gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Gate Dielectrics on the Performance of P-Type Cu<sub>2</sub>O TFTs Processed at Room Temperature (2013)

Single-phase Cu 2 O films with p-type semiconducting properties were successfully deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature followed by post annealing process at 200°C. Subsequently, such films were used to fabricate bottom gate p-channel Cu 2 O thin film transistors (TFTs). The effect of using high-κ SrTiO 3 (STO) as a gate dielectric on the Cu 2 O TFT performance was investigated. The results were then compared to our baseline process which uses a 220 nm aluminum titanium oxide (ATO) dielectric deposited on a glass substrate coated with a 200 nm indium tin oxide (ITO) gate electrode. We found that with a 150 nm thick STO, the Cu 2 O TFTs exhibited a p-type behavior with a field-effect mobility of 0.54 cm 2 .V -1 .s -1 , an on/off ratio of around 44, threshold voltage equaling-0.62 V and a sub threshold swing of 1.64 V/dec. These values were obtained at a low operating voltage of-2V. The advantages of using STO as a gate dielectric relative to ATO are discussed.
Transport of large solids in unsteady flow in sewers (2011)

At the upstream end of wastewater collection systems, the depth of flow is small and large solids have not disintegrated to any extent. Traditional tractive stress analysis for motion of solids in sewers may not be applicable for large solids which have a larger vertical dimension than the depth of the flow. This paper presents criteria to determine the conditions under which large solids move in sewers which have unsteady flow pulses based on over 1200 experimental runs. The important parameters are the density of the solid, the slope of the sewer and the flow (or in the case of short pulses, the volume of fluid in the pulse). The solids do not move as fast as the fluid. If the duration of the pulse is not sufficiently long, the solid may be picked up and deposited further downstream as the fluid ‘outruns’ the solid.
Statistical methods for measurement reduction in semiconductor manufacturing (2002)

Measurement reduction in wafer fabrication represents a significant opportunity for cost reduction and improvement in operational efficiency. This translates into savings on test wafers, metrology equipment, technician time and throughput time. With ever-increasing process complexities and moves to 300 mm technology, measurement costs are increasingly becoming an area of focus to improve manufacturing efficiency. At Intel, statistical methodologies and management systems were developed to facilitate the reduction of measurements to reduce measurement costs.
A towed marine gravity meter for near-bottom surveys (1997)

Abstract Gravity is measured presently on the sea surface and on the sea floor. Surface gravity suffers from loss of resolution over the deep ocean because the perturbing source masses are far from the observer. Bottom measurements recover this resolution, but suffer from poor coverage because of the time needed for each measurement. We have constructed a gravimetry system that combines the rapid data collection capability of a moving platform with the high resolution gained by locating the observations near the bottom. This gravity sensor is tethered to a ship and towed just above the sea floor. The instrument consists of a LaCoste and Romberg shipboard gravity meter modified to fit inside a pressure case that is mounted on a platform designed for towing stability. We have tested it in a survey in the San Diego Trough, a 1000-m-deep sedimented valley in the Pacific Ocean in the California continental borderlands. Multiple gravity tracklines collected there at a depth of 935 m show a resolution of a few tenths of a mGal. The new instrument will be useful for surveys of features whose lateral extent is equal to or less than the ocean depth.
Specifying and Validating Data-Aware Temporal Web Service Properties (2009)

Most works that extend workflow validation beyond syntactical checking consider constraints on the sequence of messages exchanged between services. These constraints are expressed only in terms of message names and abstract away their actual data content. We provide examples of real-world “data-aware” Web service constraints where the sequence of messages and their content are interdependent. To this end, we present {\rm CTL}\hbox{-}{\rm FO}^+, an extension over Computation Tree Logic that includes first-order quantification on message content in addition to temporal operators. We show how {\rm CTL}\hbox{-}{\rm FO}^+ is adequate for expressing data-aware constraints, give a sound and complete model checking algorithm for {\rm CTL}\hbox{-}{\rm FO}^+, and establish its complexity to be PSPACE-complete. A “naive” translation of {\rm CTL}\hbox{-}{\rm FO}^+ into CTL leads to a serious exponential blowup of the problem that prevents existing validation tools to be used. We provide an alternate translation of {\rm CTL}\hbox{-}{\rm FO}^+ into CTL, where the construction of the workflow model depends on the property to validate. We show experimentally how this translation is significantly more efficient for complex formulas and makes model checking of data-aware temporal properties on real-world Web service workflows tractable using off-the-shelf tools.
Comparison of the PATHFAST D-dimer assay with two POC D-dimer assays (2015)

The early exclusion of PE is a major precondition for goal-oriented diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the new point-of-care assay PATHFAST D-dimer in comparison with VIDAS D-Dimer Exclusion and STRATUS CS D-dimer.
Fault-tolerant operation of a logical qubit in a diamond quantum processor (2022)

Solid-state spin qubits is a promising platform for quantum computation and quantum networks<sup>1,2</sup>. Recent experiments have demonstrated high-quality control over multi-qubit systems<sup>3-8</sup>, elementary quantum algorithms<sup>8-11</sup> and non-fault-tolerant error correction<sup>12-14</sup>. Large-scale systems will require using error-corrected logical qubits that are operated fault tolerantly, so that reliable computation becomes possible despite noisy operations<sup>15-18</sup>. Overcoming imperfections in this way remains an important outstanding challenge for quantum science<sup>15,19-27</sup>. Here, we demonstrate fault-tolerant operations on a logical qubit using spin qubits in diamond. Our approach is based on the five-qubit code with a recently discovered flag protocol that enables fault tolerance using a total of seven qubits<sup>28-30</sup>. We encode the logical qubit using a new protocol based on repeated multi-qubit measurements and show that it outperforms non-fault-tolerant encoding schemes. We then fault-tolerantly manipulate the logical qubit through a complete set of single-qubit Clifford gates. Finally, we demonstrate flagged stabilizer measurements with real-time processing of the outcomes. Such measurements are a primitive for fault-tolerant quantum error correction. Although future improvements in fidelity and the number of qubits will be required to suppress logical error rates below the physical error rates, our realization of fault-tolerant protocols on the logical-qubit level is a key step towards quantum information processing based on solid-state spins.
Contrôle de la mitophagie par les microARN (2014)

Hematopoiesis is orchestrated by a succession of lineage- and stage-specific transcription factors working in concert with chromatin modifiers. Here, we explored the role of KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) and their cofactor KAP1 in this process. The hematopoietic-restricted deletion of Kap1 in the mouse resulted in severe hypoproliferative anemia, with Kap1-deleted erythroblasts failing to induce mitophagy-associated genes, hence to eliminate mitochondria. This was due to persistent expression of microRNAs targeting mitophagy transcripts, itself secondary to a lack of repression by stage-specific KRAB-ZFPs. This KRAB/KAP1-microRNA regulatory cascade is evolutionary conserved, as it also controls mitophagy during human erythropoiesis. A multilayered transcription regulatory system is thus unveiled, where protein- and RNA-based repressors are super-imposed in combinatorial fashion to govern the timely triggering of an essential differentiation event.
Dynamical Model of Traffic Congestion with the Consideration of the Next-nearest- neighbor Interaction (2006)

By introducing the velocity difference between the preceding car and the car before the preceding one into the optimal velocity model (OVM), we present an extended dynamical model which takes into account the next-nearest-neighbor interaction. The stability condition of this model is derived by considering a small perturbation around the uniform flow solution with finding that traffic congestion is suppressed efficiently by incorporating the effect of new consideration. Then we investigate the property of the model using numerical methods. The results indicate that the next-nearest-neighbor interaction has important impacts on the coexisting flow, the relation between flow and density, and the propagation speed of small disturbance (PSSD). In addition, we have a try to further enhance the stability of traffic flow by introducing the relative velocity of an arbitrary number of cars in front, but the analysis of linear stability shows it is poor for our purpose.
Mitogenic signaling mechanisms of human cementum-derived growth factors. (1993)

Cementum-derived growth factor (CGF) is a M(r) 23,000 protein, which is sequestered in the mineralized matrix of tooth cementum. We have investigated the mitogenic signaling reactions induced by CGF using quiescent human gingival fibroblasts as target cells. Cells activated with CGF were compared with those treated with CGF plus epidermal growth factor (EGF) and other growth factors. CGF caused a transient increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, and this was accompanied by enhancement of membrane protein kinase C activity, myelin basic protein and S6 kinase activities, inositol phosphate levels, and activation of c-fos and jun-B gene expression. Membranes obtained from cells activated with CGF contained several protein bands, which cross-reacted with antiphosphotyrosine antibody; however, proteins corresponding to a putative phosphorylated CGF receptor were not detected. DNA synthesis induced by CGF was inhibited by 65% in cells treated with pertussis toxin but only 25-29% in cultures exposed to H7 or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; these values were different from those obtained when EGF, PDGF, or fetal bovine serum were used as mitogens. CGF and TGF-beta, but not EGF, caused an increase of PDGF-A chain mRNA expression 4 h after mitogen addition. However, while CGF was mitogenic for gingival fibroblasts, TGF-beta was not. Kinetics of DNA stimulation and experiments with anti-PDGF antibodies indicated that PDGF-A expression does not contribute significantly to CGF-induced DNA synthesis. When the stimulation of various signaling pathways induced by CGF and other growth factors was compared, the pattern of stimulation by CGF was different from other growth factors. The characteristic signaling reactions of CGF are likely to be important components of the mechanisms that regulate the formation and regeneration of cementum and adjacent connective tissues.
Hybrid in-phase and continuous auditory stimulation significantly enhances slow wave activity during sleep (2019)

Recent evidence has shown that enhancing slow-wave activity (SWA) during sleep has positive effects on cognitive, metabolic, and autonomic function. We have developed a consumer, integrated device that automatically detects sleep stages from a single electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and delivers auditory stimulation in a closed-loop manner. The stimulation was delivered in 15-auditory tone blocks separated from each other by at least 15 seconds. The first tone in a block was synchronized to the up-state of a detected slow-wave while subsequent ones were separated from each other by a constant 1-second inter-tone interval. The system was tested in a study involving 22 participants and SWA enhancement (average 45.8%; p=0.0027) was found in 19/22 participants.
Wide band mhmic microstrip technology for optoelectronic uses (2005)

In this paper, we describe the process that we have developped for optoelectranic uses from 2 to 20 GHz. It includes the realization of 2 levels of interconnexion lines on one side of alumina substrate and ground plane on the other side, metallizated holes for ground plane connexion, and the integration of passive elements such as resistors, capacitors, crossovers and inductors with air bridges. In addition, it resolves some well known problems of the users, such as holes demetallization during gold etching lines, dimentionnal etching reproductibility, capacitor yield fabrication, conductor line resistivity, and square resistivity layer limitation for resister fabrication. It requires vacuum, photoetching, and clectrolytical thickening technologies, After its microwave evaluation, actually outslanding, we think also use this process for microwave applications up to 60 GHz.
Beyond Grand Theft Auto V for Training, Testing and Enhancing Deep Learning in Self Driving Cars (2017)

As an initial assessment, over 480,000 labeled virtual images of normal highway driving were readily generated in Grand Theft Auto V's virtual environment. Using these images, a CNN was trained to detect following distance to cars/objects ahead, lane markings, and driving angle (angular heading relative to lane centerline): all variables necessary for basic autonomous driving. Encouraging results were obtained when tested on over 50,000 labeled virtual images from substantially different GTA-V driving environments. This initial assessment begins to define both the range and scope of the labeled images needed for training as well as the range and scope of labeled images needed for testing the definition of boundaries and limitations of trained networks. It is the efficacy and flexibility of a "GTA-V"-like virtual environment that is expected to provide an efficient well-defined foundation for the training and testing of Convolutional Neural Networks for safe driving. Additionally, described is the Princeton Virtual Environment (PVE) for the training, testing and enhancement of safe driving AI, which is being developed using the video-game engine Unity. PVE is being developed to recreate rare but critical corner cases that can be used in re-training and enhancing machine learning models and understanding the limitations of current self driving models. The Florida Tesla crash is being used as an initial reference.
The use of an engineered thymidylate synthase gene for gene therapy applications (2010)

The effectiveness of many gene therapy applications is limited by the efficiency of genetic modification of target cells. For example, clinical trials have shown that the transduction efficiency of hematopoietic stem cells using recombinant retroviruses is extremely low compared to the efficiency of transducing hematopoietic progenitor cells. One method for increasing the percentage of genetically‐modified cells is to selectively expand the population after transduction. We examined the potential for using an engineered thymidylate synthase construct, designed to be optimally expressed in mammalian cells (OPTecTS), as a drug‐resistance marker to preferentially select genetically‐modified cells. An MSCV‐OPTecTS construct was developed and shown to confer extremely high‐level antifolate resistance to transduced cells using several in vitro assays. OPTecTS transduced cells were enriched to a high percentage of the total cell population after only five days in culture. Also, co‐transfection of OPTecTS with GFP resulted in the selection of GFP+ cells after selection, and PCR confirmed the presence of the OPTecTS DNA in all cases, indicating that the OPTecTS construct was directly protecting the GFP+ cells. These results indicate that OPTecTS can be used for the in vitro selection of modified cells, not only as a selectable marker for gene therapy but also for molecular biology applications.
Basics of Wireless Communications for Positioning (2017)

This chapter introduces the basics of wireless communications with particular focus on their relation to mobile positioning. It describes the principles of radio propagation by classifying the physical phenomena underlying wireless communications in terms of large-scale fading and small-scale fading. The chapter introduces the possibilities and challenges of multiple-antenna techniques, focusing on spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing and their achievable gains, namely array gain, diversity gain, multiplexing gain and interference reduction. The chapter presents the duplexing methods for accommodating two-way transmission over the wireless channel. It overviews modulation and access techniques, with particular focus on multicarrier techniques and access methods such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The chapter describes the basics of some radio resource management (RRM) techniques, namely handoff and interference management, channel reuse, channel reservation and power control, and illustrates how localization can benefit from them and vice versa. It addresses principles of over-the-air synchronization.
A mediation infrastructure for digital library services (2000)

Digital library mediators allow interoperation between diverse information services. In this paper we describe a flexible and dynamic mediator infrastructure that allows mediators to be composed from a set of modules (``blades''). Each module implements a particular mediation function, such as protocol translation, query translation, or result merging. All the information used by the mediator, including the mediator logic itself, is represented by an RDF graph.We illustrate our approach using a mediation scenario involving a Dienst and a Z39.50 server, and we discuss the potential advantages and weaknesses of our framework.
X-ray Structure Determination of a Camptothecin-resistant Point Mutant of Human Topoisomerase I in Complex with Camptothecin (2000)

Human topoisomerase I (topo I) is the sole intracellular target of camptothecin (CPT) and other “topo I poisons,” some of which are among the most promising anticancer drugs ever identified. However, the lack of high resolution structural information on drug binding is a major stumbling block in the design of new topo I poisons. We have developed protocols for the crystallization of human topo I in covalent complex with DNA, wherein crystallization depends on the presence of camptothecin. Surprisingly, CPT-dependent crystals can be obtained with the camptothecin-resistant point mutant N722S enzyme. In order to elucidate the binding mode of CPT, and the structural effects of CPT-resistant point mutants, Emerald BioStructures, has visited beam-lines X25 and X12B at the NSLS in order to collect high-resolution X-ray diffraction data sets (2.0 to 2.5 angstrom) on CPT-dependent N722S crystals that would otherwise only diffract to ~5 angstrom resolution using standard laboratory X-ray sources. During the NSLS 2000 fiscal year, we examined over 100 crystals at X25 and X12B and have collected a total of ~ 2000 oscillation images, one degree each, to arrive at ~10 data sets with 90-95% completeness to between 2.0 and 2.5 angstrom resolution. The data was processed on-site using Denzo HKL software. The crystal structure determination of the CPT-dependent N722S crystals via molecular replacement and multiple-isomorphous replacement methods have revealed the binding mode of CPT as well as the mechanism of drug resistance by the N722S mutation.
Efficacy and safety of splenectomy in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: long-term results of 402 cases. (2005)

This study shows that splenectomy is a safe procedure and effective in approximately two thirds of patients with chronic ITP. Further studies are required to establish whether surgery-sparing treatments of chronic ITP, such as high-dose dexamethasone, anti-D and anti-CD20 immunoglobulins, have similar or even superior efficacy, risk and cost ratios compared to splenectomy.
Controlled Glioma Cell Migration and Confinement Using Biomimetic‐Patterned Hydrogels (2021)

Cancer cell migration is significantly influenced by the physical properties (e.g., mechanics, topography) of the local extracellular matrix (ECM). However, how cells guide their movement in a complex, heterogeneous landscape while interpreting various physical factors, especially those with sizes on the subcellular length scale, is not completely understood. Herein, a photodegradable hydrogel is fabricated with control over the spatial distribution of features with different physical characteristics. On the surface of this hydrogel, patterns of features with sizes and spacings on the subcellular to cellular length scale are generated using a digital micromirror device, and the influence of the organization of these patterns on cellular migratory behavior is investigated. The size and spatial arrangement of hard (or stiff) and soft domains, more so than their topography, is found to have a significant impact on the migration speed. Using this approach, the maximum migration speed is observed on hydrogels with 10 μm pattern sizes spaced 10 μm apart. In this regime, the cells are confined and interact with both hard and soft regions at their periphery. Together, this study of cell–ECM interactions at the interface of hard and soft domains provides insights into how cancer cells interact with their environment.
The calcium‐dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and CDPK‐related kinase gene families in Hevea brasiliensis—comparison with five other plant species in structure, evolution, and expression (2016)

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) play important roles in various physiological processes of plants, including growth and development, stress responses and hormone signaling. Although the CDPK gene family has been characterized in several model plants, little is known about this gene family in <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i> (the Para rubber tree). Here, we characterize the entire <i>H. brasiliensis</i> CDPK and CDPK-related kinase (CRK) gene families comprising 30 <i>CDPK</i> genes (<i>HbCPK1</i> to <i>30</i>) and nine <i>CRK</i> genes (<i>HbCRK1</i> to <i>9</i>). Structure and phylogeny analyses of these <i>CDPK</i> and <i>CRK</i> genes demonstrate evolutionary conservation in these gene families across <i>H. brasiliensis</i> and other plant species. The expression of <i>HbCPK</i> and <i>HbCRK</i> genes was investigated via Solexa sequencing in a range of experimental conditions (different tissues, phases of leaf development, ethylene treatment, and various abiotic stresses). The results suggest that <i>HbCPK</i> and <i>HbCRK</i> genes are important components in growth, development, and stress responses of <i>H. brasiliensis</i>. Parallel studies on the <i>CDPK</i> and <i>CRK</i> gene families were also extended to five other plant species (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, <i>Oryza sativa</i>, <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>, <i>Manihot esculenta,</i> and <i>Ricinus communis</i>). The <i>CDPK</i> and <i>CRK</i> genes from different plant species that exhibit similar expression patterns tend to cluster together, suggesting a coevolution of gene structure and expression behavior in higher plants. The results serve as a foundation to further functional studies of these gene families in <i>H. brasiliensis</i> as well as in the whole plant kingdom.
Abstract 15587: Tea Domain Family Member 1 (TEAD1): Novel Role in Regulating Cardiac Oxidative Stress Response (2019)

Introduction: We previously demonstrated that TEAD1, the transcriptional effector of the Hippo pathway, plays a critical non-redundant role in adult cardiomyocyte (CM) homeostasis and its loss-of-f...