gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of microwave heating with time varying material properties (1999)

Processing of materials at microwave frequencies is made difficult by physical properties that change significantly with temperature. A microwave heating model with material properties that change slowly with time and temperature has been developed. A frequency domain finite element solution of the electric field is coupled to time domain finite element diffusion equation to study the evolution of temperature profiles. The temperature change is determined from the balance of power dissipation, thermal diffusion and thermal convection.
Visual evoked potential assessment of the effects of glaucoma on visual subsystems (1998)

The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that glaucoma leads to selective deficits in parallel pathways or channels. Sweep VEPs were obtained to isolated-check stimuli that were modulated sinusoidally in either isoluminant chromatic contrast or in positive and negative luminance contrast. Response functions were obtained from 14 control subjects, 15 patients with open-angle glaucoma, and seven glaucoma suspects. For all three groups of subjects we found characteristic differences between the VEP response functions to isoluminant chromatic contrast stimuli and to luminance contrast stimuli. The isoluminant chromatic stimulus conditions appeared to favor activity of the P-pathway, whereas the luminance contrast stimuli at low depths of modulation favored M-pathway activity. VEP responses for patients with OAG were significantly reduced for chromatic contrast and luminance contrast conditions, whereas VEP responses for glaucoma suspects were significantly reduced only for the 15-Hz positive luminance contrast condition. Our results suggest that both M- and P-pathways are affected by glaucoma.
ChemInform Abstract: Aldol Reaction of Enol Esters Catalyzed by Cationic Species Paired with Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ABC of allergies: Diagnosing allergy (1998)

Allergy to environmental agents can affect almost every organ of the body. Although allergic rhinitis is the commonest manifestation, the lower respiratory tract, the conjunctiva, the skin, and the gastrointestinal tract are frequently affected by allergic disease.

#### Age when certain allergies are likely to occur for first time

Allergic diseases are common, and their prevalence is increasing. Accurate diagnosis of triggering or causative allergens is essential for appropriate advice for avoidance and environmental control measures. Although allergic diseases can occur at almost any age, some allergies are most likely to develop for the first time in particular age groups.

#### Taking a clinical history

An immediate relation between exposure to potential allergens and the development of symptoms makes both the diagnosis and identification of allergy straightforward. In …
Current status of the magnetically controlled growing rod in treatment of early-onset scoliosis: What we know after a decade of experience (2019)

The magnetically controlled growing rod (MCGR) has had approximately 10 years of clinical experience worldwide. Clinical effectiveness to control early-onset scoliosis is consistent even at final surgery. MCGRs have significantly lower relative percentage of infection or wound complications as compared to traditional growing rods. Most common complications include foundation failure and failure of distraction. Contouring of the rod especially at the proximal segment while accommodating for the straight actuator remains a difficult task and its failure may lead to proximal junctional kyphosis. Unique complications of MCGR include clunking, temporary diminishing distraction gains, and metallosis. Temporary reductions in distraction gains are observed as the MCGR lengthens but return to normal baseline distraction gains after rod exchange. Lack of standardization for rod configuration, distraction strategies and decisions of whether to keep the rods in situ, remove without fusion surgery or to perform spinal fusion at skeletal maturity will require further study.
Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index Influence the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Genetically At-Risk Children: A Mediation Analysis Using the TEDDY Cohort (2023)

This study confirms that higher total energy intake is associated with higher BMI, which leads to higher risk of the development of IA. A diet with larger proportion of energy from protein has a direct effect on the development of GADA.
Mixing Characterization Based on Drag Flow: Phase III—Effect of Kneading Blocks on a Visco-elastic System (1999)

Many new product properties are being achieved by blending and alloying homopolymers or copolymers with a variety of additives, rather than by the creation of a new polymer. This paper examines the effect of screw design and operating conditions on the final product properties for the blending of solid filler into a visco-elastic matrix. To accomplish this, a simple screw design is used and the spacing is changed between the kneading blocks. The spacing for the screw profiles varies from 0 mm to 90 mm in increments of 30 mm. The material used is silica mixed into polyisoprene in a 43 mm co-rotating twin screw extruder. The polymer Mooney viscosity is higher in the 30 mm profile than the other profiles. The average molecular weight for the 30 mm tended to be the least for all of the profiles. In addition, the ribbon die on the end of the extruder acted as another mixing element and therefore it also had an effect on both viscosity and the molecular weight when it was taken off. The effect is more pronounced for lower drag flow rates than for higher.
Pork meat increases iron absorption from a 5-day fully controlled diet when compared to a vegetarian diet with similar vitamin C and phytic acid content (2005)

Meat increases absorption of non-haem iron in single-meal studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate, over a 5 d period, the potential increasing effect of consumption of pork meat in a whole diet on the fractional absorption of non-haem iron and the total absorption of iron, when compared to a vegetarian diet. A randomised cross-over design with 3 x 5 d whole-diet periods with diets containing Danish-produced meat, Polish-produced meat or a vegetarian diet was conducted. Nineteen healthy female subjects completed the study. All main meals in the meat diets contained 60 g of pork meat and all diets had high phytic acid content (1250 mumol/d). All main meals were extrinsically labelled with the radioactive isotope (59)Fe and absorption of iron was measured in a whole body counter. The non-haem iron absorption from the Danish meat diet was significantly higher compared to the vegetarian diet (P=0.031). The mean fractional absorption of non-haem iron was 7.9 (se1.1), 6.8 (se 1.0) and 5.3 (se 0.6) % for the Danish and Polish meat diets and vegetarian diet, respectively. Total absorption of iron was higher for both meat diets compared to the vegetarian diet (Danish meat diet: P=0.006, Polish meat diet: P=0.003). The absorption ratios of the present study were well in accordance with absorption ratios estimated using algorithms on iron bioavailability. Neither the meat diets nor the vegetarian diets fulfilled the estimated daily requirements of absorbed iron in spite of a meat intake of 180 g/d in the meat diets.
Correction: Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of phenoxyacetyl derivatives of amines, including aminoalkanols and amino acids (2018)

Correction for ‘Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of phenoxyacetyl derivatives of amines, including aminoalkanols and amino acids’ by Katarzyna Pańczyk <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>MedChemComm</italic>, 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8md00430g.
Comparison of the stride kinematics of the collected, medium, and extended walks in horses. (1995)

Six horses, highly trained for dressage competition, were used to study the stride kinematics of the walk, and to compare the kinematics of the collected, medium, and extended walks. Horses were filmed in a sagittal plane at a rate of 150 frames/s; temporal, linear, and angular data were extracted from the films. Results of ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test indicated that the speed of the collected walk (1.37 m/s) was significantly (P < 0.01) slower than that of the medium (1.73 m/s) and extended (1.82 m/s) walks, values for which were not significantly different from each other. The increase in speed was associated with a significant increase in stride length, from 157 cm in the collected walk to 193 cm in the extended walk. This was a result of an increase in the over-tracking distance, whereas there was no significant difference in the distance between lateral placements of the limbs. Stride duration decreased (P < 0.01) from the collected walk (1,159 ms) to the extended walk (1,064 ms). Angles of the metacarpal and metatarsal segments, measured on the palmar/ plantar aspect, were higher at impact and lower at lift off in the collected than in the extended walk (P < 0.01). This indicated greater range of angular motion of this segment during the stance phase in the extended walk. Only 1 of the 6 horses had a regular 4-beat rhythm of the footfalls, with equal time elapsing between the lateral and diagonal footfalls.
Rediscovering Bacteria through Single-Molecule Imaging in Living Cells (2018)

Bacteria are microorganisms central to health and disease, serving as important model systems for our understanding of molecular mechanisms and for developing new methodologies and vehicles for biotechnology. In the past few years, our understanding of bacterial cell functions has been enhanced substantially by powerful single-molecule imaging techniques. Using single fluorescent molecules as a means of breaking the optical microscopy limit, we can now reach resolutions of ∼20 nm inside single living cells, a spatial domain previously accessible only by electron microscopy. One can follow a single bacterial protein complex as it performs its functions and directly observe intricate cellular structures as they move and reorganize during the cell cycle. This toolbox enables the use of in vivo quantitative biology by counting molecules, characterizing their intracellular location and mobility, and identifying functionally distinct molecular distributions. Crucially, this can all be achieved while imaging large populations of cells, thus offering detailed views of the heterogeneity in bacterial communities. Here, we examine how this new scientific domain was born and discuss examples of applications to bacterial cellular mechanisms as well as emerging trends and applications.
Éditorial (2017)

Un rapport rédigé par Agnès Jeannet inspectrice générale des affaires sociales et Laurent Vachey, inspecteur général des finances en octobre 2012 préconisait, entre autre, une réforme de la tarification des établissements et services médico-sociaux pour personnes handicapées. La mise en œuvre de ces préconisations a été confiée à une équipe projet mixte DGCS/CNSA. Le projet est intitulé « Services et Etablissements : Réforme pour une Adéquation des FINancements au parcours des personnes handicapées » ou plus simplement SERAFIN-PH. Cette équipe-projet, avec l’appui d’un groupe technique national et les apports d’un comité scientifique met en œuvre une feuille de route adoptée par un comité stratégique présidé par Ségolène Neuville le 26 novembre 2014.
Immunohistochemical profiling of benign, low malignant potential and low grade serous epithelial ovarian tumors (2008)

This study represents an extensive analyse of the benign and highly differentiated ovarian disease from an immunohistochemical perspective.
Conceptual Design for SLS-2 (2018)

After 17 years of user operation, we plan to do an upgrade of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) for the period of 2021-2024. The entire storage ring will be replaced with a new layout allowing operation at emittances lowered by factors of 40-50. This is made possible to one part by small aperture magnets allowing for a multi bend achromat design and to the other - a special feature for SLS-2 - reverse bends combined with longitudinal gradient bends (LGB) leading to zero dispersion at the maximum magnetic field, thus minimizing the quantum excitation of the beam due to synchrotron radiation. The compact magnet layout makes use of offset quadrupoles, combined function magnets and longitudinal gradient bends. The chamber with a cross section of 20 mm will be fully NEG coated to ensure good pumping and a quick vacuum conditioning. Numerical simulation of instability thresholds has been performed, we expect values in the order of 2 mA for the single bunch current.
TRAINING STUDENTS HOW TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY READ (1989)

It has been nearly a decade since Dolores Durkin (1978-79) published her landmark study of comprehension instruction. This highly controversial and hotly debated study revealed that although many teachers believed they were teaching comprehension, according to Durkin's definition the teachers were only assessing but not teaching these skills. To qualify as comprehension instruction, according to Durkin, the teacher had to explain or model the process that the reader engages in when comprehending a text. Since the original study by Durkin, other investigations of comprehension instruction have supported the reliability of her first report, namely that few teachers engage in instructional activities which actively promote comprehension (Durkin, 1984; Wendler, Samuels, & Moore, in press).
Sum frequency generation of synchronously-seeded, high-power Yb and Er fiber amplifiers in periodically poled KTP (2002)

Synchronous temporal seeding of single-mode, high-peak, and average-power Yb and Er fiber amplifiers allowed efficient, single-pass, sum frequency generation in periodically poled KTP. 3.5 W average power in the red, at 630 nm, is generated with Gaussian spatial beam quality.
Rational Synthesis of 2D Polymers Towards Designer Nanosheets (2015)

シート状の二次元高分子には，従来の紐状高分子とは一般に異なる性質が期待できる．他方，二次元高分子の個性を決めるのはシートの内部構造，すなわち分子構造である．有機化学的手法による二次元高分子の構造制御は，二次元高分子の機能発現や機能設計のために極めて重要である．筆者らは(面内)規則構造を有する二次元高分子の合成法の開発に取組んできた．とくに，二次元周期網目構造の構築にはトポケミカル反応や動的結合形成を利用したアプローチが有効であることを示すことができた．さらに，異方性をもつ規則構造の二次元高分子の合成へ向けて，一次元物質を側方重合するアプローチを開発した．
STOCHASTIC MODELING OF RESIN FLOW IN FIBROUS MEDIA IN LIQUID COMPOSITE MOLDING (2007)

International audience
Model predictive path planning with time-varying safety constraints for highway autonomous driving (2015)

A model predictive controller (MPC) with time-varying safety constraints for highway path planning with collision avoidance is developed in this paper. The collision avoidance constraints with the surrounding vehicles are integrated with the road geometry constraints, leading to a set of convex time-varying safety constraints. The surrounding vehicles' dynamics and decisions are also incorporated in the prediction model to predict the trajectories. The proposed controller finds the best combination of longitudinal and lateral acceleration commands to guide the vehicle while avoiding collision with surrounding vehicles by possibly overtaking. Simulation results verify successful performance of this predictive control strategy for different scenarios.
Synthesis of Metabolites of Mosapramine. II. Synthesis of Phenolic Metabolites of Mosapramine and Their Pharmacological Activities (1992)

Four phenolic metabolites of (+-)-3-chloro-5-[3-(2-oxo-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroimidazo[1,2- a]pyridine-3-spiro-4'-piperidino)propyl]-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz [b,f]azepine (mosapramine), a new antipsychotic drug, were synthesized in order to determine their chemical structures. Pharmacological activities of the three main metabolites were compared with those of mosapramine. The activities of the metabolites were far less potent than those of mosapramine.
Corrigendum: Excellent Stability of a Lithium‐Ion‐Conducting Solid Electrolyte upon Reversible Li+/H+ Exchange in Aqueous Solutions (2015)

The cover picture of issue 1/2015 contains a mistake that was only noticed after printing. The wrong picture has been replaced in the online version, and the correct version is shown below. The editorial office of Angewandte Chemie apologizes for this mistake.1
Interdependencies of coupled heterogeneous infrastructures: the case of ICT and Energy (2010)

International audience
<title>Optical fiber hybridization assay fluorosensor</title> (1999)

The present work describes an all-fiber hybridization assay sensor that relies on the evanescent field excitation of fluorescence from surface-bound fluorophores. The evanescent field is made accessible through the use of a long adiabatically tapered single-mode fiber probe. A semiconductor laser operating at 785 nm wavelength is used in a pulsed mode to excite fluorescence in the tapered region of a fiber probe using the near-infrared fluorophore IRD 41. We have carried out real-time hybridization tests for IRD 41-labeled oligonucleotide at various probe concentrations binding to complementary oligonucleotide cross-linked to the tapered fiber surface. Short oligonucleotides (20-mer) bound to the fiber surface have been used to detect near-infrared dye labeled complementary sequences at sub-nanomolar levels. Sandwich assays with total RNA were conducted to examine the capability of the biosensor for detecting bacterial cells using rRNA as the target. The results indicate that this fluorosensor is capable of detecting H. pylori in a sandwich assay at picomolar concentrations.
Conditional Rescue of Protein Kinase C ε Regulates Ethanol Preference and Hypnotic Sensitivity in Adult Mice (2002)

Conventional gene targeting is a powerful tool to study the influence of specific genes on behavior. However, conclusions relevant for adult animals are limited by consequences of gene loss during development. Mice lacking protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) consume less alcohol and show greater acute sensitivity to alcohol than do wild-type mice. There are no selective inhibitors of PKCepsilon that can be administered systemically and cross the blood-brain barrier to test whether these phenotypes result from loss of PKCepsilon during development or in adulthood. Here we used conditional expression of PKCepsilon in the basal forebrain, amygdala, and cerebellum to rescue wild-type responses to alcohol in adult PKCepsilon(-/-) mice. Subsequent suppression of transgenic PKCepsilon restored PKCepsilon(-/-) behaviors. These findings establish that PKCepsilon signaling in the adult brain regulates alcohol consumption and sensitivity. If this extends to humans, then PKCepsilon inhibitors might prove useful as novel therapeutics for alcoholism.
Acoustic intensity estimates from a solid rocket motor test firing (2013)

Acoustic measurements of a static GEM-60 solid motor test firing were taken as part of a continuing effort to characterize the aeroacoustic source regions and noise environment around launch vehicles. Multiple 2D intensity probes, consisting of four coplanar microphones, were used in the measurement. Two intensity estimation techniques have been applied to the data: the finite difference p-p method, and the new phase and amplitude gradient estimation (PAGE) method. We will present and compare results from both methods and compare to measurements made at past test firings. It appears that the PAGE method for estimating acoustic intensity provides usable results over a larger frequency bandwidth.
Blue Perovskite LEDs: Reducing Architecture Limitations for Efficient Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes (Adv. Mater. 20/2018) (2018)

Blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have lagged significantly behind red and green ones. In article number 1706226, Daniel N. Congreve and co-workers show that the device architecture plays a key role in this lag, and they propose an alternate structure that maintains robust nanocrystal emission. Devices with this architecture show external quantum efficiencies of 0.50% at 469 nm. This architecture enables efficient devices across the entire blue–green portion of the spectrum.
Update in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases 2011 (2012)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and other pulmonary vascular diseases remain a source of great morbidity and mortality because they complicate several primary lung diseases and nonpulmonary syndromes. There has been continuous progress in deciphering the mechanisms involved in the pulmonary vascular remodeling characterizing these diseases, leading to a better understanding of targeted therapy. As in previous years (1), and after a now well established tradition of the Journal, this update summarizes the scientific progress achieved in 2011, linking the work of many investigators under thematic headings. Reading of the primary manuscripts will provide more detailed information on each topic.
A Proteolytic Transmembrane Signaling Pathway and Resistance to β-Lactams in Staphylococci (2001)

beta-Lactamase and penicillin-binding protein 2a mediate staphylococcal resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, which are otherwise highly clinically effective. Production of these inducible proteins is regulated by a signal-transducing integral membrane protein and a transcriptional repressor. The signal transducer is a fusion protein with penicillin-binding and zinc metalloprotease domains. The signal for protein expression is transmitted by site-specific proteolytic cleavage of both the transducer, which autoactivates, and the repressor, which is inactivated, unblocking gene transcription. Compounds that disrupt this regulatory pathway could restore the activity of beta-lactam antibiotics against drug-resistant strains of staphylococci.
Novel Reaction Pathways for 2-Pyridone [4+4] Photoadducts (2006)

[Structure: see text] Transannular ring closure of a pyridone-furan [4+4] photoadduct has been evaluated in a model system. A combination of nitrogen substitution and an isopropyl group gave full control of the four new stereogenic centers. Chlorination transformed the 1,5-cyclooctadiene to a [4.2.0] ring system instead of to the expected [3.3.0] ring system. Changing an alkene to an enone suppressed this pathway and led to a new rearrangement, converting the 5-8-5 ring system to a 6-7-5 system.