gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Models for reduced blue copper sites: nearly tetrahedral complexes of copper(I) and silver(I) with a novel N2(imidazole)S*2(thioether)ligand (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModels for reduced blue copper sites: nearly tetrahedral complexes of copper(I) and silver(I) with a novel N2(imidazole)S*2(thioether)ligandSpencer Knapp, Terence P. Keenan, Jiangnan Liu, Joseph A. Potenza, and Harvey J. SchugarCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 12, 2189–2191Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00337a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00337a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pattern recognition of shape-encoded hydrogel biosensor arrays (2009)

A pattern-recognition and encoding system has been developed for a biochip platform using shaped hydrogel sensors batch produced via photolithography. Each sensor shape is fashioned with a unique pattern of dots that makes it identifiable to a pattern recognition system. By linking the sensor's function to its shape, "random" arrays can be created (i.e., arrays that do not require sensors to be located at specific positions). Random arraying can be quickly and cost-effectively achieved via self-assembly methods. Pattern-recognition software was written to perform automated recognition of micrographs exhibiting fluorescing sensors. As a test of the recognition process, an array of shape-encoded DNA sensors was fabricated using lithography. Fluorescent micrographs were taken of a DNA-sensing experiment, and then processed with the pattern-recognition software. The results show that this process is quite viable with 98% recognition accuracy of the nondefective sensors in both images.
Area-universal rectangular layouts (2009)

A rectangular layout is a partition of a rectangle into a finite set of interior-disjoint rectangles. They are used as rectangular cartograms in cartography, as floorplans in building architecture and VLSI design, and as graph drawings. Often areas are associated with the rectangles of a rectangular layout and it is desirable for one rectangular layout to represent several area assignments. A layout is area-universal if any assignment of areas to rectangles can be realized by a combinatorially equivalent rectangular layout. We identify a simple necessary and sufficient condition for a rectangular layout to be area-universal: a rectangular layout is area-universal if and only if it is one-sided. We also investigate similar questions for perimeter assignments. The adjacency requirements for the rectangles of a rectangular layout can be specified in various ways, most commonly via the dual graph of the layout. We show how to find an area-universal layout for a given set of adjacency requirements whenever such a layout exists.
Fullerene Derivatives That Bear Aliphatic Chains as Unusual Surfactants: Hierarchical Self‐Organization, Diverse Morphologies, and Functions (2010)

Conventionally, amphiphiles are composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic units. They are able to exhibit a wide variety of structures depending on the environment. Such features have been applied in supramolecular chemistry, by which apolar and polar groups are implemented in the molecular design. Here we present an attractive approach to introduce unique amphiphilicity. Relatively simple fullerene (C(60)) derivatives that bear long aliphatic chains behave as uncommon surfactants in organic media. Although two hydrophobic units are used to assemble the derivatives, slight differences in their polarity and chemical nature may make them incompatible and thus arrange them in microphase-separated mesostructures as lamellar ones. These assemblies are maintained by relatively weak forces, pi-pi interactions among C(60) moieties and van der Waals forces between alkyl chains. Therefore, the derivatives can undergo "supramolecular polymorphism" by which different supramolecular assemblies arise by changing the conditions of assembly. A simple modification in their substituent motif of derivatives influences the intermolecular interactions and provides a wide variety of supramolecular materials.
Off-axis digital holography spatial carrier frequency filtering (2016)

In Fluid Mechanics, off-axis digital holography is used to measure gas density field. This paper presents the particularity of the set-up that is not limited in resolution by the pupil and its consequences on 2D Fourier filtering as well as the spatial carrier frequency.
A companion protease inhibitor for the protection of cytosol‐targeted recombinant proteins in plants (2009)

We reported earlier the potential of tomato cathepsin D inhibitor (SlCDI) as an in-built stabilizing agent for the protection of recombinant proteins in transgenic plant leaf crude extracts (Plant Biotechnol J.4, 359-368). Here we document the potential of SlCDI for the in situ protection of proteins in potato leaves. Total protein assays with control and SlCDI-expressing potato lines indicated a positive impact of slcdi transgene expression on leaf protein content, with a mean relative increase of 35%-40% depending on the light regime. Out of approximately 700 proteins detected on 2-D gels, only 20 exhibited a significantly altered level on a protein-specific basis, whereas most proteins were up-regulated on a leaf fresh weight basis, albeit at variable rates. Quantitative reverse trancriptase-PCR assays for rubisco activase showed similar transcript levels in leaves of test and control lines despite protein levels increased by two- to threefold in SlCDI-expressing lines. These observations, along with the unrelated biological functions assigned to MS-identified proteins up-regulated in leaves and protease assays showing slightly increased proteasome activity in protein extracts of SlCDI-expressing lines, suggest a general, proteasome-independent protein stabilizing effect of SlCDI in planta. Transient expression assays with human alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin also showed a stabilizing effect for SlCDI on heterologous proteins, leading to net levels of the human protein increased by approximately 2.5-fold in SlCDI-expressing plants. These data illustrate, overall, the potential of SlCDI as an in vivo protein-stabilizing agent in transgenic plant systems, useful to improve protein levels and recombinant protein accumulation.
Supplementary Data from Impact of TCR Diversity on the Development of Transplanted or Chemically Induced Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary information containing Supplementary Methods, Supplementary References, Supplementary Figure 1, and Supplementary Figure 2.&lt;/p&gt;
Percolation models for gate oxide breakdown (1999)

Computer calculations of the formation of a percolation path across a finite lattice are used to model dielectric breakdown. The classical scaling relations for percolation are expected to be valid only for large (finite) systems near pc. We investigate the opposite limit of very small samples, comparable to the lattice spacing. It is shown that relatively simple numerical calculations can quantitatively describe the statistics and thickness dependence of oxide breakdown in thin samples. The critical defect density for breakdown shows a strong decrease with thickness below about 5 nm, then becomes constant below 3 nm. Both of these features can be quantitatively explained by percolation on a finite lattice. The effective defect “size” of about 3 nm is obtained from the thickness dependence of the breakdown distributions. The model predicts a singular behavior when the oxide thickness becomes less than the defect size, because in this limit a single defect near the center of the oxide is sufficient to create a continuous path across the sample. It is found that a given percolation path has a probability of about 10−3 for initiating destructive breakdown. We investigate both homogeneous percolation and percolation in a nonuniform density of sites.
Security Closure of Physical Layouts ICCAD Special Session Paper (2021)

Computer-aided design (CAD) tools traditionally optimize for power, performance, and area (PPA). However, given a vast number of hardware security threats, we call for secure-by-design CAD flows, to adopt principles of secure hardware design and streamline security closure throughout the flow. The stakes are high for integrated circuit (IC) vendors and design companies, as security risks that are not addressed during design will inevitably be exploited in the field, where vulnerabilities are almost impossible to fix. This paper highlights the need for security closure of physical layouts because efforts taken toward securing ICs at higher abstraction layers may be futile without support for securing the tape-out ready layouts.
Response properties of cochlear nucleus units specialized for encoding amplitude modulation (1983)

Extraction of information about modulations in sound amplitude may be a specialized function of the cochlear nucleus. CHOPPERS encoding amplitude modulation (AM) over an intensity range 50 dB greater than auditory nerve fibers are found in the gerbil posteroventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN) [R.D. Frisina, R. L. Smith, and S. C. Chamberlain, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 8, 347 (1982)]. Although other CHOPPERS show large responses to AM over only a limited intensity range, further quantitative analyses did not support our initial classification of CHOPPERS into two groups. We performed analyses on responses to 150 Hz AM at many intensities and found that the magnitudes of the fundamental components formed a continuum rather than two discrete groups. Also, spontaneous activity rates, tuning curves, and the shapes of rate-intensity functions for pure and wide-band noise are similar for both kinds of CHOPPERS. We suggest that CHOPPERS in the PVCN represent a single class of units specialized for encoding AM with, perhaps, each unit having different AM tuning properties. [Supported by NSF and NIH.]
Roaccutane Treatment Guidelines: Results of an International Survey (1997)

Our recommendation is that oral isotretinoin should be prescribed not only to patients with severe disease but also to patients with less severe acne, especially if there is scarring and significant psychological stress associated with their disease. Acne patients should, where appropriate, be prescribed isotretinoin sooner rather than later.
Transcolonic ventral wall hernia mesh fixation in a porcine model (2007)

Transcolonic delivery, transcutaneous magnetic manipulation, and fixation of composite hernia mesh are technically feasible in a porcine model with animal survival. An effective suturing method that allows consistent anchoring through the anterior fascia would be preferred and may require the development of novel devices.
Aesthetic Enhancement of Anterior Dental Implants With the Use of Tapered Osteotomes and Soft Tissue Manipulation (1999)

An adequate bone base is usually a prerequisite for functionally and aesthetically optimal reconstruction of the soft tissue architecture around a dental implant. In patients with sufficient bone height but insufficient bone width as a result of tooth loss, a jaw enlargement technique with osteotomes combined with soft tissue manipulation may be utilized to facilitate proper implant placement while concomitantly optimizing the aesthetics of the final implant prosthesis. The learning objective of this article is to familiarize the reader with the principles of ridge expansion with tapered osteotomes combined with periodontal plastic soft tissue surgery to aid in proper implant placement and enhance the aesthetic result of the final prosthesis.
Intraoperative Biomechanical Assessment of Lumbar Spinal Instability: Validation of Radiographic Parameters Indicating Anterior Column Support in Lumbar Spinal Fusion (2003)

Disc angle in flexion and ROM were the most prognostic parameters of lumbar distraction instability. Although the option of spinal arthrodesis method should be determined based on both clinical manifestation and imaging studies, the current study demonstrated that providing of anterior column support is biomechanically reasonable for degenerative spondylolisthesis with segmental kyphosis in flexion.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Hollow Copper Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanostructures: Optical and Catalytic Properties for Visible Light Assisted Photosplitting of Water (2014)

Hollow copper doped ZnS (Cu–ZnS) nanostructures were synthesized by sonochemical approach and characterized well using various analytical tools. TEM images show that the prepared copper doped ZnS crystallites have a hollow-sphere-like self-assembled nanostructure. In Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, a noticed splitting of the ZnS peak at 1110 cm–1 into two peaks at 1124 and 998 cm–1 for copper doped ZnS indicates that the copper atom can be partially substituted in the zinc as Cu–S–Zn. Such a bonding interaction between copper and zinc ions toward sulfur was also established from XRD and XPS analysis. Tuning of the band gap from 3.65 to 2.89 eV was successfully achieved upon doping copper (0–5%) into ZnS. The catalytic activity of hollow Cu–ZnS nanosructures was tested by photosplitting of water containing Na2S via visible light irradiation.
Shared Genetic Basis of Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac in Independent Strains of Pink Bollworm (2004)

Classical and molecular genetic analyses show that two independently derived resistant strains of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), share a genetic locus at which three mutant alleles confer resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin Cry1Ac. One laboratory-selected resistant strain (AZP-R) was derived from individuals collected in 1997 from 10 Arizona cotton fields, whereas the other (APHIS-98R) was derived from a long-term susceptible laboratory strain. Both strains were previously reported to show traits of "mode 1" resistance, the most common type of lepidopteran resistance to Cry1A toxins. Inheritance of resistance to a diagnostic concentration of Cry1Ac (10 microg per gram of diet) was recessive in both strains. In interstrain complementation tests for allelism, F1 progeny from crosses between the two strains were resistant to the diagnostic concentration of Cry1Ac. These results indicate that a major resistance locus is shared by the two strains. Analysis of DNA from the pink bollworm cadherin gene (BtR) using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests showed that the previously identified resistance alleles (r1, r2, and r3) occurred in both strains, but their frequencies differed between strains. In conjunction with previous findings, the results reported here suggest that PCR-based detection of the three known cadherin resistance alleles might be useful for monitoring resistance to Cry1Ac-producing Bt cotton in field populations of pink bollworm.
Enhancer-associated RNAs as therapeutic targets (2015)

As key factors in the control of transcription, eRNAs appear to possess a great potential for the establishment of new therapy options. However, thorough testing as well as providing the genetic toolbox to target eRNAs will be needed to fully assess the practical and clinical possibilities.
Arbitrary photo-patterning in liquid crystal alignments using DMD based lithography system (2012)

We propose and implement a technique for arbitrary pattern fabrication in liquid crystal (LC) alignments and local polarization control for light wavefront. A micro-lithography system with a digital micro-mirror device as dynamic mask forms arbitrary micro-images on photoalignment layers and further guides the LC molecule orientations. Besides normal phase gratings, more complex 2D patterns such as quasicrystal and checkerboard structures are demonstrated. To characterize the optical performances of the fabricated structures, the electro-optically tunable diffraction patterns and efficiencies are demonstrated in several 1D/2D phase gratings. Compared to other techniques, our method enables the arbitrary and instant manipulation of LC alignments and light polarization states, facilitating wide applications in display and photonic fields.
Exchange and Correlation Instabilities of Simple Metals (1968)

The influence of electron-electron correlation on exchange instabilities of a metal is examined. The employment of screened interactions does not constitute a proper treatment. Correlation effects suppress ferromagnetic instabilities, as is well known, but they need not supress instabilities of the spin-density-wave type. On the contrary, it is shown that correlation enhances exchange instability of the charge-density-wave type. For either type, the wave vector of such a state adjusts so that the Fermi surface makes critical contact with the energy gaps introduced by the instability. This circumstance optimizes the correlation energy. The observed conjunction of the long-period-superlattice periodicity with the Fermi surface in order-disorder alloys is probably an example of this phenomenon. It is suggested that charge-density-wave ground states are likely in simple metals having weak Born-Mayer ion-ion interactions, such as the alkali metals. The intensity of Bragg reflection satellites caused by a concomitant positive-ion modulation is computed.
Spatial and temporal design debug using partial MaxSAT (2009)

Design debug remains one of the major bottlenecks in the VLSI design cycle today. Existing automated solutions strive to aid engineers in reducing the debug effort by identifying possible error sources in the design. Unfortunately, these techniques do not provide any information regarding the time at which the bug is active during an error trace or counter-example. This work introduces an automated debug technique that provides the user with both spatial and temporal information about the source of error. The proposed method is based on a Partial MaxSAT formulation which models errors at the CNF clause level instead of the traditional gate or module level. Thus, error sites are identified based on erroneous implications that correspond to locations both in the design and in the error trace. Experiments demonstrate that we can provide this additional information at no extra cost in run time and are able to prune about 61% of all simulation time frames from the debugging process. When compared to a trivial formulation we observe a performance improvement of up to two orders of magnitude and 5× on average when using the proposed formulation.
MANETs: Routing Overhead and Reliability (2006)

Node mobility and physical channel effects cause the quality of links in wireless networks to fluctuate randomly. At the network layer, these changes are accommodated by the control information (overhead) of routing protocols. We provide lower bounds on the minimum average control overhead of deterministic routing protocols. When routing devices use noisy, out-of-date, or guess topology information, routing errors will occur. The number of "routing errors" experienced by well known routing schemes grows non-trivially with increased estimation noise. Route error growth is a novel characterization of protocol robustness for switched packet networks. This work motivates an information theoretic view of routing protocols
A safety look at currently available statins (2002)

In this mini-review, the evidence for safety and efficacy of currently available statins is discussed. Large-scale, long-term clinical studies have documented an outstanding efficacy and safety profile for statin monotherapy when used at pharmacological doses. Non-life-threatening side effects may occur in up to 15% of patients receiving one statin. Sporadic reports show possible adverse effects of statins on nervous system function including mood alterations. More serious side effects may also occur but at much lower rates. Significant elevations in the activity of serum aminotransferase and creatine kinase alone or in combination with muscle pain in statin-treated patients should be taken seriously; under these conditions, monitoring the statin dose or its discontinuation must be considered. Unlike monotherapy, combination therapy is more problematic. Particularly, combination of the statins with gemfibrozil results in higher rates of drug toxicity. Co-administration of statins with other drugs, especially those which may interfere with the cytochrome P450 system, should be considered carefully. Special attention must be paid to the tolerability of the statins in elderly and transplant patients. The safety of statins in children and adolescents has not yet been well-documented, thus, statin therapy is not routinely recommended in this group of hyperlipidaemic subjects. Future clinical studies and surveillance information will warrant long-term safety of each member of this class of lipid-lowering agents.
Effect of finite rectangular groundplane on near-in sidelobes of small linear slotted waveguide arrays (1989)

The effect of finite rectangular groundplane size on the sidelobes of linear slotted waveguide arrays is discussed.
The Addition of Hydrogen Halides to cis- and trans-2-Pentene (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Addition of Hydrogen Halides to cis- and trans-2-PenteneM. S. Kharasch, Cheves. Walling, and Frank R. MayoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 6, 1559–1564Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01875a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01875a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts