gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase II study of topotecan and docetaxel in patients with sensitive relapse small cell lung cancer (2007)

Although small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is considered highly responsive to chemotherapy, the vast majority of patients succumb to the disease within 2 years. Patients without response or who relapse...
Einleitung (2020)

Krisen und Konflikte um begrenzte Energieressourcen, gepaart mit Europas Importabhängigkeit von fossilen Brennstoffen und den Herausforderungen des Klimawandels, haben die Energiepolitik verstärkt auf die europäische Agenda gesetzt. Vor allem in den letzten beiden Kommissionen, unter Präsident Barroso und Juncker, hat die Energiepolitik bzw. die EU Energieunion erstaunliche Fortschritte gemacht. Auch in Bereichen, die traditionell im nationalen Entscheidungsbereich liegen. In diesem Buch wird eine Bilanz der beiden Kommissionen gezogen und untersucht, welchen Einfluss sowohl externe Faktoren als auch politische Akteure und ihre Ambitionen auf die Integration in dem Politikfeld haben.
Enhanced light emission from a Si photonics beam steering device consisting of asymmetric photonic crystal waveguide (2019)

We have studied a Si photonics non-mechanical beam steering device for LiDARs. We exploit a doubly periodic Si photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) with a collimator lens, which emits a single-peaked optical beam. Thanks to the slow light effect in the PCW, wide range beam steering can be obtained in the longitudinal direction with maintaining a small beam divergence by a small change of the wavelength and/or index of the PCW. However, due to the symmetric crosssection of the PCW, the emission occurs in both upward and downward directions, which causes a 3-dB loss in the transmission of the optical beam. The downward beam is partly reflected by the substrate, and the reflected beam interferes with the upward beam and modifies the far field pattern, which further increases the loss at particular beam angles. In LiDARs, this loss is repeated at the reception of returned light, resulting in a severe loss penalty. In this study, we investigated the unidirectional upward emission in some PCW structures with vertical asymmetries. We found theoretically that a shallow etched grating on top of the Si layer, which overlaps with the PCW holes significantly increases the upward emission. We fabricated such a device using Si photonics CMOS process and observed 2-8 times stronger upward emission as compared with that of the symmetric PCW. Furthermore, we integrated 32 PCWs in parallel configuration and selected one working PCW so that its relative position against a collimator lens is switched and the beam is steered in the lateral direction. We observed over 400&times;32 resolution points.
Renal Homotransplantation: 21 to 37 Months Later (1966)

These results indicate that renal homotransplantation can be an effective way of treating patients with terminal uremia. Even during the developmental period of this study the majority of recipient patients achieved a high degree of social and vocational rehabilitation–and if related donors were used the salvage rate 21 months or longer after operation is still 65%. Nevertheless, the procedure is still experimental. The projected fate of patients in whom there is still evidence of low-grade host versus graft activity is unknown. The role of thymectomy or splenectomy in promoting acceptance of the homografts is not proven. Further work is required on the histocompatibility matching techniques. For the momeni. it would seem wisest to regard renal homotransplantation as an effective but incompletely characterized form of palliative therapy.
Combinatorial Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Cr Deposited on Anatase TiO2(001) Surface (2004)

We have investigated Cr deposited on anatase TiO2(001) surfaces using a combinatorial approach. Anatase TiO2(001) thin films covered with Cr metals were prepared on a Nb-doped SrTiO3(001) substrate by combinatorial laser molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by in situ low-energy electron diffraction and ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM images of a clean TiO2(001) surface showed that one-dimensional structures along the [100] and [010] directions were formed, resulting in a (1 × 4) surface reconstruction. When Cr atoms were deposited on the anatase TiO2 surface and the films were annealed at 900 K in UHV, the one-dimensional structures became branched and showed short-range disorder. The observed surface structural disordering will be discussed in terms of the lattice strain induced by the Cr atoms diffused into the bulk.
Stepwise Hydration, and Multi-Body Deprotonation with Steep Negative Temperature Dependence, in the Benzene•+−Water System [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 12766−12767]. (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionStepwise Hydration, and Multi-Body Deprotonation with Steep Negative Temperature Dependence, in the Benzene•+−Water System [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 12766−12767].Yehia Ibrahim, Edreese Alsharaeh, Keith Dias, Michael Meot-Ner (Mautne, and M. Samy El-ShallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 11, 4114Publication Date (Web):February 23, 2005Publication History Published online23 February 2005Published inissue 1 March 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja059903oCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (16 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Study on optimal design of mistuned bladed disk (2018)

Although, in designing blades, it is assumed that all blades on a disk are identical (tuned system), the vibration characteristics of the blade is slightly different due to the manufacturing tolerance, the deviation of the material property, and so on (mistuned system). As a result, in the forced response of an actual bladed disk caused by the flow distortion, the responses of all the blades on a disk become different, and the response of a certain blade may become extremely large, due to the split of the duplicated natural frequencies, the distortion of the vibration modes, and so on. On the other hand, it is suggested by many researchers that the mistuning suppresses the blade flutter, because the complete travelling wave mode is not formed in a disk. In other words, the effect of the mistuning acts on the dangerous side for the forced vibration, while on the safety side for the blade flutter. In this study, the stability analysis and the frequency response analysis of mistuned bladed disks are carried out using the reduced model with high fidelity, in order to research the vibration characteristics of typical mistuned bladed disks. Based on the analysis results, an optimal design procedure of mistuned bladed disks considering both the forced response and the self-excited vibration is proposed.
Quantitation of the Nitrosamine 2-EthylhexyI-4-(N-Methyl-N-Nitrosoamino) Benzoate (NPABAO) in Sunscreen Products (1991)

We have devised a method to quantitate the nitrosamine, 2-ethylhexyl-4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosoamino) benzoate (NPABAO), in commercial products containing the sunscreen ingredient, Padimate O. The method involves a minimum of cleanup steps to afford a nonaqueous extract from product emulsions suitable for analysis by a liquid chromatograph interfaced to a thermal energy analyzer (LC/TEA). The method is applicable to lotions, creams, and gels. Oils are normally soluble in the mobile phase and can be analyzed directly on the LC/TEA without additional cleanup procedures. The method has a minimum detectable limit of about 30 ppb and yields greater than 80% recovery. It is highly reproducible and generates no NPABAO artifactually prior to quantitation on the LC/TEA. Application of the method to 22 different commercial product formulas disclosed that the level of NPABAO in each of the products is below 250 ppb, with 18 of the products containing less than 100 ppb. Of interest was the observation that musk ketone, a common fragrance constituent, produces a false-positive TEA response that can interfere with accurate analysis of NPABAO content in typical commercial products.
New α-Substituted Succinate-Based Hydroxamic Acids as TNFα Convertase Inhibitors (1999)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE), the enzyme responsible for the processing of pro-TNFalpha to TNFalpha, has been reported to be a metalloproteinase closely related to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Current inhibitors of TACE such as succinate-based hydroxamic acids exemplified by Marimastat (TACE IC(50): 3.8 nM; blood IC(50): 7 microM) and BB1101 (TACE IC(50): 0.2 nM; blood IC(50): 2.3 microM) suffer from modest potency in blood and poor in vivo properties. The introduction of new bulky alpha-substituents into these succinate-based hydroxamic acids was studied. Substituents such as thioethers, sulfonamides, and ethers showed improved potency against TACE when compared with Marimastat. Although this improvement did not translate into better blood potency for thioether or ether substituents, the sulfonamide series exhibited improved potency both against TACE and in blood when compared with Marimastat. Optimization of this sulfonamide series has culminated in the identification of heterocyclic bicyclic sulfonamides such as 3t (TACE IC(50): 0.57 nM; blood IC(50): 0.28 microM).
Electrical Modelling and Investigation of Laser Beam Welded Joints for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2020)

The growing electrification of vehicles and tools increases the demand for low resistance contacts. Today’s batteries for electric vehicles consist of large quantities of single battery cells to reach the desired nominal voltage and energy. Each single cell needs a contacting of its cell terminals, which raises the necessity of an automated contacting process with low joint resistances to reduce the energy loss in the cell transitions. A capable joining process suitable for highly electrically conductive materials like copper or aluminium is the laser beam welding. This study contains the theoretical examination of the joint resistance and a simulation of the current flow dependent on the contacting welds’ position in an overlap configuration. The results are verified by examinations of laser-welded joints in a test bench environment. The investigations are analysing the influence of the shape and position of the weld seams as well as the influence of the laser welding parameters. The investigation identifies a tendency for current to flow predominantly through a contact’s edges. The use of a double weld seam with the largest possible distance greatly increases the joint’s conductivity, by leveraging this tendency and implementing a parallel connection. A simplistic increase of welded contact area does not only have a significantly smaller effect on the overall conductivity, but can eventually also reduce it.
Freevalve: Control and Optimization of Fully Variable Valvetrain-Enabled Combustion Strategies for High Performance Engines (2022)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;With ever stricter legislative requirements for CO2 and other exhaust emissions, significant efforts by OEMs have launched a number of different technological strategies to meet these challenges such as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). However, a multiple technology approach is needed to deliver a broad portfolio of products as battery costs and supply constraints are considerable concerns hindering mass uptake of BEVs. Therefore, further investment in Internal Combustion (IC) engine technologies to meet these targets are being considered, such as lean burn gasoline technologies alongside other high efficiency concepts such as dedicated hybrid engines. Hence, it becomes of sound reason to further embrace diversity and develop complementary technologies to assist in the transition to the next generation hybrid powertrain. One such approach is to provide increased valvetrain flexibility to afford new degrees of freedom in engine operating strategies. Freevalve is an electro-hydraulic-pneumatic valve actuation system enabling independent control of IC engine valves, conceptualized by Koenigsegg’s Freevalve AB. Developed primarily in line with increasingly strict emissions legislations over the past two decades, the cam-less engine technology has demonstrated significant potential, offering 20% decreased fuel consumption and 60% less cold start emissions on an average drive cycle. Adopting a software-based, data-driven, statistical approach, this paper provides a review of the most recent valve operating strategies enabled by the Fully Variable Valvetrain (FVVT) engine technology. It provides a case study for peak performance using the “Ultra Boost for Economy” (Ultraboost) project’s engine as a state-of-the-art advanced valvetrain control benchmark. The One-Dimensional physics-based models are created in GT-Suite to comparatively demonstrate potential benefits of Freevalve compared to industry-standard common camshaft technologies. In addition to mitigating arising environmental concerns, preliminary findings have demonstrated that new degrees-of-freedom enabled by the FVVT IC engine technology, Freevalve, present significant potential to improve the full load curve of performance-focused engines, particularly at the low-medium engine speed range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Implementation and performance evaluation of a memory-coupled scalable node architecture MESCAR for parallel and distributed processing (2001)

MESCAR provides very-high-performance internode message communication via the networkwide memory space shared by all of the nodes in the network. Prototype MESCAR hardware and software have been developed to implement internode message communication using duplicate distributed shared memories (DSMs) and a DSM copying mechanism. To demonstrate the effectiveness of MESCAR's internode communication, we compared MESCAR with a conventional I/O system using commercially available network interface hardware under equivalent execution environments. Our experiments showed that MESCAR required an OS overhead of less than 1500 instructions for a single internode communication, regardless of the message size, including message buffer allocation and deallocation. This instruction count corresponds to 63 and 18% of the overheads in the conventional I/O system for 64-byte and 1-kbyte messages, respectively. The reduction is due to the simple implementation using local memory-access operations and to the zero-copy architecture in the MESCAR nodes. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(3): 1–13, 2001
The rag locus of Porphyromonas gingivalis might arise from Bacteroides via horizontal gene transfer (2010)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is regarded as one of the risk factors of periodontitis. P. gingivalis exhibits a wide variety of genotypes. Many insertion sequences (ISs), located in their chromosomes, made P. gingivalis differentiate into virulent and avirulent strains. In this research, we investigated the prevalence of P. gingivalis in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among periodontitis patients from Zhenjiang, China, detected the P. gingivalis rag locus distributions by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and analyzed the origin of the P. gingivalis rag locus based on evolution. There were three rag locus variants co-existing in Zhenjiang. The results showed that the rag locus may be associated with severe periodontitis. This work also firstly ascertained that the rag locus might arise, in theory, from Bacteroides sp. via horizontal gene transfer.
Novel ferrocene-anchored ZnO nanoparticle/carbon nanotube assembly for glucose oxidase wiring: application to a glucose/air fuel cell (2015)

Glucose oxidase (GOx) is immobilized on ZnO nanoparticle-modified electrodes. The immobilized glucose oxidase shows efficient mediated electron transfer with ZnO nanoparticles to which the ferrocenyl moiety is π-stacked into a supramolecular architecture. The constructed ZnO-Fc/CNT modified electrode exhibits high ferrocene surface coverage, preventing any leakage of the π-stacked ferrocene from the newly described ZnO hybrid nanoparticles. The use of the new architecture of ZnO supported electron mediators to shuttle electrons from the redox centre of the enzyme to the surface of the working electrode can effectively bring about successful glucose oxidation. These modified electrodes evaluated as a highly efficient architecture provide a catalytic current for glucose oxidation and are integrated in a specially designed glucose/air fuel cell prototype using a conventional platinum-carbon (Pt/C) cathode at physiological pH (7.0). The obtained architecture leads to a peak power density of 53 μW cm(-2) at 300 mV for the Nafion® based biofuel cell under "air breathing" conditions at room temperature.
Physical impacts on epidermal permeability in vivo for optical clearing agents (Conference Presentation) (2020)

The use of optical clearing agents makes it possible to increase the probing depth of non-invasive optical diagnostic methods. However, the protective epidermal barrier of the skin prevents the penetration of hydrophilic immersion liquids into the deeper layers of the skin. The aim of this study is to improve the efficiency of skin optical clearing by increasing the permeability of the epidermis for polyethylene glycol with MW 300 (PEG-300) using different physical approaches. We present the results of a comparative analysis of optical immersion clearing of skin in laboratory rats in vivo with and without preliminary ablation of epidermis, fraction microablation and sonophoresis. Laser ablation and microablation has been implemented using a setup based on a pulsed erbium laser (λ= 2940 nm) with different hand-pieces. Sonophoresis has been applied during 2 min with the following parameters: 1 MHz, 2 W/cm2, continuous mode. As an optical clearing agent (OCA) polyethylene glycol (PEG-300) has been used. Basing on optical coherence tomography, we have estimated the attenuation coefficient in the process of optical clearing in two regions at depths of 50–170 µm and 150–400 µm. The results have shown that both surface ablation of skin in vivo lead to the local edema of the affected region that increases the scattering coefficient. However, the intense evaporation of water from the ablation zone facilitates the optical clearing at the expense of tissue dehydration, particularly in the upper layers. Besides, fractional ablation enhances the both rate and degree of optical clearing in upper dermis layers but not affects the deeper dermis. Sonophoresis provides the most effective penetration of OCA into deeper dermis. Time dependences of attenuation coefficient in two regions of dermis at the separate and combined laser and ultrasound impact on the epidermal permeability for PEG-300 have been obtained.
Diversity and Function of Adaptive Immune Receptors in a Jawless Vertebrate (2005)

Instead of the immunoglobulin-type antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, jawless fish have variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs), which consist of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) modules. Somatic diversification of the VLR gene is shown here to occur through a multistep assembly of LRR modules randomly selected from a large bank of flanking cassettes. The predicted concave surface of the VLR is lined with hypervariable positively selected residues, and computational analysis suggests a repertoire of about 10(14) unique receptors. Lamprey immunized with anthrax spores responded with the production of soluble antigen-specific VLRs. These findings reveal that two strikingly different modes of antigen recognition through rearranged lymphocyte receptors have evolved in the jawless and jawed vertebrates.
Homogeneous and Real Super Tough Multi-Bond Network Hydrogels Created through a Controllable Metal Ion Permeation Strategy (2019)

Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogels with a multi-bond network composed of sparse chemical cross-links and carboxyl-Fe<sup>3+</sup> coordination are prepared through a controllable permeation strategy utilizing ferric citrate (FeCA). The existing strategies that directly soak PAA hydrogels in Fe<sup>3+</sup> solutions usually induce an inhomogeneous network with densely cross-linked shells and uncertain water content of the hydrogels, which brings about ambiguity when investigating strengthening mechanisms because water content significantly affects the mechanical properties of hydrogels. Herein, the controllable permeation of Fe<sup>3+</sup> into PAA networks based on the competition between citric acid (CA)-Fe<sup>3+</sup> chelation and PAA-Fe<sup>3+</sup> coordination guarantees sustained release of Fe<sup>3+</sup>, facilitating homogeneous distribution of ionic cross-links and a certain water content. The obtained hydrogels exhibit excellent and balanced mechanical properties (high tensile strength of 3.28 to 6.95 MPa with large elongations at break of 1400 to 780% when water content decreases from 80 to 50 wt %). The real robust tensile strength of this hydrogel originates from the effective energy dissipation of the homogeneous PAA-Fe<sup>3+</sup> cross-links, and the high water content ensures a large elongation at break. Furthermore, the hydrogel also has pH-responsive and shape-memory properties.
Secreted Kinase Phosphorylates Extracellular Proteins That Regulate Biomineralization (2012)

Protein phosphorylation is a fundamental mechanism regulating nearly every aspect of cellular life. Several secreted proteins are phosphorylated, but the kinases responsible are unknown. We identified a family of atypical protein kinases that localize within the Golgi apparatus and are secreted. Fam20C appears to be the Golgi casein kinase that phosphorylates secretory pathway proteins within S-x-E motifs. Fam20C phosphorylates the caseins and several secreted proteins implicated in biomineralization, including the small integrin-binding ligand, N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs). Consequently, mutations in Fam20C cause an osteosclerotic bone dysplasia in humans known as Raine syndrome. Fam20C is thus a protein kinase dedicated to the phosphorylation of extracellular proteins.
Coincident display using haptics and holographic video (1998)

Article Coincident display using haptics and holographic video Share on Authors: Wendy Plesniak Spatial Imaging Group, MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA Spatial Imaging Group, MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Ravikanth Pappu Spatial Imaging Group, MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA Spatial Imaging Group, MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '98: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsJanuary 1998 Pages 304–311https://doi.org/10.1145/274644.274687Online:01 January 1998Publication History 4citation582DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads582Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access