gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential importance of MHC mimicry by HIV in the pathogenesis of AIDS (1995)

Conference Article| August 01 1995 The potential importance of MHC mimicry by HIV in the pathogenesis of AIDS Jehangir Sheikh; Jehangir Sheikh 1Divisions of Oncology & Surgery, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Joseph Ongradi; Joseph Ongradi 1Divisions of Oncology & Surgery, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Brian Austen; Brian Austen 1Divisions of Oncology & Surgery, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Angus Dalgleish Angus Dalgleish 1Divisions of Oncology & Surgery, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1995) 23 (3): 471S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023471s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Jehangir Sheikh, Joseph Ongradi, Brian Austen, Angus Dalgleish; The potential importance of MHC mimicry by HIV in the pathogenesis of AIDS. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1995; 23 (3): 471S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst023471s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Biochemical Society1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Separation of azeotropic mixtures : tools for analysis and studies on batch distillation operation (2000)

Separation of azeotropic mixtures is a topic of great practical and industrial interest. Most liquid mixtures of organic components form nonideal systems. The presence of some specific groups, particularly polar groups (oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine and fluorine), often results in the formation of azeotropes. Azeotropic mixtures may often be effectively separated by distillation by adding a liquid material (entrainer) to the system.\n\nFor the development of separation processes for azeotropic mixtures, there is a need for insight into the fundamental phenomena of nonideal and azeotropic phase equilibria. This thesis includes a detailed survey on azeotropic phase equilibriumdiagrams of ernarymixtures. Diagram analysis is shown to be an efficient tool for prediction of feasible separations. As a simplifying concept it is proposed that all feasible structures of ternary azeotropic phase equilibrium diagrams can be qualitatively represented by a few elementary cells of which only four have so far been reported to exist. This greatly reduces the complexity of azeotropic istillation analysis and is a key to a simple evaluation of the possibilities and limitations of azeotropic mixtures separation.\n\nInsights gained from continuous azeotropic distillation is extended to the operation of batch distillation with focus on the dynamics and control of multivessel and extractive batch distillation as processes for separating azeotropic mixtures. Practical implications of this renewed insight for the fine- and specialty chemical industries are given in the concluding pages of the thesis.
Multi-material 3D printing-enabled multilayers for smart actuationviamagnetic and thermal stimuli (2022)

Transitional compositions or phase-changing structures in specific layers can respond to environmental changes differently and show intelligent behaviors.
Laser engraving in gravure industry (2005)

Digital imaging methods like Computer to Plate (CTP) solutions are progressive technologies to improve the quality and efficiency of prepress and printing workflows. In this environment the application of lasers for print form fabrication plays an increasingly important role because of the high machining rate, the high spatial resolution, the achievable high energy densities by fine focusing and the ability of digital modulation. This paper gives an overview of our laser based processes in flexography and gravure with a focus on the precise micro structuring of gravure print forms by direct laser ablation. Direct laser engraving into metallic cylinders is performed with a high power Q-switched Nd:YAG laser system at 70 kHz repetition rate tuned for high reproducibility and stability of the mean pulse energy (&#963;<sup>2</sup> < 0.8%). An exact modulation technique allows fast variation and precise calibration of the energy of each single laser pulse as well as active modulation of the intensity profile of the beam. This method permits to engrave with each single laser pulse a complete cell and to define diameter and depth of each cell (the aspect ratio and the cell shape) independently and freely from pulse to pulse at a rate of 70 kHz, controlled by digital image data. Thus the cell shape can be optimized for the best ink transfer characteristic on different print substrates. Future developments in gravure industry and the requirements on fiber lasers and ultra short pulse lasers for an efficient industrial engraving process of print cylinders are discussed.
Relation between local composition, chemical environment and phase shift behavior in Cr-based oxycarbonitride thin films (2001)

Author: Smith, J. R. et al.; Genre: Conference Paper; Issued: 2001; Keywords: MPI für Metallforschung; Abt. Mittemeijer; ; Title: Relation between local composition, chemical environment and phase shift behavior in Cr-based oxycarbonitride thin films
Struvite Production from Dairy Processing Waste (2022)

Food security depends on sustainable phosphorus (P) fertilisers, which at present are mostly supplied from a finite rock phosphate source. Phosphate (PO43−) and ammonium (NH4+) in dairy processing wastewater can be recovered as struvite (Mg + NH4+ + PO43− 6H20), a nutrient rich mineral for fertiliser application. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the effects of, pH, temperature and Mg: PO43− dosing rates on nutrient (PO43− and NH4+) removal and struvite precipitation from post anaerobic digested dairy processing wastewater, and (2) co-blend different dairy processing wastewaters to improve the reactant stoichiometry of NH4+ and PO43− for optimal struvite recovery and NH4+ removal. Phosphate removal (&gt;90%) and struvite production (&gt;60%) was achieved across a range of synthesis conditions, and was significantly impacted by pH as determined by response surface modelling. A combination of disproportionate molar ratios of PO43− and NH4+, presence of calcium and the apparent mineralisation of organic N, resulted in co-precipitation of hydroxyapatite and elevated levels of residual aqueous NH4+. In the second phase of this study, struvite was successfully precipitated and NH4+ removal was improved (~17%) however, higher concentrations of calcium in the wastewater blends resulted in greater hydroxyapatite co-precipitation (up to 30%). While struvite was the desired product in this study the formation of multiple heterogenous P-rich products (struvite and hydroxyapatite) has the potential to improve P recovery from dairy processing wastewaters and produce a fertiliser blend with amenity and value in agricultural systems.
Scaleup of mild gasification to be a process development. Quarterly report, February 1995--May 1995 (1995)

The work performed during the Fourteenth quarterly reporting period (February 21 through May 20, 1995) on the research program, {open_quotes}Scale-Up of Mild Gasification to a Process Development Unit{close_quotes} is presented in this report. The overall objective of this project is to develop the IGT Mild-Gasification (MILDGAS) process for near-term commercialization. The specific objectives of the program are to: (1) design, construct, and operate a 24-tons/day adiabatic process development unit (PDU) to obtain process performance data suitable for further design scaleup; (2) obtain large batches of coal-derived co-products for industrial evaluation; (3) prepare a detailed design of a demonstration unit; and (4) develop technical and economic plans for commercialization of the MILDGAS process. The project team that is performing the initial phases of the PDU development are: Kerr-McGee Coal Corporation (K-M Coal), the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT), Bechtel Corporation (Bechtel), and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale (SIUC). The MILDGAS process is a continuous closed system for producing liquid and solid (char) co-products at mild operating conditions up to 50 psig and 1300{degrees}F. It is capable of processing a wide range of both eastern caking and western noncaking coals. The 1 ton/hr PDU facility that is to be constructed is comprised of a 2.5-ft ID adiabatic gasifier for the production of gases, coal liquids, and char; a three-stage condensation train to condense and store the liquid products; and coal feeding and char handling equipment. The facility will also incorporate support equipment for environmentally acceptable disposal of process waste. This quarter, the formal HAZOP review was completed and a report detailing action items for resolution by the parties responsible was prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Uleine‐Type and Strychnos Alkaloids Through a Common Intermediate. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
How can we develop better communication aids? (1987)

AbstractThe design, development, and marketing of effective communication aids is a complex activity which needs a wide range of skills and resources. The requirements of a communication aid need to be carefully considered, together with the constraints of technology and the market place, in order to produce an appropriate compromise solution. The coordinated involvement of therapists, engineers and, of course, the client groups is essential. As in any engineering solution compromisesare necessary, and it is unlikely that an “ideal” communication aid for the speech impaired will be available for a very long time.Keywordsaided approaches communication aid design strategies discourse analysis inter-disciplinaryapproach speech impaired
Clocking Effect of Chevrons with Azimuthally-Varying Immersions on Shockcell/Cabin Noise (2008)

*† ‡ § Prior scale model and flight tests have shown that azimuthally varying fan chevrons, especially, those with more enhanced mixing near the pylon, are quieter than conventional azimuthally uniform chevrons for both jet mixing noise, as well as shockcell noise, and can be designed to have insignificant thrust loss at cruise conditions. In this paper we study the effect of clocking of chevrons with azimuthally varying immersions on shockcell noise at cruise conditions using a Boeing 777-300ER aircraft with GE90-115B engines. Three types of clockings are studied: (i) highest immersion near the pylon and decreasing monotonically away from it, (ii) highest immersion on the side away from the fuselage and decreasing monotonically as the fuselage is approached, and (iii) uniformly immersed chevrons except for those near the pylon which have higher immersions. 14 variable geometry fan chevrons made of shape memory alloy, heating elements and feedback control were used to change their immersions during flight, with and without conventional core chevrons. The unsteady pressure on the fuselage side is analyzed for shockcell noise during cruise conditions at 0.84 Mach no. and 35,000 ft altitude from start to finish. For each cruise segment one of the above chevron immersion clockings was found to be more beneficial than others. At midcruise conditions the second clocking gave slightly better results than the first one for low frequencies, but the last clocking gave the highest noise benefit above 5 dB. Addition of core chevrons increased the high frequency noise for all three clockings and are not deemed useful for shockcell noise reduction. The interior cabin noise spectra mostly corroborate the low frequency benefits and high frequency penalties found on the fuselage exterior skin.
Intramolecular dibromo ketone-iron carbonyl reaction in terpene synthesis (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular dibromo ketone-iron carbonyl reaction in terpene synthesisR. Noyori, M. Nishizawa, F. Shimizu, Y. Hayakawa, Keiji Maruoka, Shinsaku Hashimoto, Hisashi Yamamoto, and Hitosi NozakiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 1, 220–222Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00495a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00495a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views341Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Role of the Phenylalanine B24 Side Chain in Directing Insulin Interaction with Its Receptor (1989)

We have investigated (by use of semisynthetic insulin analogs and isolated canine hepatocytes) the role of invariant residue PheB24 in determining the affinity of insulin-receptor interactions. Our results confirm that replacement of PheB24 by D-Phe is not detrimental to ligand binding to receptor, show that D-Ala is well tolerated at position B24 (whereas Ala is not), and demonstrate that [GlyB24]insulin retains as much as 78% of the receptor binding potency of native insulin. Additional findings show that replacement of PheB24 by D-Pro or by alpha-aminoisobutyric acid results in analogs with severely decreased binding potency, and that the COOH-terminal domain containing residues B26-B30 plays a positive role in determining receptor binding potency in GlyB24-substituted insulin (whereas it plays a negative role in determining the receptor binding potency of its GlyB25-substituted counterpart). We interpret our results as identifying (a) a critical role for the insulin main chain near residue B24 in determining the affinity of receptor for ligand, (b) the importance of main chain flexibility in achieving a high affinity state of receptor-bound hormone, and (c) a potential interaction of the PheB24 side chain with receptor which initiates main chain structural changes in the natural hormone, but which does not itself confer affinity to ligand-receptor interactions.
A conserved region of nonstructural protein 1 from alphacoronaviruses inhibits host gene expression and is critical for viral virulence (2019)

Coronaviruses are enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses that are distributed worldwide. They include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and the human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), many of which seriously endanger human health and well-being. Only alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses harbor nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1), which performs multiple functions in inhibiting antiviral host responses. The role of the C terminus of betacoronavirus nsp1 in virulence has been characterized, but the location of the alphacoronavirus nsp1 region that is important for virulence remains unclear. Here, using TGEV nsp1 as a model to explore the function of this protein in alphacoronaviruses, we demonstrate that alphacoronavirus nsp1 inhibits host gene expression. Solving the crystal structure of full-length TGEV at 1.85-Å resolution and conducting several biochemical analyses, we observed that a specific motif (amino acids 91-95) of alphacoronavirus nsp1 is a conserved region that inhibits host protein synthesis. Using a reverse-genetics system based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology to construct a recombinant TGEV in which this specific nsp1 motif was altered, we found that this mutation does not affect virus replication in cell culture but significantly reduces TGEV pathogenicity in pigs. Taken together, our findings suggest that alphacoronavirus nsp1 is an essential virulence determinant, providing a potential paradigm for the development of a new attenuated vaccine based on modified nsp1.
Isolation, full genomic characterization and neutralization-based human seroprevalence of Medjerda Valley virus, a novel sandfly-borne phlebovirus belonging to the Salehabad virus complex in northern Tunisia (2015)

A new phlebovirus, Medjerda Valley virus (MVV), was isolated from one pool of Phlebotomus sp. (Diptera; Psychodidae) sandflies trapped in the vicinity of the Utique site, northern Tunisia. Genetic analysis based on complete coding of genomic sequences of the three RNA segments indicated that MVV is most closely related to members of the Salehabad virus species, where it is the fourth virus for which the complete sequence is available. A seroprevalence study was performed to search for neutralizing antibodies in human sera in the same region. The results demonstrate that in this area, MVV can readily infect humans despite low seroprevalence rates. Salehabad species viruses have generally been considered to be a group of viruses with little medical or veterinary interest. This view deserves to be revisited according to our human seroprevalence results, together with high animal infection rate of Adana virus and recent evidence of human infection with Adria virus in Greece. Further studies are needed to investigate the capacity of each specific member of the Salehabad virus species to cause human or animal diseases.
Application of Laser Technology for Oil and Gas Wells Perforation (2011)

Abstract In gas and oil well completion, perforation channels must be made through the steel casing wall and cement and into the rock formation in the production zone to allow formation fluid to enter the well. This paper will present study results on using a pulsed CO2 laser to drill the perforation channels through reservoir rocks. With fiber optic cable delivery capability, a CO2 laser beam has the potential to be delivered to deep oil production zones. Effects of laser pulse parameters, beam properties, and assistant gas purging on the perforating efficiency and rock permeability will be reported. Unlike the conventional explosive charge perforation that often causes great reduction of rock permeability, laser perforation would enhance the rock permeability, therefore increasing the oil or gas production rate of the well. Laser on time, laser relaxation time between laser bursts and sample rotary speed also affect the perforation. A laser burst is the sum of the multiple pulses over the period of laser on time. Pulsed CO2 laser with fiber optic cable delivery is a strong candidate for laser perforation application for oil and natural gas wells. Preliminary test shows that CO2 laser can perforate the rock as efficiently as the other types of high power lasers and the permeability of the rock lased by pulsed CO2 laser beam increases up to 566% compared to non-lased rocks due to clay dehydration and microfractures induced by the high temperature gradient and phase transformation volume expansion generated in the rock while lasing.
Approximating Optimal Visual Sensor Placement (2006)

Many novel multimedia applications use visual sensor arrays. In this paper we address the problem of optimally placing multiple visual sensors in a given space. Our linear programming approach determines the minimum number of cameras needed to cover the space completely at a given sampling frequency. Simultaneously it determines the optimal positions and poses of the visual sensors. We also show how to account for visual sensors with different properties and costs if more than one kind is available, and report performance results.
Theoretical tools to solve the axisymmetric Maxwell equations (2001)

Abstract In this paper, the mathematical tools, which are required to solve the axisymmetric Maxwell equations, are presented. An in‐depth study of the problems posed in the meridian half‐plane, numerical algorithms, as well as numerical experiments, based on the implementation of the theory described hereafter, shall be presented in forthcoming papers. In the present paper, the attention is focused on the (orthogonal) splitting of the electromagnetic field in a regular part and a singular part, the former being in the Sobolev space H 1 component‐wise. It is proven that the singular fields are related to singularities of Laplace‐like operators, and, as a consequence, that the space of singular fields is finite dimensional. This paper can be viewed as the continuation of References ( J. Comput. Phys. 2000; 161 : 218–249, Modél. Math. Anal. Numér , 1998; 32 : 359–389) Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Accurate Identification of Adverse Outcomes After Cervical Spine Surgery (2004)

Correlation between the surgeon records and the patient surveys was consistently poor, regardless of the specific patient and surgeon factor analyzed. While we chose to study dysphonia and dysphagia, it is conceivable that the results may be generalizable to many situations in which office notes are utilized to ascertain the prevalence of subjective adverse outcomes. These results suggest that the prevalence of such outcomes may be seriously underreported in studies that rely on the retrospective analysis of surgeon records.