gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Phenoxyamine Magnesium Catalyst for the Enantioselective Hydroamination/Cyclization of Aminoalkenes and Intermolecular Hydroamination of Vinyl Arenes. (2012)

Abstract The new chiral magnesium complex (I) catalyzes intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization reactions of several aminoalkenes (II) giving the corresponding pyrrole derivatives (III) with high enantioselectivities.
DESIGN, FABRICATION, TESTING, AND INSTALLATION OF A PRESS-LAM BRIDGE. FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH PAPER (1979)

Parallel laminated veneer (PLV) products are manufactured by adhesive bonding of rotary-peeled veneer. It has been estimated that a production line PLV process could convert green logs into a finished structural laminate in less than an hour. Press-Lam, a PLV product under investigation at the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, has exhibited decreases in variability of mechanical properties and increases in chemical preservative penetration and retention when compared to solid-sawn lumber. A prototype highway bridge constructed entirely of Press-Lam has been erected by the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation. This bridge was field tested to its AASHTO HS-20 design load. Preliminary allowable stresses were determined by data obtained from destructive laboratory tests on 18 full-scale stringers and 6 sections of decking made from Douglas-fir Press-Lam. In the face of dwindling supplies of large structural timbers, PLV products are attractive alternatives for exposed structural applications. (Author)
Express Virtual Channels with Capacitively Driven Global Links (2009)

Networks on chip must deliver high bandwidth at low latencies while keeping within a tight power envelope. Using express virtual channels for flow control improves energy-delay throughput by letting packets bypass intermediate routers, but EVCS have key limitations. Nochi (NoC with hybrid interconnect) overcomes these limitations by transporting data payloads and control information on separate planes, optimized for bandwidth and latency respectively.
Prediction of minimal residual viremia in HCV type 1 infected patients receiving interferon-based therapy (2013)

Early viral kinetics, baseline viremia and fibrosis stage are important tools to predict persistent minimal viremia during interferon-based therapy. The data have implications for designing a more refined treatment strategy in HCV infection, even in the setting of protease inhibitor-based triple treatment.
Astroviruses in Polish Commercial Turkey Farms in 2009–2012 (2014)

Avian astrovirus infections are widespread in many countries, and infections have been connected with enteritis and increased mortality in young birds. In the present study, fecal samples were collected during 2009-2012 from a total of 156 meat turkey flocks. Astrovirus presence and type differentiation was performed with the use of two molecular diagnostic approaches. Out of 156 flocks, 48.7% were found to be TAstV positive. Depending on the method used for type differentiation, TAstV-2 and TAstV-1 prevalence was between 31.4%-41% and 9.6%-15.4%, respectively. No avian nephritis virus was detected. About 30% of astrovirus-positive flocks were infected with both types of TAstV. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial polymerase gene sequence revealed the genetic variability of isolated TAstV, and most of the detected TAstV-2 belonged to the European lineage of astroviruses. Statistical analysis suggested the positive but weak correlation between the presence of astrovirus and health status (slightly more frequent detection of TAstV in sick, diarrheic birds) and also negative medium correlation between age and astrovirus occurrence.
Associations of a Healthy Lifestyle Index With the Risks of Endometrial and Ovarian Cancer Among Women in the Women’s Health Initiative Study (2018)

Lifestyle-related factors influence risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers, but few studies have examined their joint associations with risk of these cancers. Using multivariable Cox regression models, we assessed the association of a healthy lifestyle index (HLI-a composite score (range, 0-20) involving diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, and smoking; higher scores represent healthier behavior) with risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers among 108,136 postmenopausal women who were recruited in the US Women's Health Initiative study between 1993 and 1998. After a median follow-up of 17.9 years, 1,435 endometrial cancer cases and 904 ovarian cancer cases had been ascertained. Women in the highest quintile of the HLI score had a lower risk of overall, type I, well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated, and localized endometrial cancer than those in the lowest quintile (for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.72), HR = 0.60 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.72), HR = 0.66 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.96), HR = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.90), HR = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.72), and HR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.74), respectively). The HLI score had a weak positive association with risk of serous ovarian cancer. Our findings underscore the potential importance of a healthy lifestyle in lowering endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women.
Dielectric loss of SrTiO3 single crystals under direct current bias (2000)

The dielectric behavior of SrTiO3 single crystals under high dc electric field (up to 50 kV/cm) is reported in this letter. The rounded dielectric constant peaks are induced by the application of dc bias, and the corresponding dielectric losses are observed. The results show that dielectric loss under dc bias consists of several components coming from “defects mode” and “induced mode.” The field dependence of these modes is studied and their physical nature is discussed.
Flood risk assessment in support of the evaluation and selection of risk mitigation measures (2023)

The purpose of the study is to define how the models available for flood damage assessment in the Italian context can support cost-benefit or multi-criteria analyses of risk mitigation measures, in accordance with current laws and regulations on the subject. On the basis of the present situation in which risk mitigation measures are evaluated mostly according to their capability of reducing the hazard and by considering few simple exposure factors, the study aims at identifying more robust indicators to assess measures effectiveness based on results from flood damage modelling. State of the art flood damage models developed within the context of the project MOVIDA (MOdello per la Valutazione Integrata del Danno Alluvionale &amp;#8211; Model for integrated evaluation of flood damage, https://sites.google.com/view/movida-project) were applied to evaluate the expected damage in several flood prone areas within the Lombardia Region (northern Italy), where mitigation actions are planned by the Regional Authority. Then, obtained results for these areas were analysed to define effectiveness indicators as well as their range of values. Finally, specific indicators were developed to evaluate the environmental impact of each intervention according to present policies to promote sustainable investments in the field of soil protection as well as contribute to achieve Green Deal goals. Results show that developed indicators increase the ability of local authorities in the definition of priorities of intervention, leading to a reduction of institutional and legislative inefficiencies and increasing the efficiency of disaster risk reduction policies.
Regulation of N‐acetylaspartate and N‐acetylaspartylglutamate biosynthesis by protein kinase activators (2006)

The neuronal dipeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is thought to be synthesized enzymatically from N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glutamate. We used radiolabeled precursors to examine NAA and NAAG biosynthesis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells stimulated with activators of protein kinase A (dbcAMP; N6,2'-O-dibutyryl cAMP) and protein kinase C (PMA; phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate). Differentiation over the course of several days with dbcAMP resulted in increased endogenous NAA levels and NAAG synthesis from l-[(3)H]glutamine, whereas PMA-induced differentiation reduced both. Exogenously applied NAA caused dose dependent increases in intracellular NAA levels, and NAAG biosynthesis from l-[(3)H]glutamine, suggesting precursor-product and mass-action relationships between NAA and NAAG. Incorporation of l-[(3)H]aspartate into NAA and NAAG occurred sequentially, appearing in NAA by 1 h, but not in NAAG until between 6 and 24 h. Synthesis of NAAG from l-[(3)H]aspartate was increased by dbcAMP and decreased by PMA at 24 h. The effects of PMA on l-[(3)H]aspartate incorporation into NAA were temporally biphasic. Using short incubation times (1 and 6 h), PMA increased l-[(3)H]aspartate incorporation into NAA, but with longer incubation (24 h), incorporation was significantly reduced. These results suggest that, while the neuronal production of NAA and NAAG are biochemically related, significant differences exist in the regulatory mechanisms controlling their biosynthesis.
Validation of a total IC50 method which enables in vitro assessment of transporter inhibition under semi-physiological conditions (2016)

1. Accurate predictions of clinical transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDI) from in vitro data can be challenging when compounds have poor solubility and/or high nonspecific binding. Additionally, current DDI predictions for compounds with high plasma-protein binding assume that the unbound fraction in plasma is 0.01, if the experimental value is less than 0.01 or cannot be determined. This approach may result in an overestimation of DDI risk. To overcome these challenges, it may be beneficial to conduct inhibition studies under physiologically relevant conditions. 2. Here, IC<sub>50</sub> values, determined in the presence of 4% bovine serum albumin approximating human plasma albumin concentrations, were successfully used to predict DDI for uptake transporters, OATP1B1/1B3, OCT1/2, OAT1/3 and MATE1/2K. 3. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of reference inhibitors with 4% bovine serum albumin, considered total IC<sub>50</sub>, were comparable to the predicted values based on nominal IC<sub>50</sub> values determined under protein-free conditions and unbound fraction in plasma. Calculation of R-total and C<sub>max</sub>/IC<sub>50,total</sub> values using total plasma exposure and total IC<sub>50</sub> values explained the clinical DDI or absence of it for these inhibitors. 4. These results suggest that IC<sub>50</sub> determinations in the presence of 4% albumin can be used, in the context of clinical total exposure, to predict DDI involving uptake transporters.
Absence of microsatellite instability in breast carcinomas with both p53 and c-erbB-2 alterations (1999)

Based on a previous finding that amplification of the c-erbB-2 oncogene and alteration of p53 are strongly associated in most aggressive breast tumours, the present study investigated whether microsatellite instability (MI) might also be associated with this tumour phenotype. Nine polymorphic microsatellite markers, including six dinucleotide, one trinucleotide, and two tetranucleotide repeats, were amplified from paired normal and tumour DNA samples of 15 breast tumours that overexpressed both c-erbB-2 and p53 and of 15 control breast tumours that overexpressed neither protein. All 30 breast tumours analysed exhibited a replication error-negative phenotype, with only one sample showing MI in one of the nine loci. This suggests that the genetic events underlying MI, which are critical in colorectal and gastric tumours, are not involved in the pathogenesis of c-erbB-2/p53 double-altered breast tumours and do not play a central role in breast tumour formation.
Super-resolution 3D Human Shape from a Single Low-Resolution Image (2022)

We propose a novel framework to reconstruct super-resolution human shape from a single low-resolution input image. The approach overcomes limitations of existing approaches that reconstruct 3D human shape from a single image, which require high-resolution images together with auxiliary data such as surface normal or a parametric model to reconstruct high-detail shape. The proposed framework represents the reconstructed shape with a high-detail implicit function. Analogous to the objective of 2D image super-resolution, the approach learns the mapping from a low-resolution shape to its high-resolution counterpart and it is applied to reconstruct 3D shape detail from low-resolution images. The approach is trained end-to-end employing a novel loss function which estimates the information lost between a low and high-resolution representation of the same 3D surface shape. Evaluation for single image reconstruction of clothed people demonstrates that our method achieves high-detail surface reconstruction from low-resolution images without auxiliary data. Extensive experiments show that the proposed approach can estimate super-resolution human geometries with a significantly higher level of detail than that obtained with previous approaches when applied to low-resolution images.
Interferon-Prophylaxe von Dendritica-Rezidiven bei lokaler Steroidtherapie (1978)

Interferon ist ein physiologisches antivirales Protein. In bislang drei virologisch kontrollierten klinischen Studien (Sundmacher et al., 1976; Sundmacher et al., 1977; unveröffentlicht) haben wir nachgewiesen, daß die Keratitis dendritica schneller und komplikationsloser abheilt, wenn man einer schonenden Epithel-abrasio eine lokale Interferon-Behandlung nachfolgen läßt. Interferon verhindert die viralen epithelialen Frührezidive nach Abrasio.
The influence of insurance status on racial disparities in the treatment of African American men with high-risk prostate cancer. (2014)

5091 Background: Treating high-risk prostate cancer (CaP) definitively improves survival. We evaluated whether having health insurance reduces racial disparities in the use of definitive therapy for high risk CaP. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program was used to identify 70,006 men with localized high-risk CaP (PSA > 20 or Gleason 8-10 or stage > cT3a) diagnosed from 2007 – 2010. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze the 64,277 patients with complete data to determine the factors associated with receipt of definitive therapy. Results: Compared to white men, African American (AA) men were significantly less likely to receive definitive treatment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.60; 95% CI 0.56 – 0.64; P < 0.001) after adjusting for sociodemographics and known CaP prognostic factors. There was a significant interaction between race and insurance status (Pinteraction= 0.01) such that among uninsured men, the adjusted OR for definitive treatment for AA vs. white was 0.38 (95% CI 0.27 – 0.54; P < 0.001), but among insured men, the adjusted OR was 0.62 (95% CI 0.57 – 0.66; P<0.001), suggesting that among insured men, there was a reduction in racial disparity between AA and white patients with regards to receipt of definitive therapy. Conclusions: AA men with high-risk CaP were significantly less likely to receive potentially life-saving definitive treatment when compared to white men. Having health insurance was associated with a reduction in this racial treatment disparity, suggesting that expansion of health insurance coverage may help reduce racial disparities in the management of aggressive cancers. Assessment of effect modification between insurance status and race for the outcome of employment of definitive therapy. All men were diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer from 2007 – 2010 (N = 64,277). Characteristic *Multivariable analysis Adjusted OR (95% CI) P-value Interaction for employment of definitive therapy 0.01 Race White 1.47 (1.15 – 1.89) 0.002 African American 2.23 (1.72 – 2.88) < 0.001 *Multivariable analyses are adjusted for age, income, education, residence, cancer stage, and Gleason score.
NEURONAL AND GLIAL SYSTEMS FOR γ‐AMINOBUTYRIC ACID TRANSPORT (1975)

Abstract —The uptake of [2,3‐ 3 H]γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) by bulk prepared neuronal perikarya, nerve endings and glial cells has been studied in an in vitro ‐system. The uptake in the different fractions had a similar dependence for sodium, potassium and magnesium. Calcium stimulated the synaptosomal GABA uptake at concentrations which inhibited the glial uptake. Bicuculline strongly inhibited the uptake in all fractions. Picrotoxin and strychnine had little effect on the neuronal uptake whereas glial uptake was stimulated. l ‐2,4‐di‐aminobutyric acid and chlorpromazine inhibited GABA uptake in all fractions. The effect of cyclic AMP was not significant.
Cloning and Overexpression of Alkaline Phosphatase PhoK from Sphingomonas sp. Strain BSAR-1 for Bioprecipitation of Uranium from Alkaline Solutions (2008)

Cells of Sphingomonas sp. strain BSAR-1 constitutively expressed an alkaline phosphatase, which was also secreted in the extracellular medium. A null mutant lacking this alkaline phosphatase activity was isolated by Tn5 random mutagenesis. The corresponding gene, designated phoK, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3). The resultant E. coli strain EK4 overexpressed cellular activity 55 times higher and secreted extracellular PhoK activity 13 times higher than did BSAR-1. The recombinant strain very rapidly precipitated >90% of input uranium in less than 2 h from alkaline solutions (pH, 9 +/- 0.2) containing 0.5 to 5 mM of uranyl carbonate, compared to BSAR-1, which precipitated uranium in >7 h. In both strains BSAR-1 and EK4, precipitated uranium remained cell bound. The EK4 cells exhibited a much higher loading capacity of 3.8 g U/g dry weight in <2 h compared to only 1.5 g U/g dry weight in >7 h in BSAR-1. The data demonstrate the potential utility of genetically engineering PhoK for the bioprecipitation of uranium from alkaline solutions.
Immunochemical Evidence That Myosin I Heavy Chain-Like Protein Is Identical to the 110-Kilodalton Brush-Border Protein1 (1989)

In a previous study, we identified a new mammalian myosin heavy chain, termed myosin I heavy chain-like protein (MIHC), by molecular cloning of a bovine intestinal cDNA clone. In this investigation, we examined the relationship between MIHC and the 110-kDa intestinal brush-border protein, which possesses a myosin-like ATPase activity. We raised antibodies against a chemically synthesized oligopeptide representing a part of the MIHC sequence. These antibodies reacted specifically in immunoblots with the 110-kDa protein in both purified 110-kDa protein-calmodulin complex and crude microvillar protein extracts. Staining of tissue sections with these antibodies was specifically localized to the brush-border microvilli of small intestines, indicating an identical cellular localization for both MIHC and the 110-kDa protein. Furthermore, analysis of the MIHC sequence revealed two putative calmodulin-binding sites, which is consistent with the fact that the 110-kDa protein forms a complex with calmodulin. These results strongly support the conclusion that MIHC is identical to the 110-kDa protein and suggest that not only the conventional myosin system but also the MIHC (110-kDa protein)-calmodulin complex may play an important role in ATP-dependent and Ca2+-induced brush-border contraction.
Low temperature fabrication of amorphous silicon thin film transistors by dc reactive magnetron sputtering (1997)

We deposit hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiNx:H) films using dc reactive magnetron sputtering at 125 and 230 °C substrate temperatures. We characterize the structural properties using infrared absorption, thermal hydrogen evolution, and refractive index measurements, and evaluate the electrical quality using capacitance–voltage and leakage current measurements. Nitride layers deposited at both temperatures have dominant N–H bonding with hydrogen concentration approximately 1022/cm3. Metal-insulator-semiconductor devices have been fabricated on c-Si and show electrical leakage of &amp;lt;5×10−8 A/cm2 at 3 MV/cm field, flat band voltage magnitude &amp;lt;1 V, and hysteresis &amp;lt;2 V. Low temperature a-Si:H films show monohydride dominant bonding. The photo- to dark conductivity ratio is 5×105 for films deposited at 125 °C. Inverted staggered thin film transistors have been fabricated with the optimized layers. Thin film transistors deposited at 230 °C have a field effect mobility of 0.8 cm2/V s, an Ion/Ioff ratio of 5×105, a subthreshold slope of 1.2 V/decade, and a threshold voltage of 4 V; those deposited at 125 °C have a field effect mobility of 0.3 cm2/V s, an Ion/Ioff ratio of 5×105, and a threshold voltage of 3 V.
Fracture and Fatigue‐Crack Growth Behavior in Mo‐12Si‐8.5B Intermetallics at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Procedures Results and Discussion Fatigue-Crack Growth Behavior Toughening Mechanisms at Ambient Temperatures Toughening Mechanisms at Elevated Temperatures
Field Studies on Stability of theHeliothisNucleopolyhedrosis Virus at Various Sites Throughout the Cotton Belt1 (1972)

Sensitivity of insect viruses to sunlight was demonstrated with the noninclusion virus of Panonychus (Gilmore and Munger 1963), the nucleopolyhedrosis viruses (NPV) of Heliothis (Bullock 1967, Allen 1968, Ignoffo and Batzer 1971) and Trichoplusia (Jacques 1968), and the granulosis virus of Pieris (David et al. 1968).
Molecular Characterization of the Cytotoxic Mechanism of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and Nano-Onions on Human Skin Fibroblast (2005)

The increasing use of nanotechnology in consumer products and medical applications underlies the importance of understanding its potential toxic effects to people and the environment. Although both fullerene and carbon nanotubes have been demonstrated to accumulate to cytotoxic levels within organs of various animal models and cell types and carbon nanomaterials have been exploited for cancer therapies, the molecular and cellular mechanisms for cytotoxicity of this class of nanomaterial are not yet fully apparent. To address this question, we have performed whole genome expression array analysis and high content image analysis based phenotypic measurements on human skin fibroblast cell populations exposed to multiwall carbon nano-onions (MWCNOs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Here we demonstrate that exposing cells to MWCNOs and MWCNTs at cytotoxic doses induces cell cycle arrest and increases apoptosis/necrosis. Expression array analysis indicates that multiple cellular pathways are perturbed after exposure to these nanomaterials at these doses, with material-specific toxigenomic profiles observed. Moreover, there are also distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in gene expression profiles, with each material at different dosage levels (6 and 0.6 microg/mL for MWCNO and 0.6 and 0.06 microg/mL for MWCNT). MWCNO and MWCNT exposure activates genes involved in cellular transport, metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and stress response. MWCNTs induce genes indicative of a strong immune and inflammatory response within skin fibroblasts, while MWCNO changes are concentrated in genes induced in response to external stimuli. Promoter analysis of the microarray results demonstrate that interferon and p38/ERK-MAPK cascades are critical pathway components in the induced signal transduction contributing to the more adverse effects observed upon exposure to MWCNTs as compared to MWCNOs.
Atomic-precision fabrication and metrology for epitaxial Si quantum devices. (2018)

Abstract not provided.