gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term activation of the innate immune system in atherosclerosis (2016)

Efforts to reverse the pathologic consequences of vulnerable plaques are often stymied by the complex treatment resistant pro-inflammatory environment within the plaque. This suggests that pro-atherogenic stimuli, such as LDL cholesterol and high fat diets may impart longer lived signals on (innate) immune cells that persist even after reversing the pro-atherogenic stimuli. Recently, a series of studies challenged the traditional immunological paradigm that innate immune cells cannot display memory characteristics. Epigenetic reprogramming in these myeloid cell subsets, after exposure to certain stimuli, has been shown to alter the expression of genes upon re-exposure. This phenomenon has been termed trained innate immunity or innate immune memory. The changed responses of 'trained' innate immune cells can confer nonspecific protection against secondary infections, suggesting that innate immune memory has likely evolved as an ancient mechanism to protect against pathogens. However, dysregulated processes of immunological imprinting mediated by trained innate immunity may also be detrimental under certain conditions as the resulting exaggerated immune responses could contribute to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Pro-atherogenic stimuli most likely cause epigenetic modifications that persist for prolonged time periods even after the initial stimulus has been removed. In this review we discuss the concept of trained innate immunity in the context of a hyperlipidemic environment and atherosclerosis. According to this idea the epigenome of myeloid (progenitor) cells is presumably modified for prolonged periods of time, which, in turn, could evoke a condition of continuous immune cell over-activation.
Panpsychism Reconsidered (2019)

This chapter provides an overview of the main issues surrounding panpsychism, defines basic terms, and provides something of a historical context. It examines briefly the central question of panpsychism versus emergence. And it summarizes the primary arguments for and against panpsychism.
The synergistic effect of Canady Helios cold atmospheric plasma and a FOLFIRINOX regimen for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma in vitro (2021)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare biliary tract cancer with a low five-year survival rate and high recurrence rate after surgical resection. Currently treatment approaches include systemic chemotherapeutics such as FOLFIRINOX, a chemotherapy regimen is a possible treatment for severe CCA cases. A limitation of this chemotherapy regimen is its toxicity to patients and adverse events. There exists a need for therapies to alleviate the toxicity of a FOLFIRINOX regimen while enhancing or not altering its anticancer properties. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a technology with a promising future as a selective cancer treatment. It is critical to know the potential interactions between CAP and adjuvant chemotherapeutics. In this study the aim is to characterize the efficacy of FOLFIRINOX and CAP in combination to understand potential synergetic effect on CCA cells. FOLFIRINOX treatment alone at the highest dose tested (53.8 µM fluorouracil, 13.7 µM Leucovorin, 5.1 µM Irinotecan, and 3.7 µM Oxaliplatin) reduced CCA cell viability to below 20% while CAP treatment alone for 7 min reduced viability to 3% (p < 0.05). An analysis of cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle demonstrated that CAP in combination with FOLFIRINOX is more effective than either treatment alone at a lower FOLFIRINOX dose of 6.7 µM fluorouracil, 1.7 µM leucovorin, 0.6 µM irinotecan, and 0.5 µM oxaliplatin and a shorter CAP treatment of 1, 3, or 5 min. In conclusion, CAP has the potential to reduce the toxicity burden of FOLFIRINOX and warrants further investigation as an adjuvant therapy.
Chip-Package and Antenna Co-Design of a Tunable UWB Transmitter in System-on-Package with On-Chip versus Off-Chip Passives (2006)

In this paper we present a self-powered CMOS ultra wideband radio transmitter integrated in a liquid-crystal polymer (LCP) based system on package (SoP) module with an embedded small antenna. Chip-package-antenna co-design is performed for this module in the presence of unwanted packaging parasitic effects and optimizes the transmission efficiency. Our contribution includes new modeling of the RF-package and antenna and co-optimizing the chip and package design with on-chip versus off-chip passives trade-offs. The SoP module consists of an innovative tunable low power CMOS transmitter for IR-UWB communication, a double-slotted small-size embedded UWB antenna, and a power converter. The output amplitude and duration of the transmitter can be tuned to transmit a signal meeting the FCC mask in different pulse repetition rate for long and short range applications. This ability can also be used to compensate the process and temperature variations as well as the parasitic effects of packaging and antenna. The antenna has a return loss of better than -10dB. The power converter consists of a chain of surface mounted Schottky diodes and capacitors, which converts incident electromagnetic waves to DC supply and thus power up the transmitter. The final module is implemented in LCP substrate with integrated passive components and embedded antenna. The chip part is implemented in 0.18mum CMOS process
Wideband fast multipole accelerated boundary element methods for the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation. (2009)

The development of a fast multipole method (FMM) accelerated iterative solution of the boundary element method (BEM) for the Helmholtz equations in three dimensions is described. The FMM for the Helmholtz equation is significantly different for problems with low and high kD, where k is the wave number and D the domain size, and for large problems, the method must be switched between levels of the hierarchy. The BEM requires several approximate computations: numerical quadrature and approximations of the boundary shapes using elements. These errors must be balanced against approximations introduced by the FMM and the convergence criterion for an iterative solution. These different errors must all be chosen in a way that, on the one hand, excess work is not done and, on the other, that the error achieved by the overall computation is acceptable. Details of translation operators for low and high kD choice of representations and BEM quadrature schemes, all consistent with these approximations, are described. A novel preconditioner using a low accuracy FMM accelerated solver as a right preconditioner is also described. Results of the developed solvers for large boundary value problems with 0.0001⩽kD⩽500 are presented and shown to perform close to theoretical expectations.
Comparison of two PWM techniques for a single-phase shunt active power filter applying indirect current control (2005)

This paper presents a comparison of two pulse width modulation PWM control techniques applied to regulate the current produced by a single phase shunt active power filter SPSAPF. An indirect current control strategy is implemented with standard S-PWM and modified M-PWM to compensate harmonics and reactive power of a non-linear load. The M-PWM control technique is based on two comparisons of a triangular high frequency carrier signal and the source fundamental current. This harmonic signal namely +/spl beta/ and its opposite value -/spl beta/ are used, at the same instant, in the comparison process to generate the gate signals for the semi-conductor devices. Using the averaging technique, the direct consequence of using this M-PWM technique is that the transfer function of the SPSAPF becomes a pure gain. Simulation and experimentation results are presented to verify the good behavior of the M-PWM. These results highlight the superior performance of M-PWM in terms of total harmonic distortion THD and reactive power compensation.
Controlled p-doping of zinc phthalocyanine by coevaporation with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane: A direct and inverse photoemission study (2001)

P-doping of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ) is investigated with ultraviolet and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, inverse photoemission spectroscopy, and in situ current–voltage (I–V) measurements. The electron affinity of F4-TCNQ (5.24 eV) is found to be equal, within experimental error, to the ionization energy of ZnPc (5.28 eV), consistent with efficient host-to-dopant electron transfer. As a result, the Fermi level in doped ZnPc drops from near midgap to 0.18 eV above the leading edge of the highest occupied molecular orbital and a narrow space-charge layer (&amp;lt;32 Å) is formed at the interface with the Au substrate. In situ I–V measurements show a seven orders of magnitude doping-induced increase in hole current.
A home bus system based on main bus and power line spread-spectrum bus (2003)

Introduces a home bus system based on the Japanese standard. Through a combination of main bus and spread-spectrum power line bus, a highly reliable, high-speed, low-cost and flexible home bus system is realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
TNF-α regulates IL-4-induced FcεRII/CD23 gene expression and soluble FcεRII release by human monocytes (1995)

We examined the regulatory effects of TNF-alpha on IL-4-induced gene expression of the low-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII/CD23) in human monocytes and IL-4-induced soluble Fc epsilon RII (sFc epsilon RII) release from monocytes. IL-4-induced Fc epsilon RII expression on the surface of monocytes was reduced by TNF-alpha as early as 1 day after culture and the effect of TNF-alpha increased with prolonged culture. The present analysis was designed to examine whether or not TNF-alpha could suppress IL-4-induced Fc epsilon RII mRNA expression and enhanced IL-4-induced sFc epsilon RII release. The addition of TNF-alpha to monocyte cultures with IL-4 significantly reduced Fc epsilon RII expression on the surface of monocytes and significantly increased sFc epsilon RII release from monocytes. Over time, there was an inverse relationship between the disappearance of cell surface Fc epsilon RII and the appearance of sFc epsilon RII in culture supernatants. Fc epsilon RII mRNA expression in monocytes cultured with IL-4 was not affected by TNF-alpha when examined at 6 h after cultivation. When the cells were cultured with TNF-alpha for more than 24 h, however, TNF-alpha down-regulated IL-4-induced Fc epsilon RII mRNA levels. This correlated with the kinetics of down-regulation of IL-4-induced Fc epsilon RII expression on the surface of monocytes by TNF-alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Elastomeric Poly(propylene): Propagation Models and Relationship to Catalyst Structure (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElastomeric Poly(propylene): Propagation Models and Relationship to Catalyst StructureWilliam J. Gauthier and Scott CollinsCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 11, 3779–3786Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00115a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00115a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views678Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Utility-based resource allocation and scheduling in OFDM-based wireless broadband networks (2005)

This article discusses downlink resource allocation and scheduling for OFDM-based broadband wireless networks. We present a cross-layer resource management framework leveraged by utility optimization. It includes utility-based resource management and QoS architecture, resource allocation algorithms, rate-based and delay-based multichannel scheduling that exploits wireless channel and queue information, and theoretical exploration of the fundamental mechanisms in wireless resource management, such as capacity, fairness, and stability. We also provide a solution that can efficiently allocate resources for heterogeneous traffic with diverse QoS requirements.
Microwave exposure as a fast and cost-effective alternative of oxygen plasma treatment of indium-tin oxide electrode for application in organic solar cells (2017)

Pre-treatment methods are commonly employed to clean as well as to modify electrode surfaces. Many previous reports suggest that modifying the surface properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) by oxygen plasma treatment is a crucial step for the fabrication of high performance organic solar cells. In this work, we propose a fast and cost-effective microwave exposure step for the modification of the surface properties of ITO anode electrodes used in organic solar cells. It is demonstrated that a short microwave exposure improves the hydrophilicity and reduces the roughness of the ITO surface, as revealed by contact angle and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, respectively, leading to a better quality of the PEDOT:PSS film coated on top of it. Similar results were obtained with the commonly used oxygen plasma treatment of ITO suggesting that microwave exposure is an effective process for modifying the surface properties of ITO with the benefits of low-cost, easy and fast processing. In addition, the influence of the microwave exposure of ITO anode electrode on the performance of an organic solar cell based on the poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC70BM) blend is investigated. The 71% efficiency enhancement obtained in the microwave annealed-ITO based device as compared to the device with the as-received ITO was mainly attributed to the improvement in the short circuit current (Jsc) and decreased leakage current caused by the reduced series and the increased shunt resistances and also by the higher charge generation efficiency, and the reduced recombination losses.
Synthesis of a helicene-fused porphyrin leading to a π-extended chiral chromophore (2022)

The preparation of several covalently linked [6]-helicene-porphyrins is reported. A fused [6]-helicene-porphyrin π-extended aromatic system was isolated, the enantiomers separated and the chiroptical properties determined. The oxidative cyclodehydrogenation proved to be very effective for six-membered fused helical systems, but not suited for the formation of five-membered fused systems.
MNDO Study of reaction pathways for SN2 reactions. Menschutkin reaction potential energy surfaces (1984)

Abstract MNDO molecular orbital calculations have been employed to investigate limited reaction pathways and potential energy surfaces for a series of S N 2 reactions. Model calculations for X − + CH 3 X ( X = H, F, OH, OCH 3 , and CN) indicate that the MNDO method gives qualitative agreement with ab initio studies except for the hydride–CH 4 exchange. Studies involving alkylation of pyridine (Menschutkin reaction) were also carried out. For the reaction of pyridine with CH 3 Cl, which involves charge separation, our MNDO studies (which do not include solvation effects) do not produce a characteristic S N 2 pathway. For the reaction of pyridine with trimethyloxonium cation [(CH 3 ) 3 O + ] as the alkylating agent, a well defined S N 2 reaction pathway was obtained; this reaction involves charge transfer. A potential energy surface for the pyridine–trimethyloxonium cation reaction shows the presence of a saddle point transition state that resembles starting materials, in agreement with the Hammond postulate for this exothermic reaction.
Fine‐scale molecular genetic (RFLP) and physical mapping of a 8.9 cM region on the top arm of Arabidopsis chromosome 5 encompassing the male sterility gene, ms1 (1997)

Fine-scale molecular mapping has been conducted using 183 recombinants between the markers lutescens (lu; 17.6 cM) and transparent testa glabra (ttg; 35.5 cM) on the top arm of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. This region contains a number of genes involved in floral development including Ms1, a gene required for the post-meiotic development of pollen. In homozygous ms1 mutant plants, pollen development is aborted soon after microspore release, regardless of environmental conditions. The ms1 mutation is located at 29.8 +/- 0.8 cM on chromosome 5. Markers have been identified which co-segregate with ms1 and should lie within 39 kb of the gene. The fine-scale map of the lu-ms1-ttg region that has been generated is significantly different from the published integrated map and provides substantially more accurate and higher marker density than the current recombinant inbred map for this region. Using clones derived from four yeast artificial chromosome libraries, a contig has been established between the RFLP markers 4111 and 4556, which encompasses the ms1 gene. This covers a genetic distance of 8.9 cM which corresponds to a physical distance of approximately 1.44 Mb, representing about 1.5-2.0% of the Arabidopsis genome. In this region, 1 cM represents a physical distance of approximately 160 kb.
Parameter-free, predictive modeling of single event upsets due to protons, neutrons, and pions in terrestrial cosmic rays (1994)

In this paper we present a new approach and a computer software for modeling single event upsets. This model, named Soft Error Monte Carlo Model (SEMM), does not need any experimental inputs or any parameter fitting. It is intended to be a design tool for chip designers when they want to optimize their designs for soft error hardness and performance. The paper focuses on terrestrial cosmic rays that cause single event upsets. Details of the nuclear modeling and of the coupled device-circuit modeling are presented. Also presented are the comparison of SEMM predictions against measurements of single event upset rate in proton beam experiments and in computer main frame field tests performed at high ground elevations. We also present some proton-pion comparisons that are relevant to single event upsets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Renal mitochondrial ferredoxin active in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1.alpha.-hydroxylase. Characterization of the iron-sulfur cluster using interprotein cluster transfer and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRenal mitochondrial ferredoxin active in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1.alpha.-hydroxylase. Characterization of the iron-sulfur cluster using interprotein cluster transfer and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopyPoksyn S. Yoon, J. Rawlings, W. H. Orme-Johnson, and H. F. DeLucaCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 10, 2172–2176Publication Date (Print):May 13, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 13 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00551a027https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00551a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Observation of the Free-living Adults of Strongyloides stercoralis from a Human Stool in Korea (2009)

Young-Hee Hong 1 , Jong-Wan Kim 2 , In-Soo Rheem 2 , Jae-Soo Kim 1 , Suk-Bae Kim 3 , Jong-Yil Chai 4 , Sang-Mee Guk 5 , Seung-Ha Lee 6 and Min Seo 7 * Department of Laboratory Medicine 1 , Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Departments of Laboratory Medicine 2 , Internal Medicine 3 , Medical Engineering 6 and Parasitology 7 , Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine 4 , Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Department of Parasitology 5 , Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Frankfurt am Main from October to December 2020 Reveals High Viral Diversity Including Spike Mutation N501Y in B.1.1.70 and B.1.1.7 (2021)

We found 28 different lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating during the study period, including the variant of concern B.1.1.7 (Δ69/70, N501Y). Six of the lineages had not previously been observed in Germany. We detected the spike protein (S) deletion Δ69/Δ70 in 15% of all sequences, a four base pair (bp) deletion (in 2.9% of sequences) and a single bp deletion (in 0.7% of sequences) in ORF3a, leading to ORF3a truncations. In four sequences (2.9%), an amino acid deletion at position 210 in S was identified. In a single sample (0.7%), both a 9 bp deletion in ORF1ab and a 7 bp deletion in ORF7a were identified. One sequence in lineage B.1.1.70 had an N501Y substitution while lacking the Δ69/70 in S. The high diversity of sequences observed over two months in Frankfurt am Main highlights the persisting need for continuous SARS-CoV-2 surveillance using full-genome sequencing, particularly in cities with international airport connections.
Using digital technology in a voice lesson (1998)

Using new technology requires the pedagogue to research the areas of physiology and acoustics that pertain to phonation. The technology of vocal amplification through sound systems becomes clearer to the user when an analysis defines the results and shows that microphones do not correct vocal faults - they merely amplify them. Some sound systems synthetically add in harmonics. In such cases, the singer is noted as a better recording studio singer than performing artist. Experience tells us that it is better to bring all the tools a voice requires - a full range of harmonics and a pleasing vibrato - with us, rather than rely on recording technology to supply the missing elements. The following sections demonstrate some applications of digital technology to vocal analysis and pedagogy.
On Goncharov's regulator and higher arithmetic Chow groups (2009)

In this paper we show that the regulator defined by Goncharov from higher algebraic Chow groups to Deligne-Beilinson cohomology agrees with Beilinson's regulator. We give a direct comparison of Goncharov's regulator to the construction given by Burgos and Feliu. As a consequence, we show that the higher arithmetic Chow groups defined by Goncharov agree, for all projective arithmetic varieties over an arithmetic field, with the ones defined by Burgos and Feliu.