gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of multiple chromosomal rearrangements in the genome of Willisornis vidua using BAC-FISH and chromosome painting on a supposed conserved karyotype (2021)

Willisornis vidua presents multiple chromosomal rearrangements despite having a supposed conservative karyotype, demonstrating that our approach using a combination of FISH tools provides a higher resolution than previously obtained by chromosome painting alone. We also show that populations of Willisornis vidua appear conserved from a cytogenetic perspective, despite significant phylogeographic structure.
Loki: a ground-layer adaptive optics high-resolution near-infrared survey camera (2007)

We present the design of a new high-resolution near-infrared survey camera that will take advantage of the wide corrected field afforded by the 6.5 m MMT's new multi-laser ground-layer adaptive optics (GLAO) system. GLAO technology will correct for turbulence close to the telescope aperture where typically 1/2 to 2/3 of the total atmospheric turbulence lies and is expected to deliver image widths of 0.1-0.2 arc seconds in the near-infrared across a wide range of seeing conditions. The new camera will use a 2 by 2 mosaic of JWST NIRCam detectors, 2048 x 2048 arrays sensitive from 0.6 - 2.5 &mu;m based on Teledyne's HgCdTe HAWAII-2RG detector technology. The camera has a 4 arc minute square field, giving a plate scale of approximately 0.06 arc seconds/pixel, critically sampling the GLAO PSF. In addition, high resolution (0.25 arc seconds or better) multi-object spectroscopy can be supported with cold slit masks inside the dewar; allowing potentially hundreds of spectra to be obtained at once with resolutions of up to 10,000.
Characterization of Shigella flexneri in Northern Vietnam in 2012 –2016 (2023)

Introduction: Shigellosis remains a considerable public health concern in developing countries. Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei are prevalent worldwide and S. sonnei has been replacing S. flexneri. Gap Statement: S. flexneri still causes outbreaks in Northern Vietnam and limited information is available on its genetic characteristics. Aim: This study aimed to characterize the genetic characteristics of S. flexneri strains from Northern Vietnam. Methodology: This study used 17 isolates from eight incidents, collected in Northern Vietnam between 2012 and 2016. The samples were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS), molecular serotyping, cluster analysis, and identification of antimicrobial resistance genes. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis was performed including isolates from previous studies. Results: Clusters were identified according to spatiotemporal backgrounds. The results suggested that two incidents in Yen Bai province in 2015 and 2016 were derived from a very recent common ancestor. All isolates belonged to phylogroup (PG) 3, which was divided into two sub-lineages. Thirteen of 17 isolates, including those from the Yen Bai incidents, belonged to sub-lineage Sub-1 and were serotyped as 1a. The remaining four isolates belonged to sub-lineage Sub-2 and were the globally predominant serotype 2a. The Sub-1 S. flexneri isolates possessed the gtrI gene, which encodes the glycosyl transferase that determines serotype 1a, with bacteriophage elements in the vicinity. Conclusion: This study revealed two PG3 sub-lineages of S. flexneri in Northern Vietnam, of which Sub-1 might be specific to the region.
Staggered push - a linearly scalable architecture for push-based parallel video servers (2002)

With the rapid performance improvements in low-cost PCs, it becomes increasingly practical and cost-effective to implement large-scale video-on-demand (VoD) systems around parallel PC servers. This paper proposes a novel parallel video server architecture where video data are striped across an array of autonomous servers connected by an interconnection network. To coordinate data transmissions from multiple autonomous servers to a client station, a staggered push scheduling algorithm is proposed. A system model is constructed to quantify the performance of the architecture. Unlike most studies, this work does not assume the existence of a global clock among the servers and tackles two problems arising from server asynchrony: inconsistent schedule assignment and traffic overlapping. The former problem is solved by using an admission scheduler and the latter problem is solved by an over-rate transmission scheme. Analytical results prove a remarkable property of the staggered push architecture: as long as the network has sufficient capacity, the system can be scaled up linearly to an arbitrary number of servers. Design examples and numerical results are used to evaluate the proposed architecture under realistic assumptions and to compare it against other architecture.
Sarcopenia is not associated with inspiratory muscle strength but with expiratory muscle strength among older adults requiring long-term care/support (2022)

The most appropriate parameter for assessing respiratory sarcopenia may be MEP, which is an indicator of expiratory muscle strength, rather than FVC, MIP, or PEFR, as suggested in previous studies. Measuring MEP is simpler than measuring respiratory function parameters. Moreover, it is expected to have clinical applications such as respiratory sarcopenia screening.
Counterion Effect in Acid Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Materials (2000)

Mesoporous silica materials with well-ordered hexagonal structure were synthesized under acidic conditions by using various acid sources HX. The induction time for the formation of mesostructural precipitation increases in the lyotropic series HNO3 < HBr < HCl < H2SO4 under the same acid concentration. The induction rates are analyzed with a micelle-catalyzed reaction scheme. The order in induction time reflects the strength in counterion binding of X-. Nitric acid with the highest binding strength of counterion tends to form very long micelles. We have determined the counterion association constants and found the degree of counterion dissociation under synthetic conditions in solution. The association is only partial during the early morphology-setting stage. HNO3 is a suitable acid source for preparing silica ropes of hierarchical order, consisting of silica fibers formed from parallel nanosized channels. The elongation of the surfactant micelles and shearing flow are the controlling factors in the morphology. Temperature, acid concentration, surfactant chain length, and the addition of polar solvent also have strong influence on the morphology and nanostructure of the mesoporous materials under acidic conditions.
Successful catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia after cone procedure in Ebstein anomaly (2019)

Ebstein anomaly (EA) is a rare congenital heart disorder characterized by delaminated tricuspid valve (TV). This condition serves as an arrhythmic substrate contributing to atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmia and is notably associated with a high incidence of arrhythmias.1,2 The cone reconstruction (CR) approach, which was first described by da Silva3 in 2007, has advanced with time and is widely applied to patients with EA.4 Despite the good outcomes of CR,5,6 arrhythmic complications can occur after the procedure.
Low-Frequency Oscillations in a Potassium Plasma (1963)

Low-frequency oscillations (10–30 kc/sec) have been observed in thermal potassium plasmas, produced by surface ionization of potassium atoms on a hot tungsten plate. The oscillations are associated with the presence of an ion sheath near the tungsten plate and seem to be reasonably well described on the basis of a simple picture of ion waves propagating across the magnetic lines of force, in the presence of a density gradient.
Flow cytometry using spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (2010)

Flow cytometry techniques often rely on detecting fluorescence from single cells flowing through the cross section of a laser beam, providing invaluable information on vast numbers of cells. Such techniques, however, are often limited in their ability to resolve clusters of cells or parallel cell flow through large vessels. We present a confocal imaging technique that images unstained cells flowing in parallel through a wide channel, using spectrally encoded reflectance confocal microscopy that does not require mechanical scanning. Images of red blood cells from our system are compared to conventional transmission microscopy, and imaging of flowing red blood cells in vitro is experimentally demonstrated.
Evaluating the Electric Consumption of Residential Buildings: Current Practices and Future Prospects (2010)

As the construction industry transitions towards green buildings, and the number of LEED certified facilities continues to increase, the question of how to evaluate as-built energy performance becomes more important. Most homeowners rely on a monthly bill to determine their electric consumption, which is not an effective way to understand the results of most energy-saving strategies. Real-time feedback and appliance-level information is necessary, but most solutions require extensive hardware sub-metering, with a high price due to the hardware and installation costs. We argue that, in order to achieve wide adoption, the solutions need to be simple, easy to install, inexpensive and be able to return the investment in a reasonable time. In this paper we first analyze and compare the different types of technologies that are currently available for allowing homeowners to monitor their energy expenditure. Then we discuss new approaches that balance the trade-off between information and cost, and present preliminary results from a prototype Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) system we have installed in a building.
General purpose multiplexing device for cryogenic microwave systems (2016)

We introduce and experimentally characterize a general purpose device for signal processing in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems. The device is a broadband two-port microwave circuit element with three modes of operation: it can transmit, reflect, or invert incident signals between 4 and 8 GHz. This property makes it a versatile tool for lossless signal processing at cryogenic temperatures. In particular, rapid switching (≤15 ns) between these operation modes enables several multiplexing readout protocols for superconducting qubits. We report the device's performance in a two-channel code domain multiplexing demonstration. The multiplexed data are recovered with fast readout times (up to 400 ns) and infidelities ≤10−2 for probe powers ≥7 fW, in agreement with the expectation for binary signaling with Gaussian noise.
K-Ras stabilization by estrogen via PKCδ is involved in endometrial tumorigenesis (2015)

Estrogens are considered as a major risk factor of endometrial cancer. In this study, we identified a mechanism of tumorigenesis in which K-Ras protein is stabilized via estrogen signaling through the ER-α36 receptor. PKCδ was shown to stabilize K-Ras specifically via estrogen signaling. Estrogens stabilize K-Ras via inhibition of polyubiquitylation-dependent proteasomal degradation. Estrogen-induced cellular transformation was abolished by either K-Ras or PKCδ knockdown. The role of PKCδ in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis was confirmed in a mouse xenograft model by reduction of tumors after treatment with rottlerin, a PKCδ inhibitor. Finally, levels of PKCδ correlated with that of Ras in human endometrial tumor tissues. Stabilization of K-Ras by estrogen signaling involving PKCδ up-regulation provides a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of endometrial cancer.
Erratum to “On the Dynamic Analysis of a Beam Carrying Multiple Mass‐Spring‐Mass‐Damper System” (2019)

On the Dynamic Analysis of a Beam Carrying Multiple Mass-Spring-Mass-Damper System" [1], a part of equation ( erefore, both equations should be corrected to be as follows:
BN versus CC: How Similar Are They? (2007)

One of these bonds is not like the others: Cyclic π systems in which BN units replace their isoelectronic CC counterparts have intrigued chemists and materials scientists for decades. The recent report of Piers et al. on the synthesis, crystal structure, and optical properties of 10a-aza-10b-borapyrenes (see picture) represents a major breakthrough in this field.
A new Cramer-Rao lower bound for TOA-based localization (2008)

In this paper, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the 2-dimensional (2D) time-of-arrival (TOA) based localization <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . Unlike previous work on the CRLB, we consider a more practical propagation channel and relate it to inter-node range estimate through a distance-dependent variance model. We demonstrate that this will impact the derivation of the Fisher information matrix (FIM), eventually leading to a CRLB different from the existing derivations. This new theoretical framework provides us with additional insights on the immediate impact of the geometric configuration of anchor nodes on the localization accuracy.
A comparative study of diagnostic tests for tuberculous lymphadenitis: polymerase chain reaction vs histopathology and clinical diagnosis. (2002)

Polymerase chain reaction has sufficient reliability best as a confirmatory diagnostic test for tuberculous lymphadenitis; however, it is not appropriate as a screening test.
Modeling of the in vivo kinetics of antioxidants delineates suitable parameters for selecting potential antioxidant adjuvants for cancer therapy (2010)

To find in vivo behaviors of an antioxidant when used as an adjuvant cancer therapy, a more detailed integrated pharmacokinetic scheme is needed. Major reaction parameters associated with the sequential routes from ingestion to decay of an antioxidant were used in mathematical analysis, which included absorption rate coefficient k(a), quenching rate coefficient of the antioxidant k(q1) and tissue quenching rate coefficient k(r). The model was then treated with computer simulation using cited decay rate coefficients and some assumed parameters. When intestinal absorption rate coefficient k(a) becomes larger, retention time of antioxidant in plasma would be prolonged. moreover, k(a) had no effect on either quenching ability of antioxidants or tissue recovering capability. in quenching plasma ROS, the larger the quenching coefficient k(q1), the shorter peak- and the life-times would be for the secondary free radicals that are formed in primary quenching. Conclusively, it is suggestive to prescribe an antioxidant therapy with an appropriate values of k(a) and larger values of k(q1).
Needlelike Bicrystalline GaN Nanowires with Excellent Field Emission Properties (2005)

Large-yield and crystalline GaN nanowires have been synthesized on a Si substrate via a simple thermal evaporation process. The majority of the GaN nanowires has bicrystalline structures with a needlelike shape, a triangular prism morphology, and a uniform diameter of approximately 100 nm. Field-emission measurements show that the bicrystalline GaN nanowires with sharp tips have a lower turn-on field of approximately 7.5 V/microm and are good candidates for low-cost and large-area electron emitters. It is believed that the excellent filed emission property is attributed to the bicrystalline structure defects and sharp tips.
P4‐291: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy results in neurovascular unit disruption in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (2008)

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of the blood vessel and surrounding astrocytes, neurons and pericytes. This complex multi-cellular structure has been shown to be responsible for maintaining cerebral blood flow and the ionic and osmotic balances of the brain. NVU dysfunction has been implicated in stroke, contusion, brain tumors and epilepsy. Alzheimer's disease is a heterogeneous disease that has many pathologies in addition to the amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss that classically define its post-mortem diagnosis. Although widely acknowledged and present in about 75–98% of the AD population, the actual function of vascular amyloid deposition (aka. cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA) is largely unknown. We have examined neurovascular unit characteristics in four transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease ranging from minimal vascular involvement (APPSw), moderate vascular amyloid (APPSw/NOS2-/-) to severe vascular amyloid (APPSwDI and APPSwDI/NOS2-/-). This examination includes astrocyte end-feet markers, inflammation and brain perfusion. We found that astrocytic end-feet markers such as aquaporin-4 and Kir4.1 are reduced in models with vascular amyloid. These mice also had reduced astrocyte contact with the blood vessels in regions of vascular amyloid deposition. We examined brain perfusion in the APPSwDI and APPSwDI/NOS2-/- mice and found significantly reduced brain perfusion in these CAA mice. Aquaporin-4 and Kir4.1 were also reduced in Alzheimer's disease tissue with moderate and severe CAA deposition. Together, these data suggest a critical role for the neurovascular unit that contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Comparison of Coronary CT Angiography, SPECT, PET, and Hybrid Imaging for Diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease Determined by Fractional Flow Reserve (2017)

This controlled clinical head-to-head comparative study revealed PET to exhibit the highest accuracy for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. Furthermore, a combined anatomical and functional assessment does not add incremental diagnostic value but guides clinical decision-making in an unsalutary fashion.
Antidiabetic Medications and Mortality Risk in Individuals With Pancreatic Cancer–Related Diabetes and Postpancreatitis Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study (2019)

Metformin promotes a survival benefit in individuals with PPDM but not PCRD. Reverse causality may play a role in the association between insulin use and mortality in PCRD.
Trial Realization of Human-Centered Multimedia Navigation for Video Retrieval (2013)

A trial realization of human-centered navigation for video retrieval is presented in this article. This system consists of the following functions: (a) multimodal analysis for collaborative use of multimedia data, (b) preference extraction for the system to adapt to users' individual demands, and (c) adaptive visualization for users to be guided to their desired contents. By using these functions, users can find their desired video contents more quickly and accurately than with the conventional retrieval schemes since our system can provide new pathways to the desired contents. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.
P4‐406: Tarenflurbil (MPC‐7869), a selective Aβ42‐lowering agent, has no significant effect on drugs metabolized by CYP2C9 (2008)

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia among the elderly. Its histopathologic features include phosphorylated Tau neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta senile plaques. In randomized, double-blind Phase II studies, the Selective Aβ42-Lowering Agent (SALA) tarenflurbil (MPC-7869) has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability. In earlier studies, CYP2C9 inhibition was demonstrated in vitro. Therefore, tarenflurbil has the potential to inhibit CYP2C9 in vivo. Sixteen healthy subjects participated in this third-party blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover, Phase I study. Participants received either placebo or two 400-mg oral tablets of tarenflurbil every 12 hours for 9 consecutive days. On Day 6, each subject received one 500-mg oral tablet of tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 probe substrate. After the 14-day washout period, the treatments were switched (ie, subjects received the other treatment). Blood samples were collected throughout the study. Blood and urine samples were obtained on Day 6, prior to the morning dose of tarenflurbil or placebo and tolbutamide, and throughout the 96 hours after tolbutamide administration. The 90% confidence intervals for tolbutamide AUC(0–∞) (110%–120%) and Cmax (88%–112%) were within the standard bioequivalence criteria (80%–125%). Five days after administration of tarenflurbil 800 mg BID, the difference between mean tolbutamide exposure AUC(0–∞) with and without tarenflurbil was less than 15%. Furthermore, the formation clearance of 4-hydroxytolbutamide was similar for the treated and untreated states. Tarenflurbil has low potential for inhibition-based metabolic drug-drug interactions. Because of its amyloid-lowering properties, tarenflurbil holds promise as a disease-modifying agent for Alzheimer's disease.
Capital Concept Applied to Man (1935)

I. Scope of the study, 255. — II. The data used, 257. — III. Method of analysis, 264. — IV. Comparison with costs, 267. — V. The implied assumptions: a representative sample, 269; diifferences between groups, 271; equilibrium adjustment of market factors, 274. — VI. College training: (1) Value of abilities exceeds cost of training, 275; (2) Women graduates, 278. — VII. Values and costs of professional training: M.A. and Ph.D., 278; physicians, 279; engineers, 280; business men, 281; lawyers, 281. — VIII. Non-competing groups again, 283. — IX. Conclusion, 284.
Diastereoselective Solution and Multipin‐Based Combinatorial Array Synthesis of a Novel Class of Potent Phosphinic Metalloprotease Inhibitors (2003)

The solution-phase synthesis and resolution of new phosphinopeptidic building blocks containing a triple bond was realized in high yields and optical purities (units 3 a-d). The absolute configuration of the target compounds was unambiguously established by NMR studies. A post-assembly diversification strategy of these blocks was developed through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a variety of in situ prepared nitrile oxides. This strategy led to the rapid and efficient diastereoselective preparation of a novel class of isoxazole-containing phosphinic peptides (peptides 5 a-i). Solid-phase version of this strategy was efficiently achieved on multipin solid technology, by developing a new protocol for the coupling of P-unprotected dipeptidic blocks with solid supported amino acids in a quantitative and diastereoselective manner. Optimization of dipolar cycloadditions onto pin-embodied phosphinic peptides allowed the convenient preparation of this new class of pseudopeptides. The crude phosphinic peptides (9 a-k) were obtained in high yields and purity as determined by RP-HPLC. Inhibition assays of some of these peptides revealed that they behave as very potent inhibitors of MMPs, outmatching previously reported phosphinic peptides, in terms of potency (K(i) in the range of few nM).
Studies on the Functional Properties of Food-grade Soybean Products Part III (1972)

Gel formation is one of the most important functional properties of the food-grade soybean products. In order to clarify the properties of heat-coagulated gels, correlations between gel properties and chemical composition and correlations between gel properties and protein properties of commercial soybean products, subjective and objective texture measurements were made on the gel samples from soybean products. Heat-coagulated gels from soybean products were classified into three categories, the “hard-gel, ” “soft-gel” and “paste” products. The “hard-gel” products have crude protein contents of more than 75% and form hard-gel samples. The “soft-gel” products have crude fiber contents of below 1% and form soft and “tofu”-like gel samples and most of the “paste” products have crude fiber contents of above 1% and form gels with textural properties like mashedpotatoes or “miso.”
A fuzzy proposal to improve parametric DMC performance (2009)

This paper proposed a supervisor module to detect changes in process dynamic. The supervisor module uses regression equation and fuzzy logic to calculate changes in the characteristic process parameters: process gain, time constant and dead time. Once these parameters are calculated, they are sent to the PDMCr to update the process model. The Fuzzy Supervisor Module, determines changes in the process parameters, estimates the magnitude of the detected changes, and sends this information to the PDMCr adjusting the embedded model to the new operation conditions. A linear example is used to show how the approach works.