gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Optoelectronic Properties of Doped and Pristine Nanotubes Based on Carbon and Tungsten Disulfide (2022)

The optoelectronic properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials play an important role in electronic devices. In the present work, pristine and doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and WS2 nanotubes (WS2NT) are investigated by using absorption, Raman, and THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We demonstrate that the one-dimensional materials share similar properties associated with curvature and location in comparison with two-dimensional materials. In addition, we show how doping influences these properties. Our results pave the way toward the application of such materials as prospective materials for optoelectronic devices, including future wireless communication devices.
Temperature compensation circuit for linear microwave amplifiers (1996)

A hybrid circuit, integrated in a double-stage microwave amplifier, able to compensate for gain variations in the -54-75/spl deg/C temperature range and 6-18 GHz frequency band, has been designed, realized, and measured. Analytical studies show that cascode configuration for the amplifiers is the best one to solve the problem. Measured results are In good agreement with the analysis.
Introducing Microsoft Windows Vista (2006)

Get a head start with the newest release of Microsoft Windows Vista-with insights from expert author and MVP William Stanek. Preview and evaluate the latest features, capabilities, and improvements to Microsoft Windows®-and hit the ground running.
Comparative biochemical analysis of HIV-1 subtype B and C integrase enzymes (2009)

This suggests that the use of integrase inhibitors against HIV-1 subtype C will result in comparable outcomes to those obtained against subtype B infections.
Metabolism of Toxic Sugars by Strains of the Bee Gut Symbiont Gilliamella apicola (2016)

Bees are important pollinators of agricultural plants. Our study documents the ability of Gilliamella apicola, a dominant gut bacterium in honey bees and bumble bees, to utilize several sugars that are harmful to bee hosts. Using genome sequencing and growth assays, we found that the ability to metabolize certain toxic carbohydrates is directly correlated with the presence of their respective degradation pathways, indicating that metabolic potential can be accurately predicted from genomic data in these gut symbionts. Strains vary considerably in their range of utilizable carbohydrates, which likely reflects historical horizontal gene transfer and gene deletion events. Unlike their bee hosts, G. apicola bacteria are not detrimentally affected by growth on mannose-containing medium, even in strains that cannot metabolize this sugar. These results suggest that G. apicola may be an important player in modulating nutrition in the bee gut, with ultimate effects on host health.
In vitro and in vivo Detection of Somatostatin Receptors in Human Malignant Tissues (1991)

High affinity somatostatin receptors (SS-R) have been identified in membrane homogenates or tissue sections from several hundred human tumors. SS-R were found in most tumors originating from SS target tissues, i.e. GH and TSH producing pituitary tumors, endocrine gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tumors and brain tumors. SS-R were also expressed in several tumors originating from various other tissues, i.e. breast and small cell lung carcinomas, some colorectal cancers, and medullary thyroid carcinomas. In general, most of the SS-R positive tumors are well differentiated and/or have neuroendocrine features. Among endocrine GEP tumors, more than 80% of carcinoids and 70-100% of islet cell carcinomas have a high density of SS-R. All their metastases are SS-R positive. Undifferentiated, atypical carcinoids are usually SS-R negative. SS-R are functional and mediate hormone secretion inhibition. SS-R positive tumors and metastases can easily be localised non-invasively in vivo by scanning techniques after 123I-SS analog injection.
Elements of optical mineralogy. Part II. Descriptions of minerals (1951)

(1951). Elements of optical mineralogy. Part II. Descriptions of minerals. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar: Vol. 73, No. 2, pp. 319-320.
Phosphatase‐mediated crosstalk between MAPK signaling pathways in the regulation of cell survival (2007)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways constitute a large modular network that regulates a variety of physiological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptotic cell death. The function of the ERK pathway has been depicted as survival-promoting, in essence by opposing the proapoptotic activity of the stress-activated c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 MAPK pathways. However, recently published work suggests that extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) pathway activity is suppressed by JNK/p38 kinases during apoptosis induction. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about JNK/p38-mediated mechanisms that negatively regulate the ERK pathway. In particular, we will focus on phosphatases (PP2A, MKPs) as inhibitors of ERK pathway activity in regulating apoptosis. A model proposed in this review places the negative regulation of the ERK pathway in a central position for the cellular decision-making process that determines whether cells will live or die in response to apoptosis-promoting signals. In addition, we will discuss the potential functional relevance of negative regulation of ERK pathway activity, for physiological and pathological conditions (e.g., cellular transformation).
SCOPE11 Method for Estimating Aircraft Black Carbon Mass and Particle Number Emissions (2019)

Black carbon (BC) emissions from aircraft engines lead to an increase in the atmospheric burden of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>). Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> from sources, including aviation, is associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, and BC suspended in the atmosphere has a warming impact on the climate. BC particles emitted from aircraft also serve as nuclei for contrail ice particles, which are a major component of aviation's climate impact. To facilitate the evaluation of these impacts, we have developed a method to estimate BC mass and number emissions at the engine exit plane, referred to as the Smoke Correlation for Particle Emissions-CAEP11 (SCOPE11). We use a data set consisting of SN-BC mass concentration pairs, collected using certification-compliant measurement systems, to develop a new relationship between smoke number (SN) and BC mass concentration. In addition, we use a complementary data set to estimate measurement system loss correction factors and particle geometric mean diameters to estimate BC number emissions at the engine exit plane. Using this method, we estimate global BC emissions from aircraft landing and takeoff (LTO) operations for 2015 to be 0.74 Gg/year (95% CI = 0.64-0.84) and 2.85 × 10<sup>25</sup> particles/year (95% CI = 1.86-4.49 × 10<sup>25</sup>).
A novel high-performance and robust sense amplifier using independent gate control in sub-50-nm double-gate MOSFET (2006)

Double-gate (DG) transistor has emerged as one of the most promising devices for nano-scale circuit design. In this paper, we propose a high-performance and robust sense-amplifier design using independent gate control in symmetric and asymmetric DG devices for sub-50-nm technologies. The proposed sense amplifier has better performance (30%-35% less sensing delay) and robustness (60%-80% less minimum input bit-differential for correct operation considering 10% worst case silicon thickness mismatch) compared to the connected gate design. Hence, the proposed design successfully demonstrates the benefit of using independent gate control in DG devices for efficient circuit design in sub-50-nm regime.
A 0.23- $\mu \text{g}$ Bias Instability and 1- $\mu \text{g}/\surd $ Hz Acceleration Noise Density Silicon Oscillating Accelerometer With Embedded Frequency-to-Digital Converter in PLL (2017)

This paper presents a silicon oscillating accelerometer (SOA) with a new CMOS readout circuit architecture. A phase lock loop (PLL) with a hybrid and antinoise folding PFD is employed to sustain the oscillation of the MEMS oscillator, and the oscillation amplitude is set by an external reference. In addition, a sigma-delta frequency-to-digital converter is combined with the PLL to digitize the accelerometer’s frequency output for low power consumption. The MEMS transducer and the readout circuit are fabricated in an 80- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SOI and standard 0.35- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process, respectively. The SOA achieves 0.23- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bias instability and 1- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> /Hz <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{1/2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> acceleration noise density with a ±30 g full-scale, which are equivalent to 4-ppb relative instability and 17-ppb/Hz <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{1/2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> relative acceleration noise density. It only consumes 2.7 mW under a 1.5 V supply.
PROHIBITIN3 Forms Complexes with ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 to Regulate Stress-Induced Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (2018)

Salicylic acid (SA) is a major defense signal in plants. In Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>), the chloroplast-localized isochorismate pathway is the main source of SA biosynthesis during abiotic stress or pathogen infections. In the first step of the pathway, the enzyme ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 (ICS1) converts chorismate to isochorismate. An unknown enzyme subsequently converts isochorismate to SA. Here, we show that ICS1 protein levels increase during UV-C stress. To identify proteins that may play roles in SA production by regulating ICS1, we analyzed proteins that coimmunoprecipitated with ICS1 via mass spectrometry. The ICS1 complexes contained a large number of peptides from the PROHIBITIN (PHB) protein family, with PHB3 the most abundant. PHB proteins have diverse biological functions that include acting as scaffolds for protein complex formation and stabilization. PHB3 was reported previously to localize to mitochondria. Using fractionation, protease protection, and live imaging, we show that PHB3 also localizes to chloroplasts, where ICS1 resides. Notably, loss of PHB3 function led to decreased ICS1 protein levels in response to UV-C stress. However, <i>ICS1</i> transcript levels remain unchanged, indicating that ICS1 is regulated posttranscriptionally. The <i>phb3</i> mutant displayed reduced levels of SA, the SA-regulated protein PR1, and hypersensitive cell death in response to UV-C and avirulent strains of <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> and, correspondingly, supported increased growth of <i>P. syringae</i> The expression of a <i>PHB3</i> transgene in the <i>phb3</i> mutant complemented all of these phenotypes. We suggest a model in which the formation of PHB3-ICS1 complexes stabilizes ICS1 to promote SA production in response to stress.
Secure Regenerating Codes for Reducing Storage and Bootstrap Costs in Sharded Blockchains (2020)

Blockchain is a distributed ledger with wide applications. Due to the increasing storage requirement for blockchains, the computation can be afforded by only a few miners. Sharding has been proposed to scale blockchains so that storage and transaction efficiency of the blockchain improves at the cost of security guarantee. This paper aims to consider a new protocol, Secure-Repair-Blockchain (SRB), which aims to decrease the storage cost at the miners. In addition, SRB also decreases the bootstrapping cost, which allows for new miners to easily join a sharded blockchain. In order to reduce storage, coding-theoretic techniques are used in SRB. In order to decrease the amount of data that is transferred to the new node joining a shard, the concept of exact repair secure regenerating codes is used. The proposed blockchain protocol achieves lower storage than those that do not use coding, and achieves lower bootstrapping cost as compared to the different baselines.
Embedded multi-sensors objects detection and tracking for urban autonomous driving (2011)

This paper proposes an embedded real time method for detecting and tracking of multiobjects including vehicles, pedestrians, motorbikes and bicycles in urban environment. The features of different objects are learned as a deformable object model through the combination of a latent support vector machine (LSVM) and histograms of oriented gradients (HOG). Laser depth data have been used as a priori to generate objects hypothesis regions and estimate HOG feature pyramid level to reduce the detection time of previously presented algorithm. Detected objects are tracked through a particle filter which fuses the observations from laser map and sequential images. We use the accurate laser data for state predication and use image HOG information for likelihood calculation. The likelihood finds the maximum HOG feature compatibility for both root and parts of the tracked objects to increase tracking accuracy for deformable objects such as pedestrians in crowded scenes. Extensive experiments with urban scenarios showed that the proposed method can improve the detection and tracking in urban environment.
Optimization of the control of a doubly fed induction machine (2013)

This paper focuses on finding an optimal control for a doubly fed induction machine (DFIM) in motor mode. Our purpose is not to improve the quality of the DFIM functioning but to find a method to improve it. Thus we will start with a fixed system made by a DFIM and two ideal 3 phases voltage inverter with an open loop static V/f control. A method will demonstrate its efficiency to improve that control for the copper loss. This method is based on direct shooting techniques associated with a MATLAB optimization solver:fmincon.
Plasma-Assisted Degradation of Perfluorobutane Sulfonate: The Influence of Bulk Liquid Mass Transport on Process Effectiveness (2020)

Plasma-based water treatment has been shown to be superior for the treatment of compounds that exhibit high surface activity and thus accumulate at the plasma-liquid interface. However, the treatment is less effective for the degradation of non-surfactant compounds that reside below the interface, due to their generally low hydrophobic strengths. This work investigates the removal of one such compound, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), a four-carbon perfluoroalkyl substance used in the manufacturing of nonstick and stain-resistant consumer products. Apart from exhibiting low tendency for accumulation at the plasma-liquid interface, PFBS does not react with oxidative species such as OH radicals and has unknown reactivity with reductive species, making the treatment of this compound extremely challenging.
The Effect of an Active Guest on the Spin Crossover Phenomenon (2012)

Throw the switch: A new strategy for regulating spin crossover (SCO) properties by the control of an active guest molecule is proposed. As a proof of concept, maleic anhydride was incorporated into a microporous {Fe(pyrazine)[Pt(CN)4]} framework material and chemically switched to maleic acid, thus modifying the SCO properties (see picture).
Adaptive power reconfigurability for preventing excessive power dissipation in wireless receivers (2010)

This paper investigates the effect of using adaptive power reconfigurability method for preventing power over-usage when the operating conditions are less demanding than the worst case in wireless receivers. The analysis is limited to the baseband block, and the target standard is selected as ZigBee. Optimal distribution of the dynamic range requirement among the baseband filter and the ADC showed that enhancing the filter with adaptive power reconfigurability feature can lead to significant power savings. A sample operating schedule is derived to quantify the power saving performance. It is found that using adaptive power reconfigurability method in the baseband filter of a ZigBee receiver can decrease the average power dissipation of the baseband block from 4.197 mW to 115.87 µW, which corresponds to a reduction by a factor of 36.2 (15.59 dB).
ChemInform Abstract: MERCURY‐NITROGEN COMPOUNDS. III. N‐(CYCLOPENTADIENYLMERCURY)HEXAMETHYLDISILAZANE (1H)‐C5H5HGN(SIME3)2 AND CYCLOPENTADIENYLMERCURY AZIDE (1H)‐C5H5HGN3 (1978)

Abstract Sowohl durch Komproportionierung von (I) und (II) als auch durch die Umsetzung von (IV) mit (V) kann die Quecksilberverbindung (III) mit befriedigender Ausbeute erhalten werden.
Color drawings: a means of identifying problems in children. (1990)

Between the ages of seven and nine years, the child develops a schema or way to draw his version of the world. Drawings are revealing in that they can help assess a child's behavior. Figure drawings are useful in determining general cognitive development, self-image, and level of maturity (Harris, 1963; DiLeo, 1973; DiLeo, 1983; and Koppitz, 1968). As the child progresses through developmental stages in perceiving and using color, she similarly progresses in her drawing abilities. Distinction, identification and aesthetic reaction to color are thus functions of the cortex; they are developmental and educational results rather than instinctual and reactive responses (Scott, 1969).
A New Task Graph Model for Mapping Message Passing Applications (2007)

The exploitation of parallelism in a message-passing platform implies a previous modelling phase of the parallel application as a task graph, which properly reflects its temporal behaviour. In this paper, we analyse the classical task graph models of the literature and their drawbacks when modelling message-passing programs with arbitrary task structure. We define a new task graph model called TTIG (Temporal Task Interaction Graph) that integrates the classical models used in the literature. The TTIG allows to explicitly capture the ability of concurrency of adjacent tasks for applications where adjacent tasks can communicate at any point inside them. A mapping strategy is developed from this model, that minimizes the expected execution time by properly exploiting task parallelism. The effectiveness of this approach has been proved in different experimentation scopes for a wide range of message-passing applications.
Quantification of the interrupting performance of high-voltage circuit breakers (2002)

Two methods are described to determine the quality of interruption of a high-voltage circuit breaker. Initially, an improved Mayr-type arc model with parameters based on laboratory measurements is used for this purpose. Subsequently, a combined voltage injection/Mayr arc model scheme is applied. It is concluded that this method gives better results than the use of arc models only.
Study on Topic Tracking System Based on SVM (2011)

Text classification is the key technology for topic tracking, and vector space model (VSM) is one of the most simple and effective model for topics representation. Feature selection algorithm in VSM is an important means of data pre-processing, and it can reduce vector space dimension and improve the generalization ability of the algorithm. So we develop a topic tracking system based on SVM to study how feature dimension and the value of K-neighbors affect topic tracking. Then we get the variation law that they affect topic tracking, and add up their optimal values in topic tracking. And finally we analyze topic tracking system performance according to TDT evaluation results to find the reasons for this results.
Abstract #3116: Heterodimeric AP-1 (JunD/c-Fos) is involved in hematopoiesis in synergy with BMP-4 during vertebrate developmen (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

Activator protein-1 (AP-1) was one of the first mammalian transcription factors to be identified. AP-1 comprises Jun family members (c-Jun, JunB, and JunD) and Fos family members (c-Fos, FosB, Fra-1, and Fra-2). These proteins form homodimers of Jun or heterodimers of Jun and Fos members. AP-1 is known to regulates a wide range of cellular processes, but the function of AP-1 in Xenopus development is not very well elucidated. We investigated the role of AP-1 in Xenopus development. Interestingly, we found that overexpression of JunD and c-Fos could induce hematopoietic cells from ectoderm cells. Overexpression of JunD and c-Fos induced not only ventral mesoderm markers but also globin and blood cell-specific transcription factors (SCL, LMO-2, Neptune) in animal cap explants. However, JunD or c-Fos alone could not induce these markers involved in blood formation. In addition, we found that heterodimeric JunD/c-Fos and BMP-4 had a synergistic effect in blood formation. Moreover, in the absence of endogenous BMP-4, JunD and c-Fos could not induce hematopoietic genes. These results suggest that JunD and c-Fos play an important role in regulating hematopoiesis and are associated with BMP-4 signaling in Xenopus hematopoiesis.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 3116.
Relationships between the Firing of Identified Striatal Interneurons and Spontaneous and Driven Cortical ActivitiesIn Vivo (2012)

The striatum is comprised of medium-sized spiny projection neurons (MSNs) and several types of interneuron, and receives massive glutamatergic input from the cerebral cortex. Understanding of striatal function requires definition of the electrophysiological properties of neurochemically identified interneurons sampled in the same context of ongoing cortical activity in vivo. To address this, we recorded the firing of cholinergic interneurons (expressing choline acetyltransferase; ChAT) and GABAergic interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) or nitric oxide synthase (NOS), as well as MSNs, in anesthetized rats during cortically defined brain states. Depending on the cortical state, these interneurons were partly distinguished from each other, and MSNs, on the basis of firing rate and/or pattern. During slow-wave activity (SWA), ChAT+ interneurons, and some PV+ and NOS+ interneurons, were tonically active; NOS+ interneurons fired prominent bursts but, contrary to investigations in vitro, these were not typical low-threshold spike bursts. Identified MSNs, and other PV+ and NOS+ interneurons, were phasically active. Contrasting with ChAT+ interneurons, whose firing showed poor brain state dependency, PV+ and NOS+ interneurons displayed robust firing increases and decreases, respectively, upon spontaneous or driven transitions from SWA to cortical activation. The firing of most neurons was phase locked to cortical slow oscillations, but only PV+ and ChAT+ interneurons also fired in time with cortical spindle and gamma oscillations. Complementing this diverse temporal coupling, each interneuron type exhibited distinct responses to cortical stimulation. Thus, these striatal interneuron types have distinct temporal signatures in vivo, including relationships to spontaneous and driven cortical activities, which likely underpin their specialized contributions to striatal microcircuit function.