gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling of Heat Conduction (2021)

This report describes a mathematical model of heat conduction. The differential equation for heat conduction in one dimensional rod has been derived. The explicit finite difference numerical method is used to solve this differential equation. Then for simulation, a code was written in using python libraries via Jupyter notebook. The simulation carried out for Aluminum, Copper and Mild Steel rods and results were discussed.
Serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Using the New Particle Gel Immunoassay - ID-PaGIA Chagas (1999)

The ID-Chagas test is a particle gel immunoassay (PaGIA). Red coloured particles are sensitised with three different synthetic peptides representing antigen sequences of Trypanosoma cruzi: Ag2, TcD and TcE. When these particles are mixed with serum containing specific antibodies, they agglutinate. The reaction mixture is centrifuged through a gel filtration matrix allowing free agglutinated particles to remain trapped on the top or distributed within the gel. The result can be read visually. In order to investigate the ability of the ID-PaGIA to discriminate negative and positive sera, 111 negative and 119 positive, collected in four different Brazilian institutions, were tested by each of the participants. All sera were previously classified as positive or negative according to results obtained with three conventional tests (indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemaglutination, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Sensitivity rates of ID-PaGIA varied from 95.7% to 97.4% with mean sensitivity of 96.8% and specificity rates varied from 93.8 to 98.8% with mean specificity of 94.6%. The overall Kappa test was 0.94. The assay presents as advantages the simplicity of operation and the reaction time of 20 min. In this study, ID-PaGIA showed to be highly sensitive and specific.
Organocatalyzed controlled ROP of β-lactones towards poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s: from β-butyrolactone to benzyl β-malolactone polymers (2013)

Basic organocatalysts of the guanidine (1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, TBD), amidine (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene, DBU) and phosphazene (2-tert-butylimino-2-diethylamino-1,3-dimethylperhydro-1,3,2 diazaphosphorine, BEMP) type effectively polymerize benzyl β-malolactone (MLABe) under mild operating conditions. Poly(3-benzyloxybutyrate)s (PMLABe)s with controlled molecular features, i.e. controlled molar masses, narrow dispersities (1.12 < ĐM < 1.39) and well-defined end-groups, are thus formed at 60 °C from bulk monomers, with Mn,NMR up to 80 500 g mol−1. The formation of α-guanidine/amidine/phosphazene,ω-benzyloxycarbonyl-crotonate telechelic polymers, [base{MLABe}nC(O)CHCH(CO2Be)], was demonstrated from hydrolysis and methanolysis experiments along with detailed NMR and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analyses. A similar mechanism to that suggested for the ROP of β-butyrolactone (BL) is proposed.
Acetaminophen Binds to Mouse Hepatic and Renal DNA at Human Therapeutic Doses (1997)

Alkylation of DNA by acetaminophen metabolites has been reported previously, but has received little attention, and the biological impact of this alkylation is essentially unknown. In the present study, apparent covalent binding of acetaminophen metabolites to DNA in male ICR mice was observed at levels of 2.0 +/- 0.4 to 18.5 +/- 5.5 pmol of acetaminophen/mg of DNA in liver and 0.6 +/- 0.1 to 26.9 +/- 2.6 pmol of acetaminophen/mg of DNA in kidney with doses ranging from 10 to 400 mg/kg. Investigations of the reaction of [3H]-N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) or [ring-14C]NAPQI with DNA in vitro yielded low levels of DNA alkylation. Greater apparent binding of [3H]NAPQI to DNA occurred in reactions containing nuclear proteins, such as by using chromatin or whole nuclei. The binding of NAPQI to purified DNA also was enhanced by the presence of 0.1 mM cysteine, but not by 1.0 mM cysteine. Increased binding of NAPQI to DNA in the presence of cysteine or nuclear protein is in contrast to the effects of alternate sulfhydryls on the binding of NAPQI to proteins, which implies that the mechanisms responsible for binding to DNA may be different than the mechanisms that mediate alkylation of protein. The alkylation of DNA by [ring-14C]NAPQI was enhanced markedly at buffer pH < 4.0, suggesting participation of a protonated form of NAPQI in binding to DNA under these conditions. Acetaminophen binding to DNA also was assessed in metabolic activation systems, including microsomes with cumene hydroperoxide or NADPH, and with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and H2O2. Measurable binding was obtained in all systems, but HRP and H2O2 produced binding levels 200-fold greater than was observed with the microsomal systems. The 32P-postlabeling of DNA from acetaminophen-treated mice, and of DNA reacted with acetaminophen, HRP, and H2O2, produced unique spots that were not identical. The present data further support the hypothesis that acetaminophen metabolites bind covalently to DNA and demonstrate that this apparent binding is observed in experimental animals in vivo at doses that mimic therapeutic doses in humans.
Solution Processed Silver Sulfide Thin Films for Filament Memory Applications (2010)

Filament Memories based on resistive switching have been attracting attention in recent years as a potential replacement for flash memory in CMOS technology and as a potential candidate memory for low-cost, large-area electronics. These memories operate at low voltages with fast switching speeds. These devices are based on ionic conduction through an electrolyte layer and differ fundamentally in operation from conventional flash memory, which is based on the field effect transistor. To facilitate development of this technology, effects of film structure on ionic and electronic conducting properties and the filament formation processes must be studied.In this work, silver sulfide, a mixed ionic-electronic conductor, is used as a model material for studying the solution processing of filament memories, and to study the impact of film structure on conducting and switching properties. Three different solution processing methods are investigated for depositing silver sulfide: sulfidation of elemental silver films, and sintering of two types of silver sulfide nanoparticles. Effects of nanoparticle sintering conditions on electrolyte structured and mixed conducting properties are investigated by a combination of X-ray diffraction, electrical impedance spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Impact of forming voltage and time on filament morphology is examined to provide an overall view of the impact of electrical and material parameters on device operation.
Molecular Origin of the Debye−Huckel−Onsager Limiting Law of Ion Conductance and Its Extension to High Concentrations:  Mode Coupling Theory Approach to Electrolyte Friction (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTMolecular Origin of the Debye−Huckel−Onsager Limiting Law of Ion Conductance and Its Extension to High Concentrations: Mode Coupling Theory Approach to Electrolyte FrictionAmalendu Chandra, Ranjit Biswas, and Biman BagchiView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India 208016 Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India-560012 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 16, 4082–4083Publication Date (Web):April 10, 1999Publication History Received13 October 1998Revised2 March 1999Published online10 April 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja983581phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja983581prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1042Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Electrical conductivity,Friction,Hydrodynamics,Ions,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Ultrasmall lanthanide-doped nanoparticles as multimodal platforms (2014)

Recently, there has been a great amount of interest in nanoparticles which are able to provide a platform with high contrast for multiple imaging modalities in order to advance the tools available to biomedical researchers and physicians. However, many nanoparticles do not have ideal properties to provide high contrast in different imaging modes. In order to address this, ultrasmall lanthanide doped oxide and fluoride nanoparticles with strong NIR to NIR upconversion fluorescence and a strong magnetic response for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been developed. Specifically, these nanoparticles incorporate gadolinium, dysprosium, or a combination of both into the nano-crystalline host to achieve the magnetic properties. Thulium, erbium, and neodymium codopants provide the strong NIR absorption and emission lines that allow for deeper tissue imaging since near infrared light is not strongly absorbed or scattered by most tissues within this region. This also leads to better image quality and lower necessary excitation intensities. As a part of the one pot synthesis, these nanoparticles are coated with peg, pmao, or d-glucuronic acid to make them water soluble, biocompatible, and bioconjugable due to the available carboxyl or amine groups. Here, the synthesis, morphological characterization, magnetic response, NIR emission, and the quantum yield will be discussed. Cytotoxicity tested through cell viability at varying concentrations of nanoparticles in growth media will also be discussed.
A spatial theory for characterizing predator–multiprey interactions in heterogeneous landscapes (2015)

Trophic interactions in multiprey systems can be largely determined by prey distributions. Yet, classic predator–prey models assume spatially homogeneous interactions between predators and prey. We developed a spatially informed theory that predicts how habitat heterogeneity alters the landscape-scale distribution of mortality risk of prey from predation, and hence the nature of predator interactions in multiprey systems. The theoretical model is a spatially explicit, multiprey functional response in which species-specific advection–diffusion models account for the response of individual prey to habitat edges. The model demonstrates that distinct responses of alternative prey species can alter the consequences of conspecific aggregation, from increasing safety to increasing predation risk. Observations of threatened boreal caribou, moose and grey wolf interacting over 378 181 km 2 of human-managed boreal forest support this principle. This empirically supported theory demonstrates how distinct responses of apparent competitors to landscape heterogeneity, including to human disturbances, can reverse density dependence in fitness correlates.
Mapping and Exploring the Collagen-I Proteostasis Network (2016)

Collagen-I is the most abundant protein in the human body, yet our understanding of how the endoplasmic reticulum regulates collagen-I proteostasis (folding, quality control, and secretion) remains immature. Of particular importance, interactomic studies to map the collagen-I proteostasis network have never been performed. Such studies would provide insight into mechanisms of collagen-I folding and misfolding in cells, an area that is particularly important owing to the prominence of the collagen misfolding-related diseases. Here, we overcome key roadblocks to progress in this area by generating stable fibrosarcoma cells that inducibly express properly folded and modified collagen-I strands tagged with distinctive antibody epitopes. Selective immunoprecipitation of collagen-I from these cells integrated with quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics permits the first mapping of the collagen-I proteostasis network. Biochemical validation of the resulting map leads to the assignment of numerous new players in collagen-I proteostasis, and the unanticipated discovery of apparent aspartyl-hydroxylation as a new post-translational modification in the N-propeptide of collagen-I. Furthermore, quantitative analyses reveal that Erp29, an abundant endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis machinery component with few known functions, plays a key role in collagen-I retention under ascorbate-deficient conditions. In summary, the work here provides fresh insights into the molecular mechanisms of collagen-I proteostasis, y ielding a detailed roadmap for future investigations. Straightforward adaptations of the cellular platform developed will also enable hypothesis-driven, comparative research on the likely distinctive proteostasis mechanisms engaged by normal and disease-causing, misfolding collagen-I variants, potentially motivating new therapeutic strategies for currently incurable collagenopathies.
Automatic configuration of random access channel parameters in LTE systems (2011)

In 3G long term evolution (LTE) systems, the random access channel (RACH) is used for initial access, resource request, and handover. Since the random access delay is determined by the arrival rate of the random access preambles and the number of RACH subframes, we should configure the number of RACH subframes given the arrival rate in order to guarantee the delay performance. In this work, by carefully taking account of a tradeoff between the number of RACH subframes and the random access delay, we present an optimization formulation that minimizes the number of RACH subframes for a given delay requirement. Furthermore, since the arrival rate of the random access preambles is time varying in reality, we further propose an estimation scheme for the arrival rate by reflecting the periodicity and the correlation between recent and future arrival rates. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme for tuning the RACH subframes gives very promising network performance under time-varying environments.
Association between prehospital vitamin D status and incident acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study (2015)

Prehospital 25(OH)D was associated with the risk of acute respiratory failure in our critically ill patient cohort.
Review of the Development of Compact, High Performance Heat Exchangers for Gas Turbine Applications (2006)

This study provides a review of the current state-of-the-art in compact heat exchangers and their application to gas turbine thermal management. Specifically, the challenges and potential solutions for a cooled cooling air system using the aircraft fuel as a heat sink were analyzed. As the sensible heat absorbed by the fuel in future engines is increased, the fuel will be exposed to increasingly hotter temperatures. This poses a number of design challenges for fuel-air heat exchangers. The most well known challenge is fuel deposition or coking. Another problem encountered at high fuel temperatures is thermo-acoustic oscillations. Thermo-acoustic oscillations have been shown to occur in many fluids when heated near the critical point, yet the mechanism of these oscillations is poorly understood. In some cases these instabilities have been strong enough cause failure in the thin walled tubes used in heat exchangers. For the specific application of a fuel-air heat exchanger, the advantages of a laminar flow device are discussed. These devices make use of the thermal entry region to achieve high heat transfer coefficients. To increase performance further, heat transfer enhancement techniques were reviewed and the feasibility for aerospace heat exchangers was analyzed. Two of the most basic techniques for laminar flow enhancement include tube inserts and swirl flow devices. Additionally, the effects of these devices on both coking and instabilities have been assessed.
Restoration of dendrites and spines with the objective of topologically correct segmentation (1996)

In many biomedical applications, typically a specimen marked with a coloring is to be segmented from its environment which is unmarked. Although this is a binary mapping in nature, it is not an easy task if the size of the specimen lies in the range of the optical resolution of the sampling equipment, because intermediate signal values can be caused by the distance to an object as well as by the size of the object itself. This ambiguity can cause topological errors in the segmentation result. We study operators designed to segment thin objects from their background. These operators decide on the basis of the differential geometric properties of the 3D grayscale image function. Their capabilities and drawbacks are discussed by the example of the observation of neural dendrites and spines by confocal laser scan microscopy.
Skin pathology in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome mice is caused by hyperactive CD8+ T cells and increased cross-presentation by DCs (P1048) (2013)

Abstract It remains puzzling how immunodeficiency with hypo-responsive cells can be associated with increased immune cell activation to seemingly harmless substances such as allergens. Here, we have investigated skin pathology in the severe primary immunodeficiency Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). Wildtype and WAS protein-deficient (WASp KO) mice were challenged with the allergen Der p 2 to induce eczema or infected with Leishmania major to induce robust skin inflammation. Der p 2 challenge of wildtype mice induced eczema with epidermal hyperplasia and egress of Langerhans cells from the skin. WASp KO mice had increased accumulation of mature DCs in the skin and, in contrast to wildtype cells, Der p 2 induced expansion of WASp KO CD8+ T cells that produced IFNγ. Similar to challenge with Der p 2 and unlike wildtype mice, WASp KO mice infected with L. major showed a skewed immune response with increased expansion of IFNγ-producing CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph node. Finally, we show that WASp KO DCs have increased capacity to cross-present exogenous antigen and activate CD8+ T cells. Our results imply that WASp deficiency in skin inflammation causes a breach in tolerance and skews the immune system to DC mediated CD8+ T cell responses at incorrect sites.
Expression of serine proteinases and metalloproteinases in organ-cultured human skin. Altered levels in the presence of retinoic acid and possible relationship to retinoid-induced loss of epidermal cohesion. (1994)

Neonatal human foreskin obtained at circumcision was cut into 2 x 2-mm pieces and placed in organ culture. Culture medium consisted of a serum-free, growth factor-free basal medium containing either 0.15 mmol/L Ca2+ or 1.4 mmol/L Ca2+. Some cultures were left as control, whereas others were treated with 3 mumol/L all-trans retinoic acid (RA). In the presence of RA, epidermal cohesion was disrupted and the upper layers separated from the viable epidermis beneath. This effect was observed under both low Ca2+ and high Ca2+ conditions. At 2-day intervals, culture fluids were collected and analyzed for serine and metalloproteinase activities. Serine proteinase activity was detected in the culture fluids and virtually all of the detected activity was dependent on the presence of plasminogen. Activity was elevated in the RA-treated tissues and this was due to increased amounts of both urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). Elastase and cathepsin G were not detected in either control or RA-treated cultures. Increased plasminogen activator levels were also detected in RA-treated keratinocytes and fibroblasts in monolayer culture. Significant amounts of t-PA (though not u-PA) were found in fibroblast culture fluids, whereas both t-PA and u-PA were detected in culture fluids from keratinocytes. Metalloproteinase activity was also detected in the culture fluids of control and RA-treated tissues but in contrast to plasminogen activator, metalloproteinase activity decreased in the presence of RA. Casein and gelatin zymographic studies indicated the presence of both 92- and 72-kd gelatinases and stromelysin-1 and suggested that the decreased activity was primarily due to reduction in the 92- and 72-kd gelatinases. When serine proteinase inhibitors (aprotinin and soybean trypsin inhibitor) were included in the culture medium throughout the incubation period, epidermal discohesion was reduced. A metalloproteinase inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, did not have this effect. Taken together, these data show that a number of proteolytic enzymes are produced during organ culture of human skin. They suggest that these proteases may influence the structural integrity of the tissue.
Ion transport and structure of layer-by-layer assemblies (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2007.
February consultation #5 (2014)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 40(2):p 341-342, February 2014. | DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.11.021
Role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNFRSF1A R92Q mutation in the pathogenesis of TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome and multiple sclerosis (2011)

It has long been known that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)/TNFRSF1A signalling is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Different genetic and clinical findings over the last few years have generated renewed interest in this relationship. This paper provides an update on these recent findings. Genome-wide association studies have identified the R92Q mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene as a genetic risk factor for MS (odds ratio 1·6). This allele, which is also common in the general population and in other inflammatory conditions, therefore only implies a modest risk for MS and provides yet another piece of the puzzle that defines the multiple genetic risk factors for this disease. TNFRSF1A mutations have been associated with an autoinflammatory disease known as TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). Clinical observations have identified a group of MS patients carrying the R92Q mutation who have additional TRAPS symptoms. Hypothetically, the co-existence of MS and TRAPS or a co-morbidity relationship between the two could be mediated by this mutation. The TNFRSF1A R92Q mutation behaves as a genetic risk factor for MS and other inflammatory diseases, including TRAPS. Nevertheless, this mutation does not appear to be a severity marker of the disease, neither modifying the clinical progression of MS nor its therapeutic response. An alteration in TNF/TNFRS1A signalling may increase proinflammatory signals; the final clinical phenotype may possibly be determined by other genetic or environmental modifying factors that have not yet been identified.
ODONTOLOGIA ENTREGO DIPLOMAS A 147 EGRESADOS DE POSGRADO (1993)

LOS DOCTORES JAVIER PORTILLA ROBERTSON, DIRECTOR DE LA FACULTAD DE ODONTOLOGIA, Y LUIS ALBERTO GAITAN CEPEDA, JEFE DE LA DIVISION DE ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO DE ESTA FACULTAD, DIRIGIERON UN MENSAJE DE CONGRATULACION A LOS 147 NUEVOS ESPECIALISTAS EN ODONTOLOGIA QUE CONCLUYERON SUS ESTUDIOS EN LA EXTENSION MORELOS Y EL POSGRADO DE ESTA FACULTAD, A QUIENES EN UNA CEREMONIA SE LES ENTREGARON DIPLOMAS.
Figure S6 from Characterization of 7A5: A Human CD137 (4-1BB) Receptor Binding Monoclonal Antibody with Differential Agonist Properties That Promotes Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S6 shows antitumor efficacy of combination therapy in the NCI-H292 NSCLC tumor xenograft model&lt;/p&gt;