gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Study of Ice-Relative Underwater Vehicle Navigation Beneath Moving Sea Ice (2018)

This paper addresses the problem of underwater robotic vehicle navigation relative to moving or stationary sea ice. A brief review of previously-reported under-ice navigation methods is given, as well as a brief motivation for the use of under-ice robotic vehicles with precision navigation capabilities. We then describe our proposed approach, which employs two or more satellite navigation beacons atop the sea ice along with other precision vehicle and ship mounted navigation sensors to estimate vehicle, ice, and ship states by means of an Extended Kalman Filter. Navigation results for a simulated 7.6 km under ice survey are presented for varying satellite beacon separation. Preliminary analysis suggests that for the simulated sensors, vehicle trajectory, and ice velocities, the proposed method can accurately estimate vehicle position up to 1.2 km from the deployment ship given sufficient satellite beacon separation. Decreased beacon separation results in divergence of the vehicle's position estimate at large standoff distances from the ship. We conclude with suggestions for future improvements.
MEMS Phase Shifters (2003)

Microwave and millimeter-wave phase shifters are essential components in phased array antennas for telecommunications and radar applications and are currently based on ferrite materials, PIN diodes, or FET switches, There are two basic designs of phase shifters: the analog and digital approach. There are two requirements for phase shifters: 1) constant phase versus frequency and 2) linear phase versus frequency. The chapter presents a summary of the latest results on planar phase shifters using PIN diodes and GaAs FETs (MESFET, HEMT).
Analysis of Mode Characteristics for Deformed Square Resonators by FDTD Technique (2005)

The mode frequencies and quality factors (Q-factors) in two-dimensional (2-D) deformed square resonators are analyzed by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. The results show that the deformed square cavities with circular and cut corners have larger Q-factors than the perfect ones at certain conditions. For a square cavity with side length of 2 /spl mu/m and refractive index of 3.2, the mode Q-factor can increase 13 times as the perfect corners are replaced by a quarter of circle with radius of 0.3 /spl mu/m. Furthermore the blue shift with the increasing deformations is found as a result of the reduction in effective resonator area. In square cavities with periodic roughness at sidewalls which maintains the symmetry of the square, the Q-factors of the whispering gallery (WG)-like modes are still one order of magnitude larger that those of non-WG-like modes. However, the Q-factors of these two types of modes are of the same order in the square cavity with random roughness. We also find that the rectangular and rhombic deformation largely reduce the Q -factors with the increasing offset and cause the splitting of the doubly degenerate modes due to the breaking of certain symmetry properties.
Synthesis, Molecular Targets, and Antitumor Activities of Substituted Tetrahydro-1- Oxopyrano[4,3-b][1]Benzopyrans and Nanogels for Drug Delivery (2009)

A class of substituted 1H,7H-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydro-1-oxopyrano[4,3-b][1]benzopyrans (tricyclic pyrones; TPs) was synthesized from a one-pot condensation reaction of 6-substituted 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones and cyclohexenecarboxaldehydes. The reaction involves a 6pi-electrocyclic ring closing process, and stereo- and regioselectivities were examined. C3-Pyridyl-containing TPs may represent a novel synthetic class of microtubule de-stabilizing anti-cancer drugs that inhibit macromolecule synthesis, tubulin polymerization, and the proliferation of a spectrum of wild-type and multi-drug resistant tumor cell lines in vitro. A linear skeleton with a N-containing aromatic ring attached at C3 of the top A-ring, a central pyran B-ring and a six-membered bottom C-ring with no alkylation at C7 are required for the antitumor activities of the lead compounds, a 3-pyridyl benzopyran (code name H10) and its 2-pyridyl regioisomer (code name H19). In addition to interacting with the colchicine-binding site to inhibit tubulin polymerization and increase the mitotic index, these TP analogs also block the cellular transport of nucleosides to inhibit DNA synthesis more effectively than other antimitotic agents. The anticancer potential of TPs in vivo is suggested by the fact that i.p. injections of H10 decrease the growth of solid tumors in mice inoculated with lung or ovarian carcinomas. A drug-delivery system involving nanogels was studied. We incorporated the anticancer compound, 6-hydroxymethyl-1,4-anthracenedione (code name AQ10) into PEG-PEI nanogel, and found that AQ10-encapsulated nanogel PEG-PEI is significantly more effective in altering the growth of Pan 02 (pancreatic cancer) cells compared to AQ10 or nanogel PEG-PEI alone. Since AQ10 is insoluble in water, PEG-PEI encapsulation represents a way to solubilize and deliver this as well as other poorly soluble compounds.
Data from Characterization of a Large Panel of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts Representing the Clinical Heterogeneity of Human Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Patient-derived xenograft models are considered to represent the heterogeneity of human cancers and advanced preclinical models. Our consortium joins efforts to extensively develop and characterize a new collection of patient-derived colorectal cancer (CRC) models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; From the 85 unsupervised surgical colorectal samples collection, 54 tumors were successfully xenografted in immunodeficient mice and rats, representing 35 primary tumors, 5 peritoneal carcinoses and 14 metastases. Histologic and molecular characterization of patient tumors, first and late passages on mice includes the sequence of key genes involved in CRC (i.e., &lt;i&gt;APC&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;TP53&lt;/i&gt;), aCGH, and transcriptomic analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; This comprehensive characterization shows that our collection recapitulates the clinical situation about the histopathology and molecular diversity of CRC. Moreover, patient tumors and corresponding models are clustering together allowing comparison studies between clinical and preclinical data. Hence, we conducted pharmacologic monotherapy studies with standard of care for CRC (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and cetuximab). Through this extensive &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; analysis, we have shown the loss of human stroma cells after engraftment, observed a metastatic phenotype in some models, and finally compared the molecular profile with the drug sensitivity of each tumor model. Through an experimental cetuximab phase II trial, we confirmed the key role of &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; mutation in cetuximab resistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; This new collection could bring benefit to evaluate novel targeted therapeutic strategies and to better understand the basis for sensitivity or resistance of tumors from individual patients. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5314–28. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Hybrid Bloch-Anderson localization of light (2013)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Stützer, Y. V. Kartashov, V. A. Vysloukh, A. Tünnermann, V. V. Konotop, S. Nolte, L. Torner, and A. Szameit, "Hybrid Bloch-Anderson localization of light," in CLEO: 2013, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2013), paper QM1E.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Loss of the OprD Homologue Protein in Acinetobacter baumannii: Impact on Carbapenem Susceptibility (2012)

In an article recently published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , Catel-Ferreira et al. ([1][1]) demonstrated that the lack of OprD in Acinetobacter baumannii did not affect imipenem and meropenem susceptibilities compared with those of the wild-type parent and suggest that an A. baumannii
How Many Beams Does Sub-THz Channel Support? (2021)

Antenna, radio frequency (RF) circuit, algorithm, and system researchers on sub-THz RF are interested in knowing characteristics of corresponding radio channels. Among other things, a relevant question is the number of beams supported by the channel. From wideband directional propagation measurements one can estimate how many significant paths are present in a measurement location, but interpreting that to separable beams is not trivial. In this letter, we introduce three methods to approximate the number of beams that a measured power angular delay profile can support. We show also example evaluations and distribution functions of beam numbers, estimated from indoor D-band measurement data.
Digital Convergence and the Externalization of Intelligence (2012)

This paper examines digital convergence, focusing on its technical and cultural dimension, and discusses what implications digital convergence could have for our understanding of the nature of human cognition. For the analysis of the technical dimension of digital convergence, three conceptual layers are distinguished: physical, code?logical, and content layers. The dynamics of digital convergence is explicated by highlighting the role which the inter?layer, i.e., digitalized code?logical layer, is playing in mediating content?layer and physical?layer. For the analysis of cultural dimension of digital convergence, we invoke the notion of “externalization of intelligence,” according to which the digital devices such as the iPhone should be viewed as being not so much mere passive tools as externalizations of human mind. Based on this thesis, we contend that the ultimate form of convergence obtains not between contents or hardware, but between the human and environment (or instrument). We predict this would cause a radical change in the way we understand the concept of agency and selfhood. For example, human agent will delegates much of her cognitive authority to a digital device that is an externalization of her mind, and the boundary of one’s self needs to be drawn differently from the traditional boundary based on one’s body.
Experimental demonstration of a self-optimised multi-bit-rate optical network (2010)

This paper proposes an innovative self-managed optical network architecture for heterogenous transparent optical networks. A self-optimized dynamic network testbed that comprises multiple multi bit-rate ligthpaths on a mesh topology that utilizes a dark fiber link has been implemented and evaluated.
Analysis of nuclear fiber cell compaction in transparent and cataractous diabetic human lenses by scanning electron microscopy (2003)

As in non-diabetic lenses, the inner nuclei of cataractous lenses from diabetics were significantly more compacted than those of non-cataractous diabetics. Little difference between diabetic and non-diabetic compaction levels was found, suggesting that diabetes does not affect the degree of compaction. However, consistent with previous proposals, diabetes does appear to accelerate the formation of cataracts that are similar to age-related nuclear cataracts in non-diabetics. We conclude that as scattering increases in the diabetic lens with cataract formation, fiber cell compaction is significant.
Impact of dose reduction and iterative model reconstruction on multi-detector CT imaging of the brain in patients with suspected ischemic stroke (2021)

Non-contrast cerebral computed tomography (CT) is frequently performed as a first-line diagnostic approach in patients with suspected ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of hybrid and model-based iterative image reconstruction for standard-dose (SD) and low-dose (LD) non-contrast cerebral imaging by multi-detector CT (MDCT). We retrospectively analyzed 131 patients with suspected ischemic stroke (mean age: 74.2 ± 14.3 years, 67 females) who underwent initial MDCT with a SD protocol (300 mAs) as well as follow-up MDCT after a maximum of 10 days with a LD protocol (200 mAs). Ischemic demarcation was detected in 26 patients for initial and in 64 patients for follow-up imaging, with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirming ischemia in all of those patients. The non-contrast cerebral MDCT images were reconstructed using hybrid (Philips "iDose4") and model-based iterative (Philips "IMR3") reconstruction algorithms. Two readers assessed overall image quality, anatomic detail, differentiation of gray matter (GM)/white matter (WM), and conspicuity of ischemic demarcation, if any. Quantitative assessment included signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) calculations for WM, GM, and demarcated areas. Ischemic demarcation was detected in all MDCT images of affected patients by both readers, irrespective of the reconstruction method used. For LD imaging, anatomic detail and GM/WM differentiation was significantly better when using the model-based iterative compared to the hybrid reconstruction method. Furthermore, CNR of GM/WM as well as the SNR of WM and GM of healthy brain tissue were significantly higher for LD images with model-based iterative reconstruction when compared to SD or LD images reconstructed with the hybrid algorithm. For patients with ischemic demarcation, there was a significant difference between images using hybrid versus model-based iterative reconstruction for CNR of ischemic/contralateral unaffected areas (mean ± standard deviation: SD_IMR: 4.4 ± 3.1, SD_iDose: 3.5 ± 2.3, P < 0.0001; LD_IMR: 4.6 ± 2.9, LD_iDose: 3.2 ± 2.1, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, model-based iterative reconstruction provides higher CNR and SNR without significant loss of image quality for non-enhanced cerebral MDCT.
Progress in Cloning Embryos from Domesticated Livestock (1996)

The techniques necessary to successfully clone embryos by nuclear transfer have been developed in the last half of this century and applied to domestic animals in the last decade. The concept of transferring nuclei from early embryos to oocytes to coerce the nuclei to recapitulate the early developmental events is credited to Spemann (1). Spemann's interest was a question of nuclear equivalence or commitment. The techniques initially developed in amphibians (2) have also allowed the researcher to “clone” an embryo. Nowadays, individuals often clone genes or portions of a DNA molecule from a nucleus(i); in contrast, this nuclear transfer technique permits cloning of the entire genome and the creation of animals that have identical nuclear genomes. Because many excellent reviews have been written on the subject of cloning by nuclear transfer (3, 4) and a similar review was presented in this journal earlier (5), the focus here will be an update of our understanding since that time and will highlight one of my interests: nuclear reprogramming. The review will begin with a general review of the current status of the techniques and a discussion of nuclear reprogramming and oocyte activation. This section will be followed by examples of some general problems of having embryos in vitro, and the review will finish with a discussion of the development of embryonic stem cells and the direction in which this leads. The techniques for cloning by nuclear transfer were initially developed by Briggs and King in 1952 (2) for use in amphibians. In general, the procedures use unfertilized oocytes and donor nuclei. Chromosomes from unfertilized recipient oocytes are removed or destroyed with a micropipette or by exposure to ultraviolet irradiation, respectively. Next, the cells from a donor embryo or cell line are dispersed, and individual cells are aspirated into a micropipette.
Toll-like receptor and its roles in myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (2011)

The innate immune system, mediated via toll-like receptors (TLRs), represents the first line of defensive mechanisms that protects hosts from invading microbial pathogens. TLRs are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and are pathologically activated by a set of pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TLRs deliver signals via a specific intracellular signaling pathway involving distinctive adaptor proteins and protein kinases, and ultimately initiate transcriptional factors resulting in inflammatory responses. TLR4 is a paramount type of TLRs, located in the heart, and plays an important role in mediating myocardial ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Loss-of-function experiments and animal models using genetic techniques have found that the MyD88-independent and the MyD88-dependent pathways together participate in the pathological process of myocardial I/R injury. Some other distinctive signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKt and AMPK/ERK pathways, interacting with the TLR4 signaling pathway, were also found to be causes of myocardial I/R injury. These different pathways activate a series of downstream transcriptional factors, produced a great quantity of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL, TNF, and initiate inflammatory response. This results in cardiac injury and dysfunction, such as myocardial stunning, no reflow phenomenon, reperfusion arrhythmias and lethal reperfusion injury, and other related complication such as ventricular remodeling. In the future, blockades aimed at blocking the signaling pathway could benefit developments in pharmacology.<br />
A Terephthalato‐Bridged NiII Complex Capped with a Nonchelating Ligand Displays a Three‐Dimensional Supramolecular Network Constructed by Coordination and Multi‐Intermolecular Forces (2005)

Abstract A new tp‐bridged complex [Ni(pyrazole) 4 (tp)] n ( 1 ; tp = terephthalate) coordinated with a nonchelating pyrazole ligand has been synthesized and characterized using X‐ray structure determination and magnetic studies. The crystal structure reveals that the capping ligand functions as a source of hydrogen bonding and intermolecular contacts, such as π–π and CH–π interactions, that result in a three‐dimensional supramolecular assembly. Weak antiferromagnetic couplings are transmitted between Ni II centers through the tp linkage. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
La modélisation au service de l’autosurveillance ? Complémentarité Mesures et Modélisation sur le cas de Saint Malo (2006)

This paper proposes, after the description of the site, to describe and illustrate the ways used for realization of the selfmonitoring of the sewer network of Saint Malo.The idea is to use measurements for the main CSO's (more as 600 kg BOD5/d) and to supplement metrology by modelling at the secondary points (between 120 and 600 kg BOD5/d).This proposal was all the more logical as the hydraulic and pollution model exist and is already operational, with performances compatible with the objectives (particularly in pollution).This way represents clearly a new alternative to be able to estimate more than 80% of the potential pollution loads of the community rejected to the receiving water.Nevertheless, the use of the modelling as estimate tool must obligatorily be considered jointly with a permanent confrontation with measurements.The Decision Support Tool built for the operational use on site, comprising four modes (of which first is dedicated to the self-monitoring), using like engine of calculation the InfoworksTM CS software, was installed on site and will be operational soon.
Thyrosin kinase inhibitors: nilotinib (2009)

Nilotinib is an aminopyrimidine derivative that inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the chimeric protein BCR-ABL. The unregulated activity of the ABL tyrosine kinase in the BCR-ABL protein causes CML, and inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity is key to the treatment of the disorder. Nilotinib acts via competitive inhibition at the binding site of the BCR-ABL protein in a similar manner to imatinib, although nilotinib has a higher binding affinity and selectivity for the ABL kinase. Once bound to the ATPbinding site, nilotinib inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins involved in BCR-ABLmediated intracellular signal transduction. The inhibitory activity of nilotinib in CML cell is markedly higher than that of imatinib. In sensitive CML cell lines, the inhibitory ctivity of nilotinib is 20-50 times that of imatinib. For example, mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of cellular BCR-ABL autophosphorylation and proliferation of Ba/F3 BCRABL cells were 21 and 25 nmol/L, respectively, for nilotinib compared with 220 and 649 nmol/L for imatinib. The inhibitory activity of nilotinib is 3- to 7- fold that of imatinib in imatinibresistant. Nilotinib demonstrated inhibitory activity in 32 of 33 imatinib-resistant CML cell lines The only BCR-ABL mutant that was not inhibited by nilotinib was T315I.
Efficient high-power VECSEL generates 20 W continuous-wave radiation in a fundamental transverse mode (2009)

We demonstrate a 960-nm VECSEL generating 20 W continuous-wave output power in TEM00transverse mode. The highly efficient laser has a slope efficiency of 49% and an overall optical-to-optical efficiency of 43%.
Asymmetric Henry Reaction with an M-HMMS-SupportedCopper Complex (2010)

The chiral bis(oxazoline)-copper complex 3 immobilized on magnetically separable mesocellular mesopourus silica (M-HMMS silica) was prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2 with 1 followed by treatment with Cu(OAc)2. The immobilized copper complex 3 catalyzed the asymmetric Henry reaction of benzaldehydes with nitromethane to give the corresponding products in up to 97% yield and 84% ee.
PAHs Released From Coal Tars and Potential Removal Using Nanocatalysts (2019)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Information on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Formation of PAHs Sources of PAHs Environmental Occurrence of PAHs Possible Health Impact of PAHs Pollutants Review of General Methods and Systems Used to Control Organic Contaminants in Water Principles of Photocatalysis Light Sources Different Types of Composites Used for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants Strategies for Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity Factors Affecting Photocatalytic Degradation Efficiency Synthesis Methods Characterization Techniques Conclusion Acknowledgments
Bacteriophage T4 alc gene product: general inhibitor of transcription from cytosine-containing DNA (1981)

The alc gene of bacteriophage T4 was originally defined on the basis of mutations which allow late protein synthesis directed by T4 DNA containing cytosine rather than hydroxymethylcytosine. The question remained whether the normal alc gene product (gpalc) also blocks the transcription of early genes from cytosine-containing DNA. Complementation experiments were performed between hydroxymethylcytosine-containing phage which direct gpalc synthesis but carry mutations in a given gene(s) and cytosine-containing phage carrying that gene(s). The required protein would then have to be directed by the cytosine-containing DNA: it is looked for directly on polyacrylamide gels or through its physiological effects or both. For all early proteins examined in this way, no synthesis was observed when 95 to 100% of the hydroxymethylcytosine was substituted by cytosine in the infecting DNA, whereas there was significant synthesis with 75% substitution or less. The results indicate that gpalc is carried in with the infecting DNA or is made very early to block transcription of all cytosine-containing DNA.