gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Analogues of the Bacterial Signal (Quorum Sensing) Molecule N-(3-Oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine Lactone as Immune Modulators (2002)

Comparative immune modulatory activity for a range of synthetic analogues of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa signal molecule, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3O, C(12)-HSL), is described. Twenty-four single or combination systematic alterations of the structural components of 3O, C(12)-HSL were introduced as described. Given the already defined immunological profile of the parent compound, 3O, C(12)-HSL, these compounds were assayed for their ability to inhibit murine and human leucocyte proliferation and TNF-alpha secretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated human leucocytes in order to provide an initial structure-activity profile. From IC(50) values obtained with a murine splenocyte proliferation assay, it is apparent that acylated l-homoserine lactones with an 11-13 C side chain containing either a 3-oxo or a 3-hydroxy group are optimal structures for immune suppressive activity. These derivatives of 3O, C(12)-HSL with monounsaturation and/or a terminal nonpolar substituent on the side chain were also potent immune suppressive agents. However, structures lacking the homoserine lactone ring, structures lacking the l-configuration at the chiral center, and those with polar substituents were essentially devoid of activity. The ability of compounds selected from the optimal activity range to modulate mitogen-driven human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation and LPS-induced TNF-alpha secretion indicates the suitability of these compounds for further investigation in relation to their molecular mechanisms of action in TNF-alpha driven immunological diseases, particularly autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 (autoimmune) diabetes.
Combined effect of glucose and verapamil in experimental cardioplegia. (1986)

In this study, we determined whether pre-ischemic enhancement of the ATP level and the addition of verapamil (a calcium blocker) to the cardioplegic solution could improve myocardial protection during cardiac arrest. Using the Langendorff preparation of the isolated rat heart plus different cardioplegic solutions, five groups of normal rat hearts and five groups of hypertrophied rat hearts were subjected to 90-minute ischemic periods at 28 degrees +/- 1 and reperfusion of 30 minutes at 37 degrees C. Group A received no cardioplegic solution; Group B received KCl, 30 mEq/L; Group C received type B perfusion with verapamil; and Group D received 15 minutes of pre-ischemic oxygenated enhancement perfusion containing KCl, 30 mEq/L, and glucose as substrate at 37 degrees C. Group E received the same perfusion as Group D, with the addition of verapamil to the enhancement perfusion. Light and E/M microscopy was performed on representative samples of left ventricular muscle. We found that pre-ischemic enhancement with KCl, glucose, and verapamil was only protective in the normal hearts after 90 minutes of ischemia. In hypertrophied hearts, the addition of verapamil to the enhancement solution was harmful. The use of pre-ischemic enhancement solution without verapamil provided the best myocardial protection after 90 minutes of ischemia in the hypertrophied hearts.
Acid Promoted Direct Cross-Coupling of Methyl Ketones with Dimethyl Sulfoxide: Access to Ketoallyl Methylsulfides and -sulfones (2017)

A new strategy to prepare β-acyl allylic methylsulfides and -sulfones through acid promoted direct cross-coupling of methyl ketones with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is reported. The reaction proceeded through the nucleophilic attack of enamine intermidiates derived from ketones to in situ generated thionium ion species, followed by elimination of methanthiol to give ketoallylic methylsulfides. With the prolonged reaction time, such products could be further reacted with a methyl sulfonyl radical, which might be generated from a methylthiosulfonate species, to afford ketoallylic methylsulfones in high yields. Molecular transformations of the allylic methylsulfides were also demonstrated.
Metabolism of Arginine and Ornithine in the Cow and Rabbit Mammary Tissue (1975)

Amino acid uptake by the bovine mammary gland was determined by arteriovenous difference. Extraction of arginine from the plasma by the lactating bovine mammary gland was in excess of requirements for milk protein synthesis. Ornithine and citrulline also were extracted by the gland but are not in milk protein. Incubations of slices of lactating mammary tissue from cows and rabbits indicate that nonessential amino acids, especially proline and glutamate, are the major end products of arginine and ornithine metabolism in the lactating mammary gland.
Acute Chemical Emergencies (2004)

Acute chemical emergencies can occur as a result of an industrial accident, occupational exposure, a natural disaster, or an act of terrorism. This article reviews empirical principles for rapid recognition and treatment of the clinical syndromes, or toxidromes, caused by asphyxiants, cholinesterase inhibitors, respiratory irritants, and blistering agents. Treatment should be provided as soon as possible after an acute chemical exposure, usually before laboratory tests can confirm the specific chemicals involved.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient High Yield Room Temperature Synthesis of Mixed Tri(amino) silanes by Transamination of Tris(dicyclohexylamino)silane and Their Characterization. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Removal of redundancy in combinational circuits under classification of undetectable faults (1993)

Abstract This paper proposes a method for efficiently removing redundant elements using properties of undetectable faults obtained by test pattern generation. Lines of redundant elements have undetectable single stuck‐at faults. We classify undetectable faults into three categories according to the test pattern generation process, and then assume that some redundant elements can be removed concurrently. Our method produces a nonredundant circuit efficiently by using these properties and generates test patterns with high fault coverage. Some experimental results for ISCAS '85 benchmark circuits are also shown.
Flame Fusion Growth of C-Type Rare-Earth Oxides (1962)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. A. Lefever; Flame Fusion Growth of C‐Type Rare‐Earth Oxides. Rev Sci Instrum 1 December 1962; 33 (12): 1470–1471. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1717812 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Altération d’un verre nucléaire borosilicaté en eau cimentaire : effets antagonistes du calcium (2013)

Dans le contexte du stockage des déchets radioactifs en couche géologique profonde, les colis de déchets vitrifiés de moyenne activité à vie longue (MA-VL) pourraient être placés dans un environnement saturé à long terme par des solutions correspondantes à différents stades de dégradation du ciment. L’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre quels sont les mécanismes et cinétiques d’altération du verre dans un tel environnement. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence des interactions spécifiques silicium-calcium et suggèrent l’existence de deux mécanismes antagonistes à pH basique qui contrôleraient la durabilité du verre selon le progrès de la réaction et la concentration en calcium.
Terrestrial Planet Finder coronagraph status and enabling technologies (2004)

The goal of the Terrestrial Planet Finder Project Mission is to find life-bearing planets around nearby stars. Two types of instruments are competing for flight in 2015: a visible coronagraph and an infrared interferometer.
Introduction (2001)

Many nations are currently exhibiting states of unease. In the European Old World, to recoin a phrase whose currency, quite literally, is in the process of being revolutionised, states are said to be suffering from recurring crises as the boundaries of identity — personal, national and global — are radically transformed. Yet, in New World societies, these upheavals have added twists, only partly attributable to the changing relations between conceptually dubious elderly and youthful nation-states.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND INTERCONVERSIONS OF DINUCLEAR IRON COMPLEXES WITH μ‐METHYL, μ‐METHYLENE, AND μ‐METHYLIDYNE LIGANDS (1982)

Abstract Durch Reaktion von THF‐Lösungen der Komplexe (I) und (II) erhält man eine 1:2.l‐Mischung aus (III) und dem methylenverbrückten Komplex (IV) (über 20% Reinausb.) als 3.4: 1‐cis:trans‐Gemisch, das chromatographisch getrennt wurde.
Microscopie de photoïonisation (2002)

Nous presentons les premiers resultats experimentaux obtenus en microscopie de photoionisation. Les electrons issus d'un processus d'ionisation du xenon au seuil en champ electrique sont detectes par imagerie. Les interferences entre les differentes trajectoires conduisant l'election de la source jusqu'au point d'impact sur le detecteur sont observees grâce a l'amelioration de notre spectrometre qui inclut une lentille electrostatique de grandissement. L'interferogramme observe represente la composante transverse de la fonction d'onde electronique. La structure d'interferenoes evolue regulierement avec l'energie ce qui indique que la contribution dominante est celle du continuum, les resonances Stark contribuant seulement a une modulation de cette structure.
Optimizing water permeability through the hourglass shape of aquaporins (2013)

The ubiquitous aquaporin channels are able to conduct water across cell membranes, combining the seemingly antagonist functions of a very high selectivity with a remarkable permeability. Whereas molecular details are obvious keys to perform these tasks, the overall efficiency of transport in such nanopores is also strongly limited by viscous dissipation arising at the connection between the nanoconstriction and the nearby bulk reservoirs. In this contribution, we focus on these so-called entrance effects and specifically examine whether the characteristic hourglass shape of aquaporins may arise from a geometrical optimum for such hydrodynamic dissipation. Using a combination of finite-element calculations and analytical modeling, we show that conical entrances with suitable opening angle can indeed provide a large increase of the overall channel permeability. Moreover, the optimal opening angles that maximize the permeability are found to compare well with the angles measured in a large variety of aquaporins. This suggests that the hourglass shape of aquaporins could be the result of a natural selection process toward optimal hydrodynamic transport. Finally, in a biomimetic perspective, these results provide guidelines to design artificial nanopores with optimal performances.
Immunogenicity of Various Beta-Lactam Antibiotic-Protein Conjugates and Cross-Reactivity of the Antibodies Produced in Guinea Pig (1993)

Immunogenic properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates of various beta-lactam antibiotics (ABs) and cross-reactivity of the produced antibodies were investigated in guinea pigs. Each AB-BSA conjugate was immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant. Following the second injection, AB-specific antibodies were detected with high titers. Produced antibodies showed concentration-dependent inhibition by the corresponding AB. Cross-reactivity between the produced antibodies and ABs was evaluated with two methods, i.e. by testing for reactivity with the various AB-ovalbumin conjugates, and by assaying for inhibition of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by the various ABs. The latter method could detect minor cross-reactions more sensitively than the former one. The results suggested that similarity of the acyl side chain of a cephalosporin nucleus or a penicillin nucleus contributes to immunological cross-reactivity.
Combining Technical and Financial Impacts for Countermeasure Selection (2014)

Research in information security has generally focused on providing a comprehensive interpretation of threats, vulnerabilities, and attacks, in particular to evaluate their danger and prioritize responses accordingly. Most of the current approaches propose advanced techniques to detect intrusions and complex attacks but few of these approaches propose well defined methodologies to react against a given attack. In this paper, we propose a novel and systematic method to select security countermeasures from a pool of candidates, by ranking them based on the technical and financial impact associated to each alternative. The method includes industrial evaluation and simulations of the impact associated to a given security measure which allows to compute the return on response investment for different candidates. A simple case study is proposed at the end of the paper to show the applicability of the model.
<title>Optical turbulence effects on focused laser beams: new results</title> (1994)

We describe recent results explaining the behavior of optical turbulence effects on the propagation of initially convergent (focused) laser beams. First we discuss the diffractive characteristics of an initially convergent Gaussian beam based on the geometric properties of the diffractive beam parameters. Some behaviors previously attributed to optical turbulence effects can instead be explained by the diffractive nature of the beam itself. We give expressions for the location and size of the beam waist, maximum possible distance from the transmitter to the beam waist, and the optical radius of curvature for focusing in turbulence. Laser, we present turbulent beam parameters consistent with our previously defined diffractive beam parameters.
Prediction from Blog Data (2008)

We have approximately one year’s worth of blog posts from [1] with over 12 million web blogs tracked. On average there are 500 thousand blog posts per day. In this project, we are attempting to extract from the blog data the set of
BSE infection of the small short-lived primate Microcebus murinus (2002)

Eleven Microcebus murinus (lemur) primates were intracerebrally or orally infected by bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or macaque-adapted BSE (MBSE) brain homogenates. In many BSE and MBSE infected lemurs, but not in animals inoculated with normal bovine brain, persistent behavioral changes occurred as early as 3 months, and neurological signs as early as 13 months after infection. Immunohistochemical examination of animals sacrificed during the incubation period revealed an abnormal accumulation of 'prion' protein (PrP) in the intestinal wall, intestinal nervous plexus, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen, and in the clinical stage, also in the brain. In MBSE-inoculated animals, proteinase K resistance of the PrP (PrPres) was confirmed by Western blot in the spleen and the brain. Obvious signs of neurodegeneration were observed in all infected animals characterized by hyperaggregated and paired-helical filaments-immunoreactive Tau proteins, beta 42-amyloid plaques and astrogliosis. Additionally, PrPres was present in the ganglion cells of the retina in diseased animals after either intracerebrally or oral infection by the BSE or MBSE agent. These results show that the microcebe is susceptible to the BSE infectious agent via intracerebral and oral routes with comparatively short incubation periods compared to simians, and could be a useful animal model to study the pathophysiology of disease transmission in primates.
Acoustic and prosodic correlates of social behavior (2011)

We describe acoustic/prosodic and lexical correlates of social variables annotated on a large corpus of task-oriented spontaneous speech.We employ Amazon Mechanical Turk to label the corpus with a large number of social behaviors, examining results of three of these here.We find significant differences between male and female speakers for perceptions of attempts to be liked, likeability, speech planning, that also differ depending upon the gender of their conversational partners.
Comparison problems for experiments with curve responses (1996)

We consider the problem of comparing treatment effects among two or more groups when the responses of the individuals within groups can be modeled as curves.The curves considered in this study are monotone and the principal application will be to growth curves.The method of analysis involves defining a functional of the curves, then applying standard (possibly robust) one-way ANOVA methods to its values.The functional represents a "generalized" rate of change for the curves.Specifically, the functional values are the slopes of leastsquares fitted lines after the curves have been mutually straightened by a power transformation.Thus, in the case of growth curves, the groups are distinguished on the basis of group differences in growth rates.The index of the power transformation is also fitted to the data.Consequently, the small sample properties of the procedure are examined using Monte Carlo simulation.
Non-uniform sampling of similar NMR spectra and its application to studies of the interaction between alpha-synuclein and liposomes (2023)

The accelerated acquisition of multidimensional NMR spectra using sparse non-uniform sampling (NUS) has been widely adopted in recent years. The key concept in NUS is that a major part of the data is omitted during measurement, and then reconstructed using, for example, compressed sensing (CS) methods. CS requires spectra to be compressible, that is, they should contain relatively few "significant" points. The more compressible the spectrum, the fewer experimental NUS points needed in order for it to be accurately reconstructed. In this paper we show that the CS processing of similar spectra can be enhanced by reconstructing only the differences between them. Accurate reconstruction can be obtained at lower sampling levels as the difference is sparser than the spectrum itself. In many situations this method is superior to "conventional" compressed sensing. We exemplify the concept of "difference CS" with one such case-the study of alpha-synuclein binding to liposomes and its dependence on temperature. To obtain information on temperature-dependent transitions between different states, we need to acquire several dozen spectra at various temperatures, with and without the presence of liposomes. Our detailed investigation reveals that changes in the binding modes of the alpha-synuclein ensemble are not only temperature-dependent but also show non-linear behavior in their transitions. Our proposed CS processing approach dramatically reduces the number of NUS points required and thus significantly shortens the experimental time.
DEVELOPMENT OF FIBER OPTIC DYNAMIC WEIGH-IN-MOTION SYSTEMS (1997)

Flexible fiber optic sensors were successfully deployed in both flexible and rigid pavements subjected to heavy truck traffic. Vehicles were classified and weighed in both pavement types. The sensors, manufactured in any desirable lengths are about 0.25 in. (7 mm) wide by 0.0625 in. (1.7 mm) thick. For vehicle classification and weigh-in-motion (WIM), sensors are typically constructed 6 to 7 ft (1.8 to 2.1 m) long. These sensors were epoxied into pavement grooves, covered with a flexible filler material and the leads were connected to a specially designed optical-electronic box. The optical-electronic interface contains light emitting diodes that focus the light into the core of the optical fiber and photodetection equipment that converts light intensity to voltage. Voltage can then be used either for WIM or vehicle classification. Sharp, clear signals were obtained using the system developed. They show changes in light intensity for each single or dual tire assembly that passes over the sensor. The intensity changes vary according to the load on the tire and the vehicle speed. The fiber-optic system can be manufactured for costs comparable to piezoelectric sensor systems. It is noncorrosive and unaffected by power surges. Laboratory tests were developed to categorize the engineering behavior of the sensors and the materials used in sensor construction. Field tests were also conducted and results are reported.
Autonomy and operational concept for self-removal of spacecraft: Status detection, removal triggering and passivation (2019)

The growing population of space debris is posing a threat to future spacecraft in Earth orbit. The technology for self-removal of spacecraft, TeSeR, is an innovative project of eleven European partners coordinated by Airbus Defense & Space within the HORIZON2020 framework of the European Commission with the goal to develop a removal module that can be carried into orbit by future spacecraft of any size and mass into any orbit, interconnected only by a standardized interface. At early 2019, a prototype shall already have demonstrated the main functions on ground. This paper introduces the mission and operational concept as well as the functional architecture and presents the autonomy considerations for the design of the overall post-mission disposal module focusing on three areas: the status detection of the host spacecraft by the developed post-mission disposal module, the removal triggering by the post-mission disposal module in case of lost link to ground station and malfunctioning host spacecraft as well as the passivation options of the host spacecraft and the post-mission disposal module itself.
Five Easy Metrics of Data Quality for LC–MS-Based Global Metabolomics (2020)

Data quality in global metabolomics is of great importance for biomarker discovery and system biology studies. However, comprehensive metrics and methods to evaluate and compare the data quality of global metabolomics data sets are lacking. In this work, we combine newly developed metrics, along with well-known measures, to comprehensively and quantitatively characterize the data quality across two similar liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platforms, with the goal of providing an efficient and improved ability to evaluate the data quality in global metabolite profiling experiments. A pooled human serum sample was run 50 times on two high-resolution LC-QTOF-MS platforms to provide profile and centroid MS data. These data were processed using Progenesis QI software and then analyzed using five important data quality measures, including retention time drift, the number of compounds detected, missing values, and MS reproducibility (2 measures). The detected compounds were fit to a γ distribution versus compound abundance, which was normalized to allow comparison of different platforms. To evaluate missing values, characteristic curves were obtained by plotting the compound detection percentage versus extraction frequency. To characterize reproducibility, the accumulative coefficient of variation (CV) versus the percentage of total compounds detected and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) versus compound abundance were investigated. Key findings include significantly better performance using profile mode data compared to centroid mode as well quantitatively better performance from the newer, higher resolution instrument. A summary table of results gives a snapshot of the experimental results and provides a template to evaluate the global metabolite profiling workflow. In total, these measures give a good overall view of data quality in global profiling and allow comparisons of data acquisition strategies and platforms as well as optimization of parameters.