gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Group Effects on Physiological and Ecological Phenomena in Fish-VIII. Effects of Number of Fish in a Group, Shape of Respiratory Chamber, and Locomotor Activity on Oxygen Consumption of the Striped Mullet Mugil cephalus cephalus. (1992)

Oxygen consumption of the young striped mullet was measured by a constant flow method with cylindrical or disk-shaped respiratory chambers under conditions of isolated fish and groups of 2, 4, and 8 fish. There was no significant difference between oxygen consumption (μg/g•h) of isolated fish and fish in groups of 2 fish in the cylindrical chambers, but a significant difference between these was recognized in the disk-shaped chambers. Oxygen consumption of fish in groups of 4 or 8 fish was significantly lower than that of isolated fish in both chambers. Fish in groups of 4 or 8 fish in the disk-shaped chambers consumed less oxygen than those of the same num-ber in the cylindrical ones. The disk-shaped chamber was more useful for ?? O2 determina-tion of grouped fish than the cylindrical one, because fish became calmer in the former than in the latter. Distance of locomotion (cm/fish•min) of grouped fish was longer than that of isolated fish, although grouped fish consumed less oxygen. This implies that isolated fish consume more oxygen owing to higher activities than group-ed fish. These activities do not involve locomotion of the body, but movement of parts of the body and/or metabolic activity in the body.
Dilute Bose gas in a torus: vortices and persistent currents (1997)

We consider the excitation spectrum and stability of quantized vortices in a weakly-interacting Bose gas trapped in a toroidal container, and discuss the driven rotation of such a condensate.
Image registration using stationary velocity fields parameterized by norm-minimizing Wendland kernel (2015)

Interpolating kernels are crucial to solving a stationary velocity field (SVF) based image registration problem. This is because, velocity fields need to be computed in non-integer locations during integration. The regularity in the solution to the SVF registration problem is controlled by the regularization term. In a variational formulation, this term is traditionally expressed as a squared norm which is a scalar inner product of the interpolating kernels parameterizing the velocity fields. The minimization of this term using the standard spline interpolation kernels (linear or cubic) is only approximative because of the lack of a compatible norm. In this paper, we propose to replace such interpolants with a norm-minimizing interpolant - the Wendland kernel which has the same computational simplicity like B-Splines. An application on the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative showed that Wendland SVF based measures separate (Alzheimer's disease v/s normal controls) better than both B-Spline SVFs (p&lt;0.05 in amygdala) and B-Spline freeform deformation (p&lt;0.05 in amygdala and cortical gray matter).
An on-line identification of equipment risk for 3/2 circuit breaker connections (2011)

Owing to its advantages such as high reliability for power supply, flexible operating and dispatching mechanism and convenient transfer breaker, the 3/2 mode of connection has been greatly put into use in 500kv power stations and some 200kv load-center substations. However, more equipment may be subjected to power cut caused by some fault modes as long as the mode of connection is linked with primary equipment or the breaker is under the prophylactic repair mode. Based on the analysis of network topology and on-line identification technology to deal with equipment risk for protection and operation logic, it enables itself to automatically identify the latent fault mode which is contained within power-failure equipment with N-2 qualification or more and remind relevant dispatching working staff in accordance of the prophylactic repair of primary equipment or breaker under the mode of connection, meanwhile, through the combination of static and dynamic security analysis and maintenance scheduling, it will achieve the on-line prevention and control mechanism for equipment risk in large power grid.
Nonribosomal peptide synthetases and their biotechnological potential in Penicillium rubens (2021)

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) are large multimodular enzymes that synthesize a diverse variety of peptides. Many of these are currently used as pharmaceuticals, thanks to their activity as antimicrobials (penicillin, vancomycin, daptomycin, echinocandin), immunosuppressant (cyclosporin) and anticancer compounds (bleomycin). Because of their biotechnological potential, NRPSs have been extensively studied in the past decades. In this review, we provide an overview of the main structural and functional features of these enzymes, and we consider the challenges and prospects of engineering NRPSs for the synthesis of novel compounds. Furthermore, we discuss secondary metabolism and NRP synthesis in the filamentous fungus Penicillium rubens and examine its potential for the production of novel and modified β-lactam antibiotics.
One-step deposition of antibacterial Ag@Pdop hybrid films on an NiTi alloy (2019)

In this study, by one-step immersion, silver aggregates enwrapped in a polydopamine (Pdop) film (Ag@Pdop hybrid film) were deposited onto a nickel-titanium (NiTi) surface. The Ag aggregates in the Ag@Pdop hybrid films were formed through burst formation, following the Ostwald ripening and oriented attachment of Ag nanoparticles (NPs). As the coating time was increased, thickening of the Pdop film covered on the Ag aggregates could affect the antibacterial ability and biocompatibility of the Ag@Pdop hybrid films. When comprehensively comparing the experimental results, the film prepared for 12 h (Ag@12Pdop) exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and ideal cytocompatibility with human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). In addition, Ag@12Pdop exhibited better anticorrosion performance than polished NiTi in Hank's solution. Meanwhile, Ag@12Pdop showed sustainable Ag release and effectively inhibited the leaching of nickel (Ni) from the NiTi substrate. In this study, a simple method to fabricate Ag-containing films has been presented. The Ag@Pdop hybrid film may be able to significantly prevent infections induced by implantations.
Alcohol and Older Adults: Overt and Covert Influences (1979)

Service providers and family members need to be aware of the multiple effects alcohol abuse has on the elderly. A review of cases illustrates various alcohol-related problems experienced by this group and intervention techniques for curbing consumption of alcohol and ameliorating its adverse effects on their lives.
Silent epidemic (2001)

Sharps injuries play havoc with nurses' lives. As the RCN launches its Be Sharp, Be Safe campaign, Lynne Pearce reports on new figures showing the extent of the problem
Kinetics of Food Biopolymer Film Dehydration: Experimental Studies and Mathematical Modeling (2013)

The dehydration process in thin biopolymer-based films, involving the two main macromolecules in food systems, namely, proteins and polysaccharides, has been investigated. Experimental measurements of the weight loss of polymer films were carried out in an enclosed Perspex chamber under controlled conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and air flow. We found that all of the experimental moisture ratio data for films of pure biopolymers, as well as their mixtures, can be superimposed on a single scaled dehydration curve. According to theoretical calculations, this curve cannot be described by a moisture diffusion-dominated drying process, irrespective of whether film shrinkage is included or ignored. We also derived an analytical expression for evaporation-controlled drying. When film shrinkage is fully taken into account in the calculations, very good agreement between the experiments and the theoretically derived curve is obtained. However, the theoretical results can be improved even further by considering a model that includes both diffusion and evaporation processes, with diffusion being fast but nonetheless finite, so as to only play a minor secondary role in the dehydration of such films. Theoretical models have also been extended to describe systems in which film shrinkage can also arise from changes in the partial molar volume and not just loss of moisture. Using a variable “effective” partial molar volume for water provides a possible method for modeling the entire drying process over different stages of dehydration in which the solid phase adopts significantly contrasting structures.
Randomized trial of rifabutin‐based triple therapy and high‐dose dual therapy for rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin (2006)

Triple therapy with esomeprazole, rifabutin and amoxicillin and high-dose omeprazole/amoxicillin are comparable and effective and safe for rescue therapy of H. pylori regardless of the patient's CYP2C19 genotype.
In situ deposition of superconducting Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films on MgO(100) substrates by rf magnetron sputtering and laser ablation (1990)

Superconducting thin films of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BPSCCO) have been prepared in situ by magnetron sputtering and laser ablation onto heated MgO (100) substrates. Post-deposition annealing at higher temperatures was not required to obtain superconducting BPSCCO films, and a narrow temperature window in a very similar temperature region was observed for the growth of oriented films for both the laser ablation and magnetron sputtering technique. The best films were smooth and shiny with their c axes oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface but scanning electron microscope analysis showed particulates on the film surface. Room-temperature resistivity values of the order of 2–3 mΩ cm were obtained for these films. At 70 K and 8 T, the resistivity ratio for the H⊥ and ∥ to the plane of the film was ∼25 for an applied current density J of 0.8 A/cm2. Rutherford backscattering analysis on the laser-ablated and sputtered films indicates that the BPSCCO films had 2223 composition while the x-ray diffraction studies indicated mixed 2212 and 2223 phases.&amp;lt;lz&amp;gt; &amp;lt;lz&amp;gt; &amp;lt;lz&amp;gt;
Design and evaluation of a modular multimodality imaging phantom to simulate heterogeneous uptake and enhancement patterns for radiomic quantification in hybrid imaging: A feasibility study (2022)

The phantom was suitable for simulating heterogeneous uptake and enhancement patterns in [<sup>18</sup> F]FDG-PET, <sup>99m</sup> Tc-SPECT, CT, and T<sub>1</sub> -weighted MR images. The results of this work indicate that the phantom might be useful for the further development and optimization of imaging protocols for radiomic quantification in hybrid imaging modalities.
Radiation-Induced Interface-State Generation in MOS Devices (1986)

The time dependence of interface-state generation in metal and polysilicon gate MOS devices has been investigated. In contrast to results obtained by previous workers, we find that for metal gate devices there can be a significant "prompt" component of interface-state buildup. This prompt component is accompanied by a slow buildup of interface-states, which is still increasing at 500 sec., and is similar to what has been observed previously. For polysilicon gate capacitors there is a time dependent component of interface-state generation that is considerably more rapid than for metal gate devices. The time dependent component of interface-state generation for polysilicon gate capacitors begins within 10 msec after a pulse of radiation and is more than 50 percent complete by 1 sec. The rapid buildup of interface-states for polysilicon gate devices, and the prompt component for metal gate devices, will affect the electrical response of MOS devices in a weapon environment. The existence of more than one component of interface-state buildup indicates that more than one mechanism may be responsible for interface-state generation.
Recent Advances in Printed Capacitive Sensors (2020)

In this review paper, we summarize the latest advances in the field of capacitive sensors fabricated by printing techniques. We first explain the main technologies used in printed electronics, pointing out their features and uses, and discuss their advantages and drawbacks. Then, we review the main types of capacitive sensors manufactured with different materials and techniques from physical to chemical detection, detailing the main substrates and additives utilized, as well as the measured ranges. The paper concludes with a short notice on status and perspectives in the field.
Vehicle Sideslip Angle EKF Estimator based on Nonlinear Vehicle Dynamics Model and Stochastic Tire Forces Modeling (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the extended Kalman filter-based sideslip angle estimator design using a nonlinear 5DoF single-track vehicle dynamics model with stochastic modeling of tire forces. Lumped front and rear tire forces have been modeled as first-order random walk state variables. The proposed estimator is primarily designed for vehicle sideslip angle estimation; however it can also be used for estimation of tire forces and cornering stiffness. This estimator design does not rely on linearization of the tire force characteristics, it is robust against the variations of the tire parameters, and does not require the information on coefficient of friction. The estimator performance has been first analyzed by means of computer simulations using the 10DoF two-track vehicle dynamics model and underlying magic formula tire model, and then experimentally validated by using data sets recorded on a test vehicle.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Complexation of L‐Lactate with Boronic Acids: A Solution and Holographic Analysis (2008)

Boronic acids have been used as receptors for the detection of diols and alpha-hydroxy acids. The incorporation of 3-acrylamide phenyl boronic acid (3-APB) into a hydrogel generates a suitably responsive and fully reversible holographic sensor for L-lactate. However, it was also found that the use of 3-APB resulted in the sensor being responsive towards a number of other compounds containing two hydroxy groups. This report details the further investigation into the reaction between L-lactate and three boronic acid-based receptors, both in the holograms and in solution, in order to establish the mechanism of binding. A novel boronate receptor is proposed based on this understanding.
Review of injection dependent charge carrier lifetime spectroscopy (2020)

Abstract Characterization and identification of recombination active defects in photovoltaic (PV) materials are essential for improving the performance of solar cells, hence, reducing their levelized cost of electricity. Injection dependent lifetime spectroscopy (IDLS) is a sensitive and widely used technique for investigating defects in silicon. With the development of carrier lifetime measurement techniques and analysis methods, IDLS has gained increasing popularity within the PV research community. In this paper, we review IDLS, from measurement techniques and systems, to existing and emerging defect parameterization methods. We also discuss the limitations and potential pitfalls of lifetime spectroscopy analysis and outline the possible approaches for improvement.
A Light-Weight Crowdsourcing Aggregation in Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning System (2020)

Federated Machine Learning (FML) sheds light on secure distributed machine learning. However, generic FML methods may lead to privacy-leakage through the sharing of training information of individual models and have relatively poor performance when the training datasets for individual models are biased and diversified. This is a problem in combining models trained in different scenarios of IoT devices since the available training datasets are usually limited and biased. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel approach to precisely ensemble results from different models in distributed edge devices. Instead of passing the training information of individual models around that requires a relatively large amount of bandwidth and compromises data privacy, we suggest employing a trusted central agent that only collects different inference results from edge devices. Then based on a limited amount of labeled data, the agent runs a designed statistical iterative crowdsourcing algorithm to combine results for a more accurate aggregated prediction towards a user query. Our proposed system model, "Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning System", together with our light-weight Secure Crowdsourcing Aggregation (SC-Agg) algorithm, provide a more accurate prediction for outside queries at little cost without any prior knowledge of what query will be submitted. We experimentally verify that in our system, SC-Agg consistently outperforms the majority voting method and the best performing model of the ensemble in all testing scenarios. We believe that SC-Agg fits the real-world IoT applications better than other methods, such as the vanilla majority voting, for its robustness and better performance.
Intense red emitting mechanoluminescence from CaZnOS:Mn,Li with c-axis preferred orientation (2014)

We report that the co-doping of Li + ions significantly enhances the crystallinity and mechanoluminescence (ML) intensity of CaZnOS : Mn . The prepared CaZnOS : Mn , Li showed a preferred orientation of c-axis, and the particles possessed a plate-like morphology, which could be attributed to the layered structure of CaZnOS . At the same time, the ML induced by compressive load exhibited intense red emission and obvious intensity enhancement by the Li + co-doping.
Dinuclear iridium and rhodium complexes with bridging arylimidazolide-N3,C2ligands: synthetic, structural, reactivity, electrochemical and spectroscopic studies (2015)

Deprotonation of 1-arylimidazoles (aryl = mesityl (Mes), 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (Dipp)), with n-butyl lithium afforded the corresponding derivatives (1-aryl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)lithium (1a, Ar = Mes; 1b, Ar = Dipp) in good yield. Reaction of 1a with 0.5 equiv. of [Ir(cod)(μ-Cl)]2 yielded two geometrical isomers of a doubly C2,N3-bridged dinuclear complex [Ir(cod){μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]2 (3), 3H-H, a head-to-head (H-H) isomer of CS symmetry, and 3H-T, the thermodynamically preferred head-to-tail (H-T) isomer of C2 symmetry. The metallated carbon of the 4 electron donor anionic bridging ligands has some carbene character, reminiscent of the situation in N-metallated protic NHC complexes. Displacement of cod ligands from 3H-H and 3H-T afforded the tetracarbonyl complexes [Ir(CO)2{μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]24H-H and 4H-T, respectively. The reaction with PMe3, which gave only one complex, [Ir(CO)(PMe3){μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]2 (5), demonstrates that the isomerization of the central core Ir[μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3]2Ir from H-H to H-T on going from 4H-H to 5 is readily triggered by phosphine substitution under mild conditions. Oxidative-addition of MeI to 5 afforded the formally metal-metal bonded d(7)-d(7) complex [Ir2(CO)2(PMe3)2(Me)I{μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}2] (6). The blue [Ir(C2H4)2{μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]2 (7) and purple [Rh(C2H4)2{μ-C3H2N2(Dipp)-κC2,κN3}]2 (9) tetraethylene complexes were also obtained with only a H-T arrangement of the bridging ligands. Although only modestly efficient in alkane dehydrogenation, complex 7 was found to be a more active pre-catalyst than 3H-T, 4H-T and 5, probably because of the favorable lability of the ethylene ligands. From cyclic voltammetry, exhaustive coulometry and spectroelectrochemistry studies, it was concluded that 3H-T undergoes a metal-based one electron oxidation to generate the mixed-valent Ir(i)/Ir(ii) system. The energy of the intervalence band for the orange dirhodium complex [Rh(cod){μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]2 (8) is shifted toward lower energies in comparison with 3H-T, reflecting the decrease of the energy with the intermetallic distance. It was concluded from the EPR study that the Ir and Rh centres contribute substantially to the experimental magnetic anisotropy and thus to the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) in the mixed-valent Ir(i)/Ir(ii) and Rh(i)/Rh(ii) systems. The molecular structures of 3H-H, 3H-T, 8 and 9 have been determined by X-ray diffraction.
Analysis of murine major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T-cell responses to the flavivirus Kunjin by using vaccinia virus expression (1992)

The present paper analyzes the influence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (Ir) genes on MHC class II-restricted T-cell responses to West Nile virus (WNV) and recombinant vaccinia virus-derived Kunjin virus antigens and identifies the immunodominant Kunjin virus antigens. Generally, mice were primed by intravenous infection with WNV or Kunjin virus, and their CD4+ T cells were stimulated in vitro 14 days later with WNV or Kunjin virus antigens to pulse macrophage or B-cell antigen-presenting cells (APC). WNV-specific in vitro T-cell responses from H-2b mice were higher than those from H-2d, H-2k, and H-2q mice. When recombinant vaccinia virus-derived Kunjin virus antigen preparations were tested in vitro, Kunjin virus-immune T cells of H-2b haplotype responded most strongly to structural (prM, C, E) and membrane-associated nonstructural (NS1) proteins encoded by VKV 1031 and showed weaker responses to cytosolic nonstructural protein NS5 (VKV 1022), whereas the responders of H-2k haplotype responded most strongly to the antigens encoded by VKV 1022 and gave lesser responses to VKV 1031. H-2d T cells gave weaker responses than either H-2b or H-2k cells, with responses to VKV 1031 generally being higher than those to VKV 1022. Responses to VKV 1023 or VKV 1024 encoding all of the NS3 to NS5 gene sequence or to VKV 1023 encoding all of NS3 were weak or absent. Within a given inbred strain, B cells and macrophages differed in their abilities to present recombinant vaccinia virus-derived Kunjin virus antigens, both in terms of magnitude of T-cell responses induced and the particular Kunjin virus protein presented. T cells from different non-MHC genetic backgrounds varied in their requirements of macrophage numbers as APC for maximum reactivity, suggesting that the concentration of class II MHC antigens and other molecules affecting APC-T-cell interaction varied in mice with different genetic backgrounds. Regardless of MHC haplotype, responses to VKV 1024, which encompasses VKV 1023 and VKV 1022, were either absent or lower than those to VKV 1022, possibly reflecting differences in the processing requirements of these two proteins. When mice were primed intravenously with recombinant vaccinia virus and when their CD4+ T cells were stimulated in vitro with native Kunjin virus antigens, VKV 1031 primed more efficiently than Kunjin virus and VKV 1022 primed similarly to Kunjin virus.
Amino acid sequence of rabbit ventricular myosin light chain-2: Identity with the slow skeletal muscle isoform (1986)

Many studies have established a correlation of differences in the activities of various muscle types with differences in the expression of myosin isoforms. In this paper we report the sequence determination of myosin light chain-2 from rabbit slow skeletal (LC2s) and ventricular (LC2v) muscles. We sequenced tryptic peptides from LC2v which account for all except a few terminal amino acid residues. The major part (87 residues) of the rabbit LC2s sequence, obtained from tryptic and cyanogen bromide (CNBr) peptides, was found to be identical to rabbit LC2v. Our results provide the first sequence information on LC2s from any species, and lend strong support to the hypothesis that LC2s and LC2v are identical. Comparisons of rabbit LC2v and LC2s with rabbit LC2f (from fast skeletal muscle), and also with chicken LC2f and LC2v, show clearly that LC2s and LC2v from mammalian and avian species are more closely related to each other than they are to LC2f isoforms from the same species.
Reduced nasal nitric oxide levels in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (2018)

Nasal NO may be useful as a marker of ECRS severity and low nasal NO levels in ECRS may contribute to its pathogenesis.