gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and health behaviors in cancer survivors: A cross-sectional population based study. (2017)

10069 Background: A substantial proportion of breast, colo-rectal and prostate cancer patients (pts) can expect long term disease free survival after their primary treatment. Among those, fatigue commonly persists after diagnosis (dx) and can be debilitating. In this study, we evaluated the incidence of fatigue 2 years (y) after cancer dx and its association with health behaviors. Methods: We used a French population based cross-sectional study, which included a representative sample of pts from 12 cancer types (VICAN2). VICAN2 surveyed 4347 pts 2 y after dx. There is a 99% completion rate of fatigue related questions. For this study, we included 2017 pts with breast (1237), colo-rectal (348) and prostate (432) cancer without evidence of metastases at dx or relapse 2y after dx and with fatigue information. Severe fatigue was defined as average score of EORTC QLQC30 fatigue subscale ≥40 at 2y after dx. There were &lt;1% of missing values in the evaluated covariates. Multivariate logistic regression models looked at associations of fatigue with heatlh behaviors (Δ in exercise since dx, exercise at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), Δ since dx, smoking), age, gender, comorbidities, education, employment, cancer type, radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy. Results: 52% of pts reported severe fatigue at 2 y after dx (median fatique score: 44, range: 0-100). 2 y after dx, 47% of pts either stopped or decrease exercise and 16% had a ≥ 10% change in BMI. Factors associated with fatigue included health behaviors (Table), but also age (adjusted odds ratio [ aOR] for severe fatigue, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.97, 0.96-0.98), gender ( aOR, 95 CI male vs. female: 0.5, 0.3-0.8), comorbidities ( aOR, 95 CI yes vs. no: 2.0, 1.6-2.4) and treatment type ( aOR, 95 CI radiation vs. no: 1.5, 1.1-2.0). Conclusions: Fatigue continues to be a substantial problem for cancer survivors 2 y after dx. Some factors that may contribute to persistent fatigue (health behaviors) may be amenable to interventions. [Table: see text]
Power distribution techniques for VLSI circuits (1986)

The onchip power distribution problem for highly scaled technologies is investigated. Metal migration and line resistance problems as well as ways to optimize multilayer metal technology for low resistance, low current density, and maximum wirability are also investigated. Fundamental lower limits and the limiting factors of the power-line current density and the voltage drop are studied. Tradeoffs between interconnect wirability and power distribution space are examined. Power routing schemes, as well as the optical number of metal layers and the optimal thickness of each layer, are examined. The results indicate that orders of magnitude improvements in current density and resistive voltage drop can be achieved using very few layers of thick metal whose thicknesses increase rapidly in ascending layers. Also, using the upper layers for power distribution and lower layers for signal routing results in the most wire length available for signal routing.
3.1: Invited Paper: OLED Micro‐displays for VR/AR Applications (2019)

OLED Micro‐displays with single crystal silicon (CMOS) backplane for VR and AR applications will be discussed. An overview of the OLED micro‐display market size and requirements followed by the fabrication process, as it exists today, will be first discussed. The requirement of high brightness micro‐displays for both VR and AR applications will be discussed. Recent development of a high brightness (greater than 7,000 cd/m2) full color 1920x1200 and 2Kx2K resolution OLED micro‐displays at eMagin Corporation will be discussed. The performance details of this high resolution high brightness OLED micro‐display will be presented.
Passive acoustic measurements of wind velocity and sound speed in air (2014)

Random acoustic fields generated by uncorrelated sources in moving media contain information about the propagation environment, including sound speed and flow velocity. This information can be recovered by noise interferometry. Here interferometric techniques are applied to road traffic noise. Acoustic travel times and their nonreciprocity are retrieved from two-point cross-correlation functions of noise. The feasibility of passive acoustic measurements of wind velocity using diffuse noise is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The accuracy of the interferometric measurements of sound speed and wind velocity is confirmed by comparison with in situ measurements of wind, air temperature, and humidity.
Antineuronal Antibodies in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: Comparisons in Children with OCD-only, OCD + Chronic tics and OCD + PANDAS (2009)

We will present a comparison of serum antineuronal antibody profiles in children with OCD-only (n=13), PANDAS + OCD (n=20), CTD + OCD (n=23), and age-matched controls (n=29). Detection methods used to evaluate anti-brain antibodies included immunohistochemistry (striatum), ELISA (BA 9/10, BA 11, caudate, and cingulate gyrus), and Western immunoblotting (BA 9/10, BA 11, caudate, and cingulate gyrus). Immunublotting was further used to assess the presence and concentration of putative antigens identified in post-streptococcal patients, i.e., *- and *-enolase, aldolase C, pyruvate kinase M1 and tubulin. Anti-lysoganglioside GM1 activity was measured by competitive inhibition.
Effects of Polynomial Plus Power-Law Errors on SAR Refraction Autofocus (2019)

Radar pulses are subject to delay and bending as a result of refraction through the earth's atmosphere. Such effects can yield overall scene defocus in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, since the amount of delay and bending can vary from one radar pulse to the next along the synthetic aperture due to spatially varying atmospheric conditions. A recent investigation has resulted in SAR autofocus techniques for estimating and compensating for these atmospheric delay and bending effects. The current analysis examines the performance of this autofocus algorithm for cases in which the atmospheric delay and bending are obtained from error profiles along the synthetic aperture which include both polynomial modeling and power-law contributions. Refocus results from the subject atmospheric-based autofocus methods are quite positive when applied to measured Ku-band radar imagery in which known delay and bending errors have been applied.
Autophagy promotes cell and organismal survival by maintaining NAD(H) pools (2020)

Autophagy is an essential catabolic process that promotes clearance of surplus or damaged intracellular components 1 . As a recycling process, autophagy is also important for the maintenance of cellular metabolites during periods of starvation 2 . Loss of autophagy is sufficient to cause cell death in animal models and is likely to contribute to tissue degeneration in a number of human diseases including neurodegenerative and lysosomal storage disorders 3–7 . However, it remains unclear which of the many cellular functions of autophagy primarily underlies its role in cell survival. Here we have identified a critical role of autophagy in the maintenance of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + /NADH) levels. In respiring cells, loss of autophagy caused NAD(H) depletion resulting in mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and cell death. We also found that maintenance of NAD(H) is an evolutionary conserved function of autophagy from yeast to human cells. Importantly, cell death and reduced viability of autophagy-deficient animal models can be partially reversed by supplementation with an NAD(H) precursor. Our study provides a mechanistic link between autophagy and NAD(H) metabolism and suggests that boosting NAD(H) levels may be an effective intervention strategy to prevent cell death and tissue degeneration in human diseases associated with autophagy dysfunction.
Artificial intelligence (AI) weights the importance of factors predicting malignancy at the time of ultrasonographic (US) examination (2019)

To determine whether artificial intelligence might be useful in weighting the importance of clinical and US variables predicting the risk of malignancy (ROM) in women undergoing surgery for ovarian masses. This is a retrospective study evaluating 1,053 patients having surgery for ovarian masses in gynaecologic oncology unit of three referral centres in Italy. Using artificial neuronal network (ANN) analysis was estimated the importance of different variables, used in predicting ROM. Clinical and US (according to IOTA Terms) variables were evaluated. ANN simulates a biological neuronal system. Like neurons, ANN acquires knowledge through a learning phase process and allows weighting the importance of covariates, thus establishing how much a variable influences a multifactor phenomenon. Overall, 43% (458/1053) of patients had malignant masses detected at surgery. Using ANN we observed that the three main US factors predicting ROM included: colour score (importance: 0.259), presence of solid area(s) (importance: 0.212) and cysts’ diameter (importance: 0.099). Looking at connections between clinical/personal factors and ROM, we observed that CA125 levels (importance: 0.100), increasing in age (importance: 0.042), and family history positive for breast cancer (importance: 0.033) were the most important variables predicting ROM. According to our results, colour score and presence of solid area should be considered the most important factors predicting ROM. Moreover, clinical and anamnestic features might have a role in predicting ROM. Further studies are needed to estimate the clinical utility of AI in providing help in decision-making process.
A fast distributed stochastic Gradient Descent algorithm for matrix factorization (2014)

The accuracy and effectiveness of matrix factorization technique were well demonstrated in the Netflix movie recommendation contest. Among the numerous solutions for matrix factorization, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is one of the most widely used algo-rithms. However, as a sequential approach, SGD algorithm cannot directly be used in the Distributed Cluster Environment (DCE). In this paper, we propose a fast distributed SGD algorithm named FDSGD for matrix factorization, which can run efficiently in DCE. This algorithm solves data sharing problem based on independent storage system to avoid data synchronization which may cause a big influence to algorithm performance, and syn-chronous operation problem in DCE using a distributed synchronization tool so that dis-tributed cooperation threads can perform in a harmonious environment.
Characterization of transforming growth factor-beta-resistant subclones isolated from a transforming growth factor-beta-sensitive human colon carcinoma cell line. (1988)

Previous work indicated that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) elicits proliferation-inhibitory effects in the human colon carcinoma cell line MOSER. This paper describes the isolation and characterization of spontaneously arising subclones from this TGF-beta-sensitive parental line which were relatively refractory to the inhibitory effects of TGF-beta. While the parental cell line responded to TGF-beta with an inhibition of cellular proliferation in monolayer culture and in soft agarose, an increase in extracellular fibronectin, and a down-regulation of c-myc protooncogene expression, these responses were absent or attenuated in the sublines. However, the resistant clones retained the ability to specifically bind TGF-beta. N,N-Dimethylformamide and retinoic acid, two other agents associated with induction of a partial differentiation-like response in the MOSER parental cells (similar to that elicited by TGF-beta), inhibited the monolayer proliferation of both the parental cells and the TGF-beta-resistant sublines. Thus, the refractoriness observed in the isolated clones was relatively specific for TGF-beta.
Efficient block implementation of exact sequential least-squares problems (2003)

An efficient blockwise algorithm, named the block sequential least-squares (BSLS) algorithm, is presented for sequentially solving exact LS problems in real time. The information is carried from block to block by iterating some correlation vectors. The average operations of the BSLS are fewer than sample-by-sample fast RLS algorithms. The BSLS algorithm allows efficient use of the FFT technique to make gains in computational complexity savings. It is shown that the new algorithm can provide improved numerical features over the existing fast-RLS algorithms due to the new adaptation version.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Plastic lithium ion energy/power systems are key to integrated and affordable hybrid automotive solutions (2003)

If Hybrid Electric Vehicles are going to be successful, practical energy/power solutions must be implemented. One major cost driver on any hybrid application is the energy storage system, and the greater the power or energy storage requirements, the greater the cost. In addition, the energy storage system can be a major integration challenge as it often consumes highly valued vehicle space. The packaging, maintenance, safety and mass issues of the energy storage system must also be considered, as they all impact vehicle integration requirements. With the advent of Plastic Lithium Ion (PLI) technology, energy storage systems can be minimized, thus reducing the impact of cost, mass and volume to the hybrid vehicle platform. In addition, PLI technology provides packaging flexibility for optimum vehicle integration. By leveraging creativity, plastics engineering, and systems integration, PLI technology holds the key to practical and affordable Hybrid Electric Vehicles.
Evaluation of a New Airborne Microwave Remote Sensing Radiometer by Measuring the Salinity Gradients Across the Shelf of the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon (2007)

Over the last ten years, some operational airborne remote sensing systems have become available for mapping surface salinity over large areas in near real time. A new dual-polarized Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) has been developed to improve accuracy and precision when compared with previous instrument generations. This paper reports on the first field evaluation of the performance of the PLMR by measuring salinity gradients in the central Great Barrier Reef. Before calibration, the raw salinity values of the PLMR and conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) differed by 3-6 psu. The calibration, which uses in situ salinity data to remove long-term drifts in the PLMR as well as environmental effects such as surface roughness and radiation from the sky and atmosphere, was carried out by equating the means of the PLMR and CTD salinity data over a subsection of the transect, after which 85% of the salinity values between the PLMR and CTD are within 0.1 psu along the complete transect. From offshore to inshore across the shelf, the PLMR shows an average cross-shelf salinity increase of about 0.4 psu and a decrease of 2 psu over the inshore 20 km at -19deg S (around Townsville) and -18deg S (around Lucinda), respectively. The average cross-shelf salinity increase was 0.3 psu for the offshore 100 km over all transects. These results are consistent with the in situ CTD results. This survey shows that PLMR provided an effective method of rapidly measuring the surface salinity in near real time when a calibration could be made.
A Pt/Ga/sub 2/Osub 3/-ZnO/SiC Schottky diode-based hydrocarbon gas sensor (2003)

A novel metal-reactive insulator-silicon carbide device with a catalytic layer for hydrocarbon gas-sensing is presented. This structure, employed as a Schottky diode, utilizes sol-gel prepared Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -ZnO layer as the reactive insulator. The sensor has been exposed to propene gas, which lowers the barrier height of the diode. The responses were stable and repeatable at operating temperatures between 300 and 600°C. The response to propene in different ambients was examined. The effect of diode bias has been investigated by analyzing the sensors response to various propene concentrations when held at constant currents of 2 and 8 mA.
Dynamic Approximation with Feedback Control for Energy-Efficient Recurrent Neural Network Hardware (2016)

This paper presents methodology of feedback-controlled dynamic approximation to enable energy-accuracy trade-off in digital recurrent neural network (RNN). A low-power digital RNN engine is presented that employs the proposed dynamic approximation. The on-chip feedback controller is realized by utilizing hysteretic or proportional controller. The dynamic adaptation of bit-precisions during the RNN computation is selected as approximation approach. Considering various applications, the digital RNN engine designed in 28nm CMOS shows ~36% average energy saving compared to the baseline case, with only ~4% of accuracy degradation on average.
Application-aware H.264 Scalable Video Coding delivery over Wireless LAN: Experimental assessment (2009)

This paper is among the first works to document experimental results for application-aware H.264 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) support over wireless LANs. Application-aware support is achieved by introducing a bandwidth throttling device, called Virtual Bottleneck (VBN), before the WLAN access point. Throttling is set to a bandwidth slightly smaller than the actual WLAN capacity (either known or estimated), so that all packet/frame losses occur inside the VBN. Here, loss events are controlled by a scheduling mechanism devised to operate with information taken from the H.264 Network Abstraction Layer Units (NALUs). Despite its relative simplicity, the implemented scheduler exhibits effective video adaptation performance and close to optimal bandwidth efficiency. Setting up the trial was not trivial due to the lack of suitable publicly available tools. We filled this gap by implementing and integrating several separate software modules, e.g., streaming server, NALU dependency filtering, video frame concealment, etc. As a final result, the experimental trial supports the full delivery chain for an SVC stream with the only limitation of an off-line stream conversion for play-out and Peak Signal-To-Noise Ratio (PSNR) measurement purposes, due to the unavailability of real time SVC players.
Global interference and field independence in hierarchical visual processing (2022)

Complex hierarchical visual stimuli are composed of a large structure (global level) that is made up of small details (local level). Global and local information of an object are initially processed independently, and global information can be processed more readily than local information. When people are required to focus on the local level, they are easily distracted by information from the global level, while they are less distracted by the local level when processing the global level. This is referred to as global interference. A related concept, field independence, describes people’s ability to differentiate local target shapes from the shapes’ surroundings. Despite the conceptual similarity between global interference and field independence, it is unknown to what extent they rely on similar processes. Furthermore, the role of meaning in processing local and global features may influence the processes that are similar across global interference and field independence. We investigated the correlation between global interference and field independence and manipulated the meaningfulness of visual stimuli. We measured global interference with a Navon task, and measured field independence with an Embedded Figures Test. The Navon stimuli were either letter, object, or non-object (abstract/non-meaningful) compound stimuli. In the Embedded Figures Test, we utilized both object and non-object global figures where the local shapes (i.e., squares, triangles, etc.) were embedded. Global interference and field independence were only correlated when the stimuli in the Navon task were meaningful objects. In addition, global interference was stronger for letter stimuli in the Navon task, whereas field independence was weaker for the meaningful stimuli in the EFT, suggesting that meaningfulness plays a critical role in both global interference and field independence and when they rely on similar processing.
Unusual Terpyridines as Ligands for Novel Light‐Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Matrix Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules:  New System for Macromolecule Encapsulation (2004)

A new approach to fabricate polyelectrolyte microcapsules is based on exploiting porous inorganic microparticles of calcium carbonate. Porous CaCO3 microparticles (4.5-5.0 microns) were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method of nitrogen adsorption/desorption to get a surface area of 8.8 m2/g and an average pore size of 35 nm. These particles were used as templates for polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer assembly of two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, poly(styrene sulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride). Calcium carbonate core dissolution resulted in formation ofpolyelectrolyte microcapsules with an internal matrix consisting of a polyelectrolyte complex. Microcapsules with an internal matrix were analyzed by confocal Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, force microscopy, and confocal laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy. The structure was found to be dependent on a number of polyelectrolyte adsorption treatments. Capsules have a very high loading capacity for macromolecules, which can be incorporated into the capsules by capturing them from the surrounding medium into the capsules. In this paper, we investigated the loading by dextran and bovine serum albumin as macromolecules. The amount of entrapped macromolecules was determined by two independent methods and found to be up to 15 pg per microcapsule.
Implementation of pharmacogenomic testing in oncology care (PhOCus): study protocol of a pragmatic, randomized clinical trial (2020)

Providing a platform of integrated germline PGx information may promote personalized chemotherapy dosing decisions and establish a new model of care to optimize oncology treatment planning.
Impact of the coronavirus on Dutch oral health care and practice (2021)

Among dental hygienists and dentists in the Netherlands, the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on oral healthcare practices from March to July 2020 was investigated. Of the 1,700 healthcare providers approached, 433 completed questionnaires could be used. The results show that the pandemic has had a profound impact on both the accessibility of oral healthcare and on care provided in oral healthcare practices. Extra attention was paid to hygiene and infection prevention: the types of personal protective equipment and the protocols and procedures were adjusted by many oral healthcare providers. The confirmed prevalence of oral healthcare providers with COVID-19 in this study was 1.6%. However, testing was not available to all respondents with complaints during this initial period. Over half of the respondents estimated that even with additional measures there is an increased risk of infection to oral healthcare providers during their work. The efficacy of the various additional measures in oral healthcare practices related to COVID-19 is still unknown.