gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fractal fronts of diffusion in microgravity (2011)

Spatial scale invariance represents a remarkable feature of natural phenomena. A ubiquitous example is represented by miscible liquid phases undergoing diffusion. Theory and simulations predict that in the absence of gravity diffusion is characterized by long-ranged algebraic correlations. Experimental evidence of scale invariance generated by diffusion has been limited, because on Earth the development of long-range correlations is suppressed by gravity. Here we report experimental results obtained in microgravity during the flight of the FOTON M3 satellite. We find that during a diffusion process a dilute polymer solution exhibits scale-invariant concentration fluctuations with sizes ranging up to millimetres, and relaxation times as large as 1,000 s. The scale invariance is limited only by the finite size of the sample, in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The presence of such fluctuations could possibly impact the growth of materials in microgravity.
Control of pancreatic islet function and glucose homeostasis by a novel microexon program misregulated in type 2 diabetes (2022)

Abstract Pancreatic islets control glucose homeostasis by the balanced secretion of insulin and other hormones, and their abnormal function causes diabetes or hypoglycemia. Here, we uncover a conserved program of alternative microexons included in mRNAs of islet cells, particularly in genes involved in vesicle transport and exocytosis. Islet microexons (IsletMICs) are regulated by the RNA binding protein SRRM3 and represent a subset of the larger neural program that are particularly sensitive to the levels of this regulator. Both SRRM3 and IsletMICs are induced by elevated glucose levels, and depletion of SRRM3 in beta cell lines and mouse islets, or repression of particular IsletMICs using antisense oligonucleotides, leads to inappropriate insulin secretion. Consistently, SRRM3 mutant mice display defects in islet cell identity and function, leading to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Importantly, human genetic variants that influence SRRM3 expression and IsletMIC inclusion in islets are associated with fasting glucose variation and type 2 diabetes risk.
Simulating Independence: New Constructions of Condensers, Ramsey Graphs, Dispersers, and Extractors. (2010)

A distribution X over binary strings of length n has min-entropy k if every string has probability at most 2 −k in X. 1 X is called a δ-source if its rate k/n is at least δ. We give the following new explicit constructions (namely, poly(n)-time computable functions) of deterministic extractors, dispersers and related objects. All work for any fixed rate δ&amp;gt; 0. No previous explicit construction was known for either of these, for any δ &amp;lt; 1/2. The first two constitute major progress to very long-standing open problems. 1. Bipartite Ramsey f1: ({0, 1} n) 2 → {0, 1}, such that for any two independent δ-sources X1, X2 we have f1(X1, X2) = {0, 1}. This implies a new explicit construction of 2N-vertex bipartite graphs where no induced N δ by N δ subgraph is complete or empty. 2. Multiple source extraction f2: ({0, 1} n) 3 → {0, 1}, such that for any three independent δ-sources X1, X2, X3 we have that f2(X1, X2, X3) is (o(1)-close to being) an unbiased random bit. 3. Constant seed condenser 2 f3: {0, 1} n → ({0, 1} m) c, such that for any δ-source X, one of the c output distributions f3(X)i, is a 0.9-source over {0, 1} m. Here c is a constant depending only on δ. 4. Subspace Ramsey f4: {0, 1} n → {0, 1}, such that for any affine-δ-source 3 X we have f4(X) = {0, 1}. The constructions are quite involved and use as building blocks other new and known gadgets. But we can point out two important themes which recur in these constructions. One is that gadgets which were designed to work with independent inputs, sometimes perform well enough with correlated, high entropy inputs. The second is using the input to (introspectively) find high entropy regions within itself.
The gut microbiota modulates brain network connectivity under physiological conditions and after acute brain ischemia (2021)

The gut microbiome has been implicated as a key regulator of brain function in health and disease. But the impact of gut microbiota on functional brain connectivity is unknown. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in germ-free and normally colonized mice under naive conditions and after ischemic stroke. We observed a strong, brain-wide increase of functional connectivity in germ-free animals. Graph theoretical analysis revealed significant higher values in germ-free animals, indicating a stronger and denser global network but with less structural organization. Breakdown of network function after stroke equally affected germ-free and colonized mice. Results from histological analyses showed changes in dendritic spine densities, as well as an immature microglial phenotype, indicating impaired microglia-neuron interaction in germ-free mice as potential cause of this phenomenon. These results demonstrate the substantial impact of bacterial colonization on brain-wide function and extend our so far mainly (sub) cellular understanding of the gut-brain axis.
Role of coronary angiography for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors according to postreturn of spontaneous circulation on an electrocardiogram (2017)

Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have high mortality and morbidity. An acute coronary event is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death. For this reason, coronary angiography is an important diagnostic and treatment strategy for patients with postcardiac arrest. This study aimed to identify the correlation between postreturn of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) on an electrocardiogram (ECG) and results of coronary angiography of OHCA survivors.We collected data from our OHCA registry from January 2010 to November 2014. We categorized OHCA survivors into 2 groups according to post-ROSC ECG results. Emergent coronary artery angiography (CAG) (CAG performed within 12 hours after cardiac arrest) was performed in patients who showed ST segment elevation or new onset of left bundle branch block (LBBB) in post-ROSC ECG. For other patients, the decision for performing CAG was made according to agreement between the emergency physician and the cardiologist.During the study period, 472 OHCA victims visited our emergency department and underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Among 198 OHCA survivors, 82 patients underwent coronary artery intervention. Thirty-one (70.4%) patients in the ST segment elevation or LBBB group and 10 (24.4%) patients in the nonspecific ECG group had coronary artery lesions (P < .01). Seven (18.4%) patients in the nonspecific ECG group showed coronary spasm.OHCA survivors without ST segment elevation or new onset LBBB still have significant coronary lesions in CAG. If there is no other obvious arrest cause in patients without significant changes in post ROSC ECG, CAG should be considered to rule out the possibility of coronary artery problems, including coronary spasm.
Depletion of endogenous tumor-associated regulatory T cells improves the efficacy of adoptive cytotoxic T-cell immunotherapy in murine acute myeloid leukemia (2009)

Tumor-induced immune suppression can permit tumor cells to escape host immune resistance. To elucidate host factors contributing to the poor response of adoptively transferred tumor-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), we used a systemic model of murine acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML progression resulted in a progressive regulatory T-cell (Treg) accumulation in disease sites. The adoptive transfer of in vitro-generated, potently lytic anti-AML-reactive CTLs failed to reduce disease burden or extend survival. Compared with non-AML-bearing hosts, transferred CTLs had reduced proliferation in AML sites of metastases. Treg depletion by a brief course of interleukin-2 diphtheria toxin (IL-2DT) transiently reduced AML disease burden but did not permit long-term survival. In contrast, IL-2DT prevented anti-AML CTL hypoproliferation, increased the number of transferred CTLs at AML disease sites, reduced AML tumor burden, and resulted in long-term survivors that sustained an anti-AML memory response. These data demonstrated that Tregs present at AML disease sites suppress adoptively transferred CTL proliferation, limiting their in vivo expansion, and Treg depletion before CTL transfer can result in therapeutic efficacy in settings of substantial pre-existing tumor burden in which antitumor reactive CTL infusion alone has proven ineffective.
Numerical Analysis of Supersonic Flows in UCS Using Motionless Viewing Window Technique (2010)

Abstract: A fundamental topic in computational fluid dynamics is the role of coordinate particularly for searching optimized coordinates. The objective of this study is the numerical modeling of supersonic flows using a new coordinate system i.e. Unified Coordinate System (UCS) uses moving mesh with motionless viewing window technique. UCS has an advantage over traditional coordinate systems (Eulerian and Lagrangian) in supersonic flows especially in discontinuous regions (shocks and expansions). Moreover most of the difficulties of the traditional coordinate system may be removed by using UCS. Unified coordinate system benefits from both the eulerian and lagrangian systems. This is why a unified coordinate system as an optimization system is introduced. The researchers briefly review how to apply boundary conditions, how to calculate fluxes and strang dimensional splitting. The researchers also explain the Riemann problem which is the basic step to solve the equations in this coordinate and integrated system forms. In this article the researchers use new numerical method that has more advantages than other numerical methods such as slip line and shock resolution and low numerical dissipation. The important fact is that in using the UCS, there is no need to generate a body-fitted mesh prior to computing flow past a body; the mesh is automatically generated by the flow. These can be seen in the numerical results and comparing with exact solutions and also in quick numerical computations.
Generative Migration of Agents (2002)

Agents, and in particular mobile agents, offer a means for application developers to build distributed applications. Given homogeneity of agent platform and code base, agent migration is possible. However, many agent platforms exist, differing
Dynamic Geometric Compensation for Gantry Stage using Iterative Learning Control (2006)

In this paper, iterative learning control (ILC) is used to improve the tracking accuracy of the precision motion system using a dual-axis high-grade analog optical encoder as a reference to calibrate and model the dynamic geometrical errors. This proposed approach is able to compensate for given trajectory set. Experimental and simulation results are provided to highlight the principles and practical applicability of the proposed method resulting from such an approach. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is a first attempt on dynamic geometric compensation
THz Pulses from the Creation of Polarized Electron-Hole Pairs in Biased Quantum Wells (1992)

The generation of THz pulses on the surface of semiconductors has long been believed to be caused by transient transport currents parallel to the surface depletion field of the material after excitation with an ultrashort laser pulse. [1] Recently, an additional explanation of those experiments was given, in which optical transitions in the depletion field create electrons and holes in states where they are already polarized. [2] This creates a polarization P that grows with the integrated pulse energy, and hence radiates an electrical transient according to E~ ∂ 2 P/ ∂ t 2 . The final proof of the importance of this process however, can only be given in a sample where transport current is inhibited !
Manganese Detoxification by MntE Is Critical for Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus (2019)

Manganese (Mn) is generally viewed as a critical nutrient that is beneficial to pathogenic bacteria due to its function as an enzymatic cofactor and its capability of acting as an antioxidant; yet paradoxically, high concentrations of this transition metal can be toxic. In this work, we demonstrate Staphylococcus aureus utilizes the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family protein MntE to alleviate Mn toxicity through efflux of excess Mn. Inactivation of mntE leads to a significant reduction in S. aureus resistance to oxidative stress and S. aureus - mediated mortality within a mouse model of systemic infection. These results highlight the importance of MntE-mediated Mn detoxification in intracellular Mn homeostasis, resistance to oxidative stress, and S. aureus virulence. Therefore, this establishes MntE as a potential target for development of anti- S. aureus therapeutics.
Lasmiditan for Patients with Migraine and Contraindications to Triptans: A Post Hoc Analysis (2022)

SAMURAI, NCT:02439320; SPARTAN, NCT:02605174; CENTURION, NCT:03670810; and MONONOFU, NCT:03962738.
Nonlinear plasma resonance in inhomogeneous relativistic plasma (2016)

We present a theoretical study of relativistic electron plasma oscillations in the plasma resonance region based on the renormalization group symmetry method. A steady-state solution to equations describing the electron dynamics in the vicinity of the plasma resonance is found and spatial-temporal and spectral characteristics of the potential electric field are discussed.
Curve fitting analysis of near-edge core excitation spectra of free, adsorbed, and polymeric molecules (1988)

The quantitative analysis of the near-edge region of K-shell excitation spectra of free, chemisorbed, condensed, and polymeric molecules is undertaken using curve fitting procedures. The deconvolution of both x-ray absorption (NEXAFS) and electron impact near-edge excitation spectra is considered. Among the topics discussed are the line shape of resonances in the near-edge region, the line shape of the continuum steps, physical interpretations for the line shapes, and parameters describing core excitation spectral features, and background corrections for NEXAFS spectra. The goal of the work is to establish systematic procedures for analyzing near-edge spectra which allow peak positions to be consistently determined, and enable peak areas to be reliably obtained so that, e.g., the orientation of molecules can be determined from NEXAFS spectra. A more quantitative understanding of the features in near-edge spectra will also aid development of an understanding of the physical events underlying a near-edge spectrum.
Detection of Taenia saginata antigens in faeces by ELISA. (1996)

Stool samples were examined by capture ELISA for the presence of T. saginata antigens. The specimens were from 303 patients infected with T. saginata, 43 samples from individuals suffering from bacterial, fungal, protozoan and nematode infections and 36 ones deriving from uninfected persons. The samples were diluted 1:10 (w:v) in PBS + 0.35% Tween 20, centrifuged twice at 5000 g for 20 min at room temperature and resulting supernatant at 12,000 g for 30 min at 0 degree C. The capturing and detecting polyclonal antibodies were prepared in rabbits immunizing them with T. saginata surface antigens. The stool samples freshly obtained, stored at 4 degrees C not longer than 72 h, or kept at at -20 to -30 degrees C even for 24 months showed reliable results in ELISA. The samples kept for a long time at 4 degrees C, dried and covered with moult were negative in the test. All samples taken from patients infected with other than T. saginata parasites or uninfeced were negative.
Field evaluation of vaporised ethyl formate and carbon dioxide for fumigation of stored wheat (2009)

Dynamic application of vaporised ethyl formate and CO(2) to 50 t silos proved safe to operators and rapidly effective against stored-grain insects on cold to warm grain.
Accelerated crystallization of colloidal glass by mechanical oscillation (2017)

Crystallization of a hard-sphere colloidal glass by mechanical oscillation is investigated, and accelerated crystallization is found at a specific frequency. The crystallization frequency increases as attractive force between particles increases, indicating that interparticle interaction affects the crystallization frequency. Time scale of the mechanical oscillation is different from that of the slow relaxation, and notable relationship with the low-frequency mode is not observed. The experimental results are not explained by the previously proposed model for crystallization by oscillatory shear. Conversely, we speculate that activations of the fast relaxation and particle motion in crystal-like clusters are possible causes of the observations.
Central mucoepidermoid tumors of the mandible (1963)

s of the Literature: International Abstracts of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: New Growth: PDF Only
A mathematical model for mechanical activation and compound action potential generation by the utricle in response to sound and vibration (2023)

Results demonstrate the switch from linear acceleration to linear jerk as the adequate stimulus arises entirely from mechanical factors controlling the dynamics of sensory hair bundle deflection. The model describes the switch in terms of the mechanical natural frequencies of vibration, which vary between species based on morphology and mechanical factors.
경찰공무원의 역할과 업무환경이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 대한 조직공정성의 매개효과 - 수사과와 비수사과의 다중집단분석 (Multi-Group Analysis)을 중심으로- (2012)

본 연구는 경찰공무원을 대상으로 경찰역할과 업무환경이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향은 담당하는 업무의 특성에 따라 수사업무를 전담하는 수사·형사과와 지원업무를 담당하는 경무과 직원에 따라서 차이를 보이는데 있어서 조직공정성의 매개효과가 유의한지를 다중집단분석을 통하여 검증하였다. 연구방법은 선행연구들을 고찰하여 이론적 근거와 가설들을 제시하는 문헌연구와 경찰공무원들을 대상으로 하여 경찰역할을 법집행, 서비스제공, 질서유지로, 업무환경을 업무요인, 조직분위기, 책임성으로 선정하여 조직몰입에 정서적몰입, 지속적몰입, 규범적몰입으로 구분하였고 이에 대한 매개 변수로 조직공정성을 배분공정성, 절차공정성, 상호작용공정성으로 선정하였으며, 분석방법으로는 수사과와 비수사과라는 비메트릭 변수의 매개된 조절효과를 검증하기 다중집단분석을 통해 □차이검증에 의한 방법과 모수차이의 검증에 의한 두 가지 방법을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 경찰공무원의 역할과 조직몰입만에 있어서 수사과와 비수사과에 따라 차이를 보였고, 이에 조직공정성의 매개효과가 나타났다. 따라서 경찰역할에 대한 명확한 제시와 인식교육을 통해 조직에 대한 애착심, 소속감, 충성심 등이 작용하여 경찰조직 운영에 효율성이 높아지기를 기대한다.
Whole-Genome Sequencing for Routine Pathogen Surveillance in Public Health: a Population Snapshot of Invasive Staphylococcus aureus in Europe (2016)

The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a public health emergency of global concern, threatening medical intervention at every level of health care delivery. Several recent studies have demonstrated the promise of routine whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of bacterial pathogens for epidemiological surveillance, outbreak detection, and infection control. However, as this technology becomes more widely adopted, the key challenges of generating representative national and international data sets and the development of bioinformatic tools to manage and interpret the data become increasingly pertinent. This study provides a road map for the integration of WGS data into routine pathogen surveillance. We emphasize the importance of large-scale routine surveys to provide the population context for more targeted or localized investigation and the development of open-access bioinformatic tools to provide the means to combine and compare independently generated data with publicly available data sets.
Adaptation in der Myofibrille (2004)

Muskelkater – wodurch entsteht er? Muskelschaden oder Remodellierungsprozess der Myofibrillen? Und wie kann man ihn behandeln? Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt diskutieren Pathogenese und Therapie. Wilhelm E. Kraft hat für physiopraxis die aktuelle Literatur recherchiert und die Studienergebnisse auf den Punkt gebracht.
Simulation of Acoustic Noise Generated by an Airbreathing, Beam-Powered Launch Vehicle (2005)

A simple acoustic model is developed for predicting the noise signature vs. power level for advanced laser‐propelled lightcraft — capable of single‐stage flights into low Earth orbit. This model predicts the noise levels generated by a pulsed detonation engine (PDE) during the initial lift‐off and acceleration phase, for two representative ‘tractor‐beam’ lightcraft designs: a 1‐place ‘Mercury’ vehicle (2.5‐m diameter, 900‐kg); and a larger 5‐place ‘Apollo’ vehicle (5‐m diameter, 5555‐kg) — both the subject of an earlier study. The use of digital techniques to simulate the expected PDE noise signature is discussed, and three examples of fly‐by noise signatures are presented. The reduction, or complete elimination of perceptible noise from such engines, can be accomplished by shifting the pulse frequency into the supra‐audible or sub‐audible range.
Effect of histidine-containing dipeptides on isolated heart under ischemia/reperfusion. (1997)

The protective effects of carnosine and related compounds on isolated rat heart were studied under experimental ischemia. The ability of carnosine to suppress significantly the development of ischemic reperfusion contracture and to support the restoration of the contractile force during reperfusion were shown. At the same time, a decrease of myoglobin and nucleoside release from myocytes was observed, this indicating a membrane-protecting effect of carnosine. Methylation of carnosine at the N1 or N3 atom of the imidazole ring significantly decreased the protective effect; the substitution of beta-alanine with gamma-aminobutyric acid (resulting in formation of homocarnosine) actually augmented ischemic damage to the heart. Acetylation of carnosine at the beta-amino group amplified the membrane-protecting properties of the molecule, the acetylated derivative of carnosine also showing the ability to induce contractile activity of the ischemic heart. Histidine alone or in combination with beta-alanine and sodium acetate had no effect, while acetylhistidine showed a significant protective effect during reperfusion. The comparison of the effects of natural histidine-containing dipeptides versus synthetic antioxidants indicates that the anti-ischemic effect of carnosine and acetylcarnosine involves antiradical and membrane-protecting mechanisms; nevertheless, the effect cannot be reduced to these mechanisms alone. The observed phenomena of heart muscle protection by acetylated derivatives of carnosine and anserine under ischemia correlates with the preferential localization of these compounds in high quantities in the myocardium.
Numerical Study of Mold Filling Dynamics in “Cold-Box” Sand Coremaking Process (2001)

Abstract In this paper we present the results of the numerical simulations of sand core shooting process using the CFD package FLOW-3D. The simulations are based on a two-fluid flow approach. The computation results are compared to experimental data obtained earlier.
Streptococcal Antagonism in Oral Biofilms:Streptococcus sanguinisandStreptococcus gordoniiInterference withStreptococcus mutans (2008)

Biofilms are polymicrobial, with diverse bacterial species competing for limited space and nutrients. Under healthy conditions, the different species in biofilms maintain an ecological balance. This balance can be disturbed by environmental factors and interspecies interactions. These perturbations can enable dominant growth of certain species, leading to disease. To model clinically relevant interspecies antagonism, we studied three well-characterized and closely related oral species, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus sanguinis, and cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. S. sanguinis and S. gordonii used oxygen availability and the differential production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to compete effectively against S. mutans. Interspecies antagonism was influenced by glucose with reduced production of H(2)O(2). Furthermore, aerobic conditions stimulated the competence system and the expression of the bacteriocin mutacin IV of S. mutans, as well as the H(2)O(2)-dependent release of heterologous DNA from mixed cultures of S. sanguinis and S. gordonii. These data provide new insights into ecological factors that determine the outcome of competition between pioneer colonizing oral streptococci and the survival mechanisms of S. mutans in the oral biofilm.