gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate as a Predictor of Challenging Behaviours among Children with Autism from Wearable Sensors in Social Robot Interactions (2023)

Children with autism face challenges in various skills (e.g., communication and social) and they exhibit challenging behaviours. These challenging behaviours represent a challenge to their families, therapists, and caregivers, especially during therapy sessions. In this study, we have investigated several machine learning techniques and data modalities acquired using wearable sensors from children with autism during their interactions with social robots and toys in their potential to detect challenging behaviours. Each child wore a wearable device that collected data. Video annotations of the sessions were used to identify the occurrence of challenging behaviours. Extracted time features (i.e., mean, standard deviation, min, and max) in conjunction with four machine learning techniques were considered to detect challenging behaviors. The heart rate variability (HRV) changes have also been investigated in this study. The XGBoost algorithm has achieved the best performance (i.e., an accuracy of 99%). Additionally, physiological features outperformed the kinetic ones, with the heart rate being the main contributing feature in the prediction performance. One HRV parameter (i.e., RMSSD) was found to correlate with the occurrence of challenging behaviours. This work highlights the importance of developing the tools and methods to detect challenging behaviors among children with autism during aided sessions with social robots.
Estimation of the total reliability of offshore structures in Vietnam sea conditions combining the ultimate limit states and fatigue limit states (2004)

Since a few last decades in Vietnam, offshore structure engineering has been strongly developed to meet the demand of the oil and gas exploitation. This paper deals with some main research results performed by the authors as follows: (1) Wave loads acting on the jacket elements taking into account of the marine growth in Vietnam sea conditions; (2) Reliability of offshore steel jacket structures basing on the fatigue failure; (3) Reliability of offshore concrete gravity structures basing on the fatigue failure; (4) New concept for estimating the total reliability of offshore structures basing on the combination of the ULS and FLS; (5) Applying this new concept to designing offshore structures installed in Vietnam sea. This study is useful for installing offshore structures with better safety in harsh sea of a tropical country with many storms every year as Vietnam.
Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces (2021)

The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations.
Restricted expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded, growth transformation-associated antigens in an EBV- and human herpesvirus type 8-carrying body cavity lymphoma line. (1998)

A body cavity lymphoma-derived cell line (BC1), known to carry both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8; or Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV), was analysed for the expression of EBV-encoded, growth transformation-associated antigens and cellular phenotype by immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, RT-PCR and flow cytometry. A similar phenotypic analysis was also performed on another body cavity lymphoma line, BCBL1, that is singly infected with HHV-8. Phenotypically, the two lines were closely similar. Although both lines are known to carry rearranged immunoglobulin genes, they were mostly negative for B-cell surface markers. Both expressed the HHV-8-encoded nuclear antigen (LNA1). Similarly to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen type 1 (EBNA1), LNA1 was associated with the chromatin in interphase nuclei and the mitotic chromosomes in metaphase. It accumulated in a few well-circumscribed nuclear bodies that did not co-localize with EBNA1. BC1 cells expressed EBNA1, LMP2A and EBV-encoded small RNAs but not EBNA2-6, LMP1 and LMP2B. They were thus similar to type I Burkitt's lymphoma cells and latently infected peripheral B-cells. Analysis of the splicing pattern of the EBNA1-encoding message by RT-PCR showed that BC1 cells used the QUK but not the YUK splice, indicating that the mRNA was initiated from Qp and not from Cp or Wp.
<title>Three-Dimensional Phase Conjugate Resonator Performance: Ideal Conjugator</title> (1983)

The Fox and Li iterative method is used to find solutions for a three-dimensional phase conjugate resonator with a saturated gain, a random aberrator and a pinhole spatial filter. The performance of such a resonator is excellent for resonator Fresnel numbers as small as five and for phase error standard deviations as large as 2π. The use of a spatial filter to control the transverse mode shape is demonstrated.
Pulmonary Vascular Efficiency Worsening And Cardiac Energy Wasting During Early Stages Of Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2017)

Pulmonary Vascular Efficiency Worsening And Cardiac Energy Wasting During Early Stages Of Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Biomechanical characteristics of regenerated cortical bone in the canine mandible (2011)

To test the mechanical properties of regenerate cortical bone created using mandibular bone transport (MBT) distraction, five adult male American foxhound dogs underwent unilateral distraction of the mandible with a novel MBT device placed to linearly repair a 30-35 mm bone defect. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after the beginning of the consolidation period. Fourteen cylindrical specimens were taken from the inner (lingual) and outer (buccal) plates of the reconstructed mandible and 21 control specimens were removed from the contralateral aspect of the mandible. The mechanical properties of the 35 cylindrical cortical bone specimens were assessed by using a non-destructive pulse ultrasound technique. Results showed that all of the cortical mechanical properties exhibit higher numerical values on the control side than the MBT regenerate side. In addition, both densities and the elastic moduli in the direction of maximum stiffness of the regenerate cortical bone specimens are higher on the lingual side than the buccal side. Interestingly, there is no statistical difference between elastic modulus (E(1) and E(2) ) in orthogonal directions throughout the 35 cortical specimens. The data suggest that not only is the regenerate canine cortical bone heterogeneous, but the elastic mechanical properties tend to approximate transverse isotropy at a tissue level, as opposed to control cortical bone, which is orthotropic. In addition, the elastic mechanical properties are higher not only on the control side but also in the lingual anatomical position, suggesting a stress shielding effect from the presence of the reconstruction plate.
Optical tweezing by photomigration (2016)

Photomigration in azo polymers is an area of research that witnessed intensive studies owing to its potential in optical manipulation, e.g., optical tweezing, the physical mechanism of which remains unsolved since its discovery about two decades ago. In this paper, a detailed theoretical study that reproduces the phenomena associated with photomigration is presented, including the physical models and the associated master equations. Polarization effects are discussed and analytical solutions are given to describe the steady-state and the dynamics of photomigration. Such a theory leads to new theoretical experiments relating material properties to light action. A photoisomerization force which is described by a spring-type model is introduced. This force is derived from a harmonic light potential that moves the azo polymer. This force is parenting to optical tweezers, but it is quite different in the sense that it requires photoisomerization to occur. The azo polymer's motion is governed by four competing forces: the photoisomerization force, and the restoring optical gradient and elastic forces, as well as the random forces due to spontaneous diffusion.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/sulfonated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (sPOSS) hybrid membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications (2007)

Abstract Organic/inorganic hybrid membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sulfonated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (sPOSS), crosslinked by ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD), were prepared as candidate materials for proton exchange membranes in direct methanel fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and ion exchange capacity measurements for the prepared networks clearly revealed sPOSS incorporation. We found that proton conductivity increased and methanol permeability decreased with increasing sPOSS content in the hybrid membrane. In particular, our hybrid membranes demonstrated proton conductivities as high as 0.042 S/cm, which is comparable to that of Nafion™, while exhibiting two orders of magnitude lower methanol permeability as compared to Nafion™. We postulate that the polar sulfonic acid groups of the incorporated sPOSS cages assemble to provide ion conduction paths while the hydrophobic portions of the same sPOSS cages combine to form a barrier to methanol permeation with improved thermal stability of the hybrid membrane. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Conjunctival goblet cell density in normal subjects and in dry eye syndromes. (1975)

Serial sections prepared from biopsies of the deep tarsal portion of the inferior nasal conjunctival fornix in normal subjects and in patients with various dry eye syndromes were analyzed with respect to the goblet cell densities. When compared to normal subjects, individuals with keratitis sicca, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular pemphigoid, and acute alkali burn all demonstrated progressively lower goblet cell densities per millimeter of epithelial surface. These disease entities can, therefore, be considered goblet cell-deficient syndromes.
Iron-catalyzed decarbonylation reaction of aliphatic carboxylic acids leading to α-olefins (2012)

The catalytic decarbonylation reaction of aliphatic carboxylic acids can be carried out in the presence of an iron complex, and it proceeds smoothly to give α-olefins with high selectivity.
Renewable Energy Generation (2015)

This chapter introduces the standards and technologies for renewable energy generation, which covers hydroelectric power, solar energy, wind energy, fuel cell, geothermal energy, biomass, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of each renewable energy generation are also introduced.
Inhibition of cytochrome systems of heart muscle and certain bacteria by the antagonists of dihydrostreptomycin: 2-alkyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxides (1956)

Antagonism of streptomycin activity by culture filtrates of Pseudononas aerugino8a was first reported by Sureau, Arquie, Boyer & Saviard (1948). The factor responsible for the antagonism was isolated The present paper describes an investigation of some of the biological properties of these compounds; part of this work has already been briefly reported (Lightbown & Jackson, 1954; Jackson & Light- bown, 1955).
Las Filosofías de los creadores de la Mecánica Cuántica (1995)

Etude des positions philosophiques des principaux protagonistes de l'histoire de la physique quantique: Planck, Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg, Schrodinger, Born et Pauli. L'A. conclut a la pluralite des idees defendues, a l'incompatibilite de certaines interpretations philosophiques, et a la superficialite d'autres approches
Quantitation of Human Whole‐Body Synthesis‐Secretion Rates of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoate Acid from Circulating Unesterified α‐Linolenic Acid at Steady State (2018)

The rate at which dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA) is desaturated and elongated to its longer-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in humans is not agreed upon. In this study, we applied a methodology developed using rodents to investigate the whole-body, presumably hepatic, synthesis-secretion rates of esterified n-3 PUFA from circulating unesterified ALA in 2 healthy overweight women after 10 weeks of low-linoleate diet exposure. During continuous iv infusion of d5-ALA, 17 arterial blood samples were collected from each subject at -10, 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180, and 210 min, and at 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 h after beginning infusion. Plasma esterified d5-n-3 PUFA concentrations were plotted against the infusion time and fit to a sigmoidal curve using nonlinear regression. These curves were used to estimate kinetic parameters using a kinetic analysis developed using rodents. Calculated synthesis-secretion rates of esterified eicosapentaenoate, n-3 docosapentaenoate, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenate, and tetracosahexaenoate from circulating unesterified ALA were 2.1 and 2.7; 1.7 and 5.3; 0.47 and 0.27; 0.30 and 0.30; and 0.32 and 0.27 mg/day for subjects S01 and S02, respectively. This study provides new estimates of whole-body synthesis-secretion rates of esterified longer-chain n-3 PUFA from circulating unesterified ALA in human subjects. This method now can be extended to study factors that regulate human whole-body PUFA synthesis-secretion in health and disease.
Platelet-derived growth factor. III. Identification of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor by affinity labeling. (1982)

Two homobifunctional cross-linking reagents have been used to cross-link 125I-platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to a cell surface component with an approximate Mr = 164,000 that has many characteristics of a specific PDGF receptor. Excess unlabeled PDGF competed for labeling of this component, while high concentrations of fibroblast growth factor, insulin, epidermal growth factor, low density lipoprotein or acetylated low density lipoprotein had no effect. Preincubation of cells with 125I-PDGF at 37 degrees C reduced specific 125I-PDGF binding (down regulation) and produced a parallel decrease in the amount of the 164,000-dalton receptor available for labeling. The 164,000-dalton component contains at least some protein that is accessible to trypsin in the extracellular medium. A complex of comparable Mr is seen on all PDGF-responsive cell types examined, but not on a nonresponsive cell type. 125I-PDGF does not become covalently cross-linked to this component in the absence of a cross-linking reagent.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Animal Models of Human Prostate Cancer: The Consensus Report of the New York Meeting of the Mouse Models of Human Cancers Consortium Prostate Pathology Committee (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7894K, Supplementary Figure 7. Xenograft models of aggressive prostate cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Identificación de caracteres de preferencia en variedades de yuca por parte de usuarios de la cadena producción-consumo en la región Caribe colombiana (2008)

La incorporación de los criterios de los usuarios del conocimiento en diferentes eslabones de la cadena producción-consumo ha sido documentada ampliamente en su eslabón primario y con relación al fitomejoramiento. No obstante, la vinculación al proceso de investigación de conceptos procedentes de otros eslabones podría garantizar mejor impacto en la productividad. La presente investigación tuvo dos objetivos: 1) identificar los caracteres preferidos por los usuarios del conocimiento en los diferentes eslabones de la cadena agroindustrial de la yuca y, 2) incorporar dichos caracteres en el diseño de nuevas variedades. Los agricultores e intermediarios evaluaron clones en fincas, los fitomejoradores en el centro de investigación, los procesadores (picadoressecadores) en las plantas de secado y los consumidores de yuca fresca en los hogares. Los diversos criterios y caracteres fueron registrados y codificados a fin de realizar análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Mientras los agricultores hombres lograron una buena diferenciación entre los mejores clones por sus atributos, las mujeres tuvieron menor diferenciaron debido a que utilizaron categorías similares en la mayoría de los caracteres. La correspondencia entre los nueve mejores clones seleccionados por los fitomejoradores en las cinco localidades y sus caracteres asociados, permitió identificar tres grupos de clones con caracteres deseables y dos clones con caracteres no muy deseables. Los caracteres comunes entre los mejores clones evaluados por consumidores de hogar se asociaron con el sabor, el color de la pulpa, la consistencia y el contenido de harina. El análisis de caracteres comunes entre todos los evaluadores indicó que un eje lo determinaron los consumidores y el otro los fitomejoradores. Los resultados permitieron concluir que un contenido alto de almidón fue el rasgo más determinante en la selección de un buen clon para secado natural; para los almidoneros, la relación yuca fresca/almidón seco y el color blanco de la cutícula fueron los rasgos más importantes. Finalmente, se identificaron caracteres comunes entre procesadores, consumidores, investigadores, agricultores hombres y agricultores mujeres.
Characterization of an oxide semiconductor prepared by microwave sintering (2014)

We fabricated a thin-film transistor (TFT) using amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO), which was formed through annealing of an IGZO precursor film with a single-mode cavity microwave at 2.45 GHz. The transisitor fabricated with the a-IGZO film prepared by microwave annealing for 15 min showed higher device performance, i.e., a field effect mobility of 5.75 × 10−2 cm2·V−1·s−1, an on/off ratio of 106, and a threshold voltage of 20 V, than that prepared by annealing with a conventional oven for 120 min. The Raman spectra confirm that the device improvement originates from the decrease in the number of –OH groups and removal of organic species for 15 min by microwave annealing. These results suggest that the microwave annealing method has an advantage as the annealing process of solution-processed oxide semiconductors to reduce the process time. It can be applied to the fabrication of TFTs.
An improved algorithm based on fuzzy theory for 802.11 DCF (2012)

As the IEEE 802.11 DCF has the disadvantage of not adjusting itself to the network load and the probability distribution of slot selection is extremely uneven, an improved algorithm based on fuzzy theory is presented. With the use of local history regarding successes or collisions in packets transmission to characterize the current network condition, a proper membership function is established to reflect the relation between network load level and the possibility of packet collision and select an appropriate slot when the node will access the shared channel. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that there is no need of additional overheads which means simple design and low complexity. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the new algorithm in elevating the network performance on normalized saturation throughput, average delay, and congestion recovery.
Leptin Enhances the Calcification of Vascular Cells (2001)

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, regulates food intake, energy expenditure, and other physiological functions of the peripheral tissues. Leptin receptors have been identified in the hypothalamus and in extrahypothalamic tissues. Increased circulating leptin levels have been correlated with cardiovascular disease, obesity, aging, infection with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and high-fat diets. All these conditions have also been correlated with increased vascular calcification, a hallmark of atherosclerotic and age-related vascular disease. In addition, the differentiation of marrow osteoprogenitor cells is regulated by leptin. Thus, we hypothesized that leptin may regulate the calcification of vascular cells. In this report, we tested the effects of leptin on a previously characterized subpopulation of vascular cells that undergo osteoblastic differentiation and calcification in vitro. When treated with leptin, these calcifying vascular cells had a significant 5- to 10-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of osteogenic differentiation of osteoblastic cells. Prolonged treatment with leptin enhanced the calcification of these cells, further supporting the pro-osteogenic differentiation effects of leptin. Furthermore, the presence of the leptin receptor on calcifying vascular cells was demonstrated using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis. We also identified the presence of leptin receptor in the mouse artery wall, localized to subpopulations of medial and adventitial cells, and the expression of leptin by artery wall cells and atherosclerotic lesions in mice. Taken together, these results suggest that leptin regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular cells and that the artery wall may be an important peripheral tissue target of leptin action.
In Vivo Assessment of Stent Expansion and Recoil in Normal Porcine Coronary Arteries (1999)

In normal, compliant coronary arteries, stent recoil is the predominant mechanism by which stents fail to achieve the nominal CSA of their dilating balloon. The magnitude of this in vivo stent recoil is significantly greater than reported from bench testing and varies with stent design (coil versus slotted tube). Postdilatation strategies that result in controlled stent overexpansion are needed to overcome this recoil phenomenon and result in a final stent CSA that approximates the reference artery CSA.
Three-membered Rings. Molecular Structure and Conformation of Aryl Substituted Oxiranes by Dipole Moment Measurements (1977)

The electric dipole moments of some styrene and trans- and cis-stilbene oxides have been measured, in benzene. From these data some bond angles have been calculated and it has been deduced that in the styrene derivatives the phenyl group is in rapid interconversion about the bond with the triatomic ring.
Design of a 9-Level Flying Capacitor Inverter with Very Fast Response of the Controller (2020)

With the increasing utilization of wide bandgap materials in power electronics such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), high voltage GaN transistors step into focus. However, low voltage GaN transistors have been on the market much longer and offer several advantages. The flying-capacitor multilevel converter topology enables these advantages and therefore makes system designs with highest power density and low volume possible. These characteristics are key-factors for penetration of products with wide bandgap materials into industrial electronics markets. This work presents a 9-level flying capacitor DC-AC inverter. Zero voltage switching (ZVS) greatly reduces switching losses, thereby enables high frequency operation of the inverter and consequently enhances efficiency. The implemented hardware is designed for an output power of 200Watt and the prototype is built on a modular platform around an FPGA based control system. The modulation scheme and control system allow for extremely high effective switching frequencies and very fast response. Experimental results demonstrate a peak efficiency above 99.0% and an effective switching frequency of up to 4MHz.