gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Context-Aware Mobile Augmented Reality Visualization in Construction Engineering Education (2014)

Recent studies suggest that the number of students pursuing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) degrees has been generally decreasing. An extensive body of research cites the lack of motivation and engagement in the learning process as a major underlying reason of this decline. It has been discussed that if properly implemented, instructional technology can enhance student engagement and the quality of learning. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to implement and assess effectiveness of augmented reality (AR)-based pedagogical tools on student learning. For this purpose, two sets of experiments were designed and implemented in two different construction and civil engineering undergraduate level courses at the University of Central Florida (UCF). The first experiment was designed to systematically assess the effectiveness of a context-aware mobile AR tool (CAM-ART) in real classroom-scale environment. This tool was used to enhance traditional lecture-based instruction and information delivery by augmenting the contents of an ordinary textbook using computer-generated three-dimensional (3D) objects and other virtual multimedia (e.g. sound, video, graphs). The experiment conducted on two separate control and test groups and pre- and post- performance data as well as student perception of using CAM-ART was collected through several feedback questionnaires. In the second experiment, a building design and assembly task competition was designed and conducted using a mobile AR platform. The pedagogical value of mobile AR-based instruction and information delivery to student learning in a large-scale classroom setting was also assessed and investigated. Similar to the first experiment, students in this experiment were divided into two control and test groups. Students' performance data as well as their feedback, suggestions, and workload were systematically collected and analyzed. Data analysis showed that the mobile AR framework had a measurable and positive impact on students' learning. In particular, it was found that students in the test group (who used the AR tool) performed slightly better with respect to certain measures and spent more time on collaboration, communication, and exchanging ideas in both experiments. Overall, students ranked the effectiveness of the AR tool very high and stated that it has a good potential to reform traditional teaching methods.
Perylenediimide—metal ion dyads for photo-induced electron transfer (2008)

A novel perylene diimide incorporating a tetradentate ligand was synthesized and the photophysical properties of its Cu(+), Cu(2+), and Fe(3+) complexes were investigated by fluorescence experiments.
Single Robot Exploration: Simultaneous Localization and Uncertainty Reduction on Maps (SLURM) (2012)

During exploration of an unknown environment by a single robot, the robot is driven by two conflicting goals: to explore as fast as possible, and to produce the most accurate map. While fast exploration necessitates minimizing traversal of already mapped territory, accurate mapping requires that the robot passes over previously explored areas to reduce the localization and map uncertainty. This problem has been labelled as exploration versus exploitation. In this paper the problem of mapping a camera sensor network by a mobile robot has been used to demonstrate the effect that different exploration strategies have on uncertainty and speed of exploration. Simulation results using a realistic noise model are presented for different environments and for different strategies.
Hybrid Laparoendoscopic Approaches to Endoscopically Unresectable Colon Polyps (2016)

Secondary prevention of colorectal cancer relies on effective screening through colonoscopy and polypectomy. Resection of some polyps can present technical challenges particularly when polyps are large, flat, or behind colonic folds. Laparoscopy as an adjunct to endoscopy can aid in removing difficult colonic polyps without subjecting patients to radical segmental colectomy. Hybrid laparoendoscopic techniques are increasingly reported in literature as alternatives to segmental colectomy for the treatment of polyps that have a high likelihood of being benign. Laparoscopic-assisted colonoscopic polypectomy is the most frequently utilized technique; it harnesses the power of laparoscopy to aid endoscopic polypectomy by flattening folds, mobilizing flexures, and providing retraction. Colonoscopy-assisted laparoscopic wedge and transluminal resection are often reported in older studies and use the visualization provided by intraoperative colonoscopy to guide colonic resection that is limited to the area of the polyp. Laparoscopic-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a relatively recent technique that provides laparoscopic monitoring of EFTR of polyp as well as endoscopic closure of the ensuing defect. Minimally invasive segmental colectomy based on oncologic principles should be utilized when none of the previous techniques are suitable or when malignancy is strongly suspected. The combined use of laparoscopy and endoscopy can expand the endoscopist's armamentarium when dealing with the most challenging polyps, while serving the patients' best interest by limiting the extent of colon resection.
A Graph-Based Approach to Address Trust and Reputation in Ubiquitous Networks (2013)

The increasing popularity of virtual computing environments such as Cloud and Grid computing is helping to drive the realization of ubiquitous and pervasive computing. However, as computing becomes more entrenched in everyday life, the concepts of trust and risk become increasingly important. In this paper, we propose a new graph-based theoretical approach to address trust and reputation in complex ubiquitous networks. We formulate trust as a function of quality of a task and time required to authenticate agent-to-agent relationship based on the Zero-Common Knowledge (ZCK) authentication scheme. This initial representation applies a graph theory concept, accompanied by a mathematical formulation of trust metrics. The approach we propose increases awareness and trustworthiness to agents based on the values estimated for each requested task, we conclude by stating our plans for future work in this area.
Redox signaling regulates breast cancer metastasis via HIF1α-stimulated EMT dynamics and metabolic reprogramming (2022)

Abstract Metastasis is orchestrated by phenotypic and metabolic reprogramming underlying tumor aggressiveness. Redox signaling by mammary tumor knockdown (KD) of the antioxidant glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) enhanced metastasis via dynamic changes in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the control and PyMT/GPx2 KD mammary tumor revealed six luminal and one basal/mesenchymal like (cluster 3) subpopulations. Remarkably, GPx2 KD enhanced the size and basal/mesenchymal gene signature of cluster 3 as well as induced epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) clusters which expressed markers of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, indicative of hybrid metabolism. These data were validated in human breast cancer xenografts and were supported by pseudotime cell trajectory analysis. Moreover, the E/M and M states were both attenuated by GPx2 gain of function or HIF1α inhibition, leading to metastasis suppression. Collectively, these results demonstrate that redox/HIF1α signaling promotes mesenchymal gene expression, resulting in E/M clusters and a mesenchymal root subpopulation, driving phenotypic and metabolic heterogeneity underlying metastasis. Significance By leveraging single cell RNA analysis, we were able to demonstrate that redox signaling by GPx2 loss in mammary tumors results in HIF1α signaling, which promotes partial and full EMT conversions, represented by distinct tumor cell subpopulations, which in turn express hybrid and binary metabolic states. These data underscore a phenotypic and metabolic co-adaptation in cancer, arguing in favor of the GPx2-HIF1α axis as a therapeutic platform for targeting tumor cell metastasis.
Maximum-power-tracking using positive feedback (2002)

Certain recent publications report the use of switching power converters, supplied by photovoltaic arrays and employing positive feedback, as maximum power trackers. This paper explains the principle applied, and compares it to other known approaches. A simplified mathematical model that can be used for evaluation of the performance, is derived. Possible improvements are suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Therapy of Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia (2010)

Major causes of morbidity and mortality in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are represented by thrombosis and bleeding, progression to myelofibrosis, and transformation to acute leukemia. Myelosuppressive therapy, preferentially with hydroxyurea, can reduce the rate of vascular complications, but there is some concern about an increased rate of leukemic transformation with this agent. Therefore, management of these disorders poses a significant challenge, and a risk-oriented therapeutic approach should be followed to avoid inappropriate exposure to cytotoxic drugs on one side or suboptimal treatment on the other. Established risk factors for cardiovascular events are represented by older age and previous thrombosis, while impact of novel biological factors, including leukocytosis and JAK2V617F mutational status and/or mutational burden, is under investigation. Low-risk PV patients should be managed only with phlebotomy and aspirin, while high-risk patients should also receive cytotoxic therapy. Regarding the management of ET, there is no clear indication for intervention in low-risk patients, while high-risk patients should be managed with chemotherapy. Other therapeutic options, such as interferon alpha or anagrelide, may find place in selected patients including those who are resistant/intolerant to hydroxyurea.
Biomimetic porous scaffolds with high elasticity made from mineralized collagen—An animal study (2005)

Histological investigations of a new hydroxyapatite-collagen composite material were carried out to evaluate its possible suitability as a bone substitute. The three-dimensional scaffolds made from biomimetically mineralized collagen exhibit an interconnecting pore structure and elastic mechanical properties. They were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue and bone defects made in the femur of rats and harvested with the surrounding tissue at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. The materials implanted in the subcutaneous tissue were covered by fibrous connective tissue with a slight inflammatory response, and many foreign-body giant cells were observed on the surface of the scaffolds. Most of the material implanted in the subcutaneous tissue was resorbed at 8 weeks by phagocytosis. In the bone defects, new bone formation was observed on the surface of the material at 1 week. New bone increased with time, and osteoclasts were seen on the surface of the scaffolds at 2 weeks. Resorption and replacement by new bone of many parts of the materials implanted in the femur were observed by 12 weeks. These responses occurred faster than those of other hydroxyapatite-collagen composites. The results suggested that the new biomimetically mineralized collagen scaffolds were suitable as an implant material for bone-tissue reconstruction.
The role of design in the management of technology (2014)

Design is concerned with maximizing the worth of scientific discovery and advanced technology. It is a highly professional, multidisciplinary, integrating function, creating packages to satisfy end–users in highly competitive global markets, in a manner which enables the producer to achieve a satisfactory and predictable financial return. The design definition of a product is the foundation upon which all other functions in a company's organization build to add their, equally important, functional value. Without a design, there is nothing to sell, manufacture, manage or support, and there is no wealth creation – only costs. This paper looks at the process of design, and the tools used to maximize the worth of advanced technology.
Effect of Different Calcination Temperatures on the Structural and Photocatalytic Performance of Bi-TiO2/SBA-15 (2013)

The new novel material Bi-TiO 2 /SBA-15 was synthesized by an easy wet impregnation method. A combination of XRD, XPS, Raman, N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm measurement, TEM, and solid state UV-Vis spectroscopy has been used to characterize the Bi-TiO 2 /SBA-15 material. It was found that SBA-15 retained the ordered hexagonal mesostructure after incorporation of TiO 2 and Bi. The photodecomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous medium was selected to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of Bi-TiO 2 /SBA-15 under visible light irradiation (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi><mml:mo>≥</mml:mo><mml:mn>420</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> nm). The experiment results indicated that Bi-TiO 2 /SBA-15 exhibited higher photocatalytic activities than pure TiO 2 and Bi 2 O 3 . The influences of calcination temperature were studied. It strongly influenced the activity of the samples. The sample calcined at 550°C shows the highest photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of RhB under visible light. The catalyst preserved almost its initial photocatalytic activity after six reuses.
MicroRNA-1 downregulation by propranolol in a rat model of myocardial infarction: a new mechanism for ischaemic cardioprotection (2009)

We conclude that the beta-adrenergic pathway can stimulate expression of arrhythmogenic miR-1, contributing to ischaemic arrhythmogenesis, and beta-blockers produce their beneficial effects partially by down-regulating miR-1, which might be a novel strategy for ischaemic cardioprotection.
Weathering Rinds: Archives of Paleoenvironments on Mount Kenya, East Africa (2012)

Weathering-rind thicknesses on pebble- and cobble-size sediment have been used for the past half-century, at least, as an age indicator of postdepositional time following a geologic event. In mountainous terrain, rind thickness is taken as a measurement of weathering over time frames of 0.5 m.yr.; variable thicknesses are used to discriminate relative ages of glacial deposits. The effects of chemical and physical weathering that together produce rinds are only rarely considered, and most research objectives have centered on lichen alteration of clast surfaces. Recent microscopic analyses of weathering rinds on volcanic clasts of ∼70.0-ka to ∼2.0-m.yr. age produced new data on weathering products as well as unexpected incorporated biotic materials undergoing diagenesis. The question as to how much physical/mineral/chemical/biotic paleoenvironmental data might be archived in rinds is discussed. The character and classification of organic materials undergoing diagenesis are also discussed.
Laser in situ keratomileusis (1990)

A new laser refractive procedure is being developed in a rabbit model. With a modified microkeratome, central corneal flaps were created. An ArF excimer laser was used to produce 3-mm-diameter circular ablations on the central part of the exposed stromal bed. One group of animals was sacrificed immediately postoperatively, and both the dissected and ablated areas were studied using scanning electron microscopy. A second group of animals was sacrificed 4 weeks postoperatively. In this group, the subsequent healing of the corneas was studied using light microscopy. At 3 days, the wounded stromal areas showed some degree of haze. Haze was progressively reduced over 1 month, but it could be still discerned biomicroscopically. A hemicircular opacification corresponding to the flap edges was also apparent on slit-lamp examination. Microscopic observation showed that the epithelium was normal, except at the flap margins, where it was thickened. An increased number of keratocytes was observed in the interface between the flap stroma and the ablated area. The procedure might induce stable corneal changes because of the preservation of the anterior layers of the cornea.
Surface characterization of SiC mirrors exposed to fast atomic oxygen (1995)

Abstract Two chemical vapor deposited silicon carbide (SiC) mirrors were exposed to the 5 eV fast atomic oxygen environment in low Earth orbit on NASA's Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) which remained in space for nearly 6 years. The samples were characterized using the techniques of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and reflectance measurements. The normal‐incidence optical reflectance of the atomic‐oxygen‐exposed portion of one sample degraded considerably over the 60–160 nm span. The XPS results showed the presence of SiO 2 ‐like species, the thickness varying from 1 to 8 nm depending upon the location of the samples on the spacecraft. The XPS results are in good agreement with those from ellipsometry measurements.
Water Purification with Natural Sorbents: Effect of Surface Modification with Nano-structured Particles (2015)

Modified nanostructured sorbents are widely used in water treatment processes. In this work, aluminum and iron particles prepared by electro-spark dispersion have been applied as modifiers. Zeolite samples from “Holinskoe” mineral deposit (Russia, Republic of Buryatia), with a size smaller than 0.1 mm, have been modified with aluminum and iron particles, using a sol-gel process. The properties of the modified materials have been determined by means of sorption test, when removing ions Pb2+, Fe3+ and Cd2+ from the model solutions in static conditions. Using the method of thermal desorption of nitrogen (BET) it has been shown that increasing the iron content in the samples of nanostructured modified sorbents does not affect the increase in specific surface area and pore volume of the samples. Ions concentrations have been analyzed by stripping voltammetry and photocolorimetry. As a result, modified sorbents revealed a high efficiency sorption of heavy metals.
An experimental study of pressure drop in helical pipes (1994)

Abstract Pressure drops of fully-developed incompressible laminar newtonian flows in helical pipes of constant circular cross-section having a finite pitch are experimentally investigated. For the case of loosely coiled pipes of 0 &amp;lt; η/λ &amp;lt; 41.22, f Re (f is the Fanning friction factor and Re is the Reynolds number) is found to be proportional to the square root of the flow Dean number, Dn = Re λ½. Here λ and η are the normalized curvature ratio and torsion which incorporate both the coil radius and its pitch. In all cases studied, the experimental results for f Re are in excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction of Liu &amp; Masliyah.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Spirastrellolide A Methyl Ester. Part 2. Subunit Union and Completion of the Synthesis. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synergism of CPT-11 and Apo2L/TRAIL against Two Differentially Sensitive Human Colon Tumor Xenografts (2008)

These results indicate that both Apo2L/TRAIL-sensitive and -resistant colon tumors will respond to a combination of CPT-11 and Apo2L/TRAIL and predict that this will be useful in the treatment of human colon cancers in a clinical setting.
Differences in the extent and heterogeneity of lysyl hydroxylation in embryonic chick cranial and long bone collagens. (1983)

The hydroxylation of lysine in embryonic chick long bone and mandibular collagen was found to be approximately 3-fold greater than that of the collagens of adult animals. In contrast, no significant difference was found in extent of lysine hydroxylation of the collagens of frontal bones of embryos and postnatal animals. Both histochemical and biochemical evidence established that full thickness diaphyseal bone samples contained cartilage and, consequently, type II collagen which undoubtedly contributed to the higher hydroxylysine contents of young postnatal animals reported previously. DEAE ion exchange chromatography of the alpha 1(I) chains of lathyritic long bone and mandibular collagens isolated by carboxymethyl-cellulose ion exchange chromatography showed considerable heterogeneity, whereas the alpha 1(I) chains obtained from lathyritic frontal bone collagen did not. Three fractions of alpha 1(I) chains of long bones and mandibular collagen were isolated which differed significantly in their hydroxylysine contents. The relative proportion of the three peaks changed as a function of embryonic age and maturation: more of the alpha 1(I) chains with the highest hydroxylysine content was present in the collagen synthesized earliest during embryonic development. This is consistent with results which demonstrated that the collagens synthesized earliest during embryonic and postnatal development had the highest hydroxylysine contents.
Intra-Frame Coding Using a Conditional Autoencoder (2020)

Exploiting spatial redundancy in images is responsible for a large gain in the performance of image and video compression. The main tool to achieve this is called intra-frame prediction. In most state-of-the-art video coders, intra prediction is applied in a block-wise fashion. Up to now angular prediction was dominant, providing a low-complexity method covering a large variety of content. With deep learning, however, it is possible to create prediction methods covering a wider range of content, being able to predict structures which traditional modes can not predict accurately. Using the conditional autoencoder structure, we are able to train a single artificial neural network which is able to perform multi-mode prediction. In this paper, we derive the approach from the general formulation of the intra-prediction problem and introduce two extensions for spatial mode prediction and for chroma prediction support. Moreover, we propose a novel latent-space-based cross component prediction. We show the power of our prediction scheme with visual examples and report average gains of 1.13% in Bjøntegaard delta rate in the luma component and 1.21% in the chroma component compared to VTM using only traditional modes.
Effect of boron doping on the surfaces of diamond thin films (1993)

Auger and electron energy loss spectroscopies were used to study chemical and structural properties of as-grown surfaces of boron-doped diamond thin films prepared by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Results are compared to surface properties of as-deposited undoped diamond thin films. As the boron level in the film increased energy losses associated with π electron bonds (sp2 sites) were enhanced at the surface. Similarly, the surface oxygen level of the films increased with increasing boron content. On the other hand the characteristic diamond Raman peak at 1332 cm−1 was narrower than in the undoped films and the broad band at about 1500 cm−1 associated with nondiamond carbon decreased. Surface morphology micrographs obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements indicated that the introduction of boron enhances the appearance of the (111) planes. Surface characterization together with the Raman and SEM results suggest that boron doping enhances surface reactivity resulting in increased adsorption of oxygen and carbonaceous species following the growth process. This behavior has implications on surface treatments necessary for device applications.