gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Faceted Analysis of Airborne Noise Impact in the Port of Split (II) (2023)

Given the increasing number of citizen complaints about port noise and the lack of relevant studies assessing resident exposure, the effects of port noise are gaining increasing public attention. It is especially significant in ports near residential areas, where excessive noise emissions can seriously impact the urban environment. This paper aimed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of the population living near the cargo terminals in the Port of Split regarding the impact of port noise in the urban area, focusing on their health and standards of living. The research methodology included a questionnaire distributed in the areas where the residents are most affected by noise. In addition to conventional descriptive survey analysis, the authors used regression analysis and two-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test as a parametric data analysis tool. The survey results showed the harmful effects of port noise on most set parameters, and perceived noise intensity for three different times of the day caused a high level of concern for the urban environment. In addition, the regression analysis results showed a weak and reverse dependency between the distance of the selected residences from the noise sources and the perceived noise intensity. These findings support the validity of the respondents’ perceptions and the credibility of the obtained results. The application of parametric data analysis revealed a lack of formal knowledge of residents about the effects of noise and a strong differentiation between groups based on the variables that determine the level of education of residents and their assessments of the noise intensity of the cargo terminal. However, the subjective impressions and the psycho-physical and emotional states of the residents need also to be included in the validation of the results. The obtained results will facilitate the adoption of noise management policies and implementation of noise abatement programs in the Port of Split.
Dual Band Infrared Continuous Zoom Lenses (2010)

Three design solutions for dual band continuous zoom lenses for dual band MWIR/LWIR detectors. The designs maximize zoom range and performance while minimizing lens count. Dual f/number capability is utilized to increase the zoom range.
A perspective: the role of identifiers in managing and protecting intellectual property in the digital age (1999)

There is an essential need for the owners of intellectual property rights to be able to identify uniquely the creative components which make up digitized multimedia content. The relationship between these identifiers and the "well-formed" metadata which describe them is critical to the successful management of rights in an electronic trading environment. By persistently associating creation identifiers with digital content, rights holders will effectively be able to licence, monitor, and track the usage of rights across digital networks. Within the evolution of the MPEG-4 standard, representatives of rights holders from across the creative industries worked with technologists to devise an effective solution for managing creation identifiers and their associated metadata within MPEG-4 objects. This was achieved in such a manner that the identifiers will continue to be associated with content that is manipulated and edited. In addition, through the valuable contribution of leading watermarking and encryption specialists, the MPEG-4 standard will contain an interface for applying intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) systems. These IPMP systems can be applied to MPEG-4 software and hardware devices that manage the delivery of copyright content to prevent unauthorized copying, the removal of identifiers, and therefore control and restrict fraudulent use. This paper describes and documents these issues which rights holders have worked collectively to address within the evolving MPEG-4 standard.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐Silica PAMAM Dendrimer as a Novel Catalyst for Knoevenagel Reactions. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Channel allocation, power budget and bit error rate in hierarchical optical ring interconnection network (HORN) (2002)

Recent advances in computer processing speeds have resulted in a parallel processing environment in which the interconnection networks (INs) themselves are the limiting factor in terms of performance. Larger and faster INs can be implemented optically subject to the current limitation in the number of wavelengths imposed by optical switch and filter technology if the INs are arranged hierarchically, i.e. if the processing nodes are arranged in clusters and these clusters are connected together special routing nodes at one or more higher levels. HORN uses optically connected rings as the basic building blocks and connects these rings using an optical tree. Three key issues facing HORN are addressed in this paper: dynamic channel allocation (DCA), optical power budget (OPE) and bit error rate (BER). Four approaches to DCA are evaluated and a design trade-off is performed between them. The first two are taken from the literature while the last two are proposed here and exploit the multiple paths available in a hierarchical network. The evaluation of OPE and BER shows that HORN is feasible and practical when optical amplification is used at the initial signal insertion point for transmissions at higher levels in the hierarchy.
Filtered dispatch (2008)

Predicate dispatching is a generalized form of dynamic dispatch, which has strong limitations when arbitrary predicates of the underlying base language are used. Unlike classes, which enforce subset relationships between their sets of instances, arbitrary predicates generally do not designate subsets of each other, so methods whose applicability is based on predicates cannot be ordered according to their specificity in the general case. This paper introduces a decidable but expressive alternative mechanism called filtered dispatch that adds a simple preprocessing step before the actual method dispatch is performed and thus enables the use of arbitrary predicates for selecting and applying methods.
Enhanced Anti-Rotavirus Action of Human Cystatin C by Site-Specific Glycosylation in Yeast (2004)

The cDNA encoding human cystatin C (HCC) was subjected to site-specific substitution of alanine for serine at the position 37, to obtain the Asn(35)-Lys(36)-Ser(37) sequence that is a signal for asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycosylation of protein in eukaryotes, and was transformed into Pichia pastoris X33. As a result, 1.2 mg/L oligomannosyl HCC with a carbohydrate chain of Man(10)GlcNAc(2) was produced by the Pichia transformant. The oligomannosyl HCC was more stable at the low ionic strength condition of 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, than the wild-type. In addition, the oligomannosylation substantially improved the molecular stability of cystatin against an aspartic proteinase, cathepsin D, in which the susceptibility decreased to less than 50% of nonglycosylated one. The anti-rotavirus activity of HCC was substantially enhanced by the site-directed glycosylation using the yeast expression system. A MA-104 cell line was used as a host cell for human rotavirus type-2 Wa strain in this study, to which both the wild-type and oligomannosyl HCCs did not show cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100 mug/mL. More than 80% viability of the host cell infected with 1.0 x 10(5) PFU/mL of rotavirus was conserved under the condition coexisting with 75 mug/mL of the oligomannosyl HCC, which was 15.2% higher than that of wild-type HCC. Thus, the in vitro anti-rotavirus assay indicated that the supplement of a proper amount of the oligomannosyl HCC could be used as an anti-rotavirus agent.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Low PIP4K2B Expression in Human Breast Tumors Correlates with Reduced Patient Survival: A Role for PIP4K2B in the Regulation of E-Cadherin Expression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 89K, A. Gene expression profiles of widely used breast tumour cell lines were extracted from three different data sets, normalised and clustered into the designated molecular subtypes. The expression of PIP4K2A, 2B and 2C are graphically shown below. B. Box plots representing the expression of PIP4K2B in the three molecular subtypes determine by cluster analysis. C. Expression of PIP4K2B in normal cells (MCF10A) and luminal cells (MCF7) and ERBB2 positive cells (ZR-75).&lt;/p&gt;
Sustaining Sleep Spindles through Enhanced SK2-Channel Activity Consolidates Sleep and Elevates Arousal Threshold (2012)

Sleep spindles are synchronized 11-15 Hz electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations predominant during nonrapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS). Rhythmic bursting in the reticular thalamic nucleus (nRt), arising from interplay between Ca(v)3.3-type Ca(2+) channels and Ca(2+)-dependent small-conductance-type 2 (SK2) K(+) channels, underlies spindle generation. Correlative evidence indicates that spindles contribute to memory consolidation and protection against environmental noise in human NREMS. Here, we describe a molecular mechanism through which spindle power is selectively extended and we probed the actions of intensified spindling in the naturally sleeping mouse. Using electrophysiological recordings in acute brain slices from SK2 channel-overexpressing (SK2-OE) mice, we found that nRt bursting was potentiated and thalamic circuit oscillations were prolonged. Moreover, nRt cells showed greater resilience to transit from burst to tonic discharge in response to gradual depolarization, mimicking transitions out of NREMS. Compared with wild-type littermates, chronic EEG recordings of SK2-OE mice contained less fragmented NREMS, while the NREMS EEG power spectrum was conserved. Furthermore, EEG spindle activity was prolonged at NREMS exit. Finally, when exposed to white noise, SK2-OE mice needed stronger stimuli to arouse. Increased nRt bursting thus strengthens spindles and improves sleep quality through mechanisms independent of EEG slow waves (<4 Hz), suggesting SK2 signaling as a new potential therapeutic target for sleep disorders and for neuropsychiatric diseases accompanied by weakened sleep spindles.
Surface Modification of CaCO<sub>3</sub> Micro/Nanofillers by Pimelic Acid: Consequences on Crystallization Behaviors of Polypropylene Composites (2014)

In present study, two kinds of CaCO 3 with micro-sized and nanometer-sized particles were treated by pimelic acid (PA) with different proportion. Then the treated particles (the total content of micro-sized and nanometer-sized CaCO 3 particles was 10 wt%) were mixed with polypropylene (PP) to prepare CaCO 3 /PP composites by melting blending. The crystallization behavior and morphology of composites were studied by wide-angle-X-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized microscope (PLM), respectively. Compared with PP and other samples, the content of β-crystal in the composite NCP2 where the ratio of nanoand micro particles was 2:8 (NCP2), reached the highest values. The growth speed of crystals in PP matrix was much quicker, leading to the larger spherulites than the NCP2 and NCP8. The time of complete nucleation for NCP8 was lower than PP, but higher than NCP2.
Metabolism of the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in pigs (2014)

Plants can metabolize the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) by forming the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-β-d-glucoside (D3G). D3G might be cleaved during digestion, thus increasing the total DON burden of an individual. Due to a lack of in vivo data, D3G has not been included in the various regulatory limits established for DON so far. The aim of our study was to contribute to the risk assessment of D3G by determination of its metabolism in pigs. Four piglets received water, D3G (116 μg/kg b.w.) and the equimolar amount of DON (75 μg/kg b.w.) by gavage on day 1, 5 and 9 of the experiment, respectively. Additionally, 15.5 μg D3G/kg b.w. were administered intravenously on day 13. Urine and feces were collected for 24 h and analyzed for DON, D3G, deoxynivalenol-3-glucuronide (DON-3-GlcA), deoxynivalenol-15-GlcA (DON-15-GlcA) and deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) by UHPLC–MS/MS. After oral application of DON and D3G, in total 84.8 ± 9.7% and 40.3 ± 8.5% of the given dose were detected in urine, respectively. The majority of orally administered D3G was excreted in form of DON, DON-15-GlcA, DOM-1 and DON-3-GlcA, while urinary D3G accounted for only 2.6 ± 1.4%. In feces, just trace amounts of metabolites were found. Intravenously administered D3G was almost exclusively excreted in unmetabolized form via urine. Data indicate that D3G is nearly completely hydrolyzed in the intestinal tract of pigs, while the toxin seems to be rather stable after systemic absorption. Compared to DON, the oral bioavailability of D3G and its metabolites seems to be reduced by a factor of up to 2, approximately.
Monocyte Trafficking, Engraftment, and Delivery of Nanoparticles and an Exogenous Gene into the Acutely Inflamed Brain Tissue – Evaluations on Monocyte-Based Delivery System for the Central Nervous System (2016)

The ability of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) to travel towards chemotactic gradient, traverse tissue barriers, and accumulate precisely at diseased sites makes them attractive candidates as drug carriers and therapeutic gene delivery vehicles targeting the brain, where treatments are often hampered by the blockade of the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study was designed to fully establish an optimized cell-based delivery system using monocytes and MDM, by evaluating their homing efficiency, engraftment potential, as well as carriage and delivery ability to transport nano-scaled particles and exogenous genes into the brain, following the non-invasive intravenous (IV) cell adoptive transfer in an acute neuroinflammation mouse model induced by intracranial injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides. We demonstrated that freshly isolated monocytes had superior inflamed-brain homing ability over MDM cultured in the presence of macrophage colony stimulating factor. In addition, brain trafficking of IV infused monocytes was positively correlated with the number of adoptive transferred cells, and could be further enhanced by transient disruption of the BBB with IV administration of Mannitol, Bradykinin or Serotonin right before cell infusion. A small portion of transmigrated cells was detected to differentiate into IBA-1 positive cells with microglia morphology in the brain. Finally, with the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles SHP30, the ability of nanoscale agent-carriage monocytes to enter the inflamed brain region was validated. In addition, lentiviral vector DHIV-101 was used to introduce green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into monocytes, and the exogenous GFP gene was detected in the brain at 48 hours following IV infusion of the transduced monocytes. All together, our study has set up the optimized conditions for the more-in-depth tests and development of monocyte-mediated delivery, and our data supported the notion to use monocytes as a non-invasive cell-based delivery system for the brain.
Analog gradient beamformer for a wireless ultrasound scanner (2016)

This paper presents a novel beamformer architecture for a low-cost receiver front-end, and investigates if the image quality can be maintained. The system is oriented to the development of a hand-held wireless ultrasound probe based on Synthetic Aperture Sequential Beamforming, and has the advantage of effectively reducing circuit complexity and power dissipation. The array of transducers is divided into sub-apertures, in which the signals from the single channels are aligned through a network of cascaded gradient delays, and summed in the analog domain before A/D conversion. The delay values are quantized to simplify the shifting unit, and a single A/D converter is needed for each sub-aperture yielding a compact, low-power architecture that can be integrated in a single chip. A simulation study was performed using a 3:75MHz convex array, and the point spread function (PSF) for different configurations was evaluated in terms of lateral full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) and &minus;20 dB cystic resolution (CR). Several setups were simulated varying the sub-aperture size <i>N</i> and the quantization step, and design constraints were obtained comparing the PSF to that of an ideal non-quantized system. The PSF is shown for <i>N</i> = 32 with a quantization step of 12 ns. For this configuration, the FWHM is degraded by 0.25% and the CR is 8.70% lower compared to the ideal situation. The results demonstrate that the gradient beamformer provides an adequate image quality, and open the way to a fully-integrated chip for a compact, low-cost, wireless ultrasound probe.
Configurational bias Monte Carlo: a new sampling scheme for flexible chains (1992)

We propose a novel approach that allows efficient numerical simulation of systems consisting of flexible chain molecules. The method is especially suitable for the numerical simulation of dense chain systems and monolayers. A new type of Monte Carlo move is introduced that makes it possible to carry out large scale conformational changes of the chain molecule in a single trial move. Our scheme is based on the selfavoiding random walk algorithm of Rosenbluth and Rosenbluth. As an illustration, we compare the results of a calculation of mean-square end to end lengths for single chains on a two-dimensional square lattice with corresponding data gained from other simulations.
Using summarization for automatic briefing generation (2000)

We describe a system which automatically generates multimedia briefings from high-level outlines. The system uses summarization in content selection and creation, and in helping form a coherent narrative for the briefing. The approach does not require a domain knowledge base.
Archive report for most USGS seismic refraction investigations conducted between 1978 and 1991 (2000)

In 1978, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began acquiring seismic refraction data throughout the U.S. and Saudi Arabia. Numerous professional papers have been published in the literature and the technical details and goals for most of these surveys have been described in USGS Open-file reports (Table 1). This report describes the archiving of the data.
One-Stop-Shop Whole-Body 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI Compared with Clinical Nomograms for Preoperative T and N Staging of High-Risk Prostate Cancer (2018)

Our aim was to assess the diagnostic potential of 1-stop-shop prostate-specific membrane antigen ligand (<sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11) PET/MRI compared with preoperative staging nomograms in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 102 patients underwent <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI before intended radical prostatectomy with lymph node dissection. Preoperative variables determined the probabilities for lymph node metastases (LNM), extracapsular extension (ECE), and seminal vesical involvement (SVI) using the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram and Partin tables. Receiver-operating-characteristic analyses were performed to determine best discriminatory cutoffs. On a cohort basis, positivity rates of imaging and nomograms were compared with pathologic prevalence. On a patient basis, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curves were calculated. Finally, the full concordance of each method to postoperative T and N stage was determined. <b>Results:</b> Seventy-three patients were finally analyzed. On a cohort basis, the MSKCC nomogram (39.7%) positivity rate was most concordant with pathologic prevalence for LNM (34.3%) compared with Partin tables (14.1%) and imaging (20.6%). Prevalence of ECE (72.6%) was best predicted by MSKCC nomograms and imaging (83.6% each), compared with Partin tables (38.4%). For prevalence of SVI (45.2%), imaging (47.9%) performed superior to MSKCC (37.6%) and Partin tables (19.3%). On a patient basis, AUCs for LNM, ECE, and SVI did not differ significantly between tests (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Imaging revealed a high specificity (100%) for LNM and a sensitivity (60%) comparable to the MSKCC nomogram (68%) and Partin tables (60%). For ECE, imaging revealed the highest sensitivity (94.3%) compared with the MSKCC nomogram (66%) and Partin tables (71.1%). For SVI, sensitivity and specificity of imaging and the MSKCC nomogram were comparable (81.5% and 80% vs. 87.9% and 75%). The rate of concordance to the final pTN stage was 60.3% for imaging, 52.1% for the MSKCC nomogram, and 39.7% for Partin tables. <b>Conclusion:</b> In our analysis, preoperative 1-stop-shop <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI performs at least equally for T and N stage prediction compared with nomograms in high-risk prostate cancer patients. Despite an improved prediction of the full final stage and the yield of additional anatomic information, the use of <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI warrants further prospective evaluation.
Increase of Soluble Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C (2017)

<b>Objectives:</b> To determine whether the soluble programmed cell death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are associated with the clinical features of the disease and the efficacy of treatment, including interferon (IFN)-α. <b>Methods:</b> We investigated the sPD-L1 levels in the sera of 80 genotype 1b Japanese patients with CHC who underwent 12 weeks of telaprevir (TVR)- or simeprevir (SMV)-based triple therapy followed by 12 weeks of dual therapy with pegylated IFN-α plus ribavirin. Serum was also obtained from 22 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and from 10 healthy donors (HC). The sPD-L1 levels were measured using an ELISA kit. In addition, we examined the PD-L1 expression on the cell surface of immortalized hepatocytes (HPT1) after incubation with cytokines, including IFN-γ. <b>Results:</b> The pretreatment serum sPD-L1 levels were significantly increased in patients with CHC (median 109.3 pg/ml, range 23.1-402.3) compared with patients with CHB (69.2 pg/ml, 15.5-144.8; <i>P</i> <0.001) and HC (100.3 pg/ml, 40.1-166.6; <i>P</i> = 0.039). No significant differences in the sustained virological response (SVR) rates were found between the TVR- (85.0%, n=40) and SMV-treated (80.0%, n=40) groups, and the pretreatment levels of serum sPD-L1 were not significantly different between patients who achieved SVR (105.0 pg/ml, 23.1-402.3) and non-SVR patients (133.5 pg/ml, 39.9-187.2; <i>P</i> = 0.391). The pretreatment level of sPD-L1 was positively correlated with the alanine aminotransferase and alpha-fetoprotein levels (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.082, <i>P</i> = 0.016, and R<sup>2</sup> = 0.149, <i>P</i> = 0.002, respectively). Although immortalized hepatocytes do not express PD-L1, we confirmed that PD-L1 expression was induced after stimulation with IFN-γ. <b>Conclusions:</b> In this study, we first found that sPD-L1 was increased in patients with CHC. Our results indicate that the level of serum sPD-L1 might be associated with the progression of CHC and the generation of hepatocellular carcinoma.