gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Studies on Specific Gene Therapy for Recessive Retinal Degenerative Diseases (2010)

Inherited retinal diseases are non-lethal and have a wide level of genetic heterogeneity. Many of the genes involved have now been identified and their function elucidated, providing a major step towards the development of gene-based treatments. The most widely used vectors for ocular gene delivery are based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) because they mediate long-term transgene expression in a variety of retinal cell types and elicit minimal immune responses. Extensive preclinical evaluation of gene transfer strategies in small and large animal models is key to the development of successful gene-based therapies for the retina. These preclinical studies have already allowed the field to reach the point where gene therapy to treat inherited blindness has been brought to clinical trial. In this manuscript, we focus on recombinant AAV-mediated specific gene therapy for recessive retinal degenerative diseases we describe the preclinical studies for the treatment of retinal degeneration caused by retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells or photoreceptor defects and the immune response induced by retinal rAAV gene transfer.
Total Synthesis of Aspergillide A and B Based on the Transannular Oxy‐Michael Reaction (2011)

Über den Ring hinweg: Eine hocheffiziente und diastereoselektive transannulare Oxy-Michael-Reaktion zum Aufbau der syn- und anti-Tetrahydropyran-Einheiten ausgehend von einem gemeinsamen 14-gliedrigen Makrolacton ist der Schlüsselschritt in der Totalsynthese von Aspergillid A und B (siehe Schema; CM=Kreuzmetathese, HWE=Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons-Reaktion, TBS=tert-Butyldimethylsilyl). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
GLOBECOM '01 : IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 25-29 November 2001 (2001)

Communications Quality and Reliability Communications Software Communications Switching and Routing Communications Systems Integration and Modeling Communications Theory Computer Communications Enterprise Networking Gigabit Networking Information Infrastructure Interconnect in High Speed Digital Systems Internet Multimedia Communications Network Operations and Management Personal Communications Radio Communications Satellite and Space Communications Signal Processing & Communications Electronics Signal Processing for Storage Tactical Communications Transmission Access & Optical Systems.
Utilizing LiDAR Intensity in Object Tracking (2019)

Reliable and precise object tracking is an essential requirement for automated driving. The majority of LiDAR-based tracking algorithms resort to raw range measurements only. In contrast, we propose a novel method to extract compact and salient features from LiDAR intensities. Using the example of an evasive steering maneuver of a leading vehicle, we show that leveraging these intensity features allows for a more accurate estimation of object states. The resulting early detection of target object rotation allows an automated driving system additional time for deriving an appropriate driving policy.
New ionic liquid crystal compounds having a 1,3-dithiane or 1,3-dioxane ring (1999)

New pyridinium type thermotropic ionic liquid crystal materials having a 1,3-dithiane ring in the central core N-substituted 4-(5-alkyl-1,3-dithian-2-yl)pyridinium bromides and the corresponding 1,3-dioxanes were synthesized and their mesomorphic behaviours compared. The principal feature of these compounds is to exhibit a smectic A phase over a very wide temperature range including room temperature.
<title>Continuous-time segmentation networks</title> (1991)

Segmentation is a basic problem in computer vision. The tiny-tanh network, a continuous-time network that segments scenes based upon intensity, motion, or depth is introduced. The tiny- tanh algorithm maps naturally to analog circuitry since it was inspired by previous experiments with analog VLSI segmentation hardware. A convex Lyapunov energy is utilized so that the system does not get stuck in local minima. No annealing algorithms of any kind are necessary- -a sharp contrast to previous software/hardware solutions of this problem.
Chiral(arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes: resolution of aldehydes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral(arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes: resolution of aldehydesArlette Solladie-Cavallo, Guy Solladie, and Etienne TsamoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 23, 4189–4191Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01337a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01337a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
.zeta.-potentials of silica in water-alcohol mixtures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.zeta.-potentials of silica in water-alcohol mixturesMarek Kosmulski and Egon MatijevicCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 4, 1060–1064Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00040a008https://doi.org/10.1021/la00040a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views973Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamic network analysis improves protein 3D structural classification (2021)

Protein structural classification (PSC) is a supervised problem of assigning proteins into pre-defined structural (e.g., CATH or SCOPe) classes based on the proteins' sequence or 3D structural features. We recently proposed PSC approaches that model protein 3D structures as protein structure networks (PSNs) and analyze PSN-based protein features, which performed better than or comparable to state-of-the-art sequence or other 3D structure-based approaches in the task of PSC. However, existing PSN-based PSC approaches model the whole 3D structure of a protein as a static PSN. Because folding of a protein is a dynamic process, where some parts of a protein fold before others, modeling the 3D structure of a protein as a dynamic PSN might further help improve the existing PSC performance. Here, we propose for the first time a way to model 3D structures of proteins as dynamic PSNs, with the hypothesis that this will improve upon the current state-of-the-art PSC approaches that are based on static PSNs (and thus upon the existing state-of-the-art sequence and other 3D structural approaches). Indeed, we confirm this on 71 datasets spanning ~44,000 protein domains from CATH and SCOPe
A CMOS Stereo 16 Bit D/A Converter for Digital Audio (1986)

A stereo D/A converter for digital audio applications is presented which obtains 16 bit resolution from a one bit converter, using a code conversion technique based upon oversampling and noise shaping. Linear-phase low-pass filtering is implemented in the code converter to allow simple analog output filtering.
Joint optimization of the redundancy of multiple-description coders for multicast (2009)

We consider the optimization of multicast over packet-switched communication networks with a non-zero packet-loss probability. For the system setup consisting of a number of multiple-description coders, we jointly optimize these coders. We propose an analytic solution, asymptotically optimal in the number of multiple-description coders. The analytic solution allows for fast system adaptation to changing network conditions. A locally optimal optimization algorithm that is useful when the number of multicast groups is small is derived. Simulations show that the utilization of the analytic solution incurs a low overhead on the performance when compared to the locally optimal solution, even for a small number of multiple-description coders.
The multi-session Multi-layer Broadcast Approach for Two Cooperating Receivers (2008)

We study the problem of a single source transmitting, over a non-fading Gaussian channel, to two cooperating users exhibiting different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Both users are required to decode the source message. This model is similar to the broadcast channel with a common message, however the users cannot reliably decode the message independently, and require some form of conversation in order to decode. The cooperation is performed over a noiseless link with a total capacity limit C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">coop</sub> , which the users may utilize for conversation. In order to maximize the achievable throughput, it is suggested to employ the multi-layer broadcast approach combined with multi-session cooperation, such that every session another layer can be decoded. Since the cooperation link is limited, an efficient cooperation scheme is required. The relaying user performs compression accounting for the side information of the decoder in the Wyner-Ziv (WZ) spirit. In multi-session cooperation the compression is in the form of successive-refinement WZ coding. After the first user decodes a layer, the minimal required information is sent back to the second user to allow both of them to decode the message. The minimal required information is achievable with random coding using a binning strategy. While it is expected that multi-session cooperation will potentially be more efficient than a single-session cooperation we show that the maximal throughput is achieved in a single session.
Hypervelocity impact investigations and meteoroid shielding experience related to Apollo and Skylab (1985)

Generic hypervelocity impact related topics and specific Apollo/Skylab related investigations are reviewed. Cratering and spallation mechanisms and the relationships between the effecting physical parameters are discussed. Design and material requirements for meteoroid shielding structures are also addressed. Penetration resistance and failure mode studies for Apollo/Skylab components are reviewed.
Looking at the facts : what we know about policy and growth from cross-country analysis (1993)

What has the profession learned from cross-country regressions about the links between long-run growth and indicators of fiscal, monetary, trade, financial, and exchange-rate policies? The authors find that: indicators of financial development are strongly associated with long-run growth; other individual policy indicators are only weakly linked to growth; and it is particularly difficult to find a consistent relationship between inflation and long-run growth. For example, the inclusion or exclusion of one or two countries (Nicaragua and Uganda) out of more than 100 countries in the sample can lead to reaching three quite different conclusions: (1) that only very high inflation is bad for growth; (2) that very high inflation in itself is not bad for growth, but small increases in inflation in moderate-inflation countries slow growth; or (3) that inflation is unrelated to growth. The connections between policy indicators and growth are quite sensitive to slight alterations in the right-hand-side variables and to small changes in the sample of countries. And the daunting array of methodological problems limiting the ability to interpret cross-country regressions implies that, at best, they suggest interesting empirical regularities. Cross-country regressions should not be used to predict by how much long-run growth will change when policies change. But beliefs about policy and growth that are not supported by cross-country evidence will tend to be viewed skeptically. So, future work on the policy-growth nexus should integrate broad cross-country analyses with country case studies and investigations of specific firms.
Refractive aspects of cataract surgery (1996)

The emphasis in cataract surgery has shifted to perfecting the refractive outcome. More accurate lens power calculations and refinement in techniques to reduce or eliminate surgically induced and preexisting astigmatism have moved us closer to the ultimate surgical result-emmetropia. Multifocal lenses and surgically induced multifocal corneas have the potential to eliminate not only myopia and hyperopia but also the loss of accommodation resulting from the pseudophakic state.
A Simple Ex Vivo Semiquantitative Fluorescent Imaging Utilizing Planar Laser Scanner: Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Mouse Brain and Kidney (2019)

We successfully obtained ex vivo semiquantitative fluorescent images of ROS generation utilizing a planar laser scanner and DHE. This simple method is useful for ROS detection in several ROS-related animal models and would be applicable to a variety of biochemical processes.
Mannose-mediated targeted immunoadjuvant action of liposomes. (1988)

The effect of the ligand mannosylated albumin, covalently coupled to the surface of tetanus toxoid-containing dehydration-rehydration vesicles (DRV), on their adjuvanticity was investigated. Toxoid-containing DRV coated with mannosylated albumin bound in vitro to mouse (BALB/c) peritoneal macrophages selectively and to a greater extent than non-mannosylated DRV. ELISA assays of anti-toxoid IgG1 and IgG2b in the sera of BALB/c mice immunized with various toxoid-containing DRV preparations suggest that mannosylated liposomes are superior in immunoadjuvant action to conventional ones. Such targeted adjuvanticity appears to be influenced by the number of ligand molecules available on the surface of liposomes rather than the number of mannose residues on albumin.
Evaluation and Reduction of Aberrations in Distributed Index Rod Lenses (1981)

Studies on evaluating and measuring aberrations of rod lenses which have mostly parabolic distribution of refractive index have been reviewed. Some efforts of reducing aberrations by controlling the fabrication process are also summarized.
Computational Optimization of Biomedical Devices (1998)

Abstract Computational (virtual) prototyping of equipment is a widely accepted design concept in the aerospace and automotive industries, which is becoming increasingly popular in the materials processing and semiconductor industries as well. The concept of virtual prototyping involves the development of computer models for simulation of the physical phenomena that govern equipment performance. Once the computer model has been validated, it can be used for design analysis and optimization studies for that particular equipment/device. Physical prototyping is undertaken only after the virtual prototype has satisfied all the requisite design criteria.
Thyroid cancer and multiple primary malignancies in Israel (1991)

The exact risk of multiple primary neoplasms in patients with thyroid cancer is difficult to ascertain from the data available in the literature. Three thousand seventy-two patients with thyroid cancer, listed in the Israel Cancer Registry during a 16-year time span, were studied to determine the true incidence of another primary cancer. Ninety-two cases were reported as having an additional primary cancer. The prevalence of multiple primary malignancies was 3%. The frequency was higher among patients of European rather than of Asian or African origin. The second primary cancers in order of decreasing frequency were of the breast, lung, colorectum, head and neck, and lymphoma/myeloma. Most of the deaths were due to the additional cancer. The 5-year survival rate was highest for head and neck and lowest for lung cancer patients. These results emphasize the need for greater awareness of the possibility of developing additional cancers, and indicate the need to incorporate strategies for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of multiple primary neoplasms.
Supplemental Figure 3 from Mitochondrial Genomic Backgrounds Affect Nuclear DNA Methylation and Gene Expression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 3. Integrative analysis of methylation and gene expression. The methylation level for the five most differentially expressed genes (listed at the top of each page), for which also methylation data was available, is shown in Panels A-E for each gene. Chromosomal position of the corresponding gene is shown on the x-axis, and the methylation in percentage is shown on the y-axis. Each star represents one CpG. CpG''s for BB are shown in green, while CpG''s for FB are shown in orange. For both types a LOWESS (Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing) smoother was used to create a "regression line". The boxplot in panel F for each gene presents the normalized gene expression for both samples (BB and FB) for the five previously picked genes. Again, green indicates a BB-sample and orange indicates a FB-sample. Each box visualizes two normalized gene expressions (two replicates).&lt;/p&gt;
C-Nucleophilic substitution in tetrachlorophthalonitrile — An approach to some new hexadecasubstituted phthalocyanines (2013)

Reaction of tetrachlorophthalonitrile with some C -nucleophiles was studied. Only one chlorine atom was substituted regioselectively in the position 4 of benzene ring with diethyl malonate and malononitrile; no reaction occurred in case of bulkier diethyl ethylmalonate and ethylmalononitrile. In case of dimedone the domino substitution of two chlorine atoms, first with C -nucleophile followed by enolate O -nucleophile led to the mixture of two dibenzofuran derivatives. Remaining chlorine aroms n malonate and dibenzofuran derivatives were substituted with thiols, but in malononitrile derivative high acidity of methine proton led to the formation of stable carbanion under basic conditions that prevents further substitution. Hexadecasubstituted zinc phthalocyanines were synthesized from some new phthalonitriles.
Measurements of Pressure Distributions and Force Coefficients in a Squeeze Film Damper. Part 2: Partially Sealed Configuration (1991)

Experimental results from a partially sealed squeeze film damper (SFD) test rig, executing a circular centered orbit are presented and discussed. A serrated piston ring is installed at the damper exit. This device involves a new sealing concept which produces high damping values while allowing for oil flow to cool the damper. In the partially sealed damper, large cavitation regions are observed in the pressure fields at orbit radii epsilon equals 0.5 and epsilon equals 0.8. The cavitated pressure distributions and the corresponding force coefficients are compared with a cavitated bearing solution. The experimental results show the significance of fluid inertia and vapor cavitation in the operation of squeeze film dampers. Squeeze film Reynolds numbers tested reach up to Re equals 50, spanning the range of contemporary applications.
Recent Progress in Small Spirocyclic, Xanthene-Based Fluorescent Probes (2020)

The use of fluorescent probes in a multitude of applications is still an expanding field. This review covers the recent progress made in small molecular, spirocyclic xanthene-based probes containing different heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, silicon, carbon) in position 10'. After a short introduction, we will focus on applications like the interaction of probes with enzymes and targeted labeling of organelles and proteins, detection of small molecules, as well as their use in therapeutics or diagnostics and super-resolution microscopy. Furthermore, the last part will summarize recent advances in the synthesis and understanding of their structure-behavior relationship including novel computational approaches.
Modern state and perspectives of bulk acoustic wave composite resonators (2003)

The review of the modern state and the perspectives of bulk acoustic wave composite resonators is presented. Special attention is paid to the following topics: what composite resonators are, modern composite resonators including multifrequency resonators, the thin-film resonators with and without acoustic isolation from the substrate. A particular review of the microwave bulk acoustic spectroscopy of the materials - the measurements of attenuation and elastic coefficients is presented.
Epimerization‐Free Block Synthesis of Peptides from Thioacids and Amines with the Sanger and Mukaiyama Reagents (2009)

Highly activated thioesters formed by the rapid reaction of C-terminal thioacids derived from protected amino acids and peptides with the Sanger reagent and other electron-deficient aryl halides in the presence of a free amine immediately form a peptide bond with the amine. This essentially epimerization-free method was used for the 4+4 block synthesis of a hindered octapeptide (see scheme; Boc, Pbf, and Trt are protecting groups).