutants. Despite their genetic redundancy, Caulobacter glycosyltransferases exhibit different subcellular localizations. We suggest that these enzymes have specialized roles and normally function in distinct subcomplexes but retain the ability to substitute for one another so as to ensure the robustness of the peptidoglycan synthesis process.
HBD using cascode-Voltage switch logic gates for SET tolerant digital designs (2005)

Cascode-voltage-switch logic family of gates is evaluated for single-event vulnerability. As the data is stored on two storage nodes for each logic gate in this logic family, as opposed to only one for static logic family, the single-event transient pulse does not propagate for more than a few stages. Simulation results show single-event transient pulse termination after one logic gate. Area, speed, and power requirements for cascode-voltage logic are comparable to that of static logic.