gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The N-glycan of the SCR 2 region is essential for membrane cofactor protein (CD46) to function as a measles virus receptor (1996)

Membrane cofactor protein (MCP) (CD46), a complement-regulatory protein, serves as a cellular receptor for measles virus. Its amino-terminal portion is composed of four short consensus repeats (SCR), three of which (SCR1, SCR2, and SCR4) carry an N-linked oligosaccharide. In order to determine the importance of the three N-glycans for the function of MCP as a measles virus receptor, we established Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that stably express mutant MCPs lacking one of the three motifs for N glycosylation (NQ1, NQ2, and NQ4). In an additional mutant (NQ1-2), two glycosylation motifs were altered, allowing the addition of an N-linked oligosaccharide only in SCR4. The abilities of the mutant MCPs to function as measles virus receptors were analyzed with three different assays: (i) binding of measles virus hemagglutinin to MCP immobilized on nitrocellulose; (ii) binding of measles virus to CHO cells expressing wild-type or mutant MCP; and (iii) infection of the transfected CHO cells by measles virus. In all three assays, the abilities of the NQ2 and NQ1-2 mutants to serve as measles virus receptors were drastically impaired. The NQ1 and NQ4 mutants were recognized by measles virus almost as efficiently as the wild-type protein. These results indicate that the N-glycan attached to SCR2 is essential for MCP to serve as a measles virus receptor, while the oligosaccharides attached to SCR1 and SCR4 are of only minor importance.
Clinical trials of a new immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Goa. (1996)

Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein-2 (PfHRP-2) based immunochromatographic test kit (ICT Malaria Pf) for the rapid diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria was evaluated at the clinic of Malaria Research Centre (Field Station), Goa. Of the 98 febrile patients screened, 22 were ICT positive for P. falciparum. Simultaneous microscopic examination of the blood smears of these ICT positive patients showed that 20 were positive for P. falciparum alone, whereas one had mix infection of both P. vivax and P. falciparum suggesting 100% sensitivity. Only one slide negative patient who had taken 600 mg chloroquine the previous day was positive in the ICT. Out of the remaining 76 blood smears, 41 showed P. vivax infection and none cross-reacted with P. falciparum HRP-2 antigen and were ICT negative except one mix infection case in which P. vivax and P. falciparum infections occurred concomitantly suggesting species specificity of 98.7%. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value and efficacy of the ICT were 95.4, 100 and 98.9% respectively. The band intensity of the ICT positive cases significantly correlated with P. falciparum parasitaemia (p < 0.01). The usefulness and the disadvantages of this diagnostic kit have been discussed in context of prevailing malaria situation in the country.
Efficient Recurrence Quantum Entanglement Distillation for PMD Channels (2017)

Quantum entanglement shared by remote network nodes serves as a valuable resource for promising applications in distributed computing, cryptography, and sensing. However, distributing entanglement with high-quality via fiber optic routes could be challenging due to the various decoherence mechanisms in fibers. In particular, one of the primary polarization decoherence mechanisms in optical fibers is polarization mode dispersion (PMD), which is the distortion of optical pulses by randomly varying birefringences in the system. To mitigate the effect of decoherence in entangled particles, quantum entanglement distillation (QED) algorithms have been proposed. One particular class, the recurrence QED algorithms, stands out because it has relatively relaxed requirements on both the size of the quantum circuits involved and on the initial quality of entanglement in particles. However, because the number of particles required grows exponentially with the number of rounds of distillation, an efficient recurrence algorithm needs to converge quickly. We present a recurrence QED algorithm designed for photonic qubit pairs affected by PMD-degraded channels. Our proposed algorithm achieves the optimal fidelity as well as the optimal success probability (conditional on the optimal fidelity being achieved) in every round of distillation. The attainment of optimal fidelity improves the convergence speed of fidelity with respect to the rounds of distillation from linear to quadratic, and hence significantly reduces the number of distillation rounds. Combined with the fact that the optimal success probability is achieved, the proposed algorithm provides an efficient method to distribute entangled states with high fidelity via optic fibers.
Thyrotropin powers human mitochondria (2010)

Here we demonstrate that the neuropeptide hormone thyrotropin (TSH), which controls thyroid hormone production, exerts a major nonclassical function in mitochondrial biology. Based on transcriptional, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and biochemical evidence, TSH up-regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and consequently activity in organ-cultured normal human epidermis in situ. Mitochondrial activity was assessed by measuring 2 key components of the respiratory chain. The abundance of mitochondria was assessed employing 2 independent morphological techniques: counting their numbers in human epidermis by high-magnification light microscopy of skin sections immunostained for mitochondria-selective cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit 1 (MTCO1) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Treatment with 10 mU/ml of TSH for 6 d strongly up-regulates the number of light-microscopically visualized, MTCO1-demarcated mitochondria. On the ultrastructural level, TEM confirms that TSH indeed stimulates mitochondrial proliferation and biogenesis in the perinuclear region of human skin epidermal keratinocytes. On the transcriptional level, TSH up-regulates MTCO1 mRNA (quantitative RT-PCR) and significantly enhances complex I and IV (cytochrome-c-oxidase) activity. This study pioneers the concept that mitochondrial energy metabolism and biogenesis in a normal, prototypic human epithelial tissue underlies potent neuroendocrine controls and introduces human skin organ culture as a clinically relevant tool for further exploring this novel research frontier in the control of mitochondrial biology.
Effects of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin on adult human cartilage in vitro (1997)

Chondrocyte toxicity and necrosis were seen with electron microscopy after incubation of human adult cartilage biopsy specimens in ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin. In vitro exposure of chondrocytes to fluoroquinolones did not affect apoptosis as determined by flow cytometry. While the immediate clinical significance of this finding remains unclear, the possibility of long-term cartilage damage after fluoroquinolone treatment cannot be excluded.
Development of Casein Microgels from Cross-Linking of Casein Micelles by Genipin (2014)

Casein micelles are porous colloidal particles, constituted of casein molecules, water, and minerals. The vulnerability of the supramolecular structure of casein micelles face to changes in the environmental conditions restrains their applications in other domains besides food. Thus, redesigning casein micelles is a challenge to create new functionalities for these biosourced particles. The objective of this work was to create stable casein microgels from casein micelles using a natural cross-linker, named genipin. Suspensions of purified casein micelles (25 g L(-1)) were mixed with genipin solutions to have final concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mM genipin. Covalently linked casein microgels were formed via cross-linking of lysyl and arginyl residues of casein molecules. The reacted products exhibited blue color. The cross-linking reaction induced gradual changes on the colloidal properties of the particles. The casein microgels were smaller and more negatively charged and presented smoother surfaces than casein micelles. These results were explained based on the cross-linking of free NH2 present in an external layer of κ-casein. Light scattering and rheological measurements showed that the reaction between genipin and casein molecules was intramicellar, as one single population of particles was observed and the values of viscosity (and, consequently, the volume fraction of the particles) were reduced. Contrary to the casein micelles, the casein microgels were resistant to the presence of dissociating agents, e.g., citrate (calcium chelating) and urea, but swelled as a consequence of internal electrostatic repulsion and the disruption of hydrophobic interactions between protein chains. The casein microgels did not dissociate at the air-solution interface and formed solid-like interfaces rather than a viscoelastic gel. The potential use of casein microgels as adaptable nanocarriers is proposed in the article.
Experimental xray ghost imaging (2016)

We report the experimental demonstration of x-ray ghost imaging using synchrotron emission. Our experiment opens a clear path towards low dose x-ray medical diagnostics, and also towards single-molecule diffraction imaging at Free Electron Lasers.
Surface Transfer Doping‐Induced, High‐Performance Graphene/Silicon Schottky Junction‐Based, Self‐Powered Photodetector (2015)

A remarkable performance enhancement of Gr/Si junction-based self-powered photodetectors is demonstrated via surface modification with a MoO3 thin film. The external quantum efficiency of the Gr/Si device is significantly enhanced up to ≈80% by almost four times in the visible light region, which can be attributed to the increased Schottky barrier height and the reduced series resistance of Gr/Si device after MoO3 modification.
Aqueous alteration and bioalteration of a synthetic enstatite chondrite (2021)

Abstract Understanding the transformations of highly reduced enstatite chondrites (EC) in terrestrial environments, even on very short timescales, is important to make the best use of the cosmochemical and mineralogical information carried by these extraterrestrial rocks. Analogs of EC meteorites were synthesized at high pressure and high temperature. Then, their aqueous alterations, either abiotic or in the presence of the bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans or Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, were studied under air, at pH ~2, 20 °C, and atmospheric pressure. They stayed in shaken batch reactors for 15 days. Reference experiments were carried out separately by altering only one mineral phase among those composing the synthetic EC (i.e., sulfides: troilite or Mg‐Ca‐rich sulfides, enstatite, and Fe 70 Si 30 ). Composition of the alteration aqueous media and microstructures of the weathered solids were monitored by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Alteration sequence of the different mineral components of the synthetic EC was found to occur in the following order: magnesium‐calcium sulfides &gt; troilite &gt; iron‐silicon metallic phase &gt; enstatite regardless of the presence or absence of the microorganisms. Such small biological effects might be due to the fact that the alteration conditions are far from biologically optimal, which is likely the case in most natural environments. The exposed surfaces of an EC meteorite falling on Earth in a wet and acidic environment could lose within a few hours their Ca‐ and Mg‐rich sulfides (oldhamite and niningerite). Then, in &lt;1 week, troilite and kamacite could be altered. In a wet and acidic environment, only the enstatite would remain intact and would weather on a much slower geological timescale.
The Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Elderly: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives (2017)

Data on the elderly population with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are scarce, as this population is normally excluded from clinical trials. With an ageing population and an overall increasing prevalence of IBD; the incidence of IBD in elderly is rising. Comorbidities, wide differential diagnosis and polypharmacy make the diagnosis and management of the disease in elderly more challenging compared to that in younger adults. The knowledge of specific requirements for the management and treatment of IBD in advanced age may help in the framing of the definition of the appropriate care of this patient group. This manuscript reviews the most recent knowledge in the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of IBD in this population.
Total Hip and Knee Replacement Treatment Programs: A Report Using Consensus (1996)

Physical therapists may use varied treatment protocols for the acute care of patients with to hip or knee replacements. The purpose of this study was to develop, via consensus, a standardized treatment program for patients receiving total hip or knee replacement for primary osteoarthritis. Eighteen clinicians nationwide participated in a three-round consensus process. In Round 1, over 80% of the panel identified exercise, transfers, ambulation, and discharge criteria as the important treatment categories. In Round 2, they reviewed the preliminary physical therapy treatment program and recommended additional exercise regimes. In Round 3, 76% of the panel accepted the final total hip replacement program while 70% of the panel accepted the total knee replacement program. Using the consensus development process, physical therapists may begin to define their treatment programs which is fundamental to establishing a baseline standard of care.
The Investigation of the First Order Size Effect in Micro-Plastic Forming (2011)

With the rapid development of MEMS and electronic industry, the demands for micro-parts are increasing gradually. However, size effects make the traditional forming theories and deformation mechanism not suitable in micro forming field. In this paper, we introduced the classification of the size effects. It pointed out that the size effects can be divided into the first order and the second order size effects in the micro-forming. For the first order size effects, the theory model was established based on the surface layer model. It also clarified the phenomenon that flow stress of the blank reduced with the increase of the ratio of grain size and thickness (t decreases or d increases). Finally, the model was verified with the experimental results of the first order size effects in the references, confirming the effectiveness of the theoretical model. It provides a method to theoretically and experimentally study the micro-plastic forming.
Analysis of Adenoviral Transport Mechanisms in the Vessel Wall and Optimization of Gene Transfer Using Local Delivery Catheters (2000)

Local delivery devices have been used for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the arterial wall for the potential treatment of vascular proliferative diseases. However, low levels of adenoviral gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells may pose a serious limitation to the success of these procedures in the clinic. In this study, we examined the mechanisms controlling adenoviral transport to the vessel wall, using both hydrogel-coated and infusion-based local delivery catheters, with the goal of enhancing in vivo gene transfer under clinically relevant delivery conditions. The following delivery parameters were tested in vivo: applied transmural pressure, viral solution volume and concentration, and delivery time. We found that viral particles are transported into the vessel wall in a manner consistent with diffusion rather than pressure-driven convection. Consistent with diffusion, viral concentration was shown to be the key variable for viral transport in the vessel wall and thus gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. A transduction level of 17.8+/-3.2% was achieved by delivering a low volume of concentrated adenoviral beta-galactosidase solution through an infusion balloon catheter at low pressure without an adverse effect on medial cellularity. Under these conditions, effective gene transfer was accomplished within a clinically relevant time frame of 2 min, indicating that longer delivery times may not be necessary to achieve efficient gene transfer.
28 GHz Quadrature Frequency Generation Exploiting Injection-Locked Harmonic Extractors for 5G Communications (2019)

This paper proposes a mm-wave quadrature frequency generator using injection-locked harmonic extractors (HEs) incorporated with quadrature class-F oscillators. While maintaining high output levels at 28 GHz, the utilization of injection locking technique improves the effective quality ( Q)-factor and helps to achieve a fundamental harmonic suppression of 60 dB. This results in an FoM of the entire frequency generation system reaching -184 dB. The consideration of quadrature phase mismatch induced by electromagnetic coupling between quadrature buffers is also discussed.
Localization of glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein 1 in murine tissues using two novel polyclonal antibodies (2001)

GRIP1 was expressed in a wide variety of murine organs, and expression varied between cell types and organs. In addition to mainly nuclear localization of endogenous GRIP1, cytoplasmic expression was seen as well.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON ALPHA‐CHLOR‐ALPHA,ALPHA‐DIPHENYL‐ACETAMID MIT NATRIUM‐CYANAMID, UMLAGERUNGSRK. UEBER EIN ALPHA‐LACTAM‐ZWISCHENPRODUKT (1971)

Abstract Bei Reaktion des Acetamids (I) mit Cyanamid (II) in Äthanol bei Raumtemperatur in Gegenwart von Basen (Na‐hydroxid, Na‐äthoxid) entstehen das Acetamid (III) (Äthanolyse), das Glykocyamidin (IV) (normaler Ersatz des Cl‐ Atoms durch die Cyanamino‐Gruppe und anschließende Cyclisierung) und in 50‐85%iger Ausbeute ein drittes Produkt, das als das Hanrstoff‐Derivat (V) identifiziert wird und dessen Bildung auf das intermediäre Auftreten des aus (I) durch HCl‐Abspaltung entstandenen α‐Lactam‐Zwischenproduktes zurückgeführt wird.
Vorbemerkungen (2000)

Operative Eingriffe in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie sind im allgemeinen standardisiert durchführbar. Dieses erlaubt bei einem eingespielten Operationsteam ein zügiges und einheitliches Operieren, welches dem Patienten zugute kommt. Gleichzeitig können hierdurch die Operationszeiten reduziert werden.
Corrections. Viscoelastic Properties of Polymer Solutions in High-Viscosity Solvents and Limiting High-Frequency Behavior. II. Branched Polystyrenes with Star and Comb Structures (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCorrections. Viscoelastic Properties of Polymer Solutions in High-Viscosity Solvents and Limiting High-Frequency Behavior. II. Branched Polystyrenes with Star and Comb StructuresJ. W. M. Noordermeer, O. Kramer, F. H. M. Nestler, J. L. Schrag, and J. D. FerryCite this: Macromolecules 1976, 9, 4, 690Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60052a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60052a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Discovery of a novel activator of 5-lipoxygenase from an anacardic acid derived compound collection (2013)

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases (COXs) metabolize poly-unsaturated fatty acids into inflammatory signaling molecules. Modulation of the activity of these enzymes may provide new approaches for therapy of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we screened novel anacardic acid derivatives as modulators of human 5-LOX and COX-2 activity. Interestingly, a novel salicylate derivative 23a was identified as a surprisingly potent activator of human 5-LOX. This compound showed both non-competitive activation towards the human 5-LOX activator adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and non-essential mixed type activation against the substrate linoleic acid, while having no effect on the conversion of the substrate arachidonic acid. The kinetic analysis demonstrated a non-essential activation of the linoleic acid conversion with a KA of 8.65 μM, αKA of 0.38μM and a β value of 1.76. It is also of interest that a comparable derivative 23d showed a mixed type inhibition for linoleic acid conversion. These observations indicate the presence of an allosteric binding site in human 5-LOX distinct from the ATP binding site. The activatory and inhibitory behavior of 23a and 23d on the conversion of linoleic compared to arachidonic acid are rationalized by docking studies, which suggest that the activator 23a stabilizes linoleic acid binding, whereas the larger inhibitor 23d blocks the enzyme active site.