gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Hg3AsE4X (E: S, Se; X: Cl, Br, I), a Family of Isotypic Compounds with an Acentric, Layered Structure. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
THREAT - A database of line-drawn scenes to study threat perception (2017)

Efficient extraction of threat information from scene images is a remarkable feat of our visual system, but little is known about how it is accomplished. To facilitate studies of threat perception with well-controlled scene images, we created a set comprising 500 hand-traced line drawings of photographic visual scenes depicting various dimensions of threat. We used color-photo scene images previously reported in Kveraga et al. (2015) depicting direct threat, indirect threat, threat aftermath, and low threat scenes. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to rate all 500 scenes answering one of three questions: 1) How much harm might you be about to suffer in this scene if this was your view of the scene?; 2) How much harm might someone (not you) be about to suffer in this scene?; 3) How much harm might someone (not you) have already suffered in this scene?. Another 134 participants were randomly assigned to rate the images on various other threat dimensions. The mean ratings on these threat dimensions were submitted to a factor analysis, which resulted in three distinct factors including Affect (comprised of perceived emotional intensity, physical and psychological harm, and affect), Proximity (comprised of perceived threat clarity, its proximity in space and time, and degree of motion), and Agency (comprised of perceived human and animal agency, and whether inanimate objects present in the scene could be used as a potential weapon). Mean ratings on three harm questions and three factors were then submitted to cluster analyses, which grouped images into six distinct categories. This unique set of images, accompanied by ratings assessing multiple dimensions of threat and their clusters, is well suited for investigating research questions on emotion regulation and threat perception in neurotypical and clinical populations. Information on using it can be found at http://www.kveragalab.org/stimuli.html. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017
Effects of aboveground grazing on coupling among nitrifier activity, abundance and community structure (2007)

The influence of switches in grassland management to or from grazing on the dynamics of nitrifier activity, as well as the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB and ammonia-oxidizing archeae, AOA, was analyzed for two years after changing management. Additionally community structure of AOB was surveyed. Four treatments were compared in mesocosms: grazing on previously grazed grassland (G-G); no grazing on ungrazed grassland (U-U); grazing on ungrazed grassland (U-G) and cessation of grazing on grazed grassland (G-U). Nitrifier activity and abundance were always higher for G-G than U-U treatments and AOB community structure differed between these treatments. AOA abundance was in the same range as AOB abundance and followed the same trend. Grazing led to a change in AOB community structure within <5 months and a subsequent (5-12 months) increase in nitrifier activity and abundance. In contrast, cessation of grazing led to a decrease in nitrifier activity and abundance within <5 months and to a later (5-12 months) change in AOB community structure. Activity in G-U and U-G was similar to that in U-U and G-G, respectively, after 12 months. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene clones showed that AOB retrieved from soils fell within the Nitrosospira lineage and percentages of AOB related to known Nitrosospira groups were affected by grazing. These results demonstrate that AOB and AOA respond quickly to changes in management. The selection of nitrifiers adapted to novel environmental conditions was a prerequisite for nitrification enhancement in U-G, whereas nitrification decrease in G-U was likely due to a partial starvation and decrease in the abundance of nitrifiers initially present. The results also suggest that taxonomic affiliation does not fully infer functional traits of AOB.
Ethikkommissionen sind notwendig (2019)

In der Schweiz sind (bis auf wenige Ausnahmen) jegliche medizinische Forschungsprojekte, bei denen Menschen involviert sind, bewilligungspflichtig. Diese Anträge werden durch regionale Ethikkommissionen beurteilt und nur bei positiver Beurteilung wird die Zulassung erteilt. Aufgabe der Ethikkommissionen ist die Prüfung und Beurteilung der ethischen Zulässigkeit von Forschungsvorhaben, welche Untersuchungen an Menschen vornehmen, oder von am Menschen genommenen Proben oder Forschungen mit personenbezogenen Daten von Probanden oder Patienten.
Domestication of Temperate and Coastal Hybrids with Distinct Ancestral Gene Selection in Octoploid Strawberry (2018)

Garden strawberry ( × Duchesne ex Rozier) arose from spontaneous hybridization of distinct octoploid species 300 yr ago. Since its discovery in the 1700s, migration and selection restructured the genetic diversity of early hybrids to produce elite fruit-bearing groups. Breeders' understanding of the genetic architecture of domesticated populations is incomplete. To resolve the impacts of domestication on strawberry genetic diversity, we analyzed genome-wide DNA profiles of 1300 octoploid individuals (1814-present), including wild species, historic varieties, and the University of California germplasm collection. Commercially important California genotypes, adapted to mild coastal climates and accounting for a large fraction of global production, have diverged from temperate cultivars originating in eastern North America and Europe. Whereas temperate cultivars were shown to have selected North American Miller ssp. ancestral diversity at higher frequencies, coastal breeding increased selection of (L.) Miller (beach strawberry) alleles in . × , in addition to photoperiod-insensitive flowering alleles from nonancestral (S.Watson) Staudt ssp. , underscoring the role of continued adaptive introgressions in the domestication of artificial hybrids. Selection for mass production traits in coastal climates over the last 20 to 30 yr has restructured domesticated strawberry diversity on a scale similar to the first 200 yr of breeding; coastal × has diverged further from temperate × than the latter from their wild progenitors. Selection signatures indicate that strawberry domestication targeted genes regulating hormone-mediated fruit expansion, providing a blueprint for genetic factors underlying elite phenotypes.
Treatment plan modification using voxel-based weighting factors/dose prescription (2003)

Under various clinical situations, it is desirable to modify the original treatment plan to better suit the clinical goals. In this work, a method to help physicians modify treatment plans based on their clinical preferences is proposed. The method uses a weighted quadratic dose objective function. The commonly used organ-/ROI-based weighting factors are expanded to a set of voxel-based weighting factors in order to obtain greater flexibility in treatment plan modification. Two different but equivalent modification schemes based on Rustem's quadratic programming algorithms--modification of a weighting matrix and modification of prescribed doses--are presented. Case studies demonstrated the effectiveness of the two methods with regard to their capability to fine-tune treatment plans.
Maternal pre‐pregnancy obesity and child neurodevelopmental outcomes: a meta‐analysis (2017)

This review examined evidence of the association between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. PubMed and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched for empirical studies published before April 2017 using keywords related to prenatal obesity and children's neurodevelopment. Of 1483 identified papers, 41 were included in the systematic review, and 32 articles representing 36 cohorts were included in the meta-analysis. Findings indicated that compared with children of normal weight mothers, children whose mothers were overweight or obese prior to pregnancy were at increased risk for compromised neurodevelopmental outcomes (overweight: OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.11, 1.24], I<sup>2</sup> = 65.51; obese: OR = 1.51; 95% CI [1.35, 1.69], I<sup>2</sup> = 79.63). Pre-pregnancy obesity increased the risk of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (OR = 1.62; 95% CI [1.23, 2.14], I<sup>2</sup> = 70.15), autism spectrum disorder (OR = 1.36; 95% CI [1.08, 1.70], I<sup>2</sup> = 60.52), developmental delay (OR = 1.58; 95% CI [1.39, 1.79], I<sup>2</sup> = 75.77) and emotional/behavioural problems (OR = 1.42; 95% CI [1.26, 1.59], I<sup>2</sup> = 87.74). Given the current obesity prevalence among young adults and women of childbearing age, this association between maternal obesity during pregnancy and atypical child neurodevelopment represents a potentially high public health burden.
Toward the Development of Cross-Platform Business Applications via Model-Driven Transformations (2009)

In this paper, we present an enhanced model-driven development technique for porting business software applications across multiple software middle-ware platforms (such as IBM WebSphere platform, SAP NetWeaver platform, Oracle/BEA platform, etc). Our approach enhances both forward and reverse engineering of models. First, we present a service-oriented approach to reverse engineer platform independent models from platform specific implementations. We demonstrate that by focusing on service level components of software design one can simplify the model extraction problem significantly while still achieving up to 40%-50% of model reusability. Second, we present a semantic Web service matching based technique for automatic binding of generated artifacts with available client assets in forward engineering. By generating implementation artifacts that are bound where appropriate with clients' existing functionality, our approach helps cut down the development time during project implementations and thereby resulting in reduced project durations and costs. Combining these two enhancements to the traditional model-driven development approach, we demonstrate the feasibility of porting of business applications between two platforms: IBM WebSphere and SAP NetWeaver. Experimental results show that 40%-50% of development efforts can be reduced using our model-driven transformation technique in a 4-6 month development effort.
Rethinking the Design of Wearable Expert Systems: The Role of Network Infrastructures (2020)

The recent COVID-19 emergency has pointed out the importance of effective and efficient tools to support users in their day-by-day activities, ranging from health-related ones to studying, remote working and recreation. Indeed, wearables and modern network technologies, such as network slicing and SDWAN, play a key role in this scenario, but existing applications should be rethought to be really useful in critical situations like the current pandemic. In this paper, we reflect about this topic, trying to design an innovative architectural framework where Wearable Expert Systems, IoT and network infrastructures are integrated to obtain the best level of performance.
Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in writer’s cramp (1999)

In some patients 1-Hz rTMS can reinforce deficient intracortical inhibition and may improve handwriting temporarily. Our data support the notion that reduced intracortical inhibition plays a part in the pathophysiology of focal dystonia.
Automated Real-Time PCR Biosensor for the Detection of Pathogens in Produce Irrigation Water (2004)

A flow-through real-time PCR system has been developed. PCR reagents were pumpedinto a borosilicate reaction chamber and sealed by the pump and a valve prior to thermal cycling.The system successfully reached temperature setpoints within 2C and was able to measurefluorescence as a function of cycle number. The flow-through PCR system results were comparedwith results from a commercial real-time PCR machine. In both systems, primer dimers were formedin negative control reactions. The commercial instrument formed a product with the expected meltingtemperature with extracted Salmonella enterica DNA as the target while the flow-through PCRsystem formed a primer dimer with the extracted DNA sample. The cause of the unexpected primerdimer formation is being investigated.
An Interindustry Analysis of Economic Value Added as a Proxy for Market Value Added (2001)

Companies worldwide use the financial metric Economic Value Added (EVAR) to help then assess their financial performance. However researchers speculate that EVA is better suited to traditional manufacturing businesses than to knowledge-based businesses. This study empirically rests the relation between capital intensity and EVA's ability to serve as an effective proxy of market value added. We find that EVA is no less at home in the information economy than it is in traditional manufacturing businesses. However, our results do indicate that in most of the industries studied, the marginal costs of using EVA as a proxy for market value added are not justified by any marginal benefits.
Frailty Phenotype and Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index in Predicting Recovery After Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (2018)

Deficit-accumulation FI provides better prediction of death or poor recovery than frailty phenotype in older patients undergoing SAVR and TAVR.
Aerosolized Liposomal Formulation Prevents Enhanced Drug Transfer from Fibrotic Lungs to the Systemic Circulation (2020)

The aerosolized liposomal formulation can prevent enhanced drug transfer from fibrotic lungs into the systemic circulation via the injured alveolar epithelium. This system may be useful for the sustained distribution of anti-fibrotic agents in fibrotic lungs and the optimization of IPF therapy.
Predicting surgical outcome in posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy with the aid of a preoperative nomogram (2022)

A four-variable nomogram was developed to predict operative time in PRA, which can aid the surgeon to preoperatively identify suitable patients for PRA. If the nomogram predicts longer operative time and therefore a more complex operation, TLA should be considered as an alternative approach since it provides a larger working space. Also, the nomogram can be used for training purposes to select patients with favorable characteristics when learning this surgical approach.
Pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (2007)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects approximately 170 million people worldwide including 2 million in Japan and induces serious chronic hepatitis that results in the development of steatosis, cirrhosis and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. The current combination therapy using pegylated interferon alpha and a nucleotide analogue ribavirin achieved a sustained virological response in about half population of individuals infected with HCV genotypes la and lb. More than two-thirds of the HCV-positive population has been chronically infected with genotype 1 in Western countries and Japan. Therefore, more effective therapeutics and preventative measures are needed for the treatment of hepatitis C patients who are not responsive to the current chemotherapy. HCV core protein is well known to be the viral capsid protein as well as the pathogenic factor that induces steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the transgenic mice. In this review, we summarize the current status of our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism by which HCV core protein induces liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and discuss on a future perspective for the development of novel therapeutics for chronic hepatitis C.
Oxidative Aromatization Using Molecular Oxygen Promoted by Activated Carbon (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polymyxin B self-associated with phospholipid nanomicelles (2011)

PXB association with SSM formed a stable nanomedicine, resulting in decreased bioactivity of the drug in vitro. Effectiveness of this nanomedicine in vivo is yet to be studied.
Bifunctional nanoparticles for SERS monitoring and magnetic intervention of assembly and enzyme cutting of DNAs (2013)

The ability to harness the nanoscale structural properties is essential for the exploration of functional properties of nanomaterials. This report demonstrates a novel strategy exploring bifunctional nanoparticles for spectroscopic detection and magnetic intervention of DNA assembly, disassembly, and enzyme cutting processes in a solution phase. In contrast to existing single-function based approaches, this strategy exploits magnetic MnZn ferrite nanoparticles decorated with gold or silver on the surface to retain adequate magnetization while producing sufficient plasmonic resonance features to impart surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) functions. The decoration of MnZn ferrite nanoparticles with Au or Ag (MZF/Au or MZF/Ag) was achieved by thermally activated deposition of Au or Ag atoms/nanoparticles on MZF nanoparticles. Upon interparticle double-stranded DNA linkage of the MZF/Au (or MZF/Ag) nanoparticles with gold nanoparticles labeled with a Raman reporter, the resulting interparticle "hot spots" are shown to enable real time SERS monitoring of the DNA assembly, disassembly, or enzyme cutting processes, where the magnetic component provides an effective means for intervention of the biomolecular processes in the solution. The unique bifunctional combination of the SERS "hot spots" and the magnetic separation capability serves as the first example of bifunctional nanoprobes for biomolecular recognition and intervention.
Chemical Engineering of the Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube−Nylon 6 Interface (2006)

We report an approach to the chemical engineering of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-polymer interfacial interaction in a nylon 6 graft copolymer composite which is based on the degree of SWNT functionality. Continuous fibers are drawn from composites fabricated from the in situ polymerization of caprolactam with SWNTs possessing a range of carboxylic acid (SWNT-COOH) and amide (SWNT-CONH(2)) functionalities. Mechanical performance evaluation of the composite fibers shows that a high concentration of the carboxylic acid functional groups leads to a stronger SWNT-nylon interfacial interaction, as reflected in greater values of the Young's modulus and mechanical strength. Replacement of the COOH group by CONH(2) in the SWNT starting material changes the grafting polymerization chemistry, thereby leading to the covalent attachment of longer graft copolymer chains to the SWNTs, and alters the composite morphology while increasing the composite flexibility and toughness.
Analysis of Principal Stress Projection in Femur with Total Hip Arthroplasty using CT-image Based Finite Element Method (2018)

The research demonstrates a novel three-dimensional finite element analysis to analyze biomechanical changes in a femur with implant. The method uses principal stress projections to determine trabeculae trajectories in the femur. Visual comparisons of the projections of the femurs show areas of cortical and cancellous changes due to changes in tensile and compressive stresses, revealing areas of stress shielding. The method also includes a bone remodeling algorithm to simulate bone adaptation.
Pressure-induced reentrant metallic phase in lithium (2014)

We report the metal (0--80 GPa)--semiconductor ($oC$40, 80--120 GPa)--metal ($oC$24, &gt;120 GPa) transitions of lithium under compression, as observed through simultaneous electrical resistance and x-ray diffraction measurements. The energy gap in the $oC$40 semiconductor quickly decreases with applied pressure, and Li reverts back to a metallic state accompanied by a structural transition to $oC$24. The large $\ensuremath{\rho}$ value for $oC$24 indicates that this re-entrant metallic phase is a so-called ``poor metal.'' Our results reveal a characteristic phase diagram that demonstrates the existence of a semiconductor phase between two distinct metallic phases.
Desgning optical waveguides for clinical diagnostics in layered tissues: Monte Carlo simulations (2004)

Time-resolved fluorescence signals remitted from bi-layered turbid media models of epithelial tissues were simulated using a Monte Carlo model for photon migration. These simulations are useful for designing fiber-optic probes for clinical optical diagnostics.
Current guidelines in the surgical management of hereditary colorectal cancers (2022)

Incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is on rise. While approximately 70% of all CRC cases are sporadic in nature, 20%-25% have familial aggregation and only < 5% is hereditary in origin. Identification of individuals with hereditary predilection for CRC is critical, as it has an impact on their overall surgical management including surgical timing, approach & technique and determines the role of prophylactic surgery and outcome. This review highlights the concept of hereditary CRC, provides insight into its molecular basis, possibility of its application into clinical practice and emphasizes the current treatment strategies with surgical management, based on the available international guidelines.
Effects of Helicity and System Rotation on Homogeneous Decaying Turbulence. (2000)

To consider the non-reflection property of the turbulence subjected to system rotation, a new method was proposed to introduce turbulence helicity into an isotropic turbulent flow field for direct numerical simulation (DNS). The effects of the helicity and the rotation on turbulence statistics and vortical structure were investigated by theoretical analysis and DNS of the homogeneous decaying turbulence. The DNS results show that both the rotation and the helicity inhibit the energy decaying. The theoretical analysis shows very different mechanisms for the rotation and the helicity to produce this effect, i.e. the helicity directly decreases the energy transfer while the rotation suppresses the energy transfer due to the so called scrambling effect. The rotation elongates the vortical structure along the rotation axis, and it a appears to weaken this tendency with the presence of the helicity.
VIDRE--A Distributed Service-Oriented Business Rule Engine based on RuleML (2006)

Business rules provide an elegant solution to manage dynamic business logic by separating business knowledge from its implementation logic. The drawback of most existing business rule approaches is the lack of standardization and interoperability. The lack of service-orientation and remote accessibility of business rule engines makes it hard to use business rules in distributed environments. This paper contributes the design and implementation of ViDRE (Vienna distributed rules engine), a service-oriented business rule engine based on RuleML. ViDRE enables enterprise applications to access business rules as easy as accessing a database, by exposing rules as Web services. ViDRE uses RuleML as an interlingua to represent facts, rules, and queries. One of the main contributions of the ViDRE approach is the ability to distribute rules and facts across various rule engines, therefore, enabling powerful ways of separating and executing business rules within intra- and interorganizational boundaries