gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Etude théorique et expérimentale des instabilités de combustion et de leur contrôle dans un brûleur laminaire prémélangé (1994)

Une etude experimentale, theorique et numerique des instabilites de combustion et de leur controle est realisee dans un bruleur laminaire premelange, compromis entre un foyer d'interet industriel et une geometrie modelisable sur le plan fondamental. L'utilisation d'un modele d'acoustique lineaire, couple a une fonction de transfert acoustique de la flamme determinee experimentalement, permet de retrouver et d'expliquer la carte de stabilite du bruleur. Le mecanisme d'interaction flamme-acoustique est etudie au moyen d'un code de simulation numerique directe. Cet outil permet d'identifier les mecanismes de couplage entre l'onde acoustique et le taux de degagement de chaleur instationnaire. La fonction de transfert acoustique calculee est en bon accord avec la fonction de transfert mesuree. Un modele cinematique d'interaction flamme-acoustique est deduit: il represente correctement les mouvements du front de flamme, pour un moindre cout de calcul. L'action d'une boucle de controle actif, de type ligne a retard, est bien predite par le modele d'acoustique lineaire. Les performances d'un controleur auto-adaptatif sont analysees
Removal of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Cr (III) Ions from Wastewater Using Complexation-Ultrafiltration Technique (2008)

In the recent years, the complexationultrafiltration technique has been shown to be a promising technique for removal of heavy metals in solution. In this study, a polymerenhanced ultrafiltration process has been investigated for removal of toxic heavy metals such as Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cr(III) from synthetic wastewater solutions. Carboxy methyl cellulose as a water-soluble polymer was used for complexing the cationic forms of the heavy metals before filtration. The functions of the metal-CMC complexation are to increase their molecular weight and their size. The size of the complex has to be larger than the pores of the selected membrane so the complex can be retained. Permeate water is then purified from the heavy metals. Filtration experiments were performed with ultrafiltration membrane system, equipped with a polyethersulfon membrane with a 10000 Daltons cut-off. The pressure was fixed at 1 bar with a permeate flow rate of 7.5 l/h. Different parameters, affecting the percentage rejection of the metals, such as pH and metal/CMC ratio have been investigated. Results obtained revealed that the maximum percentage of the metals rejection was achieved at pH ≥ 7 with increasing of the CMC concentration. Advantages of that technology over the other conventional technologies are the low energy requirements involved in ultrafiltration, the very fast reaction kinetics, and the high selectivity of separation.
Squeeze strengthening of magnetorheological fluids using mixed mode operation (2015)

This research details a novel method of increasing the shear yield stress of magnetorheological fluids by combining shear and squeeze modes of operation to manipulate particle chain structures, so-called squeeze strengthening. Using a custom built Searle cell magnetorheometer, which is a model device emulating a rotary magnetorheological energy absorber (MREA), the contribution of squeeze strengthening to the total controllable yield force is experimentally investigated. Using an eccentric rotating inner cylinder, characterization data from large (1 mm) and small (0.25 mm) nominal gap geometries are compared to investigate the squeeze strengthening effect. Details of the experimental setup and method are presented, and a hybrid model is used to explain experimental trends. This study demonstrates that it is feasible, utilizing squeeze strengthening to increase yield stress, to either (1) design a rotary MREA of a given volume to achieve higher energy absorption density (energy absorbed normalized by active fluid volume), or (2) reduce the volume of a given rotary MREA to achieve the same energy absorption density.
A Service-Oriented Architecture for Emergency Management Systems (2011)

The complexity and openness of today's modern societies result in the threat of serious cascading effects when natural disasters or terrorist attacks strike. Thus, there is a high demand for state of the art IT support in the field of emergency management systems.In this paper, we identify the core requirements of future emergency management systems and present a new generation of modular, service-oriented and semantic-web-based architecture for emergency management systems. Our emergency management system offers innovative functionality in the context of distributed information sources, collaborative work environments, and consistent situation pictures.
E-092 Outcomes following surgical and endovascular treatment of extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms (VAA): a systematic evaluation of the literature (2023)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms are rare complications from trauma and multiple diseases. However, the difference between clinical and surgical profiles is not well understood. Our study aims to investigate the clinical and interventional outcomes following extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms (VAA) treatment through a systematic review of the literature to date. <h3>Methods</h3> Following PRISMA guidelines, an electronic database search for full-text English articles was conducted. The search yielded results on clinical and surgical outcomes for extracranial VAAs. These results included patient-specific risk factors, indications, and techniques. <h3>Results</h3> Our literature search yielded 561 articles, of which 36 studies were qualified to be included in the analysis. A total of 55 patients with multiple various extracranial VAA incidents were included. The mean age of subjects was 42 years (ranging from 13.0 to 76.0 years), and most patients were males (71%, n =39). Blunt trauma was the most frequent risk factor for extracranial VAA formation (35%, n = 19). The majority of aneurysms (60%) were dissecting in nature. The most common form of treatment for extracranial VAAs was using a flow diverter (24%, n=13). Overall, five (9%) patients had long-term adverse neurological complications following intervention with 5% (n=3) mortality, 2% (n=1) resulting in unilateral vocal cord paralysis, and 2% (n=1) resulting in a positive Romberg sign. The mortality rate is 15.7% in the surgical group, whereas the endovascular treatment did not result in any mortality. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The endovascular approach is a safe and effective treatment of extracranial VAAs due to its relatively low overall complication rate and lack of resulting mortality. This contrasts with the surgical approach, which results in a higher rate of complications, recurrence, and mortality outcomes. Understanding the factors and clinical outcomes associated with the incidence of extracranial VAAs is essential for improving patient outcomes. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>A. Ghaith:</b> None. <b>O. Akinnusotu:</b> None. <b>A. Bhatti:</b> None. <b>W. Wahood:</b> None. <b>R. Jarrah:</b> None. <b>M. Bydon:</b> None. <b>B. Bendok:</b> None.
A 73.9&#x2013;83.5GHz synthesizer with &#x2212;111dBc/Hz phase noise at 10MHz offset in a 130nm SiGe BiCMOS technology (2013)

A 73.9-83.5 GHz synthesizer is implemented in a 130nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The measured phase noise at 10KHz and 10MHz offset of the 82.4GHz carrier are -88.5dBc/Hz and -111dBc/Hz respectively. Reference spurs are -67 dBc. The synthesizer integrates voltage regulators and power management for SoC applications; it consumes 0.51 W from 1.5 V and 2.7 V supplies, and occupies 0.85 mm × 2.9 mm.
Detailed Heat Transfer Distributions in Engine Similar Cooling Channels for a Turbine Rotor Blade With Different Rib Orientations (2011)

Detailed Nusselt number distributions are presented for a gas turbine engine similar internal channel geometry used for cooling a modern first stage rotor blade. The cooling design has one leading edge channel and a three-pass channel that covers the rest of the blade. The simulated model, generated from the midspan section of an actual cooling circuit, was studied for wall heat transfer coefficient measurements using the transient liquid crystal technique. The model wall inner surfaces were sprayed with thermochromic liquid crystals, and a transient test was used to obtain the local heat transfer coefficients from the measured color change. Results are presented for a nominal channel inlet leading edge channel Reynolds number of 10700 and a channel inlet three-pass channel Reynolds number of 25500. Detailed heat transfer measurements are presented for the simulated leading edge, first pass, second pass and third pass interior walls for different rib configurations. The channels were studied for smooth, 90° ribs, and angled ribs geometries in addition to ribs on the divider walls between adjacent passages. Overall pressure drop measurements were also obtained for each passage. Some of these results are compared with the predicted heat transfer from standard correlations used in design practices. Results show very complicated heat transfer behavior in these realistic channels compared to results obtained in simplistic geometry channels from published studies. In some cases, the Nusselt numbers predicted by correlations are 50–60% higher than obtained from the current experiments.
Subspace-Based Discrete Transform Encoded Local Binary Patterns Representations for Robust Periocular Matching on NIST’s Face Recognition Grand Challenge (2014)

In this paper, we employ several subspace representations (principal component analysis, unsupervised discriminant projection, kernel class-dependence feature analysis, and kernel discriminant analysis) on our proposd discrete transform encoded local binary patterns (DT-LBP) to match periocular region on a large data set such as NIST's face recognition grand challenge (FRGC) ver2 database. We strictly follow FRGC Experiment 4 protocol, which involves 1-to-1 matching of 8014 uncontrolled probe periocular images to 16 028 controlled target periocular images (~128 million pairwise face match comparisons). The performance of the periocular region is compared with that of full face with different illumination preprocessing schemes. The verification results on periocular region show that subspace representation on DT-LBP outperforms LBP significantly and gains a giant leap from traditional subspace representation on raw pixel intensity. Additionally, our proposed approach using only the periocular region is almost as good as full face with only 2.5% reduction in verification rate at 0.1% false accept rate, yet we gain tolerance to expression, occlusion, and capability of matching partial faces in crowds. In addition, we have compared the best standalone DT-LBP descriptor with eight other state-of-the-art descriptors for facial recognition and achieved the best performance. The two general frameworks are our major contribution: 1) a general framework that employs various generative and discriminative subspace modeling techniques for DT-LBP representation and 2) a general framework that encodes discrete transforms with local binary patterns for the creation of robust descriptors.
Thermodynamic Brazing Alloy Design for Joining Silicon Carbide (1991)

Using solution thermodynamic theory, a Ni‐Cr Si alloy, based on the Ni/Cr ratio of AWS BNi‐5 (Ni‐18Cr‐19Si (atom%)), was designed for brazing SiC ceramics. The optimum thermodynamic composition was computed to be Ni‐14.3Cr‐36Si (atom%). Brazing experiments were conducted to assess the effect of changing the Si content away from this composition on the joint microstructures. For alloys containing less than 36 atom% Si, an excessively vigorous joining reaction occurred, resulting in the formation of a porous reaction zone at the brazing alloy/SiC interface, the amount of porosity decreasing as the brazing alloy composition approached the thermodynamically predicted optimum. It was found that the most likely mechanism for the formation of the porous zone was CO evolution during the SiC decomposition reaction. The best microstructures were attained for 40 atom% Si alloy joints, closely agreeing with the thermodynamic model, whereas higher Si content alloys exhibited localized debonding of the brazing alloy from the SiC.
(3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol, a Novel Neuroprotective Agent (2009)

Compounds that interact with microtubules, such as paclitaxel, have been shown to possess protective properties against beta-amyloid (Abeta) induced neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease. In this work, the novel agent (3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol was investigated for effectiveness in protecting neurons against several toxic stimuli and its interaction with the microtubule network. Exposure of neuronal cultures to Abeta peptide in the presence of 5 nM (3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol resulted in a 50% increase in survival. Neuronal cultures treated with other toxic stimuli such as staurosporine, thapsigargin, paraquat, and H(2)O(2) showed significantly enhanced survival in the presence of (3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol. Microtubule binding and tubulin assembly studies revealed differences compared to paclitaxel but confirmed the interaction of (3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol with microtubules. Furthermore, in vitro studies using bovine brain microvessel endothelial cells experiments suggest that (3R,5S,7as)-(3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-c]oxazol-7a-yl)methanol can readily cross the blood-brain barrier in a passive manner.
Self-assembled 3D flower-like Ni2+–Fe3+layered double hydroxides and their calcined products (2009)

This paper describes a facile solvothermal method to synthesize self-assembled three-dimensional (3D) Ni2+-Fe3+ layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Flower-like Ni2+-Fe3+ LDHs constructed of thin nanopetals were obtained using ethylene glycol (EG) as a chelating reagent and urea as a hydrolysis agent. The reaction mechanism and self-assembly process are discussed. After calcinating the as-prepared LDHs at 450 degrees C in nitrogen gas, porous NiO/NiFe2O4 nanosheets were obtained. This work resulted in the development of a simple, cheap, and effective route for the fabrication of large area Ni2+-Fe3+ LDHs as well as porous NiO/NiFe2O4 nanosheets.
Differential Regulation of Messenger Ribonucleic Acids for Specific Subunits of Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate (cAMP)-Dependent Protein Kinase by cAMP in Rat Sertoli Cells* (1988)

In the present study we have examined the effects of FSH, forskolin, and (Bu)2cAMP on messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for all known subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in rat Sertoli cells, using newly developed complementary DNA (cDNA) probes. mRNAs for the three regulatory subunits [RI alpha, RII51, (RII beta), and RII54 (RII alpha)] and the catalytic subunit C alpha were shown to be present in cultured rat Sertoli cells, whereas mRNAs for the subunits designated RI beta and C beta were below the level of detection. A high-levelled, concentration-dependent increase in a 3.2 kilobase mRNA for RII51 was observed when cultured immature Sertoli cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of (Bu)2cAMP (10(-6) to 5 X 10(-3) M) for 16 h. Densitometric scanning indicated a maximal stimulation by (Bu)2cAMP of 30- to 40-fold. Incubation with forskolin (100 microM) and FSH (200 ng/ml) gave rise to a smaller but significant increase in mRNA for RII51. When cultured Sertoli cells were incubated in the presence of 10(-4) M (Bu)2cAMP for varying time periods, there was a biphasic regulation of mRNA for RII51. (Bu)2cAMP caused an initial increase in mRNA for RII51 with maximal levels obtained after 10-16 h, after which a time-dependent decrease was observed. For the other three subunits present in Sertoli cells (RI alpha, RII54, and C alpha) a smaller but significant stimulation by (Bu)2cAMP and forskolin (2-4 fold) was seen. The functional implications of these changes in mRNA levels for the different subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase have not yet been revealed. However, our data clearly demonstrate differential regulation of the various subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in Sertoli cells. Furthermore, these results document the presence of distinct adaptational changes taking place at the level of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in response to long term elevation of cAMP.
Natural rodent model of viral transmission reveals biological features of virus population dynamics (2021)

Emerging viruses threaten global health, but few experimental models can characterize the virus and host factors necessary for within- and cross-species transmission. Here, we leverage a model whereby pet store mice or rats-which harbor natural rodent pathogens-are cohoused with laboratory mice. This "dirty" mouse model offers a platform for studying acute transmission of viruses between and within hosts via natural mechanisms. We identified numerous viruses and other microbial species that transmit to cohoused mice, including prospective new members of the Coronaviridae, Astroviridae, Picornaviridae, and Narnaviridae families, and uncovered pathogen interactions that promote or prevent virus transmission. We also evaluated transmission dynamics of murine astroviruses during transmission and spread within a new host. Finally, by cohousing our laboratory mice with the bedding of pet store rats, we identified cross-species transmission of a rat astrovirus. Overall, this model system allows for the analysis of transmission of natural rodent viruses and is a platform to further characterize barriers to zoonosis.
ALIAS: analog circuits abstraction for digital systems verification (2015)

A crescente demanda por eficiencia em area, consumo de energia e desempenho na industria de circuitos integrados (CI) alinhada a crescente integracao em CIs modernos, esta tornando a tarefa de verificacao cada vez mais complexa e demorada, consumindo ate 70% do tempo de desenvolvimento de um CI. Dado que em niveis mais altos de abstracao a velocidade de verificacao e maior, tal esforco tende a se concentrar nos estagios digitais do fluxo de projeto, onde a maioria das falhas de um IC podem ser encontradas. Contudo, ao se verificar CIs em niveis digitais, componentes analogicos importantes sao geralmente ignorados ou vagamente descritos de maneira discreta, comprometendo, assim, a qualidade do processo de validacao. Quando tais componentes analogicos sao incluidos na analise, eles sao integrados no processo de verificacao atraves de ambientes hibridos, os quais sao lentos e ineficientes. Sendo assim, dadas as restricoes de tempo usuais de um projeto de CI, a validacao usando tal abordagem hibrida tende a cobrir menos estados do circuito que uma simulacao puramente digital. Dessa forma, visando manter o comportamento de circuitos analogicos no ambiente de verificacao, porem, sem o custo de uma verificacao hibrida, nos apresentamos uma nova ferramenta, denominada ALIAS (analog logical-intent abstraction synthesizer), bem como uma nova metodologia para a criacao de abstracoes puramente digitais de circuitos analogicos. Para criar tais abstracoes, a metologia apresentada descreve uma serie de passos, desde a aquisicao de dados e seu processamento ate a geracao do modelo digital final. Para isso, abordagens ja existentes se valem do uso intensivo de metodos matematicos e simulacoes analogicas. Dado que circuitos analogicos a serem integrados em CIs sao geralmente verificados de maneira extensiva por profissionais em circuitos analogicos, nos propomos a reutilizacao de dados provenientes de tais processos. Alem de delinear o comportamento de um circuito analogico atraves de uma perspectiva digital, o ALIAS permite a geracao de abstracoes com a menor quantidade de intervencao possivel por parte do usuario. Como resultado, utilizando varios circuitos analogicos comuns, abstracoes sintetizadas com ALIAS demonstraram um ganho consideravel em desempenho, bem como um alto nivel de precisao. Mais do que isso, as abstracoes criadas com ALIAS escalaram de maneira linear com o crescimento do tamanho da simulacao, enquanto simulacoes analogicas exibiram uma explosao exponencial no tempo de execucao.
Optical rogue waves in telecommunication data streams (2011)

Large broadening of short optical pulses due to fiber dispersion leads to a strong overlap in information data streams resulting in statistical deviations of the local power from its average. We present a theoretical analysis of rare events of high-intensity fluctuations---optical freak waves---that occur in fiber communication links using bit-overlapping transmission. Although the nature of the large fluctuations examined here is completely linear, as compared to commonly studied freak waves generated by nonlinear effects, the considered deviations inherit from rogue waves the key features of practical interest---random appearance of localized high-intensity pulses. We use the term ``rogue wave'' in an unusual context mostly to attract attention to both the possibility of purely linear statistical generation of huge amplitude waves and to the fact that in optics the occurrence of such pulses might be observable even with the standard Gaussian or even rarer-than-Gaussian statistics, without imposing the condition of an increased probability of extreme value events.
Sorption Behavior of Compressed CO2 and CH4 on Ultrathin Hybrid Poly(POSS-imide) Layers (2015)

Sorption of compressed gases into thin polymeric films is essential for applications including gas sensors and membrane based gas separation. For glassy polymers, the sorption behavior is dependent on the nonequilibrium status of the polymer. The uptake of molecules by a polymer is generally accompanied by dilation, or swelling, of the polymer material. In turn, this dilation can result in penetrant induced plasticization and physical aging that affect the nonequilibrium status of the polymer. Here, we investigate the dilation and sorption behavior of ultrathin membrane layers of a hybrid inorganic-organic network material that consists of alternating polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and imide groups, upon exposure to compressed carbon dioxide and methane. The imide precursor contains fluoroalkene groups that provide affinity toward carbon dioxide, while the octa-functionalized silsesquioxane provides a high degree of cross-linking. This combination allows for extremely high sorption capacities, while structural rearrangements of the network are hindered. We study the simultaneous uptake of gases and dilation of the thin films at high pressures using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. Ellipsometry provides the changes in both the refractive index and the film thickness, and allows for accurate quantification of sorption and swelling. In contrast, gravimetric and volumetric measurements only provide a single parameter; this does not allow an accurate correction for, for instance, the changes in buoyancy because of the extensive geometrical changes of highly swelling films. The sorption behavior of the ultrathin hybrid layers depends on the fluoroalkene group content. At low pressure, the apparent molar volume of the gases is low compared to the liquid molar volume of carbon dioxide and methane, respectively. At high gas concentrations in the polymer film, the apparent molar volume of carbon dioxide and methane exceeds that of the liquid molar volume, and approaches that of the gas phase. The high sorption capacity and reversible dilation characteristics of the presented materials provide new directions for applications including gas sensors and gas separation membranes.