gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Hydrogenation of Halonitrobenzenes (2012)

Many effective strategies have been developed in order to inhibit the hydrodehalogenation in the selective hydrogenation of halonitrobenzene to haloaniline. However, hydrogenolysis of the carbon-halogen bond of the produced haloaniline as a defect of the hydrogenation process could not be avoided completely over usual metal catalysts, especially at complete conversion of the substrates. In the past few years, we reported that over platinum/iron-oxide nanocomposite catalysts, the hydrodehalogenation of haloanilines was completely suppressed even at complete conversion of halonitrobenzene. Investigation by FTIR-CO probe and XPS revealed the electron transfer from Pt nanoparticles to oxygen vacancies in the activated Pt/γ-Fe2O3 catalysts, which may play an important role in completely suppressing the hydrodehalogenation of haloanilines in the hydrogenation reactions. In this review, we deal with the great efforts and remarkable contributions of different authors during the long exploration for the solutions of this hard obstacle. Stress is placed on supported metal catalysts and polymer-protected metal nanoclusters or colloid catalysts. Keywords: Hydrogenation, hydrodehalogenation, halonitrobenzene, haloanilines, chloronitrobenzene, chloroaniline, metal colloid catalyst, nanocomposite catalyst, Aromatic haloamines, organic intermediates, synthesis chemistry, herbicides, pesticides, transitionmetal catalysts, Mechanisms and Kinetics
Supplementary Figure 2 from Dual Programmed Cell Death Pathways Induced by p53 Transactivation Overcome Resistance to Oncolytic Adenovirus in Human Osteosarcoma Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 334K, The ID50 values of OBP-702 and Ad-p53 in SaOS-2 and MNNG/HOS cells&lt;/p&gt;
Modeling and controlling of six-phase induction machine driven trapezoidal phase current waveform (2012)

Airgap flux linkage orientated control of the AC machine is of the advantage that the airgap flux can be measured directly. But, the Park transformation should be used to realize the airgap flux oriented control and the control system is complicated due to large amount of computation. Based on shortcomings above, the paper proposed an airgap flux oriented control strategy that is trapezoidal wave phase current control which consists of field current and torque current components. At any instant, three neighboring phases form a field winding, while the other three neighboring phases form torque winding. The configuration of the current waveforms makes the six-phase machine operate like a DC machine allowing the field and torque currents to be controlled separately without complex Park transformations. The main performance of the six-phase machine including the machine modeling is determined with finite element (FE) analysis. Furthermore the control strategy proposed is experimentally verified by using the six-phase induction drive system built. The results show that the field and torque current components of the six-phase machine can be controlled separately without any coordinate transformation and the controller to realize the control scheme is simple.
A hot spot in plasmid F for site-specific recombination mediated by Tn21 integron integrase (1997)

Integron In2 integrase (IntI1)-mediated site-specific recombination between two primary sites occurs at a high frequency, while that between a primary and a secondary site occurs at frequencies around 10,000 times lower. Secondary sites consist of a pentanucleotide with only two fully conserved residues (GWTMW). The analysis of IntI1-mediated recombinants in the plasmid pOX38 revealed the existence in this plasmid of a site used at a frequency intermediate between those of primary and secondary sites. Analysis of this site showed two potentially relevant structural features: first, a set of two consensus pentanucleotides, separated by 5 bp and in opposite orientations, forming what will be called a double site; and second, a longer sequence with some extent of sequence symmetry with the double site at its 3' end. A recombinant plasmid, pSU18P, containing a double site was constructed. Examination of R388-pSU18P recombinants showed that double sites were used preferentially over single pentanucleotides by IntI1. Comparisons of the nucleotide sequences of known 59-bp elements showed that in most cases there was a double site at each element end. Mutagenesis of the F hot spot was carried out to make it look more like the consensus 59-bp element. The improved sites showed recombination frequencies and specificities almost comparable to those observed at IntI1 primary sites.
A Pathophysiological Evaluation of Pressure Waves during ICP Monitoring (1980)

Epidural pressure and respiratory movement were simultaneously monitored in sixteen patients with various conditions such as brain tumor, hypertensive intracerebral hematoma, ruptured cerebral aneurysm and normal pressure hydrocephalus. Durations of the monitorings ranged from 12 to 233 hours, with an average of 5.2 days. In the majority of cases, higher levels of intracranial pressure were noticed during the night and early in the morning. Rapid variations of intracranial pressure appeared to some extent in all instances. Occurrence of the pressure waves were closely related to changes in respiratory movement, the latter being suppressed during the phase of pressure rise and activated in the phase of pressure fall. Lundberg's A-waves were divided into two different patterns: typical A-waves with a stable plateau of pressure elevation like a trapezium and atypical A-waves with irregular fluctuations during rises of pressure, usually related to oscillatory changes in respiration. Typical A-waves appeared in both sleeping and waking stages of patients with brain tumors. This type of A-wave showed a tendency of rhythmical repetition when it appeared. On the other hand, atypical A-waves occurred prominently during the sleeping stage and their occurrence was predominant in patients with cerebrovascular accidents. Concerning the levels of rising pressure, atypical A-waves started from a relatively low base pressure, mostly below 22 mmHg, compared to the rising pressure of typical A-waves which ranged between 15 and 66 mmHg. B-waves appeared in close correlation with the periodic changes in respiratory movement and their occurrence was clearly predominant in the sleeping stage of the patients, showing a similarity to atypical A-waves. Such B-type waves appeared in wide base pressure ranges between 0 and 70 mmHg. Interestingly, oscillatory B-waves were transformed into atypical A-waves, in some cases. These findings may indicate a common mechanism in the appearance of B-waves and atypical A-waves.
Optoelectronic integration of ultrafast photoreceivers (2003)

The requirements on ultrafast photoreceivers are derived from system applications and several integration concepts are presented. Using a waveguide approach, both in the electrical and in the optical domain, high-speed and high-power operation can be achieved.
Effect of GGC (glycine) repeat length polymorphism in the human androgen receptor on androgen action (2004)

The ability of a short GGC repeat to enhance androgen action provides a biologically plausible mechanism to account for reports that a short GGC repeat in the AR gene is a risk factor for prostate cancer.
Data from The Histone Methyltransferase and Putative Oncoprotein MMSET Is Overexpressed in a Large Variety of Human Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Multiple myeloma SET (&lt;i&gt;Suppressor of variegation&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Enhancer of zeste&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Trithorax&lt;/i&gt;) domain (MMSET) is a histone lysine methyltransferase deregulated in a subgroup of multiple myelomas with the t(4;14)(p16;q32) translocation and poor prognosis. With the aim of understanding, if MMSET can be involved in other types of cancer we investigated the expression of MMSET protein in different types of human tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; A monoclonal antibody against MMSET was developed and immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays (TMA) containing a large number of tumor samples (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3774) and corresponding normal tissues (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 904) was carried out. Further validations of MMSET expression were carried out on independent, tumor-specific sets of TMAs for urinary bladder (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 1293) and colon cancer (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 1206) with corresponding clinicopathological data and long-term follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; MMSET protein was highly expressed in different tumor types compared to normal counterparts. Particular frequent and/or high MMSET expression was found in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, colon, anal canal), small cell lung carcinoma, tumors of the urinary bladder, female genitals, and skin. In bladder cancer, MMSET expression correlated with tumor aggressiveness. In contrast, MMSET expression was associated with good prognostic factors in colon cancer and was more pronounced in early stages of colon carcinogenesis (dysplasias) than in adenocarcinomas. However, colon cancer patients with high MMSET levels showed a worse 5-year survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our data suggest that MMSET has a broader role in cancer than previously anticipated, and further analysis might qualify it as a prognostic marker and a target for the development of therapy against several types of cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(9); 2919–33. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Nucleotide sequence of the celG gene of Clostridium thermocellum and characterization of its product, endoglucanase CelG (1993)

The nucleotide sequence of the celG gene of Clostridium thermocellum, encoding endoglucanase CelG, was determined. The open reading frame extended over 1,698 bp and encoded a 566-amino-acid polypeptide (molecular weight of 63,128) similar to the C. thermocellum endoglucanase CelB (51.5% identical residues). The N terminus displayed a typical signal peptide, followed by a catalytic domain. The C terminus, which was separated from the catalytic domain by a 25-amino-acid segment rich in Pro, Thr, and Ser, contained two conserved stretches of 22 amino acids closely similar to those previously described in other cellulases from the same organism. Expression of the gene in Escherichia coli was increased by fusing the fragment coding for the catalytic domain in frame with the start of the lacZ' gene present in the vector. A low- and a high-M(r) form of the protein were purified. The two forms displayed identical enzymatic properties. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed that both forms consist of a major polypeptide of M(r) 50,000 and two minor polypeptides of M(r)s 49,000 and 48,000, resulting from heterogeneous proteolytic cleavage at the C terminus. An antiserum raised against the forms purified from E. coli reacted with an immunoreactive polypeptide of M(r) 66,000, which was associated with the extracellular cellulolytic complex of C. thermocellum known as the cellulosome.
Exploring Unorthodox Dimensions for Two-Electron Atoms (2017)

Melding quantum and classical mechanics is an abiding quest of physical chemists who strive for heuristic insights and useful tools. We present a surprisingly simple and accurate treatment of ground-state two-electron atoms. It makes use of only the dimensional dependence of a hydrogen atom, together with the exactly known first-order perturbation value of the electron-electron interaction, both quintessentially quantum, and the D → ∞ limit, entirely classical. The result is an analytic formula for D-dimensional two-electron atoms with Z ≥ 2. For D = 3 helium, it gives accuracy better than 2 millihartrees, which is better than current density functional theory. A kindred explicit formula for correlation energy exploits interpolation between D → ∞ and D = 1 or 2; when added to the Hartree-Fock energy, it improves accuracy for D = 3 helium to better than 0.1 millihartrees.
“Of thee I sing”: An opening to Dominique Boutet’s kinesiological approach to gesture (2021)

In this tribute to Dominique Boutet and the kinesiological approach he founded, the authors have tried to make their memories of the scientific collective projects they worked on together resonate with the written work of this extraordinary scientific partner, gathered in his published articles and his habilitation document (Boutet 2018). His approach based on an intimate knowledge of the biomechanics of the human body is centered on the structuring role of the body in gestures (and signed languages). It is form-based: the form of gestures shapes their meaning or function. Gestural units are described on the basis of their formal characteristics and physiological constraints rather than their imagistic iconicity. The article presents the foundations of the approach, a synoptic description and some examples of its application. The originality of the kinesiological approach lies in the double revolution that it allows us to operate: on the one hand, gesture is not simply an appendix of speech; on the other hand; it is shaped by bodily physiology. The approach is based on the movements of the human body analyzed from a biomechanical point of view. The meaning of our gestural productions is the produce of our body, as it is naturally articulated, imprinted as it is by our past experiences.
Mechanisms of the G2 cell cycle delay following radiation (1998)

The three morphologically and functionally distinct jelly coat layers of Xenopus laevis eggs, J1, J2, and J3, were separated by manual dissection, solubilized with dithiothreitol, and physicochemically analyzed. The chemical composition of the three jelly layers varied from 37 to 48% protein and 63 to 52% carbohydrate. The carbohydrate consisted of hexosamines, galactose, and fucose. Some of the carbohydrate in each of the jelly layers was covalently linked to protein through O-glycosidic bonds as beta elimination of the carbohydrate moiety in the presence of alkali was observed. In agreement with a previous finding, covalently attached sulfate was localized within the innermost jelly coat layer, J1. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.0 resolved a total of nine macromolecular components from the three jelly coat layers differentially staining for protein and carbohydrate: J1 yielded two anodically migrating components; the middle layer J2 yielded two cathodically migrating macromolecular components; the outermost layer J3 contained five species, three anodic and two cathodic. Sodium dodecyl sulfate agarose gel electrophoresis analysis yielded nine unique species, six of which stained coincidently for protein and carbohydrate. Immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony double diffusion analyses using antiserum to total jelly components resolved nine different antigenic species with cross-reactivity between one or two macromolecules in layers J1 and J3. Analytical sedimentation velocity centrifugation revealed eight distinct species all of which exhibited hypersharp schlieren patterns and whose s20,w values were highly concentration dependent. On the basis of these analyses, Xenopus laevis egg jelly layers are composed of at least 8-9 distinct macromolecular species. The majority of these macromolecules are uniquely associated with different jelly coat layers.
Cost Optimization at Early Stages of Design Using Deep Reinforcement Learning (2020)

With the increase in the complexity of the modern system on Chips(SoCs) and the demand for a lower time-to-market, automation becomes essential in hardware design. This is particularly relevant in complex/time-consuming tasks, as the optimization of design cost for a hardware component. Design cost, in fact, may depend on several objectives, as for the hardware-software trade-off. Given the complexity of this task, the designer often has no means to perform a fast and effective optimization in particular for larger and complex designs. In this paper, we introduce Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL) for design cost optimization at the early stages of the design process. We first show that DRL is a perfectly suitable solution for the problem at hand. Afterward, by means of a Pointer Network, a neural network specifically applied for combinatorial problems, we benchmark three DRL algorithms towards the selected problem. Results obtained in different settings show the improvements achieved by DRL algorithms compared to conventional optimization methods. Additionally, by using reward redistribution proposed in the recently introduced RUDDER method, we obtain significant improvements in complex designs. Here, the obtained optimization is on average 15.18% on the area as well as 8.25% and 8.12% on the application size and execution time on a dataset of industrial hardware/software interface design
Vers la résolution du problème de l’unicité des paramètres d’un modèle d’impédance PAC (2015)

National audience
Microencapsulation of fragrant oil via in situ polymerization: effects of pH and melamine-formaldehyde molar ratio (2002)

Microcapsules containing fragrant oil (Foral oil) were synthesized via the in situ polymerization method using melamine-formaldehyde (M-F) as a wall material. The encapsulation efficiency and other physical properties were analysed with varying formaldehyde/melamine (F/M) mole ratio and pH of emulsion medium. The pH of the reaction medium was varied from 5.0-6.0 and the F/M molar ratio, 2.3 - 5.5. Microcapsules containing fragrant oil were synthesized successfully and their particle sizes ranged from 12-15 micro m. Encapsulation efficiency of fragrant oil varied from 67-81%. It was found that both pH and F/M molar ratio have an effect on the separation of M-F prepolymer, consequently the morphology of the surface of the microcapsule was changed as well as encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation mechanism, focusing on the liquid-liquid phase separation of methylolmelamines and formation of M-F precursor particle, was described to explain the surface morphology and encapsulation efficiency.
Postnatal loss of synaptic terminals in the normal mouse soleus muscle (1987)

Using conventional physiological techniques for measuring unitary contractions and end-plate potentials (epps), the number, size and segmental properties of motor units (MUs) in the soleus muscle of the mouse during postnatal development have been examined. The number of MUs remains constant after birth, and there is no evidence of segmental preferences in the innervation pattern, before, during or after the postnatal elimination of redundant terminals. In neonates, MU size estimates based on twitch contractions are 30% smaller than tetanic estimates. Intracellular recording of epps shows that this is caused by facilitation of epps on repetitive stimulation. The frequency of occurrence of epps in the muscle from a few, isolated motor axons shows that the average motoneuron contacts 36% of the fibres in the muscle neonatally. A substantial fraction of the contacts is subthreshold for twitch activation of their fibre. The MU size remains constant up to day 5. During the next 10 days, the MU size is reduced to the mature value of 5% of the fibres in the muscle. It is concluded that the neonatal loss of synaptic terminals in this muscle takes place without concomitant loss of entire motor neurons, and that it is independent of possible segmental preferences in the innervation of the muscle.
Fingerprint identification using local Gabor filters (2010)

Conventional Gabor filter-based approaches are global considerations for the selections of Gabor filters. Owing to fingerprint patterns are full of ridges and valleys; the whole fingerprint can be viewed as the composition of many various local ridge-valley structures. Based on the various local ridge orientations and frequencies, the whole fingerprint is represented by a template of local Gabor filters. Therefore, the core point detection and fingerprint matching are directly performed from gray-scale images without preprocessing. As compared with the global Gabor filter-based approach, the proposed method not only saves memory space, but also speeds up the whole procedure. Testing with the same database, higher recognition rates are also achieved for the local approach.
2D LOS/NLOS urban maps and LTE MIMO performance evaluation for vehicular use cases (2017)

The recent developments in automotive industry are tending to satisfy the mobile users' demands for low delay and high bandwidth data to current and future cellular networks. To fulfil the needs of mobile users on mobility, the proper design of wireless communication is necessary. The design of wireless links without prior knowledge of obstructions, base station locations, and cell load is not realistic and challenging. To address this issue we implement realistic Line of Sight (LOS)/Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) urban maps and conduct field measurements in Long Term Evolution (LTE) 1800 MHz live network. The campaign is supported by knowing crucial information such as base station locations. The field measurements are carried out on-board of a commercial small vehicle which causes up to 3.9 dB penetration loss. The focus of this paper is on performance evaluation of diversity and multiplexing by Rank Indicators (RIs).
Cycle Life Studies of Advanced Technology Development Program Gen 1 Lithium Ion Batteries (2001)

This report presents the test results of a special calendar-life test conducted on 18650-size, prototype, lithium-ion battery cells developed to establish a baseline chemistry and performance for the Advanced Technology Development Program. As part of electrical performance testing, a new calendar-life test protocol was used. The test consisted of a once-per-day discharge and charge pulse designed to have minimal impact on the cell yet establish the performance of the cell over a period of time such that the calendar life of the cell could be determined. The calendar life test matrix included two states of charge (i.e., 60 and 80%) and four temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70°C). Discharge and regen resistances were calculated from the test data. Results indicate that both discharge and regen resistance increased nonlinearly as a function of the test time. The magnitude of the discharge and regen resistance depended on the temperature and state of charge at which the test was conducted. The calculated discharge and regen resistances were then used to develop empirical models that may be useful to predict the calendar life or the cells.
High-transconductance insulating-gate InP/InGaAs buried p-buffer DH-MODFETs grown by MOVPE (1989)

Buried p-buffer double heterostructure modulation-doped field-effect transistors (BP DH-MODFETs) with an InGaAs quantum-well channel were fabricated with high transconductance and good breakdown voltage, by placing the metal gate directly on Fe-doped InP insulating layer. Excellent extrinsic DC transconductance of 560 mS/mm and a high gate-to-drain diode breakdown voltage (greater than 20 V) were achieved at room temperature with FETs of 1.2- mu m gate length. Unity currently gain cutoff frequency f/sub T/ of 24 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency f/sub max/ of 60 GHz were demonstrated for a drain to source voltage V/sub DS/=4 V, which corresponds to an average electron velocity of 2.2*10/sup 7/ cm/s in the quantum well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
K-Auger electrons observed in coincidence with final projectile charge state in ion-atom collisions. [18. 75 MeV] (1979)

Coincidence techniques were used to study K-Auger electrons as a function of the initial and final charge states for C/sup q+/ and O/sup q+/ projectiles in Ar and Ne targets under single collision conditions. As an example some electron spectra for C/sup 2 +/ at 18.75 MeV on Ar are discussed in more detail. The coincidence spectra with the final charge states four and five are shown together with the corresponding spectra of the noncoincident events observed in the same runs. 3 references. (JFP)