gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Staggered pillaring: a strategy to control layer–layer packing and enhance porosity in MOFs (2016)

Convenient access to metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with defined structural and chemical features is required to satisfy the design criteria for targeted applications. Here, we demonstrate that staggered pillaring between the layers of a binodal 2-D metal–organic framework (MOF) at only the alternating axial sites of the dimetallic copper(II) paddlewheel nodes aligns the 2-D layers and significantly increases the porosity of the resulting 3-D MOF. Two new pillared MOFs of this form were synthesized, [Cu3(bcppm)2(NO3)2(L)]·xS (where bcppm = bis(4-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)methane and L = DABCO and pyrazine), via a mixed ligand synthesis. Both pillared 3-D frameworks have considerably larger BET surface areas than their 2-D counterpart, due to the alignment of 2-D layers from a staggered to eclipsed arrangement in the 3-D material; this increase in pore space and surface area is realized despite both materials being 2-fold interpenetrated. The strategy outlined here demonstrates a method of designing porous 3-D MOFs from nonporous 2-D-layered materials with a minimum of layer–layer connections.
Cattle Water Troughs as Reservoirs of Escherichia coli O157 (2001)

Environmental survival of Escherichia coli O157 may play an important role in the persistence and dissemination of this organism on farms. The survival of culturable and infectious E. coli O157 was studied using microcosms simulating cattle water troughs. Culturable E. coli O157 survived for at least 245 days in the microcosm sediments. Furthermore, E. coli O157 strains surviving more than 6 months in contaminated microcosms were infectious to a group of 10-week-old calves. Fecal excretion of E. coli O157 by these calves persisted for 87 days after challenge. Water trough sediments contaminated with feces from cattle excreting E. coli O157 may serve as a long-term reservoir of this organism on farms and a source of infection for cattle.
Extended Gray-Wyner System with Complementary Causal Side Information (2017)

We establish the rate region of an extended Gray-Wyner system for 2-DMS $(X,Y)$ with two additional decoders having complementary causal side information. This extension is interesting because in addition to the operationally significant extreme points of the Gray-Wyner rate region, which include Wyner's common information, G{á}cs-K{ö}rner common information and information bottleneck, the rate region for the extended system also includes the K{ö}rner graph entropy, the privacy funnel and excess functional information, as well as three new quantities of potential interest, as extreme points. To simplify the investigation of the 5-dimensional rate region of the extended Gray-Wyner system, we establish an equivalence of this region to a 3-dimensional mutual information region that consists of the set of all triples of the form $(I(X;U),\,I(Y;U),\,I(X,Y;U))$ for some $p_{U|X,Y}$. We further show that projections of this mutual information region yield the rate regions for many settings involving a 2-DMS, including lossless source coding with causal side information, distributed channel synthesis, and lossless source coding with a helper.
Iridium-catalyzed selective α-methylation of ketones with methanol (2014)

Iridium-catalyzed selective α-dimethylation and α-methylation of ketones or phenylacetonitriles, using methanol as the methylating agent, were achieved. In addition, three-component cross α-methyl-alkylation was successfully performed using methyl ketones with methanol and primary alcohols with long-chain alkyl groups. This method provides a very convenient direct route to α-methylated ketones, using methanol.
Interferon Induction by Viruses and Polynucleotides: A Differential Effect of Camptothecin (1975)

The plant alkaloid comptothecin inhibits interferon production induced by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or ultraviolet-irradiated NDV in chick and human cells, and by Sindbis virus in chick cells. It has no effect on interferon production induced by poly (rI).poly(rC) in chick and human cells. No effect of comptothecin could be detected on the multiplication of NDV, and it is concluded that the inhibition reflects a difference between interferon induction by viruses and by polynucleotides.
Finite Element Analysis Model Validation to Evaluate Trabecular Metal Tibial Cones Used in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty (2013)

A comparative finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed to predict the relative stresses and strains in Zimmer NexGen®Trabecular Metal™ Tibial Cone components. The FEA predictions were compared to measurements obtained through physical testing. The model was validated for its ability to correctly rank the order of predicted strain in the components under applied load.
Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsies Using New Automatic Gun: Analysis of 100 Consecutive Cases (1989)

Ultrasound-guided biopsies were performed on 100 outpatients with suspicious prostate lesions detected by either digital rectal examination (DRE) or transrectal ultrasound procedures. The automatic biopsy gun was used without anesthesia, and a good core of tissue was obtained with each biopsy. There were no serious complications. Biopsies showed carcinoma in 27 patients, atypia in 8, prostatitis in 10, and unremarkable benign tissue in 55. Of 56 patients with suspicious DRE, carcinoma was present in 23 cases (41%), whereas 44 with nonsuspicious DRE revealed carcinoma in 4 cases (9%). Our results indicate that the biopsy gun is a safe, effective technique for prostate gland biopsy and, in specific situations, can obtain tissue from the seminal vesicles or from suspicious areas after radical prostatectomy.
Transmission of Ureaplasma urealyticum from mothers to full and preterm infants (1995)

This study assessed maternal genital colonization and subsequent neonatal transmission rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant women in an average socioeconomic population. In addition very low birth weight infants were assessed to determine whether the presence of U. urealyticum correlated with increased risk of developing respiratory problems. The study group consisted of 108 sequential full term mothers and 104 preterm mothers delivering in a tertiary care hospital in central Canada. The genital carriage rates (assessed using placental sampling) of ureaplasmas in term and preterm mothers were 25.9 and 19.2%, respectively (P = 0.3185). Acquisition of ureaplasmas in the neonatal respiratory tract of neonates occurred significantly (P = 0.0182) more often in preterm neonates (11 of 130; 8.5%) than in term neonates (2 of 110; 0.9%). Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (< or = 1500 g) were at greater risk (P = 0.042) of acquiring ureaplasmas in their respiratory tracts (5 of 26; 19%) than larger preterm neonates (6 of 104; 5.8%). All VLBW infants with respiratory colonization by ureaplasmas (5 of 5) developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with 33% (7 of 21) of VLBW neonates without ureaplasmas (P = 0.028). This difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia development among VLBW infants was independent of further stratification by birth weight. These VLBW neonates with ureaplasmas also stayed significantly (P = 0.037) longer in the neonatal intensive care unit (43.6 +/- 10.4 days) than did other preterm neonates (22.1 +/- 20.8 days). Our results demonstrate that VLBW preterm neonates have increased risk of acquiring U. urealyticum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Powder Metallurgy Produced Aligned Long Tungsten Fiber Reinforced Tungsten Composites (2022)

For the future fusion reactor, tungsten is the main candidate material as the plasma-facing material. However, considering the high thermal stress during operation, the intrinsic brittleness of tungsten is one of the issues. To overcome the brittleness, tungsten fiber reinforces tungsten composites (Wf/W) developed using extrinsic toughening mechanisms. The powder metallurgy process and chemical vapor deposition process are the two production routes for preparing Wf/W. For the powder metallurgy route, due to technical limitations, previous studies focused on short random distributed fiber-reinforced composites. However, for short random fiber composites, the strength and reinforcement effect are considerably limited compared to aligned continuous fiber composites. In this work, aligned long tungsten fiber reinforced tungsten composites have been first time realized based on powder metallurgy processes, by alternately placing tungsten weaves and tungsten powder layers. The produced Wf/W shows significantly improved mechanical properties compared to pure W and conventional short fiber Wf/W.
A miniaturized low power personal motion analysis logger utilizing MEMS accelerometers and low power microcontroller (2005)

Portable uniaxial accelerometer units have been widely used to quantify non-exercise activity, but these instruments are not sufficiently sensitive to quantify the physical activity of a given free-living individual. Significant improvements can be made over current systems by utilizing cutting-edge technologies, such as low-power microcontrollers and MEMS accelerometers, to develop power-efficient motion analysis systems with small form factors. A motion tracking system with a very compact form factor would experience greatly expanded use and allow a wider range of activities to be studied. We have built several small devices incorporating either 2-axis or 3-axis MEMS accelerometer, low-power microcontroller, and mini secure digital memory card. Our device has proven to be comparable to the existing motion analysis system at distinguishing subject posture and motion.
Resource sharing among mutually exclusive sum-of-product blocks for area reduction (2008)

In state-of-the-art digital designs, arithmetic blocks consume a major portion of the total area of the IC. The arithmetic sum-of-product (SOP) is the most widely used arithmetic block. Some of the examples of SOP are adder, subtractor, multiplier, multiply-accumulator (MAC), squarer, chain-of-adders, incrementor, decrementor, etc. In this article, we introduce a novel, area-efficient architecture to share different SOP blocks which are used in a mutually exclusive manner. We implement the core functions of the largest SOP only once and reuse different parts of the core subblocks for all other SOP operations with the help of multiplexers. This architecture can be used in the nontiming-critical paths of the design, to save significant amounts of area. Our experimental data shows that the proposed sharing-based architecture results in about 37% area savings compared to the results obtained from a commercially available best-in-class datapath synthesis tool. In addition, our proposed shared implementation consumes about 18% less power. These improvements were verified on placed-and-routed designs as well.
Limitations of ergonovine testing in patients with variant angina (1982)

Fourteen patients with variant angina underwent ergonovine testing during diagnostic coronary angiography. The clinical electrocardiographic or angiographic manifestations of coronary artery spasm could not be reproduced in six of these patients. Five patients had chest pain and transient ST-segment elevation within 4 days of the ergonovine study, including three who developed coronary spasm in the catheterization laboratory. It appears that the sensitivity of ergonovine testing in the diagnosis of coronary spasm is lower than previously emphasized.
Urological Complications in Renal Transplantation from Cadaveric Donor Grafts: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Years (2005)

The rate of complications observed in this retrospective analysis is similar to the experience of other studies, ranging from 2 to 20%. If the classical extravesical ureteral bladder implantation is to remain an attractive technique due to its simplicity, the surgical team at the training center should be aware of all the means to prevent any ureteral complications, such as the choice of another implantation technique and/or insertion of a transient ureteral stent.
Pressure Evaluation of Seamless Yoga Leggings Designed with Partition Structure (2022)

Abstract It is a novel approach to design the partition structure of clothing according to the deformation of the human body surface skin during exercise. The functional evaluation of these products remains unknown, and there is limited knowledge about the effects of the partition structure design on the pressure comfort of clothing. This research carried out a partitioned structural design of the leggings based on the skin deformation of the lower limbs of the human body during yoga exercise and developed two styles of seamless yoga leggings. The skin pressure exerted by the new seamless yoga leggings was compared with two commercial yoga leggings. Eight female college students were invited to wear all the yoga leggings samples and perform yoga exercises. The skin pressure exerted by yoga leggings was measured by the German novel-Pliance multipurpose pressure distribution measurement system on 10 body positions. The results showed that yoga leggings designed with a partitioned structure exert a comfortable pressure on the skin during yoga exercise, and the pressure change was smaller under different yoga postures, which has better pressure stability. The partition structure design model of seamless yoga leggings was optimized, which provided a reference for the functional partition design and product development of seamless yoga leggings.
Iterative MILP methods for vehicle-control problems (2005)

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is a powerful tool for planning and control problems because of its modeling capability and the availability of good solvers. However, for large models, MILP methods suffer computationally. In this paper, we present iterative MILP algorithms that address this issue. We consider trajectory-generation problems with obstacle-avoidance requirements and minimum-time trajectory-generation problems. These problems involve vehicles that are described by mixed logical dynamical equations, a form of hybrid system. The algorithms use fewer binary variables than standard MILP methods, and require less computational effort.
QOE-Aware Content Distribution Systems for Adaptive Bitrate Video Streaming (2020)

A prodigious increase in video streaming content along with a simultaneous rise in end system capabilities has led to the proliferation of adaptive bit rate video streaming users in the Internet. Today, video streaming services range from Video-on-Demand services like traditional IP TV to more recent technologies such as immersive 3D experiences for live sports events. In order to meet the demands of these services, the multimedia and networking research community continues to strive toward efficiently delivering high quality content across the Internet while also trying to minimize content storage and delivery costs. The introduction of flexible and adaptable technologies such as compute and storage clouds, Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networking continue to fuel content provider revenue. Today, content providers such as Google and Facebook build their own Software-Defined WANs to efficiently serve millions of users worldwide, while NetFlix partners with ISPs such as ATT (using OpenConnect) and cloud providers such as Amazon EC2 to serve their content and manage the delivery of several petabytes of high-quality video content for millions of subscribers at a global scale, respectively. In recent years, the unprecedented growth of video traffic in the Internet has seen several innovative systems such as Software Defined Networks and Information Centric Networks as well as inventive protocols such as QUIC, in an effort to keep up with the effects of this remarkable growth. While most existing systems continue to sub-optimally satisfy user requirements, future video streaming systems will require optimal management of storage and bandwidth resources that are several orders of magnitude larger than what is implemented today. Moreover, Quality-of-Experience metrics are becoming increasingly fine-grained in order to accurately quantify diverse content and consumer needs. In this dissertation, we design and investigate innovative adaptive bit rate video streaming systems and analyze the implications of recent technologies on traditional streaming approaches using real-world experimentation methods. We provide useful insights for current and future content distribution network administrators to tackle Quality-of-Experience dilemmas and serve high quality video content to several users at a global scale. In order to show how Quality-of-Experience can benefit from core network architectural modifications, we design and evaluate prototypes for video streaming in Information Centric Networks and Software-Defined Networks. We also present a real-world, in-depth analysis of adaptive bitrate video streaming over protocols such as QUIC and MPQUIC to show how end-to-end protocol innovation can contribute to substantial Quality-of-Experience benefits for adaptive bit rate video streaming systems. We investigate a cross-layer approach based on QUIC and observe that application layer-based information can be successfully used to determine transport layer parameters for ABR streaming applications.
Plastic Slides in the Preparation of Implant and Tissue for Interface Analysis (1989)

Advances in ground section histology of hard tissues and implants have been made with the use of plastic slides in combination with a cyanoacrylate glue. This paper describes the techniques used to prepare ground sections containing implant and bone for microradiography, light microscopy, and scanning electron microsopic analysis. The use of plastic slides can reduce specimen loss and provide flat, thin sections for backscattered electron microscopic and histological analysis. (The J Histotechnol 12:307, 1989)
Cost and Routing of Continuous Variable Quantum Networks (2021)

We study continuous-variable graph states with regular and complex network shapes and we report for their cost as a global measure of squeezing and number of squeezed modes that are necessary to build the network. We provide an analytical formula to compute the experimental resources required to implement the graph states and we use it to show that the scaling of the squeezing cost with the size of the network strictly depends on its topology. We show that homodyne measurements along parallel paths between two nodes allow to increase the final entanglement in these nodes and we use this effect to boost the efficiency of an entanglement routing protocol. The devised routing protocol is particularly efficient in running-time for complex sparse networks.
Fiber Laser Welding of Noncombustible Magnesium Alloy (2008)

Noncombustible magnesium alloy AMC602 (Mg-6mass%Al-2mass%Ca) extruded sheet of 2.0mm thickness was successfully welded using a fiber laser welding process at welding speed of 10m/min at 3kW laser power. Tensile strength of the welded joint was about 82 to 88% of that of the base metal. Vickers hardness, tensile strength and micro structural properties are also discussed.
Amine-Based Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) and hybrid perovskite solar cells (PvSCs) generally require appropriate transparent electrode with a low work function, which improves the electron extraction, increases the built-in potential, and suppresses charge recombinations. Hence, interfacial modifiers between the cathode and the photoactive layer play a significant role in OSCs and PvSCs, as they provide suitable energy-level alignment, leading to desirable charge carrier selectivity and suppressing charge carrier recombinations at the interfaces. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the energy-level mapping between a transparent electrode and photoactive layers to enhance the electron-transport ability by introducing amine-based interfacial modifiers (ABIMs). Among the ABIMs, polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) incorporating inverted OSCs shows enhanced power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 0.32 to 9.83% due to large interfacial dipole moments, leading to a well-aligned energy level between the cathode and the photoactive layer. Furthermore, we explore the versatility of the PEIE ABIM by employing different photoactive layers with fullerene derivatives, a nonfullerene acceptor, and a perovskite layer. Promisingly, inverted nonfullerene OSCs and planar n-i-p PvSCs with PEIE ABIM show outstanding PCEs of 11.88 and 17.15%, respectively.
Modeling the regulatory network of histone acetylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2007)

Acetylation of histones plays an important role in regulating transcription. Histone acetylation is mediated partly by the recruitment of specific histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs) to genomic loci by transcription factors, resulting in modulation of gene expression. Although several specific interactions between transcription factors and HATs and HDACs have been elaborated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the full regulatory network remains uncharacterized. We have utilized a linear regression of optimized sigmoidal functions to correlate transcription factor binding patterns to the acetylation profiles of 11 lysines in the four core histones measured at all S. cerevisiae promoters. The resulting associations are combined with large-scale protein-protein interaction data sets to generate a comprehensive model that relates recruitment of specific HDACs and HATs to transcription factors and their target genes and the resulting effects on individual lysines. This model provides a broad and detailed view of the regulatory network, describing which transcription factors are most significant in regulating acetylation of specific lysines at defined promoters. We validate the model, both computationally and experimentally, to demonstrate that it yields accurate predictions of these regulatory mechanisms.
Contralateral Eye-to-Eye Comparison of Wavefront-Guided and Wavefront-Optimized Photorefractive Keratectomy (2014)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01135719.
Fractionated products (2008)

Fractionated products are plasma proteins that have been extracted from pooled human plasma and manufactured into stable pharmaceuticals in dose forms suitable for clinical administration (Foster, 2005). The major categories of fractionated products are immunoglobulins for the treatment of disorders of immunity, the prevention of specific infections and the prevention of RhD immunization, albumin for volume and protein replacement and coagulation factors for haemostasis. The annual requirement for fractioned plasma products in the UK includes over 2000 kg of intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV) for the treatment of more than 1800 patients with primary immune deficiency; 120,000 doses of anti-D immunoglobulin to prevent haemolytic disease of the newborn in about 65,000 pregnancies; over 5000 kg of albumin for tens of thousands of patients treated for burns, shock and major trauma. In addition, over 500,000 doses of factor VIII concentrate, recombinant or plasma-derived, are required to treat about 6000 people with haemophilia A. In the USA it is estimated that as many as 1 million patients are treated each year with products derived from human plasma, with over 400,000 recipients of albumin and more than 20,000 recipients of IGIV. Worldwide, some 25 million litres of human plasma are fractionated each year, providing over 500 metric tonnes of human protein for therapeutic use (see Table 20.1).
Subsurface Particle Analysis using X-ray Computed Tomography and Confocal Xray Fluorescence (2014)

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