gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conformational Effects on the Photoinduced Energy Transfer in a Star‐Shaped Pentaporphyrin with Nucleosidic Linkers (2004)

Abstract The photophysical properties of a pentameric array ( FB‐Zn 4 ) containing peripheral Zn porphyrins and a free‐base core, connected by nucleosidic linkers, have been determined and compared with the properties of the model dyad ( FB‐Zn ) and of their individual components. The flexibility of the nucleosidic linkers allows the dyad to take two different conformations corresponding to a bent and an almost fully extended form of the linker, which are characterized by a chromophore separation of ca. 2 nm and ca. 3 nm, respectively. Energy transfer from the zinc porphyrin to the free‐base porphyrin occurs, in the bent conformation, with a rate of 3.6 × 10 9 s −1 . Conversely, in the extended conformation, the Zn porphyrin decay is unperturbed, which is in good agreement with the expected dipole−dipole (Förster) energy transfer mechanism. In the pentameric array, the Zn porphyrin luminescence is quenched with a rate of 3.6 × 10 9 s −1 in 15% of the population, whilst the luminescence of the Zn porphyrin is unquenched for ca. 35% of the population. For comparison with the dyad, these two cases are assigned as arrays with a single linkage in a bent configuration and arrays with all linkages in the extended configuration, respectively. However, the most striking feature in the pentaporphyrin is that 50% of the Zn porphyrin excited state population exhibits a fast non‐radiative deactivation (rate ca. 10 10 s −1 ) which also involves the free‐base porphyrin core to some extent. This behavior is attributed to a strongly interacting conformation with the Zn porphyrins folded over the central free‐base porphyrin. The proposed model is supported by CD spectroscopy, complexation experiments with bases, and the reactivity of the excited state towards external quenchers. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Short-term inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 reversibly improves spatial memory but persistently impairs contextual fear memory in aged mice (2014)

High glucocorticoid levels induced by stress enhance the memory of fearful events and may contribute to the development of anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. In contrast, elevated glucocorticoids associated with ageing impair spatial memory. We have previously shown that pharmacological inhibition of the intracellular glucocorticoid-amplifying enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) improves spatial memory in aged mice. However, it is not known whether inhibition of 11β-HSD1 will have any beneficial effects on contextual fear memories in aged mice. Here, we examined the effects of UE2316, a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor which accesses the brain, on both spatial and contextual fear memories in aged mice using a vehicle-controlled crossover study design. Short-term UE2316 treatment improved spatial memory in aged mice, an effect which was reversed when UE2316 was substituted with vehicle. In contrast, contextual fear memory induced by foot-shock conditioning was significantly reduced by UE2316 in a non-reversible manner. When the order of treatment was reversed following extinction of the original fear memory, and a second foot-shock conditioning was given in a novel context, UE2316 treated aged mice (previously on vehicle) now showed increased fear memory compared to vehicle-treated aged mice (previously on UE2316). Renewal of the original extinguished fear memory triggered by exposure to a new environmental context may explain these effects. Thus 11β-HSD1 inhibition reverses spatial memory impairments with ageing while reducing the strength and persistence of new contextual fear memories. Potentially this could help prevent anxiety-related disorders in vulnerable elderly individuals.
Accuracy and precision of a new system for measuring toric intraocular lens axis rotation (2013)

We determined the accuracy and precision of a new system for measuring postoperative toric intraocular lens (IOL) axis rotation. The system performs high-resolution retroillumination photography to identify toric IOL axis markings and then takes a photograph of the iris and conjunctival/scleral vessels. Built-in software measures the toric axis to within 0.2 degree. If performed twice on the same eye, the system will correct the 2 toric axis measurements for cyclorotation/head tilt using iris/vessel registration. Testing in 37 eyes showed that using iris/vessel registration correction reduced the mean absolute toric IOL axis rotation by a factor of 4.5. We conclude that this system seems to be both accurate and precise for measuring postoperative toric IOL axis rotation.
Molten Salts: Volume 4, Part 4 Mixed Halide Melts Electrical Conductance, Density, Viscosity, and Surface Tension Data (1979)

Data on the electrical conductance, density, viscosity, and surface tension of mixed halide melts have been systematically collected and evaluated. Results are given for eighty-five binary mixtures over a range of compositions and temperatures.
In Vivo Bio‐Safety Evaluations and Diagnostic/Therapeutic Applications of Chemically Designed Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (2013)

The remarkable progress of nanotechnology and its application in biomedicine have greatly expanded the ranges and types of biomaterials from traditional organic material-based nanoparticles (NPs) to inorganic biomaterials or organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposites due to the unprecedented advantages of the engineered inorganic material-based NPs. Colloidal mesoporous silica NPs (MSNs), one of the most representative and well-established inorganic materials, have been promoted into biology and medicine, and shifted from extensive in vitro research towards preliminary in vivo assays in small-animal disease models. In this comprehensive review, the recent progresses in chemical design and engineering of MSNs-based biomaterials for in vivo biomedical applications has been detailed and overviewed. Due to the intrinsic structural characteristics of elaborately designed MSNs such as large surface area, high pore volume and easy chemical functionalization, they have been extensively investigated for therapeutic, diagnostic and theranostic (concurrent diagnosis and therapy) purposes, especially in oncology. Systematic in vivo bio-safety evaluations of MSNs have revealed the evidences that the in vivo bio-behaviors of MSNs are strongly related to their preparation prodecures, particle sizes, geometries, surface chemistries, dosing parameters and even administration routes. In vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics further demonstrated the effectiveness of MSNs as the passively and/or actively targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) for cancer chemotherapy. Especially, the advance of nano-synthetic chemistry enables the production of composite MSNs for advanced in vivo therapeutic purposes such as gene delivery, stimuli-responsive drug release, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, ultrasound therapy, or anti-bacteria in tissue engineering, or as the contrast agents for biological and diagnostic imaging. Additionally, the critical issues and potential challenges related to the chemical design/synthesis of MSNs-based "magic bullet" by advanced nano-synthetic chemistry and in vivo evaluation have been discussed to highlight the issues scientists face in promoting the translation of MSNs-based DDSs into clinical trials.
Role of P2Y1 purinoceptor in ADP‐induced platelet activation (1998)

ADP acts as an agonist of platelet aggregation via specific receptors which are still to be characterised. Amplification by PCR of a human platelet cDNA library confirmed the presence of mRNA of the P2Y1 receptor in platelets. In order to determine if these P2Y1 receptors were involved in ADP-induced platelet activation, we determined the effects of A3P5PS, an antagonist of the P2Y1 receptor, on the binding of [33P]2-MeS-ADP, a potent analogue of ADP. We found that A3P5PS displaced about 27% of [33P]2-MeS-ADP binding, a receptor population which has been shown to be resistant to treatment with clopidogrel, a selective anti-ADP agent. A3P5PS specifically inhibited 2-MeS-ADP-induced shape change and calcium increase but did not affect adenylyl cyclase down-regulation. 2-MeS-ADP-induced platelet aggregation was also inhibited by A3P5PS but was restored when platelets were further activated by serotonin, a non-aggregating compound, therefore suggesting that P2Y1-mediated stimulation is an absolute prerequisite for ADP to induce platelet aggregation and a key event for platelet activation and aggregation to occur. These results therefore show that ADP-induced aggregation cannot be attributed to activation of P2Y1 alone, but must be attributed to the simultaneous activation of the high affinity receptor (P2Y1) and a low affinity receptor of ADP (still to be discovered), each of them essential, but neither able to trigger aggregation alone.
IF MEMS filters for mobile communication (2002)

For the past few years, the mobile phone market has been facing fast growth. However, the first generations of mobile telecommunications were based on several different standards over the world, and even at the time major operators negotiate for the third generation licenses, it seems UMTS, CDMA2000 and TD-SCDMA cannot achieve one single standard. A great challenge would be to develop flexible, re-configurable mobile phone handsets that could switch from one standard to another. To do so, MEMS technology is expected as a promising solution to provide tiny, low-consumption tunable components. Moreover, enhancing MEMS technologies to be compatible with IC processing, a novel architecture can be used for a MEMS-based transceiver that could reach the ultimate goal of a fully-integrated single-chip system. Indeed, it has been recently demonstrated that every off-chip, bulky, and expensive passive component present in a typical superheterodyne transceiver front-end could be advantageously replaced by an RF-MEMS counterpart. For example, micro-mechanical resonators could avoid the use of ceramic, SAW, and quartz off-chip resonators to allow low-loss filtering, mixing and carrier generation. But that kind of micro-scale resonators requires high quality factor and temperature stability to achieve highly selective filtering and low phase-noise frequency references. So, to demonstrate this ability, resonators and filters with center frequency up to 300 MHz were designed, and for their fabrication, two processes have been undertaken: an epitaxial thick-film polysilicon industrial technology and a thin-film polysilicon-based technology made compatible with a CMOS-SOI technology.
Adjunct zonisamide to levodopa for DLB parkinsonism (2018)

This study provides Class I evidence that zonisamide (adjunctive to levodopa) improves parkinsonism and is well-tolerated in patients with DLB.
Effect of Higher Water Vapor Content on TBC Performance (2012)

Abstract This article discusses the influence of water vapor on the performance of YSZ thermal barrier coatings, particularly the oxidation resistance of the bond coat.
Identification and Quantification of Mineral Precipitation in Fe0 Filings from a Column Study (2004)

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify mineral phases and determine corrosion rates of granular iron samples from a 2-yr field column study. Similar to other studies, goethite, magnetite, aragonite, and calcite were found to be the major precipitated minerals, with Fe2(OH)2CO3 and green rust as minor phases. Based on TGA-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, Fe0 corrodes at rates of 0.5-6.1 mmol kg(-1) d(-1) in the high NO3- (up to 13.5 mM) groundwater; this rate is significantly higher than previously reported. Porosity reduction was 40.6%-45.1% for the inlet sand/Fe0 interface and 7.4%-25.6% for effluent samples of two test columns. Normalized for treatment volumes, porosity loss values are consistent with studies that use high levels of SO4(2-) but are higher than those using low levels of corrosive species. Aqueous mass balance calculations yield corrosion rates similar to the TGA-MS method, providing an alternative to coring and mineralogical analysis. A severely corroded iron sample from the column simulating a 17-yr treatment throughput showed >75% porosity loss. Extensive porosity loss due to high levels of corrosive species in groundwater will have significant impact on long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers.
Morphology assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography differs in patients in preterm labor with vs. without bacterial vaginosis (2000)

These data suggest that cervical change in preterm labor is more pronounced in patients with bacterial vaginosis but without a concomitant increase in the risk for preterm delivery. Despite this association, the cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography alone is a useful predictor of preterm delivery, independent of the presence or absence of bacterial vaginosis.
WLAN scanning strategies for RSSI-based positioning (2013)

We present a novel scanning algorithm to enable mobile units to obtain measurements from surrounding access points for indoor positioning using the wireless local area network (WLAN) infrastructure. Our scanning algorithm adapts to minimize its impact on network throughput and battery power consumption while meeting a target positioning accuracy. This is achieved by using a learning procedure that dynamically adapts the parameters of the WLAN scanning procedure. Further, we show static algorithms that do not consider high-traffic scenarios will not only fail to meet positioning accuracy targets, but they also severely degrade network throughput.
Robust high power (&lt;20 mW) all-fibre DFB lasers with unidirectional and truly single polarisation outputs (2003)

Summary form only given. Distributed Feedback (DFB) fibre lasers represent an attractive alternative to their semiconductor counterparts when employed both in optical transmission systems. Their use in sensing applications have also been considered. The lasers are compact devices based on a Bragg grating written into, or close to, the core of an optical waveguide that exhibits gain; the wavelength accuracy and stability associated with fibre Bragg gratings are thus inherent to the laser. Ideally lasers must also operate with single sided output to achieve the maximum slope efficiency, and single polarisation operation is necessary if the devices are operated together with polarisation sensitive components (such as e.g. modulators in telecommunication systems). We recently confirmed their suitability for such an application by demonstrating their use as robust transmitter sources in a 4/spl times/10 Bit/s WDM experiment over 200 km of standard fibre @ 1.55 /spl mu/m. In this paper we describe new design issues of DFB fibre lasers that result in highly directional output and we present a novel fabrication technique for generating robust single polarisation operation with higher polarisation purities than those previously reported.
Fanconi Anemia: Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities (2012)

Abstract Abstract SCI-1 Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous inherited disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, birth defects, and cancer susceptibility. At the cellular level, FA features hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, cell cycle abnormalities, and abnormal responses to cytokines. Therapy for the hematopoietic defects of FA has consisted of supportive care, stem cell transplantation, and administration of androgens such as oxymetholone. Unfortunately, even successfully transplanted FA patients have a very high risk of subsequent solid tumors, especially squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharyngeal and urogenital areas. The pharmacologic treatment of FA has been unchanged for several decades, and for this reason our group has embarked on a systematic search for small-molecule therapeutics that could benefit FA patients. This effort has been made possible by the cloning of 15 FA genes and biochemical insights into the function of FA proteins. Mouse models, zebra fish models, and FA patient cell lines, including induced pluripotent stem cells, are available for screening and validation. The specific goals of small-molecule interventions are to delay or prevent hematopoietic failure and also to delay or prevent carcinogenesis. To date, we have shown that the superoxide dismutase mimetic drug Tempol can significantly delay tumor formation in FA mice. Similarly, resveratrol clearly improved hematopoiesis in the same model. Medium-throughput screens have revealed numerous new molecules that ameliorate the FA phenotypes of cells, mice, and zebrafish. Using genetic approaches we also have identified the p53 pathway as a therapeutic target in FA. These therapeutic opportunities and progress in FA small-molecule screening will be discussed. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Wavelet Maxima and Moment Invariants Based Iris Feature Extraction (2007)

Iris recognition is one of the most reliable personal identification methods and is becoming the most promising technique for high security. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for personal iris identification by investigating iris textures that have a high level of stability and distinctiveness. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed system, we present a new approach to making a feature vector compact and efficient by using wavelet transform (wavelet maxima components), and moment invariants. The proposed scheme is invariant to translation, rotation, and scale changes. Experimental results have shown that the proposed system could be used for personal identification in an efficient and effective manner.
Hydrofluoric acid pre-treatment for improving 13 C CPMAS NMR spectral quality of forest soils in south-east Queensland, Australia (2002)

Hydrofluoric acid (HF) was used to pre-treat forest soils of south-east Queensland for assessing the effectiveness of iron (Fe) removal, carbon (C) composition using 13C cross-polarisation (CP) with magic-angle-spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) before and after the HF pre-treatment, and the improvement of 13C CPMAS NMR spectra. Soil samples were collected from 4 experimental sites of different soil types, harvest residue management or prescribed burning, and tree species. More than 86% of Fe was in all soil types removed by the HF treatment. The 13C NMR spectral quality was improved with increased resolution, especially in the alkyl C and O-alkyl C regions, and reduced NMR run-time (1-5&amp;nbsp;h per sample compared with &amp;gt;20&amp;nbsp;h per sample without the pre-treatment). The C composition appeared to alter slightly after the pre-treatment, but this might be largely due to improved spectrometer conditions and increased resolution leading to more accurate NMR spectral integration. Organic C recovery after HF pre-treatment varied with soil types and forest management, and soluble soil organic matter (SOM) could be lost during the pre-treatment. The Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectra of HF extracts indicated the preferential removal of carboxylic C groups during the pre-treatment, but this could also be due to adsorbed water on the mineral matter. The NMR spectra revealed some changes in C composition and quality due to residue management and decomposition. Overall, the HF treatment was a useful pre-treatment for obtaining semi-quantitative 13C CPMAS NMR spectra of subtropical Australian forest soils.
Professional-personal-private boundaries in a Supervisor - PhD student relationship - The influence of cultural backgrounds (2013)

In any job that requires contact with people, there is a need to find a “healthy” balance between professional and personal life in order to function at work. In a way, the PhD student-supervisor  case  is  not  different  from  such  jobs.  As  stated  in  a  recently published article, “Because of the delicacy and complex power dynamics, supervisor- student relationships need clearly defined boundaries.”   The  requirements  and  understanding  of  where  that  balanced  line  or  boundary  lays might depend on the individual person, but those differences seem to be milder within a  particular  culture.  In  this  sense,  the  PhD  student-supervisor  situation  might  be  an extreme case due to the often multicultural environment of an international university. There  is  very  little  information  in  the  Internet  about  specific  boundaries  between professional-personal-private  life  in  a  PhD  student-supervisor  context.  Some information  about  how  these  boundaries  differ  between  cultural  backgrounds  or nationalities  can  be  found  in  the  “Guide  to  mentoring  graduate  students  across cultures” developed by the Western Teaching Support Centre, University of Western Ontario,  Canada. 2  This  handbook  highlights  general  differences  in  personal- professional  boundaries  among  different  nationalities.  For  example,  while  in  North America people distinguish between work friends and personal friends and socialize separately, students from Central America and Mexico expect supervisors to take care of them as part of an “extended family”. A parental supervision style is also expected among Chinese students, who find it appropriate to ask for a loan or to borrow the supervisor´s  car.  In  return,  these  students  show  firm  dedication  to  the  supervisor´s work. In our work, we decided to conduct interviews with the aim to explore how specific boundaries might change for people, with a special focus on the cultural background of the interviewees. For this purpose we have developed two parallel questionnaires, one directed to graduate students and the other one directed to supervisors, to try to figure out if there were any changes in such boundaries regarding nationalities, gender, age  and  years  of  experience.  The  questions  have  focused  in  six  different  criteria, named  1-personal  relationships,  2-dual  relationships,  3-political  view,  4-personal favors, 5-  financial  situation,  6-health.  For  each  criterion,  an  open  question  and  a yes/no question were asked. The latter was done to be able to quantify some of the answers.  We  have  interviewed  11  supervisors  (9  Swedes,  2  Non  Swedes)  and  14 graduate students (8 Swedes, 6 Non Swedes).
Hybridization and Bond-Orbital Components in Site-Specific X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of RutileTiO2 (2002)

We have determined the Ti and O components of the rutile TiO2 valence band using the method of site-specific x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Comparisons with calculations based on pseudopotentials within the local density approximation reveal the hybridization of the Ti 3d, 4s, and 4p states, and the O 2s and 2p states on each site. These chemical effects are observed due to the large differences between the angular-momentum dependent matrix elements of the photoelectron process.
Similarity evaluation on tree-structured data (2005)

Tree-structured data are becoming ubiquitous nowadays and manipulating them based on similarity is essential for many applications. The generally accepted similarity measure for trees is the edit distance. Although similarity search has been extensively studied, searching for similar trees is still an open problem due to the high complexity of computing the tree edit distance. In this paper, we propose to transform tree-structured data into an approximate numerical multidimensional vector which encodes the original structure information. We prove that the L1 distance of the corresponding vectors, whose computational complexity is O(|T1| + |T2|), forms a lower bound for the edit distance between trees. Based on the theoretical analysis, we describe a novel algorithm which embeds the proposed distance into a filter-and-refine framework to process similarity search on tree-structured data. The experimental results show that our algorithm reduces dramatically the distance computation cost. Our method is especially suitable for accelerating similarity query processing on large trees in massive datasets.