gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pH-Responsive Vesicles Based on a Hydrolytically Self-Cross-Linkable Copolymer (2005)

A new type of shape-persistent, pH-responsive vesicle was prepared by the self-assembly of a novel poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-stat-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate], PEO-b-P(DEA-stat-TMSPMA), copolymer. Vesicles were formed spontaneously in aqueous THF solution, with the hydrophilic PEO chains forming the corona and the pH-sensitive P(DEA-stat-TMSPMA) blocks being located in the membrane walls. Hydrolytic cross-linking within the hydrophobic membrane walls fixed the vesicle morphology. The resulting colloidally stable vesicles were characterized by 1H NMR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic laser light scattering (DLS), and stopped-flow fluorescence experiments. The latter technique indicated that the permeability of the vesicle walls was sensitive to the pH of the aqueous solution, as expected. Gold-decorated vesicles were obtained by in situ reduction of AuCl4- anions to produce gold nanoparticles within the vesicle walls. (Yellow, hydrophilic PEO; green, pH-responsive DEA residues; blue, hydrolytically self-cross-linkable TMSPMA residues.)
Load-Balanced and Energy-Efficient Coverage of Dispersed Events Using Mobile Sensor/Actuator Nodes (2015)

We consider networks where mobile sensor/actor nodes move to specific locations in order to conduct data collection or deliver a response to an event. The challenge is to find the best tour for the mobile nodes in order to visit the given set of locations. In this paper, the objective of the optimization is to extend the node lifetime by emphasizing both path efficiency and balanced energy consumption when identifying and assigning tours to mobile nodes. Compared to existing schemes in the literature, we consider the initial position of mobile sensors when determining the tours. We formulate the optimization as a balanced multi-salesman travel problem and propose a solution based on a two-step approach. First, we determine the shortest tour that includes all event locations by forming the Hamiltonian cycle. Then, we formulate the optimal partitioning of such a cycle as a linear program (LP) where the objective is to reduce the tour length while minimizing the maximum tour a node has to be make. For scalability and to expedite convergence, we propose a method for solving the LP formulation based on Branch & Price algorithm. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of our optimization formulation and the advantage of our solution compared to competing schemes.
Bridging the Gap between H- and J-Aggregates: Classification and Supramolecular Tunability for Excitonic Band Structures in 2-Dimensional Molecular Aggregates (2021)

Molecular aggregates with long-range excitonic couplings have drastically different photophysical properties compared to their monomer counterparts. From Kasha’s model for 1-dimensional systems, positive or negative excitonic couplings lead to blue or red shifted optical spectra with respect to the monomers, labelled H-and J-aggregates respectively. The overall excitonic couplings in higher dimensional systems are much more complicated and cannot be simply classified from their spectral shifts alone. Here, we provide a unified classification for extended 2D aggregates using temperature dependent peak shifts, thermal broadening and quantum yields. We discuss the examples of six 2D aggregates with J-like absorption spectra but quite drastic changes quantum yields and superradiance. We find the origin of the differences is, in fact, a different excitonic band structure where the bright state is lower energy than the monomer but still away from the band edge. We call this an ‘I-aggregate’. Our results provide a description of the complex excitonic behaviors that cannot be explained solely on Kasha’s model. Further, such properties can be tuned with the packing geometries within the aggregates providing supramolecular pathways for controlling them. This will allow for precise optimizations of aggregate properties in their applications across the areas of optoelectronics, photonics, excitonic energy transfer, and shortwave infrared technologies.
One Pot Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)‐Phenylglycinol from Racemic Styrene Oxide via Cascade Biocatalysis (2019)

Abstract ( R )‐Phenylglycinol is an important chiral building block for pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry, and its efficient synthesis from cheap and commercially available starting materials is challenging and highly desirable. Herein, a new three‐step one‐pot cascade system employing epoxide hydrolase, glycerol dehydrogenase, and ω‐transaminase was designed for the asymmetric synthesis of ( R )‐phenylglycinol from racemic styrene oxide. A cofactor self‐sufficient system employing AlaDH/L−Ala was utilized for the regeneration of expensive cofactor NAD + and removal of by‐product pyruvate. Furthermore, in situ product removal by cation resin adsorption was used to drive the thermodynamic equilibrium of the cascade reaction to the direction of product generation. Finally, optically pure ( R )‐phenylglycinol was successfully produced from racemic styrene oxide with high yield (81.9 %) and excellent enantioselectivity (99 % ee ).
APPLICATIONS OF A NON-PERMSELECTIVE, CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE MEMBRANE, A MODEL STUDY (1998)

Abstract A theoretical investigation has been presented for applications and features of a non-permselective, catalytic membrane reactor with separated feed of reactors [12-14, 17, 18]. Transmembrane fluxes were calculated from the dusty gas model as a function of a great number of parameters and operation conditions. This study shows that the non-permselective, catalytic membrane reactor with separated feed of reactants (CMRSR) has attractive features to use this reactor in fast and highly exothermic reactions and selectivity improvement in multiple reactions. When the CMRSR is operated in the transport controlled regime, the process is easy to control and even possesses some self-controllability. Due to the transport conversion, thermal runaway cannot occur which allows operation with concentrated feed of reactants. Furthermore, a transmembrane pressure difference increases both the fluxes and the selectivity, because the reaction products are preferentially directed towards one side of the membrane. The simultaneous increase of both selectivity and fluxes is a remarkable feature of a CMRSR which is in contrast with conventional reactors.
Overexpressed Cyclophilin A in Cancer Cells Renders Resistance to Hypoxia- and Cisplatin-Induced Cell Death (2007)

Cyclophilin A (CypA) has been reported to be overexpressed in cancer cells, especially in solid tumors. To determine the role of CypA in tumorigenesis, we investigated the induction of CypA as well as the role it plays in cancer cells. Here, we have shown that induction of CypA is associated with hypoxia in a variety of cells, including DU145 human prostate cancer cell line. Our analysis of the CypA promoter clearly showed that CypA up-regulation is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha transcription factor. Interestingly, overexpression of CypA prevented hypoxia- and cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and this was associated with the suppression of reactive oxygen species generation and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas small interfering RNA-based CypA knockdown aggravated these factors. These results suggest that CypA is important in tumorigenesis, especially in tumor apoptosis.
The impact analysis task in software maintenance: a model and a case study (1994)

If better tools are to be developed to support the impact analysis task, greater clarity is needed about the exact nature of that task. This paper presents a definition of impact analysis and distinguishes between impact analysis and program understanding. Impact analysis is a necessarily approximate technique which must focus on the cost-effective minimization of unwanted side-effects. A key to effectiveness would be a way of precisely describing the semantics of each software change. A general model of software impacts is presented that uses flexible declarative propagation rules to describe the way software objects affect each other. Preliminary versions of the model have been implemented in an impact analysis system. A small case study was performed to gain experience in applying the model as part of a software change process. Recommendations are made for impact analysis tool support and for further research directions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Atrial fibrillation ablation success defined by duration of recurrence on cardiac implantable electronic devices (2020)

In this real-world data set of AF patients with CIEDs undergoing catheter ablation, treatment success varied substantially with different definitions of minimally required AF duration and is significantly impacted by the method of recurrence detection.
Reductive solvolysis of dimethylindenylsilane: evidence for a two-step mechanism (1973)

P. E. Rakita and F. Wang, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1973, 533 DOI: 10.1039/C39730000533
Design of a Voice-Coil Actuator for Optical Image Stabilization Based on Genetic Algorithm (2009)

In this paper, a design method based on genetic algorithm is proposed. Proposed design method is useful for inexperienced engineers to select a concept design and it also offers optimized result. A voice-coil actuator for optical image stabilization system in mobile phone camera is designed by using this method. To reduce the size, the optical image stabilization system is integrated with auto-focusing module and the Hall Effect sensor shares a magnet with a voice-coil. Combined electromagnetic analysis is used to reduce computing time. The final design from genetic algorithm is fabricated and verified experimentally. Experiment result shows that combined electromagnetic analysis is reliable and the final design has good performance.
Host–Guest Antenna Materials (2003)

The focus of this review is on host-guest composites with photonic antenna properties. The material generally consists of cylindrical zeolite L crystals the channels of which are filled with dye molecules. The synthesis is based on the fact that molecules can diffuse into individual channels. This means that, under the appropriate conditions, they can also leave the zeolite by the same way. In some cases, however, it is desirable to block their way out by adding a closure molecule. Functionalization of the closure molecules allows tuning of, for example, wettability, refractive index, and chemical reactivity. The supramolecular organization of the dyes inside the channels is a first stage of organization. It allows light harvesting within a certain volume of a dye-loaded nanocrystalline zeolite and radiationless transport to both ends of the cylinder or from the ends to the center. The second stage of organization is the coupling to an external acceptor or donor stopcock fluorophore at the ends of the channels, which can trap or inject electronic excitation energy. The third stage of organization is the coupling to an external device through a stopcock molecule. The wide-ranging tunability of these highly organized materials offers fascinating new possibilities for exploring excitation-energy-transfer phenomena, and challenges for developing new photonic devices.
In Vitro synthesis of an infectious viroid: Analysis of the infectivity of monomeric linear CEV (1992)

Infectious monomers of citrus exocortis viroid (CEV) were synthesized in vitro precisely to predetermined sequences in microgram quantities without resorting to cloning procedures. Amplification of CEV double-stranded cDNAs fused with a T7 RNA polymerase promoter was followed by transcription of the DNA resulting in the production of an infectious linear CEV monomer. This is the first demonstration of an infectious unit length viroid synthesized in vitro. Transcripts containing 3'-OH terminal groups were infectious, demonstrating that a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate terminus is not a prerequisite for viroid infectivity as previously suggested. Conversion of the 5'-triphosphate terminus to either 5'-monophosphate or 5'-OH had little effect on infectivity. The linear RNA could be circularized using T4 RNA ligase to produce an authentic CEV molecule. This procedure, which results in the production of biologically active RNA, would allow routine application of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis to the study of viroids and other circular RNAs. It would also enable the in vitro synthesis and mutagenesis of infectious viral RNAs containing a 5'-G residue.
Solid Acids for Green Chemistry (2002)

Solid acids and especially those based on micelle-templated silicas and other mesoporous high surface area support materials are beginning to play a significant role in the greening of fine and specialty chemicals manufacturing processes. A wide range of important organic reactions can be efficiently catalyzed by these materials, which can be designed to provide different types of acidity as well as high degrees of reaction selectivity. The solid acids generally have high turnover numbers and can be easily separated from the organic components. The combination of this chemistry with innovative reaction engineering offers exciting opportunities for innovative green chemical manufacturing in the future.
Mechanistic Determination Using Arrays of Variable-Sized Channel Microband Electrodes:  The Oxidation of Ascorbic Acid in Aqueous Solution (1998)

“Two-dimensional voltammetry” using arrays of variable-sized gold channel microband electrodes in combination with variable flow rate measurements together with independent gold rotating disk electrode (RDE) data is applied to characterize the oxidation mechanism of l-ascorbic acid (AH2) to dehydro-l-ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions. At pH 2.1 and very low mass transport conditions the reaction is consistent with a CECE mechanism, while at higher mass transport conditions an ECfastCE mechanism is followed. At pH 6.7, the results are again consistent with an ECE mechanism. The following mechanism is proposed: AH2 ⇌ AH- + H+ (kCEE), AH- → AH• + e, AH• → A• - + H+ (kECE), A• - → A + e (CECE); AH2 ⇌ AH2+ + e, AH2+ → AH• + H+(fast), AH• → A• - + H+ (kECE), A• - → A + e (ECfastCE); where, only the first pathway applies at pH 6.7, AH- being the starting species. Values of 3.4 × 103 s-1 and 500 s-1 are found for the rate constants kCEE and kECE, respectively.
Clinical implications of carcinoembryonic antigen distribution in serum exosomal fraction—Measurement by ELISA (2017)

We optimized an easy and rapid detection method for assessment of serum exosomal CEA. The thawing temperature of frozen serum prior to exosome extraction, the formulation of the assay buffer used for exosome solubilization and the concentration of the exosomes in this buffer were fine-tuned to enable the appropriate and accurate measurement of serum exosomal CEA.
Photocrosslinking polymeric ionic liquids via anthracene cycloaddition for organic electronics (2018)

Polymeric ionic liquids are photocrosslinked without changing the ionic conductivity. This enables the simple processing necessary for fabrication of organic electronics.
Progress in Soft-Decision FEC (2011)

We discuss the practical implementation of LDPC codes in soft-decision FEC for 100 Gb/s digital coherent systems. The question of the definition of net coding gain for differential QPSK used to avoid cycle slip is raised.
Optimal wide area controller and state predictor for a power system (2008)

An optimal wide area controller is designed in this paper for a 12-bus power system together with a static compensator (STATCOM). The controller provides auxiliary reference signals for the automatic voltage regulators (AVR) of the generators as well as the line voltage controller of the STATCOM in such a way that it improves the clamping of the rotor speed deviations of the synchronous machines. Adaptive critic designs theory is used to implement the controller and enable it to provide nonlinear optimal control over the infinite horizon time of the problem and at different operating conditions of the power system. Simulation results are provided to indicate that the proposed wide area controller improves the damping of the rotor speed deviations of the generators during large scale disturbances. Moreover, a robust radial basis function network based identifier is presented in this paper to predict the states of a multimachine power system in real-time. This wide area state predictor (WASP) compensates for transport lags associated with the present communication technology for wide area monitoring of the electric power grid. The WASP is also robust to partial loss of information caused by larger than expected transport lags or even failed sensors throughout the network.
A capillary-based microfluidic device enables primary high-throughput room-temperature crystallographic screening (2021)

A novel capillary-based microfluidic strategy to accelerate the process of small-molecule-compound screening by room-temperature X-ray crystallography using protein crystals is reported. The ultra-thin microfluidic devices are composed of a UV-curable polymer, patterned by cleanroom photolithography, and have nine capillary channels per chip. The chip was designed for ease of sample manipulation, sample stability and minimal X-ray background. 3D-printed frames and cassettes conforming to SBS standards are used to house the capillary chips, providing additional mechanical stability and compatibility with automated liquid- and sample-handling robotics. These devices enable an innovative <i>in situ</i> crystal-soaking screening workflow, akin to high-throughput compound screening, such that quantitative electron density maps sufficient to determine weak binding events are efficiently obtained. This work paves the way for adopting a room-temperature microfluidics-based sample delivery method at synchrotron sources to facilitate high-throughput protein-crystallography-based screening of compounds at high concentration with the aim of discovering novel binding events in an automated manner.
Fully-Automated Power Line Extraction from Airborne Laser Scanning Point Clouds in Forest Areas (2014)

High-voltage power lines can be quite easily mapped using laser scanning data, because vegetation close to high-voltage lines is typically removed and also because the power lines are located higher off the ground in contrast to regional networks and lower voltage networks. On the contrary, lower voltage power lines are located in the middle of dense forests, and it is difficult to classify power lines in such an environment. This paper proposes an automated power line detection method for forest environments. Our method was developed based on statistical analysis and 2D image-based processing technology. During the process of statistical analysis, a set of criteria (e.g., height criteria, density criteria and histogram thresholds) is applied for selecting the candidates for power lines. After transforming the candidates to a binary image, image-based processing technology is employed. Object geometric properties are considered as criteria for power line detection. This method was conducted in six sets of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data from different forest environments. By comparison with reference data, 93.26% of power line points were correctly classified. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods were analyzed and discussed.
Statistics on the multi-colored permutation groups (2006)

We define an excedance number for the multi-colored permutation group, i.e. the wreath product of Z_{r_1} x ... x Z_{r_k} with S_n, and calculate its multi-distribution with some natural parameters. We also compute the multi-distribution of the parameters exc(pi) and fix(pi) over the sets of involutions in the multi-colored permutation group. Using this, we count the number of involutions in this group having a fixed number of excedances and absolute fixed points.
Sequencing with Series-Parallel Precedence Constraints (1979)

One of the most important ideas in the theory of sequencing and scheduling is the method of adjacent pairwise job interchange. This method compares the costs of two sequences which differ only by interchanging a pair of adjacent jobs. In 1956, W. E. Smith defined a class of problems for which a total preference ordering of the jobs exists with the property that in any sequence, whenever two adjacent jobs are not in preference order, they may be interchanged with no resultant cost increase. In such a case the unconstrained sequencing problem is easily solved by sequencing the jobs in preference order. In this paper, a natural subclass of these problems is considered for which such a total preference ordering exists for all subsequences of jobs. The main result is an efficient general algorithm for these sequencing problems with series-parallel precedence constraints. These problems include the least cost fault detection problem, the one-machine total weighted completion time problem, the two-machine maximum completion time flow-shop problem and the maximum cumulative cost problem.
A Broadly Applicable Method for Characterizing the Slope of the Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Amplitude Growth Function (2021)

The novel slope-fitting method presented in this study addressed the limitations of the other methods reported in the literature and successfully characterized the slope of the eCAP AGF for various animal models and CI patient populations. This method may be useful for researchers in conducting scientific studies and for clinicians in providing clinical care for CI users.
HEMIPELVECTOMY AND HIP DISARTICULATION FOR MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE PELVIS AND LOWER EXTREMITY (1953)

DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI, THE SURGICAL SERVICES OF THE CINCINNATI GENERAL HOSPITAL AND THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION CENTER (EDWIN F. BROWN HOSPITAL), DAYTON, OHIO
Loss of CC3/TIP30 allows tumor cells to cope with low glucose (2011)

Comment on: Chen V, et al. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:4941-4953.
Identification of DHX33 as a Mediator of rRNA Synthesis and Cell Growth (2011)

In this report, we employed a lentiviral RNA interference screen to discover nucleolar DEAD/DEAH-box helicases involved in RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-mediated transcriptional activity. Our screen identified DHX33 as an important modulator of 47S rRNA transcription. We show that DHX33 is a cell cycle-regulated nucleolar protein that associates with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci, where it interacts with the RNA Pol I transcription factor upstream binding factor (UBF). DHX33 knockdown decreased the association of Pol I with rDNA and caused a dramatic decrease in levels of rRNA synthesis. Wild-type DHX33 overexpression, but not a DNA binding-defective mutant, enhanced 47S rRNA synthesis by promoting the association of RNA polymerase I with rDNA loci. In addition, an NTPase-defective DHX33 mutant (K94R) acted as a dominant negative mutant, inhibiting endogenous rRNA synthesis. Moreover, DHX33 deficiency in primary human fibroblasts triggered a nucleolar p53 stress response, resulting in an attenuation of proliferation. Thus, we show the mechanistic importance of DHX33 in rRNA transcription and proliferation.