gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its receptor binding domain does not predict rapid recovery from COVID-19 (2020)

Abstract Diagnostic testing and evaluation of patient immunity against the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona virus that emerged last year (SARS-CoV-2) are essential for health and economic crisis recovery of the world. It is suggested that potential acquired immunity against SARS-CoV-2 from prior exposure may be determined by detecting the presence of circulating IgG antibodies against viral antigens, such as the spike glycoprotein and its receptor binding domain (RBD). Testing our asymptomatic population for evidence of COVID-19 immunity would also offer valuable epidemiologic data to aid health care policies and health care management. Currently, there are over 100 antibody tests that are being used around the world without approval from the FDA or similar regulatory bodies, and they are mostly for rapid and qualitative assessment, with different degrees of error rates. ELISA-based testing for sensitive and rigorous quantitative assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can potentially offer mechanistic insights into the COVID-19 disease and aid communities uniquely challenged by limited financial resources and access to commercial testing products. Employing recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD and spike protein generated in the laboratory, we devised a quantitative ELISA for the detection of circulating serum antibodies. Serum from twenty SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients were used to detect circulating IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and RBD. Quantitative detection of IgG antibodies to the spike glycoprotein or the RBD in patient samples was not always associated with faster recovery, compared to patients with borderline antibody response to the RBD. One patient who did not develop antibodies to the RBD completely recovered from COVID-19. In surveying 99 healthy donor samples (procured between 2017-February 2020), we detected RBD antibodies in one donor from February 2020 collection with three others exhibiting antibodies to the spike protein but not the RBD. Collectively, our study suggests that more rigorous and quantitative analysis, employing large scale samples sets, is required to determine whether antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or RBD is associated with protection from COVID-19 disease. It is also conceivable that humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or RBD works in association with adaptive T cell response to determine clinical sequela and severity of COVID-19 disease.
WindPACT Turbine Design Scaling Studies Technical Area 1-Composite Blades for 80- to 120-Meter Rotor (2001)

The United States Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) implemented the Wind Partnership for Advanced Component Technologies (WindPACT) program. As part of the WindPACT program, Global Energy Concepts, LLC (GEC), was awarded contract number YAM-0-30203-01 to examine Technical Area 1-Blade Scaling, Technical Area 2-Turbine Rotor and Blade Logistics, and Technical Area 3-Self-Erecting Towers. This report documents the results of GEC's Technical Area 1-Blade Scaling. The primary objectives of the Blade-Scaling Study are to assess the scaling of current materials and manufacturing technologies for blades of 40 to 60 meters in length, and to develop scaling curves of estimated cost and mass for rotor blades in that size range.
Low-melting mixtures based on choline ionic liquids (2014)

In this article a strategy is proposed for the design of low toxic, room temperature liquid low-melting mixtures (LMMs) which are entirely composed of natural materials. From literature it is well known that, in general, deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride and dicarboxylic acids are LMMs, but not liquids at room temperature, with one exception: a 1 : 1 molar mixture of malonic acid and choline chloride. Therefore, the starting point of this study was the decrease of the melting point of one of the components, namely the dicarboxylic acid, which is succinic, glutaric or adipic acid. For this purpose, one of the two protons of the acidic group was exchanged by a bulky unsymmetrical choline cation. The resulting ionic liquids (ILs) were still solid at room temperature, but have a reduced melting temperature compared to the corresponding acids. In the second step, mixtures of these ILs with choline chloride were prepared. It turned out that choline glutarate-choline chloride mixtures are liquids at room temperature at compositions containing 95-98 wt% of choline glutarate. Finally, urea was added as another hydrogen bond donor. Density, conductivity and viscosity measurements were performed for all obtained mixtures. Moreover, a Walden plot was drawn which indicates that all mixtures are liquids with fully dissociated ions moving independently. Therefore, they are considered as "good" ionic liquids and, thus, for example they can be used to exchange more toxic or less biodegradable ILs in application processes. A brief outlook containing application possibilities is given. It is demonstrated that choline dodecylsulfate is readily soluble in these mixtures, forming aggregates in the LMM at temperatures exceeding 55 °C.
Intraosseous Phlebography, Intraosseous Pressure Measurements and99mTc-Polyphosphate Scintigraphy in Patients with Various Painful Conditions in the hip and Knee (1980)

Twenty-five patients with pain in the knee or hip were examined by means of bilateral intraosseous phlebography, intraosseous pressure measurements and 99mTechnetium polyphosphate scintigraphy. All patients with typical rest pain--either due to osteoarthritis or to the intraosseous engorgement-pain syndrome--showed venous stasis and increased pressure in the bone marrow near the painful joint and abnormally high uptake of the radiotracer. In patients with other types of pain this correlation was absent. The results indicate that 99mTechnetium polyphosphate scintigraphy can be used as a screening method in the diagnosis of the intraosseous engorgement-pain syndrome in patients with a typical history. However, increased isotope uptake in a joint region may be due to a variety of other causes. The identical findings with all three methods of investigation in patients with the intraosseous engorgement-pain syndrome and osteoarthritis suggest a common pathomechanism.
Etude du diagramme de phase de l'antimoniure d'indium INSB sous hautes pression et température (1997)

Ce travail de these est consacre a l'etude sous haute pression et haute temperature de l'antimoniure d'indium par diffraction de rayons x en dispersion d'energie. Les transitions de phase solide-solide dans les semiconducteurs ont connu un recent regain d'interet tant experimental que theorique. En effet, l'amelioration des techniques experimentales a conduit a montrer que la plupart des diagrammes de phase des semiconducteurs etablis il y a vingt ans etaient en partie inexacts. Parallelement, les calculs AB INITIO et notamment les methodes d'energie totale ont tres nettement progresse et permettent a present de predire le domaine de stabilite des phases solides avec une assez bonne precision. Dans ce cadre, l'obtention de donnees experimentales fiables constitue un test crucial pour ce type de calcul. Une part importante de ce travail a donc donnees experimentales de tres bonne qualite a haute pression et haute temperature. J'ai notamment realise l'optimisation de l'element chauffant ainsi que de la chambre haute pression de gros volume ce qui a permis une tres nette amelioration de l'homogeneite de la temperature et de la pression au sein de l'echantillon. A l'aide de ce nouveau montage, j'ai pu mener, pour la premiere fois une investigation in situ complete du diagramme de phase de INSB par diffraction X. Ces etudes ont ete menees conjointement sur les instruments du Lure et de l'ESRF et m'ont permis de determiner sans ambiguite les structures et les domaine d'existence des phases stables a haute pression et haute temperature. Nous avons notamment montre que les phases precedemment nommees 2 et 4 n'en font qu'une dont la structure est orthorhombique primitive. La phase 3 a egalement ete caracterisee de facon univoque. En outre, il a ete possible de determiner la position des lignes de transition entre les differentes phases solides et liquide avec une tres bonne precision et les equations d'etat des solides 1 et 4 ont pu etre etablies pour la premiere fois a haute temperature. Tous ces elements me conduisent a proposer un nouveau diagramme de phase fondamentalement different de celui admis jusqu'ici.
Low-frequency Raman-scattering investigation ofRbC60 (1997)

We present a low-frequency Raman study of ${\mathrm{RbC}}_{60}$ in its orthorombic polymer phase. The ${H}_{g}(1)$ mode splits in three components at the polymer--orientationally-disordered-monomer phase transition ${(T}_{\mathrm{p}/\mathrm{d}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\simeq}}400\mathrm{}\mathrm{K}).$ We use this split as a probe of the state of the sample to study the temperature dependence of the low-frequency (about $30{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$) peak characteristic of the polymer phase. In the whole polymer-phase temperature range, the behavior of the mode is that expected for regular anharmonicity. No significant change is observed at the metal-insulator transition temperature ${(T}_{\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{i}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\simeq}}50\mathrm{}\mathrm{K}).$ By contrast, the peak vanishes at ${T}_{\mathrm{p}/\mathrm{d}}$ in agreement with recent inelastic neutron scattering, confirming its assignment to a twist mode of the chains.
AUGMENTER OF LIVER REGENERATION ENHANCES THE SUCCESS RATE OF FETAL PANCREAS TRANSPLANTATION IN RODENTS1 (1998)

Diabetes was reversed in a significantly greater proportion of FP + ALR-treated recipients than those animals treated with vehicle alone. Local delivery of growth factors may be used as an adjunct to FP transplantation to improve the rate of success. This in situ model may be useful to further evaluate other soluble factors.
Magnetoresistance and Hall effect in thin metal foils and films (1986)

Soffer's angular-dependent model of the scattering of electrons at a metal surface is applied to both the longitudinal and the transverse magnetoresistance of thin foils and films. In the transverse case the Hall effect is also evaluated. The results of these calculations are presented in graphical form. For the case of a longitudinal field the results are very similar to those obtained by Way and Kao using the Fuchs model of surface scattering. In the case of the field transverse to the current and normal to the plane of the sample, oscillations in conductivity as a function of magnetic field are found which, although similar to Sondheimer's results based on the Fuchs model, differ in the interesting regime of thin, rough samples at low magnetic fields. Furthermore, while the Hall coefficient shows the Sondheimer plateau behaviour at low fields, its variation at higher fields is significantly different.
Influence of Optic Disc Size on Identifying Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy (2017)

Accurate identification of glaucomatous optic neuropathy was significantly influenced by optic disc size. This was particularly evident for the large normal nerve and the small glaucomatous nerve. The ISNT rule provided value for differentiating normal from glaucomatous nerves, but its subjective interpretation resulted in considerable intergrader variability. These findings agree with other studies utilizing smaller numbers of observers but larger numbers of optic nerve presentations that disc size and the ISNT rule have value for enhancing accuracy of optic nerve assessment.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from The AC133 Epitope, but not the CD133 Protein, Is Lost upon Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-2 from The AC133 Epitope, but not the CD133 Protein, Is Lost upon Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation
Insertional Variations of Two Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs) in Korean Native Pigs and Asian Wild Boars (2007)

Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs) are a major concern in relation to xenotransplantation. Previous research indicated that PERVs are present at about 50 copies in the pig genome and their chromosomal insertion sites are different among pig breeds. We examined nine Korean native pigs and seven Asian Wild Boars for the presence of a PERV-A at SSC 1q2.4 and a PERV-B at SSC 7p1.1-2 previously reported in a Large White pig. The PERV-B at locus 7p1.1-2 displayed insertional variability in Korean native pigs and Asian Wild Boars. Using the primers for the PERV-A at 1q2.4 from Large White pig, we only can amplify an unclassified 798 bp sequence, which showed insertional variability only in Korean native pigs. This study indicates that there are differences within and between Asian and European pigs in PERV insertions and suggests that selection could generate PERV-free lines of pigs more suitable for xenotransplantation.
In Situ Bioconjugation: Single Step Approach to Tailored Nanoparticle‐Bioconjugates by Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Ablation (2009)

Abstract A single step approach to tailored nanoparticle‐bioconjugates, enabling the generation of gold nanoparticles by laser ablation and their in situ conjugation with any biomolecule bearing an electron donating function (e.g., thiolated oligonucleotides) is established. The integrity of oligonucleotides after conjugation and the stability of bioconjugates in physiological media are investigated. Their size is tailorable via process parameters. This rapid and universal method may provide biochemists with various nanoparticle‐bioconjugates for screening the often unpredictable structure–function relationship.
Storage induced changes to high protein powders: influence on surface properties and solubility (2011)

The development of this 'crust' is thought to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of the powder particles during storage. The increase in the hydrophobicity at the surface and the casein micelle interactions resulting in the surface crust formation appear to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of MPC during storage.
Toward Industry 5.0: Intelligent Reflecting Surface in Smart Manufacturing (2022)

Industry 5.0 envisions close cooperation between humans and machines requiring ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has the potential to play a crucial role in realizing wireless URLLC for Industry 5.0. IRS is forecast to be a key enabler of 6G wireless communication networks as it can significantly improve wireless network performance by creating a controllable radio environment. In this article, we first provide an over-view of IRS technology and then conceptualize the potential for IRS implementation in a future smart manufacturing environment to support the emergence of Industry 5.0 with a series of applications. Finally, to stimulate future research in this area, we discuss the strength, open challenges, and opportunities of IRS technology in modern smart manufacturing.
Model-based feedforward for motion systems (2004)

This paper considers model-based feedforward for motion systems. The proposed feedforward controller consists of an acceleration feedforward part and an inverse dynamics model of flexible modes. Based on analysis and H/sub /spl infin// model-based feedforward design, the inverse dynamics can be restricted to a second order filter in the form of a skew notch even if the motion system has more parasitic modes. The benefit of this is an on-line tuning possibility. Tracking errors and settling times can be reduced significantly compared to acceleration feedforward.
Regioselective Syntheses of 2,3‐Substituted Pyridines by Orthogonal Cross‐Coupling Strategies (2011)

Abstract 2‐Aryl/alkylamino‐3‐aryl I and 3‐aryl/alkylamino‐2‐aryl pyridines II , as important potentially bioactive compounds, were synthesized by applying orthogonal cross‐coupling strategies. Combinations of the Suzuki–Miyaura, Liebeskind–Srogl, and Buchwald–Hartwig protocols gave access to the title compounds in a straightforward and operationally simple manner. Full control over the regioselectivity at the 2‐ and 3‐positions was achieved by using 2,3‐dichloropyridine or 3‐iodo‐2‐(methylthio)pyridine as simple, commercially available starting materials. Within this contribution, efficient and high yielding conditions were developed for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of 2‐substituted 3‐chloropyridines, a transformation formerly underrepresented in the literature. For the synthesis of 3‐alkyl/arylamino‐2‐aryl pyridines, the stability of the methylthio group was exploited under Pd‐catalysis in the absence of a copper source. This even enabled the development of an operationally highly facile (semi)‐one‐pot protocol to access the aforementioned compound class that avoided one purification step. A series of products I and II was prepared by using the developed protocols with excellent regioselectivity and good yields.
Versatile backconversion-inhibited broadband optical parametric amplification based on an idler-separated QPM configuration (2017)

Conversion efficiency and phase-matching (PM) bandwidth are both critical issues for broadband parametric processes. In some sense, they determine the highest peak power achieved via the optical parametric amplification. In this Letter, a versatile idler-separated quasi-phase matching scheme capable of both backconversion circumvention and ultra-broadband PM is presented. Full-dimensional spatial-temporal simulations for the typical optical parametric chirped pulse amplification processes at 800 nm and 3.4 μm were presented in detail. By virtue of the broad PM bandwidth on account of the non-collinear PM configuration, the backconversion circumvention on account of the idler-separated design, and the walk-off self-compensation on account of the symmetrical tilting grating patterns, significantly improved gain bandwidth, extremely high conversion efficiency, and a well-preserved beam profile are simultaneously achieved. Compared with the collinear configuration, the peak power can be potentially enhanced by 5-10 times under the same operation circumstances.
320 Micro Fracture Characteristics of ELID Ground Materials (2001)

Advanced structural ceramics, such as silicon nitride-based materials, are of significant interest due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the conventional grinding of these ceramics can result in surface and subsurface damage to the material, these defects can significantly reduce the strength and reliability of the finished component and are sensitive to grinding parameters. In this investigation, the effect of finish electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding on the micro-fracture characteristics of silicon nitride (Si_3N_4) specimens were studied. High-quality Si_3N_4 (Kyocera's silicon nitride SN 235) surfaces were fabricated in this study using the ELID technique, achieving a typical surface roughness of around Ra 0.0082 μm using a #30000 wheel. The ELID grinding of Si_3N_4 produced excellent results in terms of micro fracture characteristics.
Is social segregation between the sexes a consequence of habitat segregation in fallow deer? (2004)

International audience
Markets and Economics for Thermal Power Extraction from Nuclear Power Plants Aiding the Decarbonization of Industrial Processes (2020)

This report analyzes the domestic industrial heat markets which may be plausible for using heat extracted from existing LWRs, contributing to the decarbonization of industry. It conceptualizes ideas for a future energy park centered around an LWR with various participating synergistic industries with extensive heat and material integrations with the LWR. It also presents comparison calculations for energy storage options and the levelized cost of heat from an LWR versus the levelized cost of heat from a conventional natural gas boiler and shows under what circumstances heat from LWRs is competitive with and beats natural gas.
A transgenic mutant mouse line accompanied by the complete deletion of interleukin-33 showed insulin and leptin resistances (2018)

ABSTRACT Interleukin (IL) −33 has been identified as a member of the IL-1 family. Members of the IL-1 family have been reported to be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Homozygous transgenic mutant mice of FLP14 line, that we previously generated, unexpectedly developed mature-onset obesity and diabetes. Through genetic investigations, we found that insertion of the transgenes had resulted in complete deletion of the Il33 gene. These obese male homozygous mutant mice exhibited hyperphagia with hyperleptinemia and insulin resistance caused by increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and decreased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. As a result of examining preobese male homozygous mutant mice to investigate with the exclusion of the effect of obesity, hyperphagia with hyperleptinemina and insulin resistance caused by decreased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle were already observed, but the increased hepatic glucose production was not. To investigate whether the insulin resistance was caused by deletion of the Il33 gene, we treated these preobese homozygous mutant mice with recombinant IL-33 protein and noted a significant improvement in insulin resistance. Thus, insulin resistance in these homozygous mutant mice was caused, at least in part, by IL-33 deficiency, suggesting a favorable role of IL-33 for glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle.
Kinobead/LC-MS Phosphokinome Profiling Enables Rapid Analyses of Kinase-Dependent Cell Signaling Networks (2019)

Kinase-catalyzed protein phosphorylation is fundamental to eukaryotic signal transduction, regulating most cellular processes. Kinases are frequently dysregulated in cancer, inflammation and degenerative diseases, and because they can be inhibited with small molecules, they became important drug targets. Accordingly, analytical approaches that determine kinase activation states are critically important to understand kinase-dependent signal transduction, and to identify novel drug targets and predictive biomarkers. Multiplexed inhibitor beads (MIBs or kinobeads) efficiently enrich kinases from cell lysates for LC-MS analysis. When combined with phosphopeptide enrichment, kinobead/LC-MS can also quantify the phosphorylation state of kinases, which determines their activation state. However, an efficient kinobead/LC-MS kinase phospho-profiling protocol that allows routine analyses of cell lines and tissues has not yet been developed. Here, we present a facile workflow that quantifies the global phosphorylation state of kinases with unprecedented sensitivity. We also found that our kinobead/LC-MS protocol can measure changes in kinase complex composition and show how these changes can indicate kinase activity. We demonstrate the utility of our approach in specifying kinase signaling pathways that control the acute steroidogenic response in Leydig cells; this analysis establishes the first comprehensive framework for the post-translational control of steroid biosynthesis.