gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability of Cascaded Fuzzy Systems and Observers (2009)

A large class of nonlinear systems can be well approximated by Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy models with linear or affine consequents. It is well known that the stability of these consequent models does not ensure the stability of the overall fuzzy system. Therefore, several stability conditions have been developed for TS fuzzy systems. We study a special class of nonlinear dynamic systems that can be decomposed into cascaded subsystems, which are represented as TS fuzzy models. We analyze the stability of the overall TS system based on the stability of the subsystems and prove that the stability of the subsystems implies the stability of the overall system. The main benefit of this approach is that it relaxes the conditions imposed when the system is globally analyzed, thereby solving some of the feasibility problems. Another benefit is that by using this approach, the dimension of the associated linear matrix inequality (LMI) problem can be reduced. For naturally distributed applications, such as multiagent systems, the construction and tuning of a centralized observer may not be feasible. Therefore, we also extend the cascaded approach to the observer design and use fuzzy observers to individually estimate the states of these subsystems. A theoretical proof of stability and simulation examples are presented. The results show that the distributed observer achieves the same performance as the centralized one, while leading to increased modularity, reduced complexity, lower computational costs, and easier tuning. Applications of such cascaded systems include multiagent systems, distributed process control, and hierarchical large-scale systems.
Production of recombinant murine‐human chimeric IgM and IgG anti‐Jsb for use in the clinical laboratory (2003)

Human-mouse chimeric IgM and IgG from a murine IgG MoAb anti-Jsb has been successfully engineered for use in the clinical laboratory. This approach can potentially be used to manipulate other murine MoAbs to blood group antigens into more clinically useful human isotypes.
Synthesis of New Didemnin B Analogs for Investigations of Structure/Biological Activity Relationships (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of New Didemnin B Analogs for Investigations of Structure/Biological Activity RelationshipsScott C. Mayer, Joshi Ramanjulu, Matthew D. Vera, Amy J. Pfizenmayer, and Madeleine M. JoullieCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 18, 5192–5205Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00097a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00097a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1491Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
NEVRLATE: Scalable Resource Discovery (2003)

A scalable and expressive peer-to-peer (P2P) networking and computing framework requires efficient resource discovery services. Here we propose NEVRLATE, for Network-Efficient Vast Resource Lookup At The Edge, an efficient organization of directories or directory mirrors, providing a scalable distributed resource discovery service. NEVRLATE organizes directory servers in an approximate two-dimensional grid, or a set of sets of servers, for registration to occur in one 'horizontal' dimension, and lookup to occur in the other 'vertical' dimension. The payoff of organizing n servers into a structure like this is to achieve O(pn) message complexity for registration, and nearly constant complexity lookup. At extra cost NEVRLATE can provide fault tolerance, high availability and security, anonymity, and privacy. The protocol described can be seen as a way to organize Gnutella supernodes, or as a performance extension of Freenet's architecture. In addition, it supports expressive lookup mechanisms, and may provide a basis for a truly scalable worldwide infrastructure for the semantic and the extended web.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Glasses (2015)

Infrared (IR) and Raman are two complementary techniques of vibrational spectroscopy both of which have been used extensively over the years in glass studies. This chapter introduces infrared spectroscopy and its potential in glass studies with emphasis on glasses in bulk and thin film forms. It commences with a brief review of the basics on refractive index and dielectric function that allow defining the optical and dielectric properties measured in the infrared. Then, the chapter outlines the main methods used to treat reflectivity data measured on bulk materials which absorb strongly in the infrared, and give the formalism to treat spectra of thin films. Key aspects of the Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) instrumentation are presented, and the procedure of measuring infrared spectra is outlined using as example the reflectance spectrum of silica glass. The chapter concludes by summarizing key points of glass studies by infrared spectroscopy.
Nitric oxide indices in human septic shock (2000)

Plasma concentrations of NOx and NT are elevated in primary episodes of septic shock and may also be elevated in secondary septic shock, but too few episodes of recurrent septic shock occurred to allow firm conclusions. Plasma concentrations of NT are elevated in patients with septic shock with normal plasma NOx concentrations, indicating that plasma concentrations of NOx may not always accurately reflect NO production. Reactive nitrogen species may be formed in septic shock, and measuring both NOx and NT may give a better indication of NO production in septic shock than NOx alone. Plasma levels of nitrosothiols did not change during septic shock.
Somatic cell genetic analysis of the interferon system. (1975)

Current advances in the use of somatic cell hybrid systems have enhanced the value of these systems for studying eukaryotic cell functions. We have reviewed the use of somatic cells to investigate the human interferon system. It has been shown that interspecific heterokaryons and hybrid cells can produce interferon(s) of both parental types and may be protected from viral challenge by interferon(s) from either parent. Using mouse-human hybrid cells we have assigned a human gene(s) responsible for regulating interferon to chromosome 21 and genes involved in the production of human interferon to chromosomes 2 and 5. Our data also suggest possible assignment of a locus involved in control of interferon production to chromosome 16. Suggested further uses of the somatic cell system for interferon studies include study of the subunit structure of interferons and the development of hybrid lines that produce human interferon at high levels (interferon/somatic cell hybrids/human gene assignment.
Infrared studies of new one-dimensional tetracyanoplatinates containing the bifluoride ion (1977)

New one-dimensional tetracyanoplatinate (TCP) conductors of the type M2[Pt(CN)4](FHF)0.39–0.40 where M=Rb+, Cs+, and K2[Pt(CN)4](FHF)0.30⋅xH2O, were studied by infrared techniques and the fluorine in these compounds was shown to be present as the bifluoride ion (FHF)−. The asymmetric hydrogen–fluorine stretching vibration was found to be cation dependent, and occurs at higher frequency for the K+ salts, as compared to the Rb+ and Cs+ salts. In contrast to the anion and cation-deficient one-dimensional TCP conductors, only one intense CN stretching mode at ∼2150 cm−1 was observed. The rubidium and cesium salts are lustrous, metallic-gold in color, and appear to be optically different from the reddish-bronze prototype materials, K2[Pt(CN)4]X0.3 ⋅3H2O where X=Br or Cl.
Design and implementation of a Packet-in buffer system for SDN switches (2017)

In this paper, we designed, implemented, and evaluated the performance of a Packet-in packet buffer system in an SDN bare metal commodity switch and Open vSwitch. In our approach, only the first packet of a new flow needs to be sent to the SDN controller via a Packet-in packet and all subsequent packets can be temporarily stored in the Packet-in packet buffer system until the arrival of the flow rule. Our experimental results show that our approach effectively prevents packets of a new flow from being dropped when they pass an SDN switch, significantly reduces the switch CPU usage, greatly reduces the control plane bandwidth usage, and greatly reduces the Packet-in packet processing load imposed on the SDN controller.
Performance validation of Mapper's FLX-1200 (2018)

Mapper has installed its first product, the FLX–1200, at CEA-Leti in Grenoble (France). This is a maskless lithography system, based on massively parallel electron-beam writing with high-speed optical data transport for switching the electron beams. The FLX-1200, containing 65,000 parallel electron beams in a 13mm x 2mm electron optics slit, is capable of patterning any resolution and any different type of structure all the way down to 28 nm node patterns. As of August 2017 the FLX-1200 has a fully operational electron optics column, including a 65,000 beam blanker. In this paper the latest technical achievements of the FLX-1200 have been described: beam current is at 80% of FLX-1300 target (85 minutes per wafer). For 42nm hp dense lines a CDu of 8nm 3&sigma; and a LWR of 5nm 3&sigma; has been demonstrated. The stitching error is 12nm &mu;+3&sigma; and regarding overlay a 15nm capability demonstrated, provided matching strategy is implemented and the mirror map is calibrated.
A compensatory link between cleavage/polyadenylation and mRNA turnover regulates steady-state mRNA levels in yeast (2022)

Cells have compensatory mechanisms to coordinate the rates of major biological processes, thereby permitting growth in a wide variety of conditions. Here, we uncover a compensatory link between cleavage/polyadenylation in the nucleus and messenger RNA (mRNA) turnover in the cytoplasm. On a global basis, same-gene 3' mRNA isoforms with twofold or greater differences in half-lives have steady-state mRNA levels that differ by significantly less than a factor of 2. In addition, increased efficiency of cleavage/polyadenylation at a specific site is associated with reduced stability of the corresponding 3' mRNA isoform. This inverse relationship between cleavage/polyadenylation and mRNA isoform half-life reduces the variability in the steady-state levels of mRNA isoforms, and it occurs in all four growth conditions tested. These observations suggest that during cleavage/polyadenylation in the nucleus, mRNA isoforms are marked in a manner that persists upon translocation to the cytoplasm and affects the activity of mRNA degradation machinery, thus influencing mRNA stability.
Control of Hair Cell Excitability by Vestibular Primary Sensory Neurons (2007)

In the rat utricle, synaptic contacts between hair cells and the nerve fibers arising from the vestibular primary neurons form during the first week after birth. During that period, the sodium-based excitability that characterizes neonate utricle sensory cells is switched off. To investigate whether the establishment of synaptic contacts was responsible for the modulation of the hair cell excitability, we used an organotypic culture of rat utricle in which the setting of synapses was prevented. Under this condition, the voltage-gated sodium current and the underlying action potentials persisted in a large proportion of nonafferented hair cells. We then studied whether impairment of nerve terminals in the utricle of adult rats may also affect hair cell excitability. We induced selective and transient damages of afferent terminals using glutamate excitotoxicity in vivo. The efficiency of the excitotoxic injury was attested by selective swellings of the terminals and underlying altered vestibular behavior. Under this condition, the sodium-based excitability transiently recovered in hair cells. These results indicate that the modulation of hair cell excitability depends on the state of the afferent terminals. In adult utricle hair cells, this property may be essential to set the conditions required for restoration of the sensory network after damage. This is achieved via re-expression of a biological process that occurs during synaptogenesis.
Surface plasmon distributed feedback lasers and parity-time symmetric gratings (2016)

This paper discusses the amplification of surface plasmons (SPs) via propagation through one or two optically-pumped dipolar gain materials incorporated into the claddings adjacent to a thin metal plane or stripe. Then, cavity designs to ensure single-mode SP lasing are discussed, emphasizing distributed feedback (DFB) concepts. Single-mode DFB lasers are then implemented as a step-in-width metal stripe waveguide Bragg grating to produce distributed SP modal feedback, which in conjunction with SP modal gain, enables lasing in one SP mode. By also structuring the gain medium it is possible to interleave a gain grating with a loss grating such that a parity-time (PT) symmetric grating is enabled. Parity-time (PT) symmetric optical materials or devices are synthetic structures where the refractive index distribution is judiciously synthesized such that n(r) = n * (-r) about an axis or plane of symmetry. By altering the refractive index of the medium at a certain critical threshold, PT symmetry breaks down sharply. This breaking threshold is referred to as an exceptional point or a spontaneous phase transition, where many fascinating optical phenomena can be observed. One phenomenon of particular interest is asymmetric reflectance produced in waveguide Bragg gratings where the period of the grating satisfies this relationship. In a carefully-designed structure, the asymmetry can be ideal, i.e., the reflectance from one end is non-zero but the reflectance from the other is zero.
Video matching (2004)

This paper describes a method for bringing two videos (recorded at different times) into spatiotemporal alignment, then comparing and combining corresponding pixels for applications such as background subtraction, compositing, and increasing dynamic range. We align a pair of videos by searching for frames that best match according to a robust image registration process. This process uses locally weighted regression to interpolate and extrapolate high-likelihood image correspondences, allowing new correspondences to be discovered and refined. Image regions that cannot be matched are detected and ignored, providing robustness to changes in scene content and lighting, which allows a variety of new applications.
Energetic cost and structural consequences of burying a hydroxyl group within the core of a protein determined from Ala .fwdarw. Ser and Val .fwdarw. Thr substitutions in T4 lysozyme (1993)

In order to determine the thermodynamic cost of introducing a polar group within the core of a protein, a series of nine Ala-->Ser and 3 Val-->Thr substitutions was constructed in T4 lysozyme. The sites were all within alpha-helices but ranged from fully solvent-exposed to totally buried. The range of destabilization incurred by the Ala-->Ser substitutions was found to be very similar to that for the Val-->Thr replacements. For the solvent-exposed and partly exposed sites the destabilization was modest (approximately less than 0.5 kcal/mol). For the completely buried sites the destabilization was larger, but variable (approximately 1-3 kcal/mol). Crystal structure determinations showed that the Ala-->Ser mutant structures were, in general, very similar to their wild-type counterparts, even though the replacements introduce a hydroxyl group. This is in part because the introduced serines are all within alpha-helices and at congested sites can avoid steric clashes with surrounding atoms by making a hydrogen bond to a backbone carbonyl oxygen in the preceding turn of the helix. The three substituted threonine side chains essentially superimpose on their valine counterparts but display somewhat larger conformational adjustments. The results illustrate how a protein structure will adapt in different ways to avoid the presence of an unsatisfied hydrogen bond donor or acceptor. In the most extreme case, Val 149-->Thr, which is also the most destabilizing variant (delta delta G = 2.8 kcal/mol), a water molecule is incorporated in the mutant structure in order to provide a hydrogen-bonding partner. The results are consistent with the view that many hydrogen bonds within proteins contribute only marginally to stability but that noncharged polar groups that lack a hydrogen-bonding partner are very destabilizing (delta delta G approximately greater than 3 kcal/mol). Supportive of other studies, the alpha-helix propensity of alanine is seen to be higher than that of serine (delta delta G = 0.46 +/- 0.04 kcal/mol), while threonine and valine are similar in alpha-helix propensity.
Quality control for next-generation liquefaction case histories (2019)

The Next-Generation Liquefaction (NGL) database is an open-source, global database of liquefaction and non-ground failure case-histories. The database is part of a multi-year research effort with the main goal of developing improved procedures to evaluate liquefaction susceptibility, triggering, and consequences. In NGL, a case-history is defined as the intersection of three components: (1) a site, (2) an earthquake event, and (3) post-earth-quake observations. The NGL database hosts case-histories used to develop existing liquefaction models, as well as new data derived from recent earthquakes such as the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence, the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, and the 2012 Emilia earthquake. The database also hosts lateral spread case-histories, and a substantial number of liquefaction sites characterized by the presence of co-located recording stations. All of the data present in the NGL database are reviewed by the NGL Database Working Group. The NGL formal vetting process is described for an example case-history.
Using partial order techniques to improve performance of data flow analysis based verification (1999)

Partial order optimization techniques for distributed systems improve the performance of finite state verification approaches by avoiding redundant exploration of some portions of the state space. Previously, such techniques have been applied in the context of model checking approaches. In this paper we propose a partial order optimization of the program model used by FLAVERS, a data flow based finite state verification approach for checking user-specified properties of distributed software. We demonstrate experimentally that this optimization often leads to significant reductions in the run time of the analysis algorithm of FLAVERS. On average, for those cases where this optimization could be applied, we observed a speedup of 21%. For one of the cases, the optimization resulted in an analysis speedup of 91%.
Tailored optical polarization in nanostructured metamaterials (2016)

A very efficient method for the calculation of the effective optical response of nanostructured composite systems allows the design of metamaterials tailored for specific optical polarization properties. We use our method to design two-dimensional periodic arrays of subwavelength dielectric inclusions within nanometric supported metallic thin films which behave as either an almost perfect linearly dichroic system, as a quarter-wave plate, as a system with a large circular dichroism, or as a circular polarizer. All of these systems may be tuned over a wide energy range.
Comparative anatomical study of standard percutaneous and modified medialised percutaneous Bunnell type repair for artificial Achilles tendon rupture: positive effect of medialisation of the stitches with lower risk of sural nerve injury (2015)

Medialisation of percutaneous suture in AATR repair shows clear advantages compared to standard non medialised technique ensuring a possible lower incidence of sural nerve entrapment injury. Our modified percutaneous Bunnell type technique allows sufficient adaptation of ruptured Achilles tendon.
Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants with mammalian P450 monooxygenase genes (2005)

Transgenic potato and rice plants were generated by the introduction of human P450 species, CYP1A1, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, which metabolized a number of herbicides, insecticides and industrial chemicals. The transgenic potato plant T1977 co-expressing CYP1A1, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 genes showed remarkable cross-resistance to several herbicides with different structures and modes of action due to metabolism of these herbicides by the P450 species expressed. The transgenic rice plant 2C9-57R2 expressing CYP2C9 gene showed resistance to sulfonylureas, and the transgenic rice plant 2C19-12R1 expressing CYP2C19 gene showed cross-resistance to certain herbicides with different structures and modes of action. These transgenic plants appear to be useful for herbicide resistance as well as phytoremediation of environmental contaminants.
Diastereodifferentiation of Novel Naphthalene Dyads by Fluorescence Quenching and Excimer Formation (2006)

Four new bichromophoric naphthalene dyads in form of diastereomeric pairs are synthesized and photophysically characterized. For a closely related group of compounds (NAP-NAP, MNAP-NAP, MNAP-MNAP), systematic variation of the urea linker led to the observation of intramolecular fluorescence quenching for tertiary urea, but not for secondary urea. Chiral information contained in the dyads has an impact on the efficiency of this process. Furthermore, for the case of (R,R)-MNAP-MNAP, excimer formation in the pre-organized dyad was noted, while being absent in the corresponding (R,S) diastereomer. These differences in photophysical behavior are ascribed to the geometry of the linker and to the chiral information contained in the diastereomeric compounds. Other dyads, such as NPX-NPX, included naproxen as the chromophore. For these compounds strong excimer emission is obtained, however, only very small diastereodifferentiation is observed for the two investigated stereoisomers.