gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perilipin2 plays a positive role in adipocytes during lipolysis by escaping proteasomal degradation (2016)

Perilipin2 (Plin2), also known as adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), or adipophilin, is a member of the PAT family involved in lipid droplet (LD) formation in the liver and peripheral tissues. Although Plin2 was originally identified as a highly expressed gene in adipocytes, its physiological role in mature adipocytes is largely unknown. In this report, we investigated the regulation of Plin2 expression and its function in differentiated adipocytes of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Plin2 mRNA levels increased during adipocyte differentiation whereas protein levels did not. Plin2 was degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway but was inhibited by lipolytic inducers. Furthermore, lentiviral-mediated Plin2 knockdown attenuated lipolysis in differentiated MEFs in a time-dependent manner. Oleic acid-induced LD formation enhanced Plin2 protein stability when it was localized to LDs. Furthermore, a mutational analysis revealed that the ubiquitination and degradation of Plin2 required both the second and third alanine in the N-terminal region. These results suggest that Plin2 is degraded in the cytosol in its N-terminal amino acid sequence-dependent manner and instead becomes stable when localized on LDs. Our findings highlight the relationship between protein stability and a previously unnoticed function of Plin2 during lipolysis in adipocytes.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The c-Myc target gene Rcl (C6orf108) encodes a novel enzyme, deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase. (2007)

RCL is a c-Myc target with tumorigenic potential. Genome annotation predicted that RCL belonged to the N-deoxyribosyltransferase family. However, its putative relationship to this class of enzymes did not lead to its precise biochemical function. The purified native or N-terminal His-tagged recombinant rat RCL protein expressed in Escherichia coli exhibits the same enzyme activity, deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase, never before described. dGMP appears to be the best substrate. RCL opens a new route in the nucleotide catabolic pathways by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond of deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphates to yield two reaction products, deoxyribose 5-phosphate and purine or pyrimidine base. Biochemical studies show marked differences in the terms of the structure and catalytic mechanism between RCL and of its closest enzyme family neighbor, N-deoxyribosyltransferase. The reaction products of this novel enzyme activity have been implicated in purine or pyrimidine salvage, glycolysis, and angiogenesis, and hence are all highly relevant for tumorigenesis. PMID: 17234634 Funding information This work was supported by: NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: CA54197
Effects of SiC particle size and powder load on thermal cycling behavior and mechanial properties of SiC_p/Al composite (2011)

High volume fraction SiCp/Al composite is a perfect electronic packaging material due to its excellent thermal-physical properties and lower density.In the present study,the SiCp/Al composites were prepared by powder injection molding-pressureless infiltration technology,and the effects of SiC particles characteristics on thermal cycling behavior and mechanial properties were researched.The results showed that SiC particle size and volume fraction have an obvious effect on thermal dimensional stability of SiCp/Al composites,and smaller size of SiC particle and higher volume fraction can help reduce residual thermal strain of the composite during the thermal cycling and increase its thermal dimensional stability.And thermal dimensional stability of the composies will become worse with increasing of SiC particle size or decreasing of SiC volume fraction.The bending strength of SiCp/Al composites decreases with the increase of SiC particle size.The elastic modulus increases with increasing the volume fraction of SiC particles,while it can not be affected by the size of SiC particle.
Reactions of metal-disulfur complexes with nucleophiles and electrophiles (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of metal-disulfur complexes with nucleophiles and electrophilesK. Leonard, K. Plute, R. C. Haltiwanger, and M. Rakowski DuBoisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 11, 3246–3251Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50201a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50201a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Lipid production from corn stover by the oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus (2014)

The SSELP process was superior to other processes in terms of converting alkaline-pretreated corn stover into lipids by C. curvatus, as it required less cellulolytic enzymes and had a higher lipid coefficient. Moreover, the process facilitated easy enzyme recycling that should lead to further reduction of enzyme consumption. These results provide valuable information for cost-effective lipid production from lignocelluloses, which should be particularly important in achieving a sustainable production of biodiesel.
Secure and Resilient Software Development (2010)

Although many software books highlight open problems in secure software development, few provide easily actionable, ground-level solutions. Breaking the mold, Secure and Resilient Software Development teaches you how to apply best practices and standards for consistent and secure software development. It details specific quality software developmen
New vaccination delivery regimen drives enhanced, vaccine-specific immune responses. (155.13) (2011)

Abstract There is considerable research to define novel and safe adjuvants for use in vaccine formulations. Here, we focused on a gel-slurry delivery method to drive pro-inflammatory vaccine-specific responses using CpGs as adjuvant. The gel slurry hardens at body temperature, forming a gel matrix depot that releases CpGs and antigen, attracting antigen presenting cells. We vaccinated mice with recombinant Hepatitis B antigen using 8 different adjuvant schemes comparing induction of cytokines and antibody subtypes. We compared delivery using two different gel-slurrys with Alhydrogel (Alum) and Complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA). Each was mixed +/- CpGs. Mice vaccinated with gel slurry plus CpGs had significantly higher vaccine-specific antibody responses than mice vaccinated with antigen and CFA. Recall assays showed cells from mice vaccinated with Alhydrogel or CFA upregulated IL-10 at 72h compared to cells from gel-slurry + CpG vaccinated mice. Similar results were seen for IL-4. CpG use reduced levels of IL-5 to background in all groups compared to elevated levels in CFA. No differences in levels of IFNg and TNF. We are currently assaying for Ag-specific antibody isotype titers. The use of gel slurry plus CpGs to deliver vaccine antigens should have great utility for a number of vaccine formulations. Ultimately, this type of vaccine delivery system may facilitate development of therapeutic vaccines as well as prophylactic.
Determinants of Antiarrhythmic Drug Action (1995)

The molecular basis of antiarrhythmic drug action is still poorly understood. We recently reported that block of the human cardiac hKv1.5 channel by quinidine displayed similarity with internal quaternary ammonium block of squid and Shaker potassium channels. To gain further insight into the molecular determinants of the affinity and the stereoselectivity of antiarrhythmic drug action, we studied the effects of quinine (a diastereomer of quinidine), clofilium (a quaternary ammonium class III agent), and tetrapentylammonium (TPeA, a biophysical reference probe for the internal quaternary ammonium binding site). For all compounds, block was voltage dependent, with a steep increase over the voltage range of channel opening and a superimposed weaker voltage dependence at more positive potentials. The latter electrostatic component was similar for all drugs, consistent with a binding reaction sensing approximately 20% of the transmembrane electrical field. Clofilium and TPeA displayed a higher apparent affinity (0.15 and 0.28 mumol/L, respectively), and quinine displayed a lower one (21 mumol/L) compared with quinidine (6.2 mumol/L). Block development upon depolarization was time dependent for clofilium and TPeA but slow compared with quinidine. A time-dependent component was difficult to resolve for quinine, but the time course of deactivating tail currents was slower than in the control condition. The resulting crossover phenomenon was also observed for the quaternary drugs. Compared with TPeA alone, the combined application of quinine and TPeA resulted in a reduced current that decayed slower, consistent with competition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Power macro-models for DSP blocks with application to high-level synthesis (1999)

In this paper, we propose a modeling approach for the average power consumption of macro-blocks that are typically used in digital signal processing (DSP) systems, such as adders, multipliers and delay elements, in terms of their input/output signal switching statistics. The resulting power mucromodel, consisting of a quadratic or cubic equation in four variables, can be used to estimate the average power consumed in the macro-block for any given input/output signal statistics. This enables highlevel power estimation and allows one to compare the power performance of different competing DSP systems during high-level synthesis.
Integration of Reflectometry into a FOUP for Improved Cycle Time (2019)

A novel optical reflectometry solution, capable of measuring planar, blanket thin films on 300mm Si wafers within a self-contained and portable Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP)-based compact metrology system, the Metrology- FOUP (M-FOUP) System, is introduced. Key applications of the new instrument are presented by demonstrating measurement of unpatterned film thickness on samples representing typical daily qualification of process equipment. Benchmark data on characteristic samples from semiconductor production fab are presented, together with comparing the test results to that measured by conventional (stand-alone) metrology tools.
Collagen Induces Normal Signal Transduction in Platelets Deficient in CD36 (Platelet Glycoprotein IV) (1994)

The receptor involved in platelet activation by collagen has not been identified. Platelet glycoprotein IV, now known as CD36, has been implicated in interaction with collagen and also been shown to be associated with intracellular tyrosine kinases. In order to investigate the possible role of collagen-mediated signal transduction via CD36, platelets were obtained from a donor that were deficient in CD36. The collagen-induced intracellular mobilization of Ca2+ in the CD36 deficient cells was of the same magnitude as that seen in platelets from normal donors. In addition, serotonin secretion did not appear to be impaired. Tyrosine phosphorylation was also comparable between the CD36-deficient and normal platelets. Thus, it is unlikely that CD36 plays a major role in collagen-dependent platelet signal transduction.
Prime-Boost Immunizations with DNA, Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara, and Protein-Based Vaccines Elicit Robust HIV-1 Tier 2 Neutralizing Antibodies against the CAP256 Superinfecting Virus (2019)

A vaccine regimen that elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a major goal in HIV-1 vaccine research. In this study, we assessed the immunogenicity of the CAP256 superinfecting viral envelope (CAP256 SU) protein delivered by modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and DNA vaccines in different prime-boost combinations followed by a soluble protein (P) boost. The envelope protein (Env) contained a flexible glycine linker and I559P mutation. Trimer-specific bNAbs PGT145, PG16, and CAP256 VRC26_08 efficiently bound to the membrane-bound CAP256 envelope expressed on the surface of cells transfected or infected with the DNA and MVA vaccines. The vaccines were tested in two different vaccination regimens in rabbits. Both regimens elicited autologous tier 2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and high-titer binding antibodies to the matching CAP256 Env and CAP256 V1V2 loop scaffold. The immunogenicity of DNA and MVA vaccines expressing membrane-bound Env alone was compared to that of Env stabilized in a more native-like conformation on the surface of Gag virus-like particles (VLPs). The inclusion of Gag in the DNA and MVA vaccines resulted in earlier development of tier 2 NAbs for both vaccination regimens. In addition, a higher proportion of the rabbits primed with DNA and MVA vaccines that included Gag developed tier 2 NAbs than did those primed with vaccine expressing Env alone. Previously, these DNA and MVA vaccines expressing subtype C mosaic HIV-1 Gag were shown to elicit strong T cell responses in mice. Here we show that when the CAP256 SU envelope protein is included, these vaccines elicit autologous tier 2 NAbs.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> A vaccine is urgently needed to combat HIV-1, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, which remains disproportionately affected by the AIDS pandemic and accounts for the majority of new infections and AIDS-related deaths. In this study, two different vaccination regimens were compared. Rabbits that received two DNA primes followed by two modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and two protein inoculations developed better immune responses than those that received two MVA and three protein inoculations. In addition, DNA and MVA vaccines that expressed mosaic Gag VLPs presenting a stabilized Env antigen elicited better responses than Env alone, which supports the inclusion of Gag VLPs in an HIV-1 vaccine.
Adult neural stem cell cycling in vivo requires thyroid hormone and its alpha receptor. (2005)

International audience
Numerical Simulation of Casting Temperature Field Based on ADI Fraction Step Method (2010)

By using of alternating direction implicit(ADI) method of the fraction step,a new mathematical model of the 3-D temperature field is established to avoid the shortcomings of explicit difference method on the temperature field of casting during solidification process.The method is one of the very efficient methods that solve the parabola equation,which can greatly increase calculating speed of temperature field in a certain range of time step.In addition,the method is of the accurate result and absolutely stability,but the time step greatly impacts the calculating precision and calculating velocity.In order to accurately calculate casting temperature field,a method of simple variable time step is established which can ensure the precision of casting temperature field and the speed of calculate.Finally numerical simulation and experiment are practiced to show that ADI of the fraction step and the method of variable time step can accurately calculate the temperature field during the casting solidified process.
Impaired social cognition in multiple sclerosis (2013)

These results suggest impaired social cognition in MS. Importantly, ToM impairments in this group may not simply be a consequence of the well known neuropsychological deficits. Difficulties with correctly identifying emotions, thoughts and intentions in social situations may result in interpersonal problems and could contribute to the psychosocial burden of MS.
T Lymphocyte Activation Threshold is Increased in Reduced Gravity (2000)

There have been substantial advances in molecular and cellular biology that have provided new insight into the biochemical and genetic basis of lymphocyte recognition, activation and expression of distinct functional phenotypes. It has now become evident that for both T and B cells, stimuli delivered through their receptors can result in either clonal expansion or apoptosis. In the case of T cells, clonal expansion of helper cells is accompanied by differentiation into two major functional subsets which regulate the immune response. The pathways between the membrane and the nucleus and their molecular components are an area of very active investigation. This meeting will draw together scientists working on diverse aspects of this problem, including receptor ligand interactions, intracellular pathways that transmit receptor mediated signals and the effect of such signal transduction pathways on gene regulation. The aim of this meeting is to integrate the information from these various experimental approaches into a new synthesis and molecular explanation of T cell activation, differentiation and death.
Radiologic image enhancement to improve detection of retained surgical items (RSI) (2015)

Shariff, Faiz U. MD; Uribe, Jorge L. MD; Greenawald, Lawerence MD; Shaikh, Mohammad F. MD; Castellanos, Andres E. MD, FACS; McCracken, Brendan MD; Parrillo, Douglas MD; Shewokis, Patricia A. PhD; Lind, Scott D. MD; Goelz, Richard Author Information
A dynamic load sharing algorithm for massively multiplayer online games (2004)

To support hundreds of thousands of players in massively multiplayer online games, a distributed client-server architecture is widely used in which multiple servers are deployed and each server handles a partition of the virtual world. Because of the unpredictable movements and interactions of avatars, the concentration of avatars in some regions of the virtual world may cause some servers be overloaded. Existing load balancing schemes for distributed virtual environments and multiplayer games try to balance the workload among servers by transferring some workload of an overloaded server to other servers. While load balancing algorithms can minimize the average response time of the system, they may also result in frequent client migrations, which may damage the interactivity of an online game. In this paper, we propose a dynamic load sharing algorithm together with an efficient client migration scheme based on the concept of subscription regions. Simulation study has also been done to verify the effectiveness of our scheme.
Metabolic plasticity of wild-type and AOX-deficient Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells related to the inorganic nitrogen source (nitrate or ammonium), as revealed by a 2D-DIGE comparative proteomic analysis (2012)

In the model unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, both nitrate and ammonium can be used as primary inorganic nitrogen sources. Interestingly, the expression of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX), an "energy-dissipating" ubiquinol-oxygen oxidoreductase of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, is under the control of the exogenous nitrogen source : it is activated in nitrate-grown cells and repressed in ammonium-grown cells at both transcriptional and translational levels. This regulation of AOX by nitrogen is Chlamydomonas-specific and currently its bioenergetic and metabolic significance is poorly understood. In order to get clues to this peculiar phenomenon, we characterized the global metabolic response of a wild-type strain (WT) and an AOX-deficient mutant (AOX-) obtained by RNA interference grown either on nitrate or ammonium. For this purpose, we used a highly accurate 2D electrophoresis-based comparative proteomic approach (2D-DIGE) to compare the cellular proteomes of nitrate and ammonium-grown WT and AOX- Chlamydomonas. The analysis was performed in the middle of the exponential growth phase in mixotrophic conditions. It revealed many proteomic modifications between WT and AOX- cells and a smaller number between nitrate and ammonium-grown cells. In nitrate-grown cells, we notably observed an important up-regulation of glutamine synthetase. Interestingly, in AOX- cells, we respectively detected a general down-regulation and a general up-regulation of mitochondrial and chloroplastic bioenergetic enzymes, and also an important up-regulation of glutathione-dependent oxidative stress defense systems together with a remarkable down-regulation of methionine synthase. Altogether these results and previous studies provide new features in understanding the metabolic adaptations occurring in response to the inorganic nitrogen source with emphasis on the role played by AOX.
Association of Race and Sex With Risk of Incident Acute Coronary Heart Disease Events (2012)

The higher risk of fatal CHD among blacks compared with whites was associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor burden. These relationships may differ by sex.
Cyclic 1-(Arylamino)carboxylates via Mild Diastereospecific Jocic-Type Reaction with 2,2,2-Trichloromethyl Carbinols and Anilines (2016)

A mild, practical Jocic-type rearrangement for the synthesis of cyclic 1-(arylamino) carboxylates from readily available 2,2,2-trichloromethyl carbinols and anilines is described. The method demonstrates good scope, with a large variety of anilines providing direct access to several novel cyclic 1-(arylamino) carboxylates. The reaction is robust and has been shown to provide comparable results on kilogram scale. The reaction is diastereospecific, leading to the formation of a single diastereomer when utilizing stereodefined 2,2,2-trichloromethyl carbinol cores.
White Cloud or Black Cloud: Opportunity and Challenge of Spectrum Sharing on Cloud Computing (2012)

In order to fully utilize the spectrum resource, dynamic spectrum access becomes a promising approach to increase the opportunity of spectrum access with the rapid development of cognitive radio. However the performance of cognitive radio networks (CRN) is considerably constrained by its limited power, memory and computing ability. Fortunately cloud computing, which is the highlight of current research, has the potential to make up for the disadvantages because of its vast storage and computing capacity. In this paper we will discuss the convergence of spectrum sharing and cloud computing from several aspects including model, advantages and challenges. A spectrum sharing model based on cloud computing (SSC) will be introduced.
Structures of mycinamicins (1980)

A new family of basic 16-membered macrolide antibiotics with novel skeletons was isolated from Micromonospora sp. A-11725 and their structures were determined on the basis of physico-chemical properties.
Income distribution, consumer debt, and keeping up with the Joneses: a Kaldor-Minsky-Veblen model (2013)

We extend Kaldor’s theory of income distribution to include workers’ debt accumulation and their motive to emulate rentiers’ consumption. Our results show that (i) the interaction between income distribution and emulation can produce instability, (ii) instability is more likely when the workers’ emulation motive is strong and bankers’ lending decisions are highly accommodating, and (iii) a plausible assumption on the nonlinearity of emulation behavior can generate a limit cycle by way of the PoincareBendixson theorem. Our analysis provides an alternative perspective on the secular