gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Source properties of two microearthquakes at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (1988)

Abstract The source-time functions of two microearthquakes with magnitudes 2.1 and 2.3 at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, are determined by using the deconvolution technique. P-wave seismograms of a smaller event with magnitude 1.6 in a nearby location are treated as empirical Green's functions and deconvolved from the waveforms of the larger earthquakes by spectral division. From the time-domain analysis of the source-time functions, some of the source properties, such as the complexity and directivity, and some of the source parameters, such as pulse width, rise time, and source dimension, are determined. With a good azimuthal distribution of stations, the direction and magnitude of rupture velocity are estimated for one of the events. The rupture direction is about N85°W and rupture velocity is 0.75 Vs, assuming Vp = 1.73 Vs. The result for direction agrees with one of the nodal planes of the focal mechanism. Our results indicate that there exist obvious variations in rupture durations for nearby small events with similar seismic moments, suggesting significant differences in the static stress drops. The stress drops of two events (1.5 and 16.5 bar) estimated from the rise times differ by an order of magnitude, implying heterogeneity of the stress distribution over this small area.
La NIC: Inmovilizado material (2004)

<b>Purpose:</b> Limited data in current literature can be found on the relation between the two commonly-used active proprioception assessment methods -active joint position reproduction (JPR) and active movement extent discrimination assessment (AMEDA). The current study compared the two active methods, JPR and AMEDA, to investigate their interrelationship over two studies that differed in task difficulty, using active ankle inversion movements made in weight-bearing to maximise ecological validity.<b>Methods:</b> 50 participants volunteered in this research, 20 of whom on a harder protocol and the other 30 on an easier protocol, were tested by both methods, JPR and AMEDA. Proprioceptive acuity was represented by absolute error (AE) and variable error (VE) for JPR and by AE and the area under the curve (AUC) for AMEDA.<b>Results:</b> Proprioceptive acuity scores are found to be significantly correlated within test methods but not between methods for either hard or easy tasks, where JPR AE and VE scores were not correlated with either AMEDA AE or AUC. Further, proprioceptive acuity scores were significantly higher on the easy task when tested with the AMEDA method, but not with JPR method.<b>Conclusion:</b> Scores obtained from the two active movement proprioception tests, movement extent discrimination and joint position reproduction, were not significantly correlated. Taken together with previous findings, these results show that for proprioception, scores from the three classical psychophysical methods for measuring sensitivity (adjustment, limits and constant stimuli) are not correlated with each other. This suggests that each proprioception measurement system assesses a different aspect of proprioception.
Thin-film power-density meter for millimeter wavelengths (1991)

A quasi-optical power density meter for millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths has been developed. The device is a 2-cm/sup 2/ thin-film bismuth bolometer deposited on a mylar membrane. The resistance responsivity is 150 Omega /W, and the time constant is 1 min. The meter is calibrated at DC. The bolometer is much thinner than a wavelength, and can thus be modeled as a lumped resistance in a transmission-line equivalent circuit. The absorption coefficient is 0.5 for 189- Omega /square film. The power-density meter has been used to measure absolute power densities for millimeter-wave antenna efficiency measurements. Absolute power densities of 0.5 mW/cm/sup 2/ have been measured to an estimated accuracy of 5%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optimized transformation of the glottal motion into a mechanical model (2010)

During phonation the human vocal folds exhibit a complex self-sustained oscillation which is a result of the transglottic pressure difference, of the characteristics of the tissue of the folds and of the flow in the gap between the vocal folds (Van den Berg J. Myoelastic-aerodynamic theory of voice production. J Speech Hearing Res 1958;1:227–44 [1]). Obviously, extensive experiments cannot be performed in vivo. Therefore, in literature a variety of model experiments that try to replicate the vocal folds kinematics for specific studies within the vocal tract can be found. Here, we present an experimental model to visualize the fluid dynamics which result from the complex motions of real human vocal folds. An existing up-scaled glottal cam model with approximate glottal kinematics is extended to replicate more realistically observed glottal closure types. This extension of the model is a further step in understanding the fluid dynamical mechanisms contributing to the quality of human voice during phonation, in particular the cause (changed glottal kinematics) and its effect (changed aero-acoustic field). For four typical glottal closure types cam geometries of varying profile are generated. Two counter rotating cams covered with a silicone membrane reproduce as well as possible the observed glottal movements.
Self-organisation of colloidal nanoparticles (2004)

Note: Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (H.S. Nalwa Editor) Reference EPFL-BOOK-29619 Record created on 2005-01-12, modified on 2017-05-10
The Naturalistic Flight Deck System: An Integrated System Concept for Improved Single-Pilot Operations (2007)

This paper reviews current and emerging operational experiences, technologies, and human-machine interaction theories to develop an integrated flight system concept designed to increase the safety, reliability, and performance of single-pilot operations in an increasingly accommodating but stringent national airspace system. This concept, know as the Naturalistic Flight Deck (NFD), uses a form of human-centered automation known as complementary-automation (or complemation) to structure the relationship between the human operator and the aircraft as independent, collaborative agents having complimentary capabilities. The human provides commonsense knowledge, general intelligence, and creative thinking, while the machine contributes specialized intelligence and control, extreme vigilance, resistance to fatigue, and encyclopedic memory. To support the development of the NFD, an initial Concept of Operations has been created and selected normal and non-normal scenarios are presented in this document.
Replacement variant histone genes contain intervening sequences. (1985)

The nucleotide sequences of two chicken histone genes encoding replacement variant H3.3 polypeptides are described. Unlike the replication variant genes of chickens (and almost all other organisms), these genes contain intervening sequences; introns are present in both genes in the 5' noncoding and coding sequences. Furthermore, the replacement variant histone mRNAs are post-transcriptionally polyadenylated. The locations, but not the sizes, of the two introns within the coding segments of the two genes have been exactly conserved, whereas the intron positions in their respective 5' flanking regions differ. Although both H3.3 genes predict the identical histone polypeptide sequence, they are as different from one another as each of them is from a more common replication variant H3.2 gene in silent base substitutions within the coding sequences. Thus, the H3.3 polypeptide sequence has been precisely maintained over a great evolutionary period, suggesting that this class of histones performs a strongly selected biological function. Although replacement variant histones can account for more than 50% of the total H3 protein in the nuclei of specific chicken tissues, the steady-state level of H3.3 mRNA is nearly the same (and is quite low) in all tissues and ages of animals examined. These properties suggest novel mechanisms for the control of the basal histone biosynthesis which takes place outside of the S phase of the cell cycle.
6-Stroke Engine: Thermodynamic Modelling and Design for Testing (2019)

Abstract In the study AVL BOOST™ is used to perform a thermodynamic simulation of a six-stroke engine, being built by a research team based in Saudi Arabia. The six-stroke cycle consists of a standard four-stroke Otto Cycle followed by a heat recovering steam expansion cycle. Water is injected into the hot combustion chamber towards the end of the Otto expansion stroke producing steam, which is used to perform work on a piston. This process produces power using waste heat and therefore increases the overall efficiency of the engine. The Robin EY28D engine, which is a single cylinder, four-stroke, gasoline engine was used for this simulation study. The engine was modelled and converted into six-stroke engine in AVL BOOST. The results show that six-stroke engine is more efficient than four-stroke engine. In six-stroke engine, the engine power is increased by 33.1% and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is decreased by approximately 16%. Where emissions are concerned, Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emission from six-stroke engine is reduced by 80%, while the Hydrocarbon (HC) emission increases by 85% compared with the original 4-stroke. Moreover, the most efficient camshaft was found and designed according to the most efficient valve profile for this engine, which is combination of 60CA° of valve duration and 10 mm of valve lifting.
EVT‐701 is a novel selective and safe mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor with potent anti‐tumor activity in models of solid cancers (2021)

Targeting the first protein complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (MC1) in cancer has become an attractive therapeutic approach in the recent years, given the metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells. The anticancer effect exerted by the pleiotropic drug metformin and the associated reduction in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) levels putatively mediated by MC1 inhibition led to the development of HIF-1α inhibitors, such as BAY87-2243, with a more specific MC1 targeting. However, the development of BAY87-2243 was stopped early in phase 1 due to dose-independent emesis and thus there is still no clinical proof of concept for the approach. Given the importance of mitochondrial metabolism during cancer progression, there is still a strong therapeutic need to develop specific and safe MC1 inhibitors. We recently reported the synthesis of compounds with a novel chemotype and potent action on HIF-1α degradation and MC1 inhibition. We describe here the selectivity, safety profile and anti-cancer activity in solid tumors of lead compound EVT-701. In addition, using murine models of lung cancer and of Non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma we demonstrated that EVT-701 reduced tumor growth and lymph node invasion when used as a single agent therapy. LKB1 deficiency in lung cancer was identified as a potential indicator of accrued sensitivity to EVT-701, allowing stratification and selection of patients in clinical trials. Altogether these results support further evaluation of EVT-701 alone or in combination in preclinical models and eventually in patients.
Association of bone mineral density with polymorphism of the estrogen receptor gene (1996)

PvuII and XbaI restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene and its relation to bone mineral density (BMD) were examined in 238 postmenopausal healthy women aged 45-91 years (66.3 +/- 0.6 years, mean +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]) in Japan. The RFLPs were represented as Pp (PvuII) and Xx (XbaI), with capital letters signifying the absence of and small letters the presence of restriction sites. In the PPxx genotype (n = 18), Z score values of BMD were significantly lower than those for other genotypes (n = 220) (lumbar spine, -0.746 vs. -0.065 [p = 0.022]; total body, -0.482 vs. 0.308 [p = 0.002]). We classified the subjects into three genotypes with allelic haplotype: homozygote of the Px haplotype was expressed as the 11 genotype, heterozygote of the Px haplotype as the 10 genotype, and the one lacking the Px haplotype as the 00 genotype. The PpXx genotype was not included in this analysis because the allelic haplotypes are uncertain. The Px haplotype was associated with a low BMD in postmenopausal women (Z score for the lumbar spine, -0.746 vs. -0.279 vs. 0.083, for the 11, 10, 00 genotypes, respectively [p = 0.029]; Z score for the total body, -0.482 vs. 0.164 vs. 0.427, respectively [p = 0.003]). We suggest that some variation of the ER gene linked to these RFLPs is associated with low BMD and that this at least partly explains the cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Japanese women.
Identification of a Gene Signature Associated to Treatment Response to Palbociclib in Multiple Myeloma (2016)

Abstract Background: Inpatients with relaspsed/refractoryMultiple Myeloma (MM), outcomes are far from optimal, especially in patients refractory to current treatments Recent studies and clinical trials have highlighted the therapeutic potential of Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, in various cancers including MM. Deregulation of CDK4/6 is involved in the loss of cell cycle control in MM. Response to Palbociclib combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone was acquired in 20% of the relapsed/refractory MM patients, suggesting that biomarkers to identify patients that could benefit from this treatment are needed. Additional studies are required to understand the biological pathways associated with sensitivity or resistance of MM cells to Palbociclib. Methods: 14 human MM cell lines and 12 primary MM samples were tested for response to Palbociclib treatment. The concentration required to inhibit growth by 50% (IC50) was calculated. Gene expression signature associated with multiple myeloma response to Palbociclib, as well as, genes deregulated by the treatment have been analyzed using microarray and RNA-sequencing methods. Results: Palbociclib had an heterogeneous in vitro activity among the 14 human myeloma cell lines tested, which aggregated into three groups based on the distribution of the IC50 values: sensitive (n = 5, IC50: 0.2 - 0.3µM), intermediate (n = 3, IC50: 0.5 - 0.7µM) or more resistant group (n = 6, IC50: 0.9 - 2.4µM). The same holds true when testing the Palbociclib on primary multiple myeloma samples. The evaluation of the Palbociclib effect on cell cycle progression and the induction of the apoptosis, reveals that Palbociclib is essentially cytostatic, inducing prolonged G1 arrest in sensitive cell lines with a strong reduction of the percentage of cells in S phase. To better understand the molecular mechanisms associated with Palbociclib response, we identified a gene expression signature correlated with the response in both MM cell lines and primary myeloma cells from patients. Additionally, we have analyzed differentially expressed genes after Palbociclib treatment in human MM cell lines using RNA sequencing (n = 4). The physiological role of the downregulated genes after Palbociclib treatment is associated with cell cycle, mitosis and E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication. Significantly upregulated genes, after Palbociclib treatment, were enriched in genes encoding proteins involved in glutathione synthesis and recycling, and biological oxidations. Conclusion: Altogether, our data demonstrated a high heterogeneity in the response of MM cells to Palbociclib. We identified a gene expression signature associated with Palbociclib response in MM. These genes could help to identify MM patients that could benefit from Palbociclib treatment and provide novel targets for efficient combination therapy. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
[Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2(pta)] (pta = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane): a water soluble compound that exhibits pH dependent DNA binding providing selectivity for diseased cells (2001)

The water soluble complex [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2(pta)] (pta = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane), exhibits pH dependent DNA damage; the pH at which damage is greatest correlates well to the pH environment of cancer cells.
Applying Opposition-Based Ideas to the Ant Colony System (2007)

This paper presents several extensions to an algorithm in the family of ant colony optimization, the ant colony system. The proposed extensions are based on the idea of opposition and attempt to increase the exploration efficiency of the solution space. The modifications focus on the solution construction phase of the ant colony system. Three of the proposed methods work by pairing the ants and synchronizing their path selection. The two other approaches modify the decisions of the ants by using an opposite-pheromone content. Results on the application of these algorithms on travelling salesman problem instances demonstrate that the concept of opposition is not easily applied to the ant algorithm. Only one of the pheromone-based methods showed performance improvements that were statistically significant. The quality of the solutions increased and more optimal solutions were found. The other extensions showed no clear improvement. Further work must be conducted to explore the successful pheromone-based approach, as well as to determine if opposition should be applied to a different phase of the algorithm
Myocardial Stunning: An Overview (1993)

Over the past two decades, we have challenged the belief that transient ischemia is benign with little functional sequelae following resolution of ischemia. The phenomenon of prolonged postischemic contractile dysfunction, or of myocardial stunning, has been developed and is under investigation using multiple experimental and clinical models. Classifications of myocardial stunning have been suggested and include single and multiple reversible ischemic episodes, partially reversible episodes, and global ischemia. More challenging is the understanding of the mechanisms of myocardial stunning, including free radical protection, excitation-contraction uncoupling, altered calcium flux, microvascular dysfunction, and impaired energy production and use. Finally, advances have been made in the clinical arena, including development of new more sensitive technologies to detect dysfunction, and development of potentially important therapies, including free radical scavengers, adenosine-regulating agents, and calcium channel blockers. In this brief overview, we focus on myocardial stunning, including a historical perspective of coronary occlusion, and definition, classification, and clinical implications of myocardial stunning.
LignoIndo: image database of Indonesian commercial timber (2019)

Abstract Macroscopic image database of Indonesian commercial timber “LignoIndo” has been developed to support the development of a computer vision-based wood identification system. A total of 809 wood species were taken their macroscopic images by using digital loupe at two magnifications: 50 times and 200 times. All of these timber species are Indonesian commercial timber listed in LIU (License Information Unit) in November 2016. Cross section images of 186 wood species listed in the Ministry of Forestry Degree No 163/2003 were also collected by using mobile phone camera that was attached with 60x magnify lens, as the basis data to the mobile application of automatic wood identification tool (AIKO). The number of wood species in this database will continue to grow as the number of commercial wood species increases. Besides, the number of replicates of specimens for each species of wood can also continue to be added to accommodate wood variations in the same species, the same species from different trees, and different geographic locations. This paper presents data collection methods and summaries of wood data that have been collected including trade name, botanical name, family, durability classes, strength classes, commercial class classification, conservation status, and recommended utilization.
Total synthesis of (8R)-3-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol (pentostatin), the potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (8R)-3-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol (pentostatin), the potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminaseEunice Chan, Sterling R. Putt, H. D. Hollis Showalter, and David C. BakerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 18, 3457–3464Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00139a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views723Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Simulation of an inland waterway barge fleet distribution network (1998)

The paper discusses how a discrete event simulation model was developed using ProModel Software for application as a PC based decision support tool in the logistical management of a marine based distribution system. The system is operated on an inland waterway network with a dedicated fleet of barges and tugboats to transport products from several source plant loading points to multiple distribution sites at other locations along the waterway network. The general problem addressed here is the determination of proper fleet sizing, and appropriate resource allocation to meet potential delivery requirements in a timely manner. A familiar argument was found to exist here: operations personnel in the field claimed that a shortage of resources (barges) preclude them from achieving required system performance, while management claimed that available resources are sufficient but are not being applied in the most effective manner. With cost estimates for new barge investments being in the neighborhood of $250000 each, an appreciation and understanding of the true resource requirements presents a worthwhile undertaking. Proper development and analysis of an appropriately thorough, and visually enhanced, simulation model of the system is well suited as a potential solution in settling the argument.