gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Vehicles’ Turning Motion Planning for Conflict Areas at Mixed-Flow Intersections (2019)

An essential and challenging task for autonomous vehicles (AVs) is turning at mixed-flow intersections when they interact with motorized, non-motorized and pedestrian traffic simultaneously. In these situations, sensor measurement noise and blind zones create additional complexity in an already problematic environment. In order to make motion planning feasible in a multi-interaction environment with detection uncertainty feasible, this article proposes a hierarchical framework that divides the highly-related driving process into a decision, planning and action layer. The decision layer first employs a logit model combined with Bayes' theorem to make a discrete choice about whether to turn or not. Then, the plan layer initializes a local trajectory with selected waypoints considering the location of interacting objects based on a Bézier curve. Finally, feedback is used to adjust the vehicle's decision and trajectory plan when collision risks increase due to the unexpected behavior of other objects. Additionally, in order to consider sensor data noise and blind zones of AVs, an Extended Kalman filter (EKF) was used to estimate the status of sensory targets. The performance of the proposed model was compared with drivers' performance for the same turning scenarios at two mixed-flow intersections. The results show that the simulation produced human-like flexibility when planning trajectories in a multi-interaction environment. Moreover, the travel time of AVs did not show a statistically significant difference when compared with manually driven vehicles (MVs). Instead, the AVs actually performed better in terms of safety than the MVs.
Effects of deposition parameters on the refractive index in plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate thin films (1992)

Plasma polymerization can be used to deposit thin films whose properties significantly differ from those of conventionally synthesized linear or cross-linked polymers. We investigate the plasma polymerization of methyl methacrylate for use in microelectronic and photonic applications. The deposition system is a 13.56 MHz parallel plate reactor. The effects of varying rf power and neutral pressure on deposition rate and refractive index in the visible are examined. It is found that the deposition rate can be varied from 50–500 Å/min over a pressure range of 40–300 mT. In addition, the refractive index can be varied from 1.5 to 1.6 in the visible by varying the rf power from 10 to 50 W. Possible applications in photonics include smoothly varying graded index and multilayer structures.
Producing Polysulfide by Electrolysis of White Liquor, Development and Integration with Kraft Pulping Process (2015)

白液の電解酸化によるポリサルファイド（PS）製造技術，および蒸解工程をはじめとするクラフトパルプ（KP）プロセスへの，この技術の統合によりもたらされる効果について述べる。本技術は電解槽を用い，陽極において白液を電解酸化することで高濃度のPSを極めて高効率に生成し，また陰極において苛性ソーダや水素が得られる。この技術を白液の分割添加を基本とする修正蒸解と組み合わせることで，理想的な蒸解が成立して高い収率向上効果が発現する。また得られる苛性ソーダを酸素脱リグニン工程などのアルカリ源として利用することで，非常に完成度の高いKPプロセスが実現する。「白液」の「電解」は非常にユニークな技術であり完成には長い年月を要したが，我々は2012年にこのプロセスの実用化に成功し，それと共に，それまでラボレベルでの確認に留まっていた高いパルプ収率向上効果などが実操業で確認されてきている。本稿では以上に加え，技術的な課題への取り組みや開発の経緯についても紹介する。
Adherence and satisfaction in Argus II prosthesis users: a self determination theory model (2022)

The SDT model can be used to investigate the types of motivation that influence uptake and engagement of the Argus device. Clinicians can use this knowledge to improve outcomes by supporting confidence in users and by encouraging them to maintain internalization and continued commitment to adherence.
Prediction of improvement of protein crystal quality grown in microgravity (2007)

The functional and physical properties of proteins can be tailored to the process of interest by changing the structure of the proteins. Small changes made to the protein structure could give an insight into the relationships between the structure and function. One way is by using a simple method such as by attaching chemical modifiers to specific amino acid residues of the protein molecules. Chemical modification was carried out on T1 thermostable lipase via reductive alkylation. Alkylation was carried out using propionaldehyde with different degree of modification to represent different level of hydrophobicity. The targeted alkylation sites were lysine, in which T1 lipase possessed 11 residues. Four residues (Lys84, 102, 138 and 251) were found to be exposed, four residues (Lys185, 329, 344 and 345) were moderately exposed and three were buried residues (Lys28, 207 and 229). The structural features of both native and modified state enzyme were studied using circular dichroism, MALDI-TOF MS and fluorescence spectroscopy. Comparison of the far-UV circular dichroism spectra between native and alkylated enzyme suggested formation of molten globule (MG)-like structure. This was further supported by 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) probed fluorescence which indicated higher exposure of hydrophobic residues, consequential of chemical modification. Based on MALDI-TOF MS analysis, a number of lysine residues were found to be alkylated.
Investigation of residual vertical intrinsic resonances with dual partial Siberian snakes in the AGS (2007)

Two partial helical dipole snakes were found to be able to overcome all imperfection and intrinsic spin resonances provided that the vertical betatron tunes were maintained in the spin tune gap near the integer 9. Recent vertical betatron tune scan showed that the two weak resonances at the beginning of the acceleration cycle may be the cause of polarization loss. This result has been confirmed by the vertical polarization profile measurement, and spin track ing simulations. Possible cure of the remaining beam polarization is discussed.
Geophysical Information On The Winter Marginal Ice Zone Obtained From Cearex Sar Data (2005)

During the 1989 Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment (CEAREX) a total of sixteen synthetic aperture r adar (SAR) data collections were flown. Each mission covered approximately a 100 x 200 km area surrounding the ice strengthened vessel M/S POLARBJORN. SAR viewing geometries, frequencies, and polarizations varied based on the objectives of each individual mission. On-board processors enabled personnel stationed at Svalbard and Andoya for flight coordination to review the real-time data. Observations and interpretations including ice edge, type, concentration and floe size made from this imagery were used to plan successive SAR missions and were transmitted to POLARBJORN enabling scientists on-board to select areas of special interest for intensive study and sea truthi ng .
TUC-4b, a Novel TUC Family Variant, Regulates Neurite Outgrowth and Associates with Vesicles in the Growth Cone (2003)

The TUC (TOAD-64/Ulip/CRMP) proteins are homologs of UNC-33, a protein that is required for axon extension and guidance in Caenorhabditis elegans. The TUC proteins are expressed in newly born neurons in the developing nervous system and have been implicated in semaphorin signaling and neuronal polarity. Here, we identify several new variants of the TUC family, each of which is expressed during distinct periods of neural development. We cloned and characterized TUC-4b, a variant of TUC-4a that includes a unique N-terminal extension. The functional relevance of this N-terminal domain is demonstrated by the finding that overexpression of TUC-4b, but not TUC-4a, results in increased neurite length and branching. Furthermore, whereas TUC-4a is expressed throughout life, TUC-4b is expressed exclusively during embryonic development. TUC-4b is localized to SV2 (synaptic vesicle protein 2)-positive vesicles in the central domain of the growth cone, suggesting a potential role in growth cone vesicle transport. Furthermore, TUC-4b interacts with the SH3A (Src homology 3A) domain of intersectin, an endocytic-exocytic adaptor protein. Together, these data suggest that TUC-4b can regulate neurite extension and branching through a mechanism that may involve membrane transport in the growth cone.
An Isomeric Series of Thiophene-Fused Tetracyanoquinodimethanes. I. Preparation and Physico-Chemical Properties (1992)

Abstract Four isomeric benzodithiophene analogs of 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-9,10-anthraquinodimethane have been prepared via a TiCl4 mediated condensation of the corresponding quinone and malononitrile. The reduction potential of these isomers was interpreted in terms of the resonance energies for the neutral and radical anion species. These new acceptor compounds, except for 4,8-bis(dicyanomethylene)-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-c:4,5-c′]dithiophene, formed crystalline charge-transfer complexes with tetrathiafulvalene, among which the complex of 4,8-bis(dicyanomethylene)-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene particularly exhibited a high room-temperature conductivity of 4.78 S cm−1.
Farbstofforganisate: Biomimetik und funktionelle Materialien (2001)

Abstract Über zwischenmolekulare Wechselwirkungen lassen sich Farbstoffe in nano‐und mesoskopischen Strukturen organisieren. Gelingt es, die elektronische Kopplung der farbstoffe in solchen Strukturen einzustellen, so werden Anwendungen möglich, die von der Nachahmung natürlicher photosynthetischer Lichtsammelsysteme bis zu funktionellen Materialien für die Elektronik, Optoelektronik und Photonik reichen.
New thioredoxin targets in the unicellular photosynthetic eukaryote Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2004)

Proteomics were used to identify the proteins from the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that can be reduced by thioredoxin. These proteins were retained specifically on a thioredoxin affinity column made of a monocysteinic thioredoxin mutant able to form mixed disulfides with its targets. Of a total of 55 identified targets, 29 had been found previously in higher plants or Synechocystis, but 26 were new targets. Biochemical tests were performed on three of them, showing a thioredoxin-dependent activation of isocitrate lyase and isopropylmalate dehydrogenase and a thioredoxin-dependent deactivation of catalase that is redox insensitive in Arabidopsis. In addition, we identified a Ran protein, a previously uncharacterized nuclear target in a photosynthetic organism. The metabolic and evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed.
Degrees of homogeneity of potential fields and structural indices of Euler deconvolution (2006)

Abstract Homogeneity is a well-known property of the potential fields of simple point sources used in field inversion. We find that the analytical expressions of potential fields created by sources of complicated shape and constant or variable density or magnetization also show this property. This is true if all variables of length dimension are involved in the test of homogeneity. The coordinates of observation points and the source coordinates and sizes form an extended set of variables, in relation to which the field expression is homogeneous. In this case, the principal definition of homogeneity applied to a potential field can be treated as an operator of a space transform of similarity. The ratio between the transformed and original fields determines the value and sign of the degree of homogeneity n. The latter may take on positive, zero, or negative values. The degree of homogeneity depends on the type of field and on the assumed physical parameter of the field source, and can be nonunique for a given field element. We analyze the potential field of one singular point as the simplest case of homogeneity. Thus, we deduce results for the structural index, N=−n, in Euler deconvolution. The structural index can also be positive, zero, or negative, but it has a unique value. Analytical considerations, as well as numerical tests on the gravity contact model, confirm the proposed physical interpretation of N, and lead to an extended version of Euler's differential equation for potential fields.
Vision-related Quality of Life in Korean Glaucoma Patients (2016)

Visual function parameters are important for the vision-related quality of life of Korean glaucoma patients, notably for worse eye visual acuity and IVF MD. However, social factors, self-assessed personality, and treatment-related issues are also substantial predictors of overall life quality.
Social brain activation during mentalizing in a large autism cohort: the Longitudinal European Autism Project (2020)

Contrary to prior reports, this large-scale study does not support the assumption that altered social brain activation during mentalizing forms a common neural marker of ASD, at least with the paradigm we employed. Yet, autistic individuals show socio-behavioral deficits. Our work therefore highlights the need to interrogate social brain function with other brain measures, such as connectivity and network-based approaches, using other paradigms, or applying complementary analysis approaches to assess individual differences in this heterogeneous condition.
Rate-Compatible Protograph-based LDPC Codes for Inter-Symbol\n Interference Channels (2013)

This letter produces a family of rate-compatible protograph-based LDPC codes\napproaching the independent and uniformly distributed (i.u.d.) capacity of\ninter-symbol interference (ISI) channels. This problem is highly nontrivial due\nto the joint design of structured (protograph-based) LDPC codes and the state\nstructure of ISI channels. We describe a method to design nested high-rate\nprotograph codes by adding variable nodes to the protograph of a lower rate\ncode. We then design a family of rate-compatible protograph codes using the\nextension method. The resulting protograph codes have iterative decoding\nthresholds close to the i.u.d. capacity. Our results are supported by numerical\nsimulations.\n
Nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 phase separates into RNA-rich polymerase-containing condensates (2020)

SUMMARY The etiologic agent of the Covid-19 pandemic is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The viral membrane of SARS-CoV-2 surrounds a helical nucleocapsid in which the viral genome is encapsulated by the nucleocapsid protein. The nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 is produced at high levels within infected cells, enhances the efficiency of viral RNA transcription and is essential for viral replication. Here we show that RNA induces cooperative liquid-liquid phase separation of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. In agreement with its ability to phase separate in vitro, we show that the protein associates in cells with stress granules, cytoplasmic RNA/protein granules that form through liquid-liquid phase separation and are modulated by viruses to maximize replication efficiency. Liquid-liquid phase separation generates high-density protein/RNA condensates that recruit the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex of SARS-CoV-2 providing a mechanism for efficient transcription of viral RNA. Inhibition of RNA-induced phase separation of the nucleocapsid protein by small molecules or biologics thus can interfere with a key step in the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle.
ChemInform Abstract: Porphyrin Clips Derived from Diphenylglycoluril. Synthesis, Conformational Analysis, and Binding Properties. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Methodological Aspects of Employing a Competency-Based Approach within the System of Management of Public Procurement: International Experience (2018)

Over the course of several decades international practice in the area of development of the institution of public procurement has produced a number of uniform approaches to cultivating relevant competencies in managers at public procurement agencies with a view to enhancing their management skills Monitoring the outcomes of procurement activity enables various nations around the world to resolve the issue of establishing the optimum number and line up of public contracting specialists based on the analysis of their qualification levels experience and theoretical training Concurrently relevant research is conducted into the quality of education in public procurement training courses career enhancement and professional retraining programs Public procurement practice has proven the necessity of having in place a long term policy for enhancing the skills of managers and specialists employed within the procurement sector
Compact mufti-feed mufti-band antenna designs for wireless mobile devices (2007)

In this paper, we present a multi-feed multi-band planar antenna. Through the simulation and measurement of several prototypes, we demonstrate that the proposed design allows a single antenna to cover multi-bands without increasing antenna volume. The proposed design is especially suitable for nowadays wireless mobile devices.
Data from T-cell Responses in the Microenvironment of Primary Renal Cell Carcinoma—Implications for Adoptive Cell Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; expansion of large numbers of highly potent tumor-reactive T cells appears a prerequisite for effective adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) as shown in metastatic melanoma (MM). We therefore sought to determine whether renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are infiltrated with tumor-reactive T cells that could be efficiently employed for adoptive transfer immunotherapy. TILs and autologous tumor cell lines (TCL) were successfully generated from 22 (92%) and 17 (77%) of 24 consecutive primary RCC specimens and compared with those generated from metastatic melanoma. Immune recognition of autologous TCLs or fresh tumor digests was observed in CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TILs from 82% of patients (18/22). Cytotoxicity assays confirmed the tumoricidal capacity of RCC-TILs. The overall expansion capacity of RCC-TILs was similar to MM-TILs. However, the magnitude, polyfunctionality, and ability to expand in classical expansion protocols of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell responses was lower compared with MM-TILs. The RCC-TILs that did react to the tumor were functional, and antigen presentation and processing of RCC tumors was similar to MM-TILs. Direct recognition of tumors with cytokine-induced overexpression of human leukocyte antigen class II was observed from CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells (6/12; 50%). Thus, TILs from primary RCC specimens could be isolated, expanded, and could recognize tumors. However, immune responses of expanded CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; RCC-TILs were typically weaker than MM-TILs and displayed a mono-/oligofunctional pattern. The ability to select, enrich, and expand tumor-reactive polyfunctional T cells may be critical in developing effective ACT with TILs for RCC. In summary, TILs isolated from primary RCC specimens could recognize tumors. However, their immune responses were weaker than MM-TILs and displayed a mono-/oligofunctional pattern. The ability to select and expand polyfunctional T cells may improve cell therapy for RCC. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 6(2); 222–35. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Preventive effects of total saponins of Panax japonicus on fatty liver fibrosis in mice (2016)

Based on this research, SPJ as a preventive medicine has great potential in prevention of liver fibrosis.
30W, 10μJ, 10-ps SPM-induced spectrally compressed pulse generation in a low non-linearity ytterbium-doped rod-type fibre amplifier (2007)

The concept of spectral compression induced by self phase modulation is used to generate transform-limited 10ps pulses in a rare-earth-doped low nonlinearity fibre amplifier. The seed source of the amplifier stage is a high power, Yb<sup>3+</sup>:KGW bulk oscillator which delivers 500 fs transform-limited pulses at 10MHz repetition rate. After a reduction of the repetition rate down to 3MHz, the femtosecond pulses are negatively chirped by transmission gratings in a compressor arrangement. The resulting 10ps pulses are further seeded into the power amplifier and up to 32W output power is obtained while the spectral bandwidth is reduced to less than 0.5 nm by means of self phase modulation.
Assessing the Efficiency of Health-care Facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review (2020)

The review showed that there was a marked degree of inefficiency across the health-care facilities. Consequently, due to severe resource constraints facing SSA, there is a need to determine how to use the available resources optimally to improve health systems performance.
Laparoscopic vs Robotic Intraperitoneal Mesh Repair for Incisional Hernia: An Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative Analysis (2017)

Despite longer operative times using the rIPOM approach, patients undergoing rIPOM had a significantly shorter LOS than LapIPOM, without additional risk of wound morbidity requiring intervention. Additional studies are necessary to identify the best candidates for the rIPOM approach.
Aspartate aminotransferase activity is required for aspartate catabolism and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Rhizobium meliloti (1991)

A mutant of Rhizobium meliloti, 4R3, which is unable to grow on aspartate has been isolated. The defect is specific to aspartate utilization, since 4R3 is not an auxotroph and grows as well as its parent strain on other carbon and nitrogen sources. The defect was correlated with an inability to fix nitrogen within nodules formed on alfalfa. Transport of aspartate into the mutant cells was found to be normal. Analysis of enzymes involved in aspartate catabolism showed a significantly lower level of aspartate aminotransferase activity in cell extracts of 4R3 than in the wild type. Two unrelated regions identified from a genomic cosmid bank each complemented the aspartate catabolism and symbiotic defects in 4R3. One of the cosmids was found to encode an aspartate aminotransferase enzyme and resulted in restoration of aspartate aminotransferase activity in the mutant. Analysis of the region cloned in this cosmid by transposon mutagenesis showed that mutations within this region generate the original mutant phenotypes. The second type of cosmid was found to encode an aromatic aminotransferase enzyme and resulted in highly elevated levels of aromatic aminotransferase activity. This enzyme apparently compensated for the mutation by its ability to partially utilize aspartate as a substrate. These findings demonstrate that R. meliloti contains an aspartate aminotransferase activity required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and implicate aspartate as an essential substrate for bacteria in the nodule.
Endothelin-1 Mediated Ca 2+ Influx Does Not Occur Through L-Type Voltage-Dependent Ca 2+ Channels in Cultured Bovine Trabecular Meshwork Cells (1996)

We evaluated whether endothelin-1-induced changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) involve Ca2+ influx through L-type membrane voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in cultured bovine trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. The cells were loaded with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator fura-2 and cell-associated fluorescence was measured with a digital video-imaging analyzer. Application of carbachol (10(-3) M) and norepinephrine (10(-5) M) increased [Ca2+]i only transiently. Endothelin-1 (10(-9) M to 10(-7) M) also increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner, and its effects were larger than those of carbachol and norepinephrine. Unlike carbachol or norepinephrine, endothelin-1 evoked a peak transient effect followed by a sustained elevated level of [Ca2+]i. The only level of the sustained elevated component was dependent on extracellular Ca2+. However, pretreatment with diltiazem (10(-5) M and 10(-4) M), an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, did not affect either component of the endothelin-1-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. These results suggest that in cultured bovine TM cells endothelin-1 receptors are coupled to Ca2+ signaling mechanisms. However, the extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i may not involve Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels.