gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antidepressant-Induced Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus of Adult Nonhuman Primates (2007)

New neurons are generated in the adult hippocampus of many species including rodents, monkeys, and humans. Conditions associated with major depression, such as social stress, suppress hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and primates. In contrast, all classes of antidepressants stimulate neuronal generation, and the behavioral effects of these medications are abolished when neurogenesis is blocked. These findings generated the hypothesis that induction of neurogenesis is a necessary component in the mechanism of action of antidepressant treatments. To date, the effects of antidepressants on newborn neurons have been reported only in rodents and tree shrews. This study examines whether neurogenesis is increased in nonhuman primates after antidepressant treatment. Adult monkeys received repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS), which is the animal analog of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the most effective short-term antidepressant. Compared with control conditions, ECS robustly increased precursor cell proliferation in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the monkey hippocampus. A majority of these precursors differentiated into neurons or endothelial cells, while a few matured into glial cells. The ECS-mediated induction of cell proliferation and neurogenesis was accompanied by increased immunoreactivity for the neuroprotective gene product BCL2 (B cell chronic lymphocytic lymphoma 2) in the SGZ. The ECS interventions were not accompanied by increased hippocampal cell death or injury. This study demonstrates that ECS is capable of inducing neurogenesis in the nonhuman primate hippocampus and supports the possibility that antidepressant interventions produce similar alterations in the human brain.
Studies on Penicillin. XI (1951)

Penicillin was said to be unstable against primary and secondary amines but the authors obtained amine salts by the application of several kinds of primary and secondary amines. These amine salts were found to be convenient for the purification and identification of penicillin and from which alkali salts of penicillin were obtained in pure forms.
Piezoelectric transformer AC-DC converter over a worldwide range of input voltage by combined PWM and PFM control (2002)

An AC-DC power converter using a piezoelectric transformer is presented. A new control method of the combination of PVM and PFM control is used. The AC-DC power converter for worldwide range of input voltage implemented on a printed circuit board is experimentally evaluated and as a result, a good controllability is successfully achieved.
Neonatal synapse elimination in the rat submandibular ganglion: effect of retarded target growth (1987)

1. We have studied synapse elimination in the submandibular ganglion of neonatal rats to determine the effects of retarded target growth on synaptic development. Neurons of this ganglion provide parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. 2. Ligating the main salivary ducts 2-4 days after birth at a point where nerve fibers were not damaged reduces gland weight by 55% during the 2nd wk after birth and 80% by adulthood. 3. In control animals, the average number of preganglionic inputs/neuron normally declines steadily during the first few weeks after birth, before stabilizing during the 5th wk at the control adult level. Between birth and adulthood, the number of ganglionic neurons increases by 150%. 4. Ganglia from duct-ligated animals showed an acceleration in the process of synapse elimination. Input number in experimental ganglia reached the control adult level during the 3rd wk after birth. This acceleration is confined solely to ganglia that innervate the underdeveloped glands. 5. The loss of inputs was not further enhanced by prolonged target atrophy. Thus average input numbers to neurons of 5th wk or adult experimental ganglia were not different from age-matched control values. 6. No differences from control values were seen in most cases for resting potentials, input resistances, or cell size. However, the increase in neuron number was retarded in experimental animals, and the number of synapses/neuronal profile was reduced in the adult animals. 7. Thus subnormal target growth leads to an acceleration in the process of synaptic elimination in neonatal rats. This acceleration may be mediated by alterations in the level of trophic factors emanating from the target.
Iodine-induced Cyclizations of N-Alkoxyaminoalkenes. A Stereocontrolled Approach to trans-2,6-Disubstituted Piperidine Alkaloids (2004)

Iodine-induced intramolecular cyclizations of γ-alkenyl-Nalkoxyamines preferentially produce 2,6-trans-disubstituted piperidines.Subsequent iodoetherifications of N-benzyloxypiperidines demonstrate the stereoselective transfer of oxygen to a proximate carbon via formation of bicyclic 1,3-syn-isoxazolidines.The strategy facilitates preparation of nonracemic piperidine diols from acyclic, optically active alcohols.Piperidine alkaloids are among the most common heterocyclic natural products, and many studies have examined the development of stereoselective pathways for the preparation of functionalized examples of this family. 1,2In part, these efforts have significantly contributed toward the stereocontrolled formation of amino alcohols as a central topic in medicinal chemistry. 3Thus, examples such as dihydroandrachcine (1), 4 sedinine (2), 5 and clavepictine B (3) 6 continue to be topics for chemical studies.Herein, we describe the use of chiral, nonracemic N-alkoxyamines in iodine-induced cyclizations of acyclic alkenyl derivatives for the stereocontrolled construction of hydroxylated trans-2,6-disubstituted piperidines.
Two new ten-vertex arachno mixed-atom diheteroboranes, 6,9-CNB8H13and 6,9-CSB8H12 (1991)

Treatment of the monocarbaborane arachno-4-CB8H14 with either sodium nitrite or elemental sulphur in the presence of triethylamine results in the isolation of two representatives of the ten-vertex arachno family of cluster carbaheteroboranes, 6,9-CNB8H13 and 6,9-CSB8H12, the constitution of which has been established on the basis of 1H, 11B, [11B–11B]-COSY, and [1H–1H]-COSY NMR data and mass spectroscopic measurements.
Scientific substantiation of a health claim related to animal protein and bone growth pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 1 Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (2008)

SUMMARY Following an application from the Association de la Transformation Laitiere Francaise (ATLA) submitted pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of France, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to proteins of animal origin and bone growth. The scope of the application was proposed to fall under claims referring to children’s development and health. The health claim relates to food products containing proteins of animal origin. The applicant has proposed that the claim shall apply to all foods providing at least 12% of their energy value as protein. It is not stated whether this minimum value concerns protein of animal origin only. The Panel considers that the constituent (animal protein) which is the subject of the claim is sufficiently characterised.
Clear Cell Change in Thyroid Carcinoma: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study with Identification of Variable Genetic Anomalies (2017)

Clear-cell change in thyroid carcinoma is rare, is more common in FTC than it is in PTC, is found focally or multifocally within a given lesion, and is frequently associated with RAS mutations (33%). Clear-cell change in thyroid neoplasia should raise the possibility of follicular carcinoma, and should not be treated differently from other carcinomas of similar grade and stage.
ATM Cash demand forecasting in an Indian Bank with chaos and deep learning (2020)

This paper proposes to model chaos in the ATM cash withdrawal time series of a big Indian bank and forecast the withdrawals using deep learning methods. It also considers the importance of day-of-the-week and includes it as a dummy exogenous variable. We first modelled the chaos present in the withdrawal time series by reconstructing the state space of each series using the lag, and embedding dimension found using an auto-correlation function and Cao's method. This process converts the uni-variate time series into multi variate time series. The "day-of-the-week" is converted into seven features with the help of one-hot encoding. Then these seven features are augmented to the multivariate time series. For forecasting the future cash withdrawals, using algorithms namely ARIMA, random forest (RF), support vector regressor (SVR), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), group method of data handling (GMDH), general regression neural network (GRNN), long short term memory neural network and 1-dimensional convolutional neural network. We considered a daily cash withdrawals data set from an Indian commercial bank. After modelling chaos and adding exogenous features to the data set, we observed improvements in the forecasting for all models. Even though the random forest (RF) yielded better Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE) value, deep learning algorithms, namely LSTM and 1D CNN, showed similar performance compared to RF, based on t-test.
CLEANING VALIDATION METHOD FOR RESIDUAL ESTIMATION OF AMC AND RUTIN ON SURFACE OF PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT WITH SWAB SAMPLING TECHNIQUE BY USING HPLC UV METHOD (2014)

Introduction: Cleaning validation helps in the pharmaceutical field to avoid potential clinically significant synergistic interactions between pharmacologically active chemicals. Cleaning validation involves using an analytical instrument to perform quantitative analysis of residues in manufacturing equipment. Objective: The objective of this research is to develop and validate a single reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for determination of AMC-Rutin in Vitamin K tablets. Methods: AMC-Rutin estimated using Phenomenex Synergi 4µ Polar-RP 80A column at 1.2 mL/min flow rate at 354 nm. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of acetonitrile: methanol: pH 4.0 buffer (15:10:75, v/v/v). Results: Recoveries were found to be in the range of 89.0% to 100.1% with R.S.D below 2.0% at three concentration levels. Residual concentration was found to be linear in the range of 0.0075 to 0.1652 µg/mL for AMC and 0.0829 to 1.2435 µg/mL for Rutin. The LOD and LOQ for AMC and Rutin were found to be 0.00250 & 0.02763, and 0.0075 & 0.0829 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: A simple, precise and accurate method was developed and subsequently validated for simultaneous estimation of AMC-RUT residues on surface of manufacturing equipment by RP-HPLC. The validated method was found to be simple, selective and sensitive for demonstration of cleaning validation of AMC and Rutin residues on the stainless steel surface and manufacturing equipment. This method can be used to determine trace levels of AMC-RUT residues in production equipment area to confirm efficiency of cleaning procedure in pharmaceutical industries to avoid cross contamination.
Miniaturized Optical Data Link Assembly for 360 um Guidewires (2015)

We propose a novel concept for a high-speed optical data link in Ø 360 µm cardiovascular interventional imaging guidewires. The concept is based on the recently introduced Flex-to-Rigid (F2R) technology platform. This technology allows for smaller intravascular imaging devices with a more compact form-factor. We extended the existing F2R technology with a new optical data link assembly method to enable high speed data communication from the distal tip of the catheter to the proximal side. In this method, the fiber is aligned by inserting it into a through-wafer hole directly underneath the flip-chipped Vertical-Cavity-Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL).Therefore, the total diameter of the optical data link is primarily limited by the size of the VCSEL. A wafer-scale demonstration setup was fabricated with a commercially available 350x250 µm VCSEL and a Ø 80 µm multimode optical fiber. Test results of our demonstrator show a correct optic coupling of the VCSEL into the fiber.
Photochemical Charge Transfer and Hydrogen Evolution Mediated by Oxide Semiconductor Particles in Zeolite-Based Molecular Assemblies (1997)

Two integrated systems for light-induced vectorial electron transfer are described. Both utilize photosensitized semiconductor particles grown in linear channel zeolites as components of the electron transfer chain. One system consists of internally platinized zeolites L and mordenite containing TiO2 particles and methylviologen ions, with a size-excluded photosensitizer, tris(2,2‘-bipyridyl-4,4‘-dicarboxylate)ruthenium (RuL32+), adsorbed on the external surface of the zeolite/TiO2 composite. In the other system, Nb2O5 replaces TiO2. The kinetics of photochemical electron transfer reactions and charge separation were studied by diffuse reflectance flash photolysis. Despite very efficient initial charge separation, the TiO2 system does not generate hydrogen photochemically in the presence of an electrochemically reversible, anionic electron donor, methoxyaniline N,N‘-bis(ethyl sulfonate). Only the Nb2O5-containing composites evolved hydrogen photochemically under these conditions. These results are interpreted in terms of semiconductor band energetics and the irreversibility of electron transfer from Nb2O5 to intrazeolitic platinum particles.
Preharvest and Postharvest Factors Affecting the Quality and Shelf Life of Harvested Tomatoes: A Mini Review (2015)

Tomato production can serve as a source of income for most rural and periurban producers in most developing countries of the world. However, postharvest losses make its production unprofitable in these parts of the world. Postharvest losses in tomatoes can be as high as 42% globally. Postharvest losses in tomatoes can be either quantitative or qualitative. Even though emphasis in crop research nowadays is increasing shifting from quantity to quality of produce, there is still little improvement in the quality of commercially produced tomato varieties, hence resulting in high quality losses. From the study it was discovered that the postharvest quality status of tomatoes partly depended on some preharvest practices carried out during production. Some of these factors are fertiliser application, pruning, maturity stage, cultivar selection, and irrigation. Using best postharvest handling practices or factors such as temperature, relative humidity, gases in storage, postharvest calcium chloride application, and physical handling procedures to maintain the quality after harvest was also critical. It was concluded by this study that understanding and managing both preharvest and postharvest factors properly will reduce the postharvest quality losses in tomatoes.
Evaluation of ddRADseq for reduced representation metagenome sequencing (2017)

ABSTRACT Background ‘Who is doing what’ is the ultimate open question in microbiome study. Shotgun metagenomics is often applied to gain knowledge of functional roles for bacteria in microbial communities, where the data can be used to predict protein encoding genes and enzymatic pathways present in the community, sometimes leading to testable hypotheses for microbial function. We describe a method and basic analysis for a metagenomic adaptation of the double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) protocol for reduced representation metagenome profiling. This technique takes advantage of the sequence specificity of restriction endonucleases to construct an Illumina-compatible sequencing library containing DNA fragments that are between a pair of restriction sites located within close proximity. This results in a reduced sequencing library with coverage breadth that can be tuned by size selection. Results We assessed the performance of the metagenomic ddRADseq approach by applying the method to human stool samples and generating sequence data. We evaluate the extent to which ddRADseq data provides an unbiased reduced representation for microbiome profiling. Conclusion Although ddRADseq does introduce some bias in taxonomic representation, the bias is likely to be small relative to DNA extraction bias. ddRADseq appears feasible and could have value as a tool for metagenome-wide association studies.
The DUF81 protein TauE in Cupriavidus necator H16, a sulfite exporter in the metabolism of C2 sulfonates (2007)

The degradation of taurine, isethionate and sulfoacetate in Cupriavidus necator (Ralstonia eutropha) H16 was shown by enzyme assays to be inducible, and each pathway involved sulfoacetaldehyde, which was subject to phosphatolysis by a common sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase (Xsc, H16_B1870) to yield acetyl phosphate and sulfite. The neighbouring genes encoded phosphate acetyltransferase (Pta, H16_B1871) and a hypothetical protein [domain of unknown function (DUF)81, H16_B1872], with eight derived transmembrane helices. RT-PCR showed inducible transcription of these three genes, and led to the hypothesis that H16_B1872 and orthologous proteins represent a sulfite exporter, which was named TauE.
Bismuth‐Catalyzed Direct Substitution of the Hydroxy Group in Alcohols with Sulfonamides, Carbamates, and Carboxamides (2006)

Ohne vorherige Aktivierung des Alkohol-Substrats gelingen allylische, propargylische und benzylische Aminierungen in Gegenwart von Bi(OTf)3 und KPF6 als Katalysatorsystem (siehe Schema). Die Substitutionsreaktionen der leicht zugänglichen Alkohole mit Sulfonamiden, Carbamaten und Carboxamiden ergeben die gewünschten Amine in Ausbeuten bis zu 99 %. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z602909_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Laser micromachining of thin films for optoelectronic devices and packages (2003)

Focused laser micromachining in an optical microscope system is used to prototype packages for optoelectronic devices and to investigate new materials with potential applications in packaging. Micromachined thin fims are proposed as mechanical components to locate fibers and other optical and electrical components on opto-assemblies. This paper reports prototype structures which are micromachined in silicon carbide to produce beams 5 &mu;m thick by (1) laser cutting a track in a SiC coated Si wafer, (2) undercutting by anisotropic silicon etching using KOH in water, and (3) trimming if necessary with the laser system. This approach has the advantage of fast turn around and proof of concept. Mechanical test data are obtained from the prototype SiC beam package structures by testing with a stylus profilometer. The Youngs modulus obtained for chemical vapor deposited silicon carbide is 360 +/- 50 GPa indicating that it is a promising material for packaging applications.
Patricia A. Hudgins: The 28th President of the American Society of Head and Neck Radiology (2005)

Dr. Patricia A. Hudgins, Professor of Radiology and Chief of Neuroradiology at Emory University, was elected the 28th president of the American Society of Head and Neck Radiology for 2003–2004.

A native of St. Petersburg, Florida, Patricia Hudgins grew up as an “Air Force brat,” living mostly
Design and development of a new biologically-inspired mouth mechanism and musical performance evaluation of the WF-4RVI (2013)

The research on the development of the anthropomorphic flutist robot at Waseda University has been focused in emulating the anatomy and physiology of the organs involved during the flute playing from an engineering point of view, facilitating the symbiosis between the human and the robot (i.e. active interaction between musician and musical robot) and proposing novel applications for humanoid robots (i.e. music education). As a result of this research, the Waseda Flutist Robot No.4 Refined IV has been developed and a musical-based interaction system implemented so the robot is capable of interacting with musicians by processing both aural and visual cues. However; there is a trade-off relationship between the duration of the flute sound produced by the robot and the sound pressure (volume). In fact, the robot is only capable of playing sounds low-pitched sounds for long periods. In addition, a husky sound is detected while playing high-pitch sounds. From our discussions with professional players, this effect is caused due to the inner shape of the oral cavity. From this, the conversion efficiency ratio between from the exhaled air from the artificial lungs to the produced sound is too low. For this purpose, we have obtained MR images of the head from professional players in order to re-design the oral cavity of the flutist robot. A total of 5 prototypes were tested and the best one has been selected and integrated into the Waseda Flutist Robot No. 4 Refined VI (WF-4RVI). A set of experiments were proposed in order to verify the improvements of the conversion efficiency ratio as well as the sound evaluation function score. From the experimental results, we could verify the improvements compared with the previous version of the flutist robot.
Modeling Internal Logistics by Using Drones on the Stage of Assembly of Products (2015)

The subject addressed in this paper is the issue of using an UAV type Quadcopter in the internal logistics within a manufacturing plant, particularly at the stage of assembly and /or customization of products. The vertical takeoff and landing, as well as horizontal flight, both with the characteristic of low speed and high precision, are major requirements for this work. The quadrotor architecture has been chosen for analysis because of its low dimensions, good maneuverability, simple mechanics and available payload capacity. As a major drawback, the high energy consumption when operating is a constraint to be modeled and optimized. In the first step, an internal logistics modeling is performed in order to determine the location of depots, clusters and sub-clusters; workstations are defined and routes are generated using a genetic algorithm for each quadcopter of a particular fleet. In a second step, the weight to be transported by each quadcopter is determined, depending on the assigned route and workstations that should go through the sequence either to remove materials (picking) or to deliver materials (delivery). In a third step, it is determined the electric power amount to be drained off the battery of every quadcopter for a given route depending on the weight carried, distance covered, number of workstations visited and the quadcopter aerodynamic efficiency.