gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pirmenol on Electrical Induction of Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia in a Seven-Day-Old Canine Myocardial Infarction (1991)

Effects of pirmenol on electrical induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) were examined in 14 dogs with 7-day-old myocardial infarctions. Before administration of the drug, sustained VT was induced in 8 of 14 dogs. After administration of 3 mg/kg pirmenol, induction of VT was suppressed in 2 dogs but remained inducible in 6 dogs. After cumulative administration of 5 mg/kg pirmenol, VT was no longer inducible in 3 dogs but in the other 3 dogs VTs were still inducible at increased cycle lengths. After 7 mg/kg pirmenol, VT was not inducible in the remaining three dogs. Arrhythmias could not be provoked in any postinfarction dogs after pirmenol administration. Plasma concentrations after sequential and cumulative administration of 3, 5, and 7 mg/kg pirmenol averaged 0.43, 0.65, and 1.15 micrograms/ml, respectively. Administration of pirmenol increased the effective refractory period (ERP) and paced QRS duration in both the normal and infarcted ventricular myocardium. In the infarcted myocardium, prolongation of the ERP for the second and third extrastimuli was greater than for the first one (p less than 0.05). Results indicate that pirmenol is effective for prevention of sustained VT owing to prolongation of both the ERP and conduction time in recent myocardial infarction.
New Frontiers in the Study of Amyloidosis (1990)

Twenty-three years ago, when an extensive review of amyloidosis was published in the Journal, the disease was still regarded as very rare.1 In a lifetime of practice, a physician might see one case. The condition was also poorly understood. Over the past 30 years, however, research on amyloidosis has rapidly come of age. The amyloid fibril has been found to consist of one of many different proteins, some relating to immunoglobulin light chains (AL) and some relating to the newly described protein amyloid A (AA), with its precursor, serum amyloid A, soon identified as an apolipoprotein. The list of . . .
Characterizing Glucose Exposure for Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Ambulatory Glucose Profile Analysis (2008)

CGM technologies enabled collection of verified data under normal living conditions, providing an exceptional vantage point from which to obtain important clinical information. This will facilitate an understanding of the range of euglycemic patterns, provide a sensitive means of detecting impaired glucose tolerance, and help set realistic treatment goals for individuals with diabetes.
Is thyrotropin-releasing hormone a novel neuroendocrine modulator of keratin expression in human skin? (2013)

Selected human hair and epithelial keratins are modulated in situ. This may be relevant to explain hair shaft growth-promoting effects of TRH. Our pilot study suggests that the neuroendocrine controls that regulate the expression of human keratins deserve more systematic exploration and that these may be harnessed therapeutically.
Über den Stoffwechsel von Organkulturen der Cornea in TC 199 mit Zusatz von Dextran 500 oder HAES 450 (1990)

Pig corneas were stored at room temperature for 20 days in TC 199 culture medium supplemented with 10% pig blood serum, antibiotics, and to reduce swelling with 10% Dextran 500 or 10% hydroxyethyl starch HAES 450. The high molecular weight of these additions, 500,000 and 450,000 Daltons respectively, prohibited swelling by their osmotic pressure. The water content of the cultured corneas was 80.6 +/- 0.5% with HAES 450 and 76.4 +/- 2.0% with Dextran 500. The epithelial cells of the cultured cornea rounded and desquamated after 12 to 16 days of culture. The endothelium showed vacuoles. The metabolism of the cultured corneas was measured by glucose and lactate levels in the epithelium, the stroma, and the medium as well as by the glycogen, ATP, and ADP content in the corneal epithelium. The cultured corneas consumed reasonable amounts of glucose and produced lactate. The glycogen content and the ATP levels decreased slightly, but the ATP/ADP ratio showed a good energy state. In the cultures containing HAES 450 the entire system was flooded with glucose released from hydroxyethyl starch. The Dextran 500 culture system could prove suitable for culturing human donor material without swelling.
Smart-metering for monitoring building power distribution network using instantaneous phasor computations of electrical signals (2013)

This paper presents a smart-metering framework based on computations of instantaneous phasors of voltage and current signals measured at a given node. The idea and requirement of electrical transparency inside a building is presented initially. Then the implementation of phasor estimation algorithm is discussed for the purpose of smart-metering. The capability of the smart-meter to do detailed power quality analysis is also presented. The ongoing work of hardware implementation and real-time testing of such smart-metering is also mentioned in the paper.
Diagnosis and Management of New-Onset Hoarseness: A Survey of the American Broncho-Esophagological Association (2012)

These data suggest that the current practice patterns among experts in the field are divergent from the recently published Guideline.
Biodegradation of phenol at high initial concentrations in two‐phase partitioning batch and fed‐batch bioreactors (1997)

A two-phase organic-aqueous system was used to degrade phenol in both batch and fed-batch culture. The solvent, which contained the phenol and partitioned it into the aqueous phase, was systematically selected based on volatility, solubility in the aqueous phase, partition coefficient for phenol, biocompatibility, and cost. The two-phase partitioning bioreactor used 500 mL of 2-undecanone loaded with high concentrations of phenol to deliver the xenobiotic to Pseudomonas putida ATCC 11172 in the 1-L aqueous phase, at subinhibitory levels. The initial concentrations of phenol selected for the aqueous phase were predicted using the experimentally determined partition coefficient for this ternary system of 47.6. This system was initially observed to degrade 4 g of phenol in just over 48 h in batch culture. Further loading of the organic phase in subsequent experiments demonstrated that the system was capable of degrading 10 g of phenol to completion in approximately 72 h. The higher levels of phenol in the system caused a modest increase in the duration of the lag phase, but did not lead to complete inhibition or cell death. The use of a fed-batch approach allowed the system to ultimately consume 28 g of phenol in approximately 165 h, without experiencing substrate toxicity. In this system, phenol delivery to the aqueous phase is demand based, and is directly related to the metabolic activity of the cells. This system permits high loading of phenol without the corresponding substrate inhibition commonly seen in conventional bioreactors. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 155–162, 1997.
Endothelial cationic amino acid transporter-1 overexpression blunts the effects of oxidative stress on pressor responses to behavioural stress in mice (2014)

Observational studies indicate that psychological stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension and this may be further accentuated by factors such as endothelial dysfunction. On this basis, we aimed to determine whether oxidative stress enhances pressor responses to stressful stimuli and whether augmenting endothelial function by increasing the transport of L-arginine can counter the effects of oxidative stress. Telemetry probes were used to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP) in wild-type (WT; n = 6) and endothelial cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1)-overexpressing (CAT+) mice (n = 6) before and during an aversive (restraint) and non-aversive (almond feeding) stressor. The superoxide dismutase inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETCA; 30 mg/kg per day; 14 days) was then administered via a minipump to induce oxidative stress. Stress responses to feeding and restraint were repeated during Days 11-12 of DETCA infusion. In WT mice, pressor responses to restraint and feeding were augmented during infusion of DETCA (35 ± 1 and 28 ± 1 mmHg, respectively) compared with respective pretreatment responses (28 ± 2 and 24 ± 1 mmHg, respectively; P ≤ 0.01). In CAT+ mice, pressor responses to feeding were blunted during DETCA (20 ± 1 mmHg) compared with the control response (23 ± 1 mmHg; P = 0.03). In these mice, pressor responses to restraint were similar before (28 ± 1 mmHg) and during (26 ± 1 mmHg) DETCA infusion (P = 0.26). We conclude that endothelial CAT-1 overexpression can counter the ability of oxidative stress to augment pressor responses to behavioural stress.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry of proteins isolated by capillary zone electrophoresis (1992)

A simple method for the off-line coupling of laser desorption mass spectrometry (LDMS) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is described. Representative mass spectra of subpicomole quantities of proteins isolated from CZE are presented and discussed. The current detection limit for bovine alpha-lactalbumin is 100 fmols injected onto the CZE column. Horse heart myoglobin was demonstrated to be stable in CHES/KCl, a CZE buffer, for at least 1 month, suggesting that some isolates can be safely stored for long time periods prior to LDMS analysis. Protein stability in 0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), a common solvent for LDMS, must also be considered. In the special case of porcine pepsinogen, significant (greater than 50%) degradation was observed within 5 min in TFA. In favorable cases, mass measurement accuracies of +/- 0.02% were obtained for protein isolates. Factors limiting mass measurement accuracy are presented. Finally, the possibility of identifying protein isolates, by combining N-terminal sequencing, molecular mass measurements, and selective peptide "mapping" procedures, is discussed.
Data from A Phase I Study of Ruxolitinib, Lenalidomide, and Steroids for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Ruxolitinib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone shows antimyeloma effects &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. MUC1 leads to lenalidomide resistance in multiple myeloma cells, and ruxolitinib blocks its expression. Thus, ruxolitinib may restore sensitivity to lenalidomide. Therefore, a phase I trial was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib with lenalidomide and methylprednisolone for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had been treated with lenalidomide/steroids and a proteasome inhibitor and showed progressive disease at study entry.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;A traditional 3+3 dose escalation design was used to enroll subjects in four cohorts with planned total enrollment of 28 patients. Subjects received ruxolitinib twice daily, lenalidomide daily on days 1–21 of a 28-day cycle, and methylprednisolone orally every other day. Primary endpoints were safety, clinical benefit rate (CBR), and overall response rate (ORR).&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Twenty-eight patients were enrolled. The median age was 67 years and received a median of six prior treatments including lenalidomide and steroids to which 93% were refractory. No dose-limiting toxicities occurred. The CBR and ORR were 46% and 38%, respectively. All 12 responding patients were refractory to lenalidomide. Grade 3 or grade 4 adverse events (AE) included anemia (18%), thrombocytopenia (14%), and lymphopenia (14%). Most common serious AEs included sepsis (11%) and pneumonia (11%).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;This phase I trial demonstrates that a JAK inhibitor, ruxolitinib, can overcome refractoriness to lenalidomide and steroids for patients with RRMM. These results represent a promising novel therapeutic approach for treating multiple myeloma (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03110822).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: CONDENSED 1,3,5‐TRIAZEPINES. II. THE SYNTHESIS OF 2,3‐DIHYDRO‐1H‐IMIDAZO(1,2‐A)(1,3,5)BENZOTRIAZEPIN‐5(6H)‐ONES AND ‐THIONES (1976)

Abstract Aus den Chlorbenzolen (I) werden die Hydrazine (II) entweder direkt (R2: ‐H) oder über zwei Zwischenstufen (R2: ‐Bu) dargestellt.
Genetic Modification of Dendritic Cells Through the Directed Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

Recent years have witnessed a progressive acceptance of the dual role played by dendritic cells (DC) in the initiation of immune responses and their specific attenuation through the induction of immunological tolerance. Nevertheless, as terminally differentiated cells of the myeloid lineage, DC share with macrophages an inherent resistance to genetic modification, greatly restricting strategies available for studying their physiology and function. Consequently, little is known of the molecular interactions provided by DC that underlie the critical decision between tolerance and immunity. Embryonic stem (ES) cells are, by contrast, relatively amenable to genetic modification. Furthermore, their propensity for self-renewal, one of the cardinal features of a stem cell, permits cloning at the single cell level and the rational design of ES cell lines, uniformly expressing a desired, mutant phenotype. Here, we describe how another defining property of ES cells, their demonstrable pluripotency, may be harnessed for their directed differentiation along the DC pathway, enabling the generation of limitless numbers of DC faithfully expressing candidate genes of interest. The protocols we outline in this chapter may, therefore, offer new opportunities for dissecting the biology of DC and the molecular basis of their unique properties.
Fundamentals of aggregation in concentrated dispersions: Fiber-optic quasielastic light scattering and linear viscoelastic measurements (2002)

Fiber-optic quasielastic light scattering and oscillatory shear rheology are employed to monitor the structure formation in concentrated, aqueous dispersions of model, electrostatically stabilized, polymer colloids. A regime of fractal scaling is observed in the vicinity or the gel point, as signified by a power law decay in the autocorrelation function with delay time and a power law dependence of the shear moduli on frequency. The power law exponents and the gel times extracted from the two techniques are compared for the first time on the same dispersion. The details of structure formation and aggregation kinetics in these concentrated dispersions are compared to the universal behavior of DLCA and RLCA aggregation observed at dilute concentrations in these and other dispersions, as well as to polymer gelation.
Measurement of dynamic reservoir conditions, Volume 1: Final report (1986)

A joint venture between the US Department of Energy, the USX Corporation (formerly the United States Steel Corporation), and the Gas Research Institute was initiated to evaluate the geologic and reservoir parameters which affect the stimulation and production and coalbed methane. To accomplish this, a single-zone coalbed methane well was completed into the Mary Lee and Blue Creek coal seams in the Warrior basin of Alabama. Following the successful drilling and coring of the well, extensive reservoir testing resulted in a measured coal seam permeability of 1 millidarcy and a skin factor of -4 to +1. In-situ state-of-stress tests in the Blue Creek coal seam indicated a vertical primary closure and a secondary horizontal closure. Coal and rock core samples were collected from the well and evaluated for flow and mechanical properties. These tests resulted in reservoir and mechanical values consistent with well-test data and underground fracture observation. Geologic studies established the geometry of the target reservoir and the surrounding strata. Unstimulated production tests were performed to establish baseline production parameters for both the Mary Lee and Blue Creek coal seams. Utilizing the collected data from the various test programs, a state-of-the-art hydraulic stimulation was designed and implemented. Detailed monitoringmore » of selective variables during the stimulation permitted an initial evaluation of the success of the stimulation. Following stimulation, production testing evaluated the impact of the hydraulic stimulation on gas and water production. Underground observation of the induced hydraulic fracture revealed fracture containment in the target coal seam with a vertical and horizontal component. Utilizing a fracture-simulation model and the stimulation-pressure record, a combined vertical and horizontal fracture was created that closely matched the observed in-situ fracture. 18 refs., 47 figs., 10 tabs.« less
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS MODULATES INTERLEUKIN-6 GENE EXPRESSION1 (1996)

Complications after lung transplantation include the development of rejection and an increased incidence of infection, particularly with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Several recent studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-6 may be used to detect both infection and rejection after lung transplantation. In addition, IL-6 may play a role in the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after transplantation. Because CMV is also associated with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after transplantation, we determined whether CMV induces IL-6 gene expression. We demonstrated that CMV infection increased both IL-6 protein and mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We also demonstrated that the CMV immediate early 1 gene product increased expression of the IL-6 promoter. This effect of the CMV immediate early 1 gene product was dependent upon the presence of specific transcription factor binding sites in the IL-6 promoter. These studies demonstrate that CMV may be an important cofactor in the development of rejection and infection after transplantation through its effects on IL-6.
Fast and highly anisotropic thermal transport through vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (2006)

This letter reports on fast and highly anisotropic thermal transport through millimeter-tall, vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VANTAs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on Si substrates. Thermal diffusivity measurements were performed for both longitudinal and transverse to the nanotube alignment direction, with longitudinal values as large as 2.1±0.2cm2∕s and anisotropy ratios as large as 72. Longitudinal thermal conductivities of 15.3±1.8W∕(mK) for porous 8±1vol% VANTAs in air and 5.5±0.7W∕(mK) for epoxy-infiltrated VANTAs already exceed those of phase-changing thermal interface materials used in microelectronics. Data suggest that further improvements are possible through optimization of density and defects in the arrays.
Editorial: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing—Challenges and Chances (2017)

I N its eight years, the IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing (TAC) has witnessed a time of great opportunities for the field: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning have recently made great progress increasing the distribution and usage of intelligent solutions in the greater public and commercial world.This progress bears many great chances for Affective Computing, as with increasing intelligence of machines, one may increasingly desire according intelligent systems to also possess emotional intelligence as the "next big thing" in commercial exploitation of AI-the Artificial Emotional Intelligence or AEI for short.To give but a few examples, with the advent of spoken language assistants in our homes, and the day-by-day rising usage of such assistants on smart phones and personal computers, it seems more than timely to also lend these assistants the ability to understand their users' emotions and react appropriately to them.Similarly, there is a huge trend in measuring oneself in many ways to track activity, steps, heart rate, sleep time, and whatnots 24/7-one may easily expect emotion tracking to become of broad interest soon, as well, which certainly also bears high promises for serious medical applications.As a last example, with gradually smart retrieval of multimedia, the emotional aspect will likely soon play a much more important role, when-for example-asking your retrieval agent for some funny pictures, bluesy music, or a movie loaded with tension and surprises.Obviously, this also bears a huge challenge for robustness, as the expectancy will be nothing but high once Affective Computing finds its way into the broad consumer market where severe real-world conditions need to be faced.Cross-cultural issues are just one factor to be named which still need many answers on the research's end.Likely, however, such problems will be eased by the ongoing exploitation of big data, efficient intelligent crowd sourcing solutions, and novel deep and further learning techniques.Standardisation may be another factor to find more attention in such days of growing industrial exploitation.The biggest challenge may, however, be on the side of ethical, legal, and social implications-the closer Affective Computing will move to everyday usage by thousands or even millions of users, the more these considerations will come to the fore.For all these named different multi-disciplinary and multi-faceted chances and challenges TAC has kept providing a space for the leading research and ideas in the field.The journal also continued to see great activity by guest editors and excellent submissions at high rates to its special sections.Three were closed in 2016, namely on
Labelled precursors for biosynthetic studies on naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids (1997)

The isotope labelled monocyclic ketones 5 and 8, postulated precursors to the presumably acetogenic naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, have been synthesized for biogenetic experiments to Ancistrocladaceae and Dioncophyllaceae plants. Key step of the preparation of 1-(2′-[carbonyl-14C]acetyl-3′,5′-dibenzyloxyphenyl)-2-propanone ([14C]-13) is the C-acetylation of the arylpropanone 10 with the mixed pivalic acetic anhydride ([14C]-11). The resulting pyrylium salt [14C]-12, which is stable and can be stored, is cleaved directly before the feeding experiment to give the diketone [14C]-13 and deprotected to give the free phenolic target molecule [14C]-5. This synthetic route is applicable also to the prepation of 1-(2′-[13C2]acetyl-3′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanone ([13C2]-5) for biosynthetic experiments with NMR analysis. For the preparation of the oxygen-poorer 13C-labelled diketone 1-(2′-[methyl-13C]acetyl-3′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanone ([13C]-8), an ‘indanone-route’ has been elaborated. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Model-based recognition of intersections and lane structures (2002)

In the course of tracking moving vehicles in image sequences recorded by a stationary camera at complex inner-city road intersections, it has turned out to be advantageous to automatically recognize the lane structure of the recorded intersection. Similarly, in the context of vision-based automatic driving it is advantageous to rely on as much knowledge about the actual road and lane structure as can possibly be obtained. Based on the authors' previous research, they assume that knowledge about the type of intersection ahead of the vehicle is made available by access to an automatic navigation system which is based on a digital map of the road network. In preparation of an appropriate selection and instantiation of a generic lane structure model, the authors use model-based machine vision in order to estimate the location of incoming as well as outgoing lanes at an intersection. The authors use image sequences recorded from a moving vehicle in order to detect and track intersections using a Kalman filter. Results obtained from real world data are presented.