gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fetal exposure to maternal inflammation interrupts murine intestinal development and increases susceptibility to neonatal intestinal injury (2019)

Fetal exposure to chorioamnionitis can impact the outcomes of the developing fetus both at the time of birth and in the subsequent neonatal period. Infants exposed to chorioamnionitis have a higher incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) pathology, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); however, the mechanism remains undefined. To simulate the fetal exposure to maternal inflammation (FEMI) induced by chorioamnionitis, pregnant mice (C57BL/6J, <i>IL-6</i><sup>-/-</sup>, <i>RAG</i><sup>-/-</sup> or <i>TNFR1</i><sup>-/-</sup>) were injected intraperitoneally on embryonic day (E)15.5 with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 µg/kg body weight). Pups were delivered at term, and reared to postnatal day (P)0, P7, P14, P28 or P56. Serum and intestinal tissue samples were collected to quantify growth, inflammatory markers, histological intestinal injury, and goblet and Paneth cells. To determine whether FEMI increased subsequent susceptibility to intestinal injury, a secondary dose of LPS (100 µg/kg body weight) was given on P5, prior to tissue harvesting on P7. FEMI had no effect on growth of the offspring or their small intestine. FEMI significantly decreased both goblet and Paneth cell numbers while simultaneously increasing serum levels of IL-1β, IL-10, KC/GRO (CXCL1 and CXCL2), TNF and IL-6. These alterations were IL-6 dependent and, importantly, increased susceptibility to LPS-induced intestinal injury later in life. Our data show that FEMI impairs normal intestinal development by decreasing components of innate immunity and simultaneously increasing markers of inflammation. These changes increase susceptibility to intestinal injury later in life and provide novel mechanistic data to potentially explain why preterm infants exposed to chorioamnionitis prior to birth have a higher incidence of NEC and other GI disorders.
Out in Inorganic Chemistry: A Celebration of LGBTQIAPN+ Inorganic Chemists (2022)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTOut in Inorganic Chemistry: A Celebration of LGBTQIAPN+ Inorganic ChemistsAbhik Ghosh*Abhik GhoshDepartment of Chemistry, UiT─The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, NorwayDepartment of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States*Email: [email protected]More by Abhik Ghoshhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-6364 and William B. Tolman*William B. TolmanDepartment of Chemistry, UiT─The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, NorwayDepartment of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States*Email: [email protected]More by William B. Tolmanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-6409Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 2022, 61, 14, 5435–5441Publication Date (Web):April 11, 2022Publication History Published online11 April 2022Published inissue 11 April 2022https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00729Copyright © Published 2022 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views-Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Color,Energy transfer,Students,Inorganic chemistry,Catalysis Get e-Alerts
Investigation of Bacterial Cellulose-based Fractional Order Element behaviour (2021)

In this paper, the study of a constant phase element is presented. The device is realized by Bacterial Cellulose imbibed with Ionic Liquids. In particular, the realized device is investigated in a wide interval of time, with constant nominal working conditions. The authors demonstrate the fractional nature of the device in a very large frequency range. An Equivalent Electric Circuit Model is provided, giving evidence of its fractional-order nature.
Design and Testing of Single-body 2-DOF Magnetic Levitator for Non-contact Object Transportation (2022)

This paper presents the design and testing of a two degree-of-freedom (DOF) magnetic levitator which is capable of controlling the levitational- and lateral-direction forces in a decoupled manner using a single-body actuator. Our 2-DOF levitator is composed of an U-shaped iron-core, an internal permanent magnet (PM), and a pair of actuating coil windings. A 1-inch steel ball is used as a levitated target, and its position is measured in real-time by dual fiber optic sensors. The two perpendicular forces are generated and decoupled by the combination of the PM-biased flux and the coil-driven flux in the common and differential current-excitation modes. We present our control strategy for the decoupled 2-DOF stabilization, and experimentally validate the control performance of our 2-DOF actuator. Using our actuator and the decoupled 2-DOF control, we achieve the significant improvement on the stiffness and the damping of the levitated target in the transportation direction, thereby achieving 82 % reduction in the lateral deviation and 99 % reduction in the settling time as compared to a general 1-DOF magnetic levitation system. Such promising results show a significant potential of our single-body 2-DOF levitator for the high-throughput non-contact object transportation.
Comparative Bacterial Proteomics: Analysis of the Core Genome Concept (2008)

While comparative bacterial genomic studies commonly predict a set of genes indicative of common ancestry, experimental validation of the existence of this core genome requires extensive measurement and is typically not undertaken. Enabled by an extensive proteome database developed over six years, we have experimentally verified the expression of proteins predicted from genomic ortholog comparisons among 17 environmental and pathogenic bacteria. More exclusive relationships were observed among the expressed protein content of phenotypically related bacteria, which is indicative of the specific lifestyles associated with these organisms. Although genomic studies can establish relative orthologous relationships among a set of bacteria and propose a set of ancestral genes, our proteomics study establishes expressed lifestyle differences among conserved genes and proposes a set of expressed ancestral traits.
Update on Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2003)

Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains an important challenge for the intensive care clinician. ARDS, which can result from either direct lung injury or from a "downstream" inflammatory process, is manifested by profound hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The care of pediatric ARDS is based on a meticulous, multidisciplinary, intensive care team approach. This review discusses the changing definition of ARDS and available intensive care treatment modalities, including newer lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategies and adjunct therapies. The prognosis of children suffering pediatric ARDS is examined with a look toward areas of potential future intervention in this often deadly disease.
Poloidal Flow Velocity Measurement in High-Density NBI Plasmas of Heliotron J (2018)

A high-density experiment using a novel fueling technique-high-intensity gas puffing (HIGP)-has been performed in Heliotron J. Using the recently developed charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS), a poloidal flow shear is observed at the peripheral region of high-density NBI plasmas. The evaluation of radial electric field based on the experimental results of toroidal and poloidal rotation velocities shows the formation of a large Er shear in the peripheral region.
Reference Waveform Flat Pulse Generator (1983)

The NBS Reference Flat Pulse Generator (RFPG) is used to transfer dc voltage and resistance standards to the nanosecond domain. It provides a step amplitude of 1.000 V (open circuit) from a source impedance of 50.0 Ω. The transition duration is 600 ps, and all perturbations are damped out to less than ±10 mV within 5 ns. It can also be used as a time interval transfer standard.
A full 1.2 mu m CMOS ECL-CMOS-ECL converter with subnanosecond settling times (2002)

A full 1.2 mu m CMOS circuit which converts digital signals from ECL to CMOS and vice versa is presented. High performances are obtained due to the use of only NMOS devices in the signal path, replica biasing for accurate control of the signal levels, and charge injection to ensure extremely steep edges and subnanosecond settling times. To test and demonstrate the possibilities, a full CMOS ECL-compatible repeater for a broadband ISDN switching board has been designed: the attenuated ECL signal is converted in CMOS levels, stored in a high-speed CMOS flip-flop (which represented CMOS logic), and finally converted back into an ECL signal. The system can detect and drive 75 Omega interconnected lines as long as 15 m. The total system has two clock slices (clock and clock inverse), four data slices and one frame slice.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterisation of novel lung cancer cell lines for immuno-inhibitory markers (2018)

The present study investigates the expression of immune biomarkers, PD-L1 and HLA-1 on novel lung cancer cell lines (H838, H838-EGFR, A549, A549-ALK, HCC 827, NCI 1650, TWIT, Jacket). PD-L1 and HLA-1 characterisation were initially performed and analysed via flow cytometry. These results showed that the expression of PD-L1 and HLA-1 varies across the cell lines from high percent to low. The effect of IFNy on biomarkers expression was also investigated following a 48 hour incubation period. of the cell lines analysed the expression of PD-L1 increases with IFNy stimulation whilst HLA-1 remains relatively unchanged. Trypan blue assays for cell viability were performed, showing that when stimulated, cells were 100% viable whereas viability decreases upon IFNy exposure.
Very low threshold double heterojunction laser diodes of (AlGa)As (1975)

This paper describes the characteristics of double-heterojunction GaAs/(AlGa)As laser diodes with the lowest room temperature threshold current density (475 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) yet reported and a very small temperature sensitivity. The CW output from such lasers is only halved between 22 and 80°C at constant current.
Quantitative Assessment of Shockwave Lithotripsy Accuracy and the Effect of Respiratory Motion (2012)

US imaging during SWL revealed that 40% of shockwaves miss the stone and contribute solely to tissue injury, primarily from movement with respiration. These data support the need for a device to deliver shockwaves only when the stone is in target. US imaging provides real-time assessment of stone targeting and accuracy of shockwave delivery.
La distribution de la ﬂuméthrine sur le pelage de bovins après application topicale (1993)

La distribution de la fluméthrine dans le pelage de bovins après application topique ("pour-on") a été déterminée par analyse chimique. La fluméthrine a été appliquée à 1 mg de substance active (s.a.) par kg de poids corporel, le long de la ligne dorsale. Il a été démontré que le produit pouvait être retrouvé dans tous les échantillons de poils prélevés de régions dorsales, latérales, ventrales et distales 1 jour après l'application, dans des concentrations allant de 670 à 1 mg de s.a. par g de poils, selon la distance du site d'application. Trois, 5 et 10 jours après l'application ces concentrations variaient respectivement de 125-1,5, 23-1 et 44-0,9 mg de s.a. Une corrélation de ces valeurs avec la surface corporelle de bovins montre qu'il y avait plus de 0,01 mg de s.a./cm2 de surface corporelle sur toutes les régions du corps et tous les jours des prélèvements. Cette quantité est suffisante pour une activité acaricide efficace, comme l'ont montré des données de laboratoire et de terrain.
Generic Related-key Attacks for HMAC. (2012)

Abstract. In this article we describe new generic distinguishing and forgery attacks in the related-key scenario (using only a single related-key) for the HMAC construction. When HMAC uses a k-bit key, outputs an n-bit MAC, and is instantiated with an l-bit inner iterative hash function processing m-bit message blocks where m = k, our distinguishing-R attack requires about 2 n/2 queries which improves over the currently best known generic attack complexity 2 l/2 as soon as l&amp;gt; n. This means that contrary to the general belief, using wide-pipe hash functions as internal primitive will not increase the overall security of HMAC in the related-key model when the key size is equal to the message block size. We also present generic relatedkey distinguishing-H, internal state recovery and forgery attacks. Our method is new and elegant, and uses a simple cycle-size detection criterion. The issue in the HMAC construction (not present in the NMAC construction) comes from the non-independence of the two inner hash layers and we provide a simple patch in order to avoid this generic attack. Our work finally shows that the choice of the opad and ipad constants value in HMAC is important. Key words: HMAC, hash function, distinguisher, forgery, related-key. 1
Fast Statistically Homogeneous Pixel Selection for Covariance Matrix Estimation for Multitemporal InSAR (2014)

Multitemporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is increasingly being used for Earth observations. Inaccurate estimation of the covariance matrix is considered to be the most important source of error in such applications. Previous studies, namely, DeSpecKS and its variants, have demonstrated their advantages in improving the estimation accuracy for distributed targets by means of statistically homogeneous pixels (SHPs). However, these methods may be unreliable for small sample sizes and sensitive to data stacks showing large time spacing due to the variability of the temporal sample. Moreover, these methods are computationally intensive. In this paper, a new algorithm named fast SHP selection (FaSHPS) is proposed to solve both problems. FaSHPS explores the confidence interval for each pixel by invoking the central limit theorem and then selects SHPs using this interval. Based on identified SHPs, two estimators with respect to the despeckling and the bias mitigation of the sample coherence are proposed to refine the elements of the InSAR covariance matrix. A series of qualitative and quantitative evaluations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Introduction of High Throughput Magnetic Resonance T2-Weighted Image Texture Analysis for WHO Grade 2 and 3 Gliomas (2016)

Reports have suggested that tumor textures presented on T2-weighted images correlate with the genetic status of glioma. Therefore, development of an image analyzing framework that is capable of objective and high throughput image texture analysis for large scale image data collection is needed. The current study aimed to address the development of such a framework by introducing two novel parameters for image textures on T2-weighted images, i.e., Shannon entropy and Prewitt filtering. Twenty-two WHO grade 2 and 28 grade 3 glioma patients were collected whose pre-surgical MRI and IDH1 mutation status were available. Heterogeneous lesions showed statistically higher Shannon entropy than homogenous lesions (p = 0.006) and ROC curve analysis proved that Shannon entropy on T2WI was a reliable indicator for discrimination of homogenous and heterogeneous lesions (p = 0.015, AUC = 0.73). Lesions with well-defined borders exhibited statistically higher Edge mean and Edge median values using Prewitt filtering than those with vague lesion borders (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0005 respectively). ROC curve analysis also proved that both Edge mean and median values were promising indicators for discrimination of lesions with vague and well defined borders and both Edge mean and median values performed in a comparable manner (p = 0.0002, AUC = 0.81 and p < 0.0001, AUC = 0.83, respectively). Finally, IDH1 wild type gliomas showed statistically lower Shannon entropy on T2WI than IDH1 mutated gliomas (p = 0.007) but no difference was observed between IDH1 wild type and mutated gliomas in Edge median values using Prewitt filtering. The current study introduced two image metrics that reflect lesion texture described on T2WI. These two metrics were validated by readings of a neuro-radiologist who was blinded to the results. This observation will facilitate further use of this technique in future large scale image analysis of glioma.
Comparison of Urodynamic Findings in Women With Anatomical Versus Functional Bladder Outlet Obstruction (2013)

Anatomical bladder outlet obstruction and FO have similar urodynamic voiding pressure findings, but Qmax was statistically significantly lower in AO. However, there is a large overlap in the Qmax values between the 2 groups. Therefore, future studies that attempt to characterize bladder outlet obstruction in women need not exclude either group.
Synthesis and Trapping of Transient 1,2-Diselones To Yield 1,4-Diselenin Derivatives: Calculated Structures of 1,2-Diselones, 1,2-Diselenetes and Their Sulfur Analogues (2000)

Two conceptually different routes to transient 1,2-diselones are reported: 1) via ring fragmentation of the 1,4,2-diselenazine system 6, and 2) by the tributylphosphane-induced depolymerisation of the shelf-stable organoselenium polymer 15. Evidence for the intermediacy of 1,2-diselone species 7 and 16 is provided in both cases by in situ trapping with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) to yield 1,4-diselenin derivatives. The route via 15 is especially expedient and trapping of 16 is efficient. Subsequent reactions of adduct 17 afford [1,2-ethanediylbis(diphenylphosphane)] [5,6-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-diselenin-2,3-dithiolato]nickel(IV) (20). Theoretical calculations at Hartree-Fock (HF) and Moller-Plesset electron-correlated levels (MP2) suggest that the cyclic 1,2-diselenete structure 7c is significantly more stable than the acyclic 1,2-diselone structure 7a. For the bicyclic system 16, the difference in energy between the cyclic and acyclic structures is considerably reduced due to the conformational rigidity imposed by the fused 1,3-dithiole ring. In contrast, the acyclic structures of the 1,2-dithione analogues 13a and 25a are computed to be more stable than their corresponding cyclic 1,2-dithiete structures 13c and 25c.
Solution NMR structure of VF0530 from Vibrio fischeri reveals a nucleic acid‐binding function (2011)

Protein domain family PF09905 (DUF2132) is a family of small domains of unknown function that are conserved in a wide range of bacteria. Here we describe the solution NMR structure of the 80-residue VF0530 protein from Vibrio fischeri, the first structural representative from this protein domain family. We demonstrate that the structure of VF0530 adopts a unique four-helix motif that shows some similarity to the C-terminal double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) binding domain of RecA, as well as other nucleic acid binding domains. Moreover, gel shift binding data indicate a potential dsDNA binding role for VF0530.
A top-down methodology for microprocessor validation (2004)

A major challenge in today's functional verification is the lack of a formal specification with which to compare the RTL model. We propose a novel top-down verification approach that allows specification of a design above the RTL. From this specification, it is possible to automatically generate assertion models and RTL reference models. We also demonstrate that symbolic simulation and equivalence checking can be applied to verify an RTL design against its specification.
Growth stimulation of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines by interleukin 4. (1996)

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) has been reported recently to inhibit growth of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanoma, sarcoma, breast, gastric, colon, and renal tumor cell lines, and treatment of murine tumors with IL-4 gene-transduced cells has been therapeutically successful. Therefore, we sought to determine the effect of IL-4 on the growth of human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) cell lines. Growth of SCCHN cell lines incubated in the presence of various concentrations of IL-4 was measured in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assays and by cell counts. Specific binding of IL-4 to SCCHN cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry with phycoerythrin-labeled IL-4, blocking studies with antibodies to IL-4, and using the radiolabeled ligand 125I-labeled IL-4. Reverse transcription PCR for IL-4 and IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) mRNA was performed. SCCHN tissue biopsies were examined by immunohistology and in situ hybridization for the presence of IL-4 protein and IL-4 mRNA in the tumor, respectively. In contrast to earlier reports, we observed growth stimulatory effects of IL-4 consistently in 6 of 13 SCCHN cell lines tested. Growth stimulation by IL-4 ranged from 20 to 200% of control (P < 0.05) and was IL-4 dose dependent. The growth-promoting effect of IL-4 was inhibited completely by incubation of tumor cells in the presence of antibodies specific for IL-4. Reverse transcription PCR analysis of mRNA obtained from the SCCHN cell lines and ELISA performed with SCCHN cell supernatants respectively indicated that the tumor cells did not transcribe or secrete IL-4 actively. The SCCHN cell lines expressed 260-540 IL-4Rs/cell with a dissociation constant of 100 +/- 8 pM. SCCHN cell lines also contained IL-4R mRNA. Immunostaining of SCCHN tissue biopsies indicated that IL-4 may be produced and secreted within these tumors by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In situ hybridization for IL-4 mRNA indicated the presence of positive cells in the tumor stroma. Our data suggest that IL-4 may regulate the growth of SCCHN cells by a paracrine mechanism. These data also indicate that immunotherapy with exogenous IL-4 or IL-4 gene therapy to treat head and neck cancer may not be effective, given the potential tumor growth-stimulatory effects of this cytokine.