gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Author response: Cell size sensing in animal cells coordinates anabolic growth rates and cell cycle progression to maintain cell size uniformity (2018)

Animal cells come in many different sizes. In humans, for example, egg cells are thousands of times larger than sperm cells. Yet cells of any given type are often strikingly similar in size. The cells that line the surface of organs including the skin and kidneys are especially uniform; in fact a loss of size uniformity in certain tumors is a sign of malignancy. What kind of regulation could enable separate cells within a tissue to have the same size? One possibility is that each type of cell is programmed with a specific target size, and that a cell can sense if it strays from its target and take steps to compensate. Animal cells sensing their own size was first reported in the 1960s, and now Ginzberg et al. confirm that human cells grown in the laboratory do indeed monitor their size and correct deviations from their target. It turns out that two separate and independent processes help to keep all the cells in the population roughly uniform in size. Firstly, proliferating human cells that are smaller than their target size spend longer growing before they divide. Secondly, at two time points between cell divisions, large cells adjust their growth rate such that they grow slower than small cells. To show these processes in action, Ginzberg et al. introduced mutations or chemicals that perturbed the length of time between cell divisions or the rate of a cell’s growth. As expected, most of these perturbations had only a modest influence on cell size, due to the cell’s compensatory strategies. Cells that had less time to grow compensated by more quickly making new protein molecules, meaning that they still had enough material to build two new cells by the time they had to divide. In contrast, if a cell’s division was artificially delayed, it reduced its growth rate to stop it from becoming too large. Similarly, cells grown in conditions that slow the production of proteins extended the time between their cell divisions to give them enough time to accumulate the material required for two new cells. In a recent related study, Liu, Ginzberg et al. identified some of the molecules that a human cell uses to sense its own size. Together these two studies now pave the road to answering a fundamental question in cell biology: what is the elusive cell size sensor? Understanding how cells sense their size will open a window onto how quantitative information is programmed, sensed and communicated within living cells. These findings will shed also new light onto how cells specialize into cell types of different sizes, and what happens when cells lose the ability to sense or regulate their size in diseases like cancers.
Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, 193. Reaktionen von Amino‐imino‐boranen mit Organyl‐, Methoxy‐ und Dimethylamino‐Verbindungen des Phosphors, Arsens und Antimons (1989)

Abstract Die Einschiebung der EO‐ bzw. EN‐Bindung von Phosphan‐, Arsan‐ und Stiban‐Derivaten E(OMe) 3 bzw. E(NMe 2 ) 3 in die BN‐Bindung der Amino‐imino‐borane 5a , b wird vom Lewis‐Säure‐Charakter der EX 3 ‐Verbindungen bestimmt, der in der Reihe E = P &lt; As &lt; Sb zunimmt. Darüber hinaus spielen sterische Effekte eine Rolle, wie an der Abnahme der Reaktivität in der Reihe PhPCl 2 &gt; MePCl 2 &gt; i PrPCl 2 ≫ t BuPCl 2 , die ausschließlich zur Chlorophosphorylierung der Amino‐imino‐borane führt, gezeigt wird. Aminodichlorphosphane reagieren mit 5a uneinheitlich. (MeO) 2 PCl liefert die Methoxyphosphorylierungsprodukte 12 und 13 .
Experimental Verification of a Two-Degree-of-Freedom Resonant Actuator Using Its Detent Force (2021)

This study aims to present a new two-degree-of-freedom resonant actuator and its motion control method. Accordingly, the design method for this resonant actuator that resonates using its detent force without mechanical spring is proposed. In this actuator, a centering force is generated according to the moving distance, regardless of the moving direction on the X-Y plane. Using this feature, various resonance motions on the X-Y plane can be realized. This study also proves that the reciprocating motion, elliptical motion, and scroll motion can be controlled. The results of finite element analysis support the characteristics of the proposed actuator, which were compared to the results of measurements on a prototype. Finally, the effectiveness of motion control was validated through the prototype.
Aeroacoustic Study of a High-Fidelity Aircraft Model: Part 2-Unsteady Surface Pressures (2012)

In this paper, we present unsteady surface pressure measurements for an 18%-scale, semi-span Gulfstream aircraft model. This high-fidelity model is being used to perform detailed studies of airframe noise associated with main landing gear, flap components, and gear–flap interaction noise, as well as to evaluate novel noise reduction concepts. The aerodynamic segment of the tests, conducted in the NASA Langley Research Center 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel, was completed in November 2010. To discern the characteristics of the surface pressure fluctuations in the vicinity of the prominent noise sources, unsteady sensors were installed on the inboard and outboard flap edges, and on the main gear wheels, struts, and door. Various configurations were tested, including flap deflections of 0o, 20o, and 39o, with and without the main landing gear. The majority of unsteady surface pressure measurements were acquired for the nominal landing configuration where the main gear was deployed and the flap was deflected 39o. To assess the Mach number variation of the surface pressure amplitudes, measurements were obtained at Mach numbers of 0.16, 0.20, and 0.24. Comparison of the unsteady surface pressures with the main gear on and off shows significant interaction between the gear wake and the inboard flap edge, resulting in higher amplitude fluctuations when the gear is present.
Alpha 1 Microglobulin: A Potentially Paradoxical Anti-Oxidant Agent (2017)

Alpha 1 microglobulin is a low molecular weight heme binding antioxidant protein with interesting, and potentially important, clinical applications. However, much remains to be learned about its in vivo effects. This invited review raises a number of physiologic issues regarding this compound as it pertains to clinical use.
A failure model of heating filaments in epitaxial growth tools (2012)

This paper presents a failure model of heating filaments as used in semiconductor manufacturing tools for growing epitaxial films. Attempts were endeavoured to provide feasible physical insights on the observations in changes of impedance as indirectly derived via readings of voltage-current measurements, instead of conventional data-driven black-box approach of statistical regressions. The proposed model is able to predict the magnitudes of these impedance changes and the classification result lends itself to the setting up of quantifiable control limits to enable early warnings of fault detections in process controls.
Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions (2007)

A 40-year-old right-handed female presented with a threeweek history of abrupt onset, persistent right-sided sensory alteration. She described a sense of heaviness and numbness in the right face, arm, and part of her right leg. She also noted intermittent expressive speech difficulty. On examination, she was found to have a mild right-sided facial droop and impairment of all sensory modalities including light touch, pinprick, vibration, and proprioception throughout her right side. The remainder of her neurological exam was normal and speech was fluent.
Fractional Diffusion Equation and the Electrical Impedance: Experimental Evidence in Liquid-Crystalline Cells (2012)

The electrical impedance data of different nematic liquid-crystal cells are analyzed in the framework of a model in which the diffusion of mobile ions in the bulk is governed by a fractional diffusion equation of distributed order. The boundary conditions at the electrodes limiting the sample are described by an integro-differential equation governing the kinetic at the interface that embodies, in particular, the usual kinetic equation for describing the adsorption–desorption process at the electrodes but is expressed in terms of a temporal kernel that can be chosen to cover scenarios that are not suitably described within the usual framework of blocking electrodes. The analysis is carried out by supposing that the positive and negative ions have the same mobility and that the electric potential profile across the sample satisfies the Poisson’s equation. The results cover a rich variety of scenarios, including the ones connected to anomalous diffusion.
THE PREPARATION OF A COPOLYMER GRAFT OF POLYTETRAFLUORETHYLENE (TEFLON) WITH METHYLMETHACRYLATE (1963)

The adhesion of teflon can be improved by forming a copolymer on the surface by irradiation. An electric discharge in air or oxygen is a simpler and milder method than irradiation for formation of a copolymer graft on a teflon surface. An electric discharge is initiated between two glass insulating tubes in a gap 1.5 to 2.0 mm in diameter by a 50 cycle per second current at 22 to 30 kilovolts. The teflon film is placed in the discharge zone for 10 to 30 minutes, and methylmethacrylate is grafted onto the activated teflon surface by polymerizing in the presence of the methylmethacrylate monomer at 85 to 90 deg C to a conversion of 4 to 5%. The graft film is removed by boiling for 10 hours with dichloroethane and acetone, dried to constant weight, and analyzed for a change in properties as compared to the starting material. Chemical analysis for C, F, and H were carried out on the initial teflon, and on graft copolymers containing 3.28 and 8.42% methylmethacrylate. An infrared absorption spectrum of the graft film showed an absorption band at 1700 cm/sup -1/ characteristic of the CO-group, and other bands at 1450 and 300 cm/sup -1/more » characteristic of the CH/sub 3/group. Although the initial teflon film could not be glued to steel with one of the thermostable glues, it was found that the grafted teflon sheet could be bonded to steel with a strength varying from 5 to 22 to 25 kg/cm/sup 2/ (depending on the amount of grafted methylmethacrylate). (TTT)« less
Algoritma Steganografi dengan Metode Spread Spectrum Berbasis PCMK (2017)

Kriptografi dan steganografi adalah dua alat untuk menawarkan keamanan data. Kriptografi menyediakan fitur seperti kerahasiaan, keaslian, dan integritas data. Steganografi biasanya terdiri dari dua sistem, yaitu sistem untuk menyembunyikan pesan dan sistem untuk mengambil pesan. Metode berbasis sistem chaos adalah metode yang berhubungan dengan suatu kegiatan atau kebiasaan sistem non-linear yang dinamis, dimana untuk beberapa kondisi menampilkan sebuah fenomena acak (chaos). Untuk membaca suatu pesan, penerima memerlukan algoritma yaitu crypto-key dan stego-key. Pada penelitian ini diajukan sebuah algoritma steganografi baru yaitu permutasi Chaotic berbasis multiputaran mengecil dan membesar (PCMPK/B) yang memiliki ruang kunci yang sangat besar, sehingga dapat diterapkan untuk metode steganografi dengan kebutuhan ruang kunci yang besar dan tahan terhadap brute force attack. Dari beberapa hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan kinerja algoritma steganografi yang dihasilkan tahan tehadap gangguan kompresi JPEG, terhadap noise standar (Gaussian noise, Poisson noise, Salt and Pepper noise , dan Speckle noise), terhadap kehilangan data, serta terhadap perubahan kecerahan dan kontras
NO and NO2Emission Ratios Measured from In-Use Commercial Aircraft during Taxi and Takeoff (2004)

In August 2001, the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory simultaneously measured NO, NO2, and CO2 within 350 m of a taxiway and 550 m of a runway at John F. Kennedy Airport. The meteorological conditions were such that taxi and takeoff plumes from individual aircraft were clearly resolved against background levels. NO and NO2 concentrations were measured with 1 s time resolution using a dual tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectroscopy instrument, utilizing an astigmatic multipass Herriott cell. The CO2 measurements were also obtained at 1 s time resolution using a commercial non-dispersive infrared absorption instrument. Plumes were measured from over 30 individual planes, ranging from turbo props to jumbo jets. NOx emission indices were determined by examining the correlation between NOx (NO + NO2) and CO2 during the plume measurements. Several aircraft tail numbers were unambiguously identified, allowing those specific airframe/engine combinations to be determined. The resulting NOx emission indices from positively identified in-service operating airplanes are compared with the published International Civil Aviation Organization engine certification test database collected on new engines in certification test cells.
Comparative Pharmacology of Cardiac and Vascular Tissues in Heart Failure (1989)

The purpose of this paper is to review various factors of the control of cardiac contractility and of vascular tone that may be altered in heart failure and that are targets for pharmacotherapeutic interventions. This paper is divided into three main sections: pathophysiological aspects of heart failure, differences in the regulation of cardiac contraction and of vascular tone, and pharmacological principles in the management of heart failure.
Miniaturisation d'antennes à base de nouveaux matériaux. (2007)

National audience
Chandra HRC Observations of X-rays from Jupiter's Aurora (2001)

In support of the Cassini flyby of Jupiter, the Chandra HRC was used to observe the Jovian system for 10 hours on December 18, 2000, from 10-20 UT. Analysis of the data has yielded the following results: 1) a strong, high-latitude northern auroral hot spot. which is relatively fixed near 60-70 degrees north latitude and 160-180 degrees system III longitude, and which pulsates with a period of about 40 minutes and has an average emitted power of about 2 GW; 2) relatively uniform low-latitude emissions, with a total power output of about 5 GW; 3) a southern aurora which shows both high latitude emissions and lower-latitude emissions originating in the L=8-12 region just outside the Io Plasma Torus, with an emitted power of about 1 GW. These power estimates are based on an assumed emission wavelength of 574 eV (corresponding to a bright emission line of OVII ions), and are subject to revision as Chandra ACIS spectra of Jupiter are analyzed further. We will present these and other results from this unique data set.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Homing of Human B Cells to Lymphoid Organs and B-Cell Lymphoma Engraftment Are Controlled by Cell Adhesion Molecule JAM-C (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 5664K, Controls for human B cell quantification in NOD/SCID mice&lt;/p&gt;
A map-based system using speech and 3D gestures for pervasive computing (2003)

We describe an augmentation of Quickset, a multimodal voice/pen system that allows users to create and control map-based, collaborative, interactive simulations. In this paper, we report on our extension of the graphical pen input mode front stylus/mouse to 3D hand movements. To do this, the map is projected onto a virtual plane in space, specified by the operator before the start of the interactive session. We then use our geometric model to compute the intersection of hand movements with the virtual plane, translating these into map coordinates on the appropriate system. The goal of this research is the creation of a body-centered, multimodal architecture employing both speech and 3D hand gestures, which seamlessly, and unobtrusively supports distributed interaction. The augmented system, built on top of an existing architecture, also provides an improved visualization, management and awareness of a shared understanding. Potential applications of this work include telemedicine, battlefield management and any kind of collaborative decision-making during which users may wish to be mobile.
Evaluation des effets sanitaires des basses fréquences sonores et infrasons dus aux parcs éoliens (2017)

Le développement des éoliennes comme source d’énergie électrique renouvelable a conduit à s’interroger sur leur potentialité à produire des sons basses fréquences (20 Hz à 200 Hz) et des infrasons (inférieurs à 20 Hz) et sur leurs éventuelles conséquences pour la santé.En mars 2006, l’Académie nationale de médecine a considéré, dans un rapport concernant le retentissement du fonctionnement des éoliennes sur la santé de l’être humain, que l’impact sonore des parcs éoliens était comparable à celui des aéroports, des infrastructures de transports ou des usines. Ce rapport recommandait une classification des parcs éoliens en « zone industrielle » et une distance minimale d’implantation de 1 500 mètres des habitations.Saisie alors par la DGPR et la DGS pour étudier les impacts sanitaires du bruit engendré par les éoliennes, l’Agence française de sécurité sanitaire environnementale (Afsse) avait conclu, dans son rapport intitulé « Impacts sanitaires du bruit généré par les éoliennes » et publié en mars 2008, que les émissions sonores des éoliennes n’avaient pas de conséquences sanitaires directes tant au niveau de l’appareil auditif que des effets liés à l’exposition aux basses fréquences et aux infrasons. Ce rapport considérait également que l’énoncé systématique d’une distance minimale d’éloignement de 1500 mètres, sans prendre en compte l’environnement (notamment topographique) du parc éolien, ne semblait pas pertinent.La réglementation française relative aux éoliennes a depuis été modifiée, avec l’introduction d’une distance minimale d’implantation des éoliennes de 500 mètres au-delà de toute habitation, puis le classement des parcs éoliens dans le régime des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement (ICPE, arrêtés du 26 août 2011). Ces textes considèrent les bandes d’octave de 125 à 4 000 Hz. Les très basses fréquences et les infrasons, plus difficiles à mesurer, ne sont actuellement pas pris en compte.Comme l’a mis en évidence un travail spécifique sur l'encadrement réglementaire relatif au bruit des éoliennes ou aux infrasons et basses fréquences provenant de toutes sources sonores réalisé, à la demande de l’Anses, par le Centre d'information et de documentation sur le bruit (CIDB) il n’existe pas actuellement de réglementation harmonisée au sein de l’Union européenne. Seuls quelques référentiels nationaux incluent des dispositions spécifiques aux parcs éoliens.La plupart des plaintes liées à des bruits basses fréquences correspondent à des situations d’exposition à l’intérieur des bâtiments. Certains pays1 ont ainsi développé des recommandations relatives à l’exposition aux bruits basses fréquences et aux infrasons à l’intérieur des habitations, le plus souvent au voisinage des installations industrielles.En France, des plaintes de riverains concernant le bruit des éoliennes ont été signalées à la DGPR par les Directions régionales de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (DREAL).
Adjoint-Based Uncertainty Quantification for Radiation Transport Calculations with Uncertain Cross Section Data. (2018)

Abstract not provided.
Lymphoid Enhancer Factor 1-Mediated Wnt Signaling Promotes the Initiation of Trophoblast Lineage Differentiation in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (2008)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells can differentiate into all three embryonic germ layers but rarely into trophectoderm (TE) lineages that contribute to the placenta, although TE differentiation can be initiated by genetic manipulation of key genes involved in TE development. We demonstrate that Wnt signaling can initiate TE lineage differentiation by triggering an appropriate cue, caudal-related homeobox 2 (Cdx2). Overexpression and RNA interference knockdown studies indicate that Cdx2 induction in response to Wnt3a is mediated by lymphoid enhancer factor 1, whose expression is regulated by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and bone morphogenetic protein. Removal of LIF, along with addition of Wnt3a, stimulated Cdx2 expression and induced formation of trophoblast stem (TS) cells. These TS cells were able to differentiate into cells with characteristics of spongiotrophoblast and trophoblast giant cells. This is, to our knowledge, the first evidence that TE lineage differentiation can be induced by Wnt signaling in mouse ES cells.
The Role of Glutamic or Aspartic Acid in Position Four of the Epitope Binding Motif and Thyrotropin Receptor-Extracellular Domain Epitope Selection in Graves’ Disease (2010)

TSH-R-ECD epitopes with D/E in position four of the binding motif bind more strongly to DRB1*0301 than epitopes that are D/E- and are more stimulatory to GD patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to splenocytes from mice immunized to hTSH-R. These epitopes appear important in immunogenicity to TSH-R due to their favored binding to HLA-DR3, thus increasing presentation to T cells.
Edge Emissions and Broad Band Emissions in Thallous Halides (1976)

The emission spectra are measured in pure TlBr and TlCl crystals as well as in the mixed crystals of TlBr(Cl), TlBr(I), TlCl(Br) and TlCl(I). Sharp emission lines near the absorption edge are observed in TlBr and TlCl. High energy lines among them are examined with the aid of the exciton state calculation and are interpreted as the radiative decay of the indirect forbidden X 6 + × R 6 - excitons. In the halogen-doped crystals, the emissions due to the zero phonon decay of the X 6 + × R 6 - excitons are observed. The broad band emissions observed in the long wavelength region in the halogen-doped crystals are assigned to the decays of the relaxed excitons localized at the added halogen ions.
Role of Calcineurin in Ca2+‐Induced Release of Catecholamines and Neuropeptides (1998)

Neurotransmission requires rapid docking, fusion, and recycling of neurotransmitter vesicles. Several of the proteins involved in this complex Ca2+-regulated mechanism have been identified as substrates for protein kinases and phosphatases, e.g., the synapsins, synaptotagmin, rabphilin3A, synaptobrevin, munc18, MARCKS, dynamin I, and B-50/GAP-43. So far most attention has focused on the role of kinases in the release processes, but recent evidence indicates that phosphatases may be as important. Therefore, we investigated the role of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin in exocytosis and subsequent vesicle recycling. Calcineurin-neutralizing antibodies, which blocked dynamin I dephosphorylation by endogenous synaptosomal calcineurin activity, but had no effect on the activity of protein phosphatases 1 or 2A, were introduced into rat permeabilized nerve terminals and inhibited Ca2+-induced release of [3H]noradrenaline and neuropeptide cholecystokinin-8 in a specific and concentration-dependent manner. Our data show that the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin plays an essential role in exocytosis and/or vesicle recycling of noradrenaline and cholecystokinin-8, transmitters stored in large dense-cored vesicles.
Prophylaxis of Recurrent Deep Venous Thrombosis. A Randomized, Prospective Study Using Indobufen and Graduated Elastic Compression Stockings (1993)

After an episode of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 224 patients were randomized into four groups: a control group (A; 63 subjects); one receiving prophylaxis with indobufen (B; 60 patients)--an oral antiplatelet agent; one using graduated elastic compression stockings (C; 53); and one receiving prophylaxis with both indobufen and graduated stockings (D; 48). Patients were monitored over a three-year period with color duplex scanning repeated every three months. In 46% of the controls there was at least one episode of recurrent DVT (RDVT). In patients receiving indobufen (group B) and using graduated compression stockings (group C) the incidence of RDVT was significantly lower (5% and 9.43%, respectively). The incidence of RDVT was further significantly reduced by the combination of the two methods (group D) (2.08%). In conclusion, RDVT is common and often asymptomatic and can be effectively prevented by prophylaxis with indobufen or graduated compression and more effectively by the combination of the two methods.