gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Time-Varying Nature of Electromechanical Delay and Muscle Control Effectiveness in Response to Stimulation-Induced Fatigue (2016)

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) are commonly prescribed rehabilitative therapies. Closed-loop NMES holds the promise to yield more accurate limb control, which could enable new rehabilitative procedures. However, NMES/FES can rapidly fatigue muscle, which limits potential treatments and presents several control challenges. Specifically, the stimulation intensity-force relation changes as the muscle fatigues. Additionally, the delayed response between the application of stimulation and muscle force production, termed electromechanical delay (EMD), may increase with fatigue. This paper quantifies these effects. Specifically, open-loop fatiguing protocols were applied to the quadriceps femoris muscle group of able-bodied individuals under isometric conditions, and the resulting torque was recorded. Short pulse trains were used to measure EMD with a thresholding method while long duration pulse trains were used to induce fatigue, measure EMD with a cross-correlation method, and construct recruitment curves. EMD was found to increase significantly with fatigue, and the control effectiveness (i.e., the linear slope of the recruitment curve) decreased with fatigue. Outcomes of these experiments indicate an opportunity for improved closed-loop NMES/FES control development by considering EMD to be time-varying and by considering the muscle recruitment curve to be a nonlinear, time-varying function of the stimulation input.
Development of high productivity medium current ion implanter “EXCEED 3000AH Evo2” (2011)

High productivity medium current ion implanter “EXCEED 3000AH Evo2” is developed. In semiconductor manufacturing field, improvement of the productivity is continuously required. Especially mass production lines recently tend to use low energy beam and 2 pass implant for higher throughput. The “Evo2” has been developed in an effort to fulfill these requirements. The “Evo2” increases low energy beam current by 150 to 250% by applying electrostatic einzel lens called “V‐lens” installed at the exit of the Collimator magnet. This lens is also able to control the beam incident angle by adjusting the upper and lower electrode’s voltages independently. Besides, mechanical scanning speed is enhanced to minimize process time of 2 pass implant, while also frequency of the fast beam scanning is enhanced to keep dose uniformity. In addition, a vacuum pumping capability at the target chamber is enhanced to reduce a vacuum waiting time during processing photo‐resist wafers. This improvement achieved to reduce process time by 40% for a specific recipe. Furthermore, a modified Indirectly Heated Cathode with electron active Reflection 2 (IHC‐R2) ion source which has a long life time filament has been installed. These new elements and/or functions have realized typically 25% improvement of productivity compared to standard EXCEED, and also improve a precise implantation capability.
Using dwell time as an implicit measure of usefulness in different task types (2011)

Abstract In this study, we attempted to use dwell time on content pages as a predictor of document usefulness, and evaluated the prediction performance in different types of tasks. A user study was conducted to address this research problem. A total of 32 participants conducted searches associated with 4 different tasks, varying along several task type dimensions. In the study, participants were asked to save documents that were useful for the tasks during the searches. Participants' information‐seeking activities were recorded. Using the logged dataset, we used the recursive partitioning method to identify the best threshold (cutoff point) of dwell time to predict which pages would be useful, i.e., be saved by the users. We examined the differences in the threshold and compared the prediction performance for each type of task. Our results indicate that the threshold should be developed according to the type of task users are working on. While the prediction performance using dwell time as the only indicator of document usefulness is acceptable for Factual tasks, it is not good for Intellectual tasks. Our results have implications on IR system design.
A Case of Erythema Nodosum Associated withMycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection: Pathologic Findings and a Presumed Pathogenesis (2016)

결절성 홍반은 소아에서 가장 흔한 피하지방층의 염증으로 하지의 압통을 동반한 결절을 특징으로 한다. 이 질환은 다양한 원인에 의해 발생되지만 공통된 조직소견을 보여준다. 저자들은 임상적 소견 및혈청학적 방법으로 마이코플라즈마 폐렴균에 의한 결절성 홍반을 진단하였고 조직병리적인 접근을 통해 결절성 홍반의 면역병인에 대해 고찰해 보았다. 조직병리소견은 제 4형 면역반응 염증을 보였으며 이는 다양한 원인에 의한 결절성 홍반의 발생 기전을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.
RETRACTED: Data mining-based model for motion target trajectory prediction (2019)

Due to the increased development and applications of satellite communication, GPS equipment, video tracking and other communication technologies, the trajectory prediction of various SIs can be accurately predicted and tracked. Based on these technologies, mobile targets are extensively used in man y applications. A large amount of trajectory data predicted by trajectory can be collected from the positioning terminal of the moving target by the signal-receiving device. This paper analyzes the application of computer technology in trajectory prediction of moving objects in data mining algorithm and proposes a trajectory analysis method based on structure and cloud computing motion capture algorithm. The motion and trajectory characteristics of moving target trajectories are analyzed from microcosmic angle. By comparing the structural features of the extracted trajectory and the trajectory predicted by the trajectory of the moving object, the motion characteristics of the object can be analyzed more comprehensively. In addition, the sensitivity of the trajectory structure can be flexibly adjusted by setting the weight of the trajectory structure, so that the trajectory of the moving target can be analyzed and predicted in an effective and flexible way.
Distributed Fiber Optic pH Sensor for the Application in the Wellbores (2021)

Presented by NETL at 235th ECS Meeting 05/19
Glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro: antagonist pharmacology and intracellular calcium concentrations (1990)

There is now convincing evidence that excessive accumulation of the excitatory amino acid glutamate (GLU) in the extracellular space is toxic to central mammalian neurons. However, the role of different GLU receptors in producing this toxicity has not been adequately ascertained. There is also no adequate information about the correlation of free intracellular calcium concentration with eventual excitotoxic death. We have used cultured rat hippocampal neurons to address these issues. Approximately 75% of our neurons died after a 20-min GLU exposure. The potent kainate/quisqualate receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione did not significantly ameliorate the GLU toxicity, while the selective noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist methyl-10,11-dihydro-5-H-dibenzocyclohepten-5,10-imine (MK-801) blocked the GLU toxicity for periods of at least 2 hr. Interestingly, kainate was very toxic to the hippocampal neurons, but this toxicity was markedly attenuated by MK-801. These results suggest that the major toxicity of GLU is mediated by NMDA receptors and that under some conditions kainate toxicity reflects nonspecific opening of NMDA channels. The intracellular calcium concentrations in these neurons at the end of exposure to GLU and kainate (in the presence and absence of different antagonists) correlated poorly with eventual survival. Antagonists that limited the rise in calcium were still ineffective in preventing death. These results confirm earlier observations that stressed the importance of NMDA receptors in mediating GLU toxicity. However, they indicate that the relationship between toxicity and neuronal calcium concentration may be very complicated. An unexpected finding of these experiments was that MK-801, unlike competitive antagonists of GLU, elevated intracellular calcium.
Studies on carcinogenesis by avian sarcoma viruses: VIII. Glycolysis and cell multiplication (1968)

Abstract Glycolysis and multiplication were studied in parallel cultures of uninfected and of avian sarcoma virus‐converted chicken and duck cells. It was found that:. 1. In cultures where the amount of serum was limiting for cell multiplication, converted cells multiplied more and glycolyzed more than did uninfected cells. In both types of cultures, the relationship between the rates of glycolysis and of multiplication per culture was similar. 2. In cultures with excess serum and other nutrients, converted cells and uninfected cells multiplied and glycolyzed at the same rate.
Poliovirus 2Apro expression inhibits growth of yeast cells (1995)

Poliovirus encodes two proteases, 2Apro and 3Cpro that participate in the processing of the viral polyprotein and cleave a number of host proteins. Both proteases have been cloned and expressed in an inducible manner in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The expression of 2Apro, but not 3Cpro, was highly toxic for yeast cells such that growth was arrested after 5 h of induction and cell survival sharply declined. Cellular morphology was profoundly modified by expression of poliovirus 2Apro, in such a way that electron dense granules and autophagosomic bodies arise in the cytoplasm. Experiments aimed at defining the yeast function affected by 2Apro suggested that translation was not the target of protease toxicity, but showed that RNA synthesis was profoundly blocked.
Theories of Ethnic Humor: How to Enter, Laughing (1986)

ETHNIC HUMOR HAS ALWAYS FORMED A SIGNIFICANT PART OF THE WORLD OF American folklore and culture, partly because it provides pleasure, and partly because of its connection with mythical concepts of aggression, struggle, and our national passion play and ritual, Americanization. 1 Humor, moreover, is absolutely central to our conception of the world. Despite this fact, we tend to become suddenly solemn when we begin to write, particularly for scholarly journals and books. To be funny indicates a lack of seriousness. Perhaps for this reason, histories and studies of ethnicity, assimilation, and ethnic literature have frequently ignored a vital aspect of their subject; for although minorities have often entered into full citizenship through long and arduous struggle, this procedure has sometimes been both shortened and sweetened when they have made up their minds to enter laughing-using the more delightful aspects of ethnic-generated humor to win friends, acceptance, and material success. This happens in spite of, and in reaction to, the darker, better-known side of ethnic humor: jokes directed against the out-group by the in-group, or by one out-group against another, or self-deprecating jokes told by members of the group itself.
The Impact of Forming Temperature and Voltage on the Reliability of Filamentary RRAM (2019)

The forming voltage and temperature for creating the first filament in the RRAM device are found having impacts on RRAM reliability. The correlation between the forming temperature and the required voltage was evaluated on the WOx/TiOx RRAM devices, and then the reliability tests including cycling endurance and data retention were performed. A model was proposed to explain the results.
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, our expanding global mission (2001)

Editor, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA
Angioplasty in the diabetic patient. (2004)

Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of coronary artery disease, and are at an increased risk of mortality and morbidity with coronary revascularization procedures. This article provides a review of the currently available information on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the diabetic patient. The effectiveness of PCI in diabetes is discussed, and the factors that may influence outcomes are explored. Recent developments in PCI procedures, such as stents and drug-eluting stents, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and brachytherapy, are evaluated in terms of their ability to improve the prognosis in this patient group.
Using Bayesian network for fault location on distribution feeder (2002)

The Bayesian network is a probabilistic graphical model in which a problem is structured as a set of variables (parameters) and probabilistic relationships among them. The Bayesian network has been effectively used to incorporate expert knowledge and historical data for revising the prior belief in the light of new evidence in many fields. However, little research has been done to apply a Bayesian network for fault location in power delivery system. We construct a Bayesian network on the basis of expert knowledge and historical data for fault diagnosis on a distribution feeder in Taiwan. The experimental results validate the practical viability of the proposed approach.
Paracrinology of growth regulation. (1991)

Embryonic and fetal growth is dependent on genetic factors and epigenetic factors such as peptide growth factors. We describe here the interactions of several peptide growth factors during the growth and function of two cell types, growth plate chondrocytes from the ovine fetus and astroglial cells from the newborn rat cerebral cortex. Isolated chondrocytes released two endogenous growth factors, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and insulin-like growth factor II (IGF II). Although the latter was released in greater abundance, as detected by radioimmunoassay, exogenous bFGF was more than a thousand fold more active as a mitogen. Insulin was also able to increase chondrocyte replication at physiological concentrations, and bFGF, insulin and IGFs were additive in their effects on DNA and protein synthesis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), which is abundant in bone, had little effect on chondrocyte DNA or total protein synthesis alone, but blocked the stimulatory actions of insulin and IGFs on these parameters. However, TGF beta when alone or in combination caused an increase in the collagen: non collagenous protein ratio of new proteins synthesized by chondrocytes. Adult rat brain is a rich source of IGF II, and both IGF I and II are present during neurogenesis and gliagenesis in the fetal and neonatal rat respectively. We have cultured astroglial cells isolated from neonatal rat cerebral cortex to examine the production and interaction of peptide growth factors during their growth. Isolated astroglial cells contained mRNAs encoding both IGF I and II but abundance was not regulated by other hormones or growth factors. Using affinity cross-linking we found that cultured cells also released two species of IGF binding protein (IGF-BP) of 33 kDa and 38 kDa. Northern blot analysis using homologous cDNA probes showed that astroglial cells expressed IGF-BP2 and BP3, but little BP1. Both IGF I and II were mitogenic for astroglial cells, as was insulin at physiologic concentrations. Exogenous IGF-BP2 was able to modulate the mitogenic actions of exogenous IGF I. These two very different cell models show many similarities of endogenous growth control. Both release IGFs and IGF-BPs which regulate mitogenic rate. In addition, in both insulin functions as a growth factor at physiologic concentrations. These findings suggest common principles governing embryonic and fetal growth and development. Studies have shown that fetal and neonatal growth is independent of regulation by classic hormones (e.g. growth hormones) synthesized by the mother or the fetus. It is believed that embryonic and fetal growth is controlled by two major mechanisms, namely, (i) the genetic factors as determined by the embryonic and fetal genome, and (ii) the epigenetic and environmental factors that alter the expression of the embryonic or fetal genome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The Measurement of Radiation Exposure of Astronauts by Radiochemical Techniques: January 3, 1972 through April 2, 1972 (1972)

Only two of the fecal specimens collected inflight during the Apollo 15 mission were returned for analysis. Difficulty in obtaining reasonably accurate radiation dose estimates based on the cosmogenic radionuclide content of the specimens was encountered due to the limited sampling. The concentrations of <sup>22</sup>Na, <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>51</sup>Cr, <sup>59</sup>Fe, and <sup>137</sup>Cs are reported. The concentrations of 24 major, minor, and trace elements in these two specimens were determined. Most concentrations are typical of those observed previously. Major exceptions are extremely low values for selenium and extraordinarily high values for rare earth elements. The net <sup>210</sup>Po activities in the Apollo 11 and 12 Solar Wind Composition foils and in the Apollo 8 and 12 spacecraft reflective coatings due to lunar exposure have been determined. Equilibrium concentrations of 0.082 ± 0.012 disintegrations cm<sup>-2</sup> sec<sup>-1</sup> of <sup>222</sup>Rn in the lunar atmosphere and 0.0238 ± 0.0035 disintegrations cm<sup>-2</sup> sec<sup>-1</sup> of <sup>210</sup>Po on the lunar surface have been calculated for Oceanus Procellarum. A summary of a paper entitled, "Radon-222 Activity at Oceanus Procellarum," and the text of a manuscript entitled, "Radon-222 in the Lunar Atmosphere" are included as appendices.
Fundamental parallel algorithms for private-cache chip multiprocessors (2008)

In this paper, we study parallel algorithms for private-cache chip multiprocessors (CMPs), focusing on methods for foundational problems that are scalable with the number of cores. By focusing on private-cache CMPs, we show that we can design efficient algorithms that need no additional assumptions about the way cores are interconnected, for we assume that all inter-processor communication occurs through the memory hierarchy. We study several fundamental problems, including prefix sums, selection, and sorting, which often form the building blocks of other parallel algorithms. Indeed, we present two sorting algorithms, a distribution sort and a mergesort. Our algorithms are asymptotically optimal in terms of parallel cache accesses and space complexity under reasonable assumptions about the relationships between the number of processors, the size of memory, and the size of cache blocks. In addition, we study sorting lower bounds in a computational model, which we call the parallel external-memory (PEM) model, that formalizes the essential properties of our algorithms for private-cache CMPs.
KCC3 axonopathy: neuropathological features in the central and peripheral nervous system (2016)

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum (HMSN/ACC) is an autosomal recessive disease of the central and peripheral nervous system that presents as early-onset polyneuropathy. Patients are hypotonic and areflexic from birth, with abnormal facial features and atrophic muscles. Progressive peripheral neuropathy eventually confines them to a wheelchair in the second decade of life, and death occurs by the fourth decade. We here define the neuropathologic features of the disease in autopsy tissues from eight cases. Both developmental and neurodegenerative features were found. Hypoplasia or absence of the major telencephalic commissures and a hypoplasia of corticospinal tracts to half the normal size, were the major neurodevelopmental defects we observed. Despite being a neurodegenerative disease, preservation of brain weight and a conspicuous absence of neuronal or glial cell death were signal features of this disease. Small tumor-like overgrowths of axons, termed axonomas, were found in the central and peripheral nervous system, indicating attempted axonal regeneration. We conclude that the neurodegenerative deficits in HMSN/ACC are primarily caused by an axonopathy superimposed upon abnormal development, affecting peripheral but also central nervous system axons, all ultimately because of a genetic defect in the axonal cotransporter KCC3.
Differential Scanning Fluorimetry for Monitoring RNA Stability (2015)

Cellular RNA function is closely linked to RNA structure. It is therefore imperative to develop methods that report on structural stability of RNA and how it is modulated by binding of ions, other osmolytes, and RNA-binding ligands. Here, we present a novel method to analyze the stability of virtually any structured RNA in a highly parallel fashion. This method can easily determine the influence of various additives on RNA stability, and even characterize ligand-induced stabilization of riboswitch RNA. Current approaches to assess RNA stability include thermal melting profiles (absorption or circular dichroism) and differential scanning calorimetry. These techniques, however, require a substantial amount of material and cannot be significantly parallelized. Current fluorescence spectroscopic methods rely on intercalating dyes, which alter the stability of RNA. We employ the commercial fluorescent dye RiboGreen, which discriminates between single-stranded (or unstructured regions) and double-stranded RNA. Binding leads to an increase in fluorescence quantum yield, and thus reports structural changes by a change in fluorescence intensity.
Electrophoresis‐Assisted Multilayer Assembly of Nanoparticles for Sensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay** (2022)

Abstract Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a rapid, simple, and inexpensive point‐of‐need method. A major limitation of LFIA is a high limit of detection (LOD), which impacts its diagnostic sensitivity. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a signal‐enhancement procedure that is performed after completing LFIA and involves controllably moving biotin‐ and streptavidin‐functionalized gold nanoparticles by electrophoresis. The nanoparticles link to immunocomplexes forming multilayer aggregates on the test strip, thus, enhancing the signal. Here, we demonstrate lowering the LOD of hepatitis B surface antigen from approximately 8 to 0.12 ng mL −1 , making it clinically acceptable. Testing 118 clinical samples for hepatitis B showed that signal enhancement increased the diagnostic sensitivity of LFIA from 73 % to 98 % while not affecting its 95 % specificity. Electrophoresis‐driven enhancement of LFIA is universal (antigen‐independent), takes two minutes, and can be performed by an untrained person.
QUANTUM EFFICIENCIES OF FLUORESCENCE OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES: EFFECT OF SOLVENT AND CONCENTRATION OF THE FLUORESCENT SOLUTE1 (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQUANTUM EFFICIENCIES OF FLUORESCENCE OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES: EFFECT OF SOLVENT AND CONCENTRATION OF THE FLUORESCENT SOLUTE1W. H. MelhuishCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 2, 229–235Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100820a009https://doi.org/10.1021/j100820a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7320Altmetric-Citations1638LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts