gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Harnessing the Biosynthetic Potential of Modular Polyketide Synthases (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHarnessing the Biosynthetic Potential of Modular Polyketide SynthasesChaitan KhoslaView Author Information Departments of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5025Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 7, 2577–2590Publication Date (Web):November 10, 1997Publication History Received4 February 1997Revised5 June 1997Published online10 November 1997Published inissue 1 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr960027uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr960027uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1574Altmetric-Citations182LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biosynthesis,Chemical specificity,Genetics,Metabolism,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
[Effect of prepared radix Polygoni multiflori on the elevation of extracellular hydroxyl radical in striatum of rats induced by intracerebral perfusion of 6-hydroxy dopamine]. (2006)

RPM could inhibit the elevating of extracellular hydroxyl radical in striatum of rats induced by intracerebral perfusion of 6-OHDA, indicating one of the brain protective mechanisms of RPM may be related to its anti-oxidation effect.
The perioperative specialist practitioner: developing and evaluating a new surgical role (2006)

PSPs can provide high levels of expertise, but within clear limits. Our training programme has been effective and is perceived to be of high quality. However, introducing a new role requires time and sensitivity if opposition is to be minimised.
Chiral 1,3-Diamines: Synthesis and Application (2010)

Efficient synthesis of 1,3-diamines is described. The method uses diastereoselective reduction of t-butanesulfinylimines
Vacuum sampling techniques for industrial hygienists, with emphasis on beryllium dust sampling (2006)

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Chronic Beryllium Disease Prevention Program Rule, 10 CFR Part 850 became effective in 2000 in response to the prevalence of Chronic Beryllium Disease (CBD) in workers. The rule requires surface and air monitoring for beryllium to determine exposure levels and the evaluation of the effectiveness of controls used to minimize or eliminate that risk. The most common methods for surface sampling use wet or dry wipes. Wipe sampling techniques may be impractical for many surfaces common to most buildings such as cinder block, textured wall surfaces, fabric and carpet. Vacuum sampling methods have been developed for the evaluation of lead or pesticides on residential surfaces such as carpets, bare floors and window sills. However, the current vacuum methods may be impractical for many workplace situations such as sampling of protective clothing, complex facility structures, or equipment surfaces. Recent work using vacuum sampling for potential bio-terrorism agents such as anthrax spores may have significant application to industrial hygiene evaluations of the workplace and may be extendable for use in sampling of metals such as beryllium. Validated vacuum sampling methods that provide meaningful data would be of great value to industrial hygienists in identifying areas having surface contamination, evaluating existing controls and work practices and determining the potential of toxic material on surfaces to become airborne and present a potential risk to workers and the public. This article discusses various vacuum sampling methodologies and recommends harmonization of sampling methods.
Relaxation processes and molecular motion in a new semicrystalline polyimide (1995)

Abstract A new polymide was synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐(4‐aminophenoxy)propane (DMDA), and abbreviated to be BTDA‐DMDA. This polymer possesses three relaxation processes which have been observed through dynamic mechanical and dielectric analyses above–150°C. The α relaxation process has been assigned to be the glass transition and occurs at about 250°C with an apparent activation energy of 420kJ/mol. Two subglass relaxation processes are a β relaxation process at around 100–170°C in a frequency range from 0,1 Hz to 100 kHz with an activation energy of 182 kJ/mol and a γ relaxation process occurs at around −80°C with an activation energy of 44 kJ/mol. Carbon‐13 solid state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments were carried out for the study of molecular dynamics at different temperatures. The results indicate that the γ relaxation is responsible for an oscillation and π flipping motion of the two phenoxy rings in the DMDA portion. The β relaxation was shown to pertain to the kHz‐motion of the aromatic imide rings in the BTDA portion. The molecular motion of the DMDA and BTDA protions are largely decoupled from each other in the frequency region studied.
A Stochastic Approach to the Synthesis of a Robust Frequency-Invariant Filter-and-Sum Beamformer (2006)

Frequency-invariant beam patterns (FIBPs) are often required by systems using an array of sensors to process broadband signals. Although several methods have been proposed to design a broadband beamformer (typically characterized by a finite impulse response (FIR) filter for each sensor) with an FIBP, until now, the case in which the spatial aperture is shorter than the involved wavelengths has very rarely been considered. In such a case, the use of a superdirective beam pattern is essential to attaining an efficient system. In this context, robustness to array imperfections and random errors is a very crucial feature. In this paper, a method to design a robust broadband beamformer that produces an FIBP for a data-independent superdirective array is proposed and compared with other potential approaches. The method generates a far-field beam pattern that reproduces the desired profile over a very wide frequency band (also if the array is shorter than the wavelength) and is based on a stochastic approach to the direct synthesis of the FIR filters. The very simple implementation and the resulting robustness of the attained filter-and-sum beamformer to array imperfections increase the applicability of the system. This fact is particularly important in the context of a audio signal processing carried out by microphone arrays, which is the main application considered in this paper.
Chalcogenide and germanium hybrid optics (2011)

When choosing a material to design infrared optics, an optical designer has to decide which material properties are most important to what they are trying to achieve. Factors include; cost, optical performance, index of material, sensor format, manufacturability, mechanical mounting and others. This paper will present an optical design that is made for a 640&times;480, 17&mu;m sensor and is athermalized by using the material properties of chalcogenide glass and Germanium (Ge). The optical design will be a 3-element, f1.0 optic with an EFL of 20mm at 10&mu;m. It consists of two Ge spherical lenses and a middle chalcogenide aspheric element. By using Ge and chalcogenide, this design utilizes the high index of Ge and combines it with the lower dn/dt of chalcogenide glass to provide an athermalized design without the use of additional electro-optical compensation inside the assembly. This study will start from the optical design process and explain the mechanical and optical properties of the design, then show the manufacturing process of molding an aspheric chalcogenide element. After the three elements are manufactured, they will be assembled and tested throughout the temperature range of -40 to 85&deg;C to compare optical performance to design expectations. Ultimately, this paper will show that a high performance, athermalized optical assembly is possible to manufacture at a lower cost with the use of combining different infrared materials that allow for spherical Ge lenses and only one aspherical chalcogenide element which can be produced in higher volumes at lower costs through glass molding technology.
Komplementfaktoren C3a und C5a erhöhen die diagnostische Qualität des HBV-IGRA durch Nachbildung eines proinflammatorischen Mikromilieaus in vitro (2018)

Hepatitis B-Virus (HBV) Infektionen stellen ein globales Gesundheitsproblem dar und die chronische Hepatitis B (CHB) führt zu Leberzirrhose sowie langfristig zum hepatozellulären Karzinom (HCC). Somit ist eine qualitativ hochwertige Diagnostik entscheidend für eine leitlinien-gerechte Therapie. Wir haben einen robusten und schnellen Vollblut-basierten Cytokin-Freisetzungstest (IGRA) entwickelt, der den zellulären HBV-Immunstatus bestimmt. Die IL2- und IFN-gamma-Freisetzung in diesem Testsystem erfasst den HBV-Impstatus. Interessanterweise geht eine CHB einher mit erhöhten Serumspiegeln des Komplementfaktors C5a.
Diagnosis and surgical treatment of a rare hepatic angiomyolipoma with internal hemorrhage (2021)

Mizelle D’Silva, Hee Young Na, Jai Young Cho, Ho-Seong Han, Yoo-Seok Yoon, Hae Won Lee, Jun Suh Lee, Boram Lee, Moonhwan Kim. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021;25:532-5. https://doi.org/10.14701/ahbps.2021.25.4.532
Modeling Adult Gliomas Using RCAS/t-va Technology (2009)

Malignant gliomas remain the most devastating childhood and adult tumors of the central nervous system. Although adult and pediatric gliomas are histologically indistinguishable, they differ in location, behavior, and molecular characteristics. This implies that the molecular pathways and pathophysiology of malignant gliomagenesis in these two populations are distinct. Such differences between adult and pediatric gliomas may predict different therapeutic responses. Therefore, accurate genetically engineered models of adult and pediatric gliomas may help understand the biology of these tumors and evaluate therapeutic agents in preclinical studies. It has been proposed that gliomas arise from the subventricular zone in mice during development. Here, we demonstrate that, in adult mice, gliomas may arise not only when injected in the subventricular zone but also when injected in the cortex and cerebellum. Our work demonstrates a versatile and highly reproducible adult mouse model of glioma, which can be easily incorporated into preclinical studies.
Small protein modules dictate prophage fates during polylysogeny (2022)

Raw data associated with a study entitled: Small protein modules dictate prophage fates during polylysogeny
Anti-spike Antibody Status in Pre-vaccinated Healthy Participants and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients During the Third Wave of COVID-19 (2023)

Introduction Anti-spike severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies produced after infection with the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) will offer protection and prevent re-infection for a few months. Seroprevalence studies measuring the SARS‑CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels will be helpful to know the herd immunity level that prevents community transmission. Very few studies have addressed the antibody titer among healthy participants and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The present study was conducted to determine the anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody (Ab) status before COVID-19 vaccination in healthy participants and RA patients. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital to estimate the serum anti-spike antibody levels against COVID-19 among the pre-vaccinated healthy participants and patients with RA during the third wave of COVID-19. After receiving written informed consent, participants were recruited as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic details, co-morbid status, and medication details were collected. Five milliliters of blood samples were collected, and anti-spike antibodies were estimated. The SARS-CoV-2 Ab positivity rate was expressed in percentage and was correlated with gender and age groups. Ab-positive participants were classified into three categories based on the neutralizing antibody titers (NAT). Results A total of 58 participants (49 healthy volunteers and nine RA patients) were recruited. Out of 58 participants, 40 were males, nine were females among healthy participants, and one male and eight females in the RA group were enrolled. Among the RA patients, one participant was found to have the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and two participants with hypothyroidism. Antibody positivity was found to be 83.6% among the healthy volunteers and 100% in the RA patients. About 48% had NAT between 50 and 90%. There was no significant difference for age and gender-specific positivity for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and neutralizing antibody titers among healthy participants. Conclusion Our study showed 84% positivity for anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies around the third wave (between November 2021 and February 2022). The majority had high neutralizing antibody titers. The probable reason for the SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity before vaccination was either asymptomatic infection or herd immunity.
Cholesterol Loading Induces a Block in the Exit of VSVG from the TGN (2003)

Recent work from our laboratory demonstrated that increased cellular cholesterol content affects the structure of the Golgi apparatus. We have now investigated the functional consequences of the cholesterol-induced vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus and the role of actin for these changes. The results showed that cholesterol-induced vesiculation and dispersion of the Golgi apparatus is a reversible process and that reversal can be inhibited by cytochalasin D, an actin-disrupting reagent. Furthermore, electron microscopy revealed that jasplakinolide, which stabilizes actin filaments, prevented the dispersion, but not the vesiculation of the Golgi cisternae. Importantly, the different Golgi markers seemed to be separated even after vesiculation. To investigate whether transport through the different steps of the exocytic pathway was affected in cholesterol-treated cells, we visualized ER to plasma membrane transport by using ts045-VSVG-GFP. In COS-1 cells expressing ts045-VSVG-GFP increased cholesterol levels did not affect transport of VSVG into the vesiculated Golgi apparatus. However, increased levels of cholesterol resulted in retention of the nascent G protein in vesicles with the TGN-marker TGN46. Biotinylation of cell surface molecules to quantify arrival of VSVG at the plasma membrane confirmed that cholesterol treatment inhibited export of the VSVG protein. In conclusion, the data show that transport of VSVG into/through a vesiculated Golgi is feasible, but that cholesterol loading inhibits exit of VSVG from the vesicles containing TGN markers. Furthermore, the data illustrate the importance of actin filaments for Golgi structure.
Induction of T-cell activation by oxidized low density lipoprotein. (1992)

Oxidation and scavenger receptor-mediated uptake of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in intimal macrophages are believed to be key events in the development of atherosclerosis. We report here that oxidized LDL increases DNA synthesis, expression of HLA-DR, and interleukin-2 receptors in T cells. The stimulatory effect of oxidized LDL was not due to a direct effect on T cells but required the presence of monocytes. Oxidized LDL also stimulated the release of interleukin-1 beta from monocytes. The maximal effect of oxidized LDL on T-cell activation and interleukin-1 beta release occurred at a concentration of 1 micrograms/ml. Native LDL also had the capacity to activate T cells, although only at higher concentrations. The stimulatory effect of both native and oxidized LDL was inhibited by superoxide dismutase. Monocytes as well as T cells were found to have the ability to oxidize LDL, suggesting that the stimulatory effect of native LDL may arise as a result of LDL oxidation during incubation with monocytes and T cells. The results suggest that oxidized LDL may activate T cells in atherosclerotic lesions.
SERS and plasmon resonance of engineered nanoparticle arrays (2005)

While much work has focused on simulation and measurement of plasmon resonances in noble metal nanostructures, usually the simulation tool is used as a confirmation of experimental results. In this work we use a finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique to calculate the plasmon resonance and electric field enhancement of Ag nanoparticles in regular arrays on quartz substrates. Such structures have also been prepared by e-beam lithography, and the plasmon resonance and surface-enhanced Raman scattering strength of arrays with different nanoparticle size and spacing have been investigated. Arrays of cylindrical nanoparticles were fabricated with varying particle size and interparticle spacing. The observed extinction peaks agree very well with the extinction peaks as calculated by FDTD; typically within a few percent. Experimental plasmon peak widths are considerably larger than their ideal values due to inhomogeneous broadening. As expected, the particle array with highest SERS enhancement has its plasmon resonance nearest the laser and Stokes-shifted wavelengths. We believe the FDTD modeling tool is accurate enough to use as a predictive tool for engineering plasmonic nanostructures.
Using ibrutinib in earlier lines of treatment results in better outcomes for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (2021)

Ibrutinib, a first-in-class covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) approved in the United States and European Union for adult patients with CLL [1], has helped shift the treatment par...
Force measurement on microspheres in an optical standing wave (2008)

We have measured the optical forces on isolated particles trapped in an optical lattice generated by the interference of two coherent laser beams. Two independent methods are employed here that are based on the equipartition theorem and hydrodynamic drag. The optical force on a particle in an optical lattice depends strongly on the ratio of the particle diameter to the period of the lattice. Based on the observed size dependence, we developed an approach that allows tunable, size-dependent force selection of a subset of particles from an ensemble containing mixed particles.
Mixed infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 generates recombinants with increased ocular and neurovirulence. (1990)

The authors used the method of mixed ocular infection and subsequent in vivo selection to isolate Herpes simplex virus type 1 intratypic recombinants with increased ocular virulence and neurovirulence. Four recombinants were studied in some detail (DRG1A3, DRG2A2, DRG3A3, and DRG4A1). The recombinants had lethal doses in 50% of animals tested (LD50) at least 2-3 log units lower than either parent virus (OD4 and CJ394) and caused significantly more severe stromal keratitis, vascularization of the cornea, and blepharitis than either parent. Studies on the ability of DRG1A3 and DRG4A1 to replicate in the eye, trigeminal ganglia, and brain showed that these recombinants replicated to higher titers (1-3.5 log units) than the parents in all three tissues. One of the parents, OD4, spread to the central nervous system with the same kinetics as CJ394, DRG1A3, and DRG4A1 but had a restricted ability to replicate in all tissues, which may account for its lack of virulence. The other parent, CJ394, was nonneurovirulent but replicated to titers which were only 1-1.5 log units lower than the neurovirulent recombinants. These recombinants should be useful in studying virulence determinants in herpetic ocular infections.
A 470MHz 5V CATV tuner (1985)

A conversion gain of 24dB and cross modulation of -19dBm, achieved in the design of a CATV tuner, will be discussed. An ac-coupled IF amplifier provides a 1dB compression level of +10dBm.
Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Wettability Alteration (2005)

Abstract Waterflooding recovers little oil from fractured carbonate reservoirs, if they are oil-wet or mixed-wet. Surfactant-aided gravity drainage has the potential to achieve significant oil recovery by wettability alteration and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction. The goal of this work is to investigate the mechanisms of wettability alteration by crude oil components and surfactants. Contact angles are measured on mineral plates treated with crude oils, crude oil components, and surfactants. Mineral surfaces are also studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surfactant solution imbibition into parallel plates filled with a crude oil is investigated. Wettability of the plates is studied before and after imbibition. Results show that wettability is controlled by the adsorption of asphaltenes. Anionic surfactants can remove these adsorbed components from the mineral surface and induce preferential water wettability. Anionic surfactants studied can imbibe water into initially oil-wet parallel plate assemblies faster than the cationic surfactant studied.
Recent Advances and Perspectives of Air Stable Sulfide‐Based Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries (2022)

An all-solid-state battery enabled by the incombustible and highly Li-ion conductive sulfide solid-state electrolyte, is recognized to be a strong candidate for next-generation of lithium-ion batteries. Intensive research efforts have been devoted to developing the well-suited sulfide electrolytes with outstanding performances. Although several types of sulfide electrolytes have achieved superionic conductivities with excellent deformability, the air-sensitive behaviors of them are detrimental to the large-scale production. Considerable efforts are in progress to tackle this issue via various strategies in recent years. This review provides an overview of several classes of promising sulfide solid electrolytes. The principle and strategies for improving the resistance of these sulfide electrolytes against air are thoroughly discussed. We also point out the major challenges that all-solid-state batteries and different types of sulfide electrolytes face for practical applications.