gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Carbazole Derivative, BMVC: a Potential Antitumor Agent and Fluorescence Marker of Cancer Cells (2004)

We have investigated a novel compound, 3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole diiodide (BMVC), for inhibiting telomerase activity and distinguishing human lung H1299 and oral Ca9-22 cancer cells from lung IMR90 and skin Detroit-551 normal fibroblast cells. The telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay shows that the concentration of BMVC that inhibits 50% of the telomerase activity (IC50) is ca. 0.05 microM. On the other hand, the cell-viability assay indicates that the cytotoxicity was less than 15% to the H1299 and Ca9-22 cancer cells, and almost negligible to the MRC-5 and Detroit-551 normal cells after incubation with 0.5 microM BMVC for 72 h. The low concentration of 0.05 microM of BMVC can inhibit telomerase activity but does not have general toxic effects to normal cells, implying that BMVC is a promising telomerase inhibitor. Moreover, wide-field fluorescence images of 0.1 microM BMVC-treated cells show bright fluorescence spots in the nuclei of the most H1299 and Ca9-22 cancer cells. Interestingly, similar fluorescence spots are hardly observed in the nuclei of the IMR90 and Detroit-551 normal cells, implying that BMVC might be a useful marker to distinguish tumor cells and normal cells.
Detecting dynamic occlusion in front of static backgrounds for AR scenes (2003)

Correctly finding and handling occlusion between virtual and real objects in an Augmented Reality scene is essential for achieving visual realism. Here, we present an approach for detecting occlusion of virtual parts of the scene by natural occluders. Our algorithm is based on a graphical model of static backgrounds in the natural surroundings, which has to be acquired beforehand. The design of the approach aims at providing real-time performance and an easy integration into existing AR systems. No assumptions about the shape or color of occluding objects are required. The algorithm has been tested with several graphical models.
Genetic investigations on causes of male infertility in Western Saudi Arabia (2019)

In recent years, genetic studies have yielded great progress in elucidating causes of male infertility. This investigation aims to identify frequent genetic abnormalities, that is, sex chromosome aneuploidies and Y-chromosome microdeletions among infertile men in Western Saudi Arabia. From a population of infertile patients, 88 male patients with either azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) were selected. In addition to a thorough clinical workup, karyotypes and Y-chromosomal microdeletions were investigated. Among those 88 infertile patients, we detected six patients with Klinefelter syndrome, two with 47 XYY syndrome and two with Y-chromosome microdeletions AZFb,c. While the prevalence of sex chromosome aneuploidies was in the range of globally investigated populations, the microdeletions appeared to be less frequent in Western Saudi Arabia compared to other regions of the world. All genetically abnormal cases showed sperm concentration <1 million/ml, and hence, this appears to be the threshold for warranting genetic investigations in Western Saudi Arabia. Since Klinefelter and 47 XYY syndromes were only discovered late in life, upon an infertility investigation, sex chromosome aneuploidies due to their many-fold comorbidities require earlier medical attention. A neonatal screening programme is suggested for detection of these aneuploidies in Saudi Arabia for the general health benefit of these patients.
Modulation of diamide toxicity in thermotolerant cells by inhibition of protein synthesis. (1989)

Chinese hamster ovary cells were exposed in vitro to various concentrations of diamide for 1 h at 37 degrees C. This treatment resulted in a dose dependent increase in cytotoxicity. Cells were also heated at 43 degrees C for 15 min, incubated at 37 degrees C for 3 h, and then exposed to various concentrations of diamide. This heat shock has been shown previously to trigger the synthesis of heat shock proteins and the development of thermotolerance. Further, under these experimental conditions both were inhibited if protein synthesis was inhibited by exposure to cycloheximide (M. L. Freeman et al., Radiat. Res., 112: 195-203, 1987). Diamide toxicity was diminished in cells made thermotolerant by the 43 degrees C/15-min heat shock. For example, at the highest dose used, 0.8 mM, survival increased from 0.93% to 6.1%. However, diamide toxicity was unaffected if the cells were exposed to diamide 3 h after a 43 degrees C/60 min heat shock. This latter heat shock produced significant inhibition of protein synthesis whereas the 15-min heat shock did not (M. L. Freeman et al., Cancer Res., 48: 7033-7037, 1988). Further, a 43 degrees C/15-min heat shock did not confer protection against diamide toxicity if the cells were simultaneously exposed to cycloheximide. Exposure to 0.8 mM diamide was shown to oxidize specific cellular proteins as measured by 2-dimensional thiol blotting. However, the degree of protein thiol modification was not affected by a prior heat shock. Nor did the heat shock increase the intracellular concentration of glutathione or the activity of glutathione reductase. The diamide treatment caused specific, as opposed to general, protein thiol oxidation and heat shock did not prevent this. It is hypothesized that it was the oxidation of protein thiols which led to cellular toxicity. Protein synthesis, triggered by heat shock, protected cells from the diamide toxicity without preventing protein thiol modification. These results suggest that the proteins synthesized after heat shock can provide protection against the consequences of aberrant proteins produced by thiol oxidation.
Esophageal resection for high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma: When and how? (2010)

High-grade dysplasia (HGD) and intramucosal carcinoma (IMC) in the setting of Barrett's esophagus have traditionally been treated with esophagectomy. However, with the advent of endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic ablative therapies, endoscopic therapy at centers with expertise is now an established treatment of Barrett's-esophagus-related neoplasia, including HGD and IMC. Esophagectomy is today reserved for more selected cases with submucosal invasion, evidence for lymph node metastasis, or unsuccessful endoscopic therapy.
Community clusters of tsunami vulnerability in the US Pacific Northwest (2015)

Many coastal communities throughout the world are threatened by local (or near-field) tsunamis that could inundate low-lying areas in a matter of minutes after generation. Although the hazard and sustainability literature often frames vulnerability conceptually as a multidimensional issue involving exposure, sensitivity, and resilience to a hazard, assessments often focus on one element or do not recognize the hazard context. We introduce an analytical framework for describing variations in population vulnerability to tsunami hazards that integrates (i) geospatial approaches to identify the number and characteristics of people in hazard zones, (ii) anisotropic path distance models to estimate evacuation travel times to safety, and (iii) cluster analysis to classify communities with similar vulnerability. We demonstrate this approach by classifying 49 incorporated cities, 7 tribal reservations, and 17 counties from northern California to northern Washington that are directly threatened by tsunami waves associated with a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake. Results suggest three primary community groups: (i) relatively low numbers of exposed populations with varied demographic sensitivities, (ii) high numbers of exposed populations but sufficient time to evacuate before wave arrival, and (iii) moderate numbers of exposed populations but insufficient time to evacuate. Results can be used to enhance general hazard-awareness efforts with targeted interventions, such as education and outreach tailored to local demographics, evacuation training, and/or vertical evacuation refuges.
A better approach to molecular implantation (2007)

A new approach to molecular implantation is presented. This is based on the use of carborane, a large and thermally stable boron molecule that can be ionized in a standard ion source. The modifications that are needed to allow it to run on a Varian VIISta HCS high current tool are discussed. Data is presented to show that the tool can use carborane for high productivity, energy contamination free boron implants. Data is also presented to demonstrate that this additional capability does not change the tool's performance for other species and implants. The operation of the tool is described along with productivity and process data for 32 nm logic applications. Electrical data is also presented that illustrates excellent device performance.
Polysulfated Carbohydrates Analyzed as Ion-paired Complexes with Basic Peptides and Proteins Using Electrospray Negative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1997)

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used in the negative ion mode to analyze complexes of sucrose octasulfate, sucrose heptasulfate and sulfated alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins with synthetically prepared basic peptides, the basic protein ubiquitin and polyamines. The spectra presented demonstrate that complexes with these basic molecules facilitate the analysis of these polysulfated oligosaccharides. Stable (1:1) complexes result from the ion pairing between the protonated basic arginine and lysine residues of the peptide and the anionic sulfate groups of the polysulfated oligosaccharides. Fragmentation of the polysulfated oligosaccharides resulting in the loss of SO3 could be suppressed by controlling the experimental conditions, such as the nozzle-skimmer voltage, used to obtain the spectra. In the absence of fragmentation, it was possible to obtain data on the purity of sucrose octasulfate and sucrose heptasulfate as well as the distribution of the sulfated cyclodextrins. The confounding presence of sodium counter-ions is also eliminated using this method. Complete chemical sulfation of oligosaccharides is difficult to achieve. Thus, data on sample purity are essential for the characterization of sulfated oligosaccharides used as pharmaceutical agents.
Construction of a Borole Ligand from Coordinated Diene and B(C6F5)3via Successive C−H Activation Steps:  A Case of Catalyst Self-Activation (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTConstruction of a Borole Ligand from Coordinated Diene and B(C6F5)3 via Successive C−H Activation Steps: A Case of Catalyst Self-ActivationGerardo Jiménez Pindado, Simon J. Lancaster, Mark Thornton-Pett, and Manfred BochmannView Author Information School of Chemistry, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 27, 6816–6817Publication Date (Web):June 23, 1998Publication History Received31 March 1998Published online23 June 1998Published inissue 13 June 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/ja981069yCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views517Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (46 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Polymerization Get e-Alerts
Cross-modal search for fashion attributes (2017)

In this paper we develop a neural network which learns inter-modal representations for fashion attributes to be utilized in a cross-modal search tool. Our neural network learns from organic e-commerce data, which is characterized by clean image material, but noisy and incomplete product descriptions. First, we experiment with techniques to segment e-commerce images and their product descriptions into respectively image and text fragments denoting fashion attributes. Here, we propose a rule-based image segmentation approach which exploits the cleanness of e-commerce images. Next, we design an objective function which encourages our model to induce a common embedding space where a semantically related image fragment and text fragment have a high inner product. This objective function incorporates similarity information of image fragments to obtain better intermodal representations. A key insight is that similar looking image fragments should be described with the same text fragments. We explicitly require this in our objective function, and as such recover information which was lost due to noise and incompleteness in the product descriptions. We evaluate the inferred intermodal representations in cross-modal search. We demonstrate that the neural network model trained with our objective function on image fragments acquired with our rule-based segmentation approach improves the results of image search with textual queries by 198% for recall@1 and by 181% for recall@5 compared to results obtained by a state-of-the-art image search system on the same benchmark dataset.
State of Mind: Classification through Self-reported Affect and Word Use in Speech. (2018)

Human state-of-mind (SOM; e.g.: perception, cognition, attention) constantly shifts due to internal and external demands.Mental health is influenced by the habitual use of either adaptive or maladaptive SOM.Therefore, the training of conscious regulation of SOM could be promising in self-help (e-and m-health), blended care and psychotherapy.The presented study indicates that SOM can be influenced by telling personal narratives.Furthermore, SOM and narrative sentiment (positive vs. negative) can be predicted through word use.Such results lay the groundwork for the development of applications that analyse text and speech for: i) the early detection of mental health; ii) the early detection of maladaptive changes in emotion dynamics; (iii) the use of personal narratives to improve emotion regulation skills; iv) the distribution of tailored interventions; and finally, v) the evaluation of therapy outcome.
LOT-ECC: Localized and tiered reliability mechanisms for commodity memory systems (2012)

Memory system reliability is a serious and growing concern in modern servers. Existing chipkill-level memory protection mechanisms suffer from several draw-backs. They activate a large number of chips on every memory access - this increases energy consumption, and reduces performance due to the reduction in rank-level parallelism. Additionally, they increase access granularity, resulting in wasted bandwidth in the absence of sufficient access locality. They also restrict systems to use narrow-I/O ×4 devices, which are known to be less energy-efficient than the wider ×8 DRAM devices. In this paper, we present LOT-ECC, a localized and multi-tiered protection scheme that attempts to solve these problems. We separate error detection and error correction functionality, and employ simple checksum and parity codes effectively to provide strong fault-tolerance, while simultaneously simplifying implementation. Data and codes are localized to the same DRAM row to improve access efficiency. We use system firmware to store correction codes in DRAM data memory and modify the memory controller to handle data mapping. We thus build an effective fault-tolerance mechanism that provides strong reliability guarantees, activates as few chips as possible (reducing power consumption by up to 44.8% and reducing latency by up to 46.9%), and reduces circuit complexity, all while working with commodity DRAMs and operating systems. Finally, we propose the novel concept of a heterogeneous DIMM that enables the extension of LOT-ECC to ×16 and wider DRAM parts.
Multiscale characterization and experimentation on particulate reinforced composites (2013)

The addition of particulate additives has long been used as a method to adjust and design material systems for specific loading conditions. The transfer of loading to particulate additives can result in added toughness and can change ductility, among other properties. These changes are a function of many factors including the size, concentration, mechanical properties, interaction strength and dispersion of the particles. Recent advancements in scientific knowledge and manufacturing techniques have guided research towards the inclusion of particles with characteristic lengths measuring less than 100 nm and a renewed interested in particulate reinforced materials. This reduction in particle size can provide a drastic increase in the surface area between particle and matrix, which can theoretically provide increased load transfer and increased toughening. The reduction in particle size does result in a series of additional manufacturing and analysis challenges, namely the dispersing of particles for optimum load transfer and bulk response and the imaging of the particles in a representative and repeatable manner. In addition, the large surface area interactions tend to cause the particles to agglomerate, creating areas of high stress concentration and a reduction in bulk properties. Three novel characterization techniques will be presented in this article to discuss the effects of ZnO nanoparticle reinforcement of polymer materials and discussion over varying length scales.
Characterization of Ultra‐Thin Temperature‐Responsive Polymer Layer and Its Polymer Thickness Dependency on Cell Attachment/Detachment Properties (2010)

Ultra thin poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) modified glass coverslips (PIAPAm-CS) using electron beam irradiation exhibited a clear relationship between the polymer thickness and thermal cell adhesion/detachment behavior. The polymer thickness dependency and the characteristic of ultra thin PIPAAm layer, has been illustrated in terms of the molecular motion of the modified PIPAAm chains. PIPAAm-CSs surfaces with various area-polymer densities and thicknesses were characterized by AFM and protein adsorption assay. The newly obtained results gave a further insight into the illustration. Finally, the future application of intelligent surfaces was discussed for fabricating tissue and organ.
Dual CP Polarization Diversity and Space Diversity Antennas Enabled by a Compact T-Shaped Feed Structure (2019)

A compact T-shaped feed structure (TFS) is reported that enables the realization of two types of diversity antennas: a polarization diversity antenna (PDA) and a spatial diversity antenna (SDA). Both systems have a high potential for mobile wireless communication applications. The TFS includes four ports and two independent coaxial channels with effective isolation between them all. The PDA is a dual CP omnidirectional antenna. Its optimized prototype achieves measured impedance bandwidths of 16.4% and 15.28% in its LHCP and RHCP states, respectively, and realized gains in both between 4.8 and 6.46 dBic. The inner thin coaxial cable (ITCC) of the TFS directly drives its LHCP subsystem, facilitating its improved omnidirectional performance. This ITCC is also used to directly feed the SDA's low-profile directional planar equiangular spiral antenna and its side port drives its omnidirectional RHCP antenna. Good hemispherical coverage is realized with a measured common impedance bandwidth larger than 14.35% with more than 40-dB isolation between its two ports. The corresponding measured realized gain of the SDA is between 4 and 7.8 dBic. The measured results for both optimized prototypes confirm their simulated performance characteristics.
Growth and spectroscopic ellipsometry evaluation of composite layers of ErAs and InAs nanoparticles (2013)

Metal nanoparticles coupled to semiconductor quantum dots have been studied recently due to the enhancement in absorption, emission, and nonlinearities expected from these hybrid structures. These properties stem from the ability of the metal to focus light as well as shift the phase, which occurs at the metal–dielectric interface. To date, most quantum dots metal nanoparticle couples are formed by the attachment of a ligand to both particles. The extension of this idea to bulk semiconductor films is being attempted by the formation of a composite structure of ErAs, which forms semimetallic nanoparticles (SMNP) in GaAs, and InAs self-assembled quantum dots (SAQD). In this work, the authors analyze structures composed of periods of InAs SAQDs and ErAs SMNPs and analyze these with spectroscopic ellipsometry in the spectral region 0.7–4.0 eV with 0.02 eV steps. Initially, individual structures composed of InAs SAQD stacks or ErAs SMNP stacks, both capped with layers of GaAs, are analyzed. The authors have also analyzed the films with high-resolution x-ray diffraction. The structural parameters from x-ray models are used in conjunction with the spectroscopic ellipsometry data to extract the homogenized refractive index for the individual stacks. The properties of these films are then used to calculate the properties of a composite structure composed of eight repeats of periods, which contain a growth sequence used to form the stacks of InAs SAQDs and ErAs SMNPs. The authors find that this composite structure is best modeled with a Bruggeman effective medium mixture of the two component stacks and a thin intermediate layer of constant index of refraction to account for the reflections at the boundaries between the periods.
BILIARY OBSTRUCTION AFER TIPS PLACEMENT IN A LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT (2020)

Aims Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a method conventionally used in portal hypertension treatment. Refractory ascites and variceal bleeding are the most common indications. Complications frequently observed include bleeding and development of liver encephalopathy, those affecting the biliary tree as bilioportal fistula and biliary stenosis are much less common. Placement of TIPS in a liver transplant patient is rare and implicate a technically challenging procedure.