gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations of ZnO Nanowires and ZnO/p-GaN Heterojunction Diodes Grown by Different Aqueous Solutions Zinc Nitrate and Zinc Acetate (2010)

This study investigated ZnO nanowires, grown by different solutions of zinc nitrate and zinc acetate, using scanning electron microscopy, room-temperature photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. ZnO grown by zinc nitrate had thinner nanowires, with the average diameter being reduced by about five times, than that grown by zinc acetate. Fewer surface defects and better electrical performance were obtained in zinc acetate-ZnO. The turn-on voltage and ideality factor were reduced from 2.2 to 2.0 V and 3.7 to 2.14, respectively, for the diodes grown by zinc nitrate and zinc acetate. Leakage current density was also decreased by about 1 order under 4 V reverse-bias voltage.
Longer-term effectiveness of a heterologous coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine booster in healthcare workers in Brazil (2023)

Heterologous COVID-19 vaccines were effective for up to 180 days in preventing COVID-19 in the SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variant eras, which suggests the need for a second booster.
Design of a Ka-band gyro-TWT for radar applications (2001)

The design of a Ka-band gyrotron traveling wave tube (TWT) amplifier capable of operating over a wide range of peak powers and bandwidths is presented. The amplifier operates in the TE/sub 11/ mode at the fundamental cyclotron harmonic. Instantaneous bandwidths in the range of 2.5 to 3.9 GHz (at 1 dB below saturation) with corresponding peak powers between 92.2 and 57.9 kW can be achieved by simply adjusting the mod-anode voltage of the electron gun. The corresponding gains range from 57.1 to 36.0 dB. The design performance is obtained with a high quality, 6 A, 70 kV electron beam generated with a double-anode magnetron injection gun. This wide range performance capability in the design is achieved via the use of the distributed loss approach in the interacting circuit, which also guarantees zero-drive stability. A diffractive loading scheme is employed in the lossy section of the circuit to ensure high average power operation of the amplifier.
Electrically small magneto-dielectric coated VHF monopole antenna (2012)

Magneto-dielectric material is developed for the design of electrically small monopole antenna at the VHF band. It has very promising property of permeability and permittivity to realize antenna height reduction factor of less than 1/4. The designed electrically small magneto-dielectric coated VHF monopole antenna, with its height of 250 mm, can operate at 71.14 MHz with good matching to 50Ω SMA connector.
An evaluation in vitro of PARP-1 inhibitors, rucaparib and olaparib, as radiosensitisers for the treatment of neuroblastoma (2016)

Rucaparib and olaparib sensitise cancer cells to X-radiation or (131)I-MIBG treatment. It is likely that the mechanism of radiosensitisation entails the accumulation of unrepaired radiation-induced DNA damage. Our findings suggest that the administration of PARP-1 inhibitors and (131)I-MIBG to high risk neuroblastoma patients may be beneficial.
<title>Downsizing of an integrated tracking unit for multiple applications</title> (1997)

This paper describes the specifications and capabilities of the integrated tracking unit (ITU) and its multiple applications are presented. The original ITU was developed by Coleman Research Corporation (CRC) for several federal law enforcement agencies over a four-year period and it has been used for friendly and unfriendly vehicle and person position tracking. The ITU has been down-sized to reduce its physical size, weight, and power requirements with respect to the first generation unit. The ITU consists of a global positioning system (GPS) receiver for precise position location and a cellular phone to transmit voice and data to a PC base station with a modem interface. This paper describes the down-sizing of the unit introduced in CRC's 'An Integrated Tracking Unit for Multiple Applications' paper presented at the 1995 Counterdrug Technology Assessment Center's symposium in Nashua, NH. This paper provides a description of the ITU and tested applications.
Genetic Variants in the Promoter Region of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor are Associated with the Severity of Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Liver Fibrosis (2019)

Two polymorphisms in the promoter region of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) - rs755622 and rs5844572 - exhibit prognostic relevance in inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between these MIF promoter polymorphisms and the severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced liver fibrosis. Our analysis included two independent patient cohorts with HCV-induced liver fibrosis (504 and 443 patients, respectively). The genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -173 G/C and the repeat number of the microsatellite polymorphism -794 CATT<sub>5-8</sub> were determined in DNA samples and correlated with fibrosis severity. In the first cohort, homozygous carriers of the C allele in the rs755622 had lower fibrosis stages compared to heterozygous carriers or wild types (1.25 vs. 2.0 vs. 2.0; <i>p</i> = 0.03). Additionally, ≥7 microsatellite repeats were associated with lower fibrosis stages (<F2) (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Comparable tendencies were observed in the second independent cohort, where fibrosis was assessed using transient elastography. However, once cirrhosis had been established, the C/C genotype and higher microsatellite repeats correlated with impaired liver function and a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Our study demonstrates that specific MIF polymorphisms are associated with disease severity and complications of HCV-induced fibrosis in a stage- and context-dependent manner.
Muscle Synergies: Implications for Clinical Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Movement (2011)

We present a method called muscle synergy analysis, which can offer clinicians insight into both underlying neural strategies for movement and functional outcomes of muscle activity. Although neural dysfunction is central to many motor deficits, neural activity during movements is not directly measurable. Consequently, the majority of clinical tests focus on evaluating motor outputs at the behavioral and kinematic levels. However, altered behavioral or kinematic outcomes could be the result of multiple distinct neural abnormalities with very different muscle coordination patterns. Because muscle activity reflects motoneuron activity and generates the forces that produce behavioral outcomes, an analysis of muscle activity may provide a better understanding of the functional neural deficits in the impaired nervous system. Unfortunately electromyographic datasets can be large, highly variable, and difficult to interpret, precluding their clinical utility. Computational analyses can be used to extract muscle synergies from such datasets, revealing underlying patterns that may reflect different levels of neural function. These muscle synergies are hypothesized to represent motor modules recruited by the nervous system to flexibly perform biomechanical subtasks necessary for movement. For example, hemiparetic stroke patients exhibit differences in the number of muscle synergies, which may reflect disruptions in descending neural pathways and are correlated to deficits in motor function. Muscle synergy analysis may thus offer the clinician a better view of the neural structure underlying motor behaviors and how they change in motor deficits and rehabilitation. Such information could inform diagnostic tools and evidence-based interventions specifically targeted to a patient's deficits.
Acceleration of Deep Neural Network Training with Resistive Cross-Point Devices: Design Considerations (2016)

In recent years, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated significant business impact in large scale analysis and classification tasks such as speech recognition, visual object detection, pattern extraction, etc. Training of large DNNs, however, is universally considered as time consuming and computationally intensive task that demands datacenter-scale computational resources recruited for many days. Here we propose a concept of resistive processing unit (RPU) devices that can potentially accelerate DNN training by orders of magnitude while using much less power. The proposed RPU device can store and update the weight values locally thus minimizing data movement during training and allowing to fully exploit the locality and the parallelism of the training algorithm. We evaluate the effect of various RPU device features/non-idealities and system parameters on performance in order to derive the device and system level specifications for implementation of an accelerator chip for DNN training in a realistic CMOS-compatible technology. For large DNNs with about 1 billion weights this massively parallel RPU architecture can achieve acceleration factors of 30, 000 × compared to state-of-the-art microprocessors while providing power efficiency of 84, 000 GigaOps∕s∕W. Problems that currently require days of training on a datacenter-size cluster with thousands of machines can be addressed within hours on a single RPU accelerator. A system consisting of a cluster of RPU accelerators will be able to tackle Big Data problems with trillions of parameters that is impossible to address today like, for example, natural speech recognition and translation between all world languages, real-time analytics on large streams of business and scientific data, integration, and analysis of multimodal sensory data flows from a massive number of IoT (Internet of Things) sensors.
Microscale Core-Shell Structured Li[(Ni[sub 0.8]Co[sub 0.1]Mn[sub 0.1])[sub 0.8](Ni[sub 0.5]Mn[sub 0.5])[sub 0.2]]O[sub 2] as Positive Electrode Material for Lithium Batteries (2006)

A new concept of synergetic effects was developed with the synthesis of a spherical core-shell structure to effect a higher capacity from the LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 core and improved thermal stability from the Li[Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 ]O 2 shell. We now report the microscale spherical core-shell structure with LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 as the core and a Li[Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 ]O 2 as the shell. With these core-shell particles, a high capacity was delivered from the LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 core and a high thermal stability was achieved by the Li[Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 ]O 2 shell. The core-shell structured Li[(Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 ) 0.8 (Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) 0.2 ]O 2 -carbon cell showed superior cyclability and thermal stability relative to the Li[Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 ]O 2 alone at a 1 C rate for 600 cycles. As a new positive electrode material, the core-shell structure of Li[(Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 ) 0.8 (Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) 0.2 ]O 2 provides a significant breakthrough for the development of lithium batteries with high capacity, excellent cyclability, and high thermal stability.
Sustained effects of resistant starch on the expression of genes related to carbohydrate digestion/absorption in the small intestine (2020)

Resistant starch (RS) consumption has beneficial effects on health, such as reduced postprandial blood glucose levels. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a 14-day diet containing RS on α-glucosidase activity and the expression of genes related to carbohydrate digestion/absorption in rats. We examined whether the effects of RS persist when the rats were shifted to a control diet. The results suggest that RS consumption reduces α-glucosidase activity and <i>Mgam</i>, <i>Si</i> and <i>Sglt1</i> mRNA levels in the proximal jejunum. In addition, RS consumption appeared to influence the serum GIP level, up to 2 days after the animals were shifted to a control diet. To our knowledge, this is the first report that RS has a sustained effect on gut hormone expression and the expression of genes related to carbohydrate digestion/absorption in the proximal jejunum.
The interplay of structural and optical properties in individual ZnO nanostructures (2012)

Semiconductor nanostructures exhibit unique properties distinct from their bulk counterparts by virtue of nanoscale dimensions; in particular, exceptionally large surface area-to-volume ratios relative to that of the bulk produce variations in surface state populations that have numerous consequences on materials properties. Of the low-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures, nanowires offer a unique prospect in nanoscale optoelectronics due to their one-dimensional architecture. Already, many devices based upon individual nanowires have been demonstrated, but questions about how nano-size and structural variations affect the underlying materials properties still remain unanswered. Here, we focus on understanding the growth mechanism and kinetics of ZnO nanowires and related nanowalls, and their effects on nanoscale structural and optical properties.
Pathway from PTSD to respiratory health: Longitudinal evidence from a psychosocial intervention. (2017)

The results are in line with the etiologic pathway suggesting that PTSD symptoms are a risk and maintenance factor for chronic LRS and that treatment of PTSD can help to alleviate LRS in trauma-exposed populations. PTSD is emerging as a novel and important treatment target for chronic respiratory problems. (PsycINFO Database Record
Inhibitory effect of adefovir and lamivudine on the initiation of hepatitis B virus infection in primary tupaia hepatocytes*1 (2003)

Adefovir dipivoxil and lamivudine are two safe and efficacious drugs licensed for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Both drugs inhibit the viral polymerase, resulting in a profound suppression of virus production. Blocking the viral polymerase may also affect the initiation of HBV infection, because HBV virions harbor a partially double-stranded genome and productive infection requires completion of viral plus-strand DNA synthesis with subsequent formation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). To address this issue, we used primary hepatocytes from the tree shrew Tupaia belangeri that were recently shown to be susceptible to HBV infection. Treatment of cells with either drug partially inhibited initial HBV cccDNA formation. Adefovir was more effective than lamivudine, resulting in a 3-fold reduction of RNA synthesis and viral surface antigen production. However, prevention of initial cccDNA formation was incomplete even after combined treatment, whereas de novo synthesis of viral replicative intermediates was completely suppressed. A possible explanation for this observation is the genomic plus-strand gap of less than 200 bases in some virions, limiting the window for antiviral action. In conclusion, nucleos(t)ide analogues can target initial plus-strand DNA repair and reduce but not completely block HBV infection. (Hepatology 2003;38:1410-1418.)
Level-set algorithm for the reconstruction of functional activation in near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (2006)

We introduce a new algorithm for the reconstruction of functional brain activations from near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIRSI) data. While NIRSI offers remarkable biochemical specificity, the attainable spatial resolution with this technique is rather limited, mainly due to the highly scattering nature of brain tissue and the low number of measurement channels. Our approach exploits the support-limited (spatially concentrated) nature of the activations to make the reconstruction problem well-posed. The new algorithm considers both the support and the function values of the activations as unknowns and estimates them from the data. The support of the activations is represented using a level-set scheme. We use a two-step alternating iterative scheme to solve for the activations. Since our approach uses the inherent nature of functional activations to make the problem well-posed, it provides reconstructions with better spatial resolution, fewer artifacts, and is more robust to noise than existing techniques. Numerical simulations and experimental data indicate a significant improvement in the quality (resolution and robustness to noise) over standard techniques such as truncated conjugate gradients (TCG) and simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) algorithms. Furthermore, results on experimental data obtained from simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and optical measurements show much closer agreement of the optical reconstruction using the new approach with fMRI images than TCG and SIRT.
Processability and mechanical properties of ternary composites PP/EPDM/GF (2000)

Abstract The enhancement of the mechanical properties of neat PP is achieved by the addition of glass fibers and EPDM rubber. The Young's modulus and notched Charpy impact strength of the composites obtained are improved with respect to the original polymer, leading to a new composite material with a very good balance of toughness and rigidity properties. The tensile behavior of these multiphase systems is successfully compared with theoretical predictions using the Halpin‐Tsai/Nielsen theory for uniaxially short fiber composites, which considers the matrix as a blend with spherical particles and can predict the tensile modulus considering an average fiber orientation angle. An accurate morphological study performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows a very good dispersion of the rubbery phase into the neat matrix. No special affinity between the rubber and the fibers is reported. The good dispersion and the small particle diameter indicate the good processability of the ternary systems studied.
Macroscope (2009)

Enterprise and data center networks consist of a large number of complex networked applications and services that depend upon each other. For this reason, they are difficult to manage and diagnose. In this paper we propose Macroscope, a new approach to extracting the dependencies of networked applications automatically by combining application process information with network level packet traces. We evaluate Macroscope on traces collected at 52 laptops within a large enterprise and show that Macroscope is accurate in finding the dependencies of networked applications. We also show that Macroscope requires less human involvement and is significantly more accurate than state of the art approaches that use only packet traces. Using our rich profiles of the application-service dependencies, we explore and uncover some interesting characteristics about this relationship. Finally, we discuss several usage scenarios that can benefit from Macroscope.
Influence of Heating up Rate to Reaction Temperature and the Initial Reaction Rate in Coal Hydrogenolysis (1971)

In high pressure coal hydrogenolysis the red mud catalyst promotive effect was enhanced by an addition of sulfur. The additional effect was investigated quantitatively and it was foud that reaction rate constant showed a 2.5 fold increase in the first step while a slight increase was seen in the second step.A new prssure feed-in apparatus was designed by which coal paste can be inserted within 5 seconds into a conventional autoclave maintained at reaction condition (400 or 450°C, 230kg/cm2) and the high pressure hydrogenolysis reaction rate of coal in the presence of red mud-sulfur catalyst was measured. When the obtained values were compared against the reaction rate constant obtained in a conventional batch type experiment under conditions of slow heating up rate of 4C or thereabouts, the results showed a fairly good agreement. At the same time no great difference was seen in the reaction product distribution between both cases.Based on the above it may be surmized that by selecting appropriate experimental conditions, basic data measured in the conventional manner in a batch type autoclave may be applied to a flow system in which a rapid heating up rate is utilized.
Single-molecule sequencing of long DNA molecules allows high contiguity de novo genome assembly for the fungus fly, Sciara coprophila (2020)

ABSTRACT The lower Dipteran fungus fly, Sciara coprophila , has many unique biological features. For example, Sciara undergoes paternal chromosome elimination and maternal X chromosome nondisjunction during spermatogenesis, paternal X elimination during embryogenesis, intrachromosomal DNA amplification of DNA puff loci during larval development, and germline-limited chromosome elimination from all somatic cells. Paternal chromosome elimination in Sciara was the first observation of imprinting, though the mechanism remains a mystery. Here, we present the first draft genome sequence for Sciara coprophila to take a large step forward in aiding these studies. We approached assembling the Sciara genome using multiple sequencing technologies: PacBio, Oxford Nanopore MinION, and Illumina. To find an optimal assembly using these datasets, we generated 44 Illumina assemblies using 7 short-read assemblers and 50 long-read assemblies of PacBio and MinION sequence data using 6 long-read assemblers. We ranked assemblies using a battery of reference-free metrics, and scaffolded a subset of the highest-ranking assemblies using BioNano Genomics optical maps. RNA-seq datasets from multiple life stages and both sexes facilitated genome annotation. Moreover, we anchored nearly half of the Sciara genome sequence into chromosomes. Finally, we used the signal level of both the PacBio and Oxford Nanopore data to explore the presence or absence of DNA modifications in the Sciara genome since DNA modifications may play a role in imprinting in Sciara , as they do in mammals. These data serve as the foundation for future research by the growing community studying the unique features of this emerging model system.
Clinical, biochemical, genetic and histological features of composite pheochromocytoma/ganglioneuroma adrenal tumors: a series of seven cases from two French academic centres (2013)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
NMR Studies of Hindered Rotation. The Diels-Alder Adduct of N-n-Butylmaleimide With Phencyclone: Restricted Motion of Bridgehead Phenyls (1996)

Abstract The Diels-Alder adduct of phencyclone and N-n-butylmaleimide has been prepared, and NMR studies have been carried out in CDCl3 solution at ambient temperatures by one-and two-dimensional 1H NMR (300 MHz) and 13C NMR (75 MHz) techniques. The resulting spectra appear to be consistent with slow rotation about the hindered C(sp2)-C(sp3) bonds to the bridgehead unsubstituted phenyls, i.e., slow exchange limit (SEL) spectra. Full rigorous 1H spectral assignments have been made via high-resolution COSY experiments. The number of signals in the 13C NMR aryl region were also consistent with hindered phenyl rotations; preliminary 13C assignments are given. Striking evidence for magnetic anisotropic effects due to the phenanthrene moiety, bridging ketone carbonyl, and bridgehead phenyls are discussed, supporting endo stereochemical assignment of the adduct.
Parallel and distributed simulation of free choice Petri Nets (1995)

In this paper, we present two new methods to simulate Petri Nets: a data parallel simulation and a distributed simulation. Both simulations use an equational representation of the net in the so called (min, +) algebra. The data parallel simulation is based on the use of matrix representation of these equations, and the distributed simulation on the decomposition of a Petri Net into marked graph components.
Synthesis of an ansa-Zirconocene via a Novel S4-Symmetric Spirobis(silastannaindacene) Compound (1998)

A stereoselective reaction of Sn(NMe2)4 with the silyl-bridged bis(cyclopentadienyl) derivative 1 generates the novel spiro compound 2, in which two C2-symmetric six-membered rings of opposite configuration are joined at a tin center: One ring is R,R-, and the other S,S-configured. Subsequent reaction with two equivalents of ZrCl4 affords, by stereoselective Sn/Zr exchange, exclusively the C2-symmetric isomer of the ansa-zirconocene rac-3.