gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exaggerated expectations in ancient starch research and the need for new taphonomic and authenticity criteria (2018)

Ancient starch research illuminates aspects of human ecology and economic botany that drove human evolution and cultural complexity over time, with a special emphasis on past technology, diet, health, and adaptation to changing environments and socio-economic systems. However, lapses in prevailing starch research demonstrate the exaggerated expectations for the field that have been generated over the last few decades, including an absence of explanation for the millennial survivability of a biochemically degradable polymer, and difficulties in proving authenticity and taxonomic identification. These flaws perpetuate skepticism and place credibility at risk. By applying new criteria and using a model that puts greater emphasis on detailed authentication procedures, including bio-geochemical characterization, starch granule preservation pathways will be clarified. Future work must consider growing demands from readers, editors, and reviewers that look for objective compositional identification of putatively ancient starch granules.
Preparation of pellets containing Pothomorphe umbellata extracts by extrusion-spheronization: improvement of 4-nerolidylcatechol photostability (2012)

Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miq., Piperaceae, has been extensively used in Brazilian folk medicine and it is well known for its strong antioxidant properties. However, its main active constituent, 4-nerolydilcatechol (4-NC), is sensitive to ultraviolet and visible light, which can limit the use of intermediate and final herbal preparations of this species. In the present work, coated multiparticulate solid dosage forms of P. umbellata were obtained with the purpose of increasing the stability of 4-NC. P. umbellata extract was used as a wetting liquid for the preparation of pellets by extrusion-spheronization. Pellets were coated in a fluidized bed by three different polymers (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), polyvynilpirrolidone K-30 (PVP-K30), and polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol graft-copolymer (PVA-PEG)). 4-NC photostability was evaluated by an accelerated photostability protocol. Pellets showed a narrow size distribution and low friability. 4-NC photodegradation followed a second order degradation kinetics with similar k values for the percolate, uncoated pellets and HPMC coated pellets. Photoprotection was higher in pellets coated with PVP-K30 and PVA-PEG. PVA-PEG coated pellets with 6 and 9% weight gain resulted in a final concentration of 4-NC approximately cinco times higher than uncoated pellets or liquid extracts, suggesting the potential of this formulation as a multiparticulate solid dosage form for P. umbellata extracts.
PICALM susceptible loci and the levels of its mRNA and protein expression. (2018)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Application of FACTS devices for damping of power system oscillations (2005)

This paper describes an adaptive tuning of parameters of a power oscillation damping (POD) controller for FACTS devices. The FACTS devices considered here are the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and the unified power flow controller (UPFC). A residue method is applied to the linearized power system model to determine the best siting for FACTS devices as well as for the selection of measured signals. Information available from a higher control level, e.g. from a wide-area monitoring and control platform, is used for a fine tuning of the POD controller in case of changing operating conditions.
QR Decomposition of Laurent Polynomial Matrices Sampled on the Unit Circle (2010)

We consider Laurent polynomial (LP) matrices defined on the unit circle of the complex plane. QR decomposition of an LP matrix A(s) yields QR factors Q(s) and R(s) that, in general, are neither LP nor rational matrices. In this paper, we present an invertible mapping that transforms Q(s) and R(s) into LP matrices. Furthermore, we show that, given QR factors of sufficiently many samples of A(s), it is possible to obtain QR factors of additional samples of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A(s</i> ) through application of this mapping followed by interpolation and inversion of the mapping. The results of this paper find applications in the context of signal processing for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems that employ orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM).
Cherenkov emission in a nanowire material (2012)

We study the Cherenkov emission in the vicinity of (or within) a nanowire metamaterial, and demonstrate that due to the anomalously high density of electromagnetic states in such structures, it is possible to boost the Cherenkov emission by several orders of magnitude as compared to natural media, and produce Cherenkov radiation with no threshold for the velocity of the charged particles.
The logical analysis of lexical ambiguity (1987)

Theories of semantic interpretation which wish to capture as many generalizations as possible must face up to the manifoldly ambiguous and contextually dependent nature of word meaning. In this paper I present a two-level scheme of semantic interpretation in which the first level deals with the semantic consequences of syntactic structure and the second with the choice of word meaning. On the first level the meanings of ambiguous words, pronominal references, nominal compounds and metonomies are not treated as fixed, but are instead represented by free variables which range over predicates and functions. The context-dependence of lexical meaning is dealt with by the second level, a constraint propagation process which attempts to assign values to these variables on the basis of the logical coherence of the overall result. In so doing it makes use of a set of polysemy operators which map between lexical senses, thus making a potentially indefinite number of related senses available.
Correction to “Substrate Dynamics Contribute to Enzymatic Specificity in Human and Bacterial Methionine Adenosyltransferases” (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00464.].
Metal‐Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Aluminum Scandium Nitride (2019)

Alloys of scandium with AlN exhibit an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient that can boost the performance of nitride‐based electronic and optoelectronic devices such as high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Consequently, there is increasing interest in the epitaxial growth of high‐quality AlScN/GaN heterostructures. So far, only very recent reports on AlScN HEMT structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been published. Herein, the motivation for depositing AlScN epitaxial layers by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) as well as the challenges associated with this approach are explained. For the first time, the successful deposition of epitaxial layers with a Sc content up to 30% (Al 0.7 Sc 0.3 N) is reported. It is shown that the deposited films consist of wurtzite‐type AlScN with high crystalline quality, demonstrating that MOCVD is suitable for the growth of HEMT structures with Sc‐based ternary nitrides.
Approaches to measuring linear and nonlinear acoustic properties of biological material (1994)

Picosecond grating spectroscopy is a source of tunable ultrasound in the frequency range from a few MHz to tens of GHz. These ultrasound waves can be used to investigate the mechanical properties of biological materials and tissue. The knowledge of the acoustic properties of tissue in this frequency range is important in order to understand the propagation of shock waves in tissue.
Enhanced Percutaneous Permeability of Diclofenac Using a New U-Type Dilutable Microemulsion (2008)

Enhanced systemic absorption in vivo and percutaneous penetration in vitro was demonstrated after transdermal administration of diclofenac sodium formulated in U-type microemulsion. Diclofenac sodium was solubilized in a typical four-component system consisting of an oil, polyoxyethylene-10EO-oleyl alcohol (Brij 96V) as the surfactant, and 1-hexanol along water dilution line W46 (40 wt % surfactant and 60 wt % oil phase before water titration). Viscosity and small angle X-ray scattering measurements have evidenced bicontinuous structures within water fractions of 0.25 and 0.5 along the dilution line. Self-diffusion NMR studies showed that drug molecules accumulated in the interfacial film and, to some extent, dissolved in the oil. Relative to a commercial macro-emulsion cream (Voltaren Emulgel), microemulsions containing paraffin oil or isopropyl myristate increased the in vivo transdermal penetration rate of diclofenac by two order of magnitude, whereas the rat plasma levels were increased by one order of magnitude. The in vitro data obtained from excised rat skin were comparable to the in vivo results, but suffered from discrepancies from the ideal in vivo-in vitro correlation, which might be explained by optimal in vitro conditions of perfusion and hydration. It has also been found that when jojoba oil is formulated as the oil phase in the microemulsion, the penetration rate of the drug decreases significantly. Based on the three-dimensional structure of jojoba oil, the wax is presumed to prevent the drug from being freely diffused into the skin while migrating from the interfacial film into the continuous oil phase.
Targeting the Tumor Core: Hypoxia-Responsive Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Chemotherapy to Pancreatic Tumors (2020)

In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), early onset of hypoxia triggers remodeling of the extracellular matrix, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, increased cell survival, the formation of cancer stem cells, and drug resistance. Hypoxia in PDAC is also associated with the development of collagen-rich, fibrous extracellular stroma (desmoplasia), resulting in severely impaired drug penetration. To overcome these daunting challenges, we created polymer nanoparticles (polymersomes) that target and penetrate pancreatic tumors, reach the hypoxic niches, undergo rapid structural destabilization, and release the encapsulated drugs. In vitro studies indicated a high cellular uptake of the polymersomes and increased cytotoxicity of the drugs under hypoxia compared to unencapsulated drugs. The polymersomes decreased tumor growth by nearly 250% and significantly increased necrosis within the tumors by 60% in mice compared to untreated controls. We anticipate that these polymer nanoparticles possess a considerable translational potential for delivering drugs to solid hypoxic tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Synthesis by C—C Bond Formation. Thionium Ion‐Mediated Preparation of Substituted Pyrrolidines and Piperidines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of a training system for interventional radiology (2009)

The objective of the study reported here was to develop a master slave system for catheter-guided vascular surgery conducted by interventional radiology. By using a master slave system, the surgeon is not exposed to x-rays during the operation because the master tool managed by an operator is located away from the slave tool, which is near the patient. The system must provide vivid realism to the surgeon, particularly with regard to force information, because this surgery is performed in three dimensions while the surgeon watches a two-dimensional monitor. In this study, we developed a training system for a catheter guide in order to upgrade the surgeon's skills because it is difficult to upgrade a master slave system without training. The system consists of a human interface device as the master tool, a control box, and a simulator. This training simulator is for the master slave system, which we developed. The master tool has a force display function using an electrorheological fluid. Two advantages of the fluid actuator are that it can be used without force feedback control and there is mechanical safety, as the surgeon does not experience any accidental force. An open loop control is used to achieve a simple mechanism and algorithm. Our results of preliminary experiments indicated that the output force achieved correlated with that sent from the PC. Three surgeons evaluated this training system under a variety of conditions. The operation of the master tool is simple. The thrust and rotation movements of the catheter can be handled instinctively and without complicated instructions. In addition, accurate force display, response, and stability were achieved with the electrorheological fluid. In the future, the training will need for a realistic depiction of interventional radiology, and the system provides accurate readings for aspiration and blood flow.
Biocavity laser for high-speed cell and tumour biology (2003)

Through recent interdisciplinary scientific research, modern medicine has significantly advanced the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, little progress has been made in reducing the death rate due to cancer, which remains the leading cause of death in much of the world. Pathologists rely on microscopic examination of cell morphology using methods that originated over a hundred years ago. These staining methods are labour-intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes in error. New micro-analytical methods for high speed (real-time) automated screening of tissues and cells could advance pathology and minimize cancer deaths. By teaming experts in physical/chemical sciences and engineering with those in medicine, it may be possible to develop micro-analytical cell spectral/imaging techniques to rapidly distinguish normal and abnormal cells. In this paper, we review the physics and applications of the biocavity laser which may enable these advances in the near future.
Photoreactions of transition metal complexes. Ligand reactivity as a probe for excited-state characterization (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoreactions of transition metal complexes. Ligand reactivity as a probe for excited-state characterizationPhoebe P. Zarnegar, C. R. Bock, and David G. WhittenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 13, 4367–4372Publication Date (Print):June 27, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 27 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00794a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00794a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views283Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nonlinear control of a turbocharged diesel engine using singular perturbation methods (2007)

This contribution is concerned with a nonlinear control design for diesel engines equipped with a variable geometry turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation valve. The control objective is to supply an amount of fresh air and to achieve a desired pressure in the intake manifold for the actual operating point of the engine. The well known differential equations describing such a system are split into parts with a slow, and a fast transient response and transformed into the standard form for singular perturbed systems. For the proposed controller, the slow part is extended with two integrating states and asymptotic stability of the closed loop system in the sense of Lyapunov is guaranteed using singular perturbation methods. Finally, the performance of the controller is demonstrated by simulation results.
Anchorage loss--a multifactorial response. (2003)

Anchorage loss (AL) is a potential side effect of orthodontic mechanotherapy. In the present study, it is defined as the amount of mesial movement of the upper first permanent molar during premolar extraction space closure. In addition, AL is described as a multifactorial response in relation to the extraction site, appliance type, age, crowding, and overjet. For this study, 87 university clinic and private practice subjects, who were defined as maximum anchorage cases and had undergone bilateral maxillary premolar extractions, were divided into four groups according to extraction site (first vs second premolars), mechanics (lingual vs labial edgewise appliances), and age (adolescents vs adults). Overjet and crowding were examined from the overall sample. Data were collected from serial lateral cephalograms and dental casts. The results showed that as the severity of dental crowding increased, AL significantly decreased (r = -0.66, P = .001). Labial edgewise appliances demonstrated a significantly greater AL than did lingual edgewise appliances (1.15 +/- 2.06 mm, P < .05). A greater, though not statistically significant, AL was found in adults than in adolescents (0.73 +/- 1.43 mm). There was a slight nonsignificant increase in AL between maxillary second compared with first premolar extractions (0.51 +/- 1.33 mm). Overjet was weakly correlated to AL. These results suggest that AL is a multifactorial response and that the five examined factors can be divided into primary (crowding, mechanics) and secondary factors (age, extraction site, overjet), in declining order of importance.
Servetus's Christianismi Restitutio and Transylvania (1983)

Histoire de la transmission de l'oeuvre majeure de Michel Servet (1509-1553), la Christianismi Restitutio, dont trois exemplaires de la premiere edition (Vienne/France, 1553) seulement ont survecu a la destruction par le feu des oeuvres de Servet. Les unitariens hongrois de Transylvanie ont joue un role important, en copiant le texte. Finalement, le bibliophile allemand Christoph Gottlieb von Murr (1733-1811) reedita l'oeuvre de Servet, en 1790, sur la base d'une copie d'un exemplaire de 1553 offert par le comte Samuel Teleki (1739-1822) a la Bibliotheque imperiale de Vienne, a la demande de Joseph II. Teleki l'avait lui-meme recu en don de l'eveque unitarien Istvan Agh.
Identification and chromosomal localization of murine ORC3, a new member of the mouse origin recognition complex (1999)

A new member of the murine origin recognition complex (ORC) related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORC3 has been cloned. Transcription of ORC3 is not suppressed in mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts made quiescent by serum starvation. The transcription level of the ORC3 gene is constantly high in all phases of the cell cycle. Murine ORC3 protein contains a putative nuclear localization signal and a non-basic helix-loop-helix motif. Both motifs are conserved in eukaryotes. A potential dimerization partner of ORC3p in the murine ORC complex is ORC1p which also contains an HLH motif. This HLH motif is also highly conserved in all eukaryotic ORC1 proteins. Comparison of murine ORC3p with other ORC3-related proteins shows high amino acid homology and motif conservation leading to the conclusion that ORC3p is part of the initiation machinery conserved in eukaryotes. The mouse ORC3 gene Orc3 was assigned to mouse chromosome 4A3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis.
High-Performance TiO2 Nanotubes/Poly(aryl ether sulfone) Hybrid Self-Cleaning Anti-Fouling Ultrafiltration Membranes (2019)

A series of novel self-cleaning hybrid photocatalytic ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were fabricated to separate polyacrylamide, which is widely used as a commercial flocculant. To maximize the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of hybrid membranes, high surface area TiO₂ nanotubes (TNTs) with excellent photocatalytic activity were homogeneously introduced into a poly(aryl ether sulfone) matrix by chemical bonds. The chemical structure, micromorphology, hydrophilicity, separation efficiency, fouling behavior, and self-cleaning property of the prepared hybrid membranes were well characterized and evaluated. For the optimal sample, the flux recovery ratio increased from ~40% to ~80% after simulated sunlight irradiation for 20 min, which was attributable to the homogeneous dispersion and efficient photocatalytic degradation ability of TNTs. Furthermore, the intelligent fabrication strategy enhanced the anti-aging ability of the hybrid membranes via the use of a fluorine-containing poly matrix. This work provided new insight into the fabrication of high-performance self-cleaning inorganic/organic hybrid membranes.
Implementation of TCP large receive offload on open hardware platform (2013)

Nowadays, the bottleneck in network communications is not represented by the link capacity anymore, but by the receiver processing power. To face this problem, more and more offloading techniques have been developed and implemented in modern NICs, allowing the CPUs to offload some of the required processing onto the underlying hardware. In this work, we present an implementation on an open hardware platform of a stateless Large Receive Offload method (LRO). The presented results experimental demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed implementation.
Cannabinoids for the treatment of inflammation. (2007)

Cannabinoids are effective at suppressing immune and inflammation functions in leukocytes in vitro, and in animal models of acute inflammation, such as the mouse hind paw, ear and air pouch models, as well as gastrointestinal, pulmonary, myocardial, vascular, periodontal, neural, hepatic, pancreatic and arthritic inflammation models. The non-psychoactive cannabinoid receptor CB2 is emerging as a critical target for cannabinoid regulation of inflammation, and thus CB2-selective agonists are undergoing intense investigation and research. This review discusses the evidence for cannabinoid regulation of inflammation across a range of models and highlights the most promising drug candidates.
Flexible Biosensors for the Impedimetric Detection of Protein Targets Using Silk-Conductive Polymer Biocomposites (2019)

To expand the applications of flexible biosensors in point-of-care healthcare applications beyond monitoring of biophysical parameters, it is important to devise strategies for the detection of various proteins and biomarkers. Here, we demonstrate a flexible, fully organic, biodegradable, label-free impedimetric biosensor for the critical biomarker, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This biosensor was constructed by photolithographically patterning a conducting ink consisting of a photoreactive silk sericin coupled with a conducting polymer. These functional electrodes are printed on flexible fibroin substrates that are controllably thick and can be free-standing, or conform to soft surfaces. Detection was accomplished via the antibody to VEGF which was immobilized within the conducting matrix. The results indicated that the developed flexible biosensor was highly sensitive and selective to the target protein, even in challenging biofluids such as human serum. The biosensors themselves are biocompatible and degradable. Through this work, the developed flexible biosensor based on a simple and label-free strategy can find practical applications in the monitoring of wound healing or early disease diagnosis.