gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of transport and water retention properties of damaged Callovo-Oxfordian claystone (2016)

Abstract In the context of the underground storage of radioactive waste, the aim of this experimental study is to characterize the effect of damage on transport and water retention properties of Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillite. The originality of the study is to simultaneously investigate the pore-size distribution, water retention, the dry, effective and relative gas permeability, and the gas breakthrough pressure (GBP) of damaged COx argillite. These different properties are all relevant to characterizing the fluid transport ability of COx argillite. Results show that the damage has a significant impact on the properties of the COx argillite. It induces a decrease in its water retention capacity and GBP, and it increases its gas permeability and apparent porosity available to water owing to the creation of micro-cracks. Another objective is to show which of these properties is the most suitable to detect early damage states in COx argillite, with a potential use being to identify them in situ . GBP appears to be the best ‘detector’ of damage because of its sensitivity to damage even under high confinement pressures. Gas permeability could be a good indicator of damage, as it increases significantly (one or several orders of magnitude) after the damage. Finally, the water permeability curve is a poor indicator of COx argillite damage.
Experimental thrombosis on a collagen coated arterioarterial shunt in rats: a pharmacological model to study antithrombotic agents inhibiting thrombin formation and platelet deposition. (1993)

A rat thrombosis model was developed to assess the efficacity of antithrombotic drugs. It had the following characteristics: controlled hemodynamic and rheological conditions corresponding to arterial flow, a collagen coated surface as a relevant thrombogenic stimulus, a method of measurement allowing dynamic monitoring of thrombus formation and the possibility to assess the thrombus structure. A shunt composed of polyethylene and silicone catheters, including in the middle of the shunt a collagen coated glass capillary, was inserted between the two primitive carotids of the rat. The duration of patency of the shunt was recorded using a thermic probe fixed on its central part. In this model, the patency of the shunt was 539 +/- 55 s. Platelet and fibrinogen-fibrin accumulation in successive one centimeter segments along the shunt were measured using 111In labeled platelets and 125I labeled fibrinogen. Platelet accumulation occurred on the collagen coated surface and at the junctions between the different components of the shunt, where flow was disturbed. The effects of four antithrombotic agents were measured: aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin and r-hirudin. Clopidogrel, heparin and hirudin significantly prolonged patency duration of the shunt, whereas aspirin was inactive. Aspirin did not reduce platelet or fibrinogen-fibrin accumulation on the collagen coated surface. Platelet accumulation on the collagen surface was significantly lower in the clopidogrel group (50 mg/kg) than in the group treated with heparin (500 U/kg), demonstrating the direct antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. Hirudin at doses giving similar values of APTT as heparin (500 U/kg) prolonged the occlusion time to over 2 h while the heparin occlusion time was only 20 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Multicentric plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease with cutaneous involvement (2004)

Cutaneous involvement in CD is part of the multicentric nature and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a polyclonal plasma cell-rich lymphoproliferative disorder associated with paraneoplastic autoimmune disease.
Two-dimensional electron systems in perovskite oxide heterostructures: Role of the polarity-induced substitutional defects (2020)

The discovery of a two-dimensional electron system (2DES) at the interfaces of perovskite oxides such as $\mathrm{LaAl}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and $\mathrm{SrTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has motivated enormous efforts in engineering interfacial functionalities with this type of oxide heterostructures. However, the fundamental origins of the 2DES are still not understood, e.g., the microscopic mechanisms of coexisting interface conductivity and magnetism. Here we report a comprehensive spectroscopic investigation on the depth profile of 2DES-relevant $\mathrm{Ti}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}3d$ interface carriers using depth- and element-specific techniques like standing-wave excited photoemission and resonant inelastic scattering. We found that one type of Ti $3d$ interface carriers, which give rise to the 2DES are located within three unit cells from the n-type interface in the $\mathrm{SrTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ layer. Unexpectedly, another type of interface carriers, which are polarity-induced Ti-on-Al antisite defects, reside in the first three unit cells of the opposing $\mathrm{LaAl}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ layer (\ensuremath{\sim}10 \AA{}). Our findings provide a microscopic picture of how the localized and mobile Ti $3d$ interface carriers distribute across the interface and suggest that the 2DES and 2D magnetism at the $\mathrm{LaAl}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}/\mathrm{SrTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ interface have disparate explanations as originating from different types of interface carriers.
Gene Structure and M20T Polymorphism of theSchistosoma mansoni Sm14 Fatty Acid-binding Protein (2003)

The Schistosoma mansoni Sm14 antigen belongs to the fatty acid-binding protein family and is considered a vaccine candidate against at least two parasite worms, Fasciola hepatica and S. mansoni. Here the genomic sequence and the polymorphism of Sm14 have been characterized for the first time. We found that the conserved methionine at position 20 is polymorphic, being exchangeable with threonine (M20T). To evaluate the function of the amino acid residue at this position, we have also constructed the mutant Sm14-A20 besides the two native isoforms (Sm14-M20 and Sm14-T20). The three purified recombinant His(6)-tagged Sm14 proteins (rSm14-M20, rSm14-T20, and rSm14-A20) present a predominant beta-barrel structure as shown by CD spectroscopy. Thermal and urea unfolding studies evidenced a higher structural stability of rSm14-M20 over the other forms (rSm14-M20>rSm14-T20>rSm14-A20). All of the Sm14 proteins were able to bind 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid (DAUDA) without substantial difference in the binding affinity. However, rSm14-M20 exhibited a higher affinity for natural fatty acids than the rSm14-T20 and rSm14-A20 proteins as judged by competitive experiments against DAUDA (rSm14-M20>rSm14-T20>rSm14-A20). The rSm14-M20 or rSm14-T20 isoforms but not the rSm14-A20 mutant was able to induce significant protection against S. mansoni cercariae challenge in immunized mice. The level of protection efficacy correlates with the extent of structure stability of the recombinant Sm14 isoforms and mutant.
Nanopatterns of polymer brushes for understanding protein adsorption on the nanoscale (2014)

Nanopatterns of polymer brushes enable us to directly image protein adsorption/desorption processes on the polymer brushes by atomic force microscopy (AFM).
[Value of the surgical approach through the patellar tendon for intramedullary nailing of the tibia and the femur]. (1997)

The goal of this study was to propose a new approach of the upper tibia for intramedullary nailing. Since two years, the authors performed a transversal skin incision superior to the distal end of the patella. The patellar tendon is dissociated and the tibia is perforated through the anterior intercondylar area. The advantages of this approach versus classical techniques are discussed. This approach allows isolated tibial or femoral nailing but also both nailings during the same procedure.
Hordatines and Associated Precursors Dominate Metabolite Profiles of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings: A Metabolomics Study of Five Cultivars (2022)

In the process of enhancing crop potential, metabolomics offers a unique opportunity to biochemically describe plant metabolism and to elucidate metabolite profiles that govern specific phenotypic characteristics. In this study we report an untargeted metabolomic profiling of shoots and roots of barley seedlings performed to reveal the chemical makeup therein at an early growth stage. The study was conducted on five cultivars of barley: 'Overture', 'Cristalia', 'Deveron', 'LE7' and 'Genie'. Seedlings were grown for 16 days post germination under identical controlled conditions, and methanolic extracts were analysed on an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) system. In addition, an unsupervised pattern identification technique, principal component analysis (PCA), was performed to process the generated multidimensional data. Following annotation of specific metabolites, several classes were revealed, among which phenolic acids represented the largest group in extracts from both shoot and root tissues. Interestingly, hordatines, barley-specific metabolites, were not found in the root tissue. In addition, metabolomic profiling revealed metabolites potentially associated with the plants' natural protection system against potential pathogens. The study sheds light on the chemical composition of barley at a young developmental stage and the information gathered could be useful in plant research and biomarker-based breeding programs.
Novel Average Value Model for Faulty Three-Phase Diode Rectifier Bridges (2019)

International audience
Atrial Fibrillation detection by a subcutaneous monitoring device (2008)

The Reveal XT subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor detects Atrial Fibrillation (AF) from the irregularity of the ventricular rhythm. This study is a first assessment of the AF detection performance using subcutaneous signals from implanted devices. Patients implanted with a Reveal XT device were monitored by a dedicated Holter system, recording the surface ECG and uplinked device data. Device detections of AF were reconstructed from the uplinked data and classified as either true positive, false positive and false negative using the surface ECG for reference. In a total of 82 Holter recordings from 60 patients, the mean AF episode detection sensitivity was 90.6% and 98.1% for AF episodes ≥ 2 minutes and ≥ 4 minutes, respectively. The mean episode PPV was 55.1%. False positive detections were clustered within a few patients with irregular rhythms that were not annotated as AF.
A computer-aided environment for generating multiple-choice test items (2006)

This paper describes a novel computer-aided procedure for generating multiple-choice test items from electronic documents. In addition to employing various Natural Language Processing techniques, including shallow parsing, automatic term extraction, sentence transformation and computing of semantic distance, the system makes use of language resources such as corpora and ontologies. It identifies important concepts in the text and generates questions about these concepts as well as multiple-choice distractors, offering the user the option to post-edit the test items by means of a user-friendly interface. In assisting test developers to produce items in a fast and expedient manner without compromising quality, the tool saves both time and production costs.
Quantitative assessment of biological impact using transcriptomic data and mechanistic network models (2013)

Exposure to biologically active substances such as therapeutic drugs or environmental toxicants can impact biological systems at various levels, affecting individual molecules, signaling pathways, and overall cellular processes. The ability to derive mechanistic insights from the resulting system responses requires the integration of experimental measures with a priori knowledge about the system and the interacting molecules therein. We developed a novel systems biology-based methodology that leverages mechanistic network models and transcriptomic data to quantitatively assess the biological impact of exposures to active substances. Hierarchically organized network models were first constructed to provide a coherent framework for investigating the impact of exposures at the molecular, pathway and process levels. We then validated our methodology using novel and previously published experiments. For both in vitro systems with simple exposure and in vivo systems with complex exposures, our methodology was able to recapitulate known biological responses matching expected or measured phenotypes. In addition, the quantitative results were in agreement with experimental endpoint data for many of the mechanistic effects that were assessed, providing further objective confirmation of the approach. We conclude that our methodology evaluates the biological impact of exposures in an objective, systematic, and quantifiable manner, enabling the computation of a systems-wide and pan-mechanistic biological impact measure for a given active substance or mixture. Our results suggest that various fields of human disease research, from drug development to consumer product testing and environmental impact analysis, could benefit from using this methodology.
Shear strength of joints made of lead-free solders (2011)

This paper presents results of mechanical testing of soldered joints made of widely used lead free solder and most popular lead containing one. Measured parameter is shear strength. Tested solders were lead-free Sn-3,8Ag-0,7Cu and lead containing Sn-37Pb. With those solders set of SMD resistors was mounted on pads made of copper and copper electrolytic covered with nickel layer. As mechanical ruggedness of soldered joint strongly depends on presence of intermetallics compounds samples were treated to heat 150 °C 250 and 500 hours and shear strength was measured subsequently and values were compared to ones non thermal aged. Thickness of intermetallics compounds and its influence to shear strength was investigated.
Construction and Implementation of Web Knowledge Tree (2012)

The structural features of web documents have been analyzed and the structure of web knowledge tree which has fast and efficient features has been designed in this paper.Based on the structure of knowledge tree,some relevant algorithms are proposed,such as knowledge tree construction algorithm,creating knowledge tree node algorithm and visiting knowledge tree algorithm.The analysis and evaluation of these algorithms have showed that they are useful for improving the web information retrieval accuracy and speed.
An adaptive interpolation scheme for inter-layer prediction (2008)

In scalable video coding, inter-layer prediction is used to eliminate the redundancies among layers. Joint Scalable Video Model (JSVM) uses a fixed interpolation scheme to interpolate motion and residual information of the base layer into the enhancement layer. The filter used for luma and chroma information is also the same. In this paper, an adaptive interpolation scheme for inter-layer prediction in scalable video coding is presented. Firstly, the interpolation filter used for luma information is adaptively selected among three filters: bilinear, bicubic, ant 6-tap filter. The selection of interpolation filter is based on the quantization parameter. Secondly, bilinear filter is used for chroma information instead of the 6-tap filter used in JSVM. Experimental results show that, compared with the fixed interpolation scheme used in JSVM, the proposed scheme achieves satisfied results in both subjective and objective quality.
Changing the Paradigm of Craniofacial Reconstruction (2019)

For craniofacial defects, AFT is less invasive and safer than traditional reconstructive options. It is effective, predictable, and reaches volume stability at 3 months. Patient-reported outcomes demonstrate a positive life-changing impact.
Similarities between UDP-Glucose and Adenine Nucleotide Release in Yeast: Involvement of the Secretory Pathway (2020)

Extracellular UDP-glucose is a natural purinergic receptor agonist, but its mechanisms of cellular release remain unclear. We studied these mechanisms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a simple model organism that releases ATP, another purinergic agonist. Similar to ATP, UDP-glucose was released by S. cerevisiae at a rate that was linear over time. However, unlike ATP release, UDP-glucose release was not dependent on glucose stimulation. This discrepancy was resolved by demonstrating the apparent glucose stimulation of ATP release reflected glucose-dependent changes in the intracellular pattern of adenine nucleotides, with AMP release dominating in the absence of glucose. Indeed, total adenine nucleotide release, like UDP-glucose release, did not vary with glucose concentration over the short term. The genetic basis of UDP-glucose release was explored through analysis of deletion mutants, aided by development of a novel bioassay for UDP-glucose based on signaling through heterologously expressed human P2Y14 receptors. Using this assay, an elevated rate of UDP-glucose release was demonstrated in mutants lacking the putative Golgi nucleotide sugar transporter YMD8. An increased rate of UDP-glucose release in ymd8Δ was reduced by deletion of the YEA4 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine or the HUT1 UDP-galactose transporters, and overexpression of YEA4 or HUT1 increased the rate of UDP-glucose release. These findings suggest an exocytotic release mechanism similar to that of ATP, a conclusion supported by decreased rates of ATP, AMP, and UDP-glucose release in response to the secretory inhibitor Brefeldin A. These studies demonstrate the involvement of the secretory pathway in nucleotide and nucleotide sugar efflux in yeast and offer a powerful model system for further investigation.
Electronics in Textiles – Adhesive Bonding Technology for Reliably Embedding Electronic Modules into Textile Circuits (2012)

The interconnection of electronics and textile circuits is still a main challenge for the fabrication of reliable smart textiles. This paper investigates the thermoplastic adhesive bonding technology. Electronic modules are bonded to textile substrates with a thermoplastic non-conductive adhesive (NCA) film. The modules are placed onto textile circuits with an NCA-film in-between. By applying pressure and heat, the adhesive melts and contact partners touch. Subsequently cooling solidifies the NCA resulting in an electrical and mechanical contact of the electronic module and the textile circuit. This paper shows the suitability of this technology for knitted, woven, non-woven and embroidered fabrics with metal coated yarns as well as with litz-wires as conductors. Besides, it shows that the interconnection process works well with thermoplastically insulated conductors. In addition, the design of interposers has been improved in respect to contact formation and miniaturization compared to previous publications. The pitch of the contact pads is set to 1.27 mm. A textile display was realized with smart RGB-Pixels, which are controlled by an I²C-bus on a quadrupolic woven substrate. It demonstrates the applicability and the potential of this technology.
UNDERSTANDING AND MODELLING DNB IN FORCED CONVECTIVE BOILING: MODELLING OF A MECHANISM BASED ON NUCLEATION SITE DRYOUT (1997)

Two existing mechanisms for DNB in forced convective boiling are unified into one which, based on nucleation site dryout, a priori covers the whole range of DNB, from bubbly to slug flow Two modelling approaches are explored. A first, simplified model, based on a global heat balance in the wall under a dry patch, enables the CHF to be calculated, distinguishing the case of thin and thick heating walls. From a comparison with CHF data, good results are obtained in a wide enough range. A second, detailed model, based on the two-dimensional unsteady thermal analysis of the wall in response to a nucleation cycle, is then developed in order to support the likeliness of the postulated mechanism in bubbly flow. A parametric study around a well-documented CHF data point, indicates some requirements for DNB to be reached.
Whole slide imaging in pathology: advantages, limitations, and emerging perspectives (2015)

Abstract: Significant technologic gains have led to the adoption of innovative digital imaging solutions in pathology. Whole slide imaging (WSI), which refers to scanning of conventional glass slides in order to produce digital slides, is the most recent imaging modality being employed by pathology departments worldwide. WSI continues to gain traction among pathologists for diagnostic, educational, and research purposes. This article provides a technologic review of WSI platforms and covers clinical and nonclinical pathology applications of these imaging systems. Barriers to adoption of WSI include limiting technology, image quality, problems with scanning all materials (eg, cytology slides), cost, digital slide storage, inability to handle high-throughput routine work, regulatory barriers, ergonomics, and pathologists' reluctance. Emerging issues related to clinical validation, standardization, and forthcoming advances in the field are also addressed. Keywords: digital, imaging, microscopy, pathology, validation, whole slide image, telepathology
Stable Isotopes in Plant Ecology (2002)

▪ Abstract The use of stable isotope techniques in plant ecological research has grown steadily during the past two decades. This trend will continue as investigators realize that stable isotopes can serve as valuable nonradioactive tracers and nondestructive integrators of how plants today and in the past have interacted with and responded to their abiotic and biotic environments. At the center of nearly all plant ecological research which has made use of stable isotope methods are the notions of interactions and the resources that mediate or influence them. Our review, therefore, highlights recent advances in plant ecology that have embraced these notions, particularly at different spatial and temporal scales. Specifically, we review how isotope measurements associated with the critical plant resources carbon, water, and nitrogen have helped deepen our understanding of plant-resource acquisition, plant interactions with other organisms, and the role of plants in ecosystem studies. Where possible we also introduce how stable isotope information has provided insights into plant ecological research being done in a paleontological context. Progress in our understanding of plants in natural environments has shown that the future of plant ecological research will continue to see some of its greatest advances when stable isotope methods are applied.
Templated Synthesis of Peptide Nucleic Acids via Sequence-Selective Base-Filling Reactions (2009)

The templated synthesis of nucleic acids has previously been achieved through the backbone ligation of preformed nucleotide monomers or oligomers. In contrast, here we demonstrate templated nucleic acid synthesis using a base-filling approach in which individual bases are added to abasic sites of a peptide nucleic acid (PNA). Because nucleobase substrates in this approach are not self-reactive, a base-filling approach may reduce the formation of nontemplated reaction products. Using either reductive amination or amine acylation chemistries, we observed efficient and selective addition of each of the four nucleobases to an abasic site in the middle of the PNA strand. We also describe the addition of single nucleobases to the end of a PNA strand through base filling, as well as the tandem addition of two bases to the middle of the PNA strand. These findings represent an experimental foundation for nonenzymatic information transfer through base filling.
Systèmes techniques et productions symboliques du mégalithisme funéraire de la façade atlantique entre Bretagne et Pays basque (2021)

International audience