gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring and Making Sense of Large Graphs (2015)

Abstract : Graphs naturally represent information ranging from links between webpages to friendships in social networks, to connections between neurons in our brains. These graphs often span billions of nodes and interactions between them. Within this deluge of interconnected data, how can we find the most important structures and summarize them? How can we efficiently visualize them? How can we detect anomalies that indicate critical events, such as an attack on a computer system, disease formation in the human brain, or the fall of a company? To gain insights into these problems, this thesis focuses on developing scalable, principled discovery algorithms that combine globality with locality to make sense of one or more graphs. In addition to our fast algorithmic methodologies, we also contribute graph-theoretical ideas and models, and real-world applications in two main areas. Single-Graph Exploration: We show how to interpretably summarize a single graph by identifying its important graph structures. We complement summarization with inference, which leverages information about few entities (obtained via summarization or other methods) and the network structure to efficiently and effectively learn information about the unknown entities. Multiple-Graph Exploration: We extend the idea of single-graph summarization to time-evolving graphs, and show how to scalably discover temporal patterns. Apart from summarization, we claim that graph similarity is often the underlying problem in a host of applications where multiple graphs occur (e.g., temporal anomaly detection, discovery of behavioral patterns), and we present principled, scalable algorithms for aligning networks and measuring their similarity. We leverage techniques from diverse areas, such as matrix algebra, graph theory, optimization, information theory, machine learning, finance, and social science, to solve real-world problems.
Circe’s Victims: Are We Too Easily Seduced by the Siren Song of Mathematical Physics? (2018)

"Circe’s Victims: Are We Too Easily Seduced by the Siren Song of Mathematical Physics?." Psychological Inquiry, 29(4), pp. 194–195
A vehicle routing problem with dynamic demands and restricted failures solved using stochastic predictive control (2019)

In this paper, we describe a vehicle routing problem representing real-time route scheduling for an agent delivering services to customers where the service demands are dynamically evolving. A failure is defined as an occurrence of service demand overload at a customer location. A stochastic predictive control algorithm applied to a partially observable Markov decision process model is used to solve the routing problem, minimizing the service agent's travel effort while maintaining the occurrence rate of failures to be low.
Determination of Total N-Nitroso Compounds in Biological Fluids By Photolytic Denitrosation and Thermal Energy Analysis (1993)

ABSTRACT Quantification of total N-nitroso compounds (NOC) in urine and gastric juice is achieved by combining photolytic denitrosation with thermal energy analysis. The minimum mass detection limit of the technique is about 10 pmole No. Urine samples with NOC concentration as low as 200 nmolL−1 can be analyzed with a precision of approximately 5-10%. The minimum concentration detection limit for gastric juice samples is about 1 μmolL−1. Except for nitrite, no interference is observed from nitrogenous compounds present in urine and gastric juice. The nitrite interference is effectively eliminated with sulphamic acid.
Jones 골절에서 유한요소해석을 이용한 골수강내 나사고정술과 양측피질골 나사고정술의 비교 - 예비 보고 - (2014)

Intramedullary screw fixation and bicortical screw fixation are widely used operation methods in the surgical treatment of Jones fractures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate of mechnical stability in two kind of Jones fracture. Using Mimics, three-dimensional models of the fifth metatarsal were reconstructed form computed tomography images of a 23-year-old Korean healthy male. Normal and osteoporotic bone models were made by changing bone density or thickness of cortical and cancellous bone. Two kinds of fixation techniques, i.e., intramedullary and bicortical screw fixation models, were simulated and muscles forces related to the fifth metatarsal base were applied. Maximum contact pressure difference were measured as 20,818 MPa, 12,155 MPa in normal bone, 23,371 MPa, 13,765 MPa in 85% cancellous osteoporotic bone, 24,310 MPa and 14,264 MPa in 75% cancellos osteoporotic model, 21,337 MPa, 20,971 MPa in .0.5 mm cortical osteoporotic bone, 26,322 MPa and 36,153 MPa in .1 mm cortical osteoporotic model, respectively for intramedullary screw fixation and bicortical screw fixation. Displacements on fracture interface were 0.208 mm, 0.126 mm in normal bone while 0.229 mm, 0.127 mm in 85% cancellos osteoporotic model, 0.241 mm, 0.127 mm in 75% cancellos osteoporotic model, 0.223 mm, 0.271 mm in .0.5 mm cortical osteoporotic model, 0.292 mm, 0.480 mm in .1 mm cortical osteoporotic model, respectively for intramedullary screw fixation and bicortical screw fixation. Bicortical screw fixation is superior in mechanical stability than intramedullary screw fixation for normal bone quality Jones fractures. For cortical osteoporotic bone Jones fractures, however, intramedullary screw fixation can give a better mechanical stability than bicortical screw fixation.
<title>Review of rapid thermal processing: system design and applications</title> (1992)

Issues of rapid thermal processing (RTP) system design and process applications are reviewed. Temperature measurement is the most important and limiting factor in current RTP systems. Problems related to the temperature measurement and control and potential solutions are discussed. Process uniformity control is another important issue in RTP system design. Reactor chamber design, selection and arrangement of heat source, as well as issues related to dislocation generation, patterned and doped wafer, and ramp-up (down) thennal cycle are considered. Experimental results (RTO, RTCVD silicon nitride and polysilicon) based on an in-house RTP system developed in our laboratory are taken as examples to demonstrate the process applications and system requirements for single wafer processing.
Structure of the Carbohydrate Units of IgA1 Immunoglobulin (1974)

Abstract The carbohydrate composition of an IgA (α1 subtype) myeloma protein has been determined. The carbohydrate, present only on the heavy chain, was found to consist of 3 moles of sialic acid, 9 mole of galactose, 5.4 moles of mannose, 0.8 moles of fucose, 8.8 moles of N-acetylglucosamine, and 5 moles of N-acetylgalactosamine per mole of heavy chain. Four major glycopeptide-containing fractions were isolated following pronase degradation of the protein. Glycopeptide I consisted of galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, threonine, serine, and proline in the molar ratio 4:5:4:5:9. Each of the N-acetylgalactosamine residues was found to be involved in an O-glycosidic linkage, demonstrating that there are five O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharide units per heavy chain. The structure of this glycopeptide is presented in the following paper (Baenziger, J., and Kornfeld, S. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 7270–7281. The three other glycopeptide fractions contained 1 to 2 residues of sialic acid, 0 to 0.7 residue of fucose, 2 residues of galactose, 3 residues of mannose, 4 to 5 residues of N-acetylglucosamine, and 1 residue of asparagine. Glycopeptide IIA was a homogeneous glycopeptide with the following structure: Glycopeptide fractions IIB and IIC did not appear to be homogeneous, but instead each contained 2 glycopeptides. In both cases, one of the glycopeptides was probably the disialyl form of IIA containing a residue of sialic acid linked α2,6 to the terminal galactose. The other glycopeptide had 2 rather than 3 nonreducing termini arising from the core mannose. Both of these terminated in sialic acid and had the same sequence as that found for the sialic acid-containing terminus of IIA. These termini arose from positions 3 and 6 of the core mannose. The core of this glycopeptide differed from that of IIA in having a residue of fucose which was most likely linked α1,6 to the N-acetylglucosamine involved in the N-glycosidic linkage to the peptide.
Locally efficient estimation of the survival distribution with right-censored data and covariates when collection of data is delayed (1998)

Journal Article Locally efficient estimation of the survival distribution with right-censored data and covariates when collection of data is delayed Get access MARK J. VAN DER LAAN, MARK J. VAN DER LAAN Division of Biostatistics, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, California 94720, U.S.A.laan@stat.berkeley.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ALAN E. HUBBARD ALAN E. HUBBARD Division of Biostatistics, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, California 94720, U.S.A.hubbard@stat.berkeley.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Biometrika, Volume 85, Issue 4, December 1998, Pages 771–783, https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/85.4.771 Published: 01 December 1998 Article history Received: 01 June 1997 Revision received: 01 February 1998 Published: 01 December 1998
The DASH prototype (1992)

The fundamental premise behind the DASH project is that it is feasible to build large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors with hardware cache coherence. While paper studies and software simulators are useful for understanding many high-level design trade-offs, prototypes are essential to ensure that no critical details are overlooked. A prototype provides convincing evidence of the feasibility of the design allows one to accurately estimate both the hardware and the complexity cost of various features, and provides a platform for studying real workloads. A 16-processor prototype of the DASH multiprocessor has been operational for the last six months. In this paper, the hardware overhead of directory-based cache coherence in the prototype is examined. We also discuss the performance of the system, and the speedups obtained by parallel applications running on the prototype. Using a sophisticated hardware performance monitor, we characterize the effectiveness of coherent caches and the relationship between an application's reference behavior and its speedup.
A NEW SPECIES OF HELMINTHOGLYPTA (GASTROPODA, PULMONATA, HELMINTHOGLYPTIDAE) FROM THE CUYAMACA MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA (1986)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Influenza vaccination: options and issues. (2005)

Currently available vaccines have similar efficacy if they are matched to the most prevalent circulating strains. They also have comparable adverse effect profiles. The choice of a specific preparation of vaccine therefore requires consideration of cost, purity of the vaccine preparation in terms of the amount of egg protein and endotoxin, allergy to different constituents of the vaccine, reactogenicity profiles, as well as the preferred route of administration. Intradermal injection of the vaccine appears to be a viable alternative to the traditional intramuscular administration with the additional benefit of requiring a smaller volume of vaccine. Despite the documented benefits in various community and institutional settings, influenza vaccination has been underutilised by most target groups. A major obstacle to broader coverage of vaccination is the perceived ineffectiveness of the vaccine and the relatively benign nature of the illness in most patients. Uptake of vaccine among target populations, especially health care workers, needs to be improved through a concerted effort between frontline clinicians and health authorities.
Market Dispersion and the Profitability of Hedge Funds (2009)

We examine the impact of market dispersion on the performance of hedge funds. Market
dispersion is measured by the cross-sectional volatility of equity returns in a given month.
Using hedge fund indices and a panel of monthly returns on individual hedge funds, we nd
that market dispersion and the performance of hedge funds are positively related. We also
nd that the cross-sectional dispersion of hedge fund returns is positively related to the level
of market dispersion.
Electroporation of rat pituitary (GH) cell lines: Optimal parameters and effects on endogenous hormone production (1990)

An efficient electroporation procedure was established for the genetic transformation of two clonal strains of hormone producing rat pituitary cells (GH12C1 and GH3). We used the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene as reporter gene to determine optimal conditions for electroporation. The conditions found to be optimal, measured as expression of the highest CAT activity, were 240-300 V and a DNA concentration of 30-60 micrograms/ml in sucrose buffer. Cell viability was then about 50 per cent. Maximum CAT activity was seen 24 hours after electroporation. The electroporation procedure, in the presence or absence of DNA, caused a transient decrease in endogenous growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) production.
A low-cost force feedback joystick and its use in PC video games (1995)

The authors have developed a low-cost and compact force feedback joystick as a new user interface to communicate with a computer. They adopted a DC-motor powered joystick to create the illusion of force to a human hand. As applications in entertainment, without modifying the source code of the PC video games, they intercept the interrupts reserved for mouse, colormap and keyboard input and replace them with a new interrupt service routine in which force effects are added for the new PC video games. Effects such as hitting a wall, pushing a spring, reaction force of firing a hand gun, and crash of a vehicle can be easily simulated, thus making haptic simulation readily available in virtual environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of solvent type on preparation of ethyl cellulose microparticles by solvent evaporation method with double emulsion system using focused beam reflectance measurement (2017)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of solvent type on the solidification rate of ethyl cellulose (EC) microparticles and particle size/distribution of emulsion droplets/hardened microparticles during the solvent evaporation process using focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). EC microparticles were prepared with a water‐in‐oil‐in‐water solvent evaporation method using various solvents, including dichloromethane, dichloromethane–methanol (1:1), ethyl acetate and chloroform. The particle size/distribution of the emulsion droplets/hardened microparticles was monitored using FBRM. The morphology of EC microparticles was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The transformation of the emulsion droplets into solid microparticles for all solvents occurred within the first 10–90 min. The square weighted mean chord length of EC microparticles prepared using chloroform was smallest, but the chord count was not the highest. The chord length distribution (CLD) measured by FBRM showed that a larger mean particle size gave longer CLD and a lower peak of particle number. SEM data revealed that the morphology of microparticles was influenced by the type of solvent. FBRM can be employed for online monitoring of the shift in the microparticle CLD and detect transformation of emulsion droplets into solid microparticles during the solvent evaporation process. The microparticle CLD and transformation process were strongly influenced by solvent type. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrahigh‐modulus fibers from rigid and semirigid aromatic polyamides (1978)

Abstract Intrinsic viscosity, concentrated‐solution viscosity, and fiber properties of poly( p ‐benzamide) (PBA) and the polyterephthalamide of p ‐aminobenzhydrazide (X‐500) are presented. PBA yields high‐modulus fibers from solution spinning of anisotropic dopes, and X‐500 yields high‐modulus fibers from isotropic solutions. Both polymers exhibit a wormlike conformation. However, with a low‐molecular‐weight PBA (10,500) an essentially rigid conformation prevails. The viscosity of both polymers goes through a maximum and a minimum on increasing polymer concentration. However, for PBA the maximum and minimum are observed at low shear stress, and for X‐500 the discontinuity is observed only at high shear rate. The initial modulus of low‐molecular‐weight PBA fibers is unaffected by LiCl concentration but increases with polymer concentration of anisotropic dopes. X‐500 (molecular weight, 41,000) is unable to form an anisotropic solution at rest. The initial modulus of X‐500 is unaffected by LiCl but depends slightly on polymer concentration. Both shear and elongational flow contributions appear to be secondary for truly stiff polymers. Orientation is controlled by polymer concentration, and the modulus of low‐molecular‐weight PBA attains the ultrahigh level even for “as‐spun” fibers. On the contrary, control of shear and elongational parameters is shown to be essential, and feasible, in order to match the as‐spun modulus of PBA, with semirigid polymers unable to form anisotropic solutions at rest.
Security considerations for active messages (1996)

Messages are generally regarded as passive since they merely act as a conveyance for information. An active message triggers processing activities at each of its recipients. A discussion is provided on the different classes of processing activities that can occur for active messages. A mechanism for ensuring the security of an active message and its associated processing operations is also outlined.
Nutritional and functional added value of oat, Kamut®, spelt, rye and buckwheat versus common wheat in breadmaking (2011)

The quality profile of associated mixtures of oat, rye, buckwheat and common wheat flours (20:20:20:40 w/w/w/w) endorsed the proposed grain blend as suitable to make highly nutritious, modern and innovative baked goods meeting functional and sensory standards in terms of nutritional added value (improved dietary fibre fractions, minerals and antioxidant activity, slower starch hydrolysis), palatability (high sensory scores), convenience (extended keepability during storage) and easy handling during processing.
Anisotropic atomic motion at undercooled crystal/melt interfaces (2010)

Dynamics of crystal growth in pure metals is investigated as a function of undercooling using molecular dynamics computer simulations. For growth on (100) in fcc and (100) in bcc metals, we observe that the atomic mobility of atoms at the interface far exceeds that in the bulk liquid and that this difference grows with increasing undercooling. The higher mobility is associated with a small fraction of atoms undergoing long jumps. These long jumps, moreover, are anisotropic, showing enhancement along closed packed directions in the crystal. The lengths of the long jumps, however, are considerably smaller than interatomic distances. The results are interpreted using a defect model of crystallization.
Characterisation of the binding of [3H]‐SB‐674042, a novel nonpeptide antagonist, to the human orexin‐1 receptor (2004)

1. This study characterises the binding of a novel nonpeptide antagonist radioligand, [(3)H]SB-674042 (1-(5-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-1-((S)-2-(5-phenyl-(1,3,4)oxadiazol-2-ylmethyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-methanone), to the human orexin-1 (OX(1)) receptor stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in both a whole cell assay and in a cell membrane-based scintillation proximity assay (SPA) format. 2. Specific binding of [(3)H]SB-674042 was saturable in both whole cell and membrane formats. Analyses suggested a single high-affinity site, with K(d) values of 3.76+/-0.45 and 5.03+/-0.31 nm, and corresponding B(max) values of 30.8+/-1.8 and 34.4+/-2.0 pmol mg protein(-1), in whole cell and membrane formats, respectively. Kinetic studies yielded similar K(d) values. 3. Competition studies in whole cells revealed that the native orexin peptides display a low affinity for the OX(1) receptor, with orexin-A displaying a approximately five-fold higher affinity than orexin-B (K(i) values of 318+/-158 and 1516+/-597 nm, respectively). 4. SB-334867, SB-408124 (1-(6,8-difluoro-2-methyl-quinolin-4-yl)-3-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-urea) and SB-410220 (1-(5,8-difluoro-quinolin-4-yl)-3-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-urea) all displayed high affinity for the OX(1) receptor in both whole cell (K(i) values 99+/-18, 57+/-8.3 and 19+/-4.5 nm, respectively) and membrane (K(i) values 38+/-3.6, 27+/-4.1 and 4.5+/-0.2 nm, respectively) formats. 5. Calcium mobilisation studies showed that SB-334867, SB-408124 and SB-410220 are all functional antagonists of the OX(1) receptor, with potencies in line with their affinities, as measured in the radioligand binding assays, and with approximately 50-fold selectivity over the orexin-2 receptor. 6. These studies indicate that [(3)H]SB-674042 is a specific, high-affinity radioligand for the OX(1) receptor. The availability of this radioligand will be a valuable tool with which to investigate the physiological functions of OX(1) receptors.
The science of visual analysis at extreme scale (2011)

Driven by market forces and spanning the full spectrum of computational devices, computer architectures are changing in ways that present tremendous opportunities and challenges for data analysis and visual analytic technologies. Leadership-class high performance computing system will have as many as a million cores by 2020 and support 10 billion-way concurrency, while laptop computers are expected to have as many as 1,000 cores by 2015. At the same time, data of all types are increasing exponentially and automated analytic methods are essential for all disciplines. Many existing analytic technologies do not scale to make full use of current platforms and fewer still are likely to scale to the systems that will be operational by the end of this decade. Furthermore, on the new architectures and for data at extreme scales, validating the accuracy and effectiveness of analytic methods, including visual analysis, will be increasingly important.
Visible Light‐Induced Aerobic Oxyamidation of Indoles: A Photocatalytic Strategy for the Preparation of Tetrahydro‐5H‐indolo[2,3‐b]quinolinols (2013)

Abstract A visible light‐induced, aerobic oxyamidation reaction of indoles, using air as the sole oxidant, has been developed. This process serves as a photocatalytic strategy to generate efficiently tetrahydro‐5 H ‐indolo[2,3‐ b ]quinolinols, which may have interesting biological and pharmacological activities owing to their privileged indoline structure.
Association Study of Gene Polymorphisms Involved in Vascular Alterations in Elderly Hypertensives with Subjective Memory Complaints (2010)

Our results suggest that the associations between arterial factors and cognitive decline or WMH are not genetically driven by the genes we investigated, at least at this early stage of cognitive decline.
A PDE-Constrained Optimization Approach to Optical Tomography (2008)

We report on the first formulation of the inverse problem in optical tomography within the framework of PDE-constrained optimization and combine Newton’s method for numerical optimization with a Krylov subspace solver. This approach leads to reduced memory requirements and increased convergence speed.
Measurement of velocity in gas mixtures: Hot‐wire and hot‐film anemometry (1971)

Abstract This paper extends the use of hot‐wire and hot‐film anemometry to the measurement of velocities in gas mixtures. It is demonstrated that the velocity data in binary gas mixtures can be satisfactorily predicted by calibration tests in pure systems alone or at any two convenient composition conditions. Furthermore, the actual transport properties of a fluid mixture may be inferred from direct calibrations of hot‐wire, or hot‐film anemometers in the mixture with known compositions.