gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Underpinnings of Risky Behaviour Relate to Altered Neuroanatomy (2019)

Abstract Previous research points to the heritability of risk-taking behaviour. However, evidence on how genetic dispositions are translated into risky behaviour is scarce. Here, we report a genetically-informed neuroimaging study of real-world risky behaviour across the domains of drinking, smoking, driving, and sexual behaviour, in a European sample from the UK Biobank ( N = 12,675). We find negative associations between risky behaviour and grey matter volume (GMV) in distinct brain regions, including amygdala, ventral striatum, hypothalamus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). These effects replicate in an independent sample recruited from the same population ( N =13,004). Polygenic risk scores for risky behaviour, derived from a genome-wide association study in an independent sample ( N =297,025), are inversely associated with GMV in dlPFC, putamen, and hypothalamus. This relation mediates ~2.2% of the association between genes and behaviour. Our results highlight distinct heritable neuroanatomical features as manifestations of the genetic propensity for risk taking. One Sentence Summary Risky behaviour and its genetic associations are linked to less grey matter volume in distinct brain regions.
LE SUIVI DE LA PRISE DES CIMENTS PAR ULTRASONS (1990)

There are several methods of monitoring the setting of a cement-based mix. The Lyons Regional Laboratory has adopted a method based on a study of the variation of parameters characterizing an ultrasonic longitudinal wave passing through the medium in process of setting. These parameters are the attenuation and the time of propagation between two transducers. A description is given of the apparatus and the conditions of testing, and the various forms of exploitation of the results. A number of characteristic values, calculated on the basis of time and energy indicators, are defined. Lastly, some results are given of studies carried out covering the following variables: - types of cement, - additives, - types of mix. This study should lead to the construction of a specific device for the monitoring of mixes incorporating cement or any other binder whose rheological behaviour changes with the passage of time.
Slow Light Birefringence in Liquid Crystal Light Valves (2010)

By performing two-beam coupling experiments in a liquid crystal light-valve, we show that when slow-light occurs in anisotropic media a large difference of the group index result for orthogonal polarization states of the input pulse.
Application of excimer laser annealing in the formation of ultrashallow p+/n junctions (2000)

In this study, we have simulated the melt front and temperature distribution profiles for pre-amorphized Si during laser irradiation. The simulation data show that theoretically, it is possible to melt the whole amorphous layer without melting the underlying crystalline substrate. On the other hand, ultra-shallow p<SUP>+</SUP>/n junctions were formed by ultra-low energy boron ion implantation into pre- amorphized silicon substrates. Dopant activation was achieved via spike rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and pulsed excimer laser annealing. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses show that a step-like dopant profile can be obtained with a single-pulse laser irradiation. Such a profile is in sharp contrast with the boron concentration profile that is obtained after spike RTA. The cross- sectional transmission electron microscopy images show that the entire pre-amorphized layer has been recrystallized to single-crystalline Si after laser annealing. The results clearly indicate the advantages of employing laser anneal as compared to RTA in the fabrication of highly activated and abrupt ultra-shallow junctions.
Efficient Power System Transient Simulation Based on Frequency Response Optimized Integrators Considering Second Order Derivative (2020)

Frequency response optimized integrators considering second order derivative are proposed in this paper. Based on the proposed numerical integrators, and others which also consider second order derivative, this paper puts forward a novel power system transient simulation scheme. Instead of using a unique numerical integrator, the proposed simulation scheme chooses proper ones according to the dominant frequency component of the differential state variables. With the proposed simulation scheme, computational efficiency is improved by using large step sizes without sacrificing accuracy. Numerical case studies demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the simulation scheme.
Proper Orthogonal Decomposition based 3D microPIV: application to electrothermal flow study (2013)

Since late 1990s, micron-resolution particle image velocimetry (?PIV) has been widely developed to measure fluid flow velocities field in microchannels [1]. While 2D ?PIV method has been extensively investigated, accurate 3D ?PIV still remains challenging to implement since it usually requires specialized and expensive equipments (e.g. confocal, stereo imaging or holography microscopes) [2]. In the present work, the out-of-plane velocity component w is reconstructed from in-plane components (u,v), using fluid incompressibility. We use Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to decompose u and v into its dominant n eigenfunctions ank =1 ak(z)fk(x;y) thereby filtering noise and simplifying the signal. In addition, those eigenfunctions are well suited to solve incompressibility equation since they enable independent differentiation and integration. Our method is applied to an AC electrothermal fluid flow, which was previously studied experimentally and numerically[3].
Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of dissimilatory iodate-reducing bacteria identifies potential niches across the world’s oceans (2021)

Iodine is oxidized and reduced as part of a biogeochemical cycle that is especially pronounced in the oceans, where the element naturally concentrates. The use of oxidized iodine in the form of iodate (IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) as an electron acceptor by microorganisms is poorly understood. Here, we outline genetic, physiological, and ecological models for dissimilatory IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> reduction to iodide (I<sup>-</sup>) by a novel estuarine bacterium, Denitromonas sp. IR-12. Our results show that dissimilatory iodate reduction (DIR) by strain IR-12 is molybdenum-dependent and requires an IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> reductase (idrA) and likely other genes in a mobile cluster with a conserved association across known and predicted DIR microorganisms (DIRM). Based on genetic and physiological data, we propose a model where three molecules of IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> are likely reduced to three molecules of hypoiodous acid (HIO), which rapidly disproportionate into one molecule of IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and two molecules of iodide (I<sup>-</sup>), in a respiratory pathway that provides an energy yield equivalent to that of nitrate or perchlorate respiration. Consistent with the ecological niche expected of such a metabolism, idrA is enriched in the metagenome sequence databases of marine sites with a specific biogeochemical signature (high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate) and diminished oxygen. Taken together, these data suggest that DIRM help explain the disequilibrium of the IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>:I<sup>-</sup> concentration ratio above oxygen-minimum zones and support a widespread iodine redox cycle mediated by microbiology.
INVERSE Q‐FILTERING. A SPECTRAL BALANCING TECHNIQUE* (1987)

ABSTRACT Inverse Q ‐filtering (IQF) is a technique designed to correct for transmission losses due to inelastic attenuation. It is based on the constant‐ Q model and is derived from a Taylor series solution of a standard convolutional‐trace model (primaries only). To avoid a non‐causal solution, the attenuation is assumed to be minimum‐phase. Band limitation is introduced to make IQF a stable process in the presence of noise. The main features of IQF are demonstrated using both synthetic and field data.
Effects of Food Processing on Blueberry Antiproliferation and Antioxidant Activity (2005)

ABSTRACT Cultivated highbush ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and wild lowbush ( Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) blueberries are excellent sources of phytochemicals that are believed to have significant biological activity. The objective of this study was to determine whether incorporation of blueberries into food products affects their phenolic content or antioxidant and antiproliferation activity. Several blueberry fruit‐containing products including fresh, individually quick frozen (IQF), freeze‐dried, spray‐dried, heat‐dried, cooked, juice concentrate, pie filling, and jam were fractionated to remove sugars and isolate groups of phytochemicals based on solubility. The fractions were analyzed for total phenolics and assayed for ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant activity, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and hepa‐1c1c7 antiproliferative activities. For both cultivated and wild berries, fresh and IQF berries had the highest total phenols, antioxidant activity, and antiproliferation activity. Whole freeze‐dried wild blueberries also retained significant antiproliferative activity in 2 fractions eluted with acetone (fraction 4, 4% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL) and 50% aqueous acetone (fraction 5, 69% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL) and ranked close to the activities recorded for fresh (30% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL for fraction 5) and IQF whole fruit (27% of control cell growth at 20 (μg/mL for fraction 5). Products that were heat‐processed retained most of the antioxidant activity and total phenolics found in unprocessed whole fruit. However, the heat‐treated products lacked or had diminished antiproliferation activity, suggesting that although products may be high in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, some forms of bioactivity may be compromised by harsh processing methods.
[clc] Kinetic and stoichiometric characterization of organoautotrophic growth of Ralstonia eutropha on formic acid in fed-batch and continuous cultures (2014)

Formic acid, acting as both carbon and energy source, is a safe alternative to a carbon dioxide, hydrogen and dioxygen mix for studying the conversion of carbon through the Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle into value-added chemical compounds by non-photosynthetic microorganisms. In this work, organoautotrophic growth of Ralstonia eutropha on formic acid was studied using an approach combining stoichiometric modeling and controlled cultures in bioreactors. A strain deleted of its polyhydroxyalkanoate production pathway was used in order to carry out a physiological characterization. The maximal growth yield was determined at 0.16 Cmole Cmole[superscript −1] in a formate-limited continuous culture. The measured yield corresponded to 76% to 85% of the theoretical yield (later confirmed in pH-controlled fed-batch cultures). The stoichiometric study highlighted the imbalance between carbon and energy provided by formic acid and explained the low growth yields measured. Fed-batch cultures were also used to determine the maximum specific growth rate (μ[subscript max] = 0.18 h[superscript −1]) and to study the impact of increasing formic acid concentrations on growth yields. High formic acid sensitivity was found in R eutropha since a linear decrease in the biomass yield with increasing residual formic acid concentrations was observed between 0 and 1.5 g l[superscript −1].
The thixotropic effect of the synovial fluid in squeeze‐film lubrication of the human hip joint (2001)

The thixotropic (shear-thinning) effect of the synovial fluid in squeeze-film lubrication of the human hip joint is evaluated, taking into account filtration of the squeezed synovial film by biphasic articular cartilage. A porous, homogeneous, elastic cartilage matrix filled with the interstitial ideal fluid, with the intact superficial zone (of lower permeability and stiffness in compression) already disrupted or worn away, models an early stage of arthritis. Due to a high viscosity of the normal synovial fluid at very low shear rates, the squeezed synovial film at a fixed time after the application of a steady load is found to be much thicker in a small central part of the lubricated contact area. In the remaining part, the film is thin as it corresponds to the Newtonian fluid with the same high-shear-rate viscosity. Filtration is lower for the normal cartilage with the intact superficial zone due to its lower permeability and compression stiffness. But even in the fictitious case of zero filtration, calculations show that the effect of thixotropy on the increase of the minimum synovial film thickness would manifest itself as late as after several tens of seconds since the physiologic load application. At that time, this thickness would be as low as about 0.3 microm. It follows that thixotropy of the normal synovial fluid (and so much more of the inflammatory fluid) is irrelevant in squeeze-film lubrication of both the normal and arthritic human hip joints.
Kesan Pengudaraan dan pencairan ke atas penghasilan bioetanol secara selaniar dalam bioreaktor padat oleh saccharomyces cerevisiae (2010)

Stability of cell growth was achieved continuously at a steady state in a packed-bed bioreactor. The highest productivity of ethanol was achieved (0.02 g/L/h) when 0.003 vvm was employed. The productivity of bioethanol increases when dilution rate increases. The highest production of 0.037 g/L/h was recorded when the dilution rate (D) was at 0.05 per hour. The production of bioethanol was sucessfully maintained in a non 100% anaerobic condition. The best aeration for the continous production of bioethanol in a condition of steady state growth was at an aeration rate of 0.003 vvm.
Quantum Computation-Based Image Representation, Processing Operations and Their Applications (2014)

A flexible representation of quantum images (FRQI) was proposed to facilitate the extension of classical (non-quantum)-like image processing applications to the quantum computing domain. The representation encodes a quantum image in the form of a normalized state, which captures information about colors and their corresponding positions in the images. Since its conception, a handful of processing transformations have been formulated, among which are the geometric transformations on quantum images (GTQI) and the CTQI that are focused on the color information of the images. In addition, extensions and applications of FRQI representation, such as multi-channel representation for quantum images (MCQI), quantum image data searching, watermarking strategies for quantum images, a framework to produce movies on quantum computers and a blueprint for quantum video encryption and decryption have also been suggested. These proposals extend classical-like image and video processing applications to the quantum computing domain and offer a significant speed-up with low computational resources in comparison to performing the same tasks on traditional computing devices. Each of the algorithms and the mathematical foundations for their execution were simulated using classical computing resources, and their results were analyzed alongside other classical computing equivalents. The work presented in this review is intended to serve as the epitome of advances made in FRQI quantum image processing over the past five years and to simulate further interest geared towards the realization of some secure and efficient image and video processing applications on quantum computers.
Silicon Waveguide Frequency Scanning Linear Array Antenna (1978)

The design and experimental findings of a novel approach a relatively simple low-cost frequency-scanning milliter-wave antenna are described. The antenna consists of a silicon dielectric rectangular rod with periodic metallic stripe perturbations on one side. The feasibility of electronically scanning through a range of angles by varying the frequency fed into the silicon rod is shown. CalcuIations were made to determine the allowable physical size of the silicon rod in order to maintain a single fundamental mode of operation and the effect which size variations and perturbation spacing have on the angle of radiation and the range of angular scan for a given frequency shift. Efforts covered the frequency range 55-100 GHz with specific points of interest at 60, 70, and 94 GHz. The results of the experiments conducted are compared with the theoretical calculations.
The Multi-tasker (2008)

She's written chick-lit, children's books, edited a recent anthology of Aboriginal literature and was this year made chair of the ASA. The busy Anita Heiss took some out of her jam-packed schedule to talk to Katie Horner.
SPIM-Flow: An Integrated Light Sheet and Microfluidics Platform for Hydrodynamic Studies of Hydra (2023)

Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), or light sheet microscopy, is a powerful imaging approach. However, access to and interfacing microscopes with microfluidics have remained challenging. Complex interfacing with microfluidics has limited the SPIM's utility for studying the hydrodynamics of freely moving multicellular organisms. We developed SPIM-Flow, an inexpensive light sheet platform that enables easy integration with microfluidics. We used SPIM-Flow to investigate the hydrodynamics of a freely moving <i>Hydra</i> polyp via particle tracking in millimeter-sized chambers. Initial experiments across multiple animals, feeding on a chip (<i>Artemia franciscana</i> nauplii used as food), and baseline behaviors (tentacle swaying, elongation, and bending) indicated the organisms' health inside the system. Fluidics were used to investigate <i>Hydra</i>'s response to flow. The results suggested that the animals responded to an established flow by bending and swaying their tentacles in the flow direction. Finally, using SPIM-Flow in a proof-of-concept experiment, the shear stress required to detach an animal from a surface was demonstrated. Our results demonstrated SPIM-Flow's utility for investigating the hydrodynamics of freely moving animals.
ChemInform Abstract: METHOTREXATE ANALOGS. 12. SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME AZA HOMOLOGS (1979)

Abstract Die Carbonsäure (I) liefert das Azid (III), das mit tert.‐Butylamin, Methanol oder Aminosäureestern beim Erhitzen oder bei der Photolyse zu den Derivaten (IV)‐(VI) reagiert.
Committee Reports: Committee On Health Manpower (1968)

Committee Reports: Committee On Health Manpower REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN, 1967 Robert G. WebsterM.P.H., Alonzo S. YerbyM.D., Berwyn F. Mattison, SecretaryM.D., Duncan ClarkM.D., John M. FrankelD.D.S., Lenor GoerkeM.D., Darrel J. MasePh.D., Marion MurphyPh.D., Joseph A. Salvato, Jr.P.E., Donald F. Simpson, and George James, Dean, ChairmanM.D. CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.58.3.569 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Mammalian herbivory in post-fire chaparral impacts herbaceous composition but not N and C cycling (2020)

Abstract Aims Classical theory predicts that herbivores impact herb assemblages and soil nitrogen (N) cycling through selective plant consumption and the deposition of N-rich waste, with effects dependent upon ecosystem N availability. Herbivores are predicted to accelerate N cycling when N availability is high and decelerate cycling when availability is low. However, experimental tests of these theories in natural systems are limited and have yielded contradictory results. California’s widespread chaparral shrublands provide a tractable system in which to test these theories. They are prone to periodic crown fire, which temporarily removes living shrub cover, deposits mineral N on soils and allows diverse herbaceous assemblages to dominate the landscape for 3–5 years. Chaparral is also increasingly vulnerable to herbaceous invasion; mammalian herbivory may limit the establishment of non-native herbs in the shrub understory. Methods We implemented a 2-year herbivore-exclosure experiment (Hopland, CA) to assess the impact of mammalian herbivory during early post-fire chaparral succession, both on herbaceous plant assemblages and soil N and C cycling. We predicted that, in high-N post-fire conditions, mammalian herbivory would not demonstrate a strong preference for N-fixing herbs, would accelerate N cycling and would reduce the abundance of non-native herbs. Important Findings Excluding mammalian herbivores increased herb standing biomass by 54%, but changed neither the relative abundance of N-fixing vs. non-N-fixing herbs nor any measure of N or C cycling. Herbivore impacts on nutrient cycling may not be significant over the 2-year time scale of the experiment and physical effects of herbivore activity could have counteracted the influence of plant litter and animal dung/urine inputs. Mammalian herbivores concentrated their feeding on typical non-native herbs, slightly decreasing their relative abundance; however, mammalian herbivory was not sufficient to stem the invasion of chaparral by invasive herbs or alter C and N cycling over the first 2 years after fire.
Co-Electrodeposition of Metallic Precursors for the Fabrication of CZTSe Thin Films Solar Cells on Flexible Mo Foil (2017)

Earth abundant Cu2ZnSnSe4(CZTSe) thin films solar cells were fabricated on flexible molybdenum (Mo) foil substrate through an electrochemical approach. After co-electroplating from single electrolyte, Cu-Zn-Sn (CZT) precursor was selenized in quartz tube furnace at 550â¦C for 15 minutes in Ar atmosphere with the presence of elemental selenium in order to form CZTSe compound. Before selenization, CZT precursor was soft-annealed at 310â¦C for 150 minutes in Ar atmosphere in order to improve intermixing of the elements and to reduce roughness. The formation of Kesterite CZTSe on selenized film was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. SEM imaging and EDS line profile on the cross-section of CZTSe layer showed the well-formed CZTSe along depth of the film also. Opto-electrical characteristics of the film by photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed the suitability of the absorber layer to make solar cell. A flexible solar cell with Al/Al-ZnO/i-ZnO/CdS/CZTSe/Mo-foil configuration, which showed 0.1% power conversion efficiency at first attempt, has been fabricated, in which buffer layer CdS has been deposited through chemical bath deposition and transparent conducting oxides (i-ZnO, Al-ZnO) have been deposited by DC pulsed sputtering.
Understanding Service Reusability (2007)

Abstract: Reusability of software components is a key determinant of application development productivity and maintainability of applications. Reuse is regarded by many organizations as the top driver for the adoption of SOA. However the mechanism for achieving reusability of services is poorly understood at present and there is evidence that design of services for reuse is not a prime objectives when implementing SOA. The design of services is driven primarily by performance and scalability considerations, rather than any sound software engineering principles. In this paper we argue that excessive use of coarse-grained, document-centric messages results in poor reuse and undesirable interdependencies between services. We discuss the relationship between granularity of services, service reuse and service composability and describe how developers of Web Services applications can get a better understanding of the tradeoffs between performance, reuse, and maintainability of service-oriented applications.