gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Timeout Strategy for UDP Flows Using SVMs (2010)

With the increase of network bandwidth, more and more new applications such as audio, video and online games have become the main body in network traffic. Based on real time considerations, these new applications mostly use UDP as transport layer protocol, which directly increase UDP traffic. However, traditional studies believe that TCP dominates the Internet traffic and previous traffic measurements were generally based on it while UDP was ignored. In view of this, we mainly discuss the adaptive timeout strategy of UDP flows in this paper. Firstly, due to the significant differences in flow characteristics between the TCP flows and UDP flows, we expound and prove that the existing adaptive timeout strategies are not appropriate for UDP flows. Secondly, we present our adaptive strategy using Support Vector Machine techniques. We build six classifiers to accurately predict its corresponding maximum packet inter-arrival time and adapt its timeout value within the flow duration. Limited to its accurate rating, we present another concept of adjust accuracy rating which can probability-guaranteed(90%,95%,98%) to avoid long flow to be cut into short flows. The experiment result reveals that our adaptive strategy has the potential to achieve significant performance advantages over other widely used fixed and other adaptive timeout schemes.
Fast Multi-stage Submodular Maximization (2014)

Motivated by extremely large-scale machine learning problems, we introduce a new multi-stage algorithmic framework for submodular maximization (called MULTGREED), where at each stage we apply an approximate greedy proce-dure to maximize surrogate submodular functions. The surrogates serve as proxies for a target sub-modular function but require less memory and are easy to evaluate. We theoretically analyze the per-formance guarantee of the multi-stage framework and give examples on how to design instances of MULTGREED for a broad range of natural sub-modular functions. We show that MULTGREED performs very closely to the standard greedy algorithm given appropriate surrogate functions and argue how our framework can easily be integrated with distributive algorithms for further optimization. We complement our theory by empirically evaluating on several real-world prob-lems, including data subset selection on millions of speech samples where MULTGREED yields at least a thousand times speedup and superior results over the state-of-the-art selection methods. 1
Rotational propensities and identity of bond rupture in 1-cyano-2-methyl-3-( cis -propenyl) cyclopropanes (1980)

Comparison of the rate of recemization with the rates of diastereomerization in the title compound allows the firm conclusion to be drawn that the theoretically weakest of the three cyclopropane bonds is preferentially broken irrespective of the multiplicity of the internal rotations involved. Incidentally, the effect of an adjacent chiral methyl group on internal rotational propensities is elucidated.
Gyrotrons: Using Relativistic Electronics to Produce High Power, High Efficiency, Millimeter-Wave Sources (1981)

Recent research on gyrotrons is reviewed. It is seen that the gyrotron oscillator is already highly developed. It has produced power at record levels, and seems destined to become a widely used device. 50 refs.
Are Fragrance Encapsulates Taken Up by Aquatic and Terrestrial Invertebrate Species? (2021)

The uptake potential of fragrance encapsulates by aquatic or terrestrial organisms was investigated. Because of their size of <5 mm and their polymeric nature, fragrance encapsulates fall under the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection definition of microplastics. After use, fragrance encapsulates enter the sewer system and reach the sewage treatment plant (STP), where >90% of them are likely to be removed by sorption to the sludge. When the STP-generated sludge is used as fertilizer for agricultural soils, this may lead to potential exposure of terrestrial invertebrates to fragrance encapsulates, especially those feeding on particles of a similar size as the fragrance encapsulates. Two aquatic (Corbicula fluminea [water exposure] and Hyalella azteca [water and dietary exposure]) and one terrestrial invertebrate (Eisenia andrei [soil exposure]) species were exposed to 50 mg/L (or mg/kg) double fluorescence-labeled fragrance encapsulates (diameter 5-50 µm). The results showed that fragrance encapsulates are available to aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates but that species-specific differences regarding the ability to ingest fragrance encapsulates may exist. The benthic grazer H. azteca showed no ingestion of fragrance encapsulates, whereas the capsules were readily ingested and egested by the unselective freshwater filter feeder C. fluminea as well as the terrestrial decomposer E. andrei. No signs of bioaccumulation of fragrance encapsulates were indicated by microscopic assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:931-943. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Normal 24-hour Ambulatory Esophageal pH Values in Koreans (2008)

Physiological gastroesophageal reflux occurs frequently in healthy Koreans. These data provide a reference range that could be utilized in studies involving Korean subjects.
Beneficial effects of acute inhibition of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in the failing heart (2014)

In vitro studies suggested that glucose metabolism through the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxPPP) can paradoxically feed superoxide-generating enzymes in failing hearts. We therefore tested the hypothesis that acute inhibition of the oxPPP reduces oxidative stress and enhances function and metabolism of the failing heart, in vivo. In 10 chronically instrumented dogs, congestive heart failure (HF) was induced by high-frequency cardiac pacing. Myocardial glucose consumption was enhanced by raising arterial glycemia to levels mimicking postprandial peaks, before and after intravenous administration of the oxPPP inhibitor 6-aminonicotinamide (80 mg/kg). Myocardial energy substrate metabolism was measured with radiolabeled glucose and oleic acid, and cardiac 8-isoprostane output was used as an index of oxidative stress. A group of five chronically instrumented, normal dogs served as control. In HF, raising glycemic levels from ∼ 80 to ∼ 170 mg/dL increased cardiac isoprostane output by approximately twofold, whereas oxPPP inhibition normalized oxidative stress and enhanced cardiac oxygen consumption, glucose oxidation, and stroke work. In normal hearts glucose infusion did not induce significant changes in cardiac oxidative stress. Myocardial tissue concentration of 6P-gluconate, an intermediate metabolite of the oxPPP, was significantly reduced by ∼ 50% in treated versus nontreated failing hearts, supporting the inhibitory effect of 6-aminonicotinamide. Our study indicates an important contribution of the oxPPP activity to cardiac oxidative stress in HF, which is particularly pronounced during common physiological changes such as postprandial glycemic peaks.
Cognitive overheads and prostheses (1991)

Article Free Access Share on Cognitive overheads and prostheses: some issues in evaluating hypertexts Author: Patricia Wright Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, England Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, EnglandView Profile Authors Info & Claims HYPERTEXT '91: Proceedings of the third annual ACM conference on HypertextSeptember 1991Pages 1–12https://doi.org/10.1145/122974.122975Published:01 September 1991Publication History 42citation666DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations42Total Downloads666Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
MAM-E17 rat model impairments on a novel continuous performance task: effects of potential cognitive enhancing drugs (2017)

The MAM-E17 model exhibits robust and replicable impairments in rCPT performance that resemble attention and inhibitory control deficits seen in schizophrenia. Pharmacological profiles were highly consistent with known drug effects on cognition in preclinical and clinical studies. The rCPT is a sensitive and reliable tool with high translational potential for understanding the etiology and treatment of disorders affecting attention and executive dysfunction.
A framework for architecture-driven migration of legacy systems to cloud-enabled software (2014)

This is the companion volume of the Proceeding of the Eleventh Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture (WICSA 2014)
The influence of structural features on facile McLafferty‐type, even‐electron rearrangements in tandem mass spectra of carboxylate anions (2006)

In contrast to the well-described McLafferty rearrangement in odd-electron cations, relatively little has been reported on comparable rearrangements in even-electron ions, especially negative ions. This work reports a systematic study using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragment ion spectra of carboxylate anions having a suitably acidic proton in the gamma position. The rearrangement process was studied in both ion trap and triple quadrupole mass spectrometers; characteristic enolate anions and stable neutral products were formed at low collision energies. The process has diagnostic and analytical potential in, for example, the analysis of peptides having C-terminal serine residues and of 3-hydroxy- or 3-aminocarboxylic acids in complex mixtures.
Is spectrometer resolution or system count rate performance more important in quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis? (1992)

Recently, important improvements have been achieved in both the resolution of energy dispersive spectrometers (EDS) and their count rate performance. Figure 1 is a plot of the count rate performance versus resolution for one EDS system. This particular system was chosen for our study because data were available for 6 pulse processing times. It can be seen that there is a direct trade off between count rate performance and energy resolution. The purpose of this study is to examine the consequences of the various pulse processor conditions for quantitative analysis. A number of analytical problems were simulated including various combinations of acquisition times, degree of spectral overlap, and relative peak heights. We provide here one example from the study, the analysis of PbS, which offers a difficult spectral overlap of the Pb M lines and the S K lines. We used the recently available computer program DTSA (Desk Top Spectrum Analyzer), to simulate 1000 spectra for each of the pulse processor resolution conditions shown in Figure 1. A linear least squares procedure was used to determine the peak areas.
CSEM Interferometry Using a Synthetic Aperture Source (2011)

With interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution for Controlled Source Electromagnetics, the medium above the receivers is replaced with a homogeneous halfspace and the source is redatumed to the receiver level. The resulting retrieved reflection response is completely free of any airwave effect. Since the source is redatumed, the original source position becomes irrelevant, which is a useful property for time-lapse surveys. So far, interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution required a densely spaced receiver array. We show that this restrictive sampling requirement can be overcome by combining a lot of source positions to one very long source. By creating such a synthetic aperture source, we were able to apply interferometry for a receiver spacing as large as 1280 m.
Apparent Liquid Permeability in Shale (2013)

Summary URTeC 1613474 This paper presents a new formulation expressing the apparent liquid permeability in shale strata. We introduce an apparent liquid permeability formulation to predict volumetric flux of oil and gas condensate in liquid-rich shale formations. Nanopores (<100 nm) associated with the structure of shale formations introduce molecular slippage on the pore walls, breaking down the traditional no-slip flow condition. Molecular slippage on the pore walls eases flow; hence, Darcy permeability underestimates liquid flow in shale formations. In this paper, we make a correction to the slippage phenomenon by defining a slip length to properly model fluid flow in shale. Slip length is defined as an extrapolated distance relative to the nanopore wall to compensate for the tangential velocity component. The derived formulation in this study shows that the apparent permeability of liquid-rich shales increases with increased slip length. We present a review of different methods to determine slip length. For ease of use in reservoir simulators, we express apparent permeability with the slip-length modification in a form that is compatible with Darcy’s equation.
Sacral (S3) Segmental Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Urge Incontinence in Patients with Detrusor Instability: Results of Chronic Electrical Stimulation using an Implantable Neural Prosthesis (1995)

Neuromodulation appears to be a valuable treatment option in these patients.
Fotofreo 2012: The city of Fremantle festival of photography (2012)

Review(s) of: Fotofreo 2012: The city of Fremantle festival of photography, by Perth, Western Australia, 17 March - 15 April 2012.
Stereoselective synthesis of MaR2n-3 DPA (2019)

The first total synthesis of the n-3 docosapentaenoic derived oxygenated product MaR2<sub>n-3 DPA</sub> has been achieved. The 13<i>R</i> and 14<i>S</i> stereogenic centers were introduced using 2-deoxy-<i>d</i>-ribose in a chiral pool strategy. The geometry of the <i>Z</i>,<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>-triene moiety was prepared using highly <i>E</i>-selective Wittig- and Takai-olefination reactions as well as the <i>Z</i>-stereoselective Lindlar reduction. LC/MS-MS data of synthetic MaR2<sub>n-3 DPA</sub> matched data for the biosynthetic formed product that enabled the configurational assignment of this oxygenated natural product to be (7<i>Z</i>,9<i>E</i>,11<i>E</i>,13<i>R</i>,14<i>S</i>,16<i>Z</i>,19<i>Z</i>)-13,14-dihydroxydocosa-7,9,11,16,19-pentaenoic acid.
Modélisation numérique des écoulements instationnaires dans les turbomachines radiales (2003)

Écoulements instationnaires dans les turbomachines -- Nature instationnaire des écoulements en turbomachines -- Définition de la fréquence réduite -- Compressibilité des écoulements instationnaires -- Sources d'instationnarités des écoulements dans les turbomachines -- Mécanismes d'interaction rotor-stator -- Modèles numériques pour l'analyse des écoulements dans les turbomachines -- Modèles stationnaires et instationnaires -- Caractéristiques du code utilisé pour les études numériques -- Description sommaire des interfaces utilisées pour les études numériques -- Description des interfaces utilisés lors des calculs en turbomachines -- Étude numérique de l'écoulement instationnaire dans une pompe centrifuge avec diffuseur aubé -- Étude de l'écoulement instationnaire dans une turbine hydraulique radiale.
Distribution of Inner Product of Two Complex Gaussian Vectors and its Application to MPSK Performance (2008)

Consider two independent complex Gaussian vectors having arbitrary mean vectors and covariance matrices which are scaled versions of the identity matrix. The joint characteristic function (c.f.) of the real and imaginary parts of the inner product of these two vectors is derived in closed form. This joint c.f. is applied to the analysis of the symbol error probability (ESP) of a multibranch diversity reception system in flat Rayleigh fading using M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK). The receiver employs maximal- ratio combining with least squares channel estimation by means of pilot symbols. Closed form expressions of the SEP are obtained for the cases of binary phase-shift keying, MPSK with high signal- to-noise ratio approximation, and MPSK with independent and identically distributed fading.
Mechanistic Studies on Transcriptional Coactivator Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (2011)

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the guanidinium group of arginine residues in a number of important cell signaling proteins. PRMT1 is the founding member of this family, and its activity appears to be dysregulated in heart disease and cancer. To begin to characterize the catalytic mechanism of this isozyme, we assessed the effects of mutating a number of highly conserved active site residues (i.e., Y39, R54, E100, E144, E153, M155, and H293), which are believed to play key roles in SAM recognition, substrate binding, and catalysis. The results of these studies, as well as pH-rate studies, and the determination of solvent isotope effects (SIEs) indicate that M155 plays a critical role in both SAM binding and the processivity of the reaction but is not responsible for the regiospecific formation of asymmetrically dimethylated arginine (ADMA). Additionally, mutagenesis studies on H293, combined with pH studies and the lack of a normal SIE, do not support a role for this residue as a general base. Furthermore, the lack of a normal SIE with either the wild type or catalytically impaired mutants suggests that general acid/base catalysis is not important for promoting methyl transfer. This result, combined with the fact that the E144A/E153A double mutant retains considerably more activity then the single mutants alone, suggests that the PRMT1-catalyzed reaction is primarily driven by bringing the substrate guanidinium into the proximity of the S-methyl group of SAM and that the prior deprotonation of the substrate guanidinium is not required for methyl transfer.
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic analysis of hepatoprotective diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata (2000)

A rapid and simple high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitative estimation of the biologically active diterpenoids, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, andrographolide, neoandrographolide and andrographiside in Andrographis paniculata. The assay combines the isolation and separation of andrographolide derivatives on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates with spot visualization and scanning at 540 nm. Methanol was found to be the most appropriate solvent for the exhaustive extraction of andrographolide derivatives. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recombinant mono- and polyantigens to detect cytomegalovirus-specific immunoglobulin M in human sera by enzyme immunoassay (1995)

Serological detection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific antibody varies greatly because of antigen composition and the lack of antigen standardization. Antigenic materials composed of single well-characterized viral proteins or portions of them, produced via molecular biology, have proven to be promising tools in improving serodiagnosis. We constructed a recombinant protein containing two regions of ppUL32 (p150) and half of ppUL44 (p52) and compared the immunoglobulin M (IgM) reactivity of this triple-antigen fusion protein with that of a double-antigen fusion protein containing the two ppUL32 fragments and that of a monoantigen fusion protein containing half of ppUL44. We also constructed and tested two other monoantigen fusion proteins containing a large fraction of ppUL80a and a fraction of ppUL83. More than 700 serum samples from different groups of immunocompetent and immunosuppressed subjects were tested for the presence of HCMV IgM by recombinant enzyme immunoassay (rec-EIA) and by a commercially available EIA. Western blotting (immunoblotting) and (in the case of immunosuppressed individuals) antigenemia tests by immunofluorescence and PCR of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were also carried out. The results obtained demonstrate that (i) the triple-antigen fusion protein can replace the individual proteins; (ii) the triple-antigen fusion protein cannot be used alone to replace the virus or infected cells in the serological detection of anti-CMV IgM; (iii) the addition of the fusion proteins containing portions of ppUL83 and ppUL80a is essential for the formation of an antigenic mixture that can replace the virus for the search of HCMV-specific IgM; (iv) rec-EIA is very specific and is more sensitive than the commercially available EIA, and the results obtained are consistent with those obtained by Western blotting; and (v) rec-EIA can reliably be used to detect HCMV-specific IgM in different groups of patients with active HCMV infection.
Electrolytic process to produce titanium from TiO2feed (2007)

In order for titanium to become a commodity metal, one requirement is that it must be produced more economically than by standard Kroll processing. An electrolysis process has been demonstrated that utilises TiO2 as feed and which produces particulate titanium. The TiO2 is carbothermically reduced from +4 to +2 valence and is utilised as an anode with stoichiometric carbon which, under electrolysis in a fused salt, produces titanium particles and CO/CO2 at the anode.
CNN-based Intra-Prediction for Lossless HEVC (2019)

The paper proposes a novel block-wise prediction paradigm based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for lossless video coding. A deep neural network model which follows a multi-resolution design is employed for block-wise prediction. Several contributions are proposed to improve neural network training. A first contribution proposes a novel loss function formulation for an efficient network training based on a new approach for patch selection. Another contribution consists in replacing all HEVC-based angular intra-prediction modes with a CNN-based intra-prediction method, where each angular prediction mode is complemented by a CNN-based prediction mode using a specifically trained model. Another contribution consists in an efficient adaptation of the CNN-based intra-prediction residual for lossless video coding. Experimental results on standard test sequences show that the proposed coding system outperforms the HEVC standard with an average bitrate improvement of around 5%. To our knowledge, the paper is the first to replace all the traditional HEVC-based angular intra-prediction modes with an intra-prediction method based on modern Machine Learning techniques for lossless video coding applications.
Applications of Nitriles as Reagents for Organic Synthesis with Loss of the Nitrile Functionality (Including Cycloaddition Reactions) (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Research on characters of surrounding rock in complex geology conditions and supporting time (2008)

测试，领域监视和理论分析联合的方法被采用从微观结构在岩石团上做全身的 re- 搜索到 Jinchuan 岩石质量的宏变丑，和 rheological 模型被建立讨论合理支持时间。在合适的应力和排水量版本能为包围岩石的长期的稳定性受益以后，结果显示出那支持。