gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Stability of II–VI Semiconductor‐Polysulfide Photoelectrochemical Systems (1986)

The thermodynamics of (photoelectro) chemical reactions between II–VI semiconductors and (poly)sulfide electrolytes are treated by relating the energetic position of corrosion reactions to those of the bandedges. The calculations take into account follow‐up reactions as well as changes due to initial instability of the semiconductor. The results of these calculations, together with kinetic factors, are used to explain or predict the behavior of Cd‐ and Zn‐ chalcogenide/ (poly)sulfide photoelectrochemical systems.
Nascent DNA Proteomics Reveals a Chromatin Remodeler Required for Topoisomerase I Loading at Replication Forks (2016)

During transcription and DNA replication, the DNA template is overwound ahead of RNA and DNA polymerases and relaxed by DNA topoisomerases. Inhibitors of topoisomerases are potent anti-cancer agents. Camptothecin traps topoisomerase I on DNA and exerts preferential cytotoxicity toward cancer cells by way of its interference with the progression of replication forks. Starting with an unbiased proteomic analysis, we find that the chromatin remodeling complex BAZ1B-SMARCA5 accumulates near replication forks in camptothecin-exposed cells. We report that BAZ1B associates with topoisomerase I and facilitates its access to replication forks. Single-molecule analyses of replication structures show that BAZ1B contributes to replication interference by camptothecin. A lack of BAZ1B confers increased cellular tolerance of camptothecin. These findings reveal BAZ1B as a key facilitator of topoisomerase I function during DNA replication that affects the response of cancer cells to topoisomerase I inhibitors.
Outcomes of MYC-associated lymphomas after R-CHOP with and without consolidative autologous stem cell transplant: subset analysis of randomized trial intergroup SWOG S9704 (2020)

Double hit lymphoma (DHL) and double protein-expressing (MYC and BCL2) lymphomas (DPL) fare poorly with R-CHOP; consolidative autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) may improve outcomes. S9704, a phase III randomized study of CHOP +/−R with or without ASCT allows evaluation of intensive consolidation. Immunohistochemical analysis identified 27 of 198 patients (13.6%) with MYC IHC overexpression and 20 (74%) harboring concurrent BCL2 overexpression. Four had DHL and 16 had DPL only. With median follow-up 127 months, there is a trend favoring outcomes after consolidative ASCT in DPL and MYC protein overexpressing patients, whereas all DHL patients have died irrespective of ASCT.
Leoligin, the major lignan from Edelweiss, inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase and reduces cholesterol levels in ApoE −/− mice (2016)

The health benefit through the control of lipid levels in hyperlipidaemic individuals is evident from a large number of studies. The pharmacological options to achieve this goal shall be as specific and personalized as the reasons for and co-factors of hyperlipidaemia. It was the goal of this study to reveal the impact of leoligin on cholesterol levels and to define its mechanism of action. Oral application of leoligin in ApoE-/- mice led to significantly reduced total serum cholesterol levels and a reduction in postprandial blood glucose peak levels. In the absence of biochemical signs of toxicity, leoligin treatment resulted in reduced weight gain in mice. The effects of leoligin on serum cholesterol levels may be due to a direct inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) by a unique, non-statin-like binding mode. Postprandial serum glucose peaks may be reduced by a mild peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonistic activity of leoligin. No effect on atherosclerotic plaque size was observed. As a non-toxic, cholesterol-, peak glucose-, and weight gain-lowering compound, leoligin continues to fulfil characteristics of a potential agent for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The counterregulatory overexpression of hepatic HMGCR in leoligin treated animals possibly explains the missing permanent anti-atherosclerotic effect.
Optimizing tool-path generation for three-axis machining of a sculptured impeller blade surface (2011)

This paper presents an algorithm to optimize the tool-path generation for three-axis machining of a sculptured impeller blade surface. Owing to the specific character of the sculptured compressor impeller blade surface, four sub-surfaces are obtained by combining the steepest-ascent tool-path generation method with the specialty of the fluid flow in the duct composed by the blade surfaces. Slighter curvature and more efficient calculations are achieved on the four sub-surfaces compared with that on the entire sculptured blade surface. An optimizing algorithm is proposed to calculate the four tool sub-paths on the sub-surfaces, and efficient machining is achieved by using the efficient bull-nose-end mill. The global–local machining strategy is advanced by connecting the tool paths on the sub-surfaces and the different feed direction is proposed due to the up-milling method. The proposed three-axis machining optimizing algorithm achieves consummate equilibrium between the efficiency and aerodynamics, and significantly reduces the machining time and the machine cost compared with conventional five-axis machining. An example test mould and its practical machining are also presented in the paper.
A Fast Forward Electromagnetic Solver for Microwave Imaging (2015)

This paper describes an efficient model of an antenna system for microwave imaging. The authors present techniques employed in the process of preparation of this model, as well as an accuracy comparison with the working prototype system.
Performance analysis of interrupted sparse HFSWR waveform coded with successive fast Fourier transforms (2009)

A successive Fourier transform technique is applied to efficiently generate an interrupted sparse waveform for a monostatic high-frequency surface wave radar. With few iterations a good stop to passband ratio is reached, and it is show that, when using an optimised envelope, a better average and a lower standard deviation are obtained in terms of minimal contrast ratio than in the case of a simple train of pulses.
Peculiarities of Functional Connectivity—including Cross-Modal Patterns—in Professional Karate Athletes: Correlations with Cognitive and Motor Performances (2019)

Professional karate is a sport activity requiring both physical and psychological skills that have been associated with a better “global neural efficacy.” By means of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), we investigated the neural correlates of cognitive and kinematic abilities in a group of 14 professional karateka and 14 heathy matched controls. All subjects underwent an extensive cognitive test battery for the identification of individual multidimensional cognitive profile and rs-fMRI scans investigating functional connectivity (FC). Moreover, kinematic performances in athletes were quantified by the Ergo-Mak, an integrated system developed for measuring motor reactivity, strength, and power of athletic gestures. Karateka performed significantly better than controls in the visual search task, an ability linked with increased positive correlations in FC between the right superior parietal lobe and bilateral occipital poles. Kinematic performances of athletic feats were sustained by increased positive correlations between subcortical (cerebellum and left thalamus) and cortical (inferior frontal cortex, superior parietal cortex, superior temporal cortex) regions. An unexpected FC increase between auditory and motor-related areas emerged in karateka, possibly reflecting a cross-modal coupling due to the continuous exposure to either internal or external auditory cues, positing this sensory channel as a possible target for novel training strategies. Results represent a further step in defining brain correlates of “neural efficiency” in these athletes, whose brain can be considered a model of continuous plastic train-related adaptation.
Table S2 from Microbiota-Centered Interventions: The Next Breakthrough in Immuno-Oncology? (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2&lt;/p&gt;
Preface (1990)

A previous issueo f the IBM Journal of Research and Development (May 1987) addressed the topic of computer-aided design (CAD) of products. The present issue is a logical successor, exploring modeling techniques implemented in software for the representation and analysis of products and their manufacturing processes. These techniques, which have come to be known as virtual prototyping, have as basic goals meeting competitive needs in reducing product cycle time and increasing product quality. This is to be done in an environment where product and process complexity is increasing rapidly. The virtual prototyping approach is based on developing fundamental understanding of a product and its manufacturing processes, validating this understanding through physical experiment, and implementing it in software models. The goals of virtual prototyping are met through exhaustive analysis of products and processes as part of the product and manufacturing engineering design process, thereby reducing both the need for physical experiment and the chance of problems arising later. In manufacturing, virtual prototyping can play important roles—for example, in yield learning (improving the production yield of the manufacturing process) from initial low-volume production to full-scale output/
Utilizing network pharmacology to explore the underlying mechanism of Radix Salviae in diabetic retinopathy (2019)

<i>Radix Salviae</i> could alleviate diabetic retinopathy via the molecular mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology. This research demonstrates that the network pharmacology approach can be an effective tool to reveal the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine from a holistic perspective.
An Empirical Bayes Approach to Optimizing Machine Learning Algorithms (2017)

There is rapidly growing interest in using Bayesian optimization to tune model and inference hyperparameters for machine learning algorithms that take a long time to run. For example, Spearmint is a popular software package for selecting the optimal number of layers and learning rate in neural networks. But given that there is uncertainty about which hyperparameters give the best predictive performance, and given that fitting a model for each choice of hyperparameters is costly, it is arguably wasteful to throw away all but the best result, as per Bayesian optimization. A related issue is the danger of overfitting the validation data when optimizing many hyperparameters. In this paper, we consider an alternative approach that uses more samples from the hyperparameter selection procedure to average over the uncertainty in model hyperparameters. The resulting approach, empirical Bayes for hyperparameter averaging (EB-Hyp) predicts held-out data better than Bayesian optimization in two experiments on latent Dirichlet allocation and deep latent Gaussian models. EB-Hyp suggests a simpler approach to evaluating and deploying machine learning algorithms that does not require a separate validation data set and hyperparameter selection procedure.
Acquisition and decay of IgM and IgG responses to merozoite antigens after Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Ghanaian children (2020)

Developing a vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria has been challenging, primarily due to high levels of antigen polymorphism and a complex parasite lifecycle. Immunization with the P. falciparum merozoite antigens PfMSRP5, PfSERA9, PfRAMA, PfCyRPA and PfRH5 has been shown to give rise to growth inhibitory and synergistic antisera. Therefore, these five merozoite proteins are considered to be promising candidates for a second-generation multivalent malaria vaccine. Nevertheless, little is known about IgG and IgM responses to these antigens in populations that are naturally exposed to P. falciparum. In this study, serum samples from clinically immune adults and malaria exposed children from Ghana were studied to compare levels of IgG and IgM specific for PfMSRP5, PfSERA9, PfRAMA, PfCyRPA and PfRH5. All five antigens were found to be specifically recognized by both IgM and IgG in serum from clinically immune adults and from children with malaria. Longitudinal analysis of the latter group showed an early, transient IgM response that was followed by IgG, which peaked 14 days after the initial diagnosis. IgG levels and parasitemia did not correlate, whereas parasitemia was weakly positively correlated with IgM levels. These findings show that IgG and IgM specific for merozoite antigens PfMSRP5, PfSERA9, PfRAMA, PfCyRPA and PfRH5 are high in children during P. falciparum malaria, but that the IgM induction and decline occurs earlier in infection than that of IgG.
Establishment of CTE Measurement Procedure for PPLP at 77 K for HTS Power Cables using Double Extensometers (2012)

The measurement of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) as electric insulating material is important for its practical superconducting device application. The thermal strain induced to HTS tapes and its insulating material during cooling from room temperature might largely affect the critical current (<TEX>$I_c$</TEX>) of HTS tapes. In this study, the thermal contraction of PPLP material was measured during cooling from 300 K to 77 K using double extensometers. Initially, the CTE of a brass tape was measured and it was compared with a reference data. It was found that the measured thermal expansion data of the brass material approaches that of the reference one. Based on the results, it was then confirmed that the measurement technique could be applied to thin and flexible samples. Therefore, the same measurement procedure was applied to PPLP material using double extensometers. As a result, the linear CTE of the PPLP at 77 K has been measured to be <TEX>${\sim}15.3{\times}10^{-6}/K$</TEX>. Also, it was found that the thermal contraction characteristics of PPLP was dominated by polypropylene on the cross direction (higher thermal contraction) while it was dominated by Kraft paper on the machine direction (lower thermal contraction). Overall, this measurement procedure could be adopted for the determination of CTE of flexible materials such as PPLP.
Peak Stress and Fatigue Assessment at the Saddle Support of a Cylindrical Vessel (1995)

Abstract The maximum stress in a saddle-supported cylindrical storage vessel is often the circumferential stress developed at the tips (or horns) of the saddle support. Although the peak stress at the support is not immediately detrimental to the integrity of a vessel, it would have a long-term effect on the fatigue life of the vessel. This article provides a parametric equation to determine the peak circumferential stress at the support. To assist calculations, a worksheet procedure has been proposed. The parametric equation is accompanied by four graphs, each graph provides values for a geometric variation of the problem. An example has been shown on the application of the parametric equation. A fatigue assessment is also made on the example vessel and comparison is made between ASME and British design codes. The parametric curves can be also used as a set of design curves for specifying support dimensions.
Modified Particle Filtering Algorithm for Single Acoustic Vector Sensor DOA Tracking (2015)

The conventional direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm with static sources assumption usually estimates the source angles of two adjacent moments independently and the correlation of the moments is not considered. In this article, we focus on the DOA estimation of moving sources and a modified particle filtering (MPF) algorithm is proposed with state space model of single acoustic vector sensor. Although the particle filtering (PF) algorithm has been introduced for acoustic vector sensor applications, it is not suitable for the case that one dimension angle of source is estimated with large deviation, the two dimension angles (pitch angle and azimuth angle) cannot be simultaneously employed to update the state through resampling processing of PF algorithm. To solve the problems mentioned above, the MPF algorithm is proposed in which the state estimation of previous moment is introduced to the particle sampling of present moment to improve the importance function. Moreover, the independent relationship of pitch angle and azimuth angle is considered and the two dimension angles are sampled and evaluated, respectively. Then, the MUSIC spectrum function is used as the “likehood” function of the MPF algorithm, and the modified PF-MUSIC (MPF-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed to improve the root mean square error (RMSE) and the probability of convergence. The theoretical analysis and the simulation results validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the two proposed algorithms.
Quantitative phase contrast tomography using coherent synchrotron radiation (2002)

The coherence of third generation synchrotron beams makes a trivial form of phase-contrast imaging possible. It is based on propagation and corresponds to the defocusing technique of electron microscopy. The propagation technique can be used either in a qualitative way, mainly useful for edge- detection, or in a quantitative way, involving numerical retrieval of the phase from images recorded at different distances (typically three or four) from the sample. The combination with tomography allows to reconstruct the electron density in the sample with micrometer resolution. This combined approach is called holotomography. It was applied to several problems in materials and life sciences when it is crucial to enhance the sensitivity or reduce the dose compared to absorption tomography. Pure phase objects such as foams and fleece structures can be imaged with excellent contrast and resolution. Holotomography turned out to be a invaluable tool to study semi-solid materials with two metallurgical phases that have similar attenuation coefficients. The attenuation and density map yield in this case complementary information, the latter being the useful one to study the connectivity of the solid phase. The dose reduction and increased sensitivity in phase imaging are crucial for imaging thick (millimeter range) biological samples in their natural, wet environment. Results obtained on Arabidopsis plant indicate the possibility to investigate at the micron scale the spatial organisation of plant cells.
Visible to Near-Infrared Emission from LnIII(Bis-oxazoline)–[MoV(CN)8] (Ln = Ce–Yb) Magnetic Coordination Polymers Showing Unusual Lanthanide-Dependent Sliding of Cyanido-Bridged Layers (2015)

Complexes of lanthanides(III) (Ce-Yb) with 2,2'-bis(2-oxazoline) (Box) combined with octacyanidomolybdate(V) gave a series of magneto-luminescent coordination polymers, {[Ln(III)(Box)n(DMF)m][Mo(V)(CN)8]}·x(solvent) (1-12). They are built of cyanido-bridged layers of a mixed 4- and 8-metal rings topology and show unique sliding of layers dependent on a 4f metal ion. For light lanthanides, dominant phase A, {[Ln(III)(Box)2(DMF)2][Mo(V)(CN)8]}·1.5MeCN (Ln = Ce, 1; Pr, 2; Nd, 3), consists of ideally aligned, not shifted layers, giving large channels (13.7 × 14.0 Å). Intermediate lanthanides reveal phase B, {[Ln(III)(Box)2(DMF)2] [Mo(V)(CN)8]}·H2O (Ln = Sm, 4; Eu, 5; Gd, 6; Tb, 7; Dy, 8), of smaller pores (8.4 × 10.6 Å) due to layer-H2O hydrogen bonding, which induces sliding of CN(-)-bridged layers. Heavy lanthanides show phase C, {[Ln(III)(Box)(DMF)3][Mo(V)(CN)8]}·MeCN (Ln = Ho, 9; Er, 10; Tm, 11; Yb, 12), with large channels (13.7 × 13.7 Å) of a similar size to light lanthanides. This effect comes from the changes in Ln(III) coordination sphere affecting solvent-layer interactions. Compounds 1-12 reveal diverse emission depending on the interaction between Ln(III) and Box luminophors. For 2-5, 9, and 12, the ligand-to-metal energy-transfer-induced visible f-centered emission ranging from green for Ho(III)-based 9, orange from Sm(III)-based 4, to red for Pr(III)- and Eu(III)-containing 2 and 5, respectively. Near-infrared emission was found for 2-4, 9, and 12. Red phosphorescence of Box was detected for Gd(III)-based 6, whereas the selective excitation of ligand or Ln(III) excited states resulting in the switchable red to green emission was found for Tb(III)-based 7. The materials revealed Ln(III)-Mo(V) magnetic coupling leading to ferromagnetism below 2.0 and 2.2 K for 4 and 7, respectively. The onset of magnetic ordering at low temperatures was found for 6 and 8. Compounds 1-12 form a unique family of cyanido-bridged materials of a bifunctional magneto-luminescence character combined with dynamic structural features.
Experimental and numerical characterization of the interface between concrete masonry block and mortar (2020)

Abstract Masonry is a construction system that has been used since the beginning of civilization and is still used throughout the world. The finite element method is a recent development that allows complex problems, including structural masonry problems, to be solved. A vast amount of literature exists on finite element modeling, using software such as ABAQUS, to represent experimental masonry models. Based on this established pattern, an experimental and analytical research program was designed and implemented. Thus, a set of tests was conducted to determine the compressive and tensile strengths of the masonry components, i.e., block, mortar, and grout. Bond wrench tests, diagonal tension tests, and horizontal joint shear tests were conducted to characterize the interface between the blocks and the mortar. A finite element model was then developed to represent the physical models and the general conclusion is that the finite element model was able to represent reasonably well the physical models.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of Mn(DMHP)3·12H2O and Mn(DMHP)2Cl·0.5H2O (2005)

This report describes the synthesis, characterization, and X-ray crystal structures of two Mn(III) complexes, Mn(DMHP)3 x 12H2O and Mn(DMHP)2Cl x 0.5H2O (DMHP = 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone). Mn(DMHP)2Cl was prepared from the reaction of Mn(II) chloride with 2 equiv of DMHP under reflux in the presence of triethylamine. Mn(DMHP)3 was obtained by reacting Mn(II) acetate with 3 equiv of DMHP in the presence of sodium acetate. Mn(DMHP)3 could also be prepared by reacting Mn(OAc)3 x 2H2O with 3 equiv of DMHP in the presence of triethylamine. Both Mn(III) complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, electronic paramagnetic resonance, electrospray ionization spectroscopy, electrochemical method, and X-ray crystallography. The X-ray crystal structure of Mn(DMHP)2Cl x 0.5H2O revealed a rare example of five-coordinated Mn(III) complexes with two bidentate ligands and a square pyramidal coordination geometry. Surprisingly, the average Mn-O (hydroxy) bond distance in Mn(DMHP)2Cl x 0.5H2O is approximately 0.025 A longer than that of the average Mn-O (carbonyl) bond, suggesting an extensive delocalization of electrons in the two pyridinone rings. The structure of Mn(DMHP)3 x 12H2O, a rare example of six-coordinate high-spin Mn(III) complexes without Jahn-Teller distortion, is isostructural to M(DMHP)3 x 12H2O (M = Al, Ga, Fe, and In). The electrochemical data for Mn(DMHP)3 suggests that the Mn(III) oxidation state is highly stabilized by three DMHP ligands. DMHP has the potential as a chelator for the removal of excess intracellular Mn and the treatment of chronic Mn toxicity.