gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclic Chronopotentiometry as a Detection Tool for Flowing Solution Systems (2006)

Cyclic chronopotentiometry provides a very simple detection method, which may be particularly useful in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microseparation systems. It has been shown that for disk microelectrodes it is possible to define safe reduction and oxidation currents that would never lead to the formation of H2 or O2 gas bubbles, even if they are applied for an indefinitely long time period. During end-column CE detection, currents passing through the working microelectrode can be completely controlled by the external electronic circuit and they are not affected by the separation current. Consequently, problems created by the offset potential in CE can be completely eliminated. The detection can be accomplished through a variety of different mechanisms; however, generation of the electrode response as a result of analyte adsorption seems to be most common. The method is applicable to many analytes, which do not have to be electroactive. The analytical signal is obtained by monitoring the change in the average electrode potential (calculated for either a cathodic or an anodic half-cycle) caused by an analyte interacting with the electrode. The analytical signal is proportional to the analyte concentration, within a concentration range extending over approximately 2 orders of magnitude.
Comparison of Functional Domains in Vertebrate-Type Ferredoxins (2002)

The vertebrate-type Cys4Fe2S2 ferredoxins are a class of small acidic proteins that typically act as electron shuttles between NAD(P)H-dependent reductases and monoxygenases, particularly cytochromes P450. Nuclear magnetic resonance assignments and detailed analysis of nuclear Overhauser effects permit the direct comparison of the functional C-terminal domains of three vertebrate-type ferredoxins, the mammalian adrenodoxin (Adx) and the bacterial ferredoxins putidaredoxin (Pdx) and terpredoxin (Tdx). In particular, homologous hydrogen-bonding networks involving a conserved basic residue (His 49 in Pdx, His 56 in Adx, Arg 49 in Tdx) are detailed. This hydrogen bond network appears to play a role in the mechanical transmission of redox-dependent conformational and dynamic changes from the iron−sulfur binding loop to the C-terminal domain. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange measurements have been made in Adx as a function of oxidation state for comparison with previous studies of Pdx and Tdx. The results of these measurements highlight the importance of the conserved basic residue in the linkage between oxidation state and protein dynamics. Finally, a series of mutations have been made in the C-terminal domain of Pdx, including one, Y51F, that disrupts the proposed hydrogen-bonding network without perturbing steric and hydrophobic interactions in the functional domain. Although the mutant is considerably destabilized with respect to wild-type Pdx, relatively unperturbed chemical shifts for residues near the site of the mutation and NOEs between water and Phe 51 suggest that the network is reconstituted with a solvent water in place of the tyrosine hydroxyl group in this mutant.
Cloning and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis birA gene encoding a repressor of the biotin operon. (1995)

The Bacillus subtilis birA gene, which regulates biotin biosynthesis, has been cloned and characterized. The birA gene maps at 202 degrees on the B. subtilis chromosome and encodes a 36,200-Da protein that is 27% identical to Escherichia coli BirA protein. Three independent mutations in birA that lead to deregulation of biotin synthesis alter single amino acids in the amino-terminal end of the protein. The amino-terminal region that is affected by these three birA mutations shows sequence similarity to the helix-turn-helix DNA binding motif previously identified in E. coli BirA protein. B. subtilis BirA protein also possesses biotin-protein ligase activity, as judged by its ability to complement a conditional lethal birA mutant of E. coli.
(6R)-2-tert-Butyl-6-[(4R,5S)-3-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-phenyloxazolidin-2-yl]phenol (2010)

In the title compound, C(23)H(31)NO(2), the lone pair on the nitro-gen atom is oriented to facilitate intra-molecular hydrogen bonding with the hydr-oxy group residing on the phenyl substituent. The five-membered ring adopts an envelope confornmation with the O atom at the flap. The absolute stereochemistry was verified by measurement of optical activity using a digital polarimeter.
Synthesis and characterization of the superconducting cuprates (Pb,Cu)Sr2(Y,Ca)Cu2Oz (1991)

Single-phase ceramics of superconducting Pb-based layered copper oxides (${\mathrm{Pb}}_{(1+\mathit{x})/2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{(1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x})/2}$)${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$ (${\mathrm{Y}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{\mathit{x}}$)${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{\mathit{z}}$ (x=0--0.35 and z\ensuremath{\simeq}7) are successfully synthesized in an oxidizing atmosphere. The compounds that contain appropriate amounts of Ca (x&gt;0.2) exhibit superconductivity when annealed in air and subsequently quenched into liquid nitrogen. The superconductivity transition temperature increases with increasing x and is raised to 52 K for nearly single-phase samples with x=0.4. It is shown that, when the sample with x=0.35 is quenched, the oxygen content z decreases from 7.10 to 6.99, which is practically equal to the stoichiometric value of 7. It is shown that the length of the a axis is nearly independent of the value of x, being constant at a fixed value for each set of as-sintered and quenched samples and that the a axis of the crystal is shrunken by quenching compared with that of a crystal slowly cooled.
DISEASE CLASSIFICATION IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (1988)

By using 28 signs and symptoms(SS)commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, specialists in Chinese medicine classified 377 cases of chronic epigastralgia(wei won tong)into 3 disease categories, that is D1, D2 and D3. The data collected in this study were analysed by correspondence analysis. Both 377 cases and 28 SS were arranged according to the similarity and were assigned on multidimensional coordinates. On the 2 dimensional plane spanned by the first 2 components, 377 cases were plotted and were examined whether the members of the same category could make an isolated cluster and did not mix with those of the different categories. The examination revealed that the members of D1 and those of D2 occupied the left half and the right half of one unseparable group, respectively. On the other hand, those of D3 were scattered below the combined group of D1 and D2. As a result, it was concluded that the separation of D1 and D2 was considerably difficult from the standpoint of the numerical taxonomy alone, whereas that of D3 and the rest members was achieved by using the coordinates of the 2nd component. Spatial allocation of each of the 28 SS was represented multidimensionally, and could not be reduced to a few dimensional By using 28 signs and symptoms(SS)commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, specialists in Chinese medicine classified 377 cases of chronic epigastralgia(wei won tong)into 3 disease categories, that is D1, D2 and D3. The data collected in this study were analysed by correspondence analysis. Both 377 cases and 28 SS were arranged according to the similarity and were assigned on multidimensional coordinates. On the 2 dimensional plane spanned by the first 2 components, 377 cases were plotted and were examined whether the members of the same category could make an isolated cluster and did not mix with those of the different categories. The examination revealed that the members of D1 and those of D2 occupied the left half and the right half of one unseparable group, respectively. On the other hand, those of D3 were scattered below the combined group of D1 and D2. As a result, it was concluded that the separation of D1 and D2 was considerably difficult from the standpoint of the numerical taxonomy alone, whereas that of D3 and the rest members was achieved by using the coordinates of the 2nd component. Spatial allocation of each of the 28 SS was represented multidimensionally, and could not be reduced to a few dimensional space.
Isomerism of the Related Compounds of Ephedrine. I (1948)

p-Methoxy-nor-ephedrine was obtained by the condensation of anisaldehyde, nitroethane and KHCO3 and subsequent reduction with Fe or Zn and dil. H2SO4. Formation of normal and iso compounds was at a ratio of 1:3. Treatment of α-bromo-p-methoxypropiophenone with K-phthalimide and subsequent saponification gave aminoketone hydrochloride, m.p. 216°, which yielded a normal base when catalytically reduced with Adams' PtO2⋅H2. It was found that the reduction of anetholnitrosite with Zn+AcOH gives a normal compound, proving that the compound obtained earlier by Krámli and Bruckner by electrolytic reduction of acetyl anetholnitrosite and subsequent heating with 2N-HCl is an iso-form compound since saponification of acylamino-alcohol with mineral acid results in the conversion of normal to the iso compound.
Precision pointing using a dual-wedge scanner (1985)

A system has been developed for calibrating and precisely pointing a germanium dual-wedge scanner for a CO2 Doppler lidar from an airborne platform. This paper describes equations implemented in pointing the scanner as well as those in the iterative calibration program, which combines available data with estimated parameters of the scanner orientation relative to the axes of the aircraft's inertial navigation system to arrive at corrected scanner parameters. In addition, this paper investigates the effect of specific error conditions on program performance and the results of the program when used on 1981 flight test data.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 1,3,8‐Trisubstituted Purine‐2,6‐diones and 1,3,6‐Trisubstituted Thiazolo[2,3‐f]purine‐2,4‐diones. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Better Ohmic Contacts For InP Semiconductor Devices (1995)

Four design modifications enable fabrication of improved ohmic contacts on InP-based semiconductor devices. First modification consists of insertion of layer of gold phosphide between n-doped InP and metal or other overlayer of contact material. Second, includes first modification plus use of particular metal overlayer to achieve very low contact resistivities. Third, also involves deposition of Au(2)P(3) interlayer; in addition, refractory metal (W or Ta) deposited to form contact overlayer. In fourth, contact layer of Auln alloy deposited directly on InP. Improved contacts exhibit low electrical resistances and fabricated without exposing devices to destructive predeposition or postdeposition treatments.
Table S4 from Dual Inhibition of GLUT1 and the ATR/CHK1 Kinase Axis Displays Synergistic Cytotoxicity in <i>KRAS</i>-Mutant Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S4 contains all apoptotic effects of single agent inhibitors and their combinations (original data of Fig 1C and Fig. S3).&lt;/p&gt;
The reference epigenome and regulatory chromatin landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2018)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a frequent hematological neoplasm in which underlying epigenetic alterations are only partially understood. Here, we analyze the reference epigenome of seven primary CLLs and the regulatory chromatin landscape of 107 primary cases in the context of normal B cell differentiation. We identify that the CLL chromatin landscape is largely influenced by distinct dynamics during normal B cell maturation. Beyond this, we define extensive catalogues of regulatory elements de novo reprogrammed in CLL as a whole and in its major clinico-biological subtypes classified by IGHV somatic hypermutation levels. We uncover that IGHV-unmutated CLLs harbor more active and open chromatin than IGHV-mutated cases. Furthermore, we show that de novo active regions in CLL are enriched for NFAT, FOX and TCF/LEF transcription factor family binding sites. Although most genetic alterations are not associated with consistent epigenetic profiles, CLLs with MYD88 mutations and trisomy 12 show distinct chromatin configurations. Furthermore, we observe that non-coding mutations in IGHV-mutated CLLs are enriched in H3K27ac-associated regulatory elements outside accessible chromatin. Overall, this study provides an integrative portrait of the CLL epigenome, identifies extensive networks of altered regulatory elements and sheds light on the relationship between the genetic and epigenetic architecture of the disease.
Speed-sensorless control of induction motor based on reactive power with rotor time constant identification (2010)

This study presents a modified model reference adaptive system speed estimator for induction motors (IMs) based on regulation of the instantaneous rotor magnetising reactive power, which does not use integration or stator resistance in the reference model. The proposed modifications allow analytical tuning and facilitate implementation of the estimator in a digital signal processor. The detuning of the estimator with respect to the rotor time constant is exploited as a source of information in a novel parallel identification mechanism for this parameter. The rotor time constant error is obtained by correlation of the high-frequency components of the speed estimator error and the torque producing current, thus enabling simultaneous estimation of the IM speed and the rotor time constant. The robustness and accuracy of the proposed schemes are verified experimentally.
Temporomandibular Disorders and Hormones in Women (2001)

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are loosely defined as an assorted set of clinical conditions, characterized by pain and dysfunction of the masticatory system. Pain in the masticatory muscles, in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and in associated hard and soft tissues, limitation in jaw function, and sounds in the TMJ are common symptoms. That women make up the majority of patients treated for TMD is extensively hypothesized and documented in numerous epidemiological studies. Certain contradictory studies exist which propose that there are no statistically significant gender differences in the actual incidence of changes in joint morphology. Nonetheless, extensive literature suggests the disorder is 1.5-2 times more prevalent in women than in men, and that 80% of patients treated for TMD are women. The severity of symptoms is also related to the age of the patients. Pain onset tends to occur after puberty, and peaks in the reproductive years, with the highest prevalence occurring in women aged 20-40, and the lowest among children, adolescents, and the elderly. The gender and age distribution of TMD suggests a possible link between its pathogenesis and the female hormonal axis. In this review, we will use the hypothesis that the overwhelming majority of patients treated for temporomandibular disorders are women and use the available literature to examine the role of hormones in TMD.
Length-Dependent Electron Spin Polarization in Oligopeptides and DNA (2020)

The effect of spin polarization in conduction and in electric field-induced polarization was measured for double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and oligopeptides of different lengths. These measurements were conducted using magnetic contact AFM, spin-dependent electrochemistry, spin-dependent polarization, and magnetoresistance studies. It was established that the spin-dependent conduction through chiral molecules depends on the voltage applied with a power of d, when d is larger than unity, and that there is a different voltage threshold for conducting each of the spin polarizations. In addition, there is no spin flipping during the conduction through the chiral system. The spin polarization depends linearly on the length, within the range of lengths studied, and it seems to scale like the optical activity. These results suggest the importance of the electric polarizability in the chiral-induced spin selectivity process. It was also shown that the preferred spin back scattering is suppressed, compared with the nonpreferred spin, probably as a result of the coupling between the electron's linear momentum and its spin as a result of the chiral potential.
Hydrogen tungsten bronze as a decoking agent for long-life, natural gas-fueled solid oxide fuel cells (2014)

Ni catalyst-based anodes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating with natural gas fuel are vulnerable to coking (carbon deposition) and sulfur poisoning, resulting in impaired anodes and eventual cessation of SOFC operation. The incorporation of as small as 1 atom% W to Ni is found to overcome this formidable challenge. The hydrogen tungsten bronze (HxWO3−δ ≡ WO3−x−δ(OH)x) formed by reaction with the water vapor produced during SOFC operation supplies the hydroxyl groups to oxidize carbon and eliminate coking on the Ni surface. Mobile protons adhered to the oxide ions as well as the mobile oxide ions themselves in the AO3 sublattice of the oxygen-deficient perovskite-type HxWO3−δ facilitate a rapid cleaning of the Ni surface. We show here that Ni–HxWO3−δ–Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (GDC) anode-supported single cell SOFCs with GDC electrolyte and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ cathode exhibit more than 200 h of stable operation with methane fuel at 650–700 °C.
Voltage Regulation Enhancement of DC-MG Based on Power Accumulator Battery Test System: MPC-Controlled Virtual Inertia Approach (2021)

In a DC-microgrid (DC-MG) composed of a power accumulator battery test system (PABTS), owing to the low inertia of DC capacitance, the charging and discharging of a PABTS can easily cause DC-link voltage fluctuations, which may jeopardize the system stability. Hence, a virtual inertia control (VIC) strategy is proposed to suppress these fluctuations and enhance the stability of the DC-MG. The VIC method is realized in a bidirectional grid-connected converter (BGCC), which combines VIC and model predictive control (MPC). The proposed method can provide inertia support during the transient state and enhance the dynamic characteristics of the DC-link voltage. A prediction model is established that uses the variation range of the DC-link voltage as the constraint, and the output of VIC as well as voltage deviations as optimization objectives. The desired DC-link current increment is calculated using the prediction model to change the input DC current reference of the VIC. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments are performed, and the results indicate that MPC-VIC is superior to the existing VIC methods in terms of inertia support and the DC-link voltage variation suppression of PABTS DC-MGs.
Minimization of color halftone texture visibility using three-dimensional error diffusion neural network (2009)

Previously we have shown that error diffusion neural networks (EDNs) find local minima of frequency-weighted error between a binary halftone output and corresponding smoothly varying input, an ideal framework for solving halftone problems. An extension of our work to color halftoning employs a three dimensional (3D) interconnect scheme. We cast color halftoning as four related sub-problems: the first three are to compute good binary halftones for each primary color and the fourth is to simultaneously minimize frequency-weighted error in the luminosity of the composite result. We have showed that an EDN with a 3D interconnect scheme can solve all four problems in parallel. This paper shows that our 3D EDN algorithm not only shapes the error to frequencies to which the Human Visual System (HVS) is least sensitive but also shapes the error in colors to which the HVS is least sensitive. The correlation among the color planes by luminosity reduces the formation of high contrast pixels, such as black and white pixels that often constitute color noise, resulting in a smoother and more homogeneous appearance in a halftone image and a closer resemblance to the continuous tone image. The texture visibility of color halftone patterns is evaluated in two ways: (1) by computing the radially averaged power spectrum (2) by computing the visual cost function.
Leukemic Iris Infiltration (1988)

Three patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leukemic infiltration of the iris are presented. The clinical features, diagnostic techniques, and treatment of this condition are described.
Reactive metal contact at indium–tin–oxide/self-assembled monolayer interfaces (2006)

With the aim of improving the electrical and adhesion properties of the indium–tin–oxide (ITO) electrode/organic interface, we tested Cl- and CF3-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which react with the indium atoms of the electrode, and compared the results to those obtained using a CH3-terminated SAM. The contact resistance of the interface between the Cl-terminated surface and the ITO electrode (1.5kΩ) was found to be much lower than that of the interface between the ITO and the CF3-terminated surface (21.3kΩ), which can be attributed to the higher dipole moment of the In–Cl complex compared to the In–F complex. In the ITO films deposited on the CH3-terminated surface, the contact resistance (138.0kΩ) was much higher than those of the reactive metal contacts because the ITO thin film deposited on the CH3-terminated surface does not react with the SAM.
Dynamics of a receptor-bound ligand by heteronuclear NMR: FK506 bound to FKBP-12 (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamics of a receptor-bound ligand by heteronuclear NMR: FK506 bound to FKBP-12Christopher A. Lepre, Jya Wei Cheng, and Jonathan M. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 11, 4929–4930Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00064a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00064a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Drug resistance in Candida albicans isolates and related changes in the structural domain of Mdr1 protein (2021)

The investigation proved that the isolated C. albicans from TB patients are significantly resistant to the action of six drugs. The molecular changes in MDR1 genes showed differences in seven nucleotide base pairs that interfered with the efflux pump.
Supplementary Figure Legends and Tables from Imaging Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Brain Tumors with [<sup>64</sup>Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 PET (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends and Tables&lt;/p&gt;