gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of the DiI method accuracy on the example of the afferent connections of the Habenula in P6 F1-C57Bl6 / CBA mice (2018)

ABSTACT DiI (1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate) is a lipophilic carbocyanine stain diffusing in the plasma membrane and coloring the cell as a whole. The DiI injection method is an alternative to stereotaxis in the study of the neural connections of higher vertebrates. However, despite a number of studies performed to identify the neural connections of embryos and fetuses of different animals, the question of the accuracy of the DiI method remains open. The main goal of this study is to investigate the accuracy of the DiI method by examining the afferent Habenula (Hb) connections in P6 F1-C57Bl6/CBA mice. Hb is a paired structure of the intermediate brain, consisting of two nuclei - the medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb). At P6, the main Hb tracts are already formed but not yet myelinated. To estimate the accuracy of the method, two groups of cases with different types of application on different Hb nuclei were compared: bilateral applications of several DiI crystals - group 1 (26 applications); Unilateral applications of a single crystal DiI - control group 2 (7 applications). It is known that MHb is strictly innervated by Triangular septal nuclei (TS) and Septofimbrial septal nuclei (SFi); LHb is strictly innervated by the Lateral preopteic area (LPA). Any deviation from this scheme is a false positive result. When applying the marker to different Hb nuclei in group 1, the number of successful cases without deviations was -0%; in group 2 (control) - 28.57%. Unilateral applications of a single DiI crystal are more accurate. However, there are still a number of unavoidable problems, such as the fragmentation or loss of a single DiI crystal during application and the super-strong diffusion of the marker at the application site. Given this, the overall accuracy of the DiI injection method, even in the form of a single crystal, remains low.
A model for the acoustic impedance of linear suppressor materials bonded on perforated plate (1981)

An analytical model is developed for the acoustic impedance of a composite made of a fine screen bonded to a perforated plate, the resistance having been modeled using steady flow theory and data, and including both linear and nonlinear components. The model of the screen resistance alone is derived first, and it is then extended to include a perforated plate bonded to the screen. Quantities such as effective open ratio and pressure recovery are evaluated. Conclusions are presented, including: (1) when the screen is bonded to a perforated plate, the linear resistance increases as the inverse of the perforate open area, (2) the nonlinearity in the screen resistance depends on the square of the screen wire diameter, and (3) when the resistance is considered as a function of approach velocity, the screen nonlinear term increases as the inverse of the square of the perforated plate open area ratio. The general theory can be applied to any screen structure, but final results are limited to a twilled square weave screen. Results can be applied to the study of sound absorbing materials used for lining the walls of aircraft engine duct suppressors.
What's Preventing Us from Preventing Type 2 Diabetes? (2012)

The Diabetes Prevention Program studies showed that certain interventions could prevent or substantially delay the onset of type 2 diabetes safely and cost-effectively. But despite the disease's toll, diabetes prevention is not widely practiced in the United States.
Reconfigurable liquid metal fiber-optic mirror for continuous, widely-tunable true-time-delay (2013)

This paper reports the demonstration of a widely-translatable fiber-optic mirror based on the motion of liquid metal through the hollow core of a photonic bandgap fiber. By moving a liquid metal mirror within the hollow core of an optical fiber, large, continuous changes in optical path length are achieved in a comparatively small package. A fiber-optic device is demonstrated which provided a continuously-variable optical path length of over 3.6 meters, without the use of free-space optics or resonant optical techniques (i.e. slow light). This change in path length corresponds to a continuously-variable true-time delay of over 12 ns, or 120 periods at a modulation frequency of 10 GHz. Wavelength dependence was shown to be negligible across the C and L bands.
A method for the purification of bovine vitreous body hyaluronic acid. (1981)

Bovine vitreous body hyaluronic acid was treated with activated CH-Sepharose 4B after purification with cold 5% trichloroacetic acid. By this method a highly purified hyaluronic acid can be prepared. Contaminating serum proteins were completely removed. The remaining small amounts (0.3%) of the protein contaminants were found, by immunological methods, to be non-plasma proteins.
Modified Dauphinee Thermocouple Comparator Circuit for Adiabatic Calorimetry (1965)

A modified Dauphinee thermocouple circuit has been used to isolate the thermocouples in the circuitry of an adiabatic calorimeter. The system eliminates direct electrical connection between thermocouples to be welded to a common ground. The variation in the difference in the emf between two thermocouples at the same temperature is less than ±0.2 μV. A calorimeter using the Dauphinee circuit has been used to determine specific heats of metals up to 700°C with a reproducibility, over a wide range of heating rates, of better than ±0.5%.
What influences parents??? decisions to limit or withdraw life support?* (2005)

Prospective interviews with open-ended questions identified factors influencing parents' decision making not previously described in the critical care literature such as parents' past experiences with end-of-life decisions and their anticipated emotional adjustments and future resources. Inclusion of these factors into discussions is important to parents and may facilitate decisions regarding the limitation or withdrawal of life support.
Functional Assessment of Unattended Child Reminder Systems (2015)

Leaving an unattended child in a parked automobile can lead to heat stroke and death, even if only left for a few minutes. Child deaths from automobile-related heat stroke occur with lower frequency than those that occur in traffic crashes, but the nature of these completely preventable deaths warrants special attention. A young child’s inability to exit the vehicle on his/her own combined with a low tolerance for elevated temperatures requires that children never be left unattended in an automobile. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has conducted research and supported public awareness efforts in an attempt to address the problem of children dying of heat stroke after being left unattended in a parked vehicle or by gaining access to a parked vehicle. The largest subset of fatalities is children who have been unintentionally left in the vehicle by the driver or caregiver upon arrival at the destination. Acknowledging that technology may help to prevent cases of forgotten children, NHTSA has investigated electronic reminder devices developed specifically to address this problem. With this document, NHTSA describes observations of system capabilities and outlines its new methodology for a functional assessment of both add-on and integrated reminder systems. The document includes results from the functional assessments of several of these commercially available products. The test methodology presented in this document may help innovators bring more robust child safety products to market.
Tumor angiogenesis, from foe to friend (2015)

Treatments that normalize or even promote blood vessel growth may enhance drug delivery to tumors
On en parle encore - A propos de l'article "Perspectives de lutte biologique contre les Rongeurs champêtres" de Michel Pascal (1993)

International audience
Lung Cytokine Production in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis (1992)

In bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, lung injury is accompanied with inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. In this study, lung mRNA for several cytokines was measured in bleomycin-treated mice to evaluate their roles in lung fibrosis. Significant increases in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA were found in lungs of bleomycin-treated responder CBA mice but not in nonresponder BALB/c mice. Increases in responder animals peaked on day 7 after bleomycin administration, and subsequently returned toward control levels. This time course paralleled that for the increase in beta-actin mRNA, but preceded the peak increase in mRNA for collagens I and III. When lung macrophages were analyzed for cytokine secretion, differences were observed between alveolar macrophages and interstitial cells, and between cells from bleomycin-responsive CBA and nonresponsive BALB/c mice. Only alveolar macrophages from CBA mice secreted increased amounts of IL-1. TNF-alpha activity was increased in conditioned media of alveolar and interstitial cells of CBA mice, while only alveolar macrophages of nonresponder BALB/c mice secreted any activity. The kinetics of the increased secretion of TNF-alpha was dissimilar for these different cells. These results are consistent with the conclusion that increased production of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta is an important component of the fibrotic process.
Acousto-optic generation of two-dimensional spot arrays (1991)

We demonstrate, through the use of an acousto-optic system, the generation of two-dimensional uniform spot arrays with high diffraction efficiency. The system consists of two acousto-optic cells oriented orthogonally to each other and driven by an arbitrary waveform generator. Determination of the acousto-optic drive signal is discussed, as well as techniques for generating arbitrary spot arrays.
HCI in domains (1999)

For quite a while, human-computer interaction (HCI) cannot be restricted to a group of computer gurus who provide their research results to a wider audience of consumers. HCI is more integrated in domains such as aerospace (Boy et al., 1998), medicine, education, entertainment and process control. Domains specialists need to handle HCI issues because they are much more involved in their domain needs and requirements than everyone else. These people have recognized the need to meet in order to discuss their specific domain-dependent issues in HCI. However, specificity is not their only concern. They also need to know what is being done in other domains where potential similar solutions could be of immense interest to them. Knowledge sharing in HCI is a very important issue that need to be further investigated, not from a top-down manner, but from a bottom-up manner. This is another way to produce scientific results by comparing, abstracting and categorizing results from different domains but significantly similar from an HCI perspective.
Editorial (2019)

The present study evaluated the effect of different rates of chlorantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, spinosad, and chlorfenapyr on their selectivity for the pupae and adults of Trichogramma pretiosum. The negative effect of majority of the insecticides tested on most of the parasitoids was directly proportional to the rate of the insecticide applied. Chlorantraniliprole at a rate of 10 g a.i. ha-1 was classified as harmless (class 1) to both pupae and adults of the parasitoid. The effect of chlorantraniliprole at a rate of 20 to 50 g a.i. ha-1 varied from harmless (class 1) to slightly harmful (class 2) to the adults of T. pretiosum. Chlorantraniliprole 10 + lambda-cyhalothrin at 5 g a.i. ha-1 was classified as harmless (class 1) to the pupae and moderately harmful (class 3) to the adults of T. pretiosum. On the contrary, the highest rate of chlorantraniliprole 50 + lambda-cyhalothrin tested (i.e., 25 g a.i. ha-1) was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to the pupae and harmful (class 4) to the adults of the parasitoid. Similarly, increasing the application rate of spinosad and chlorfenapyr also exhibited an increase in toxicity. Spinosad at a rate of 24 g a.i. ha-1 was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) and harmless (class 1) to the pupae and adults of T. pretiosum, respectively. Spinosad at 96 g a.i. ha-1 was classified as both moderately harmful (class 3) and harmful (class 4) to the pupae of the parasitoid. Chlorfenapyr at a rate of 192 g a.i. ha-1 was classified as both slightly harmful (class 2) and moderately harmful (class 3) to the pupae of T. pretiosum, whereas chlorfenapyr at 336 g a.i. ha-1 was categorized as slightly harmful (class 3) and harmful (class 4) to the pupae. These results indicate that an increase in the rate of insecticide affected T. pretiosum negatively. Therefore, higher insecticide rates should only be adopted when strictly necessary to control the target pest, because they might compromise the biological pest control process in the field.
The Name's the Same (1999)

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Wet‐Spun Biodegradable Fibers on Conducting Platforms: Novel Architectures for Muscle Regeneration (2009)

Abstract Novel biosynthetic platforms supporting ex vivo growth of partially differentiated muscle cells in an aligned linear orientation that is consistent with the structural requirements of muscle tissue are described. These platforms consist of biodegradable polymer fibers spatially aligned on a conducting polymer substrate. Long multinucleated myotubes are formed from differentiation of adherent myoblasts, which align longitudinally to the fiber axis to form linear cell‐seeded biosynthetic fiber constructs. The biodegradable polymer fibers bearing undifferentiated myoblasts can be detached from the substrate following culture. The ability to remove the muscle cell‐seeded polymer fibers when required provides the means to use the biodegradable fibers as linear muscle‐seeded scaffold components suitable for in vivo implantation into muscle. These fibers are shown to promote differentiation of muscle cells in a highly organized linear unbranched format in vitro and thereby potentially facilitate more stable integration into recipient tissue, providing structural support and mechanical protection for the donor cells. In addition, the conducting substrate on which the fibers are placed provides the potential to develop electrical stimulation paradigms for optimizing the ex vivo growth and synchronization of muscle cells on the biodegradable fibers prior to implantation into diseased or damaged muscle tissue.
Interaction of short-term depression and firing dynamics in shaping single neuron encoding (2013)

We investigated how the two properties short-term synaptic depression of afferent input and postsynaptic firing dynamics combine to determine the operating mode of a neuron. While several computational roles have been ascribed to either, their interaction has not been studied. We considered two types of short-term synaptic dynamics (release-dependent and release-independent depression) and two classes of firing dynamics (regular firing and firing with spike-frequency adaptation). The input-output transformation of the four possible combinations of pre- and post-synaptic dynamics was characterized. Adapting neurons receiving input from release-dependent synapses functioned largely as coincidence detectors. The other three configurations showed properties consistent with integrators, each with distinct features. These results suggest that the operating mode of a neuron is determined by both the pre- and post-synaptic dynamics and that studying them together is necessary to understand emergent properties and their implications for neuronal coding.
Primary Choriocarcinoma In The Posterior Mediastinum (2002)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Case Reports1 Apr 2002Primary Choriocarcinoma In The Posterior Mediastinum Sin-Ichi Yamashita, Chikara Ohyama, Haruo Nakagawa, Akira Takeuchi, Mika Watanabe, and Senji Hoshi Sin-Ichi YamashitaSin-Ichi Yamashita More articles by this author , Chikara OhyamaChikara Ohyama More articles by this author , Haruo NakagawaHaruo Nakagawa More articles by this author , Akira TakeuchiAkira Takeuchi More articles by this author , Mika WatanabeMika Watanabe More articles by this author , and Senji HoshiSenji Hoshi More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65206-8AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Primary Choriocarcinoma In The Posterior Mediastinum." The Journal of Urology, 167(4), p. 1789 References 1 : Extragonadal germ cell tumors and unrecognized germ cell tumors. Semin Oncol1992; 19: 119. Google Scholar 2 : Extragonadal germ cell tumors. Surgery1973; 73: 85. Google Scholar 3 : Primary seminoma in the posterior mediastinum. J Urol2001; 165: 908. Abstract, Google Scholar From the Departments of Urology and Pathology, Tohoku University of Medicine, Sendai, Japan© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 167Issue 4April 2002Page: 1789 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.Keywordsgerminomamediastinal neoplasmschoriocarcinomaMetricsAuthor Information Sin-Ichi Yamashita More articles by this author Chikara Ohyama More articles by this author Haruo Nakagawa More articles by this author Akira Takeuchi More articles by this author Mika Watanabe More articles by this author Senji Hoshi More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Gel Oxidation of Titanium at Low Concentration of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) (2015)

Gel oxidation is an effective thermochemical method for the preparation of bioactive titanium surfaces. This study aims to investigate the effect of low concentration of NaOH on gel oxidation of titanium when subjected to various temperatures. Titanium foils were soaked in NaOH aqueous solutions with the concentration of 0.5 M or 1.0 M, followed by oxidation in the range of 400°C to 800°C. The crystallinity of the film was determined using glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD). The microstructures were examined using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Focused ion beam milling (FIB) was used for cross-sectional imaging. At low NaOH concentration, the amount of sodium titanate hydrogel, if present, was too low to detect after gelation. Subsequent oxidation at 400°C was insufficient to form sufficient anatase and/or rutile to be detectable by GAXRD. Oxidation at 600°C and 800°C resulted in the detection of rutile. The concentration of the NaOH solution was important that it affected the dissolution or retention of the anatase passive oxidation layer whereby low concentrations of the NaOH solution (0.5 M and 1.0 M) resulted in a low degree of dissolution.
Burrowing of Co Nanoparticles on Clean Cu and Ag Surfaces (1999)

Metal nanoparticles can display a unique behavior when deposited on substrates with a significantly lower surface energy. Co nanoparticles in the 10 nm size regime burrow into clean Cu(100) and Ag(100) substrates when deposited at 600 K and also assume the substrate orientation. Deposition at room temperature fails to show either burrowing or reorientation. Crucial in understanding these results are the capillary forces and surface tension associated with a nanoparticle: they must be high enough to drive atoms away from underneath the cluster.
Distinguishing Parkinson's disease from other syndromes causing tremor using automatic analysis of writing and drawing tasks (2015)

An easily performed and objective test of patients fine motor skills would be valuable in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study we present a set of automatic methods for quantifying the motor symptoms of PD and show that these automatically extracted features can be used to distinguish PD from other movement disorders causing tremor, namely essential tremor (ET), functional tremor (FT) and enhanced physiological tremor (EPT). The classification accuracies (mean of sensitivity and specificity) for separating PD from the other tremor syndromes were 82.0 % for ET, 69.8 % for FT and 72.2 % for EPT.
Autocrine Production of β-Chemokines Protects CMV-Specific CD4+ T Cells from HIV Infection (2009)

Induction of a functional subset of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells that is resistant to HIV infection could enhance immune protection and decrease the rate of HIV disease progression. CMV-specific CD4+ T cells, which are less frequently infected than HIV-specific CD4+ T cells, are a model for such an effect. To determine the mechanism of this protection, we compared the functional response of HIV gag-specific and CMV pp65-specific CD4+ T cells in individuals co-infected with CMV and HIV. We found that CMV-specific CD4+ T cells rapidly up-regulated production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta mRNA, resulting in a rapid increase in production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta after cognate antigen stimulation. Production of beta-chemokines was associated with maturational phenotype and was rarely seen in HIV-specific CD4+ T cells. To test whether production of beta-chemokines by CD4+ T cells lowers their susceptibility to HIV infection, we measured cell-associated Gag DNA to assess the in vivo infection history of CMV-specific CD4+ T cells. We found that CMV-specific CD4+ T cells which produced MIP-1beta contained 10 times less Gag DNA than did those which failed to produce MIP-1beta. These data suggest that CD4+ T cells which produce MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta bind these chemokines in an autocrine fashion which decreases the risk of in vivo HIV infection.
Simultaneous cytokine analysis by cytometric bead array for the detection of leukaemia‐reactive T cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (2005)

In order to detect T cells against several chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)-associated antigens we used: (i) a novel T-cell assay [cytometric bead array (CBA)]; (ii) gamma-interferon enzyme-linked immunoSPOT (gamma-IFN-ELISpot); and (iii) tetramer staining in peripheral blood from CML patients. Peptide-specific cytokine release was detected by CBA in some patients, whereas standard gamma-IFN-ELISpot and tetramer staining were negative in the vast majority of cases. In CBA, peptide-specific cytokine release was predominantly tumour necrosis factor-alpha, raising questions about the responding cells and their functional status. CBA appears to be a new useful tool for the detection of leukaemia-reactive T cells.