gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Campylobacter jejuni FlpA Binds Fibronectin and Is Required for Maximal Host Cell Adherence (2009)

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most frequent bacterial causes of food-borne gastrointestinal disease in developed countries. Previous work indicates that the binding of C. jejuni to human intestinal cells is crucial for host colonization and disease. Fibronectin (Fn), a major constituent of the extracellular matrix, is a approximately 250-kDa glycoprotein present at regions of cell-to-cell contact in the intestinal epithelium. Fn is composed of three types of repeating units: type I (approximately 45 amino acids), type II (approximately 60 amino acids), and type III (approximately 90 amino acids). The deduced amino acid sequence of C. jejuni flpA (Cj1279c) contains at least three Fn type III domains. Based on the presence of the Fn type III domains, we hypothesized that FlpA contributes to the binding of C. jejuni to human INT 407 epithelial cells and Fn. We assessed the contribution of FlpA in C. jejuni binding to host cells by in vitro adherence assays with a C. jejuni wild-type strain and a C. jejuni flpA mutant and binding of purified FlpA protein to Fn by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adherence assays revealed the binding of the C. jejuni flpA mutant to INT 407 epithelial cells was significantly reduced compared with that for a wild-type strain. In addition, rabbit polyclonal serum generated against FlpA blocked C. jejuni adherence to INT 407 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Binding of FlpA to Fn was found to be dose dependent and saturable by ELISA, demonstrating the specificity of the interaction. Based on these data, we conclude that FlpA mediates C. jejuni attachment to host epithelial cells via Fn binding.
Effect of duty cycles of tumor‑treating fields on glioblastoma cells and normal brain organoids (2021)

Tumor‑treating fields (TTFields) are emerging cancer therapies based on alternating low‑intensity electric fields that interfere with dividing cells and induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, to date, there is limited knowledge of their effects on normal cells, as well as the effects of different duty cycles on outcomes. The present study evaluated the effects of TTFields with different duty cycles on glioma spheroid cells and normal brain organoids. A customized TTFields system was developed to perform <i>in vitro</i> experiments with varying duty cycles. Three duty cycles were applied to three types of glioma spheroid cells and brain organoids. The efficacy and safety of the TTFields were evaluated by analyzing the cell cycle of glioma cells, and markers of neural stem cells (NSCs) and astrocytes in brain organoids. The application of the TTFields at the 75 and 100% duty cycle markedly inhibited the proliferation of the U87 and U373 compared with the control. FACS analysis revealed that the higher the duty cycle of the applied fields, the greater the increase in apoptosis detected. Exposure to a higher duty cycle resulted in a greater decrease in NSC markers and a greater increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in normal brain organoids. These results suggest that TTFields at the 75 and 100% duty cycle induced cancer cell death, and that the neurotoxicity of the TTFields at 75% was less prominent than that at 100%. Although clinical studies with endpoints related to safety and efficacy need to be performed before this strategy may be adopted clinically, the findings of the present study provide meaningful evidence for the further advancement of TTFields in the treatment of various types of cancer.
[Reversed sural neurovascular fascio-cutaneous flap for reconstruction of soft-tissue defects in ankle and foot]. (2004)

The reversed sural neurovascular fascio-cutaneous flap is convenient in design and dissection. Its use can retained and replace vascular anostomosed flaps to certain degrees.
Disinfection of Fertile Eggs of Free-Range Poultry with Essential Oils (2019)

SUMMARY The effect of the disinfection of fertile eggs of free-range poultry with essential oils from Cymbopogon flexuosus and Lippia rotundifolia was evaluated. The treatments applied to the eggs were (v v-1): 1% essential oil from C. flexuosus (CF), 1% essential oil from L. rotundifolia(LR), 0.1% CF + LR, and 0.1% quaternary ammonia (QA) (positive control). The eggs were incubated for 21 days, the birds from hatched eggs were counted and weighed, and not hatched eggs were opened and examined macroscopically to determine egg fertility, and embryonic death time. The antimicrobial action of the essential oils was determined through quantitative analyses, considering aerobic mesophylls, filamentous fungi, yeasts, and total coliforms. Mortality was high in the treatments, especially in the treatment with essential oil from C. flexuosus. The highest hatchability was found in the treatment with QA. The treatments with singly or combined essential oils were more efficient in decreasing microbial count than QA. The essential oils from C. flexuosus and L. rotundifolia reduced the microbial load of fertile eggs of the free-range poultry evaluated.
Molecular analysis of clinical group B streptococcal strains by use of α and β gene probes (1997)

Group B streptococci (GBS) are a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Besides the type-specific capsule, which is considered to be a major virulence factor of the species, some proteins are believed also to be virulence determinants and have been found to elicit protective immunity. In the present work, the genes for two surface proteins, the alpha and beta antigens, were detected in hybridization tests with chromosomal DNA of clinical GBS isolates. Using as a probe a PCR-generated 1.5 kb part of the beta gene, hybridization was found for 4/19 type Ia, 8/11 type Ib, 5/6 type II but for 0/8 type III strains. Positive outcome of hybridization coincided with an ability of the strains to bind IgA. A 200 bp alpha gene probe hybridized with all tested strains of serotypes Ia, Ib or II but only with 4/17 type III strains. By Southern blot, it was found that the size of the EcoRI chromosomal gene fragments hybridizing with the alpha gene probe correlated with the genomic presence or absence of the beta gene, possibly reflecting evolutionary relationship between the two genes. This assumption was further supported by pulsed field gel hybridization analysis which, however, showed the chromosomal positions of these two genes not to be adjacent.
Joint inference of networks from stationary graph signals (2017)

We investigate the problem of jointly inferring the topology of a collection of networks from the observation of signals defined on their common set of nodes. To address this problem two main assumptions are considered: (i) the topology of the different networks is related, so that joint identification of them is beneficial; and (ii) the observed signals are stationary on the unknown underlying graphs. The notion of stationarity for graph processes requires the existence of a polynomial mapping between the covariance of the observations and a matrix representation of the topology of the graph. Rooted on these assumptions, the joint network topology inference problem is formulated in a constrained sparse optimization framework, paying particular attention to setups where the different graphs differ only on a few links. Provably-tight convex relaxations are developed and robust designs are presented. Finally, numerical tests showcase the effectiveness of the proposed methods in jointly recovering real-world social networks.
Blocking α 4 β 7 integrin delays viral rebound in SHIV SF162P3 -infected macaques treated with anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (2021)

Anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) may favor development of antiviral immunity by engaging the immune system during immunotherapy. Targeting integrin α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> with an anti-α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> monoclonal antibody (Rh-α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub>) affects immune responses in SIV/SHIV-infected macaques. To explore the therapeutic potential of combining bNAbs with α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> integrin blockade, SHIV<sub>SF162P3</sub>-infected, viremic rhesus macaques were treated with bNAbs only (VRC07-523LS and PGT128 anti-HIV antibodies) or a combination of bNAbs and Rh-α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> or were left untreated as a control. Treatment with bNAbs alone decreased viremia below 200 copies/ml in all macaques, but seven of eight macaques (87.5%) in the bNAbs-only group rebounded within a median of 3 weeks (95% CI: 2 to 9). In contrast, three of six macaques treated with a combination of Rh-α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> and bNAbs (50%) maintained a viremia below 200 copies/ml until the end of the follow-up period; viremia in the other three macaques rebounded within a median of 6 weeks (95% CI: 5 to 11). Thus, there was a modest delay in viral rebound in the macaques treated with the combination antibody therapy compared to bNAbs alone. Our study suggests that α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> integrin blockade may prolong virologic control by bNAbs in SHIV<sub>SF162P3</sub>-infected macaques.
Faint Ship Wake Detection in PolSAR Images (2018)

Focusing on the faint turbulent wake detection in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images, this letter introduces a novel two-step (coarse and fine processing) detector. Based on the polarization decomposition theory, a new parameter that enhances the contrast between wake and sea, which is called surface scattering randomness (SSR), is proposed. The coarse detection process extracts the regions of potential ship wakes by digital axoids transform of SSR. During the fine detection process, the regions detected by the coarse detection are segmented and processed independently in the polarization feature domain. Finally, by introducing the regularity least-squares method, the line parameters of ship wake are obtained, while the a priori knowledge is obtained from Radon transform. Experiments are performed on Radarsat-2 data, and the results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has strong ability to detect faint turbulent wake in PolSAR images compared with the current detectors, which are based on the Radon or Hough transform.
(—)-Dehydronorchelindonine and (—)-Isodidehydrochelidonine, Two Probable Biogenetic Precursors in the Benzophenanthridine Series of Isoquinoline Alakaloids (1983)

The preparation of the title compounds Z and 5 is described.Their probable biogenetic role is suggested on the basis of chemical evidence obtained by oxidation studies with a one electron oxidant.
Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (2018)

This special issue contains a selection of papers in the research area of connected and autonomous vehicles. The lineup includes discussions of vehicular named data networks and autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Interferometric measurement of refractiveindex (2017)

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Rochester. College of Engineering and Applied Science. Institute of Optics, 1987.
Identification and Biological Characterization of 6-Aryl-7-isopropylquinazolinones as Novel TRPV1 Antagonists that Are Effective in Models of Chronic Pain (2005)

Vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1, TRPV1) is a cation-selective ion channel that is expressed on primary afferent neurons and is upregulated following inflammation and nerve damage. Blockers of this channel may have utility in the treatment of chronic nociceptive and neuropathic pain. Here, we describe the optimization from a high throughput screening hit, of a series of 6-aryl-7-isopropylquinazolinones that are TRPV1 antagonists in vitro. We also demonstrate that one compound is active in vivo against capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia and in models of neuropathic and nociceptive pain in the rat.
Protecting the Future Grid: An Electric Vehicle Robust Mitigation Scheme Against Load Altering Attacks on Power Grids (2023)

Due to the growing threat of climate change, the worlds governments have been encouraging the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs). As a result, EV numbers have been growing exponentially which will introduce a large EV charging load into the power grid. On this basis, we present a scheme to utilize EVs as a defense mechanism to mitigate Load-Altering (LA) attacks against the grid. The developed scheme relies on robust control theory and Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). Our EV-based defense mechanism is formulated as a feedback controller synthesized using H-2 and H-infinity control techniques to eliminate the impact of unknown LA attacks. The controller synthesis considers the grid topology and the uncertainties of the EV connection to the grid. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation scheme, it is tested against three types of LA attacks on the New England 39-bus grid. We test our mitigation scheme against 800 MW static, switching, and dynamic attacks in the presence of multiple sources of uncertainty that can affect the EV load during deployment. The results demonstrate how the grid remains stable under the LA attacks that would otherwise lead to serious instabilities.
Conceptual Design of an Airship Mission to Titan (2007)

With the increased desire to explore further into space, new vehicles need to be designed to accomplish this mission. The NASA Centennial Challenge poses the problem of designing a vehicle to autonomously navigate a foreign surface while being capable of probing different samples on the surface. The target environment chosen for this mission is Titan, a moon of Saturn. To complete this mission, a Lighter-Than-Air unmanned aerial vehicle with a rover appendage has been designed. This design will give scientists another safe, reliable tool for investigating the universe.
Automated assignment of high‐resolution collisionally activated dissociation mass spectra using a systematic bond disconnection approach (2005)

Abstract An essential component of the process of characterising chemical unknowns via mass spectrometry is the analysis of collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) mass spectra. Existing tools for the automated assignment of CAD spectra typically use a rule‐based approach which identifies those bonds that are likely to break. While valuable, the failure of explicitly rule‐based approaches to suggest rationalisations for a significant proportion of observed product ions led us to develop an alternative approach (elucidation of product ion connectivity, EPIC) based on high‐resolution mass spectrometry, systematic bond disconnection of the precursor structure, and ranking of the resulting substructures. We exemplify this approach with a reanalysis of published MS/MS data for two compounds taken from the literature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Riesgo Financiero y Política Monetaria: Una Aplicación para Chile (2009)

Este estudio construye un modelo para la vulnerabilidad del sector financiero y lo integra a un marco macroeconomico de uso comun en el analisis de politica monetaria. La principal interrogante que se espera responder con el modelo integrado es si los bancos centrales deberian o no incluir en forma explicita el indicador de estabilidad financiera en la funcion de reaccion de la tasa de interes de politica monetaria. Los resultados indican que, en general, la inclusion de la distancia a la insolvencia (dtd) de la banca en la funcion de reaccion del banco central reduce la volatilidad tanto de la inflacion como del producto. Ademas, los resultados son robustos a distintas calibraciones del modelo. En efecto, es mas eficiente incluir la variable dtd en la funcion de reaccion cuando el coeficiente de traspaso del tipo de cambio es mayor y cuando la vulnerabilidad financiera tiene un mayor efecto en el tipo de cambio y en el PIB (o, a la inversa, un mayor efecto del PIB en el patrimonio bancario, que aqui denominamos endogeneidad).
Neural Network-Based Modeling of Phonetic Durations (2019)

A deep neural network (DNN)-based model has been developed to predict non-parametric distributions of durations of phonemes in specified phonetic contexts and used to explore which factors influence durations most. Major factors in US English are pre-pausal lengthening, lexical stress, and speaking rate. The model can be used to check that text-to-speech (TTS) training speech follows the script and words are pronounced as expected. Duration prediction is poorer with training speech for automatic speech recognition (ASR) because the training corpus typically consists of single utterances from many speakers and is often noisy or casually spoken. Low probability durations in ASR training material nevertheless mostly correspond to non-standard speech, with some having disfluencies. Children's speech is disproportionately present in these utterances, since children show much more variation in timing.
Directed ortho‐Metalation of Unprotected Benzoic Acids. Methodology and Regioselective Synthesis of Useful Contiguously 3‐ and 6‐Substituted 2‐Methoxybenzoic Acid Building Blocks. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Surface relief gratings from electrostatically layered azo dye films (2000)

Surface relief gratings (SRGs) were fabricated on composite films assembled by alternate electrostatic deposition of a polyelectrolyte, poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), and an organic azo dye, congo red. The modulation of SRGs was found to increase with the thickness of the matrix films. Significant photochemical bleaching of the azo dye in the polymeric microenvironment as well as gradient-force-induced migration of the small azo dye contributes to the formation of the SRG structure. This finding demonstrates a facile method to fabricate SRGs for optical and information storage applications using commercially available azo dyes and polyelectrolytes.
Abstract P3-06-04: Bcl-2 functional converters inhibit tumor growth and metastatic potential in zebrafish xenografts (2018)

Abstract While potential therapies might have pronounced success in the simplified settings in cell culture medium, many drugs fail or underperform when cancer cells are encased in a complex 3D microenvironment. Although, rat and mouse models will continue to be the gold standard for in vivo data in drug discovery, zebrafish xenograft models have emerged as a powerful model that can quickly and efficiently deliver in vivo drug efficacy data before commitment to expensive and time consuming rodent models. We have discovered several compounds that work as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) functional converters and activate Bcl-2 into a killer instead of its native anti-apoptotic role. In this study, we use a zebrafish xenograft model to evaluate the ability of these compounds to inhibit xenograft tumor growth of Bcl-2 expressing cancer cells, including triple negative breast cancers. Live fluorescent imaging of cancer cells within zebrafish embryos revealed a decrease in cancer cell growth while under treatment of compounds. Furthermore, the agents that converted Bcl-2 into pro-apoptotic protein also inhibited the metastatic potential of the cancer cells. Therefore, this study demonstrates zebrafish xenograft techniques that can be used to quickly and efficiently obtain in vivo drug discovery data. Moreover, we report novel Bcl-2 functional converter compounds that can effectively reduce xenograft tumor growth and its ability to invade tissue in a living 3D environment and establish the role of Bcl-2 in cancer progression. Citation Format: Gamble J, Pearce M, Kopparapu P, Jang HS, Tanguay R, Greenwood J, Kolluri S. Bcl-2 functional converters inhibit tumor growth and metastatic potential in zebrafish xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-04.
The adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to human corneocytes (1986)

•<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>has a peculiar ability to colonize the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. We examined the possibility that this might be due to a specific ability of this pathogenic staphylococcus to adhere to atopic stratum corneum. We used an in vitro model to show that<i>S aureus</i>does have an unusual ability to adhere to atopic corneocytes when compared with corneocytes obtained from patients with other cutaneous diseases, including psoriasis. Protein A—a component of the staphylococcal cell wall—may be responsible in part for this adherence phenomenon. This trait did not extend to the other gram-positive bacteria tested. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>1986;122:166-169)
Wide Bandgap Devices with Non-Ohmic Contacts (2006)

The paper proposes a novel approach to fabricate high performance microwave devices with non-ohmic contacts. Low contact impedance is achieved through a strong capacitive coupling between the metal electron and the high-density two- dimensional electron gas. This approach allows for a new device design with non-annealed or low-temperature annealed contacts and gate alignment-free technology. The application of capacitively coupled contacts for high-power microwave devices is demonstrated.
PEGylated graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanocomposite: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of its performance as de novo drug delivery nanosystem (2018)

This paper describes the development of mitoxantrone-loaded PEGylated graphene oxide/magnetite nanoparticles (PEG-GO/Fe3O4-MTX), and investigation of its preliminary drug delivery performance. For this, the GO was synthesized through oxidizing graphite powder, and subsequently carboxylated using a substitution nucleophilic reaction. The carboxylated GO (GO-COOH) was then conjugated with amine end-caped PEG chains by Steglich esterification. Afterward, GO-PEG/Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized through the anchoring of Fe3O4 nanoparticles onto the surface of GO-PEG during the sonication. The biocompatibility and MTX-loading capacity of the synthesized GO-PEG/Fe3O4 nanocomposite were evaluated. The pH dependent drug release behavior and cytotoxicity effect of the MTX-loaded GO-PEG/Fe3O4 nanocomposite were also studied. According to biocompatibility, pH dependent drug release behavior as well as superior physicochemical and biological characteristics of graphene and magnetite nanoparticles, it is expected that the GO-PEG/Fe3O4 nanocomposite may be applied as de novo drug delivery system (DDS) for cancer therapy using both chemo- and photothermal therapy approaches.
Space-grade reliability of 808nm QCW laser diode arrays (LDAs) delivering over 20 billion shots (2009)

Space missions are probably the most demanding environment for laser diodes. A comprehensive study on the reliability of commercially available laser diodes arrays (LDA), with the objective of bar stacks for ESA's BepiColombo Laser Altimeter mission to the planet Mercury was performed. We report the best results of lifetime tests performed on SCD 808 nm QCW stacks at different levels of current load in a unique combination with operational temperature cycles in the range of -10&deg;C to 60 &deg;C. Based on a field-proven design that includes Al-free wafer material and a robust packaging solution, these arrays exhibit long operational lifetime of up to 20 billion pulses monitored in the course of several years. Zero failures and stable performance of these QCW arrays were demonstrated in severe environmental conditions reflecting both, military and space applications. In order to achieve maximum device efficiency at different operational conditions of the base temperature and current, an optimum combination of the wafer structure and bar design is required. We demonstrate different types of QCW stacks delivering peak power of up to 1 kW with a usable range of 50-55% wall plug efficiency at base temperatures up to 60 &deg;C.